bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIVERTÍCULO DE BEXIGA: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Ficagna Eduardo Jose , Ferreira Dutra Luciano , Gruszka Ana Carolina , Trevisan Correa Leticia
Published: May 2023

Divertículos de bexiga são saculações de tecido mucoso e submucoso que se insinuam pela camada muscular do detrusor da bexiga decorrentes de fraquezas congênitas ou adquiridas nessa musculatura. Trata-se de uma entidade rara dentre as patologias vesicais. Em sua maioria, são assintomáticos. Quando sintomáticos, seu quadro pode variar desde dor pélvica, infecções de trato urinário baixo e hematúria macro ou microscópica. A descoberta desse achado, quase sempre incidental, requer investigação propedêutica especializada devido ao risco de transformação maligna do tecido sacular.
FATORES QUE INFLUENCIAM A ESCOLHA DOS SERVIÇOS GASTRONÔMICOS PELOS ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS
Authors: Chiusoli Claudio Luiz , Guimarães Aline Franco , Coelho Caroline Naprogeni , Rodini de Santana Kauan Henrique
Published: May 2023

Na atualidade, é perceptível que as empresas têm diversificado o modo de divulgar seus produtos e serviços utilizando as ferramentas de marketing disponíveis no ambiente gastronômico. O objetivo do estudo é analisar as motivações e fatores de decisão de frequência dos estudantes universitários em estabelecimento gastronômico. Como abordagem teórica foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre marketing e comportamento do consumidor. Foi realizada uma survey, abordando estudantes universitários por meio de formulário on-line, mediante amostragem não probabilística por conveniência, com total de 100 entrevistas. Como principais achados, tem-se que os entrevistados universitários preferem frequentar lugares que oferecem serviços gastronômicos que tenham um bom atendimento (77%); que oferecem promoções (49%); que tenham variedades de itens como bebidas e comidas (95%); que tenham apresentações de música ao vivo (39%); que tenham um bom ambiente e atmosfera (57%); que sejam bem movimentados (12%); e gostam de escolher lugares que divulgam seus serviços por meio das redes sociais (63%). Como implicação e contribuição do estudo, foram descobertas algumas das preferências e importâncias atribuídas pelos jovens consumidores universitários, como por exemplo: importância da ambientação, nível de qualidade no atendimento, variedade de produtos e promoções.
FACTORES DETERMINANTES DE FALÊNCIAS DE MICRO, PEQUENAS E MÉDIAS EMPRESAS NA PROVÍNCIA DE LUANDA, ANGOLA
Authors: Lubamba Cláudio Floriento , António Lando Honório , Mbote Ndinga , Paulo Kiala Bunga , Tiago Agostinho Pedro
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo tem como objectivo identificar os factores determinantes que contribuíram para as falências das micro, pequenas e médias empresas, em Luanda, Angola, de 2013 a 2018, a partir das percepções dos ex(gestores) destas empresas. O referido artigo, também, descreve os principais factores de falências apontados na literatura internacional. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho descritivo, com o levantamento bibliográfico e uma abordagem quali-quantitativa, tendo utilizado o questionário como instrumento de recolha de dados. A conclusão resultante desta pesquisa aponta que os factores determinantes que contribuíram para o maior número de falências das micro, pequenas e médias empresas em Luanda, no período em análise, foram o fundo de maneio insuficiente, a falta de um plano de negócios, as falhas de gestão, dificuldades de acesso ao crédito e elevadas taxas de juros.
AVALIAÇÃO DA CAPACIDADE FUNCIONAL DE IDOSOS FISICAMENTE ATIVOS
Authors: Mellado Alana , Aparecida de Lima Keila
Published: May 2023

