bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Employee Experience on Organizational Performance: Driving Innovation, Engagement, and Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Kimonyo Tabitha
Published: September 2024

This study explores the profound impact of employee experience on organizational performance, focusing on its effects on innovation, engagement, and customer satisfaction. By analyzing quantitative data from 250 organizations and conducting qualitative interviews with 50 managers, the research reveals that a positive employee experience significantly drives innovation, enhances employee engagement, and boosts customer satisfaction. Organizations with high employee experience scores demonstrate more frequent and successful innovations, higher employee engagement levels, and lower turnover rates. Furthermore, these organizations achieve better customer satisfaction through motivated and dedicated employees. Based on these findings, the study recommends that organizations invest in improving employee experience through comprehensive development programs, effective feedback mechanisms, and supportive work environments to enhance overall performance and competitiveness.
Detection of Active Infestation by Wood-Boring Insects via Acoustic Emission using the IADS (Insect Activity Detection System)
Authors:   HAWK University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Limmer Lisa Anna ,   Ingenieurbüro für Holzschutz, Biebl Stephan ,   HAWK University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Messal Constanze
Published: September 2024

The preservation of wooden art and cultural artifacts is severely threatened by the infestation of wood-boring insects. Distinguishing between active and inactive infestations in practice poses a significant challenge, often leading to unnecessary treatments or delayed actions. This article focuses on the examination of the Insect Activity Detection System (IADS), an innovative AE measurement device for the detection of feeding noises of wood-boring larvae. Starting with an overview of the theoretical framework, the results of practical experiments are shown. Finally, we will present some possible applications of IADS in the conservation of art and cultural heritage.
Damage-tolerance design for composite high-pressure hydrogen vessels when AE testing is applied
Authors:   Tokyo Institute of Technology, Mizutani Yoshihiro ,   Tokyo Institute of Technology, Sugiyama Takafumi
Published: September 2024

An approach was proposed to design high-pressure composite hydrogen vessels for fuel cell vehicles with damage tolerance. In addition, a stacking-sequence optimization method was developed, which was built upon the damage tolerance design. A no-growth approach, damage categorization, and residual strength requirements were proposed for the damage-tolerance design method for highpressure hydrogen vessels, which were implemented in the damage-tolerance design method for composite aircrafts. The initial burst pressure was set at 180% of normal working pressure (NWP) assuming that the structural health monitoring (SHM) system with acoustic emission (AE) testing would immediately detect the occurrence of fiber breakage. Stacking-sequence optimization was then conducted to minimize vessel thickness and meet the residual strength requirements. The results show that the thickness of the vessel can be reduced by introducing a damage-tolerant design.

Moreover, the proposed method for an optimal design based on the damage-tolerance design method is effective.
Signal detection
Authors:   Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Zhou Yubao ,   Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Aydin Beyazit Bestami ,   Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Yang Yuguang
Published: September 2024

Acoustic emission (AE) occurring in concrete fracture process is a combination of concrete fracture at local material level and the propagation of induced elastic waves at structural level. Simulation of the fracture-induced AE in concrete needs a model that is able to address the fracture behavior and the wave propagation at the same time. However, to date, no available modelling tools can simulate the whole fracture-induced AE process.

Among others, the lattice models have the potential to achieve the simulation of the whole fracture-induced AE process. However, the lattice models are currently restricted to statistical analysis of AE events in fracture process. This paper investigates the feasibility and limitation of lattice model for the simulation of elastic wave propagation process. Several simulation cases are performed considering the propagation of both plane waves and point-source waves. The simulation results, in terms of wave velocity and geometric spreading loss of wave amplitudes, agree well with the analytical solutions. This study represents the first step for the simulation of complete fracture-induced AE waves in concrete.
Acoustic emission during the freezing of water or the melting of ice in aircraft
Authors:   KU Leuven (Catholic University of Leuven), Pfeiffer Helge ,   KU Leuven (Catholic University of Leuven), Seveno David ,   Brussels Airlines, Reynaert Johan ,   SIRRIS, Jordaens Pieter-Jan ,   SIRRIS, Cloet Bram ,   KU Leuven (Catholic University of Leuven), Wevers Martine
Published: September 2024

It is a frequently overlooked phenomenon that matter can produce sound emissions when undergoing a phase transition. The exact cause of this sound is until now not modeled and understood in depth, but it appears certain that sudden volume changes, cracks, friction, and other sources that occur during e.g. crystal decay/growth in melting/freezing processes must be considered. However, a generally accepted theory of the "sound of phase transitions" is lacking. In this paper we present a general introduction in this field.

Besides the more fundamental aspects, the AE generation during the melting of ice can be used to detect the presence of this respective substance in technical structures. An interesting application is to detect the melting ice in aircraft. Adverse water accumulation, resulting from contamination and condensation, is regularly found in fuel tanks, and scheduled drainage procedures of this water after the melting of the ice are important to ensure the safety of systems and structures.

