bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidental Gallbladder Cancer with the Laparoscopic Treatment in the MRI Era: An Experience at a Single Institution
Authors: zhou yong , Zha Wenzhang , Wu Xudong , Fan Rengen
Published: March 2021

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been widely applied to the preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder diseases, among which laparoscopic cholecystectomy plays a critical role. Incidental gallbladder cancer (IGBC) is an unexpected guest of the patients who underwent cholecystectomy, forcing them to receive reoperation for complete resection. This study aimed to share our experience in pre-operative MRI evaluation and laparoscopic management of the IGBCs. Methods: Between January 2011 and January 2020, 7917 patients with gallbladder diseases and treated by laparoscopy were enrolled in this study. Results: A total of 49 patients were diagnosed as IGBCs. The incidence of IGBCs in polypoid lesions, biliary pancreatitis, cholecystitis, cholecystocholedocholithiasis and gallbladder stones was 0.42%, 1.19%, 0.62%, 1.20% and 0.49%, respectively. Moreover, 73.5% and 59.2% of the IGBCs had unremarkable preoperative imaging during the ultrasonographic and MRI evaluation respectively. Also, 14 of the patients were diagnosed as gallbladder cancer (GBC) via intraoperative histological examination, and 11 received laparoscopic extensive resection after cholecystectomy.Conclusion: The patients with biliary pancreatitis and cholecystocholedocholithiasis have a higher incidence of incidental gallbladder cancer. Preoperative MRI evaluation and intraoperative histological examination may help some incidental gallbladder cancers to achieve one-stage laparoscopic extensive resection.
Multidisciplinary Team Efforts to Improve the Pregnancy Outcome of Pregnancy Complicated with Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Case Series from a Single Hospital
Authors: Jiao Hai-ning , Sun Li-hao , Liu Yan , Zhou Jian-qiao , Chen Xi , Liu Jian-min , Zhong Hui-ping
Published: March 2021

Background
There is no consensus or management algorithm for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in pregnancy༎
Methods
This is a retrospective case series. From August 2014 to December 2020, 9 cases of PHPT in pregnancy were diagnosed by multidisciplinary team (MDT) consultation center of obstetrics in our hospital. Their clinical manifestations, treatment strategies, maternal and infant outcomes were analyzed.
Results
The median onset age of the patients was 32 (25 ~ 38) years. PHPT was diagnosed in two cases before pregnancy, six cases during pregnancy and one case postpartum. The main clinical manifestations were nausea, vomiting, and other nonspecific symptoms, together with anemia as the most common maternal complication. Hypercalcemia crisis was developed in one case. The median levels of preoperative serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were 3.08 (2.77 ~ 4.21) mmol/L and 300.40 (108.80 ~ 2603.60)pg/ml, respectively. The parathyroid ultrasonography tests were positive in eight cases, and negative in one case who had an ectopic lesion localized by 99mTc-MIBI. Parathyroidectomy was conducted in 7 cases during 2nd trimester including 2 cases diagnosed before pregnancy but refused operation at that time, 1 case during 1st trimester ,and 1 after postpartum, with significant reduction of serum concentrations of calcium and PTH. A management algorithm was developed.
Conclusion
This case series suggest that pregnant women with PHPT should be managed by MDT according to algorithm. If PHPT is confirmed in fertile women before pregnancy, parathyroidectomy should be strongly suggested and performed at that time. If PHPT is diagnosed during pregnancy, even in its mild form, surgical treatment, optimally during 2nd trimester, is effective and safe for pregnancy and neonate outcome.
The Systemic and Ocular Risk Factors for Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ye Jiacheng , Zhou Min , Wang Congyao , Wan Pengxia
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: We sought to evaluate the systemic and ocular risk factors for severity on visual acuity and central retinal thickness in macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO-ME). METHODS: This retrospective study included 46 RVO-ME patients in The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2015 to November 2019. Systemic examinations include blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipids, vascular endothelial function, and carotid artery color ultrasound. Ocular examinations include the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and the central retinal thickness (CRT). The integrity of the outer retina was evaluated as well. According to the baseline BCVA and CRT levels, the patients were divided into high vision group and low vision group, high CRT group, and low CRT group. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze the risk factors on baseline BCVA and CRT.RESULTS: We enrolled 19 eyes of CRVO (central retinal vein occlusion) and 27 eyes of BRVO (branch retinal vein occlusion). We identified 31 (67.4%) as high CRT and 23 (50.0%) as poor VA of 46 patients on admission. There were 15 cases of BRVO in the high CRT group (48.4%) and 12 cases in the low CRT group (80.0%). The type of disease (BRVO/CRVO) was an independent factor of baseline CRT (P=0.017). Endothelial dysfunction correlates with baseline BCVA independently (P=0.038). Ellipsoidal zone (EZ) destruction was found in 19 cases (82.6%) in the low vision group and 6 cases (26.1%) in the high vision group. EZ integrity correlates with baseline BCVA independently (P=0.017). CONCLUSION: The central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) has markedly higher CRT than branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Endothelial dysfunction and disrupted ellipsoidal zone were significantly associated with poor baseline VA on admission.
Usefulness of Early Diagnosis of Sepsis-Induced Coagulopathy by Measuring Novel Platelet Activation Marker Soluble Type C Lectin-Like Receptor 2 (CLEC-2)
Authors: Ishikura Hiroyasu , Irie Yuhei , Kawamura Masahide , Hoshino Kota , Nakamura Yoshihiko , Mizunuma Mariko , Maruyama Junichi , Nakashio Maiko , Suzuki-Inoue Katsue , Kitamura Taisuke
Published: March 2021

