bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comorbidity of hypertension and chronic venous disease in men
Authors: Baev V. M. , Vagapov T. F. , Shmeleva S. A.
Published: April 2020

Aim. To study the clinical manifestations and characteristics of lower extremity chronic venous disorders (CVD) in working-age men with hypertension (HTN).

Material and methods. The study included 74 men with HTN at the age of 30-50 years and 41 men without HTN. HTN duration and regularity of antihypertensive medication intake were studied. We analyzed complaints and objective signs associated with CVD, their severity, structural and functional parameters of superficial, deep and perforator veins of the lower extremities using the triplex ultrasound. The prevalence and severity of cardiovascular risk factors among patients with HTN and CVD and patients with HTN and without CVD were analyzed.

Results. Men aged 30-50 with HTN showed a high prevalence of complaints (68%) associated with CVD: evening heaviness and fullness in the legs; pain decrease at rest; a combination of pain, spasm and swelling in long-time standing. Objective signs of CVD were recorded in 83,8% of men with HTN (most often — telangiectasia (38%) and swelling (24%)). Men with HTN were diagnosed with more severe manifestations of CVD than men without HTN. In patients with HTN, episodic pain and evening perimalleolar swelling were 1,8 and 4 times more likely, respectively, than in men without HTN. The presence of CVD and HTN was not associated with cardiovascular risk factors. HTN in men was characterized by a large-diameter veins, pathological reflux, vein tortuosity, the presence of thrombotic masses and postthrombotic lesions. In patients with HTN, along with an increased blood flow velocity in the deep and perforator veins of the lower leg, a low velocity in the deep femoral veins was observed. This is the evidence of venous insufficiency even at rest. Orthostasis in men with HTN increased the frequency of reflux in superficial veins by 2-4 times, which proves latent venous insufficiency.

Conclusion. HTN is characterized by an increase in the frequency and severity of symptoms and signs of CVD, which indicates their comorbidity.
Atrial fibrillation and CHA2DS2VASc score of 1 - is there a problem in clinical practice?
Authors: Baranova E. I. , Pavlova V. A. , Ionin V. A. , Petrischeva E. Yu. , Bliznuk O. I. , Zaslavskaya E. L. , Ma I. , Skuridin D. S. , Shlakhto E. V.
Published: April 2020

Aim. To study the incidence of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with a CHA2DS2VASc score of 1 in actual clinical practice, to determine the major and minor risk factors of thromboembolism and the frequency of oral anticoagulant therapy in these patients.

Material and methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of 6575 medical records of patients hospitalized for five years in a therapeutic inpatient unit. To determine the stroke risk, major and minor modifying factors were assessed.

Results. Of 1160 patients with nonvalvular AF, 93 (8,0%) patients had a CHA2DS2VASc score of 1: hypertension (87,1%), heart failure (4,3%), vascular diseases (4,3%), diabetes (2,15%) and age 65-74 years (2,2%); minor modifying factors were as follows: left atrial (LA) dilatation (81,7%), obesity (40,9%), persistent/permanent AF (37,6%), proteinuria (26,9%), chronic kidney disease (3,2%). A combination of minor risk factors was observed in 61,3%, the most common of which were obesity, LA dilatation, persistent/permanent AF. Anticoagulants were prescribed to 72% of patients with a CHA2DS2VASc score of 1.

Conclusion. In actual clinical practice, patients with nonvalvular AF with a CHA2DS2VASc score of 1 are often found. The most common risk factors for stroke in these patients are hypertension, persistent or permanent AF, LA dilatation, and obesity. The use of anticoagulant therapy in these patients does not contradict current guidelines. However, further prospective follow-up is necessary to determine the effectiveness and safety of this therapy.
Modern antihypertensive therapy: the effectiveness of a unique Russian fixed-dose combination of ramipril and indapamide
Authors: Konradi A. O. , Nedogoda S. V. , Nedoshivin A. O. , Ratova L. G. , Libis R. A. , Arutyunov G. P. , Borovkova N. Yu. , Galyavich A. S. , Grinshteyn Yu. I. , Duplyakov D. V. , Kashtalap V. V. , Lopatin Yu. M. , Lyamina N. P. , Malchikova S. V. , Mikhin V. P. , Nechaeva G. I. , Ostroumova O. D. , Ripp T. M. , Chumakova G. A. , Shaposhnik I. I. , Yakusevich V. V.
Published: April 2020

Experts consensus of the Russian Cardiology Society (RSC)
¿Por qué los Adventistas del Séptimo Día están adoptando los estilos de vida seculares?
Authors: Canale Fernando
Published: April 2020

¿Por qué los adventistas del séptimo día están adoptando los estilos devida seculares? – Este es el primer artículo de una serie de tres en el queel autor se propone discutir la relación entre el estilo de vida adventista yla experiencia de la salvación, mostrando las implicaciones de este temapara el ministerio pastoral. En este primer artículo se analizan las causasde la secularización del estilo de vida adventista. Entre estas causas se destacanla cultura posmoderna, la influencia de la concepción protestante dela salvación que reduce la salvación a la justificación y el esquema de pensamientopráctico del ministerio adventista que ha facilitado la adopciónde la interpretación protestante de la justificación por la fe y la protestantizaciónde la teología, el ministerio y el estilo de vida adventista. El autoridentifica a la predicación de la perspectiva de Lutero sobre la justificaciónpor la fe, edificada sobre presuposiciones hermenéuticas extraídas de latradición filosófica griega y neoplatónica, como el factor más importanteque conduce a la secularización del estilo de vida adventista.
Estilo de vida y Salvación
Authors: Canale Fernando
Published: April 2020

