bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PAULO FREIRE EN EL CHILE CONTEMPORÁNEO: ENFRENTANDO EL MIEDO A LA LIBERTAD
Authors: Araya-Crisóstomo Sandra , Malachias María Elena Infante
Published: November 2021

RESUMEN En este ensayo, discutimos el impacto de la permanencia de Paulo Freire durante casi cuatro anos y medio en Santiago de Chile. En ese tiempo, el educador se distanció de su experiencia brasilena y pudo reelaborar sus ideas pedagógicas al observar, vivenciar y cuestionar la situación social chilena en la década de 1960. En el ano que se celebra el centenario de su nacimiento, traemos preguntas sobre el impacto del pensamiento de Freire para la educación en Chile y destacamos que movimientos populares, como la movilización de estudiantes de Ensenanza Media y el reciente “estallido social”, son indicativos de que la obra de Freire es vigente, actual y necesaria para pensar, como sociedad chilena, los nuevos rumbos de la educación, ya que el momento actual es de enfrentar el miedo a la libertad.
PAULO FREIRE, CENTÉSIMO ANO: MAIS QUE UM MÉTODO, UMA CONCEPÇÃO CRÍTICA DE EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Saviani Dermeval
Published: November 2021

RESUMO Ao ensejo do centenário do nascimento de Paulo Freire, este artigo mostra a relevância da concepção crítica de educação para o método de alfabetização e para a crítica à opressão vivida pela maioria da população na sociedade atual. Para isso, trata, no primeiro momento, do empenho de Freire na alfabetização e na conscientização das massas para a participação no desenvolvimento do país. No segundo momento, Freire abre-se para os esfarrapados do mundo e, mantendo-se como personalista cristão, estabelece profícua interlocução com o marxismo. Em conclusão, faz-se um paralelo entre a situação do país no exílio de Freire e o quadro atual, mostrando a perda que sua saída significou para a educação brasileira e o risco de perdermos até seu legado se persistir o retrocesso político em que nos encontramos.
Understanding the provision of a clinical service in mental health and the role of the pharmacist: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Fernandes Sheilla Alessandra Ferreira , Brito Giselle de Carvalho , Dosea Aline Santana , Lyra Junior Divaldo Pereira de , Garcia-Cardenas Victoria , Fonteles Marta Maria de França
Published: November 2021

Pharmacists have important roles in mental health disease; however, their performance in Brazilian Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS) is unknown. This qualitative study was conducted in a CAPS, Brazil; using interviews and analyzes from the perspective of Bardin, in which categories arising from the perceptions of patients and the health team emerged in relation to the provision of the medication review with follow up (MR) service and the role of the pharmacist in mental health. According to the participants, the MR service is essential and important because it allows professional recognition, beyond the identification of professional attributes of the pharmacists. Moreover, there was a duality in the pharmacist’s role between the logistic and clinical attributes of mental health. Thus, this perception helps to elucidate the pharmacist’s process of work in mental health and supports future strategies of action in this area.
Acute respiratory flow restriction affects average power, but not heart rate and subjective perceived exertion in healthy women
Authors: Veiga Rousseau Silva da , Müller Camila Borges , Ferreira Gustavo Dias , Pinheiro Eraldo dos Santos , Del Vecchio Fabrício Boscolo
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT This study aims to verify the effect of the restriction of the ventilatory flow on HR, RPE, and power during HIT-test performed by healthy women. The participants (n=8) underwent HIT-test without and with ventilatory flow restriction. HR, power, and RPE was measured. HRpost showed no significant difference between conditions (p=0,053). The average power presented higher values in the condition without the restriction of ventilatory flow (619,51±144,33W; 565,99±108,43W; p=0,001), but without differences in the fatigue index (p=0,383). In both conditions, increases in RPE were observed during the efforts (p<0,001). It is concluded that HR and RPE did not suffer acute effects from the restriction of ventilatory flow; however, the average power is decreased during HIT-test.
Análise fatorial da adsorção de cobre em solução aquosa por hidroxiapatita
Authors: Kramer Dany Geraldo , Cavalcanti Junior Geraldo Barroso , Sousa Anesio Mendes de , Costa João Batista
Published: November 2021

RESUMO O cobre (Cu) é um contaminante frequente das águas residuais, o que pode levar a intoxicação humana e danos ambientais. A hidroxiapatita (HAP) pode ser utilizada para remoção dessa substância de efluentes, pois é de fácil produção e alto rendimento. Assim, o presente estudo objetivou analisar a influência de vários fatores (factorial design) na adsorção do Cu+2 em solução. A HAP foi produzida por meio de precipitação aquosa e, subsequentemente, caracterização por difração de raios X (DRX), espectroscopia no infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FTIR), espectroscopia por energia dispersiva (EDS) e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (TEM). A influência das variáveis pH, concentração inicial (Ci) e massa adsorvente na adsorção de Cu+2 foi analisada por intermédio de um planejamento fatorial 12 (23), com 4 pontos centrais. As três variáveis analisadas foram estatisticamente significantes, sendo possível observar remoções acima de 80% do metal dissolvido em solução. A análise de variância (ANOVA) mostrou que o pH da solução (1), a massa adsorvente (3), a concentração inicial de metal (2) e a interação 2x3 (23) foram estatisticamente significantes. A eficiência máxima de remoção de Cu+2 obtida no procedimento de otimização foi de 85,33%.
Avaliação da formação de trihalometanos na água de abastecimento público da cidade de Cáceres (MT), Brasil
Authors: Menezes Junior Mauri Queiroz de , Souza Célia Alves
Published: November 2021

