bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of soluble thrombomodulin contents in blood serum of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: gender dependence
Authors: Ogurkova O. N. , Suslova T. E. , Lugacheva Yu. G. , Dragunova M. A. , Sitkova E. S. , Batalov R. E.
Published: January 2025

Recent studies have demonstrated increased interest in development of new laboratory methods for assessing the risk of thromboembolic complications in atrial fibrillation. Soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) is one of the biomarkers that exhibit important anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant and antifibrinolytic properties and are involved in maintenance of vascular homeostasis. Our objective was to study the contents of soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) in blood serum of the patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation receiving anticoagulant therapy with a history of thrombotic complications versus a group of patients with atrial fibrillation without thrombotic complications. The study included 60 patients over 18 years of age diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, which was verified according to clinical recommendations, who received anticoagulant therapy. Of this group, 21 patients developed thrombotic complications during adequate anticoagulant therapy. 22 healthy volunteers were also included into the study. Evaluation of soluble thrombomodulin in blood serum was carried out by ELISA technique using the facilities at the Center for Collective Use “Medical Genomics” of the Tomsk National Research Medical Center. All the examined patients were divided into 2 groups: a group of patients with atrial fibrillation without thrombotic complications (TC), and a group of patients with atrial fibrillation who developed TC. The sTM content in blood serum of patients with thrombotic complications was reduced, when compared with results obtained in patients without thrombotic complications, and among healthy volunteers. Analysis of the sTM level in men and women in groups of patients and in healthy volunteers showed that the values of this serum biomarker were lower in female patients with atrial fibrillation and TC, when compared with women from the group of patients without TC and with healthy females. Moreover, the content of soluble thrombomodulin prove to be reduced in men with thrombosis compared to healthy males. A comparative analysis of sTM levels in women and men in all groups did not reveal statistically significant differences. In the studied group of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation receiving anticoagulant therapy, a decrease in sTM levels was noted in the subgroup of patients with TC.
Association of tumor cell differentiation with cytokine-producing reserve in luminal and nonluminal subtypes of breast cancer
Authors: Mangazeeva E. D. , Studenikina A. A. , Ryzhikova S. L. , Autenshlyus A. I.
Published: January 2025

There is a direct association between the functional, morphologic and biochemical atypic features of cellular tumor expression and malignancy. Five molecular-genetic subtypes of breast cancer are recognized. The most aggressive course is known to be characterized by non-luminal subtypes, in particular, a triplenegative breast cancer. The aim of this research is to determine the association between the percentage of the cells showing distinct differentiation types, and cytokine production by breast cancer bioptates in both luminal and non-luminal breast cancer subtypes. Bioptates of 49 women with the invasive breast carcinoma of nonspecific type, at the average age of 59 years, were used as the material for the study. The patients were divided into three groups according to the molecular-genetic subtype of cancer. Group I included patients with luminal subtype A, group II – with luminal B and group III – with non-luminal subtypes of breast cancer. Spontaneous and in vitro stimulated by polyclonal activators production of cytokines was evaluated. The level of cytokineproducing reserve by the biopsy specimens was expressed as the influence index of polyclonal activators, due to its accuracy, thus making it possible to avoid errors due to the similar sizes of bioptates from each patient and their incubation conditions. The percentage of tumor cells of varying degrees of differentiation in the samples was assessed using light microscopy by means of the Nottingham grading system. When assessing spontaneous and stimulated production of cytokines, as well as degree of cell differentiation of tumor samples, direct and reverse correlations were revealed between the study groups. The most important parameter was the influence index of the polyclonal activator which characterized production of IL-10 and VEGF-A by the bioptates. Therefore, we can provide personalized information for each patient, in particular, for these two cytokines, even before starting the treatment.The analysis of ROC-curves showed good quality and optimal level of cytokine concentration and percentage of low-differentiated cells. This approach could predict the presence of unfavorable non-luminal breast cancer subtypes in the best way. In general, we can make a conclusion that cytokine-producing reserve is connected with cellular differentiation and depends on molecular-genetic subtype of the tumor.
Effects of the DEFB1-20G>A and DEFB1-52G>A gene polymorphism on the level of beta 1 defensin (DEFB1) in young adults with community-acquired pneumonias
Authors: Zagalaev B. T. , Miromanova N. A. , Miromanov A. M.
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of DEFB1-20G>A and the DEFB1- 52G>A gene polymorphisms on the expression of DEFB1 in military-age patients with a history of communityacquired pneumonia. A survey of 160 unrelated patients of military age (18-20 years), Caucasian origin was carried out. The first group (n = 80) included the patients with COVID-19 infection complicated by mild pneumonia (n = 40) and severe pneumonia (n = 40). The second group was taken for clinical comparison (n = 80) included the patients with acute respiratory infection (ARI) of non-influenza etiology, complicated by mild pneumonia (n = 40) and severe pneumonia (n = 40). The control group consisted of 86 practically healthy men of the same age. Exclusion criteria were as follows: presence of family relations; patients with acute and/or chronic concomitant pathology. Research methods included clinical laboratory techniques (immunological testing of DEFB1 using a set of ELISA reagents Cloud-Clone Corp. (USA); genetic (polymorphism of the DEFB1-20G>A gene, DEFB1-52G>A gene) with standard primer sets of Litech-SNP (Russia); instrumental examination (computed tomography). The studies were carried out upon admission to the hospital. Statistical evaluation was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics Version 25.0 software package (IBM, USA). Predominance of -20A- alleles and genotypes was established -20A/A and -52A/A of the DEFB1 gene variants in the patients with development of severe pneumonia associated with COVID-19 infection. There was an increase in the DEFB1 content in the group with COVID-19 infection by 1.1 times compared with the ARI group, and a 1.5-fold increase against the control group. The changed levels of DEFВ1 associated with severity of community-acquired pneumonia were also characterized by its 1.7-fold increase in the group with a severe clinical course in presence of COVID-19 infection, and by 1.2 times in patients with ARI. The DEFB1 concentration increases significantly in the carriers of DEFB1 -20A/A and -52A/A genotypes. In patients of military age with community-acquired pneumonia, an increased concentration of DEFВ1 is registered, with highest values observed in the group with severe pneumonia due to COVID-19. Carriage of -20A/A and -52A/A genotypes of DEFB1 gene is associated with increased contents of DEFB1. Presence of -20A alleles, -20A/A, and -52A/A genotypes of the DEFB1 genes is associated with severe community-acquired pneumonia associated with COVID-19 infection in patients of military age.
Experimental study of the effects of benz(a)pyrene and Chlorella growth factor in vivo associated with cellular clusters of innate and adaptive immunity
Authors: Shirinkina A. S. , Dolgikh O. Vladimirovich
Published: January 2025

