bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
not-yet-known not-yet-known not-yet-known unknown Multi-scenario simulation analysis of land use pattern and carbon storage: A case study in Hunan province, China
Authors: Song Qian , Zhu Yingfang , Liao Juyang , Liu Yan
Published: October 2024

This study explores the impact of rapid population growth and
urbanization on land use change and carbon stocks in Hunan Province from
2000 to 2020, with predictions for 2030 under three scenarios: natural
evolution (NE), farmland protection (FP), and ecological protection
(EP). Using the Future Land Use Simulation Model (FLUS) and the In-VEST
Model, the analysis reveals that from 2000 to 2020, land use in Hunan
was dominated by forests and farmland, with significant changes,
including a notable decline in farmland and a 32.03% increase in
built-up land. By 2030, under the NE scenario, farmland is expected to
continue decreasing, forest areas will expand, and built-up land will
diminish. Under the EP scenario, both forest and water areas will
increase, while built-up land will rise slightly. The FP scenario
predicts a substantial increase in farmland, highlighting its
significant impact. The carbon stock analysis shows a decrease of
14.3×10 6 Mg from 2000 to 2020. By 2030, carbon stock
is projected to increase by 10.1×10 6 Mg under the NE
scenario and by 2.54×10 6 Mg under the EP scenario,
due to limited forest and grassland conversion, preserving vegetation
carbon pools. Conversely, under the FP scenario, carbon stock is
expected to decrease further by 1.2×10 6 Mg, driven by
farmland expansion. This study sheds light on the complex dynamics
between land use change and carbon storage, offering valuable insights
for sustainable development policy formulation. By integrating
ecological and socio-economic factors, the findings provide a critical
foundation for policymaking aimed at achieving carbon neutrality while
supporting sustainable growth in Hunan Province. The results underscore
the need to balance socio-economic development with environmental
sustainability, particularly in the context of rapid urbanization and
its impact on land use and carbon stocks.
What attracts the allies of Aristolochia contorta?
Authors: Park Si-Hyun , Jang Jae Yeon , Lim Hangah , Kim Sang Kyu , Kim Jae Geun
Published: October 2024

1. In the evolutionary arms race between plants and herbivores,
sophisticated mechanisms of indirect defense play a pivotal role. This
study investigated the intricate ecological dynamics between
Aristolochia contorta, Sericinus montela, and Ooencyrtus
spp., with a special focus on the role of volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) in plant. 2. This study utilized field surveys, olfactometer
experiments, and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis
to investigate the role of volatile organic compounds. 3. Field surveys
showed a 54.6% egg parasitism rate, with quadrats containing A.
contorta and larvae attracting more Ooencyrtus spp. than those
with the plant alone. In olfactometer bioassays, Ooencyrtus spp.
demonstrated a notable preference for leaves damaged by a pattern wheel,
attracting 46.8% of Ooencyrtus spp. compared to undamaged
controls. Moreover, leaves treated with larval saliva were found to be
similarly attractive, drawing in 48.7% of Ooencyrtus spp.. In
addition, the difference in attraction between leaves with and without
larval saliva did not reach statistical significance. GC-MS analysis
identified essential VOCs in the damaged leaves, including hexyl
acetate, cyclohexene, δ-cadinene, α-pinene, and β-caryophyllene.
Additionally, leaves treated with larval saliva revealed the presence of
exo-isocitral (0.61%), and β-pinene (0.14%), though in minimal
amounts. Despite these complex responses, our analysis suggests that the
compounds introduced or increased in concentration by larval saliva do
not significantly boost the attraction of Ooencyrtus spp. 4. This
finding implies that while the VOCs response to damage and saliva
application is multifaceted, serving multiple defensive functions, the
quantities of these saliva-induced compounds could be insufficient to
substantially influence the behavior of Ooencyrtus spp. towards
the damaged leaves. This research furthers our understanding of the
indirect defense strategies of plants, particularly highlighting the
vital roles of VOCs in A. contorta. Moreover, our findings
suggest new avenues for exploring the ecological and evolutionary roles
of chemical signals, shedding light on the complex interactions
facilitated by these chemical cues in plant defense mechanisms.
