bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Akibat Hukum Atas Pembebanan Jaminan Fidusia Terhadap Pembiayaan Konsumen dan Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak (PNBP)
Authors: Rohmah Umdah Aulia , Rahmayanti Dini
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui akibat hukum atas pembebanan jaminan fidusia yang belum didaftarkan terhadap perjanjian pembiayaan konsumen dan Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak (PNBP). Diketahui bahwa sertifikat jaminan fidusia yang telah dikantongi oleh perusahaan pembiayaan dianggap memiliki kekuatan yang sama dengan putusan pengadilan dalam hal hak eksekutorial. Adapun hak eksekutorial tersebut bisa dipergunakan oleh pemegang hak untuk mengeksekusi objek jaminan fidusia atas konsumen yang melakukan wanprestasi. Pada kenyataan lapangannya, masih banyak praktik di mana perusahaan pembiayaan menyewa atau mengandalkan pihak ketiga sebagai pihak yang diminta untuk melaksanakan eksekusi benda dengan jaminan fidusia. Hal tersebut terjadi dikarenakan objek jaminan fidusia tidak didaftarkan oleh perusahaan pembiayaan sehingga tidak mendapatkan sertifikat jaminan fidusia. Oleh karena tidak terdaftarnya objek jaminan fidusia tersebut mengakibatkan tidak optimalnya PNBP serta tidak pastinya penyelesaian piutang pemerintah atas PNBP. Hal tersebut berdampak pada target penerimaan negara yang tidak maksimal serta timbulnya kerugian negara yang berdampak pada tidak lancarannya operasional khususnya pelayanan publik oleh pemerintah terhadap masyarakat yang membutuhkan.
Transformational Style of Leadership and Organisational Citizenship Behaviour: Application in Institutes of Higher Learning
Authors:   Research Scholar, Chitkara Business School, Chitkara University, Punjab, Sharma Rajesh Kumar , Sharma KK ,   Professor, Chitkara University, Punjab
Published: August 2022

In view of the increased competition and need to raise the quality of higher education, the implications of the transformational style of leadership on organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) of academicians working in various Higher Educational Institutes (HEIs) in India need to be researched. The citizenship behaviour of academicians in HEIs is of immense importance to create and maintain a highly positive and engaged learning environment inside the campuses. This type of behaviour among faculty members brings in quality education and wellrounded students as the concerned citizens of the society. Through a thorough study of the literature, this article explored the relationship between TL and the OCB. The review process included scanning through peer-reviewed articles and published books in various databases for relevant content. Numerous researchers have associated TL to enhanced OCB, but studies in HEIs context are limited. Out of various available leadership styles, the study considers transformational style of leadership as the best model for promoting OCB among employees. The findings also show that TL style helps employees work better and improve organisational efficacy and productivity. TL style will always stimulate and inspire teachers to adapt to the emerging learning pedagogy and management of experiential learning. The findings in this paper, indicate that the transformational style of leadership encourages positive change and has a favourable impact on OCB in HEIs. Keywords. Transformational Leadership, Organisational Citizenship Behaviour, Higher Educational Institutes
AN OVERVIEW OF INNOVATIVE PRODUCTS AND TECHNIQUES IN BANKING INDUSTRIES
Authors:   SRM Institute of Science and Technology Department of Commerce, Ramapuram Campus, Chennai, Vijayalakshmi R , Srinivasan J ,   SRM Institute of Science and Technology Department of Commerce, Ramapuram Campus, Chennai
Published: August 2022

The financial area in India has been various changes. The banks are the life savers of the economy and assume a synergist part in enacting and supporting financial development, particularly, in emerging nations and India is no exemption. Driving supporter for GDP in India is Banking Industry. The vast majority of the banks have started to adopt an enhance strategy towards banking, with the target of making more incentive for clients in the banks. Banking in India has previously gone through a gigantic change in the years since freedom. These days we have E Banking framework alongside money notes. India's financial framework can make another instrument alongside liquidity and wellbeing. The Indian financial area where presented appearance of the card, presentation of Electronic Clearing Service (ECS) in 1990's such as “EFT, RTGS, NEFT” versatile banking, web-based banking are the different developments in banking. This paper focuses an outline of advancements in financial area. Keywords: Innovate banking. Challenges of banking, New Technological changes, Indian banking sector
PROPOSED DRAINAGE SYSTEM AND STROM WATER MANAGEMENT STRATEGY
Authors:   Assiatant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, CT University, Ludhiana, India, Singh Er. Navdeep
Published: August 2022

This paper focuses on the provision of drainage systems and stormwater management strategies at CT University. Although engineered infrastructure is a component for drainage of urban runoff, non-structural approaches are important complementary measures, focusing on actions to prevent and mitigate problems related to flooding as well as those related to pollution and deterioration in environmental health conditions. The following will be the analysis taken at CT University to provide solutions to the improper functioning of the drainage system. A participatory approach is recommended within a strategic framework of stormwater planning. Keywords: Storm Drainage system, storm water management, run off.
Physics-Informed Deep Neural Network for Bearing Prognosis with Multisensory Signals
Authors: Chen Xuefeng , Ma Meng , Zhao Zhibin , Zhai Zhi , Mao Zhu
Published: August 2022

