bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of nerve intervention combined with intravenous thrombolysis on the vascular recanalization rate in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Lei Yancheng , Hou Qian , Wang Jinpeng , Zhang Hao , Lin Cunshan , Zhang Pinyuan
Published: January 2024

Objective
To investigate the effect of nerve intervention combined with intravenous thrombolysis on the rate of vascular revascularization in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Methods
The clinical data of 118 patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and the enrolled patients were divided into a control group and an observation group. The control group received intravenous thrombolysis, and the observation group received neurological intervention based on intravenous thrombolysis. The clinical efficacy and vascular recanalization were compared between two groups after six months of treatment.
Results
After six months of treatment, the total effective rate (94.92%, 56/59) and complete recurrence rate (62.71%, 37/59) in the observation group were significantly higher than in the control group. Before treatment, there were no significant differences between the two groups' peak systolic flow velocity and neurological loss (P > 0.05). After six months of treatment, the vertebral artery systolic peak flow velocity, basilar artery systolic peak flow velocity, and the total incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The therapeutic effect of nerve intervention on patients with acute ischemic stroke is superior to that of intravenous thrombolysis alone and can effectively improve the rate of vascular revascularization, promote cerebral blood circulation, and reduce the adverse reactions induced by intravenous thrombolysis. It is safe and worthy of clinical application in the future.
Comparison of the incidence of intrathoracic stomach in Bochdalek's hernia detected by imaging with that detected by surgery
Authors: Pan Xiao-Zhu , Feng Chuan , Gao Si-Jie , Huang Xin-Yan , Song Yan
Published: January 2024

Objective:This study investigates the role of preoperative imaging in predicting cases of the intrathoracic stomach in patients with left sided Bochdalek hernia (BH) compared to their postoperative surgical diagnosis.
Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all left sided BH patients treated at the Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from Jan 2012 to Dec 2021. According to the time of clinical symptoms, all cases divided into neonatal BH and late onset BH.The number of intrathoracic stomach cases identified on imaging and during surgery were statistically analyzed separately, and the ratio of preoperative imaging to postoperative surgical diagnosis was compared.Meanwhile, the ratio was analyzed separately for neonatal BH and late-onset BH.
Results: A total of 108 patients were identified with left sided BH. The imaging analysis (39/108,36.1%) diagnosed a significantly lower proportion of patients with intrathoracic stomachs as compared to the surgical data (55/108,50.93%) (p = 0.027). The difference was even more apparent in the female patients (P=0.01).For both the neonatal and late onset left sided BH groups, a third of the patients were determined as intrathoracic stomachs by preoperative imaging.
Conclusion: The proportion of intrathoracic stomach (gastric positioning) in left sided BHpatients detected by preoperative imaging was low in comparison to the postoperative data.One third of late onset BHs are confirmed by preoperative imaging examination as intrathoracic stomach, and these patients are more likely to develop severe symptoms
Administration of Oxytocin Receptor Antagonist during Frozen Embryo Transfer: Potential Improvement in Live Birth Rates for Women with Recurrent Implantation Failure, Adenomyosis, and Myoma
Authors: Lin Po-Wen , Chern Chyi-Uei , Li Chia-Jung , Lin Pei-Hsuan , Chen Yu-Chen , Tsui Kuan-Hao , Lin Li-Te
Published: January 2024

