bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TGFβ and Hippo Pathways Cooperate to Enhance Sarcomagenesis and Metastasis through the Hyaluronan-Mediated Motility Receptor (HMMR)
Authors: Ye Shuai , Liu Ying , Fuller Ashley M. , Katti Rohan , Ciotti Gabrielle E. , Chor Susan , Alam Md. Zahidul , Devalaraja Samir , Lorent Kristin , Weber Kristy , Haldar Malay , Pack Michael A. , Eisinger-Mathason T.S. Karin
Published: January 2020

High-grade sarcomas are metastatic and pose a serious threat to patient survival. Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is a particularly dangerous and relatively common sarcoma subtype diagnosed in adults. UPS contains large quantities of extracellular matrix (ECM) including hyaluronic acid (HA), which is linked to metastatic potential. Consistent with these observations, expression of the HA receptor, hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (HMMR/RHAMM), is tightly controlled in normal tissues and upregulated in UPS. Moreover, HMMR expression correlates with poor clinical outcome in these patients. Deregulation of the tumor-suppressive Hippo pathway is also linked to poor outcome in these patients. YAP1, the transcriptional regulator and central effector of Hippo pathway, is aberrantly stabilized in UPS and was recently shown to control RHAMM expression in breast cancer cells. Interestingly, both YAP1 and RHAMM are linked to TGFβ signaling. Therefore, we investigated crosstalk between YAP1 and TGFβ resulting in enhanced RHAMM-mediated cell migration and invasion. We observed that HMMR expression is under the control of both YAP1 and TGFβ and can be effectively targeted with small-molecule approaches that inhibit these pathways. Furthermore, we found that RHAMM expression promotes tumor cell proliferation and migration/invasion. To test these observations in a robust and quantifiable in vivo system, we developed a zebrafish xenograft assay of metastasis, which is complimentary to our murine studies. Importantly, pharmacologic inhibition of the TGFβ–YAP1–RHAMM axis prevents vascular migration of tumor cells to distant sites.

Implications:

These studies reveal key metastatic signaling mechanisms and highlight potential approaches to prevent metastatic dissemination in UPS.YAP1 and TGFβ cooperatively enhance proliferation and migration/invasion of UPS and fibrosarcomas.
Angiogenic Marker Prognostic Models in Pregnant Women With Hypertension
Authors: Perry Helen , Binder Julia , Kalafat Erkan , Jones Stuart , Thilaganathan Basky , Khalil Asma
Published: January 2020

Angiogenic markers such as PlGF (placental growth factor) and sFlt-1 (soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1) have been shown to be useful for predicting adverse outcome in women suspected of having preeclampsia. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the prognostic value of angiogenic markers and maternal risk factors in pregnant women with hypertension. This was a prospective study of pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, or chronic hypertension presenting to 1 of 2 tertiary referral hospitals between May 2013 and May 2018. Maternal characteristics along with blood samples for angiogenic marker analysis were obtained from participants. The primary outcome was delivery related to preeclampsia within 1 and 2 weeks. In total, 302 women with hypertension were included in the study cohort. The baseline model included maternal body mass index, mean arterial pressure, and clinical diagnosis at the time of assessment. The use of sFlt-1/PIGF ratio combined with the baseline model significantly improved the area under the curve values for predicting delivery within a week (0.83 versus 0.88;
P
=0.025) or in 2 weeks (0.86 versus 0.93;
P
=0.001) due to preeclampsia-related events in gestational ages <35 weeks. The magnitude of increase in accuracy was 7.9% (−0.5% to 16.4%, posterior probability of increase: 96.7%) for sFlt-1/PlGF ratio. Our results emphasize the additive value of angiogenic biomarkers and the superior performance of a continuous scale of sFlt-1/PlGF ratio in the model. The added utility of angiogenic markers diminishes after 35 weeks’ gestation.
Conflicting Effects of Fetal Growth Restriction on Blood Pressure Between Human and Rat Offspring
Authors: Kooiman Judith , Terstappen Fieke , van Wagensveld Lilian , Franx Arie , Wever Kimberley E. , Roseboom Tessa J. , Joles Jaap A. , Gremmels Hendrik , Lely A. Titia
Published: January 2020