RESUMO Estudos recentes vêm demonstrando que a aplicação de cloro poderia levar à formação de trihalometanos (THM), que ocorre quando o cloro reage com a matéria orgânica natural, também denominada de precursora de THM e presente em águas naturais. A United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) classificou os THM como prováveis carcinogênicos para humanos. Com o objetivo de avaliar os níveis de THM na água destinada ao abastecimento público na cidade de Cáceres/MT, foram coletadas amostras de água em três pontos distintos: P1 na água bruta, P2 na saída do reservatório e P3 na rede de abastecimento, por um período de um ano (agosto de 2018 a junho de 2019), com frequência bimestral. Além dos THM, foram monitorados os parâmetros de turbidez, cor, pH e cloro residual livre. Os resultados de água bruta demonstraram que o fenômeno natural denominado “decoada” aumentou as concentrações de turbidez e cor aparente no período enchente/cheia pelo intenso processo de decomposição que ocorre nesse momento, elevando os níveis de matéria orgânica na água bruta. Quanto à água tratada, valores de turbidez fora do preconizado foram detectados. Os níveis de THMs chegaram próximo (0,09518 mg.L-1 - P2) de atingir o VMP de 0,1 mg.L-1 em consequência da presença de precursores. Os valores de THM foram maiores em P2 pelo fato de esse ponto apresentar medição maior de cloro residual livre em relação a P3. Todavia, notou-se uma forte correlação entre THM e turbidez (p < 0,05 e R² = 0,67), o que demonstra que o parâmetro de turbidez pode ser um indicativo da presença de precursores de THM.
Uso do coagulante/floculante emergente à base de moringa no tratamento de água com verificação da composição e toxicidade do lodo produzido: tratamento de água com Moringa e toxicidade do lodo
Authors: Michelan Denise Conceição de Gois Santos , Santos Weslley Natanael de Araújo , Rosa Tamires Santos , Santos Débora de Gois , Jesus Rita de Cássia Santos de
Published: November 2021

RESUMO O presente estudo consistiu em avaliar a eficiência dos processos de tratamento convencional de água, por meio do coagulante natural Moringa oleifera Lam, com e sem casca, para o tratamento de água bruta captada do Rio Poxim, Aracaju, SE, Brasil. Após essa avaliação, realizou-se a análise da composição química e da toxicidade do lodo. As etapas de coagulação/floculação e decantação (30 e 60 minutos) foram realizadas em jar test com o coagulante, seguidas de filtração rápida descendente. A eficácia dos coagulantes foi analisada por meio da caracterização da água nas dosagens de 100, 200, 300 e 400 mg.L-1, por meio de análises físico-químicas, englobando os parâmetros pH, cor aparente e turbidez. O lodo proveniente do tratamento, em ambas as situações em estudo, foi caracterizado em relação à composição de proteína, amido e lipídio, além de ter sido verificada a toxicidade do resíduo por intermédio do crescimento e da germinação da Lactuca sativa. Como resultado, a moringa demonstrou potencial no tratamento de água pra consumo humano, principalmente o extrato de moringa com casca, tendo como dosagem ótima 300 mg.L-1 tanto para os parâmetros de cor quanto para a turbidez. Em relação ao pH, constatou-se que os tratamentos não promoveram variação significativa em relação aos valores da água bruta. Quanto à caracterização do lodo, foi possível verificar que em sua constituição há presença tanto de lipídio quanto de proteínas e ausência de amido; além disso, seu resíduo apresentou-se como atóxico para o meio ambiente.
Vacuum-induced lateral deformation around a vertical drain in dredged slurry
Authors: Zhou Y. , Yang H. , Wang P. , Yang X. T. , Xu F.
Published: November 2021

The horizontal strain in the vacuum preloading/dewatering of dredged slurry is significant to the apparent clogging effect and estimation of surface settlement around a drain; however, it has seldom been investigated in previous studies. In this study, a vacuum consolidation model test assisted by particle image velocimetry (PIV) technology was conducted. The displacement vector field was obtained through PIV analysis and image processing; it was used to visually observe the deformation features around a drain. Based on the displacement field, the vertical/horizontal strains at varied radial distances were calculated to explain the ‘soil pile’ and apparent clogging effect. From the strain distribution with radial distances, a significant lateral compression zone near the drain and an extension zone at farther areas were confirmed. Furthermore, a simple explicit model was established to evaluate the horizontal strain within a prefabricated vertical drain unit cell considering a horizontal attenuated vacuum and compression/extension zone. Finally, this method was applied to predict the horizontal displacement in the model test. The results showed that the proposed method can estimate the lateral displacement of soft clay slurry fairly well.
Coupling cyclic and water retention response of a clayey sand subjected to traffic and environmental cycles
Authors: Azizi Arash , Kumar Ashutosh , Toll David G.
Published: November 2021

