bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novos medicamentos para o tratamento da tuberculose pulmonar
Authors: Soares Ludmylla Teixeira , Lima Armanda Ingris Vieira de , Boulhosa Edilson Pamplona , Costa Juliana Viana da , Faria Diego Oscar do Vale , Paiva Viviane Moraes de , Ribeiro Renan Bussons Mendes , Lemos Filho Antônio Carlos Monteiro , Arielo Lucas Monteiro , Guimarães Márcia Cristina
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Reunir os principais estudos que abordam os novos tratamentos da tuberculose pulmonar realizados no período de 2018 a 2022. Revisão bibliográfica: A tuberculose é considerada uma doença infectocontagiosa grave, no qual o esquema-padrão recomendado atualmente pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), consiste em uma fase intensiva de 2 meses com isoniazida, rifampicina, pirazinamida e etambutol, em seguida, uma fase de manutenção de 4 meses com isoniazida e rifampicina. A elaboração de esquemas de tratamentos mais seguros e eficazes, de curto período, para Tuberculose Sensível (TBS) e Tuberculose Multirresitente (TBMR) poderia melhorar significativamente o manejo da tuberculose e as taxas de sucesso do tratamento. E assim, reduzir a transmissão e formas mais graves da doença. Considerações finais: No Brasil, o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) garante o esquema-padrão da tuberculose sensível e resistente totalmente gratuito, que se mantem até o momento como o mais eficaz, e considerado relevante diante dos novos tratamentos de escolha SUS, pela eficácia destes fármacos, e suas estratégias de controle e tratamento da TB.
Redefining Antibacterial Strategies with computational Screening of Benzimidazole Ligands Against VanZ Protein for Alternatives of Antibiotic.
Authors: Sur Vishma Pratap , Sen Madhab Kumar , Mazumdar Aninda
Published: January 2024

VanZ has crucial involvement in the modification of the bacterial peptidoglycan precursor and blocking its competence to bind with vancomycin and other related antibiotics. Hence targeting this protein can be an excellent option for combating the antibacterial resistance, particularly in the context of glycopeptide antibiotics like vancomycin. Hence, in this study, we have focused on the screening of 323 benzimidazole-based ligands for their possible interaction with the binding pocket of VanZ. The screening was based on the binding affinity values derived from molecular docking analysis. Furthermore, we had conducted an interacting amino acid analysis and we found six ligands that demand additional investigation. Consequently, we conducted molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using the optimal pose of VanZ to validate the stability of these VanZ–ligand complex and strengthen the consistency of the molecular docking results. Additionally, the pharmacological parameter was checked for all the six compounds. In summary, using the computational studies, we have successfully identified the putative candidates, which can be used for further in-vivo analyses. Our comprehensive approach can serve as a basis for the development of targeted compounds with enhanced efficacy against VanZ.
Organic Dye Photocatalyzed Synthesis of Functionalized Lactones and Lactams via a Cyclization-Alkynylation Cascade
Authors: Cavalli Diana , Waser Jerome
Published: January 2024

An organic dye photocatalyzed lactonization-alkynylation of easily accessible homoallylic cesium oxalates using ethynylbenziodoxolones (EBXs) reagents has been developed. The reaction gave access to valuable functionalized lactones and lactams in up to 88% yield via the formation of two new C-C bonds. The transformation was carried out on primary, secondary and tertiary homoallylic alcohols and primary homoallylic amines and could be applied to the synthesis of spirocyclic compounds, as well as fused and bridged bicyclic lactones.
Exploring Magnesium- and Calcium-Ion Conductors Via Solid-State Metathesis Reactions
Authors: Masese Titus , Kanyolo Godwill , Miyazaki Yoshinobu , Tachibana Shintaro , Komori Sachio , Taniyama Tomoyasu , Orikasa Yuki , Saito Tomohiro
Published: January 2024

Magnesium and calcium batteries offer promising energy storage solutions characterised by cost-effectiveness, safety, and high energy density. However, the scarcity of viable electrode and electrolyte materials vastly hinders their advancement. This study utilises solid-state metathetical reactions involving predominantly chalcogen- and pnictogen-based honeycomb layered oxides with alkaline-earth halides/nitrates to synthesise Mg- and Ca-based materials previously achievable only under high-temperature/high-pressure conditions, as well as new metastable materials with unique crystal versatility. Particularly, we employ metathetical reactions involving Li4MgTeO6, Na2Mg2TeO6, and Na4MgTeO6 with MgCl/Mg(NO3)2 or Ca(NO3)2 at temperatures not exceeding 773 K to produce Mg3TeO6 polymorphs, ilmenite-type CaMg2TeO6 (Mg2CaTeO6), and double perovskite Ca2MgTeO6. Thus, we demonstrate that these materials, conventionally requiring gigascale pressures and high temperatures (>1273 K) for their proper synthesis, are now readily accessible at ambient pressure and considerably lower temperatures. Meanwhile, despite sub-optimal pellet densities, the synthesised ilmenite-type Mg3TeO6 and double perovskite Ca2MTeO6 (M=Mg,Ca,Zn) materials exhibit remarkable bulk ionic conductivity at room temperature, marking them as promising compositional spaces for exploring novel Mg2+ and Ca2+ conductors. Furthermore, this study extends the applicability of metathetical reactions to attain Mg- or Ca-based antimonates, bismuthates, ruthenates, tungstates, titanates, phosphates, and silicates, thus opening avenues to novel multifunctional nanomaterial platforms with utility in energy storage and beyond.
A novel twisted Donor-Acceptor structures with cyano substituents for advancements in Near-Infrared Red TADF Emitters
Authors: Chaskar Atul , Madagyal Sunil , Paul Arindam , Chetti Prabhakar
Published: January 2024

