bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An in vitro culture platform for studying the effect of collective cell migration on spatial self-organization within induced pluripotent stem cell colonies
Authors: Kim Mee-Hae , Kuroda Masaki , Ke Ding , Thanuthanakhun Naruchit , Kino-oka Masahiro
Published: March 2023

Background

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) provide an in vitro system to identify the impact of cell behavior on the earliest stages of cell fate specification during human development. Here, we developed an hiPSC-based model to study the effect of collective cell migration in meso–endodermal lineage segregation and cell fate decisions through the control of space confinement using a detachable ring culture system.

Results

The actomyosin organization of cells at the edge of undifferentiated colonies formed in a ring barrier differed from that of the cells in the center of the colony. In addition, even in the absence of exogenous supplements, ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm, and extraembryonic cells differentiated following the induction of collective cell migration at the colony edge by removing the ring-barrier. However, when collective cell migration was inhibited by blocking E-cadherin function, this fate decision within an hiPSC colony was altered to an ectodermal fate. Furthermore, the induction of collective cell migration at the colony edge using an endodermal induction media enhanced endodermal differentiation efficiency in association with cadherin switching, which is involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that collective cell migration can be an effective way to drive the segregation of mesoderm and endoderm lineages, and cell fate decisions of hiPSCs.
Clinical values of serum Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) in medication‑related osteonecrosis of the jaw
Authors: Mu Hong , Pang Ying , Liu Lili , Liu Jingbo , Liu Chunsheng
Published: March 2023

Background

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are widely used in clinical practice to prevent and treat bone metabolism-related diseases. Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is one of the major sequelae of BPs use. Early prediction and intervention of MRONJ are of great significance.

Methods

Ninety-seven patients currently on treatment with BPs or with a history of BPs usage and 45 healthy volunteers undergoing dentoalveolar surgery were included in this study. Participants' serum Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) levels were measured and analyzed before participants underwent surgery (T0) and after a 12-month follow-up (T1). Kruskal–Wallis test and ROC analysis were used to examine the predictive effect of Sema4D on MRONJ.

Results

Sema4D levels in serum of patients corresponding to confirmed MRONJ were significantly lower at both T0 and T1 time points compared to non-MRONJ and healthy controls. Sema4D has a statistically predictive effect on the occurrence and diagnosis of MRONJ. Serum Sema4D levels were significantly reduced in MRONJ class 3 patients. MRONJ patients who received intravenous BPs had significantly lower Sema4D levels than those who received oral BPs.

Conclusion

Serum Sema4D level has predictive value for the onset of MRONJ in BPs users within 12 weeks after dentoalveolar surgery.
Holobiont Urbanism: sampling urban beehives reveals cities’ metagenomes
Authors: Hénaff Elizabeth , Najjar Devora , Perez Miguel , Flores Regina , Woebken Christopher , Mason Christopher E. , Slavin Kevin
Published: March 2023

Background

Over half of the world’s population lives in urban areas with, according to the United Nations, nearly 70% expected to live in cities by 2050. Our cities are built by and for humans, but are also complex, adaptive biological systems involving a diversity of other living species. The majority of these species are invisible and constitute the city’s microbiome. Our design decisions for the built environment shape these invisible populations, and as inhabitants we interact with them on a constant basis. A growing body of evidence shows us that human health and well-being are dependent on these interactions. Indeed, multicellular organisms owe meaningful aspects of their development and phenotype to interactions with the microorganisms—bacteria or fungi—with which they live in continual exchange and symbiosis. Therefore, it is meaningful to establish microbial maps of the cities we inhabit. While the processing and sequencing of environmental microbiome samples can be high-throughput, gathering samples is still labor and time intensive, and can require mobilizing large numbers of volunteers to get a snapshot of the microbial landscape of a city.

Results

Here we postulate that honeybees may be effective collaborators in gathering samples of urban microbiota, as they forage daily within a 2-mile radius of their hive. We describe the results of a pilot study conducted with three rooftop beehives in Brooklyn, NY, where we evaluated the potential of various hive materials (honey, debris, hive swabs, bee bodies) to reveal information as to the surrounding metagenomic landscape, and where we conclude that the bee debris are the richest substrate. Based on these results, we profiled 4 additional cities through collected hive debris: Sydney, Melbourne, Venice and Tokyo. We show that each city displays a unique metagenomic profile as seen by honeybees. These profiles yield information relevant to hive health such as known bee symbionts and pathogens. Additionally, we show that this method can be used for human pathogen surveillance, with a proof-of-concept example in which we recover the majority of virulence factor genes for Rickettsia felis, a pathogen known to be responsible for “cat scratch fever”.

Conclusions

We show that this method yields information relevant to hive health and human health, providing a strategy to monitor environmental microbiomes on a city scale. Here we present the results of this study, and discuss them in terms of architectural implications, as well as the potential of this method for epidemic surveillance.
Two-fold anisotropic superconducting state in topological superconductor Sn4Au
Authors: Sharma M. M. , Gurjar Ganesh , Patnaik S. , Awana V. P. S.
Published: March 2023