“Estilo de vida y salvación” – Éste es el segundo artículo de una serie detres en el que el autor se propone discutir la relación entre el estilo de vidaadventista y la experiencia de la salvación, mostrando las implicaciones deeste tema para el ministerio pastoral. En este segundo artículo se estudianlos fundamentos bíblicos de la relación entre estilo de vida y salvación, apartir del análisis de pasajes escogidos de Cristo y Pablo. Una lectura integradade los mismos a partir de los presupuestos hermenéuticos bíblicos,y no a partir de los presupuestos neoplatónicos subyacentes a la teologíaprotestante, demuestra que el estilo de vida pertenece a la experiencia dela salvación y no puede reducirse a la justificación. La experiencia de lasalvación comprende entonces la respuesta de fe a la revelación de Diosen su Palabra y la permanencia en ella, el discipulado, la santificación y lajustificación que incluye la liberación de los pecados pasados. El estilo devida cristiano no es solamente un fruto de la salvación sino un componenteesencial de la experiencia misma de la salvación.
Del manuscrito al aula: cómo la traducción bíblica ha afectado a la filosofía de la Educación Adventista
Authors: Armenteros Víctor
Published: April 2020

“Del manuscrito al aula: cómo la traducción bíblica ha afectado a la filosofíade la educación adventista” – El autor efectúa una reflexión sobreel proceso de traducción de la Biblia en castellano y la forma en que elmismo ha afectado al sistema educativo y a la cosmovisión adventistas. Elimpacto de las versiones sobre el sistema educativo es explorado a travésde cinco períodos: el tiempo de los pioneros adventistas, la premodernidad,la modernidad, el posmaterialismo y la posmodernidad. Para ello seseleccionan cuatro textos bíblicos (Proverbios 9:7 y 23:13; Romanos 15:14 yHebreos 12:10), que ilustran la influencia de las versiones en el quehacereducacional.
El motivo de la creación en la literatura profética veterotestamentaria: un estudio intertextual
Authors: Klingbeil Martin
Published: April 2020

“El tema de la creación en la literatura profética veterotestamentaria: un estudio intertextual” ― La creación es un tema muy prominente en la literatura profética del Antiguo Testamento. Pese a que la erudición bíblica a menudo ha descuidado e incluso ha buscado relegarla a un nivel más bien secundario de subtítulo dentro de las secciones de la soteriología, pacto, Trinidad o cualquier otra sección de importancia, la creación mantiene su estatus destacado en la literatura bíblica incluyendo los profetas veterotestamentarios. El autor tras establecer un patrón cronológico adecuado, demuestra que en todos los libros proféticos existen indicadores intertextuales explícitos e implícitos que señalan a la creación en los profetas, indicando que todos ellos vieron a la creación como un hecho literal e histórico, puesto que la referencia al relato de la creación la hacen indiscriminadamente tal como se presenta en Gén 1-2.
El Espíritu Santo en el Antiguo Testamento
Authors: Caesar Lael
Published: April 2020

Se puede hablar de una relación poco clara entre la presencia y la operación del Espíritu Santo en el Antiguo Testamento y las referencias explícitas al mismo, ya que la frase “Espíritu Santo” no aparece más de tres veces en todo el texto veterotestamentario (Sal 51:11; Isa 63:10, 11). Sin embargo, unos 27 casos de la frase constructa rûah Yhwh , y otros 16 de la frase gemela rûah ‘elohim nos permiten una investigación más abarcante sobre la personalidad y las actividades de la tercera persona de la Deidad en épocas que preceden a la llegada, la pasión, el ascenso de Jesucristo y el derramamiento del Espíritu en ocasión de su entronización.
Hector M. Patmore, Adam, Satan, and the King of Tyre. The Interpretation of Ezekiel 28:11-19 in the Late Antiquity. Jewish and Christian Perspectives 20
Authors: Alomía Merling
Published: April 2020

Recensiones
Tesis defendidas
Authors: Asmat Chávez David
Published: April 2020

El estudio inductivo-exhaustivo de la forma en la que Pablo y Santiago utilizan a Génesis 15:6 en el Nuevo Testamento confirma la hipótesis de que dicho uso es fundamentalmente teológico y no exegético. El texto bíblico es interpretado y conectado teológicamente con otros pasajes con la intención de elaborar formulaciones o síntesis teológicas que permitan a su vez evaluar e interpretar las dificultades teológicas existentes entre los destinatarios de las epístolas de Pablo y Santiago. Desde el punto de vista hermenéutico, este uso teológico constituye un modelo para el intérprete contemporáneo, no en cuanto a la forma de hacer exégesis sino en cuanto a la forma de interpretar y utilizar teoló- gicamente un pasaje, como parte de una formulación o síntesis teológica que a su vez sirva de base para la interpretación y evaluación de las realidades concretas que el intérprete enfrenta en la actualidad.
El concepto de lo malo en la teodicea del Cronista
Authors: Azevedo Joaquim
Published: April 2020

“El concepto de lo malo en la teodicea del Cronista”—Este artículo presenta el concepto de lo malo en la teodiceadel Cronista. Según el Cronista Dios no es el originadordel mal, a pesar de que el mal coexiste, con laexistencia de Dios en este mundo. Este tema es desarrolladocuidadosamente en la narración de Crónicas, especialmentecon relación a la evaluación de los reyes deJudá con respecto a su compromiso para con el temploy sus instituciones. Uno puede decir que la teodicea delCronista describe el carácter de Dios como benevolente,aunque existe el mal, absolviendo así a Dios comoel responsable del origen del mal.
Una visión de lo venidero: breve estudio de Apocalipsis 22:1-5
Authors: Sánchez-Moreno Josehp
Published: April 2020