Elementos para el éxito de las transformaciones organizacionales: Una discusión teórica
Authors: González-Cabo Verena , Cruz-Caicedo Luis Fernando , Pino-Ortiz Pamela
Published: October 2024

La complejidad del cambio organizacional, impulsada por la competencia global y la tecnología, ha llevado a priorizar proyectos para mejorar el rendimiento empresarial. Sin embargo, solo el 20-30% de estos proyectos tienen éxito, especialmente en transformaciones organizacionales, donde solo el 25% logra resultados positivos a corto y largo plazo. El propósito de este artículo es discutir teóricamente los elementos para el éxito de las transformaciones organizacionales basados en el Modelo de los 10 elementos. Enfoque de carácter cualitativo, apoyado en un proceso interpretativo de indagación en bases de datos internacionales para el análisis de las diferentes categorías y subcategorías de los componentes del modelo. La investigación se fundamentó en un alcance exploratorio-descriptivo que sirvió para especificar cuáles son los elementos más desarrollados por la literatura en el marco de la formulación y ejecución de proyectos y cuáles serían las posibles variables a considerar en la gestión de los proyectos. Dentro de los elementos principales del modelo, se encontró que los más significativos fueron: Liderazgo comprometido, Gobernabilidad, Cultura de cambio y Visión de cambio. A partir de la revisión teórica se podrían incluir dentro de las subcategorías de análisis futuros elementos como las metodologías ágiles, gestión del riesgo e Innovación, que fortalecerían su configuración y aplicación en el ámbito organizacional. No hay consenso, menos aún modelos que articulen los criterios o factores técnicos con los humanos, pero existe la necesidad de evaluar los resultados de los proyectos no solo en términos de éxito o fracaso sino también considerando los diferentes antecedentes y causas. Incorporar las metodologías ágiles en la gestión de los proyectos como variable clave en el modelo, es salir de un enfoque único y rígido, a uno flexible, es aptarse según las necesidades específicas de cada proyecto, y considerar la colaboración y la adaptabilidad en el desarrollo del mismo.
Percepción del Clima Social, Vereda Santa Bárbara Bojacá Cundinamarca, sector potencial de turismo agroambiental
Authors: Grisales Carvajal Angela Johana , Valderrama-Fernandez Jonny-Mauricio , Garzon-Avila Yon , Fonseca-Lara Mery-Rocío
Published: October 2024

Resumen
     La visión de ruralidad no se limita exclusivamente al sector productivo agropecuario, sino que, a medida que avanza la ciencia y la tecnología, surgen posibilidades de hacer visibles nuevas alternativas de desarrollo, entre ellas los proyectos de turismo agroambientales.
Problemática: interacción social y acción comunitaria que supone la realización de las dimensiones constitutivas del individuo y su interacción con el entorno, en zonas rurales potenciales para turismo agroambiental.
Objetivos: realizar la descripción del clima social en la población rural de la vereda Santa Bárbara en el municipio de Bojacá, Cundinamarca, siendo este un sector potencial de turismo agroambiental.
Metodología: enfoque cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo y con diseño no experimental. El muestreo fue no probabilístico por conveniencia, con una heterogeneidad del 50%, margen de error del 10% y un 90% de nivel de confianza. El total de la muestra fue de 10 personas, siendo el 70% de sexo masculino y el 30% de sexo femenino. Se aplicó el instrumento Cuestionario de Clima Laboral CLA (Corral y Pereña, 2010).
Resultados: en el eje Persona, las puntuaciones más bajas se evidenciaron en la categoría de Implicación (IMP) y Relaciones (REL), mientras que Autorrealización (AUT) y Dirección (DIR) se observa una puntuación sobre la media. En cuanto al eje Empresa, solo en la categoría Innovación (INN) se evidencia una puntuación sobre la media, las puntuaciones más bajas se observan en Organización (ORG), Información (INF) y Condiciones (CON).
Discusiones: los puntos fuertes como comunidad están en la INN, AUT y DIR, lo que podría suponer que existe un potencial para la creación de empresas orientadas al turismo agroambiental en este sector de Cundinamarca, sin embargo, es necesario trabajar en las relaciones interpersonales, la organización como comunidad y la comunicación.
Conclusiones: a nivel personal las estructuras de la comunidad estudiada presentan una fragilidad en las relaciones susceptible a disminuir, por lo que se debe fortalecer la percepción de trabajo en equipo y las relaciones interpersonales.
Contribución/originalidad: análisis y descripción del clima social en la población rural de la vereda Santa Bárbara en el municipio de Bojacá, Cundinamarca, siendo este un sector potencial de turismo agroambiental.
Analyzing EOQ model for imperfect items with time dependent demand under substitution of two products
Authors: Singh Chaman , Rao Ambedkar Gurudatt , Kohli Jyoti , Tehri Roopesh
Published: October 2024

The inventory model is based on the quantity of order and the time at which
orders for particular goods are to be placed. In this paper, models with
defective items have been discussed and the EOQ approach has been shown.
One-way substitution of item is used in case of scarcity of the first item.
The demand for the items is based on the Heaviside function. It is noticed
that the presence of defective items hampers the demand of the two items
differently. To establish the virtue of our model, a numerical example and
sensitivity analysis is imparted.
