bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENT OF THE INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT FOR THE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Authors:   State Biotechnological University, SURKOVA Viktoria
Published: May 2023

The role of the state management sector is essential for creating a favorable institutional environment for the innovative development of business entities. The state, thanks to the performance of its inherent functions, stimulates or discourages innovative activity, which is reflected in the pace of economic development and the speed of the transition of the national economy to a new technological system. Institutional provision and support of the GDR and innovative development of the national economy is the exclusive prerogative of the state, whose function includes creating conditions for a favorable investment climate, commercialization of innovations, and motivation of innovative product developers. Innovative development is a complex, multifaceted and dynamic category of economic science, which is the main prerequisite for ensuring the appropriate level of competitiveness of products and enterprises, integration of the domestic economy into the world, sustainable development of the national economy in conditions of worsening social contradictions and increasing man-made load on the ecological environment. The agrarian sphere is exclusively important for achieving the goals and objectives of sustainable development both in the national dimension of the economy of Ukraine and in the global world scale. According to the proposed author’s approach, the architecture of the institutional environment for increasing the innovative activity of agricultural enterprises is based on an organic combination of fundamental state institutions (legal, social, economic, ecological) with institutions whose action should be ensured by market mechanisms. Creation of stimulating prerequisites and financial support of the GDR is an indispensable factor in attracting investment flows to the national economy. The conducted research and practical experience of the functioning and development of the agar sphere made it possible to establish that the institutional support for innovative activity in this sphere is at the stage of development and improvement. The article examines the institutional foundations of the formation of a favorable environment for the introduction of innovations for enterprises in the agrarian sphere. Considerable weight is given to the issue of understanding the architecture of the institutional environment of agricultural enterprises
Prevalence and Antibacterial Resistance of Gram Negative Bacteria Causing Respiratory Tract Infection In Critically Ill Patients.
Authors: Mahdi Faez A. , Saadoon Ali Sh. , Haider Hassan S.
Published: May 2023

Background: Nosocomial respiratory infections in the intensive care is one of the challenging issues, competing with other major causes of morbidity and mortality, that’s why it needs to be studied thoroughly.
Objectives: To assess the prevalence of colonization of respiratory tract by Gram-negative rods (GNRs) for critically ill patients in Baghdad teaching  hospital, and to determine antimicrobial resistance of the isolated strains.
Patients and Methods: A cross sectional study conducted on critically patients at the ICU/Baghdad teaching hospital during the period from December 2012-june 2013. thirty four  adult patients on mechanical ventilator  with endontracheal intubation or trachestomy,  were enrolled in this study, tracheal specimen were collected from all patients, and were cultured on various bacteriological media(blood agar, chocolate agar, macConky agar,saboroied agar) then incubated for various time. Drug resistance was examined with various antimicrobial drugs according to diagnostic microbiology guidelines.
Results: thirty four  adult patient(mean age 45years), 32 patients  yielded positive microbial growth on culture , infection rate= 94%, with gram negative infection show the highest rate of infection = 90% ,mainly acenitobacter baumanni about 44%,E.coli   35%, P.aeroginosa23%, K.pneumoniea20%, S.aureus11%, and monilia comprising 32% of infection. Many patients showed mixed infection pattern (more than one bacterial type). A.baumanni showed the highest resistance pattern (87%) was resistant to all types of antimicrobials and the sensitive one is only for one or two antibiotics.
Conclusion:  inappropriate and incorrect administration of antimicrobial agents in empiric therapies and lack of appropriate infection control strategies are leading   cause for opportunistic infection
Periodontal disease in association with Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries and Microvascular Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Jaffar Farwa , Saeed Hamayle , Alam Shafiq , Ullah Asif , Rathi Usha , Satti Danish Iltaf , Malik Jahanzeb , Jawad Zaidi Syed Muhammad , Akhtar Waheed , Mehmoodi Amin
Published: May 2023

OBJECTIVE. We sought to evaluate any association of periodontitis in patients with angina despite non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).

METHODS. Electronic records of all patients (n=103,955) labeled as ACS were screened and the patients diagnosed with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) were enrolled as group 1 and age-matched controls with no CAD were labeled as group 2.

RESULTS. Female gender (OR (95%CI): 1.04 (0.93 – 1.59); p=0.004), diabetes mellitus (OR (95%CI): 0.25 (0.05– 0.63); p=0.02), peripheral arterial disease (OR (95%CI): 0.78 (0.63 – 0.91); p=0.001), dyslipidemia (OR (95%CI): 1.45 (0.47 – 2.93); p=0.015), smoking, moderate (OR (95%CI): 5.42 (1.91 – 22.69); p=0.04) and severe periodontitis (OR (95%CI): 2.58 (1.72 – 3.26); p=0.027) were independent predictors of MINOCA. There was an increased graded risk (relative risk (RR)) of MINOCA with periodontitis + diabetes mellitus (RR (95%CI): 0.91 (0.34 – 1.23); p=0.032), periodontitis + peripheral arterial disease (RR (95%CI): 0.85 (0.47 – 1.46); p=0.025), periodontitis + renal disease (RR (95%CI): 1.04 (0.85 – 1.23); p=0.04), and periodontitis + smoking (RR (95%CI): 0.94 (0.77 – 1.06); p=0.006).

