bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Single-cell morphological and transcriptome analysis unveil inhibitors of polyploid giant breast cancer cells in vitro
Authors: Zhou Mengli , Ma Yushu , Chiang Chun-Cheng , Rock Edwin C. , Butler Samuel Charles , Anne Rajiv , Yatsenko Svetlana , Gong Yinan , Chen Yu-Chih
Published: December 2023

Considerable evidence suggests that breast cancer therapeutic resistance and relapse can be driven by polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs). The number of PGCCs increases with the stages of disease and therapeutic stress. Given the importance of PGCCs, it remains challenging to eradicate them. To discover effective anti-PGCC compounds, there is an unmet need to rapidly distinguish compounds that kill non-PGCCs, PGCCs, or both. Here, we establish a single-cell morphological analysis pipeline with a high throughput and great precision to characterize dynamics of individual cells. In this manner, we screen a library to identify promising compounds that inhibit all cancer cells or only PGCCs (e.g., regulators of HDAC, proteasome, and ferroptosis). Additionally, we perform scRNA-Seq to reveal altered cell cycle, metabolism, and ferroptosis sensitivity in breast PGCCs. The combination of single-cell morphological and molecular investigation reveals promising anti-PGCC strategies for breast cancer treatment and other malignancies.
Summer insolation controlled movements of Intertropical Convergence Zone during last glacial cycle in northern South America
Authors: Ramirez V. M. , Cruz F. W. , Vuille M. , Novello V. F. , Stríkis N. M. , Cheng H. , Zhang H. W. , Bernal J. P. , Du W. J. , Ampuero A. , Deininger M. , Chiessi C. M. , Tejedor E. , Campos J. L. , Ait Brahim Y. , Edwards R. L.
Published: December 2023

A paradigm in paleoclimatology holds that shifts in the mean position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone were the dominant climatic mechanism controlling rainfall in the tropics during the last glacial period. We present a new paleo-rainfall reconstruction based on speleothem stable oxygen isotopes record from Colombia, which spans most of the last glacial cycle. The strength and positioning of the Intertropical Convergence Zone over northern South America were more strongly affected by summer insolation at high northern latitudes than by local insolation during the last glacial cycle, resulting in an antiphased relationship with climate in the Cariaco Basin. Our data also provide new insight into how orbital forcing amplified/dampened Intertropical Convergence Zone precipitation during millennial-scale events. During Greenland Stadial events, the Intertropical Convergence Zone was positioned close to the latitude of El Peñon, as expressed by more negative δ18O values. Greenland Interstadial events are marked by relatively high stable oxygen isotope values and reduced rainfall in the El Peñon record, suggesting a northward withdrawal of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. During some Heinrich Stadial events, and especially Heinrich Stadial 1, the Intertropical Convergence Zone must have been displaced away from its modern location near El Peñon, as conditions were very dry at both El Peñon and Cariaco.
NADase CD38 is a key determinant of ovarian aging
Authors: Yang Qingling , Chen Wenhui , Cong Luping , Wang Mengchen , Li Hui , Wang Huan , Luo Xiaoyan , Zhu Jing , Zeng Xinxin , Zhu Zhenye , Xu Yining , Lei Min , Zhao Yanqing , Wei Chenlu , Sun Yingpu
Published: December 2023

The ovary ages earlier than most other tissues, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here a comprehensive analysis of transcriptomic landscapes in different organs in young and middle-aged mice revealed that the ovaries showed earlier expression of age-associated genes, identifying increased NADase CD38 expression and decreased NAD+ levels in the ovary of middle-aged mice. Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that CD38 deletion mitigated ovarian aging, preserving fertility and follicle reserve in aged mice by countering age-related gene expression changes and intercellular communication alterations. Mechanistically, the earlier onset of inflammation induced higher expression levels of CD38 and decreased NAD+ levels in the ovary, thereby accelerating ovarian aging. Consistently, pharmacological inhibition of CD38 enhanced fertility in middle-aged mice. Our findings revealed the mechanisms underlying the earlier aging of the ovary relative to other organs, providing a potential therapeutic target for ameliorating age-related female infertility.
A highly sensitive fluorescence probe for on-site detection of nerve agent mimic diethylchlorophosphonate DCP
Authors: Chen Changzhou , Zhang Wei , Ke Yingjun , Jiang Lirong , Hu Xichao
Published: December 2023

A unique fluorescent probe has been developed for the detection of diethyl dichloropropylphosphonate (DCP). A portable test strip was prepared and a smartphone sensing platform was proposed to achieve non-contact visual monitoring of DCP concentration.
Enhanced portable detection for Sars-CoV-2 utilizing DNA tetrahedron-tethered aptamers and a pressure meter
Authors: Yu Xingbo , Wang Ying , Wang Kun , Zhu Ziyuan , Xiao Lu , Huang Yishun , Song Yanling , Liu Dan
Published: December 2023

