bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The many-faced film quality
Authors: Zhabskiy M. I. , Tarasov К. А.
Published: November 2024

For a film to be created and established as a social phenomenon, it must, to a certain extent, satisfy the needs of not only viewers, but also its authors, distributors, film exhibitors, investors and society. Hence the diverse quality of a film – spectator, aesthetic, commercial and cultural-ideological. From the complex of these qualities and the arrangement of value priorities in him, his integral social quality is formed.
I.V. Stalin as a character in Soviet newsreels of the pre-war years (1930–1941)
Authors: Karavaev D. L.
Published: November 2024

The topic of the article is the reflection of the person of I.V. Stalin in Soviet newsreels (newsreels and documentaries, special issues of newsreels, documentaries) in the period from 1930 to mid-1941. Based on a content analysis of a pre-made sample of film documents stored in the Russian State Archive of Film and Photo Documents, the author traces the evolution of Stalin’s screen image from one of the prominent party functionaries – Lenin’s comrades-in-arms to the sole leader of the Soviet people. The subject of a detailed analysis are little-known fragments of newsreels, in which the historically accurate audiovisual image of Stalin, the content and manner of his public appearances make it possible to give a more accurate and objective assessment of not only his personality, but also a number of important historical collisions of the USSR during the Stalin period.
Evaluación del desempeño del cultivo de pepino (Cucumis sativus) frente a tres fertilizantes foliares en la parroquia Nuevo Paraíso, Orellana, Ecuador
Authors: Aguirre-Cobeña Lourdes , Salguero-Ramos Diego , Bonilla-Bonilla Amanda , Salazar- López Rodrigo
Published: November 2024

La producción de pepino en la región amazónica del Ecuador se ha intensificado en los últimos años, debido
a las condiciones climáticas idóneas para este cultivo. En la parroquia Nuevo Paraíso, de la provincia de Orellana se siembra el pepino en pequeñas superficies (>1ha) destinado a consumo local. Los productores han
visto la necesidad de aumentar sus rendimientos con la aplicación de fertilizantes foliares. El propósito de este
estudio fue comparar el desempeño del cultivo de pepino utilizando tres tipos de fertilizantes foliares comerciales con su respectivo análisis económico. La prueba piloto se realizó en un terreno de 1200 m2 donde se
aplicaron los fertilizantes Evergreen (2.5 cm/2L), Metalasote (2.5 cm/2L), Agrostemin (1gr) evaluando la
altura de planta, número de hojas y flores, diámetro del tallo y características del fruto a los 22, 37 y 49 días
y comparándolo con el testigo. Los hallazgos mostraron que Evergreen es una opción rentable con un costobeneficio de $1,27 y con mejores características de planta y fruto. Este estudio sugiere la aplicación del fertilizante Evergreen en la etapa de crecimiento y floración del cultivo de pepino dado que representa mejores
ingresos por hectárea, un mejor costo-beneficio y mayor porcentaje de ganancia respecto a los demás fertilizantes foliares.
Palabras clave: Altura de planta; costo-beneficio; Fertilizantes; Pepino; análisis económico
Influence of a natural colorant powder from Syzygium Cumini L. (Skeels) on sensory and physicochemical properties during storage of a heat-treated flavored fermented milk
Authors: Gaibor Fabián M. , Rodríguez Daliannis , García Mario A. , Casariego Alicia
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of a powder colorant obtained from a hydroalcoholic extract of
jambolan (Syzygium cumini) on the chemical, microbiological, and sensory characteristics of heat-treated flavored fermented milk. The extraction of anthocyanins from the pulp was carried out by maceration with 90%
(v/v) ethanol acidified with citric acid. This extract was concentrated (14 to 15% w/v of total solids). Maltodextrin DE 12 was added to obtain 25% (w/v) total solids. Guar gum (0.06% w/w) was added as a stabilizer
to whole milk reconstituted with sterilized distilled water (11% w/v total solids). The colorant powder was
homogenized at a rate of 1.5 and 2 g per 100 mL of powdered whole milk dissolved in the corresponding
amount of water, and sucrose and concentrated strawberry flavoring were added. The natural colorant addition
allowed us to obtain a product with pH (4.23-4.75), titratable acidity (1.28-1.47% w/w lactic acid), and color
stability, similar to those of yogurt with synthetic colorants. No microbial growth or color changes were detected. The judges did not notice any strange odor, taste, or color. Natural colorants can be a beneficial option
for developing healthy and sustainable foods.
Keywords: Syzygium cumini; anthocyanins; spray-dried; natural colorant; heat-treated fermented milk.
Implementation of Convergence (Cross-Sectoral) Action for the Acceleration of Stunting Reduction in Palopo City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Saleh Najwa Fadhilah , Balqis  , Darmawansyah  , Razak Amran , Syafar Muhammad
Published: November 2024

