bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upconversion FRET quantitation: the role of donor photoexcitation mode and compositional architecture on the decay and intensity based responses
Authors: Kotulska Agata M. , Pilch-Wróbel Aleksandra , Lahtinen Satu , Soukka Tero , Bednarkiewicz Artur
Published: August 2022

Lanthanide-doped colloidal nanoparticles capable of photon upconversion (UC) offer long luminescence lifetimes, narrowband absorption and emission spectra, and efficient anti-Stokes emission. These features are highly advantageous for Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) based detection. Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) as donors may solve the existing problems of molecular FRET systems, such as photobleaching and limitations in quantitative analysis, but these new labels also bring new challenges. Here we have studied the impact of the core-shell compositional architecture of upconverting nanoparticle donors and the mode of photoexcitation on the performance of UC-FRET from UCNPs to Rose Bengal (RB) molecular acceptor. We have quantitatively compared luminescence rise and decay kinetics of Er3+ emission using core-only NaYF4: 20% Yb, 2% Er and core-shell NaYF4: 20% Yb @ NaYF4: 20% Yb, 5% Er donor UCNPs under three photoexcitation schemes: (1) direct short-pulse photoexcitation of Er3+ at 520 nm; indirect photoexcitation of Er3+ through Yb3+ sensitizer with (2) 980 nm short (5–7 ns) or (3) 980 nm long (4 ms) laser pulses. The donor luminescence kinetics and steady-state emission spectra differed between the UCNP architectures and excitation schemes. Aiming for highly sensitive kinetic upconversion FRET-based biomolecular assays, the experimental results underline the complexity of the excitation and energy-migration mechanisms affecting the Er3+ donor responses and suggest ways to optimize the photoexcitation scheme and the architecture of the UCNPs used as luminescent donors.
Outcomes of renal transplantation in patients with AL amyloidosis: an international collaboration through The International Kidney and Monoclonal Gammopathy Research Group
Authors: Havasi Andrea , Heybeli Cihan , Leung Nelson , Angel-Korman Avital , Sanchorawala Vaishali , Cohen Oliver , Wechalekar Ashutosh , Bridoux Frank , Jaffer Insara , Gutgarts Victoria , Hassoun Hani , Levinson Maya , Rosenbaum Cara , Milani Paolo , Palladini Giovanni , Merlini Giampaolo , Hegenbart Ute , Schönland Stefan , Veelken Kaya , Pogrebinsky Alexander , Doros Gheorghe , Landau Heather
Published: August 2022

Effective systemic therapies suppress toxic light chain production leading to an increased proportion of patients with light chain (AL) amyloidosis who survive longer albeit with end-stage renal disease. There is a critical need to identify patients in this population who benefit from renal transplantation. This multicenter, observational study from five countries includes 237 patients with AL amyloidosis who underwent renal transplantation between 1987 and 2020. With a median follow-up of 8.5 years, the median overall survival from renal transplantation was 8.6 years and was significantly longer in patients with complete and very good partial hematologic responses (CR + VGPR) compared to less than VGPR (9 versus 6.8 years; HR: 1.5, P = 0.04 [95% CI: 1–2.1]) at renal transplantation. Median graft survival was 7.8 years and was better in the CR + VGPR group (8.3 vs 5.7 years, HR: 1.4, P = 0.05 [95% CI: 1–2]). The frequency and time to amyloid recurrence in the graft was also lower (16% vs 37%, p = 0.01) and longer (median time not achieved vs 10 years, p = 0.001) in the CR + VGPR group. Comparing CR vs. VGPR there was no difference in overall or graft survival. Although 69 patients (29%) experienced hematologic relapse, treatment effectively prevented graft loss in the majority (87%). Renal transplantation in selected AL amyloidosis patients is associated with extended overall and renal graft survival. Patients with hematologic CR or VGPR have the most favorable outcomes, and these patients should be considered for renal transplantation.
Exosomal miR-155-5p derived from glioma stem-like cells promotes mesenchymal transition via targeting ACOT12
Authors: Bao Zixu , Zhang Ning , Niu Wanxiang , Mu Maolin , Zhang Xiaoming , Hu Shanshan , Niu Chaoshi
Published: August 2022

Tumor-associated exosomes play essential roles in intercellular communication and the foundation of cancer microenvironment in glioma. Many mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) and proteins contained in tumor-associated exosomes can be transferred to recipient cells and contribute to the progression of tumor. Nevertheless, the cellular communication between malignant cells with different heterogeneities or characteristics and resultant tumor progression are still unclear in glioma. Here, we show that exosomes released from glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) contain a significant increasing level of miR-155-5p and could be horizontally transferred to surrounding glioma cells. High expression of miR-155-5p in plasma exosomes from patients was associated with glioma diagnosis and grading. Mechanically, we found that miR-155-5p markedly reduced the expression of acetyl-CoA thioesterase 12 (ACOT12), which played as a tumor suppressor in glioma. Furthermore, mesenchymal transition was significantly promoted in glioma cells treated with GSCs-derived exosomes. In conclusion, GSCs-derived exosomal miR-155-5p play a critical role in glioma progression and facilitating tumor aggressive growth by targeting ACOT12 and promoting mesenchymal transition. Exosomal miR-155-5p is also a potential predictive biomarker for glioma, which may provoke the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against glioma.
Real picture of magnetic domain dynamics along the magnetic hysteresis curve inside an advanced permanent magnet
Authors: Takeuchi Makoto , Suzuki Motohiro , Kobayashi Shintaro , Kotani Yoshinori , Nakamura Tetsuya , Kikuchi Nobuaki , Bolyachkin Anton , Sepehri-Amin Hossein , Ohkubo Tadakatsu , Hono Kazuhiro , Une Yasuhiro , Okamoto Satoshi
Published: August 2022