“Una visión de lo venidero: breve estudio de Apocalipsis 22:1-5” — Este estudio aborda los primeros cinco versículos del último capítulo de Apocalipsis buscando una vislumbre real de la cosas venideras allí descritas. Motivos como “la Nueva Jerusalén”, “el trono de Dios”, “el ambiente celestial”, “el árbol de la vida” y el “servicio que los redimidos” brindarán a Dios con alegría, son algunos de los asuntos mencionados por Juan. Se concluye que quienes esperen disfrutar las cosas venideras descritas por el autor del Apocalipsis, deben primero aprender a vivirlas ahora, como parte de su diario vivir y comunión con Dios. Solo así podrán tener el gozo de vivir por y para Dios en la eternidad.
La nueva antropología y el cambio de paradigma en teología
Authors: Blanco Marcos
Published: April 2020

“La nueva antropología y el cambio de paradigma en teología”– La helenización del cristianismo ha estado oscureciendo la comprensión bí- blica de Dios y el hombre. A comienzos del siglo XX, la teología comenzó a abandonar las presuposiciones filosóficas griegas que habían sustentado su sistema doctrinal durante siglos. ¿Qué impacto generó este proceso? ¿Siguió desarrollándose o terminó en meras buenas intenciones? Este artículo presenta un bosquejo histórico del proceso de deshelenización en ciertos sectores de la teología protestante, describiendo de qué manera este proceso desafió el concepto atemporal de Dios y cómo impactó en la comprensión de la naturaleza humana. Además, este estudio intenta demostrar que este cambio de paradigma representa para la Iglesia Adventista una gran oportunidad de presentar su sistema doctrinal.
Interpretación bíblica en el mundo posmoderno: desafíos, peligros y conflictos en la hermenéutica adventista actual
Authors: Rojas Benjamín
Published: April 2020

“Interpretación bíblica en el mundo posmoderno: desafíos, peligros y conflictos en la hermenéutica adventista actual” El estudio aborda una problemática compleja, actual y polémica, que está directamente relacionada con el quehacer hermenéutico en el seno de la Iglesia Adventista del Séptimo Día. La llegada de la modernidad y también de la posmodernidad trajeron innovaciones filosóficas que han influenciado todo quehacer humano, entre ellas, la interpretación de la Biblia. En la primera parte, el autor expone, apoyado en diversos autores, la realidad axiomática y la metodología sobre la cual se desarrolla el quehacer hermenéutico entre los más importantes círculos bíblico-académicos. En la segunda parte, se presenta los desafíos, peligros y conflictos en la hermenéutica bíblica adventista, basándose en documentos escritos por autores adventistas. Finalmente, se expone propuestas que podrían ayudar a solucionar la problemática hermenéutica dentro de la Iglesia Adventista del Séptimo Día, manteniéndola como una iglesia fundamentada en una filosofía bíblica y no en la filosofía del momento.
El ritual de purificación-eliminación: similitudes y diferencias entre los rituales Hebreo e Hitita
Authors: Asmat Chávez David
Published: April 2020

“El ritual de purificación-eliminación: similitudes y diferencias entre los rituales hebreo e hitita” — La presente investigación analiza las similitudes y el contraste entre las prácticas rituales de purificación-eliminación entre la cultura hebrea e hitita. Sabido es que en el culto hebreo, el concepto de purificación-eliminación  es mostrado en forma prominente como parte del ritual del Yom Kipppur  (Día de la Expiación) y a través del macho cabrío para Azazel (Lev 16:8, 10, 26), en tanto que entre los hititas, el ritual de mayor paralelo señalado es con el ritual de Puliša (ritual por la plaga). El artículo examina la propuesta que supone que el ritual hebreo se haya originado en el hitita haciendo una evaluación detallada de cada uno de los participantes, elementos y funciones rituales, buscando identificar el rol específico de cada elementov
Origen, significado y función del “Don de Profecía” en la Biblia
Authors: Stefanoviç Ranko
Published: April 2020

“Origen, significado y función del ‘don de profecía’ en la Biblia” — La declaración: “Si hay profeta en medio de ti, yo mismo, el Señor, me daré a conocer a él en una visión. Hablaré con él en un sueño” (Núm 12:6) indica que el ministerio profético no se limitaría solamente a Moisés, sino que iba a ser seguido por los profetas después de él. Esto es lo que Moisés hizo muy claro para el pueblo de Israel en su último discurso: “El Señor tu Dios levantará un profeta como yo de entre vosotros, de tus hermanos; escucharéis a él” (Deu 18:15). Aunque esta profecía se cumplió parcialmente con Josué el sucesor de Moisés, y en última instancia con Jesús el Mesías (ver Hechos 3:22; 7:37), se refería claramente a partir de entonces a la sucesión del ministerio profético (cf. vv. 16-22). El resto de la Biblia muestra con claridad la veracidad de esto tanto en el resto del Antiguo Testamento como en el Nuevo Testamento. Pero este útimo establece que el don continuaría vigente en la iglesia del tiempo del fin ya que el Espíritu Santo nunca dejó su ministerio dando a su vez a la iglesia todos los dones que prometió para su edificación.
De la Iglesia al Estado: la influencia de Ockham en la metamorfosis de la autoridad y del poder
Authors: Aranda Fernando
Published: April 2020

