bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Strong Mooring Rope With Embedded Electric Cable
Authors: Yamamoto Ikuo , Kosaka Toshiyuki , Nakatsuka Hirofumi , Halswell Peter , Johanning Lars , Weller Sam
Published: December 2020

Synthetic fibre ropes are in widespread use in maritime applications ranging from lifting to temporary and permanent mooring systems for vessels, fish farm, offshore equipment and platforms. The selection of synthetic ropes over conventional steel components is motivated by several key advantages including selectable axial stiffness, energy absorption and hence load mitigation, fatigue resistance and low unit cost. The long-term use of ropes as safety critical components in potentially high dynamic loading environments necessitates that new designs are verified using stringent qualification procedures. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is one certification body that has produced several guidelines for the testing of synthetic ropes encompassing quasi-static and dynamic loading as well as fatigue cycling.

The paper presents the results of tension-tension tests carried out to ISO 2307:2010, ISO 18692:2007(E) and ISO/TS 19336:2015(E) on 12-strand rope with embedded electric cable constructions manufactured by Ashimori Industry Co. Ltd from Vectran fibres. The purpose of the tests was to characterise the performance of a novel strand construction (SSR) and compare this to a conventional 12-strand construction. Utilising the Dynamic Marine Component test facility (DMaC) at the University of Exeter several key performance metrics were determined including; elongation, minimum break load (MBL), quasi-static, dynamic stiffness and embedded cable resistance. During the ISO 2307:2010(E) test programme the samples were tested dry and during the ISO 18692:2007(E) and ISO/TS 19336:2015(E) test programmes the samples were fully submerged in tap water after being soaked in water for at least 24 hours. Two methods were used to quantify sample extension: i) an optical tracking system and ii) a potentiometer. Axial compression fatigue and cyclic loading endurance tests were also carried out on Vectran sample. Failure of the Vectran sample or embedded cable did not occur during tests carried out using DMaC. Further tests and sample analysis were also carried out by Ashimori Industry Co. Ltd.

Quasi-static bedding-in at 50% MBS and cyclic load endurance test with 6000 cycles between 3.57% MBS and 53.6% MBS was completed. The Effective Working Length (EWL) was 3.821 m before testing and 3.974m after testing. The resistance of the cable increased from 9.6962 Ω to 9.7693Ω during the test and importantly the embedded cable did not fail. Each tensile loading cycle of the rope caused a measurable variation in wire resistance; approximately 0.01Ω. The data obtained during these tests will provide insight into the behaviour of these materials, which will be of use to rope manufacturers and mooring system designers, in addition to offshore equipment and vessel operators.
A New Coupled Model for the Assessment of Offshore Structures in Non-Gaussian Seas
Authors: Decorte Griet , Toffoli Alessandro , Lombaert Geert , Monbaliu Jaak
Published: December 2020

Although wave-wave interaction phenomena in random seas have shown to lead to a departure from Gaussian statistics and therefore to a higher occurrence of extreme waves, they are usually not taken along in the assessment of the dynamic behaviour of offshore structures. Supported by a rapid increase of computational resources, the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models has become viable for studying the above mentioned wave-structure interaction phenomena. Still, these models remain computationally expensive, which impedes their use for the large domains and the long periods of time necessary for studying non-Gaussian seas. Therefore, a one-way domain decomposition strategy is proposed, which takes advantage of the recent advances in CFD as well as of the computational benefits of the higher-order spectral (HOS) models previously used to assess non-Gaussian seas. The unidirectional non-Gaussian sea obtained by this coupled HOS-CFD model shows excellent agreement with the target wave field generated by the higher-order spectral numerical wave tank. In addition, the wave-structure interaction for a simplified monopile, which is excited by a non-Gaussian sea, seems to be captured well.
Unsteady Wave-Making Resistance of an Accelerating Ship
Authors: Li Mingxin , Yuan Zhi-Ming , Yeung Ronald W.
Published: December 2020

To measure the resistance of a ship in a towing tank, the target speed of the ship model is achieved by towing the model from the rest at a given acceleration imposed by the carriage. The fluctuations in resistance are generated because of the impulse effects during rapid acceleration. Such acceleration effects in deep water have been studied by previous works [1–3]. In shallow water, the unsteady effects are expected to be stronger, making the fluctuating resistance persisting longer. In order to predict the unsteady waves and to estimate the unsteady oscillating components in the wave resistance, a numerical method based on 3D unsteady potential-flow theory was developed. An implicit finite-difference algorithm coupled with an iterative boundary integral-equation solution procedure was used to deal with the unsteady linear and nonlinear free-surface condition. The results showed that both the acceleration intensity and water depth have a significant effect on the oscillation amplitude of the unsteady wave resistance as well as other force components. Findings of these computations and comparative evaluation of experimental observation are made where relevant. The findings in the present work can be applied to provide guidance for using the appropriate settings, e.g., magnitude and duration of carriage acceleration, when conducting ship-model resistance tests.
Nonlinear Laser-Like Ocean Waves Radiation Orthogonal to the Wind
Authors: Pushkarev Andrei , Zakharov Vladimir
Published: December 2020