Compacted soils used as formation layers of railways and roads continuously undergo water content and suction changes due to seasonal variations. Such variations, together with the impact of cyclic traffic-induced loads, can alter the hydro-mechanical behaviour of the soil, which in turn affects the performance of the superstructure. This study investigates the impact of hydraulic cycles on the coupled water retention and cyclic response of a compacted soil. Suction-monitored cyclic triaxial tests were performed on a compacted clayey sand. The cyclic response of the soil obtained after applying drying and wetting paths was different to that obtained immediately after compaction. The results showed that both suction and degree of saturation are required to interpret the cyclic behaviour. A new approach was developed using (a) a hysteretic water retention model to predict suction variations during cyclic loading and (b) Bishop's stress together with a bonding parameter to predict accumulated permanent strain and resilient modulus. The proposed formulations were able to predict the water retention behaviour, accumulated permanent strains and resilient modulus well, indicating the potential capability of using the fundamentals of unsaturated soils for predicting the effects of drying and wetting cycles on the coupled soil water retention and cyclic response.
Dynamic recovery actions in multi-objective liner shipping service with buffer times
Authors: Wen Xin , Ge Ying-En , Yin Yuqi , Zhong Meisu
Published: November 2021

This paper investigates the dynamic recovery policies for liner shipping services with the consideration of buffer time allocation and uncertainties. The aim of this study was to allocate the buffer time at the tactical level and then determine optimal options of actions, including speed optimisation strategy, port skipping and acceleration rate choice, for recovering from disruptions due to various uncertainties or random adverse events, which cause vessel delays. To achieve this, an attempt was made to obtain the optimal balance among economic, environmental and service reliability objectives. A novel mathematical formulation is introduced to solve the robust vessel scheduling problem with short- and long-term decisions. Furthermore, two heuristics were tested to solve the proposed model. Experiments on a container liner shipping service showed the validity of the model and a set of managerial insights were gained from them.
THE MODEL OF THE BRICS' SHARED INTEREST RATE TO CIRCULATE A DIGITAL CURRENCY
Authors: Zharikov Mikhail
Published: November 2021

The purpose is to offer an approach to introducing a market interest rate to circulate a digital currency in the BRICS. The topic is time-relevant, since economics today faces difficult challenges posed by questions about price stability, future growth and money market equilibrium. A digital currency is a special issue today due to the outbreak of covid-19, which made many central banks think about contactless means of payment. The author revealed policy tools to circulate a hypothetical digital currency in the BRICS, needed for the pentalateral use. The theoretical significance is to lay the foundation for a model that can be used to set up a virtual regional money market for the BRICS. In practical terms the article recommends a set of policy decisions to overcome the coronavirus crisis of 2020.
DETERMINING THE DEGREE OF CULTURAL DISTANCE IN DIVERSITY MANAGEMENT
Authors: Smith Natalia , Antonov Anton
Published: November 2021

In the process of transforming the priority of material and technical values to the paradigm of flexible thinking, communicative interaction becomes a new value, which is a vital competence in the integrative multicultural reality of the global world, where cultural diversity is recognized as a key value. Diversity management is now dominant in organizational management, the ability to focus on organizing behavior based on the interaction of all parties in an environment where many cultures are intertwined. The multidimensionality of the multicultural environment poses a challenge in determining the degree of cultural distance in an organization. This allows us to understand the similarities and differences between the host culture and the culture of foreign visitors and students, and to identify gaps and barriers to intercultural interaction and adaptation tools. It also calls for the formation of all actors in the educational process of the necessary knowledge and skills that contribute to their adequate orientation in belonging to their own culture and awareness of the influence of their value dominants in practical situations of intercultural communication. Thus, in organizational management, host Russian universities face the challenge of recognizing their own cultural paradigm and thinking.
DESIGN THINKING IS A METHODOLOGY FOR CREATING INNOVATIONS AND DEVELOPING HUMAN CREATIVITY
Authors: Vasilieva Elena
Published: November 2021

Not so long ago, human resources were perceived as the main participant in business processes and as an integral part of the company's organizational capital. However, automation and the introduction of industrial technologies 4.0 replace people with programs, robots, chatbots, etc. But this does not mean that in the new era, human functions in the process will be reduced to a minimum. Goals focused on the implementation of new business tasks in the face of constant changes will require a person to work in a team, effectively use their competencies, be focused and successful, think outside the box and find original solutions, actively use the accumulated individual and collective intellectual capital. This will make the application of various techniques of the design thinking methodology an integral part of human activity in the company. The author gives an overview of the tools and techniques of design thinking, shows the features of their application. Highlights the specifics of organizing collective creative work and maintaining an atmosphere of trust and creativity. Provides a list of popular digital services for organizing teamwork. The development of the design thinking approach was achieved through the new methodology - Platform Innovation Kit, which is used for designing an ecosystem platform. Platform design canvases help startups and corporations launch and scale businesses on digital platforms.
Longitudinal Study of the Relationship Between Conscious Self-Regulation, School Engagement and Student Academic Achievement
Authors: Fomina T.G. , Filippova E.V. , Morosanova V.I.
Published: November 2021