CONCLUSION. This study demonstrated that moderate to severe periodontitis might be independently associated with the increased incidence of MINOCA among the general population. Furthermore, it discovered various predictors of MINOCA among the general population.
Conscientious objection to enforcing living wills: A conflict between beneficence and autonomy and a solution from Indian philosophy
Authors: Konduru Laalithya , Das Nishant
Published: May 2023

Living wills document how patients wish to be treated in the event of becoming incompetent to make their medical decisions. Living wills are legally enforceable in India, nonetheless, doctors can claim conscientious objection to implementing any aspect of such directives; however, the buck stops with the hospital to ensure that the patient’s wishes are carried out. In enforcing advance care directives, beneficence and autonomy usually come into conflict. In a paternalistic model of medicine, beneficence and nonmaleficence take precedence over autonomy, and there is a danger that the patient’s wishes are ignored. Even if a physician is not trained to give equal importance to autonomy, beneficence, and nonmaleficence, they can rationalize the enforcement of an advance care directive under the principle of nonmaleficence rather than under autonomy. The ethical principles of ahimsa—the principle of not being the cause of physical or mental injury of others—and raja dharma—the principle where a person in a position of power puts the wishes of the person whom they have power over ahead of their own wishes—which are derived from Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain philosophical traditions, can help physicians who practice Indic faiths resolve their moral dilemma when faced with a possibility of enforcing a patient’s wishes that are not in line with their personal views. Such moralizing is especially important during public health emergencies when a patient may not be able to transfer to the care of another doctor who does not have an objection to enforcing their living will.
Surgical Considerations For Vitreous Opacities
Authors: Nageeb Mohammed R.
Published: May 2023

Vitreous opacities, often known as floaters, are a commonly diagnosed disease that appears to be prevalent in retinal surgery. Although most patients' symptoms are minor, they can cause severe impairment in vision-related quality of life in certain people. The awareness of the visual handicap caused by floaters, as well as the evidence foundation for treating this problem using small-gauge vitrectomy, has grown. Nonetheless, selecting acceptable individuals for surgery is sometimes problematic because of the relative absence of objective findings and results with which to quantify both visual impairment and post-procedure improvement. Even though there are no official recommendations on whether vitrectomy must be considered, there are some principles that should be followed when dealing with patients who have vitreous opacities. This review included an overview of symptomatic vitreous opacities and their treatment options, discussing best practices for identification of patients for surgical treatment, reviewing surgical pearls for vitrectomies and the role of laser treatment and photoablation by nanoparticles, as well as surgical management for proliferative diabetic retinopathy and its complications such as vitreous hemorrhage, tractional retinal detachment, macular hemorrhage, and edema, and offering further clarity regarding the treatment approaches for optimizing outcomes for patients having vitreous opacities.
[General Review] Digital Transformation of Government Public Library Services in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Nurul
Published: May 2023

PURPOSE: The goal of this study is to review how digitization initiatives have affected public libraries in Bangladesh and to identify the opportunities and threats associated with these initiatives.

APPROACH/METHODOLOGY: Review the existing literature to present status of digitalization in public libraries in Bangladesh, taking into account the difficulties encountered.

FINDINGS: Some success has been achieved in updating and digitizing Bangladesh's libraries, issues such as a lack of funding and trained staff continue to be a hindrance. Research is required to learn more about the digitization processes at these libraries.

ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The potential advantages of digitizing public libraries in Bangladesh, such as improved access to information and more efficient management, have not before been investigated. This research shows how crucial it is to overcome the specific obstacles that these libraries face throughout their digital transition if we are to reap the full advantages.
Similarity-Based Retrieval in Process-Oriented Case-Based Reasoning Using Graph Neural Networks and Transfer Learning
Authors: Pauli Johannes , Hoffmann Maximilian , Bergmann Ralph
Published: May 2023

Similarity-based retrieval of semantic graphs is a crucial task of Process-Oriented Case-Based Reasoning (POCBR) that is usually complex and time-consuming, as it requires some kind of inexact graph matching. Previous work tackles this problem by using Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to learn pairwise graph similarities. In this paper, we present a novel approach that improves on the GNN-based case retrieval with a Transfer Learning (TL) setup, composed of two phases: First, the pretraining phase trains a model for assessing the similarities between graph nodes and edges and their semantic annotations. Second, the pretrained model is then integrated into the GNN model by either using fine-tuning, i.e., the parameters of the pretrained model are further trained, or feature extraction, i.e., the parameters of the pretrained model are converted to constants. The experimental evaluation examines the quality and performance of the models based on TL compared to the GNN models from previous work for three semantic graph domains with various properties. The results show the great potential of the proposed approach for reducing the similarity prediction error and the training time.
Area Coverage Optimization using Networked Mobile Robots with State Estimation
Authors: Chism Isaiah , Plante Daniel , Miah Md Suruz
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we present a solution to the area coverage problem using a team of mobile robots with state estimation. A group of autonomous mobile robots is deployed in a two-dimensional area of interest, for example, where communication among robots is limited or noisy as expected in a real life scenario. Each robot estimates its own state (position and orientation) using noisy range and bearing information received from other robots in its operating range. The area of interest is then divided into multiple sub-area using a voronoi tessellation. Using the classical Lloyd's algorithm, each robot employs distributed action command to move towards the centroid of the voronoi cell that it belongs yielding the maximum coverage of the area. Here we emphasize that the network of autonomous robots deployed in the environment is unknown a priori. A set of computer experiments is conducted to validate the fact that the area coverage is still possible under noisy communication among robots deployed in a two-dimensional area.
Observational Equivalence of Conditional Belief Bases
Authors: Beierle Christoph , Haldimann Jonas , Schwarzer Leon
Published: May 2023