We study deep water ocean wind-driven waves in strait, with wind directed orthogonally to the shore, through exact Hassel-mann equation. The strait has “dissipative” shores, there is no any reflection from the coast lines. We show that the wave turbulence evolution can be split in time into two different regimes. During the first regime, the waves propagate along the wind, and the wind-driven sea can be described by the self-similar solutions of Hasselmann equation. The second regime starts later in time, after significant enough wave energy accumulation at the down-wind boundary. Since this moment the ensemble of waves propagating against the wind starts its formation. Also, orthogonal to the wind waves, propagating along the strait, start to appear. The wave system eventually reaches asymptotic stationary state in time, consisting of two co-existing states: the first, self-similar wave ensemble, propagating with the wind, and the second – quasi-monochromatic waves, propagating almost orthogonally to the wind direction, and tending to slant against the wind at the angle of 15° closer to the wave turbulence origination shore line. Those “secondary waves” appear only due to intensive nonlinear wave-wave interaction. The total wave energy exceeds its “expected value” approximately by the factor of two, with respect to estimated in the absence of the shores. It is expected that in the reflective shores presence this amplification will grow essentially. We propose to call this “secondary” laser-like Nonlinear Ocean Waves Amplification mechanism by the acronym NOWA.
Crack Arresting With Crack Deflecting Holes in Steel Plates
Authors: Atteya Mostafa , Mikkelsen Ove , G. Pavlou Dimitrios , Ersdal Gerhard
Published: December 2020

Experimental and numerical studies of the effect of crack deflecting holes in steel plates under high cycle fatigue are presented in this paper. The experimental studies show that with the careful location of the holes, crack propagation can be arrested. A numerical model is provided and validated against the experimental work. The numerically predicted crack propagation direction and crack growth rate were in good agreement with the crack propagation obtained in the experimental work.
Implementation of the ATLAS-SUSY-2018-32 analysis (sleptons and electroweakinos with two leptons and missing transverse energy; 139 fb−1)
Authors: Araz Jack Y. , Fuks Benjamin
Published: December 2020

We present the implementation in MadAnalysis 5 of the ATLAS-SUSY-2018-32 search for new physics and document the validation of this re-implementation. This analysis targets, with 139 fb[Formula: see text] of proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector, the electroweak pair production of supersymmetric charginos and sleptons when they further decay into a final state comprising a pair of leptons and missing energy. The validation of our work is based on three [Formula: see text]-parity conserving supersymmetric benchmark setups that feature, respectively, chargino pair-production followed by decays into leptons via an intermediate weak boson, chargino pair-production followed by chargino cascade decays into leptons through a slepton mediator, and slepton pair-production followed by slepton direct decays into leptons.
Characteristic temperatures of a triplon system of dimerized quantum magnets
Authors: Rakhimov Abdulla , Nishonov Mukhtorali , Rani Luxmi , Tanatar Bilal
Published: December 2020

Exploiting the analogy between ultracold atomic gases and the system of triplons, we study magneto-thermodynamic properties of dimerized quantum magnets in the framework of Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC). Particularly, introducing the inversion (or Joule–Thomson) temperature [Formula: see text] as the point where Joule–Thomson coefficient of an isenthalpic process changes its sign, we show that for a simple paramagnet, this temperature is infinite, while for three-dimensional (3D) dimerized quantum magnets it is finite and always larger than the critical temperature [Formula: see text] of BEC. Below the inversion temperature [Formula: see text], the system of triplons may be in a liquid phase, which undergoes a transition into a superfluid phase at [Formula: see text]. The dependence of the inversion temperature on the external magnetic field [Formula: see text] has been calculated for quantum magnets of TlCuCl3 and Sr3Cr2O8.
Fixed points of order-preserving transformations
Authors: Laradji A.
Published: December 2020

Let [Formula: see text] be the semigroup of order-preserving partial transformations on an [Formula: see text]-chain. We establish several results for the number [Formula: see text] of elements of [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] fixed points, including recurrence relations and generating functions. We also prove that the probability that, for large [Formula: see text], a randomly chosen map in [Formula: see text] has exactly [Formula: see text] fixed points is asymptotically [Formula: see text].
Uncovering a 5000 Year Old Aubrey Solar Calendar at Stonehenge
Authors: Ow Ah Kit , Chan Aik Hui
Published: December 2020

This article explores a possible purpose and origin of the Aubrey holes. After setting the framework for the Solar calendar, we uncover a new Solar Rectangle and elucidate the mystery of the 56 holes in the Aubrey circle. The Azimuths of sunrises and sunsets of this Solar Calendar at Stonehenge in ancient times were compared with the Azimuths obtained from the Calculator of Keisan and the SkEye Astronomy Software. Finally, we establish that a Solar calendar was the original purpose for which the Aubrey Circle of holes was constructed.
Smart Farming: An Enhanced Pursuit of Sustainable Remote Livestock Tracking and Geofencing Using IoT and GPRS
Authors: Ilyas Qazi Mudassar , Ahmad Muneer
Published: December 2020