Background
The primary objective of this investigation was to assess the potential improvement in pregnancy outcomes among infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, specifically during frozen embryo transfer (FET), following the administration of an oxytocin receptor antagonist. This study aimed to examine this impact across various subgroups, including individuals experiencing recurrent implantation failure (RIF), adenomyosis, and myoma.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study involved 431 patients who underwent their initial IVF-FET cycle at our reproductive center between January and December 2021. The study group (n = 162) received an oxytocin receptor antagonist during FET, while the control group (n = 227) underwent FET without this antagonist. A comparative analysis of baseline and cycle characteristics was conducted between the two groups, with additional subgroup analyses.
Results
There were no significant differences in baseline or cycle characteristics between the study and control groups. Overall, there was no significant difference in live birth rate between the two groups. However, in specific subgroups, the study group demonstrated significantly greater live birth rates than did the control group for patients with RIF (43.9% vs. 26.2%, P = 0.016), adenomyosis (37.7% vs. 22.1%, P = 0.039), or myoma (46.3% vs. 20.4%, P = 0.004). Multivariate analysis indicated a positive association between oxytocin receptor antagonist use and live birth rates in women with RIF (adjusted OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.08–4.35; P = 0.030), adenomyosis (adjusted OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.43–8.28; P = 0.006), and myoma (adjusted OR 3.11, 95% CI 1.23–7.85; P = 0.016).
Conclusions
While the administration of an oxytocin receptor antagonist during FET did not increase live birth rates in the overall population, it exhibited potential benefits in improving live birth rates in women with RIF, adenomyosis, or myoma.
Improving quality of breast conservative surgery for lower quadrants cancer in small and medium sized breasts: Crescent technique versus J mammoplasty.
Authors: FALCO GIUSEPPE , MORANDO LJUBA , BORGONOVO GIULIA , BEGNINI EVELINA , COIRO SAVERIO , FORONI MONICA , CENINI EUGENIO , CASTAGNETTI FABIO , MELE SIMONE , FERRARI GUGLIELMO
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE. For medium/small size breast, breast conserving surgery (BCS) is usually associated to poor cosmetic results. The objective of the study is to evaluate oncological safety and cosmetic results comparing the “Crescent” and the “J” mammoplasty technique and to develop an algorithm for the treatment of breast cancer located in LQ in medium/small breast.
METHODS. We retrospectively analysed all consecutive patients who underwent a “J” mammoplasty or a “Crescent” technique at our institution between 2016 and 2021. 58 patients were enrolled, the first group including 29 “Crescent” technique procedures and the second one including 29 patients who underwent the “J” mammoplasty technique. Oncological safety and surgical minor and major complications were evaluated. Aesthetic results were evaluated by two senior breast surgeons, independently, at least 6 months after radiotherapy (RT).
RESULTS. At follow-up of 36 months, no recurrences and no major complications were observed in both groups. Minor complications were observed in two (6.8%) “J” group cases and in six (20,6%) “Crescent” ones (p<0.05). The 96.6 % of “Crescent” and the 73.5 % of “J” cases were judged excellent/good. One (3.4%) “Crescent” was judged fair versus six (20.6%) “J”mammoplasy. Two (6.9%) “J” cases were judged poor, requiring ipsilateral re-operation.
CONCLUSIONS. When a favourable ratio between tumor size and breast volume is present, BCS can be performed for tumors located in the LQ. Evaluating patients’ anthropometric characteristics, skin involvement and tumor features is the key to select the right technique and to obtain both great cosmetic result and low rate of complications.
Feeding Drosophila gut microbiomes from young and old flies modifies the microbiome
Authors: Wesseltoft Jonas Bruhn , Danielsen Christian Dupont , Andersen Andreas Mølgaard , de Jonge Nadieh , Rohde Palle Duhn , Olsen Anders , Kristensen Torsten Nygaard
Published: January 2024

It is becoming increasingly evident that the myriad of microbes in the gut, within cells and attached to body parts (or roots of plants), play crucial roles for the host. Although this has been known for decades, recent developments in molecular biology allow for expanded insight into the abundance and function of these microbes. Here we used the vinegar fly, Drosophila melanogaster, to investigate fitness measures across the lifetime of flies fed a suspension of gut microbes harvested from young or old flies, respectively. Our hypothesis was that flies constitutively enriched with a ‘Young microbiome’ would live longer and be more agile at old age (i.e. have increased healthspan) compared to flies enriched with an ‘Old microbiome’. Three major take home messages came out of our study: 1) the gut microbiomes of young and old flies differ markedly; 2) feeding flies with Young and Old microbiomes modulated the microbiome of recipient flies and 3) the two different microbial diets did not have any effect on locomotor activity nor lifespan of the recipient files, contradicting our working hypothesis. Combined, these results provide novel insight into the complex interplay between hosts and their microbiomes and clearly highlight that the phenotypic effects of gut transplants and probiotics are complex and unpredictable.
Hypothesis tests on high dimensional datastreams, with finance application
Authors: Roberts Michael , Cao Jessica , Awasthi Shantanu
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we present the testing of many hypotheses on multiple streams of observations that are driven by Lévy processes. This is applicable for sequential decisionmaking on the state of multi-sensor systems. In one case, each sensor receives or does not receive a signal obstructed by noise. In another, each sensor receives data driven by Lévy processes with large or small jumps. In either case, these give rise to 2n possibilities. Infinitesimal generators are presented and analyzed. Bounds for infinitesimal generators in terms of super-solutions and sub-solutions are computed. An application of this procedure for the stochastic model is also presented in relation to the financial market.
Lactobacillus_reuteri improves intestinal damage caused by selenium deficiency in mice by altering intestinal flora
Authors: Wang Fuhan , Li Kan , Hu Xiaoyu , Zhang Naisheng , Guo Meng-yao
Published: January 2024

