bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differences in Serum Creatinine Levels in Controlled and Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Esya Yuliana  , Angki Purwanti  , Tri Presetyorini
Published: November 2024

Diabetes Mellitus is in the top 10 causes of death in the world. Indonesia ranks 5th out of 10 countries in the number of diabetes mellitus sufferers in adults aged 20-79 years. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is the most common type of Diabetes Mellitus. Examination of the HbA1c value is the gold standard examination for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. In PERKENI 2021, the risk of suffering from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus increases with increasing age and it is recommended to screen for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the age of > 40 years. The second most common complication of Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia is nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy is the main cause of end-stage renal failure which is the 5th stage of chronic renal failure. Examination of creatinine in the blood is an important parameter to determine kidney function. The aim of this study was to determine the average difference between serum creatinine levels in controlled and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus. This research was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus sufferers without Chronic Kidney Failure from medical records at Hospital X in Jakarta in January-December 2023. The research data consisted of 368 respondents. The result was p-value = 0.688. The conclusion of this study is that there is no difference in mean between serum creatinine levels in controlled and uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus sufferers. Furthermore, research can be carried out using respondents with a duration of Diabetes Mellitus ≥ 10 year.
Case Study : Nursing Care for Schizophrenia Patients with Low Self-Esteem at RSJ Prof HB. Saanin Padang
Authors: Yudistira Afconneri  , Elza Putri Aprilia  , Yulastri  , Yulvi Hardoni
Published: November 2024

Low self-esteem is a negative symptom in schizophrenia patients, where clients experience negative feelings toward themselves and others, leading to feelings of worthlessness and hopelessness. Without intervention, this condition can result in social isolation. This study aims to provide nursing care for schizophrenia patients with low self-esteem issues at RSJ Prof. HB. Saanin Padang in 2024. The research method used is a single case descriptive study with a case study approach. Nursing care was conducted from May 29 to June 4, involving one participant with low self-esteem issues. Data was collected through interviews, direct measurement, and observation. The assessment results indicated that the client frequently felt worthless, with a diagnosis of chronic low self-esteem. The intervention included behavior management over six days through activities such as making the bed, sweeping, and folding blankets. After implementation, there was an improvement in self-esteem, eye contact, and the ability to choose activities. Conclusion : Clients with low self-esteem benefit from social support. Recommended : The hospital is expected to maintain the existing interventions, and future researchers are encouraged to focus their implementation strategies on schizophrenia clients with low self-esteem.
Deteksi Anemia dan Edukasi Gizi Remaja
Authors: Thaariq Nurul Aziza Ath , Nadira Nindy Audia , Sandra Yuanita , Hidayati Wahyuni NS
Published: November 2024

Stunting is a chronic malnutrition issue resulting from prolonged inadequate nutrient intake, and adolescents, as future parents, play a crucial role in its prevention. Data from the Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) surveys in 2007, 2013, and 2018 show a rising trend in anemia prevalence among adolescents. In 2018, 32% of adolescents in Indonesia were anemic, and in 2017, the prevalence in West Sumatra was 18.1%. Hemoglobin (Hb) testing is a vital method for early anemia detection. Additionally, providing nutritional education to teenage girls is essential for addressing anemia. This community service project aimed to detect anemia and offer nutritional education to teenage girls as a stunting prevention strategy. Conducted at SMA Negeri 12 Padang, the project involved Hb testing and nutritional education. Results revealed that 12% of 12th-grade female students were anemic. Nutritional education improved their knowledge, with average scores increasing from 19.97 before the intervention to 26.92 afterward. In conclusion, Hb testing and nutritional education are effective for early anemia detection and enhancing nutritional knowledge, crucial for preventing stunting.
THE EFFECT OF ASPIRIN AND TICLOPIDINE ON LIVER FUNCTION TEST IN RATS
Authors: Stanojević Z. , Mitić R. , Bukumirić Z. , Bursać M. , Baščarević S. , Rašić J.
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of aspirin and ticlopidine, administered alone and in combination, on liver function parameters. The experiment was conducted on white laboratory rats, type Wistar. Thirty-two rats were divided in four groups and they recived one of the following treatments for 4 days: group I, control, saline (1 ml/kg, i.p.); group II, aspirin (50 mg/kg/day i.p.); group III, ticlopidine (125 mg/kg/day i.p.) and group IV, aspirin+ticlopidine combination (50 mg/kg/day+125 mg/kg/day i.p.). After the treatment the animals were anaesthetised with ether and blood for further analyses was taken by cardiopunction. The total cholesterol serum level was significantly increased only in ticlopidine group in comparison to control (p<0.01).Also, the serum activity of alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin concentration were significantly elevated only in ticlopidine treated group (p<0.001). Serum AST and ALT activities were not significantly elevated in all treating groups. On basis of the obtained results it can be noticed that the values of liver function parameters are greater in group treated with ticlopidine than in group treated with ticlopidine and aspirin combination.
"HEVY DISEASE" IN METOHIA, KOSH
Authors: Čukić G.
Published: November 2024

