bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What it took to catalyse uptake of dynamic adaptive pathways planning to address climate change uncertainty
Authors: Lawrence Judith , Haasnoot M
Published: April 2021

© 2016 The Authors Implementing climate-resilient pathways in conditions of uncertainty and change is a serious challenge. Approaches have been developed for this type of problem, one of which, Dynamic Adaptive Policy Pathways approach (DAPP), has been applied in practice in a limited number of circumstances, mainly for large infrastructure projects and at national scales. To better understand what it takes to catalyse uptake of DAPP to better address uncertainty and change than typical static planning approaches, we examined the role of a simulation game facilitated by a knowledge broker, in a real-life local decision setting on flood risk management in New Zealand. Four intervention phases over four years are described and their influence analysed: 1) creating interest through framing the science, 2) increasing awareness using the Game, 3) experimenting with DAPP, and 4) uptake of DAPP. We found that a knowledge broker introducing new framing of changing risk profiles, facilitating use of the Game and the DAPP approach in a real-life decision making setting, with contextual support from events and (inter)national reports, catalysed the uptake of adaptive pathways planning. We identified enabling requirements necessary for embedding adaptive planning into decision-making practice for addressing uncertainty and change.
The development and application of a specialised word list: The case of Fabrication
Authors: Coxhead Averil , McLaughlin E , Reid A
Published: April 2021

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in 'Journal of Vocational Education & Training' on 2018-05-08, available online: https://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/13636820.2018.1471094.
Single and multi-word unit vocabulary in university tutorials and laboratories: Evidence from corpora and textbooks
Authors: Coxhead Averil , Dang T , Mukai S
Published: April 2021

© 2017 Elsevier Ltd Small-group academic interactions, such as tutorials and laboratory sessions, do not often feature in vocabulary or English for Academic Purposes (EAP) research. Yet across many disciplines in tertiary education, students are required to attend and participate in these speaking and listening events. EAP students need to be prepared for them, and their textbooks should help them prepare also. The present study included interview data from lecturers and students which identified specific issues with speaking in small groups in university; corpus-based analysis of tutorials and laboratory sessions which showed large amounts of high frequency vocabulary; and an EAP/ESP textbook analysis showed little focus on vocabulary in tutorials and nothing on laboratories. A total of 176 phrases were suggested in three textbooks as being useful for expressions for speaking in small groups. An analysis of these phrases in the corpus showed that three quarters of these phrases did not appear in the laboratory corpus and two thirds did not appear in the tutorial corpus. Finally, lexical patterns from the corpus were identified and categorised in the same way as existing lists of multiword units in spoken academic English. Implications for pedagogy and materials design are followed by suggestions for future research.
Adapting global shared socio-economic pathways for national and local scenarios
Authors: Frame B , Lawrence Judith , Ausseil AG , Reisinger A , Daigneault A
Published: April 2021

© 2018 The Authors Socio-economic scenarios enable us to understand the extent to which global-, national- and local-scale societal developments can influence the nature and severity of climate change risks and response options. Shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs) enable a systematic exploration of the challenges to adaptation and mitigation that alternative futures entail. However, SSPs are primarily defined for the global scale. If countries are to test their adaptation and mitigation options for robustness across plausible future socio-economic conditions, then SSPs require country-relevant detail to understand climate change risks at the national and local scales. New Zealand is used to illustrate how nationally relevant socio-economic scenarios, nested within SSPs can be developed to inform national- and local-scale studies of climate change impacts and their implications. Shared policy assumptions were developed, involving a mix of climate-specific and non-climate-specific policies, to demonstrate how international links and global-scale developments are critical locally—local choices may accelerate, reduce or even negate the impact of global trends for extended periods. The typology was then ‘tested’ by applying it in a local context. The research challenges observed in developing credible, salient and legitimate national-scale socio-economic scenarios include issues in developing scenarios across a multidisciplinary team. Finally, recommendations for adapting shared climate policy assumptions to produce national and local scenarios, and for assessing the feasibility and effectiveness of climate change adaptation options are presented. These include the need for: guidelines to embed national scenarios in global frameworks; a limit the number of plausible futures; inter-operability of models; an ability to work towards effective multi-disciplinary teams and integrative research; and the opportunity to involve participatory processes where feasible.
Applying principles of uncertainty within coastal hazard assessments to better support coastal adaptation
Authors: Stephens SA , Bell RG , Lawrence Judith
Published: April 2021

