bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Attenuated infection by a Pteropine orthoreovirus isolated from an Egyptian fruit bat in Zambia
Authors: Harima Hayato , Sasaki Michihito , Orba Yasuko , Okuya Kosuke , Qiu Yongjin , Wastika Christida E. , Changula Katendi , Kajihara Masahiro , Simulundu Edgar , Yamaguchi Tomoyuki , Eto Yoshiki , Mori-Kajihara Akina , Sato Akihiko , Taniguchi Satoshi , Takada Ayato , Saijo Masayuki , Hang’ombe Bernard M. , Sawa Hirofumi
Published: September 2021

Background

Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging bat-borne zoonotic virus that causes severe respiratory illness in humans. Although PRVs have been identified in fruit bats and humans in Australia and Asia, little is known about the prevalence of PRV infection in Africa. Therefore, this study performed an PRV surveillance in fruit bats in Zambia.

Methods

Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus, n = 47) and straw-colored fruit bats (Eidolon helvum, n = 33) captured in Zambia in 2017–2018 were screened for PRV infection using RT-PCR and serum neutralization tests. The complete genome sequence of an isolated PRV strain was determined by next generation sequencing and subjected to BLAST and phylogenetic analyses. Replication capacity and pathogenicity of the strain were investigated using Vero E6 cell cultures and BALB/c mice, respectively.

Results

An PRV strain, tentatively named Nachunsulwe-57, was isolated from one Egyptian fruit bat. Serological assays demonstrated that 98% of sera (69/70) collected from Egyptian fruit bats (n = 37) and straw-colored fruit bats (n = 33) had neutralizing antibodies against PRV. Genetic analyses revealed that all 10 genome segments of Nachunsulwe-57 were closely related to a bat-derived Kasama strain found in Uganda. Nachunsulwe-57 showed less efficiency in viral growth and lower pathogenicity in mice than another PRV strain, Miyazaki-Bali/2007, isolated from a patient.

Conclusions

A high proportion of Egyptian fruit bats and straw-colored fruit bats were found to be seropositive to PRV in Zambia. Importantly, a new PRV strain (Nachunsulwe-57) was isolated from an Egyptian fruit bat in Zambia, which had relatively weak pathogenicity in mice. Taken together, our findings provide new epidemiological insights about PRV infection in bats and indicate the first isolation of an PRV strain that may have low pathogenicity to humans.
A graph-based cell tracking algorithm with few manually tunable parameters and automated segmentation error correction
Authors: Löffler Katharina , Scherr Tim , Mikut Ralf
Published: September 2021

Automatic cell segmentation and tracking enables to gain quantitative insights into the processes driving cell migration. To investigate new data with minimal manual effort, cell tracking algorithms should be easy to apply and reduce manual curation time by providing automatic correction of segmentation errors. Current cell tracking algorithms, however, are either easy to apply to new data sets but lack automatic segmentation error correction, or have a vast set of parameters that needs either manual tuning or annotated data for parameter tuning. In this work, we propose a tracking algorithm with only few manually tunable parameters and automatic segmentation error correction. Moreover, no training data is needed. We compare the performance of our approach to three well-performing tracking algorithms from the Cell Tracking Challenge on data sets with simulated, degraded segmentation—including false negatives, over- and under-segmentation errors. Our tracking algorithm can correct false negatives, over- and under-segmentation errors as well as a mixture of the aforementioned segmentation errors. On data sets with under-segmentation errors or a mixture of segmentation errors our approach performs best. Moreover, without requiring additional manual tuning, our approach ranks several times in the top 3 on the 6th edition of the Cell Tracking Challenge.
Detection of six novel de novo mutations in individuals with low resilience to psychological stress
Authors: Azadmarzabadi Esfandiar , Haghighatfard Arvin
Published: September 2021

Genetic bases of psychological stress resilience have been studied previously, but mechanisms and genetic variants which are involved in stress resilience are still unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the associations between variants in dopaminergic pathway genes with stress resilience. Subjects of the present study were divided into four groups. Group A included persons with normal reactions to major life events stressors; group B included persons with an acute stress reaction to major life events stressor; group C included persons with normal reactions to Crises/catastrophes stressors, and group D included persons with an acute stress reaction to Crises/catastrophes stressors. DNA was extracted from the subject’s blood, and the entire length of 14 genes DRD1, DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, DRD5, COMT, DBH, TH, MAOA, DDC, DAT, 5-HTT, BDNF, and GDNF were sequenced by automated sequencers ABI 3700. Results showed 24 point mutations in 12 genes, including 16 SNPs and six novel mutations, which were significantly correlated to low-stress resilience. Most of the SNPs were known as risk alleles in psychiatric disorders. Several associations were found between genetic variants and psychological characteristics. Findings suggest dopaminergic as an important pathway in stress and stress resilience also indicated shared genetic bases between low-stress resilience and several psychiatric disorders.
Pneumonia detection in chest X-ray images using an ensemble of deep learning models
Authors: Kundu Rohit , Das Ritacheta , Geem Zong Woo , Han Gi-Tae , Sarkar Ram
Published: September 2021