Acute louse born typhus is a nightmare to which our scientific medicine have provided significant importance.
Doctors in former Yugoslavia deem that the louse born typhus was rooted in Bosnia and Herzegovina from long time ago,
while in Serbia were individual cases without areas with pediculosis before the First World War, and there were no cases of
body pediculosis in villages. The author conducts medical, but also historical and linguistical research in order of collecting
data on louse borne typhus cases through information on causes of death written in death certificates. The research was done in more phases. The citizens were tested through questionnaires at the area of lower prevalence of louse borne typhus (only sero-positive cases); then at the area of higher prevalence (population through random sample). Contact with R. Prowazeki was established through sensitive serological method. In the final step, the popular name for typhus syndrome was checked - that is, if that name has been written into the death certificate. The objective of the research is to check if there were cases of louse borne typhus in the area of Metohia, and that was done through checking the death certificates. The author proves the endemics of the disease through explicit and implicit use of the name for the louse borne typhus during 1914 to 1935. This empirical check is the basis for the future researches of earlier endemic of louse borne typhus, this time through checking older documents from the used death certificates, which is kept in the archive of Serbia, town of Kotor, and other places. 
LASEROTHERAPY IN THERAPY OF GONARTHROSIS
Authors: Minić S.
Published: November 2024

Gonarthrosis is the most frequent artropathy of knee.The second joint of frequency and localisation osteorthrosis after joint of haunch. In complexive therapy of gonarthrosis, exept the medical therapy, important place has physical therapy
or special laser-therapy. 78 patients, where tested with a primary and secondary gonarthrosis, 19 men, and 59 women. They were all hospitalised on Rheumatology department of Internal Clinic of Clinical and Hospital Centre in Pri{tina. By objective using of parameters we show that, laser is a very important modern expedient on clinical results for gonarthrosis (volume of joint, volume of movements, muscle strength, and on the first pain, pain in static positions, pain in moving and night pain). It is seen that all values got by laserotherapy are statistically high significiant. During the use, of laserotherapy, the medical therapy was included.
SPECIFIC OCULAR FINDINGS ATPATIENTS ON DIALYSIS
Authors: Jakšić V. , Mirković M. , Žorić L. , Vukša D. , Stamenković D.
Published: November 2024

Ocular changes at the patients on dialysis are numerous but unique,too. They are caused by primary end-stage renal disease, influence of dialysing itself and regular co-morbid condition. Purpose of this study is to indicate specific ocular finding among patients who are on dialysis. This prospective study assessed 81 patients on regular, chronic dialysis. They underwent complete ophthalmologic examination. The most common findings were the following: conjunctival calcification (53 eyes), cataract (43 eyes) and retinal microangio-pathies(atherosclerotic, hypertensive and occlusive-in total 168 eyes). All findings mentioned above were statistically significant (p<0. 001) regarding to normal population. Ophthalmologist must be familiar with those abnormalities what is necessary for pointing out on special systemic co-morbid condition at the patients on dialysis.
INITIAL RESULTS OF BICARBONATE HAEMODIALYSIS TREATMENT IN DIALYSIS CENTER IN KOSOVSKA MITROVICA INITIAL RESULTS OF BICARBONATE HAEMODIALYSIS TREATMENT IN DIALYSIS CENTER IN KOSOVSKA MITROVICA
Authors: Stolić R. , Radosavljević S. , Jovanović A. , Perić V. , Sovtić S. , Stolić D. , Novaković T. , Šubarić-Gorgieva G.
Published: November 2024

Haemodialysis, as a drastic medical procedure, needs a modern technology for performing of qualitative depurative process. Trying to imitate a function of healthy kidneys, it provides survival without one vital organ. The aim of the study was a qualitative estimation by comparing laboratory and clinical parameters of one-year haemodialysis treatment with different dialysis methods. In all patients treated with chronicle haemodialysis in Dialysis Centre in Kosovaska Mitrovica, we performed a set of laboratory analyses, recorded hepatotrophic viruses and determined a quality of haemodialysis by the degree of urea elimination. There are 16 patients on chronicle haemodialysis, 11 female (68,75%) and 5 male (31,25); mean age, 52,46±16,89 years, mean time on dialysis was 58±51,835. An increase of hemoglobin concentration was correlated with bicarbonate heamodialysis initiation. (61,692±19,405 vs. 75.466±13,814; p=0,038). Cholesterol (5,32±1,522 vs. 4,34± 1,006; p=0,0481) and inorganic phosphorus (1,427±0,2327 vs. 1,692±0,260; p=0,0056) are biochemical factors that are in a reverse correlation with bicarbonate haemodialysis in our patients. The degree of urea elimination as a measure for haemodialysis adequacy was statistically significant indicator of an adequate dialysis and was correlated with bicarbonate haemodialysis initiation (t=8,571; df=1; p=0,0389)
THE INFLUENCE OF KALIUM LEVEL FOR BEGINING CARDIAC ARRHYTMIAS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Vujačić N.
Published: November 2024

