bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of complex surfaces of propellers of vehicles by a mechatronic profilograph
Authors:   I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University, Cheboksary, Russian Federation, Vasiliev Sergey , Alekseev Viktor ,   I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University, Cheboksary, Russian Federation, Fedorova Alyona ,   I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University, Cheboksary, Russian Federation, Lobanov Dmitry ,   I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University, Cheboksary, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The technology of investigation of screw propellers complex surfaces, which include the marine and aircraft propellers of vehicles, mechatronic profilers for the implementation of reverse engineering, is considered. A review of the scientific literature shows that at present the problem of monitoring complex surfaces of products at various stages of its life cycle requires further research, since the use of available devices and methods does not always provide the necessary accuracy, technological effectiveness and sufficient information on measurements. The purpose of the work is to develop a new technology for studying complex surfaces of propellers, which include marine and aircraft propellers of vehicles by means of a mechatronic profilograph to implement reverse engineering. Methods. The paper considers the implementation of the innovative technology for studying complex surfaces of propellers using the developed mechatronic profilograph. This ingenious mechatronic profilograph is designed to measure the profile and study the shape of complex surfaces of various products, as well as to determine the geometric and morphological parameters of these surfaces. On the basis of theoretical studies the main design and technological parameters are found and the hyperbolic dependence of the angular rate of the laser sensor movement on the scanning radius is determined for the developed mechatronic profilograph. For example, if a constant pitch of the trajectory along the Archimedes spiral is 2 mm, the value of the sensor angular rate should gradually decrease from the maximum value of 2 rad/s to the minimum value of 0.574 rad/s, i.e. by 3.484 times. Results and discussion. It is revealed that the use of cylindrical coordinates for processing the obtained data by a profilograph is logical and has a number of advantages. An express analysis of the propeller surfaces with rotary symmetry is carried out and differences in the shapes of the surfaces of the propeller blades by deviation values in the longitudinal and transverse directions for different radii are established. On the basis of the experimental data, a two-factor power model describing deviations with a determination coefficient of 0.967 is obtained, according to its analysis, it is clear that on average the angle of deviation in the perpendicular direction to the radius  - increases from 0 to 0.3, and the angle of deviation along the radius  increases from 0 to 5.4.
LEGAL REGULATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ROBOTICS: CONCEPTS AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors:   Russian State Academy of Intellectual Property (Moscow, Russian Federation), Aliyev Tigran T.
Published: December 2021

More recently, the idea of a robot among laypeople was at the level of an "exhibition piece" that had little or no connection to real life, but rather was part of a theoretically possible future. But with the passage of time and the development of technology, artificial intelligence has been introduced into people's everyday lives: smartphones, robots that help and facilitate human life, electronic assistants in various kinds of services. At the same time, the relation-ship between robots and humans is still largely unregulated by law. The probability of unpre-dictable consequences is growing exponentially. In order to reduce the risk of such adverse consequences, the need for legal regulations plays a key role, the content of which is being reviewed and developed by leading lawyers and engineers. The Industrial Revolution changed the very notion of the ways and means of production in the minds of the masses in such a way that the process of robotisation and the introduction of artificial intelligence into various spheres of life became inevitable. Later on it was under-stood that human influence on production process began to decrease noticeably and was re-placed by programs, which with the help of digital algorithms determined behavior of robots and character of artificial intellect thinking. Russian legislation faced the task of legal assess-ment of the nature of artificial intelligence and regulation of its use. The article analyzes possible ways of disclosing the concept "artificial intelligence" as a legal category and its correlation to the concept "robot", deals with questions of legal respon-sibility for the work of artificial intelligence, studies the possibility of recognition of a robot possessing artificial intelligence as a subject of law. Purpose of work is to propose ways of legislation development in conditions of digitalisa-tion and introduction of artificial intelligence in everyday life. The topic of legal regulation of artificial intelligence and robotics is investigated on a scientific basis. The scientific basis of this article was formed on the basis of scientific works of foreign scientists (Higgins T., Musk I., Calo R., Frumkin A.M., Kerr I., Pagallo W., Walker J.). The scientific development of the content of this article was based on general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, generalization, statistics, induction and deduction, interpretation, classification and comparative methods.
Програмування процесу навчання техніки удару ногою в сторону «йоко гері кекомі» хлопців 10 років
Authors: Літвін Артур , Марченко Світлана
Published: December 2021

