bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in collective consciousness of modern society
Authors: Pakhar Lyudmila Ivanovna
Published: November 2020

This article is dedicated to the analysis of collective consciousness and transformations it has experienced for the past century. Collective consciousness as spiritual fiber of a considerable part of citizens is c crucial indicator of the stability of country’s political system. It contains the most common representations, moods, feelings, and emotions that ideally reflect the actual processes taking place in social life. Collective consciousness in Western democracies marks prevalence of the distortion of moral and family values, selfishness, euphoria of superiority over other nations, comfort oversaturation, exaggerated perception of human rights, etc. This indicates a dead end for further development of the Western civilization. The analysis of social reality of modern Russia allows concluding that collective consciousness has been severely affected by the bourgeois ideology. However, the life circumstances force the Russians to take a critical at the bourgeois priorities, reconsider their past and turn to the native roots. Currently, the majority of Russians experience nostalgic feelings towards the missing social justice and equality. They constantly feel anxiety, fear and uncertainty about tomorrow. This circumstance should serve as an alert for the country’s authorities and make them seek the solutions adequate to the people’s aspirations
Slepenu izmeklēšanas metožu lietošanas principu attiecināmība uz likumā “Par policiju” paredzētā kontrolpirkuma izpildi
Authors: Grinciuns Mārcis
Published: November 2020

Rakstā tiek pētīta Eiropas Cilvēktiesību tiesas (ECT) pausto slepeno izmeklēšanas metožu (undercover operations) izpildes principu attiecināmība uz likumā “Par policiju” noteiktā kontrolpirkuma (turpmāk rakstā – policijas kontrolpirkums) izpildi. Policijas kontrolpirkums galvenokārt tiek veikts, lai atklātu administratīvos pārkāpumus, kuru izskatīšana nav piekritīga ECT, jo Cilvēka tiesību un pamatbrīvību aizsardzības konvencijas (turpmāk rakstā – Konvencija) 6. pantā noteiktās tiesības uz taisnīgu tiesu paredzētas apsūdzētajiem krimināllietās [1, angļu valodas versija]. Taču atsevišķos gadījumos arī administratīvais pārkāpums (vai disciplinārpārkāpums) var būt piekritīgs ECT kompetencei – tas atkarīgs no tā, kāda rakstura pārkāpums tiek izmeklēts un kāds sods par tā izdarīšanu paredzēts. ECT ir definējusi trīs kritērijus, pēc kuriem tā vērtē, vai pārkāpums atbilst krimināla pārkāpuma būtībai un ir piekritīgs Konvencijas 6. pantam. Aktuāls ir jautājums, vai likumpārkāpumi, kuru izmeklēšanā ir paredzēts izmantot policijas kontrolpirkumu, ir piekritīgi Konvencijas 6. pantam, un, ja tā, vai policijas kontrolpirkuma normatīvais regulējums ir atbilstošs ECT paustajiem slepenu izmeklēšanas metožu lietojuma principiem (nosacījumiem).

The article examines the relevance of the principles of the use of secret investigation methods (undercover operations) expressed by the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) to the test-purchase measure set out in the Law “On police” (police test-purchase). The police test-purchase mainly is used to detect administrative offences which are not subject to review by the ECHR, since the right to a fair trial provided in Article 6 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (Convention) is reserved for defendants in criminal proceedings. The question is whether the offences, where police test-purchase is used as part of investigation, are subject to Article 6 of the Convention, and if so, whether the regulatory framework for police control is in line with the principles (conditions) of the use of secret investigative methods expressed by the ECHR.
Problems and Issues Related To Mother of an Only Child in India
Authors: Disha Chaudhari
Published: November 2020

In a nation like INDIA where ‘Chieftain’ is very important word with every one, it is a hard challenge for a mother to grow their children even if she is having family to support her. Many parents get confused about having a single child or more than one. They generally facing some questions like ‘Never have just one child!’, ‘Are only children happier?’, “The Best Reasons for Having More Than One Child” and many more. They often get confused about deciding whether have a single child or more that they could not decided what is better for their child. So this article is all about the problems and its solution related to single child and her mother as parent.
Prevalence Rate of Disruptive Behavior Disorders among the Preschool Children
Authors: MojtabaHabibi  , NargesZamani  , Mani B.Monajemi  , Zahra Fadaei
Published: November 2020

