bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sistem Informasi Objek Parawisata Kalimantan Tengah Berbasis Website
Authors: Pranatawijaya Viktor Handrianus , Pratama Ferdha Alif
Published: April 2023

Lack of adequate information about tourist objects in Central Kalimantan makes these attractions less well known by the public and tourists so that visitor interest is also reduced. Therefore, these problems need to be overcome by promoting and providing information using website-based information media. The design of this website-based information system aims to promote Central Kalimantan tourism objects that can be accessed anywhere and anytime. A website-based information system is a media that can display elements such as text, animated images and sound so as to make this media interesting. The results of the design of this website-based tourism information system are expected to be able to become a medium that can promote and introduce to the wider community about Central Kalimantan tourism objects so that it can be useful for the government and local communities.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Psikotalk Berbasis Android
Authors: Sari Nova Noor Kamala , Jakkirahman Jakkirahman , Sylviana Felicia
Published: April 2023

Advances in technology are currently happening in almost all aspects of life. Now all the desired information can be obtained using smartphone media. This is because the function of the smartphone can be used anywhere and anytime. One of the supporting factors is its relatively small size and easy to carry anywhere so that it makes it easy for users to find information. Advances and developments in this technology will certainly make it easier to present information, one of which is in the field of mental health.

This study aims to design and build an android-based consulting application that connects psychologists with clients to conduct consultations in real time. This application presents a list of psychologists that can be selected according to the topic of consultation and clients can process payments and schedule consultations with psychologists through this application. This application can also provide information about the world of mental health through the information page provided.

The results of this study are in the form of an android-based consulting application that can be used by psychology clients to conduct consultations with psychologists in real time through smartphone media.
Website Layanan Pengaduan Masyarakat Pada Bina Marga Kota Palangka Raya
Authors: Christian Efrans , Pranatawijaya Viktor Handrianus , Widiatry Widiatry , Saputra Muhammad Dwi
Published: April 2023

The public complaint service website is a support system primarily for the community who wish to report road and bridge damage complaints in the Public Works Department. In handling community complaints, the Public Works Department has a mechanism for handling complaints that can be done directly or using WhatsApp applications. This results in complaint handling still being manual and not computerized. The Waterfall software development methodology was used in designing and building this system. The stages involved were: Requirements Definitions, System and Software Design, Implementation and Unit Testing, Integration and System Testing, and Operation and Maintenance. The programming language used in developing the website was PHP, the database used was MySQL, and blackbox testing was performed. After testing, the website can run its functions well, which is to manage complaint data entered into the database. The aim is for the Public Works Department to plan road and bridge construction and repairs in a more structured manner and to help with road and bridge monitoring. This website can facilitate the public in reporting the location of damaged roads and bridges using the Google Maps API, making it easier for users to determine the location of damaged roads and bridges.
Determination of Pollinator Characteristics of Some Hazelnut Genotypes
Authors: BALIK Hüseyin İrfan , DEMİR Taki , BEYHAN Ömer
Published: April 2023

This research was carried out in Karasu, Kocaali and Arifiye districts of Sakarya Province to determine the suitable pollinators for Çakıldak hazelnut cultivar (Corylus avellana) in 2021-2022. In the study, 27 genotypes that were late male flowering, formed a large amount of catkins, had high pollen quality, had round nut shape and short husk length were examined. Pollen viability was detected according to 2, 3, 5,-Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride (TTC). Pollen viability of the genotypes was ranged from 22.3% to 93.7% according to the TTC method. According to the agar method, pollen germination rate was determined between 15.6% and 78.1% at 20% sucrose concentration containing 1% agar. 89% of the genotypes were round, 11% were in the oblong nut group. It was determined that most of them amount of male inflorescences (catkins) depending on the tree crown volume and age. T-22KRS02, T-22KRS03, T-22KRS07, T-22KRS08, T-22KRS09, T-22KRS10, T-22KRS11, T-22KCL11, T-22KCL14, T-22KCL16 and Mincane were selected to be evaluated in the second phase of the study.
Revisiting Gandhi’s Philosophy: A Quest for Global Peace
Authors:   Chairman Board of Studies in English & Other European Languages, Rani Durgavati Vishwavidyalaya Jabalpur & Head Faculty of Arts, Hawabagh College Jabalpur, M.P., Chansoria Prof. Alok
Published: April 2023

