bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A prophylactic subcutaneous dose of the anticoagulant tinzaparin does not influence qPCR-based assessment of circulating levels of miRNA in humans
Authors: Nilsson Abraham , Nerhall Anna Maria , Vechetti Ivan , Fornander Lotta , Wiklund Simon , Alkner Björn , Schilcher Jörg , von Walden Ferdinand
Published: November 2022

Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have become increasingly popular biomarker candidates in various diseases. However, heparin-based anticoagulants might affect the detection of target miRNAs in blood samples during quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based analysis of miRNAs involving RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis and the polymerase catalyzed reaction. Because low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) are widely used in routine healthcare, we aimed to investigate whether a prophylactic dose of the LMWH tinzaparin influences qPCR-based quantification of circulating miRNAs. A total of 30 subjects were included: 16 fracture patients with tinzaparin treatment and 14 non-fracture controls without anticoagulation therapy. To control for the effect of tinzaparin on miRNA analysis an identical concentration of synthetic miRNAs was added to plasma, isolated RNA and prepared complementary DNA (cDNA) from all samples in both groups. No significant difference was observed for cDNA synthesis or qPCR when comparing tinzaparin-treated patients with untreated controls. Among the tinzaparin-treated patients, plasma levels of six endogenous miRNAs (hsa-let-7i-5p, hsa-miR-30e-5p, hsa-miR-222-3p, hsa-miR-1-3p, hsa-miR-133a-3p, hsa-miR-133b) were measured before and one to six hours after a subcutaneous injection of tinzaparin 4500IU. No significant effect was observed for any of the investigated miRNAs. A prophylactic dose of 4500IU tinzaparin does not seem to affect cDNA synthesis or qRT-PCR-based quantification of circulating miRNAs.
Data-driven models for atmospheric air temperature forecasting at a continental climate region
Authors: Alomar Mohamed Khalid , Khaleel Faidhalrahman , Aljumaily Mustafa M. , Masood Adil , Razali Siti Fatin Mohd , AlSaadi Mohammed Abdulhakim , Al-Ansari Nadhir , Hameed Mohammed Majeed
Published: November 2022

Atmospheric air temperature is the most crucial metrological parameter. Despite its influence on multiple fields such as hydrology, the environment, irrigation, and agriculture, this parameter describes climate change and global warming quite well. Thus, accurate and timely air temperature forecasting is essential because it provides more important information that can be relied on for future planning. In this study, four Data-Driven Approaches, Support Vector Regression (SVR), Regression Tree (RT), Quantile Regression Tree (QRT), ARIMA, Random Forest (RF), and Gradient Boosting Regression (GBR), have been applied to forecast short-, and mid-term air temperature (daily, and weekly) over North America under continental climatic conditions. The time-series data is relatively long (2000 to 2021), 70% of the data are used for model calibration (2000 to 2015), and the rest are used for validation. The autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation functions have been used to select the best input combination for the forecasting models. The quality of predicting models is evaluated using several statistical measures and graphical comparisons. For daily scale, the SVR has generated more accurate estimates than other models, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE = 3.592°C), Correlation Coefficient (R = 0.964), Mean Absolute Error (MAE = 2.745°C), and Thiels’ U-statistics (U = 0.127). Besides, the study found that both RT and SVR performed very well in predicting weekly temperature. This study discovered that the duration of the employed data and its dispersion and volatility from month to month substantially influence the predictive models’ efficacy. Furthermore, the second scenario is conducted using the randomization method to divide the data into training and testing phases. The study found the performance of the models in the second scenario to be much better than the first one, indicating that climate change affects the temperature pattern of the studied station. The findings offered technical support for generating high-resolution daily and weekly temperature forecasts using Data-Driven Methodologies.
Flexico: An efficient dual-mode consensus protocol for blockchain networks
Authors: Ren Shuyang , Lee Choonhwa , Kim Eunsam , Helal Sumi
Published: November 2022

Blockchain is a Byzantine fault tolerant (BFT) system wherein decentralized nodes execute consensus protocols to drive the agreement process on new blocks added to a distributed ledger. Generally, two-round communications among 3 f + 1 nodes are required to tolerate up to f faults in BFT-based consensus networks. This communication pattern corresponds to the worse-case scenario of consensus achievement, even under asynchronous network conditions. Nevertheless, it is not uncommon for a network to operate under better conditions, where a consensus can be reached with a lower communication cost. Hence, with the addition of a faster optimistic path toward an agreement, the idea of dual-mode consensus has been proposed as a promising approach to enhance the performance of asynchronous BFT protocols. However, this opportunity is not completely exploited by existing dual-mode protocols as the fast path can be followed only in a nonfaulty and synchronous network. This article presents a novel dual-mode protocol consisting of fast and backup subprotocols. To create different consensus committees for fast and backup-mode operations, the network contains both active and passive nodes. A consensus can be expedited through a fast-mode operation when majority of the active nodes can communicate synchronously. Under non-ideal conditions, the backup protocol takes over the agreement process from its fast-mode counterpart without starting over the suspended round. The safety and liveness of the proposed protocol are guaranteed with lower communication costs, which balance the trade-off between protocol efficiency and availability.
Unexplained mechanism of subdural hematoma with convulsion suggests nonaccidental head trauma: A multicenter, retrospective study by the Japanese Head injury of Infants and Toddlers study (J-HITs) group
Authors: Narisawa Ayumi , Nonaka Masahiro , Akutsu Nobuyuki , Kato Mihoko , Harada Atsuko , Park Young-Soo
Published: November 2022

Objective

The medical history of injury given by parents of infants and toddlers with head trauma may not be accurate or completely true. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between subdural hematoma (SDH) due to nonaccidental injury and mechanisms of injury provided by caregivers.