In the long history of permanent magnet research for more than 100 years, three-dimensional magnetic microscopy has been eagerly awaited to elucidate the origin of the magnetic hysteresis of permanent magnets. In this study, we succeeded in observing the three-dimensional magnetic domain structure of an advanced high-coercivity Nd-Fe-B-based permanent magnet throughout the magnetic hysteresis curve using a recently developed hard X-ray magnetic tomography technique. Focused-ion-beam-based three-dimensional scanning electron microscopy was employed to study the relationship between the observed magnetic domains and the microstructure of the magnet for the same observing volume. Thermally demagnetized and coercivity states exhibit considerably different magnetic domain structures but show the same periodicity of 2.3 μm, indicating that the characteristic length of the magnetic domain is independent of the magnetization states. Further careful examination revealed some unexpected magnetic domain behaviors, such as running perpendicular to the magnetic easy axis and reversing back against the magnetic field. These findings demonstrate a wide variety of real magnetic domain behaviors along the magnetic hysteresis inside a permanent magnet.
Modelling the medium-term dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in England in the Omicron era
Authors: Barnard Rosanna C. , Davies Nicholas G. ,   Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases COVID-19 working group, Munday James D. , Lowe Rachel , Knight Gwenan M. , Leclerc Quentin J. , Tully Damien C. , Hodgson David , Pung Rachael , Hellewell Joel , Koltai Mihaly , Simons David , Abbas Kaja , Kucharski Adam J. , Procter Simon R. , Sandmann Frank G. , Pearson Carl A. B. , Prem Kiesha , Showering Alicia , Meakin Sophie R. , O’Reilly Kathleen , McCarthy Ciara V. , Quaife Matthew , Wong Kerry L. M. , Jafari Yalda , Deol Arminder K. , Houben Rein M. G. J. , Diamond Charlie , Jombart Thibaut , Villabona-Arenas C. Julian , Waites William , Eggo Rosalind M. , Endo Akira , Gibbs Hamish P. , Klepac Petra , Williams Jack , Quilty Billy J. , Brady Oliver , Emery Jon C. , Atkins Katherine E. , Chapman Lloyd A. C. , Sherratt Katharine , Abbott Sam , Bosse Nikos I. , Mee Paul , Funk Sebastian , Lei Jiayao , Liu Yang , Flasche Stefan , Rudge James W. , Sun Fiona Yueqian , Medley Graham , Russell Timothy W. , Gimma Amy , Hué Stéphane , Jarvis Christopher I. , Finch Emilie , Clifford Samuel , Jit Mark , Edmunds W. John
Published: August 2022

England has experienced a heavy burden of COVID-19, with multiple waves of SARS-CoV-2 transmission since early 2020 and high infection levels following the emergence and spread of Omicron variants since late 2021. In response to rising Omicron cases, booster vaccinations were accelerated and offered to all adults in England. Using a model fitted to more than 2 years of epidemiological data, we project potential dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infections, hospital admissions and deaths in England to December 2022. We consider key uncertainties including future behavioural change and waning immunity and assess the effectiveness of booster vaccinations in mitigating SARS-CoV-2 disease burden between October 2021 and December 2022. If no new variants emerge, SARS-CoV-2 transmission is expected to decline, with low levels remaining in the coming months. The extent to which projected SARS-CoV-2 transmission resurges later in 2022 depends largely on assumptions around waning immunity and to some extent, behaviour, and seasonality.
Socially meaningful visual context either enhances or inhibits vocalisation processing in the macaque brain
Authors: Froesel Mathilda , Gacoin Maëva , Clavagnier Simon , Hauser Marc , Goudard Quentin , Ben Hamed Suliann
Published: August 2022

Social interactions rely on the interpretation of semantic and emotional information, often from multiple sensory modalities. Nonhuman primates send and receive auditory and visual communicative signals. However, the neural mechanisms underlying the association of visual and auditory information based on their common social meaning are unknown. Using heart rate estimates and functional neuroimaging, we show that in the lateral and superior temporal sulcus of the macaque monkey, neural responses are enhanced in response to species-specific vocalisations paired with a matching visual context, or when vocalisations follow, in time, visual information, but inhibited when vocalisation are incongruent with the visual context. For example, responses to affiliative vocalisations are enhanced when paired with affiliative contexts but inhibited when paired with aggressive or escape contexts. Overall, we propose that the identified neural network represents social meaning irrespective of sensory modality.
Geoelectrochemistry-driven alteration of amino acids to derivative organics in carbonaceous chondrite parent bodies
Authors: Li Yamei , Kitadai Norio , Sekine Yasuhito , Kurokawa Hiroyuki , Nakano Yuko , Johnson-Finn Kristin
Published: August 2022

A long-standing question regarding carbonaceous chondrites (CCs) is how the CCs’ organics were sourced and converted before and after the accretion of their parent bodies. Growing evidence shows that amino acid abundances in CCs decrease with an elongated aqueous alteration. However, the underlying chemical processes are unclear. If CCs’ parent bodies were water-rock differentiated, pH and redox gradients can drive electrochemical reactions by using H2 as an electron source. Here, we simulate such redox conditions and demonstrate that α-amino acids are electrochemically altered to monoamines and α-hydroxy acids on FeS and NiS catalysts at 25 °C. This conversion is consistent with their enrichment compared to amino acid analogs in heavily altered CCs. Our results thus suggest that H2 can be an important driver for organic evolution in water-rock differentiated CC parent bodies as well as the Solar System icy bodies that might possess similar pH and redox gradients.
Increasing sensitivity of dryland vegetation greenness to precipitation due to rising atmospheric CO2
Authors: Zhang Yao , Gentine Pierre , Luo Xiangzhong , Lian Xu , Liu Yanlan , Zhou Sha , Michalak Anna M. , Sun Wu , Fisher Joshua B. , Piao Shilong , Keenan Trevor F.
Published: August 2022