Incremental Prognostic Value of a Coronary Heart Disease Polygenic Risk Score in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: R Mordi Ify , Li Ivy , George Gittu , J McCrimmon Rory , N Palmer Colin , R Pearson Ewan , C Lang Chim , S Doney Alex
Published: October 2024

Objective The recent availability of cardiovascular risk-reducing type 2 diabetes (T2D) therapies makes it imperative to optimally identify individuals who could derive benefit. Current clinical risk prediction may misclassify individuals as low-risk and could be improved. Our aim was to determine the incremental prognostic value of a coronary heart disease genome-wide polygenic risk score (CHD PRS) to a clinical risk score in prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with T2D. Research Design and Methods We evaluated 10,556 individuals with T2D aged 40-79 without a prior cardiovascular hospitalisation. We calculated 10-year clinical cardiovascular risk at the date of recruitment using the Pooled Cohort Equation (PCE Risk) and constructed a CHD PRS. The primary outcome was time to first MACE incidence and we assessed the additional incremental predictive value of the CHD PRS to the PCE risk. Results At 10 years there were 1,477 MACE events. After adjustment for clinical risk the CHD PRS was significantly associated with MACE (HR 1.69 per SD increase, 95% CI 1.60-1.79). Individuals with PCE risk <7.5% but in the top quintile of CHD PRS had a significantly increased likelihood of MACE (HR 10.69, 95% CI 5.07-22.55) compared to those in the lowest. The addition of the PRS to the clinical risk score led to significant improvements in risk prediction, particularly in those at low clinical risk. Conclusion The addition of a CHD PRS to clinical assessment improved MACE prediction in T2D individuals without prior cardiovascular disease, particularly in those at low clinical risk.
Türkiye'deki Teknoloji Geliştirme Bölgelerinin Etkinliğinin İki Aşamalı Veri Zarflama Analizi ile Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Güzel Tuğba , Ünlü Hülya
Published: October 2024

Teknoloji Geliştirme Bölgeleri (TGB'ler), araştırma ve ticarileştirme arasındaki boşluğu doldurarak inovasyon ve teknolojik ilerlemeyi teşvik eden kritik yapılardır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki 32 TGB’nin etkinliği iki aşamalı Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) modeli ile değerlendirilmiştir. Analiz, bu bölgelerin teknik ve ölçek etkinliğini değerlendirerek genel performanslarını ölçmektedir. Sonuçlar, DMU23 ve DMU32 gibi yüksek performanslı TGB'lerin kaynakları verimli bir şekilde kullandığını ve güçlü bir yenilik yönetimi sergilediğini, DMU4 ve DMU17 gibi düşük performanslı bölgelerin ise önemli verimsizlikler gösterdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, özellikle kaynak tahsisi ve AR-GE desteği alanlarında stratejik iyileştirmelere ihtiyaç olduğunu vurgulamaktadır. Bu bulgular, Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanlığı tarafından yapılan performans değerlendirmeleriyle uyumlu olup, TGB yönetiminin iyileştirilmesi ve Türkiye’nin teknolojik ve ekonomik gelişimine katkı sağlanması için önemli içgörüler sunmaktadır.
On the Criminal Compulsory Appraisal in China and Its Improvement
Authors: N Shiqiang
Published: October 2024

Criminal compulsory appraisal is not only not clearly stipulated in our laws, but also controversial in the theoretical circles. Through the legal combing and empirical analysis, it is found that the compulsory appraisal under the meaning of “the responsibility of specialized organs” exists in a large number of China's criminal judicial practice, and the compulsory appraisal under the meaning is more conducive to the restriction of the arbitrariness of the specialized organs, and the protection of the rights and interests of the parties. And then for the system status quo, put forward “ expand ‘absolute compulsory identification', strict ‘relative compulsory identification', legal ‘factual compulsory identification' "In order to improve the criminal compulsory identification system in China, we propose to expand ‘absolute compulsory identification', strict ‘relative compulsory identification', statutory ‘factual compulsory identification'.
Transferable Skills And Graduate Attributes: Analysis of health services management students’ reflections on an industry-based placement
Authors: Lloyd Sheree , Vasandani Minalli , Salvacion Jose Oscar III
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Work Integrated Learning (WIL) supports learners to acquire transferable skills and graduate attributes for employability through placements in settings aligned with their future profession. The purpose of this paper is to explore, student reflections on the attainment of transferable skills and university graduate attributes on health service management (HSM) work integrated learning placements in one Australian University.
Design/methodology/approach: The study used data collected from e-portfolios from two cohorts of students who completed placements in the health industry. Structured e-portfolios recorded student reflections, these were analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively. To analyse the reflections, content analysis and mapping of narratives to transferable skills and University graduate attributes was used to evidence their attainment by learners on placement.
