bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What Does an IMoART Application Look Like? IMoART—An Interactive Mobile Augmented Reality Application for Support Learning Experiences in Computer Hardware
Authors: Samala Agariadne Dwinggo , Howard Natalie-Jane , Criollo-C Santiago , Budiman Ridho Dedy Arief , Hakiki Muhammad , Hidayah Yayuk
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to develop an interactive mobile application based on augmented reality (IMoART), which could contribute to reshaping the learning paradigm in computer hardware courses. The IMoART application employs a marker-based tracking method. Accessible on smartphones, it integrates into the learning process, is attractive to students, and fosters engagement as users can visualize hardware through 3D objects. The application serves as an alternative and supplementary learning tool to make the educational experience more enjoyable while potentially reducing school expenditures. The results of the development process, which involved using the 4D model (define, design, develop, and disseminate), showed that the IMoART application is effective, with notable feasibility scores of 3.68 for the media aspect and 3.81 for the material aspect, as evaluated by media and subject matter experts. User responses from teachers and students further support the positive outcomes of the IMoART application, achieving a robust practicality score of 84.68%. Noteworthy aspects such as ease of navigation, clarity, aesthetic features, and instructional quality demonstrate high practicality. This study contributes significantly to the literature by presenting an evaluated model that offers an enjoyable and efficient learning experience using 3D objects, videos, images, simulations, and interactive animations in the context of computer hardware learning.
Leveraging Problem-Based Learning via Virtual Environments to Enhance Business Students’ English and Motivation
Authors: AbdAlgane Mohammed , Ali Rabea , Elkot Mohamed A. , Youssif Eltaieb Mohamed Zaki
Published: July 2024

This study investigates leveraging a problem-based learning (PBL) approach via virtual environments (VEs) to enhance English reading and writing skills and motivation among business students. The random sample consisted of 60 students in the Customer Service Section of the Applied College. The students were divided into two groups: the experimental group, which was exposed to the PBL approach via the Blackboard system, and the control group, which received traditional instruction. The authors used a quasi-experimental design, a pre-post-test, and a motivation scale. A T-test was used to compare the two groups at the post-test. The findings revealed substantial differences between the experimental and control groups in English for business students (reading comprehension and writing). Additionally, there was a momentous variance between the two groups on the motivational scale. The study proved that using the PBL approach with the VEs positively influenced students’ English for business and motivation. The study has some recommendations for future research, including evaluating virtual learning platforms, conducting longitudinal studies, and incorporating qualitative measures to enhance English language learning opportunities.
A Conceptual Approach of an Integrated Multi Criteria Decision Making Techniques and Deep Learning for Construction Project Managers Selection Problem
Authors: Mohd Nasrun Mohd Nawi  , Mohd Faizal Omar  , Ruba Ahmad Odeh  , Abdul Ghafur Hanafi  , Faizatul Akmar Abdul Nifa  , Mohd Kamarul Irwan Abdul Rahim
Published: July 2024

The success of a construction project depends on several critical success factors in such a hazardous scenario characterized by COVID-19 and its consequent stress. One important factor is supervision by a competent project manager with higher emotional intelligence (EI) skills especially in these pandemic times of uncertainty. The selection of this kind of project manager is, by nature, one of the most important and, at the same time, most complicated decisions to be made due to a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. Based on previous studies, the human emotion element is often overlooked in the decision-making process. Modern evaluation would require a multimodal dataset to evaluate a competent candidate for the position. In addition, it is identified that classical MCDM is static and unable to quantify real-time human emotion. Hence, in this study, our approach uses an integrated techniques for MCDM and deep learning to address the managers’ selection problem. Accordingly, a number of techniques, such as convolutional neural networks and other variations of algorithms, will be tested and compared. The emotion in our facial emotion recognition intensities value will be forwarded to MCDM as part of the input and eventually yield a non-bias and quality decision. It is anticipated that this study will enable employers to simplify and implement an effective decision-making process by embedding EI into the decision-making process to improve the quality of their hires and source the perfect candidate for construction project managers. Therefore, this study is aligned with the national construction agenda under the Construction 4.0 Strategic Plan (2021–2025), which requires changes to be made within the construction industry in tandem with the rapid development of technology and smarter systems. It emphasizes the utilization of digital technology as well as skills and knowledge enhancement.
Wearable Processors Architecture: A Comprehensive Analysis of 64-bit ARM Processors
Authors: Shaheen Ameen , Alzyadat Wael , Al-Shaikh Ala’a , Alhroob Aysh
Published: July 2024

Wearable devices are playing an important role in our daily lives. Nowadays, wearable devices have transformative implications for health, technology, connectivity, humancomputer interaction, and data analytics. Their importance lies in their ability to enhance various aspects of life and contribute to the ongoing evolution of digital landscapes. At the heart of smartwatch design, the processor takes center stage, driving the majority of advancements in smartwatch technology. This paper presents an experimental comparative study of ARM 64-bit processors, analyzing their performance and impact on power consumption, CPU usage, and battery temperature. We evaluate the characteristics of four smartwatch processors: Snapdragon W5+, Snapdragon Wear4100, Exynos W920, and Exynos W930. All of those smartwatches are equipped with ARM 64-bit processors. Our results indicate that none of the four selected smartwatches excelled in all aspects; each exhibits superiority over the others in specific features while being surpassed by others in different attributes.
Visual Programming for Human Detection Using FaceNet in Pocket Code
Authors: Uddin Md. Salah , Slany Wolfgang
Published: July 2024

