bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detección molecular del hemoplasma Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos en ganado bovino de México
Authors: Jaimes-Martínez Claudia Abril , Quiroz-Castañeda Rosa Estela , Preciado-de la Torre Jesús Francisco , Amaro-Estrada Itzel
Published: March 2022

Candidatus M. haemobos es un hemoplasma considerado el agente causal de anemia infecciosa en mamíferos al adherirse a los eritrocitos del hospedador. Existe una amplia variedad de hemoplasmas, de los cuales sólo dos afectan al ganado bovino: Mycoplasma wenyonii y Ca. Mycoplasma haemobos. Este último puede causar anemia, depresión, edema, problemas reproductivos, mastitis, ictericia y pérdida de peso, especialmente si establece co-infecciones con más hemoplasmas u otros patógenos, comprometiendo severamente la salud del animal. En México aún no existen reportes de esta bacteria en el ganado bovino, sin embargo, su estudio es de gran importancia debido a su asociación a ciertos cuadros clínicos. En este trabajo se detectó a Ca. M. haemobos mediante una prueba molecular, lo que representa una primera aproximación del estudio de este hemoplasma en nuestro país. Mediante una reconstrucción filogenética se determinó la existencia de dos clados en los que se clasifican los hemoplasmas.
Extracción de compuestos fitoquímicos de inflorescencia y frutos de guanábana (Annona muricata L.)
Authors: León-Fernández Andrés Eloy , Balois Morales Rosendo , Bautista-Rosales Pedro Ulises , Palomino-Hermosillo Yolotzin Apatzingan , Bello-Lara Juan Esteban , López-Rivas Consuelo Esperanza
Published: March 2022

En guanábana (Annona muricata L.) se han identificado 212 compuestos bioactivos, entre los cuales destacan las acetogeninas, los alcaloides y los fenólicos, cuya presencia o concentración varía en cada órgano de A. muricata durante el ciclo de vida. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar un método de extracción de compuestos bioactivos (terpenoides, esteroides, alcaloides, acetogeninas, compuestos fenólicos y saponinas) en órganos estructurales que componen la inflorescencia y fruto de guanábana, utilizando solventes orgánicos. Se usaron inflorescencias y frutos de guanábana durante su crecimiento y desarrollo con una longitud de: 2, 5-7, 8-10, 13-15, 17-23 y 25-30 cm, para evaluar dos métodos de extracción (sonicación y macerado) y cuatro solventes (hexano, cloroformo, etanol y metanol). Se determinó la presencia y concentración de compuestos bioactivos en inflorescencia, epidermis y pulpa. Mediante sonicado y con metanol se obtuvo la mayor extracción de compuestos bioactivos. Las concentraciones más elevadas de compuestos fenólicos se encontraron en inflorescencia y epidermis de los frutos; de flavonoides en inflorescencia, y alcaloides y flavonoides en la pulpa.
Spodoptera exigua (J. E. SMITH) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) COMO PLAGA DE ALBAHACA EN MORELOS, MÉXICO
Authors: Aguirre-Cadena Juan Francisco , Guillen-Sánchez Dagoberto , Pérez-De la O Nidia Bélgica , Brindis-Santos Alfredo Isaac
Published: March 2022

La albahaca, Ocimum basilicum L., es una de las principales hierbas aromáticas que se cultivan en México, utilizada como condimento alimentario y valorada por poseer aceites esenciales. En 2019, se registró la presencia explosiva y temporal de un lepidóptero defoliador en Morelos, México; ante el desconocimiento de la identidad taxonómica, se procedió a realizar varias colectas para su determinación específica. Todos los especímenes fueron identificados como Spodoptera exigua (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), un lepidóptero polífago de distribución amplia en México, pero sin registro formal en el cultivo en esta región del país. Las larvas causaron severo daño foliar y depositaron heces fecales sobre el follaje, aspectos que afectan el rendimiento y calidad de la albahaca de la región.
Experiência de estudantes na divulgação da imagem de pacientes odontológicos
Authors: Martorell Leandro Brambilla , Romanowski Francielle Nunes de Azevedo , Pereira Geovana Bandeira Pio , Araújo Isabela Oliveira , Dias Andréia Diniz , Carvalho Raquel Baroni de , Costa Luciane Rezende , Silva Brunno Santos de Freitas
Published: March 2022

