bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy and Rapid On-Site Evaluation for Immediate Triage in Breast Cancer Screening in Tanzania
Authors: Philipo Godfrey S. , Vuhahula Edda , Kimambo Asteria , Mmbaga Elia J. , Van Loon Katherine , Ng Dianna L.
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE

Clinical breast examination (CBE) is one of the most common methods used for early detection of breast cancer in low- and middle-income countries. CBE alone is limited by lack of specificity and may result in unnecessary diagnostic procedures. We evaluated the feasibility of integrating CBE, fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), and rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) in triaging palpable breast masses for specialized cancer care.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

An intensive breast cancer screening event was conducted at a national trade fair by a multidisciplinary team of care providers targeting a healthy population in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. All adults age ≥ 18 years were invited to participate. CBE was performed by oncologists and/or pathologists. FNAB was performed by a pathologist on palpable masses that were then categorized as benign, indeterminate, or suspicious for malignancy or definitively malignant based on ROSE.

RESULTS

A total of 208 individuals (207 females, one male; median age, 36 years; range, 18-68 years) were screened. Most (90.8%, 189 of 208) had normal findings, whereas 7.2% (15 of 208), 1% (2 of 208), and 1% (2 of 208) had a palpable mass, breast pain, and nipple discharge, respectively. Two participants had lesions too small for palpation-guided biopsy and clinically consistent with fibroadenomas; the participants were counseled, and observation was recommended. FNAB was performed on 13 breast masses, with 9 of 13 (69%) categorized as benign and 4 of 13 (31%) suspicious for malignancy. Final cytopathologic review of referred patients confirmed one case to be breast adenocarcinoma, one was suggestive of fibroadenoma, and two showed inflammations.

CONCLUSION

Integration of CBE with ROSE and FNAB was feasible in a breast cancer screening program in Tanzania. In settings with constrained resources for cancer care, this may be an effective method for triaging patients with breast masses.
REDCap-Based Operational Tool to Guide Care Coordination in a Multidisciplinary Cutaneous Oncology Clinic
Authors: Saqlain Farees , Shalhout Sophia Z. , Flaherty Keith T. , Emerick Kevin S. , Miller David M.
Published: January 2021

The multidisciplinary team is the primary means for delivery of complex cancer care in the United States. Considerable variability exists in how multidisciplinary teams operate across the landscape of oncology, including variation in represented specialties and specifics of the shared medical decision-making process. Here, we describe operations of a multidisciplinary clinic focused on the management of nonmelanoma skin cancer, formed as a joint effort between departments at the Massachusetts General Hospital and Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary. We describe deployment of a flexible Web-based operational tool created on the Research Electronic Data Capture platform to facilitate provider coordination and tracking and visualization of the patient census, offering a new perspective on optimization of the multidisciplinary workflow. To help promote further discussion, we have made the data dictionary for the operational tool and R code for the accompanying data visualization dashboard freely available online for download and customization.
Readiness of Healthcare Systems to Generate Real-World Evidence: Reliability of CT Radiographic End Points for Evaluation of First-Line Systemic Treatment
Authors: Ho Cheryl , Chan Brandon , Cameron David , Shokoohi Aria , Regier Dean A. , Lim Howard
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE:

Regulatory agencies such as the US Food and Drug Administration and health technology assessment bodies are increasingly using real-world evidence (RWE). The ability of healthcare systems to reliably generate response rate and progression-free survival from real-world data is unknown. We examined the capacity of a single-payer system to provide RWE by evaluating the frequency of computed tomography (CT) imaging during standard first-line metastatic systemic treatment of breast, colorectal, and lung cancer.

METHODS:

A 1-year cohort of patients with metastatic-at-diagnosis breast, colorectal, and lung cancer treated with first-line systemic therapy (excluding hormone therapy) referred to BC Cancer in 2016 was retrospectively reviewed for first-line treatment and CT imaging. Duration of first-line treatment was calculated from the first to the last dose of therapy. CT imaging was counted from the start of therapy to 8 weeks after the last therapy dose.

RESULTS:

A cohort of 664 patients was identified from the BC Cancer Registry. Distribution of metastatic disease at diagnosis was breast (n = 82), colorectal (n = 214), and lung (n = 368) cancer. For breast, colorectal, and lung cancer, there was a baseline CT within 4 weeks of treatment initiation in 59%, 51%, and 48% of patients, with median duration of first-line treatment of 14.6, 25.3, and 11.9 weeks and median CT imaging interval of 9.1, 9.0, and 6.1 weeks.

CONCLUSION:

In our publicly funded healthcare system, availability of baseline CT imaging was 48% to 59% and the frequency of assessment ranged from 6.1 to 9.1 weeks, subject to patterns of practice and resource availability. Our system was not capable of providing RWE for image-based end points. Alternative end points should be considered to capitalize on the wealth of real-world data.
Experience of a Pituitary Clinic for US Military Veterans With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Lee Jonathan , Anderson Lindsey J , Migula Dorota , Yuen Kevin C J , McPeak Lisa , Garcia Jose M
Published: January 2021

Context

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is considered the “signature” injury of veterans returning from wartime conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. While moderate/severe TBI is associated with pituitary dysfunction, this association has not been well established in the military setting and in mild TBI (mTBI). Screening for pituitary dysfunction resulting from TBI in veteran populations is inconsistent across Veterans Affairs (VA) institutions, and such dysfunction often goes unrecognized and untreated.