Hypokaliaemia can be cause for beginning cardiac arrhythmias in patients with acute myocardial infarction. The aim of this investigation is to determine correlation between kalium level in serum and cardiac arrhythmias and conveying, to note down in first 24 hours in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Patients in this study attended in department of Internal medicine(coronary department ) in hospital in Health center in Kosovska Mitrovica.In this prospective study for one years we analyzed 110 patients with diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. We found that cardiac arrhythmias represented in the most noumber of patients in the first 24 hours from receiving in hospital- 83,63%.The patients have had the more noumber of complex VES(20,91%),SVT(18,18%) than other cardiac arrhythmias in the first 24 hours from their received in the hospital. The low level of kalium have note down in 9,09% patients. The comlex VES have represented in patients with low level of kalium as VF. In the presence of kalium level under the 4,0 the risk for ventricular arrhythmias is higher.SVT have had in 20% patients with acute myocardial infarction,SVB in 10%,SVES in 16%,VF in 7% patients with normal kalium level in serum as branch block and AV-block I, II, III degree. Hypokaliaemia have influence on represence of VES and VF, but have not influence on represence of supraventricular arrhythmias and the disorders of conveying.
COMPARATIVE ANALISYS OF ANALISYS OF HEALTH SURVEYS
Authors: Mirković M. , Ćorac A. , Vukotić M. , Đurić S. , Živorad R. , Biserka V.
Published: November 2024

One of aims of health surveys is comparison helth status of residents on different territories. Comparative analysis оf health surveys in five countries: (England, USA, Ireland, Canada and Hungary) and establish opportunities for comparison health status of residents in different country. Will be doing comparative analysis of results from health surveys in five quoted country. First of all, will be doing comparison of methods and derived results. Specially, will be notice on determinants of health which are applied in surveys. Methodology which was used is, mainly, similar in all country. Its health state like a best describes residents of USA. There are most smokers among Hungarians (30,5%) and least of all among Americans (17%). There are most obeses among residents of England (23,1%) and least of all among Canadians (15%). Most Americans and Hungarians (85%) visited general practitioners in recent year. Questions about limited mobility, depression, mental health, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, blood pressure, fisical activity, mammography, prescribe medicine, estimation quality of health care service and satisfaction with health care service there isn't in most of surveys. We can conclude that the methodology, which was used in surveys, is mainly similar. There are, obviously, variances in wording questions, respecting in determinants of health wich are exploratives in questionnaires. In order to escape these variances, one of the solution would have been using standardized questionnaires, which will be using in future surveys in all country.
CRANIOMANDIBULAR DYSFUNCTION - FREQUENCY SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Authors: Todić J. , Lazić D. , Mitić A. , Radosavljević R. , Gligorijević N.
Published: November 2024

Craniomandibular dysfunction are serious problem in stomatological practise from the aspect of prevention therapy and checkup. The frequency of this defect as well as its sings and symptoms were registered within randomly selected sample of examinees consisting of 70 individuals. The examinees were submitted to Fricton-Schiffman clinical function analysis wich indicated the presence of sings and symptoms of craniomandibular dysfunction. Within examined population 128 examinees had the sings and symptoms of craniomandibular dysfunction. It was determined in demographic analysis that diseased examinees were between the ages of 17 and 35 as well as that this sickness was commoner to female individuals in the ratio of 4:1. The most frequent symptoms were the following: muscles pain sensitivity to palpation (888%) lateral deformation of the lower jaw while opening the mouth (778%) and sound signals in temporomandibular joint while moving the lower jaw (77%). The highest frequency of pain sensitivity was in: m. pterigoideus lateralis m. maseter and lower insertion of m. trapesius. The most frequent sound signal was the one registered during the lateral movements of the lower jaw
THE IMPORTANCE OF EARLY WARNING SCORE IN PREDICTING IN-HOSPITAL CARDIAC ARREST
Authors: Sovtić S. , Radosavljević S. , Milenković S. , Srbljak N. , Stolić R. , Perić V. , Marčetić Z. , Novaković T.
Published: November 2024

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the predominant cause of morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy is a major cardiovascular risk factor in hemodialysis patients.The present study was aimed at assessing the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy by doppler echocardiography in hemodialysis patients. Methods: We studied 20 patients on maintenance hemodialysis in Dialysis Centre in Kosovska Mitrovioca. LV mass was measured by both Doppler echocardiography. Left ventricular mass was estimated by the modified formula using measure2 ments obtained in accordance with the Penn convention. Left ventricular mass was divided by body surface area in m to obtain the left ventricular mass index. Results:This clinical observation study involved 20 patients (9 males and 11 females) with end-stage renal diseases undergoing maintenance hemodialysis with a mean age of 55,26 years, mean time on dialysis was 38,74 months. Main causes for developing chronic renal failure was arterials hypertension and polycystic kidney. Arterial hypertension (60%), diabetes mellitus (20%) and hyperholesterolemia (10%), were the most frequent risk factors for cardiovascular disease among the dialysis patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy were detected in 14 (70%) patients. Mean left ventricular mass wass 153,62g/m2 (males), and 142,71 g/m2 (females). To conclude, the present study shows that hemodialysis patients have higher left ventricular mass and higher prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy.
REGISTRATION OF MOTOR UNITS ACTION POTENTIALS OF M.BICEPS BRACHII IN FATIGUE
Authors: Popadić Gaćeša J. , Biševac B. , Barak O. , Karaba Jakovljević D. , Ivetić V.
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study was registration of change in the amplitude of motor unit action potentials of m. bicepsa brachii of the dominant arm in fatigue. Investigation as coducted on 30 participants (15 male and 15 female). In the first phase of the research, 1-RM (one repetition maximum) of the dominant arm was measured. In the second phase, registration of changes in the amplitude of motor units action potentials was conducted during static contraction. Registration was performed twice, with time interval of 15 minutes. The second measurement was significantly shorter than the first. Analysis of EMNG-registration showed linear increase in MUAPamplitude in time. Significantly higher values of MUAPamplitude in the second measurements were registrated in both groups (p<0.05). Analysis of MUAPamlitude velocity change showed significantly higher values in the second measurement in males. There is no significant change in all registered values between males and females (p> 0.05).
ORGANOPHOSPHOROUS INSECTICIDE POISONING - EMERGENCY TREATMENTS IN THE CLINIC HOSPITAL - BITOLA
Authors: Radivojević V. , Radivojević S.
Published: November 2024

