bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prosepe – altos e baixos de um projeto que resistiu à viragem de milénio
Authors: Lourenço Luciano , Bernardino Sofia , Fernandes Sofia , Félix Fernando
Published: April 2020

Em Portugal Continental, ao longo dos últimos quarenta anos, tem-se verificado um aumento significativo tanto do número de incêndios florestais, como da dimensão das áreas ardidas. Ora, conscientes da importância da nossa floresta e preocupados com a sua preservação, implementámos, no ano letivo 1993/94, o PROSEPE, um Projeto de Sensibilização e Educação da População Escolar, que hoje se apresenta como o maior e mais longo projeto de Educação Florestal jamais existente em Portugal. Prestes a completar vinte anos de existência, foi-se adaptando e resistindo às vicissitudes dos tempos, o que explica a sua longevidade. Dirige-se a professores e a alunos dedicados à causa de preservação da floresta e da sua defesa contra os incêndios. Trata-se, pois, de um projeto educativo, de sensibilização e de responsabilização, que visa a integração dos alunos num processo de cidadania consciente, participativa e responsável, ao mesmo tempo que pretende despertá-los para um melhor conhecimento do ambiente que os rodeia e, muito em particular, do ambiente florestal, incutindo-lhes conceitos, princípios, valores e atitudes comportamentais que lhes permitam viver em harmonia com a floresta e com os espaços com aptidão florestal. Sendo estes jovens os “cidadãos de amanhã”, constituem-se nos principais veículos dinamizadores e difusores destes ideais, uma vez perpassada a mensagem para a comunidade, podemos augurar um futuro mais auspicioso para as nossas florestas.
A Carta Educativa Municipal como instrumento estratégico de reorganização da rede educativa: tendências de mudança
Authors: Cordeiro A. M. Rochette , Martins Helena Arcanjo
Published: April 2020

Em Portugal, desde 2005 que se tem vindo a assistir, de forma intensiva, e por vezes de forma algo abusiva, à assunção da Carta Educativa enquanto instrumento legitimador do planeamento estratégico e do reordenamento prospetivo das redes educativas municipais. Os efeitos mais visíveis do seu uso, no caso do 1ºCiclo do Ensino Básico, traduzem-se na requalificação e aumento de escala dos estabelecimentos de ensino, na retração quantitativa e na distribuição pelo território. Na sua origem estão o encerramento de milhares de escolas e a construção de centenas de Centros Escolares. Sustentada numa investigação desenvolvida junto de 14 municípios da região centro, apresenta-se, ainda que de forma breve e não definitiva, a análise das tendências de reordenamento da rede preconizadas nas respetivas Cartas Educativas: (i) reorganização do “tipo decretado”; (ii) reordenamento do “tipo conciliação”; (iii) reordenamento do “tipo comunitário”. Observa-se ainda a “visão municipal” e a “visão das equipas técnicas” sobre o processo da elaboração da Carta Educativa, sendo possível concluir, entre outras, a importância da sustentação técnica como apoio à mediação e decisão política, no âmbito municipal.
Impact Of Firm Specific Factors On Capital Structure Decision: An Empirical Study Of Albanian Firms.
Authors: Çekrezi Anila
Published: April 2020

This paper attempts to explore the impact of firm specific factors on capital structuredecision for a sample of 65 non- listed firms, which operate in Albania, over the period2008-2011.In this paper are used three capital structure measures ; short –term debt tototal assets (STDA), long- term debt to total assets (LTDA) and total debt to total assets(TDTA) as dependent variables and four dependent variables: tangibility(TANG),liquidity (LIQ), profitability(ROA=return on assets) and size (SIZE). The investigationuses panel data procedure and the data are taken from balance sheets and include onlyaccounting measures on the firm’s leverage. This study found that tangibility (the ratio offixed assets to total assets), liquidity (the ratio of current assets to current liabilities)profitability (the ratio of earnings after taxes to total assets) and size (natural logarithm oftotal assets) have a significant impact on leverage. Also empirical evidence reveals asignificant negative relation of ROA to leverage and a significant positive relation ofSIZE to leverage. And the second objective of this study is to identify the impact ofindustry classification on firm’s leverage, using a dummy variable for the trade sector. Soone of the hypothesis tested is if financial leverage is independent of industryclassification. Results reveal that long term debt to total assets and total debt to totalassets ratios are significantly different across Albanian industries.
Analysis of Causes and Effects of Applying IAS And IFRS in Case of Mergers and Acquisitions of Banks in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Bašić Meliha , Jahić Haris , Jahić Lejla
Published: April 2020

One of the effect of the “stabilization and accession” process, i.e. of fulfillingrequirements for entry of the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina into the European Union,over the past few years, has been the privatization and concentration of banks’ capital,primarilythroughtheprocessoftheirmergers.1 The paper is primarily aimed at analyzing the way, causes and effects of applying IASand IFRS in mergers and acquisitions of banks in the Federation of Bosnia andHerzegovina. The presented analysis revealed the discrepancy between regulations by theBanking Agency of Federation Bosnia and Herzegovina, as the supervisory body forbanking in this part of BH and IAS and IFRS, particularly with respect to the frameworkfor financial reporting for banks, a lack of detailed disclosure prescribed by IAS andIFRS, as well as of instructions and methodology related to the processes that must beconducted. It directly resulted in unrealistic, unbjective and, naturally, insufficientlycomprehensible, and insufficiently controllable and comparable financial statements bygiven banks, before and after mergers and acquisitions. In the same time, it made it moredifficult to do business, conduct internal and external control and auditing, particularly bya regulatory body, and resulted in a series of objections by foreign controllers (IMF,IBRD). The conducted research points to problems present in practice with respect tomergers and acquisitions of banks in the Federation B-H, and provides guidelines fortheir possible solution.
Extractive industry a burden or an opportunity for sustainable development?
Authors: SHTIZA Aurela
Published: April 2020

