bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Content and structure of the educational discipline "Gymnastics with teaching methods" for the preparation of applicants 017 "Physical culture and sports
Authors: Kravchuk Y. I. , Sotnyk Z. G. , Romanova V. I.
Published: February 2024

The educational discipline "Gymnastics with teaching methods" is a mandatory component in most educational programs for bachelors in the specialty "Physical Culture and Sports". Its study involves solving the tasks of fundamental professional training of specialists in the field. Future trainer’s master theoretical and practical material, skills of the future profession, learn to properly organize and conduct educational and training sessions.

The article states that gymnastics is one of the basic sports, the basis of the initial training of athletes, the most accessible and popular sport, an effective means of corrective influence.

Highlighted tasks, competencies and learning outcomes; the program of the academic discipline indicating the number of lectures, practical hours and independent work.

Tasks of the training course: familiarization with the history of the development of gymnastics and the methodology of its teaching; mastering the content, forms, methods and means of education by the students; formation of knowledge, abilities and skills in basic gymnastic exercises; formation of knowledge on the methodology of teaching gymnastic exercises, organization and conduct of gymnastics classes.

The content of the working curriculum reflects the features of the educational and professional training program for those seeking higher education, the availability of the appropriate material and technical base and gymnastic equipment; innovative learning technologies; popularization of gymnastics sports. The availability of qualified specialists in gymnastics, a sports base, the demand for conducting sports and health classes in gymnastics according to new formats for the population requires improvement of the content of the training of physical culture and sports specialists.
Characteristics of morphofunctional indicators of athletes-swimmers
Authors: Kruk Mykola , Odnovorchenko Ihor , Kuryllo Tetyana , Tsud Inna , Ostroglyad Andriy , Ishchenko Sergiy
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes the peculiarities of the morphofunctional indicators of athletes-swimmers, since the structure of sports activity and its implementation are primarily determined by the morphofunctional characteristics of the athlete's body, therefore the components of the body's functional readiness for such activities are also considered.

Morpho-functional indicators are indicators used to assess the physical development of an athlete, such as parameters of body length and weight, proportions of the development of individual parts of the athlete and the level of development of the functional abilities of the athlete's body, namely, vital capacity of the lungs, muscle strength of the hands, development musculature and muscle tone, posture, musculoskeletal system, development of the subcutaneous fat layer. The level of functional readiness is determined using such functional tests as Rufier, Stange, Genchi, as well as various tests and indices.

They are closely related to physical performance and the level of the athlete's biological condition in a certain period of time. The state of these indicators depends both on the body's natural vital forces and on its body structure.

Highly qualified swimmers, in terms of their anthropometry and morphofunctional indicators, differ significantly not only from representatives of other types of sports and cycling, in particular, but also have differences, according to swimming specialization, that is, according to those distances and those methods of sports swimming in which the athlete competes, and this ultimately affects their swimming performance.

In addition, various aspects of the dynamics of changes in anthropometric and morphofunctional indicators of both young swimmers and adult athletes according to age periods and stages of their training are presented.
Formation of health-saving competence of future physical recreation specialists and teachers of health basics on the basis of interdisciplinary integration
Authors: Omelchuk Olena , Bilyk Valentyna , Knish Svitlana
Published: February 2024

The article deals with the problem of forming health-saving competence in future physical recreation specialists and health education teachers on the basis of interdisciplinary integration. Health and physical activity are important aspects of the overall well-being of society, so it is important to train qualified professionals who are able to promote and develop a healthy lifestyle among students and the public. The purpose of the article is to highlight the problem of forming the health-saving competence of future physical recreation specialists and teachers of health basics. Main tasks: to carry out a content analysis of literary sources on this problem, to consider ways of forming health-saving competence of future specialists in physical recreation and teachers of health basics on the basis of interdisciplinary integration. Conclusions The formation of health-saving competence in future physical recreation specialists and health education teachers can be achieved through interdisciplinary integration. This approach allows combining knowledge of physical recreation with the basics of health, which contributes to the development of a comprehensive understanding of health and a healthy lifestyle. herefore, it is important to implement an integrated approach to education through the use of interdisciplinary links, as only on the basis of interdisciplinary integration, using the base and scientific potential of fundamental biomedical and natural science disciplines, future specialists in the field of physical culture and sports - physical recreation specialists and teachers of health basics - will be able to acquire competencies that will allow them to holistically solve professional and practical tasks of health promotion and acquire health promotion competence.
Hygienic assessment of gaming conditions in the context of studying health risk factors for video game players
Authors: Podrіgalo L. , Piatysotska S. , Zhernovnikova Y. , Poltoratska H.
Published: February 2024