Background
Selenium is an indispensable micronutrient in the physiological activities of humans and animals. Due to the different distribution of selenium worldwide, people and animals in some areas have been in a state of selenium deficiency for a long time. Studies have found that chronic selenium deficiency can cause intestinal damage, closely related to changes in intestinal microbes. However, its regulation mechanism by intestinal microbes has yet to be explored.
Results
In this study, we found that chronic selenium deficiency can cause changes in the microecology of intestinal flora and intestinal damage in mice. After supplementation of probiotic Lactobacillus_reuteri, the intestinal flora structure of selenium-deficient mice was adjusted. The intestinal damage was improved. Histological analysis showed that the LSeJ group's intestinal structure was changed after ingestion of Lactobacillus_reuteri. Although the intestinal villi in LSeJ group were shorter or even broken, the intestinal crypts in LSeJ group were more numerous, the muscular layer was thicker, and the intestinal villi arrangement was denser than that in LSeN group. We examined mRNA and protein expression levels of small intestine genes related to inflammation, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, tight junction, and smooth muscle contraction. The results showed that after treatment with Lactobacillus_reuteri, the expression level of inflammatory factors in selenium-deficient mice decreased. The degree of autophagy was reduced, endoplasmic reticulum stress was reduced, apoptosis level was decreased, tight junctions were restored, and smooth muscle contraction was improved. It suggests that changes in the relative abundance of intestinal flora across species are associated with inflammation of intestinal tissue cells, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, tight junctions, and abnormal smooth muscle contraction.
Conclusions
Lactobacillus_reuteri can improve intestinal tissue inflammation, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, tight junction, and abnormal smooth muscle contraction caused by selenium deficiency. Intestinal flora plays an important role in the mechanism of chronic intestinal injury caused by selenium deficiency. It suggests potential intervention strategies based on intestinal injury caused by selenium deficiency.
An additively manufactured flexible millimeter-wave Doppler radar: Towards fully printed high-frequency multilayer flexible hybrid electronics
Authors: Tang Hong , Zhang Yingjie , Li Shiqi , Zheng Bowen , An Sensong , Haerinia Mohammad , Dong Yunxi , Huang Yi , Zhao Huan , Guo Wei , Zhang Hualiang
Published: January 2024

Flexible hybrid electronics (FHE) is an emerging technology enabled through the integration of semiconductor devices and 3D printing technology. It unlocks tremendous market potential by realizing low-cost flexible circuits and systems that can be conformally integrated into various applications. However, the operating frequencies of most reported FHE systems are relatively low. It is also worth noting that reported FHE systems have been limited to simple design concepts since complex systems will impose challenges in aspects such as multilayer interconnections, printing materials, and notably, bonding layers. Here, we report an additively manufactured flexible four-layer millimeter-wave Doppler radar (i.e., a millimeter-wave FHE system). The sensing performance and flexibility of the printed radar are characterized and validated by general laboratory tests, field tests, and on-object tests. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of developing additively manufactured high-frequency multilayer FHE, which can be conformally and seamlessly integrated into irregular surfaces for applications such as vehicle radars.
Application of optical image processing technology based on priority scheduling algorithm in mobile terminal sports training assistance system
Authors: Jinglong Ding
Published: January 2024

Due to the difficulty of basic volleyball techniques, many students find it difficult to master correct motor skills in a short period of time. By utilizing virtual coaches provided by artificial intelligence technology, students can receive more comprehensive and systematic volleyball technical training. This article introduces a volleyball decision-making assistance system based on artificial intelligence and system task scheduling algorithms. The system uses computer vision and machine learning technologies such as image recognition, object tracking, Motion planning, etc., to realize real-time tracking and analysis of players and balls in volleyball matches, and assist players in making tactics and decisions. The system first collects images on the field through a camera, and achieves real-time tracking of athletes and balls through image processing technology. Then, machine learning algorithms are used to predict and analyze the trajectory of athletes and balls, as well as to judge and predict the situation on the field. Finally, through task scheduling algorithms, the optimal tactics and decisions are formulated to provide real-time sports decision-making and assistance for athletes. The experimental results indicate that the system can effectively assist athletes in decision-making and tactical formulation in volleyball matches, improving the winning rate and competitiveness of the competition.
Caecal metabolomics of two divergently selected rabbit lines revealed microbial biological mechanisms involved in intramuscular fat deposition
Authors: Zubiri-Gaitán Agostina , Martínez-Álvaro Marina , Blasco Agustín , Hernández Pilar
Published: January 2024

Intramuscular fat content (IMF) is a key meat quality trait determined by a complex host-microbiota co-metabolism. In this study, two rabbit lines divergently selected for IMF (high-IMF (H) and low-IMF (L) lines) were used to perform a metabolomic analysis of their caecal content, with the aim to unveil the genetically-determined microbial metabolism related to IMF. A large, correlated response to selection was found in their caecal metabolome composition. The discriminant multivariate analysis performed showed 99% classification accuracy, while linear multivariate analyses performed within each line showed prediction abilities of approximately 60%. The most relevant pathways differentiating the lines were those related to amino acids (aromatic, branched-chain and gamma-glutamyl), secondary bile acids, and purines. The greater content of secondary bile acids in the L-line was related to greater lipids absorption, while the differences found in purines suggested different fermentation activities, which could be related to greater nitrogen utilization and energy efficiencies in the L-line. The linear analyses showed that lipids metabolism had greater relative importance in IMF deposition in the L-line, while a more complex microbial metabolism was involved in the H-line. The lysophospholipids and gamma-glutamyl amino acids were associated with IMF in both lines; the nucleotide and secondary bile acid metabolisms were mostly associated in the H-line; and the long-chain and branched-chain fatty acids mostly in the L-line. A metabolic signature composed of two secondary bile acids and two proteins metabolites was found with 88% classification accuracy, pointing to the interaction between lipids absorption and proteins metabolism as a relevant driver of the microbiome activity influencing IMF.
Dynamical Immunization of Data Network Controllability Processes Against Centrality Attacks on Temporal Networks
Authors: Arebi Peyman
Published: January 2024

