bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Standardization of Diagnostic Criteria for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD): Implications for Research, Clinical Practice and Population Health
Authors: Brown Jasmine M. , Bland Roger , Jonsson Egon , Greenshaw Andrew J.
Published: May 2018

Objective:

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is a preventable disorder caused by maternal alcohol consumption and marked by a range of physical and mental disabilities. Although recognized by the scientific and medical community as a clinical disorder, no internationally standardized diagnostic tool yet exists for FASD.

Methods and Results:

This review seeks to analyse the discrepancies in existing diagnostic tools for FASD, and the repercussions these differences have on research, public health, and government policy.

Conclusions:

Disagreement on the adoption of a standardised tool is reflective of existing gaps in research on the conditions and factors that influence fetal vulnerability to damage from exposure. This discordance has led to variability in research findings, inconsistencies in government messaging, and misdiagnoses or missed diagnoses. The objective measurement of the timing and level of prenatal alcohol exposure is key to bridging these gaps; however, there is conflicting or limited evidence to support the use of existing measures.
Simple Planning Rules for Complex Urban Problems: Toward Legal Certainty for Spatial Flexibility
Authors: Moroni Stefano , Buitelaar Edwin , Sorel Niels , Cozzolino Stefano
Published: May 2018

In the course of the nineteenth century, many countries attempted to simplify their regulatory systems; since then, however, the entire legal apparatus has become ever more complex, being based on the (debatable) notion that law must mirror the growing complexity of society. Owing to this presumption, complex land-use and building issues have rapidly generated a host of equally intricate rules. However, some critics have argued that complex systems require exactly the opposite treatment, that is, simple rather than complex legal rules. This article explores the concept of simple rules for urban development, investigating what they are, why they are superior, and how they can be achieved.
Clinical and immunological pattern and outcome of Egyptian systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a single center experience
Authors: Mahmoud G A , Shahin A A , Zayed H S , Moghazy A , Eissa B M
Published: May 2018

Objective

The objective of this study was to describe the clinical and immunological pattern and disease outcome in Egyptian systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

Patients and methods

The medical records of 770 systemic lupus erythematosus patients who were followed from 2002–2015 at Kasr Alainy Hospital, Cairo University, were retrospectively reviewed.

Results

There were 707 (91.8%) females. The mean age at disease onset was 22.1 ± 8.6 and the disease duration was 6.1 ± 4.5 years. The main clinical manifestations were mucocutaneous (90.8% with oral ulcers affecting 52.5%), arthritis (80.3%), nephritis (67.8%), hematologic involvement (64.9%), serositis (55.2%) and neuropsychiatric manifestations (44.3%). The frequencies of antinuclear antibodies were 94.3%, anti-dsDNA 74.8%, anti-Smith 11%, anticardiolipin antibodies 29.5% and lupus anticoagulant 19.8%. Infections, predominantly bacterial, affected 337 (43.8%) patients. Thirty-three (4.3%) patients died. The main causes of death were sepsis and disease activity. The five- and 10-year survival rates for the total cohort were 97.4% and 96.3%, respectively, and were 96% and 92%, respectively for those with nephritis ( p = 0.008). Autoimmune hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, elevated serum creatinine, a higher damage index, infections, a higher glucocorticoid dose and cyclophosphamide use ≥ six months were associated with an increased risk of mortality with odds ratios of 3.69, p < 0.01; 4.12, p < 0.001; 1.54, p < 0.001; 1.43, p < 0.001; 5.08, p < 0.001; 5.04, p < 0.001 and 2.25, p = 0.03, respectively.

Conclusion

Compared to other cohorts, a relatively lower mean age at systemic lupus erythematosus onset and higher frequencies of oral ulcers, serositis and nephritis were found.
Empowerment through Communication in Shakespeare’s Lucrece: Transitioning from Economic to Artistic Transactions
Authors: Rath Pragyan
Published: May 2018

It is the metaphoric doubling of past into present that gave Renaissance ekphrastic representations its techniques of self-understanding. In effect, in the ekphrastic doubling of the past in the present, we notice that historicity becomes an inalienable part of its contemporary credibility. The reduction of distance between life and art, as evident in contemporary obsession with selfies and photographs, thus begins to become the central project of early modern ekphrasis, enhanced in the Renaissance. In sum, art becomes equivalent to legal tender, and ekphrasis, a principle of exchange and substitution, through which objects and artefacts seem to be in danger of losing their particularities and gaining new generic human values. When Shakespeare wrote The Rape of Lucrece (1593–1594), it was ekphrasis that allowed Shakespeare to speak about the ills of his own times through a Greco-Roman subject. The metaphorical implications that his story has for the issues of good government and private and public security embedded in colonial mercantilism are implicit in his tropological practice. And in doing so, Shakespeare conducts an ekphrastic economy of exchange, which is in this sense the intransitive art of shielding life.
Establishment of a spontaneously transformed cell line (JU-PI) from a myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma
Authors: Fagerstedt Klaus W , Salonen Tarja , Zhao Fang , Kytölä Soili , Böhling Tom , Andersson Leif C
Published: May 2018

Myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma is a soft-tissue neoplasm most frequently found in the distal extremities of middle-aged adults. Most myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma are low-grade tumors with propensity for local recurrence after incomplete removal. We report a myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma which developed in the foot of a 41-year-old male and showed an exceptionally aggressive course with metastatic spread and fatal outcome within 16 months. We managed to establish a spontaneously transformed continuous cell line, called JU-PI, from a metastatic lesion. The JU-PI cells have a sub-tetraploid karyotype including the 1;10 chromosomal translocation and amplification of the proximal end of 3p; these features are considered genetic signatures of myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma. Both the primary tumor and the JU-PI cells showed nuclear expression of the TFE3 transcription factor but TFE3-activating chromosomal rearrangements were not found. To our knowledge, JU-PI is the first established myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma cell line. JU-PI cells offer a tool for investigating the molecular oncology of myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma.
A Single Lab Test to Aid Pierre Robin Sequence Severity Diagnosis
Authors: Fahradyan Artur , Azadgoli Beina , Tsuha Michaela , Urata Mark M. , Francis Stacey H.
Published: May 2018

Objective:

The workup of patients with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) consists of a physical examination, O2 saturation, and polysomnography to determine the severity of respiratory obstruction and need for surgery. We suggest that capillary blood gas (CBG) may be a better physiologic representation of airway obstruction and should be routinely used in the management of patients with PRS.

Design:

This is a multicenter study based on a retrospective review of medical records.

Setting:

The study was performed at tertiary care centers.

Interventions:

Patients with PRS <1 year old underwent mandibular distraction osteogenesis.

Main Outcome Measure:

Using successful treatment outcome as a reference standard, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the accuracy of the diagnostic test and values for the best sensitivity and specificity to determine the need for surgical intervention.

Results:

Of 73 patients, 48 had sporadic PRS, 23 had syndromes, 2 had micrognathia, not otherwise specified. Mandibular distraction osteogenesis was performed in 62 patients at a mean age of 39 days. The mean initial Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) in nonsurgical versus surgical groups was 10 versus 31 ( P = .063), pH 7.41 versus 7.34 ( P = .003), pCO2 43 versus 56 ( P < .001), and HCO3 27 versus 30 ( P = .022). The ROC curve showed that pCO2 of 49.5 has the best specificity (100%) and sensitivity (72.6%) profile in terms of need for definitive airway.

Conclusion:

A simple CBG heel stick may better predict the physiologic effects of obstructive apnea; therefore, it should be added to the algorithm of PRS workup.
An Innovative Perioperative Pain Program for Chronic Opioid Users: An Academic Medical Center’s Response to the Opioid Crisis
Authors: Hanna Marie N. , Speed Traci J. , Shechter Ronen , Grant Michael C. , Sheinberg Rosanne , Goldberg Elizabeth , Campbell Claudia M. , Theodore Nicholas , Koch Colleen G. , Williams Kayode
Published: May 2018

Increased utilization of prescription opioids for pain management has led to a nationwide public health crisis with alarming rates of addiction and opioid-related deaths. In the surgical setting, opioid prescriptions have been implicated as a contributing factor to the opioid epidemic. The authors developed an innovative model to address aspects of pain management and opioid utilization during preoperative evaluation, acute surgical hospitalization, and postoperative follow-up for chronic opioid users. This program involves multidisciplinary teams that include acute and chronic pain specialists, psychiatrists, integrative medicine specialists, and physical medicine and rehabilitation services. It also features a novel infrastructure for triage and pain management education and treatment. Individualized patient plans are devised that can include preoperative opioid weaning, regional anesthesia that minimizes opioid use, and multimodal techniques for surgical pain treatment. Multidisciplinary programs such as this have the potential to both improve perioperative pain control and prevent escalation of opioid use among chronic opioid users.
A Theoretical Investigation of Postmodern Approaches Used in Medical Settings
Authors: Sung Jeehee , Mayo Nicolle , Witting Alyssa Banford
Published: May 2018

This study attempts to investigate the use of one of the postmodern family therapy theories, solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT) in the medical setting. Although SFBT is being widely used in medical settings, a thorough theoretical investigation about its suitability to this area has not been presented. In order to discuss the use of SFBT in the expanding practice of medical family therapy (MedFT), the underpinnings of MedFT and SFBT are examined, in addition to the integrative potential of SFBT with the dominant theoretical perspectives guiding MedFT, as well as SFBT’s suitability to the medical setting based on the requirements Doherty and Baird suggested. Challenging features of implementing SFBT in medical settings are noted, along with relevant suggestions to resolve these obstacles.
Evidence for telehealth group-based treatment: A systematic review
Authors: Gentry Melanie T , Lapid Maria I , Clark Matthew M , Rummans Teresa A
Published: May 2018

Background

Interest in the use of telehealth interventions to increase access to healthcare services is growing. Group-based interventions have the potential to increase patient access to highly needed services. The aim of this study was to systematically review the available literature on group-based video teleconference services.