The article investigates the impact of regular engagement in computer games on the health of young individuals. Survey results indicate that players encounter issues with the musculoskeletal system and visual analyzer, including muscle pain, headaches, numbness, and spasms. An analysis of psychophysiological and social aspects reveals that esports athletes face not only physical problems but also psychological stress. Identified psychological issues include mood decline, anxiety, and irritability. The authors identify key health risk factors for esports athletes, such as high gaming frequency and duration, signs of computer dependency, lack of specialized equipment and furniture, consumption of stimulating substances during gaming, sedentary lifestyle, and sleep disturbances. The research underscores the importance of preventive measures and raising awareness of health risks among computer game players. The findings emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach to the well-being of this demographic, addressing both physical and mental aspects. The study contributes valuable insights into the multifaceted challenges associated with regular computer gaming, providing a foundation for developing strategies to mitigate potential health risks. Implementing preventive measures and fostering an understanding of the risks involved are crucial for promoting the health and well-being of individuals engaged in computer gaming activities.
Modeling of assessment criteria of physical fitness of sports radio direction finders at the stage of specialized basic training
Authors: Synigovets Vasyl , Synigovets Larisa I.
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the article: to determine the dynamics of constructed mathematical models of indicators of physical fitness of sports radio direction finders at the stage of specialized basic training based on the results of pedagogical control. The methodology of the process of developing evaluation criteria of physical fitness of athletes from radio direction finding is based on the use of mathematical models for analysis, description and forecasting of their parameters. The process of modeling the evaluation criteria of physical fitness included the following stages: definition of the goal and tasks; selection of motor tests; choice of methods; building a model; checking its effectiveness; optimization and correction of the model; terms of use. The scientific novelty consists in the development of means and methods of physical training, the determination of data on the dynamics of the development of general and special motor qualities, the construction of models for evaluating the results of motor testing of young radio direction finders based on regression analysis, which allows modeling the relationship between the dependent variable (Y – evaluation points on the DCOLIFK scale and independent variables (X₁, X₂, ... Xn – quantitative results of motor testing). Assessment of the adequacy of the built models during the pedagogical experiment was carried out according to the coefficient of determination (R2). Conclusion. Constructed models of the dependence of the score on the DCOLIFK scale and the quantitative indicators of motor testing allowed for their interpretation, which includes the consideration of each regression coefficient and the assessment of their influence on the dependent variable, the optimization of the constructed models was carried out in order to determine the influence of each independent variable on Y, forecasting the level physical training based on the results of motor testing.
Theoretical analysis of the physiological and technical aspects of jumping from a trampoline within the limits of skiing
Authors: Shynkaruk Victor , Sobko Oleksandr
Published: February 2024

Skiing, and especially ski jumping, is characterized by high intensity and a high level of technical complexity. The presented scientific study is devoted to a detailed analysis of the physiological and technical aspects of ski jumping within the scope of skiing. The main goal of this study is to highlight the features of the functional training of athletes and to analyze the key technical elements that are of decisive importance for the successful performance of this specific discipline.

The article pays considerable attention to the importance of physiological training as a necessary factor for achieving high results in this demanding sport. A detailed overview of the technical aspects that affect the quality and performance of ski jumping is also provided. A deep understanding of the relationship between physiological performance and technical skills in this field can lead to decisive conclusions.

The obtained research results can play a significant role in improving the quality of training programs and training systems for athletes in the field of skiing. This will contribute not only to increasing the efficiency of jumping from the ski jump, but also to ensure an increased level of safety for athletes who are engaged in this exciting discipline.
School Leaders’ Leadership Practices and Their Influence on Crisis-Related Problem-Solving and Decision-Making: A Multi-Site Case Study
Authors: Saiful Azlan Othman , Mohd Burhan Ibrahim , Mohammad Johdi Salleh , Suzana Suhailawaty Md Sidek
Published: February 2024

This study explores how the leadership practices of school leaders influence their ability to solve problems and make decisions effectively in times of crisis. It employs a qualitative research design where a series of semi-structured interviews were carried out with six secondary school leaders, ages 55 to 59, from three different education district offices (Pejabat Pendidikan Daerah or PPDs) in a northern Malaysian state. Each participant has at least 30 years of experience in education and has served in the position of school leader for at least three years. From the thematic analysis of the interview data, four leadership practices on problem-solving and decision-making during crises were identified, i.e., providing guidance and direction; inspiring and empowering; collaborative problem-solving and decision-making; and adopting a service-oriented approach, which is an eclectic approach to leadership. The findings highlight the critical importance of strategic problem-solving and decision-making in overcoming challenges faced by schools. It also highlights how effective leadership ensures the resilience and success of a school, its community, and relevant stakeholders by fostering a supportive and collaborative environment, promoting proactive problem-solving, and prioritising service to students and staff during crisis. This research provides valuable insights for school leaders and policymakers seeking to enhance leadership effectiveness in crisis management.
Elevating Solo City’s Brand Through The Essence of Javanese Script into Modern Typeface
Authors: Ghazali Ahmad , Murtono Taufik
Published: February 2024

