bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Middlebrook 7h11 Reduces Invalid Results and Turnaround Time of Phenotypic Drug-Susceptibility Testing of M. Tuberculosis
Authors: Rupasinghe Praharshinie , Vereecken Jens , Graulus Pieter , Decroo Tom , Ardizzoni Elisa , Hewison Cathy , Donchuk Dimitri , Huerga Helena , Mesic Anita , Rigouts Leen , de Jong Bouke C.
Published: December 2022

Background:

Phenotypic drug-susceptibility testing (pDST), which relies on growth inhibition in the drug-containing media, remains a challenge for fastidious Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBc) isolates due to insufficient growth on the growth controls (GC). Middlebrook 7H11 (M7H11) medium contains casein hydrolysate, which may favor the growth of such strains.

Method:

In this study, we tested whether M7H11 reduces invalid results due to insufficient growth on the GCs and the turnaround time (TAT) of pDST for MTBc compared to Middlebrook 7H10 (M7H10) without affecting the accuracy of the pDST results and how it differs between rifampicin- and isoniazid-susceptible non multi-drug resistant (non-MDR), MDR and MDR with additional resistance to fluoroquinolones (Pre-XDR) MTBc isolates. We compared the proportions of invalid pDST results due to lack of growth on the GCs, TATs of valid parallel drug-susceptibility testings as an indicator of speed of MTBc growth, and colony-forming unit (CFU) count on the most diluted GC of the parallel pDSTs after equal incubation periods as an indicator of growth abundance on M7H11 and M7H10. We also analyzed the agreement between the pDST results of the same drug or drugs in the same drug class, tested in parallel on both media.

Results:

For MDR and pre-XDR isolates, relative to M7H10, M7H11 significantly reduced the occurrence of invalid pDST results due to insufficient growth on the GCs (odds ratio [OR] = ∞ [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.9–∞], P = 0.004 for MDR, OR = ∞ [95% CI 3.3–∞], P = 0.0001 for pre-XDR) and the TAT of pDSTs (OR = 17 [95% CI 2.6–710.4], P = 0.0001 for MDR, OR = 9.3 [95% CI 4.0–26.5], P < 0.0001 for pre-XDR). The growth abundance of MTBc on M7H11 was significantly higher compared to M7H10 (17 CFU on M7H10 vs. 28 on M7H11), irrespective of drug-resistance profiles. The agreement between the pDST results between the two media was high (Cohen's k > 0.98).

Conclusion:

Our study findings suggest that M7H11 is preferred over M7H10 for pDSTs of MTBc isolates.
A Tale of Three in Symbiosis
Authors: Mulkoju Ravindra Chari , Rajuri Venkateshwarlu , Leo Sneha , Kolan Raghava Reddy
Published: December 2022

Coinfections/mixed infections are common in the respiratory tract. Many times existing organisms have similar risk factors and clinical features that make the diagnosis difficult. Coronavirus diagnosed in 2019 (COVID-19) and tuberculosis (TB) are two such diseases. Patients with TB have lower cellular immunity and impaired pulmonary function. In such environment, atypical organisms, can infect and make the outcome unfavorable. A 21-year-old malnourished (body mass index- 15 kg/m2) girl presented with fever and cough for 10 days. Sputum for Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test demonstrated Mycobacterium tuberculosis with no rifampin resistance. Fever persisted (100–101°F) and saturation was dropping even after 10 days of antitubercular treatment. A repeat reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction was done and was positive. In view of persistent symptoms after 20 days, bronchoscopy was done, and cultures showed Bordetella bronchiseptica. Fever and symptoms resolved completely after initiation of the sensitive drug. Diagnostic delay in coinfections can lead to increased morbidity and mortality.
Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Incidence of Mycobacterial Diseases among Suspected Tuberculosis Pulmonary Patients in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Aghajani Jafar , Farnia Poopak , Farnia Parissa , Ghanavi Jalaledin , Saif Shima , Marjani Majid , Tabarsi Payam , Moniri Afshin , Abtahian Zahra , Hoffner Sven , Velayati Ali Akbar
Published: December 2022

Background:

Recent pandemic of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) caused limitations in the country's strategies to fight against mycobacterial infections. The aim of this study was to compare the suspected tuberculosis (TB) pulmonary patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (January 2018–December 2021) who were referred to the National Reference TB Laboratory (NRL TB), Tehran, Iran. The mycobacterial isolated strains were identified and compared with previous data.

Methods:

A total of 16,899 clinical samples collected from 7041 suspected pulmonary TB patients were received from 2018 to 2021. Primary isolation ofMycobacteriumisolates was done on Löwenstein–Jensen medium. Then, the DNA was extracted from acid-fast bacillus culture-positive samples and identification was performed by IS6110, Hsp65, and 16S-23S rRNA genes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism, and nested PCR methods.

Results:

A total of 11679 specimens (69.1%) from 4866 suspected TB patients were collected in 2018–2019 and 5220 specimens (30.8%; from 2175 patients) in 2020–2021. Out of 11679 specimens, 2046 samples that belong to 852 patients were infected withMycobacterium tuberculosis,and the remaining were non-TBMycobacterium(NTM) species (n= 244) isolated from 102 patients. The cultures for 12894 specimens were either negative (76.3%) or contaminated (845/16899; 5%). A comparison of the total number of patients who were referred for diagnosis and treatment (954/666 patients,P> 0.05) showed a 30.1% reduction during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although, with these low number of patients, the significant increases of NTM species (P< 0.05) among suspected TB pulmonary patients were observed. Besides, new species of NTM, for example,Mycobacterium peregrinumandMycobacterium montefiorense,were detected. For the past 20 years, these two species were not reported from pulmonary patients in Iran.