Background: C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) is a platelet-activated receptor expressed on the surface of platelet membranes. Soluble CLEC-2 (sCLEC-2) has been receiving attention as a predictive marker for thrombotic predisposition, such as cerebral or myocardial infarction. In the present study, we examined the relationship between sCLEC-2 level and degree of coagulation disorder, especially platelet activation, in sepsis patients. Methods: Seventy sepsis patients were enrolled and divided into two groups, sepsis-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (SID) group (n=44) and non-SID group (n=26), at the time of intensive care unit admission. In addition, 37 healthy adult volunteers were enrolled as a control group. The sCLEC-2 levels were measured and compared among the groups. Because we suspected that the sCLEC-2 level was likely to be affected by the platelet count, we also calculated the sCLEC-2/platelet count ratio (termed C2PAC index) in the groups. We further divided the sepsis patients into four groups using the Japanese Acute Medical Association (JAAM) DIC scoring system (DIC scores: 0–1, 2–3, 4–5, 6–8) and investigated the C2PAC indexes in the healthy volunteers and the four JAAM DIC score groups. Finally, we examined whether the C2PAC index could be a predictor of DIC by receiver-operating curve (ROC) analysis.Results: The C2PAC indexes in the healthy volunteers, non-SID group, and SID group were 0.34±0.14, 1.2±0.5, and 2.6±1.7, respectively. The index was significantly higher in the non-SID and SID groups compared with the healthy volunteers and also significantly higher in the SID group compared with the non-SID group (all P<0.001). The C2PAC indexes in the healthy volunteers and the four JAAM DIC score groups were 0.3±0.1, 0.9±0.3, 1.1±0.3, 1.7±0.7, and 3.6±1.0, respectively. Furthermore, the C2PAC index increased significantly as the DIC score increased (P<0.001). According to the ROC analysis, the area under the curve and optimal cut-off value for the diagnosis of DIC were 0.80507 and 1.40 (sensitivity, 75.0%; specificity, 76.9%), respectively.Conclusions: The present findings suggest that evaluation of the C2PAC index may be a useful early predictor of sepsis-induced coagulopathy progression and DIC diagnosis in sepsis patients.Trial registration: This study was approved by the institutional ethics committees at Fukuoka University Hospital (U19-01-001), Yamanashi University Hospital (2289), and LSI Medience Corporation (Shindan/Narita 19-04).
A Second Hit Somatic (P.R905W) and a Novel Germline Intron-Mutation of TSC2 Gene is Found in Intestinal Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: A Case Report with Literature Review
Authors: Han Bogyeong , Lee Juhwan , Kwak Yoon Jin , Kim Hyun-Young , Lee Kwang Hoon , Shim Yumi , Lee Hyunju , Park Sung-Hye
Published: March 2021

Background: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disorder associated with germline mutations in TSC1 and TSC2, including exonic, intronic, or mosaic mutations. Gastrointestinal (GI) tract Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is an extremely rare manifestation of TSC, with few reported cases. Herein, we aimed to determine the driver mutation, pathogenesis, and relationship of germline and somatic mutations of LAM through whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of the tumor and blood samples and whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS) analysis. Case presentation: A nine-year-old girl with a full-blown TSC presented with abdominal masses detected during a routine check-up. Resected intestinal masses were diagnosed as LAM by thorough pathological examination. Interestingly, the LAM presented a somatic TSC2 gene mutation in exon 24 (p.R905W, c.C2713T), and the patient had intron retention by a novel germline mutation in the intron region of TSC2 (chr16:2126489, C>G). Conclusion: Our case suggests that intron retention by a single nucleotide intronic mutation of TSC2 is sufficient to develop severe manifestations of TSC, but the development of LAM requires an additional somatic oncogenic mutation.
Nasopharyngeal Microbiota in SARS-CoV-2 Positive and Negative Patients
Authors: Engen Phillip A. , Naqib Ankur , Jennings Cheryl , Green Stefan J. , Landay Alan , Keshavarzian Ali , Voigt Robin M.
Published: March 2021

We investigated nasopharyngeal microbial community structure in COVID-19-positive and -negative patients. High-throughput 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed microbial community structure differences between COVID-19-positive and -negative patients. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that: (1) nasopharyngeal microbiome communities can be assessed using collection procedures for SARS-CoV-2 testing and (2) SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with altered dysbiotic microbial profiles which could be a biomarker for disease progression and prognosis in SARS-CoV-2.
Impact of remdesivir for the treatment of COVID-19 during the first wave in Spain
Authors: Soriano Alejandro , Montejano Rocío , Moreno José Sanz , Figueira Juan Carlos , Grau Santiago , Güerri-Fernández Robert , Castro-Gomez Antonio , Pérez-Román Inés , Hidalgo-Vega Álvaro , González-Domínguez Almudena
Published: March 2021