The farmers of agricultural farms manage and monitor different types of livestock. The manual inspection and monitoring of livestock are tedious since the cattle do not stay at fixed locations. Fencing many cattle requires a considerable cost and involves farmers’ physical intervention to keep an eye to stop them from crossing beyond the access points. Visual tracking of livestock and fencing is a time-consuming and challenging job. This research proposes a smart solution for livestock tracking and geofencing using state-of-the-art IoT technology. The study creates a geographical safe zone for cattle based on IoT and GPRS, where the cattle are assigned dedicated IoT sensors. The cattle can be easily remotely monitored and controlled without having any need for farmers to intervene for livestock management physically. The smart system collects the data regarding the location, well-being, and health of the livestock. This kind of livestock management may help prevent the spread of COVID-19, lower the farming costs, and enable remote monitoring.
Double-Hit Primary Plasma Cell Leukemia with IGH/MYC and IGH/CCND1 Translocations
Authors: Yasumi Masato , Endo Takaya , Sata Hiroshi , Karasuno Takahiro
Published: December 2020

Primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) is an aggressive variant of multiple myeloma (MM). Immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) translocations are found in a majority of pPCL cases, supporting a central relation to pathogenesis of pPCL. However, two independent IgH translocations are barely detected at the onset of pPCL, and their significance is yet to be elucidated. Here, we report a case of an aggressive pPCL with simultaneous IGH/MYC and IGH/CCND1 translocations. A 73-year-old man was referred to our hospital with back pain and diagnosed as having pPCL with more than 50% circulating plasma cells. Cytogenetic analysis revealed 47, Y, t (X; 8;14) (q24; q24; q32), t (11; 14) (q13; q32), and +18. IGH/MYC and IGH/CCND1 translocations were confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. Bortezomib and dexamethasone treatment achieved rapid elimination of peripheral malignant plasma cells, and the patient maintained a partial response for 18 months. After biological relapse, he received salvage therapy with ixazomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone, followed by pomalidomide and dexamethasone, and exhibited stable disease for an additional 14 months. Although IGH/MYC translocation in association with dysregulation of antiapoptotic pathway leads to worse prognosis in lymphomas, the novel agent-based regimen showed good efficacy, suggesting that IGH/MYC plays a different role in the pathogenesis of MM. IGH/CCND1 and IGH/MYC translocations may have contributed to abrupt onset of pPCL in this case.
Conceptual Framework and Designing for a Seafarers’ Health Observatory (SHO) Based on the Centro Internazionale Radio Medico (C.I.R.M.) Data Repository
Authors: Battineni Gopi , Sagaro Getu Gamo , Chintalapudi Nalini , Amenta Francesco
Published: December 2020

Background. Health observatory (HO) models are helpful in gathering, analyzing, interpreting, and circulating reliable and quality information on population health and health service delivery. In this study, we proposed an HO conceptual model to enhance seafarer’s health, which subjects to disease trends. Methods. Three methods were followed during the study: a systematic collection of seafarer’s health data from the Centro Internazionale Radio Medico (C.I.R.M.) repository, an integrative review of existing seafarer’s policy, and both open and closed questionnaires were distributed to stakeholders to develop clinical knowledge. C.I.R.M. is the Italian Telemedical Maritime Assistance Service (TMAS). Results and Discussion. A three-layer HO framework was developed, and each layer had its components and functionalities. The proposed HO model integrated with the outcomes of the mentioned methods was working as the origin of the framework. In this way, we can design a standard infrastructure in ships and risk assessment conduction.
Anti-Early Stage of Bacterial Recolonization Effect of Curcuma longa Extract as Photodynamic Adjunctive Treatment
Authors: Hormdee Doosadee , Rinsathorn Weena , Puasiri Subin , Jitprasertwong Paiboon
Published: December 2020

Objective. To evaluate the amount of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) and Prevotella intermedia (P. intermedia) on subgingival recolonized plaque after mechanical debridement and photodynamic treatment by using blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in combination with topical Curcuma longa gel extract. Methods. A total of 12 subjects with stage III grade B periodontitis were recruited for the study. Maxillary posterior teeth with periodontal pocket >4 mm were selected. These teeth were examined for periodontal clinical data at baseline and at 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks after treatment. All remaining teeth were treated by scaling and root planing (SRP). Then, the teeth were bilaterally divided using randomized split-mouth design with and without photodynamic adjunctive therapy (PDT). Samples of the subgingival microbiota were obtained in each visit. All samples were analyzed by multicolor TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of target bacteria. Results. Throughout the six-week follow-up, long-term improvement of probing depth and bleeding on probing was revealed on the PDT group. The number of subgingival F. nucleatum and P. intermedia also significantly reduced, compared to the baseline. There was a statistically significant recolonization in F. nucleatum and P. intermedia number after 2 and 4 weeks of conventional SRP, respectively. Our quantitative PCR method showed no significant recolonization of those subgingival bacteria on PDT sites throughout the 6-week study duration. Conclusion. The results showed that adjunctive photodynamic treatment by using blue LEDs in combination with topical Curcuma longa gel extract was effective to alter the recolonization patterns of F. nucleatum and P. intermedia after conventional debridement.
Evaluation of the Morphology of Ganglion Cell Complex and Functional Outcomes after Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling with Macular Abrasion in Idiopathic Macular Hole
Authors: Imburgia Aurelio , Date Purva , Mularoni Alessandro , Cavallini Gian Maria , Mastropasqua Rodolfo , Forlini Matteo
Published: December 2020

