bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GAME THEORY AND STRATEGIC DECISION-MAKING: OPTIMIZING BUSINESS STRATEGIES IN THE AGE OF DIGITAL DISRUPTION
Authors: Mehrotra Ravi
Published: August 2024

The arising digital disruption poses new challenges and opportunities for businesses that, in turn, require new strategic decisions. Game theory, in this respect, offers a very useful mathematical framework for the analysis of strategic interactions and hence valuable insights into the optimal design of business strategies within the changing environment. Accordingly, the paper tries to elaborate on possibilities to apply game theory to strategic decision-making in the digital age concerning competitive strategies, market dynamics, and collaborative opportunities. At the juncture of game theory and digital disruption, it would be the framework through which businesses can improve strategic approaches in competitive moves within the complexities of the modern market landscape.
AN ANALYSIS OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY IN MULTIPLE URBAN AREAS: A CASE STUDY
Authors:   Asbiagan Elementary School/ DEPED., M. Balangitan Dealyn , B. Bantali Jesse ,   Asbiagan Elementary School/ DEPED., T. Calugan Beberly ,   Asbiagan Elementary School/ DEPED., B. Dano Christina ,   Asbiagan Elementary School/ DEPED., G. Dulagan Rizalina ,   Asbiagan Elementary School/ DEPED., P. Tanyag Irene ,   Asbiagan Elementary School/ DEPED., A. Wance Marivic ,   Asbiagan Elementary School/ DEPED., B. Mariacos Jolly ,   Asbiagan Elementary School/ DEPED., A. Dela Pena Marilou ,   Asbiagan Elementary School/ DEPED.
Published: August 2024

This study examines the solid waste management (SWM) practices in urban schools in the Philippines, focusing on Baguio City and Benguet. Through on-site observations, interviews, and document analysis, we identify challenges and best practices and offer recommendations to enhance SWM efficiency. Our findings highlight awareness, engagement, and infrastructure gaps while showcasing successful student-led initiatives. This research aims to inform policymakers, educators, and community members, contributing to more sustainable urban environments.
COEXISTENCE OF SYNCHRONOUS TRIPLE CARCINOMAS RESECTED IN A76YEAR OLD PATIENT- A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: Kaur Gurwinder , Myes Deychen , Sharma Navneet , Kumar Chitresh , Choudhary Anita
Published: August 2024

The coexistence of synchronous triple carcinomas in a single patient is a rare occurrence. Only a few cases and patient reviews of triple malignancy have been reported in literature. We report here a case of 76year old male that details the existence of squamous cell carcinoma of lip, basal cell carcinoma of left ala of nose and basaloid variant of squamous cell carcinoma of chest wall. Existence of multiple primary carcinomas can be considered as a rare occurrence but due to improved effectiveness in therapies and diagnostic tools, the situation has become more frequent in recent times.
A REVIEW ON CHATURVIDHA SIDDHANTA- AN APPLIED UNDERSTANDING
Authors:   P.G Scholar, Department of Samhita and Maulika Siddhata., and Pankaj , Kumari Shailza ,   Associate Professor, National Institute of Ayurveda (Deemed to be University) Jaipur.
Published: August 2024

Ayurveda is a comprehensive system of medicine focusing on both preventive and curative aspects of health. The concept of Siddhanta, as foundational principles, plays a crucial role in the development and application of Ayurvedic practices. According to Acharya Charaka in the Vimana Sthana, Siddhantas can be classified into four main categories namely Sarvatantra, Pratitantra, Adhikarana and abhyupagama Siddhanta By classifying Siddhantas into these categories, Ayurveda establishes a structured approach to health care, ensuring that practitioners can effectively balance general principles with individualized care. This framework supports the aims of swasta palana (maintenance of health) and aatura upachara (treatment of disease), forming the bedrock of Ayurvedic practice.Here an attempt ismade to understand and classify various Siddhanta of ayurvedainto these 4 categories.
SOILS IN FORENSIC ANALYSIS: A REVIEW
Authors:   Soil and Land Resources Assessment Division, Soil Resources and Land Use Mapping and Monitoring Group, National Remote Sensing Centre, Hyderabad, India., Karak Subhadeep , Suresh K.G Janakirama ,   Soil and Land Resources Assessment Division, Soil Resources and Land Use Mapping and Monitoring Group, National Remote Sensing Centre, Hyderabad, India., Mitran Tarik ,   Soil and Land Resources Assessment Division, Soil Resources and Land Use Mapping and Monitoring Group, National Remote Sensing Centre, Hyderabad, India., G. Sujatha ,   Soil and Land Resources Assessment Division, Soil Resources and Land Use Mapping and Monitoring Group, National Remote Sensing Centre, Hyderabad, India., Kumar Rajiv ,   Soil Resources and Land Use Mapping and Monitoring Group, National Remote Sensing Centre, Hyderabad, India., K. Sreenivas ,   Remote Sensing Application Area, National Remote Sensing Centre, Hyderabad, India., Thapa Umesh ,   Faculty of Horticulture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal, India.
Published: August 2024