Мета дослідження – експериментально встановити оптимальні умови навантаження для побудови серії навчальних завдань спрямованих на засвоєння вправи «Удар ногою в сторону «йоко гері кекомі» на середньому рівні «чудан». Матеріали і методи. У дослідженні взяли участь 32 хлопці 10 років. Діти та їхні батьки були інформовані про всі особливості дослідження і дали згоду на участь в експерименті. Для вирішення поставлених завдань були використані методи дослідження: вивчення та аналіз науково-методичної літератури, педагогічне спостереження, хронометраж навчальних завдань, педагогічний експеримент, методи математичної статистики, методи математичного планування експерименту. У процесі навчання використовувався метод алгоритмічних розпоряджень. Результати. Перевірка однорідності дисперсій за допомогою критерію Кохрена показала, що у всіх чотирьох вибірках розбіжність між дисперсіями вважається випадковою для обраного рівня значимості 0,05. В усіх серіях виконується умова Gр<G0,05(7.4), досліди вважаються відтворюваними а оцінки дисперсій однорідними. Побудовані математичні моделі адекватно описують отримані дані (Fр<Fкр). Признається статистична значущість моделі та надійність рівняння регресії. Дисперсійний аналіз виявив процентний вплив предикторів (Х1, Х2) в серіях програми навчання удару ногою в сторону «йоко гері кекомі»: 1 серія – Х1 (63,8%), Х2 (24,0%, негативний); 2 серія – Х1 (69,0%); 3 серія – Х1 (62,6%), Х1Х2 (27,4%); 4 серія – Х1 (74,6%), Х2 (21,6%, негативний); 5 серія – Х1 (91,0%), Х1Х2 (6,4%); 6 серія – Х1 (84,8%), Х2 (10,3%). Висновки. Для раціональної організації процесу навчання удару ногою в сторону «йоко гері кекомі» на середньому рівні «чудан» хлопців 10 років за програмою алгоритмічних розпоряджень, рекомендуємо дотримуватись наступного режиму навантаження: 1 серія – 4 підходи, інтервал відпочинку 60 с; 2 серія – 4 підходи, інтервал відпочинку 60 – 120 с; 3 серія – 4 підходи, інтервал відпочинку 120 с; 4 серія – 4 підходи, інтервал відпочинку 60 с; 5 серія – 4 підходи, інтервал відпочинку 120 с; 6 серія – 4 підходи, інтервал відпочинку 120 с.
SARS-CoV-2 McGill Nextera Flex sequencing protocol_Lunascript_ARTIC.V3_5uLRT v1
Authors: J Reiling Sarah , Simon Marie-Michelle , Roy Anne-Marie , Chen Shu-Huang , Ragoussis Ioannis
Published: December 2021

How the Nextera DNA Flex Assay Works The Nextera DNA Flex library prep kit uses a bead-based transposome complex to tagment genomic DNA, which is a process that fragments DNA and then tags the DNA with adapter sequences in one step. After it is saturated with input DNA, the bead-based transposome complex fragments a set number of DNA molecules. This fragmentation provides flexibility to use a wide DNA input range to generate normalized libraries of consistent tight fragment size distribution. Following tagmentation, a limited-cycle PCR adds Nextera DNA Flex-specific index adapter sequences to the ends of a DNA fragment. This step enables capability across all Illumina sequencing platforms. A subsequent Sample Purification Beads (SPB) cleanup step then purifies libraries for use on an Illumina sequencer. The double-stranded DNAlibrary is denatured before hybridization of the biotin probe oligonucleotide pool. PCR Amplicons for Nextera Flex When starting with PCR amplicons, the PCR amplicon must be > 150 bp. The standard clean up protocol depletes libraries < 500 bp. Therefore, Illumina recommends that amplicons < 500 bp undergo a 1.8 x sample purification bead volume ratio to supernatant during Clean Up Libraries on page 11. Shorter amplicons can otherwise be lost during the library cleanup step. Tagmentation cannot add an adapter directly to the distal end of a fragment, so a drop in sequencing coverage of ~50 bp from each distal end is expected. To ensure sufficient coverage of the amplicon target region, design primers to extend beyond the target region by 50 bp per end. More information can be found here: https://emea.support.illumina.com/content/dam/illumina-support/documents/documentation/chemistry_documentation/samplepreps_nextera/nextera_dna_flex/nextera-dna-flex-library-prep-reference-guide-1000000025416-07.pdf
Interação água e saúde global: uma questão bioética
Authors: Rosaneli Caroline  Filla , Fischer Marta Luciane , Sganzerla Anor , Neto Alberto Paulo
Published: December 2021

A busca por saúde global exige a garantia de acesso aos recursos essenciais para o desenvolvimento da vida humana. O acesso à água potável constitui uma forma de relação ética entre os cidadãos e seus governantes. Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender como tem sido o diálogo no âmbito científico a respeito do uso ético da água e seus impactos à saúde global. Busca-se metodologicamente analisar o comprometimento dos diferentes atores e ciências nas questões éticas em relação ao uso da água, bem como de políticas públicas de educação em saúde, primordial para a superação das atuais vulnerabilidades. Como desfecho interpreta-se que a água e a saúde humana são codependentes, consequentemente não podem ser negligenciadas. Além disso, como recurso finito, a água torna ainda mais urgente o debate ético, pois é preciso garantir esse direito humano para todos.
Impacto de la Pandemia por COVID-19 en Educación Física: Limitaciones Percibidas y Propuestas de Mejora
Authors: Cuenca-Soto Nuria , Santos-Pastor María Luisa , Chiva-Bartoll Oscar , Martínez-Muñoz Luis Fernando
Published: December 2021