O comprometimento da capacidade funcional do idoso tem algumas consequências para o mundo que o cerca e para o sistema de saúde do próprio idoso, uma vez que essa incapacidade ocasiona maior dependência na velhice contribuindo para a diminuição do bem-estar e qualidade de vida dessa população. É de extrema importância avaliar a capacidade física dos idosos para assim elaborar o melhor plano de treinamento para eles. Objetivo: verificar o quanto o treinamento funcional melhora a capacidade física do idoso. Métodos: Foram avaliados idosos que praticam atividade física. Para avaliação da capacidade aeróbia, se utilizou o teste de caminhada de 6 minutos. Para a avaliação de força de membros inferiores, foi utilizado o teste de sentar e levantar. Para a avaliação da mobilidade funcional, foi aplicado o teste de Timed up and Go. Para a avaliação da flexibilidade, foi aplicado o teste de sentar e alcançar. Resultados: Diante do exposto, é possível concluir que em programa de treinamento funcional supervisionado, realizado duas vezes na semana. Os idosos avaliados conseguiram melhorar a maioria das capacidades depois de um mês de treinamento funcional. Conclusão: Como resultados positivos, conclui-se que a prática da atividade física pelos idosos é realmente importante em todas as fases da vida, principalmente na 3ªidade, para a manutenção das suas atividades diárias.
EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ADAPTADA: DESAFIOS E CONTRIBUIÇÕES NA PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA INCLUSIVA
Authors: Marques Chaves José Raimundo , Rodrigues da Silva Raimundo , Silva Ribeiro Mílvio da
Published: May 2023

O artigo trata da Educação Física Adaptada, desafios e contribuições na Prática Pedagógica inclusiva. Objetivo: analisar a Educação Física Adaptada, seus desafios e contribuições no processo de adaptação, considerando as realidades dos educandos na escola. Para as nossas reflexões e debates, trazemos as concepções de Ferreira (2013), Mauerberg de Castro (2013), Rodrigues (2005), Mantoan (2003), Mittler (2003), além da Constituição Federal de 1988 e LDB Lei nº 9394/96, através de conceitos, ideias e experiências, referentes à Educação Física Adaptada, revelando as contribuições para os processos formativos de Práticas Pedagógicas Inclusivas com as superações dos desafios no cotidiano escolar. Quanto à metodologia, optamos por uma abordagem de estudos de referências bibliográficas, com ênfase nos procedimentos metodológicos de análise de conteúdo. Por fim, a pesquisa demostrou que a Educação Física Adaptada traz benefícios e formação do aprendizado para alunos com necessidades educativas especiais, preparando para a vida, a promoção social e a cidadania.
On the super (a, d)-H-antimagic total labelings of three graphs
Authors: Zhu Dongxu , Liang Zhihe
Published: May 2023

The conception of (a, d)-H-super antimagic total labeling is generated by graph covering, magic square and graph labeling. In this paper we study the (a, d)-H-super antimagic total labelings of the friendship graph Fn, wheel Wn and the graph mG.
Computing K Banhatti and K Hyper Banhatti indices of Titania nanotubes TiO2[m, n]
Authors: Tousi Jaber Ramezani , Ghods Massoud
Published: May 2023

Graph theory has been used for modeling in chemistry. Titania nanotubes are one of the most essential and practical compounds in materials science that have many applications in the production of catalytic materials, gas sensors, biomedical devices, solar cells, etc. In this article, by providing a method to obtain the degree of vertices in the section of the corresponding nanotube, the K Banhatti and K Hyper Banhatti indices are computing. Next, the K Banhatti and K Hyper Banhatti indices in the line graph of Titania nanotubes TiO2[m, n] are also computing. To compare the obtained values, diagrams of K Banhatti and K Hyper Banhatti indices are drawn.
On the degree sum energy of total transformation graphs of regular graphs
Authors: Revankar D. S. , Veeragoudar Jaishri B. , Patil M. M.
Published: May 2023

The energy E(G) of a graph G is the sum of absolute values of the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of G. This definition of energy was motivated by the large number of results for the Huckel molecular orbital total π-electron energy. Motivated by E(G), The degree sum energy EDS(G) of a simple connected graph G is defined by sum of the absolute values of all eigenvalues of degree sum matrix. In this paper, we obtain spectra and degree sum energy of the total transformation graph Gxyz of a r-regular graph.
Some properties of bases intersection graph-I
Authors: Ahmed Iram Tahleel Jaleel , Jogdand S. M. , Muneshwar R. A.
Published: May 2023