Aim. This study aims to evaluate the morphology of ganglion cell complex (GCC) along with functional outcomes in patients undergoing vitrectomy with ILM peeling and macular abrasion with Tano diamond dusted membrane scrapers (DDMS) for three different stages of the idiopathic macular hole (IMH). Methods. This retrospective study was conducted between April 2019 and December 2019. 33 patients with IMH were included and divided into three groups: stage I, stage II, and stage IV. All patients were subjected to vitrectomy with ILM peeling. Gentle and vigorous macular abrasion was additionally performed for stage II and stage IV patients, respectively. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), GCC thickness (measured by spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT)), and photopic contrast sensitivity (Rodenstock CV 900 Chart Panel) were determined before surgery and at 1- and 3-month follow-ups. Results. Closure of MH was achieved in all the patients. The difference between the preoperative and one- and three-month postoperative values of BCVA was statistically significant in the three groups (

P
<
0.01

). Contrast sensitivity progressively improved in all patients and was statistically significant (

P
<
0.01

). The reduction in GCC thickness during follow-up was 34%–42% of the preoperative measurements. On comparing the mean GCC thickness of the operated and healthy eyes, it was not statistically significant in stage I patients. However, the same when done in stage II and IV was statistically significant with

P

value < 0.05 and

P
<
0.01

, respectively. Conclusion. Combining ILM peeling with macular abrasion in advanced stages of MH may facilitate its closure without significantly affecting the functional outcome.
Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Generation Using Structural and Thermal Modeling in the Thrust Belt of Kuqa Foreland Basin, NW China
Authors: Lyu Chengfu , Wang Xixin , Lu Xuesong , Zhou Qianshan , Zhang Ying , Sun Zhaotong , Xiao Liming , Liu Xin
Published: December 2020

The Kuqa Basin is a typical foreland basin in northwest China, characterized by compressive foreland fold-and-thrust belts and a regionally distributed huge salt layer. A large number of overthrust faults, fault-related folds, and salt-related structures are formed on the thrust belt due to strong compression and structural deformation, causing difficulty in simulation of the basin. In this study, modeling of the thermal history of the complicated compressional structural profiles in the Kuqa foreland basin was successfully conducted based on the advanced “Block” function introduced by the IES PetroMod software and the latest geological interpretation results. In contrast to methods used in previous studies, our method comprehensively evaluates the influence of overthrusting, a large thick salt layer with low thermal conductivity, fast deposition, or denudation on the thermal evolution history. The results demonstrate that the hydrocarbon generation center of the Kuqa foreland basin is in the deep layers of the Kelasu thrust belt and not in the Baicheng Sag center, which is buried the deepest. A surprising result was drawn about the center of hydrocarbon generation in the Kuqa foreland basin, which, although not the deepest in Baicheng Sag, is the deepest part of the Kelasu thrust Belt. In terms of the maturity of the source rock, there are obvious temporal and spatial differences between the different structural belts in the Kuqa foreland basin, such as the early maturation of source rocks and the curbing of uplift and hydrocarbon generation in the piedmont zone. In the Kelasu thrust belt, the source rock made an early development into the low mature-mature stage and subsequently rapidly grew into a high-over mature stage. In contrast, the source rock was immature at an early stage and subsequently grew into a low mature-mature stage in the Baicheng Sag–South slope belt. The time sequence of the thermal evolution of source rocks and structural trap formation and their matching determines the different accumulation processes and oil and gas compositions in the different structural belts of the Kuqa foreland basin. The matching of the multistage tectonic activity and hydrocarbon generation determines the characteristics of the multistage oil and gas accumulation, with the late accumulation being dominant. The effective stacking of the gas generation center, subsalt structural traps, reservoir facies of fine quality, and huge, thick salt caprocks creates uniquely favorable geological conditions for gas enrichment in the Kelasu foreland thrust belt.
Análise da Qualidade do Serviço: um estudo entre a percepção do cliente e do guia em roteiros regionais do SESC - Santa Catarina, Brasil
Authors: Soares Maria Helena Alemany , Santiago de Melo Filho Marcos Estevão , Ardigó Carlos Marcelo
Published: December 2020