Low birth weight is associated with hypertension. Low birth weight can result from fetal growth restriction (FGR) or prematurity. FGR is postulated to impact blood pressure (BP) by developmental programming. This systematic review and meta-analysis studies BP in human and animal offspring following FGR. Pubmed and Web of Science were searched for studies reporting on BP after placental insufficiency induced FGR compared with normal growth controls. Primary outcome was mean absolute BP difference (ΔBP mm Hg [95% CI]). Meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models. Subgroup analyses were executed on species, sex, age, pregnancy duration, and stress during BP readings. Due to large interspecies heterogeneity, analyses were performed separately for human (n=41) and animal (n=31) studies, the latter restricted to rats (n=27). Human studies showed a ΔBP between FGR and controls of −0.6 mm Hg ([95% CI, −1.7 to 0.6];
I
2
=91%). Mean ΔBP was −2.6 mm Hg (95% CI, −5.7 to 0.4) in women versus −0.5 mm Hg (95% CI, −3.7 to 2.7) in men. Subgroup analyses did not indicate age, gestational age, and stress during measurements as sources of heterogeneity. In rats, mean BP was 12.0 mm Hg ([95% CI, 8.8–15.2];
I
2
=81%) higher in FGR offspring. This difference was more pronounced in FGR males (13.6 mm Hg [95% CI, 10.3–17.0] versus 9.1 mm Hg [95% CI, 5.3–12.8]). Subgroup analyses on age showed no statistical interaction. BP readings under restrained conditions resulted in larger BP differences between FGR and control rats (15.3 mm Hg [95% CI, 11.6–18.9] versus 5.7 mm Hg [95% CI, 1.1–10.3]). Rat studies confirm the relation between FGR and offspring BP, while observational studies in humans do not show such differences. This may be due to the observational nature of human studies, methodological limitations, or an absence of this phenomenon in humans.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: CRD42018091819.
Brain network constraints and recurrent neural networks reproduce unique trajectories and state transitions seen over the span of minutes in resting-state fMRI
Authors: Kashyap Amrit , Keilholz Shella
Published: January 2020

Large-scale patterns of spontaneous whole-brain activity seen in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) are in part believed to arise from neural populations interacting through the structural network (Honey, Kötter, Breakspear, & Sporns, 2007 ). Generative models that simulate this network activity, called brain network models (BNM), are able to reproduce global averaged properties of empirical rs-fMRI activity such as functional connectivity (FC) but perform poorly in reproducing unique trajectories and state transitions that are observed over the span of minutes in whole-brain data (Cabral, Kringelbach, & Deco, 2017 ; Kashyap & Keilholz, 2019 ). The manuscript demonstrates that by using recurrent neural networks, it can fit the BNM in a novel way to the rs-fMRI data and predict large amounts of variance between subsequent measures of rs-fMRI data. Simulated data also contain unique repeating trajectories observed in rs-fMRI, called quasiperiodic patterns (QPP), that span 20 s and complex state transitions observed using k-means analysis on windowed FC matrices (Allen et al., 2012 ; Majeed et al., 2011 ). Our approach is able to estimate the manifold of rs-fMRI dynamics by training on generating subsequent time points, and it can simulate complex resting-state trajectories better than the traditional generative approaches.
A new species of Sericanthe (Coffeeae, Rubiaceae) from Chimanimani Mountains, Mozambique-Zimbabwe border

Authors: WURSTEN BART , BRIDSON DIANE , JANSSENS STEVEN B. , DE BLOCK PETRA
Published: January 2020

The Chimanimani Mountains, located at the Mozambique-Zimbabwe border, are geologically unique in that they consist of quartzites giving rise to peaks and outcrops between zones of schist supporting grasslands. The nutrient-poor quartzitic soils house a high number of endemic plant species. One of these is Sericanthe chimanimaniensis, which is here described as new for science. We give a detailed description and distribution map, illustrations, information on ecology and phenology, and an assessment on the conservation status. An identification key to closely allied species is presented.
Empire’s h(a)unting grounds: Theorising violence and resistance in Egypt and Afghanistan
Authors: Manchanda Nivi , Salem Sara
Published: January 2020

This article thinks theory otherwise by searching for what is missing, silent and yet highly productive and constitutive of present realities. Looking at Afghanistan and Egypt, the authors show how imperial legacies and capitalist futurities are rendered invisible by dominant social theories, and why it matters that we think beyond an empiricist sociology in the Middle East. In Afghanistan, the authors explore the ways in which portrayals of the country as retrogressive elide the colonial violence that has ensured the very backwardness that is now considered Afghanistan’s enduring characteristic. Specifically, using the example of the institutionalisation of the Frontier Crimes Regulation (FCR), they ask what alternative narratives might emerge if we take empire’s ghosts seriously on their own terms? In Egypt, the authors look at the ways in which Gamal Abdel Nasser’s anticolonial project continues to haunt present-day Egyptian political, social and economic life. In particular, they ask how anticolonial nationalism and its promises produced lingering after-effects, and how we can understand these through the figure of the ‘spectre’. The article asks what it would mean to produce social theory through (re)visiting sites of resistance, violence and contestation, proposing haunting as a means through which to understand and analyse political, social and economic change in the Middle East.
“As the Test Collapses In”: Teaching and Learning Amid High-Stakes Testing in Two Urban Elementary Classrooms
Authors: Hikida Michiko , Taylor Laura A.
Published: January 2020