La pandemia provocada por la COVID-19 ha generado que la Educación Física esté sujeta a una serie de adaptaciones, en forma de medidas sanitarias y de distanciamiento social, que podrían estar comprometiendo la calidad educativa de la materia. Este estudio aspira a conocer y comprender cuáles son las principales limitaciones percibidas por el profesorado español de Educación Física en los niveles de Educación Primaria y Secundaria. Para ello se ha seguido un diseño cualitativo de corte etnográfico-interpretativo, en el que participaron trece docentes de distintas Comunidades Autónomas y niveles educativos. La técnica de recogida de información fue la entrevista semiestructurada y el análisis de contenido siguió un proceso cíclico y circular. Los resultados se concretan en tres áreas temáticas: (1) La adaptación de la Educación Física a las medidas sanitarias-educativas de la COVID-19; (2) El proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Educación Física en el nuevo escenario; y (3) El rol del docente de Educación Física ante la situación de la pandemia. Por último, en base a las principales limitaciones y dificultades detectadas, el texto ofrece una serie de recomendaciones con las que previsiblemente algunos de los problemas experimentados podrían verse atenuados.
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-IA) adapted for HIV: Psychometric properties, sensitivity & specificity in depressive episodes, adjustment disorder & without symptomatology
Authors: Rodríguez-Pérez Víctor , Piñeirua Menéndez Alicia , Ramírez-Rentería Claudia , Mata Marín José Antonio
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-IA) is the most widely used instrument for assessing depression symptoms. Although it has been validated in the Mexican population, it has not been tested in people living with HIV (PLWH), who tend to have symptoms difficult to distinguish from those associated with viral infection. Objective. We obtained the psychometric properties, sensitivity, specificity, and cut-off points to distinguish between a depressive episode, adjustment disorder and no symptoms. Method. Prospective study with 2,022 PLWH (88% men), who completed the BDI-IA between 2016 and 2017. Subjects had a mean age of 31.9 ± 9.3 years, with 12.0 ± 5.6 years of schooling, and 4.5 ± 4.3 years since diagnosis. The differentiation of items, internal consistency, factor analysis, and calculation of sensitivity and specificity were tested. Results. A Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of .91 was obtained. Through factorial analysis with orthogonal rotation (average intercorrelations r = .40, KMO .929), we obtained three factors: general factor of depression, somatic, and cognition, which explained 39.7%, 6.01%, and 5.49% of the variance, respectively. Only the items in the first factor (the short version with 12 items) were tested. With a cut-off point of 11, it had 85.5% sensitivity and 76% specificity [(AUC) = .865, 95% CI [.83, .90], p ≤ .001], and distinguished major depressive disorder from cases without mental symptoms. Discussion and conclusion. We show that the short version of the BDI-IA is reliable, valid, sensitive, and specific for evaluating depression symptoms comorbid with HIV infection.
Evaluation of the first-night effect of polysomnographic recording on cardiac autonomic activity in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Mateos Salgado Erik Leonardo , Ayala Guerrero Fructuoso , Rueda Santos Alexis de Jesús , del Olmo Alcántara Beatriz Eugenia
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The first night effect (FNE) is the tendency to have lower than usual sleep quality and quantity during the first polysomnography (PSG) recording, which alters sleep architecture. The FNE occurs in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), with studies suggesting that cardiac autonomic dysregulation is altered in patients with this illness. Objective. To determine whether the FNE influences the autonomic activity of ASD and typically developing (TD) children. Method. Two PSGs were recorded in 13 ASD and 13 TD children. The FNE was evaluated with eight sleep variables and autonomic activity through respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and low frequency (LF). Statistical analyses included intra- and inter-subject comparisons. Results. The FNE was present in both groups and affected more sleep variables in the ASD group. There were no significant differences between both recordings in RSA and LF. Inter-subject comparison showed significant differences in certain sleep variables, mainly during the first night. A comparison of RSA and LF between N2 and N3 stages and REM sleep showed that the TD group had significant differences in both measures whereas the ASD group only did so in the LF the first night. Discussion and conclusion. The influence of the FNE on the quantitative characteristics of sleep is corroborated in ASD and TD children, but not in RSA or LF. When the activity of the RSA and LF between sleep stages was considered, a different pattern was observed between the two PSG recordings.
Pooling Endocervical Samples for Chlamydia Trachomatis Diagnosis by Polymerase Chain Reaction: Cost Saving Strategy for Epidemiological and Screening Studies
Authors: Shipitsina E. V. , Savitsheva A. M. , Bashmakova M. A. , Shalepo К. V. , Domeika M.
Published: December 2021

The technique of pooling endocervical samples for PCR detection of C. trachomatis was developed and compared with individual testing. The efficiency of pooling strategy was evaluated for its accuracy and cost saving ability. Population prevalence based on pooled data was estimated. 1. 500 endocervical samples were tested individually and pooled by 5 (300 pools) and 10 (150 pools) specimens. The sensitivity and specificity of PCR was not affected by pooling either by 5 or by 10 samples. The estimated prevalence was 6. 1% (95% CI: 4,5-7,7) and 6,0% (95% CI: 4,3-7,) for pooling by 5 and 10, respectively. The prevalence of 6. 6% determined by individual testing (99 of 1. 500) was within 95% CI of the estimated prevalence for pooling by 5 and 10. The used pooling strategy has resulted in 53. 3 and 44. 0% cost savings, when endocervical samples were pooled by 5 and 10, respectively. Thus, pooling endocervical samples for detection of C. trachomatis is an accurate and cost saving approach for realization of large-scale studies.
The Key Sanal Gerçeklik Deneyimi Üzerine Bir Analiz
Authors: DÖNMEZ Servet Can
Published: December 2021

