bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of ethylene vinyl acetate content on physical and mechanical properties of wood-plastic composites
Authors: Li Dongfang , Li Jianzhang , Hu Xiaohong , Li Li
Published: June 2023

To investigate the effects of different ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) contents on the performance of wood plastic composites (WPCs) made from poplar wood flour (PWF) and high density polyethylene (HDPE), physical properties tests, mechanical properties tests, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) tests were employed. The thermal stability and functional groups of PWF treated by EVA were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) , respectively. The results showed that the hardness, water uptake, and thickness swelling of the WPCs was reduced with increasing content of EVA. The MOR and tensile strength of the WPC treated by 15% EVA content were enhanced by 17.48% and 9.97%, respectively, compared with those of the WPC without EVA. TGA results showed that the thermal stability of PWF treated by EVA was improved. FTIR analysis indicated that PWF was reacted and coated with EVA. SEM results showed that gaps and voids hardly existed in the sections of the WPCs treated by EVA. This research suggests that the flexibility and mechanical properties of WPCs could be improved by adding EVA. The best condition of EVA content could be 15%.
High-yield protein recovery from secondary sludge of paper mill effluent and its characterization
Authors: Pervaiz Muhammad , Sain Mohini
Published: June 2023

Maximizing recovery and characterization of extractable proteins from secondary paper sludge is essential to explore the potential value from utilization of readily available waste products from pulp and paper mills. A multistep physicochemical recovery process was used, involving optimum alkaline solubilization of protein into an aqueous phase followed by augmented physical disruption of cell membranes. The final precipitation of solubilised protein was carried out using different acidic media. The optimization studies revealed that the best removal of intercellular contents from sludge can be achieved at pH 12; at this level, up to 88% of available protein is solubilised into the aqueous phase. Of all the precipitating agents used, sulphuric acid proved most effective by recovering 90% of disrupted protein. The combined effect of french press and sonication techniques resulted in significant improvement in the overall yield of recovered sludge protein (RSP). The characterization studies showed the presence of common and essential amino acids in RSP in significant quantities; it also showed that the recovery process can significantly reduce or eliminate heavy metals present in the sludge. The molecular weights (MW) of extractable proteins were determined by PAGE, and it was observed that RSP contains both low and high MW fractions.
Preparation and research of composite materials of the Al2O3‒ZrO2‒La2O3 system
Authors: Cherkasova N. Yu. , Antropova K. A. , Kuchumova I. D. , Fedorenko E. A. , Kim E. Yu. , Kiseleva I. Yu.
Published: June 2023

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About the fourth volume of selected works of Yu. E. Pivinskii «Quartz ceramics, HCBS and ceramic concretes»
Authors: Perepelitsyn V. A.
Published: June 2023

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The 85th birthday of Yu. E. Pivinskii
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: June 2023

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The Effectiveness of Blended Learning Model on Students’ Psychomotor Skills in Pencak Silat
Authors: Ridwan
Published: June 2023

The background of this research is the new normal activity after the Covid-19 pandemic which possible the application of blended learning, so the pencak silat learning materials experience a transition from face-to-face learning to online learning. This study aims to determine how much the effectiveness of blended learning implementation to students’ Pencak Silat psychomotor skills. The research method is used the experimental method of one group pretest-postest design. The population of this study is 420 students, with a sampling technique uses pisposive sampling for 76 students. The instrument is used a test with parametric statistical data analysis techniques t test. The results showed that, there is a significant influence (t count 7.79 > t table 2.415) on Pencak Silat course after the blended learning is applied. The influence is resulted; it is classified as a high percentage of increase %. Based on the results of this study, blended learning method gives a significant influence on the psychomotor skills of Pencak Silat in students compared to online learning method.
An Overview of Photoconductivity in Zn-based Nanomaterials
Authors: Uddin Islam
Published: June 2023

Photoconductivity is a phenomenon in which the electrical conductivity of a material increases upon exposure to light. Zn-based nanomaterials, including ZnO and ZnS nanoparticles, nanowires, and nanorods, have gained considerable attention in recent years due to their unique photoconductive properties. Photoconductivity is a fundamental property of materials that refers to the increase in electrical conductivity upon absorption of light. This paper provides an overview of photoconductivity in Zn-based nanomaterials, including the mechanisms of photoconductivity, and the factors affecting it, such as size, morphology, and doping, and highlights the prospects of zinc-based nanomaterials in optoelectronics.
FINANCIAL RISKS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY: CURRENT SITUATION AND IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Authors: Duc Nguyen Huu
Published: June 2023