Pneumonia is a respiratory infection caused by bacteria or viruses; it affects many individuals, especially in developing and underdeveloped nations, where high levels of pollution, unhygienic living conditions, and overcrowding are relatively common, together with inadequate medical infrastructure. Pneumonia causes pleural effusion, a condition in which fluids fill the lung, causing respiratory difficulty. Early diagnosis of pneumonia is crucial to ensure curative treatment and increase survival rates. Chest X-ray imaging is the most frequently used method for diagnosing pneumonia. However, the examination of chest X-rays is a challenging task and is prone to subjective variability. In this study, we developed a computer-aided diagnosis system for automatic pneumonia detection using chest X-ray images. We employed deep transfer learning to handle the scarcity of available data and designed an ensemble of three convolutional neural network models: GoogLeNet, ResNet-18, and DenseNet-121. A weighted average ensemble technique was adopted, wherein the weights assigned to the base learners were determined using a novel approach. The scores of four standard evaluation metrics, precision, recall, f1-score, and the area under the curve, are fused to form the weight vector, which in studies in the literature was frequently set experimentally, a method that is prone to error. The proposed approach was evaluated on two publicly available pneumonia X-ray datasets, provided by Kermany et al. and the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA), respectively, using a five-fold cross-validation scheme. The proposed method achieved accuracy rates of 98.81% and 86.85% and sensitivity rates of 98.80% and 87.02% on the Kermany and RSNA datasets, respectively. The results were superior to those of state-of-the-art methods and our method performed better than the widely used ensemble techniques. Statistical analyses on the datasets using McNemar’s and ANOVA tests showed the robustness of the approach. The codes for the proposed work are available at https://github.com/Rohit-Kundu/Ensemble-Pneumonia-Detection.
Burden of neck pain and associated factors among smart phone user students in University of Gondar, Ethiopia
Authors: Ayhualem Sileshi , Alamer Abayneh , Dabi Sisay Deme , Bogale Kefale Getie , Abebe Abey Bekele , Chala Mulugeta Bayisa
Published: September 2021

Background

Mobile technology has spread rapidly around the globe. In 2018 the numbers of mobile subscribers in Ethiopia hit 66.2 million. Musculoskeletal complaints related to smartphone use in different body parts have been reported ranging from 8.2% to 89.9%. Neck pain has the highest prevalence rate, which ranges from 17.3% to 67.8%. However, there is limited evidence on the burden of neck pain related to Smartphone usage and no research is done in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the burden of neck pain and factors associated with smartphone use in Ethiopia.

Purpose

The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and factors associated with neck pain among smartphone users at University of Gondar.

Methods

Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from November to December 2019 to determine the prevalence and associated factors of neck pain, with a sample of 845 university student smartphone users at University of Gondar, Ethiopia. A self-administered questionnaire adapted from the Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire was used to collect data. Independent variables which had a significant association were identified using logistic regression models. Results were reported by using texts and frequency distribution tables.

Results

Out of 845 questionnaires distributed, 808 students responded; hence, the response rate was 95.6%. The overall prevalence of neck pain among smart phone users in the past 12 months was 47.4% (95% CI, 44.1–50.9%). Attending 5th year (AOR: 3.907, 95% CI: 1. 952–7.82) and 6th year (AOR: 2.93,95% CI: 1,304–6.59), regular physical exercise (AOR: 2.405, 95% CI: 1.549–3.734), cigarette smoking (AOR: 5.415, 95% CI: 2.685–10.919), residency (AOR: 1.681, 95% CI: 1.181–2.391), break while using smartphone (AOR: 3.253 95% CI: 2.252–4.699), used smartphone > 6 hour per day (AOR: 2.782 (1.528 95% CI: 1.528–5.063), used other devises (AOR: 3.158 95% CI: 2.128–4.689), number of social media used daily (AOR: 2.007 95% CI: 1.228–3.2788), used devise for playing game (AOR: 1.484 95% CI: 1.024–2.15) were factors significantly associated with neck pain.

Conclusion

The current study depicted that nearly half of the study participants reported neck pain in the past 12 months. Attending last year of university, personal characteristics, use of smart phone for longer period, playing game, not taking break, other electronic device use, increased number of social media use were associated with neck pain among smartphone users.
Efficacy, characteristics, behavioural models and behaviour change strategies, of non-workplace interventions specifically targeting sedentary behaviour; a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised control trials in healthy ambulatory adults
Authors: Curran Fiona , Blake Catherine , Cunningham Caitriona , Perrotta Carla , van der Ploeg Hidde , Matthews James , O’Donoghue Grainne
Published: September 2021

Background

Sedentary behaviour (SB) research has grown exponentially but efficacy for interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour is often contaminated by interventions primarily or co-targeting other behaviours and outcomes. The primary aim of this research therefore, was to systematically review the efficacy of interventions specifically targeting sedentary behaviour reduction, as a sole primary outcome, from randomised control trials in healthy ambulatory adults. This research also sought to identify the successful interventions characteristics, behaviour change techniques (BCT’s) and underlying theories, and their relation to intervention effectiveness.

Methods

We followed PRISMA reporting guidelines for this systematic review. Six electronic databases were searched and a grey literature review conducted. Only randomised or cluster randomised controlled trials, from 2000 to 2020, in adult populations with a sole primary outcome of change in sedentary behaviour were included. Data codebooks were developed, data were extracted, and a narrative synthesis and meta-analysis was conducted using mixed methods random effects models.