Methods

Our multicenter study group retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of children younger than 4 years with head trauma who have been diagnosed with any finding on head computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A total of 84 cases of subdural hematomas with retinal findings, including cases reported to the child guidance center and traffic and birth injuries, were included in the study. They were classified by the mechanism of injury provided by the caregivers. Clinical findings were reviewed and classified into nonaccidental and accidental groups. The mechanisms of the injuries were examined by multivariable analysis to identify which ones were statistically associated with nonaccidental injuries.

Results

Of the 84 patients with SDHs, 51 were classified into the nonaccidental group, and 33 children were classified into the accidental group. In 19 patients with a chief complaint of convulsion who had SDH but no episode of trauma, 18 were classified into the nonaccidental group. On multivariable analysis, unexplained convulsions (odds ratio: 12.04, 95% confidence interval: 1.44–100.49) were significantly associated with increased odds of nonaccidental injury.

Conclusions

In the present study, there was a relationship between nonaccidental injury and unexplained SDH with a chief complaint of convulsion.
Far away or yesterday? Shifting perceptions of time for political ends
Authors: Dawson Andrew J. , Leith Scott A. , Ward Cindy L. P. , Williams Sarah , Wilson Anne E.
Published: November 2022

Voters evaluate political candidates not only based on their recent record but their history, often faced with weighing the relevance of long-past misdeeds in current appraisal. How should a distant transgression be taken to reflect on the present? Across multiple years, political figures and incidents, we found that people’s subjective perceptions of time concerning political candidate’s histories can differ radically, regardless of objective fact; political bias shapes people’s perception of the time of things past. Results showed that despite equidistant calendar time, people subjectively view a favored politician’s successes and opposing politician’s failures as much closer in time, while a favored politician’s failures and opponent’s success seem much further away. Studies 1–3 tested the proposed phenomena across distinct (real and hypothetical) political contexts, while Study 4 tested the causal effects of temporal distance framing. Study 5 provided a final preregistered test of the findings. Overall, we demonstrate that partisans can protect their candidates and attack opponents by shifting their perception of time.
Relationship between nursing students’ attitudes toward nursing profession and online learning satisfaction during COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Černelič-Bizjak Maša , Dolenc Petra
Published: November 2022

Formal education is crucial for the development of nurses’ professional identity and can play a decisive role in attracting students to the nursing profession. This is even more important during a public health emergency such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate nursing students’ attitudes and feelings toward their future profession and academic studies during the first COVID-19 lockdown. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on 361 nursing students. The data were collected through the Students’ attitudes toward the nursing profession during the COVID-19 outbreak scale, and the Satisfaction with online learning scale. Nursing students expressed higher levels of commitment and dedication to their profession compared to perceived job security. They were generally satisfied with their distance learning experience in terms of accessibility of study materials, adaptation of lectures and quality of communication with academic staff. However, students perceived the ICT-supported distance learning as moderately effective. Students’ satisfaction with online learning was positively related to their perceived professional commitment. In times of health crisis, faculties should consider students’ perceived quality of nursing education and attitudes toward future profession to promote appropriate professional identity.
Exploring the lived experience of renal cachexia for individuals with end-stage renal disease and the interrelated experience of their carers: Study protocol
Authors: Blair Carolyn , Shields Joanne , Mullan Robert , Johnston William , Davenport Andrew , Fouque Denis , Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar , Maxwell Peter , McKeaveney Clare , Noble Helen , Porter Sam , Seres David , Slee Adrian , Swaine Ian , Witham Miles , Reid Joanne
Published: November 2022

Renal cachexia is an important consideration in the person-centred care that is needed in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, given that clinical guidelines relating to renal cachexia are largely absent, this is an unmet care need. To inform guidelines and future renal service planning, there is an urgency to understand individuals’ experiences of renal cachexia and the interrelated experiences of the carers in their lives. We report here the protocol for an interpretative phenomenological study which will explore this lived experience. A purposive sampling strategy will recruit individuals living with ESRD who have cachexia and their carers. A maximum of 30 participants (15 per group) dependent on saturation will be recruited across two nephrology directorates, within two healthcare trusts in the United Kingdom. Individuals with renal cachexia undergoing haemodialysis will be recruited via clinical gatekeepers and their carers will subsequently be invited to participate in the study. Participants will be offered the opportunity to have a face-to-face, virtual or telephone interview. Interviews will be audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. NVivo, will be used for data management. Ethical approval for this study was granted by the Office for Research Ethics Committees Northern Ireland (REC Reference: 22/NI/0107). Scientific evidence tends to focus on measurable psychological, social and quality of life outcomes but there is limited research providing in-depth meaning and understanding of the views of individuals with renal disease who are experiencing renal cachexia. This information is urgently needed to better prepare healthcare providers and in turn support individuals with ESRD and their carers. This study will help healthcare providers understand what challenges individuals with ESRD, and their carers face in relation to cachexia and aims to inform future clinical practice guidelines and develop supportive interventions which recognise and respond to the needs of this population.
LATIC–A linguistic analyzer for text and item characteristics
Authors: Cruz Neri Nadine , Klückmann Florian , Retelsdorf Jan
Published: November 2022