A practical problem for drainage after flight is determining the right time to start the process. Beginning too early would mean that the remaining ice cannot be removed, and waiting too long presents an economic problem as it increases the aircraft's downtime. There is currently no technology that reports when all water has melted. To realize this goal acoustic sensors were attached to the skin of the tank walls, and the acoustic signals were intense enough to propagate through the aluminum sheets and coating and further analyzed. In this way, the completion of the melting of ice was determined by the time at which the acoustic emission stopped. We present measurements on a laboratory scale, the results from a climate chamber on relevant replica’s, and the outcome of a first campaign on an operational aircraft (Airbus A330).
Acoustic Emission simulation: assessing the influence of AE source modeling and addressing the issue of dimensionality in the propagation medium
Authors:   National Institute of Applied Science ( INSA-Lyon)- University of Lyon, Chen Xi ,   National Institute of Applied Science ( INSA-Lyon)- University of Lyon, Godin Nathalie ,   National Institute of Applied Science ( INSA-Lyon)- University of Lyon, Doitrand Aurélien ,   National Institute of Applied Science ( INSA-Lyon)- University of Lyon, Fusco Claudio
Published: September 2024

A thorough understanding of simulating Acoustic Emission (AE) requires the source modeling and propagation medium to be considered respectively. Crack initiation and propagation simulation as an AE source can be performed by the Successive Node Release (SNR) method and the Direct Node Release (DNR) method. Both are compared to show how the source model affects the AE signals. The SNR method is commonly used to simulate the crack initiation and propagation. It is necessary to consider the influence of the crack velocity profile on the crack initiation [1]. However, for the DNR method, all nodes are instantaneously released once the critical crack length is attained. Hence, it is not necessary to consider the velocity profile. Instead, it is sufficient to define the average crack velocity. However, the kinetic energy varies when employing different methods, leading to a variance in the source energy. We thus assess the suitable conditions to apply the DNR method to represent crack initiation and investigate the influence of the node release methods on the AE signals. Secondly, a comparative assessment of the Pencil-lead Break test on PMMA plates is conducted using both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) finite element simulations. This analysis is valuable for understanding the deficiencies and constraints of the 2D simulation. However, there is a significant difference in the AE signals between 2D and 3D simulations, suggesting that the 2D simulation is unable to capture the AE information during wave propagation, in spite of its lower computational cost. Therefore, to obtain extensive and precise information from the PLB test, it is crucial to have an extensive understanding of the limits of the 2D simulation. This understanding should take into account factors such as the distance between the sensor and the source, as well as the descriptors chosen to characterize the AE.
Supporting the infrastructure operators with customer specific AE-monitoring solutions
Authors:   TÜV Austria Services GmbH, Prokofyev Mikhail ,   TÜV Austria Services GmbH, Marihart Heribert ,   TÜV Austria Services GmbH, Lackner Gerald
Published: September 2024

Cost-effective and efficient monitoring of infrastructure is crucial for planning maintenance and repairs while ensuring the safety of the structure. Acoustic emission is a method particularly suitable for long-term monitoring. However, the
necessary extended monitoring period incurs high costs for the operator, primarily due to the exceptionally high costs of measuring equipment. The need for a tailored monitoring system for infrastructure applications is evident.
TÜV AUSTRIA is developing a monitoring system called RISE, which represents a customized solution for steel bridge monitoring. The innovative online monitoring solution RISE assists experts with structural monitoring. Due to its compact design, low power consumption, and easy installation, the measuring system is specifically designed for continuous monitoring. Specifically, RISE is introduced for the hotspot monitoring of railway steel bridges. The passage of trains triggers a material response that can be recorded by the measuring system. This is used to perform crack monitoring on bridges and to have a tool for assessing crack activity
and the degree of damage. This enables targeted planning of repairs and maintenance activities. Reducing the operating costs of the structure and ensures it save operation.
The system is being developed to function robustly and provide a high level of automation.
A demonstration of AE-monitoring of active cracks on a main bridge girder was done during a fatigue test in cooperation with the TU Graz. The girder was removed from a deconstructed bridge.
Acoustic Emission Energy Release Rate Model for Classification of Damage Development in Large Fiber Reinforced Plastic Composite Structures
Authors:   Integrity Diagnostics Ltd., Muravin Boris
Published: September 2024

