bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Foreign organization and the Foreign Committee of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party at the beginning of the 20th century. (On the path of party institutionalization)
Authors: Leonov M. I.
Published: July 2022

The article examines the organization and activities of the Foreign Organization and the Foreign Committee of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party at the beginning of the XX century. It is the institutional history of political parties, in the authors opinion, that is of interest, since the structural analysis and the comparative historical method provide no less for an idea of ​​their nature than the analysis of party programs. In the first period of its existence, the structure of the conspiratorial party of the Social Revolutionaries was surprisingly simple: a few Central Committee members traveled around Russian organizations and corresponded with them. After the arrests of the late 1902 - early 1903. the first, the Gershunev Central Committee, ceased to exist. In August 1903, through the efforts of E.K. Breshko-Breshkovskaya, the Foreign Organization and the Foreign Party Committee were created. Until late autumn 1905, they played the role of central party institutions: the Foreign Organisation was the main reservoir of cadres of party functionaries, its congresses, in essence, played the role of general party forums. The Foreign Organization concentrated many functions of the Central Committee: publishing and distribution of literature, communication with Russian organizations, business trips to Russia of party functionaries, etc. Thanks to the Foreign Organization and especially the Foreign Party Committee, a relatively ramified network of party leadership was formed. The Foreign Organisation was an amorphous union, squabbles and squabbles tore it apart. The Foreign Party Committee, along with the orthodox Socialist-Revolutionaries, included dissidents. In November 1905, the Foreign Party Committee ceased its activities, and the Foreign Organisation was disbanded. At the end of 1906, the Foreign Organisation and Foreign Party Committee were reanimated. The new Foreign Organisation did not want to be considered party, and the Socialist-Revolutionary leadership dissociated itself from it. The sphere of activity of the Foreign Party Committee was limited to the limits of emigration. Beginning in 1909, the process of demoralization embraced both the Socialist-Revolutionary Party as a whole and the emigration. In the spring of 1909, the delegates of the most numerous Parisian group for the promotion of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party left the III Conference of the Foreign Federation. After the Fifth Party Council (May 1909), the Paris assistance group withdrew from the ranks of the party. In 19101914. the decline of the Overseas Organization progressed. Disputes intensified, the Regional Foreign Committee was in conflict with the Central Committee. Thus, by the beginning of the First World War, the Socialist-Revolutionary emigration was a collection of scattered and warring factions. During the war years, the Central Committee finally broke up into opposing groups and as a whole ceased to exist.
Elections to the Third State Duma in the Samara province
Authors: Eliseev A. I.
Published: July 2022

The article is based on the analysis of the periodical materials, memoirs of contemporaries, published statistics and archival documents. It is devoted to the history of the election campaign to the State Duma of the third convocation which took place in the Samara province. This problem is of particular importance for the history of the socio-political development of the region. The elections to the Third Duma were held in quite different social and political conditions than to the First and Second Dumas. Simultaneously with the dissolution of the Duma of the second convocation, a new Regulation on Elections was published, which significantly changed the ratio of electors from different social groups in electoral assemblies. The author analyzes the influence of the electoral law of June 3, 1907 on the electoral process and, in particular, on the alignment of political forces. He traces the changes in the procedure for holding electoral meetings in the peasant, land-owning and urban curia, which were mainly associated with the division of electoral congresses into branches. Special attention is paid to how these changes weakened the influence on the elections of some social groups and strengthened others. The author examines the attitude of the electorate and individual public and political figures to the election campaign to the Third State Duma, characterizes the role of various party organizations in the election campaign and the course of the elections, and analyzes the results of the elections in the Samara province. Сontains brief information on the political orientation, social and class characteristics of the deputies elected in the Samara region. The author acquaints the scientific world with previously unknown information about the conduct of elections in the Samara Region.
Formation of provincial assemblies in France in 1787
Authors: Koutseva E. A.
Published: July 2022

