bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Fitness-Wellness Program for Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and Their Best Friends: A Case-Comparison-Control Study
Authors: Faucett Kristen , Tsotsoros Jessica , Randall Ken , Norris Michael
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/05/19

The course of care for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) involves chemotherapy, which causes physical deficits in strength, balance, and sensation, as well as psychosocial effects, including risk of depression. This study highlights the successful use of a six-month fitness and wellness program consisting of physical activity, social interaction, and education, for children with ALL and their best friends, to reduce the physical and psychosocial effects of cancer treatment.

Primary Author and Speaker: Kristen Faucett

Additional Authors and Speakers: Jessica Tsotsoros

Contributing Authors: Ken Randall, Michael Norris
The Accessibility of the Competitive Workplace in the Perceptions of Individuals With ASD and Their Employers
Authors: Waisman-Nitzan Michal , Gal Einat , Schreuer Naomi
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/05/19

This qualitative-phenomenological study examines the concept of accessibility of the working environment, in the perceptions of employees with ASD and their employers. Themes that emerged include basic perceptions relating to employment; practical motivation to employ or to be employed; specific approaches facilitating or impeding accessibility in the workplace; and accessibility dimensions and their components. These served as a basis for the development of the working environment accessibility measure.

Primary Author and Speaker: Michal Waisman-Nitzan

Additional Authors and Speakers: Einat Gal, Naomi Schreuer
The Effect of Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT) on OT in a Pediatric Clinic
Authors: Huang Nicole , Abel Regina , Mouradian Lindsay , Steckler Sonya
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/05/19

Children can display maladaptive behaviors (MB) during OT sessions. MB hinder progress to goal attainment. Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) is a cost-effective method to mitigate MB. Children's behaviors during OT sessions with and without a therapy dog were compared using qualitative and quantitative measures. Children remained on-task longer during sessions with a dog than without a dog. Additionally, therapists described positive effects from AAT during OT sessions.

Primary Author and Speaker: Nicole Huang

Contributing Authors: Regina Abel, Lindsay Mouradian, Sonya Steckler
Description of Young Children With Idiopathic Sensory Processing Disorder
Authors: Mulligan Shelley , Douglas Sarah
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/05/19

A retrospective, nonexperimental design was conducted to explore and describe the characteristics of children ages two through seven years identified as having sensory processing deficits but no other specific neurodevelopmental or behavioral diagnoses. Relations among specific types of sensory processing disorder, adaptive behavior, and psychosocial-emotional functioning were also identified to increase our understanding of sensory processing disorder as its own diagnostic entity.

Primary Author and Speaker: Shelley Mulligan

Additional Authors and Speakers: Sarah Douglas
Early Feeding Behaviors in Preterm Infants and Their Relationships to Neurobehavior
Authors: Grabill Molly , Pineda Roberta , VanRoekel Kylie
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/06/19

The findings of a recent study highlight the importance of a comprehensive approach to rehabilitation that considers oral motor and neurobehavioral alterations to address feeding challenges associated with premature birth. This presentation will reveal these results and help to elucidate relationships between early feeding skills and key neurobehavioral components. Understanding such relationships can lead to early identification of adverse outcomes and optimize outcomes for preterm infants.

Primary Author and Speaker: Molly Grabill

Additional Authors and Speakers: Kylie VanRoekel

Contributing Authors: Roberta Pineda
The Functionality and Confidence a Client Receives When Utilizing the MCPThumb: A Single Case Study
Authors: Denham Susan , Powell Ethan , Jeong Jinha , Langford Ashley , Moore Anna
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/06/19

There are a limited number of body-powered prosthetics available for partial thumb amputates. The loss of thumb function affects operations such as manipulation and pinch. The MCPThumb is a body-powered thumb prosthetic that allows individuals with a partial thumb amputation to regain function and confidence during everyday tasks. Results from this study indicated that the participant performed to a higher functional level while utilizing the MCPThumb.

Primary Author and Speaker: Susan Denham

Additional Authors and Speakers: Ethan Powell

Contributing Authors: Jinha Jeong, Ashley Langford, Anna Moore
Use of a Person-Centered Planning Approach to Encourage Vocational Goal Setting Among Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Blaskowitz Meghan , Layer Lindsay , Scalero Sarah , Gore Abigail , Castagnino Amy , McNally Katrina
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/06/19

Employment rates among people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are historically low (26%) when compared to people without disabilities (76%). Understanding a person’s strengths, hopes and dreams for the future assists them in setting and achieving vocational goals. As person-centered planning (PCP) is embraced by many state agencies serving people with IDD across the US, occupational therapists have unique skill sets to play a vital role in the PCP process.