The main goal of controllability network methods on temporal networks is to control all nodes with the minimum number of control nodes. Real-world temporal networks are faced with many errors and attacks that cause the network structure to be changed in some way so that the controllability processes are disturbed and the network is out of fully controllability mode. One of the most important attacks on temporal networks is centrality attacks. In this paper, the types of centrality attacks and their destructive effects on the controllability of temporal networks have been investigated. To deal with centrality attacks, strategies have been proposed on dynamic graph by adding new control nodes or adding new links to the network so that the network is protected against centrality attacks. The results of simulation and comparing them with conventional methods demonstrate that the proposed node addition strategy has performed better than other methods and the improvement rate in terms of execution time is 60%. On the other hand, the proposed immunization strategy by adding links has kept the network controllable with a smaller number of links (38%) and less execution time (52%) compared to other methods.
Work-related fear-avoidance beliefs and risk of low-back pain: Prospective cohort study among healthcare workers
Authors: Jakobsen Markus Due , Vinstrup Jonas , Andersen Lars Louis
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE
Low-back pain (LBP) is a prevalent condition among healthcare workers, negatively affecting well-being and work ability. Research has identified fear-avoidance beliefs, i.e. the belief that physical activities worsen or prolong pain, as a key psychological factor in LBP. Given the physical demands of healthcare work, understanding the link between fear-avoidance and LBP is crucial for effective prevention and management strategies. This study investigated the prospective association between fear-avoidance beliefs and risk of increased LBP intensity and duration in hospital workers.
METHODS
Fear-avoidance beliefs and LBP were assessed in 1,933 healthcare workers from 389 departments at 19 hospitals at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Associations between baseline work-related fear-avoidance beliefs (FABW) and LBP intensity and duration at follow-up were analyzed using cumulative logistic regression, adjusting for various factors including age, sex, baseline LBP, education, seniority, patient transfers, psychosocial work environment, and lifestyle.
RESULTS
Moderate and high FABW was associated with higher odds of increased pain intensity (OR: 1.37 [95% CI: 1.09–1.73] and 1.85 [95% CI: 1.18–2.88], respectively) and prolonged pain duration (OR: 1.37 [95% CI: 1.05–1.78] and 2.27 [95% CI: 1.50–3.44], respectively). A sensitivity analysis including only female nurses showed similar results, with the high FABW group having significantly higher odds of increased pain intensity (OR 2.95, 95% CI: 1.84–4.72) and duration (OR 2.64, 95% CI: 1.55–4.49).
CONCLUSIONS
Fear-avoidance beliefs increase the risk of LBP intensity and duration among healthcare workers, emphasizing the need for interventions dealing with psychological aspects of LBP.
Development and validation of a realistic type III esophageal atresia simulator for the training of pediatric surgeons
Authors: Montero Javier Arredondo , Pérez-Riveros Blanca Paola , Asfura Oscar Emilio Bueso , Martín-Calvo Nerea , Pueyo Francisco Javier , Castaño Nicolás López de Aguileta
Published: January 2024

Background: The technical complexity and limited casuistry of neonatal surgical pathology limit the possibilities of developing the necessary technical competencies by specialists in training. Esophageal atresia constitutes the paradigm of this problem. The use of 3D models for training is a promising line of research, although the literature is limited.
Methods: We conceptualized, designed, and produced an anatomically realistic model for the open correction of type III oesophageal atresia. We validated it with two groups of participants (experts and non-experts) through face, construct, and content validity questionnaires.
Results: The model was validated by 9 experts and 9 non-experts. The mean procedure time for the experts and non-experts groups was 34.0 and 38.4 minutes respectively. Two non-experts did not complete the procedure at the designed time (45 minutes). Regarding the face validity questionnaire, the mean rating of the model was 3.2 out of 4. Regarding the construct validity, we found statistically significant differences between groups for the equidistance between sutures, 100% correct in the expert group vs. 42.9% correct in the non-expert group (p=0.02), and for the item “Confirms that tracheoesophageal fistula closure is watertight before continuing the procedure”, correctly assessed by 66.7% of the experts vs. by 11.1% of non-experts (p=0.05). Concerning content validity, the mean score was 3.3 out of 4 for the experts and 3.3 out of 4 for the non-experts (p=0.32).
Conclusions: The present model is a cost-effective, simple to produce, and validated option for the training of open correction of type III oesophageal atresia. Future studies with larger sample sizes and blinded validators are needed before drawing definitive conclusions.
The METTL3/TRAP1 Axis as a Key Regulator of 5-Fluorouracil Chemosensitivity in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kang Qingjie , Hu Xiaoyu , Chen Zhenzhou , Liang Xiaolong , Xiang Song , Wang Ziwei
Published: January 2024