Background:Disruptive BehaviorDisorders (Conduct Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) are one of the most common psychiatric disorders among children. Due to high prevalence of this disorder and its destructive effects on individual’s general functioning, the Prevalence Rate of Disruptive BehaviorDisorderamong the preschool children in Hamedan city was assessed throughout this study. Method:602 preschool children were selected via random cluster sampling method. Data of this cross-sectional research has been collected through complied questionnaire based on the DSM-5 Disruptive BehaviorDisorder symptoms and CSI-4 test. The data of this investigation has been analyzed and evaluated via SPSS software. Results: The results showed higher prevalence of Disruptive Behavior disorders (Hyperactivity and Impulsive Disorder (13.78), Attention Deficit disorder (11.79), both Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (9.63), Oppositional Defiant Disorder(5.31) and Conduct Disorder (4.48)) in boys in comparing to girls. Conclusion:Among all sub-types of Disruptive Behavior Disorders, ADHD had the highest prevalence among the Children.Due to the high prevalence of ADHD among primary school students and its adverse outcomes, following proper therapeutic/Interventional procedures is advised.
Gender Differences in Adolescent’s Health: the Effect of Coping Mechanism
Authors: Farzana Parveen  , Sarah Javed
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Previous studies have suggested that male and female experience different types and severities of physical and psychological health symptoms. This study examined whether in the case of adolescents gender differences in physical and psychological health symptoms could actually be the result of differences in coping mechanism. Various factors have an influence on which coping strategies are mobilized under specific circumstances like age and gender. The present paper focuses on the interrelationships between the ways of coping and some health-related variables in adolescence. Objectives: (i) To find out gender differences affecting physical and psychological health symptoms. (ii)To find out gender differences affecting coping styles.(iii) To ascertain the relationship between coping styles and both physical and psychological health symptoms, in both male and female adolescents. Methods: The participants of the present study comprised of 100 adolescents male 50 and female 50 and they were from senior secondary schools and graduate schools recruited from Aligarh. They are adolescents and their age ranged from 13 to 18 years. Measures: Brief Cope Scale was developed by (Carver. 1997). The Brief Cope is a Likert type questionnaire that contains 14 strategies although the Brief COPE contains 28 items. WHO-QOL Scale: World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment, the WHOQOL-100 is a cross-culturally valid assessment of well-being. Assessment is operationalized through 100 items representing 25 facets organized in six domains. Result and Conclusion The results of this study suggest that doctors, school counselors and family therapists may want to take gender differences in coping styles into account when seeing adolescent patients for physical or psychological health symptoms, and find ways to help the adolescents cope more effectively with their stressors.
Rate and Predictors of Depression among Selected Under Graduates and Post Graduate Students of Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan
Authors: Aqsa Bibi  , Ehsan Humayun  , Sundus Bibi  , Atif Ur Rehman  , Nodia Shujaat
Published: November 2020

Mental health issues in university students are important problem which are needed to be addressed on priority basis according to the epidemiological data. Objective of current study were the screening of Post graduated and under graduates of Hazara University Garden Campus for assessing the rate of depression and its predictors among them. Total 600 students were approached, 300 post graduate students and 300 under graduate students data were collected by means of questionnaire. Beck Depression scale used as standard and questions were prepared according to it to assess major factors of depression. Response rate of students was reported 436/600, 209 under graduates and 227 post graduates respectively. In under graduates minimal to mild depression was reported 94.74% however only 5.26% students had moderate depression. On other hand 98.68% post graduates fall in mild to moderate degree of depression while moderate depression was reported in only 1.32% students. Interestingly none of student falls under category of severe depression. Major cause of depression among all graduates was academic stress as it is 73.68% and 54.60% in under graduates and post graduates respectively. Universities and health authorities should done studies among students to determine rate of depression and steps should be taken to minimize causes of depression among students so they can attain a good mental health status.
A Case of Schizophrenia with High Expressed Emotion, Caregivers Burnout and Family Dysfunction
Authors: Ms. Sabana Nasrin Islam  , Ms. Buli Nag Daimari
Published: November 2020

Ongoing family stress and demands during the course of treatment and care giving pose challenges for the mental health professionals besides the primary care provided by the family. The present case illustration allows the practitioner/clinicians to see the full range of family relationships and how family members are impacted when one or more members are experiencing hurt and pain. Family relationships are sources of most intense emotions in people’s lives and hearing the experiences and views of the entire family gives us a comprehensive assessment which helps the practitioner intervene at the level appropriate to the individuals need. The case highlights the importance of family interactional pattern in the management of Schizophrenia.
Perceived Sexual Abuse and Quality of Life of Female Workers of Unorganized Sector- An Exploratory Study from Four Districts of West Bengal
Authors: Dishari Gupta  , Dr. Ishita Chatterjee
Published: November 2020