Background: Spain was one of the most affected countries during the first wave of COVID-19, having the highest mortality rate in Europe. The aim of this retrospective study is to estimate the impact that remdesivir -the first drug for COVID-19 approved in EU- would have had in the first wave. Methods: This study estimated the impact on the Spanish National Health System (SNHS) capacity (bed occupancy), and the number of deaths that could have been prevented, based on two scenarios: a real-life scenario (without remdesivir), and an alternative scenario (with remdesivir). It considered the clinical results of the ACTT-1 trial in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and pneumonia, who required supplemental oxygen. The occupancy rates in general wards and ICUs were estimated in both scenarios. Results: Remdesivir would have avoided the admission of 2,587 patients (43.75%) in the ICUs. It would have also increased the SNHS capacity in 5,656 general wards beds and 1,700 ICU beds, showing an increase in the number of beds available of 17.53% (95% CI: 3.98% - 24.42%), and 23.98% (95% CI: 21.33% - 28.22%), respectively, at the peak of the occupancy rates. Furthermore, remdesivir would have avoided 7,639 deaths due to COVID-19, which implies a 27.51% reduction (95% CI: 14.25% - 34.07%). Conclusions: Remdesivir would have relieved the pressure of the SNHS, and would have reduced the death toll, providing a better strategy for the management of COVID-19 during the first wave.
On Non-Spherical Models for Spiral Galaxy Gravitation Potential Yielding Flat Rotation Curve
Authors: Sen Swagatam
Published: March 2021

A two component model of gravitation potential for spiral galaxies has been proposed which couples a spherically symmetric component with a second component that observes planar radial symmetry on the galactic plane and vanishes outside an annular disk beyond the edge of galaxy's effective radius. It is shown that such a model for potential satisfying Poisson Equation would produce rotation velocity curve towards the edge of the galaxy which is flat over distance from the galactic centre. This relationship, which is experimentally observed in many spiral galaxies, is shown as a consequence of classical understanding of gravity and specific symmetry of the gravitational potential without any extrinsic requirement of dark matter. It is also demonstrated that this potential directly yields a relationship between inner mass of the galaxy and terminal rotation velocity, which has been empirically observed and known as Baryonic Tully-Fisher relations. Furthermore a direct test has been proposed for experimental verification of the proposed theory.
Simulation of the Progression of the COVID-19 Disease in Northwest Syria Using Basic and Adjusted SIR Model
Authors: Abdulla Orwa Al , Kallström Agneta , Kauhanen Jussi , Valderrama Camilo
Published: March 2021

Background: Syria has been experienced an armed conflict since 2011. At the time of writing, Northwest Syria is outside governmental control and facing the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this research, we studied the progression of the COVID-19 pandemic in northwest Syria. We studied the impact of wearing facial masks and discussed the results compared to the existing figures and facts.
Methods: Based on available data and using the basic and adjusted SIR model, we estimated the value of the basic reproduction number () which gives an initial prediction of the disease progression. We studied the disease progression for one year (from July 2020 to July 2021) and simulated using the basic and adjusted SIR models.
Results: We estimated that the for 2019-nCOV was 2.38, and the resulted figures were overestimated compared to the reported numbers and data concerning the COVID-19 pandemic. However, when adjusting the model by a preventive measure (in this case, wearing face masks), the results were significantly less and closer to the actual reported numbers.
Conclusions: Hospital utilization throughout 365 days was projected depending on the basic and adjusted SIR model. The pandemic's peak in the studied area was predicted to arise in December 2020. The expected number of cases to be infected and admitted to hospitals and ICU in 365 days was 633636, 1901, and between 1141 and 2090, accordingly.
Neonatal outcomes in pregnant women infected with COVID-19 in Babol, North of Iran: retrospective study with short-term follow-up
Authors: Akbarian-Rad Zahra , Mojaveri Mohsen Haghshenas , Bouzari Zinatossadat , Sadeghi Farzin , Yahyapour Yousef , Rad Mojgan Naeimi , Alizadeh Somayeh , Ebrahimpour Soheil , Javanian Mostafa
Published: March 2021

During the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the number of pregnant women and neonates suffering from COVID-19 increased. However, there is a lack of evidence on clinical characteristics and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19. We evaluated short-term outcomes (4 weeks post-discharge) and symptoms in neonates born to mothers infected with COVID-19. In this retrospective cohort study, we included all neonates born to pregnant women with COVID-19 who were admitted to Ayatollah Rohani Hospital, Babol, Iran, from February 10 to May 20, 2020. Clinical features, treatments, and neonatal outcomes were measured. Eight neonates were included in the current study. The mean gestational age and birth weight of newborns were 37 ± 3.19 weeks (30₊6 − 40) and 3077.50 ± 697.64 gr (1720–3900) respectively. Apgar score of the first and fifth minutes in all neonates was ≥ 8 and ≥ 9 out of 10 respectively. The most clinical presentations in symptomatic neonates were respiratory distress, tachypnea, vomiting, and feeding intolerance. This manifestation and high levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), in three infants, are common in neonatal sepsis. The blood culture in all of them was negative. They have been successfully treated with our standard treatment. Our pregnant women showed a pattern of clinical characteristics and laboratory results almost similar to those described for non-pregnant COVID-19 infection. This study found no evidence of intrauterine or peripartum transmission of COVID-19 from mother to her child. Furthermore, the long-term outcomes of neonates need more study.
Ribavirin Aerosol in the Treatment of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Messina Emanuela , Danise Anna , Ferrari  , Andolina Andrea , Chiurlo Matteo , Razanakolona SN Marie , Barakat  , Israel Robert J. , Castagna Antonella
Published: March 2021