The shortage of raw materials in global markets and the sky rocketing of commodityprices, have induced European authorities to take initiatives to improve innovation inEurope by creating the European Innovation Partnership on Raw Materials (2012) and make inventory of the existing European raw materials. Albania is a rich country in natural raw materials, such as chromium, copper, ferronickel, coal, bitumen as well ascrude oil which might supply primary and secondary raw materials for some of the European needs. This literature review discusses the role of the Albanian institutions, the natural resources industry, potential investors and stakeholders in order to provide a setof indicators and platforms that can help to develop the extractive industry in Albania and monitor amelioration within sustainable development principles. A map with the potential prospects of the natural resources will be a first step in identifying the further potential for exploitation. Mineral resource policies and governance, sustainable processing and supply chain as well as environmental management information system (EMIS) are some of the crucial tools identified, which will help to set up the indicators and quantify the achievements in environmental management in Albania. Moreover, the integration of practices that will support institutional capacity building; follow-up practices; the mainstreaming of global environment into planning; and the compliance monitoring process will additionally improve the environmental situation in Albania. Aligning business strategy with environmental policy, socio-economic analysis, environmental auditing are decisive tools in order to provide the Albanian authorities with a clear overview of the economic costs and the social benefits for sustainable development of the extractive sector in Albania.
Communication of Tourism Product; The case of Himara.
Authors: ÇANI Ina , SULI Hergys , SULI Dudi
Published: April 2020

Tourism has and will be generally recognized asthe world’s largest industry. Its growth iscreating rapid social, economic and environmental changes which expect detailedunderstanding and measures to be managed.The market values of tourism can generally berealized by tourism products. This studyaims to explore the potential and communication of tourism product; by studying thecase of Himara, a city in south Albania– the study investigates how communicationtourism product works in a real environment.Nowadays, communication has become a major driver of tourism. Communication intourism is another form of promoting tourism by involving not only linguistic means.Some people traveled specificallyin order to gain a deeper understanding of the culture orheritage of a destination by what they haveheard and read. In order to satisfy tourists’needs and expectations, tourism productstypically attract consumers by thecommunication attributes. People hold a variety of misconceptions about communicationof tourism product. The most common one is its confusion with marketing andpromotion.In general terms, tourism is commonly consideredas a priority sector by Albanian Centraland Local Government. Himara is a small cityin southwest, holding high potential fortourism. It is widely considered an attractive destination of Albanian Riviera; and theoverall objective of this study is to identify the issues and challenges in tourismpromotion facing Himara.
Enhancing the Transition Capability of Danish Biomass Technology By Applying a Futures Study Backcasting Methodology on the Biogas Sector.
Authors: Lybæk Rikke , Christensen Thomas Budde , Kjær Tyge
Published: April 2020

This paper discusses how the Danish biogas sector can achieve the political goals set outby the Danish government, in order to turn around the currently weak implementation ofthe technology. Biogas technology provides many environmental and energy relatedbenefits, but the transition capability of the technology has so far not been supported by astable policy pushing the sector in the right direction. The paper argues that a moreholistic and consistent support for the biogas sector must be developed, enhancing itsindependence from shifting Danish policy regimes. This could be achieved by applying abackcasting methodology in combination with future research activities which areidentified by means of energy chain analysis. The paper stresses that future Danish biogasresearch should be applied all along the sector’s energy chain, and not just in parts of it,looking at enhancement of the transition capability within ‘Resources’,‘Technology/Conversion’ and ‘Distribution/End-use’. The future research activities,proposed in this paper are interconnected and thought backwards with the goal ofcreating reachable aims for achieving the political targets set forth before the year 2020and 2050.
On Determination of Pollution in Urban Junction, Caused by Vehicles
Authors: Hajderi Asllan , Gjevori Shkelqim
Published: April 2020

In this study, given the determination of the pollution quantity from vehicles in an urbanjunction in order to reduce the pollution level and fuel. The pollution caused by vehicles,it is taken based on production years within the EC directives. Types of vehiclescirculating are determined based on vehicles state, divided by production years and thetype of engine.For urban junction with roundabout "Zogu Zi", they are performed measurements ofvehicles number, that move in an hour, describing way with slowly and relevant time. Forthis junction it is calculated vehicle speed at the junction and pollution quantity isconverted to g/min and then it is determined the pollution quantity per hour for existingstate of vehicles divided into 5 groups, according to pollution level. For practicalapplication, only vehicles manufactured after 2000 in circulation, it results that can beachieved a pollution reduction at the junction up to 3 times. To realize this, it is proposedthe removal of customs duty for vehicles manufactured after 2001 and establishment ofadditional environmental tax, proportional to the pollution degree for vehicles incirculation.
Estudo de usuários da Biblioteca Professor Lydio Bandeira de Mello da Faculdade de Direito da UFMG: parte quantitativa
Authors: Silva Jordeilson de Lana
Published: April 2020

