bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolomic analysis in Amycolatopsis keratiniphila disrupted the competing ECO0501 pathway for enhancing the accumulation of vancomycin
Authors: Chen Shuo , Rao Min , Jin Wenxiang , Hu Mengyi , Chen Daijie , Ge Mei , Mao Wenwei , Qian Xiuping
Published: October 2023

Vancomycin is a clinically important glycopeptide antibiotic against Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In the mutant strain of A.keratiniphila HCCB10007 Δeco-cds4-27, the production of ECO-0501 was disrupted, but enhanced vancomycin yield by 55% was observed compared with the original strain of A.keratiniphila HCCB10007. To gain insights into the mechanism about enhancement production of vancomycin in the mutant strain, comparative metabolomics analyses were performed between the mutant strain and the original strain A.keratiniphila HCCB1007 via GC-TOF-MS and UPLC-HRMS. The results of PCA and OPLS-DA revealed the significant distinction of the intracellular metabolites between the two strains during the fermentation process. 64 intracellular metabolites, which involved in amino acids, fatty acids and central carbon metabolism, were identified as differential metabolites. The high-yield mutant strain maintained high levels of glucose-1-phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate and they declined with the increases of vancomycin productions. Particularly, a strong association of fatty acids accumulation as well as 3,5-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and non-proteinogenic amino acid 3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (Dpg) with enhancement of vancomycin production was observed in the high-yield mutant strain, indicating that the consumption of fatty acid pools might be benefit for giving rise to 3,5-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and Dpg which further lead to improve vancomycin production. In addition, the lower levels of glyoxylic acid and lactic acid and higher levels of sulfur amino acids might be benefit for improving vancomycin production. These findings proposed more advanced elucidation of metabolomic characteristics in the high-yield strain for vancomycin production and could provide potential strategies to enhance the vancomycin production.
A short-cut methodology for the spatial assessment of the biochemical river quality
Authors: Fluri Paola Di , Talia Valentina Di , Antonioni Giacomo , Domeneghetti Alessio
Published: October 2023

The deterioration of superficial water quality is a relevant issue as regards water management. Today, most European rivers do not achieve qualitative standards defined by Directive 2000/60/EC (Water Framework Directive, WFD), while health status of many surface water bodies is still unknown. Within this context, we propose a new methodology to perform a semi-quantitative analysis of the pressure-state of a river starting from easily accessible data regarding the anthropic activities, thus attempting to overcome the endemic scarcity of monitoring records. This study proposes a procedure to: (i) evaluate the relative impact of different human activities; (ii) identify allocation points of different pollutant sources along the river by implementing a raster-based approach and (iii) determine a spatial biochemical water quality index. The developed index expresses the overall biochemical state of surface water induced by pollutant sources that may impact simultaneously on a single river segment, including establishments under so-called Seveso Directive, activities subjected to the IPPC-IED discipline, wastewater treatment plants and contaminated sites. The methodology has been tested over three rivers differently exposed to industrial and anthropogenic pressures: Reno, Enza and Parma rivers (Northern Italy). The comparison with monitored data offered convincing results, proving the consistency of the proposed index in reproducing the spatial variability of the river water quality. Although additional investigations are necessary, the developed methodology can represent a valuable tool to support decision-making processes and predictive studies in areas with no, or poor, water quality monitoring data.
Characterization of natural cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells in Cuban older adults
Authors: Hernández-Ramos Elizabeth , Marsán-Suárez Vianed , Casado-Hernández Imilla , Reyes-Zamora Mary Carmen , Heredia-Guerra Luis Felipe , Triana-Marrero Yenisey , Díaz-Domínguez Gabriela , Duarte-Pérez Yaneisy , Macías-Abraham Consuelo Milagros , Chang-Monteagudo Arturo
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The Cuban population has a high proportion of older adults and faces age-related changes in the immune system, known as immunosenescence. Natural killer T (NKT) cells and natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in innate inmunity and modulating adaptive immune responses. Their diminished function in older adults contributes to increased susceptibility to infectious diseases, tumors, and autoimmune diseases in this population group.
Objective: To characterize distribution of NKT and NK cells in Cuban older adults.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 30 Cuban older adults, considering age, sex and malignant neoplasm comorbidity as factors of influence on the values of NK and NKT. A linear regression model was used to analyze the data, as well as a two-tailed Mann-Whitney U test to compare independent samples. In addition, odds ratios were used as measures of effect. NK cells and NKT lymphocytes were quantified in peripheral blood using flow cytometry.
Results: In the studied populations of NK and NKT cells, age and sex did not show any significant differences. However, most cases exhibited values above the normal reference ranges, with the exception of one female patient. While no significant differences were found in the comparisons by sex and age, higher values of NK and NKT cells were observed in the group under 80 years old and in males. The adequate NK cell numbers in PB might be a protective factor against malignant neoplasms
Conclusions: NK and NKT cells play a fundamental role in the regulation of immune response and directly influence the impairment of immune response in older adults, age and sex showed no significant impact on NKT and NK cell counts and percentages. Nevertheless, the presence of adequate NK cell percentages might be a protective factor against malignant neoplasms.
Preoperative myosteatosis and prognostic nutritional index predict overall survival in older patients (aged ≥ 80 years) with resected biliary tract cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Utsumi Masashi , Inagaki Masaru , Kitada Koji , Tokunaga Naoyuki , Yunoki Kosuke , Sakurai Yuya , Okabayashi Hiroki , Hamano Ryosuke , Miyasou Hideaki , Tsunemitsu Yousuke , Otsuka Shinya
Published: October 2023

