bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated testing system of information competence components of future translators
Authors: Tarasenko Rostyslav O. , Amelina Svitlana M. , Azaryan Albert A.
Published: May 2022

The article deals with the diagnosis of the formation of the information competence components of translators through testing. The use of testing to determine the level of formation of the information-thematic component of the information competence of translators is demonstrated. It has been established that one of the ways to form the information-thematic component of information competence in the aspect of studying terminology can be the use of thematic networks. The development of a thematic network is shown on the example of the thematic network “Electrical equipment”. The stages of test control, which are consistent with the logic of the organization of the educational process and the process of forming the information competence of the future translator according to the scheme of the developed thematic network, have been determined. These stages are the current, thematic, modular, final testing. The main types of test tasks are defined, the combination of which allows diagnosing the level of formation of the information-thematic component of students’ information competence. Criteria and principles for the selection of test tasks for each of the testing stages are proposed. The ratio of test tasks of different types and complexity at the determined testing stages has been developed. The results of an experimental study on the diagnosis of the formation of the information-thematic component of the information competence of future translators by applying the developed integrative testing system using the Moodle platform are presented.
The use of mobile applications and Web 2.0 interactive tools for students' German-language lexical competence improvement
Authors: Kazhan Yuliya M. , Hamaniuk Vita A. , Amelina Svitlana M. , Tarasenko Rostyslav O. , Tolmachev Stanislav T.
Published: May 2022

The article focuses on the use of mobile applications and Web 2.0 interactive tools to improve students’ German-language lexical competence. The composition and structure of lexical competence are described, the order of exercises for lexical competence formation is given, the didactic possibilities of using mobile applications, blogging technologies and other interactive tools to improve lexical skills are found out, examples of using mobile applications and Web 2.0 interactive tools in the learning process that prove their effectiveness are given. It is proved that the use of mobile applications and Web 2.0 interactive tools helps to organize students’ work in and outside classrooms effectively for the formation and improvement of their lexical competence.
Informatics teacher's training for design of innovative learning aids
Authors: Bilousova Liudmyla I. , Gryzun Liudmyla E , Rakusa Julia O. , Shmeltser Ekaterina O.
Published: May 2022

In accordance with its goal, the paper covers practical aspects and experience of Informatics teachers’ preparation for the design of innovative learning aids as one of the important components of the renewed model of teachers’ training. Theoretical background of the research includes holistic educational approach and functional basics of electronic didactic aids development. The specific example of such an experience (students’ project activity on the design of English multimedia tutorial for schoolchildren) is depicted in details. The prospects of further research are outlined.
Complex networks theory and precursors of financial crashes
Authors: Soloviev Vladimir , Solovieva Victoria , Tuliakova Anna , Hostryk Alexey , Pichl Lukáš
Published: May 2022

Based on the network paradigm of complexity in the work, a systematic analysis of the dynamics of the largest stock markets in the world and cryptocurrency market has been carried out. According to the algorithms of the visibility graph and recurrence plot, the daily values of stock and crypto indices are converted into a networks and multiplex networks, the spectral and topological properties of which are sensitive to the critical and crisis phenomena of the studied complex systems. This work is the first to investigate the network properties of the crypto index CCI30 and the multiplex network of key cryptocurrencies. It is shown that some of the spectral and topological characteristics can serve as measures of the complexity of the stock and crypto market, and their specific behaviour in the pre-crisis period is used as indicators- precursors of critical phenomena.
Recurrence plot-based analysis of financial-economic crashes
Authors: Soloviev Vladimir , Serdiuk Oleksandr , Semerikov Serhiy , Kiv Arnold
Published: May 2022

The article considers the possibility of analyzing the dynamics of changes in the characteristics of time series obtained on the basis of recurrence plots. The possibility of using the studied indicators to determine the presence of critical phenomena in economic systems is considered. Based on the analysis of economic time series of different nature, the suitability of the studied characteristics for the identification of critical phenomena is assessed. The description of recurrence diagrams and characteristics of time series that can be obtained on their basis is given. An analysis of seven characteristics of time series, including the coefficient of self-similarity, the coefficient of predictability, entropy, laminarity, is carried out. For the entropy characteristic, several options for its calculation are considered, each of which allows the one to get its own information about the state of the economic system. The possibility of using the studied characteristics as precursors of critical phenomena in economic systems is analyzed. We have demonstrated that the entropy analysis of financial time series in phase space reveals the characteristic recurrent properties of complex systems. The recurrence entropy methodology has several advantages compared to the traditional recurrence entropy defined in the literature, namely, the correct evaluation of the chaoticity level of the signal, the weak dependence on parameters. The characteristics were studied on the basis of daily values of the Dow Jones index for the period from 1990 to 2019 and daily values of oil prices for the period from 1987 to 2019. The behavior of recurrence entropy during critical phenomena in the stock markets of the USA, Germany and France was studied separately. As a result of the study, it was determined that delay time measure, determinism and laminarity can be used as indicators of critical phenomena. It turned out that recurrence entropy, unlike other entropy indicators of complexity, is an indicator and an early precursor of crisis phenomena. The ways of further research are outlined.
Frühwarndienst und Beurteilung der aktuellen Lage
Authors: Sartorius Olivia , Schneider Stefan , Wurster Daniel
Published: May 2022