O presente estudo objetivou analisar o grau de satisfação dos usuários em relação aos serviços oferecidos pela Biblioteca Professor Lydio Bandeira de Mello. Foi realizada uma pesquisa com a comunidade da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, cuja metodologia baseou-se numa análise quantitativa, composta por uma amostra de 148 usuários. Para isso, foi aplicado um questionário, no sentido de conhecer a visão que os usuários possuem em relação aos serviços da Biblioteca. Constatou-se que, de modo geral, os usuários estão satisfeitos com os serviços. Entretanto, sugerem melhorias, especialmente no que se refere à atualização do acervo. Este estudo foi importante, uma vez que, além de constituir-se em um canal de comunicação entre os usuários e a Biblioteca, servirá também como instrumento de apoio à gestão, uma vez que, por meio desse feedback, a instituição poderá avaliar melhor as atividades que desenvolve e, consequentemente, propor novos serviços e/ou otimizar os já existentes.
Grupos de pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG: uma análise bibliométrica entre os anos 2000-2016
Authors: Cesar Leandro Castella
Published: April 2020

Os grupos de pesquisa vêm ganhando cada vez mais importância no processo de geração, desenvolvimento e difusão de conhecimentos científicos, tecnológicos e culturais, fornecendo suporte intelectual e estrutural que possibilitam a qualificação das pesquisas e potencializam a geração de novos conhecimentos. Este estudo pretende apresentar as características dos grupos de pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG cadastrados no Diretório de Grupos de Pesquisa do CNPq - DGP/CNPq. Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo documental, descritiva e exploratória, com abordagem bibliométrica. Os dados foram coletados na base de dados do DGP/CNPq com base nos dados dos censos de 2000 - 2016. Os resultados indicam que a UFMG é a sétima instituição brasileira com o maior número de grupos de pesquisa cadastrados no DGP (705 em 2016), que cerca de 50% dos desses grupos estão concentrados nas áreas de Ciências Humanas, da Saúde e Sociais Aplicadas, cerca de 64% desenvolvem entre uma e quatro linhas de pesquisa, 97% dos participantes são estudantes (53%) ou pesquisadores (44%), a maioria dos estudantes (38%) é graduando e dos pesquisadores (82%) é doutor e que as mulheres são a grande maioria entre os estudantes e técnicos, estão empatadas com os homens entre os pesquisadores e aparecem em menor número apenas quanto aos colaboradores estrangeiros.
Reflexões biblioteconômicas no serviço de referência em arquivos permanentes
Authors: Bragato Adrianne , Medeiros Enderson
Published: April 2020

O artigo trata sobre a aplicabilidade da teoria biblioteconômica do serviço de referência ao contexto dos arquivos permanentes, fazendo uma revisão de literatura tanto nas teorias referentes ao serviço de referência como nas teorias que tratam sobre o arquivo permanente e do serviço de referência que é prestado neste tipo de arquivo. Aborda ainda a questão da necessidade da existência de um profissional especializado no serviço de referência para atuação nos arquivos permanentes como forma de garantir o desenvolvimento do serviço de referência em arquivos permanentes e melhorar a qualidade no atendimento de demandas informacionais dos usuários. Trabalha, ainda, questões complementares, mas imprescindíveis para a estruturação do serviço de referência em arquivos permanentes como o estudo de usuário e a formação de usuário. Por fim, mostra como a adaptação e aplicação da teoria sobre serviço de referência desenvolvida pela biblioteconomia pode contribuir para a melhoria do atendimento aos usuários que frequentam arquivos permanentes e aponta ações práticas e objetivas que devem ser tomadas para que as teorias e práticas do serviço de referência sejam adotadas nos arquivos permanentes com sucesso.
Estudos sobre egressos em biblioteconomia a partir da base de dados em Ciência da Informação-BRAPCI
Authors: Gomes Vagner Ivan de Alencar , Moreira Luciana de Albuquerque
Published: April 2020

O olhar para o egresso em Biblioteconomia é também um forma de enxegar o mercado de trabalho atualmente por ele ocupado. Nesse sentido, este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa cujo objetivo geral foi fazer um levantamento sobre as pesquisas divulgadas que tratam do tema “egresso em Biblioteconomia” indexado pela Base de Dados em Ciência da Informação-BRAPCI. A partir de então buscou-se identificar a quantidade de estudos recuperados e apontar as metodologias usadas nas pesquisas recuperadas. Utilizou como procedimento metodológico a pesquisa bibliográfica, quali-quanti, e como fonte de pesquisa a BRAPCI. A análise se deu a partir da recuperação dos artigos que traziam nas palavras-chave o termo “egresso”, “mercado de trabalho”, “ex-aluno”. Aponta como resultados, o levantamento de 14 estudos recuperados, de acordo com a palavra-chave “Egresso”, 100 produções com o termo “mercado de trabalho”, desses 13 pesquisas que abordam o tema egresso de Biblioteconomia e 1 artigo com “ex-aluno”. O recorte temporal abrangeu o período de 1972 a 2017, totalizando 45 anos de estudos. Mostra que as metodologias utilizadas nos artigos exibe pesquisa descritiva, exploratória, levantamento bibliográfico, quantitativa e qualitativa, tendo como instrumento de coleta de dados, o uso do questionário. Conclui, identificando que existem poucos estudos que foram recuperados pela Base de dados BRAPCI, necessitando direcionar o olhar para a realização de pesquisas relacionadas a egresso, tendo em vista a sua importância para o planejamento de ações contínuas e voltadas a esses na própria universidade formadora.
Biblioteca comunitária Bruno Fenzl: um estudo de caso de seu papel educativo no contexto da comunidade de Caruará, Marahú e Paraiso na Ilha de Mosqueiro
Authors: Silva Sobrinho Telma Socorro , Coimbra Claudia Saldanha
Published: April 2020