Background: Several studies have demonstrated the prognostic value of sarcopenia and the systemic inflammatory response in patients with cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of sarcopenia (myopenia and myosteatosis) and systemic inflammatory markers in older patients (aged ≥ 80 years) with resected biliary tract cancer.
Methods: Patients who underwent resection for biliary tract cancer between July 2010 and January 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Myopenia and myosteatosis, as indicated by the psoas muscle index and intramuscular adipose tissue content/modified intramuscular adipose tissue content, were measured on preoperative computed tomography. Associations between clinicopathological characteristics, inflammation-based prognostic scores, and overall survival were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Univariate analysis showed that a low C-reactive protein-to-albuminratio (< 0.125), a low prognostic nutritional index (< 42), a low modified intramuscular adipose tissue content, a high T-stage (T3–4), lymph node metastasis, and postoperative complications were associated with worse overall survival in older patients (aged ≥ 80 years) with resected biliary tract cancer (n = 48). A low prognostic nutritional index (< 42) (P = 0.007), a low modified intramuscular adipose tissue content (P = 0.015), a high T-stage (T3–4)(P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001), and postoperative complications (P = 0.017) were independent predictors of overall survival in multivariate analysis.
Conclusions: Preoperative myosteatosis and low prognostic nutritional index are independentprognostic factors for overall survival in older patients (aged ≥ 80 years) with resected biliary tract cancer. Preoperative myosteatosis and prognostic nutritional index may be useful for risk stratification and clinical decision-making. Early interventions, such as nutritional support and physical exercise, may improve outcomes after resection of biliary tract cancer.
Trial registration: Not applicable.
Hydromagnesite determination method based on Landsat8 and ZY1-02D data: A case study of the Jiezechaka Salt Lake in Tibet
Authors: Zhao Tianchen , Dai Jingjing , Zhao Yuanyi , Ye Chuanyong
Published: October 2023

Hydromagnesite is a natural carbonate mineral that is widely distributed, but large sedimentary hydromagnesite deposits with industrial exploitation value are rare globally. In China, hydromagnesite is mainly distributed in the salt lake area of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Because of the harsh environment, it is difficult to use the traditional method to search for ore. Remote sensing technology has been successfully applied to research skarn, pegmatite lithium-beryllium, porphyry-epithermal, salt lake lithium, magmatic nickel-chromium, and orogenic gold deposits; however, research regarding remote sensing determination of hydromagnesite from salt lakes is lacking. We determined the mineral composition and content of hydromagnesite samples in the Jiezechaka area by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the reflection spectral curve of the hydromagnesite samples was measured using an ASD FieldSpec4 short-wave infrared spectrometer. The analysis indicated three and seven absorption valleys with high and low absorption intensities, respectively, in the reflectance spectral curves of the hydromagnesite samples in the Jiezechaka area. Then, on this basis, we used Landsat8 OLI and ZY1-02D AHSI data, with the mixture tuned matched filtering (MTMF) method to extract hydromagnesite information around Jiezechaka Salt Lake in Tibet. A confusion matrix operation was used to compare the determination results of the two types of data. Among them, the overall accuracy of the extraction results based on Landsat8 data was > 67%, and the kappa coefficient was 0.668. The overall accuracy of the extraction results based on ZY1-02D data was > 72%, and the kappa coefficient was 0.743. Finally, using overlay analysis of the two kinds of data determination results, we concluded that hydromagnesite outcrops in the Jiezechaka area are mainly distributed in the northwestern and southeastern regions of the lake. This study provides a rapid assessment technique for measuring hydromagnesite information from salt lakes.
Identifying Stage-Specific Genes in Disease Progression using Transition Centrality on Disease Temporal Graphs
Authors: Sahu Shailendra , T. Sobha Rani
Published: October 2023

The search for biomarkers of diseases has traditionally involved analyzing disease data as a whole. But this approach has largely ignored the significance of disease progression at different stages. Acknowledging the fact that different genes may be responsible for disease progression in different stages, we have developed a novel approach to analyse the temporal graphs that employs a modified version of betweenness centrality, known as ''transition centrality''. Applying this measure to the stage-wise data of three common diseases, namely Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Human breast cancer, we identified successfully a set of genes that may be key players in disease progression. The findings reveal that stage-specific genes can be identified using transition centrality as the specificity of these genes in a particular stage was validated through an extensive review of the relevant literature. Remarkably, this analysis yielded a number of promising disease-related genes for each of the diseases that have been studied, such as RARA and NOS1 in Alzheimer's disease, LRRK2 in Parkinson's disease, and BRCA1, ACTB, TYMS, and many others in human breast cancer. Our results demonstrate that the transition centrality analysis can be utilized to identify stage-specific genes of diseases.
Electrochemical determination of fenuron herbicide in water environmental samples by electro-reduced graphene oxide sensor
Authors: Borges Pedro H. S. , Breslin Carmel B. , Nossol Edson
Published: October 2023