Aptamer-tethered DNA tetrahedrons enhance their recognition capabilities for detecting the SARS-CoV-2, thereby facilitating the accurate distinction between positive and negative swab samples.
Ni(OH)2 nanosheets decorated with FeCoPi on NiO heterostructures: tunable intrinsic electronic structures for improved overall water splitting
Authors: Marimuthu Sundaramoorthy , Shankar Ayyavu , Maduraiveeran Govindhan
Published: December 2023

A new strategy for producing and stabilizing multiple catalytic active sites, by regulating the electronic structures of bifunctional 3-D Ni(OH)2@FexCo1−xPi|NiO heterostructures for achieving improved overall water splitting.
Addition and NN bond cleavage of diazo-compounds by phosphino-phosphenium cations
Authors: Kim Hyehwang , Lough Alan , Qu Zheng-wang , Grimme Stefan , Stephan Douglas W.
Published: December 2023

Phosphino-phosphenium cations react as frustrated Lewis pairs adding across the NN bond of (tBuO2CN)2 and effect the cleavage of the NN bond of (RN)2 affording [Ph2P(μ-NR)2PPh2Cl][GaCl4] (R = Ph, C6H4Cl).
Effect of grain coalescence on dislocation and stress in GaN films grown on nanoscale patterned sapphire substrates
Authors: Pan Zuojian , Chen Zhizhong , Chen Yiyong , Zhang Haodong , Yang Han , Hu Ling , Kang Xiangning , Yuan Ye , Jia Chuanyu , Liang Zhiwen , Wang Qi , Zhang Guoyi , Shen Bo
Published: December 2023

The effect of grain coalescence on the dislocation and stress in GaN films grown on nanoscale patterned sapphire substrates with low-temperature grown GaN and physical vapour deposition AlN nucleation layers is comparably investigated.
Electron transfer reaction of TEMPO-based organic radical batteries in different solvent environments: comparing quantum and classical approaches
Authors: Mitra Souvik , Heuer Andreas , Diddens Diddo
Published: December 2023

In this work, reorganization energies (λ) for (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO) in different solvents have been computed using both quantum mechanical and classical methods. A correlation has also been established between the classical and quantum λ.
Device parameter to evaluate exciton energy transfer in organic whispering-gallery-mode microresonators and its dependence on the amplified spontaneous emission threshold
Authors: Mikajiri Tomoki , Komino Takeshi , Yamada Jun-ichi , Tajima Hiroyuki
Published: December 2023

We developed a device parameter to evaluate the magnitude of the energy transfer in organic WGM resonators. ASE easily occurs under the condition that the energy acceptor molecules become unable to accept energy from the energy donor excitons.
Graphene oxide-catalysed carbene-transfer reaction in water: a highly “green” and selective approach to access 3,3′,3′′-trisindoles
Authors: Kamboj Priya , Tyagi Vikas
Published: December 2023

A highly “green” and efficient method to furnish biologically important 3,3′,3′′-trisindolesviaa graphene oxide-catalysed carbene-transfer reaction of 3-diazo oxindole as a carbene precursor with indoles is described.
Arresting Tollens’ reagent's reaction on a glass surface as the easiest method to fabricate Ag nanocluster-based SERS substrates for glucose sensing
Authors: Ingilala Venkataramanaiah , Bansal Chandrahas , Srikanth Vadali Venkata Satya Siva , Ammanabrolu Rajanikanth
Published: December 2023

The fabrication of Ag nanoclusters-based SERS substrates generally needs high-end processing equipment. On the contrary, here, they are easily fabricated by arresting Tollens’ reagent’s reaction on the surface of a typical glass substrate.
Investigating the effects of the local environment on bottlebrush conformations using super-resolution microscopy
Authors: Chan Jonathan M. , Kordon Avram C. , Wang Muzhou
Published: December 2023

The conformation of single bottlebrush polymers is heavily influenced by their surrounding environment.
Efficient electrocatalytic nitrogen oxidation to nitrate by the self-assembly of supramolecular cucurbit[6]uril with a heteropolyacid
Authors: Xu Manli , Ao Xianyan , Song Chengcheng , Zeng Liling , Zhang Chao , Zhang Yunqian , Zhao Wenfeng
Published: December 2023

A supramolecular self-assembler of cucurbit[6]uril-phosphomolybdic acid with a multi-valence state is constructed to realize an efficient nitrogen oxidation reaction.
Recent advancements in perylene diimide as an electron acceptor in organic solar cells
Authors: Akash  , Tiwari J. P.
Published: December 2023

Interest in alternative powering solutions for the growing internet of things (IoT) has boosted the research on third-generation solar cell devices.
Multi-Rock Mass Classification Systems for the Assessment of Excavation Method and Support Design of Spillway Tunnel, Sidan Dam, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Arianto Benny , Indrawan I. Gde Budi , Warmada I. Wayan
Published: December 2023