As implicações éticas do uso de redes sociais por profissionais da saúde têm ocupado espaço na agenda da Bioética quando se considera os direitos do paciente e o risco de exposição de sua imagem. Este estudo buscou conhecer a percepção de estudantes de Odontologia sobre a exposição da imagem de pacientes em redes sociais. Trata-se de estudo observacional transversal, quantitativo, com aplicação de questionário a estudantes de um curso de Odontologia. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados por meio de estatísticas descritivas. A taxa de resposta foi de 73,5% (n=247), todos utilizando redes sociais e 33,1% (n=82) declararam já ter realizado fotografia de paciente na clínica de ensino. Muitos estudantes ainda não têm clareza sobre as questões éticas que envolvem a divulgação de imagem de pacientes em rede social. Isso revela a importância de se ater a esse tópico nos cursos brasileiros de graduação em Odontologia.
Disposisi Matematis Langsung dan Tidak Langsung: Karakteristisasi Disposisi Matematis Berdasarkan Gestur
Authors: Dian Sari Okta Pita , Faradiba Surya Sari
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi karakterisasi disposisi matematis siswa berdasarkan gestur siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah program linear. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan desain grounded theory. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2020/2021 di kelas XI MAN Kota Batu. Instrumen yang digunakan meliputi soal tentang materi program linear, lembar observasi yang disusun berdasarkan tiga kategori gestur, dan pedoman wawancara dengan kisi-kisi yang dibuat berdasarkan karakterisasi disposisi matematis. Subjek terdiri dari dua siswa. Proses pemilihan subjek secara convenience sampling. Dua subjek dipilih dari 22 siswa yang melaksanakan tes kemampuan awal. Dua subjek yang kemampuan awalnya terpenuhi kemudian dieksplorasi mengenai karakterisasi disposisi matematisnya melalui tes penyelesaian masalah, wawancara dan observasi. Analisis data menunjukkan bahwa jenis gestur yang mendominasi adalah gestur representasi. S1 menunjukkan tiga kali gestur representasi, sedangkan S2 menunjukkan dua kali gestur representasi. Berdasarkan gestur yang muncul diperoleh petunjuk untuk mengungkapkan karakteristik disposisi matematis, yakni langsung dan tidak langsung. Dalam penelitian ini, S1 menunjukkan disposisi langsung, sedangkan S2 menunjukkan disposisi langsung dan tidak langsung. Disposisi langsung menggambarkan proses penyelesaian masalah yang terjadi seketika saat siswa menemui hambatan. Sedangkan, disposisi tidak langsung menunjukkan proses penyelesaian masalah yang baru terjadi beberapa saat setelah siswa menemui hambatan.
Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis dan Self-Regulated Learning dengan Model Pembelajaran Learning Cycle 7E
Authors: Utami Nita Putri , Eliza Rivdya , Warahma Selvi
Published: March 2022

Peserta didik kelas VIII MTsN 3 Solok Selatan memiliki kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis dan self-regulated learning (kemandirian belajar) yang masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk:1)mengetahui kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran Learning Cycle 7E dengan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik yang belajar dengan pembelajaran biasa pada kelas VIII MTsN 3 Solok Selatan.2)mengetahui self-regulated learning (kemandirian belajar) matematika peserta didik yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran Learning Cycle 7E.Penelitian eksperimen semu dengan rancanganRandomized Control Group Only Design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) Setelah dilakukan uji hipotesis dengan uji-t dengan α=0,05 pada selang kepercayaan 95% diperoleh t_hitung (2,26)> t-tabel (1,66), maka keputusannya adalah H0ditolak dan H1 diterima artinya kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik yang belajar dengan Model Learning Cycle 7E lebih tinggi daripada kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik yang belajar dengan pembelajaran biasa. 2) self-regulated Learning (kemandirian belajar) peserta didik yang belajar dengan model Learning Cycle 7E dikategorikan baik dengan derajat pencapaian sebesar 80,76%.
In love writing, self-absorbed writing. "The Sound of the Waves" by Margarita García Robayo
Authors: Buendía Maritza M.
Published: March 2022

Through the exploration of the referents that can be established thanks to the myth of Narcissus, it is intended to demonstrate that the writing in love that can be found in the novel "The Sound of the Waves", from Margarita García Robayo, functions also as a self-absorbed writing that enters in the search for identity. The passing of myth to literature will be permitted by the study of Gaston Bachelard, “The Water and Dreams.” Just the same to prove the existence of in love literature go to Sthendal and his book “Of Love”, as well as, Jose Ortega and Gasset and his “Studies about love”. Then the concept of novel as transformation will be explored by Julia Kristeva, posed in “The text of the novel”. Starting from there a series of mirrors will detach themselves in the novel by Garcia Robayo: the father figure and his relationship with the esoteric, and the loving encounter as link between Narcissus, Eros and Thanatos. Lastly, to go in depth around self- absorbed writing the contributions of Lucien Dällenbach will result useful as in “The Spectacular Story”, also the theme of the mirror from the perspective of Severo Sarduy in “The baroque and neo- baroque”.Why do you look at yourself?, against whom do you look at yourself?, interrogates Bachelard regarding Narcissus. Questions to be raised in this essay: why, how, García Robayo sees herself in her writing?, is writing a reflection in the manner of the crystalline water where Narcissus contemplates himself?
Quantum computation of Groebner basis through F4 and F5 algorithms
Authors: Kikuchi Ichio , Kikuchi Akihito
Published: March 2022

Our main concern in this article is how to apply quantum algorithms to compute Groebner basis through Faugere's F4 and F5 algorithms, which are regarded as the most effective algorithms for this purpose. We give examples and pseudo-codes for these algorithms and investigate where we can apply quantum algorithms. As a result, we have the designs (or the pseudo-codes) of quantum versions of the F4 and F5 algorithms by replacing classical algorithms with quantum ones. The quantum versions of F4 and F5 algorithms are, in nature, the extensions of the quantum Gaussian-Jordan elimination of Diepp, since the computations of Groebner bases are practicable through the matrix representations. In the computation of Groebner bases, quantum algorithms serve to construct the matrices as small as possible (according to the fundamental idea of F4 and F5) and to find the pivotal element as quickly as possible.
Prе-Rеcordеd Lеcturеs, Livе Onlinе Lеcturеs, аnd Studеnt Аcаdеmic Аchiеvеmеnt
Authors: Le Kien
Published: March 2022