This review article highlights article highlights the crucial role of soil in forensic investigations, showcasing its ability to connect suspects, victims, and crime scenes. In the present scenario, the importance of this work is underscored by the increasing complexity of criminal activities and the growing need for precise forensic methods. As environmental conditions and land use patterns change, understanding soil characteristics and their forensic applications becomes even more crucial. Through advanced analysis techniques like spectroscopy and DNA profiling, soil becomes a valuable tool for solving crimes, tracing geographical origins, and providing crucial evidence, reinforcing its importance in modern forensic science. This review showcases soil as a powerful, often overlooked tool in solving crimes and bringing justice, despite challenges like soil variability and contamination.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A 67.2 KWP SI-POLY PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM CONNECTED TO THE GRID USING PVSYST TOOL
Authors:   Renewable Energies, Materials and Laser (ERML), Alioune DIOP University, Bambey, Senegal., Saliou Toure Cheikh , Lat Tabara Sow Papa ,   Renewable Energies, Materials and Laser (ERML), Alioune DIOP University, Bambey, Senegal., Mbodji Senghane ,   Renewable Energies, Materials and Laser (ERML), Alioune DIOP University, Bambey, Senegal.
Published: August 2024

This paper presents the simulated performance evaluation of a 67.2 kWp grid-connected Si-poly photovoltaic system. This study was carried out to assess the feasibility of installing a photovoltaic system to supply the electrical loads at the Alioune DIOP University of Bambey, Senegal, a public institution. Indeed, the UADB is facing load shedding problems caused by its exorbitant energy consumption. The study system comprises 240 Si-poly modules. Each module has a rated output of 280 Wp. All photovoltaic modules are connected in 12 strings, each string consisting of 20 modules in series. Three solar inverters, each rated at 20 kW, are used for interconnection with the grid via a public meter. For the case study, PVsyst 7.4 is used for simulation. PVsyst 7.4 is a PC software package for the design, dimensioning and data analysis of complete photovoltaic systems. Meteonorm 8.1 meteorological data sets on solar radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed and humidity from the PVsyst database were used for this analysis. In this study, the parameters evaluated were the photovoltaic arrays effective energy production, the energy injected into the grid, the performance rate and the normalized energy production per kWp installed. The 67.2 kWp photovoltaic system generates 111.287 MWh/year of DC energy, of which 108.980 MWh/year of AC energy is fed into the grid. The systems annual performance rate is around 81.5%, and the loss diagram over the whole year is also computed.
NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY 2020: PRACTICAL IMPEDIMENTS AND CHALLENGES
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of English, Tagore Govt. Arts and Science College, Puducherry., Jagannath Dutte Mahendra
Published: August 2024

Quality education has been crucial and in demand in a rapidly changing global scenario. With the advent of new theories like constructivism in education, the academicians and the theorists believe that learners develop their understanding through experience rather than by stimulus and response which were the core concepts in the traditional behaviorist theories. National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) is a document that seeks to make education equitable, inclusive and sustainable. The Policy advocates flexibility for the learners, to opt for the learning trajectories and programs, no hard separation between different domains of studies and multidisciplinary education. The policy has proposed to bring structural changes to the education system. The present paper is an attempt to foreground the challenges and hindrances to implementing and practicing a few of the structural changes and aspects. NEP 2020 states that the students will be able to choose many of the subjects and the level in which they take the Board examination- Medium level and Advanced level. The student will select different subjects for study in class 9th. This may invite more challenges relating to infrastructure, conducting examinations, recruiting teachers, etc. Emphasis on the mother tongue as a medium of instruction may be a problem for the children of people in transferable jobs, this means the private English Medium Schools will keep on flourishing. As per the guidelines the Foreign Colleges will be permitted to open campuses in India, however, there is less possibility to get admission in these colleges for the students whose medium of instruction will be regional language. This may again lead to widening the rift between the economically poor and the rich and may invite unequal learning patterns.
THERMAL PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF INCORPORATING A BIOMASS COMBUSTION CHAMBER AS A BACKUP SYSTEM IN BOX-TYPE SOLAR COOKERS
Authors:   Joseph KI-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso., Konkobo Iliyasse ,   Laboratory of Environmental Physics and Chemistry (LPCE), Joseph KI-Zerbo University03 Po. Box 7021 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso., Nebie Jacques ,   Laboratory of Environmental Physics and Chemistry (LPCE), Joseph KI-Zerbo University03 Po. Box 7021 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso., Bagre Boubou ,   Laboratory of Environmental Physics and Chemistry (LPCE), Joseph KI-Zerbo University03 Po. Box 7021 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso., Bowendkuni Korsaga Armand ,   Joseph KI-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.,   Laboratory of Environmental Physics and Chemistry (LPCE), Joseph KI-Zerbo University03 Po. Box 7021 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso., Daho Tizane ,   Joseph KI-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.,   Laboratory of Environmental Physics and Chemistry (LPCE), Joseph KI-Zerbo University03 Po. Box 7021 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso., Bere Antoine ,   Joseph KI-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.,   Laboratory of Environmental Physics and Chemistry (LPCE), Joseph KI-Zerbo University03 Po. Box 7021 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Published: August 2024