This paper presents the implementation of rock mass classification systems to determine the excavation method and the support design of the Spillway Tunnel, Sidan Dam, Bali, Indonesia. In order to mitigate the uncertainty associated with using single rock mass classification during designing tunnels, this study provides an evaluation by applying multiple rock mass classifications. Rock Mass Rating (RMR), QSystem, Geological Strength Index (GSI), Japan Society of Civil Engineering (JSCE), and Rock Mass Index (RMi) were among the rock mass classification systems used for comprehensive analysis. Rock mass parameters were determined based on engineering geological mapping and rock & soil core analysis. The rock mass quality of pyroclastic rock along the tunnel is generally poor to fair. Based on the GSI rating, digging and ripping excavation were recommended. The top heading with benching (1-3 m advance in top heading) was the proposed excavation method by RMR and JSCE. Each classification system advised the combination of reinforced shotcrete and rock bolt for the primary tunnel support with varying shotcrete thickness (30-400 mm), rock bolt length (2.6-6 m), and rock bolt spacing (1-2.5 m). However, field investigations during excavation and numerical stability analysis were recommended to eliminate risks and ensure safe construction.
Implementation Analysis of the Cleaner Production Concept in Solid Waste Management among Food Businesses along Ryacudu Street, Sukarame District, Lampung Province, Indonesia
Authors: Hasiany Sillak , Jayanti Destya Kurnia , Setiajaya Arif , Prasetio Bambang
Published: December 2023

In the midst of city or regional growth and transformation, the establishment of fresh commercial zones often arises from the development of infrastructure and enhancements to roads, exemplified by the rejuvenation of Jl. Ryacudu in Bandar Lampung. The recent enhancements to Jl. Ryacudu, supervised by the Public Works and Construction Agency, have given rise to a thriving business center featuring an assortment of shops, cafes, restaurants, minimarkets, and various services lining both sides of the thoroughfare. Consequently, the increased activities have led to a proportional rise in waste production, especially within the food industry sector. Thus, effective environmental management is urgently required to prevent any adverse ecological impacts arising from the solid waste produced. This study aims to evaluate the current status of waste management in the food industry sector, focusing on both its effectiveness and efficiency. Additionally, the study proposes waste management strategies, emphasizing the adoption of the cleaner production concept, incorporating the principles of the 3R system (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle). The study's findings reveal that the complete implementation of the 3R system has yet to be achieved in the current setting. Nonetheless, the effectiveness and efficiency of the current solid waste management practices are considered satisfactory. Furthermore, the preparedness to adopt the 3R approach has been confirmed, indicating a promising path towards sustainable waste management practices within the restaurant industry.
Covid-19 impacts on residents’ behavior on accessing health services: Review on published studies in Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Alfana Muhammad Arif Fahrudin , Pitoyo Agus Joko , Listyaningsih Umi , Saifimar Chantira , Rais Muhammad Lutfi
Published: December 2023

Covid-19 has been shown to affect the behavior of the residents in almost all sectors of life, including the behavior in accessing health services. This research constitute a review in an effort to summarize published studies related to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the behavior of residents in the Special Region of Yogyakarta in accessing health services. A literature search was conducted on Google Scholar from early 2020 to May 2022 to identify all relevant studies with a number of keywords and various combinations. As a result, the quantitative research designs reviewed were more or dominantly applied by the researchers than the qualitative research designs. From the results of a quick survey, the information collected revolves around the behavior of the residents related to issues/topics of family planning and infant care-childbirth in accessing health services. Impact of Covid-19 has been shown to affect the behavior of the residents regarding attendance at health services. Factors that influence attendance to health services include education, age, occupation, husband's support, anxiety and also knowledge attitudes and perceptions of services factors. Understanding shifts in public health-seeking behavior and the factors influencing them will be relevant and helpful in planning future pandemic responses.
Development of Ecotherapy Healing Forest in the Mountain Kelam Sintang Natural Tourism Park Area, West Kalimantan
Authors: Putri Vincencia Septaviani Issera Sulistya , Wijayanti Lies Rahayu , Hidayati Iswari Nur
Published: December 2023

The increasingly busy routines of urban communities, especially students with high levels ofactivity, can cause a person to experience stress, anxiety and depression. Ecotherapy Healing Forest is a form of tourism that is responsible for preserving natural areas with the aim of healing and relieving stress, by presenting natural attractions as the main component supporting therapy. In this research, 44 student participants from the class of 2018 - class of 2021 at Kapuas Sintang University were used. Participants will have their physical and psychological conditions measured by medical personnel and psychologists, where for psychics they will use DASS 42 to measure participants' stress levels. Measurements were carried out 5 times in repetition of the Ecotherapy healing forest treatment at different times. The aim of this research is to examine the potential for developing an ecotherapy healing forest in the Gunung Kelam Nature Tourism Park conservation area. The descriptive method of qualitative analysis is carried out by describing the entire series of research activities starting from the data search stage, data analysis, and drawing conclusions. The results obtained are a source of recommendations for policy makers, especially the government, fo r the future development of Healing Forests Ecotherapy. Medical teams or counselors can utilize ecotherapy healing forests as a form of healing activity and overcoming stressful conditions.
Factors affecting the choice of contraception in the special region of Yogyakarta: Reviews of studies published in the special region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Aryati Seri , Sukamdi  , Listyaningsih Umi
Published: December 2023