More than three dozen conflicts are presently ongoing throughout the world. Of these, six have been converted into major wars, viz.: Yemeni Civil War, Mexican Drug War, Afghanistan Conflict, Myanmar Conflict, Ethiopian Civil War and the Russia-Ukraine War. Innocent citizens of these countries, including women and children, are being brutally killed in these conflicts. War leads to disaster. And after the holocaust one tends to preserve what is left behind and creates, once again, what has been destroyed. Ultimately, the end sufferers of the war going countries are its guiltless citizens. Solution to the above-mentioned violent conflicts lies in the Gandhian philosophy based on its four major principles, viz.: satya (truth), ahimsa (non-violence), satyagraha and sarvodaya. There is little scope for greed, lie, hatred, and urge for power, violence and possessiveness in Gandhian philosophy. After all when shall man realize that he is not immortal. Man has to realize that the mentality for more than required material possessiveness is the root cause of poverty and starvation. Wealth earned throughout life cannot be carried after death. The aforesaid chaos and conflict, which the world faces today is because man is running blindly in quest for the attainment of material gains and for the acquisition of absolute power. This selfish quest for money and power attracts jealousy and hatred from all corners ultimately resulting into grievous conflicts. And, therefore, Gandhi propagated in favour of non-possessiveness and detachment from material things. The world has had enough of bloodshed for the establishment of a so called just order, i.e., based on freedom and democracy, especially after the II World War. It is high time these conflicting countries realize that peace is indivisible and so is freedom and both together co-exist and are indivisible too.
Currency hedging. The case study Nestlé Suisse SA
Authors:   ISCAP – P Porto, Toader Oana , Homburg Florian ,   ISCAP – P Porto, André Christopher ,   ISCAP – P Porto, Teixeira Tânia ,   ISCAP – P Porto; CEO and finance assistance specialist, Pereira Adalmiro ,   EOS Member and ISCAP – P Porto teacher
Published: April 2023

Globalization has opened a world market that allows us to trade. These exchanges are now counted in billions of Swiss francs (CHF). (Grossbard, 2023) Indeed, many companies buy and sell currencies every day in order to settle their transactions. For many companies, the price of foreign currencies has an impact on their results. This impact is not controllable and can be very volatile and unpredictable. Companies are all looking to minimize the uncertainty of foreign exchange losses and therefore find the best ways to avoid such accidents. Several means exist such as the technical strategy of currency hedging. This paper will illustrate how an international company works when it comes to forwards. There will be a fictional case study that will show the impact of the war in Ukraine in currency hedging.
Relevance of Registration of Geographical Indications with Increasing Competitiveness of Local Products in the City of Semarang
Authors:   Faculty of Law, Universitas Diponegoro, Aminah Chandra Aditia,
Published: April 2023

Whereas in principle all types of intellectual property rights are protected by law including geographical indications. Legal protection for Geographical Indications is created when the owner registers it with the Minister of Law and Human Rights. Especially in the city of Semarang, the problem regarding the registration of Geographical Indications that occurs is the lack of awareness of the citizens of the city of Semarang to register their Geographical Indications, which actually has the potential to increase the competitiveness of local products in the City of Semarang. This study will address these issues using empirical juridical research methods based on primary legal data. Based on the research results, it is known that legal protection for geographical indications is created when the geographical indication is registered. Geographical indications that have been registered have an impact on strengthening the competitiveness of local products in the City of Semarang, so that the community and the government of the City of Semarang must jointly strive to increase awareness of the registration of geographical indications in the City of Semarang.
Green Public Procurement as a Tool for Sustainable and Secure Food Policy: Evidence from Poland
Authors: Zielińska-Chmielewska Anna , Żukovskis Jan , Wielicka-Regulska Anna , Mruk-Tomczak Dobrosława , Wojtaszek Henryk
Published: April 2023

This research article aims to investigate green public procurement as a tool for sustainable and secure food policy on the example of Poland. The practical objective of the study is to present the application of an analyzed wide range policy tool supporting sustainable food consumption in Poland. First, the systematic literature review of regulatory and market-based tools with an overview on policy rationale was carried out. Second, to assess consumers’ preferences on green public procurement, the exploratory survey with CAWI method in period from 1.01 to 31.03.2022 was conducted. Third, to quantify the survey results, one-way ANOVA analysis was applied. Fourth, to deepen only statistically significant dependencies between customers and green public procurement, Cluster Analysis was used. There are plenty interesting and applicative findings from the study. In a short time-horizon, the results show that there is a growing interest in market-based instruments on the food market expressed by consumers. Moreover, the consumers favor those that are less coercive and do not directly affect their freedom of food choice. The study found a high degree of match between green public procurement and established consumer clusters, which can be applied by state authorities in a long-time horizon.
Implementasi Pembentukan Karakter pada Siswa SD Islam Terpadu
Authors: Gumilar Muhammad Rangga
Published: April 2023

This study aims to describe the implementation of character building in learning and to find out several factors supporting and inhibiting the application of character building in learning in Integrated Islamic Elementary Schools (SDIT). This study uses a qualitative method. Data collection was carried out through interviews and observation, documentation, and descriptive and qualitative data analysis. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of character building in schools is integrated into all subjects, extracurricular activities, and habituation activities for each student. The results of this study are expected to be useful for educators and education staff to improve the quality of learning related to the formation of student character.

