bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pest management and pesticide used in some Hospitals of Benghazi
Authors: Garboui S. , Elbagrmi T. , Elbagrmi T.
Published: December 2023

Public health pest management involves the control of insects or other vectors that transmit diseases to humans. These pests include mosquitoes, cockroaches, bedbugs and domestic rodents. Chemical pesticides assisted in containing the spread of infection and helped reduce infestations with pests. On the other hand, it may have a high-risk acute toxicity and/or chronic effects, which are dangerous, especially to children. Furthermore, they can cause cancer, neurologic damage, delayed development, reproductive dysfunction, and death in many parts of the world, generally through occupational exposure and accidental poisoning of patients. The current study was based on public hospitals in Benghazi city of Libya using questionnaires to collect data in 2013 and then completed in 2015-2016. The results showed a high level of infestation in the hospitals that were studied. The major insect pest species was the German cockroach (Blattella germanica). Insect control agents containing permethrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin were used. In addition to different formulations such as baits, traps, gel baits that contain hydramethylnon, imidacloprid, chlorpyriphos. The study acknowledges the benefits those pesticides carried out to hospitals, but also understanding their potential harm and side effects. The most important finding is that pesticides are used extensively in Benghazi’s hospitals. More than 15 different pesticides are presently applied in hospitals, such as fog, spray, and powder pesticides. They are applied in mostly all areas, including areas that contain patients. On the bright side, the study finds that hospitals in Benghazi have started to use less toxic pesticides and try to use other pesticides in safe ways.
Designing simple equations to fully understand the conversions among common concentration units: An overview
Authors: Korbag Issa , Saleh Salma Mohamed
Published: December 2023

Chemists express solution concentrations in a number of ways and the beginning analytical chemist should be familiar with some of the common expressions and units of measure employed. Concentration units can be a source of confusion for students. This article presents a treatment on this topic that may help students understand the differences between these units. We have reviewed here the common concentration units that chemists use. Their use in quantitative volumetric calculations is treated in more details. We have also designed simple equations to fully understand the calculations for concentration units and conversion between them. This article provides a quick, handy solution and a practical training for chemists, technicians, scientists, students, teachers, or engineers to overcome the problem of timeconsuming, difficult, and often inaccurate conversion calculation
Alluvial terraces as a measure of vertical movements and neotectonics: evidences from Wadi Zazah, Al Jabal Al Akhdar, NE Libya
Authors: EL Oshebi Farag M. , Badi Adli M. , Shaltami Osama R. , Fares Fares F.
Published: December 2023

Wadi Zazah as part of the Al Jabal Al Akhdar Mountain has suffered numerous tectonic events throughout the geologic time. Wadi Zazah is one of the longest observable wadis that cut the lower escarpment and distributed fluvial terraces in different parts and locations. These terraces are shown with obvious variation in their elevations, some being higher, while others abruptly decreased in steps-like behaviour, where a series of steps and surfaces developed above and below the escarpment. Logically these terraces are explainable of odd and nonnatural occurring, hence the fluvial terraces in the wadi attributed and interpreted as terraces of a tectonic control, and ascribed to the effects of one of those tectonic episodes. Wadi Zazah due the fluvial terraces in this investigation can be considered as one of those morphotectonic valleys in Al Jabal Al Akhdar Mountain. The present work disagrees with the conclusion of previous work, which suggested that Wadi Zazah is a tectonically stable region.
Seismic and sequence stratigraphy of the Palaeocene carbonates at the western margin of Cyrenaica platform, NE-Libya
Authors: El-Shari Saad M.
Published: December 2023

The work of this research focuses on seismic sequence stratigraphy of the Palaeocene succession in the western margin of Cyrenaica Platform. The availability of a good seismic and well data provided the opportunity for testing seismic and sequence stratigraphy techniques in the area. This area, geologically, lies on a hinge-line between the subsiding Sirte Basin to the west and the stable Cyrenaica Platform to the east. The immediate objective of this research is to better understand the stratigraphic and facies variation within the Palaeocene sequence in this area.

By the end of the Palaeocene the major tectonic rifting event which formed the Sirte Basin had almost ceased. The subsequent history of the basin was represented the post-rift depositional phase of basin development. The carbonate platform on the western margin of the Cyrenaica Platform contains a record of composite relations between the factors that controlled carbonate platform deposition during the Tertiary. Evolution of this carbonate margin is an excellent example since it clearly shows how the history of this type of margin is dominated by interaction between regional effects, and governed by thermal subsidence consequent upon extension. The shelf edge is the most sediment-starved part of the margin, and given suitable climatic conditions, carbonate deposition can occur at rates equal to subsidence thus maintaining and building the platform. The most important facies and stratigraphic relations of Palaeocene sequence are analysed and discussed in terms of platform development and the principal factors that influenced patterns of sedimentation and the production of carbonate. Furthermore, the sequence stratigraphic and seismic facies study of this interval explain the Paleocene geological history of the Sirte Basin, an essential step in any Hydrocarbon exploration program
الاعلام وصناعة القيم
Authors: النائلي احمد
Published: December 2023

