bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Mode of Solar Automatic Tracker
Authors: Yuan Zhong Ying
Published: August 2013

Solar energy, as a new type of energy for sustainable development without pollution, has caught much attention all over the world. Adequately improving the utilization rate of solar illumination is taken as the only means of using solar energy in maximum. This paper introduces two different tracking modes of the solar tracker which can switch automatically: Sensor tracking mode and the sun trajectory tracking mode. These two modes can self-switch and cooperate with each other to achieve high precision of all time automatic tracking.
Preparation of Li2FeSiO4/C Composite Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries by Carbothermal Reduction Method
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Liu Xing Quan , Ma Shen Si , Zhao Hong Yuan
Published: August 2013

The Li2FeSiO4/C composite cathode material was synthesized by carbothermal reduction method using Li2CO3, Fe2O3 and (C2H5O) 4Si and sucrose as raw materials, The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and electrochemical test methods. The influence of sintering temperatures on the electrochemical properties of Li2FeSiO4/C was examined. The results indicated that the as-synthetized Li2FeSiO4 are orthorhombic structure. The highly pure Li2FeSiO4 material with uniform and nanosized particle was synthesized and showed a high specific capacity and good cycle performance by sintering at 600°C for 12h. The initial discharge capacity of Li2FeSiO4/C composite cathode material was 140.2 mAh/g at 0.2C rate in a potential range of 1.5-4.7V (vs. Li/Li+) at room temperature, and the discharge capacity was maintained at 141.7 mAh/g after 50 cycles.
Renewable Generation and its Integration in the Power System of Green Island
Authors: Wu Yuan Kang , Han Gia Yo , Tsai Shao Hong , Lee Ching Yin
Published: August 2013

Renewable energy resource on islands is rich, which is of unique potential dominance in electricity development. In Taiwan, Green Island power system is a small, isolated system with a load level of 4.39 MW at peak and 0.81 MW at the minimum. It has been mainly fed from diesel generators. This paper is to study the effect of generator outage events on the system transient stability in the Green Island under a high penetration of renewable energy integration. Simulation results reveal that the system stability would not be affected and even improved as long as the renewable energy generators do not trip offline when system contingence occurs. Moreover, addition of one extra generator unit could significantly reduce the drop of the system's transient frequency. The work can provide several important operational experience to isolated micro grids with high penetration of renewable energy.
A Research on Energy-Saving Technological Transformation of Cement Grinding System Based on FPP Grinding
Authors: Cao Wei , Ni Wen Long , Zha Wen Wei
Published: August 2013

A technological transformation was carried out for the aging and high energy consumption of the original powder grinding system equipment. By comparing different programs, a pre-grinding method was designed with advanced FPP grinding. This method could reduce the cost, save energy, and ensure the production capacity of cement grinding and product quality meeting the design requirements.
An Analysis of the Seasonal Energy Consumption of Culture and Education Comprehensive Building
Authors: Lu Hong Wei , Gong Hong Wei
Published: August 2013

Through a comparative analysis, this paper attempts to summarize the hourly variations of the total energy consumptions and itemized energy consumptions in a culture and education comprehensive building in summer, winter, and the transitional season. The results show a great difference in energy consumptions in the same building in different seasons. Energy consumption is highest in winter. There is a minor difference in energy consumptions between a typical day in summer vacation and a normal work day in summer. The lowest energy consumption is in winter vacation, but a typical day in winter vacation would still consume about half of the energy consumed on a normal working day in winter. Keywords: Comprehensive building; analysis of energy consumption; itemized energy consumption
Analysis of Heat Distributing to Ensure Energy Saving
Authors: Chang Xiao , Li Tian Chi , Xian Yu Bo , Zhao Xin Chao
Published: August 2013

In this paper, we present a mathematical model which aims to save energy of household appliances, take the brownie pan as example we take advantage of the heat conduction and draw the conclusion that the pan in shape with more edges has more even distribution of heat. In most cases, the shape of rectangle is the best choice to save energy when bake. In Heat conduction model, We raise a conception of doneness to accurately measure how hard the food is being baked, and we handle a second-order partial differential equation based on the heat transfer theory, considering both evenly heating vertically and heat transferring horizontally. We focus on the ratio of how well roasted the edges and the corners are shows the distribution of heat across the outer edge of a pan for pans of different shapes. The variance of all points heating level on the pan shows the evenness of the heat distribution.
Analysis of Natural Lighting Stadium Negative Effect
Authors: Chen Xiao Jie
Published: August 2013

Collection of the stadium natural light environment design information, part of the stadium of light environment with representative of site investigation, then the optical quality of the environment and the operation status of the subjective analysis and evaluation. The negative effect and in-depth study of all kinds of sports project natural lighting technology requirements for lighting stadium and gymnasium, reveals the technical problems of the stadium natural light environment design. Combined with the collection and integration of the relevant information, introduces the related technology and advanced design method of the stadium natural light environment design information. Through the analysis of influence factor of value foundation to enhance the basic approach based on and on, to further explore the market analysis and positioning. Procedure for determining the value engineering implementation the stadium natural light environment design work, lay the foundation for the optimization of the stadium natural light environment design to carry out new design ideas, methods and techniques.
Application of Heat Pump Energy-Saving Control Temperature Technology in Large Warehouse on Preservation Quality of Rice
Authors: Xu Li Nan , Li Xi Hong , Chen Yuan Yuan , Liu Xia
Published: August 2013