Administrative reform in France begins in an economic crisis. Calonne, then Lomnie de Brienne proposed to introduce a new local administration to improve the collection of taxes, new local authorities were asked to entrust control over their distribution and collection, as well as the management of public and road works. A three-tier system of elective assemblies was introduced in the municipality, in the district or department, and in the province. The article examines the process of the formation of provincial assemblies and the identification of their functions in the summer of 1787. For this, the adoption of regulations of provincial assemblies and their reflection in the press will be considered, the functions of assemblies according to the rules and functions noted in the minutes of assemblies in different regions will be compared and analyzed. The article analyzes the edicts on the creation of provincial assemblies in the kingdom in the summer of 1787, regulations of the provinces of Champagne and Rouen, regulations on the functions of assemblies, minutes of meetings of provincial assemblies, the French and Dutch press. In the course of writing the article, comparative and problem-chronological methods were used. The events of the end of the Ancien Rgime were developed in Russian historiography, but the issues of transformation in the administrative sphere were less studied, which will be discussed in this article. Provincial assemblies, created to improve the situation, have not fully fulfilled their task. Despite the delineation of functions between the old and the new administration, conflicts will arise that worsened the situation in the country. The new administration did not have enough time, already in 1788 elections to the States General began.
Professional development – factor of professional success
Authors: Rudneva T. I.
Published: July 2022

The training of a specialist at a university is predetermined by the quality of the educational process, which is caused by the development trends of the entire education system in accordance with globalization and integration into the world educational space. Professional success largely depends on the success of training, which forms the readiness of students to achieve professional success. Success is represented by an integrative assessment of the totality of student characteristics (result) and external psychological and pedagogical characteristics (learning process), which affect the process and result of the formation of professionally significant competencies. Significant external conditions are the quality of the educational process and the professionalism of the teacher; internal conditions personal characteristics of students. A group of students future information security specialists was taken as a sample for a study conducted at Samara National Research University. Employers are showing a demand for specialists focused on achieving professional success in the face of increasing information threats, illegal actions, and computer crime. The study confirmed the need for students to develop not only professional competencies, but also a set of properties for the successful solution of professional problems. The structure of readiness of an information security specialist for successful professional activity was determined by the researchers taking into account the specifics (multidisciplinarity) and features (a set of meaningful characteristics for achieving success) of professional activity. Readiness criteria are as follows: professional and social orientation, ethical consciousness, acmeological orientation. The results of a comprehensive study conducted at the Samara National Research University confirm the dependence of the quality of the educational process on the readiness of teachers to organize the conditions for successful student learning.
Moral education in the era of transitive society
Authors: Chetyrova L. B. , Slashchinina A. P.
Published: July 2022

The authors consider the importance of moral education in transitive society. The problem of moral education in conditions of pedagogical ethics violation is analyzed. The relevance of the study stems from the fact that although the problem of the impact of the emotional intelligence of the teacher on the development of emotional intelligence of students has been considered, the significance of incorporating educational ethics and emotional intelligence into courses of professional development of teachers has not yet been considered. Much attention is paid to the development of emotional intelligence of teachers through the system of social-emotional-ethical learning SEE Learning in order to improve the pedagogical culture of the teacher.
Development of communicative competence through distance learning
Authors: Troitskaya Yu. V.
Published: July 2022

The author defines the meaning of the term communicative competence, presets the structure of this characteristic and considers the development of its basic components by means of distance learning technologies. Relevant distance learning technologies are listed on the basis of teaching experience; the author evaluates their educational potential taking into consideration the fact that communicative competence includes speaking, writing, listening and reading skills, and the training process should involve the development of normative language aspects as well as skills in appropriateness of language use (on the level of perception and utterance production) in the specified context. Speaking skills are supposed to be the most significant in assessment of communicative competence development. The author shows that distance learning potential varies depending on the form of speaking (individual / pair / group / whole class interaction), describes current problems and the ways to solve them. The article considers educational principles which help to optimize the process of teaching and facilitate the efficient use of distance learning technologies for the development of communicative competence components. Distance learning prospects are analyzed on the ground of instrument potential, teachers and students experience. The following methods are used for the research: analysis and synthesis of scientific data, analysis of empirical data, questionnaire survey and participant observation. The results of the research can be applied for teaching foreign languages in organizations implementing distance learning courses.
Trends in the professional training of railway electrical engineers of railway transport
Authors: Belov D. O.
Published: July 2022

