bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preliminary examinations aiming at confirming presence of human blood in biological traces by means of mRNA analysis
Authors:   Nicolaus Copernicus University, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Gorzkiewicz Marta , Grabowska Małgorzata ,   Nicolaus Copernicus University, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Grzybowski Tomasz ,   Nicolaus Copernicus University, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz
Published: June 2021

The aim of the project was to develop a specific and at the same time economical method for detecting human blood in biological traces based on analysis of haemoglobin mRNA with use of PCR reaction in real time and non-specific SYBR Green detector. The test, which has eventually been developed enabled simultaneous analysis of melting curves for three fragments of various lengths: HBB61, HBA197 and HBB503, as well as an additional reference gene: mRNA β-actin. A definite identification was possible already for 0,1 μl of blood. The method is tissue and species specific. The analysed mRNA markers are characterized by high stability, as compared to haemoglobin detected by standard methods. The result of mRNA profiling shows the predictive value as regards quality of genetic material and occurrence of mixture of liquids. Results of analyses performed during the project indicate potential usefulness of HBB and HBA1 markers in routine forensic genetic examinations. However, it is necessary to carry out a broader spectrum of validation experiments, and particularly to analyse a larger number of actual biological casework and precisely determining an optimal quantity of RNA and identifying ontogenetic differences in the levels of expression.
Examination of Terrorist Incident Scene – more questions than answers
Authors:   Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Kwiatkowska-Wójcikiewicz Violetta
Published: June 2021

Terrorist attacks are a challenge both to rescue services and law enforcement authorities because of the scale of the problems they bring about. Such scenes are particularly susceptible to contamination, which crime scene examination teams aim at avoiding. In the article crime scene examination of terrorist character were analysed against “seven golden questions” that every investigator should ask himself.
New challenges in the area of disaster victim identification
Authors:   Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police, Frankowski Adam , Łukomska Agnieszka ,   Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police
Published: June 2021

The article focuses on the subject of examining the scene of disaster or terrorism-related offence as well as victim identification. It includes a summary of the fifth edition of the International Scientific Conference “Crime Scene” that took place in Gdańsk from 26 to 27 April 2017. The participants recommended the directions to be taken with a view to ensuring the appropriate use of DVI (Disaster Victim Identification) resources. With respect to on-scene activities, the article emphasizes the need to abide by international standards that are compatible with the Interpol DVI Guide. Crisis management procedures applicable in Poland, governing the activities of state services, with particular regard to the role of the police, are quoted herein. Additionally, the article discusses the initiative of the Maltese Presidency concerning international cooperation in DVI matters, which has been included in the European Council conclusions on the creation of an informal network of experts competent in the field of Disaster Victim Identification. Intensified activities at the international level, which can be perceived as a response to numerous terrorism-related threats observed over recent decades, can lay the foundation for establishing a Disaster Victim Identification team in Poland.
MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) nitrate – an atypical salt form or a new trend in the drug market?
Authors:   Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police, Bachliński Robert , Galarda Małgorzata ,   Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police
Published: June 2021

The article presents a case involving an appearance of an atypical 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in the form of nitrate on the illicit drug market. This compound can be identified only by using such analytical methods as capillary electrophoresis (CE) or scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which are not routinely applied to forensic analyses of this type of substances. Therefore, particular caution should be exercised whenever a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method unambiguously identifies a substance, yet infrared spectroscopy fails to confirm this result.
Improvised firearms in the collection of the Forensic Laboratory, Voivodeship Police Headquarters in Kraków and the Department of Forensic Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University — towards a systematics
Authors:   Forensic Laboratory, Voivodeship Police Headquarters in Kraków, Kudełka Sławomir , Konopka Tomasz ,   Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum
Published: June 2021

Despite a very large variety of improvised firearms, repeatability of certain actions of the manufacturers can be observed, reflecting the purpose to which such weapons are produced (e.g. poaching), and the availability of appropriate technologies. The aim of this article is to make an attempt to systematize improvised firearms on the basis of the expert opinions elaborated at the Weapon Research and Ballistics Department of the Voivodeship Police Headquarters in Kraków (LK KWP) as well as studies carried out on weapons belonging to the collection of the Department of Forensic Medicine (ZMS) in Kraków. Research material included both primitive devices made by using simple methods and without concern for accuracy or aesthetics, as well as fine-tuned pieces with individual design solutions or copies of factory-made weapons. Improvised firearms can generally be divided into conversions and own designs. The conversion most frequently applies to alarm, gas or pneumatic weapons. It consists in removing factory safety mechanisms or, in the case of pneumatic weapons, in introducing technical modifications, which enable to blast off the cartridge and discharge the projectile by means of gas pressure arising during combustion of the propellant. Own designs may contain certain factory elements, most frequently the barrel, however, in most cases, they are manufactured from scratch. Improvised firearms, even those without the original elements, typically use ammunition with projectiles or, in some cases, the so called blank ammunition converted into live ammunition by adding projectiles.
Deliberate causing a catastrophe or its direct danger in road traffic. Controversy as regards the legal qualification of the crime
Authors:   Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Pawelec Kazimierz J.
Published: June 2021