Objective

This work aims to report the experience of a pituitary clinic in screening for and diagnosis of pituitary dysfunction.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted in a US tertiary care center of veterans referred to the VA Puget Sound Healthcare System pituitary clinic with a history of TBI at least 12 months prior. Main outcome measures included demographics, medical history, symptom burden, baseline hormonal evaluation, brain imaging, and provocative testing for adrenal insufficiency (AI) and adult-onset growth hormone deficiency (AGHD).

Results

Fatigue, cognitive/memory problems, insomnia, and posttraumatic stress disorder were reported in at least two-thirds of the 58 patients evaluated. Twenty-two (37.9%) were diagnosed with at least one pituitary hormone deficiency, including 13 (22.4%) AI, 12 (20.7%) AGHD, 2 (3.4%) secondary hypogonadism, and 5 (8.6%) hyperprolactinemia diagnoses; there were no cases of thyrotropin deficiency.

Conclusion

A high prevalence of chronic AI and AGHD was observed among veterans with TBI. Prospective, larger studies are needed to confirm these results and determine the effects of hormone replacement on long-term outcomes in this setting.
A Review on the Synthesis and Applications of Nanoporous Carbons for the Removal of Complex Chemical Contaminants
Authors: Singh Gurwinder , Lee Jang Mee , Kothandam Gopalakrishnan , Palanisami Thavamani , Al-Muhtaseb Ala'a H , Karakoti Ajay , Yi Jiabao , Bolan Nanthi , Vinu Ajayan
Published: January 2021

Around 29% of the world population does not have ready access to safe drinking water. Water contamination is a compelling issue, which needs to be addressed on a priority basis using novel technologies. Heavy metals are the dominant inorganic contaminants found in the water, whereas, organic contaminants are composed of several classes and pose a more widespread problem. The occurrence of radionuclides, such as uranium and caesium in groundwater is also raising a serious issue but it is often understudied. Nanoporous carbons are a good choice for removing water contaminants owing to their excellent physico-chemical properties. Their surface properties, which are highly critical for adsorption, vary significantly with the nature of the precursors used for synthesis. Their textural and surface characteristics can be tuned by adjusting the chemical composition of these precursors or the synthesis conditions, including activation or modification. Such materials can also be supported in a porous matrix, designed into desired morphologies and hybridized with other composite materials for enhancing the application efficiency. The review describes how the low-cost nanoporous carbons are outstanding adsorbent for the water remediation and provide an outlook to tap the unlimited opportunities by researching their new properties.
Contingency as Medium in Gertrude Stein
Authors: Savinel Christine
Published: January 2021

Gertrude Stein questions the event as an external and contingent accident, to be at least subsumed within the continuum of thinking —the untimely flux of interiormeditation and creation. Throughout her prolific production, one of Stein’s majorattempts was to do away with the event in literature, to dispense with it, to play against it. Stein pointedly selected as her topic the contingency of life within historical time, in her several autobiographical texts from The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas (1932) to Wars I Have Seen (1944). Wars I Have Seen proves to be a singular work which helps us realise the process through which Stein resists historical contingency. As this essay argues, Wars I Have Seen gives us a remarkable vision of Stein trying to resist the pressure of History, and a vision of literature trying to hold at bay the contingency of events.
What Really Happened? Kenneth Goldsmith’s “7+ Deaths and Disasters,” Sophie Calle’s, Take Care of Yourself
Authors: Perloff Marjorie
Published: January 2021

In Seven American Deaths and Disasters (2013), Kenneth Goldsmith recounted a set of tragic and unanticipated events in recent American history by using transcriptions of radio and TV broadcasts, usually from minor networks. Designed to be an “eighthAmerican disaster,” Goldsmith presented The Body of Michael Brown, a performance based on the St. Louis autopsy report at the “Interrupt 3” conference at Brown University(13 March 2015), eliciting widespread criticism and controversy. Seemingly very different from Goldsmith—Sophie Calle’s projects, for the past few decades, set up particularprocedural processes that raise pressing epistemological questions, especially about the nature of relationships, personal and political. One of her recent projects, Prenez soin de vous (Take Care of Yourself) that was based on her installation for the Venice Biennale in 2007, comprises comments by 107 women on an email that Calle received from her then lover. In this project, Calle uses the “real” words of others to create a montage of possible interpretations of the discourse that confronts us in our daily lives. For Calle, as for Goldsmith, the most troubling gap is that between information and knowledge, while the issue, that a conceptual poetics can take as a premise, is that the body most difficult to getinside of turns out to be one’s own.
Greek Tragedy and Trauma Retold in Three New Translations
Authors: Jackson Lucy
Published: January 2021

Review.
The impact of the program for medical male circumcision on HIV in South Africa: analysis using three epidemiological models
Authors: Korenromp Eline L. , Bershteyn Anna , Mudimu Edina , Weiner Renay , Bonecwe Collen , Loykissoonlal Dayanund , Manuhwa Clarence , Pretorius Carel , Teng Yu , Stover John , Johnson Leigh F.
Published: January 2021

Background: South Africa began offering medical male circumcision (MMC) in 2010. We evaluated the current and future impact of this program to see if it is effective in preventing new HIV infections.

Methods: The Thembisa, Goals and Epidemiological Modeling Software (EMOD) HIV transmission models were calibrated to South Africa’s HIV epidemic, fitting to household survey data on HIV prevalence, risk behaviors, and proportions of men circumcised, and to programmatic data on intervention roll-out including program-reported MMCs over 2009-2017. We compared the actual program accomplishments through 2017 and program targets through 2021 with a counterfactual scenario of no MMC program.