To improve the quality of life and the welfare of the community, the entire community and the government must carry out development programs, namely population control by maintaining the total birth rate (TFR) and even decreasing fertility through women of childbearing age participating in the Family Planning program using modern contraception. This study is a review to summarize published studies related to the factors of choosing contraception in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The Special Region of Yogyakarta was chosen because the contraceptive prevalence rate increased but the total birth rate also increased. Literature search with data retrieval using Publish or Perish software with Google Scholar data to identify all relevant studies with the title word and some keywords. As a result, the quantitative research designs were reviewed because the search results all use quantitative research. The focus of the study with the theme of contraceptive choice factors in the Yogyakarta Region was divided into 2 groups, namely related to Intra Uterine Devices (IUD) contraception and contraception in general (either long-term or short-term contraceptive methods. Factors influencing the choice of contraception are the level of knowledge, partner support (husband), side effects of contraceptive use, age, education, and occupation.
The Analysis of Manufacturing Industry Sector in Maluku Province
Authors: Athaya M.F. , Yushafirra M. , Rahman R.A. , Ardhillah F. , Savitri H.D. , Maharani T.F. , Putri R.F.
Published: December 2023

The industrial sector and economic growth are important indicators to determine the success of the development of a region. This analysis aims to determine the influence between economic growth and industrial sectors in Maluku Province. Analysis of the manufacturing industry sector condition in Maluku Province was carried out using descriptive analysis methods with data sourced from the Central Statistics Agency in 2022. The analysis was carried out by observing the trend of the percentage contribution of the industrial sector to the GRP of Maluku Province, compared to the same trend at the national level and Location Quotient (LQ) analysis to determine the position of the industrial sector in Maluku Province. The manufacturing industry sector is the sector that has the highest value contribution compared to other economic sectors to Maluku's GRP since the total output value of the manufacturing industry is the highest. The manufacturing industry sector has a very important role for the economy in Maluku Province, especially in economic growth.
The Changes of Employment and Labor Productivity in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia During The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Widhatama A.F. , Sabrina G.F.A. , Wulandari H.A. , Setyastuti I.A. , Putra J.H. , Putri R.F.
Published: December 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a huge impact on various sectors, one of which is the employment sector in Indonesia. Through employment studies, it is hoped that it will be able to overcome employment problems which include labor absorption and labor productivity during the pandemic. This study is intended to determine labor absorption and labor productivity in South Sulawesi Province, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic by analyzing several indicators. Analysis of labor absorption is carried out based on main employment, employment by type, and employment status. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method by explaining changes in the dynamics of employment through absorption and labor productivity in South Sulawesi Province through BPS secondary data related to the state of the workforce in South Sulawesi Province. Quantitative analysis is used to measure labor productivity which is assessed through the elasticity of employment opportunities based on the type of business field. Through this study, a description of the absorption of labor in South Sulawesi Province showed that the Covid-19 pandemic had affected variations in the value of elasticity and absorption of labor in South Sulawesi Province.
GIS-Based Analysis of Land Suitability for Rice Production in Food Buffer Area of New Capital City Indonesia
Authors: Setyanto Dwi Putra , Susanto Sahid , Setyawan Chandra , Zaki Muhamad Khoiru
Published: December 2023

Land suitability plays a crucial role in increasing food production including rice. This research aims to analyze land suitability for rice production using Geospatial and Geographic Information System (GIS) approaches. Five indicators presented in GIS raster maps, such as topography (land elevation), land slope, annual rainfall, flood hazard, and soil type were used for land suitability assessment and applied in the Paser Regency, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. Quantitative assessment using scoring was applied to classify the indicator values and categorize land suitability into four categories, namely highly suitable (S1), moderately suitable (S2), marginally suitable (S3), and not suitable (N). The result indicated that the study area was covered by three zone categories of land suitability i.e., moderately suitable (8.49%), marginally suitable (77.9%), and not suitable (13.61%). The characteristics of land elevation, land slope and rainfall were relatively suitable for rice crop cultivation. Whereas the characteristics of the soil, which was peat and acidic, were constraining factors in cultivating rice crops. Flood disasters in areas with low slopes and elevations significantly threatened rice fields. This study provides a valuable reference for assisting decision-makers in planning optimal land use for rice production particularly under tropical climate.
The settlement quality study based on the physical condition of the building and the socio-economic conditions of Prenggan Village Yogyakarta
Authors: Nadia Safa Arub , Permatasari Dewi Halimah , Kusumawardhani Ekky Elfira , Azzahra Intan , Putri Ratih Fitria
Published: December 2023