Causing a catastrophe in road traffic or the direct danger of its occurrence by deliberate misconduct has been a subject of disputes in both judicature and in science. In principle it was excluded that such a catastrophe or its immediate danger might be committed purposefully, with a direct intent, unless it involved a criminal offense, such as a terrorist attack that might consist in a multiple manslaughter, diversion or sabotage. On the other hand, committing the said offenses intentionally, but just with a prospective intent, consisting essentially in the ability of anticipation of the outcome and consenting to it in practice, occurred rarely and has not been excluded but conditioned by occurrence a few factual circumstances that required conducting a reasoning process. This problem is discussed in the hereby article, which presents difficult and controversial issues, occurring not only in the Polish law. It presents the basic issues in the process of recognising the statutory signs of the crime of causing a catastrophe and its immediate danger, the subject matter of the identified offenses, their subject party and the coincidences of the law. It signals the existence of numerous difficulties of evidential nature with regard to determining guilt of a perpetrator who is not always a road user, even though linked with it indirectly. These considerations may be particularly useful for practitioners dealing with such types of crime, including criminal prosecution of traffic accidents.
Lumicyano – fluorescent cyanoacrylate
Authors:   Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police, Rogoża Ewa , Rogoża Katarzyna ,   Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police
Published: June 2021

Lumicyano is a new reagent used to reveal fingermarks on non-porous and semi-porous surfaces. It can be applied in trace visualization process instead of cyanoacrylate and fluorescent dyes (in the case of nonabsorbent surfaces) or cyanoacrylate and dactyloscopic powders (in the case of semi-porous surfaces). Fingerprints are revealed in the traditional cyanoacrylate fuming chambers. The present work, the effectiveness of Lumicyano was investigated, in comparison to previously used sequences of laboratory techniques, i.e. cyanoacrylate + Basic Yellow 40 and cyanoacrylate + Black Ruby dactyloscopic powder.
Cooperation of public services at the scene of Szczekociny railway catastrophe on 3rd March, 2012
Authors:   Polish Police Headquarters, Baczyński Grzegorz
Published: June 2021

The article presents the cooperation of the National Fire Brigades, Medical Services and the Police at the scene of the biggest railway catastrophe during a few dozen years. The accident occurred on 3rd March, 2012 in Szczekociny (Poland). Several public services of various ranges of competence performed their duties with an aim of achieving common aims such as: aiding surviving victims, securing the scene and physical evidence, as well as restoring the state from before the catastrophe. A short description of the situation during that evening and recollection of the course of action shows in this tragic context not only the effort and tremendous work of the services but also the areas that still require additional attention such as, for example, isolating the scene, setting up a media point or communication between services at the incident scene.
Induction of memories and psychological criteria of assessing credibility of testimony
Authors:   High School of Economics and Innovation (WSEI) in Lublin, Sitarczyk Małgorzata
Published: June 2021

The phenomenon of false memory induction is one of the most difficult problems in psychological assessment for legal purpose and in the evaluation of testimony against the psychological criteria of credibility. Induction as discussed here was defined as a psychological phenomenon. The mechanisms which led to induction were identified, including the role of emotions, suggestions, lies, memory processes, and motivations for giving testimony. The process of induction was characterised by the by the consideration of the following criteria for assessing the credibility of testimony, i.e. its stability, structure, inclusion of details in the description of the situation and context and the use of spontaneous corrections. The analyses relating to induction were presented in the context of interviewing victims of sexual harassment.
Cognitive Interview
Authors:   Koźmiński University, Witewska Maria
Published: June 2021

The article aims at presenting the topic of cognitive interview (CI) taking into account its advantages and disadvantages, as well as the usefulness of its application in Polish law enforcement during pre-trial proceedings. Due to the wide application of this method of questioning, mainly in countries with the common law judicial systems, it is worth considering which of the achievements of combined science and practice from Western Countries may be adapted in Poland. Are there any contraindications to conduct interviews by means of this method? If not, the question arises – what benefits it can bring to Polish practice.
Laïcité et maintien de la paix dans l’espace francophone subsaharien : le cas du Mali et du Burkina Faso
Authors: Djagba Yenteme
Published: June 2021

La multiplication des attaques terroristes en Afrique francophone en particulier au Mali et au Burkina Faso, révèle l’insuffisance d’une stratégie de lutte antiterroriste uniquement basée sur la réponse militaire et interroge sur l’impact de la laïcité dans le maintien de la paix. En tant que principe de gouvernance et d’organisation de l’État, la laïcité proclamée par les constituants du Mali et du Burkina Faso, est censée permettre à ces pays d’assurer librement leurs fonctions régulatrices et identitaires afin de mieux répondre aux besoins des citoyens. Aussi, sa violation constatée dans le fonctionnement des institutions politiques, expliquerait en partie les crises dans ces régions et leurs répercussions sur d’autres États de l’Afrique de l’ouest. A cet égard, la fragilité du Mali et du Burkina Faso au niveau socio-économique favoriserait l’implantation des groupes terroristes, facilitée parfois par le fait que l’islam y reste une religion très influente dans la vie sociale comme politique. Ainsi, c’est la question générale de la bonne gouvernance qui se pose en réalité même si elle ne devrait pas occulter celle de la pertinence civilisationnelle du principe de laïcité, appliqué à des sociétés africaines organisées suivant des logiques ethniques ou confessionnelles au-delà de la pertinence des arguments théoriques et juridique qui en font un outil pacificateur.
Les opérations francophones de lutte contre le terrorisme : l’exemple du G5 Sahel
Authors: Touré Jabir
Published: June 2021