Solar cookers are devices that allow cooking by using free solar energy. However, they cant operate during cloudy periods or at night. Theincorporating of biomass combustion chamber (hybrid cooker solar-biomass) is an alternative that uses an endogenous and renewable energy source for ecological and economical cooking. In this work, the performances of a hybrid cooker (solar-biomass) are evaluated. The experimental results obtained indicate that the absorber plate reached a maximum temperature of 120,62 Â°C 1,5Â°C. Moreover, the maximum power of the cooker was 83.04 W with an efficiency of 30,34 % in solar mode, 28,4 % in biomass mode and 12.27% Â±0.002% in hybrid mode. During cloudy periods or in the absence of solar radiation, the use of 0.25 kg of charcoal allows maintaining the absorber temperature around 150Â°C for more than 2 hours, ensuring continuity of cooking. The first and second figure of merit parameters performed are 0.1043 and 0.2732 respectively. The results obtained are conclusive in both solar and biomass mode.
TINEACAPITISMANIFESTING AS DIFFUSE HAIR LOSS: THE IMPORTANCE OF TRICHOSCOPY IN TWO CASE REPORT
Authors:   Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hassan II, Fez, Morocco., Dahmani B. ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco., Baybay H. ,   Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hassan II, Fez, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco., Douhi Z. ,   Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hassan II, Fez, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco., Soughi M. ,   Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hassan II, Fez, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco., Elloudi S. ,   Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hassan II, Fez, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco., Mernissi FZ ,   Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hassan II, Fez, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
Published: August 2024

Tineacapitis, a commonfungal infection in children, islessfrequentlyobserved in adults. Whenitmanifests as diffuse hair loss, itsrarelyconsidered. Consequently, diffuse hair lossoften leads to a lowclinical suspicion of tineacapitis, resulting in inappropriateempiricaltreatments and delayed diagnoses. Trichoscopy can bypass the need for lengthy, invasive procedures or KOH examinations. This tool not onlydistinguishestineacapitisfromfemale pattern hair loss but alsohelpsdifferentiatebetweenectothrix and endothrix infections. Here, wepresent a two case reports of tineacapitismimickingfemale pattern hair loss, withtrichoscopyplaying a crucial role in diagnosingendothrix infection.
DERMATOSCOPIC PATTERN OF ANGIOMATOID SPITZ NEVUS: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hassan II, Fez, Morocco., Dahmani B. ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco., Baybay H. ,   Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hassan II, Fez, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco., Douhi Z. ,   Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hassan II, Fez, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco., Soughi M. ,   Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hassan II, Fez, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco., Elloudi S. ,   Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hassan II, Fez, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco., Mernissi FZ. ,   Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hassan II, Fez, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
Published: August 2024

Angiomatoid Spitz nevus is a rare histopathological variant of Spitz nevus, most commonly observed on the extremities of children and young adults. Dermatoscopic features of this variant have seldom been reported. We presented a 14-year-old female diagnosed with angiomatoid Spitz nevus based on clinical, dermatoscopic, and histopathological findings.Polarized-light dermatoscopic examination revealed a red structureless background, reticular white lines, lacunae, and surface scaling.
STRATEGIES FOR FINANCIAL GROWTH IN DENTISTRY: EXPLORING REVENUE STREAMS AND BUSINESS MODELS FOR MAXIMIZING PROFITABILITY
Authors:   Regd. Dental Surgeon, India., Kashyap Prajukta
Published: August 2024

The Dental Industry is undergoing significant transformation as practitioners seek to enhance profitability amidst increasing competition and evolving patient expectations. Maximizing profitability in dentistry requires a multifaceted approach to financial management and strategic planning.This article explores various strategies for financial growth in dental practices, focusing on diverse revenue streams and innovative business models. It examines traditional methods such as expanding service offerings and optimizing billing practices, alongside emerging trends like implementing membership plans, utilizing advanced technologies and adopting value based pricing models.The study also highlights the importance of patient retention strategies including personalized care and effective communication in boosting long-term revenue [1,2].Through a detailed analysis of industry case studies and current trends, this article provides practical insights and actionable recommendations for dental practitioners. By leveraging these strategies, dental practices can enhance their financial performance, ensure sustainable growth and maintain high standards of patient care.
STUDY TO COMPARE FASTING GASTRIC VOLUME USING ULTRASOUND IN DIABETIC AND NON DIABETIC PATIENTS POSTED FOR ELECTIVE SURGERIES
Authors:   Post Graduate Student, Department of Anaesthesia, MRMC, Kalaburagi., Patil Priyanka , S. Kamareddy Pratima ,   Professor and Head of the Department, Department of Anaesthesia, Kalaburagi., H.Y Priyanka ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Anesthesia, MRMC, Kalaburagi., Patil Priyanka ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Anaesthesia, MRMC, Kalaburagi.
Published: August 2024

