bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anteseden Niat Membeli Produk Counterfeit
Authors: Setyawati Harini Abrilia
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel novelty seeking, brand image, materialism terhadap niat membeli produk counterfeit. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu masyarakat di Kabupaten Kebumen. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 100 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah non-probability sampling. Metode pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif, dan analisis statistik. Alat bantu Pengolahan data yang digunakan adalah SPSS for windows versi 25.0. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) variabel novelty seeking berpengaruh terhadap niat membeli produk counterfeit. (2) variabel brand image berpengaruh terhadap niat membeli produk counterfeit.(3) variabel materialism berpengaruh terhadap niat membeli produk counterfeit.
Hydrodesulfurization and Hydrodearomatization of Kerosene over high metal loading Ni w/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst
Authors: Hussein Hussein Qasim , Ali Salah Mehdi , Altabbakh Ban Abdulrahman Ahmed , Hussein Sattar Jalil , Ali Yazan Munaf , Ibrahim Saad  karim , Yousif Saba Abdulridha
Published: May 2021

The present research investigates hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and hydrodearomatization (HAD) of raw kerosene with 0.364 wt. % sulfur and 16.498 wt. % aromatics supplied from Al-Dura Refinery. Hydrotreating reactions were carried out in one stage reactor over high metal  Ni W/γ-Al2O3 prepared catalyst at different temperatures 275-350oC, pressures 32-62 bar, LHSV 1-4 hr-1, and H2/HC ratios 200-500. The prepared catalyst was pre-sulfided remarkably at low temperature and high pressure to avoid risky of sintering associated with gaining the active sulfide phase at high temperatures.  Results showed an obvious differences between HDS and HAD rates due to difficulty of polyaromatics saturation compared with desulfurization. Sulfur and aromatics removal were achieved from 74.9% to 95.6% and from 1% to 12.8% respectively at different operating conditions. Advanced saturation conditions were promoted the hydrogenation reaction bath and played a significant role for achieving acceptable levels of HDS and HDA.  In general, HDS and HDA increased with decreasing LHSV and increasing temperature, pressure, and H2/HC ratio. Burning quality, fire hazard, and aromatics content of kerosene were characterized by measuring of smoke point, flash point, and aniline point respectively. These properties were enhanced at different hydrotreating conditions due to the skeletal conformation change of kerosene hydrocarbons during reactions.
The Effect of Surfactant on Zeolite Preparation from Iraqi Kaolin
Authors: Ahmed Zeki Nada S. , Jaeed Yasameen M. , Abass Marwa N.
Published: May 2021

In this study, zeolite type A was successfully prepared from kaolin; as a source for silica and alumina. The effect of a cationic surfactant (hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTABr) was studied during the preparation of zeolite type A from kaolin clay (structurally modified).  The addition ratio was (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) CTABr. Also, CTABr was added with different amounts of (25, 75, 150 and 300) mg/l to commercial zeolite type A (surface modified). The prepared samples were characterized using FTIR, surface area and adsorption capacity.

    The results indicated that the adsorption capacity was decreased as the concentration of CTABr is increased. The minimum adsorption capacity was 8.4109 % gH2O / gzeolite using 300 mg/l of surfactant, while it was reached 6.907% gH2O / gzeolite by using 0.8% CTABr of kaolin within the preparation.

Furthermore, the increased amounts of CTABr causes to increase the surface area of surface modified zeolite where it was increase from (19.938 to 23.8655, 24.377 and 25.2174 (m2/g achieving an increase of 22.6, 25.2 and 29.6% respectively, A large increase more than 100% in the surface area was obtained for the structurally modified samples by increasing the CTABr concentration from (13.0113 to 24.0935, 25.7594, 26.2719 and 27.12) m2/g.
Levels of marker lysosomal hydrolases in women with coronary heart disease depending on age and sex hormone level
Authors: Tsygankova O. V. , Evdokimova N. E. , Ragino Yu. I. , Latyntseva L. D. , Veretyuk V. V. , Starichkova A. A.
Published: May 2021

Aim of the study was to evaluate the serum concentrations of three marker lysosomal hydrolases (cathepsin D, acid phosphatase (AP) and acid DNase (aDNAase)) in women with coronary heart disease (CHD) depending on the level of follicle-­stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone (T), age and find if those parameters associated with anthropometric parameters, glycemia, insulinemia and HOMA-IR index, biomarkers of atherosclerosis. The study included 285 women aged 35–65 years (median age was 54.4 years (25% and 75% percentiles — 43.2 and 61.3 years, respectively) who had had myocardial infarction no earlier than 30 days before the examination. Patients were divided into the following age groups: 35–55 and 56–65 years (first and second age groups, respectively), and into groups according to the levels of sex hormones: FSH ≥ and <30 mIU/mL and testosterone ≥ and <3 nmol/L. Results of comparative and correlation analyzes demonstrates that in women 35–65 years old with FSH ≥30 mIU/mL, the levels of cathepsin D are higher (p<0.05) than in patients with FSH <30 mIU/mL, and in women 35–55 years old, the content of AP was also higher (p=0.025). Associations of a high level of androgen with lysosomal hyperenzymemia were demonstrated only in the second age group, where at a level of T ≥3 nmol/L, higher values of all three lysosomal enzymes were recorded. Multivariate analysis in both age groups is confirmed direct impact of periand postmenopausal periods on the levels of lysosomal enzymemia and, accordingly, a negative effect on the state of lysosomal membranes. Thus, FSH levels directly determined the concentrations of AP and cardiotropic cathepsin D. The levels of aDNAase in women with CHD of 56–65 years of age were positively correlated with indicators that determine insulin-­glucose homeostasis: glycemia (p<0.001), HOMA-IR index (p<0.001). Such associations of three marker lysosomal enzymes demonstrate the primary contribution of FSH ≥30 mIU/mL to an increase in the concentration of lysosomal hydrolases in women with CHD35–65 years old and the correlation of aDNAase with the processes triggered by insulin resistance.
Tourism Economy and Local Development in San-Pedro
Authors: Abel Bolou Gbitry , Didier-Charles Gouaméné , Jean Didier Boua Djaman , Axel Désiré Nassa Dabié
Published: May 2021