In thе midst of thе COVID-19 Pаndеmic, univеrsitiеs throughout thе world аrе еmbrаcing onlinе lеаrning, oftеn dеpеnding on synchronous аnd аsynchronous digitаl communicаtions. In this pаpеr, wе compаrе thе impаcts of livе onlinе (synchronous) аnd prе-rеcordеd (аsynchronous) lеcturеs on studеnt аchiеvеmеnt using а rаndomizеd еxpеrimеnt. Wе discovеrеd thаt thе prе-rеcordеd lеcturеs rеducе lowеr аbility studеnts' аcаdеmic аchiеvеmеnt but hаvе no еffеct on highеr аbility studеnts' аcаdеmic аchiеvеmеnt. In pаrticulаr, bеing tаught viа thе prе-rеcordеd lеcturеs, аs opposеd to thе livе onlinе lеcturеs, dеcrеаsеs thе likеlihood of аnswеring еxаm quеstions corrеctly by 1.6 pеrcеntаgе points for studеnts in thе bottom 50th pеrcеntilе of thе аbility distribution (mеаsurеd by GPА аt thе bеginning of thе sеmеstеr). Furthеrmorе, bеing tаught viа thе prе-rеcordеd lеcturеs in thе stаrting wееks of thе sеmеstеr tеnd to bе morе hаrmful to studеnts’ аcаdеmic аchiеvеmеnt, compаrеd to thе lаtеr onеs. Thеsе findings hаvе importаnt implicаtions for thе еffеctivе dеsign of еducаtion policiеs.
Networks and the Size of the Gender Gap in Politician Performance Across Job Duties
Authors: Garcia-Hernandez Ana , Grossman Guy , Michelitch Kristin Grace
Published: March 2022

Women across the Global South have made large strides in breaking into historically male arenas, including politics. Like private sector work and non-profit development, woman in politics face barriers that can undermine their performance relative to men. Focusing on women politicians, we argue that performance gender gaps of different magnitudes will appear across different job duties, since job duties differ in terms of barriers posed to women. In particular, where woman politicians are excluded in politician networks, duties requiring interaction with fellow politicians (e.g., legislative activities) may exhibit larger gender gaps as compared to duties that can be undertaken independently (e.g., constituency services and development). We find support for this argument when comparing women and men politicians' performance across samples of up to 50 subnational Ugandan legislatures (where 1/3 of seats are reserved for women). Using original network data, we find that women are significantly more peripheral in professional networks, and that this network peripherality drives gender gaps in duties requiring more interaction with fellow politicians, but not independently-performed duties. Importantly, friendship centrality is no substitute for professional centrality when it comes to job duty performance: by term end women are not more peripheral in personal networks, which are not as correlated with job duty performance gaps. Finally, education disparities across gender also contribute to the gender gap for duties requiring more intricate understanding of rules and procedures (e.g., monitoring public services, legislative duties). Moving forward, advocacy organizations may consider holding trainings and simulations with politicians on performing (especially intricate) duties in ways that might encourage cross-gender professional network ties.
Unintended Consequences: Reconsidering the Effects of UN Peacekeeping on State-sponsored Violence
Authors: Nomikos William George , Villa Danielle
Published: March 2022

This essay challenges theoretical and empirical arguments about peacebuilding effectiveness that put the state at the center of United Nations peace operations. We suggest that state-centric UN peacebuilding operations might inadvertently incentivize local-level violence in post-conflict settings. When the UN supports central governments it may unintentionally empower non-professionalized militaries, paramilitaries, and warlords to settle local scores. Armed violence against civilians in turn triggers a vicious cycle of reprisals and counter-reprisals. As an alternative to state-centric peacebuilding operations that carry the risk of enflaming local tensions, we suggest that the UN would benefit from shifting strategic resources away from central governments and toward UN policing, support of traditional and religious authorities, and the training of local security institutions.
Programación Separable, Fraccional y Geométrica en Problemas de Optimización
Authors: Agudelo Santiago Cartagena , Alzate Camilo Cossio
Published: March 2022

In the daily development of life, human beings find themselves in the need to make decisions, some more important than others, which will bring future consequences that may or may not be favorable. From this, the need arises to choose the best alternative whenever we are faced with a situation in which we must decide on something, in order to avoid any type of loss or disadvantage. The problem is that generally recognizing the best of the possible is not a trivial task. Through mathematics, we can find a solution to many of these problems, through their proper modeling and subsequent optimization processes.In general, such problems are composed of an objective function that must be maximized or minimized subject to a set of constraints. In some cases, reaching the solution is difficult because of the structure of the equations and/or inequalities that describe the objective function or the constraints. Based on the above, the objective of this document is to illustrate specific methods to facilitate the solution of certain problems that meet certain characteristics. The main intention is that the reader understands the mathematical foundation of the methods and learns to apply them. In this order of ideas, the separable programming method, fractional programming, and geometric programming will be discussed.
A 'compensatory selection' effect with standardized tests: Lack of correlation between test scores and success is evidence that test scores are predictive of success
Authors: Huber David E. , Staub Adrian
Published: March 2022

We introduce the statistical concept of 'compensatory selection', which arises when selecting a subset of applicants based on multiple predictors, such as when standardized test scores are used in combination with other predictors required in a school application (e.g., previous grades, references letters, and personal statements). Post-hoc analyses often fail to find a positive correlation between test scores and subsequent success, and this failure is sometimes taken as evidence against the predictive validity of the standardized test. The present analysis reveals that the failure to find a negative correlation indicates that the standardized test is in fact a valid predictor of success. This is due to compensation between predictors during selection: Some students are admitted despite a low test score because their application is exceptional in other respects, while other students are admitted primarily based on a high test score despite weakness in the rest of their application. This compensatory selection process introduces a negative correlation between test scores and other predictors among those admitted. If test scores are valid predictors of success, this negative correlation between the predictors counteracts the positive correlation between test scores and success that would have been observed if all applicants were admitted. If test scores are not predictive of success, but were nevertheless used in a compensatory selection process, there would be a spurious negative correlation between test scores and success (i.e., an admitted student with a weak application except for a high test score would be unlikely to succeed). The selection effect that is described here is fundamentally different from the well-known 'restricted range' problem and can powerfully alter results even in situations that accept most applicants.
The Precision in Psychiatry (PIP) study: an internet-based methodology for accelerating research in treatment prediction and personalisation
Authors: Lee Chi Tak , Palacios Jorge , Richards Derek , Hanlon Anna K , Lynch Kevin , Harty Siobhan , Claus Nathalie , Swords Lorraine , O'Keane Veronica , Stephan Klaas Enno , Gillan Claire M
Published: March 2022