Objective: To study the comparison of fasting gastric volume using ultrasound in diabetic and nondiabetic patients in elective surgeries. To compare the incidence of delayed gastric emptying in diabetic and nondiabetic after standard fasting guidelines Material and Methods: After institutional ethical committee approval, CTRI registration and patient consent, prospective study was conducted in 30 diabetic and 30 non-diabetic patients aged 30-60years of American society of anesthesiologists- physical status I-III having similar fasting intervals. Pre operatively, quantitative assessments of gastric antrum in supine and right lateral decubitus (RLD) positions were performed using curvilinear probe in accordance to standard gastric scanning. USG grade, cross-sectional area (CSA) of the antrum and gastric volume were calculated. The gastric antrum was classified as Grade 0, 1 or 2, signifying empty antrum, fluid in RLD position only and antral fluid in both supine and RLD positions, respectively. Results:The CSA of 2.35 Â± 1.07 cm2 and 3.51 Â± 1.4 cm2 in diabetic were significantly higher (P = 0.001) than 1.37 Â± 0.32 cm2 and 2.19 Â± 1.15 cm2 of control, in supine and RLD positions, respectively. GV was 3.85Â± 20.06 ml in control group and 6.5Â±23.51 ml in diabetic group. Conclusion: Diabetic patients have higher gastric antral cross-sectional area and gastric volumes as observed by gastric ultrasound than the non-diabetic patients. Reference - 1. Robinson M, Davidson A. Aspiration under anaesthesia: Risk assessment and decision-making. Contin Edu Anaesth Crit Care Pain. 201314:171â€“5. 2.Perlas A, Chan VW, Lupu CM, Mitsakakis N, Hanbidge A. Ultrasound assessment of gastric content and volume. Anesthesiology. 2009111:82â€“9. 3. Smith I, Kranke P, Murat I, Smith A, OSullivan G, Soreide E, et al. Perioperative fasting in adults and children: Guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 201128:556â€“69.
Fortalecimiento de la lectura crítica en estudiantes de secundaria a través del uso de la intertextualidad
Authors: Gómez Betancur Martha Inés , Camilo Andrés González Garzón  , Rafael Ricardo Cogollo Pitalúa
Published: August 2024

Cuando se revisa el desempeño de los estudiantes en las pruebas nacionales e internacionales, es evidente que los docentes y, en general, los actores de la educación deben continuar promoviendo estrategias activas para leer críticamente. En este contexto, este artículo busca mostrar los resultados obtenidos en el fortalecimiento de la lectura crítica en estudiantes de secundaria a través del uso de la intertextualidad. Este estudio estuvo estructurado en tres momentos: identificación del estado de los aprendizajes y competencias de los estudiantes en lectura crítica, utilizando la evaluación como eje de transformación de la práctica pedagógica; luego se implementó la intertextualidad en las prácticas lectoras para fortalecer la lectura crítica de los estudiantes; y  por último, se realiza una reflexión valorativa de la intertextualidad como perspectiva pedagógica pertinente para la nivelación y recuperación de los aprendizajes en lectura crítica. En conclusión, se concluye que la intertextualidad es una estrategia pedagógica idónea para fortalecer la lectura crítica de los estudiantes de secundaria, dado que promueve el diálogo y la postura crítica entre texto y lector.
Dynamics of a double pendulum with viscous friction in the joints. I. Mathematical model of motion and construction of the regime diagram
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Smirnov Alexey S. ,   Institute for Problems in Mechanical Engineering of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kravchinskiy Igor A. ,   Institute for Problems in Mechanical Engineering of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   LLC “Change Mobility Together”
Published: August 2024

The paper discusses the dynamic behavior of a double mathematical pendulum with identical parameters of links and end loads, which is under the influence of viscous friction in both of its joints with generally different dissipative coefficients. A linear mathematical model of the system motion for small deviations is given, and a characteristic equation containing two dimensionless dissipative parameters is derived. For the case of low damping, approximate analytical expressions are found that make it possible to evaluate and compare with each other the damping factors during the motion of the system on each of the oscillation modes. A diagram of dissipative motion regimes is constructed, which arises when the plane of dimensionless parameters is divided by discriminant curves into regions with a qualitatively different character of the system motion. It is noted that a dissipative internal resonance can take place in the system under consideration, and the conditions for its existence in an analytical form are established, as well as their graphic illustration is also given. This article is the first part of the study of the dynamics of a dissipative double pendulum, the continuation of which will be presented as a separate work “Dynamics of a double pendulum with viscous friction in the joints. II. Dissipative oscillation modes and optimization of damping parameters”.
European solidarity and multi-speed integration: Results of a laboratory experiment
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Zotova Daria , Lanko Dmitry ,   St. Petersburg State University, Parfenenok Nikolay ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: August 2024