The designing and development of near-infrared (NIR) red emitters have attracted significant attention owing to the challenges of achieving the necessary energy levels for harvesting both singlet and triplet excitons and their unique requirements for this spectral range. Herein, we have reported the designing and synthesis of two novel red TADF emitters 4,4'-(3,6-bis(9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9H)-yl)dibenzo[a,c]phenazine-11,12-diyl)dibenzonitrile (Ac-PhCNDBPZ) and 4,4'-(3,6-di(10H-phenoxazin-10-yl)dibenzo[a,c]phenazine-11,12-diyl)dibenzonitrile (PXZ-PhCNDBPZ) having twisted donor-acceptor structures. A cyano substituent helps to increase the wavelength towards the redshift. These emitters show near-IR emissions at 602 and 698 nm. This work proves that the cyano substituent and rigid acceptor with a strong donor could be an effective approach to exploring high-efficiency red near-infrared TADF materials.
Pillarquinone-based sodium-ion batteries using a highly concentrated electrolyte
Authors: Adil Md , Schmidt Maximilian , Vogt Julia , Diemant Thomas , Oschatz Martin , Esser Birgit
Published: January 2024

Sodium-ion batteries using organic electrode materials are a promising alternative to state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries. However, their practical viability is hindered by challenges such as a low specific capacity of the organic electrode materials, suboptimal interfacial compatibility, the availability of suitable electrolytes, or intrinsic dissolution issues associated with the organic materials. Previous research primarily addressed dissolution mitigation through electrode or materials engineering, often neglecting the substantial influence of the electrolyte. Herein, we use a highly concentrated electrolyte with a small-molecule organic positive electrode based on pillar[5]quinone (P5Q) with a high theoretical specific capacity of 446 mAh g−1, encapsulated within CMK-3 as mesoporous carbon, achieving record cycling performance with improved cycling stability even at elevated temperature (40 °C). Using 5 M sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide in succinonitrile as electrolyte, the P5Q@CMK-3 composite electrode delivers 430 mAh g−1 specific discharge capacity at 0.2C and retains 90% of this value over 200 cycles. This corresponds to an impressive energy density of 831 Wh kg−1 (based on P5Q mass) and surpasses previous reports based on pillarquinones as electrode material. When operated at 40 °C, the P5Q@CMK-3 composite electrodes deliver a record-specific discharge capacity of 438 mAh g−1 with 88% capacity retention over 500 cycles, which translates to a minimal capacity decay of only 0.02% per cycle, and with ca. 100% Coulombic efficiency. This study underscores the crucial role of the electrolyte in advancing the prospect of organic sodium batteries for large-scale energy storage applications, offering a promising avenue for the future of sustainable energy technologies.
Neutral Möbius [5]helicene-embedded Cycloparaphenylene Nanohoops: Synthesis, [4n]Möbius Topology and Hückel Aromaticity
Authors: Yang Huiji , Guo Shengzhu , Guo Weijie , Liu Xiaoyu , He Jing , Fan Yanqing , Lian Zhe , Li Xiaonan , Wang Ying , Jiang Hua
Published: January 2024

The relationship between Möbius topology and aromaticity and topological chirality is still elusive to date, which is, to a large extent, due to the related synthetic challenges and, further, the scarcity in both the quantity and the diversity of the con-structed Möbius systems. In this work, we reported the synthesis of [4n]Möbius conjugated all-carbon nanohoops ([5]H-[7,8]CPPs) by utilizing a [5]helicene unit as a hidden writhe and a masked aromatic unit to overcome the strain inherited from Möbius topology. X-ray analysis revealed that [5]H-[7,8]CPPs contain a [5]helicene moiety and an oligoparaphenylene unit, and display a Möbius topology. Photophysical investigations demonstrated that [5]H-[7,8]CPPs exhibited moderately high fluorescence quantum yields, which are significantly higher than those of pristine [5]helicene and [7,8]CPPs. Chiropti-cal studies revealed that [5]H-[7,8]CPPs displayed an obvious Cotton effect in circular dichroism and bright circularly polar-ized luminescence, indicating that the chirality of [5]helicene was efficiently transferred to the overall carbon nanohoops. Importantly, theoretical investigations reveal that, though possessing a 4n π-electron array, such all-carbon nanohoops are fully conjugated systems with Hückel aromaticity. The results may help us to better understand the relationship between Möbius topology and aromaticity.
PENGARUH KENDARAAN DENGAN MUATAN BERLEBIH TERHADAP UMUR LAYANAN PERKERASAN PADA RUAS JALAN KLATEN–JATINOM
Authors: Kewa Falentino Seran , Handayani Ani Tjitra , Anis Veronica Diana
Published: January 2024

Abstract

 

The capacity of a road pavement structure will decrease with increasing age of the road pavement and increasing traffic loads passing on the road. Apart from that, road damages can also be caused by the quality of the materials used not complying with existing specifications, inadequate soil carrying capacity, and the presence of overloaded vehicles. The aim of this research is to analyze road damage that occurs on the Klaten–Jatinom Road section, which is caused by overloaded vehicles. This study shows that at the end of the next 10 years, the Klaten–Jatinom Road section will only have a remaining service life of 0.15%. This study also shows that the damage that occurred on the Klaten–Jatinom Road section was dominated by block cracking, which is 4.53%.