The study of the current state of the renewable energy sources (RES) sector as an important area for reducing harmful emissions into the atmosphere makes it possible to identify a circle of subjects – participants in the RES electricity market. The financial risks they take largely determine the present and future of this innovative market in terms of investment, financing, lending, insurance, regulation, and incentives. The renewable energy market is of particular interest to investors, financial institutions, the state setting the rules of the game and stimulating its development. The financial risks of market participants as the probability of monetary losses and losses are manifested at all stages of the development and implementation of renewable energy projects, from the development of technologies to public procurement of generated electricity. The analysis made it possible to identify the features of financing renewable energy projects, in particular, high initial financial costs, long payback periods for projects requiring long-term lending, sensitivity to regulatory and legal changes on the part of the state in terms of purchase prices for electricity, subsidies and incentive benefits for its producers and financial institutions – participants. Based on specific examples of renewable energy projects, the risks of banks, insurers in Vietnam and a number of developing countries in South Asia that provide green loans and green insurance products to companies implementing renewable energy projects, as well as households producing electricity from solar systems, are considered. Recommendations were formulated for national financial regulators, banking institutions, insurance companies to ensure acceptable financial conditions for renewable energy projects and adequately assess their own financial risks.
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF NON-TARIFF REGULATION MEASURES ON EAEU IMPORTS
Authors: Ilyasov P. V. , Andreeva E. L.
Published: June 2023

The relevance of the article is due to the need to adapt the foreign trade of the EAEU to the conditions of sanctions restrictions on the part of western countries, reorientation and diversification of the foreign trade flows of the EAEU, including with the use of non-tariff regulation tools.

   Purpose: to assess the impact of NTMs on EAEU imports in order to develop recommendations for the development of a non-tariff regulation mechanism.

   The change in the role of NTMs in international trade policy is substantiated. The replacement of tariffs by measures of non-tariff regulation as the main instrument of protectionist policy is conditioned. The dynamics and structure of the development of NTMs for the period from 2015 to 2021 are analyzed, including the distribution of NTMs by product groups and countries. World trends and problems in the field of assessing the effects of non-tariff regulation, as well as problems specific to the EAEU, are outlined. The methodology for assessing the impact of NTMs on imports has been substantiated and tested, taking into account the specifics of the EAEU. An econometric model is proposed to identify the impact of individual non-tariff regulation measures applied by the EAEU countries in relation to imports from third countries.
FIXED MONETARY REGIMES – DEBATES AND ARGUMENTS (Continued)
Authors: Nenovsky N. , Faudot A.
Published: June 2023

The article elaborates material published earlier in the journal (Fixed Monetary Regimes – Debates and Arguments // International Trade and Trade Policy, 2023, Vol. 9, N 1 (33), pp. 23–35). The second part of the article examines the features of specific manifestations of types of institutional decisions within the framework of fixed exchange rates. The main problems arising in the coordination of independent national exchange rates are presented. Four institutional and organizational solutions to coordination problems are described in detail, namely: short-term capital movement control, currency management and unilateral dollarization (euroization), as well as a clearing union. The advantages and disadvantages of these solutions are discussed.
Mercado de Teapa, Tabasco: “Desafíos para los adultos mayores comerciantes”
Authors: Pulido Castellanos Zhenia Eythel , Castellanos Suárez Viviana
Published: June 2023

En este estudio se identifican los retos que intervienen en el bienestar de los adultos mayores que trabajan en el mercado Diana Córdova de Balboa, ubicado en municipio de Teapa en Tabasco, México. Se realizó una investigación de tipo cualitativa, exploratoria, considerando el método fenomenológico, el cual indaga el conjunto de experiencias y vivencias de estos sujetos. Al respecto, se llevaron a cabo entrevistas semiestructuradas a seis adultos mayores que han laborado en el espacio antes citado, en las cuales se busca obtener un acercamiento a la realidad de los adultos mayores comerciantes y que, con ello, se dé cuenta y se describan los retos que enfrentan en dicha actividad. Aspectos como la salud, las modificaciones en los modos de trabajo y circunstancias particulares como el medio familiar, son algunos de los desafíos que enfrentan los adultos mayores comerciantes de este mercado; aunado a esto, se le suma la situación emergente e incontrolable derivada de la pandemia por Covid-19 que los llevó a la encrucijada entre trabajar para alimentarse o confinarse para conservar su vida y salud. El análisis realizado permitió reafirmar que los adultos mayores son un sector de la población considerado vulnerable por condiciones como el deterioro en su salud, impacto de sus niveles socioeconómicos, carencia de sistemas de salud y de esquemas laborales; se aprecia como el hecho de padecer estos desafíos desmerita y vulnera su bienestar físico y psicológico. De esta manera, se busca contribuir a la reflexión sobre el bienestar de las personas mayores que desempeñan una actividad comercial independiente en tiempos actuales y replantear condiciones socioeconómicas laborales, así como redes de apoyo para fomentar su bienestar.
Editorial. Migraciones, adultos mayores, turismo rural, practicas pedagógicas e investigación. Una mirada desde realidades y contextos diversos.
Authors: Ulloa Hung Jorge
Published: June 2023

Esta entrega de Ciencia y Sociedad constituye un recorrido por diferentes fenómenos sociales tratados desde ópticas y contextos diversos. Un elemento que los caracteriza es su sentido reflexivo, básicamente mediado por enfoques y herramientas de investigación cualitativos, aspecto que le otorga un énfasis analítico a este volumen 48 número 2 de la revista...
La política de migración selectiva en Venezuela durante el siglo xx: desde la tipología de migrante de raza blanca hasta el migrante calificado proveniente de Europa Oriental
Authors: Salgado Bustillos Flavio , Diaz Lira Marinelly
Published: June 2023