كانت إحدى الورقات العلمية المعنية بدراسة دور االعالم في تدعيم أو تعديل أو تغيير أو استحداث القيم ليفي المجتمع الليبي حافزا ؛ الستنهاض الذات لمعرفة مدى إمكانات اإلعالم في مجال صناعة القيم ً,والتي قادتني مباشرة الى أن أذهب لإلرث العلمي الذي يناقش مدى تأثير اإلعالم من عدمه على الجمهور وحجمه ونوعيته واشتراطاته , وخاصة وأننا في هذه الحالة ال نتحدث عن زرع افكار عابرة أو معلومات أو اتجاهات ,بل نتحدث عن قيم سائدة في المجتمع نرغب في تدعيمها أو استبدالها ,لما يمثله هذا العمل ٌم في حياة اإلنسان , ألنها تو ّجه سلوكه وترشده ,من جهد قد ال يتحقق لوسائل اإلعالم , فالقيمة شيء هافهل يمكن لوسائل اإلعالم التأثير عليها بأي شكل من األشكال
الاتصال بالعصف الذهني في العملية التعليمية
Authors: الطالب سالم
Published: December 2023

لقد أصبح العصر الذي نعيشه اليوم مل

يئا بالتحديات

جدا التي تفرض نفسها على املجتمعات ،

وبالتالي فال مناص من قبولها والتعامل معها بجدية وحزم ، ومواجهتها بشكل سليم أو االستسالم لها بحجة

الضعف وعدم القدرة على املجابهة، ومن أهم هذه التحديات ما يتعلق بمستوى إدراك الفرد لقدرته وأهميته

وتأثيره في املجتمع، وعندما نتحدث عن ذلك نجد أنفسنا أمام الكثير من الطرق واملحطات التي يمر بها الفردإلى

أن يصل إلى هذه املرحلة، و أهم هذه املحطات : البيت ،والشارع، واملسجد، واملدرسة، والجامعة، ومؤسسات

 العمل . و يمكن القول إن الدولةالتي ال تهتم بالعنصر البشري

تعد دولة لن يكتب لها البقاء بطريقة الئقة بين

الدول.
آلية ترسيخ مؤسسات التنشئة الاجتماعية مهارات التربية الإعلامية والرقمية لدى الطفل الليبي (دراسة كيفية)
Authors: الصوصاع آمنة , المجبري محمد , الغزالي بوبكر
Published: December 2023

تهدف هذه الدراسة (آلية ترسيخ مؤسسات التنشئة الاجتماعية مهارات التربية الاعلامية و الرقمية لدى الطفل الليبي (دراسة كيفية) إلى تقديم إرشادات وأساليب لتنمية مهارات التربية الإعلامية والرقمية والمتمثلة في البحث والتحليل والنقد والتفسير والتقييم بالإضافة للإنتاج الإبداعي المسؤول والمشاركة والتعبير عن الذات من قبل مؤسسات التنشئة الاجتماعية التي تتضمن الوالدين أو الأسرة بصفة خاصة والمدارس والمساجد ووسائل الإعلام المحلية، حيث اعتمد الباحثون على المنهج الكيفي لإجراء هذه الدراسة وذلك من خلال إجراء المقابلات الشخصية العميقة مع عدد من الأكاديميين المتخصصين في مجال الإعلام والتربية الإعلامية ؛ للخروج بنتائج علمية ونصائح تربوية واقتراحات مستقبلية يمكنها أن تدعم مهارات التربية الإعلامية الرقمية لدى الطفل الليبي توصلت هذه الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج من أهمها :

أكد جميع المبحوثين على ضرورة عمل جميع مؤسسات التنشئة الاجتماعية على ترسيخ مهارات التربية الإعلامية والرقمية لدى الطفل منذ سنوات عمره الأولى لتحصينه من المضامين الإعلامية المستوردة وخلق طفل وشاب مشارك ومبدع وقادر على الانتقاء، حيث قدم المبحوثين الأساليب والطرق المختلفة التي يجب على هذه المؤسسات أن تتبعها لترسيخ مهارات التربية الإعلامية والرمية لدى الطفل الليبي وهذا ما جاء في مضمون هذه الدراسة بالتفصيل.

يجب على المدرسة والمعلمين القيام بدورهم وذك بنصح الأطفال وإرشادهم حول طرق وساعات التعرض للوسائل الإعلامية المختلفة وتنمية مهارات المشاركة والحوار والتعبير عن الذات لديهم من خلال طرح أسئلة حول المضامين الإعلامية المختلفة.

قيام المساجد بتثقيف الأطفال حول شؤون دينهم وحول ما يشاهدونه أو يقرؤونه من وسائل الإعلام التقليدية أو الحديثة.

تشريع قوانين تهدف إلى حماية الطفل من الاستغلال الإعلامي.
استخدام تطبيقات ومنصات التعليم الإلكتروني " التعليم عن بعد" في مؤسسات التعليم العالي خلال جائحة كورونا: دراسة تطبيقية على كلية الإعلام بجامعة بنغازي
Authors: خليل فرحات , المرضي عبد الله , ثابت رحمة
Published: December 2023