Die Rutschung rund um das Bündner Dorf Brienz/Brinzauls bewegt sich bisher mit bis zu 10 m pro Jahr, das Dorf bewegt sich rund 1.5 m pro Jahr talwärts Richtung Albula. Die zunehmend hohen Bewegungsraten und die Tatsache, dass ein Bergsturzereignis nicht auszuschliessen ist, erfordern einen Frühwarndienst, der sich auf ein breites Überwachungsdispositiv stützt. Der Frühwarndienst analysiert die Messdaten fortlaufend und gewährleistet damit die Sicherheit der Dorfbevölkerung und der Verkehrsteilnehmenden im Gefahrenbereich.
The vision of self-evolving computing systems
Authors: Weyns Danny , Bäck Thomas , Vidal Renè , Yao Xin , Belbachir Ahmed Nabil
Published: May 2022

Computing systems are omnipresent; their sustainability has become crucial for our society. A key aspect of this sustainability is the ability of computing systems to cope with the continuous change they face, ranging from dynamic operating conditions, to changing goals, and technological progress. While we are able to engineer smart computing systems that autonomously deal with various types of changes, handling unanticipated changes requires system evolution, which remains in essence a human-centered process. This will eventually become unmanageable. To break through the status quo, we put forward an arguable opinion for the vision of self-evolving computing systems that are equipped with an evolutionary engine enabling them to evolve autonomously. Specifically, when a self-evolving computing systems detects conditions outside its operational domain, such as an anomaly or a new goal, it activates an evolutionary engine that runs online experiments to determine how the system needs to evolve to deal with the changes, thereby evolving its architecture. During this process the engine can integrate new computing elements that are provided by computing warehouses. These computing elements provide specifications and procedures enabling their automatic integration. We motivate the need for self-evolving computing systems in light of the state of the art, outline a conceptual architecture of self-evolving computing systems, and illustrate the architecture for a future smart city mobility system that needs to evolve continuously with changing conditions. To conclude, we highlight key research challenges to realize the vision of self-evolving computing systems.
Effective management of class imbalance problem in climate data analysis using a hybrid of deep learning and data level sampling
Authors: Aarthi R.J. , Vinayagasundaram B.
Published: May 2022

Climate change and its consequences for human life have emerged as the world’s most pressing challenge. Due to the complexity, veracity, and velocity of climate data, a traditional, simple, and single machine learning model will not be sufficient to perform effective and timely analysis. The climate data can be effectively analyzed, and climate models can be developed with the proposed hybrid model. The deep learning AutoEncoder (AE) is used for feature extraction, removal of redundant and noisy data. The Synthetic Minority class Oversampling (SMOTE) technique to generate samples in minority class to mitigate the imbalance in the sample distribution. Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) is used for further feature classification. The proposed method exploits big data strategies and the results interpretation process to extract accurate insight from climate data. ELM handles the class imbalance problem to improve the performance of the Early Warning System (EWS) model and fine-tune it. The hybrid method drastically reduces the computation cost and improves the accuracy to 93%, 86%, 95%, and 98% of four different datasets against other machine learning models. The experimental results of the AE_SMOTE_ELM model, compared with other state-of-the-art deep learning methods, shows accuracy and an efficiency of 90.4% and 91.76%, respectively, for two climate datasets.
Recognition of Kannada characters using deep learning approach
Authors: Indira K. , Karki Maya V. , Mallika H.
Published: May 2022

Recognition of Kannada Characters is a complex task as the number of classes in Kannada language by considering all combinations of vowels and consonants is 623,893. In this paper, the complexity is reduced from 623,893 to just having 313 classes as Main aksharas (Vowel, Consonants,Vowel modifiers and Consonant modifiers) and 30 classes as vattu aksharas(conjuncts) by using two line segmentation. A novel CNN model for recognition of printed and handwritten Kannada characters is proposed. CNN model with two, three and four layers are designed for Main akshara and Vattu aksharas with different filter size. The database consists of total of 31,300 samples and 3000 samples of printed and handwritten characters of Main akshara and Vattu aksharas respectively. Simulation result revealed that CNN model with four layer architecture is the best model for recognition of Kannada characters. This model achieved a recognition accuracy of 98.83% and 99.29% for printed Main akshara and Vattu aksharas and 82.50% and 80.92% for handwritten main and vattu akshara respectively.
RETRACTED: An approach to enhance performance of age invariant face recognition
Authors: Dhamija Ashutosh , Dubey R.B.
Published: May 2022

This article has been retracted. A retraction notice can be found at https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-219433.
Visual defects detection model of mobile phone screen
Authors: Yang Ge , Lai Haijian , Zhou Qifeng
Published: May 2022

