bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oncolytic Reovirus Inhibits Immunosuppressive Activity of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in a TLR3-Dependent Manner
Authors: Katayama Yuki , Tachibana Masashi , Kurisu Nozomi , Oya Yukako , Terasawa Yuichi , Goda Hiroshi , Kobiyama Kouji , Ishii Ken J. , Akira Shizuo , Mizuguchi Hiroyuki , Sakurai Fuminori
Published: March 2018

Oncolytic reovirus, which possesses 10 segments of dsRNA genome, mediates antitumor effects via not only virus replication in a tumor cell–specific manner, but also activation of antitumor immunity; however, the mechanism(s) of reovirus-induced activation of antitumor immunity have not been fully elucidated. Recent studies have demonstrated that overcoming an immunosuppressive environment in tumor-bearing hosts is important to achieve efficient activation of antitumor immunity. Among the various types of cells involved in immunosuppression, it has been revealed that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are significantly increased in tumor-bearing hosts and play crucial roles in the immunosuppression in tumor-bearing hosts. In this study, we examined whether reovirus inhibits the immunosuppressive activity of MDSCs, resulting in efficient activation of immune cells after in vivo administration. The results showed that splenic MDSCs recovered from PBS-treated tumor-bearing mice significantly suppressed the Ag-specific proliferation of CD8+ T cells. In contrast, the suppressive activity of MDSCs on T cell proliferation was significantly reduced after reovirus administration. Reovirus also inhibited the immunosuppressive activity of MDSCs in IFN-β promoter stimulator-1 knockout (KO) mice and in wild-type mice. In contrast, the immunosuppressive activity of MDSCs in TLR-3 KO mice was not significantly altered by reovirus treatment. The activation levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were significantly lower in TLR3 KO mice than in wild-type mice after reovirus administration. These results indicate that reovirus inhibits the immunosuppressive activity of MDSCs in a TLR3, but not IFN-β promoter stimulator-1, signaling-dependent manner.
Secondhand Smoke Induces Inflammation and Impairs Immunity to Respiratory Infections
Authors: Bhat Tariq A. , Kalathil Suresh Gopi , Bogner Paul N. , Miller Austin , Lehmann Paul V. , Thatcher Thomas H. , Phipps Richard P. , Sime Patricia J. , Thanavala Yasmin
Published: March 2018

Despite advocacy to reduce smoking-related diseases, >1 billion people worldwide continue to smoke. Smoking is immunosuppressive and an important etiological factor in the development of several human disorders including respiratory diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, there is a critical gap in the knowledge of the role of secondhand smoke (SHS) in inflammation and immunity. We therefore studied the influence of SHS on pulmonary inflammation and immune responses to respiratory infection by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) recurrently found in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Chronic SHS-exposed mice were chronically infected with NTHI and pulmonary inflammation was evaluated by histology. Immune cell numbers and cytokines were measured by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. Chronic SHS exposure impaired NTHI P6 Ag-specific B and T cell responses following chronic NTHI infection as measured by ELISPOT assays, reduced the production of Abs in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage, and enhanced albumin leak into the bronchoalveolar lavage as determined by ELISA. Histopathological examination of lungs revealed lymphocytic accumulation surrounding airways and bronchovasculature following chronic SHS exposure and chronic infection. Chronic SHS exposure enhanced the levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-17A, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the lungs, and impaired the generation of adaptive immunity following either chronic infection or P6 vaccination. Chronic SHS exposure diminished bacterial clearance from the lungs after acute NTHI challenge, whereas P6 vaccination improved clearance equivalent to the level seen in air-exposed, non-vaccinated mice. Our study provides unequivocal evidence that SHS exposure has long-term detrimental effects on the pulmonary inflammatory microenvironment and immunity to infection and vaccination.
Event Data Recorder - Retrieval Tool Protocol
Authors:   Event Data Recorder Committee
Published: March 2018

This Recommended Practice utilizes existing industry standards to identify a common physical interface and define the protocols necessary to retrieve records stored by light duty vehicle Event Data Recorders (EDRs). To accomplish this, the SAE J1962 Diagnostic Connector is designated as the primary physical interface for EDR Retrieval Tools.

This Recommended Practice is intended to be used for the development of EDR Retrieval Tools. Retrieval tools are intended to interface with light duty vehicles and to produce EDR Record Reports with data element formats specified by SAE J1698-1.

Limitations:

This Recommend Practice specifies how EDR records should be imaged, translated, and reported by EDR Retrieval Tools. It does not specify how EDR records are recorded and stored by individual vehicles.

This Recommended Practice addresses EDR Record Retrieval (including imaging and translating) via the connection to the vehicle’s SAE J1962 connector or via direct connection to an Electronic Control Unit (ECU) containing an EDR record. Direct connection to an ECU may require the use of specialized interface adapters.
Dentition Status and Treatment Needs among Women involved in Sex Work as a Profession in the Red Light District of Pune, Maharashtra, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Khan Rehan , Muralidharan Shrikanth , Sevekari Tejaswi , Margabandhu Shanthi , Rupawat Divya , Desale Mandakini
Published: March 2018

Introduction

The overall rehabilitation of women in sex work is unfortunately limited most of the time only to moving them to another profession, but it should be focused on including health as an important factor. Factors that restrict regular dental care include misconceptions, dental fear and expense of dental care, unpleasant dental experiences, and socioeconomic factors, but such a direct correlation cannot be made in the case of such women. Until now, no study has been conducted related to the complete dentition status and treatment needs of women in sex work.

Aim

The aim of our survey was to evaluate the dentition status and treatment needs among the brothel-based women engaged in sex work.