© 2017 by the authors. Coastal hazards result from erosion of the shore, or flooding of low-elevation land when storm surges combine with high tides and/or large waves. Future sea-level rise will greatly increase the frequency and depth of coastal flooding and will exacerbate erosion and raise groundwater levels, forcing vulnerable communities to adapt. Communities, local councils and infrastructure operators will need to decide when and how to adapt. The process of decision making using adaptive pathways approaches, is now being applied internationally to plan for adaptation over time by anticipating tipping points in the future when planning objectives are no longer being met. This process requires risk and uncertainty considerations to be transparent in the scenarios used in adaptive planning. We outline a framework for uncertainty identification and management within coastal hazard assessments. The framework provides a logical flow from the land use situation, to the related level of uncertainty as determined by the situation, to which hazard scenarios to model, to the complexity level of hazard modeling required, and to the possible decision type. Traditionally, coastal flood hazard maps show inundated areas only. We present enhanced maps of flooding depth and frequency which clearly show the degree of hazard exposure, where that exposure occurs, and how the exposure changes with sea-level rise, to better inform adaptive planning processes. The new uncertainty framework and mapping techniques can better inform identification of trigger points for adaptation pathways planning and their expected time range, compared to traditional coastal flooding hazard assessments.
Developing signals to trigger adaptation to sea-level rise
Authors: Stephens SA , Bell RG , Lawrence Judith
Published: April 2021

© 2018 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd. Dynamic adaptive policy pathways (DAPP) is emerging as a 'fit-for-purpose' method for climate-change adaptation planning to address widening future uncertainty and long planning timeframes. A key component of DAPP is to monitor indicators of change such as flooding and storm events, which can trigger timely adaptive actions (change pathway/behavior) ahead of thresholds. Signals and triggers are needed to support DAPP - the signal provides early warning of the emergence of the trigger (decision-point), and the trigger initiates the process to change pathway before a harmful adaptation-threshold is reached. We demonstrate a new approach to designing signals and triggers using the case of increased flooding as sea level continues to rise. The flooding frequency is framed in terms of probable timing of several events reaching a specific height threshold within a set monitoring period. This framing is well suited to adaptive planning for different hazards, because it allows the period over which threshold exceedances are monitored to be specified, and thus allows action before adaptation-thresholds are reached, while accounting for the potential range of timing and providing a probability of premature warning, or of triggering adaptation too late. For our New Zealand sea level case study, we expect early signals to be observed in 10 year monitoring periods beginning 2021. Some urgency is therefore required to begin the assessment, planning and community engagement required to develop adaptive plans and associated signals and triggers for monitoring. Worldwide, greater urgency is required at tide-dominated sites than those adapted to large storm-surges. Triggers can be designed with confidence that a change in behavior pathway (e.g. relocating communities) will be triggered before an adaptation-threshold occurs. However, it is difficult to avoid the potential for premature adaptation. Therefore, political, social, economic, or cultural signals are also needed to complement the signals and triggers based on coastal-hazard considerations alone.
Makna Simbolik dan Nilai-Nilai yang Terkandung dalam Seni Pakemplung di Kecamatan Naringgul Kabupaten Cianjur
Authors: Pramanik Niknik Dewi , Dienaputra Reiza D. , Guna Bucky Wibawa Karya , Adji Muhamad
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT This study describes the art of Pakemplung in Kampung Tegal Bungur, Wanasari Village, Naringgul District, Cianjur Regency. This art is very rare and almost extinct. This study aims to explore the history of Pakemplung art, forms of performance, essence, symbols, functions, and to identify and collect Pakemplung art documents. The method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of research, Pakemplung art is used as a medium to get closer to God and a medium for interaction between players and spectators. As a whole, Pakemplung's art contains religious, compact, mutual cooperation, responsibility, observant, thoroughness, courage, beauty, neatness, authority, and servitude.Keywords: Pakemplung art, essence, symbols, functions ABSTRAKPenelitian ini tentang kesenian pakemplung di Kampung Tegal Bungur Desa Wanasari Kecamatan Naringgul Kabupaten Cianjur. Pakemplung adalah kesenian yang hanya terdapat di Kampung Tegal Bungur dan merupakan kesenian yang langka, bahkan tengah menuju pada kepunahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguak sejarah, bentuk pertunjukan, makna, simbol, dan fungsi pakemplung, serta mengidentifikasi dan mengumpulkan dokumentasinya. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif.  Sumber data yang digunakan berupa sumber primer dan sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Validasi data menggunakan triangulasi sumber, dan dianalisis dengan kualitatif model interaktif. Adapun yang menjadi objek penelitian ini yaitu budaya kesenian pakemplung dengan subjek penelitian dari empat narasumber yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik snowball. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dihasilkan seni Pakemplung sebagai media untuk mendekatkan diri dengan Tuhan dan tempat untuk melakukan proses interaksi antara pemain dengan penonton. Pakemplung secara keseluruhan mengandung makna religius, kekompakan, gotong royong, tanggungjawab, kejelian, ketelitian, keberanian, keindahan, kerapian, kewibawaan, dan penghambaan. Kata kunci: seni pakemplung, esensi, simbol, fungsi
Frecuencia y caracterización del trauma de tórax. Cuenca – Ecuador
Authors: Ávila-Narváez Jorge Eduardo , Ávila-Narváez Juan Andrés , Vásquez-Cevallos Jessica Gabriel , Espinosa-Martín Lisette , Moyano-Brito Edison Gustavo
Published: April 2021