Aiming at the inconsistency of manual detection of mobile phone screen defects, the image feature extraction of traditional machine learning is often set based on experience, resulting in unsatisfactory detection results. Therefore, a mobile phone screen defect detection model (Ghostbackbone) which is proposed by this paper based on YOLOv5 s and Ghostbottleneck. The bottleneck of Ghostbackbone mainly uses and improves the Ghostbottleneck of GhostNet. The attention module of Ghostbackbone uses Coordinated Attention and Depthwise Separable Convolution for parameter reduction. Finally, Ghostbackbone uses YOLOv5 as the object detector to train the mobile phone screen defect dataset. The experimental results show that the parameter quantity of Ghostbackbone is 24% of that of YOLOv5 s, the average time of detecting a single picture is only 2% lower than that of YOLOv5 s, and the mAP0.5 : 0.95 is 2% higher than that of MobilenetV3 s.
Independent and Joint Associations of Tea Consumption and Smoking with Parkinson’s Disease Risk in Chinese Adults
Authors: Nie Jia ,   for the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) Collaborative Group, Liu Chunyu , Yu Canqing , Guo Yu , Pei Pei , Yang Ling , Chen Yiping , Du Huaidong , Zhu Kaifei , Schmidt Danile , Avery Daniel , Chen Junshi , Chen Zhengming , Lv Jun , Li Liming
Published: May 2022

Background: Existing limited evidence suggests that smoking and tea consumption may be associated with a lower risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, less is known about the independent and joint roles of these two habits, which are often clustered among Chinese, on PD risk. Objective: To prospectively examine the independent and joint association of tea consumption and smoking with the risk of PD. Methods: The China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study recruited 512,725 participants aged 30 to 79 years from ten areas across China since 2004. Information on smoking and tea consumption was collected at baseline, and PD cases were ascertained by linkage to the national health insurance system and death registry. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95%confidence intervals (CIs). Results: During a median of 10.8 years of follow-up, 922 PD cases were recorded. Compared with participants who never consumed tea, the HR (95%CI) for daily consumers was 0.68 (0.55, 0.84). Compared with participants who never or occasionally smoked, the HR (95%CI) for current smokers was 0.66 (0.53, 0.82). Those who had a clustering habit of smoking and tea consumption had a 38%(HR = 0.62; 95%CI: 0.49, 0.79) lower PD risk than those who consumed none. However, there were no statistically significant multiplicative or additive interaction for tea consumption and smoking on PD risk. Conclusion: We found that smoking and daily tea consumption were independently inversely associated with the risk of PD.
An emergency nursing and monitoring procedure on cognitive impairment and neurological function recovery in patients with acute cerebral infarction
Authors: Xie Huan , Gao Min , Lin Yan , Yi Yaping , Liu Ye
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: The optimization and standardization of emergency nursing and monitoring procedures are of great significance for thrombolytic treatment of acute cerebral infarction. OBJECTIVE: Studies on the emergency nursing and monitoring procedure on cognitive impairment and neurological function in patients with acute cerebral infarction are still limited. METHODS: The study was a randomized controlled trial and 134 patients with acute cerebral infarction were recruited. They were randomly arranged into the control group (n = 67) receiving normal nursing procedure and the intervention group (n = 67) receiving emergency nursing and monitoring procedure after pre-intervention assessment. The cognitive impairment, neurological function and levels of inflammatory biomarkers and neuron-specific enolase of the participants were evaluated and analyzed. RESULTS: Emergency nursing and monitoring procedure improved Mini-mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores of patients with cerebral infraction compared with the control group. It also improved the scores of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, activities of daily living scale, Fugl-Meyer scale in the participants. Emergency nursing and monitoring procedure led to significantly decreased neuron-specific enolase and inflammatory cytokines in the serum of the participants. CONCLUSION: Emergency nursing and monitoring procedure are beneficial for cognitive impairment and neurological function recovery in patients with acute cerebral infarction.
Complex housing partially mitigates low dose radiation-induced changes in brain and behavior in rats
Authors: Fiselier Anna , Mychasiuk Richelle , Muhammad Arif , Hossain Shakhawat , Ghose Abhijit , Kirkby Charles , Ghasroddashti Esmaeel , Kovalchuk Olga , Kolb Bryan
Published: May 2022

Purpose: In recent years, much effort has been focused on developing new strategies for the prevention and mitigation of adverse radiation effects on healthy tissues and organs, including the brain. The brain is very sensitive to radiation effects, albeit as it is highly plastic. Hence, deleterious radiation effects may be potentially reversible. Because radiation exposure affects dendritic space, reduces the brain’s ability to produce new neurons, and alters behavior, mitigation efforts should focus on restoring these parameters. To that effect, environmental enrichment through complex housing (CH) and exercise may provide a plausible avenue for exploration of protection from brain irradiation. CH is a much broader concept than exercise alone, and constitutes exposure of animals to positive physical and social stimulation that is superior to their routine housing and care conditions. We hypothesized that CHs may lessen harmful neuroanatomical and behavioural effects of low dose radiation exposure.

Methods: We analyzed and compared cerebral morphology in animals exposed to low dose head, bystander (liver), and scatter irradiation on rats housed in either the environmental enrichment condos or standard housing.