Resumo: Para atender a demanda da atividade turística e garantir a excelência no serviço, o mercado de trabalho tem exigido uma mão de obra qualificada e inovadora. Tendo em vista essa necessidade, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a qualidade percebida pelos clientes em relação aos serviços prestados pelos guias de turismo, em roteiros regionais do SESC – SC por meio do modelo SERVPERF (Cronin & Taylor, 1992). Questionários foram aplicados a clientes e guias de turismo, resultando em uma amostragem de 180 casos com o primeiro grupo e de 09 casos com o segundo. O delineamento metodológico da pesquisa se caracteriza como científico, de abordagem quantitativa, de natureza aplicada e descritiva. Os procedimentos técnicos utilizados foram a pesquisa bibliográfica, seguida de um survey. Por meio de análise estatística foi possível verificar que a prestação do serviço oferecido por este profissional, apresenta qualidade de serviço satisfatória, assim como a percepção de cliente e guia são relativamente semelhantes.Palavras chave: Turismo, Guia de Turismo, Qualidade de serviço, Satisfação dos clientes.
Políticas Públicas de Turismo: uma análise crítica dos planos nacionais de turismo do Brasil (2003- 2022)
Authors: Vilela Graziele Júnia Pereira , Costa Helena Araujo
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar uma análise crítica dos planos nacionais de turismo (PNT) em suas quatro versões, que cobrem o período de 2003 a 2022. Assim, o artigo propõe uma visão sistemática acerca de cinco categorias de análise: diagnóstico, objetivos, conjunto de intervenções, continuidade e inovação. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa documental-bibliográfica baseada na consulta aos planos nacionais publicados com uso de análise de conteúdo. Entre os principais resultados observados, destacam-se: falta encadeamento claro entre diagnóstico, objetivos e metas; ausência de padronização na definição dos indicadores e a dificuldade em observar sua evolução; a necessidade de melhor delimitação do escopo de atuação; a ausência de reflexão sobre a execução das intervenções propostas nos planos anteriores e de absorção limitada da inovação nos planos nacionais de turismo brasileiros.
Fatores associados para potenciais interações medicamentosas clinicamente significantes em terapia intensiva adulto
Authors: Moraes Juliano Teixeira , Maia Juliana Moreira , Trindade Olívia Maria , Oliveira Luiz Alberto , Sanches Cristina , Trevisan Danilo Donizetti
Published: December 2020

Modelo do estudo: Estudo transversal. Objetivo: caracterizar as interações medicamentosas potenciais (IMp) maiores e contraindicadas em terapia intensiva adulto e determinar sua prevalência, medicamentos e fatores associados à exposição dessas interações. Métodos: a amostra foi composta por 309 pacientes internados em uma unidade de terapia intensiva adulto de um hospital da Região Centro-Oeste de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os dados demográficos-clínicos e perfil medicamentoso foram coletados, prospectivamente. As IMp foram caracterizadas pela base Micromedex 2.0 quanto à gravidade, prevalência e implicação clínica. Realizaram-se análises descritivas para as variáveis qualitativas e contínuas. Modelos Lineares Generalizados com distribuição Gama e Poisson foram utilizados para avaliar a relação entre um conjunto de variáveis independentes e a prevalência de IMp maiores e contraindicadas (p<0.05). Resultados: Um total de 81,8% (n=251) foi exposto a, no mínimo, uma IMp maior ou contraindicada. Mais de um terço (37,4%) destes participantes foram expostos a seis ou mais IMp. Medicamentos com ação no sistema nervoso colaboraram para maior probabilidade de IMp maiores e/ou contraindicadas. Pessoas idosas (p=0,006), do sexo masculino (p=0,028) e polimedicadas (<0,001) tiveram maior probabilidade de serem expostas ao menos a uma IMp maior ou contraindicada. Conclusão: Interações medicamentosas potenciais maiores e contraindicadas apresentaram alta frequência. Pessoas idosas, do sexo masculino e polimedicadas foram mais expostas às IMp maiores e/ou contraindicadas. É importante que profissionais da saúde conheçam os riscos e potenciais eventos adversos relacionados às IMp maiores e contraindicadas, para que sejam implementadas medidas para promoção da segurança do paciente.
Tendência temporal da hanseníase em uma região de saúde do Ceará, 2001 a 2015
Authors: Feitosa Amanda Luiza Marinho , Dourado Júnior Francisco Wellington , Florêncio Caroline Mary Gurgel Dias
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Descrever a tendência temporal da hanseníase e seus indicadores epidemiológicos em uma região de saúde do estado do Ceará, no período de 2001 a 2015. Métodos: Estudo ecológico de base temporal, realizado a partir de dados obtidos pelo Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), referentes aos casos novos de hanseníase registrados durante o período de 2001 a 2015. Os dados foram analisados a partir do modelo de regressão por pontos de inflexão (Joinpoint). Resultados: Dos 1.151 casos notificados no período, verificou-se redução do coeficiente de detecção geral e em menores de 15 anos. Em relação à proporção de casos com grau 2 de incapacidade física, identificou-se uma tendência de aumento significativo (APC = 9,04; IC95% 1,0–17,8), assim como nos casos multibacilares (APC = 2,89; IC95% 0,3-5,5). Conclusão: Concluiu-se que há aumento no número de casos multibacilares e com grau 2 de incapacidade física, tornando-se necessário o fortalecimento das medidas de vigilância e controle da doença na região.
Terapias aplicadas no tratamento das lesões por queimaduras de terceiro grau e extensão variável: revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Andréia Vieira , Tavares Denise Sousa , Tavares Pedro Anderson Miranda , Santos Carina Oliveira
Published: December 2020

