bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОБГРУНТУВАННЯ ДОЦІЛЬНОСТІ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ДЕКАМЕТОКСИНУ ПРИ АНТИБІОТИКО– ТА ФАГОРЕЗИСТЕНТНОСТІ ПСЕВДОМОНАДНОЇ ХІРУРГІЧНОЇ ІНФЕКЦІЇ
Authors: Paliy G. K. , Nazarchuk О. А. , Nagaychuk V. І. , Vovk І. М. , Nazarchuk G. G.
Published: November 2017

Вступ. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) є провідним збудником інфекційних ускладнень у пацієнтів комбустіологічних віддалень.
Мета. Обгрунтувати доцільність використання декаметоксину (ДМ) при резистентності P. aeruginosa до цефалоспоринів.
Матеріали і методи. Вивчено ефективність використання ДМ в подоланні резистентності P. aeruginosa до цефалоспоринів,псевдомонадного бактеріофагу на 50 клінічних штамах, виділених у постраждалих з опіками.
Результати. Встановлено, що штами P. aeruginosa, що спричиняли інфекційні ускладнення у постраждалих з опіками, мали виражену резистентність до цефтазидиму (у 80% спостережень), цефепіму (у 80%), цефоперазону/сульбактаму (у 68%). Визначено ефективну бактерицидну дію ДМ на 66% штамів P. aeruginosa , мінімальна бактерицидна концентрація (МБцК) становила у середньому (106,1 ± 5,6) мкг/мл.
Обговорення. Чутливість P. aeruginosa до бактеріофагу та цефалоспоринів підвищувалася в присутності ДМ у суббактеріостатичній концентрації (СК).
Висновки. Резистентні до цефалоспоринів штами P. aeruginosa не мали перехресної стійкості до ДМ, бактеріофагу. Застосування антисептика ДМ у СК підвищувало чутливість P. aeruginosa до цефалоспоринів в 7 – 8,5 разу; покращувало чутливість помірно стійких фаголізабельних культур P. aeruginosa до бактеріофагу.
АНАТОМО–ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНІ ЗМІНИ ВЕРХНІХ СЕЧОВИХ ШЛЯХІВ В ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНИХ ТВАРИН ЗА ГІПЕРАКТИВНОГО СЕЧОВОГО МІХУРА
Authors: Iatsyna О. І. , Savytska І. М. , Коstev F. І. , Vernygorodskyi S. V. , Golovko Т. S. , Gavrylyuk О. М. , Ganich О. V.
Published: November 2017

Після створення моделі гіперактивного сечового міхура (ГСМ) у білих щурів здійснювали моніторинг прижиттєвих змін сечових шляхів (СШ), для чого використовували МРТ з МР–урографією до і після діурезного навантаження. Дані гістологічних досліджень після моделювання ГСМ підтвердили результати МРТ. В ранні строки спостерігали функціональні зміни без виражених порушень структури органів, проте, через 30 діб та пізніше виникали морфологічні зміни, що зумовлювало формування уретерогідронефрозу (УГН).
PERANCANGAN DAN APLIKASI EKO-EFISIENSI PADA UKM BATIK NADIA ROYANI PEKALONGAN
Authors: Nindita Velma
Published: December 2017

UKM Nadia Royani di Kelurahan Simbang Kulon, Kabupaten Pekalongan merupakan salah satu sentra industri batik. Kapasitas produksi rata-rata setiap pengrajin per bulan antara 300 kodi sampai 1000 kodi. Jumlah produksi yang cukup banyak ini dapat berpengaruh negatif pada lingkungan jika tidak ada pengelolaan lingkungan yang baik. Tujuan analisis implementasi eko-efisiensi adalah menganalisis efisiensi pemakaian bahan baku, pendukung, dan energi, menganalisis jumlah KBP, menghitung jumlah emisi gas rumah kaca, serta menghitung rasio Eko-Efisiensi. Penggunaan konsep eko-efisiensi ditujukan pada perbaikan ekologi dan ekonomi dengan peningkatan kualitas kinerja UKM. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan metode kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis 2 kodi batik kombinasi diperoleh efisiensi pemakaian air bersih proses pewarnaan dari 76 L menjadi 20 L, penggunaan air bersih proses pelorodan sebanyak 900 L dan proses pencucian sebanyak 1500 L, efisiensi konsumsi listrik dari 0,5 KWh menjadi 0,307 KWh, penggantian penggunaan bahan bakar dari minyak tanah ke LPG. Jumlah emisi gas rumah kaca per bulan untuk minyak tanah 0,214 ton GHG, kayu bakar 8,732 x 10 -5 ton GHG, listrik 0,0422 ton CO2 equiv (sebelum eko-efisiensi), dan LPG 0,0790 ton GHG, kayu bakar 7,620 x 10 -5 ton GHG, listrik 0,0259 ton CO2equiv (sesudah eko-efisiensi). Rasio eko-efisiensi per bulan untuk konsumsi energi 288 kodi per 3,26483 Gigajoule (sebelum eko-efisiensi), 288 kodi per 1,42854 Gigajoule (sesudah eko-efisiensi), konsumsi bahan 288 kodi per 14,78 ton, dan emisi gas rumah kaca 288 Kodi per 0,257 ton CO2 equiv (sebelum eko-efisiensi), 288 Kodi per 0,105 ton CO2 equiv (sesudah efisiensi). Rasio eko-efisiensi berdasarkan nilai tambah ekonomi dan pengaruh lingkungan dari produk dan jasa yaitu Rp 6.864.000,- / 0,257 ton CO2 equiv(sebelum eko-efisiensi) dan Rp 8.016.000,- / 0,105 ton CO2 equiv.
Closing the Digital Divide in Low-Income Urban Communities: A Domestication Approach
Authors: Kanyi Wamuyu Patrick
Published: November 2017

Aim/Purpose: Significant urban digital divide exists in Nairobi County where low income households lack digital literacy skills and do not have access to the internet. The study was undertaken as an intervention, designed to close the digital divide among low income households in Nairobi by introducing internet access using the domestication framework.