Pocket Code is a visual programming-based mobile application for creating games, animations, music, videos, and other types of applications. This paper presents the integration of face recognition capabilities into Pocket Code through a visual programming interface based on the FaceNet architecture. The FaceNet dataset is used to train and deploy a face recognition model in Pocket Code visual programming. Integration of the FaceNet algorithm into Pocket Code aims to enhance the accessibility and simplicity of facial recognition technology for students and developers. Building face recognition applications typically involves writing complex code, which can be challenging for both beginners and experienced developers. The Pocket Code visual programming blocks have simplified the process, enabling anyone to easily incorporate face detection into their projects, irrespective of their coding experience. The article discusses the implementation and performance assessment of the FaceNet algorithm in Pocket Code visual programming.
Using Digital Video Recordings in Class Activities for Enhancing Mathematics Pre-Service Teachers’ Reflective Thinking
Authors: Daher Wajeeh , Baya'a Nimer F. , Jaber Otman , Shayeb Huda
Published: July 2024

Digital video recordings (DVRs) have become an effective tool in sustainable teacher education. In the current study, our aim was to investigate the impact of utilizing mobile applications for DVRs in classroom activities, designed to address misconceptions of mathematical concepts, on pre-service teachers’ capacity of reflective thinking. Two groups of approximately 10 PSTs participated in an education program. The participants learned as third-year students in the Department of Mathematics Education. Interviews and digital video-recorded observations were used as data collection tools. Deductive and inductive content analysis would be used as data analysis tools. The study showed that the DVR environment constituted a sustainable educational environment that supported PSTs’ development in writing reflections on their mathematics teaching. These results underscore the significance of using digital platforms for PSTs’ education, particularly for promoting metacognitive thinking practices such as reflective thinking.
Des plantes et des jardiniers dans la ville. Socio-écologie des jardins familiaux
Authors: Di Pietro Francesca , Gosset Stéphanie , Coly Roger
Published: July 2024

Les jardins familiaux sont des espaces de choix pour analyser les liens entre diversité végétale et diversité sociale. Cette étude entend caractériser la diversité végétale cultivée et spontanée de ces espaces et analyser ses liens avec les caractéristiques socio-démographiques des jardiniers. Sur la base des données provenant de 150 parcelles de jardins familiaux de deux métropoles ligériennes, nous analysons d’abord l’imbrication complexe d’espaces et d’acteurs des jardins familiaux et décrivons la diversité socio-démographique des jardiniers. Nous montrons ensuite le contraste entre la diversité élevée des plantes cultivées et la diversité limitée de la flore spontanée et des micro-habitats des parcelles, et identifions les effets du genre, du milieu social, de la situation résidentielle et de l’origine rurale ou urbaine des jardiniers, sur la diversité végétale. La responsabilité des normes de jardinage transmises par les gestionnaires, et de l’unicité de la fonction alimentaire de ces espaces, est soulignée.
Circulations musicales entre la France et l’URSS 1950-1980
Authors: Filimonov Dimitri
Published: July 2024

À partir du milieu des années 1950, l’intérêt des Soviétiques pour la musique française ne cesse de croître. Reproduite souvent de façon illégale au vu des droits d’auteur, elle obtient un succès inégalé et inspire plusieurs artistes soviétiques qui en font des adaptations à succès. Soigneusement sélectionnées par les instances idéologiques, certaines chansons françaises évoquent les liens franco-soviétiques, d’autres permettent d’introduire un écho de la musique américaine sur la scène soviétique. Cet article s’attache à analyser les différentes voies de diffusion de la musique française en Union soviétique, leurs modes d’appropriation par le champ culturel soviétique et les enjeux politiques de ces contacts. L’étude s’appuie sur un large corpus de sources : les archives des agences artistiques responsables de l’organisation des tournées des artistes français en URSS, les archives de la SACEM concernant les droits d’auteur sur les œuvres françaises reproduites en Union soviétique, mais aussi un nombre de sources privées présentant des témoignages des Soviétiques au sujet de leur perception de la musique française.
Décrypter la chute de l’URSS et l’émergence de la nouvelle Russie
Authors: Momzikoff Sophie
Published: July 2024

Cette contribution interroge l’éventualité d’une « démobilisation culturelle » au sein des cercles politiques et stratégiques français vis à vis de l’Union soviétique, entre 1989 et 1992. Comment lit-on alors l’avenir des relations entre la France et l’URSS ? L’Union soviétique est-elle perçue comme un allié potentiel au sein d’un nouveau système européen ? Ou alors est-elle toujours considérée comme une menace potentielle ? Cet article s’appuie sur les archives du Quai d’Orsay, plus particulièrement sur celles de son centre d’analyse et de prévision et sur les documents de l’Ambassade de France à Moscou.
Nanotechnology and Soil Health
Authors: Srivastava Seweta , Mehta Chandra Mohan , Rana Meenakshi , Banik Diptanu , Rajput Vishnu D. , Konstantinova Elizaveta
Published: July 2024

