bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Awareness about Acts and Amendments in Bills Related to Sexual Offences amongst Medical Students and Interns In A Private Medical College and Hospital at Chennai
Authors: Sushanth Satish  , P Shruthi
Published: April 2021

Women and Children constitute one of the vulnerable sections of our society. Proactive scheduling andstipulation of services to them is an asset for the future of our country. Their care and protection has emergedas a precedence for the Government .The objective of the study was to assess and analyze the awarenessabout the amendments in acts and introduction of new bills related to sexual offences amongst Medicalstudents and Interns in teaching medical colleges,hospitals at Chennai. 300 participants took part in thiscross sectional study which revealed that almost one fifth of them (20%) felt that only children below 16years came under the POCSO Act 2012. Nearly 55% of the participants were unaware of the exact featuresof the POCSO Act 2012. Only one fourth were aware that as per the new amendment in the proposed MTPbill regarding requirement of only a single RMP’s opinion for termination of pregnancy up to 20 weeks,while 56% of the participants were unaware of the minimum punishment for the rape of a girl under 16years.The study result implies the need to have more educational sessions for the students regarding the amendmentsin the acts.
A Study on the Histopathological Changes in Cases of Pesticide Poisoning and Proposed Diagnostic Algorithm
Authors: Swapan K. Adhikari  , Soumeek Chowdhuri  , Parthapratim Mukhopadhyay
Published: April 2021

Pesticide poisoning in developing world is a global public health problem. Incidences of poisoning areincreasing with socio-economic hurdles. Often reporting and chemical examination of samples collectedfrom viscera are difficult to precisely diagnose cases and therefore extensive studies on histopathologicalcorroborations of vital organs such as stomach, liver and kidney is necessary along with socio-demographicdata. The common autopsy findings were cyanosis in the lips, in the fingertips and nose. Histologicalfindings in stomach revealed congestion, erosion of muscularis mucosa, submucosal petechial haemorrhagesand necrosis. Liver shows congestion, sinusoidal dilution, degeneration of hepatocytes and haemorrhages.Kidney shows tubular necrosis and glomerular congestion. However, history of poisoning along withautopsy and histological findings are considered as strong evidence for acute organophosphorous poisoning
Impact of a Mental Health Gap (mhGAP) Module on Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) and Caregiver Burden in a South Indian Community
Authors: Thasleem SK  , Sharma R  , Shaji KS
Published: April 2021

Background: Non pharmacological interventions are the first line treatment recommended for behavioraland psychological symptoms of dementia and mental health gap module is a non-pharmacologicalinterventions based program developed by Word Health Organization for dementia patients especially inlow and middle income countries. This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of mental health gapmodule on Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia and caregiver burden in a south Indian ruralcommunity.Methods: A quasi experimental one group pretest posttest time series design study was conducted among61 elderly with dementia in a south Indian rural community who were selected using purposive sampling.Pre interventional assessment was done with Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire and Zarit BurdenInterview. A multifaceted mental health gap intervention was delivered to the patients through monthly homevisit by community health workers for one year and impact on behavioral and psychological symptoms andcaregiver burden was tested at six weeks, three months and 12 months.Conclusion : There was a significant improvement in behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementiaand caregiver burden during study period. This study proved that behavioral and psychological symptomsof dementia and caregiver burden can be managed though home based non pharmacological interventionsusing community health workers which is a beneficial and cost effective model for low and middle incomecountries.
The Dessert Dimension: Genes related to Sweet Taste Receptors, Sweet Taste Preferences, its Association with Alcohol Consumption and dental Caries Incidence – A Literature Synthesis and scoping Review
Authors: Vaibhav Kumar  , Heer Shah  , Romi Jain  , Swarali Atre  , Mahendra Gaikwad
Published: April 2021

Sweet taste is considered to be the most desirable taste category. With recent advances and gene mappingtechniques, the genes associated with sweet taste were identified, namely, TAS1R family and the Saclocus. In this review, we have tried to summarise the association of sweet taste and genetics, involving thestudies related to sweet taste receptors, sweet taste preferences and how sweet taste preference can becomea potential phenotype that influences alcohol intake and dental caries. The PubMed and Google Scholardatabases were searched for articles using keywords ‘sweet taste’, ‘genes’, ‘sweet taste preferences’, ‘sweettaste and alcohol’, ‘dental caries’, etc. The process also involved hand searching using references.
Assessment of Awareness and outlook of a Pathological Autopsy among Medical Students
Authors: Varsha Pande  , Bharat Umakant Patil  , Raju Wamanrao Gore  , Swapnil Patond
Published: April 2021

Aim: This study assesses the awareness, outlook & knowledge toward Pathological autopsy amongstmedical students at tertiary care teaching center.Objectives: To assess medical student’s opinions, feelings and attitude towards autopsy and its importancein medical education.Material and Method: We conducted a study of 300 students studying 3rd and 5th semesters where theytaught about the subject. We used questionnaire containing questions relating to autopsy to assess theawareness, outlook & knowledge towardPathological Autopsy.Results: Amongst the class of 300 students no statistically difference is observed in the views of male andfemale students on any item in the present study.Conclusion: The Forensic Medicine is important subject for medical profession. Teaching how to perform anautopsy is relevant and plays a positive role in medical education, and autopsy training from both theoreticaland practical perspectives must be included in the forensic medicine curriculum. Medical institutes musttake responsibility to increase awareness about the effect of media on medical education.
Pharmacology and Toxicology Teaching Patterns for Undergraduate Students in Pharmacy and Medical College at Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabi: A Survey
Authors: Yosra AL-Hindi1
Published: April 2021

