bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La evolución de la legislación de la salud en Portugal y los nuevos desafíos para la gestión a partir de 2024
Authors: Pisco Luís Augusto Coelho , Silva Vera Pires da , Monteiro Baltazar Ricardo
Published: October 2024

Resumen En los últimos 40 años, el Servicio Nacional de Salud (SNS) ha generado beneficios en salud que han posicionado a Portugal en un lugar destacado en cuanto a la calidad de vida de millones de ciudadanos y ha reducido muchas de las desigualdades en la sociedad portuguesa. Revisitar la creación del Servicio Nacional de Salud Portugués y todos los profundos cambios legislativos introducidos tras la publicación de la nueva Ley de Bases de la Salud, la definición de los ejes estratégicos de la política de recursos humanos del SNS y la creación de los respectivos mecanismos de operacionalización, la aprobación del nuevo Estatuto del SNS y la aprobación de la Orgánica y de los Estatutos de la Dirección Ejecutiva del SNS y la creación, con naturaleza de entidades públicas empresariales, de las Unidades Locales de Salud. Estos cambios legislativos podrán ser un paso fundamental para el fortalecimiento de la construcción de un SNS más justo e inclusivo, que responda mejor a las necesidades de la población mediante las necesarias reformas estructurales.
El uso del Net Promoter Score para la evaluación de la Atención Primaria en Salud: encuestas de base poblacional
Authors: D’Avila Otávio Pereira , Perrone Luciana Rodrigues , Ribeiro Mauro Cardoso , Pinto Luiz Felipe
Published: October 2024

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio es presentar los resultados de satisfacción del paciente utilizando el Net Promoter Score (NPS). Se trata de un estudio transversal realizado con microdatos de la Encuesta Nacional Continua por Muestra de Hogares de 2022 y que corresponde al módulo de Atención Primaria de Salud en el que la muestra realizada fue de 48.068 tutores de niños menores de 13 años en todas las unidades de la federación. Las principales variables consideradas fueron el puntaje otorgado al servicio de salud en el último servicio en el período de 12 meses y el principal motivo de este puntaje. Cabe señalar que ninguna región del país logró un resultado definido como Zona de Calidad (entre 51 y 75), concentrándose en una categoría denominada Zona de Mejora (entre 1 y 50). El mejor desempeño se registró en la región Sur (+33) y los peores en las regiones Nordeste y Sudeste (+27). El NPS puede ser un aliado importante para evaluar rápidamente la experiencia del paciente en los servicios de atención primaria de salud en Brasil.
GeoCNES: healthcare mapping in Brazilian cities - a computational tool for improved decision-making
Authors: Assis Lucas Brandão Monteiro de , Moraes Francisco Roza de , Segantine Paulo Cesar Lima , Amado Miguel José das Neves Pires , Silva Irineu da
Published: October 2024

Abstract Ensuring equitable access to healthcare facilities is crucial for urban well-being, but geographical barriers often impede this access. This paper introduces GeoCNES, an open-source tool developed in Python to address this challenge. GeoCNES establishes a connection to the Brazilian national healthcare establishments register and the census data, to process and geocoding them to automatically generate an interactive map that display the distribution of healthcare facilities and a heat map of the same facilities in Brazilian municipalities. To do so the user must enter the municipality code and facility type, then GeoCNES retrieves, geolocates, and exhibit the information in interactive maps. This paper details the development process, functionalities, and limitations of GeoCNES, demonstrating its application in the Brazilian cities of São Carlos-SP, Rondonópolis-MT, Chapecó-SC, Parnamirim-RN and Parauapebas-PA. While challenges related to data inconsistency were encountered, GeoCNES successfully maps healthcare facilities, offering valuable insights for urban planning and promoting equitable access to healthcare.
GeoCNES: mapeo de la salud en ciudades de Brasil - una aplicación automatizada para ayudar en la toma de decisiones
Authors: Assis Lucas Brandão Monteiro de , Moraes Francisco Roza de , Segantine Paulo Cesar Lima , Amado Miguel José das Neves Pires , Silva Irineu da
Published: October 2024

Resumen Garantizar un acceso equitativo a las unidades de salud es crucial para el bienestar urbano, pero las barreras geográficas a menudo obstaculizan este acceso. Este artículo presenta GeoCNES, una herramienta de código abierto desarrollada en Python para abordar este desafío. GeoCNES se conecta al CNES y a los datos censales brasileños y aplica técnicas de geocodificación para generar automáticamente mapas interactivos que muestran la distribución de las unidades de salud y su concentración a través de mapas de calor en municipios brasileños. Los usuarios utilizan el código municipal y el tipo de unidad a analizar como parámetros, y GeoCNES recupera, geolocaliza y muestra los datos en mapas. Este artículo detalla el proceso de desarrollo, las funcionalidades y las limitaciones de GeoCNES, demostrando su aplicación en las ciudades de São Carlos-SP, Rondonópolis-MT, Chapecó-SC, Parnamirim-RN y Parauapebas-PA. Aunque se encontraron desafíos relacionados con la inconsistencia de datos, GeoCNES es capaz de mapear con éxito las unidades de salud de diferentes regiones del país y generar mapas con potencial para ayudar en la planificación urbana orientada a la equidad en la salud.
Revisão metodológica da tipologia urbano-rural no Censo Demográfico 2022
Authors: Souza André Lopes de , Damasco Fernando Souza , Medeiros Gabriel Bias Fortes Pereira da Silva , Garcia Romay Conde
Published: October 2024

