bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevention of systemic arterial hypertension under the perspective of users of a family health unit
Authors: Trindade Janaínna Lilian Santos da , Ferreira Olívia Galvão Lucena , Santos Maria da Conceição Barbosa dos , Veloso Laura de Sousa Gomes , Silva Haydêe Cassé da , Moreira Maria Adelaíde Silva Paredes
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: conhecer como usuários que frequentaram um grupo de ações preventivas numa unidade de saúde da família veem a hipertensão arterial sistêmica e as formas de preveni-la. Método: tratou-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório com abordagem qualitativa dos dados, realizado numa Unidade de Saúde da Família, em João Pessoa/PB, contando com a participação de 20 usuários, utilizando uma entrevista semiestruturada contendo questões sobre o perfil sociodemográfico, o conhecimento sobre a hipertensão arterial sistêmica e sua prevenção. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo temática categorial. Resultados: diante do questionamento sobre o que é hipertensão arterial, em 60% dos participantes há o conhecimento sobre do que se trata enquanto que 40% não sabem o que é. Conclusão: torna-se cada vez mais necessário oferecer oportunidades para que as pessoas conquistem a autonomia necessária para a tomada de decisão sobre aspectos que afetam sua saúde, através do conhecimento e da informação.
Burnout syndrome in nursing technicians of basic health units
Authors: Santos Josirleide de Oliveira , Oliveira Francisca Bezerra de , Moreira Maria Rosilene Cândido , Júnior José Ferreira Lima , Costa Iluska Pinto da , Moreira Maria Adelaíde Silva Paredes
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: identificar a síndrome em técnicos de enfermagem de Unidades Básicas de Saúde através do Inventário de Burnout Maslach. Método: o estudo tem natureza exploratória e abordagem quantitativa. A análise dos dados deu-se por estatística descritiva. Resultados: a maioria dos profissionais atua na saúde há mais de 10 anos e consideram seu trabalho estressante (nove - 82%); queixa-se de dores musculares e de cabeça (oito - 73%); dores de estômago (4 – 36%); irritabilidade, dificuldade de concentração e fadiga fácil (três – 27%). O risco para a síndrome de burnout foi identificado em dois (18%). Conclusão: há necessidade do desenvolvimento de políticas públicas de saúde, sobretudo no campo da saúde mental voltadas para as reais necessidades dos trabalhadores, produzindo sentimentos positivos com relação as suas atividades, reduzindo as pressões geradoras de estresse crônico e os transtornos emocionais dele advindos, atitudes que desfavorecem o desenvolvimento da síndrome de burnout.
Sociodemographic, clinic and health characterization of people with venous ulcers attended at the family health strategy
Authors: Torres Sandra Maria de oliveira , Monteiro Vera Grácia Neumann , Salvetti Marina de Góes , Melo Gabriela de Sousa Martins , Torres Gilson de Vasconcelos , Maia Eulália Maria Chaves
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: caracterizar os aspectos sociodemográficos, de saúde e assistenciais das pessoas com úlceras venosas atendidas pela Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) em Maceió-Alagoas. Método: pesquisa transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizada em 36 unidades da ESF com 59 pessoas com úlceras venosas por meio de formulário estruturado. Resultados: as pessoas com úlceras venosas estavam em tratamento > 1 ano (69,5%), eram do sexo feminino (71,2%) e ≥ 60 anos (67,8%). A maioria era não tabagista e não alcoolista, e 100,00% tinham dois ou mais fatores de risco e antecedentes pessoais patológicos, cada. Possuía tempo de lesão > 6 meses (64,4%), dor na úlcera/membro (86,4%) e leito com ≤ 30% de granulação/epitelização (78,0%). Conclusões: as pessoas com úlcera venosa apresentavam: baixo nível socioeconômico, doenças crônicas e características da lesão desfavoráveis contribuindo para cronicidade das lesões.
Contextual aspects of kidney transplantation and behavior of patients face to replacement therapy
Authors: De Souza Silva Fernando de Souza , Simpson Clelia Albino
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: Analisar os aspectos contextuais do comportamento apresentado pelos pacientes transplantados renais, em sua dimensão imediata e específica, geral e de metacontexto. Método: Estudo exploratório e descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, tendo o método e técnica da história oral de vida para a apreensão dos relatos, analisados segundo a análise de contexto proposto no referencial teórico de Hinds, Chaves e Cypress. Resultados: A rede foi composta de nove pacientes, entrevistados no período de junho e outubro de 2011. Entre os comportamentos mais relatados, ressalta-se o de negação da doença e tratamento, seguido pelo processo de aceitação e retomada da vida, com duração de tempo variado para ambos. Conclusão: A retomada da vida dos transplantados renais encontrou apoio nos laços familiares e na crença divinal. O melhor entendimento do comportamento apresentado pelos pacientes traz reflexões acerca de melhorias na assistência de enfermagem a esta clientela.
Self-perception of nurses about the assistance to users of alcohol and other drugs from a psychosocial care center
Authors: Costa Iluska Pinto da , Assis Lilian Figueirôa de , Almeida Mônica Rafaela de , Moraes Janaíne Chiara Oliveira , Oliveira Francisca Bezerra de , Bezerra Valéria Peixoto
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: Analisar a percepção dos enfermeiros do CAPS ad acerca da assistência a usuários de álcool e outras drogas. Método: Estudo exploratório, descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, aplicado junto a 03 enfermeiros, que deviam estar atuando no CAPS ad há no mínimo 6 meses. Para coleta dos dados utilizou-se entrevistas semi-estruturadas, sendo a análise feita mediante a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo Temática, onde o presente teve a aprovação do Comitê de Ética do Hospital Universitário Alcides Carneiro, CAAE nº 0513.0.133.000-11. Resultados: Os profissionais percebem avanços na assistência, mas evidenciam a necessidade de melhorias relacionadas à capacitação profissional e estrutura dos serviços. Referem ainda que a implantação do CAPS ad III, melhoraria o cuidado prestado. Conclusão: Esse estudo constitui-se em um convite à novas reflexões, propostas e atitudes dos profissionais de enfermagem que atuam em serviços de saúde mental voltados para atenção a usuários de álcool e outras drogas.
Nursing care of an elderly woman with spinal cord injury: a case study
Authors: Menezes Dayane Jéssyca Cunha de , Medeiros Eliabe Rodrigues de , Vieira Caroline Evelin N K , Coura Alexsandro Silva , Enders Bertha Cruz , Dantas Dândara Nayara Azevêdo
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: traçar uma proposta de sistematização da assistência de enfermagem para uma idosa com lesão medular, usuária de uma unidade de saúde de natal/rn. Métodos: estudo de caso utilizando três instrumentos para coleta de informações relacionadas ao grau de dependência e às condições de autocuidado da paciente sob estudo para elaboração do planejamento da assistência. Resultados: quatro diagnósticos de enfermagem foram elaborados com base na nanda e teoria do déficit de autocuidado: mobilidade física prejudicada, padrão de sono prejudicado, manutenção do lar prejudicada e déficit de autocuidado para vestir-se e arrumar-se. quatro intervenções correspondentes foram traçadas, formulando um plano assistencial. Conclusão: propõe-se o uso dos instrumentos que avaliam a dependência e o autocuidado das pessoas para a condução da sistematização da assistência ao cuidar de idosos como lesão medular na residência como contribuição para a prática de enfermagem com essa população. Descritores: Processos de enfermagem, Idoso, Traumatismos da medula espinhal.
Sexual behavior in the elderly watched family health strategy
Authors: Gomes Luz Adão Charles , Machado Ana Larissa Gomes , Felipe Gilvan Ferreira , Teixeira Emannuela Moura , Silva Maria Josefina da , Marques Marilia Braga
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: Analisar o comportamento sexual de idosos assistidos na atenção primária em saúde. Método: Estudo transversal, exploratório e quantitativo. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 130 idosos, destes 60,8% eram do sexo masculino, apresentando idade entre 60 e 92 anos, com média de 69 ± 7,04 anos. Com relação ao perfil sexual, 63,1% idosos tinham vida sexual ativa, sendo comportamento mais frequente entre os homens com união estável ou casados. No que diz respeito ao desejo sexual, 30% referiram não ter mais desejo pelas práticas sexuais, representado em sua maioria por mulheres e 12,3% mantiveram desejo total, com maioria masculina. Entre os idosos sexualmente ativos, 17% utilizam algum método preventivo para Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis. Conclusão: Destaca-se que há uma diminuição gradual na frequência do interesse e das práticas sexuais com a idade, reforça-se a necessidade da ação educativa do enfermeiro na atenção primária voltada para idosos. Descritores: Sexualidade, Idoso, Atenção primária à saúde.