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) stands as the frontline chemotherapeutic for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the enduring challenge of chemoresistance to 5-FU persists in clinical practice, and the precise regulatory mechanisms governing 5-FU response and resistance in CRC remain elusive. This study aims to investigate the role and mechanisms of METTL3 in regulating 5-FU chemosensitivity in CRC cells. Practically, 5-FU treatment not only hindered cell viability and induced apoptosis but also led to a reduction in METTL3 expression in HCT-116 and HCT-8 cells. Through a range of assays including drug sensitivity, EdU, colony formation, TUNEL staining, and flow cytometry, we unveiled that METTL3 depletion heightened 5-FU sensitivity and augmented apoptosis induction in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, METTL3 overexpression conferred HCT-116 and HCT-8 cells with resistance to 5-FU. Mechanistically, METTL3 regulates 5-FU sensitivity and apoptosis induction by modulating TRAP1 expression. Further, m6A colorimetric ELISA and MeRIP-qPCR assays demonstrated that METTL3 regulated TRAP1 expression in an m6A-dependent manner. Furthermore, the overexpression of TRAP1 mitigated the cytotoxic effects of 5-FU on HCT-116 and HCT-8 cells. In conclusion, this study uncovers the pivotal role of the METTL3/TRAP1 axis in modulating 5-FU chemosensitivity in CRC.
Stoichiometry Effects on Paralinear Oxidation
Authors: smialek james
Published: January 2024

Paralinear oxidation models provide a description of parabolic scale growth combined with linear loss, as might occur for scales forming volatile oxide, hydroxide, chloride, or fluoride scales. Classic weight change exhibits an initial parabolic oxygen gain, a maximum (ΔWmax at tmax), then a linear loss. The magnitude of these features is determined by the parabolic growth rate, kp, the linear volatility rate, kv, and the stoichiometric constant of the reaction, S (fixed by the atomic weights and stoichiometry of the reaction). Model curves were generated (at constant kp and kv) to show that, for typical oxides, increases in S only moderately decrease ΔWmax and tmax, but directly increase the rate of mass loss. Furthermore, it is shown that, on average, kp ≈ 4.06 (ΔWmax)2/tmax and kv ≈ 1.15 (ΔWmax)/tmax. These relations apply for a broad spectrum of scale molecular weights, ranging from low mass SiO2 to high mass Ta2O5 oxides. Oxidation of carbides and nitrides may release C and N elements and thus increase the effective Seff, with concomitant effects on the paralinear curves. The above analysis was facilitated by COSP for Windows software.
ProRLearn: Boosting Prompt Tuning-based Vulnerability Detection by Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Ren Zilong , Ju Xiaolin , Chen Xiang , Shen Hao
Published: January 2024

Software vulnerability detection is a critical step in ensuring system security and data protection. Recent research has demonstrated the effectiveness of deep learning in automated vulnerability detection. However, it is difficult for deep learning models to understand the semantics and domain-specific knowledge of source code. In this study, we introduce a new vulnerability detection framework ProRLearn, which leverages two main techniques (i.e., prompt tuning and reinforcement learning). Since existing fine-tuning of pre-trained language models (PLMs) struggles to leverage domain knowledge fully, we introduce a new automatic prompt-tuning technique. Precisely, prompt tuning mimics the pre-training process of PLMs by rephrasing task input and adding prompts, using the PLM’s output as the prediction output. The introduction of the reinforcement learning reward mechanism aims to guide the behavior of vulnerability detection through a reward and pun- ishment model, enabling it to learn effective strategies for obtaining maximum long-term rewards in specific environments. The introduction of reinforcement learning aims to encourage the model to learn how to maximize rewards or minimize penalties, thus enhancing performance. Experiments on two datasets (FFMPeg+Qemu and Reveal) indicate that ProRLearn achieves an F1 score improvement of 3.58%- 28.6% over state-of-the-art baselines. The combination of prompt tuning and reinforcement learning can offer a potential opportunity to improve performance in vulnerability detection. This means that it can effectively improve the performance level of the system in responding to constantly changing network environments and new threats. This interdisciplinary approach contributes to a better understanding of the interplay between natural language processing and reinforcement learning, opening up new opportunities and challenges for future research and applications.
Association of systemic immune-inflammation index with the risk of incident pre-frailty or frailty: the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey
Authors: Li Xiaoli , Gao Weiyang , Xu Hong , Xu Juan
Published: January 2024

