bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECTS OF AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES ON INCOME RISK IN
LITHUANIAN DAIRY FARMS
Authors: Ferto Imre , Stalgienė Aldona
Published: December 2016

The aim of the paper is to investigate the effects of agricultural subsidies on income variability
of Lithuanian dairy farms. In addition, the observed heterogeneity in income risks across
farms and time is explained in terms of farm characteristics. It was employed balanced farm-level
panel data of the Lithuanian farm accountancy network (FADN) was used to construct coefficients
of variation of five-year gross farm revenues over the period 2010 to 2014. Various econometric
models are applied to measure the effect of off-farm income, total subsidies, farm size, and financial
immobility on the variability of gross farm incomes. Estimations suggest that agricultural subsidies,
liquidity have positive impact on income risk. The age of farmers negatively influences the income
risk. There is non-linear relationship between farm size and income risk.
REKLAMOS PARDAVIMO VIETOJE PADĖTIS: NEUROMARKETINGO
ASPEKTAS
Authors: Grigaliūnaitė Viktorija , Pilelienė Lina
Published: December 2016

Straipsnyje analizuojama reklamos pardavimo vietoje padėties įtaka vizualiniam vartotojų
dėmesiui. Intensyvėjant vartotojų gyvenimo tempui, dėmesys, skiriamas organizacijų reklaminėms
žinutėms mažėja, o prasibrauti pro reklaminį triukšmą tampa vis sudėtingiau. Organizacijos investuoja
į reklamą, kuri dažnai ne tik nepasiteisina, bet lieka nepastebėta dėl netinkamai parinktos vietos.
Tyrimai rodo, kad pardavimo vietoje pateikiama reklama vartotojų yra vertinama palankiai, tačiau
mokslinio pagrindimo tinkamai vietai parinkti vis dar nepakanka. Straipsnio tikslas – nustatyti
reklamos pardavimo vietoje padėtis, pritraukiančias daugiausiai vartotojų vizualinio dėmesio. Siekiant
tikslo, atliekamas vartotojų žvilgsnio sekimo eksperimentas, naudojant mobilią akies judesio
sekimo video sistemą, įrašančią akies žvilgsnio duomenis. Nustatyta, kad, siekiant didinti reklamos
pardavimo vietoje efektyvumo tikimybę, palankiau reklamos padėtimi pardavimo vietoje pasirinkti
kairiąją pusę; reklamos padėtimi pardavimo vietoje pasirinkus dešiniąją pusę ar centrinę padėtį,
reikšmingų vartotojų vizualinio dėmesio skirtumų nenustatyta.
MODELING LOCAL RESOURCES AND CONSTRAINTS ON THE ENERGY
DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Lekavičius Vidas , Galinis Arvydas
Published: December 2016

Renewable energy and local resources play increasingly important role in the contemporary
energy system. However, many energy planning models fail to represent peculiarities and constraints
related to the use of bioenergy and other local resources. The purpose of this research is to
evaluate the impact of modelling methods used for the reflection of local energy and non-energy resources
and constraints in energy planning models. For this, scientific literature concerning modelling
methods has been analysed and special mathematical model has been created. This model allows
for optimization of heat production in different generation sources. Global sensitivity and uncertainty
analysis has revealed the most influential factors in both traditional specification of the
model and extended one which includes reflection of local resources and constraints. The results of
the research highlight the positive effects provided by the integration of local peculiarities into the
traditional energy planning models.
THE ROLE OF TRADITIONAL CRAFT CENTERS IN SAFEGUARDING
CULTURAL HERITAGE
Authors: Ribašauskienė Erika , Šumylė Diana
Published: December 2016

Maintaining cultural heritage is an essential element of any effort to realize the growth potential
and promote sustainability and vitality of rural areas. Founding of traditional craft centers in
Lithuania was initiated in 2009 as a way to implement heritage safeguarding measures. Scientific
problem was formulated as follows: did these centers prove to be an effective instrument of heritage
policy? The present paper aimed at investigating the extent, to which traditional craft centers had
implemented its role in safeguarding cultural heritage, and present recommendations for the improvement.
Interview questionnaire was sent to 20 municipalities and 51 LAGs, responsible for the
establishment of centers. It was identified that craft centers implemented measures, related to safeguarding
of cultural heritage, rather actively and qualitatively. On the other hand, not all measures
were implemented sufficiently, what made the process of safeguarding traditional crafts not continuous
but partly fragmented. Improvement of traditional crafts centers resource management along
with promotion of cooperation between TCC, operating in the same municipality, is recommended.
COMPETITIVENESS OF DAIRY PRODUCTS EXPORT TO RUSSIA AND
ALTERNATIVE MARKETS
Authors: Stankaitytė Birutė
Published: December 2016