Current scenario of Nephrology Nursing and Recife Metropolitan Region
Authors: Lemos Kelly cristiane rocha , Lima Fábia Maria de , Nascimento Kheyla Santos , Lira Marta Nunes
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: identificar como a Nefrologia vem se desenvolvendo dentro da Enfermagem, e o perfil dos enfermeiros que trabalham em clínicas de hemodiálise da cidade do Recife e Região Metropolitana. Metodologia: estudo transversal, exploratório de abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido em 14 clínicas de hemodiálise. A amostra foi composta por 84 enfermeiros. A coleta de dados ocorreu mediante preenchimento de questionário. A análise dos dados foi feita no software SPSS versão 13. Pesquisa aprovada sob protocolo nº 2151-11 e CAAE nº 0280.0.099.000-10. Resultados: os enfermeiros possuem título de especialização em Nefrologia (66,7%), e o adquiriu em média, 62,8 meses depois de iniciada a atividade na área. Conquistas foram alcançadas pela categoria, como a autonomia profissional, o reconhecimento e respeito pelos pacientes e pela sociedade. Conclusão: enfermeiros não especializados estão sendo admitidos nos serviços de hemodiálise, devido à carência destes profissionais no mercado de trabalho. Descritores: Cuidados de enfermagem, Diálise renal, Nefrologia.
Adolescents in provisional reception: investigative analysis about the vulnerability to HIV
Authors: Cavalcanti Lilian Joane , Da Silva Richardson Augusto Rosendo , Nelson Ana Raquel Cortês , Holanda Jose Rebberty Rodrigo , Prado Nanete Caroline da Costa , Costa Mayara Mirna do Nascimento
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTObjective: To Investigate the vulnerability of teenagers in foster provisional HIV. Method: A descriptive study and exploratory qualitative way. Study participants were the street teenagers, attendees of the Casa de Passagem III, in Natal City, of state Rio Grande do Norte. With the technique of Focus Group (FG),  Results: The topics were addressed in relation to knowledge about HIV/AIDS; self-protectio and responsibility on sexuality; sexual behaviors and values; and the institution's contribution in protecting against HIV/AIDS. Conclusion: The teenagers perceptions about HIV vulnerabilities, reflect others social problems, demonstrating the want to intervene based on multiple ways, principally, highlighting the social needs of these teenagers. Descriptors: Vulnerability, Teens, HIV. RESUMOObjetivo: Analisar as percepções dos adolescentes em acolhimento provisório quanto a sua a vulnerabilidade ao HIV. Métodos: Estudo descritivo e exploratório de natureza qualitativa. Realizado com adolescentes institucionalizados na Casa de Passagem III localizada em Natal, no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Mediante a técnica do Grupo Focal (GF) Resultados: Foram abordados elementos em relação aos conhecimentos sobre HIV/Aids; auto-proteção e responsabilização na esfera sexual; comportamentos e valores; e contribuição da instituição na prevenção ao HIV/Aids. Conclusão: As percepções dos adolescentes em relação à vulnerabilidade ao HIV refletem outros problemas sociais, evidenciando a necessidade da intervenção baseada em múltipla direção, principalmente, em resposta a necessidades sociais desses adolescentes. Descritores: Vulnerabilidade, Adolescentes, HIV. RESUMENObjetivo: Analizar las percepciones de los adolescentes en acogida provisionales como su vulnerabilidad al VIH. Métodos: Un carácter descriptivo, exploratorio y cualitativo. En el estudio, los adolescentes con una historia de la vida en la calle, institucionalizado en la Casa de Passagem III ubicado en Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. A través de la técnica del Grupo Focal (GF). Resultados: Tras examinar los elementos en relación con los conocimientos sobre el VIH/SIDA, la autoprotección y la responsabilidad en la esfera sexual, comportamientos y valores, y la contribución de la institución en la prevención del VIH/SIDA. Conclusión: Las percepciones de los adolescentes en relación con la vulnerabilidad al VIH reflejan otros problemas sociales, destacando la necesidad de una intervención basada en la dirección múltiple, sobre todo en respuesta a las necesidades sociales de los adolescentes. Descriptores: Vulnerabilidad, Adolescentes, VIH.
Patterns of changes in men's health from demographic indicators and epidemiologic
Authors: Santos Vanessa Cruz , Santos Mayra Gomes , Vilela Alba Benemérita Alves , Nery Adriana Alves , Casotti Cezar Augusto , Boery Eduardo Nagib
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: analisar padrões de mudanças na saúde do homem no período de 2006 a 2010 por meio dos indicadores demográficos e epidemiológicos. Métodos: estudo epidemiológico, descritivo, subsidiado em dados do Departamento de Informática do SUS (DATASUS) do Ministério da Saúde, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e Sistema Integrado de Informações Penitenciárias, referentes ao período de 2006 a 2010. Para a tabulação e análise dos dados foram utilizadas ferramentas desenvolvidas pelo DATASUS – TabWin e TabNet, além do programa Microsoft Office Excel 2007. Resultados: entre os indicadores de morbimortalidade, os decorrentes de causas externas, em todos os tipos, foram crescentes nos anos estudados e mais elevados na população masculina em relação à feminina. Conclusão: os agravos de saúde mais recorrentes na população masculina, são preveníveis, logo, a educação em saúde, poderá contribuir, na alteração do perfil comportamental e cultural dessa população, que por vez, acarreta consequências negativas à sua saúde. Descritores: Epidemiologia, Política de Saúde, Gênero e Saúde, Saúde do homem.
Spiritual distress: the search for new evidence
Authors: Simão Talita Prado , Chaves Erika Cássia Lopes , Iunes Denise Hollanda
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: Investigar sobre a compreensão do conceito de angústia espiritual e os métodos existentes para identificá-la. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura realizada nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF, CINAHL, IBECS, PUBMED, utilizando os termos: “angústia espiritual” (spiritual distress), “sofrimento espiritual” (spiritual suffering) juntamente com o descritor: enfermagem (nursing). Resultados: Após análise de 30 artigos, nove foram selecionados, apenas quatro (44,4%) conceituaram a angústia espiritual, alguns utilizaram mais de uma conceituação, sendo as deficiências nos construtos de transcendência, conexão, sistemas de crenças/valores, senso de significado e propósito na vida que mais prevaleceram. Estratégias para identificar o fenômeno abrangem desde observação atenta do paciente até a aplicação de instrumentos de avaliação psicométricas. Conclusão:A utilização combinada de todos os métodos possibilitará que profissionais da área da saúde tenham meios de identificar e avaliar a angústia espiritual e assim oferecer um cuidado que supra a necessidade espiritual do paciente.
Influence of organizational culture on participatory management in health organizations
Authors: Garcia Alessandra Bassalobre , Maziero Vanessa Gomes , Rocha Fernanda Ludmilla Rossi , Bernardes Andrea , Gabriel Carmen Silvia
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: Analisar a produção científica existente sobre a influência da cultura organizacional na viabilização da gestão participativa em organizações de saúde. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura; Base de Dados:Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, LILACS, PubMed e Medline.Critérios de inclusão:artigos originais e de revisão, disponíveis nos idiomas português, inglês ou espanhol; Não foi limitado o ano das publicações. Resultados:Encontrados 450 artigos, após seleção, foramanalisados seis deles. Dentre os artigos analisados, três se caracterizaram por serem publicações na área de gerenciamento em saúde, um na área de gerenciamento, um na área de enfermagem e um na área de medicina; no ano de publicação, houve variação entre 1992 e 2009.Os estudos evidenciaram que a cultura de uma organização influencia o tipo de gestão da instituição.Conclusão:A cultura de uma organização é que direcionará o estilo de gestão adotado, e, consequentemente, influenciará na mudança organizacional.
Gradation of complexity and predictability of hydrological processes
Authors: Sang Yan‐Fang , Singh Vijay P. , Wen Jun , Liu Changming
Published: May 2015