Primary Author and Speaker: Meghan Blaskowitz

Additional Authors and Speakers: Lindsay Layer, Sarah Scalero, Abigail Gore, Amy Castagnino, Katrina McNally
The Prevalence of Deficits in Health-Related Physical Fitness in Patients With Chronic Psychiatric Disorders (CPD): Implications for OT
Authors: Wang Pei-Yun , Hwang Eric , Chien Sung-Lien , Wu Shang-Liang , Lee Hui-Ling
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/06/19

Compared to the general population, patients with chronic psychiatric disorders (CPD) are more sedentary and have higher rates of somatic comorbidities. This study provides the evidence showing the high prevalence of physical fitness deficits and body composition abnormalities in patients with CPD. The findings suggest the need for OTs to provide holistic care that includes various exercise programs to moderate the client’s deficits in health-related physical fitness.

Primary Author and Speaker: Pei-Yun Wang

Additional Authors and Speakers: Eric Hwang

Contributing Authors: Sung-Lien Chien, Shang-Liang Wu, Hui-Ling Lee
Asian Immigrant Parents’ Experiences and Coping Strategies While Using Services for Their Child With Developmental Disability (DD): A Meta-Synthesis Study
Authors: Hwang I-Ting , Kramer Jessica , Cohn Ellen , Barnes Linda , Wen Yuewu
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/06/19

Asian immigrant parents face multiple barriers when they access and use health and education services for their child with developmental disabilities (DD). This meta-synthesis study describes parents’ experiences of role enactment while using services for their child with DD and explores if and how they address perceived cultural differences along the process. Findings may help OT better support Asian immigrant parents to negotiate cultural differences and enact their desired parental roles.

Primary Author and Speaker: I-Ting Hwang

Contributing Authors: Jessica Kramer, Ellen Cohn, Linda Barnes, Yuewu Wen
Gender Differences in the Adoption and Use of Assistive Technology (AT) Among Hispanics
Authors: Colon Elsa Orellano
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/06/19

A mixed-method pilot study was conducted to identify the barriers that influence the use of AT among Hispanic men and women. Noted trends in gender differences revealed that women reported more barriers to AT use for instrumental activities of daily living and men for self-care. Women mostly reported barriers related to technology cost, appearance, and social attitude. These findings confirmed the need to conduct a larger study with sufficient power to this study's results.

Primary Author and Speaker: Elsa Orellano Colon
Pediatric OTs’ Experience of Participating in a Short-Term Online Learning Community With a Competence Assessment Component
Authors: Myers Christine , Parigian Ashley , Brown Sandra
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/06/19

This mixed-methods study explored pediatric OTs’ experience of participating in a short-term learning community on evidence-based practices for children and youth with autism, integrated with an online competence assessment platform. The findings demonstrate the potential for socially mediated learning experiences, linked to competence assessment, to support professional development and practitioner-initiated use of evidence-based practices.

Primary Author and Speaker: Christine Myers

Additional Authors and Speakers: Ashley Parigian, Sandra Brown
Potential Use of First Years Inventory to Differentiate Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) From Other Developmental Delays Within the First Two Years of Life
Authors: Chen Yun-Ju , Sideris John , Baranek Grace
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/06/19

The current study aims to examine the utility of the First Years Inventory, a parent-report screener for early identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as a potential tool for distinguishing ASD from other developmental delays. Despite being rarely addressed by previous studies in the field, the differentiation between these two outcome groups is critical for practitioners to be able to provide targeted interventions. Our findings suggest promising predictive validity for young infants.

Primary Author and Speaker: Yun-Ju Chen

Contributing Authors: John Sideris, Grace Baranek
Development of the Scale of Parental Playfulness Attitude (PaPA) During the Co-occupation of Play
Authors: Roman-Oyola Rosa , Vazquez-Gual Chastiti , Dasta-Valentin Itzamar , Diaz-Lazzarini Graciela , Collazo-Aguilar Glorian , Yambo-Martinez Coraly , Bundy Anita , Lane Shelly , Bonilla-Rodriguez Victor
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/06/19

Initial development of the Scale of Parental Playfulness Attitude during the co-occupation of play (PaPA, or Escala AJugar in Spanish) will be detailed. The PaPA is the first self-report measure, developed with the purpose of evaluating whether the approach of parents playing with their children between 2.5 and 6 years 11 months, reflects a playful attitude. It is expected to serve as a useful tool for professionals working on play with families of children with developmental challenges.

Primary Author and Speaker: Rosa Roman-Oyola

Additional Authors and Speakers: Chastiti Vazquez-Gual

Contributing Authors: Itzamar Dasta-Valentin, Graciela Diaz-Lazzarini, Glorian Collazo-Aguilar, Coraly Yambo-Martinez, Anita Bundy, Shelly Lane, Victor Bonilla-Rodriguez
Occupational Participation and Well-Being of Student Veterans Revealed Through Photovoice
Authors: Yeager Jenna
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/06/19

Veterans entering college experience transition challenges that may affect their academic success and well-being. Photovoice, interviews, and focus groups were used to explore the patterns of occupational engagement of college student veterans, as well as supports and barriers to their well-being. This poster presents the results of research that highlights opportunities for OT to support the occupational participation and well-being of student veterans transitioning to college.