Effect of ground source heat pump (GSHP) on control large warehouse temperature and the quality of grain during the storage in it was investigated. GSHP exhibited a better control in temperature in warehouse and grain heap. Compared with traditional warehouse, the temperature in warehouse installed GSHP and grain heap in which were all lower than 20°C in a whole year. The parameters of biological activity of grain were determined. At the end of storage, the moisture content of rice in the test warehouse was 0.39% higher than control and the total bacteria counts of rice were one time higher in the control warehouse than that in the test warehouse.
Synthesis of Mixed TiO2-Rare Earth Up-Conversion Material and Application in the Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Xue Fang , Zhang Jun , Wu Ya Han , Wang Xiu Fang , Liu Na , Yuan Meng Jun , Yang Cai Xia , Huo Yan
Published: August 2013

Rare earth ion-doped nanoparticles NaYF4:Yb3+,Ho3+ is one of the most efficient up-conversion nanosystems, when mixing a TiO2 heterogeneous layer outside can extends the range of NaYF4:Yb3+,Ho3+ nanoparticles absorb solar energy. In this work, a multi-functional mixed NaYF4:Yb3+,Ho3+-TiO2 structure was synthesized. The micromorphology, structure and particle size of the up-converting nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and room temperature up-conversion luminescence (UCL) spectrofluorimetric measurements. The mixture of NaYF4:Yb3+,Ho3+ and TiO2 nanoparticles was applied to Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the DSSC with up-conversion material is nearly twice as much as of the control DSSC irradiated by infrared (IR) light.
Comprehensive Evaluation of Energy Conservation and Emissions Reduction for Green Power Grid
Authors: Wang Wei
Published: August 2013

Energy crisis and environmental protection are becoming the focus of the sustainable development, which strongly calls construction of green power. This paper defines green power grid content. Evaluate energy conservation from power generation side, transmission side, distribution side and electricity side, emissions reduction from atmospheric environmental impact, water environmental impact and, noise influence and solid waste influence, so as to establish the energy conservation and emission reduction evaluation index system for green power grid. Combination weight based on AHP and entropy and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation are established. A case analysis in China verifies that the proposed evaluation indicators and model are validated and practical.
Research on the Energy Consumption Efficiency Based on Generalized DEA Method with Cluster Analysis
Authors: Ma Sheng Yun , Ma Zhan Xin , Ji Ri Mu Tu
Published: August 2013

Sometims traditional DEA method can not compare the efficiency of some decision making unit. Cluster analysis method can be applied in the generalized DEA method with input only to solve this kind of problem. The mean vector of all decision making units was taken as a virtual decision making unit, some special decision making units were selected by average linkage method to act as sample unit set and the G-DEA efficiency of all the decision making units were evaluated based on the sample unit set. At last the efficiency of Chinese energy consumption efficiency for per 100 million yuan GDP was evaluated by the traditional BC2 method and the method which given in this paper.
Ground Source Heat Pump and Conventional Heat Sources to Match the Design and Operation Mode for Energy Saving
Authors: Sun Lei , Xiao Jia Fu , Ran Chun Yu , Zhang Li Yun
Published: August 2013

According to China's current energy present situation, the use of renewable energy, saving energy and reducing consumption has become the energy industry development should follow the basic principles. Ground-source heat pump and conventional heat source composite system as a kind of building energy efficiency technology, mainly reflected in soil source heat pump renewable energy utilization aspects. In this paper the soil source heat pump and conventional heat source matching design and operation mode research, from the matching design principle chart, operation mode, the practical engineering application, economic and technical analysis into consideration, it is concluded that the soil source heat pump and conventional heat source composite system can be applied and research.
Study of Optimization Design and Energy Saving Effect Prediction of Rudder Bulb Based on CFD Technique
Authors: Shen Hai Long , Liu Ye Bao , Su Yu Min
Published: August 2013

To meet the increasing energy-saving demand due to the rapid rise in fuel oil costs, a rudder bulb energy-saving device was developed. Compared with the present energy-saving devices of the rudder bulbs, the diameter was increase to 0.3 times of the propeller diameter and the rudder bulb was combined with the propeller hub to maximize its performance when located in the complex flow field around the stern, considering the hydrodynamic factors which govern the energy-saving effect. A number of model numerical predictions were carried out and the results indicated that the energy-saving for rudder bulb is around 2.03%. This paper describes the principle and procedure for the optimization design and energy saving effect prediction of the new type rudder bulb.
Synergetic Utilization of Coal and Industrial Waste Heat in Power Generation System
Authors: Chen Zhen , Ni Wei Dou
Published: August 2013