Quantification of the complexity and predictability of hydrological systems is important for evaluating the impact of climate change on hydrological processes, and for guiding water activities. In the literature, the focus seems to have been on describing the complexity of spatiotemporal distribution of hydrological variables, but little attention has been paid to the study of complexity gradation, because the degree of absolute complexity of hydrological systems cannot be objectively evaluated. Here we show that complexity and predictability of hydrological processes can be graded into three ranks (low, middle, and high). The gradation is based on the difference in the energy distribution of hydrological series and that of white noise under multitemporal scales. It reflects different energy concentration levels and contents of deterministic components of the hydrological series in the three ranks. Higher energy concentration level reflects lower complexity and higher predictability, but scattered energy distribution being similar to white noise has the highest complexity and is almost unpredictable. We conclude that the three ranks (low, middle, and high) approximately correspond to deterministic, stochastic, and random hydrological systems, respectively. The result of complexity gradation can guide hydrological observations and modeling, and identification of similarity patterns among different hydrological systems.
Comparative analysis of CMIP3 and CMIP5 global climate models for simulating the daily mean, maximum, and minimum temperatures and daily precipitation over China
Authors: Sun Qiaohong , Miao Chiyuan , Duan Qingyun
Published: May 2015

This study assesses the simulations of the daily mean, maximum, and minimum temperatures and daily precipitation over China during the period 1990–1999, based on phase 3 and phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3 and CMIP5). Fourteen CMIP3 models and 14 CMIP5 models were investigated over eight regions across China. Skill scores quantifying the match between the simulated and observed probability density functions (PDFs) were applied to evaluate the performance of the models. For daily mean, maximum, and minimum temperatures, the results revealed that CMIP3 and CMIP5 models captured the basic pattern of the observed PDFs in all regions. However, the probabilities at lower values were overestimated in most models. In all regions except the west of Northwest China (region 7), all CMIP5 models captured more than 80% of the observed PDFs. Compared with performance at the annual time scale, the models tended to perform relatively worse over the period June to August. The performances of the CMIP5 and CMIP3 models were not as good for daily precipitation as for daily temperature, and the skill scores for precipitation were generally lower than 0.7 in all regions. The amount of drizzle (daily precipitation < 5 mm) was overestimated notably in all regions. The amount of very heavy precipitation (daily precipitation ≥ 20 mm) tended to be underestimated in humid regions but overestimated in arid regions. Compared with CMIP3, CMIP5 models showed some improvements in the simulation of daily mean, maximum, and minimum temperatures, but there was a lack of apparent improvement for simulation of daily precipitation.
Growth and Quantification of MERS‐CoV Infection
Authors: Coleman Christopher M. , Frieman Matthew B.
Published: May 2015

