bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Cu, Fe, and Pb for Fast Neutron Shielding using Monte Carlo PHITS Simulation
Authors: Yani Sitti
Published: June 2024

Developing effective neutron shielding materials for applications like muon tomography requires understanding the interaction of neutrons with different materials. This study investigates the effectiveness of heavy metals (Cu, Fe, and Pb) as neutron shields using Monte Carlo PHITS simulations with fast neutrons (0.1, 0.5, and 1 MeV). Simulation results show that the intensity of transmitted neutrons decreases with increasing material thickness and atomic number (Pb > Fe > Cu). How far a particle travels before stopping is determined by two factors: its initial neutron energy and how likely it is to interact with the material it's passing through. These findings provide valuable insights into designing optimal neutron shielding materials for various applications.
The Sunk Costs of Cybersecurity Testing: Who Bears Responsibility?
Authors: Epp Natalie , Pentikis James , Roohani Saeed
Published: June 2024

This paper intends to bring further clarity regarding the role of the auditor when there is a consideration of a cybersecurity. It seems there is an expectation gap between what the public expects and what the auditor role is, and that cybersecurity testing requires additional skills and efforts. Are auditors currently compensated for the cybersecurity testing? Do they want the scope of the audit to expand to include cybersecurity assessment? Will this lack of clarity impact the corporate governance model that is based on transparency and monitoring? There is limited data available regarding cybersecurity audits and whether such audits lower the threat of cybersecurity. Our analysis suggests that auditors should not have direct responsibility for testing the cybersecurity of a client, rather direct testing should be accomplished by a third party, primarily an auditor specialist. Also, it is time to expect the auditor to become familiar with general cybersecurity skills and standards.
Asymmetric Impact of Real Effective Exchange Rate Shocks on Economic Growth in Africa: Evidence From Symmetric and Asymmetric Panel ARDL-PMG Model
Authors: Anoruo Emmanuel , Nwala Kingsley , Afolabi Felix
Published: June 2024

This paper examines the effects of the real effective exchange rate on economic growth in 11 African countries from 1990 to 2022 using linear and nonlinear panel ARDL estimators. The linear panel ARDL-PMG results indicate that broad money supply and general government consumption positively impact economic growth in the short and long term, while the real effective exchange rate has an insignificant effect. The negative and statistically significant error correction term (ECTt-1) suggests a long-term relationship between the variables. Similarly, the nonlinear panel ARDL-PMG results show that broad money supply and general government consumption have positive and significant effects on economic growth in both the short and long term. Negative shocks in the real effective exchange rate hinder economic growth in the short and long term, while positive shocks do not significantly affect economic growth. The paper discusses the policy implications of these findings.
The Effects of Government Protectionism: An Awareness, Motivation, Capability Approach
Authors: Bloodgood James M. , Bloodgood Jane A.
Published: June 2024

Firms in developed countries frequently struggle with low-cost foreign competition. This is somewhat perplexing given the historical advantages firms have in developed countries. We examine how these firms respond to market entry by low-cost foreign competitors. Their responses and outcomes vary depending on the government’s degree of intervention. Using the global steel industry as an example, the awareness, motivation, capability (AMC) framework is used to structure firm decision-making. We find that applying the AMC suggests that firm responses depend on government trade interventions, thus recommending firms and their governments integrate their efforts to enhance beneficial outcomes for firms and society.
A New Tool in the Battle against Global Bribery
Authors: Stanberry Kurt
Published: June 2024

This is a policy paper that analyzes a significant new development in U.S. regulatory policy designed to enhance the effort to fight global corruption. In a bold attempt to protect and promote fair competition in the global economy, the U.S. has provided government regulators with a powerful new tool. In a reversal of previous policy, the U.S. now allows prosecutors to go after foreign officials who demand bribes, even if the act of bribery occurred outside the United States. The use of this new anti-bribery tool is considered a major political and ethical development in the field of international business.
Social Mobility and Societal Impact: Transformative Initiatives at an AACSB Accredited College of Business at a Predominantly Black Institution
Authors: Chacko Jacob , Prieto Leon C.
Published: June 2024

This article explores the pivotal role of an AACSB-accredited business school at a predominantly Black institution in enhancing social mobility and addressing societal challenges through education and community engagement. It delves into how the institution integrates societal impact into its mission and curriculum, demonstrating a commitment to shaping students who are adept in business and conscious of their societal responsibilities. The article emphasizes a shift towards more socially responsive business education by aligning educational programs with real-world social issues. It highlights various initiatives and centers within the school that drive these efforts, fostering a deep connection between academic pursuits and community needs, ultimately enhancing social mobility and societal impact.
Rectal Malakoplakia Presenting as Multiple Rectal Polyps -A Case Report
Authors: A Kankanamge , A Elham , A Haddad , P Soni
Published: June 2024