Resté longtemps en marge des opérations de paix, l’espace francophone s’est réveillé brutalement par des agressions internes de la part des groupes armés djihadistes qui essaient de mettre en cause l’intégrité territoriale et la forme laïque des pays du Sahel. Deux groupes terroristes déstabilisent la zone : le Groupe de Soutien à l’Islam et aux Musulmans (GSIM) dirigé par le touarègue malien Iyad Ag Ghaly, et l’État Islamique au Grand Sahara (EIGS) dirigé par Adnane Abou Walid al-Sahraoui (du Sahara occidental). Ainsi, et pour lutter contre ces groupes terroristes et narcotrafiquants, cinq pays du Sahel (Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritanie, Niger et Tchad) ont créé, le 16 février 2014 à Nouakchott, le G5 Sahel. C’est une organisation intergouvernementale qui est composée de 5000 hommes issus desdits cinq pays, appuyés par les forces françaises de l’opération Barkhane, et dont deux missions essentielles lui ont été assignées : la sécurité et le développement. L'initiative a reçu le soutien de la France et de la Communauté internationale à travers l’Alliance pour le Sahel, la Coalition pour le Sahel, l’Union Européenne (UE), l’Union Africaine (UA), la Communauté Économique des États de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (CEDEAO) et l’Organisation des Nations Unies (ONU) à travers la Mission Multidimensionnelle Intégrée des Nations Unies pour la Stabilisation au Mali (MINUSMA). Mais elle peine toujours à atteindre sa pleine capacité opérationnelle, encore moins à produire des résultats satisfaisants. Pire encore, les djihadistes ont étendu leur zone d’influence et remporté des victoires décisives contre les armées nationales et leurs partenaires de l’opération Barkhane et de la MINUSMA. Ainsi, l’année 2019 fut la plus meurtrière en vies humaines (civils et militaires). Par contre, depuis le début de l’année 2020, et plus précisément après le Sommet de Pau le 13 janvier 2020, le rapport de force s’est renversé sur le terrain, grâce à une montée en puissance des forces nationales et une bonne coordination entre elles et Barkhane. Afin d’appuyer les forces armées du G5 Sahel, treize États d’Europe et d’Afrique ont lancé, le 27 mars 2020, la « Task Force Takbua ». Une opération militaire composée uniquement des éléments européens et qui est intégrée dans l’opération Barkhane. Cependant, le manque des ressources (financières et humaines) suffisantes et des matériels adéquats, une méfiance mutuelle entre États, des priorités divergentes entre les différents acteurs sur le terrain et l’instabilité sociopolitique de certains pays clés, nuisent à la pérennisation et à la consolidation des avancées majeures enregistrées ces derniers temps.
FACTORES DE RIESGO PARA PREECLAMPSIA EN UN HOSPITAL GENERAL DE ICA, PERÚ.
Authors: YBASETA-MEDINA JORGE , YBASETA-SOTO MARJORIE , OSCCO-TORRES OLINDA , MEDINA-SARAVIA CARLOS
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre factores de riesgo para preeclampsia en pacientes atendidas en el Hospital Santa María del Socorro (HSMS) de Ica, Perú de 2017 a 2019. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Se tomó como población y muestra a todas las gestantes atendidas por trastornos hipertensivos gestacionales. Se utilizaron medidas descriptivas y se aplicó pruebas estadísticas chi cuadrado con p≤ 0,005. Resultados: Se asistieron 246 gestantes con enfermedad hipertensiva gestacional, la mayoría con edades entre los 20-35 años (n=226; 91,87%), convivientes con sus parejas (n=165; 67,07%), con estudios secundarios culminados (n=103; 41,87%), sin antecedentes familiares de preeclampsia (n=231; 93,90 %), multíparas (n=98; 39,84 %), con seguimiento prenatal (n=49; 19,92%), y debut hipertensivo posterior a las 30 semanas (n=165; 67,07%). Predominaron los IMC inferiores a 35 Kg/m2 (n=195; 79,27 %); y antecedentes personales negativos a Hipertensión crónica (n=226; 91,87%), Diabetes Mellitus (n= 233; 94,72 %) o Embarazos múltiples (n=195; 79,27 %). En el grupo de gestantes, como riesgo ambiental solo se encontró asociación significativa entre las edades maternas y la preeclampsia (X2=9,75; p<0,05). Los antecedentes personales de hipertensión arterial crónica, nuliparidad, obesidad, y presencia de embarazo múltiple presentaron asociación estadística significativa con la presencia de preeclampsia (p><0,05). Conclusiones: La presencia de preeclampsia en gestantes del Hospital Santa María del Socorro de Ica se asocia predominantemente a factores de riesgo maternos como la edad materna, edad gestacional, antecedentes familiares de preeclampsia, Hipertensión Arterial Crónica, obesidad, embarazo múltiple y diabetes mellitus pregestacional. Palabras clave: Hipertensión Inducida en el Embarazo; Preeclampsia; Factores de Riesgo (Fuente: DeCS BIREME).>=9,75; p<0,05). Los antecedentes personales de hipertensión arterial crónica, nuliparidad, obesidad, y presencia de embarazo múltiple presentaron asociación estadística significativa con la presencia de preeclampsia (p<0,05). Conclusiones: La presencia de preeclampsia en gestantes del Hospital Santa María del Socorro de Ica se asocia predominantemente a factores de riesgo maternos como la edad materna, edad gestacional, antecedentes familiares de preeclampsia, Hipertensión Arterial Crónica, obesidad, embarazo múltiple y diabetes mellitus pregestacional.
Early medieval large glass beads from Poland: utilitarian and social functions
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology, University of Wrocław, Pankiewicz Aleksandra , Siemianowska Sylwia ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Centre for Late Antique and Early Medieval Studies
Published: June 2021

