bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of hydrothermal time on the formation of SAPO-56 structure and its catalytic activity of removal NOx by NH3-SCR with Cu/SAPO-56
Authors: Dang Thi Thu Anh  , Nguyen Tien Dat  , Doan Anh Tuan  , Vuong Thanh Huyen  , Pham Thanh Huyen
Published: August 2021

The SAPO-56 molecular sieve material was prepared under hydrothermal conditions at 200 °C with different hydrothermal times using precursors including Al(OH)3, LUDOX AS-30, H3PO4, and TMHD (N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-hexane-1,6-diamine) as an organic structure-directing agent. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopes, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, NH3 temperature - programmed desorption, N2 adsorption-desorption, and UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy methods. Electron paramagnetic resonance technique was applied to determine isolated Cu2+ ions in the framework. Although materials shared the same AFX framework structure, they owned different physicochemical properties, especially in terms of crystal size, surface area, and acidity. Next, the catalytic activity of removal NOx of Cu/SAPO-56 and Cu/ZSM-5 using commercial ZSM-5 as support with the loading of 3 wt%Cu synthesized by aqueous ion-exchange method was assessed in the selective catalytic reduction with NH3.
The essential oil from Cymbopogon validus
Authors:   , Naidoo Nelisha
Published: August 2021

The chemical and biological properties of the essential oil from Cymbopogon validus were investigated. Hydro-distillation was used to extract the oil from C. validus, the flower-heads, leaves, culms and rhizomes. The percentage oil yields obtained from the plant organs varied from 0.05 to 1.23%, with the greatest concentration found in the flower-heads and rhizomes, 1.23 and 1.12% respectively. A sensory evaluation of the oil revealed that the essential oil was slightly murky, pale yellow in colour, had a strong turpentine-like smell and remained liquid at room temperature. The oxidative stability of C. validus oil was evaluated by determining its Rancimat induction period (negative), peroxide value (60.56 meq/kg), iodine value (84.55), percentage free fatty acids (0.19%) and percentage cholesterol (3.03%). These results indicated that the oil was highly susceptible to oxidation. Chromatographic profiles of the oils from C. validus, as well as the plant organs were generated using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Predominant compounds present in the oil included alpha-Cubebene, Camphene, Geraniol, Limonene, Myrcene, Palmitic acid and Sabinene. C. validus essential oil was also investigated for its antimicrobial (disk diffusion), antioxidant (1, 1-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay), anti-inflammatory (5-lipoxygenase assay), anti-mosquito properties (insecticidal, larvicidal and repellency assays) and toxicity profile (Brine shrimp and Ames assays). The oil showed poor antimicrobial activity and inhibited the growth of only Gram positive bacteria with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.0625 (vol/vol) for Bacillus, Micrococcus and Staphylococcus species. The oil also exhibited excellent antioxidant activity, scavenging more than 80% of DPPH free radicals and possesses anti-inflammatory activity (IC50=190 ppm). C. validus oil showed good adulticidal activity (53.7% mortality) and excellent larvicidal (100% mortality) and repellent activity (100% repellency) against Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes. At high concentrations, the oil was toxic to brine shrimp larvae. However, when diluted it was safe and the minimum inhibitory concentration was 0.0001(vol/vol). The absence of revertant colonies at all essential oil concentrations in the Ames test suggest that the oil is not mutagenic. These results lead the way for exploiting C. validus oil as a multi-functional agent that has antibacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-mosquito properties.
Storage Battery Explosions: Hydrogen or Bleve?
Authors: Dixon Harry S.
Published: August 2021

Storage battery explosions have been known for nearly a century. Usually these explosions took place in battery charging rooms as a result of the ignition of the hydrogen given off during charging. Recent experience during heavy discharge of batteries used for mobile equipment starters has pointed up the inadequacy of the hydrogen explosion theory. This phenomenon has long been recognized but no adequate explanation has been given. 1 The most logical explanation is that these explosions are B-oiling L-iquid E-expanding V-apor E-xplosions, which are similar to the phenomenon of a single spurting of a geyser. As used, the term BLEVE explosion contains some redundancy as the last E in BLEVE also stands for explosion. Two forensic cases were involved. See Figures 1 and 2 for photographs of the damaged batteries. Both resulted in injury to a user. Defendants claimed the explosions were hydrogen explosions ignited by a spark created by the injured party who did not observe other allegedly safe practices.
Highway Speed vs. Sideslip (Critical Speed in a Curve)
Authors: Manning Lindley
Published: August 2021

Is there a simple way to calculate vehicle speed based upon curved yaw marks on a road surface? J. Standard Baker, in his book Traffic Accident Investigation Manual, published by the Traffic Institute, Northwestern University, presents such a method. This method is taught by the Traffic Institute to thousands of police officers from all over the country. These people then use the method and abuse the method to bring criminal charges against drivers. Later, others use these calculations in civil actions for damages. The abuses will be addressed later on in this review (see Fig. 6 and 7), but what about the published method itself? What is it, and is it valid?
Forensic Engineering For Automobile Accident Reconstruction
Authors: Chi Michael
Published: August 2021