Organophosphates are famous insecticides which are often used as suicide venoms in Bitola's surrounding. When treating such patients you should gastric washing, keep the airways clear, give Atropin until fully atropinized, give symptomatic therapy. All patients need to be hospitalized. The treatment for this kind of patients is finalized with a psichyatric observation.
ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR DYSPLASIA IN CHILDHOOD: DIAGNOSIS, PROGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
Authors: Šulović Lj. , Jovanović I. , Đukić M. , Parezanović V. , Vukomanović G.
Published: November 2024

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) is a myocardial disease, often familial, that is characterised pathologically by fibrofatty replacement of the right ventricular myocardium, and clinically by ventricular arrhythmias of right ventricular origin which may lead to sudden death, mostly in young people and athletes. The term "dysplasia" was originally used to describe an entity that was considered to be the result of a developmental defect of the right ventricular myocardium.
HYPERPROLACTINEMIA IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE WITH DISORDERS OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE
Authors: Uskoković T. , Ljušić D. , Nikolov A.
Published: November 2024

Hyperprolactinemia is the most common hypothalamic-pituitary axial disorder which is found in clinical practice. Increased level of prolactin, regardless of the cause, results in disorder of gonadal function and infertility, while normalization of the level of prolactin is associated with establishment of normal gonadal function and fertility. Establishment of the correct diagnosis is a great significance, because it is possible to normalize the level of prolactin and establish normal function of ovaries in more than 90% cases with specific therapy. The objective of the work is to study concentration of prolactin in each phase of menstrual cycle, its impact (influence) on FSH, LH and E2, as well as the influence of hyperprolactinemia on the rhythm of menstrual cycle. The study has encompassed 150 of women in reproductive period, from 18-40 years of age. The control group includes 50 of women, and there are 100 of women with menstrual cycle disorders (oligomenorrhea, polymenorrhea and secondary amenorrhea) which causes hyperprolactinemia. The turnout of hyperprolactinemia in causes the disorders of menstrual cycle (oligomenorrhea, polymenorrhea, amenorrhea) is 83%, on the basis of the results, wich demonstrates a serious problem and justifies a scientific study.
OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: Mirković M. , Jakšiċ V. , Vukša D. , Stamenković D. , Bulajić S. , Petković Z. , Elek S.
Published: November 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic multisistemic disease of an unknown cause characterised by persistens inflammatory synovitis which results in destruction cartilage and bone erosions. RA is a systemic disease with various out of joint manifestations of different clinical importance, among which rheumatoid knots, rheumatoid vasculitis, pleuropulmonal and ophthalmological manifestations are the most prominent ones. The most frequent changes of the eye in patients with RA are keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), episcleritis and scleritis and ulcerous keratitis. Out of 70 examined patients, 52 (74.3%) are female, and 18 (25.7%) of male sex (ratio 4:1), average age 56.47. In 18 (25.71%) RA diseased patients eye changes found are as folows: secondary Sjögren syndrom, that is keratoconjunctvitis sicca in 18.57%, only in female patients, episcleritis nodosa and scleritis in 4.29%; 2.86% in male and 1.43% female patients and ulcerous keratitis in 2.86% RA diseased patients. 
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF ZINC PREPARATION ON GLYCEMIA AND ANTIOXIDANT PARAMETERS IN EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED DIABETIC RABBITS
Authors: Stanojević Z. , Mitić R. , Stanić M. , Miletić M. , Valjarević D. , Hadžistević S. , Dejanović M.
Published: November 2024

Researches with micronutrients are getting more and more important in science and also in practice. In this view zinc, chromium, copper and selenium are having a special role in preventing micro- and macrovascular diabetic complications, as integral components of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) and also as cofactor of enzymes and hormones involved in the metabolism of glucose and lipid. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects different doses of zinc on glycemia and parameters of antioxidative defense: superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant status (TAS), and correlation glycoregulation with antioxidant system of the alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. The study was conducted on fourteen New Zealand rabbits of both sexes, weighing 2 to 3.5 kg. Experimental diabetes was induced in rabbits by intravenous injection of alloxan (80 mg /kg BW). Three weeks after induced experimental diabetes, rabbits were treated orally appropriate doses of chelated zinc: I dose - 15 mg, after a washout period (10 t ), II dose - 25 mg, af- 1/2 ter a washout period, III dose - 50 mg. Blood samples were taken at specific time intervals: before alloxan induced diabetes, after alloxan induced diabetes, after application the first dose of 15 mg of zinc, after application of a second dose of 25 mg of zinc, after application of third dose of 50 mg of zinc. The zinc preparation did not cause a statistically significant reduction in serum glucose level when administered in single doses 15, 25 and 50 mg in experimentally induced diabetic rabbits. However, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly increased after single dose preparations of zinc at a dose 15 mg (p<0,05), 25 mg (p<0,001) and 50 mg (p<0,001) in relation to the activity recorded before the application of zinc. Also, after the application first, second, and than third dose of zinc in diabetic rabbits was recorded statistically significant increase of TAS in relation to the value recorded before the application of zinc (p<0,001). Glucose concentrations negatively correlated with superoxide dismutase activity. This indicates that oral application of zinc preparation can reduce the harmful effects of oxidative stress in diabetes.
EFFECT OF ACUTE POISONING WITH ORGANOPHOSPHATE COMPOUNDS ON HYDROELECTROLITIC AND ACIDE-BASE STATUS OF CHILDREN'S
Authors: Drmončić-Putica J. , Živković J.
Published: November 2024