The conflict around grain and flour imports from Ukraine to the European Union, which made the interests of Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Slovakia contradict the interests of the majority of member states, and which was taking place having mass farmers’ protests in the background, invites revisiting European solidarity. Any political decision adopted on the EU level by voting of all member states indicates solidarity among them. Authors of this article, however, suggest distinguishing between two types of solidarity, namely the solidarity of the majority with the minority, and the solidarity of the minority with the majority. Game theory provided with the means allowing suggesting the behavioral matrix, which helps distinguishing between the two types of solidarity. Negotiations preceding formal voting help achieving solidarity of both types; those negotiations can be bilateral or multilateral.The results of the experiment staged, again, with the help of game theory demonstrate that solidarity with the majority emerges more often after bilateral negotiations, while solidarity with the minority emerges more often after multilateral negotiations. That conclusion allows recommending choosing the format of negotiations depending on the expected outcome of consequent voting. Based on the experience of the European Union, that recommendation is applicable to all cases of regional integration, first of all, to the Eurasian Economic Union. It also helps explaining why despite the mounting number of the demands for solidarity that the majority of EU member states places on the minority, the latter fails to consolidate and thus to endanger the future of the entire European integration project.
Kasyan Agapov, Chisel and Olesha on the pages of “Gudok” (1922–1924): On the question of the function of a pseudonym
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Guskov Nikolai A.
Published: August 2024

The article is dedicated to the poems of Yuri Olesha, published in 1922–1924. in the newspaper “Gudok” under his own name and pseudonyms “Zubilo” (the Chisel) and “Kasyan Agapov” the young writer created, using the pseudonyms, two different caracters of the fictive author. At first, Zubilo and Kasyan Agapov did not differ from each other, but soon their roles were differentiated: the first became a witty feuilleton-railroad worker, writing on everyday topics and fighting bureaucracy, the second — a poet from the people, adhering to the serious theme of the official tone. Olesha soon began to sign the most serious poems of political content with his own name. The article assumes, how the using of pseudonyms is related to the position of Olesha in the historical and literary situation of the years 1920. You can found here also the traits analysis of the poetics of the poems of Zubilo and Kasyan Agapov, which were not noted by researchers, are analyzed: parodic techniques, the combination of different stylistic, thematic plans, opposite poetic and genre forms, etc. Perhaps, these signs are typicals for the poems of other representatives of the Southern (Odessa) school, who worked in “Gudok”. This opens up prospects for new research.
Patriarchs and Matriarchs of the Old Testament in the last will of a service nobleman: To the problem of literary parallels
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Preobrazhenskaya Anastasia A.
Published: August 2024

The article examines the last will of the Russian service nobleman of the end of the 16th century Ivan Golova Solovtsov. The subject of the article is requests of blessing for children, which Ivan Golova addresses to God. These requests included lists of patriarchs and matriarchs of the Old Testament: Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Job, Sarah, Rebecca, Anne, Elizabeth, and Susanna. Comparative textological analysis allowed to identify a possible corpus of sources, which could have been used by Ivan Golova when compiling his last will. It also allowed to find out close, in terms of language and contents, literary parallels, the most important of which come from the wedding service and services of the two last Sundays before Christmas (Sunday of Saint Fathers and Sunday of Saint Patriarchs). Analysis of the identified sources, conducted with the use of the epitaph preserved on the tombstone of Ivan Golova and with the use of his biography, made it possible to interpret the blessing requests not only in the context of repentance discourse, but also gave base for comparing Golova’s “theology” with some aspects of the Protestantism theology. Thus, Solovtsov’s last will requests of blessing, addressed to God and asking for his children those earthly riches, which were granted to patriarchs and matriarchs of the Old Testament, are treated as both evidence of Solovtsov’s wide readership and as possible reflection of influence of another culture and confession.
G. A. Dzagurov and the Japhetic theory of academician N. Ya. Marr: Commented re-edition of the text
Authors:   University of Turin, Tomelleri Vittorio Springfield
Published: August 2024