Water availability plays a critical role in shaping terrestrial ecosystems, particularly in low- and mid-latitude regions. The sensitivity of vegetation growth to precipitation strongly regulates global vegetation dynamics and their responses to drought, yet sensitivity changes in response to climate change remain poorly understood. Here we use long-term satellite observations combined with a dynamic statistical learning approach to examine changes in the sensitivity of vegetation greenness to precipitation over the past four decades. We observe a robust increase in precipitation sensitivity (0.624% yr−1) for drylands, and a decrease (−0.618% yr−1) for wet regions. Using model simulations, we show that the contrasting trends between dry and wet regions are caused by elevated atmospheric CO2 (eCO2). eCO2 universally decreases the precipitation sensitivity by reducing leaf-level transpiration, particularly in wet regions. However, in drylands, this leaf-level transpiration reduction is overridden at the canopy scale by a large proportional increase in leaf area. The increased sensitivity for global drylands implies a potential decrease in ecosystem stability and greater impacts of droughts in these vulnerable ecosystems under continued global change.
Interpretable learning of voltage for electrode design of multivalent metal-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Xiuying , Zhou Jun , Lu Jing , Shen Lei
Published: August 2022

Deep learning (DL) has indeed emerged as a powerful tool for rapidly and accurately predicting materials properties from big data, such as the design of current commercial Li-ion batteries. However, its practical utility for multivalent metal-ion batteries (MIBs), the most promising future solution of large-scale energy storage, is limited due to scarce MIB data availability and poor DL model interpretability. Here, we develop an interpretable DL model as an effective and accurate method for learning electrode voltages of multivalent MIBs (divalent magnesium, calcium, zinc, and trivalent aluminum) at small dataset limits (150–500). Using the experimental results as validation, our model is much more accurate than machine-learning models, which usually are better than DL in the small dataset regime. Besides the high accuracy, our feature-engineering-free DL model is explainable, which automatically extracts the atom covalent radius as the most important feature for the voltage learning by visualizing vectors from the layers of the neural network. The presented model potentially accelerates the design and optimization of multivalent MIB materials with fewer data and less domain-knowledge restriction and is implemented into a publicly available online tool kit in http://batteries.2dmatpedia.org/ for the battery community.
A lightweight neural network with multiscale feature enhancement for liver CT segmentation
Authors: Ansari Mohammed Yusuf , Yang Yin , Balakrishnan Shidin , Abinahed Julien , Al-Ansari Abdulla , Warfa Mohamed , Almokdad Omran , Barah Ali , Omer Ahmed , Singh Ajay Vikram , Meher Pramod Kumar , Bhadra Jolly , Halabi Osama , Azampour Mohammad Farid , Navab Nassir , Wendler Thomas , Dakua Sarada Prasad
Published: August 2022

Segmentation of abdominal Computed Tomography (CT) scan is essential for analyzing, diagnosing, and treating visceral organ diseases (e.g., hepatocellular carcinoma). This paper proposes a novel neural network (Res-PAC-UNet) that employs a fixed-width residual UNet backbone and Pyramid Atrous Convolutions, providing a low disk utilization method for precise liver CT segmentation. The proposed network is trained on medical segmentation decathlon dataset using a modified surface loss function. Additionally, we evaluate its quantitative and qualitative performance; the Res16-PAC-UNet achieves a Dice coefficient of 0.950 ± 0.019 with less than half a million parameters. Alternatively, the Res32-PAC-UNet obtains a Dice coefficient of 0.958 ± 0.015 with an acceptable parameter count of approximately 1.2 million.
Herb-anticancer drug interactions in real life based on VigiBase, the WHO global database
Authors: Pochet Stéphanie , Lechon Anne-Sophie , Lescrainier Cécile , De Vriese Carine , Mathieu Véronique , Hamdani Jamila , Souard Florence
Published: August 2022

Cancer patients could combine herbal treatments with their chemotherapy. We consulted VigiBase, a WHO database of individual case safety reports (ICSRs) which archives reports of suspected Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) when herbal products are used in conjunction with anti-cancer treatment. We focused on the possible interactions between antineoplastic (L01 ATC class) or hormone antagonists (L02B ATC class) with 10 commonly used herbs (pineapple, green tea, cannabis, black cohosh, turmeric, echinacea, St John’s wort, milk thistle and ginger) to compare ADRs described in ICSRs with the literature. A total of 1057 ICSRs were extracted from the database but only 134 were complete enough (or did not concern too many therapeutic lines) to keep them for analysis. Finally, 51 rationalizable ICSRs could be explained, which led us to propose a pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic interaction mechanism. Reports concerned more frequently women and half of the rationalizable ICSRs involvedViscum albumandSilybum marianum. 5% of the ADRs described could have been avoided if clinicians had had access to the published information. It is also important to note that in 8% of the cases, the ADRs observed were life threatening. Phytovigilance should thus be considered more by health care professionals to best treat cancer patients and for better integrative care.
The effect of progressive image scrambling on neuronal responses at three stations of the pigeon tectofugal pathway
Authors: Clark William , Chilcott Matthew , Colombo Michael
Published: August 2022