Antecedentes: el traumatismo de tórax es una patología altamente desafiante debido a que existe compromiso de órganos vitales, con la elevada posibilidad de falla multiorgánica y muerte. Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia y la severidad del trauma de tórax en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso y José Carrasco Arteaga, periodo 2018. Materiales y métodos: se trata de un estudio descriptivo transversal. La muestra fueron 248 pacientes con trauma de tórax que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Los datos se recolectaron mediante un formulario diseñado por el autor. La estadística descriptiva se presentó con las medidas de centralización (media) y dispersión (DS) para las variables cuantitativas, y para las cualitativas con valores de frecuencia y porcentaje. La información se tabuló en el software estadístico SPSS v. 15. Resultados: la frecuencia trauma de tórax fue del 17,2%; el promedio de edad del 42,03 ±DS 18,74 años; el 60% pacientes fueron masculinos; además, el 30% tenían un trauma toracoabdominal; el 20% la etiología fue accidente laboral; y el 80% tuvieron un trauma cerrado y el 50% de ellos fue directo. En los traumas abiertos, el 20% fue por arma blanca. El 20% de las complicaciones fueron por neumotórax, enfisema y hemitórax; el 60% tuvieron un manejo quirúrgico, y de estos, los tipos de intervenciones más frecuentes fueron el drenaje pleural; y la severidad fueron leves en el 60%. Conclusiones: el trauma de tórax fue frecuente en el sexo masculino, la etiología por accidente laboral, siendo el neumotórax la complicación más usual
El fenómeno de sexting en adolescentes, Cuenca-Ecuador
Authors: Piedra-Argudo María Magdalena , Tapia-Cárdenas Jeanneth , Once-Campoverde José Luis , Salazar-Torres Zoila Katherine , Tenemaza-Ruilova Vinicio Marcelo
Published: April 2021

Antecedentes: el sexting es el envío de contenidos de tipo sexual, realizadas por el propio remitente y que son enviadas a otras personas. El sexting puede involucrar problemas legales e incluso el CiberBullying, ciberacoso, o sextorsion. Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia y caracterizar el sexting en los adolescentes de la Unidad Educativa del Milenio Manuela Garaicoa de Calderón, Cuenca 2018. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, cuantitativo, descriptivo, se aplicó una encuesta a 268 adolescentes matriculados en la institución participante para el período lectivo 2017-2018, los cuales fueron seleccionados aleatoriamente, se indagó sobre características sociodemográficas, frecuencia y caracterización de sexting. Resultados: el promedio de edad fue 15,86 años, el grupo etario más frecuente se ubicó entre los 14 a 16 años, 67,9% de sexo femenino, 69,4% residía en áreas urbanas. El 63,1% afirmó practicar sexting; 58,2% fue pasivo y 20,5% activo. Sobre sexting pasivo, el tipo de contenido más frecuente fueron las fotos 77,6%, siendo Facebook la red social más usada 78,8%. En el sexting activo su práctica se dio de manera voluntaria en 81,8% y se caracterizó por el envío de textos con proposiciones sobre actividad sexual mediante un móvil en 41,8%.
Patrones de crecimiento estatural y maxilofaciales en niños de 6 a 12 años de la ciudad de Cuenca
Authors: Moyano-Brito Edison Gustavo , Pacurucu-Ávila Nube Johanna , Villalobos-Inciarte Noren Enrique , García-López Roberto Antonio
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Establecer patrones de crecimiento estatural y maxilofaciales referenciales en niños de 6 a 12 años en la ciudad de Cuenca. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo correlacional, la muestra se conformó por 1750 niños de 6 a 12 años seleccionados de manera probabilística y estratificada por edades y sexo. Los escolares de esta investigación pertenecían a las diferentes escuelas de la ciudad de Cuenca, a quienes se les tomó las medidas antropométricas como estatura, altura facial inferior y profundidad del maxilar, para el proceso de recopilación de información se utilizaron un estadiómetro y calibradores cuyos datos se registraron mediante una ficha de recolección de datos elaborado por los autores y validado a criterio de expertos. La altura facial inferior y profundidad del maxilar fueron utilizadas para desarrollar una distribución percentilar: p15, p50, p85 relacionadas a la talla del escolar, para el análisis de la talla se desarrolló la distribución mediante los valores de la media aritmética y desviación estándar. Resultados: Se estableció las estaturas promedio en niños por edad y sexo, los valores se resumieron en cinco categorías que pudieran ser utilizadas como medidas referenciales para la talla en infantes de 6 a 12 años. Las variables altura facial inferior y profundidad del maxilar se obtuvieron valores percentilares (p15, p50, p85) a partir de la estatura de los infantes obteniendo rangos de 4,4cm a 7cm para la altura facial inferior y de 9,1cm a 12,2cm para la profundidad del maxilar. Conclusión: Las medidas referenciales de la estatura en los niños obtenidas en el presente estudio varían de los valores establecidos por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) siendo la estatura de los infantes de la ciudad de Cuenca 3cm por debajo del percentil 50 de la OMS. Los escolares de la ciudad de Cuenca podrían utilizar los patrones de crecimiento maxilofaciales elaboradas a partir de la estatura con la finalidad de monitorizar su adecuado crecimiento.
KEEFEKTIFAN LAYANAN BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK TEKNIK ROLE PLAYING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SIKAP POSITIF KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA KELAS VIII SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 2 COMAL KABUPATEN PEMALANG
Authors: Sakinah Anisa Nur
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan karena melihat kurangnya sikap positif siswa terhadap kesehatan reproduksi yang menyadarkan pentingnya kesehatan reproduksi bagi remaja. Adapun permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana cara meningkatkan sikap positif kesehatan reproduksi pada siswa melalui layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role playing. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan keefektifan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role playing untuk meningkatkan sikap positif kesehatan reproduksi pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Comal. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif eksperimen dengan desain one-group preteset-postest. Adapun sampel yang digunakan yaitu berjumlah 8 dari 112 siswa yang mengikuti pretest. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling.alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan peneliti yaitu menggunakan skala sikap siswa terhadap kesehatan reproduksi dan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sikap positif kesehatan reproduksi pada siswa sebelum dan sesudah mendapatkan treatment berupa bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role playing mengalami peningkatan sebesar 14,6 dari hasil awal saat pretest sebesar 38,5 menjadi 53,1 saat postets. Adapun hasil uji Wilcoxon yaitu nilai Asymp.Sig 0,11 < 0,05 yang berarti hipotesis penelitian diterima. Dari penelitian ini, maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role playing terbukti efektif untuk meningkatkan sikap positif kesehatan reproduksi pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Comal.Kata Kunci: Bimbingan Kelompok, Role Playing, Sikap Positif Kesehatan Reproduksi.
The Role of Transformational Leadership and Knowledge Management in Organizational Innovation of Schools
Authors:   Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Khuzestan, Iran, Rad Hamid , Shahi Sakineh ,   Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Khuzestan, Iran, Fazeli Ahmad ,   Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Khuzestan, Iran
Published: April 2021