Ribavirin is an inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor with demonstrated activity against coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Two hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (confirmed by positive tests for SARS-CoV-2) received treatment with ribavirin for inhalation solution (ribavirin aerosol) as part of a compassionate use program. Patient 1 was a 33-year-old male with an unremarkable medical history. Patient 2 was a 29-year-old male who was an active smoker. Both patients were managed according to international and Italian treatment guidelines for COVID-19. In addition, therapy with ribavirin aerosol 100 mg/mL was administered for 30 minutes twice daily for 6 days (ie, 12 doses) in both patients. In order to address concerns about a possible increase in viral dispersal with the use of a nebulizer, healthcare providers remained outside the patient room during ribavirin aerosol administration. Pretreatment chest computed tomography scans showed pseudonodular areas in the upper right lobe with associated ground glass opacities (Patient 1) and multiple areas of parenchymal consolidation in both lower lobes with associated ground glass opacities (Patient 2) that were almost completely resolved on imaging at the end of ribavirin treatment. No adverse reactions to ribavirin treatment were observed in either patient. Both patients recovered fully, and 2 sequential nasopharyngeal swabs obtained after hospital discharge tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. Ribavirin aerosol appears to be efficacious in the treatment of patients with COVID-19. The compassionate use study of ribavirin aerosol is ongoing and will provide additional data across a broader patient population.
Fertilization Strategy Affects Production and Postproduction Performance of Petunia
Authors: Park Jiwoo , Faust James E.
Published: March 2021

The amount of fertilizer applied during the commercial production of bedding plants has decreased in recent years because of increasing concerns about environmental impacts and the need to minimize production costs. However, reduced fertilization affects plant growth and flowering during production and in the postproduction environment. Plants grown with lower nutrient levels may perform satisfactorily during greenhouse production, but they may possess insufficient nutrients to sustain further growth in the postproduction environment, where fertilizer application is frequently lacking. This study examined conventional and alternative fertilizer delivery strategies that produce high-quality petunia (Petunia ×hybrida) during greenhouse production and continue to support plant growth and flowering in the postproduction environment. The fertilizer treatments during production consisted of four constant liquid fertilization (CLF) treatments of 0, 50, 100, or 200 ppm nitrogen (N) and three controlled-release fertilization (CRF) treatments (0, 4, or 8 lb/yard3). Three pulse fertilization (PF) treatments (0, 300, or 600 ppm N) were applied immediately before moving the plants to the postproduction environment. During production, petunia growth and development increased as CLF increased from 0 to 200 ppm N, but the addition of CRF resulted in the increase occurring at a declining rate. During postproduction, the interactive effects of CLF and CRF continued in a similar pattern as that seen in the production environment. The additional PF treatments resulted in further increases in plant growth. Across all CLF and CRF treatments, the leaf area increased from 466 to 540 cm2 as PF increased from 0 to 300 ppm N, and the leaf area increased further to 631 cm2 as PF increased from 300 to 600 ppm N. Based on our findings, two alternative strategies are possible. First, 0 to 50 ppm N CLF can be combined with 4 lb/yard3 CRF. The second strategy maintains the standard commercial practice of applying 100 ppm N CLF treatment and then applying a 300- to 600-ppm N PF treatment. These results suggest that a relatively low CLF rate can be used to achieve the desired production characteristics while reducing the cost of plant growth regulation, and that additional plant nutrition can be provided with CRF and/or PF to enhance the postproduction performance.
SAĞLIK KURUMLARINDA ŞİDDET: GAZETE HABERLERİ ÜZERİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: İŞTAR IŞIKLI Emel , ARSLAN Tuba
Published: March 2021

Sağlıkta şiddet, kamusal bir sorun olma bağlamında anlaşılıp açıklanmasında yazılı basının önemli bir temsil alanı olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Özellikle sektörel bir sorun olarak tanımlanan ve hastalar ile sağlık çalışanlarının ilişkisi sonucu ortaya çıkan şiddet haberleri, yazılı basın açısından önemli bir haber nesnesi haline dönüşmektedir.
Yapılan çalışmada sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik şiddet haberlerini tespit etmek için Hürriyet, Milliyet ve Cumhuriyet gazeteleri incelenmiştir. Verileri analiz edebilmek için gazetelerin resmi internet sayfalarında yer alan mevcut arşivlerine yeniden eskiye sıralanarak ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmada gazetelerin, 1 Ocak 2017- 21 Mayıs 2019 tarihleri arasında günlük yayım yapan sağlıkta şiddet konusunu ele alan toplam 501 gazete haberine erişilmiştir. Gazete haberlerinden 143 tanesi ‘’sağlıkta şiddete yönelik yaşanan’’ haberleri kapsarken, 358 tanesi ‘’sağlıkta şiddete yönelik tepkide bulunan’’ haberleri kapsamaktadır. Toplanan verileri ise analiz edebilmek için MAXQDA 2018 nitel veri analiz programına yüklenilmiş ve betimsel istatistiki yöntemler sayesinde analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. MAXQDA 2018 nitel veri analiz programında tematik kodlama yapılarak içerik analizi değerlendirilmiş ve bulgular yorumlanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucuna göre ise gazete haberlerinde sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik şiddet sıklığı, Türkiye’nin genelini yansıtabilecek çalışmalarda saptananlarla benzerlik gösterebilecek şekilde oldukça yüksek olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.
INTERSECCIONALIDADES CATEGORIAS ARTICULADAS A EXPERIÊNCIAS DE TRABALHADORAS EM CONTEXTO DE PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Barbosa Hayanne , Paiva Irene
Published: March 2021