Materials and methods

A pilot study was conducted on 30 women and the final sample size was estimated to be 350. All the women were above 18 years old. Systematic random sampling method was followed after line listing of the brothels. The dentition status and treatment needs were recorded using the World Health Organization assessment form, 1997. The data collected were tabulated and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 16.0. The Chi-squared test was carried out to check the association, and all p-values below 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.

Results

The mean number of decayed teeth per person was 5.05 (±4.81), missing teeth per person was 0.96 ± 2.71, filled teeth per person was 0.04 (±0.34), and the mean of decayed missing filled permanent teeth per person was 6.05 (±5.84). There was a significant association between dental caries and age, using finger to clean the teeth, and not visiting the dentist.

Clinical significance

Due to different risk factors, such as diet, improper oral hygiene maintenance, and substance abuse, the overall dental health was found to be compromised in this population. Economic burden is an important factor that influences their attitude toward oral health and is likely to be inherited by their next generation also.

How to cite this article

Muralidharan S, Acharya AK, Sevekari T, Margabandhu S, Rupawat D, Khan R, Desale M. Dentition Status and Treatment Needs among Women involved in Sex Work as a Profession in the Red Light District of Pune, Maharashtra, India: A Cross-sectional Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(3):269-272.
Does Erbium:Yttrium–Aluminum–Garnet Laser to Enamel improve the Performance of Etch-and-rinse and Universal Adhesives?
Authors: de Jesus Tavarez Rudys Rodolfo , Torres Carlos RG , Firoozmand Leily M , Rodrigues Lorrany LC , Diniz Ana C , Lage Lucas M
Published: March 2018

Aim

This study aims to evaluate the effect of erbium: Yttrium–aluminum–garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation on the enamel microshear bond strength (µSBS), followed by the utilization of etch-and-rinse and universal adhesive systems.

Materials and methods

A total of 32 molars were sectioned in the mesiodistal direction producing 64 samples that were randomized into two groups (n = 32): single bond 2 (SB2) (etch-and-rinse system; 3M), SB universal (SBU) (universal etching system; The SB2 and SBU groups were then divided into two subgroups (n = 16): (i) enamel was irradiated with an Er:YAG laser (λ = 2.94 μm, 60 mJ, 10 Hz), and (ii) enamel served as a control. The samples were restored with TPH3 (Dentsply), stored in artificial saliva for 24 hours, and subjected to a microshear test.

Results

Kruskal–Wallis (p < 0.05) and Mann–Whitney U tests indicated no significant differences in μSBS between the groups, and the fractures were predominately at the resin–enamel interface.

Conclusion

The previous irradiation of enamel with Er:YAG laser does not interfere with the performance of simplified two-step etch-and-rinse and universal adhesive systems.

Clinical significance

The increasing use of Er:YAG laser is important to evaluate the influence of this irradiation on the adhesion of restorative materials. Thus, to obtain the longevity of the restorative procedures, it is necessary to know the result of the association of the present adhesive systems to the irradiated substrate.

How to cite this article

De Jesus Tavarez RR, Rodrigues LLC, Diniz AC, Lage LM, Torres CRG, Bandeca MC, Firoozmand LM. Does Erbium:Yttrium–Aluminum–Garnet Laser to Enamel improve the Performance of Etch-and-rinse and Universal Adhesives? J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(3):278-282.
Evaluation of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Resin-modified Glass Ionomer Cements, and Composite as a Coronal Barrier: An in vitro Microbiological Study
Authors: Shinde Sachin V , Rashmi Nagaraj , Moiz Ahmed A , Vyas Tarun , Guram Guneet
Published: March 2018

Aim

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the bacterial microleakage of three different materials, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC), and flowable composite, as a coronal barrier against Enterococcus faecalis.

Materials and methods

A total of 100 human extracted single-rooted teeth were selected. Access opening done, working length determined, and canals were cleaned and shaped with ProTaper F3 and obturated with AH26 and gutta-percha (GP) using lateral condensation technique. Samples were divided into three experimental and two control groups. Approximately 3 mm GP was removed from the coronal orifice and restored with one of the test materials. Teeth were suspended in glass tubes containing brain heart infusion (BHI) broth and equipped with microcaps, which were used to check bacterial leakage. A 24-hour broth of E. faecalis was placed in the pulp chamber. Tubes were incubated and checked for turbidity for 90 days. Data were analyzed using chi-squared test between the test and control groups and Fisher test between the test groups.

Results

Significantly lesser number of samples turned turbid in the RMGIC group followed by MTA group and the maximum number of samples turned turbid in the flowable composite group.

Conclusion

The RMGIC is a better coronal sealer, followed by MTA and flowable composite.

Clinical significance

Coronal sealing ability of RMGIC is more promising in comparison with the other agents.

