bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy and mass exchange at an urban site in mountainous terrain – the Alpine city of Innsbruck
Authors: Ward Helen Claire , Rotach Mathias , Gohm Alexander , Graus Martin , Karl Thomas , Haid Maren , Umek Lukas , Muschinski Thomas
Published: January 2022

Abstract. This study represents the first detailed analysis of multi-year near-surface turbulence observations for an urban area located in highly complex terrain. Using four years of eddy covariance measurements over the Alpine city of Innsbruck, Austria, the effects of the urban surface, orographic setting and mountain weather on energy and mass exchange are investigated. In terms of surface controls, findings for Innsbruck are in accordance with previous studies at city-centre sites. The available energy is partitioned mainly into net storage heat flux and sensible heat flux (each comprising about 40 % of the net radiation, Q*, during summer daytimes). The latent heat flux is small by comparison (only about 10 % of Q*) due to the small amount of vegetation present but increases for short periods (6–12 h) following rainfall. Additional energy supplied by anthropogenic activities and heat released from the large thermal mass of the urban surface helps to support positive sensible heat fluxes in the city all year round. Annual observed CO2 fluxes (5.1 kg C m−2 y−1) correspond well to both modelled emissions and expectations based on findings at other sites with a similar proportion of vegetation. The net CO2 exchange is dominated by anthropogenic emissions from traffic in summer and building heating in winter. In contrast to previous urban observational studies, the effect of the orography is examined here. Innsbruck’s location in a steep-sided valley results in marked diurnal and seasonal patterns in flow conditions. A typical valley-wind circulation is observed (in the absence of strong synoptic forcing) with moderate up-valley winds during daytime, weaker down-valley winds at night (and in winter) and near-zero wind speeds around the times of the twice-daily wind reversal. Due to Innsbruck’s location north of the main Alpine crest, south foehn events frequently have a marked effect on temperature, wind speed, turbulence and pollutant concentration. Warm, dry foehn air advected over the surface can lead to negative sensible heat fluxes both inside and outside the city. Increased wind speeds and intense mixing during foehn (turbulent kinetic energy often exceeds 5 m2 s−2) help to ventilate the city, illustrated here by low CO2 mixing ratio. Radiative exchange is also affected by the orography, for example incoming shortwave radiation is blocked by the terrain at low solar elevation. Interpretation of the dataset is complicated by distinct temporal patterns in flow conditions and the combined influences of the urban environment, terrain and atmospheric conditions. The analysis presented here reveals how Innsbruck’s mountainous setting impacts the near-surface conditions in multiple ways, highlighting the similarities with previous studies in much flatter terrain and examining the differences, in order to begin to understand interactions between urban and orographic processes.
Ice nucleating particles from multiple aerosol sources in the urban environment under mixed-phase cloud conditions
Authors: Zhang Cuiqi , Wu Zhijun , Chen Jingchuan , Chen Jie , Tang Lizi , Zhu Wenfei , Pei Xiangyu , Chen Shiyi , Tian Ping , Guo Song , Zeng Limin , Hu Min , Kanji Zamin A.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Ice crystals occurring in mixed-phase clouds play a vital role in global precipitation and energy balance because of the unstable equilibrium between co-existent liquid droplets and ice crystals, which affects cloud lifetime and radiative properties, as well as precipitation formation. Satellite observations proved that immersion freezing, i.e., ice formation on particles immersed within aqueous droplets, is the dominant ice nucleation (IN) pathway in mixed-phase clouds. However, the impact of anthropogenic emission on atmospheric IN in the urban environment remains ambiguous. In this study, we present in situ observations of ambient ice nucleating particle number concentration (NINP) measured at mixed-phase cloud conditions (−30 °C, relative humidity with respect to liquid water RHw = 104 %) and the physicochemical properties of ambient aerosol, including chemical composition and size distribution, at an urban site in Beijing during the traditional Chinese Spring Festival. The impact of multiple aerosol sources such as firework emissions, local traffic emissions, mineral dust and urban secondary aerosols on NINP is investigated. The results show that NINP during the dust event reaches up to 160 # L−1, with an activation fraction (AF) of 0.0036 % ± 0.0011 %. During the rest of the observation, NINP is on the order of 10−1 to 10 # L−1, with an average AF between 0.0001 to 0.0002 %. No obvious dependence of NINP on the number concentration of particles larger than 500 nm (N500) or black carbon (BC) mass concentration (mBC) is found throughout the field observation. The results indicate that mineral dust dominates NINP, although the observation took place at an urban site with high background aerosol concentration. Meanwhile, the presence of atmospheric BC from firework and traffic emissions, along with urban aerosols formed via secondary transformation during heavily polluted periods do not influence the observed INP concentration. Our study corroborates previous laboratory and field findings that anthropogenic BC emission has a negligible effect on NINP, and that NINP is unaffected by heavy pollution in the urban environment under mixed-phase cloud conditions.
Measurement Report: Distinct size dependence and diurnal variation of OA hygroscopicity, volatility, and CCN activity at a rural site in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, China
Authors: Cai Mingfu , Huang Shan , Liang Baoling , Sun Qibin , Liu Li , Yuan Bin , Shao Min , Hu Weiwei , Chen Wei , Song Qicong , Li Wei , Peng Yuwen , Wang Zelong , Chen Duohong , Tan Haobo , Xu Hanbin , Li Fei , Deng Xuejiao , Deng Tao , Sun Jiaren , Zhao Jun
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Organic aerosol (OA) has a significant contribution to cloud formation and hence climate change. However, high uncertainties still exist in its impact on global climate, owing to the varying physical properties affected by the complex formation and aging processes. In this study, the hygroscopicity, volatility, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity, and chemical composition of particles were measured using a series of online instruments at a rural site in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region of China in Fall 2019. During the campaign, the average hygroscopicity of OA (κOA) increased from 0.058 at 30 nm to 0.09 at 200 nm, suggesting a higher oxidation state of OA at larger particle sizes, supported by a higher fraction of extremely low volatile OA (ELVOA) for larger size particles. Significantly different diurnal patterns of κOA were observed between Aitken mode and accumulation mode. For Aitken mode (30–100 nm), the κOA values showed daily minima (0.02–0.07) during daytime, while exhibited a daytime peak (~0.09) in the accumulation mode. Coincidently, a daytime peak was observed for both aged biomass burning organic aerosol (aBBOA) and less oxygenated organic aerosol (LOOA) based on source apportionment, which were attributed to the aging processes and gas-particle partitioning through photochemical reactions. In addition, the fraction of semi-volatile OA (SVOA) was higher at all measured sizes during daytime than during nighttime. These results indicate that the formation of secondary OA (SOA) through gas-particle partitioning can generally occur at all diameters, while the aging processes of pre-existing particles are more dominated in the accumulation mode. Furthermore, we found that applying a fixed κOA value (0.1) could lead to an overestimation of the CCN number concentration (NCCN) up to 12 %–19 % at 0.1 %–0.7 % supersaturation (SS), which was more obvious at higher SS during daytime. Better prediction of NCCN could be achieved by using size-resolved diurnal κOA, which indicates that the size-dependence and diurnal variations of κOA can strongly affect the NCCN at different SS. Our results highlight the need for accurately evaluating the atmospheric evolution of OA at different size ranges, and their impact on the physicochemical properties and hence climate effects.
Atmospheric measurements at Mt. Tai – Part II: HONO budget and radical (ROx + NO3) chemistry in the lower boundary layer
Authors: Xue Chaoyang , Ye Can , Kleffmann Jörg , Zhang Wenjin , He Xiaowei , Liu Pengfei , Zhang Chenglong , Zhao Xiaoxi , Liu Chengtang , Ma Zhuobiao , Liu Junfeng , Wang Jinhe , Lu Keding , Catoire Valéry , Mellouki Abdelwahid , Mu Yujing
Published: January 2022