Primary Author and Speaker: Jenna Yeager
The Influence of Personal and Physical Contexts on OTs’ Intervention Choices When Addressing Contractures
Authors: Thomas Heather
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/06/19

This quantitative, cross-sectional survey design study conducted with 409 OTs investigated the influence of practice and personal context factors on the choices that OTs make when addressing upper-extremity contractures. In interventions that had a high likelihood of being used, specifically static splinting, stretching, and positioning, there were no practice context barriers found, yet it was with these interventions that there was little belief in their effectiveness.

Primary Author and Speaker: Heather Thomas
Why Do OTs Lose Their Licenses? Results of a Study on Licensure Revocation and Its Effect on OT Education
Authors: Agbayani Myrel , Chong Christine , Drummond Regina , Josko Chris , Murley Shelby
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/06/19

OTs must abide by certain standards to maintain a license to practice. Despite the existence of various studies on licensure loss in other healthcare professions, no prior research has been conducted regarding OT licensure revocation. The most common reasons for OT licensure loss were fraud and criminal conviction. These results can enhance ethical decision making in practice as well as educational curricula.

Primary Author and Speaker: Regina Drummond

Contributing Authors: Myrel Agbayani, Christine Chong, Chris Josko, Shelby Murley
Therapeutic Implications of Occupation, Sleep Hygiene, and Neural Networks in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Authors: Butera Christiana , Kilroy Emily , Zeisler Cristin , Krishnan Sharada , Gosparini Gina , Harrison Laura , Aziz-Zadeh Lisa
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/06/19

The results of this study potentially provide evidence-based support for the development and testing of therapeutic swimming programs for ASD. Insufficient sleep corresponds with exacerbated ASD symptoms and abnormal connectivity of neural networks. Participants who reported swimming as a preferred sport reported significantly higher sleep hygiene scores than nonswimmers. In ASD, higher sleep hygiene scores were associated with increased neural functional connectivity.

Primary Author and Speaker: Christiana Butera

Additional Authors and Speakers: Emily Kilroy

Contributing Authors: Cristin Zeisler, Sharada Krishnan, Gina Gosparini, Laura Harrison, Lisa Aziz-Zadeh
Pathways and Resources for Engagement and Participation (PREP): Improving the Participation of Youth With Disabilities in Community-Based Occupations
Authors: Anaby Dana , Teplicky Rachel , Turner Laura , Law Mary , Avery Lisa , Majnemer Annette , Feldman Debbie
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/04/19

This study demonstrates the effectiveness of a novel, client-centered OT intervention, named PREP, for improving the participation of youth with disabilities. By removing environmental barriers, OTs enabled 28 youth to successfully take part in the activities they identified, such as shopping with friends, riding a bike, and joining a glee club. These findings support a shift toward community-based ecological practices that occur in real-life situations.

Primary Author and Speaker: Dana Anaby

Additional Authors and Speakers: Rachel Teplicky, Laura Turner

Contributing Authors: Mary Law, Lisa Avery, Annette Majnemer, Debbie Feldman
Perceptions of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Diagnosis Among Latino Parents and Caregivers
Authors: Florindez Lucia , Como Dominique , Florindez Daniella , Cermak Sharon , Duker Leah
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/04/19

Disparities exist regarding ASD diagnosis for Latino children. Findings from narrative interviews exploring how Latino parents and caregivers perceive ASD diagnosis will help illuminate how health information is communicated within this at-risk population and inform the development of future targeted education and intervention programs.

Primary Author and Speaker: Lucia Florindez

Additional Authors and Speakers: Dominique Como, Daniella Florindez, Sharon Cermak, Leah Duker
Sensory Processing Predicts Social Responsiveness in Adults With Autism
Authors: Crasta Jewel , Davies Patricia , Gavin William
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/04/19

This study evaluated the relationship between sensory processing and social responsiveness in young adults with ASD and age-matched neurotypical controls. Compared to controls, young adults with ASD had significant differences on all four quadrants of the sensory profile. However, low registration and sensory gating (the ability to filter irrelevant information) appear to be key predictors of social responsiveness.

Primary Author and Speaker: Jewel Crasta

Additional Authors and Speakers: Patricia Davies

Contributing Authors: William Gavin
OT Intervention for Survivors of Human Trafficking
Authors: Cerny Shana , Maassen Alexya , Crook Krista
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/05/19

The purpose of this report is to outline the OT process for survivors of human trafficking (n=6) living in community transitional housing. After 12 weeks of intervention, all clients reported an overall improvement in performance and satisfaction in their prioritized areas of occupation. There was a significant difference in the evaluation and re-evaluation scores of performance and satisfaction (p= 0.04).