The present work introduces to the annotated re-edition of an article written by the prominent Ossetian scientist, folklorist and teacher Grigory Alekseevich Dzagurov (1888–1979), which was published in 1924 under the title “The Japhetic Theory of Academician N. Ya. Marr and the Question of the Origin of the Ossetians”. The text, reproduced in a new annotated version with identification of the sources used by the author, introduces to the new linguistic theory promoted by Academician N. Ya. Marr (1864–1934), postulating the relationship between Hamito-Semitic and Kartvelian languages as well as the idea of linguistic mixing and crossing. By deliberately overusing direct quotations from the works of the creator of Japhetic linguistics, Dzagurov gives a brief overview of the main provisions of Marr’s linguistic theory, showing its direct relation to the question of the dual nature, Indo-European (Iranian) and Japhetic, of Ossetic. At that time, as is well known, linguistic arguments were readily provided when discussing thorny questions about the ethnogenesis of peoples. Overall, Dzagurov’s article has historical significance in many respects. Firstly, it testifies to the reception of the Japhetic stage of Marr’s linguistic theory (that is, before the emergence of the New Doctrine of Language) with respect to the study of the Iranian linguistic world in the Northern Caucasus. Secondly, such ideas about the phenomena of the Caucasian substrate and language mixing were skillfully developed over the following decades by one of the best students of Marr, V. A. Abaev (1900–2001), who identified numerous Caucasian elements in the Ossetian language at all language levels. Finally, it is interesting to notice that it was Dzagurov who gave a recommendation on Abaev’s application for admission to the Petrograd State University, thus indirectly contributing to the onset of an important stage in the history of Ossetian studies and, in general, Soviet linguistics.
Attitude to corruption practices of Russians and Chinese: Сross-cultural analysis
Authors:   HSE University, Maksimenko Aleksander A. , Deyneka Olga S. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Deryugin Pavel P. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Krylova Dina V. ,   HSE University, Zabelina Ekaterina V. ,   Chelyabinsk State University
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the attitude of Russians and Chinese towards corrupt practices. The study was conducted anonymously in an online survey using the service https://webanketa.ru. 275 Russians and 105 Chinese took part in it. To determine attitudes towards corrupt practices, the author’s questionnaire was developed, based on the color model of A. Heidenheimer (2015). The questionnaire consisted of 59 hypothetical situations, to assess the corruption of which a 7-point scale was used. For the Chinese participants in the study, a bilingual philologist translated the questionnaire into Chinese. Reliability testing of the instrument confirmed high consistency of the data (Cronbach α = 0.962). The results of factor analysis made it possible to identify three factors and confirm the color model (black, gray, white) of the perception of corruption by A. Heidenheimer. The results of the study made it possible to identify both general features and culturally specific features of the perception of corruption. A comparative analysis of the data showed that deviant actions of officials or persons whose social role is strictly regulated in society and presupposes high moral qualities (judge, doctor, policeman, etc.) were assessed by respondents as highly corrupt in both samples. Also, in both national groups, respondents gave lower ratings to the corrupt actions of holders of such social roles as a flight attendant, teacher, or coach than to the corrupt actions of officials, who were subject to higher moral requirements. At the same time, respondents from China statistically reliably assessed hypothetical situations of black corruption as less corrupt, unlike Russians. White corruption, on the contrary, was condemned by the Chinese significantly more than by the Russians. The results obtained reflect the transcendental legitimation of power inherent in the Chinese mentality and the horizontal responsibility captured in the guanxi phenomenon.
The Monopoly of Economic Justice: Judges versus arbitrators
Authors:   HSE University, Eremin Viktor V.
Published: August 2024

The article explores the relationships between state economic courts represented by judges and arbitration courts as a manifestation of the conflict between public and private justice. The consequences of changes in state policy after the arbitration reform of 2015–2017 are discussed. Firstly, through the lens of Bourdieu’s perspective, the key factors influencing the emergence of a negative attitude in the judicial environment towards private justice are analyzed. Secondly, the establishment of the specialization of a particular subgroup of judges from the appellate instance of arbitration courts, who year after year deal with cases related to arbitration courts, is examined. During the empirical part of the research and interviews with judges from the appellate instances, it was found that their primary reference point, in addition to the law and personal convictions, is the orientation towards the higher court — the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, where one judge largely determines the courts’ policy towards arbitration courts. Judges exhibit normative isomorphism, as similar experiences and practices prompt them to adopt similar strategies to protect their field from private justice. The article is the result of qualitative research based on interviews. Based on the assumption of the homogenization of the judicial sphere and judges’ defensive tactics to protect their field from external, private courts using institutional analysis and Bourdieu’s theories of fields and capital, the conclusion is drawn that judges of state courts tend to accumulate symbolic capital. This allows them to act as the only possible interpreters of legal norms — monopolists of justice. Through the lens of isomorphism theory, the conclusion is drawn that state courts implement the practice of coercive isomorphism, which has no other goals except forcing private courts to mimic state courts.
Ordinary and extraordinary satisfaction as forms of nonmaterial liability in international law
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Matchanova Zoia Sh. , Ignat’eva Marina V. ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
Published: August 2024