Results

Of 5589 studies identified, 7 studies met the inclusion criteria. Six studies reported activPAL3 measures of mean daily sitting time, and four reported mean daily standing time, stepping time and number of sedentary breaks. Pooled analysis of weighted mean differences revealed a reduction in mean daily sitting time of -32.4mins CI (-50.3, -14.4), an increase in mean daily standing time of 31.75mins CI (13.7, 49.8), and mean daily stepping time of 9.5mins CI (2.8, 16.3), and an increase in rate of sedentary breaks per day of 3.6 (CI 1.6, 5.6). BCTs used exclusively in two of the three most effective interventions are ‘feedback on behaviour’ and ‘goal setting behaviour’ whilst all three most effective interventions included ‘instruction on how to perform the behaviour’ and ‘adding objects to the environment’, BCTs which were also used in less effective interventions.

Conclusions

Although limited by small sample sizes and short follow up periods, this review suggests that interventions specifically designed to change sedentary behaviour, reduce overall daily sitting time by half an hour, with an equivalent increase in standing time, in the short to medium term. Effective characteristics and behaviour change strategies are identified for future development of high quality interventions targeting change in sedentary behaviour.

Prospero registration

PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020172457 Available from: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020172457.
HDC-Net: A hierarchical dilation convolutional network for retinal vessel segmentation
Authors: Hu Xiaolong , Wang Liejun , Cheng Shuli , Li Yongming
Published: September 2021

The cardinal symptoms of some ophthalmic diseases observed through exceptional retinal blood vessels, such as retinal vein occlusion, diabetic retinopathy, etc. The advanced deep learning models used to obtain morphological and structural information of blood vessels automatically are conducive to the early treatment and initiative prevention of ophthalmic diseases. In our work, we propose a hierarchical dilation convolutional network (HDC-Net) to extract retinal vessels in a pixel-to-pixel manner. It utilizes the hierarchical dilation convolution (HDC) module to capture the fragile retinal blood vessels usually neglected by other methods. An improved residual dual efficient channel attention (RDECA) module can infer more delicate channel information to reinforce the discriminative capability of the model. The structured Dropblock can help our HDC-Net model to solve the network overfitting effectively. From a holistic perspective, the segmentation results obtained by HDC-Net are superior to other deep learning methods on three acknowledged datasets (DRIVE, CHASE-DB1, STARE), the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, f1-score and AUC score are {0.8252, 0.9829, 0.9692, 0.8239, 0.9871}, {0.8227, 0.9853, 0.9745, 0.8113, 0.9884}, and {0.8369, 0.9866, 0.9751, 0.8385, 0.9913}, respectively. It surpasses most other advanced retinal vessel segmentation models. Qualitative and quantitative analysis demonstrates that HDC-Net can fulfill the task of retinal vessel segmentation efficiently and accurately.
Association of the functionally significant polymorphisms of the MMP9 gene with H. pylori-positive gastric ulcer in the Caucasian population of Central Russia
Authors: Dvornyk Volodymyr , Ponomarenko Irina , Minyaylo Oksana , Reshetnikov Evgeny , Churnosov Mikhail
Published: September 2021

Background and purpose

The study analyzed the association of functionally significant polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) genes with the development of gastric ulcer (GU) in Caucasians from Central Russia.

Methods

The 781 participants, including 434 patients with GU (196 Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-positive and 238 H. pylori-negative) and 347 controls (all H. pylori-negative) were recruited for the study. Ten SNPs of the MMP1 (rs1799750), MMP2 (rs243865), MMP3 (rs679620), MMP8 (rs1940475), and MMP9 (rs3918242, rs3918249, rs3787268, rs17576, rs17577, and rs2250889) genes were considered for association with GU using multiple logistic regression. The SNPs associated with GU and loci linked (r2≥0.8) to them were analyzed in silico for their functional assignments.

Results

The SNPs of the MMP9 gene were associated with H. pylori-positive GU: alleles C of rs3918249 (OR = 2.02, pperm = 0.008) and A of rs3787268 (OR = 1.60–1.82, pperm ≤ 0.016), and eight haplotypes of all studied MMP9 gene SNPs (OR = 1.85–2.04, pperm ≤ 0.016) increased risk for H. pylori-positive GU. None of the analyzed SNPs was independently associated with GU and H. pylori-negative GU. Two haplotypes of the MMP9 gene (contributed by rs3918242, rs3918249, rs17576, and rs3787268) increased risk for GU (OR = 1.62–1.65, pperm ≤ 0.006). Six loci of the MMP9 gene, which are associated with H. pylori-positive GU, and 65 SNPs linked to them manifest significant epigenetic effects, have pronounced eQTL (17 genes) and sQTL (6 genes) values.

Conclusion

SNPs of the MMP9 were associated with H. pylori-positive GU but not with H. pylori-negative GU in Caucasians of Central Russia.
Quietness, isolation and reimagining contact in the city after the pandemic
Authors: Ramirez Gracia
Published: September 2021

In the beginning of April 2020, visual artist Daniel Solomons and myself, a film scholar, set out to collaborate to produce something in response to the experience of the lockdown. We departed from a set of video images recorded in London’s Liverpool Street Station in March 2019. From the distance of confinement and the stillness of the worldwide shutdown of passenger transport, the video images of the frantic movement of people in one of London’s biggest train stations had acquired a different dimension. We wrote a text to accompany the images which took as driving force the last words of Wallace Stevens’ poem ‘The House Was Quiet and the World Was Calm’ (2006). The poem evokes an image of quietness and contentment that created various contradictions with the situation that we had been thrown into. We wanted to explore the feeling of seeing mass mobility from the perspective of stillness and belonging to the past as in the present was to be avoided.
John Smith’s Covid Messages
Authors: Balsom Erika
Published: September 2021