Apresenta estudo de caso realizado na Biblioteca Bruno Fenzl, uma das unidades do Instituto Ampliar – Organização não Governamental (ONG) – que visa desenvolver  trabalhos de sensibilização ambiental nas praias de Caruará, Marahú e Paraiso na Ilha de Mosqueiro Belém-PA. Tem como objetivo analisar a forma como a Biblioteca Comunitária Bruno Fenzl contribui, dando apoio educacional e promovendo incentivo à leitura a estudantes pertencentes a comunidade onde está inserida. Adota uma abordagem qualitativa onde a coleta de dados se deu por meio de entrevistas individuais, seguindo um roteiro estruturado, utilizando-se da técnica metodológica de análise do desenho. Os resultados revelam que apesar de estarmos na era da internet, ainda assim, o livro impresso é um suporte bastante atrativo quando se trata de práticas de leitura. Palavras-chave: Biblioteca comunitária. Função pedagógica da biblioteca comunitária. Leitura. Desenho infantil.
Estimativa da Susceptibilidade à Contaminação do Sistema Aquífero Serra Geral em Aratiba - RS por Diferentes Métodos
Authors: Favaretto Jean Ricardo , Allasia Daniel Gustavo , Silva José Luiz Silvério da , Borba Willian Fernando , Rosa Cristiano Niederauer da , Fernandes Gabriel D'Avila
Published: April 2020

O abastecimento de água em zonas urbanas e rurais é um problema enfrentado por diversos países. No sul do Brasil, a cidade de Aratiba, representa a realidade dos municípios de pequeno porte do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, em que são abastecidos, quase por completo, por águas subterrâneas. Esta região apresenta alguns problemas que ameaçam a qualidade de suas águas subterrâneas, como o lançamento de efluentes dejetos de suínos e aves de corte sem tratamento, e o uso indiscriminado de agroquímicos. Neste contexto, essa pesquisa teve por objetivo estimar a susceptibilidade do Sistema Aquífero Serra Geral em escala municipal, por meio dos métodos do Índice de Susceptibilidade e Groundwater hydraulic confinement, Overlaying Strata e Deph to groundwater table. Para isso foram utilizadas informações do uso do solo, profundidade da água subterrânea, material do meio aquífero, recarga e topografia. Os resultados apresentaram que o município, tem um IS variando de baixa (27,09% da área municipal) a elevada (2,29 % da área), com predomínio da classe moderada a baixa (47,24 %). Já o método GOD demostrou uma vulnerabilidade variando de insignificante (13,54 %) a média (86,46 %). As metodologias aplicadas apresentaram resultados semelhantes, indicando que o aquífero apresenta condições naturais de proteção, devido a presença de rochas vulcânicas. Contudo, ressalta-se a importância da preservação ambiental, seja em escala local e/ou regional, assim reduzindo os riscos de impactos ao meio, seja ele subterrâneo ou superficial.
30 anos de Medições Gravimétricas Absolutas no Brasil
Authors: Guimarães Gabriel do Nascimento , Blitzkow Denizar , Matos Ana Cristina Oliveira Cancoro de , Castro Junior Carlos Alberto Corrêa , Inoue Mariana Eiko Borba
Published: April 2020

O Sistema Geodésico Brasileiro é composto por estações de referência que reúnem informações acerca da componente altimétrica, planimétrica (geocêntrica em uma definição contemporânea) e gravimétrica. Essa última componente, que nesta década alcançou maior evidência em função dos acontecimentos que a envolve, exerce um precípuo papel em áreas como a Geodésia, a Geologia e a Geofísica. Destacam-se os novos valores de altitudes de referência, baseados em números geopotenciais, apresentados pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística em julho de 2018, bem como os esforços que estão sendo despendidos para a implantação de um Sistema Internacional de Referência para Altitudes. Face ao exposto, o objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar o que o país possui em termos de medições gravimétricas absolutas, levantadas desde 1989 com a implantação da Rede Nacional de Estações Gravimétricas Absolutas. Um destaque evidenciando a remedição da referida rede, bem como os atuais esforços gravimétricos no país é apresentado. Além disso, realiza-se uma revisão sobre os métodos de medições absolutas, bem como os gravímetros empregados nesses 30 anos. Por fim, traça-se uma relação entre a distribuição de estações absolutas no país com as estações que comporão o Sistema Internacional de Referência para Altitudes.
Estimativas do Nível do Mar na América do Sul a partir de Registros Maregráficos e Coordenadas SIRGAS-CON
Authors: Calado Lucas Gonzales Lima Pereira , Garnés Silvio Jacks dos Anjos , Jamur Karoline Paes
Published: April 2020