Malakoplakia is a rare chronic granulomatous disease that may affect many organs, the genitourinary tact being the most common site. The second most common site is gastrointestinal tract. Here, we present a case of a 72year old immunocompetent female with a past history of Barrett’s oesophagus who underwent upper and lower GI endoscopy. Apart from three rectal polyps, the endoscopic examination was normal. Histological examination confirmed polypoid mucosa with malakoplakia manifested by the presence of characteristic Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. This is a rare case of isolated rectal polyposis with malakoplakia diagnosed on endoscopic specimens. Most of the reported cases of rectal malakoplakia have shown an association with systemic disease and/or colorectal carcinoma. Furthermore, there has been strong association with immunodeficiency or infective aetiologies.
Aspects of Neuromonitoring Used By Neurosurgeons among Tertiary and University Hospitals in Lebanon
Authors: Roumani Kassem , Kheir Karim , Jassem Omar Al , Nasrallah Khalil
Published: June 2024

Aims: Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) is being more implemented in medical practices and routinely used during surgical procedures. This study aims to assess neurosurgeons’ knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding the techniques of neuromonitoring used in spine surgeries, and the limitations that prevent them from implementing these techniques in care optimization. It also aims to determine which interventions are most effective at avoiding postoperative complications following IONM alerts. Results: Among the participating neurosurgeons, 16.7% confirmed adopting IONM regularly, while the majority (58.3%) rarely used spinal cord monitoring. One neurosurgeon, however, stated that he never used any monitoring. More than 80% of neurosurgeons thought IONM modalities were useful for spinal procedures. Discussion: IONM of the spinal cord is changing dramatically as a result of the recent technological advancements and the development of a wide range neurophysiological techniques to improve patient outcomes. This contribution in enhancing the safety of spinal procedures and limiting potential iatrogenic neurologic injuries has made IONM more popular among neurosurgeons. Additionally, more than 80% of neurosurgeons considered IONM modalities to be useful for spinal procedures. Conclusion: IONM is a highly useful neuromonitoring technique to identify the signs of potential postoperative neurologic deficits and avoid possible subsequent sequelae. Physicians should have enough knowledge regarding the proposed surgery, and the preferred types of IONM to be employed, and understand the influence of drugs and anesthetic techniques on evoked potentials in order to choose the most appropriate neuromonitoring approach.
Marked Improvement of Severe Treatment Resistant Migraine Headaches with the Dopaminergic Drug Cabergoline
Authors: Check Jerome H , Check Diane L , Neumann Brooke
Published: June 2024

One of the hypothesized mechanisms for headaches is an increase in brain tissue permeability resulting in unwanted irritants permeating brain tissue leading to inflammation and pain. Support for this hypothesis was provided by the demonstration that treatment with the drug dextroamphetamine sulfate leads to very improved relief of pain even when standard treatments have failed. The reason for using dextroamphetamine sulfate was to release more dopamine from sympathetic nerve fibers to decrease cellular permeability, and thus inhibit infiltration of irritants. However, it is possible that this sympathomimetic amine functions in some different way to relieve headache pain other than diminishing cellular permeability by releasing dopamine. To test this hypothesis another drug, cabergoline, which is not in the amphetamine class of drugs, that releases more dopamine into the circulation, was given to a woman with severe headaches refractory to all standard therapy with the exception of dextroamphetamine sulfate. Similar to dextroamphetamine sulfate, cabergoline resulted in marked amelioration of the headaches thus supporting the hypothesized mechanism. From a practical standpoint, cabergoline can be tried in patients who have side effects from dextroamphetamine sulfate. Also, since cabergoline has no class II drug restrictions, patients and prescribing physicians may be more comfortable prescribing cabergoline over dextroamphetamine sulfate. Furthermore, it can substitute as an alternate treatment for patients in certain states, e.g., New Jersey, where off-label use of class II drugs is prohibited.
Emergency Preparedness for Heat Illness in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Authors: Tibebu Tilahun Wondimagegn , Tirfe Fraol Worku , Yitaferu Mekdelawit Birhanu , Shiferaw Hermela Zewge , Bzuayehu Helina Mesele , Tesfaye Milcah Temesgen , Belay Tsedenia Ephrem , Mergia Winta Theodros , Melaku Mateyas Yohannes , Belay Bezawit Tefera , Habtu Lidya Maregie
Published: June 2024

Background: The incidences and fatalities from heat illness have increased in the recent decades along with more frequent heatwaves. Thus, providing effective urgent care for heat illness is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Yet, research on the necessary emergency preparedness for managing such cases has been minimally explored. Methods: A content-validated survey, the Perceived Emergency Preparedness Scale for heat illness (heatPEPS), was distributed to emergency nurses across Ethiopia via Email from December 23, 2019, to January 23, 2020. A subset of these nurses underwent a retest after two weeks. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 26, IRTPRO 4.2, and NVivo 12 Plus. Results: A valid response rate of 46.4% (200/431) was achieved. Dichotomous scoring revealed a high mean heatPEPS score (7.29; SD 1.667). The refined 9-item heatPEPS demonstrated an excellent fit with the 2PL model (M2 = 27.24, p > 0.05; RMSEA = 0.01) and satisfactory internal (α = 0.68) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation = 0.56). A significant portion of participants (74%) expressed dissatisfaction with their knowledge and skills related to heat illness, identifying a critical area for improvement in emergency preparedness. Conclusion: While emergency departments seem to be well-prepared, this perception may be influenced by social desirability bias. The 9-item heatPEPS proves to be a valid and reliable instrument for assessing emergency preparedness for heat illness.
Altered Metabolism of Iron, Vitamin B, and Vitamin B12 Potentially Interfere with Vitamin D- Activation in Children with Autism
Authors: Russell-Jones Gregory John
Published: June 2024