Fenuron (FEN) is a herbicide that acts as a weed growing inhibitor in crops. Due to its persistence and good solubility in water, its presence in water bodies is emerging as a concern for aquatic species. Herein, we propose a simple development of an electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sensor for the monitoring of FEN in water samples. The electrochemical determination of FEN showed the best performance in a 0.1 mol L− 1 NaCl solution (pH = 2.5). Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was performed using optimal parameters and resulted in two linear ranges (0.4–12 µmol L− 1 and 20 to 50 µmol L− 1) with high sensitivities of 6.83 and 1.9 µA µmol− 1 L, respectively, and a low LD of 0.34 µmol L− 1. Stability, reproducibility, and interference tests showed that rGO is sufficiently reliable to be used as a sensor of FEN in real samples. Spiked tap and canal water samples returned recoveries close to 100%, exhibiting no statistically significant difference when compared to a UV-Vis method by an average paired t-test, attesting the viability of the rGO modified electrode as a promising sensor of FEN in environmental water samples.
Research and Experiment on Repairing Damaged Jacket with Grouting Clamp Parametric Design Method
Authors: Zhang Bo , Lu Zheming , Wang Zhuo , Ma Hongwen
Published: October 2023

This article studies the development of local rod defects caused by collisions between offshore platform jackets and ships, and proposes a parameterized design method for grouting clamps. We use clamps to reinforce and repair the defective areas. The principle is to make the axial displacement at the defect section zero, and calculate the structural size of the clamp from the center of the local defect to both sides. A grouting clamp with adjustable length was designed and a bidirectional embedded wedge-shaped tooth block structure was built in to improve mechanical preload. By comparing damage conditions with different defect ratios, the reinforcement and repair effect of grouting clamps on locally damaged jacket was studied. The bearing capacity of the defective jacket members repaired by the clamps increased by up to 80%, indicating that the grouting clamps have strong repair ability.
Causal linkage of Graves’ disease with aging: Mendelian randomization analysis of telomere length and age-related phenotypes
Authors: Hu Jingwen , Zhang Jin , Liu Yingshu , Qin Jiahui , Bai Haixia , Qin Xiaosong
Published: October 2023

Background
Aging is an irreversible progressive decline in physical function. Graves' disease (GD) is a common cause of hyperthyroidism and is characterized by elevated levels of the thyroid hormone (TH). High TH levels are associated with aging and a shortened lifespan. The causal relationship between GD and aging is yet to be investigated.
Methods
We used genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal link between GD and aging. To assess the statistical power of instrumental variables (IVs), F-statistics and R2 were used. MR analysis was conducted using inverse-variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted modes. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI were calculated to estimate the relative risk of GD to the outcomes. The Cochran Q test, I2, MR-PRESSO test, and MR-Egger regression intercept were calculated using statistical and leave-one-out analyses to test the heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy, and stability of the IVs on the outcomes.
Results
The F-statistic of the five IVs were greater than 10, and the R2 values ranged from 0.033 to 0.156 (R2 > 0.01). According to the results of the IVW analysis, outcomes with no statistical differences were facial aging (p = 0.189), age-related macular degeneration (p = 0.346), and Alzheimer's disease (p = 0.479). There were significant statistical differences in the remaining outcomes: telomere length (TL) (OR = 0.982; 95%CI:0.969–0.994; p = 0.004), senile cataract (OR = 1.031; 95%CI:1.002–1.060; p = 0.033), age-related hearing impairment (OR = 1.009; 95%CI:1.004–1.014; p = 0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR = 1.055; 95%CI:1.008–1.103; p = 0.020), and sarcopenia (OR = 1.027; 95%CI:1.009–1.046; p = 0.004).
Conclusions
GD accelerates the occurrence of age-related phenotypes including TL, senile cataracts, age-related hearing impairment, COPD, and sarcopenia. In contrast, there are no causal linkages between GD and facial aging, age-related macular degeneration, or Alzheimer's disease. Further experimental studies could be conducted to elucidate the mechanisms by which GD facilitates aging, which could help slow down the progress of aging.
Targeting IL-1 controls refractory Pityriasis rubra pilaris
Authors: Schmauch Eloi , Severin Yannik , Xing Xianying , Mangold Aaron , Conrad Curdin , Johannsen Pål , Kahlenberg Michelle , Mellett Mark , Navarini Alexander , Nobbe Stefan , Sarkar Mrinal K. , Satyam Abhigyan , Tsoi Lam C. , French Lars E. , Linna-Kuosmanen Suvi , Kaikkonen Minna U , Snijder Berend , Kellis Manolis , Gudjonsson Johann E. , Tsokos George C. , Contassot Emmanuel , Kolios Antonios G. A.
Published: October 2023

Pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) is a rare inflammatory skin disease which lacks efficacious standard-of-care treatments. Molecular studies of skin lesions revealed that IL-1β is central to the pathogenesis of PRP. Treatment of three patients with the IL-1-targeting biologics anakinra and canakinumab resulted in rapid clinical improvement and reversal of the PRP-associated molecular signature. We identified an NF-κB-mediated IL-1β-CCL20 axis central to the inflammatory response in PRP. Our results reveal the central role of IL-1β signaling in the pathogenesis of PRP and highlights its prominence as a therapeutic target.
Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Angelica gluica in the Kumaon: Promising for High-Altitude Herbs Bioactive Compound Extraction.
Authors: Pandey Bharat
Published: October 2023

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) has emerged as an innovative and efficient method for extracting bioactive compounds from various botanical sources. This research paper focuses on the application of SFE to extract valuable bioactive compounds from Angelica gluica, a high-altitude Himalayan herb found in the Kumaon region. The study aims to explore the potential of SFE in obtaining medicinal compounds from Angelica gluica, highlighting its significance in pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications. The methodology includes optimization of extraction parameters such as temperature, pressure, and extraction time. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of SFE in yielding bioactive compounds from Angelica gluica and provide insights into their composition, bioactivity, and potential pharmaceutical applications. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on SFE and its role in extracting valuable compounds from high altitude Himalayan herbs, paving the way for future research and utilization of these natural resources.
Mapping the evidence about the natural history of acute infections commonly seen in primary care and managed with antibiotics: a scoping review
Authors: Boaitey Kwame Peprah , Bakhit Mina , Hoffmann Tammy
Published: October 2023

Background
Knowing the natural history of acute infections in primary care can inform clinicians’ and patients’ expectations about illness recovery, but this evidence is fragmented across the literature. This scoping review aimed to map and describe natural history evidence of acute infections and identify research gaps.
Methods
We searched MEDLINE, Embase and CENTRAL, using a hierarchical search approach, starting with identifying: i) systematic reviews synthesising natural history data for eligible conditions (acute respiratory, urinary, and skin and soft tissue infections) and ii) systematic reviews of treatment effectiveness (of RCTs with placebo or no treatment arm, or cohort studies), and iii) for conditions without reviews, primary studies (placebo-controlled RCTs or cohort studies). Two reviewers independently screened and extracted the data (study characteristics, outcome data - e.g., symptom duration, proportion with resolution at various time points).
Results
We identified 40 systematic reviews, reporting on 45 conditions, most commonly (90%) respiratory tract infections. Six (15%) of these aimed to synthesise natural history information. Most reviews reported the proportion of participants with symptom resolution at various time point/s, with 58% providing data on mean symptom duration. We found no eligible studies for cellulitis, ecthyma, carbuncle, and erysipelas.
Conclusions
Our review has shown that natural history evidence exists for many common infections. It can be utilised by clinicians in implementing patient-centred antibiotic stewardship strategies in primary care. Future research should focus on generating natural history evidence for skin and soft tissue infections and urinary tract infections.
Stochastic evolution model for international migration
Authors: Zantout Karim , Schewe Jacob
Published: October 2023

We present a new international migration model that combines stochastic sampling techniques with dynamic accounting of flows by means of evolution equations. Migration flows are sampled from paramaterized probability distributions based on reported migration flow data that is partitioned by socio-economic covariates. This method allows for non-trivial time evolution that goes beyond extrapolation, while requiring minimal prior knowledge about the elusive processes driving migration flows. It thus combines the advantages of different existing modeling approaches. In hindcasts our model compares well with bilateral migrant stock data in many world regions and country income groups. Moreover, we observe a significant difference between the full model and its deterministic formulation, which highlights the non-Gaussian and interdependent nature of migration flow distributions and corroborates the use of a stochastic approach. Our model can be flexibly extended with additional information, e.g. regional migration policies, which are expected to further improve the agreement with data.
Experimental analysis of carbon nanofibers reinforced epoxy adhesive bonded joints made with composite materials
Authors: Sahraei Masood , Boodaghei Hasan
Published: October 2023

Today adhesive joints with use of composite materials has many applications. Light weight, sealing capability, with high resistance to fatigue, all of the features of this unique connection that enables the designer to create a cost-effective connectivity. The aim of this project is to evaluate the adhesive strength of the one edge adhesive joints under impact and stretch loading and different thermal cycles. Epoxy (LY219, HY5161) is used as adhesive. Several studies in recent years show that adding a few percentages of Nanoparticles into the resin, can improve the mechanical and thermal properties to an acceptable level. This article examines the mechanical behavior of epoxy adhesive joints reinforced with nanoparticles of carbon nanofibers (CNFs). The amount of carbon nanofibers into the resin particles consists of 1%, 3% and 5% of the whole resin weight. Particles by hand stirring and ultrasonic devices are uniformly distributed within the resin. The composite adherend (binder) surfaces were prepared according to ASTM D2093-97. According to ASTM D3165-95, the properties of the reinforced adhesive in shear were obtained by tension loading of single lap joint specimens. Glass/polyester composite adherends are made with hand lay-up and sheet molding compound (SMC) methods. The results showed that the adhesive joints (hand lay-up and SMC) with 1% carbon nanofibers had the maximum strength in tensile loading and the highest values of Charpy impact energy, that for adherends made by hand lay-up method, this maximum value occurs in 5 and 0 thermal cycles respectively.
Medication Adherence: Gaining Insights on Patient-Reported Facilitators and Barriers
Authors: Abaka Mohith Kumar , Chinemerem Emelda Elechi , Rejimon Patric Manakuzhiyil , P.V Fasil Majeed , Ramesh Madhan , Chalasani Sri Harsha , Syed Jehath
Published: October 2023