Resumo O artigo trata da revisão metodológica de diferenciação de áreas e setores urbanos e rurais no Censo Demográfico de 2022. Como tal metodologia é resultado de um processo evolutivo de compreensão do território, envolvendo diferentes técnicas, instâncias e escalas, procurou-se, de modo sintético, resgatar a história dessa diferenciação no ordenamento territorial brasileiro, confrontando diferentes objetivos e bases conceituais, como fins estatísticos, gestão territorial e análises geográficas. Em seguida, apresenta-se o novo quadro conceitual da Base Territorial, construído, pela primeira vez, a partir do uso de imagens orbitais de alta resolução, e que amparado pelo trabalho de campo, aproximou o recorte censitário do espaço vivido e percebido pelas pessoas. Esse contexto confere caráter inovador à iniciativa, que norteará a divulgação de dados atualizados tanto para as situações urbana e rural quanto para aglomerados rurais, cidades e vilas, importante para a compreensão da concentração e dispersão da população no território nacional e os respectivos dos modos de vida.
Constructivist On-line Learning Environment Survey (COLLES): avaliação do ensino híbrido em Programas de Residência
Authors: Mueller Vanessa , Simas Keith Bullia da Fonseca , Berry Maria Cardoso de Castro , Alecio Gabriela da Silva Crespi , Balejo Rodrigo Dalla Pria , Figueira Desirée Ariane Modos , Costa Rogério Wanderley da , Torres Márcia Regina Cardoso
Published: October 2024

Resumo A pesquisa buscou avaliar a efetividade do ensino híbrido nos Programas de Residência Médica em Medicina de Família e Comunidade e Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde da Família da SESAU/Fiocruz. Foi realizado um estudo transversal e observacional, de abordagem mista, utilizando-se o Constructivist On-line Learning Environment Survey (COLLES) com os residentes matriculados, do primeiro e segundo ano, que realizaram atividades em um modelo de ensino híbrido proposto pelos Programas. Participaram da pesquisa 88 residentes, que revelaram alta concordância sobre a relevância dos Programas para suas práticas profissionais, apontando desafios importantes sobre o processo. A implementação do ensino híbrido destacou-se como estratégia inovadora e eficaz nos Programas de Residência, evidenciando uma conexão positiva entre teoria e prática. Apesar dos desafios na interatividade, os resultados sugerem a necessidade de estratégias para uma maior colaboração entre os residentes, otimizando a experiência de aprendizado. A utilização do ensino híbrido pode ser uma ferramenta promissora em Programas de Residência, contribuindo significativamente para o desenvolvimento da formação profissional.
Constructivist On-line Learning Environment Survey (COLLES): evaluación del aprendizaje híbrido en Programas de Residencia
Authors: Mueller Vanessa , Simas Keith Bullia da Fonseca , Berry Maria Cardoso de Castro , Alecio Gabriela da Silva Crespi , Balejo Rodrigo Dalla Pria , Figueira Desirée Ariane Modos , Costa Rogério Wanderley da , Torres Márcia Regina Cardoso
Published: October 2024

Resumen La investigación buscó evaluar la efectividad de la enseñanza híbrida en los Programas de Residencia de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria y Salud Familiar Multiprofesional del SESAU/Fiocruz. Se realizó un estudio transversal, observacional, de métodos mixtos, utilizando la Encuesta Constructivista de Entornos de Aprendizaje en Línea (COLLES, en inglés) con residentes inscritos en primer y segundo año que realizaron actividades en un modelo de enseñanza híbrida propuesto por los programas. Participaron en la investigación 88 residentes, quienes mostraron altos niveles de concordancia sobre la relevancia de los Programas para sus prácticas profesionales, señalando desafíos importantes sobre el proceso. La implementación de la docencia híbrida se destacó como una estrategia innovadora y eficaz en los Programas de Residencia, mostrando una conexión positiva entre teoría y práctica. A pesar de los desafíos en la interactividad, los resultados sugieren la necesidad de estrategias para una mayor colaboración entre los residentes, optimizando la experiencia de aprendizaje. El uso de la enseñanza híbrida puede ser una herramienta prometedora en los Programas de Residencia, contribuyendo significativamente al desarrollo de la formación profesional.
Amostra Mestra do Sistema Integrado de Pesquisas Domiciliares Nacional: revisão e discussão das propostas de atualização
Authors: Malaguti João Gabriel , Alves Paula
Published: October 2024

Resumo O uso de amostras mestras por institutos de pesquisa é largamente difundido internacionalmente. As amostras mestras permitem a otimização dos recursos envolvidos no planejamento e na execução das pesquisas, além de facilitar sua operacionalização. Além disso, seu uso também pode agregar qualidade às estimativas e às análises das informações. O Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) levou a cabo um projeto de reformulação de suas pesquisas domiciliares amostrais durante os anos 2000, em resposta a uma crescente demanda por informações socioeconômicas e demográficas de gestores, pesquisadores e usuários de dados em geral, e também como forma de driblar a limitação de recursos financeiros e humanos disponibilizados para a realização de pesquisas. Foi criado um novo sistema na década seguinte, cuja metodologia tem como pilar a utilização da amostra mestra, considerando aspectos de todas as pesquisas que integrariam o sistema. Este artigo tem por objetivo detalhar o que é uma amostra mestra e suas vantagens, apresentar brevemente o contexto brasileiro à época da implementação da amostra mestra e suas diferentes versões.
Master Sample of the National Integrated System for Household Surveys: review and discussion of update proposals
Authors: Malaguti João Gabriel , Alves Paula
Published: October 2024