Results: The MMC program averted 71,000-83,000 new HIV infections from 2010 to 2017. The future benefit of the circumcision already conducted will grow to 496,000-518,000 infections (6-7% of all new infections) by 2030. If program targets are met by 2021 the benefits will increase to 723,000-760,000 infections averted by 2030. The cost would be $1,070-1,220 per infection averted relative to no MMC. The savings from averted treatment needs would become larger than the costs of the MMC program around 2034-2039.

In the Thembisa model, when modelling South Africa’s 9 provinces individually, the 9-provinces-aggregate results were similar to those of the single national model. Across provinces, projected long-term impacts were largest in Free State, KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga (23-27% reduction over 2017-2030), reflecting these provinces’ greater MMC scale-up.

Conclusions: MMC has already had a modest impact on HIV incidence in South Africa and can substantially impact South Africa’s HIV epidemic in the coming years.
Piloting the objective measurement of eating weight and speed at a population scale: a nested study within the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children
Authors: Wade Kaitlin H. , Clifford Laura , Simpkin Andrew J. , Beynon Rhona , Birch Laura , Northstone Kate , Matthews Sarah , Davey Smith George , Hamilton-Shield Julian , Timpson Nicholas J.
Published: January 2021

Background: Effective measurement and adaption of eating behaviours, such as eating speed, may improve weight loss and weight over time. We assessed whether the Mandometer, a portable weighing scale connected to a computer that generates a graph of food removal rate from the plate to which it is connected, together with photo-imaging of food, might prove an effective approach to measuring eating behaviours at large scale.

Methods: We deployed the Mandometer in the home environment to measure main meals over three days of 95 21-year-old participants of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. We used multi-level models to describe food weight and eating speed and, as exemplar analyses, examined the relationship of eating behaviours with body mass index (BMI), dietary composition (fat content) and genotypic variation (the FTO rs9939609 variant). Using this pilot data, we calculated the sample size required to detect differences in food weight and eating speed between groups of an exposure variable.

Results: All participants were able to use the Mandometer effectively after brief training. In exemplar analyses, evidence suggested that obese participants consumed more food than those of "normal" weight (i.e., BMI 19 to <25 kg/m2) and that A/A FTO homozygotes (an indicator of higher weight) ate at a faster rate compared to T/T homozygotes. There was also some evidence that those with a high-fat diet consumed less food than those with a low-fat diet, but no strong evidence that individuals with medium- or high-fat diets ate at a faster rate.

Conclusions: We demonstrated the potential for assessing eating weight and speed in a short-term home setting and combining this with information in a research setting. This study may offer the opportunity to design interventions tailored for at-risk eating behaviours, offering advantages over the “one size fits all” approach of current failing obesity interventions.
Impact of baseline cases of cough and fever on UK COVID-19 diagnostic testing rates: estimates from the Bug Watch community cohort study
Authors: Eyre Max T. , Burns Rachel , Kirkby Victoria , Smith Catherine , Denaxas Spiros , Nguyen Vincent , Hayward Andrew , Shallcross Laura , Fragaszy Ellen , Aldridge Robert W.
Published: January 2021

Background: Diagnostic testing forms a major part of the UK’s response to the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic with tests offered to anyone with a continuous cough, high temperature or anosmia. Testing capacity must be sufficient during the winter respiratory season when levels of cough and fever are high due to non-COVID-19 causes. This study aims to make predictions about the contribution of baseline cough or fever to future testing demand in the UK.

Methods: In this analysis of the Bug Watch community cohort study, we estimated the incidence of cough or fever in England in 2018-2019. We then estimated the COVID-19 diagnostic testing rates required in the UK for baseline cough or fever cases for the period July 2020-June 2021. This was explored for different rates of the population requesting tests, four COVID-19 second wave scenarios and high and low baseline cough or fever incidence scenarios.

Results: Under the high baseline cough or fever scenario, incidence in the UK is expected to rise rapidly from 250,708 (95%CI 181,095 - 347,080) cases per day in September to a peak of 444,660 (95%CI 353,084 - 559,988) in December. If 80% of these cases request tests, testing demand would exceed 1.4 million tests per week for five consecutive months. Demand was significantly lower in the low cough or fever incidence scenario, with 129,115 (95%CI 111,596 - 151,679) tests per day in January 2021, compared to 340,921 (95%CI 276,039 - 424,491) tests per day in the higher incidence scenario.

Conclusions: Our results show that national COVID-19 testing demand is highly dependent on background cough or fever incidence. This study highlights that the UK’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic must ensure that a high proportion of people with symptoms request tests, and that testing capacity is sufficient to meet the high predicted demand.
Recreating Daṇḍin’s Styles in Tamil
Authors: D’Avella Victor B.
Published: January 2021

In Sanskrit poetics, the defining characteristics of poetry, its very life breath, are the guṇas, ‘qualities’. They make up the phonetic and syntactic fabric of poetic language without which there would be nothing to further to ornament. Many of these intimate features are by necessity specific to the Sanskrit language and defined in terms of its peculiar grammar including phonology and morphology. In the present article, I will describe what happens to four of these guṇas when they are transferred to the Tamil language in the Taṇṭiyalaṅkāram, a close adaptation of Daṇḍin’s Kāvyādarśa. I wish to demonstrate that the Tamil Taṇṭi did not thoughtlessly accept the Sanskrit model but sought, in some cases, to redefine the qualities so that they are meaningful in the context of Tamil grammar and its poetological tradition. A partial translation of the Tamil text is included.
Cater to Thy Client: Analyst Responsiveness to Institutional Investor Attention
Authors: Chiu Peng-Chia , Lourie Ben , Nekrasov Alexander , Teoh Siew Hong
Published: January 2021

We study how institutional investor attention to a firm affects the timeliness of analysts’ forecasts for that firm. We measure abnormal institutional attention (AIA) using Bloomberg news search activity for the firm on earnings announcement days. We find that analysts issue more timely forecasts when AIA is high on the earnings announcement day. Analyst responsiveness to AIA is stronger when analysts have more resources and experience and weaker when the AIA of other covered firms is high. Analysts who respond more to AIA are more likely to be named all-star analysts and less likely to be demoted to a smaller brokerage. We address endogeneity concerns using a measure of expected AIA that is unaffected by concurrent information. Our findings suggest that responsiveness to institutional attention influences the production of analyst research and analysts’ career outcomes.

