bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of traumatic stress in the presence of traumatic experiences: the role of resilience factors in foster care children five years or younger
Authors: Tumlin Kimberly I. , Crowley Amanda , Turner Brian , Riley Elizabeth , Lyons John
Published: November 2023

Background

Children less than five years of age comprised approximately 30% in 2020 of foster care entries in the United States, and they are consistently the largest foster care entry group. Very young children can respond differently to the same adverse life events. Detection of complex interpersonal traumas is core to providing appropriate interventions and prevention of reoccurring negative outcomes in these children.

Methods

Children who (1) were identified as having experienced complex interpersonal trauma, but (2) who did not have traumatic stress symptoms were identified using Child and Adolescent Needs and Strengths data in a large midwestern state from 2010 to 2021. A logistic model was fit to determine the effect of cumulative traumatic exposures (e.g., adverse childhood experiences such that increased events were hypothesized to predict an increased likelihood of symptomatic detection. We conducted a latent class analysis to understand the relationship between traumatic experiences, asset-based factors, and the detection of traumatic stress in children aged five years and under who had exposure to traumatic events but did not have detectable traumatic stress symptoms.

Results

We detected three classes within this population of very young children, who were described as “resilient” (demonstrating asset-based resilience when faced with traumatic experiences), “missed” (those who exhibit behavioral and mental health types like those with detected traumatic stress symptoms but who were not detected as such), and “unfolding”. Very young children do demonstrate asset-based resilience when faced with traumatic experiences.

Conclusions

Detection of traumatic stress may be more difficult in young children. It is important to assess both traumatic stress and strengths to ensure that children who are resilient after exposure to traumatic experiences (i.e., do not demonstrate traumatic stress symptoms) are not referred to unnecessary interventions. Additional educational approaches are needed to help caseworkers identify symptoms of traumatic stress that mirror symptoms of other behavioral and emotional challenges. Precision medicine approaches are required to best match the interventions to specific needs of young children. Recognition of resilience in very young children is critical for designing systems that customize approaches of trauma-informed care.
Integrative whole-genome and transcriptome analysis of HER2-amplified metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Verschoor Noortje , Smid Marcel , Jager Agnes , Sleijfer Stefan , Wilting Saskia M. , Martens John W. M.
Published: November 2023

Background

In breast cancer, the advent of anti-HER2 therapies has made HER2+ tumors a highly relevant subgroup. However, the exact characteristics which prohibit clinical response to anti-HER2 therapies and drive disease progression are not yet fully known. Integrative whole-genome and transcriptomic sequencing data from both primary and metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer will enhance our understanding of underlying biological processes.

Methods

Here, we used WGS and RNA sequencing data of 700 metastatic breast tumors, of which 68 being HER2+, to search for specific genomic features of HER2+ disease and therapy resistance. Furthermore, we integrated results with transcriptomic data to associate tumors exhibiting a HER2+-specific gene expression profile with ERBB2 mutation status, prior therapy and relevant gene expression signatures.

Results

Overall genomic profiles of primary and metastatic HER2+ breast cancers were similar, and no specific acquired genomics traits connected to prior anti-HER2 treatment were observed. However, specific genomic features were predictive of progression-free survival on post-biopsy anti-HER2 treatment. Furthermore, a HER2-driven expression profile grouped HER2-amplified tumors with ERBB2-mutated cases and cases without HER2 alterations. The latter were reported as ER positive in primary disease, but the metastatic biopsy showed low ESR1 expression and upregulation of the MAPK pathway, suggesting transformation to ER independence.

Conclusions

In summary, although the quantity of variants increased throughout HER2-positive breast cancer progression, the genomic composition remained largely consistent, thus yielding no new major processes beside those already operational in primary disease. Our results suggest that integrated genomic and transcriptomic analyses may be key in establishing therapeutic options.
Linking health survey data with health insurance data: methodology, challenges, opportunities and recommendations for public health research. An experience from the HISlink project in Belgium
Authors: Berete Finaba , Demarest Stefaan , Charafeddine Rana , De Ridder Karin , Van Oyen Herman , Van Hoof Wannes , Bruyère Olivier , Van der Heyden Johan
Published: November 2023

In recent years, the linkage of survey data to health administrative data has increased. This offers new opportunities for research into the use of health services and public health. Building on the HISlink use case, the linkage of Belgian Health Interview Survey (BHIS) data and Belgian Compulsory Health Insurance (BCHI) data, this paper provides an overview of the practical implementation of linking data, the outcomes in terms of a linked dataset and of the studies conducted as well as the lessons learned and recommendations for future links.

Individual BHIS 2013 and 2018 data was linked to BCHI data using the national register number. The overall linkage rate was 92.3% and 94.2% for HISlink 2013 and HISlink 2018, respectively. Linked BHIS-BCHI data were used in validation studies (e.g. self-reported breast cancer screening; chronic diseases, polypharmacy), in policy-driven research (e.g., mediation effect of health literacy in the relationship between socioeconomic status and health related outcomes, and in longitudinal study (e.g. identifying predictors of nursing home admission among older BHIS participants). The linkage of both data sources combines their strengths but does not overcome all weaknesses.