Keywords: Islamic elementary school, character building, learning.
The Image of Writers and the Author's Position in the Novel-essay by K. Yskak «The Illusion of the Past Days»
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Shortanbay Sh.A.
Published: April 2023

It is known that one of the genres of Kazakh literature, essays, appeared infrequently in the literature of the Soviet era. During the period of independence, within the framework of this genre, events and scenes in the Soviet space were described in detail, by the authors. Writers have used the rational side of the essay genre as a powerful way to analyze an idea in the context of artistic reality. The article analyzes a novel-essay «Kelmes kunder elesi» («The illusion of the past days»), from two books, which is the result of the relationship between the novel and the essay by the outstanding writer Kalihan Iskak. He defines the features and poetic structure of the essay novel based on native literary criticism. The essay novel analyzes how the author writes very eloquently and with a peculiar style about the events he witnessed, as well as about his views and thoughts. Memoirs of Kalikhan Iskak about himself, about his time, about his contemporaries, about the environment in which he grew up, as well as the memories of the inhabitants of his native land, which were collected to create a wonderful piece of art, served as the basis for writing the article. It is argued that the novel-essay of the writer is distinguished by artistic language, poetic narration and a peculiar style. It is analyzed that the novel-essay is a valuable world telling about the tastes of childhood, unforgettable events, ghosts of the days of the people's life, reflecting the abundance of biographical facts and the breadth of the author's ideological channel, enriching Kazakh literature in artistic, genre, thematic, source studies, cognitive terms. The concluding part says that the novel-essay of Kalikhan Yskak «Kelmes kunder elesi» («The illusion of the past days») is a valuable work that has enriched Kazakh literature in artistic, genre, thematic, documentary and cognitive terms.
Emotiveness and Emotive Valence of Language Units
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Ospanova D. , Aitova N. ,   Sh.Shayakhmetov National Scientific and Practical Center «Til-Kazyna», Sultanzade V. ,   Eastern Mediterranean University
Published: April 2023

In modern linguistics, attention is paid to the study of the national and cultural content of the activity of emotional vocabulary. This is especially important in understanding the semantic nature of language units. However, considering such lexical units from the point of view of their combined ability and synctaxic function allows us to achieve more results. Therefore, in this article, emotive words are studied in the aspect of semasiology and communicative linguistics. The purpose of the article is to study the valence of emotive words, their linguistic justification and reveal their communicative essence. It is planned to show that language units in an emotive combination are able to carry out their emotional activities by communicating with other units. It is known that this emotive valence further develops the idea of the regularity of emotional-expressive and expressive-stylistic harmony of language units in speech. In the article, the authors touched upon approaches to the study of emotional valence, considering the structural and functional aspects of emotional valence of a word. In particular, the types of emotive valence of a word and the mechanisms of opening valence abilities are analyzed. The object of research is the emotive components of word semantics. As a source, the main analytical materials were taken from the National Corpus of the Kazakh language, as well as fiction. In the course of the study, it was proved that an independent word is transformed into an emotive one in context or in combination with a word. The scientific conclusion that one of the main ways of emotiveness is Valence in Kazakh linguistics has not previously been properly analyzed and given in research. The small number of theoretical and practical works in the direction of studying the valence of a word indicates the relevance of this topic and the need to study emotive valence. In the course of the work, it was assumed that the emotiveness of any word is dynamic, that is, the emotional and semantic multiplicity of lexical units that occurs in accordance with the current, potential situation
Non-verbal Communication as an Indicator of the Cultural and National Specificity of a Literary Text
Authors:   South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University, Narozhnaya V.D. , Meiirbek N.K. ,   South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University, Kanayeva L.S. ,   South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University
Published: April 2023