How to cite this article

Rashmi N, Shinde SV, Moiz AA, Vyas T, Shaik JA, Guram G. Evaluation of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Resin-modified Glass Ionomer Cements, and Composite as a Coronal Barrier: An in vitro Microbiological Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(3):292-295.
O alcance do direito à identidade pessoal no direito civil brasileiro
Authors: De Paula Konder Carlos Nelson
Published: March 2018

O artigo aborda a transformação do direito à identidade pessoal, passando de sua versão inicial, conformada por decisões italianas da década de 1970, como defesa contra a imputação de uma identidade que não seja compatível com a sua, para uma versão interdisciplinar, na qual se tutela o próprio processo dinâmico de construção dialógica da identidade, protegendo-o contra a ausência ou insuficiência do seu reconhecimento. São mencionadas questões atuais e controversas envolvendo o direito à identidade, tais como o direito a não ter sua imagem utilizada fora de contexto, as fake news, a proteção das terras indígenas e quilombolas, o direito ao esquecimento, a tutela da identidade genética e do direito a conhecer as próprias origens, a criação de perfis falsos na rede, a liberdade de orientação sexual e o tratamento jurídico da transexualidade, para então, diante de toda essa abrangência, discutir os limites ao direito à identidade pessoal. Nesse ponto, o artigo refuta a utilização em abstrato do interesse público e discute o critério da proteção da autonomia existencial.
Paris Fashion
Authors: Steele Valerie
Published: March 2018

Paris has been the international capital of style for three hundred years. Although challenged by other fashion cities such as Milan, London and New York, Paris remains special. This fascinating book shows that the strength of the French fashion industry rests on the depth and sophistication of its fashion culture. Revised and updated, Paris Fashion is reprinted here in paperback for the first time. More than just a history of famous designers and changing styles, the book is about fashion as a cultural ideal and a social phenomenon. By focusing on a ‘case study’ of Paris, Steele provides brilliant insights into the significance of fashion in modern urban society. The author, an internationally recognized authority on the history of fashion, is the author of many books, including Fashion and Eroticism, Women of Fashion: 20th-Century Designers, Fetish: Fashion, Sex & Power, and Fifty Years of Fashion: New Look to Now. Reprinted August 1999.
Global patterns of leaf nutrient resorption in herbaceous plants
Authors: Wang Zhiqiang , Fan Zhexuan , Zhao Qi , Ran Jinzhi , Niklas Karl J.
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Nutrient resorption plays an important role in plant ecology because it plays a key role in nutrient conservation strategies of plants. However, our current knowledge about the patterns of nutrient resorption among herbaceous species at a global scale is still inadequate. Here, we present a meta-analysis using a global dataset of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) resorption efficiency spanning 521 observations and 248 herbaceous species. This analysis shows that the N resorption efficiency (NRE) and P resorption efficiency (PRE) across all herbaceous plant groups are 54.7 % and 64.5 %, respectively. Across all species, NRE, PRE and N : P resorption ratios (NRE : PRE) vary statistically significantly at a global scale, i.e., NRE, PRE and NRE : PRE increase with increasing latitude but decrease with increasing mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP). For different functional groups, similar patterns of NRE, PRE and NRE : PRE with respect to latitude, MAT and MAP are observed. Our study are very important complementary to global-scale studies of nutrient resorption and also can inform attempts to model biogeochemical cycling at a global scale.
Precipitation characteristics and associated weather conditions on
the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains during March–April 2015
Authors: Thériault Julie M. , Hung Ida , Vaquer Paul , Stewart Ronald E. , Pomeroy John
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Precipitation events that bring rain and snow to the Banff/Calgary area of Alberta are a critical aspect of the region's water cycle and can lead to major flooding events such as the June 2013 event that was the second most costly natural disaster in Canadian history. Because no special atmospheric oriented observations of these events have been made, a field experiment was conducted in March and April 2015 in Kananaskis, Alberta to begin to fill this gap. The goal was to characterize and better understand the formation of the precipitation at the surface during spring 2015 at a specific location in the Kananaskis Valley. Within the experiment, detailed measurements of precipitation and weather conditions were obtained, a vertically pointing Doppler radar was deployed, and soundings were launched. Although 17 precipitation events occurred, this period was associated with much less precipitation than normal (−25 %), above-normal temperatures (+2.5 °C) and below-normal relative humidity values (−2 %). Of the 133 hours of observed precipitation, solid precipitation occurred 71 % of the time, mixed precipitation occurred 9 % and rain occurred 20 %. An analysis of 17,504 images of precipitation particles showed that a wide variety of crystals and aggregates occurred and approximately 63 % were rimed; this was largely independent of whether flows aloft were upslope (easterly) or downslope (westerly). In the often sub-saturated surface conditions, hydrometeors containing ice occurred at temperatures as high as 9 °C. Radar structures aloft in association with precipitation were highly variable with reflectivity sometimes > 30 dBZe and vertical motions of particles sometimes reached ~ 1 m/s upward within ascending air masses. Precipitation was formed in this region within cloud fields sometimes having variable structures and within which supercooled water at least sometimes existed to produce accreted particles massive enough to reach the surface through the generally dry sub-cloud region.
Studying at UCL Institute of Archaeology: Past and Present
Authors: Frearson Charlotte , French Jennifer C.
Published: March 2018

Ranked in the top 5 in the UK for archaeology, for the 11th year in a row, in The Guardian University Guide League Tables.

Ranked in the top five for student satisfaction in The Complete University Guide 2018 League Table of UK archaeology departments (published in May 2017).

Twitter: @UCLarchaeology

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/UCLArchaeology_

Instagram: ucl_archaeology
Acercamientos a la educación del color en el diseño gráfico de la Universidad de Chile desde sus orígenes a la actualidad. Una reseña histórica.
Authors: Cares Peralta Sebastián
Published: March 2018