Background: Evaluating patient-reported facilitators and barriers to medication adherence allows us to better understand patients' perceptions, which continue to be the root cause of medication nonadherence.
Objective: This study aimed to assess patient-reported facilitators of and barriers to medication adherence.
Methods: The principles of the concurrent method of triangulation were used for chronic disease patients aged ≥ 18 years who were hospitalized in a South Indian tertiary care teaching hospital. This six-month study used a semi-structured, pre-validated questionnaire for interviewing; responses were recorded to identify the reported facilitators and barriers. The patients were counselled, and the data collected were statistically analyzed categorically.
Results: A total of 431 patients were enrolled, and the majority [223 (51.7%)] were non-adherent to the medication. The barriers included forgetfulness, attitudes, misbeliefs, lack of follow-up and refilling, lack of social support, financial constraints, lack of accessibility to healthcare, improper rapport with healthcare professionals, lack of disease knowledge, complex dosage regimens, and adverse effects. Facilitators included regular refills, good social support, good rapport with healthcare professionals, and good access to healthcare and routines. The older age group of 71-80 years [OR 3.18 (95% CI, 1.27–7.91)], annual income (INR) of 3-5 Lakhs [OR 6.75 (95% CI, 1.26–36.03)], two or more number of past medications [OR 2.85 (95% CI, 1.75–4.66)], number of current medications (during hospitalization) being 6-10 [OR 4.10 (95% CI, 1.07–15.71)], number of disease conditions more than 3 [OR 9.19 (95% CI, 2.02–41.64)] and management of discharge medications by others than self [OR 2.93 (95% CI, 1.10–7.77)] were found to be significant predisposing factors.
Conclusions: This study provides a framework for research on medication non-adherence in patients with chronic disease by describing a set of predictors along with facilitators and barriers to medication adherence identified through patient-reported measures.
STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MUTANTS OF LAMINA ROD2 BDOMAIN
Authors:   Calcutta International School, 724 EM Bypass, Anandapur, VIP Nagar, Kolkata-700107., Sengupta Shriyadita , Sengupta Kaushik ,   Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, 1/AFBidhannagar, Kolkata-700064.
Published: October 2023

LaminAbelongstotypeVintermediatefilamentproteinfamilyandispresentinallmetazoan cells except plants. Lamins provide structural rigidity to the nucleus, tether thechromosomesandmaintainhomeostasisbyplayingdiverserolesinreplication,Transcription,andDNAdamagerepair.Overthelasttwodecadestherehasbeenatremendous impetus in the research involving laminsdue to the fact that an overwhelmingnumber of mutations have been uncovered in LMNA gene which leads to a plethora ofdiseasescollectivelytermedaslaminopathies.Laminopathicnucleiinthepatientsarecharacterizedbytheirmisshapennatureandfragilityduetoimproperlaminaformationunderneath the nuclear envelope. Almost 450 mutations of lamin A have been reported inpatients worldwide. This article uncovers the structural differences of Rod 2B R377L &R377C with respect tothe wild type.
ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF DOMESTIC WATER RESOURCES: CASE OF THE SAN-PEDRO RIVER AT THE FAYE HYDROELECTRIC DAM (SOUTHWEST COTE DIVOIRE)
Authors:   Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Jean Lorougnon Guede University, Research Scholar, Department of Environment., Marie Florence Kadjo Mmin , Seraphin Konan Kouakou ,   Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Jean Lorougnon Guede University, Research Scholar, Department of Environment., Georges Eblin Sampah ,   Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Jean Lorougnon Guede University, Research Scholar, Department of Environment., Alex Kouadio Zile ,   Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Jean Lorougnon Guede University, Research Scholar, Department of Environment., Herve Akaffou Franck ,   Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Jean Lorougnon Guede University, Research Scholar, Department of Environment., Kouakou Kouassi Lazare ,   Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Jean Lorougnon Guede University, Research Scholar, Department of Environment.
Published: October 2023