Abstract. In the summer of 2018, a comprehensive field campaign, with measurements on
HONO and related parameters, was conducted at the foot (150 m a.s.l.) and
the summit of Mt. Tai (1534 m a.s.l.) in the central North China Plain
(NCP). With the implementation of a 0-D box model, the HONO budget with six
additional sources and its role in radical chemistry at the foot station
were explored. We found that the model default source, NO + OH, could only
reproduce 13 % of the observed HONO, leading to a strong unknown source
strength of up to 3 ppbv h−1. Among the additional sources, the
NO2 uptake on the ground surface dominated (∼ 70 %)
nighttime HONO formation, and its photo-enhanced reaction dominated
(∼ 80 %) daytime HONO formation. Their contributions were
sensitive to the mixing layer height (MLH) used for the parameterizations,
highlighting the importance of a reasonable MLH for exploring ground-level
HONO formation in 0-D models and the necessity of gradient measurements. A
ΔHONO/ΔNOx ratio of 0.7 % for direct emissions from
vehicle exhaust was inferred, and a new method to quantify its contribution
to the observations was proposed and discussed. Aerosol-derived sources,
including the NO2 uptake on the aerosol surface and the particulate
nitrate photolysis, did not lead to significant HONO formation, with their
contributions lower than NO + OH. HONO photolysis in the early morning initialized the daytime photochemistry
at the foot station. It was also a substantial radical source throughout the
daytime, with contributions higher than O3 photolysis to OH initiation.
Moreover, we found that OH dominated the atmospheric oxidizing capacity in
the daytime, while modeled NO3 appeared to be significant at night.
Peaks of modeled NO3 time series and average diurnal variation reached
22 and 9 pptv, respectively. NO3-induced reactions contribute 18 % of
nitrate formation potential (P(HNO3)) and 11 % of the isoprene
(C5H8) oxidation throughout the whole day. At night, NO3
chemistry led to 51 % and 44 % of P(HNO3) or the C5H8
oxidation, respectively, implying that NO3 chemistry could
significantly affect nighttime secondary organic and inorganic aerosol
formation in this high-O3 region. Considering the severe O3
pollution in the NCP and the very limited NO3 measurements, we suggest
that besides direct measurements of HOx and primary HOx precursors
(O3, HONO, alkenes, etc.), NO3 measurements should be conducted to
understand the atmospheric oxidizing capacity and air pollution formation in
this and similar regions.
Evaluating uncertainty in sensor networks for urban air pollution insights
Authors: Peters Daniel R. , Popoola Olalekan A. M. , Jones Roderic L. , Martin Nicholas A. , Mills Jim , Fonseca Elizabeth R. , Stidworthy Amy , Forsyth Ella , Carruthers David , Dupuy-Todd Megan , Douglas Felicia , Moore Katie , Shah Rishabh U. , Padilla Lauren E. , Alvarez Ramón A.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Ambient air pollution poses a major global public health
risk. Lower-cost air quality sensors (LCSs) are increasingly being explored
as a tool to understand local air pollution problems and develop effective
solutions. A barrier to LCS adoption is potentially larger measurement
uncertainty compared to reference measurement technology. The technical
performance of various LCSs has been tested in laboratory and field
environments, and a growing body of literature on uses of LCSs primarily focuses on
proof-of-concept deployments. However, few studies have demonstrated the
implications of LCS measurement uncertainties on a sensor network's ability
to assess spatiotemporal patterns of local air pollution. Here, we present
results from a 2-year deployment of 100 stationary electrochemical nitrogen
dioxide (NO2) LCSs across Greater London as part of the Breathe London pilot project (BL). We evaluated sensor performance using collocations with
reference instruments, estimating ∼ 35 % average uncertainty
(root mean square error) in the calibrated LCSs, and identified infrequent,
multi-week periods of poorer performance and high bias during summer months.
We analyzed BL data to generate insights about London's air pollution,
including long-term concentration trends, diurnal and day-of-week patterns,
and profiles of elevated concentrations during regional pollution episodes.
These findings were validated against measurements from an extensive
reference network, demonstrating the BL network's ability to generate robust
information about London's air pollution. In cases where the BL network did
not effectively capture features that the reference network measured,
ongoing collocations of representative sensors often provided evidence of
irregularities in sensor performance, demonstrating how, in the absence of
an extensive reference network, project-long collocations could enable
characterization and mitigation of network-wide sensor uncertainties. The
conclusions are restricted to the specific sensors used for this study, but
the results give direction to LCS users by demonstrating the kinds of air
pollution insights possible from LCS networks and provide a blueprint for
future LCS projects to manage and evaluate uncertainties when collecting,
analyzing, and interpreting data.
Automatic Detection of Plagiarism in Writing
Authors: Davoodifard Mahshad
Published: January 2022