The article is a description of the stylistic function of various means of non-verbal communication in literary texts. The authors objectify the idea that the mutual understanding of representatives of different ethnic groups involves both the acquisition of languages ​​and the awareness of cultural national codes that inform about native speakers and about the special ways of intercultural communication that are available. The scientific and practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the identification of national and cultural stereotypes of the mentality of ethnic groups in the modern globalized space is a socio-political, economic, psychological and historical factor in the formation of a nation as a linguistic community. The research methodology is based on a comparative analysis of Kazakh, Russian and non-linguistic forms of communication, the identification of full, partial equivalents in the compared languages ​​and the analysis of non-equivalent gestures, facial expressions, signs of non-verbal communication. The value of the study is determined by the understanding that non-verbal forms of communication capture and reflect the social and cultural experience of the linguocultural community, are reflected both in the universal, common for all mankind, and in the unique, national-cultural, picture of the world, characterize the common and peripheral core, reflecting the national and cultural specifics of the Kazakh and Russian philosophical worldview and showing a unique perception of the surrounding reality. The practical significance of the results of the work is determined by the possibility of introducing this material into the teaching of disciplines of postgraduate education (master's and doctoral studies), which are associated with cognitive, intercultural, linguoculturological aspects of language learning: «Ethnolinguoculturology», «Russian language and intercultural communication», «Theory and practice of intercultural communication».
Formation and Development of the National Education System in Turkey during the Period of Ataturk
Authors:   Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Gоkсhe M. , Bazarbayev K. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Kelesh M. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University
Published: April 2023

The article considers the period of formation and development of the national education system of Turkey, which was considered the most important factor of the education system during Ataturk's period. In order for the newly created young state to be viable, it was necessary to equip the young generation with modern education and educate them in the national spirit. After that, with the declaration of the Republic of Turkey, the period of fundamental reconstruction in education policy began. Ataturk not only laid the foundations of the Republic, but was able to become a leader of national modernization. The most important of his reforms are his reform initiatives in the field of education. Between 1923 and 1938, these changes, which took years in some countries, took place very quickly in Turkey. Under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, national, secular and modern education reforms began to be implemented gradually. Reforms implemented within the framework of education policy satisfied the basic needs of the society. The Law «On Unification of Education», adopted on the eve of the establishment of the Republic, revitalized the work of scientific institutions. Reforms of the alphabet, the system of national schools, and university education raised the educational and intellectual level of the country. Adoption of the law «On the unification of education» renewed school programs, created favorable conditions for the large number of foreign scientists to be attracted to universities, and the introduction of modern pedagogical technologies into the field of education. The article comprehensively examines the education system based on European science and education standards in Turkey, and analyzes modern foreign experience and proposed educational directions.
Teaching Literary Studies through the Technology of Critical Thinking
Authors:   S. Amanzholov East Kazakhstan University, Kelgembayeva B.B. , Kartaeva A.M. ,   S. Amanzholov East Kazakhstan University, Azretbergenova Zh.Zh. ,   S. Amanzholov East Kazakhstan University
Published: April 2023

The article considers the ways of effective use of critical thinking technology in teaching literary disciplines. The authors, referring to the works of the founders of the theory of critical thinking technology, emphasize the special role of this technology in the formation of the cognitive potential of a modern person. Using this technology, the teacher carefully tracks and studies changes in the consciousness of students, based on this, chooses teaching methods in accordance with the requests of students. According to the authors, this technology forms the student as a thoughtful and active participant in educational activities, capable of continuous self-education. Within the framework of the discipline «Theory of Literature and Aesthetics» of the 4th-year curriculum «Kazakh language and Literature», the ways of developing critical thinking among students are shown by the example of duet lectures, interactive practical classes and IWS. Attention is paid to the effective use of knowledge and competencies of graduate students in the history of Kazakhstan, philosophy and cultural studies. Through Group and independent tasks, the methods of analysis of the student's educational activity, the ability to draw conclusions, and lead to the creation of research are outlined. In the summary, the teacher proves that the task of the teacher is to lead the student to a scientific study of a literary problem, bringing to the fore the personal opinion and impressions of his student, his satisfied vision, and to form a scientifically based view of the student on this problem.
Spiritual and Moral Education of Students within the Framework of Teaching the Discipline “Fundamentals of Applied Arts”
Authors:   K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University, Кassenovа К.B. , Тaimanovа Z.B. ,   K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University
Published: April 2023

At present, during the period of complex socio-economic transformations in the Republic of Kazakhstan, scientific and pedagogical searches are increasingly being conducted to form the spiritual and moral qualities of students by strengthening the ethno-cultural heritage of the people. This allows you to fully understand and realize the values and heritage of the culture of the Kazakh people. It originates from the basics of arts and crafts. The situation with coronavirus has strengthened the role of information and remote technologies. However, it is worth highlighting the positive value of the possibilities of the Internet: access to in-depth study of the subject, comfortable conditions for obtaining information. Information technologies now allow not only conducting classes online, but also to take part in creative competitions, virtually visiting famous world museums - Louvre, Tretyakov Gallery, Vatican, watch cultural and historical films. The pedagogical experiment authors conducted made it possible to highlight the contradictions that arose in the study of the discipline “Fundamentals of arts and crafts” and its educational aspect in the formation of the spiritual and moral qualities of the student. Purpose of the study – conduct a pedagogical experiment on the formation of the spiritual and moral qualities of a student based on the content of the discipline “Fundamentals of arts and crafts”. Research methods: research of scientific-theoretical and methodological literature on the problem of this research; diagnostic techniques, blitz survey, direct observation. The final result was the development of a special training combination of methods, techniques and techniques in the discipline “Fundamentals of arts and crafts”, aimed at the formation of the spiritual and moral qualities of the student.
Historical Traditional and Geographical Factors in Connection of Kazakhs with Tashkent
Authors:   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kozhakuly O. , Askar A. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University
Published: April 2023