Neste estudo, avaliou-se a taxa relativa do nível do mar em 20 estações maregráficas, com dados mensais do Permanet Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL), na América do Sul. Para a estimativa do movimento vertical crustal foram utilizadas 12 estações do Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) da rede de monitoramento contínuo do Sistema de Referência Geocêntrico para as Américas (SIRGAS-CON), que ficam nas proximidades do marégrafo a uma distância máxima de 10km. Com o conhecimento da variação vertical, foi possível obter a taxa absoluta do nível do mar para 12 estações maregráficas. A análise estatística se procedeu pela regressão linear (linha de tendência) e regressão polinomial quadrática (aceleração). Assim, na América do Sul, a taxa de variação média do nível absoluto do mar resultou em 0,98 mm/ano ± 0,93 mm/ano, para um período médio de 1950 a 2018.
Multi-source remote sensing data improves the classification accuracy of natural forests and eucalyptus plantations
Authors: Carneiro Gustavo Fluminense , Ferreira Matheus Pinheiro , Volotão Carlos Frederico de Sá
Published: April 2020

It is challenging to map the spatial distribution of natural and planted forests based on satellite images because of the high correlation among them. This investigation aims to increase accuracies in classifications of natural forests and eucalyptus plantations by combining remote sensing data from multiple sources. We defined four vegetation classes: natural forest (NF), planted eucalyptus forest (PF), agriculture (A) and pasture (P), and sampled 410,251 pixels from 100 polygons of each class. Classification experiments were performed by using a random forest algorithm with images from Landsat-8, Sentinel-1, and SRTM. We considered four texture features (energy, contrast, correlation, and entropy) and NDVI. We used F1-score, overall accuracy and total disagreement metrics, to assess the classification performance, and Jeffries–Matusita (JM) distance to measure the spectral separability. Overall accuracy for Landsat-8 bands alone was 88.29%. A combination of Landsat-8 with Sentinel-1 bands resulted in a 3% overall accuracy increase and this band combination also improved the F1-score of NF, PF, P and A in 2.22%, 2.9%, 3.71%, and 8.01%, respectively. The total disagreement decreased from 11.71% to 8.71%. The increase in the statistical separability corroborates such improvement and is mainly observed between NF-PF (11.98%) and A-P (45.12%). We conclude that combining optical and radar remote sensing data increased the classification accuracy of natural and planted forests and may serve as a basis for large-scale semi-automatic mapping of forest resources.
Análise da distribuição espacial de indicadores sociais e demográficos: uma abordagem baseada em mineração de dados
Authors: Silvano Tiago Prudencio , Correa Bryan Maia , Barbosa Ivanildo
Published: April 2020

Os dados censitários levantados periodicamente permitem retratar o perfil da população em termos étnicos, sociais e econômicos. Com isso, é possível diagnosticar dimensões do desenvolvimento humano que demandam a atuação prioritária do poder público, assim como as similaridades e heterogeneidades entre as diferentes regiões do País. Este trabalho analisa a distribuição espacial em grupos de municípios brasileiros, classificados com base na similaridade de indicadores como a porcentagem de alfabetizados por faixa etária, composição ética e os componentes do índice de desenvolvimento humano municipal – IDHM. Além de comparar a dependência espacial dentro de cada grupo com a dependência espacial observada em todos os municípios, foram extraídos modelos baseados em árvores de decisão para indicar as regras de formação de cada grupo. Os resultados explicitam a dependência espacial existente em alguns indicadores levantados pelo censo demográfico pelo aumento do índice I de Moran nos grupos quando comparados com o conjunto original. A metodologia proposta pode ser adaptada para outras aplicações especializadas.
Análise de técnicas de detecção de mudança para mapeamento de desastres com uso de dados de sensoriamento remoto
Authors: Oliveira Lucas Valerio de , Negri Rogério Galante , Santos Leonardo Bacelar Lima
Published: April 2020

Nos anos recentes, o Brasil tem sofrido uma série de desastres ambientais, que por sua vez afetam a sociedade, economia e biodiversidade em níveis imensuráveis. O uso de dados obtidos por sensoriamento remoto surge como fonte de informação indispensável na realização de análises sobre os impactos causados pelos desastres ambientais. Dentre diferentes métodos propostos na literatura para o processamento e extração de informação das imagens de sensoriamento remoto, encontram-se as técnicas de detecção de mudança. De modo geral, tais técnicas permitem a obtenção de mapas capazes de expressar as alterações ocorridas na cobertura do solo de uma dada região e período. O uso destas técnicas aponta potencial quanto a geração de insumos para análises relacionadas aos impactos causados por desastres ambientais. Neste contexto, este estudo apresenta a aplicação e comparação entre diferentes métodos de detecção de mudança sobre áreas afetadas por recentes desastres ambientais no Brasil. Os métodos abordados neste trabalho são restritos ao conceito não supervisionado, os quais não exigem informações a priori sobre os dados. Foram realizadas três aplicações, relacionadas aos colapsos ocorridos nas barragens de Mariana e Brumadinho, no estado de Minas Gerais, e queimadas no estado do Mato Grosso, com uso de dados obtidos pelos satélites Landsat-8 e Sentinel-1 e 2. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam que tais técnicas, desde que parametrizadas adequadamente e fazendo uso de atributos favoráveis, são capazes de realizar mapeamentos sobre alterações derivadas dos eventos de desastres.
Naive Bayes classifier optimization for text classification on e-government using particle swarm optimization
Authors: Nugroho Kuncahyo Setyo , Istiadi Istiadi , Marisa Fitri
Published: April 2020