Prognosis of bearing is critical to improve the safety, reliability and availability of machinery systems, which provides the health condition assessment and determines how long the machine would work before failure occurs by predicting the remaining useful life (RUL). In order to overcome the drawback of pure data-driven methods and predict RUL accurately, a novel physics-informed deep neural network, named degradation consistency recurrent neural network, is proposed for RUL prediction by integrating the natural degradation knowledge of mechanical components. The degradation is monotonic over the whole-life of bearings, which is characterized by temperature signals. To incorporate this knowledge of monotonic degradation, a positive increment recurrence relationship is introduced to keep the monotonicity. Thus, the proposed model is relatively well-understood and capable to keep the learning process consistent with physical degradation. The effectiveness and merit of the RUL prediction using the proposed method are demonstrated through vibration signals collected from a set of run-to-failure tests.
FIELD DEPENDENT–INDEPENDENT COGNITIVE STYLE AND CREATIVITY FROM THE PROCESS AND PRODUCT-ORIENTED APPROACHES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Giancola Marco , Palmiero Massimiliano , D’Amico Simonetta
Published: August 2022

Creativity is a multifaceted construct that can be defined both in terms of process (e.g.,divergent thinking) and product (e.g., a poem). Across years, it has been related to different cognitive and personality variables, including cognitive styles. The current systematic review aimed to summarize the literature on the relationships between field dependence–independence and creativity, considering both the creative process and creative production approaches. We selected eight studies using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses rules. Findings revealed that a consistent number of studies focused on creative process mainly in terms of divergent thinking instead of convergent thinking, also providing misleading results. Additionally, only two studies focused on creative production, showing that field independents were more creative than field dependents. Given the contradictory results and the paucity of studies, we concluded that the association between field dependence–independence and creativity needs to be further investigated by more accurate empirical explorations. Limitations and future research directions are discussed.
X-Ray Spectroscopy in the Microcalorimeter Era 4: Optical Depth Effects on the Soft X-Rays Studied with Cloudy
Authors: Chakraborty Priyanka , Ferland Gary J. , Chatzikos Marios , Fabian Andrew C. , Bianchi Stefano , Guzmán Francisco , Su Yuanyuan
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we discuss atomic processes modifying the soft X-ray spectra from optical depth effects like photoelectric absorption and electron scattering suppressing the soft X-ray lines. We also show the enhancement in soft X-ray line intensities in a photoionized environment via continuum pumping. We quantify the suppression/enhancement by introducing a “line modification factor (f
mod).” If 0 ≤ f
mod ≤ 1, the line is suppressed, which could be the case in both collisionally ionized and photoionized systems. If f
mod ≥ 1, the line is enhanced, which occurs in photoionized systems. Hybrid astrophysical sources are also very common, where the environment is partly photoionized and partly collisionally ionized. Such a system is V1223 Sgr, an Intermediate Polar binary. We show the application of our theory by fitting the first-order Chandra Medium Energy Grating (MEG) spectrum of V1223 Sgr with a combination of Cloudy-simulated additive cooling-flow and photoionized models. In particular, we account for the excess flux for O vii, O viii, Ne ix, Ne x, and Mg xi lines in the spectrum found in a recent study, which could not be explained with an absorbed cooling-flow model.
The Impact of Cosmic Rays on the Kinematics of the Circumgalactic Medium
Authors: Butsky Iryna S. , Werk Jessica K. , Tchernyshyov Kirill , Fielding Drummond B. , Breneman Joseph , Piacitelli Daniel R. , Quinn Thomas R. , Sanchez N. Nicole , Cruz Akaxia , Hummels Cameron B. , Burchett Joseph N. , Tremmel Michael
Published: August 2022

We use hydrodynamical simulations of two Milky Way–mass galaxies to demonstrate the impact of cosmic-ray pressure on the kinematics of cool and warm circumgalactic gas. Consistent with previous studies, we find that cosmic-ray pressure can dominate over thermal pressure in the inner 50 kpc of the circumgalactic medium (CGM), creating an overall cooler CGM than that of similar galaxy simulations run without cosmic rays. We generate synthetic sight lines of the simulated galaxies’ CGM and use Voigt profile-fitting methods to extract ion column densities, Doppler-b parameters, and velocity centroids of individual absorbers. We directly compare these synthetic spectral line fits with HST/COS CGM absorption-line data analyses, which tend to show that metallic species with a wide range of ionization potential energies are often kinematically aligned. Compared to the Milky Way simulation run without cosmic rays, the presence of cosmic-ray pressure in the inner CGM creates narrower O vi absorption features and broader Si iii absorption features, a quality that is more consistent with observational data. Additionally, because the cool gas is buoyant due to nonthermal cosmic-ray pressure support, the velocity centroids of both cool and warm gas tend to align in the simulated Milky Way with feedback from cosmic rays. Our study demonstrates that detailed, direct comparisons between simulations and observations, focused on gas kinematics, have the potential to reveal the dominant physical mechanisms that shape the CGM.
Magnetohydrodynamic Simulation of Multiple Coronal Mass Ejections: An Effect of “Pre-events”
Authors: Wu Chin-Chun , Liou Kan , Hutting Lynn , Wood Brian E.
Published: August 2022