This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting.
An assessment of the reproduction, predation, and nesting behavior of Sulawesi Masked-owl (Tyto rosenbergii) in oil palm plantation: A case study of West and Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Mulyana Ade Nendi , PRIYAMBODO SWASTIKO , TRIWIDODO HERMANU , HENDARJANTI HENNY , SAHARI BANDUNG
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Mulyana AN, Proyambodo S, Triwidodo H, Hendarjanti H, Sahari B. 2020. An assessment of the reproduction, predation, and nesting behavior of Sulawesi Masked-owl (Tyto rosenbergii) in oil palm plantation: A case study of West and Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5685-5689. The quality and quantity of yield in palm plantations are reduced due to inevitable factors such as pests, diseases, and weeds. Furthermore, owls (Tytonidae) play a role as potential predators to control rats, the major pest. Therefore, this study aims to observe the reproduction patterns, predation, and nesting behavior of Tyto rosenbergii. To achieve this, direct observation and the installation of a camera trap in the nest box was adopted. Furthermore, a predation test was carried out by feeding the owls with rats daily in a cage measuring 4m x 8m x 6m. The results showed that the number of eggs produced ranged from 2 to 6, with an average of 3.85. Also, the Percentage of hatching ranges between 0-100% with an average of 80.77%, and that of chicks that survive to the fully feathered is 51%. In addition, T. rosenbergii was able to prey on 1-4 rats per night, and its activity mostly occurs outside the cage than inside, except when they had a reproductive season.
Phylogeographic and molecular characterization of Pronghorn spiny lobster (Panulirus penicillatus Olivier, 1791) in the Southern Coast of Java and Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Irwani  , Diah Permata Wijayanti  , SATRIA ANINDIA WIRA , SABDONO AGUS
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Irwani, Wijayanti DP, Satria AW, Sabdono A. 2020. Phylogeographic and molecular characterization of Pronghorn spiny lobster (Panulirus penicillatus Olivier, 1791) in the Southern Coast of Java and Lombok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5691-5697. Panulirus penicillatus is one of the most important lobster species in Central Java. It is one of the most populous species in the southern part of Java and Lombok. However, uncontrolled catching causes a decrease in the population of P. penicillatus. Despite such human threats, information about the taxonomic status of this species is limited. Several previous reports on the taxonomy of this species have always been based on the morphological features that cause ambiguous identification. Therefore, this study aimed to establish the relationships of P. penicillatus in southern parts of the southern part of Java and Lombok by using the molecular technique. Twelve samples were collected from four study areas of the southern coast of the southern part of Java and Lombok and identified using DNA barcoding technique. DNA barcoding technique was used for the first time to identify P. penicillatus in this region. This study demonstrated that all specimens belonged to P. penicillatus. However, one specimen (PPK-06) showed high intraspecies nucleotide divergence that formed a distinct subclade. Therefore, the specimen (PPK-06) could represent a cryptic species within P. penicillatus that needs to be studied further.
Short Communication: Antibacterial potential of Actinomycetes isolated from mangrove sediment in Tanjung Api-Api, South Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Rozirwan ROZIRWAN , Muda Hebbri Iskandar , Ulqodry Tengku Zia
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Rozirwan, Muda HI, Ulqodry TZ. 2020. Short Communication: Antibacterial potential of Actinomycetes isolated from mangrove sediment in Tanjung Api-Api, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5723-5728. Actinomycetes play an important role in the decomposition process of organic matter in mangrove sediments. This study was carried out to identify and evaluate the antagonistic activity of actinomycetes from mangrove sediment against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Identification of actinomycetes was performed based on morphological dan physiological characters. The antagonistic test was carried out against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. A total of ten isolates had been successfully isolated and grouped into eight genera, including; Oerskovia H1, Micrococcus H2, Nocardia H3, Sporichtya H5, Corynebacterium H6, Jonesia H7, Actinomyces H10, and Streptomyces H8, H11, H12. Actinomycetes from mangrove sediment were gram-positive bacillus. The shape of the colony varied from circular to filamentous and irregular, with medium and large colony sizes. The colony appears white or yellow. The surface is convex and flat, aerobes and facultative anaerobes; capable of fermenting glucose. Five isolates have very strong growth inhibition activity against E. coli: Nocardia H3 (27.81mm ± 1.39), Actinomycetes H10 (27.75mm ± 2.48), Corynebacterium H6 (27.69mm ± 2.39), Micrococcus H2 (18.55mm ± 2.44), and Streptomyces H8 (17.92mm ± 2.70) while Streptomyces H8 (24.83mm ± 2.08), and Actinomycetes H10 (16.06mm ± 2.49) were active against S. aureus.
Diversity, density and distribution of termites in housing complexes in Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Pratiknyo Hery , HARYANTO TRISNO , APRIYANTO DWI NURCAHYO
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Pratikno H, Haryanto T, Apriyanto DN. 2020. Diversity, density, and distribution of termites in housing complexes in Purwokerto City, Central Java Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5729-5735. Termite attacks have detrimental effects on buildings and incur considerable costs. The rapid development of housing complex in Purwokerto City, Central Java Province, Indonesia urges an investigation on the occurrence of termite attacks. This research aimed to identify the diversity of termite species, its spatial distribution and its density on a variety of wood on housing complexes in Purwokerto City and the surrounding areas. The context of this study focused on wood species commonly used by the developers, namely albasia (Paraserianthes falcataria), which is commonly used for the upper ceiling, bangkirai (Shorea laevifolia) for poles and door/window frames, and teak (Tectona grandis) which is often used for door and window boards. We used bait techniques with the rationale that it is cheap and environmentally friendly as well as accurate. Four housing complexes in four subdistricts were randomly selected stratified based on four altitude ranges (<100 m, 100 m, 200 m, and 300 m). In each selected housing complex wood baits of three durability types (i.e. albasia, bangkirai and teak) were installed, each measuring 30 cm x 2 cm x 2 cm with five replications. Data of termite species, spatial distribution of termite species, and individual density in each housing complex were recorded after three months since the wood baits were stockpiled. Microclimate variables during the study were also recorded. The differences in density across housing complexes and the three types of wood were tested using ANOVA and continued with Duncan's test. The results showed three species of termites attacked wood baits, namely Microtermes insperatus, Macrotermes gilvus, and Odontotermes javanicus, all belong subterranean termite group. M. insperatus and O. javanicus had specific spatial distribution without overlapping zone among the two, while M. gilvus was the most adaptable and widely distributed in all housing complexes (<100-300 m asl.) regardless of the durable quality of the wood. There was significant difference in termite attacks across housing complexes with Ketapang housing complex in Sokaraja Subdistrict (<100 m asl.) was most frequently attacked. Conversely, there were no significant differences in termite attacks across the three types of wood (i.e. albasia, bangkirai, and teak).
A revised checklist of mosquitoes Genus Coquillettidia Dyar, 1905 (Diptera: Culicidae) from Indonesia with key to species
Authors: Nugroho Sidiq Setyo , Mujiyono Mujiyono , Ayuningrum Fahmay Dwi , Setiyaningsih Riyani , Astuti Upiek Ngesti Wibawaning
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Nugroho SS, Ayuningrum FD, Setyaningsih RS, Astutu UNW. 2020. A revised checklist of mosquitoes Genus Coquillettidia Dyar, 1905 (Diptera: Culicidae) from Indonesia with key to species. Biodiversitas 21: 5772-5777. Mosquito species from Genus Coquillettidia are mostly found in Afrotropic Region, with some species distributed in the Oriental and Australasian Region including Indonesia. Some species are confirmed as the vector for human pathogens. As previous research stated that up to 1981, there were eight species of Coquillettidia that have been on the checklist of mosquitoes in Indonesia. Nowadays, eleven Coquillettidia species present in Indonesia entirely included in Subgenus Coquillettidia. Three species were added to the checklist, namely Cq. fuscopteron Theobald, Cq. novochracea Barraud, and Cq. xanthogaster Edwards. Research and publication about Genus Coquillettidia in Indonesia are still rare, besides that, the identification key of Coquillettidia female mosquito in Indonesia has never been published before. This paper intended to deliver information about the species checklist and distribution of Genus Coquillettidia in Indonesia and provide a species identification key for female mosquitoes.
Short Communication: Leptospirosis control based on eco-social factors: Modeling combination in Demak, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Djati Rr Anggun Paramita , Kusnoputranto Haryoto , Suyud Warno Utomo  , Sakundarno Mateus , Pandji Wibawa Dewabrata  , Fuad Habiburrachman Alfian Houzaeri , Wicaksono Mochammad Arief
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Djati RRAP, Kusnoputanto H, Utomo SW, Sakundarno M, Dewabrata PW, Duad HAH, Wicaksono MA. 2020. Short Communication: Leptospirosis control based on eco-social factors: Modeling combination in Demak, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5818-5828. Ecological habitats and niches of leptospirosis as one of the environmental-based diseases need to be explored in an in-depth study based on eco-social analysis. The objective of this study was to develop an integrated leptospirosis control model based on eco-social factors. The location of the study was in Demak districts, Indonesia. Geographic coordinate data of cases during 2008-2018 were determined from the survey results of District Health Offices. Climatic and environmental data were obtained from Indonesian Meteorological, Climatological, Geophysical and Geospatial Information Agencies. Data on social factors were obtained by interviewing diseased persons using in-depth interview. Recorded cases and corresponding point location environmental data were then analyzed using ArcGIS and MaxEnt programs. Social network analysis was used to describe the factors involved in efforts to control leptospirosis and the relationship. The model predicted that the intervention was biological control, which had the highest leverage to reduce the morbidity rate. Health workers played an important role in efforts to control leptospirosis, although they were supported by self-supporting roles of the community. Management and control of natural and socio-environmental risk factors are very important. Combination model based on eco-social approach would be a useful tool to design and implement appropriate leptospirosis control.
Characteristics of Sediment at Littoral Zone of Anoi Itam Beach (Eastern Weh Island, Indonesia) Based on Seasonal Changes
Authors: Purnawan Syahrul , Karina Sofyatuddin , Ayudia Rizka V , Ilhamsyah Yopi , Setiawan Ichsan
Published: January 2021