Findings: The data demonstrated that students attained transferable skills and university attributes and reflected upon them in their e-portfolios. However, not all transferable skills and attributes were evidenced in student portfolios. Ethical thoughts and actions, respect and capability with First Peoples, citizenship and social responsibility, negotiation and conflict resolution, research and organizational membership were not comprehensively demonstrated. Reflective skills and learning how to reflect could be further emphasised and practiced within the curricula.
The outcomes of the study can be used to strengthen the focus of reflective e-portfolios, inform the development of HSM curricula and support academics teaching in WIL programs to further clarify expectations on reflection.
Originality: This paper is of interest to Universities aiming to equip graduates with transferable skills and the attributes to thrive in complex and rapidly changing work environments. The study identified further research opportunities that could inform the design and content of e-portfolios to demonstrate the skills attained on placement.
Understanding Patient Flow from the Perspectives of Patient Movement Experts
Authors: Van Dam Pieter , Dwyer Mitchell , O'Reilly Malgorzata , Prior Sarah , Montgomery James , Turner Richard
Published: October 2024

Background: Poor patient flow or patient movement through a healthcare organisation can lead to adverse outcomes for patients and organisational inefficiency. Many hospitals have addressed suboptimal patient flow by increasing resources, such as bed stock and staffing; however, this is an unsustainable approach. In determining the nature of poor patient flow issues, it is important to collect data from healthcare professionals who manage patient flow daily. Doing so provides insights into the current state of patient flow management in its entirety, whilst also helping with the development of sustainable solutions.
Methods: Thirteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals who were directly involved with patient flow at a referring hospital in Tasmania, Australia.
Results: Using a thematic analysis method, four major themes were developed. The first major theme was: ‘managing patient flow’ which centered around known and unknown demands on bed availability. The second theme, ‘communication for decisions’, highlighted the essential role of communication in maintaining patient flow. The third theme, ‘tools as enablers and barriers, relates to the number of software programs which can both help and hinder patient flow. The final theme of ‘increasing complexity’ is related to an apparent trend towards greater numbers of patients requiring care of an increasingly specialised nature.
Conclusions: The findings of this study provide great insights into patient flow issues, with potential solutions identified to address them.
Managers of Aged Care Residential Services in Australia 2006-2021: Transformation reform
Authors: Martins Jo M , Isouard Godfrey
Published: October 2024

Objectives: This article provides analyses of the number and characteristics of managers of aged care residential services in relation to number of aged people, residents of aged care facilities and people employed in them.
Design: The research design follows specifications provided by the authors for tabulations prepared by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) from the censuses of population conducted by ABS in 2006 and 2021. Analyses undertaken by the authors show changes that have taken place in the number of managers of aged care residential facilities in relation to the number of aged people, residents of aged care facilities, and people employed in them. Further, the analyses examine changes in the demographic characteristics of managers, their working hours and income, over time.
Findings: There was a substantial decline in the proportion of the growing number of people aged 70 years and over who lived in aged care residential services during the 15-year period. While there was a large increase in the number of employees and managers per resident, and a slight increase in the number of managers per employee. The proportion of female managers fell, and the average age of managers increased slightly. The proportion of managers at graduate level rose substantially. Although the average income of aged care residential services managers was similar to that in all industries in 2021, their increase was larger than in all industries during the 15-year period. Average hours worked remained similar over time. The proportion of Australia-born managers declined while that of managers born in Asia rose substantially, and the proportion of indigenous managers about doubled during the 15-year period.
Implications: Relevance to those concerned with the evolving transformation of aged care in Australia and those interested with management training of the growing number of managers of aged care residential services.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN AIR (AUDITORY, INTELLECTUALLY, REPETITION) TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONVERSI SATUAN PANJANG SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR (SD)
Authors: Simanjuntak Putri Caryn Malsanda , Maulana Maulana , Irawati Riana
Published: October 2024

Mathematics learning in unit length conversion is still a problem that must be solved at SDN Ganeas I and II. The students still can't understand the concept of unit length conversion correctly. Therefore, in the learning activities, need a new innovations learning models. This research purpose to determine AIR (Auditory, Intelectually, Repetition) learning model on the concept of length unit conversion for students grade IV of elementary school.The research method used is a quasi-experiment with a non-equivalent control group research design. Data collection with observation and tests.The tests used are pretest and posttest, the sample was grade IV students SDN Ganeas II as the experimental class and grade IV students of SDN Ganeas I as the control class.Data processing techniques using normality tests, homogenenity, t-tests, Mann withney tests, normalized gain tests, with the help of SPSS 26.The results of the study, with using the Mann-Whitney test obtained a p-value of 0.000<0.005,then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, so it is concluded that there is an improvement in students' abilities with the AIR (Auditory, Intelectually, Repetition) learning model.