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are a major source of solar wind disturbances that affect the space plasma and magnetic field environment along their propagation path. Accurate prediction of the arrival of a CME at Earth or any point in the heliosphere is still a daunting task. In this study we explore an often overlooked factor—the effects of “pre-events” that can alter the propagation of a CME due to a preceding CME. A data-driven magnetohydrodynamic numerical model is used to simulate the propagation of multiple CMEs and their driven shocks that occurred in 2012 July. The simulation results are validated with in situ solar wind plasma and magnetic field measurements at 1 au, testing the appropriateness of our simulation results for interpreting the CME/shock evolution. By comparing the simulation results with and without preceding CMEs, we find that the trailing CME can be accelerated by the “wake” of a preceding CME. A detailed analysis suggests that the acceleration is caused partially by an increase in the background solar wind and partially by the so-called “snowplow” effect, with the latter being the major contributor for the 2012 July event.
Evolution of Alfvén Waves in the Solar Wind. Monochromatic Driver
Authors: Alielden Khaled , Taroyan Youra
Published: August 2022

We use a 2.5D magnetohydrodynamic model to investigate the propagation of azimuthally driven Alfvén waves with different periods and their interaction with the solar wind. In the absence of waves, the dipole field is stretched into a helmet streamer by the solar wind. The wind speeds near the equator are lower than those in the mid and high latitudes. Magnetic reconnection in the equatorial plasma sheet regularly triggers a breakup and expulsion of a plasmoid. We next inject monochromatic Alfvén waves with a moderate amplitude of 9 km s−1 and a period of τ = 1000 s at the coronal base. A cavity showing features of forward and backward propagating modes is formed. The backward waves are able to accelerate the background plasma at mid and high latitudes through the nonlinear coupling to compressional waves. The size of the cavity increases with the period of the Alfvén waves as long as the outer boundary remains in the sub-Alfvénic wind. When τ = 4000 s, we find enhanced acceleration and heating of the solar wind plasma as well as suppression of the reconnection in the equatorial plasma sheet. The amplitudes of the backward Alfvén waves remain large inside the cavity and modify its size. The cavity ceases to exist as its outer boundary gradually moves into the super-Alfvénic wind and the large amplitude backward waves are swept away by the wind. Results suggest that Alfvén waves with moderate amplitudes can modify the dynamics and the energetics of the solar wind plasma with the embedded magnetic field.
Survey of Near-infrared Diffuse Interstellar Bands in Y and J Bands. I. Newly Identified Bands
Authors: Hamano Satoshi , Kobayashi Naoto , Kawakita Hideyo , Takenaka Keiichi , Ikeda Yuji , Matsunaga Noriyuki , Kondo Sohei , Sameshima Hiroaki , Fukue Kei , Otsubo Shogo , Arai Akira , Yasui Chikako , Kobayashi Hitomi , Bono Giuseppe , Saviane Ivo
Published: August 2022

We searched for diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) in the 0.91 < λ < 1.33 μm region by analyzing the near-infrared (NIR) high-resolution (R = 20,000 and 28,000) spectra of 31 reddened early-type stars (0.04 < E(B − V) < 4.58) and an unreddened reference star. The spectra were collected using the WINERED spectrograph, which was mounted on the 1.3 m Araki telescope at Koyama Astronomical Observatory, Japan, in 2012–2016, and on the 3.58 m New Technology Telescope at La Silla Observatory, Chile, in 2017–2018. We detected 54 DIBs—25 of which are newly detected by this study—and eight DIB candidates. Using this updated list, the DIB distributions over a wide wavelength range, from optical to NIR, are investigated. The FWHM values of the NIR DIBs are found to be narrower than those of the optical DIBs, on average, which suggests that the DIBs at longer wavelengths tend to be caused by larger molecules. Assuming that the larger carriers are responsible for the DIBs at longer wavelengths, and have larger oscillator strengths, we found that the total column densities of the DIB carriers tend to decrease with increasing DIB wavelength. The candidate molecules and ions for the NIR DIBs are also discussed.
Evaluation of the Dynamics of Breast Cancer Incidence in Kyrgyzstan: Component Analysis
Authors: Chokoev Asan , Akhunbaev Stalbek , Kudaibergenova Indira , Soodonbekov Enverbek , Nurtazinova Gaukhar , Telmanova Zhansaya , Makimbetov Emil , Igissinov Nurbek
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND: In 2020, 19.2 million cases of all types of cancer were registered worldwide, of which 11.7%, that is, 2.3 million, related to breast cancer (BC). The global burden of cancer is increasing worldwide, with the majority of new cancer cases and related deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries.