Women workers today play an essential and significant role in the economic structure of the country and 94% of women make up the unorganized sector of India. Domestic Violence affects women’s productivity in all forms of life i.e. assaulted women will always get agonized and emotionally disturbed and are often bruised after occurrence of the torment. A working woman may lose her efficiency in work or drop out from work in some cases. The present study aims to explore the magnitude of sexual abuse by intimate partners and the quality of life of women aged 18 -35 years in 4 districts of West Bengal. Close ended questionnaire and focused group discussions were conducted to understand their experiences regarding perception of sexual abuse. The contributing factors to violence were alcohol abuse, desire to gain control over another family member and unjustified suspicion. This analysis might be used to improve future partner violence prevention and treatment programs.
Unsociability With In the Same Sex
Authors: Nilosmita Banerjee
Published: November 2020

Socializing in today’s world is considered as one of the most important things. With the growing concept of social media and many other such aspects, socialization has now gained an even more predominant status. This phenomenon is of most importance among the younger generation, especially the adolescents. This study focuses on the concept of social phobia, also commonly known as social anxiety, among adolescents. This study tries to explore the prevalence of social phobia amongst the adolescent girls belonging to different types of institutions which include a co-ed college and a girls college. The samples for the study were in the age range of 15-17 years, 30 samples from each college. They belonged to eleventh grade. The other variable which was different was that the samples who belonged from the co-ed college belonged to the arts stream, and the samples from the girls college were from the science stream. The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale for Children and Adolescents (1987;Micheal Liebowitz) was administered on the students to measure the social anxiety, and they were given five open-ended questions which asked them, what would they do in certain social situations and what measures they would take to resolve them if they have any problem in the situations mentioned. The results showed an interesting aspect in respect to the prevalence of social anxiety among adolescent samples belonging to the different set ups of college. There was a difference of 13.34% in the prevalence of the social anxiety levels among the students. The samples from the co-ed college fell in the category of the 13.34%, wherein they showed levels of social anxiety as compared to the social anxiety levels of the samples in the girls’ college. It was also interesting to notice the differences and similarities in the responses the students from the two types of institutions provided. The study focuses on understanding whether the levels of social phobia or anxiety differ among the same gender of females in differing contexts, such as the nature of the institution or the type of stream they choose to study.
Income Disparity as a Predictor of Happiness and Self-Esteem
Authors: Azmat Jahan  , Namita Tyagi  , Sushma Suri
Published: November 2020

Context: Researchers have studied extensively whether people with higher income are happier. But still there is a controversy among the researchers regarding the relationship between income and happiness. Few researchers have demonstrated a correlation between higher income and greater happiness (Clark, 2008 and Chicago Tribune, 2010). Whereas other found that happiness remained stagnant despite large increases in average real personal income. (Easterlin, 1974) 90 female high school teachers from private schools in Delhi and NCR were taken as a sample of the study. All the participants were equally divided into 3 groups on the basis of their income i.e. 15,000-20,000, 20,100 – 25,000 and 25,100 – 30,000 per month. Context: Researchers have studied extensively whether people with higher income are happier. But still there is a controversy among the researchers regarding the relationship between income and happiness. Few researchers have demonstrated a correlation between higher income and greater happiness (Clark, 2008 and Chicago Tribune, 2010). Whereas other found that happiness remained stagnant despite large increases in average real personal income. (Easterlin, 1974) 90 female high school teachers from private schools in Delhi and NCR were taken as a sample of the study. All the participants were equally divided into 3 groups on the basis of their income i.e. 15,000-20,000, 20,100 – 25,000 and 25,100 – 30,000 per month.
A Brief Account of the Base Component of Transformational Generative Grammar
Authors: Ahmed M. S. Alduais
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To briefly introduce base component of transformational generative grammar (TGG). Method: The study is mainly descriptive where previous and related studies are reviewed and presented to reach a view about the base component of TGG. Results: Base component serves as input to two basic elements of language which are semantic rules and deep structure. Semantic rules give semantic representation. Deep structure leads to transformational rules or transformations which again lead to surface structure. Conclusions: Base component has been introduced and modified in different stages under standard theory (ST) and then it has been modified to extended standard theory (EST). Later on and as a recent modification of this theory, it has been introduced in terms of what is known in nowadays as revised extended standard theory (REST).
TRANS GENDERS: An Analysis of their Body, Mind and Culture
Authors: Dr. Madhusudhan. S  , Vaniprabha G. V
Published: November 2020

A transgender individual may have characteristics that are normally associated with a particular gender and identify elsewhere on the traditional gender continuum, or exist outside of it as other, age, gender neutral third gender etc. Furthermore, many transgender people experience a period of identity development that includes better understanding one’s self-image, self-reflection, and self-expression. More specifically, the degree to which individuals feel genuine, authentic, and comfortable within their external appearance and accept their genuine identity is referred to as transgender congruence. This study explored these factors of body, mind and their culture among this population in Bengaluru, India
Relationship between Fear of Negative Evaluation and Anxiety
Authors: Ganesh Kumar J  , Athilakshmi R  , Maharishi R  , Maya R
Published: November 2020