Benz(a)pyrene is a first hazard class aromatic compound which exerts carcinogenic, mutagenic, hematotoxic, and immunotropic effects. The study of cell clusters influenced in vivo by exogenous haptens using laboratory mice as a model object allows us to expand knowledge about the mechanisms and features of immunotropic effects induced by benzo(a)pyrene. The experimental series involved 12 female outbred white mice. The concentration of benzo(a)pyrene for a single dose was 6 μg/L, To neutralize its effects, the Chlorella growth factor (CGF) concentrate was used as an adaptogen, which was consistently administered over 4 weeks at a dose of 60-70 mlns/mL of living cells. Both substances were administered via oral tube in a volume of 1 mL. The study of cell phagocytosis was carried out by the method of V.N. Kaplin. Analysis of the total number of leukocytes and lymphocytes was carried out using a hematology analyzer. The study of cell differentiation clusters was carried out using flow cytometry. Microsoft® Office Excel and Statistica 6.0 programs were used for statistical evaluation. Results: subchronic intoxication with benzo(a) pyrene under the in vivo experimental conditions led to significant modification of cellular immunity, exhibiting a phenotype of deficient innate cellular immunity factors, and imbalance of adaptive cellular immunity with a predominant inhibition of apoptotic activity (CD95+) and modeling of integrin- and VEGFmediated events (CD11a, CD309). Sequential intake of the natural modifier (CGF) was characterized by normalization of phagocytic activity and alleviation of benzo(a)pyrene-induced effects. Conclusions of the study are limited by small number of experimental sample, The in vivo experiment have shown an imbalanced pattern of nonspecific and adaptive cellular immunity, associated with granulocyte changes caused by benzo(a)pyrene along with disturbed control of cell proliferation alleviated by CGF. The intake of the CGF complex led to optimization of immune system as shown by a number of indexes, along with positively modified immunotropic effects of benzo(a)pyrene with cancelled suppression of granulocytic and integrin-associated lymphoid lineages, which provides, mostly, phagocytosis protection, as well as antiapoptotic and integrin-mimetic effects.
Gene-gene interactions of cytokines and C-reactive protein in psoriasis in residents of Kemerovo region
Authors: Romanova E. L. , Shabaldin A. V. , Belov E. G. , Striga L. V. , Yakovleva A. A. , Shevchenko E. A. , Shabaldina E. V.
Published: January 2025