Coal and industrial waste heat synergetic utilization power generation system (the synergetic system) is proposed according to the energy cascade utilization principle. The industrial waste heat is used for feedwater heating of coal-fired power generation system to substitute steam extraction from steam turbine. The thermal performance of stand-alone waste heat power generation, stand-alone coal-fired power generation, and synergetic systems were studied, to compare the power generation capability of each system using heat balance method. The results show that the power generation capability of synergetic power generation system is larger than that of the two stand-alone systems. The equivalent and same grade waste heat synergized with higher-parameter, larger-capacity coal-fired power generation systems can generate more electricity than with the low-parameter ones; the high-parameter waste heat synergized with the higher-parameter and larger-capacity power generation systems can reach larger power generation capability. The multi-energy synergetic heating mode can greatly improve the comprehensive energy efficiency and reduce the coal consumption compared with the stand-alone energy heating mode.
Impact of Environmental Regulation on Chinese High Energy Consumption Products: Crude Steel Production as an Example
Authors: Zhang Jia Sheng , Zhou Xuan
Published: August 2013

Environmental regulations intensity usually affected the environmental sensitivity production directly. Based on the annual data from 1994 to 2010 as the sample interval, this paper carries out the empirical analysis about the effect of economic growth and Chinese environmental regulations intensity on the crude steel production, research results show that the Chinese environmental regulation is the Granger cause of crude steel production, and environmental regulation has an adverse effect on crude steel production, Chinese economic growth promotes the growth of crude steel production.
Research Method in the Influence of Reclamation on Fishery Resources
Authors: Zhang Tian Wen , Song Ai Huan , Li Qiao Chu , Xin Mei Li , Qiu Zhao Xing , Zheng Yong Yun
Published: August 2013

Reclamation is one of the most important utilization manne0r of ocean for mankind. Yet because reclamation changes natural bank shape in short term, so it can strongly disturb the whole natural system, which affect the stability, diversity and sustainability of the seashore .Evaluation and comparison of various coastal reclamation are often complicated by the absence of a natural or obvious way to weigh the importance of the expected performance. This paper constructs the influence of reclamation on fishery resources index system based on Pressure-State-Response (PSR) model, using composite index method to evaluate the influence.
Set Pair Analysis Model Based on Grey Relational Degree for Lake Eutrophication Evaluation
Authors: Wang Ren Fang , Gao Wen Min , Li Fan Xiu
Published: August 2013

Set pair analysis (SPA) is emerging as a new system theory method for analyzing vagueness and uncertainty of facts. Many problems of uncertainty of fuzziness can be solved with the application of identity-discrepancy-contrary expression. Aiming at the problem being too complex for the present evaluation methods on lake eutrophication, an assessment of lake eutrophication of SPA based on grey relational degree was suggested. The results of the assessment are in concordance with other evaluation methods.
The Assessment of Geological Environment and its Application for Lu’an National Planning Mining Areas in Shanxi Province
Authors: Huang Cen Li , Wang Yang
Published: August 2013

Lu'an is classified as national planning coal-mining areas and is also one of most important coal production region in North of China. On the basis of field investigation and samples analysis results, the assessment of geologic environment of the study areas is carry on by means of AHP. The processes of assessment consist of establishment of evaluation index system, determination of weights of each index and outline of geological environmental zoning. The results of assessment can be served as arguments for regional planning and coal producer to prevent, reduce geo-environmental problems and maintain a sustainable and reasonable exploration of coal resources in this region.
Environmental Risk Indication for the Wastewater of the Bio-Pharmaceutical Industry by Microbial Fitting Function
Authors: Chen Xue Long , Wang Xiao Long
Published: August 2013

Trying to work out a fast, simple and convenient assessment method for the wastewater of bio-pharmaceutical industry, microcosm, dose-effective relation analysis and fitting function analysis were performed, according to the better reactivity of microbial in pharmaceutical environmental risk assessment, to select representative microbial indicator on the basis of coefficient of fitting function. Among 4 candidates, a significant negative co-relation (r=-0.981, P=0.003) among the mass growths (OD600) of Aerobacter cloacae and the concentrations of artificial composed water was seen with a coefficient (R2) of 0.9626. So the aerobacter cloacae was selected as an indicator, and its equation of fitting function was: y=-0.0634x+0.1623; Risk levels were set according to the fitting function: OD600≥0.1623 no risk，0.0812＜OD600＜0.1623 low risk，0.0000＜OD600≤0.0812 medium risk，OD600≤0.0000 high risk.
The Optimized Model of Town Sewage Structure Charge and its Computing
Authors: Peng Zhang E , Luo Jian Ping , Zhang Xia
Published: August 2013

In reference to international regional sewage pipe network and sewage treatment plant planning, the actual situation of China's villages and small town was investigated. According to the costs data from presented sewage pipe and sewage treatment plant construction system, the model on the sewage pipe network and sewage treatment plant charge was obtained. Then the model was simplified to be calculating the shortest distance between the wastewater treatment plant and the effluent discharge point. The suitable computing method for the shortest distance is building the minimum spanning tree. The software for computing was written with prim algorithm. The computing results can be used as a planning and design reference of sewage pipe network. The model method can be used for design program to select long-distance transmission or local treatment of the sewage.
Evaluation of Physical-Chemical Characteristics and Tillage Suitability at Reclaimed Field in Arid Year
Authors: Wang Xi , Yan Jia Ping , Bjǒrn Marx , Weiss Eltje
Published: August 2013

