bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public Healthcare System in China: Issues, challenges and survival strategies
Authors: Luo Jiaxiang , Puteh Fadilah , Othman Sarina
Published: August 2024

Public Healthcare System in China faces numerous challenges due to the country's size, population, and socio-economic diversity. This paper intends to examine a modern management system for public hospitals to fulfil the needs of the society in the new era of China. It also explores the evolution of healthcare, growth of the healthcare sector, challenges, and survival strategies to the healthcare sector. With the strategic triangle as a base, the research will make attempts to translate the public value framework combined with the hospital context into a blueprint for solving some of the key challenges facing the healthcare service system.
Role of Local Government in Implementing Low Carbon City in Shah Alam
Authors: Azhar Farah Nadia , Mohd Zain Zarina , Ayob Nor Azira
Published: August 2024

Low Carbon City Framework (LCCF) provides a guideline for local government to plan new strategies in reducing the carbon footprint to achieve sustainable development goals in Shah Alam, Selangor. This paper aims to examine the local government’s role in reducing carbon emission for the benefit of the community. This study prepares a qualitative approach through semi-structured interviews. The findings found that the success of converting Shah Alam into a low carbon city, requires effective strategies which includes raising awareness, developing an action plans, and implementation and continuous improvements. Through these, the success of local government can be identified in terms of economy, social and health.
An Uphill Battle: A systematic literature review on the challenges of addressing Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) in the developing countries
Authors: Adam Ameena , Ahmad Yarina , Kassim Asiyah
Published: August 2024

Despite worldwide concern over child sexual abuse (CSA), studies on barriers of combating it are still limited. Most studies focusing on the contributing factors particularly from the societal perspectives. Hence this article presents a systematic literature review on challenges in addressing CSA in the context of developing countries in Asia. Using PRISMA protocol, 17 articles from 2017 till present were selected. Several themes emerged leading to the conceptualization of the challenges in dealing with CSA which include taboo and social stigma, poverty and economic vulnerability, witnesses of the legal system, lack of knowledge and institutional and structural challenges.
Towards the Establishment of Ombudsman in Malaysia: What can we learn from Sweden?
Authors: Abu Yahya Mohd Helmi , Mohd Hed Norhafiza
Published: August 2024

This paper analyses the establishment of the Ombudsman in Sweden by looking at its historical background, scope and effectiveness. The discussions are important to provide a best practise model to be applied by Malaysia in its efforts to establish an ombudsman. By using a qualitative approach through document analyses, the findings show that the Ombudsman Institution in Sweden is clear evidence of the country’s commitment to protecting people's rights and improving the quality of governance. The excellence of the Ombudsman Institution in Sweden largely depends on the procedures and practices of complaint management that can be adopted by other countries, mainly Malaysia.
U.S. Development Assistance, Democratization and State-Building in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Yağcı Sait , Lopez Pedro
Published: August 2024

This article investigates the U.S. development assistance role in democratization, state-building and sustainable growth in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The OECD and USAID reports and selected projects (2015-2022) were used to examine and analyze the U.S. development assistance in the democratization process and state-building. The statistical data on the U.S. aid allocation and projects comes largely from the OECD's annual publications and USAID reports. Because of different periods, approaches and priorities, this paper placed the U.S. development assistance in the historical context. The analysis of different democratization and state-building projects indicated the extent to which the programs implemented have generated desired progress and development.
An Empirical Study of Contract Governance and Relationship Governance and their Impact on Construction Project Performance
Authors: Mengdi Peng , Puteh Fadilah , Kassim Asiyah
Published: August 2024

The construction industry holds a pillar position in the national economy, but its efficiency paradox is increasingly prominent. An important finding of this study is that there is no contradictory relationship between contract incentives and contract adaptation in construction projects, that is, contract governance in construction projects can achieve both contract incentives and contract adaptation effects, both of which can promote project performance. This contradicts the opposing relationship between contract incentives and contract adaptation supported by existing research, which suggests that the enhancement of one effect always comes at the cost of the weakening of another effect.
Developing Enterprise Risk Management Disclosure Index using Factor Analysis
Authors: Syed Mohd Fuzi Sharifah Faatihah , Hassan Mohamat Sabri , Othman Sarina , Moulton Noorie Haryaniee
Published: August 2024

This study aims to explore the Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) disclosure by publicly listed firms in Malaysia. This study analyses a sample of 832 non-financial publicly listed firms in Malaysia between 2016-2019. This study used a more comprehensive index by embedding COSO-integrated ERM framework 2017 and ISO 31000. The data is analyzed using factor analysis to develop the ERM disclosure index. The results show that ERM disclosure consists of 4 main components: governance and culture, performance, objective setting, and reporting approach. Meanwhile, the level of ERM disclosure is still at a moderate level.
Malaysian Government's Unified Approach to Address National Food Security
Authors: Syafuddin Tan Mohd Zulhelmi , Bakar Ahmad Naqiyuddin , Ahmad Yarina
Published: August 2024