The article deals with the main trends in the professional training of railway electrical engineers, which determine the relations between railway universities and production. The trend of integration due to the unification of the content of education and the determinism of academic disciplines ensures the professional mobility of a specialist both within the profession and in related areas of production. Teaching at a sufficiently high level of difficulty, stimulating the active cognitive and creative activity of students, requires an intensification trend due to the compaction and increasing volumes of information flows, the rapid development of the technical and technological foundations of production. The trend of cooperation determines the main directions and forms of interaction of vocational training with production and other institutions of higher vocational education. The gradual development of the main functions of professional activity (production and technological, operational and managerial, administrative and regulatory), in the process of personnel development of railway electrification engineers, contributing to the progressive development of specialist competencies, increases the adaptation period to the conditions of professional activity, characterized by the complex impact of professional risks. The study of the experience of professional training of railway transport specialists revealed the need for the formation of professional and personal characteristics of railway electrical engineers, which ensure the reduction of the impact of professional risks set by the factors of danger, uncertainty and alternativeness.
Regional dimension of Russian history: to the 80th anniversary of P.S. Kabytov – researcher and citizen
Authors: Kondrashin V. V.
Published: July 2022

The article is dedicated to the anniversary of the head of the Department of Russian History of the Samara National Research University, Doctor of Historical Sciences, professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation P.S. Kabytov. It analyzes the scientific achievements of the hero of the day, his social activities. On the basis of the material presented, the author made a conclusion about the phenomenon of P.S. Kabytov in modern Russian and foreign historiography from the point of view of his contribution to the study of the history of the Samara Volga region, the agrarian history, and other problems.
Dynamics of Functional Aspects of Verbs of Movement in English Drama
Authors: Krivchenko I. B. , Savina I. V.
Published: July 2022

Drama reflects everyday life of a certain linguistic community. It reflects all the changes which occur either in the language itself or in the society. Any play is based on the notion of action which is represented through verbs of movement. The functional approach towards analyzing such verbs seems to be reasonable as it may result in acquiring the knowledge of the models according to which communication is built. Once synergetic approach is applied, one will learn the way the two main parts of a play the dialogue and the authors remark interact. The research is based on 300 verbs of movement which are distributed into several periods. The first period under consideration is the Renaissance of the English culture (14751660). The second period is the Restoration and the Age of Normalization (second half of XVII XVIII). The third period starts with the XIX century. In this paper the XXI century is analyzed separately due to the tremendous changes it has brought both to the English language and the English-speaking community. The diachronic approach allows to see how verbs of movement developed their functions from being secondary to becoming essential for expressing emotional, axiological and aesthetic aspects. The material of the recent century being scarce, it is possible only to see the main tendencies of further dynamics.
Linguopragmatic capability of quotes and sayings from the bard songs (based on media articles)
Authors: Shumkina I. V.
Published: July 2022

The article examines the linguopragmatic capability of quotes and sayings from the bard songs, which have become one of the sources to replenish the intertextual database of Russian culture. The analysis of intertextual units (logoepisthemes, precedent phenomena, etc.) and their functional features is one of the topical issue for the modern communicative-pragmatic approach to language. The material for the research was socio-political newspaper and magazine articles with fragments from Yuri Kukin's song Za tumanom. The inclusion of these fragments in the intertextual database is evidenced by the absence of references to the author and quotation marks. The article gives the socio-cultural and linguistic characteristics of quotations, examines their semantic, stylistic and structural transformations in media texts. The popularity of the phrases is due to the historical and cultural signifi cance of the song and timeless life philosophy presented in the songs lyrics. It provides the representative scope of quotes and catchphrases that are used by journalists as illustrations of culturally signifi cant phenomena and help to draw analogies that determine the interpretation of newspaper material. It has been established that the lyric and poetic nature of the refrain, the colloquial coloration of the beginning, as well as the self-irony of the lyrics allow journalists to use quotes from the song in a wide range of contexts that diff er from thematic and stylistic points of view. Quotes from the song are used in newspaper and magazine publications to create diametrically opposed stylistic connotations from sublime to rude swearing. It was revealed that the linguopragmatic capabilities of quotations are enhanced by their semantic and structural transformations. The refrain of the song is most transformed songs part in the media texts. The following types of its semantic transformation were identifi ed: semantic simplifi cation, universalization and literalization. Among the structural transformations are lexical and grammatical transformations, the contamination of quotations and the isolation of the key component. The research allows to clarify the lexicographic data and enhance the understanding of the bard song as a source of logoepisthems and precedent phenomena in modern language practice.
Nouns of religious semantics on -nie in the Russian language of the XVIII century: lexico-grammatical and semantic aspects of analysis
Authors: Feliksov Sergey V.
Published: July 2022

