bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lula’s Brazil in Africa: cultural diplomacy as an instrument of soft power
Authors: Chatin Mathilde
Published: January 2022

Durante o Governo Lula, a diplomacia cultural foi utilizada como importante instrumento para que o Brasil exercesse poder brando ("soft power") e assumisse um papel de liderança na política internacional. O número de parceiros doBrasil no campo da diplomacia cultural oi ampliado, enquanto suas relações com o Sul global e o continente africanose expandiram, como parte de uma estratégia mais abrangente em assuntos globais. O presente artigo investiga essemovimento de maior ativismo na área da diplomacia cultural no continente africano como ilustração da importânciadas relações Sul-Sul e da tentativa do Brasil de atingir seu objetivo de tornar-se um ator global através do poder brando.
Do outro lado da ópera: as bandas como fator de expressão dos núcleos de pertencimento dos imigrantes, na virada do século XX
Authors: Machado Neto Diósnio
Published: January 2022

Os espaços de negociação dos imigrantes italianos no processo de formação dos núcleos sociais dentro da realidade rural paulista acabaram formando processos de afirmações de pertencimentos, reforçados por uma rememoração simbólica que concomitantemente mantinha os lastros com a terra original e abriase para a nova realidade. Muito desseprocesso se deu pela música, num campo entrecruzado entre a ópera e a banda. No entanto, ao contrário da ópera, que já que estava incorporada nos valores das oligarquias locais e assim representavam a estratificação socialinerentemente, as bandas surgiram comoo principal espaço dessas negociaçõesculturais entre os nativos e os oriundi. Numprincípio, chamadas de forma pejorativade “bandas dos italianos”, essas agremiações foram fundamentais para a incorporação da comunidade de imigrantes nas estruturas afetivas da subjetividade local, assim como nos ambientes musicais consolidados, como o teatro e o coreto.Através de processos de suas formações, do repertório, das formas e espaços da apresentação pública, assim como da projeção dessas bandas em cenários socioculturais mais amplos, o objetivodesse artigo é problematizar essa movimentação. Especificamente, é sublinhar o processo de transculturação envolvido, focando como a ópera foi um ponto de apoio para um movimento que, ao fim e ao cabo, se desdobrou em muitos sentidos pela música de banda, por ser esta a real possibilidade de articular um patrimônio musical já estabelecido com o local da cultura.
Mães negras em luto: configurações da literatura e da crítica literária diante da violência racista
Authors: Silva Fabiana Carneiro da
Published: January 2022

Tendo como pressuposto a análise detida do romance Um defeito de cor, de Ana Maria Gonçalves, o artigo centra-se na tópica da maternidade negra, sublinhando os vínculos entre os modos como essa representação se dá na literatura de autoria negra no Brasil, e o repertóriocrítico que busca, desde diversas áreas do saber, explicitar os mecanismos racistas perversos de obstrução ao pleno exercício da maternidade pelas mulheres negras do país.
Interminados, criadores e sonhadores: o problema da estética em Paulo Freire
Authors: Berino Aristóteles
Published: January 2022

Apesar de não ter despertado a devida atenção entre os principais intérpretes da sua obra, o problema da estética em Paulo Freire constitui um núcleo importante do seu pensamento. Entre os seus escritos, nas suas conversações e práticas pedagógicas, o tema da estética sempre esteve presente, desde o início da sua trajetória intelectual e de educador até seus últimos trabalhos publicados. Neste artigo, procuro mostrar algumas dessas referências e proponho um caminho analítico que passa pelo conceito de criação para entendermos como especialmente o tema da estética está relacionado a sua concepção de educação. Diante do avanço do neoliberalismo, o conceito de sonho encontra na sua obra uma articulação política que também associo ao significado que atribuía à criação como possibilidade emancipatória e promotora de outros sentidos à existência.
Do clássico às ideias pedagógicas: uma leitura da pedagogia da autonomia, de Paulo Freire
Authors: Champoudry Ana Cristina
Published: January 2022

O presente texto tem por objetivo analisar as ideias pedagógicas de Freire presentes na obra Pedagogia da autonomia: saberes necessários à prática educativa, problematizando-a com base nas seguintes questões: De que maneira a obra Pedagogia da autonomia: saberes necessários à prática educativa pode ser considerada um clássico na formação de professores? Quais ideias pedagógicas presentes na Pedagogia da autonomia contribuem para pensar sobre essa questão? Parte-se da relação entre a concepção de clássicos defendida por Calvino (2007) e a apresentação das ideias pedagógicas desenvolvidas por Freire (1996) no livro, descrevendo-o como um clássico a ser lido no contexto atual. Utiliza-se a noção de clássicos elaborada por Calvino na obra Por que ler os clássicos?, com base nas definições que contribuem para expor os significados de uma leitura clássica em educação. Como metodologia, utilizou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica da perspectiva de leitora que, apropriando-se (CHARTIER,2001b) das ideias do autor, produz elaborações de modo a contribuir para uma análise da obra. Ao entender a definição de clássico como aquele que nunca terminou de dizer o que tinha para dizer, aquele cuja releitura é uma leitura de descoberta como a primeira e aquele que deixa ruídos em tempos e contextos mesmo que estes sejam incompatíveis com as suas ideias, reafirma--se a leitura do autor e da obra em questão como um clássico que se torna imprescindível no contexto educacional atual em que reiteradas ofensas são imputadas ao ato de educar, às instituições educativas e aos sujeitos que nela estão inseridos.
Tempo e democracia: uma proposta de aproximação do pensamento de Paulo Freire com a Cronobiologia
Authors: Menna-Barreto Luiz , Espírito-Santo Cláudia
Published: January 2022