Analyzing texts and items regarding their linguistic features might be important for researchers to investigate the effects of the linguistic presentation as well as for practitioners to estimate the readability of a text or an item. The Linguistic Analyzer for Text and Item Characteristics (LATIC) is a software that enables users to analyze texts and items more efficiently. LATIC offers a multitude of features at three different reading levels and can be used for texts and items in four different languages: English, French, German, and Spanish. It is open source, free to use and designed to be user-friendly. In this study, we investigated LATIC’s performance: LATIC achieves highly accurate results, while being extremely time saving compared to human raters. While developing LATIC, the respective features are tested continuously to ensure a high accuracy of results in the future.
Polar localization of CheO under hypoxia promotes Campylobacter jejuni chemotactic behavior within host
Authors: Mo Ran , Ma Wenhui , Zhou Weijie , Gao Beile
Published: November 2022

Campylobacter jejuni is a food-borne zoonotic pathogen of worldwide concern and the leading cause of bacterial diarrheal disease. In contrast to other enteric pathogens, C. jejuni has strict growth and nutritional requirements but lacks many virulence factors that have evolved for pathogenesis or interactions with the host. It is unclear how this bacterium has adapted to an enteric lifestyle. Here, we discovered that the CheO protein (CJJ81176_1265) is required for C. jejuni colonization of mice gut through its role in chemotactic control of flagellar rotation in oxygen-limiting environments. CheO interacts with the chemotaxis signaling proteins CheA and CheZ, and also with the flagellar rotor components FliM and FliY. Under microaerobic conditions, CheO localizes at the cellular poles where the chemosensory array and flagellar machinery are located in C. jejuni and its polar localization depends on chemosensory array formation. Several chemoreceptors that mediate energy taxis coordinately determine the bipolar distribution of CheO. Suppressor screening for a ΔcheO mutant identified that a single residue variation in FliM can alleviate the phenotype caused by the absence of CheO, confirming its regulatory role in the flagellar rotor switch. CheO homologs are only found in species of the Campylobacterota phylum, mostly species of host-associated genera Campylobacter, Helicobacter and Wolinella. The CheO results provide insights into the complexity of chemotaxis signal transduction in C. jejuni and closely related species. Importantly, the recruitment of CheO into chemosensory array to promote chemotactic behavior under hypoxia represents a new adaptation strategy of C. jejuni to human and animal intestines.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PHYTOCHEMICALS OF PASTINACA UMBROSA
Authors: Mammadova Husniya Gara , Serkerov Siraceddin Veli
Published: November 2022

The Pastinaca genus belongs to Umbelliferae family. Pastinaca umbrosa grows widely in the north-west, west and center of Azerbaijan. In the present study, phytochemicals of the plants have been isolated and their structures have been elucidated. The mix of extractive substances was obtained by finely cutting the body of Pastinaca umbrosa, then drying in the room conditions (200 g) and extracting by acetone 3 times (3 days for each time). The acetone was filtered and evaporated on a water bath. The residue was a dark-brown resin (12 g, 6% yield). The resin (12 g) was dissolved in CHCl3 (50 mL) and chromatographed over a column of neutral Al2O3 with elution by hexane, hexane + benzen, benzene, benzene +chloroform, chloroform and chloroform+ etanol, in different ratios. The volume of each fraction was 100 mL. The separation and isolation process was carried out using column (silicagel) and thin layer chromatographic (TLC) methods. Structure elucidation of thepurified compounds were based on IR, UV, 1H and 13C-NMR data, in comparison with those reported in theprevious literatures. The isolated compounds from the aceton extracts of P. umbrosa were identified as esculetin 2.5%, scopoletin 4.5%, and umbelliferon 3.5%.
ABOUT THE POSSIBILITY OF QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF LIGNIN AND CELLULOSE IN PLANT MA-TERIALS USING IR SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Kostryukov Sergey Gennadievich , Malov Nikita Aleksandrovich , Masterova Yuliya Yur'yevna , Matyakubov Khusain Bakhramovich , Konushkin Ivan Aleksandrovich , Savrasov Konstantin Viktorovich , Pynenkov Aleksandr Alekseyevich , Khluchina Natal'ya Aleksandrovna
Published: November 2022