Background: Evidence-based treatments for depression exist but not all patients benefit from them. Efforts to develop predictive models that can assist clinicians in allocating treatments are ongoing, but there are major issues with acquiring the volume and breadth of data needed to train these models. We developed a protocol for internet-based data collection methods that may help advance this field.Methods: A fully internet-based protocol was used to gather repeated observational data from two transdiagnostic patient cohorts receiving internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) (N = 600) or antidepressant medication treatment (N = 110). At baseline, participants provided >600 data points of self-report data, spanning socio-demographics, lifestyle, physical health, clinical and other psychological variables and completed 4 cognitive tests. They were followed weekly and completed another detailed clinical and cognitive assessment at week 4. In this paper, we describe our study design in detail and evaluate its methodological feasibility. In evaluating, we report on the demographic and clinical characteristics of participants, treatment adherence, study retention and compliance, indicators of data quality, and qualitative feedback from patients on study design and implementation.Results: Participant retention was 92% at week 3 and 84% for the final assessment. The relatively short study duration of 4 weeks was sufficient to reveal early treatment effects; there were significant reductions in 11 transdiagnostic psychiatric symptoms assessed, with the largest improvement seen for depression. Most participants (66%) reported being distracted at some point during the study, 11% failed 1 or more attention checks and 3% consumed an intoxicating substance. Data quality was nonetheless high, with near perfect 4-week test retest reliability for self-reported height (ICC = 0.97).Conclusions: An internet-based methodology can be used efficiently to gather large amounts of detailed patient data during iCBT and antidepressant treatment. Recruitment was rapid and retention was relatively high. The detailed data we report will help guide the design of future large-scale internet-based studies for predicting treatment outcomes in depression. The adoption of internet-based study designs may improve statistical power in this field and accelerate the search for tools that can aid clinical decision-making.
The Evolutionary Roots of Anxiety
Authors: Mermelstein Jeffrey J.
Published: March 2022

Attempts to explain the evolutionary basis of anxiety as a reasonable reaction or valuable over-reaction to actual physical danger do not do justice to the robustness, intensity and resiliency of anxiety as a ubiquitous dimension of human existence. This essay proposes an alternative explanation based upon a clearer distinction between fear and anxiety. A comprehensive theory about the evolutionary adaptive value of fear and anxiety must address both primal fear reactions and cognitively more complex, socially based experiences of anxiety. This paper is telling a story about the blossoming of fear into anxiety, an almost universal human experience that was no longer simply a reaction to immediate physical danger. Previous stories have focused on basic fear reactions and the adaptive value of a hyper vigilant arousal response to real physical dangers in the environment. This paper focuses on the time period, 30 to 70 thousand years ago, when human consciousness expanded to include significant room for complex social relatedness. Within this context, a socially based anxiety with more complex cognition had significant adaptive value. More specifically, fear morphed into a multifaceted anxiety that was moldable, flexible, interpersonal and capable of shaping cognition. This anxiety contributed to group cohesion, group loyalty and a deep commitment to the group's narrative. Fear as a reaction to actual physical dangers continued to exist. But now, Homo sapiens also experienced this more complex secondary emotion, anxiety, which had additional adaptive value in the survival and expansion of the population.
Why open research is important for understanding how eye-tracking technology can be used as a tool to evaluate social cognition in intellectual disability
Authors: Jenner Lauren
Published: March 2022

Eye-tracking technology can provide information about social-cognitive processes, without the need for explicit responses or verbal demands. In this pre-publication, written for the BPS Developmental Psychology Forum Newsletter (Issue 95), I introduce our systematic review investigating how eye-tracking technology has been used as a tool to evaluate social cognition among individuals with an intellectual disability, in which we took an Open Research approach. When I came to pre-register the review, I noticed popular guidance were more focused on intervention and outcome, rather than detailed description of methodology. As the purpose of pre-registration is to facilitate transparency and robustness, whilst constraining reporting bias, I wanted to follow a framework that best suited our review. I used the Non-Interventional, Reproducible, and Open Systematic Reviews (NIRO-SR; Topor et al., 2021) guidelines and framework – a 68-item checklist supporting planning, pre-registering, and reporting of non-interventional studies in systematic reviews. Being able to address each item not only maximised transparency of our review processes, but also meant we begun the review with a comprehensive protocol written – supporting efficient and reliable data extraction and synthesis across reviewers. Searches were conducted in PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science, and through mailing lists (ID-Research-UK, COGDEVSOC, Dev-Europe). We included both grey literature and peer-reviewed research, as we did not want to overlook the risk of publication bias, and consequently, over-estimate the effectiveness of eye-tracking technology. The review identifies a relatively substantial amount of research; yet variability in eye-tracking protocol and heterogeneity of stimuli used. In addition, studies were often limited by sample size and at times ran exploratory analyses - increasing the potential for sample dependent results and Type 1 error. We recommend presenting protocols transparently, and developing a bank of open-access, validated eye-tracking stimuli, to encourage replication of findings and opportunities for data sharing. Collaborative and open methods will strengthen theoretical and clinical implications regarding social cognition in intellectual disability.
Cognitive Bias Modification bei Symptomen der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS)
Authors: Woud Marcella Lydia , Wittekind Charlotte , Würtz Felix
Published: March 2022