The progressive image scrambling procedure is an effective way of determining sensitivity to image features at different stages of the visual system, but it hasn’t yet been used to evaluate neuronal responses in birds. We determined the effect of progressively scrambling images of objects on the population responses of anterior entopallium (ENTO), mesopallium ventrolaterale (MVL), and posterior nidopallium intermediate pars lateralis (NIL) in pigeons. We found that MVL responses were more sensitive to both the intact objects and the highly scrambled images, whereas ENTO showed no clear preference for the different stimuli. In contrast, the NIL population response strongly preferred the original images over the scrambled images. These findings suggest that the anterior tectofugal pathway may process local shape in a hierarchical manner, and the posterior tectofugal pathway may process global shape of greater complexity. Another possibility is that the differential responses between ENTO/MVL and NIL may reflect an anterior–posterior map of varying sensitivity to spatial frequency.
Probabilistic analysis and simulation of crack propagation in concrete pavements and surfaces
Authors: Leblouba Moussa , Tarabin Mohamad , Zahri Mostafa
Published: August 2022

The surface of concrete pavement is susceptible to cracking. The propagation of a crack in a concrete structure may take the form of a one-dimensional line crack, a two-dimensional surface crack, or a three-dimensional volume crack. Predicting crack propagation in a concrete pavement surface is a complicated task. The whole process of formation, propagation, and orientation of cracks can be considered a stochastic process that necessitates a probabilistic investigation approach. In the present study, crack propagation in concrete pavements is studied from a probabilistic point of view using the concepts of multinomial Markov Chains using Random Walks. The study is based on actual probabilities of propagation and orientation of cracks obtained by tracing crack paths from a large dataset of images using custom-built software. Two random walker models are developed using the trinomial and multinomial Markov Chains. The master equation is developed assuming the trinomial Markov Chain, which has been brought for further theoretical and numerical developments. Examples of inferences and numerical simulations are presented to showcase the potential uses and applications of the proposed probabilistic approach for the design and scheduling of inspection visits and maintenance/rehabilitation strategies of concrete pavements and surfaces.
Imagery-related eye movements in 3D space depend on individual differences in visual object imagery
Authors: Chiquet Sandra , Martarelli Corinna S. , Mast Fred W.
Published: August 2022

During recall of visual information people tend to move their eyes even though there is nothing to see. Previous studies indicated that such eye movements are related to the spatial location of previously seen items on 2D screens, but they also showed that eye movement behavior varies significantly across individuals. The reason for these differences remains unclear. In the present study we used immersive virtual reality to investigate how individual tendencies to process and represent visual information contribute to eye fixation patterns in visual imagery of previously inspected objects in three-dimensional (3D) space. We show that participants also look back to relevant locations when they are free to move in 3D space. Furthermore, we found that looking back to relevant locations depends on individual differences in visual object imagery abilities. We suggest that object visualizers rely less on spatial information because they tend to process and represent the visual information in terms of color and shape rather than in terms of spatial layout. This finding indicates that eye movements during imagery are subject to individual strategies, and the immersive setting in 3D space made individual differences more likely to unfold.
Struvite-based composites for slow-release fertilization: a case study in sand
Authors: Valle Stella F. , Giroto Amanda S. , Dombinov Vitalij , Robles-Aguilar Ana A. , Jablonowski Nicolai D. , Ribeiro Caue
Published: August 2022

Struvite (St) recovered from wastewaters is a sustainable option for phosphorus (P) recovery and fertilization, whose solubility is low in water and high in environments characterized by a low pH, such as acidic soils. To broaden the use of struvite in the field, its application as granules is recommended, and thus the way of application should be optimized to control the solubility. In this study struvite slow-release fertilizers were designed by dispersing St particles (25, 50, and 75 wt%) in a biodegradable and hydrophilic matrix of thermoplastic starch (TPS). It was shown that, in citric acid solution (pH = 2), TPS promoted a steadier P-release from St compared to the pure St pattern. In a pH neutral sand, P-diffusion from St-TPS fertilizers was slower than from the positive control of triple superphosphate (TSP). Nevertheless, St-TPS featured comparable maize growth (i.e. plant height, leaf area, and biomass) and similar available P as TSP in sand after 42 days of cultivation. These results indicated that St-TPS slow P release could provide enough P for maize in sand, achieving a desirable agronomic efficiency while also reducing P runoff losses in highly permeable soils.
Influence of various temperatures, seed priming treatments and durations on germination and growth of the medicinal plant Aspilia africana
Authors: Okello Denis , Komakech Richard , Gang Roggers , Rahmat Endang , Chung Yuseong , Omujal Francis , Kang Youngmin
Published: August 2022

For millennia, Aspilia africana has been used across Africa to treat various diseases including malaria, wounds, and diabetes. In this study, temperature influenced the in vitro germination of A. africana with highest final germination percentage (FGP) and germination index (GI) of 65.0 ± 7.64% and 2.26 ± 0.223, respectively, at 19.8 °C. Priming seeds with H2O, KNO3, and GA3 (gibberellic acid 3) improved both in vitro germination and ex vitro emergence of A. africana seeds. Seed priming with $$1.44 \times 10^{ - 3 }$$

1.44
×

10

-
3

 M GA3 produced overall highest in vitro FGP (from 90.0 ± 4.08% to 100 ± 0.00%) and GI (from 2.97 ± 0.385 to 3.80 ± 0.239) across all priming durations. Seeds primed with KNO3 had better germination parameters for 6 and 12 h compared to 18 and 24 h. Furthermore, the highest in vitro FGP (100 ± 0.00%) was observed in seeds primed for 12 h with $$1.44 \times 10^{ - 3 }$$

1.44
×

10

-
3

 M GA3. Ex vitro A. africana seed emergence was significantly enhanced by GA3 priming. Priming A. africana seeds with H2O, KNO3, and GA3 improved their growth after 3 months, with the overall best growth for seeds primed with $$2.89 \times 10^{ - 4 }$$

2.89
×

10

-
4

 M GA3. Seed priming of A. africana is a feasible approach for improving germination and seed emergence, and enhancing plant growth.
Thymocyte regulatory variant alters transcription factor binding and protects from type 1 diabetes in infants
Authors: Sandholm Niina , Rubio García Arcadio , Pekalski Marcin L. , Inshaw Jamie R. J. , Cutler Antony J. , Todd John A.
Published: August 2022