Although there is much research detailing the pedagogical constraints of high-stakes testing (HST), there is less that examines teachers’ practices within and beyond its control. This multiple case study analyzes ethnographic data to explore two teachers’ practices in an urban context where HST was relevant. Drawing on Foucault’s conceptualization of a plague-stricken town, we explore the mobilization of disciplinary power associated with HST. We then examine teachers’ agency as they taught beyond the administrative gaze. We found that teachers sometimes complied with administrative mandates while also articulating tensions of providing access and actively resisting/critiquing the test.
Trade unions and the 2016 UK European Union Referendum
Authors: Fitzgerald Ian , Beadle Ron , Rowan Kevin
Published: January 2020

This article reports on pre and post interviews with trade union leaders and senior Trades Union Congress (TUC) and union officials who held campaign responsibilities for the 2016 UK European Union (EU) Referendum. The article considers the development of union policy towards the EU, the determination of unions’ final positions, campaign resources and media, the arguments made and the drivers of and constraints upon active campaigning. Campaign intensity, resourcing and strategic decision-making varied widely across unions and was frustrated by resource constraints, fear of alienating members and in some cases lack of priority. The article concludes that unions must be better prepared to commit material resources and national officers’ time so that campaign issues are effectively framed in terms of member concerns.
Parents’ Responses to Peer Victimization: Associations With Early Adolescent Coping and Peer Victimization
Authors: Tu Kelly M. , Erath Stephen A. , Pettit Gregory S. , Vandenberg Carlynn
Published: January 2020

Prospective associations linking parental responses to peer victimization (i.e., coping suggestions, school contact) with adolescents’ coping and experiences of peer victimization were examined. Participants were 203 adolescents ([Formula: see text] = 12.16 years, SD = 0.98) and a parent (81% mothers). At Time 1, parents provided open-ended responses to a hypothetical peer victimization scenario. At Time 1 and Time 2, adolescents reported on peer victimization and coping with peer victimization. Parents’ active-engaged responses to the hypothetical scenario (e.g., approaching the school) predicted more adolescent-reported conflict resolution and support seeking, whereas parents’ passive-disengaged responses (e.g., tell an adult) predicted less adolescent-reported support seeking over time. Somewhat surprisingly, parents’ positive and negative appraisals predicted less conflict resolution and revenge seeking, respectively. Parents’ suggestions to be assertive predicted more peer victimization over time. Some gender differences emerged in associations between parents’ responses and adolescents’ coping and peer victimization. Implications of these findings and future directions are discussed.
Reproductive Labor in a Participataory Socialist Society
Authors: Bohmer Peter , Chowdhury Savvina , Hahnel Robin
Published: January 2020

This article proposes concrete ways to organize and reward reproductive labor in a participatory socialist, feminist society. Feminist literature has convincingly documented myriad ways in which the costs and benefits of reproductive activity have been distributed unequally between men and women historically. In hopes of stimulating discussion about solutions, we offer concrete proposals to overcome gender biases in a future society with a participatory, socialist economy.
High Prevalence of Sexual Assault Victimization Experiences Among University Fraternity Men
Authors: Luetke Maya , Giroux Stacey , Herbenick Debby , Ludema Christina , Rosenberg Molly
Published: January 2020

Limited research has examined sexual victimization among U.S. college men, and particularly fraternity men. We report the prevalence of sexual assault (SA) victimization among a sample of college fraternity members and the sociodemographic variables associated with this victimization. In April 2018, we conducted a web-based survey study among a random sample of fraternity members ( n = 102) from a list of all fraternity members at a large Midwestern university. We used Fisher’s exact tests, Student’s t-tests, and log-binomial regression models to assess associations between sociodemographic variables and any SA victimization (attempted or completed penetrative sexual assault). Over a quarter (27.5%) of respondents reported experiencing any SA victimization—penetrative sexual assault (13.7%) or attempted penetrative sexual assault (25.5%)—since entering college. Age, school year, and being on a varsity sports team were significantly associated with any SA victimization ( p-values: <.01, <.01, and .02, respectively). Regression analyses showed older fraternity men had experienced significantly greater prevalence of any SA victimization compared to younger fraternity men (prevalence ratio [PR]: 2.78, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.35–5.73). Furthermore, any SA victimization was also more common among varsity sports team members (3%) compared to nonmembers (0%). These findings indicate that college men, particularly fraternity members, may experience sexual assault victimization at high rates. Our more inclusive survey language may have captured sexually violent experiences that traditional measures have not, such as “made to penetrate” experiences. We encourage the use of queries that are sensitive to the specific characteristics of male sexual violence victimization, including experiences of nonconsensual sexual activity where the victim is either the penetrated or the penetrator. Furthermore, prevention efforts and supportive services for survivors should be expanded to better address male SA victimization on college campuses.
‘If He Just Knew Who We Were’: Microworkers’ Emerging Bonds of Attachment in a Fragmented Employment Relationship
Authors: Panteli Niki , Rapti Andriana , Scholarios Dora
Published: January 2020