Background: Pharmacology and toxicology is the field of biomedical sciences that cares with the study ofmedication and the drug action, where a drug can be defined as any chemical substance, that, when taken bya living organism, produces a therapeutic effect and promote well-being.Objective : The Aim of this study was to assess the students’ attitudes toward, perceptions of and feedbacksurrounding pharmacology and toxicology teaching methods.Method : This was a cross-sectional study involved a survey given to 3rd years and 4th years pharmacy(Pharm D + B Pharm) students and medical students with a total number of (108) participants. The studywas administered through a pre-validated questionnaire containing questions based on the internationallyaccepted “Likert Scale”.Results : The study showed that students favored many changes in pharmacology and toxicology, includingthe trend of teaching them to third year and fourth year students (48%), instruction on how to choose drugsrationally in future practice (48%), distribution of handouts before lectures (43%), clinical pharmacology(49%), teaching certain topics during pre-final or final year (35%), and a combination of multiple choicequestions (MCQs) and written and oral rating evaluation methods for examination (40%). Students were infavour of that pharmacology should be integrated horizontally with other paraclinical subjects and emphasison problem solving exercises rather than on didactic (teaching) lectures.Conclusion : It is evident that there is an imperative need to implement radical changes in the teaching ofpharmacology and toxicology, changes that would allow the pharmacist and/or doctor of tomorrow to renderbetter health services.
A Study to Analyze the willingness of Smokers to Quit Smoking Following Dentist’s Advice
Authors: Vishwas Mishra  , Shitanshu Malhotra  , Madhusudan Krishna  , Manu Narayan
Published: April 2021

Aim: To analyze the patient’s perceptions about the role of dentists in smoking prevention, counseling andcessation and to analyze the willingness of smokers to quit smoking following dentist’s advice.Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was conducted among dental patients visiting Dental Collegeand Hospital in the month of November 2019 using a self administered questionnaire. Convenient samplingwas done. Among five hundred patients who participated in the study, 486 completed it with a response rateof 97.2%. The descriptive statistics and chi square analysis was performed to analyze data.Results: The patients had good knowledge about the effects of smoking on general and oral health. Howeverits effect on hair loss, ageing and wound healing can be reinforced. Non smokers had significantly higher(p<0.05) knowledge about the effects of smoking on ageing, bad breath, gum diseases and oral cancercompared to smokers. Patients had positive perception about the role of dentist in smoking cessationactivities. Smokers exhibited willingness to quit if suggested by the dentist.Conclusion: Patients perceive that dentists can play an important part in smoking cessation activities. Hencedentists should not hesitate to give smoking advice to their patients and grasp this opportunity to improve thegeneral and oral health of the community.
Isolation of Bacteria and Detection of Cephalosporin Antibiotics Effects among Patients with UTI in al-hilla City
Authors: Rawaa M. Mohammed  , Asma’a HM
Published: April 2021

90 urine samples were collected randomly from patients whose visit the Urology department in MurjanMedical City in Al-Hilla in period between April to July 2020 , the patients included 35 males and 55females and in age between 17-77 years old. The urine samples divided into two parts , the first part using forgeneral urine examination and the second part using for culture and sensitivity . The results of current studyappeared to 35 (39%) males among total patients infected with UTI while 55(61%) females among totalpatients infected with UTI . In field of effects of age on infection the current results appeared in females theinfection of urinary tract increase in young age group (17-27 years) in percentage (33%) in comparison withother age groups (20 %) in (27-37 years) , (16%) in (37-47 years) , (14%) in ( 47-57 years) , (10%) in (57-67years) and (7%) in (67-77 years) and in males the results appeared increase the UTI with age , (67-77 years)in percentage (32%) in comparison with other age groups, (3%) in (17-27 years) , (9%) in (27-37 years), (11%) in (37-47 years) , (20%) in ( 47-57 years) , (25%) in (57-67 years) . the results of API20 test thatusing for identification of types of bacteria which cause UTI appeared to 34 isolates of E.coli , 15 isolates ofEnterobacter spp. , 18 isolates of Klebsiella spp. , 11 isolates of Pseudomonas spp. , 13 isolates of S.aureusand 4 isolates of Acinetobacter spp. bacteria .In field of antibiotic sensitivity the results appeared the effectsof third and fourth generations of cephalosporin more than other generations .
Iraqi Dentist Response to the Covid-19 Spreading
Authors: Marwah M. Adnan  , Bassam Alsheekhly  , Rehab Adil
Published: April 2021

Introduction: These new generations of virus “COVID -19” now are not the chines nightmare only howeversoon as speedy as feasible spread all over the world and grew to be the most existence threating healthdisorder in the world.Aim: This descriptive research aim to measure the commitment of Iraqi dentists to the Iraqi dental associationrecommendations at the time of lockdowns during the corona virus infection.Result: In this study the Iraqi dentists who had participated in it were 169 from all over the country, thisdescriptive research shows great response of the Iraqi dentists to control infection and reduce the spread of“COVID-19”.Discussion: “COVID -19” is a pandemic disease lead to large changes all over the world, actually dentistrywere one of the careers affected by this disease, the dentist during the daily work with dental slow speedhandpiece or high speed turbine produce droplets and aerosols which probably are contaminated with thevirus “COVID -19”.Conclusion: This study had been showed that the Iraqi dentists have a great commitment toward the societyduring the period of curfew they had been attend to close their privets clinic in order to reduce the viralspread and control the infection.
Pharmacological Effects of Topical Dapsone Gel in Experimentally-Induced Thermal Injury in Rabbits
Authors: Mustafa A. Mohammed  , Mustafa A. Mohammed  , Fouad Kadhim Gatea  , Ahmed R. Abu-Raghif  , Muhammed Abdul-Gabar Hamoodi Aldabagh
Published: April 2021