We recently mapped a genetic susceptibility locus on chromosome 6q22.33 for type 1 diabetes (T1D) diagnosed below the age of 7 years between the PTPRK and thymocyte-selection-associated (THEMIS) genes. As the thymus plays a central role in shaping the T cell repertoire, we aimed to identify the most likely causal genetic factors behind this association using thymocyte genomic data. In four thymocyte populations, we identified 253 DNA sequence motifs underlying histone modifications. The G insertion allele of rs138300818, associated with protection from diabetes, created thymocyte motifs for multiple histone modifications and thymocyte types. In a parallel approach to identifying variants that alter transcription factor binding motifs, the same variant disrupted a predicted motif for Rfx7, which is abundantly expressed in the thymus. Chromatin state and RNA sequencing data suggested strong transcription overlapping rs138300818 in fetal thymus, while expression quantitative trait locus and chromatin conformation data associate the insertion with lower THEMIS expression. Extending the analysis to other T1D loci further highlighted rs66733041 affecting the GATA3 transcription factor binding in the AFF3 locus. Taken together, our results support a role for thymic THEMIS gene expression and the rs138300818 variant in promoting the development of early-onset T1D.
Visual hallucinations in dementia with Lewy bodies originate from necrosis of characteristic neurons and connections in three-module perception model
Authors: Nara Shigetoshi , Fujii Hiroshi , Tsukada Hiromichi , Tsuda Ichiro
Published: August 2022

Mathematical and computational approaches were used to investigate dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), in which recurrent complex visual hallucinations (RCVH) is a very characteristic symptom. Beginning with interpretative analyses of pathological symptoms of patients with RCVH-DLB in comparison with the veridical perceptions of normal subjects, we constructed a three-module scenario concerning function giving rise to perception. The three modules were the visual input module, the memory module, and the perceiving module. Each module interacts with the others, and veridical perceptions were regarded as a certain convergence to one of the perceiving attractors sustained by self-consistent collective fields among the modules. Once a rather large but inhomogeneously distributed area of necrotic neurons and dysfunctional synaptic connections developed due to network disease, causing irreversible damage, then bottom-up information from the input module to both the memory and perceiving modules were severely impaired. These changes made the collective fields unstable and caused transient emergence of mismatched perceiving attractors. This may account for the reason why DLB patients see things that are not there. With the use of our computational model and experiments, the scenario was recreated with complex bifurcation phenomena associated with the destabilization of collective field dynamics in very high-dimensional state space.
Improving the differentiation potential of pluripotent stem cells by optimizing culture conditions
Authors: Yamamoto Takako , Arita Mao , Kuroda Hirotaka , Suzuki Takashi , Kawamata Shin
Published: August 2022

Embryoid cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). They retain differentiation and self-renewal potential. However, the differentiation potential of PSCs can be changed by the culture medium. PSCs retain their differentiation potential when cultured with medium that supports the glycolytic pathway, showing high expression of chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 7 (CHD7), but lose their differentiation potential with medium that supports mitochondrial function, showing reduced levels of CHD7. Labeling cells by their copy number variant profile revealed that genetically different PSC populations can be cultured by medium selection. Another factor that defines the self-renewal potential of PSCs is culture condition. PSCs form colonies as they grow, and spontaneous differentiation inevitably occurs along the rim of these colonies in areas that lack cell-to-cell contact; because of this, undifferentiated cell populations would diminish if differentiated cells are not removed properly. Seeding cells on a less potent cell-binding material may minimize the inclusion of differentiated cells, exploiting the reduced adhesive properties of differentiated cells. Culturing cells with medium that supports the glycolytic pathway, using CHD7 as a biomarker for differentiation potential, and culturing cells on less sticky material can improve the differentiation potential of already established PSC clones.
Temperature induced modulation of resonant Raman scattering in bilayer 2H-MoS2
Authors: Bhatnagar Mukul , Woźniak Tomasz , Kipczak Łucja , Zawadzka Natalia , Olkowska-Pucko Katarzyna , Grzeszczyk Magdalena , Pawłowski Jan , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Babiński Adam , Molas Maciej R.
Published: August 2022

The temperature evolution of the resonant Raman scattering from high-quality bilayer 2H-MoS$$_{2}$$

2

encapsulated in hexagonal BN flakes is presented. The observed resonant Raman scattering spectrum as initiated by the laser energy of 1.96 eV, close to the A excitonic resonance, shows rich and distinct vibrational features that are otherwise not observed in non-resonant scattering. The appearance of 1st and 2nd order phonon modes is unambiguously observed in a broad range of temperatures from 5 to 320 K. The spectrum includes the Raman-active modes, i.e. E$$_{\text {1g}}^{2}$$

1g

2

($$\Gamma$$
Γ
) and A$$_{\text {1g}}$$

1g

($$\Gamma$$
Γ
) along with their Davydov-split counterparts, i.e. E$$_{\text {1u}}$$

1u

($$\Gamma$$
Γ
) and B$$_{\text {1u}}$$

1u

($$\Gamma$$
Γ
). The temperature evolution of the Raman scattering spectrum brings forward key observations, as the integrated intensity profiles of different phonon modes show diverse trends. The Raman-active A$$_{\text {1g}}$$

1g

($$\Gamma$$
Γ
) mode, which dominates the Raman scattering spectrum at T = 5 K quenches with increasing temperature. Surprisingly, at room temperature the B$$_{\text {1u}}$$

1u

($$\Gamma$$
Γ
) mode, which is infrared-active in the bilayer, is substantially stronger than its nominally Raman-active A$$_{\text {1g}}$$