In Malaysia, following the COVID-19 disruption of food supply, the Cabinet Committee of National Food Security Policy was set up in 2020 as a whole-of-government effort to bring together strategies and action plans for food security at the national level. This study looks at how the policies of different ministries and central agencies match up with the progressive direction set by the committee. Even though there are varying focuses on the policies between the government bodies, a collective synergy emerges from their efforts. A document analysis of these key policies shows the government's commitment to ensuring enough food for everyone.
Perception and Possibilities of the Malaysian Commission of the Registry of Societies Establishment
Authors: Che Soh Mazlan , Yusof Radduan , Abdul Rahim Memiyanty , Zamzuri Norol Hamiza , Abdul Halim Hasliza , Ramli Lokman Effendi , Mohd Sibi Norhaslinda , Mohd Noor Norazam
Published: August 2024

This study explores how autonomy, authority, accountability, and ability impact the perception of the proposed Malaysian Commission of the Registry of Societies (SPPM) among NGOs in Malaysia. This study fills the gap in the limited research on establishing the Commission from the perspective of the NGOs. A survey was administered to 2229 individuals and analysed using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The study finds that autonomy and authority positively influence perception, while accountability and ability have an insignificant relationship. The study's findings will aid policymakers, government officials, and stakeholders in establishing and managing the SPPM.
The Role of Emotional Creativity and Self-Disclosure in Post-traumatic Growth Among Healthcare Workers After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Iqbal Anwar , Utami Muhana Sofiati
Published: August 2024

Previous studies have shown that healthcare workers experienced post-traumatic growth (PTG) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Various factors, such as social support, coping strategies, and deliberate rumination, were also reported to positively influence healthcare workers’ PTG. This study examined the role of emotional creativity and self-disclosure in the PTG of healthcare workers handling COVID-19 patients. The study involved 186 healthcare workers recruited through convenience sampling. The Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory - Expanded (PTGI-X), Revised Self-Disclosure Scale (RSDS), and Emotional Creativity Inventory (ECI) were used to collect data in this study. Based on multiple regression analyses, the model consisting of emotional creativity and self-disclosure was able to predict PTG (F = 15.54; p < 0.001). Partially, the results indicated that emotional creativity significantly predicted PTG (β= 0.337; 95% CI = 0.198 - 0.477), whereas self-disclosure did not (β = 0.112; 95% CI= -0.027 - 0.251). Additional analyses showed that healthcare professionals with more than 20 years of working experience had significantly higher PTG than those with 11 – 20 years of working experience. This study implies that flexibility in expressing emotions is a more preferred and impactful psychological resource in helping healthcare workers face similar traumatic events in the future.
Beta Masih Takut: The Story of Forgiveness and Intergroup Anxiety from Post-Conflict Survivors
Authors: Mashuri Muhammad Fath , Bono Suzanna Awang , Hi.Ishak Windasari
Published: August 2024

The prolonged conflict in the Moluccas from 1999 to 2003 continues to induce anxiety today, particularly among survivors. Fear is centered on affective aspects, such as the onset of anxiety and worry, leading to avoidance of other religious groups within their in-group. This is referred to as intergroup anxiety. Based on the results of a literature review, one of the factors that can influence the reduction of intergroup anxiety among post-conflict survivors is forgiveness. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of forgiveness on intergroup anxiety. This study is a quantitative research project. Participants in this study were survivors of the Moluccas conflict, totaling 165 respondents who were selected using snowball sampling techniques. The study utilized the TRIM (Transgression Related Interpersonal Motivation Inventory) instrument and the intergroup anxiety scale. The data were analyzed using a simple linear regression test, resulting in a p-value of 0.731 (p > 0.05). These results indicate that forgiveness does not necessarily alleviate intergroup anxiety. There was no observed effect of forgiveness on intergroup anxiety among post-conflict survivors of the Moluccas. Demographic variables, such as religion and the impacts of conflict, also did not influence or differentiate the emergence of anxiety between groups.
A Study on Cultural Tourism Development in Historic Districts from the Viewpoint of Social Innovation
Authors: CHEN JUN
Published: August 2024

The rapid rise of the cultural tourism industry has benefited from the strategic promotion of the integration of culture and tourism, a process that plays an indispensable and important role in enhancing the comprehensive competitiveness of the local economy, the cultural industry and the image of the city. The core of the charm of the historic district lies in the living inheritance and presentation of culture, which not only meets the aesthetic needs of the modern society, but is also closely related to the profound humanistic and historical development of the historic district. This study takes Taipei Dadaocheng Dihua Street as the main research object, adopts literature exploration and field observation method to conduct the study, and employs graphical inductive analysis to discover the humanistic landscape of Dihua Street in which the old and the new are intertwined. And using the social innovation theory as the theoretical support, it discusses in depth the innovative development direction of the historical district from the point of view of cultural and tourism integration.
Preparation and Evaluation of Medicated Oral Jelly
Authors: A. D Prof. Surywanshi.
Published: August 2024