The soil microbiome in particular is essential for preserving plant health and biomass production. The management of soil microbial communities, whether targeted or inadvertently, appears to have potential for improving food crop yield, quality, and sustainability in the long run. With the development of innovative nano-tools for quick disease diagnosis and improved plant nutrient uptake, nanotechnology holds promise for advancing the agricultural and food industries. Utilizing nano-materials in agriculture offers a special chance to maintain soil health and increase crop yield. The use of nanotechnology in agriculture holds great promise for specific applications such as the development of nano-pesticides and fertilizers that can boost productivity without contaminating soils and offer protection against microbial diseases and insect pests. This chapter provides the current updates along with the sustainability issues, climate change food security and also the future prospects of nanotechnology in soil health management and crop production.
Role of Nanoparticles on Soil Microbial Community and Functionality
Authors: Mahapatra Ashirbachan , Misra Bibhudutta , Banik Diptanu , Gupta Vishal Kumar , Sundar Rout Dwity , Sahu Chandrasekhar
Published: July 2024

In soil microbial communities, nanoparticles—particularly those containing essential metals—have a variety of functions. They promote microbial growth and nutrient cycling by increasing nutrient availability. On the other hand, toxicity results from high quantities of certain types, which lowers variety and jeopardises soil function. Because of their antibacterial qualities, silver nanoparticles benefit plants while also having the ability to affect unintended microbes. Moreover, soil structure is changed by nanoparticles, which impacts microenvironments. Some cause stress reactions, but long-term exposure damages microbial communities. Using nanoparticles responsibly is essential to preventing environmental hazards. The goal of ongoing study is to comprehend interactions and develop guidelines for the sustainable use of nanoparticles in agriculture while taking environmental complexity into account.
Nanoparticle-Mediated Approaches in Agriculture Addressing Abiotic Stress From Soil to Plant Cells
Authors: Rajput Vishnu D. , Singh Abhishek , Tomar Bhavana , Minkina Tatiana , Movsesyan Hasmik S. , Elshikh Mohamed S. , Chena Shen-Ming , Singh Rupesh Kumar , Ghazaryan Karen
Published: July 2024

NPs are increasingly prevalent in various fields including biology, pharmacology, cosmetics, and agriculture, promising diverse applications. However, their widespread use raises concerns about their environmental impact. Thus, it is imperative to comprehensively study how NPs affect plant physiology and metabolism, given that plants inevitably encounter NPs in soil and water. Understanding the mechanisms of NP entry, transport, and accumulation within plants is pivotal. Moreover, once internalized by plants, NPs can profoundly influence cellular metabolism and physiology.
Predicting Weather Conditions for Improving Crop Productivity Using Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Anand Vicky , Rajput Vishnu D. , Minkina Tatiana , Mandzhieva Saglara , Sharma Aastha , Kumar Sunil , Konstantinova Elizaveta
Published: July 2024

Agricultural systems are becoming increasingly prone to a range of non-climatic and climatic stressors. Constituently, there is food insecurity and economic distress throughout the world. To address these challenges, machine learning (ML) techniques have gained attention in the field of agriculture. Monitoring weather information is crucial for resource management and prioritizing the areas where efforts could be made to strengthen agricultural production. The objective of this chapter is to explore the effectiveness of ML for future simulation of agro-climatological variables. The chapter investigates the methodologies, limitations, and potentialities of ML related with employing ML for weather prediction in the context of sustainable agriculture. Chapter it is stressed on the potential benefits of these predictive models for enhancing crop management methods, resource allocation, and overall agricultural productivity. The use of ML in weather forecasting offers the prospect of helping sustainable and resilient agricultural practices, ultimately contributing to global food security.
Emerging Technologies for Sustainable Soil Management and Precision Farming
Authors: Singh Abhishek , Tomar Bhavana , Margaryan Gohar , Rajput Priyadarshani , Minkina Tatiana , Mandzhieva Saglara , Elshikh Mohamed S. , Chena Shen-Ming , Singh Rupesh Kumar , Ragab El-Ramady Hassan , Singh Anil Kumar , Singh Omkar , Ghazaryan Karen
Published: July 2024

Conventional agricultural practices often rely heavily on large amounts of fertilizers and pesticides, which can have detrimental effects on both existing organisms and ecosystems. In contrast, sustainable agriculture advocates for minimal use of agrochemicals to safeguard the environment and conserve various species.. Various techniques, including geoinformatics and the utilization of nanoparticles and nanoionics, contribute to advancements in agricultural productivity, poverty reduction, and food security. Geoinformatics methods aid in identifying soil types and their structures. Nanotechnology offers significant benefits in agriculture, including the development of nanofertilizers and nanopesticides, which enhance productivity without soil degradation while providing protection against insect pests and microbial diseases. This chapter aims to critically underscore the importance of geoinformatics, nanoparticles, and nanobionics as emerging tools for achieving sustainable agriculture.
Role of Microbes in Heavy Metal Bioremediation
Authors: Bora Jutishna , Acharya Sayak , Mondal Sagar , Priya Swati , Mishra Richa , Malik Sumira , Rustagi Sarvesh , Lata Smita
Published: July 2024