Burn injuries have been a global health issue due to their multiple widely present causes and the burdenof their consequences. There have been many chemical agents used topically to accelerate the burn woundhealing process and avoid developing infections but the desirable satisfactory level has not been reached.Dapsone, a century-old antibiotic with anti-inflammatory effects has been investigated as a potential topicaltreatment for burn wounds compared with standard silver sulfadiazine.Forty-two apparently male rabbits were divided into four groups each of twelve animals except for thenegative control group which was 6 animals: intact healthy animals (HA), burn without treatment as apositive control (BWT), dapsone 5% topical and silver sulfadiazine cream 1%, the latter three group’ animalswere treated twice daily for 24 days.Burn wound contraction, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha TNF-a in skin tissue homogenates andhistopathological changes were assessed at days 8,16, and 24 in addition to in-vitro antimicrobial sensitivitytest.Dapsone has shown a comparable antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria to SSD while showingpoorer activity against gram negative bacteria.Dapsone has also shown an earlier and more significant burn size contraction compared to SSD since day8and until the end of the study and significantly lower levels of TNF-a compared to SSD while showing lowerinflammatory and higher granulation, re-epithelization and fibrosis compared to SSD in histopathologicalexamination.Our study demonstrates that dapsone is a promising candidate as a topical burn treatment due to itsantibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing properties.
Building the Causal Attribution Scale of Winning and Losing for Basketball Coaches
Authors: Hawraa Mohammed Ali Hassan  , Aya Muayad Sadoon
Published: April 2021

Sports psychology is concerned with studying human behavior as a living being that seeks to adapt to thestimulation and the sports coach is one of the samples to which this applies, as he has to follow a certainbehavior to deal with his players, which requires him to form his own philosophy and this philosophyappears clearly through his training profession As the work in training aims to gain more respect and selfesteem and good social status.All of this appears through the sporting competition that ends either with winning or losing, and here comesto the coach’s mind the evaluation of many justifications and the reasons behind the gain or loss, includingpersonal and external or administrative reasons, and here the issue of causal attribution emerges, and thereis no study that has identified this topic and for this This study aimed to build a measure of the causalattribution of victory and loss for basketball coaches.
The Effectiveness of the Form Model For the Two Hemispheres of the Brain in the Technical Performance of Some Female Badminton Skills
Authors: Akeel Yousef Nasser  , Mazen Kadhim Nassif  , Wissam Salah Abdul Hussein
Published: April 2021

Through the presence of researchers in the field of teaching and training for most activities of racket gamesin general, and playing badminton in a special way in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences- University of Kerbala, they found that most female students in the second stage suffer from difficultyin performing badminton skills, knowing that it is one of the subjects taught at this stage, and throughextensive study and investigation about finding solutions to this problem, the researchers decided to relyon the application of a teaching model aimed at investing the energies of the brain and dealing with thetendencies and desires of the learner, a research that the educational curriculum addresses all learners, this iswhat motivated the researchers to prepare a new educational curriculum with all its contents according to thecharacteristics of the two hemispheres of the brain using the format model to learn some basic skills for thefemale students in badminton, and the objective of the research is to prepare an educational curriculum usingthe (4MAT) model according to the two hemispheres of the brain to learn some skills of the badminton,and to identify the effectiveness of the educational curriculum by using the (4MAT) model according to thetwo hemispheres of the brain in learning some badminton skills for female students. The researchers usedthe experimental approach by designing (one group with pre and post- test) in order to suit the nature ofthe problem and achieve the research objectives. The most important conclusions were that the educationalcurriculum, using the (4MAT) model according to the two hemispheres of the brain, contributed to learningsome basic skills for female students with badminton. The most important recommendations are the necessityof adopting educational curricula according to the (4MAT) model in learning basic skills with badminton.
Coronavirus (Covid_19) and its Relationship to the Activation of the Healthy Preventive Programs and Health Counseling Social, Theoretical and Analytical Study: in Medical Sociology
Authors: Saleh Rahman Abid
Published: April 2021

Although the deterioration in the health situation inherited from the outbreak of the Coronavirus (Covid_19)in general, the health, social and economic conditions, malnutrition, lack of cleanliness , lack of healthprotection and health resources, particularly with regard to public health and disease, the importance ofhealth prevention and health counseling health advice has received a lot of attention by some to care forand protect people. Against the risks of spreading chronic epidemics as well as general communicable ornon-communicable infectious diseases or potential physical, biological, organic, mental, psychological andother diseases, The Corona virus (Covid_19) is one of the most important coronary viruses, and it is a virusthat was first discovered in (1960 AD), and this virus appeared on (December 31, 2019 AD) also in WuhanProvince in Hubei, central China. Due to the development of the virus and its spread in many developedand developing countries. The World Health Organization declared its international importance as a publichealth crisis, as the country worked to stop all domestic and foreign flights to control the outbreak.
Retrograde Intra-Renal Surgery Versus Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Management of Renal Stone 10-20 Millimeters, A Comparative Clinical Study
Authors: Ali Abdul Baqi Isamel  , Firas Abdullah Noori Al-Baghdadi  , Riyadh Adel Jaed AbdulAzez  , Muntadar Easa Mahdi
Published: April 2021