The aim of this study is the relationship of the pH value, thickness of topsoil and water balance and other index, in order to achieve sustainable and economic application of the reclaimed land. Ultimate goal is improving the biomass of the soil in the mining area. Through the experiment, it can be seen that fly ash play essential role in arid year. With capillary function from underground water, fly ash will afford more available water for growth of wheat, improving structure of soil.
Evaluating Water Environmental Conditionality for Tourism of National Scenic - A Case of Chaohu Lake, China
Authors: Liu Bai Ping , Liu Qing Guang
Published: August 2013

The paper collected bulletin data and literature information for fuzzy evaluation and quantitative analysis. Fuzzy evaluation was to compare the physical-chemical properties of Chaohu lake in China with the water tourist standards. Physical-chemical properties included water depth, temperature, flow, transparency, PH and floating materials, etc. Water tourist standards included natural swimming, yacht, diving, surfing, water-skiing and fishing, etc. The result shows the water quality of Chaohu lake restricts the development of the water tourist entertainment. Quantitative analysis was to calculate the loss rate due to water pollution of Chaohu lake. The water tourist function included three aspects about swimming, tourism and living. Pollutants index had BOD5,TN,TP, As, Hg, Cd and Pb. The result shows the water pollution makes swimming loss, tourism serious damage, living middle damage, comprehensive function serious damage. Main reason is that total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) exceed the standard. Lake tourism should consider water tourist environmental conditionality and functional applicability.
Effect of Tail-Water of Water Source Heat Pumps on Lake Phytoplankton
Authors: Huang Xiang Yang , Zhang Le
Published: August 2013

Taking water heat pump project in Kaixian Peoples Hospital of Chongqing City as a research example, by long-term monitoring on the lake temperature, nitrogen, phosphorus, and population distribution of algae, the effect of tail-water on phytoplankton of lake was studied. The results show that the tail-water have some influences on the number and diversity of algae in summer when the lake water heat pump system works, and the total number of algae near the tail-water discharge point is lower than that in other regions, but the dominant algae in different sampling points are same at the same time. In winter, cold water discharge makes the total number of algae near the tail-water discharge point essentially higher than that in other regions. Moreover, cold discharge water can reduce the diversity index of the lake phytoplankton. In addition, tail-water has a seasonal influence on lake phytoplankton, and its cumulative environmental impact can be obtained through monitoring and comparative research by long-term.
Microbial Detection and Analysis of the Barreled Pure Water in the Campus
Authors: Gong Shao Yan
Published: August 2013

To detect the sanitary status of pure water at different times in the campus, including to detect the total bacterial count, the coliforms, mould and yeast, this document explained and demonstrated the sanitary status of the barreled pure water through water dispensers. By the experiment, the results showed that the drinking fountain caused the pure water pollution, so the unheated pure water flowing though the drinking fountain were not qualified. And the longer the pure water samples were cultured, the more the aerobic bacterial count of water samples significantly exceeded the standard. After these samples were cultured for five days, all samples had be uncountale.
Numerical Simulation Analysis of Dangerous Heavy Gas Leakage and Diffusion
Authors: Zhou Ning , Cui Wei , Wang Kai Quan , Zhao Hui Jun
Published: August 2013

Using Fluent to simulate dangerous heavy gas leakage and diffusion of oil tank farm under different conditions. The analysis results show that the diffusion processes of heavy gas can be divided into four stages like gravity settling stage, air entrainment stage, cloud heating stage and the stage of transformation to the non-heavy gas diffusion. While the gas leakage occurs in the middle position of the tank farm, the gas diffusion speed is slow and the gas concentration is easy to achieve the explosive limit. When the wind velocity is 0.95 m/s, the diffusion velocity of heavy gas increases with the wind velocity, gas concentrations rises obviously. When the wind velocity reaches to 1.7 m/s, the gas concentration will reach the peak, as the wind velocity increases, the gas concentration reduces slowly.
Spatial and Temporal Variation on Heavy Metals in the Sediments of Dapeng Bay and Neighboring Rivers
Authors: Chen Shih Chieh , Lai Wen Liang , Chung Chung Yi , Gau Hwa Sheng , Liao Shao Wei
Published: August 2013

The Typhoon Morakot raged through Taiwan bringing torrential rain for two days, which led to debris-flow in mountains and severe flooding in the coastal areas of southern Taiwan. In order to realize the impact of the Typhoon Morakot on heavy metals in the sediments this research discriminate the pollution brought from three neighboring rivers to the Dapeng Bay lagoon by using the R. A. Fisher Method. The results generally indicate that the samples from Dapeng Bay and the three neighboring rivers are displaying individual crowd-distribution phenomena, which means that the heavy metal content in the sediments of Dapeng Bay and the three neighboring rivers are not totally similar. Today, due to a massive variation in eco-habitat and a more frequently changing climate, the understanding of spatial-temporal variation of heavy metal pollution of sediments in Dapeng Bay and pollution sources from three neighboring rivers will provide useful information regarding disaster management, habitat recovery, operative management, as well as ecotourism specification.
Analysis of Environmental Impact Factors of Natural Draft Cooling Towers in Power Plant
Authors: Ding Feng , Bo Xin
Published: August 2013