Surakarta city or more popular with Solo has a memorable branding tagline that suit the condition of the city, “The Spirit of Java” it has potential to be true being the “spirit” of Java so it needs a bit strength to make it real. Gain more strength and using the authentic aset of Solo for the visual identity and easy to recognize identity through the typography as the main purpose of this reasearch, so the researcher use qualitative method as the tool to gathered the information that can translated into words and visual for the typography by did a few steps such as interviews, literature study, and visual study. The result of this study shows us that typography has a big power to give emphasize and make it more recognizable when it applies to visual branding.
Signage & Wayfinding Design For The Indonesian National Library
Authors: Calista Helena , Hananto Brian Alvin , Wijaya Ade Maradhona Shantio
Published: February 2024

Signage and wayfinding is one of the components of Environmental Graphic Design that is used to help people feel safe and comfortable when navigating, particularly for individuals in heavily crowded locations. The Indonesian Nasional Library (Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia), recognized as the world's tallest library, comprises 24 floors filled with various services and amenities that cater to the community's interests and consistently attract many visitors. Hence, signage and effective wayfinding are indispensable in accommodating users in their library activities. The framework of this design process is established based on the pyramid method by Chris Calori & David Vanden-Eynden, with additional methods by the execution of conceptual designs, mind mapping, and the formulation of keywords. The authors aspire to contribute a signage and wayfinding design proposal that optimizes usability, resolves navigation challenges, and enhances the user experience at The Indonesian National Library.
Neuromarketing; Its Significance in the Marketing World
Authors: Akbar Shabana , Akbar Neelam , Yousuf Maira
Published: February 2024

Neuromarketing allows marketers to profoundly engage with consumers' latent cognitive processing processes to elicit the desired response. Marketing's more complicated phenomenon is pricking the brain's touch spots to accelerate customer response. To determine how neurons in the human mind work in accordance with marketing principles, this conceptual paper aims to answer three questions: the significance of neuromarketing in the marketing world; the impact of neuromarketing on consumer buying behaviour; and the assessment of neuromarketing with conventional marketing techniques considering previous research. This study reveals the systematic literature review. According to neuro-marketing literature, marketers need automated tools to understand human cognitive processes and build customized market offerings for their target clientele. Because customers are ignorant of their goals, automatic response devices and methodologies can help investigate the neurons of the mind responsible for buying actions in consumer purchasing behaviour. Neuroscience and marketing collaborated to create these automated research tools to study human emotions that influence purchases.
Need of Guidance and Counselling Framework for Improvement of Students' Learning Outcomes
Authors: Bhutto Qamar Zaman , Zafar Jam Muhammad , - NaeemUllah
Published: February 2024

The study aimed to identify the need of guidance and counselling framework for achieving improved learning outcomes in public sector secondary schools in Larkana. The teachers use corporal punishment to students for achieving academic results. This study determines how learners in public secondary schools in Larkana conceptualized the function of GC in academic achievement. We recruited 167 learners in this paper. The qualitative as well as quantitative method was adopted. The findings showed that most of the students were unaware of the counselling services' availability, they hardly ever used them. The study concluded that secondary schools in Larkana division faced a dearth of proper guidance and counselling framework. According to conclusions, the School Education and Literacy Department Sindh should implement a proper framework of Guidance and Counselling framework.
Evaluation of Stochastic Gradient Descent Optimizer on U-Net Architecture for Brain Tumor Segmentation
Authors: Purwono Purwono , Mangkunegara Iis Setiawan
Published: February 2024

A brain tumor is a type of disease that is quite dangerous in the world. This disease is one of the main causes of human death and has a high risk of recurrence. There are several types of brain tumor locations such as edema, necrosis to elevation. Segmenting the location of this disease is important to do to support faster recovery efforts. The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm, which is part of the deep learning method, can be an alternative to this segmentation effort. The U-Net architecture is part of the CNN algorithm which specifically works on medical image segmentation. This study experimented to build a special U-Net architecture for medical image segmentation that had been optimized with SGD. The data used is BraTS2020O which contains a collection of MRI data. This optimization aims to improve the performance of the U-net architecture for segmenting brain tumor images. The results of the study show that the SGD optimization carried out has succeeded in providing better performance than previous studies. This can be seen from the performance value obtained at 0.9879. This accuracy value indicates an increase in accuracy from previous studies. High accuracy indicates that the SGD-optimized model has good segmentation prediction performance.
Evolution, Design, and Future Trajectories on Bipedal Wheel-legged Robot: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Mansor Zulkifli , Irawan Addie , Abas Mohammad Fadhil
Published: February 2024