Results: Enriched condo conditions ameliorated radiation-induced neuroanatomical changes. Moreover, irradiated animals that were kept in enriched CH condos displayed fewer radiation-induced behavioural deficits than those housed in standard conditions.

Conclusions: Animal model-based environmental enrichment strategies, such as CH, are excellent surrogate models for occupational and exercise therapy in humans, and consequently have significant translational possibility. Our study may thus serve as a roadmap for the development of new, easy, safe and cost-effective methods to prevent and mitigate low-dose radiation effects on the brain.
Workplace-based rehabilitation with garment workers: A multiple case study
Authors: Hoosain Munira , Bosa Florence , Conolly Naomi Beth , Janse van Rensburg Hanri , Mayet Naafi’ah , Titus Tamlyn
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: Garment workers are at risk of developing work-related upper limb disorders (WRULD) due to the highly repetitive nature of their work. Workplace-based rehabilitation (WBR) facilitates improvement in work performance by providing intervention at the worker’s place of work. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the documented outcomes of workplace-based occupational therapy rehabilitation of garment workers with upper limb conditions. METHODS: A multiple case study design was used through a retrospective record review. All garment workers with upper limb conditions who were treated at a student occupational therapy practice in Cape Town, South Africa, with pre- and post-intervention outcome assessment, were included in the study (n = 7). Data were extracted from occupational therapy and medical files. RESULTS: 70% of the cases (n = 5) improved after WBR while 30% of cases showed no improvement or deterioration. Participants received 3– 5 individual WBR sessions of approximately 30 minutes each, over a period of 4 to 6 weeks. Interventions included workstation adaptations, job rotation, psychoeducation, work task modification, assistive technology and exercise programmes. Outcome measures most commonly used were the RULA, DASH, Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire and pain intensity using the VAS. CONCLUSION: Workplace-based occupational therapy can be effective at improving upper limb function, pain and ergonomic risk amongst garment workers with upper limb conditions.
Diagnosis of inhomogeneous one-dimensional discrete chains by photon scattering
Authors: Gerasymov Oleg I. , Sidletska Liudmyla M.
Published: May 2022

Among the ways to reduce radiation doses (increasing the distance from the source to the person, reducing the time spent in radiation fields, reducing the radiation dose rate of the source) an important role is played by shielding the source of ionizing radiation.Currently, the use of screens is limited by the small selection of materials and the inconvenience of their use, which complicates their operation, installation and replacement, or disassembly.The propagation of a plane wave in a one-dimensional force chain with Hertzian contacts is analyzed in a linear approximation for cases with the presence of incorporated single and double impurities (defects). The algorithm of analytical solution of control equations and finding of reflection and transmission coefficients of incident radiation is determined. In terms of phase shifts, the frequency criterion of multi-modes of generation of transparent modes for inhomogeneous chains (with double impurities) similar to the Ramsauer-Townsend effect in the scattering of electrons by inert gas atoms is established. The obtained theoretical results are consistent with the data obtained from alternative sources. Possibilities of application of terahertz spectroscopy of radiation transmission for structural diagnostics and detection of in homogeneities, impurities and defects in discrete micro-mechanical (granular) systems are discussed. In particular, preliminary experimental data on scattering of terahertz radiation on samples of granular materials with different degrees of packing, from low to densely packed, which clearly indicate the dependence of the transmittance on the degree of packing and the formation of the corresponding band structure of spectra. The obtained results are also discussed in terms of applications to the creation of the element base of photonic circuitry in the sub millimeter range using decorated with impurities and structured low-dimensional discrete power circuits.
Key Lime Growing in the Florida Home Landscape
Authors: Crane Jonathan H.
Published: May 2022

Revised! FC47, a 12-page fact sheet by Jonathan Crane, provides homeowners with an overview of this small bushy citrus fruit tree introduced to the Americas by Spanish and Portuguese explorers in the sixteenth century — description, propagation, fruit production, placement in the landscape, care, pest management, concerns with lawn care, harvest, ripening, and storage, use and nutrition. Includes references. Published by the UF Department of Horticultural Sciences, December 2010.
FC47/CH092: Key Lime Growing in the Florida Home Landscape (ufl.edu)
Lemon Growing in the Florida Home Landscape
Authors: Crane Jonathan H.
Published: May 2022

HS1153, a 13-page fact sheet by Jonathan Crane, provides homeowners with an overview of this small vigorous citrus fruit tree — description, propagation, fruit production, placement in the landscape, care, pest management, concerns with lawn care, harvest, ripening, and storage, use and nutrition. Includes references. Published by the UF Department of Horticultural Sciences, December 2010.
HS1153/HS402: Lemon Growing in the Florida Home Landscape (ufl.edu)
Sampling for Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) in Florida citrus groves
Authors: Arevalo H. Alejandro , Qureshi Jawwad A. , Stansly Philip A.
Published: May 2022

Three techniques are currently in use to sample adult Asian citrus psyllids (ACP). This 7-page illustrated fact sheet by H. A. Arevalo, J. A. Qureshi, and P. A. Stansly discusses the strengths and weaknesses of each and makes recommendations for routine monitoring of ACP for management purposes. Includes references. Published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, September 2010.
Bahiagrass for Florida Lawns
Authors: Trenholm Laurie E. , Cisar John L. , Unruh J. Bryan
Published: May 2022