The theoretical and methodological basis, historiography and documentary basis of the political and economic relations of the Kazakh and Kokan peoples from the end of the 18th century to the 70s of the 19th century are presented in this research work. Historical, traditional and geographical factors, development of livestock, crops, and trade between Uly Yuz Kazakhs and the people of Tashkent are considered. The struggle of the Kazakh people for their independence and the position of the Kokan Khanate, the influence of Tsarist Russia on the Kazakh-Kokan relations in the first quarter of the 19th century, and the history of its conquest of Syr Bai, Zhetysu and South Kazakhstan are told. The political relationship between Russia and the Kokan Khanate and the famous rebellion of Sultan Sarzhan, the attitude of the Tashkent begs to it and the uprisings in the 20-50s of the 19th century, the role of the tax system in the social, socio-political relationship of the Kokan Khanate with the Kazakh people are analyzed. The influence of the colonial policy of the royal government on the khans at that time and the relations between the Kazakh khans and the rulers of Tashkent are shown. Tensions and conflicts between Kazakhs and Kokans were identified and reported. The history of Kazakhstan's relations with neighboring countries in the 18th-19th centuries is analyzed.
Reforms of Religious and Secular Education among the Turks of the Osman Empire and Russia in the late ХІХ – early ХХ centuries
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Dinasheva L.S. , Kattabekova N.K. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Zhakhangir Y. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University
Published: April 2023

The article examines the reformist tendencies in the education system of the Ottoman Empire and the Turkestan region during the period of royal power in the late 19th – early 20th centuries and conducts a comparative analysis. The scientific work studies the reforms and innovative directions of the Turkish and Russian Turks in the field of education in the specified period. The role of the ideology of pan-Islamism was very high in the development of religious education in the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Turks, in the formation of similarities and originality between them. Religious education is considered not only a cultural bridge between peoples, but also a unifying force of the Turkic peoples. At first, pan-Islamism was a concept based on religious culture and politics, where the unification of views and positions between states was allowed, then its content changed, and it acquired an educational character, promoting religious knowledge. At first, pan-Islamism was a concept based on religious culture and politics, where the unification of views and positions between states was allowed, then its content changed, and it acquired an educational character, promoting religious knowledge. Although pan-Islamism arose from the policy of unification of Muslim peoples, it was distinguished by a high level of relations between the Turkic peoples based on religious culture and education. The difference in religious education between the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Turks was small. All followed the same religion and religious direction and received education based on it. The promotion and instillation of religious knowledge by the Ottoman Empire to the Turks of Central Asia and the strengthening of the education of Russian Turks in the religious schools of the Ottoman Empire was one of the new reform movements.
Observer experience and Antarctic minke whale sighting ability in IWC/IDCR-SOWER surveys
Authors: Mori Mitsuyo , Butterworth Douglas S. , Brandao Anabela , Rademeyer Rebecca A. , Okamura Hiroshi , Matsuda Hiroyuki
Published: April 2023

The relationship between observer experience and the number of minke whale schools sighted on International Whaling Commission/International Decade of Cetacean Research-Southern Ocean Whale and Ecosystem Research (IWC/IDCR-SOWER) surveys from 1993/94 to 1998/99 is investigated for Independent Observer (IO) mode survey. Observer experience is defined as the number of past sightings surveys in which the observer participated. During the third circumpolar set of surveys (from 1991/92 onwards), about half of the observers had participated in fewer than five previous sightings surveys. Based upon the QAIC model selection criterion, the observers are classified into two groups depending on their experience: ‘Beginners’ (0-4 surveys) and ‘Experts’ ( > 4). The sighting rate for minke whale schools by Beginners is estimated to be 42% lower than that by Expert observers. Furthermore, perpendicular distances to the sightings do not show significant differences in relation to observer experience. These results jointly indicate that the probability of detection on the trackline, g(0), may be less than one when Beginners are amongst those observing. Abundance estimation for minke whales in IO mode involves the sightings made by triple observer combinations, with two observers in the barrel and one observer in the Independent Observer Platform (IOP) all searching simultaneously. Surprisingly, given the result above, no significant trend in sighting rate with the combined experience of this three-observer combination is detected. This might be an artifact of small sample size for some observer combinations, such as Experts in all platforms. When observer combinations in the barrel are pooled across, the estimated trend in the sighting rate with combined observer experience becomes steeper. Furthermore, when like-minke sightings are also taken into account, the trend becomes steeper still. In this case, when observations are pooled across observer combinations in the barrel, a model for sighting rate that includes an observer effect is selected in terms of the QAIC criteria. These analyses thus provide suggestive evidence that the introduction of Beginner observers during the third circumpolar set of surveys may have reduced g(0) and hence negatively biased abundance estimates for minke whales, both in absolute terms and compared with estimates from the second circumpolar set of surveys.
The effect of age and sex selective harvest patterns for baleen whales
Authors: Friday Nancy A. , Smith Tim D.
Published: April 2023