 

Keywords: road pavement; traffic load; overload; remaining service life; road damage

 

 

Abstrak

 

Kemampuan suatu struktur perkerasan jalan akan mengalami penurunan dengan bertambahnya usia perkerasan jalan dan bertambahnya beban lalu lintas yang melintasi jalan tersebut. Selain itu, kerusakan pada jalan juga dapat disebabkan oleh kualitas bahan yang digunakan tidak sesuai dengan spesifikasi yang ada, daya dukung tanah yang tidak memadai, serta adanya kendaraan dengan muatan berlebih (overloading). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kerusakan jalan yang terjadi di Ruas Jalan Klaten–Jatinom, yang disebabkan oleh kendaraan-kendaraan dengan muatan berlebih. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pada akhir 10 tahun mendatang, ruas Jalan Klaten–Jatinom hanya akan mempunyai sisa umur layan sebesar 0,15%. Studi ini juga menunjukkan bahwa kerusakan yang terjadi di ruas Jalan Klaten–Jatinom didominasi oleh jenis kerusakan Retak Kotak–Kotak (Block Cracking), yaitu sebanyak 4,53%.

 

Kata-kata kunci: perkerasan jalan; beban lalu lintas; muatan berlebih; sisa umur layan; kerusakan jalan
PENGARUH NANO-MATERIAL DAN BIOPOLIMER TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK TANAH LUNAK UNTUK DESAIN PERKERASAN JALAN
Authors: Sanniyah Salwa Siti , Sihombing Atmy Verani R. , Mase Lindung Zalbuin , Susanto Ambar , Somantri Andri Krisnandi , Krisologus Yulianto Petrus
Published: January 2024

Abstract

 

The effect of soft soil modification using nano-materials and biopolymers on road pavement design is discussed in this paper. The nano-materials and biopolymers used in this research are nano-lime and nano-silica, with the biopolymer in the form of chitosan from shrimp shells. First, soil mixed with nano-materials with 1-5 matrix variations and 4 variations of biopolymer mixture (0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2%) were tested in the laboratory to determine the effect of nano-materials and biopolymers on soft soil characteristics, which are expressed by the Atterberg Limit and California Bearing Ratio. Next, the data obtained was used to design road pavement. This study shows that the addition of nano-materials and biopolymers improves soil characteristics, both at the Atterberg Limit and the California Bearing Ratio of the soil. This soil improvement can reduce the thickness of the road pavement by 18.18%.

 

Keywords: soft soil; nano-materials; biopolymers; road pavement; road

 

 

Abstrak

 

Pengaruh modifikasi tanah lunak menggunakan nano-material dan biopolimer terhadap desain perkerasan jalan dibahas pada tulisan ini. Nano-material dan biopolimer yang digunakan pada penilitian ini adalah nano-kapur dan nano-silika, dengan biopolimer berupa chitosan dari kulit udang. Pertama, tanah campuran nano-material dengan variasi matriks 1-5 dan 4 variasi campuran biopolimer (0,05%, 0,1%, 0,15%, dan 0,2%) diuji di labora-torium untuk mengetahui pengaruh nano-material dan biopolimer terhadap karakteristik tanah lunak, yang dinya-takan dengan Atterberg Limit dan California Bearing Ratio. Selanjutnya, data yang diperoleh digunakan untuk merancang perkerasan jalan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penambahan nano-material dan biopolimer memperbaiki karakteristik tanah, baik pada Atterberg Limit maupun pada California Bearing Ratio tanah tersebut. Perbaikan tanah ini dapat mengurangi tebal perkerasan jalan sebesar 18,18%.

 

Kata-kata kunci: tanah lunak; nano-material; biopolimer; perkerasan jalan; jalan
The Role of The Formalization Process on The Product Innovation Results of Small and Medium-sized Private Enterprises in Vietnam
Authors: Dinh Van Thao , Truong Duc Thao , Nguyen Thanh Huyen , Tran Thanh Mai , Hoang Kim Thuy
Published: January 2024

This study assesses the role of formalized business in the innovation activities of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the private sector in Vietnam. Panel data regression analysis is employed in this study. Research data were extracted from three surveys of small and medium private enterprises conducted by the United Nations University (UNU) in 2011, 2013 and 2015. The dataset contains information about enterprises in all major manufacturing sectors, on innovation activity, firm formalization status, and enterprises’ characteristics. Research results show that improving the status of the firm from informal to formal has a significant boost to the overall innovation performance, as well as each type of innovation of small and medium enterprises in Vietnam. This is the first study in Vietnam that examines the impact of formalization on product innovation outcomes of small and medium-sized private enterprises, taking into account the characteristics of enterprises such as size, age, technology level, and other specific features.
cuidado: una capacidad en el desarrollo ético humano
Authors: Hoyos Juan Bernardo
Published: January 2024

El arte de cuidar o el cuidado descrito como una actitud innata de los seres vivos en su instintiva lucha por su supervivencia y por la sostenibilidad en elmundo que conocemos, resulta ser una capacidad de los seres vivos y del hombre en su progreso hacia su humanidad, cuidar es una mirada hacia adentro y hacia el otro, es una responsabilidad, es un ejercicio ético en la persona que reconoce, siente y construye comunidad, cuidar va desde los instintivo y lo personal, desde el cultivo de las virtudes y la compasión enmarcado en la justicia social. En este texto se pretende analizar algunos autores que se han referido al cuidado y a la ética del cuidado desde los sentimientos y las emociones, que han analizado al ser humano en “capacidad de cuidar” y en capacidad de construir cuidado como fuente de ética para el buen vivir.
HISTOGENESIS AND MOLECULAR DEVELOPMENT OF THE LUNG IN NEW ZEALAND WHITE RABBIT (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Authors: Abdelbadea Esraa M. , Ammar Saeed M.S. , Soliman Khaled Z. , Konsowa Mervat M.H.
Published: January 2024

