bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Efektivitas Implementasi Program Paket A di PKBM Insan Madani: Evaluasi Perencanaan, Pelaksanaan, dan Keterkaitan Pembelajaran
Authors: Ahmad Rifai  , Alvin Muntako Jaelani  , Zafirah Suci Ramadhani
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi sebagai pengukuran dan penilaian sejauh manaPKBM Insan Madani berhasil melaksanakan pembelajaran program paket A. Tujuan daripenelitian ini yaitu mensupervisi dengan melakukan monitoring dan evaluasi programpaket A PKBM Insan Madani dari segi perencanaan, pelaksanaan ketercapaianpembelajaran, administrasi dan mencari kekurangan serta memberikan rekomendasi dansaran untuk menjadi jalan keluar penyelesaian hal tersebut dan menjadikan PKBM InsanMadani Jauh lebih baik. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian kualitatifyang di desain deskriptif sehingga dapat menggambarkan situasi sebenarnya di lapangan.Pembelajaran di program paket A sudah terbilang cukup baik mulai dari perencanaansampai dengan ketercapaian. Masih terdapat kekurangan dari segi prasarana kelas yangkurang serta best practices yang kurang di perhatikan. Sehingga timbul saran danrekomendasi untuk menyelesaikan hal tersebut.
Evaluasi Tindak Lanjut Program Pelatihan Web Programing di CV. Radar Teknologi Komputer
Authors: Ansori Zakky , Sudrajat Indra
Published: July 2023

Evaluasi adalah sebuah metode yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan, menganalisis serta menyajikan hasil data yang didapatkan dalam pelaksanaan program, data-data yang diperoleh dapat menjadi sebuah masukan dalam melakukan perbaikan. Tindak lanjut merupakan sebuah upaya yang dilakukan dalam memaksimalkan sebuah pelayanan yang diberikan sehingga dapat menentukan kecukupan, efektfan serta ketepatan waktu dari pelaksanaan program yang sudah diberikan sebelumnya. Penulisan artikel ini memiliki tujuan yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan evaluasi tindak lanjut di CV.Radar Teknologi Komputer dengan wawancara dan observasi langsung kepada pemiliki perusahaan. Dalam penulisan artikel ini penulis memilih metode kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data wawancara, observasi serta diperkuat dengan kajian literatur. Hasil yang ditemukan pada lapangan adalah penggunaan metode matrikulasi dalam mengevaluasi tindak lanjut peserta pelatihan web programing. Namun penggunaan metode matrikulasi kurang efektif dalam membantu peserta mengetahui sejauh mana perkembangan mereka.
Bahasa Gaul Di Media Sosial Dan Ancaman Terhadap Kebudayaan Bahasa Indonesia Pada Remaja
Authors: Nuraini Nuraini  , Loudwig Agustinus Purba  , Sherly Anggreni Hasari Br Ginting  , Fitriani Lubis
Published: July 2023

The use of slang on social media has become common among Indonesian teenagers. However, the use of this slang raises concerns about the existence of the Indonesian language as a national cultural property. This article discusses how slang on social media can be a threat to Indonesian language culture in adolescents. In this article, the authors update that the continuous and increasingly widespread use of slang can reduce the quality of Indonesian used by teenagers. In addition, the use of slang can also change the mindset and attitude of teenagers towards Indonesian as the official language of the state. This article also discusses how teenagers can strengthen the existence of the Indonesian language by avoiding the use of slang on social media, enriching their knowledge of the Indonesian language, and increasing awareness of the importance of the Indonesian language as a national cultural treasure. Thus, this article can provide insight and better understanding of the influence of slang in social media on Indonesian language culture in adolescents.
Peran Guru PAI dalam Mengatasi Degradasi Moral Siswa di SMA Takhassus Al-Qur’an Kalibeber Wonosobo
Authors: Eka Fitria Ningsih  , Maryono Maryono  , Salis Irvan Fuadi
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the role of PAI teachers in overcoming the moral degradation of students at SMA Takhassus Al-Qur'an Kalibeber Wonosobo. Moral degradation is a phenomenon of moral decline in the character of a person or group. This study uses qualitative research methods with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. Respondents in this study were PAI teachers, school principals and students at SMA Takhassus Al-Qur'an Kalibeber Wonosobo. Data analysis techniques were carried out using the Milews and Huberman interactive model, which included data collection, data reduction, data presentation, as well as conclusions and verification. The results showed that: The role of PAI teachers in overcoming student moral degradation is going well. Supporting factors for PAI teachers in overcoming student moral degradation are: co-workers who are compact, adequate facilities and infrastructure, while the inhibiting factors are: co-workers are not compact, lack of guidance and religious education in the family, lack of self-awareness in students. The role of the PAI teacher in overcoming the moral degradation of students is classified as being effective, for example changing the attitude of students who over time have begun to comply with existing rules at school and actively participate in religious activities, although not all of them.
Characterization of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells from tissue harvested with the guided SEFFI technique and co-cultured with calcium hydroxyapatite
Authors: Melfa Fabrizio , Gennai A. , Carfagna G. , Bovani B. , Piccolo D. , Colli M. , Baldessin M. , Siragusa D.
Published: July 2023