Bahiagrass is a popular, low-maintenance lawn grass that does well with limited water and fertilizer inputs. Although bahiagrass does not produce a carpet-like, dense lawn like some other warm-season lawn grasses, it does provide a good, low-maintenance lawn where slightly reduced visual quality is acceptable. This revised 6-page fact sheet was written by L. E. Trenholm, J. L. Cisar, and J. B. Unruh and published by the UF Department of Environmental Horticulture, April 2011.
ENH6/LH006: Bahiagrass for Florida Lawns (ufl.edu)
Attracting Backyard Birds: Bird Feeder Selection
Authors: Willcox Emma V. , Hostetler Mark E. , Main Martin B. , Voigt Maena
Published: May 2022

Today, more than 50 million Americans put out a billion pounds of bird food each year. Bird feeders can be used to supplement the food provided by native plantings. They also provide a way to observe birds at close range. This revised 7-page fact sheet suggests useful guidelines for selecting feeders, food, feeder location, cleaning feeders, and managing for cats and squirrels. Written by Emma V. Willcox, Mark E. Hostetler, Martin B. Main, and Maena Voigt and published by the UF Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, April 2011. Reviewed February 2014.
WEC 162/UW192: Attracting Backyard Birds: Bird Feeder Selection (ufl.edu)
Identifying and Treating Uterine Disease in Dairy Cows
Authors: Galvão Klibs N. , Risco Carlos , Santos Jose E.P.
Published: May 2022

Uterine diseases are prevalent in high producing dairy cows and require prompt diagnosis and treatment. This 6-page fact sheet describes identification and treatment for four classes of uterine diseases in dairy cows. Written by Klibs N. Galvão, Carlos Risco, and Jose E.P. Santos, and published by the UF Department of Veterinary Medicine, May 2011.
VM179/VM179: Identifying and Treating Uterine Disease in Dairy Cows (ufl.edu)
Normas ortográficas e morfolóxicas do idioma galego
Authors:   REAL ACADEMIA GALEGA,   Instituto da Lingua Galega
Published: May 2022

No ano 1982 aprobouse nunha sesión conxunta da Real Academia Galega e do Instituto da Lingua Galega a primeira edición das Normas ortográficas e morfolóxicas da lingua galega. Desde aquela as dúas institucións non cesaron de realizar estudos cada vez mais profundos e documentados sobre a historia e a realidade actual da nosa lingua. A esta altura pareceunos necesario facer un exame pausado do texto normativo que nos levou ao fondo convencemento da súa bondade, da súa solidez científica e da plena validez dos principios que o inspiran. Non obstante, consideramos a conveniencia de realizar pequenas modificacións puntuais, de reforzar algúns dos argumentos e, sobre todo, de cubrir algunhas lagoas que presentaba a versión do ano 1982. O resultado é este texto, revisado, actualizado e ampliado, que foi aprobado polo Consello Científico do Instituto da Lingua Galega o día 11 de novembro de 1994, e pola Real Academia Galega en sesión extraordinaria do día 25 de febreiro de 1995.
Religione, benessere e job satisfaction: quale nesso possibile?
Authors: Ciziceno Marco , Lo Verde Fabio Massimo
Published: May 2022

Il presente contributo nasce dall'esigenza di approfondire il possibile nesso tra la dimensione del "sentire" religioso e quella dell'"agire" lavorativo, nel tentativo di (ri)portare la spiritualità all'interno del dibattito sociologico sul lavoro. Infatti, sebbene nel corso degli ultimi anni la letteratura sociologica ha mostrato come la qualità del lavoro sia un concetto multidimensionale e dinamico, la dimensione religiosa e/o spirituale del lavoratore non ha trovato adeguato spazio nella definizione di qualità del lavoro o negli interventi a suo favore. Attraverso la differenziazione dei concetti quali religiosità, spiritualità e soddisfazione sul lavoro, si giunge alla conclusione che non solo l'inclusione della religione nel posto di lavoro ha delle implicazioni positive sotto il profilo del benessere del lavoratore, ma che il fattore religioso o spirituale incide profondamente sul clima organizzativo nel suo complesso.
Autorità, potere e spirito del capitalismo. Stili di leadership in impresa
Authors: Martinelli Monica , Magatti Mauro
Published: May 2022