La enseñanza artística ha estado incluida en el sistema pedagógico chileno desde el siglo XVIII. Sin embargo, el Diseño Gráfico como disciplina proyectual no logra concretarse en Chile hasta la segunda mitad del siglo XX, abriendo paso entre escuelas de artes y escuelas de oficios a lo largo de la historia. De esta manera, esta disciplina proyectual sentó finalmente sus bases en la Escuela de Artes Aplicadas (EAA) que funcionó entre 1928 hasta 1968, institución en la cual se formaron profesores que participaron en la fundación de las escuelas de diseño tales como la Universidad de Chile, y que, por tanto, suponen una formación de color con un enfoque desde las artes plásticas por al cauce natural de la formación de la EAA. Sin embargo, las necesidades en relación al color que propuso el diseño como nueva disciplina, llevó a que profesores de su plantel docente se empezaran a interesar por el estudio del color a modo de complementar sus saberes adquiridos. De esta forma, algunos profesores se han especializado en el tema y han desarrollado cursos dedicados a tratar solamente el fenómeno de color, contribuyendo de manera significativa a la formación de estudiantes de diseño a lo largo de sus carreras.
The effect of age on cancer-specific mortality in patients with small renal masses: A population-based analysis
Authors: Bandini Marco , Marchioni Michele , Pompe Raisa S. , Tian Zhe , Martel Tristan , Chun Felix K. , Cindolo Luca , Kapoor Anil , Montorsi Francesco , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Briganti Alberto , Karakiewicz Pierre I.
Published: March 2018

Introduction: Contemporary data regarding the effect of age, especially in elderly patients, on cancer-specific mortality (CSM) for pT1a renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are lacking. The objective of the current study is to evaluate CSM in a large population-based cohort of surgically treated pT1a RCC patients according to age groups.Methods: Within the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database (2000‒2013), we identified 37 121 pT1a RCC patients who underwent either partial or radical nephrectomy. The population was stratified into five groups according to decades: <50, 50‒59, 60‒69, 70‒79, and ≥80 years. The effect of age on CSM was evaluated using competing risks regression models according to Fuhrman grade (FG). Analyses were repeated in clear-cell RCC (ccRCC).Results: Patients aged 50‒59 (9615), 60‒69 (10 762), 70‒79 (7096), and ≥80 (1789) years demonstrated higher rate of CSM compared to patients aged <50 (7856) years (hazard ratios [HR] 2.11, 3.04, 4.47, and 7.56, respectively; all p<0.001). The effect of age on CSM in FG 1‒2 patients resulted in HRs ranging from 2.01‒8.23 for the same age decades (all p< 0.001). Similarly, the effect of age on CSM in FG 3‒4 patients resulted in HRs ranging from 2.38‒5.92, respectively (all p<0.001). Virtually the same results were recorded in ccRCC patients.Conclusions: Older age is associated with higher CSM in surgically treated patients with pT1a RCC. This effect seems to be more pronounced in patient with FG 1‒2 disease. This observation should be considered when making treatment decisions in elderly patients.
Images – Ureteral fibroepithelial polyps: A modern approach to management
Authors: Hoare Dylan , Hobart Michael
Published: March 2018

N/A
Investigation of serum oxidative stress levels in patients with nasal polyps
Authors: Ekinci Adnan
Published: March 2018

Objective:  To  compare  serum  total  antioxidant  status  (TAS),  total  oxidant  status  (TOS),  and  paraoxonase  (PON1) levels between nasal polyp patients and heal thy subjects.Method: In the present study, The nasal polyp group includes 26 males an 22 females, a total of 48 patients (mean age 37.11±12.07 years), while the control group included 22 males and 24 females, a total of 46 healthy subjects (mean age 36.91±13.03) years. Groups were compared in terms of serum TAS, TOS and PON1 levels. Results:  The  mean  TAS  level  was  1.248  mmol/L  in  the  control  group,  it  was  1.176  mmol/L  in  the  patient  group (p=0.044). The mean TOS level was 3.443 mmol/L in the control group, and it was 6.720 mmol/L in the patient group (p=006).  Nasal  polyp  and  control  groups  did  not  show  any  significant  difference  for  PON1  (301.15  U/L  vs.  295.75 U/L,p>0.05).  Conclusion: Serum TOS levels were significantly higher, and TAS levels were significantly lower in patients with nasal polyposis  compared  it  the  control  group.  There  was  no  significant  difference  between  the  patients  with  nasal polypand the control group in terms of the PON1 values.
The efficacy of adalimumab in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Balevi Ali , Ustuner Pelin , Özdemir Mustafa
Published: March 2018

Objectives:  Hidradenitis  suppurativa  is  seen  as  a  result  of  the  occlusion,  constriction  and  bacterial  infection  of  the apocrine  glands  in  bilateral  axillas,  submammarian  areas,  neck,  inguinal  regions,  flexural  surfaces  of  the  thighs  and anogenital areas. Among the biological agents adalimumab is a recombinant human IgG1 monoclonal antibody; TNF-α antagonist approved to be used in the treatment of hidradenitissuppurativa.  Methods: In this study, 12 patients resistant to conventional treatments with moderate severity, Hurley stage 2 or 3 were started subcutaneous adalimumab treatment. The disease activities upon the hidradenitis suppurativa, clinical severity index and life quality index of the patients were examined both before and 1 year after the treatment.  Results: Twelve  patients were recruited. In the examination of  the  hidradenitis  suppurativa  clinical  severity  scores, significant  clinical  responses  were  noted  in  9  (75%)  patients.  While  the  mean  value  of  the  life  quality  index  was 14.4±6.9 before the treatment, it was determined to be significantly decreased to 4.3±3.8 after the treatment. Conclusion:  We  concluded  that  adalimumab;  the  unique  biological  agent  approved  to  be  used  in  the  treatment  of treatment-resistant, moderate-severe hidradenitis suppurativa is efficient and safe in similar ratios with the previous clinical studies in the literature.
Yeni Tanı Almış Metformin Kullanan Tip 2 Diyabetes Mellituslu Hastalarda Serum İrisin Seviyelerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Şahin Elif , Altay Diler Us
Published: March 2018