De la Iglesia al Estado: la influencia de Ockham en la metamorfosis de la autoridad y del poder—Se analizan las causas, dentro de la cultura eclesiástica de postrimerías de la Edad Media, de la escisión de poderes: celestial y terrenal, que hasta entonces existían unificados y bajo autoridad de la Iglesia. Hasta comienzos del S. XIV, la Iglesia tenía potestad en ambas esferas de la vida de los fieles, dominaba tanto en el ámbito espiritual como en el civil. Pero los creyentes, además de tener vida espiritual, también están dotados de vida social, civil y política. Esta noción dicotómica del poder eclesiástico y civil tiene su desenlace manifiesto, ya en pleno siglo XIV, en la separación entre las esferas diferenciadas de la Iglesia y el Estado, movimiento que fuera iniciado mayormente a través de los escritos sistemáticos del teólogo y filósofo franciscano inglés William of Ockham. Su pensamiento revolucionó diversos ámbitos del conocimiento, como así también de las prácticas que contrajo implicadas, incidiendo marcadamente en la Modernidad.
La doctrina de la justificación por la fe - Parte I: ¿En las huellas de los reformadores?
Authors: Davidson Richard M.
Published: April 2020

El presente estudio es el primero de una serie de tres artículos donde se estudia el asunto de la justificación por la fe con énfasis en la perspectiva veterotestamentaria. En esta primera parte se revisa de manera panorámica el debate sobre la justificación en el contexto de las distintas perspectivas teológicas cristianas desde tiempos de la Reforma hasta la actualidad. A partir de la segunda parte, en el siguiente artículo, el estudio se focaliza en la perspectiva veterotestamentaria. Por último, el estudio concluye estableciendo una serie de implicancias que tiene la discusión de este tema en el Antiguo Testamento para la comprensión de la doctrina de la justificación.
La doctrina de Dios en Lutero, Calvino y Arminio - Parte I: Rechazo y aceptación de las presuposiciones escolásticas
Authors: Blanco Marcos
Published: April 2020

La ruptura de Lutero, Calvino y Arminio con doctrinas de la teología clásica tales como la justificación por las obras y una eclesiología clerical es innegable. Sin embargo, es importante preguntarse si esta reforma incluyó la doctrina de Dios, dada su centralidad para todo el sistema teológico. Este artículo es el primer de una serie de tres artículos cuyo objetivo es comparar la metodología y las presuposiciones hermenéuticas de Lutero, Calvino y Arminio con las del teísmo clásico (teología católico escolástica) para determinar si ellos se apartaron de la metodología de la sola Scriptura para elaborar la doctrina de Dios, siguiendo la metodología de múltiples fuentes de la teología clásica.
Potansiyel doksorubisin taşıyıcı sistemi olarak PEG-endozom parçalayıcı peptit konjugatının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ŞEN Selin , TOP Ayben
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışmada, PEG ile konjuge edilmiş TAT türevi peptit (G2RQR3QR3G2S)
bazlı doksorubisin (DOX) taşıyıcı sisteminin geliştirilmesi ve taşıyıcı
sistemin ilaç salım, kendiliğinden düzenlenme ve stabilite özelliklerinin
incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. mPEG-peptit-oksim-DOX olarak isimlendirilen ilaç taşıyıcı
sisteminin hazırlanmasında moleküler ağırlığı 1900 Da olan metoksipolietilen
glikol (mPEG) kullanılmıştır ve DOX, taşıyıcı moleküllere asit parçalanabilir
oksim bağı ile bağlanmıştır. Peptidin, taşıyıcı sistemin fizikokimyasal ve DOX
salım özelliklerine etkisini değerlendirmek için peptit içermeyen kontrol ilaç
taşıyıcı sistemi de (mPEG-oksim-DOX) sentezlenmiştir. mPEG-oksim-DOX, 54 h
sonunda pH 5,0 ve pH 7,4’te sırasıyla yaklaşık % 68 ve % 28 DOX salımı ile pH
programlı bir DOX salımı sergilemiştir. Diğer taraftan, mPEG-peptit-oksim-DOX için
her iki pH değerinde de oldukça düşük DOX salımı (% ~10-15) elde edilmiştir.  Bu davranışın nedeni DOX ile peptit
arasındaki muhtemel etkileşimler olarak öngörülmüştür. mPEG-oksim-DOX’in başlangıçtaki
medyan boyut değeri (D50) pH’tan bağımsız, ~24 nm olarak
ölçülmüştür. Buna karşın, mPEG-peptit-oksim-DOX için, peptit dizinindeki
arjininler arasındaki itme kuvvetleri nedeniyle, oldukça düşük D50 değerleri
(pH 5,0 ve pH 7,4 için sırasıyla ~3 nm and ~6 nm) elde edilmiştir. Her iki ilaç
taşıyıcı sisteminin  boyutları  fizyolojik koşullarda 1 gün boyunca inkübasyon
sonunda artma eğilimi göstermiş ve mPEG-peptit-oksim-DOX ve mPEG-oksim-DOX
sistemlerinin stabilitesini artırmak için daha uzun PEG zincirlerinin
kulllanılmasının gerekli olduğu öngörülmüştür.
SARS-CoV-2 Enrichment Sequencing by Spiked Primer MSSPE method v3
Authors: E. Manning Jessica , Bohl Jennifer , Lay Sreyngim , Chea Sophana , Ahyong Vida , Karlsson Erik
Published: April 2020