One of the most significant prerequisites for an innovative school is the presence of transformational leaders and knowledge sharing. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the transformational leadership on organizational innovation with the mediating role of knowledge management. It applied research by orientation, descriptive research by purpose, survey research by strategy, causal research by nature, and a questionnaire in terms of data collection methods. Data were collected from 265 school principals, expert officers and deputy managers at the Department of Education of Dasht-e Azadegan county, Khuzestan province, Iran. As the target population was small, census sampling was adopted and all the 265 members participated in the survey. For data collection, the Multifactor Leadership, Organizational Innovation, and Knowledge Management Questionnaires were used, whose reliability (using Cronbach’s alpha) was estimated to be 0.89, 0.93, and 0.91, respectively. Factor analysis was used for validity assessment. For data analysis, structural equation modeling in Amos software was employed. The results showed that components of intellectual stimulation, idealized influence, inspirational motivation, and individualized consideration, both directly and through the mediating role of knowledge management, influence organizational innovation of schools.
Evaluasi Simpang Bersinyal Taman Sari – Cikapayang Kota Bandung Dengan Analisis VisSim
Authors: Hutahaean Yopi Grace , Susilo Budi Hartanto
Published: April 2021

Taman Sari - Cikapayang intersection is one of the intersections in Bandung that has traffic problems, namely traffic jams. It can be seen from the length of the long lines at the arms of the Taman Sari - Cikapayang intersection to the Sulanjana intersection which often occurs during rush hour and weekend. Traffic jam occur in the Taman Sari - Cikapayang intersection during weekend because of the large number of cars parked along the Cikapayang road and the front of ??Balubur Town Square (Baltos) area.

To minimize the level of congestion at the Taman Sari - Cikapayang intersection, a study was conducted to determine the causes of congestion at the Taman Sari - Cikapayang intersection and optimize the performance of the Taman Sari - Cikapayang intersection. It could be maked by modeling the Intersection using VisSim software. From the results of modeling conducted on VisSim software to describe congestion in the area of ??Baltos  can be obtained an alternative solution to optimize the performance of Taman Sari – Cikapayang intrrsection. The results of the evaluation of traffic performance at Simpang Taman Sari - Cikapayang is obtained by the length of the largest queue at rush hour in the afternoon are found in the Cikapayang approach with a length of 353 meters with a LoS F.

Based on simulation, the best solution to solve the problem of the length of the queue and LoS in the Baltos area is by banned the parking area on the Baltos area because it can reduce the length of the existing condition queue on the Taman Sari and Cikapayang and can increase LoS F in existing conditions to LoS A.
The wood decomposition system and community diversity of fungi
Authors:   1College of Economics & Management, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China. 2College of Literature & Media, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
Published: April 2021