In investigating fetal organ development, fetus of the rabbit was one of the furthermost frequently handled as a model in animal investigational research. During the second half of gestation in rabbit fetuses thorax volume (TV) was the predictive factor for assessment of normal development. Concerning these fetuses, evaluation of lung development was more applicable in the 20th–29th gestational days for experiments. A large internal surface area in which the inspired air and capillary blood got in close contact to each other was specified by the lung tissue. Consequently, an efficient gas exchange was occurred. A cycle of separate but overlapping developmental processes happened to reach this target. The anlage of the left and right lungs appeared as an outpouching of the foregut endoderm during organogenesis. A repetitive process of outgrowth and branching pattern (branching morphogenesis) was occurred in each lung bud. Consequently, all of the future airways were formed mainly during the pseudoglandular stage. Repetitive airspace septation would lead to tremendous increase of the gas exchange surface area in both late fetal and postnatal lung development leading to the formation of alveoli. The first air-blood barriers were appeared and surfactant production began during the canalicular stage.
BIOREMEDIATION OF A PESTICIDE AND SELECTED HEAVY METALS IN WASTEWATER FROM VARIOUS SOURCES USING A CONSORTIUM OF MICROALGAE AND CYANOBACTERIA
Authors: Abdel-Razek Mohamed A , Abozeid Ahmed M , Eltholth Mahmoud M , Abouelenien Fatma A , El-Midany Sami A , Moustafa Nader Y , Mohamed Radi A
Published: January 2024

The presence of organophosphate pesticides and heavy metals in water are known to be toxic to aquatic organisms. Bioremediation makes use of naturally-occurring organisms to remove pollutants from the environment. This study explored the potential of using a consortium of microalgae and cyanobacteria (Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus quadricuda and Spirulina platensis) to remove the organophosphate pesticide malathion and the heavy metals cadmium, nickel and lead from water samples taken from varying combinations of urban wastewater and agricultural drainage water in Egypt. The fastest algal growth observed in this study was in a treatment containing the microorganismal consortium, malathion and heavy metals cultured in water samples taken from agriculture drainage and urban wastewater. Microalgae in this study were able to remove malathion from samples of wastewater with up to 99% efficacy and were able to bioaccumulate nickel at up to 95% efficacy. Moreover, microalgae demonstrated the ability to uptake lead and cadmium at up to 89% and 88% efficacy respectively. The results from this study suggest that a consortium of Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus quadricuda and Spirulina platensis can be effective in remediating the pesticide malathion and the heavy metals cadmium, lead and nickel from wastewater.
IMPACT OF BIOMOS AND AGRIMOS DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, FEED UTILIZATION AND IMMUNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF NILE TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS) FINGERLINGS
Authors: Magouz Fawzy I , Salem Mahmoud F , Moustafa Eman M , Elkhamy Salwa A
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the potential benefits of Biomos® and Agrimos® as prebiotics in Nile tilapia diets. Seven experimental treatments were formulated from 30% protein basal diet to contain Biomos® and Agrimos® at levels of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 % for each, in addition to the control diet without any additives. Three hundreds and fifteen fingerlings of Nile Tilapia (O. niloticus) with average initial weight (7 ± 0.5 g), were randomly allocated into 7 treated groups allotted into 21 glass aquaria (three replicates of 15 fish / each treatment). Each aquarium measured 60× 35× 40 cm2. The fish were fed at 3% fish biomass along the experiment which lasted for 15 weeks. The results revealed significant improvements in growth and all feed utilization parameters in the prebiotic supplemented groups. The diets containing Biomos® (0.1%) and Agrimos® (0.2%) revealed the highest growth and protein utilization parameters values. Experimental fish carcass composition was relatively affected by the different dietary treatments. The hematological, biochemical and immunological parameters of the experimented groups indicated significant increase in Biomos® and Agrimos® treated groups. The achieved results demonstrated that Biomos® and Agrimos® at levels of 0.1% and 0.2%, respectively could be used in Nile tilapia diets without negative effects on growth, feed utilization, blood and immunological parameters. Hence, Biomos® and Agrimos® could be added to commercial diets to improve tilapia fingerlings immune response.
UPAYA SEKOLAH PENGGERAK MEWUJUDKAN PROFIL PELAJAR PANCASILA
Authors: Setiawan David Firna , Yunus Mahmud , Kusumawardhana Buyung , Chaeroni Ninik
Published: January 2024

Evaluasi pelaksanaan gelar karya siswa yang dilakukan oleh seluruh sekolah penggerak di kabupaten Kendal pada jenjang Pendidikan dasar belum dilakukan.Melalui desain eksplanatori (mix-methode explanatory design), penelitian bertujuan untuk melakukan investigasi terhadap pelaksanaan dan kolaborasi yang dilakukan oleh ekosistem sekolah pada penyelenggaraan kegiatan gelar karya (gelar karya siswa). Wawancara dilakukan terhadap kepala sekolah, guru dan komite sekolah untuk mengumpulkan data mengenai perencanaan serta pelaksanaan kegiatan gelar karya. Selain itu, survey juga akan dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan informasi mengenai tanggapan orang tua atas pelaksanaan gelar karya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan gelar karya dianggap memiliki kompleksitas yang tinggi dengan sumberdaya baik manusia maupun finansial yang dibutuhkan untuk melaksanakan kegiatan tersebut dinilai cukup besar. Namun demikian, seluruh responden mensepakati bahwa pelaksanaan kegiatan gelar karya merupakan kegiatan positif yang dapat dijadikan sebagai budaya akademik sekolah sehingga dapat dilaksanakan setidaknya satu tahun sekali.Kata Kunci: Sekolah Penggerak; Profil pelajar Pancasila; Gelar karya
Bibliografia prac Profesora Stanisława Borzyma
Authors: Urbańska-Bożek Maria
Published: January 2024