Anoi Itam Beach (AIB), located in the eastern part of  Weh Island, has the sediment characteristic of dark-sand color. Climatologically, the beach is influenced by two seasons, i.e., south-west (SW) monsoon and northeast (NE) monsoon. Sediment data are collected in the upper and lower littoral zones that are divided into six stations alongshore. Data were collected on October 2016 and April 2017, representing post (SW) monsoon and post-NE monsoon events. To examine the effect of seasonal, sediments statistics, e.g., mean, sorting, skewness, and kurtosis, have been calculated. AIB was characterized as well sorted to poorly sorted sediment. Sediments were identified as mesokurtic in October, varied to leptokurtic and platikurtic in upper littoral and lower littoral, respectively, in April. Grain size in both upper and lower littoral had increased from October to April. The impact on sediment sortation was minor due to the seasonal difference. Sediments in the upper littoral vary slightly skewed than lower littoral, which response to a more positively skewed during seasonal change from SW-monsoon to NE monsoon. The results suggested that lower littoral provide high variability of sediment characteristics depend on the season.
Traditional Acehnese House: Constructing Architecture by Responding to the Power of Nature in Relation to the Local Wisdom Values
Authors: Izziah Izziah , Sari Laina Hilma , Meutia Erna , Irwansyah Mirza
Published: January 2021