Background: The global trend of stunting incidence has been declining from 2000 to 2022; however, the WHO still categorizes Indonesia as a country with a very high prevalence of stunting. A multisectoral and multi-stakeholder approach is one of the methods utilized in the National Action Plan for Accelerating Stunting Reduction. This study aims to analyze the implementation of convergence actions for accelerating stunting reduction in Palopo City. Methods: The study was conducted for 1 months in Palopo City. This study was a qualitative study with 14 informants from different regional government agencies (OPDs) involved in the Palopo City Stunting Reduction Task Force (TPPS). Data related to the implementation convergence action for Accelerating Stunting Reduction in Palopo City owere obtained through in-depth interviews. Qualitative data were processed by searching for keywords and then content analysis was conducted. Qualitative data analysis uses an inductive thinking process. Results: The study reveals that at the initial stage, each OPD recognizes the importance of cross-sectoral participation. However, challenges persist in the utilization of human resources and budgeting. The collaboration process requires improvements as planning, governance structure, and actor roles are not yet optimal, with some OPDs still lacking clarity on their roles. Leadership in Palopo City involves regulation and communication, yet some OPDs lack specific Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and regulations, though inter-agency communication is fairly effective. The outputs of stunting interventions focus on health, education, infrastructure, and social welfare, with some programs being directly integrated while others provide indirect support. Conclusion: The implementation of convergence actions for accelerating stunting reduction in Palopo City is not yet optimal, with primary challenges in the utilization of human resources and budgeting. The collaboration process, leadership, and program outputs still require improvement, particularly in planning, governance structure, and inter-agency communication.
The Relationship Between Stunting and Delays in Motor and Cognitive Development in Infants Aged 0-24 Months
Authors: Hasibuan Ustifina Hasanah
Published: November 2024

Aims: This Research to elucidating the relationship between stunting and delays in motor and cognitive development. Infants aged 0-24 months were selected for investigation because this period is a critical window during which the impact of stunting is most evident in the physical and mental development of children. Instrument & Method. The research instruments used include in-depth interviews with mothers of infants and local health workers as well as direct observation of infant motor and cognitive development. The research method applied was a qualitative approach with thematic analysis. Findings The results showed that stunting has a significant contribution to delays in motor and cognitive development, especially in infants aged 12-24 months. These delays are seen in motor skills such as sitting and walking, as well as cognitive delays in responding to stimuli and communicating. Conclusion: The findings of this research demonstrate a strong correlation between stunting and delays in motor and cognitive development in infants aged 0-24 months. Infants with stunted growth exhibit significant delays in reaching motor developmental milestones, such as sitting, crawling, and walking, as well as delays in cognitive abilities, including responding to stimuli, remembering, and speaking.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Siswa Baru Berbasis Web
Authors: Yuliana Hutasuhut  , Demonius Sarumaha  , Furqan Khalidy  , Saiful Amir  , Mardiah
Published: November 2024

New student admission is one of the processes of the system running in educational institutions such as schools to filter prospective students according to the criteria determined by the school. In research on new student admissions at the Annisa Global Course and Training Institute which has been done manually using brochures. Therefore, the system design that will be made is a web-based information system. With the times and the increasingly rapid development of science and technology. This web-based new student admission should be done.
This information system development method applies the waterfall method. The website created has facilities to provide complete and fast information about LKP Annisa Global Course to users or registrants and facilitate the registration process. Then for the administrator or admin can do easy data processing.
Gépészeti szerkezet többváltozós optimálása gyártási technológia és költségelemzés alapján
Authors: Bodnár Dávid , Jármai Károly
Published: November 2024

A gépészmérnökök mindennapi rutinjához tartozik, hogy egy szerkezet tervezésével kapcsolatos problémákat úgy oldjanak meg, hogy közben a gyártási költségek alacsonyak maradjanak. Az intuíció és a szakértelem felhasználásával egy mérnök gyorsan találhat megoldást, de ezek a megoldások gyakran feltételezésekben és más tervezők korábbi megoldásaiban gyökereznek. A többváltozós optimálási megközelítés alkalmazásával lehetőség nyílik arra, hogy feltételezések helyett keretfeltételek alapján találjuk meg a probléma megoldását. A keretfeltételek, melyek a célfüggvények is lehetnek: terhelések, az elvárt élettartam, a rendelkezésre álló alapanyagok, gyártási módszer és a rendelkezésre álló költségvetés.
Fauna de opiliões (Arachnida) em uma Unidade de Conservação no Cerrado, Parque Nacional Grande Sertão Veredas, Brasil
Authors: Rubim Luis Gustavo Talarico , Renne Diego Gonçalves dos Santos , Padua Thiago Henrique dos Reis , Gouvêa Taiguara Pereira de , Vilela Diogo Silva , Jacques Gabriel de Castro , Souza Marcos Magalhães de
Published: November 2024