Developed in the 20th century, oral medicinal jellies are still produced commercially and are still well-liked by customers. These are chewable solid dose forms that dissolve in the mouth or throat to provide either localized or systemic effects. They are taken orally. As a pharmacological composition, oral medicated jelly has some benefits but also certain drawbacks. They can be applied to the buccal, labial, gingival, and sublingual channels of drug administration, among other routes. These jellies, which come in flavors including chocolate, strawberry, pineapple, and mango, are over-the-counter drugs. They comprise medications for a number of ailments, including sore throat, antistatic, erectile dysfunction, arthritis, and hypertension. The Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare authorized a once-weekly oral program in 2012 The world's first medication for osteoporosis in a jelly formulation was approved by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare and is to be taken orally once a week. A process of heating and congealing is used in their formulation. Oral medicated jellies serve as a new dosage form with vast uses in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and over-the-counter drugs. This study offers formulation scientists insight into new uses for this drug delivery technology by focusing on several facets of oral medicated jelly formulation. Orodispersible dose formulations provide patients additional possibilities for medication administration. They are simple to use and don't need ingesting big, solid dose forms or consuming a lot of water. This research aims to develop and assess the mouth-dissolving film of lisinopril as an ACE inhibitor for the treatment of congestive heart failure and hypertension. When compared to traditional solid oral dose forms, these forms are thought to increase the bioavailability of medications.
Perceptions of Officer-Involved Shootings by Police Officers and Civilians
Authors: Pezdek Kathy
Published: August 2024

In the source article, the researchers explored how perception and memory for a use-of-force incident differed between officers who actually participated in the incident and civilians who only viewed body-worn camera (BWC) footage of the incident.
Police officers participated in two scenarios in a shooting simulator; civilians later viewed the BWC video of the officer’s participation. Numerous differences between these two groups were found when responding to questions about (a) what had happened during the incident and (b) what the perceived state of mind was of the officer during the incident.
The findings have important implications for the application of Graham v. Connor, 1989. This US Supreme Court decision provides the standard for determining whether the force used by an officer was justified. It is important to acknowledge that the perspective of an officer on scene is likely to differ from that of civilians who only view the officer’s BWC recording afterward.
Konstruksi Hukum Dalam Rangka Penguatan LPD Sebagai Lembaga Keuangan Milik Desa Adat di Provinsi Bali
Authors: Ida Bagus Alit Yogamaheswara  , I Made Dwija Suastana  , Ni Luh Made Elida Rani  , Agung Rio Swandisara  , Kadek Virra Melyana Dewi
Published: August 2024

LPD as an institution that has the authority to collect public funds for the welfare of traditional villages has many problems today. The root of the problem can be seen from: 1). The void of norms that explains LPD as a legal entity within the framework of legal norms but has operated like other financial institutions; 2). The lack of clarity in the supervision of the LPD has resulted in many problems and even cases of corruption. This void of legal norms creates doubts from the perspective of criminal law with customary law because the LPD is predicted to be an institution belonging to the traditional village but the traditional village does not have adequate tools to solve the problems that exist within the LPD, privately or publicly. Meanwhile, from a criminal law perspective, the Prosecutors and Police consider that the misappropriation of funds by the LPD is a criminal act of corruption and both cannot provide a solution to the problems desired by the community. This paper was written with the aim of providing a new understanding in legal standing of the LPD using the legal construction reasoning method in order to strengthen the status of the LPD as an institution under the customary village using the main legal sources where the expected result is that armed with an understanding of the legal construction, it can be used as a reference for traditional practitioners and law enforcers will be able to formulate good problem solving and fulfill a sense of justice in society. The method used for this research is normative legal research with primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials where what is being researched is to answer the void of norms in the LPDâ€™s position as legal subjects where with clear LPD legal standing there will be a legal discovery to make it easier for the government to formulate regulations.from the authority, supervision and law that is applied in the event of a legal problem.
Analisis Prosedur Pelaksanaan Itsbat Nikah Terhadap Perkawinan Sirri Berdasarkan Putusan Nomor : 473/PDT.P/2022/PA.LLG di Pengadilan Agama Lubuklinggau Kelas 1 B
Authors: Samosir Agustinus , Kristiani Rheza Dwi , Fitriyani Fitriyani
Published: August 2024

The procedure for implementing itsbat nikah provides legal protection because they obtain legal certainty from their marriage bond, so that all their rights can be recognized and protected. The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze the procedures for carrying out itsbat nikah, judges' considerations in deciding itsbat nikah cases and the factors that cause the applicant to apply for itsbat nikah based on decision number: 473/pdt.p/2022/PA.LLG. This type of research in legal research includes normative-empirical research. The approach used in this study is a legal approach in the form of legal norms, namely Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 16 of 2019 amendments to Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, and the Compilation of Islamic Law. The data collection techniques used are primary data and secondary data. The results of the study show that the procedure for implementing itsbat nikah is in accordance with the Book II Guidelines for the Implementation of Duties and Work Procedures of the Religious Courts. Consideration of the panel of judges in granting the itsbat of marriage to a siri marriage if it is in accordance with the pillars and conditions of Islamic marriage as well as the legal basis considerations, examines the case, its benefits, and puts forward syar'i arguments in its deliberations. The factor that became the reason for the applicant submitting hisbat marriage based on the decision number: 473/pdt.p/2022/PA.LLG was to complete the Umrah registration requirement investigators focus on Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning amendments to Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning marriage.
Prevalencia de anemia en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en estadio 4 y evaluación de eventos cardiovasculares
Authors: Courville Karen , Nuñez-Samudio Virginia , Bustamante Norman , Pecchio Maydelin , Cumbrera Raul , Pimentel Peralta Gumercindo , Landires Ivan
Published: August 2024