This protocol was used to enrich for SARS-CoV2 sequencing reads from a confirmed COVID-19 swab sample and attain the full genome using an iSeq100. By using a spiked primer approach with 73 primers spanning the entire SARS-CoV2 genome, we were able to get an average of 15x genome coverage on an iSeq100 with 1.8 million paired end-reads. Here we overview all the steps, from sample extraction, library preparation with a spiked primer enrichment step, and sequencing on an iSeq100. The collaborative effort involved the Manning Lab, NIAID in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Institut Pasteur Cambodge, Cambodia Ministry of Health, the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, and the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative. This approach was developed based on the work from Deng et al, Nature Microbiology, January 13, 2020. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-019-0637-9
Slide Preparation for Mounting Samples for TissueCyte 1000 Sectioning and Imaging v3
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: April 2020

This protocol describes the preparation of 1x3 glass slides for mounting embedded mouse brain samples for subsequent imaging and sectioning on TissueCyte 1000. Note: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U19MH114830. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
cDNA Synthesis v3
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: April 2020

This protocol describes the synthesis of first-strand cDNA from total RNA using the Invitrogen SuperScript III Reverse Transcriptase system. Note: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U19MH114830. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Mouse Cardiac Perfusion Fixation and Brain Collection v2
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: April 2020

This protocol describes the procedures for intracardiac perfusion fixation of postnatal mice, including anesthesia, exsanguination, fixation, brain removal and post-fixation storage. Note: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U19MH114830. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Tissue Quality Evaluation for Brain Perfusion/Dissection Specimens v2
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: April 2020

This protocol provides guidance in the assessment of quality of tissues post perfusion and dissection and applies to all such procedures. Perfusion and dissection quality will be categorized on the following scale: perfect, good, fair, and poor. This SOP also presents written descriptions, and images, of specific category attributes. Note: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U19MH114830. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Q5® Site-Directed Mutagenesis (E0554) v1
Authors: England Biolabs New
Published: April 2020

This is the protocol for the Q5® Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit (E0554)
Root nitrate influx. v1
Authors: Bendre Prajakta , Melino Vanessa
Published: April 2020

Growing plants hydroponically is a costing space and changing nutrient solutions on required time is a tedious task. The protocol described here is for nitrogen influx analysis of roots using N label. Preparing a labeled solution is not described here; however, the process for nitrogen influx is constructed well to understand the design of the experiment. After the treatment, the shoots and roots can be seperated and dried in an oven for further analysis.
Protective behavior of adolescents with acquired orthopedic diseases in the conditions of rehabilitation treatment
Authors: Pyatakova Galina V. , Kozhevnikova Anastasia O. , Kudryavtseva Svetlana V.
Published: April 2020

Background. Teenagers with orthopedic diseases are in a difficult life situation, accompanied by experiences of an extraordinary level. Adaptation mechanisms play an important role in overcoming emotional difficulties. An important component of the adaptation process is psychological defense mechanisms. The article discusses the structure and effectiveness of the protective disposition of personality in adolescents suffering from various forms of acquired orthopedic diseases.
Aim. This study aimed to determine the structure and effectiveness of the protective disposition of personality in adolescents suffering from various forms of acquired orthopedic diseases.
Materials and methods. The study involved adolescents suffering from acquired orthopedic diseases: juvenile chronic arthritis, idiopathic scoliosis, and adolescents with long-term consequences of physical trauma on the basis of voluntary informed consent. All teenagers received treatment in the childrens orthopedic clinic. The study involved 139 adolescents with acquired orthopedic diseases and 36 healthy adolescents aged 1217 years. Clinical psychological and psychodiagnostic methods were used to survey the respondents.
Results. The general and specific features of the protective system of personality in adolescents with various forms of orthopedic diseases and their healthy peers were revealed. The role of mechanisms of psychological protection in the development of post-traumatic symptoms in adolescents with various forms of acquired orthopedic diseases in the situation of rehabilitation treatment is revealed.
Conclusions. Taking into account the features of the protective disposition of the personality of adolescents with orthopedic diseases allows a differentiated approach to psychological correction at the stages of rehabilitation treatment, to develop individual approaches to providing psychological assistance in a hospital.
Pathological fractures of the spine in children (review of the literature and clinical and morphological monocenter cohort analysis)
Authors: Zorin Vyacheslav I. , Mushkin Alexander Yu. , Novitskaya Tatyana A.
Published: April 2020

Background. Pathological vertebral fractures are rare and occur in inflammatory, tumor, and dystrophic lesions.
Aim. This study aimed to analyze clinical features and morphological structure of pathological fractures of the spine in children.
Materials and methods. The authors examined and operated 62 children aged 217 years for pathological vertebral fractures. We investigated the clinical, radiological, and morphological features.
Results. The average age of children at the time of hospitalization was 10 years. Lesions of thoracic vertebrae prevailed (78%) with the maximum frequency of occurrence at the apex of physiological kyphosis Th78. In 10 cases, multiple lesions were noted, including the pathology of other parts of the skeleton. In 69% of observations, clinical symptoms were not dominated by mechanical back pain. Palpation pain (34%) and local spinal deformation (27%) were noted. On average, local kyphosis was 24. Eleven patients (18%) manifested a neurological deficiency, of which nine fractures were a consequence of the tumor process. In 16% of observations, the fracture of the vertebra was detected to be an accidental Х-ray finding. Among the radiation manifestations, all cases (12 patients) registered the decrease in the height of the vertebral body in the form of collapse. Destruction was manifested by various options other than blastic. Therapeutic and diagnostic interventions were performed in 56 patients, and in six children, manipulation was limited to trepan biopsy. The pathological fracture was caused by an inflammatory process in 50% of observations and tumors in 42%, of which 31% is malignant.
Conclusions. Pathological spinal fracture in children should be considered as a syndrome, which in most cases is based on an inflammatory or tumor process. The high frequency of neoplastic, including malignant processes, requires active invasive diagnosis. Therapeutic tactics are determined by the clinical, radiation, and morphological characteristics of pathology.
İZLEYİCİ ALGISI BİLEŞENLERİNİN REKLAMA YÖNELİK TUTUM VE SATIN ALMA NİYETİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ
Authors: Ayar Bahadır , Taşer Seval , Erdil Tayyip
Published: April 2020