Here we report the anisotropic magnetotransport properties in the superconducting state of a Sn4Au single crystal. The Sn4Au single crystal is synthesized through an easy melt growth method. Superconducting properties are evidenced from resistivity vs. temperature (ρ-T) and DC magnetization measurements. Isothermal magnetization measurements (M-H) hint toward type-II superconductivity in Sn4Au. In-plane and out-of-plane ρ-H measurements show anisotropic behavior of the upper critical field at temperatures below superconducting transition (T
c = 2.3 K). The observed anisotropy is more elucidated in ρ-H measurements performed below

at different tilt angles. The anisotropy parameter

is found to be 1.26. The observed results show the presence of a two-fold anisotropic superconducting state in the Sn4Au single crystal, which may be induced due to the layered structure of the synthesized Sn4Au single crystal.
Birotor hydrodynamic microswimmers: From single to collective behaviour(a)
Authors: Mecke Joscha , Ripoll Marisol
Published: March 2023

A microswimmer composed of two oppositely rotating strongly coupled colloids in solution is here termed as birotor and investigated by means of hydrodynamic simulations. The related flow fields, swimmer velocities, and rotational diffusion are controlled by the properties of the fluid, the swimmer geometry, rotation frequency, and also by the substrate friction. Resulting from mutual hydrodynamic and steric interactions, birotor pairs might follow one another, or more frequently rotate around each other. For larger number of interacting swimmers the continuous formation and dissolution of small and rotating aggregates dominates the collective dynamics. The birotors motion is hydrodynamically enhanced at short distances, such that the average velocity of the swimmers shows to increase with density for the investigated range of densities. This is compensated by a decrease of rotational diffusive time, making that the overall effective diffusion decreases with density. These results constitute the first systematic analysis of the birotor microswimmer, which could be also further modified as an easy to manipulate active particle for various potential applications.
A Mesp1-dependent developmental breakpoint in transcriptional and epigenomic specification of early cardiac precursors
Authors: Krup Alexis Leigh , Winchester Sarah A. B. , Ranade Sanjeev S. , Agrawal Ayushi , Devine W. Patrick , Sinha Tanvi , Choudhary Krishna , Dominguez Martin H. , Thomas Reuben , Black Brian L. , Srivastava Deepak , Bruneau Benoit G.
Published: March 2023

Transcriptional networks governing cardiac precursor cell (CPC) specification are incompletely understood owing, in part, to limitations in distinguishing CPCs from non-cardiac mesoderm in early gastrulation. We leveraged detection of early cardiac lineage transgenes within a granular single-cell transcriptomic time course of mouse embryos to identify emerging CPCs and describe their transcriptional profiles. Mesp1, a transiently expressed mesodermal transcription factor, is canonically described as an early regulator of cardiac specification. However, we observed perdurance of CPC transgene-expressing cells in Mesp1 mutants, albeit mislocalized, prompting us to investigate the scope of the role of Mesp1 in CPC emergence and differentiation. Mesp1 mutant CPCs failed to robustly activate markers of cardiomyocyte maturity and crucial cardiac transcription factors, yet they exhibited transcriptional profiles resembling cardiac mesoderm progressing towards cardiomyocyte fates. Single-cell chromatin accessibility analysis defined a Mesp1-dependent developmental breakpoint in cardiac lineage progression at a shift from mesendoderm transcriptional networks to those necessary for cardiac patterning and morphogenesis. These results reveal Mesp1-independent aspects of early CPC specification and underscore a Mesp1-dependent regulatory landscape required for progression through cardiogenesis.
Το υμνογραφκό έργο του Μητροφάνη Σμύρνης
Authors: Τόμας Ιωάννης
Published: March 2023

Ο Μητροφάνης μητροπολίτης Σμύρνης δραστηριοποιήθηκε το δεύτερο μισό του ενάτου αιώνα. Ήταν ένθερμος υποστηρικτής του πατριάρχη Ιγνατίου. Εξορίστηκε δύο φορές στη χερσόνησο της Κριμαίας, αλλά μετά τον θάνατο του Ιγνατίου και την αποκατάσταση του Φωτίου δεν επέστρεψε ποτέ στην έδρα του. Στο συγγραφικό του έργο εκτός των ύμνων περιλαμβάνονται, επιστολές, εγκώμια, ομιλίες, διαλέξεις και σχόλια σε ψαλμούς, ενώ το γνωστό υμνογραφικό του έργο αποτελείται από δεκαπέντε ασματικούς κανόνες (οκτώ στην Αγία Τριάδα, έξι στη Θεοτόκο και έναν στην οσία Ξένη) και έναν ανακρεόντειο ύμνο αφιερωμένο στην Αγία Τριάδα. Στην παρούσα έρευνα εντοπίστηκαν σε χειρόγραφους κώδικες στο όνομα του Μητροφάνη και δημοσιεύθηκαν για πρώτη φορά έξι ασματικοί κανόνες (τέσσερις στη Θεοτόκο, ένας στον άγιο Παφνούτιο και ένας στους αγίους Μηνά, Βίκτωρα και Βικέντιο) και δεκαέξι στιχηρά προσόμοια στη Θεοτόκο σε ήχο δεύτερο. Επίσης δημοσιεύθηκαν για πρώτη φορά είκοσι οκτώ μεσώδια καθίσματα που εντοπίστηκαν στους γνωστούς τριαδικούς κανόνες του Μητροφάνη και τριάντα πέντε στιχηρά προσόμοια που ακολουθούσαν τους κανόνες του Μητροφάνη στη Θεοτόκο επειδή πιθανόν ανήκουν στον ίδιο υμνογράφο. Δημοσιεύθηκαν για πρώτη φορά τριάντα πέντε στιχηρά προσόμοια που ακολουθούσαν τους οκτώ γνωστούς τριαδικούς κανόνες του Μητροφάνη, που όπως προέκυψε από τις λεξιλογικές επιλογές, το ύφος και την ομοιότητά τους με τους τριαδικούς κανόνες κατά πάσα πιθανότητα ανήκουν στον ίδιο συγγραφέα. Τέλος, δημοσιεύθηκαν για πρώτη φορά έξι άγνωστοι ασματικοί κανόνες στην Αγία Τριάδα από ενδεχόμενη σειρά κανόνων γραμμένων σε οκταηχία που εντοπίστηκαν σε δύο χειρόγραφους κώδικες που χρονολογούνται τον δέκατο και ενδέκατο αιώνα.
Εφαρμογή προγράμματος παρέμβασης για την ενίσχυση της θετικής πεποίθησης για το στρες υπό το πρίσμα της Θεραπείας Αποδοχής και Δέσμευσης
Authors: Καραμπάς Κωνσταντίνος
Published: March 2023