Contexto: la enfermedad renal crónica es un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial que ha presentado un aumento en la incidencia y prevalencia de enfermos renales en Panamá. La enfermedad cardiovascular constituye la principal causa de muerte en esta población y, a medida que disminuye la función renal y el filtrado glomerular estimado es menor de 30 ml/min, el porcentaje de pacientes que presentan algún grado de anemia aumenta, lo que contribuye al aumento del riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares que se asocian con un peor pronóstico en estos pacientes.
Objetivo: evaluar la prevalencia de anemia y la incidencia de eventos cardiovasculares en la población de pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica estadio 4.
Metodología: este estudio reporta una cohorte retrospectiva de 106 pacientes con diagnóstico de enfermedad renal crónica estadio 4 que han sido evaluados en la consulta ambulatoria de nefrología del Hospital Dr. Gustavo Nelson Collado, con el objetivo de evaluar la incidencia de eventos cardiovasculares en pacientes con anemia.
Resultados: un 57?% de los pacientes tenía Hb menor de 11 g/dl y un 35?% tenía anemia severa con hemoglobina menor de 10 g/dl. Las causas de enfermedad renal crónica más comunes fueron: en 87?% de los pacientes hipertensión y en 43?% diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Un 85?% de los pacientes del grupo de estudio presentaron algún evento cardiovascular, el 35?% en el grupo tuvo Hb mayor a 10,1 g/dl y un 50?% del grupo tuvo Hb menor de 10 g/dl.
Conclusiones: en el grupo con Hb menor de 10 g/dl, los eventos cardiovasculares se presentaron en el grupo con mayor pérdida de filtrado glomerular, por lo que evitar la progresión de enfermedad renal debe ser la estrategia más importante por implementar en todos los centros de atención primaria y la optimización de los valores de hemoglobina, durante el manejo en estadio 4, pudiera ser beneficioso para disminuir el riesgo cardiovascular antes del inicio de diálisis.
Asemptomatik Omuzlarda Skapular Diskinezinin, Skapular Endurans, Lumbal ve Servikal Kor Stabilite ile İlişkisi
Authors: Koçak Hüsamettin , Narin Ayşe Neriman , Yazgan Dağlı Beyza
Published: August 2024

Vücudun hareket ortaya çıkartırken bir bütün olarak çalıştığı düşüncesi kinetik zincir yaklaşımını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Kinetik zincir yaklaşımına göre omuzu asemptomatik bireylerde skapular diskinezi ile skapular endurans, servikal ve lumbal kor stabilite arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla kesitsel olarak planlanan çalışmaya, omuzları asemptomatik 18-60 yaş aralığında olan, son bir yıl içerisinde herhangi bir omuz problemi yaşamayan ve çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü 31 katılımcı dahil edildi. Çalışma kapsamında skapular diskinezi değerlendirmesi Gözlemsel Skapular Diskinezi Testi ve Lateral Skapular Kayma Testi kullanılarak yapıldı. Lumbal kor stabilite ve servikal kor stabilite değerlendirmeleri Pressure Biofeedback Unit kullanılarak yapıldı. Bel ve boyun bölgesini ilgilendiren özür durumunu sorgulamaları Oswestry Dizabilite İndeksi ve Boyun Özürlülük İndeksi kullanılarak yapıldı. Skapular endurans değerlendirmesi Skapular Endurans Testi kullanılarak yapıldı. Katılımcıların sosyodemografik özellikleri değerlendirme formuna kaydedildi. Çalışmada Lateral Skapular Kayma Testine göre 19 katılımcıda, Gözlemsel Skapular Diskinezi Testine göre 27 katılımcıda skapular diskinezi görüldü. Lateral Skapular Kayma Testi sonuçları ile lumbal kor stabilizasyon arasında orta düzeyde (p=0,026, r=-0,399) ve Gözlemsel Skapular Diskinezi Testi sonuçları ile lumbal kor stabilite arasında düşük düzeyde (p=-0,275, r=0,030) negatif bir ilişki bulundu. Lateral Skapular Kayma Testi sonuçları ile skapular endurans sonuçları arasında pozitif yönlü (p=0,007, r=0,476) bir ilişki bulundu. Çalışmamız sonuçları skapular diskinezi ile skapular kassal endurans, servikal ve lumbal kor stabilitenin ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir.
PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR DOMESTIK (GREY WATER) MENGGUNAKAN CANGKANG TIRAM (Saccostrea echinata) SEBAGAI BIOKOAGULAN
Authors: Bhernama Bhayu Gita , Erawati  , Yahya Husnawati
Published: August 2024

Pencemaran lingkungan diakibatkan oleh limbah domestik tanpa adanya pengolahan terlebih dahulu. Oleh karena itu, perlu dikembangkan metode dalam pengolahan limbah domestik Telah banyak metode yang digunakan dalam mengatasi pencemaran lingkungan akibat limbah domestik, salah satunya metode koagulasi-flokulasi. Metode koagulasi-flokulasi menggunakan cangkang tiram sebagai bioakulan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi massa koagulan dan kecepatan serta waktu pengendapan terhadap BOD dan COD. Koagulan yang digunakan adalah limbah cangkang tiram. Variasi massa koagulan yang digunakan yaitu 0 g/L; 10 g/L; 30 g/L; 50 g/L; dan 70 g/L. Variasi pengadukan cepat yaitu 100, 125 dan 150 rpm selama 30 menit, dengan pengendapan 30, 60 dan 90 menit. Penurunan BOD yang optimum dengan massa koagulan 50 g/L dengan kecepatan 125 rpm sebesar 82,4 %. Penurunan COD yang optimum dengan massa koagulan 50 g/L pada kecepatan 150 rpm sebesar 83,75 %. Dapat dilihat bahwa proses koagulasi-flokulasi menggunakan koagulan dari cangkang tiram mampu menurunkan kadar pencemar yang ada pada limbah cair domestik, sehingga dapat menjadi salah satu solusi dalam pengolahan limbah cair domestik.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN METANIL YELLOW PADA KUAH SATE PADANG DI ACEH BESAR DAN BANDA ACEH
Authors: Sari Ayu Nirmala , Mutia Intan Winda
Published: August 2024