Purpose: comparison the efficacy and safety of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) in treatment of renal stones. Patients and Methods: Records of patients who underwentsurgery for renal stone were retrospectively reviewed, for two years from the beginning of 2017 till the endof 2019. Patients who had renal stones between 10 - 20 Millimeter and located in different renal caliceswere included, patients who underwent percutaneous nephron-lithotomy PNL and retrograde intra-renalsurgery RIRS were defined as Group I and Group II, respectively. Patient criteria (age, sex, BMI); the stonecharacteristics; time of procedure, fluoroscopy and hospitalization; stone-free and complications (bleeding,pain, infection, visceral injury, conversion to open surgery, and need for blood transfusion) were evaluatedbetween the treatment groups. Result: There were no significant differences in terms of age, gender, BMI,laterality, number of stones, Hounsfield units and surface area characteristics of the stone between the PNL(n 25) and RIRS (n = 35) groups (P = .558, P = .278, P = .375, P = 0.051, P = .053, P = .064, P = .642, P =.080, respectively). Stone free rate was 59.6% (n=28) in PNL, and 88.6% (n=31) in RIRS (P=.004). 1st or2nd degree complications according to Modified Clavien Classification developed in 10 patients (21.3%) inGroup I and 1 patient (2.9%) in Group II (P = .015). The 3A or 3B complications were similar in groups (P= .077). Time of procedure, fluoroscopy and hospitalization were significantly lower in Group II (P < .001,P < .001 and P < .001, respectively). Conclusion: RIRS is more effective and more reliable procedure thanPNL with higher stone-free and lower complication rates in treatment of single renal stone (10 t0 20 mm).
A unified account of inquisitive and assertive rising declaratives
Authors: Goodhue Daniel
Published: April 2021

Previous work on rising declaratives has argued that some have an inquisitive interpretation similar to polar questions, and that this meaning is intonationally distinguished by a steep final rise to a high boundary tone, while others have an assertive interpretation, similar to assertions of falling declaratives, that has a shallower final rise to a lower, high boundary tone. I demonstrate that this strict form-meaning correlation does not hold because there are inquisitive rising declaratives that have a shallow final rise. I argue for a unified theory of rising declaratives with enough interpretational flexibility to explain these crosscutting patterns.
Tevhid-i Efkâr Gazetesi Başyazarı Ebuzziya’yı Şark İstiklâl Mahkemesine Götüren Süreç
Authors: Ersal Aytekin
Published: April 2021

Ebuzziya, Cumhuriyet Halk Fırkası - Terakkiperver Cumhuriyet Fırkası ayrışmasının yaşandığı dönemde, Tevhid-i Efkâr gazetesinin sahibi ve başyazarıdır. Muhafazakâr bir aydın olarak, iktidar karşısında muhalefeti desteklemiştir. Radikal inkılâplara karşı bir denge arayışında olmuştur. Cumhuriyet ve Hâkimiyet-i Milliye kavramlarını muhafazakârlığın önünü açacak bir araç olarak görmüştür. Bu kavramlar etrafında laik, müfrit inkılâpçı, liberal olarak tanımladığı kesimlerle tartışmıştır. Ne muhalifl erini tanımlarken, ne de kendi konumunu meşrulaştırmaya çalışırken sığ bir polemikçi üslubunu aşamamıştır. 4 Mart 1925'te çıkarılan Takriri Sükûn Kanunu ardından Şark İstiklal Mahkemesine gönderilmiştir. Uzun yıllar yazı hayatına dönememiştir. Muhafazakâr bir aydın olarak teolojik, felsefi , tarihi arka planı olan kavramları güncelliğin ötesine taşıyamamasının, otoriter iktidar döneminde suskun kalmasında payı olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Erzincan’da Osmanlı Dönemi Hamamları
Authors: Naldan Funda
Published: April 2021

Türk kültüründe önemli bir yere sahip olan hamamlar, mimarisi ve işlevleri bakımından sanat tarihi ve mimarlık çalışmalarında önemli bir yer teşkil eder. Erzincan'da günümüze kadar gelen dört hamam yapısı Osmanlı dönemi 16. - 19. yy. eserleridir. Arşiv kaynaklarına göre günümüze gelemeyen iki hamam yapısı daha mevcuttur. Klasik Türk hamam mimarisinin özeliklerini yansıtan hamamlar soğukluk, ılıklık, sıcaklık, su deposu ve külhan bölümlerinden oluşmaktadır. Hamamlardan üçü tek, biri çifte hamam olarak düzenlenmiştir. Soğukluk bölümü, İzzet Paşa, Nafız Paşa ve Taşçı hamamlarında ahşap kirişlemeli tavan, Çadırcı hamamında kubbe ile örtülü, ılıklık bölümü Çadırcı'da kubbe ve tonoz, İzzet Paşa ve Taşçı hamamlarında kubbe,Nafız Paşa'da tonoz, sıcaklık bölümü ise hepsinde dört eyvan ve dört halvet hücreli plan tipinde olup kubbe ile örtülüdür. Moloz taş ile inşa edilen hamamlarının üst örtülerinde tuğla malzeme kullanılmıştır.
Osmanlı Devleti’nde Azerbaycanlı Bir Âlim: Molla Şemseddin Ahmed Karabaği
Authors: Dedeyev Bilal , Küçükdağ Yusuf
Published: April 2021