In nonmonotonic reasoning, a conditional of the form ‘If A then usually B’ is typically accepted if a situation where both A and B hold is deemed to be more plausible, more probable, or less surprising, etc., than a situation where A holds, but B does not hold. In a propositional setting, this leads to a relation on the propositional interpretations, also called worlds, by comparing worlds according to their plausibility. In this paper, we address the question of which kind of relations on the set of worlds can be obtained by completing a conditional belief base via an inductive inference operator. As a key concept for our investigations, we introduce and employ the notion of observational equivalence of belief bases that takes an inductive inference operator and a set of queries into account. This leads to the notion of the observational normal form (ONF) and, by focussing on so-called base conditionals, to the base conditional normal form (BCNF). The acceptance of base conditionals corresponds to the plausibility ordering on possible worlds induced by an inference method. Both normal forms ONF and BCNF are combined with renamings as an additional dimension. We establish the interrelationships among the normal forms and evaluate them empirically with respect to systematically generated belief bases.
Automatic Summarization for Academic Articles using Deep Learning and Reinforcement Learning with Viewpoints
Authors: Li JingHong , Tanabe Hatsuhiko , Ota Koichi , Gu Wen , Hasegawa Shinobu
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this research is to develop a Viewpoint Refinement in Automatic Summarization (VPRAS) system for research articles. The system will reflect viewpoints of survey to support surveys stage for researchers and students. We collect academic articles using web scraping technology and construct training data by combining sections and sentences through analysis of the article's PDF structure. We use machine learning techniques to classify sentences in Japanese articles into viewpoints. In addition to supervised learning, we introduce reinforcement learning and Dynamic Programming (DP) to extract important sentences for each viewpoint. Finally, we implemented an agent to automatically extract summary sentences based on a reward function.
Malicious or Benign? Towards Effective Content Moderation for Children's Videos
Authors: Ahmed Syed Hammad , Khan Muhammad Junaid , Qaisar Hafiz Muhammad Umer , Sukthankar Gita
Published: May 2023

Online video platforms receive hundreds of hours of uploads every minute, making manual content moderation impossible. Unfortunately, the most vulnerable consumers of malicious video content are children from ages 1-5 whose attention is easily captured by bursts of color and sound. Scammers attempting to monetize their content may craft malicious children's videos that are superficially similar to educational videos, but include scary and disgusting characters, violent motions, loud music, and disturbing noises. Prominent video hosting platforms like YouTube have taken measures to mitigate malicious content on their platform, but these videos often go undetected by current content moderation tools that are focused on removing pornographic or copyrighted content. This paper introduces our toolkit (Malicious or Benign) for promoting research on automated content moderation of children's videos. We present 1) a customizable annotation tool for videos, 2) a new dataset with difficult to detect test cases of malicious content and 3) a benchmark suite of state-of-the-art video classification models.
Reinforcement Learning for Guiding the E Theorem Prover
Authors: McKeown Jack , Sutcliffe Geoff
Published: May 2023

Automated Theorem Proving (ATP) systems search for aproof in a rapidly growing space of possibilities. Heuristicshave a profound impact on search, and ATP systems makeheavy use of heuristics. This work uses reinforcement learn-ing to learn a metaheuristic that decides which heuristic to useat each step of a proof search in the E ATP system. Proximalpolicy optimization is used to dynamically select a heuristicfrom a fixed set, based on the current state of E. The approachis evaluated on its ability to reduce the number of inferencesteps used in successful proof searches, as an indicator of in-telligent search.
Classification of Drivers with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders using Virtual Driving Test Performance Data
Authors: Grethlein David , Kandadai Venk , Dampier Will
Published: May 2023

In this work we focus on the problem of identifying drivers with neurocognitive impairment (NCI), specifically an NCI specific to people with HIV (PWH) called HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) directly from driving simulator data. Since NCI-screening is typically only effective for more progressed forms of HAND, there is a critical need to identify individuals that should be referred to specialists in order to mitigate potentially dangerous driving behaviors and improve their quality of life. Data collected from (n = 81) study participants that used the virtual driving test (VDT) platform were analyzed in order to predict which drivers had NCI. Of the (n = 62) PWH participants recruited, (n = 35) had HAND; of the remaining (n = 19) HIV negative participants, (n = 7) had non-HAND NCI (e.g., Parkinson’s Disease, Alzheimer’s, etc.). In three separate experiments, subsets of VDT data were first selected via Kruskal-Wallis feature ranking and then used as ensemble inputs to classify whether or not drivers had NCI. Within the PWH population, HAND could be classified with 69.4% accuracy and a risk ratio of 2.09 (95% CI 1.52, 2.65); within the HIV negative population, non-HAND NCI could be classified with 84.2% accuracy, risk ratio of 8.25 (6.34, 10.16); and within the combined population, NCI (regardless of causation) could be classified with 63.0% accuracy, risk ratio of 1.67 (1.22, 2.11).
O ensino da espiritualidade na graduação em saúde: um olhar reflexivo
Authors: Chalegre Casiana Tertuliano , Gomes Adenilson da Silva , Moura Virgínia Maria Holanda de , Vasconcelos Eliane Maria Ribeiro de , Frazão Iracema da Silva
Published: May 2023