Methods

The English-language literature was searched using Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO and CINAHL for terms related to telehealth, group therapy and support groups. Abstracts were reviewed for relevance based on inclusion criteria. Multiple study types were reviewed, including open-label, qualitative and randomised controlled trial study designs. Data were compiled regarding participants, study intervention and outcomes. Specific areas of interest were the feasibility of and satisfaction with telehealth technology, as well as the effect of video teleconference delivery on group dynamics, including therapeutic alliance.

Results

Forty published studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Six were randomised controlled trials. Among the studies, there was a broad range of study designs, participants, group interventions and outcome measures. Video teleconference groups were found to be feasible and resulted in similar treatment outcomes to in-person groups. However, few studies were designed to demonstrate noninferiority of video teleconference groups compared with in-person groups. Studies that examined group process factors showed small decreases in therapeutic alliance in the video teleconference participants.

Conclusions

Video teleconference groups are feasible and produce outcomes similar to in-person treatment, with high participant satisfaction despite technical challenges. Additional research is needed to identify optimal methods of video teleconference group delivery to maximise clinical benefit and treatment outcomes.
Validation of the short version of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Spanish children
Authors: Orgilés Mireia , Morales Alexandra , Fernández-Martínez Iván , Melero Silvia , Espada José P
Published: May 2018

This study aimed to validate a short version of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Spanish kids (CERQ-Sk) based on the 18-item version available for adults. A sample of 654 children aged 7–12 years completed the CERQ-Sk and tests for depression and anxiety measures. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the 18-item version and the original nine-factor structure, which includes self-blame, acceptance, rumination, positive refocusing, refocus on planning, positive reappraisal, putting into perspective, catastrophizing, and other-blame (comparative fit index = .99, Tucker–Lewis index = .98, root mean square error of approximation = .02). Internal consistency was adequate (ordinal α = .80), and the eight-week stability of this version was moderate (intraclass correlation = .69). Criterion validity was supported by correlations among self-blame, rumination, and catastrophizing (positive) and among positive reappraisal and depression and anxiety symptoms (negative). Results suggest that the short version of the CERQ-Sk is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing these cognitive emotion regulation strategies during the middle childhood developmental period. Clinicians and researchers will benefit from this briefer acceptable version when time is not available for the 36-item version. This study offers preliminary results for the first short version of the CERQ for children.
A hybrid fault diagnosis method based on singular value difference spectrum denoising and local mean decomposition for rolling bearing
Authors: Ma Jun , Wu Jiande , Wang Xiaodong
Published: May 2018

Rolling bearing is one of the most crucial components in rotating machinery and due to their critical role, it is of great importance to monitor their operation conditions. However, due to the background noise in acquired signals, it is not always possible to identify probable faults. Therefore, signal denoising preprocessing has become an essential part of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis. In the present study, a hybrid fault diagnosis method based on singular value difference spectrum denoising and local mean decomposition for rolling bearing is proposed. First, as a denoising preprocessing method, singular value difference spectrum denoising is applied to reduce the noise of the bearing vibration signal and improve the signal-to-noise ratio. Then, local mean decomposition method is used to decompose the denoised signals into several product functions. And product functions corresponding to the fault feature are selected according to the correlation coefficient criterion. Finally, Teager energy spectrum is analyzed by applying the Teager energy operator to the constructed amplitude modulation component. The proposed method is successfully applied to analyze the vibration signals collected from an experimental motive rolling bearing and rolling bearing of the self-made rotor experimental platform. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed singular value difference spectrum denoising and local mean decomposition method can achieve fairly or slightly better performance than the normal local mean decomposition-Teager energy operator method, fast kurtogram, and the wavelet denoising and local mean decomposition method.
Diagnostic Performance of the Electroencephalogram in the Elderly Manifesting With Episodes of Unresponsiveness
Authors: Limotai Chusak , Tasanaworapunya Patcharapa , Thaipisuttikul Iyavut
Published: May 2018