Günümüzde artan rekabet ortamı ve
tüketiciye sunulan çeşitliliğin fazla olması, işletmelerin rakiplere kıyasla
fark edilebilir ve tercih edilebilir olma isteğini arttırmıştır. Bu rekabetçi
ortamda işletmelerin tüketiciye ulaşabilmek ve kendilerini anlatabilmek için
kullanabilecekleri en önemli araçlardan bir tanesi ise reklamlardır. Reklamın
bu denli önemli olduğu bir dönemde reklamın izleyici tarafından nasıl
algılandığı ve satın alma niyetini nasıl etkilediği önemli bir soru işareti
olarak belirmektedir. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışmada beyaz eşya sektöründe reklamda
izleyici algısı bileşenlerinin reklama yönelik tutum ve satın alma niyeti
üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Tüketicilerden online anket yöntemi ile veri
toplanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre izleyici tarafından bilgilendirici ve
eğlendirici olarak algılanan reklamların reklama yönelik tutum üzerinde etkisi
vardır. Bunun yanında bilgilendirici olarak algılanan reklamların satın alma
niyeti üzerinde olumlu bir etkisi söz konusudur. Ayrıca reklama yönelik tutumun
satın alma niyeti üzerinde olumlu etkisi olduğu da tespit edilmiştir.
NÜFUS ARTIŞI İLE KALKINMA ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: SAHRA-ALTI AFRİKA ÜLKELERİ ÜZERİNE AMPİRİK BİR ANALİZ
Authors: EREN Mehmet Vahit
Published: April 2020

Günümüzde dünya nüfusu hızlı bir şekilde artmaktadır. Bu artış,
bireylerin hayat standartlarını olumsuz etkileyeceği sonucunu oluşturmaktadır. Nüfusun
ihtiyaçlarını karşılayacak düzeyde kaynakların artırılamaması, ülkelerin refah
düzeyini düşürmektedir. Gelişmişlik düzeyi düşük olan toplumların çözmesi
gereken sorunların başında nüfus artışı gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Sahra-altı
Afrika ülkelerinde nüfus artışı ile kalkınma arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması
amaçlanmaktadır. Panel veri analizi yöntemi ile yapılan bu ampirik araştırma
için 1990-2017 dönemi verileri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgulara
göre, nüfus artışı ile kalkınma arasında çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu
tespit edilmiştir. Sahra-altı Afrika ülkelerinde kalkınma için nüfus artışı
önemli olduğu gibi nüfus artışı için de kalkınma önemlidir. Politika
uygulayıcılar, kalkınma politikalarında nüfus politikalarına da yer vermelidir.
ARAŞTIRMA GELİŞTİRME HARCAMALARININ YÜKSEK TEKNOLOJİLİ ÜRÜN İHRACATINA ETKİSİ: OECD ÜLKELERİ ÜZERİNE BİR PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ
Authors: OĞUZ Suzan , SÖKMEN Ahmet Gökhan
Published: April 2020

Günümüzde gelişen ve değişen ekonomik koşullar, ülkelerin sürdürülebilir bir büyüme sağlamak, rekabet gücü kazanmak ve tüketici tercihlerinde oluşabilecek değişimleri tespit etmek için yenilikçi olmalarını ve teknolojik gelişmeleri yakından takip etmelerini gerektirmektedir. Teknolojik gelişmelerin nedeni olarak gösterilen Araştırma ve Geliştirme (Ar-Ge), bilgi ve teknolojiye bağlı olarak yeni ürün ve üretim süreçlerinin geliştirilmesi olarak tanımlanmaktadır.
Bu çalışmada, 1996-2016 dönemi yıllık verileri kullanılarak 31 OECD ülkesi için, Ar-Ge harcamalarının yüksek teknolojili ürün ihracatı üzerindeki etkisi, panel veri analizi yöntemi ile araştırılmıştır. Panel veri analizi için gerekli olan testler “Driscoll ve Kraay Standart Hatalar ile Sabit etkiler Modeli” kullanılması gerektiğini göstermiştir. Ampirik bulgular, OECD ülkeleri için Ar-Ge harcamaları ve yüksek teknolojili ürün ihracatı arasında pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir.
COVID-19: an Indian perspective
Authors: Kadambi Prahlad
Published: April 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is currently spreading globally rapidly. The World Health Organization (WHO) named the virus as the 2019 novel corona virus (2019-nCoV) on January 7, 2020. On February 11th 2020, the illness associated was named as 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Subsequently, the WHO declared COVID-19 as a pandemic on 11 March 2020. The first case of COVID-19 was reported in India on 30 January 2020 in Thrissur, Kerala. This was the index case in India who tested positive after coming for a vacation. This individual was a student of the University of Wuhan. Subsequent cases were reported in Kerala. Subsequently, the number of cases in India increased to 519 as on 24th March 2020 with mortality in 7 patients as on 22nd March 2020 and 10 patients on 24th March 2020.
Effect of Electrodeposition Parameters on the Composition and Surface Topography of Nanostructured Coatings by Tungsten with Iron and Cobalt
Authors: Yar-Mukhamedova G. , Ved’ M. , Yermolenko I. , Sakhnenko N. , Karakurkchi A. , Kemelzhanova A.
Published: April 2020