The Foundations of the Contract Justice
Authors: Shaveko N.A.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Despite the fact that the problems of justice are actively studied by political theorists, their attention is usually focused only on the most politicized issues. As a result, the sphere of private law relations is not worthy of their attention. Meanwhile, to the extent that justice can be defined as the proper state of social relations, the criteria of justice are applicable to all social relations, actions and actions. Purpose. The article attempts to analyze the scope of contractual relations, current legislation and existing doctrines in the field of contract law from the point of view of justice. The necessity of creating a separate research area - the theory of a just contract (the theory of contractual justice) is substantiated. Methodology. It is proposed to base the normative studies in the sphere of contractual relations on the general provisions developed by political theory. Thus, it is proposed to politicize contractual issues in a certain sense, or more precisely, to integrate it into the general discourse of justice. Results. The key importance of the concepts of will, interest and good faith for determining the justice of contractual relations is emphasized. A differentiated approach to determining the legal capacity of the subjects of contractual relations is substantiated. Moral justifications for invalidation of transactions, modification and termination of transactions, as well as for compulsory contracts and restrictions on freedom of contract are considered. The position is defended, according to which the legal norms governing these public relations, as a general rule, should take into account both the consent of the parties to the contract and their good faith (awareness and absence of abuse), and, among other things, the mutually beneficial nature of the contract. Exceptions to this rule require proper justification. Conclusion. The author of the article philosophically comprehends the main provisions of the current legislation, and thereby outlines the contours of the theory of contractual justice.
Genesis of Views on Negative Obligations in Domestic Civil Law
Authors: Filippova O.S. , Molodavkin V.I.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Negative obligations are the kind of civil obligations that have caused a lively scientific discussion for several centuries in a row, but at the same time they remain extremely poorly researched. Most civil scientists touch upon the problem of negative obligations in general terms, speaking about the legal nature of obligations or their classification. In the domestic science of civil law, there are still no large-scale and comprehensive studies that would be devoted to the specific features of negative obligations. To form and systematize the theoretical basis for further research on negative obligations, it is necessary to generalize the views already expressed in the scientific environment and group them by scientific schools. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to review, analyze and classify the scientific positions of domestic civil scientists of the pre-revolutionary, Soviet and modern periods on the problem of the legal nature of negative civil obligations. In addition, the authors of the article aim to trace the genesis of the scientific discussion on the issue of negative commitments. Methodology. The general principles of scientific knowledge (comprehensiveness, consistency, objectivity, methodological pluralism), the general philosophical method (dialectical), general scientific methods of cognition (comparison, ascent from the abstract to the particular), general logical methods (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction , generalization, classification, abstraction), special legal methods (formal legal, comparative legal, method of interpreting legal norms, dogmatic). Results. As a result of the study, the genesis of the scientific discussion on the problem of negative obligations was investigated. It was concluded that it was in the Soviet civil law that there was a division of the views of scientists on this issue into several legal schools. The authors propose to distinguish three schools of law on the problem of the legal nature of negative obligations. The authors substantiated the position on the independent nature of negative obligations and the possibility of the existence of net negative obligations (obligations where the debtor is obliged only to refrain from acting) in civil circulation. Conclusion. This article is of interest to the scientific community, since it forms and systematizes the theoretical basis for further research on the problem of negative obligations.
About Material and Civil Legal Liability
Authors: Kozhevnikov V.V.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The relevance of this scientific article is justified by an ambiguous approach to understanding legal responsibility, an assessment of the so-called material responsibility of workers and employees, to the interpretation of civil liability. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the absence of material liability in the legislative context, and criticism of scientists who unreasonably equate civil liability with appropriate protection measures. Methodology. The methodology includes the following methods: general philosophical (dialectical-materialistic); general scientific (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison, abstraction, etc.); private scientific (formal legal, interpretation of law, etc.). Results. Noting that, although the legislator and the majority of legal scholars distinguish material liability as a type of legal liability, the author came to the opposite conclusion. In addition, it is reasonable that “material responsibility” and civil law have nothing in common. Conclusion. It is summarized that, despite the fact that material liability is enshrined in Russian labor legislation, in fact it is absent, because the legislator, like many scientists, unreasonably equates legal liability and restorative measures (protection measures). This applies equally to the existing interpretation of civil liability by scientists.