In order to protect certain sectors, Russia has introduced some new protectionist measures
for EU agricultural products such as meat and dairy products. Russia is a member of WTO for four
years, but is still not respecting its WTO commitments concerning the liberalisation of trade regime.
The research was conducted in order to measure the level of competitiveness of Lithuanian dairy
products in trade with Russia and in alternative markets. Measuring the competitiveness, International
competitiveness index in the specific (local) region (LIIC) was used. The research has found an
increase in the competitiveness of export of dairy products in EU-28 countries and countries outside
the EU markets. The results differed by level of competitiveness among two groups of countries. In
the period of analysis, LIIC index was higher in the first group than in the second group of EU
countries.
First record of Ixodes ariadnae in Western Europe, Belgium — Short communication
Authors: Hornok Sándor , Krawczyk Aleksandra
Published: December 2016

Fourteen long-legged ixodid ticks (6 nymphs and 8 larvae) were collected from Bechstein’s bat (Myotis bechsteinii) in Rochefort, Belgium. All ticks were morphologically identified as Ixodes ariadnae, based on their long legs (Haller’s organ longer than maximum diameter of tarsus I), broad palps and posteriorly reverse bell-shaped scutum with wavy surface. The DNA was extracted from these ticks, followed by PCR amplification of part of their cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. All obtained sequences were 100% identical with each other, and with the COI sequence of I. ariadnae reported previously from Hungary and Germany. Taking into account that the collection site in the present study is close to the French border of Belgium, and migration of Bechstein’s bat is known between Belgium and France, it is reasonable to suppose that I. ariadnae also occurs in France. This is the first record of I. ariadnae in Western Europe, outside its formerly known geographical range (Central Europe).
Effects of butyrate on the insulin homeostasis of chickens kept on maize- or wheat-based diets
Authors: Kulcsár Anna , Mátis Gábor , Molnár Andor , Petrilla Janka , Husvéth Ferenc , Huber Korinna , Dublecz Károly , Neogrády Zsuzsanna
Published: December 2016

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of butyrate as a feed supplement on the expression of insulin signalling proteins as potent regulators of metabolism and growth in Ross 308 broiler chickens fed maize- or wheat-based diets. Both diets were supplemented with non-protected butyrate (1.5 and 3.0 g/kg of diet, respectively) or with protected butyrate (0.2 g/kg of diet); the diet of the control groups was prepared without any additives (control). On day 42 of life, systemic blood samples were drawn for analyses of glucose and insulin concentrations, and tissue samples (liver, gastrocnemius muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue) were taken for Western blotting examinations. The expression of key insulin signalling proteins (IRβ, PKCζ and mTOR) was assessed by semiquantitative Western blotting from the tissues mentioned. The type of diet had a remarkable influence on the insulin homeostasis of chickens. The wheat-based diet significantly increased IRβ and mTOR expression in the liver as well as mTOR and PKCζ expression in the adipose tissue when compared to animals kept on a maize-based diet. IRβ expression in the liver was stimulated by the lower dose of non-protected butyrate as well, suggesting the potential of butyrate as a feed additive to affect insulin sensitivity. Based on the results obtained, the present study shows new aspects of nutritional factors by comparing the special effects of butyrate as a feed additive and those of the cereal type, presumably in association with dietary non-starch polysaccharide- (NSP-) driven enteric shortchain fatty acid release including butyrate, influencing insulin homeostasis in chickens. As the tissues of chickens have physiologically lower insulin sensitivity compared to mammals, diet-associated induction of the insulin signalling pathway can be of special importance in improving growth and metabolic health.
Editorial
Authors: Jiménez Adriano Díez , Ascanio Adriana Consuegra
Published: December 2016

Los científicos sociales en su quehacer humanista y en sus modos de producir conocimiento con capacidad de explicación y transformación de la sociedad, se han visto en el compromiso de poner su ciencia al servicio de la comprensión de las distintas coyunturas y cambios sociales. Este acercamiento a la realidad subjetiva y objetiva no podría ser sino por medio de la academia, cuna del saber y el conocimiento.
Designing an Integrated Biological Sciences and a Social Accountability Medical Curriculum
Authors: McMillan Helen  Alice , Orsmond Paul , Zvauya Remigio
Published: December 2016

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. The behavioural and social sciences are now universally included in undergraduate curricula in the UK and the General Medical Council sets guidance on the purpose of their inclusion. The literature however indicates that a divide exists between these 'medicine in society' topics and the biological sciences within the curriculum. This separation is seen both in terms of curricular time set aside for such topics, and the value placed on their inclusion by stakeholders. At the University of Birmingham, the Graduate Entry Course (GEC) programme has successfully integrated these topics into the undergraduate curriculum. The result is that our medical students learn, from early on in their career, that a working understanding of these topics is essential if they are to practice as holistic, social accountable doctors. The following paper presents and discusses year one of the graduate entry course, as a single case study, from which others may learn.
Where is the Patient in Genomics Teaching?
Authors: Rebelo Hopkins Susie , Turner Linda
Published: December 2016

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. The molecular basis of genetics is often taught apart from the social and ethical implications and students struggle to contextualise clinical practice in genetics with wider implications for patients and families.An integrated approach to genomics teaching with case studies and role-plays that incorporates the biological, social and ethical learning allows students to explore these aspects holistically and can help students understand and communicate the implications for patients and their families of routine genetic tests.It is crucial for students to engage with the social and ethical implications of genomics from early on in the medical curriculum, as genomics and personalised medicine are now part of routine medical care.
Principal Components & Classification Analysis – Tool for Festuca rupicola Biodynamic Estimation Depending on Grassland Fertilisation
Authors: Harmanescu Monica , Sarateanu Veronica
Published: December 2016