Amaç:İrisin enerji metabolizması yollarının düzenlenmesinde

rol alan ve Tip 2 diyabet(T2DM)’li kişilerde kandaki miktarı azalan bir

hormondur. Metformin de yakıt ve enerji metabolizmasını etkileyen ve Tip 2

diyabet tedavisinde çok yaygın olarak kullanılan bir ilaçtır. Bu bilgilerden

hareketle bu çalışmada, metformin kullanımının serum irisin seviyesi üzerine

etkisinin aydınlatılması amaçlanmıştır.Yöntemler:Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Hastalıkları Bilim

Dalı' na başvuran ve OGTT sonucu glukoztoleransının bozulmuş olduğu belirlenen

20 kişi çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Egzersiz ve beslenme gibi hayat tarzlarında

değişiklik ve metformin kullanılması tavsiye edilen bu kişilerden 1 aylık

dönemin ardından tekrar kan alınmıştır. Ayrıca, hasta grubuyla yaş ve cinsiyet

olarak eşleşen sağlıklı kişilerden oluşan bir kontrol grubu oluşturulmuş (n=20

), bu iki gruptan alınan kan örneklerindeki irisinseviyeleri ELISA metoduyla

ölçülmüştürBulgular:Hasta grubunun tedavi öncesi kan örneklerindeki

irisin seviyeleri ile bir ay boyunca tavsiye edilen tedavileri sonrası alınan

kan örneklerindeki irisin seviyeleri arasında önemli bir farklılık olmadığı

gözlemlenmiştir (p=0.780). Kontrol grubuyla tedavi gören grup arasında da

benzer bir sonuç elde edilirken (p=0.170), kontrol grubuyla hasta grubunun

tedavi öncesi örneklerindeki irisin miktarları karşılaştırıldığında, kontrol

grubunun serum irisin değerinin anlamlı derecede daha fazla olduğu bulunmuştur

(p=0.002).Sonuç:Sonuç olarak, hayat tarzının değiştirilerek alınan

metforminin T2DM’li hastaların kanlarındaki irisin seviyesini değiştirip,

değiştirmediği konusunda net bir kanaate varılamamıştır.
Sıkı Glisemik Kontrolü olan Tip 1 Diabetes Mellituslu Çocuklarda Yüksek Sıralı Korneal Aberrasyonların Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Kızıltoprak Hasan , Koç Mustafa , Tekin Kemal , İnanç Merve , Kurnaz Erdal , Aycan Zehra , Yılmazbaş Pelin
Published: March 2018

Amaç: Kan glukoz seviyesi sıkı kontrol altında olan Tip  1 Diabetes Mellituslu (DM) çocuklarda yüksek sıralı korneal aberrasyonların benzer yaş ve cinsiyetteki sağlıklı çocuklarla karşılaştırılması. Yöntemler:  Tip  1  DM’li  çocukların  (DM  grubu)  ve  benzer  yaştaki  sağlıklı  olguların  (kontrol  grubu)  tam  oftalmolojik muayenesi yapıldıktan sonra yüksek sıralı korneal aberrasyonları [koma, trefoil, sferik aberasyon, yüksek sıralı root mean square (YS-RMS), toplam RMS] Pentacam HR (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) ile ölçüldü.  Bulgular: DM grubunda 52  hasta (29 erkek, 23 kız) kontrol grubunda 39 (20 erkek, 19 kız) gönüllü bulunmaktaydı. DM grubunda ortalama preprandial kan glukoz değeri 86.4 ± 8.2 mg/dl ve ortalama HbA1c değeri %5.2±0.75 olarak saptandı. DM grubunda yaş ortalaması 12,64±3,75 yıl iken kontrol grubunda 11,94±4,09 yıl idi. İki grup arasında yaş ve  cinsiyet  açısından  istatistiksel  olarak  anlamlı  farklılık  yoktu  (p=0.745,  p=0.364  sırasıyla).  Grupların  yüksek  sıralı korneal aberasyon değerleri [koma, trefoil, sferik aberasyon, yüksek sıralı root mean  square (YS-RMS), toplam RMS] karşılaştırıldığında gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı (p=0,415, p=0,690, p=0,642,p=0,0840, p=0,647, her biri için). Sonuç: Kan glukoz seviyesi iyi kontrol edilen çocuklarda korneanın yüksek sıralı aberasyonları değişmemektedir.
The fatigue perception and its role in patient management
Authors: Yurtsever Ceyhun , Set Turan , Ateş Elif
Published: March 2018

Objective:

Fatigue is one of the most common complaints in primary care. Patients' fatigue

perceptions may be very different from each other. We aimed to determine the

fatigue perception and its relationship with fatigue severity, sociodemographic

characteristics, history, physical examination and laboratory findings in

patients with complaints of fatigue.Methods:

This study was carried out as a cross-sectional study in a tertiary family

medicine clinic between June 2016 and June 2017. All patients aged 18 years and

over who were complaining of fatigue for at least 1 month were invited to

study. Fatigue perceptions of volunteers who agreed to participate in the study

(n = 116) were evaluated with a structured form prepared by researchers.

Fatigue severity was measured using Fatigue Severity Scale and Checklist

Individual Strength surveys. Patients’ records including history, physical

examination and laboratory results were included in the study.Results:

The mean age of participants was 29.5 ± 9.8 years and 87.9% were female. We

asked patients “what do they mean by fatigue?” and “what fatigue complaints

contain?”. Tiredness, lack of energy and sleeplessness - somnolence - desire to

sleep were the most common answers. Expression that had the highest score from

the fatigue severity scales was the needle hurt sensation for all body. In

patients’ records, the most common findings in patients with fatigue were

vitamin D deficiency (84.5%), sleeping problem (72.8%) and depression (69%).