This paper reports on preliminary steps to create an external plagiarism detection tool. I used the PAN-PC-11 data sets and extracted tf-idf scores of text documents and cosine similarity measures between source and suspicious documents to find text overlap. The model was able to successfully create vectors and measure the similarity metrics. However, the algorithm was not extended further to automatically retrieve related documents to follow on the pipeline (converting texts to n-grams for detailed analysis and revealing the best match as a source of plagiarism and evaluating the accuracy of the model). The model produced a matrix of cosine similarity for all the documents, which I used to manually retrieve documents and check for overlap using online tools. While extending the algorithm based on the suggested pipeline would allow for a more accurate evaluation of the model, manual comparison of sample documents provided some validity of the model developed for the present study.
In search for the grave monument of the professor-surgeon E.G. Salishchev (part I)
Authors: Baytinger V. F. , Nekrylov S. A.
Published: January 2022

The paper was prepared by the authors of the two-volume edition “Scientific heritage of E.G. Salishchev”. It is dedicated to the first results of the search for the grave monument of Professor E.G. Salishchev on the site of the cemetery of John the Baptist Convent destroyed in the 30s of the last century. A large volume of archival research was carried out with the involvement of specialists from the State Archives of the Tomsk Region, the Center for Documentation of the Contemporary History of the Tomsk Region and the analysis of scientific research works of the Tomsk Regional Museum of Local Lore named after M.B. Shatilov on this topic. Some discrepancies between archival information and official information were revealed.
Faktor-Faktor Pemilihan Karir Sebagai Akuntan Publik
Authors: Viriany Viriany , Wirianata Henny
Published: January 2022

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of financial rewards, professional training, social values, professional recognition, work environment and market considerations on career interest as a public accountant. This study uses primary data with 137 respondents consisting of final year students in the S1 Accounting study program, Faculty of Economics and Business at Tarumanagara University. The results of the study found that in addition to the professional recognition variable, other variables have an influence on career interest as a public accountant.
 
Key words : career interest as a public accountant.
 
Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh penghargaan finansial, pelatihan profesional, nilai-nilai sosial, pengakuan profesional, lingkungan kerja dan pertimbangan pasar terhadap minat berkarir sebagai akuntan publik. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dengan 137 responden yang terdiri dari mahasiswa tingkat akhir di program studi S1 Akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis di Universitas Tarumanagara. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa selain variabel pengakuan profesional maka variabel lainnya mempunyai pengaruh terhadap minat berkarir sebagai akuntan publik.
 