The article deals with the history of religious style formation in the Russian language. In the article in the lexico-grammatical and semantic aspects, the names of nouns of religious semantics on -nie are considered, recorded in the XVIII century Russian lexicographic works of civil press, which provide detailed representation of confessional vocabulary: The Church Dictionary by archpriest Peter Alekseev (1773–1794), The Short Slavic Dictionary by abbot Evgeny (Romanov) (1784) and The Dictionary of the Russian Academy (1789–1794). The relevance of the study is due to the absence to date of special linguistic studies related to the study of the names of nouns of religious semantics on -nie, as well as functional significance of this class of words for the formation of religious style of the Russian language of the XVIII century. The work used methods of stylistic, grammatical, thematic, etymological analysis, as well as methods of semantic field and component analysis of dictionary definitions. In the course of the study, the semantic features of religionyms-substances on -nie were described, their lexico-grammatical categories and thematic groups were described, within the framework of these groups neoplasms of the 18th century were revealed. It is shown that the names of nouns of religious semantics on -nie firmly took their place in the lexical system of the religious style of the Russian language of the XVIII century, expressing both specific and non-specific (abstract and collective) lexico-grammatical meanings. It has been established that most of the derivatives considered belong to the lexico-grammatical category of abstract names denoting an abstract positive or negative action in spiritual and moral terms. At the same time, it was noted that the semantics of the names of nouns of religious semantics on -nie in the Russian language of the XVIII century was in a state of its active formation, characterized in most cases by complexity, which is manifested in the presence of several partial not only homogeneous, but also heterogeneous types of lexico-semantic meanings.
Specificity of formation of English discourse sense system multimodality and its integrative functional analysis
Authors: Malakhova Victoria L.
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of English discourse sense space formation with the help of multi-level resources and modes, each of which offers its own options and limitations. Language means used in a certain discourse form meanings that, under the influence of pragmatic and extralinguistic factors, are transformed into broader sense. The communication process also involves various non-verbal means that enrich represented meanings, which can affect the discourse integral sense and the result of communication as a whole. Linguistic (verbal) and non-linguistic (non-verbal) means of sense representation correlate and complement each other; this leads to structuring of multimodal plane, hierarchically organized and encoding certain functional areas. The objective of the article is to study multi-level speech units and relations (links) between the constituents of English discourse that form meanings and senses from the perspective of the integrative functional paradigm. The application of this scientific methodology to the research of discourse is relevant and appropriate, since the integrative analysis helps understand how synergetic interaction and functioning of a certain set of linguistic and non-linguistic means and factors lead to a comprehensive representation of the semantic and pragmatic potential of discourse and formation of its multimodal sense space. The main research methods are integrative functional analysis and discourse analysis. The results of the study reveal the dependence of formation of a multimodal sense system on interaction of discourse language data with extralinguistic information and factors, as well as on the pragmatic potential of the discourse itself. This leads to higher-level modelling of language processes, which the integrative functional paradigm helps comprehend and characterize.
Revolutionary discourse as the subject of the image in the «Demons» by Dostoevsky
Authors: Temnikova Natalia Yu.
Published: July 2022

The subject of the research in the article is the Russian revolutionary political discourse as an object of artistic reflection. The analysis was carried out on the material of the «most political» novel by F.M. Dostoevsky «Demons». The main method of research is semiotic analysis, which revealed the totality of the basic values and challenges of the revolution in Dostoevsky's interpretation: the categories of revolutionary political power (a new person and his main attribute – self-will, a new society, «friends» and «enemies» of the revolution), the strategies of the revolutionarist's speech behavior and revolutionary genres. The various image focuses used by Dostoevsky – from the grotesque to the tragic – allow highlighting many acute problems of Russian history, from which it is easy to draw a parallel to the problems of modernity.
Online movie review as a person-oriented type of discourse
Authors: Galiullina Olesya R.
Published: July 2022