The article explores the forms of non-material liability in international law, namely ordinary and extraordinary satisfaction, through the lens of legal theory and factual analysis. The authors provide an overview of the peculiarities of non-material damage in the context of international relations. The essence of ordinary satisfaction is revealed. To satisfy the political claims of the victim state, various measures are being contemplated, which include making apologies, expressing regret and condolences, rendering honors, and giving assurances. It should be stressed that the measures in question can be employed either individually or collectively, depending on the situation. Examples of the ordinary satisfaction are presented, accompanied by a brief summary of the incident that necessitated the fulfillment of non-material demands. The key requirements for ordinary satisfaction include formality, publicity and transparency, with solemnity and symbolism being highlighted as necessary. It is emphasized that ordinary satisfaction should be adequate and proportional to the damage caused, it is pointed out that the use of forms humiliating to the responsible state is unacceptable. It is worth noting that measures expressed through satisfaction are consistently directed towards the state as a subject of international law. The extraordinary satisfaction, if deemed necessary, not only the temporary restriction of state bodies’ powers and the reorganization of certain elements in the political and social system of the violating state but also the temporary occupation of its territory, which highlights the exceptional nature of the measures implemented. The article covers the experience of the victorious allied forces implementing measures to abolish the entire state mechanism of Nazi Germany. It has been established that ordinary and extraordinary satisfaction are significantly distinct in terms of the nature of their impact on the offender, because both forms represent non-material liability for internationally wrongful acts, which, however, differ fundamentally in terms of their severity.
European Union civil liability frameworks in the age of artificial intelligence: Assessing current regimes and future prospects
Authors:   Goce Delchev University, Ampovska Marija
Published: August 2024

This study intends to evaluate the suitability of the EU’s liability regimes in solving AI-related concerns by carefully examining the current legal environment. It also examines the consequences and viability of using these frameworks to consider the special features of AI technology. Furthermore, the article offers insight into the growing nature of AI liability inside the EU and its potential by thoroughly examining current regulations and evaluating the suggested revisions and proposals for prospects. Some of the questions that are the focus of the attention in the article are the burden of proof and its allocation in cases involving AI-caused damages, the standard of proof required to establish liability in AI-related cases, whether a preponderance of evidence, clear and convincing evidence, or a higher standard should be applied in different scenarios and the difficulties in establishing causation in AI-related damages. The method used in this paper will consist of conducting a comparative analysis based on the hypothesis (bearing in mind that there is no established court practice in the EU with regard to this matter) of how different jurisdictions in the EU handle liability and proof standards in AI-related cases, highlighting of any emerging trends or most suitable doctrines and practices. These questions certainly open a discussion of the potential future developments in AI liability law, considering the rapid advancements in AI technology and how legal standards might need to adapt as AI systems become more sophisticated. By focusing on these practical aspects of AI liability, this research can offer valuable insights into how the legal system can effectively address the challenges posed by AI technology and set the legal bases for fair and just outcomes for all parties involved.
Study on the treatment of black and odorous water bodies by aeration combined with sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR
Authors: Xue Yannan , Zhang Minghong , Zhu Mulan , Chen Zhengwei
Published: August 2024

As China's economy grows rapidly, there is a growing problem of rural water pollution, particularly regarding black and odorous water bodies. However, the current treatment technologies have proven inadequate in both nitrogen and phosphorus removal, primarily due to the insufficient carbon-to-nitrogen ratio in these black and odorous water bodies, resulting in low nitrogen removal efficiency. To address this challenge, the study proposes a novel treatment process, namely ‘aeration + sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR’. This innovative approach was compared with the traditional ‘aeration + MBBR’ treatment process and blank control group over an 18-day experimental period. Ten water quality indicators were monitored and compared, including odor, turbidity, DO, pH, COD, BOD5, NH3-N, NO3-N, TN, and TP. The results revealed satisfactory performance of both treatment processes in terms of odor, turbidity, DO, COD, BOD5, and NH3-N indicators. However, significant disparities were observed in denitrification and phosphorus removal, with the new process achieving removal rates of 85.65 and 78.02%, respectively, compared to −2.30 and −4.05% for the existing process. Furthermore, the new process met the surface water class IV quality standard for all 10 monitored indicators, indicating its potential for effectively addressing the issue of black and odorous water in rural China.
Urban flooding simulation and flood risk assessment based on the InfoWorks ICM model: A case study of the urban inland rivers in Zhengzhou, China
Authors: Wei Huaibin , Wu Heng , Zhang Liyuan , Liu Jing
Published: August 2024

Urban flooding intensifies with escalating urbanization. This study focuses on Xiong'er river as the study area and couples a 1D/2D urban flooding model using InfoWorks ICM (Integrated Catchment Modeling). Ten scenarios are set respectively with a rainfall return period of 5a 10a, 20a, 50a, and 100a, alongside rainfall durations of 1 and 24 h. Subsequently, the H-V (hazard–vulnerability) method was applied to evaluate urban flooding risk. Three indicators were selected for each of hazard factors and vulnerability factors. The relative weight values of each indicator factor were calculated using the AHP method. The result shows that (1) flood depth, rate, and duration escalate with longer rainfall return periods, yet decrease as the duration of rainfall increases; (2) as the rainfall return period lengthens, the proportion of node overflow rises, whereas it diminishes with longer rainfall durations, leading to an overall overloaded state in the pipeline network; and (3) the distribution in the research area is mainly low-risk areas, with very few extremely high-risk. Medium to high-risk areas are mainly distributed on both sides of the river, in densely built and low-lying urban areas. This study demonstrates that the model can accurately simulate urban flooding and provide insights for flood analyses in comparable regions.
Towards the problem of preserving temporary revolutionary monuments of Petrograd: the case of the Central State Archive of St. Petersburg
Authors: Makarova Elena O.
Published: August 2024