Passenger car accidents alone rank among the top five causes of death for the general population and in particular constitute the leading cause of death for the one to twenty-four year old age group. Personal and product liability analysis requires an interdisciplinary research between pathologists and forensic engineers through mathematical modeling and laboratory tests. Similarly, in accident reconstruction a forensic engineer teamed in a multidisciplinary practice with pathologists and attorneys can produce a vivid scenario of the accident using a limited input obtained through diverse sources of information. In this article, various simulation programs relevant to accident investigation are briefly discussed. Dynamics of a simplified two-car crash is heuristically presented and finally the role of the experience forensic engineer and his collaborative effort with pathologists and attorneys in reconstructing a disputed accident are emphasized.
Mediation During Construction - To Save Time And Cost
Authors: Ward Joseph S.
Published: August 2021

To avoid longtime delays and associated costs in settling construction disputes, it is proposed that a procedure for mediation during construction be utilized in the construction industry as an alternative to the current litigation process. The mediator, selected by the owner, contractor and architect/engineer, will investigate the dispute immediately after its occurrence and will rapidly make a determination to resolve the matters between the parties while construction is still underway. This proposal has been endorsed by the Association of Soil and Foundation Engineers and is currently under consideration by the Deep Foundation Construction Industry Roundtable. Unfortunately, disputes between the owner, contractor, subcontractor, and architect/engineer arise during the course of construction due to numerous factors. These controversies are frequently concerned with failures, encountering unexpected site conditions, interpretation of the contract documents, or unilateral action
The Forensic Engineer on the Witness Stand Under Cross-Examination Attack
Authors: Bleyl Robert L.
Published: August 2021

During direct examination on the witness stand, the forensic engineer undoubtedly has said some things that were not advantageous to the other partys position. The forensic engineer was hired to do an investigation, an analysis, a reconstruction, some tests, or whatever the case required. Based on that work, he has formulated some opinions. Because those opinions were favorable to the party employing him, he was invited to express those opinions on the witness stand as an expert witness. Cross examination provides the opposing party with an opportunity to examine the basis for that testimony and the opinions expressed. During cross examination, the other attorney has a chance to convince a judge or jury that part of what they have just heard should not be taken as true, because there are valid reasons for discounting or ignoring that testimony. Thus, cross examination is an attack against the forensic engineer and the basis for his opinions. This paper summarizes the objectives
Forensic Engineering in Alaska - A Case History
Authors: Dent Donald R.
Published: August 2021

Forensic Engineering in Alaska involves the same type cases as it does outside - personal injury, auto and industrial accidents, fires, soil and foundation failures, faulty construction, construction claims, errors and omissions, etc. We do have elements which add to the complexity of these typical cases. They are
What Forensic Engineers Should Know About Products Liability Law
Authors: Moll Richard A.
Published: August 2021

After products liability tort reform has run its course, and the insurance crisis has been resolved, manufacturers will still be held responsible for defective products that fail prematurely causing injury, property damage and commercial loss. This products liability responsibility has two aspects which should be clearly distinguished by forensic engineers....The following paper describes some of the concepts of products liability, along with a brief history of products liability and concludes with an explanation of two of the most common causes of action-negligence and strict liability in tort.
The Forensic Engineer as the Comprehensivist
Authors: Forney Bill E.
Published: August 2021

Are you a comprehensivist ? As a forensic engineer, are you sometimes asked to be a comprehensivist? Should you aspire to be one? A comprehensivist is one who has a practical, working knowledge of many things. The term was coined by R. Buckminster Fuller and was taken from the educational philosophy of the U. S . Naval Academy. Training of future naval officers included the premise that some of the officers would eventually become admirals. An admiral might find himself as far away from home as he could get, which at that time, was half way around the world. An admiral might need to make decisions regarding any and all things such as religion, politics, science, engineering, etc. Hence, the broader and more comprehensive his training, the better he may be able to cope with being the final authority on a wide range of responsibilities. There is much to be said for sticking to your own field of expertise, for not getting in over your head and for not professing competence in areas
Forensic Engineering Analysis By Plausible Inference - Case in Point: A Building Failure
Authors: Zickel Lewis L.
Published: August 2021

A first floor resident of a seven-story multiple dwelling building complex, seated at his kitchen table, glanced out of the adjacent window at the moment the landscaped courtyard collapsed in a cloud of dust and escaping steam. It was early twilight on Christmas day. On its 1 I PM news broadcast, the local television network affiliate aired the story along with a press conference with a municipal building official. On the evening of the following day, the president of the Cooperative Board of Directors requested the writer to conduct a forensic engineering investigation to determine the cause of the collapse. At approximately the same time, the sponsor of the cooperative, acting independently, engaged a contractor to shore the surviving structure and to remove the debris from the collapse site.
The Forensic Engineer On Cross-Examination
Authors: Bratten Thomas A.
Published: August 2021