O Cerrado compreende cerca de 24% do território brasileiro e abriga uma rica biodiversidade com alta taxa de endemismo, entretanto, estima-se que apenas 8% deste bioma esteja protegido por Unidades de Conservação. Soma-se a isso a crescente redução da área do Cerrado devido ao desmatamento para pecuária e monoculturas, e as poucas informações acerca de muitos táxons, como por exemplo o dos opiliões, aracnídeos que reciclam nutrientes e desempenham importante papel nas cadeias tróficas, pois agem como predadores e presas. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi inventariar pela primeira vez a opiliofauna no Parque Nacional Grande Sertão Veredas (PNGSV), uma das maiores Unidades de Conservação de Cerrado nos estados de Minas Gerais e Bahia, Brasil. O trabalho foi realizado de setembro de 2022 a abril de 2023, no total de 48h de esforço amostral. Foram identificadas 13 espécies para a localidade, sendo a maior riqueza já registrada por estudos de inventários no bioma. As informações apresentadas justificam a necessidade urgente de mais estudos no Cerrado, para conhecer melhor a fauna de opiliões, principalmente em função da perda crescente da área desse bioma; além disso, os dados ratificam a importância do PNGSV para a proteção das comunidades de opiliões no Cerrado mineiro e baiano, e justifica os investimentos públicos para essa UC, que cumpre seu papel proposto de conservação da biota e dos recursos naturais brasileiros.
The Integral Role of Nurses in Healthcare Transformation; Leading Change and Innovation
Authors: Avci Dr. Ilknur Aydin
Published: November 2024

The healthcare landscape is rapidly transforming, driven by technological advances, population demographic shifts, and evolving patient needs [1]. Central to this transformation is the nursing profession, which has always been the backbone of healthcare systems worldwide. Nurses are no longer just caregivers; they are leaders, innovators, and change agents who are instrumental in shaping the future of healthcare. This editorial explores nurses' integral role in healthcare transformation, highlighting their contributions to patient care, leadership in health systems, and the innovations they bring to the table.
Ankara İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü Çalışanlarında Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Farkındalığının ve Bilgi Düzeyinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Gökdere Ümit , Tunc Ugur Dilek , Ünal Egemen , Gökler Mehmet Enes , Mollahaliloğlu Salih
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) yaygın olarak gözüken halk sağlığı açısından önemli nörogelişimsel bir bozukluktur. Bu çalışmada sağlık çalışanlarının OSB hakkındaki bilgi ve farkındalık durumlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Çalışma Ankara İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü çalışanlarında, Ocak-Haziran 2021 tarihleri arasında yapılan kesitsel bir araştırmadır. Katılımcılar sosyodemografik değişkenleri, OSB ile ilişkilerini, farkındalıklarını ve bilgilerini içeren 40 soruluk anketi yanıtladılar. İstatistiksel analizlerde Mann Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis testi kullanıldı. İstatistiksel anlamlılık sınırı p
Recorrido por los Modelos Teóricos y Prácticos en la Toma de Decisiones en Organizaciones
Authors: Preciado-Ramírez Joffre Danny
Published: November 2024

This study provides a comprehensive review of theoretical and practical models of decision making within organizations, highlighting the challenges and limitations of their application. The objective was to analyze the applicability and effectiveness of different models, from rational to incremental, and their influence on organizational performance. The methodology employed included a literature search in Scopus, restricted to articles published between 2019 and 2024, with a thematic trend analysis that identified more than 500 relevant papers. The results highlighted that rational models face practical barriers, while intuitive models are useful in uncertain contexts but introduce biases. It was also noted that organizational culture and technology influence the choice and effectiveness of these models. In the discussion, the need to adapt decision-making approaches to the particular context of each organization was stressed, integrating flexible elements that consider both human and technological constraints. It concludes that effective management of these models can optimize decision processes and improve organizational performance in highly competitive environments.
Prácticas Innovadoras para una Alimentación Sostenible en la Producción Porcina
Authors: Montero-de-la-Cueva José Vicente , Caicedo-Aldaz Julio Cesar
Published: November 2024

The study addresses the issue of sustainability in swine production, highlighting the need for alternatives that reduce environmental impact and optimize the use of resources. The objective is to analyze innovative feeding practices that include the customization of diets and the use of alternative ingredients. For this purpose, an exploratory approach based on documentary analysis of recent scientific literature was used, prioritizing studies that address the efficiency, sustainability and profitability of these systems. The results show that precision feeding and the use of ingredients such as insect proteins and industrial by-products not only reduce nitrogen and phosphorus emissions, but also reduce operating costs and improve feed conversion efficiency. The discussion highlights that, although the adoption of these technologies represents a considerable initial investment, the long-term savings potential and environmental benefits justify their implementation, especially in a context of increasing demand for sustainability. In conclusion, these practices offer a viable pathway to more responsible and economically profitable swine production, although they require institutional support to facilitate their adoption on a small scale.
Aplicación de Tecnologías en la Agricultura de Precisión mediante Evidencia de Fuentes Científicas
Authors: Guamán-Rivera Santiago Alexander
Published: November 2024

The research analyzes the impact of advanced technologies in precision agriculture (PA), highlighting their relevance for optimizing the use of resources in agricultural production. The study focuses on a comprehensive review of academic sources to identify benefits, barriers and opportunities of PA in various regions. Using a systematic search methodology in scientific databases, recent studies investigating the use of sensors, drones, global positioning systems (GPS) and software for real-time crop monitoring were selected. The results show that PA significantly improves water and fertilizer use efficiency, reducing negative environmental impacts. However, factors such as high implementation costs, lack of adequate infrastructure in rural areas, and limited technical training hinder its adoption, especially in developing countries. The discussion suggests that supportive public policies, such as subsidies and training programs, could facilitate access to these technologies. In conclusion, PA has great potential to increase agricultural sustainability and productivity, but its widespread adoption depends on greater institutional support and improved technological accessibility.
Impacto de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF) en la Comparabilidad de los Estados Financieros a través de la Literatura Reciente
Authors: Caicedo-Basurto Ronny Leandro , Casanova-Villalba César Iván
Published: November 2024

The adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) seeks to promote comparability and transparency of financial statements in a global context by addressing accounting diversity across jurisdictions. This study reviews recent literature to assess the impact of IFRS on the comparability of financial information and the attraction of foreign investment. Through a literature review of academic studies, improvements in reporting consistency and reduction of asymmetry are examined, although implementation challenges, such as variations in compliance and adaptation costs, are evident. The findings indicate that, although IFRS have improved transparency and market attractiveness, limitations persist in their sectoral applicability and in the consistency of their interpretation across countries. It is concluded that, in order to optimize their impact, greater oversight and sectoral adjustment is crucial to allow for a more effective and adaptable regulatory framework in diverse contexts.
Ética en la toma de decisiones en enfermería, dilemas en el cuidado de pacientes terminales
Authors: Herrera-Sánchez Priscila Jaqueline , López-Cudco Leidy Liceth
Published: November 2024

The article addresses the ethical dilemmas faced by nurses in the care of terminally ill patients, exploring the tension between patient autonomy, family expectations and institutional guidelines. Through a qualitative literature review, the main ethical dilemmas were identified, such as the use of palliative sedation, limiting invasive treatments, and making decisions in contexts where patients are unable to express their wishes. The results highlight that nurses experience moral stress when faced with decisions that could unnecessarily prolong the patient's suffering or go against their autonomy. It is concluded that there is a need to strengthen ethical training and institutional support through the creation of interdisciplinary ethics committees and the promotion of a culture of open communication. These strategies can improve ethical decision making and reduce the emotional impact on professionals.
Features of improving psychological and legal measures to prevent juvenile delinquency in the Russian Federation
Authors: Sinyaeva Mariya Ivanovna , Himedenova Dina Nikolaevna
Published: November 2024

The paper substantiates the importance of preventing both general and group juvenile delinquency. The subject of the study of this article is the problems that arise when countering juvenile group crime. In order to identify and clarify the most effective methods and programs, the main factors contributing to the crime of persons under the age of majority have been identified, the study of which is a priority task of modern society and the state. Based on the study of materials of judicial practice, official statistical data and the views of researchers, the problems accompanying the process of psychological and legal prevention of juvenile delinquency were identified. The authors have argued and proposed the most promising methods in this field. The main purpose of the work is to develop proposals for the modernization of psychological and legal measures to prevent juvenile delinquency in the Russian Federation.  Both general scientific and special legal methods (system-analytical, comparative-legal, statistical) were used in the preparation of this article. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the development of theoretical, legal and organizational proposals for the modernization of the mechanism of psychological and legal prevention of juvenile delinquency. In the course of the scientific research, the main problems of countering juvenile group crime were identified, associated with insufficient interaction between law enforcement agencies and other social institutions in the field under study; with weak organization of work on crime prevention in educational institutions; as well as lack of adequate funding and logistical support. Based on the conducted research, a comprehensive analysis of statistical data and materials of criminal cases was carried out, the result of which allowed us to conclude that it is necessary to take into account the psychological characteristics of adolescents for the effective prevention of juvenile group crime.
John Cunningham Virus seroconversion during natalizumab treatment
Authors: Vasconcelos-Pereira Erica Freire de , Oliveira Vanessa Marcon de , Ferreira Cristiane Munaretto , Paula Giovanna Arisa Tano de , Ferreira Maria Tereza , Salgado Pedro Rippel , Domingos João Américo , Satomi Massaco , Silva Fabiany Monteiro da , Akamine Camila Yamanaka , Gubert Vanessa Terezinha
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is a progressive disease that is difficult to predict, originating in cases of disability. Natalizumab is a highly effective disease-modifying therapy but is associated with greater John Cunningham virus (JCV) reactivation and consequent increased risk of developing Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML). Objective: To analyze JCV seroconversion in patients treated with natalizumab. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted involving patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, between January 2012 and December 2021. To assess seroconversion during treatment with natalizumab, patients were considered seronegative at the beginning of treatment and who had at least one result in the period of medication use. The study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee under protocol 3,177,442. Results: Sixty-two patients treated with Natalizumab were included, with a seroprevalence of 67.7%. At the start of treatment, 41.9% (26/62) of the patients were negative for anti-JCV, of which 23.1% (6/26) were seroconverted. The mean time to seroconversion was 2.5 years. The baseline index of anti-JCV antibodies was statistically significant with the age of the patients. Among patients with a negative anti-JCV antibody result at baseline, 82.6% (19/23) remained negative throughout monitoring. Treatment was discontinued in 53.2% (33/62) of patients, and 72.7% (24/33) due to anti-JCV positivity with a consumption index >1.5 in 41.9% of cases. Conclusion: Knowing how to monitor the anti-JCV antibody index and treatment approaches in our patient cohort may be useful in future clinical decisions in treating MS.
Cyberchondria and quality of life: a cross-sectional study in Brazilian individuals
Authors: Zwierzikowski Jaqueline Alves , Cavalheiro Beatriz Pyrich , Takada Luis Felipe Ingles , Rusch Gabriela de Souza , Baena Mateus Latronico , Nisihara Renato , Skare Thelma Larocca
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Cyberchondria is a newly described entity in which patients recurrently search health information on the internet developing distress and suffering with the obtained information. Objective: To study cyberchondria in a sample of the Brazilian population: its association with epidemiological variables and interference with quality of life. Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study, with 948 participants. Three questionnaires were applied through the internet: one epidemiological; the Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS) questionnaire and the SF-12 (12-Item Short-Form Health Survey) quality of life (QoL) questionnaire. Results: CSS was weakly and negatively correlated with the age of participants in the subscale “compulsion” (r=-0.08, p=0.01) and “distress” (r=-0.12, p<0.0001). Men had higher scores on “compulsion” (p=0.02). A weak and negative correlation was found between the subscales of “compulsion,” “distress,” “excessiveness” and “reassurance seeking” of CSS and SF-12-physical domains and the subscales of “compulsion” and “distress” with SF-12 mental domain. An independent relationship was found between the male sex (p=0.009), living in rural areas (p=0.002), having less than 10 years of formal education (p<0.0001), and earning less than 5 minimal wages/month (p=0.0002) with the subscale “mistrust of medical professional”. Conclusion: Males and younger individuals have higher levels of compulsion in the CSS than females and the elderly. Mistrust of medical professionals was less common in females, in those living in urban areas, and in those with better education and higher income. Cyberchondria interferes with mental and physical QoL.
Home office e desfechos na saúde de adultos do Sul do Brasil
Authors: Meller Fernanda Oliveira , Dumith Samuel de Carvalho , Quadra Micaela Rabelo , Eugenio Fernanda Daminelli , Maciel Elisabete Borges , Mendes João Vitor Santana , Petry Sofia Garbin , Patricio Vinicius Alves , Schäfer Antônio Augusto
Published: November 2024