Heavy metal contamination (e.g., mercury, cadmium) presents severe environmental risks. Microbial bioremediation offers an eco-friendly solution. Microorganisms employ biosorption, bioleaching, and biotransformation mechanisms. Biosorption binds metals to cell surfaces, bioleaching leaches metals from ores, and biotransformation alters metal oxidation states. Heavy metals induce toxicity, hampering plant growth, causing health issues (e.g., cancer), and disrupting ecosystems. Microbes neutralize metals effectively. Bioremediation is cost-efficient, adaptable, and microbial resistance mechanisms enhance efficacy. Specific microbes exhibit metal-specific removal abilities. Experimental MIC assessments guide resistance evaluation. Utilizing microbes combats heavy metal contamination, curbing environmental and health hazards, presenting a unique and efficient approach in research endeavors
Urban Planning and Design Simulation to Develop Sustainable and Resilient Cities
Authors: Singh Vikram , Singh Sanyogita
Published: July 2024

The demand for well-planned, sustainable, and resilient city infrastructure cannot be timelier, for the urban share of Globe's population continues to rise. Cities are complex systems with intricate dynamics, necessitating a thorough understanding of how different elements such as sewerage systems, culture centres, transport systems, energy consumption, and sewage management affect the success of an urban centre. Simulation tools offer a drawing board kind of set-up to urban planners where they experiment and compare various scenarios to select the best. The design of sustainable urban infrastructure and its resilience have also been discussed here. Urban planners may use simulation tools to model and evaluate various possible vulnerabilities and corresponding response options. Further, the chapter discusses technologies such as spatial databases, AI and machine learning models, and building information modeling in urban simulation environments, and also an international case study of urban growth simulation in Portland, Oregon, USA.
Cultural Consciousness in Heritage Architecture Education With a Problem-Based Learning Approach
Authors: Koh Jing Hao , Jamal Khairool Aizat Ahmad
Published: July 2024

Heritage architecture education is important to develop contextual understanding and cultural consciousness among architecture students. Conventional teaching approaches are inadequate to cultivate students' cultural knowledge of specific places and community contexts. This chapter addresses this gap by evaluating how problem-based learning (PBL) as a teaching approach in a measured drawing module contributes to cultural consciousness among architecture students. It adopts quantitative survey research design to evaluate students' cultural consciousness based on knowledge of place identity, understanding of community social contexts, and recognition of community cultural contexts. Two student cohorts completing the module participated as respondents, providing insights into PBL's impact. The findings substantiate the adoption of PBL as an effective pedagogy to enhance students' cultural consciousness, by developing contextual and cultural sensitivity in design cognition. It is also useful in guiding the design of teaching approaches for culturally related subjects in other disciplines.
A Review of Critical Factors of Successfully Implementing IBS in China Based on Scopus Database
Authors: Kang Xiaonuo , Kam Kenn Jhun
Published: July 2024

This abstract presents a comprehensive literature review on the critical factors driving China's successful adoption of industrialized building systems (IBS). Aiming at improving project efficiency and quality, this paper drawing insights from global experiences by utilizing the sysmatic literature review (SLR) method based on 78 IBS-related papers from Scopus database. The study emphasizes the significance of cognitive incentives, regulations, education, technology, construction management, the performance of IBS, culture, and tradition in the IBS implementation process. Ultimately, this chapter provides guidance for effective IBS implementation, distilled from regulatory, workforce, technological, collaborative, and cultural dimensions.
The Role of AI in Urban Design and Planning in Responding to Extreme Flooding Events in Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Doon Roshnie Anita
Published: July 2024

Caribbean islands are some of the most vulnerable countries in the world to experience extreme flooding resulting from tropical cyclones, storm surges, and excessive rainfall. Persistent changes in the global climate have made countries like Trinidad and Tobago hot spots of climate change. As a result, the occurrence of extreme flooding events is likely to persist and is made worse by the barriers to adaptation and mitigation, such as having limited knowledge of climate change and how to plan for its impact at the individual level, as well as limited financial resources and technical know-how. Using a secondary research methodology, this chapter seeks to investigate the role that artificial intelligence (AI) plays in urban planning and design in responding to extreme flooding events in Trinidad and Tobago. This chapter discusses not only the historical occurrence of flooding events, and its causes, but also how the possible use and integration of AI in the planning and design of urban spaces in Trinidad and Tobago can assist in reducing the ill effects of such events.
Achieving Cultural Sustainability Through Museum Cultural and Creative Products
Authors: Liu Hui , Abidin Siti Norzaini N. Z. Zainal , Ibrahim Filzani Illia I. , An Cheng Shu , Lu Wang
Published: July 2024