Kognitive Modelle der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS) gehen davon aus, dass eine dysfunktionale Informationsverarbeitung in den Bereichen Aufmerksamkeit, Interpretation, Bewertung und Gedächtnis einen wichtigen Faktor für das Auftreten und die Aufrechterhaltung der PTBS darstellt. Parallel zeigen verschiedenste Entwicklungen in der klinisch-experimentellen Forschung, dass es möglich sein könnte, solche kognitiven Verzerrungen mit Hilfe von Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM)-Trainings zu modifizieren. In diesem Beitrag geben wir einen narrativen Überblick über die CBM-Forschung im Kontext von Trauma und PTBS, im experimentellen sowie klinisch-angewandten Bereich. Zudem werden Herausforderungen und neue Forschungslinien für die CBM-Forschung im Kontext der PTBS vorgestellt und diskutiert.
Personality Computing With Naturalistic Music Listening Behavior: Comparing Audio and Lyrics Preferences
Authors: Sust Larissa , Stachl Clemens , Kudchadker Gayatri , Bühner Markus , Schoedel Ramona
Published: March 2022

It is a long-held belief in psychology and beyond that individuals’ music preferences reveal information about their personality traits. While initial evidence relates self-reported preferences for broad musical styles to the Big Five dimensions, little is known about day-to-day music listening behavior and the intrinsic attributes of melodies and lyrics that reflect these individual differences. The present study (N = 330) proposes a personality computing approach to fill these gaps with new insights from ecologically valid music listening records from smartphones. We quantified participants’ music preferences via audio and lyrics characteristics of their played songs through technical audio features from Spotify and textual attributes obtained via natural language processing. Using linear elastic net and non-linear random forest models, these behavioral variables served to predict Big Five personality on domain and facet levels. Out-of-sample prediction performances revealed that – on the domain level – Openness was most strongly related to music listening (r = .25), followed by Conscientiousness (r = .13), while several facets of the Big Five also showed small to medium effects. Hinting at the incremental value of audio and lyrics characteristics, both musical components were differentially informative for models predicting Openness and its facets, whereas lyrics preferences played the more important role for predictions of Conscientiousness dimensions. In doing so, the models’ most predictive variables displayed generally trait-congruent relationships between personality and music preferences. These findings contribute to the development of a cumulative theory on music listening in personality science and may be extended in numerous ways by future work leveraging the computational framework proposed here.
Asian and Latino American Political Conceptualization: A Dual-Concept Model
Authors: Zheng Bang Quan
Published: March 2022

A central problem for citizens is to understand how their political system works. The classic “Levels of Conceptualization” measure proposed in The American Voter provided an answer for White Americans in the 1950s, but has limited relevance today for citizens of non-European ancestry. Expanding on the work of Campbell et al, this paper develops a measure of Political Conceptualization that combines views about parties and candidates with views on personal identity and ethnic fairness. The measure is based on open-ended responses in a survey of Asian Americans and Latinos. Results show how, across these quite different domains of politics, citizens vary in their Political Conceptualizations from narrow and concrete to broad and abstract. Results highlight the challenge for political organizers in building coalitions among citizens who vary in their understanding of how politics works.
The dangers of drawing cohort profiles from period data: a research note
Authors: van Raalte Alyson A , Basellini Ugofilippo , Camarda Carlo Giovanni , Nepomuceno Marília , Myrskylä Mikko
Published: March 2022

Drawing cohort profiles and cohort forecasts from grids of age-period data is common practice in demography. In this research note, we: (1) estimate the bias in the cohort TFR and life expectancies calculated from such data, and (2) demonstrate that cohort Lee-Carter forecasts drawn from an age-period grid have implausible prediction intervals, especially when drawn from the upper and lower bounds of the time series parameter. These biases are surprisingly large, even when the cohort profiles are created from single-age, single-year period data. The danger is that we overinterpret deviations from expected trends, that in actual fact were induced by our own data manipulation.
ANALISIS PRESTASI KERJA GURU DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH SE-KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Anggraini Erza Intan , Syahza Almasdi , Baheram Murni
Published: March 2022

This research aimed to analyze teachers’ work achievement at Islamic PrimarySchools within the Municipality of Pekanbaru. To achieve this aim, an information analysis wasrequired among others: (1) knowing the teachers’ work achievement in terms of pedagogicalcompetence aspects (2) knowing the teachers’ work achievement through personalitycompetence aspects, (3) knowing the teachers’ work achievement through social competenceaspects, and (4) knowing the teachers’ work achievement through professional competenceaspects.The sample of the research was teachers of Islamic Primary School teachers withinPekanbaru Municipality totalling 150 teachers. The data were gathered from the sample usingRandom Sampling technique. The analyzed data came from the respective variables throughthe documentation of Teachers Work Performance (PKG) at Islamic Primary Schools withinPekanbaru Municipality.The findings of the research showed that the teachers’ workperformances at Islamic Primary Schools in Pekanbaru Municipality on pedagogical competence,personality competence, social competence and professional competence were in very goodcategory. The highest competence was contributed by pedagogical competence reaching 51,84 %, while the lowest competence was personality competence which was 20,07 %. Theseresults indicated that teachers at Islamic Primary Schools in Pekanbaru could manage learningbeginning from the planning of learning to the maximum implementation of teaching and learning.
Perception of Virtual Class during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Tribhuvan University
Authors: Yadav Deo Narayan
Published: March 2022