La investigación examina los nexos entre la política migratoria, la petrolera y la migración, con el objetivo de identificar los hitos relevantes que configuraron el fenómeno de la migración en Venezuela durante el siglo xx. En cuanto a la metodología, se revisaron fuentes primarias y secundarias, que incluyeron censos, leyes y notas de prensa que se utilizaron para reconstruir el contexto histórico en el que tuvieron lugar los flujos migratorios. Entre los principales hallazgos, se comprobó que el Estado venezolano mantuvo una política de migración selectiva hasta 1999, puesto que nunca abandonó su aspiración de atraer migrantes proveniente tanto de la Europa occidental como oriental, tal como se refleja en la instalación de Comisión Presidencial para la inmigración Selectiva (COPRISE), durante el segundo gobierno de Carlos Andrés Pérez; o el discurso anti colombiano que caracterizó a la vocería oficial durante el segundo gobierno de Rafael Caldera.
Animal Disease Prediction using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Rehman Sana , Rathore Bhanushikha , Lal Roshan
Published: June 2023

Abstract: A great uprising has been witnessed in numerousAnimal Diseases in the past many years. Many of these diseaseshave the tendency to transform into zoonotic diseases which can turn out to be very infectious and impact both animals as well as humans. Machine Learning is the field of study that deals with making machines/computers learn on their own so that further predictions can be made for varied Applications. Human disease detection using Machine Learning Techniques has been there from quite a while but very few advancements have been made for Animal Diseases. Through this research paper we make a new contribution in the aforementioned field by deploying ML techniques to classify certain Animal Diseases along with predicting the spread of the disease. Animal disease when turn into Zoonosis can have a huge scale impact on both Human and Animal species. So, through this project we also used certain techniques to predict if the disease is zoonotic or not.
Smart Eye Tracker Control System
Authors: Ijardar Kalyani , Dhakite Mansi , Kakde Mayuri , Jaiswal Palak , Barai Tushar
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Many people are physically injured or paralyzed as a result of an accident, making it impossible for them to engage in daily activities like watching TV or browsing the internet. Even after becoming paralyzed, individuals can instinctively move their eyes and use it. The primary goal of this is to address the issue of any physically challenged individuals who wish to operate freely on a computer system, without depending on any of the person for the daily activities. It is a system that is accessible for free that uses open-source software and a webcam to take pictures of the user's face and pupil before doing actions in response to their movements.
Image Processing: Comparison and Analysis of Image Formats
Authors: Joopally Vedarutvija , Kaundinya Akhil , Rao Annapurna
Published: June 2023

Abstract: As technology is growing drastically day by day, undoubtedly there is a rapid increase in demand for image processing in every field. Each day billions of images are clicked. Collecting and analyzing those images may give us amazing results in our real-time applications. There are many different applications of image processing in the areas of space, medical, traffic, and banking, such as planet discovery, brain tumor detection, fraud detection, and object detection, etc. The objective of this research is to compare images of different formats, different resolutions, and different sizes and analyze the differences between them. We have used open-source Python libraries, OpenCV, and Pillow which are helpful in the computer vision area. Our analysis found that working with the pillow library is more accurate than working with the OpenCV library.
A Study on Cement Partially Replaced with Chalk Powder and Coconut Fiber Ash with the Addition of Asbestos Fiber
Authors: Atul Mohd. , Lalotra Sourabh
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Concrete can be defined as a building material that can be composed by mixing gravel or broken stone, sand, cement, and water. The mixture can be poured into any shape, size of mould, which on hardening gives a solid stone like mass, the strength of hardened solid mass can be increased by adding admixtures. The main aim of the admixtures is to enhance the properties to some extend of the desired solid mass. In common man language concrete can be defined as mixture of paste and aggregates. The partial replacement of aggregates is need for the future generation of concrete structures for the environment supportable. The depletion of the natural resources gets exhausted. We have think over the alternate replacement of the materials. In present work the cement partially replaced by Chalk Powder, Coconut Fiber Ash with the addition of Asbestos Fibres. Optimum value of strength in compression, split tensile and flexure came at 18% replacement with 0.6% addition the strength is higher than conventional concrete. The workability of mixture increases and after that there is decrease in the workability of the concrete when we increase the percentage of Chalk Powder, Coconut Fiber Ash. A series of experiment were carried out to measure the compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength of the concrete. The results showed that the compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength increases with the adding of the Chalk Powder, Coconut Fiber Ash with the addition of Asbestos Fibres.
TbsP and TrmB jointly regulate gapII to influence cell development phenotypes in the archaeon Haloferax volcanii
Authors: Schmid Amy , Hackley Rylee K. , Hwang Sungmin , Herb Jake T. , Bhanap Preeti , Vreugdenhil Angie , Darnell Cynthia L. , Martinez-Pastor Mar , Martin Johnathan H. , Maupin-Furlow Julie
Published: June 2023