The article examines the features of the presence of a person-oriented type of discourse in the online movie review written in English. Personal discourse in itself covers almost all text types generated by the Internet due to the presence of various verbal and non-verbal means of converging the addressee of the communicative message. The variety of linguistic characteristics of disclosing the inner world of a person, verbal means of expressing interpersonal relations, lexical means of explicating the category of a person and other way of linguistic representation of the author's self determine the consideration of online movie reviews as a person-oriented type of discourse. The aim of this article is to analyze the linguistic means of manifestation the personal discourse in the English-language amateur movie review. The empirical material collected for description, classification and analysis in this paper is based upon a corpus of movie reviews taken from the American review-aggregation website for film and television Rotten Tomatoes. The person-oriented type of discourse is intrinsically inherent in the online movie review due to its fundamentally dialogic nature and the low level of formalization of the communicative message. The analysis of the online movie reviews has revealed that the attributive feature of the deployment of personal discourse in the online movie review is a statement that carries subjective modality. Personal and demonstrative pronouns in conjunction with modal words, verbs and particles are those lexical means which express a subjective attitude towards the film. The explicators of the modal-evaluative meanings in the online movie review are parenthesis and inversion. In addition to emotional and expressive vocabulary, the personal discourse of online movie reviews manifests itself in the widespread use of colloquial vocabulary.
Cognitive dissonance in philological perspective
Authors: Drozdova Tatiana  V. , Vishnyakova Olga D. , Vishnyakova Elizaveta A.
Published: July 2022

The article deals with the problem of cognitive dissonance that represents itself as the discrepancy between cognitive bases of communicants, exteriorized at the level of language. Cognitive dissonance may be caused by various reasons, including linguistic ones connected with the inappropriate choice of language means and communicative strategies, as well as social and other extralinguistic factors, which refer to semantic and conceptual incompatibility actualized in human intercourse. As the result, in most cases the communicants tend to eliminate situations of dissonance by various means appropriate and achieve the state of consonance. Within the domain of literary space the potential of language that refers to cognitive dissonance emergence and its further annihilation if possible may be used to produce a certain stylistic effect and produce the aesthetic impact necessary as well as become intellectual stimulus for further inference. The analysis of cognitive dissonance situations represented in the artistic discourse has shown that in the domain of verbal art their creative abilities, both in terms of naturally occurred and intentionally provoked precedents, represented via means of language, can be exploited for the sake of constructing the specific atmosphere of virtual space and artistic images creation, which contributes to the author’s message successful transfer to the reader or listener. This may be confirmed by the results of linguopoetic and linguostylistic investigations, as well as profound philological context analysis, based on integrating linguistic knowledge with knowledge of the world, in which language data are prioritized.
Functioning of Architectural Terms in Fiction (based on the novel The Fountainhead by A. Rand)
Authors: Anisimova Alexandra G. , Karapetyan Tamara A.
Published: July 2022

The article deals with the functioning of architectural terms in non-professional discourse (based on A. Rand's novel 'The Fountainhead'). The topicality of the research is determined by the growing interest in terminology in general and in art terminology in particular. This interest reflects the increased role of science in modern society. The study of the functioning of architectural terms is the least explored field. Special attention is paid by the authors to non-professional discourse within the framework of which architectural terms perform important functions which, however, have not been studied in detail. The functioning of terms in a work of fiction is a complex process which does not only add the professional touch to the plot of the novel, but which also supplements it with different connotations. The methods of the research include the following: contextual analysis of the functions of architectural terms in the novel, terminological selection, componential analysis based on the analysis of definitions. The functioning of terms in the text of a work of art has demonstrated that, on the one hand, terms share certain functions with words of the general language, and on the other, their main role – the nominative function – turns into the function of figurative thinking and figurative expression, which are the integral functions of fiction. The research has shown that architectural terms in 'The Fountainhead' are characterized by the following parameters: the expansion of the initial meaning of the term, inclusion of the author's meanings in the semantics of the term, the creation of the effect of professional presence, the reflection of the inner world of the characters and the creation of their psychological portraits.
Samara identity in the mirror of advertising and commercial names
Authors: Romanova Tatyana P.
Published: July 2022