The availability of a national register number was an asset for HISlink. Policy-makers and researchers must take initiatives to find a better balance between the right to privacy of respondents and society’s right to evidence-based information to improve health. Researchers should be aware that the procedures necessary to implement a link may have an impact on the timeliness of their research. Although some aspects of HISlink are specific to the Belgian context, we believe that some lessons learned are useful in an international context, especially for other European Union member states that collect similar data.
Periarticular injection, iPACK block, and peripheral nerve block in pain management after total knee arthroplasty: a structured narrative review
Authors: Domagalska Małgorzata , Wieczorowska-Tobis Katarzyna , Reysner Tomasz , Kowalski Grzegorz
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is commonly performed in patients with end-stage osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis of the knee to reduce joint pain, increase mobility, and improve quality of life. However, TKA is associated with moderate to severe postoperative pain, which remains a significant clinical challenge. Surgeon-administered PAI and anesthesiologist-administered iPACK have proven viable alternatives to conventional peripheral nerve blocks. This review aims to discuss which IPACK block or periarticular injection, combined or not with different peripheral nerve blocks, has better effects on postoperative rehabilitation, patient satisfaction, and overall outcome.

Material and methods

The literature review was performed on standards of care, current therapeutic options, a pain management protocol, and innovative treatment options for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. The literature was reviewed through four electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Embase.

Results

The initial search yielded 694 articles. Fifty relevant articles were selected based on relevance, recentness, search quality, and citations. Six studies compared PAI to peripheral nerve block (PNB), and eight studies checked the effectiveness of adding PNB to PAI. Three studies compared iPACK to PNB, and ten reviewed the point of adding PNB to iPACK.

Conclusions

The literature review indicates that the best analgesic effect is obtained by combining PAI or iPACK with a peripheral nerve block, particularly with ACB, due to its analgesic, motor-sparing effect, and satisfactory analgesia.
Comparison of post-COVID-19 vaccination hypermetabolic lymphadenopathy on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT between virus-vector vaccine and mRNA vaccine
Authors: Chiang Meng-Ting , Wang Jann-Tay , Lin Wan-Yu , Yen Ruoh-Fang , Huang Jei-Yie , Lu Ching-Chu
Published: November 2023

Purpose

We compared hypermetabolic lymphadenopathy (HLN) on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) after virus-vector and mRNA vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods

This retrospective study included 573 participants who underwent FDG PET/CT after receiving a virus-vector vaccine (ChAdOx1, AstraZeneca [AZ] group) or an mRNA vaccine (mRNA-1273, Moderna [M] group) from July 2021 to October 2021. The incidence and avidity of HLN were evaluated and correlated with clinical features and vaccine type. The final analysis was conducted with 263 participants in the AZ group and 310 participants in the M group.

Results

The HLN incidence was significantly lower in the AZ group than in the M group (38/263 [14%] vs. 74/310 [24%], p = 0.006). The FDG avidity of HLN was comparable between the two groups. The HLN incidence in both groups was significantly higher within 4 weeks after the vaccination compared with more than 4 weeks. The HLN incidence within 4 weeks of the vaccination was significantly higher in the M group than in the AZ group (p = 0.008), whereas a difference in HLN incidence between the two groups was not observed after the same duration (p = 0.11).

Conclusions

The mRNA mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine was found to be associated with higher glucose hypermetabolism in regional lymph nodes within the first 4 weeks compared with the virus-vector vaccine, as indicated by the presence of HLN on FDG PET/CT. The degree of glucose hypermetabolism was comparable between the two vaccines.
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes enriched with miR-218 reduce the epithelial–mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis in triple-negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Shojaei Samaneh , Moradi-Chaleshtori Maryam , Paryan Mahdi , Koochaki Ameneh , Sharifi Kazem , Mohammadi-Yeganeh Samira
Published: November 2023

Background

The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis are morphogenetic processes implicated in tumor invasion and metastasis. It is found that the aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) contributes to these processes. Exosomes are considered potential natural vehicles for miRNA delivery in cancer therapy. miR-218 is one of the tumor suppressor miRNAs and its downregulation is associated with EMT and angiogenesis. We aimed to use adipose mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (ADMSC-exosomes) for miR-218 delivery to breast cancer cells and evaluate miR-218 tumor-suppressing properties in vitro.

Methods

Exosomes were isolated from conditioned media of ADMSCs. miR-218 was loaded to exosomes using electroporation. mRNA expression of target genes (Runx2 and Rictor) in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells was evaluated by qPCR. To explore the effects of miR-218 containing exosomes on breast cancer cells, viability, apoptosis, and Boyden chamber assays were performed. The angiogenic capacity of MDA-MB-231 cells after treatment with miR-218 containing exosomes was assessed by in vitro tube formation assay.

Results

miR-218 mimic was efficiently loaded to ADMSC-exosomes and delivered to MDA-MB-231 cells. Exposure to miR-218 containing exosomes significantly decreased miR-218 target genes (Runx2 and Rictor) in MDA-MB-231 cells. They increased the expression of epithelial marker (CDH1) and reduced mesenchymal marker (CDH2). miR-218 restoration using miR-218 containing exosomes reduced viability, motility, invasion, and angiogenic capacity of breast cancer cells.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that ADMSC-exosomes can efficiently restore miR-218 levels in breast cancer cells and miR-218 can prevent breast cancer progression with simultaneous targeting of angiogenesis and EMT.
Sex-specific association between carotid atherosclerosis and fundus arteriosclerosis in a Chinese population: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Chunxing , Yang Xiaolong , Ji Mengmeng , Zhang Xiaowei , Bian Xiyun , Chen Tingli , Li Yihan , Qi Xing , Wu Jianfeng , Wang Jing , Tang Zaixiang
Published: November 2023

Objectives

Vascular stiffening is highly predictive of major adverse cardiovascular events. It is not clear whether microangiopathy, such as fundus arteriosclerosis, is related to carotid atherosclerosis. Hence, this study was designed to investigate the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis and fundus arteriosclerosis among individuals of different sexes in the Chinese health-examination population.