Increased interest in regenerative medicine in the last few years was registered. In parallel, a progressive increase in injectable calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) applications has been observed due to its applications in skin rejuvenation. This study combined micro fragmented fatty tissue (FAT) grafting with the CAHA filler procedure to observe the biological effect on FAT. Each sample of micro fragmented adipose tissue harvested using the guided  Superficial Enhanced Fluid Fat Injection (guided SEFFI) technique were collected from 5 patients. The 5 samples were divided into aliquots to create two different experimental conditions: FAT and FAT combined with CaHA (FAT + R). Afterwards, the cellularity of mesenchymal phenotype and the in vitro differentiation capacity in mesenchymal lineages were assessed in both experimental conditions, FAT and FAT+R. Despite low cellularity observed for FAT+R compared to FAT, isolated cells could grow and expand in culture in both experimental conditions, thus proving their proliferative ability. Cells were proved to differentiate towards mesenchymal lineages, expressing mesenchymal markers by flow cytometry analysis. Combining emulsified harvested tissue prepared with guided SEFFI technique with CaHA products can be exploited to counteract the loss of volume and skin ageing of the human face and body. This approach to regenerative aesthetic treatment is a promising treatment for facial antiaging therapy.
PENGARUH MODEL PICTURE AND PICTURE TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS EKSPLANASI PADA SISWA KELAS VIII SMPN 30 TEBO
Authors: Helen Aprimadedi , Nur Khasanah Isnaeni
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji reaksi siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 30 Tebo terhadap model pembelajaran picture and picture dalam upaya meningkatkan keterampilan menulis teks eksplanasi. Quasi experimental design yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan kelompok kontrol non-equivalent. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 30 Tebo. Enam puluh siswa diambil secara acak dari dua bagian VIII yang berbeda: kelas VIII B (kelompok eksperimen) dan VIII C (kelompok kontrol). Kelompok kontrol mendapatkan pembelajaran dengan model ceramah sedangkan kelas eksperimen diajar dengan model picture and picture. Alat pengumpulan data terdiri dari empat soal esai. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji-t untuk sampel independen. Kedua kelompok memiliki rata-rata yang sama pada pretest, dengan rata-rata kelompok tes 55,13 dan kelompok kontrol rata-rata 60. Kelas A menerima rata-rata posttest 75,3% sedangkan Kelas B rata-rata 72,7%. Pada taraf signifikansi 5%, uji-t pada sampel independen menunjukkan bahwa signifikansi yang diperoleh adalah 0,01< 0,05, sehingga Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Penelitian ini berfokus pada siswa kelas delapan SMP Negeri 30 di Kabupaten Tebo, Indonesia, dan artinya model picture and picture dapat berpengaruh terhadap keterampilan menulis teks eksplanasi di kelas VIII SMP Negeri 30 Kabupaten Tebo.
Dosificación del hormigón de 180 kg/cm2 y su incidencia en la corrección de humedad
Authors: Salinas Villegas Edisson Xavier , Vélez Niacato Adriana Marina , Espín Lagos Segundo Manuel
Published: July 2023

Este artículo presenta los resultados de siete semanas de pruebas experimentales en las que se determinó el desempeño del concreto fresco y endurecido variando la cantidad de concreto y los métodos de curado para evaluar su calidad y evitar inconvenientes al momento de la construcción. Los resultados demostraron que la cantidad de agua potable pura y la corrección del contenido de humedad del agregado alcanzaron la resistencia del concreto requerida de 180 kg/cm2, y el método de curado con membrana plástica tuvo resultados similares al curado bajo el agua, sin embargo, la utilidad de cualquiera de ellos dependerá de las condiciones de funcionamiento de su aplicación.
Dietary Effects of Iron and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Growth, Muscle Composition and Hematological Aspects of Labeo Rohita
Authors: FARKHANDA ASAD  , SAMINA QAMER  , ZUNAIRA SHAHEEN  , RAFIA JAMAL  , SHEHAR BANO  , AIMAN NADEEM  , NAVAIRA BATOOL  , NOSHABA ANWAR
Published: July 2023

Two hundred Labeo rohita fingerlings of uniform size (2-3g), irrespective of sex, were used to investigate the effects of dietary Fe and Fe2O3-NPs on growth, muscle composition and hematological aspects of fish. Fish maintained on 32% crude protein, conventional basal feed was supplemented with Fe & Fe2O3 nanoparticles (each at 0.6 & 0.8 mg/kg supplementation levels) to replicate groups of fish for 90 days. Morphometric characteristics i.e. wet body weight (g) and body length (cm) was recorded fortnightly. It was found that the weight gain, body length, SGR and PER were significantly improved in the fish fed on nano iron oxide supplemented diet (T2). Protein and lipid nutrients retention in the body meat was improved in group of fish fed with nano iron supplemented diet (T3). A significant increase in hemoglobin (Hb) content, red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell count (WBC) and hematocrit (Ht) value was noticed throughout the study period when compared to control group. From the results, it was concluded that Fe-NPs@0.6mg/Kg level is more suitable for Labeo rohita with great growth potential and improved muscle composition and hematology as compared to other levels of Fe and Fe2O3 NPs.
Efficacy of Different Neonicotinoids and Bio Pesticides on Okra Against Bemisia Tabaci
Authors: AZAZ AHMAD  , MIZBAH ULLAH  , YASIR ALI  , MOHAMMAD AKIF  , ZEESHAN WALI  , HAMZA JAMIL  , WASEEM HAYAT  , QAISAR HAMAD  , RAHEEMULLAH  , FARMAN ULLAH  , SAEEDA  , MUHAMMAD HARIS SAFI
Published: July 2023