Acute organophosphate (ÎÐ) poisoning is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children especially in the developing countries. Published studies work have been reported on acute childhood poisoning has focused mainly on the epidemiological trends, with little information about alteration in electrolitic and acid-base equilibrium and other disturbance and on the management of the poisoned children. Hypovolaemia, electrolyte derangements and acidosis are major predisposing factors for development of complications. Metabolic acidosis is one of the major causes of death in patients poisoned with OPC acutely. We suggest that children's with acute OPC poisoning should be screened for electrolyte and metabolic acidosis with blood gas analysis.
DEMOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL VARIATIONS IN THE OCCURRENCE OF PEPTIC ULCER - TRENDS OVER A TEN-YEAR PERIOD
Authors: Vojinović Aleksandra , Milosavljević Tomica , Miličić Biljana
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Peptic ulcer is a chronic recurrent disease of the gastrointestinal tract, which most often occurs as gastric or duodenal ulcer. Peptic ulcer is characterized by certain geographical and temporal trends.

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of gastric and duodenal ulcers among subjects who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS) endoscopy due to dyspeptic complaints, as well as to analyze the trend of ulcer disease over a period of 10 years.

Material and Methods: The data of a total of 4074 subjects with an average age of 54.53 ± 15.03 years, both sexes, 1841 men and 2233 women, who underwent EGDS in 2005 and 2015 calendar years were retrospectively analyzed. Results: This study showed that the trend of ulcer disease significantly decreased in the observed ten-year period, accompanied by concomitant decrease in the prevalence of duodenal ulcers, while the frequency of gastric ulcers retained approximately at the same level. The results showed that men were at greater relative risk than women for the development of duodenal ulcers, in both calendar years. In the ten-year period, the average age of patients with ulcer disease increased by about 4 years, especially in the group with duodenal ulcer, and particularly within women with duodenal ulcer. Compared to 2005, the average age of subjects undergoing EGDS in 2015 increased by about 2 years, regardless of whether or not they were diagnosed with ulcer disease.

Conclusions: In the period 2005 - 2015, the age of patients with peptic ulcer tended to increase, whilst the prevalence of ulcer disease, especially duodenal ulcer, has decreased. The relative risk for duodenal ulcer in men was higher than in women. 
KAWASAKI DISEASE
Authors: Anđelić Slađana
Published: November 2024

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, self-limited vasculitis of unknown etiology that occurs predominantly in children under the age of 5 years. In addition to the progress of modern medicine, the cause of KD is currently unknown and specific diagnostic tests for definitive diagnosis does not exist. The differential-diagnostic enigma is the exclusion of other diseases with similar clinical features. The primary treatment in the acute phase of KD is intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA/aspirin). There is not a recommendation to a uniform therapeutic approach in refractory KD. The role of corticosteroids is still controversial, but there are studies that support its use as adjuvant treatment. Most patients have a good prognosis. The focus of future research should be the formulation of new algorithms for detection, differential diagnostic triage and treatment of KD. 
Use of intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of severe COVID‐19 in the Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital intensive care unit, Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Mensky G , Van Blydenstein A , Damelin J , Omar S
Published: November 2024