The study seeks to examine the longitudinal relationship between school en¬gagement, conscious self-regulation, and student academic achievement. Research analysis covers the data obtained in two longitudinal studies of two student groups: 8—9 graders (N=106) and 10—11 graders (N=96). Diagnostics of self-regulation was carried out by means of “Self-Regulation Profile of Learn¬ing Activity Questionnaire — SRPLAQ”, school engagement was assessed using “A Multidimensional School Engagement Scale» (Wang et al., 2019; Fomina, Mo¬rosanova, 2020). The average value of annual marks in core academic subjects served as an indicator of academic achievement. The measurements were taken twice, with one-year interval. The study revealed significant changes (decrease) in the level of students’ school engagement during their transition from grade 8 to grade 9. When moving from grade 10 to grade 11, the students significantly increase their levels of self-regulation, school engagement, and academic perfor¬mance. Cross-lagged panel analysis made it possible to establish that conscious self-regulation is a significant predictor of successful learning and high student engagement during the transition to the 9th grade. Whereas in grade 11, student engagement in the educational process, as well as previous academic success, plays a more significant role for successful learning. The data obtained allowed for specifying the directions of the causal relationship between school engage¬ment, conscious self-regulation, and academic achievement of students in differ¬ent periods of schooling.
Anatomy of Continuous Mars SEIS and Pressure Data from Unsupervised Learning
Authors: Barkaoui Salma , Lognonné Philippe , Kawamura Taichi , Stutzmann Éléonore , Seydoux Léonard , de Hoop Maarten V. , Balestriero Randall , Scholz John-Robert , Sainton Grégory , Plasman Matthieu , Ceylan Savas , Clinton John , Spiga Aymeric , Widmer-Schnidrig Rudolf , Civilini Francesco , Banerdt W. Bruce
Published: November 2021

The seismic noise recorded by the Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy, and Heat Transport (InSight) seismometer (Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure [SEIS]) has a strong daily quasi-periodicity and numerous transient microevents, associated mostly with an active Martian environment with wind bursts, pressure drops, in addition to thermally induced lander and instrument cracks. That noise is far from the Earth’s microseismic noise. Quantifying the importance of nonstochasticity and identifying these microevents is mandatory for improving continuous data quality and noise analysis techniques, including autocorrelation. Cataloging these events has so far been made with specific algorithms and operator’s visual inspection. We investigate here the continuous data with an unsupervised deep-learning approach built on a deep scattering network. This leads to the successful detection and clustering of these microevents as well as better determination of daily cycles associated with changes in the intensity and color of the background noise. We first provide a description of our approach, and then present the learned clusters followed by a study of their origin and associated physical phenomena. We show that the clustering is robust over several Martian days, showing distinct types of glitches that repeat at a rate of several tens per sol with stable time differences. We show that the clustering and detection efficiency for pressure drops and glitches is comparable to or better than manual or targeted detection techniques proposed to date, noticeably with an unsupervised approach. Finally, we discuss the origin of other clusters found, especially glitch sequences with stable time offsets that might generate artifacts in autocorrelation analyses. We conclude with presenting the potential of unsupervised learning for long-term space mission operations, in particular, for geophysical and environmental observatories.
Evaluation of rivaroxaban versus warfarin for the treatment of cerebral vein thrombosis: A case-control blinded study
Authors: Khorvash Fariborz , Farajpour-Khanaposhtani Mohammad Javad , Hemasian Helia , Saadatnia Sayed Mohammad
Published: November 2021

Background: Anticoagulation therapy following cerebral vein thrombosis (CVT) can improve mortality and morbidity. Vitamin K antagonists are currently the routine oral anticoagulant used for CVT; while by introduction of rivaroxaban, a direct factor Xa inhibitor, the attentions have been deviated toward novel agents, but the evidence is not strong. The current study is aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban versus warfarin for anticoagulation therapy of CVT.
Methods: The current randomized clinical trial has been conducted on 50 patients with CVT among which, 25 ones were randomly allocated to rivaroxaban treatment (20 mg per day for three months) and remained 25 ones to warfarin treatment [adjusted based on international normalized ratio (INR) of 2-3]. The Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and clinical investigations, including the incidence of seizure, papilledema, intra/extra-cranial bleeding, blurred vision, headache, nausea and vomiting, and death were evaluated at discharge time and within 3 and 6 months following CVT incidence; eventually, two groups were compared.
Results: Comparison of mRS scores between the groups revealed significant differences in none of the interval assessments, at the time of admission (P = 0.510), within three months (P = 0.630), and within six months (P = 0.990), while both of the approaches led to significant decrease in mRS scores following both of the treatments (P < 0.001). The comparison of drug-related adverse effects showed insignificant difference between warfarin versus rivaroxaban (P > 0.050).
Conclusion: Based on this study, rivaroxaban is an efficacious agent for the treatment of CVT without remarkable adverse effects.
Cladribine tablets are a cost-effective strategy in high-disease activity relapsing multiple sclerosis patients in Iran
Authors: Ayati Nayyereh , Fleifel Lora , Sahraian Mohammad Ali , Nikfar Shekoufeh
Published: November 2021