Neste artigo, propomos reflexões sobre possíveis implicações da contribuição de Paulo Freire para uma área relativamente recente da Biologia, a Cronobiologia, cujo tema central é a organização temporal dos seres vivos, incluídos os seres humanos. Articulações com outros pensadores são propostas.
Laparoscopy in the Evaluation of Blunt Abdominal Injury in Level-I and II Pediatric Trauma Centers
Authors: Haratian Aryan , Grigorian Areg , Rajalingam Karan , Dolich Matthew , Schubl Sebastian , Kuza Catherine M. , Lekawa Michael , Nahmias Jeffry
Published: January 2022

Introduction

An American College of Surgeons (ACS) Level-I (L-I) pediatric trauma center demonstrated successful laparoscopy without conversion to laparotomy in ∼65% of trauma cases. Prior reports have demonstrated differences in outcomes based on ACS level of trauma center. We sought to compare laparoscopy use for blunt abdominal trauma at L-I compared to Level-II (L-II) centers.

Methods

The Pediatric Trauma Quality Improvement Program was queried (2014-2016) for patients ≤16 years old who underwent any abdominal surgery. Bivariate analyses comparing patients undergoing abdominal surgery at ACS L-I and L-II centers were performed.

Results

970 patients underwent abdominal surgery with 14% using laparoscopy. Level-I centers had an increased rate of laparoscopy (15.6% vs 9.7%, P = .019 ); however they had a lower mean Injury Severity Score (16.2 vs 18.5, P = .002) compared to L-II centers. Level-I and L-II centers had similar length of stay ventilator days, and SSIs (all P > .05).

Conclusion

While use of laparoscopy for pediatric trauma remains low, there was increased use at L-I compared to L-II centers with no difference in LOS or SSIs. Future studies are needed to elucidate which pediatric trauma patients benefit from laparoscopic surgery.
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Vibrational Circular Dichroism Assisted Elucidation of the Solution-State Supramolecular Speciation in Racemic and Enantiopure Ketoprofen
Authors: Rodríguez-Ortega Pilar Gema , Sánchez-Valera Magdalena , López-González Juan Jesús , Montejo Manuel
Published: January 2022

The molecular structure and solution-state molecular interactions in the popular non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ketoprofen, are extensively studied with the aim of gaining a better understanding of the chemical behavior of its solution state and its connection to its nucleation pathway and crystallization outcome. Using as reference solid-state X-ray structures of enantiomeric and racemic forms of ketoprofen, a set of self-assembly models underpinned by density functional theory calculations has been considered for the analysis of spectroscopic data, infrared (IR) and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD), obtained for solutions of the samples as a function of composition and solvent. From our results it can be concluded that, contrary to the general belief for generic carboxylic acids, there are no cyclic dimeric structures of ketoprofen present in solution, but rather linear arrays made up of two (in high polar or diluted media) or more units (in low polar or low dilution media). This observation is in line with the idea that the weak contacts (other than H-bonding) would hold the key to molecular self-assembly, in agreement with recent studies on other aromatic carboxylic acids.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital-treated self-harm in Sydney (Australia)
Authors: Sperandei Sandro , Page Andrew , Bandara Piumee , Reis Arianne , Saheb Rowena , Gaur Pankaj , Munasinghe Sithum , Worne Kathryn , Fozzard Carolyn , Brakoulias Vlasios
Published: January 2022

Objectives:

This study investigated trends in hospital-treated self-harm and hospital presenting suicidal ideation in the period before and after COVID-19 public health responses by key socio-demographic groups among those presenting to hospitals in the Western Sydney (Australia) population catchment.

Methods:

Emergency department presentations for the period January 2016 to June 2021 were used to specify a series of interrupted time-series models to compare the observed and expected event rates of (1) hospital-treated self-harm and (2) hospital presenting suicidal ideation in the period following the onset of COVID-19 public health measures in March 2020. Rate differences between observed and expected rates in the post-implementation period were also estimated in models stratified by sex, age group, country of birth and socio-economic status.