هدفت هذه الدراسة للتعرف على أكثر التطبيقات ومنصات التعليم الإلكتروني "التعليم عن بعد"  استخداماً خلال فترة الحظر وإغلاق المؤسسات التعليمية والتي من بينها كلية الإعلام بجامعة بنغازي محل الدراسة ، كما هدفت أيضاء لمعرفة الآلية التي اعتمدت عليها الكلية وأعضاء هيأة التدريس في استمرار المحاضرات عن بعد خلال فترة الحظر والتي استمرت لفصل دراسي كامل ، ورصد الايجابيات والسلبيات لاستخدام المنصات والتطبيقات الالكترونية في التعليم عن بعد، واستخدم الباحثين منهج المسح الإعلامي لإجراء هذه الدراسة ، وأجريت هذه الدراسة على أعضاء هيأة التدريس بالكلية محل الدراسة استخدم معهم أسلوب الحصر الشامل نظرا لقلة عددهم والذي بلغ(75) في حين سحبت عينة طبقية عشوائية نسبية من الطلاب المقيدين في الفصل الثاني خلال العام الجامعي 2020/2021 والبالغ عدد650 طالب وطالبة ، ومن خلال جدول العينات تم تحديد حجم العينة ب 230 مفردة موزعة التخصصات. وتوصلت هذه الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج كان أهمها: إن قناة التيليجرام هي الأكثر استخداما في التعليم الالكتروني عن بُعد من وجهة نظر الطلاب، يليها تطبيق زوم، ثم تطبيقي فيس بوك و وتس أب ، في حين يذكر أي استخدام للتطبيقات والمنصات التعليمية الأخرى.

إن المزج بين الأسلوبين النظري والعملي، وفتح باب النقاش خلال المحاضرات الافتراضية، يُعد الآلية الأكثر استخداماً في التعليم الالكتروني عن بُعد. كما أن توفير الجهد والوقت، وتعلم كيفية التعامل مع التكنولوجيا الحديثة، وإتاحة الفرصة لهم لإظهار مهارتهم واعتمادهم على أنفسهم في التعامل مع مصادر المعلومات من أهم ايجابيات استخدام المنصات والتطبيقات الالكترونية في التعليم عن بُعد. وعدم تناسب الدراسة عن بُعد مع بعض المواد التي تتطلب جانب عملي، والانقطاع المستمر للتيار الكهربائي من أولى الصعوبات التي واجهها الطلاب خلال تلقي محاضراتهم عن بُعد. وبيّنت الدراسة من خلال وجهة أعضاء هيأة التدريس أن هناك اختلاف نوعًا ما في النتائج النهائية لتحصيل الطلاب لصالح التعليم التقليدي.
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF IMPROVING MEDIERGONOMIC COMPETENCE
Authors:   Deputy Director For Educational And Methodological Affairs Of The Namangan Region National Center For Training Pedagogues In New Methods, Uzbekistan, Alimbekovich Eraliyev Xalimjon
Published: December 2023

Microergonomics "man is another component of the working system", the main goals of ergonomics, the interaction of midiergonomics at the level of workplaces and production tasks, the optimal distribution of functions between man and machine in improving the quality and efficiency of midiergonomics education and study of coordination problems, capabilities of the deputy directors, it was thought that the appropriate distribution of functions within the system would significantly increase its efficiency.
INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FIELD OF DISTANCE EDUCATION
Authors:   UZSIAC, Department Of Computer Science And Natural Sciences, Uzbekistan, Abdusattarovna Tillyashaykhova Makhsuda
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the possibilities of expanding the potential of traditional distance education through Internet technologies, describes the grounds for their use and the advantages of using them, reveals the essential characteristics and specific features of distance learning. The author considers both positive and negative aspects of distance learning and focuses on certain issues of the criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of distance education. There are two types of factors for the use of distance learning in the education system: external and internal factors.
Influence of the extractant composition on the zinc extraction from concentrated nickel chloride solutions of JSC “Kola MMC”
Authors:   Apatity Branch of the Murmansk State Technical University, Apatity, Russia, Varnavskaya Alexandra O. ,   I.V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sokolov Artem Yu. ,   I.V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kasikov Alexandr G. ,   I.V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2023

The optimum composition of the extraction mixture for zinc extraction from concentrated nickel chloride solutions of Kola MMC JSC was determined. The influence of the ratios of organic and aqueous phases on zinc extraction as well as impurities in the form of cobalt and copper was studied. The influence of different aliphatic diluents and modifiers was investigated.
Synthesis of gold complex compounds for cancer diagnostics and obtaining nanocomposite materials based on polylactide
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Potseleev Vladislav V. , Trofimchuk Elena S. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Uspenskii Sergey A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: December 2023

Approaches to the synthesis of a drug for photon-capture therapy based on the complex compound of gold with cysteine [Au(I)-Cys]n have been developed. The dependence of the particle sizes of the complex on pH was established. Using the crazing mechanism, nanocomposite materials based on polylactide and containing [Au(I)-Cys]n particles with an average size of about 10 nm were obtained. The obtained materials were studied using electron microscopy and their structure was established.
Production of cellulose-containing sorption materials for wastewater treatment from heavy metal ions
Authors:   Belarusian State Technological University, Shibeka Ludmila A. , Mytsko Dziyana V. ,   Belarusian State Technological University
Published: December 2023

The results of the study of various methods of treatment of sawdust on their sorption properties are presented. It was found that treatment of the initial sorbent with hydrochloric acid solution, ultrahigh-frequency radiation and ultrasound leads to an increase in the sorption capacity of the material. It has been found that the process of zinc ions sorption from water by sawdust sorbents can be described by means of two dependences: the Freundlich adsorption equation (for the equilibrium range of metal ions 0,001– 0,02 mol/dm3) and the Langmuir monomolecular adsorption (0,02–0,04 mol/dm3). It was shown that the mechanisms of zinc ion binding by sawdust samples are ionic exchange involving carboxyl and hydroxyl groups as well as physical adsorption.
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY VARIATIONS ON BENDING STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF HYBRID EUCALYPTUS WOOD IN GHANA
Authors: SEIDU HARUNA , NÉMETH RÓBERT , OWUSU FRANCIS WILSON , MENSAH PROSPER , AWOTWE-MENSAH MICHAEL , FELIX BOAKYE
Published: December 2023