Σκοπός της παρούσας διατριβής ήταν η σχεδίαση, υλοποίηση και αξιολόγηση ενός προγράμματος παρέμβασης για την αναθεώρηση της πεποίθησης για το στρες υπό το πρίσμα της Θετικής Ψυχολογίας και της Θεραπείας Αποδοχής και Δέσμευσης (ACT). Για να επιτευχθεί ο σκοπός αυτός, πραγματοποιήθηκαν τρείς μελέτες. Η πρώτη είχε ως στόχο τη στάθμιση στο ελληνικό γλωσσικό πολιτισμικό πλαίσιο ενός ψυχομετρικού εργαλείου που μετρά την πεποίθηση για το στρες (Crum et al., 2013). Η δεύτερη μελέτη είχε ως στόχο αφενός τη σχεδίαση ενός διαδικτυακού προγράμματος παρέμβασης για την αλλαγή της πεποίθησης για το στρες και αφετέρου την πιλοτική εφαρμογή του σε ομαδικό πλαίσιο. Τέλος, με βάση τα αποτελέσματα της πιλοτικής έρευνας, η τρίτη μελέτη αφορούσε την αξιολόγηση του προγράμματος παρέμβασης προκειμένου να αποδειχθεί η σταθερότητα των αποτελεσμάτων για μεγάλα χρονικά διαστήματα.Συνολικά, τα ευρήματα της παρούσας διατριβής έδειξαν ότι η ελληνική έκδοση του Ερωτηματολογίου Πεποίθησης για το Στρες (Stress Mindset Measure-SMM) παρουσιάζει ικανοποιητικούς δείκτες αξιοπιστίας και εγκυρότητας, ενώ επίσης εντοπίστηκαν σημαντικές συσχετίσεις της θετικής πεποίθησης για το στρες με την ψυχική ευημερία, την ψυχική ανθεκτικότητα, τα θετικά συναισθήματα, καθώς και θετικούς τρόπους αντίληψης και απόκρισης στο στρες. Επιπλέον, η ανασκόπηση της βιβλιογραφίας, οδήγησε στην πιλοτική εφαρμογή ενός προγράμματος παρέμβασης υπό το πρίσμα της Θετικής Ψυχολογίας και της Θεραπείας Αποδοχής και Δέσμευσης (ACT), με σκοπό την αλλαγή της πεποίθησης για το στρες εν μέσω της πανδημίας COVID-19. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν μια σημαντική μετατόπιση προς τη θετική πλευρά του φάσματος των πεποιθήσεων για το στρες, καθώς και ενίσχυση της ικανοποίησης από τη ζωή, ενώ αντίστοιχα η αρνητική πεποίθηση για το στρες αποδυναμώθηκε. Τέλος η αξιολόγηση του προγράμματος έδειξε ότι παρέμβαση «ReStress Mindset» οδήγησε σε στατιστικά σημαντική αύξηση της θετικής πεποίθησης για το στρες, της ικανοποίησης από τη ζωή και της αυτό-αποτελεσματικότητας έναντι του στρες, καθώς και σε στατιστικά σημαντική μείωση της αρνητικής πεποίθησης για το στρες, με τα αποτελέσματα αυτά να διαρκούν τρεις μήνες μετά την ολοκλήρωση του προγράμματος. Τα ευρήματα της διατριβής συζητήθηκαν ως προς τη συνεισφορά τους στην προαγωγή της επιστημονικής θεωρίας και έρευνας, στην κλινική πράξη, τη συμβουλευτική και την εκπαίδευση. Επιπλέον, συζητήθηκαν οι θεωρητικοί και μεθοδολογικοί περιορισμοί της διατριβής και διατυπώθηκαν προτάσεις για μελλοντικές έρευνες. Συμπερασματικά, η διατριβή αυτή κατέδειξε ότι είναι δυνατή η εφαρμογή παρέμβασης για την καλλιέργεια και τη διατήρηση μιας θετικής πεποίθησης για το στρες, καθώς επίσης την ενίσχυση της ικανοποίησης από τη ζωή και την αυτο-αποτελεσματικότητα έναντι του στρες, ακόμα και κατά τη διάρκεια της πανδημίας του COVID-19 ή εν μέσω οποιασδήποτε άλλης κρίσης.
Πρόσληψη και αξιοποίηση της ελληνικής αρχαιότητας στο πεδίο της εκπαίδευσης και του πολιτισμού από το Καθεστώς της 4ης Αυγούστου
Authors: Σουλακάκης Δημήτριος
Published: March 2023