Acoustic emission identification of fracture mechanisms in composite materials is of great importance for the practical assessment of the serviceability of aerospace structures, such as unmanned aerial vehicles, rocket motors, and others.
Many scientific research studies conducted in recent decades have demonstrated the unique capabilities of the Acoustic Emission (AE) method to detect and identify different failure mechanisms, including fiber breakage, matrix cracking, and
delaminations in fracture tests of composite specimens. However, testing large composite structures, in many cases, can be accompanied by multiple time-overlapped fracture events activated simultaneously, resulting in considerable difficulties in the classification and assessment of combined prolonged AE signals.
In this work, we propose the Energy Release Rate (ERR) model for the classification of AE activity related to fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) composite fracture. The model identifies accurately both micro-scopic and macro-scopic fracture
mechanisms in large aerospace structures having complex composition of materials.
The model is practically applied using several machine learning methods and provides a simple means to identify and discriminate typical fracture mechanisms and their combinations. Specifically, we describe ERR model, the choice of most informative AE parameters, the choice of suitable machine learning classification methods, their training and testing on FRP specimens, and validating the model in practical tests of large full-size FRP composite structures.
Monitoring of a fatigue test on a full-size railway steel bridge with acoustic emission
Authors:   TÜV Austria Services GmbH, Lackner Gerald ,   TÜV Austria Services GmbH, Marihart Heribert ,   TÜV Austria Services GmbH, Prokofyev Mikhail
Published: September 2024

Within the frame of the Rail4Future project (https://www.rail4future.com) co-funded by the Austrian Research Promotion Agency, a railway steel bridge was removed from the track and transported to a workshop in one piece. Artificial defects were introduced at different sections of the bridge structure as per advice of the scientific project partners in order to initiate fatigue cracks in the course of the
subsequent fatigue test. One objective of the fatigue test was to identify suitable measurement and testing techniques for monitoring of fatigue crack growth. Among other techniques utilised by different project partners, acoustic emission monitoring was applied by TÜV AUSTRIA.
This contribution describes the preparation as well as the performance of the acoustic emission monitoring and the results obtained. It is shown that this non-destructive
testing technique is suitable for fatigue crack monitoring.
Continuous Health Monitoring of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Deck based on Traffic Load-induced Acoustic Emission
Authors:   Toshiba Corporation, Usui Takashi ,   Toshiba Corporation, Ueda Yuki ,   Toshiba Corporation, Takamine Hidefumi ,   Toshiba Corporation, Watabe Kazuo ,   Kyoto University, Shiotani Tomoki
Published: September 2024

This paper presents continuous bridge deck monitoring based on b-value obtained from traffic load-induced acoustic emission (AE) signals. Using the self powered AE system that we developed, we have observed traffic load-induced AE on

an actual bridge for five years. The developed self-powered AE system demonstrated that long-term traffic load-induced AE measurements over five years could be performed without an external power source. Traffic load-induced AEs measured

irregularly by event-driven measurement were accumulated, and b-values were calculated. We used an additive regression model that accounts for piecewise linear trends and seasonality to extract long-term trends accurately. Over the past five years,

the bridge has deteriorated. In addition, repairs were made during the period. As a result of this monitoring, we determined the relationship between the damage condition of the bridge and the b-value trend obtained from the traffic load-induced

AEs. The results confirmed that the b-value based on traffic load-induced AE corresponds well with the damage conditions on the underside of the deck slab or in a shallow area inside it.
Automatized determination of the end of a wave mode in acoustic emission signals
Authors:   TÜV Austria Services GmbH, Büch Ruben ,   TÜV Austria Services GmbH, Dirix Benjamin ,   KU Leuven (Catholic University of Leuven), Wevers Martine ,   KU Leuven (Catholic University of Leuven), Everaerts Joris
Published: September 2024

Acoustic emission signals can be composed of multiple wave modes with different characteristics. The various wave modes contain information about their source, as it is related to the orientation of a source, the type of source and its depth

in a plate-like structure. Furthermore, in structures with multiple possible wave modes, inversion of a wave can be impossible without mode recognition. Manual wave mode recognition is possible but tedious for a large number of signals. In previous work, the author tested a method for automating wave mode recognition. A shortcoming of this method is that it recognizes only the arrival of the wave modes.

Subsequently, all samples from the start of a specific mode are attributed to this specific mode until the start of the next mode or until the end of the signal. This article presents an improved method for determining the end of a wave mode. As is already

required for determining the starting moments of a wave mode, cross-correlations are calculated with a reference wavelet representing this wave mode. To determine the end of a mode, the next cross-correlation peak that follows the peak indicating the start of the mode is considered. This cross-correlation peak indicates either a repetition of the same wave mode, or the arrival of a high amplitude wave component belonging to a different wave mode. Hence, it is meaningful to consider such a cross correlation peak as an indication of the end of the wave mode in the signal.
Yapay Zekanın İç Denetime Etkileri Fırsatların Yakalanması ve Tehditlerin Yönetilmesi
Authors: Karaca Murat
Published: September 2024