The study examines how temperature and relative humidity affect the bending strength properties of hybrid eucalyptus wood from Amantia and Winneba in Ghana. Eucalyptus wood from six trees were tested based on BS 373:1957 under different temperatures and relative humidity levels. The study measured the modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), and moisture content (MC) of the wood samples. The results showed that MOE and MOR varied significantly across the different conditioning parameters N, T, K and G. MC also influenced the mechanical strength properties of the wood, following the wood-water relation theories. The study concluded that climate and geographical location are important factors to consider when evaluating the mechanical properties of hybrid eucalyptus. This study holds practical implications for optimizing the utilization of eucalyptus wood particularly in the construction and related industries in the three different climatic zones of Ghana.
Pertinencia de las Actividades Institucionales en el Desarrollo de Habilidades de Pensamiento Crítico en Estudiantes de Educación Media del Contexto Rural y Urbano
Authors: Tovar Rua Diana Cecilia , Gómez Muñoz Johana Paola , Piedrahíta Ospina Fabio Armando , Canales Perez Maria Cristina , Getial Narváez Carlos Andrés
Published: December 2023

Este estudio explora la pertinencia de las actividades institucionales en el desarrollo de las habilidades de pensamiento crítico en estudiantes de educación media, tanto en entornos urbanos como rurales del departamento del Atlántico, dentro del ámbito del sector público. Se adopta un enfoque metodológico mixto, respaldado por un paradigma interpretativo, en un diseño de carácter descriptivo. Para llevar a cabo la recopilación de datos, se implementa una variedad de instrumentos, incluyendo el análisis de documentos institucionales, observaciones en las aulas, registros en diarios de campo, la administración del test de Watson-Glasser y la aplicación de cuestionarios socio-demográficos. El estudio abarca un total de 216 estudiantes y 11 docentes de distintas disciplinas en dos instituciones educativas. Los resultados arrojados por el análisis revelan carencias notables en las competencias de pensamiento crítico, incluyendo áreas como la inferencia, deducción, formulación de supuestos, interpretación y capacidad argumentativa. Asimismo, se identifica una disonancia entre la visión institucional, la práctica pedagógica y el grado de adquisición y desarrollo de habilidades críticas por parte de los estudiantes. Este hallazgo subraya la imperativa necesidad de que las instituciones educativas, tanto en entornos urbanos como rurales, generen reflexiones profundas y emprendan acciones concretas destinadas a fomentar el pensamiento crítico.
Aula Virtual, como Herramienta de Apoyo a las Clases Presenciales para Fortalecer el Logro de Aprendizajes Significativos. Una Estrategia de Apoyo como Medio para Extender el Aula de Matemática
Authors: De León De Hernández Inés María , Tuñon Cumbrera Yolanys
Published: December 2023

Dada la importancia que están adquiriendo en la actualidad las metas establecidas en los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, las TIC constituyen un recurso invaluable para lograr el nivel educativo de nuestros niños, jóvenes y adultos en su conjunto. Este cuarto objetivo es la base para mejorar la calidad de vida, el acceso a una educación inclusiva y equitativa y el desarrollo sostenible de una educación de calidad.. El desarrollo de esta investigación respalda el trabajo incansable de los docentes para mantener a la vanguardia a nuestras instituciones educativas, quienes han logrado educar a un número importante de jóvenes en las nuevas tecnologías y aplicaciones educativas. Este estudio propone una adaptación a un entorno educativo virtual en la asignatura  Principios de Matematica  de la educación inicial-Matemática 105, crea un ecosistema digital con herramientas que pueden ser utilizadas en un entorno web, y apoyada por tutores capacitados y diversas teorías de aprendizaje adaptadas al entorno virtual.
Transformations of the XXI Century – Human, Society, Values, Noonomy: Material vs Ideal, “Physics” vs “Lyricism”
Authors:   S.Y. Witte Institute for New Industrial Development, Bodrunov S.D.
Published: December 2023

The article raises a conceptual problem that has both philosophical and socio-economic content: the nature of the interaction of material and spiritual principles in the context of the increasing role of knowledge and cultural values as factors of modern socio-economic development. The author shows that the process of searching for new knowledge has rapidly begun to play a predominant role in relation to the material foundations of production, since now it determines the very nature of these material foundations. But such a revolution in the relations of the material and the ideal in the production process itself rests on the transition to knowledge-intensive material production technologies and to the creation of a knowledge-intensive product. This change also leads to qualitative changes in property relations and in the nature of a human. Property relations are gradually eroding, which in the future may lead to their exhaustion, and a person, in order to ensure the development of society in the conditions of the modern technological revolution, must break through the narrow shell of an economic person, and become a truly reasonable person, a noohuman, who relies on the cultural imperatives of human development.
Interaktivni metadiskursni označivači u inojezičnim tekstovima na razini B2
Authors: Pon Leonard , Petrić Marija
Published: December 2023