For even the most experienced forensic engineer, the prospect of a rigorous cross-examination by a skilled advocate is not a wholly pleasant idea. Yet, it may come as a surprise to learn that the attorney likely feels much the same way. Without question, a confrontation of skilled attorney with skilled engineer often has the potential for some fireworks. And as with real fireworks, one of the two protagonists could get burned. From the attorneys standpoint, there certainly is no assurance that a given question will produce the desired or expected answer. The attorney is often wading blindfolded into a field about which he knows very little. His learned and articulate opponent could drop a bomb on his case at any moment. And down the drain goes months of hard work. From the engineers standpoint, he or she may be sent against a tiger devoted to discrediting the engineer and demonstrating the fallacy of the opinion rendered. Unlike the engineering office, there is no need for
Forensic Investigation of Electrostatic Shock Injury
Authors: Rothschild Louis I.
Published: August 2021

This investigation, undertaken in 1983, involved the occurrence of an injury of a sort hitherto unreported in the technical journals. However, forensic investigation of a personal injurys causations requires a complete and open-minded determination of the circumstances of the occurrence. It can be equally as important to eliminate what did not happen as well as to reconstruct with validity how the injury took place. Thereupon, the causations of the occurrence can be identified. The injury resulted in the amputation of part of the first joint of the subjects left index finger and was followed by tissue grafts and by retarded healing and hyper sensitization of the entire hand. As an electrical systems engineer, the writer was engaged by the subjects attorney to investigate the occurrence of the injury believed to have been caused electrically.
Forensic Application of Complex Human Reactions
Authors: Meehan James B.
Published: August 2021

Complex human reaction implements the principle that the time required to perform a mental process, in some form, exerts primary control over the time required for a person to perform a physical act. There are two components of this reaction, a physical component and a mental component, Complex Mental Reaction. The mental process elements of the complex mental reaction are defined by a specific taxonomy for application. Evaluation of performance as well as comparison of alternatives is based upon real time values. Complex human reaction is the application of stimulus-response to persons in ordinary activities. The reaction includes physical and mental components. A physical response is overt, visually defined, demonstrable, and easily described by time values. Mental processes are not apparent and are difficult to describe by time values without an appropriate application of mental chronometry. Complex human reaction implements the principle that the time required to perform a m
Litigation on a Collapsed Slurry Wall as Viewed by a Product Design Engineer
Authors: Egerer Herbert
Published: August 2021

On Saturday, January 19, 1974, part of a slurry wall of a government office building, which was being constructed in downtown Omaha, Nebraska, collapsed. Miraculously, there were no personal injuries, only property damage, which was subsequently assessed at approximately 1.5 million dollars. Had the accident occurred 24 hours earlier, when approximately 30 men were working in the collapse sight and a dozen cars which on the average were stopped at the stoplights of the adjacent intersection, which collapsed with the slurry wall, this accident would have been a major catastrophe. I was originally retained to assist the attorney for the architect who designed the building, to gather as much physical data as possible and to document the location of collapsed portions of the wall, and to assist in identifying and cataloging material as it was being removed from the collapse site. But as I became more and more involved in my task, it became obvious that I would eventually be able to
Cautions For The Forensic Engineer
Authors: Woolford William A.
Published: August 2021

At first glance, it would appear that the Forensic Engineer really doesnt have much exposure from the point of view of Professional Liability. Closer examination of the nature of the practice and the clientele indicates that he does have some exposure; the exposure is real; and can be devastating. The crucial position of the engineering expert with relation to the outcome of the trial will dictate that he be fully qualified for the work he undertakes. He must have the educational background which will prepare him for the type of work to be undertaken. Additionally, he must have directly comparable (or closely related) experience which will enable him to make intelligent decisions regarding the nature of the data or evidence he will examine. Finally, he must be capable of communicating his reasoning and conclusions to the Court or the jury in terms which they can comprehend and accept.
Analysis of Wood Truss Connection Failure
Authors: Merlo George A.
Published: August 2021

On November 26, 1985, during the early morning hours, the roof structure at a recently completed shopping center in Longmont, Colorado collapsed following several days of snow and freezing rain. Fortunately, the structure was unoccupied. Photographs taken after the collapse are shown in Figures 1 and 2. Representatives from the architect and structural engineer on site immediately after the collapse conducted density measurements and determined the weight of snow to be on the order of 10.5 to 14 psf. The specified design snow load was 40 psf. Our office was contacted and arrived at the site on December 3, 1985. With a large portion of the snow melted we had to rely on the density measurements conducted by the previous investigators. However, with all of the collapsed trusses in the original failed position, we were able to obtain dimensions of the failed members. Our investigation included
Forensic Investigation of Blasting Damage
Authors: Roman Alvin J.
Published: August 2021

Determining the cause and amount of damage is the key to the whole situation. There are three (3) and only (3) types of blasting losses
The Forensic Engineer Detecting Vehicle Frauds
Authors: Roberts Robert R.
Published: August 2021

A new, or perhaps not so new, criminal professional has developed within the last few years, That is, the one of the perpetrator of vehicular accident fraud, i.e., the faking of vehicular accidents and/or the associated occupant injuries. There are many people who participate in this type of fraud as amateurs and others who operate as professionals. Basically, the purpose is to defraud insurance companies by faking and/or staging accidents and exaggerating the occupant injuries. The fraud can be carried out in one of two ways. One method is to take advantage of an opportunity when one has a minor accident and attempt to exaggerate occupant injuries. This method is usually a one-time case and is very difficult to prove as fraud. The other, and more prevalent method, is to fake the accident or stage an accident at low speed. This method is much easier to detect and prove.
Court Cases Show that Storage Battery Explosions are BLEVEs, Part II
Authors: Dixon Harry S.
Published: August 2021