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS‐CoV) is an emerging highly pathogenic respiratory virus. Although MERS‐CoV only emerged in 2012, we and others have developed assays to grow and quantify infectious MERS‐CoV and RNA products of replication in vitro. MERS‐CoV is able to infect a range of cell types, but replicates to high titers in Vero E6 cells. Protocols for the propagation and quantification of MERS‐CoV are presented. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Social monogamy in wild owl monkeys (Aotus azarae) of Argentina: the potential influences of resource distribution and ranging patterns
Authors: Fernandez‐Duque Eduardo
Published: May 2015

Using published and new data from a population of monogamous owl monkeys in the Argentinean Chaco, I examine the hypothesis that social monogamy is a default social system imposed upon males because the spatial and/or temporal distribution of resources and females makes it difficult for a single male to defend access to more than one mate. First, I examine a set of predictions on ranging patterns, use of space, and population density. This first section is followed by a second one considering predictions related to the abundance and distribution of food. Finally, I conclude with a section attempting to link the ranging and ecological data to demographic and life‐history parameters as proxies for reproductive success. In support of the hypothesis, owl monkey species do live at densities (7–64 ind/km2) that are predicted for monogamous species, but groups occupy home ranges and core areas that vary substantially in size, with pronounced overlap of home ranges, but not of core areas. There are strong indications that the availability of food sources in the core areas during the dry season may be of substantial importance for regulating social monogamy in owl monkeys. Finally, none of the proxies for the success of groups were strongly related to the size of the home range or core area. The results I present do not support conclusively any single explanation for the evolution of social monogamy in owl monkeys, but they help us to better understand how it may function. Moreover, the absence of conclusive answers linking ranging, ecology, and reproductive success with the evolution of social monogamy in primates, offer renewed motivation for continuing to explore the evolution of monogamy in owl monkeys. Am. J. Primatol. 78:355–371, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Predictive factors of subjective outcomes after septoplasty with and without turbinoplasty: can individual perceptual differences of the air passage be a main factor?
Authors: Hong Sang Duk , Lee Nak‐Joon , Cho Hyun‐Jin , Jang Min‐Seok , Jung Tae Young , Kim Hyo Yeol , Chung Seung‐Kyu , Dhong Hun‐Jong
Published: May 2015

Background

Although septoplasty provides adequate correction of septal deviation, patients are not always satisfied with the procedure. The degree of satisfaction after septal surgery may be affected by individual differences in the perception of one's nasal passage changes and emotional factors. The aim of this study is to identify the predictive factors that influence subjective septoplasty outcomes.

Methods

Forty‐nine patients with septal deviation and nasal obstruction were enrolled. Forty‐three patients completed the study 3 months after surgery. Age, gender, allergies, smoking, and degree of septal deviation were evaluated. The differences in the visual analogue scale for nasal obstruction and nasal volume measured by acoustic rhinometry between pre‐decongestant and post‐decongestant states were analyzed. A stress questionnaire (SQ) and Beck's depression index (BDI) were also used to evaluate the emotional factors. Subjective satisfaction was evaluated as the difference in nasal obstruction symptom evaluation (NOSE) scores between baseline and 3 months postoperation.

Results

Subjective satisfaction was not related to individual perceptual differences in nasal passage changes, depression index, age, gender, allergy status, smoking, or degree of septal deviation (p > 0.05 in all; univariate analysis). The baseline SQ and NOSE scores were significant predictive factors in univariate analysis. However, on multiple regression, only the baseline NOSE scores were related to subjective satisfaction after septoplasty.