Abstract The use of Master Samples by statistics institutes is widely disseminated internationally. Master samples enable the optimization of the resources involved in research planning and execution, in addition to facilitating their operationalization. In addition, their use can also add quality to the estimation and analysis of information. The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) carried out a project to reformulate its sample household surveys during the 2000s, in response to a growing demand for socioeconomic and demographic information from managers, researchers, and data users in general, and as a way to circumvent the limitation of financial and human resources available to conduct surveys. A new system was created in the following decade, whose methodology is based on the use of the Master Sample, which considered aspects of all surveys that would be part of the system. This article aims to detail what a master sample is and its advantages, briefly present the Brazilian context at the time of the implementation of the Master Sample, and present its different versions.
Trajectory of identifying people with disabilities in Brazil: an analysis of IBGE household surveys
Authors: Botelho Luanda Chaves , Lenzi Maíra Bonna
Published: October 2024

Abstract The present study aims to elucidate the main aspects of recent data production regarding people with disabilities in Brazil. In its first section, a documentary and a bibliographic search is employed to unveil the influence of debates surrounding conceptions of disability concerning statistical information surveys. Subsequently, parameters for the identification of individuals with disabilities are presented in the 2019 National Health Survey (NHS), the 2022 Continuous National Household Sample Survey (Continuous PNAD), and the 2022 Demographic Census. Although these surveys are conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and adhere to the recommendations of the Washington Group on Disability Statistics (WG), they employ distinct questionnaires, requiring careful attention from the users of this data. In the third section, sociodemographic indicators generated from the microdata of the 2019 NHS and the 2022 Continuous PNAD are analyzed in order to elucidate differences between them and contemplate the adoption of a cutoff point to define people with disabilities. It is observed that individuals with more severe difficulties are the ones facing greater challenges in accessing education and the labor market.
Evaluation of the longitudinality between users and residency programs in Family and Community Medicine in a region of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Bastos Érica Paiva de Barros , Pinto Luiz Felipe
Published: October 2024

Abstract Primary Health Care (PHC) in Brazil has become stronger in recent decades, thus increasing the demand for workers in the area. Using a cross-sectional design (n=492), this study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal tie of adult users and their relationship with the Family and Community Medicine Residency Program (Programa de Residência em Medicina de Família e Comunidade - PRMFC) in a region of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro from the perspective of adult users. To this end, we used the reduced version of the Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCATool) questionnaire, combined with the extended version of the “longitudinality” attribute. This study was conducted in two family clinics, one participating in the PRMFC for over 10 years and the other non-participatory. The overall PHC score for the entire study population was 5.63 [4.56; 5.80]. Comparatively, the performance in the family clinic with PRMFC was higher (6.32 [6.12; 6.53]) than that with no residency program (4.94 [4.70; 5. 19]). Regarding longitudinality, the former also obtained a higher score (7.02 [6.81; 7.23]) when compared to the latter (5.43 [5.17; 5.68]). The results of this study suggest to administrators that the PRMFC can be a useful tool for improving the quality of services through the qualification of Family Doctors and, thus, calls for investments in the area.
Cinco anos de reorganização na formação de médicos especialistas em Medicina Geral e Familiar na região de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo em Portugal
Authors: Shinn Cecília , Maio Inês , Marquês Marta , Dias Matilde Padrão , Gaspar Nelson Mota
Published: October 2024

Resumo O internato médico em Medicina Geral e Familiar transformou-se entre 1981 e 2010 de um internato hospitalar de três anos para um internato baseado nos Cuidados de Saúde Primários de quatro anos. Em 2015 e 2019 o programa foi revisto e introduziram-se novos métodos de avaliação. A Coordenação de Internato Médico de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo gere a formação de 850 médicos internos, e, perante o aumento no número de médicos internos e com as alterações no programa, organizou a sua metodologia de trabalho à volta de 4 focos de intervenção: 1) Equipas Regionais; 2) Comunicação e decisão; 3) Colaboração interinstitucional; 4) Organização da equipa central em 5 pilares - a capacidade formativa, a formação de médicos internos, a avaliação contínua, a formação de médicos orientadores e a avaliação final. Entre 2019 e 2023 foi possível capacitar as equipas regionais, melhorar os processos de tomada de decisão, uniformizar o internato médico, e, a nível central, reforçar a quantidade e qualidade de vagas, aumentar a formação para médicos internos e orientadores, criar equipas de avaliação contínua e contribuir significativamente para o processo de avaliação final a nível nacional.
Painéis de monitoramento de dados epidemiológicos como estratégia de gestão da vigilância e da atenção à saúde
Authors: Ferraz Vanessa Coelho de Aquino Benjoino , Ferezin Victor Vohryzek , Knoch Margarete , Durovni Betina , Saraceni Valéria , Lahdo Veruska , Santos Mara Lisiane de Moraes dos , De-Carli Alessandro Diogo
Published: October 2024