Psoriasis is the most common inflammatory skin disease, affecting on average 2-4% of the world’s population. Currently, psoriasis is considered a multifactorial disease occurring in genetically predisposed individuals under the influence of various environmental factors that trigger a disrupted immune response via complex inflammatory cascades. The disease is initiated and maintained by the mutual interaction of cells of innate and adaptive immunity, primarily, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes and keratinocytes. Their leading role may alternate at different stages of the disease and proceeds, mainly, at the IL-23/Th17 pathway. To date, many gene polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the development of psoriasis have been described. To understand the pathophysiology of psoriasis as a complex autoinflammatory disease, it seems interesting to study the intergenic interactions between polymorphic gene variants of cytokines and C-reactive protein related to the risk of psoriasis development. The aim of our study was to investigate intergenic interactions of polymorphic variants of IL1β (rs16944), IL6 (rs1554606), IL8 (rs2227306), IL10 (rs1800896), TNFα (rs361525), CRP (rs1205) genes associated with altered risk of psoriasis development among the Kemerovo Region residents. We examined 175 patients with ordinary papular plaque psoriasis of moderate severity, with progressive course of the disorder. The control group (n = 155) was recruited from conditionally healthy, age-matched donors. Genotyping was performed by PCR using TaqMan probes (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA), by means of the detection amplifier ViiATM 7 Real-Time PCR System (Life Technologies, USA), for the following polymorphic variants of genes: IL1β (rs16944), IL6 (rs1554606), IL8 (rs2227306), IL10 (rs1800896), TNFα (rs361525), CRP (rs1205). Intergenic interactions were analyzed using Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (MDR). The common papulosis-plaque psoriasis was found to be associated with individual polymorphic variants of cytokine and CRP genes as well as with gene-gene interactions. Concerning individual polymorphic gene variants, the association strength (% entropy) with common papulosis-plaque psoriasis was as follows: TNFα_ rs361525 (16.99% entropy), IL1β_rs16944 (6.40% entropy), CRP_rs1205 (2.55% entropy), IL6_rs1554606 (1.11% entropy), IL10_rs1800896 (0.57% entropy), IL8_rs2227306 (0.30% entropy). We have found that IL6 (rs1554606) and IL8 (rs2227306) showed marked synergism, as well as moderate synergism of CRP (rs1205) and IL10 (rs1800896), and pronounced antagonism of IL1β (rs16944) and TNFα (rs361525).
HIV prevention among adolescents travestis and transgender women in three Brazilian capitals, 2019-2023
Authors: Leite Beo Oliveira , Magno Laio , Greco Dirceu , Grangeiro Alexandre , Dourado Ines
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT Objective To describe HIV prevention strategies and gender-based discrimination among adolescent travestis and transgender women. Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving 148 adolescent travestis and transgender women aged 15 to 19 years in Salvador, Bahia state, São Paulo, São Paulo state, and Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais state, conducted between February 2019 and March 2023. Fisher’s exact test was performed to assess differences between prevention strategies and gender-based discrimination within healthcare services. Results 18.9 % reported engaging in receptive anal sex using condom in the past 6 months; 62.2% had undergone HIV test at least once in their lifetime; and 88.5% had started pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV. Adolescents aged 15 to 17 years with previous experiences of discrimination in healthcare services had undergone fewer HIV tests in their lifetime or had started PrEP less frequently. Conclusion There is an urgent need for the implementation of public policies that eradicate gender-based discrimination and expand access to HIV prevention.
Os desafios para a promoção da saúde no SUS: análise do financiamento federal de custeio do Programa Academia da Saúde de 2021 a 2024
Authors: Fortunato Brasil de Carvalho Fabio , Parreira Fernanda Ramos , Bocalini Danilo Sales , Vieira Leonardo Araújo
Published: January 2025

O Programa Academia da Saúde (PAS), uma estratégia de promoção da saúde, tem no financiamento um desafio, assim os objetivos foram apresentar o número de polos construídos, credenciados e pagos, bem como analisar a evolução temporal e a distribuição regional e nacional do custeio do PAS, de 2021 e 2024. Por meio de estudo descritivo exploratório, de característica quantitativa, verificou-se o aumento do número de polos construídos, com o mesmo não ocorrendo em relação aos credenciados. O valor total anual dos recursos de custeio foi de até R$50,1 milhões e a região Nordeste teve a maior proporção de polos credenciados e pagos. Em conclusão, foram reveladas sérias limitações para efetivar os objetivos do PAS, em especial o baixo número de polos credenciados.
Vulnerabilidade da mulher à ansiedade na pandemia da covid-19: revisão sistemática
Authors: Santos-Souza Maria Heloísa , Silva-Ferraz Brenda Fernanda Pereira da , Faro André
Published: January 2025

Este artigo teve como objetivo reunir pesquisas acerca da vulnerabilidade das mulheres em relação à ansiedade durante a pandemia da Covid-19. O método consistiu em uma revisão de escopo. Foram utilizadas as bases de dados Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, PubMed, Scielo e Pepsic. O protocolo PRISMA e a plataforma Rayyan foram utilizados para a seleção dos estudos. Após a leitura dos títulos, resumos e textos na íntegra, com a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 11 artigos compuseram a amostra final. Os resultados foram dispostos em duas categorias: (1) fatores de risco sociais e (2) fatores de risco comportamentais, psicológicos e psicopatológicos. Identificou-se que 80% dos estudos investigaram aspectos sociais de vulnerabilidade da mulher à ansiedade. A preocupação com a perda do emprego, a violência doméstica, a solidão, ter diagnósticos prévios de transtornos mentais e o consumo de álcool e tabaco foram fatores associados aos sintomas ansiosos. Os achados desta investigação contribuem para a compreensão do sofrimento psicológico feminino durante o cenário pandêmico. Conclui-se que a prevenção da ansiedade deve considerar as informações disponíveis sobre os fatores de risco a que as mulheres estão expostas.
THE ADEQUACY OF PRENATAL CARE IN A SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL
Authors: Dos Santos Mottecy Clarice , Molz Patrícia , Montagner Rossi Raquel , Dos Santos Riesgo Itamar , Piovezan Ramos João Francisco , Prá Daniel , Rech Franke Silvia Isabel
Published: January 2025