Since May 2020, John Smith has been at work on an episodic series called Covid Messages, made from repurposed footage of press conferences in which Prime Minister Boris Johnson briefs the public on the status of the pandemic. Through six darkly funny instalments, the artist plays with the press conference as a site of ‘coded messages’, assailing the vacancy of political speech and the grotesque manoeuvres of the Conservative government with his characteristic wit. The following conversation took place online on 17 December 2020.
Unpredictable Times: In memoriam Carole Chant (or Finer) and John Russell
Authors: Regina Blanca
Published: September 2021

‘Unpredictable Times’ could be a term to define the moment we are living in. It is also the name of a programme of audio-visual art curated by Unpredictable Series: Steve Beresford, Pierre Bouvier Patron and myself, conceived when the pandemic started and premiered online on Saturday, 27 June 2020.
Cinema Expanded: Avant-Garde Film in the Age of Intermedia, Jonathan Walley (2020)
Authors: Recoder Luis A.
Published: September 2021

Review of: Cinema Expanded: Avant-Garde Film in the Age of Intermedia, Jonathan Walley (2020)

New York: Oxford University Press, 576 pp.,

ISBN: 978-0-19093-863-5, h/bk, £81.00

ISBN 978-0-19093-864-2, p/bk, £25.99
Displacements: Reading Space and Time in Moving Image Installations, Alison Butler (2019)
Authors: Elwes Catherine
Published: September 2021

Review of: Displacements: Reading Space and Time in Moving Image Installations, Alison Butler (2019)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 178 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-03030-461-4, h/bk, €62.39; eBook, €49.99
Információtechnológiai beruházások megtérülésének modellezése: Problémák és megoldások egy vállalati portál példáján
Authors: Aranyossy Márta , Nemeslaki András
Published: September 2021

Az internetes befektetési hullám eufóriája után világossá vált a világban és Magyarországon is, hogy az IT szektor csak úgy tud növekedni, ha világosan megmutatja felhasználóinak, hogy az általuk elköltött pénz miként vezet megtakarításokhoz, hozamokhoz, azaz a projektek megtérüléséhez. A szerzők véleménye szerint az IT projektek ilyen elveken való értékelésének pragmatikus nehézségeit néhány modellépítési probléma gátolja, többek között ezek is akadályozzák, hogy a vállalatok szélesebb körben alkalmazzák ezeket, és ezáltal az IT befektetésekbe nagyobb üzleti önbizalommal vágjanak bele. Cikkükben részletesen áttekintik a következő problémaköröket, és használható megoldásokat is javasolnak hozzájuk: a) becslési problémák, a jövőbeli pénzáramlások feltárásának és becslésének megbízhatósága, b) bizonytalanság és kockázat, különösen a tőke alternatívaköltségének figyelembevétele, c) a pénz időértéke, azaz a különböző időpontokban jelentkező pénzáramlások összehasonlíthatóságának kérdése, d) opciós szemléleten keresztül a beruházásban rejlő jövőbeli döntési lehetőségek modellezése, c) értékelés, azaz milyen utóelemzési technikák használhatók az eredmények értékeléséhez.
A modern információtechnológiák alkalmazásának hatása a gazdaság versenyképességére
Authors: Némethné Pál Katalin
Published: September 2021

A gazdaság fejlődésében bizonyos technológiák elterjedése, alkalmazásba vétele egész korszakok növekedését - nem csupán a mértékét, de a növekedés szerkezetét, társadalomra gyakorolt hatását is - alapvetően meghatározzák. így határozta meg a gőz munkára fogása a XIX., az elektromos energia felhasználása a XX. század arculatát és úgy tűnik, hogy a XXI. századét az informatika rajzolja meg. A számítástechnika, az internet, a mobilkommunikáció (közhasznú rövidítéssel: ICT) történetéről, dinamizáló hatásáról már a múlt század utolsó éveiben sokat tudtunk, most az érdeklődés afelé fordult, hogyan terjed, és milyen hatásokkal jár az információtechnológia a gazdaság „hagyományos” ágazataiban. Ebben a cikkben a GKI Gazdaságkutató Rt. e témában folytatott kutatásainak1 első eredményeit foglalja össze a szerző.
Theory of Knowledge (Epistemology) and Application in Youth Livelihood Project: the case of Emmanuel Development Association, in Ethiopia
Authors: Woldegiorgis Tessema B.
Published: September 2021

Before we discuss the practices of knowledge in youth livelihood projects in EDA it would be relevant to define the philosophy of knowledge (epistemology) first. The philosophy of knowledge is Epistemology, and it is the branch of philosophy concerned with knowledge. Epistemologists study the nature, origin, and scope of knowledge, epistemic justification, the rationality of belief, and various related issues. Epistemology concerns itself with ways of knowing and how we know. The word is derived from the Greek words epistéme and logos – the former term meaning “knowledge” and that latter term meaning “study of” (Donald, 1967).
Optimization of compact fuzzy controllers used for temperature regulation
Authors: Espitia Cuchango Helbert Eduardo , Machón-González Iván , López-García Hilario
Published: September 2021