Tarih boyunca gerçeğe ulaşma çabası içerisinde olan insanlık, bu sorunsalına çağlar boyunca değişen
ve gelişen anlatılar ve araçlar ile yanıtlar aramıştır. Kullanılan araçlar değiştikçe anlatıların kodları da
değişime uğramıştır. Gerçeklik arayışı değişen insanlık artık günümüzde gelişen dijital teknoloji ile kendi
gerçekliğini yaratmaya başlamıştır. İlk çağlardan bugüne gerçekliğe ve onun kökenine atfedilen tüm sorular
ve yanıtlar bugün dijital olarak üretilebilen gerçeklikler üzerinden farklı bir boyut kazanmıştır. Buradan
hareketle bu çalışmada sinemada kullanılan biçem analizinin sanal gerçekliğe uyarlanması ile bir analiz
gerçekleştirilecektir. Çalışmada The Key sanal gerçeklik içeriği analiz edilecektir. İçerikte savaştan kaçan
bir mültecilerin kızın başından geçen olaylara odaklanılmakta ve bu olaylar sanal gerçeklik teknolojisi ile
kullanıcıya aktarılmaya çalışılmaktadır. Analizde sanal gerçeklik anlatısının kodlarına ve yapısına ilişkin
sorulara yanıtlar aranmıştır. Analiz sonucunda The Key sanal gerçeklik içeriğinin empati yaratma ve
deneyimleri aktarma konusunda başarılı olduğu görülmüştür. İnteraktivite ve kullanıcı katılımı noktasında
ise aksamalara eksikliklere rastlanmıştır. Bu eksikler sanal gerçekliğin en temel yeteneklerinden birisi olan
etkileşim ve katılım noktasında içeriğin zayıf kalmasına neden olmaktadır. Genel olarak bakıldığında ise
mevcut eksikliklerine rağmen kurgu ve akış noktasındaki başarılı yapısı ile etkili ve yeterli bir içerik olduğu
sonucuna varılmıştır.
O NÃO-SER: A DECADÊNCIA DA LINGUAGEM NA PERSONAGEM MACABÉA, EM - A HORA DA ESTRELA, DE CLARICE LISPECTOR
Authors: Rodrigues Maria Aparecida , Leão Edna Gomes de Sousa
Published: December 2021

Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar a obra A Hora da Estrela, de Clarice Lispector, tratando de questões ontológicas com perspectivas questionadoras acerca do homem moderno que se posiciona e daquele que se esconde ou cala-se na vida. E embora calando-se, ainda assim, fala-se muito ou o necessário para que se denuncie uma estrutura de sistema que oprime, reprime e comprime o sujeito no mais recôndito de si, em ser-no-mundo. Simultaneamente, é uma prática para que se escute a fala daquele que pronuncia, e mais ainda, que se ouça o silêncio daquele que se cala, referenciando-o como um não-ser, que por sua vez, também, é construído. As teorias que subsidiarão tais discursões terão como base a linguagem enquanto constituição do ser defendida por Martins Heidegger e a Vontade como perspectiva de inerência ao homem, teoria essa abordada por Arthur Schopenhauer.
The Unwritten License: The Social License to Operate in Latin America's Extractive Sector
Authors: Balza Lenin , Díaz Lina M. , Gómez Parra Nicolás , Manzano Osmel
Published: December 2021

The Latin America and the Caribbean region has benefited significantly from economic growth driven by the extractive sector. At the same time, the region has experienced high levels of conflicts related to this sector. This paper presents an overview of citizens' perceptions of the extractive industries in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. Using a representative sample for each country, we identify regional and country-specific determinants of the Social License to Operate (SLO). The SLO is an unwritten license of social approval accorded to extractive projects by citizens. In this paper, we investigate a generalized version of the SLO, capturing public sentiment toward the mining and the oil and gas sectors in general. While our findings confirm that perceptions vary across countries, we show that governance is the strongest predictor of trust between citizens and the extractive sector, which is consistent with the evidence in the literature. In addition, procedural justice, distributive justice, and nationalism play essential roles in shaping individuals' attitudes. These findings suggest that strengthening government institutions could contribute to the prevention of conflict around extractive industries.
A first notice of the goniodromitid crab from the Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) cold seep deposit of Hokkaido, Japan, with the redescription of Sabellidromites inflata (Collins and Karasawa, 1993) (Decapoda: Goniodromitidae)
Authors: Karasawa Hiroaki , Kano Manabu
Published: December 2021

Goniodromites sp. (Brachyura: Dromiacea: Goniodromitidae) is described from the Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) cold seep sediment in the Middle Yezo Group of Hokkaido, Japan. This species is the first recognition of the genus and family from the Cretaceous chemosynthetic communities, and represents the second record of a decapod from the fossil chemosynthetic communities in Japan. In addition, Sabellidromites inflata (Collins and Karasawa, 1993), a poorly known goniodromitid crab is redescribed.
New hermit crabs (Paguroidea, Anomura) from the Eocene of Huesca, Spain
Authors: Ferratges Fernando A. , Artal Pedro , Zamora Samuel
Published: December 2021

A new genus and two new species of fossil hermit crabs (Anomura, Paguroidea) are described from the southern Pyrenean basins (Huesca, NE Spain). Parapetrochirus nov. with P. robustus n. gen., n. sp., as type species, comes from the lower Eocene (Ypresian) Roda Formation. It preserves both chelipeds exhibiting a notable heterochely, a larger left cheliped and a concavity without granulation in the inner upper portions. Eocalcinus gerardbretoni n. sp. comes from the highest levels of the Arguis Formation (Priabonian) in Yeste locality. This species is characterized by a hemispherical outline and a sinuous lower margin of the chela, which differs from the type species of the genus. The cheliped morphology of such species allows inclusion in the families Diogenidae and Calcinidae, respectively. Fossil paguroids are relatively rare in the Eocene of Spain, therefore, the description of these two new taxa increases the known diversity of this group. Parapetrochirus robustus n. gen., n. sp. inhabited siliciclastic substrates within a prodelta environment and E. gerardbretoni n. sp. was collected from the last levels of coral rudstones just below the continental influence of Yeste-Arrés Formation.
Análisis hidrogeoquímico-multivariado del agua subterránea del sistema acuífero del Valle Medio del Magdalena, Colombia: Estudio a escala regional
Authors: Malagón Juan Pablo , Piña Adriana , Argüello Sebastián , Donado Leonardo David
Published: December 2021