One of the public e-government services is a web-based online complaints portal. Text of complaint needs to be classified so that it can be forwarded to the responsible office quickly and accurately. The standard classification approach commonly used is the Naive Bayes Classifier (NBC) and k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN), which still classifies one label and needs to be optimized. This research aims to classify the complaint text of more than one label at the same time with NBC, which is optimized using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The data source comes from the Sambat Online portal and is divided into 70 % as training data and 30 % as testing data to be classified into seven labels. NBC and k-NN algorithms are used as a comparison method to find out the performance of PSO optimization. The 10-fold cross-validation shows that NBC optimization using PSO achieves an accuracy of 87.44 % better than k-NN of 75 % and NBC of 64.38 %. The optimization model can be used to increase the effectiveness of services to e-government in society.
Recites fidelity detection system of al-Kautsar verse based on words using mel frequency cepstrum coefficients and cosine similarity
Authors: Hendry Jans , Rachman Aditya , Zulherman Dodi
Published: April 2020

In this study, a system has been developed to help detect the accuracy of the reading of the Koran in the Surah Al-Kautsar based on the accuracy of the number and pronunciation of words in one complete surah. This system is very dependent on the accuracy of word segmentation based on envelope signals. The feature extraction method used was Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients (MFCC), while the Cosine Similarity method was used to detect the accuracy of the reading. From 60 data, 30 data were used for training, while the rest were for testing. From each of the 30 training and test data, 15 data were correct readings, and 15 other data were incorrect readings. System accuracy was measured by word-for-word recognition, which results in 100 % of recall and 98.96 % of precision for the training word data, and 100 % of recall and 99.65 % of precision for the test word data. For the overall reading of the surah, there were 15 correct readings and 14 incorrect readings that were recognized correctly.
Identification of fat-soluble vitamins deficiency using artificial neural network
Authors: Sagala Noviyanti , Hayat Cynthia , Tandipuang Frahselia
Published: April 2020

The fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) deficiency remain frequent universally and may have consequential adverse resultants and causing slow appearance symptoms gradually and intensify over time. The vitamin deficiency detection requires an experienced physician to notice the symptoms and to review a blood test’s result (high-priced). This research aims to create an early detection system of fat-soluble vitamin deficiency using artificial neural network Back-propagation. The method was implemented by converting deficiency symptoms data into training data to be used to produce a weight of ANN and testing data. We employed Gradient Descent and Logsig as an activation function. The distribution of training data and test data was 71 and 30, respectively. The best architecture generated an accuracy of 95 % in a combination of parameters using 150 hidden layers, 10000 epoch, error target 0.0001, learning rate 0.25.
Model and prototype of mobile incubator using PID controller based on Arduino Uno
Authors: Munadi Munadi , Pandu R. Andhika , Wiradinata Rizky , Julianti Hari Peni , Setiawan Rudy
Published: April 2020

One of the causes of the high infant mortality rate in Indonesia is the lack of health support facilities in remote areas, including incubators, to keep the baby's body warm at a specific temperature. This research develops a model and prototype of a mobile incubator to carry and maintain the baby's temperature during emergencies to get further treatment to hospitals that have better facilities than incomplete health clinic facilities. The mobile incubator prototype uses a PID controller system with the optimum gain value Kp 1.501, Ki 0.016, and Kd -1,319 from the results of modeling and tuning in Matlab. The results of the bode plot analysis show that system stability was achieved with a gain margin of 109 dB. The incubator's operational mobility can last up to 59.6 minutes with two 12 V, 5 Ah batteries.
OCENA TELEKOLABORACYJNYCH PROJEKTÓW PISARSKICH REALIZOWANYCH NA PLATFORMACH SYNCHRONICZNYCH
Authors: Kotuła Krzysztof
Published: April 2020

This article deals with the issue of assessment in the context of telecollaborative writing activities conducted on synchronous platforms such as Google Docs. Based on the research conducted by the author among secondary school students learning French, the attempt is made to discuss various areas of participants’ activity which can be subjected to assessment: text planning, text composition, project management through comments, linguistic corrections, etc. A conclusion is reached that the outcome of collaborative writing projects is greatly determined by how L2 students engage in the process of writing using Web-based word processing tools. In our opinion, it is impossible to consider the creation of a universal assessment grid suitable for all teaching contexts. Instead, a teacher willing to integrate such activities in his curriculum has to show a great deal of flexibility and adaptability.
APPLICATION OF INCLUSIVE DESIGN PRINCIPLES TO TESTING EFL DYSLEXIC STUDENTS
Authors: Łodej Monika
Published: April 2020

There are two main challenges with inclusive testing of EFL students with dyslexia. First, application of inclusion may, paradoxically, involve exclusion of SEN students. Second, there is evidence for inconsistent policies relating to internal and external testing practices. The present paper reports on the application of inclusive design principles to the language testing of EFL students with dyslexia. Specific cognitive demands characteristic of dyslexia are mapped against both the types of accommodations made for SEN students and the principles of inclusive design. The results show a high degree of applicability of inclusive design principles in testing EFL students with dyslexia. Specifically, the data point to a strong alignment between presentation and response accommodations and five areas of weaknesses in dyslexia. The review concludes with a discussion on the benefits and limitations of inclusive testing in dyslexia. It is hoped that this study will advise testing boards, EFL teachers, as well as education and assessment services on the application of inclusive practices to testing EFL dyslexic learners.
OTWARTE FORMY PRACY W GLOTTODYDAKTYCE – SPECYFIKA OCENIANIA W EDUKACJI SZKOLNEJ ORAZ W AKADEMICKIM KSZTAŁCENIU NAUCZYCIELI JĘZYKÓW OBCYCH
Authors: Peć Beata
Published: April 2020