This document shows the optimization of different configurations of a compact fuzzy controller for temperature regulation in a room; such configurations are established considering the analogy with different discrete linear controllers; the model is characterized by several heat transfer components. The results show that the optimization process allows adequate tuning of most of the fuzzy controllers. The initial configuration is relevant for the optimization of the controllers; finally, the best result is obtained with the configuration PID of the compact controller.
Virtual Instrumentation for load cell signal processing
Authors: Vega Gómez Leonardo César , Pavoni Oliver Sonnia , Criado Cruz Dilaila , Escartín Fernández Víctor Eugenio
Published: September 2021

In different spheres of everyday life it is very important to determine the weight of substances, objects and peoples. Strain gauges are widely used in load cells for electronic scales. However, the signal from these transducers presents noise due to various factors. This work presents a virtual instrument developed in LabVIEW for acquisition and processing of the AC108B/BW load cell signal. A moving average digital filter was developed, in order to decrease the amplitude of the signal noise.
Scutellarin-induced A549 cell apoptosis depends on activation of the transforming growth factor-β1/smad2/ROS/caspase-3 pathway
Authors: Zhang Guang-Yan , Chen Wei-Yong , Li Xiao-Bo , Ke Hua , Zhou Xue-Lin
Published: September 2021

Scutellarin plays an anti-tumor role in A549 lung cancer cells, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, scutellarin was used to treat A549 cells for 12, 24, and 48 h, followed by the addition of Tempo, a selective scavenger of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and SB431542, a transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 receptor inhibitor. A dihydroethidium fluorescence probe was used to measure the intracellular ROS level, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to detect cell viability, and flow cytometry was performed to examine apoptosis. Western blots were used to detect the total protein level of TGF-β1, p-smad2, and cleaved caspase-3 in A549 cells. The results showed that scutellarin significantly inhibited cell viability and increased apoptosis. Scutellarin also promoted intracellular ROS production, TGF-β1/smad2 signaling pathway activation, and cleaved caspase-3 expression, which was partly reversed by Tempo. Moreover, scutellarin-induced intracellular ROS production and cleaved caspase-3 expression were inhibited by blocking the TGF-β1/smad2 pathway with SB431542. In conclusion, scutellarin promoted apoptosis and intracellular ROS accumulation, which could be abrogated by Tempo and SB431542 treatment in A549 cells. Our study indicated that scutellarin induced A549 cell apoptosis via the TGF-β1/smad2/ROS/caspase-3 pathway.
Evidence for bicomponent fibers: A review
Authors: Zhu Shufang , Meng Xin , Yan Xu , Chen Shaojuan
Published: September 2021

Recently, bicomponent fibers have been attracting much attention due to their unique structural characteristics and properties. A common concern was how to characterize a bicomponent fiber. In this review, we generally summarized the classification, structural characteristics, preparation methods of the bicomponent fibers, and focused on the experimental evidence for the identification of bicomponent fibers. Finally, the main challenges and future perspectives of bicomponent fibers and their characterization are provided. We hope that this review will provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the design and characterization of bicomponent fibers.
A note on special cubic fourfolds of small discriminants
Authors: Truong Hoang Le , Yen Hoang Ngoc
Published: September 2021

In this paper, our purpose is to give a characterization of the generic special cubic fourfold which contains a smooth rational surface of degree 9 not homologous to a complete intersection. As corollaries, we will give an explicit construction of families of smooth surfaces in generic special cubic fourfolds

X
∈

𝒞
δ

{X\in\mathcal{C}_{\delta}}

for

6
<
δ
≤
30

{6<\delta\leq 30}

and

δ
≡

0

(

mod
6

)

{\delta\equiv 0~{}(\bmod~{}6)}

. This applies in particular to give an explicit construction of two different liaison class of smooth surfaces in all such special cubic fourfolds with the prescribed invariants.
Optimization of heat transfer and pressure drop of the channel flow with baffle
Authors: Ghobadi Behzad , Kowsary Farshad , Veysi Farzad
Published: September 2021

In this article, the numerical analysis has been carried out to optimize heat transfer and pressure drop in the horizontal channel in the presence of a rectangular baffle and constant temperature in two-dimension. For this aim, the governing differential equation has been solved by computational fluid dynamics software. The Reynolds numbers are in the range of 2,000 < Re < 10,000 and the working fluid is water. While the periodic boundary condition has been applied at the inlet, outlet, and the channel wall, axisymmetric boundary condition has been used for channel axis. For modeling and optimizing the turbulence, k–ω SST model and genetic algorithm have been applied, respectively. The results illustrate that adding a rectangular baffle to the channel enhances heat transfer and pressure drop. Hence, the heat transfer performance factor along with maximum heat transfer and minimum pressure drop has been investigated and the effective geometrical parameters have been introduced. As can be seen, there is an inverse relationship between baffle step and both heat transfer and pressure drop so that for p/d equal to 0.5, 1, and 1.25, the percentage of increase in Nusselt number is 141, 124, and 120% comparing to a simple channel and the increase in friction factor is 5.5, 5, and 4.25 times, respectively. The results of modeling confirm the increase in heat transfer performance and friction factor in the baffle with more height. For instance, when the Reynolds number and height are 5,000 and 3 mm, the Nusselt number and friction factor have been increased by 35% and 2.5 times, respectively. However, for baffle with 4 mm height, the increase in the Nusselt number and friction factor is 68% and 5.57 times, respectively. It is also demonstrated that by increasing Reynolds number, the maximum heat transfer performance has been decreased which is proportional to the increase in p/d and h/d. Moreover, the maximum heat transfer performance in 2,000 Reynolds number is 1.5 proportional to p/d of 0.61 and h/d of 0.36, while for 10,000 Reynolds number, its value is 1.19 in high p/d of 0.93 and h/d of 0.15. The approaches of the present study can be used for optimizing heat transfer performance where geometrical dimensions are not accessible or the rectangular baffle has been applied for heat transfer enhancement.
Genotype and phenotypic spectrum of vitamin D dependent rickets type 1A: our experience and systematic review
Authors: Dodamani Manjunath Havalappa , Sehemby Manjeetkaur , Memon Saba Samad , Sarathi Vijaya , Lila Anurag R. , Chapla Aaron , Bhandare Vishwambhar Vishnu , Patil Virendra A. , Shah Nalini S. , Thomas Nihal , Kunwar Ambarish , Bandgar Tushar R.
Published: September 2021