Background: Inflammation is a significant factor in the pathogenesis of frailty. While previous research has indicated that the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) serves as a reliable marker for inflammation, the relationship between SII and newly developed frailty remains understudied. This study aims to explore the relationship between SII and incident pre-frailty and frailty among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Data were drawn from participants in the 2008 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). A 38-item frailty index (FI) was employed to assess frailty status and to classify participants into one of three categories: “robust” (FI ≤ 0.1), “pre-frail” (0.1 < FI ≤ 0.21), or “frail” (FI > 0.21). The SII was determined using the formula: SII = (white blood cell – lymphocyte) × (platelet count) / lymphocyte. A Cox regression model was utilized to evaluate the relationship between SII and the onset of pre-frailty and frailty. Results: The analysis included 676 participants classified as robust, with a median age of 80.0 years (interquartile range, 67.0, 91.0). Over a 3-year follow-up period, 159 participants progressed to a state of pre-frailty or frailty. The incidence of pre-frailty or frailty was 17.8%, 25.3%, and 27.6% across SII tertile groups, respectively (p < 0.05). Among participants initially categorized as robust in 2008, those in the highest SII tertile had a greater risk of developing pre-frailty or frailty compared to those in the lowest tertile (HR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.12–3.70). Sensitivity analysis using the Fine-Gray model, accounting for death as a competing risk, also indicated an elevated risk for those in the highest SII tertile (HR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.18–1.98). Conclusion: Among community-dwelling older adults, higher SII levels were associated with an increased risk of incident pre-frailty or frailty.
Extracellular Proximity Labeling Reveals an Expanded Interactome for the Matrisome Protein TIMP2
Authors: Peeney David , Gurung Sadeechya , Rich Josh , Coates-Park Sasha , Liu Yueqin , Toor Jack , Jones Jane , Richie Christoper , Jenkins Lisa , Stetler-Stevenson William
Published: January 2024

Classical methods of investigating protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are generally performed in non-living systems, yet in recent years new technologies utilizing proximity labeling (PL) have given researchers the tools to explore proximal PPIs in living systems. PL has distinct advantages over traditional protein interactome studies, such as the ability to identify weak and transient interactions in vitro and in vivo. Most PL studies are performed on targets within the cell or on the cell membrane. We have adapted the original PL method to investigate PPIs within the extracellular compartment, using both BioID2 and TurboID, that we term extracellular PL (ePL). To demonstrate the utility of this modified technique, we investigate the interactome of the widely expressed matrisome protein tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP2). Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are a family of multi-functional proteins that were initially defined by their ability to inhibit the enzymatic activity of metalloproteinases (MPs), the major mediators of extracellular matrix (ECM) breakdown and turnover. TIMP2 exhibits a broad expression profile and is often abundant in both normal and diseased tissues. Understanding the functional transformation of matrisome regulators, like TIMP2, during the evolution of tissue microenvironments associated with disease progression is essential for the development of ECM-targeted therapeutics. Using carboxyl- and amino-terminal fusion proteins of TIMP2 with BioID2 and TurboID, we describe the TIMP2 proximal interactome. We also illustrate how the TIMP2 interactome changes in the presence of different stimuli, in different cell types, in unique culture conditions (2D vs 3D), and with different reaction kinetics (BioID2 vs. TurboID); demonstrating the power of this technique versus classical PPI methods. We propose that the screening of matrisome targets in disease models using ePL will reveal new therapeutic targets for further comprehensive studies.
Pädagogisches Making an einer Gesamtschule in sozialräumlich deprivierter Lage
Authors: Blindenhöfer Max
Published: January 2024

Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird der These nachgegangen, dass die Definition und die praktische Umsetzung von Maker Education im schulischen Kontext durch die Schulkultur der Einzelschule wesentlich mitgeprägt wird und dies zu unterschiedlichen Ausprägungen von Making führt. Dazu wurden nicht-standardisierte Interviews mit jeweils einem Lehrer und einer Person aus der Schulleitung einer Gesamtschule in einer sozialräumlich deprivierten Lage geführt. Die Daten wurden mit der rekonstruktiv-interpretativen Grounded Theory Methodology analysiert. Dabei wurde die Schulkulturtheorie zur theoretischen Sensibilisierung genutzt. In der Fallrekonstruktion zeigt sich, dass bestimmte Aspekte der imaginären Anspruchskultur der Maker Education wie individualisiertes und selbstbestimmtes Lernen nur unzureichend auf wesentliche Strukturprobleme der Schule bezogen werden können. Seitens des Lehrers führt dies zu einer ambivalenten Positionierung gegenüber dem Postulat des selbstbestimmten Lernens. Zudem ist in diesem Fall eine Stigmatisierung der Schule und des Stadtteils als mögliches Hindernis für gelingendes Lernen zu berücksichtigen. Das integrativ ausgerichtete pädagogische Leitbild des Praktischen Lernens nimmt Bezug auf dieses Anerkennungsdefizit sowie Disziplinierungsprobleme. Eine Anschlussfähigkeit des imaginären Entwurfs der Maker Education an das dominante schulkulturelle Deutungsmuster (den «Schulmythos») des Praktischen Lernens konnte festgestellt werden.
Fluoranthene degradation in a persulfate system activated by sulfidated nano zero-valent iron (S-nZVI): performance and mechanisms
Authors: Zhang Ruzhuang , Zhu Yi , Dong Jiaqi , Yao Zhennan , Zeng Guilu , Sheng Xianxian , Xu Ziqian , Lyu Shuguang
Published: January 2024