Diskursna je kompetencija odlučujuća komponenta u strukturi komunikacijske jezične kompetencije te uključuje sposobnost uspostavljanja kohezije i koherencije pri proizvodnji tekstova. Uz izricanje i nizanje propozicija u smislenu cjelinu, proizvodnja teksta podrazumijeva i uporabu određenih jezičnih sredstava čija je funkcija eksplicitno označavanje odnosa između dijelova teksta. Ta se jezična sredstva uglavnom mogu obuhvatiti terminom interaktivni metadiskursni označivači (Hyland 2005). Ključni je aspekt ovladavanja stranim jezikom na razini B2 prema ZEROJ-u sposobnost stvaranja dobro strukturiranih i koherentnih, duljih tekstova. Koherentnosti teksta može doprinijeti primjerena uporaba interaktivnih metadiskursnih označivača zato što oni mogu nadomjestiti nedostatke na razini tematske strukture ili učiniti jasnijim odnose među propozicijama. Ovaj rad proučava osobine uporabe interaktivnih metadiskursnih označivača inojezičnih govornika engleskoga i njemačkoga jezika na razini B2 prema ZEROJ-u. Sudionici su istraživanja izvorni govornici hrvatskoga jezika prosječne dobi 19,63 godina (SD = 1,244) koji su engleski ili njemački jezik učili kao prvi strani jezik. Zadatkom pisanja prikupljen je korpus argumentacijskih eseja koji sadrži 82 teksta po jeziku. Ti su tekstovi analizirani s obzirom na uporabu interaktivnih metadiskursnih označivača, a primijenjena je Hylandova (2005) klasifikacija u kojoj se razlikuju označivači prijelaza, označivači okvira, endoforički označivači, dokazivači i tumači. Za analizu je upotrijebljen alat Sketch Engine, a za statističku obradu podataka dobivenih kvalitativnom analizom program SPSS 20. Učestalost uporabe označivača okvira, prisutnost izraza tipičnih za višu razinu komunikacijske jezične kompetencije, raspon pojedinih skupina interaktivnih metadiskursnih označivača te udio neprimjereno uporabljenih izraza upućuje na bolju ovladanost interaktivnim metadiskursnim označivačima u skupini inojezičnih govornika engleskoga jezika u odnosu na govornike njemačkoga. Uporaba izraza za označavanje redoslijeda koraka u argumentaciji u sudionika obiju skupina otkriva određene nedostatke s obzirom na sposobnost globalne organizacije teksta. U pojedinih se sudionika neovisno o jeziku uočava uporaba izraza tipičnih za govorni registar. Analizom tekstova sudionika može se samo utvrditi, no ne i obrazložiti slučajeve neprimjerene uporabe interaktivnih metadiskursnih označivača. Bolje bi razumijevanje ovladavanja interaktivnim metadiskursnim označivačima bilo moguće ostvariti uvidom u kognitivne procese korištenjem psiholingvističkih metoda istraživanja tijekom ili nakon zadataka pisanja.
Oil, Conflicts, and Political Economy of Migration in Africa: The Nigeria’s Niger Delta Experience
Authors: Ojakorotu Victor
Published: December 2023

In most African countries, especially Nigeria, migration is driven by economic hardship, unemployment, poverty, and the search for greener pastures overseas. In Niger Delta, in addition to the factors above, migration is driven by recurrent attacks and conflicts between militants and the Nigerian state over oil. Indeed, negative environmental externalities and violence resulting from long years of oil exploration in this region have made many, especially youths leave the region for safety and livelihood. This article thus examined the implications of oil pollution and other environmental stressors for migrants leaving the region. The paper hypothesized and sought to understand how oil politics and environmental deplorable conditions in this region exacerbate the engagement of illiterate young girls and women to migrate or be trafficked to urban centers as child laborers and sex workers within and outside Nigeria. The paper appraised how oil conflicts and environmental degradation could intensify migration risks among this group of people leaving the region. Utilizing empirical qualitative research design, the paper tested if the migration of youth in this region is partly related to manipulation and the negligence by the Nigerian state to commensurate spending from oil on the development of the region. The paper concluded that the recurrent oil conflicts and environmental conditions in the Niger Delta bring into focus the political economy of migration, globalization, and indigenous, and minority rights and struggles for sustainable means of livelihood.

Keywords: Conflicts, Livelihood, Migration, Oil, Political economy
Improving Citizen Services through Digital Transformation in Local Government Post COVID-19: Voices of Graduates, South Africa
Authors: Phetha Hlengiwe , Ndlovu Joram
Published: December 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic hit in 2020 and quickly spread across the world resulting in millions of deaths. The efforts to curtail the spread of the virus during the pandemic resulted in governments across the world pronouncing measures to restrict the movement of people, introducing curfews, instilling travel bans and encouraging people to stay at home. These unprecedented restrictions have resulted in the disruptions of the global economy. Faced with a global menace, the public sector in South Africa is slowly adopting ICT in its operations to improve service delivery. Despite a series of ICT innovative initiatives conducted by corporations during covid-19 environment, local government has been reluctant to adopt ICT in its operations. To understand the role of ICT in creating employment opportunities in the local government during the coronavirus pandemic a qualitative approach was adopted where twenty participants were interviewed. Participants comprised 10 key informants from the public sector and tertiary institutions in KwaZulu-Natal. The results showed that the public sector has failed to transform structurally in major areas to deal with a health crisis. Given the weak transformation of the South African economy due to COVID-19, high numbers of graduates entered the labour market, most of whom were shunning the public sector. To address graduate employability in the public sector, policymakers need to involve graduates in decisions that are attractive to them and use ICT to bring about stability in the public sector and make it an integral part of the well-being of graduates. The failure to integrate graduates into the public sector was found to be due to a lack of certain attributes, serious skills mismatch and a general lack of capacity. Therefore, the public sector should bridge this gap by adopting ICT to meet labour market needs and individual graduates’ attributes. Although the data in this work came from a small sample of key informants, it contributes significantly to expanding the scholarship on Digital Transformation in Local Government post-COVID-19.