The existence of traditional houses in Banda Aceh has been extinguished in modern times. With globalization's impact, the traditional house connotates as ‘old house style,’ and thus, the house style is not up to date. A large number of house owners demolish them and reconstruct them with new modern houses. Despite that, it is approved that the traditional houses of Aceh were survived the earthquake that frequently hit the region. As Banda Aceh is one of the regions resided on Sumatran's segment, the region has a large number of earthquakes.  This paper, which is part of the previous study on the thermal comfort of traditional and modern houses in Aceh, explores a historical architectural example that reveals local experiences that involve local wisdom and expertise. This paper focuses on a traditional house located in a modern housing neighborhood in Banda Aceh city. In doing this, the paper identifies how Acehnese ancestors, through their local knowledge, have constructed a traditional Acehnese house. The article also shows how its architectural form's construction techniques respond to the region's geographical condition. In constructing this study, interview and observation toward the building as primary data collections are conducted. Also, several written sources, as secondary data, related to an Acehnese traditional house, are reviewed. This paper shows that constructing a conventional house is a responsive architecture toward hot climate and earthquake. Therefore, this architectural building type with the local wisdom value's involvement is worthy of being applied and adapted in modern life.
High-average-power and High-pulse-energy CEP-stable few-cycle Pulses: Status of the ELI-ALPS HR2 Laser System
Authors: Hädrich Steffen , Shestaev Evgeny , Walther Nico , Nagy Tamas , Simon Peter , Blumenstein Andreas , Klenke Arno , Klas Robert , Buldt Joachim , Stark Henning , Gebhardt Martin , Breitkopf Sven , Jójárt Péter , Seres Imre , Várallyay Zoltán , Börzsönyi Ádám , Eidam Tino , Limpert Jens
Published: January 2021

Multi-mJ, 10fs pulses at average powers beyond 300W are generated by compression of of an Yb-fiber-CPA in a 6m long stretched capillary. CEP stabilization of the CPA system yields ~220mrad at 1.1kW of average power.
Self-Frequency-Doubling Nd:LGSB Laser Passively Q-switched by Cr4+:YAG Saturable Absorber
Authors: Brandus Catalina-Alice , Greculeasa Madalin , Broasca Alin , Voicu Flavius , Gheorghe Lucian
Published: January 2021

A self-frequency-doubling Nd:LGSB laser passively Q-switched by Cr4+:YAG saturable absorber is demonstrated. The device is delivering 531-nm green pulses with 163 nJ energy and 4.4-ns duration at 29 kHz repetition rate.
Sub-20 fs high-energy pulse generation at 515 nm with 50 W of average power
Authors: Klas Robert , Buldt Joachim , Stark Henning , Kirsche Alexander , Gebhardt Martin , Rothhardt Jan , Limpert Jens
Published: January 2021

A nonlinear compression of 515 nm pulses resulting in 17.8 fs-, 50 µJ-pulses at 1 MHz, 50 W average power and near diffraction limited beam quality is presented.
First Demonstration of Laser Operation in Tm3+:BaY2F8 near 2.3 μm
Authors: Muti Abdullah , Baylam Isınsu , Tonelli Mauro , Sennaroglu Alphan
Published: January 2021

We report, for the first time to our knowledge, continuous-wave operation of a Tm3+:BaY2F8 laser near 2.3 µm for two orthogonal pumping orientations, resulting in a broad 152-nm tuning range from 2233 to 2385 nm.
10.4 kW 12-channel ultrafast fibre laser
Authors: Müller M. , Aleshire C. , Stark L. H. , Buldt J. , Steinkopff A. , Haddad E. , Legare F. , Klenke A. , Tünnermann A. , Limpert J.
Published: January 2021

We present a twelve-channel coherently-combined ultrafast fibre laser delivering 10.4 kW average power at 80 MHz repetition rate with 254 fs pulse duration and excellent beam quality (M2 ≤ 1.2). Further power scaling is discussed.
Q-switching instability in Kerr-lens mode-locked lasers
Authors: Kimura Shota , Tani Shuntaro , Kobayashi Yohei
Published: January 2021

We investigated Q-switching stability limits of Kerr-lens mode locking theoretically and experimentally. We found critical parameters to suppress Q-switching in Kerr-lens mode-locked lasers.
Optomechanical laser for inertial sensing
Authors: Wisniewski Hayden , Richardson Logan , Laurain Alexandre , Hines Adam , Guzman Felipe
Published: January 2021