Lesões por queimaduras se apresentam como simples ou graves de acordo com sua profundidade, extensão e localização. Diversas terapias são lançadas no mercado, devendo prover um ambiente úmido, amplo aspecto antimicrobiano e serem efetivas, mesmo na presença de grande quantidade de exsudato, visando os benefícios que trarão para o processo de cicatrização. Neste sentido, este estudo objetivou revisar a literatura acerca da caracterização clínica e terapias aplicadas no tratamento das queimaduras de terceiro grau e de extensão variável. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados LILACS, BDENF e SciELO. Foram selecionados 17 artigos e os resultados apontaram que os curativos a base de prata são os mais utilizados, dentre eles, sulfadiazina de prata, prata nanocristalina e espuma absorvente. Para casos particulares mais complexos, a matriz de regeneração dérmica assume-se como uma alternativa eficaz e segura. A utilização da terapia por pressão negativa no tratamento da contratura cicatricial, muito presente nas lesões de terceiro grau, agrega como vantagem o fato de o paciente não precisar ficar imobilizado e imóvel após as cirurgias. Dentre as terapias inovadoras no tratamento de queimaduras, evidenciou-se o uso de enxerto da pele de tilápia, que foi citado por um estudo como um possível subproduto com alta aplicabilidade clínica. Ao longo do estudo foi possível concluir que os pacientes necessitam de uma assistência adequada desde os cuidados imediatos até o fim da reabilitação. Com o passar dos anos, inovações terapêuticas vêm sendo estudadas para serem implantadas no tratamento ao paciente queimado, entre elas a substituição de pele vem ganhando espaço pelos resultados positivos.
Trinta anos da criação do Centro de Apoio Educacional e Psicológico da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - contexto histórico e realizações dos primeiros tempos
Authors: Rodrigues Maria de Lourdes Veronese , Souza Josimara Magro Fernandez de , Stasio Marcia Baumann di , Colares Maria de Fátima Aveiro , Cianflone Ana Raquel Lucato
Published: December 2020

O artigo tem por objetivo historiar o contexto da criação e o desenvolvimento do Centro de Apoio Educacional e Psicológico (CAEP) da FMRP-USP em seus anos iniciais. São destacados aspectos estruturais, como: constituição da Equipe Técnica, Apoio administrativo e Grupo de Consultores; infraestrutura e relações institucionais do CAEP com colegiados e a Administração da Unidade. Também é descrito o contexto da elaboração do Regimento Interno do CAEP, com ênfase na apresentação dos princípios que nortearam as atividades desenvolvidas por este Centro.
Parâmetros de densidade de falhas e bandas de deformação em rochas siliciclásticas pouco consolidadas da Formação Resende, Eoceno, Bacia de Volta Redonda, estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Fiuza Bernardo Oliveira , Mello Claudio Limeira , Ribeiro Carolina da Silva
Published: December 2020

O presente estudo propôs-se a analisar parâmetros de densidade de falhas e bandas de deformação em rochas siliciclásticas da Formação Resende, tomadas como geomaterial análogo a reservatórios areníticos pouco consolidados e fraturados. O estudo foi iniciado pela confecção de uma seção geológico-estrutural (escala 1:50) de um afloramento na Bacia de Volta Redonda. Essa etapa foi realizada com o auxílio de uma malha 2 × 2 m fixada sobre o afloramento. Baseado na seção geológico-estrutural, foi confeccionado um mapa de densidade de estruturas. Posteriormente, foram realizados levantamentos de parâmetros de densidade das estruturas de deformação por meio dos métodos de scanlines lineares e de amostragem em janela retangular. O afloramento é constituído de camadas lenticulares de arenitos e conglomerados estratificados, intercaladas a camadas tabulares e lenticulares de lutitos maciços, com espessuras decimétricas, havendo ainda intervalos de brechas intraformacionais. Duas falhas principais (F1 e F2) foram reconhecidas, de caráter normal, com orientação NE-SW e mergulhos para sentidos opostos, formando um gráben. Associadas a essas falhas encontram-se zonas de elevada concentração de bandas de deformação e falhas sintéticas e antitéticas. Os parâmetros de densidade revelaram um controle litológico na distribuição das estruturas. Os maiores valores de densidade são encontrados nos arenitos médios a grossos, enquanto os menores valores estão associados aos litotipos ricos em argila, como os lutitos, os arenitos lamosos e as brechas intraformacionais. Os parâmetros de densidade mostraram maior deformação do bloco abatido (gráben), associada a uma densidade de estruturas mais contínua nessa região.
Som, matéria e memória
Authors: Molina David Gomiero
Published: December 2020

O artigo comenta alguns aspectos da tradução para o português de Petersburgo, do escritor simbolista Andrei Biéli – um dos principais romances da literatura russa no século XX –, realizada pelo autor para a Editora 34 (no prelo). Entre os desafios enfrentados pela tradução (baseada na edição de 1916), o texto destaca: 1) a escrita “musical” do autor, que remete aos desenvolvimentos motívico-temáticos; 2) questões atinentes à estrutura morfológica da língua russa; 3) o uso de marcadores dêiticos em focalizações narratológicas; 4) trocadilhos; e 5) a escrita fonética, trazendo discussões acerca da adequação de diferentes critérios e soluções.
İNOVASYON VE EKONOMİK KALKINMA İLİŞKİSİ: ÜST-ORTA GELİRLİ ÜLKELER ÜZERİNE PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ
Authors: ÖZER Büşra , ÜNLÜ Fatma
Published: December 2020