Microbial cells must continually adapt their physiology in the face of
changing environmental conditions. Archaea living in extreme conditions,
such as saturated salinity, represent important examples of such
resilience. The model salt-loving organism Haloferax volcanii
exhibits remarkable plasticity in its morphology, biofilm formation, and
motility in response to variations in nutrients and cell density.
However, the mechanisms regulating these lifestyle transitions remain
unclear. In prior research, we showed that the transcriptional
regulator, TrmB, maintains the rod shape in the related species
Halobacterium salinarum by activating the expression of
enzyme-coding genes in the gluconeogenesis metabolic pathway. In
Hbt. salinarum, TrmB-dependent production of glucose moieties is
required for cell surface glycoprotein biogenesis. Here we use a
combination of genetics, quantitative phenotyping, and gene expression
assays to demonstrate that TrmB is essential for growth under
gluconeogenic conditions in Hfx. volcanii. The ∆ trmB
strain rapidly accumulated suppressor mutations in a gene encoding a
novel transcriptional regulator, which we name Trm Bsu ppressor, or TbsP. TbsP is required for adhesion to
abiotic surfaces (i.e. biofilm formation), and maintains wild type cell
morphology, and motility. TrmB and TbsP jointly regulate the
glucose-dependent transcription of gapII, which encodes an
important gluconeogenic enzyme. We conclude that TrmB and TbsP
co-regulate gluconeogenesis, with downstream impacts on lifestyle
transitions in response to nutrients in Hfx. volcanii.
Patterns of Alluviation in Mixed Bedrock-Alluvial Channels: 2. Controls on the Formation of Alluvial Patches
Authors: Cho Jongseok , Nelson Peter A.
Published: June 2023

Understanding the development and spatial distribution of alluvial
patches in mixed bedrock-alluvial rivers is necessary to predict the
mechanisms of the interactions between sediment transport, alluvial
cover, and bedrock erosion. This study aims to analyze patterns of
bedrock alluviation using a 2D morphodynamic model, and to use the model
results to better understand the mechanisms responsible for alluvial
patterns observed experimentally. A series of simulations are conducted
to explore how alluvial patterns in mixed bedrock-alluvial channels form
and evolve for different channel slopes and antecedent sediment layer
thicknesses. In initially bare bedrock low-slope channels, the model
predicts a linear relationship between sediment cover and sediment
supply because areas of subcritical flow enable sediment deposition,
while in steep-slope channels the flow remains fully supercritical and
the model predicts so-called runaway alluviation. For channels initially
covered with sediment, the model predicts a slope-dependent sediment
supply threshold above which a linear relationship between bedrock
exposure and sediment supply develops, and below which the bedrock
becomes fully exposed. For a given sediment supply, the fraction of
bedrock exposure and average alluvial thickness converge toward the
equilibrium value regardless of the initial cover thickness so long as
it exceeds a minimum threshold. Steep channels are able to maintain a
continuous strip of sediment under sub-capacity sediment supply
conditions by achieving a balance between increased form drag as
bedforms develop and reduced surface roughness as the portion of
alluvial cover decreases. In lower-slope channels, alluvial patches are
distributed sporadically in regions of the subcritical flow.
Improving the Representation of Raindrop Size Distributions Using the In-situ Microphysics Observations Collected in Hurricanes
Authors: Leighton Hua , Zhang Xuejin , Black Robert A. , Marks Frank
Published: June 2023

Raindrop Size Distributions (RSDs) samples from 15 flight missions
though 6 hurricanes collected by Precipitation Imaging Probe (PIP)
during National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s hurricane field
program in 2020 are used to study gamma fits of the RSDs in hurricanes.
The method of moment (MM) is adopted for solving for the three
parameters in gamma distribution. The results show that the usage of
lower (higher) moments produces large biases for integral rain variables
(IRV) of higher (lower) moments. These biases can be alleviated by
extracting the best fits from five groups that use increasing higher
orders of moments for MM. An intercept (N0)— slope (λ) relation
identified from the fitted gamma distributions captures 92% of the
variance of the data, where the majority of remaining 8% can be further
captured by including the impact of liquid water content (LWC), as shown
in the results from a random forest regression model.
Indirect Observations of Electric Fields at Comet 67P
Authors: Moeslinger Anja , Nilsson Hans , Wieser Gabriella Stenberg , Gunell Herbert , Goetz Charlotte
Published: June 2023

No spacecraft visiting a comet has been equipped with instruments to
directly measure the static electric field. However, the electric field
can occasionally be estimated indirectly by observing its effects on the
ion velocity distribution. We present such observations made by the
Rosetta spacecraft on 19th of April 2016 when comet 67P was at a low
outgassing rate and the plasma environment was relatively homogeneous.
The ion velocity distributions show the cometary ions on the first half
of their gyration. We estimate the bulk drift velocity and the gyration
speed from the distributions. By using the local measured magnetic field
and assuming an E x B drift of the gyrocentre, we get an estimate for
the average electric field driving this ion motion. We analyse a period
of 13h, during which the plasma environment does not change drastically.
We find that the average strength of the electric field is 0.21mV/m. The
direction of the electric field is mostly anti-sunward. This is in
agreement with previous results based on different methods
The predictability of maxillary curve of Spee leveling with the Invisalign appliance
Authors: Lim Zi Wei , Meade Maurice J. , Weir Tony
Published: June 2023

Objectives

To evaluate the predictability of the Invisalign appliance (Align Technology, Santa Clara, Calif) in leveling the maxillary curve of Spee (COS).