This comprehensive review delves into the realm of bipedal wheel-legged robots, focusing on their design, control, and applications in assistive technology and disaster mitigation. Drawing insights from various fields such as robotics, computer science, and biomechanics, it offers a holistic understanding of these robots' stability, adaptability, and efficiency. The analysis encompasses optimization techniques, sensor integration, machine learning, and adaptive control methods, evaluating their impact on robot capabilities. Emphasizing the need for adaptable, terrain-aware control algorithms, the review explores the untapped potential of machine learning and soft robotics in enhancing performance across diverse operational scenarios. It highlights the advantages of hybrid models combining legged and wheeled mobility while stressing the importance of refining control frameworks, trajectory planning, and human-robot interactions. The concept of integrating soft and compliant mechanisms for improved adaptability and resilience is introduced. Identifying gaps in current research, the review suggests future directions for investigation in the fields of robotics and control engineering, addressing the evolution and terrain adaptability of bipedal wheel-legged robots, control, stability, and locomotion, as well as integrated sensory and perception systems, microcontrollers, cutting-edge technology, and future design and control directions.
Identification and Control of Epidemic Disease Based Neural Networks and Optimization Technique
Authors: Abougarair Ahmed J. , Elwefati Shada E.
Published: February 2024

Developing effective strategies to contain the spread of infectious diseases, particularly in the case of rapidly evolving outbreaks like COVID-19, remains a pressing challenge. The Susceptible-Infected-Recovery (SIR) model, a fundamental tool in epidemiology, offers insights into disease dynamics. The SIR system exhibits complex nonlinear relationships between the input variables (e.g., population, infection rate, recovery rate) and the output variables (e.g., the number of infected individuals over time). We employ Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) to model the SIR system due to their ability to capture sequential dependencies and handle time-series data effectively. RNNs, with their ability to model nonlinear functions, can capture these intricate relationships, enabling accurate predictions and understanding of the dynamics of the system. Additionally, we apply the Pontryagin Minimum Principle (PMP) based different control strategies to formulate an optimal control approach aimed at maximizing the recovery rate while minimizing the number of affected individuals and achieving a balance between minimizing costs and satisfying constraints. This can include optimizing vaccination strategies, quarantine measures, treatment allocation, and resource allocation. The findings of this research indicate that the proposed modeling and control approach shows potential for a comprehensive analysis of viral spread, providing valuable insights and strategies for disease management on a global level. By integrating epidemiological modeling with intelligent control techniques, we contribute to the ongoing efforts aimed at combating infectious diseases on a larger scale.
MARALIXIBAT IN RAT PLASMA AND ITS PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES (BIO-ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION BY LC-MS)
Authors: Pachipulusu Shravya , Merugu Karunasree , Kurnool Aravind
Published: February 2024

The bio-analytical method development of Maralixibat using Elobixibat as an internal standard is a convenient, fast, accurate, and consistent new LC-MS technique and was validated. The present work explains the development of the LC-MS/MS bio-analytical method by RP-18(150x4.6 mm, 3.5µ) column and a binary mixture(0.1% formic acid & methanol) of organic mobile phase in the ratio 60:40. By using liquid-liquid extraction process, these drugs are removed from rat plasma. The linearity in the standard curve was observed under the experimental concentration range. 10%-200% (6-12ng/ml) of Maralixibat. The calibration plots were linear with a regression coefficient of R2> 0.999. Precision, Accuracy, Stability results, and Matrix effect were observed within the acceptable limit. The method is more accessible and effective for analyzing the sample in the body fluids. The work represents that Specificity, Suitability, Accuracy, and linearity parameters ideally agree with the USFDA guidelines and are efficiently practiced in rat plasma for pharmacokinetic studies
Development of Cultural and Faith Tourism in SCO and Turkic States: Uzbekistan's Potential and the Exemplary Turkish Case
Authors: Bedir Ömer
Published: February 2024

This article treats Turkish tourism sector's recent changes, focusing on its increasing relationships with the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) countries and Turkic states. The paper examines Turkiye's efforts to expand its tourism partnerships beyond its traditional European allies and emphasizes its cooperation with SCO member countries such as Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. Furthermore, it underlines Turkey's efforts to revive the ancient Silk Road—particularly through the "Middle Corridor" plan—in an effort to increase Turkic states' cultural, economic, and tourism collaboration. Cultural and religious tourism in the Turkic states is highlighted, with a particular emphasis on Turkiye and Uzbekistan. The paper concludes with practical proposals to further develop cultural and faith tourism, i.e. effective promotional campaigns, cheap flights, and visa-free travel. Generally, the article provides a thorough overview of Turkiye's ever expanding tourism sector as well as its strategic efforts to promote significant cooperation within the SCO region.
Sota- ja kriisiverokirja : sotien ja muiden poikkeusolojen vaikutukset verotukseen
Authors: Linnakangas Esko , Isotalo Kalle
Published: February 2024