Based on the requirements of Air Clean guidelines (VDI3784 and VDI3945) in German for cooling tower plume rise and dispersion model, a comparative analysis of atmospheric environmental impact of the cooling tower exhaust for different parameters. Parameters includes different source emission parameters and ambient humidity parameters. Then, analysis of the impact factors of plume rising height and the ground concentration according to the emission parameters. The results show that the most influential parameters are temperature and gas flow rate, relatively, the flue gas relative humidity and liquid water content has less influence in the rising height. Therefore, the increase of flue gas flow rate will significantly strengthen the dispersion of pollutants in the air. The flue gas humidity and liquid water have a certain influence on the dispersion of pollutants, but the effect is not so significant. The increase of flue gas humidity and liquid water content is not conducive to the dispersion of pollutants, therefore the surface concentration will only increase slightly.
Carbon Nanoparticle Spectrophotometric Determination of Glucose
Authors: Liang Ai Hui , Peng Jing , Li Yuan , Ye Ling Ling , Wen Gui Qing
Published: August 2013

In the presence of NaOH, glucose hydrolyze and polymerize to generate yellow carbon nanoparticles that had an absorption peak at 336 nm. Under the selected conditions, result showed the concentration of glucose have a good linear relationship between absorbance value and glucose concentration in the range of 0.0005-0.060 mol/L. This method has been used for the assay of glucose injection sample, with simplicity, rapidity, and accuracy.
Prediction of Landslide Displacement Based on Kernel Principal Component Analysis and Neural Network-Markov Chain
Authors: Zhao Yan Nan , Niu Rui Qing , Li Jiong , Peng Ling , Wang Yi
Published: August 2013

Taking Baishuihe landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area as an example, the features of landslide deformation influencing factors such as rainfall, reservoir water and groundwater were extracted using kernel principal component analysis method, which were used to build the BP neural network displacement prediction model and then to output the fitted values. Secondly, Markov chain (MC) was used to optimize the prediction error through analysis of the error range between fitted values and measured values, timing displacement state division and state transfer probability matrix calculation. Finally, the BP-MC model was constructed, using which dynamically displacement prediction was achieved. The fitted and predicted results show that this model can reflect the relationship between the inducing factors and landslide displacement and can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of landslide displacement.
Study on Real-Time Monitoring of Seawater COD by UV-Vis Spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Li Li , Liu Xian Hua , Shi Xiao Xuan , Lu Yi Ren , Qi Yun , Wang Mei Yu
Published: August 2013

Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is one of the most important parameters to assess pollution in seawater monitoring, which can be determined accurately by the combined use of UV-Vis spectroscopy and multivariate calibration. The calibration model of COD value was established by partial least squares (PLS). The COD of seawater determined by this method was very close to which determined by the standard method. Compared with the standards, this method has many different advantages, such as high-speed, sensitive, no preprocessing and no secondary pollution.
Integrated Analysis of Methane Emissions on in Rice Paddy Field of South Jiangsu Province
Authors: Zhong Lei , Zou Hui , Hao Xin
Published: August 2013

Field experimental results about methane (CH4) emissions of rice growing seasons were analyzed in south Jiangsu province from 2001 to 2010. In order to study the temporal and spatial variation characteristics, conducting a database of CH4 emissions of rice paddy field in the area. On the spatial distribution, Zhenjiang city had the highest CH4 emission flux in rice growing season of this area, up to 7.80g/(m2h). Amount of CH4 emissions per unit area in Changzhou city was slightly higher than other cities, up to 17.17g/m2. From 2001 to 2010, both the rice growing area and the CH4 emission of south Jiangsu province shown a declining trend during last decade. The rice growing area declined 170670 ha, a drop of 28.81%; total CH4 emissions decreased by 29.90×1010g, a drop of 30.72%. From 2001 to 2010, there was no significant difference of CH4 emissions per unit area between the cities, all CH4 emissions reduction was mainly due to a reduction of rice growing area.
Perfluoroalkylated-Pyridine Catalyzed the Mannich-Type Reaction: An Example on Elimination the Fluorous Solvent Requirement for Fluorous Catalysis
Authors: Yi Wen Bin , Cai Chun
Published: August 2013

The three-component Mannich-type reactions of different ketones with various aromatic aldehydes and aromatic amines proceeds efficiently in the presence of catalytic amount of perfluoroalkylated-pyridine in a fluorous biphasic system without fluorous solvent, which has prompted various concerns involving cost, solvent leaching, and environmental persistence. The reactions give various β-arylamino ketones in good to excellent yield. The catalyst can be recovered by simple cooling and precipitation and used again.
Based on HYDRUS-1D to Shifosi Reservoir Tri-Nitrogen Conversion Simulation Research in Hyporheic Zone
Authors: Pan Jun , Leng Te , Liu Yang
Published: August 2013

To study the hyporhic zone of Shifosi reservoir in the conversion process between the three main pollutants nitrogen, this paper applied HYDRUS-1D software to simulate 200cm of soil profile depth in 200 hours mutual transformation behaviors. Results show that interact in complex environment and microbial flora, under the action of the 105cm of ammonium nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen fully translated into nitrate-nitrogen, 200cm nitrate-nitrogen denitrification process almost completely converted into nitrogen gas.
Preparation and Characterization of Poly (vinylidene fluoride)/Graphene Oxide Composite Nanofiber for MF Application
Authors: Chen Wei Dong , Jung Hye Min , Jang Won Gi , Hong Byung Pyo , Byun Hong Sik
Published: August 2013