Part II contains information available after the completion of the Robertson Case, Reference 6, of Part I. A Cure may be effected by following a correct connection sequence of jumper cables. Then, put the hood down and catch the safety latch! Nearby people are protected from spraying acid electrolyte and flying parts in the event of an explosion. For new auto batteries estimates using cost/benefit economics show that over $150,000,000 annual total costs from accidents would be better spent for Prevention. A simple circuit breaker or fuse with proper sensing would do the job along with correct cast instructions upon battery cases.
Evaluation of Proximity Warning Devices for Cranes
Authors: Morgan J. Derald
Published: August 2021

Extensive testing and evaluation of the proximity warning device (PWD) have clearly shown that the concept of using the measurement of the electric field to determine the relative position of a crane with respect to power lines to be flawed. PWDs tested are not dependable as their warning is, in many cases, nonrepeatable and, in some instances, totally unreliable. The devices depend entirely on a measurement of |E| to detect and warn of proximity to high voltage electric power lines. However, the typical |E| configuration produced by the presence of high voltage electric lines is subject to many variables, including but not limited to
Perancangan Antena Mikrostrip Dual Band Profil Rendah Menggunakan Teknik DGS Dan Meander Line Untuk Aplikasi GNSS
Authors: Sihombing Panangian Mahadi
Published: August 2021

Some of the parameters that are considered to measure GNSS antenna performance are polarization, polarization, bandwidth, return loss and antenna dimensions. This study aims to design a low profile dual band microstrip antenna using the Defected Ground System (DGS) and Menader Line (ML) techniques for GNSS applications. In this research, the DGS technique is used to increase the bandwidth while the ML technique is used to reduce the antenna dimensions. This antenna design uses a FR4 Epoxy substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm. To design and analyze the antenna, the CST Studio Suite 2016 simulator is used. The simulator is equipped with an optimizer feature that can optimize antenna parameters. Based on the design results, an antenna with a size of 183.6 x 183.6 x 1.6 mm3 has been produced. The antenna works in dual band, namely in the band 1247 - 1294 MHz (bandwidth - 3.70% BW) for radio navigation satellite services Glonass (G2) and Galileo (E6). And in the band 1539-1606 MHz (4.26% BW) for the Galileo (E1) flight radio navigation service, Compass and GPS (L1).

Keywords: Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), low-profile dual-band microstrip antenna, Defected Ground System (DGS) dan Meander Line (ML).
Training Teachers To Use Action Research In The Classroom
Authors: Arsen Nahum Pasaribu  , Sondang Manik  , Erika Sinambela  , Tiara K Pasaribu  , Jubil Ezer Sihite  , Rony Arahta  Sembiring  , Febrika Dwi Lestari  , Ance Juliet Panggabean
Published: August 2021

Teachers are trained in senior high schools to increase their competence in designing and implementing CAR in the classes they teach. Seven students and eight teachers from SMAN 2 Panyabungan made up the training participants for this course. On the first day, CAR planning was stressed, and on the second day, CAR implementation was detailed. The community service was conducted by 8 lecturers of Universitas HKBP Nommensen Medan, on March 5-6, 2021. The results show that teachers' understanding of the CAR cycle had increased, however they required additional training to improve their ability to collect data and do data analysis techniques.
Implementation Of Health Protocol In Preventing The Spread Of The Covid 19 Virus
Authors: Rahmadhani Fitri  , Hendra Fahruddin Siregar  , Adi Sastra Pengalaman Tarigan
Published: August 2021

Covid-19 is a positive single strain RNA virus that infects the respiratory tract. This virus spreads quickly, the only way is to prevent it. As time progressed, the conditions of transmission became more widespread and took many victims, ranging from adults, teenagers to children. This virus can attack anyone, this virus can also attack children with special needs. Children with special needs are children with special characteristics that are different from children in general without always showing mental, emotional, or physical disabilities. One of them is mental retardation. The more widespread the spread of the COVID-19 virus, the application and knowledge of health protocols must also touch the mentally retarded. This obstacle will affect them to adjust to the implementation of health protocols every day and homework for SLB C Muzdalifah to provide a safe place for students. Prepare students and teaching units in the implementation of New Normal Education. And Educate students so that they apply health protocols at all times. The approach method used in this community service is socialization through posters of health protocols and placement of hand sanitizers. Information on preventing the spread of covid 19 through posters and placing hand sanitisers in the SLB C Muzdalifah area as a reminder and teaching regularity in implementing health protocols. This information is expected to become a habit in the New Normal.
Application of Ecobrick as a Garden Hardscape Material
Authors: Hendra Fahruddin Siregar  , Rahmadhani Fitri
Published: August 2021