İnovasyon, ekonomik büyümenin tetikleyicisi ve ekonomik kalkınmanın itici bir gücü olmasıyla birlikte, orta ve uzun vadede ülkelerin rekabetçi yapılarını korumaları ve sürdürebilmelerini sağlayan önemli bir unsur olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Ülkelerin inovasyon faaliyetlerine hız vermesi sosyal refah açısından bir ihtiyaçtır. Bu bağlamda, ekonomik kalkınma ve ekonomik büyüme olguları inovasyonla daha da önemli bir hal almıştır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmanın amacı; üst-orta gelirli ülkelerde inovasyon ve ekonomik kalkınma arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymaktır. Bu amacı gerçekleştirmek için, 2000-2017 dönemine ait veriler kullanılarak seçilmiş 24 üst orta gelirli ülkeler üzerinde inovasyon ve ekonomik kalkınma ilişkisi panel eşbütünleşme testleri ve panel FMOLS ve DOLS katsayı tahmin yöntemleri ile incelenmiştir. Çalışmada değişken olarak, insani kalkınma endeksi, Ar-Ge harcamaları, yerleşik patent başvuruları, bilimsel araştırma ve teknik makale sayısı ile bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri hizmet ihracatı kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, inovasyonun ekonomik kalkınma üzerinde pozitif bir etkisinin olduğunu göstermektedir.
The Case for the Constitutionalisation of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ESCRs) in Botswana
Authors: Botlhale Emmanuel
Published: December 2020

This paper argues that there is no hierarchy in the importance attached to the different categories of human rights. Hence, Civil and Political Rights (CPRs) and Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ESCRs) are both human rights and must be placed on the same pedestal. In a democracy, it is imperative that all rights be accorded equal treatment. The aim of this paper is to investigate whether Botswana accords equal treatment to the two categories of human rights. Using a case study approach, the paper concludes that while the Constitution of Botswana provides for CPRs, ESCRs are absent from this instrument. Consequently, the provision of economic, social, and cultural goods is policy-based. The paper argues that this raises accountability and justiciability challenges because the state cannot be sanctioned for failing to provide non-rights. It recommends the constitutionalisation of ESCRs to maximise the accountability and justiciability of ESCRs.
A Framework for Defining Scientific Concepts in Science Education
Authors: Wong Chee Leong , Chu Hye-Eun , Yap Kueh Chin
Published: December 2020

Studies have shown that inadequate definitions of scientific concepts could complicate the learning of science and could prevent students from understanding the definitions of scientific concepts. The article provides a framework for defining scientific concepts in primary, secondary, and university education by proposing teachers draw attention to five common features of a definition: object/system, nature/characteristics, cause/effect, mathematical expression/equation, and condition/ reference frame that can help students to consider four dimensions, including, ‘comprehensiveness,’ ‘precision,’ ‘consistency,’ and ‘circularity’ when learning science concepts. This framework can be used by science teachers to guide students to analyze and redefine scientific concepts in the classroom and may be especially beneficial for students in Asian countries where teachers and students often rely on rote memorization as a strategy for learning scientific concepts. We conclude by describing the need for future studies in educational contexts in Asian countries where pedagogical strategies have traditionally emphasized memorization of science concepts.
Efficacy of a Nasogastric Tube Educational Intervention for Nursing Staff
Authors: Kaltenmeier Christof , Littleton Elizabeth , Carozza Lisa , Kosko Risa , Althans Alison , Lawrence Barbara , Hamad Giselle
Published: December 2020

Aim

We performed a single-center teaching intervention with nursing providers on nasogastric tube (NG tube) clinical practice. The initial purpose of this study was the validation of whether the training was sufficient enough to be retained at a later time point.

Methods

We performed a prospective pre-post study examining participants’ knowledge before, immediately after, and 4 weeks after training in NG tube management. Training was delivered in face-to-face classroom sessions. Knowledge was assessed using a multiple-choice test (pretest, posttest #1and #2)

Results

A total of 137 nursing providers participated in the training intervention. Immediately after training (posttest #1) and again 4 weeks later (posttest #2), participants overwhelmingly recalled and retained the knowledge of NG tube management as compared to pretest results. Paired t-tests showed each participant increased their test score from pretest to posttest #1, t (134) = 12.64, P = .0001. Similarly, participants who took posttest #2 significantly improved their scores from the pretest to posttest #2, t (71) = 10.629, P < .0001. Secondary analysis showed that the NG tube management comfort level and age of provider were not significant in predicting test results. However, years of professional experience and frequency of NG tube care were significant predictors for higher test scores.