In the recent paper Iram Tahleel Jaleel Ahmed, Suryakant M Jogdand , introduced the graphical structure of vector space over a finite field  called as “Bases Intersection Graph” and discussed some basic properties of it. In the present paper, we continue the study of bases intersection graph ()   over a finite field  regarding some important properties. It is shown that the graph is regular graph, Eulerian graph etc. Further it is shown that graph is never bipartite. In the last, some properties of 2 dimensional vector space over a field of 3 elements were discussed.
Geometric meaning and variation of parameter method of modified a-fractional derivative
Authors: Thorat S. N. , Ghadle K. P. , Muneshwar R. A. , Bondar K. L.
Published: May 2023

In this study, we address a frequently asked topic by scholars, “What is the geometrical meaning of the modified a-derivative”, by using the notion of fractional cords. There is also discussion of fractional orthogonal trajectories. We give several examples to explain the notions of fractional cords and fractional orthogonal trajectories. Moreover, we also discuss the variation of the parameter method and we examine how to apply this technique to discover a particular solution to a set of nonhomogeneous linear fractional differential equations. A formula for modified a-fractional differential equations is established, which is identical to that for ordinary differential equations.
Generating large dataset for software requirements prioritization and selection under fuzzy environment
Authors: Nazim Mohd. , Arif Mohd. , Mohammad Chaudhary Wali , Sadiq Mohd.
Published: May 2023

Requirements elicitation is a key sub-process of requirements engineering in which various types of software requirements such as functional and non-functional requirements, testing requirements etc., are identified according to the needs of the stakeholders. After the completion of the requirements elicitation process, there may be a large set of requirements and practically it is not possible to implement all requirements due to budget, time and other constraints of an organization. Under this situation, software developers select the highest ranked software requirements from the list of the elicited software requirements for different releases of software so that a successful software product can be developed. The selection of software requirements for different releases is a difficult task because it requires the participation of various stakeholders. In the field of science and engineering, datasets play an important role during experimental work. Based on our review, we found that in the literature of software engineering less attention is given on the generation of the datasets particularly in the domain of software requirements prioritization and selection (SRPS). Therefore, to address this issue, in this paper we present a four-step method for generating the dataset for SRPS research, i.e. (a) identification of stakeholders, (b) elicitation of software requirements using the goal-oriented concept, (c) formation of decision maker committee and (d) evaluation of the functional requirements and non-functional requirements by decision makers under fuzzy environment. The proposed method has been applied to generate the dataset for the requirements of an institute examination system.
Ancient Indian Education: It’s Relevance and Importance in the Modern Education System
Authors: Mishra Nandita , Aithal P. S.
Published: May 2023

Purpose: India has a rich tradition of education and learning right from ancient times and especially during the Renaissance period, the Golden Age of Indian Culture. The major three achievements in education, during this period were the decimal system, the great Sanskrit epics, and the contribution to the sciences of astronomy, mathematics, and metallurgy. The four Vedas, i.e., the Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda, and the Atharvaveda were configured through ideals, practices, and conducts. The doctrine of action (Karma) occupies a very significant place in the Indian system of education and has evolved during the transition from ancient to modern education. Two methods of teaching were being practiced during the Vedic period. First, the verbal/oral method, and the second based on thinking (Chintan). Current higher education has shown trends of multidisciplinary approaches along similar lines. NEP 2020 also suggests a multidisciplinary approach. Bloom’s Taxonomy defines three domains of learning, cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. The ancient education system is also based on the three domains, to develop higher-order learning by building up the lower-level cognitive skills.
Approach: The exploratory study based on secondary published research articles on the education system in India, seeks to interpret extant academic research on the relevance of the ancient education system in modern multidisciplinary education.
Findings: The literature analysis emphasizes that ancient learning systems based on Vedas included many yogic practices. In general, to calm the mind and improve learning, asanas, chanting of mantras, and meditation were done. The same practices are emphasized by HEI, guided by UGC and AICTE. Universal Human value (UHV) has been implemented for all-around personality development and practice of an integrated approach in Yoga. Modern methods to develop memory include the logical method, spaced learning, and rational memory. All of these are derived from the ancient way of teaching and learning. Using the ABCD listing methodology this paper explores the advantages, benefits, constraints, and disadvantages of the modern education system, both from learners’ viewpoint and teachers’ viewpoint.
Type of Paper: Exploratory Research.
Comparison of Discrete Wavelet and Discrete Cosine Transform for Enhancement of Gray Image
Authors: Nivedita V. Hippalgaonkar (Deshmukh)  , Archana S. Gaikwad
Published: May 2023