Στην παρούσα μελέτη διερευνώνται ο τρόπος και τα μέσα πρόσληψης της ελληνικής αρχαιότητας από το καθεστώς της 4ης Αυγούστου. Αξιοποιώντας τα πορίσματα της διεπιστημονικής έρευνας στις σπουδές περί τον φασισμό σχετικά με τη χρήση του κλασικού παρελθόντος από τα ολοκληρωτικά καθεστώτα του Μεσοπολέμου, η διατριβή επιχειρεί να συμπληρώσει το βιβλιογραφικό κενό που εντοπίζεται στην ελληνική περίπτωση, μελετώντας τόσο τον λόγο, όσο και την πολιτική του καθεστώτος σχετικά με την αξιοποίηση του ιστορικού παρελθόντος. Στηριγμένη σε πρωτογενείς πηγές από κρατικά και ιδιωτικά αρχεία και σε εκδόσεις της εποχής, η διατριβή μελετά τη σχέση της μεταξικής δικτατορίας με το αρχαιοελληνικό παρελθόν στον τομέα της εκπαίδευσης και του πολιτισμού, με έμφαση στην πολιτική του θεάτρου, της αρχαιολογίας, του λαϊκού πολιτισμού και των εορταστικών τελετών. Το συμπέρασμα που προέκυψε από την έρευνα είναι ότι το καθεστώς δεν απομακρύνεται από τον τρόπο με τον οποίο είχαν μεθερμηνεύσει την ελληνική αρχαιότητα οι διανοούμενοι της συντηρητικής αστικής τάξης από τις αρχές της δεκαετίας του 1930, αποδίδοντας σε αυτήν τα χαρακτηριστικά της ιδεολογίας τους (εθνοκεντρισμό, ηθικό φρονηματισμό, αντικομμουνισμό, αντικοινοβουλευτισμό κλπ.). Η επιφανειακή αυτή προσέγγιση της ελληνικής αρχαιότητας αποτέλεσε σημαντικό ιδεολογικό βραχίονα για το καθεστώς της 4ης Αυγούστου, το οποίο επιχείρησε να εργαλειοποιήσει το αρχαιοελληνικό παρελθόν, προκειμένου να εδραιώσει τις βασικότερες ιδεολογικές του αιχμές και να νομιμοποιήσει το «αναγεννητικό» όραμα του Γ΄ Ελληνικού Πολιτισμού, που δίνει στην εξουσία του μελλοντικό προσανατολισμό.
Evaluation of Antifungal Activity from Bacillus subtilis strain AS80 Against Pathogenic Fungi Isolated from Hass Avocado Fruits
Authors:   Department of Biology, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand, Suebsan Sugunya ,   Plasma Bioengineering Unit, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand, Mee-u-sah Chanikarn ,   Department of Biology, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand, Suyana Saowarat ,   Department of Biology, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand, Onprachoo Manlika ,   Department of Biology, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand, Sangwijit Kanta ,   Plasma Bioengineering Unit, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand, Anantalabhochai Somboon ,   Department of Biology, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand,   Plasma Bioengineering Unit, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
Published: March 2023

F ruit rot and anthracnose are the main diseases in avocado fruits caused by fungal species. Solving this problem with chemical reagents has led to human health and pollution problems. Therefore, this study was aimed to select antagonistic bacteria to control those pathogenic fungi. The pathogenic fungi were isolated from avocado fruit occurred fruit rot or anthracnose symptoms. Based on morphological characteristics and the BLASTn results of sequences of the internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA, the obtained fungal isolates belonged to three fungal genera, namely Fusarium, Lasiodiplodia and Colletotrichum, which was the most commonly occurring. Pathogenicity tests were evaluated on avocado fruit. Then the rhizosphere bacteria were isolated from the avocado rhizosphere. To study antagonistic activity, 101 bacterial isolates were cultured with five fungal pathogens using dual culture technique. The bacterial isolate AS80 exhibited high potential to against Fusarium sp. (61.7%), Lasiodiplodia sp. (66.7%) and Colletotrichum sp. (74.1%). The strain AS80 was used to evaluate the efficacy control of Fusarium sp. on “Hass” avocado fruit. The in vivo evaluation revealed that AS80 showed high efficacy against Fusarium sp. The 16s ribosomal DNA sequencing indicated that AS80 was similar to Bacillus subtilis (99.53 %). Further study under field conditions should be done to validate their efficacy.
Phase unwrapping using deep learning in holographic tomography
Authors: Gontarz Michał , Dutta Vibekananda , Kujawińska Małgorzata , Krauze Wojciech
Published: March 2023

Holographic tomography (HT) is a measurement technique that generates phase images, often containing high noise levels and irregularities. Due to the nature of phase retrieval algorithms within the HT data processing, the phase has to be unwrapped before tomographic reconstruction. Conventional algorithms lack noise robustness, reliability, speed, and possible automation. In order to address these problems, this work proposes a convolutional neural network based pipeline consisting of two steps: denoising and unwrapping. Both steps are carried out under the umbrella of a U-Net architecture; however, unwrapping is aided by introducing Attention Gates (AG) and Residual Blocks (RB) to the architecture. Through the experiments, the proposed pipeline makes possible the phase unwrapping of highly irregular, noisy, and complex experimental phase images captured in HT. This work proposes phase unwrapping carried out by segmentation with a U-Net network, that is aided by a pre-processing denoising step. It also discusses the implementation of the AGs and RBs in an ablation study. What is more, this is the first deep learning based solution that is trained solely on real images acquired with HT.
Digital-optical co-design enables athermalization of hybrid optical systems
Authors: Mao Shan , Nie Huaile , Zhao Jianlin
Published: March 2023