Fungi are critical agents of the global carbon cycle, however, our ability to link fungal community composition to ecosystem functioning is constrained by a limited understanding the wood decomposition rates of fungus. Here we examined the wood decomposition rate of fungus and the impact of fungal community diversity on the wood decomposing. To understand the relationship between the wood decomposition rate and the traits of fungi, we introduced 37 types of fungus into the wood decomposition system and set the growth rate and moisture tolerance of fungus as the explanatory variables. In addition, we constructed the competition, parasitic and symbiotic model based on Malthus-block growth comprehensive to analyze and predict the interactions between different fungus. The entropy weight-TOPSIS model was established to understand the biodiversity of fungus and obtain the relative dominance degree which can reflect the advantages and disadvantages of different fungus. The ARIMA model was used in five different environments to predict the impact of fungal community diversity on the overall efficiency of wood decomposing. Our research can not only help us to better understand the fungus community, but also significant for improving the quality of climate and the carbon cycle.
Caracterização da biomassa de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar com vistas energéticas
Authors: Grotto Carlos Guilherme Lopes , Costa Adão Marcos Ferreira , Colares Carla Jovania Gomes , Pereira Douglas Henrique
Published: April 2021

A utilização de biomassas residuais de plantas utilizadas na agroindústria tem sido crescente. O bagaço de cana-de-açúcar se destaca nesse cenário, já que a cultura da planta é muito difundida, gerando grandes quantidades desse resíduo. Neste contexto é necessário entender as características dessa biomassa para poder otimizar a geração de energia. Diante do exposto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar e avaliar o potencial energético da biomassa de cana-de-açúcar por meio da análise dos principais parâmetros que influenciam esse processo. Foram realizadas análises de poder calorífico superior, análises químicas imediatas, infravermelho e análise elementar, com o intuito de avaliar o potencial energético desse material. Observou-se bom nível de poder calorífico superior, 4309,50 kcal kg-1, além de teores baixos de cinzas, 0,95%, fatores que podem explicar a grande utilização da biomassa de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar para a geração de energia direta, principalmente na indústria.
Palavras-chave: Resíduos. Cana-de-açúcar. Fonte de energia.
 
Characterization of sugar cane bagasse biomass with energy views
Abstract
The use of residual biomass from plants used in agribusiness has been increasing. The sugarcane bagasse stands out in this scenario, since the plant's culture is very widespread, generating large amounts of this residue. In this context, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of this biomass in order to optimize the energy generation. With the above, the present study had as objective characterize and evaluate energy potential of sugarcane biomass through the analysis of the main parameters that influence the process. Analyzes of superior calorific power, immediate chemical analyzes, infrared and elementary analysis were carried out, in order to evaluate the energetic potential of this material. A good level of higher calorific value was observed, 4309.50 kcal kg-1, in addition to low ash content, 0.95%, factors that may explain the great use of sugarcane bagasse for direct energy generation, mainly in industry.
Keywords: Waste. Sugarcane. Energy source.
A FINANCIAL AND MACROECONOMIC OVERVIEW OF “WATER”: THE CASE OF PALESTINE
Authors: SAMARAH Wisam Adnan , TUNCAY Merve
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this paper is to determine whether the current water supply can aid in achieving economic growth in Palestine through the agricultural sector. Thus an attempt was made to answer the question whether it is worthwhile for the Palestinian Authority (PA) to invest in the agricultural sector to achieve a certain level of sustainable development.
A time-series regression analysis is performed to investigate whether the current amount of water can sustain economic growth in Palestine for 1998-2018. Findings have indicated that there is no relationship between the agricultural sector and the two sources of water. Meanwhile, there is a cointegration relationship between the agricultural sector and the spring water.
Accordingly, water is not achieving economic growth in Palestine due to a shrinking agricultural sector. Moreover, the Palestinian agricultural sector faces several challenges during the expansion period, most importantly in terms of the insufficient subsidies provided to the Palestinian farmers by the PA.
A STUDY OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES IN SULTANATE OF OMAN
Authors: Husain Uvesh , Javed Sarfaraz , Araimi Aisha Salim Al
Published: April 2021

The objective of this research is to find impact of foreign direct investment on manufacturing industries in Oman. The study utilized a quantitative research method which applied primary and secondary data obtained from Oman's World Bank database (1984-2018). The primary data were collected from a research questionnaire administered to 410 respondents from nine industrial sectors, namely: Textile, Petroleum goods, Electronics, Automotive, Food & Beverages, Agriculture & Fishery, Publishing, Chemicals and Pharmaceutics. The results of this study also revealed that the spillover impacts on domestic companies, like novel technology, marketing strategies, organizational skills, money, jobs, export growth, diversifying of economy and greater competition, lead to enhanced domestic market efficiency and boosted productivity in skill-spreading host economies with the highest impact accompanied with Capital and Technology spillover.
Traffic Management Of Air Transportation On Noise Control In The Area Around Juanda Airport
Authors: Pamungkas Tri Cahyo Adi , Mudjanarko Sri Wiwoho
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine (1) the level of noise in the area around Juanda Airport, (2) the perception of the community in the area around Juanda Airport about the comfort of life with noise, and (3) public perception of the discourse on implementing environmental management in the area around Juanda airport. The locations in this study are on Jalan Raya Sedati Gede (A1) and Jalan H. Abdul Rahman Sedati Gede (A2). The data collection technique used is the measurement technique with the help of a sound level meter for noise data collection, while the public perception data collection uses a questionnaire technique. The analysis technique used for public perception data is to use descriptive statistical tests. The results showed that (1) the measurement results in residential areas were in accordance with the Noise Level Quality Standard Decree of the Minister of Environment, Kep 48 / MENLH / 11/1996. November 25, 1996, for the locations of Jalan Raya Sedati Gede (A1) 77.48 dBA, and Jalan H. Abdul Rahman Sedati Gede (A2) 67.43 Dba above the noise quality standard threshold for settlements of 55 dBA. (2) The majority of the people around Juanda Airport agree that flight activities at Juanda airport cause noise that cause discomfort, rest, and cause stress. (3) The community in the area around Juanda Airport agreed to the need for environmental management as an effort to control noise.
Comparing of Car-Bym, Generalized Poisson, and Negative Binomial Models on Tuberculosis Data in Banyumas Districs
Authors: Jajang Jajang , Pratikno Budi , Mashuri Mashuri
Published: April 2021