The grassland forage must be monitored related to the quantitative and qualitative parameters. Festuca rupicola is one of the grass desired in grassland forage. It is necessary to have accessible statistical tools to monitor the Festuca rupicola biodynamic. The objective of the present research was to study that multivariate analysis technique Principal Components & Classification Analysis (PC&CA) can be used as a statistical tool for the estimation of Festuca rupicola biodynamic dependent of the fertilisation. The experimental results for Festuca rupicola cutting were collected in June and August 2009 from a hill permanent grassland ecosystem, with a substances flow anthropic influenced by the application of mineral and organic (sheep manure) fertilisers. The hill permanent grassland was situated in Banat, Romania, on a Calcic Luvisol. It was selected eight trials as PC&CA cases, the Festuca rupicola biodynamic data as supplementary variables, and as active variables the fertilisation data and ecological soil parameters. The correlation coefficients of Festuca rupicola biodynamic parameters (Fr1 and Fr2) were positively in mineral fertilisation case and negatively for sheep manure application. The Festuca rupicola biodynamic in June 2009 was high positive correlated with the Festuca rupicola biodynamic in August 2009 (0.835). The statistical data performed in the present study have shown that the multivariate analysis technique PC&CA can be used as a statistical tool for the estimation of Festuca rupicola biodymamic dependent of the mineral and/or organic fertilisation of hill grassland ecosystem.
Comparative study of proline accumulation of Some varieties of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) under water Stress Conditions.
Authors: Semiani Yasmina , Bradea Marie Stella , Benbelkacem Abdelkader , Semian Mohammed
Published: December 2016

Proline accumulation, as a marker of resistance to the abiotic constraints, was evaluated on seventeen genotypes of Durum wheat (Triticum Durum Desf) under water stress conditions. An experiment was implemented at INRAA research station located at Baraki, Algiers. The experimental design adopted is that of split plot design with water regime (irrigated and non irrigated treatments) as main plots and varieties as sub plots and three repetitions. Proline accumulation was significantly increased under water stress (p<0.01). There was differences between varieties and their interaction with water regimes (p<0.001) and 04 groups were identified. When plants are subjected to water stress they increase their rate of proline, this enables to improve the capacity of the cell to maintain it turgor pressure at low water potential. Key words: Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.), Proline accumulation, resistance, water stress.
The Effects of Phosphate Solubilizing Rhizobacteria on Soybean (Glycine max. L.) Plants Grown under Insoluble Phosphate Fertilization
Authors: Rotaru Vladimir
Published: December 2016

The aim of this study was to assess the comparative efficacy of two phosphorus solubilizing rhizobacteria namely Burkholderia cepacia B36 and Enterobacter radicincitans D5/23T combined with insoluble phosphates in soybean (Glycine max. L.). Inoculated plants were grown in sand culture under controlled greenhouse conditions. All the inoculated treatments showed better plant growth and nutrient uptake when compared to uninoculated control. The inoculation with B. cepacia performed better than with E. radicincitans. Phosphorus concentrations in shoots and roots did not change significantly at the early stage of plant growth. However, the bacterial inoculation had better stimulatory effect on phosphorus uptake by soybean fertilized with insoluble phosphates, in particular in treatment with combined application of both bacteria strains.
Changes of Mycorrhizal Colonization in Winter Wheat Due to Mineral Inputs
Authors: Stoian Vlad , Vidican Roxana , Rotar Ioan , Păcurar Florin
Published: December 2016

Winter wheat is a plant commonly used in agronomic systems. Potential for adaptation of this species has lead to connecting its roots with mycorrhizal symbiotic fungi. Mineral inputs, especially phosphorous, produces oscillation in the functioning of mycorrhizal mechanism. Autumn fertilization is beneficial for the arbuscular circuit, stimulating the plant to enter into symbiosis. The degree of colonization increases due to fertilization applied in the spring, but has low values when the supplement is missing. The maximum intensity of colonization is less than 66% and is achieved only under 27-13,5-0 NPK fertilization.
Changes of the Microbial Community in Corn Soil Due to the Synergism Zeolite-Mineral Fertilizers
Authors: Vidican Roxana , Stoian Vlad , Rotar Ioan , Pacurar Florin , Sfechiș Susana
Published: December 2016