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Perancangan Aplikasi Orientasi Mahasiswa Baru Berbasis Android dengan Laravel RESTful API dan Lean Touch
Authors: Tan Robby , Wijanto Maresha Caroline , Lieshiana Celine
Published: January 2024

Masa orientasi mahasiswa baru merupakan masa di mana mahasiswa baru melakukan penyesuaian dan pengenalan terhadap lingkungan dan kegiatan di universitas. Selama pandemi COVID-19, masa orientasi mahasiswa baru mengalami perubahan dari pertemuan di kampus menjadi pertemuan di dunia maya. Saat ini, proses orientasi mahasiswa sudah kembali dilaksanakan di kampus, namun masalah-masalah yang terjadi selama adanya pandemi COVID-19 juga masih dialami. Masalah-masalah tersebut berupa masalah komunikasi atau kendala lain seperti kurang sigapnya mahasiswa dalam memperhatikan pengumuman atau kegiatan yang dilaksanakan. Solusi yang dikembangkan merupakan aplikasi untuk membantu proses orientasi yang berjalan di atas sistem operasi Android. Seluruh data untuk aplikasi disimpan dalam sebuah basis data yang dapat diakses dengan menggunakan Representational State Transfer (RESTful) Application Programming Interface (API) berbasis framework Laravel. Pengguna aplikasi Android dibagi menjadi tiga bagian yaitu admin, dosen/ panitia, serta mahasiswa. Aplikasi ini dilengkapi juga dengan markerless augmented reality yang dibuat dengan bantuan library Lean Touch dari Unity. Augmented reality tersebut berfungsi untuk mengenalkan laboratorium yang akan menjadi salah satu tempat pelaksanaan kegiatan perkuliahan. Penunjang lain yang juga dimasukkan dalam aplikasi adalah kuis yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sarana konfirmasi materi atau kegiatan-kegiatan yang dilaksanakan selama masa orientasi mahasiswa baru. Survei yang diberikan kepada panitia/ dosen serta mahasiswa menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi berperan dalam menunjang jalannya kegiatan orientasi mahasiswa baru.
Busca de informação durante a pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Gonçalves Christine Conceição , Barbosa Ricardo Rodrigues
Published: January 2024

O estudo apresenta as fontes de informação formais e informais utilizadas no cenário brasileiro durante a pandemia de COVID-19 e explicita a percepção das pessoas quanto à relevância e confiança nessas fontes. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de  entrevistas semiestruturadas, objetivando descrever as fontes de informação sobre COVID-19 consideradas relevantes e confiáveis para auxiliar  os participantes do estudo na tomada de decisões durante essa pandemia. Os conceitos norteadores do modelo de Savolainen (1995) - Everyday Life Information Seeking (ELIS) foram considerados ao realizar as entrevistas, bem como os conceitos de fontes de informação de Choo (2006) e do Centro Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde (BIREME, 2005). Os resultados mostram que tanto fontes de informação formais quanto fontes informais foram utilizadas para auxiliar a tomada de decisões em saúde. Constatou-se que as mídias digitais e as mídias tradicionais foram prioritariamente utilizadas como fontes de informação sobre a COVID-19. Foram também utilizadas fontes institucionais, fontes científicas, bem como especialistas das áreas de Ciências da Saúde, Ciências Biológicas e áreas afins, além de fontes pessoais de informação. Os dados também revelam que a relevância e confiança atribuídas a essas fontes foram determinadas pelo reconhecimento da autoridade das fontes de informação.
Ciudad y sociedad contemporánea
Authors: Díaz Adela
Published: January 2024

Las investigaciones presentadas en este número de CONTEXTO, Revista de la Facultad de Arquitectura de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, se han agrupado en siete trabajos de investigación de académicos investigadores de nivel nacional e internacional, publicados en el texto Ciudad y sociedad cotemporánea. Enfoques, prácticas y reflexiones desde su comprensión territorial (2023), coordinado por el Dr. Eduardo Sousa González. Estos siete artículos permiten adentrarse a diversos escenarios y contextos urbanos, mostrando casos de trabajo y aportaciones particulares a la investigación.
Pandemi Sürecinde Uzaktan Eğitimde Senkron, Asenkron Ve Hibrit Yapılmış Derslerde Veri Madenciliği İle Öğrenci Performans Analizi
Authors: KIRIŞOĞLU Serdar , YILDIRIM Mehmet
Published: January 2024