In 2019 the number of people with TB (Tuberculosis) in Banyumas, Central Java, is high (1,910 people have been detected with TB). The number of people infected Tuberculosis (TB) in Banyumas is the count data and it is also the area data. In modeling, the parameter estimation and characteristic of the data need to be considered. Here, we studied comparing Generalized Poisson (GP), negative binomial (NB), and Poisson and CAR.BYM model for TB cases in Banyumas. Here, we use two methods for parameter estimation, maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) and Bayes. The MLE is used for GP and NB models, whereas Bayes is used for Poisson and CAR-BYM. The results showed that Poisson model detected overdispersion where deviance value is 67.38 for 22 degrees of freedom. Therefore, ratio of deviance to degrees of freedom is 3.06 (>1). This indicates that there was overdispersion. The folowing GP, NB, Poisson-Bayes and CAR-BYM are used to modeling TB data in Banyumas and we compare their RMSE. With refer to RMES criteria, we found that CAR-BYM is the best model for modeling TB in Banyumas because its RMSE is smallest.
Geographically Weighted Regression with Kernel Weighted Function on Poverty Cases in West Java Province
Authors: Nurpadilah Winda , Sumertajaya I Made , Aidi Muhamad Nur
Published: April 2021

Spatial regression analysis is a form of regression model that considers spatial effects. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) is the spatial regression methods that can be used to deal with the problem of spatial diversity. This method generates local model parameter estimates for each observation location. The application of spatial statistics can be done in all areas such as the problem of poverty. Poverty can be influenced by factors of proximity between regions, so that in determining the poverty factor, the proximity factor of the region cannot be ignored. West Java Province is a province with the largest population, so this study aims to model the poverty data in West Java Province by incorporating spatial effects. The weighting function used for the GWR model is the function of the fixed and adaptive kernels. The analysis results show that the fixed exponential kernel function has the smallest cross validation (CV) value, so the weighting matrix used in the model is determined by the exponential kernel function. The largest  value and the smallest AIC value are owned by the GWR model with an exponential kernel function. Based on the results obtained by the the ANOVA table to test GWR's global goodness, the GWR model is more effective than global regression. Therefore, the GWR model is the best model when it used in West Java’s poverty cases. The effect of each explanatory variable on the percentage of poverty varies in each district/city in West Java Province.
Photocatalytic Removal of Malachite Green and Brilliant Blue Dyes from its Aqueous Solution: A Case Study of Factorial Experimental Design
Authors: Mussa Zainab Haider , Al-Qaim Fouad , Yuzir Ali , Shameli Kamyar
Published: April 2021

Abstract. In this present study, the investigation of the photocatalytic removal of malachite green and brilliant blue dyes from their aqueous solution using photocatalytic oxidation process was provided. The application of factorial experimental design for the analysis the results was the main objective in the present study. The photocatalytic removal of Malachite Green (MG) and Brilliant Blue (BB) dyes was carried out in aqueous solutions containing the dye and suspended of ZnO upon UV irradiation (high pressure mercury lamp Radium 125 W). The effect of different factors such as initial dye concentration, sample volume and treatment time was taken in account. All samples of MG and BB have been analysed at 617 and 620 nm, respectively. The linearity ranged between 5 and 50 mg/L for MG dye while it was ranged between 20 and 200 mg/L for BB dye. The linear regression, R2, was more than 0.995 for both dyes. The results revealed that factorial experimental design analysis has given a better indication to investigate the effects of factors. It was observed that the most of factors are significant for both dyes. Initial concentration and treatment time factors were the most significant factors for MG and BB dyes, respectively according to pareto chart.
 