Veroja on kerätty kautta historian sotimiseen ja sotien välttämiseen mutta myös sotakorvausten ja muiden sotaseurausten rahoittamiseksi. Tässä tutkimuksessa selvitetään, millaisia vaikutuksia sodilla ja muilla poikkeusoloilla on ollut ja yhä on verojärjestelmäämme. Tutkimus alkaa Ruotsin vallan ajasta. Sen jälkeen tarkastellaan Venäjän vallan aikaa (1809–1917). Suomen itsenäisyyden ensimmäisten vuosikymmenten osalta keskitytään seuraaviin sotiin ja muihin kriiseihin: I maailmansota ja Suomen sisällissota, suuri lama ja pula-aika 1930-luvun alussa sekä II maailmansota. Myöhemmältä ajalta tarkastellaan erityisesti seuraavia kansainvälisiä ja kansallisia tapahtumia: öljykriisit ja ns. hätätila 1970-luvulla, Suomen talouslama 1990-luvun alussa, taloustaantuma 2007–2009, korona 2020-luvun alussa sekä vuonna 2022 alkaneet Venäjän hyökkäyssota Ukrainaan ja energiakriisi. Tutkimuksen kohteena ovat kaikki verot (mm. tuloverot ja varallisuusverot sekä yleiset ja erityiset kulutusverot). Teoksessa tarkastellaan myös puolustus- ja sote-menojen, valtionvelan ja verotason kehitystä sekä rauhan tekemistä ja turvaamista. Verotusmenettelyä ja poikkeusolojen vaikutusta siihen selvitetään tutkimuksen loppuosassa, joka painottuu menneisyyden sijaan nykypäivään ja tulevaisuuteen.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF HEALTH LEVELS AT BANK NEO COMMERCE & BANK JAGO
Authors: Nur Aliftiani Novia , Firdaus Muhammad , Supeni Nely
Published: February 2024

Bank is a business entity that collects funds from the public in the form of savings and distributes them to the public in the form of credit and/or other forms in order to improve the standard of living of the people at large. Based on Indonesia Bank Regulation Number 13/1/PBI/2011, the soundness level of a bank is analyzed using the Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings, Capital (RGEC) method. This study aims to determine the soundness of Neo Commerce Bank and Jago Bank and their comparisons in 2019 – 2021 using the RGEC method. This research is comparative research. The data taken is secondary in the form of the annual financial reports of Neo Commerce Bank and Jago Bank for 2019 – 2021. The assessment in this study uses the Non Performing Loan (NPL) ratio, Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Self Assessment, Return On Assets (ROA), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). The results showed that the soundness level of banks using the RGEC method at Neo Commerce Bank and Jago Bank in 2019-2021 both received Composite Rating 2 (PK-2) and entered the Healthy category.
INFLUENCE OF COMPENSATION, WORK DISCIPLINE, WORK MOTIVATION, WORK LOYALTY AND WORK ENVIRONMENT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT PIZZA HUT RESTAURANT IN JEMBER CITY
Authors: Anggita Wardani Vanesha , Sulaksono Hary , Hidayah Tamriatin
Published: February 2024

This research aims to see the influence of compensation variables, work discipline, motivation, loyalty and work environment on employee performance in Pizza Hut Jember restaurant. The data collection method is carried out through questionnaires. Samples taken from the entire existing population or using saturated samples. The data analysis method used is Multiple Linear Regression analysis, hypothesis testing using the t test and F test. The results obtained in this research are that partially the compensation and work discipline variables do not have a significant effect on employee performance. For motivation variables, employee loyalty and work environment have a significant effect on employee performance. Simultaneously all variables influence employee performance. The implication that can be formulated from the results of this research is that leaders at the PIZZA HUT Jember resort should formulate policies regarding compensation, rules and regulations regarding work discipline in order to encourage good performance for their employees. Apart from that, maintaining or even increasing motivation, increasing loyalty and improving the work environment in order to maintain and improve employee performance.
Using the wavelet transform to process data from experimental studies of the discontinuous plastic deformation effect
Authors: Chechulina Evgeniia , Trusov Peter , Gerasimov Roman , Vildeman Valeriy , Tretyakov Mikhail
Published: February 2024