Coastal city of the Ivory Coast, San-Pedro is rich in natural, economic and tourist resources. This study analyses the contribution of the tourism economy to local development. Documentary research and a field survey were used to collect data. It should be remembered that San-Pedro has floristic, climatic and hydrographic assets. Moreover, human capital is one of the pillars of this activity with a diversity of actors, a socio-cultural wealth including remarkable historic sites (10) and twenty-eight (28) tourist establishments of varied standing. Despite these assets, the tourist economy suffers from an organizational dysfunction and a weakness in investments. With 64% of the Ivorian workforce working mainly in informal or ephemeral sectors linked to the tourism economy, only 10% of the households surveyed said they were feeling the effects of it. The spatial, social and economic impact of the tourist sector remains below the real potential of this locality and below expectations.
Aprendendo com a experiência? A atuação da SANDF na MONUSCO e seu impacto nas relações civis-militares da África do Sul
Authors: Ribeiro Mota Filho Julio Cesar
Published: May 2021

Esta pesquisa propõe-se a verificar em quais aspectos a experiência da Força Nacional de Defesa da África do Sul (SANDF) na Missão das Nações Unidas na República Democrática do Congo (MONUSCO) contribui para a concretização dos anseios civis sobre os militares na África do Sul pós-apartheid. Para este empreendimento, o estudo de caso apoia-se sobre os pressupostos teóricos de Bruneau e Matei (2008) e guia-se por meio de metodologia qualitativa pautada em análise documental reunida em procedimento de revisão narrativa. O artigo está dividido em duas partes principais, além de introdução e conclusão. Na introdução, contextualizam-se as inflexões políticas que ocorreram na África do Sul pós-apartheid e questões metodológicas que guiarão este trabalho. Após realizada essa etapa, aspectos teóricos das relações civis-militares são apresentados na primeira parte. Na segunda parte, os impactos da missão da SANDF na MONUSCO para efetividade militar, eficiência, mecanismos de monitoramento e controle civil na África do Sul são analisados. Por último, as considerações finais desta pesquisa são realizadas, as quais estabelecem que, apesar de ter parcialmente contribuído para a consolidação dos anseios civis em relação à efetividade e ao controle dos militares por meio dos mecanismos formais de monitoramento, a experiência da SANDF na MONUSCO tem gerado impacto negativo para a ratificação da eficiência, a qual tem, consequentemente, atenuado os ganhos advindos dos esforços formais de supervisão de Pretória sobre o controle dos militares na África do Sul pós-apartheid, colocando o Estado em uma situação de dubiedade em relação ao adequado controle civil e à harmonia das relações civis-militares.Palavras-Chave: Relações civis-militares; SANDF; MONUSCO.
DENDROFLORA DA ESCOLA ESTADUAL PROFESSORA CLARA MENEZES DIAS, JAÍBA-MG: ESTRUTURA, SÍNDROMES DE DISPERSÃO PRIMÁRIA E POLINIZAÇÃO
Authors: Barbosa Xavier Márcio Venícius , De Almeida Elaine Soares , Mota Fonseca Ana Paula , Oliveira Almeida Lucas Verciane
Published: May 2021

Objetivou-se conhecer a dendroflora da Escola Estadual Professora Clara Menezes Dias, Jaíba-MG, caracterizar sua estrutura, distribuição das síndromes de dispersão primária e polinização, e gerar uma chave de identificação das espécies. Foram avaliados todos os indivíduos vivos com circunferência à altura do peito (CAP) ≥ a 15 cm, sendo categorizados em nativo da região, nativo do Brasil, exótico cultivado e exótico naturalizado. A investigação das síndromes de dispersão primária e polinização foi baseada na análise de frutos e flores, respectivamente. A estrutura da comunidade foi calculada por meio da Frequência, Densidade Relativa e Dominância Relativa. A diversidade foi analisada pelos índices de Shannon (H’) e de Equabilidade (J’). Foram encontrados 84 indivíduos, distribuídos em 11 famílias, 23 gêneros e 25 espécies. Fabaceae foi a família mais representativa, com 10 espécies. 57% das espécies são nativas e 43% são exóticas. As síndromes de dispersão primária e polinização predominantes foram anemocoria e melitofilia, respectivamente. O índice de Shannon foi 2,11, considerado intermediário para o total de indivíduos amostrados e o de Equabilidade foi 0,657, demonstrando uma baixa uniformidade nas proporções do número de indivíduos em relação ao número de espécies na área.
El parachutage en el Parlamento británico: una primera aproximación (2001-2019)
Authors: Ramírez de Luis Fernando , Harguindéguy Jean-Baptiste
Published: May 2021