Background: Cladribine tablets are the foremost oral immune-reconstitution therapy for high disease activity relapsing multiple sclerosis (HDA-RMS). We aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of cladribine tablets compared to natalizumab in patients with HDA-RMS in Iran.
Methods: A 5-year cohort-based Markov model was developed with 11 expanded disability status score (EDSS) health states, including patients with HDA-RMS as on and off-treatment. All costs were identified from the literature and expert opinion and were measured in Iranian Rial rates, changed to the 2020 USD rate and were discounted by 7.2%. Quality adjusted life years (QALY), discounted by 3.5%, and life years gained (LYG) were adopted to measure efficacy. The final results were presented as incremental cost-effectiveness ratio that was compared to a national willingness to pay (WTP) threshold of 1 to 3 gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses (D/PSA) were employed to evaluate uncertainty.
Results: Cladribine tablets dominated natalizumab and yielded 6,607 USD cost-saving and 0.003 additional QALYs per patient. LYG was comparable. The main cost component was drug acquisition cost in both arms. DSA indicated the sensitivity of the results to the cost discount rates and also the patients’ body weight; while they were less sensitive to the main clinical variables. PSA indicated that cladribine tablets were cost-effective in Iran, with a probability of 57.5% and 58.6% at lower and higher limits of threshold, respectively.
Conclusion: Cladribine tablets yielded higher QALYs and lower costs compared to natalizumab, in patients with HDA-RMS in Iran.
Cost-effectiveness of ocrelizumab for treatment of Iranian patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis
Authors: Ayati Nayyereh , Taheri Saeed , Sahraian Mohammad Ali , Nikfar Shekoufeh
Published: November 2021

Background: The current study desired to conduct an economic analysis on ocrelizumab (OCR), a new relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS) treatment strategy, in comparison to natalizumab (NTL), as one of the mostly-used disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in Iran.
Methods: A 31-health-state Markov model, based on Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), containing patients on- and off-treatment with annual cycles was developed. Baseline demographics and utility scores were extracted from OPERA 1 and 2 trials. Confirmed disability progression (CDP) and annualized relapse rates (ARR) were extracted from the literature. Mortality was calculated based on age, sex, and disease state. Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and life years gained (LYG) were measurements of efficacy. Direct and indirect costs were identified and calculated based on the national book of tariffs in Iranian Rial (IRR) rates, then converted to the 2020 United States Dollar (USD). Final results were reported in terms of incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), which showed extra costs required for one additional QALY. Robustness of the model was analyzed through deterministic sensitivity analysis (DSA) and probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA).
Results: OCR dominated NTL and was associated with cost-savings of 6971 USD, longer LYG (0.004), and higher QALYs (0.27). Although OCR had higher acquisition costs, which was the main component in both comparator arms, it was associated with lower total costs, due to lower disability progression and productivity loss. Results remained robust in DSA and PSA (93.5% cost-effectiveness in Iran’s pharmacoeconomic threshold, 2709 USD).
Conclusion: Results suggested that OCR was a more cost-effective option than NTL for the treatment of patients with RMS in Iran.
COVID-19 related hospitalization costs; assessment of influencing factors
Authors: Haji Aghajani Mohammad , Sistanizad Mohammad , Toloui Amirmohammad , Madani Neishaboori Arian , Pourhoseingholi Asma , Maher Ali , Asadpoordezaki Ziba , Miri Reza , Yousefifard Mahmoud
Published: November 2021

Objective: Our aim is to assess the effective factors on hospitalization costs of COVID-19 patients.
Methods: Data related to clinical characteristics and cost of hospitalized COVID-19 patients from February 2020 until July 2020, in a public teaching hospital in Tehran, Iran was gathered in a retrospective cohort study. The corresponding factors influencing the diagnostic and therapeutic costs were evaluated, using a generalized linear model.
Results: The median COVID-19 related diagnostic and therapeutic costs in a public teaching hospital in Iran, for one hospitalized COVID-19 patient was equal to 271.1 US dollars (USD). In patients who were discharged alive from the hospital, the costs increased with patients’ pregnancy (P<0.001), loss of consciousness during hospitalization (P<0.001), a history of drug abuse (P=0.006), history of chronic renal disease (P<0.001), end stage renal disease (P=0.002), history of brain surgery (P=0.001), history of migraine (P=0.001), cardiomegaly (P=0.033) and occurrence of myocardial infarction during hospitalization (P<0.001). In deceased patients, low age P<0.001), history of congenital disease (P=0.024) and development of cardiac dysrhythmias during hospitalization (P=0.044) were related to increase in therapeutic costs.
Conclusion: Median diagnostic and therapeutic costs in COVID-19 patients, hospitalized in a public teaching hospital in Iran were 271.1 USD. Hoteling and medications made up most of the costs. History of cardiovascular disease and new onset episodes of such complications during hospitalization were the most important factors contributing to the increase of therapeutic costs. Moreover, pregnancy, loss of consciousness, and renal diseases are of other independent factors affecting hospitalization costs in COVID-19 patients.
Potential therapeutic approaches in paraquat poisoning: a narrative review
Authors: Ghabousian Amir , Safari Saeed , Ansari Niloufar
Published: November 2021