Protecting Citizens from Unemployment in a Pandemic: Looking for a Contact
Authors: Trutaeva A.V.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The article discusses the implementation of measures provided by law to promote employment and social support for unemployed citizens in the territory of the Russian Federation during the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection. Purpose. The author aims to identify the overall picture of the implementation in the Russian Federation of the right of citizens to protection from unemployment and problems inherent in the designated area of public relations. At the same time, the study covers the period of the pandemic, which inevitably affected public policy in this area. Methodology. The research involves methods of analysis, synthesis, formal-logical, formal-legal and comparative-legal methods of cognition. Result. The information obtained allows us to conclude that the introduction of a remote format of interaction between the employment service bodies with citizens has revealed significant shortcomings of the relevant legal regulation and the lack of readiness for its application among all participants in the legal relations under consideration. As a result of the above, the level of social protection of citizens is significantly reduced, and the right to protection from unemployment cannot be recognized as guaranteed. Conclusion. The steps taken at the level of the Russian Federation to introduce the remote format of the state system of employment promotion and social support for unemployed citizens are assessed by the author as having received inadequate training. The formulated conclusion is confirmed by the data of law enforcement practice and casts doubt on the effectiveness of the existing mechanism for the realization of the right to protection from unemployment.
Improvement of Legal Regulation of Practical Training of Students of Higher Educational Institutions
Authors: Alenina I.V.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Combining vocational education and the labor market should give rise to new legal models with the participation of employers. Purpose. The purpose of the work is to find conditions and proposals for creating such models. Methodology. In the course of the study, the method of scientific analysis, formal-logical, system-structural, comparative-legal, technical-legal methods were applied. Results. The article notes that the legal regulation has been updated, but this has no effect. It is necessary to have goals and a conceptual apparatus, forecasts of legal regulation. Legal regulation must be comprehensive, take into account the interest of participants in public relations and potential risks. Models of interaction between educational organizations and employers can be diverse. The best model is cooperation through public-professional associations. The concept of “practical training” is formulated, the status of the subjects of relations in the field of practical training is determined. Conclusion. The analysis and conclusions can be used to create new laws.
Criminological Analysis of the Current State of Fraud in the Banking Sector of Russia
Authors: Repetskaya A.L. , Petryakova L.A.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The study of fraud in the banking sector of Russia is relevant, since the development of the banking system in general, and digital banks, in particular, the transition to remote banking services and the use of modern banking technologies by the part of the population that used traditional payment methods, significantly expanded the opportunities for making fraudulent activities in the area in question. Target. Analysis of the trends in the development of these crimes, changes in their level and structure, methods of commission, as well as the prevalence in the regions of the Russian Federation, which will allow developing a system of adequate measures to counter such activities both on the part of law enforcement agencies and on the part of banks. Methodology. The methodology included theoretical and empirical analysis, a comparative method. The methodology was compiled by statistical analysis and the study of criminal cases. Results. The results of the study indicate that the dynamics of the level of fraud in the banking sector is extremely unfavorable, and among other forms of theft, this type of crime is developing most actively. At the same time, this type of fraud in absolute terms, both now and in the future, will dominate in the European part of Russia, while the growth rate of the crimes under consideration is higher in the Siberian and Far Eastern regions. In the general structure of frauds registered in the Russian Federation, every 10th fraud was committed in the banking sector. In the structure of fraud in the banking sector, the largest share (80 %) are fraudulent activities using electronic means of payment; in recent years, the use of genuine cards or their details stolen from their owners by means of “social engineering” methods has dominated in their commission. In the field of lending in 2020, every second fraud was committed with the provision of deliberately false documents (49.9 %), while the total share of these frauds decreased during the study period by a factor of 5. Conclusion. Criminological analysis showed the need for active counteraction to fraud in the banking sector. Taking into account the methods used to commit fraudulent actions, special attention should be paid to victimological prevention.
Analysis of the Impact of Social Networks on the Formation of Criminal Thinking and Victimization
Authors: Shut O.A.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. We will prove the influence of social networks on the formation of criminal thinking and victimization based on biological, social, individual and situational characteristics. Objective: to prove the existence of a connection between social media communication and the formation of criminal thinking and victimization under the influence of this process. Methodology. The process of formation of thinking and victimization in connection with the implementation of communications in social networks is investigated by the method of structural analysis and synthesis. Results. On the basis of structural analysis and synthesis, the relationship between the formation of criminal thinking and victimization with the implementation of communications in social networks is established, it is proved that social networks act as a social factor affecting the negative development of personality. Conclusion. Communication in social networks has a very strong effect on the formation of human thinking, including criminal thinking; replacing real communication of individuals with virtual communication increases the risk of deviants; the diversity of the influence exerted by social networks on the individual's thinking, which can form both deviance and contribute to the victimization of users; children's thinking is currently being formed, and adults are deformed under the influence of social media content.