A methodical approach for quantitative determination of lignin and cellulose in plant materials by midinfrared FT-IR spectroscopy using the suspension method in tablets with KBr was proposed. For the prepared model binary mixtures of pure cellulose and lignin a direct correlation was achieved between the concentration and intensity of the analytical absorption bands of lignin (1508–1512 cm-1) and cellulose (1059–1061 cm-1). Based on the obtained intensity / concentration dependences formulas were derived that allow calculating the content of lignin and cellulose. The proposed method was tested on a wide range of plant biomass samples: 9 wood samples and 11 samples of agro-processing wastes. A good suitability of the proposed method for the quantitative determination of lignin was shown; the deviation from the literature data was no more than 1%. However, the proposed method was not suitable for the determination of cellulose since it didn't take into account the contribution of hemicellulose and extractive substances in the absorption band of 1059–1061 cm-1, which resulted in greatly overestimated results of cellulose content determination.
BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SOME PLANTS OF THE ASTERACE-AE FAMILY, CULTIVATED IN CONDITIONS OF WESTERN SIBERIA
Authors: Lebedeva Marina Aleksandrovna , Kukushkina Tat'yana Abdulkhailovna , Shaldaeva Tat'yana Mikhaylovna , Pshenichkina Yuliya Anatol'yevna , Khramova Elena Petrovna
Published: November 2022

Studied the content the content of phenolic compounds (flavonols, flavans (catechins), tannins), polysaccharides (pectins, protopectins), tetraterpenes (carotenoids) and antioxidant activity of Cichorium intubus L., Taraxacum officinale Wigg., Arnica iljinii (Maguire) Iljin., Echinops sphaerocephalus L. cultivated in conditions of Western Siberia. A significant part of the biologically active substances are tannins (up 28.25%) and protopectins (up 11.11%). The content of flavonoids in the studied samples of C. intybus plants corresponds to the indicators of chicory grass for other regions of the Russian Federation, including the regions of its industrial cultivation. The flowers and leaves of the studied samples of T. officinale are characterized by approximately the same content of flavonols (1.02–1.43%), pectins (0.80–1.08%) and protopectins (7.94–8.87%). The leaves and flowers of A. iljinii are distinguished by a rather high content of flavonols (up to 4.23%) and tannins (up to 28.25%). In terms of the content of tannins (8.34%), catechins (36.3 mg/%), protopectins (10.06%) and carotenoids (64.60 mg/%), the leaves of E. sphaerocephalus are significantly superior to the flowers. Flavonols are present in equal proportions in leaves (0.68%) and flowers (0.64%). Indicators of the total content of phenolic antioxidants in the leaves and flowers of C. intubus, T. officinale, A. iljinii, E. sphaerocephalus do not differ significantly.
AERIAL PART FERULA TENUISECTA ALTERNATIVE INDUSTRIAL RAW MATERIAL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TEFESTROL SUBSTANCE
Authors: Mamatkhanov Akhmatkhon Umarkhanovich , Khalilov Ravshanjon Muratjanovich
Published: November 2022

The main losses of tefestrol have been identified and the advantages and disadvantages of the existing technology in the production of the substance from the aerial parts of Ferula tenuisecta have been established. It was found that the final product obtained by the existing technology has a green color that does not meet the requirements of the Pharmacopoeia article. The stage proposed of extraction of the sum of esters of sesquiterpene alcohols from the aerial part of Ferula tenuisecta and purification of the obtained extract, allowing to subsequent obtain the substance of tefestrol without green color. It has been shown that the use of activated carbon makes it possible to remove the green color of the extract. To purify tefestrol from other esters of sesquiterpene alcohols and accompanying substances, a chromatographic separation on silica gel is proposed under the following conditions: the ratio of the amount introduced into the column and the sorbent is 1 : 20; the ratio of the height of the sorption layer to the column diameter is 4 : 1; elution rate 35 l/h.m2. To obtain the pharmacopoeial substance of tefestrol is proposed, crystallization of a technical product from a mixture of ethyl acetate with hexane in a volume ratio of 1 : 3. Based on the results obtained, technology has been developed for obtaining the tefestrol substance from the aerial part of Ferula tenuisecta. Using this technology 70.96% of the substance of tefestrol is obtained from the content in the raw material, according to the existing technology 33.9%.
IDENTIFICATION OF VITAMIN C IN FLOWERS AND LEAVES MALUS SPP.
Authors: Goncharovska Inna V. , Levon Vladimir F. , Kuznetsov Vladimyr V. , Antonyuk Galina O.
Published: November 2022

The objective of this study was to evaluate the ascorbic acid content in vegetative and generative organs of crabapple from the collection of the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Considering the abundant flowering, higher fruiting in comparison with Malus domestica Borkh., increased content of nutrients and biologically active substances in flowers and leaves of crabapple, they deserve wide use in production. The genotypes were planted to a permanent place of growth in 2014. Total ascorbic acid content in flowers ranged from 116 (Holliana) to 188 (Era) mg / 100 g, in leaves from 112 (Van Ezeltin) to 183 (Royalty) mg / 100 g.