1g

($$\Gamma$$
Γ
) counterpart.
Bound on optimal local discrimination of multipartite quantum states
Authors: Ha Donghoon , Kim Jeong San
Published: August 2022

We consider the unambiguous discrimination of multipartite quantum states and provide an upper bound for the maximum success probability of optimal local discrimination. We also provide a necessary and sufficient condition to realize the upper bound. We further establish a necessary and sufficient condition for this upper bound to be saturated. Finally, we illustrate our results using examples in multidimensional multipartite quantum systems.
Spatial distribution pattern of dominant tree species in different disturbance plots in the Changbai Mountain
Authors: Zhang Mengtao , Wang Jin , Kang Xingang
Published: August 2022

The effects of disturbance on spatial patterns and species interactions provide critical information on community structure and species coexistence. Two standard plots of 1-ha were set, one of them was a sample plot with retrograde succession after disturbance, and the other one was undisturbed. Spatial indices and Spatial patterns statistics were used to analyze the spatial pattern and inter-specific correlation of main tree species in two plots. Our results showed that the diameter distributions of different species have reverse J-shape, unimodal and bimodal distribution in the disturbed plot, while bell-shaped curves were observed in the undisturbed plot. The distributions of tree species were mainly showed clustered patterns in almost all scales through univariate pair correlation function. Some similar results of the classification of Wiegand scheme of species association consistent with the consequences of the bivariate pair correlation. The mark variograms showed positive autocorrelation at a coarse scale. The current study may aid in efforts of forest management planning and ecosystem services. Meanwhile, different research methods of spatial distribution also help to improve the accuracy of spatial distribution and the interspecific association of tree species.
Multiple pH waves generated electrochemically and propagated from an electrode surface
Authors: Sterin Ilya , Tverdokhlebova Anna , Katz Evgeny , Smutok Oleh
Published: August 2022

Multiple solution layers with different pH values were produced electrochemically and propagated from an electrode surface.
A tetrazole-ene photoactivatable fluorophore with improved brightness and stability in protic solution
Authors: Zhang Yi-Kang , Li Meng , Ruan Lan , An Peng
Published: August 2022

To suppress the fluorescence quenching of pyrazoline in protic solvents, rational design of sterically shielded tetrazole as a photoactivatable fluorophore with improved brightness and photostability both in vitro and in living cells was demonstrated.
A crystalline cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene with a 1,1′-ferrocenylene backbone
Authors: Volk Julia , Heinz Myron , Leibold Michael , Bruhn Clemens , Bens Tobias , Sarkar Biprajit , Holthausen Max C. , Siemeling Ulrich
Published: August 2022

Ferrocene-based, and hence redox-functionalised, cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbenes (fcCAACs) are established as an original family, thus adding a new dimension to CAAC chemistry.
A novel furo[3,2-c]pyridine-based AIE photosensitizer for specific imaging and photodynamic ablation of Gram-positive bacteria
Authors: Wu Ming-Yu , Wang Yun , Wang Li-Juan , Wang Jia-Li , Xia Feng-Wei , Feng Shun
Published: August 2022

A novel AIE-active furo[2,3-c]pyridine-based photosensitizer was developed for specific imaging and photodynamic ablation of Gram-positive bacteria in vitro and in vivo.
Synthesis and reactivity of donor stabilized thionylium (SO2+) dications
Authors: Andrews Ryan J. , De Backere John R. , Stephan Douglas W.
Published: August 2022

Mono-, di-, and tridentate base-stabilized thionylium (SO2+) dications synthesized from SOCl2 demonstrate Lewis acidicity, activate C–F bonds of fluoroalkanes and effect O2− capture evolving SO2.
Pd17Se15 alloy on Se spheres with a high anti-poisoning ability for alcohol fuel electrooxidation
Authors: Qiao Wei , Zha Meng , Yang Yun , Hu Guangzhi , Feng Ligang
Published: August 2022

High anti-CO poisoning ability was found for the electron-deficient Pd in the Pd17Se15/Se catalyst for enhanced alcohol electrooxidation in an alkaline medium.
Reverse design of metamaterial absorbers based on an equivalent circuit
Authors: Wang Yang , Xuan Xuefei , Wu Shenbing , Zhu Lu , Zhu Jiabing , Shen Xiaobo , Zhang Zhipeng , Hu Changjun
Published: August 2022

We propose an inverse design method for designing and analyzing metamaterial absorbers, and design narrow-band absorbers and broad-band absorbers. This method has the advantages of short design cycle and small computational effort.
Elucidation of the atomic-scale processes of dissociative adsorption and spillover of hydrogen on the single atom alloy catalyst Pd/Cu(111)
Authors: Osada Wataru , Tanaka Shunsuke , Mukai Kozo , Kawamura Mitsuaki , Choi YoungHyun , Ozaki Fumihiko , Ozaki Taisuke , Yoshinobu Jun
Published: August 2022

The dissociative adsorption and spillover processes of hydrogen on the Pd deposited Cu(111) surface were investigated using IRAS, TPD, HR-XPS, and DFT calculations, which have elucidated the atomic-scale perspective of hydrogen on Pd/Cu(111).
Mutual effects between single-stranded DNA conformation and Na+–Mg2+ion competition in mixed salt solutions
Authors: Sun Li-Zhen , Qian Jun-Lin , Cai Pinggen , Xu Xiaojun
Published: August 2022

Based on the Langevin dynamics simulations of the ssDNA-Na+/Mg2+systems, we reported the quantitative dependence of both the binding fractions of the excess ions and radii of gyration of ssDNA on ion concentrations.
Lanthanide/actinide boride nanoclusters and nanomaterials based on boron frameworks consisting of conjoined Bnrings (n= 7–9)
Authors: Lu Xiao-Qin , Zhao Xiao-Ni , Mu Yue-Wen , Li Si-Dian
Published: August 2022