Anxiety is an important psychological phenomenon which influences everyone’s life. In other words everyone experience some sort of anxiety in a day to day life. Many people experience anxiety when they speak in front of public. For most people especially, students these feelings of anxiety start before they begin to speak and continue throughout the speech but subside immediately after the speech ends. Some may feel only slightly nervous whereas another may feel faded and nauseated. Like anxiety, fear of negative evaluation also one of an important psychological factors which negatively influences performance of students. With this background, the present study attempted to understand the relationship between these psychological factors of students deeply. A study was done at VIT University-Chennai among 64 students studying in different branches of engineering. Samples of the study are both hostel dwellers and day scholars. Of the 64 students, 33 were female and 31 were male, who were selected through simple random sampling method and survey research design was adopted. The tools used in this study are Fear of Negative Evaluation (FNE; Watson & Friend, 1969) and State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI; Speilberger, Gorsuch, Lushene, Vagg& Jacobs, 1983). The results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between anxiety and fear of negative evaluation. In other words the fear of negativism and State Trait Anxiety correlated highly positively.
Self-Perception, Character Strengths and Happiness Factors among North Indian Adolescents
Authors: Kamlesh Singh  , Swati Sharma
Published: November 2020

Positive psychology emphasizes the need to study positive traits related to positive human functioning. These traits help individual flourish beyond mere absence of illness. The concept of self and character strengths is made of many such traits. The present study aimed to understand the perceptions of adolescents about self, character strengths and happiness. A total of 1323 adolescents of North India aged 11-19 years (814 male and 509 female, Mean =15.35 years, SD = 1.39) participated in the study. Qualitative data was collected via semi-structured interviews. Recurring themes were identified and percentage of responses in each category was calculated. Results were mostly found to be similar across gender. Majority of adolescents were found to be satisfied with their physical appearance and dressing style. Character strengths like self-regulation, honesty and kindness were found most desirable in the study. Few differences were noted in description of ideal qualities of a man and woman. Present paper describes comprehensively perceived factors related to self, character strengths and happiness among North Indian adolescents.
Stress among Indian Doctors: A Gender Variation
Authors: Dr Sumiran Passey  , Prof. Dr. Jaspal Singh Sandhu  , Dr. Shweta Shenoy
Published: November 2020

Objective: Variations in work related stress and physical activity levels have been seen with a emphasis on sex difference. This cross-sectional study was designed to report the gender difference in stress dynamics and physical activity, and propose a framework for finding out the source causing these differences and associated lifestyle risk factors for cardio-metabolic disorders. Design: A cross-sectional study was designed which analysed 113 doctors (58 females and 55 males) for perceived and measured stress using validated questionnaires and methods. Long term time domain index of Heart Rate Variability was used to measure stress. Physical activity levels were also measured along with history questionnaire focusing on risk factors of lifestyle disorders. Results: The perceived stress measured by PSS-14, MSP-9 and VAS(stress) showed higher recorded values in female doctors (45.50±4.08, 36.21±7.52, 6.07±2.26) as compared to male doctors (44.00±5.58, 34.40±6.81, 5.47±2.25), respectively. The measured stress showed a significant comparison between both the genders putting males (44.79±10.69) under more stress than females (50.76±11.69) (p<0.05). The energy expenditure was higher in female doctors (2171.09±1703.66) than male doctors (1981.21±1440.17). Conclusion: Female doctors had high perceived stress levels with high levels of physical activity whereas male counterparts had high measured stress with low measured physical activity levels.
Psychological Assessment of Shyness among Children
Authors: Prabhakar, M. L.  , Dr. Ravikumar, M. B.
Published: November 2020

Shyness is a common but little-understood emotion. Shyness is not a mental disorder. Common sense indicates that Shyness is a behavior pattern characterized by inhibition in some situations. It is a behavior pattern in which the person does not express (or expresses few) thoughts and feelings do not interact actively, and can have physiological alterations like rapid breathing and heart beating. So shyness is the feeling of withdrawal and ineptness when facing situations a person is unfamiliar with. Shyness is a problem for untold numbers of people. The goal of the present study is to explore the shyness of children. Objectives: 1. To study the gender differences in shyness of children. 2. To study the domicile differences in shyness of children. The sample consisted of 120 children; among 60 were male children and 60 were female children. Selected children were measured on Shyness Assessment Test developed by D’Souza (2006). Results indicated that male and female children did not differ in their shyness scores in all the domains-cognitive/affective, physiological, action oriented domains and total shyness scores. Children from rural area were shyer than children from urban areas in all the domains- cognitive/affective, physiological, action oriented domains and total shyness scores.
Women Exploitation: Violence against Women in India
Authors: Neha Sharma  , Sunita
Published: November 2020