Museum cultural and creative products (MCCP) are seen as carriers of museum cultural resources and are important for the sustainable development of cultural heritage, Nevertheless, the cultural aspect is often overlooked within the realm of sustainable product design. Hence, a primary objective of this research endeavour was to address this gap by developing a comprehensive framework that clarifies the interconnectedness between CS and MCCP. Furthermore, an additional objective of this study was to put forth a conceptual framework and specific indicators for the assessment of the cultural sustainability of MCCP. The indicator sets were designed through the literature and analytic hierarchy process. This process has yielded a tool that will undergo additional testing and practical implementation. The findings of this study will enhance comprehension of cultural sustainability within the context of MCCP and provide guidance for future MCCP design aligned with the principles of sustainable development.
Educational Dynamics in Urban Study
Authors: Kam Kenn Jhun , Tan Wei Vern , Lim Tze Shwan , Soon Lam Tatt , Shirley Chin Ai Ling
Published: July 2024

Understanding the factors influencing students' decisions in choosing a university for tertiary education is important. The factors under consideration in this study include employability, academic quality, campus environment and facilities, reputation of university, geographic location of university, family influences and peers' influences. These insights can help universities to enhance programme quality and remain competitive in the education field. The chapter's finding provides university with insight into identifying students' preferences to enroll in the bachelor of quantity surveying (BQS) degree programme. The proposed research method for this study utilized the questionnaire survey that will be distributed to the targeted respondents of this study to gather data and information. This study is expected to analyse the determinants influencing students' decision to enroll in Taylor's University BQS degree programme, an analysis of students' experiences versus expectations of Taylor's University BQS degree programme, and practical ways to improve students' enrolment rate.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of the Cooling of a Vehicle Alternator’s Stator Winding
Authors: Nemes Dávid , Szűcs Nóra , Fodor Béla
Published: July 2024

In this paper, the cooling of a passenger car alternator’s stator winding is investigated with the help of computational fluid dynamics. The main heat sources are determined to be the stator winding and the diodes. Their respective heat loss is calculated and applied in the CFD software. In the first step, the CAD model is simplified in a way to enable a fine-quality numerical mesh generation, while keeping the important geometric features that could have significant effects on the results. In the next step, independence studies are carried out for the mesh, time-step size, and flow volume. A comparison is also presented between the steady “frozen rotor” approach and the transient “moving mesh” approach.After conducting the transient simulations at multiple operating points, the simulation results are evaluated with the help of contours and quantitative properties. An experimental comparison is presented which shows a good correlation between the simulated and the measured data, furthermore, the possible reasons for the deviations are eventually discussed. Finally, the benefits of the future applications of the simulation model are introduced briefly.
Optimizing the Clamping Components of a Vibrating System on a Plow
Authors: Lateș Daniel , Gheorghe Gabriel
Published: July 2024

In this work, a method for optimizing the main clamping components for a vibration system on the working body of a plow is presented in order to reduce the forward forces. To achieve this goal, a variable geometric model is established, which considers the unique operational parameters, and a three-dimensional finite element model is generated for conducting an optimization investigation. The 3D finite element analysis is automatically refreshed for each version of the geometric model. An optimization analysis is characterized by its defined goals or objective functions, alongside design variables and constraints. To illustrate, one can adjust the dimensions of a component to minimize material usage, all the while ensuring that stresses remain below a predefined threshold. In this scenario, the volume being minimized serves as the objective function, the dimensions under adjustment represent the design variables, and the stress limitation acts as the behavior constraint. The main objective is to optimize fasteners using finite element analysis to reduce production cost with maximum efficiency.
Shopfloor-Level Material Flow Analysis to Determine the Readiness of a Company for Industry 4.0
Authors: Molnár-Major Petra , Bóna Krisztián
Published: July 2024

The fourth industrial revolution has led companies to place increasing emphasis on the digitization of their processes. By digitizing production processes, they can create cyber-physical systems in which connected elements are able to make decisions about their operation in real-time based on information collected and processed by themselves and by other networked elements. However, to do this, the elements involved in the processes under study need to be equipped with different sensors and actuators, and communication and data transfer between them must be ensured so that the information processed would be available. These challenges are addressed by technologies emerging with Industry 4.0, such as the Internet of Things or cloud computing. Within the Big Data phenomenon, it is important to define what kind of data must be collected about and how it can be properly stored and used in operations to maximize productivity efficiency. Today, we are already familiar with artificial intelligence applications that can either optimize individual material handling tasks or predict maintenance tasks resulting from operations. To create a cyber-physical system that fully supports the production processes of a company, it is necessary to collect the right information about each process. In order to do this, primarily, companies need to use different identification and tracking solutions. In the life of manufacturing companies, tasks related to realizing material flows are seen as necessary but not value-creating processes, which can largely be described by dynamic information. For this reason, in this study, we will look at material flow processes at the shopfloor level in terms of how ready the companies are for the digitization at this level. Our aim is to show the segments worth investigating in the value creating processes, such as the principle of “transparency”, “traceability” and “controllability”. In addition, the study presents an approach to discover the currently existing Industry 4.0 readiness and Industry 4.0 maturity.
Uniform Torsion of Bar Having Cross Section Bounded by Two Hyperbola Arcs
Authors: Ecsedi István , Baksa Attila , Lengyel Ákos József , Gönczi Dávid
Published: July 2024