Este artículo investiga la dimensión territorial del reclutamiento de las élites parlamentarias en el Reino Unido. En concreto, se centra en los diputados nacidos fuera de su distrito —los llamados «cuneros»— durante el período 2001-2019. Pese a la demanda social de candidatos locales, el parachutage está lejos de desaparecer. Esta contradicción estructural de la política británica merece toda nuestra atención. ¿Pero quiénes son estos diputados? Haciendo un análisis descriptivo, se explora la evolución temporal del fenómeno, el origen territorial de los cuneros, sus partidos de referencia, su arraigo, su cercanía al poder ejecutivo, su género y su edad a través de una base de datos propia. Los resultados apuntan hacia un fenómeno estable en el tiempo y concentrado en el centro y el este de Inglaterra. En estos casos, la adscripción partidista y la cercanía al poder ejecutivo son esenciales para estos paracaidistas, mayoritariamente londinenses, escoceses y extranjeros. Estos factores son esenciales para lograr un anclaje territorial que facilite su reelección.
Short and Long Term Oral Hygiene Maintenance Protocols for Traumatic Dental Injuries
Authors: Suragimath Girish , SR Ashwinirani
Published: May 2021

Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) occur when a person undergoes trauma due to variety of reasons. Traumatic injuries are part of the growing up years and can have ever lasting wounds with scarring on the affected individuals. Treatment and rehabilitation of the teeth with traumatic injuries are essential for long term survival of the teeth. Immediate care, appropriate diagnosis and treatment with comprehensive follow-up are essential for a favorable prognosis of the affected teeth. A coordinated effort from different specialties including general dentist, oral radiologist, pediatric dentist, periodontist, oral surgeon, orthodontist and endodontist is essential for success of the treatment. Team efforts involving these different specialists will help the patient to receive successful long term outcome. Proper oral hygiene maintenance during and after traumatic dental injury, is required to stop the deterioration of the tooth and periodontal structures. The caregiver in children and the adult with traumatic dental injuries should be educated and guided about the proper oral hygiene techniques especially in the areas with dental injury. Dentist must be aware of the treatments rendered to the teeth with trauma and should have up-to-date knowledge of the oral hygiene measures to be inculcated in the subjects with dental trauma. This chapter highlights the oral hygiene measures to be followed by the subjects with TDIs and also includes measures to be followed by the dentist in such a scenario.
Sustainable Carbon Management Practices (CMP) - A Way Forward in Reducing CO2 Flux
Authors: Sahu Biswabara , Chatterjee Snigdha , Patel Ruby
Published: May 2021

Asian agriculture sector contributes about 44% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. Predominantly paddy rice cultivation couples with indiscriminate use of agrochemicals, burning of fossil fuels in farm machinery majorly causes GHG emissions from farmlands in Asia. Presently, Asian soils have 25% cropland soil organic carbon (SOC) content but with moderately to highly vulnerability towards land degradation. To make up the soil carbon losses which has occurred due to continuous cultivation and tillage, it is recommended to adopt suitable carbon management practices to sequester carbon in soil through their physio-chemical protection. Conservation agriculture (CA), cover crop, crop diversification, integrated nutrient management (INM) and balanced fertilisation promotes better soil structure formation, stabilisation of aggregate associated carbon, microbial polymerisation of organic matter as well as a better root architecture. Carbon management practices not only improve soil fertility but also supports improved grain and straw yield. More the yield more biomass addition occurs to the soil. Soil carbon sequestration may not be the only panacea of climate change related issues, but is certainly a way forward to enriched soil fertility, improved agronomic production as well as adaptive- mitigation for offsetting anthropogenic GHG emission.
Cinnamomum zeylanicum: Morphology, Antioxidant Properties and Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Chandula Weerasekera Asel , Samarasinghe Kanchana , Krishantha Sameera de Zoysa Heethaka , Chathuranga Bamunuarachchige Thushara , Yashasvi Waisundara Viduranga
Published: May 2021

Cinnamomum zeylanicum is one of the oldest spices used for culinary purposes in Asian countries. Its extracts have demonstrated a positive impact on controlling the progression of disease pathologies due to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-mutagenic, anti-tyrosinase and antidiabetic characteristics. C. zeylanicum also has its unique variations which makes it necessary to distinguish it from other species of cinnamon. Phenolic compounds such as cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, carvacrol, cinnamic acetate and thymol are the main compounds that can be found in essential oils of C. zeylanicum. However, cinnamaldehyde and eugenol act as the main bioactive antioxidant compounds found in C. zeylanicum because of their active functional groups in the structures. There are many examples of the use of C. zeylanicum extracts for medicinal purposes, specifically cinnamon metabolite proanthocyanidins which suppress inflammatory compounds and help pathways such as insulin signaling. Moreover, the bioactive compounds in essential oils of this plant are used against many pathogenic (including food-borne) and spoilage bacteria.
De falsedades, mentiras y otras técnicas que faltan a la verdad para influir en la opinión pública
Authors: Serra Cristóbal Rosario
Published: May 2021