Sate padang merupakan makanan khas Sumatera Barat yang mempunyai racikan bumbu yang berbeda pada masing-masing produsen. Bumbu yang digunakan dalam pembuatan kuah sate padang menjadi warna kuning yang mencolok merupakan ciri khas dari sate padang tersendiri. Fungsi dari bumbu dan rempah adalah memberi rasa pada makanan, Memberi warna pada makanan, Meningkatkan rasa dan aroma serta Membantu pencernaan makanan. Apa jadinya kalau perwarnaan tersebut merupakan zat yang berbahaya seperti Methanil Yellow. Methanil Yellow sendiri merupakan zat yang berbahaya bagi tubuh, zat pewarna terlarang ini digunakan dalam berbagai jenis makanan dan sering disalah gunakan yaitu Methanil Yellow. Pewarna sintetik Methanyl yellow berbahaya karena menimbulkan keracunan bahkan merusak sistem jaringan hati dan kanker kandung kemih. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat kandungan Methanyl yellow pada kuah sate padang yang dijual di sekitaran Aceh Besar dan Banda Aceh. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian simple random sampling. Sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 20 kuah sate padang. Instrumen penelitian dalam pemeriksaan laboratorium menggunakan Test Kit Methanyl yellow. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa 20 sampel kuah sate padang negatif tidak mengandung methanil yellow, disebakan tidak adanya perubahan warna yang terjadi setelah dicampurkan reagen kit test methanyl yellow. Maka dapat disampaikan bahwa bumbu kuah sate padang merupakan bumbu alami yaitu berupa kunyit dan aman dikonsumsi.
UJI MUTU DAN KEAMANAN KRIM TABIR SURYA DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN BELIMBING WULUH (Averhoa Bilimbi L)
Authors: Ardila Nita , Yulian Muammar , Harahap Muhammad Ridwan
Published: August 2024

Tabir surya adalah suatu sediaan yang mengandung senyawa kimia yang dapat menyerap, menghamburkan atau memantulkan sinar UV yang mengenai kulit sehingga dapat digunakan untuk melindungi struktur kulit manusia dari kerusakan akibat sinar UV. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mutu dan keamanan krim tabir surya berbahan aktif ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh (Averhoa Bilimbi L). Pembuatan krim tabir surya ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh menggunakan formulasi 3%, 6% dan 9%. Pengujian yang dilakukan berupa uji organoleptik, homogenitas, daya sebar, daya lekat, iritasi dan cemaran mikroba. Hasil pengujian organoleptik pada ke empat formulasi menunjukkan bentuk semi padat yang baik dalam pembuatan krim tabir surya. Pada pengujian homogenitas menunjukkan tekstur yang homogen tanpa adanya butiran-butiran halus, untuk pengujian daya sebar dan daya lekat menunjukan hasil yang baik, pada daya sebar hasil yang didapatkan tidak kurang dari 7 cm. Pengujian daya lekat hasil yang didapat tidak kurang dari empat detik. Pengujian iritasi pada ke empat sampel krim tabir surya tidak terdapat gejala reaksi iritasi yang menimbulkan terhadap 20 panelis. Uji cemaran mikroba pada ke empat formulasi sampel krim tabir surya mendapatkan hasil uji ALT memenuhi persyaratan BPOM No 12 Tahun 2019 yaitu tidak melebihi 103, angka kapang dan khamir (AKK) <10 dan negatif pertumbuhan bakteri S aureus. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini krim tabir surya yang dihasil dari penambahan ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh memiliki mutu dan keamanan yang baik dan juga tekstur yang baik sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai sediaan krim tabir surya.
ANALISIS KADAR SULFUR PADA LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS (LPG) MENGGUNAKAN INSTRUMENT TOTAL SULFUR ANALYZER
Authors: Fitri Nur Fitri Amalia , Arfi Febrina , Mafriadi
Published: August 2024

Telah dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan mengetahui kadar kandungan sulfur dalam Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG). Pengujian dilakukan secara analisis kuantitatif dengan menggunakan Prosedur kerja Analisis kandungan sulfur total menggunakan alat Analyzer Elements With Accura menurut ASTM D6667-21. Hasil pengujian yaitu nilai kandungan sulfur dalam LPG dapat dideteksi menggunakan instrument Total Sulfur Analyzer dari hasil pengujian yang di lakukan di dapat hasil dengan rata-rata konsentrasi total sulfur yaitu 0,637 grains/100 cuft, hasil tersebut tidak melebihi nilai standar yang telah di tetapkan yaitu 15 grains/100 cuft.
PEMANFAATAN OLI BEKAS (OIL WASTE ) SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKAR ALTERNATIF PADA INDUSTRI
Authors: Nisah Khairun , Hilman M. Zihni
Published: August 2024