The objective of this study is to give an analytical solution for the Saint-Venant torsion of bars having cross section bounded by two hyperbola arcs. The solution of the problem is based on the theory of uniform torsion which was developed by Saint-Venant and Prandtl. The material of the bar is homogeneous, isotropic and linearly elastic.
When the railway came to Grahamstown
Authors: Hunt K.S.
Published: July 2024

The opening of the railway-line between Alicedale and Grahamstown on 3 September 1879 was a red-letter day for Grahamstown. The idea of linking Grahamstown by rail to the harbour of Port Elizabeth was initiated twenty-three years earlier by Grahamstown businessmen. By the time the railway came, Grahamstownians were more in favour of a railway-line to the harbour of Port Alfred. This, however, came only five years later. The turning of the first sod to build the railway station and the arrival of the first passenger-train at Grahamstown gave its inhabitants reason for big celebrations and festivities.
The persistence of the casual poor in Johannesburg
Authors: Beavon K.S.O. , Rogerson C.M.
Published: July 2024

This paper draws the attention of urban historians and historical geographers to the neglect of the casual poor in South Africa's cities, more particularly those in Johannesburg. Evidence is presented to show that the casual poor have been an ever-present constituent in the urban milieu. Their life-style and their modes of existence have so far received little attention. The occupations of the casual poor are those of the urban informal sector. It is suggested that the casual poor are squeezed out of one informal income niche only to reappear at a later time in an alternative informal occupation.
The settlers' press: seventy years of printing in Grahamstown (1830 - 1900) covering the publication of books, pamphlets, directories, almanacs and newspapers with historical notes, anecdotes and contemporary illustrations
Authors: Tempelhoff Johann W.N.
Published: July 2024

No abstract available.
Torbanite - 'n dorp te koop
Authors: Lombard R.T.J.
Published: July 2024

In 1893 J.J. Janecke discovered cannel coal (torbanite) on his farm Mooifontein between Ermelo and Breyten. A subsequent owner named Stanford shipped one ton of torbanite to Scotland where 190 litres of oil was distilled from it. In 1934 the South African Torbanite Mining Company Ltd. (SA TMAR) was established to extract oil from torbanite and in 1936 the first Satmar petroleum reached the market. In the years that followed the company expanded rapidly and became of great economic importance to the area, but by 1960 the economic exploitable torbanite gave out and mining was stopped. Torbanite, the town established at the mine, was for sale but as nobody was interested in buying it, it was eventually demolished.
Fort Donald and the Abalondolozi regiment
Authors: Rainier Margaret
Published: July 2024

Newly available sources of information have made it possible to establish the exact date and circumstances of the building of Fort Donald on the Pondoland-East Griqualand border, by Donald Strachan and members of the Abalondolozi regiment. Particulars about the formation, composition and services of this multi-racial volunteer corps, formally gazetted as a British unit in 1880, during the Basuto war, have also been traced. Strachan, a pioneer in Nomansland before the arrival there of Adam Kok and his Griquas in 1863, served as a magistrate both under the Griqua government, and the Cape administration from 1874. Part of his duties entailed the defence of his district in times of unrest. When colonial and imperial troops were engaged elsewhere, the Abalondolozi constituted the chief element in the defence of East Griqualand. Yet their service, (like those of Strachan himself) were but scantily rewarded. This neglect has resulted in lasting resentment among these outstanding Black troops and their people.
Eersteling - bakermat van die Suid-Afrikaanse goudmynbedryf
Authors: Tempelhoff Johann W.N.
Published: July 2024

The Eersteling gold-fields in the Northern Transvaal are very important in the history of the South African gold-mining industry. There, for the first time, gold was mined on a large scale in South Africa following its discovery in 1871 by the prospector Edward Button. In 1872 Button went to Great Britain where he formed the Transvaal Gold Mining Co. Ltd. From sale of stocks he obtained the capital required to buy the modern equipment necessary for large scale gold-mining at Eersteling. His activities were interrupted by the outbreak of the first Anglo-Boer War in 1880, and were recommenced only when other gold-fields were being developed in the Soutpansberg district. When gold was discovered on the Witwatersrand in 1886 most of the diggers flocked there, leaving Eersteling almost to itself. Although Eersteling never experienced a boom again, mining activities were continued and have lasted into the present time. The present high gold price has resulted in a renewed interest in the Eersteling gold-fields, where modern equipment is used to exploit the riches of this area.
Comparative study of the pure AH Plus sealer and its combination with triple antibiotic paste at different concentrations on Enterococcus faecalis bacteria
Authors: Mokabberi Amirreza , Yamini Sohyla Aminoroaya , Tahmourespour Arezoo , Jahromi Maryam Zare
Published: July 2024

Background:

In this study, the effects of pure AH Plus sealer and its combination with triple antibiotic paste at different concentrations on Enterococcus faecalis bacteria have been investigated.