Ecobricks are solid plastic bottles filled with non-biological waste to make reusable building blocks. Eco-bricks is a collaboration-based technology that provides solid waste solutions at no cost to individuals, households, schools and communities. Also known as Bottle Brick or Ecoladrillo. The service method is by conducting an ecobrick workshop then making ecobrick chairs and educating about plastic waste. Ecobricks can be a hardscape material and as an artificial resource. The use of ecobricks is expected to be a change in the use of resources. The production process can be modified to allow the substitution of useless materials to be utilized.
Business Management Development Model For “Cireng Ceu Iin” Enterprises In Padasuka Village, Baros District, Serang Regency
Authors: Khaeruman  , M. Ilmi Syiraf  , Defi Mugfiroh  , Yeny Safriyana  , Fariha Maulani  , Difa Ramadani  Nurhidayati
Published: August 2021

Marketing is a business function that identifies current unmet wants and needs and manages their size, determines which target markets the organization can best serve, and determines the appropriate range of products, services and programs to serve those markets. So marketing acts as a liaison between the needs of the community and the pattern of industrial responses.This community service activity is carried out at the home of the business actor who has the address. The method used in the implementation of community service activities is business assistance.The purpose of this method is the participatory-lecture method,discussion-information and continued with direct training on making business management development models for business actors "Cireng Ceu Iin" in Padasuka Village, Baros District, Serang Regency.In a business, it is better to plan carefully both in terms of future prospects and the management system that can be done to manage the business in question. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the prospect of competition, market segmentation and the smooth running of its business. Especially for the management of the Cireng-making business, it is necessary to pay attention to the availability of raw materials in the form of sago and flour which must be processed into dough. Setting the selling price is one of the factors that must be considered in a business. Prices must be realistic but do not forget the capital spent to carry out the business in question.
New technologies in molecular allergodiagnostics
Authors: Mokronosova M. A. , Filimonova O. I. , Zheltikova Tatyana M.
Published: August 2021

The article presents the characteristics of the ALEX2 (MacroArrayDX, Wien, Austria). It is designed for simultaneous detection of IgE total and specific IgE-aB to 120 extracts and 180 molecules by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. Extracts and allergen molecules combined with nano-particles are sorbed on a solid-phase substrate, forming a macroscopic multiplex matrix - the immune allergy chip. The Institute of Clinical and Laboratory Standards (CLSI) conducted research on the verification and validation of the ALEX2 in relation to the ImmunoCAP macroarray test system (ThermoFisher Scientific, Uppsala, Sweden), which is often used in allergodiagnostics. The results obtained on the two test systems were comparable. One of the most important features of the ALEX2 test system is that unique allergen molecules and allergenic extracts are included in its composition, and a method has been found to inhibit cross-reactive hydrocarbon determinants (CCDs), which cause frequent non-specific binding of IgE-aT. The use of this test system makes it possible to carry out component allergy diagnostics with the determine of the dominant sensitizing factor in cases of mono- and polyvalent sensitization. The test results affect the determination of indications and the effectiveness of ASIT, allow assessing the risk of anaphylaxis and predicting further treatment tactics for the patient.
Helicobacter pylori infection: place of serological and cultural diagnostics in clinical guidelines
Authors: Kornoukhova L. A. , Emanuel V. L. , Denisov N. L. , Nikonov E. L.
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this work was to familiarize doctors with the methods and significance of serological and cultural diagnostics of H. pylori infection on the example of the test for diagnosing the state of the gastric mucosa «Gastropanel». Blood serum tests were performed for 1057 patients and 122 healthy people aged 18-64 years: pepsinogen I (PG I), pepsinogen II (PG II), gastrin-17 (G-17), basal/stimulated), antibodies (IgGHp) to H. pylori (Biohit Oyj, Finland). The medians of the studied group indicators did not exceed the reference intervals. 398 (34%) patients have negative H. pylori status (IgGHp-). 275 (26%) patients with serum PG I≤70 mcg/ml were identified. The ratio of PG I/II≤3 in 84 (8%), 36 of them (43% of the group PG I/II≤3) - IgGHp-.
Pelatihan Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan di Kelurahan Cibubur Jakarta Timur
Authors: Samsul Arifin  , Br Tarigan Egita Sari
Published: August 2021

Desa/Kelurahan adalah unit pemerintahan daerah terkecil, sebagai bagian integral dari akuntansi pemerintah daerah Kabupaten atau Kota dalam NKRI, maka pertanggungjawaban keuangan Desa/Kelurahan sebaiknya diatur secara nasional. Akuntabilitas merupakan salah satu asas dalam penyelenggaraan Desa. Akuntabilitas harus diterima umum, sehingga sarana pertanggungjawaban perlu diatur dengan standar nasional.

Pengelolaan keuangan menjadi salah satu aspek penting bagi kemajuan institusi. Sepanjang institusi masih menggunakan uang sebagai alat transaksi, akuntansi sangat dibutuhkan oleh institusi. Akuntansi akan memberikan beberapa manfaat, antara lain: dapat mengetahui posisi dana baik sumber maupun penggunaannya, dapat membuat anggaran yang tepat, dapat menghitung pajak, dan dapat mengetahui aliran uang tunai selama periode tertentu. Penggunaan akuntansi dapat mendukung tercapainya good corporate governance (GCG) khususnya dalam hal pengelolaan keuangan.