The temporary monuments of Petrograd, installed as part of implementing Lenin’s plan, were conceived as one of the methods of propaganda of the population by means of art. However, hastily created from gypsum and inaugurated, the objects soon began to crumble.
Purpose of the article: to study the activity of the city authorities in 1923 to preserve the monuments, namely, the busts of A. Blanqui, G. Garibaldi, H. Heine, A. Herzen, N. Dobrolyubov, T. Shevchenko, installed in Petrograd.
The article is based on the analysis of the file of the Central State Archive of St. Petersburg, which demonstrates the process of repair work on the temporary monuments mentioned in the article. The analysis of these archival documents gives an idea of the existence of the problem of preservation of temporary monuments, its scale and possible ways of its elimination.
The article publishes photographs from the funds of the Central State Archive of Cinema, Photographic, and Phonographic Documents of St. Petersburg.
The methodology of the work is based on the principle of historicism and objectivity, the methods of comparative analysis were used.
The research has shown that in 1923 the Petrograd authorities made attempts to save the mentioned commemorative signs. The result of the activity was the prolongation for a certain period of time of the deliberately short life of the studied monuments — busts. The main reason for the fragility of the objects was the material of construction, which was unsuitable for a long stay in the landscape of the city. The problem was aggravated by the climatic conditions of the northern capital. In the future, the monuments of the Soviet era were made of “permanent material”.
Merv khans (using the materials of the 19th c.)
Authors: Atdayev Serdar J.
Published: August 2024

The article attempts to construct a chronology of the successive rule of the Merv khans. The authors briefly touch upon the nature of the khans’ electivity, since the very institution of this phenomenon is very extensive and its study is the subject of a separate study. A wide range of sources provided a clear look at the peculiarity of local government. The example of the Teke of Merv shows that the power as such remained in the hands of the heads of the tribal tribes. Difficult times united the local population and demanded nominating a single ruler capable of leading them, providing protection and stability. 19th c. is a difficult period in the history of Merv, when one ruler succeeded another. Sometimes, the power remained in the hands of the khans of the four Teke tribes, and the general decision was made during joint meetings — maslahat. Considering the sequence of the khan’s administration, a clear chronological line provides a correct look at the past of the Turkmens; in addition, it helps avoid an erroneous assessment of the phenomena and events of that time. The Merv khans personified the bright personalities of the 19th c. who, by their example and behavior, made an important and valuable contribution to the history of the Turkmen people. Using the historical-comparative method, as well as Turkmen, Persian, Khiva, Russian, and European materials, the author recreates the general political situation in the region. The given data allow us to conclude that despite the frequent disagreements of local rulers, the socio-political situation itself, full of difficult and dramatic moments, forced the khans to forget their personal ambitions, put forward a common leader and rally around him.
Methodology for modeling processes in multi-component two-phase LNG systems
Authors: Saftly Adham , Zaitsev Andrey V.
Published: August 2024

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is the most economical means of transporting natural gas over long distances. In maximum volumes, LNG is transported by ships to designated unloading points at storage terminals. During unloading and storage of LNG, a certain part of it passes into the gaseous phase. The main factors influencing the evaporation process are the transfer of heat from the surrounding air. Evaporation of a part of the multicomponent liquid, in turn, leads to a change in the composition of the stored LNG and, as a result, affects its thermodynamic properties and cost indicators. Intensification of evaporation processes can potentially jeopardize the stability and safety of LNG storage procedures and other technological processes. At the same time, depending on the mole concentration of individual components, the basic thermodynamic parameters of LNG can change significantly.
One of the most important issues when analyzing the technological process of storing liquefied natural gas as a multicomponent liquid is the implementation of a convenient calculation system based on known relationships and methodologies with performing thermodynamic calculations of the properties of mixtures, determining phase equilibrium, taking into account the thermal balance of the system with the environment, etc. This approach makes it possible to increase the ability to predict changes in individual parameters, to ensure the thermodynamic stability of the system taking into account external influences. It becomes possible to comprehensively study complex internal dynamic processes of changes in temperature, pressure, mole fraction of vapor, component composition of phases in a tank, which is usually carried out without taking into account external technological processes of equipment operation. The article presents the results of the development and application of a methodology for the process of drainage-free storage of a binary mixture consisting of pure methane and a relatively small amount of nitrogen (up to 10%). As a result, the influence of nitrogen on the dynamics of changes in the parameters of a two-phase system — boil-off gases and liquefied product (methane) has been demonstrated.