Using the lens of attachment, we explore microworkers’ views of their employment relationship. Microwork comprises short-term, task-focused exchanges with large numbers of end-users (requesters), implying transitory and transactional relationships. Other key parties, however, include the platform which digitally meditates worker–requester relationships and the online microworker community. We explore the nature of attachment with these parties and the implications for microworkers’ employment experiences. Using data from a workers’ campaign directed at Amazon Mechanical Turk and CEO Jeff Bezos, we demonstrate multiple, dynamic bonds – primarily acquiescence and instrumental bonds – towards requesters and the platform, and identification with the online community. Microworkers also expressed dedication towards the platform. We consider how attachment buffers the exploitative employment relationship and how community bonds mobilise collective worker voice.
An intersectional quantitative content analysis of the LGBTQ+ catalogue in Irish public libraries
Authors: Hicks Pete , Kerrigan Páraic
Published: January 2020

LGBTQ+ youths in the Republic of Ireland report statistically higher levels of depression, anxiety and suicidal thoughts than their heteronormative peers, which can be attributed to bullying and homophobic rhetoric. Research indicates that community services, such as public libraries, can play a role in mitigating the mental health risks of this group. However, there is no formal policy within the Irish public library system directing the collection and provision of LGBTQ+ materials and services to anyone, let alone youths. Previous international studies have shown that, in the absence of a guiding intersectional collection development policy, LGBTQ+ library materials are overwhelmingly representative of the gay, white, adult male experience, to the detriment of other groups within the LGBTQ+ community. Conducting a quantitative content analysis of the Dublin City Council Public Library catalogue through the lens of intersectionality theory confirms that the Irish public library system is not an exception to this trend. Results indicate that catalogue materials containing LGBTQ+ metadata favor the adult, gay, male experience – as well as the youth, gay, male experience – over adult and young women. This trend is particularly noticeable among the eBook catalogue, an area that the Irish public library system has directly identified as a strategic target for collection development. Conclusions align with previous qualitative studies on LGBTQ+ provision in Irish libraries in that a comprehensive organizational policy document is needed to provide direction and enable funding for the development of the LGBTQ+ section of the library system’s catalogue.
Introducing a nonlinear coupling for central pattern generator: Improvement on robustness by expanding basin of attraction and performance by decreasing the transient time
Authors: Bahramian Alireza , Nouri Ali , Towhidkhah Farzad , Azarnoush Hamed , Jafari Sajad
Published: January 2020

Different types of models have been introduced for central pattern generators mostly based on coupled nonlinear oscillators. One of the most important responsibilities of a central pattern generators is to make an acceptable phase for each limb to make a stable motion. In nonlinear oscillators, the phase difference is made by means of commensurate coupling between them. Linear coupling between oscillators has been widely used in the literature. It is used to make a suitable phase difference between oscillators appropriate to the kind of motion (e.g. walking and running). In this research, it is shown that there are some coexisting attractors in the same coupling, in which phases between oscillators are not ideal to generate rhythms of motion. Consequently, there will be some undesired oscillator states, in which their functionality is significantly decreased. In this article, a novel nonlinear coupling is introduced as a solution for this problem to have a more robust central pattern generators by tackling inappropriate attractors and expanding the basin of attraction of the suitable attractor. In addition, this nonlinear coupling for central pattern generators cues arrived their steady state 2.8 times faster than central pattern generators with linear ones.
Spline collocation methods for seismic analysis of multiple degree of freedom systems with visco-elastic dampers using fractional models
Authors: Dadkhah Khiabani Ehsan , Ghaffarzadeh Hosein , Shiri Babak , Katebi Javad
Published: January 2020

The visco-elastic dampers can be economically designed for response reduction of dynamical systems. Recent developments in fractional calculus have affected the modeling of visco-elastic materials. The fractional models for visco-elastic dampers, which are parsimonious, require fewer parameters in comparison with other models. In this paper, we use the visco-elastic dampers for control of structural responses. The visco-elastic damper utilizes three important parameters including damping coefficient, stiffness, and fractional order. The dynamic model of the building with visco-elastic dampers can be acquired by a system of fractional differential equations, which includes both fractional and ordinary derivatives. We apply spline collocation methods for obtaining the numerical solution of this complex system. The collocation method is implemented in a graded mesh. The discrete data of earthquake are smoothed by spline interpolation of higher degree. The introduced method is used to simulate the response of a structure with active and passive controllers. A comparison of using different dampers is considered. Also, [Formula: see text] norm of the transform function is used for response analysis. The results of simulations for four-story and 10-story buildings show significant reductions in structural responses. Moreover, our analysis presents that the large variety of values can be used for parameters of the visco-elastic damper to provide flexibility in designing appropriate visco-elastic-dampers.
Healthy Food Incentive Programs: Findings From Food Insecurity Nutrition Incentive Programs Across the United States
Authors: Parks Courtney A. , Stern Katie L. , Fricke Hollyanne E. , Clausen Whitney , Yaroch Amy L.
Published: January 2020