In this paper, poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanofiber was prepared by an electrospinning method. Graphene oxide sheets was obtained via filtration from graphene oxide aqueous solution which synthesized by Hummers method. By sonication, a homogeneously dispersed and well distributed poly acylic acid and graphene oxide nanosheets solution were obtained, and this can be used to modify the neat poly (vinylidene fluoride) nanofiber membrane for not only increasing the hydrophilic properties but also improving the mechanical properties. The poly(vinylidene fluoride)/graphene oxide composite membrane was characterized by SEM, FT-IR, pore properties and mechanical properties. The composite membrane showed an appropriate pore size, excellent mechanical property comparing with pure poly(vinylidene fluoride) membrane. The results showed the membrane could be feasibly used as a MF membrane.
Study on Treatment of Wastewater from Papermaking Using Fenton Oxidation
Authors: Li Gang , Yu Jun , Zhang Yan Hao , Gao Lei , He Bo
Published: August 2013

The performance of biochemical treatment effluent from paper making wastewater treated by Fenton process was evaluated. The experiment result shows that the importance of influencing factors for Fenton oxidation treatment was H2O2 concentrations > pH > FeSO4 concentrations > reaction time. With the optimal conditions of reaction, that is pH3 (initial pH5), FeSO4 3.6 mmol/L, H2O2 3.4 mmol/L, and reaction time 60 min, the removals of COD and color for papermaking wastewater reached over 85% and 90%, respectively. The result also showed that in the process of Fenton method in the treatment of papermaking wastewater, for removing COD, the function by oxidation account for 15.5%, and the function of flocculation accounted for 69.8%.
Experimental Study on Ultrasonic Dehydration of Oily Sludge
Authors: Li Fang , Chen Zhong Yan , Qi Zeng Lv , Cui Hong Mei
Published: August 2013

Experiments were operated for the purposes of dewatering oily sludge and reducing sludge volume with ultrasonic technology. The effect of clay dosage, temperature, ultrasonic time and emulsifier dosage were assessed respectively. The result shows that: when the temperature is 40°C, ultrasonic time is 20min; demulsifier dosage is 15ml and clay dosage is 15g, 500ml volume of oily sludge decreased to 40ml. Oil concentration is up to 158.45mg/l in 460ml separation fluid. This method may obtain the economical benefit and be feasible in technology. Treating oily sludge with ultrasonic technology is good at the subsequent processing of oil sludge.
Flocculation Process of PEO for Lignin Removal from Pre-Hydrolysis Liquor of Mixed Hardwood
Authors: Liu Gang , Shi Hai Qiang , Ping Qing Wei , Zhang Jian , Li Na , Niu Mei Hong
Published: August 2013

To isolate lignin of PHL, PEO with various molecular weights (MW) s were added to PHL under different process conditions, and the turbidity and size of complexes formed in the PHL, as well as the lignin, hemicelluloses (sugar) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of PHL were assessed after PEO treatments. Alternatively, poly aluminum chloride (PAC) (200 mg/l) and PEO (8 MDa MW) (200 mg/l) were employed in a dual polymer system to extract the lignin of PHL. In this work, the maximum removals of 46% lignin, 18.8% sugars, and 32% COD were obtained under the conditions of 400 mg/g PEO (with a MW of 8 MDa) at pH 2 and room temperature in a singular PEO polymer system.
Learning from Zhenjiang Water Pollution Accident
Authors: Fan Xing Hua , Shi Yan , Han Xue Bing
Published: August 2013

The accident that occurred in Zhenjiang in Feburary 2012 caused chaos in local society and international attention. It was caused by chemical leak from cargo ship but the weak communication between the government and the community played a vital role. This paper analyzes the accident scenario using the risk analysis framework, determines key factors influenced the occurrence of the basic events. By comparing study we conclude that the key factors affecting such water pollution accidents includes timely information release, perfect water supply system and strict legal system.Keywords: water pollution accident; environmental accident; risk analysis; government’s role; information release
Operation Optimization Analysis of Circulating Water Treatment in Thermal Power Plants
Authors: Yin Lian Qing , Ai Zhi Wei , Jiao Cui
Published: August 2013

According to reclaimed water in the sewage treatment plant is poor , quality of circulating water is difficult to control, which caused the water tower water quantity and large water treatment medicament consumption and so on,we made an analysis.
Removal of Strontium Ions from Aqueous Solution by Sunflower Straw
Authors: Ai Lian , Luo Xue Gang , Lin Xiao Yan , Zhang Si Zhao
Published: August 2013

The sorptive potential of sunflower straw (≤125 μm) for Sr2+ from aqueous solution was evaluated. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out as a function of solution pH, adsorbent dosage, Sr2+ concentration and contact time. FT-IR spectra and SEM of sunflower straw were employed to explore the functional groups available for the binding of Sr2+ and morphology of the adsorbent. Maximum uptake capacity of sunflower straw was 17.48 mg/g occurred at around pH 3-7. The adsorption equilibrium can be achieved within 5 min and kinetic data were fitted well to pseudo-second-order model. The Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied to describe isotherm sorption data. The Langmuir model gave an acceptable fit than Freundlich model.
Reoxygenation Rate for Airlift Inner Circulation Reactor
Authors: Pi Ke Wu , Xia Min , Shi Shi , Xiao Qu
Published: August 2013