Para identificar los principales procesos geoquímicos que determinan la composición química y la calidad del agua subterránea del Sistema Acuífero del Valle Medio del Magdalena – Colombia (SAVMM), se creó una base de datos con las caracterizaciones fisicoquímicas disponibles en las diferentes entidades gubernamentales y privadas ubicadas en el área de estudio. En total se recopilaron 2207 caracterizadores fisicoquímicas para el periodo comprendidos entre los años 2005 a 2014. Para este estudio se conservaron las muestras que estuvieran completas, no tuvieran errores de transcripción y que tuvieran un error analítico menor o igual a +/- 10 %. El número de caracterizaciones que resultaron válidas fueron 140. Se utilizaron métodos gráficos, hidroquímicos y estadísticos, para la comprensión de los procesos geoquímicos. De acuerdo con el análisis del diagrama de Piper se observó que el tipo de agua bicarbonatada cálcica es la facie hidrogeoquímica dominante a lo largo del área de estudio, seguida por la del tipo bicarbonatada sódica y clorurada sódica. El estudio se complementó haciendo un análisis estadístico multivariado, incluyendo un Análisis de Componentes Principales (ACP) y Análisis de Agrupamiento Jerárquico (AAJ). Con el ACP, se determinaron tres componentes principales que representan el 59.4% de la variabilidad de los datos y con el AAJ se obtuvieron 6 grupos que representan las 140 caracterizaciones fisicoquímicas. La geología e hidrogeología del área de estudio se correlacionó con los resultados del ACP y del AAJ, identificando así 3 procesos geoquímicos principales que determinan la química del agua subterránea en el SAVMM: 1) Recarga - infiltración de agua meteórica, 2) Disolución - interacción del agua con silicatos y carbonatos 3) Alteración Antropogénica – contaminación por el desarrollo de actividades industriales realizadas en el área de estudio.
First fossil Schizopteridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) in Miocene amber from Chiapas, Mexico
Authors: Cifuentes-Ruiz Paulina , Brailovsky Harry , Serrano-Sánchez María de Lourdes , Vega Francisco J.
Published: December 2021

A new genus and species of Hypselosomatinae (Heteroptera: Dipsocoromorpha), Hypsotsijilia bretoni Cifuentes-Ruiz and Brailovsky gen. nov., sp. nov. is herein described based on a female specimen. It represents the first fossil record of Schizopteridae in the early Miocene amber from Chiapas, Mexico. It is compared with related taxa and the estuarine paleoenvironment is discussed, matching the one previously cited for the subfamily in other estuarine amber deposits.
Анализ потенциальной продуктивности травянистой растительности овражно-балочных комплексов Белгородской области
Authors: Чернявских В.И. , Думачева Е.В. , Дегтярь О.В. , Дегтярь А.В. , Бородаева Ж.А.
Published: December 2021

Биологическая продуктивность экосистем – важнейший результирующий показатель характеризующий скорость формирования биомассы, в основе которого лежит эффективность использования энергии Солнца в процессе фотосинтеза. В Ботаническом саду НИУ «БелГУ» начиная с 2003 года ведется активная работа по изучению продуктивности степного биома в целом и отдельных его составляющих. Наиболее интенсивно ведётся исследование продуктивности естественных фитоценозов овражно-балочных комплексов, имеющих широкое распространение в регионе. На фоне изменяющейся антропогенной нагрузки и климатических изменений большое значение приобретает мониторинг продуктивности растительных сообществ, особенно в условиях неустойчивого состояния территорий со сложным рельефом. Проведенное изучение состояния растительности и накопления надземной фитомассы различными травянистыми сообществами балок и овражно-балочных комплексов позволяет использовать эти данные для мониторинга первичной биологической продукции и воспроизводства биомассы сообществами, как важнейшей составляющей энергетического баланса экосистем. Общее количество надземной фитомассы, накапливаемое за вегетационный период различными сообществами овражно-балочных комплекс в различных экотопах, колеблется от 109.0 до 1127.0 г/м2 – минимально на склонах южной экспозиции и максимально велико на днищах балок в местах, ранее используемых под возделывание интенсивных кормовых многолетних культур (пырейно-люцерно-разнотравное и люцерно-мятликово-шалфейное сообщества).
О находке виноградной улитки (Helix pomatia Linnaeus, 1758) в Пензенской области
Authors: Ручин А.Б. , Хапугин А.А.
Published: December 2021

Приводятся сведения о новой находке виноградной улитки Helix pomatia Linnaeus, 1758 в Пензенской области. Находка сделана в Нижнеломовском районе (учтено более 40 экз.). Описывается биотоп и прилегающий лес. Место находки представляет собой обочину дороги в 100 см от дорожного полотна. Прилегающий к обочине дороги лесной массив представлен дубравой с обычным комплексом травянистых и древесных растений. Обсуждается возможное появление вида в данном месте.
The Everyday in a Time of Transformation: Exploring a Single South African Lifeworld after 20 Years of Democracy
Authors: Kotze P. Conrad , Coetzee Jan K.
Published: December 2021