A dimensão espiritual compõe, de forma relevante, o processo de atenção global à saúde dos indivíduos. Porém, o tema da espiritualidade ainda é pouco abordado nas práticas profissionais, possivelmente pelo fato de a formação acadêmica apresentar carências no desenvolvimento desse enfoque. O objetivo deste ensaio teórico foi o de refletir sobre a importância da espiritualidade como parte do cuidado integral do ser humano no contexto de formação superior dos cursos de graduação. Seguiu-se a metodologia adotada por Meneghetti (2011), a qual se orienta por perguntas que conduzem os sujeitos nas reflexões mais profundas sobre os temas em pauta. O aporte teórico adotado foi a teoria da multidimensionalidade do ser humano. Visando encontrar respostas, este ensaio analisa os seguintes tópicos: a importância da espiritualidade na formação em saúde; a espiritualidade nos cursos de graduação; as pesquisas sobre espiritualidade na formação em saúde. Fica evidente a necessidade de formar profissionais de saúde que contemplem as necessidades do paciente de modo a fortalecer o estudo e reflexão da espiritualidade na prática clínica. Ao se considerar que paciente e profissional são seres singulares e passíveis de viver diversas experiências de vida, o ensino precisa se pautar, também, pela subjetividade, o que enriquece a prática e o acolhimento das demandas advindas dos serviços de saúde. A partir das reflexões levantadas no presente artigo, pode-se adotar como orientação a importância da sistematização e consolidação da espiritualidade na graduação dos cursos de saúde através de metodologias congruentes com o tema, paralela à evolução das pesquisas sobre espiritualidade.
Género Aeromonas como patógeno oportunista emergente en peces y humanos, y su resistencia a antibióticos
Authors:   Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria. Colonia Jardines de San Manuel. Puebla, Puebla., Montes-Pérez Dulce Andrea , Baez Antonino ,   Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad  Autónoma de Puebla, Edificio IC11, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, México, Venegas Berenice , Reyes-Luna Rosalina María de Lourdes , Molina-Romero Dalia
Published: May 2023

Aeromonas es un género de bacterias Gram negativas reportado como patógeno emergente en algunos grupos de la población humana; debido a su capacidad de generar enfermedades infecciosas que afectan el sistema gastrointestinal, el circulatorio y algunos tejidos blandos de individuos inmuno-comprometidos, adultos mayores e infantes. Aeromonas es también un patógeno oportunista de mamíferos y peces que posee diversos factores de virulencia. Las bacterias de este género proliferan en diversos ambientes como el suelo, agua y en diferentes hospederos, y presentan una gran capacidad de adaptación. En este trabajo se realizó una revisión exhaustiva, en las bases de datos del Centro Nacional de Información Biotecnológica (NCBI) y del Instituto Multidisciplinario de Publicaciones Digitales (MDPI), cuyos criterios de selección fueron: primero, que la investigación demostró que Aeromonas es resistente a antibióticos, así como la caracterización de los genes que le confieren esta resistencia; segundo, la investigación evidencio la capacidad de Aeromonas para formar biopelícula; tercero, el artículo evidenció que la transferencia horizontal de genes le confirió la resistencia a antibióticos; y cuarto, los artículos deben estar publicados en los últimos 5 años. Por lo que el objetivo principal de esta revisión es describir los procesos del género Aeromonas que le proporcionan la resistencia a antibióticos como: la capacidad de formar biopelícula, los genes regulados por Quorum Sensing, y los procesos de la transferencia horizontal de genes. Además, se discutirán algunas características que posicionan a la infección por Aeromonas como un problema de salud pública nacional.
Predictores epidemiológicos y clínicos de COVID-19 en presintomáticos y sintomáticos ambulatorios. Cohorte de un solo centro
Authors:   Area de Investigación Clínica y Desarrollo. Biomédicos de Mérida, Yucatán, México., García-González Igrid , Mendoza-Oliveros Tahali ,   Departamento de Biología Molecular.  Biomédicos de Mérida, Mérida, Yucatán, México., Canché-Pech José Reyes ,   Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México, Chin-Hau Leticia , Gómez-García Alejandro José , López-Díaz Roger Iván , Sauri-Medina Norma Emily , Ceballos-López Adrian Alejandro , López-Novelo María E.
Published: May 2023