The current study was investigated at the Agricultural Research Institute Tarnab, Peshawar during 2020 in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The study aimed was determining the efficacy of different neonicotinoids insecticides and bio- pesticides against Bemisia tabaci on okra crop. Results revealed that significantly maximum number of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) population reduction was recorded in imidacloprid (7.55plant-1) treated plot followed by acetamiprid (8.88plant-1) and bio-pesticides (11.99 plant-1) while minimum population reduction was recorded in clothianidin (14.66 plant-1) treated plot over checked plot after 1st application while similar observation was recorded after the 2nd application. In terms of CB ratio, highest CB ratio was recorded by imidacloprid treated plot followed by bio pesticide, acetamiprid and clothianidin while lowest CB ratio was recorded by acetamiprid. Similarly, the research work concluded that overall best performed by imidacloprid after 1st and 2nd application while minimum control was observed by clothianidin treated plot over the control treatment.
Inklusive Freizeit in der Kinder- und Jugendarbeit
Authors: Heister Noemi , Köb Stefanie , Zentel Peter
Published: July 2023

In diesem Artikel werden die Ergebnisse einer Studie zur Freizeitgestaltung von Jugendlichen mit geistigen Behinderungen vorgestellt. In Interviews wurden Fachkräfte der Behindertenhilfe, der Kinder- und Jugendarbeit sowie Jugendliche mit geistigen Behinderungen befragt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Teilhabe von Jugendlichen mit geistigen Behinderungen eingeschränkt ist. Die Angebote der Behindertenhilfe sind meist nicht inklusiv und eher fürsorglich geprägt. Ein Ansatz, um Freizeitangebote inklusiver zu gestalten, liegt in der regionalen Vernetzung der Behindertenhilfe mit der Kinder- und Jugendarbeit. Dadurch können Expertise, Angebote und Ressourcen gegenseitig sicht- und nutzbar gemacht werden.
Zugang zu Kultur mittels inklusiver Netzwerke
Authors: Schönhofer Andrea
Published: July 2023

Ein zentrales Anliegen der Fachstelle «Kultur inklusiv» von Pro Infirmis ist es, Menschen mit Behinderungen einen Zugang zu Kulturangeboten zu ermöglichen. Hierfür hat die Fachstelle den Aufbau von Netzwerken in mehreren Schweizer Regionen angestossen. Diese autonomen regionalen Netzwerke bestehen aus Kulturexpert:innen, die sich in ihrer Region für eine inklusive Gestaltung von Kulturangeboten einsetzen. Im folgenden Beitrag wird, im Anschluss an eine kurze theoretische Einordnung des Themas, das laufende inklusive Praxisprojekt beschrieben.
Erwachsenenbildungskurse zugänglich machen
Authors: Heinzmann Anita
Published: July 2023

Im Oberwallis gibt es seit 2021 inklusive «Leichter-Lernen-Kurse». Der Verein «Erwachsenenbildung Oberwallis Plus (ERWOplus)» unterstützt Bildungsanbieter:innen und Institutionen, solche Angebote aufzugleisen und für alle zugänglich zu machen. Dabei werden bestehende Ressourcen des Sozialraums genutzt – beispielsweise der Fahrdienst des Roten Kreuzes oder Freiwillige von Nachbarschaftshilfen. Ein starkes Netzwerk von Kooperations­partner:innen ist ein wichtiger Erfolgsfaktor für diesen inklusiven Weg. Was als Pilotprojekt begann, ist nun ein festes Angebot.
O Perfil dos alunos do Curso de Ciências Sociais da PUC Minas no contexto de expansão do Ensino Superior no Brasil na primeira década dos anos 2000
Authors: Almeida Neto Manoel de
Published: July 2023

Criado em 2003, o curso de Ciências Sociais da PUC Minas veio atender a uma antiga demanda dos professores do Departamento de Ciências Sociais da universidade. Além disso, no início dos anos 2000 houve um aumento da procura pela carreira de cientista social no Brasil e, em especial, em Belo Horizonte. Naquele contexto de expansão do ensino superior, sobretudo privado, observado após a sanção da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação (1996), o perfil socioeconômico dos alunos e alunas de Ciências Sociais da PUC Minas refletia as características de grande parte do contingente de estudantes que passou a ingressar nas faculdades e universidades brasileiras. Neste artigo nos propusemos a descrever o perfil dos estudantes que frequentaram o curso entre os anos de 2003 e 2009 e, a partir disso, analisar alguns dos novos desafios apresentados ao governo, às instituições de ensino, gestores e professores em razão do aumento do acesso de estudantes das classes populares ao ensino superior no país.
Zum vermeintlichen Verschwinden des Reparierens in Luxemburg, 1956–1987
Authors: Krebs Stefan
Published: July 2023