Resumen. En este estudio se presenta una investigación sobre la remoción fotocatalítica de colorantes de verde de malaquita y azul brillante de soluciones acuosas mediante procesos de oxidación fotocatalítica.  El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue la aplicación de un diseño experimental factorial para el análisis de los resultados.  La remoción del verde de malaquita (MG) y azul brillante (BB) de soluciones acuosas se llevó a cabo mediante irradiación de luz UV en presencia de partículas de ZnO en suspensión.  Para los experimentos, se usó una lámpara de mercurio a alta presión (Radium 125 W).  Se consideraron los efectos de distintas variables, como la concentración inicial de cada colorante, el volumen de la muestra y el tiempo de tratamiento.  Todas las muestras de MG y BB se analizaron a 617 y 620 nm, respectivamente.  Se observó linealidad en los resultados en el intervalo de concentraciones entre 5 y 50 mg/L para el caso de MG, mientras que para el BB la linealidad se observó en el intervalo de concentraciones entre 20 y 200 mg/L.  En ambos casos, los datos se ajustaron a modelos lineales con valores de R2 mayores a 0.995.  Los resultados revelaron que el diseño experimental factorial permite investigar de mejor manera los efectos de diversos factores, encontrándose que la concentración inicial y el tiempo de tratamiento son los factores más importantes para la remoción de MG y BB, respectivamente, según se muestra en los gráficos de Pareto.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Molecular Docking Against a Receptor Protein FimH of Escherichia coli (4XO8) of Thymidine Derivatives
Authors: Alam Asraful , Anowar Hosen Mohammed , Hosen Anowar , Fujii Yuki , Ozeki Yasuhiro , Kawsar Sarkar Mohammad Abe
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Thymidine is known as a progenitor of nucleosides that have significant biological activity. The widening importance of nucleoside derivatives as unrivaled potential antimicrobial and therapeutic agents has attracted contemplation to the synthesis of thymidine derivatives. In the present study, thymidine was treated with various acyl halides to produce 5ʹ-O-acyl thymidine derivatives by direct acylation method with an excellent yield. To obtain newer products for antimicrobial assessment studies, the 5ʹ-O-thymidine derivatives were further modified into three series of 3ʹ-O-acyl thymidine derivatives containing a wide variety of functionalities in a single molecular framework. The chemical structures of the newly synthesized compounds were elucidated by analyzing their physicochemical, elemental, and spectroscopic data. Additionally, the X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) of these acylated products was studied. For the computational investigation, we have selected eight synthesized thymidine derivatives, which have notable antibacterial activity, and performed molecular docking against bacterial lectin protein FimH of Escherichia coli (4XO8) to suggest a potent inhibitor against bacterial function. Molecular docking was performed using AutoDock Vina to calculate the binding affinities and interactions between the antibacterials and the FimH E. coli (4XO8). It was found that the selected thymidine derivatives have strongly interacted mainly with Tyr48, Tyr137, Asp140, Arg98, Gln133, Phe1, Asn23, Asn135, Lys76, Asp47, Ile13, and Ile52 residues. In silico pharmacokinetic properties were also predicted to search their absorption, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity. This computational examination showed that these thymidine derivatives might be used as potential inhibitors against the promising antibacterial activity for future studies.
 
Resumen. Se prepararon varios derivados 5ʹ-O-acil timidínicos por acilación directa con rendimientos excelentes que fueron transformados en tres series de derivados 3ʹ-O-acil timidínicos con una amplia variedad de funcionalidades. Estos compuestos fueron la base de un estudio de docking dirigido a la lectina bacteriana FimH de Escherichia coli (4XO8) con la finalidad de proponer un inhibidor contra esta función bacteriana.
Gould’s Creaking Chair, Schoenberg’s Metric Clarity
Authors: Beaudoin Richard
Published: April 2021

The audible creaking of Glenn Gould’s loose-jointed piano chair has historically been the subject of apologetic liner notes and recording studio memoirs. These chair creaks are here recognized as “sounded movements” of Gould’s body. This article triangulates the score of Schoenberg’s Sechs kleine Klavierstücke, op. 19, no. 1, published analyses of its unique rhythmic unfolding, and new micro-temporal measurements of Gould’s September 1965 recording of the work. Quantifying Sanden’s concept of “corporeal liveness,” spectrographic tools are used to generate a proper census of all the sounds captured by the microphone in order to map their rhythmic interaction. A notable “creak gap” in Gould’s recording is linked to published observations regarding the work’s process of emerging metric clarity, and one of Gould’s vocal elaborations is recognized for its augmentation of Schoenberg’s pitch material. Overlaying analytical literature with microtiming data reveals a correlation between the composition’s trajectory of metric clarification and the decrease in Gould’s physical motion. The findings are used to question the pervasive and disturbing suppression of non-notated sounds that accompany the recording of notated music. Recognizing sounds that are normally marginalized, this study fuses theoretical observations about Schoenberg’s composition with the audio artifacts of Gould’s corporeality.
Schoenberg’s Cinematographic Blueprint: A Programmatic Analysis ofBegleitungsmusik zu einer Lichtspielscene(1929–1930)
Authors: Hilewicz Orit
Published: April 2021

This study examines Arnold Schoenberg’s only published music for film,Begleitungsmusik zu einer Lichtspielscene[Accompaniment to a Film Scene], op. 34 (1929–30). Although not composed for an existing film scene, evidence ofBegleitungsmusik’s cinematic aspirations motivate this analysis, which approaches the composition as a cinematographic blueprint: a design (or program) for a scene that at the same time serves as its soundtrack. To examine this proposition, I collaborated with artist and filmmaker Stephen Sewell to create a film scene based on my analysis of the piece, which expresses the global narrative described in its program using rhythmic, textural, and structural strategies. While presenting analysis as film proves remarkably appropriate to this composition, in fact, analytical visualization can contribute to various interpretive approaches, allowing listeners to connect an analytical reading in real time to their experience.
The Analysis of Critical Thinking Ability and Self-Effacement Toward Carousel Feedback Learning Model
Authors: Johannes Nathalia Yohana , Mahananingtyas Elsinora
Published: April 2021