We proposed a digital-optical co-design that can effectively improve the image quality of refractive-diffractive hybrid imaging systems over a wide ambient temperature range. Diffraction theory was used to establish the degradation model and blind deconvolution image recovery algorithm was used to perform recovery for simulated images. The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM) were used to evaluate the algorithm performance. A cooled athermalization dual-band infrared optical system with a double-layer diffractive optical element (DLDOE) was designed, and the results show an overall improvement for both PSNR and SSIM overall the whole ambient temperature range. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method for the image quality improvement of hybrid optical systems.
Coulomb potential determining terahertz polarization in a two-color laser field
Authors: Gao Yuan , Zhang Yizhu , Zhang Kaixuan , Gan Ziyang , Yan Tian-Min , Jiang Yuhai
Published: March 2023

The orientation and ellipticity of terahertz (THz) polarization generated by a two-color strong field not only casts light on underlying mechanisms of laser–matter interaction, but also plays an important role for various applications. We develop the Coulomb-corrected classical trajectory Monte Carlo (CTMC) method to well reproduce the joint measurements, that the THz polarization generated by the linearly polarized 800 nm and circularly polarized 400 nm fields is independent on two-color phase delay. The trajectory analysis shows that the Coulomb potential twists the THz polarization by deflecting the orientation of asymptotic momentum of electron trajectories. Further, the CTMC calculations predict that, the two-color mid-infrared field can effectively accelerate the electron rapidly away from the parent core to relieve the disturbance of Coulomb potential, and simultaneously create large transverse acceleration of trajectories, leading to the circularly polarized THz radiation.
Quantitative determination of lurbinectedin, its unbound fraction and its metabolites in human plasma utilizing ultra-performance LC–MS/MS
Authors: King Nicholas , Garcia-Martinez Soledad , Alcaraz Eider , Grisalena Alba , Lubomirov Rubin , Altares Raquel , Fernandez-Teruel Carlos , Francesch Andrés M. , Avilés Pablo M. , Fudio Salvador
Published: March 2023

Aims

Ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) methods to quantify total lurbinectedin, its plasma protein binding to derive the unbound fraction and its main metabolites 1′,3′-dihydroxy-lurbinectedin (M4) and N-desmethyl-lurbinectedin (M6) in human plasma, were developed and validated.

Materials & methods

For lurbinectedin, sample extraction was performed using supported liquid extraction. For metabolites, liquid-liquid extraction with stable isotope–labeled analogue internal standards was used. Plasma protein binding was evaluated using rapid equilibrium dialysis. In vitro investigations at different plasma protein concentrations were carried out to estimate dissociation rate constants to albumin and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG).

Results

Calibration curves displayed good linearity over 0.1 to 50 ng/mL for lurbinectedin and 0.5 to 20 ng/mL for the metabolites. Methods were validated in accordance with established guidance.

The inter-day precision and accuracy ranged from 5.1% to 10.7%, and from -5% to 6% (lurbinectedin in plasma); from 3.1% to 6.6%, and from 4% to 6% (lurbinectedin in plasma:PBS); from 4.5% to 12.9%, and from 4% to 9% (M4); and from 7.5% to 10.5%, and from 6% to 12% (M6). All methods displayed good linearity (r2 >0.99). Recovery was evaluated for lurbinectedin in plasma:PBS (66.4% to 86.6%), M4 (7.82% to 13.4%) and M6 (22.2% to 34.3%).

The method for lurbinectedin in plasma has been applied in most clinical studies, while the plasma:PBS and metabolites methods were used to evaluate the impact of special conditions on lurbinectedin PK.

Lurbinectedin plasma protein binding was 99.6% and highly affected by AAG concentration.

Conclusions

These UPLC–MS/MS methods enable the rapid and sensitive quantification of lurbinectedin and its main metabolites in clinical samples.
Scalp Reconstruction Techniques for the General Surgeon – A Case Report
Authors: Vignesh Varma  , Rashmi Sreedhar  , Chetan Gowda  , Bhoomika R
Published: March 2023

Scalp injuries are extremely common and although most scalp lacerations/ injuries can be primarily repaired, few require flap coverage. This article discusses the various ways in which we have reconstructed the scalp. This article is a case series of six different cases that required flap reconstruction where six different techniques were used to obtain wound cover with good outcomes. Patients who presented to various smaller hospitals/nursing homes with availability of only a general surgeon and no super specialists in Rural Bangalore with the need for scalp reconstruction were considered for the study. The operative outcome of six different methods of scalp reconstruction/ repair that include four different  local flaps, a split skin graft with a wig and a pericranium burr hole drilling followed by split skin graft coverage have been studied.

All six cases were followed up for a period of one month post intervention and all of them had good functional and cosmetic outcomes with no complications. There was no incidence of surgical site infection, seroma, or flap/graft failure in the 6 cases included in our study. Both grafts and flaps are equally good modalities in scalp reconstruction, but the choice for which to use should be based on the need of the patient and the type of wound. Grafts can be considered in conditions where there is adequate soft tissue cover over the scalp and in wounds with larger surface area. Grafts have the advantage of being technically simpler and are associated with fewer complications/failure but cannot be used in injuries where the bone is exposed. Flaps have better cosmetic outcome but are technically more challenging.
Idealisations in the Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Walls under Impact Loading
Authors:   , Horská Alena
Published: March 2023