Antecedentes. En México, la epidemiología de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en el entorno ambulatorio y la identificación de predictores de COVID-19 ha sido poco abordada. Objetivo. Describir las características epidemiológicas y clínicas de pacientes presintomáticos y sintomáticos ambulatorios con SARS-CoV-2 y su asociación con la infección. Material y Métodos. Cohorte retrospectiva de 9 598 pacientes ambulatorios residentes en Yucatán, que solicitaron el diagnóstico molecular de SARS-COV-2 entre marzo de 2020 y diciembre de 2021. Todos los pacientes respondieron un cuestionario para el registro de variables epidemiológicas y clínicas. Se identificaron predictores de positividad viral mediante regresión logística multivariable. Resultados. La incidencia de SARS-CoV-2 fue de 28.8%. Del total de pacientes positivos, 66.1% tuvo contacto previo con enfermos de COVID-19, 65.0% tenían síntomas y 35.0% estaban presintomáticos al momento del muestreo. La comorbilidad más frecuente en los pacientes positivos fue la hipertensión arterial (25.2%, p=0.005). En general, las variables sexo masculino, edad, contacto previo con COVID-19, hipertensión arterial y los síntomas concomitante tos seca/dolor de garganta y anosmia/ageusia se asociaron de forma independiente con la positividad a SARS-CoV-2. El contacto previo con COVID-19 fue un fuerte predictor de positividad en los portadores presintomáticos. Conclusiones. La identificación de predictores de riesgo no invasivos a SARS-CoV-2 pudiera utilizarse para la vigilancia epidemiológica de COVID-19 en un entorno ambulatorio. Este es el primer estudio sobre predictores de SARS-CoV-2 en población autóctona de Yucatán.
COVID-19 during the third wave in Mexico: symptoms and vaccination as protective factor in Durango
Authors:   Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Durango, México., Olivas-Calderón Edgar , García-Alvarado Francisco Javier ,   Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Hospital de Especialidades UMAE N°71. Torreón, México., Delgado-Aguirre Héctor Alberto , Facio-Campos Rolando  Adair
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was responsible for the pandemic declared in January 2020, the impact of this virus is its high transmission rate where symptoms appear 2 to 14 days after exposure in Mexico the vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 has been very important. Objective. To evaluate the frequency of SARS-CoV-2, symptoms, and the impact of vaccination in the north of Durango State during the third wave in Mexico. Material and methods. We recruited 917 subjects from Sanitary Jurisdiction #2 (dependent on the Ministry of Health of Durango state) from October 2021 to January 2022. SARS-CoV-2 was diagnosed by RT-PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs. Symptoms and vaccination were evaluated. Results. The total incidence of positive cases was 41.66% (n=382). The presence of fever, cough, anosmia and dysgeusia is positively associated with infection (p<0.05). On the other hand, previous application of the vaccine and having contact with positive subjects 14 days prior to diagnosis yielded a protective OR with respect to the disease (OR = 0.60 and 0.50, respectively) (p<0.05). Conclusions. We observed a relationship between fever, cough, anosmia and dysgeusia with the disease. On the other hand, we observed a protective factor due to vaccination.
الاحكام اللغوية في القراءات القرانية واثر التلمذة فيها
Authors: جبر م.د محمد شمخي
Published: May 2023

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اثر الترجمة في الالفاظ العربية الحديثة وموقف التصحيح اللغوي منها
Authors: شريف م.د عباس عبد السادة , شريف م.د عباس عبد السادة
Published: May 2023

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الدلالة الموسيقية في الجناس القراني
Authors: ابادي الاستاذ المشارك الدكتورة مرضية , نوروزي ا.م.د علي , مزعل الباحثة هند خلف
Published: May 2023

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The Status of Christian Woman in post – 2003 in Sinan Antoon's Baghdad Eucharist
Authors: Hamood Dr. zainb Abed Ali
Published: May 2023

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Analisis Kesalahan Siswa Menggunakan Tahapan Kastolan Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita
Authors: Bauk Patrisius , Mamoh Oktovianus , Simarmata Justin Eduardo
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this research was to determine the types and factors of errors made by grade VII students of SMP St. Yosef Maubesi in solving story problems on the subject of operations in algebraic forms. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The research subjects were students of class VII SMP St. Yosef Maubesi. Data collection techniques used are tests, interviews, and documentation. The instruments in this research were the researcher, the test sheet, and the interview guide. Based on the results, it was found that conceptual errors were made by subjects 1, 2, and 3 on the questions being worked on. The cause of the subject making mistakes is that students do not understand the meaning of the question and students do not know the formula used. Procedural errors were made by subjects 1, 2, and 3 on the questions being worked on. The cause of the subject making mistakes is that students are not careful in the work process and technical errors are made by subjects 1, 2, and 3 on the questions being worked on. The causes of the subject making mistakes are: students are in a hurry to write the ending and do not understand the calculation process and students do not re-check the results of their work.
Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Photomath Sebagai Media Pemecahan Masalah Matematis
Authors: Oktaviani Rima Dwi , Ilmiah Tsamrotul , Sholihah Nadirotus , Apriliyani Rozita , Fauzi Imron
Published: May 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pemanfaatan aplikasi photomath sebagai media pemecahan masalah matematis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah penggunaan angket (kuesioner) berupa google form yang terdiri dari soal-soal matematika yang harus diselesaikan dengan menggunakan aplikasi photomath dan beberapa pertanyaan dengan lima pilihan jawaban serta jawaban bebas berupa pendapat dan saran yang diberikan oleh subjek penelitian terkait aplikasi photomath. Sumber data primer yaitu sepuluh orang mahasiswa Universitas Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember tepatnya mahasiswa program studi Tadris Matematika angkatan 2019. Sedangkan sumber data sekunder berupa artikel-artikel yang didownload dari hasil indeksi google scholar. Untuk tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan antara lain (1) menentukan subjek penelitian yang telah menggunakan aplikasi photomath, (2) menyebarkan dua jenis angket pada subjek penelitian yang tediri dari angket soal dan angket kepuasan penggunaan aplikasi photomath, (3) mengidentifikasi jawaban angket dari subjek penelitian, dan (4) penyajian data hasil penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan manfaat aplikasi photomath sebagai media pemecahan matematis ditinjau dari fitur, kinerja pada aplikasi photomath. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi photomath memiliki manfaat bagi penggunanya, baik dari segi fitur maupun kinerjanya.
Innovative Approaches for Preparing Special Education Preservice Teachers
Authors: Massey Cynthia , Strong Jane
Published: May 2023