Conclusions:

During the pandemic of COVID-19, the TB diagnosis network became irregular, as a consequence, many patients could not reach the treatment center, and this could increase the circulation of mycobacterial diseases (TB and NTM). The study shows the emergence of new opportunistic NTM species also.
Novel and Rare Species of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria by Hsp-65 Gene Sequencing
Authors: Kadasu Rajashekhar , Teja Vijay Dharma , Angaali Neelima , Rao Patil Madhusudhan Appa , Paramjyothi G. K. , Bhaskar K.
Published: December 2022

Background:

Nontuberculosis mycobacterium (NTM) is the emerging group of organisms being recognized as etiological agents for diverse clinical conditions such as lymphadenitis, cutaneous, and pulmonary or disseminated lesions. Diverse background patients can acquire these infections such as immunocompetent, immunocompromised patients, or postoperative settings. Rapid addition of newer strains to this group necessitates heightened suspicion in the clinical settings. Specific requirements for cultures, biochemical testing, and molecular methods are needed to diagnose these organisms.

Methods:

The prospective study conducted at Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences from January 2019 to December 2021 using various clinical samples using molecular techniques such as line probe assay and hsp-65 gene sequencing to discover new NTM species. The management is challenging since it requires prolonged treatment, multiple drugs, drug resistance, and individualization of treatment in the combination of surgery if needed. In this article, we describe three different NTM species which were not reported in India and highlight to consider these organisms in adequate clinical situation.

Results:

Mycobacterium iranicum is a rare strain with quick growth and scotochromogenic colonies that are orange-colored. Eight distinct strains were discovered in clinical samples from six different countries: Two each from Iran, Italy, Greece, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United States. Two of the strains were recovered from cerebrospinal fluid, which is unusual. Mycobacterium species AW6 is an unidentified and unclassified Mycobacterium according to NCBI taxonomy. Mycobacteria malmoense has been linked to lymphadenitis, notably cervical adenitis in children, and pulmonary infection in the majority of cases. Using Line Probe Assay and hsp-65 gene sequencing, novel and uncommon species of NTM were detected from a clinical samples, including sputum and tissue.

Conclusion:

We report three unusual species of NTMs: M. iranicum, M. species-AW6, and M. malmoense for the first time in India. Novel and rare emerging species of NTMs need to be considered in diverse clinical situations for appropriate therapy and good clinical outcomes.
A Masquerade
Authors: Bhatt Varsha Rajat , Zanwar Abhishek Arvind , Patel Aditi Mahesh , Adapa Mounika Sai
Published: December 2022

Leprosy and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) often mimic clinical features of connective tissue disease (CTD). They can present such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, or overlap syndromes and it sometimes creates confusion about the diagnosis. Serology may not be enough to differentiate the two and effective tissue biopsies are often the answer. We report the case of a 38-year-old female, who presented clinically with features of multisystem involvement suspected to be CTD, but was found to have dual infection: HIV and borderline tuberculoid leprosy.
Evaluation of Xpert Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Rifampicin for Tuberculosis Diagnosis in a Reference Laboratory
Authors: Ule Belotti Naiara Ule , Madela Naiady Konno , Tonelli Nardi Susilene Maria , Mariano Daniele Cristina , de Souza Nilza Gomes , Oliveira Rosangela Siqueira , Paro Pedro Heloisa da Silveira
Published: December 2022

Background:

The Xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rifampicin (MTB-RIF) is a technological innovation that presents precision and speed in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). The study aimed to evaluate the performance of Xpert MTB/RIF in the TB diagnosis and compare its results with those of culture, species identification, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST), and rpoB gene sequencing of discordant results in AST, used for the diagnosis of TB in a reference laboratory.

Methods:

Cross-sectional descriptive study of pulmonary and extrapulmonary samples requesting Xpert MTB/RIF and culture for TB diagnosis from 2015 to 2019 at Adolfo Lutz Institute-São Paulo/Brazil. The analysis was performed with Epi-Info 7.2.1, presenting the distribution of frequencies and, for comparative analyses, Pearson's Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used, considering P ≤ 0.05 as statistically significant. For variables agreement, the Kappa method was used.

Results:

A total of 1575 pulmonary and extrapulmonary samples were analyzed using Xpert MTB/RIF and culture, of which 293 were positive for the MTB Complex in both methodologies with a sensitivity of 94.55%; specificity of 95.97%; accuracy 95.69%; positive predictive value 85.53%; negative predictive value 98.59%, substantial agreement by Kappa 0.87, and detection sensitivity even at lower levels of bacillary load (P < 0.05). The Xpert MTB/RIF and AST showed concordant results (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The study brings forward that the Xpert MTB/RIF shows substantial agreement with the results of culture and AST, contributing to the diagnosis of TB and the rapid detection of resistance. The sequencing of resistant cultures in Xpert MTB/RIF and sensitivity in AST identified the H526N mutation, characterized by a low level of resistance to RIF.
Outcomes of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment in Istanbul
Authors: Güner Abdullah Emre , Kiziltas Sule , Babalik Aylin , Sahin Esra , Sibel Al , Safak Mine , Kiliçaslan Zeki
Published: December 2022

Background and Aim:

Increasing the extensity of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment which is one of the important parameters of tuberculosis (TB) control and completing the treatment in success are important. The purpose of this study is to evaluate LTBI treatment indications and treatment outcomes of patients who received LTBI treatment in İstanbul between 2016 and 2018.

Methods:

The treatment outcomes of people who started LTBI treatment registered in TB dispensaries in Istanbul between 2016 and 2018 were analyzed retrospectively according to the variables of the age groups, gender, dispensary subgroups, and prevention treatment indications. Data collected from the health institutions were evaluated.