The study focuses on the early medieval large glass beads from the area of Poland, i.e. specimens whose diameter equals at least 1.5 cm but usually ca. 2 cm or more. The main aim of this study is to define their function, considering precise context of discovery of particular specimens, metric data and microscopic analyses. Another important task of the study is to determine whether large beads were local products or imports, and from which region and in what social circumstances they reached the studied area. Alongside macroscopic and stylistic features, chemical composition of glass that was used for production of the beads can be conclusive in this situation. In our opinion, it is a special category of finds that appeared in this part of Europe during the time of cultural and political transformation in the 11th–13th centuries.
LEXICAL AND GRAMMATICAL MEANS OF AGREEMENT EXPRESSION IN ENGLISH DIALOGIC DISCOURSE
Authors: Hurko Olena
Published: June 2021

Issues related to the study of the structure of speech communication, the linguistic status of its affirmative units, belong to the list of those that become relevant in modern linguistics. The expression of agreement is mostly observed in dialogical unity. This phenomenon is a kind of conciliatory response act, which is used to decode the deep meaning of the relationship between interlocutors. The study describes the parameters of lexical, morphological and syntactic explicators of agreement, taking into account pragmatic, cognitive and psychological factors that function in English communication. The research material is English dialogic discourse. The basis of agreement is the statement of the correctness of the interlocutor’s opinion and the presentation of communicators’ views unity. The prospect of new studies is seen in the representation of the intention of argumentation in scientific discourse.
LANGUAGE AND THE PANDEMIC: RENEWING THE SEMANTICAL SPACE OF MODERN METAPHORS
Authors: Haidar Veronika
Published: June 2021

Description of metaphorical models’ semantic nature of is one of the urgent tasks in linguistics, because metaphors, firstly, identify key objects, events and spheres of life, and secondly, significantly affect the renewal of lexical and stylistic potential of languages. The article aims to explore the essence of metaphorical rethinking of reality under the influence of key media messages for 2020 and early 2021 year – the COVID-19 pandemic and accompanying risks. Linguistic-stylistic and semantic analysis of media messages allowes to identify metaphors-neologisms – linguistic contexts that are born in our time of destructive virus and other threats, examples of key (frequent) words in these contexts, as well as to clarify the ways to update existing semantic spaces of metaphorical field in modern English. Metaphors in the analyzed newspaper articles are mainly used to describe political and economic events, health and evironmentsl issues, agricultural matters, trade, and occasionally cover cultural and sporting events, however, all semantic topics are interrelated due to the impact of the global risks of our time.
FOUNDATIONS OF THE NOVEL WORLD OF IRIS MURDOCH
Authors: Aliseienko Olha
Published: June 2021

Iris Murdoch enters the wide space of literature and culture, conducts intertextual roll-over with various proto-texts, modalities, archetypes, philosophical concepts that have developed in literature, seeking to penetrate into the essence of man and the world. As a writer of the “transition”, Iris Murdoch’s work is not associated with an outright deformation of the world in its spatial and temporal coordinates, with the hypertrophy of conventional elements, with demonstrative deconstructive game stylization, with a violation of lifelikeness and ethical relativism inherent in “mature” postmodernism. An important feature of the poetics of “transition” in Murdoch turns out to be organic, devoid of contrast, both because of the objectively established relationship between modernism and postmodernism, and because of the subjective nature of her artistic thinking, marked by the gift of contamination.
Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Vehicles in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Afifi Haitham
Published: June 2021

We develop a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DeepRL) based multi-agent algorithm to efficiently control

autonomous vehicles in the context of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In contrast to other applications, WSNs

have two metrics for performance evaluation. First, quality of information (QoI) which is used to measure the

quality of sensed data. Second, quality of service (QoS) which is used to measure the network’s performance. As

a use case, we consider wireless acoustic sensor networks; a group of speakers move inside a room and there

are microphones installed on vehicles for streaming the audio data. We formulate an appropriate Markov Decision

Process (MDP) and present, besides a centralized solution, a multi-agent Deep Q-learning solution to control the vehicles. We compare the proposed solutions to a naive heuristic and two different real-world implementations: microphones being hold or preinstalled. We show using simulations that the performance of autonomous vehicles in terms of QoI and QoS is better than the real-world implementation and the proposed heuristic. Additionally, we provide theoretical analysis of the performance with respect to WSNs dynamics, such as speed, rooms dimensions and speaker’s talking time.
Solitary Cervical Spne Osteochondroma Presenting as a Hard-Left Lateral Neck Mass in a Young Lady in a Low Resource Setting: A Case Report
Authors: MB Sule , SA Sa’idu , SM Ma’aji , M Danfulani , GH Yunusa , AU Umar , IH Gele , FK Umar
Published: June 2021