Settlements are residential areas complete with facilities and infrastructure, both environmental and public facilities. Furthermore, the quality of settlements is the level or degree of settlements which describe settlements in meeting the needs of their inhabitants. The data collection method used was a field terrestrial survey with the help of GIS tools. Settlement quality assessment was conducted by using grading on each aspect then scored, and analyzed by using descriptive statistical analysis. The identification of the quality of settlements can be done through terrestial survey. It’s a survey which takes the researcher to directly do the observation with field questionnaire.This field survey was conducted through structured interviews with selected respondents. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method. This method is used to describe the condition of the quality of settlements in Prenggan Village, according to the facts in the field. The results of the research show that (1) the quality of settlements can be seen from economic characteristics aspect (KEAE), accessibility aspect (AK), physical building aspects (FB), environmental sanitation aspect (SL), residential environment aspect (LH) and (2) Prenggan Village is dominated by medium-high quality settlements.
Assessment of risks and threats to regional energy security of the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Panasiuk Vasiliy
Published: December 2023

Energy security ensuring is one of the main tasks of the state, while the sustainable socio-economic development of the region directly depends on the level of regional energy security. Risks and threats to energy security of regions assessment is an important task. In this article the methodology of calculating a comprehensive indicator for assessing risks and threats to the regional energy security of the Republic of Belarus is proposed.
Approaches to solving the problems of development of Irkutsk power system and improving the reliability of consumers power supply
Authors: Osak Alexey , Buzina Elena
Published: December 2023

In the power system of the Irkutsk region since 2020, there has been a significant increase in the maximum electrical load, which amounted to more than 1.2 GW. As a result, the available reserves of power generating capacity and capacity of power grid were exhausted. In the coming years, situations of occurrence of an uncovered power shortage during periods of maximum loads are possible. It is proposed to solve the problems by increasing the flexibility of the power system, reducing the peak consumption and levelling the load schedule, including through price-dependent demand response for electric energy and power through the development of regulatory legal acts in the field of electricity supply, technological connection and improving the payment system for electricity and power, including at the level of utility and household consumers.
Development of a mathematical model for the study of transients in general primary frequency control in power systems
Authors: Fyodorova Viktoriya , Kirichenko Viktor , Glazyrin Gleb
Published: December 2023

General primary frequency regulation (GPFR) is employed within the power system to limit frequency variation deviations from a reference value in positive and negative directions, ensuring safe power object operations and reducing the prevalence of power outages. Specific requirements outlined in normative documents must be met when carrying out GPFR procedures. However, in practice, frequency regulation is beset by a range of issues. Certain emergency disturbances induce undamped frequency fluctuations and unwarranted customer and generator outages. A striking illustration of this phenomenon is provided by the Norilsk-Taimyr power system mishap involving an imbalanced active power of 40 MW. Low-frequency oscillations persisted for nearly 30 seconds, and stable GPFR operation was only achieved at a rate equivalent to 25 %, which falls short of the stipulated standards. This study highlights the issue of suboptimal GPFR laws for controlling frequency in a power system with multiple frequency-leading power plants. The Norilsk-Taimyr power system is modelled using MATLAB to investigate transients in GPFR. The results identify shortcomings in the current control laws and provide criteria for developing updated control algorithms.
Simple population-based algorithms for solving optimization problems
Authors: Baskar Amaladosan
Published: December 2023

Heuristic algorithms are simple yet powerful tools that are capable of yielding acceptable results in a reasonable execution time. Hence, they are being extensively used for solving optimization problems by researchers nowadays. Due to the quantum of computing power and hardware available today, a large number of dimensions and objectives are considered and analyzed effectively. This paper proposes new population-based metaheuristic algorithms that are capable of combining different strategies. The new strategies help in fast converging as well as trying to avoid local optima. The proposed algorithms could be used as single-phase as well as two-phase algorithms with different combinations and tuning parameters. “Best”, “Mean” and “Standard Deviation” are computed for thirty trials in each case. The results are compared with many efficient optimization algorithms available in the literature. Sixty-one popular un-constrained benchmark problems with dimensions varying from two to thousand and fifteen constrained real-world engineering problems are used for the analyses. The results show that the new algorithms perform better for several test cases. The suitability of the new algorithms for solving multi-objective optimization problems is also studied using five numbers of two-objective ZDT problems. Pure Diversity, Spacing, Spread and Hypervolume are the metrics used for the evaluation.
A new family of hybrid conjugate gradient method for unconstrained optimization and its application to regression analysis
Authors: Ben Hanachi Sabrina , Sellami Badreddine , Belloufi Mohammed
Published: December 2023

We know many conjugate gradient algorithms (CG) for solving unconstrained optimization problems. In this paper, based on the three famous Liu–Storey (LS), Fletcher–Reeves (FR) and Polak–Ribiére–Polyak (PRP) conjugate gradient methods, a new hybrid CG method is proposed. Furthermore, the search direction satisfies the sufficient descent condition independent of the line search. Likewise, we prove, under the strong Wolfe line search, the global convergence of the new method. In this respect, numerical experiments are performed and reported, which show that the proposed method is efficient and promising. In virtue of this, the application of the proposed method for solving regression models of COVID-19 is provided.
How does humble leadership influence employee improvisation? A motivational perspective
Authors: Sun Liuqi , Huang Chongrong , Wu Zhifan , Li Chengyan
Published: December 2023