Die Geschichte des Reparierens wird meist als Niedergangsgeschichte erzählt: Das sich wandelnde Verhältnis zwischen Anschaffungs- und Reparaturkosten von Konsumgütern hätte dazu geführt, dass immer weniger repariert wurde und private Konsumenten stattdessen direkt neue Geräte angeschafft hätten. Als Wendepunkt hin zur sogenannten Wegwerfgesellschaft werden für Westeuropa die 1970er und 1980er Jahre genannt. Am Beispiel Luxemburgs soll der Wan- del des Reparaturfeldes für diesen Zeitraum näher untersucht werden. Dazu werden statistische Erhebungen zur Entwicklung von Reparaturgeschäften und zu den Ausgaben Luxemburger Haushalte untersucht. Dabei zeigt sich, dass in den 1970er und 1980er Jahren die Zahl der Reparaturgeschäfte leicht zurückging, die Anzahl professioneller Reparateure aber nur stagnierte bzw. sogar leicht anwuchs. Auch die Haushaltsausgaben weisen darauf hin, dass in den 1980er Jahren mehr Geld für die Reparatur von Konsumgütern ausgegeben wurde als in den Jahrzehnten davor. Gleichzeitig zeigen die Haushaltsausgaben eine Umschichtung der Reparaturausgaben von der Reparatur von Kleidung und Schuhen hin zu Kommunikations- und vor allem Transportgeräten. Das heißt, es gab eine Art Reparaturparadox: Entgegen des Niedergangsnarrativs wurde Ende der 1980er Jahre mehr für Reparaturen ausgegeben als zuvor, aber diese Ausgaben konzentrierten sich auf einige wenige teure und langlebige Konsumgüter.
Mindestpersonalvorgaben in der Psychiatrie: Erste Ergebnisse zur Personalausstattung veröffentlicht
Authors: Watermann Ute , Stich Anne Kathrin , Neubert Olaf , Raqué Johanna
Published: July 2023

Seit Januar 2020 müssen die stationären Einrichtungen der Erwachsenenpsychiatrie und Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie die neuen Mindestpersonalvorgaben des G-BA zur Personalausstattung in Psychiatrie und Psychosomatik erfüllen und es belegen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen: Mehr als die Hälfte der Einrichtungen erfüllt die Mindestpersonalvorgaben noch nicht. Besonders häufig wurde in den Berufsgruppen der Pflegefachkräfte und der Spezialtherapeutinnen und Spezialtherapeuten die Mindestvorgabe nicht eingehalten – obwohl die Richtlinie Anrechnungsmöglichkeit erlaubt. Der Beitrag beschreibt die Erhebung und Auswertung der Daten, stellt wesentliche Ergebnisse am Beispiel der Datenerhebung des 2. Quartals 2022 dar und erörtert die Probleme.
Zeit zu teilen? Ein Beitrag zur Finanzierung der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung
Authors: Rüddel Erwin Josef , Woskowski Silvia
Published: July 2023

Gesundheitsdaten könnten dazu beitragen die Finanzierung der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung zu stabilisieren. Warum nicht eine ergänzende Lösung suchen, die neben Steuern, Bundeszuschüssen und Beitragssätzen „out of the box“ gedacht auch diejenigen strukturell in die Finanzierung einbezieht, die ein nachweisbares berechtigtes gesellschaftliches Interesse an ihrer wirtschaftlichen Nutzung haben? Dabei geht es um Translation zur Verbesserung der Versorgung und zur Hebung finanzieller Reserven.
The Electromagnetic Inter-Nucleon Quark-to-Quark Bond and its Effect on the Nuclear Force
Authors: Lynn Bowen Nancy
Published: July 2023

This chapter discusses the electromagnetic forces inside a nucleus. Previous nuclear theories have ignored the electromagnetic force or treated it as a minor component, considering only Coulomb forces between protons. Since quarks are the centers for both the electric charge and the magnetic dipole moments within a nucleon, such assumptions are not valid. Since the electromagnetic interaction between inter-nucleon quarks may be formidable, electromagnetism can, indeed, be the force holding the nucleons together in a nucleus. Thus, the electromagnetic forces within a nucleus should not be ignored, but rather given the foremost of consideration—specifically with regard to nuclear behavior. New understandings are gained by applying the laws of electromagnetism to the nuclear structure inside an atomic nucleus. In this chapter, historic misunderstandings are debunked and clarified—including the supposed limitations of the electromagnetic force, the miscalculated violations of uncertainty principles, and the misconceived lowest-energy shape of the nuclides.
Perspective Chapter: Electrophiles and Lewis Acids
Authors: Kuzu Eylem , Genç Hasan
Published: July 2023

Electrophiles are electron deficient species. They are either positively charged or neutral species.A Nucleophile Is A Reactant That Provides A Pair Of Electrons To Form A New Covalent Bond
An Electrophile Is A Reactant That Accepts A Pair Of Electrons To Form A New Covalent Bond
Nucleophilicity” And “Electrophilicity” Refer To The Extent To Which A Species Can Donate Or Accept A Pair Of Electrons
The Vast Majority Of Reactions You Will See Are Reactions Between A Nucleophile And An Electrophile

Lewis acid: Compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound.Lewis asiti Lewis bazıyla Lewis eklenme ürününü oluşturmak için etkileşen kimyasal türdür. Lewis bazı, Lewis eklenme ürününü oluşturmak için, Lewis asidine elektron çifti veren türdür. Örneğin, OH⁻ ve NH₃ Lewis bazlarıdır çünkü bu iyonlar bağ yapmamamış elektron çiftlerini verebilirler
Rediscovery of Routh Polynomials after Hundred Years in Obscurity
Authors: Natanson Gregory
Published: July 2023