Microbial communities in agricultural ecosystems are characterized by a strong dynamic and radical change due to technological inputs applied. Corn is cultivated on large areas with high requirements for nutrients and an increased potential for activation of specific microbial groups. The aim of this study was to assess the unilateral and synergic effect of zeolite and mineral fertilizers on the development and transformation of microbial functional groups in the rhizosphere of corn. Physiological profile assessment of microbial communities has been carried out on the basis of substrate induced respiration, monitored over a period of 6 hours of incubation. The amount of CO2 registered in Microresp plates represents the activity of functional groups in decomposition of each type of substrate applied. Characteristic groups of microorganisms in maize rhizosphere are capable of decomposing acids: citric, L-malic, oxalic and α-Ketoglutaric. These substrates indicate the presence of high concentrations of organic matter in soil and the existence of a biological crust on the surface (citric acid), respectively the existence of powerful processes for the decomposition of organic material by actinomycetes (α-Ketoglutaric acid). The highest microbial activities were observed in groups of bacteria involved in processes of plant growth promotion and microbial groups with an important role in the processes of denitrification (oxalic acid). For the application of urea a triple value of activity of this type of microflora is observed. Functional groups codominant in soils cultivated with corn are specialized in efficient degradation of organic matter and biological crust, zeolite providing the complex substrate necessary for the development of these microorganisms.
Dynamics of Microbial Functional Groups in Rhizosphere of Spring Barley
Authors: Stoian Vlad , Vidican Roxana , Rotar Ioan , Sfechiș Susana
Published: December 2016

Plant rhizosphere is the portion of soil which is in direct contact with the plant roots. From the microbiological point of view, this area is characterized by strong dynamic of functional groups with high specificity towards the substrate available. Spring barley is a crop with high requirements to the composition of the microflora in the rhizosphere, disturbances produced by agronomic inputs affecting the stability of rhizospheric contact interfaces and ultimately the plant growth. Analysis of changes within the microbial community was carried out with the purpose of defining the disruptive impact of mineral inputs and potential of zeolite to reduce these disruptions. Microbial functional groups were analyzed on the basis of the CO2 export under the specific conditions of soil inoculation on specific substrates over a time period of incubation. Microresp detection plates allow evaluation of a large number of samples under identical conditions of inoculation and the establishment of dynamics of the entire microbial community. The dynamics of the entire microbial communities (basal respiration) is stimulated to increase in case of unilateral application of zeolite and zeolite as a buffer for urea fertilization. General growth trend of microbial communities follows proportional the associated application of zeolite with urea, the most powerful non-symbiotic nitrogen fixation processes being stimulated by this combination of fertilizers. Simultaneously, an increase in the dynamics of denitrifiers was observed, also the decomposition of lignin and cellulose and biological crust formation due to the proliferation of cyanobacteria. Rhizosphere of barley plants is characterized by the presence of actinomycetes as dominant in functional microbial community of all experimental variants analyzed with a high capacity for biological degradation and raised mineralization of organic matter.
Measures to Prevent and Combat Pear Scab (Venturia pirina) in the Climate Conditions of Lapusel
Authors: Mihălescu Lucia , Voşgan Zorica , Mare Roşca Oana , Marian Monica , Jelea Stela , Pop Flavia , Domuţa Anca , Maxim Aurel , Cordea Mirela
Published: December 2016

In this paper we studied the emergence and development of pear scab (Venturia pirina), as well as the combat methods, testing a couple of fungicides. The aim of the research has been to highlight the resistance, respectively the sensitivity of some pear varieties against the fungi attack, in order to make recommendations for the new plantations, as well as the testing of 7 fungicides, remarking the product with the highest biological effectiveness. The researches were conducted in the years 2013-2014 at the company SC Mecanochim Lapusel, Maramures County. The experiments were conducted on plots planted with the Olivier de Serres and Bergamotte Crassane varieties. The attack was calculated determining the attack frequency, intensity and degree. The linear-interrupted method was used, comprising 3 variants of 5 trees each. Analyzing the climate data, it has resulted that in 2013 scab had favourable development and attack conditions. The Olivier de Serres variety was noted for its resistance to fungus attack, with a frequency of 0.2-1.3% on fruits and insignificant frequency on leaves, for all 7 tested product variants. The Bergamotte Crassane variety was placed on the other end, with a higher frequency and intensity, both on fruits (2-3%) and on leaves (2.5-3.5%). The infections diminished in 2014 due to the unfavourable climatic conditions. Three products had better results, from the seven tested products, thus: Alcupral 50PU, Stroby DF and Chorus 50 WG.
Using Remote Sensing Techniques in Environmental Management
Authors: Herbei Mihai Valentin , Herbei Roxana , Smuleac Laura , Salagean Tudor
Published: December 2016

The Geographical Information Systems technology is used in many fields where the spatial information is very important and relevant, that means in all fields that use a system for saving, analyzing and representing the data which are processed. The aim of this paper is using modern technology for monitoring the environment. Geographical Information System together with remote sensing have a very important role in decision process regarding the environment. Integration of remote sensing images in a Geographical Information System which enables complex spatial analysis is a useful and modern solution for environmental management and decision-making process. Satellite images contain various information that can support environmental monitoring, images that can be analyzed and interpreted in various ways by using the Geographical Information System tools.
Processing and Use of Satellite Images in Order to Extract Useful Information in Precision Agriculture
Authors: Herbei Mihai Valentin , Popescu Cosmin Alin , Bertici Radu , Smuleac Adrian , Popescu George
Published: December 2016