İç denetim, organizasyonların faaliyetlerini etkin bir şekilde yönetmek ve kontrol etmek için kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Teknolojideki hızlı gelişim iç denetim uygulamalarında önemli değişiklikleri beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu değişim sürecinde yapay zekâ teknolojisinin rolü giderek artmaktadır. Yapay zekâ, büyük veri analizi, otomatik süreçler ve karar destek sistemleri gibi alanlarda iç denetim süreçlerine önemli katkılar sağlayabilmektedir. Yapay zekâ teknolojisinin iç denetim süreçlerine entegrasyonunun, organizasyonlara verimlilik ve etkinlik sağlayacağı iddiasıyla yapılan bu çalışmada, yapay zekâ teknolojisinin iç denetim süreçlerinde kullanımı ve bu teknolojinin iç denetime getirdiği riskler ile bu risklerin yönetimi konusu ele alınmıştır. Çalışma ile yapay zekâ destekli araçların, iç denetim süreçlerinde verimliliği ve doğruluğu artırarak daha etkili karar vermeyi sağladığına; ancak, veri güvenliği, algoritmik önyargı ve etik sorunlar gibi iç denetim süreçlerinde oluşabilecek risklerin yönetimi için kapsamlı bir risk yönetimi çerçevesinin oluşturulması gerektiğine yönelik bulgular elde edilmiştir.
Bu çalışma, iç denetçilere, araştırmacılara ve karar alıcılara yapay zekâ teknolojisinin iç denetim alanındaki önemini anlamaları ve bu teknolojinin potansiyel faydalarını ve risklerini değerlendirmeleri konusunda bir kaynak sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaca varmak için nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmış olup veri toplama tekniği olarak literatür taraması ve arşiv araştırması tekniği kullanılmıştır.
Microscopy
Authors: Bharati Mr. Pankaj Kumar
Published: September 2024

The word microscope is originated from Latin words "Micro"-little and "Scopos:- to look at. It is an instrument that magnifies and resolves small details of an item using one or more lenses. A microscope is a vital tool for examining living organisms that are too small to see with the naked eye. Microscopy is the science of examining small objects and structures with such instruments.
Centrifuge
Authors: Lokhande Yogita
Published: September 2024

Centrifugation is a process used to separate particles from a solution based on their size, shape, density, medium viscosity and rotor speed using centrifugal force. The denser particles tend to move along the length of the tube to a greater radius of rotation, displacing the lighter particle to the proximal end. It is carried out with an apparatus called centrifuge. A centrifuge is a device for separation of microbes from the suspended fluid using centrifugal force or gravitational force. The word centrifugal force isoriginated from Latin word centrum, meaning ―center‖, and fugere, means ―to flee. The speed of centrifuge is denoted as rpm or revolutions per minute.
Functional Foods
Authors: Singh Mrs. Neelam
Published: September 2024

Functional foods, enriched with bioactive compounds, play a significant role in the prevention and management of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. These foods, which include fortified products, probiotics, and foods naturally rich in antioxidants, fibers, and omega-3 fatty acids, are designed to provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition. By incorporating functional foods into the diet, individuals can potentially reduce the risk of chronic diseases and improve overall health outcomes. However, the effectiveness of functional foods and nutraceuticals can be influenced by various factors, including processing, storage, and environmental conditions. Processing methods such as heat treatment, pasteurization, and irradiation can degrade the bioactive components, reducing the health benefits of these foods. Similarly, improper storage, exposure to light, air, and moisture can lead to the oxidation or degradation of sensitive compounds like vitamins, polyphenols, and omega-3 fatty acids, further diminishing their efficacy. Additionally, interactions with environmental factors, such as temperature fluctuations and pH changes, can alter the stability and bioavailability of nutraceuticals in functional foods. Understanding these factors is crucial for optimizing the production, storage, and consumption of functional foods to maximize their potential health benefits. Ongoing research in this area aims to develop strategies that preserve the integrity of bioactive compounds, ensuring that functional foods deliver their intended health-promoting effects effectively.
Food Safety-II
Authors: Jain Mr. Ashutosh
Published: September 2024

Food Safety-II delves into key standards and practices that ensure the safety and quality of food products. The Meat Products Order (MPO) regulates the hygienic production of meat and meat products in India, ensuring they are safe for consumption. AGMARK, an Indian certification mark, guarantees the quality of agricultural products, emphasizing purity and adherence to established standards. The Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) system is a globally recognized approach that identifies and controls potential hazards in food production, preventing contamination and ensuring safety at every stage. Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs) provide guidelines for maintaining hygienic conditions during the manufacturing process, covering everything from facility design to employee hygiene. Together, these systems and regulations create a comprehensive framework for maintaining high standards of food safety, protecting consumers from potential health risks
Nutraceuticals-II
Authors: Gupta Dr. Madhu
Published: September 2024

Nutraceuticals-II expands on the foundational knowledge of nutraceuticals, with a particular emphasis on their application in public health nutrition and maternal and child nutrition. This advanced study explores how nutraceuticals can play a critical role in addressing public health challenges, such as malnutrition, chronic diseases, and aging populations. The course examines the impact of nutraceuticals on maternal health, highlighting their potential to improve pregnancy outcomes, support fetal development, and enhance postpartum recovery. Additionally, it addresses the unique nutritional needs of children, focusing on how nutraceuticals can support growth, cognitive development, and immune function. Through an in-depth analysis of case studies and current research, Nutraceuticals-II provides insights into the integration of these bioactive compounds into public health strategies and maternal and child nutrition programs, emphasizing safety, efficacy, and ethical considerations.
Source, Name of Marker Compounds and Their Chemical Nature, Medicinal Uses and Health Benefits of Following Used as Nutraceuticals/Functional Foods-I
Authors: Tiwari Mr. Prabhakar Singh
Published: September 2024