The introductory part of the paper outlines misfortunate history of one of Routh’ most remarkable works. It points to an important distinction between infinitely many Routh polynomials forming a differential polynomial system (DPS) and their finite orthogonal subset referred to as ‘Romanovski-Routh’ (R-Routh) polynomials (Romanovski/pseudo-Jacobi polynomials in Lesky's classification scheme). It was shown that there are two infinite sequences of Routh polynomials without real roots (in contrast with R-Routh polynomials with all the roots located on the real axis). The factorization functions (FFs) formed by polynomials from these infinite sequences can be thus used to generate exactly solvable rational Darboux transforms of the canonical Sturm-Liouville equation (CSLE) quantized in terms of R-Routh polynomials with degree-dependent indexes. The current analysis is focused solely on the CSLE with the density function having two simple zeros on the opposite sides of the imaginary axis. A special attention is given to the limiting case of the density function with the simple poles at +i and -i when the given CSLE becomes translationally form-invariant and as a result the eigenfunctions of its rational Darboux transforms are expressible in term of a finite number of exceptional orthogonal polynomials (EOPs).
Generalized quantum polynomials
Authors: Silindir Burcu , Yantir Ahmet
Published: July 2023

On a general time scale, polynomials, Taylor's formula and related subjects are described in terms of implicit and inefficient recursive relations. In this work, our primary goal is to construct proper polynomials, namely delta and nabla generalized quantum polynomials, on (q,h)-time scales explicitly. We show that generalized quantum polynomials play the same roles on (q,h)-time scales as ordinary polynomials play in $\mathbb{R}$ since they obey the additive properties and Leibnitz rules. Such polynomials which recover falling/rising and q-falling/q-rising factorials are constructed by the frame of forward and backward shifts. Additionally, we present delta- and nabla-Gauss' binomial formulas which provide many applications.
Landscaping Promoting Sustainable Comfort in Cities
Authors: Da Conceição Moreira Fernanda , Duarte Eglerson
Published: July 2023

The landscaping in cities provides, continuously, people with high visual, emotional and physical performance with access to different plant morphological architectures, leaves, trunks, flowers, fruits and seed colors. The shadows caused by the leaves of the trees allows a comfortable atmosphere with the temperature reduction, air humidity increase and environment aromatization of gardens, parks and streets by the volatile organic compound emission by leaves, stems and flowers. The combinations of these environmental factors improve the plant, animal and Homo sapiens development. The plant architectural distribution in high-slope areas minimizes problems such as flood sand landslides in urban centers, being an economically viable and sustainable alternative for heritage preservation, the physical structure soil and optimization of water flow. The landscaping of cities is the perfect setting for meeting people, recording videos and photos for personal archives, social media, developing personal and business marketing projects and network.
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Somayana Gde , Agus Wira Nugraha Komang
Published: July 2023

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients can accelerate the decline of kidney function, increase the risk of kidney failure, and increase mortality in CKD patients on hemodialysis (HD). Chronic HCV infection is also a risk factor for mortality in kidney transplant patients. Effective detection, evaluation, and treatment for HCV infection can improve kidney and cardiovascular outcomes. In the subsequent 10 years, direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have become available. DAAs enabled a greater rate of HCV eradication in CKD populations. Patients with stage 1-3b CKD (G1-G3b) can be treated with any licensed DAA regimens. The recommended DAA treatment regimens for CKD stage 4–5, including those undergoing HD (G4-G5D), are the sofosbuvir-free combination therapies (grazoprevir/elbasvir and glecaprevir/pibrentasvir). While sofosbuvir-based regimens are much more accessible, data showed that some countries have limited access (due to drug availability and high cost) to sofosbuvir-free regimens. Because of this phenomenon, some countries have had difficulty providing sofosbuvir-free treatment to CKD G4-G5D patients. As an alternative to those conditions, some clinicians have approved the usage of sofosbuvir-based regimens in CKD G4-G5D, but this decision is still debatable. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2018 did not approve sofosbuvir-based regimens for CKD G4-G5D. On the contrary, other studies and guidelines have approved sofosbuvir-based regimens for CKD G4-G5D patients.
Modified robust adaptive process control with improved transient performance and its application to atmospheric plasma spray process
Authors: Guduri Balachandar
Published: July 2023

This chapter presents the σ-modification and the low-frequency learning to the model reference adaptive control (MRAC) to improve the transient performance of a closed-loop control system under uncertainties and external disturbances. The σ-modification improved the robustness to external bounded disturbances, and the low-frequency learning enabled fast adaption without creating high-frequency oscillations. The feasibility of the resulting robust adaptive control architecture is tested for the atmospheric plasma spray process (APSP) to achieve consistency in ceramic coatings through numerical simulations. The robustness and adaptability of the modified and the standard MRAC architecture are investigated under artificially induced disturbances. The proposed architecture shows better performance than the standard MRAC under external disturbances. The results depict the improved transient performance with faster convergence and smooth variations in closed-loop control signals without creating high-frequency oscillations or steady-state errors.
Leveraging Disease-Based Community Data to Provide Insights into Current Atopic Dermatitis Treatments
Authors: J. Kleczyk Ewa , Mallory Crawford Julie , Dalfonso Laura
Published: July 2023