Fluoranthene (FLT) has received mounting focus due to its hazardous properties and frequent occurrence in groundwater. In this study, sulfidated nano zero-valent iron (S-nZVI) was selected as an efficient catalyst for activating persulfate (PS) to degrade FLT. The effects of reagent doses, various water conditions (pH, anions, and humic acid), and the presence of surfactants on FLT degradation were investigated. Radical probe experiments, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrum detection, and scavenging tests were performed to identify the major reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the system. The results showed that in the PS/S-nZVI system, 96.2% of FLT was removed within 120 min at the optimal dose of PS = 0.07 mM and S-nZVI = 0.0072 g L−1. S(-II) in the S-nZVI surface layer promoted Fe(II) regeneration. Furthermore, HO• and SO4−• were identified as the main contributors to FLT degradation. The intermediates of FLT degradation were detected by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and a possible FLT degradation pathway was proposed. Finally, the effective degradation of two other common polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (naphthalene and phenanthrene) demonstrated the broad-spectrum reactivity of the PS/S-nZVI process. In conclusion, these findings strongly demonstrate that the PS/S-nZVI process is a promising alternative for the remediation of PAH-contaminated groundwater.
Assessing degree of exposure to vibroacoustic occupational factors for mining industry workers in Arctic zone
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk Regional Office of the Federal Service for Surveillance over Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 21 Karatanova St., Krasnoyarsk, 660097, Russian Federation, Fadeev A.G. , Goryaev D.V. ,   Krasnoyarsk Regional Office of the Federal Service for Surveillance over Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 21 Karatanova St., Krasnoyarsk, 660097, Russian Federation, Shur P.Z. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya St., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation, Fokin V.A. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya St., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation
Published: January 2024

Assessment of occupational health risks for workers with basic mining occupations including those exposed to elevated levels of vibroacoustic factors remains a topical issue. Given that, the aim of this study was to assess degree of exposure to occupational vibroacoustic factors and its effects on mining industry workers in the Arctic zone using occupational risk as a basic criterion. Prior risk assessment relied on results of hygienic assessment of vibroacoustic factors according to data derived by the Special Assessment of Working Conditions (SAWC) and verified by instrumental research. Posterior risk quantification was performed using data on occupational incidence among workers over the last 10 years considering their numbers. Unacceptable prior occupational risks caused by exposure to noise were detected for all analyzed occupations. According to instrumental research, risks levels higher than those identified by SAWC were detected for open face miners and cargo handling machine operators. According to SAWC data, unacceptable prior occupational risks caused by exposure to vibration were identified only for cargo handling machine operators; additional instrumental research identified such levels of occupational risks for them as well but also for blast hole drillers. Occupational risk quantification established that unacceptable (above 1•10-3) levels of occupational risk caused by vibration disease (VD) and sensorineural hearing loss (SHL) were detected in all analyzed occupational groups. The highest risk levels caused by exposure to vibration were identified for such an occupational group as ‘cargo handling machine operators’ and ranked as ‘average’ (1.37•10-2). The highest risk levels caused by exposure to noise were identified for timbermen and were also ranked as ‘average’ (1.32•10-2). Results obtained by quantification of occupational health risks for mining industry workers in the Arctic zone refine results of prior assessment can be applied in planning activities aimed at mitigating health risks for workers caused by exposure to vibroacoustic factors.
Determinación de la fecundidad de Concholepas concholepas (BRUGUIERE, 1789) (GASTROPODA, MURICIDAE) en condiciones de laboratorio.
Authors: Durán René , Castilla Juan C.
Published: January 2024

En este trabajo se determina la fertilidad, períodos de ovispostura y fecundidad del "loco", Concholepas concholepas. en laboratorio, en la zona de Las Cruces, Chile Central. Con este fin, se mantuvieron ejemplares de entre 1.4 a 11,6 cm de longitud máxima de peristoma en acuarios plásticos con agua circulante entre noviembre de 1984 y abril de 1988. La hembra fértil de menor tamaño fue de 4,94 cm. Hembras entre 8 y 10 cm de longitud máxima son 100% fértiles. La fertilidad disminuye hacia los extremos. Las oviposturas se concentran en los meses de marzo-abril y agosto-septiembre, aun cuando es posible encontrar oviposturas a lo largo de todo el año. La fecundidad, definida como el número de larvas producidas por hembra en un año, aumenta hasta la marca de clase 10 cm (7,19 millones de larvas/año) disminuyendo en las hembras de tallas mayores (3,32 millones de larvas/año en las hembras de 11 cm). El decremento de la fecundidad y fertilidad en las hembras mayores de 10 cm, sugiere que la talla mínima de extracción de 10 cm es adecuada. Por otra parte, la concentración de las oviposturas en ciertos períodos del año, permitirían el establecimiento de vedas reproductivas. En el trabajo sugerimos que la existencia de zonas costeras protegidas (lampones) a lo largo de Chile, con altas densidades de locos, actúan como fuentes de larvas ayudando en la mantención de los stocks pesqueros en zonas aledañas de mayor explotación.
Assessment of the present capacity for Management of the Loco Concholepas concholepas (BRUGUIERE, 1789) (GASTROPODA, MURICIDAE) in Chile.
Authors: Geaghan James P. , Castilla Juan C.
Published: January 2024