Resumo Os objetivos foram analisar o intervalo entre as datas de notificação e digitação de casos suspeitos de dengue e discorrer sobre as propriedades dos painéis de monitoramento de dados epidemiológicos. Pesquisa aplicada com análise quantitativa do tempo entre a notificação e digitação e método Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) para a construção dos painéis. Foi desenvolvido no Centro de Informações Estratégicas em Vigilância em Saúde de Campo Grande. Os resultados revelaram um período superior a sete dias em 93,33% dos casos. Os painéis de monitoramento analisados foram de Arboviroses, Síndromes Respiratórias, Atendimento e notificações quantitativo e qualitativo. Observou-se a integração dos dados, pois o consumo e a manipulação das informações são feitos no Power BI, com a consolidação de dois a quatro sistemas de informação de saúde. O estudo de contexto e sua relação temporal é cumprida em todos os painéis com indicadores epidemiológicos. Conclui-se a relevância da utilização de painéis epidemiológicos interativos para a tomada de decisão na gestão da vigilância e da atenção à saúde.
Implementation of the Family and Community Medicine and Multidisciplinary Family Health Residency programs of the Municipal Health Department of Campo Grande-MS, Brazil
Authors: Balejo Rodrigo Dalla Pria , Mueller Vanessa , Alécio Gabriela da Silva Crespi , Dias Tulio Tadeu Morais , Santos Junior Joaquim Recaldes dos , Soranz Daniel , Ranzi Dinaci Vieira Marques
Published: October 2024

Abstract Although there is an increase in the number of medical residency vacancies in family and community medicine, there is still poor distribution. These residency programs present cooperation with the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation through actions based on and applicable in practice, with the innovation of assistance technologies. Results show growth in the evolution of medical, nursing and dental care, with percentages of 86.94%, 81.97%, 81.80% and 66.00%, respectively. Improving the quality of records, changing the work process in dentistry and empowering nursing, with care protocols, are the main results.
O poder do ato de nomear: o compromisso do IBGE diante das favelas e comunidades urbanas brasileiras
Authors: Giannella Letícia de Carvalho , Soares Joice de Souza , Franco Cayo de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

Resumo O Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) divulgou, em janeiro de 2024, a adoção do termo “favelas e comunidades urbanas” para se referir a diferentes territórios populares no país. Formados a partir de processos geográficos, históricos e culturais específicos, tais territórios foram marcados por estereótipos e estigmas relacionados não apenas a suas condições materiais, mas a suas populações. A nomenclatura “aglomerados subnormais”, vigente por aproximadamente quatro décadas, foi alterada após profunda reflexão institucional e diálogo com atores sociais. Neste artigo, buscou-se discutir o processo de modificação da nomenclatura oficial, tendo como ponto de partida o processo de constituição desses territórios no imaginário social e os desafios inerentes à guinada realizada pelo instituto. Além disso, pretendeu-se apontar os mecanismos de poder subjacentes às construções discursivas, sobretudo quando provenientes de instituições de Estado, como é o caso do IBGE. Concluiu-se que a tomada de posição realizada pelo órgão veio ao encontro de demandas históricas capitaneadas pelos grupos sociais ligados a tais territórios e representou a assunção de um compromisso político do IBGE para com esses atores em direção ao cumprimento de sua missão institucional.
The power of naming: IBGE’s commitment to Brazil’s favelas and urban communities
Authors: Giannella Letícia de Carvalho , Soares Joice de Souza , Franco Cayo de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

Abstract In January 2024, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) announced the adoption of the term “favelas and urban communities” to refer to different popular territories in the country. Formed from specific geographical, historical and cultural processes, these territories have been marked by stereotypes and stigmas related not only to their material conditions, but also to their populations. The nomenclature “subnormal agglomerations”, in force for approximately four decades, was changed after deep institutional reflection and dialog with social actors. The aim of this article is to discuss the process of changing the official nomenclature, taking as a starting point the process of constitution of these territories in the social imagination, and the challenges inherent in the change made by the Institute. The aim was also to point out the mechanisms of power underlying discursive constructions, especially when they come from state institutions such as the IBGE. It was concluded that the position taken by the agency met the historical demands of the social groups linked to these territories and represented the assumption of a political commitment by the Institute towards these actors in order to fulfill its institutional mission.
Integrated Healthcare Territories: Potentialities of Innovations for the Qualification of Primary Health Care
Authors: Ranzi Dinaci Vieira Marques , Santos Mara Lisiane de Moraes dos , Marcheti Priscila Maria , Soranz Daniel , Santos Junior Joaquim Recaldes dos , Guimarães Emilene dos Santos , Raposo Roberto , De-Carli Alessandro Diogo
Published: October 2024

Abstract This article aimed to analyze the results of implementing the Integrated Health Care Territories (TEIAS) project in a Brazilian capital. The quantitative study was based on secondary data from the e-Gestor AB, e-SUS, the Electronic Citizen Record, the Primary Care Health Information System, and the TEIAS project management reports from 2020 to August 2023. The results suggest the power of innovation strategies for strengthening Primary Health Care (PHC) through professional training aligned with the characteristics and demands of the territories, increasing PHC coverage, service provision, resolution, and service user evaluation. We concluded that innovations expanded and improved access to PHC, and the most significant advances were achieved in training professionals at the residency level (strictly oriented towards PHC attributes) and incorporating new practices not previously performed by PHC into the territory in question.
Crise, austeridade fiscal e insegurança alimentar: fatores associados, tendências e distribuição espacial via PNAD e POF
Authors: Amaral Marcelo Rubens dos Santos do , Silva Pedro Luis do Nascimento , Leon Antônio Carlos Monteiro Ponce de
Published: October 2024