Paraquat dichloride (PQ) poisoning is a relatively rare yet critical medical condition that has a high case fatality rate. Lung tissue is highly susceptible to PQ-induced injury, and respiratory failure is the leading cause of death in these patients. Unfortunately, there is a lack of an effective therapeutic approach to ameliorate outcomes. It is well-known that PQ interferes with a variety of cell signaling pathways and induces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which ultimately results in cell injury. The traditional treatment decisions have not been able to significantly change the clinical course of PQ poisoning. Moreover, novel therapeutic strategies for PQ poisoning have centered on the inhibition of PQ-induced signaling pathways. In the current review, we sought to provide a bird’s-eye view of the available therapeutic approaches in patients with PQ poisoning.
An interesting case of an atraumatic painful swollen limb in a pregnant woman
Authors: Chowdhury Debkumar
Published: November 2021

Phlegmasia cerulea dolens is an uncommon complication of deep venous thrombosis. This is associated with high rates of morbidity if not treated effectively. We present a young lady 13 weeks pregnant with one-day history of left lower limb swelling with pain and discolouration. Bedside ultrasonography revealed thrombosis occluding the common femoral vein and collateral femoral vein. She had history of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopaenia (NAIT), and had immunotherapy previously. The safest option was to give low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) on an inpatient basis. Anticoagulation with LMWH has been well established as thromboprophylaxis during pregnancy, however, the safety profile of systemic anticoagulation is matter of debate. As highlighted in this scenario the management needs to be tailored on an individual basis. The cause for the extensive deep vein thrombosis could be possibly due to the recent immunoglobulin therapy, undiagnosed prothrombotic state (outwith pregnancy) or the procoagulant state associated with pregnancy.
Acute electrocardiogram pseudoinfarction pattern and reversible left ventricular systolic dysfunction in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperkalemia: a case report
Authors: Moghtadaie Atie , Miratashi Yazdi Seyed Amir , Ashraf Haleh , Soleimani Abbas
Published: November 2021

Coexisting myocardial infarction (MI) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) are the most common causes of death in diabetic patients. We report a patient with ischemic heart disease manifestations who was finally diagnosed to have DKA as a predisposing factor. The case we present in this paper is a 57-year-old man who was found unconscious in a hotel and presented with complaints of vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. He had severe dyspnea and chest pain radiating to his back. He had ST-segment elevation in anterior leads on electrocardiogram (ECG), with non-obstructive coronary artery disease in the subsequent heart catheterization. MI patients should be treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or fibrinolytic agents, but pseudoinfarction due to DKA responds to medical treatment. Thus, it is also important to know that coexistence of both DKA and MI is possible, and neglecting such situations can lead to lethal consequences.
Construcción de prototipo de CANSAT para toma de imágenes aéreas para detección de zonas de vegetación en agricultura de precisión
Authors: Mejía González Juan José , Zapata Gil Sebastián Augusto , León Serna Sebastián , Buriticá Isaza Nicolás , González Jaramillo Davinson  Arsuis , Zamora Vélez Jorge M.
Published: November 2021

En este artículo se presenta el diseño del CANSAT Heliospectrum[1] desarrollado para su aplicación en percepción remota y análisis de imágenes para competir en el concurso anual realizado por la Sociedad de Sistemas Electrónicos y Aeroespaciales (AESS), capítulo Colombia. El equipo Helios, desarrollador del CANSAT, hace parte del grupo de investigación ASTRA de la Universidad de Antioquia. El diseño se realizó siguiendo las restricciones impuestas por el concurso, en las cuales el picosatélite debía asemejarse a una radiosonda con transmisores, componentes electrónicos, sensores con medición de aceleraciones, presión atmosférica, temperatura, campos magnéticos y aptitud para volar a 1.000 metros de altura (como mínimo), caer libremente y aterrizar con la ayuda de un paracaídas. Así mismo, cumple con los requerimientos necesarios para hacer del CANSAT una plataforma multipropósito con énfasis en percepción remota para aplicación en agricultura de precisión. Se implementó una cámara RGB como carga útil que, con ayuda de un algoritmo de análisis de imágenes que implementa el Excess Green Index (ExG) y el espacio de color Hue, Saturation, Value (HSV), permitió obtener resultados cualitativos de índices de vegetación. El CANSAT está conceptualizado en cinco subsistemas: computadora de vuelo, telemetría, estructura, descenso y recuperación, y potencia. En la aviónica del picosatélite se encuentran componentes principales como el microcontrolador Teensy 3,5, GPS GY-NEO6MV2, IMU GY-89 y en el sistema de recuperación un paracaídas expulsado con un servomotor. El prototipo de CANSAT fue fabricado y probado con éxito por el equipo, resultando ganador de la categoría “Cóndores” de la competencia CANSAT Colombia de la AESS.
 