Image analysis methods were developed and diversified greatly in recent years due to increasing speed and accuracy in providing information regarding land cover and vegetation in urban areas. The aim of this paper is to process satellite images for monitoring agricultural areas. Satellite images used in this study are medium and high resolution images taken from QuickBird and SPOT systems. Based on these images, a supervised classification was performed of a very large area, having as result the land use classes. Supervised classification can be defined as the ability to group the pixels that compose the satellite image, digitally, in accordance with their real significance. Gaussian algorithm of maximum similarity (Maximum likelihood) was used, referred to in the specialty literature as maximum likelihood method or probabilistic classification, and based on the use of probability theory (function Gaussian) to compare the spectral values of each pixel in hand with statistical " fingerprint "of each area of interest. Practically, conditional probabilities were calculated of belonging to one class or another. The points in the middle of the group have a higher probability of belonging to the certain class, probability intervals (concentric isolines or contours of equal probability) being delimited graphically by izocontours expressing spectral variations within each set of training.
Water Quality, Essential Condition Sustaining the Health, Production, Reproduction in Cattle. A Review
Authors: El Mahdy Cristina Iuliana , Boaru Anca , Popescu Silvana , Borda Cristin
Published: December 2016

The main component of the body: the water, alongside with many function which it has,represents a constituent in the diet of animal. There are many and various factors that influence the daily water requirements of animals: some dependent on animal: and others dependent on the environment. Water quality administered to livestock must meet the requirements for potability prerequisite to maintaining the health, externalization full productive potential and sustaining breeding. Knowing the importance of water quality consists in the negative action which can exert on the body to exceeding certain thresholds translated through: reducing water consumption simultaneously with the decrease milk production, decreased feed conversion rate and average daily gain, degradation of health status by reducing the local resistance, decrease overall body resistance, metabolic, digestive, skeletal disorders and impaired reproduction sphere translated through:decreasing fertility, abortions; elements interfering with the absorption of other essential water body, producing chronic or acute poisoning. The water composition plays essential role depending on which is supplemented or not as the case the quantity of the macro and trace minerals from feedingstuff  according to the synergism or antagonism action between  the minerals present.
SERUM LIPIDOMIC BIOMARKERS FROM PATIENTS WITH PROSTATE PATHOLOGY, IDENTIFIED BY HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY COUPLED WITH MASS SPECTROMETRY
Authors: Lazar Gligor Andrei , Romanciuc Florina , Crisan Nicolae , Socaiu Carmen
Published: December 2016

Introduction: Lipidomics can offer an instant picture of the lipophilic metabolites from tissues and biofluids and can indicate the evolution of different pathologies, such as hyperplasia or different types of cancers. Related to these pathologies, Prostate Serum Antigen (PSA), proved to have a low grade prediction for an accurate diagnosis. Meanwhile, untargeted or targeted metabolomics became a useful advanced technology to discover new biomarkers for a better diagnosis.Aims: To  realize an adequate procedure based on liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) to determine the profile of lipids from blood serum, followed by adequate biostatistics.Materials and Methods: Blood samples, obtained from healthy men and patients with prostate benign hyperplasia,  post-biopsy cancer and post-surgery cancer were processed for lipid extraction and subjected to HPLC–ESI(+)QTOF-MS measurements, followed by the multivariate analysis (PCA and Cluster Analysis) with Unscrambler 10.1 software. TofControl 3.2 and Data Analysis 4.2 software (BrukerDaltonics) were used for the control of the instrument and data processing.Results: The molecules responsible for such discriminations were identified to be mainly represented by lyso-phospatidylcholines. By Cluster Analysis, the dendograms showed good statistical clustering of samples, especially for cancer patients agains controls and less clustered for hyperplasia.Conclusion: One can consider that molecules belonging to phospholipid family and diacyl /triacylglycerides or ceramides or carnitines can be considered potential biomarkers for hyperplasia and prostate cancer.
Influence of Collection Frequency on the Quality of Ejaculates from Large White and Pietrain Boars
Authors: Miclea Vasile , Gyorgy Ilona , Miclea Ileana , Zahan Marius , Nagy Alexandru , Potra Aurel
Published: December 2016

Semen from Large White and Pietrain boars was collected at 3 and 4 day intervals. Volume, percentages of live, immature and motile spermatozoa and tail abnormalities were evaluated in order to assess ejaculate quality. The number of insemination doses per ejaculate was calculated for each breed and collection frequency. Reducing the interval between collections doesn’t modify ejaculate volume and spermatozoa motility but it increases the percentage of gametes that are immature or have an abnormal tail. A collection frequency of 3 days is better because the number of insemination doses per year is higher.
Growth Dynamic and Physiological Status of Calves for Meat Production
Authors: Miresan Vioara , Taran Petru , Raducu Camelia , Coroian Aurelia , Cocan Daniel
Published: December 2016