Background: Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have the potential to help reduce social inequality and have been hailed as critical to the achievement of the Sustainable Development goals (SDGs). Skills in use of ICTs have also become a prerequisite for almost all forms of employment and in accessing government services, hence, the need for digital inclusion for all.

Methodology: In this research study, I employed a mixed methods approach to investigate the problem. This was achieved through a preliminary survey to collect data on the existence of urban digital divide in Nairobi and a contextual analysis of the internet domestication process among the eighteen selected case studies.

Contribution: While there have been many studies on digital divide between Africa and the rest of the world, within the African continent, among genders and between rural and urban areas at national levels, there are few studies exploring urban digital divide and especially among the marginalized communities living in the low-income urban areas.

Findings: Successful domestication of internet and related technologies was achieved among the selected households, and the households appreciated the benefits of having and using the internet for the first time. A number of factors that impede use of internet among the marginalized communities in Nairobi were also identified.

Recommendations for Practitioners: In the study, I found that use of differentiated costs internet services targeting specific demographic groups is possible and that use of such a service could help the marginalized urban communities’ access the internet. Therefore, ISPs should offer special internet access packages for the low-income households.

Recommendation for Researchers: In this research study, I found that the urban digital divide in Nairobi is an indication of social economic development problems. Therefore, researchers should carryout studies involving multipronged strategies to address the growing digital divide among the marginalized urban communities.

Impact on Society: The absence of an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) inclusion policy is a huge setback to the achievement of the SDGs in Kenya. Digital inclusion policies prioritizing digital literacy training, universal internet access and to elucidate the social-economic benefits of internet access for all Kenyans should be developed.

Future Research: Future studies should explore ways of providing affordable mass internet access solutions among the residents of low-income communities and in eliminating the persistence urban digital divide in Kenya.
Biofeedback to decrease anxiety in football association players
Authors: Acuña Ávila José Manuel , Murguía Cánovas Gabriela , López Fajardo Adriana Daniela
Published: December 2017

It can be said that there are thousands of specific stress sources; football players reflected both in important events (a penalty kick) as in everyday situations (pass the ball to a teammate, the wrong move resulted in a goal) the game causes stress and affects athlete's emotional state. Physiological aspects such as tachycardia, tachypnea, sweating and nervous gestures impact on optimizing the execution of the movement and thus its performance. In this review, we explained the level of anxiety of football association players and its management with Biofeedback techniques.
Tuz stresinin patateste stoma dayanıklılığı ile ilgili Asg1 geni ifade düzeyine etkileri
Authors: Uranbey Serkan , Köm Deniz , Akdoğan Güray , Ahmed Hussein Abdullah Ahmed , Koçak Nilüfer , Kara Muharrem Erdi
Published: December 2017

Abiyotik Stres Geni (Asg1),
abssisik asit (ABA) bağımlı yolakta stres koşullarında ozmotik bir pozitif
regülatör olup, tuz stresi ile indüklenerek stomal kapanma ve stres koşullarına
adaptasyonu teşvik etmekte ve stres sinyal yolağı ile etkileşebilmektedir. Bu
çalışmada da, in vitro koşullarda
farklı konsantrasyonlarda (50, 100 ve 150 mM) NaCl tuz stresine maruz bırakılan
Hermes
ve Slaney patates çeşitlerinde stoma
dayanıklığı ile ilgili Asg1 geninin ifade düzeyleri araştırılmış, tuza toleranslı olduğu
düşünülen Slaney çeşidinde 50 mM NaCl
uygulamasında kontrole göre istatistikî anlamda önemli seviyede (% 90) artış,
tuza hassas olduğu düşünülen Hermes çeşidinde ise 50 mM NaCl uygulamasında
kontrole göre % 16 oranında gen ifadesi düşüşü görülmüştür.
Azotlu gübre dozlarının İtalyan çimi (Lolium italicum L.) çeşitlerinin ot kalitesine etkisi
Authors: Çolak Ergül , Sancak Cengiz
Published: December 2017