Introdução: Durante a pandemia de Covid-19, o home office foi de suma importância para a continuidade das funções laborais e manutenção econômica domiciliar. Todavia, essa prática parece ser capaz de influenciar consideravelmente a vida da população. Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre a realização de home office durante a pandemia de Covid-19 e desfechos de saúde, em dois municípios do Sul do Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal, de base populacional, realizado entre 2020 e 2021, em Criciúma (Santa Catarina) e Rio Grande (Rio Grande do Sul). Indivíduos com 18 anos ou mais de idade, residentes na área urbana, foram elegíveis para o estudo. O processo amostral ocorreu em duas etapas, com a seleção aleatória dos setores censitários e dos domicílios. A variável de exposição foi realização de home office durante a pandemia. Os desfechos estudados foram: sono, atividade física, peso corporal, consumo alimentar, tabagismo e ingestão de álcool. Resultados: Foram estudados 2.170 indivíduos. A prevalência de home office foi de 7,7%, sendo maior em indivíduos com até 49 anos (p<0,001), de cor de pele branca (p=0,036), com ensino superior (p<0,001) e maior índice de bens (p<0,001). Na análise ajustada, o home office foi associado ao aumento da prática de atividade física (RP=1,95; IC95% 1,06-3,58) e de consumo de alimentos saudáveis (RP=2,37; IC95% 1,58-3,54). Conclusão: Esses resultados demonstram que a realização do home office durante a pandemia de Covid-19 teve repercussões positivas sobre alguns desfechos de saúde em adultos da região sul do Brasil.
MorphoCellSorter: An Andrews plot-based sorting approach to rank microglia according to their morphological features
Authors: Benkeder Sarah , Dinh Son-Michel , Marchal Paul , Gea Priscille De , Thoby-Brisson Muriel , Hubert Violaine , Hristovska Ines , Pitollat Gabriel , Combet Kassandre , Cardoit Laura , Pillot Bruno , Léon Christelle , Wiart Marlène , Marty Serge , Honnorat Jérôme , Pascual Olivier , Comte Jean-Christophe
Published: November 2024

Microglia exhibit diverse morphologies reflecting environmental conditions, maturity or functional states. Thus, morphological characterization provides important information to understand microglial roles and functions. Most recent morphological analysis relies on classifying cells based on morphological parameters. However, this classification is not always biologically relevant, as microglial morphologies constitute a continuum rather than segregated groups. Instead, we propose a new open-source tool, MorphoCellSorter, which assesses microglial morphology by automatically computing morphological criteria, using principal component analysis and Andrews plots to rank cells. MorphoCellSorter accurately ranked cells from various microglia datasets in mice and rats of different age, from
in vivo
,
in vitro
and
ex vivo
models, that were acquired using diverse imaging techniques. This approach allowed for the discrimination of cell populations in various pathophysiological conditions. Finally, MorphoCellSorter offers a versatile, easy and ready-to-use method to evaluate microglial morphological diversity that could easily be generalized to standardize practices across laboratories.
Multi-species genome-wide CRISPR screens identify conserved suppressors of cold-induced cell death
Authors: Lam Breanna , Kajderowicz Kathrin M , Keys Heather R , Roessler Julian M , Frenkel Evgeni M , Kirkland Adina , Bisht Punam , El-Brolosy Mohamed A , Jaenisch Rudolf , Bell George W , Weissman Jonathan S , Griffith Eric C , Hrvatin Sinisa
Published: November 2024