Fokus penelitian ini adalah penggunaan limbah oli bekas sebagai sumber bahan bakar alternatif untuk industri. Studi ini melihat sifat fisik, viskositas, dan nilai kalor campuran oli bekas dan solar saat digunakan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa viskositas campuran oli bekas dan solar menurun dari 8,49 mm2/s menjadi 0,1 mm2/s, sementara nilai kalor meningkat dari 6157, 32 cal/g menjadi 6329,51 cal/g. Jika nilai viscositas turun, proses pembakaran menjadi lebih mudah dan semakin banyak bahan bakar yang terbakar sempurna, sehingga temperatur yang dihasilkan akan meningkat. Namun, peningkatan nilai kalor akan membuat pemompaan, penyalaan dalam burner, dan pengendalian proses industri lebih mudah. Untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan kinerja mesin di industri.
PEMANFAATAN KARBON AKTIF CANGKANG BIJI PALA (Myristica fragrans H.) DAN PASIR KUARSA TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR LOGAM TEMBAGA (Cu)
Authors: Bhernama Bhayu Gita , Arfi Febrina , Mardiana Diana
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini menggunaan karbon aktif dari cangkang biji pala yang diaktivasi HCl, dikombinasikan dengan pasir kuarsa, untuk efisiensi penurunan kadar logam tembaga dalam air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh kombinasi karbon aktif dan pasir kuarsa berdasarkan variasi massa yang digunakan sebagai adsorben dalam penurunan kadar logam tembaga (Cu). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Karbon aktif diperoleh dari proses karbonisasi pada suhu 250℃ yang diaktivasi dengan asam klorida (HCl) 1 M dan pasir kuarsa diaktivasi dengan natrium hidroksida (NaOH) 0,5 M. Massa adsorben yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu 0,5 g, 1 g dan 1,5 g, dengan waktu pengadukan 30 menit dan kecepatan pengadukannya 200 rpm. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa karbon aktif dari cangkang biji pala efektif menyerap logam Cu, dengan tingkat penyerapan optimal pada massa 1,5 g (45,28%). Adsorben pasir menunjukkan daya serap  tertinggi pada massa 0,5 g (57,63%), sementara kombinasi kedua adsorben pada massa 1: 1,5 g mencapai 32,52%, menunjukkan kinerja optimum. Jadi, karbon aktif dari cangkang biji pala dapat digunakan karena efektif untuk menurunkan kadar logam Cu dalam larutan.
O microcomércio doméstico de crack realizado por mulheres pobres, negras e idosas na Favela do Oitão Preto em Fortaleza, Ceará
Authors: Escobar Maria Gomes Fernandes , Brasil Maria Glaucíria Mota , Brandão Marcílio Dantas
Published: August 2024

O artigo resulta de uma etnografia realizada na Favela do Oitão Preto em Fortaleza, Brasil, entre os anos de 2018 e 2019. Analisando o microcomércio de crack, evidenciamos a adesão de grupos anteriormente excluídos ou pouco participantes desse circuito. A partir dessa percepção, buscamos compreender a maneira como mulheres pobres, negras e idosas encontraram condições objetivas para aderir a uma prática microcomercial realizada dentro de suas casas e sem o uso de violência. A análise identificou sociabilidades existentes entre essas mulheres, seus clientes, outros vendedores e policiais, além da maior capilaridade que o comércio de drogas adquiriu nas comunidades e favelas, a partir do fortalecimento das facções criminosas nesses locais. Concluímos que esse microcomércio “doméstico” de crack no Oitão Preto está integrado à rotina diária de algumas mulheres que aderiram a tal prática pela necessidade de dinheiro, bem como devido ao fato de estarem excluídas do mercado formal de trabalho e à certeza da existência de uma clientela para a mercadoria que é o crack.
Integrated Project Based Learning (PjBL) with STEM and Field Study in Elemental Chemistry Learning
Authors: Pratiwi Nurul , Ngatijo Ngatijo , Bemis Restina
Published: August 2024

This research investigates the effectiveness of a project-based learning (PjBL) model integrated with Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) in enhancing students critical thinking and field study skills in Elemental Chemistry. The study aims to assess how this integrated approach influences student learning activities, including engagement with scientific literature, teamwork, cognitive skills enhancement, and the development of teaching materials for independent discovery. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining statistical analysis of quantitative data with qualitative insights from observation sheets, interviews, and student worksheets. The curriculum included soft skill training in sampling teak sawdust (Tectona grandis) and synthesizing oxalic acid, Ca, Ba, and Mg-oxalic compounds in the lab. Results showed significant improvement in student grades in the Elemental Chemistry course, with average scores in the good category ranging from 71.05% to 79.55%, indicating the PjBL model is effective. Furthermore, the development of an Elemental Chemistry learning kit specifically designed for the PjBL approach effectively enhanced student thinking skills, as evidenced by their achievements in STEM-related tasks, highlighting the potential of integrated learning method in improving educational outcomes in higher education chemistry courses.
pengaruh efikasi diri dan kemandirian belajar peserta didik terhadap prestasi belajar kimia kelas X SMA Negeri 15 Pekanbaru
Authors: Rahmawati Ayu , Anwar Lenny , Rasmiwetti Rasmiwetti , Nursofia Yesi
Published: August 2024