This chapter discusses the current landscape of Atopic Dermatitis treatment pathways and management of disease progression. Data leveraged for these types of analyses can come from disease-based communities, otherwise known as patient registries. Disease-based communities can work with participating healthcare institutions and enroll qualified patients to aid understanding of the population and sub-cohorts’ characteristics, as well as therapy protocols and regimens, time to and on therapy, discontinuation trends and reasons, and healthcare outcomes. Since the data collection includes Electronic Healthcare Records (EHRs) with the ability to append patient reported outcome questionnaires, as well as any other data sources relevant to the condition being studied, the resulting datasets provide in-depth insights on the patient population and their treatment pathways. Treating physicians are the Principal Investigators, managing and monitoring the patients’ progression and treatment. The reader is able, as a result, to learn the current preferred treatment pathways in treating Atopic Dermatitis, management of disease progression, as well as understand the underlying patient characteristics and historical medical information that drive the selection of therapies.
Obtaining the Main Curvatures of Orientable Hypersurfaces, Based on Differential Geometry
Authors: Ferreira Emmanoel
Published: July 2023

Most of the literature on differential geometry presents the coefficients of the 1st and 2nd fundamental form to simplify the calculation of the curvatures on a surface and also to obtain other important information, such as the area of a surface. In this text, as the interest lies on the generalization of the idea of surface (hypersurface), such simplification by the use of these coefficients was not possible, in view of the complexity of the mathematical operations involved in the calculation of curvatures (if n = number of variables in the implicit function of the surface> 3), opting to use the linear operator –DNp. To facilitate the calculation of the normal vector the surface was described as the graph of a differentiable function f: Rn-1→R. The example of the sphere thoroughly illustrates the procedure of calculating the main curvatures of a surface in the space R3, and such procedure is extensive to the space Rn. Some examples from the engineering area in which the variables of the implicit functions of the hypersurfaces are random were solved, and the results of the main curvatures, calculated by the proposed procedure, were exact and coincident with those provided in the literature.
Current Status of Molecular Genetics Research of Goat Breeding
Authors: Ceyhan Ayhan , Ul Hassan Mubeen
Published: July 2023

The goat is an important part of livestock farming due to their meat, milk, wool, and other products. The understanding of the goat genome has opened drastic opportunities for productivity improvement. Many important genomic technologies have been developed, including microsatellites, single nucleotide polymorphism, and whole genome sequencing, and these techniques are being used to identify important genomic regions in the goat genome. Identification of important genes related to meat, milk, and wool can help design breeding programs for increasing the productivity of goat farming. Recent advances in genome engineering tools like zinc finger nuclease, TALENS, and CRISPR/Cas9 have also made it easier to engineer farm animal genomes. Medically and commercially important genes are being engineered in farm animals for medicinal and commercial purposes. This chapter will focus on some of these technologies being applied in goat breeding to increase animal health and the commercial economy.
Implementing MCDA to determine eligibility for pardon
Authors: Talmor Irit
Published: July 2023

Countries celebrating festive national events sometimes declare a wide-scale pardon of prisoners, based on certain criteria. This paper presents an effective method for producing a list of prisoners eligible for early release by utilizing a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) approach. The following criteria were used: gender, age, severity of crime, proportion of sentence already served, and behavior in the last three years. Criteria weights were calculated using an analytical hierarchy process (AHP), based on data provided by the authorities. The model produced clear and unbiased results, offering policymakers a practical and user-friendly decision-making tool. It was implemented on a list of 1,500 candidates for early release through a wide-ranging amnesty, and several hundred of them achieved scores that made them eligible for a pardon.
Multi-criteria decision-making in the transport sector
Authors: de Andreis Federico , Curcio Enza , Maria Sottoriva Federico , Comite Ubaldo
Published: July 2023

The transportation sector appears to be among the most highly competitive, in a continuous search for effectiveness and efficiency.
In the logic of decision-making processes, to meet the competitive needs of the sector, optimization, or the selection of the best element, with respect to some criterion, from a set of available alternatives, appears central.
Business choices seek to achieve the optimum, i.e., the best or most favourable condition, or the maximum amount or degree possible under a specific set of comparable circumstances.
In addition to traditional decision making, there is the technique of linear programming, which is an optimization problem in which the objective function is a linear function subject to linear constraints, which may be equalities and/or inequalities.
Linear programming problems have a strong practical interest because many real-life problems can be modelled in terms of linear programming, since the approach to the decisions made is approximately linear.
For this type of problem, algorithms are also capable of solving problems with a large number of variables and constraints, even on low-power computers.
Therefore, linear programming can be a useful tool to support management in decision-making activities, helping both to reduce human effort and to provide quantitative results to optimization problems such as revenue maximization or cost minimization.
The chapter would like to analyze the decision-making process in transportation organizations seeking competitive advantage, illustrating through even some case studies how some choices turned out to be better than others.
Implementation of MPC Strategy in Reactive Separation Techniques and Its Benefits: A Demonstration with Natural Gas Sweetening Process
Authors: Karthigaiselvan K. , Chandra Panda Rames
Published: July 2023