The purpose of our research is to identify ways of translating the Samara identity in the system of verbal sign complexes of commercial objects based on the use of the semiotic method. The main object of study is the proper names of shops, cafes, restaurants, salons, industrial and cultural facilities presented in Samara outdoor advertising, as well as brand names whose textual designations include brand identifiers of the territory – iconic names that serve as connotative regional components and provide a mental link with the image of a regional brand. Our research confirms the hypothesis that the Samara identity is built on the basis of a cultural code based on territorial certainty. The key verbal signs represented in the commercial discourse of urban space and forming the identity of the territory in the minds of citizens are toponyms: Samara, Zhiguli, Volga. These brand symbols not only demonstrate a direct toponymic link to the region, but mainly play the role of priority symbols of regional identity as part of numerous conventionally symbolic advertising and commercial names. Based on our research, it is possible to solve the problem of constructing the basic structure of the figurative-mental map of Samara identity on the basis of three key toponyms – symbols of the territorial brand. The spheres of numerous ergonyms and pragmatonyms are formed around each of these symbols, which are widely represented in the advertising and information environment of urban space, have visual contact with the residents of the agglomeration and have a direct impact on the formation of urban identity. Our study is relevant because it allows us to consider the key symbols of urban identity identified by us as material representatives of the symbolic capital of a territorial brand. The central markers of the figurative-mental map of the city perform the function of a verbal semiotic tool – a translator of urban identity, the active use of which in the advertising and commercial discourse of the city of Samara confirms a sufficiently high level of self-awareness of the citizens.
Review on the collection of articles: Nikolaev A.B. (Ed.) Tavrichesky readings 2020. Topical issues of parliamentarism: history and modernity. International scientific conference, St. Petersburg, Tauride Palace, December 10–11, 2020: Collection of scientific articles: in 2 parts. St. Petersburg: Asterion, 2021
Authors: Lopukhova Anna V.
Published: July 2022

The review analyzes the collection of materials of the XIV international scientific conference «Actual problems of parliamentarism: history and modernity» («Tavrichesky readings 2020»), held in St. Petersburg in December 2020. The review considers the topics and problems of the articles included in the collection, as well as questions discussed during the discussions and the round table. The analysis of the activity of the State Duma of the beginning of the XX century occupies the central place of most studies. It is concluded that the materials placed in the collection make a significant contribution to the development of domestic science.
Women’s diplomacy in the XVI century France: the example of Louise of Savoy
Authors: Bystrova Vladislava S.
Published: July 2022

This article is dedicated to researching the women's diplomacy in France in the first half of the XVI century from the perspective of gender history. Despite the fact that ambassadorial offices were mostly occupied by men, women could still perform as diplomats both officially and informally. The image of a woman as a politician is revealed on the example of diplomatic activity of Duchess of Angoulême Louise de Savoy, mother of Francis I de Valois. The article determines her position among the power elites from contemporaries' point of view. The article also reveals the role of a high-ranking lady in exercising diplomatic functions and highlights the features of the official correspondence form of the king's mother. The main directions of foreign policy during the regencies of Louise of Savoy are determined. The role of royal women in exercising diplomatic functions in relation to the political aspects of making the «Ladies' Peace» in 1529 in Cambrai is considered. The author concludes that personality factors, political authority and personal relations played a major role in women's diplomatic work. In the conditions of instability of the French crown, Louise of Savoy manages to avoid the political and economic crisis in the country and create a unique precedent in the sphere of foreign affairs. This allowed her successors to expand diplomatic networks further by continuously conducting correspondence. Apart from concluding traditional dynastic alliances, diplomatic activity included negotiations, carried out by ladies either through trusted ambassadors or in person, signing peace agreements, and forming their own female diplomatic clientele.
Border barons and Royal justice: The Dacres trials in 1525, 1534
Authors: Beltser (Belcer) Alexander (Aleksandr) А.
Published: July 2022

This article compares the trials against two members of the Dacre family, the Barons of Dacre – Thomas and William. The relationship between the monarch and the nobility has traditionally been considered one of the key moments in the development of states in the Middle Ages and early modern times. Subordinating the aristocracy and restricting its independence is seen as one of the main goals of royal policy. Both Dacres held important posts in frontier administration, acting as Wardens of the Border Marches on the Scottish border. In addition, the Dacres owned vast tracts of land in the northern counties and were one of the most powerful families in northern England. A comparison of the two trials thus sheds light on royal politics in the northern lands, the relationship of the Dacre family of Gillsland to the Tudor monarchy and their place in the social microcosm of the Anglo-Scottish frontier. The study is based on an analysis of the public papers of the early Tudor era: the correspondence and records of court proceedings. As the study shows in the trials of 1525 and 1534, the Crown did not seek to wipe out the influence of the Dacres barons entirely, but to limit it by punishing them for their neglect of royal laws and excessive autonomy. At the same time, the initiative to persecute the Dacres came from the provincial gentry, those with whom the barons, for various reasons, failed to deal. The Crown was only responding to these challenges.
Socialist Revolutionary party and the Second International
Authors: Leonov Mikhail I.
Published: July 2022