The objects of the study are valuable for use as raw materials of biologically active additives. Using the flowers and leaves of Malus spp., As raw materials for the production of dry powder, will meet the needs of consumers for affordable and nutritious ingredients rich in vitamin C.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GERANIUM WLASSOVIANUM (GERANIACEAE)
Authors: Ilyina Larisa Petrovna , Olennikov Daniil Nikolayevich , Antsupova Tat'yana Petrovna
Published: November 2022

The article presents the results of experimental findings concerning the study of the chemical composition of above-ground and underground parts of Geranium wlassovianum. The amount of number of tannins into the plant matter gathered during the blooming period is 19.45±0.04% in the root system and 20.93±0.03% in the above-ground part of a plant. Tannins are referred to phenolic compounds. For qualitative determination of peculiar phenolic compounds the HELC (high-efficiency liquid chromatography) method was used. This method allowed to determine 21 compounds from the aqueous extract of the above-ground parts and 11 compounds from the aqueous extract of the underground parts of the Geranium wlassovianum. 8 compounds were found both in the shoot system and in the root one, 13 substances are contained only in the grass, 3 substances were found only in the underground plant parts. During the study, the elemental composition of a plant was identified, as a result 22 chemical elements were found out. For 6 elements the root barrier index is lower than one that points at barrier-free transition of elements from a root system to an above-ground parts of a plant. The rest 16 elements meet the barrier during transition (in the range from 1 to 10), that is the concentration of these 16 elements is higher in the underground part than in the grass part. The variety of the chemical composition and quantitative content of the chemical elements in the plant matter of the species that is under the research depend on different natural factors.
EDUCATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THE POPULATION OF THE BORDER REGIONS OF RUSSIA
Authors: Cherepanova Maria I. , Grishanova Maria A. , Plotnikova Marina V.
Published: November 2022

The relevance of the research proposed in the article is determined by the fact that one of the basic components of human capital is the educational potential of the population, whose qualitative characteristics determine the future development of the country. The purpose of the proposed article is to describe the specifics of the subjective and objective components of the educational potential of the population of border regions, as well as the motivation of citizens to optimize it in a regional context. The analysis of the functioning of indicators of intellectual capital and educational resources of the population is based on an interdisciplinary approach (economics, sociology, pedagogy); the theory of reproductive mechanisms for the dissemination of intellectual information at the macro, meso and micro levels of its implementation is used, the phenomenon of "lifelong education" and "lifelong education" is investigated. Conclusions are drawn that the actual factor of development and improvement of the efficiency of human capital is a high level of living.
THE TRIGGER OF CONFLICT. TRIGGER: EXPERIENCE OF CONCEPTUALIZATION AND CATEGORIZATION
Authors: Skalaban Irina A. , Sergeeva Zoya N. , Lobanov Yuri S. , Volchenko Svetlana Y.
Published: November 2022

The concept of "trigger" in recent decades has become widely used in domestic and world theory and practice of conflict. However, this term has not yet received in-depth scientific reflection and is used arbitrarily. What is a trigger, what are its components, and how is it fundamentally different from other conflict phenomena – causes, conditions, and many other phenomena of a complex conflict system? This article is an attempt to conceptualize and categorize the concept of a trigger in order to further use it for scientific description and analysis in the plane of practical work with conflict.
FINANCIAL CULTURE OF STUDENT YOUTH
Authors: Panfilova Anna O. , Savvinova Karina A.
Published: November 2022

The article deals with theoretical and empirical aspects of the study of the financial culture of modern students. It is presented as a complex socio-economic phenomenon, largely based on parental financial behavior. The connection between the development of youth consciousness, in general, and its financial level, in particular, with global socio-economic and information-digital realities, the speed and nature of their flow is emphasized. The importance of financial culture formation and development in the context of social well-being and successful current and future socialization is highlighted. The results of the study (N=174 people) in two Far Eastern Russian regions show a fairly high degree of pragmatism in the consciousness of today's youth; desire to learn more about the financial market, its opportunities and risks, and apply this knowledge in practice. Students are distinguished by a pronounced orientation towards the acquisition of their own housing; increase in earnings; hedonism; income stability and focus on reasonable, not spontaneous, expenses. Personal qualities associated with this - the ability to effectively plan and distribute, practicality, responsibility, developed critical thinking. The main conclusion of the research work: in the assessments of young students, relations in the material and monetary sphere require specific and relevant knowledge and skills, and the majority of respondents, recognizing the insufficiency of their own, wish to expand and develop them. At the same time, the expressed desire for development in this area is superimposed on a low level of real activity. The financial culture of young people, in general, is a phenomenon subject to continuous development in the context of the uncertainties and transitivity of modern social reality.
Modèle toxicocinétique pour un fongicide azolé chez trois espèces de poisson
Authors: Tu-Ky LY , Julie DE OLIVEIRA , Karyn LE MENACH , Hélène BUDZINSKI , Nathalie HINFRAY , Rémy BEAUDOUIN
Published: November 2022