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is a widely used method that has numerous applications in process industries. In the MPC group of controllers, a clear model is used directly for predicting future plant behavior and calculating corrective control action required to maintain the output at the desired set point value. It is well known that most chemical processes present inherent nonlinearities on account of disturbance, set-point changes.MPC variants based on nonlinear process models have produced stiff control of process along with improved handling of constraints, abnormal dynamics and time delays. One of the variants EMPC applied for various chemical processes have produced economic performance index over the horizon for achieving optimal output targets. In addition to that, adaptive MPC is better in handling the nonlinearity and time varying characteristics during run time by modifying model.
The control of reactive separation process is difficult on account of process nonlinearity and interactions of vapor-liquid equilibrium with chemical reactions. Reactive separation is multi -input and multi-output(MIMO) system .In order to obtain the optimal performance, energy conservation and cost effectiveness of MIMO system , the application of optimal controller is inevitable. The application of optimal controller have exhibited better performance compared to tuned linear controller inspite of presence of unknown input delays. The mpc coupled with neural network have exhibited better controllability in case of reactive distillation process.
This chapter will cover recent developments in MPC applicable to reactive separation techniques that consist of reactive distillation, reactive absorption, extractive reaction, reactive membrane separation which are used in applications such as LPG processing, natural gas sweetening process etc
A Deriving Quantitative Similarities to Computer Programs and Determining Copyright Infringement in South Korea
Authors: Kim Si-Yeol
Published: July 2023

Determining whether there is a substantial similarity, one of the factors for recognizing copyright infringement, is a hard work. For computer program works, judging the substantial similarity is even more difficult, because professional ability is required to measure. In Korea, this problem is solved through the expert testimony system in the trial process. In trial practice, quantitative similarity is mainly used as a method for determining substantial similarity. However, there are several limitations in two methods taken here, namely the use of the expert testimony system and the use of substantial similarity, and an appropriate response is required to overcome this limitation.
Topology Optimization Generating System
Authors: Nadim Aldarrouj Sandra , Alshannour Ibrahim
Published: July 2023

In our project, we started with discussing the structural topology approaches in general throughout the concept of Topology Optimization where we discussed the different types of Topologies and their mathematical functions, then we established the idea of creating the Topology Optimization Generating System where we made a collaboration of multiple programs and algorithms to create a friendly users environment for mechanical engineers mostly to design their own work with the best optimized solution possible with the less available volume of material, afterwards they can test the result with a physics simulator and apply any constrains and physical force anywhere they want.
Kantowski-Sachs Barrow Holographic Dark Energy Model in Saez-Ballester Theory of Gravitation
Authors: Sobhanbabu Yendamuri , Jnana Prasuna Y. , Satyanarayana G.
Published: July 2023

In this chapter, we have studied a spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Kantowski-Sachs universe in the presence of Barrow Holographic Dark Energy in the background of Saez-Ballester scalar-tensor theory of gravitation. To find the exact solution of the SB field equations, we have assumed that the shear scalar is directly proportional to the expansion scalar. This assumption leads to relation between metric potentials of the models. We have discussed non-interacting and interacting cosmological models. Moreover, we have discussed several cosmological parameters such as energy densities of DM and DE (ρm & ρb), deceleration q, equation of state (ωb) and skewness (α) parameters, squared sound speed (vs2), ωb-ωb′ plane statefinders and Om-diagnostics parameters through graphical representation for both the interacting models. Also, we have observed that the current values of deceleration and EoS parameters of our constructed models coincide with the recent observational data.
Inclusive MOOC Supported by Assistive Technology
Authors: Escudeiro Paula , Galasso Bruno , Esdras Dirceu , Campos Gouveia Márcia
Published: July 2023

The deaf and blind communities often struggle to communicate. In scenarios such as academia, these communication challenges prevent these communities from progressing within the wider intellectual communities, as most digital content and tools used for disseminating information remain inaccessible to them. Our work aims to revamp the learning experience of deaf and blind students by granting them access to education in their first language and through proper effective channels. Massive and Open Online Courses (MOOCs) provide a new opportunity for education. MOOCs are easily accessible; however, their availability tends to be non-inclusive. The aim is for them to be viewed broadly, even though minority groups, with needs for specific channels and languages, such as deaf and blinds, are usually not considered. To maximize the potential of these courses, an inclusive MOOC was developed, a broad pedagogical model with technologies that enable deaf and blind people to access digital educational content.
Indoor Thermal Comfort from the Estimation Thermal Environment’s Physical Variables in Temperate-Dry Bioclimate
Authors: César Rincón-Martínez Julio , Núñez-de Anda Armando , Fernández-Melchor Francisco
Published: July 2023

Adverse thermal conditions alter the indoor habitability and consequently, the occupants' health, performance, mood and comfort. Although there are local regulations that provide thermal indicators for the indoor architectural design, this are usually unrelated to the climate, type of construction project and psychophysiological adaptation of people. In this way, this chapter shows the thermal comfort ranges estimated from the thermal environment’s physical variables, using the adaptive approach, for Ensenada City, Mexico (dry-temperate bioclimate). Surveys were applied to collect the subjective perception simultaneously of the measurement of black globe temperature, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed. Study sample was made up from students of a public university whose activity level is sedentary (1.2 met) and clothing is light (0.7 clo). The survey was designed based on the ISO 10551 and ANSI/ASHRAE 55 standards, while the physical measurement instruments were selected based on ISO 7726, managing to generate a class I database. The study was correlational and statistically analyzed with 3,750 surveys from Average by Thermal Sensation Intervals method. 16 comfort ranges were quantitatively and graphically estimated from the four physical variables analyzed in each of the four representative thermal periods of the city. These indicators offer objective knowledge for proper decision-making during the architectural design process and, therefore, for the thermal-energy efficiency of buildings.
The Utilization of the Economic Value of Geographic Indications as a Communal Right in Increasing Community Welfare (In the Perspective of Indonesian Trademark Law and Geographical Indications)
Authors: Sembiring Sentosa
Published: July 2023