In the era of variability, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity, organizations must improvise to deal with emergencies. Drawing on the proactive motivation model, we explored the connection between humble leadership and employees’ improvisation, and its mechanism and boundary conditions. The participants were sourced from various enterprises located in Shanghai, Shandong, Heilongjiang, Hainan, and other regions. Through a scenario-based simulation experiment (N = 91) and a questionnaire survey (N = 217), we derived five key findings. First, humble leadership positively affects employee improvisation. Employees’ positive emotions mediated the relationship, while both positive employee emotions and leader–member exchanges play a chain-mediating role. Moreover, power distance orientation negatively moderates the promotion effect. Finally, the indirect effect of humble leadership on improvisation via positive employee emotion is stronger for employees with low power distance orientations. Our study primarily focuses on individual-level improvisation, which enriches the knowledge of the connection between leadership style and improvised behaviors while also expanding upon the proactive motivation model framework. Additionally, practical insights are provided for promoting improvisation.
Advances in microfluidic-based DNA methylation analysis
Authors: Li Jiwen , Li Tiechuan , Duan Xuexin
Published: December 2023

DNA methylation has been extensively investigated in recent years, not least because of its known relationship with various diseases. Progress in analytical methods can greatly increase the relevance of DNA methylation studies to both clinical medicine and scientific research. Microfluidic chips are excellent carriers for molecular analysis, and their use can provide improvements from multiple aspects. On-chip molecular analysis has received extensive attention owing to its advantages of portability, high throughput, low cost, and high efficiency. In recent years, the use of novel microfluidic chips for DNA methylation analysis has been widely reported and has shown obvious superiority to conventional methods. In this review, we first focus on DNA methylation and its applications. Then, we discuss advanced microfluidic-based methods for DNA methylation analysis and describe the great progress that has been made in recent years. Finally, we summarize the advantages that microfluidic technology brings to DNA methylation analysis and describe several challenges and perspectives for on-chip DNA methylation analysis. This review should help researchers improve their understanding and make progress in developing microfluidic-based methods for DNA methylation analysis.
Transient power dynamics in nematic electroconvection
Authors: Peel Justin H. , Daum Marcus J. , Cerbus Rory T. , Cressman John Robert
Published: December 2023

We have observed the transient dynamics in nematic electroconvection during a sudden change in the driving voltage. The steady state dynamics of nematic electroconvection during a constant driving voltage are well characterized examples of spatiotemporal chaos, and thus are useful for the study of chaotic transients. For a set of starting conditions, we were able to show that the system can enter a long-lived transient state with a larger power dissipation rate. This transient state decays through the skew varicose instabilities into steady state defect turbulence. We observed the onset of both Eckhaus and skew varicose instabilities, interpret this transition in the framework of dynamical crisis, and quantify the transition through the evolution of the information entropy in the images as well as the power dissipated by the sample. We identify this long-lived but transient state as originating from the structure of the convective rolls in the initial state and hypothesize that the exploitation of transient states such as these may occur in natural systems and could be leveraged for industrial processing.
Polytope compatibility—From quantum measurements to magic squares
Authors: Bluhm Andreas , Nechita Ion , Schmidt Simon
Published: December 2023

Several central problems in quantum information theory (such as measurement compatibility and quantum steering) can be rephrased as membership in the minimal matrix convex set corresponding to special polytopes (such as the hypercube or its dual). In this article, we generalize this idea and introduce the notion of polytope compatibility, by considering arbitrary polytopes. We find that semiclassical magic squares correspond to Birkhoff polytope compatibility. In general, we prove that polytope compatibility is in one-to-one correspondence with measurement compatibility, when the measurements have some elements in common and the post-processing of the joint measurement is restricted. Finally, we consider how much tuples of operators with appropriate joint numerical range have to be scaled in the worst case in order to become polytope compatible and give both analytical sufficient conditions and numerical ones based on linear programming.
A study on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) strain sensor based on symmetrical lever structure
Authors: Pang Weihan , Ma Chao , Zhao Lin , Yang Hainan , Guo Wenhao , Lu Mingyu
Published: December 2023

Thin-walled structure deformation detection technology is one of the key technologies for structural health monitoring and fault diagnosis of high-end mechanical equipment. Aiming at the problem that the existing Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) strain sensor is difficult to effectively measure the deformation of thin-walled structures, an FBG strain sensor based on a symmetrical lever structure is proposed. The sensitivity of the sensor is analyzed theoretically, and the sensor is simulated and analyzed by the SOLIDWORKS and Abaqus software, and then, the structural parameters are optimized. According to the simulation results, the sensor is developed and a strain testing system is set up to test the performance of the sensor. The results indicate that the sensor sensitivity is ∼6.6 pm/με, which is about 5.5 times that of bare FBG. Its strain measurement sensitivity and stability are much higher than those of bare FBG, thus meeting the strain detection requirements of thin-walled structural parts during deformation. Moreover, the linearity is more than 99%, which enables the accurate measurement of tiny strains caused by the deformation and reconstruction of the thin-walled structure by the strain sensor. The results of this study provide a reference for the development of like sensors and a further improvement in the sensitivity of the optic-fiber strain sensor.
OctoShaker: A versatile robotic biomechanical agitator for cellular and organoid research
Authors: Huang Yan , Lee Soojung , Liu Wenhao , Takayama Shuichi , Jia Shu
Published: December 2023