Bu araştırma, İtalyan çimi çeşitlerinin yem
kalitesini yükseltmede önemli bir potansiyeli olan azotlu gübrelerin değişik
dozlarının etkilerini belirlemek üzere yapılmıştır. Orta Anadolu bölgesi kıraç
koşullarında, 2008 ve 2009 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat
Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü deneme tarlasında tesadüf bloklarında bölünmüş
parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuştur. Çalışmada azotlu
gübre olarak amonyum nitrat (% 33 N) gübresinin 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 ve 24
kg da-1 dozları ve İtalyan çimi çeşidi olarak da Gemini, Tetraflorum
ile Lolita kullanılmıştır. Erken ilkbaharda 30 cm sıra arası verilerek ekilen
parsellerde gerektiği dönemlerde elle yabancı ot mücadelesi yapılmıştır.
Parsellerdeki bitkiler çiçeklenme-başaklanma dönemine geldiğinde gözlemler ve
hasat yapılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre; İtalyan çimi çeşitleri
arasında incelenen özelliklerden protein verimi, protein oranı, ham kül oranı,
asitte çözünmeyen lif (ADF), nötr deterjanda çözünmeyen lif (NDF) ve nispi yem
değeri (NYD) bakımından önemli farklılıklar belirlenmiştir. Azotlu gübre
dozları protein oranı, protein verimi, ADF, NDF ve NYD üzerine etkili olmuştur.
Ankara ve benzer koşullarında yapılacak
İtalyan çimi yetiştiriciliğinde yüksek verim ve kaliteli yem elde etmek için
Lolita çeşidine 8 kg da-1 azot dozu uygulanması tavsiye edilebilir.
Özel tip mısır genotiplerinin farklı gelişme dönemlerinde fizyolojik özellikler ile kalite özellikleri için heterosis, kalıtım derecesi ve gen etkilerinin incelenmesi
Authors: Kahrıman Fatih , Egesel Cem Ömer
Published: December 2017

Mısır bitkisi genetik araştırmalarda kullanılan en
önemli model bitkilerden birisidir. Normal tane yapısına sahip mısır
genotiplerinde çeşitli özelliklerin kalıtımını konu edinen çok sayıda araştırma
bulunmasına karşın, özel tip mısır genotiplerinde bu araştırmalar sınırlı
düzeyde kalmıştır. Bu çalışma özel tip (yüksek yağlı, yüksek proteinli) mısır
genotiplerinde bazı agronomik, fizyolojik ve kalite özelliklerinin kalıtımını
konu edinmektedir. İki yıllık (2011 ve 2012) olarak yürütülen araştırmada
ekimden itibaren 40., 60., 82., 100 ve 122. günlerde 13 agronomik, 9 fizyolojik
ve 7 kalite özelliği olmak üzere toplam 29 özellik incelenmiştir. Elde edilen
veriler Düzeltilmiş Sapmasız Hesaplama (Adjusted Unbiased Prediction)
yöntemiyle eklemeli ve dominans model (Additive + Dominance) kullanılarak
analiz edilmiştir. Her bir özellik için vejetasyon evrelerine göre heterosis,
kalıtım dereceleri hesaplanarak bu hesaplamalardaki değişim incelenmiştir.
Ayrıca heterosise neden olan gen etkileri polar grafik yöntemi ile gösterilmiştir.
Araştırma bulguları heterosis ve kalıtım derecesinin vejetasyon süresinde
özellik gruplarına göre değişim gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Bitkisel
özellikler ve fizyolojik özelliklerin büyük kısmında pozitif yönde ve yüksek
derecede heterosis (>%50) olduğu saptanmıştır. Tane protein, karbonhidrat ve
yağ içeriğinde de bazı örnekleme tarihlerinde pozitif yönde heterosis olduğu
belirlenmiştir. İncelenen özelliklerden 18’inde kalıtım derecesi yüksek
bulunmuştur. Heterosise neden olan gen etkilerine ilişkin analizler, bitkisel
özellikler ile fizyolojik özelliklerin çoğunda üstün dominans gen etkilerinin
rol oynadığını, kalite özelliklerinde ise heterosisin dominant ve eklemeli gen
etkileriyle ortaya çıktığını göstermiştir. Yüksek yağlı ve yüksek proteinli
mısır genotipleri arasında bazı özellikler için heterosis ve kalıtım derecesi
ile gen etki hesaplamalarında farklılıklar olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca
incelenen bazı özelliklerle ilgili heterosisin farklı gelişim evrelerinde
değişim gösterdiği anlaşılmıştır.
Experimental Effects of Program Management Approach on Teachers’ Professional Ties and Social Capital
Authors: Quinn David M. , Kim James S.
Published: December 2017

Theory and empirical work suggest that teachers’ social capital influences school improvement efforts. Social ties are prerequisite for social capital, yet little causal evidence exists on how malleable factors, such as instructional management approaches, affect teachers’ ties. In this cluster-randomized trial, we apply a decision-making perspective to compare a literacy intervention managed under a “fidelity-focused” approach, in which teachers were expected to implement researcher-designed procedures faithfully, versus a “structured adaptive” approach, in which teachers collaboratively planned program adaptations. In the short term, the adaptive approach increased teachers’ accessing of intervention-related social capital, but decreased their accessing of social capital unrelated to the intervention. Short-term effects varied based on participants’ role in the intervention. No group differences were found on social capital measures one year later, suggesting that the structured adaptive approach did not make teachers more likely to form ties that would be useful outside of the intervention.
Multimodal management of forgotten encrusted ureteral stents
Authors: Dongol Udaya Man Singh , Ghimire Roshan
Published: December 2017