Keywords: Labour Market, Employment, Graduates, Perceptions, ICT.
Art Integrated Learning: An Innovative and Inclusive Mode of Teaching
Authors: Surbh Ms. , Sharma Dr. Anuradha
Published: December 2023

Art Integrated Learning is an innovative and conceptual teaching method in which learners use a variety of artistic mediums to illustrate, experiment with, and present the material. Art integration into the curriculum involves introducing students to a variety of artistic mediums while they study academic subjects, including facts, ideas, concepts, procedures, methods, and skill sets. Teachers are employing dance, theatre, music, visual arts, etc. to teach a range of academic subjects in a more engaging way rather than teaching art as a separate subject. By incorporating various academic concepts with the arts, classroom instruction can be completely holistic. With this, cognitive domains as well as the development of the socio-emotional, behavioral, and psychomotor domains could be targeted. The goal of the paper is to examine the use of "arts" as a teaching tool and how it affects a child's general learning and development. An art-integrated learning approach is significant because it encourages inclusivity in the classroom and acts as a teacher for the growth of inclusivity.
Assessing Political Demoralization: A Framework for Public Policy Analysis and Evaluation
Authors: Inesia-Forde Angelina
Published: December 2023

Background: The United States symbolizes democracy in the new world and contributes to global prosperity. Nevertheless, incrementalism is a historically dominant national approach to public policy implementation that delays democracy and undermines human dignity. Human flourishing and national development are endangered by slow-moving democratic changes. This necessitates a social justice framework that traces the exploitation of incrementalism and the consequences of opportunity gaps. Objectives: This study aimed to answer and address the following research question: Are anti-democratic concepts part of a process or strategy that hinders democratic change, and what reinforces it, if anything? Methods: Two categories emerged from a grounded theory of democratic social change. This combination of anti-democratic tenets and democratic principles led to abductive reasoning to fill the research gap. Results: The key finding was the existence of a systematic approach that led to democracy while simultaneously disempowering the same group through legal and extralegal means. Two processes hinder democracy: incrementalism and an anti-democratic demoralizing process. A constructivist social justice grounded theory was developed to analyze and evaluate public policy for barriers and facilitators of democracy. A thorough analysis and evaluation of the impact and consequences of public policy is recommended to better understand how such policies impede democracy and influence American perceptions of justice.
Not all its seams (an extract from
Toi, ma sœur étrangère
by Karima Berger)
Authors: Qadiri Sura
Published: December 2023

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0
.
The ecological and social context of women’s hunting in small-scale societies
Authors: Hoffman Jordie , Farquharson Kyle , Venkataraman Vivek V
Published: December 2023

Women participate in hunting in some foraging societies but not in others. To examine the socioecological factors that are conducive to women’s hunting, we conducted an ethnographic survey using the Human Relations Area Files and other selected sources authored in the past 200 years. Based on life history theory and behavioural ecology, we predicted that women should engage in hunting when: i) it poses few conflicts with childcare, ii) it is associated with few cultural restrictions around the use of hunting technology, iii) it involves low-risk game within range of camp, with the aid of dogs, and/or in groups, and, iv) women fulfil key logistical or informational roles. We systematically reviewed ethnographic documents across 64 societies and coded 242 paragraphs for the above variables. The data largely support theoretical expectations. When women hunted, they did so in a fundamentally different manner than men, focusing on smaller game and hunting in larger groups near camp, often with the aid of dogs. There was little evidence to suggest that women only participated in hunting during non-reproductive years; instead, allocare networks were a prominent strategy for mitigating trade-offs between hunting and childcare responsibilities. Women commonly fulfilled crucial informational, logistical and ritualistic roles. Cultural restrictions limited women’s participation in hunting, but not to the extent commonly assumed. These data offer a cross-cultural framework for making inferences about whether and how women’s hunting occurred in the past.
COMPETENCES NECESSARY FOR A SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR: A CASE STUDY OF LATVIA
Authors: Sannikova Aija , Vevere Velga , Titko Jelena
Published: December 2023

Social entrepreneurship as a specific kind of business has been developing in Latvia since 2018, and it is a little researched field. Achieving the goals of social entrepreneurship is facilitated by several factors, including the competences of the social entrepreneur him/herself. The present research aims to identify the general basic knowledge, skills and competences necessary for a social entrepreneur in Latvia. The authors made a review of theoretical literature on the role of managerial competencies in social enterprises and analysed the results of surveys of social entrepreneurs and their institutional partners – university teaching personnel – conducted in Latvia. The research found that there were areas of general knowledge, skills and competences of social entrepreneurs that were rated as equally important by both groups surveyed, yet the social entrepreneurs gave more importance to competences related to business goals and opportunities. The present research makes a scientific contribution in two aspects: 1) the identified general competencies required for a social entrepreneur could serve as a basis for further research to measure the actual competencies of social entrepreneurs; 2) the research contributes to an institutional framework for the social entrepreneurship ecosystem by developing recommendations for cooperation partners – those involved in adult lifelong learning, incl. universities, for the development of competencies in social entrepreneurs.
Nest predation of Cory's shearwater Calonectris borealis (Aves, Procellariiformes) by introduced mammals on Terceira Island, Azores
Authors: Lamelas-Lopez Lucas , Ferrante Marco , Borges Paulo , Amorim do Rosário Isabel , Neves Veronica
Published: December 2023