Background

Vitamin D dependent rickets type 1 (VDDR1) is a rare disease due to pathogenic variants in 1-α hydroxylase gene. We describe our experience with systematic review of world literature to describe phenotype and genotype.

Methods

Seven patients from six unrelated families with genetically proven VDDR1 from our cohort and 165 probands from systematic review were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical features, biochemistry, genetics, management, and long-term outcome were retrieved.

Results

In our cohort, the median age at presentation and diagnosis was 11(4–18) and 40(30–240) months. The delayed diagnoses were due to misdiagnoses as renal tubular acidosis and hypophosphatemic rickets. Four had hypocalcemic seizures in infancy whereas all had rickets by 2 years. All patients had biochemical response to calcitriol, however two patients diagnosed post-puberty had persistent deformity. Genetic analysis revealed two novel (p.Met260Arg, p.Arg453Leu) and a recurring variant (p.Phe443Profs*24). Systematic review showed that seizures as most common presentation in infancy, whereas delayed motor milestones and deformities after infancy. Diagnosis was delayed in 27 patients. Patients with unsatisfactory response despite compliance were >12 years at treatment initiation. Inappropriately normal 1,25(OH)2D may be present, however suppressed ratio of 1,25(OH)2 D/25(OH)D may provide a clue to diagnosis. Various region specific and hot-spot recurrent variants are described. Patients with truncating variants had higher daily calcitriol requirement and greatly suppressed ratio of 1,25(OH)2D/25(OH)D.

Conclusion

Delayed diagnosis may lead to permanent short stature and deformities. Truncating variants tend to have severe disease as compared to non-truncating variants. Diagnostic accuracy of 1,25(OH)2 D/25(OH)D ratio needs further validation.
Triple-Endobutton and clavicular hook: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Zhang Sujie , Zhang Haojie , Wang Jiabo , Ma Xuehai , Gu Shaohua
Published: September 2021

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 635 patients with acute acromioclavicular dislocation, who underwent surgery in our hospital between May 2014 and June 2020. Patients were divided into group A (clavicular hook plate) and group B (Triple-Endobutton plates via double-incision). The propensity score analysis using one to one match was performed for comparisons. We obtained 292 matched patients’ data. The matched preoperative clinical characteristics were a balance between the two groups. All clinical parameters showed insignificant differences (P > 0.05). Compared with group A, group B has longer operative time (P < 0.001) and more blood loss (P < 0.001); however, the mean incision length (P < 0.001) and length of hospitalization (P < 0.001) were shorter in group B than in the group A. The mean VAS in group B were significantly lower than in group A at each time point (P < 0.001), and the UCLA shoulder score was higher in the group B. The CMS scores were also higher in group B than in group A, including before removal and 12 weeks after removal (P < 0.001). The clinical efficacy of the double-incision Triple-Endobutton plate is better than the clavicular hook plate technology, and achieves anatomical reduction by reconstructing coracoclavicular ligament.
Crystal structure of (8R,10R,14R,Z)-12-hydroxy-2-((6-methoxypyridin-2-yl)methylene)-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-17-((R)-2,6,6-trimethyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)hexadecahydro-3H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one–water (2/1), C37H56NO4.5
Authors: Luo Qin , Meng Qing-Guo , Hou Gui-Ge , Jiang Sheng , Jin Yong-Sheng , Gao Yue
Published: September 2021

C37H56NO4.5, tetragonal, P41212/c (no. 92), a = 10.4368(10) Å, b = 10.4268(10) Å, c = 61.5166(11) Å, V = 6700.80(18) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0557, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1350, T = 100 K.
The crystal structure of bis(6-phenylpyridine-2-carboxylate-κ2
N,O)-(2,2′-bipyridine-κ2
N,N′)zinc(II) monohydrate, C34H26N4O5Zn
Authors: Wang Li-Hua , Wang Zi-Jian , Ouyang Jian , Tai Xi-Shi
Published: September 2021

C34H26N4O5Zn, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 29.3891(18) Å, b = 10.3260(5) Å, c = 19.9101(11) Å, V = 5783.1(6) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0334, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0759, T = 199.99(10) K.
Crystal structure of dichlorido-bis(4-chlorophenyl-κC
1)(2,2′-bipyridyl-κ
2
N,N′)tin(IV), C22H16Cl4N2Sn
Authors: Lo Kong Mun , Lee See Mun , Tiekink Edward R. T.
Published: September 2021