Results:

There was no significant increase in hospital-treated self-harm in the period post-implementation of public health orders (March 2020) compared to the previous period, although there were lower than expected rates of emergency department presentations among non-Australian-born males, males aged 0–14 years and 25–44 years, and females aged 45–64 years. In contrast, there was a significant increase in hospital presenting suicidal ideation, particularly among women (rate difference per 100,000 = 3.91, 95% confidence interval = [1.35, 6.48]) and those aged 15–24 years (both males and females, rate differences ranging from 8.91 to 19.04), and among those residing in lower socio-economic status areas (both males and females, rate differences ranging from 0.90 to 2.33).

Conclusion:

There was no increase in hospital-treated self-harm rates in the 15 months post-implementation of COVID-19 public health orders in Western Sydney; however, there was a significant increase in hospital presenting suicidal ideation. The limited change in suicidal behaviour may reflect the success of social and economic supports during this period, the benefits of which may have been different for young people, and those of lower socio-economic status.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the placebo effect in panic disorder: Implications for research and clinical practice
Authors: Ahmadzad-Asl Masoud , Davoudi Farnoush , Mohamadi Safoura , Hadi Fatemeh , Nejadghaderi Seyed Aria , Mirbehbahani Seyed Hamidreza , Jabbarinejad Roxana , Saneh Sadaf , Arshadi Mahdi , Naserbakht Morteza , Sinyor Mark , Kabir Ali , Shamshiri Ahmadreza
Published: January 2022

Objective:

This review aimed to measure the degree of placebo response in panic disorder.

Data Sources:

We searched major databases up to 31 January 2021, for randomized pharmacotherapy trials published in English.

Study Selection:

A total of 43 studies met inclusion criteria to be in the analysis (with 174 separate outcome measurements).

Data Extraction:

Changes in outcome measures from baseline in the placebo group were used to estimate modified Cohen’s d effect size.

Results:

A total of 43 trials (2392 subjects, 174 outcomes using 27 rating scales) were included in the meta-analysis. Overall placebo effect size was 0.57 (95% confidence interval = [0.50, 0.64]), heterogeneity ( I2: 96.3%). Higher placebo effect size was observed among clinician-rated scales compared to patient reports (0.75 vs 0.35) and among general symptom and anxiety scales compared to panic symptoms and depression scales (0.92 and 0.64 vs 0.56 and 0.54, respectively). There was an upward trend in effect size over the publication period ( r = 0.02, p = 0.002) that was only significant among clinician-rated scales ( r = 0.02, p = 0.011). There was no significant publication bias, Egger’s test ( p = 0.08).

Conclusion:

We observed a substantial placebo effect size in panic disorder. This effect was more prominent for some aspects of panic disorder psychopathology than for others and was correlated with the source of the assessment and publication year. This finding has implications both for research design, to address the heterogeneity and diversity in placebo responses, and for clinical practice to ensure optimal quality of care.

Systematic review registration number:

PROSPERO, CRD42019125979.
Is burnout simply a stress reaction?
Authors: Parker Gordon , Tavella Gabriela
Published: January 2022

Whether burnout is synonymous with stress is a question of clinical importance when considering the nosological status and management of both states. The biological changes associated with both stress and burnout suggest considerable overlap. However, we argue that the widespread acceptance by the lay community of burnout as a distinct and relatable syndrome suggests it is worthy of independent designation.
Resilience Decoded: The Role of Firms, Global Value Chains, and the State in COVID-19 Medical Supplies
Authors: Gereffi Gary , Pananond Pavida , Pedersen Torben
Published: January 2022

This article examines the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on resilience. Resilience is not a one-dimensional concept but has different meanings at the levels of the firm (operational efficiency), the global value chain (appropriate governance), and the nation-state (national security). It illustrates resilience dynamics through lessons from case studies of four medical supply products—rubber gloves, face masks, ventilators, and vaccines. It explores how each adjusted to disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and presents key strategies that can guide managers and policymakers in building resilience for future supply chain disruptions.
Bias for Treatment Effect by Measurement Error in Pretest in ANCOVA Analysis
Authors: Miyazaki Yasuo , Kamata Akihito , Uekawa Kazuaki , Sun Yizhi
Published: January 2022

This paper investigated consequences of measurement error in the pretest on the estimate of the treatment effect in a pretest–posttest design with the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model, focusing on both the direction and magnitude of its bias. Some prior studies have examined the magnitude of the bias due to measurement error and suggested ways to correct it. However, none of them clarified how the direction of bias is affected by measurement error. This study analytically derived a formula for the asymptotic bias for the treatment effect. The derived formula is a function of the reliability of the pretest, the standardized population group mean difference for the pretest, and the correlation between pretest and posttest true scores. It revealed a concerning consequence of ignoring measurement errors in pretest scores: treatment effects could be overestimated or underestimated, and positive treatment effects can be estimated as negative effects in certain conditions. A simulation study was also conducted to verify the derived bias formula.
Diagnostic Classification Model for Forced-Choice Items and Noncognitive Tests
Authors: Huang Hung-Yu
Published: January 2022