The thesis studies structural modelling idealisations of reinforced concrete wall elements subjected to impact loads. Overall background information on impact loads and structural response of reinforced concrete elements is presented in the first part of the thesis to point out the specifics and issues of the phenomenon. Standard engineering approaches of structural modelling are described, emphasising common model idealisations. Every idealisation of reality for the purpose of structural modelling is potential cause of result inaccuracies. The result inaccuracy is linked to the degree of model simplification. The discrepancy between real, moderately idealised, and heavily idealised behaviour of structures is the core research topic in the field of structural engineering. The second part of this thesis deeply focuses on one of the most common and often wrongly used idealisations – two-dimensional modelling of three-dimensional problems. The differences between the results from heavily simplified two-dimensional models and more accurate tree-dimensional models were quantified and evaluated on the case of a wall subjected to concentrated loads. The load simulates the event of vehicle impact and was expressed as equivalent static force; the wall was modelled as a vertical cantilever. The value of vertical bending moment was chosen to represent the behaviour of the wall, as it governs the design of the main load-bearing reinforcement. Ten variable parameters entering the structural analysis were investigated and their effect on the bending moment peak value was quantified, providing comparison of two- and three-dimensional modelling results. The inaccuracies caused by using two-dimensional models for an analysis of three-dimensional walls were evaluated based on the investigation outcomes. Correction coefficients expressing the differences between two- and three-dimensional models were proposed. When the correction coefficients are applied to the results of a simple two-dimensional analysis, the inaccuracy of results is rectified, and the accuracy of three-dimensional analysis is achieved. A practical tool Wall-imp was developed for easy peak bending moment calculation based on the findings obtained from comparison of two- and three-dimensional models. Wall-imp computes the value of peak bending moment with accuracy equal to results from three-dimensional models, while the simplicity of its use corresponds to two-dimensional approach.
Does COVID-19 Reduces Income and Wealth Inequality: Evidence from OIC Countries
Authors: Munandar Aris
Published: March 2023

This study investigated the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on income and wealth inequality in the 56 Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) member countries from 2010-2021. We employ a panel fixed effect model to estimate the relationship between a dummy COVID-19 outbreak and a comprehensive inequality proxy consisting of income and wealth inequality of the top 10%, bottom 50%, and top 1%, respectively. Findings suggest that while COVID-19 has contributed to a reduction in wealth inequality, it has not had a significant effect on income inequality. The restriction policies imposed during the pandemic have decreased the proportion of high-wealth individuals, but not the proportion of high-income earners. To further promote income equality, governments should focus on increasing foreign investment by improving the ease of doing business and enhancing political stability in the region.
Cleaner Production of Bioactive and Coloured Cotton Fabric Using Euclea Divinorum Dye Extract with Bio-Mordants
Authors: Manyim Scolastica , Kiprop Ambrose K. , Mwasiagi Josphat Igadwa , Mecha Achisa Cleophas
Published: March 2023

Coloured textile products are more marketable, and are therefore always in higher demand. This has increased the use of synthetic dyes in the textile industry, thus raising environmental pollution associated with synthetic dyes. Natural dyes have been shown to be suitable alternatives. However, the use of metallic mordants during dyeing means the process is not eco-friendly, hence the need to develop bio-mordants that can be used as alternatives to some toxic metallic mordants. In this study, the effects of bio-mordants on the dyeing properties of Euclea divinorum Hiern (Ebenaceae) dye extract were assessed using different mordanting methods on cotton fabric. Dyeing characteristics were evaluated in terms of colour fastness and colour strength. Antioxidant textile finishing properties of the natural dye on cotton fabric was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) method. The bio-mordants improved the colour strength for dyed cotton fabric from 0.612 to 0.863 and 0.911 for the cotton fabric mordanted with mango and rosemary, respectively. This study identified an important basis of suitable bio-mordants that can be applicable when dyeing cotton fabric with E. divinorum natural dye. In addition, the good antioxidant activity of 72.5% indicates that E. divinorum dye extract is a promising agent for the future development of bioactive, protective and health textile fabric.
Entrepreneurial Leadership Values in Tourism Classroom Teaching. Enhancing the Learning Processes for Tourism Business
Authors: FAHRURROZI Muh. , WATHONI Hamzani , BASRI Hasan , MOHZANA Mohzana , DWIMAULANI Astrid
Published: March 2023

Leadership has long been studied cross academic and non-academic. Since it influences a robust learning outcome, schools should seriously incorporate leadership in the curriculum of study program. Leadership teaching in the tourism class, however, is overlooked and less practiced. Therefore, this research aims at elaborating an effective teaching course in the tourism class by adopting entrepreneurial leadership (motivation, visioner, proactive, ability to spot opportunity, courage, innovation, and creativity) for activities from tourism sector. Using participatory action research, entrepreneurial leadership is taught to the third semester of college students of tourism discussing marketing. There were 44 sample sizes taken with purposive sampling. As a key instrument, the researcher evaluates group discussion notes to achieve indicators of readable content and conclude with a profound summary. Findings show that teaching successfully implemented the values of entrepreneurial leadership in the tourism classroom. All activities were reflected on warming up to discussion, group discussion notes, and presentation performance within three-day-teaching.
The Sustainable Development Strategy of the Light Industry and New Orientations towards Ecotourism
Authors: MUKHAN Bakytzhan , YESSIRKEPOVA Altyn , TULEMETOVAk Aigul , ORAZAYEVA Nazgul , ZHAKESHOVA Ayimzhan , KANASHAYEV Daulet
Published: March 2023