When the relationship between fatigue perceptions and possible etiologic

factors was examined, it was observed that most of them were related with the

depression risk. As a result, it was observed that seven different findings

affected nineteen different fatigue perceptions.Conclusion:

In this study, fatigue perception has been shown to be as important as other

features. The physicians should investigate its content and try to understand

the patient.
Combination of Prostate Cancer Antigen 3 and Prostate-Specific Antigen Improves Diagnostic Accuracy in Men at Risk of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Cao Liyun , Lee Chi Hyun , Ning Jing , Handy Beverly C. , Wagar Elizabeth A. , Meng Qing H.
Published: March 2018

Context.—

Prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) is a noncoding RNA that is highly overexpressed in prostate cancer (PCa) tissue and excreted in urine in patients with PCa.

Objective.—

To assess the clinical utility of urinary PCA3 in men at risk of PCa.

Design.—

We retrospectively reviewed a cohort of 271 men (median age, 63 years) with elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and/or strong family history, and/or abnormal digital rectal examination findings. Diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV), positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR+, LR−), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the receiver-operating characteristic curves (AUC) were evaluated.

Results.—

PCA3 score was a significant predictor of prostate biopsy outcome (P < .001). A PCA3 score of 30 was the optimal cutoff for our study cohort, with a diagnostic sensitivity of 72.7%, specificity of 67.5%, PPV of 47.1%, NPV of 86.2%, LR+ of 2.24, LR− of 0.40, and DOR of 5.55. At this cutoff score, the PCA3 assay could avoid 57.4% of unnecessary invasive biopsies in the overall study cohort and 70.3% in the subgroup with PSA level in the “gray zone” (4–10 ng/mL). A logistic regression algorithm combining PCA3 with PSA increased the AUC from 0.571 for PSA-only to 0.729 (P < .001). The logistic combined marker gained the ability to discriminate low-grade from high-grade cancers.

Conclusions.—

Our data suggest that PCA3 improves the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of PSA and that the combination of PCA3 with PSA gives better overall performance in identification of PCa than serum PSA alone in the high-risk population.
Writing Boxes: The Reading/Writing Connection Supporting Literacy in the Library
Authors: Von Drasek Lisa
Published: March 2018

In 1993, I was newly matriculated into a Master’s of Library Science program at Pratt Institute School of Information and Library Science. I was employed as a Librarian Trainee II with the Brooklyn Public Library, posted to the Park Slope Branch, in a then mixed-class neighborhood.But I had a dark secret. I couldn’t write. To be clear: the thought of college essays and research papers nauseated me. How was I going to get through graduate school? I barely made it through my undergraduate classes by creatively providing and producing alternative assessment products (anything except turning in a research paper). I was the master at avoiding addressing my writing anxiety.
Hair cortisol concentrations in New Zealand white rabbits subjected to surgery
Authors: Peric T , Comin A , Corazzin M , Montillo M , Canavese F , Stebel M , Prandi A
Published: March 2018

The aim of this study was to assess hair cortisol concentrations in New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) that were subjected to relocation and surgery to evaluate HPA-axis activity; in addition, we used this marker of cortisol secretion to evaluate the allostatic load of animals undergoing surgery. After a period of acclimatisation, which lasted 40 days from their arrival at the enclosure, 19 rabbits were subjected to T1-T12 dorsal arthrodesis (RS), 19 were sham-operated (SS), and 19 were non-operated (CON). Hair samples were collected at the time of arrival (ST1) at the animal facility, and seven other sets of hair samples were collected at 40-day intervals from the same area of skin for a period of 240 days as re-shaved hair (anagen phase): immediately before surgery (ST2) and after the surgery (ST3, ST4, ST5, ST6, ST7, and ST8). The transition from the rabbitry to the animal breeding facility led to a significant increase in cortisol concentration (ST2) in all of the groups. At ST3, the RS group presented higher cortisol concentrations than those of the SS group and the CON group. At ST4, the experimental groups showed similar values that remained constant until ST8. The results show that the management of rabbits undergoing surgery should be evaluated very carefully, and hair cortisol concentrations may provide a means of avoiding the dangerous cumulative effects of additional stressors close to surgery.
... hvornår kommer de FANDENS FUSIONER?
Authors: Glæsner Niels Mandøe , Hjort Katrin
Published: March 2018

Denmark is one of a small number of countries in which institutions offering bachelor level degrees in nursing, teaching and social work have not merged into the traditional university sector, but is organized in so-called University Colleges. During the last 20 years, the education of the welfare professionals have been the reorganized through extensive horizontal mergers in the last 20 years, reducing the number of institutions from 117 to 7. Vertical mergers between UC-s and Universities have not yet been realized but the question is for how long this will be the case. A potential future scenario is that a 5-year teaching degrees and master’s level degrees in welfare management will breach the barrier between the two sectors. Other scenarios that could change the UC sector profoundly include sales of buildings, local sponsorships and/or transnational purchases.
Den skønnede evidens
Authors: Haase Sanne
Published: March 2018

A prevalent narrative positions Denmark as a knowledge-based nation and implies a trust in our competitive advantage over other countries in finding smarter solutions. An evidence-base seems to be the key to identification of such “smarter” solutions. The evidence movement has reached far into the professional practice causing criticism. Although the dominant conceptualisation of evidence may be too insensitive to a dynamic and complex reality, rather than turning down the entire notion, the article presents a redefinition and expansion of the evidence term to include the knowledge forms of the professionals and their discretionary judgement.
Impact of Nutritional Intake on Function in People with Mild-to-Moderate Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Bromley Lacey , Horvath Peter J. , Bennett Susan E. , Weinstock-Guttman Bianca , Ray Andrew D.
Published: March 2018