Transformation has come to be a defining characteristic of contemporary societies, while it has rarely been studied in a way that gives acknowledgement to both its societal effects and the experience thereof by the individual. This article discusses a recent study that attempts to do just that. The everyday life of a South African is explored within the context of changes that can be linked, more or less directly, to those that have characterized South Africa as a state since the end of apartheid in 1994. The study strives to avoid the pitfalls associated with either an empirical or solely constructivist appreciation of this phenomenon, but rather represents an integral onto-epistemological framework for the practice of sociological research. The illustrated framework is argued to facilitate an analysis of social reality that encompasses all aspects thereof, from the objectively given to the intersubjectively constructed and subjectively constituted. While not requiring extensive development on the theoretical or methodological level, the possibility of carrying out such an integral study is highlighted as being comfortably within the capabilities of sociology as a discipline. While the article sheds light on the experience of transformation, it is also intended to contribute to the contemporary debate surrounding the current “ontological turn” within the social sciences.
Everyday Hair Discourses of African Black Women
Authors: Majali Zukiswa , Coetzee Jan K. , Rau Asta
Published: December 2021

Hair for African Black people has always had meaning. In the past, elaborate hairstyles communicated their status, identity, and place within the larger society. In present day society, hair continues to be a significant part of being an African Black person. Especially for women, who attach a number of different meanings to hair. This study casts more light on young African Black women’s everyday perceptions of hair and uncovers the meanings they attach to hair and beauty. This is done by looking at how the intersections of race, gender, and class impact on their everyday perceptions and experiences of hair. The literature indicates that the hair preferences and choices of Black African women tend to emulate Western notions of beauty. This is due to a great extent to the historical link between Black hair and “bad” hair associated with old slave days. But, the narratives of participants contradict this normative discourse in many ways and provide new insights on hair — insights that reflect and motivate antiracist aesthetics.
The "Sangoma" or the Healthcare Center? Health-Seeking Practices of Women Living in the Mangaung Township (Bloemfontein, South Africa)
Authors: Mbelekani Naomi Yvonne , Young-Hauser Amanda M. , Coetzee Jan K.
Published: December 2021

Traditional and Western medicine are both commonplace in South Africa, and are often consulted in conjunction with each other. The article aims to fill critical knowledge gaps in understanding how women as caregivers decide on medication when experiencing illness in the home. In order to achieve valid and rich in-depth understanding about the types of medicine that individuals opt for, a narrative study was conducted. The research participants are women from Bloemfontein’s townships. Analysis of the participants’ narratives suggests that there are social-economic, traditional, and cultural trajectories associated with negotiating medical treatment. The findings indicate that the context in which individuals give meaning to, diagnose, and treat illness influences their remedial choices. Accordingly, many individuals constantly shift between different types of remedies, as they believe that they yield different, but unique possibilities and solutions.
Terminologie de l’Union européenne en polonais : entre identité du traducteur et celle du destinataire
Authors: Ciostek Anna
Published: December 2021

The EU law terminology has enriched Polish legal language since Poland’s accession to the EU and has been subject to changes. Apart from the terms borrowed from English and French, there are more and more polonized equivalents, closer to the linguistic identity of their recipients. At the same time, in the general language, we observe the creation of equivalents of these terms in other registers. They are calles bruxelisms, which are evolving and being terminologized.
L’interprete in ambito giuridico e la lingua cinese
Authors: Morandi Elena
Published: December 2021

The interpreter/mediator in the legal field plays a fundamental but very complex role, particularly between very distant languages and cultures, such as the Chinese. Different legal systems presuppose different concepts and roles, and the terminology used does not always correspond to the target language. Adequate training is therefore necessary for this type of interpreter, since knowledge of the Chinese language and/or interpreting techniques alone is not sufficient when cultural and human factors come into play as in this context.
Migrazione ed identità: rif lessioni traduttive partendo dal caso di Yoko Tawada
Authors: Vitali Lelia
Published: December 2021

Taking as an example the emblematic case of the ‘exophonic’ writer Yoko Tawada, we will analyze some translation difficulties for the language pair German/Italian, which are due to linguistic differences and to topics related to the relationship between language and culture. In particular, we will examine two texts, originally written in German, for which an Italian translation has already been published. These works are Das Bad (1989) and Von der Muttersprache zur Sprachmutter (in Talisman, 1998) and focus thematically on personal and linguistic identity.
Humbly dissenting. Revisiting Italian translation of eighteenth-century vindications for the rights of women in the twenty-first century
Authors: Melchiorre Sonia Maria
Published: December 2021

The translator, in her/his activity, has always resembled Janus Bifrons, the god of transitions, passages and endings looking, simultaneously, to the past and the future . This is particularly the case of the translation of texts produced by women in the past centuries. In translating women’s writing other competences and skills are, in fact, necessary in order to better (re)present the revolutionary ideas concealed behind an apparently conventional use of language in their own time. In this contribution, the authoress illustrates the difficulties in translating, from English to Italian, the vindications for the right to education produced by some British women writers of the eighteenth century.
Traduzione e diacronia in esperanto: Dante e "Pinocchio"
Authors: Gobbo Federico , Astori Davide
Published: December 2021

Esperanto is the most successful planned language in history in terms of sociolinguistic relevance, as a community of practice formed around it since 1887. Esperanto proved its vitality by its diachronic change, limited but still present. Such change can be tested by comparing translations of the Divine Comedy and Pinocchio, published at different historical moments. This comparison illustrates the peculiarities of translating into Esperanto, a language that does not have an ethnic group of reference.
Efficacy of Whole Blood Transfusion as an Adjunct Therapy in Severe Cases of Haemolytic Anaemia in Cattle
Authors: Shah N.D. , Bhikane A.U. , Jadhav R.K. , Chavhan S.G.
Published: December 2021