Materials and Methods:

This in vitro study was accomplished by the means of a triple antibiotic paste combination (minocycline, metronidazole, and ciprofloxacin) at different concentrations (0%, 1%, 5%, 10%, and 25%) with AH Plus sealer on E.
faecalis bacteria. Sealers were set in an incubator for 1 h, 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days, and then 10 µL of bacteria solution was placed on all samples except the negative control group. After drying for 1 h, 250 µL brain–heart infusion broth culture medium was added, and it was cultured in solid media. Direct contact test technique was performed, and the obtained data were analyzed by 1-way ANOVA, 2-way ANOVA, 3-way ANOVA, and post
hoc test least significant difference. It should be noted that the data were evaluated at the significance level of P < 0.05.

Results:

The average of colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL illustrated that there were no significant differences between fresh antibiotic-sealer combination, 1-day set, and 3-day set (P = 0.525), while in sealer with 7-day set, the average of CFU/mL was notably lower than other sets (P < 0.001). The outcomes revealed a considerable variation by passing time and the number of CFU/mL was remarkably reduced (P < 0.05). The data suggested that, by increasing the concentration, the average of CFU/mL was decreased, whereas the average of CFU/mL did not have significant differences in all concentrations of the antibiotic-sealer combination compared to pure sealer (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The concentration of 1% triple antibiotic in combination with root canal sealer may become a crucial factor for inhibiting the growth of remaining bacteria.
Accuracy of special histochemical staining methods in diagnosis of oral pathology: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ghelichli Maryam , Rajabi Abdolhalim , Mirsaeedi Niyayesh , Mohammadi Masoud , Sohrabi Sina , Darabi Niloufar
Published: July 2024

Clinical decision-making and biomedical research heavily rely on imaging techniques to visualize tissue morphology. To examine tissues in detail, it is necessary to use special histochemical stains to enhance contrast. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of these stains in diagnosing oral pathologic specimens. We conducted a search in 8 databases, including EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, Ovid, Cinahl, and Cochrane, up to June 2022. Of 87,393 studies, 41 articles were selected for inclusion in our study. The results revealed that the specificity and sensitivity of the special histochemical stains were 86% with confidence interval (CI) 95%: 80%–90% and 83% with CI 95%: 75%–89%, respectively. Among the stains evaluated, toluidine blue, Papanicolaou, silver stain, Giemsa, Gram, feulgen, and periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) were the most frequently used for the detection of malignancy, premalignant lesions, dysplasia, and candidiasis. The specificity and sensitivity of each stain were analyzed individually, considering the type of specimen. Toluidine blue was the most commonly utilized special histochemical stain, particularly effective, for detecting malignancy, with a specificity of 97% with CI 95%: 88%–99% and sensitivity of 76% with CI 95%: 56%–89%. In conclusion, special histochemical stains are effective in diagnosing oral lesions, exhibiting reasonable specificity and sensitivity, especially in cases of premalignant and malignant lesions. Based on the reviewed articles in our study, the silver stain was identified as highly sensitive, while Giemsa and Papanicolaou stain exhibited the highest specificity.
Effect of preoperative systemic capsaicin on tooth sensitivity after in-office bleaching: A pilot study
Authors: Samimi Pouran , Kachuie Marzie , Jafarian Abbas , Shahtouri Maryam Montazeri , Khoroushi Maryam
Published: July 2024

Background:

Tooth bleaching sensitivity (TBS) after bleaching procedures is a common problem. This study was undertaken to determine the effect of preoperative systemic capsaicin on tooth sensitivity (TS) after in-office bleaching procedures.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty participants received the treatment in this clinical trial. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 15). Placebo and 0.25% capsaicin were administered three times daily for 24 h, with the first dose being administrated 1 h before the bleaching procedure. The subjects underwent two bleaching sessions at a 2-week interval by applying 40% hydrogen peroxide gel on six upper anterior teeth. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to evaluate TS. Data were analyzed with SPSS 24. Statistical analyses were carried out with the Wilcoxon test and paired t-test. Statistical significance was set at P ≤ 0.05.

Results:

In the capsaicin group, there was a significant increase in TBS between the immediate and 1-h postoperative intervals and a significant decrease between 1- and 24-h postoperative intervals (P = 0.01 and P = 0.000, respectively). In the placebo group, there was a significant decrease between immediate and 24-h and between 1- and 24-h postoperative intervals (P = 0.007, P = 0.02). Milder TS was detected in the placebo group 24 h after bleaching (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Under the limitations of this study, preoperative use of systemic capsaicin did not significantly affect TS after the in-office bleaching procedure.
Study of Etiological Spectrums, Symptoms, and Management of Intestinal Obstruction Among Population in Central India
Authors: Jatkar Girish , Singarwad Yogesh , Bhuyar Surendra , Rathod Vinod
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

Intestinal obstruction has emerged as a challenging emergency putting unwanted financial as well as clinical burden globally. A study on etiology, symptoms, and management could benefit in treating larger population of the region.