Neste estudo buscaremos entender a realidade ainda pouco conhecida de trabalhadoras em deslocamentos pendulares em período de pandemia de COVID-19. Situação indelével que modificou a realidade cotidiana de homens e mulheres em todo o mundo. Assim sendo, através do estudo qualitativo nos propormos a discutir os impactos e desafios de 4 trabalhadoras do ramo têxtil que vivenciam experiências de deslocamentos pendulares diante da paralisação da produção do ramo têxtil. Assim, buscaremos ainda refletir, neste contexto, a respeito das suas experiências de trabalhadoras e chefes de família, confortando face à sobreposição de identidades sociais de classe, gênero, raça/etnia dando ênfase, a interposição de sistemas de opressão, ou seja, a categoria interseccional. Nessa perspectiva, nos propormos ao duplo desafio de analisar o cotidiano dessas mulheres trabalhadoras pré-pandemia e durante o período de quarentena. Para tanto, esse ensaio-discussão recorre à teoria filosófica da interseccionalidade somada a experiências concretas de mulheres trabalhadoras. Os dados de campo expostos ao longo do texto são fruto de narrativas históricas de mulheres da comunidade de Capela (Ceará-Mirim) que trabalham nas fábricas do Grupo Riachuelo em Extremoz/RN.
DIVISÃO SEXUAL DO TRABALHO ENTRE HOMENS E MULHERES NO CONTEXTO DA PANDEMIA DA COVID 19
Authors: Abreu de Oliveira Fernanda , Marques de Queiroz Fernanda , Diniz Maria Ilidiana
Published: March 2021

O artigo visa problematizar alguns elementos em torno da desigual divisão sexual do trabalho e como isso vem repercutindo em tempos de isolamento social em face da   pandemia de Covid-19, que tem modificado a dinâmica social, com impactos diferenciados para homens e mulheres, uma vez que, mesmo em espaços em que há algum tipo de divisão do trabalho doméstico e do cuidado, a responsabilização por tais atividades ainda é quase que exclusivamente das mulheres. Compreendemos, portanto, que o trabalho doméstico extrapola a dimensão de uma atividade doméstica, se configurando em uma forma de exploração de milhões mulheres na sociedade capitalista.
MULHERES LIDERANÇAS RURAIS, PARTICIPAÇÃO POLÍTICA E TRABALHO DE CUIDADO DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID -19
Authors: Moraes Lorena Lima de , Sampaio Sieber Shana , Nascimento Funari Juliana
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo buscou refletir sobre a vida das mulheres diante da pandemia da Covid-19 destacando o trabalho das lideranças rurais na mitigação da disseminação do coronavírus em suas comunidades. Partimos das realidades de oito mulheres lideranças rurais, através de entrevistas realizadas via aplicativo para dispositivos móveis, que relataram suas dificuldades e desafios a partir da sua atuação política e comunitária em diferentes contextos do Nordeste brasileiro durante a pandemia. Recorremos às diversas teorias feministas e feminismos para refletir sobre a linha contínua que aloca as esferas pública e privada na compreensão da atuação política das mulheres rurais, os comportamentos das pessoas durante a pandemia de Covid-19, a reprodução dos estereótipos de gênero, assim como as situações de violência e as estratégias locais que perpassam pelo cuidado e pelo autocuidado. No mundo rural, também são as mulheres que seguem na linha de frente na luta pela sobrevivência e sustentabilidade da vida comunitária, antes e durante a pandemia.
A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 NA VIDA DE MULHERES BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Morais Lima Andressa Lidicy , Moraes Lorena Lima de
Published: March 2021

O Dossiê “A pandemia de Covid-19 na vida de mulheres” buscou reunir reflexões, análises teóricas, etnográficas e auto-etnográficas a fim de retratar questões específicas que abarcam as vidas das mulheres brasileiras diante de uma crise repentina que assola os serviços de saúde, o sistema educacional, a saúde física e mental, a economia - com seus modos de produção e consumo, a convivência familiar, as relações e condições de trabalho, as relações afetivas, a divisão sexual do trabalho, a liberdade, o deslocamento, os modos de vida e, sobretudo, as subjetividades.
AB Borç Krizi ve Makroekonomik Göstergelerle Türkiye-PIIGS (Portekiz, İrlanda, İtalya, Yunanistan, İspanya) Ülkeleri Değerlendirmesi
Authors: Gediz Oral Burcu , Arpazlı Fazlılar Tuğba
Published: March 2021

2008-2009'daki Küresel Kriz ile birlikte birçok AB ülkesinde borç krizlerinin patlak vermesi, AB içindeki ekonomik dengesizlikler konusundaki tartışmaların genişlemesine yol açmıştır. Dolayısıyla krizin nedenleri ve etkilerini çeşitli yönleriyle irdeleyen çalışmalar da akademik literatürde yerlerini almıştır. Avro Bölgesi’nin en kırılgan ekonomileri olarak görülen ve krizi ağır biçimde yüklenmek zorunda kalan Portekiz, İrlanda, İtalya, Yunanistan ve İspanya’dan oluşan “çevre ülkeleri ” grubu literatürde yerini almıştır. Bu çalışmada 2008 Küresel Krizi’nin AB’ye yansımaları ve AB Borç Krizi’ne dönüşme süreci ele alınıp, krizden çıkış için uygulanan yapısal reformlar incelenip bunların başarısı tartışılmıştır. Buna ek olarak, ele aldığımız AB üyesi ülkelerin literatürde birlikte anılmalarına neden olan ekonomik yapıları, Türkiye ile birlikte değerlendirilip makroekonomik göstergelerle ilgili yakınsama değerlendirilmiştir.
Morphological and Proteomic Evaluation of Zea Mays in Response to Osmotic Stress
Authors: Thamaga L. , Ruzvidzo O. , Dikobe T.B.
Published: March 2021

Introduction:

Drought is the main abiotic stress responsible for crop loss worldwide. Maize (Zea mays L.) is a widely grown drought-sensitive crop used as a staple food by the growing population. Therefore, it is imperative to assess the molecular mechanisms behind drought response and tolerance in maize. Transcriptomic profiling of abiotic stress responsive pathways in various crops appeared to be an unreliable approach due to post-transcriptional modifications, while there is limited published data on molecular mechanisms of osmotic-stress response in maize. Hence our study aimed at profiling osmotic stress responsive proteins augmented by their associated morphological features in Z. mays.