[1] CANSAT con designación HELI0513 en el concurso CANSAT Colombia 2020.
Policijsko delo z mladimi
Authors: Kokoravec Iza , Meško Gorazd
Published: November 2021

Policijsko delo v skupnosti je razmeroma nova strategija preventivnega dela, v kateri policija s pomočjo lokalne skupnosti in drugih institucij, ki se ukvarjajo z varnostno problematiko, identificira in rešuje težave ter konflikte. Glavni nosilec takšnega preventivnega dela je vodja policijskega okoliša. Vodja policijskega okoliša med drugim tudi vzpostavlja stik z mladostniki v lokalnem okolju, prepoznava rizične skupine mladostnikov in vodi preventivne dejavnosti in programe. Pomembno je, da stik z mladostniki vzpostavi kar se da zgodaj in poskuša z njimi zgraditi pozitiven odnos. Poleg izvajanja izobraževalnih predavanj, usposabljanj in predstavitev na izobraževalnih institucijah, na katerih policisti podajajo ključne informacije o delu policije, varnostnih problematikah in samozaščiti, policija sama ali v sodelovanju z drugimi institucijami izvaja tudi število preventivnih programov in kampanj. Čeprav si policija prizadeva za čim boljše sodelovanje in predajanje ključnih informacij, pa pogosto prihaja do pomanjkljivega sodelovanja z določenimi institucijami in nevladnimi organizacijami.
An assessment of the physiological quality of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L Moench) seeds planted by farmers in Bomet District of Kenya
Authors:   Karatina University College, Ochieng LA , Mathenge PW , Muasya R ,   Southern Eastern University College, Kenya
Published: November 2021

Sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is an important crop that enhances food security in a region . As a food crop, sorghum is nutritious , containing starch (75- 79%) as the major component, followed by protein (6.0 -16.1%) and oil (2.1- 5.0%). Despite the crop’s versatility, it is regrettable that sorghum yields are still fairly low in Bomet District of Kenya. One of the constraints associated with low yields is the accessibility to good quality seeds by farmers . It was assumed in this study that use of low quality seed was among the factors that could be significantly affecting the low production of sorghum in the district. This study focused on the physiological quality of seed which refers to the germination capacity, viability, characteristics related to dormancy and vigour of the seed. A total of 100 farmers were interviewed and 80 seed sample s were obtained from 80 farmers. The seeds were subjected to viability and vigour quality tests. These tests included germination (as a viability test); mean germination time and electrical conductivity tests (as vigour tests). About 29% of the seed samples taken for germination test were below the laboratory standards as stipulated in the seeds and Plant Varieties Act (CAP 326). Critical electrical conductivity values and critical mean germination time values were derived during the study . In accordance with the critical values arrived at in this study, 27.5% of the seed samples showed relatively high electric al conductivity readings and 36.3% of the seed samples showed longer mean germination time. However, 11.3% of the seed samples showed high germination percentages of above 90%. Since about 29% of farmers seeds were of bad physiological quality, it was concluded that this proportion of seed can result in poor yields and hence cause food insecurity to the people of the society , and thus require s further consideration for improvement . This study recommends that further research be conducted on the genetic, physical and sanitary quality aspects of seed planted by farmers in Bomet District so that a definite conclusive statement about the quality of seed planted by farmers in the District can be made.
Determinants of fast food consumption in Kampala, Uganda
Authors:   Makerere University, Ayo SA , Bonabana-Wabbi J , Sserunkuuma D
Published: November 2021

Consumption of fast-food in Uganda is becoming an increasingly important component of the food market as more of the working class choose to dine out rather than prepare meals at home. Despite the importance of the fast-food sector, limited attempts have been made to study the consumption and expenditure behaviour of consumers of fast-food in Uganda. The main objective of this study was to assess characteristics influencing the consumption of fast-food in Kampala district. Specifically, the objectives of the study were: to assess the factors influencing the probability of consuming fast-food; and to determine the level of expenditure on fastfood. Primary data on socio-economic characteristics were collected from a sample of 300 respondents using a multi-stage sampling procedure. The study revealed that majority (90%) of the respondents consumed fast-food. The consumption of fast-food was most motivated by their taste and convenience. Results from the Heckman model show that household size, education level and distance from work-place to restaurant negatively influenced the probability of fast-food consumption and level of expenditure on fast-food while disposable monthly income had a positive effect on the probability of consumption and level of expenditure on fast-food. The high demand for fast-food is seen as an easy solution to consumers’ busy schedules and limited meal preparation time. As changing tastes and need for convenience become the goal of households, consumption of fast-food will be expected to rise especially in urban areas. This increase in fast-food consumption, coupled with rising population and urbanization in Uganda offers new market opportunities for agribusiness firms to exploit the growing demand by investing in the fast-food sector and producing sufficiently for this market. In addition, fast-food establishments should ensure proximity of their products and services to the consumers as convenience greatly influences fast-food consumption. Future research should include identification of sources of agricultural products used by fast-food outlets to provide information about the contribution of the fast-food sector to agricultural marketing and farmers’ livelihoods in Uganda.
Climate change and food security: The role of biotechnology
Authors:   Food Research Institute, Ghana, Quaye W , Yawson RM , Ayeh ES , Yawson I
Published: November 2021