Methods

This retrospective cross-sectional study involved 20,836 participants, including 13050 males and 7786 females. All participants underwent a detailed health examination, including medical history assessment, physical examination, assessment of lifestyle factors, fundus photography, Doppler ultrasound examination of the neck, and laboratory examinations. Two trained ophthalmologists analysed fundus arteriosclerosis based on fundus photographs, while carotid atherosclerosis was diagnosed using colour Doppler sonography of the neck. Binary logistic regression was used to analyse the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis and fundus arteriosclerosis.

Results

In participants with fundus arteriosclerosis, the incidence of carotid atherosclerosis was higher than that of participants without fundus arteriosclerosis (52.94% vs. 47.06%). After adjustments for potential confounding factors, fundus arteriosclerosis was significantly associated with the risk of carotid atherosclerosis. The OR with 95% CI for fundus arteriosclerosis was 1.17 (1.02, 1.34) with p = 0.0262, and individuals who did not have fundus arteriosclerosis were used as a reference in the total population. Fundus arteriosclerosis was associated with the incidence of carotid atherosclerosis in males (p = 0.0005) but not in females (p = 0.0746).

Conclusions

Fundus arteriosclerosis was closely associated with carotid atherosclerosis in the Chinese population. This association was found in males but not in females.
Resequencing of the TMF-1 (TATA Element Modulatory Factor) regulated protein (TRNP1) gene in domestic and wild canids
Authors: Sacco James C. , Starr Emma , Weaver Alyssa , Dietz Rachel , Spocter Muhammad A.
Published: November 2023

Background

Cortical folding is related to the functional organization of the brain. The TMF-1 regulated protein (TRNP1) regulates the expansion and folding of the mammalian cerebral cortex, a process that may have been accelerated by the domestication of dogs. The objectives of this study were to sequence the TRNP1 gene in dogs and related canid species, provide evidence of its expression in dog brain and compare the genetic variation within dogs and across the Canidae. The gene was located in silico to dog chromosome 2. The sequence was experimentally confirmed by amplifying and sequencing the TRNP1 exonic and promoter regions in 72 canids (36 purebred dogs, 20 Gy wolves and wolf-dog hybrids, 10 coyotes, 5 red foxes and 1 Gy fox).

Results

A partial TRNP1 transcript was isolated from several regions in the dog brain. Thirty genetic polymorphisms were found in the Canis sp. with 17 common to both dogs and wolves, and only one unique to dogs. Seven polymorphisms were observed only in coyotes. An additional 9 variants were seen in red foxes. Dogs were the least genetically diverse. Several polymorphisms in the promoter and 3'untranslated region were predicted to alter TRNP1 function by interfering with the binding of transcriptional repressors and miRNAs expressed in neural precursors. A c.259_264 deletion variant that encodes a polyalanine expansion was polymorphic in all species studied except for dogs. A stretch of 15 nucleotides that is found in other mammalian sequences (corresponding to 5 amino acids located between Pro58 and Ala59 in the putative dog protein) was absent from the TRNP1 sequences of all 5 canid species sequenced. Both of these aforementioned coding sequence variations were predicted to affect the formation of alpha helices in the disordered region of the TRNP1 protein.

Conclusions

Potentially functionally important polymorphisms in the TRNP1 gene are found within and across various Canis species as well as the red fox, and unique differences in protein structure have evolved and been conserved in the Canidae compared to all other mammalian species.
Evaluation of the collapsible deformation of surrounding rock of loess hydraulic tunnel considering ground stress variation
Authors: Fangtao She , Wanying Xu , Lele Liu , Guoping Liu , Lei Li , Changhui Duan
Published: November 2023

Background

Uneven settlement will occur as a result of the collapsible deformation of the loess strata, and the hydraulic tunnel lining structure will also fail. In this work, laterally confined compression tests were carried out on loess and the double-line method was employed to evaluate the loess collapsibility. The deformation of the surrounding rock of a loess hydraulic tunnel under various ground stresses and its effect on the lining structure was modeled.

Results

Three stages were noted in the collapsible deformation of loess. The critical point between the former two stages corresponds to the pre-consolidation pressure of saturated loess and that between the latter two is taken as the structural yield pressure of unsaturated loess.