Open forms of work are now successfully used both in foreign language lessons and in academic education. Often, it may be difficult to assess the work of learners due to its specificity – that is, the summing and shaping of the assessment of the achievement of teaching objectives in school education and the effects of education in the didactics of the university. The question arises how to assess the work of learners during free work, while learners are working to attainment targets, working to weekly plans or doing project work. These issues will be subjected to theoretical analysis and discussed on the basis of my own empirical research in two areas of language teacher/foreign language education. On this basis conclusions will be formulated and research perspectives will be outlined with relation to school education and the academic education of foreign language teachers.
LANGUAGE TEACHER POSITIONING IN A TEACHER PROMOTION EXAMINATION: A SMALL STORY APPROACH
Authors: Werbińska Dorota
Published: April 2020

Although there is an increasing body of research on diverse aspects of language teachers’ professional practice there are still contexts that remain hardly explored. One such context is the oral examination situation encountered by experienced language teachers in Poland who aspire to be promoted in the ranks of the teaching profession. Drawing on positioning theory as a methodological tool to analyse the experience of one English teacher’s promotion examination situation, I will attempt to find out what aspects of teacher identity emerge from the small stories employed in the examination situation, as well as what lessons can be learnt from a study about teacher positioning (both self-positioning and being positioned) in the professional assessment context. Although the study is set in the Polish context, it may contribute to the knowledge on language teacher identity (re)construction in general through its focus on one area of language teacher professional practice – taking a teacher promotion examination.
Suplementa. (O sztuce czytania i nieczytania Podróży zimowej)
Authors: Olszański Grzegorz
Published: April 2020

Stanisław Barańczak collection Journey in Winter (Podróż zimowa) published in 1994 was enthusiastically received by critics, resulting in a great number of related essays and reviews. The author of Supplements reconstructs the main reading strategies of the reviewers and takes a close look at the tools and context they employ. Finally, the reflections on the ways of interpreting the Poznan-born poet’s book provoke the author to consider the critical and poetic biases, the issue of music as a source of identity and a very nonobvious relation between Schubert’s vocal works and the rap aesthetics.
Modelling with star-shaped distributions
Authors: Liebscher Eckhard , Richter Wolf-Dieter
Published: April 2020

We prove and describe in great detail a general method for constructing a wide range of multivariate probability density functions. We introduce probabilistic models for a large variety of clouds of multivariate data points. In the present paper, the focus is on star-shaped distributions of an arbitrary dimension, where in case of spherical distributions dependence is modeled by a non-Gaussian density generating function.
Design of Optical 4 × 2 Encoder Using Cross Layered Chalcogenide2D-PC Resonator
Authors: Saranya D. , Rajesh A.
Published: April 2020

In this paper, 4 × 2 encoder is proposed by combining optical waveguides and the ring resonators. The proposed structure has four input ports, two control input and two output ports. The hexagonal photonic crystal structure has the square lattice of chalcogenide glass rods with the refractive index of 2.1 in air. Maximum bit rate of 10 Tb/s and response time of 0.1 ps is obtained using the proposed cross-layered arrangement of the chalcogenide glass rods with circular inner arrangement. The size of the proposed structure is 18.6 µm x 24.6 µm. Moreover, the contrast ratio of outputs is found to be 28.3 and 48.45 dB. The fundamental structure for the proposed encoder is also designed and analysed for validating the desired bandgap at the resonant wavelength of 1550 nm.
A statistical protocol for a holistic adjustment of global sea level budget
Authors: Iz H. Bâki , Shum C. K.
Published: April 2020

Current studies in global mean sea level, GMSL, studies assess the closure/misclosure of the GMSL budget components and their uncertainties. Because Earth’s hydrosphere conserves water, a closed global mean sea level budget with a consistent set of estimates and their statistics is necessary. An unclosed budget means that there are problems to be addressed such as biases in the budget components, unreliable error statistics about the estimates, unknown or known but unmodeled budget components. In a misclosed global mean sea level budget, as practiced in recent studies, the trend estimates for the budget components and their errors account only for the anomalies of each budget component in isolation. On the other hand, the trend of each series must consider the trends of the other series in tandem such that the global mean sea level budget is closed for a holistic assessment, which can only be achieved by adjusting global mean sea level budget components simultaneously. In this study, we demonstrate a statistical protocol to ameliorate this deficiency, which potentially have implications for future sea level science studies, including the future Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Assessment Reports, and the US Climate Assessment Reports.
Can fetal fractions in the cell-free DNA test predict the onset of fetal growth restriction?
Authors: Adiyaman Duygu , Konuralp Atakul Bahar , Kuyucu Melda , Toklu Gizem , Golbasi Hakan , Koc Altug , Kaya Ozge Ozer , Ozdemir Taha Resid , Ekin Atalay
Published: April 2020

Objective

To investigate the possible predictive value of fetal fraction in the cell-free DNA (cfDNA) test in pregnancies with early- and late-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR).