Studies have shown that deficiencies in iron, Iodine, vitamin B12 and vitamin D are independently associated with developmental delay in children. Whilst there is the possibility that these operate in independent fashion, there is also the possibility that these nutrients come together in some sort of Nexus, which is causative for developmental delay. Activation of vitamin D is a multi-enzyme process, which requires the contribution of several co-factors including iron, vitamin B2 and vitamin B12. We have used urinary phosphoric acid as a marker of functional vitamin D deficiency, and have compared various urinary metabolic markers with urinary phosphoric acid levels to follow the essential elements in vitamin D activation. Activation of vitamin D was dependent upon sufficient levels of iron, vitamin B2 and vitamin B12, which are required during the activation of vitamin D by a multi-enzyme complex of CYP27B1, adrenodoxin, and adrenodoxin reductase. The findings bring together the various causes of developmental delay into a central Nexus, which can potentially be used in the treatment and prevention of the condition.
Effect of Women’s Age on Pregnancy Outcome with a Triple Line Pattern in Mid Luteal Phase in Frozen-Thawed Embryo Transfer Cycles
Authors: Brooke Neumann , Jerome Check , Carrie Wilson
Published: June 2024

Objectives: The presence of a triple line (TL) endometrial sonographic echo pattern has been associated with diminished fecundity. The purpose of the present study was to determine if advanced woman’s age increases the frequency of mid-luteal TL endometrial echo patterns. Furthermore, to see if the presence of this pattern, despite progesterone (P) supplementation, is associated with diminished live delivered pregnancy rates following frozen embryo transfer (FET). Design: Retrospective Cohort Study. Participants/Materials: Embryos derived from women aged <35 that were frozen and were subsequently transferred were used for this study. Setting: University, IVF Center outside of the hospital-separate building. Methods: All women were treated with the same graduated estrogen/progesterone regimen. Mid luteal phase sonograms were performed, and the type of endometrial echo patterns was determined Live delivered pregnancy rates (LDPRs) were determined according to three age groups at the time of transfer (<36, 36-39, and 40-42) and according to echo pattern. Results: There was 2769 FETs in women <36 years old and 142 showed a midluteal TL pattern (5.4%). There were 907 FETs in women 36-39 and the TL pattern was found in 38 women (4.2%). There were 407 FETs in women aged 40-42 and 11 had the TL echo pattern (2.7%). The LDPR for women <36 was 34.7% (914/2627) for non-TL vs 37.3% (53/142) for TL pattern. In women 36-39, the LDPR for non-TL was 26.5% (230/669) vs 13.2% (5/38) for TL pattern. For women, aged 40-42, the LDPR was 12% (49/408) with non-TL and no live deliveries (0/11) with TL. Limitations: Retrospective studies are not as credible for various reasons as prospective studies including fortuitous bias of the groups being compared. Frequently this disadvantage may be obviated by generally much larger number of subjects in retrospective studies as seen in the present study. The frequency of TL patterns were too low to determine if lower LDPR in women > 36 are real or fortuitous when TL pattern is seen. Conclusions: Though the frequency of persistence of a TL pattern does not increase in frequency with advancing age, persistence of a TL pattern is uncommon. However, the LDPRs may be lower in women with advancing age if the pattern persists. This may be related to a subtle decrease in endometrial receptivity with advancing age only manifested in the extreme situation of persistence of a TL pattern. There is also the possibility that less quality embryos were the ones left for transfer in the women of advancing age. This possible confounding effect could have been negated by a prospective study, but as mentioned, a prospective study would suffer from lack of power.
Addressing the AAPI COVID-19 Health Effects in Pima County
Authors: Eng Howard J
Published: June 2024