This paper attempts to analyze the benefits gained by the community by including Geographical Indications as one of the scopes of Intellectual Property Rights. Observing the nature contained in Geographical Indications as a material right, it is appropriate for the community that produces Geographical Indications to benefit economically. This is an opportunity and at the same time a challenge for stakeholders in disseminating Geographical Indications whose existence has its own characteristics, when compared to other types of Intellectual Property Rights. To implement what is described in the TRIPs Agreement, the Government of the Republic of Indonesia issued Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Marks and Geographical Indications. With the issuance of this law, the existence of Geographical Indications as a part of getting legal certainty as a communal right. To obtain communal rights as exclusive rights to Geographical Indications, communities are required to register with the Directorate General of Intellectual Property, Ministry of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia. For community groups that have registered Geographical Indications, a Geographical Indication certificate will be issued. By having a legal certificate, Geographical Indications get legal protection.
Intellectual Property in the Innovative Development of the World Economy
Authors: Lisenco Vladlena
Published: July 2023

The aim of the chapter to study economic content of intellectual property, problems and
contradictions of the world economy in terms of innovative development, as well as the search for possible options for overcoming existing contradictions.
To achieve this goal, the following tasks would be set: identify patterns of innovative development of the world economy; explore the features of intellectual property in the conditions innovative development of the world economy; identify forms of implementation of intellectual property in international technological exchange; to analyze the foreign economic activity of EU countries, USA and Asia in the field of intellectual property and justify the methods of its state regulation for the purpose of innovative development of economy.
Markov Operators on a Banach Lattice and Their Applications
Authors: Honda Takashi , Iwata Yukiko
Published: July 2023

Any Markov process is defined by a stochastic kernel. By using a stochastic kernel, we can define a Markov operator on a Banach lattice. Conversely, by using a Markov operator, we can define a Markov process. There is a close relationship between a Markov process and a Markov operator. In this chapter, we show the relation between a Markov process and a Markov operator. We show some applications of Markov operators concerned with dynamical systems and we mention the Jacobs-de Leeuw-Glicksberg decomposition which is induced by a Markov operator.
Research of Antioxidant Activity of Aronia melanocarpa Fruits and Viburnum opulus Fruits
Authors: Golikova Valentina
Published: July 2023

The general interest and the possibility of extensive use of polyphenol compounds determines the relevance of search of new low-cost and available sources of raw rnaQ-ial. In this aspect the Aronia melanocarpa. Viburnum op ulus are promising. I decided to determine the optimal concentration of ethyl alcohol, providing the highest antioxidant activity were prepared tinctures A. melanocarpa fruits, Viburnum opulus fruits and their combination. For this I took tinctures were made 1: 5 with percolation. Alcohol (40%, 70%, 95%) was used as an extracting agent; medicinal plant material - V. opulus fruits, A. melanocarpa fruits. Study of AOA was carried using test systems and method of EPR spectroscopy. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was done with Statgraphics (n = 6). Conclusion: The highest antioxidant activity was shown tincture V. opulus fruits 40%. In that way the optimal concentration of ethyl alcohol, providing the highest antioxidant activity is 40%.
Ecological Significance of Wild Huckleberries (Vaccinium membranaceum)
Authors: Lichtenberg Janene , Graves Tabitha
Published: July 2023

Wild huckleberry (Vaccinium globare/membranaceum complex) is a keystone species in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. The fruits are a primary food source for grizzly bears and other wildlife, as well as an important traditional and contemporary human food. Huckleberry shrubs also provide cover and nesting habitat for many animal species, including small mammals and birds. The flowers provide nectar and pollen with crucial connections between bumble bees (Bombus species) and huckleberries. Native bee pollination is essential for successful berry development. Huckleberries flower early in the growing season and are some of the only floral resources available when bumble bee queens first emerge from hibernation and need to collect pollen and nectar for nesting. One of these species, the Western bumble bee (Bombus occidentalis), is in review for listing under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Future climate change has the potential to influence huckleberry distribution, productivity, and phenology. These potential changes could have wide-ranging implications because of the economic, cultural, and ecological importance of huckleberry.
Remuneration of Employee Inventions: Building a Typology of Existing Approaches
Authors: Svačina Pavel
Published: July 2023

Remuneration of employee inventions in corporations is a relatively controversial topic in the field of intellectual property, and in many countries, there are ongoing lawsuits over the amount of remuneration between the inventor and the employer. The available scholarly literature as well as professional sources suggest that there are many ways to how a country approaches remuneration legislation and practice, however there is a lack of homogenization of these approaches. To fill this gap, this chapter aims to find and define several recognizable types of compensation that exist in the world and their underlying principles and theories. We use an Eisenhardt’s comparative template for qualitative theory-building research (multiple case study) and formulate four recognizable types of approaches to the remuneration of employee inventions. The results of this chapter can serve, for example, innovative corporations in the correct setting of the reward mechanism for employee inventions when entering various foreign markets.