Cells must adapt to environmental changes to maintain homeostasis. One of the most striking environmental adaptations is entry into hibernation during which core body temperature can decrease from 37°C to as low at 4°C. How mammalian cells, which evolved to optimally function within a narrow range of temperatures, adapt to this profound decrease in temperature remains poorly understood. In this study, we conducted the first genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 screen in cells derived from Syrian hamster, a facultative hibernator, as well as human cells to investigate the genetic basis of cold tolerance in a hibernator and a non-hibernator in an unbiased manner. Both screens independently revealed glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), a selenium-containing enzyme, and associated proteins as critical for cold tolerance. We utilized genetic and pharmacological approaches to demonstrate that GPX4 is active in the cold and its catalytic activity is required for cold tolerance. Furthermore, we show that the role of GPX4 as a suppressor of cold-induced cell death extends across hibernating species, including 13-lined ground squirrels and greater horseshoe bats, highlighting the evolutionary conservation of this mechanism of cold tolerance. This study identifies GPX4 as a central modulator of mammalian cold tolerance and advances our understanding of the evolved mechanisms by which cells mitigate cold-associated damage—one of the most common challenges faced by cells and organisms in nature.
Molecular dynamics simulations illuminate the role of sequence context in the ELF3-PrD-based temperature sensing mechanism in plants
Authors: Lindsay Richard J , Viegas Rafael Giordano , Leite Vitor BP , Wigge Philip A , Hanson Sonya M
Published: November 2024

The evening complex (EC) is a tripartite DNA repressor and a core component of the circadian clock that provides a mechanism for temperature-responsive growth and development of many plants. ELF3, a component of the EC, is a disordered scaffolding protein that blocks transcription of growth genes at low temperature. At increased temperature EC DNA binding is disrupted and ELF3 is sequestered in a reversible nuclear condensate, allowing transcription and growth to proceed. The condensation is driven by a low complexity prion-like domain (PrD), and the sensitivity of the temperature response is modulated by the length of a variable polyQ tract, with a longer polyQ tract corresponding to enhanced condensate formation and hypocotyl growth at increased temperature. Here, a series of computational studies provides evidence that polyQ tracts promote formation of temperature-sensitive helices in flanking residues with potential impacts for EC stability under increasing temperature. REST2 simulations uncover a heat-induced population of condensation-prone conformations that results from the exposure of ‘sticky’ aromatic residues by temperature-responsive breaking of long-range contacts. Coarse-grained Martini simulations reveal both polyQ tract length and sequence context modulate the temperature dependence of cluster formation. Understanding the molecular mechanism underlying the ELF3-PrD temperature response in plants has implications for technologies including modular temperature-response elements for heat-responsive protein design and agricultural advances to enable optimization of crop yields and allow plants to thrive in increasingly inhospitable environments.
Value construction through sequential sampling explains serial dependencies in decision making
Authors: Zylberberg Ariel , Bakkour Akram , Shohamy Daphna , Shadlen Michael N
Published: November 2024

Many decisions are expressed as a preference for one item over another. When these items are familiar, it is often assumed that the decision maker assigns a value to each of the items and chooses the item with the highest value. These values may be imperfectly recalled, but are assumed to be stable over the course of an interview or psychological experiment. Choices that are inconsistent with a stated valuation are thought to occur because of unspecified noise that corrupts the neural representation of value. Assuming that the noise is uncorrelated over time, the pattern of choices and response times in value-based decisions are modeled within the framework of Bounded Evidence Accumulation (BEA), similar to that used in perceptual decision-making. In BEA, noisy evidence samples accumulate over time until the accumulated evidence for one of the options reaches a threshold. Here, we argue that the assumption of temporally uncorrelated noise, while reasonable for perceptual decisions, is not reasonable for value-based decisions. Subjective values depend on the internal state of the decision maker, including their desires, needs, priorities, attentional state, and goals. These internal states may change over time, or undergo revaluation, as will the subjective values. We reasoned that these hypothetical value changes should be detectable in the pattern of choices made over a sequence of decisions. We reanalyzed data from a well-studied task in which participants were presented with pairs of snacks and asked to choose the one they preferred. Using a novel algorithm (
Reval
), we show that the subjective value of the items changes significantly during a short experimental session (about 1 hour). Values derived with
Reval
explain choice and response time better than explicitly stated values. They also better explain the BOLD signal in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, known to represent the value of decision alternatives. Revaluation is also observed in a BEA model in which successive evidence samples are not assumed to be independent. We argue that revaluation is a consequence of the process by which values are constructed during deliberation to resolve preference choices.
Habitat fragmentation mediates the mechanisms underlying long-term climate-driven thermophilization in birds
Authors: Liu Juan , Tingley Morgan W , Wu Qiang , Ren Peng , Jin Tinghao , Ding Ping , Si Xingfeng
Published: November 2024