This study aimed to determine diagnostic performance of the EEG in diagnosing seizures and to ascertain risk factors associated with seizures in the elderly presenting with episodes of unresponsiveness compared with younger patients. This is a cross-sectional study. Only EEGs requested with indication of transient unresponsiveness (TUR) were included. Patients were divided into 2 groups, younger (aged 18-49 years) and elderly (aged >60 years). The EEG was an index test. Reference standard, independently verified by 2 board-certified neurologists, was a clinical diagnosis of presence or absence of epilepsy/probable seizures. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to ascertain associated risk factors for epilepsy/probable seizures. Among 2187 total EEG recordings, 244 (11.16%) recordings were requested with indication of TUR. A total of 156 patients (50 younger and 106 elderly) were recruited for analysis. Prevalence of epilepsy/probable seizures in patients with TUR was 26.9%. Prevalence of interictal epileptiform discharges was 16% in the younger and 12.3% in the elderly. Overall diagnostic performance was poorer in the elderly. Associated risk factors for having seizures were presence of intermittent slow waves in the younger and presence of positive motor signs as well as presence of nonepileptiform abnormalities in the elderly. Prevalence of seizures and interictal epileptiform discharges was low in the elderly who manifests with TUR. Overall diagnostic performance of the EEG in diagnosing seizures was poorer in the elderly mainly due to low sensitivity. When we encounter patients with TUR, thorough and detailed history is still a mainstay of a diagnosis of seizures, not the EEG results.
Joint time and power allocation for uplink cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access based massive machine-type communication Network
Authors: Han Shujun , Xu Xiaodong , Zhao Litong , Tao Xiaofeng
Published: May 2018

Non-orthogonal multiple access is an essential promising solution to support large-scale connectivity required by massive machine-type communication scenario defined in the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system. In this article, we study the problem of energy minimization in non-orthogonal multiple access–based massive machine-type communication network. Focusing on the massive machine-type communication scenario and assisted by grouping method, we propose an uplink cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access scheme with two phases, transmission phase and cooperation phase, for one uplink cooperative transmission period. Based on uplink cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access, the machine-type communication device with better channel condition and more residual energy will be selected as a group head, which acts as a relay assisting other machine-type communication devices to communicate. In the transmission phase, machine-type communication devices transmit data to the group head. Then, the group head transmits the received data with its own data to base station in the cooperation phase. Because the massive machine-type communication devices are low-cost dominant with limited battery, based on uplink cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access, we propose a joint time and power allocation algorithm to minimize the system energy consumption. Furthermore, the proposed joint time and power allocation algorithm includes dynamic group head selection and fractional transmit time allocation algorithms. Simulation results show that the proposed solution for uplink cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access–based massive machine-type communication network outperforms other schemes.
Synchronization of directed complex networks with uncertainty and time-delay
Authors: Wu Yunlong , Zhao Qian , Li Hui
Published: May 2018

A complex earthquake monitor network includes satellite in-orbit and ground observation and requires good synchronization in time. This article investigates synchronization of complex networks with uncertainty and time-delay. Directed graphs are used to represent the interaction topology. The uncertainty is assumed to be norm bounded. Based on Lyapunov theory, sufficient conditions are given to guarantee the synchronization of the complex networks in the presence of time-delay. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the obtained results.
Postural Stability and Physical Activity of Workers Working at Height
Authors: Cyma Magdalena , Marciniak Katarzyna , Tomczak Maciej , Stemplewski Rafał
Published: May 2018

The purpose of the study was to analyze the level of postural stability and physical activity of at-height workers.

The study included 34 healthy men aged 25–43. Two groups were identified based on the type of work they performed: at-height workers (HW) ( n = 17), and office workers (OW) ( n = 17). Physical activity, including physical activity at work, sports activity, and leisure, was assessed with a Baecke questionnaire. For evaluation of postural stability, the one-leg standing test with eyes open and closed was used.

The HW group had a higher rate of average physical activity at work than the OW group ( p = .000), whereas the OW group showed greater physical activity during leisure time ( p = .000). No differences were found between the groups in terms of sports activity. Postural stability analysis shows that the HW group ( p < .05) scored statistically significantly higher values in one-leg standing with eyes closed.

The groups differed in terms of postural stability in favor of HW. At the same time, despite differences in particular aspects, the overall level of PA was similar. This may indicate that postural stability is rather affected by exposure to distress conditions.
Working Men’s Constructions of Visiting the Doctor
Authors: Mahalik James R. , Backus Dagirmanjian Faedra R.
Published: May 2018

To understand influences on medical help seeking in men from traditionally masculine occupations, semistructured interviews with 12 men employed in manual and industrial labor were conducted. The semistructured interview format explored participant men’s understanding and experiences of annual exams and medical help seeking, their own and others’ reactions to seeking medical help, and influences on their own care and understanding of what it means to seek medical care. Utilizing consensual qualitative research methodology, five domains emerged: Social norms around medical care, managing threat, getting medical help is gendered, work-related influences, and pragmatic contributors to medical help seeking. Results extended the literature by situating men’s understanding of physician visits within a gendered and social context, and highlighting the influence of work and coworkers, where messages are often contradictory and inconsistent about medical help seeking. Future research should examine additional contextual factors influencing men’s attitudes toward seeking health care, including race, culture, and sexual orientation, as well as seek to develop and evaluate interventions that promote men’s utilization of medical services.
Rapid assessment of the spatial distribution of fragments about the D-shaped structure
Authors: Ding Liangliang , Li Zhenduo , Lu Fangyun , Li Xiangyu
Published: May 2018