Berdasarkan hal diatas perlu dilakukan pelatihan bagi pegawai di kelurahan dalam hal mengelola keuangan dan menyusun laporan keuangan dengan menggunakan akuntansi. Program pelatihan yang ditawarkan berupa pelatihan akuntansi sederhana bagi pegawai kelurahan dan dapat segera diaplikasikan dalam operasionalnya.
GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGE AND SPORTS
Authors: Akhtar Shamshad , Dhanani Muhammad Rafique
Published: August 2021

Climate change is not the new phenomenon. The palaeo-climatic studies reveal that during the Pleistocene and Holocene periods several warm and cold periods occurred, resulted change of sea level and change in climatic processes like rise and fall of global average temperature and rainfall. The last medieval warm period was observed from 950 to 1350 AD, followed by the little Ice Age from 1400 to 1900 AD. Occurrence of these climatic changes and their impacts are considered due to natural processes that are geological and astronomical. In 1970s environmentalists and some climate scientists pointed that earth’s average temperature is rising linked with the anthropogenic causes of global warming and emission of carbon dioxide through fossil fuels. In late 1980s the problem was discussed in politics and media. To examine and monitor the global rise of temperature and its impacts due to the emission of carbon dioxide an organization of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was created in 1988 by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The IPCC released several reports based upon anthropogenic causes of climate change and their impacts. According to IPCC, 2007 report on climate change during the last 100 years the earth’s average temperature has increased up to 0.6 degree Celsius and if emission of greenhouse gases particularly carbon dioxide continues to rise, global temperature will rise up to 5.8 degrees Celsius by the end of 2100 AD. Similarly as a result of this threat of global warming, glaciers will disappear even from Antarctica and Arctic sea will open for navigation throughout the year. Many islands and coastal cities will submerge as a result of sea level rise. In 2004 Canadian Broadcasting T.V presented a documentary with the name “ The doomsday called off” in which leading climate scientists, astrophysicist and geophysicist presented evidences that science of global warming presented by IPCC scientists is incomplete and incorrect based upon computer models and stimulations which are deliberately exaggerated. Many climate scientists have shown disassociation with the IPCC views and speculations on the basis of its doubtful manipulated and exaggerated figures of global warming and some consider it a climate scam. Since then debate between UN pro man-made global warming scientists and anti-man-made global warming climate scientists continue.
Social and Ecological Barriers of Sports Participation by College Female Student Athletes
Authors: Javed Dr. Saeed , Naseer Dr. Abida , Naveed Qasid
Published: August 2021

The present research was aimed to determine the contribution of social and ecological barriers of the sports participation by female student athletes of Southern Punjab, Pakistan. The research was purely quantitative. Population was all female students studying in 1st year to 4th year grades. Systematic random sampling was applied to select the respondents. Initial sample size consisted of 500 female student athletes through ‘K’ value of systematic sampling belonging to 17 women colleges of Southern Punjab districts. Therefore, from the 500 survey questionnaires distributed to the female athletes, 365 were correctly completed and returned. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were employed on collected data to test the hypotheses. The findings of the research indicated that social and ecological barriers had significantly and positively contributed to the outcome variable (sports participation of female student athletes). All hypotheses were accepted at a highly significant level (0.01). It was concluded that social barriers have greater significant effects on sports participation of university female student athletes than ecological barriers.
Identification and Evaluation of the Aerobic Capacity of Athletic and Rowing Team Players of Islamabad City (The Capital of Pakistan)
Authors: Ali Muhammad Safdar , Marwat Pro.Dr. Mohibullaha Khan , Anjum Ghulam Shabbir
Published: August 2021

Aerobic capacity is dominant factor of every individual for attaining dominating performance in sports particularly to achieve optimum performance in the endurance sports. The aim of study was to assess the aerobic capacity of the players of Athletics and rowing team of Islamabad. Aerobic and anaerobic exercises can be beneficial for the fitness and depending on the intensity, duration and events.  The mechanism of respiration and heart rate is differ in aerobic and anaerobic activities. Thirty athletes from middle and long distance events of track and field age group (23.9 ± 3.0) weight (64.13 ± 7.0) and thirty players of the rowing team age group (27.9 ± 4.1) weight (81.4 ± 8.7) from the Capital city Islamabad team were selected to investigate their aerobic capacity through the PACER (Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run) test. The PACER

 

 