Diet-related chronic disease remains a public health concern, and low intake of fruits and vegetables disproportionately affects low-income populations. Healthy food incentive (HFI) projects can help close the nutrition gap among low-income populations by increasing purchasing power and access to fruits and vegetables. This study aimed to qualitatively explore lessons learned and best practices from Food Insecurity Nutrition Incentive Grant Program (FINI) grantees across the United States. Thirty semistructured interviews were conducted with FINI grantees and stakeholders in 2018, eliciting best practices and promising findings, policy implications, and knowledge gaps and opportunities to pursue that inform program refinement and sustainability. Telephone and in-person interviews were conducted with FINI grant recipients from 2015 to 2016, specifically, recipients of FINI-funded multiyear community-based projects and large-scale projects. Our results highlighted (1) range of projects and scope, (2) program promotion and awareness, (3) community-based partnerships, (4) technical assistance and peer interactions, (5) measurement and evaluation, (6) program challenges, and (7) future directions and recommendations. Grantees reported a “trifecta of benefits” that affects low-income consumers, farmers, and food retailers. Our findings contribute to understanding how to implement HFI programs in a variety of settings and highlight the variations that can exist between programs, as well as the need for increased technical assistance and synergy between programs (communities of practice). Overall, these findings can help to inform implementation and practice of healthy food incentive programs and the Farm Bill and other policy discussions.
L-glutamine for sickle cell disease: Knight or pawn?
Authors: Sadaf Alina , Quinn Charles T
Published: January 2020

Oxidative stress is an important contributor to the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease. The pathways involved are complex and interlinked. L-glutamine is an amino acid with myriad roles in the body, including the synthesis of antioxidants, such as reduced glutathione and the cofactors NAD(H) and NADP(H), as well as nitric oxide—so it has therapeutic potential as an antioxidant. However, the relative impact of L-glutamine on the redox environment in red blood cells in sickle cell disease is not fully understood, and there are few therapeutic trials in sickle cell disease. Following the FDA approval of L-glutamine for sickle cell disease, more research is still needed to understand its clinical effects and role in therapy.

Impact statement

L-glutamine has been recently approved by the FDA for the prevention of acute complications in sickle cell disease (SCD). However, there are many gaps in our understanding of the biologic role of glutamine and its therapeutic implications in SCD. This review summarizes the pre-clinical and clinical evidence that can inform clinical decision-making and future research on glutamine therapy in SCD patients.
Ralph L. Baldwin: His Influence on American Music Education through Teaching, Publication, and Service
Authors: Gerber Casey L.
Published: January 2020

Ralph L. Baldwin (1872–1943) was a prominent music educator who, in addition to his role as a teacher, was an author, composer, and leader of various professional music organizations. Baldwin later became known through his many publications and as the administrator of the Sterrie Weaver Summer School after Weaver’s untimely death. This narrative study was intended to describe the teaching philosophy developed by Baldwin. In addition, the visibility and recognition brought to Baldwin through his books in the “Music Education Series,” published by Ginn and Company, were detailed. Baldwin advocated teaching sight reading or the “language” of music to balance out the rote singing methods being used. He blended the rote and note philosophies much like his predecessor Sterrie Weaver. While Baldwin’s methods and publications are not necessarily used in American classrooms today, it is important to recognize the quality ideas and resources that he offered to music educators of that time. Baldwin’s publications are a good example of an effective instructional method, including materials, that directly preceded the adoption of current methods and approaches to music education.
To attend, or not to attend: Examining caregiver intentions and study compliance in a pediatric, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sullivan Jacqueline A , Wiese Anna M , Boone Kelly M , Rausch Joseph , Keim Sarah A
Published: January 2020

Background/Aims

The Intent to Attend is a brief questionnaire recommended by the National Research Council to address dropout concerns and improve prediction of missing data in clinical trials, although implementation has been very limited. As a formative study in pediatric research, the relationship between caregiver intentions and study compliance was investigated in a 180-day trial of dietary supplementation of preterm toddlers. Treatment effect estimation in the context of missing data was also explored.

Methods

Study compliance (i.e. study completion, supplement adherence, and diary completion) was tracked over three study visits. Baseline questionnaires asked caregivers about intentions concerning study completion via the Intent to Attend, screened for mental health symptoms (depression, trait anxiety), and captured family demographics. Simple and multiple logistic regression models were built to examine associations between caregiver intent and compliance outcomes. The Intent to Attend was also employed as an auxiliary variable to account for missing data within mixed models estimating the treatment effect on the primary outcomes.

Results

Of the 316 caregiver–child dyads included, 95% of caregivers with low intentions had a child complete the study, but only 87% of caregivers with high intentions had a child complete the study. Low intentions to complete the study were associated with a more than 60% lower odds of study non-completion, but the confidence interval included the null (odds ratio: 0.36; 95% confidence interval: 0.11, 1.20). No effect measure modification by caregiver mental health, child sex, or annual income was detected. Income was the only significant predictor of study non-completion; the lowest income group was almost four times more likely to be study non-completers compared with the highest income group, even after adjustment for child sex and caregiver mental health (adjusted odds ratio = 3.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.38, 9.31). When using Intent to Attend as an auxiliary variable, similar results were obtained when compared with the original treatment effect estimates on the primary outcomes.