Methods

This retrospective study comprised 247 women who were screened using the cfDNA test for aneuploidies during the first or second trimester and had deliveries at our institution from January 2016 to December 2019. The fetal fractions of women with early- (n = 14) and late-onset (n = 83) FGR and those with uncomplicated pregnancies (n = 150) were compared.

Results

The median fetal fractions for the early-onset FGR, late-onset FGR, and control groups were 5.7 [interquartile range (IQR) 2.65], 7 (IQR 5), and 7.35 (IQR 3.65), respectively. The fetal fractions were significantly lower in the early-onset FGR group than in the late-onset FGR and control groups (P = 0.047 and P = 0.037, respectively). There was no difference in fetal fractions between the late-onset FGR and control groups (P = 1.00).

Conclusion

As a placenta-related disease, early-onset FGR had lower fetal fractions in the cfDNA test than uncomplicated pregnancies. For clinical use, lower fetal fractions can contribute as a biomarker for screening asymptomatic women for possible placenta-related diseases, such as early-onset FGR. However, more studies are needed to define the “lower” limit.
Habitat use and the coexistence of the sika deer and the Japanese serow, sympatric ungulates from Mt. Asama, central Japan
Authors: Takada Hayato , Ohuchi Riki , Watanabe Haruko , Yano Risako , Miyaoka Risako , Nakagawa Tomoki , Zenno Yu , Minami Masato
Published: April 2020

Differential resource use allows for diverse species to specialize in ecological niches and thus coexist in a particular area. In the Japanese archipelago, increasing sika deer (Cervus nippon, Temminck 1836) densities have excluded the Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus, Temminck 1836), but in places where deer population densities are low, the two species coexist. We wanted to better understand their habitats and how these two ungulates manage to coexist. We evaluated the role of habitat use in the coexistence of these two sympatric ungulates on Mt. Asama, central Japan. Deer frequently used the dwarf bamboo-rich communities in autumn and winter, and their habitat use was not associated with topography. Serows frequently used deciduous broadleaf shrub-rich communities and steep slopes throughout the year. Consequently, their habitat use was significantly different in terms of vegetation and topography. Niche breadth suggests that deer tend to be generalists, whereas serows tend to be specialists. Niche differentiation in habitat use between deer and serows may make the coexistence of these similarly sized ungulates possible in Japanese mountainous zones. Therefore, the fine-grained habitat mosaic of different vegetation and topography areas might be the underlying feature that allows the coexistence of these two species.
Facile sonochemical-assisted synthesis of orthorhombic phase black phosphorus/rGO hybrids for effective photothermal therapy
Authors: Liang Weiyuan , Wang Dou , Ren Xiaohui , Ge Chenchen , Wang Hanyue , Li Zhongjun , Liu Quan , Qiu Meng , Du Zhiyong , Qi Xiang , Xu Yijun , Liu Liping , Bao Shiyun , Zhang Han
Published: April 2020

Two-dimensional black phosphorus (BP) has been demonstrated to be promising in photoelectronic devices, electrode materials, and biomedicine owing to its outstanding properties. However, the application of BP has been hindered by harsh preparation conditions, high costs, and easy degradation in ambient condition. Herein, we report a facile and cost-effective strategy for synthesis of orthorhombic phase BP and a kind of BP-reduced graphene oxide (BP/rGO) hybrids in which BP remains stable for more than 4 weeks ascribed to the formation of phosphorus-carbon covalent bonds between BP and rGO as well as the protection effect of the unique wrinkle morphology of rGO nanosheets. Surface modification BP/rGO hybrids (PEGylated BP/rGO) exhibit excellent photothermal performance with photothermal conversion efficiency as high as 57.79% at 808 nm. The BP/rGO hybrids exhibit enhanced antitumor effects both in vitro and in vivo, showing promising perspectives in biomedicine.
Linear and third-order nonlinear optical properties of self-assembled plasmonic gold metasurfaces
Authors: Gomes Anderson S.L. , Maldonado Melissa , de S. Menezes Leonardo , Acioli Lúcio H. , de Araújo Cid B. , Dysart Jennifer , Doyle Dennis , Johns Paul , Naciri Jawad , Charipar Nicholas , Fontana Jake
Published: April 2020

The emergence of metamaterials (MMs) has led to groundbreaking photo-physical phenomena, which arise from their novel structure-dependent properties. Consisting of “meta-atom” building blocks, MMs can be organized into subwavelength metal/dielectric structures using bottom-up or top-down nanofabrication techniques. Optical metal metasurfaces are a class of MMs with macroscopic lateral dimensions but composed of one to few subwavelength layers of precisely oriented metal-based elements over a large surface area. In this review, we focus on gold metasurfaces, highlighting their fabrication methods, morphological characterization, as well as linear and nonlinear optical properties. We then review our recent work on fabricating and characterizing self-assembled gold metasurface. An interesting characteristics of the gold metasurfaces is their wide range of linear refractive indices, varying from n
0 ~ 0.5 in the visible to n
0 ~ 4 in the short wavelength infrared spectral region. Third-order nonlinearities are characterized by the Z-scan technique at wavelengths on- and off-plasmonic resonance of the gold metasurface. Experimental results on the relationship between the third-order nonlinearity of the self-assembled gold metasurface as a function of the linear response are presented for the first time. We conclude by discussing the potential applications and future outlook of self-assembled plasmonic metasurfaces.