Being one of the industries in general, the light industry has certain features affecting the environmental crisis, as a result of the rapid growth of enterprises, the increase in production at a huge rate, consumer demand. The reason for this is the massive pollution of the environment with all sorts of emissions and industrial waste, which affects such sub-branches of tourism, such as ecotourism. Light industry, which is one of the promising industries, has a negative impact on the water fund, due to the discharge of untreated effluents into surface water bodies, which requires improvement of mechanisms for the use of nature in this area.
Identification of novel compound heterozygous LRBA mutations associated with recurrent hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and CNS manifestations
Authors: Sham Marina , Merico Daniele , Pereira Myra , Roifman Chaim M. , Roifman Maian
Published: March 2023

Background: Lipopolysaccharide-responsive beige-like anchor (LRBA) is an intracellular protein that regulates the recycling of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4), an immune checkpoint molecule which prevents ongoing activation of T cells. Deficiency of LRBA results in increased trafficking and degradation of CTLA4, and consequently, uncontrolled T cell responses. The phenotypic spectrum of LRBA deficiency arising from biallelic loss-of-function typically includes recurrent infections, autoimmunity, lymphoproliferation, chronic diarrhea, hypogammaglobulinemia, and cytopenia.

Aim: To report an atypical presentation of LRBA deficiency arising from a set of compound heterozygous LRBA variants, encompassing recurrent hemophagocytic lymphocytosis (HLH) and neurological manifestations.

Methods: Clinical data was gathered through retrospective chart review. Expanded genetic analysis including whole exome sequencing was performed.

Results: Our patient initially presented at age 15 months with fever, seizures, and encephalopathy. HLH-work-up showed bicytopenia, elevated ferritin and triglyceride, and low fibrinogen, however, he did not yet meet the diagnostic criteria for HLH. MRI brain and EEG at diagnosis was suggestive of acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood. He responded to pulsed IV methylprednisolone treatment with minimal residual neurological deficit on follow-up. At 36 months of age, he had a repeat presentation and rapidly deteriorated. He developed severe encephalopathy with fixed dilated pupils. Whole exome sequencing revealed a set of compound heterozygous missense variants in the LRBA gene, a novel c.2206A>T (p.R736W) and c.5989C>T (p.R1997C) variant.

Conclusion: Compound heterozygous mutations in the LRBA gene caused an atypical presentation of recurrent HLH with central nervous system (CNS) manifestations in our patient.

Statement of Novelty: We herein report a novel set of compound heterozygous mutations in LRBA with atypical presentation of recurrent HLH with CNS manifestations, thus expanding the known phenotypic spectrum of LRBA deficiency.
Partial information maximum principle for optimal control problem with regime switching in the conditional mean-field model
Authors: Tamer Lazhar , Ben Abdallah Hani
Published: March 2023

This paper is concerned with a stochastic optimal control problem
for a Markov regime switching in the conditional mean field model.
Sufficient and necessary maximum principles for optimal control under
partial information are obtained. Finally, we illustrate our result through a model which gives an explicit solution.
Constantine and Eusebius in Antioch
Authors: Drake H. A.
Published: March 2023

In the 320s CE, the eastern metropolis of Antioch became the scene of violent conflict between pro- and anti-Nicene factions vying to put one of their own in the bishopric. Eusebius of Caesarea (himself one of the candidates) claims in his influential Vita Constantini that bloody conflict was avoided only by the calming influence of the emperor himself. This article focuses on three letters that Eusebius included in the Vita Constantini to illustrate the emperor’s involvement, looking for what they can tell us about the sequence of events, and also about the relationship between the first Christian emperor and his future biographer. Scholars have labeled Eusebius as everything from the power behind Constantine’s throne to a sycophant who needed Constantine to protect him from his ecclesiastical enemies. This study reveals an evolving relationship in which the emperor learned to respect Eusebius’s political as well as academic skills.
Critical Fabulation and the Foundations of Classical Judaism
Authors: Ahuvia Mika
Published: March 2023

This article interrogates the historiography of the field of classical Judaism and suggests what a revisionist feminist historiography of this foundational period might look like. Feminist analysis of gender, class, and race in antiquity allows us to see how scholarly biases today reinscribe and even exceed ancient prejudices. Building on Blossom Stefaniw’s essay “Feminist Historiography and Uses of the Past” and deploying Saidiya Hartman’s method of critical fabulation to analyze synagogue inscriptions and rabbinic texts, this article offers counternarratives of Jewish daily life in the period of Late Antiquity. Through investigation of evidence for enslaved, manumitted, and fostered people in the households of the late antique Jewish patriarchs, this article emphasizes the contribution of ostensibly nonnormative Jews to late antique synagogues, rabbinic learning, and Jewish society in Late Antiquity. It argues that our imaginings of Jewish society and the Jewish household in premodernity must change to accommodate the evidence of these heretofore marginalized Jews and the challenges posed by their enslaved status and/or gendered identity. This restoration of excluded perspectives and traditions represents a more ethical historiographic practice, which produces more inclusive and accurate representations of the past, sets the stage for recognizing continuities through the medieval era, and, finally, enables a different present, one with subjects empowered to construct more ethical social norms within and outside the academy.
Applying TRIZ to Design and Develop Roof Shield for Two-Wheeled Motorcycle
Authors: Hoh R.B. , Alang N.A. , Johari N.H. , Ab. Razak N. , Alias J.
Published: March 2023