This section of Nutraceuticals-I focuses on the detailed study of specific nutraceuticals and functional foods, including Spirulina, Soybean, and Ginseng. Spirulina, a blue-green algae, is rich in proteins, vitamins, and antioxidants, with phycocyanin as its key marker compound, offering anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting benefits. Soybean, a leguminous crop, is well-known for its high isoflavone content, particularly genistein and daidzein, which exhibit estrogenic activity and contribute to cardiovascular health and osteoporosis prevention. Ginseng, a widely used herbal remedy, contains ginsenosides as its primary bioactive components, which are known for their adaptogenic properties, enhancing energy levels, reducing stress, and improving cognitive function. This study underscores the chemical nature of these compounds, their roles in traditional and modern medicine, and their broader health benefits, making them significant contributors to the field of nutraceuticals and functional foods.
Phytochemicals As Nutraceuticals-II
Authors: Singh Mrs. Neelam
Published: September 2024

Phytochemicals, a diverse group of bioactive compounds found in plants, play a crucial role in promoting health when consumed as part of a nutraceutical approach. Xanthophylls, such as lutein, are carotenoids known for their potent antioxidant properties, particularly in protecting eye health by reducing the risk of age-related macular degeneration and cataracts. Lutein, abundant in green leafy vegetables, is also linked to improved cognitive function. Sulfides, particularly diallyl sulfides and allyl trisulfide, are sulfur-containing compounds found in garlic and onions. These sulfides exhibit significant health benefits, including cardiovascular protection, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. Diallyl sulfides have been shown to lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels, while allyl trisulfide has potent antimicrobial and detoxifying effects. Together, these phytochemicals contribute to a holistic approach to health, offering protective benefits against chronic diseases and supporting overall well-being
Phytochemicals as Nutraceuticals-III
Authors: Tahir Mr. Abu
Published: September 2024

Phytochemicals, particularly polyphenolics and flavonoids, have garnered significant attention for their potential health benefits when utilized as nutraceuticals. Resveratrol, a prominent polyphenolic found in grapes and red wine, is celebrated for its cardiovascular benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that may protect against heart disease and extend lifespan. Flavonoids, a diverse group of compounds, offer a range of health benefits. Rutin, known for its vascular protective effects, strengthens blood vessels and reduces the risk of hemorrhages. Naringin, found in citrus fruits, has anti-inflammatory and cholesterol-lowering properties. Quercetin, a powerful antioxidant, is recognized for its antihistamine and anti-inflammatory actions, making it beneficial for allergies and chronic inflammation. Anthocyanidins, responsible for the red, purple, and blue colors in fruits, possess strong antioxidant properties, while catechins, abundant in green tea, are linked to cancer prevention and heart health. Flavones, present in various fruits and vegetables, contribute to reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Collectively, these phytochemicals play a crucial role in disease prevention and health promotion, reinforcing the value of a diet rich in plant-based foods.
Surgical Treatment of the Frontal Plane Distal Humerus Fractures
Authors: Tasev Borislav , Enchev Dian , Malushev Orlin , Pukalski Yavor
Published: September 2024

The frontal plane fractures of the distal humerus are rare. The small intraarticular fragments, the commonly encountered osteoporosis and the specific anatomy make the successful osteosynthesis a challenge.
For a period of 15 years in First Clinic of Orthopaedic Traumatology 27 patients with capitulotrochlear fractures were treated. Of them, 12 women and 3 men were followed. The fractures were classified after Dubberley as follows: Type 1А - 1, type 2А - 2, type 2В - 3, type 3А - 5, type 3В – 1, and type 4В - 3. A plethora of surgical exposures were used - extended lateral, paratricipital, a combination of medial and lateral, dorsal with olecranon osteotomy. Primary TEA was performed in 3 patients: Type 3A - 1, type 3В – 1, and type 4В - 1. The patients were followed for a period of 12 months to 8 years. The results were evaluated by the MEPS, DASH and McGowan scores. The final ROM, compared to the contralateral side, was recorded. The average scores are comparable with the ones in a number of publications in the referent literature. As evaluated by MEPS, excellent results were found in 53% of patients, good – in 27%, fair in 7%, and poor –in 13%. The most serious problem was the elbow stiffness. Early deep infection was found in 1 patient with type 4B fracture. Ectopic ossification Hastings type I was found in 1 patient.
The modern surgical treatment is based on anatomical reduction through fracture type-specific surgical exposure and rigid osteosynthesis. The treatment of choice for irreparable fractures is total elbow arthroplasty (TEA). We discuss the fixation devises, the surgical exposures and the osteosynthesis construct. Our own osteosynthesis preferences are centered around the fixation in the frontal plane and the additional augmentation with sagittal plane implants.
Lemahnya Karakter Anak Bangsa di Era Globalisasi
Authors: Sukari Sukari , Hasanah Amalia
Published: September 2024