Surface waters are the most vulnerable to pollution and variations in the hydrological cycle. These waters are polluted by anthropogenic pollutants such as pesticides from agricultural activities and heavy metals from agro-industrial activities. The waters of the San-Pedro River reservoir at the Faye dam are expected to be used for the drinking water supply of the population of the city of San-Pedro. The objective of this study is to assess the chemical quality of the water in the San-Pedro River at the Faye dam based on the calculation method of the Water Quality Index (WQI). Thirteen (13) stations were sampled during the four (4) climatic seasons in 2021 and 2022. These seasons are: the large dry season (LDS), large rainy season (LRS), small dry season (SDS), and small rainy season (SRS). Chemical analyses were conducted on 27 physico-chemical and chemical parameters. The results of the Water Quality Index calculation indicate water unsuitable for drinking in all seasons. The quality of these waters is influenced by trace metal elements (TME) with average WQIavg, TME values of 1079.6 864.5 3007.6 and 3645.2 in LDS, LRS, SDS, and SRS, respectively. On the other hand, organic parameters have a less significant influence on the quality of this water, as evidenced by WQI values of 35.7 in LDS 53.9 in LRS 80.1 in SDS and 33.5 in SRS. Therefore, this water requires appropriate treatment before any use.
AN EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF EARLY MARRIAGE AMONG PUPILS ON LEARNER RETENTION PRIMARY SCHOOL EDUCATION IN KENYA, A CASE OF TURKANA COUNTY
Authors:   PhD Student Moi University., Pauline Akiru , Kanyiri Joyce ,   Lecturer, School of Education, Moi University., Kosgei Zachary ,   Lecturer School of Education, Moi University.
Published: October 2023

The Dakar Conference of 2000 evaluated development in attaining Universal Primary Education (UPE) within the continent of African. An EFA target was established that is eradicating gender inequality in primary schools within the year 2005 and by 2015 be able to attain gender impartiality.Despite all efforts by governments, retention of pupils in primary schools is a major challenge to most governments in the world and in sub-Saharan Africa in particular. Among other social â€“cultural factors, early marriage among primary school going learners have had a negative impact on the Free Primary Education policy since its re-introduction in 2003 in Kenya. The country faces 23% early marriage among girls and might be a contributor factor in low learner retention in the country especially in Turkana County which has so far had the lowest retention in the county with 7.8% compared to 79.6% nationally. The purpose of this study was to have an exploratory factor analysis to understand why this situation has been experienced within the FPE policy in Kenya. The findings establishedthat girls are married early by young and old men who can afford paying dowry, payment of dowry has driven many girls to early marriage, and majority of early marriages are done according to the traditions of the community. It concluded that early marriage is predominant among the pastoralist communities in ASAL regions in Kenya and has had tremendous influence on learner retention in primary school education contributing negatively to the implementation and success of FPE policy.
DEVELOPMENT OF A VITAL SIGNS MONITORING DEVICE FOR HOSPITAL PATIENTS WITH MICROCONTROLLERS
Authors: da Silva Cristo Neto Laertes , Claudio Pacheco Seixas Luis , Mark Lobo de Oliveira Jean , Augusto da Paz Elleres Pablo
Published: October 2023

This study analyzes the impact of microcontroller applications in healthcare, exploring its various facets, from cardiac monitoring by electrocardiography to the transmission of medical data via telemedicine. Through a comparative analysis and tracking of the monthly growth in the use of microcontrollers, we demonstrate how these programmable electronic devices are revolutionizing modern medicine, improving diagnostic accuracy, treatment efficiency, and patients quality of life.
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND DRYING TIME ON QUALITY REDCHILI POWDER (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.)
Authors:   Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Indonesia., Hayati Rita , Rahmawati Marai ,   Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Indonesia., Ramadhiny Wahyu ,   Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Indonesia.
Published: October 2023

Red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is an essential horticultural commodity for the human. However, its freshness level is difficult to maintain so it cannot last long. An alternative to this problem is to process it into powder through the drying process so that it has a long shelf life. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of drying temperature, drying time, and the interaction between the two on the quality of red chili powder. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University from May to June 2023. The study used a Completely Randomized Design 3x3 factorial pattern with 3 replications, there were 9 treatment combinations, 27 experimental units. The first factor is drying temperature with 3 levels (60, 65, and 70ËšC) and the second factor is drying time with 3 levels (20, 23, and 26 hours). Observation parameters included yield, water content, vitamin C content, capsaicin content, ash content, fat content, color measurement and organoleptic test. The results showed that drying temperature had a very significant effect on yield, water content, vitamin C content, capsaicin content, ash content, fat content, color, and organoleptic test. The best temperature was 60ËšC. Drying time has a very significant effect on yield, water content, vitamin C content, capsaicin content, ash content, fat content, and color (a and b) and has a significant effect on color (L) and organoleptic test (smell). The best drying time is 20 hours. There is a very significant interaction between temperature and drying time on yield, moisture content, capsaicin content, ash content, and organoleptic test (aroma) and there is a significant interaction on vitamin C content, color (L), and organoleptic test (texture). The best treatment combination of temperature 60ËšC with a drying time of 20 hours.
DEVELOPMENT OF A TOOL TO CALCULATE THE WATER QUALITY INDEX USING SPATIAL MODELING
Authors:   Shebin El Kom Faculty of Eng., Menoufia University, Cairo, Egypt., A. El-Shekh Mahmoud , A. Saad Samy ,   National Water Research Center, Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation, Cairo, Egypt., E. Helal Essam ,   Shebin El Kom Faculty of Eng., Menoufia University, Cairo, Egypt., R. Mohamed Mahmoud ,   National Water Research Center, Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation, Cairo, Egypt., R. Ali Neveen ,   National Water Research Center, Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation, Cairo, Egypt.
Published: October 2023