Climatic warming can shift community composition driven by the colonization-extinction dynamics of species with different thermal preferences; but simultaneously, habitat fragmentation can mediate species’ responses to warming. As this potential interactive effect has proven difficult to test empirically, we collected data on birds over 10 years of climate warming in a reservoir subtropical island system that was formed 65 years ago. We investigated how the mechanisms underlying climate-driven directional change in community composition were mediated by habitat fragmentation. We found thermophilization driven by increasing warm-adapted species and decreasing cold-adapted species in terms of trends in colonization rate, extinction rate, occupancy rate and population size. Critically, colonization rates of warm-adapted species increased faster temporally on smaller or less isolated islands; cold-adapted species generally were lost more quickly temporally on closer islands. This provides support for dispersal limitation and microclimate buffering as primary proxies by which habitat fragmentation mediates species range shift. Overall, this study advances our understanding of biodiversity responses to interacting global change drivers.
Struktura i właściwości pragmatyczne kilku wypowiedzeniowych replik dialogowych informujących o zdziwieniu (na materiale współczesnej prozy polskiej)
Authors: Dzienisiewicz Daniel
Published: November 2024

Artykuł przedstawia wyniki analizy formalno- i pragmatycznojęzykowej kilkuwypowiedzeniowych replik dialogowych informujących o zdziwieniu występujących we współczesnych polskich utworach prozatorskich. Materiał badawczy został zaczerpnięty z XX- i XXI-wiecznej prozy polskiej zgromadzonej w Narodowym Korpusie Języka Polskiego oraz ze zbiorów autora. Analizie poddano kompleksy wypowiedzeń uzewnętrzniających zdziwienie składające się odpowiednio z dwóch (niemal 80% materiału), trzech (ok. 20%) oraz czterech i więcej (ok. 1%) składników. Obserwacja prowadzi do wniosku, że w skład badanych wypowiedzeń najczęściej wchodzą pytania wywoławcze, pytania wyjaśniające i zdania orzekające o przyczynach zdziwienia. Składniki badanych struktur mogą pełnić równolegle wiele funkcji, poczynając od komunikacyjnej, przez impresywną, na ekspresywnej kończąc. Niezależnie od formy językowej poszczególnych składników globalna treść rozpatrywanych replik stanowi przede wszystkim konstatację zdziwienia i jego przyczyn. Część wypowiedzi jest w całości podporządkowana nadrzędnej funkcji komunikowania zdziwienia, inne zaś ulegają modyfikacji w zakresie wyrażanych przez nie emocji pod wpływem treści wprowadzanych przez kolejne składniki.
More Than a Framework? Applying Socioecological Models Within Mental Health and Community Psychology Inquiries
Authors: Thaivalappil Abhinand , Young Ian , Papadopoulos Andrew
Published: November 2024

Socioecological models are commonly used by researchers, practitioners, and educators in mental health because these models acknowledge the environmental influences of well-being and help to inform the development of multipronged intervention strategies. However, their versatility and variety of uses in mental health and community psychology have presented challenges for researchers in defining the boundaries and acceptability of socioecological approaches. In this commentary, we provide an overview of socioecological approaches, describe some common applications, provide guidance for investigators seeking to use these models, and call for greater transparency in reporting to enhance its use in community psychology and mental health inquiries.
Effect of Different PPI Herbicides on Energy Utilization, Nutrient Content and Uptake of Soybean (Glycine max L.)
Authors: Gulaiya Shani , Jain K.K , Sharma Pooja , Singh Sahadeva , Joshi Mansi , Yadav Kamalkant , Kumar Ravi , Singh Parikha Prakash
Published: November 2024