The taking of calves and females accompanied by calves is prohibited under the original and current forms of the Schedule of the International Whaling Commission. Proposed regulations under the Revised Management Scheme would reduce catch limits according to the proportion of females in the landings when females make up more than one-half of the landings. The implications of regulations on age, sex and reproductive status were explored by examining the relative impacts of baleen whale harvests with different age, sex and female reproductive status selectivity patterns using a matrix population model. The effects of 11 harvest patterns with varying selectivity for females and calves were measured by computing the fraction of the population that would have to be killed to reduce the growth rate of the population model to zero and the corresponding fraction of the population that would be landed (harvest fraction). The harvest impact per whale landed was measured for each selectivity pattern by expressing the harvest fraction as a percentage of the value of that fraction for a harvest random across age, sex and reproductive status. The harvest impacts per whale landed of the 11 patterns ranged from 64% greater to 29% lower than a random harvest. The patterns with the lowest harvest impact per whale landed were the pattern consistent with the IWC Schedule of prohibiting harvest of calves and females accompanied by calves, and the pattern of harvesting only calves. The harvest selectivity patterns which increased the vulnerability of females had the greatest impact. Relative to the IWC’s Revised Management Procedure, this increased female vulnerability was roughly compensated for by the decrease in catch limits as the proportion of females in the catches increased.
A Strike Limit Algorithm based on Adaptive Kalman Filtering with an application to aboriginal whaling of bowhead whales
Authors: Dereksdottir Eva Hlin , Magnusson Kjartan G.
Published: April 2023

A full and detailed description of a Strike Limit Algorithm (SLA) based on Adaptive Kalman Filtering techniques with an application to the Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort (B-C-B) Seas stock of bowhead whales is presented in this paper. Extended Kalman filters are used to estimate the present stock size and posterior probability distributions for MSY-rate (MSYR) and the pre-exploitation stock size K. A catch control law selected from a one-parameter family of such rules is then used on the conditional estimates of stock size. These conditional strike limits together with the posterior distributions of the various combinations of MSYR and K, give a cumulative distribution function for the strike limit. The eventual strike limit is then determined as a pre-specified percentile of this distribution. The SLA can be tuned to varying degrees of risk by the choice of the parameter characterising the catch control law and the percentile of the distribution for the strike limit. The procedure is tested on the Evaluation Trials set by the Standing Working Group on Aboriginal Whaling Management Procedures.
Reconstructing the population dynamics of eastern Pacific gray whales over the past 150 to 400 years
Authors: Witting Lars
Published: April 2023

Reconstructing the historic trajectory of the eastern North Pacific gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) is important for the understanding of whale population dynamics and for management of the hunt on the population. Interestingly, the density-regulated BALEEN II model (Punt, 1999) will generally not reconstruct the trajectory because it does not reconcile catch history and abundance data unless additional ad hoc hypotheses are added to the model. Here, an alternative model of inertial dynamics is used to estimate the population trajectory over the past 150 to 400 years. This model is a traditional density-regulated model with superimposed density-dependent changes in the intrinsic life history. Nine different versions of the model are examined and Bayesian assessments performed for the complete catch histories from 1600 and 1846. This reconciles the data, can explain an independent abundance estimate from 1885 and it predicts an over-compensatory population that has increased steadily above the equilibrium abundance for the last three decades. The model predicts that gray whale abundance will begin to decline in a more or less drastic manner in the near future.
The role of skin biopsy in the detection of exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals in Mediterranean cetaceans
Authors: Fossi M. Cristina , Marsili Letizia , Notarbartolo Di Sciara Giuseppe
Published: April 2023