Günümüzde üniversite öğrencilerinin eğitime ve eğitim materyallerine internetten erişim oranları oldukça artmıştır. Eğitimde internetin kullanılması ve ders materyallerine erişimin artmasına bağlı olarak analiz edilebilecek veri setinde artış meydana gelmiştir. Bu veri setlerinden bir tanesi de (planlı veya acilen) uzaktan eğitim sürecine geçen üniversitelerin, uzaktan eğitim sistemlerinde biriken ödev, sınav, proje, performans, devam notları ve benzeridir. Yeni Korona Virüs (Covid-19) pandemisinde Yüksek Öğretim Kurumu’nun (YÖK) tavsiyesi ile üniversiteler eğitimlerine uzaktan Asenkron, Senkron ve Hibrit yöntemlerini kullanarak devam etmiş, hatta sınavları uzaktan eğitim sisteminde yapmak zorunda kalmışlardır. Bu araştırmada, Kayseri Üniversitesinin Uzaktan Eğitim Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (KAYUZEM) sisteminden alınmış veriler kullanılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında 8319 işlenmiş veri bulunmaktadır. Bu veriler üzerinde Veri Madenciliği (VM) alanında kullanılan RapidMiner programının otomatik modelleme özelliği kullanılarak varsayılan algoritmalarla geleceğe yönelik tahminleme işlemi yapılmıştır. Varsayılan algoritmalar arasından en iyi sonucu veren Derin Öğrenme, Naive Bayes, Gradient Boosted Trees, Lojistik Regresyon kullanılmış ve bu otomatik modelleme de yer almayan k-En Yakın Komşu (k-NN) algoritması da çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Bu 5 algoritmanın parametreleri üzerinde değişiklikler yapılarak daha iyi sonuçlar elde edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Öğrenci başarısına göre en iyi tahminleme sonucunu, Lojistik Regresyon ile kurulan model vermiştir. Derse katılma yöntemlerinin tümünün (Senkron, Asenkron ve Hibrit) öğrenci başarısına etkisi Karışıklık Matrisi yöntemiyle karşılaştırılmıştır ve en güvenilir yöntemin Hibrit olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışma ile üniversitelerde derse katılma yöntemlerinden hangisinin, öğrenciler açısından daha güvenilir olacağına yönelik çıkarımlarda bulunulmuştur. Dolayısıyla yapılan çıkarımlar ile birlikte bir dahaki akademik dönem için öğrenci başarı düzeyinin artması yönünde, derse katılma yöntemlerinden hangisinin daha güvenilir olduğu konusunda tahminleme mümkün olmuştur.
İnsan Femurunda Eksenel ve Yanal Darbe Yüküne Maruz Kalan Kemik-İmplant Sisteminin Analizi
Authors: MADEN Okan , TÜFEKÇİ Kenan
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışmada uyluk (femur) kemiği gövdesinde meydana gelen kırıkları tedavi etmek için halihazırda kullanılan implanta alternatif olarak yeni tasarım implant sunulmuş ve implant-kemik sistemindeki kemik üzerine gelen gerilme azaltılmaya çalışılmıştır. Halihazırda kullanılan implant, üretici katalogdan seçilmiştir. ANSYS 19.2 programında dinamik ve statik analizler gerçekleştirilerek her iki implatın mekanik performansı karşılaştırılmıştır. İmplant-kemik sistemine yatay ve dikey yönlerde 3 m/s, 4 m/s ve 5 m/s hızlarında 80 kg olduğu varsayılan ağırlığın darbe modellemeleri yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre alternatif yeni tasarım implant kullanılarak eksenel yönden gelen kuvvetin kemikte oluşturduğu gerilme sağlam kemiğe göre %38,7 oranında, eksene dik yönden gelen kuvvetin kemikte oluşturduğu gerilme ise %28,3 oranında azaltılmıştır.
Validitas Perangkat Pembelajaran Berbasis Model Kooperatif Tipe TPS Berbantuan Self Evaluation Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Peserta Didik
Authors: Indrianti Lilik , Verawati Ni Nyoman Sri Putu , Zuhdi Muhammad , Makhrus Muh
Published: January 2024

Memecahkan masalah fisika merupakan kesulitan yang sering dihadapi peserta didik dalam pembelajaran fisika. Salah satu solusi yang dapat dilakukan adalah memfasilitasi guru dan peserta didik dengan perangkat yang menunjang kemampuan pemecahan masalah fisika. Hal inilah yang melatarbelakangi penulis untuk mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran dengan model kooperatif tipe think-pair-share berbantuan self evaluation untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah fisika peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk berupa perangkat pembelajaran dengan model kooperatif tipe think-pair-share yang valid dan reliabel pada materi usaha dan energi. Produk yang dihasilkan meliputi silabus, Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP), Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD), dan instrumen tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis Research and Development model 4D, terdiri dari define, design, develop dan disseminate. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar validasi. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan validasi menunjukkan perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan dalam kategori sangat valid dan reliabel, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran model kooperatif tipe think-pair-share valid, dan reliabel digunakan dalam pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah fisika peserta didik.
Social Media and Radicalization: The Latest Threat to Religious Moderation
Authors: Gani Abdul , Fattah Abdul , Nasri Ulyan
Published: January 2024

This research explores the impact of social media on radicalization and its implications for religious moderation. The research background reflects a shift in communication paradigms in the digital society, increasing vulnerability to radical ideologies. The research aims to analyze how social media serves as a primary channel for the dissemination of radical ideologies and identify moderation strategies that can be applied. The research methodology involves a critical analysis of scholarly literature discussing the role of social media in the radicalization process. Data collection techniques include searching and reviewing relevant articles, books, and scholarly papers. Data analysis is conducted through a thematic approach to identify patterns, trends, and conceptual relationships. The research findings highlight the complexity of radicalization challenges in the era of social media, emphasizing the importance of a profound understanding of online dynamics to design effective moderation responses. The research conclusion underscores the need for cross-sector collaboration and joint efforts to address this radicalization threat. The implications of this research include the necessity for proactive public policies to monitor and regulate online content and promote critical digital literacy. Overall, this research provides valuable insights for developing adaptive and responsive religious moderation strategies in the current dynamics of social media.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah Melalui Metode Praktikum Terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Pada Materi Pengukuran
Authors: Putri Dewi Riska , Susilawati Susilawati , Wahyudi Wahyudi
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini berjudul “Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah Melalui Metode Praktikum Terhadap Hasil Belajar Pesrta Didik Pada Materi Pengukuran” dengan jenis penelitian quasi eksperimental yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis masalah melalui metode praktikum terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik pada materi pengukuran. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X IPA SMA Negeri 3 Praya. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sumpling, sehingga diperoleh kelas X IPA 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas X IPA 5 sebagai kelas kontrol. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah nonequivalent control group design, dimana kedua sampel tadi akan diberikan perlakuakn yang berbeda. Untuk kelas eksperimen diberikan perlakuan pembelajaran menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah melalui metode praktikum, sedangkan kelas kontrol diberikan perlakuan dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Hasil belajar yang diukur, yaitu ranah kognitif yang meliputi tingkatan kognitif C1 sampai C6. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes soal pilihan ganda sebanyak 17 soal. Data hasil belajar dianalisis menggunakan statistik parametrik, yaitu t-test polled varians dengan taraf signifikan 5% atau 0,05 dan diperoleh  sebesar 3,59 dan  sebesar 2,00. Jika  lebih besar dari , maka  ditolak dan  diterima, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran berbasis masalah melalui metode praktikum berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik pada materi pengukuran.
Kompetensi Manajerial Kepala Madrasah Dalam Pengembangan Mutu di MTsN Lombok Barat
Authors: Rohanah Rohanah , Citriadin Yudin , Purwati Nining
Published: January 2024