Materials and Methods:

In this regard, morphological and proteomic investigations were carried out on 16-day maize seedlings exposed to 5% (w/v) and 10% (w/v) polyethylene glycol(PEG) to induce osmotic-stress. Proteomics approach (one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis) compared differential protein abundance between controls and the osmotic stressed maize plants.

Results:

Morphological parameters such as plant growth, height, shoot diameter, leaf area, and colour were highly affected with PEG treatment as compared to the untreated ones. Molecular evaluation by 1D gel electrophoresis revealed that the separated protein patterns were highly expressed in the experiments than the controls. Using 2D gel electrophoresis, a total of seven and eight protein spots were revealed in experimental plants under 5% (w/v) and 10% (w/v) PEG treatment respectively while the control plants only expressed one protein. Increased drought stress resulted in a greater number of proteins with differential abundance.

Conclusion:

This study has successfully profiled the total osmotic stress responsive proteins and revealed the efficiency of proteomic tools in the qualitative detection of differential proteins from maize.
Maximizing the Rice Yield (Oryza Sativa L.) using NPK Fertilizer
Authors: Paiman . , Ardiyanta . , Kusumastuti C. Tri , Gunawan Sri , Ardiani Fani
Published: March 2021

Background:

Rice has become a primary daily necessity for mostly Indonesian population. The upsurge of national rice production can be done by agricultural intensification through the application of NPK fertilizer.

Objective:

This study aimed to determine the optimum dose of NPK Mutiara fertilizer, which could provide the highest rice yield of Ciherang variety in Alluvial soil.

Methods:

This study was a single factor arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The NPK Mutiara fertilizer treatment consisted of four doses, i.e., 0, 160, 320, and 480 kg ha‾1. The data observations were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% significance levels. The difference between the averages of the treatment was compared using Duncan′s new multiple range test (DMRT) at 5% significance levels.

Results:

The results of the research showed that the application of NPK Mutiara fertilizer could increase the growth and yield of the Ciherang variety in Alluvial soil. The quadratic regression analysis revealed that the optimum dose of NPK Mutiata was obtained at 656 kg ha‾1 with the maximum grains dry weight of 4.26 tons ha‾1. The application of NPK Mutiara fertilizer could not affect the shoot root ratio and panicle length.

Conclusion:

The findings of the study suggest that the application of NPK fertilizer interval has not reached the optimum dose in Alluvial soils for the Ciherang variety. Therefore, application of NPK Mutiara fertilizer with doses higher than 480 kg ha‾1 is required for alluvial soils.
Corrected ESR/Albumin Ratio as a Simple, Practical Marker Predicts the Severity in Egyptian Ulcerative Colitis Patients
Authors: El Sharawy Shimaa , El-Horany Hemat , Amer Ibrahim
Published: March 2021

Background:

Serum biomarkers are commonly used for diagnosing and monitoring the disease activity of Ulcerative Colitis (UC) patients. However, their role in predicting disease severity among Egyptian patients is unknown.

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to correlate these biomarkers with clinical, endoscopic and histologic severity.

Methods:

This is a cross-sectional survey where 55 patients with UC were included to measure corrected Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), hematocrit (Hct), corrected ESR/albumin ratio and albumin, as well as colonoscopy and biopsy. Sensitivity and specificity, positive and negative predictive values were correlated with clinical, endoscopic, histologic severity.

Results:

The mean age of patients was 33 ± 8.4 years. In total, 27 (49.1%) were males and 28 (50.9%) were females. Area Under the Curve (AUC) values for the diagnosis of severe clinical disease were 0.947, 0.932, 0.727 and 0.685 for corrected ESR/albumin ratio, corrected ESR, Hct and albumin, respectively. Cut-off value to determine endoscopic severity for Hct was 34 (sensitivity: 88.89%, specificity: 83.78%, PPV: 72.7%, NPV: 93.9%, AUC: 0.963, p<0.001).

Conclusion:

Corrected ESR/albumin ratio was the best predictor of severe clinical activity of UC disease. Hct may be a marker of endoscopic and histological severity due to its high sensitivity and specificity as a diagnostic test.
Techniques adopted in teaching students organic chemistry course for several years
Authors: Sukmawati Wati
Published: March 2021

Organic chemistry is a compulsory course for both science and science education students. Therefore a proper course design is needed to ease the understanding of the concepts considered difficult in terms of learning activities, application of technology, and innovation in the curriculum structure. Various studies have been carried out to solve problems in organic chemistry courses, with the majority focused on concept mastery due to students' difficulty. Furthermore, their thinking skills need to be improved after graduating from the university in accordance with the 21st century, which is associated with the application of technology and curriculum modification. The results showed that most studies in organic chemistry courses focused on improving students' concept, understanding, and thinking abilities. Therefore, little application of technology and curriculum modification is still needed in the innovation of organic chemistry courses, especially in applying technology. In conclusion, courses related to organic chemistry still need innovation, especially in the application of technology. This research can serve as a reference for developing organic chemistry learning in the future.
The Use of Social Media for Health Research Purposes: Scoping Review
Authors: Bour Charline , Ahne Adrian , Schmitz Susanne , Perchoux Camille , Dessenne Coralie , Fagherazzi Guy
Published: March 2021

Background

As social media are increasingly used worldwide, more and more scientists are relying on them for their health-related projects. However, social media features, methodologies, and ethical issues are unclear so far because, to our knowledge, there has been no overview of this relatively young field of research.