Airlift inner circulation reactor (AICR) consisting of beaker and built-in aeration tank was introduced in this paper. The Dissolved oxygen recovery (RDO) was highly influenced by the ratios of the height of built-in aeration tank to the height of liquid level in reactor (Rh/H), the diameter of built-in aeration tank to the diameter of the reactor (Rd/D) and aeration rate (QN). Average RDO of 24.25 m.gm-3.s-s and DO concentration of 8.97mg.l-1 were obtained at Rd/D=0.47, Rh/H=0.68 and QN =1.0m3.m-3.min-1 for aerating 370s at 17°C. The total transferred oxygen in 4L deoxidized water reached 35.89mg, which had an increase by 11.15% than that of the traditional airlift reactor (AR). The DO concentration was 88.33-9.34mg.l-1 for AICR, but it’s only 7.71-8.58mg.l-1 for AR.
The Distribution Characteristics Analysis of Pollutant Atrazine in the Petrolic Drilling Fluids
Authors: Wang Yan Hua , Yang Sheng Ke , Gao Chan Juan , Zheng Miao Miao
Published: August 2013

In view of the present situation that a lot of waste drilling fluids pollute soil and water in the process of petroleum exploration and development, choosing the drilling fluids in 5 well fields which are in the North area of ChangQing oilfield to carry on the pollution characteristic analysis. 35 physicochemical indexs and contamination indexs had been determined in the drilling fluids, its result is: the waste drilling fluids are ropiness colloid, paste, viscosity high. The drilling fluids ingredient is clay, polyacrylamide (PAM), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). CODCr, mineral oils, NH4+, Cr, Cd, Pb, As, pH, chromaticity and so on exceed standard in the drilling fluids, Zn exceeds standard in some individual well fields, the other over-standard parameterssuperstandard multiple is not big except CODCr, mineral oils which exceed standard siriously. CODCr, mineral oils, NH4+ and so on are from formation petroleum and the additives such as polyacrylamide (PAM), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC).etc, high pH is related to calcined soda or caustic soda, Cr, Cd, Pb, As, Zn and so on are from the sidewall material which is cattied by the circulating mud, which are related to formation lithological composition.
The Research on Harmonic Pollution Management
Authors: Jia Xiu Fang , Huang Shen Mao , She Kai , Hua Hui Chun
Published: August 2013

In view of the present situation of harmonic management in our country at present, put forward the new ideas of current harmonic flexible management. First on the behavior of harmonic pollution analyzed by harmonic pollution, behavior is a kind of external diseconomy activities, and to this kind of behavior is discussed, the method of internal external diseconomy activities of power harmonic pollution emission behavior of collection of sewage charges corresponding. Secondly, the harmonic pollution emissions trading, and the transaction is the social cost analysis, obtained by using the harmonic pollution emissions trading can make the ratio of sewage costs simply implement uniform standards to be low, the social effect can be more optimization. Implementation of the harmonic pollution discharge fee and harmonic pollution emissions trading can make power users to achieve profit optimization and take the initiative to improve power quality.
Thermocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Using Negative Temperature Coefficient Resistor
Authors: Zhang Si Zhao , Luo Xue Gang , Lin Xiao Yan
Published: August 2013

Thermal degradation of organic pollutant was investigated in the presence of negative temperature coefficient resistor (NTC) under thermal treatments of 30°C, 35°C, 40°C and 45°C, respectively. Methylene blue (MB) was used as a model pollutant in this study. The degradation efficiency of MB in aqueous solutions were monitored by UV-vis spectrometry. Catalysts were allowed to adsorb MB to reach adsorption equilibrium before the degradation experiments were started. The results of degradation tests indicated that the best thermocatalytic ability was up to 41.68% in the concentration of 40 mg/L at 35°C within 30 h. Herein the feasibility of thermocatalytic elimination for organic contaminants with heat excitation was successfully demonstrated and the effectiveness of thermal catalyst adopted was also confirmed.
The Study of Modified KGM Film Application at Radioactive Isotopes Adsorption on Glass Surface
Authors: Chen Shuai , Lin Xiao Yan , Luo Xue Gang
Published: August 2013

Radioactive isotopes (such as Th4+ Sr2+) on the surface of material such as Stainless steel can be absorbed by modified KGM film and assisting by mixed liquor consist of surfactant and complexing agent, tripolyphosphate and water. The adsorption behaviors for the radioactive isotopes such as Th4+ and Sr2+ were studied and the effects of various parameters including concentration of Th4+ and Sr2+, temperature and the time of film formation were evaluated. Detection of FTIR show that ester group of modified KGM is pivotal to the absorption of pollution source . The results also reveal that the average removal rate of modified KGM film to Th4+ and Sr2+ is 95.6% and 93.8%. And the best dose of film formation solution is Solute (NKGM acetic ester) : solvent (glacial acetic acid) is 10%. The most suited temperature and time separately is 30°Cand 3hours.
A Discussion on the Influence Mechanism of Iron to Algal Blooms in Natural Raw Water
Authors: Deng Jie , Kou Guang Xiao , Wu Jia Quan
Published: August 2013