En el mundo de la superinformación propio de la era de internet es donde determinados mensajes pueden acabar calando en la opinión pública frente a otros, cosa que puede suceder de manera fortuita o, en la mayor parte de las ocasiones, de una forma pretendida. Es ahí donde las falsedades o las mentiras (fakes) pueden encontrar un terreno abonado para crear opiniones que tienen un demostrado potencial para desestabilizar gobiernos, influir en unas elecciones o poner en riesgo valores importantes del Estado (la igualdad, la dignidad, el pluralismo, la salud…). Aunque no existe una verdad absoluta en democracia y todo es opinable, en este artículo se analiza si hay afirmaciones, —bien provenientes del gobierno o de ciudadanos o de asociaciones o partidos políticos, no importa—, que, por su absoluto desprecio al rigor informativo o por su manifiesta intención de engañar, no son admisibles, incluso aunque se realicen en el marco del debate político y, por lo tanto, en el ejercicio de la libertad de expresión. Se defiende que la democracia exige libertad informativa, y exige participación, debate y opinión, pero en esa interacción hay unas mínimas reglas de juego —unos límites— que deben respetarse si se quiere hablar de una garantía democrática básica.In the world of superinformation featuring the Internet times, certain messages take root in the public opinion before other ones. This happens by hazard or, most often, intentionally. Falsehoods or fakes find a fertile ground to create opinions with proven potential to destabilize governments, influence elections or jeopardize important State values such as equality, dignity, pluralism, health, etc. Notwithstanding the lack of absolute truth in democracy, this article analyzes those statements issued by government, private citizens, associations or political parties, that, because of their absolute disregard for rigorous information or because of clear intention to deceive, cannot be admissible. This is so even if they are expressed in a political debate context as a result of free expression enjoyment. Democracy requires freedom of information, and demands participation, debate and opinion. In that interaction, nonetheless, minimum rules of the game —limits— must be respected so as to secure a basic democratic safeguard.
La jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional ante los delitos de opinión que castigan discursos extremos: comentario a la STC 35/2020 y más allá
Authors: Teruel Lozano Germán M.
Published: May 2021

La STC 35/2020, de 25 de febrero ha supuesto la consolidación de una jurisprudencia que ha sentado que sólo será constitucional reaccionar penalmente frente a discursos extremos, y en particular ante expresiones enaltecedoras del terrorismo, cuando tengan carácter incitador y resulte un peligro de que como consecuencia de su difusión pública puedan tener lugar actos violentos o discriminatorios. Pero esta sentencia va más allá y por primera vez exige que esa peligrosidad se acredite a través de toda una serie de elementos contextuales, intencionales y pragmático-lingüísticos. Sin embargo, la sentencia comentada también presenta sombras, ya que mantiene una concepción desfigurada del discurso del odio y no precisa con suficiencia los cánones que justifican limitar la libertad de expresión.The Spanish Constitutional Court Judgment n. 35/2020, February 25 has set a case law stablishing that punishing extreme speeches, in particular glorification of terrorism, will be constitutional as a form of provocation which creates a danger of violent or discriminatory acts. Beyond it, this judgment for the first time requires that the danger should be examined through contextual, intentional and pragmatic-linguistic elements. However, the commented judgement also presents shadows, since it maintains a distorted conception of hate speech and does not sufficiently specify the standards that justify a limit to freedom of expression.
A filosofia, a arte e a montanha
Authors: Frangne Pierre-Henry
Published: May 2021

Esse estudo, rápida autobiografia intelectual, permite a seu autor entender como se formaram, para ele, uma filosofia da arte e uma filosofia da existência mediante objetos tão diferentes quanto a crítica de arte, a música de Monteverdi, o pensamento de Mallarmé, a teoria das relações entre as artes na época contemporânea ou a fotografia de paisagem de montanha e do homem em alta montanha. Essa filosofia da existência, nos seus aspectos artísticos, estéticos e éticos, é uma filosofia da liberdade e da perseverança fundada na ideia de uma fragilidade, de uma vulnerabilidade e de uma precariedade da vida humana sempre a ensaiar mediante esforços incessantemente reiterados. Essa filosofia não é fundamentalmente disciplinar ou acadêmica. Ela tampouco saberia ser exclusivamente conceitual, já que ela pode ser construída rente às imagens da pintura, da fotografia e dos textos literários.
A dupla-distância do educador
Authors: Carvalho Diogo Ribeiro
Published: May 2021

Que motivações e problemas se apresentam na prática pedagógica formadora de arquitetos para o futuro? O artigo realiza um recorte temático, epistemológico e moral para analisar os fundamentos e as repercussões de um projeto de educação estética a partir de uma episteme aberta e experimental orientada por uma noção de naturalismo radical. Delineia-se a necessidade de amálgama entre uma consciência ecológica e uma consciência espiritual para um alargamento pleno e integral da percepção dos educandos.
Reverberação, gesto desencarnado, performance: a dimensão performativa da palavra na arte pública
Authors: Maceira Rodrigo
Published: May 2021

O artigo propõe um percurso teórico de observação da dimensão performativa da palavra na arte pública, a partir dos enquadramentos da performance nos trabalhos de Turner, Féral e Zumthor. Colocando em contato perspectivas e conceitos de diferentes campos das ciências humanas, a saber, a antropologia, as artes cênicas e a literatura, a abordagem busca tornar possível a descrição do seu objeto de interesse – palavras luminosas operadas por artistas em espaços públicos – como uma das expressões da performance na arte contemporânea. Para tanto, apresenta e relaciona as noções de liminoide/protoestrutura (TURNER, 1982, 2013), teatralidade e ato performativo (FÉRAL, 2015), e situação performancial (ZUMTHOR, 2014).
Método dialéctico y verdad en el Parménides de Platón
Authors: Matía Cubillo Gerardo Óscar
Published: May 2021

Se pretende contribuir a una mejor comprensión del método dialéctico empleando procedimientos de la lógica simbólica. El artículo aprovecha los progresos realizados en un trabajo anterior, en el que se formalizaron las hipótesis centrales del Parménides y se conectaron entre sí mediante la introducción del concepto de «participación relacional». La reinterpretación del significado de las formas del ser y el no ser da pie en esta ocasión a una original manera de enfocar el problema de la verdad en Platón, abriendo la puerta a una nueva lectura de diversos aspectos de su filosofía. Puede resultar interesante, asimismo, la solución que se propone a alguna de las aporías del Parménides.