Introduction: the purpose of prenatal care is to identify risk factors in a timely manner in order to take action to prevent disease and maintain a high level of attention to maternal and child health during pregnancy. While there has been increasing quality and access to maternal health care globally, many times the level of adequacy of Prenatal Care is unfortunately inappropriate or insufficient. Objective: to evaluate the adequacy of prenatal care for puerperae of the Basic Health Network in a Southern Brazilian University Hospital and associated it with sociodemographic and health determinants. Method: prospective cross-sectional study, with information obtained through a questionnaire/interview, medical record and the pregnant card of the mothers admitted to the Obstetrics Service in a Southern Brazilian University Hospital. Results: overall, 61.1% of the women reported starting prenatal care before the 14th-week of pregnancy, with prenatal care considered as adequate in 67.0% of women. Adequate prenatal care was associated with first pregnancy, planned pregnancy and higher gestational age. Inadequate prenatal care, on the other hand, was associated with a higher number of pregnancies, low education, lower gestational age, and an incomplete prenatal booklet. Conclusion: inadequate prenatal care was associated with multiparity, educational level, gestational age and an incomplete prenatal booklet.
ÍNDICE DE MASSA CORPORAL EM ESTUDANTES: análise para avaliação nutricional e estímulo ao comportamento ativo
Authors: Soares Kátia , Rockenbach Tarouco Liane Margarida , Silva Patrícia Fernanda
Published: January 2025

Introdução: o artigo investiga a influência da tecnologia para avaliar o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), funcionando como elemento catalisador de conscientização e motivação dos alunos em relação à importância da atividade física para sua saúde atual e futura. Objetivo: analisar a utilidade, as facilidades e as atitudes relacionadas ao uso do aplicativo de medição do Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) para avaliar o estado nutricional do estudante, aliado à caminhada e às atividades práticas habituais da Educação Física, a fim de dar sentido à necessidade de um estilo de vida ativo.  Método: pesquisa de estudo de caso com análise de dados repetidos com o mesmo grupo e abordagem mista. Resultados: os resultados sugerem que ao utilizar o aplicativo, os estudantes obtiveram melhor conhecimento e compreensão sobre a relação entre peso e altura, devido ao feedback fornecido. No entanto, não houve diferenças estatísticas significativas entre o pré-teste e o pós-teste e não apresentaram correlação com o IMC.  Conclusão: com essa experiência, eles se sentiram mais capacitados para tomar decisões e cuidar da própria saúde, demonstrando aumento na literacia em saúde.
CESARIANAS E FATORES RELACIONADOS: contexto de um município de médio porte de 2010 a 2019
Authors: Forster Halmenschlager Isabel Helena , De Campos Deivis , Linhares Garcia Edna
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: analisar fatores que podem influenciar na determinação das taxas de cesarianas em um município de médio porte do Rio Grande do Sul, entre janeiro de 2010 e dezembro de 2019. Método: pesquisa ecológica, de caráter quantitativo, longitudinal e descritivo. Os dados foram obtidos através do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). Trata-se de um órgão da Secretaria de Gestão Estratégica e Participativa do Ministério da Saúde, com a responsabilidade de coletar, processar e disseminar informações sobre saúde, no período de 2010 a 2019, referentes à cidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, 13ª Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde (13ª CRS), estado do Rio Grande do Sul e Brasil. Foi utilizado análise estatística. Resultados: constatou-se que, no período analisado, o município realizou em média 69,43% de cesarianas; na 13ª CRS, 67,90%; no RS, 61,74% e, no Brasil, a taxa foi de 55,53%. Além disso, discutiram-se os fatores que foram citados acima que podem influenciar na ocorrência de cesariana. Conclusão: o município analisado liderou a percentagem de cesarianas realizadas no período de 10 anos analisados, em comparação à 13ª CRS, ao Rio Grande do Sul e ao Brasil, em qualquer fator analisado.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE USUÁRIOS DOMICILIADOS EM UMA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA
Authors: Velasques Vieira da Rosa Maria Victória , Aléxis Skupien Jonas
Published: January 2025

Introdução: A Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) é fundamental no cuidado da população adscrita do território, sendo a base e o principal meio de acesso do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). O termo domiciliado classifica as pessoas que em decorrência de alguma incapacidade temporária ou definitiva permanecem no domicílio, e não conseguem deslocar-se até a Unidade de Saúde. Objetivo: caracterizar os usuários domiciliados de uma ESF na região central do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Método: estudo do tipo transversal descritivo com abordagem quanti-qualitativa, aplicado em uma ESF. Foi utilizado o questionário Mini Mental (MEEM), questionário sociodemográfico em formato entrevista semi-estruturada com questões fechadas e abertas sobre percepção de saúde e o Índice de Lawton e Brody. Resultados: a amostra foi de nove indivíduos, com faixa etária variada e predomínio de mulheres. A maioria da amostra possui baixa escolaridade, histórico de trabalhos braçais e renda de até dois salários-mínimos. Os indivíduos mais velhos obtiveram uma combinação de Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) e a depressão e ansiedade foram comuns nas diferentes faixas etárias. Na percepção à saúde os indivíduos relacionaram a concepção de saúde com ausência de dor, independência nas tarefas diárias e ao bem-estar. Na escala Lawton e Brody foi observado impacto no desempenho de atividades cotidianas, funcionalidade e necessidade de suporte familiar. Conclusão: estratégias de acompanhamento são necessárias, atuando como alicerce no processo de saúde e doença. Os dados são relevantes para traçar planos de cuidado, ampliando a visão dos profissionais no direcionamento de práticas de saúde.
Preliminary Spectrographic Investigation of Germanium in Kansas Coal
Authors: Schleicher John A. , Hambleton William W.
Published: January 2025