Through designing orthogonal tests, the influence mechanism of iron to the growth of fresh water algae was studied. The results indicated that the initial Fe concentration of 0.3mg/L or above can lead to high algae relative growth rate while the initial Fe concentration under 0.3mg/L can only generate low algae relative growth rate. The consumption of iron in Group LNLP under low initial Fe concentration and Group HNHP under high initial Fe concentration was in synchronism with the consumption of nitrogen and phosphorus. However, in Group HNHP under low initial Fe concentration and Group LNLP under high initial Fe concentration the concentration of iron decreased with the increase of algal biomass before reaching the peak value of algal biomass and it increased after reaching the peak value in contrary. Among all those 25 groups the order of the peak value of algal biomass from big to small is as follows:All-rich Group>Nitrogen-lacked Group>Phosphorus-lacked Group>Iron-lacked Group>All-lacked Group. The lack of Fe content will restrain the growth of algae. In certain concentration rage algal biomass increased with the increasing of Fe content while Fe content will restrain the growth of algae in contrary if beyond the concentration rage.
Absorption and Accumulation of Cadmium in Different Chinese Cabbage Cultivars
Authors: Liu Shuai , Liu Ming Da , Wang Xu , Shi Yi , Chen Xin
Published: August 2013

Cd accumulation characteristic of 8 Chinese cabbage cultivars was evaluated to screen Chinese cabbage cultivars with low-level Cd accumulation. The results showed that significant differences (P<0.05) in Cd content, bioaccumulation factors (BFs) and translocation factors (TFs) were found among the 8 cultivars Chinese Cabbages. The levels of Cd accumulation by Beijingxin3 and Dongbao were less than 0.5 mg · kg-1, and their BFs and TFs were lower than 1. This indicated that these two cultivars had the low-level Cd accumulation potential and could be recommended for cultivation in areas mildly polluted with Cd. Although the level of Cd accumulation by Qiumei also was less than 0.5 mg · kg-1, the TF was higher than 1. So, the Qiumei cultivar could be planted in the renovation process of contaminated soils.
Adsorption of Th4+ on Waste Beer Yeast
Authors: Wang Jing , Chen Yan , Yang Bo , Feng Juan , Lin Xiao Yan
Published: August 2013

Waste beer yeast was utilized as adsorbent to remove Th4+ from simulated radioactive wastewater. Effects of various parameters including pH value, temperature, absorbent dosage, and absorption time on adsorption of Th4+ by waste beer yeast were studied. Beer yeast before and after adsorption was characterized by IR and SEM. The results show that the removal efficiency could be reached 95% at the optimized conditions. The adsorption kinetics was described well by the pseudo second-order equation.
Bioremediation - A Method to Solve Problems of Petroleum Pollution
Authors: Dong Jin Tao , Sun Yi De , Dong Jin Yu
Published: August 2013

Processing crude oil to provide useful products generates a variety of problems. The petroleum pollution and oil spill and so on. Environmental experts are trying to use the exceptional trophic diversity of bacteria to solve problems of petroleum pollution. John Pirt of Kings College London discovered bacteria living in horse manure that can break down sewage at temperatures of 80C. He used these bacteria to develop a system for sewage disposal that alternatives these high-temperature bacteria that with bacteria that grow at 37C. Pirts system nearly eliminates the organic material in sewage sludge, leaving water and some mineral waste. The mineral waste contains heavy metal contaminants that can be isolated and either disposed of or recycled.
Degradation of Long-Chain n-Alkanes by Acinetobacter Sp.
Authors: Liu Yin Song , Han Hong Jun , Fang Fang
Published: August 2013

Alkanes are widespread in nature and cause seriously pollution of environment. In many of oil pollution treatment method, because of economic, effective and less damaging to the environment and many other advantages, bioremediation technology is thought to have broad application prospects. In this study, we isolated an efficient alkane-degrading strain from some coal gasification wastewater sludge. It was identified the strain L2-4 as Acinetobacter sp.(KC211013) through morphology and 16SrDNA sequence analysis. The maximum degradation rate was aquired to 58.7% under the condition of original alkanes concentration 700mg/L, pH 7.0 and temperature 35°C. The study was designed to provide good strain resources for oil pollution remediation and microbial en hanced oil recovery.
Kinetic Study of Arsenic(V) Absorption with Al2O3 Functionalized SBA-15
Authors: He Su Yun , Han Cai Yun , He Su Fang , Wang Hua , Liu Chun Xia , Shan Yun , Luo Yong Ming
Published: August 2013

This research presented the kinetic performance of arsenic absorption by mesostructure SBA-15 functionalized with Al2O3. The SBA-15 was previously synthesised and subsequently functionalized via impregnation of alumina oxides. The absorption of arsenic(V) was studied as a function of absorbent dosage and contact time. The experimental data were fitted to kinetic pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and the intra-particle diffusion model. The pseudo-second order model presented the best correlation with the experimental data. Both surface absorption and intra-particle diffusion were acting during arsenic uptake, except for absorbent dosage of 0.1g, which was mainly controlled by the intra-particle diffusion.