Character education is something that important to be instilled in the nation's successors so that they can be intelligent in thinking, appreciation in the form of attitudes, and experience of their identity. in thinking, appreciation in the form of attitudes, and experience of their identity, manifested in interactions with God, self, others and the environment. environment. The purpose of this paper is to find out the causes of weakening the character of character in Indonesia and the efforts that can be made to strengthen character education in schools. character education in schools. The research method used in this study uses library research method, which is research based on processed manuscripts (manuscript study), facts and primary and secondary data (supporting data) related to the research focus. with the focus of the research. The results of this study show that the causes of the weakening of the character of students in Indonesia consists of several factors, namely the factors of parents, schools, society and society. from parents, schools, society and social media. The efforts to strengthen character education in schools can be done with four forms of integration, namely integration in subjects, integration through subjects, integration through P5 learning, integration through habituation, and integration through extracurricular activities. and integration through extracurricular activities.
Mengidentifikasi Isu-isu Pendidikan di Indonesia dan Solusinya
Authors: Sukari Sukari , Sugiyarti Sri
Published: September 2024

This paper presents the challenges faced by the education system in Indonesia along with potential solutions. The aim of this paper is to discuss and elaborate on the educational issues that pose challenges to Indonesia’s education system and to provide effective solutions for improving the system to make it more inclusive, of higher quality, and aligned with societal needs and contemporary developments. The research method employed in this study is a literature review. The findings indicate that Indonesia’s education system faces several key challenges, including unequal access to education between urban and rural areas, variations in teaching quality, curriculum relevance to labor market needs, teacher welfare, and the management of education funding. Educational funding must be managed more efficiently and transparently to ensure equitable budget allocation and optimal use of resources.
Development of Artificial Intelligence-Based Logic Mind Applications in Improving Computational Thinking Skills
Authors: Lestari Hefty Magda , Ekohariadi Ekohariadi
Published: September 2024

Life in the 21st century demands human resources who have many skills and competencies. Indirectly, human resources who are always creative and innovative in developing technology are also needed. Technological developments occur very rapidly depending on the quality of human resources themselves. If human resources are able to process technological sophistication properly and carefully, technological development can develop rapidly. Likewise, if the quality of human resources is lacking in processing existing technology, then technological development will also be slow. Integrating technology in a targeted and meaningful way is the right foundation of education today. Nowadays amazing technologies based on Artificial Intelligence have emerged. The problems that occur during the learning process when students are given stimulus are problems where students are less active in responding. The results of students in providing solutions are still not precise and coherent. This shows that students' computational thinking skills are still lacking. The ADDIE approach is used to conduct research. Meanwhile, a quantitative descriptive approach will be used to collect and analyze research data using the T-test. The results of the validation of learning media or mobile routing applications give a rating of 80%, meaning that they are considered suitable for use. Based on research conducted on students who took the pretest and posttest, their average score was 71.69 in the pretest and 88.13 in the posttest. Thus, this can indicate that there is a significant impact and variation in the results of the averages achieved.
The Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of Breast Cancer
Authors:   Physiology Department, Hammurabi Medical College, Babylon university, Iraq, Chabuk Shahlaa Kh. , Hameed Ali Kareem ,   Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Babylon Technical Institute, Iraq, Naser Salena Abdul Abbas ,   Technical Institute of Babylon, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (ATU), Iraq, Al-fahham Ali A. ,   Faculty of Nursing, University of Kufa, Iraq
Published: September 2024

Breast cancer is one complex disease with different molecular and cellular changes. The pathophysiologic features of cancer are based on genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences; thus the disease has several subtypes that differ in behavior and response to treatment. The pathophysiology of breast cancer includes a number of factors that interplay among genetic mutations, hormonal influences, and microenvironment factors. Although these have been greatly elucidated by current research, more detailed understanding is requisite for further enhancement in the outcomes of treatment and development of individualized therapies. New technologies and methodologies are quick to surface; however, they promise better deciphering of breast cancer complexity and consequently better routes for interventions aimed at maximum efficacy. This literature review serves to synthesize the most recent findings on the pathophysiology of breast cancer in light of its complexity, identification of gaps in the current state of knowledge, and suggestions for directions future research should take.
Structure and Physiological Significance of IL-17: A Review Article
Authors:   College of Science, University Of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq, S. Hadi Hadeel , Shubar Safa Nihad Abed ,   Al-Mussaib Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Mussaib 51009, Iraq, Jaffar Azhaar Mousa ,   Al-Mussaib Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Mussaib 51009, Iraq, Al-fahham Ali A. ,   Faculty of Nursing, University of Kufa, Iraq
Published: September 2024