Primary Author and Speaker: Shana Cerny

Contributing Authors: Alexya Maassen, Krista Crook
Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Process Action Imitation Differently Depending on Motor Difficulties: Implications for Individualized Therapy
Authors: Kilroy Emily , Butera Christiana , Zeisler Cristin , Harrison Laura , Cermak Sharon , Aziz-Zadeh Lisa
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/06/19

This course highlights developments and findings in a neuroscience study as they relate to OT for children and adolescents with ASD. The presenters discuss findings from an ongoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study that investigates the neural basis of how children with ASD imitate social and motor stimuli. Study results can be used to inform clinical approaches for research-informed client-centered OT interventions.

Primary Author and Speaker: Emily Kilroy

Additional Authors and Speakers: Christiana Butera

Contributing Authors: Cristin Zeisler, Laura Harrison, Sharon Cermak, Lisa Aziz-Zadeh
Community Interventions for Families With Children With Intellectual or Developmental Disabilities: A Systematic Review
Authors: Romaniak Holly , Hladik Elisabeth , Ausderau Karla
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/06/19

A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of public space interventions promoting community engagement for families with children with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Findings suggest a dearth of research and limited evidence supporting current effectiveness. Further research and collaboration among OTs, stakeholders, and public institutions are needed to increase opportunities for families' meaningful participation in the community.

Primary Author and Speaker: Holly Romaniak

Additional Authors and Speakers: Elisabeth Hladik, Karla Ausderau
Cocalibrated Functional Score and Subsequent Post-Acute-Care (PAC) Utilization
Authors: Li Chih-Ying , Karmarkar Amol , Kuo Yong-Fang , Hass Allen , Ottenbacher Kenneth
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/06/19

This study is the first examining the relationship between cocalibrated functional score and subsequent PAC utilization for Medicare beneficiaries. Examining functional scores across PAC settings for patients with stroke, lower extremity joint replacement, and hip/femur fracture allows OTs to estimate clients' needs for postacute services.

Primary Author and Speaker: Chih-Ying Li

Additional Authors and Speakers: Amol Karmarkar, Yong-Fang Kuo, Allen Hass, Kenneth Ottenbacher
Evaluation of the tobacco control policies of the Moon Jae-in government
Authors: Cho Hong Jun
Published: November 2019

Tobacco use is the most important preventable cause of mortality in South Korea and worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the tobacco control policies of the Moon Jae-in government, which was established in May 10, 2017. Before the Moon Jae-in government, the tobacco tax was raised by the Park Geun-hye government from 2,500 won to 4,500 won (80% increase), but the price of cigarettes was still much lower in Korea than in other high-income countries. Cigarette smoking has been prohibited in all restaurants and bars since 2015; however, smoking rooms are allowed. Only large buildings are smoke-free. Pictorial warnings on cigarette packages were introduced in December 2016; however, they cover only 30% of the main packaging. Smoking cessation services provided by health care facilities have been subsidized by public health insurance since 2015. However, the advertisement, promotion, and sponsorship of tobacco are not further regulated. Since the beginning of the Moon Jae-in government, there has been no further strengthening of major tobacco control policies except for limited expansion of smoke-free public places and introduction of a lung cancer screening program. The first government-level tobacco control policies by the Moon Jae-in government, announced in May 2019, included increasing the size of the pictorial warnings and introducing standardized packaging by 2025, along with incremental expansion of smoke-free public places with prohibition of smoking rooms. These moves are positive; however, they do not include increasing tobacco taxes and regulating advertisement, promotion, and sponsorship of tobacco, which together are the backbone of tobacco control policies. The Moon Jae-in government should strengthen comprehensive tobacco control policies, ncluding tobacco taxes and banning tobacco advertisement, promotion, and sponsorship, to protect public health.
Korean hospitalist system implementation and development strategies based on pilot studies
Authors: Jang Sung In
Published: November 2019

The Korean hospitalist system was introduced in 2016. The new inpatient care system that provides direct care from a specialist required great efforts from various parties to implement successfully. This study outlines the implementation of the Korean hospitalist system and the development strategies based on pilot studies. The definition of the Korean hospitalist includes two elements which are 1) hospitalist is a physician who is in charge of a patient from admission to discharge and 2) hospitalist should stay in the hospitalist ward, where a hospitalist provides medical services to patients at their point of needs. The purpose of the Korean hospitalist system is to provide high-quality care and to ensure the safety of admitted patients. Due to a gap in the healthcare workforces in hospitals caused by changes in the residents' working hours and training period of the residents, the implementation of a new system was inevitable to provide care for patients. The result of private and public pilot studies indicated that hospitals, physicians, and patients are keen to have the hospitalist system in place. Also, those stakeholders agreed that reasonable and accurate fee-schedules for hospitalist services would enhance the service system. Within the current system, hospitals are reimbursed for providing the service, while patients pay out-of-pocket. Therefore, the service can only be applied to a patient who agrees to pay the additional fee for the service. As the Korean medical system is facing a paradigm shift, the Korean hospitalist system will play an essential role in the transition as moving forward to provide professional care for inpatients.
Current status and future of internal medicine hospitalist in Korea
Authors: Kim Junhwan
Published: November 2019