Materials and Methods

A retrospective sample of adult subjects treated with the Invisalign appliance between 2013 and 2019 were selected. Patients were treated nonextraction in the maxillary arch and had either Angle Class I or II malocclusions with a minimum of 14 aligners with no bite ramps. Initial, predicted, and actual outcomes were analyzed with Geomagic Control X software (version 2017.0.3; 3D Systems, Cary, NC).

Results

A sample of 53 cases satisfied inclusion/exclusion criteria. Paired t-tests demonstrated a significant difference between mean predicted and actual maxillary COS leveling with a shortfall of 0.11 mm (SD = 0.37; P = .033). Planned intrusion tended to be more accurate posteriorly with an overexpression of 117% for the first molars. Planned extrusion was the least accurate, with the mid-arch demonstrating expressions of –14% to –48%. These teeth intruded despite a prescribed extrusive movement.

Conclusions

The Invisalign appliance did not accurately predict maxillary COS leveling. Planned intrusive movements were overcorrected, and planned extrusive movements were either undercorrected or resulted in intrusion. This effect was most apparent for the upper first molar, which expressed 117% and –48% of planned intrusion and extrusion, respectively.
Tutkimusaineistojen ja -menetelmien avoimuus. Korkeakoulu- ja tutkimusyhteisön kansallinen linjaus ja toimenpideohjelma 2021–2025
Authors: Avoimen tieteen ja tutkimuksen kansallinen koordinaatio AVOTT
Published: June 2023

Tämä tutkimusaineistojen ja -menetelmien avointa saatavuutta koskeva linjaus tukee avoimen tieteen ja tutkimuksen julistusta 2020–2025 sekä sen yleistä periaatetta, jonka mukaan tutkimusaineistojen tulisi olla niin avoimia kuin mahdollista ja niin suljettuja kuin välttämätöntä. Linjaus perustuu laajaan kansalliseen ja kansainväliseen työhön ja vuoropuheluun. Sen on laatinut suomalainen tutkimusyhteisö ja sitä koordinoi Avoimen tieteen ja tutkimuksen koordinaatio (Tieteellisten seurain valtuuskunta). 

Linjaus keskittyy tutkimusaineistojen, -menetelmien ja -infrastruktuurien avoimuuteen. Siinä tarkastellaan avoimuutta osana tutkimuksen laatua ja vaikuttavuutta tutkimuksen koko elinkaaren ajan sekä tilaisuutena edistää tutkimuksen maailmanlaajuista osallistavuutta. Linjauksessa käsitellään tutkimusaineistoja ja -menetelmiä itsenäisinä tutkimustuotoksina, suositellaan tutkimusprosessin avaamista mahdollisimman laajasti mahdollisimman varhaisessa vaiheessa ja esitetään, että avoimuuden rajoitusten on oltava perusteltuja. Olemassa olevia viitekehyksiä, kuten FAIR-periaatteita, voidaan käyttää tutkimusaineistojen ja erityppisten tutkimusmenetelmien avoimuuden säätelyyn. 

Linjaus kattaa kaikki korkeakoulutus- ja tutkimusalat. Tutkimusalojen monimuotoisuus luo haasteita avoimuuden soveltamiselle ja toteuttamiselle sekä hyvien käytäntöjen siirtämiselle tieteenalojen välillä. Linjauksessa korostetaan yleisiä periaatteita, jotka koskevat tutkimusresurssien vastuullista hallintaa, palveluiden saatavuutta ja tutkimuksen vastuullista arviointia. Nämä perusperiaatteet on ilmaistu erityisinä tavoitteina ja toimenpiteinä, jotka on suunnattu tutkijoille, tutkimusorganisaatioille ja tutkimusrahoittajille sekä muille toimijoille. Tieteellisten seurain valtuuskunnan Avoimen tieteen ja tutkimuksen koordinaatio seuraa linjauksen toimeenpanoa ja jatkokehitystä osana kansallista avoimen tieteen ja tutkimuksen seurantaa.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF BLENDED LEARNING ACTIVITY DURING POST COVID-19
Authors: Wulandari Ayunda .
Published: June 2023

Covid-19 played a major role in changing the education system in Indonesia. One of the changes caused by Covid-19 is the use of blended learning during the transition period after the pandemic. This study aims to investigate how students' perceptions of blended learning are enforced. As many as 6 students from the Department of English Applied Linguistics, Medan State University were involved in this study. The results of this study indicate that students show a positive attitude towards blended learning such as continuing to attend lectures that are held online or offline. In addition, students also feel happy and enthusiastic when learning online and offline. From the cognitive aspect, students show positive perceptions as long as they carry out lectures with blended learning activities. Students get a lot of new experiences in learning using a combination of face-to-face and online learning which is carried out for 16 meetings. The researcher concludes that, blended learning has an impact on behavioral aspects, emotional aspects and cognitive aspects in the English language teaching learning process. Researchers suggest further research on the effectiveness of blended learning activities.
THE STYLE OF INTROVERT AND EXTROVERT IN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY WRITING
Authors: Miransyah Indri Octa , Husein Rahmad . , Siregar Masitowarni .
Published: June 2023