IL-17 is a pleiotropic cytokine key in lead to the proinflammatory nature within the immune system and thus it has a pronounced effect of inflammation and therefore disease pathogenesis which is particularly relevant in the case of osteoarthritis as well as other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. While enormous strides have been made regarding its functions, additional studies are required to fill the gaps left over from previous studies and develop novel ways of treating or managing chronic inflammatory conditions on the basis of our advanced understanding of IL-17. IL-17 immune responses are still a mysterious package in acting in defense mechanisms of hosts and at the same trace back to autoimmune disease development due to its biphasic nature— this therefore justifies why an interest for exploring mechanisms by which production is achieved plus effects produced scientifically can be directed towards therapeutic opportunities yet to be fully realized. Such studies will unquestionably provide insights into immune regulation with an optimism for the development of alternative treatment strategies.
Pathogenic Bacteria Associated with Cholecystitis: A Review Article
Authors:   College of Medical Science, National University of Science and Technology, Iraq, Hassan Suhad Adnan , Bakery Solav A. AL ,   Hammurabi College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq, Al-Hilli Zina Bakir ,   Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon, 51013, Iraq, Al-fahham Ali A. ,   Faculty of Nursing, University of Kufa
Published: September 2024

Cholecystitis is defined as an inflammation of the gallbladder. It is of major concern because if left untreated, it can progress to complex pathologies. The high burden of cholecystitis underlines the importance of epidemiological knowledge regarding its prevalence, risk factors, and related comorbid conditions for proper planning of preventive and therapeutic measures. This literature review presents recent insights into the bacteria causing cholecystitis, the problem of multidrug resistance, and the hypothetical effect of the gut microbiome on the health of the gallbladder.
Opposed to Pain: Antikamnia Chemical Company
Authors: Croll Theodore P , Swanson Ben Z
Published: September 2024

The Antikamnia (AK) Chemical Company founded in 1890, which eventually was renamed The Antikamnia Remedy Company in 1819, was an important medicine company that thrived prior to passage of the 1906 Food and Drug Act using smart worldwide marketing. As dangerous as the AK products were, success continued after 1906 by pursuing methods to flout regulations and stick to the marketing methods and legal maneuvering that kept AK sales strong. This article describes the tumultuous history of one of the most successful drug companies between 1890 and well into the 1920s.
Trichloroacetic Acid – Historical Origins and Dental Applications
Authors: Gutmann James L. , Primus Carolyn
Published: September 2024

The use of trichloroacetic acid in dentistry has been advocated by several authors in the last 50 years due to its action on invasive gingival tissues that are seen in the presence of cervical resorption or proximal cavities. Publications addressing this substance and its applications are completely silent regarding its historical evolution or make general claims regarding its original source without substantiation. This perspective will attempt to provide the missing links to this substance and its contemporary use in dentistry, specifically in Endodontics.
A note about almost contact metric hypersurfaces axioms for almost Hermitian manifolds
Authors: Abu-Saleem A. , Banaru M. B. , Banaru G. A.
Published: September 2024

From 1950s, it is known that an almost contact metric structure is in­duced on an arbitrary oriented hypersurface in an almost Hermitian mani­fold. In accordance with the definition, an almost Hermitian manifold satisfies the axiom of almost contact hypersurfaces endowed with a some property, if an almost contact hypersurface with this property passes through every point of considered almost Hermitian manifold.

In the present note, we discuss some problems related to almost con­tact metric hypersurfaces axioms for almost Hermitian manifolds. In par­ticular, we select some special types of almost contact metric hypersur­faces axioms for almost Hermitian manifolds. We mark out the axioms consisting of the conditions for the almost contact metric structure on the hypersurface of an almost Hermitian manifold to belong to a special class (for example, to the class of Sasakian or quasi-Sasakian structures). We also mark out the axioms that are related to the second fundamental form of the immersion of the almost contact metric hypersurface into an almost Hermitian manifold.
On two structural tensors of an acm-structure
Authors: Banaru M. B.
Published: September 2024

Almost contact metric structures on odd-dimensional manifolds are considered. The first group of the Cartan structural equations of an arbi­trary almost contact metric structure written in an A-frame (i. e., in a fra­me adapted to this almost contact metric structure) is studied. It is proved that the fifth and sixth Kirichenko structural tensors of the almost contact metric structure vanish if and only if the structural contact form is closed.
On the scalar components of the canonical form on higher order frame bundles
Authors: Kuleshov A. V.
Published: September 2024

A detailed obtaining of the expressions for the scalar components of the canonical form on higher order frame bundles over a smooth manifold has been done. The canonical form on the frame bundle of order p + 1 over an n-dimensional smooth manifold is a vector-valued differential 1-form with values in the tangent space to the p-th order frame bundle over the n-di­mensional arithmetical space at the unit of the p-th order differential group. The scalar components of the canonical form are its coefficients with respect to natural basis of the tangent space. For every frame, there exists a polynomial mapping representing the frame in a given local chart on the manifold. Therefore, for any tangent vector to the frame bundle there is a first order Taylor expansion of one-parametric family of poly­nomial mappings representing the tangent vector. We obtain the formulas of the scalar components from the equations for coefficients of the two expansions for some tangent vector.
Left-invariant paracontact metric structure on a group Sol
Authors: Sorokina M. V. , Surina O. P.
Published: September 2024