Resumo O estudo visa identificar e analisar fatores associados à insegurança alimentar (IA), as tendências e a distribuição espacial para estratos geográficos. Investigou-se a hipótese de piora do desfecho de IA grave nos domicílios, medido pela Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar (EBIA), como efeito da crise e/ou da política de austeridade. O artigo envolve estudos com desenho transversal para análises seccionais e ecológico misto de tendências espaço-temporais, a partir de quatro inquéritos nacionais do IBGE. Adotou-se procedimento de calibração dos pesos segundo distribuição por sexo e faixa etária e métodos de estimação e modelagem que incorporam efeitos do desenho amostral. A regressão de Poisson com estimação robusta de variância foi empregada para estimar razões de prevalências de IA grave em nível etiológico. Para o nível ecológico, empregou-se duas abordagens de modelagem multinível para medidas repetidas de estratos: regressão múltipla log-log para associações; e modelagem de splines para estimação de tendências. Os achados apontam impactos da austeridade adotada, com mudanças de tendências no Programa Bolsa Família e reflexos sobre o aumento da IA grave. Projeta-se o aumento da IA e afastamento do alcance do objetivo nº 2 dos ODS em 2030 pelo Brasil, a despeito do sucesso obtido em 2014 para o ODM nº 1.
Crisis, fiscal austerity and food insecurity: associated factors, trends and spatial distribution via PNAD and POF
Authors: Amaral Marcelo Rubens dos Santos do , Silva Pedro Luis do Nascimento , Leon Antônio Carlos Monteiro Ponce de
Published: October 2024

Abstract This study aims to identify and analyse factors associated with food insecurity (FI), trends and spatial distributions for geographical strata. The hypothesis of worsening of the outcome of severe FI, measured by the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA) in households, as an effect of the crisis and/or the austerity policy, was investigated. The article involves studies with cross-sectional design and mixed ecological for spatio-temporal trends, based on 4 national IBGE surveys. A weight calibration procedure to match population distribution by gender and age group was adopted, as well as estimation and modelling methods that incorporate effects of the sample design. Poisson regression with robust estimation of variance was used to estimate prevalence ratios of severe FI at the etiological level. For the ecological level, two multilevel modelling approaches were employed for repeated measurements of strata: multiple log-log regression for associations; and modelling of splines for trend estimation. The findings point to impacts of the austerity policy adopted, with changes in trends in the Programa Bolsa Família - PBF (Family Benefit Programme - FBP) and on the increase in severe FI. It is projected that there will be an increase in FI and a shortfall in relation to achievement of the SDG no. 2 in 2030 by Brazil, despite the success obtained in 2014 for MDG no. 1.
Construcción y validación de contenidos para vídeos educativos anclados en el cambio de comportamiento para personas con diabetes
Authors: Sá Jennyfer Soares de , Arruda Guilherme Oliveira de , Marcon Sonia Silva , Haddad Maria do Carmo Fernandez Lourenço , Palasson Rosilene Rocha , Ferreira Júnior Marcos Antonio , Teston Elen Ferraz
Published: October 2024

Resumen Objetivo: construir y validar el contenido de guiones de vídeos educativos centrados en el cambio de comportamiento para el autocuidado de personas con diabetes. Método: estudio metodológico, anclado en el modelo transteórico de cambio de comportamiento, desarrollado entre septiembre de 2021 y noviembre de 2022, con dos etapas - procedimientos teóricos y procedimientos empíricos y analíticos. La validación fue realizada por nueve jueces en la primera ronda y seis en la segunda. Se utilizó una escala de tipo Likert dividida en nueve criterios para recoger los datos, que luego se analizaron a partir del índice de validación del contenido (superior al 80%) y de la prueba binomial. Resultados: se construyeron cuatro guiones basados en los temas: autoevaluación del comportamiento, etapas de la fase de motivación para el cambio, reflexiones sobre los comportamientos cotidianos, adopción de hábitos saludables y recaídas en el proceso de cambio. Los contenidos alcanzaron un índice medio de validación de 0,93 y 1,0 en la primera y segunda rondas, respectivamente. Conclusión: Los guiones desarrollados son herramientas con potencial para apoyar acciones de educación en salud a personas con diabetes con vistas a modificar su comportamiento.
Tendência de internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária em Pelotas, Brasil, de 2000 a 2021
Authors: Stahnke Douglas Nunes , Medeiros Brunna Machado , Martins Renata Breda , Costa Juvenal Soares Dias da
Published: October 2024

Resumo O objetivo do artigo é descrever as características das internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária (ICSAP) no município de Pelotas quanto à ocorrência por sexo, faixa etária e por principais causas no período de 2000 a 2021. Adicionalmente, foi realizada a análise de tendência das ICSAP do município comparando-a com a do restante do Rio Grande do Sul, sua associação com o gasto público per capita em saúde e com a cobertura populacional de ESF. Estudo ecológico utilizando a Lista de CSAP do Ministério da Saúde disponível no Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde. As informações sobre o gasto em saúde foram obtidas no Sistema de Informações sobre Orçamento Público em Saúde. A cobertura de ESF estava disponível no Departamento de Atenção Básica. Encontrou-se diminuição das ICSAP em Pelotas e no restante do Estado. As ICSAP foram mais frequentes nas pessoas de 60 anos ou mais. A principal causa de internação foi insuficiência cardíaca. Em Pelotas a cobertura de ESF e o gasto em saúde apresentaram associação com as ICSAP. Apesar das medidas aplicadas a partir de 2017, políticas implantadas anteriormente, o aumento do gasto em saúde e a ampliação da cobertura podem ter influenciado a diminuição das ICSAP.
Perspectivas teórico-metodológicas para o estudo do racismo e do antirracismo na Educação Científica: fundamentos materialistas, históricos e dialéticos
Authors: Santos Paulo Gabriel Franco dos
Published: October 2024