Through logical procedures, the article aims to contribute to a better understanding of the dialectical method. This work takes advantage of the progress made in another previous one, in which the central hypotheses of the Parmenides were formalized and connected with success by introducing the concept of «relational participation». The reinterpretation of the meaning of the forms of being and non-being leads to an original way of approaching the problem of truth in Plato, opening the door to a new reading of various aspects of his philosophy. The solution proposed to some puzzles of the Parmenides may also be interesting.
proto-evolucionismo ilustrado de la teoría del lenguaje de Adam Smith
Authors: López Lloret Jorge
Published: May 2021

El presente artículo analiza las importantes aportaciones de Adam Smith a la teoría del lenguaje. Identifica dos niveles argumentativos coordinados, el primero procedente de la lógica del análisis y la síntesis y el segundo procedente de una interpretación del lenguaje como una herramienta de adaptación y transformación social del entorno natural. Esto permite identificar una “hipótesis del desarrollo” del lenguaje, que evoluciona desde lo homogéneo desarticulado hasta lo heterogéneo articulado. A partir de aquí, se define la especificidad de la teoría del lenguaje de Smith entre los siglos XVIII y XIX, así como sus consecuencias estéticas y educativas.

This article analyzes the important contributions of Adam Smith to the theory of language. It identifies two coordinated argumentative levels, the first coming from the logic of analysis and synthesis and the second coming from an interpretation of language as a tool for adaptation and social transformation of the natural environment. This allows identifying a language’s “development hypothesis”, which evolves from the disjointed homogeneous to the articulated heterogeneous. From here is defined the specificity of Smith’s theory of language, between the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, as well as its aesthetic and educational consequences.
Disincronía circadiana y su efecto sobre parámetros de síndrome metabólico en trabajadores: revisión integradora de la literatura
Authors: Zepeda Ríos Paola Alexandra , Quintana Zavala María Olga
Published: May 2021

Introducción: La pérdida del ritmo circadiano causado por desórdenes del sueño es considerada un factor de riesgo importante para desarrollar enfermedades metabólicas como hiperglicemia y resistencia a la insulina. Objetivo: Analizar la literatura existente referente a estudios sobre disincronía circadiana en trabajadores y su influencia sobre parámetros antropométricos de síndrome metabólico de los mismos.Método: Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos electrónicas EBSCO, Thompson Reuters, PubMed y Scopus, los términos de búsqueda seleccionados fueron: trabajo por turnos, melatonina, cortisol, síndrome metabólico, trabajo nocturno y ritmo circadiano, en los idiomas español e inglés, publicados de enero del 2015 a diciembre de 2018. La extracción se llevó a cabo utilizando un formulario prediseñado. Resultados: La búsqueda en las bases de datos arrojó 5,953 artículos, posterior a la indagación y depuración de los mismos aplicando los criterios de elegibilidad, se obtuvieron 13 artículos los cuales se organizaron en dos dimensiones para su análisis, estas se denominaron a) trabajo en turnos y factores de riesgo metabólico y b) trabajo en turnos y ciclo circadiano. Conclusiones: Es consistente la relación entre el trabajo nocturno o rotatorio, con diversas alteraciones metabólicas.

Introduction: the loss of the circadian rhythm caused by sleep disorders is considered an important risk factor for developing metabolic diseases such as hyperglycemia and insulin resistance.Aim: to analyze the existing information regarding studies on circadian dyssynchrony in workers and its influence on anthropometric parameters of their metabolic syndrome.Method: The literature review was carried out by searching the EBSCO, Thompson Reuters, PubMed and Scopus electronic databases, the selected search terms were: shift work, melatonin, cortisol, metabolic syndrome, night work and circadian rhythm in the Spanish and English languages published from January 2015 to December 2018. The extraction was carried out using a predesigned form. Results: The search in the databases yielded 5,953 articles, after the investigation and purification of the same ones applying the eligibility criteria, 13 articles were obtained which were organized in two dimensions for their analysis, these were called a) work in shifts and metabolic risk factors and b) shift work and the circadian cycle.Conclusions: The relationship between night or rotating work with various metabolic disorders is consistent.
Estudio preliminar del proceso fin de vida mediante triangulación de datos en un hospital comarcal
Authors: Alfaya-Góngora María del Mar , Sánchez-Ojeda María Angustias , Gallardo-Vigil Miguel Ángel , Navarro-Prado Silvia
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Conocer las características del proceso de final de vida en un Hospital Comarcal, según los actores implicados, estableciendo los elementos de convergencia/divergencia en el proceso asistencial, toma de decisiones, información y conocimientos. Método: Estudio observacional, transversal, descriptivo, convergente y analítico de métodos mixtos y triangulación de datos. Se realizó sobre una muestra de 63 sujetos, de los que 25 fueron profesionales, 19 familiares cuidadores y 19 historias clínicas de pacientes fallecidos a lo largo de un año.Resultados: La triangulación de datos muestra discrepancias entre familiares y profesionales de salud en cuanto a la calidad de la asistencia y la información facilitada. Destaca la falta de registro en las historias clínicas revisadas sobre aspectos del proceso asistencial relacionados con la toma de decisiones o la sedación terminal.Conclusión: Este estudio proporciona una visión integrada sobre la atención sanitaria en el proceso de final de vida prestada en un Hospital Comarcal. Muestra áreas prioritarias de intervención, para mejorar la calidad de vida en este proceso, como son la implicación del paciente en la toma de decisiones, la cumplimentación adecuada en las historias clínicas y la formación de los profesionales.