OBJECTIVE: The study is to conduct a component analysis of the dynamics of the incidence of BC in Kyrgyzstan.

METHODS: Primary data were for registered patients with BC (International Classification of Diseases – C50) in the whole country during the period of 2003–2017. Evaluation of changes in BC incidence in the population of Kyrgyzstan was performed using component analysis according to the methodological recommendations.

RESULTS: The study period, 7850 new cases of BC were recorded. The incidence rate increased from 17.70°/0000 (2003) to 19.03°/0000 in 2017 and the overall growth was 1.34°/0000, including due to the age structure – ΣΔA=2.08°/0000, due to the risk of acquiring illness – ΣΔR=−0.55°/0000 and their combined effect – ΣΔRA=−0.19°/0000. The component analysis revealed that the increase in the number of patients with BC was mainly due to the growth of the population (ΔP=+71.8%), changes in its age structure (ΔA=+35.5%), and changes associated with the risk of acquiring illness (ΔR=+8.4%). The increase and, in some cases, the decrease in the number of patients in the regions of the republic is due to the influence of demographic factors and risk factors for getting sick.

CONCLUSION: The component analysis assessed the role of the influence of demographic factors and the risk of acquiring the disease on the formation of the number of patients and the incidence of BC, while geographical variability was established. The implementation of the results of this study is recommended in the management of anticancer measures for BC.
Analysis of the Epidemiological Situation on the Pneumonia with Signs of Coronavirus Infection among the Population of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Meirkhankyzy Shaizadina Fatima , Eraliyevna Amreyeva Kymbat , Meirkhanovna Zhankalova Zulfiya , Abaevna Dauletkaliyeva Zhaniya , Temiralikyzy Abuova Gaziza , Oryntaevna Alysheva Nessipkul , Maralovna Beisekova Mauza , Makashovna Kamarova Aisulu , Utebayevna Shintayeva Nurzhamal , Zhakenovna Zhienbekova Asem
Published: August 2022

New coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), as well as pneumonia with signs of coronavirus infection, continues to spread around the world, but the epidemiological situation is not the same in different countries.
The aim of the study: to analyze the epidemiological situation of coronavirus infection and pneumonia with signs of coronavirus infection in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Material and methods of the research: retrospective epidemiological analysis of the incidence of coronavirus infection and pneumonia with signs of coronavirus infection in the republic according to official statistical reporting, as well as a statistical analysis of discharge records of patients diagnosed with coronavirus infection (no virus identified) in a small town of Karaganda region was carried out.
Results: An increase in cases, sick persons, recovered persons and lethal cases in population with positive PCR for COVID-19, as well as pneumonia with signs of coronavirus infection in the Republic of Kazakhstan was registered for the period from 08/01/2020 to 12/31/2021. The number of cases of coronavirus increased in 10.93 time, those who recovered – in 15.78 times, deaths – in 16.4 time, respectively. The increase in the number of cases of pneumonia with signs of coronavirus infection also increased in 16.24 time, the number of those who recovered at the beginning of the observation was not established, by the end the number of recovered was 76,989 people, the number of deaths increased in 173.83 time.
Conclusion: An analysis of the discharge records of patients with pneumonia with signs of coronavirus infection revealed that 54.2% of the patients were females and 45.8% were males. The disease was registered in 21.8% of patients older than 60 years in the presence of concomitant diseases. Concomitant diseases were represented in 42% by arterial hypertension, in 26% by ischemic heart disease, in 14% by pyelonephritis. The same percentage of cases (12%) were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and iron deficiency anemia, 11%
Nutrition Education Regarding the Glycemic Index on the Knowledge of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Eliza Eliza , Sumarman Sumarman , Yunianto Andi Eka , Fadly Dzul
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND: Knowledge is one of the keys to diabetes management. Increasing knowledge is an effort to improve their lifestyle to maintain the stability of their blood sugar, one of which is through the media booklet. The booklet is an influential media in nutrition education to improve diabetes mellitus patient knowledge related to the glycemic index.
AIM: This study aims to analyze the effect of nutrition education on the knowledge of DM patients about the glycemic index.
METHODS: It was quantitative research using a quasi-experimental research design, with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The total sample consisted of 46 respondents: A treatment group (23 respondents) and a comparison group (23 respondents). Nutrition education was conducted through poster media in the control group and booklet media in the treatment group, given 3 times for 2 weeks in patients with diabetes. The Mann–Whitney test was used to analyze the respondent’s glycemic index characteristics and intake in the treatment and control, while paired t-test was conducted to determine the difference in the respondents’ level of knowledge before and after the intervention.
RESULTS: The dependent t-test showed a significant difference in the average knowledge before and after the nutritional counseling with booklet media in the treatment group, p = 0.024 (α < 0.005).
CONCLUSION: Nutrition education program regarding the glycemic index through booklet media was the potential to increase patients’ nutritional knowledge.
Revised systematics, phylogeny, and paleontology of the mayfly family Baetiscidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera)
Authors: Staniczek Arnold H. , Storari Arianny P. , Godunko Roman J.
Published: August 2022