Background: Forgotten ureteral stents are seen in urologic practice because of ignorance of patients or failure of physician to counsel the patients. They can cause significant morbidity and pose a management and legal dilemma.Objectives: To evaluate the effi cacy and feasibility of different endourological approaches like percutaneous nephrolithotomy, ureteroscopic lithotripsy, cystolithotripsy and extracorporeal lithotripsy in the treatment of forgotten encrusted ureteral stents.Methods: Total 10 patients with forgotten encrusted double J stents from January 2013 to Nov 2015 were included. Mean age of the patients was 38.4 years (1.5 -5 years). All patients were evaluated for stent encrustation and associated stone burden by X-ray KUB and Intravenous Urography. Combined endourological procedures like percutaneous nephrolithotomy, ureteroscopic lithotripsy, cystolithotripsy and extracorporeal lithotripsy and even open surgery was done to remove these stents. The patients characteristics, indications for stenting, indwelling time, site of encrustation, hospital stay etc were all noted.Results: Total 10 patients presented with forgotten Double J stents. Out of three patients with large encrustations both in renal pelvis and urinary bladder, one patient underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy and cystolithotripsy. Rest two patients underwent extracorporeal lithotripsy for two sessions for renal pelvic encrustation and cystolithotripsy for urinary bladder encrustation. Four patients underwent ureteroscopic and cystolithotripsy. Two patients in whom all fractured coils were in urinary bladder, underwent cystolithotripsy. All the stents were removed under C-arm fluoroscopic guidance. In one patient, open ureterotomy was done to remove the knotted stent.Conclusion: The use of Double J stent should be limited. The combination of various endourological techniques and extracorporeal lithotripsy can achieve effective stent and stone treatment with minimal morbidity and hospital stay.Journal of Kathmandu Medical College, Vol. 5, No. 4, Issue 18, Oct.-Dec., 2016, page: 116-119
Qualifications and ethics education: the views of ICT professionals
Authors: Al-Saggaf Yeslam , Burmeister Oliver K. , Schwartz Michael
Published: November 2017

Do information and communications technology (ICT) professionals who have ICT qualifications believe that the ethics education they received as part of their ICT degrees helped them recognise ethical problems in the workplace and address them? If they do, are they also influenced by their personal ethics? What else helps them recognise ethical problems in the workplace and address them? And what are their views in relation to the impact of ethics education on professionalism in the ICT workplace? A quantitative survey of 2,315 Australian ICT professionals revealed that participants who reported having various levels of qualifications found ethics education or training, to a small degree, helpful for recognising ethical problems and addressing them; although it is those with Non-ICT qualifications, not those with ICT degrees, who were influenced more by ethics education or training. This suggests that educators need to consider how to better prepare ICT graduates for the workplace challenges and the types of situations they subsequently experience. The survey also found that participants who reported having various levels of qualifications were not influenced by their personal ethics or indeed any other factor making ethics education or training important for developing professionalism. The quantitative survey was followed by qualitative interviews with 43 Australian ICT professionals in six Australian capital cities. These interviews provided further empirical evidence that ethics education is crucial for enabling ICT professionals to recognise ethical problems and resolve them and that educators need to consider how to better prepare ICT graduates for the types of moral dilemmas that they are likely going to face in the workforce.
Predictors of clinical outcome in pediatric oligodendroglioma: meta-analysis of individual patient data and multiple imputation
Authors: Wang Kevin Yuqi , Vankov Emilian R. , Lin Doris Da May
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVE

Oligodendroglioma is a rare primary CNS neoplasm in the pediatric population, and only a limited number of studies in the literature have characterized this entity. Existing studies are limited by small sample sizes and discrepant interstudy findings in identified prognostic factors. In the present study, the authors aimed to increase the statistical power in evaluating for potential prognostic factors of pediatric oligodendrogliomas and sought to reconcile the discrepant findings present among existing studies by performing an individual-patient-data (IPD) meta-analysis and using multiple imputation to address data not directly available from existing studies.

METHODS

A systematic search was performed, and all studies found to be related to pediatric oligodendrogliomas and associated outcomes were screened for inclusion. Each study was searched for specific demographic and clinical characteristics of each patient and the duration of event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). Given that certain demographic and clinical information of each patient was not available within all studies, a multivariable imputation via chained equations model was used to impute missing data after the mechanism of missing data was determined. The primary end points of interest were hazard ratios for EFS and OS, as calculated by the Cox proportional-hazards model. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. The multivariate model was adjusted for age, sex, tumor grade, mixed pathologies, extent of resection, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, tumor location, and initial presentation. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

A systematic search identified 24 studies with both time-to-event and IPD characteristics available, and a total of 237 individual cases were available for analysis. A median of 19.4% of the values among clinical, demographic, and outcome variables in the compiled 237 cases were missing. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed subtotal resection (p = 0.007 [EFS] and 0.043 [OS]), initial presentation of headache (p = 0.006 [EFS] and 0.004 [OS]), mixed pathologies (p = 0.005 [EFS] and 0.049 [OS]), and location of the tumor in the parietal lobe (p = 0.044 [EFS] and 0.030 [OS]) to be significant predictors of tumor progression or recurrence and death.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of IPD meta-analysis provides a valuable means for increasing statistical power in investigations of disease entities with a very low incidence. Missing data are common in research, and multiple imputation is a flexible and valid approach for addressing this issue, when it is used conscientiously. Undergoing subtotal resection, having a parietal tumor, having tumors with mixed pathologies, and suffering headaches at the time of diagnosis portended a poorer prognosis in pediatric patients with oligodendroglioma.
A 48 year old male with jaundice and exertional chest pain
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Mizanur , Islam Md. Monirul , Giti Susane , Parvin Mimi , Khan Arif Ahmed , Saha Debashish
Published: November 2017

This article has no abstract. The first 100 words appear below:A 48 year old male attended the cardiac outpatient department with the complaints of chest pain on exertion. Two years back, he developed chest pain on exertion. The pain was retrosternal, dull in nature, non-radiating, aggravated on exertion and relieved by rest. There was no relation with food intake and not relieved by taking H2 blocker. The patient was a known case of hypertension for the last 10 years. He was on antihypertensive medication and his blood pressure was controlled with therapy. There was no history of respiratory distress and cough. With these complaints, he at first attended to a nearby Government medical college hospital in Barisal (South central division of Bangladesh).
Esthetic correction of calcified tooth discoloration by walking bleach technique
Authors: Tanmi Farzana Hoque , Hossain Mozammal , Howlader Md. Mujibur Rahman , Abdin Md. Joynal , Alam Md. Shamsul , Moral Mohammad Ali Asgor
Published: November 2017