Kata kunci: Minat berkarir sebagai akuntan publik.
PENGARUH BAGI HASIL, SIZE, FDR, DAN BI 7-DAY REPO RATE TERHADAP PENGHIMPUNAN DANA PIHAK KETIGA BANK UMUM SYARIAH DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2014-2019
Authors: Musrifah Farida , Mariana Mariana
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this research is to determine the effects from profit sharing, bank size, FDR, and Bi 7-Day Repo Rate on the collection of thirdparty funds at islamic commercial banks in Indonesia period 2014-2019. The method of analysis used in this research is Multiple Linear Regression model. The sample of this research was 12 islamic commercial Bank in Indonesia period 2014-2019. The result showed that simultaneously these four variables, namely: profit sharing, bank size, FDR, and Bi 7-Day Repo Rate had effect on the collection of thirdparty fundsat Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia in 2014-2019. While partially the profit sharing has a positive and significant effect on third party funds, the bank size has a positive and significant effect on third party funds, the FDRhas a negative and significant effect on third party funds, and Bi 7-Day Repo Rate doesn’t effect on third party funds
ANALISIS FINANCIAL DISTRESS PADA PT. WIJAYA KARYA DAN PT. ADHI KARYA YANG TERDAFTAR SEBAGAI PERUSAHAAN BUMN INDONESIA
Authors: Darmawan Presly
Published: January 2022

This study aims to provide empirical evidence related to the potential for financial distress experienced by State-Owned Enterprises. Through this research, a description of the potential financial distress experienced by PT Wijaya Karya (Persero) Tbk and PT Adhi Karya (Persero) Tbk can be obtained during the period 2010 - 2019. The Financial distress prediction model uses the Altman Model (Z-Score) and Springate Model (S-Score). The results show that from 2010 – 2019, PT Wijaya Karya (Persero) Tbk is still in a healthy condition so that the possibility of going bankrupt is very small. However, year by year, the condition of PT Wijaya Karya (Persero) Tbk is still in a gray condition where in this condition the company is prone to bankruptcy and experiencing financial problems that must be handled by the company's management appropriately. Meanwhile, PT Adhi Karya (Persero) from 2010 – 2019 showed the potential for financial distress which was strengthened by an unhealthy balance sheet because most of the funding sources came from debt. This study shows that the potential for financial distress arises because of a shift in government policy in development
Research on the Talent Training Mode and Path in Continuing Higher Education Based on Digital Reform
Authors: Huang Jiamin
Published: January 2022

As the digital reform unfolds at an incredible pace, the continuing higher education faces opportunities to transform and upgrade. Although emerging technologies such as 5G, Internet and artificial intelligence are gaining a foothold in continuing education, the continuing higher education must deal with challenges and issues in education orientation, teaching mode, talent training, etc. There is an urgent need of standardized management, reform and development. This paper aims to establish the accurate orientation and staggered development path for continuing education in colleges and universities on the macro, meso and micro levels. On the macro level, it studies the accurate orientation and staggered development path of continuing education in the digital reform era; on the meso level, it explores the standardized management of continuing higher education and reform measures of digital talent training mode; on the micro level, it discusses how to leverage the advantages in colleges and universities, build role models in digital reform education programs and learning bases, reform the standardized management and talent training mode, and propel the high-quality development of continuing higher education.
Paradigma Toleransi Islam Dalam Merespons Kemajemukan Hidup Di Indonesia
Authors: Yenuri Ali Ahmad , Islamy Athoillah , Aziz Muhammad , Muhandy Rachmad Surya
Published: January 2022

This library research intends to identify the foundation and pattern of the Islamic tolerance paradigm that is made by KH. Ahmad Shiddiq in responding to life of life in Indonesia. This type of normative-philosophical research uses the theory of analysis in the form of a typology of religious attitudes (exclusivism, inclusivism, pluralism, eclectism, and universalism). The five typology will be used to identify the foundation and pattern of Ahmad Shiddiq’s paradigm about Islamic tolerance. This research data collection technique uses documentation techniques. Data analysis of this study through three stages in the form of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of the study concluded that the foundation of the Islamic tolerance paradigm KH. Ahmad Shiddiq in responding to the pluralism of the life of the Indonesian people can be found in the two big ideas that he made, namely the idea of ​​ukhuwah and society. In this case, there is a tendency for the pattern of the Epistemological Exclusivism of KH. Ahmad Shiddiq, namely making the foundation of the Islamic teachings in formulating the idea of ​​ukhuwah in the form of Islamic values ​​of Islamiah, Ukhuwah Watonis, and Ukhuwah Basyariah. Meanwhile, the foundation of Islamic teachings in the idea of ​​society in the form of the value of tasamuh, tawasuth, tawazun, and amar makruf nahi munkar. Whereas in the axiological aspects there is a tendency of KH. Ahmad Shiddiq universalism, which is in the objectivity of the idea of ​​ukhuwah and society in the reality of pluralism in Indonesia through various attitudes. First, the accommodation attitude, in the form of willingness to accommodate a variety of opinions (aspiration) from various parties. Second, selective attitude, which is to sort out which is useful and not useful. Third, integrative attitude, namely the willingness to harmonize, record and balance the variety of individual interests, minority groups and majority.
Pedagogía por proyectos en el aula: hacia una inclusión educativa genuina
Authors: García Bolaños Gabriela Lorena
Published: January 2022