Vast number of theoretical and experimental works has been devoted to the study of discontinuous plastic deformation (the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect), which manifests itself for most widely used alloys in certain ranges of both temperatures and strain rates. Due to the statistical nature of this phenomenon, difficulties arise in processing, qualitative analysis and quantitative comparison of test results and calculations. Using of statistical methods for these purposes makes it possible to get only some averaged characteristics of the obtained data (usually - moments of the first and second orders in amplitudes and frequencies). A possible alternative for processing of experimental and theoretical results of this effect research is wavelet analysis using. The results of experimental studies of the Portevin–Le Chatelier effect, realized during the deformation of thin-walled tubular specimens made of aluminum alloy AMg6M at certain strain rates at room temperature are presented. Diagrams of deformation under uniaxial tension, shear, proportional and disproportionate loading of specimens were obtained. The inhomogeneity of strain fields and their rates is shown, illustrating the manifestation of the Portevin – Le Chatelier effect under conditions of complex loading of thin-walled tubular specimens made of AMg6M alloy. A brief overview of existing methods and means of non-destructive testing is presented that make it possible to non-contactly record the spatial heterogeneity of plastic yielding. Some possibilities of using the wavelet transform to process certain types of non-monotonic stress-strain diagrams obtained for the specimens made of the aluminum alloy in question are discussed. Using wavelet analysis, a compact presentation of data from field experiments in the form of amplitude-frequency characteristics was obtained. The scalograms analysis of specimen loading diagrams was carried out.
Metastability, adiabatic shear bands initiation and plastic strain localization in the AMg6 alloy under dynamic loading
Authors: Sokovikov Mikhail , Uvarov Sergey , Simonov Mikhail , Chudinov Vasiliy , Naimark Oleg
Published: February 2024

New conception of adiabatic shear bands (ASB) and adiabatic shear failure mechanisms are proposed as special type of critical phenomen, structural-scaling transition, in the ensembles of microshears, governed by the characteristic non-linearity (metastability) of stored (free) energy of solid with mesodefects.  Corresponding free energy release kinetics provides experimentally observed ASB induced staging of plastic strain localization and transition to adiabatic shear failure. ASB staging follows to collective properties of microshears ensemble given by the self-similar solutions of evolution equation providing spatial-temporal microshears localization, momentum transfer and damage localization. The criticality of ASB induced plastic strain localization and failure allows us to avoid the discrepancy in the interpretation of ASB effects as thermo-plastic instability in the balance of the stored energy and structural DRX transformation. The microshear ensemble is considered as the second phase and initiation of collective modes provide different staging according to the metastability decomposition and ASB scaling properties following to the self-similar solutions. Self-similar nature of microshears collective modes providing the ASB dynamics is analyzed as the mechanism of steady plastic wave front unversality in shocked materials. The dynamic split Hopkinson pressure bar tests were conducted with AlMg6 alloy combined with “in-situ” imaging of temperature kinetics by CEDIP Silver 450M high-speed infrared camera with conclusion of the secondary role of thermoplastic instability at the ASB staging. The microstructural study performed by an electron microscopy revealed the correlated behavior of the ensemble of defects, which can be classified as a structural transition and precursor of ASB induced strain localization and failure. The modeling reflecting the links of self-similar solutions in microshear ensembles with relaxation properies and damage localization was applied for the comparative analysis of ASB staging and temperature dynamics given be the infrared imaging.
Genetic Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease Alters Perceived Executive Dysfunction in Cognitively Healthy Middle-Aged and Older Adults
Authors: Evans Sarah A. , Paitel Elizabeth R. , Bhasin Riya , Nielson Kristy A.
Published: February 2024

Background:

Subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) may be an early indicator of future cognitive decline. However, findings comparing SCC and objective cognitive performance have varied, particularly in the memory domain. Even less well established is the relationship between subjective and objective complaints in non-amnestic domains, such as in executive functioning, despite evidence indicating very early changes in these domains. Moreover, particularly early changes in both amnestic and non-amnestic domains are apparent in those carrying the Apolipoprotein-E ɛ4 allele, a primary genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Objective:

This study investigated the role of the ɛ4 allele in the consistency between subjective and objective executive functioning in 54 healthy, cognitively intact, middle-aged and older adults.

Methods:

Participants ( Mage = 64.07, SD = 9.27, range = 48–84; ɛ4+ = 18) completed the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe) Executive Dysfunction Scale (EXECDYS) to measure subjective executive functioning (SEF) and multiple executive functioning tasks, which were condensed into a single factor.

Results:

After accounting for age, depression, and anxiety, objective executive functioning performance significantly predicted SEF. Importantly, ɛ4 moderated this effect. Specifically, those carrying the ɛ4 allele had significantly less accurate self-awareness of their executive functioning compared to ɛ4 non-carriers.

Conclusions:

Utilizing an approach that integrates self-evaluation of executive functioning with objective neurocognitive assessment may help identify the earliest signs of impending cognitive decline, particularly in those with genetic risk for AD. Such an approach could sensitively determine those most prone to future cognitive decline prior to symptom onset, when interventions could be most effective.
An Augmented Reality-Based Proving Ground Vehicle-in-the-Loop Test Platform
Authors: Weiguo Liu , Zhiyu Xiang , Aixi Yang , Guodong Li , Zixu Wang
Published: February 2024