Conclusion

Contrary to prior adult studies, there is no clear relationship between caregiver intentions and study compliance. Findings elucidate the complexities of caregiver–child interactions during pediatric trial participation.
Age-related changes in behavioural and emotional problems in Smith–Magenis syndrome measured with the Developmental Behavior Checklist
Authors: Nag Heidi Elisabeth , Nærland Terje
Published: January 2020

Smith–Magenis syndrome (SMS) is a genetic syndrome most often caused by a deletion on chromosome 17 or more rarely by a mutation in the retinoic acid-induced 1 gene. The aim of this study was to investigate the Developmental Behavior Checklist (DBC) profile of persons with SMS and the associations between behavioural and emotional problems, age, gender, adaptive behaviour and autism symptomatology. Twenty-eight persons with SMS were represented by their parents in this study. DBC Total scores are reduced with age, but they still show a mean that is clearly above the cut-off of 46. The differences between the age groups <9 years and 9–17 years ( p = 0.024) and between the age groups <9 years and >18 years ( p = 0.007) are significant. We found a significant decrease in behavioural and emotional problems with age in SMS. We did not find a relationship between adapted behaviour and communication and behavioural and emotional problems.
Agents versus structures in English School theory: Is co-constitution the answer?
Authors: Navari Cornelia
Published: January 2020

While generally accepted as an interpretive theory, Bull’s emblematic text demonstrates strong structural characteristics. Subsequent attributions move between the interpretive or ‘reflexive’ and the institutional and structural. Recently, however, the idea has come forward that English School theory is, and maybe have been from the beginning, a form of structuration theory, a theory in which structures are not quite the hard determinants generally understood in structural theories, and interpreting agents are not quite so free to interpret structures in any tradition that seems appropriate to a matter at hand.
Customer Motivation and Response Bias in Online Reviews
Authors: Han Saram , Anderson Chris K.
Published: January 2020

The voluntary nature of online customer review platforms self-selects customers with strong opinions, resulting in an underreporting bias. However, little research has been conducted on the relationship between postpurchase satisfaction and the propensity to share one’s opinion. The goal of this study is to empirically examine the relationship between customer satisfaction and reporting motivation in online review platforms. The results of this study demonstrate that customer intention to post an online hotel review varies depending on the level of customer satisfaction. Online reviewers are more motivated to post extreme and negative ratings. However, this underreporting bias is mitigated when ratings are generated by reviewers who are familiar with the online review posting process. The relationship between individual familiarity with the review platform and the underreporting bias can be explained using the benefit-cost theory.
Doing pedagogical intentions with Facetiming Common Worlds (and Donna Haraway)
Authors: Land Nicole , Hamm Catherine , Yazbeck Sherri-Lynn , Brown Miriam , Danis Ildikó , Nelson Narda
Published: January 2020

Working with stories of children’s relationships with place and technologies from an early childhood education pedagogical inquiry research project in Melbourne, Australia and Victoria, Canada, this article takes up the concept of “pedagogical intentions” to consider how educators and researchers might cultivate intentional teaching practices relevant to the complex worlds we inherit with children. We think with a common worlds pedagogies approach to extend conceptualizations of intentional teaching held in dominant Euro-Western early learning frameworks in Melbourne and Victoria. After situating our understanding of pedagogical intentionality as an ongoing, purposeful, answerable practice of shaping and caring with everyday pedagogical relationships, we share three stories of how we activate our Donna Haraway–inspired intentions with children. By questioning how our pedagogical intentions inform our work, we assert that sharing and putting at risk our intentions is a necessary practice for thinking collectively with children, more-than-human others, and technologies within early childhood education.
Using Importance-Performance Matrix Analysis to Evaluate the Financial Performance of American Banks During the Financial Crisis
Authors: Tailab Mohamed M. Khalifa
Published: January 2020

This research applies a technique that identifies areas of improvement that can be addressed by managerial decisions or policy activities. It extends the application of partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using an importance-performance map analysis (IPMA). The IPMA determines priority factors that should receive management’s attention. The PLS path model was tested by comparing 140 failed U.S. banks with the same number of nonfailed banks from 2006 to 2008. This model assembles 15 indicators with four predecessor constructs (i.e., profitability of 2006, profitability of 2007, risk of 2006, and risk of 2007) and one final target construct (i.e., profitability of 2008). Profitability and risk of 2007 mediate the path of profitability and risk of 2006 and profitability of 2008. The IPMA indicated that failed banks were predisposed to decreasing financial performance in 2008 because of their poor performance in 2006 and 2007. Conversely, nonfailed banks were more likely to experience increasing financial performance in 2008 because of their positive performance in 2006 and 2007. This study indicates that managers who use IPMA to prioritize their financial decisions will obtain useful conceptual insights and are unlikely to be misled. Although IPMA can be conducted on the indicator level as well, this article limits its analysis by focusing on the construct level only. The use of IPMA is ubiquitous in end-user surveys, but its application to banking is still in its embryonic state. For originality, this work prioritizes the application of IPMA using secondary data collected from financial statements to assess the performance of American banks during the crisis.
Analyzing the Impact of Practice Environment on Nurse Burnout Using Conventional and Multilevel Logistic Regression Models
Authors: Yuan Li , Yumeng Chen , Chunfen Zhou , Jinbo Fang
Published: January 2020