Efikasi diri dan kemandirian belajar merupakan salah satu faktor penting pada meningkatkan prestasi belajar kimia dan faktor-faktor tersebut harus dikuasi oleh peserta didik. Angket efikasi diri dan kemandirian belajar setelah validasi menjadi 21 butir pernyataan. Angket tersebut dibagikan kepada seluruh sampel sebanyak 119 peserta didik yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelas di SMAN 15 Pekanbaru. hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan efikasi diri secara parsial terhadap prestasi belajar kimia, (2) terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan kemandirian belajar terhadap prestasi belajar, (3) Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara efikasi diri dan kemandirian belajar secara simultan terhadap prestasi belajar kimia.
Evaluation of influence of corruption, lending interest rate and other components on ease of doing business: A policy-making and legal implications
Authors: Deda Gazmend , Tërstena Arben , Krasniqi Sokol , Todorova Stela
Published: August 2024

The research paper experimentally examines the influence of corruption control (CC), lending interest rate (LIR), regulatory quality (RQ), government effectiveness (GE), and domestic credit to the private sector (DCPS) on the ease of doing business (EDB). To reach the expected objective, the investigation employs balanced data for all six countries of the Western Balkans, covering the period 2014–2020, employing regression analysis with fixed effects. The approach and parameter selection are guided by the insights from Nageri and Gunu (2020) as well as Belloumi and Alshehry (2021). The discoveries of the research provide evidence that CC, LIR, and RQ have a statistically significant negative influence, versus DCPS has resulted in a significant positive influence on the EDB. The originality and creativity of this investigation lay in the fact that it is a combination of economic and governing variables that are immediately reflected in the favorable environment for doing business. The discoveries of the investigation will be beneficial to the expansion of existing literature in the academic sphere and serve as avenues for proactive discussions among business managers, and students, as well as the policy-making structure concerning the possible implications that can be drawn based on the results of the research.
Suppressing pre-hydrolysis in TiO2 manufacturing: Design optimization of an indirect heating hydrolysis system
Authors: Han Junhee , Kim Hyojung , Lee Dohyung
Published: August 2024

The particle size of TiO2 is critically influenced by the operation of the
hydrolysis process. Failure to achieve uniform particle size during
hydrolysis can have significant repercussions on subsequent processes, such
as washing, reduction and bleaching procedures, ultimately leading to the
production of unusable final products. The primary goal of this study is to
suppress pre-hydrolysis, which is a factor that impedes the formation of
uniform particles during the hydrolysis procedure. To overcome this issue,
the researchers designed an indirect heating system to mitigate the
pre-hydrolysis phenomenon. For designing indirect heating system, multiphase
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed. The proposed
optimized design was then implemented and tested in the actual field. The
success of the field test was evaluated through settling value tests
conducted on the hydrolyzed solution, and the uniformity of particle size
was analyzed using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) images, Scanning
Electron Microscope (SEM) and Microtrac. The findings of this study
demonstrate the effective application of the developed multiphase CFD
simulation in enhancing the hydrolysis process for the production of anatase
titanium dioxide particles. This successful integration demonstrates the
application of mechanical engineering techniques in the fields of chemical
engineering.
Analytical method development and validation of antifungal drugs in updated ointment formulation using UV spectroscopy and RP-HPLC
Authors: Karuppiahya Rethina , Arunachalam Suba , Sampath Saravanan Venkattapuram , Ramanathan Sambathkumar , Subramaniam Ananda Thangadurai , Ramasamy Ravikumar , Paulmurugan Anuprincy , Munusamy Jambulingam
Published: August 2024

A precise, simple and validated reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method alongside spectrophotometric analysis has been established for the simultaneous quantification of clobetasol propionate, miconazole nitrate and salicylic acid in an updated ointment formulation. The impact of organic modifiers on the retention of the target compounds was assessed. The chromatographic analysis was conducted using a simple low-pressure gradient method with UV detection at 282 nm on a C18 column (5 ?m, 4.6 mm?250 mm HSS). The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of methanol, acetonitrile and tetraethylamine acetate buffer at pH 4, adjusted with acetic acid in a 40:40:20 volume ratio, at a flow rate of 1.2 mL min-1. The method demonstrated linearity in the 5?15 ?g mL-1 concentration range for clobetasol propionate, 30?90 ?g mL-1 for miconazole nitrate, and 15?45 ?g mL-1 for salicylic acid. The limits of detection and quantification were determined to be 1.49 and 4.53 ?g mL-1 for clobetasol propionate, 8.72 and 26.43 ?g mL-1 for miconazole nitrate and 3.37 and 10.22 ?g mL-1 for salicylic acid, respectively. The recoveries for drugs in formulation range from 95 to 99 %.
A skeletal Class III young adult with severe maxillary transverse deficiency treated with maxillary skeletal expander
Authors: Wang Fengcong , Liu Ping , Ding Bo
Published: August 2024