For years, there has been a shortage of educators qualified to teach students with disabilities. The effect this has on student outcomes is immeasurable. To overcome this shortage, universities are searching for ways to enroll more students into their special education programs, ensure these graduates are prepared for long-term employment, and arm them with the skills necessary to best prepare their future learners. To this end, special education teacher educators seek ways to instruct most effectively during their limited time with their preservice teachers. This article discusses an instructional method to help teacher educators accomplish this goal, drawing on theoretical frameworks related to active learning techniques. Compared to the traditional method of instruction, the blended learning approach affords teachers more in-class time to actively engage preservice teachers with their course content while maintaining a rigorous learning environment. The authors explain how this model can be incorporated into synchronous and asynchronous courses and share valuable online educational resources for successful implementation. Additionally, the authors discuss active learning strategies and video analysis tools to support preservice teachers in both the classroom and during field supervision. All of these focus on equipping preservice teachers to effectively handle the diverse and constantly evolving demands of the contemporary classroom, which may positively impact teacher retention and create a more stable teaching workforce.
Harald Haarmann Grundzüge der Sprachtypologie. Harald Haarmann Soziologie und Politik der Sprachen Europas. Harald Haarmann Aspekte der Arealtypologie
Authors: Suhonen Seppo
Published: May 2023

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Perfluoro-n-octane-assisted Superior Inverted ILM Flap without Using the Peeling-off Technique for Large Macular Holes
Authors: Kim Jae Hyun , Park Bo Hyun , Kim Eun Ah , Kwon Han Jo , Byon Ik Soo
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the surgical outcomes of a perfluoro-n-octane (PFO)-assisted superior inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap without the peeling-off technique for the treatment of a large macular hole (MH).Methods: This retrospective interventional case series examined 13 eyes with a MH ≥ 400 μm. All eyes underwent 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy. An ILM flap stained with 0.025% brilliant blue G was made in the superior area of the hole. The ILM in the temporal, nasal, and inferior areas around the hole was not peeled off. The hole was gently covered using the inverted ILM flap, which was stabilized using a small amount of PFO. Fluidair exchange was performed slowly. The small amount of residual PFO was removed by evaporation. The patients were instructed to maintain a facedown position for 1 day postoperatively. Anatomical closure of the hole and visual acuity were assessed postoperatively.Results: The average hole size was 605.08 ± 102.41 μm. Nine eyes had an idiopathic MH, two exhibited age-related macular degeneration, and one each had high myopia and a traumatic MH. All eyes achieved type I closure. The foveal contour improved gradually during follow-up: 92.3% of eyes had a U-shaped fovea, and 61.5% exhibited complete recovery of the ellipsoid zone. The visual acuity improved from 0.91 to 0.55 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (p = 0.003).Conclusions: The PFO-assisted superior inverted ILM flap without peeling-off was effective for stabilizing the flap over the hole and consequently achieving good anatomical and visual outcomes in large MHs.
THE VALUE OF DIFFERENT TUBERCULOSIS (TB) CASE DETECTION STRATEGIES IN CHILDHOOD TB CONTROL IN A HIGH-TB BURDEN POPULATION DENSE AREA, WESTERN KENYA, 2012-2015: A CLUSTER RANDOMIZED TRIAL
Authors: BURMEN Barbara , MALİKA Timothy
Published: May 2023