Autorità, potere e spirito sono tre categorie che vengono diversamente comprese e articolate. Nello sviluppo dei modelli di capitalismo e nelle varie forme di leadership, la dimensione trascendente (evocata dall'autorità) arretra a favore di quella immanente (che contrassegna il potere), lasciando tuttavia irrisolte questioni cruciali per le organizzazioni e il modello di sviluppo socio-economico, nei loro (imprescindibili) nessi con la dimensione antropologica che il termine ‘spirito', in senso weberiano, manifesta. Il testo ripercorre l'evoluzione dei modelli gestionali nelle imprese dentro le diverse forme di capitalismo attorno a tre passaggi temporali: gli albori del capitalismo occidentale moderno, le trasformazioni avvenute nel ‘900 e soprattutto a inizio del XXI secolo con il capitalismo delle piattaforme, le possibili alternative verso un nuovo spirito del capitalismo. In questi passaggi, l'articolazione ‘autorità-potere', nonostante apparentemente irrilevante, in realtà sopravvive mettendo in luce la cruciale questione del riferimento a una dimensione ‘spirituale' che riguarda le forme organizzate.
Spiriti Innovativi. Una ricerca empirica sulle caratteristiche personali e sul comportamento lavorativo degli innovatori in Italia
Authors: Marciano Claudio , Brizio Adelina , Carpaneto Alberto , Giachino Marco , Robiati Alberto , Molino Monica
Published: May 2022

Questo articolo ha come oggetto l'esposizione dei risultati di una ricerca sulle caratteristiche personali e sul comportamento lavorativo degli innovatori in Italia. Lo studio è stato svolto in due fasi, attraverso l'uso integrato di tecniche quantitative e qualitative. I risultati hanno messo a fuoco le motivazioni, la personalità e le capacità distintive degli innovatori: dalla propensione al rischio, al rifiuto dell'autorità, fino all'autostima. Inoltre, la ricerca ha analizzato il comportamento lavorativo degli innovatori descrivendolo in tre principali pattern d'azione, dalla generazione dell'idea alla sua promozione e implementazione. Nel mettere in evidenza la presenza di alcune variabili contestuali, come l'appartenenza di genere e il settore economico, la ricerca mira a scardinare la rappresentazione sociale che descrive l'innovatore come "genio", in luogo di una visione in cui l'innovazione è una qualità diffusa dell'azione sociale.
Вплив мікродобрив та біопрепаратів на формування врожайності гороху посівного
Authors: Вуйко О.М.
Published: May 2022

Горох в Україні є переважно експортно-орієнтованою культурою, оскільки левова частка врожаю постачається на зовнішні ринки, в той час як внутрішнє споживання, як і в інших сегментах, знаходиться в стагнації.Тривалий час ринок гороху в Україні лобіювався і стрімко набирав обертів, спонукаючи аграріїв робити ставки на нього, тим більше що культура є досить рентабельною і добре себе зарекомендувала в сівозміні. Однак в останні роки відмічаєтьсяпорівняно невисокі темпи росту урожайності і низький рівень стабільності продуктивності ценозів зернобобових культур. Якщо у 1992 році посівна площа гороху в Україні перевищувала мільйон гектарів, то в 2020 році не було засіяно навіть половини від цього показника. Проте для підвищення прибутковості необхідно впроваджувати технології вирощування гороху, які б забезпечували значно вищу врожайність, ніж та, яку аграрії отримують в останні роки. Цілком реально підвищити її до 50 ц/га і більше, про що свідчить досвід країн Європи. Обумовлено це насамперед тим, що горох в значній мірі знижує свою продуктивність за несприятливих погодних умов та не збалансованості елементів живлення. Оптимальні умови живлення у свою чергу забезпечують формування досить високої урожайності та якості зерна і при цьому,в значній мірі, знижують негативний вплив погодних умов. Вирощування продукції зернобобових культур є надзвичайно важливим чинником у створенні ефективного механізму підвищення родючості ґрунтів на основі акумуляції атмосферного азоту та накопичення органічної речовини з метою посилення процесів гуміфікації. В технології вирощування кожної культури важливе значення має кожен її елемент. В огляді наведено сучасний аналіз даних літературних джерел щодо особливостей гороху, його врожайності та структури посівних площ. Описано особливості формування та функціонування симбіотичного апарату гороху, наведено деякі сучасні біологічні препарати та мікродобрива. Розглянуто вплив біопрепаратів та мікродобрив на формування врожайності, їх значення у проходження фізіологічних процесів у рослинах гороху. Визначено ключові фази росту та розвитку рослин у яких вони найбільше потребують мікроелементів. Відмічається, перспективність підвищення продуктивних посівів гороху за створення оптимальних збалансованих за всіма елементами умов живлення та стимуляції азотфіксації.
Comparative study of guar gum and its cationic derivatives as pre-flocculating polymers for PCC fillers in papermaking applications
Authors: Ghosh Indrasena , Sharma Chhaya , Tandon Rita
Published: May 2022