Azerbaycan sahası ile Osmanlı Devleti arasında sosyo kültürel ilişkilerin 16. yüzyılda ortaya çıkmasında çok sayıda Karabağlı ilim adamının etkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Osmanlı Devleti'nde müderrislik, kadılık ve kazaskerlik gibi üst düzey görevlerde bulunmuş bu alimlerden biri de Karabağlı Molla Şemseddin Ahmed Ensari'dir. Karabağ'ın Dizak bölgesine yerleşmiş olan ashaptan Cabir b. Abdullah elEnsari'nin soyundan gelen Molla Şemseddin Ahmed, ilk eğtimini Azarbaycan'nın Gence şehrinde aldıktan sonra 1562'de İstanbul'a gelmiş; burada Süleymaniye Medresesi'ni bitirmiştir. 1570'ten itibaren müderris olarak değişik medreselerde görev almış ve 1581'den sonra kadılık yapmaya başlamıştır. Kadılığı sırasındaki başarıları ona kazaskerlik yolunu açmış; sırasıyla 1584'te Anadolu Kazaskeri, 1592'de ise Rumeli Kazaskeri olmuştur. Molla Şemseddin Ahmed, çok yönlü bir kişi olup şehnameci Seyyid Lokman Urmevi'ye verdiği destek ile Osmanlı şehnameciliğinin gelişmesine önemli katkı sağlamıştır. Bu arada divan şiiri yazmak isteyenlere de hocalık yapmış, Osmanlı divan şairlerinden Mani ve Edai Recep Efendi'nin şair olarak yetişmelerinde yardımcı olmuştur. Kendisi tefsir dalında da üstat olup Kur'an'ın değişik surelerini risaleler halinde tefsir etmiştir. Molla Şemseddin Ahmed Karabaği'nin Osmanlı Devleti'nde bulunduğu dönemde Azerbaycan'dan Osmanlı ülkesine göç edenlerin sadece kendileri değil aynı zamanda aileleri de bu ilişkilerin kurulmasında mühim rol oynamışlardır. Nitekim Molla Şemseddin Ahmed'in oğlu Nuh Efendi, ilmiye sınıfına intisap ederek babası gibi önce müderrislik, sonra kadılık yapmış; arkasından Anadolu ve Rumeli kazaskerliklerinde bulunmuştur.
Old Assyrian Metal Trade, its Volume and Interactions
Authors: Erol Hakan
Published: April 2021

The subject of this study consists of some consequences of a research project which was supported by The Scientifi c and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK). In the scope of this project, all metals that attested in Kultepe texts have been evaluated. The main target of this research is to fi nd answers to some questions related to the metals and metal trade, which are recorded in a wide range of Kultepe texts. The attestations of gold, silver, tin, iron, copper, lead, antimony and bronze alloy have been searched in a database which includes more than 12 thousand Kultepe texts most of which are unpublished. Each of the information related to these metals, such as their volumes, origins, fi nal destinations, kinds, qualities, and prices against mostly silver has been gathered and evaluated. For example, the following results about the gold have been gained by the research in Kultepe text: The total weight of gold in all available texts is about 480 kg. Out of this sum, only about 92 kg of gold was shipped from Anatolia to Assur. Assyrian traders gained the gold mainly from the Anatolian cities of Wahšušana, Purušhattum and Šalatuwar respectively. The price of gold against silver ranges from 1:3 1/3 to 1:15. The most precious kind of gold attested in the texts is liqtum and the cheapest one is HU.SÁ (red) gold. On the other hand, the most demanded or common kinds of gold were pašallum and kupuršinnum.
Effect of CCL11 on In Vitro Myogenesis and Its Clinical Relevance for Sarcopenia in Older Adults
Authors: Kim Da Ae , Park So Jeong , Lee Jin Young , Kim Jeoung Hee , Lee Seungjoo , Lee Eunju , Jang Il-Young , Jung Hee-Won , Park Jin Hoon , Kim Beom-Jun
Published: April 2021

Background: The C-C motif chemokine ligand 11 (CCL11) has been receiving attention as a potential pro-aging factor. Accordingly, it may be involved in muscle metabolism and sarcopenia, a key component of aging phenotypes. To clarify this potential, we investigated the effects of CCL11 on in vitro muscle biology and its clinical relevance for sarcopenia parameters in older adults.Methods: Myogenesis was induced in mouse C2C12 myoblasts with 2% horse serum. Human blood samples were collected from 79 participants who underwent a functional assessment. Thereafter, CCL11 level was measured using a quantikine ELISA kit. Sarcopenia was defined using the Asian-specific guideline.Results: Recombinant CCL11 treatment significantly stimulated myogenesis in a dose-dependent manner, and consistently increased the expression of myogenic differentiation markers. Among the C-C chemokine receptors (CCRs), CCR5, not CCR2 and CCR3, was predominantly expressed in muscle cells. Further, the CCR5 inhibitor blocked recombinant CCL11-stimulated myogenesis. In a clinical study, serum CCL11 level was not significantly different according to the status of sarcopenia, low muscle mass, weak muscle strength, and poor physical performance, and was not associated with skeletal muscle index, grip strength, short physical performance battery score, gait speed, and time to complete 5 chair stands, after adjusting for sex, age, and body mass index.Conclusion: Contrary to expectations, CCL11 exerted beneficial effects on muscle metabolism at least in vitro system. However, its impact on human muscle health was not evident, suggesting that circulating CCL11 may not be a useful biomarker for sarcopenia risk assessment in older adults.
Viktimológia, közösségi és szituációs bűnmegelőzés
Authors: Irk Ferenc
Published: April 2021