Assessing acceptance level of virtual classroom technology has become important at the Tribhuvan University after Covid-19 pandemic. This article has investigated the acceptance level of virtual classroom from teachers and students involved in BIT course delivery and previous experiences of virtual classroom from various research articles. The assessment framework is based on the setting of virtual classroom at Patan Multiple Campus (PMC) immediately after the COVID-19pandemic lockdown using “Office 365 A1 education free version of MS Teams” in pmc.edu.np domain and Moodle-Open-source learning platform. The BIT courses were delivered through virtual classrooms, which were accessed by both students and teachers. The conclusion of the study is that the use of virtual classroom as an alternative mode of course delivery is accepted by teachers and students, but with different levels of acceptance. The study focuses on students and teachers involved in one particular BIT classes and it needs to further research in other course domain and in larger scale. This paper provides information that will be the interest of Tribhuvan University in implementing virtual classroom as an alternate mode of course delivery.
Impacts of Migration on Poverty Reduction: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Kunwar Laxman Singh
Published: March 2022

This paper attempts to describe impacts of migration on poverty reduction at individual, households, community and national level. Both internal and international migration phenomenon including working environment of migrants are analyzed. The paper is based on secondary sources of information with aim of find evidence on linkages between migration and poverty at individual, household and community and National levels. Migration phenomenon has shown the evidences of in reducing poverty level but migrants are being compelled to work in an exploitative and unhygienic environment. Female migrants are being more victims of exploitation than male migrants. The poverty reduction has been gained in return of exploitative and health hazards working environment of migrants can be considered as an injustice to migrants and their place of origin as well as countries of origin.
Application of Indigenous Knowledge in Natural Resources and Environment Conservation in Nepal
Authors: Lama Ramesh Kumar
Published: March 2022

Diversity, natural resources and indigenous knowledge are the wealth of Nepal. Nepalese indigenous people possesses large varieties in language, culture, traditions, art and literatures which can also be applied as knowledge system and can also be taken as indigenous knowledge. These indigenous knowledge are applicable not only in the continuation of beliefs, customs and traditions but also helpful in conservation of natural resources and environment. This paper aims to uncover the application of indigenous knowledge of some groups of indigenous people of Nepal and has applied descriptive and interpretive methods of study. The nature of data used in the study is qualitative. Most of practices are culturally and religiously important which are directly and indirectly helpful in environmental conservation but there is need of further scientific investigation and verification also.
Povezanost obilježja privatnih šumoposjednika s razinom njihove aktivnosti u okrupnjavanju šumoposjeda
Authors: Andabaka Marijana , Teslak Krunoslav , Božić Mario , Goršić Ernest , Vedriš Mislav
Published: March 2022

Većina privatnih šumoposjednika u Hrvatskoj ima šumoposjed manji od 1 ha, što predstavlja značajan ograničavajući čimbenik u gospodarenju šumama. Cilj ovoga rada je ispitati povezanost sociodemografskih značajki šumoposjednika i obilježja šumoposjeda s razinom zainteresiranosti šumoposjednika za kupnju, zamjenu ili prodaju čestica pod šumom, u svrhu okrupnjavanja i povećanja suvislosti posjeda. Neposrednim anketiranjem ispitano je 500 šumoposjednika na području kontinentalne Hrvatske. Za dobivene podatke napravljena je statistička deskriptivna obrada, te izračunate mjere korelacije i testiranje razlika pojedinih kategorija. Rezultati ukazuju na jasnu povezanost sociodemografski, regionalnih i drugih obilježja šumoposjednika s razinom zainteresiranosti za okrupnjavanje šumoposjeda. Tipičan šumoposjednik zainteresiran za povećanje šumoposjeda je muškarac mlađi od 50 godina, sa završenom srednjom školom ili fakultetom, iz središnje Hrvatske koji je svoj posjed stekao kupnjom i već je aktivan bilo u udrugama šumoposjednika, bilo da koristi savjetodavne usluge Ministarstva poljoprivrede. Premali udio šumoposjednika zainteresiranih za prodaju šumoposjeda (18,9%) onemogućava daljnje okrupnjavanje. Prema tomu, mjere regulatora treba usmjeriti na proces nasljeđivanja, oprezivanje negospodarenja šumoposjedom i daljnje subvencioniranje aktivnog i disperziranog gospodarenja šumama (biomasa, nedrvni šumski proizvodi, općekorisne funkcije šuma, naknade za pohranu ugljika, naknade za ciljane vrste).
Prosudba truleži stabala hrasta kitnjaka zvučnim tomografom
Authors: Škarica Tomislav , Drvodelić Damir , Oršanić Milan , Paulić Vinko
Published: March 2022