Results:

26.920 patients received LTBI treatment in all Istanbul TB dispensaries between 2016 and 2018. The evaluation of LTBI treatment indications; contact 15.696, Tuberculin skin test (TST) positivity 2224, immunosuppression 8746, TST conversion 58, sequelae lesion 15, and other indications are identified as 181. The groups which diagnosed with TB disease, mortality, transfer, other, and still in treatment are excluded from the analysis of LTBI treatment outcomes. A total of 25.253 patients were analyzed. 65 percent of the patients had completed LTBI treatment. Variables effective for treatment outcomes are analyzed with logistic regression. Treatment discontinuation was statistically significantly lower in 2017 (odds ratio [OR]: 0.906 confidence interval [CI] [95%] [0.849–0.968]) and 2018 (OR: 0.635 CI [95%] [0.594–0.679]) compared to 2016. Treatment lost to follow-up was statistically significantly lower in those receiving LTBI treatment with the indication of tuberculin skin test positivity (OR: 0.541 CI [95%] [0.487–0.600]) and the indication of immunosuppression (OR: 0.284 CI [95%] [0.142–0.569]) compared to those who received LTBI treatment due to contact. When the treatment results are evaluated according to the TB incidence of the region where the dispensaries are located, treatment lost to follow-up was higher in 101–200 per 100,000 incidence group (OR: 1.201 CI [95%] [1.123–1.285]) and incidence of 201–370 per 100,000 (OR: 1.461 CI [95%] [1.358–1.572]). Treatment lost to follow-up was higher in dispensaries on the European side (OR: 1.293 CI [95%] [1.203–1389]) and the 0–35 age group (OR: 1.248 CI [95%] [1.168–1.333]).

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the treatment completion rate should be improved for an effective LTBI treatment which is one of the important parameters of targeted TB elimination. Particularly people under the age of 35 years and regions with high-TB incidence should receive special care and close follow-up.
What is the Prevalence of Pulmonary Hypertension in Thalassemic Patients in Guilan? A Retrospective Analytic Study
Authors: Fakhr-Moosavi Seyyed Aboozar , Salari Arsalan , Borghei Yasaman , Hasandokht Tolou , Haghdoost Afrooz , Mousavi Seyed Mehdi , Ramezani Sajad
Published: December 2022

Introduction:

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is quite common among patients with thalassemia, and it can lead to cardiac failure and even death in those patients.

Methods:

This current cross-sectional study was conducted with 155 patients with β-thalassemia major and thalassemia intermedia referring to Razi Hospital Rasht, Iran in a recent year. All patients underwent echocardiography and the data (including age, sex, thalassemia type, splenectomy history, deferoxamine usage, hydroxyurea usage, hemoglobin, and ferritin level) were collected by a researcher-made checklist. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software.

Results:

The prevalence of PH was 13.7% in this study. There was a correlation between sex, thalassemia type, deferoxamine usage, and ferritin level with a prevalence of PH. However, there was not a significant relationship between splenectomy history, hydroxyurea usage, and hemoglobin level with PH prevalence (P = 0.187, P = 0.035, and P = 0.178, respectively).

Conclusions:

The findings of the study represented that the proposed variables can cause and exacerbate cardiac complications and may have a correlation with the disease's side effects. By conducting more studies and designing a more promising interventional study with a higher sample size, using the results of this study and similar studies, a step could be taken to identify patients susceptible to exacerbation of cardiac complications earlier. By treating them, we may be able to increase their chance of survival in the long run.
The Short Outcomes and In-Hospital Complications in Patients with STEMI Revascularized with Primary PCI
Authors: Singh Ambukeshwar , Narain Varun , Sharma Jayesh , Chaudhary Gaurav , Vishwakarma Pravesh , Yadav Sharad , Dwivedi Sudhanshu
Published: December 2022

Context:

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the most effective reperfusion therapy with low complication rate in comparison to thrombolysis.

Aims:

We aimed to study the short-term outcomes of primary PCI at a large tertiary care center in India.

Settings and Design:

A prospective cohort of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who underwent primary PCI was enrolled between December 2015 and November 2016.

Subjects and Methods:

The demographic profile, risk factors, clinical characteristics, inhospital complications, and outcomes at 30 days were assessed. The primary outcome was a composite of death, reinfarction, and repeat revascularization. Acute left ventricular failure (LVF), complete heart block (CHB) or bradyarrhythmia, ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation, stroke, and major thrombolysis in myocardial infarction bleeding were the inhospital complications that were considered the secondary outcomes.

Results:

A total of 237 STEMI patients with primary PCI were enrolled, accounting for 7.5% of all PCI procedures performed during this period. The mean age was 55.4 ± 11.9 years, and 86.5% were male. The mean window period was 5.1 ± 3.18 h, and the mean door-to-balloon time was 58.4 ± 11.5 min. Prior to PCI, the most often administered antiplatelets were clopidogrel in 54.4% of patients and prasugrel in 55.6%. The aspiration thrombectomy was done in 70.8% of patients. Predilatation with balloon was required in 41.8% of patients. Drug-eluting stents were implanted in 98.3% of patients. The primary outcome was found in 3.3% of patients (deaths – 2.9% and reinfarction – 0.4%) and the secondary outcomes were observed in 13%. The common inhospital complication was CHB or bradyarrhythmia in 5.0% followed by acute LVF in 4.6% and then VT in 2.1%.