Cattle farming for meat is an activity specific for Romanian zootechnics. Generally, beef cattle farmers acquire claves from the local population. The condition and welfare of calves can be determined based on weight gain and hematological indices. The purpose of our research was to determine the growth dynamic of calves subjected to fattening and to determine the physiological status on growth stages, by hematological investigations. Our research was conducted at the SC ITL AGROCOMPLEX farm – Lechinţa, Bistriţa-Năsăud County. Growth indices (TG – total gain; ADG – average daily gain) were determined based on successive measurements and weightings. The physiological status was determined by hematological analyses (WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, leukocytic formula). The experiment lasted for 33 days, 10 calves being studied. The initial mean weight was 53.5±0.513 kg, and the final mean weight was 91.7±0.445 kg, resulting a total gain (TG) of 38.2 kg and an average daily gain (ADG) of 1.158 kg/day. Generally, the obtained hematological values showed a gradual improvement of the physiological status of the calves. Starting with somewhat higher leukocyte values (WBCinitial=10.61±0.329 x 109/L), their level slowly decreased towards the end of the experiment (WBCfinal=8.92±0.204 x 109/L). Regarding other hematological indices, these presented relatively constant values: RBCinitial=9.44±0.151 x 1012/L vs. RBCfinal=9.35±0.114 x 1012/L; HGBinitial= 9.92±0.234 g/dl vs. HGBfinal=9.24±0.155 g/dl; HCTinitial=30.5±0.604% vs. HCTfinal=30.15±0.389%. The obtained results show optimum values for growth dynamic. Also, the hematological indices indicate good maintenance, growth and feeding conditions existent in the farm, the indices improving during the experiment.
Nigella Sativa and Oriental Spices with Protective Role in Iron Intoxication: in vivo Experiments on Rabbits
Authors: Ahmadi Mirela , Dronca Dorel , Dodi Gianina , Milovanov Cornelia , Gavojdian Dinu , Dumitru Cristian , Scurtu Mihaela
Published: December 2016

Homeostasis of hematological parameters is essential for assuring a general health status for any living organism. Iron is one of the essential mineral, involved in many vital processes – mainly in blood cells production, but in the same way it can become toxic in very high concentration. Hemoglobin and red blood cells are directed related with the iron ion, due to the high quantity (70%) of total iron from organism being part of the blood (hemoglobin) and muscle (myoglobin) cells. Ferrous ion is part of hemoglobin structure, and red blood cells. But, the administration of high doses of iron can negatively affect the general health status, because the iron alters the enzymatic system in the vital organs. The aim of our experimental study was to verify the hypothesis that in rabbit’s organism, after intraperitoneal administration of 15g Fe2+/body weight as ferrous-gluconate hydro solution, a special diet based on a complex, fresh, organic vegetables (roots and leaves) protects the organism by iron intoxication and help the hematological homeostasis. The research experiment was conducted during 43 days in summer time, on German Lop Eared breed young rabbits, which were protected with a diet that consisted of administration of Nigella sativa, some oriental spices (Allium ampeloprasum, Allium tuberosum, Coriandrum sativum, Eruca sativa, Cucumis sativus, Raphanus sativus, Trigonella foenum-graecum) and other vegetables (Trifolium, Petroselinum crispum, Dacus carrota subsp.sativus and Cucumis sativus). At the final of experiment we collected blood samples for hematological test and we evaluated the erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and red cell distribution width. The results were analytical evaluated and only for hemoglobin we obtained significant increase value in experimental rabbits compared to control group of rabbits.
THE EFFECTS OF SOME PREBIOTIC PRODUCTS (ACTIGEN, BIOTRONIC TOP3) ON THE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION INDICES IN BROILER CHICKENS
Authors: Bentea Mihai Iacob , Marti Radu , Sara Aurel , Toader Ionel , Gabor Erol Florian
Published: December 2016

The prebiotics are natural or synthetic organic substances that favour the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the gastro-intestinal tract, thus maintaining the animals healthy and productive and subsequently increasing the production performances. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of prebiotic products (Actigen and Biotronic Top3) on the main production and consumption indices of broilers. The study was conducted on a 75 broiler chicken Ross-308 hybrids divided in three groups, over a period of 42 days. Group 1(E) received combined feeds with the Actigen prebiotic for 42 days as follows: 0.08% in the starter phase (1-14 days), 0.04% in the grower phase (14-35 days) and 0.02% in the finisher phase (35-42 days). The broilers in group 2(E) were administered feeds containing prebiotic Biotronic Top3 (0.1%) for the whole duration of the study. The broilers in the control group were fed the base feed only. The broilers from all groups were weighed at the beginning and every following week; their average body weight, daily weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were determined. The use of the Actigen in experimental group 1(E) led to a body mass increase of 11.26%, to an 11.54% higher daily weight gain and to the reduction of the FCR by 2.31% compared to the control group. In Group 2(E) receiving Biotronic Top3, an increase was recorded for the body mass (9.25%) and daily weight gain (9.49%), the FCR being the same as the one recorded in the control group. These results confirm the favourable influence of prebiotics on the production performances of broiler chickens.
Age Structure and Growth Dynamics of European Chub, Squalius cephalus, Linnaeus 1758 (Actinpterygii: Cyprinidae) from two Catchments in Transylvania-Romania
Authors: Miresan Vioara , Latiu Calin , Cocan Daniel
Published: December 2016