Among Thurston's famous list of eight three-dimensional geometries is the geometry of the manifold Sol. The variety Sol is a connected simply connected Lie group of real matrices of a special form. The manifold Sol has a left-invariant pseudo-Riemannian metric for which the group of left shifts is the maximal simply transitive isometry group. In this paper, we prove that on the manifold Sol there exists a left-invariant differential 1-form, which, together with the left-invariant pseudo-Riemannian metric, defines a paracontact metric structure on Sol. A three-parameter family of left-invariant paracontact metric connections is found, that is, linear con­nec­tions invariant under left shifts, in which the structure tensors of the par­acontact structure are covariantly constant. Among these connections, a flat connection is distinguished. It has been established that some geo­desics of a flat connection are geodesics of a truncated connection, which is an orthogonal projection of the original connection onto a 2n-dimen­sional con­tact distribution. This means that this connection is con­sistent with the con­tact distribution. Thus, the manifold Sol has a pseudo-sub-Riemannian structure determined by a completely non-holonomic contact distribution and the restriction of the original pseudo-Riemannian metric to it.
On the differentiable sphere theorem for manifolds with Ricci curvatures bounded from above
Authors: Stepanov S. E. , Tsyganok I. I.
Published: September 2024

In the present paper, we prove that if is an -dimensional compact Riemannian manifold and if where , and are the sectional and Ricci curvatures of respectively, then is diffeomorphic to a spherical space form where is a finite group of isometries acting freely. In particular, if is simply connected, then it is diffeo­mor­phic to the Euclidian sphere
New containerized wastewater treatment technology: system description and evaluation of treatment capacity of a highly efficient MBBR system
Authors: Kloknicer Tamás , Sándor Dániel Benjámin , Szabó Anita
Published: September 2024

In a recent R&D project, an innovative biofilm micro-carrier was invented by Inno-Water Inc., that has a much smaller size compared to the traditional carriers. In this article, we show the capacities and structure of a new wastewater treatment system, that contains this new type of biofilm carrier. The “MICROBI” technology has an average of 99,4% ammonium, 94,3% COD, and 75,0% total nitrogen removal rates in municipal wastewater. During the period of bacterial colonization, we measured chemical parameters (COD, NO3-N, NO2-N, PO4-P, NH4-N) of the inflow and effluent twice a week for seven weeks. After that, a 24-hour measuring campaign was carried out to determine the full capacity of the system. Simultaneously we measured dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, and conductivity in the reactor, and monitored the development of biofilm on the carrier with the light microscope and TTC colouring method. The results show a significant nitrification ability and high COD and ammonium removal at an inflow of 27-28 m3/day. Future improvement plans include the optimization of denitrification and increasing the daily wastewater treatment capacity.
Rusos entre los viñedos de Baja California, 1906-1958
Authors:   Atarraya
Published: September 2024

por

Daniela Silva Lozano

Durante la primera mitad del siglo XX habitó en el Valle de Guadalupe, Baja California, una colonia agrícola conformada por inmigrantes rusos de religión molokana, una disidencia de la iglesia ortodoxa. Comenzaron a llegar en 1905, en el contexto de la política colonizadora de los últimos años del Porfiriato que tenía como objetivo el poblamiento con extranjeros de las zonas más alejadas del país.
Las comandancias generales en México, siglo XIX
Authors:   Atarraya
Published: September 2024

por

Carlos Ernesto Saldaña Nájera

Las comandancias generales fueron la principal manera de organizar el territorio para su administración militar en la primera mitad del siglo XIX en México. En principio, estas tenían la misma delimitación que los estados o departamentos (por ejemplo, el estado de Guanajuato y la comandancia general de Guanajuato tenían el mismo territorio). Pero no fue así en todos los casos.
Curso PCM versión version 2023-2
Authors: Michán Layla
Published: September 2024

Hemos terminado un semestre más, estamos en la versión 24 del curso del curso Informática para Literatura en Ciencias Médicas del Posgrado en Ciencias Médicas de la UNAM.
Patents, societal impact, and sustainability
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: September 2024

Division 1 of our Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM) held a meeting last week which had a panel discussion on the use of patents to bring research to the market, aimed at PhD candidates of the institute. Patents are one of the routes to make research output more sustainable. For example, the research output into a new method to study something or make something often needs the development into a product.
Buenas prácticas para exposiciones científicas
Authors: Michán Layla
Published: September 2024

Es muy común que los investigadores participemos en eventos académicos como seminarios, conferencias, reuniones, congresos, talleres en los que generalmente hacemos damos una plática y usamos una presentación en formato digital.