Conclusion

Individual perceptual differences of air passage changes and emotional factors do not predict subjective symptom improvement after septoplasty. Baseline symptoms were the only predictive factor for patient satisfaction after septoplasty.
Skeletal Rearrangement of O‐Propargylic Formaldoximes by a Gold‐Catalyzed Cyclization/Intermolecular Methylene Transfer Sequence
Authors: Nakamura Itaru , Gima Shinya , Kudo Yu , Terada Masahiro
Published: May 2015

Skeletal rearrangement of O‐propargylic formaldoximes, in the presence of gold catalysts, afforded 4‐methylene‐2‐isoxazolines in good to excellent yields by an intermolecular methylene transfer. In addition, the cascade reaction with maleimide in the presence of a gold catalyst afforded isoxazole derivatives by cyclization/methylene transfer and a subsequent ene reaction, whereas that using a copper catalyst gave oxazepines through a 2,3‐rearrangement.
Ordered mesoporous SBA‐15/PrSO3Pd and SBA‐15/PrSO3PdNP as active, reusable and selective phosphine‐free catalysts in CX activation Heck coupling process
Authors: Rostamnia Sadegh , Rahmani Turaj
Published: May 2015

The incorporation of sulfonate into mesoporous SBA‐15 molecular sieves as ligands for palladium ions was used. Then SBA‐15/PrSO3Pd and SBA‐15/PrSO3PdNP were prepared and applied for the Heck arylation reaction of conjugate alkenes with aryl halides, to afford corresponding cross‐coupling products under phosphine‐free aerobic conditions with good to excellent yields. These supported palladium pre‐catalysts could be separated easily from reaction products and reused several times, showing superiority over homogeneous catalysts for industrial and chemical applications. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Unraveling the Electronic Structure, Spin States, Optical and Vibrational Spectra of Malaria Pigment
Authors: Ali Md. Ehesan , Oppeneer Peter M.
Published: May 2015

A detailed knowledge of the electronic structure and magnetic and optical properties of hemozoin, the malaria pigment, is essential for the design of effective antimalarial drugs and malarial diagnosis. By employing state‐of‐the‐art electronic structure calculations, we have performed an in‐depth investigation of the malaria pigment. Specifically, molecular bond lengths and spin states of the two FeIII heme centers and their exchange interaction, the UV/Vis absorption spectrum, and the IR vibrational spectra were calculated and compared with available experimental data. Our density functional theory (DFT)‐based calculations predict a singlet ground spin state that stems from an S=5/2 spin state on each of the Fe heme centers with a very weak antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between them. Our theoretical UV/Vis and IR spectra provide explanations for various spectroscopic studies of hemozoin and β‐hematin (a synthetic analogue of hemozoin). A good comparison of calculated and measured properties demonstrates the convincing unveiling of the electronic structure of the malaria pigment. Based on the predicted vibrational spectra, we propose a unique spectral band from the nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy (NRVS) results that could be used as a key fingerprint for malarial detection.
A Lithium‐Ion Battery based on an Ionic Liquid Electrolyte, Tin–Carbon Nanostructured Anode, and Li2O–ZrO2‐Coated Li[Ni0.8Co0.15Al0.05]O2 Cathode
Authors: Agostini Marco , Ulissi Ulderico , Di Lecce Daniele , Ahiara Yuichi , Ito Seitaro , Hassoun Jusef
Published: May 2015

This study describes the characteristics of a lithium‐ion battery employing an ionic liquid (IL)‐based electrolyte, a Li2O–ZrO2‐coated Li[Ni0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2] cathode, and a nanostructured tin–carbon (Sn–C) composite anode. The structure and morphology of the cathode and anode materials were studied using X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The properties of the IL‐based electrolyte were studied in terms of conductivity, lithium‐ion transport, electrochemical and thermal stability by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, voltammetry, and thermogravimetry. The battery, based on a lithium intercalation/de‐intercalation process at the cathode and a lithium alloying/de‐alloying process at the anode, showed a stable capacity of 100 mAh g−1 evolving at approximately 3.3 V. The cell configuration proposed here is expected to have high safety due to the nonflammability of the IL‐based electrolyte.
An in vitro study on the biocompatibility of WE magnesium alloys
Authors: Ge Shuping , Wang Yi , Tian Jie , Lei Daoxi , Yu Qingsong , Wang Guixue
Published: May 2015

Magnesium alloys are being actively studied for intravascular stent applications because of their good mechanical strength and biocompatibility. To rule out the high allergenicity of nickel and neurotoxicity of aluminum element, four kinds of WE magnesium alloys (where “W” represents the metallic element Y and “E” represents mixed rare earth (RE) elements; Y: 2.5, 5.0, 6.5, and 7.5 wt %; Nd: 1.0, 2.6, 2.5, and 4.2 wt %; Zr: 0.8 wt %) were chosen for in vitro investigation of their biocompatibility using cell culture. The results showed that, with the increase of rare earth elements in WE magnesium alloys, fibrinogen adsorption decreased and coagulation function was improved. It was also found that WE magnesium alloys promoted the adhesion of endothelial cells. With the increase of adhesion time, adhered cell numbers increased gradually. With 25% extracts, all the WE alloys promoted cell migration, while 100% extracts were not conducive to cell migration. Based on the above results, WE magnesium alloys 5.0WE (5.0Y‐2.6Nd‐0.8Zr) and 6.5WE (6.5Y‐2.5Nd‐0.8Zr) have better biocompatibility as compared with that with 2.5WE (2.5Y‐1.0Nd‐0.8Zr) and 7.5WE (7.5Y‐4.2Nd‐0.8Zr), and could be as the promising candidate materials for medical stent applications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 482–487, 2016.
The role of substrate topography on the cellular uptake of nanoparticles
Authors: Huang Changjin , Ozdemir Tugba , Xu Li‐Chong , Butler Peter J. , Siedlecki Christopher A. , Brown Justin L. , Zhang Sulin
Published: May 2015