Resumo: Considerando a atualidade e a pertinência do debate racial no campo da educação científica, pretende-se, com este artigo, apresentar um corpo teórico para compreensão e análise das problemáticas relacionadas sob a perspectiva do materialismo histórico e dialético. Parte-se da constatação da sub-representação, baixa participação e alienação das pessoas negras nos contextos produtivos das ciências naturais, resultante da conformação histórica do processo produtivo e ideológico da sociedade atual, cujas determinações são analisadas a partir da unidade teórica colonialismo-capitalismo-racismo. Nesse sentido, apresenta-se a dimensão da problemática sob a referida perspectiva teórica e se propõe a relação Trabalho-Educação-Ciência (TEC) como unidade analítica contribuindo para a explicação das problemáticas raciais atuais e lançando luz sobre a função política da educação científica para sua superação.
Walking ethnography na educação ambiental e educação em saúde: em busca do rigor e da legitimação da pesquisa qualitativa em educação
Authors: Iared Valéria Ghisloti , Venturi Tiago
Published: October 2024

Resumo: A pesquisa qualitativa em educação, especialmente nos campos de investigação em educação ambiental e educação em saúde, requisita outras formas de investigação, distintas daquelas positivistas e cartesianas, apoiadas em descrições verbais e textuais. São necessários novos elementos, como corporeidade, estética e articulações corpo~mente~mundo, para compreender fenômenos em nível experiencial e afetivo. Motivo pelo qual esse ensaio teórico objetiva refletir acerca dos fundamentos teórico-filosóficos e do walking ethnography na pesquisa em educação como possibilidade de interface entre os campos da educação ambiental e educação em saúde. Walking ethnography permite articular ontologia-epistemologia-metodologia como tríade indissociável, discutindo elementos que legitimam novas possibilidades à pesquisa educacional brasileira. Considera-se o potencial da discussão para integração entre os campos da educação ambiental e educação em saúde e para a formação de professores.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the development and copper content in corn and sorghum plants
Authors: Barros S. , Turchetto R. , Magalhães J. B. , Canepelle E. , Andreola D. S. , Ros C. O. , Basso C. J. , Silva V. R. , Silva R. F.
Published: October 2024

Abstract The concentration of copper in the soil increased with the intensification of agricultural activities, mainly in grape production areas and orchards as a result of the application of pesticides. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi make up the microbial biomass of the soil and appear as an alternative to be researched for the development of plants in an environment contaminated with copper. The purpose of this pot study was to analyze the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the development and content of copper in corn and sorghum plants. Soil treatments were: without inoculum (control) and two arbuscular mycorrhizal (Acaulospora scrobiculata and Rhizoglomus clarum) and five doses of copper (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg Cu kg-1 soil); with seven repetitions. Plant height, stem diameter, number of tillers, root volume, shoot and root dry weight yields, shoot, root and grain Cu concentrations, pseudo-total soil Cu, percentage of mycorrhizal colonization and relative mycorrhizal efficiency index in reducing Cu concentration in root and shoot of corn and sorgum were evaluated. Morphological parameters of sorghum and corn were reduced with at high Cu doses in the soil, and the inoculation with Acaulospora scrobiculata and Rhizoglomus clarum resulted in greater development and lower Cu concentration in the dry mass of the shoot and root parts sorghum and corn plants.
Silver nanoparticles enhance the mitigation of osmotic stress in Chenopodium quinoa microshoots grown under in vitro osmo-stressing conditions
Authors: Mohusaien R. , Shibli R. , Abu-Zurayk R. , Tahtamouni R. , Al-Qudah T. S.
Published: October 2024

Abstract Osmotic stress is one of the main destructive abiotic factors that hinder plant growth and development. In this research, the role of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in mitigating the negative impact of osmotic stress on in vitro grown Chenopodium quinoa (Quinoa 6 Line; Q6) was investigated to determine whether Ag NPs were able to reduce the negative effects on the in vitro grown cultures of the Q6 line. The explants were subcultured onto a special osmostressing media containing sucrose, sorbitol, or mannitol at different levels (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mol/L) to mimic the osmotic stressing environment for four weeks. Then, stress physiological responses of in vitro grown Q6 under the induced osmotic stress were investigated to determine the highest stress level that the microshoots could tolerate. Next, Ag NPs; 25, 50, and 75 mg/L were added to the medium that contained the highest stress level of the induced osmotic stress to determine if their addition improved the physiological performance of the Q6 microshoots under the most severe osmotic agent levels. The results revealed that 0.4 mol/L sucrose, 0.3 mol/L sorbitol, and 0.3 mol/L mannitol were the highest stress levels that the microshoots could tolerate. The addition of 75 mg/L Ag NPs to the previous highest stress levels resulted in a significant increase in the following: stem length (SL), leaves number (LN), fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), total chlorophyll, protein, calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P) contents, while it caused a reduction in proline, sodium (Na) ions, and potassium (K) ions. These results indicate that the negative consequences of osmotic stress on Q6 quinoa microshoots could be mitigated by adding specific concentrations of Ag NPs to the culture medium.
Viability duration of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) milt stored under refrigeration
Authors: Spica L. N. , Oliveira T. S. , Silva A. F. , Herédia-Ribas C. M. , Povh J. A. , Batlouni S. R. , Sanches E. A.
Published: October 2024