Conclusions:

The primary outcome rate is as good as reported in developed Western countries in contemporary treatment practices of STEMI. CHB and acute LVF were the major inhospital complications among patients of STEMI treated with primary PCI.
Lifetime Predicted Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Among an Urban Cohort
Authors: Savani Nikita Maheshbhai , Chauhan Rajendra B. , Chudasama Rajesh K.
Published: December 2022

Introduction:

Although atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) results have significantly improved in recent years, ASCVD continues to be the world's leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, in the present study, lifetime risk of ASCVD was calculated in an urban cohort. White-collar employees have higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease events because of their work profile.

Aim and Objectives:

To calculate lifetime predicted risk of ASCVD among study cohort and to explore factors contributing to the disparities of cardiovascular risks.

Materials and Methods:

This was community-based cross-sectional study. The baseline data were collected during the period 2016–2019 from Rajkot city, and their lifetime predicted risk of ASCVD was calculated using ASCVD risk calculator. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratio was calculated.

Results:

The study revealed that 69.25% and 6.37% of participants had low and intermediate lifetime predicted risk of ASCVD, respectively, while the remaining 16.12% and 8.25% had borderline and high risk, respectively.

Conclusion:

This study indicates that increased lifetime predicted risk of ASCVD was associated with increasing age, male, stress, elevated blood pressure, high level of body mass index, and central obesity among participants.
A Rare Case of Williams–Beuren Syndrome with Presence of Fibrocalcific Supravalvular Aortic Stenosis and Supravalvular Pulmonary Stenosis
Authors: Das Debasish , Banerjee Anindya , Kumar Abhinav , Singh Shashikant , Das Tutan , Dixit Manaranjan
Published: December 2022

We report an extremely rare case of Williams–Beuren (WB) syndrome in a 10-year-old boy with supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) secondary to a large fibrocalcific eccentric shelf in the ascending aorta with fibrocalcific severe supravalvular pulmonary stenosis, which has not yet been described in the literature. Although the presence of peripheral pulmonary stenosis is well described in Williams syndrome (WS), our case is the unique and first to demonstrate fibrocalcific severe supravalvular pulmonary stenosis in WS without the presence of peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis. Although regarded as a strong genetic insult with 27 gene deletions (almost like biting the gene), it has also bitten the heart in this index child and left a large chunk of supravalvular fibrocalcific mass in the ascending aorta causing SVAS.
Two-layer model of anisotropy beneath Myanmar and Thailand revealed by shear-wave splitting
Authors: Saetang Kasemsak
Published: December 2022

The first model of two layers is presented to study the anisotropy pattern beneath Myanmar and Thailand using shear-wave splitting. Teleseismic activity recorded by 15 permanent broadband stations was analysed to investigate the anisotropy and to understand the flow direction in the mantle. The flow direction and speed were observed in the forms of fast polarisation direction (𝜙) and delay time (𝛿𝑡) between fast and slow components. The measurements showed that a two-layer model beneath stations better explicates the splitting observations than a single-layer model. The upper and lower layers were interpreted as lithosphere and asthenosphere in similar patterns and compared with GPS (Global Positioning System) velocity fields and strain rate fields. Two groups of 𝜙 can be classified and matched with West-Burma Terrane (WBT) and Shan-Thai Terrane (STT). The 𝜙 represents that West-Burma Terrane moves in a northward direction, Shan-Thai Terrane and Indo-China Terrane (ICT) move in a south-eastern direction, and West-Burma Terrane has less anisotropy of 𝜙 than Shan-Thai Terrane.
The assessment of earthquake hazard in Italy: a review
Authors: Slejko Dario , Valensise Gianluca , Meletti Carlo , Stucchi Massimiliano
Published: December 2022

We present a review of the assessment of earthquake hazard in Italy, with special reference to the relationships between hazard models and building codes. After early attempts at hazard assessment in the 19th century, the 28 December 1908, Messina Straits earthquake prompted the inception of the first national seismic legislation, passed in early 1909. Nevertheless, the official building code started to be based on a truly scientific background only after 1980, when the catastrophic Irpinia (southern Italy) earthquake forced the qualified authority to accept a science-based assessment (statistics on the earthquake catalogue data) to support the implementation of the new national seismic zonation. Later on, between 1985 and 2000, the two basic components of seismic hazard assessment, namely the earthquake record and the distribution of earthquake sources, were greatly developed through investigations carried out by the Gruppo Nazionale Difesa dai Terremoti and by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica. Along with the improvement of basic data, the Italian seismological community started developing a new hazard model (PS4), based on the concept of seismotectonic probabilism, aimed at supplying the Italian Government with a solid reference frame for updating the seismic zonation and building code. Nevertheless, this goal was achieved only two decades later: on 31 October 2002 a moderate-size earthquake caused the death of 27 children and a teacher in a collapsed school of southern Italy, forcing the qualified authority to take a major step of modernization for the second time in 22 years. The entire Italian territory, including areas of rare and sparse seismicity, was subdivided into four seismic zones, mainly on the basis of PS4 results. In 2004, the Italian seismological community developed MPS04, a fully updated hazard model that was initially conceived only in view of updating the seismic zonation. In 2007, MPS04 was extended to provide design spectra for a new building code, which was finally adopted in 2009, following the disastrous L’Aquila (central Italy) earthquake. The experience of the European project for seismic hazard assessment named SHARE, completed in 2013, represented a step forward and put the basis for a new project, termed MPS19, designed specifically to provide a sound basis for updating the  Italian building code.
Navigating the Contemporary Rites of Passage: A Typology of STEM Professional Identity Transition
Authors: Chong Yit Sean , Quek Ai Hwa
Published: December 2022