A detailed spectrographic method for determining the germanium content of coal is described and the results of analyses of 6 Kansas coals at 24 different locations are reported. The 6 coals sampled were the Mulberry, Mulky, Bevier, Croweburg, Mineral, and Pilot. No definite conclusions are made as to geographic or stratigraphic variation in germanium content. The concentration of germanium in the coal ash ranges from 0.0036 to 0.0680 percent, and in the total coal from 0.00069 to 0.00480 percent.
Fossil Jellyfishes from Kansas Pennsylvanian Rocks and Elsewhere
Authors: Harrington H.J. , Moore R.C.
Published: January 2025

A new Pennsylvanian genus of jellyfishes, Crucimedusina, tentatively is referred to the order Hydroida. New genera of Scyphomedusae include Duodecimedusina, established for one new Devonian and two new Pennsylvanian species, and Quadrimedusina, for a Jurassic species. A new class of coelenterates, Dipleurozoa, and new order, Dickinsoniida, are established, to include the new family Dickinsoniidae, based on Dickinsonia Sprigg, a new species of which also is described.
Chemical Composition of Eastern Kansas Limestones
Authors: Runnels Russell T. , Schleicher John A.
Published: January 2025

Results of a study of the composition of 325 samples of limestone from the eastern third of Kansas are presented. Included are chemical analyses for the major constituents of all samples and spectrographic analyses of the minor constituents of 288 of the samples. Special emphasis is placed on the suitability of the limestones for various industrial and agricultural uses, depending upon their composition.
Petrology of the Nodaway Underclay (Pennsylvanian), Kansas
Authors: McMillan N.J.
Published: January 2025

The underclay of the Nodaway coal of the Wabaunsee group (Pennsylvanian), in Kansas has been studied with the object of determining its origin. Samples were collected from the underclay and some of the shales next below at 39 localities at approximately 5-mile intervals across Kansas from the Oklahoma border to the Nebraska border. In northeastern Kansas in the position of the Forest City basin the underclay is ash gray and plastic, but in southern Kansas on the Bourbon arch it is yellowish gray, not as plastic, and generally thinner.
Data obtained from mechanical, chemical, and x-ray analyses, and microscopic study of the very fine sand show that the underclay has a different mineralogical assemblage on the Bourbon arch than in the Forest City basin. Furthermore, in most places, the shale is markedly different from the overlying clay.
In the Forest City basin the Nodaway underclay contains illite, kaolinite, and mixed-layer illite-montmorillonite whereas the underlying shale lacks mixed-layer illite-montmorillonite, but has chlorite or chlorite-like clay. The poorly developed underclay on the Bourbon arch more closely resembles the underlying shale. Mechanical analyses show that the underclay in the Forest City basin is finer grained than the shale, and the reverse is true on the Bourbon arch.
Potassium is most concentrated in the topmost portion of the underclay, at the seven localities from which samples were chemically analyzed. Furthermore, where the coal is thick the amount of potassium is greater than under thin coal.
A comparison was made between Nodaway underclay and modern gley (bleached layer under peat), which develops beneath allochthonous peat or autochthonous peat. It is postulated that underclay is "fossil" gley. The characteristics of gley and underclay are due to action of organic compounds that have moved downward from the peat by diffusion. Biotite has been altered to chlorite in the poorly developed underclay, but the "gleying" process has altered chlorite to mixed-layer illite-montmorillonite in the well-developed underclay.
Ground-Water Resources of the Ladder Creek Area in Kansas / with a Section on the Chemical Quality of Water
Authors: Bradley Edward , Johnson Carlton , Krieger Robert A.
Published: January 2025

This report describes the geology and hydrology of the drainage basin of Ladder Creek in western Kansas. The area investigated includes approximately 1,930 square miles and lies almost entirely within the High Plains section of the Great Plains physiographic province. The easternmost part is in the Plains Border section. Broad upland areas constitute the greatest part of the region under investigation. These upland areas are flat loess-covered plains sloping approximately 10 feet to the mile from west to east and containing many undrained depressions.
The outcropping rocks are sedimentary and range in age from Cretaceous to Quaternary. The Niobrara formation and Pierre shale form a nearly impervious floor beneath the Ladder Creek area, over which have been deposited the Ogallala formation of the Tertiary, and in places, younger deposits of the Quaternary. The principal water-bearing formation is the Ogallala.
The major stream in the area is South Fork of Smoky Hill River, which rises about 35 miles west of the Kansas-Colorado line and flows eastward through most of the area. Ladder Creek is the principal tributary entering this stretch of Smoky Hill River from the south. The flow of Ladder Creek is maintained principally by ground-water discharge from the Ogallala formation through the alluvial valley fill.
Measured depths to water in wells in the Ladder Creek area range from less than 1 foot to 246 feet. In most of the upland area the depth to water ranges from 80 to 150 feet. Transmissibility values obtained from two aquifer tests of the Ogallala formation are 15,000 and 40,000 gpd per foot. An aquifer test of the Sanborn and Meade formations gives a value for transmissibility of about 130,000 gpd per foot.
Deep-well irrigation is in the initial phase despite the great increase in the acreage of irrigated lands in the area in the last few years. The U. S. Bureau of Reclamation has estimated that 435,000 acres of land can be irrigated economically in the area. At the time of this investigation in 1951 about 26,000 acres, or about 6 percent, was developed, of which about 18,000 acres was irrigated annually by about 18,000 acre-feet of ground water.
The ground water in the Ogallala formation, though generally hard, is suitable for most purposes. Calcium and bicarbonate in the water range in concentration from 33 to 84 ppm and 170 to 248 ppm, respectively. The water from the Niobrara Formation contains more dissolved solids than water from the Ogallala formation.
Sandstones of the Douglas and Pedee Groups in Northeastern Kansas
Authors: Sanders Donald T.
Published: January 2025