Conclusion

To minimize the risk of NG tubes for patients, it is critical to follow clinical guidelines. This study shows that teaching interventions for providers to increase knowledge on NG tubes are beneficial. In addition, the knowledge is retained at later time points.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia increases the pool of peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells and skews differentiation
Authors: Santoro Antonella , Andrei Camelia , Bryant Clare , Calderbank Emily , Wray Alison , Baxter Joanna E. , Godfrey Anna , Laurenti Elisa , Ringshausen Ingo
Published: December 2020

Key Points

CLL increases the pool of ST-HSCs in the peripheral blood. Differentiation of CLL-derived peripheral blood HSPCs is skewed toward the myeloid lineage.
Converting habits of antibiotic use for respiratory tract infections in German primary care (CHANGE-3) - process evaluation of a complex intervention
Authors: Poß-Doering R. , Kuehn L. , Kamradt M. , Glassen K. , Fleischhauer Th. , Kaufmann-Kolle P. , Koeppen M. , Wollny A. , Altiner A. , Wensing M.
Published: December 2020

Background

Antimicrobial resistance remains a global challenge. In Germany, the national health agenda supports measures that enhance the appropriate, guideline-oriented use of antibiotics. The study “Converting Habits of Antibiotic Use for Respiratory Tract Infections in German Primary Care (CHANGE-3)” aimed at a sustainable reduction of antimicrobial resistance through converting patterns of prescribing practice and use of antibiotics and an increase in health literacy in primary care patients, practice teams, and in the general public. Embedded in a cluster-randomized trial of a multifaceted implementation program, a process evaluation focused on the uptake of program components to assess the fidelity of the implementation program in the CHANGE-3 study and to understand utilization of its educational components.

Methods

A mix of qualitative and quantitative methods was used. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with General Practitioners, Medical Assistants, patients treated for respiratory tract infection and outreach visitors who had carried out individual outreach visits. A two-wave written survey (T1: 5 months after start, T2: 16 months after start) was conducted in general practitioners and medical assistants. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic framework analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze survey data.

Results

Uptake of intervention components was heterogenous. Across all components, the uptake reported by General Practitioners varied from 20 to 88% at T1 and 31 to 63% at T2. Medical Assistants reported uptake from 22 to 70% at T1 and 6 to 69% at T2. Paper-based components could by and large be integrated in daily practice (64 to 90% in T1; 41 to 93% in T2), but uptake of digital components was low. A one-time outreach visit provided thematic information and feedback regarding actual prescribing, but due to time constraints were received with reluctance by practice teams. Patients were largely unaware of program components, but assumed that information and education could promote health literacy regarding antibiotics use.

Conclusions

The process evaluation contributed to understanding the applicability of the delivered educational components with regards to the appropriate use of antibiotics. Future research efforts need to identify the best mode of delivery to reach the targeted population.

Trial registration

ISRCTN, ISRCTN15061174. Registered 13 July 2018 – Retrospectively registered
Prevalence and correlates of fatigue and its association with quality of life among clinically stable older psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 outbreak: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zou Siyun , Liu Zi-Han , Yan Xiaona , Wang Huan , Li Yulong , Xu Xiuying , Du Xiangdong , Zhang Lan , Zhang Qinge , Jackson Todd , Ungvari Gabor S. , Xiang Yu-Tao
Published: December 2020

Background

The pattern of fatigue in older psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 outbreak was unknown. This study examined the prevalence of fatigue and its association with overall quality of life (overall QOL) in clinically stable older patients with psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Methods

This was a multicenter, cross-sectional study. Fatigue, depressive symptoms, pain, insomnia symptoms, and overall QOL were assessed with standardized instruments.

Results

A total of 1063 patients were recruited. The prevalence of fatigue was 47.1% (95%CI: 44.1–50.1%). An analysis of covariance revealed that overall QOL was significantly lower in patients with fatigue compared to those without (P = 0.011). A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that more severe depressive symptoms (OR = 1.15, P < 0.001), insomnia symptoms (OR = 1.08, P < 0.001) and pain (OR = 1.43, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with fatigue.

Conclusions

Fatigue is common among clinically stable older patients with psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 outbreak. Considering its negative impact on overall QOL, regular assessment of fatigue and appropriate treatment warrant attention in this subpopulation.
Wound Healing-related Functions of the p160 Steroid Receptor Coactivator Family
Authors: Mullany Lisa K , Lonard David M , O’Malley Bert W
Published: December 2020

Multicellular organisms have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to recover and maintain original tissue functions following injury. Injury responses require a robust transcriptomic response associated with cellular reprogramming involving complex gene expression programs critical for effective tissue repair following injury. Steroid receptor coactivators (SRCs) are master transcriptional regulators of cell–cell signaling that is integral for embryogenesis, reproduction, normal physiological function, and tissue repair following injury. Effective therapeutic approaches for facilitating improved tissue regeneration and repair will likely involve temporal and combinatorial manipulation of cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors. Pleiotropic actions of SRCs that are critical for wound healing range from immune regulation and angiogenesis to maintenance of metabolic regulation in diverse organ systems. Recent evidence derived from studies of model organisms during different developmental stages indicates the importance of the interplay of immune cells and stromal cells to wound healing. With SRCs being the master regulators of cell–cell signaling integral to physiologic changes necessary for wound repair, it is becoming clear that therapeutic targeting of SRCs provides a unique opportunity for drug development in wound healing. This review will provide an overview of wound healing–related functions of SRCs with a special focus on cellular and molecular interactions important for limiting tissue damage after injury. Finally, we review recent findings showing stimulation of SRCs following cardiac injury with the SRC small molecule stimulator MCB-613 can promote cardiac protection and inhibit pathologic remodeling after myocardial infarction.