Conclusion

From the relationship between the collapsibility coefficient and vertical stress, the deformation of the tunnel under ground seepage primarily originates from two sources, i.e., the collapsible and compressive deformation. The latter source accounts for the deformation of loess adjacent to the lining when the seepage depth is low, while both sources are included when the bottom of the tunnel invert is infiltrated. The collapsible deformation is lower than that of the original stratum due to the stress relaxation during tunnel excavation. The tensile and compressive stresses of tunnel lining increase linearly with the seepage depth, with the maximum appearing at a position of 20 m away from the midline of the collapse and non-collapse domains. The results will provide a theoretical reference to the design and construction of hydraulic tunnels in collapsible loess stratum.
In situ anchoring iron oxide nanoparticles onto polyester/disperse dye for production of multifunctional fabrics
Authors: Abou Elmaaty Tarek , Abd Elsalam Sherif , Helal Shaimaa , Abdeldayem Shereen A.
Published: November 2023

Medical textiles, including surgical gowns, masks are used as obstacles to prevent the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The widespread of bacteria and viruses, e.g. chronic hepatitis B, hepatitis C and currently Covid-19 viruses in the patient population is very common. In this work, multifunctional eco-friendly polyester fabrics have been produced by in situ impregnation of 2-((E)-(2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydrazono)methyl)-4-((E)-phenyldiazenyl)phenol disperse dye onto magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. The technique endowed polyester fabrics with a new color as well as magnetic and antibacterial functionalities. The colored magnetic nanoparticles showed high affinity toward fabrics. Besides, the unbound dye could be easily collected from wastewater by a magnet, significantly facilitate the wastewater treatment. The treated fabrics were analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometry. Colorimetric values, tensile properties and fastness of the composite fabrics were also measured. The tensile properties of the composite were increased after functionalization. The wettability features of the fabric were investigated and showed a significant improvement. Also, the toxicity of the resulted fabric was exhibited low toxicity against wi-38 cell line. These results indicate the potentiality of the suggested technique in producing multifunctional fabrics with various applications, especially as medical textiles.
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate hydrate reduces medical expenses compared with hemodialysis in patients with acute hyperkalemia
Authors: Fujioka Hayato , Imamura Teruhiko , Koike Tsutomu , Yokoyama Shingo , Kakeshita Kota , Yamazaki Hidenori , Kinugawa Koichiro
Published: November 2023

Background

Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) has recently emerged as a therapeutic option for the management of acute hyperkalemia. Nevertheless, the relative effectiveness, safety, and financial considerations of SZC therapy versus conventional hemodialysis therapy remain uncertain.

Methods

In this retrospective study, we embarked upon a comparative analysis encompassing the financial aspects, safety profiles, and efficacy metrics associated with SZC therapy and hemodialysis in patients grappling with acute hyperkalemia. No patients had systemic congestion or uremia.

Results

A total of 21 patients (median 81 years old, 14 men) were included; 14 received SZC therapy and seven underwent hemodialysis. Acute hyperkalemia improved immediately within several days without any procedure-related adverse events, regardless of therapeutic interventions (p < 0.05 for both). Total medical expenses were significantly lower in the SZC group than in the hemodialysis group (55,596 [43,652, 69,761] vs. 419,768 [354,270, 514,700] Japanese yen, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

In the realm of acute hyperkalemia management, SZC therapy emerges as an economically judicious alternative, while upholding parity in terms of safety and effectiveness when compared with the conventional hemodialysis paradigm—unless complicated by systemic congestion or uremia. The pressing task at hand revolves around the discernment of the optimal patient demographic for SZC therapy within the ambit of acute hyperkalemia.
The AANS Harvey Cushing Medal: a demographic and academic analysis of its recipients
Authors: Pierre Kevin , Bardhi Olgert , Laurent Dimitri , Vaziri Sasha , Lucke-Wold Brandon , Brennan Meghan M. , Dagra Abeer , Olowofela Bankole , Barthélemy Ernest
Published: November 2023

Background

The Harvey Cushing Medal, awarded by the American Association of Neurological Surgeons, is the premier accolade in neurosurgery. The study’s purpose was to examine the qualities and accomplishments of previous winners, emphasizing potential selection biases, with the aim to promote social justice and guide young neurosurgeons in their career paths.

Results

Predominantly, recipients graduated from top-ranked United States News and World Report institutions and specialized in cerebrovascular and neuro-oncologic/skull base neurosurgery. A significant proportion held roles as department or division chairs and led neurosurgical organizations. All awardees were male, and there was a notable trend of increasing publication counts among more recent recipients.

Conclusions

Commonalities among Harvey Cushing Medal winners include graduating from top institutions, holding significant leadership roles, and having an extensive publication history. However, the absence of female and underrepresented minority awardees underscores an urgent need for greater diversity in the selection process.
Schizophrenia and family burden in Morocco: assessment in a sample of 150 caregivers
Authors: Benallel Khadija , Sabah Meryem Sara Zineb , Otheman Yassine , Kadiri Mohamed
Published: November 2023

Background

There have been few studies conducted in Africa about the burden on families of patients with schizophrenia. This study had two main objectives: assessing the burden of those families and identifying the socio-demographic factors associated with this one.

Methods

We included 300 participants: 150 were primary family caregivers of 150 patients with schizophrenia. A questionnaire was used to collect their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and their objective burden using the FBIS (Family Burden Interview Schedule).

Results

Patients were mostly men (n = 122, 81%), the mean age was 32.4 years ± 10.1, and more than half of the patients were psychoactive substance users. Participants (caregivers) were mostly women (n = 90, 60%). Their mean age was 51.9 ± 12.8 years, with a percentage of 62 (41%) illiteracy, while 98 (65%) were parents. The mean score of the family burden was 21.82 (0–48). The most affected categories were family routine, family interaction, and finances. The burden of families was associated with five sociodemographic variables: the female gender of the caregiver (p = 0.01), the male gender of the patient (p = 0.02), his young age (p = 0,004), his education level (p < 0.0001), and his psychoactive substance use (PAS) (p < 0.000 1).