The forced-choice (FC) item formats used for noncognitive tests typically develop a set of response options that measure different traits and instruct respondents to make judgments among these options in terms of their preference to control the response biases that are commonly observed in normative tests. Diagnostic classification models (DCMs) can provide information regarding the mastery status of test takers on latent discrete variables and are more commonly used for cognitive tests employed in educational settings than for noncognitive tests. The purpose of this study is to develop a new class of DCM for FC items under the higher-order DCM framework to meet the practical demands of simultaneously controlling for response biases and providing diagnostic classification information. By conducting a series of simulations and calibrating the model parameters with a Bayesian estimation, the study shows that, in general, the model parameters can be recovered satisfactorily with the use of long tests and large samples. More attributes improve the precision of the second-order latent trait estimation in a long test, but decrease the classification accuracy and the estimation quality of the structural parameters. When statements are allowed to load on two distinct attributes in paired comparison items, the specific-attribute condition produces better a parameter estimation than the overlap-attribute condition. Finally, an empirical analysis related to work-motivation measures is presented to demonstrate the applications and implications of the new model.
Human Factors and Ergonomics in Healthcare: Industry Demands and a Path Forward
Authors: Keebler Joseph R. , Rosen Michael A. , Sittig Dean F. , Thomas Eric , Salas Eduardo
Published: January 2022

This article reviews three industry demands that will impact the future of Human Factors and Ergonomics in Healthcare settings. These demands include the growing population of older adults, the increasing use of telemedicine, and a focus on patient-centered care. Following, we discuss a path forward through improved medical teams, error management, and safety testing of medical devices and tools. Future challenges are discussed.
Fibre failure assessment in carbon fibre reinforced polymers under tensile loading using in situ synchrotron X-ray computed tomography
Authors: Rosini Sebastian , Mavrogordato Mark N , Takano Tsuneo , Sugiura Naoki , Spearing S Mark , Sinclair Ian
Published: January 2022

In situ synchrotron radiation computed tomography (SRCT) was used to compare the fibre damage progression in five configurations of (902/02)s carbon-epoxy coupons loaded to failure. The effects of different sizing types, surface treatments and fibre diameters on the macroscopic properties, for example, ultimate tensile strength (UTS), and on the damage accumulation at a microscopic scale, for example, fibre break accumulation, were assessed. A semi-automated approach was adopted to process the large amount of data obtained from the SRCT scans and further method applicability areas can be envisaged. Single fibre break accumulation was seen to be influenced by the fibre type, while the formation of interacting fibre break groups by the surface treatment and the sizing type. For the materials presented, it can be suggested that an increased defect tolerance can be obtained by moving from stronger to weaker fibre-matrix adhesion, with sub-critical multiplet behaviour emerging as independent of the average UTS value.
The Translanguaging Pedagogies Continuum
Authors: Parra Marcela Ossa , Proctor Patrick
Published: January 2022

Translanguaging pedagogy is an approach to educational equity that harnesses multilingual learners’ communicative repertoires (e.g., home languages, non-standard varieties, and gestures) by strategically incorporating them in the classroom to ensure students’ active participation and meaningful learning. This paper proposes a research-informed continuum that captures a range of possibilities for integrating translanguaging in language and literacy instruction. This continuum provides insight into how educators may make socially just instructional and curricular decisions that are based on recognizing multilingual students' languages, cultures, and ways of knowing as valuable assets in the classroom.
Crossover Effects of Education on Health within Married Couples
Authors: Halpern-Manners Andrew , Hernandez Elaine M. , Wilbur Tabitha G.
Published: January 2022

Although empirical work has shown that personal and spousal education are both related to health, the nature of these associations has been harder to establish. People select into marriages on the basis of observed and hard-to-observe characteristics, complicating the job of the researcher who wishes to make causal inferences. In this article, we implement a within-sibling-pair design that exploits variation within pairs in spousal education to generate estimates of spousal crossover effects. Results—based on a long-term study of siblings and their spouses—suggest that spousal education is positively related to health, but to a greater degree for women than men. Sensitivity analyses show that these patterns are unlikely to derive from measured differences between individuals or unmeasured characteristics that sort them into unions. These results are consistent with network-based theories of social capital, which view education as a resource that can be mobilized by network ties to enhance health.
Structural Racism and Quantitative Causal Inference: A Life Course Mediation Framework for Decomposing Racial Health Disparities
Authors: Graetz Nick , Boen Courtney E. , Esposito Michael H.
Published: January 2022