This article has no abstract. The first 100 words appear below:A 33 year old male patient came to the outpatient Department complaining of the bad appearance of his upper left central incisor tooth. He had no history of trauma in that area but the tooth was discolored gradually (Figure 1A). Furthermore, the tooth was asymptomatic. There was no pain and discomfort during mastication. The patient had gastric irritation for the last 5 years and still using omeprazole irregularly. The clinical examination indicates that the left central incisor tooth was yellowish in color and the dentine was found to be exposed (Figure 1B). There was gross tooth tissue loss at the labial surface that includes the incisal edge of the tooth.
Flow cytometry of lymph node aspirate can effectively differentiate the reactive lymphadenitis from the nodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Dey Bishnu Pada , Chakravarty Saumitra , Kamal Mohammed
Published: November 2017

The purpose of the present study was to compare the routine cytology, histology, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry in the diagnosis of nodal lymphoma cases. Thirty five cases of clinically suspected lymphoproliferative disorder were included in this study. After preparation of smears from the fine needle aspirates on the glass slides for cytology, the residual material was processed for flow cytometric immunophenotyping accordingly. Subsequently, histopathology and immunohistochemistry findings of selected cases of lymph node biopsy were correlated to confirm and compare the diagnosis. Flow cytometric immunophenotypes of most of the cases corresponded to the histological and immunohistochemical diagnoses, five cases showed marked shift in diagnosis (e.g. aggressive NK cell leukemia) which were later validated by clinical outcomes. Flow cytometry immunophenotyping had shown high sensitivity (96.4%) and specificity (100%) if we considered both histopathology and immunohistochemistry combined as gold slandered, while in comparison to immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry immunophenotyping had shown 100% sensitivity and specificity. However, despite the improved diagnostic capacity provided by flow cytometry, morphologic analysis obtained from histopathology remains the cornerstone in the diagnosis of lymphoma.
Subcellular Interactions during Vascular Morphogenesis in 3D Cocultures between Endothelial Cells and Fibroblasts
Authors: Kaessmeyer Sabine , Sehl Julia , Khiao In Maneenooch , Merle Roswitha , Richardson Ken , Plendl Johanna
Published: December 2017

Background: Increasing the complexity of in vitro systems to mimic three-dimensional tissues and the cellular interactions within them will increase the reliability of data that were previously collected with in vitro systems. In vivo vascularization is based on complex and clearly defined cell–matrix and cell–cell interactions, where the extracellular matrix (ECM) seems to play a very important role. The aim of this study was to monitor and visualize the subcellular and molecular interactions between endothelial cells (ECs), fibroblasts, and their surrounding microenvironment during vascular morphogenesis in a three-dimensional coculture model. Methods: Quantitative and qualitative analyses during the generation of a coculture tissue construct consisting of endothelial cells and fibroblasts were done using transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Results: Dynamic interactions were found in cocultures between ECs, between fibroblasts (FBs), between ECs and FBs, and between the cells and the ECM. Microvesicles were involved in intercellular information transfer. FBs took an active and physical part in the angiogenesis process. The ECM deposited by the cells triggered endothelial angiogenic activity. Capillary-like tubular structures developed and matured. Moreover, some ECM assembled into a basement membrane (BM) having three different layers equivalent to those seen in vivo. Finally, the three-dimensional in vitro construct mirrored the topography of histological tissue sections. Conclusion: Our results visualize the importance of the physical contact between all cellular and acellular components of the cocultures.
Comparative Evaluation of Chemical Profiles of Pyrrosiae Folium Originating from Three Pyrrosia Species by HPLC-DAD Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis
Authors: Xiao Wei , Peng Yude , Tan Zhexu , Lv Qiuyue , Chan Chi-on , Yang Jingyu , Chen Sibao
Published: December 2017

Pyrrosiae Folium (PF) is a commonly used Chinese herb medicine originating from three Pyrrosia species for the treatment of urinary infection and urolithiasis. According to Chinese medicine practice, different specie origins led to some variations in the therapeutic effects of PF. To ensure the safety and efficacy of PF in clinical practice, it is necessary to establish a reliable and integrative method to distinguish PF occurring from the three species. In the present paper, a HPLC–DAD method was developed and applied to simultaneously analyze five major compounds in PF. Afterwards, multivariate statistical analyses including principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were applied for specie discrimination and integrative quality evaluation based on quantitative data. The chemical determination and pattern recognition results of 35 batches of PF samples indicated that PF samples from three species showed different chemical profiles and could be discriminated clearly. In conclusion, the present method is rapid and reliable for the quality assessment and species discrimination of PF.
Nucleobase-Containing Polymers: Structure, Synthesis, and Applications
Authors: Yang Haitao , Xi Weixian
Published: December 2017