Conclusion

The three main constraints encountered by families caring for a patient with schizophrenia were disruption of daily activities, deterioration in the quality of family interactions with those around them, and lastly financial difficulties. These results highlighted the need to set up intermediary socio-medical structures, which would act as a link between conventional hospital services and families.
Exploring visitors’ visual perception along the spatial sequence in temple heritage spaces by quantitative GIS methods: a case study of the Daming Temple, Yangzhou City, China
Authors: Zhou Kai , Wu Wenting , Li Tianjie , Dai Xiaoling
Published: November 2023

The Daming Temple, built during 457–464 C.E., is one of the developing ancient temple heritage spaces located in Yangzhou city, P. R. China. Over the past 60 years, variation in visitors’ spatial perception along the tour routes in the temple has occurred. This research attempts to reveal the changes in visitors’ visual perception along the spatial sequences at 3 different times (i.e., 1962, 1973 and 2022). A quantitative GIS-based method, which includes analysing the distribution of visitors’ spatial preferences and spatial configuration, is proposed. Digital landscape tools and quantitative estimation methods are used, including mapping within Rhinoceros software, the kernel density estimation (KDE) method within ArcGIS software and spatial syntax analysis within DepthMap software. Extracted geodata from 500 photographs of the heritage space taken by volunteer visitors are analysed within the GIS environment. Values of the mean depth (MD) at both levels of visibility and accessibility are calculated within the visibility graph analysis (VGA) model. Comparisons between the visual preferences of the visitors and the spatial configuration along the spatial sequence are conducted. The results indicate that the spatial sequence has a significant impact on visitors’ visual preferences and tour routes. The phenomenon of spatial sequence among dynamic temporal variations and the effects of narrative spaces along the spatial sequence are highlighted and explained, which reveal the relationship between visitors’ geospatial preference and the spatial configuration of the temple. Some suggestions are put forwards for further studies on the revitalisation and management of East Asian ancient temple heritage spaces.
Psychotic and autistic traits among magicians and their relationship with creative beliefs
Authors: Greengross Gil , Silvia Paul J. , Crasson Sara J.
Published: November 2023

Background

There is a common perception that creativity is associated with psychopathology. Previous studies have shown that members of creative groups such as comedians, artists and scientists scores higher than the norm on psychotic traits, and scientists in STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) fields score highly on autistic traits.

Aims

To test whether magicians, a creative group that has not been studied before, also score highly on psychopathological traits and autism, and to test the associations of creative self-efficacy and creative identity with schizotypal and autistic traits among magicians.

Method

A sample of 195 magicians and 233 people from the general population completed measures of schizotypal traits (Oxford–Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences) and autism (Abridged Version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient), as well as the Short Scale of Creative Self. Magicians were also compared with other creative groups with respect to schizotypal traits, based on previously published data.

Results

Magicians scored lower than the general population sample on three of the four schizophrenia measures (cognitive disorganisation, introvertive anhedonia and impulsive nonconformity) but did not differ with respect to unusual experiences or autism scores. Magicians scored higher on creative self-efficacy and creative personal identity than the general sample. Magicians’ scores on schizotypal traits were largely lower than those of other creative groups. Originality of magic was positively correlated with unusual experiences (r = 0.208), creative self-efficacy (r = 0.251) and creative identity (r = 0.362).

Conclusions

This is the first study to show a creative group with lower scores than norms on psychotic traits. The results highlight the unique characteristics of magicians and the possible myriad associations between creativity and mental disorders among creative groups.
Στάσεις και απόψεις μαθητών λυκείου σχετικά με τη δωρεά οργάνων και ιστών για μεταμόσχευση
Authors: Τζήμα Σουλτάνα
Published: November 2023