In recent years, research on water monitoring involves more and more the analysis of ichtyofauna in many aspects such as: the number of fish species, their distribution in the catchment sectors, the ratio between them, the dominant species, and growth dynamics and age structure of fish populations.  The chub (Squalius cephalus), is in this case an indicator species. It is present in most rivers in Romania and it is well represented numerically. The specimens for our study were collected from the Someşul Mic River (Cluj County) respectively Târnava (Alba County). Growth dynamics in this case is a comparison tool, perfect for fish populations. Age category distribution from the catchments taken into study is also a tool that gives us important information. The absence of some age categories is a question mark related to environmental accidents that occurred on a river or river sector. Through this study, we intend to demonstrate that growth dynamics and age structure are effective tools for characterizing and comparing fish populations.
BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY FROM FIVE TYPES OF SEEDLINGS
Authors: Copaciu Florina Maria , Bunea Andrea , Berengea Loredana , Andrei Sanda , Rugina Dumitrita , Pintea Adela
Published: December 2016

After germination process, the green seedlings accumulate important quantities of bioactive compounds such as: enzymes, vitamins, minerals, chlorophylls and nutrients. The current study presents a comparison between different bioactive compounds and their antioxidant capacity, after the seedling germination and growth of five seeds (arugula, lentil, wheat, beans and mustard) both on soil, in a pot (natural system), and directly on cotton wool soaked, in water (artificial system). In this study the carotenoids content and the antioxidant capacity were analysed. The data of the present study showed that the highest amount of zeaxanthin and β - carotene was found in cultivars of wheat grown in natural system, while the highest antioxidant activity was found in cultivars of wheat, lentils and beans, though in this case with no statistical differences between the systems. The results show statistical differences between the values of bioactive compounds in the five types of seedlings but also in the values obtained for the same seedlings in different systems. The best cultivars for improving the nutritional quality for human consumption are wheat seedlings followed by lentil ones.
Study Regarding the Production and Characterization of Rose Petal Jam Enriched with Saint John`s Wort (Hypericum Perforatum) Essential Oil
Authors: Bors Maria Doinita , Petrut Georgiana Smaranda , Tofana Maria , Socaci Sonia , Farcas Anca
Published: December 2016

The  purpose of this study was to extract the volatile oil from St. John's wort and use it to obtain a new product with improved qualities and real health benefits. In order to characterize the innovative product, several physicochemical analyses were conducted (dry matter, ash content, total sugar, total acidity, vitamin C, flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity). Also the consumer perception was followed by conducting a sensory analysis. The study revealed that the adition of H. perforatum essential oil in the rose petal jam imporved the vitamin C and flavoinoid content and also the antioxidant capacity of the product, meanwhile the  dry matter, ash content and total sugar determinations were normal for the free pectin jam category.
Studies Concerning the Economic Efficiency and Quality of the Vegetal Sausages
Authors: Salagean Claudiu Dan , Tibulca Dorin
Published: December 2016

The purpose of performed research aimed to establish the influence of protein supplements on the quality and economic efficiency in the processing of a certain semi-smoked sausage assortment using two experimental processing technologies: with 3% soy protein derivatives as supplements and 100% soy protein derivatives as vegetal raw materials. The results revealed that, from an economical point of view, the vegetal processing technology (with exclusively vegetal raw materials) was more efficiently than the supplemented processing technology (with protein derivatives as supplements) and from qualitatively point of view, the obtained values have been in accordance with the in force STAS-es.
Characterization of Confectionery Spreadable Creams Based on Roasted Sunflower Kernels and Cocoa or Carob Powder
Authors: Racolta Emil , Muste Sevastita , Muresan Andruta Elena , Muresan Crina Carmen , Bota Monica Maria , Muresan Vlad
Published: December 2016

CSpreadable creams are solid-oil suspensions, a mix of fats represents the oil phase, the dispersed phase consisting usually of sugar, cocoa powder, milled and roasted nuts, dried milk and whey. For improving the viscosity of the final product emulsifiers are used, most common being lecithin and mono and diglycerides. The present paper refers to a spreadable confectionery product group, creamy, proper to be eaten as it is, as well as spread on a bread slice or as a filling for cookies or chocolate cream. According to this work, the following ingredients were used: roasted sunflower kernels, sugar, palm oil, cocoa or carob powder and lecithin. The obtained product can be consumed also by persons who suffer from allergies, due the fact that sunflower seeds were replacing the peanuts or almond, the ingredients known as allergens and which are usually used in the technological process of obtaining these creams. The purpose of this study was to characterize the obtaining confectionery spreadable creams based on sunflower kernels, cocoa or carob powder. It was determined the chemical composition of the prototypes obtained, a spreadable cream having no cocoa or carob, one with cocoa and one with carob powder. The antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of the obtained samples were also assessed.
Effects of Wheat Flour Dough’s Viscoelastic Level by Adding Glucose Oxidase on its Dynamic Shear Properties whatever the Strain Modes
Authors: Kouassi Jean Didier Koffi , Muresan Vlad , Gnangui Sophie Nadège , Mudura Elena , Kouame Lucien Patrice
Published: December 2016