Writing is highly essential in school, especially in the English Department, since they must master the fundamentals of writing. Unfortunately, writing is considered as the most challenging of the four English language abilities. Numerous researches discovered that EFL students also experienced a variety of issues with academic writing. This issue must be handled carefully since it has an impact on the teachers’ ability to teach writing in the classroom. In order to overcome these issues, students' personalities must be understood. Students' personalities have a critical effect on their capacity to write. Introvert and extrovert are two personality characteristics that contribute to individual differences. This research used descriptive research where the participants were 8 students who took academic writing class. The students were given a personality questionnaire and the result showed 4 students were introvert and 4 others are extrovert. Then the students were given an annotated bibliography test to find the type and key elements of annotated bibliography used by the students. The writer found that the students used summative annotations and combined annotations. 1 introvert student uses combined annotation and 3 introvert students use summative annotation. Whereas for extrovert students, 2 people use combined annotation and 2 other people use summative annotation. Various obstacles experienced by the students thus effecting their academic writing.
TEACHERS` PERCEPTIONS OF DIGITAL GAME-BASED VOCABULARY LEARNING
Authors: M. Sihombing Poppy Shania , Tambunan Anna Riana Suryanti
Published: June 2023

The most problem in teaching and learning English that faced by the teacher is the students` lacks of vocabulary. The problem caused by the media used in teaching and learning process that makes the students feel bored, less motivation when joining the class. So, it needs the novelty learning media especially in teaching vocabulary, such as: Digital Game-Based Vocabulary Learning (DGBVL). This study investigates how the elementary EFL teachers` perceptions of DGBVL. It is used the qualitative research method with a case study design. 3 EFL teachers who work in Ulul Ilmi elementary school in Medan were interviewed. Data collected through interviews was analyzed using the descriptive analysis method. The study's findings indicated that teachers have generally positive perceptions of DGBVL. For the appropriateness, it was very good, appropriate for use as a learning media, can create an effective, creative, innovative, and fun learning process. For the content, teachers expressed their perception that in general, the content was sufficient, although it may be simplified more and that it was transferable to students. For the assessment, teachers expressed generally positive about the assessment as it was based on implementation. Teacher revealed that the biggest problem was time constraints, some students were still unable to operate DGBVL
Parental Leave Policy in European Countries: A Comparative Approach Using Cluster Analysis
Authors: Bagirova Anna , Blednova Natalia , Neshataev Aleksandr
Published: June 2023

Currently, parental leave policy is one of the key instruments of social policy in the family sphere in many European countries. Despite the common territorial context, parental leave design may vary greatly in different European countries. In this respect, the influence of differentiative parameters of the parental leave system on the social policy results in European countries is still overlooked. Our study aims to compare parental leave policies in European countries using cluster analysis and reveal the differentiation of the results of policies related to parental leave policy in the clusters of countries. We put forward the following research questions: (1) Are groups of European countries shaped according to the characteristics of parental leave policy similar to European geographical regions? Which cluster has the largest proportion of CEE countries? (2) How different are the results of policies associated with parental leave policy in these groups of countries? As an information source, we used the International Review of Leave Policies and Research 2020, which presents data on parental leave policy in 32 European countries. As indicators for cluster analysis, we used the number of maternity, paternity, and parental leave flexibility elements. The research identified three groups of European countries varying in the number of flexibility elements in the structure of each type of leave. We concluded that leave policies in these countries are not conditioned by their geographical location but may result from their social policies. We also observed that a parental leave policy may contribute to reducing gender inequality in the country. The scientific significance of the research lies in revealing similarities and differences between parental leave policies in the context of a wide circle of European countries and in expanding existing knowledge of the public values theory in public administration.
A first detailed description of building a new nest and new data on the courtship behaviour of golden eagle
Authors: Angelov Ivaylo
Published: June 2023

The nest building and courtship behaviours of the golden eagle are poorly represented in the scientific literature. The paper reports on the first detailed description of building a new nest by a pair of golden eagles. Reciprocal pendulum flight by the pair as part of a pre-breeding courtship display is described for the first time. The “mock attack” between the members of the pair is confirmed to serve the courtship function.
Morphophysiological Responses of Oat (Avena sativa L.) Genotypes from Pakistan’s Semiarid Regions to Salt Stress
Authors: Khan Abbas , Afridi Muhammad Zahir , Zia Adil , Mihoub Adil , Saeed Muhammad Farhan , Abbas Musawer , Jamal Aftab
Published: June 2023