Improving targeting efficacy has been a central focus of the studies on nanoparticle (NP)‐based drug delivery nanocarriers over the past decades. As cells actively sense and respond to the local physical environments, not only the NP design (e.g., size, shape, ligand density, etc.) but also the cell mechanics (e.g., stiffness, spreading, expressed receptors, etc.) affect the cellular uptake efficiency. While much work has been done to elucidate the roles of NP design for cells seeded on a flat tissue culture surface, how the local physical environments of cells mediate uptake of NPs remains unexplored, despite the widely known effect of local physical environments on cellular responses in vitro and disease states in vivo. Here, we report the active responses of human osteosarcoma cells to fibrous substrate topographies and the subsequent changes in the cellular uptake of NPs. Our experiments demonstrate that surface topography modulates cellular uptake efficacy by mediating cell spreading and membrane mechanics. The findings provide a concrete example of the regulative role of the physical environments of cells on cellular uptake of NPs, therefore advancing the rational design of NPs for enhanced drug delivery in targeted cancer therapy. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 488–495, 2016.
Influence of different surface modification treatments on silk biotextiles for tissue engineering applications
Authors: Ribeiro Viviana P. , Almeida Lília R. , Martins Ana R. , Pashkuleva Iva , Marques Alexandra P. , Ribeiro Ana S. , Silva Carla J. , Bonifácio Graça , Sousa Rui A. , Reis Rui L. , Oliveira Ana L.
Published: May 2015

Biotextile structures from silk fibroin have demonstrated to be particularly interesting for tissue engineering (TE) applications due to their high mechanical strength, interconnectivity, porosity, and ability to degrade under physiological conditions. In this work, we described several surface treatments of knitted silk fibroin (SF) scaffolds, namely sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution, ultraviolet radiation exposure in an ozone atmosphere (UV/O3) and oxygen (O2) plasma treatment followed by acrylic acid (AAc), vinyl phosphonic acid (VPA), and vinyl sulfonic acid (VSA) immersion. The effect of these treatments on the mechanical properties of the textile constructs was evaluated by tensile tests in dry and hydrated states. Surface properties such as morphology, topography, wettability and elemental composition were also affected by the applied treatments. The in vitro biological behavior of L929 fibroblasts revealed that cells were able to adhere and spread both on the untreated and surface‐modified textile constructs. The applied treatments had different effects on the scaffolds' surface properties, confirming that these modifications can be considered as useful techniques to modulate the surface of biomaterials according to the targeted application. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 496–507, 2016.
Magnesium‐containing layered double hydroxides as orthopaedic implant coating materials—An in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Weizbauer Andreas , Kieke Marc , Rahim Muhammad Imran , Angrisani Gian Luigi , Willbold Elmar , Diekmann Julia , Flörkemeier Thilo , Windhagen Henning , Müller Peter Paul , Behrens Peter , Budde Stefan
Published: May 2015

The total hip arthroplasty is one of the most common artificial joint replacement procedures. Several different surface coatings have been shown to improve implant fixation by facilitating bone ingrowth and consequently enhancing the longevity of uncemented orthopaedic hip prostheses. In the present study, two different layered double hydroxides (LDHs), Mg‐Fe‐ and Mg‐Al‐LDH, were investigated as potential magnesium (Mg)‐containing coating materials for orthopaedic applications in comparison to Mg hydroxide (Mg(OH)2). In vitro direct cell compatibility tests were carried out using the murine fibroblast cell line NIH 3T3 and the mouse osteosarcoma cell line MG 63. The host response of bone tissue was evaluated in in vivo experiments with nine rabbits. Two cylindrical pellets (3 × 3 mm) were implanted into each femoral condyle of the left hind leg. The samples were analyzed histologically and with μ‐computed tomography (μ‐CT) 6 weeks after surgery. An in vitro cytotoxicity test determined that more cells grew on the LDH pellets than on the Mg(OH)2‐pellets. The pH value and the Mg2+ content of the cell culture media were increased after incubation of the cells on the degradable samples. The in vivo tests demonstrated the formation of fibrous capsules around Mg(OH)2 and Mg‐Fe‐LDH. In contrast, the host response of the Mg‐Al‐LDH samples indicated that this Mg‐containing biomaterial is a potential candidate for implant coating. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 525–531, 2016.
Application of Analytic Continuations to Avoided Crossings
Authors: Yu Louis , Chao Jeng Shiow‐Yau
Published: May 2015

The two‐root (i,j,k) generalized Padé approximation (GPA) and three‐root (i,j,k,l) GPA as well as the two‐root continued fraction approximation (CFA) and the three‐root CFA are applied to the model of a three‐state avoided crossing. These two procedures for analytic continuation are compared. The results indicate that both methods provide good continuation into the complex plane and can be applied to locate the complex branch point. When the same input data are chosen, the GPA works slightly better than the CFA. According to our analysis, the two‐root procedure can be applied to locate the branch point around each region of avoided crossing in the problem of a multi‐state avoided crossing. The accuracy of the result is found to be associated the location of complex branch point.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Frans‐(E)‐N‐{2‐[4‐(3,4‐Dichlorophenyl)but‐2‐En‐2‐Yl]Cyclohexyl}Pyrrolidine as an Alkene Mimetic of the Arylacetamide Analgesics
Authors: Cheng Chen‐Yu , Liou Bang‐I , Jih Shiaw‐Tsyr
Published: May 2015