The systematics of all known extant and fossil taxa of the mayfly family Baetiscidae is reviewed. Previously described fossil Baetiscidae are critically reviewed and their systematic position is re-evaluated. Added herein is the description of Balticobaetisca bispinatasp. nov., a new fossil mayfly from Eocene Baltic Amber. Also described for the first time is the putative adult of Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek, 2007 from the Cretaceous Crato Formation of Brazil. Based on external morphological characters of nymphs and adults, we present the first integrated cladistic analysis of both fossil and extant Baetiscidae, which revealed the monophyly of the respective fossil and extant genera and their phylogenetic splitting sequence as Cretomitarcys + (Protobaetisca + (Balticobaetisca + Baetisca)).
Species conservation profiles of the endemic spiders Troglohyphantes (Araneae, Linyphiidae) from the Alps and the north-western Dinarides
Authors: Milano Filippo , Borio Luca , Komposch Christian , Mammola Stefano , Pantini Paolo , Pavlek Martina , Isaia Marco
Published: August 2022

The genus Troglohyphantes Joseph, 1882 (Araneae, Linyphiidae) includes 131 species, mainly distributed across the main European mountain ranges. The Alps and the north-western Dinarides account for 66 species, most of them showing narrow or even point-like distributions. The majority of Troglohyphantes spiders dwell in subterranean habitats including caves, mines, soil litter, rocky debris and other moist and shaded retreats. Despite being intensively studied from taxonomic, ecological and biogeographic standpoints, knowledge on the status of conservation and on the potential risk of extinction of these spiders is lagging. To date, only three species have been included in the global IUCN Red List, but their status has not been updated ever since their last assessment in 1996. The aim of this contribution is to assess the Alpine and north-western Dinaric species of the genus Troglohyphantes and to re-assess the species previously evaluated, according to the last version of the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

Amongst the 66 species here considered, 62 had sufficient data to allow the quantification of their Extent Of Occurrence (EOO) and Area Of Occupancy (AOO). Most of the species have a narrow distribution range, with an estimated EOO < 20,000 km2 and AOO < 2,000 km2, meeting the thresholds for the inclusion in the threatened categories. Five species have a more widespread distribution (EOO > 20,000 km2), extending across multiple countries. The quality of the data on distribution of four species was not sufficient to provide a reliable estimation of the distribution range.

A continuing decline in EOO, AOO and habitat quality was inferred for 30 species. The majority of them were subterranean specialised species, with a reduced thermal tolerance and a low dispersal ability. Accordingly, changes in subterranean microclimatic conditions due to climate change represent a major threat for these species. Land-use change and habitat alteration were identified as additional relevant threats for several species.

A considerable proportion of the species here assessed was found in protected areas and in sites of the Natura 2000 network. In addition, 14 species are formally protected by national and sub-national legislation. At present, 25 species are listed in the regional Red Lists.

Long-term monitoring programmes, management plans for both the species and their habitats, expansion of the extant protected areas and designation of new ones, should be considered as the most effective approaches to species conservation.
Turing pattern induced by the directed ER network and delay
Authors: Zheng Qianqian , Shen Jianwei , Zhou Lingli , Guan Linan
Published: August 2022

Infectious diseases generally spread along with the asymmetry of social network propagation because the asymmetry of urban development and the prevention strategies often affect the direction of the movement. But the spreading mechanism of the epidemic remains to explore in the directed network. In this paper, the main effect of the directed network and delay on the dynamic behaviors of the epidemic is investigated. The algebraic expressions of Turing instability are given to show the role of the directed network in the spread of the epidemic, which overcomes the drawback that undirected networks cannot lead to the outbreaks of infectious diseases. Then, Hopf bifurcation is analyzed to illustrate the dynamic mechanism of the periodic outbreak, which is consistent with the transmission of COVID-19. Also, the discrepancy ratio between the imported and the exported is proposed to explain the importance of quarantine policies and the spread mechanism. Finally, the theoretical results are verified by numerical simulation.
Understanding and Applications of Agent-based Model
Authors: KWON Okyu , KIM Young Jin , BAEK Seung Ki , JEONG Hyeong-Chai
Published: August 2022

Agent-based modeling (ABM) is an interdisciplinary approach to understand macroscopic patterns of a large system, based on massive computation of its interacting constituents (i.e., agents). We explain when this approach is especially useful, with providing two game-theoretic examples: The first example is an analytically intractable model system, although the agents’ decision rules are easily programmable, for which ABM is the only feasible methodology. The second example argues that the payoff structure among agents can also be calculated from their microscopic interactions. These examples show that ABM is a powerful tool with a high degree of flexibility, but also that one has to carefully choose the level of complexity in a model because this choice directly affects the computational burden as well as the applicability of the model.
Statin Intake and Gastric Cancer Risk: An Updated Subgroup Meta-analysis Considering Immortal Time Bias
Authors: Bae Jong-Myon
Published: August 2022