Urbana stabla i šume doprinose kvaliteti života stanovnika urbanog područja i pružaju brojne koristi. Međutim, stabla u urbanim područjima su izložena različitim abiotskim i biotskim poremećajima koji utječu na njihov razvoj. Gljive truležnice se ističu kao bitan uzročnik pojave loma stabla. Dijagnostički instrumenti koji mjere određena svojstva drva se koriste u arborikulturi kao dopuna vizualnoj prosudbi urbanih stabala. Zvučni tomograf je uređaj koji mjeri brzinu prolaska zvučnih valova kroz drvo u radijalnom i tangentnom smjeru kako bi se prosudile unutarnje greške drva. Cilj istraživanja je bio odrediti veličinu i položaj zdravog i trulog drva te odrediti točnost zvučnog tomografa kod deset stabala hrasta kitnjaka u Parku Maksimir u Zagrebu. Usporedili smo rezultate grafičkih prikaza zvučnog tomografa (tomograme) sa fotografijama presjeka panjeva stabala koja su posječena radi potvrde truleži drva. Trulež drva je bila vidljiva na osam od deset istraživanih stabala koji su imali simptome truleži pri vizualnom pregledu. Trulež drva je potvrđena kod sedam stabala na panjevima nakon sječe. Kod tri stabla zabilježen je početni stadij truleži drva, dok su četiri stabla imala aktivnu trulež drva i pojavu šupljina. Oblik tomograma odgovarao je fotografijama presjeka panjeva kod osam stabala, a pozicija trulog drva je odgovarala fotografijama presjeka panjeva kod devet stabala. Područje trulog drva različitih kategorija je bilo točno prepoznato na tomogramima za šest od deset istraživanih stabala. Zvučni tomograf je podcijenio površinu zdravog drva, precijenio površnu drva u početnim stadijima truleži i točno predstavio područja s aktivnom truleži drva i šupljinama.
Struktura nadzemne biomase divlje trešnje (Prunus avium L.) u nizinskim šumama Hrvatske
Authors: Zečić Željko , Benić Davor , Ursić Branko , Vusić Dinko , Đuka Andreja
Published: March 2022

U radu su prikazane sastavnice strukture ukupne nadzemne biomase stabala divlje trešnje (Prunus avium L.) na području spačvanskog bazena u Upravi šuma Podružnica Vinkovci. Istraživanja su obavljena na 120 primjernih stabala divlje trešnje, prsnih promjera od 10 do 72 cm i visine od 10,8 do 34,4 m. Drvni sortimenti izrađeni su prema Hrvatskim normama proizvoda iskorištavanja šuma iz 1995. godine.
Sortimentna struktura primjernih stabala divlje trešnje pokazuje znatna odstupanja u odnosu na tablice sortimentne strukture za voćkarice koje koristi trgovačko društvo „Hrvatske šume“ d.o.o. Zagreb. Udio trupaca za furnir kreće se od 9,29 % u debljinskom stupnju 37,5 cm do najviše 19,50 % u debljinskom stupnju 67,5 cm. Pilanski trupci prvog razreda kakvoće kreću se u rasponu od 12,04 % (72,5 cm) do 19,89 % (32,5 cm), a drugog razreda kakvoće od 17,30 % (62,5 cm) do 26,89 % (32,5 cm). Drvni sortiment tanke oblovine zastupljen je u debljinskom stupnju 17,5 cm sa 17,44 % te u debljinskom stupnju 22,5 cm sa 15,90 %, dok je u višim debljinskim stupnjevima značajno manje zastupljen. Udio prostornog drva je najveći u prvom debljinskom stupnju 88,76 % (12,5 cm) te u sljedeća dva sa 67,44 % i 47,71 %, a najmanji je u debljinskom stupnju 67,5 cm sa 27,01 %. Prosječni udio prostornoga drva iznosi 42,09 %. Otpad se u ukupnoj strukturi krupnog drva kreće od 11,24 % (12,5 cm) do 19,12 % (27,5 cm), a prosječno iznosi 16,47 %. Dvostruka debljina kore kreće se u rasponu od 0,53 cm do 3,37 cm, odnosno prosječno 1,66 ± 0,57 cm, a postotni udio kore kreće se od 4,77 % do 16,46 %, sa srednjom vrijednošću od 9,02 ± 2,01 %.
Utvrđeni su i parametri Schumacher-Hallove jednadžbe, gustoća drva, udio vode, obujam granjevine (promjera <7 cm) te struktura ukupne nadzemne biomase.
Detection of Cholesterol in Suaeda Baccata (Chenopodiaceae)
Authors: S. Al-Mohammadi Suhad
Published: March 2022

This study detects the presence of cholesterol in an Iraqi plant named Suaeda baccata Forsk of the family Chenopodiacae, wildly and widely grown in Iraq. The absence of any publication concerning the sterol content of this Suaeda specie, and the industrial importance of cholesterol depending on its role as a precursor in the synthesis of some hormones, like progesterone, acquired this study its value. The investigations revealed the presence of cholesterol that was proved by TLC together with the standard compound cholesterol, and anisaldehyde spray reagent using three different solvent systems, then authenticated by HPLC, in which the retention time of both the standard cholesterol and the plant extract cholesterol were identical.

Key Words: Cholesterol, Suaeda Baccat and Chenopodiaceae
Evaluation of Analgesic Activity of Newly Synthesized Phthalyl- tyrosyl-glycin Sodium
Authors: S. AL-Taee Muthanna , Y. Saour Kawkab , M. Mohammed Haider
Published: March 2022

Alteration in the backbone structure of the endogenously released opioid peptides Leu5/Met5 enkephalins may result in compounds having comparable profile of pharmacological activity but with different physicochemical properties and side effects. Phthalyl amino acid and phthalyl esters are among the derivatives that have been synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities.This study was conducted to evaluate the possible analgesic activity of phthalyl-tyrosyl-glycin sodium that has been recently synthesized by our team.The study was carried out on 24 albino mice using hot plate method. The animals were allocated in to three groups; the first group received saline and represent a control group; the second group received morphine HCl as a standard drug; and the third group received phthalyl-tyrosyl-glycin sodium. The onset with which the animal lift his forearm and the number of jumps per 25 seconds were recorded for each group.