Spinal osteochondroma are basically of two forms, these are spinal osteochondromas in patients with multiple osteochondromas and solitary osteochondromas occurring in the spine. Osteochondromas are more prevalent among the male gender and has an age of onset between 20-30 years. This is a 27-year-old lady that was referred for plain radiograph of the cervical region on account of a hard mass on the left aspect of the neck that was slowly growing for two years duration. He patient also complained of occasional left shoulder, forearm, wrist and hand pain with occasional numbness. The plain radiography was done in both anterior-posterior and lateral projection, showed a soft tissue density fullness and an expansile missed sclerotic and lucent lesion/mass involving the spinous processes of the second to sixth cervical vertebrae. The expansile, and mixed sclerotic and lucent appearance of this area proffered the differential of a solitary cervical spinal osteochondroma. The patient had surgical excision of the tumor, and histopathologic assessment of the tumor confirmed osteochondroma. We report the radiologic finding of a case of Solitary cervical spine osteochondroma in a 27-year-old lady due to its rare nature and presentation
Weight Change and Predictors of Weight Change Among Patients Initiated on Darunavir/Cobicistat/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide or Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide: A Real-World Retrospective Study
Authors: Rossi Carmine , Côté-Sergent Aurélie , Dunn Keith , Lefebvre Patrick , Lafeuille Marie-Hélène , Donga Prina , Emond Bruno
Published: June 2021

Background: Recent evidence suggests that integrase strand transfer inhibitors are associated with greater weight gain than protease inhibitors in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1).

Objectives: To describe demographic and clinical characteristics of insured patients with HIV-1 in the United States initiating darunavir/​cobicistat/​emtricitabine/​tenofovir alafenamide (DRV/c/FTC/TAF) or bictegravir/FTC/TAF (BIC/FTC/TAF), assess the differences in weight and body mass index (BMI) change between cohorts up to one year after treatment initiation, and identify the predictors of weight gain associated with each treatment.

Methods: The Symphony Health, IDV® database (July 17, 2017 – September 30, 2019) was used to identify treatment naïve or virologically suppressed stable switchers who initiated DRV/c/FTC/TAF or BIC/FTC/TAF (index date) on or after July 17, 2018, were ≥18 years of age on the index date, and had ≥12 months of continuous clinical activity pre-index (baseline period). To account for differences in baseline characteristics, inverse-probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used. Mean weight and BMI change from pre- to post-index measurements were compared between weighted cohorts at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-index using mean differences. Predictors of weight or BMI gain ≥5% were evaluated at last measurement, for each treatment cohort separately.

Results: After IPTW, 452 and 497 patients were included in the DRV/c/FTC/TAF and BIC/FTC/TAF cohorts, respectively. Baseline characteristics were generally well-balanced (mean age=~50 years, female: ~30%), except for the type of antiretroviral therapy from which patients switched. Patients initiated on BIC/FTC/TAF experienced greater weight and BMI increases between the pre-index period and each measurement of the post-index period than patients initiated on DRV/c/FTC/TAF, although results were only statistically significant at 9 months post-index (weight: mean difference=2.50 kg, P=0.005; BMI: mean difference=0.66 kg/m2, P=0.027). A common predictor of weight or BMI gain ≥5% among patients in both cohorts was female gender (DRV/c/FTC/TAF: odds ratio [OR]=5.92, P=0.014; BIC/FTC/TAF: OR=2.00, P<0.001).

Conclusion: Patients in the BIC/FTC/TAF cohort experienced greater weight and BMI increases than patients in the DRV/c/FTC/TAF cohort, with differences reaching statistical significance at 9 months post-index. Weight gain is an important factor to consider when selecting antiretroviral regimens, since it is associated with long-term health consequences. Future studies with larger sample size and longer follow-up time are warranted.
NATIONAL SPECIFICS OF TRANSLATION OF THE FRENCH CONSTRUCTION IN THE LIGHT OF THE THEORY OF SYNTACTIC CONCEPTS
Authors: Федоров В.А. , Нехаева О.Г.
Published: June 2021

Постановка задачи: На основе теории синтаксических концептов в статье анализируются переводы текстов русских классических произведений, выполненных носителями французского языка. В фокусе внимания находятся особенности передачи формального оформления и содержания русских структурных схем на французский язык с помощью конструкции il y a . Результаты. Исследование показывает, что французский язык использует конструкцию il y a , выражающую синтаксический концепт наличия/отсутствия чего-либо/кого-либо, для передачи на французский язык типовой пропозиции нескольких русских синтаксических концептов, в основном, синтаксического концепта бытия . Как следствие, русские бытийные глагольные формы преимущественно переводятся на французский язык французскими глаголами, содержащими сему «иметь», в силу присутствия соответствующего синтаксического концепта, что видно на примере конструкции il y a . Выводы: Проанализированный материал свидетельствует, с одной стороны, о национальной специфике французской конструкции, употребление которой зависит от того синтаксического концепта, который она представляет, с другой стороны, о различии в синтаксических концептах французского и русского языков. Это надо учитывать переводчикам и, соответственно, выбирать из целого набора структур ту, которая наиболее подходит для перевода и которая заполняется соответствующей лексикой в зависимости от типа синтаксического концепта.