Description of an authority of official in corruption crime
Authors: Matveev I.V. , Kharitonov A.N.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Chapter 30 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation contains elements of crimes, where the abuse of official is a constructive sign of the objective side of crime structures. The content of this attribute of the corpus delicti is established through the interpretation of the powers of a special subject, which in most cases is an official. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to analyze the features of the content of the main functions of an official, touching upon some aspects of the implementation of these functions in court decisions. Methodology. The formal legal analysis of criminal law of responsibility for corruption crimes, statistical analysis of the frequency of functions of an official. For the purposes of the study, about 50 court decisions under Article 285 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation were analyzed. Results. The analysis of the content of the powers of an official makes it possible to identify various regulatory levels of regulation of these powers, which are important when assessing a person's action as a crime. Conclusion. The analysis of law enforcement practice and the content of the criminal law allows us to conclude that despite the explanations of the supreme judicial authority on the issue of understanding the signs of an official, the specific meaning of the powers may still depend on the level of legal regulation of the official of the subject of the crime.
On the system of sources of civil procedural law of the Russian Federation
Authors: Terekhova L.A.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. N.V. Samsonov prepared a dissertation research submitted for the degree of Doctor of Law in specialty 5.1.3. - “Private legal (civilistic) sciences”. The work, which was defended on December 9, 2021, is devoted to rethinking the entire system of sources of civil procedural law. Results. The dissertation has internal unity, contains new scientific provisions, testifies to the personal contribution of the dissertation student to science, deepens knowledge in the field of formation and functioning of the system of sources (forms) of civil procedural law. The dissertation is a scientific qualification work that contains a solution to a problem that is important for the development of legal science and practice, which meets the requirements of the procedure for awarding the degree of candidate of sciences, the degree of doctor of sciences at the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, approved by the order of the rector of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation” dated September 20, 2019 No. 02-1049, and Samsonov Nikolai Vladimirovich deserves to be awarded the degree of Doctor of Law in specialty 5.1.3. - “Private legal (civilistic) sciences”.
Humanitarian intervention: theory and practice of international law
Authors: Baburin S.N.
Published: October 2024

The author's vision of the impact of modern interstate relations and the place of humanitarian intervention in modern international law is given. Purpose. Analysis of the transformation of the concepts of self-determination of the people, territorial integrity and non-interference in the internal affairs of states, the formation of the doctrine of humanitarian intervention. Methodology. Methods of comparative analysis and a concrete-historical approach, abstraction and civilizational rethinking of the formal-legal method are used. Through normative structuralism, the norms of international law are analyzed as a product of the conscious activity of people, and society itself is considered as a multidimensional socially normed and structured space. Reliance on hermeneutics made it possible to focus on the evolution of interpretations of many concepts of international law. Outcomes. It is argued that humanitarian interventions have become an integral part of international relations in recent decades, their ideology is generated by the West, which beganto build the world order not on the norms of international law, but according to the rules often changed by itself. Russia, having begun a special military operation on the territory of Ukraine in February 2022, is guided by the criteria established by the West. and does not violate international law. Russia is conducting a humanitarian intervention to save the Russian population of Ukraine and is carrying out civilizational self-defense of the Russian world.
Forms of expression of constitutional nihilism among the senior officials of the Republic of Korea
Authors: Rekhacheva T.V.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The Republic of Korea is considered to be a state of law where the rights and freedoms of citizens are one of the highest values and are protected by the state despite traditional paternalism and collectivism. The Republic of Korea has seen a lot: wars, military takeovers, bloody reforms and the constitutional nihilism of senior officials. Before the Republic of Korea became a legal and social state, several constitutions and senior officials were changed during the 40 years. Purpose. The purpose of this work is to identify the main forms of expression of constitutional nihilism among the highest officials of the First, Second, Third, Fourth and Fifth Republic of Korea, as well as ways to combat constitutional nihilism in the Sixth Republic of Korea. Methodology. The methodology includes the following methods: technical, dialectical-materialistic,historical, legal, comparative, logical, analysis and synthesis. Results. The main forms of expression of constitutional nihilism among the highest officials of the First, Second, Third, Fourth and Fifth Republic of Korea were a direct violation of constitutional norms, the creation of dead constitutional norms and fictions, seizures of power and frequent rewriting of the text of the constitution according their wishes. One of the main methods of struggle was the creation of the institution of criminal liability of senior officials. Conclusion. Constitutional nihilism among the senior officials of the country continues to live at the present time, despite the attempts of the citizens of the Republic of Korea to eradicate it. The result of this study will be the inclusion in the scientific circulation of the concept of forms of expression of constitutional nihilism. The results of this work can be used in the study of the subjects “Comparative Constitutional Law” and “Constitutional Law of Foreign Countries” .