Abstract Cooling milt conserves viable spermatozoa to extend the period available for artificial fertilization and avoids the robust protocols and high costs associated with cryopreservation. Yet, the sperm quality curves of fresh and refrigerated milt have not yet been compared for pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), which is often used as a biological model. This study aimed to analyze the milt quality of male P. mesopotamicus across 24 h of refrigeration. Six adult males were induced with carp pituitary extract. Sperm movement, membrane integrity, and morphology was compared between extruded milt samples stored for 24 h under either ambient temperature or under refrigeration at 12.63 °C. Sperm motility differed significantly over time. After 24 h of storage, motility values were higher in refrigerated spermatozoa than in those kept at ambient temperature. Sperm cell survival rates did not differ 4–8 h post collection. After 16 h, refrigerated cells showed superior membrane integrity (82.05 ± 4.23%) compared to those stored at ambient temperature (66.98 ± 6.45%), maintaining this pattern up to 24 h. In terms of sperm morphology rate, milt from both treatment groups was still viable for use 8 h after collection. However, after 16 h of storage, both groups exhibited a large reduction in normality rates, and at 24 h, all milt were unfeasible. In conclusion, P. mesopotamicus milt can be stored up to 8 h after collection when refrigerated at 12.63 °C, without the use of extenders and/or cryoprotectants, maintaining enough quality for egg fertilization.
Jaundice in cats: Causes and post-mortem findings in 44 cases
Authors: Silva Ana C.R. , Lopes Carlos E.B. , Fonseca Clarissa S. , Baêta Silvia A.F. , Oliveira Jefferson B.S. , Lopes Marcelo C. , Araujo Andreina C. , Silveira Júlia A.G. , Santos Igor R. , Driemeier David , Ecco Roselene
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to describe the pathological findings and causes of jaundice in 44 cats (Felis catus) over a six-year period. The cats were from two Brazilian metropolitan areas: 34.1% were female, 56.8% were male, and 9.1% had no information regarding their sex. Their ages ranged from 6 months to 13 years. Most of the cats examined were of a mixed breed (40/44), whereas the others were Angora (2/44), Oriental Short Hair (1/44) and Persian (1/44). All animals had mild to marked jaundice, and 39 were diagnosed with mild to marked anemia. The classification of icterus types (pre-hepatic, hepatic and post-hepatic) was based on gross and microscopic findings. Of the 44 animals, 10 were classified as pre-hepatic icterus, 33 with hepatic icterus and seven with post-hepatic icterus. In some cats, two types of icterus were found, of which five were classified as pre-hepatic and hepatic icterus, and one case was hepatic and post-hepatic icterus. According to the gross and microscopic findings, the cause of pre-hepatic icterus was idiopathic hemolytic anemia. The most frequent cause of hepatic icterus was hepatic lipidosis (26/44), followed by perihepatitis and hepatitis compatible with feline infectious peritonitis, lymphoma, glycogenic degeneration, cholangiocarcinoma and metastatic myeloid leukemia. In animals with post-hepatic icterus, the causes included cholangitis due to Platynosomum spp. infection, cholangioma of the common hepatic duct, and chronic cholangitis. Understanding the etiopathogenesis of jaundice requires an accurate clinic-pathological study and concomitant causes of the disease in cats should be considered.
The use of WhatsApp to identify previously undiagnosed and underreported ruminant and equine diseases in Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Bonato Gisele C. , Souza Larissa L. , Silva Thaísa X. , Pupin Rayane C. , Gomes Danilo C. , Araújo Fábio S. , Lemos Ricardo A.A.
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT: This study explores the use of WhatsApp as a tool for identifying previously undiagnosed and underreported diseases in ruminants and horses in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The research, carried out from January 2022 to December 2023, involved a WhatsApp group of 302 public service and private sector veterinarians. The contacts were categorized as those that resulted in a necropsy by the veterinary diagnostic laboratory, the sending of a sample for histopathological analysis, or the non-sending of material. The results demonstrate the efficiency of using WhatsApp for diagnosing underreported diseases such as anaplasmosis, haemonchosis, rabies, blackleg disease, Mannheimia haemolytica pneumonia, bovine herpesvirus encephalitis, multiple mineral deficiency in cattle and copper poisoning in sheep, thus increasing diagnostic efficiency for veterinary laboratories. The tool also facilitated communication, resulting in an increase in conclusive diagnoses, the identification of previously undiagnosed diseases such as Chlamydia pecorum encephalomyelitis in buffalo, peripheral neuropathy in cattle, phosphorus deficiency in cattle, vitamin A deficiency, and perinatal pneumonia caused by Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae in cattle. In addition, it was possible to identify underreported occurrences, such as cases of abortion and neonatal diarrhea and to implement the correction of diagnostic approaches in real-time via WhatsApp. The study concludes that WhatsApp improves communication between field veterinarians and diagnostic laboratories, providing valuable information on disease occurrence and diagnostic challenges.
Two approaches to evaluate perception about food
Authors: Conti Ana Carolina , Moreira Ana Laura Fermoselli , Lamana Breno Silva , Marani Luana Rachel Salgueiro , Dias-Faceto Liara Silva
Published: October 2024