The deformable warhead is a common type of anti-missile warheads, and the geometric configuration of deformable warhead is close to D shape under the lateral blast loading of auxiliary charge. In this article, the spatial distribution of fragments is taken as the research object, and an empirical model for evaluating the spatial distribution of fragments is expected to be established. First, the empirical model was designed based on dimensional analysis and quadratic interpolation. Then, three different D-shaped structures (D-90°, D-120°, D-150°) were studied by the numerical simulations and experiments. In order to minimize the influence of the axial sparse waves at both ends, only the middlemost layer of fragments was researched. The relationships among d/ r, sin α, and sin β were obtained (where d represents the initiation distance, α represents the initial position angle, and β represents the scattering angle). With the scattering angle β and target distance l, the spatial distribution of fragments can be deduced. Based on the fitting formula and the parameters of D-shaped structures, the relationships between d/ r, sin α, and sin β of arbitrary D-shaped casing (D- θ) were obtained using quadratic interpolation. Finally, D-105° structure was verified by numerical simulation and empirical formula, both of which coincided well with each other. Therefore, the empirical model can be used to rapidly evaluate the spatial distribution of fragments, especially suitable for the D-shaped structure with a large length–diameter ratio.
Method of tasks and resources matching and analysis for cyber-physical production system
Authors: Jiang Zengqiang , Jin Yang , E Mingcheng , Li Qi
Published: May 2018

A new generation of industrial revolution represented by intelligent manufacturing has come. Multi-product and small batch have become trend in market demands nowadays. Cyber-physical production system is a useful tool to meet this trend by performing tasks intelligently. Since cyber-physical production system performs tasks intelligently and autonomously, tasks and resources should be defined in standardized form in order to be identified and analyzed. Thus, how to define and analyze tasks and resources become the prerequisite for the operation of cyber-physical production system. In this article, a tasks and resources matching and analysis method is proposed for cyber-physical production system. First, the form of process knowledge base is designed, and the method for tasks and resources definition and matching is discussed. Next, the model of system operation logical based on colored Petri net and processing route generation algorithm is built. The parameters forecast method for non-standard processes is designed based on backpropagation neural network. Finally, implementation mechanism and effectiveness of the method are verified by a prototype system.
Extended rapidly exploring random tree–based dynamic path planning and replanning for mobile robots
Authors: Connell Devin , Manh La Hung
Published: May 2018

It is necessary for a mobile robot or even a multi-robot team to be able to efficiently plan a path from its starting or current location to a desired goal location. This is a trivial task when the environment is static. However, the operational environment of the robot is rarely static, and it often has many moving obstacles. The robot may encounter one, or many, of these unknown and unpredictable moving obstacles. The robot will need to decide how to proceed when one of these obstacles is obstructing its path. In this article, a new method of dynamic replanning is proposed to allow the robot to efficiently plan a path in such complex environments. Our proposed replanning method is based on an extended rapidly exploring random tree. The robot will modify its current plan when unknown random moving obstacles obstruct the path. We extend the proposed replanning method to multi-robot scenarios in which the ability to share path planning and search tree information is valuable. An efficient method of node sharing is proposed to allow the multi-robot team to quickly develop path plans. Various experimental results in both single and multi-robot scenarios show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Optimum external wall insulation thickness considering the annual CO2 emissions
Authors: Axaopoulos Ioannis , Axaopoulos Petros , Gelegenis John , Fylladitakis Emmanouil D
Published: May 2018

Increasing the insulation thickness in residential buildings leads to the reduction of operational CO2 emissions but simultaneously increases the embodied CO2 due to the insulation material. The environmentally optimum insulation thickness exists at a point where the total CO2 emissions are minimum. This work presents the optimum insulation thickness for external walls of different composition and orientation, for both the heating and the cooling period. Three different wall types and insulation materials are being presented. The dynamic thermal behavior of the external walls simulation is based on the heat conduction transfer functions method and using the hourly climatic data available for the city of Athens, Greece. The optimization methodology uses a single objective function approach, combining the simulation of the thermal behavior of external walls with an optimization algorithm. The results indicate that the optimum insulation thickness varies from 11.2 to 23.4 cm and is different for each orientation, wall type, and insulation material. In addition, the total annual CO2 emissions per unit area of the wall can be reduced by 63.2%–72.2%, depending on the insulation material and its position on the wall.
Factors leading to immersion in obsessions
Authors: Wong Shiu F. , Grisham Jessica R.
Published: May 2018