The path of the Socialist Revolutionary party to the Second International was a thorny one. Russian social democrats were zealous in creating obstacles, primarily their representative in the International Socialist Bureau (IBS) G.V. Plekhanov. His efforts to the Socialist Revolutionary groups in the 90-ies of the XIX century denied the right of representation in the international socialist community. European political parties were mentally closer to the RSDLP, and their socialist competitors were wary. The Socialist Revolutionary had to work hard to convince the parties of the International of their adherence to the ideas of socialism and of the presence of connections with the masses. The Socialist Revolutionary Party established close contacts with the SME in 1901, and at the Amsterdam Congress (1904, August) achieved what it wanted, it was accepted into the Second International. The reports of the party to the Amsterdam and Stuttgart congresses of the International served as evidence of the mass character, adherence to the ideas of socialism. The leaders of the Socialist Revolutionaries, their emotional and verbose representative in the SME I.A. Rubanovich, took an active part in all the events of the International; the party became an equal member of the international socialist community. During the Basel Congress of 1912, her representative on the «commission of five» most influential parties was one of the compilers of the anti-war «Manifesto» of the International, supported by the socialists of the world. During the First World War, only a part of the party defended the ideas of internationalism. The III Congress of the Social Revolutionaries in the spring of 1917 called for the continuation of the war to a victorious end and the restoration of the II International.
Socio-cultural image of the outstanding representatives of the Samara (Kuybyshev) medical intelligentsia in the post-war period
Authors: Mistryugov Pavel A. , Malov Vladimir M. , Eroshevskaya Elena B.
Published: July 2022

The distinguished representatives of the Samara (Kuibyshev) medical intelligentsia made a great contribution to the development of Russian medicine. The analysis of the social and cultural aspects of the formation of the leaders of major scientific and pedagogical school functioning at Kuibyshev Medical Institute named after D.I. Ulyanov makes it possible to identify value priorities, views, the development of professional motivation, attitudes to colleagues and patients. The examples of lives of the founders of the proctology school, A.M. Aminev, the ophthalmology school, T.I. Eroshevskij, the otorhinolaryngology school, I.B. Soldatov, helped to single out the main features of their socio-cultural image. Both published and unpublished documents which are kept in the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, the Central Archive of the Samara region, Samara State Medical University archive and in the personal archives were used for the research. In the course of the conducted study it was proved that high professionalism, commitment, constant scientific search, the developed sense of civic duty and responsibility, care for the patients served as the foundation of the great contribution to the Soviet medicine, of the achievement of significant medical discoveries and the formation of the Kuibyshev Medical University scientific and pedagogical schools.
Organization of research activities of cadets of fire-technical specialties in the process of teaching mathematics
Authors: Grebenkina Aleksandra S.
Published: July 2022

The article considers the issue of the formation of research competencies of future fire and techno sphere safety engineers in the process of teaching mathematical disciplines. It is proposed to organize the research activities of cadets, taking into account the principles of practice-oriented teaching. The methodological basis of the research is based on the key provisions of a practice-oriented approach to teaching mathematics, modern methods of scientific and pedagogical research, requirements for the level of development of research competencies among future rescue engineers. The structure of the research activity of cadets in the process of teaching mathematics is presented in the form of four components: motivational, cognitive, activity-based, reflexive. The characteristics of each component from the point of view of practice-oriented learning are given. The types of research activities that contribute to the formation of research competencies of cadets of fire-technical specialties in teaching mathematics are indicated, the goal and educational tasks of performing each type of activity. Requirements for the subject matter, the content of term papers and research work in teaching mathematics to future fire safety engineers are formulated. The examples of assignments for the course work in the discipline "Probability theory and mathematical statistics" are given. A fragment of tasks for research work in higher mathematics for cadets of the specified specialties is presented. The specifics of assessing the level of formation of cadets' readiness for research activities in the study of disciplines of mathematical training cycle are indicated. Incentive and operational criteria are dominant. Based on the results obtained, the goal of the practice-oriented research activity of cadets of fire-technical specialties in the process of teaching mathematics was formulated. The conditions that favor the formation of practice-oriented research competencies of a fire and techno sphere safety engineer in the study of mathematical disciplines are indicated.
Historiography of history of Soviet school everyday life
Authors: Astafiev Dmitry A. , Godovova E. V.
Published: July 2022