test for both teams was conducted at the same time and in the same conditions. The data were recorded and tabulated in respect of both the teams. The SPSS version 21 was used to analyze the data by applying individual sample t- test. It is concluded that Peak values of VO2 max of athletics team (58.81% ± 3% l/min), were significantly higher (p<0,005) than rowing team players which had (55.29 % ± 3%  l/min. Rowing players require higher degree of endurance for optimum achievements. The results indicated that peak values of VO2 max of athletics team is higher due to less body weight as compared to rowing team. Body weight has significant impact on aerobic capacity.
Physical Exercise to Combat Academic Burnout in Students
Authors: Ali Asif , Azam Muhammad , Shaikh Asad Hussain
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this analytical study was to synthesize existing evidence relating to the association of exercise or physical activity with academic burnout in students. Relevant articles were systematically and rigorously searched using ten research databases. Following screening for relevancy, ten studies (eight cross-sectional, one cohort, and one interventional) were selected to include for final synthesis. All of the cross-sectional studies had good or satisfactory quality ratings, and the cohort and interventional studies included in this review had moderate to strong quality ratings.  Six out of eight cross-sectional studies showed an inverse relationship of physical activity or exercise with academic burnout with the exception of two studies showed no significant associations. The cohort and interventional studies also demonstrated negative relationships of physical activity with academic burnout.  The findings are likely to provide some evidence that physical activity may be capable to reduce academic burnout in students.
PENERAPAN METODE MENGUBAH TEKS WAWANCARA MENJADI KARANGAN NARASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERBAHASA INGGRIS SISWA KELAS VIII A MTs NEGERI 2 PURBALINGGA SEMESTER GASAL TAHUN PELAJARAN 2019/2020
Authors: FAUZI SIS NUR MUHAMMAD
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis Karangan Narasi   siswa kelas VIII A MTsN 2 Purbalingga  dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran mengubah teks wawancara. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian tindakan kelas (Clasroom Action Research) yang dilakukan secara kolaboratif serta partisipatoris melalui tahapan perencanaan (planning), pelaksanaan tindakan (acting), pengamatan (observasi), dan refleksi (reflecting). Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII A  MTsN 2 Purbalingga  dengan jumlah 38 siswa. Obyek penelitian ini mencakup proses dan hasil. Obyek penelitian yang berupa proses adalah pelaksanaan proses penulisan karangan Narasi dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran mengubah teks wawancara  di kelas VIII A  MTsN 2 Purbalingga. Obyek yang berupa hasil adalah hasil tulisan siswa berupa karangan narasi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes dan non test. Teknik test digunakan untuk mengetahui keterampilan menulis karangan narasi siswa sesuai dengan kriteria ketuntasan minimal perorangan dan ketuntasan kalsikal. Teknik non test digunakan untuk mengetahui suasana dan proses pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan, berupa observasi, wawancara, catatan lapangan, angket, dan dokumentasi gambar. Validitas yang  digunakan dalam penelitian tindakan ini adalah validitas demokratik, proses, dialogik dan triangulasi. Penelitin ini akan menggunakan teknik analisis naratif. Hasil Penelitian tindakan kelas ini disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran menulis melalui model pembelajaran mengubah teks wawancara  dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis karangan narasi siswa kelas VIII A  MTsN 2 Purbalingga. Peningkatan keterampilan menulis narasi berbahasa Inggris  siswa ditandai : (1) hasil belajar peserta didik telah tercapai, ditunjukkan dengan nilai daya serap perorangan peserta didik pada prasiklus sebesar 63,5 meningkat pada siklus I sebesar 68,4 dan meningkat lagi pada siklus II menjadi 69,8 dan pada siklus III menjadi 75,2 melebihi target KKM yang ditentukan, yaitu 75 dan daya serap klasikal (kelas siswa pada prasiklus sebesar 28,6% meningkat pada siklus I sebesar 40% meningkat lagi pada siklus II 60% dan pada siklus III meningkat mencapai 87%. Target klasikal juga sudah melampaui krena tuntas klasikal sudah mencapai 85%. (2) Situasi belajarmengajar pada siklus I, siklus II maupun siklus III meningkat dalam aktivitas belajar mengajar yang aktif dan menyenangkan  yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya respon, perhatian, partisipasi siswa dan aktivitas guru dalam proses pembelajaran menulis narasi.
ANÁLISE CRÍTICA: EDUCAÇÃO BILÍNGUE NO BRASIL – PARTE 2
Authors: MATEUS LUCAS AMÂNCIO
Published: August 2021

Neste segundo volume de Desafios e Práticas na Educação Bilíngue no Brasil, Antonieta Megale traz uma gama muito enriquecedora de estudos abordando as principais questões que norteiam esse processo, tais como: multiletramentos, metodologias ativas e aprendizagem baseada em problemas em contextos de salas de aula bilíngues.
Measurement report: Effect of wind shear on PM10 concentration vertical structure in the urban boundary layer in a complex terrain
Authors: Sekuła Piotr , Bokwa Anita , Bartyzel Jakub , Bochenek Bogdan , Chmura Łukasz , Gałkowski Michał , Zimnoch Mirosław
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The paper shows wind shear impact on PM10 vertical profiles in Kraków, southern Poland. The data used consist of background data for two cold seasons (September 2018 to April 2019 and September 2019 to April 2020) and data for several case studies from November 2019 to March 2020. The data are
composed of PM10 measurements, model data, and wind speed and direction
data. The background model data come from operational forecast results of the AROME model. PM10 concentration in the vertical profile was measured
with a sightseeing balloon. Significant spatial variability of the wind field was found. The case studies represent the conditions with much lower wind
speed and a much higher PM10 level than the seasonal average. The inversions were much more frequent than on average too. Wind shear turned
out to be the important factor in terms of PM10 vertical profile
modification. It is generated due to the relief impact, i.e. the presence of
a large valley, blocked on one side with the hills. The analysis of
PM10 profiles from all flights allows us to distinguish three vertical zones of potential air pollution hazards within the valley (about 100 m deep) and the city of Kraków: (1) up to about 60 m a.g.l. – the zone where
during periods of low wind speed, air pollution is potentially the highest
and the duration of such high levels is the longest, i.e. the zone with the
worst aerosanitary conditions; (2) about 60–100 m a.g.l. – transitional zone
where the large decrease in PM10 levels with height is observed; (3) above 100–120 m a.g.l. – the zone where air quality is significantly better than in zone 1, either due to the increase in the wind speed or due to
the wind direction change and advection of different, clean air masses.
Characterization of aerosol number size distributions and their effect on cloud properties at Syowa Station, Antarctica
Authors: Hara Keiichiro , Nishita-Hara Chiharu , Osada Kazuo , Yabuki Masanori , Yamanouchi Takashi
Published: August 2021