Background: COVID-19 had significant physical, mental, and social health impacts on the Asian Americans and Pacific Islander (AAPI) populations in Pima County, Arizona, USA. The Together We Thrive project established specific activities to address the three health areas impacted by COVID-19: vaccination clinics to reduce severe cases, social health classes to reduce social isolation, and mental health panel presentations to reduce anxiety/ depression/stress associated with the virus. The activities that address each of the three health areas were evaluated for their impact. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study (program evaluation). The number of vaccines given at the clinics were recorded. For social health classes and mental health panel presentations, evaluation forms collected information on knowledge gain, usefulness of knowledge gain, and impact. Results: Sixty-five individuals got vaccinated. Most of the 19 social health class attendees gained new knowledge. Seventy-two percent planned to expand their social network. Most of the nine who attended the mental health panel presentations gained new useful knowledge, were better able to cope with the mental health effects associated with COVID-19, and planned to practice the coping exercises learned. Conclusion: Ninety-three individuals had benefitted from the three TWT activities offered. Outreaching to AAPI populations and the changing COVID -19 needs required innovative health education and promotion approaches.
Psychiatric Co-Morbidities of Epilepsy in the University Hospitals of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Authors: LOMPO Djingri Labodi , KYELEM Julie Adeline , ZOUNGRANA Alassane , KERE Fabienne , NAPON Christian , MILLOGO Athanase
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Psychiatric co-morbidities in epilepsy are dominated by depression, anxiety disorders and psychotic disorders. They have a negative impact on epilepsy, particularly in terms of increased psychological suffering, impaired quality of life and reduced seizure control. This study was carried out at the Ouagadougou university hospitals, Burkina Faso, with the aim of contributing to better management of patients with epilepsy. Its objectives were to describe the psychiatric co-morbidities of epilepsy and to identify the associated factors. Patients and Methods: Prospective, descriptive and analytical, multicentre, hospital-based, cross-sectional study, which took place in the Ouagadougou University Hospitals, from 10/07/2021 to 15/12/2021, and involved patients undergoing outpatient treatment for epilepsy. The diagnosis of depressive syndrome was established using the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDIE) scale and that of generalized anxiety disorder using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder -7 (GAD-7) scale. The diagnosis of psychotic disorder was established by psychiatric expertise. The characteristics of patients with epilepsy and the frequency and characteristics of psychiatric comorbidities were analyzed. A bivariate analysis was used to identify factors associated with the risk of depressive syndrome or generalized anxiety disorder, using EPI INFO 7.1.10 software. The value of p≤ 0.05 was retained. Results: One hundred and eleven (111) patients were included in this study, 64 of whom were men (57.7%). The mean age of the patients was 36.9+/-13 years with a mean age of onset of the first seizures of 29+/- 14.8 years. Epilepsy was focal in 56.8%. A high risk of generalized anxiety disorder was detected in 44/111 patients, i.e. 39.6%; an anxiety syndrome was confirmed in 18 patients after psychiatric expertise, i.e. 16.2%; no factors associated with anxiety disorders were identified. A high risk of a major depressive episode was detected in 41/111 patients, i.e. 36.9%; a major depressive syndrome was diagnosed in 25 patients after psychiatric expertise, i.e. 22.5%. Epilepsy with focal neurological signs was significantly associated with a risk of major depressive disorder (p=0.012). Conclusion: Depression, anxiety and chronic psychosis are frequent psychiatric comorbidities of epilepsy in our context, hence the importance of integrated neuropsychiatric management.
Holistic Health and the Process of Recovery
Authors: Scoles Pascal
Published: June 2024

An integrated, holistic concept of comprehensive recovery healthcare has evolved from studying the complex interaction of genetic, emotional, spiritual, physical, dietary, mental, and environmental life issues [1]. Long-term trauma recovery management involves one’s body, mind, and spiritual balance characterized by: (1) positive emotions, (2) constructive thoughts, and (3) responsible actions. Complete transformation emphasizes the person's physical, emotional, social, and spiritual integration. Various therapies, which address the body’s energy fields, ensure a more significant opportunity for sustained health. Eastern practices such as massage, meditation, Asian acupressure methods, and acupuncture have been beneficial in reducing stress, tension, and anxiety. Bodywork activities such as Therapeutic Touch, Reiki Therapy, and Cranio-Sacral Therapy can reduce the emotional stress of daily life problems. The cornerstone to holistic health assumes whole foods, medicinal herbs, and nutritional supplements enhance diet, build physical balance, and nourish body tissues. The movement towards a person's physical, emotional, social, and spiritual integration and a responsible lifestyle is a desire of all recovering individuals. Holistic health is always reflected in a person's attempt to take control over their body, mind, and spirit. This integrated concept of comprehensive health arises from a complex interaction of genetic, emotional, spiritual, physical, dietary, mental, and environmental life issues. Long-term trauma recovery management involves a body, mind, and spiritual balance characterized by positive emotion, constructive thoughts, and responsible actions. Total transformation emphasizes the whole person's physical, emotional, social, and spiritual integration [1].
O sofrimento psíquico dos profissionais da Atenção Básica em saúde em época de pandemia
Authors: Giraldi Jaqueline , Pecoraro Tatiane , Wessling Larissa Iez , Santos Samara dos
Published: June 2024