A hospitalist system was introduced in Korea in September in 2016 to improve the quality of in-patient care and to cope with the shortage of medical residents. This study aimed to outline the current situation of internal medicine hospitalist and to suggest a development strategy. By May 2019, the number of hospitalists in Korea had increased to 124. Patient safety issues, resident law, and the shortage of medical residents has led to an increase in the demand for hospitalists in Korea. Internal medicine hospitalist care in Korea has been associated with patient satisfaction, length of stay, and waiting time in emergency departments. There are three different hospitalist ward models in the Korean health care system, and each hospital needs the model that fits its specific situation. In the general ward model, the role of the hospitalist is similar to that of the chief residents because the wards are categorized into nine subspecialty areas, such as internal medicine (including gastroenterology, pulmonology, and cardiology). In the short-term admission ward model, patients are usually turned around within 72 hours; therefore, the hospitalist is able to care for patients independently. After that, patients are discharged or admitted to a specialty ward. In integrated care model, patients from all specialty areas are admitted to the same ward; therefore, hospitalists care for patients independently. In this model, consultation with specialists is required. There were strengths and weaknesses in each model. Therefore, the models should be considered based on the hospital's function. This study found some problems in the present hospitalist system, including undefined roles and responsibilities, unclear future employment prospects, burnout due to patient' severity of illness, and inadequate payment systems for weekend and night work. To further develop the hospitalists system in Korea, the Korean government, the Korean associated of internal medicine, hospitals, and hospitalists must work together to solve the present problems.
Aerosol mass yields of selected biogenic volatile organic compounds – a theoretical study with nearly explicit gas-phase chemistry
Authors: Xavier Carlton , Rusanen Anton , Zhou Putian , Dean Chen , Pichelstorfer Lukas , Roldin Pontus , Boy Michael
Published: November 2019

Abstract. In this study we modeled secondary organic aerosol (SOA) mass loadings from
the oxidation (by O3, OH and NO3) of five representative biogenic
volatile organic compounds (BVOCs): isoprene, endocyclic bond-containing
monoterpenes (α-pinene and limonene), exocyclic double-bond compound
(β-pinene) and a sesquiterpene (β-caryophyllene). The
simulations were designed to replicate an idealized smog chamber and oxidative
flow reactors (OFRs). The Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) together with the
peroxy radical autoxidation mechanism (PRAM) were used to simulate the
gas-phase chemistry. The aim of this study was to compare the potency of MCM
and MCM + PRAM in predicting SOA formation. SOA yields were in good
agreement with experimental values for chamber simulations when MCM + PRAM
was applied, while a stand-alone MCM underpredicted the SOA yields. Compared
to experimental yields, the OFR simulations using MCM + PRAM yields were in
good agreement for BVOCs oxidized by both O3 and OH. On the other hand,
a stand-alone MCM underpredicted the SOA mass yields. SOA yields increased
with decreasing temperatures and NO concentrations and vice versa. This
highlights the limitations posed when using fixed SOA yields in a majority
of global and regional models. Few compounds that play a crucial role
(>95 % of mass load) in contributing to SOA mass increase
(using MCM + PRAM) are identified. The results further emphasized that
incorporating PRAM in conjunction with MCM does improve SOA mass yield
estimation.
Impacts of future land use and land cover change on mid-21st-century surface ozone air quality: Distinguishing between the biogeophysical and biogeochemical effects
Authors: Wang Lang , Tai Amos P. K. , Tam Chi-Yung , Sadiq Mehliyar , Wang Peng , Cheung Kevin K. W.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Surface ozone (O3) is an important air pollutant and greenhouse gas. Land use and land cover (LULC) is one of the critical factors influencing ozone, in addition to anthropogenic emissions and climate. LULC change can on the one hand affect ozone biogeochemically, i.e., via dry deposition and biogenic emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). LULC change can on the other hand alter regional- to large-scale climate through modifying albedo and evapotranspiration, which can lead to changes in surface temperature, hydrometeorology and atmospheric circulation that can ultimately impact ozone biogeophysically over local and remote areas. Such biogeophysical effects of LULC on ozone are largely understudied. This study investigates the individual and combined biogeophysical and biogeochemical effects of LULC on ozone, and explicitly examines the critical pathway for how LULC change impacts ozone pollution. A global coupled atmosphere–chemistry–land model is driven by projected LULC changes from the present day (2000) to future (2050) under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, focusing on the boreal summer. Results reveal that when considering biogeochemical effects only, surface ozone is predicted to have slight changes by up to 2 ppbv maximum in some areas due to LULC changes. It is primarily driven by changes in isoprene emission and dry deposition counteracting each other in shaping ozone. In contrast, when considering the integrated effect of LULC, ozone is more substantially altered by up to 6 ppbv over several regions, reflecting the importance of biogeophysical effects on ozone changes. Furthermore, large areas of these ozone changes are found over the regions without LULC changes where the biogeophysical effect is the only pathway for such changes. The mechanism is likely that LULC change induces a regional circulation response, in particular the formation of anomalous stationary high-pressure systems, shifting of moisture transport, and near-surface warming over the middle-to-high northern latitudes in boreal summer, owing to associated changes in albedo and surface energy budget. Such temperature changes then alter ozone substantially. We conclude that the biogeophysical effect of LULC is an important pathway for the influence of LULC change on ozone air quality over both local and remote regions, even in locations without significant LULC changes. Overlooking the impact of biogeophysical effect may cause evident underestimation of the impacts of LULC change on ozone pollution.
Observational evidence of moistening the lowermost stratosphere via isentropic mixing across the subtropical jet
Authors: Langille Jeffery , Bourassa Adam , Pan Laura , Letros Daniel , Solheim Brian , Degenstein Doug , Zawada Daniel
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Isentropic mixing across and above the subtropical jet in the presence of a double tropopause may be a significant mechanism for moistening the lowermost stratosphere. We present an analysis of high spatial resolution two-dimensional measurements of the water vapour distribution that were obtained using the Spatial Heterodyne Observations of Water instrument during a demonstration flight from NASA’s high altitude ER-2 airplane. We focus on a set of measurements from 37° to 44° North, obtained on July 21, 2017 during a flight off the West coast of North America, where the instrument sampled the region above and poleward of the subtropical jet. Analysis of these measurements reveals poleward mixing of moist filaments in the region of a double tropopause. These moist filaments are examined in the context of the meteorological fields in the ECMWF (ERA-interim) model output. It is shown that the observed moist filaments are consistent with isentropic mixing across and above the sub-tropical jet. These new observations provide further evidence that the tropospheric intrusion associated with the double tropopause contributes to moistening of the lowermost stratosphere
Early Soviet satellite magnetic field measurements over 1964 and 1970
Authors: Krasnoperov Roman , Peregoudov Dmitry , Lukianova Renata , Soloviev Anatoly , Dzeboev Boris
Published: November 2019