The inference-based approach (IBA) is a cognitive account of the etiology and maintenance of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). According to the IBA, individuals with OCD confuse an imagined possibility with an actual probability, which leads them to become immersed in their obsessions. To investigate the relationship between OCD and the cognitive factors proposed to add to immersion, we used the Choice Blindness Paradigm (CBP). This paradigm is an experimental reasoning task designed to induce confabulatory reasoning. Undergraduate participants with high levels of OCD symptoms ( n = 29) were compared to those with low levels of OCD symptoms ( n = 32) with respect to their performance on the CBP. Compared to low-OCD participants, the results indicated that high-OCD participants were more certain (one aspect of immersion) when reasoning about falsely occurring events. However, the cognitive factors proposed by the IBA to underpin immersion did not mediate the relationship between OCD status and certainty regarding false events. Replication and refinement of the current study will help to determine the significance of these cognitive factors in obsessions.
Hating waiting
Authors: Tanovic Ema , Hajcak Greg , Joormann Jutta
Published: May 2018

Difficulty tolerating uncertainty has been linked to heightened negative affect and risk for various forms of psychopathology. Willingness to tolerate uncertainty is usually assessed by self-report but investigating behavior under uncertainty may be particularly informative. This study examined whether willingness to wait in uncertainty is related to individual differences in impulsivity, anxiety, and emotion regulation. Students ( n = 56) completed an uncertain gambling task in which they chose between a small, low-probability reward available immediately and a larger, higher probability reward available after an uncertain delay. The distribution of the data indicated two groups: those who always waited and those who did not. Non-waiters compared to waiters were characterized by higher levels of delay discounting, neuroticism, inhibitory intolerance of uncertainty, and worry. They also reported more tension following the task than did waiters. Among non-waiters, greater delay discounting was associated with less willingness to wait in uncertainty. These findings suggest a link between compromised decision-making under uncertainty and heightened risk for psychopathology.
A unique combination of Rosai-Dorfman disease and mycosis fungoides: a case report
Authors: Shelley Amanda J , Kanigsberg Nordau
Published: May 2018

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare histiocytic condition of unknown etiology. Patients with RDD classically present with massive painless cervical lymphadenopathy. However, extra-nodal disease occurs in approximately 40% of cases, with the skin being among the most commonly involved sites. Patients with isolated extra-nodal involvement may present without adenopathy. Reports of RDD occurring in patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and B-cell lymphoma have been published, but there has only been one previous report of RDD in a patient with a T-cell lymphoma. This case report documents a unique combination of RDD and mycosis fungoides (MF), a cutaneous T cell lymphoma. This report also highlights diagnostic challenges in RDD due to the rarity of the condition and its variable presentation.
L-citrulline supplementation in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infant: A case report
Authors: Lauterbach Ryszard , Pawlik Dorota , Lauterbach Jan Paweł
Published: May 2018

Introduction:

the aim of this case report is to present that oral L-citrulline supplementation may attenuate chronic pulmonary hypertension and reduce oxygen requirement in infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Important clinical findings:

a boy, with a birth weight of 700 g, born by cesarean section after 25 weeks of pregnancy complicated with preeclampsia, was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. He was ventilatory dependent for the next 3 months with significantly increased oxygen requirements. A severe stage of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, complicated with increased pulmonary vascular resistance, was diagnosed. Treatment with inhaled nitric oxide and oral sildenafil was included in the therapy of chronic pulmonary hypertension. The results of screening echocardiograms and increased plasma brain natriuretic peptide concentrations, suggested right ventricle dysfunction.

The main intervention:

at the beginning of the sixth month of hospitalization, oral supplementation of L-citrulline in a single dose of 150 mg/kg/day was introduced and continued for 70 days. During the first 3 weeks after L-citrulline was started, the patient was weaned from mechanical ventilation and he was never intubated again until he was discharged. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide concentrations decreased significantly during the first month of L-citrulline administration and became stable until the termination of L-citrulline supplementation. At discharge, the patient required 22%–25% concentration of oxygen supplemented intermittently, exclusively during feeding.