Statement of the problem. Based on the theory of syntactic concepts, the article analyzes translations of texts of Russian classical works made by native French speakers. The focus is on the features of transferring the formal design and content of Russian structural schemes into French using the il y a construction. Results. The study shows that the French language uses the construction il y a , expressing the syntactic concept of the presence/absence of something/someone , to transfer to the French language a typical proposition of several Russian syntactic concepts, mainly the syntactic concept of being. As a consequence, Russian being verb forms are mainly translated into French by French verbs containing the seme "to have" due to the presence of the corresponding syntactic concept, as can be seen in the example of the construction il y a . Conclusion. Analyzed material shows, on the one hand, the national specificity of French construction, the use of which depends on the syntactic concept that it represents, on the other hand, the difference in the syntactic concepts of French and Russian languages, that should be taken into account by translators, which allows you to choose from a set of structures one which is the most suitable for translation and which is filled with appropriate vocabulary depending on the type of syntactic concept.
Urdu Quranic Translations & Interpretations by Non-Muslims in Sub-Continent
Authors: Asdullah Dr. Sajid
Published: June 2021

Islamic literary legacy is diverse and multidimensional in Sub-continent despite its being prone to religious b and the issue of migration integral part of Islamic literary legacy is the Quranic translations & interpretations. The main aspect of these translations & interpretations are the endeavors put forward by Muslim as well as non-Muslim scholars. Keeping in view the endeavors translations & interpretations of Quran, the non-Muslims minorities of sub-continent can be divided into two groups. The first group of part is based on the followers of Judaism, Parsee, Buddhist, Sikhism, Jainism and idols of Kalash whose translations and interpretations is not well known. Whereas, the second group endure Christians, Hindus and Qadyanis. Christians and Hidus consider Quran as non-revealed. Since the style of their interpretations is based on criticism and rejection in aggressive manner. Whereas the interpretations by Qadyanis are focused on religious polarized beliefs and ideologies taking into considerations Quran as revealed. That’s why Qadyanis interpretations are not accepted in Muslim community. The criticism by non-Muslims writers has resulted in rational approach for study of Quran instead of tendency based on esteem among Muslim. This paper represents aforementioned non-Muslims services regarding Quranic Interpretations and Translations which are distinguished in Muslims Interpreters.
Resemblance of Non-Muslim Nations, Principal Quests and Implementation: In the Light of Inferences of Jurists
Authors: Farooq Yasir
Published: June 2021

Islam, as a religion, has a clear distinguished. It gives evident rules, religious obligations, terms and conditions to his followers. Every Muslim should follow these commands. The logic behind the traditions of holy prophet (pbuh) which are in prohibition of resemblance with polytheist and unbelievers is, these are compulsory for a religious person to remain in touch his own culture and civilization. Through the traditions of the holy prophet, we concluded that he (pbuh) strictly disliked any Muslim to adopt and copy of non-Muslim’s deeds which leaving Islamic culture civilization, because all the non-Muslims have their own religious obligations. However, Islam condemn all religious obligations, festivals and conditions that are against Islam. If, a Muslim is doing such deeds against the teaching of Islam, what would be the result of this behavior and attitude according to Islam? in this article, same rules and conditions are discussed to discriminate the differences and its impact between the cultures of Islam and other religions. what would be the result of this behavior and attitude according to Islam? And author presented many principles is this regard so a Muslim may be able to distinguish his religious and as well as his cultural values in Islamic society.
Cultivares potenciais de pessegueiro, ameixeira, pereira e quivizeiro para a região da Serra Gaúcha
Authors: Anzanello Rafael , Menin Rosiendi Polesello
Published: June 2021

Objetivou-se avaliar a fenologia, produção e qualidade de frutos de cultivares potenciais de pessegueiro, ameixeira, pereira e quivizeiro para a região da Serra Gaúcha. O experimento foi realizado no Centro de Pesquisa Carlos Gayer – DDPA/SEAPI, Veranópolis-RS, safra 2014/2015. As cultivares avaliadas foram: pessegueiro (Pampeano, Pepita, Kampai, Granada, Rubimel, Regalo, Chimarrita, P.S., Coral, Eragil); ameixeira (Gulf Rubi, Gulf Blaze, Iraty, América, Polirosa, Amarelinha, Reubennel, Black Ambar, Fortune, Letícia); pereira (Willians, Packham’s, Rocha, Santa Maria, Beurre Sublime, Tenn, Carrick, Kiefer, Tsu-ly, Ya-ly) e quivizeiro (Golden King, Yellow Queen, MG06, Gracie, Abbott, Elmwood, Bruno, Monty, Tewi, Hayward). Foram analisadas as variáveis de fenologia (precocidade de produção), produção por planta, peso de fruto, sólidos solúveis (SS) e acidez titulável (AT). Os pessegueiros, ‘P.S.’, ‘Chimarrita’, ‘Rubimel’ e ‘Eragil’ apresentaram alta produção (30-40 kg/planta), peso de fruto (≥100g) e alto SS. As ameixeiras ‘Letícia’, ‘Fortune’ e ‘Reubennel’ apresentaram alta produção (>30 kg/planta) e alto SS. A cv. Fortune exibiu frutos grandes (108g). Pessegueiros ‘Granada’ e ‘Pepita’ e ameixeira ‘América’, embora produtivos, mostraram-se precoces, suscetíveis a perdas de produção por geadas tardias. Pereiras ‘Rocha’ e ‘Packham’s’, enxertadas sobre marmeleiro, e Kiefer, enxertada sobre Pyrus calleryana apresentaram alta produtividade e frutos sensorialmente doces (alto SS e baixa AT). Quivizeiros ‘Golden King’, ‘Yellow Queen’ e ‘MG06’ apresentaram alta produção (30-35 kg/planta) e ‘Elmwood’, além de produtiva, alto peso de fruto (105 g). A caracterização agronômica de cultivares de espécies frutíferas permite indicar aos produtores materiais melhor adaptados e produtivos às condições edafoclimáticas da Serra Gaúcha.
Secagem e armazenamento de sementes de culturas oleaginosas
Authors: Amaro Hugo Tiago Ribeiro , Araujo Eduardo Fontes , Araujo Roberto Fontes , Dias Luiz Antônio dos Santos , David Andréia Márcia Santos de Souza , Silva Fabrício Welington Souza
Published: June 2021