Este artículo presenta una experiencia pedagó- gica basada en la implementación de la metodología de Pedagogía por Proyectos, a partir de la cual surge una serie de reflexiones teóricas en torno a la inclusión educativa, las cuales se nutren del diálogo crítico. Se acude a la documentación narrativa para enfocar la justicia curricular bajo los principios de horizontalidad, reflexividad y procesos metacognitivos, con el fin de, visibilizar desigualdades sociales de la cotidianidad escolar. Se concluye que la prácti- ca docente alrededor de la inclusión educativa requiere fundamentarse en estrategias como la interrogación de textos donde las voces de los estudiantes se validad y legitiman. Así mismo, la palabra dicha representa un  anclaje para vincular la vida socioemocional y cultural con los aprendizajes en la escuela y se constituyen en elemento fundamental para el fortalecimiento de la democracia.
Treatment of Hot Wash Liquor using Fly Ash
Authors: Sivamani Selvaraju , Kavya Mutharasu , Vinusha Vignesh
Published: January 2022

Textile industries are the second largest water-consuming industries, next to agriculture. This research is aimed at investigating the utilization of fly ash as a low-cost adsorbent to treat hot wash liquor by employing one factor at a time. Contact time, effluent dosage, pH, mass of adsorbent, temperature, particle size, and agitation speed have been varied to find the optimum conditions for dye removal from hot wash liquor by fly ash. The results from the sorption process show that the maximum dye removal of 56.07% has been obtained at a time of 5 min, an effluent to water ratio of 9:1, pH of 11, an adsorbent dosage of 0.55 g/mL, a temperature of 27 °C, a fly ash particle size of 128 m and an agitation speed of 100 rpm. The analysis of the results was performed through adsorption capacity and percentage colour removal. Hence, the results suggested that fly ash could be used as an effective adsorbent for treating dyehouse effluents.
Preventative role of Selenium in Keshan Disease: A Review
Authors: Rizwan Bahisht , Fatima Sammar , Basharat Shahnai , Liaqat Mishal , Saeed Maham , Javed Waniya
Published: January 2022

Mineral deficiencies have caused severe health consequences in developing countries. Among many other minerals, selenium is also an essential nutritional trace mineral element that is critical to the normal physiology of humans. In 1817, Swedish chemist and physician Jons Jacob Berzelius discovered this element. The US Department of Agriculture has an RDA of 55 μg/day for adults. Regional dietary deficiency of selenium caused Keshan and Kashin-Beck diseases. Keshan disease is endemic congestive cardiomyopathy, characterized by cardiac insufficiency, heart enlargement, arrhythmia, and electrocardiographic modifications. First identified in 1935 in Keshan County, Heilongjiang Province, northeast China. This disease is clinically divided into four categories: acute, subacute, chronic, and latent. However, selenium supplementations to the residents of Keshan disease endemic areas significantly reduced the incidence of KD. Thus, the government decided to apply sodium selenite to growing crops, and the incidence of the disease decreased dramatically.
67 Even Better than the Real Thing? Comparing In-Person and Online Delivery of Simulation-Based Training for Early-Stage Psychiatric Doctors
Authors: Bansal Divija , Tribhowan Nilesh , O’Sullivan Owen P. , Iannelli Hannah
Published: January 2022

COVID-19 required many simulation faculties to provide online alternatives to in-person training. Over this period, our organization pivoted fully to online delivery of mental health simulation-based education (SBE), defined as delivery entirely via a videoconferencing platform to participants remote from one another and the simulation team. SBE can help early-stage psychiatric doctors to bridge educational and clinical practice by providing exposure to a variety of presentations and a safe space to hone communication and de-escalation techniques while encouraging reflective practice

We assessed for any significant differences across several course evaluation measures in a comparison between groups attending in-person and online versions of a simulation course for early-stage psychiatric doctors.

An existing full-day course was adapted for online delivery over a half-day period. It focuses on developing confidence and skills in psychiatric history-taking, mental state examination, risk assessment and formulation, meeting the relevant learning outcomes set by the Royal College of Psychiatrists. It encourages participants to explore consultation dynamics with a key emphasis on communication and human factors skills. Participants for in-person (n = 228) and online deliveries (n = 90) comprised of early-stage psychiatric doctors (core psychiatric trainee, or GP trainee level) based in mental health trusts in South London. Pre- and post-course quantitative data (assessing learners’ confidence, situational awareness, and course satisfaction) using the Human Factors Skills for Healthcare Instrument (HuFSHI) and Course-specific Questions (CSQ) measures were collected and compared across the two delivery formats, that is, in-person and online. Data previously collected from participants attending in-person deliveries were used in the comparison.

Paired-samples t-tests were conducted to determine whether there were any changes in HuFSHI and CSQ scores pre- and post-course. Results indicated that there were significant improvements in HuFSHI scores as well as CSQ scores for both digital delivery and in-person delivery. Large and very large effect sizes were also observed for HuFSHI and CSQ scores, respectively, in both delivery formats. Our data suggest that participants benefited more from in-person delivery across CSQ measures and from digital delivery across HuFSHI measures.