Violence against women is very important and contemporary issue of discussion in India. In this regard, the policies of Indian government always have tried to overcome and solve the problem of violence against women by providing them valuable justice. But even after providing so many legislations and constitutional rights in favor of women by Indian government, still, women of India have faced many types of violence such as gang rape, spousal rape (marital rape) and sexual harassment especially. The present study is focused on the violence against women occurring in Indian society. The study reveals that very few women in India have approached to the help of police force in emergency situations, so that, there is a great need of conducting various awareness programs among women and Indian society about various preventive and remedial measures of violence against women. There must be to set up a women helpline team which serves as a quick redressal mechanism for protection of women against this mercy less crime.
Investigating the Effect of Diet Therapy on Reducing Women’s Overall Self-Esteem
Authors: Moghadam, Safoura  , Niknejadi, Farzaneh  , Irvani, Mohammad-Reza
Published: November 2020

Overweight and obesity make physical and psychological complications for people. In this regard, Low self-esteem will be the most important psychological condition. This study investigates the effect of diet therapy of women (reduction in body mass) on reducing their overall self-esteem. The population of the study was the women who were referred to diet therapy clinic in Isfahan (2014). The number of 30 subjects among them was selected. In order to measure women’s self-esteem, Cooper Smith Self-Esteem Test is used for demographic data, a self-measured questionnaire was used. Analysis of the data in the study was descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that there is a significant difference between the self-esteem of women in four steps that indicate an effective diet therapy (reduction of body mass) on reducing self-esteem of women between the four stages It means that it leads to low self-esteem in women’s diet therapy (0.05> P).
Why is it Difficult to Train a Wolf Employee? – A HR Insight to Tame the Untamed
Authors: Gokulshankar Sabesan  , Remya Vallathol  , Kavitha Gokulshankar  , Mohanty BK  , Ranjith MS
Published: November 2020

The wolf is an aggressive beast genetically related to the dogs. Unlike dogs, the wolves are difficult to be trained and tamed. There are employees in the corporate who exhibit the behavior of wolf. This paper presents the fact on how the wolf like behavior of employees affects the corporate and gives the management strategies to the Human Resource department to manage such employees.
Coping Patterns of Sero Positive Person: A Qualitative Study
Authors: P. K. Rai  , Dr. Sanjita Gupta  , Rituraj
Published: November 2020

This paper is based on qualitative analysis of sero positive persons, copping strategies based on semi structured interview schedule, narrative analysis and in depth analysis. Eight case histories have been analysed, On the basis of different coping strategies and world views. Self narrative of a positive person who has been transformed in to a global AIDS counsellor, married to a sero negative woman, has been discussed in detail. Excerpt from his interview has also been portrayed. Case histories have been analysed and labelled in to dominant coping strategies like venting of emotions, positive restructuring and growth, cognitive reappraisal etc. Positive self regulation of emotional pain has also been depicted. These analyses have relevance for psychological counselling for positive persons struggling to overcome the distress and want to lead adaptive life in their families. It portrays that positive persons have immerse capabilities to cope with adversities and positive self transformation.
A Study of Creativity In Relation To Big 5 Personality Traits
Authors: Dr. Thiyam Kiran Singh  , Sakshi Kaushik
Published: November 2020

The study of personality is one of the oldest areas in the science of creativity. Creative people combine playfulness and discipline or responsibility and irresponsibility. Creativity has been acknowledged as one of the most predominant factors contributing to individual performance in various domains of work and both researchers and practitioners have been devoting increasing attention to creative performance. Thus, the present investigation aimed at studying creativity in relation to Big 5 Personality Traits. The sample comprised of 40 artists (20 performing artists and 20 non-performing artists) between 25-35 years of age. For this purpose Big Five Inventory (BFI) developed by John and Srivastava (1999) was used to assess the domains of: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism. Creativity was assessed by using the relevant items for the virtue of Creativity from the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths Scale (VIA-IS) developed by Peterson, Park, & Seligman (2005). To achieve the objectives of the study, inter correlations and t-ratios were calculated. The results found significant correlation ship between creativity and extraversion showing that more creative artists expressed more extraversion than the less creative ones. Also, there were no significant difference between performing and non-performing artists in creativity and the big 5 personality traits.
Person of the Issue: Melanie Klein (1882-1903)
Authors: Ankit Patel
Published: November 2020