A field experiment was carried out during Kharif 2019-20 at Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya's BSP Unit, Department of Agronomy, Jabalpur (M.P.). Using a Randomized Block Design, eleven weed control treatments in all were set up with three replications. The BSP Unit, Department of Agronomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur (M.P.) was the site of a field experiment in Kharif 2019-20. Using a Randomized Block Design, eleven weed control treatments in all were set up with three replications. The study's findings showed that Diclosulam 0.9% + Pendimethalin 35% SE at 45 + 1750 g ha-1 had the highest levels of N, P, and K. The weedy check plot had the lowest N, P, and K content. Comparing hand weeding to all other treatments, the highest uptake of N, P, and K was noted.  The combination of Diclosulam 0.9% + Pendimethalin 35% SE 22.5 + 875 g ha-1 showed the highest uptake of N, P, and K. Among the several herbicidal treatments, Diclosulam 0.9% + Pendimethalin 35% SE 22.5 + 875 g ha-1 (134.80 lakh k cal ha-1) was the crop that used the most energy, followed by Diclosulam 0.9% + Pendimethalin 35% SE 45 + 1750 g ha-1 (134.20 lakh k cal ha-1). Utilizing Diclosulam 0.9% + Pendimethalin 35% SE 22.5 + 875 g ha-1, the grain's utilization of energy was measured. The weed treatments in the weedy check plot used the most energy (270.68 lakh k cal ha-1). Hand weeding plot was shown to use the least amount of energy (2.12 lakh k cal ha-1).
A Scientometric Review of Research on Intestinal Dysbiosis in Dogs (2011–2023): Trends and Insights
Authors: Fonseca Marco Aurélio Ferreira da Silva , Silva Carlos Eduardo Fontoura da , Borges Giselle Sales , Costa Daniel Vieira , Lopes Mariana Moreira , Oliveira Iago Martins
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study is to quantify and describe, through scientometrics, data on studies related to intestinal dysbiosis in dogs. For this purpose, articles published between 2011 and 2023 were selected using the Web of Science database. Through an active search, 137 articles were screened, of which 82 were included in this study, selected based on title and abstract evaluation. Data were collected on the number of articles published by date, number of authors, citations per author, and the countries with the highest number of publications. Data processing was conducted using R Studio software and the Bibliometrix package, ensuring greater specificity in the analyses. The results show that the year 2020 presented the highest peak of published studies, with 13 articles. It was also observed that the most cited author published 41 of the 82 selected articles, and that the United States is responsible for the largest number of publications. Through this study, it was possible to conclude that countries with greater technological resources directly impact the scientific dissemination of information on the proposed topic.
Impact of Social Media Platforms on Learning Resource Acquisition among University of Uyo Undergraduates, Nigeria
Authors: Umoh Ukeme Ekpedeme
Published: November 2024

The study examined “Impact of Social Media Platforms on Acquisition of Learning Resource amongUniversity of Uyo undergradutes." Plateforms such as Twitter , YouTube, Instagram, Tik Tok, Facebook, and WhatsApp have become  ubiquitous in the lives of undergraduates the world over. They influence not only their social media interractions but also the acquisition of learning resources. While these platforms hold the potential to facilitate access to learning resources and educational content, there is a growing concern about their impact on academic focus, the quality of information shared, and the overall learning experience. Ex-post facto research design was adopted for the study. The study was guided by six purposes and six null hypotheses. The population consisted 2,056 final year students in the Faculty of Education, University of Uyo during the 2023/2024 academic session. The sample of the study was 200 final year students selected from four Departments in Faculty of Education, University of Uyo. The instrument used for data collection was “Social Media Handles and Acquisition of Learning Resources Questionnaire (SMHALRQ)”. The instrument was validated by three experts, and its reliability was determined using Cronbach's Alpha statistics which yielded a coefficient of 0.66. Independent t-test was used to test the null hypotheses at .05 level of significance. Results showed that YouTube, TikTok, Facebook, and WhatsApp significantly influenced the acquisition of learning resources among undergraduates, while Twitter and Instagram did not show significant influence. Based on the findings, it is recommended that educational institutions should integrate effective social media platforms into their teaching and learning strategies, implement digital literacy programs, and develop clear guidelines for the use of social media in academic contexts to enhance students' acquisition of learning resources.
Impact of Integrated Nutrient Management on Soil Micronutrients and Organic Matter Dynamics in Maize-mustard Crop Rotation in Himalayan Foothills
Authors: Singh Davinder Paul , Sharma K.R. , Sharma Vikas , Devi Mamta
Published: November 2024

Aims: The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of inorganic fertilizers and organic manures on availability of micronutrients and organic matter in soils of rainfed agriculture in foothills of Himalayas.
Place and Duration of Study: Present study was conducted at Advance Centre for Rainfed Agriculture (ACRA), Rakh Dhiansar, Jammu from 2020 to 2022.  
Methodology: In a long-term field experiment, we investigated the effects of 10 treatments on soil micronutrients, organic matter and their correlation under rain fed agriculture. Randomized block design was used with three replications. Following are the treatments: T1 - Control, T2 - 100%  RDF of N,P,K through chemicals, T3 - 50% RDF of N,P,K through chemicals, T4- 50% RD of N through crop residue, T5 - 50% RD of N through FYM, T6 -50% RDF of N,P,K through chemicals +  50% RDF of N through crop residues, T7- 50% RDF of N,P,K through chemicals + 50% RD of N through FYM, T8 - FYM @ 10 ton/ha, T9 - 100% RDF of N,P,K through chemicals + Zinc Sulphate @ 20kg/ha and T10 - Farmer practice (FYM @ 4 ton/ha + 40kg urea /ha).
The micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn) showed maximum increase with the application of organic manures along with inorganic fertilizers over control in both surface and sub surface layers of the soil. However, in the sub-surface soil, there was less availability of these nutrients than the surface layer of the soil. The available Zn content was found maximum in the treatment T9 getting 100% NPK + ZnSO4 @ 20kg/ha over control. The treatment T8 with the application of FYM @ 10 ton/ha recorded highest content of soil organic matter in surface soil. Positive and significant correlations were observed between soil organic matter and the micronutrient content of the soil. The INM practices proved very beneficial for increasing the sustainability of soil.