We present proof-of-concept results in the development of inertially sensitive optomechanical lasers. These devices consist of Vertical-External-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers that are combined with monolithic fused silica mechanical resonators. External accelerations are directly transcribed onto corresponding changes in the laser frequency, thus providing direct frequency-based inertial measurements.
Frontiers of Ultrafast Mid-IR Lasers Based on Polycrystalline TM:II-VI Semiconductors
Authors: Vasilyev S. , Smolski V. , Moskalev I. , Peppers J. , Mirov M. , Barnakov Y. , Martyshkin D. , Fedorov V. , Mirov S. , Gapontsev V.
Published: January 2021

We give an overview of recent experimental results on mid-IR femtosecond lasers and optical frequency combs based on TM:II-VI media providing access to few-cycle pulses with Watt-level power over 2–20 µm spectral range.
High Energy Mechanically Q-switched 2.94 μm Er:YAG Laser
Authors: Karki Krishna , Fedorov Vladimir , Martyshkin Dmitry , Mirov Sergey
Published: January 2021

We report the mechanically Q-switched 2.94 µm Er: YAG laser with a record 350 mJ output energy at 3 Hz repetition rate with 160 ns pulse duration and ~10 ns pulse jitter for fine synchronization of pulses.
Closing In on Mid-IR Pulsed All-Fiber Lasers Based on Saturable Absorbers
Authors: Paradis Pascal , Fortin Vincent , Dussardier Bernard , Vallée Réal , Bernier Martin
Published: January 2021

Novel schemes are proposed for building an all-fiber mode-locked laser cavity operating at 2.8 microns based on a heavily erbium-doped fluoride fiber bounded by a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror and a fiber Bragg grating.
Sub-ns, High Energy, Passively Q-switched Laser at 1.3 µm
Authors: Georgiev Kaloyan , Georgieva Desislava N. , Trifonov Anton , Buchvarov Ivan
Published: January 2021

We present a sub-ns (733 ps), high energy (> 0.5 mJ), high peak power (~1 MW), longitudinally-diode pumped, passively Q-switched Nd+3: YAP/V+3: YAG miniature laser oscillator at 100-125 Hz, generating a single mode beam at 1342 nm.
High-Power Faraday Isolator for Mid-IR Radiation Based on ZnSe Polycrystals
Authors: Mironov E.A. , Palashov O.V. , Snetkov I.L. , Balabanov S.S.
Published: January 2021

ZnSe-based Faraday isolator has been developed. The ability of the device operation at a wavelength of 2 µm and a power up to 200 W with the isolation ratio of 25 dB has been demonstrated.
Femtosecond Pulse Generation Using Laser Written Zebra Patterned Graphene with Adjustable Loss
Authors: Morova Yagiz , Serin Onur , Bae Ji Eun , Rotermund Fabian , Sennaroglu Alphan
Published: January 2021

We describe a laser written, zebra patterned graphene saturable absorber with different ablation duty cycles, which works as a mode-locker with adjustable loss and demonstrate femtosecond pulse generation near 1250 nm with improved power performance.
Plastic Deformation as the Nature of Femtosecond Laser Writing of Waveguides in a YAG crystal
Authors: Okhrimchuk Andrey G. , Fedotov Sergey S. , Butvina Leonid N.
Published: January 2021

Fluctuations of nonlinear transmittance is studied under conditions of the direct laser writing. A model of femtosecond laser writing in crystals is proposed, which includes three modes of plastic deformation in the laser impact zone
Surface plasmon resonance mediated random lasing in thin film metamaterials
Authors: Tiwari Anjani Kumar , Kumar Rajesh , Ramakrishna S. Anantha
Published: January 2021

We demonstrate efficient random lasing from periodic gratings decorated with silver nanograins. The propagating surface plasmon resonances of periodic nanograins control the pump coupling, which eventually regulates the random lasing properties of the system.
Two-Photon Lithography of the Biopolymer Chitosan
Authors: Rani Sweta , Jaiswal Arun , Singh Gaurav Pratap , Saxena Sumit , Shukla Shobha
Published: January 2021

We have demonstrated the fabrication of microstructures in a naturally derived, biodegradable, non-toxic polymer, chitosan, using two-photon lithography. The fabricated structure can be employed in applications ranging from biology to nano-photonics.
Resonant Enhanced Third-Harmonic Generation in A Photonic Hyper-crystal
Authors: Buranasiri Prathan , Wicharn Surawut
Published: January 2021

We numerically demonstrated an efficient third-harmonic generation (THG) in photonic hypercrystal. We found that the highest THG conversion efficiencies is obtained due to strong localized field of surface wave and light confinement from Bragg reflection.
Humidity dependent tunable four-wave mixing in fundamental and first-order mode of gelatin-coated nonlinear fiber
Authors: Chatterjee Sudip K. , Khan Saba N.
Published: January 2021

The hydrophilic effect in specially designed gelatin-coated chalcogenide-silica step-index fiber is exploited to design tunable fiber-optic parametric sources in the visible to mid-IR wavelength range with a tuning rate of ~ 1.8 THz/%RH.
Silicon wafer dicing technique
Authors: Vanagas E. , Gofman R. , Strumskis S.
Published: January 2021

Laser dicing technique – rapid (in the range 300-1000 mm/s), one pass process for semiconductor devices formed on silicon substrates. The technique allows straight and curved “clean” cleaving of silicon. © 2020 The Author(s).
Femtosecond Laser-Induced Nanotopography in Silicon
Authors: Romashevskiy S. A.
Published: January 2021

Nanotopography features of silicon induced by single femtosecond laser pulses at minimally disruptive intensities in different environments are reported. The specific nanoscale patterns present the first structural response to the ultrafast heating.
Saturable absorption properties of As2Te3 for ultrafast fiber lasers at 1.9 µm
Authors: Lee Jinho , Lee Ju Han
Published: January 2021