Background: In view of common occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections leading to severe haemolytic anaemia and increased case fatality rate in cattle in study area the present investigation was planned to evaluate efficacy of whole blood transfusion as an adjunct therapy in severe cases of hemolytic anaemia in cattle. Method: Sixteen cattle suffering from one or other haemoprotozoan infections induced haemolytic anaemia and having haemoglobin values less than 5 gm/dl were randomly divided in to two treatment groups. Group A (n=8) cattle were treated with standard treatment of haemoprotozoan infection without blood transfusion while group B (n=8) cattle were treated with whole blood transfusion in addition to standard treatment for haemoprotozoan infections. Result: Clinical and haematological parameters revealed rapid improvement in group B cattle as compared to group A cattle. The survival rate was significantly higher in group B cattle (100%) as compared to group A cattle (62.5%). The haemoglobin and haematocrit values were also found significantly higher in group B as compared to group A at 12 hours as well as on 21st day post treatment. Thus, it is concluded that, whole blood transfusion could be used as an adjunct therapy to hasten clinical recovery and to increase the survivability in cattle suffering from severe haemolytic anaemia due to haemoprotozoan infections.
Warrantless search and seizure by SARS: a constitutional invasion of taxpayers’ privacy? – Part Two
Authors:   University of the Western Cape, Moosa Fareed
Published: December 2021

Sec. 63 of the Tax Administration Act 28 of 2011 (TAA) grants officials of the South African Revenue Service (SARS) access to taxpayers’ private and confidential information by, first, searching a taxpayer’s person and premises without a warrant and, secondly, permitting the seizure of taxpayers’ possessions and communications. Part One of this article (see Journal for Juridical Science 2021(1)) argued that the TAA is a “law of general application” as envisaged by the so-called “limitation clause” contained in sec. 36(1) of the Constitution, 1996 and that, in terms of the threshold stage of analysis prescribed by this provision, the exercise of the powers conferred by sec. 63(1) and (4) limits a taxpayer’s constitutional right to privacy as entrenched in sec. 14 of the Constitution. In this Part Two of the article, it will be hypothesised that, although the search and seizure powers in sec. 63(1) and (4) of the TAA are not models of drafting with absolute clarity, they ought, in terms of the second stage of enquiry that is triggered by the findings in Part One, nevertheless to pass muster under sec. 36(1) of the Constitution, because of the justifiability of the limitation imposed on the right to privacy by these provisions.
Autobiografía imprevista. “Gender” y “genre” en la obra de Norma Mejía
Authors: Gil Juan Martínez
Published: December 2021

En el contexto de las autobiografías trans publicadas en España a principios de los años 2000, la obra de Norma Mejía se erige como una de las más interesantes de las que tematizan experiencias de la transexualidad en los años 70, 80 y 90 (Mérida Jiménez, 2018). Su ensayo Transgenerismos (2006), derivado de su tesis doctoral, posee una gran cantidad de materia narrativa que puede ser calificada como autobiográfica debido a sus características textuales. Este mismo material encontramos en su novela Lorena, mi amor (2004), convertido en explícita ficción. El presente artículo pretende ofrecer una lectura en diálogo de ambos textos para analizar los mecanismos de los que hace uso la autora en su tránsito por diferentes géneros textuales con un mismo material autobiográfico, mostrando cómo es la necesidad de expresión identitaria de la propia Mejía, su gender, la que la lleva a transitar diferentes genres, de forma que no podríamos entender su obra fuera de sus condiciones vitales y de su historia personal.
Los diplomáticos españoles ante el Holocausto
Authors: Nalewajko Małgorzata
Published: December 2021

El objetivo del artículo es presentar tanto las actividades de los diplomáticos españoles a favor de los judíos, sobre todo sefardíes, en algunos países ocupados por los nazis durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, como también el debate reciente sobre sus méritos. Surge la pregunta de si los diplomáticos que desempeñaban sus cargos en Francia, Grecia, Rumanía, Bulgaria y Hungría ayudaban a los judíos realizando la política oficial del Gobierno español, como sugieren algunas publicaciones actuales, o si lo hacían por su propia cuenta y riesgo. Entre otros ejemplos, se examina el caso del duque de Parcent, cónsul español en Varsovia, quien tuvo posibilidades limitadas de actuar, pero dejó el testimonio del exterminio. Como fuentes, se han aprovechado sus informes diplomáticos y sus memorias, publicadas en forma de libro. También han servido de base para el artículo los estudios recientes dedicados a las diligencias que hacían los diplomáticos intentando proteger a los judíos. El análisis de los textos, además de señalar el propósito de reparar la imagen de la política de Franco, deja ver que la controversia entre los que le consideran como “salvador de cientos de miles de judíos” y los que le acusan de ser “el cómplice del Holocausto” sigue sin solución.
Del sentir retrospectivo: afectos y memoria LGTBQ en el “Diario íntimo” (1919–1921) de Emilio Prados
Authors: Álvarez Enrique
Published: December 2021