Objective

This scoping review aimed to provide an evidence map of the different uses of social media for health research purposes, their fields of application, and their analysis methods.

Methods

We followed the scoping review methodologies developed by Arksey and O’Malley and the Joanna Briggs Institute. After developing search strategies based on keywords (eg, social media, health research), comprehensive searches were conducted in the PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science databases. We limited the search strategies to documents written in English and published between January 1, 2005, and April 9, 2020. After removing duplicates, articles were screened at the title and abstract level and at the full text level by two independent reviewers. One reviewer extracted data, which were descriptively analyzed to map the available evidence.

Results

After screening 1237 titles and abstracts and 407 full texts, 268 unique papers were included, dating from 2009 to 2020 with an average annual growth rate of 32.71% for the 2009-2019 period. Studies mainly came from the Americas (173/268, 64.6%, including 151 from the United States). Articles used machine learning or data mining techniques (60/268) to analyze the data, discussed opportunities and limitations of the use of social media for research (59/268), assessed the feasibility of recruitment strategies (45/268), or discussed ethical issues (16/268). Communicable (eg, influenza, 40/268) and then chronic (eg, cancer, 24/268) diseases were the two main areas of interest.

Conclusions

Since their early days, social media have been recognized as resources with high potential for health research purposes, yet the field is still suffering from strong heterogeneity in the methodologies used, which prevents the research from being compared and generalized. For the field to be fully recognized as a valid, complementary approach to more traditional health research study designs, there is now a need for more guidance by types of applications of social media for health research, both from a methodological and an ethical perspective.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040671
Peer Review of “A Framework for a Statistical Characterization of Epidemic Cycles: COVID-19 Case Study” (Preprint)
Authors: Facente Shelley N
Published: March 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review
Patient Representation Learning From Heterogeneous Data Sources and Knowledge Graphs Using Deep Collective Matrix Factorization: Evaluation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kumar Sajit , Nanelia Alicia , Mariappan Ragunathan , Rajagopal Adithya , Rajan Vaibhav
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Patient representation learning aims to learn features, also called representations, from input sources automatically, often in an unsupervised manner, for use in predictive models. This obviates the need for cumbersome, time- and resource-intensive manual feature engineering, especially from unstructured data such as text, images, or graphs. Most previous techniques have used neural network–based autoencoders to learn patient representations, primarily from clinical notes in electronic medical records (EMRs). Knowledge graphs (KGs), with clinical entities as nodes and their relations as edges, can be extracted automatically from biomedical literature and provide complementary information to EMR data that have been found to provide valuable predictive signals.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of collective matrix factorization (CMF), both the classical variant and a recent neural architecture called deep CMF (DCMF), in integrating heterogeneous data sources from EMR and KG to obtain patient representations for clinical decision support tasks.

METHODS

Using a recent formulation for obtaining graph representations through matrix factorization within the context of CMF, we infused auxiliary information during patient representation learning. We also extended the DCMF architecture to create a task-specific end-to-end model that learns to simultaneously find effective patient representations and predictions. We compared the efficacy of such a model to that of first learning unsupervised representations and then independently learning a predictive model. We evaluated patient representation learning using CMF-based methods and autoencoders for 2 clinical decision support tasks on a large EMR data set.

RESULTS

Our experiments show that DCMF provides a seamless way for integrating multiple sources of data to obtain patient representations, both in unsupervised and supervised settings. Its performance in single-source settings is comparable with that of previous autoencoder-based representation learning methods. When DCMF is used to obtain representations from a combination of EMR and KG, where most previous autoencoder-based methods cannot be used directly, its performance is superior to that of previous nonneural methods for CMF. Infusing information from KGs into patient representations using DCMF was found to improve downstream predictive performance.

CONCLUSIONS

Our experiments indicate that DCMF is a versatile model that can be used to obtain representations from single and multiple data sources and combine information from EMR data and KGs. Furthermore, DCMF can be used to learn representations in both supervised and unsupervised settings. Thus, DCMF offers an effective way of integrating heterogeneous data sources and infusing auxiliary knowledge into patient representations.
Perancangan Sistem Monitoring Konduktivitas dan Padatan Terlarut PDAM Banyumas Berbasis IoT
Authors: Indah Permatasari  , Nia Annisa Ferani Tanjung  , Nur Afifah Zen
Published: March 2021