The electrodeposition of binary and ternary coatings Fe-W and Fe-Co-W from mono ligand citrate electrolyte has been investigated. The Fe-Co-W coatings were formed from electrolytes, which composition differs in the ratio of the concentrations of the alloying components and the ligand content. The investigation results indicate a competitive reduction of iron, cobalt and tungsten, the nature of which depends both on the ratio of electrolyte components, and electrolysis parameters. The effect of both current density amplitude and pulse on off time on quality, composition and surface morphology of the galvanic alloys was determined. Coatings deposited on a direct current with a density of more than 6.5 A/dm2, crack and peel off from the substrate due to the inclusion of Fe (III) compounds containing hydroxide anions. The use of non-stationary electrolysis allows us to extend the working range of current density to 8.0 A/dm2 and form electrolytic coatings of sufficient quality with significant current efficiency and the content of the refractory component. The presence of the Co7W6, Fe7W6, α-Fe, and Fe3C phases detected in the Fe-Co-W deposits reflects the competition between the alloying metals reducing from hetero-nuclear complexes. The surface of binary and ternary coatings is characterized by the presence of spherical agglomerates and is more developed in comparison with steel substrate. The parameters Ra and Rq for electrolytic alloy Fe-W are of 0.1, for Fe-Co-W are 0.3, which exceeds the performance of a polished steel substrate (Ra = 0.007 and Rq = 0.010). These properties prospect such alloys as a multifunctional layer are associated with structural features, surface morphology, and phase composition.
Prevalence and Serotype Determination of Streptococcus agalactiae Isolated From Non-Pregnant Women in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Goudarzi Leila , Khalili Mohammad Bagher , Vakili Mahmood , Sadeh Maryam
Published: April 2020

Consequence of Streptococcus agalactiae, Group B Streptococcus (GBS) relating infant’s diseases are well documented. Although many women carry this bacterium in their vagina, they may transfer to their infant during delivery and may result in different neonatal invasive diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of GBS and serotyping the isolated species among un-selective non-pregnant women who attended two gynecology clinics in Tehran. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 560 vaginal samples collected from non-pregnant women. Following inoculation of the specimen on Blood Agar, the standard technology was applied for the final identification of GBS. Detected GBS species were further confirmed using specific PCR directed on dlts gene. Capsular serotyping was done by using the multiplex PCR method. The chi-square method was used for statistical analysis. Fifty (8.9%) out of 560 non-pregnant women were carriers of GBS. The most common types were III (36%), followed by type II (32%), Ia (26%), and Ib (6%), respectively. Results represent that the prevalence rate of GBS in non-pregnant women was reliable and similar to what obtained from pregnant women. In addition, the serotype III was found the most dominant types, as well as other investigations in the Tehran area. Therefore, vaccine designation based on type III is recommended.
Comparing the Suicidal Ideation in Diabetic Patients Receiving Insulin with Oral Medication
Authors: Ahmad Nazari Mahboube , Oliaee Hamid , Bidaki Reza , Sorbi Mohammad Hossein
Published: April 2020

Objective: Diabetes is one of the chronic diseases which can be accompanied with suicide. The study was conducted to assess and compare the prevalence of suicidal ideation in diabetic patients receiving insulin and oralmedication treatment. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 2000 patients with diabetes supported by diabetes institute of Rafsanjan in 2017. After giving conscious permission, the patients filled in a demographic checklist and Beck suicidal ideation questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS-16. Results: Prevalence of suicidal ideation in patients with diabetes receiving insulin was 3.2% (n=32) and in people receivingoral medication treatment was 3.1% (n=31). There were no association between suicidal ideation and the method of diabetes treatment. Suicidal ideation was more prevalent in illiterate people; however, no significant relationship was seen between suicidal ideation and education level. Also, there was no significant relationship between marital status and suicidal ideation. There was no relationship between suicidal thoughts and the method of treatment ( P -value: 0.05). Conclusion: Suicidal ideation is more prevalent in diabetic patients, but there were not differences between two group under insulin therapy and oral anti-diabetic agents.
Maternal serum levels of C-reactive protein at early pregnancy to predict fetal growth restriction and preterm delivery: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Nikbakht Roshan , Karimi Moghadam Elham , Nasirkhani Zeinab
Published: April 2020

Background: A considerable evidence suggests that maternal inflammation dysregulation may play as a risk factor for both maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Objective: The study’s objectives were designed to evaluate the correlation between serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, as an inflammation factor, preterm delivery, and small for gestational age (SGA) births.
Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on 120 singleton pregnant women with gestational age less than 20 wk. Maternal CRP serum concentration was measured before 20 wk gestation. Patients were followed-up until the delivery and final outcomes of pregnancy were recorded in terms of preterm delivery and SGA births.
Results: Serum CRP levels in participants with normal fetuses and SGA births were 4.09 ± 1.35 mg/l and 6.04 ± 3.29 mg/l, respectively (p = 0.19), while in cases of preterm delivery, it was 9.63 ± 5.78 mg/l (p < 0.001). By using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, serum CRP levels (cut-off point 5.27 mg/l, area 0.836) had acceptable diagnostic accuracy value in distinguishing preterm delivery (sensitivity (75%), specificity (86.1%), positive predictive value (37.5%), negative predictive value (96.87%), accuracy (85%)) and serum CRP levels (cut-off point 6.67 mg/l, area 0.673) in distinguishing SGA births (sensitivity (50%), specificity (91.2%), positive predictive value (23.07%), and negative predictive value (97.19%), and accuracy (89.16 %)).
Conclusion: Higher maternal serum CRP levels measured early in pregnancy may associate with higher risk of preterm delivery and SGA.
Key words: C-reactive protein, Small for gestational age, Preterm birth.
Correlation of anti-Müllerian hormone levels with metabolic syndrome events in polycystic ovary syndrome: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Wiweko Budi , Koes Handayani Lieke , Kemal Harzif Achmad , Pratama Gita , Muharam Raden , Hestiantoro Andon , Sumapraja Kanadi
Published: April 2020