El Diario íntimo de Emilio Prados se ha leído de acuerdo con la información biográfica que contiene acerca de la evolución emocional y afectiva de su autor; en particular en lo que concierne al encuentro afectivo con Federico García Lorca en la Residencia de Estudiantes de Madrid. Sin embargo, en el Diario abundan comentarios explícitos acerca de una personalidad inadecuada, caracterizada por un sentimiento excesivo de alienación, fracaso, aislamiento, y retroceso y/o estancamiento en el desarrollo de la individualidad. Este desborde emocional en el Diario de Prados es decisivo en la documentación de la emergencia de la homosexualidad moderna y, por tanto, de la experiencia LGTBQ en el contexto de la cultura peninsular. Este argumento se apoya por un lado en la intervención de la autobiografía en la construcción de la subjetividad moderna y, por el otro, en el potencial transformador de impulsos vitales que todavía no se han organizado en movimientos reivindicativos.
Progetto ArchiPrevaleat. Ecografia color-Doppler dei vasi epi-aortici in HIV.
Authors: Muccini et al. Camilla
Published: December 2021

Obiettivo di questo studio era la valutazione della prevalenzadi ispessimento dell’intima-media (>1.00-1.20 mm) e diplacche (>1.20 mm), in una coorte di persone che vivonocon HIV, e i fattori di rischio per queste condizioni.
Il Progetto è iniziato nel 2019 e coinvolge otto centri italiani. Le misurazioni della carotide erano eseguite da un medicoappositamente preparato, che valutava i seguenti parametri:spessore medio-intimale delle carotidi comuni e interne, sia a sinistra che a destra. Sono state raccolte informazionisui fattori di rischio per le malattie cardiovascolari, la contadei CD4+, i lipidi serici, la glicemia, e l’indica di massa corporea (BMI).
L’associazione tra risultati patologici e potenzialifattori di rischio è stata valutata utilizzando la regressionelogistica, con gli odds ratio (OR) e gli intervalli di confidenzaal 95% (95% CI). Tra 1147 pazienti valutati, con età media di 50 anni, 347 (30.2%) avevano risultati patologici (15.8% placche e 14.5%IMT).
Oltre ai fattori di rischio soliti, come età avanzata, sessomaschile, sovrappeso e dislipidemia, una conta dei CD4+nadir < 200 celle/mm³ era associata con una prevalenzamaggiore di placche (OR aggiustato 1.79, 95% CI 1.23-2.61).
L’uso di INSTI era suggerito come associato con risultati patologici. Questi dati mostrano che la percentuale complessiva di lesionidella carotide è ancora elevata.
L’ecografia color-Dopplerpotrebbe ricoprire un ruolo chiave nell’indentificare equantificare le lesioni aterosclerotiche nelle persone che vivonocon HIV, anche a uno stadio molto precoce, e dovrebbevenire inclusa nell’algoritmo di gestione delle comorbiditàin questi pazienti.
Rafael Ramis Barceló y Pedro Ramis Serra. Los grados de la Universidad de Irache (1613-1700)
Authors: Lahoz Finestres José María
Published: December 2021

Este artículo reseña: Rafael Ramis Barceló y Pedro Ramis Serra. Los grados de la Universidad de Irache (1613-1700). Madrid: Dykinson, 2020, 680 pp.
Das Parlament als Kommunikationsarena : Öffentlichkeitsebenen und Kommunikationsmuster in Plenardebatten des Deutschen Bundestags
Authors: Geuß Annika
Published: December 2021

Das Parlament ist selten Gegenstand kommunikationswissenschaftlicher Forschung. Die vorliegende Synthese verbindet Konzepte von Habermas, Luhmann, Kißler und Dieckmann im Kontext der Plenarkommunikation und entwickelt zwei Modelle zur Interaktion in Plenardebatten. Die Sitzungsöffentlichkeit des Plenarsaals wird als „Kommunikationsarena“ verstanden, deren Rahmenbedingung die massenmediale Aufmerksamkeitslogik ist. Das ursprüngliche Arenenmodell wird an die mehrfachadressierte Debattenkommunikation angepasst. Die Überlegungen sind auf den Spezialfall der Haushaltsdebatte gerichtet: Die Aussprache zum Etat des Bundeskanzleramts wird traditionell als Generaldebatte geführt und stellt den Höhepunkt des parlamentarischen Jahres dar. Die bürgerliche Öffentlichkeit nimmt die Arbeit des Parlaments besonders durch die Generaldebatten wahr. Ausgehend von Burkhardts und Hitzlers Typologien interaktiver Debatteninstrumente wie Zwischenrufe und -fragen werden mit Weiß, Schäfer und Habermas Aktions- und Reaktionsmuster entwickelt, die das Paradoxon deliberativer und strategischer Kommunikationsmodi offenbaren. Abschließend werden Hypothesen zur Regierungs-Oppositions-Interaktion abgeleitet. Es zeigt sich, dass die Beschaffenheit der parlamentarischen Arena als Mehrebenen-Öffentlichkeit zu einem Verständigungsproblem führt und die Partizipation am politischen Willensbildungsprozess durch interaktive Kommunikation simuliert wird.
Perceptions du climat d'apprentissage universitaire : une approche emipirique à la qualitè de l'enseignement en République Démocratique du Congo/Goma
Authors: Kavira Kamundu Semerita
Published: December 2021

This study focuses on learning climate in universities in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Learning climate constitutes one of the most important criteria for educational quality as it influences the learning outcome. The study is conducted in the DRC, one of the developing countries of Sub-Saharan Africa, where the quality of education is very important to remedy the traditional educational system applied in several schools and universities. Using a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews (n = 32) based on a theoretical sampling, following grounded theory, four types of climate were revealed in the data analysis: The climate based on learning where the learner feels better considered, the climate based on social relations where the interactions between the teacher and the learner are positive, the climate based on the teacher where the learner is passive, and the climate based on the use of authority where the learner only submits to the decisions of the authority. These four types are discussed in relation to their functionality to learning and recommendations for the further development of universities are given.