Εισαγωγή: Διεθνώς, αλλά και ιδιαίτερα στη χώρα μας, το χάσμα μεταξύ προσφοράς και ζήτησης οργάνων προς μεταμόσχευση συνεχώς διευρύνεται. Ως σημαντικοί παράγοντες υστέρησης στα ποσοστά συναίνεσης για δωρεά έχουν ταυτοποιηθεί: η ελλιπής ενημέρωση του πληθυσμού και η έλλειψη εμπιστοσύνης στο σύστημα που διέπει την όλη διαδικασία της δωρεάς και των μεταμοσχεύσεων. Η επιστημονική ενημέρωση αποτελεί το κλειδί για την επίλυση του προβλήματος αυτού. Αυτή, πιθανά, είναι περισσότερο αποτελεσματική, αν διενεργηθεί κατά τη διάρκεια της εφηβικής ηλικίας, όταν οι άνθρωποι διαμορφώνουν τις αντιλήψεις τους για τα κοινωνικά ζητήματα, που κατά κανόνα τους ακολουθούν σε όλη την υπόλοιπη ζωή τους. Σκοπός: Η εκτίμηση των γνώσεων και των στάσεων/αντιλήψεων εφήβων μαθητών Λυκείου, σχετικά με τη δωρεά και μεταμόσχευση οργάνων και η πιθανή συμβολή διαδραστικού ενημερωτικού/εκπαιδευτικού προγράμματος από ειδικούς επαγγελματίες υγείας. Υλικό και μέθοδος: Η έρευνα διενεργήθηκε σε μαθητές Β’ Λυκείου, σε έξι Σχολεία δύο επαρχιακών πόλεων της Ελλάδας (στη μια εκ των οποίων λειτουργεί μονάδα μεταμόσχευσης), με τη μέθοδο της συμπλήρωσης ειδικού ερωτηματολογίου. Οι μαθητές κλήθηκαν να συμπληρώσουν το έντυπο πριν και μετά από ενημερωτικό/εκπαιδευτικό πρόγραμμα από επαγγελματίες υγείας. Από τη δεύτερη φάση (προηγηθείσα ενημέρωση) εξαιρέθηκαν οι μαθητές ενός σχολείου από κάθε πόλη, ώστε να αποτελέσουν την ομάδα ελέγχου. Τα αποτελέσματα των απαντήσεων, πριν και μετά το ενημερωτικό/εκπαιδευτικό πρόγραμμα, αναλύθηκαν και συσχετίσθηκαν με τη χρήση του στατιστικού πακέτου SPSS v.23. Αποτελέσματα: Η συντριπτική πλειοψηφία των μαθητών εκτίμησαν ως ιδιαίτερα χρήσιμο το επιμορφωτικό πρόγραμμα (ποσοστό > 95%), απόδειξη του πραγματικού τους ενδιαφέροντος να λάβουν επαρκή κι επιστημονικά τεκμηριωμένη πληροφόρηση. Η εφαρμογή του προγράμματος βελτίωσε σημαντικά τις γενικές γνώσεις τους για τα ζητήματα της δωρεάς και μεταμόσχευσης οργάνων και της έννοιας του εγκεφαλικού θανάτου (75,1% έναντι 90,6% και 44,8% έναντι 79,7%, p<0.001 και p<0.001, πριν και μετά, αντίστοιχα). Επίσης, μετά την παρακολούθηση του προγράμματος αυξήθηκε σε σημαντικό βαθμό η θετική στάση των μαθητών στο δυνητικό ενδεχόμενο δωρεάς οργάνων από εγκεφαλικά νεκρό συγγενικό τους πρόσωπο (50,6% έναντι 74%, p<0.001), ενώ 88αντίστοιχη σημαντική βελτίωση εμφάνισε η θετική στάση τους στο δυνητικό ενδεχόμενο αυτοί οι ίδιοι να συναινέσουν στην εν ζωή δωρεά οργάνου σε κάποιο συγγενικό τους πρόσωπο (77,6% έναντι 91%, p<0.001). Τέλος, παρά τη σημαντική βελτίωση των απαντήσεων σχετικά με τις γνώσεις και την εμπιστοσύνη τους στο σύστημα μεταμοσχεύσεων μετά την εφαρμογή του προγράμματος, η άγνοιαελλιπής ενημέρωση συνέχισε να αποτελεί την κύρια αιτία σχετικής επιφυλακτικότητας (39,8% έναντι 31,7%, p=0.002). Συμπεράσματα: Η επίδραση του εκπαιδευτικού/ενημερωτικού προγράμματος στους μαθητές βελτίωσε, τόσο τις γνώσεις, όσο και τις στάσεις και αντιλήψεις τους γύρω από τη δωρεά και μεταμόσχευση οργάνων και ως εκ τούτου προτείνεται η ένταξη ανάλογων projects στη σχολική διαδικασία.
The genome sequence of the yellow-legged black legionnaire, Beris morrisii (Dale, 1841)
Authors: McCulloch James ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: November 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Beris morrisii (the yellow-legged black legionnaire; Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Stratiomyidae). The genome sequence is 613.3 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 5 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 16.69 kilobases in length.
AEROELASTIC ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE PLATE WINGS BASED ON A NEW HSDT FINITE ELEMENT—MONNA
Authors: HAUGHT JUSTIN A. , SIVANERI NITHI TI
Published: November 2023

A new Multi-Order Nine-Node Advanced (MONNA) plate finite element is developed. This is a subparametric conforming 68 degree-of-freedom composite flat plate element based on the Higher Order Shear Deformation Theory (HSDT). This element may be considered h-p version, as accuracy is increased by increasing the number of elements and internal nodes are included to aid the rate of convergence. The element formulation is based on Hamilton’s principle. A computer code is written in MATLAB to perform the finite element analysis. Several static and dynamic verification runs are carried out and these demonstrate mostly superior convergence and higher accuracy of MONNA when compared to existing elements. The objective is to study the divergence and flutter characteristics of composite plate wings using HSDT by incorporating the MONNA finite element. The aerodynamic model incorporates the vortex lattice, doublet lattice, and doublet point panel method models. The higher-order plate element demonstrates better aeroelastic convergence and accuracy relative to traditional elements. Negligible difference is shown between FSDT and HSDT for a variety of composite materials and plate thicknesses.
MULTISCALE MODELING OF FAILURE MECHANISMS IN MULTIDIRECTIONAL DOUBLE-EDGE NOTCH COMPRESSION SPECIMENS
Authors: FAUPEL ALEX , OSKAY CAGLAR
Published: November 2023