Our understanding of the educational differences between in-person and online mental health SBE is at an early stage. Our data suggest that online mental health SBE potentially represents an effective alternative to in-person delivery. Further research is required to better understand these differences.
ARCHITECTURE OF A GENERATIVE ADVERSARIAL NETWORK AND PREPARATION OF INPUT DATA FOR MODELING GAMMA EVENT IMAGES FOR THE TAIGA-IACT EXPERIMENT
Authors: Dubenskaya J. , Kryukov A. , Demichev A.
Published: January 2022

Very-high-energy gamma ray photons interact with the atmosphere to give rise to cascades ofsecondary particles – extensive air showers (EASs), which in turn generate very short flashes ofCherenkov radiation. This flashes are detected on the ground with Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes(IACTs). In the TAIGA experiment, in addition to images directly detected and recorded by theexperimental facilities, images obtained as a result of simulation are used extensively. Earlier weapplied a machine learning technique called Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) to quicklygenerate images of gamma events for the TAIGA experiment. The initial analysis of the generatedimages showed the applicability of the method, but revealed some features that require additionalrefinement of the network. In particular, it was important to teach the network that in our case imageshave a specific shape and orientation. In this paper we discuss the possibility of improving thegenerated images by preprocessing the training dataset. We also present an example of a GAN builtand trained with these requirements in mind. Testing the results using third-party software showed thatmore than 95% of the generated images were found to be correct, while the generation is quite fast:after training the network creates about 400 event images in 1 second.
PARALLEL ALGORITHM FOR CALCULATING THE WIGNER FUNCTION FOR A QUANTUM SYSTEM WITH A POLYNOMIAL POTENTIAL
Authors: Perepelkin E. , Sadovnikov B. , Inozemtseva N. , Burlakov E. , Polyakova R. , Sysoev P. , Sadovnikova M.
Published: January 2022

The article considers the construction of a parallel algorithm on the GPU computing architecture forfinding the Wigner function of a quantum system with a polynomial potential. A numerical-analyticalmethod for constructing the Wigner function, which is based on calculating the trace of the product ofthe density matrix and the matrix of the Weyl operator, is described. The operators are represented inthe basis of a quantum harmonic oscillator, for which the Moyal equation transforms into the Liouvilleequation. This approach enables to visually analyze the degree of anharmonicity of the system in termsof the off-diagonal elements of the density matrix. The parallel implementation on the GPU massivelyparallel architecture has reduced the calculation time by two orders of magnitude compared to thesingle-threaded version on the x86 architecture.
HEP TIER-2 COMPUTING CENTER: STATUS AND OPERATION
Authors: Kotliar V. , Gusev V. , Kukhtenkov V.
Published: January 2022

RU-Protvino-IHEP site is one of three biggest WLCG Tier-2 centers in Russia. The computinginfrastructure serves for "big four" high energy physics experiments such as Atlas, Alice, CMS, LHCband local experiments at IHEP such as OKA, BEC, radio biology stands and others. In this work thecurrent status of the computing capacities, networking and engineering infrastructure will be shown aswell as the contribution of the grid site to the collaboration experiments.
PERFORMANCE TESTING FRAMEWORK FOR THE ATLAS EVENTINDEX
Authors: Cherepanova E. , Prokoshin F.
Published: January 2022

The ATLAS EventIndex is going to be upgraded in advance of LHC Run 3. A framework for testingthe performance of both the existing system and the new system has been developed. It generatesvarious queries (event lookup, trigger searches, etc.) on sets of the EventIndex data and measures theresponse times. Studies of the response time dependence on the amount of requested data, and datasample type and size, can be performed. Performance tests run regularly on the existing EventIndexand will run on the new system when ready. The results of the regular tests are displayed on themonitoring dashboards, and they can raise alarms in case (part of) the system misbehaves or becomesunresponsive.
APPLICATION PROGRAMMING INTERFACE FOR FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMMING FOR PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS
Authors: Petriakov I. , Gankevich I.
Published: January 2022

There are a huge amount of scientific and commercial applications written with a focus on sequentialexecution. Running such programs on multiprocessor systems is possible, but without takingadvantage of these systems. To execute a program with these capabilities in mind, it is often necessaryto rewrite the program. However, this is not always the best choice. In this work, the possibility ofparallel execution of programs written in functional languages is considered, the principle of operationof the proposed interpreter of a functional programming language is described in detail. As an exampleof functional language was chosen Guile. Parallelism in it is achieved through parallel execution offunction arguments. The result of this work can be used as an example of building programminginterfaces for other programming languages.
DEVELOPMENT OF EFFECTIVE ACCESS TO THE DISTRIBUTED SCIENTIFIC AND EDUCATIONAL E- INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors: Secrieru G. , Bogatencov P. , Degteariov N.
Published: January 2022

The article presents the analysis of approaches and solutions for upgrading of the distributed einfrastructure of NREN RENAM as a key factor for support of research and educational (R&E)activities in Moldova. Special attention is paid to the development of cross-border optical connectionsfor interaction of the national networking infrastructure with the pan-European academic networkGEANT and neighborhood NRENs, the introduction of modern services for support R&E,improvement of national and regional cooperation. The infrastructure upgrade is focused onsupporting a high-bandwidth distributed environment for deploying and operating a wide range ofservices offered to end users by the RENAM-GEANT platform.
DEEP LEARNING APPLICATION FOR IMAGE ENHANCEMENT
Authors: Elaraby A. , Elansary I. , Nechaevskiy A.
Published: January 2022