Mechanical forces have increasingly been recognized as a key regulator in the fate of cellular development and functionality. Different mechanical transduction methods, such as substrate stiffness and magnetic bead vibration, have been experimented with to understand the interaction between the biophysical cues and cellular outcome. In the exploration and utilization of the intrinsic cellular mechanism, bio-shakers, traditionally invented for stirring liquid, have garnered more interest as a tool to provide precise mechanical stimuli to aid in this study. Nonetheless, despite the usefulness of current bio-shaking technology, each type of shaker often offers a single mode of motion, insufficient for generating complex force dynamics needed to resemble the actual physical condition that occurs inside living organisms. In this study, we present OctoShaker, a robotic instrument capable of creating a multitude of motions that could be sequenced or programmed to mimic sophisticated hemodynamics in vivo. We demonstrated the programmed motion of circular convection and investigated its influence on micro-particle distribution in 96-well culture microplates. Biological samples, including HeLa cells and organoids, were tested, and unique resultant patterns were observed. We anticipate the open-source dissemination of OctoShaker in diverse biological applications, encompassing biomechanical studies for cellular and organoid research, as well as other disciplines that demand dynamic mechanical force generation.
Prediction of heating performance of carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioning system for electric vehicles based on PSO-BP optimization
Authors: Zhang Yan , Zhao Yu , Yan Fuwu , He Liange , Zhao Donggang , Huang Jianglu
Published: December 2023

CO2 heat pump air conditioning (HPAC) systems for electric vehicles (EVs) have received widespread attention for their excellent low-temperature heating capabilities. However, the range of EVs is limited by the battery energy storage, which makes the energy demand of the heating system affect the energy use efficiency of the drive battery. In order to measure the thermal economy of the air conditioning (AC) system in terms of heating, the index of coefficient of performance (COP) is often used. Accurate COP prediction can help optimize the performance of heat HPAC systems for EVs to avoid energy wastage and thus improve the range of the vehicle. In this study, we use a backpropagation (BP) neural network combined with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to predict and optimize the COP of the CO2 HPAC system for EVs. First, a COP prediction model of the CO2 HPAC system for EVs was established, which can consider a variety of influencing factors, and the key parameters affecting the COP of the AC system were obtained through experiments. Second, a BP neural network is used to predict the COP of the CO2 HPAC system, and in order to overcome the shortcomings of the BP neural network, which is slow and prone to fall into the minimum value, the particle swarm algorithm PSO is introduced to optimize the weights and biases of the BP neural network, so as to improve the accuracy and stability of the prediction. Through this study, we combine the BP neural network with the PSO algorithm to achieve accurate prediction and optimization of the COP of the HPAC system of an EV, which provides a strong support for the improvement of energy use efficiency. Second, we considered a variety of influencing factors, such as outdoor temperature, compressor speed, and EV status, which made the prediction model more accurate and applicable. Finally, the method proposed in this study is validated on a real dataset, and the optimization of the BP neural network using the particle swarm algorithm PSO can improve the accuracy of COP prediction for HPAC systems by 65.8%.
Electron and ion behaviors at the graphene/metal interface during the acidic water electrolysis
Authors: Xu Yue , He Yingjian , Wang Shaofeng , Wu Zhaomeng , Hu Haolin , Jeong Samuel , Lin Xi , Hu Kailong
Published: December 2023

Hydrogen produced via proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis has been considered as one of the most promising alternatives to store and convert energy derived from renewable sources. The acidic environment within the PEM electrolyzer poses challenges to the metal-based electrocatalysts employed in both cathode and anode, necessitating a high level of corrosion resistance. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the emerging graphene-encapsulated metals in catalyzing cathodic and anodic reactions of water electrolysis under acidic media. The two major behaviors occurring at the graphene/metal interface, i.e., the electron transfer and ionic penetration, are systematically discussed owing to the experimental results and computational simulations. The correlation between the graphene shell and underlying metal, as well as their impact on the electron and ion behaviors, is further revealed. The mechanisms governed by the electron and ion behaviors are proposed for graphene encapsulated metal catalysts, providing valuable insights toward the design of cutting-edge metal catalysts for the acidic water electrolysis.
Fabrication and structure analysis of freestanding BaTiO3–CeO2 epitaxial nanocomposite membranes
Authors: Chen Xinyan , Wei Long , Li Jiangxiao , Wang Ziyue , Kuang Lingling , Tao Yajun , Dong Yongqi , Chen Kai , Luo Zhenlin
Published: December 2023