Objective: To know the characteristics of the end-of-life process in a Regional Hospital, according to the actors involved, establishing convergence/divergence elements in care process, decision-making, information and knowledge.Method: Observational, cross-sectional, descriptive, convergent of mixed methods and data triangulation study. Carried out on a sample of 63 subjects, of which 25 were health professionals, 19 family caregivers and 19 medical records of patients who died in the course of a year.Results: Data triangulation shows discrepancies between family members and health professionals regarding care quality and the information provided. The lack of documentation in medical records of care aspects related to decision-making or terminal sedation stands out.Conclusion: This study provides an integrated view of end-of-life care provided in a Regional Hospital, identifying priority areas of intervention in order to improve quality of life in this process, such as patient involvement in decision-making, appropriate completion of medical records and health professional training.
El VIH como vía de materialización de la Violencia de Género e Intragénero
Authors: Rodríguez Otero Luis Manuel , Lara Rodríguez María Gabriela
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: El objetivo general de esta investigación consiste en identificar la prevalencia y características de la violencia en pareja (perpetrador/a y receptor/a) en pacientes seropositivos adscritos al Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) de Nuevo León (México).Método: Se ha planteado una investigación cuantitativa, a través de un diseño descriptivo y transversal, utilizando como instrumento principal la escala Likert de violencia en la relación de pareja de Cienfuegos y la escala Likert sobre el uso del VIH como vía de materialización de la violencia. Se aplicaron 265 cuestionarios autoadministrados y se obtuvo una muestra de 198 pacientes Resultados: Existe una prevalencia de la violencia en pareja como receptor/a del 40.40% y como perpetrador/a del 40.90%, siendo en ambas formas la violencia psicológica la más frecuente. La prevalencia del uso del VIH como vía de materialización de la violencia en pareja como receptor/a es del 4.54% y como perpetrador/a del 2.52%. Existe una mayor proporción de víctimas y agresores mujeres, no heterosexuales y de parejas en la que ambos miembros son seropositivos; así como en pacientes con mayor nivel de apego seguro y satisfacción con la vida.Conclusiones: Al igual que en la VG, se constata la existencia de violencia en relaciones formas por personas del mismo sexo en la que alguno de sus miembros es seropositivo/a. Asimismo, se corrobora que el VIH se utiliza como medio para ejercer la violencia en pareja.

Objective: The general objective of this research is to identify the prevalence and characteristics of partner violence (perpetrator and recipient) in HIV positive patients enrolled in the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS, in Spanish) in the state of Nuevo Leon, Mexico.Methodology: A quantitative research was proposed, through a descriptive and transversal design, using as main instrument the Likert scale of violence in partner relationships of Cienfuegos and the Likert scale on the use of HIV as a means to materialize violence. We applied 265 self-administered questionnaires and obtained a statistic sample of 198 patients Results: There is a prevalence of partner violence of 40.40% as a receiver and of 40.90% as a perpetrator, psychological violence is the most frequent form in both cases. The prevalence of the use of HIV as a means of materializing partner violence as a recipient is of 4.54% and of 2.52% as a perpetrator. There is a higher proportion of non-heterosexual female victims and aggressors, and of couples in which both members are HIV positive; as well as in patients with a higher level of secure attachment and satisfaction with life.Conclusions: As in GBV (gender-based violence), there is evidence of the existence of violence in same-sex relationships in which one of the members is HIV positive. Likewise, it is possible to corroborate that HIV is used as a means to exercise partner violence.
The NIST IrisDaily dataset :
Authors: Matey James R
Published: May 2021

This paper describes a dataset, IrisDaily-NIST, that is under construction by NIST. At the present, this dataset has (nearly) daily iris images of a single subject collected with a commercial iris camera over a period of approximately 4 months. The purpose of the dataset is to enable evaluation of long and short term variability in match scores under optimal conditions. We present initial analysis of the data using two commercially available algorithms.
Les caméras portatives utilisées par les forces policières : suppositions et implications
Authors: Laming1 Erick , Schneider Christopher J. , Watson Patrick G. , Dubois Florence
Published: May 2021

Si l’on se penche sur les études portant sur l’usage de caméras portatives par les forces policières, on constate que le corpus est minime, et qu’il examine surtout d’éventuels effets dissuasifs de ces dispositifs quant au recours à la force par les policiers, et quant au comportement des citoyens lors des interactions avec ces derniers. La présente étude prend appui sur nos précédents travaux, sur des preuves empiriques ainsi que sur quelques anecdotes pertinentes afin d’illustrer trois enjeux méconnus de la question des caméras portatives, problématiques qui participent à encourager actuellement leur utilisation. Ces trois enjeux sont : 1) le marketing et la vente de caméras portatives auprès des forces de l’ordre ; 2) l’utilisation d’enregistrements provenant de ces caméras à des fins promotionnelles pour la police ; 3 le recours aux preuves visuelles à la cour, qui impliquent de plus en plus souvent des enregistrements de caméras portées par des policiers. Bien comprendre ces trois problématiques à la lumière de données empiriques demeure nécessaire afin d’avoir un regard critique sur les raisons pour lesquelles les forces de l’ordre ont recours aux caméras portatives et sur les manières dont elles les utilisent. Le présent article offrira en conclusion une courte discussion et des pistes pour des travaux subséquents.
Entre o segredo e a solidão: aborto ilegal na adolescência
Authors: Ferrari Wendell
Published: May 2021