Sandstones of the Douglas and Pedee Groups (Upper Pennsylvanian) in northeastern Kansas occupy definite channel-like trends, which are interpreted as being ancient river valleys. Isolith maps of sandstones above and below the Haskell Limestone show major features of this drainage pattern and indicate that little or no sandstone is present in much of the area. The deepest channel (i.e., trend of thickest sandstone) above the Haskell Limestone trends in an irregular westerly direction across Wabaunsee, Osage, and Franklin counties, and main sandstone deposition below the Haskell Limestone was in a deep channel extending southwestward through Douglas, Franklin, Osage, Coffey, Lyon, and Greenwood counties. Sandstone as much as 160 feet thick was found in each of these stratigraphic units.
A few samples of Ireland and Tonganoxie Sandstone, the most important units in the sequence, were analyzed, and all samples were found to have similar physical characteristics. Fine to very fine sand is predominant in both sandstones, but the Ireland contains a larger percentage of silt. Subangular to angular quartz grains make up 90 to 95 percent of the volume of all samples, the remainder being composed of muscovite, some tourmaline, and rare chlorite grains. Permeability is uniformly low, although both of these sandstones are important aquifers in northeastern Kansas.
Results of this study should aid in locating new sources of ground water and possibly in developing underground storage reservoirs for surface water.
Coal Resources of the Cherokee Group in Eastern Kansas. I. Mulky Coal
Authors: Schoewe Walter H.
Published: January 2025

The Mulky coal is the uppermost coal in the Cherokee Group of rocks (Pennsylvanian). It occurs in Bourbon and Crawford counties, Kansas, where it has been mined, either by stripping or by drifting into the hillsides, only along the edge of the Fort Scott Limestone escarpment. Where mined, the Mulky coal is 7 to 22 inches thick, but averages only 12 inches. Mulky coal is classified as bituminous coal of high volatile A to B rank. Ash content is 10 to 25 percent, volatile matter 30 to 36 percent, moisture less than 2 percent, sulfur 3 to 6 percent, and heating value (moisture free basis) 10,000 to 13,000 Btu. Of the 3,582,630 tons of Mulky coal estimated and computed to have been mined, Bourbon County produced 2,415,360 tons and Crawford County 1,167,270 tons. Measured coal reserves 12 to 22 inches thick are estimated to underlie an area of 21,159 acres, all but 366 acres of which is in Bourbon County, and to total 47,020,450 tons. Indicated reserves underlie 53,679 acres, all in Bourbon County, and total 126,416,550 tons. Recoverable measured Mulky coal is estimated at 35,265,388 tons.
Sources of Error in Thermoluminescence Studies
Authors: McNellis Jesse M.
Published: January 2025

Controlled sampling techniques were applied to a small block of limestone from which solid samples and three grain-size fractions were examined. Data from artificial and natural glow curves were analyzed graphically and statistically.
The most satisfactory grain size for future thermoluminescence studies was found to range from 74 to 125 microns. Significantly more thermoluminescence was obtained from samples heated in a nitrogen atmosphere because the filtering effect of oxidized iron was eliminated. After elimination of the filtering effect, iron still inhibited thermoluminescence. The reliability of the nitrogen atmosphere glow curves was approximately equal to that of the normal atmosphere glow curves. Lateral and vertical variations exist in the limestone within short distances and are thought to be dependent primarily upon the trace element content of the material examined.
Geology and Structure of Cheyenne Bottoms, Barton County, Kansas
Authors: Bayne Charles K.
Published: January 2025

Cheyenne Bottoms, in east-central Barton County, Kansas, is a basin-like feature, elliptical in shape, the origin of which has not been satisfactorily explained. Several hypotheses have been presented to explain the origin of the feature. Haworth (1897) was the first to write on the origin of Cheyenne Bottoms and attributed the feature to stream erosion. Johnson (1901) advanced the theory that Cheyenne Bottoms was a basin of subsidence caused by removal of soluble masses of salt within the underlying rock. He noted that the gap in the rock wall on the southeast side of the basin did not favor this theory of origin. Bass (1926) prepared a map of salt thickness in western Kansas that shows thinning of the salt beds beneath Cheyenne Bottoms. He (Bass, 1926) believed that this tended to confirm Johnson's theory of salt solution as the cause of the basin-like feature. Latta (1950) indicated that salt solution and subsidence may have been in part responsible for the feature, but also indicated that stream erosion during the Pleistocene played an important part in its origin and present configuration.
COCORP seismic-reflection profiling in northeastern Kansas
Authors: Serpa Laura , Setzer Tom , Brown Larry
Published: January 2025