Peran madrasah sebagai institusi pendidikan begitu penting dalam menjawab tantangan dan kebutuhan masyarakat. Salah satu wujud peran madrasah adalah dengan meningkatkan mutu madrasah. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat bagaimana kompetensi manajerial kepala sekolah dalam aspek perencanaan pengembangan mutu madrasah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di MTsN Lombok Barat. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) kepala sekolah sudah melaksanakan perencanaan pengembangan mutu dengan semaksimal mungkin, 2) perencanaan pengembangan mutu madrasah dilakukan dengan cara: a) pembentukan tim pengembangan kurikulum, b) penyusunan anggaran, c) pengembangan kompetensi guru.
ANALISIS SPASIAL SEBARAN DAN KERAPATAN MANGROVE DENGAN INTERPRETASI CITRA SATELIT SENTINEL 2A DI KECAMATAN MAMUJU
Authors: Hardiana Arpin
Published: January 2024

Mangrove adalah vegetasi yang umum dijumpai di wilayah pesisir Kecamatan Mamuju. Penggunaan citra satelit dalam teknologi penginderaan jauh memungkinkan identifikasi mangrove. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk melakukan pemetaan sebaran dan kerapatan mangrove di Kecamatan Mamuju. Citra satelit yang digunakan untuk menganalisis sebaran dan kerapatan mangrove menggunakan citra Sentinel 2A. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan penginderaan jauh menggunakan band komposit dan analisis Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Berdasarkan penelitian, ditemukan bahwa total luas mangrove di Kecamatan Mamuju mencapai 337,84 ha. Dari luas tersebut, 328,50 ha atau sekitar 97% merupakan area dengan vegetasi rapat. Terdapat juga sekitar 3,55 ha atau sekitar 1% dari total luas mangrove yang memiliki kerapatan vegetasi sedang, sementara 5,79 ha atau sekitar 2% dari luas mangrove memiliki kondisi kerapatan vegetasi jarang. Kerapatan didominasi oleh vegetasi rapat dengan nilai NDVI 0.43 sampai 0.9416.
The Museum as a Choir: Visitor Reactions to the Multivocality at the Humboldt Forum’s Berlin Global Exhibition
Authors: Zavadski Andrei , Hilden Irene
Published: January 2024

The contemporary museum has two contradictory agendas. It is supposed to be a place of dialogue, debate, and even conflict – and it is called upon not to shy away from positioning itself in relation to contemporary discussions, which implies engaging in an activist museum practice and advancing social justice. The current article contributes to the debates on this apparent paradox from an audience studies perspective. Adopting Berlin Global, an exhibition in the newly opened Humboldt Forum in Berlin, Germany, as a case study, it describes the exhibition’s embeddedness in the human rights framework as a choir-like, polyphonic multivocality, seen as a type of multiperspectivity in which a diversity of voices ‘sing’ in unison. Employing ethnography as the methodological approach, the authors analyse visitor reactions to the exhibition’s multiperspectivity and positioning. They demonstrate that some visitors perceive Berlin Global as highly political and even ideological. This leads the authors to join the arguments in favour of ‘agonistic interventions’ that not only potentiate a better balance of multivocality with positioning and thus offer a solution to the aforementioned paradox, but also, they contend, increase the chance of engaging those who would otherwise reject the exhibition.
With and beyond museums. Cultural heritage work in the Somali diaspora
Authors: Rastas Anna , Niinikangas Ilona
Published: January 2024

This article looks at how new diaspora communities are carrying out heritage work with and outside museums. Based on a multidisciplinary theoretical framework, extensive research materials and long-term collaboration with Somalis who have been involved in museum and exhibition projects in Finland, our ethnographic study illustrates how Somalis cherish and talk about their cultural heritage in diaspora. Our analysis reveals the complexity of diaspora communities’ cultural heritage and how Finnish museums have—or not—recognised the rapidly growing Somali diaspora. It also shows the extent of independent cultural heritage work that Somalis do outside museums. Our findings contribute to discussions on inclusive museum work.
Computational Models in Systems and Synthetic Biology: Short Overview
Authors: Marian Gheorghe
Published: January 2024