Water quality is crucial for balancing water demand and availability, and ensuring it meets human and environmental needs is essential for sustainable development. This study developed a Water Quality Index calculating tool (Arc G-WQI) using spatial modeling to determine subsurface water type and suitability for various purposes. The tool was developed using Python Programming Language and Model Builder for Esri ArcGIS desktop 10.6. Arc G-WQI allows secure and structured storage of data from analyses of field-collected samples in a geodatabase and accelerates WQI computation, allowing faster and more accurate classification. A case study was conducted to validate the tools applicability in assessing groundwater quality. Groundwater samples were collected from 85 sites in the Ismailia Canal in the eastern Nile Delta. The Arc G-WQI-Tool stored WQ data in a geodatabase and created thematic information layers which are then utilised to create maps displaying water quality parameters distribution. Next, the groundwater quality index (WQI) was computed and a map of the WQI was created. According to the outcomes, groundwater in the southern and western parts of the research area is classified as good water appropriate for a variety of uses. However, groundwater in the research areas northeastern parts is classified as very poor water and could be used to cultivate salt-tolerant plants. The study concluded that the spatial tool can be a reliable technique for monitoring and managing groundwater quality in the water supply system.
IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG COVID-19 SURVIVORS IN SELECTED AREAS OF SOUTH INDIA
Authors:   Principal, Sri DevarajUrs College of Nursing, Kolar., Vijayalakshmi G. , M.S. Radha. ,   Vice Principal, M S Ramaiah Institute of Nursing Sciences, Bangalore., Jayan Arya ,   B.Sc (N) Students. Sri DevarajUrs College of Nursing, Kolar., P.R Athira ,   B.Sc (N) Students. Sri DevarajUrs College of Nursing, Kolar., P.V Athira ,   B.Sc (N) Students. Sri DevarajUrs College of Nursing, Kolar., P. Methew Bency ,   B.Sc (N) Students. Sri DevarajUrs College of Nursing, Kolar., K.N Beeresha ,   B.Sc (N) Students. Sri DevarajUrs College of Nursing, Kolar., Kouser Neha ,   B.Sc (N) Students. Sri DevarajUrs College of Nursing, Kolar., Kumar Nivya ,   B.Sc (N) Students. Sri DevarajUrs College of Nursing, Kolar., a Pavithra ,   B.Sc (N) Students. Sri DevarajUrs College of Nursing, Kolar., b Priyanaka ,   B.Sc (N) Students. Sri DevarajUrs College of Nursing, Kolar., c Ellamma ,   B.Sc (N) Students. Sri DevarajUrs College of Nursing, Kolar.
Published: October 2023

Background: Corona virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first detected in December2019 in Wuhan, Chinaand World Health Organization declared COVID-19 pandemic on 11 March 2020 as it affect more than 200 countries globally. Covid-19 pandemic caused profound changes across the world, even on day today activities of lives of the survivors. Hence the present study is an attempt to unravel the impact of COVID-19 on quality of life among COVID-19 survivors. Objectives:To explore post physical, psychological and social wellbeing among COVID-19 survivor with and without co-morbidity and association between Quality of Life of COVID-19 survivors with selected Socio-demographic Variables. Method: A non-experimental, exploratory survey research approach was used for the present study. Ethical clearance was obtained from institutional ethical committee of Sri DevarajUrs College of Nursing, Kolar. Through non-probability Snowball sampling techniques, 191 COVID 19 survivors who full filled the inclusion criteria were selected andassessed through 36-Item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire on Quality of Life (QOL). Results:Study revealed that, majority (69%) of COVID 19 survivors had fair quality of life, 6% of them were having good quality of life and 25% of them were having poor quality of life. The study concluded that, even though COVID-19 survivors had good social health, they were having fair physical health and poor psychological health. Conclusion:Psychological impact of covid-19 pandemic calls for planning of counselling services to improve mental health among COVID-19survivors.
A REVIEW ON DEVELOPMENT OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN INDIA
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry, D.S.N. PG College Unnao., Srivastava Akanksha
Published: October 2023

Energy generation and environmental conservation are the twin issues arising from exploitative interaction of humans with natural resources. Excessive utilization of coal and oil for energy generation lead to the multiple environmental problems. In the current scenario the global energy needs can only fulfill by adopting non conventional sources of energy.The present review deals with efforts and achievements of India to develop sustainable, efficient and cleaner energy resources not only in urban but also in rural areas .India has always shown its willingness in leadership to ï¬ght climate change. Presently, India is worlds third renewable energy producer with 40% of energy capacity in installed in the year 2022 (160 GW of 400 GW) coming from renewable sources.Ernst & Youngs (EY)2021 Renewable Energy Country Attractiveness index(RECAI) ranked India third behind USA and China. In November 2021. India had a renewable energy capacity of 150 GW consisting of solar (48.55 GW), wind (43.03 GW) hydro power (51.34 GW) and Biomass (10.62 GE). India has committed for a girl of 500 GB renewable energy capacity by 2030. The countrys vision is to achieve Net Zero Emissions by 2070.
ELECTRON TRANSPORT IN GRAPHENE BASED NANOTRANSISTOR AND USE OF NEGATIVE CAPACITANCE FOR STEEPER SUB-THRESHOLD SLOPE
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India., B. Awale Rahul
Published: October 2023