COCORP deep seismic-reflection profiles in northeastern Kansas reveal a structurally complex Proterozoic crust, in which most prominent is the central basin and related features of the Keweenawan rift. The 40-km (24-mi)-wide rift basin is asymmetric, reaching a maximum depth of 8 km (5 mi) on its western side. The basin fill is characterized by a lower, layered sequence of strong west-dipping reflectors which may correlate with middle Keweenawan interbedded volcanic and clastic rocks exposed in the Lake Superior region. Overlying this layered sequence is a zone of weak, discontinuous reflectors correlated here with the predominantly clastic rocks which characterize the upper Keweenawan sequence near Lake Superior. The reflection character of the seismic data, the seismic-velocity distribution, and gravity modeling suggest that mafic intrusions lie beneath the main rift basin. Normal faults associated with the rift dip at moderate angles to the east. Palinspastic reconstruction indicates that the rift basin formed by the rotation of fault-bounded blocks during crustal extension. Relative to the area of the Keweenawan rift, the older 1.6-b.y.-old crust flanking the rift contains few prominent reflectors at depths less than 10 km (6 mi). However, those reflectors which are present, particularly in the area of the late Paleozoic Humboldt fault zone and the 1.3-b.y.-old Big Springs aeromagnetic anomaly, dip to the east, subparallel to the faults in the 1.1-b.y.-old rift basin. Thus, the east-dipping features appear to have been active during more than one episode of crustal deformation.
Features in Kansas cyclothems seen by high-resolution seismology
Authors: Knapp Ralph W. , French John
Published: January 2025

Accurate quantitative modeling of stratal sequences requires verification of model results by means of comparisons with known stratigraphic intervals, and in many cases seismic data provide the best or only means toward that end. In eastern Kansas the scale of variability within Middle and Upper Pennsylvanian units is of the order of meters. Unraveling the stratigraphy and thereby verifying models at such a scale requires high-resolution seismic data. Middle and Upper Pennsylvanian cyclic sequences (cyclothems) are seen as just a few wiggles on standard petroleum exploration reflection seismogram sections with frequency responses of <80 Hz. For instance, the Kansas City and Lansing Groups cannot be distinguished. However, the use of high-resolution reflection seismology, with frequencies up to 500 Hz, allows the detection of thin-bed members of the individual groups and formations to approximately 2-m (7-ft) thickness. Geologic cyclicity and reflection seismology harmonize, and carbonate units are seen as peaks and siliciclastic units (mostly shales) as troughs. Seismic response becomes sensitive to phenomena such as the presence of intrabed sandstone lenses in the shales and the surface roughness (diffusivity) of lithologic interfaces. Complex trace analysis aids the interpretation of bed thickness and the nature and continuity of geologic boundaries. Reflection strength helps determine which geologic boundaries form strong reflectors and therefore have clean, flat interfaces. Instantaneous phase complements reflection strength by showing strong trace-to-trace coherence and by emphasizing stratal truncations, indicating intrabed structure and sandstone channel presence. Instantaneous frequency indicates (1) intrabed structure and sandstone channel presence when it displays a chaotic pattern and (2) the dominant frequency of the reflector response when coherent. Dominant frequency of the reflector response is frequently useful in determining bed thickness.
Paleotectonic control of reservoir facies
Authors: Baars D. L. , Watney W. Lynn
Published: January 2025

The basement structural fabric of the Paradox basin affected sedimentary facies throughout Phanerozoic time. Continental-scale basement wrench-fault zones were rejuvenated repeatedly throughout the Paleozoic. The Paradox pull-apart evaporite basin was formed along the northwest-southeast-trending Paradox-Wichita lineament in Middle Pennsylvanian time, facilitated by basement faults of the northeast-southwest-trending Colorado lineament. Structurally controlled shoaling conditions, formed by reactivation of basement faults, fostered marine sandstone reservoirs in Late Devonian time, crinoidal buildups in the Early Mississippian, and phylloid-algae mounds in Middle Pennsylvanian time. Apparently similar basement wrench-fault zones are present in Kansas. The midcontinent rift system is a north-northeast-south-southwest-trending fault zone that was reactivated during the Paleozoic. Northwest-southeast-trending faults along the Central Kansas-Bourbon arch complex appear to have offset structures of the midcontinent rift. Both trends are interpreted to be continental-scale conjugate wrench-fault zones with sinistral displacement along the midcontinent rift and dextral displacement along the Central Kansas-Bourbon arch complex. Stratigraphic relationships suggest repeated reactivation before Pennsylvanian uplift and erosion along the major structures. In both regions major structural lineaments are associated with smaller-scale fault patterns. Reactivation of these structures through time created paleotectonic trapping conditions at several stratigraphic intervals. Evidence is accumulating in Kansas that tectonically controlled paleotopography and paleobathymetry are major predictable factors in reservoir localization. Recognition of reactivated basement structural fabrics can provide* significant constraints on reservoir characterization and modeling.
Composition of rift-related igneous and sedimentary rocks of the Keweenawan Supergroup in the Poersch no. 1, OZ-1, Finn, and Friederich wells, northeastern Kansas
Authors: Cullers Robert L. , Berendsen Pieter
Published: January 2025