The Azores holds the largest population of Cory's shearwater Calonectris borealis (Cory, 1881) (Aves, Procellariiformes) in the world. Apart from a few mammal-free islets, the bulk of the population breeds in coastal areas on the main human-inhabited islands, where several non-native predators have been introduced. Throughout the entire year of the 2019 breeding season, we used motion-triggered cameras and regularly visited three colonies of Cory's shearwater to identify nest predators and the factors affecting nest predation. A total of 292,624 photos were obtained, of which 97.7% were of Cory’s shearwaters, 1.7% of non-target species (e.g. other birds, rabbits) and 0.52% of potential predators. Of the monitored nests, 25.7% were predated (n = 9), mainly by black rats (n = 8), but also by cats (n = 1). The relative abundance of black rats in the nests was the main factor explaining nest mortality. This variable was significantly and negatively related with the daily survival rate of Cory’s shearwater nestlings. Identification of the main nest predators is crucial for the management and conservation of native bird populations, particularly on oceanic islands, which harbour an important number of threatened and endemic species.
New nephridiophagid genera (Fungi, Chytridiomycota) in a mallow beetle and an earwig
Authors: Radek Renate , Wurzbacher Christian , Strassert Jürgen F. H.
Published: December 2023

Nephridiophagids are unicellular fungi (Chytridiomycota) that infect the Malpighian tubules of insects. Most species have been found in cockroach hosts and belong to the genus Nephridiophaga. Three additional genera have been described from beetles and an earwig. Here, we characterise morphologically and molecular phylogenetically the nephridiophagids of the European earwig Forficula auricularia and the mallow beetle Podagrica malvae. Their morphology and life cycle stages resemble those of other nephridiophagids, but their rRNA gene sequences support the existence of two additional genera. Whereas the earwig nephridiophagid (Nephridiochytrium forficulaegen. nov. et sp. nov.) forms a sister lineage of the Nephridiophaga cluster, the mallow beetle nephridiophagid (Malpighivinco podagricaegen. nov. et sp. nov.) represents the earliest divergent lineage within the nephridiophagids, being sister to all other species. Our results corroborate the hypothesis that different insect groups harbour distinct nephridiophagid lineages.
Different experiences of children living in two-parent and single-parent families: Comparing generations born in the 1950s-1980s in Russia and in France
Authors: Churilova Elena , Zakharov Sergei
Published: December 2023

This paper examines the life-time measures and trends of children’s experiences in single-parent and two-parent families in Russia and France, within the context of generations. The study was conducted using two panel waves of GGS-Russia (2004, 2007) and GGS-France (2005, 2008). The results indicate that despite the Second Demographic Transition starting later in Russia than in France, and with approximately equal proportions of children born to single mothers, Russian children born in intact families are more likely to live in single-parent families later in life than French children. However, children born outside of a union in Russia have an advantage over French children in terms of their experiences and time spent living in two-parent families. The study of intergenerational dynamics reveals an obvious trend in Russia of an increase, from generation to generation, in the time such children spend living in two-parent families, while the same indicator in France has remained practically stable.
Invasive species over-stabilise the vegetation of a mobile dunefield, Manawatū, New Zealand, disrupting natural succession
Authors: Rapson Gillian L. , Murphy Ashley L. , Smith Angelina R.
Published: December 2023

Aims: Mobile, coastal dunefields around the world are under threat from invasive plants, which may out-compete native plant species. These aliens may also accelerate stabilisation of the dunes, to the complete exclusion of early successional native flora. In a mobile dunefield we examine the impact of the increasing abundance of alien species on substrate stability and successional trends of the native vegetation. Study area: Tawhirihoe Scientific Reserve, Manawatū, New Zealand. Methods: We recorded species’ covers and environmental factors in quadrats placed randomly over the mobile dunefield, and analysed the vegetation and its successional patterns via multivariate analysis. We explored the degrees of stabilisation and nativeness, referencing changes over the last three decades. Results: Our analysis reveals seven vegetation types, three with a high native component and following an established successional trend, and the others becoming dominated by alien grasses and herbs, and associated with increasing dune stability. Biodiversity is trending towards aliens, especially behind the foredunes, and aliens occupy nearly double the area of the mobile dunefield as do natives. Coverage of unvegetated or mobile sand has declined to 21 % and is projected to decline further. Conclusions: Only the foredunes and dune-slack wetlands are now in a mostly natural state, while native rear dune vegetation is becoming rare, and natural succession appears to be interrupted. Alien species over-stabilise the dunefield, facilitating further alien invasion, the longer-term implications of which are unknown. Intervention to destabilise the dunefield seems the most viable management option.

Taxonomic reference: Nga Tipu o Aotearoa (http://nzflora.landcareresearch.co.nz) [accessed 10 Jan 2023].
« Nous ne serons plus invisibles ! » Une expérience de remobilisation sociale par le théâtre
Authors: Pentecouteau Hugues
Published: December 2023

Le théâtre du Grain affirme un double positionnement qui est à la fois artistique et politique. Dans le cadre du projet Ressorts , l’initiation au théâtre est présentée comme étant un outil pour penser « la remobilisation sociale ». Articulé autour des quatre objectifs que sont le développement de la confiance en soi, l’engagement, la reconstruction d’une vie sociale et la puissance d’agir individuelle et collective, Ressorts propose à des usagers des minima sociaux de travailler avec des artistes professionnels et de participer à l’écriture d’une pièce de théâtre qu’ils joueront quelques mois plus tard sur une scène nationale. Pendant 9 mois, de manière exploratoire et inductive, j’ai observé et participé au projet Ressorts#5 en interrogeant ses finalités et la manière dont les participants se les approprient et disent en tirer profit pour « se remobiliser ». Selon les dispositions de chacun, la remobilisation prend des formes différentes, plus ou moins stabilisées et, sans doute, plus ou moins pérennes, jusqu’à permettre, dans certains cas, un retour vers l’emploi.
L’accompagnement en formation d’adultes : un paradigme
Authors: Breton Hervé
Published: December 2023