Background: Most of the previous studies on nursing practice environment and job burnout employed conventional analyses ignoring the impact of unit-level data clusters. This study addressed this gap by examining the effects of the nursing practice environments on dimensions of occupational burnout among a sample of Chinese nurses using multilevel logistic regression models and demonstrating the superiority of employing multilevel models over conventional models within this context. Methods: A proportionate stratified sampling method was applied in this cross-sectional study that invited 1,300 registered nurses (RNs) from nine clinical units of a large, academic hospital in urban China to complete the questionnaire. Nurse-reported information was obtained using the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Findings: A total of 1,178 valid questionnaires were returned for a response rate of 90.62%. RNs generally perceived their nursing practice environment as favorable as measured by the PES-NWI. Approximately 40% of the respondents reported experiencing emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. The multivariate models indicated that nurse burnout was significantly associated with nurse participation in hospital affairs, nursing foundations for quality of care, and adequate staffing. In addition, our results illustrated the advantage of multilevel modeling over the conventional modeling for handling hierarchical data in terms of the accuracy of the estimates and the goodness-of-fit of the model. Conclusions/Application to Practice: These findings underscore the importance of measures aimed at enhancing nursing practice environments to prevent RNs from experiencing feelings of burnout and of considering multilevel analysis in future nursing research.
Anatomic Knot Suture Anchor Versus Knotless Suture Anchor Technique for Anterior Talofibular Ligament Repair: A Biomechanical Comparison
Authors: Li Hong , Xu Hanlin , Hua Yinghui , Chen Wenbo , Li Hongyun , Chen Shiyi
Published: January 2020

Background:

To date, there are few biomechanical studies comparing the strength between knot repair and knotless repair procedures for anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) injury.

Purpose:

To perform a biomechanical comparison of the strength of the arthroscopic ATFL repair technique with knot or knotless suture anchors in a cadaveric model with partial or complete ATFL injuries.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

A total of 24 fresh-frozen cadaveric ankles were used. Arthroscopy was used to identify, section, and repair the ATFL on the fibular insertion site. The specimens were then randomly placed into 1 of 4 groups: group A received complete ATFL section and 1–suture anchor repair with knot, group B received complete ATFL section and 1-anchor knotless repair, group C received partial ATFL section and 1–suture anchor repair with knot, and group D received partial ATFL section and 1-anchor knotless repair. After repair, the ATFL tension was measured first with a digitalized tensiometer. Specimens were then mounted on a materials testing system to determine the ultimate load to failure and stiffness.

Results:

The mean ± SD ligament tension measured during the arthroscopic procedure was 8.6 ± 0.6 N for group A, 9.2 ± 0.5 N for group B, 9.4 ± 1.1 N for group C, and 9.6 ± 0.9 N for group D. No significant difference in tension was detected among groups. In load-to-failure testing, the mean ultimate failure load was 27.9 ± 4.1 N for group A, 26.2 ± 9.3 N for group B, 81.9 ± 26.5 N for group C, and 88.1 ± 41.6 N for group D. The mean ultimate failure loads of the partial repair groups were significantly higher than those of the complete repair groups (C vs A, P = .008; D vs B, P = .002), while there was no significant difference between groups A and B ( P > .05) or between groups C and D ( P > .05).

Conclusion:

The results of the present study showed that there was no significant difference in biomechanical properties between knot repair and knotless repair techniques.

Clinical Relevance:

Biomechanically, the results showed that knot suture anchor and knotless suture repair provide similar biomechanical strength for ATFL injury. Unfortunately, these methods in the complete ATFL section models provided less than half the strength and stiffness in the partial ATFL section models at time zero after surgery. As a result, 1–suture anchor repair is not suitable for complete ATFL injury regardless of the repair method.
Connecting With Adolescent Mothers: Perspectives of Hospital-Based Perinatal Nurses
Authors: Quosdorf Ashley , Peterson Wendy E. , Rashotte Judy , Davies Barbara
Published: January 2020