Quantitative studies of racial health disparities often use static measures of self-reported race and conventional regression estimators, which critics argue is inconsistent with social-constructivist theories of race, racialization, and racism. We demonstrate an alternative counterfactual approach to explain how multiple racialized systems dynamically shape health over time, examining racial inequities in cardiometabolic risk in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. This framework accounts for the dynamics of time-varying confounding and mediation that is required in operationalizing a “race” variable as part of a social process ( racism) rather than a separable, individual characteristic. We decompose the observed disparity into three types of effects: a controlled direct effect (“unobserved racism”), proportions attributable to interaction (“racial discrimination”), and pure indirect effects (“emergent discrimination”). We discuss the limitations of counterfactual approaches while highlighting how they can be combined with critical theories to quantify how interlocking systems produce racial health inequities.
Co-Occurrence of Reading and Writing Difficulties: The Application of the Interactive Dynamic Literacy Model
Authors: Kim Young-Suk Grace
Published: January 2022

This article presents the application of the interactive dynamic literacy (IDL) model (Kim, 2020b) toward understanding difficulties in learning to read and write. According to the IDL model, reading and writing are part of communicative acts that draw on largely shared processes and skills as well as unique processes and skills. As such, reading and writing are dissociable but interdependent systems that have hierarchical, interactive, and dynamic relations. These key tenets of the IDL model are applied to the disruption of reading and writing development to explain co-occurrence of reading–writing difficulties using a single framework. The following hypotheses are presented: (a) co-occurrence between word reading and spelling and handwriting difficulties; (b) co-occurrence of dyslexia with written composition difficulties; (c) co-occurrence between reading comprehension and written composition difficulties; (d) co-occurrence of language difficulties with reading difficulties and writing difficulties; (e) co-occurrence of reading, writing, and language difficulties with weak domain-general skills or executive functions such as working memory and attentional control (including attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder [ADHD]); and (f) multiple pathways for reading and writing difficulties. Implications are discussed.
Age of Acquisition and Spoken Words: Examining Hemispheric Differences in Lexical Processing
Authors: González-Alvarez Julio , Cervera-Crespo Teresa
Published: January 2022

The relationship between the age of acquisition (AoA) of words and their cerebral hemispheric representation is controversial because the experimental results have been contradictory. However, most of the lexical processing experiments were performed with stimuli consisting of written words. If we want to compare the processing of words learned very early in infancy—when children cannot read—with words learned later, it seems more logical to employ spoken words as experimental stimuli. This study, based on the auditory lexical decision task, used spoken words that were classified according to an objective criterion of AoA with extremely distant means (2.88 vs. 9.28 years old). As revealed by the reaction times, both early and late words were processed more efficiently in the left hemisphere, with no AoA × Hemisphere interaction. The results are discussed from a theoretical point of view, considering that all the experiments were conducted using adult participants.
Homework completion program in Atlantic County, NJ: The first five years
Authors: Tang Connie M , Colon Merydawilda , Swenson Brilla Heather
Published: January 2022

This research examined the Homework Completion Program in Atlantic County, NJ, where college students and police officers tutored children with homework. Children ( N = 154) reported their impression of police officers and perception of the program. Across 5 years and three program sites, children chose completing homework as the best part about the program and they mostly reported feeling happy when seeing a police officer and finding police officers if they needed help. In summary, the program has shown promise in achieving the goals of preparing children for a college education and building trust between children and police officers.
The Influence of State-Level Contextual Factors on State/Federal System Vocational Rehabilitation Employment Outcomes for Persons With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Degeneffe Charles Edmund , Tucker Mark , Ross Meredith , Umucu Emre
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this exploratory study was to develop a preliminary understanding of the influence of state-level contextual factors predictive of employment outcomes for the U.S. State/Federal Vocational Rehabilitation System (State VR) participants with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants were 5,213 individuals with TBI with Individualized Plans for Employment closed during federal Fiscal Year 2016. A four-step hierarchical logistic regression model (5.6% explained variance) containing five demographic, three state-level economic, six state TBI service climate, and nine State VR service variable expenditures correctly classified 57.0% of cases as attaining or not attaining an employment outcome at closure. Significant predictors associated with an employment closure were (a) education, veteran status, and presence of a secondary area of disability impairment; (b) state-level per-capita income; (c) State VR specialized acquired brain injury (ABI)/TBI service and state TBI Implementation Partnership grant funding; and (d) State VR service expenditures on diagnosis and treatment, occupational or vocational training, on-the-job training, job readiness training, transportation, maintenance support, and benefits counseling. The practice, policy, and research implications of these findings are presented.
Empowering Transition-Age Students to Use Self-Determination Assessment to Lead IEP Goal Development
Authors: Raley Sheida K. , Hagiwara Mayumi , Shogren Karrie A. , Matusevich Hunter
Published: January 2022