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo verificar se profissionais da saúde vivenciam sofrimento decorrente da pandemia de Covid-19 e, se afirmativo, como esse processo se manifesta. Os profissionais da saúde desempenham uma importante função nessa luta, sendo expostos a situações de risco que desencadeiam imensuráveis sentimentos frente à possibilidade de contágio pessoal e das pessoas ao seu redor. Usou-se de entrevista semiestruturada, de forma on-line, com nove profissionais dos serviços de saúde, sendo a maioria da rede de atenção básica, com dois a dezesseis anos de atuação, que estão na linha de frente da pandemia desde março de 2020. A discussão consistiu na análise do discurso, evidenciando como a lógica de produção tem influência nos modos de sofrimento e nos demais atravessamentos desse. Ainda, identificou-se o desenvolvimento de um cuidado de si frente ao trabalho em saúde e a importância da correlação deles, demonstrando a necessidade da atuação da psicologia nesses ambientes.
Loreta Valadares, Anna Maria Maiolino e a resistência à ditadura militar brasileira: uma perspectiva de “teor testemunhal” e de gênero
Authors: Pimenta Pedro Henrique Aleixo , Arendt João Claudio
Published: June 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar contrastivamente os poemas “Onde estão os homens?” (1966) e “às companheiras e companheiros” (1995), de Loreta Valadares, e as fotografias “Por um fio” (1976) e “Entrevidas” (1981), de Anna Maria Maiolino, com vistas a verificar como ambas representaram a repressão ocorrida no período da ditadura civil-militar brasileira (1964-1985). Com a discussão, é possível perceber que as artistas, além de representarem a opressão do Estado, evidenciaram o autoritarismo e a “dominação masculina” imposta até mesmo em grupos de militância e na própria estrutura familiar pessoal. Nesse sentido, as obras marcam a contestação, a representação do feminino, o silêncio e a herança patriarcal atravessados pelo “teor testemunhal”. Este estudo justifica-se em razão do “Mal de Alzheimer Nacional” que assola a sociedade brasileira e impulsiona a necessidade de recuperar obras e artistas que representam o período de exceção.
Memória e felicidade: o discurso de Paul Ricoeur cantado por Elza Soares
Authors: Daibert Bárbara Simões , Santos Sabrina Cristina dos
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho objetiva investigar como a hermenêutica do estudioso francês Paul Ricoeur pode ser percebida nas canções interpretadas por Elza Soares. Ademais, visa a demonstrar, no nível discursivo, como a voz da artista evoca uma memória que deve ser reconstruída para promover a reescrita da história e, nos níveis social, econômico, político e cultural, permitir mudanças que sejam capazes de viabilizar uma vida digna e uma existência mais feliz para os subalternizados. Para tanto, serão utilizadas as metodologias de análise textual, visando à leitura dos elementos literários que compõem a canção, tais como a construção do eu poético e os temas tratados; e análise crítica, propondo um prisma decolonial com base nos Estudos Culturais e, de forma mais específica, no filósofo Paul Ricoeur. Intenta-se, assim, mostrar o discurso de Ricoeur sendo cantado por Elza Soares, a qual usa a arte para construir sua ciência alegre.
Projetos de Iniciação Científica Júnior desenvolvidos em 2008/2009
Authors: Pátaro Cristina Satiê de Oliveira
Published: June 2024

Projetos de Iniciação Científica Júnior desenvolvidos em 2008/2009
Using borehole radar detecting hydraulic fracturing crack in near horizontal holes in coal mine
Authors: Bici Jiang
Published: June 2024

Currently, hydraulic fracturing technology is widely implemented for controlling the surrounding rock and enhancing permeability in low-permeability coal seams. Evaluating the effectiveness of hydraulic fracturing is a critical component of hydraulic fracturing operations. This study addresses the challenges in assessing the location, extension angle, and initial width of fracturing fractures within the current framework of hydraulic fracturing effectiveness evaluation in coal mines. We propose utilizing single-hole reflection borehole radar to evaluate the hydraulic fracturing effect, and through numerical simulation, we analyze the response characteristics of borehole radar when detecting various hydraulic fracturing-induced cracks. Initially, five models representing hydraulic fracturing cracks and two models for non-hydraulic fracturing cracks were established. Subsequently, the responses of borehole radar with central frequencies of 100, 200, and 400 MHz to cracks of identical shapes were analyzed. Additionally, the response characteristics of borehole radar with a 200 MHz central frequency to cracks of varying lengths (1, 2, 3 m), widths (4, 8, 40 cm), and angles (90°, 45°, 15°) were examined. Finally, a comparative analysis was conducted between hydraulic and non-hydraulic fracturing cracks. A branch hole was employed to simulate a hydraulic fracturing crack, allowing for an analysis of the borehole radar’s response characteristics in practical scenarios. The findings indicate that borehole radar is a viable tool for assessing hydraulic fracturing effects, providing a theoretical foundation for identifying the position of cracks, evaluating their effectiveness, and determining the regional effectiveness of the hydraulic fracturing crack system.
Enhancing educational continuity: exploring factors affecting the success of learning management systems in Dubai higher education
Authors: Allam Hesham , Dempere Juan , Kalota Faisal , Hua David
Published: June 2024

Introduction

In recent years, educational institutions worldwide have increasingly embraced technology as a means of enhancing the learning experience and adapting to the demands of the modern era. This trend toward digital transformation has become even more pronounced in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, which necessitated a rapid shift to remote learning modalities. Learning Management Systems (LMS) have emerged as crucial tools for educational continuity, enabling institutions to deliver course materials, facilitate communication, and manage student progress in virtual environments. However, the success of LMS implementation varied among educational institutions, with some achieving seamless transitions while others encountered challenges stemming from students' reluctance to fully embrace the technology. This paper contributes to the understanding of LMS adoption in higher education institutions in Dubai, UAE, by proposing a comprehensive model based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and enhanced with modern factors that fit the nature of virtual learning.