Online purchasing and food delivery have shown an increase in demand during the pandemic COVID-19. In Malaysia, the most preferred mode of transportation for food delivery is motorcycle. However, the hot weather and rain affect the delivery time. This paper presents the effort to design and develop a roof shield for a motorcycle to tackle the problem of delivery during uncertain weather conditions. A survey was conducted around Pekan and Kuantan, Pahang districts, encompassing a total of 100 respondents, including riders and customers. From respondents’ feedback, the design requirements for the roof shield were derived. Two conceptual designs were sketched based on the TRIZ approach and evaluated using the scoring test matrix. The roof shield is designed so that it is height adjustable and expandable to fit different brands of motorcycles, which have slightly different dimensions. Furthermore, the rotatable roof is developed to improve riding, especially during cornering. The fabricated roof was assembled on the AVETA DY90 and DEMAK EX90 motorcycles. Twenty random riders were chosen to test the roofed motorcycle on the road. The feedback collected from them showed overall satisfaction with the roof shield installed on the motorcycle. They believed that the roof can protect them from the sun’s rays and light rain thereby increasing delivery performance. The suggestion by the rider to further improve the roof is being considered for future design.
Percepciones sobre el conflicto UBER-TAXISTAS en Costa Rica
Authors: Rodríguez Soto Maritza , Solís Bastos Laura
Published: March 2023

This article is about the conflict that arises in the country, since the Uber platform began operations in 2015, between the drivers of this application and the drivers of regular taxis. This conjuncture has allowed us to analyze this phenomenon from different angles, such as: the development of technological applications as part of the capitalist development dynamics, which disconnect the employer figure from the population that exercises this job, labor precarization and its implications in what respects labor rights, the effects that Covid 19 has generated in Uber collaborators, and the lack of regulation by the Costa Rican State regarding the operation of people transportation services companies through technological applications. The sources of information used for this analysis are based on the Perception survey on aspects of the situation and political cultures in Costa Rica 2018, by the IDESPO-UNA, Umbral Político Program, applied to a sample of 1003 people at the national level, by cell phone; In addition, two interviews were conducted with Uber drivers, a review of news in the media regarding the conflict, and a review of the bills presented by the Executive Power before the Costa Rican Legislative Assembly, for the regulation of this type of transportation services of people in the country, as well as other documentation related to these files.
Por los caminos de La Aurora: apuntes y reflexiones sobre procesos de inserción comunitaria
Authors: León-Páez Brealey Diego
Published: March 2023

The goal of this systematization paper is to think over the experiences as an academic, researcher, and extensionist of the School of Psychology (EPS) of the National University of Costa Rica (UNA) about the project Community Action for Health Promotion: an experience in the Heredia-Virilla Health Area (ACOPOS), UNA code NFAG02, and the Graduation Seminar Health Needs and Resources of La Aurora de Heredia, focusing on the path between the phases of proposal and planning, to that of insertion and community intervention. It starts from a theoretical-methodological reflection from community social psychology, which delves into the experiences and concrete actions of this important step from the classrooms to the community. The methodological approach used in the mentioned works were the qualitative research and the participatory action research methodology. Research techniques such as observation, in-depth interviews, discussion groups and psychosocial mapping were used. This document also tries to demystify any reductionist -simplistic view of community social psychology that is taught in some university classroomsand in institutions that work with communities, in which, although it is considered essential to rely on solid epistemological-methodological references, they result insufficient to carry out field work. For writing this article, an exhaustive review of the reports of the ACOPOS project was carried out, as well as the memory of the Graduation Seminar document. In-depth interviews and discussion processes were carried outwith the student-researchers involved in the Graduation Seminar. As a result of the thought procedure, it is found that although it is essential to carry out an adequate planning of a project of action and intervention in the communities from the institutions, this is only the beginning of a complex process of involvement in the socio-historical– cultural -psychological reality of the community, its institutions, groups, families and inhabitants. This allows us to conclude that it is essential that the training of students and professionalswho carry out research and community action, is not only in theoreticalmethodological elements, but also in aptitudes, attitudes and competences when inserting, interacting and intervening in and with the communities.
Rómulo Gallegos frente al llano venezolano: panoramas sonoros de Doña Bárbara
Authors: Kube Tamayo Luciana
Published: March 2023

This paper analyzes the environmental sound in the Venezuela’s plain at the end of 1920 in the novel Doña Bárbara by Rómulo Gallegos, according to the soundscape concept (M. Schafer).
Alfredo Sancho, poeta vanguardista: acercamiento crítico al texto SE DICE MERENJUNJIA
Authors: Ramírez-Agüero Byron
Published: March 2023

This article starts from the study of the first generation of the national literary avant-gardes. From a critical perspective, the objective is to get closer to the work of one of the least studied writers of that generation, the poet and playwriter Alfredo Sancho. The present analysis raises the need to rescue from oblivion these types of figures who, for political and/or personal reasons, remain outside the canonical history of Costa Rican literature. It also proposes an approach to the poem "Se dice merenjunjia" from the book Cantera Bruta, based on some elements of critical analysis by López-Casanova, through which it is possible to establish a series of connections between Sancho's work and various literary movements of avant-garde.
La sordera como representación simbólica: un acercamiento semiótico a Los sordos de Rodrigo Rey Rosa
Authors: Bonilla-Navarro José Francisco
Published: March 2023

This study encompasses one of the works produced by the Guatemalan writer Rodrigo Rey Rosa. It is named Los sordos, and it was first published in 2012. This proposal is based on textual semiotics ideas, and particularly based on the contributions of Iuri M. Lotman and his concept about the semiosphereas “semiotics continuum.” Guatemala is described as a bipartite division. On the one hand, the city, as a representation of the main power and order. On the other hand, the countryside, that is seen as the periphery. Under these precepts, the concept of deafness presented in this text has different symbolic meanings in the individual, political, and social field.