Abstract. We took aerosol measurements at Syowa Station,
Antarctica, to characterize the aerosol number–size distribution and other aerosol physicochemical properties in 2004–2006. Four modal structures
(i.e., mono-, bi-, tri-, and quad-modal) were identified in aerosol size
distributions during measurements. Particularly, tri-modal and quad-modal
structures were associated closely with new particle formation (NPF). To
elucidate where NPF proceeds in the Antarctic, we compared the aerosol size
distributions and modal structures to air mass origins computed using
backward trajectory analysis. Results of this comparison imply that aerosol
size distributions involved with fresh NPF (quad-modal distributions) were
observed in coastal and continental free troposphere (FT; 12 % of days)
areas and marine and coastal boundary layers (1 %) during
September–October and March and in coastal and continental FT (3 %) areas and marine and coastal boundary layers (8 %) during
December–February. Photochemical gaseous products, coupled with ultraviolet
(UV) radiation, play an important role in NPF, even in the Antarctic
troposphere. With the existence of the ozone hole in the Antarctic
stratosphere, more UV radiation can enhance atmospheric chemistry, even near
the surface in the Antarctic. However, linkage among tropospheric aerosols
in the Antarctic, ozone hole, and UV enhancement is unknown. Results
demonstrated that NPF started in the Antarctic FT already at the end of
August–early September by UV enhancement resulting from the ozone hole.
Then, aerosol particles supplied from NPF during periods when the ozone hole
appeared to grow gradually by vapor condensation, suggesting modification of
aerosol properties such as number concentrations and size distributions in
the Antarctic troposphere during summer. Here, we assess the hypothesis that
UV enhancement in the upper troposphere by the Antarctic ozone hole modifies
the aerosol population, aerosol size distribution, cloud condensation nuclei
capabilities, and cloud properties in Antarctic regions during summer.
High-affinity tamoxifen analogues retain extensive positional disorder when bound to calmodulin
Authors: Milanesi Lilia , Trevitt Clare R. , Whitehead Brian , Hounslow Andrea M. , Tomas Salvador , Hosszu Laszlo L. P. , Hunter Christopher A. , Waltho Jonathan P.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Using a combination of NMR and fluorescence measurements, we have investigated the structure and dynamics of the complexes formed
between calcium-loaded calmodulin (CaM) and the potent breast cancer inhibitor idoxifene, a derivative of tamoxifen. High-affinity binding (Kd∼300 nM) saturates with a 2:1 idoxifene:CaM complex.
The complex is an ensemble where each idoxifene molecule is predominantly in
the vicinity of one of the two hydrophobic patches of CaM but, in contrast
with the lower-affinity antagonists TFP, J-8, and W-7, does not substantially occupy the hydrophobic pocket. At least four idoxifene orientations per domain of CaM are necessary to satisfy the intermolecular nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) restraints, and this requires that the idoxifene molecules switch rapidly between positions. The CaM molecule is predominantly in the form where the N and
C-terminal domains are in close proximity, allowing for the idoxifene molecules to contact both domains simultaneously. Hence, the 2:1
idoxifene:CaM complex illustrates how high-affinity binding occurs without the loss of extensive positional dynamics.
Clima de aula y rendimiento académico: apuntes en torno al contexto universitario
Authors: León Quinapallo Ximena Patricia , Mendoza Yépez Marlene Margarita , Gilar Corbi Raquel
Published: August 2021

El rendimiento académico es una variable considerada en la dimensión de calidad educativa en las universidades, y su consecución se vincula a múltiples factores, algunos de los cuales están orientados a las condiciones del ambiente o clima de aula. El presente trabajo es de naturaleza documental y tiene el propósito de disertar sobre algunos apuntes teóricos que abordan la vinculación entre el clima de aula y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes en contextos universitarios. Partiendo del acercamiento conceptual polisémico y muldimensional del clima de aula, se entiende el rendimiento académico desde una condición subjetiva individual y colectiva, de allí que en atención al “comportamiento” de variedad de factores, tales como la comunicación, la participación, la motivación, la confianza, la planificación académica, el liderazgo y la creatividad del docente, el clima de aula puede ser positivo o poco favorecedor de los logros de aprendizaje. A manera de conclusión se destaca el significado del rol del docente, y la necesidad de prestar atención a otros factores como la gestión institucional universitaria y a la motivación personal del estudiante.