Les fongicides azolés (
e.g. prochloraze, PCZ ; imazalil, IMZ) sont retrouvés dans l’environnement et notamment dans les milieux aquatiques à des concentrations pouvant aller jusqu’à 2000 ng/L pour le PCZ (Kreuger, 1998) et 410 ng/L pour l’IMZ (CCanccapa
et al., 2015). Un de leurs mécanismes de toxicité bien connu est leur capacité à inhiber le cytochrome P450 aromatase (aromatase A, codée par le gène cyp19a1a) (Hinfray
et al., 2006). L'altération de ce complexe enzymatique au niveau des gonades est un mécanisme d'action de perturbation endocrinienne souvent étudié. C’est d’ailleurs une des rares voies de toxicité pour laquelle une qAOP (
i.e. quantitative Adverse Outcome Pathway, dit voie de toxicité quantitative) est disponible. Celle-ci a été développée chez le vairon à tête-de-boule (
Pimephales promelas) et appliquée au fadrozole, inhibiteur non stéroïdien hautement spécifique de l'aromatase (Conolly
et al., 2017). Cependant, de récentes études suggèrent fortement que l’intégration du profil toxicocinétique (TK) des molécules étudiées permettrait d’améliorer les prédictions des relations quantitatives existantes entre chaque évènement clé décrites dans cette qAOP. Ainsi, l’objectif de ce travail est de comprendre et modéliser le processus ADME (
i.e. Absorption, Distribution, Métabolisation, Elimination) du PCZ et de l’IMZ chez le poisson. Pour cela, des mesures de concentrations internes ont été réalisées au niveau des gonades, du foie et de la carcasse de poissons zèbres exposés à trois concentrations d’IMZ (3, 30, 300 µg/L). Ces données en complément de celles disponibles au sein de l’Ineris et issues de la littérature ont permis de paramétrer un modèle de toxicocinétique à fondement physiologique (
i.e. PBTK) (Grech
et al., 2019) chez le poisson zèbre appliqué au PCZ et à l’IMZ. De plus, les paramètres de métabolisation ont été estimés à partir de données
ex vivo permettant d’améliorer le processus de métabolisation chez le poisson zèbre. Finalement, la modélisation du profil TK de ces substances a permis de prédire les concentrations internes dans les organes cible chez le poisson mâle et femelle. Ainsi, intégrer ce modèle PBTK à une qAOP permettra d’améliorer les prédictions des relations quantitatives qui y sont décrites (Villeneuve
et al., 2021).
Longitudinal Associations of Risk Factors and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Cured Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Authors: Kramer Jennifer R. , Cao Yumei , Li Liang , Smith Donna , Chhatwal Jagpreet , El-Serag Hashem B. , Kanwal Fasiha
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCTION:

There are limited data on the effect and evolution of risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with virologically cured hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.

METHODS:

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with HCV who achieved sustained virological response with direct-acting antivirals from 130 Veterans Administration hospitals during 2014–2018, followed through 2021. Cox proportional hazards models were constructed at 3 landmark times (baseline and 12 and 24 months after sustained virological response) to examine associations between demographic, clinical, and behavioral factors and HCC risk, stratified by cirrhosis status.

RESULTS:

Among 92,567 patients (32% cirrhosis), 3,247 cases of HCC were diagnosed during a mean follow-up of 2.5 years. In patients with cirrhosis, male sex (hazard ratios [HR]: 1.89, 1.93, and 1.99), cirrhosis duration ≥5 years (HR: 1.71, 1.79, and 1.34), varices (HR: 1.73, 1.60, and 1.56), baseline albumin (HR: 0.48, 0.47, and 0.49), and change in albumin (HR: 0.82 and 0.90) predicted HCC risk at each landmark time. HCV genotype 3, previous treatment, bilirubin, smoking, and race influenced HCC risk at baseline, but their effects attenuated over time. In patients without cirrhosis, diabetes (HR: 1.54, 1.42, and 1.47) and hypertension (HR: 1.59, 1.65, and 1.74) were associated with HCC risk at all landmark times. Changes in fibrosis-4 scores over time were associated with HCC risk both in patients with and without cirrhosis.

DISCUSSION:

Risk factors for HCC were different in patients with and without cirrhosis and some also evolved during follow-up. These factors can help with risk stratification and HCC surveillance decisions in patients with cured HCV.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Is Not a Great Screening Criterion: Time to Move on to Other Strategies for Controlling the Burden of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Rubenstein Joel H.
Published: November 2022

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is key in the pathogenesis of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Endoscopic screening of select individuals with GERD symptoms for Barrett's esophagus and EAC has been recommended, but the great majority of patients with EAC had never undergone prior screening, despite over a million esophagogastroduodenoscopies (EGDs) performed annually in the United States among individuals with GERD symptoms. This is likely due to a conflation among providers regarding diagnostic EGD in those with refractory symptoms and screening EGD. An alternative approach is needed that de-emphasizes GERD to avoid confusion and increase uptake of appropriate screening.
Berberine Ursodeoxycholate for the Treatment of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: The Search for the Elusive Pharmacologic Holy Grail Will Need to Continue
Authors: Yoshida Eric M.
Published: November 2022