The objective of this work was to study the effects of wheat flour dough’s viscoelastic level by adding glucose oxidase (Gox) on its rheological properties at dynamic shear strain mode to predict the final product quality. Dough does display a linear viscoelastic domain. Glucose oxidase (Gox) was added to dough in order to enhance its viscoelasticity and to take into account the possible effects of this viscoelasticity on the results. Whatever the types of dough strain used G’ increased, tan δ decreased and led to less sticky dough. Wheat flour dough, an increase in G’ with extension may be associated to a strain-hardening phenomenon but the role of dough viscoelasticity is discussed.
Studies on Juice Quality Obtained from Pomegranate and Various Vegetables Additions
Authors: Pop Anamaria , Muste Sevastita , Muresan Crina , Jula Simona
Published: December 2016

Nowadays, the interest in antioxidants, mainly present in fruits and vegetables, has prompted research in the field of commercial beverages. Taking into account new requirements to improve the quality of feeding behaviour by getting juices without added sugar, the consumer health benefits and high organoleptics properties, it was decided to study the correlation quality of raw pomegranates with other vegetables such as celery, carrot and sharon fruit in order to obtain pomegranate juice with vegetable additions. The vegetable raw materials were chosen in order to improve the quality and organoleptic properties of the pomegranate juice with vegetable additions by optimizing the “in-house” method, to obtaining a stable formulation. The main objectives of the study were characterization of raw and addition materials, studied by psycho-chemical analysis, evaluating of the antioxidant capacity of 4 types of pomegranate juice with additions in different proportions,  establish the best type of mixture juice. Consumer preference was established in sensory analysis  based on hedonic test with 9 point scale, the type of juice with additions with the following concentrations: pomegranate 50%, Sharon 10%, celery 30%, carrot 10%. Positive correlations were performed between antioxidant capacity and type of juice preferred by consumers.
OFTIFEL PERSONALIZED NUTRITIONAL CALCULATOR
Authors: BETHKE Malte , MURESAN Lavinia , TRIF Monica
Published: December 2016

A food calculator for elderly people was elaborated by Centiv GmbH, an active partner in the European FP7 OPTIFEL Project, based on the functional requirement specifications and the existing recommendations for daily allowances across Europe, data which were synthetized and used to give aims in amounts per portion. The OPTIFEL Personalised Nutritional Calculator is the only available online tool which allows to determine on a personalised level the required nutrients for elderly people (65+). It has been developed mainly to support nursing homes providing best possible (personalised) nutrient enriched food to their patients. The European FP7 OPTIFEL project “Optimised Food Products for Elderly Populations” aims to develop innovative products based on vegetables and fruits for elderly populations to increase length of independence. The OPTIFEL Personalised Nutritional Calculator is recommended to be used by nursing homes.
Special Beer obtained by Synchronous Alcoholic Fermentation of Two Different Origin Substrates
Authors: MUDURA Elena , COLDEA Teodora Emilia , PLESCA Victor , FARCAS Anca
Published: December 2016

Beer is the most consumed alcoholic beverage worldwide. Both beer and wine are  recognized since ancient times for their health benefits. Nowadays, these beverages are consumed for its sensory, social interaction, and recently even in culinary dishes. In addition, studies showed the benefits of beer moderate consumption on health. Beer is a low-alcohol beverage and also presents many nutritional properties outlined by its nutritional content rich in vitamins, minerals and antioxidants that come from the raw material (malt and hop). Wishing to attract as many niches of consumers, brewers tend to produce every year new and innovative beers. The purpose of this study was to develop the technology for an innovative special beer. The synchronous alcoholic fermentation of two different origin substrates – wort and grape must - was monitored and their composition was assessed in order to obtain special beer with superior sensory properties. Technological process was developed in the Winery Pilot Station of the UASVM Cluj-Napoca. Special beer was obtained by alcoholic fermentation of hopped dark wort with grape must from the autochthonous Feteasca neagra grapes variety. Second fermentation process was followed by the maturation (3 weeks at 5oC) in order to harmonize sensory qualities. The entire process was monitored considering fermentation and final products physicochemical parameters. The optimized ratio of the two fermentation substrates was of 2.5:3 on primary raw materials – beer wort and grapes must. The process was monitored on optimizing the fermentation process. The best fermentation yield was obtained when lower fermentation extracts were used. This study demonstrated that the simultaneous fermentation of the two substrates with different glucidic origin may proceed under controlled conditions and may be carried out so as to obtain the desired fermentation products with improved sensorial properties and increased health benefits.
Quality Evaluation of Bread Supplemented with Millet (Panicum Miliaceum L.) Flour
Authors: MAN Simona Maria , PAUCEAN Adriana , MUSTE Sevastita , POP Anamaria , MURESAN Elena Andruta
Published: December 2016

Bread baking from wheat and millet flours in different ratios was investigated. For this purpose, four experimental variants obtained by substituting wheat flour with different proportions (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) of millet flour were used. The bread with millet flour and the control samples were subjected to physicochemical and organoleptic analyses. Addition of millet flour in bread has improved its physicochemical and sensory attributes. Acceptable volume and crumb structure (porosity and elasticity) were achieved.  The present study indicated that 30% millet flour addition in the bread formulation led to an accepted product by consumers.