The author provides an overview of the various forms of crime prevention, and the way how they are related.
A megelőző pártfogó felügyelet
Authors: Buza Gábor Attila
Published: April 2021

The author provides an overview of a recently introduced community sanction, the so called „preventive probation” in Hungary.
Reconstructing 3D Magnetic Topology of On-disk Prominence Bubbles from Stereoscopic Observations
Authors: Guo Yilin , Hou Yijun , Li Ting , Zhang Jun
Published: April 2021

Bubbles, the semi-circular voids below quiescent prominences (filaments), have been extensively investigated in the past decade. However, to this point the magnetic nature of bubbles has been unverifiable due to the lack of on-disk photospheric magnetic field observations. Here for the first time, we find and investigate an on-disk prominence bubble around a filament barb on 2019 March 18 based on stereoscopic observations from the New Vacuum Solar Telescope (NVST), Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), and Spacecraft-A of the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO-A). In high-resolution NVST Hα images, this bubble has a sharp arch-like boundary and a projected width of ∼26 Mm. Combining SDO and STEREO-A images, we further reconstruct 3D structure of the bubble boundary, whose maximum height is ∼15.6 Mm. The squashing factor Q map deduced from extrapolated 3D magnetic fields around the bubble depicts a distinct arch-shaped interface with a height of ∼11 Mm, which agrees well with the reconstructed 3D structure of the observed bubble boundary. Under the interface lies a set of magnetic loops, which is rooted on a surrounding photospheric magnetic patch. To be more persuasive, another on-disk bubble on 2019 June 10 is presented as a supplement. According to these results obtained from on-disk bubble observations, we suggest that the bubble boundary corresponds to the interface between the prominence dips (barb) and the underlying magnetic loops rooted nearby. Therefore, it is reasonable to speculate that the bubble can form around a filament barb below which there is a photospheric magnetic patch.
Subproton-scale Intermittency in Near-Sun Solar Wind Turbulence Observed by the Parker Solar Probe
Authors: Chhiber Rohit , Matthaeus William H. , Bowen Trevor A. , Bale Stuart D.
Published: April 2021

High time-resolution solar wind magnetic field data are employed to study statistics describing intermittency near the first perihelion (∼35.6 R
⊙) of the Parker Solar Probe mission. A merged data set employing two instruments on the FIELDS suite enables broadband estimation of higher-order moments of magnetic field increments, with five orders established with reliable accuracy. The duration, cadence, and low noise level of the data permit evaluation of scale dependence of the observed intermittency from the inertial range to deep subproton scales. The results support multifractal scaling in the inertial range, and monofractal but non-Gaussian scaling in the subproton range, thus clarifying suggestions based on data near Earth that had remained ambiguous due to possible interference of the terrestrial foreshock. The physics of the transition to monofractality remains unclear but we suggest that it is due to a scale-invariant population of current sheets between ion and electron inertial scales; the previous suggestion of incoherent kinetic-scale wave activity is disfavored as it presumably leads re-Gaussianization that is not observed.
Comparative effects of metformin and glibenclamide on the redox balance in type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Almulathanon Ammar A.Y. , Mohammad Jehan A. , Fathi Fatimah Haitham
Published: April 2021

It is known that there is a strong association between oxidative stress and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although the role of glibenclamide in diabetes treatment has been evaluated, there is only limited evidence about its antioxidant effects in diabetic patients. Moreover, previous studies showed discrepant results regarding the effects of metformin on antioxidant/ oxidant parameters in type 2 diabetic patients. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of metformin versus glibenclamide on oxidative stress biomarkers, represented by serum malondialdehyde (MDA), nonenzymatic, and enzymatic antioxidants in type 2 diabetic patients. Forty-six patients with T2DM participated in this study and categorized into 3 groups, Group A included 17 newly diagnosed diabetic patients, group B included 15 diabetic patients received metformin monotherapy (1000 mg/day) for up to 1 year and group C included 14 diabetic patients received glibenclamide monotherapy (5 mg/day) for up to 1 year. Serum MDA, catalase (CAT), vitamin C, E, and reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured. We found significantly lower concentrations of MDA and significantly higher antioxidant levels (CAT, GSH, vitamin C, and E) in the metformin-treated group compared to the glibenclamide counterpart. Our data confirmed that metformin has a more beneficial effect on oxidant/antioxidant status compared to glibenclamide, therefore, provides protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced oxidative damage during diabetes.
Redescription of Emplectonema viride – a ubiquitous intertidal hoplonemertean found along the West Coast of North America
Authors: Mendes Cecili B. , Delaney Paul , Turbeville James M. , Hiebert Terra , Maslakova Svetlana
Published: April 2021