Adolescent mothers are more likely to be dissatisfied with their perinatal nursing care than adult mothers. The purpose of this interpretive descriptive study was to explore adolescent-friendly care from the perspective of hospital-based perinatal nurses. Twenty-seven interviews were conducted with nurses with expertise caring for adolescent mothers. Open-ended questions were used to determine how they adapted their nursing practice when caring for adolescents, how they learned to provide adolescent-friendly care, and the facilitators and barriers to providing adolescent-friendly care. Nurses described two main goals: (a) delivering a positive experience and (b) ensuring mother and infant safety. They accomplished these goals by being nonjudgmental, forming a connection, and individualizing nursing care. The nurses described being mother-friendly, regardless of maternal age, and employing strategies to develop a nurse-adolescent mother therapeutic relationship. This research contributes to our understanding of how hospital-based perinatal nurses engage and support adolescent mothers.
Improving Academic Literacy in the Management Classroom: Are Your Students Lost in Translation?
Authors: Taylor Vicki Fairbanks , Stickney Lisa T. , DeMarr Beverly J. , Fender C. Melissa
Published: January 2020

Theoretical and empirical literature is often assigned in undergraduate and graduate management education. Even though the ability to read, interpret, and evaluate scholarly articles is an important skill for students and practitioners, comprehending and applying the information contained in scholarly articles can be challenging for a variety of reasons. To help undergraduate and graduate students develop greater academic literacy, we developed an exercise where students work first independently and then collaboratively to extract information from a journal article and translate findings into understandable, evidence-based practice that can be applied in organizations. We provide resources for instructors who wish to use this method in face-to-face or online classes.
Exploring the feasibility of future housing development within existing cities
Authors: Rijken Bart , Buitelaar Edwin , van Duinen Lianne
Published: January 2020

In cities around the world, housing demand is increasing rapidly. Since housing supply is inelastic, house prices are rising as well, which causes affordability problems. Although there is consensus about the need to raise production, there is debate about its location: within the existing city, on underused or derelict buildings and sites, or on greenfield land outside existing city boundaries? The question we address is how researchers on the science–policy interface can support these debates and facilitate evidence-based decision-making. We address two major problems while doing this: (1) the complexity of the object at hand, that is, of the development of urban systems and (2) the politicised nature of science-for-policy. The contribution of this paper is that it links complexity theory to the literature about science-for-policy, two usually unconnected literatures. An additional contribution is that it shows how the role of the scientist as ‘honest broker’, as developed by Roger Pielke, can be operationalised and applied to existing policy debates. We do that for the Dutch debate about housing development in existing urban areas.
Highly multiplexed proteomic assessment of human bone marrow in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Çelik Haydar , Lindblad Katherine E. , Popescu Bogdan , Gui Gege , Goswami Meghali , Valdez Janet , DeStefano Christin , Lai Catherine , Thompson Julie , Ghannam Jack Y. , Fantoni Giovanna , Biancotto Angélique , Candia Julián , Cheung Foo , Sukumar Gauthaman , Dalgard Clifton L. , Smith Richard H. , Larochelle Andre , Dillon Laura W. , Hourigan Christopher S.
Published: January 2020

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a genetically heterogeneous disease that is characterized by abnormal clonal proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells found predominantly within the bone marrow (BM) and blood. Recent studies suggest that genetic and phenotypic alterations in the BM microenvironment support leukemogenesis and allow leukemic cells to survive and evade chemotherapy-induced death. However, despite substantial evidence indicating the role of tumor–host interactions in AML pathogenesis, little is known about the complex microenvironment of the BM. To address this, we performed novel proteomic profiling of the noncellular compartment of the BM microenvironment in patients with AML (n = 10) and age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects (n = 10) using an aptamer-based, highly multiplexed, affinity proteomics platform (SOMAscan). We show that proteomic assessment of blood or RNA-sequencing of BM are suboptimal alternate screening strategies to determine the true proteomic composition of the extracellular soluble compartment of AML patient BM. Proteomic analysis revealed that 168 proteins significantly differed in abundance, with 91 upregulated and 77 downregulated in leukemic BM. A highly connected signaling network of cytokines and chemokines, including IL-8, was found to be the most prominent proteomic signature associated with AML in the BM microenvironment. We report the first description of significantly elevated levels of the myelosuppressive chemokine CCL23 (myeloid progenitor inhibitory factor-1) in both AML and myelodysplastic syndrome patients and perform functional experiments supportive of a role in the suppression of normal hematopoiesis. This unique paired RNA-sequencing and proteomics data set provides innovative mechanistic insights into AML and healthy aging and should serve as a useful public resource.
Correction to: Twenty-five years on: revisiting Bosnia and Herzegovina after implementation of a family medicine development program
Authors: Hodgetts Geoffrey , Brown Glenn , Batić-Mujanović Olivera , Gavran Larisa , Jatić Zaim , Račić Maja , Tešanović Gordana , Zalihić Amra , Martin Mary , Birtwhistle Richard
Published: January 2020

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors opted to correct the name of co-author Amra Zalihić from Zahilić to Zalihić. The original article has been corrected.