Methods

Employing a quantitative research approach, the study utilized the main structure of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to propose an enhanced version of factors that might influence students' acceptance of online learning management systems. To collect the necessary data, a self-administered survey questionnaire was distributed to 500 students, ensuring a comprehensive dataset for analysis. The analysis was conducted using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), a robust statistical technique suitable for complex models with latent variables. This method allowed the researchers to empirically validate the proposed model, assessing the impact of various modern factors tailored to the nature of virtual learning environments.

Results

The study's empirical findings revealed several significant factors influencing students' intentions to use LMS, including personal innovation, perceived utility, system quality, service quality, and information quality. While system quality encompasses the technical aspects and functionalities of the LMS, information quality focuses on the relevance, accuracy, completeness, and timeliness of the system's content.

Discussion

These insights provide valuable guidance for educational institutions in Dubai and beyond, offering actionable recommendations for optimizing LMS implementation strategies to enhance student engagement and educational outcomes in the digital learning landscape.
The evolution of China’s English education policy and challenges in higher education: analysis based on LDA and Word2Vec
Authors: Hu Haiyang , Li Fan , Luo Zhengying
Published: June 2024

China proposed the Belt and Road Initiative to strengthen regional connectivity so as to embrace a brighter future together. Since the Initiative was put forward, it has brought many challenges to China’s English education policy. By employing Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and Word2Vec, this study analyzes the evolution of topics and challenges in China’s English education policy under the Belt and Road Initiative. The results indicate that after the initiative, the policy focus has changed. English education has shifted from testing abilities to cultivating students’ intercultural communication skills in order to meet the needs with countries alongside the “Belt and Road”. Moreover, teaching strategies that were examination-oriented have also changed to emphasizing teaching methods and feedback. The focus and teaching strategies have also undergone great changes. China’s English education policy has shifted from focusing on improving students’ writing skills, English proficiency, and creativity to conducting in-depth research and addressing specific issues, including challenges in linguistics, media influence, educational institutions and programs, online courses, attitudes and self-efficacy, use of multiple languages and globalization, teaching issues, and curriculum design. These findings shed light on how the Belt and Road Initiative changed China’s English education policy and provide further directions for future research.
Localization of sustainable development goals among non-teaching staff in higher education: the status quo dynamics at great Zimbabwe university
Authors: Nyambiya Isaac , Chapungu Lazarus , Maoela Malebajoa Anicia
Published: June 2024

Introduction

The influence of non-teaching staff on localizing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) within universities is underexplored despite its potential significance. This study examines the familiarization with SDGs at Great Zimbabwe University (GZU).

Methods

The triangulation convergence model of the mixed methods research design was adopted as the strategy for inquiry. The study surveyed 70 randomly selected non-teaching staff from diverse departments and key informant interviews were done with purposively selected non-teaching staff. Secondary data sources were obtained from the information department and the university website for additional details on SDG localisation initiatives.

Results

The results indicate that the non-teaching staff members at GZU exhibit a moderate familiarity with SDGs, scoring 42.14%. About 42.86% of the employees had engaged with SDGs documents. Interestingly, respondents perceived the institution as well-prepared for SDGs localization, scoring 62.17%. The overall SDGs localization score is 58.5%, with variations between specific SDGs. In particular, SDG 5 (Gender Equality) scores highest, while SDG 14 (Life below Water) is the least localized. The study identifies several obstacles that hinder non-teaching staff from actively contributing to SDG implementation, such as primarily financial constraints followed by lack of awareness, demotivated employees, insufficient training, and a scarcity of SDG materials. Structural challenges within the institution were also observed.

Discussion

To facilitate the mainstreaming of SDGs issues among non-academic staff activities and initiatives, the study underscores the need for management to play an enabling role and designate focal persons for SDGs to oversee projects’ execution. Overall, this research sheds light on the current status of SDGs familiarization in higher learning institutions and offers insights for enhancing the involvement of non-teaching staff in achieving SDG targets.
An age-and sex-matched postoperative therapy should be required in thyroid papillary carcinoma
Authors: Yan Caigu , Sun Jinjin , He Xianghui , Jia Lanning
Published: June 2024

Background and purpose

Thyroid papillary carcinoma (PTC) had a high possibility of recurrence after surgery, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression and radioactive iodine (131I) were used for postoperative therapy. This study explored the potential mechanism of lymph node metastasis (LNM) and aimed to develop differentiated treatments for PTC.

Method

This study explored the risk factors of lymph node metastasis in PTC by analyzing the clinical information of 2073 cases. The Cancer Genome Atlas Thyroid Cancer (TCGA-THCA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases of gene expression were analyzed to identify the interrelationships between gene expression to phenotype.