Emplectonema viride Stimpson, 1857, a barnacle predator, is one of the most common and conspicuous intertidal nemerteans found along the West Coast of North America from Alaska to California, but it is currently referred to by the wrong name. Briefly described without designation of type material or illustrations, the species was synonymized with the Atlantic look-alike, Emplectonema gracile (Johnston, 1837) by Coe. Here we present morphological and molecular evidence that E. viride is distinct from E. gracile. The two species exhibit differences in color of live specimens and egg size and are clearly differentiated with species delimitation analyses based on sequences of the partial regions of the 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I genes. In order to improve nomenclatural stability, we re-describe E. viride based on specimens from the southern coast of Oregon and discuss which species should be the type species of the genus. Emplectonema viride was one of the two species originally included in the genus Emplectonema Stimpson, 1857, but subsequent synonymization of E. viride with E. gracile resulted in acceptance of the Atlantic species, E. gracile, as the type species of the genus. We resurrect E. viride Stimpson, 1857 and following Corrêa’s designation, this should be the type species of the genus Emplectonema.
La confiance envers le commerce en ligne : étude interculturelle entre la France et la Tunisie
Authors: Rekik Hana , Damak Turki Mouna
Published: April 2021

La confiance est un facteur déterminant qui intervient lors de l’achat en ligne. Dans ce sens notre recherche a pour but d’étudier le lien entre les cinq dimensions culturelles d’Hofstede (le collectivisme, la masculinité, l’évitement de l’incertitude, la distance du pouvoir, l’orientation à long terme) et la confiance envers l’achat en ligne et ceci à travers une étude comparative menée entre deux contextes culturellement distincts, la Tunisie et la France. Pour atteindre notre objectif nous avons administré un questionnaire auprès de 400 personnes, 200 répondants de chaque pays. Les résultats ont révélé des différences et des convergences quant à l’interprétation de la confiance entre les deux échantillons.
Que peut le Discours Analytique face à la violence du Discours Capitaliste ?
Authors: Charles Christophe
Published: April 2021

Le discours capitaliste forclôt le sujet de l’inconscient et rend assourdissant l’ensemble des discours formalisés par Lacan dans les années 1970, en promouvant la jouissance aux dépens du désir. Que propose le discours analytique face à la violence d’un tel discours ?
Le trauma, de la violence à la parole
Authors: Gorog Jean-Jacques
Published: April 2021

La violence est fondée sur le viol et non l’inverse, d’où la thèse freudienne du trauma foncièrement sexuel, ou le sexe comme trauma. La question de la structure clinique devient essentielle. La psychose ne peut inscrire le trauma, tandis que chez le névrosé le trauma s’inscrit et le provoque à devenir un sujet divisé.
La violence, la scène du tourment et le psychanalyste
Authors: Coste Jean-Claude
Published: April 2021

L’article souligne l’écart entre l’acte analytique et les éthiques kantienne et sadienne, quand le dispositif transférentiel risque d’y ramener.
Les paroles imposées et la violence
Authors: Cote Armando
Published: April 2021

La psychose peut nous éclairer sur un type de violence qui est en lien avec la parole, c’est-à-dire une violence qui se sert des mots pour s’exprimer. Dans la psychose, peut se manifester une disjonction complète de la voix et de la parole : voix qui s’avère sans paroles et paroles qui s’avèrent sans voix ; cette voix pure, a-phonétique, n’a aucun des caractères ordinaires de la voix. Cette voix est une voix qui ne dit rien. Cette voix se laisse rarement attraper, sauf dans certains cas de psychose. C’est pourquoi j’ai voulu revenir sur le commentaire de Lacan sur la présentation clinique qui a eu lieu à Sainte-Anne, le 13 février 1976, il en parlera le 17 février dans une séance du séminaire, Le Sinthome .
La violence des mots chez Joyce
Authors: Pamart Éliane
Published: April 2021

Une fois de plus, la lecture que Lacan fait de Joyce viendra nous éclairer sur la position subjective des sujets qui viennent se plaindre de maltraitance ou de harcèlement. L’épisode dit de « la raclée de Joyce » et ses antécédents posent la question de la jouissance et de la clinique borroméenne.
« Humanimalité »
Authors: Sepel Colette
Published: April 2021

Les multiples prix littéraires récoltés par le dernier texte de celui qui fut, à ses débuts, un auteur scandaleux réputé illisible, nous font nous interroger sur l’œuvre de Pierre Guyotat et sur ses tentatives d’écrire le Réel. Ne pourrait-on y repérer plusieurs temps qui le mènent d’un périple christique à la solution sinthomatique de l’artiste, ainsi qu’il se définit lui-même.
L’engagement territorial des entrepreneures en quartier prioritaire, entre volonté et pragmatisme
Authors: Clément Lorena
Published: April 2021

En s’appuyant sur deux études de cas qualitatives dans les intercommunalités de Plaine Commune et de Nantes Métropole, l’article interroge la spécificité de l’impact territorial des entrepreneures vivant en quartier prioritaire. Tout en montrant la diversité des rapports qu’elles entretiennent avec l’économie sociale et solidaire, il met en valeur leur volonté d’apporter du bien-être aux individus à travers leur projet économique. Ce dernier participe au développement local, moins en termes économiques qu’en renforçant la vie sociale. Mais cet ancrage local est peu souvent un objectif affiché de la part des entrepreneures : il est plutôt le corollaire d’une réalité sociale et économique contraignante.
Publicistes et élites en Allemagne au XVIIIe siècle : les cas d’August Ludwig von Schlözer et de Friedrich Nicolai
Authors: Coignard Tristan
Published: April 2021