A retrospective record-linkage study (RLS) based on medical records containing drug prescription histories involves immortal time bias (ITB). Thus, it is necessary to control for this bias in the research planning and analysis stages. Furthermore, a summary of a metaanalysis including RLSs that did not control for ITB showed that specific drugs had a preventive effect on the occurrence of the disease. Previous meta-analytic results of three systematic reviews evaluating the association between statin intake and gastric cancer risk showed that the summary hazard ratio (sHR) of the RLSs was lower than 1 and was statistically significant. We should consider the possibility of ITB in the sHR of RLSs and interpret the results carefully.
The Future of Technology-Based Learning at the Open University of Tanzania
Authors: Mirata Victoria , Awinia Christopher , Godson Ernest , Bergamin Per
Published: August 2022

Today, digital transformation in higher education reshapes traditional educational systems toward technology-based learning. In the wake of the global pandemic COVID-19, digital transformation has even accelerated at many universities worldwide due to the pressure put on policymakers and university management to adopt educational technology at their institutions to allow education to continue. Using the case of the Open University of Tanzania (OUT), this article discusses critical factors needed for the successful implementation of technology-based learning and other technological innovations like adaptive learning, for example, in higher education in an African context. We applied a Delphi design, a rigorous research method used for structuring a group communication process to allow a group of experts, as a whole, to deal with a complex problem effectively. In total, 24 experts (e.g., instructors, staff, and students) from different regional OUT centres participated in the Delphi study. The paper presents the results of the first round of the Delphi study on the challenges of technology-based learning identified at OUT providing the first insights into the perceived role, probability, and estimated realisation time of adaptive learning at OUT in the future. We argue that not only technological challenges linked to the internet, network, or technological equipment affect the adoption of technology-based learning in higher education, but also that pedagogical, organisational, and global challenges are indispensable for the successful transformation of higher education.
Application of Augmented Reality in Teaching and Learning in Engineering Programs
Authors: Carrion Silva Alexis Javier , Reyes Calderon Angie Melanie , Giraldo Retuerto Margarita , Andrade-Arenas Laberiano
Published: August 2022

Augmented reality is one of the new emerging technologies in the world, since its appearance was considered for many years its application in education as a tool in the student's learning process. Taking these aspects into account, the present research article was developed, which is based on the design proposal using augmented reality in the learning process at a university in northern Lima. In which the analysis, architecture and development of a prototype was showed in detail. The result of the article was obtained by means of surveys, in the first survey it was demonstrated that the augmented reality is an unknown technology for several of the students and the feasible use in the distance education as a support in the classes, in the same way the second survey demonstrated a high interest on the part of the students at the moment of using this technology in its learning of university formation.
Android Application of Leaf Identification System
Authors: Minhat Mohammad Hazwan Hakim , Saon Sharifah , Mahamad Abd Kadir , Umi Fadlillah
Published: August 2022

Leaf identification image is consistently a difficult task when using computer vision. The convolutional component extraction methods on images have their impediment and limitation, such as low accuracy, are not adaptable and less promising when converted to genuine application. The reasons are the lack of dataset needed to build a recognition model. Likewise, using the computer as a tool is bothering as it restricts the task in the research lab only. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) shows a great solution for the computer version. Subsequently, this project utilizes the CNN’s properties to solve the image classification task, and the CNN model chosen is run in Phyton coding in TensorFlow Lite. It is similar to TensorFlow’s running code, but this project focused on building an Android application. It can perform faster and produce high accuracy results. There are four types of leaves involved in this project: betik, kari, pudina, and cengal. As a result, the model could reach around 99% accuracy with a 0.176 error rate. Ultimately, an Android application called Leaf identification is created. The model is sent and integrated into the apps that work with a concentrated information base to help put away and deal with the pictures. Hence, an Android leaf image identifier using CNN is proposed to solve the stated problem and is believed to contribute to education and research.
Dans les archives d’un atelier littéraire
Authors: Mombert Sarah
Published: August 2022

La collaboration entre Alexandre Dumas et Auguste Maquet a fait couler beaucoup d’encre, et les auteurs qui s’y sont penchés ont rarement pu éviter le jugement moral, car, depuis la Révolution, la critique artistique et le droit d’auteur en France sont régis par des principes d’auctorialité qui minorent le travail collaboratif des œuvres imprimées. Envisager l’œuvre romanesque de Dumas, non plus dans l’axiologie du produit fini, ayant acquis sa valeur sur le marché des biens culturels, mais dans la durée de la production collective, permet de saisir le geste de la collaboration dans son devenir génétique, depuis le choix du sujet du roman jusqu’à l’envoi du feuilleton au journal, en passant par la documentation historique, le canevas des chapitres et la rédaction du texte à imprimer.
De la fanfiction au livre. Étude génétique du Pacte d’Emma de Nine Gorman
Authors: Cléry Esther , Cornillon Claire , Eynard Mathilde , Lelarge Maud , Pereira da Camara Sarah , Thomassin Julie , Vérilhac Yoan
Published: August 2022