In this work, gums from guar seeds were evaluated as a potential precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) filler pre-flocculant to induce functional filler in papermaking applications. In recent years, guar has been conidered one of the promising wet-end additives due to its abundance, rich source of hemicellulose content, and bio-degradability. However, application of guar gum in filler pretreatment methods for producing high ash paper has scarcely been reported. In this paper, the flocculating ability of three types of guar gum was established with charge analysis and turbidity (NTU) of the system at 1% and 5% for each gum: native gum (NG) having a degree of substitution (DS) of 0, and cationic gums having a DS value of 0.07 (CL) and 0.15 (CH). It was interesting to observe that even at a 5% dose of G, the charge density of PCC did not deviate much from the initial values. The system carried a weak negativeharge, resulting in an unstable colloidal suspension that led to PCC-PCC particle bridging. On the other hand, the operative mechanism of CL and CH during adsorption and PCC flocculation was predicted to be charge neutralization and electrostatic-patch formation, accompanied by particle bridging. Note that CL, with a maximum 47.5% eduction in residual turbidity of PCC at a 1% dose, was much more efficient in doing so than the other two gums; NG had a 40% maximum reduction in residual turbidity at a 5% dose and CH had a maximum 30% reduction at a 1% ose. Later on, floc formation and structure were correlated with optical and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images. In the next set of trials, paper properties were determined by varying the different gum dosages from 0.2% to 5% at a constant dose of 20% filler. It is also noteworthy to mention that with 1% CL (low DS) dose, PCC retention increased by 39%, which also enhanced the tensile, tear, burst, and opacity properties by 11%, 19%, 5%, and 4.4%, respectively, without significantly affecting the bulk properties. Further, wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed that pre-flocculating PCC with a 1% gum dose did not induce any change in crystalline transformation. Based on observation, it was found that cationic gums with low DS values re a better choice for maximizing the strength of paper while maintaining bulk and high opacity when pre-flocculaion is adopted to increase the filler retention in paper.
CУПУТНИКОВІ КОМПАСИ У СИСТЕМІ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ БЕЗПЕКИ НАВІГАЦІЇ СУДЕН
Authors: Melnyk O.M. , Koriakin K.S. , Lohinov O.V.
Published: May 2022

Вступ. Перевезення вантажів з використанням морського транспорту має надзвичайно довгу історію, яка безперервно продовжується і сьогодні, набуваючи нових особливостей, пов’язаних з технічним розвитком суден, удосконаленням технології перевезення вантажів, інтенсивною трансформацією зовнішнього середовища. Обладнання сучасних морських суден навігаційним устаткуванням, радіообладнанням, рятувальними та протипожежними засобами та пристроями відбувається за певних правил та підлягає строгому нагляду щодо відповідності всім наявним на поточний момент міжнародним вимогам і стандартам з метою забезпечення безпечної практики експлуатації суден, що досягається шляхом належного використання всіх технічних приладів і систем. Метою цієї роботи є дослідження характеристик і особливостей застосування електронних засобів супутникової навігації, визначення перспектив використання альтернативних засобів курсовказання, таких як супутникові компаси, їх функціональних можливостей з метою підвищення ефективності процесу судноводіння і забезпечення безаварійної експлуатації суден. Результати. У представленій роботі розкриваються практичні та теоретичні аспекти використання систем супутникової навігації, зокрема впровадження таких альтернативних засобів курсовказання, як супутникові компаси. Висновки. У ході дослідження встановлено, що характеристики та функціональні можливості супутникових пристроїв курсовказання здатні не тільки підвищити ефективність процесу судноводіння, але й забезпечити безаварійну експлуатацію суден, що додатково підтверджує їх актуальність. Поширене використання супутникових компасів як невід’ємної частини навігаційного обладнання сучасних суден значно спрощує процес судноводіння і дає можливість швидко і точно визначати необхідні параметри руху судна.
Change in the Alignment and Distal Junctional Kyphosis Development after Posterior Cervical Spinal Fusion Surgery for Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy – Risk Factor Analysis
Authors: Lee Jung Jae , Park Jin Hoon , Oh Young Gyu , Shin Hong Kyung , Park Byong Gon
Published: May 2022

Objective : This study analyzed the risk factors in patients who developed distal junctional kyphosis (DJK) after posterior cervical fusion.Methods : We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and radiographic outcomes of 64 patients, aged ≥18 years (51 and 13 male and female patients, respectively), who underwent single-staged multilevel (3–6 levels) posterior cervical fusion surgery due to multiple cervical spondylotic myelopathy. The surgeries were performed by a single spinal surgeon between January 2012 and December 2017. Demographic data, clinical outcomes, and radiological results were collected. We divided the patients into a DJK group and a non-DJK group according to the presence of DJK and investigated the risk factors by comparing the differences between the two groups.Results : Of the 64 patients, 13 developed DJK. No significant differences in clinical results were observed between the two groups before and immediately after the surgery. At the final follow-up, a higher visual analog score for neck pain was observed in the DJK group compared to the non-DJK group (p<0.01). The DJK group had a significantly lower T1 slope and a significantly higher C2-7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA) before surgery compared to the non-DJK group (p=0.03 and p<0.01, respectively). Immediately after surgery, the difference between the two groups decreased and no significant difference was observed. However, at the last followup, a significantly higher C2-7 SVA was observed in the DJK group (p<0.01). At the last follow up, there is no discrepancy in T1S-CL. In multiple logistic regression analysis, preoperative higher C2-7 SVA and preoperative lower T1 slope were identified as independent risk factors (p=0.03 and p<0.01, respectively). As a result, it was confirmed that DJK occurred along the process of returning to preoperative values.Conclusion : DJK can be considered to be caused by cervical misalignment due to excessive change in the surgical site in patients with low T1 slope and high C2-7 SVA before surgery. This also affects the clinical outcome after surgery. It is recommended to refrain from excessive segmental lordosis changes during multilevel cervical post fusion surgery, especially in patients with a small preoperative T1 slope and a large SVA value.
Action of two neuroactive steroids against motor seizures induced by pentetrazol in rats during ontogeny
Authors: Mareš P , Haugvicová R , Kasal A
Published: May 2022