Background. COVID‐19 infection has a variable clinical presentation, with a small subgroup of patients developing severe disease, requiring intensive care with mechanical ventilation, with an increased mortality rate. South Africa (SA) has experienced multiple waves of this pandemic, spanning the pre‐vaccine and vaccine periods. The method and initiation of treatment is a debated topic, changing according to evolving research and the literature. The present study investigated the use of high‐dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) as a salvage therapy after initial medical treatment failure.
Objectives. To compare disease progression among critically ill COVID‐19 pneumonia patients receiving IVIg therapy with that in patients receiving standard of care (SoC), in respect of inflammation, organ dysfunction and oxygenation.
Methods. This was a single‐centre, retrospective study of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, SA, during the pre‐vaccine COVID‐19 pandemic. Demographics, inflammatory markers (C‐reactive protein (CRP)), organ function (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score), oxygenation (ratio of partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood to fraction of inspiratory oxygen (P/F ratio)), overall mortality and complications (nosocomial infections and thromboembolism) were recorded and compared.
Results. We included 113 eligible patients in the study. The IVIg cohort had a significantly lower initial P/F ratio than the SoC cohort (p=0.01), but the change in P/F ratio was similar (p=0.54). Initial CRP and changes in CRP were similar in the two groups (p=0.38 and p=0.75, respectively), as were initial SOFA score and changes in SOFA score (p=0.18 and p=0.08, respectively) and vasopressor dose on day 0 and day 5 (p=0.97 and p=0.93, respectively). Duration of mechanical ventilation did not differ significantly between the IVIg group and the SoC group (p=0.13). There were no significant differences in measured complications between the two groups. On univariate analysis, the relative risk of death was 1.6 times higher (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1 ‐ 2.3) in the IVIg group; however, a logistical regression model demonstrated that only a higher P/F ratio (odds ratio (OR) 0.991; 95% CI 0.983 ‐ 0.997) and higher mean airway pressure (OR 1.283; 95% CI 1.026 ‐ 1.604) were significantly associated with ICU mortality.
Conclusion. Use of IVIg in our study was directed at an older population, with significantly worse oxygenation. We found no evidence of adverse effects of immunoglobulin therapy; however, we found no benefit either. Only the P/F ratio and mean airway pressure independently predicted ICU mortality.
Karas ir kultūra: Lietuvos teatras nacių okupacijos laikotarpiu
Authors: Pukelytė Ina
Published: November 2024

Monografija "Karas ir kultūra: Lietuvos teatras nacių okupacijos laikotarpiu" rekonstruoja Lietuvos teatrų veiklas nacių kolonizavimo politikos kontekste, apibūdina Lietuvos kultūros politikos siekinius karo laikotarpiu. Monografija išryškina ne tik teatro procesus, vykusius valstybės ir savivaldybių išlaikomuose teatruose, bet ir atskleidžia platų spektrą tik karo metams būdingų scenos meno veiklų, tokių kaip varjetė, šiupiniai, fronto teatras. Karo metu vykusių teatro procesų tyrimas leidžia dabartiniam skaitytojui geriau suvokti ir įvertinti Lietuvos kultūros ir teatro procesų vyksmą sudėtingu virsmo (dviejų viena po kitos sekusių okupacijų) laikotarpiu, daryti prielaidas, kaip būtų vysčiusis Lietuvos kultūra, jeigu Lietuva nebūtų išgyvenusi antrosios sovietinės okupacijos. Monografijoje išsamiai pristatomas iki šiol netyrinėto karo metų laikotarpio teatras.
The reform of administrative detention in Italy: A “declaration of war” to irregular migrants and asylum seekers
Authors: Agnella Costanza , Celoria Eleonora
Published: November 2024

Dating back to Italy’s first comprehensive immigration law in the 1990s, the practice of detaining irregular migrants has served various explicit and implicit purposes, both practical and symbolic. Two decrees passed in 2023, under the far-right government of Giorgia Meloni, were explicitly framed as responses to the increasing number of migrants arriving at the borders. The aim of these decrees was to prolong the detention of asylum seekers and irregular migrants, with the stated aim of increasing returns. However, despite these measures, available data suggests that the capacity of detention centres has not increased significantly, and the rate of returns has remained stable. Against this backdrop, this article seeks to explore the explicit and implicit functions of detention by examining recent reforms and publicly available quantitative data obtained through a request under Italy’s Freedom of Information Act. It suggests that whilst detention serves practical purposes for a minority of migrants, its symbolic role in conveying state sovereignty and strict border control is equally important.
Effect of Different Micronutrients on the Growth of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) cv. Salem
Authors: Gawit Pranil A. , Mali P. C. , Gajbhiye R. C. , Dalvi N. V. , Khobragade N. H.
Published: November 2024

The present investigation entitled “Performance of different micronutrients on the growth and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) cv. Salem produced by pro tray method.” was conducted during the year 2023-2024 at AICRP, on Spices, Asond Block, Central Experimental Station, Wakavali, Dapoli, Dist- Ratnagiri (M.S.), India. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design with nine treatment namely T1: Control (RDF: 200:50:150 kg NPK ha-1), T2: Foliar spray of ZnSO4@ 0.5%, T3: Foliar spray ZnSO4 @ 0.75%, T4: Foliar spray of Borax @ 0.2%, T5: Foliar spray of Borax @ 0.3%, T6: Foliar spray MnSO4 @ 0.25%, T7: Foliar spray of MnSO4 @ 0.5%, T8: Foliar spray of FeSO4 @ 0.3%, T9: Foliar spray of FeSO4@ 0.4% and each treatment was replicated three times. The observations were recorded at 30 days interval at 60, 90, 120 and 150 days after transplanting.
The results obtained from the present experiment revealed that application of RDF + Foliar spray of ZnSO4 @ 0.75 % showed overall best results in growth characters at 150 Days after transplanting like Plant height (81.97 cm), leaf length (56.11 cm), leaf width (16.56cm), number of leaves (15.56) and number of tillers (3.5). Thus, from the results obtained, it can be concluded that application of RDF + Foliar Spray of ZnSO4 @ 0.75 % was the most effective for maximizing the growth parameters of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) under Konkan agro- climatic conditions.
Consequences of Herders - Farmers Conflict on Food Security in Nigeria: A Review of Literatures on Nigeria 2016-2022
Authors: Ogbinyi Odey Joseph , Uche Emmanuel , Ebi Ngoro Oscar
Published: November 2024