This research is aimed to find out the presence of causality by analyzing students’ critical thinking ability in applying Carousel feedback learning model. This research employed quasi experimental research. The subject of the study was the fifth grade students of elementary1 and 4 Naira. There were 39 students. The instrument of the research was essay test that used to test the cognitive aspect with the purpose to measure the result of students’ conceptual mastery in their critical thinking ability. Besides test, there were two questionnaires that used in order to get information about students’ response toward the implementation of Carousel feedback learning k,model and the second questionnaire was used to analyze students’ self-efficacy. The result of critical thinking ability with nonparametric test and the Wilcoxon test showed that there was significance 0.000 < 0.05. Therefore, Ho was rejected and H1 was accepted. This means that there were differences in students' critical thinking skills before and after the implementation of Carousel Feedback learning model. Moreover, the result of students’ self-efficacy showed that the result of paired sample test was significance 0.016 < 0.05. Thus, it was decided that Ho was rejected and H1 was accepted. It can be said that there was difference about the ability of students’ self-efficacy before and after implementing Carousel feedback model in learning.
STEM (SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS) APPROACHES USING THEMATIC LEARNING MEDIA TO DEVELOP CRITICAL THINKING
Authors: Rizqiyana Azka Falaih
Published: April 2021

Current learning emphasizes the integration of science and technology to face the challenges of the 21st century. Elementary school students experience difficulties in developing critical thinking skills due to the limitations of thematic learning media and appropriate learning approaches. Teachers must support the learning process following the changing times, namely integrating Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) into fun learning. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the approach stem using thematic learning media in developing the critical thinking skills of elementary school students. This research is a quantitative research using a quasi-experimental method with one-group-pre-test-post-test, which is to see the difference between the pre-test and post-test with 1 class without a control class. Furthermore, the data obtained in this study were in the form of students 'answers to data collection instruments that measured students' critical thinking skills before and after treatment with the approach STEM using thematic learning media. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion, it is concluded that the criteria for improving students' critical thinking skills are in the moderate category, there is a difference in the mean critical thinking skills between the pre-test group, namely before and the post-test group, namely after learning with the approach STEM using thematic learning media and the post-test group, that is, after learning with the approach STEM using thematic learning media has average critical thinking skills better than the pre-test group, namely before learning with the approach STEM using thematic learning media.Keywords: STEM, Learning Media, Thematic, Critical Thinking
Globaali talouskriisi ja Suomen alueellinen resilienssi
Authors: Kurikka Heli
Published: April 2021

The aim of this article is to make a general overview to regional economic resilience in the sub-regions of Finland after the 2009 recession. Resilience is studied from perspectives of resistance, recovery, renewal and reorientation of employment and gross domestic product. In addition, the relationship of different kinds of structural background factors to regional resilience is outlined. The regional output is measured in relation to region’s own pre-recession output. The key findings suggest that (1) productivity has recovered better in more peripheral regions of Finland but employment recovery has been better in growth regions. (2) The regional characteristics connected to resilience of employment and GDP seem to be quite opposite. (3) Resilience is not a one feature, instead it takes many different forms. Therefore, in regional development policies it is important to specify which types of resilience, e.g. employment or production resilience, are being pursued.
Wie baue ich mein Haus? Edoardo Gellner e il dilemma dell’architetto
Authors: Merlo Michele
Published: April 2021

"To be able to resist to the most folkloristic calls of the mountain environment, one
must be a cultured architect, and Gellner with his works has certainly proven to be
one. In the “Casa Menardi”, his first project, built in Cortina d’Ampezzo in 1947, he
proves to be an attentive connoisseur of the valley’s traditional architecture, by defining
the way in which the building relates to the land and to the landscape. Later,
with the “Palazzo Poste/Telve”, built for the 1956 Winter Olympics, Gellner renewed
the tradition of old local houses by instilling them with the language of modernity.
To further understand why we should consider Gellner a milestone in the history
of alpine architecture, we need to look very closely at “Ca’ del Cembro”, his home
and studio, built in Cortina d’Ampezzo in 1951. Inside his home, Gellner seems to
be willing to transfer and inculcate all his past experience, his studies on rural architecture
and his wish to invent a new alpine architecture. This building becomes
the prototype from which he will then develop all of his architecture: the concept of
continuous space, the relationship between interior and exterior, the mixture of traditional and modern materials, the concept of integrated furniture generating all the surrounding space. All these experiences will lead the architect, a few years later,
to develop the project of the “Villaggio di Borca di Cadore” in which he will be able
to realize a work of “total architecture” with the creation of a new inhabited and animated
landscape, made of architecture and living spaces."