This case report describes correction of maxillary constriction using a maxillary skeletal expander (MSE) in a 15-year-old female with a skeletal Class III pattern and asymmetry. The maxillary expansion device with four mini-implants was used to correct the constricted maxilla, bilateral crossbite of the posterior teeth, and crowding of the dentition. Comparison of cone-beam computed tomography scans before and after treatment showed that the majority of maxillary expansion was orthopedic, with minimal alveolar bone bending and tooth tipping. Fixed appliances were used to correct the crowding and malocclusion. Stable and satisfactory maxillary expansion was obtained by using MSE non-urgically.
Diabetes, Prediabetes, and Brain Aging: The Role of Healthy Lifestyle
Authors: Dove Abigail , Wang Jiao , Huang Huijie , Dunk Michelle M. , Sakakibara Sakura , Guitart-Masip Marc , Papenberg Goran , Xu Weili
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE

Diabetes is a well-known risk factor for dementia. We investigated the association between (pre)diabetes and older brain age and whether this can be attenuated by modifiable lifestyle behaviors.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The study included 31,229 dementia-free adults from the UK Biobank between the ages of 40 and 70 years. Glycemic status (normoglycemia, prediabetes, or diabetes) was ascertained based on medical history, medication use, and HbA1c measured at baseline. Information on cardiometabolic risk factors (obesity, hypertension, low HDL, and high triglycerides) and lifestyle behaviors (smoking, drinking, and physical activity) was also collected at baseline. Participants underwent up to two brain MRI scans over 11 years of follow-up. Brain age was estimated using a machine learning model based on 1,079 brain MRI phenotypes and used to calculate brain age gap (BAG; i.e., brain age minus chronological age).

RESULTS

At baseline, 13,518 participants (43.3%) had prediabetes and 1,149 (3.7%) had diabetes. Prediabetes (β = 0.22 [95% CI 0.10, 0.34]) and diabetes (2.01 [1.70, 2.32]) were both associated with significantly higher BAG, and diabetes was further associated with significant increase in BAG over time (0.27 [0.01, 0.53]). The association between (pre)diabetes and higher BAG was more pronounced in men and in people with two or more cardiometabolic risk factors. In joint exposure analysis, having a healthy lifestyle (i.e., no smoking, no heavy drinking, and high physical activity) significantly attenuated the diabetes-BAG association.

CONCLUSIONS

Diabetes and even prediabetes are associated with accelerated brain aging, especially among men and people with poor cardiometabolic health. However, a healthy lifestyle may counteract this.
Study of Evaluation of the Implementation of E-Learning-Assisted Economic Learning at SMA Negeri 6 Denpasar
Authors: Sucitasari L.K. , Sunu I.G.K.A. , Sanjaya D.B.
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to determine the results of evaluations separately or together on context, input, process, product and problems that occur in the implementation of economic learning assisted by e-learning at SMA Negeri 6 Denpasar. This research is a program evaluation research using CIPP model. The sample of this study consisted of 85 students and 2 teachers of economics at SMA Negeri 6 Denpasar. Context, input, process, product data in this study were collected using a questionnaire using a Likert scale of 1-5. The data analysis method used in this study is a quantitative descriptive analysis method. To determine the effectiveness of implementing the economic learning assisted by e-learning, the raw scores were transformed into Z-scores, then into T-scores, then verified into the Glickman Quadrant. Based on the research that has been done, the results show that: 1) The effectiveness of the implementation of economic learning assisted by e-learning in terms of the context obtained effective results (+), 2) The effectiveness of the implementation of economic learning assisted by e-learning in terms of the input obtained effective results (+), 3) The effectiveness of the implementation of economic learning assisted by e-learning in terms of the process obtained less effective results (-), 4) The effectiveness of the implementation of economic learning assisted by e-learning in terms of the product obtained effective results (+), 5) The results of a joint evaluation of the implementation of economic learning assisted by e-learning in terms of context, input, process, product obtained effective results (+ + - +), and 6) The problems faced in implementing e-learning assisted economic learning are 1) lack of support for facilities and infrastructure, 2) lack of student attendance, 3) many students submit assignments not on time, 4) students do not access the material provided, 5) lack of training regarding e-learning assisted learning, and 6) teachers lack time to explain the material.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Use of School Operational Assistance Funds (BOS) at Harapan Christian Private High School Denpasar During the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Authors: Citariani I Gusti Ayu Oka , Ariawan I Putu Wisna , Werang Basilius Redan
Published: August 2024

This study aims to find out the results of evaluations separately and together on context, input, process, product and the constraints that occur in implementing the use of BOS funds at Harapan Christian Private High School Denpasar, during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is a program evaluation research using the CIPP model. The population in this study were all residents of Harapan Christian Private High School Denpasar. Determination of the sample in this study using a purposive sampling technique, with a total sample of 39 people consisting of school principals, deputy principals, school treasurers, BOS treasurers, administration, teachers. Context, input, process and product data in this study were collected by questionnaire using a Likert scale of 1-5. The data analysis method used in this study is a quantitative descriptive analysis method. To determine the effectiveness of the implementation of the use of BOS funds, raw scores were transformed into Z scores and then into T-Scores and then verified into the Glickman Quadrant. Based on the research that has been done, the results show that: 1) the implementation of the use of BOS funds in terms of the context component is classified as ineffective, 2) the implementation of the use of BOS funds in terms of the input component is classified as ineffective, 3) the implementation of the use of BOS funds in terms of the process component classified as effective, 4) implementing the use of BOS funds in terms of product components classified as ineffective, 5) evaluation results on the implementation of the use of BOS funds in terms of the context, input, process and product components, the results are less effective (--+-).