This study presents the use of a multiscale computational model for laminated composites in a double-edge notch compression (DENC) configuration. Analysis of in-situ and post-test DENC experiment results indicates the presence of multiple failure mechanisms, including ply splitting, delamination, and compression kink bands. In order to understand the onset, growth, and interplay of the critical and subcritical damage mechanisms, a nonlocal multiscale kink band model is incorporated alongside splitting and delamination models to simulate the compression behavior. The kink band model used in this study explicitly tracks the microstructural failure mechanisms that lead to the formation and propagation of kink bands. Cohesive zone models are used to describe the initiation and progression of ply splitting and delamination in the specimen. The splitting model was implemented using implicit finite element simulations and deployed with a pre-crack insertion technique to reduce simulation time while preserving prediction accuracy. Deterministic calibration of model parameters is performed using experiment measurements, and the effects of split location and growth characteristics on model predictions are also studied. The predicted positions of damage initiation and progression through the thickness of the laminate agree well with experiment results which include quantified characterization of the initiation and growth of both kink bands and surface ply splitting as a function of applied load level.
CHARACTERIZATION OF CONTINUOUS CARBON NANOTUBE YARNS
Authors: THAGARD KAYLEE , EVERS CECIL , LIANG RICHARD
Published: November 2023

An approach on tensile testing is established for the mechanical characterization of two types of continuous carbon nanotube (CNT) yarns for potential aerospace-grade composite laminate applications. CNT yarns with around 80% alignment achieved a specific tensile strength of 1.66 N/tex and a specific tensile modulus of 84.64 N/tex. We studied the effects of resin cure cycles, moisture levels, and cyclical loading on the yarn’s mechanical properties. The results show that the specific strength and specific modulus of CNT yarns were unaffected by the temperature parameters of the BMI resin cure cycle. Hysteresis tests were performed to examine the resistance of CNT yarns to loading cycles, resulting in slight strain hardening and a 4-6 % increase in the specific strength and modulus of yarns. CNT yarns were moisture conditioned in wet, dry, and ambient environments to determine the effect of moisture content on mechanical performance. Yarn properties increased by up to 10% when ambient moisture was removed from the system. The results provide valuable insights to understand tensile properties and behaviors of high strength continuous CNT yarns with multiscale microstructures.
3D PRINTED AIRCRAFT COMPETITION: A FRAMEWORK FOR LEARNING DESIGN FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURE
Authors: TAYLOR ROBERT M. , GONZALES ADRIAN , NZERE ORIE , ALLSUP THOMAS
Published: November 2023

The annual 3D Printed Aircraft Competition (3DPAC) at the University of Texas at Arlington (UTA) provides a competitive, experiential environment for undergraduate and graduate students to learn and apply design and process knowledge to innovatively design an aircraft with a 3D printed airframe. This paper provides an overview of the competition, case studies of current fixed and rotary wing aircraft designs from UTA design teams, and discussion of key observations and lessons learned from seven years of 3D printed aircraft competitions. In the competition, teams from a range of universities compete in fixed wing and rotary wing categories for prizes in design innovation and flight duration. It challenges students to apply theoretical principles for successful, lightweight vehicle design while considering 3D printing process and material constraints in order to maximize flight performance. Design freedom in terms of size, configuration, weight, and materials allows students to innovate and create to the best of their abilities. Limitations on propulsion duration and flight boundaries require teams to design effective, controllable flight vehicles and configure and size lightweight, efficient structures for maximum flight duration. Design case studies discuss the vehicle and structural design, including loads development, vehicle sizing, structural configuration and sizing, and structural and vehicle testing for aircraft printed using Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), MultiJet Fusion (MJF), and Continuous Fiber Fabrication (CFF). The discussion emphasizes design considerations for 3D printing limitations such as wall thickness, overhangs and bridging limits, design limits to eliminate the need for supports, process-induced distortion, and printed material integrity.
EXPERIMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION AND NUMERICAL MODELING OF ±45° TENSILE LAMINATES
Authors: NGUYEN MINH HOANG , WAAS ANTHONY M.
Published: November 2023

This paper investigates the combined effect of stacking sequence and interlayer toughening on the mechanical response and failure modes of ±45 carbon fiber reinforced laminates, through experimental and numerical studies. Two material systems (T800H/3631, T800S/3900) and three stacking sequences (4 double plies, 4 plies, 8 plies) have been examined. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and a high resolution edge camera were utilized to capture the intricate crack patterns in each ply. This paper also addresses the challenge of the nonlinear in-plane shear characterization of each lamina, and proposes an amendment to the existing ASTM standard to obtain the lamina shear strength and the in-situ non- linear response. The complex progression of micro-damage, matrix cracks and delamination as well as the final two-piece failure were captured by the enhanced semi-discrete damage modeling (eSD2M) framework. A parametric study was performed to reverse-engineer the most critical parameters such as interlayer strengths and toughnesses. The obtained values reflect the difference in the interlayer composition between the two material systems.
OPENSG: AN OPEN-SOURCE MULTISCALE CONSTITUTIVE MODELING CODE FOR COMPOSITE STRUCTURES AND MATERIALS
Authors: BAGLA AKSHAT , YU WENBIN , CAMARENA ERNESTO
Published: November 2023