Anchored upon a renewed rites of passage perspective, this study employs a narrative inquiry to understand how professional identities are enacted, developed, negotiated, and reconstructed among final year STEM undergraduates in Malaysia. While professional identities are largely studied within the workplace or organisational context, there is limited knowledge of how students make sense of their professional identities during their study. To address this gap, this study explores the dilemmas and dreams of twenty-four final year STEM undergraduates as they were at the critical juncture of transition towards their first full-time career.  While the participants shared a common experience of STEM professional identity formation during their childhood and adolescent phases of life, there were variations in how individuals negotiated their professional identities as they reached the crossroads upon university enrolment and graduation. In navigating the liminal phase of uncertainties, negotiation strategies included defending and rethinking STEM professional identities while balancing identities in work and non-work roles. Towards the reconstruction phase, a process of redefining, affirming, and securing STEM professional identity takes place as individuals make sense of their roles and place in the communities. The narrative findings illustrate contemporary dynamics of societal expectations, structural forces and personal agency that facilitate STEM professional transitions.   The study also adds insights into emerging discourses surrounding STEM education and talent retention strategies among the contemporary STEM workforce.
İslam Tarihinde İz Bırakan Bir Kabile: Beni Hanife Kabilesi ve Hz. Peygamberle İlişkisi
Authors: HOCAOĞLU Öznur
Published: December 2022

Yemâme’de yaşayan Benî Hanîfe, jeo-politik konumu ve verimli arâzilerinin yanı sıra mensupları ile meşhur bir kabiledir. Hz. Peygamber’in İslâm’a davetine en sert tepki veren kabile olarak bilinir. Bu makale Benî Hanîfe hakkında biyografik bir çalışmadır. Bu çalışmada İslâm Tarihi genelinde ve Hz. Peygamber devri özelinde Benî Hanîfe’nin yeri ortaya konulmaya çalışıldı. Tarihe yalancı peygamber fitnesi ile geçen Müseylimetülkezzâb ve onun kavmindeki etkisi üzerinde duruldu. Kabilenin olumlu yönünü yansıtan ve Peygamberden hiç ayrılmayan Sahâbî Sümâme b. Üsâl hakkında bilgi verildi. Benî Hanîfe, Hz. Ali’nin oğlu Muhammed el-Hanefiyye’nin annesinin mensup olduğu kabile olması hasebiyle de önemli bir kabiledir. Bunların yanında Haricilerin liderlerinden olan Benî Hanîfe’ye mensup Nâfi b. Ezrak’tan da bahsedildi. Kabile hem fitne ateşine öncülük eden temsilcileri ile hem de Peygambere bağlılıkta taviz vermeyen müntesipleri ile kendisinden söz ettirmektedir. Lakin fitne hareketinin temsilcilerinin daha başat karakterde olduğu görüldü. Neticede Benî Hanîfe hem irtidat fitnesinde hem de harici harekette öne çıkan kabileler arasında olduğu tespit edildi.
Ergenlerde Adil Dünya İnancı ve Dindarlık İlişkisi
Authors: ŞAHBAZ Muhammed
Published: December 2022

Bu makale, ergenlerde adil dünya inancı ile dindarlık arasındaki ilişkiyi tespit etmek amacı ile gerçekleştirilen deneysel bir araştırmadan oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada adil dünya inancı ve dindarlık arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesinin yanı sıra adil dünya inancının katılımcıların demografik özellikleri ile olan ilişkisi de incelenmiştir. Örneklem grubu, Gaziantep’te ikamet etmekte olan beş farklı ortaöğretim kurumunda eğitim gören 428 lise öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada kişisel bilgi formu ile Gülmez tarafından geliştirilen “dindarlık ölçeği” ve Dalbert tarafından geliştirilen “adil dünya inancı ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre dindarlık ve adil dünya inancı boyutları arasında korelasyon ve regresyon analiz sonuçlarında anlamlı ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda adil dünya inancı alt boyutlarının dindarlık ile ilişkisi incelendiğinde kişisel adil dünya inancı ve genel adil dünya inancının dindarlık ile zayıf düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişkisinin olduğu bulunmuştur. Dindarlık alt boyutlarından iman ve duygu boyutlarının adil dünya inancı üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olmadığı ancak etki ve ibadet boyutlarının anlamlı etkileri olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Kur’an Âyetleri Bağlamında İnsanın Elementer Yaratılışının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ARSLAN Yahya
Published: December 2022

Allah Teâlâ her şeyi yarattıktan sonra insanı yaratmıştır. Yeryüzünde halife olarak görevlendirilen insan, orayı mamur etmek, orada Allah’ın emirlerini yaşanabilir kılmak için görevlendirilmiştir. Bu kadar değerli olan ve çok kıymetli vazifeleri icra etmek üzere yaratılan insanı tanımak ve incelemek için onu iyi araştırmak gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, elementer yaratılış olarak ifade edilen turâb, tîn-i lâzib, sülâle min tîn, hame-i mesnûn, salsâl ve tesviye safhalarını incelemek, Allah’ın bu safhalardaki yaratma kudretini, varlık ve birliğine işaret eden delilleri dikkatlere sunmak amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem olarak konuyla alakalı âyetler odak nokta seçilmiş, bu âyetlerin izahı bağlamında klasik ve modern tefsirler, yine bu âyetlerin yorumlanması hususunda yapılmış çalışmalar taranmıştır. Kapsam bakımından insanların yaratılmasında gördüğümüz dört farklı şekil olan Hz. Âdem, Hz. Havva, diğer insanlar ve Hz. İsa’nın yaratılışından bahsedilmiş, insanın elementer yaratılışı olarak ifade ettiğimiz altı safha değerlendirilmiştir. Neticede elementer yaratılışın önemi ortaya konulmuş, elementer yaratılışın nasıl anlaşılması gerektiğiyle ilgili sonuçlar değerlendirilmiş, insanın yaratılışı özelinde Allah Teâlâ’nın ilim ve kudretine, irade ve tedbirine dikkatler çekilmiştir.
Ortaöğretim Öğrencilerinde Sosyal Değerler ve Dindarlık İlişkisi
Authors: DOĞAN SARIKAYA Betül
Published: December 2022