Subjects of law-making: the concept and types
Authors: Ivanov R.l.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The subjects of law-making organize and direct law-making activities, as well as determine the official content of legal norms and principles. However, their concept and types remain controversial not only in science, but also in legal practice, and require further study. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to determine the essential features of subjects of domestic (national) law-making and their types, as well as their differentiation from other participants of law-making and legal education. Methodology. The methodological basis of the research consists of the principles and categories of materialistic dialectics, systematic, formal-logical, formal-legal and comparative-legal methods. Results. The main specific feature of the subjects of lawmaking is defined and characterized - law-making competence, covering the subjects of their jurisdiction and law-making powers, the basis of which is formed by legal obligations. The general theoretical classification of the subjects of law-making is clarified. Conclusion. The diversity of subjects of law-making in the modern state is due to the complication and differentiation of public relations that require appropriate specialization of law-making activities, taking into account not only the general interests of the state, but also the interests of local groups.
Euromaidan: criminology-legal analysis
Authors: Kleimenov M.P. , Kleimenov I.M. , Sabol E.M.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The article highlights the events related to the consequences of the nazification of Ukraine, the central link of which was the Euromaidan. The purpose is a criminological and legal analysis of the current situation in the sphere of Russian-Ukrainian relations and the establishment of imperatives to respond to it. The methodology of criminological and legal analysis is based on dialectical, historical, sociological and logical methods. Results. The article is based on the materials of an on-line survey of 286 respondents conducted in March 2022 in Omsk and St. Petersburg. The article discusses the consequences of choosing Ukraine in favor of European integration; the flight of the Russian elite after the start of a special Russian operation, the problem of collaboration and measures to counter it. The issues of manipulation of consciousness and Russophobia, the policy of anti-Russian sanctions and its effectiveness are considered. Conclusion. Euromaidan is a civilizational choice of Ukraine, criminal for its political leadership and the Nazis, tragic for the population. Not only Ukrainians, but also many citizens of Russia do not understand this. The imperatives of the current situation are the conduct of educational work among young people, the adoption of legal measures against collaborators. Itis strategically important to ensure the full-scale inclusion of patriotic resources in the system of domestic propaganda, which in many respects remains focused on Western attitudes.
Transitional constructions in simplified procedures and their judgements
Authors: Boyarskaya A.V. , Konstantinova V.A.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The object of consideration in this article is a special procedure for making a court decision with the consent of the accused with the charge against him and a special procedure for trial when concluding a pre-trial agreement on cooperation. These procedures are characterized by a complex structure of the criminal procedural forms that form them. Target. The purpose of the article is to study the subject in the form of “transitional constructions” that ensure the transition within the framework of one criminal procedure from a procedure with one characteristic to another. The thesis is formulated that such constructions are a relatively independent, specialized complex of criminal procedural forms and their corresponding procedural decisions. Transitional constructions of interrelated procedures should be of a uniform nature, built according to general rules. Methodology. The declared object and subject of research are considered by the authors using the method of analysis, synthesis, formal legal, systemic structural and comparative legal methods of scientific knowledge. Results. The paper reveals the legal nature of the criminal procedure procedures provided for in chapters 40 and 40.1 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation. The general characteristics of transitional structures inherent in the analyzed industries are identified and considered: tasks; subjects initiating and authorizing a change in the procedural form; procedural documents formalizing the initiation and authorization of the transition from the general procedure for criminal proceedings to a differentiated one and back or to another differentiated procedure; judgments framing the relevant transition. Proposals for their improvement are formulated. Conclusion. The goal set in the work was achieved, for the first time the problems of transitional structures in simplified production were identified and considered. The obtained results can be used for further study of the phenomenon of differentiation of criminal proceedings from the point of view of a combination of criminal procedural forms that differ in their characteristics and procedural decisions corresponding to them.
Civil legal handling of pre-contractual arrangement in the Russian Federation
Authors: Nevzgodina E.L. , Parygina N.N.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Dissertation research by V.I. Boyarinova submitted for the degree of candidate of legal sciences in the specialty 12.00.03 “Civil law; business law; family law; private international law” is accomplished on a highly relevant topic providing insight into a range of theoretical and practical problems associated with pre-contractual legal arrangement in the context of healthcare services. Results. Purpose and objectives put by the author of the dissertation are achieved. Writing and design of the dissertation meet the requirements established by the Ministry of education and science of the Russian Federation. Dissertation by V.I. Boyarinova presents an input in the research of pre-contractual legal arrangement in general as well as due to healthcare services and pre-contractual liability of healthcare providers. It is a complete scientific work executed in compliance with the requirements to candidate of legal sciences dissertation of the Regulations on awarding academic degrees, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 842 of September 24, 2013 (as presently in effect).Pointed out scientific paper contains solution to problems that are of significance to civil law science and fully fit the subject of the specialty 12.00.03 “Civil law; business law; family law; private international law”. The author of the dissertation deserves the award of the academic degree of candidate of legal sciences