À partir des cas de deux publicistes particulièrement influents dans l’espace germanophone, il s’agit d’examiner le degré d’autonomie de la sphère publique au cours du dernier tiers du XVIIIe siècle. Cela implique de montrer comment les journalistes s’inscrivent dans le champ des élites intellectuelles et le font évoluer et comment ils envisagent leurs rapports avec les élites politiques : à la fois partenaire et possible adversaire, l’État est obligé de s’adapter aux nouvelles exigences et au contrôle de la presse, sans que les publicistes ne se détournent fondamentalement de lui. C’est pourquoi il convient de relativiser la thèse de l’homogénéité et de l’autonomie de la sphère publique défendue par Jürgen Habermas.
The quantum electrodynamics physical (QED-P) theory to complement quantum electrodynamics (QED)
Authors: Wilson James H.
Published: April 2021

The electronic and muonic hydrogen energy levels are calculated very accurately [M. L. Eides, H. Grotch, and V. Shelyuto, Phys. Rep. 342, 63 (2001)] in Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) by coupling the Dirac Equation four vector c(α, I) current covariantly with
the external electromagnetic (EM) field four vector in QED’s Interactive Representation. While QED has been extraordinarily successful computationally, it presents no physical description of the electron, or other charged leptons. The QED-Physical (QED-P) theory presented in this paper
is equivalent to QED in that it is based only on the four-current c(α, I) that is the reason that QED is so accurate computationally. However, QED-P describes the electron geometrically through the internal time/coordinate operators derived directly from c(α, I)
with no assumptions. QED-P’s internal coordinate operators define an electron Center of Charge (CoC) point vibrating rapidly in space and time in its unique vacuum, creating the current that produces the electron’s magnetic moment and spin, and eliminating the need for “intrinsic”
properties. QED-P also cuts off the photon propagator in a natural way so that the electron self-energy is finite and ad hoc renormalization procedures are not necessary. The c α-Non Exclusion Principle states that, if QED accepts c(α, I) as the electron
current operator because of the very accurate hydrogen energy levels calculated, then one must also accept the QED-P electron internal spatial and time coordinate operators (ISaTCO) derived directly from c(α, I) without any other assumptions. QED-P shows the electron to
be in both spin states simultaneously, and it is the external EM field that forces the electron’s spin state to be measured up or down. QED-P describes the bizarre, and very different, situation illustrated in Fig. 1 when the electron and muon are located “inside” the spatially
extended proton with their CoCs orbiting the proton at the speed of light in S energy states of hydrogen, shedding some insight into the proton radius puzzle. The electron only appears to be a point particle with intrinsic properties when observed/measured from the far field. The Dirac‐Maxwell‐Wilson
Equations are derived directly from the electron ISaTCO, and its EM fields “look” like they are from a point particle in far field scattering experiments in the same way the electric field from a sphere with evenly distributed charge “e” looks like a point charge with
the same charge in the far field (Gauss Law). A physical basis for Quantum Entanglement is derived that can be measured experimentally.
Superluminal Lorentz transformations
Authors: Capezzali Giorgio
Published: April 2021

In this article, linear transformations of coordinates to a superluminal inertial reference frame are presented. Even if there is no need to use imaginary numbers to maintain c invariant, these functions are just intended as a mathematical curiosity not necessarily having a real
physical meaning. Possible applications to our world, if any, are left to the reader.
Space‐time structure as a property derived from the operation of consciousness at the quantum-classical boundary
Authors: Shan Liang
Published: April 2021

The space‐time is empirically perceived as a pre-existing property of the universe. However, a special kind of perception that takes place in near-death-experiences (NDEs) is challenging this idea. Here, I will illustrate how understanding of this particular state of consciousness
(named the bodiless consciousness) helps us re-think the space‐time structure of the physical world. I first speculate that the bodiless consciousness perceives the physical world as nonlocal 4D. I then propose that the space‐time is a “derived” feature subsequent
to the emergence of perception of the bodiless consciousness, rather than a pre-existing and unchangeable property. Next, I explain that the space structure only takes place in the classical (or macroscopic) world rather than in the quantum (or microscopic) world, due to its intrinsic imperceptibility
to the bodiless consciousness. Without a presupposed structure of the space, the strangeness of the quantum world is expected. Then, I bring up the old measurement problem. I will argue that it is the bodiless consciousness that may entangle with the superposed state of an observed system
and trigger the collapse. Finally, I will briefly discuss the potential relationship between electromagnetic wave and consciousness.
Management of Change
Authors: Geada Nuno
Published: April 2021

Change management research has been extensively discussed during the latest decades, and management of information systems constantly investigates the importance of IT as a competitive driving tool. With the appearance of this pandemic were triggered many and varied changes in organizations, like hospitals, and in their information system has to adapt to this new reality. In order to adapt to this reality, we can use tools and methodologies, such as ITIL, which can help us to control and trigger control devices in order to minimize the change management impacts in IT caused by the pandemic of COVID-19. One of the areas affected by change management was cybersecurity. The relationships between strategic management, competitive environment, and IT as competitive factors can be supported by a holistic framework for strategic control. Although there are critical factors that depend on related paradigms that cannot be ignored and must be controlled.