Extensive first-principles theory calculations predict a series of lanthanide/actinide boride nanoclusters and 1D, 2D, and 3D actinide boride nanomaterials based on boron frameworks composed of inverse sandwiched conjoined Bnrings (n= 7–9).
Platinum nanoplatforms: classic catalysts claiming a prominent role in cancer therapy
Authors: Garcia-Peiro Jose I. , Bonet-Aleta Javier , Santamaria Jesus , Hueso Jose L.
Published: August 2022

The present work provides a critical overview of how Pt-based nanosystems can play a leading role in new cancer therapies and excel beyond their well-established performance in “classic” catalytic processes.
Hydroboration of carbon dioxide with pinacolborane catalyzed by various aluminum hydrides: a comparative mechanistic study
Authors: Li Cai-Qin , Leng Geng , Li Weiyi
Published: August 2022

DFT calculations predict three-coordinated cationic AlH species 6 and 7 as promising catalyst candidates for hydroboration of CO2with HBpin.
Room-temperature luminescence from Pd(ii) and Pt(ii) complexes: from mechanochromic crystals to flexible polymer matrices
Authors: Gutierrez Suburu Matias E. , Maisuls Iván , Kösters Jutta , Strassert Cristian A.
Published: August 2022

A series of Pd(ii) and Pt(ii) complexes bearing tetradentate ligands as dianionic luminophores were synthesized and their room-temperature photoluminescence in PMMA films as well as in mechanochromic crystalline phases was correlated with molecular structure.
Luminescence properties of Cr3+-doped near-infrared emissive fluoroyttrates for light-emitting diodes
Authors: Qing Song , Zhang Xi , Yang Tao , Chu Lingxiang , Zhou Yayun , Wan Jing , Wang Zhengliang , Tang Huaijun , Zhou Qiang
Published: August 2022

A series of Cr3+-activated fluoroyttrate phosphors with double-perovskite structures and broadband NIR emissions is presented, implying potential use for light-emitting diodes.
In situconstruction of FeCo alloy nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen-doped bamboo-like carbon nanotubes as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for Zn–air batteries
Authors: Chen Junxue , Zhu Jie , Li Sijia , Li Zhonglin , Wu Chengzhi , Wang Ding , Luo Zhihong , Li Yibing , Luo Kun
Published: August 2022

We demonstrate thein situconstruction of embedded FeCo alloy nanoparticles in Nitrogen-doped bamboo-like carbon nanotubes with a large power density of 200.4 mW cm−2and a robust cycling performance over 445 h for Zn-air battery.
Correction: Effect of the orientation and fluid flow on the accumulation of organotin compounds to Chemcatcher passive samplers
Authors: Ahkola H. , Juntunen J. , Laitinen M. , Krogerus K. , Huttula T. , Herve S. , Witick A.
Published: August 2022

Correction for ‘Effect of the orientation and fluid flow on the accumulation of organotin compounds to Chemcatcher passive samplers’ by H. Ahkola et al., Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts, 2015, 17, 813–824, https://doi.org/10.1039/C4EM00585F.
The antidiabetic effects of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BL21 through regulating gut microbiota structure in type 2 diabetic mice
Authors: Hao Junyu , Zhang Yongli , Wu Tao , Liu Rui , Sui Wenjie , Zhu Jianguo , Fang Shuguang , Geng Jieting , Zhang Min
Published: August 2022

Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BL21 exerts conspicuous hypoglycemic effects via reshaping the gut microbiota and glucose metabolism, and it could be a potential functional food for controlling type 2 diabetes.
Improving thein vitroandin vivobioavailability of pterostilbene using Yesso scallop gonad protein isolates-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) conjugate-based emulsions: effects of carrier oil
Authors: Han Jia-Run , Wang Qi , Yi Ling-Xiao , Li Ping , Gu Qing , Xiao Hang , Zhu Bei-Wei , Wu Hai-Tao
Published: August 2022

This study investigated the influence of carrier oils on thein vitroandin vivobioavailability of PTE encapsulated in scallop gonad protein isolates (SGPIs)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) conjugate stabilized emulsions.
Photoinduced allylic defluorinative alkylation of trifluoromethyl alkenes with Katritzky salts under catalyst- and metal-free conditions
Authors: Cai Zhuqian , Gu Rui , Si Weili , Xiang Yubin , Sun Jinwei , Jiao Yan , Zhang Xuan
Published: August 2022

A photoinduced method for the synthesis of gem-difluoroalkenes using trifluoromethyl alkenes and Katritzky salts under catalyst- and metal-free conditions is described.
Modified iterative wavelets for background removal in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy based on fiber laser ablation
Authors: Lin Zhanjian , Zhang Ning , Xu Zhiying , Liao Jinpeng , Yuan Hao , Chenshen Erfan , Liu Jiamei , Li Jiaming , Zhao Nan , Zhang Qingmao
Published: August 2022

A modified method for removing the strong background in FL-LIBS.
A spatially resolved ratiometric electrochemiluminescence immunosensor for myoglobin detection using Au@Ag2S as signal amplification tags
Authors: Chen Chen , Ma Jin-Xin , Wang Hui , Liu Hui-Qiao , Ren Shu-Wei , Cao Jun-Tao , Liu Yan-Ming
Published: August 2022

A spatially resolved ratiometric ECL immunosensor for myoglobin detection was developed via resonance energy transfer for signal amplification.
Construction of the Sn-doped defect pyrochlore oxide KNbMoO6·H2O/g-C3N4 composite and its photocatalytic reduction of CO2
Authors: Zeng Xu , Wang Bo , Zhang Xin , Zhang Hong , Fan Meiqing , Wang Jun , Ren Bo , Yang Xiaodong , Bai Xuefeng
Published: August 2022