Graphene has demonstrated tremendous promise in recent years as a material that, in the future, could replace silicon-based materials because of its exceptional electrical transfer characteristics. The diffusive MOSFETs suffer from short channel effects caused by their shorter channels, however graphene has numerous unusual features. The strongest material yet tested, Graphene exhibits a significant and nonlinear diamagnetism, has great mobility at room temperature, a low atomic thickness, a high current density, and is almost transparent. A single sheet of carbon atoms organized in a hexagonal lattice makes up graphene, an allotrope form of carbon. It is a semimetal with little short channel effects overall and little overlap between the valence and conduction bands. The Graphene nanoribbon has been incorporated into the ballistic nanotransistor as its channel and differentiate it form the diffusive one.In this review , I have presented the report on the survey of Nanotransistor . It has been divided into three sections : (1) Ballistic transport in Nanotransistor (2) Modelling of GNRFET (Graphene Nano-ribbon FET) using NEGF (Non-equilibrium Greens function) (3) Using ferroelectric capacitance into FET to reduce its sub-threshold regime below 60 mV/decade.The purpose of this review is to understand charge carrier transport phenomenon in the Nanotransistor. This includes the description about the ballistic nanotransister and differentiate it form the diffusive one. The NEGF allows us to characterizing its transfer characteristics in the real lattice space.Also the Id-Vd, sub-threshold regime , log(Id)-Vg , transmission coefficient and their application to drastically enhance the device performance for low energy digital electronics are being studied and modeled. Furthermore, the negative capacitance due to FE (ferroelectric layer) in FET will enhance the switching speed of FET and reduce the sub-threshold swing (SS) below 60 mV/decade which is impossible in case of traditional MOSFET. Thus, improving ION/IOFF ratio for low power digital devices.
RIGHTOF PEOPLE AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN JOHN RAWLS PHILOSOPHY:PRESUPPOSITIONS OF THE RULE OF LAW IN AFRICA
Authors:   Departement de Philosophie, Faculte des Sciences de lHomme et de la Societe, Universite de Lome Lome-Togo., Possoli Kodjovi , Tonyeme Bilakani ,   Departement de Philosophie, Faculte des Sciences de lHomme et de la Societe, Universite de Lome Lome-Togo.
Published: October 2023

Is there something like a social function of justice, organizing, alongside politics, our relationship to reality and constituting a minimum standard of action in society?John Rawls answered this question with his theory of justice where principles are presented as necessary substrates for well-ordered societies. This can be formulated the question of the relationship between justice presented as the first virtue of social institutions and the idea of the inviolability of the human person. (J. Rawls, 1997, p. 29).To the question of what link can be established between the law of nations and the notion of human rights, we hypothesize that the opening of the principles of justice to relations between societies allows an indiscriminate implementation of fundamental human rights beyond the borders of democratic societies.This is why the objective of this contribution is to analyse the possibility of a rule of law in Africa from the Rawlsian theory of the law of nations in the perspective of an institutional patriotism.
Investigation of the effects of oclacitinib maleate on clinical improvement and serum cytokine levels in dogs with atopic dermatitis
Authors: KATANALP ÖMER FARUK , KOÇHAN AKIN
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study was to present allergens involved in the etiology of atopic dermatitis (AD) in dogs, to determine and classify the clinical severity of the disease using the CADESI-4 and pruritus scores, to investigate changes in serum cytokine levels in dogs with AD and their relationship with clinical findings, and to investigate the effects of oclacitinib maleate on clinical improvement and serum cytokine levels. The material of the study consisted of 20 dogs diagnosed with AD and 10 healthy dogs. CADESI and pVAS scores were obtained from the patients, and blood samples were taken. Hematological analyses, specific allergen tests (polycheck), and ELISA analyses were performed. Oclacitinib maleate (Apoquel, Zoetis) was administered orally to the patient dogs at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg twice a day for 7 days. It was found that the most common allergens involved in the etiology of AD in dogs were house dust mites type 1, house dust mites type 2, and mold fungi, and the mean CADESI and pVAS scores for clinical findings such as pruritus, alopecia, erythema, and lichenification in dogs with AD were 48 and 5.15 respectively. When compared to the control group, an increase in the percentage of eosinophils (p < 0.05) and a decrease in serum IL-2 and IL-4 levels (p < 0.05) were detected. When compared to other groups, it was found that the mean serum IL-4 levels (p < 0.05) were low and IL-13 levels (p < 0.05) were high in the group with severe clinical findings. It was determined that the use of oclacitinib maleate resulted in clinical improvement and caused an increase in the mean serum IL-2 levels (p < 0.05) and a decrease in IL-31 and IL-33 levels (p < 0.05). Oclacitinib maleate (Apoquel, Zoetis) was found to be an effective and reliable drug that can be used in the treatment of the disease, but it was concluded that the duration of use should be extended.