Vertically aligned nanocomposite films hold the promise of making a significant contribution to the performance enhancement and multifunctional integration of flexible thin-film devices but are hindered by the difficulty of direct epitaxial growth on flexible substrates. In this work, freestanding BaTiO3–CeO2 epitaxial nanocomposite membranes were prepared by using water-soluble Sr3Al2O6 as the sacrificial buffer during film deposition. The membrane's lattice parameters as well as their epitaxial relationship, before and after its removal from the single-crystal substrates, were quantitatively measured and analyzed by combining x-ray diffraction and TEM. In addition, synchrotron soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals the discrepancy in the surface and internal electron states of Ce and Ti via comparative studies in total electron yield mode and transmission mode, respectively. This work exemplified that freestanding membranes provide a convenient platform for (1) the study of in-plane lattice information of epitaxial oxide films via TEM and for (2) the comparative study of surface and internal electron band information of epitaxial oxide films.
Selective control of Poiseuille Rayleigh Bénard flows instabilities by spanwise dielectric-barrier-discharge plasma actuation
Authors: Yan Rihua , Wu Bin , Gao Chao , Wang Yushuai , Hao Jiangnan
Published: December 2023

In this study, a body force model of dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuators is employed in Navier–Stokes computations to investigate the effect of the convective instability of Poiseuille Rayleigh Bénard (PRB) flow. We considered PRB flows (Pr = 2/3) in air in channels with an aspect ratio A = L/H = 20, with Reynolds numbers in the range of 10 ≤ Re ≤ 100 and a Rayleigh number of Ra = 104. The effect of flow Reynolds number, duty cycle, and burst frequency of plasma actuation on the PRB flows are studied. The results demonstrate that induced vortices near the plasma actuators enhance the development of thermoconvective transversal rolls, significantly improving heat transfer efficiency. At Reynolds number Re=25, the thermoconvective transversal roll region is extended by a factor of two, resulting in a threefold increase in heat transfer efficiency. As the Reynolds number increases, the influence of plasma-induced vortices on PRB flow field instability diminishes. When Re=100, plasma-induced vortices no longer change the flow field structure. The duty cycle significantly influences flow field instability, and the flow field structure varies greatly at different duty cycles, with higher duty cycles leading to larger heat transfer coefficients. In contrast, burst frequency has a relatively minor impact on flow field structure but results in increased heat transfer efficiency as frequency rises. Furthermore, by means of the Lagrangian method, we observe that the size and displacement of the induced vortex produced by the plasma actuator increase with the increasing duty cycle but decrease with increasing burst frequency.
A life off the beaten track in biomechanics: Imperfect elasticity, cytoskeletal glassiness, and epithelial unjamming
Authors: Atia Lior , Fredberg Jeffrey J.
Published: December 2023

Textbook descriptions of elasticity, viscosity, and viscoelasticity fail to account for certain mechanical behaviors that typify soft living matter. Here, we consider three examples. First, strong empirical evidence suggests that within lung parenchymal tissues, the frictional stresses expressed at the microscale are fundamentally not of viscous origin. Second, the cytoskeleton (CSK) of the airway smooth muscle cell, as well as that of all eukaryotic cells, is more solid-like than fluid-like, yet its elastic modulus is softer than the softest of soft rubbers by a factor of 104–105. Moreover, the eukaryotic CSK expresses power law rheology, innate malleability, and fluidization when sheared. For these reasons, taken together, the CSK of the living eukaryotic cell is reminiscent of the class of materials called soft glasses, thus likening it to inert materials such as clays, pastes slurries, emulsions, and foams. Third, the cellular collective comprising a confluent epithelial layer can become solid-like and jammed, fluid-like and unjammed, or something in between. Esoteric though each may seem, these discoveries are consequential insofar as they impact our understanding of bronchospasm and wound healing as well as cancer cell invasion and embryonic development. Moreover, there are reasons to suspect that certain of these phenomena first arose in the early protist as a result of evolutionary pressures exerted by the primordial microenvironment. We have hypothesized, further, that each then became passed down virtually unchanged to the present day as a conserved core process. These topics are addressed here not only because they are interesting but also because they track the journey of one laboratory along a path less traveled by.
Biomimetic platelet nanoparticles encapsulated with proteasome inhibitor bortezomib for multiple myeloma treatment
Authors: Gao Guangtao , Xu Yong , Gan Jingjing , Cao Xinya , Dong Xiaoqing , Fang Mengkun , Du Ying , Xu Peipei , Che Junyi , Chen Bing
Published: December 2023

The discovery of bortezomib (BTZ) has been a major clinical breakthrough for multiple myeloma (MM) treatment. However, its clinical application is restricted to a low tumor-targeting ability, fast clearance, and treatment-related toxicity. Here, we report a targeting strategy of MM by poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA) nanoparticles cloaking with platelet membranes (PMs) encapsulating BTZ (PM/BTZNPs). The drug delivery system could encapsulate sufficient BTZ with suitable nanoparticle characteristics for cellular uptake via an easy fabrication process. Of note, PM coating markedly enhances the selectivity, cellular uptake, and anticancer effects of BTZ in LP-1 cells. PM/BTZNPs further display a targeted drug delivery system to MM, causing a low toxicity effect and exhibiting an obvious survival advantage compared to nontargeted BTZ. Therefore, PM/BTZNPs, as a biomimetic nanotherapeutic formulation, demonstrate a high potential for MM patients.