In recent years the fishery for loco (Concholepas concholepas) has undergone a number of changes in management strategy. The first was a change in the mínimum size limit from 95 mm in the north of Chile and 105 min in the south to a uniform 100 mm in 1981. An annual 3 month closed season was initiated in 1982, and. starting in September of 1985. There was a closure of nearly two years in all regions except the southernmost three. This two-year closure has been followed by two short open seasons, one of 45 days in 1987. and one with a national 5,000 ton quota in 1988. The response by fishermen to increasingly restrictive regtdation has been some clandestine fishing and the stockpiling of locos prior to the open season. These actions have resulted in i he partial loss of landings data and a nearly total loss of meaningful effort data. This loss of data will have serious impact on the ability of fishery managers to effectively evaluate the State of the fishery and determine future regulatory actions. There is considerable published background information on the basic biology of the species. and some Information on aspects of the population dynamics such as growth and mortality. There are. however, large discrepancies between authors which mav be due lo sub-populalion or regional differences.
Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation Explore the
Pharmacological Mechanisms of Herb Pair for Treating Rheumatoid
Arthritis
Authors: Xu Xi-Xi , Shao Hua , Wang Qiao-Xue , Wang Zi-Yuan
Published: January 2024

Objective:

This study aimed to elucidate the multitarget mechanism of the Mori Ramulus
- Taxilli Herba (MT) herb pair in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods:

The targets of the herb pair and RA were predicted from databases and screened
through cross-analysis. The core targets were obtained using protein-protein interaction (PPI)
network analysis. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)
pathway enrichment analysis were performed. Finally, animal experiments were conducted to
validate the anti-RA effect and mechanism of this herb pair.

Results:

This approach successfully identified 9 active compounds of MT that interacted with 6
core targets (AKT1, TNF, IL6, TP53, VEGFA, and IL1β). Pathway and functional enrichment
analyses revealed that MT had significant effects on the TNF and IL-17 signaling pathways. The
consistency of interactions between active components and targets in these pathways was confirmed
through molecular docking. Moreover, the potential therapeutic effect of MT was verified
in vivo, demonstrating its ability to effectively relieve inflammation by regulating these targeted
genes and pathways.

Conclusion:

The present work suggests that the therapeutic effect of MT herb pair on RA may be
attributed to its ability to regulate the TNF signaling pathway and IL-17 signaling pathway.
Disulfidptosis-related Protein RPN1 may be a Novel Anti-osteoporosis
Target of Kaempferol
Authors: Pan Chengzhen , Zhang Chi , Lin Zonghan , Liang Zhou , Cui Yinhang , Shang Zhihao , Wei Yuanxun , Chen Feng
Published: January 2024

Background:

Osteoporosis (OP) is an age-related skeletal disease. Kaempferol can
regulate bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) osteogenesis to improve OP, but its mechanism
related to disulfidptosis, a newly discovered cell death mechanism, remains unclear.

Objective:

The study aimed to investigate the biological function and immune mechanism of disulfidptosis-
related ribophorin I (RPN1) in OP and to experimentally confirm that RPN1 is the
target for the treatment of OP with kaempferol.

Methods:

Differential expression analysis was conducted on disulfide-related genes extracted
from the GSE56815 and GSE7158 datasets. Four machine learning algorithms identified disease
signature genes, with RPN1 identified as a significant risk factor for OP through the nomogram.
Validation of RPN1 differential expression in OP patients was performed using the GSE56116
dataset. The impact of RPN1 on immune alterations and biological processes was explored. Predictive
ceRNA regulatory networks associated with RPN1 were generated via miRanda, miRDB,
and TargetScan databases. Molecular docking estimated the binding model between kaempferol
and RPN1. The targeting mechanism of kaempferol on RPN1 was confirmed through pathological
HE staining and immunohistochemistry in ovariectomized (OVX) rats.

Results:

RPN1 was abnormally overexpressed in the OP cohort, associated with TNF signaling,
hematopoietic cell lineage, and NF-kappa B pathway. Immune infiltration analysis showed a
positive correlation between RPN1 expression and CD8+ T cells and resting NK cells, while a
negative correlation with CD4+ naive T cells, macrophage M1, T cell gamma delta, T cell follicular
helper cells, activated mast cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells, was found. Four miRNAs
and 17 lncRNAs associated with RPN1 were identified. Kaempferol exhibited high binding affinity
(-7.2 kcal/mol) and good stability towards the RPN1. The experimental results verified that
kaempferol could improve bone microstructure destruction and reverse the abnormally high expression
of RPN1 in the femur of ovariectomized rats.

Conclusion:

RPN1 may be a new diagnostic biomarker in patients with OP, and may serve as a
new target for kaempferol to improve OP.