Diethylaluminum trimethylsilylacctylide reacted stereospecifically with the mesylate of trans‐2‐(N‐ pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexanol (2) to give trans‐N‐[2‐(trimethylsilylacetylcnyl)cyclohexyl]pyrrolidine (3). The trimethylsilyl group in 3 was displaced with a 3,4‐dichlorobenzoyl group to give ynone 4, which then underwent 1,4‐addition with lithium dimethylcuprate to give trans enone 6 and its cis isomer 5 in a ratio 5:1. Reduction of the enones with NaBHVCeCl3 resulted in cis and trans allylic alcohols 9 and 10. Both 9 and 10 were successfully deoxygenated with Znl2‐NaCNBH3 reducing system to give trans‐(E)‐N‐{2‐[4‐(3,4‐ dichlorophenyl)bul‐2‐en‐2‐yl]cyclohexyl}pyrrolidine (11) as the onty product. Olefin 11, a carbon‐carbon double bond isostere of the prototypek‐selective opioid analgesic U‐50488, showed a 103 fold reduction in K‐affinity (Kik = 1.6 × 104 nM vs 15 nM for U‐50488).
Syntheses of 1,2‐Dtpalmitoyl‐Sn‐Glycero‐3‐Phospho‐1′‐myoinositol and 1,2‐Dipalmitoyl‐Sn‐Glycero‐3‐Phosphorothio‐1′‐myoinositol
Authors: Lin Gialih , Liu Shih‐Huang , Wu Fang‐Chen
Published: May 2015

A convenient route to prepare of 1,2‐dipalmitoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phospho‐1′‐myo‐inositol and its phosphorothioate analogue, 1,2‐dipalmitoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphorothio‐1′‐myo‐inositol, is described.
Anaphaloside, a New Acyl Flavonoid Glycoside from the Flowers of Anaphalis Contorts Hooker
Authors: Lin Jer‐Huei
Published: May 2015

A new acyl flavonoid glycoside, anaphaloside, together with isoquercitrin and astragalin have been isolated from the flowers of Anaphalis contorta HOOKER. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectral evidence.
Evaluation of Vibrational Energies by Means of Neural Networks
Authors: Tseng Shiuh‐Ping , Chung Chung‐Ting , Yu Chin‐Hui
Published: May 2015

A program for neural networks was developed to evaluate many vibrational energies of harmonic oscillators, Morse oscillators and diatomic molecules. The tests of all the vibrational levels of SiH (A state) and HF (B state) with vmax equal to 8 and 31, respectively, yielded results in excellent agreement with semi‐empirical Morse results. The program was also applied to the three vibrational modes of H2O accurately.
Applications of On‐Line SFE/SFC in Environmental Analysis
Authors: Lin Chi‐Tung , Day Chih‐Ping , Kuei Chun‐Hsiung
Published: May 2015

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorinated Pesticides (OCPs) on different absorbents were extracted and analyzed by a directly coupled supercritical fluid extraction and supercritical fluid chromatography system (on‐line SFE/SFC). The influence of various absorbents as sample matrixes on extraction efficiencies was evaluated. In general, the extraction efficiencies were decreased if a matrix had a larger surface area and a smaller pore size. The recoveries of PAHs and PCBs were decreased in inverse proportion to their molar mass. Recoveries of OCPs containing epoxy functional groups were greater than for OCPs lacking this functional group. In conclusion, online SFE/SFC is a rapid (1‐2 h) and high recovery (70%‐100%) analytical technique.
Determination of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons Using Sep‐Pak Cartridges and Gas Chromatography
Authors: Lu Chung‐Shin , Huang Shang‐Da
Published: May 2015

Methods are described for the determination of chlorinated hydrocarbons at levels of parts per billion in water and nonaqueous environmental samples by gas chromatography with electron‐capture detection. C18, Florisil, alumina N and silica Sep‐Pak cartridges were compared to evaluate their cleanup ability. The accuracy of the results of this analytical technique was proved by the analysis of a certified reference material (lake sediment EC‐2).
Kinetics of the Reductions of (Ethylenediaminetetraacetato)cobaltate(III) by 4,4‐Dipyridylamine Complexes of Pentacyanoferrate(II) and Pentaammineruthenium(II)
Authors: Chien Chiu‐Feng , Yeh Andrew
Published: May 2015

The reactions of Fe(CN)5dpa3− and Ru(NH3)5dpa2+ (dpa = 4,4′‐dipyridylamine) with Co(edta)− have been investigated kinetically. For Fe(CN)5dpa3− complex, a linear relationship was observed between the pseudo‐First‐order rate constants and the concentrations of Co(edta) which leads to a specific rate 0.876 ± 0.006 M−1S−1 at T = 25°C., μ = 0.10 M and pH = 8.0. For the Ru(NH3)5dpa2+ system, the plots kobs vs [Co(edta)−] become nonlinear at concentrations of Co(edta) greater than 0.01 M and the reaction is interpreted on the basis of a mechanism involving the formation of an ion pair between Ru(NH3)5dpa2+ and Co(edta)− followed by electron transfer from Ru(II) to Co(III). The nonlinear least squares fit of the kinetic results shows that Qip = 10.6 ± 0.7 M−1 and ket = 93.9 ± 0.7 s−1 at pH = 8.0,μ = 0.10 M and T = 25°C.
Synthesis of Tetracyclo[6.2.2.23,6.02,7]tetradeca‐4,9,11,13‐Tetraene
Authors: Lin Cheng‐Tung , Hwang Bai‐Ping , Chou Teh‐Chang
Published: May 2015

The title hydrocarbon 3, a C14H14 tetracyclic tetraene of C2v‐symmetry, was synthesized by new routes starting from 1,8,9,10‐tetrachloro‐11,11‐dimethoxytricyclo[6.2.1.02,7]undeca‐3,5,9‐triene (1). The Diels‐Alder cycloaddition of 1 with 2‐chloroacrylyl chloride, a ketene equivalent, followed by subsequent reduction, dechlorination and deacctalization afforded the ketol 12 as a key intermediate. Elaboration of target compound 3 was carried out by either the method of ring enlargement of 12 or (better) the route of Diels‐Alder reaction of decarbonylated 12 with trans‐1,2‐bis(phenylsulfonyl)ethcnc, an acetylene equivalent, to give trienol 17, followed by dehydration. Upon irradiation, 3 underwent intercyclic [2 + 2]‐addition to caged hexacyclic diene 4. At 120°C, 3 decomposed into barrelene and benzene quantitatively.
Dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepin‐1‐Ones, Synthesis and Derivatization
Authors: Rashed N. , Sayed M. , El Ashry E. S. H.
Published: May 2015