Ortaöğretim düzeyindeki öğrencilerin ergenlik çağında (14-18 yaş) olduğu kabul edilir. Ergenlik dönemi, kişilerin hayatlarında yaşadıkları kritik dönemlerden biridir. Bu dönemde biyolojik, fiziksel ve duygusal değişimler yaşayan ergen birey, benliğini inşa ederken bu değişimlerin etkisi altındadır. Bu inşa sürecinin önemli bir kısmını oluşturan benliğin sosyal inşasında ise çalışmanın değişkenlerinden biri olan sosyal değerlerin oldukça önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu ifade edilebilir. Bu bağlamda çalışma, 14-18 yaş grubu ortaöğretim öğrencilerinde, sosyal değerler ve dindarlık ilişkisini incelemektedir. Böylece kritik bir eşiği tecrübe eden ve değişimler geçiren ergenlerin, aile, geleneksel, bilimsel, siyasi, çalışma-iş ve dini değerler olarak sınıflandırılan sosyal değerleri içselleştime biçimleri anlaşılmaktadır. Ayrıca sahip oldukları sosyal değerleri ile iman, duygu, ibadet ve etki boyutları ile dindarlıkları arasındaki korelasyonun anlaşılması amaçlanmıştır. Örneklem grubu olarak Ankara Pursaklar ilçesinde bulunan Anadolu, Fen, Meslek ve İHL lise öğrencileri seçilmiştir. Seçilen örneklem grubuna uygulanan anket formu Bolat’ın “Çok Boyutlu Sosyal Değerler Ölçeği” ve Gülmez’in “Dindarlık Ölçeği” soruları ve demografik değişkenler sorularından oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmada elde edilen veriler SPSS programı vasıtasıyla analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre ergenlerde sosyal değerler ve dindarlık arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. Aynı şekilde sosyal değerlerin varlığının dindarlığı pozitif yönde etkileyen bir etken olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Modelo de un sistema de control de inventarios y cuentas por cobrar para MIPYMES en Excel. Caso de MIPYME comercial
Authors: Flores Yolanda , Pendones Jose , Espino Germán , Acosta Luis
Published: December 2022

El control de inventarios y cuentas por cobrar son los recursos más importantes en una empresa, sobre todo en las MIPYMES. Los problemas más comunes son de gestión, administrativo y de planificación como: inventario obsoleto, faltantes, mercancías rezagadas, cuentas incobrables, falta de reportes informativos, etc. Este proyecto se base en un informe técnico previo. El objetivo de este estudio fue el diseño de un modelo de un sistema automatizado para el control de inventarios y cuentas por cobrar en Excel para una MIPYMES, dedicada a la compraventa de ropa, ubicada en la región del Noroeste del estado de Chihuahua, México. La investigación fue aplicada, con enfoque mixto, de corte descriptivo y de análisis. Los métodos de estudio fueron la implementación de procedimientos, actividades y reportes de información para desarrollar un modelo en Microsoft Excel con la herramienta de desarrollador, utilizando macros. Los resultados en este estudio muestran el procedimiento para el control de inventarios y cuentas por cobrar, así como las actividades a realizar y los insumos o reportes que se deben generar en cada proceso y la aplicación en Excel a partir de cinco bases de datos, para registrar las operaciones relacionadas con el control de inventarios y cuentas por cobrar. Se concluye que, con la aplicación de Microsoft Excel, se puede tener un sistema de control económico y eficiente, para generar la información que se requiere para mejorar la gestión y administración de inventarios y cuentas por cobrar.
Deterioro en la sostenibilidad de las Mypes y medidas de protección ante el impacto de la delincuencia en Quintana Roo, México
Authors: Beltrán López Robert , Díaz Rodríguez Eustacio , Flores Pérez Carla Montserrat , Selem Salinas Mario Arturo
Published: December 2022

El artículo pretende mostrar el efecto que produce la delincuencia en el Estado de Quintana Roo, México, donde se genera un incremento porcentual de manera alarmante, ocasionando que, los dueños de las micro y pequeñas empresas (Mypes), destinen una cantidad monetaria para salvaguardar los bienes de estas. El abordaje metodológico en la investigación es de carácter mixto a través de un estudio documental de tipo descriptivo y exploratorio. La fuente de información que se empleó es de la Encuesta Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (ENVE) del periodo 2020, analizando los 7 estudios enfocados en delitos, inseguridad, victimización y afectación en el comercio. Los hallazgos revelan que, las medidas de seguridad tomadas por los empresarios, para proteger sus establecimientos y evitar pérdidas humanas y monetarias, conllevan a la generación de un deterioro en la sostenibilidad de las empresas, al producirse una merma en las utilidades y no poder destinar el recurso suficiente para el crecimiento de las Mypes al orientarlo hacia la seguridad de éstas.
Tendencias en la investigación sobre la formación docente en tecnologías de la información y la comunicación: un análisis bibliométrico.
Authors: Ramón Noblecilla Angel Mauricio , González Malla Susana Emperatriz , González De La Torre Tania Elizabeth , Hidalgo Encarnacion Dayana Oded
Published: December 2022