   The results of this study showed that phthalyl-tyrosyl-glycin sodium resulted in significant improvement (P<0.05) in analgesia score as well as significant delay in the onset of induced hyperalgesia in comparison to saline-treated group, and in comparison to morphine HCl, no significant difference (P>0.05) was observed in analgesia score but with significant delay in induced hyperalgesia.The results obtained in this study provide experimental evidences for the effectiveness of the prepared compound as analgesic with comparable effect to that of morphine.

Key words: Phthalyl-tyrosyl-glycin sodium, phthalyl group, analgesia
Entre a Experiência Religiosa e o Entretenimento: ressignificações da música gospel como atração no programa Esquenta!
Authors: De Oliveira Jênifer Rosa
Published: March 2022

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar sob quais aspectos se dá a interação entre mídia e religião, bem como as tensões ou continuidades que a aproximação do ‘sagrado’ com o ‘profano’ na sociedade midiatizada evoca. Para tal, foram realizados dois grupos de discussão, um formado por pessoas evangélicas e outro formado por pessoas não-evangélicas, para analisar como as atrações gospel exibidas pelo programa Esquenta! – transmitido dominicalmente pela Rede Globo – são ressignificadas pela audiência. Interessou-nos compreender como os conteúdos religiosos deslocados de seu contexto original são reapropriados pelo público. Para efetuar nossa análise, tomamos como referencial teórico os conceitos de cultura gospel e de midiatização, especialmente o conceito de bios midiático, e a discussão sobre secularização proposta por Habermas.
Revisitando o papel da exemplificação: a formação de juízos de terceira pessoa e do apoio às restrições do uso de smartphones em sala de aula
Authors: Lima Marcelo Oliveira
Published: March 2022

Tomando como base a pesquisa desenvolvida por Schmierbach et al (2012) nós replicamos, com adaptações, o experimento testado no referido trabalho, buscando identificar se estímulos baseados em notícias que narram casos exemplares moderam as percepções de terceira pessoa. O método proposto foi o de criação de quatro diferentes grupos de comparação que receberam diferentes estímulos focados em casos exemplares ou baseados em estatísticas, sendo que cada uma dessas condições foi dividida por valência positiva ou negativa. O experimento foi realizado em uma escola pública brasileira, com a participação de cem alunos, que responderam questionários sobre uso de smartphones em sala de aula. Encontramos evidências parciais que suportam a existência de Efeitos de Terceira pessoa moderados pela exemplificação.
Transformações na atividade de assessoria de imprensa no Brasil: um panorama atual da atividade a partir de pesquisa de campo exploratória
Authors: Duarte Jorge Antonio Menna , Barros Antonio Teixeira de , Cardoso Fernanda Devilla , De Sousa Neto Henrique Rufino , Vidal Juliana Silveira do Nascimento , Dos Anjos Keule Gardenia Tôrres , Oliveira Maria Louiza Batista de , Guimarães Marília Figueredo
Published: March 2022

O artigo resulta de pesquisa qualitativa, baseada em 48 entrevistas semiestruturadas com profissionais de assessoria de imprensa que atuam no Distrito Federal.  O foco da análise são as alterações nas assessorias de imprensa, a adequação no modo de produzir, disseminar, buscar a informação, com atenção às novas ferramentas de repercussão da notícia. As conclusões mostram que a atividade passou e ainda passa por expressivas transformações em função das inovações tecnológicas. O novo ambiente informacional passou a exigir mais dinamismo e novas competências dos profissionais de AI.
A intertextualidade em narrativas televisivas: práticas de citação e alusão numa comédia de situação brasileira
Authors: Bona Rafael Jose
Published: March 2022

O trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as práticas de intertextualidade, por meio da citação e alusão, nos esquetes televisivos da antiga comédia de situação, Os Trapalhões, veiculada na TV Globo. A pesquisa se classifica como descrita, de abordagem qualitativa. São analisados três esquetes televisivos: trapaclipe Thriller, Espantanale O novo recruta, todos veiculados entre os anos de 1984 e 1990. Como resultado se constata que o conteúdo das narrativas apela para as competências do espectador que reconhece as apropriações e associações, realizadas a partir da cultura audiovisual estrangeira e nacional. Os Trapalhões, em seus esquetes, utilizavam fatos do cotidiano, da economia, do cenário e da política brasileira, além de aspectos de double coding, no sentido de provocar o riso em seus espectadores.
MÍDIA: O GÊNERO JORNALÍSTICO E A ABORDAGEM DIALÓGICA
Authors: Stacheski Denise
Published: March 2022

O artigo “Mídia: o gênero jornalístico e a abordagem dialógica” tem como foco a discussão das interações entre os discursos midiáticos e a coletividade abordando premissas de várias teorias de comunicação, principalmente a teoria crítica e a teoria culturológica, bem como os conceitos teóricos e as práticas cotidianas com as abordagens dialógicas propostas por Mikhail Bahktin (1997; 2000), pensador russo, que vem sendo referenciado em produções acadêmicas brasileiras sobre gêneros jornalísticos e as funções sociais dos meios de comunicação de massa. Ao final da discussão, o estudo nos mostra que é possível conceber que os meios de comunicação de massa escapam do pessimismo elitista dos teóricos críticos, bem como também se afastam da concepção ingênua dos que veneram a cultura midiática (STAM, 2010) e se entrelaçam nos dois caminhos.