Several linearly fused tricyclic 6,7,6‐systems were prepared. Reaction of 1,2‐diamino‐4‐nitrobenzene with 5,5‐dimethylcyclohexan‐1,3‐dione gave 3‐(2‐amino‐5‐nitroaniIino)‐5,5‐dimethylcyclohex‐2‐en‐1‐one (8). Reaction of 8 and its analogue 6 with various aldehydes gave 2,3,4)5,10,11‐hexahydro‐3,3‐dimethyl‐11‐substituted‐1H‐dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepin‐1‐ones 9 and 10. Acetylation of 9 and 10 gave the corresponding N‐acetyl derivatives. Spectral data of the products are discussed.
Microbial Transformation of Ceanothic Acid and Derivatives by Mycobacterium sp. (NRRL B‐3805)
Authors: Lee Shoei‐Sheng , You Bih‐Jing , Wang Kuang‐Chao
Published: May 2015

Ceanothic acid (1) is the major triterpene isolated from Parliurus ramosissitnus (Rhamnaceae) which possesses three methyl groups corresponding to the 4,4,14α‐trimethyl groups in lanosterol (5). Microbial transformation of 1 and its 3‐dehydro‐2,28‐dimethyl ester derivative (3) with Mycobacterium sp. (NRRL B‐3805) resulted in the methylation of the carboxylic functions and C‐1 epimerization, respectively. Although this work indicates that 1 is not a suitable substrate for 4,4,14α‐tridemethylation, esterification of the carboxylic function and the C‐1 epimerization reaction in ceanothic acid and its derivative is the first observation with this microorganism.
Surface Study of Polymers by Static Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Using a Magnetic‐Sector Mass Spectrometer
Authors: Lin Y. P. , Ling Y. C.
Published: May 2015

Results from static SIMS analysis of six thermoplastic polymers — polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethylene (PE), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS) and polycarbonate (PC) — using a magnetic‐sector SIMS instrument and O2+ primary beam are presented. For PTFE as a representative sample, the charging effect is reduced only with a metal grid when analyzing positive secondary ions. When negative secondary ions are analyzed, excessive charges are self‐compensated with a normal‐incidence electron gun. Positive‐ion spectra collected agree with spectra obtained using either a quadrupole or time‐of‐flight SIMS instrument and noble‐gas ion beams. The agreement is objectively demonstrated by means of the capability to compare spectra in the NIST/EPA/MSDC mass spectral database. The merits of the use of high‐mass resolution, of which magnetic‐sector SIMS is inherently capable, to provide analytical information about the molecular species native to the sample are demonstrated in distinguishing three ambiguous peaks with nominal mass ratios m/z = 27, 39 and 59 from PMMA.
Extraction by Mixed Solvent and Spectrophotometric Determination of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate in Sea Water
Authors: Ho Wu‐Hsiung , Hsiao Suh‐Mei , Chen Jin‐Han
Published: May 2015

Mixed solvent was used to extract ion pairs formed from suitable cationic dye and sodium dodecyl sulfate in sea water. The extracts were used for spectrophotometric determinations. The extraction of ion pairs of various combinations is discussed. Ethyl violet and a mixture (1:1) of p‐xylene and toluene are the most useful combination as the cationic dye and the extraction solvent. The extracts were determined spectrophotometrically at 611.2 nm; the molar absorptivity is 1.27 × 105 M−1 cm−1. The detection limit is 2.0 ppb in water based on three times the standard deviation of the blank. Extraction with this mixed solvent is as rapid and sensitive as with the best single solvent.
Electrooxdation of Tricarbonyl(N,N‐Diphenylcyclohexadienecarboxamide)Iron Complexes. Reversibility of Electron Transfer and Free Energy Change
Authors: Hwang Wen‐Shu , Lee Liangshiu , Yu Wei‐Ren
Published: May 2015

Qualitative and quantitative criteria of irreversibility of electron transfer in cyclic voltammetry (CV) of tricarbonyl(N,N‐diphenylcyclohexadienecarboxamide)iron complexes were investigated. The measurement of the heterogeneous rate constants for electron transfer according to CV data over an extended range of free energy change ( ΔG) for these complexes are described. Kinetic analyses of the electrochemical technique demonstrates that when the applied potential exceeds the standard potential E°, the experimental rate constant ke represents an accurate measurement of the intrinsic rate constant k1 for electron transfer. However, as the applied potential is less than E°, the reversibility of the electron‐transfer process becomes increasingly more important, and the rate constants for reverse electron transfer k‐t and decomposition k2 of the electrogenerated intermediate have to be taken into account.
Synthesis of Azo‐Sulfa Drugs Based on 2‐Pyridinone and 2‐Pyridinethione
Authors: Abdel Hafez Ali A. , Awad Ibrahim M. A. , Ahmed Ragaa A.
Published: May 2015

Some new azo sulfa drugs 3‐cyano‐4,6‐diphenyl‐1‐[4‐(N‐substituted)sulfamyl]phenylazo‐2‐pyridinone dyes (1‐6) and 3‐cyano‐4,6‐diphenyl‐1‐[4‐(N‐substituted)sulfamyl]phenylazo‐2‐pyridinethione dyes (1′‐6′) were synthesized by coupling of 4‐(N‐substituted)sulfamylbenzene diazonium salts with 3‐cyano‐4,6‐diphenyl‐2‐pyridinone and/or with 3‐cyano‐4,6‐diphenyl‐2‐pyridin‐ethione. The corresponding iron (1a‐6a, 1′a‐6′a), copper (1b‐6b, 1′b‐6′b) and mercury (1c‐6c, 1′c‐6′c) chelates wvere also prepared. All synthesized compounds were screened in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activities.