Abstract Objective The aims of this research were to investigate the perception about foods in Brazil through two studies: 1) to investigate the perception about the NOVA classification of foods; and 2) to investigate the perception regarding the caloric value of fast foods and restaurant meals. Methods The two studies were carried out online using Google Forms. In study 1 (n=156), participants received twenty-five food concepts and were asked to associate each one with one of the five categories: unprocessed, minimally processed, culinary ingredients, processed and ultra-processed. In study 2 (n=184), images of eight meals (four of fast foods and four of restaurant meals) were provided and participants were asked to group them, as they deemed necessary, depending on the caloric value that each meal provided. After that, the individuals were asked to rank the previously formed groups from the most caloric to the least caloric. Results Participants perceived which foods are unprocessed and ultra-processed, as proposed by NOVA classification, although there was some confusion and misunderstanding about some foods, such as powdered milk, and the culinary ingredients group. Moreover, participants did not perceive the real caloric values of fast-food meals nor restaurant meals. Meals were ranked differently from their real caloric value and participants thought, in general, that fast foods are more caloric than restaurant meals. Conclusion The studies showed that Brazilians have difficulties in perceiving information about foods, i.e., to reach the population regarding food is neither simple nor trivial, highlighting the need to educate the population about it.
Drying kinetics and thermodynamic properties of trapiá pulp
Authors: Esmero Janaina A. D. , Figueirêdo Rossana M. F. de , Queiroz Alexandre J. de M. , Paiva Yaroslávia F. , Moura Henrique V. , Santos Francislaine S. dos , Silva Luís P. F. R. da , Matos Joana D. P. de , Moraes Maria S. de , Gondim Carolina de M. , Gomes Josivanda P.
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT The objective of the research was to study the drying of trapiá pulp with the addition of drying aids, determining the drying kinetics and thermodynamic properties of the samples. Formulations of the pulp was treated with the additives monoglycerides, carboxymethylcellulose - CMC and guar gum in different combinations and concentrations (F1 - 0.5% CMC and 0.5% Monoglycerides; F2 - 0.5% Guar Gum and 0.5% Monoglycerides; and F3 - 0.25% Guar Gum, 0.5% CMC and 0.5% Monoglycerides) trapiá. Drying was carried out at 50, 60 and 70 ºC with 0.5 cm thick layers. The drying kinetics were determined, and different mathematical models fitted to the data. The Midilli model best represented the drying kinetics, with determination coefficients ≥ 0.9985. The effective diffusivities increased with increase in temperature with magnitudes to the order of 10-10 m2 s-1. The enthalpy variations (ΔH) reduced with increase in temperature and were positive. The entropy variations (ΔS) were negative and inversely proportional to the temperature. The variation in Gibbs free energy (ΔG) was positive and increased with increase in temperature.
An examination of human rights, anti-racism, and affirmative action policies in Brazil
Authors: Dias Luciana de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

Abstract This article sets out to provide an analysis of the relationship between human rights, public policies and ethnic-racial inequality in Brazil from a contemporary perspective. Public policies have emerged as an effective means of achieving human rights and citizenship for historically discriminated social groupings in a society like Brazil’s marked by enduring structural and structuring inequalities. The article specifically addresses the racial violence perpetrated against the black population in the country, who still endure the legacy of a colonial past. A central point highlighted is that the agency and interactions of the black population have had a positive impact by destabilizing social relations characterized by racism. In this sense, anti-racist actions are central factors in the promotion of Afro-reparatory policies, one of the motivating reasons for the interest in studying affirmative actions for black people.
Louis-Joseph Janvier and “The Detractors of The Black Race”: An Anthropological Critique
Authors: Déus Frantz Rousseau
Published: October 2024

Abstract Ideas of hierarchy, inferiority and racial inequality predominated in the work of certain European intellectuals of the 18th and 19th centuries on the idea of ‘races’. The Société d’Ethnologie de Paris (SEP) and the Société d’Anthropologie de Paris (SAP) are two French institutions that had intellectuals who participated in the consolidation of these conceptions. Since the 18th century there have been criticism by black intellectuals; however, with the emergence of the First Black Republic of the modern era in Haiti, these criticisms gained new contours. Many Haitian intellectuals in the first and second half of the 19th century dedicated themselves to combating hierarchical ways of thinking, demonstrating their inconsistencies. In this article, based on bibliographical research, we consider the anthropological work of the Haitian Louis-Joseph Janvier (1855-1911), highlighting his contribution to struggles toward deconstructing the imaginary of racial inferiority attributed to black people and used to legitimize their domination and exploitation. Discussing the racial issue in Janvier’s thinking is relevant as it continues to be a dilemma and a challenge in the contemporary world.
What’s in it for Maria? Brazilian migrant sex workers’ (de)mobilization of the “trafficking victim” identity
Authors: Clemente Mara , Blanchette Thaddeus Gregory
Published: October 2024

Abstract The article explores the (de)mobilization of the “trafficking victim” identity among Brazilian sex workers and the benefits that the counter-trafficking apparatus offers to Brazilian migrant women exploited in the sex market. In doing so, it considers their experience as much in their country of origin, Brazil, as in Portugal. Drawing on findings from ethnographic research, the article highlights the occasional and unstable mobilization of the “victim” label as a form of defense against the counter-trafficking apparatus, rather than as an instrument of recognition of rights that can substantially benefit Brazilian migrant women in the sex market.