Several climate change related factors including temperature increases, changes in rainfall patterns and outbreak of pests and diseases negatively affect agricultural productivity and food security . Climate change effects significantly in crease production risk and rural vulnerability, particularly in regions that already suffer from chronic soil and water resource scarcity or high exposure to climatic extremes, such as droughts and flooding. The effects of climate change on agriculture may depend not only on changing climate conditions, but also on the agricultural sector’s ability to adapt through changes in technology and demand for food. Significant proportions of the growing populations in developing countries derive their livelihoods f rom agriculture and are, therefore, vulnerable to climate change effects . The task of eradicating extreme poverty and hunger by 2015, as per Millennium Development Goals , will require both regional and global research efforts and concrete actions among which biotechnology adoption plays a key role. Advances in biotechnology can lead to cutting -edge technologies in agriculture. However, sub -Saharan Africa faces an uphill task with regard to the adoption and use of agricultural biotechnology. The potential to improve the livelihoods of resource -poor farmers is a strong incentive to meet the challenge. This paper reviews research work on climate change in relation to increasing food insecurity situation in sub -Saharan Africa (SSA) , and the significance of plant biotechnology in reversing the disturbing food insecurity trends on the continent . To move plant biotechnology forward, the paper recommends that African countries institutionalize effective bio -safety regulatory frameworks, and commit resources to capacity building and provision of infrastructure for biotechnology development . Funding of Genetically Modified Organism ( GM O) related research into tropical and sub- tropical staple foods , suitable for the needs of small- scale farmers in SSA countries , is strongly recommended. There is also the need for researchers to engage in effective education and communication with the general public so as to enhance adoption of biotechnological products in Africa .
A Variant of Material Connexive Logic
Authors: Belikov Alexander , Zaitsev Dmitry
Published: November 2021

The relationship between formal (standard) logic and informal (common-sense, everyday) reasoning has always been a hot topic. In this paper, we propose another possible way to bring it up inspired by connexive logic. Our approach is based on the following presupposition: whatever method of formalizing informal reasoning you choose, there will always be some classically acceptable deductive principles that will have to be abandoned, and some desired schemes of argument that clearly are not classically valid. That way, we start with a new version of connexive logic which validates Boethius’ (and thus, Aristotle’s) Theses and quashes their converse from right to left. We provide a sound and complete axiomatization of this logic. We also study the implication-negation fragment of this logic supplied with Boolean negation as a second negation.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Pada Anak Terkait Pemakaian Masker melalui Cerita Animasi
Authors: Husaini Husaini , Marlinae Lenie , Arifin Syamsul , Biworo Agung , Khairiyati Laily , Waskito Agung , Rahmat Anugrah Nur , Theana Sherly , Taufik Taufik , Afifah Noor Laila , Gilmani Muhammad , Syarifatul Jannah Winda Saukina , Azizah Ammara Ulfa , Jinan Raudatul , Fawaz Fairuz Nur
Published: November 2021

Penyebaran Covid-19 di Kalimantan Selatan, pada tanggal 28 April 2021 update terbaru mengenai Covid-19 oleh Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi terkonfirmasi 32,686 ribu kasus terkonfirmasi positif dengan meninggal 938 orang, 29.615 ribu sembuh dan sisanya masih dalam perawatan. Untuk Kabupaten Banjar jumlah yang terdampak Covid-19 yaitu sebesar 2.496 kasus. Anak-anak yang terdampak Covid-19 di Kalimantas Selatan yaitu sebesar 358 anak. Diperlukannya edukasi terhadap anak terkait cara penggunaan masker yang bersih dan sehat dengan menggunakan media cerita animasi agar pengetahuan anak terhadap cara mencegah Covid-19 dapat meningkat. Selain itu juga edukasi kepada orang tua diperlukan karena orang tua menjadi edukator kepada anaknya yang selalu mengingatkan dan memberi tahu anaknya dalam hal pencegahan Covid-19 khususnya dalam hal penggunaan masker yang bersih dan sehat. Metode yang digunakan meliputi tahap pendekatan kemasyarakatan ABG (Advokasi, Bina Suasana dan Gerakan Masyarakat), Survey lapangan, pelatihan dan evaluasi menggunakan pretest dan posttest. Berdasarkan hasil pre test terdapat 24 responden (87,5%) yang tingkat pengetahuannya baik dan setelah pemberian materi dan pelatihan, berdasarkan hasil post test terdapat 24 responden (100%) yang tingkat pengetahunnya baik. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan pada masyarkat terkait pemakaian maske bersih dan sehat. Peningkatan pengetahuan tersebut sangat berguna untuk mencegah penyebaran covid-19 pada anak. Kata kunci: pemakaian masker, pandemic, covid-19
Penyusunan Masterplan Desa Berbasis Mandiri-Wisata pada Desa Batulicin Irigasi, Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Mentayani Ira
Published: November 2021

The village master plan is a document that can be a guide in determining the direction and development of a village. With all the potentials that exist, Batulicin Irigasi Village does not yet have a master plan that can be a guide and development scheme in managing village potentials and minimizing existing obstacles. Preparation of the Batulicin Irigasi Village master plan is a form of community service from the Faculty of Engineering ULM. This Village master plan aims to help residents in understanding the potential values of the village and directing its development in realizing the aspirations and expectations of the residents. The concept raised in the Batulicin Irigasi Village master plan is independent tourism village. The independent village concept is based on food independence, economic independence, energy independence, water independence, and disaster preparedness. The concept of a tourist village through the Batulicin Irigasi Village development strategy can be implemented in the form of plantation and livestock arrangement, street furniture signage, yard guidelines, UMKM product marketing, village water reserves, mixed-use building, criteria for supporting buildings, village branding, regional landscapes, and tourist packages. It is hoped that the final result of the Batulicin Irigasi Village master plan can bring great benefits to the development of the local area and the surrounding community.