Self-determination is a predictor of positive in- and post-school outcomes, including access to general education, competitive employment, and community participation. Emerging research has focused on promoting self-determination for all students given alignments with college and career readiness frameworks and equity-based education. However, it is also important to enhance self-determination as students participate in the Individualized Education Program (IEP) goal development process. Empowering transition-age students to lead the IEP goal development process with support from school personnel has the potential to enhance the alignment of IEP goals based on students’ strengths, preferences, values, and needs and enhance transition planning and college and career readiness. In this article, we provide an example of how to use a self-determination assessment, the Self-Determination Inventory: Student Report (SDI:SR), and an intervention, the Self-Determined Learning Model of Instruction (SDLMI), in the IEP goal development and implementation process to enhance transition planning and college and career readiness.
Microteaching: An Opportunity for Meaningful Professional Development
Authors: Kroeger Stephen D. , Doyle Kathryn , Carnahan Christina , Benson Andrew G.
Published: January 2022

Microteaching is a way of doing professional development for teachers wanting to incorporate new evidence-based and high-leverage practices into their instructional toolboxes. Given how much work is required in teaching and the limited time professionals have available, microteaching is an accessible process that supports instructional improvement by practicing evidence-based and high leverage strategies. Professionals, working with a small group of peers, engage a four-phase process that includes planning, enactment of a strategy, as well as individual and group reflection. Professionals use the opportunity to explore a teaching strategy that is responsive to student needs in the context of critical friends. Having an opportunity to try it out before introducing it in the classroom can be a valuable way to work out bugs, discover aspects that need development, and build a sense of efficacy. Microteaching is a way to support collegial growth by seeing into each other’s classroom practice.
Would Travel Experiences or Possessions Make People Happier?
Authors: Yang Wan , Zhang Ye , Wang Yao-Chin
Published: January 2022

To inform consumption choices bring people greater happiness, it is necessary to identify the types of consumption with greater happiness-generating potential. Using an experimental design, this research demonstrates that tourism experiences tend to cultivate happiness better than possessions, by empirically testing a potential underlying mechanism of such superiority—tourism’s potential to cultivate eudaimonia (i.e., the more enduring form of happiness that accounts for the bigger picture beyond the self) without explicit eudaimonic motives. The mechanism can aid the identification of forms of consumption that maximize happiness. This research makes multi-faceted contributions to the tourism and consumption literature on eudaimonia and happiness promotion, including how its revealed potential in implicitly cultivating eudaimonia renders tourism a better consumption choice than material possessions for happiness maximization. Practically, the study suggests how tourism experiences can be designed and marketed to capitalize on the eudaimonic potential.
Planning Horizon in International Travel Decision-Making: The Role of Individual and Cultural Determinants
Authors: Backhaus Christof , Heussler Tobias , Croce Valeria
Published: January 2022

A solid understanding of when travel decisions are made in relation to travelers’ planning horizons is crucial for travel service providers. Despite its importance, there are very few empirical studies investigating the planning horizon and its antecedents in travel research literature. This study contributes to bridging this gap by conceptualizing a two-level model of antecedents of travelers’ planning horizons. In addition to individual traveler- and trip-related aspects, the model provides a cross-cultural perspective on international travelers’ planning horizons by including uncertainty avoidance, individualism, and long-term orientation as cultural-level antecedents. Drawing on a nested dataset of 4,074 international travelers from 17 countries worldwide, the results of a two-level hierarchical regression model show that, in addition to individual-level aspects, cultural antecedents play an important role in determining planning horizons. Based on the empirical results, the paper discusses implications for theory and travel service providers.
The Matching Effect of Destinations’ Crisis Communication
Authors: Zhang Jiangchi , Xie Chaowu , Chen Yanying , Dai You-De , Yi-Jun Wang
Published: January 2022

The match between destinations’ crisis communication sources and crisis types, and their impacts on tourists’ travel intentions, has not yet been investigated. This research explored the effect of destinations’ crisis communication on tourists’ travel intentions based on different crisis types (i.e., victimized and preventable crises) and communication sources (i.e., from the government, businesses, and other tourists). Results showed that crisis type had a matching effect on the impact process of crisis communication sources on tourists’ travel intentions. In addition, the mediation effects of tourists’ heuristic processing and perceived safety on destinations’ crisis communication–tourists’ travel intentions were confirmed. This study uncovered a matching effect of destinations’ crisis communication sources and crisis types. Results offer valuable theoretical and practical implications regarding destinations’ crisis communication agendas, crisis communication systems, and strategies for alleviating negative consequences of crises.
Does Sincere Social Interaction Stimulate Tourist Immersion? A Conservation of Resources Perspective
Authors: Jiang ZiMing , Tu HongWei
Published: January 2022

Drawing on conservation of resources (COR) theory, this study examines how and when sincere social interaction affects tourist immersion at the destination. We develop a moderated mediation model in which emotional solidarity mediates the relationship between sincere social interaction and tourist immersion, while extraversion moderates the link between sincere social interaction and emotional solidarity. Data were collected from 391 tourists via an online survey and were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicate that sincere social interaction directly influences tourist immersion, and this relationship is mediated by emotional solidarity. Furthermore, extraversion significantly moderates the effects of sincere social interaction on emotional solidarity, and this effect is stronger for tourists with high extraversion scores. Additionally, extraversion strengthens the indirect link between sincere social interaction and tourist immersion, and again, the link is stronger for highly extraverted tourists.
The “Supermen” Club: Organizational Secrecy and Masculine Identity in an Israeli National Security Organization
Authors: Kepten Aluma
Published: January 2022