A series of wells have been drilled up to a depth of 3,444 m (113,000 ft) into the midcontinent rift system (MRS) in northeastern Kansas. The age of a gabbro sill in the upper portion of the Precambrian rocks was determined to be 1,097.5 ± 3 Ma, and the magnetic polarity of the gabbro correlated to the lower Keweenawan rocks in the northern MRS (Van Schmus et al., 1990). The rocks below 2,259 m (7,411 ft) in the deepest well [Poersch no. 1, total depth 3,435 m (11,270 ft)] consist mostly of arkoses with subordinate amounts of shale, siltstone, and basalt. The rocks above 2,265 m (7,431 ft) in the Poersch well consist of basalt with minor siltstone, arkose, gabbro, and felsite. A proposed high-angle reverse fault could have juxtaposed the upper igneous rocks over the lower sedimentary rocks to produce a reversed stratigraphy. This would make the development of the southern MRS similar to that of the northern MRS. Thus, in the initial extensional phase of the MRS, broad subsidence coincided with abundant volcanism and little sediment production. Grabens formed in the later stages of rift development and were filled with abundant sedimentary rocks along with lesser volcanic rocks. The chemical characteristics of the basalts in the southern MRS are similar to those in the north. The southern basalts are subalkalic to alkalic and follow tholeiitic trends; a number of them are high-alumina basalts. Although there is a lot of scatter, Al2O3, Ni, and Cr concentrations decrease and Fe2O3, TiO2, K2O, rare earth elements, Ba, Hf, and Sc concentrations increase with decreasing Mg number. These trends are consistent with plagioclase, olivine, pyroxene, or spinel fractionation from primary basalts. One basalt could represent a primary magma because it has a high Mg number (0.68), high Ni (638 mg/kg) and Cr (233 mg/kg) concentrations, low incompatible element concentrations (e.g., La = 4.2 mg/kg), and a slight positive Eu anomaly. This possible primary magma could have formed by partial melting (20-25%) of an undepleted spinel peridotite at 30-40 km depth. Most basalts have not been contaminated by crustal rocks or silicic magmas. The mineralogy, chemical composition, and U-Pb geochronology of detrital zircons of the arkoses, siltstones, and shales are consistent with their derivation from the surrounding granitoid highlands with little or no input from the basalts. Even siltstones and arkoses within the mostly basaltic sequences are derived mostly from the granitoids, although the siltstones may have some input from the basalts (e.g., higher Ni concentration than the sandstones).
Minneola Complex, Ford and Clark Counties, Kansas
Authors: Clark Stacy L.
Published: January 2025

The stratigraphy of the Morrow Series in southwest Kansas consists of sandstones and shales, with the shales acting as source and seal and the sandstones forming the reservoir facies. Within the Minneola complex, the upper limit of the Morrowan is defined by the base of the "Thirteen Finger limestone" (where present) or the base of the Inola limestone. The base of the Morrowan is the Mississippian-Pennsylvanian unconformity (fig. 1). The Morrowan interval ranges from 5 to 120 ft (2 to 37 m) in thickness in the Minneola complex (fig. 2) and thickens south-southwest toward the Anadarko basin.
Seismic Expression of the Damme Field, Finney County, Kansas
Authors: Miller William A. , Lehrer Mark G. , Porter Carmen J.
Published: January 2025

Damme field, located in Finney County, Kansas, produces oil from Mississippian and Pennsylvanian carbonates and sandstones. Trapping is due to both structure and stratigraphy. First discovered in 1951, this field has produced 15 million barrels of oil and is still producing today.
The structural nature of Damme field is readily observed on CDP-seismic data acquired over the field. The erosional topography on the Mississippian (pre-Pennsylvanian) unconformity reveals a fault-bounded structure, and thick Morrow deposits fill in the surrounding paleotopographic lows. The influence of basement block faulting is suggested by the seismic data as well as by aeromagnetic data in the area. The structural relief is rapidly attenuated in the overlying Pennsylvanian section, and the buried paleotopography is described very well by mapping of the Permian to Mississippian interval.
This paper describes the seismic expression of Damme field with modern CDP seismic, and contrasts this expression with the predicted model response generated from well-log information in the field. The basement influence is also examined as described by published aeromagnetics and Precambrian structure maps.
Stockholm SW Field, Greeley/Wallace Counties, Kansas
Authors: Miller William A. , Hundley-Goff Emily M. , Brown Lawrence G.
Published: January 2025

Stockholm SW field was the first Morrow oil field discovered in what is referred to as the Stateline trend. This 30-mi (48-km) trend is located along the border between Kansas and Colorado and includes western Wallace and Greeley counties, Kansas, and eastern Cheyenne and Kiowa counties, Colorado. Oil is produced out of Lower Pennsylvanian Morrow valley-fill sandstones from more than 250 producing wells comprising 10 fields.
While not utilized in the original discovery of Stockholm SW field, geophysics has played a significant role in the exploration for and development of all subsequent fields in the trend. The incisement of valleys into the underlying carbonates has created a thick Morrow sequence directly mappable with modem seismic techniques. Hundreds of miles of seismic data have been acquired along the Stateline trend in the exploration for Morrow reservoirs, and 3D seismic has proved valuable in field development. Aeromagnetic data provide clues as to the basement influence on Morrow drainage patterns. The use of these data and the key geologic elements of the play are the focus of this paper.