Abstract. We present the collection of magnetic field absolute measurements performed by early Soviet magnetic satellite missions Kosmos-49 (1964) and Kosmos-321 (1970). Totally 17300 measured values are available for Kosmos-49 mission, covering homogeneously 75 % of the Earth's surface between 49° north and south latitude. About 5000 measured values are available for Kosmos-321 mission, covering homogeneously 94 % of the Earth's surface between 71° north and south latitude.
Modelling of the shallow water table at high spatial resolution using random forests
Authors: Koch Julian , Berger Helen , Henriksen Hans Jørgen , Sonnenborg Torben Obel
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Machine learning provides great potential for modelling
hydrological variables at a spatial resolution beyond the capabilities of
physically based modelling. This study features an application of random
forests (RF) to model the depth to the shallow water table, for a wintertime minimum event, at a 50 m resolution over a 15 000 km2 domain in
Denmark. In Denmark, the shallow groundwater poses severe risks with respect to groundwater-induced flood events, affecting both urban and agricultural
areas. The risk is especially critical in wintertime, when the shallow
groundwater is close to terrain. In order to advance modelling capabilities
of the shallow groundwater system and to provide estimates at the scales
required for decision-making, this study introduces a simple method to unify
RF and physically based modelling. Results from the national water resources
model in Denmark (DK-model) at a 500 m resolution are employed as covariates in
the RF model. Thus, RF ensures physical consistency at a coarse scale and
fully exhausts high-resolution information from readily available
environmental variables. The vertical distance to the nearest water body was
rated as the most important covariate in the trained RF model followed by the
DK-model. The evaluation test of the trained RF model was very satisfying
with a mean absolute error of 76 cm and a coefficient of determination of
0.56. The resulting map underlines the severity of groundwater flooding risk
in Denmark, as the average depth to the shallow groundwater is 1.9 m and
approximately 29 % of the area is characterized as having a depth of less than 1 m during a typical wintertime minimum event. This study brings forward a
novel method for assessing the spatial patterns of covariate importance of the
RF predictions that contributes to an increased interpretability of the RF
model. Quantifying the uncertainty of RF models is still rare for hydrological
applications. Two approaches, namely random forests regression kriging
(RFRK) and quantile regression forests (QRF), were tested to estimate
uncertainties related to the predicted groundwater levels.
Scalable flood level trend monitoring with surveillance cameras using a deep convolutional neural network
Authors: Moy de Vitry Matthew , Kramer Simon , Wegner Jan Dirk , Leitão João P.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. In many countries, urban flooding due to local,
intense rainfall is expected to become more frequent because of climate
change and urbanization. Cities trying to adapt to this growing risk are
challenged by a chronic lack of surface flooding data that are needed for
flood risk assessment and planning. In this work, we propose a new approach
that exploits existing surveillance camera systems to provide qualitative
flood level trend information at scale. The approach uses a deep
convolutional neural network (DCNN) to detect floodwater in surveillance
footage and a novel qualitative flood index (namely, the static observer flooding index – SOFI) as a proxy for water
level fluctuations visible from a surveillance camera's viewpoint. To
demonstrate the approach, we trained the DCNN on 1218 flooding images
collected from the Internet and applied it to six surveillance videos
representing different flooding and lighting conditions. The SOFI signal
obtained from the videos had a 75 % correlation to the actual
water level fluctuation on average. By retraining the DCNN with a few frames from a
given video, the correlation is increased to 85 % on average. The results
confirm that the approach is versatile, with the potential to be applied to
a variety of surveillance camera models and flooding situations without the
need for on-site camera calibration. Thanks to this flexibility, this
approach could be a cheap and highly scalable alternative to conventional
sensing methods.
PREFACE – ISPRS and GEO workshop on Geospatially-enabled SDGs Monitoring for the 2030 Agenda
Authors: Wu H. , Zhou X. G. , Hou D. Y.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. In September 2015, the United Nations adopted “Transforming Our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” as a new ambitious global development plan to end extreme poverty, fight inequality and injustice, and combat climate change. Comprising 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with 169 associated targets, the agenda recognizes the complex and diverse challenges that the world of today faces. It has been proposed by the United Nations Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information Management (UN-GGIM) that it is impossible to measure and monitor the SDGs without the use of accurate, reliable and up-to-date geospatial data. Therefore, establishing a dynamic SDGs monitoring mechanism based on geospatial data is a critical issue for international communities.This ISPRS and GEO workshop aimed at providing a focus forum to discuss the opportunities and challenges of geospatial-enabled SDGs monitoring (GI4SDGs), to present the recent R&D progress on relevant topics (including global mapping and collaborative crowd-sourced cloud mapping), and to explore future collaborations. The workshop was organized in conjunction with ISPRS IC WG IV/III (Global mapping: updating, verification and interoperability), ISPRS WG IV/4 (Collaborative Crowdsourced Cloud Mapping), GEO Community Activity (Land Cover and Land Cover Change), Central South University and National Geomatics Center of China.The workshop received 26 submissions, which were all reviewed by the scientific and organizing committees. According to the review results, 17 full papers were accepted and published in ISPRS Archives. There were 28 oral presentations including invited presentations in the workshop. We hope these contributions would trigger new interesting ideas or solutions for monitoring the SDGs with geospatial data in the near future.At last, we cordially thank all the authors/speakers for their contributions and all reviewers for their constructive and valuable comments.