How does secrecy shape narratives of militarized hegemonic masculinity? This article assesses a gap at the intersection between theories of masculinities and organizational secrecy. Supported by 15 interviews with current and former male workers of a covert section of an Israeli national security organization, it argues that secrecy is experienced as both an external hurdle and a central component to the way that men internalize masculinity. Unable to access social capital outside the security organization, the respondents of the study construct a social field inside it through which they can assert their masculinity. They do so by conceptualizing their jobs, themselves, and the organization through a prism of sacrificial warriorhood, and actively incorporate secrecy’s constraints into a narrative of “super-men”. This study thus examines secrecy in the context of a militarized environment, showing the experience of masculinity and a perceived lack of power-access among members of a dominant group.
Red Tape, Rule Legitimacy, and Public Service Motivation: Experimental Evidence From Korean Citizens
Authors: Ahn Yongjin , Campbell Jesse W.
Published: January 2022

While legitimacy plays a key role in determining if a public sector rule or process objectively qualifies as red tape, it is unclear if legitimacy shapes subjective red tape judgments. We use a sample of South Korean citizens and a vignette-based survey experiment describing applying for a small business COVID-19 relief fund to test the relevance of rule legitimacy for perceived red tape. We find that obtaining a favorable outcome (receiving the fund) reduces perceived red tape, but that neither input nor output legitimacy plays a consistent role. Second, we find that public service motivation moderates the role of both input and output legitimacy on perceived red tape, though in different directions. For those with high levels of public service motivation, output legitimacy reduces perceived red tape. However, for the same group, input legitimacy increases it. We provide a detailed discussion of the contributions of our study.
Knowledge management activities: Conceptual foundations and research issues
Authors: Edgar William B , Albright Kendra S
Published: January 2022

Knowledge is a broad concept whose epistemological construct has been debated since the days of the early Greek philosophers. Knowledge was discussed extensively during the Renaissance, became a central area of study during the Scientific Revolution and was applied extensively within organisations throughout the Industrial Revolution. Knowledge became an organisational resource of significant interest, emerging over the past 25 years as a unique field of study called knowledge management (KM). Much of the KM literature addresses matters of practice and application; what is missing is a deep and conceptual analysis of the activities that drive KM processes. This article provides a conceptualisation of KM activities focusing on the underlying foundations of these activities. The result is a rich framework of KM activities that can be used to pursue important research areas involved in studying KM processes, including theory development, areas of overlap and where further research is needed.
Student Parents or Parent Students in Lockdown Pandemic? A Third Space approach
Authors: Nikiforidou Zoi , Holmes Sarah
Published: January 2022

The pandemic has affected families in many ways. Parents, who at the same time are studying, tend to be an under-represented cohort of adult learners, and in this study, their experiences and reflections, on how they navigated through their dual identities during lockdown, are explored. Through an online survey, 91 student parents from 20 different higher education institutions in the United Kingdom shared their views as to how they balanced their parenting and studying responsibilities during lockdown in early 2021. Findings indicate how student parents felt both their roles were impacted rather negatively, but also how the pandemic provided them opportunities for bridging and resisting binaries, through the emergence of a Third Space (Bhabha, H. K. (1994). The location of culture. New York, NY: Routledge; Soja, E. W. (1996). Third space: Journeys to Los Angeles and other real-and-imagined places. Malden, MA: Blackwell). The study shows how student parents re-positioned their identities, identified ways to manage disruptions caused by the lockdown and acknowledged family time and family relationships as very important.
Obituary: Dr Gordon Charles Hard (1931-2021)
Authors: Cohen Samuel M. , Haschek-Hock Wanda M. , Alden Carl
Published: January 2022

Dr Gordon Hard, of Tairua, New Zealand, a preeminent international toxicology thought leader and international consultant in toxicologic pathology of the kidney, passed on November 22, 2021. He was a key player in shaping and developing the global field of toxicologic pathology and the role of toxicologic pathology in risk assessment of environmental chemicals and pharmaceuticals.
What is planning without property? Relational practices of being and belonging
Authors: Dorries Heather
Published: January 2022

What is planning without property? This question was recently posed to me following a conference presentation. In this paper, I argue that taking this question seriously reveals unchallenged assumptions about the relationship between planning and property. Focusing on Canada as a settler colonial liberal democracy, I respond to this question by looking at the Indian Act which has supported colonial dispossession and assimilation in Canada for almost 200 years and rely on Brenna Bhandar’s conceptualization of “racial regimes of property” as a means of examining how racial subjects and private property are co-produced. I then look to the practices reflected in the creation of Nadia Myre's artwork Indian Act to show how Indigenous epistemologies can aid in the conceptualization of planning without property. I argue that planning without property would be an approach to planning that would be focused on identifying, making, and strengthening the human and more-than-human relationships the flourishing of life requires. Thus, planning without property would support practices of being and belonging rather than practices of exclusion and domination.
Experiences of families involving a parent with progressive deafblindness
Authors: Damen Saskia , van Zadelhoff Ilse , Tijsseling Corrie
Published: January 2022