PDAM merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dalam distribusi air bersih bagi masyarakat. Sebagian masyarakat Indonesia telah menjadi pelanggan air PDAM guna memenuhi kebutuhan air untuk aktivitas sehari-hari. Kualitas air menjadi persoalan penting karena berhubungan erat dengan kesehatan. Pada makalah ini dilakukan perancangan sistem monitoring kualitas air PDAM Banyumas berbasis IoT dengan meninjau parameter konduktivitas (EC) dan padatan terlarut (TDS). Hasil data pengukuran dapat diakses melalui aplikasi Andorid pada smartphone. Aplikasi dirancang menggunakan protokol HTTP dan MQTT. Protokol HTTP digunakan pada user interface untuk mengambil data terakhir pengukuran, sedangkan protokol MQTT digunakan untuk update data pengukuran sehingga proses transmisi data lebih cepat. Sistem akan mengirim pemberitahuan melalui Telegram apabila kualitas air berada di bawah baku mutu. Pengujian akurasi pengukuran dilakukan dengan membandingkan perangkat monitoring yang dibuat dengan alat ukur bersertifikat pada sampel air minum kemasan dan air PDAM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kinerja perangkat monitoring kualitas air PDAM yang dirancang sebesar 97,31% serta kualitas air PDAM Banyumas yang didistribusikan sangat stabil dan aman dikonsumsi.
Karakterisasi Conducted Emission Noise pada Inverter di Sistem Photovoltaic Off-Grid
Authors: Yudhistira  , Dwi Mandaris  , Yoppy  , Hutomo Wahyu Nugroho  , Prayoga Bakti  , Bayu Utomo  , Tyas Ari Wahyu  , Siddiq Wahyu Hidayat  , Ferdaus Ario Nurman  , Tri Desmana Rachmilda  , Deny Hamdani
Published: March 2021

Gangguan elektromagnetik berupa conducted emission noise yang ditimbulkan oleh inverter pada sistem photovoltaic (PV) off-grid telah berhasil dikarakterisasi. Noise yang merambat pada jalur konduksi dihasilkan dari fenomena switching inverter untuk proses konversi daya dari listrik searah (DC) menjadi arus bolak balik (AC). Standar IEC 62920:2017 dan CISPR 25:2016 digunakan untuk mengukur noise yang dihasilkan oleh inverter di sisi DC. Pengukuran conducted emission noise pada inverter dilakukan dalam tiga kondisi, yakni kondisi tanpa beban, terhubung dengan beban lampu pijar 60 W, dan terhubung dengan beban lampu pijar beserta dimmer untuk variasi daya. Pengukuran dilakukan pada lima buah inverter dengan kapasitas daya dan jenis keluaran (output) yang berbeda-beda, yaitu 200 W, 300 W, dan 700 W untuk tegangan keluaran modified sine wave serta 500 W dan 1.000 W untuk tegangan keluaran pure sine wave. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa pada kondisi inverter terhubung dengan beban lampu pijar beserta dimmer, inverter model pure sine wave 500 W dan 1.000 W memiliki peak noise level yang cukup rendah dan berpotensi lebih sedikit untuk menimbulkan gangguan elektromagnetik di sisi DC.
Perancangan Sistem Disinfektan UV-C Sterilisasi Paket sebagai Pencegahan Penyebaran Covid-19
Authors: Reza Satria Rinaldi  , Ika Novia Anggraini
Published: March 2021

Makalah ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya kebutuhan masyarakat terhadap sterilisasi barang-barang yang diperoleh dari jasa pengiriman barang selama pandemi Covid-19. Dengan adanya kebutuhan masyarakat tersebut, jasa pengiriman dan logistik melakukan sterilisasi berupa penyemprotan cairan disinfektan pada paket yang keluar masuk sehingga berdampak pada basahnya paket. Oleh karena itu, perlu satu upaya baru untuk melakukan sterilisasi barang dan logistik agar barang dan logistik yang diterima atau dikirim tetap dalam kondisi baik. Disinfektan ultraviolet C (UV-C) merupakan upaya baru tersebut. Dalam makalah ini, telah dibuat rancangan sebuah sistem disinfektan UV-C untuk sterilisasi paket melalui konveyor mini. Selanjutnya, dibuat area sterilisasi sistem disinfektan UV-C berukuran panjang 90 cm, lebar 50 cm, dan tinggi 50 cm. Sistem disinfektan UV-C yang dirancang membutuhkan daya lampu UV-C sebesar 161,77 watt untuk sterilisasi pada sistem disinfektan UV-C. Hasil pengukuran iradiasi sistem disinfektan UV-C digunakan untuk menghitung lama waktu paparan UV-C. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, sistem disinfektan UV-C yang dirancang mampu membunuh hingga 90% virus corona dengan lama waktu paparan UV-C terhadap paket dalam area sterilisasi minimal 16 detik.
THE PREVALENCE AND DETERMINANT FACTORS OF LOW VITAMIN D LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH PAINFUL DIABETIC NEUROPATHY
Authors: PINZON RIZALDY TASLIM , PRADANA ANDRYAWAN WAHYU , ANGELA
Published: March 2021

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem. Diabetic neuropathy is one of the major diabetes microvascular complications. The previous study suggests that Vitamin D deficiency plays an important role in the development and progression of diabetes and the data in Indonesia are very limited. This study aims to measure the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency and its determinant factors in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN).
Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study. The data were obtained from 53 subjects with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. A pre-designed questionnaire was used to collect data on the patient’s age, gender, duration of diabetes, comorbidities, any diabetic complications, and current treatment for diabetes mellitus. The Vitamin D levels were measured by a standardized method in the Prodia Research Laboratory.
Results: Study findings showed that from 53 study subjects, most of them were female (79.2%). The mean age of subjects was 57.83±8.79 years. We found a high prevalence of low Vitamin D levels in the Indonesian population as many as 98.11% and only 1.9% has sufficiency Vitamin D levels. Gender (p=0.028), hypertension (p=0.027), and controlled complications (p=0.005) were significantly associated with Vitamin D levels.
Conclusion: All patients with PDN in this study had a high prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency. This high prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency also has been reported worldwide. Physician should be aware and continue to treat patients with Vitamin D deficiency.