Authors present an overview and analysis of publications of the Soviet and post-Soviet periods of the historiography of Soviet school everyday life. The authors note that in the Soviet period, a significant part of the scientific work focuses on the determining and leading role of the party in the field of school education, the promotion of advanced pedagogical experience in teaching and education, as well as solving the practical problems of public education. In the 1990-ies general education school and school everyday life become objects of interdisciplinary research for scientists representing various scientific fields: historians of education, teachers, philosophers, sociologists, culturologists, etc. It is noted that in the total volume of publications devoted to the everyday life of the school, teachers and students of the Soviet era, scientific works performed by historians make up an insignificant number. The daily life of the Soviet school and Soviet teachers becomes an independent topic for study by Russian historians and representatives of other scientific fields only in the early 2000-ies. However, historians still turn more often to the analysis of state policy in the field of school education, the training of teachers, school history education in the Soviet period, etc. The results of our analysis show that scientific articles, monographs and theses devoted to the topic of school everyday life and everyday life of a teacher of the Soviet era are much less than scientific papers on children’s everyday life. This circumstance, of course, determines the relevance and necessity of comprehensive studies of everyday life of Soviet school, especially on the materials of individual regions of the country.
Image of an officer of the National Guard as a means of protection from information provocations
Authors: Maklachkov Egor A.
Published: July 2022

The article examines the features of the current concept of «image of an officer of the National Guard troops». After the formation of the National Guard troops, the image of military personnel and officers who perform tasks to preserve the integrity of the state, protect public order, and protect citizens during mass events was not fully formed in society. There is a need to develop a positive image of the law enforcement forces in society as a guarantor of maintaining order in the country. A lot of responsibility lies with the officers of the troops making important managerial decisions. Competent management of subordinates is impossible without regulation of their own behavior, especially in conflict and extreme situations. In the context of provoking military personnel to commit unlawful actions, possessing stability among officers will help to monitor their activities and timely carry out preventive measures against subordinates. The analysis of research confirmed the importance of possessing this state. Foreign authors pay attention to the isolation of the military organization and the importance of training qualified personnel officers who are able to make balanced and optimal decisions when leading subordinates, the importance of possessing stress resistance to negative factors in the performance of activities is considered. Domestic authors pay attention to the importance of developing the officer's personality, instilling a corporate culture that contributes to effective interaction and increasing the prestige of military service. During a survey among officers of the National Guard troops, resistance to information provocations is indicated as an integral component of the image of the law enforcement officer. Analysis of the obtained data made it possible to determine the possibilities of developing resistance to information provocations. The most productive in this process may be the development and conduct of a training course aimed at developing resistance to information provocations of officers, followed by testing and inclusion in military-political training of military units and units of the national guard troops.
Criteria and levels of effectiveness training future officers to work with military personnel serving under contract
Authors: Shevkov V. I.
Published: July 2022

The article discusses the components of the effectiveness of training future officers. Modern military-political, socio-economic relations, scientific and technological progress determine the improvement of the quality of training of specialists in all spheres of professional activity, including the military one. An important aspect is the preparation of future officers to work with military personnel serving under contract, as well as the clarification of its criteria and levels. The analysis of the preparation for work with military personnel serving under the contract allowed us to determine its levels from the standpoint of three criteria: cognitive, motivational, activity. The results of studying the levels of training of cadets of military institutes to work with military personnel serving under a contract are presented.
Distance learning for primary school studends of musical art
Authors: Sharafieva L. M. , Mukhametshin A. G.
Published: July 2022

The article deals with the self-actualizing personality of a younger student in the conditions of distance learning and the development of skills of self-motivation, self-esteem, self-correction in the development of musical art. The relevance of the topic is connected with the challenges of modernity. The purpose of the article is to quantify the qualitative indicators of the level of self-actualization in the distance learning of musical art. The task of the study is to calculate the coefficient of correlation indicators, which are conducted with a time amplitude, where the tests of SAT Shostrom, A. Panchenko, M. Rosenberg, A.V. Zverkov's test questionnaire, E.V. Eidman are used. The novelty of the work consists in combining musical art from the point of view of the psychology of learning in a distance format, where knowledge is transmitted by other teaching methods.