C22H16Cl4N2Sn, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 10.0393(1) Å, b = 14.4490(2) Å, c = 14.1502(2) Å, β = 92.846(1)°, V = 2050.07(5) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0224, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0590, T = 100 K.
Jewish Nietzscheanism
Authors: Holub Robert C.
Published: September 2021

Jewish Nietzscheans have traditionally shied away from any detailed examination of Nietzsche’s comments on contemporary Jewry or the Jewish religion. Scholars who have examined Jewish Nietzscheans have therefore sought to connect Nietzsche with some dimension of Jewish thought through similarities in views between Nietzsche and the Jewish intellectuals who were purportedly influenced by him. The two books under consideration in this essay strain to find solid connections between Nietzsche’s philosophy and the writings of eminent Jewish writers. Daniel Rynhold and Michael Harris examine how selected Nietzschean concepts can also be found in the work of the noted Jewish thinker Rabbi Joseph Soloveitchik. David Ohana, by contrast, examines a variety of Jewish writers who at some point exhibited an enthusiasm for Nietzsche, ranging from Hebrew scholars and translators to German-Jewish intellectuals. Both books suffer from many of the shortcomings of general Nietzschean influence studies: there is often no sound philological evidence of influence, or the “connection” is so general that it is difficult to see Nietzsche as the source of influence, or the alleged influence was of short duration, and it is difficult to understand what remains Nietzschean in the individual influenced.
Die Wahrheit des fiktionalen Mythos
Authors: Döhn Raphael
Published: September 2021

Dieser Beitrag fokussiert den von Hans Jonas in Der Gottesbegriff nach Auschwitz. Eine jüdische Stimme als Antwort auf die Theodizeefrage skizzierten Mythos und setzt ihn in Beziehung zu Fiktionalitätsdiskursen. An die Darstellung und Erläuterung des Mythos schließen sich Ausführungen zu den ihm zugrundeliegenden Quellen (u. a. Gnosis, Kabbala, Hegel) sowie zu Jonas’ eigenen Reflexionen zur Textgattung und zu den Kernaussagen des Mythos an. Nach einer christlich-theologischen Würdigung der jonasschen Religionsphilosophie wird der Mythos unter Bezugnahme auf Fiktionalitätsdiskurse betrachtet und auf Berührungspunkte mit jüdischen, christlichen und gnostischen Weltentstehungs- und Welterklärungserzählungen aufmerksam gemacht.
Reading Confessions of the Flesh as the Second Volume of the History of Sexuality
Authors: Rolfsen Raag
Published: September 2021

In this article, I propose a different reading of Foucault’s newly published work than suggested by the publishers and in initial reviews. I question the claim that it represents the fourth volume of the History of Sexuality and rather propose to regard it as an intended second volume. Comparing Foucault’s final plan of publication of the series with the background and stated purpose of Les aveux de la chair, I hold that it is part of a different philosophical project than volumes two and three. Foucault wrote Les aveux de la chair to explore the roots of modern power in the experiences that early Christianity occasioned. This makes the work relevant for current theology and the philosophy of religion.
The Convergence of Self and Informant Reports in a Large Online Sample
Authors: Zola Anne , Condon David M. , Revelle William
Published: September 2021

Despite their added benefits, informant-reports are largely underutilized in personality research. We demonstrate the feasibility of collecting informant-reports online, where researchers have unprecedented access to large, global populations. Using an entirely free, opt-in procedure tied to an existing personality survey, we collected 1,554 informant-reports for 921 unique targets, in conjunction with over 158,000 self-reports. Informant-reports showed a strong correspondence to self-reported traits at three levels of analysis: among the Big Five domains, the lower-level SPI-27 factors (Condon, 2018), and at the item-scale level. Among the Big Five, self-informant agreement ranged between .63 and .72, except for Openness (.42). Higher informant-ratings of Extraversion were positively associated with all Big Five self-ratings in the direction of social desirability. Across the Big Five and the 27 lower-order traits, agreement was strongest between self-reports of compassion and informant-reports of agreeableness (.74) and weakest between self-reported emotional expressiveness and informant-reported emotional stability (.02). Agreement between informants was roughly equivalent for all of the Big Five traits (.29 to .35) and attractiveness (.37), though agreement between informants for perceived intelligence was non-significant. In addition, we empirically identified the self-report items that best predict what informants say about targets, highlighting the features of self-reported personality that are most readily confirmed by informants. Finally, we discuss group level differences of participants who interacted with the informant-report system at various levels. In general, participants who sought and provided informant reports are more open and agreeable than the general sample, though targets’ personality did not affect whether or not invited informants provided ratings.
Kearns texture parameters, mechanical properties and damageability of titanium sheet after alternating bending
Authors: Usov V.V. , Shkatulyak N.M. , Savchuk O.S. , Rybak N.I.
Published: September 2021