Soil salinity is a major constraint to modern agriculture, with around 20% of the previously irrigated area becoming salt affected. Identifying suitable salt stress-tolerant genotypes based on their agronomic and physiological traits remains a herculean challenge in forage-type Oat (Avena sativa L.) breeding. The present study was designed to investigate the response of oat crop plants against the salt (NaCl) stress in Mardan, Pakistan. The experiment was carried out in complete randomized design (CRD) with two factors trail comprising of the performance of four different genotypes of oat (NARC oat, PARC oat, Green Gold and Islamabad oat) in response to four levels of saline stress (0, 25, 50 and 75 mmol L-1 NaCl). Plant growth and physiological parameters including germination (G, %); fresh shoot weight (FSW, g); fresh root weight (FRW, g); chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total chlorophyll, and total carotenoids were analyzed for identifying salt tolerance. Germination (%) of oat genotypes was negatively affected by higher salt stress. Mean values showed that maximum germination (57.5%) was recorded for control while minimum germination (48.75%) was recorded for 25 mmol L-1 NaCl and that maximum germination (58%) was recorded for PARC oat. The root and shoot fresh weight of all genotypes declined with increasing salt stress, while NARC and Green Gold oat showed considerably higher values than the other genotypes. Although chlorophyll and carotenoids were found to be negatively affected by increasing salt concentrations, NARC and Green Gold oat genotypes performed considerably better at 75 mmol L-1 NaCl when compared to the other genotypes. Based on the mean shoot dry weight ratio ± one standard error, the four Oat genotypes were categorized as salt-tolerant (Green Gold), moderately tolerant (PARC and NARC), and salt-sensitive (Islamabad). The more salt-tolerant genotype (Green Gold) demonstrated relatively high salinity tolerance and may be useful for developing high-yielding oat hybrids in future breeding programs under salt stress conditions.
CHARACTERISATION AND POLLUTANT LOAD OF GREYWATER CONTAINING PERSONAL CARE COSMETIC PRODUCTS (PCCPS) FOR BODY CARE
Authors: Handajani Marisa , Pamio Indira Nathania , Syafila Mindriany , Arifianingsih Nur Novilina
Published: June 2023

Personal Care Cosmetic Products (PCCPs) are used on the exterior of the body, such as the skin, nails, hair, lips, external genitalia, teeth, and oral membranes. Greywater from a bathing activity is a significant contributor to domestic wastewater quantity. The greywater contains residual substances from the rinsing process of body care products. Aim: This study will focus on the characteristic and the specific pollutant load of greywater generated from the usage of shower gel. Methodology and Results: The characterization and specific pollutant loads are conducted based on artificial greywater which is made from three brands of shower gel which is diluted in tap water. The greywater from body cleaning activities has a pH value in the range of 7.26-7.33; total phosphate in the range of 1.71-3.09 mg/L; the value of NTK total Kjedahl nitrogen in the range of 2.45-4.03 mg/L; total COD in the range of 380.97-506.16 mg/L; dissolved COD values in the range of 310.92-393.68 mg/L; TSS value in the range of 62-229.50 mg/L; and TDS values in the range of 283-376.67 mg/L. The specific pollutant load generated from shower gel usage in greywater are 0.012 g TP/person/day; 0.016 g TKN/person/day; 2.14 g Total COD/person/day; 1.59 g dissolved COD/person/day; 0.94 g/person/day for TSS; and 1.48 g/person/day for TDS. Conclusion, significance, and impact study: The Greywater from shower gel usage contains physical and chemical constituents that can promote environmental deterioration. The finding of this research will provide useful information for domestic wastewater management and system design, especially for urban areas in Indonesia.
POTENTIAL OF BLACK SOLDIER FLY (BSF) IN REDUCING MUNICIPAL FOOD LOSS AND WASTE (FLW) AT TAMAN SARI DISTRICT, WEST JAKARTA
Authors: Oemar Tasya , Purwaningrum Pramiati , Ruhiyat Ratnaningsih , Ashardiono Fitrio
Published: June 2023

Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae are known to have the ability to process food loss and waste and reduce the weight of food loss and waste, by producing decomposition products that have beneficial values. Food loss and waste needs to be reduced to reduce the burden of waste entering the Final Disposal (TPA). Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of BSF larvae and to determine the quality of the decomposition results in processing food loss and waste in the Taman Sari District on a laboratory scale. Methodology and Results: Taman Sari Distrisct is a high dense populated area Total days of bioconversion activity is 12 days, giving back 1,000 grams of municipal waste organic, containing food loss and food waste, according to variation is given repeatedly on the 1st, 5th, and 8th days for each 12 sample code. The amount of 5 days old (5-DOL) maggot used for each sample code is 30 grams. Conclusion, significance, and impact study: The percentage reduction in processing from 3 kg of food loss and waste can reach 86% with the average residue produced in the form of 415.67 grams of solid compost and 221.7 grams of prepupa. Bred prepupa will evolve into several stages: pupa, fly, egg, baby larvae, and 5-DOL for 57 days on its life cycle.
USE OF ANOVA STATISTICAL METHOD IN EVALUATION OF TOFU WASTEWATER USED FOR SPIRULINA CULTURE MEDIUM ENRICHED WITH UREA AND NaHCO3
Authors: Maulani Mustamina , Jasmine Gabriella , Nugraheni Rosmalia Dita , Djumantara Maman , Nugrahanti Asri , Satiyawira Bayu , Rosyidan Cahaya , Samura Lisa , Widiyatni Harin , Pauhesti Pauhesti
Published: June 2023