L’examen des conditions de l’émergence du paradigme de l’accompagnement en formation proposée dans cet article permet de mettre au jour la géographie des controverses qui se sont constituées au gré des différents moments qui en ponctuent le déploiement, de caractériser les métiers relevant des domaines professionnels qui l’organisent, du réseau des concepts qui le structure. C’est à partir de cette mise en perspective que seront saisies les questions éthiques et les dimensions sociopolitiques soulevées par ces métiers, et dont les pratiques oscillent entre individualisation des parcours et accompagnement collectif. La note de synthèse contenue dans ce dossier proposera l’examen des éléments suivants, sur un plan aspectuel, puis intégré : temporalités du cours de la vie adulte et précarité des parcours professionnels, auto-orientation et formation tout au long de la vie, évolution des cadres sociojuridiques du champ professionnel des métiers de l’accompagnement, identification des concepts associés au paradigme de l’accompagnement, mise au jour des questions sociopolitiques et éthiques.
Le crush : une nouvelle éducation sentimentale ?
Authors: Détrez Christine , Banning Oscar , Barbier Sacha , Dossa Cécile , Errate-Piper Sasha , Yzern Baptiste
Published: December 2023

Comme les goûts en général, les émotions et les sentiments, loin de renvoyer à un ineffable psychologique et individuel, peuvent être objets de sociologie. Dans la lignée des travaux classiques ayant élaboré la notion de script en matière de sexualité, les sentiments peuvent également être situés et contextualisés, notamment dans leur dimension générationnelle et culturelle. Tout comme le flirt a pu être analysé au fil de son histoire dans son lien avec les mentalités, l’accès au corps mais aussi les produits culturels d’une époque (le cinéma et les yéyés), le « crush », ce mot générationnel, nous permet de saisir de façon très contemporaine l’éducation sentimentale à l’adolescence et chez les jeunes adultes, l’importance qu’y prennent les productions culturelles, les réseaux sociaux et les pratiques numériques. Surtout, le crush, cette attirance secrète, ne peut être compris sans appréhender la dimension collective et les logiques genrées du travail émotionnel qu’il induit.
Les formes de la solidarité sociale dans les groupes Facebook trans
Authors: Armangau Yael , Figeac Julien
Published: December 2023

Cet article décrit les sociabilités et les formes de soutien social entre les membres de groupes Facebook trans. Sur la base d’une enquête par questionnaire réalisée auprès de 405 personnes trans, nous identifions leurs principaux usages de ces groupes (recherche d’information, de conseils, etc.) en précisant qu’ils varient selon l’âge, le niveau d’études et la temporalité des parcours de transition. Deuxièmement, nous réalisons une analyse lexicale des messages postés ( n  = 70 488) depuis 2013 dans ces groupes ( n  = 24) afin d’identifier les thèmes autour desquels les échanges sont organisés. Cette analyse montre que les ressources des réseaux sociaux numériques permettent aux personnes trans de créer des espaces safe en ligne pour se délivrer des formes renouvelées de solidarités sociales, le plus souvent pour faire collectivement face au « bouclier thérapeutique » français et aux manquements de la prise en charge médicale des parcours trans.
A Pad$ \acute{e} $ approximation and intelligent population shrinkage chicken swarm optimization algorithm for solving global optimization and engineering problems
Authors: Liu Tianbao , Li Yue , Qin Xiwen
Published: December 2023

Bio-inspired optimization algorithms are competitive solutions for engineering design problems. Chicken swarm optimization (CSO) combines the advantages of differential evolution and particle swarm optimization, drawing inspiration from the foraging behavior of chickens. However, the CSO algorithm may perform poorly in the face of complex optimization problems because it has a high risk of falling into a local optimum. To address these challenges, a new CSO called chicken swarm optimization combining Pad$ \acute{e} $ approximate, random learning and population reduction techniques (PRPCSO) was proposed in this work. First, a Pad$ \acute{e} $ approximate strategy was combined to help agents converge to the approximate real solution area quickly. Pad$ \acute{e} $ approximate was grounded in a rational function aligning with the power series expansion of the approximated function within a defined number of terms. The fitting function used in this strategy employs the above rational function and the extreme points are calculated mathematically, which can significantly improve the accuracy of the solution. Second, the random learning mechanism encouraged agents to learn from other good agents, resulting in better local exploitation capability compared to traditional CSO. This mechanism has a special idea that when it comes to selecting random individuals, it selects from the same type of high-performing agents, rather than selecting them completely at random. Third, a new intelligent population size shrinking strategy was designed to dynamically adjust the population size to prevent premature convergence. It considers fitness function calls and variations in recent optimal solutions creatively. To validate the algorithm's efficacy, PRPCSO was rigorously tested across 23 standard test functions and six kinds of practical engineering problems. We then compared PRPCSO with several mainstream algorithms, and the results unequivocally established PRPCSO's superior performance in most instances, highlighting its substantial practical utility in real engineering applications.