ESTIMATING ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS OF BAMBOO AND MIXED BAMBOO FOREST IN THUA THIEN-HUE PROVINCE, VIET NAM USING PALSAR-2 AND LANDSAT OLI DATA
Authors: Cat Tuong T. T. , Tani H. , Wang X. F. , Pham V.-M.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. In this study, above-ground biomass (AGB) performance was evaluated by PALSAR-2 L-band and Landsat data for bamboo and mixed bamboo forest. The linear regression model was chosen and validated for forest biomass estimation in A Luoi district, Thua Thien Hue province, Vietnam. A Landsat 8 OLI image and a dual-polarized ALOS/PALSAR-2 L-band (HH, HV polarizations) were used. In addition, 11 diferrent vegetation indices were extracted to test the performance of Landsat data in estimating forest AGB Total of 54 plots were collected in the bamboo and mixed bamboo forest in 2016. The linear regression is used to evaluate the sensitivity of biomass to the obtained parameters, including radar polarization, optical properties, and some vegetation indices which are extracted from Landsat data. The best-fit linear regression is selected by using the Bayesian Model Average for biomass estimation. Leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) was employed to test the robustness of the model through the coefficient of determination (R squared – R2) and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). The results show that Landsat 8 OLI data has a slightly better potential for biomass estimation than PALSAR-2 in the bamboo and mixed bamboo forest. Besides, the combination of PALSAR-2 and Landsat 8 OLI data also has a no significant improvement (R2 of 0.60) over the performance of models using only SAR (R2 of 0.49) and only Landsat data (R2 of 0.58–0.59). The univariate model was selected to estimate AGB in the bamboo and mixed bamboo forest. The model showed good accuracy with an R2 of 0.59 and an RMSE of 29.66 tons ha−1. The comparison between two approaches using the entire dataset and LOOCV demonstrates no significant difference in R (0.59 and 0.56) and RMSE (29.66 and 30.06 tons ha−1). This study performs the utilization of remote sensing data for biomass estimation in bamboo and mixed bamboo forest, which is a lack of up-to-date information in forest inventory. This study highlights the utilization of the linear regression model for estimating AGB of the bamboo forest with a limited number of field survey samples. However, future research should include a comparison with non-linear and non-parametric models.
AN APPROACH FOR EVALUATING THE INFORMATION CONTENT OF REMOTE SENSING IMAGES
Authors: Fang S. M. , Zhou X. G.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Due to being affected by the rapid development of open science and the increasing popularity of mobile devices (e.g., smartphones), remote sensing data as frequently used data sources are broadly applied to our daily life. At the same time, remote sensing data collection also presents a trend of popularization. To improve the utilization efficiency and availability of the obtained diversified remote sensing data, we propose a novel evaluation method based on information theory and scatterplot mapping model, i.e., geometrical mapping entropy (GME). The goal is to construct a unified model of measurement to be much more effectively and accurately evaluate the information content and quality of remotely sensed imagery. Different experimental data are used to verify the performance of the proposed method, i.e., a group of the dataset that contains different four types of images; the other group of image data contains the images with different modalities and different imaging times (2016–05, 2017–08, 2018–04, and 2018–06). Experimental results indicate that the proposed approach can better characterize the spectrum features and spatial structural features contained in images and visual perception information. Additionally, it can also reflect the difference in the quality of different modality images, especially the effect for the images that contain clouds or poor lighting conditions, is better.
FAIR AND STANDARD ACCESS TO SPATIAL DATA AS THE MEANS FOR ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
Authors: Ivánová I. , Brown N. , Fraser R. , Tengku N. , Rubinov E.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. FAIR, which stands for Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable, are the main principles adopted for sharing scientific data across communities. Implementing FAIR principles in publishing increases the value of digital resources, and the reuse of these by humans as well as machines. Introducing FAIR practices to the geospatial domain is especially relevant for the foundation geospatial data, such as precise positioning data. Within the next five years, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), with corrections from internet or satellite communications, will permit national coverage of positioning services with real-time accuracy of several centimetres or better. However, implementing FAIR principles is not yet common practice in the geospatial domain. There are dozens of standards available for defining and sharing geospatial data. These include the ISO 19100 series of standards, OGC specifications and several community profiles and best practice. However, in most cases these standards fall short in ensuring the FAIR distribution of geospatial resources. As our preliminary findings show, current geodetic metadata and data are not yet fully FAIR and data discovery and access is still very challenging. In this paper we discuss the concept of FAIR and its meaning for geodetic data, explore the needs of precise positioning users and their requirement for metadata and present preliminary results on the FAIRness of current geodetic standards.
EXAMINING MULTI-LEVEL POVERTY-CAUSING FACTORS OF FARM HOUSEHOLD
Authors: Jiang Y. W. , Wang Y. H. , Qi W. P.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. In view of the current research on the factors of poverty at home and abroad, most of them have less background effects on scale and the mechanism. This study uses a multi-level linear regression model and a geographic detector to jointly detect the poverty influencing factors in the study area. This study mainly draws the following three conclusions: (1) There are background effects on the scale of the poverty-stricken factors in the study area, and the background effects have a great impact. (2) At different scales there are significant poverty-stricken factors. (3) Different research methods lead to differences in research results.
Synthesis Theory and Optimum Design of Four-bar Linkage with Given Angle Parameters
Authors: Yin Lairong , Huang Long , Huang Juan , Xu Peng , Peng Xuejun , Zhang Peng
Published: November 2019