Nucleobase interactions play a fundamental role in biological functions, including transcription and translation. Natural nucleic acids like DNA are also widely implemented in material realm such as DNA guided self-assembly of nanomaterials. Inspired by that, polymer chemists have contributed phenomenal endeavors to mimic both the structures and functions of natural nucleic acids in synthetic polymers. Similar sequence-dependent responses were observed and employed in the self-assembly of these nucleobase-containing polymers. Here, the structures, synthetic approaches, and applications of nucleobase-containing polymers are highlighted and a brief look is taken at the future development of these polymers.
The Role of Sustainable Investment in Climate Policy
Authors: Schütze Franziska , Fürst Steffen , Mielke Jahel , Steudle Gesine , Wolf Sarah , Jaeger Carlo
Published: December 2017

Reaching the Sustainable Development Goals requires a fundamental socio-economic transformation accompanied by substantial investment in low-carbon infrastructure. Such a sustainability transition represents a non-marginal change, driven by behavioral factors and systemic interactions. However, typical economic models used to assess a sustainability transition focus on marginal changes around a local optimum, which—by construction—lead to negative effects. Thus, these models do not allow evaluating a sustainability transition that might have substantial positive effects. This paper examines which mechanisms need to be included in a standard computable general equilibrium model to overcome these limitations and to give a more comprehensive view of the effects of climate change mitigation. Simulation results show that, given an ambitious greenhouse gas emission constraint and a price of carbon, positive economic effects are possible if (1) technical progress results (partly) endogenously from the model and (2) a policy intervention triggering an increase of investment is introduced. Additionally, if (3) the investment behavior of firms is influenced by their sales expectations, the effects are amplified. The results provide suggestions for policy-makers, because the outcome indicates that investment-oriented climate policies can lead to more desirable outcomes in economic, social and environmental terms.
Caution is Key When Prescribing for Older Adults
Authors: Leahy Laura G.
Published: December 2017

The end of the year can trigger the recognition that aging adults are no longer as independent as they once were. Psychiatric nurses and other mental health professionals may see an increase in older adults being referred for treatment. As the most appropriate psychosocial/psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological treatments are identified for older adults, there are some unique challenges inherent in coordinating the care of this population. It is especially important for prescribing psychiatric advanced practice nurses to update, review, and cross-reference older patients' lists of medications at every appointment. Although the obstacles to treating older adults may appear daunting, prudent, responsible, cautious practice should be exercised to ensure they achieve improved functionality, maintain safety, reduce risks, and enhance their quality of life. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 55
(12), 7–10.]
Feasibility of a Nurse-Managed Pain, Agitation, and Delirium Protocol in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Rozycki Alan , Jarrell Andrew S. , Kruer Rachel M. , Young Samantha , Mendez-Tellez Pedro A.
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND

Society of Critical Care Medicine guidelines recommend the use of pain, agitation, and delirium protocols in the intensive care unit. The feasibility of nurse management of such protocols in the surgical intensive care unit has not been well assessed.

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate the percentage of adherent medication interventions for patients assessed by using a pain, sedation, and delirium protocol.

METHODS

Data on all adult patients admitted to a surgical intensive care unit from January 2013 through September 2013 who were assessed at least once by using a pain, sedation, and delirium protocol were retrospectively reviewed. Protocol adherence was evaluated for interventions implemented after a nursing assessment. Patients were further divided into 2 groups on the basis of adherence, and achievement of pain and sedation goals was evaluated between groups.

RESULTS

Data on 41 patients were included. Of the 603 pain assessments, 422 (70.0%) led to an intervention adherent to the protocol. Of the 249 sedation assessments, 192 (77.1%) led to an adherent intervention. Among patients with 75% or greater adherent pain interventions, all interventions met pain goals with significantly less fentanyl than that used in interventions that did not meet goals. Despite 75% or greater adherence with interventions for sedation assessments, only 8.7% of the interventions met sedation goals.

CONCLUSIONs

A nurse-managed pain, agitation, and delirium protocol can be feasibly implemented in a surgical intensive care unit.
Циклические модули с $\infty$-симплициальными гранями и циклические гомологии $A_\infty$-алгебр
Authors: Lapin Sergei Valerievich
Published: December 2017

Для $A_\infty$-алгебр на основе техники дифференциальных модулей
с $\infty$-симплициальными гранями и техники
$D_\infty$-дифференциальных модулей построен цепной бикомплекс,
обобщающий цепной бикомплекс Цыгана в теории циклических гомологий
ассоциативных алгебр.
Для гомотопически унитальных $A_\infty$-алгебр
получена точная последовательность,
обобщающая точную последовательность Конна-Цыгана
для унитальных ассоциативных алгебр.
Библиография: 16 названий.
Caries Preventive Effect of Sodium Fluoride Varnish on Deciduous Dentition: A Clinical Trial
Authors: Kathariya Mitesh D , Patil Swapnil K , Fatangare Madhura , Jadhav Rutuj G , Shinde Gaurav R , Pawar Siddhi S
Published: December 2017

Aim

The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of intensive application of sodium fluoride varnish in reducing caries incidence among children aged 6 to 7 years.

Materials and methods

The study was a randomized controlled trial conducted among 6- to 7-year-old children of Sangamner, Maharashtra, India. Nearly 200 randomly selected children were randomized into two groups: Control group and intervention (varnish) group. Dental examination to record the caries experiences was conducted at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. The fluoride varnish was applied for three times in a week for a period of 1 year. Mean decayed, missed, and filled teeth (DMFT) were compared between and within groups using t-test.

Results

Out of 200 participants, there were 3 dropouts for control group and 4 for intervention group. Nearly 55% study participants were males and remaining were females. There was a statistically significant difference between the baseline and follow-up caries levels in varnish group for deciduous dentition. Mean caries reduction in this study was 26%.