Melanie Klein was born on March 30, 1882, in Vienna, Austria. In 1903, she married Arthur Klein and relocated to Budapest. They had three children, born in 1904, 1907, and 1914. Klein’s first personal experience in the field of psychoanalysis began when she sought treatment for herself after her mother died in 1914. Earlier in her youth, Klein’s siblings died: her brother died when she was 20, and her sister died when Klein was 4 years old. Klein was in treatment with Sandor Ferenczi between 1914 and 1917.
Klein was a pioneer in the treatment of children. She was among the first to use psychoanalysis on children and implemented several never-before implemented techniques and tools. She often used play and toys to help children discuss psychological issues. Klein’s approach to psychoanalysis conflicted with much of Sigmund Freud’s work. Freud drew his ideas on child development from the recollections of his adult patients, but Klein worked directly with children and toddlers, giving her unique insight into the child development process. She defied Freud, arguing that the superego is actually present the moment a child is born, preceding the Oedipal complex. Klein also claimed that a primitive form of the Oedipal complex was present much earlier in development than Freud claimed, as a child becomes preoccupied with overwhelming parental authority.
Attitude of Parents, Teachers and Students towards Corporal Punishment
Authors: Dr. Mahesh Kumar Muchhal  , Arun Kumar
Published: November 2020

This Paper examines corporal punishment in the current education system. During the Gurukul system of Education, the disciples were punished for their indiscipline and misbehavior. But the punishment was only confined to do some physical work and had no adverse effect on the physical and mental abilities of the child. In modern time period universalization of elementary education is the prime motive of our govt. But unfortunately this type of formal education makes the child more and unhappy. The reason behind this unhappiness is existence of corporal punishment in formal system of education. The purpose of the present study was to judge the attitude of parents, teachers and students towards corporal punishment. For this purpose the investigator prepared self-made questionnaire. The finding shows that inflicting physical punishment creates pain, fear and feelings of humiliation and does not remove the cause of misbehavior. So the main thing is that discipline as a mean of punishment should be avoided and we should aim at making the child self-disciplined. Children should know how to discipline themselves and then grow up to become adults who are responsible i.e. able to carry on the important responsibilities of life.
Linkages of Organ/Tissue Donation and Transplantation with “Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs”- Indian Stories
Authors: Reeta Dar
Published: November 2020

This paper draws a parallel of Maslow hierarchy of needs with organ donation and transplantation and illustrates how these needs i.e., physiological, security, love and belongingness, self-esteem and self-actualization are inter-dependent, interlinked and entrenched in both living as well as deceased organ donation and transplantation. The paper illustrates the nuances of inter-linkages of need satisfaction of people and professionals in organ donation and transplantation. With some case studies, it draws attention to the plight of impoverished people and insecure women who are exploited or intimidated into donating organs for meeting their physiological and security needs in class stratified and gender insensitive social milieu respectively. It however, reveres the acts of donation of organs by relatives of deceased donors who allow donation of organs from Brain Stem Dead donors in India and illustrates how security needs of these families are met through the most powerful and altruistic act of organ donation that gives life to a number of people fighting end stage organ failures. The paper traces new expectations of love and belongingness in the form of organ donation and discusses role reversal of females even on Rakshabandan, a Hindu festival that celebrates love and affection between a sister and a brother. The sisters risk their lives and gift their organs to give a fresh lease of life to their brothers. Drawing attention to the forth level of needs, the paper discusses the plight of some vulnerable people who end up donating organs for gratification of their self-esteem needs in contrast to transplantation community who seek gratification of the same need through transplantation and influencing law making process in context of both living and deceased donation. It admires the gratification of self-actualization needs of a number of people who pledge to donate tissues, organs as well as the bodies after death/Brain Stem Death. India being a progressive country in organ donation and transplantation, this paper reveals how some professionals having satisfied all other basic needs, spend their own money and work tirelessly for pushing ahead the National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organization (NOTTO) under the aegis of National Organ Transplant Programme(NOTP ) in the country.
Ecological Niche Theory: A Brief Review
Authors: Mina Khatibi  , Razieh Sheikholeslami
Published: November 2020

In ecology, a niche is a term with a variety of meanings related to the behavior of a species living under specific environmental conditions. The ecological niche describes how an organism or population responds to the distribution of resources and competitors. The ecological niche concept expresses the relationship of an individual or a population to all aspects of its environment. Studies on the relationship between human population and environmental resources have employed niche concept. Ecological niche comprehends all conditions necessary for an organism to exist.
Qualitative Analysis of Counselling Approaches for Caregivers of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Authors: Samir Dalwai  , Deepti Kanade-Modak  , Dania Siddiqui  , Diksha Gajria  , Sohini Chatterjee
Published: November 2020