Conclusion:

these results indicate that L-citrulline supplementation may deserve coverage as an additional, potentially beneficial alternative in the prophylaxis or therapy of chronic pulmonary hypertension in newborns.
Populist referendum: Was ‘Brexit’ an expression of nativist and anti-elitist sentiment?
Authors: Iakhnis Evgeniia , Rathbun Brian , Reifler Jason , Scotto Thomas J.
Published: May 2018

Was the outcome of the United Kingdom’s ‘Brexit’ referendum to leave the European Union a visible and consequential manifestation of right-wing populism? After all, skepticism in the UK towards the EU predates the recent rise of European right wing populism. Original survey data show, however, that the interaction of nativist sentiment and anti-elitist attitudes, the cocktail of right-wing populism, led to widespread support for Brexit, even while controlling for other factors. Although hostility to immigrants was an important factor, nativists were particularly prone to vote ‘leave’; if they also did not trust political elites, a crucial element of populism. Further underscoring this explanation is the conditional effect of anti-elite sentiment. The relationship between anti-elite sentiment and support for leaving the EU only exists among those with high nativist sentiment; among those low in nativist sentiment, anti-elite feelings did not increase support for Brexit.
Novel treatment using topical malachite green for nasal phaeohyphomycosis caused by a new Cladophialophora species in a cat
Authors: Brooks Ian J , Walton Stuart A , Shmalberg Justin , Harris Autumn
Published: May 2018

Case summary

A 1.5-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat presented with a 2 month history of progressive nasal swelling and hyporexia. Minimal improvement prior to referral was achieved with a course of antibiotics and glucocorticoids. Cytology of an ulcerative lesion on the dorsal aspect of the nose was consistent with a diagnosis of phaeohyphomycosis. The cat achieved static disease for 6 weeks following initiation of itraconazole but developed epistaxis at 9 weeks. CT of the head demonstrated nasal and frontal sinus involvement. Nasal biopsy and culture identified infection with a Cladophialophora species not previously reported to cause disease. Initial response to a combination of itraconazole and terbinafine was noted, but owing to severe thrombocytopenia this combination was discontinued. Voriconazole was used but discontinued because of adverse side effects. Posaconazole treatment was offered throughout the clinical course but rejected owing to financial constraints and an uncertain response to medical therapy. Rhinotomy with debulking of diseased tissue and topical malachite green treatment was performed. Following the procedure itraconazole was continued and the cat has had no recurrence for over 1 year.

Relevance and novel information

Infections by Cladophialophora species have been reported in veterinary species, including cats. The specific fungal organism isolated from this cat has not been previously reported to cause disease in humans or animals and has only been described in the mangroves of Brazil. Furthermore, this is the first report to describe the use of topical malachite green as a treatment for refractory phaeohyphomycosis.
Morel-Lavallée lesions: a phenomenon in cats? Case report and review of the literature
Authors: McGhie Jayne A , Gibson Ian D , Herndon Aaron M
Published: May 2018

Case summary

A 3-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat sustained a severe sacrococcygeal luxation post-motor vehicle trauma. Six days post-trauma, a fluid-filled swelling was noticed over the caudoventral abdomen and inguinal regions. Needle aspiration, closed suction drain placement and debridement with subcutaneous tacking were all attempted but failed to resolve the continued accumulation of serosanguinous lymphocyte-rich fluid in the subcutaneous pocket. Clinical resolution was ultimately achieved after surgical debridement and omentalisation of the lesion.

Relevance and novel information

Morel-Lavallée lesions are post-trauma closed soft tissue degloving injuries described infrequently in people. The avulsion of subcutaneous tissue from deep muscle fascia results in the accumulation of haemolymph and necrotic fat, which can persist for several days to months after the inciting incident. In people, they are commonly seen in the proximal thigh. This article proposes the existence of Morel-Lavallée lesions in cats.
Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs among Intellectually Disabled in Madurai
Authors: Dheepthasri S. , Taranath M. , Garla Bharath Kumar , Karuppaiah Muthu , Umesh  , Sangeeta
Published: May 2018

Aim:

The aim of the study was to assess the oral health status and treatment needs among intellectually disabled (ID) people in Madurai city.

Objectives:

To evaluate the oral health status and treatment needs among ID people in Madurai city.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 133 ID people obtaining training at special schools in Madurai. After obtaining the parental consent of the participants, oral health was assessed using World Health Organization (WHO) proforma 1997 and oral hygiene level was assessed using Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S). Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, version 22.0 for Windows).

Results:

The result of the present study shows higher prevalence of oral problems in mentally retarded subjects with 31.6% periodontal disease, 49.6% dental caries, and 39.1% poor oral hygiene status, among the study participants.

Conclusion:

This study gives sufficient evidence to suggest that the oral health status of this disabled population was poor, and there was an increased unmet dental treatment needs.
Arthroscopic Treatment of Shoulder Instability With Glenoid Bone Loss Using Distal Tibial Allograft Augmentation: Safety Profile and Short-Term Radiological Outcomes
Authors: Amar Eyal , Konstantinidis George , Coady Catherine , Wong Ivan H.
Published: May 2018

Background:

The results of arthroscopic anterior labral repair have demonstrated high failure rates in patients with significant glenoid bone loss. Several reconstruction procedures using a bone graft have been developed to overcome bone loss.