Conclusion

After 1 year of study, we found significant caries reversal in deciduous dentition among the 6- to 7-year-olds after intensive fluoride application. Such a regimen can be advocated to encourage the practitioners and the caregivers alike for early caries prevention.

Clinical significance

Intensive fluoride application (three times a week) once a year was found to be effective in reducing the incidence of detectable carious lesions and can be advocated to the dental professionals to be incorporated in their routine preventive clinical practice.

How to cite this article

Patil SK, Fatangare M, Jadhav RG, Shinde GR, Pawar SS, Kathariya MD. Caries Preventive Effect of Sodium Fluoride Varnish on Deciduous Dentition: A Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(12):1190-1193.
Is EVA an Effective Performance Measure; Evidence from Colombo Stock Exchange, Sri Lanka
Authors: Gunaratne Yathra Mullage Chithrasheeli
Published: December 2017

The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between Economic Value Added (EVA) and stock return in Sri Lanka. The study sample consists of 1695 firm year observations covering 113 public limited companies listed in Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) for 15 years period from 1999 to 2013. This study was based on secondary data, collected from the CSE data library and the published financial statements of companies considered in the sample. Pearson Correlation Coefficient analysis and the fixed effect model of Panel data Regression analysis techniques were used as the statistical techniques to analyze data. The statistical analysis revealed that there is no significant positive relationship between EVA and stock return in Sri Lanka. Contrary to the arguments of EVA proponents, the researcher suggests the market participants of Colombo Stock Exchange to select other performance measures instead of EVA to make rational economic decisions.
“A Father's Heart, as It Were”: Paternal Shaw
Authors: Dukore Bernard F.
Published: December 2017

Although this article begins with irony and satire, which are among Shaw's trademarks, it provides a view of Shaw as compassionate and caring—in his life and in his writings. Although he was not a father, he was paternal not only toward his friends' children and grandchildren, but also toward children he did not personally know. Throughout his life, he wrote about and to children and parents, and gave them advice on books, school, and upbringing. As a socialist, he decried the exploitation of children for the profit of parents and plutocrats. As a human being, he warned of child molestation and the difficulties presented by the law if a parent went to it for redress. This article also treats the question of whether Shaw might have become a father.
Assessment of urology postgraduate trainees’ competencies in flexible ureteroscopic stone extraction
Authors: Aloosh Mehdi , Couture Félix , Fahmy Nader , Elhilali Mostafa M. , Andonian Sero
Published: December 2017

Introduction: We aimed to assess flexible ureteroscopic stone extraction skill of urology postgraduate trainees (PGTs) at an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) and to determine whether previous experience in the operating theatre or practice on the simulator correlated with performance.Methods: After obtaining ethics approval, PGTs from postgraduate years (PGYs) 3‒5 were recruited from all four Quebec urology training programs during an OSCE. After a short orientation to the UroMentorTM simulator, PGTs were asked to perform Task 10 for 15 minutes, where two small stones from the left proximal ureter and renal pelvis were extracted using a basket. Competency of PGTs in performing the task was assessed using objective assessment from the simulator and subjective evaluations using Ureteroscopy- Global Rating Scale (URS-GRS). Simulator performance reports and URS-GRS scores were analyzed.Results: Thirty PGTs (9 PGY-3, 11 PGY-4, 10 PGY-5) participated in this study. PGTs had performed a mean of 55.9 semi-rigid and 45.7 flexible ureteroscopies prior to the study. Mean URS-GRS score of the participants was 20.0±4.4. Using norm-referenced method with three experts, cutoff score of 19 on the URS-GRS was determined to indicate competency. Sixty percent (18/30) of PGTs were competent. All eight PGTs who had practiced on the simulator were competent. Previous experience in the operating theatre and PGY level did not correlate with performance. Conclusions: This study confirmed the feasibility of incorporating the UroMentor at OSCEs to assess competency of urology PGTs in ureteroscopic stone extraction skill. PGTs who practiced on the simulator scored significantly higher than those who did not practice; however, the software needs to be updated to improve its face validity and to include more complex tasks, such as holmium laser lithotripsy. Future studies with larger sample sizes and more complex cases are needed to confirm these results.
Networking for English Literature Class: Cooperative Learning in Chinese Context
Authors: Li Huiyin
Published: November 2017

This action research was conducted to investigate the efficacy of networking, an adjusted cooperative learning method employed in an English literature class for non-English majors in China. Questionnaire was administered online anonymously to college students after a 14-week cooperative learning in literature class in a Chinese university, aiming to study whether the proposed cooperative learning method was an effective method in literature class and how it would impact students. The results indicated that it was an effective instructional practice with benefits in academic study, accountability and social skills.
Influence of solution heat treatment on
the microstructure and hardness of a
high carbon alloy from the Ni-Co-Cr-Ta-Al
system
Authors: Bała P.
Published: November 2017