Background:

We sought to assess the associations between nutrition and ambulation, daily activity, quality of life (QOL), and fatigue in individuals with mild-to-moderate disability with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods:

This cross-sectional pilot study included 20 ambulatory adult volunteers with MS (14 women and 6 men; mean ± SD age, 57.9 ± 10.2 years; mean ± SD Expanded Disability Status Scale score = 4.1 ± 1.8). Primary outcome variables included dietary assessment and the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). Secondary measures included the Timed 25-Foot Walk test, Timed Up and Go test, daily activity, and three self-report questionnaires: the 12-item Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale, the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale.

Results:

Significant correlations were seen between the percentage of diet comprising fats and the 6MWT (r = 0.51, P = .02) and the physical functioning component of the SF-36 (r = 0.47, P = .03). The percentage of carbohydrates was significantly correlated with the 6MWT (r = −0.43, P = .05), daily activity (r = −0.59, P = .005), and the physical functioning component of the SF-36 (r = −0.47, P = .03). Cholesterol, folate, iron, and magnesium were significantly positively correlated with the physical functioning component of the SF-36 and the 6MWT.

Conclusions:

These findings indicate better ambulation, daily function, and QOL with increased fat intake, decreased carbohydrate intake, and increased intake of the micronutrients cholesterol, folate, iron, and magnesium in people with mild-to-moderate MS. This pilot study highlights the potential impact of diet on function and QOL in MS.
Inefficient Neural Self-Stabilization: A theory of spontaneous resolutions and recurrent relapses in psychosis
Authors: Palaniyappan Lena
Published: March 2018

A striking feature of psychosis is the heterogeneity of the phenomenon.Presentations of psychosis vary from transient symptoms with no functional consequence in the general population to a tenacious illness on the other extreme, with a wide range of variable trajectories in between. Even among patients with schizophrenia, who are diagnosed on the basis of persistent deterioration, marked variation is seen in response to treatment, frequency of relapses and degree of eventual recovery. Existing theoretical accounts of psychosis almost exclusively focus on how symptoms are initially formed, with much less emphasis on explaining their variable course. In this review, I present an account that links several existing notions on the biology of psychosis with the variant clinical trajectories. My aim is to incorporate perspectives of systems neuroscience in a staging framework to explain the individual variations in illness course that follows the onset of psychosis.
Terapi Sistemik Defisit JKN: Bahan Refleksi Bagi Semua Pihak
Authors: Hidayat, SKM, MPPM, PhD Prof. Budi
Published: March 2018

Defisit layak disandang sebagai penyakit kronis JKN. Indikasi defisit terungkap dari angka rasioklaim. Pada tahun 2014 dan 2015 angka rasio klaim selalu berada diatas 100%. Angka ini merupakan hasil pembagian biaya klaim (atau biaya kesehatan peserta) dengan pendapatan iuran. Dengan demikian rasio klaim menggambarkan penyerapan dana iuran untuk biaya kesehatan saja. Padahal pendapatan iuran juga harus dialokasikan untuk biaya operasional dan cadangan. Defisit JKN akan terus bergulir jika terapi sistemik nihil. Untuk tahun 2016, hasil estimasi penulis dengan merujuk pada asumsi besaran iuran sesuai Peraturan Presiden No 28/2016 (Sekretariat Kabinet, 2016) dan tarif pelayanan Permenkes 59/2014 (Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia, 2014) menemukan angka rasio klaim 101%. Artinya, pendapatan iuran masih kurang meski hanya untuk mendanai pelayanan kesehatan. Dari mana sumber dana untuk mendanai biaya operasional? Apakah JKN hanya mengandalkan suntikan dana pemerintah? Label penyakit kronis defisit layak disandang oleh JKN. Apa obatnya?
Analisis Implementasi Kebijakan Rujuk Balik Diabetes Melitus di Puskesmas X Kota Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Hamzah Aries , Sulistiadi Wahyu
Published: March 2018

Abstrak Peningkatan Prevalensi Diabetes Melitus akan berdampak kepada tingginya pembiayaan kesehatan di Era Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional. Peran Puskesmas sebagai ujung tombak pelayananan kesehatan dalam implementasi rujuk balik Diabetes menjadi sangat penting. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektifitas implementasi kebijakan rujuk balik Diabetes Melitus di Puskesmas X tahun 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan Desain Studi content analysis dan metode triangulasi. Data primer didapatkan dengan waw¬ancara mendalam, diskusi kelompok terarah, dan pengamatan di lapangan. Data sekunder didapatkan dari dokumen kebijakan dan literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya ketidakefektifan implementasi kebijakan rujuk balik Diabetes Melitus di Puskesmas X. Hasil peneli¬tian ini merekomendasikan untuk menyempurnakan kembali regulasi yang ada selama ini agar rujuk balik diabetes mellitus dapat berjalan efektif dan tidak terjadi kesenjangan dalam implementasi kebijakan rujuk balik diabetes di masa mendatang. Abstract The Increasing of Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus will increase health expenditure in Universal Health Coverage (JKN). The role of health primary care as the front side in health services on back referral for Diabetes disease becomes very important. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of policy implementation in Diabetes Mellitus back referral behind PHC X 2014. This study used a qualitative approach to the study design content analysis and triangulation methods. Primary data obtained by in-depth interviews, focus groups, and observations in the field. Secondary data were obtained from policy documents and literature. The results showed ineffectiveness of policy implementation in Diabetes Mellitus back referral in X Primary Health Care. This study recommends to revise and make the existing regulations comprehensive in order to the implementation can be effective and further, there is no gap in Diabetes back referral policy implementation.
Cost Recovery Rate Tarif Rumah Sakit dan Tarif INA-CBG’s Berdasarkan Clinical Pathway pada Penyakit Arteri Koroner di RS Pemerintah A di Palembang Tahun 2015
Authors: Mardiah Mardiah , Rivany Ronnie
Published: March 2018