Contact investigation is recommended for close contacts of TB patients to identify undiagnosed cases of active and latent TB to initiate them on curative and preventive therapy respectively. Because contact invitation is conducted in Kenya, the value of TB contact investigation in childhood TB control is unknown. To compare the yield of contact investigation (intervention arm) to contact invitation (control arm) in contributing to childhood TB control, a cluster randomized trial was conducted in Kisumu County between 2014 and 2015 a period prior to the implementation of standardized contact investigation. This was done to compare TB cases diagnosed and children receiving IPT in the pre- intervention (2012-2013) and intervention (2014-2015) years, and in the intervention years using a minimum sample size of 15 per arm. Of 77 facilities identified for the study, 65 facilities were randomized to a contact screening strategy; a TB contact investigation strategy in isolation (n=4), in combination with health facility screening (n=19), or in combination with both enhanced facility screening and mobile units (n=31) with the remainder, (n=11) randomized to the standard approach i.e. TB contact invitation. Facilities distribution did not differ by category of services or patient type. In the pre-intervention and post-intervention years, TB number of TB cases diagnosed in children increased by 20 (75% from intervention arm). During the intervention years TB cases decreased by 17 (29% from intervention arm); the intervention arm contributed to 100% and 75% of the children put on IPT whose implementation had just begun. Contact investigation enhanced childhood TB control in comparison to routine approaches. Critical support ought to be availed to the TB screening cascade to facilitate contact investigation and IPT implementation as well as ingrain contact investigation within existing community health systems.
Bahçe Traktörleri için Ön Koruyucu Mekanizması Tasarım ve İmalatı
Authors: BAYKUT Mehmet , YAVUZ İbrahim , DÜBÜŞ Şinasi , ATEŞ Sema
Published: May 2023

Traktörler tarım sektöründe en yaygın kullanılan makinelerden biridir. Tarım sektöründe kazaların büyük bir bölümü traktörlerin devrilmesi ile oluşmaktadır. Devrildikten sonra sürücünün hayatta kalabilmesi için bazı pasif güvenlik tedbirlerinin alınması gerekmektedir. Özellikle kabinsiz traktörlerde ROPS (Roll-Over Protective Structure) adı verilen bu mekanizma ile devrilme esnasında sürücünün traktör altında kalması önlenebilmektedir. ROPS’lar farklı tasarımlarda olmakla birlikte yönetmelik gereği belirli standartlarda imalatı yapılması gerekmektedir. Yönetmelik gereği temel zorunluluk; öne monteli koruyucu yapının (ROPS) aktif konum ve pasif konumları sırasında operatörün (sürücünün) bu işlemleri gerçekleştirirken harcaması gereken kuvvetin belirli sınırlar altında olmasıdır. ROPS tasarımında; U koruma demirinin ROPS sol-sağ ayağa irtibatlanmasını sağlamak üzere en az bir mil bulunacak şekilde yapılmıştır. Böylece U koruma demirinin ROPS sol-sağ ayağa göre dönebilir şekilde irtibatlanması sağlanmaktadır. Tasarlanan öne monteli yardımcı destek sistemi olmayan koruyucu yapının üzerine yay mekanizması tasarımı ve imalatı eklenmiştir. Sisteme yerleştirilen yay sayesinde sürücünün bu işlem sırasında harcayacağı enerjiye destek görevi görerek, daha az kuvvet harcaması sağlanmıştır. Böylece bu mekanizma sayesinde ön koruyucu yapı, aktif konumdan pasif konuma geçirilirken veya tersi işlemlerde yönetmeliklerdeki sınır değerlerin altında kalacak seviyelerdeki kuvvetlere düşürülmüştür. Yönetmelikte ölçüm değerleri 1. Bölge, 2. Bölge, 3. Bölge için uygulanması gereken kuvvetler sırasıyla 100 N, 75 N ve 50 N olması gerekmektedir. Yay mekanizması olmayan tasarımda bu kuvvetler sırası ile 166.77 N, 156.97 N ve 127.53 N olarak ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen verilerin yönetmelikteki sınırların çok üzerinde olduğu görülmüştür. Yay mekanizmalı ölçümlerde ise sırası ile 83.39 N, 68.67 N ve 39.24 N olarak tespit edilmiş olup yönetmelik sınırları altına düşürülmüştür. Sonuç olarak ROPS mekanizmaları, yönetmelik gereksinimleri sağlanarak kullanıcılar için daha az zaman kaybı ve kuvvet gereksinimi sağlayan bir sistem haline dönüştürülmüştür.
Farklı Ağız Yapısına Sahip Kültivatör Uç Demirlerinin Çeki Kuvveti Üzerine Etkisinin Sonlu Elemanlar Yöntemi Kullanılarak Belirlenmesi
Authors: BOYDAŞ Mustafa
Published: May 2023