About 18% of children in India (2-9 years of age) have neurodevelopmental disorders in rural areas and 13% in cities. Data derived from five multidisciplinary intervention centres (including monthly parental counselling) in Mumbai for children with special needs, forms the reference for this study. Evidence-based counselling practices like Behavioural Modification and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy undergo key adaptations for parents in the Indian context. The current qualitative analysis describes these adaptations (60 counselling sessions; parents of 10 representative children). Discussion includes a focus on acceptance of disability by parents; embedding counselling within all components of an intervention program; goal-driven counselling; tailored home-programs to institute sustainable management of disabilities; and counselling goals that are jointly agreed upon by counsellors and parents.
Emergence of Loneliness through Degradation of Our Physical Environment
Authors: Shelly Bhagat
Published: November 2020

Our Environment is growing and enriching us on the cost of its own well being. The matter of concern of environmental psychology is so much important in today’s era to save the future psychological/mental as well as physical health. The core idea of learning the cause of loneliness due to the physical changes of environment can hence change the foresightedness for the field of psychology. The few basic and the important factors which are helpful in understanding the overall health of the environment and its contribution in the loneliness of human beings are discussed in this study.
Depression: Personality and Gender towards Alcohol Drinking Attitude
Authors: Dr Thiyam Kiran Singh  , Nishtha Kumar
Published: November 2020

The main purpose of the research was to study the relationship between the personality characteristics and gender on attitude towards alcohol drinking of the patients who has depression. The study utilized a 2×2 design. The sample population was Ninety which comprised of Females and Males and all were patients diagnosed as depression. The samples were collected from Delhi, Ahmedabad and Mumbai using purposive sampling method. Patients who fulfilled inclusion criteria were administered McCroskey Introversion scale (1997) and based on the scoring, sample population was divided into two groups: 1. Introverts and 2. Extroverts people. Scoring high on the test was classified as introverts and patients who score low on the test were classified as extroverts. Further classification was done as introvert males, introvert females, extrovert males and extrovert females. Scale measuring Attitude Towards Alcohol by B.R Bharda and P.R Girija(1983) was administered on all four groups of sample population. Analysis was done by using 2- way Analysis of Variance. The study found significant difference of Personality Characteristics (Introversion &Extroversion) on Attitude towards alcohol and also significant difference of Gender (male &female) on Attitude towards alcohol which conclude that extrovert personality has negative attitude towards drinking alcohol whereas introvert personality has positive attitude towards drinking alcohol. Again, the study also proclaim that female has negative attitude towards drinking alcohol where as male has positive attitude towards drinking alcohol.
A Study of Perception toward Parents in Juvenile Delinquents in Delhi
Authors: Chhaya Tomar  , Dr. Amita Puri
Published: November 2020

The present paper titled, “A study of perception toward parents in juvenile delinquents in Delhi” was conducted on 300 adolescent boys (n= 300) of different observation home in Delhi, India. The purpose of the present study was to search and evaluate the parents-child relationship from the adolescent’s perspective (age ranged from 7-18 yrs) who had engaged in criminal activities. This is an attempt to find out the correlation between different parenting practices and juvenile delinquency. For this purpose, sample was selected through quota sampling method and the present study also utilized a 3x2x2 factorial research design to measure the degree of correlation among the variables. Data was obtained by using ‘The Parental Involvement Scale (PIS-CA)’ developed by Dr. Vijaya Laxmi and Dr. Gunjan Arora. The results were found to be interesting and are expanded in the paper.
Impact of Globalization on Higher Education in India: Issues, Challenges and Alternatives
Authors: Dr. Shailendra Singh
Published: November 2020

Globalization is an umbrella term that refers to increasing global connectivity, integration and interdependence in the economic, social, technological, cultural, political, and ecological spheres. It is a unitary process inclusive of many such sub-processes, perhaps as best understood as enhanced economic interdependence, increased cultural influence, rapid advances of information technology, and novel governance and geopolitical challenges. Higher education includes certain collegiate level institutions, such as vocational schools, trade schools, and career colleges that award degrees, diplomas and certificates. Globalization of higher education has brought remarkable changes in cross-border education. Attracting a good number of international students has been fairly a strong base of educational trade that is growing rapidly around the world. India has one of the largest and most complex higher educational systems in the world. Prior to a few decades ago, due to multifarious reasons, India was unable to attract a good number of foreign students in its universities. Keeping this in mind, the Government of India has taken various steps and launched a few ambitious programmes. Now, Indian universities and other institutes are open to the global market and hope to attract foreign students. This paper examine different aspect of globalization which can usefully be viewed as challenges to higher education especially in its efforts to develop diverse ideas and demonstration of quality and systems of quality guarantee that will be useful and sustainable in this situation.
Teenage Technological Addictions (TTA) – Impact On Social Skills
Authors: P. Ramakrishna  , T. Rajini
Published: November 2020