This article examines the consequences of herders- farmers conflict on food security in Nigeria. Herders and farmers conflict has been disastrous and has caused social, political and economic unrest on both the farmers and the herdsmen. The clash between the herdsmen and farmers has placed Nigeria as country of "hotbed" for her citizens to rest on. This conflict has threatened food production, peace and economic activities especially in the rural where the conflict has it grip on. It is pertinent to state that for a society to survive, there is need for the provisions of basic societal needs. This needs are security, peace, economic development, shelter and food. Overtime the Nigerian state has been faced with debilitating and cancerous issues of insecurity, which has affected every strata of human existence. Fulani herders and farmers conflict has posed serious threat to the availability of food in Nigeria at large. Aside the threat on food security, there is mass destruction of Lives and property. The qualitative method was used for collection of information relevant to this study by using secondary sources which implies gathering of information through the use of Internet, articles, and already written related document on the subject of discourse. The information gotten were analyzed through the use of content analysis. The study focused on the Nigerian state and scope of analysis covers from 2016-2022. The study adopted the frustration- aggression theory. The theory reveals that conflict occur in the society when ones interest is threatened and the inability to achieve this interest result into conflict, which is the situation with herders and farmers. Furthermore the consequences of the conflict was revealed, a snapshot scenario of some selected states like Ebonyi and Benue state was discussed, the mechanisms (measures) to resolve the conflict was discussed. Based on the findings it was discovered that, the conflict has tremendous effect on the lives of the people as well as on their properties.  Hence, Recommendations were made to curtail random movement by the herdsmen and the cattle, the government should set aside areas for their grazing to be monitored by the agent of the government in such local community.
Effect of Particle Size and Concentration of ZnO Nanoparticles on Growth, Yield and Seedling Parameters in Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum L.)
Authors: Harshith Kommaddi Sai Venkata , Dayal Abhinav , Anvesh Challuri
Published: November 2024

The experiment was conducted in both field and lab conditions to study the Effect of Particle Size and Concentration of ZnO Nanoparticles on Growth, Yield and Seedling Parameters in Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum L.) Under  Late Sowing Conditions in Eastern Uttar Pradesh Region the lab experiment was performed in CRD with four different size ranges of zinc oxide Nanoparticles (20-30nm, 40-50nm, 60-80nm, 80-100nm) each of three concentrations (30PPM, 60PPM, 80PPM). The field experiment was performed during Rabi season of 2022-2023 in Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj Uttar Pradesh with a control was laid out in factorial RBD with 3 Replications. The results revealed that T1(20-30nm, 30PPM for 8hrs) shows greater Performance among parameters viz Plant height 30 DAS (23.45), Plant height 80 DAS (91.36), Days to first flowering (26.11), Number of Branches (4.43), Seeds per Plant (142.39), Seed yield per plot (11.87), Seed yield per hectare (1.19), Economic Yield (11.87), Biological Yield (32.76). and Harvest Index (36.23) and T3(20-30nm, 80PPM for 8hrs) exhibit greater in Leaf surface area (22.37), Test Weight (27.34). The lab results revealed the treatment T1(20-30nm, 30PPM for 8hrs) showing greater  performance in Germination Percentage (95.63), Root Length (14.57), Seedling Length (24.76), Vigor Index-1 (2369.25), Electric conductivity (0.327), Protein content (13.59), Seed metabolic efficiency and T3 (20-30nm, 80PPM for 8hrs) shows greater Performance in Shoot length (11.57), Fresh Weight (2.19), Dry Weight (0.80), Vigor Index-2 (72.67), Seed Density (0.8), Chlorophyll Content (2.84), Dehydrogenize Activity (0.996).
Effect of Nano-fertilizers and Micronutrient Applications on Yield and Economics of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cv. Heemsohna
Authors: Singh Rajat Kumar , Bahadur Vijay , Mishra Sudhir Kumar , Sharma Amit
Published: November 2024

Aims: This study investigates the impact of nano-fertilizers and micronutrient applications on the fresh yield and economic returns of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cv. Heemsohna under field conditions.
Place, Duration and Study Design: This experiment was conducted at Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, across two summer growing seasons (2021-22 and 2022-23), the experiment employed a factorial randomized block design with 20 treatment combinations, including varying foliar applications of Nano-NPK and nano-mixed micronutrients.
Results: Results indicated that the application of Nano-NPK (4 ml/liter) significantly enhanced fruit set, weight, and overall yield, with nano-boron and nano-zinc further boosting fruit quality. The treatment combination F2M3 (Nano-NPK at 5 ml/liter with nano micronutrients at 6 ml/liter) yielded the highest productivity (93.94 t/ha) and was economically most viable, achieving a benefit-cost ratio of 6.42.
Conclusion: The findings underscore the potential of nano-fertilizers to improve nutrient-use efficiency, supporting sustainable tomato production by optimizing yield and profitability.
Leveraging Social Media in The College Classroom
Authors:   Grand Canyon University, West Stephanie , Olson Katie Archer ,   Alaska Pacific University, Holbeck Rick ,   Grand Canyon University
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the integration of social media platforms into higher education to enhance student engagement, foster collaboration, and promote meaningful learning experiences. Drawing upon a comprehensive review of existing literature, empirical evidence, and practical insights, the study investigates the implementation of various social media projects within educational contexts. The research examines the effectiveness of diverse social media initiatives, including infographics, memes, blog posts, TikTok-style public service announcements, and podcast scripts, in facilitating student learning and participation. Moreover, the paper identifies key challenges encountered during the integration process, such as technical hurdles, alignment with course objectives, and ethical considerations, and proposes strategies for addressing theses challenges. Additionally, the study explores promising future directions for refining the use of social media in education, including integrating emerging technologies, evolving pedagogical approaches, and prioritizing ethical considerations. Through a reflective analysis of successes, shortcomings, and lessons learned, this paper provides valuable insights for educators, instructional designers, and educational policymakers seeking to leverage social media effectively in higher education. Ultimately, the research contributes to a deeper understanding of the role of social media in promoting student engagement, facilitating learning, and shaping the future of education in a digital age.