Toprak işleme alet ve makinalarının tasarımında ve optimizasyonunda bilinmesi gereken en önemli dinamik parametre çeki kuvvetidir. Günümüzde toprak işleme alet ve makinalarında çeki kuvveti değişik yöntemlerle belirlenebilmektedir. Bunlar deneysel, analitik ve nümerik yöntemlerdir. Nümerik yöntemler içinde özellikle sonlu elemanlar yöntemi toprak işleme alet ve makinalarının tasarımında ve çeki kuvveti tahminlerinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Toprak makine ilişkisinde sonlu elemanlar yönteminin kullanılması yeni ekipmanların ve makinaların tasarım, optimizasyon ve değerlendirilmesinde büyük kolaylıklar ve ekonomiklik sağlamıştır. Toprak makine ilişkisini tanımlamada kullanılan önemli yazılımlardan biri ANSYS dir. ANSYS Sonlu elemanlar yöntemini kullanarak toprak-makine ilişkisini analiz edebilen güçlü bir nümerik yazılım programı olması ve gerçek toprak parametrelerinin ve sınır şartlarının simülasyona girilmesiyle gerçeğe çok yakın sonuçlar vermesi nedeniyle bu çalışmada kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, kültivatörler için kullanılabilecek farklı ağız yapılarına sahip (düz, sivri ve çatal şekilli) uç demirleri kullanılmıştır. Bu uç demirlerinin farklı çalışma hızlardaki (1.5 m s-1, 2.5 m s-1 ve 3.5 m s-1) çeki kuvveti değerleri belirlenmiştir. ANSYS içerisinde gömülü toprak modelleri mevcut olup bu modeller içerisinden Drucker and Prager modeli kullanılarak uç demirleri ile elde edilen çeki kuvveti değerleri belirlenmiştir. Bu model toprak makine ilişkisini temsil eden en iyi model olarak belirtilmektedir. İlerleme hızının artması ile çeki kuvvetinin arttığı belirlenmiştir. Ancak çatal uç demirinin diğer uç demirlerine göre hız artışından daha az etkilendiği belirlenmiştir. Bu durum bu uç demirini diğerlerinden daha önemli bir konuma getirmiştir. En yüksek çeki kuvveti 3.5 m s-1 ilerleme hızında düz uç demiri ile 1.64 kN olarak bulunmuştur. En düşük çeki kuvveti ise 1.5 m s-1ilerleme hızında çatal uç demiri ile 0.39 kN olarak bulunmuştur.
Determination of the Effect of Different Irrigation Regimes on Some Quality Properties of Cucumber
Authors: KAMAN Harun , ÖZBEK Ömer , POLAT Ersin
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to examine the effects of varying levels of deficit irrigation applied through partial root drying (PRD) and conventional deficit irrigation on some parameters of cucumber plant such as fresh and dried biomass, plant stem diameter, number of leaf, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit weight, water soluble dry matter (WSDM). Seven irrigation treatments (DI75, APRD75, FPRD75, DI50, APRD50, FPRD50) were examined together with the control treatment (FULL). The irrigation water of the treatments DI75, APRD75 and FPRD75 are 25% less than the FULL treatment. The irrigation water of the DI50, APRD50 and FPRD50 treatments is 50% less than the FULL treatment. DI75 and DI50 are traditional deficit irrigation applications in which both sides of the plant root zone are wetted. In APRD75 and APRD50 treatments, one half of the plant root zone is wetted and the other half is left dry and the wet/dry parts are switched in each irrigation application. In FPRD75 and FPRD50 treatments, one half of the plant root zone is wetted and the other half is left dry for a fixed period during the entire season. It has been revealed that 25% and 50% water deficit levels affect the amount of biomass as a result of the application of conventional deficit irrigation and partial root drying (PRD) techniques when compared to the FULL treatment. However, it has been found that the parameters such as plant stem diameter, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit weight and WSDM are not affected. When the results obtained in the research are evaluated; it has been observed that water application techniques (DI, APRD, FPRD) have a significant effect on both plant development and yield when the same amount of water is given. As irrigation water constraint increases, the yield has been found to decrease. However, the decrease in the amount of irrigation water and the decrease in yield have not been the same. Research aiming to save irrigation water is increasingly important, especially in arid and semi-arid regions where water is scarce and expensive. In this regard, the fact that the decrease in yield remains smaller than the rate of decrease in irrigation water can be seen as an advantage of PRD treatments.
Measurement of Water Depth in a Class A Pan Using Ultrasonic Transducer and Programmable Logic Control (PLC)
Authors: GENÇOĞLAN Cafer , GENÇOĞLAN Serpil , USTA Selçuk
Published: May 2023

The aim of this study is to compare water depths measured by manually and PLC from a Class A Pan in field conditions using ultrasonic transducer. The study was conducted in garden of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam in the summer season of 2019. A steel meter was used to measure water depth manually in the evaporation pan. Using the ultrasonic transducer, PLC measured water depth from the evaporation pan between 140 and 223 mm water depth at 8:00 am. An ultrasonic transducer is attached one end of sliding buttress, at which was 50 cm above from its inner-bottom at the center of the evaporation pan. The ultrasonic transducer was set to be able to read water depth and calibrated using sliding buttress. A program was written in CODESYS-ST language to measure the water depth from a Class A Pan using PLC, which was connected the ultrasonic transducer and uploaded to PLC. With the program, digital water depths were converted to millimeter water depths. To be able to read the water depth more accurately, each depth value read by the PLC was determined by averaging 30 measurements made successively at 300 millisecond intervals. In this processes, moving average method was used. Water depth measured by PLC was saved on the SD (secure digital memory) card. In the manual water depth measurements, there were 26 observations. The water depths on the manual measurement dates were matched with the water depths measured by PLC. A regression analysis was performed between the water depths measured by the steel meter and PLC in the pan, and determination coefficient (R2) was result as 0.96. The Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE) of these two data sets was calculated as 2.3%. The level of agreement between the two data sets; if the MAPE is below 10%, it is considered “very good”. The results of this study revealed that the PLC could measure the water depth close to the measured manually water depth in the evaporation pan with an ultrasonic transducer.