Abstract. In this paper, a synthesis method is proposed for the
5-point-contact four-bar linkage that approximates a straight line with
given angle parameters. The given parameters were the angles and the
location of the Ball point. Synthesis equations were derived for a general
Ball–Burmester point case, the Ball–Burmester point at an inflection pole,
and the Ball point that coincided with two Burmester points, resulting in
three respective groups of bar linkages. Next, taking Ball–Burmester point
as the coupler point, two out of the three bar-linkage combinations were
used to generate three four-bar mechanisms that shared the same portion of a
rectilinear trajectory. Computation examples were presented, and nine
cognate straight-line mechanisms were obtained based on the
Roberts-Chebyshev theory. Considering that the given parameters were angles
which was arbitrarily chosen, with the other two serving as the horizontal
and vertical axes, so the solution region graphs of the solutions for three
mechanism configurations were plotted. Based on these graphs, the
distribution of the mechanism attributes was obtained with high efficiency.
By imposing constraints, the optimum mechanism solution was
straightforwardly identified by the designers. For the angular parameters
prescribed in this paper, the solutions for three straight-line mechanism
configurations were obtained, along with nine cognate straight-line
mechanisms that shared the same portion of the rectilinear trajectory. All
the fixed pivot installation locations and motion performances differed,
thus providing multiple solutions to the trajectory of the synthesis of
mechanisms.
A multi-phasic approach for estimating the Biot coefficient for Grimsel granite
Authors: Selvadurai Patrick , Selvadurai Paul A. , Nejati Morteza
Published: November 2019

Abstract. This paper presents an alternative approach for estimating the Biot coefficient for the Grimsel granite, which appeals to the multi-phasic mineralogical composition of the rock. The modelling considers the transversely isotropic nature of the rock that is evident from both the visual appearance of the rock and determined from mechanical testing. Conventionally, estimation of the compressibility of the solid material is performed by fluid saturation of the pore space and pressurization. The drawback of this approach in terms of complicated experimentation and influences of the unsaturated pore space is alleviated by adopting the methods for estimating the solid material compressibility using developments in theories of multi-phase materials. The results of the proposed approach are compared with estimates available in the literature.