AbstrakAdanya selisih negatif pada kasus Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) pada tindakan Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI), mengindikasikan pembiayaan kesehatan masih terdapat kesenjangan antara tarif rumah sakit dengan tarif INA-CBG’s. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan cost recovery rate (CRR) tarif INA-CBG’s dan tarif rumah sakit kasus CAD dengan PCI di RS A Palembang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan berdasarkan cost of treatment berbasis clinical pathways pada severity level I CRR RS berada diatas CRR tarif INA-CBG’s, sedangkan pada severity level II CRR RS lebih rendah dari CRR tarif INA-CBG’s. Pada severity level III CRR tarif INA-CBG’s dengan utilisasi stent 1 dan 2 lebih tinggi dari CRR RS. Tarif INACBGs tidak memperhitungkan jumlah stent dalam setiap tindakan PCI. Perlu evaluasi metode penghitungan tarif INA-CBGs dari hospital base rate ke metode perhitungan cost of treatment berdasarkan clinical pathway, sehingga biaya operasional RS dapat dipenuhi dan tetap mampu berikan pelayanan yang bermutu. AbstractThe difference of cost negative in the case of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI), indicate health financing gap between of hospital rates and INA-CBG’s rates. This study aimed to see the difference between the cost recovery rate (CRR) of hospital rates and INA-CBG’s rates for CAD with PCI at A Hospital. The results showed that the cost of treatment based on clinical pathways at the severity level I had a higher CRR Hospital rates compared to INA-CBG’s CRR, whereas at the severity level II, Hospital CRR rate was lower than INA-CBG’s CRR for the utility of less than 2 stents. At severity level III, CRR INA-CBGs’ rates with utilization of 1 and 2 stents performed higher rates than the hospitals CRR. This was related to INA-CBG’s rate that did not take the magnitude of the stentulitizationinto account. It is necessary to improve INA-CBG’s tarif development method from hospital base rate to clinical pathway-based cost of treatment in order to meet hospital operational cost and ensure the best quality of service.
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH) akibat Kemoterapi pada Pasien Lansia dengan Keganasan
Authors: Herwanto Velma , Siregar Parlindungan , Effendy Shufrie , Rachman Andhika
Published: March 2018

Hiponatremia merupakan suatu kondisi yang sering ditemukan pada pasien-pasien dengan keganasan. Keadaanhiponatremia dapat terjadi bersamaan atau mendahului diagnosis suatu keganasan. Hiponatremia terkait kanker bisamempengaruhi respon terhadap terapi kanker maupun kesintasan pasien. Kami laporkan sebuah kasus hiponatremiapada pasien lansia dengan keganasan yang disebabkan oleh syndrome of inappropriate anti diuretic hormone secretion(SIADH).
A Case of Extranodal Metastasis of Primary Bone Lymphoma in the Lower Extremity
Authors: Hernandez Elizabeth , Rowan Raymond , Randall Martina
Published: March 2018

Primary bone lymphoma is a rare disease, accounting for less than 5% of all extranodal lymphoma. Although the femur is cited as being the most common site, primary bone lymphoma is rare, accounting for less than 1% of all non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Herein we present a case of diffuse B-cell–type malignant lymphoma manifested as a large soft-tissue mass of the leg, via metastasis of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the femur, which went untreated. We highlight the advantages of various imaging modalities used throughout the process of diagnosis and treatment because accurate and early diagnosis are essential. This case gives us a unique opportunity to witness the rapid progression of metastasis and an atypical location.
Effects of pH on the Antibiotic Resistance of Bacteria Recovered from Diabetic Foot Ulcer Fluid
Authors: McArdle Carla D. , Lagan Katie M. , McDowell David A.
Published: March 2018

Background:

This study investigated the resistance of bacteria isolated from diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) to antibiotics frequently used in the management of the diabetic foot infections, at a range of pH values (pH 6.5, 7.5, and 8.5) known to exist in DFU wound fluid. This study aimed to determine whether changes (or atypical stasis) in wound fluid pH modulate the antibiotic resistance of DFU isolates, with potential implications in relation to the suppression/eradication of bacterial infections in DFUs.

Methods:

Thirty bacterial isolates were recovered from DFU wound fluid, including Staphylococcus spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus spp, Pseudomonas spp, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The resistances of these isolates to a panel of antibiotics currently used in the treatment of infected or potentially infected DFUs, ie, ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, doxycycline, and piperacillin-tazobactam, at the previously mentioned pH values were determined by a modification of the Kirby-Bauer assay.

Results:

The resistance of DFU isolates to clinically relevant antibiotics was significantly affected by the pH levels in DFU wound fluid.

Conclusions:

These findings highlight the importance of a more comprehensive understanding of the conditions in DFUs to inform clinical decision making in the selection and application of antibiotics in treating these difficult-to-heal wounds. The scale of the differences in the efficacies of antibiotics at the different pH values examined is likely to be sufficient to suggest reconsideration of the antibiotics of choice in the treatment of DFU infection.