Purpose: The main purpose of this paper was to determine the influence of the temperature
of solution heat treatment on the microstructure and hardness of the newly designed model
alloy, intended for working at high temperatures.
Design/methodology/approach: A mass weighing approx. 1 kg was test melted in a
vacuum furnace and cast into a ceramic mould. Samples for investigations were solution
heat treated at the temperature range of 1020-1170°C. After heating to the desired
temperature, the samples were held at this temperature for 2 hours and then water-cooled.
Findings: The main constituents of the microstructure of the Ni-Co-Cr-Ta-Al-C alloy in as-cast
state are: the γ phase, which constitutes the matrix, the γ’ phase (γ’ phase occurs as fine globular
precipitates) as well as primary TaC and Cr7C3 carbides. Irregularly shaped primary carbides are
uniformly distributed and do not form agglomerates. Solution heat treatment of the investigated
alloy at exceedingly higher temperatures causes a slow decrease of chromium primary carbides.
Research limitations/implications: Taking into account the chemical composition
of the investigated alloy, it is reasonable to expect the heat treatment should improve its
properties. At 1020°C, γ’ phase precipitations dissolve and it is possible to achieve a super
saturated solid solution matrix. Next, correct aging treatment should by applied.
Practical implications: A new model alloy which allows to design a new material for high
temperature applications.
Originality/value: New chemical compositions and microstructure of Ni-based materials
for high temperature application with high carbon contents. Additionally, the new alloy is
strengthened not only by a high carbon volume fraction but also by intermetallic phases.
Carbon based coatings for applications
in friction couples with bearing steel
and aluminium alloy
Authors: Makówka M. , Wendler B.
Published: November 2017

Purpose: Low friction nc-WC/a-C:H coatings deposited by means of magnetron sputtering
provide very good tribological properties in friction couple against hard steels and good
adhesion to steel substrates. Nevertheless, it was necessary to elaborate a new type of
coatings because the nc-WC/a-C:H one had no use in friction couple against aluminium alloys.
Design/methodology/approach: In the paper the WC/a-C:H and (Si, Cr)C/a-C:H
coatings were investigated. The coatings were investigated by means of SEM, EDS, in order
to obtain thickness, surface morphology and chemical composition of coatings. Tribological
properties of deposited coatings were elaborated by means of 'pin-on-disc' method in
friction couple against 100Cr6 bearing steel and AlSi alloy.
Findings: It was stated that (Si, Cr)C/a-C:H coatings have very good tribological properties
in friction couple against bearing steel and AlSi alloy (friction coefficient <0,1). In case of
WC/a-C:H coatings, good tribological properties were achieved in friction couple with
bearing steel. Both coatings have very low wear rate in investigated friction couples.
Research limitations/implications: The (Si,Cr)C/a-C:H coating have a worse quality of
adhesion to quenched and tempered Vanadis 23 HS steel substrate in comparison with the
nc-WC/a-C:H coating. Resolving this disadvantage can increase potential of application of
(Si, Cr)C/a-C:H coatings.
Practical implications: Newly developed (Si, Cr)C/a-C:H coating has a greater
application potential for modification of surfaces of elements working in friction couples
against hardened steels and light alloys like AlSi.
Originality/value: There are numerous publications where low friction carbon based
coatings were described mostly as a coatings deposited on elements working in friction
couples against hard steels. Undertaken tests showed that the newly developed (Si,Cr)C/a-
C:H coating can have a broad spectrum of applications in friction couples against different
counterbodies, including light Al alloys.
Abrasion resistance of Ni-B/Si3N4
composite layers produced
by electroless method
Authors: Mazurek A. , Cieślak G. , Bartoszek W. , Trzaska M.
Published: November 2017

Purpose: The paper presents the results of investigations of Ni-B/Si3N4 composite layers
produced on steel substrate by electroless method.
Design/methodology/approach: Amorphous silicon nitride powder (Si3N4) with nanometric
particle sizes was used as a dispersion phase for the production of composite layers.
Ni-B/Si3N4 composite layers were produced in baths of varying Si3N4 powder content. For
comparative purposes, the study also includes results related to a Ni-B layer. The Si3N4
powder and the structure of the produced layers were characterized. The topography and
morphology of the surface of the produced layers are presented. The adhesion of the layers
to the substrate material was determined. Microhardness and tribological properties of test
materials were determined.
Findings: The results of the studies show that Ni-B/Si3N4 composite layers and Ni-B
composite layers are characterized by compact structures and good adhesion to the
substrate material. The incorporation of Si3N4 particles into the Ni-B layers increases the
degree of surface development of the layers. The Ni-B/Si3N4 composite layer material
exhibits less microhardness and less abrasive wear compared to Ni-B layers. However, the
extent of wear damage of the Ni-B/Si3N4 is relatively small comparing to Ni-B layers.
GÊNERO E DIVERSIDADE NA ESCOLA: EXPERIÊNCIAS SOBRE A FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES DA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA NO MUNICIPIO DE SÃO BORJA
Authors: Ferreira Ewerton Da Silva , Santos Oneide Alessandro Silva dos , Quadrado Jaqueline Carvalho
Published: December 2017

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar e analisar os relatos baseados nas experiências dos bolsistas do projeto de extensão universitária da Universidade Federal do Pampa – UNIPAMPA - campus São Borja, intitulado Gênero e Diversidade na Escola, mostrando as experiências e realidades sobre ofertar um curso de formação continuada para professores (as) da educação básica pública, do sistema público de ensino, contemplando todos os níveis da educação básica: Infantil, Ensino Fundamental e Médio. A Formação aconteceu na modalidade presencial, com carga horária de 80 horas e com 50 vagas distribuídas entre a Coordenadoria Regional de Educação do Estado (CRE), a Secretaria Municipal de Educação (SMED) e o Instituto Federal. O projeto tratou de uma temática ampla sobre Educação e Direitos Humanos tendo como eixo os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais, princípios teóricos e práticos, com o objetivo de refletir criticamente sobre a prática docente na escola, nos temas sobre: Gênero, Diversidade, Sexualidade e as Relações Étnico-Raciais.