O crescente aumento da população mundial e a demanda de energia para atender diversos setores da sociedade aumentaram a necessidade do uso de fontes renováveis de energia, visando reduzir os impactos ambientais. Nesse sentido, o biodiesel representa importante fonte alternativa para combustíveis à base de petróleo. O Brasil apresenta grande potencial para a produção de energias renováveis e com o estímulo à produção e uso de biodiesel, diversas culturas oleaginosas têm sido estudadas visando o fornecimento de matéria-prima para o setor. As oleaginosas representam o segundo grupo de plantas cultivadas no mundo, tanto do ponto de vista econômico-social como nutricional. Conhecer o processo pós colheita de sementes oleaginosas é importante para o estabelecimento do setor do biodiesel no Brasil. Utilizando de ampla revisão sobre o assunto, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho abordar as principais informações quanto à secagem e armazenamento de sementes de culturas oleaginosas.
Aspectos da produção in vitro de embriões bovinos no Brasil – revisão
Authors: Luedke Felipe Eduardo , Lavach Flávia Luiza , Cassanta Frederico Guerra , Nunes Luan Felipi do Nascimento , Schlotefeld Carolina , De Paiva Sigrid Machado , Dos Santos Sérgio Ivan , Neves Adriana Pires
Published: June 2021

A pecuária brasileira está em constante crescimento, seja em números na balança comercial ou através do emprego de técnicas que sejam capazes de maximizar os resultados e os índices produtivos. Dentre estas técnicas, destaca-se a Produção in vitro de embriões bovinos (PIVE), que juntamente com as demais biotécnicas da reprodução, foi responsável pela grande expansão da pecuária brasileira, reduzindo o intervalo entre gerações e selecionando, cada vez mais os reprodutores. Além disso, a PIVE é capaz de gerar produtos viáveis de animais que não estão em condições de se reproduzir, é o fato de animais jovens, animais com problemas reprodutivos, animais mortos e até extintos. A técnica em si é um procedimento complexo, que envolve várias etapas, que vão desde a colheita do oócito, em animais vivos ou em ovários retirados de fêmeas abatidas, passando pela maturação, fertilização e cultivo em laboratório, até a classificação dos embriões viáveis. Seguindo-se nesta linha de pensamento e levando-se em consideração todos os benefícios desta técnica para o agronegócio brasileiro, o objetivo deste trabalho foi revisar o processo de produção in vitro de embriões bovinos a partir de ovários coletados em abatedouro e explanar sobre a aplicabilidade das diferentes biotécnicas da reprodução.
Diversidade genética de acessos de feijão crioulo na região Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Silveira Diógenes Cecchin , Machado Juliana Medianeira , Faccioli Mogar Waihrich Feijó , Tolfo Adriano Mantovani , Eich Caroline
Published: June 2021

O feijão representa 50% do volume de grãos consumidos no mundo e este é a principal fonte de proteína usada na alimentação humana em diversos países da América Latina, da África Oriental e da África do Sul. O presente estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de estimar a diversidade genética de nove acessos de feijão (oito acessos crioulos e uma cultivar comercial) por meio da caracterização morfológica e agronômica em condições de campo na região Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram avaliados treze caracteres de plantas e sementes. Os acessos de feijão crioulo apresentaram pouca divergência significativa, exceto o acesso Vermelho que se destacou como o de maior divergência genética a partir dos caracteres avaliados. As variáveis com maior contribuição para a separação dos acessos foram peso de mil sementes, largura e comprimento das sementes e número de dias da emergência a floração. Os caracteres relacionados à morfologia das sementes apresentam maior contribuição relativa na formação dos grupos. A maturação fisiológica não é um bom indicador da distância genética entre os acessos de feijão para as condições de condução do experimento.
Herbage accumulation of bahiagrass hybrids in two different environments in southern Brazil
Authors: Barbosa Marlon Risso , Da Motta Éder Alexandre Minski , Machado Juliana Medianeira , Kryck Karine Cristina , Conterato Ionara Fátima , Weiler Roberto Luis , Dall’Agnol Miguel , Simioni Carine
Published: June 2021