Results

Analyzing clinical data, we found that male gender, younger age, larger tumor size, and extra-thyroidal extension (ETE) were risk significant risk factors for lymph node metastasis(P<0.05). Conversely, thyroid function parameters such as TSH, FT3, FT4, TSH/FT3, and TSH/FT4 didn’t correlate with LNM(P>0.05), and TSH levels were observed to be higher in females(P<0.05). Gene expression analysis revealed that SLC5A5 was down-regulated in males, younger individuals, and those with lymph node metastasis, and a lower level of SLC5A5 was associated with a worse disease-free survival(P<0.05). Additionally, our examination of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data indicated that SLC5A5 expression was reduced in tumors and lymph node metastasis samples, correlating positively with the expression of TSHR.

Conclusion

The impact of TSH on PTC behavior remained unclear, while the capacity for absorbing 131I in dependence on SLC5A5 showed variations across different genders and ages. We conclude that postoperative treatment of PTC should take into account the differences caused by gender and age.
The efficacy of bisphosphonates for osteoporosis in young Cushing’s disease patients with biochemical remission: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sun Quanya , Sun Wanwan , Ye Hongying , Zhang Shuo
Published: June 2024

Background

Patients with Cushing’s disease (CD) often experience slow recovery of bone mineral density (BMD), and the effectiveness of anti-osteoporosis drugs in young CD patients who have achieved biochemical remission after surgery is not well understood. Therefore, we aimed to explore whether bisphosphonates could help accelerate the recovery of osteoporosis in young CD patients with remission.

Methods

We retrospectively enrolled 34 young patients with CD who achieved postoperative biochemical remission. All patients suffered from osteoporosis before surgery and were divided into postoperative bisphosphonate treatment group (16 cases) and without bisphosphonate treatment group (18 cases). Clinical data, BMD (Z Value), and bone turnover markers were collected at the time of diagnosis and one year after successful tumor resection.

Results

The Z values in the lumbar spine showed slight improvement in both groups at follow-up compared to baseline, but this improvement was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference observed between the two groups at follow-up. One year after operation, bone formation markers (OC and P1NP) were significantly higher than those at baseline in both groups. However, OC and P1NP in the bisphosphonate treatment group were lower than those in control group at one year follow-up. In without bisphosphonate treatment group, β-CTX from follow-up visit was higher than that at baseline, while no significant difference was observed in the bisphosphonate treatment group before and after surgery.

Conclusion

Young patients with Cushing’s disease combined with osteoporosis might not benefit from bisphosphonate therapy for osteoporosis recovery in the first year after achieving biochemical remission.
A hybrid neural network based on KF-SA-Transformer for SOC prediction of lithium-ion battery energy storage systems
Authors: Xiong Yifei , Shi Qinglian , Shen Lingxu , Chen Chen , Lu Wu , Xu Cong
Published: June 2024

With the widespread application of energy storage stations, BMS has become an important subsystem in modern power systems, leading to an increasing demand for improving the accuracy of SOC prediction in lithium-ion battery energy storage systems. Currently, common methods for predicting battery SOC include the Ampere-hour integration method, open circuit voltage method, and model-based prediction techniques. However, these methods often have limitations such as single-variable research, complex model construction, and inability to capture real-time changes in SOC. In this paper, a novel prediction method based on the KF-SA-Transformer model is proposed by combining model-based prediction techniques with data-driven methods. By using temperature, voltage, and current as inputs, the limitations of single-variable studies in the Ampere-hour integration method and open circuit voltage method are overcome. The Transformer model can overcome the complex modeling process in model-based prediction techniques by implementing a non-linear mapping between inputs and SOC. The presence of the Kalman filter can eliminate noise and improve data accuracy. Additionally, a sparse autoencoder mechanism is integrated to optimize the position encoding embedding of input vectors, further improving the prediction process. To verify the effectiveness of the algorithm in predicting battery SOC, an open-source lithium-ion battery dataset was used as a case study in this paper. The results show that the proposed KF-SA-Transformer model has superiority in improving the accuracy and reliability of battery SOC prediction, playing an important role in the stability of the grid and efficient energy allocation.
Characterizing customer attrition mitigation strategies in container-based sanitation (CBS) organizations: the challenge of the public-private continuum
Authors: Ventura Rebecca , VanRiper Froggi , Javernick-Will Amy
Published: June 2024

An estimated 3.6 billion people lack safely managed services globally, many of whom live in challenging urban contexts and face multiple barriers to accessing safely managed sanitation. These households need solutions that span the entire sanitation chain, from waste containment to waste treatment and disposal. Container-based sanitation (CBS) is one such solution. CBS organizations provide safely managed sanitation services to subscribers and largely depend on customers subscribing and remaining subscribed to their services. However, these organizations report that they experience high rates of customer attrition, which can make sustaining operations and/or meeting community sanitation goals difficult. Few studies have investigated the strategies being implemented to mitigate this attrition. To address this need, we used an exploratory case study approach, interviewing employees from seven CBS organizations and gathering documentation, to identify the perceived drivers and strategies employed to mitigate attrition. The dominant perceived driver of attrition was economic challenges faced by subscribers, and the most common strategy to mitigate this attrition was developing individual repayment plans. Notably, organizations described attrition mitigation strategies that ranged along a public-private continuum. Strategies carried important tradeoffs, for example, private-leaning strategies often limited cases’ ability to service the most economically challenged households while reducing their risk to operational sustainability. Public-leaning strategies often sought to maximize the households serviced through external funding and subsidies; a long-term goal of some respondents. Future research should consider longitudinally studying CBS organizations to better understand their movement along the public-private continuum and how these essential sanitation services could be best supported by public actors.
DeepSplice: a deep learning approach for accurate prediction of alternative splicing events in the human genome
Authors: Abrar Mohammad , Hussain Didar , Khan Izaz Ahmad , Ullah Fasee , Haq Mohd Anul , Aleisa Mohammed A. , Alenizi Abdullah , Bhushan Shashi , Martha Sheshikala
Published: June 2024