Mechanics of Structure Genome (MSG) represents a revolutionary approach to multiscale modeling drastically different from the conventional bottom-up multiscale modeling approaches. The principle of minimum information loss (PMIL) is used to avoid a priori assumptions in kinematics and kinetics. MSG confines all approximations to the constitutive modeling for all types of structures including 3D solids, 2D plates/shells, and 1D beams, directly linking the structural properties with microstructural details. MSG allows one to choose the starting scale and ending scale and capture details as needed and affordable without invalid scale separation and assumptions within scales. MSG has been proven to be much faster than the popular alternative, RVE analysis. MSG was implemented in a commercial code called Swift- Comp as a general-purpose constitutive modeling software that can be used by itself for virtual testing of structures and materials or as a plugin for conventional FEA packages. However, to assemble all the talents the world has to offer to realize the ICME vision, we are motivated to develop an open-source implementation of MSG so that others can easily leverage the efficient MSG theory to develop other multiscale models. In this paper, we will show how we implement MSG using FEniCS, an opensource, general-purpose FEA package. FEniCS is a popular open-source computing platform for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). FEniCS enables users to quickly translate scientific models into efficient finite element codes. Formulating the MSG theory using a variational statement suitable for FEniCS along with proper constraints, we developed OpenSG, an open-source implementation of MSG, using FEniCS. OpenSG will be used to perform homogenization and dehomogenization for heterogeneous solids, plates/shells, and beams. Applications of OpenSG to composites, 3D printed materials, metamaterials, biomaterials, and auxetic materials will be demonstrated. The performance in terms of accuracy and efficiency of OpenSG will be compared to SwiftComp. After extensive verification and validation, OpenSG will be made available globally through github.
Estudios mediáticos y fenómenos migratorios: una revisión sistemática de la literatura desde 2011 hasta 2021
Authors: Cortés-Martínez Carlos A. , Gómez-Giraldo Juan Carlos , Cuartas-Barrios Joselin M.
Published: November 2023

Hacía falta un estado del arte que describiera los principales enfoques, resultados, métodos y teorías de la investigación académica en comunicación sobre el fenómeno migratorio durante la última década. Este análisis bibliométrico de 196 artículos en 37 revistas mayoritariamente escritas en español identificó las publicaciones principales en comunicación que han aportado al entendimiento de las migraciones. Los resultados de esta revisión de la literatura muestran que quienes trabajan en los medios atribuyen las fallas de su oficio a la falta de preparación y a la ausencia de manuales deontológicos; que la calidad de los productos mediáticos sobre la migración tiende a ser pobre; y que la literatura sobre las audiencias documenta los efectos de los medios y la percepción de los públicos receptores de migración. Esos hallazgos sugieren que existe un sesgo académico hacia los fenómenos migratorios latinoamericanos desde perspectivas interseccionales; que hacen falta acercamientos etnográficos a los procesos de creación mediática; que la investigación sobre los productos resulta repetitiva; y que, mientras los estudios sobre las audiencias europeas abundan, los de públicos migrantes escasean. La discusión invita a comprobar esas hipótesis y a incluir más voces latinoamericanas en la conversación global sobre las migraciones.
Coronary cameral fistula manifested as angina pectoris in a 40-year old female
Authors: Bigdelu Leila , Azari Ali , Heidari-Bakavoli Ali , Maadarani Ossama
Published: November 2023

Coronary cameral fistula (CCF) is defined as an abnormal connection between the coronary artery and any cardiac chamber. It usually appears due to abnormal embryogenesis and represents less than 1% of the population. Most CCF cases are asymptomatic, however large CCFs may cause symptoms and complications. We present a case of a young female with symptomatic CCF suspected on echocardiography and confirmed by computed tomography coronary angiography. She was successfully treated surgically with total improvement of symptoms.
The ‘mini fan’ and ‘simple interrupted thread’ techniques: a novel method for treating deep nasolabial folds and dynamic discord lines
Authors: Sadiq Sana
Published: November 2023

This article offers a novel non-surgical dermal filler technique to better resolve the appearance of nasolabial folds and dynamic discord lines. It will highlight how traditional filler techniques can be combined with the novel ‘mini fan’ and ‘simple interrupted suture’ techniques to give optimal aesthetic outcomes. The anatomy of the complex topological region of the nasolabial fold and the origin of dynamic discord lines will be explained. It is important to understand the role of changes in the osseus, superficial musculoaponeurotic system, adipose and dermal structure that occur with ageing, to treat these regions most effectively.
Polynucleotides: the crucial biomolecules bridging therapeutics and aesthetics
Authors: Samizadeh Souphi
Published: November 2023

Polynucleotides, the key building blocks of life, have a fascinating history and broad range of applications spanning from the realm of medicine to aesthetics. This article explores the intricacies of these biological polymers, delves into the ethical considerations associated with their use, and offers insights into their medicinal and aesthetic potential.
Towards a specialist practitioner in aesthetic nursing
Authors: Brennan Angela
Published: November 2023

In some way, this new regulation and standardisation of aesthetic practice education for nurses represents the beginning of a welcome journey towards the recognition of aesthetic nursing as a specialist practice area
Shared-practice approach to responsible antimicrobial use in farm animal vets in Wales
Authors: Rees Gwen
Published: November 2023

Many different approaches exist to minimise antimicrobial resistance and encourage farm animal vets to prescribe responsibly. Wales aims to lead the way in tackling antimicrobial resistance with a prescribing community initiative, a code of use and clinical guidelines.