La fanfiction s’est imposée désormais comme un champ d’études de premier intérêt pour la sociologie littéraire et les cultural studies, mais il est plus rare que l’on aborde les œuvres des fans avec les outils traditionnels de l’analyse de la création littéraire. Cet article propose d’explorer les singularités de la création fanfictionnelle du point de vue de la critique génétique, en choisissant l’exemple du Pacte sanguinaire de Nine Gorman, publié sur la plateforme Wattpad entre 2015 et 2017, puis édité chez Albin Michel. À travers le cas de Nine Gorman se dessine une conception complexe et pluridimensionnelle de l’écriture, valorisant le plaisir de participer au monde de la littérature, de concevoir et faire vivre les œuvres autant que de les réaliser, effectivement, comme objets clos et achevés.
La répression des révoltes bretonnes au prisme de la correspondance de Sévigné
Authors: Rosellini Michèle
Published: August 2022

L’empathie face à la souffrance physique de l’autre semble ne pas être une expérience commune au xviie siècle. Le corps malmené, sujet réputé bas dans la culture de l’époque, est plutôt représenté par la littérature comique. La tonalité comique est également présente dans les écrits épistolaires, que ce soit par convention littéraire ou par affirmation d’une posture sociale d’impassibilité. Il est donc intéressant d’observer, dans les lettres où Madame de Sévigné relate les diverses phases de la répression de la révolte bretonne des « bonnets rouges », les signes ambivalents de l’empathie. Le style comique de l’épistolière évolue au fil de la chronique, passant de la dérision à l’ironie et à l’humour, modes de communication propices à la double entente : le ou la destinataire peut ainsi saisir l’indignation et la compassion sous le couvert de la plaisanterie. Ce cas peut mettre du trouble dans une vision historique qui tiendrait pour un fait acquis l’insensibilisation de la société d’Ancien Régime sur la base de documents considérés comme objectifs.
Observation et instrumentalisation de la douleur du cheval dans la littérature technique du xvie siècle
Authors: Lesage Augustin
Published: August 2022

Le cheval tient une place à part dans l’histoire des sociétés humaines qui ont inlassablement porté sur lui un regard attentif pour tenter de mieux le soigner et le dresser. Au milieu du xvie siècle, ce double objectif connaît un bouleversement dans son mode de transmission : alors qu’il était assumé jusque-là par la longue tradition des traités hippiatriques, il est désormais repris par les premiers manuels d’équitation. En parallèle, les réflexions sur la douleur de l’animal accompagnent ce basculement : si les vétérinaires se sont d’abord concentrés sur la douleur subie par le cheval et semblent même avoir réservé le terme aux maladies qui se rapportent aux désordres internes de l’animal, les cavaliers s’intéressent plutôt à la douleur qu’ils font subir au cheval dans le cadre du dressage et qui peut s’avérer totalement improductive lorsqu’elle achève de terroriser la bête. Après les tentatives d’observation et de description des symptômes physiques, l’intérêt se porte alors sur la psychologie des chevaux, jusqu’à parfois valoriser un idéal de douceur à leur égard.
Understanding Universal Adversarial Attack and Defense on Graph
Authors: Wang Tianfeng , Pan Zhisong , Hu Guyu , Duan Yexin , Pan Yu
Published: August 2022

Compared with traditional machine learning model, graph neural networks (GNNs) have distinct advantages in processing unstructured data. However, the vulnerability of GNNs cannot be ignored. Graph universal adversarial attack is a special type of attack on graph which can attack any targeted victim by flipping edges connected to anchor nodes. In this paper, we propose the forward-derivative-based graph universal adversarial attack (FDGUA). Firstly, we point out that one node as training data is sufficient to generate an effective continuous attack vector. Then we discretize the continuous attack vector based on forward derivative. FDGUA can achieve impressive attack performance that three anchor nodes can result in attack success rate higher than 80% for the dataset Cora. Moreover, we propose the first graph universal adversarial training (GUAT) to defend against universal adversarial attack. Experiments show that GUAT can effectively improve the robustness of the GNNs without degrading the accuracy of the model.
Hepatitis B virus infection and HBeAg positivity among pregnant women in South West Uganda
Authors: Mugabiirwe Naome , Kalyetsi Rogers , Ayella Richard , Obote James , Ssedyabane Frank
Published: August 2022

Background: Hepatitis B virus is a public health burden in Uganda, yet little is known about its epidemiology in pregnancy.Objective: This study aimed at determining the prevalence and associated risk factors of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care at the Kyazanga Health Centre IV in Lwengo District, Uganda.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2021 to June 2021 and analysed qualitative data that were collected using a structured in-person questionnaire. Aseptically collected blood specimens were screened for hepatitis B virus infection using an immunochromatographic rapid diagnostic test kit. Participants who were positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were further screened for hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg) using commercial rapid diagnostic test kits.Results: Out of 384 pregnant women studied, eight tested positive for HBsAg. This gave a prevalence of 2.1% (95% confidence interval: 1.0% – 4.1%); 5/8 (62.5%) were positive for HBeAg. None of the variables studied were significantly associated with HBsAg positivity among pregnant women.Conclusion: Hepatitis B viral infection is still a public health challenge in pregnant women with possible risk for vertical transmission to their babies in the study area. We recommend routine screening for hepatitis B virus in pregnancy in addition to strengthening current strategies aimed at controlling and preventing hepatitis B infection spread and transmission.
Establishment of haemoglobin A2 reference intervals in Pretoria, South Africa: A retrospective secondary data analysis
Authors: Nieuwenhuizen Cailin , Netshidzivhani Tshiphiri , Potgieter Johan
Published: August 2022