Recently, deep learning has obtained a central position toward our daily life automation and deliveredconsiderable improvements as compared to traditional algorithms of machine learning. Enhancing ofimage quality is a fundamental image processing task and. A high-quality image is always expected inseveral tasks of vision, and degradations like noise, blur, and low-resolution, are required to beremoved. The deep techniques approaches can significantly and substantially boost performancecompared with classical ones. One of the main research areas where deep learning can make a majorimpact is imaging. This work presents a survey of deep learning on image enhancement and describesits potential for future research.
VIRTUAL RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT NANOHLIT FOR HYBRID NANOSTRUCTURES RESEARCH ON THE HYBRILIT PLATFORM
Authors: Butenko Yu. , Nechaevskiy A. , Rahmonov I. , Streltsova O.
Published: January 2022

The paper describes the main components of the NANOHLIT virtual research environment (VRE),developed as part of the joint MLIT and BLTP JINR project, for physical processes modeling incomplex systems based on Josephson Junctions. VRE is developed and deployed on the basis of theheterogeneous HybriLIT computing platform (LIT JINR). One of the features of the developed VRE isthe use of high-performance calculations on heterogeneous computing platforms. The main goals ofcreating NANOHLIT were to create a convenient research environment for working with models,performing calculations by various groups of researchers and ensuring storage of simulation results.VRE combines convenient web-based tools for creating models, an interface for performingcalculations on the heterogeneous computing platform HybriLIT and tools for results visualizationand analysis.
NARX NEUROMORPHIC SOFTWARE FOR ECG WAVE PREDICTION
Authors: Dima T. , Pitina S.
Published: January 2022

ECG wave prediction with non-linear autoregressive exogenous neuromorphic (NARX) software is anovel method aimed at Holter monitoring and early warning. Such predictions are important incomparing the underlying QRS complex of the ECG-wave with the slowly deteriorating waves (orarrythmia) in cardiac patients. A deep Q-wave for instance (such as 1/4 of the R-wave) is a typicalsign of (inferior wall) myocardial necrosis - associated in most cases with vascular dysfunction. It isimportant to have a rolling predictor - slow ECG wave degradation being normal. A real-timepredictor takes into account a suite of influencing parameters (body temperature, effort, currentmedication, sugar levels, stress, etc), being much better suited in making a call for "normal" vs."anomalous" ECG waves, rather than some outdated reference waves. Although this research is in itsbegining, it shows encouraging results, which clinical studies can conclude as to how effectivethe approach may be.
DATA ANALYSIS PLATFORM FOR STREAM AND BATCH DATA PROCESSING ON HYBRID COMPUTING RESOURCES
Authors: Belov S. , Kadochnikov I. , Korenkov V. , Reshetnikov A. , Semenov R. , Zrelov P.
Published: January 2022

The modern Big Data ecosystem provides tools to build a flexible platform for processing data streams and batch datasets. Supporting both the functioning of modern giant particle physics experiments and the services necessary for the work of many individual physics researchers results in generating and transferring large amounts of semi-structured data. Thus, it is promising to apply cutting-edge technologies to study these data flows and make the services' provisioning more effective. In this work, we describe the structure and implementation of our data analysis platform, built on the Apache Spark cluster. With the official support for GPU computing now available in Spark version 3, we propose a change in the architecture to utilize these more performant resources while keeping the platform's functionality provided by using mainstream Big Data software. Furthermore, the necessity for GPU support entails a change in the computing resource management infrastructure from Apache Mesos to Kubernetes. Finally, to demonstrate the features and operation of the system, we use the task of network packet analysis for security monitoring and anomaly detection in both batch and streammodes.
CONCURRENTLY EMPLOYING RESOURCES OF SEVERAL SUPERCOMPUTERS WITH PARASCIP SOLVER BY EVEREST PLATFORM
Authors: Smirnov S. , Voloshinov V. , Sukhoroslov O.
Published: January 2022

ParaSCIP is rather advanced open-source solver for discrete and global optimization problems. Thissolver is distinguished by that it can run on distributed memory systems and use up to 80,000 cores,solving open problems from the MIPLIB test libraries. Earlier, using this solver, we confirmed theconjecture on optimal packing of nine congruent circles on a square flat torus. The goal of the studywas to increase computing performance by utilizing resources of multiple clusters to solve hardoptimization problem. To do this, we use the previously developed DDBNB application, which allowsto speed up the solution of optimization problems by using coarse-grained parallelization based on astatic decomposition of feasible domain made before solving starts. DDBNB is an application for theEverest distributed computing platform which is responsible for running jobs on heterogeneouscomputing resources (servers, cloud instances, clusters, etc.). As a result, DDBNB, Everest, andParaSCIP had to be modified to make it possible to exchange incumbents (feasible solutions found bythe solver) between several ParaSCIP instances running on different supercomputers. The resultingsystem was benchmarked using three different instances of Traveling Salesman Problem. Thesupercomputers HPC5 of the NRC “Kurchatov Institute” and cHARISMa of the HSE University wereused as computing resources. As a result, for two problem instances, there is an effect, and thespeedup is especially noticeable for a more complex problem. However, for a simpler problem, theexchange of incumbents does not seem to affect the amount of speedup. For the third instance, there isno particular effect, at least no slowdown is observed.
SQL QUERY EXECUTION OPTIMIZATION ON SPARK SQL
Authors: Mozhaiskii G. , Korkhov V. , Gankevich I.
Published: January 2022