Usher syndrome is a progressive form of deafblindness, which can have significant psychological consequences. This study aimed to get insight in the perceived impact of Usher syndrome type 2 (USH2) on families with a parent affected by this syndrome, and in the experiences of these families with social, professional, and peer support. Participants were 10 parents with USH2 living in the Netherlands, 10 of their co-parents, and 10 of their children. The parents filled in questionnaires and participated in a semi-structured interview. A photo-elicitation interview and a semi-structured interview were administered to the children. Interviews were transcribed and systematically coded, using thematic and open coding. Parents rated the family’s quality of life in general as satisfactory. Both negative and positive consequences were described of USH2 for the family. Parents without USH2 and their children stated to provide support to the parent with USH2, which was often described as self-evident. Some parents without USH2, however, described their family tasks as a burden. Some parents also reported that psychological problems of the parent with USH2 affected the well-being of other family members. Several parents and some children expressed that the syndrome was hardly discussed within the family. Unfulfilled family support needs were mentioned, a lack of involvement of family members in the professional support, as well as a lack of professional and peer support for children and partners. This study revealed that USH2 in a parent has impact on the entire family. Family-centred approaches are recommended for professionals who support parents with Usher syndrome.
A survey of mobile app use among university students with visual impairment in India
Authors: Pandey Yogendra , Lee Jaehoon , Banda Devender R , Griffin-Shirley Nora , Nguyen The , Othuon Vitalis
Published: January 2022

Mobile phones/devices are an important part of our daily lives for sighted people and those with visual impairment (VI) in India. This study explores how Indian university students use and perceive mobile apps and identify the challenges in their usage. A paper-based survey was administered for 124 college students who were legally blind. The survey had items relating to sociodemographic information, use of mobile devices and apps, and the use of apps specifically designed for persons with VI. Results show that, on average, the participants with VI have been using a mobile device for more than 5 years. Many participants used Android devices and free apps. In addition, they found that the mobile apps were user-friendly and accessible. Results also found that Facebook and WhatsApp are more frequently used. Participants had a high level of self-efficacy and positive attitudes toward special apps for VI. Android devices are popular in India because of lower cost compared to iOS devices. Results are discussed, and implications for practice are provided.
Daily social media use, social ties, and emotional well-being in later life
Authors: Kim Yijung K. , Fingerman Karen L.
Published: January 2022

Older American adults are increasingly utilizing communication technologies, but research has seldom explored older adults’ daily social media use and its interface with other “offline” social ties. To explore a complementary and/or compensatory function of social media in later life, this study employed data from the Daily Experiences and Well-Being Study (2016–2017) to examine associations between daily social media use, daily social encounters, social network structure, and daily mood. Community-dwelling older adults ( N = 310; Mage = 73.96) reported on their overall social network structure (diversity in types of social ties and size of network), their daily social encounters in-person and by phone, social media use, and emotional well-being for 5 to 6 days. Multilevel models revealed that daily social media use was associated with daily mood in the context of daily social encounters and the size of the social network. Individuals reported less negative mood on days with more social media use and more in-person encounters. More daily social media use was associated with more positive mood for individuals with a relatively small social network but not for their counterparts with larger social networks. Findings suggest that social media is a distinct form of social resource in later life that may complement the emotional benefits of daily social encounters and compensate for the age-related reduction in social network size. Future research should consider how socially isolated older adults might use computer-mediated communication such as social media to foster a sense of social connection.
Engaging symbiotic ecosystems to build community centred business models for the BoP: Evidence from small social enterprises in East Africa
Authors: Sottini Andrea , Ciambotti Giacomo , Littlewood David
Published: January 2022

This article examines how small social enterprises (SSEs) in East Africa build business models for base of the pyramid (BoP) markets, through engaging symbiotic ecosystems. Through in-depth qualitative research, a three-stage process is identified. First, SSEs learn and become sensitised to the manifold challenges of building business models for BoP markets. Second, SSEs identify and connect with key BoP actors, weaving them together to create a symbiotic ecosystem and to overcome the aforementioned challenges. Third, SSEs harness this symbiotic ecosystem to deliver community-centred business models for the BoP. This research contributes to social entrepreneurship, small business, and BoP literatures, by shedding light on the challenges faced by SSEs working in the BoP, and through novel elaboration of how SSEs develop and interact with symbiotic ecosystems to surmount these challenges. It also provides important practical insights, for social entrepreneurs and social enterprise managers in Africa and elsewhere.