O objetivo central deste livro é apresentar contribuições da pesquisa empírica realizada com adolescentes de uma favela do Rio de Janeiro para a compreensão da prática clandestina do aborto nesse período da vida. O trabalho de pesquisa qualitativa teve como fio condutor o estudo da sexualidade, de modo a produzir dados sobre a iniciação sexual, a reprodução, a contracepção, as relações entre os pares em conexão com a escolarização, entre outras intersecções. Wendell Ferrari consegue de forma extremamente competente e sensível acessar uma rede de adolescentes que realizaram aborto ilegal. O autor transmite segurança e discrição altamente necessárias para a criação de uma atmosfera de confiança tratando com respeito de um assunto não confidenciado com outras pessoas além de amigas e/ou parceiros.
Whole-genome sequencing analysis of semi-supercentenarians
Authors: Garagnani Paolo , Marquis Julien , Delledonne Massimo , Pirazzini Chiara , Marasco Elena , Kwiatkowska Katarzyna Malgorzata , Iannuzzi Vincenzo , Bacalini Maria Giulia , Valsesia Armand , Carayol Jerome , Raymond Frederic , Ferrarini Alberto , Xumerle Luciano , Collino Sebastiano , Mari Daniela , Arosio Beatrice , Casati Martina , Ferri Evelyn , Monti Daniela , Nacmias Benedetta , Sorbi Sandro , Luiselli Donata , Pettener Davide , Castellani Gastone , Sala Claudia , Passarino Giuseppe , De Rango Francesco , D'Aquila Patrizia , Bertamini Luca , Martinelli Nicola , Girelli Domenico , Olivieri Oliviero , Giuliani Cristina , Descombes Patrick , Franceschi Claudio
Published: May 2021

Extreme longevity is the paradigm of healthy aging as individuals who reached the extreme decades of human life avoided or largely postponed all major age-related diseases. In this study, we sequenced at high coverage (90X) the whole genome of 81 semi-supercentenarians and supercentenarians [105+/110+] (mean age: 106.6 ± 1.6) and of 36 healthy unrelated geographically matched controls (mean age 68.0 ± 5.9) recruited in Italy. The results showed that 105+/110+ are characterized by a peculiar genetic background associated with efficient DNA repair mechanisms, as evidenced by both germline data (common and rare variants) and somatic mutations patterns (lower mutation load if compared to younger healthy controls). Results were replicated in a second independent cohort of 333 Italian centenarians and 358 geographically matched controls. The genetics of 105+/110+ identified DNA repair and clonal haematopoiesis as crucial players for healthy aging and for the protection from cardiovascular events.
Reduced purine biosynthesis in humans after their divergence from Neandertals
Authors: Stepanova Vita , Moczulska Kaja Ewa , Vacano Guido N , Kurochkin Ilia , Ju Xiangchun , Riesenberg Stephan , Macak Dominik , Maricic Tomislav , Dombrowski Linda , Schörnig Maria , Anastassiadis Konstantinos , Baker Oliver , Naumann Ronald , Khrameeva Ekaterina , Vanushkina Anna , Stekolshchikova Elena , Egorova Alina , Tkachev Anna , Mazzarino Randall , Duval Nathan , Zubkov Dmitri , Giavalisco Patrick , Wilkinson Terry G , Patterson David , Khaitovich Philipp , Pääbo Svante
Published: May 2021

We analyze the metabolomes of humans, chimpanzees, and macaques in muscle, kidney and three different regions of the brain. Although several compounds in amino acid metabolism occur at either higher or lower concentrations in humans than in the other primates, metabolites downstream of adenylosuccinate lyase, which catalyzes two reactions in purine synthesis, occur at lower concentrations in humans. This enzyme carries an amino acid substitution that is present in all humans today but absent in Neandertals. By introducing the modern human substitution into the genomes of mice, as well as the ancestral, Neandertal-like substitution into the genomes of human cells, we show that this amino acid substitution contributes to much or all of the reduction of de novo synthesis of purines in humans.
Co-targeting myelin inhibitors and CSPGs markedly enhances regeneration of GDNF-stimulated, but not conditioning-lesioned, sensory axons into the spinal cord
Authors: Zhai Jinbin , Kim Hyukmin , Han Seung Baek , Manire Meredith , Yoo Rachel , Pang Shuhuan , Smith George M , Son Young-Jin
Published: May 2021