Spark and Hadoop ecosystem includes a wide variety of different components and can be integratedwith any tool required for Big Data nowadays. From release-to-release developers of theseframeworks optimize the inner work of components and make their usage more flexible and elaborate.Nevertheless, since inventing MapReduce as a programming model and the first Hadoop releases dataskew has been the main problem of distributed data processing. Data skew leads to performancedegradation, i.e., slowdown of application execution due to idling while waiting for the resources tobecome available. The newest Spark framework versions allow handling this situation easily from thebox. However, there is no opportunity to upgrade versions of tools and appropriate logic in the case ofcorporate environments with multiple large-scale projects development of which was started yearsago. In this article we consider approaches to execution optimization of SQL query in case of dataskew on concrete example with HDFS and Spark SQL 2.3.2 version usage.
VISUALIZATION OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA IN WEB- BASED VIRTUAL REALITY
Authors: Korečko Š. , Vaľa M. , Fekete M.
Published: January 2022

Technological advances in the field of virtual reality and personal computation in general brought usto the era of web-based virtual reality, where virtual environments can be accessed directly from webbrowsers and without the need of installation of any additional software. Such online virtualenvironments seem to be a promising tool for scientific data visualization. When accessed throughappropriate hardware, such as VR headsets, they also offer full immersion and isolation from externalinfluences. In this paper, we present a prototype solution for a histogram visualization in onlinevirtual environments. The prototype, named NDMVR, has been implemented using A-Frameframework for visualization, React.js for compositionality and JSROOT for histogram dataacquisition. Its user interface is primarily adjusted to personal computers and VR headsets.
USAGE OF THE JINR SSO AUTHENTICATION AND AUTHORIZATION SYSTEM WITH DISTRIBUTED DATA PROCESSING SERVICES
Authors: Gavrilov D. , Iachmenev A. , Matveev I. , Oleynik D. , Petrosyan A.
Published: January 2022

The amount of data produced by the scientific community is already measured in tens and hundreds ofpetabytes and will significantly grow in the future. High-throughput computing systems have provento be a solution for handling such data streams. Technologies and a set of products that enable thedeployment and use of important components of a distributed system already exist, are quite stable andsupported. Meanwhile, building a fully functional system, even with existing components, is nottrivial. The Unified Resource Management System is under development at the MeshcheryakovLaboratory of Information Technologies of JINR. This system uses technologies and solutions thatwere developed during the evolution of middleware platforms for the distributed processing of datafrom the LHC experiments, but oriented to JINR-based experiments. The basis for the integration ofcomponents to the system is the usage of a common authentication and authorization service. Thisarticle presents the experience of integrating the CRIC information system and the Airflow-basedworkflow management system with the JINR SSO authentication service.
THE CONCEPT OF TRAINING IT PROFESSIONALS IN THE CROSS-CUTTING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Cheremisina E. , Tokareva N. , Kirpicheva E. , Kreider O. , Milovidova A. , Potemkina S.
Published: January 2022

The emergence of the new generation digital technologies, which were called “cross-cutting” due tothe scale and depth of impact, determined a large-scale transformation of business and social spheremodels. These changes have a strong impact on the content of professional activities: employees arerequired to have new skills and, consequently, new competencies. The rapid digitalization of theeconomy requires qualified experts. Currently there is a severe shortage of IT experts required for thedevelopment of national projects in Russia. Formation of educational programs that meet globaltrends, taking into account the most popular technologies, has the particular importance. Thesetechnologies and their subtechnologies are described in roadmaps created within the framework of thenational program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation”. The report presents a system oftraining highly qualified IT experts in cross-cutting digital technologies at the Institute for SystemsAnalysis and Management (ISAM) of the Dubna State University.
EVENT INDEX BASED CORRELATION ANALYSIS FOR THE JUNO EXPERIMENT
Authors: Lin T.
Published: January 2022

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) experiment is mainly designed todetermine the neutrino mass hierarchy and precisely measure oscillation parameters by detectingreactor anti-neutrinos. The total event rate from DAQ is about 1 kHz and the estimated volume of rawdata is about 2 PB/year. But the event rate of reactor anti-neutrino is only about 60/day. So one of thechallenges for data analysis is to select sparse physics signal events in a very large amount of data,whose volume can not be reduced by using the traditional data streaming method. In order to improvethe speed of data analysis, a new correlated data analysis method has been implemented based onevent’s index data. The index data contain the address of events in the original data files as well as allthe information needed by event selection, which are produced in event pre-processing using theJUNO’s Sniper-based offline software. The index data are subsequently selected by using refinedselection criteria with Spark so that the volume of index data is further reduced. At the final stage ofdata analysis, only the events within the time window are loaded according to the event address in theindex data. A performance study shows that this method achieves a 14-fold speedup compared tocorrelation analysis by reading all the events. This contribution will introduce detailed software designfor event index-based correlation analysis and present performance measured with a prototype system.