El objetivo del artículo es identificar las tendencias en la investigación sobre la formación docente en Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación en la Web of Science. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo en 402 documentos publicados entre los años 2000 y 2021 mediante un análisis bibliométrico, recurriendo a la base de datos Web of Science para recuperar la producción científica mundial sobre Formación docente en TIC. Los resultados revelan un crecimiento exponencial de la producción científica, evidenciando el liderazgo de las universidades en la creación de conocimiento sobre formación docente en tecnologías de la información y comunicación, siendo, la mayoría de sus aportes incluidos en revistas de alta visibilidad. Se concluye que las tendencias revelan el interés por crear conocimiento en el ámbito de estudio, así también, es una tendencia pedagógica esencial en el ecosistema educativo a nivel global que incrementa su relevancia en la enseñanza, sin embargo, existen limitantes que responden a la preparación del docente para utilizarlas y su falta de integración en el aula de clase, reconociendo que las tecnologías modernas son adoptadas en la formación docente para transformar las metodologías de enseñanza tradicionales en pro de mejorar el aprendizaje de los estudiantes.
Ventaja competitiva mediante la implementación de una Oficina de Gestión de Proyectos - PMO. Evidencia en Ecuador
Authors: Barrera Ojeda Hugo Orlando , Tenesaca Quishpe Gabriela Priscila
Published: December 2022

La presente investigación propone la mejora de la ventaja competitiva frente a competidores nacionales e internacionales mediante la implementación de una Oficina de Gestión de Proyectos - PMO. El estudio es de tipo cuantitativo, exploratorio, descriptivo y correlacional. Se analiza parte de una población finita de 487 empresas de construcción en la provincia de Sucumbíos. Se estudia a 100 sujetos de investigación mediante un instrumento validado por juicio de expertos y con un Alpha de Cronbach de 0.832. La investigación es no probabilística e intencional. Se estudia la correlación de la ventaja competitiva y de la metodología para el diseño PMO. Se evidencia que las variables están fuertemente correlacionadas y son estadísticamente significativas. Se concluye que la implementación de una PMO es importante para la ejecución de proyectos en las empresas que prestan servicio al sector hidrocarburífero, permiten establecer modelos de gestión de proyectos mejorando la calidad y costo del servicio.
Autopercepción del Nivel de vida en los asociados a gremios agrícolas en Tungurahua, Ecuador
Authors: Gavilanes Carvajal Carlos Fabricio , Illapa Atupaña Janneth Maricela , Guamán Guevara María Dolores , Guerrero Velástegui César Andrés
Published: December 2022

El impacto de la pandemia COVID-19 y de otros factores externos han afectado considerablemente a todos los sectores de la economía mundial, especialmente al sector agrícola de países en desarrollo como el Ecuador. Este sector, altamente sensible a múltiples factores que no tienen relación con los conocimientos y habilidades de los agricultores, podría poner en riesgo la producción de alimentos, las cadenas de suministro de alimentos y, por ende, la seguridad alimentaria. Adicionalmente, estos factores podrían provocar el abandono de las actividades agrícolas, aumentar del desempleo y de la pobreza, e incidir directamente en el nivel y calidad de vida de las comunidades agrícolas, particularmente de aquellas situadas en la zona central del Ecuador. Por tanto, dada la importancia del sector agrícola en la economía local y nacional, el presente estudio tuvo la finalidad de establecer los cambios en el nivel de vida en los últimos 12 meses de los asociados a gremios agrícolas en los cantones de Quero, Mocha, Cevallos y Tisaleo, pertenecientes a la provincia de Tungurahua, Ecuador. La investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental, y transversal. Se aplicó una encuesta a 284 agricultores, quienes completaron un cuestionario fiable y validado por métodos estadísticos. Este instrumento permitió recolectar información demográfica, socioeconómica, y de salud, componentes que permiten determinar la percepción del nivel de vida de los agricultores con respecto a los factores externos estudiados. Los resultados indican que, las comunidades agrícolas estudiadas poseen la percepción de que su salud física y mental, al igual que sus ingresos económicos fueron afectados considerablemente por factores externos como la pérdida de sus cosechas, eventos macroeconómicos, y la caída de precios de sus productos. Estas afectaciones deterioraron nivel de vida de los agricultores en últimos 12 meses. Esta investigación marca el camino para incrementar el interés y el conocimiento de las necesidades reales de esta población específica, a fin de que a corto plazo se pueda utilizar esta información para desarrollar programas y políticas de intervención para proteger la salud física y mental de los trabajadores agrícolas, quienes constantemente se enfrentan a factores y condiciones adversas.
La incorrecta adecuación típica de la muerte de una mujer como delito de femicidio en Ecuador
Authors: Sarabia Castro Patricio Femando , Ciruzi María Susana
Published: December 2022

En el presente trabajo se analizó el tipo penal de femicidio, incorporado en el Código Orgánico Integral Penal (COIP) desde el año 2014, así como sus elementos constitutivos, específicamente, se analizó la tipicidad como elemento esencial para que exista el cometimiento de un delito. Asimismo, en este trabajo se determinó que existen errores que engloban al tipo penal ya mencionado, en cuanto existe una gran dificultad probatoria al momento de tener una certeza plena sobre si el quitar la vida a una mujer se da por su condición de género. De esta manera, se utilizó un enfoque metodológico de tipo cualitativo, englobando un análisis doctrinario y jurisprudencial sobre las dificultades probatorias y típicas del delito mencionado líneas arriba. Respecto de los métodos utilizados en el presente trabajo, se destacaron el método histórico-lógico, con el cual se analizó el origen y evolución de este tipo penal. El método comparativo, con el cual se observó la realidad jurídica de otros países en torno a este tópico, y finalmente el método dogmático, con el cual se realizó una debida fundamentación teórica respecto del delito de femicidio. Concluyendo así, que el delito de femicidio tiene errores a nivel de la tipicidad, los cuales han creado inseguridad jurídica, respecto de la configuración –o no- del delito, quitando la certeza necesaria que se requiere para la aplicación del ius puniendi.
Modelo Integral de la Información y de la Producción Científica y Tecnológica en la Universidad Pública del Perú
Authors: Vallejos Díaz Yter Antonio
Published: December 2022