A major barrier to intraspinal regeneration after dorsal root (DR) injury is the DR entry zone (DREZ), the CNS/PNS interface. DR axons stop regenerating at the DREZ, even if regenerative capacity is increased by a nerve conditioning lesion. This potent blockade has long been attributed to myelin-associated inhibitors and (CSPGs), but incomplete lesions and conflicting reports have prevented conclusive agreement. Here, we evaluated DR regeneration in mice using novel strategies to facilitate complete lesions and analyses, selective tracing of proprioceptive and mechanoreceptive axons, and the first simultaneous targeting of Nogo/Reticulon-4, MAG, OMgp, CSPGs, and GDNF. Co-eliminating myelin inhibitors and CSPGs elicited regeneration of only a few conditioning-lesioned DR axons across the DREZ. Their absence, however, markedly and synergistically enhanced regeneration of GDNF-stimulated axons, highlighting the importance of sufficiently elevating intrinsic growth capacity. We also conclude that myelin inhibitors and CSPGs are not the primary mechanism stopping axons at the DREZ.
In vitro reconstitution reveals major differences between human and bacterial cytochrome c synthases
Authors: Sutherland Molly C , Mendez Deanna L , Babbitt Shalon E , Tillman Dustin E , Melnikov Olga , Tran Nathan L , Prizant Noah T , Collier Andrea L , Kranz Robert G
Published: May 2021

Cytochromes c are ubiquitous heme proteins in mitochondria and bacteria, all possessing a CXXCH (CysXxxXxxCysHis) motif with covalently attached heme. We describe the first in vitro reconstitution of cytochrome c biogenesis using purified mitochondrial (HCCS) and bacterial (CcsBA) cytochrome c synthases. We employ apocytochrome c and peptide analogs containing CXXCH as substrates, examining recognition determinants, thioether attachment, and subsequent release and folding of cytochrome c. Peptide analogs reveal very different recognition requirements between HCCS and CcsBA. For HCCS, a minimal 16-mer peptide is required, comprised of CXXCH and adjacent alpha helix 1, yet neither thiol is critical for recognition. For bacterial CcsBA, both thiols and histidine are required, but not alpha helix 1. Heme attached peptide analogs are not released from the HCCS active site; thus, folding is important in the release mechanism. Peptide analogs behave as inhibitors of cytochrome c biogenesis, paving the way for targeted control.
Multiple lineages of Streptomyces produce antimicrobials within passalid beetle galleries across eastern North America
Authors: Pessotti Rita de Cassia , Hansen Bridget L , Reaso Jewel N , Ceja-Navarro Javier A , El-Hifnawi Laila , Brodie Eoin L , Traxler Matthew F
Published: May 2021

Some insects form symbioses in which actinomycetes provide defense against pathogens by making antimicrobials. The range of chemical strategies employed across these associations, and how these strategies relate to insect lifestyle, remains underexplored. We assessed subsocial passalid beetles of the species Odontotaenius disjunctus, and their frass (fecal material), which is an important food resource within their galleries, as a model insect/actinomycete system. Through chemical and phylogenetic analyses, we found that O. disjunctus frass collected across eastern North America harbored multiple lineages of Streptomyces and diverse antimicrobials. Metabolites detected in frass displayed synergistic and antagonistic inhibition of a fungal entomopathogen, Metarhizium anisopliae, and multiple streptomycete isolates inhibited this pathogen when co-cultivated directly in frass. These findings support a model in which the lifestyle of O. disjunctus accommodates multiple Streptomyces lineages in their frass, resulting in a rich repertoire of antimicrobials that likely insulates their galleries against pathogenic invasion.
Multiplexed mRNA assembly into ribonucleoprotein particles plays an operon-like role in the control of yeast cell physiology
Authors: Nair Rohini R , Zabezhinsky Dmitry , Gelin-Licht Rita , Haas Brian J , Dyhr Michael CA , Sperber Hannah S , Nusbaum Chad , Gerst Jeffrey E
Published: May 2021

Prokaryotes utilize polycistronic messages (operons) to co-translate proteins involved in the same biological processes. Whether eukaryotes achieve similar regulation by selectively assembling and translating monocistronic messages derived from different chromosomes is unknown. We employed transcript-specific RNA pulldowns and RNA-seq/RT-PCR to identify yeast mRNAs that co-precipitate as ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes. Consistent with the hypothesis of eukaryotic RNA operons, mRNAs encoding components of the mating pathway, heat shock proteins, and mitochondrial outer membrane proteins multiplex in trans, forming discrete messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) complexes (called transperons). Chromatin capture and allele tagging experiments reveal that genes encoding multiplexed mRNAs physically interact; thus, RNA assembly may result from co-regulated gene expression. Transperon assembly and function depends upon histone H4, and its depletion leads to defects in RNA multiplexing, decreased pheromone responsiveness and mating, and increased heat shock sensitivity. We propose that intergenic associations and non-canonical histone H4 functions contribute to transperon formation in eukaryotic cells and regulate cell physiology.
Fully autonomous mouse behavioral and optogenetic experiments in home-cage
Authors: Hao Yaoyao , Thomas Alyse Marian , Li Nuo
Published: May 2021

Goal-directed behaviors involve distributed brain networks. The small size of the mouse brain makes it amenable to manipulations of neural activity dispersed across brain areas, but existing optogenetic methods serially test a few brain regions at a time, which slows comprehensive mapping of distributed networks. Laborious operant conditioning training required for most experimental paradigms exacerbates this bottleneck. We present an autonomous workflow to survey the involvement of brain regions at scale during operant behaviors in mice. Naive mice living in a home-cage system learned voluntary head-fixation (>1 hr/day) and performed difficult decision-making tasks, including contingency reversals, for 2 months without human supervision. We incorporated an optogenetic approach to manipulate activity in deep brain regions through intact skull during home-cage behavior. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, we tested dozens of mice in parallel unsupervised optogenetic experiments, revealing multiple regions in cortex, striatum, and superior colliculus involved in tactile decision-making.