We investigated the nonlinear absorption properties of As2Te3 with the Z-scan technique. Its nonlinear-absorption coefficient was measured at -3.7 × 104 cm/GW. Using an As2Te3-based saturable absorber, mode-locked pulses were obtained at 1911.4 nm.
Effect of pulse interval and pulse numbers on the formation of laser-induced periodic nanostructures
Authors: Miyagawa Reina , Ohgai Tetsuyuki , Eryu Osamu
Published: January 2021

Femtosecond-laser-induced periodic nanostructures are formed by superimposed laser pulses. Some formation mechanisms have been proposed, however the detailed mechanism, especially dynamics, are still not clear. In this study, we investigated the effect of pulse interval and number of pulses on the LIPSS formation onto GaAs an Si substrates. Laser pulses with shorter interval of 10μs(100kHz) formed LIPSS at smaller number of laser pulses compared with the longer interval of 0.42s(2.4Hz). And period of the LIPSS shortened with increasing the pulse number.
Refined Sellmeier equation for the extraordinary wave in MgO doped stoichiometric LiTaO3
Authors: Umemura Nobuhiro , Nakahara Yasuhiro , Hirohashi Junji , Furukawa Yasunori
Published: January 2021

We report the experimental results for the temperature-dependent quasi-phase-matched SHG, SFG, and OPG wavelengths of periodically poled 1.0 mol.% MgO doped stoichiometric LiTaO3 in the 0.308-4.87 m range. The refined Sellmeier equation for the extraordinary wave of MgO:SLT, which can reproduce well our observed values at 22℃ is presented. In addition, the temperature tuning curves of these quasi-phase-matching conditions were also obtained between 22℃ and 160℃.
Precise Laser Cutting of Ceramic Matrix Composites using Short Pulse Hybrid ArF Laser
Authors: Kamba Yasuhiro , Igarashi Hironori , Onose Takashi , Murakami Yoshihiko , Oizumi Hiroaki , Miura Taisuke , Kakizaki Kouji
Published: January 2021

We demonstrated a precise laser machining on SiC/SiC CMC plate using short pulsed hybrid ArF laser at the wavelength of 193 nm. We made 3x3 squared holes with dimension of 0.4×0.4 mm2.
Simplified Model for Studying Inter-modal Four-Wave Mixing in High-Power Yb-Doped Fiber Amplifiers
Authors: Cao Jianqiu , Tian Yuan , Huang Zhihe , Chen Jinbao
Published: January 2021

A simplified model is presented for studying the inter-modal four-wave mixing (IMFWM) effect in high-power Yb-doped fiber amplifiers. Together with IM-FWM, the transverse mode competition is also taken into account in this model.
Minimal Modal Loss Contrast for Single-Mode Oscillation in Multimode Planar Waveguide Lasers
Authors: HadavandMirzaee Fatemeh , Wang Chaofan , Her Tsing-Hua
Published: January 2021

We propose a minimally required modal loss contrast for single-mode oscillation in multimoded waveguide lasers. Our criterion is much weaker than conventional wisdom based on wave propagation which we attribute to a resonator enhancement effect.
Ultra-Low Intensity and Phase Noise Quantum-Dash Dual-Wavelength DFB Laser for 5G Millimeter-Wave Signals
Authors: Zeb K. , Lu Z. G. , Liu J. R. , Mao Y. X. , Liu G. C. , Poole P. J. , Rahim M. , Pakulski G. , Barrios P. , Jiang W. H. , Poitras D. , Zhang X.
Published: January 2021

This paper presents low phase noise optical heterodyne millimeter-wave signals generation and data transmission using an ultra-low noise InAs/InP quantum-dash dual-wavelength DFB laser for potential applications in high capacity 5G mm-wave-over fiber mobile fronthaul links.
Mid-IR Spectroscopic Study of Low-Phonon Er3+ doped BaF2 Single Crystals
Authors: Brown Ei Ei , Fleischman Zackery , McKay Jason , Dubinskii Mark
Published: January 2021

Mid-infrared (3-5 m) spectroscopic properties of Er3+:BaF2 are reported. An analysis of the temperature dependence of the 4.5 m fluorescence lifetime revealed that the 4I9/2 state exhibited a multiphonon relaxation contribution.
Enhancing Tensile Performance of Laser Powder Bed Fusion Stainless Steel Micro-struts Using Femtosecond Laser Micromachining
Authors: Ghosh Abhi , Joy Nithin , Kietzig Anne-Marie , Brochu Mathieu
Published: January 2021

Defect-free precision micromachining of highly rough laser powder bed fusion stainless steel micro-struts was achieved. As a result, the tensile ductility of the micro-struts increased from 54 ± 3% to 70 ± 2%.
Laser Micromachining of Silicon Surface under Axial Magnetic Field: Nanosecond versus Femtosecond Pulses
Authors: Farrokhi Hamid , Gruzdev Vitaly , Zheng Hongyu , Zhou Wei
Published: January 2021

Influence of axial magnetic field on micromachining of silicon crystals by ultraviolet nanosecond laser pulses is orders-of-magnitude stronger than by near-infrared femtosecond pulses. It suggests substantial improvement of silicon micromachining by ultraviolet nanosecond laser pulses.
Structured Light and Spin Angular Momentum Distributions via Coherent Synthesis
Authors: Lemons Randy , Liu Wei , Frisch Josef C. , Fry Alan , Robinson Joseph , Smith Steve , Carbajo Sergio
Published: January 2021

We present a carrier envelope phase (CEP) stable system capable of arbitrary intensity, phase, and spin angular momentum distributions based on the principles of free-space coherent synthesis.