La investigación consistió en demostrar la correlación entre los elementos que garantiza el Modelo Integral de la Información y de la Producción Científica y Tecnológica en la Universidad Pública del Perú. Se elaboró el modelo y se validó con la opinión de los expertos y de los docentes investigadores de la Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca. Los resultados manifestaron que el modelo propuesto garantiza adecuada y significativamente en un 83% la correlación de sus factores, valor que se corresponde con el rango de nivel alto
Assessment and evaluation of english language professors during the pandemic
Authors: Harding Karina del Carmen , Sánchez Rosaida
Published: December 2022

Covid 19 has impacted humanity, causing changes in everyday activities. Among them are: family, social, business development and education, as well as service operations in different industries. Due to the devastation caused by it, there are changes in education, the entire process has suffered greatly. The purpose of this article is to propose innovative solutions to the evaluation process during the pandemic, in order to recognize how the recipients (students) valued the methodology, contents, and didactic resources applied to the teaching of English language after the pandemic. The evaluation of the academic-administrative management of the professors, make it possible to measure the management, promote continuous improvement and quality of educational operations. For these reasons, the University of Panama supported a model of evaluation for professors that involved computing functions of teaching, administration, research, extension, production, and services. All these evaluations were to be subject to the provisions set forth by the University General Council in Meeting # 03-19 of August 28, 2019. In the evaluation of English teachers, we will use methods that will help us collect and analyze information exposed mainly by students. It is worth saying that the teaching and learning processes, applied to professors by means of surveys, makes it feasible to evaluate, measure, and assess the level of knowledge that a student has acquired in any subject when learning a second language. In conclusion, the correct use of methods, strategies, and techniques will help the continuous improvement, thus achieving effective performance in the evaluation process
Análisis del discurso canalero: la visión de Tejeira desde los enfoques social y político
Authors: Hernández Mojica Maribel
Published: December 2022

Este artículo científico contiene los resultados de un estudio cualitativo, cuyo objetivo fue analizar el discurso de la novela histórica canalera panameña en la obra Pueblos Perdidos de Gil Blas Tejeira (2016). Como fundamento teórico se utilizó la teoría transdisciplinaria del análisis del discurso(Van Dijk, T. 1992)

Se abordó el análisis del discurso canalero en la obra Pueblos perdidos (Tejeira, 2016); desde dos dimensiones, social y económica por medio de un análisis hermenéutico, lo que permitió develar elementos identitarios que representan los vaivenes que sufrió el Istmo de Panamá de 1880 a 1888 periodo de la construcción del Canal por los franceses.(Tack, 1999)

 Los resultados del estudio demostraron que en la dimensión social se visibilizan claramente dos escenarios distintos: por un lado, la inequidad y la desigualdad; y por otro lado tenemos, los privilegios y la comodidad.(Tejeira, 2016) En la dimensión económica sobresale el control ejercido por la élite dominante conformada por franceses y norteamericanos.(Tejeira, 2016)

La importancia de este estudio es que permite enriquecer el entendimiento sobre la construcción de una identidad panameña; además, proporciona un ejercicio del pensamiento crítico sometiendo a escrutinio los argumentos, ideas, juicios del discurso histórico canalero.
Review of Ozone Therapy in MS
Authors: Simonetti Vincenzo , Liboni William
Published: December 2022

In 2014 we published WHY OZONE THERAPY IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS? V. Simonetti, W. Liboni, F. Molinari, Rev. Esp.de OZONOTHERAPY Vol 4, N 1-2014 We have described the results observed on some MS patients treated with ozone therapy.  Since then we have strengthened our knowledge on the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of MS and on the importance of the epigenetic factors that influence its manifestation and progression. By reating with OZONE different pathologies, not only in the neurological field, we have expanded the knowledge on the ozone effects 1,2,3,9,10,11,17,18 : we have better understood why ozone therapy can be useful in patients with SM. Compared to what was published in 2014, despite the increase in the number of patients treated by us, from 43 to over 500, the short and long-term results obtained by us and by other colleagues who follow our protocol confirm what we had already published in 2014 12  and in the book we have published 8
Identidade, memória e patrimônio em Pará, capital: Belém, de Haroldo Maranhão
Authors: Oliveira Aiana Cristina Pantoja de
Published: December 2022

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as questões sobre identidade, memória e patrimônio na obra Pará, Capital: Belém Memórias e Pessoas e Coisas e Loisas da Cidade, de Haroldo Maranhão. Propõe-se evidenciar a importância do referido livro como escritura colaboradora para a constituição da identidade e preservação da memória e do patrimônio cultural da capital paraense. O estudo utiliza as análises de Stuart Hall sobre sujeito na pós-modernidade, para refletir sobre os temas identidade e narrador cingidos na narrativa haroldiana. As reminiscências plurais sobre Belém são discutidas com base nos estudos de Wander Melo Miranda e Walter Benjamin. Ao contemplar os objetos culturais presentes na memória e na identidade da cidade, emprega-se a análise crítica proposta por Carla Gabrieli Galvão de Souza sobre a ampliação da concepção de patrimônio cultural. A partir do estudo dos elementos citados, destaca-se, na obra mencionada, a presença de referências à identidade descentrada, à renovação e conservação da memória sobre Belém e à interação entre os aspectos material e imaterial do patrimônio cultural da cidade.