One of the biggest challenges in validating the electronic equipment of vehicles is finding suitable methods for virtual testing and simulating real-world scenarios as accurately as possible. Although computer simulations are safe and reproducible, there are significant simulation-to-reality gaps, making safety testing within simulations unreliable. Due to the lack of Precise sensor and traffic models, The data generated through simulation appears to be relatively realistic, still cannot replicate all the details of the real world. In this study, we propose to construct a secure and reliable assessment and validation platform by leveraging the combination of augmented reality technology and vehicle-in-the-loop simulation technique, which is called augmented reality-based proving ground vehicle-in-the-loop test platform. The method aims to combine real-world and virtual testing, making it easier and safer to test autonomous vehicles in critical scenarios while optimizing the validation process. Our proposed system offers an improved approach by combining simulated sensor data with real sensor data collect to generate augmented reality scenario data, which include AR based BUS sensor, AR based camera and AR based Lidar, providing more precise data support for the perception and decision-making processes of autonomous vehicles. In summary, the above-mentioned method provides a more comprehensive and accurate way of simulating scenarios, which can help improve the performance and safety of autonomous vehicles in the real world. Finally, we demonstrate the broader implications that such a simulation paradigm may have for autonomy, specifically showing how realistic sensor simulation can improve perception performance.
Assessment of Sustainability of Taxi Services in Manila Using a Modified Fuzzy Evaluation for Life Cycle Integrated Sustainability Assessment (FELICITA)
Authors: Buloron Kiomit Manny G. , Dela Cena Anne Nicole R. , Cueto Geoffrey L.
Published: February 2024

Sustainability Assessment is an essential process that guides the decision-makers to the most sustainable option. In the case of the Philippine transportation sector, one of the rising transportation systems is the different ride-hailing services. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the overall sustainability of the taxi service operation in Manila and propose improvements for the system’s development. This assessment is performed using a modified Fuzzy Evaluation for Life Cycle Integrated Sustainability Assessment (FELICITA). Sustainability indicators are identified as the basis for a sustainable transport system. The data gathered is prepared as inputs to undergo the fuzzy inference system. Based on the threshold values from existing literature/standards, MC taxi, RH taxi, and traditional taxi are not sustainable. The main weakness of the MC taxi service lies in the social aspect, while the main weakness of the RH and traditional taxi is in the economic aspect.
Assessment of Methods to Estimate the Level of Service on Third-Class Roads
Authors: Flores Adriana , Suarez Raul , Sanchez Alex
Published: February 2024

This study evaluates four methods to estimate the level of service for third-class highways through an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) comparative matrix. The four methods are: i) Speed and Intensity Relation Method, ii) Highway Capacity Manual, iii) Invias Method, and iv) Percent Time-Following. A field inspection was performed to obtain highway data, such as the geometric characteristics of the road, vehicle volume, and vehicle speed. Considering this data and the corresponding methodologies of each method, the level of service of the highway is obtained. Results indicate a level of service of D in each method. The AHP comparative matrix is used to decide which method is the most adequate based on precision, time that takes to obtain the result (speed of response) and cost. Results indicate that the most appropriate method for estimating the level of service is the speed intensity relation method, mainly due to the low data required to estimate the LOS, making it a low-cost, and low-effort method to be conducted.
Draft Guidance for Industry Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Becker Muscular Dystrophy, and Related Dystrophinopathies – Developing Potential Treatments for the Entire Spectrum of Disease
Authors: McDonald Craig , Camino Eric , Escandon Rafael , Finkel Richard S. , Fischer Ryan , Flanigan Kevin , Furlong Pat , Juhasz Rose , Martin Ann S. , Villa Chet , Sweeney H. Lee
Published: February 2024

Background:

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and related dystrophinopathies are neuromuscular conditions with great unmet medical needs that require the development of effective medical treatments.

Objective:

To aid sponsors in clinical development of drugs and therapeutic biological products for treating DMD across the disease spectrum by integrating advancements, patient registries, natural history studies, and more into a comprehensive guidance.

Methods:

This guidance emerged from collaboration between the FDA, the Duchenne community, and industry stakeholders. It entailed a structured approach, involving multiple committees and boards. From its inception in 2014, the guidance underwent revisions incorporating insights from gene therapy studies, cardiac function research, and innovative clinical trial designs.

Results:

The guidance provides a deeper understanding of DMD and its variants, focusing on patient engagement, diagnostic criteria, natural history, biomarkers, and clinical trials. It underscores patient-focused drug development, the significance of dystrophin as a biomarker, and the pivotal role of magnetic resonance imaging in assessing disease progression. Additionally, the guidance addresses cardiomyopathy’s prominence in DMD and the burgeoning field of gene therapy.