Background: Various endocrine disorders have been reported in women of reproductive age, 10% of which is affected by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels with the metabolic syndrome in patients with PCOS.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study employed a consecutive sampling method using medical records from January 2013 to December 2017 at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital polyclinic and Yasmin in vitro fertilization Clinic (Kencana), Jakarta, Indonesia. The primary outcome of the study was the AMH levels as independent variable correlated with metabolic syndrome. The secondary outcome was also the AMH levels correlated with each PCOS phenotype. The tertiary outcome was each PCOS phenotype as independent variable correlated with metabolic syndrome.
Results: Women with phenotype 1 of PCOS had a median AMH level of 13.92 (range: 3.88-34.06) ng/ml. 21% patients had metabolic syndrome, with a median AMH level 7.65 (3.77-20.20) ng/ml, higher than the women without metabolic syndrome (p = 0.38). The most frequent phenotype in women with PCOS was phenotype 4, oligo- or anovulation and polycystic ovary morphology (OA/PCOM) in 41.3%. The most frequent phenotype in women with metabolic syndrome was phenotype 1, OA + PCOM + hyperandrogenism in 56.5%.
Conclusion: All PCOS phenotypes exhibited significant correlations with the AMH level. Phenotype 1 (OA + PCOM + hyperandrogenism) was associated with the highest AMH level and was significantly associated with metabolic syndrome.
Key words: Anti-Müllerian hormone, Metabolic syndrome, Polycystic ovary syndrome.
Role of resilience training on compromising of infertile couples’ applicant for divorce: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alireza Afshani Seyed , Mohammad Reza Ghaem Mohammadi Seyed , Parisa Khani Parisa Khani , Khosravi Anahita
Published: April 2020

Background: Divorce is a social issue, which challenges not only the structure of family but also of a society. Studies have shown that infertility affects the marital boredom. In addition, resilience training and emphasizing on increasing piety (religiousness) can help to decrease this boredom.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the resilience training effects on the compromising of infertile couples’ applicant for divorce.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 100 infertile couples who had requested for divorce and referred to the Center for consolidation of the family foundation were enrolled. Participants were randomly divided in two categories (n= 50/each): the case group received some consultation classes on social services as well as resilience training by a consultant in 5 sessions lasting 2 hr. In total, 10 hr of treatment; while the control group just received the consultation and social services. Canner and Davidson questionnaires were utilized as pre- and posttest in both groups. Groups answered the resilience’s criterion of Canner and Davidson.
Results: The resilience training significantly increased the compromises made by couples in the case group compared to the control (p < 0.01). The results showed that 26% of members of the case group relinquished divorce, while 10% of control group members did the same; this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.01).
Conclusion: The resilience training leads to increased psychological well-being elements and compromises in infertile couples.
Key words: Resilience, Education, Infertility, Divorce.
Low dose bitter leaf improves sperm quality disrupted in immunosuppressed Wistar rats: An experimental study
Authors: Eniola Kadir Risikat , Ibrahim Abdulmumin , Abimbola Ibrahim Balkis , Musa Gwadabe Sadiya , Jaji-Sulaimon Rukayat , Foyeke Adigun Munirat , Oyetunji Oyewopo Adeoye
Published: April 2020

Background: Synthetic prednisolone (PRED) is a widely used over-the-counter glucocorticoid. Glucocorticoids have inhibitory effects on the immune system and are often used as immunosuppressive agents. Suppressed immunity may impact fertility via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Bitter leaf (BL) has been shown to improve sperm parameters, but its effects on immunosuppression-associated infertility have not yet been documented.
Objective: To determine the fertility effects of bitter leaf on immunosuppressed Wistar rats.
Materials and Methods: A total of 30 male adult Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 6 groups (n = 5/each). Group A served as a control and were given distilled water in addition to normal feeds, group B received 2 mg/kg PRED for 14 days and served as the standard immunosuppressed group, and groups C-F were immunosuppressed as in B but in addition received 50 mg/kg levamisole, low-dose (250 mg/kg) BL, highdose (375 mg/kg) BL, and low-dose BL + levamisole, respectively. The CD4 counts, hematological parameters, and sperm parameters were analyzed and compared.
Results: There were significant decreases in sperm motility, progressive motility, morphology, and life/death ratio in the animals given PRED only compared to the controls (p = 0.002, 0.001, 0.001, and 0.01, respectively). These were significantly increased in the treated groups, and animals given levamisole and 250 mg/kg BL showed significantly increased sperm counts compared to the controls (p = 0.04 and p = 0.04, respectively).
Conclusion: Low-dose BL (250 mg/kg) restored the sperm parameters altered by prednisolone administration.
Key words: Bitter leaf, Immunosuppression, Infertility, Prednisolone, Rats.