Keywords: social media, higher education, student engagement, educational technology, pedagogical approaches, digital literacy, social media integration
Sexual reproduction and diversity: Connection between sexual selection and biological communities via population dynamics
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuya
Published: March 2019

Sexual reproduction is a mysterious phenomenon. Most animals and plants invest in sexual reproduction, even though it is more costly than asexual reproduction. Theoretical studies suggest that occasional or conditional use of sexual reproduction, involving facultative switching between sexual and asexual reproduction, is the optimal reproductive strategy. However, obligate sexual reproduction is common in nature. Recent studies suggest that the evolution of facultative sexual reproduction is prevented by males that coerce females into sexual fertilization; thus, sexual reproduction has the potential to enforce costs on a given species. Here, the effect of sex on biodiversity is explored by evaluating the reproductive costs arising from sex. Sex provides atypical selection pressure that favors traits that increase fertilization success, even at the expense of population growth rates, that is, sexual selection. The strength of sexual selection depends on the density of a given species. Sexual selection often causes strong negative effects on the population growth rates of species that occur at high density. Conversely, a species that reduces its density is released from this negative effect, and so increases its growth rate. Thus, this negative density‐dependent effect on population growth that arises from sexual selection could be used to rescue endangered species from extinction, prevent the overgrowth of common species and promote the coexistence of competitive species. Recent publications on sexual reproduction provide several predictions related to the evolution of reproductive strategies, which is an important step toward integrating evolutionary dynamics, demographic dynamics and community dynamics.
A novel inhibitor of tumorspheres reveals the activation of the serine biosynthetic pathway upon mitochondrial inhibition
Authors: Subedi Amit , Muroi Makoto , Futamura Yushi , Kawamura Tatsuro , Aono Harumi , Nishi Mayuko , Ryo Akihide , Watanabe Nobumoto , Osada Hiroyuki
Published: March 2019

Differences in the metabolism of cancer cells or cancer stem cells (CSCs) as compared to normal cells have provided avenues to safely target cancers. To discover metabolic inhibitors of CSCs, we performed alkaline phosphatase‐ and tumoursphere‐based drug screening using induced cancer stem cell‐like cells. From the screening of a RIKEN NPDepo chemical library, we discovered NPD2381 as a novel and selective cancer‐stemness inhibitor that targets mitochondrial metabolism. Using our ChemProteoBase profiling, we found that NPD2381 increases the expression of enzymes within the serine biosynthesis pathway. We also found a role for serine in protecting cancer cells from mitochondrial inhibitors. Our results suggest the existence of a compensatory mechanism to increase the level of intracellular serine in response to mitochondrial inhibitors.
N
atranaerobiales
Authors: Mesbah Noha M.
Published: March 2019

Natr.an.ae.ro.bi.a'les. N.L. masc. n.
Natranaerobius
type genus of the order; ‐
ales
ending to denote an order; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Natranaerobiales
the order of the genus
Natranaerobius
.

Firmicutes / Clostridia / Natranaerobiales

The order
Natranaerobiales
consists of obligately anaerobic, rod‐shaped, Gram‐stain‐positive bacteria. All members of the order are polyextremophilic, requiring high sodium concentrations and alkaline pH for growth (0.9–3 M Na
+
, pH 8–9.5). The
Natranaerobiales
spp. are also thermotolerant. Species are chemoorganotrophic, and some can grow by anaerobic respiration on nitrate and thiosulfate. The order forms a phylogenetically coherent cluster within the
Clostridia
. The order consists of a single family, the
Natranaerobiaceae
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 35–42.

Type genus
:
Natranaerobius
Mesbah, Hedrick, Peacock, Rohde and Wiegel 2007, 2511
VP
.
Multivalent Metallic Anodes for Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Schaefer Jennifer L. , Merrill Laura C.
Published: March 2019

Multivalent metals are an option for beyond lithium‐ion battery anodes due to their high relative abundance and/or charge capacities; of particular interest is the use of zinc, iron, magnesium, aluminum, and calcium metal. The state of the art and future directions of each metallic anode are discussed in terms of anode morphology, treatment, and electrolyte formulation. Zinc and iron anodes are reported in the context of aqueous electrolytes where anode morphology and carbon structure/loading have a great impact on battery performance. Magnesium, aluminum, and calcium, conversely, are discussed in the context of nonaqueous electrolytes, where electrolyte formulation is a determining factor in battery performance.