Conclusions:

The updated guidance offers a comprehensive understanding of DMD, emphasizing patient-centric approaches, innovative trial designs, and the importance of biomarkers. The focus on cardiomyopathy and gene therapy signifies the evolving realm of DMD research. It acts as a crucial roadmap for sponsors, potentially leading to improved treatments for DMD.
Alleviating Stress in Parkinson’s Disease: Symptomatic Treatment, Disease Modification, or Both?
Authors: Goltz Franziska , van der Heide Anouk , Helmich Rick C.
Published: February 2024

Psychological stress, a state of mental strain caused by mentally or physically threatening situations, plays a significant role in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Motor symptoms worsen during acute stress and common non-motor symptoms in PD, such as anxiety and depression, are linked to chronic stress. Although evidence in humans is lacking, animal models of PD suggest that chronic stress can accelerate dopaminergic cell death. This suggests that stress-reducing interventions have not only symptomatic, but perhaps also disease-modifying effects. Our objective was to identify the most promising strategies for stress-reduction in PD and to analyze their potential value for disease-modification. An unstructured literature search was performed, primarily focusing on papers published between 2020–2023. Several large clinical trials have tested the efficacy of aerobic exercise and mindfulness-based interventions on PD symptoms. The evidence is promising, but not definitive yet: some exercise trials found a reduction in stress-related symptoms, whereas others did not or did not report it. In the majority of trials, biological measures of stress and of disease progression are missing. Furthermore, follow-up periods were generally too short to measure disease-modifying effects. Hence, mechanisms underlying the intervention effects remain largely unclear. These effects may consist of attenuating progressive neurodegeneration (measured with MRI-markers of substantia nigra integrity or cortical thickness), or a strengthening of compensatory cerebral mechanisms (measured with functional neuroimaging), or both. Lifestyle interventions are effective for alleviating stress-related symptoms in PD. They hold potential for exerting disease-modifying effects, but new evidence in humans is necessary to fulfill that promise.
The Role of Targeted Radiation Therapy in the Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Lee Albert , Runcie Karie D. , Yu James B.
Published: February 2024

Over the past decade, innovations in radiation technology and technique have led to the increasing use of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. We provide an overview of SBRT and review the role of SBRT for treatment of localized and oligometastatic RCC. We also provide a brief overview of the current state of knowledge with regards to the combination of SBRT and novel systemic agents commonly used in the treatment of RCC. As outcomes from trials investigating SBRT mature, showing excellent efficacy and tolerability, it is likely that SBRT use will continue to increase in future years.
A Brief Overview of Quantum Advances and Impact on Economics
Authors: Bresson Emmanuel
Published: February 2024

This paper provides an overview of the economic impact of quantum technologies. The goal is not to be exhaustive but rather to describe an up-to-date panel of stakes, challenges and figures that remains accessible to non-expert readers who wish to understand the priorities of the so-called quantum revolution. In a first part, the paper reminds the fundamentals of quantum physics (though not entering into technical details). Then in section 2, the benefits of different quantum technologies are challenged and/or illustrated. Section 3 puts in light the main steps that are required in order to economically benefit from the quantum; three axis are identified: education of skilled people, strategy for innovation ecosystem, and standardization. Section 4 concludes by giving some figures on funding efforts made by countries around the world and by pointing out some limitations to overcome.
An empirical study on the role of leadership development program and its impact on entrepreneurial activities
Authors: Chaitanya Gorli , Bastray Tejaswini , Hiremath Sony , Gondesi Santhoshi , Jada Kameswari , Ramesh Palisetty , Bhavikatti Veena I. , Boddeda Omnamasivaya
Published: February 2024

Organizations support leadership development training programs to continuously improve the level of leadership competence and the supply of suitable applicants for leadership roles. One of the skills that entrepreneurs should cultivate to become “leaders” is leadership competency. In entrepreneurship, leadership has a significant role. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the role of leadership development programs that include personal development, self-assessment, team management, strategic leadership, skilled knowledge, and relationship development, to know the way they influence entrepreneurial activities. To test the hypothesis under study, this research applies the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) approach to the data being gathered from 365 employees and managers of entrepreneurial business firms in India. The obtained results show that personal development, skilled knowledge, and relationship development have a beneficial impact on entrepreneurial activities. In contrast, self-assessment, team management, and strategic leadership are found to have no beneficial impact on entrepreneurial activities. The combination of the ideas of leadership and entrepreneurship is suggested in this study, filling the gap in the previously provided cross-sectional data of the literature.
Measuring and Managing Healthcare Supply and Demand in Real-Time
Authors: Keshavjee Karim , Marcus Jonathan , Doherty Ryan , Khatami Alireza , Arslan Faiza , Guergachi Aziz
Published: February 2024

Measuring the supply and demand for access to and wait-times for healthcare is key to managing healthcare services and allocating resources appropriately. Yet, few jurisdictions in distributed, socialized medicine settings have any way to do so. In this paper, we propose the requirements for a jurisdictional patient scheduling system that can measure key metrics, such as supply of and demand for regulated health care professional care, access to and wait times for care, real-time health system utilization and provide the data to compute patient journeys. The system is also capable of tracking new supply of providers and who does not have access to a primary care provider. Benefits, limitations and risks of the model are discussed.