Background: Haemoglobinopathies are one of the most common inherited diseases worldwide. Quantification of haemoglobin A2 is necessary for the diagnosis of the beta thalassaemia trait. In this context, it is important to have a reliable reference interval for haemoglobin A2 and a local reference range for South Africa has not been established.Objective: This study aimed to establish reference intervals for haemoglobin A2 using stored patient laboratory data.Methods: This descriptive study used retrospective data to evaluate haemoglobin A2 levels determined using high-performance liquid chromatography at the National Health Laboratory Service haematology laboratory in Pretoria, South Africa. All tests performed from 01 October 2012 to 31 December 2020 were screened for inclusion; of these, 144 patients’ data met the selection criteria. The reference interval was calculated using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) with a 95% confidence interval.Results: Analysed data from enrolled patients showed a normal distribution. The mean age of the patients was 40 years (range: 3–84 years). The reference interval for haemoglobin A2 calculated from this data was 2.3% – 3.6%. The minimum haemoglobin A2 was 2.3% and the maximum was 3.9% with a mean of 2.95% and a standard deviation of 0.357%.Conclusion: A normal reference interval has been established for the population served by the laboratory that will assist with accurate diagnosis of the beta thalassaemia trait. This reference interval may also be useful to other laboratories that employ the same technology, especially smaller laboratories where obtaining a sufficiently large number of normal controls may be challenging.
Re-imaginations of women’s theology for female bodies: A panacea for a future with hope among teen girls selling sex at Epworth Booster, Harare
Authors: Mujinga Martin
Published: August 2022

The perpetual decline of Zimbabwe’s socio-economic situation can be found in the country legalising prostitution, which it used to regard as an act of criminality. This legalisation promoted the trade from being an offense to a lifestyle and from being an act of immorality to a profession. Prostitutes were also advanced from being social outcasts to commercial sex workers. Although the law appeared to financially empower prostitutes, its negative impact is seen in the level it dehumanises teen girls as they turn themselves into sex objects. Cases of school dropouts among teen girls and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are some of the evidences of the negative impact of prostitution, caused by their belief that ‘unprotected sex pays more’. The location of the study was Epworth Booster in Harare, Zimbabwe. Using an African feminist theology framework, this article aims to analyse how women’s theology can be used as a panacea to restore dignity and hunhu-ism to the teen girls whose bodies have been exposed to abuse by their purported fathers. The article uses both unstructured and focus group interviews to collect data from three health personnel and 10 teen girls, respectively. The article grapples with the fact that the legalisation of prostitution in Zimbabwe seriously affected both the social and religious life of teen girls as they risk their lives in order to earn a living, and African feminist theology should be applied to defend these vulnerable girls.Contribution: In the context of socio-economic depletion and laws that suppress women in the name of empowering them, rereading and application of women’s theology should protect women and offer them a future with hope.
Propagating Afro-pessimism? The power of neo-Pentecostal prophetic objects on human agency and transcendence in Africa
Authors: Banda Collium
Published: August 2022

This article is a public systematic theological analysis of the power of the anointed objects of African neo-Pentecostal prophets (NPPs) on human agency and transcendence in the African context of enduring poverty and human brokenness. It analysed the public role played by anointed objects from a systematic theological perspective. The article argued that many African Christians rely on anointed objects without critically considering the negative implications on their human agency (power to act) and transcendence (power to overcome) as Africans. It highlighted the irony of teaching Africans to rely on anointed objects to overcome their poverty, while other races, especially white people in Western countries, continue to build prosperous economies even after rejecting religion and Christianity. This led to the question: What does the African reliance on anointed objects of the NPPs say about the state of African human agency and transcendence? The central argument was that anointed objects are fraught with Afro-pessimism, the negative connotations about African human agency and transcendence. A secondary question that emerged was: What is a biblical view of humanity that can be used to revive African human agency and transcendence, and lead to a meaningful response to poverty? As a public systematic theological critique, the question was answered by evaluating if the NPPs’ use of anointed objects to overcome poverty resonates with what the Bible teaches about human potential in Genesis 1:26–28 and the extent to which it promotes Afro-optimism that enhances human agency and transcendence in Africa.Contribution: This article calls African NPPs and their adherents to think critically and broadly about their public role in the context of poverty in Africa. It uses biblical doctrines and images to challenge NPPs to respond to poverty in ways that promote Afro-optimism by enhancing the human agency and transcendency of African people instead of the Afro-pessimism promoted by the relying on anointed objects.