The Sn-doped defect pyrochlore oxide KNbMoO6·H2O/g-C3N4 composite can be used as a photocatalyst for conversion of CO2 in order to deal with energy and environmental issues.
Redox- and pH-responsive emulsions based on TiO2 nanoparticles and ferrocene derivates
Authors: Ge Shujin , Zhang Shang , Chang Xiujie , Li Aixiang , Wang Weiwei , Li Qiuhong , Wang Zhaodong
Published: August 2022

The stabilization of emulsion depends on the combination adsorption of surfactant-modified nanoparticles and surfactants on the oil-water interface.
Biogenetic and biomimetic synthesis of natural bisditerpenoids: hypothesis and practices
Authors: Chang Yibo , Sun Chengpeng , Wang Chao , Huo Xiaokui , Zhao Wenyu , Ma Xiaochi
Published: August 2022

The review introduced the chemical diversity in structures and biosynthesis of interesting bisditerpenoids (diterpenoid dimers), and their biological functions.
A guide to the design of magnetic particle imaging tracers for biomedical applications
Authors: Duong H. T. Kim , Abdibastami Ashkan , Gloag Lucy , Barrera Liam , Gooding J. Justin , Tilley Richard D.
Published: August 2022

This review outlines how nanoparticle structure and surface coating can be tailored to generate images with high signal and spatial resolutionin vivo, which is crucial for developing magnetic particle imaging tracers for biomedical applications.
PSMA-specific degradable dextran for multiplexed immunotargeted siRNA therapeutics against prostate cancer
Authors: Chen Zhihang , Krishnamachary Balaji , Mironchik Yelena , Ray Banerjee Sangeeta , Pomper Martin G. , Bhujwalla Zaver M.
Published: August 2022

PSMA-targeted multiplexed siRNA delivery with an acid degradable dextran nanocarrier for PSMA-specific prostate cancer immunotherapy.
Nanoceria dissolution at acidic pH by breaking off the catalytic loop
Authors: Galyamin Dmitry , Ernst Lena M. , Fitó-Parera Aina , Mira-Vidal Guillem , Bastús Neus G. , Sabaté Neus , Puntes Victor
Published: August 2022

Experiments at low pH show that nanoceria – widely reported to have catalytic behavior – acts as a pure stoichiometric reagent where insoluble Ce4+ ions transform into soluble Ce3+ in the nanocrystal that finally dissolves.
The effect of surface-active statistical copolymers in low-energy miniemulsion and RAFT polymerization
Authors: Rolland Manon , Dufresne Eric R. , Truong Nghia P. , Anastasaki Athina
Published: August 2022

Study of the composition, lenght and chemical structure of surface-active statistical copolymers in low-energy miniemulsions.
Photothermal polymerization of benzoxazines
Authors: Reyes-Mateo Kevin , Marquet Jordi , Hernando Jordi , Sebastián Rosa M.
Published: August 2022

Visible irradiation of mixtures of benzoxazine monomers and metal salt catalysts leads to extensive photothermal polymerization, which allows the preparation of complex polybenzoxazine featuresviaphotolithography.
Coordination assembly and NIR photothermal conversion of Cp*Rh-based supramolecular topologies based on distinct conjugated systems
Authors: Dang Li-Long , Zhang Ting-Ting , Chen Tian , Zhao Ying , Zhao Chen-Chen , Aznarez Francisco , Sun Kai-Xin , Ma Lu-Fang
Published: August 2022

The selective synthesis and transformation of Borromean rings and [2]catenane, are presented based on linear/aromatic conjugated ligands through different stacking interactions, promoting nonradiative transitions and trigger photothermal conversion.
Carbazolylgold(iii) complexes with thermally activated delayed fluorescence switched on by ligand manipulation as high efficiency organic light-emitting devices with small efficiency roll-offs
Authors: Wong Chun-Yin , Tang Man-Chung , Li Lok-Kwan , Leung Ming-Yi , Tang Wai-Kit , Lai Shiu-Lun , Cheung Wai-Lung , Ng Maggie , Chan Mei-Yee , Yam Vivian Wing-Wah
Published: August 2022

Switch on of TADF can be achieved by tuning the excited state energy levels via ligand manipulation of the carbazolylgold(iii) C^C^N complexes. The resulting OLEDs show maximum EQEs of over 11% and efficiency roll-offs of down to less than 1%.
Influence of ion mobility on the redox and catalytic properties of Cu ions in zeolites
Authors: Signorile Matteo , Borfecchia Elisa , Bordiga Silvia , Berlier Gloria
Published: August 2022

The mobility of Cu ions in zeolites is influenced by oxidation state, ligands, zeolite topology and chemical composition. The known and possible implications for catalytic activity of Cu-zeolites are discussed.
The sequential structural transformation of a heptanuclear zinc cluster towards hierarchical porous carbon for supercapacitor applications
Authors: Li Tian , Wang Yi-Fan , Yin Zheng , Li Jian , Peng Xu , Zeng Ming-Hua
Published: August 2022

The phase and morphology of a heptanuclear zinc cluster change during pyrolysis, leading to Zn7-1000 with a hierarchical pore structure which exhibits capacitance of 1797 F g−1at 1 A g−1.
Room temperature light induced spin state switching in a FeII coordination polymer featuring a photo responsive anion
Authors: Kumar Varun , Rotaru Aurelian , Garcia Yann
Published: August 2022

The FeII coordination polymer, [Fe(NH2trz)3](psca)2·2H2O, incorporating a photo-responsive non-coordinated anion, p-sulfocinnamic acid (psca), offers the first example of AD-LISC at room temperature.