Indonesia has a large amount of liquid waste originating from the tofu industry. Currently, the treatment of tofu industrial wastewater is carried out using both anaerobic and aerobic methods, but both methods still have several weaknesses. In this study, the tofu industrial wastewater was utilized as a culture medium for Spirulina sp. to provide economic value from wastewater that can be used as bioethanol, pharmaceuticals, and food products rich in omega 3, chlorophyll, carotenoids. Aim: The growth of Spirulina sp. is closely related to the availability of macro and micronutrients as nutrients and the influence of environmental conditions, so this study was aimed to see the best variation of the addition of urea and NaHCO3 as additional nutrients to maximize growth and cell density of Spirulina sp. with tofu industrial wastewater media. Methodology and Results: This study was done by culvitating Spirulina sp in the growth media, measuring the Optical Density (OD), and analyzing quantitatively and using ANOVA on IBM SPSS Statistics version 20. The study indicated that adding urea and NaHCO3 to Spirulina sp. had no effect on cell density and growth rate. Treatment with addition of urea 0.36 g/500 ml without additional of NaHCO3 had the highest growth rate, 0.00852/day, and the highest cell density value on Spirulina sp. growth. Conclusion, significance, and impact study: The tofu liquid waste can be used as a new alternative used as fertilizer because in the liquid tofu waste, it provides the nutrients needed by Spirulina sp.
The Primordial Event & The Eternal Present
Authors:   , Anderson Rowan
Published: June 2023

The appeal to and use of events in philosophical theorising, implicitly or explicitly, is utterly ubiquitous. However, relatively little attention has been given to events themselves, compared to other entities, like objects. This is unfortunate because events are as problematic, if not more so. This thesis has two aims. The first is a ‘negative’ aim. I argue that the two most natural construal of events, that they are entities that occur at some time or over some interval of time, are untenable posits in our ontology and that we should deny that they exist (except for one). This is because they run into problems to do with either Zeno’s paradoxes, the perception of change, or ineliminable arbitrariness in their individuation. The second is a positive aim. I argue that, in light of the negative conclusions reached, we are forced into certain views not only about events, but time as a whole. Namely, I argue that a view I call event monism is true. This is the view that there is single event constitutive of the entire duration of the history of the universe. I defend this view from objections and show that it has far-reaching consequences both for how we conceive of the entities that exist and our role as inquirers into the structure of this event.
Reconsidering Richmond
Authors:   , Mangin Hannah
Published: June 2023

The housing crisis is not a new concept in New Zealand. Rising land and construction prices have contributed to unaffordable housing. As the demand for housing has increased in line with population growth, we are faced with no more developable land in the town centres. This has led Kiwis to the outskirts of the town in search of a slice of the quarter-acre dream lifestyle. Developments are occurring in these areas to keep up with the demand, contributing to the urban sprawl.

This has led to:• Developers looking for cheaper land to subdivide, this is typically productive arable land.

• New developments are placing a large strain on the old infrastructure networks (roads, public transport, amenities).

• The lack of density has dissipated the energy and life out of the town centre.

Richmond is just one example where urban sprawl has been prevalent over the last 10-15 years. Urban sprawl has developed larger suburban areas further away from the town centre. This has caused residents to rely on car transport to get to local suburban shops and Nelson’s town centre, creating a dormitory suburb.

In Aotearoa high-density living is traditionally perceived as an unattractive way of living with little to no outdoor space or sense of home/personality within the apartment layout, or materiality selection.

This research implements a research through design approach to investigate how dense housing and public amenities can regenerate the suburban public realm. Quality high-density living has the potential to create a high-quality living environment that provides an engaging solution to the current New Zealand high-density housing model.
TRENS SUPERCONDUTORES, SUA OPERABILIDADE POR BLOCKCHAIN, COMO ALTERNATIVA PARA UM TRANSPORTE DE MASSA EFICIENTE
Authors: Vazquez Fabio José Buchedid
Published: June 2023

Pré-projeto apresentado à UNIVERSIDADE ANHEMBI-MORUMBI como exigência do curso de graduação em Engenharia da Computação, para obtenção do grau de bacharel.

Quem disse que o Planeta Terra, não seria uma grande Nau autossustentável; o cume tecnológico da natureza, ainda que em franca evolução rumo ao espaço infinito, e ao infinito de possibilidades? O espaço sideral, com sua energia negra, seria o Supercondutor perfeito para deslizar essa grande massa terrena em meio de rígida lei da física, aplicada ao magnetismo? Nessas conjecturas, notamos o poder desse elemento essencial para harmônico equilíbrio da dinâmica mecânica, do meio material ao qual estamos imersos. Entendendo o mecanismo do macrocosmo, poderemos ampliar os estudos de nosso campo científico, para romper barreiras de velocidade, aplicadas ao microcosmo Supercondutor para operabilidade controlada.

Para pleno domínio científico do Transporte, afinal parafraseando um “slogan” de propaganda da Empresa Pirelli®: “potência não é nada sem controle”, é essencial fazer-se uso de transações seguras, sendo que o controle do futuro de Sistemas Ferroviários, será baseado em Blockchain; principalmente no Brasil, atendendo a um potencial quesito de transporte de massa envolvendo Trens com tecnologia supercondutora.

Neste projeto científico, estaremos analisando as possibilidades teóricas, e em seguida operacionais, para compartilhar informações de infraestrutura, em uma rede ferroviária hipotética, aonde cada participante teria acesso à todas as informações do livro-razão (ledger), permeando o universo Blockchain com a ajuda da Internet das Coisas (IoT), para superarmos limitadores de conhecimento e avançarmos para um novo patamar técnico, elevando o potencial do Brasil para uma posição liderança, no desenvolvimento de Trens Supercondutores, dominando desde sua finalidade: envolvendo matéria-prima, concepção e construção, até sua operabilidade: pertinente a controle, segurança e experiência do usuário.