Effective pharmacologic treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) remains elusive. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is known to improve liver biochemistry, specifically serum alkaline phosphatase, in patients with PSC but has not been shown to favourably alter the natural history. Similarly, many immunomodulatory medications have been studied for the treatment of PSC, but none has been demonstrated to be of unequivocal benefit. In this issue of the Journal, a pilot study of a ursodeoxycholate berberine salt vs placebo is reported. Although improvement in serum alkaline phosphatase is reported, without a control arm with UDCA monotherapy, it is not possible to determine whether this study drug is beneficial over UDCA by itself. More study in the PSC therapeutic arena is needed.
Entrevista 01: Marcos Garcia Neira
Authors: Fortunato Ivan , Araújo Osmar Hélio Alves
Published: November 2022

Entrevista: Marcos Garcia Neira - A Escola nos dias atuais.
A percepção de professores sobre as consequências da pandemia da COVID 19 na Educação Básica
Authors: Cardoso Fernanda Serpa , Soares Guilherme Marques , Gonçalves Bianca da Cruz Lima
Published: November 2022

Nos últimos séculos, o uso da tecnologia digital avançou, impactando as relações pessoais.  Os dispositivos eletrônicos permitiram que, durante a pandemia causada pelo Sars-Cov-2, houvesse busca pela continuidade no ensino, trazendo novos desafios aos alunos e professores. O artigo relata os impactos do ensino remoto durante a pandemia na concepção de 45 professores da Educação Básica. Para isso, foi aplicado um questionário semi-estruturado, visando explorar as maneiras encontradas por eles para se adequarem à modalidade, como foram redimensionadas as práticas pedagógicas e investigar a relação professor-aluno. Os resultados apontaram que, de modo geral, houve maior demanda de tempo para a preparação das aulas e menor interação entre os professores e seus alunos. Além disso, foi observada diferença no que tange ao ensino das escolas públicas e privadas. Conclui-se que foram muitos os impactos causados pelo ensino remoto durante a pandemia da COVID 19, necessitando repensar a educação para os próximos anos.
MANAGERIAL COMPETENCY OF THE PRINCIPAL IN SMA BANUA KALIMANTAN SELATAN BILINGUAL BOARDING SCHOOL
Authors: Wulandari Fitria , Haris Fadillah  , Ainur Rahman  , Nur Azizah
Published: November 2022

To improve the quality of human resources, the principal must manage human resources in schools. Well-organized resource management will achieve educational goals. Managerial competence is part of the principal's requirements that must be met. It is the principal capital in achieving the goals of education as a whole. This research is field research with a qualitative approach. The focus of this research is the managerial competence of the principal at the SPK (School of Cooperation Education) SMA Banua Kalsel Bilingual Boarding School in South Kalimantan. The results showed that the principal had managed human resources well. Schools can realize their vision and mission according to the objectives of the school initiated by the South Kalimantan government, namely the availability of excellent schools that can deliver outstanding students at national and international levels, and graduates can continue to the next level both at home and abroad.
Decolonizing Foreign Language Education
Authors: Vélez Salas C. Martin
Published: November 2022

Interdisciplinary pedagogical interventions in second language education take time to be produced. Reading Mignolo’s Local Histories/Global Designs and Gloria Anzaldúa’s Borderlands/La frontera more than ten years ago in my doctoral studies, I would start envisioning curricular and pedagogical interventions among future generalist and bilingual teachers in Texas. There is no doubt that the critical scholarship published in English on the teaching and learning of English and other additional colonial and Indigenous languages taking issues of power has been producing important contributions in the last twenty years. In this urgent envisioning journey, we find that newer scholarship in our field continues deconstructing these issues of power and language, now framing these interventions considering a decolonial turn in the social sciences and humanities, and which incorporates noncolonial epistemologies in this dialogue (Dos Santos, 2014).
THE CONSTITUTIONAL INTERPRETATION OF WOMEN'S POLITICAL RIGHTS
Authors: Lailam Tanto , Andrianti Nita
Published: November 2022