Alternative splicing (AS) is a crucial process in genetic information processing that generates multiple mRNA molecules from a single gene, producing diverse proteins. Accurate prediction of AS events is essential for understanding various physiological aspects, including disease progression and prognosis. Machine learning (ML) techniques have been widely employed in bioinformatics to address this challenge. However, existing models have limitations in capturing AS events in the presence of mutations and achieving high prediction performance. To overcome these limitations, this research presents deep splicing code (DSC), a deep learning (DL)-based model for AS prediction. The proposed model aims to improve predictive ability by investigating state-of-the-art techniques in AS and developing a DL model specifically designed to predict AS events accurately. The performance of the DSC model is evaluated against existing techniques, revealing its potential to enhance the understanding and predictive power of DL algorithms in AS. It outperforms other models by achieving an average AUC score of 92%. The significance of this research lies in its contribution to identifying functional implications and potential therapeutic targets associated with AS, with applications in genomics, bioinformatics, and biomedical research. The findings of this study have the potential to advance the field and pave the way for more precise and reliable predictions of AS events, ultimately leading to a deeper understanding of genetic information processing and its impact on human physiology and disease.
The mARS complex: a critical mediator of immune regulation and homeostasis
Authors: Amanya Sharon Bright , Oyewole-Said Damilola , Ernste Keenan J. , Bisht Nalini , Murthy Arnav , Vazquez-Perez Jonathan , Konduri Vanaja , Decker William K.
Published: June 2024

Over the course of evolution, many proteins have undergone adaptive structural changes to meet the increasing homeostatic regulatory demands of multicellularity. Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (aaRS), enzymes that catalyze the attachment of each amino acid to its cognate tRNA, are such proteins that have acquired new domains and motifs that enable non-canonical functions. Through these new domains and motifs, aaRS can assemble into large, multi-subunit complexes that enhance the efficiency of many biological functions. Moreover, because the complexity of multi-aminoacyl tRNA synthetase (mARS) complexes increases with the corresponding complexity of higher eukaryotes, a contribution to regulation of homeostatic functions in multicellular organisms is hypothesized. While mARS complexes in lower eukaryotes may enhance efficiency of aminoacylation, little evidence exists to support a similar role in chordates or other higher eukaryotes. Rather, mARS complexes are reported to regulate multiple and variegated cellular processes that include angiogenesis, apoptosis, inflammation, anaphylaxis, and metabolism. Because all such processes are critical components of immune homeostasis, it is important to understand the role of mARS complexes in immune regulation. Here we provide a conceptual analysis of the current understanding of mARS complex dynamics and emerging mARS complex roles in immune regulation, the increased understanding of which should reveal therapeutic targets in immunity and immune-mediated disease.
Association of lower urinary tract symptoms and geriatric nutritional risk index in men: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES
Authors: Zheng Tianyun , Sun Huaibin , Tang Yueqing , Zeng Yuan , Yan Lei
Published: June 2024

Background

Despite previous literature exploring the factors influencing lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), few studies have examined the relationship between nutritional status and LUTS.

Objectives

The objective of this research was to evaluate the relationship between LUTS and Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) in middle-aged and older men.

Methods

We included 2,607 men in the NHANES 2005–2006 and 2007–2008 cycles for cross-sectional analysis. We screened for LUTS based on four specific questions on the relevant questionnaire. We calculated GNRI according to the relevant calculation formula and included other covariates. Multivariate logistic analysis using GNRI as the principal independent variable and adjusting for other covariates were used to determine the association with LUTS, nocturia, and daytime LUTS.

Results

According to the responses to the questionnaire, out of 2,607 eligible participants, 471 had LUTS, 906 had nocturia, and 819 had daytime LUTS. In the unadjusted regression model, LUTS (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.91–0.96, p < 0.001), nocturia (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.88–0.93, p < 0.001), and daytime LUTS (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.94–0.99, p = 0.002) were significantly negatively associated with GNRI. After adjustment by adding covariates, LUTS (OR = 0.97,95% CI =0.94–0.99, p = 0.026) and nocturia (OR = 0.94, 95% CI =0.91–0.93, p < 0.001) were significantly negatively associated with GNRI.

Conclusion

Low GNRI was associated with the development of LUTS. In the prevention and treatment of LUTS, urologists should consider the impact of nutritional status on LUTS, and interventions for nutritional status may prevent and improve LUTS.