Technology creation “INTERNET” is rapid and becoming a natural background aspect of everyone in their daily life. It is considered as a double edged weapon both giving information and even giving side effects as well which are mostly ignored. Is widely used in terms of information seeking, communication, following telegraph, telephone, radio, and television. Postal a forgotten concept after the emergence of Internet. It acts as a bridge reaching mass audience. Research has not formally identified addictive use of the Internet as a problematic behavior. This study is focusing on the impact of social skills of the individuals with internet usage. Methods: Demographic Data Sheet, Internet Addiction Test, Social Skills Test & Diagnostic Questionnaire. Data was analyzed. Conclusions: This study explores the continued prolonged usage of Internet and becoming addicted causing to the extent of impending misuse. Clinical and social inference of pathological Internet use and the future directions for research are discussed.
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy in Adolescent with Evolving Anxious Avoidant Personality Disorder
Authors: Mahesh M M  , Sahana Madhyastha
Published: November 2020

Theoretical models propose that Personality Disorders (PD) have definite temperamental precursors in childhood (Millon, 1981; Rutter, 1987). ICD 10 Classification diagnostic guidelines also regard manifestations of PD traits in early childhood and adolescence. There is some research evidence suggesting early manifestations of AAPD in childhood and adolescence (Rettew et al., 2003). Severity and persistence of symptoms through early to late adolescence exceeding sub-syndromal levels warrants discussion of presentation and treatment of this case. The patient is a 16 years old boy from first PUC reported complaints of avoiding school earlier and now college because of significant anxiety in interpersonal interaction, fear of being negatively judged, criticized and rejected in social situations and occasional sad mood. These symptoms precipitated five years ago after a love proposal from a girl in school in which he was falsely implicated. Currently also has doubts and fear related to academics. Psychological assessment supports the diagnosis of AAPD. Highly orthodox family environment, indulgent parenting style absence of father, anxious and shy temperament laid the foundation and reinforced negative self-concept. Relaxation training, cognitive restructuring, graded exposure therapy with components of social skills training were carried out (30sessions). Following treatment he is regular to college and is able to challenge his negative cognitions with minor hitches. This case illustrates the need to consider diagnosing and treating AAPD in adolescence when symptoms are severe.
Hardiness and Psychological Distress among University Students Studying In Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Jaya Jotwani
Published: November 2020

Mental health has become an increasingly important concern in our society with more and more psychological disorders affecting the younger population. Moreover, the prevalence and seriousness of psychological disorder have been found to be on the rise among university students and their level of mental distress has also been found to be higher compared to the general population. Therefore, mental health of the student population deserves our special attention because not only the university students have to deal with the academic demands and heavy workloads associated with pursuing a higher education but they also have to face a wide myriad of personal, academic and social challenges in this critical and often transitional period of one’s life. This co-relational study examines the relationship between hardiness and psychosocial distress among 100 university students studying in Madhya Pradesh. The sample was selected on purposive basis. These dimensions with reference to demographic factors are included for analyses and their relationships with the levels of psychological distress measured by Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) (2003) and hardiness measured by Bartone’s Dispositional Resilience Scale (DRS-15) (1993) are investigated. In addition, possible domicile and gender differences in the pattern of associations are explored. The data were compiled using self-administered questionnaires, and the collected data were processed and interpreted using comparative statistics and correlation analyses. The results indicate that there is a significant negative correlation between hardiness and psychological distress among university students. Furthermore, students belonging to rural areas showed higher levels of psychological distress than urban students In contrast, there is no significant difference in the levels of hardiness as well as in psychological distress between male and female university students.
Inclusive Education: Challenges & Practices
Authors: Md. Amzad
Published: November 2020

Inclusion is an educational approach and philosophy that provides all students with community membership and greater opportunities for academic and social achievement. Inclusion is about making sure that each and every student feels welcome and that their unique needs and learning styles are attended to and valued. Research shows that most students learn and perform better when exposed to the richness of the general education curriculum, as long as the appropriate strategies and accommodations are in place. Today it is widely accepted that inclusion maximizes the potential of the vast majority of students, ensures their rights, and is the preferred educational approach for the 21st century. Unfortunately, the philosophy has not always been widely held. Our thinking and acceptance has evolved rapidly over the last century, and continues to evolve, in response to federal and state law, along with our changing social and political beliefs. As we strive to meet these challenges, the involvement and cooperation of educators, parents, and community leaders is vital for the creation of better and more inclusive schools.