Computational models used in specifying biological systems represent a complement and become an alternative to more widely used mathematical models. Amongst some of the advantages brought by these computational models, one can mention their executable semantics and mechanistic way of describing biological system phenomena. This short overview report enumerated some of the computational models utilised so far in systems and synthetic biology, the associated analysis and formal verification methods and tools, and a way of facilitating a broader use of this alternative approach.
The Effect of SGLT-2i and GLP-1RA on Major Cardiovascular Conditions: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Arjun V Jogimahanti , Kevin A Honan , Talha Ahmed , Luis Leon-Novelo , Tarif Khair
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RA) are two common anti-hyperglycemic agents prescribed by clinicians. The effects on cardiovascular conditions such as Heart Failure (HF) hospitalization, stroke, Myocardial Infarctions (MI), and other cardiovascular conditions are not well studied. The purpose of this study is to analyze existing data on the effect of SGLT-2i and GLP-1RA on preventing these cardiovascular conditions. Methods: A retrospective meta-analysis of all existing literature on the effect of SGLT-2i and GLP-1RA on the rates of the following categories were researched: primary cardiovascular outcomes, HF hospitalizations, Atrial Fibrillation (AF), stroke, MI, and HF symptoms. Hazard ratios for each category were obtained, and the overall Hazard Ratio (HR) to determine overall statistical significance was computed. Result: Both medication classes provided a statistically significant reduction in preventing major cardiovascular events. Only SGLT-2i provided a statistically significant reduction in heart failure hospitalizations. Only GLP-1RA provided a statistically significant reduction in preventing stroke. Neither medication class provided a statistically significant benefit in preventing myocardial infarctions. More studies are needed on the effects of either SGLT-2i or GLP-1RA agonists on preventing HF symptoms or AF. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that SGLT-2i and GLP-1RA are important for improving both diabetic and cardiovascular health. In patients at risk for a major cardiovascular event, SGLT-2i or GLP-1RA may be prescribed by clinicians. More studies must be performed to draw more conclusions.
The turtle fauna of a West African rainforest (Taï national park, Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Aya Blanche Prisca IRI  , Konan Hervé OUSSOU  , N’Guessan Emmanuel ASSEMIAN  , Abdoulaye DIARRASSOUBA
Published: January 2024

The turtle population of Taï National Park (TNP), located in southwest Côte d'Ivoire, was surveyed to determine the diversity of turtles in this Park and to identify their preferred habitats. Data collection was carried out from April to October 2021 in different habitats of the park using the unmarked observation method. This method involved opportunistic sampling during reconnaissance walks for terrestrial species and baited traps were used for aquatic species. A total of four turtle species were recorded: two terrestrial species (Kinixys erosa and Kinixys homeana) and two aquatic species (Pelusios cupulatta and Trionyx triunguis). The turtle fauna study sites were composed of open undergrowth, closed undergrowth and swamp habitats for terrestrial turtles. Aquatic turtles were observed in the Meno River. According to the IUCN Red List, the species Kinixys homeana and Trionyx triunguis are classified as critically endangered and vulnerable respectively. As for the other two species, there is insufficient data to assess their international conservation status.
Retrospective Evaluation of Risk Factors for Ischemic Heart Disease in Patients with Dermatitis Herpetiformis
Authors: GÜLBAŞARAN Fatmagül , ÖZBAĞCİVAN Özlem , ÇİL Doğuhan , YILMAZ Mehmet Birhan
Published: January 2024

Background and Purpose: Some have proposed that the cardiovascular risk among individuals with DH differs from that of the general population. This study aimed to analyze cardiovascular risk factors in DH patients and compare them to a matched control group without DH or celiac disease.

Methods: This was a retrospective hospital-based study involving patients diagnosed with DH, both clinically and histopathologically, along with age- and sex-matched control subjects without the disease. The presence of ischemic heart disease, and the risk factors including laboratory values, treatment and comorbidity histories were evaluated comparatively. (SPSS version 28.0).

Results: Thirty-five patients with DH and 49 controls were included. No significant difference was found between the DH patients and controls regarding the prevalence of ischemic heart disease (22.9% vs. 14.3%, p:0.312). Diabetes mellitus was significantly higher and HDL cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the DH group (respectively, p: 0.044 and p: 0.018). Celiac autoantibodies, the laboratory values, or treatments did not show any significant correlation with heart disease in DH.

Conclusion: This study revealed that HDL cholesterol were significantly lower in DH patients compared to general population. More research is needed to optimize the cardiovascular health of DH patients.
KULTUR PERTUMBUHAN MIKROALGA Spirulina sp. PADA MEDIA ASAM, NETRAL DAN ALKALINE SKALA LABORATURIUM
Authors: Tambunan Ayu Lestari , Yuniar Is , Trisyani Ninis
Published: January 2024

Mikroalga merupakan salah satu biota perairan yang bermanfaat sebagai pakan alami. Salah satu mikroalga yang banyak digunakan untuk pakan alami adalah Spirulina sp. ganggang hijau-biru bersel tunggal dan berfilamen yang termasuk ke dalam kelompok Sianobakter. Spirulina sp. merupakan mikroalga yang memiliki protein tinggi sehingga berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai pakan alami. Selama budidaya, pengaturan pH dibutuhkan oleh Spirulina sp. dapat ditemukan di perairan dengan pH alkaline. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepadatan spirulina sp. yang dikultur dalam  media asam, netral dan alkaline dengan kisaran pH 5-6, 6-7, 7-8, 8-9, 9-10. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen laboratoris, dengan teknik pengambilan data melalui observasi langsung dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) karena selain unit perlakuan maka semua faktor dibuat homogen atau dihomogenkan. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, bahwa pada media asam, netral dan alkaline skala laboraturium sangat berbeda nyata terhadap kepadatan Spirulina sp. kepadatan populasi  yang terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan E  nilai rata-rata 4.48 unit/ml dengan kisaran pH 9-10 penambahan 3g baking soda, 1L air dan 1,5 pupuk walne kepadatan populasi  terendah terdapat pada perlakuan A nilai rata-rata 1.72 unit /ml dengan kisaran pH  5-6 penambahan 11/2 asam asetat, 1L air dan 1,5 pupuk walne.