Purpose:

The primary objective of this study was to generate a safety profile for arthroscopic anatomic glenoid reconstruction using a distal tibial allograft. The secondary objective was to evaluate the radiological outcomes of patients who underwent this procedure.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

This retrospective review included the medical charts and diagnostic images of 42 consecutive patients who underwent arthroscopic shoulder stabilization by means of capsule-labral reattachment and bony augmentation with a distal tibial allograft. The safety profile was measured by detecting intraoperative or postoperative complications, including neurovascular (nerves and blood vessels) injuries, bleeding, infections, and dislocations. A radiological evaluation was conducted by assessing computed tomography (CT) scans obtained preoperatively and at approximately 6 months postoperatively.

Results:

A total of 42 patients (29 male, 13 female) with a mean age of 26.73 ± 9.01 years were included. An excellent safety profile was observed, with no intraoperative complications, neurovascular injuries, adverse events, bleeding, or infections. CT bone scans were obtained for 31 patients, and the mean follow-up for CT scanning (to measure resorption and union) was 6.31 ± 1.20 months (range, 6-7.5 months). There were no cases of nonunion or partial union. Thirteen patients (42%) had no resorption, whereas 13 (42%) and 5 (16%) patents had <50% and ≥50% resorption, respectively.

Conclusion:

Arthroscopic shoulder stabilization with distal tibial allograft reconstruction is a safe operative procedure with a minimal risk to neurovascular structures. Most patients had a healed allograft, but 16% of patients had ≥50% resorption on CT at 6 months. Studies with a longer follow-up are recommended for better assessment of the safety profile.
Ethical branding as a discoursive resource for employee identity work: A case study
Authors: Wegerer Philipp K.
Published: May 2018

In recent years literature studying the use of corporate branding in the control of corporate culture has emerged, but as yet there is scant research on the relationship between branding and employee identity. This study addresses this research gap by analysing the effects of an ethical brand on the identity work of employees. Respondents were found to adopt the discourse of the brand in the construction of their identity projects. The empirical findings reveal that in the case of branding, specific modes of identity work appear to be far more influential than others. In particular it was observed that in the case study the brand informs the three modes of identity work: (1) ‘self-definition by delimitation’ (2) ‘self-definition as morally superior’ and (3) ‘providing a common sense of mission’.
Volume source-based extended waveform inversion
Authors: Huang Guanghui , Nammour Rami , Symes William W.
Published: May 2018

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) faces the persistent challenge of cycle skipping, which can result in stagnation of the iterative methods at uninformative models with poor data fit. Extended reformulations of FWI avoid cycle skipping through adding auxiliary parameters to the model so that a good data fit can be maintained throughout the inversion process. The volume-based matched source waveform inversion algorithm introduces source parameters by relaxing the location constraint of source energy: It is permitted to spread in space, while being strictly localized at time [Formula: see text]. The extent of source energy spread is penalized by weighting the source energy with distance from the survey source location. For transmission data geometry (crosswell, diving wave, etc.) and transparent (nonreflecting) acoustic models, this penalty function is stable with respect to the data-frequency content, unlike the standard FWI objective. We conjecture that the penalty function is actually convex over much larger region in model space than is the FWI objective. Several synthetic examples support this conjecture and suggest that the theoretical limitation to pure transmission is not necessary: The inversion method can converge to a solution of the inverse problem in the absence of low-frequency data from an inaccurate initial velocity model even when reflections and refractions are present in the data along with transmitted energy.
Joint Bayesian inversion based on rock-physics prior modeling for the estimation of spatially correlated reservoir properties
Authors: de Figueiredo Leandro Passos , Grana Dario , Bordignon Fernando Luis , Santos Marcio , Roisenberg Mauro , Rodrigues Bruno B.
Published: May 2018

The joint inversion of seismic data for elastic and petrophysical properties is an inverse problem with a nonunique solution. There are several factors that impact the accuracy of the results, such as the statistical rock-physics relations and observation errors. We have developed a general methodology to incorporate a linearized rock-physics model in a multivariate multimodal prior distribution for Bayesian seismic linearized inversion. The prior distribution is used to define a mixture model for elastic and petrophysical properties and introduce physics-based correlations between the properties. Using the rock-physics prior model and a convolutional seismic forward model in the Bayesian inversion framework, we obtain an analytical expression of the spatially independent conditional distributions to be used as a proposal distribution in a Gibbs sampling algorithm. We then combine the sampling algorithm with geostatistical simulation methods to compute the spatially correlated posterior distribution of the model parameters. We apply our method to a real angle-stack seismic data set to generate multiple geostatistical realizations of facies, P-velocity, S-velocity, density, porosity, and water saturation. The method is validated through a blind well test and a comparison with the standard Bayesian linearized inversion.