Aim:

The study aimed to study the demography, etiology, symptoms, and management of intestinal obstruction among a population in central India.

Materials and Methods:

A single-center prospective observational study of intestinal obstruction was done among patients admitted to various surgical wards, during the period from January 1, 2018, to May 31, 2019. Here, we studied 50 cases of intestinal obstruction. Patients belonged to the age groups ranging from 15 to 85 years were included. Patients were selected on the basis of clinical history, physical findings, and radiological and hematological investigations. For statistical analysis, Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were performed.

Results:

There were a total of 12,233 admissions among which 228 cases were acute intestinal obstruction, we randomly selected 50 cases for the present study. Males were 72% (n = 36) and females were 28% (n = 14). The age groups 31–40 (20%) and 51–60 (20%) showed the highest incidence. Postoperative adhesions (40%), obstructive hernia (30%), and malignancy (14%) were the major causes of obstruction. Surgical intervention was carried out with release of adhesions in majority of cases (40%), resection anastomosis in 22%, and release of adhesions with herniorrhaphy in 18% of cases. Pain in the abdomen was a major symptom (88%) among the cases. The mortality rate was 14% of the total subjects involved in the study.

Conclusion:

Acute intestinal obstruction remains an important surgical emergency in the surgical field, success in the treatment depends largely upon early diagnosis and proper management and treatment of pathological effects of the obstruction. Postoperative adhesions are one of the main causes responsible for intestinal obstruction.
Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on HbA1c Levels Among Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients
Authors: Srinath Kenkere Marulaiah , Akash N. , Siddappa Adarsh Lakkur , Madhu Basave Gowda , Shashidhara K. C. , Ramaswamy Prasanna Kumar Hassan
Published: July 2024

Background and Aims:

Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is widely used for assessment of glycemic status and diagnosis of diabetes. HbA1c levels are influenced by age, ethnicity, and conditions that alter the red cell turnover or survival. We aimed to assess the effect of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) on HbA1c levels among adult diabetic and nondiabetic patients and correlate HbA1c with iron profile.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was carried out among 150 patients, of whom 50 were diagnosed diabetics with IDA, 50 were nondiabetics with IDA, and 50 were controls. They were investigated for hemogram, renal function test, HbA1c, and iron profile.

Results:

Mean HbA1c value among controls was 5.03 ± 0.34%, among diabetics with IDA was 8.69 ± 0.92%, and among nondiabetics with IDA was 5.87 ± 0.76% and this difference was statistically significant. Total iron binding capacity (TIBC) was 332.54 ± 58.32 µg/dL among controls, 420.63 ± 119.03 µg/dL among nondiabetics with IDA, and 495.88 ± 126.79 µg/dL among diabetics with IDA. Pearson’s correlation coefficient of HbA1c with serum ferritin was -0.444, with serum iron was -0.357, and with TIBC was 0.476.

Conclusion:

HbA1c levels are elevated in diabetes with IDA. HBA1c is negatively correlated with serum iron and ferritin and positively correlated with TIBC.
Penetrating Trauma to the Abdomen Following a Bull Attack: A Case Report
Authors: Thander Paramita , Afrose Sayeda , Dam Rana , Halder Pankaj K.
Published: July 2024

Bull attacks are a common mode of injury in rural areas. It causes both blunt and penetrating trauma to the abdomen and chest. Blunt trauma to the abdomen may lead to hollow-viscous or solid organ injuries. Penetrating trauma can lead to rib injuries, hemothorax, mesenteric tears, gut perforation, etc. The majority of victims are men since they participate in hunting, spend more time outdoors, or take care of animals in open spaces. We report the successful management of a 56-year-old man who presented with penetrating trauma to the abdomen and right anterior chest wall due to a bull attack.
Non-VACTERL Association of Pure Esophageal Atresia with Lumbar Meningocele and White Forelock of Hair: A Case Report
Authors: Jhalani Ajay D. , Prajapati Sahaj , Tuteja Neeraj , Chaturvedi Vinita
Published: July 2024

Background:

After the introduction of term VATER for the association of anomalies of vertebra, anorectum, tracheoesophageal, and renal systems by Quan and Smith in 1973, cardiac and limb defects were added by Nora and Nora in 1975, and the acronym was extended to VACTERL. However, other defects such as genitourinary, neural tube defects, and cleft lip or palate are even more common than the VACTERL association. A white forelock of hair is often associated with Hirschsprung’s disease and is considered a part of neurocristopathies but rarely seen with the esophageal atresia (EA) and meningocele. We are reporting such a rare case of EA associated with meningocele and white forelock.

Case Report:

A one-day-old male baby presented to the emergency room with complaints of respiratory distress, frothing of saliva, and swelling at the back with a white forelock. The baby was diagnosed as pure EA with meningocele, and a surgical repair of both anomalies was done at the same sitting. The baby could not survive due to prematurity, low-birth weight, and multiple congenital anomalies.

Conclusion:

Presence of white forelock along with this kind of associations should raise the suspicion of severe life-threatening congenital anomalies, and the baby should be kept under neonatal intensive care.