The anticonvulsant action of two neuroactive steroids, 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one (pregnanolone) and triethylammonium 3 alpha-hydroxy-20-oxo-5 alpha-pregnan-21-yl hydrogensuccinate (THDOC-conjugate), was tested against motor seizures induced by pentetrazol in immature rats. Five age groups (7, 12, 18 and 25 days old and adult rats) were pretreated with the steroids in doses from 2.5 to 40 mg/kg i.p. Twenty minutes later pentetrazol (100 mg/kg s.c.) was administered. Minimal seizures (clonic seizures of head and forelimb muscles with preserved righting ability) could be induced in the three older age groups. They were suppressed by pregnanolone in all these tested groups (this effect was best expressed in 18-day-old rats and decreased with age), whereas significant changes in THDOC-conjugate-pretreated animals appeared only in 18-day-old rats. Generalized tonic-clonic seizures were suppressed by both neuroactive steroids in all age groups, this effect being more marked with pregnanolone and again decreased with age. The 7- and 12-day-old rats exhibited higher sensitivity of the tonic phase so that generalized clonic seizures were observed. Duration of the effect was studied in 12- and 25-day-old animals; it was substantially shorter in the older rats than in 12-day-old animals. Both drugs exhibited an anticonvulsant action in developing rats but, unfortunately, their effect was only shortlasting.
Salsolinol, a derivate of dopamine, is a possible modulator of catecholaminergic transmission: a review of recent developments
Authors: Mravec B
Published: May 2022

Catecholamine (dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine) synthesizing neurons are widely distributed in the brain, sympathetic ganglia and throughout peripheral organs. Results of several recent experiments clearly suggest that many of these neurons can also contain 1-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (salsolinol), a derivate of dopamine. However, direct proof of salsolinol synthesis in those neurons is still missing. The data obtained with administration of exogenous salsolinol strongly indicate that it may play an important role in catecholaminergic regulatory processes, such as the regulation of prolactin release and/or neuronal transmission in sympathetic ganglia. Several recent data have also indicated a relationship between salsolinol or its metabolites and the etiology of Parkinson's disease or neuropathology of chronic alcoholism. These seemingly different roles of salsolinol will be discussed separately, but some common features will also be highlighted. Based on all of the discussed data the existence of a "salsolinolergic" system using salsolinol as a neuromodulator, which may be present in catecholamine synthesizing neurons, is postulated.
Adhesion of erythrocytes to endothelial cells after acute exercise: differences in red blood cells from juvenile and adult rats
Authors: Temiz Artmann A , Akhisaroglu M , Sercan Z , Resmi H , Kayatekin BM , Yorukoglu K , Kirkali G
Published: May 2022

Erythrocytes (RBC) from untrained male Wistar rats and rat glomerular endothelial cells (EC) were used to investigate the effects of acute exercise (speed: 20 m/min, slope: 0, duration: 1 hour) on RBC membrane protein oxidation and adhesion to cultured EC. Experimental animals were divided into juvenile (age 10 weeks) and adult (age 30 weeks) groups for these studies. Immediately following exercise, juvenile rat RBC membrane protein oxidation was significantly enhanced. Adult rat RBC showed significantly higher basal protein oxidation than juvenile RBC; but the level of adult rat RBC membrane protein oxidation was unaffected by exercise. Prior to exercise, adult rat RBC showed significantly higher adhesion to EC than RBC of juvenile rat. There was no difference in plasma fibronectin or fibrinogen levels following exercise. Only juvenile rat RBC showed a significant decrease in sialic acid residue content following exercise. These experiments show that there are changes in RBC-EC interactions following exercise that are influenced by animal age.
The Psychological Implications of Automated Insulin Delivery Systems in Type 1 Diabetes Care
Authors: Nefs Giesje
Published: May 2022

Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems have brought important glycemic benefits to type 1 diabetes management. The present paper provides an overview of their psychological implications. Trials and real-world observational studies report improvements in diabetes-specific quality of life, with qualitative work describing reduced management burden, increased flexibility and improved relationships. Not all experiences are positive, however, evidenced by dropping algorithm use soon after device initiation. Apart from finance and logistics, reasons for discontinuation include technology frustrations, wear-related issues and unmet glycemic and work load expectations. New challenges include distrust in proper AID functioning, overreliance and deskilling, compensatory behaviors to override or trick the system and optimize time in range, and concerns related to wearing multiple devices on the body. Research efforts may focus on incorporating a diversity perspective, updating existing person-reported outcome measures according to new technology developments, addressing implicit or explicit health professional bias in technology access, examining the merits of incorporating stress reactivity in the AID algorithm, and developing concrete approaches for psychological counseling and support related to technology use. An open dialogue with health professionals and peers about expectations, preferences and needs may foster the collaboration between the person with diabetes and the AID system.