This work aims to determine the Kearns texture parameters and evaluate on their basis the elastic moduli, mechanical properties (ultimate tensile strength, conditional yield stress), as well as damageability parameters of the sheets commercial titanium (CT-grade 1: 0.04% Fe; 0.015% C; 0.05% N 0.05% c; 0.009% H)  as delivered after rolling and annealing at 840°C (original sheet) and further alternating bending (AB) in the amount of 0.5; 1, 3 and 5 cycles. Damageability parameters characterizing damage accumulation were determined from the elastic modulus change after the above-mentioned number of AB cycles relative to the values ​​of the elastic modulus in different directions of the original sheet of the studied titanium. The elastic constants of the single crystal and the Kearns texture parameters were used to estimate the elastic modulus in the rolling direction (RD) and transverse direction (TD) of the original sheet, and sheets after an above number of AB cycles. The deviation of the calculated and experimental values ​​of the elastic modulus did not exceed 5%. The deviation of the calculated and experimental values of the ultimate tensile strength and yield stress in the RD and TD both in the initial state and after the corresponding number cycles of the AB did not exceed 10%.
Numerical investigation on erosion wear and strength of main gas pipelines bends
Authors: Doroshenko Ya.V. , Kogut G.М. , Rybitskyi I.V. , Tarayevs'kyy O.S. , Pyrig T.Yu.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this work is to ensuring the strength of main gas pipelines bends by studying the peculiarities of single-phase and multiphase flows movement through the internal cavity, the processes of erosion wear and the wall stress state. The problem of synergistic influence of gas-dynamic processes (uneven pressure distribution in the internal cavity), temperature difference and erosion wear on the stress state of the bends of main gas pipelines was solved by numerical simulation. Based on the results of simulation the processes of bends erosion wear, an algorithm for three-dimensional simulation of bend walls erosion defects was developed. The complex three-dimensional geometric shape of the erosion defects of the bend wall varied according to the rate of erosion wear process. This algorithm made it possible to determine the regularities for the influence of the bend erosion defects magnitude on bends stress state. It was established that considering the maximum depth of bend erosion defects 9.6 mm, 10.5 mm and 11.9 mm, the equivalent stresses in the deepest places of the erosion defect were greater than on the concave side of the bend and in straight sections of the pipeline.
Chebyshev approximation of the multivariable functions by some nonlinear expressions
Authors: Malachivskyy Petro
Published: September 2021

A method for constructing a Chebyshev approximation of the multivariable functions by exponential, logarithmic and power expressions is proposed. It consists in reducing the problem of the Chebyshev approximation by a nonlinear expression to the construction of an intermediate Chebyshev approximation by a generalized polynomial. The intermediate Chebyshev approximation by a generalized polynomial is calculated for the values of a certain functional transformation of the function we are approximating. The construction of the Chebyshev approximation of the multivariable functions by a polynomial is realized by an iterative scheme based on the method of least squares with a variable weight function.
Approximation of discontinuous functions of three variables by discontinuous interpolation splines
Authors: Pershyna Iuliia
Published: September 2021

In this paper, discontinuous interpolation splines of three variables are constructed and a method for reconstructing of the discontinuous internal structure of a three-dimensional body by constructed splines is proposed. It is believed that a three-dimensional object, which is described by a function of three variables with discontinuities of the first kind on a given grid of nodes, is completely covered by a system of parallelepipeds. The experimental data are the one-sided value of the discontinuous function in a given grid of nodes. In the article, theorems on interpolation properties and the error of the constructed discontinuous structures are formulated and proved. Moreover, the constructed discontinuous interpolation splines include, as a special case, classical continuous splines. The developed approximation method can be applied in three-dimensional mathematical modeling of discontinuous processes, including in computed tomography.
Dielectrometry of hydration of fl avin mononucleotide and DNA
Authors:   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of NAS of Ukraine, Kashpur V. , Khorunzhaya O. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of NAS of Ukraine, Pesina D. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of NAS of Ukraine
Published: September 2021

Subject and Purpose. The elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of action of biomolecules is necessary for the development of state-of-the-art means of diagnosing and treatment. Dielectric studies in the millimeter wave range are effective for puzzling out the nature of the interaction of biomolecules with a surrounding aqueous solvent. Flavin mononucleotide (FMN), which can kill microorganisms and destroy cancer cells, is of particular interest. The aim of the work is to recognize hydration effects (changes in the state of water molecules) in FMN solutions. Methods and Methodology. The complex dielectric permittivity (CDP) is measured in the EHF range. Knowing the difference between the CDP of FMN solution and the CDP of water we find the difference, D es , between the effective dielectric permittivities in terms of the Debye theory of polar liquids. Since the relaxation time of dipoles of bound water is one or two orders of magnitude longer than that of free water, the amount of the difference D es characterizes the hydration of biomolecules. At low concentrations, this difference is proportional to the number of bound water molecules. Results. It has been shown that approximately18 water molecules are bound to the FMN molecule. Groups of atoms as the most probable hydration centers (primarily due to the hydrogen bonds) have been indicated. As the pH decreases, the number of water molecules bound to the Flavin mononucleotide increases to 21. The study of the FMN–DNA solution has shown that one nucleotide accounts for 25–26 bound water molecules in total. However, composing hydration numbers assumes a quantity of components less than 20. An assumption is made that the additional components are due to the cooperative nature of the hydration, leading to the fact that even if some solvent molecules do not come into a direct contact with hydration centers, they are under the influence of biomolecules all the same. Conclusion. Extremely-high-frequency dielectrometry is an effective method of research into the interaction of biomolecules with a water-ionic solvent. A FMN hydration model has been proposed, which indicates probable hydration centers and tells a measure of their effect on the solvent. It has been found that the FMN with DNA interaction increases the number of bound water molecules per one nucleotide of the DNA. The obtained results have been compared to the existing models of the DNA with FMN interaction.