The native grasslands of southern Brazil have sustained livestock farming for many years; however, decline in pasture areas has led to the loss of genetic diversity of forage species. The development of forage grass cultivars adapted to different environments, will contribute to forming new cultivated pastures or recovering degraded areas. The aim of this study was to assess the herbage accumulation of selected intraspecific hybrid progenies of bahiagrass (P. notatum Flügge) in two different environments (Depressão Central and Campanha region) to estimate their agronomic value. The results indicated variability for the main forage traits studied (leaf dry mass, stem dry mass, inflorescence dry mass, total dry mass, leaf: stem ratio, plant height and population density of tillers). All the hybrids producing more forage mass than the ‘Pensacola’ cultivar in the municipality of Eldorado do Sul and the majority also superior in the municipality of São Gabriel. The production of leaves in the forage was correlated with total dry mass (84%), suggesting that genotype selection for forage mass also selected for production of leaves. The selected hybrids should be indicated for new steps of assessment within the P. notatum breeding program.
Qualidade de sementes salvas de trigo na região das Missões – RS
Authors: Araujo Guilherme Masarro , Radons Sidinei Zwick , Moraes Mariana Poll , Engers Lana Bruna de Oliveira
Published: June 2021

A prática de salvar sementes significa que parte dos grãos colhidos permanece na propriedade e serve como propágulo para a próxima safra. Essa atividade é protegida por lei e muito realizada em lavouras de trigo na região das Missões - RS. Porém, produtores da região pouco tem conhecimento em relação à qualidade destas sementes utilizadas nas propriedades. Ainda, devido a manejos inadequados durante o armazenamento, podem ocorrer perdas de qualidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade de sementes salvas da região das Missões - RS, antes e após a operação de armazenamento realizado pelos agricultores. Amostras de sementes foram coletadas em dois momentos, em pós-colheita (antes do armazenamento) e em pré-semeadura (pósarmazenamento), nos mesmos lotes. Os valores médios de germinação satisfatórios, ficaram acima de 80 %, não diferindo após o período de armazenamento, havendo variabilidade entre os lotes. Quando as sementes foram submetidas ao envelhecimento acelerado, o percentual de germinação ficou abaixo de 50 % e através da análise de massa seca e fresca pode-se identificar diminuição do vigor, bem como o aumento da umidade das sementes após o período de armazenamento. Conclui-se que sementes salvas de trigo na região das Missões - RS possuem germinação satisfatória, mas com limitações de vigor, especialmente após o processo de armazenamento, afetando a qualidade dos lotes.
MODERN PROBLEMS OF THE PROCESS OF CREATION OF SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES IN RUSSIA AND WORLD TRENDS OF THEIR DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Postgraduate of Corporate Finance and Corporate Governance Department of the Financial University under the Government of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, NEDOSPASOVA D. D.
Published: June 2021

The author explore the creation and regulation of special economic zones in Russia on the basis of a systematic approach. Such territories are considered by the government as a way to diversify the production of goods for export, increase the labor force and exchange technology between enterprises. The author conclude that this approach hinders business activity and hinders the vital competitive and collaborative behavior of firms within these economic zones.
FORMATION OF THE PERSONNEL RESERVE OF A MODERN ORGANIZATION
Authors:   Doctor of Economics, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Innovation Management RTU MIREA, Moscow, Russia, RYABKOV O. A.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the work is to analyze modern primary sources and determine the actual aspects of planning, organizing and regulating the personnel policy of a modern organization. The ways, types and models of forming a personnel reserve at a high-tech enterprise are determined. The results of the study can be used in the personnel policy of any organization.
APPLICATION OF MULTI-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS METHODS TO ASSESS SOCIAL EXPECTATIONS OF STUDENTS IN PRIMORSKY KRAI
Authors:   Doctor of Economics, Professor, Vice Rector for Digital Development, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia, KRYUKOV V. V. , MARTYSHENKO N. S. ,   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Researcher, Strategic Planning Laboratory, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the results of the study of the structure and mechanisms of the formation of social expectations of the student youth of Primorsky Krai. The study is based on data from monitoring students ‘ opinions using two online questionnaire forms. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the dependence of students ‘ motivation to study and professional expectations. The most important factor influencing labor motivation is the demand for innovative knowledge in the labor market of the region. It is noted that targeted state support of graduates is required for employment after graduation.r attention in the article is paid to the analysis of the dependence of the factors of students’ motivation for learning and professional expectations. The most important factor affecting the labor motivation of students is the demand for innovative knowledge in the labor market of the region. To solve the problem of employment after graduation from a university, targeted government support of graduates is required.
STRATEGIC AUDIT AS A TOOL FOR THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY'S DEVELOPMENT IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors:   Student, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, VYVOLOKINA A. N. , SAZHINA Yu. A. ,   Student, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, GUSAROVA L. V. ,   Doctor of Economics, Professor of the Department of State Financial Control and Treasury, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2021

The article highlights the stages of development of strategic audit in the Russian Federation. The practice of applying strategic audit by the Accounting Chamber of the Russian Federation, foreign experience is presented. The transformation of strategic audit is considered and the necessity of its full implementation in the activities of control and accounting bodies related to the development of long-term budget planning and the implementation of state programs and national goals is analyzed. The article presents the prospects of strategic audit related to the mission of the Audit Chamber of the Russian Federation and regional development. Current methodological additions are proposed.