Use of skin biopsy is proposed as a sensitive non-lethal technique for the hazard assessment of Mediterranean cetaceans exposed to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). EDCs are a structurally diverse group of compounds that may adversely affect the health of humans and wildlife or their progeny, by interaction with the endocrine system. In the Mediterranean environment top predators accumulate high concentrations of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs) and toxic metals, incurring high toxicological hazard. In this paper, the hypothesis that Mediterranean cetaceans are potentially at risk due to PHAH-EDCs is investigated using skin biopsy samples. Benzo-a-pyrene monoxigenase (BPMO) activity in skin biopsies was used as a potential indicator of exposure to different organochlorines (OCs) known to have endocrine disrupting properties. The main objective of this paper was to use this non-destructive ecotoxicological tool to define the potential hazard to Mediterranean odontocete and mysicete species, comparing the present data with values detected in other cetaceans from heavily polluted areas, affected by pseudohermaphroditism and other reproductive dysfunction. Subcutaneous tissue consisting of skin and blubber was obtained from striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba), bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) and fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) in the Mediterranean basin. Sampling was performed in the western Ligurian Sea, between Corsica and the French-Italian coast, and in the Ionian Sea. High concentrations of DDT metabolites and PCB congeners (known as Endocrine Disruptors) were detected in the different species. Significant differences in BPMO induction and OC levels were found between odontocetes and mysticetes. Differences in organochlorine bioaccumulation and consequently potential risk due to endocrine disruptors were primarily related to different positions in the marine food web. A statistical correlation was found between BPMO activity and organochlorine (op’DDT, a potent estrogen and antiandrogen and pp’DDE, a potent antiandrogen) levels in skin biopsy specimens of the endangered Mediterranean population of common dolphin. Several conclusions on the potential risk to Mediterranean cetaceans can be drawn from comparison of the levels of OC-EDs detected in Mediterranean odontocetes with those in white whales (Delphinapterus leucas) of the St Lawrence estuary and bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) affected by pseudohermaphroditism and other reproductive dysfunction. Finally, these results suggest that BPMO induction may be an early sign of exposure to EDCs such as OCs and a warning of the possibility of transgenerational effects through exposure of future generations via the placenta and milk.
Molecular analysis of the social and population structure of the franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei): conservation implications
Authors: Valsecchi E. , Zanelatto R. C.
Published: April 2023

Fifteen franciscanas, including four members of a putative social group, were genetically typed in order to: (1) obtain insights into the social organisation of this poorly known dolphin species; and (2) clarify its population sub-structure across the species range. Samples were screened for 10 nuclear markers (microsatellites) and sequenced for 269bp of the mitochondrial DNA control region. The results indicate that franciscana dolphins may travel in kin groups which might include, besides mothers with their calves or juvenile offspring, the fathers of the youngest group members. All four individuals from the presumed social group shared the same mitochondrial haplotype, suggesting that the social unit might be matrilineally structured. Comparative analyses of mitochondrial data available from a previous study of two adjacent populations (19 additional haplotypes) suggest the existence of at least three distinct populations. This population fragmentation, together with the relatively low genetic variability, suggests that the franciscana dolphin is a potentially vulnerable species, which may require some management effort to ensure its preservation. Consistent with a previous study, the population occupying the northernmost extremity of the species distribution range was found to be the least variable, most isolated, and therefore potentially the most vulnerable.
Influence of sea state on density estimates of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena)
Authors: Teilmann Jonas
Published: April 2023

A ship-based line transect survey was conducted in the Great Belt, Denmark, from 7-20 April 1994, covering an area of 705 linear kilometres. A total of 497 sightings were collected in sea state 0-3. A comparison of relative abundance stratified by sea state revealed that sea state had a significant effect on the estimated sighting rate, effective search width, density and abundance within sea state 0-3. However, no significant difference was found between sea state 2 and 3. Comparison of abundance estimates of the same area on two different days surveyed in sea state 0, revealed no significant difference. The relative abundance estimate was 1,526 harbour porpoises in sea state 0 within the surveyed area (326.2km2 ) based on the line transect method. This is the highest density of harbour porpoises (4.9 harbour porpoise/km2 ) reported in Europe. There is a strong indication that sea state has a significant effect on abundance estimation of harbour porpoises in ship-based conventional line transect surveys. This is important for future surveys in two ways: (1) the reliability of a comparison of abundance for different surveys strictly depends on the sea state in which the surveys were conducted; and (2) when estimating absolute abundance, effects of sea state should be explicitly addressed. One way is to separately analyse data from each sea state and apply a g(0) estimate for each sea state.
Strategic Determinants of Solar Energy Innovation Uptake in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors: Agandi Victor , Makau Godfrey
Published: April 2023

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the strategic determinants of solar energy innovation uptake in Nairobi City County, Kenya.

Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive research design. The entire population of the study therefore, comprised the 521 solar energy dealers registered with Electrical and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (EPRA) as at May 2021 categorised as (technicians (214) and contractors (307) solar energy dealers from which 156 dealers sample size was taken through mixed methods before self-administered survey questionnaires were given for collecting the primary data. Secondary data was also reviewed from county government, EPRA and others sources publishing on solar energy regulations and market trends. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was also used to aid in analysis. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used to analyze the data that had been obtained. The data was presented in form of tables.

Findings: The study established that in terms of ranking, technological factors are strongest in explain solar innovations uptake in Kenya followed by the solar innovation product/service quality factors and organizational factors with environmental factors emerging least critical. It therefore recommends various administrative, legislative and further academic research actions to promote green marketing strategy as a best practice continuous improvement strategic management practice, encourage consumption of eco-friendly solar products and mitigate over adverse effects of solar energy technology equipment after their end of life and more research to understand why environmental factors emerged to have least influence and hence unpack some complexities that this study was unable to establish.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study was anchored on institutional theory. The study recommended that a similar national level studies be undertaken and with more stakeholders involved. In so doing, opinions of more Kenyans regarding the future of solar innovations adoption and utilization could be explored within the green marketing strategy concept. Generally, the study provides the necessary information for the Government of Kenya and other stakeholders in determining the future of solar PV energy uptake strategic determinants and green marketing strategy ramifications in the country.
Artificial Intelligence’s Aid in Diagnosing Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Thoguluva Prisha , Appavu Dr. Rajagopalan
Published: April 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a brain disorder that gradually destroys memory and thinking skills and is the most common cause of dementia among older adults. AD results from the progressive degeneration of brain cells and can affect the ability of people to carry out simple tasks. AD is extremely hard for clinicians to detect and understand because an accurate diagnosis of the disease is possible only through an autopsy after the death of an affected patient. Artificial Intelligence, referring to the ability of a computer to simulate human tasks, shows great potential in helping clinicians better understand a patient's brain condition and spot and analyze brain deformity. This paper explores how Artificial Intelligence can revolutionize Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis and proposes a diagnosis roadmap for doctors to use when assessing a patient’s brain health.
Effectiveness and safety of pharmacotherapy in elderly patients. Short Review
Authors: Bezrukov Vladislav , Kuprash Liana , Kuprash Olena , Gudarenko Svitlana
Published: April 2023

Elderly patients are characterized by the presence of several diseases at once (polymorbidity). This is due to the simultaneous appointment of several drugs (polypharmacy) to such patients. But at the same time, polypharmacy reduces the effectiveness of treatment and increases the risk of adverse reactions. Therefore, it is extremely important to select drugs individually in compliance with the indications and contraindications for their appointment, to take into account the interaction of drugs and the possibility of the drug's influence on concomitant pathology, to use only proven effectiveness and safety drugs, to guide by Beer's criteria, to unexceed the recommended doses, to include in complex therapy metabolic drugs to optimize elderly patients drug therapy.

Keywords: elderly patients; geriatrics; pharmacotherapy; polymorbidity; polypharmacy; Beers criteria
Teoria do solucionismo tecnológico: perspectivas educacionais Pós Covid-19
Authors: Peres Junior Aparecido Cardoso
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo teve por objetivo apresentar a Teoria do Solucionismo Tecnológico e como ele se comporta diante da conjuntura educacional perante a realidade da Educação a Distância (EaD).

Foi apresentado um gráfico no qual denota que o EaD, no Brasil será um dos meios educacionais mais aceitos e difundidos, ultrapassando a educação presencial, e por conta destes dados a Teoria do solucionismo tecnológico: perspectivas educacionais pós covid-19 se fez necessária. O artigo se pautou na metodologia de estudo qualitativa com revisão bibliográfica em renomados autores da educação e no CEPAL UNESCO: La educación en tiempos de pandemia de Agosto de 2020, concluindo que o sistema educacional precisou e precisa se reinventar diuturnamente no quesito tecnológico, se adaptar e aceitar as atribuições tecnicistas, pois, esta será uma das principais formas de atingir alguns grupos de estudantes, em muitas esferas, assim, a Teoria do Solucionismo Tecnológico no Sistema Educacional se aporta validando partes das concepções de Morozov (2020).

Embasado nesses pressupostos e no crescimento desenfreado da tecnologia e na pandemia do Covid-19 que assolou o mundo, o sistema educativo precisou adaptar alguns princípios, premissas nas quais este artigo se justificou. Este escrito se destinou a todos os profissionais da educação, elucidando e orientando acerca desta metodologia educacional que está iminente, haja vista que a tecnologia sempre se fez presente no cotidiano da sociedade, mas a partir da Pandemia do Covid-19 a tecnologia se fez ainda mais como solucionadora de muitos problemas, principalmente na educação.