The research focuses on the gender equality and justice interpretation of women's political rights in the Constitutional Court decisions. The problem is how does the interpretation of the constitution protect and fulfill women's political rights?. The research method is legal doctrinal, focusing on constitutional interpretation with several approaches, including the statutory, analytical, and case approaches. The result of the research shows that the function of the Court as a protector of women's political rights is a consequence of the existence of human rights in the  1945 Constitution. Its guarantees the constitutional review authority to protect human rights. Based on several decisions of the Court: affirmative action case, leadership positions in the house of representatives case, the women position of governor and vice governor's appointment in a Special Region of Yogyakarta. These decisions, which are above cases, are a form of protection and fulfillment of women's political rights in realizing gender equality and justice. Of course, it is motivated by the fact that women's representation must be present in every political decision-making in the national and local governance.
INTERNET FINANCIAL REPORTING: THE CASE OF PHILIPPINE BANKS
Authors: Briones Jesus P. , Cabrera Doringer P.
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the extent of internet financial reporting (IFR) of Philippine banks.  Used as samples were top commercial banks and thrift banks operating in the country considering their total assets as of March,                                                                                                                                                                                      2012 as published by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas in its website. Financial information in the websites of the sampled banks were evaluated during the third quarter of 2012.  The study revealed that the quality and extent of IFR of Philippine commercial banks is “average” based on their IFR index score of 44.50 while thrift banks posted a below average IFR index score of 21.56 resulting to a highly significant difference between bank types. Among the four evaluation criteria used, the subject-banks’ content disclosure provides the highest percentage contribution to their IFR index scores as this is the main focus of their financial reporting. Among the components of content disclosure, corporate information, chairman’s report and the auditor’s report emerged as the top three often included in the financial disclosure of the subject-banks while vision statement and press release are the components often updated by both bank types in their websites with the commercial banks notably updating more frequently compared to thrift banks.   Relative to technology, online feedback is the most common component in the banks’ website while link to homepage is the most usual user support feature relative to the bank’s financial reporting practice. Lastly, asset size and bank type were found to have a high significant relationship with the extent of IFR.
STATE-OWNED RURAL BANK PERFORMANCE: DO GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE UNIQUENESS MATTER?
Authors: Noerdin Azilsyah
Published: November 2022

It has been widely recognized that ownership structure has an impact on firm performance. This paper examines whether rural banks owned by government have poorer performance than those owned by private parties with the emphasis on corporate governance uniqueness of state-owned rural banks. 42 rural banks in Indonesia has been selected as the sample. MANOVA test is used to investigate the difference performance between the two types of the rural banks. The results show that state-owned rural banks perform poorer than their privately-owned counterparts. It is indicated by lower ROA ratio and higher OEOI and NPL ratios. The important implication of this finding suggets that government ownership impede boards of rural banks to implement good corporate governance practices in order to improve their banks performance.
ANALISIS PENGUNGKAPAN EMISI GAS RUMAH KACA
Authors: Prafitri Anistia , Zulaikha Zulaikha
Published: November 2022

This study aimes to examine the effect of environmental management system, company's environmental performance, company size, industry type, return on asset and leverage on the greenhouse gas emissions disclosures. The population are  the agriculture, energy, transportation, base and chemical companies listed on the Stock Exchange in the year 2014-2015. Total samples used are 298 companies. Logistic regression is used to test the hypothesis. The results indicate that there is a positive and significant effect of  the environmental management system, the company's environmental performance, company size, industry type, and leverage on the disclosures of greenhouse gas emissions, but return on asset don’t have effect on them
THE EFFECTS OF AUDIT LAG, OPINION SHOPPING, LEVERAGE, AND PROFITABILITY TO THE GOING CONCERN AUDIT OPINION
Authors: Pratiwi Rizqah Hanie
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of audit lag, opinion shopping, leverage and profitability to the going concern audit opinion. The independent variables used in this study are audit lag, opinion shopping, leverage and profitability. The dependent variable used in this study is the going concern audit opinion. Data were obtained from audited financial statements and annual reports of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The samples used were 26 companies during the period 2016-2018 with the total final sample being 78 samples. The sampling method is the purposive sampling method. The type of data used entirely is in the form of quantitative secondary data. This study uses a logistic regression analysis method. The result of this study indicate that leverage has a significant positive effect on going concern audit opinion, audit lag does not have a significant and negative effect on going concern audit opinion, opinion shopping does not have a significant and positive effect on going concern audit opinion, and profitability does not have a significant and negative effect on going concern audit opinion.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN RASIO PROFITABILITAS SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH DIKELUARKANNYA PERATURAN MENTERI KEUANGAN NOMOR 15/PMK.010/2017 DAN NOMOR 16/PMK.010/2017 TENTANG DANA SANTUNAN PADA PT JASA RAHARJA (PERSERO) PERIODE 2016-2018
Authors: Rehan Viola Marlita , Sasana Hadi Sasana , Panggiarti Endang Kartini
Published: November 2022

This research was conducted to analyse the profitability of PT. Jasa Raharja (Persero) before and after the issuance of Minister of Finance Regulation Number 15 / PMK.010 / 2017 and Number 16 / PMK.010 / 2017 concerning compensation funds during 2016-2018. The method of analysis used in this research is qualitative descriptive study. The data used in this study are the financial statements of PT. Jasa Raharja (Persero) taken through www.jasaraharja.co.id. The results show that there has been a significant decrease in profitability when measured by Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE) between before and after the implementation of Regulation of the Minister of Finance Number 15 / PMK.010 / 2017 and Number 16 / PMK.010 / 2017. This can occur due to an increase in the amount of claim compensation by 100% and changes in the receipt of flat rate fines to progressive rate fines. In the future, it is hoped that PT. Jasa Raharja (Persero) can further maximize the company's operating activities by reducing expenses or operating costs as efficiently as possible and optimizing existing resources, such as asset management and the use of capital to obtain maximum profit, so that the NPM, ROA, and ROE obtained by the company can increased. The contribution of the research is gives the knowledge that changes the regulation gives an impact to the profitability of PT Jasa Raharja (Persero).