In this paper comparison of Discrete Wavelet and Discrete Cosine Transform for contrast enhancement of gray image is discussed and implemented using proposed mask. The technique converts the image into DCT domain and the DCT coefficients are modified using proposed mask then the enhanced image is reconstructed using inverse DCT. After comparing enhancement based on DCT with enhancement based on wavelet transform I found that the discrete cosine transform outperforms with better image quality and with highest PSNR value.
Peranan Keteladanan Dan Kecerdasan Interpersonal Seorang Guru Terhadap Karakter Siswa Di SD IT Ulul Albab
Authors: Umar Darwis Rahmadani Fitri,
Published: May 2023

The teacher's example is very influential on the character of students because it will support their personal development as well as intelligence. Teachers who have good intelligence will give birth to students who are intelligent according to their nature. God bestows every human being with different intelligence. Intelligence referred to here is interpersonal intelligence. Interpersonal intelligence includes empathy, caring, sensitivity, good at communicating verbally/non-verbally. With this ability the teacher's role greatly influences students in their social interactions and increasingly their communication. The example of a teacher and the teacher's interpersonal intelligence influence the way students communicate and adapt to social interactions in society. If the teacher succeeds in being a good example then students will show the same attitude and vice versa if the teacher behaves badly then students will behave the same. Set good examples such as discipline, caring, attention, authority, empathy, and mutual respect. Honest, patient, fair, and speaking are qualities that must be exemplified and become a habit for teachers to their students. The problem in this study is how the role of role model and interpersonal intelligence of the teacher has on the character of students at the Ulul Albab Elementary School. The purpose of this study is to find out the answers to the problems above. Therefore, this study uses a qualitative approach by taking data sources from interviews, questionnaires, observation, and documentation. Data analysis techniques were obtained from data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. The informants in this study were class teachers, study teachers and upper class students. The results of the study found that the role of exemplary and interpersonal intelligence of teachers was partly good. but still needs coaching for some teachers who don't play a role in setting an example. There are some teachers who lack discipline, lack of attention to students, inappropriate communication, lack of teacher performance and others. Likewise, the character of some students is already good but there are still some students who are still not good in character. Habituation and exemplary methods and social customs such as communication ethics, how to speak to younger or younger people have not been implemented optimally.
Kontribusi Guru PAI Dalam Pembentukan Akhlak Mulia Peserta Didik di MA Zainal Arifin Terate Sumenep
Authors: Arinal Haq Muhammad , Asy’ari M.
Published: May 2023

This study examines the significance of the contribution of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers in shaping the noble character of students at MA Zainal Arifin Terate Sumenep. The thesis employs a qualitative approach and a descriptive method. Based on observations, it can be concluded that the formation of students with noble character is one of the visions of MA Zainal Arifin. To achieve this vision, MA Zainal Arifin provides conceptual, practical, comprehensive, and integrated Islamic education with the pesantren system. This policy is supported by all parties, from the Foundation, Head of the Madrasah, Teachers, Society, to the MA Zainal Arifin students themselves. The contribution of PAI in shaping the noble character of MA Zainal Arifin students is significant because of two factors. Firstly, the PAI curriculum at MA Zainal Arifin is comprehensive as it covers all aspects of Islamic Religious Education. Secondly, the education system at MA Zainal Arifin is integrated with the pesantren system.
Perbandingan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe NHT Dengan TPS Terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa
Authors: Rohantizani  , Nuraina
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa yang pembelajarannya melalui penerapan model kooperatif Tipe Think-Pair-Share (TPS) dan Tipe Numbered Head Together (NHT) pada kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Muara Batu. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi experiment (eksperimen semu). Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah the nonequivalent posttest-only control gruop design, yaitu digunakan dua sampel yang berbeda dan akan diterapkan pembelajaran (treatment) yang berbeda pula, masing-masing sampel diberikan tes akhir (posttest). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Muara Batu tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik porposive sampling, dan sampel yang dipilih adalah kelas VII 1 sebagai kelas NHT dan kelas VII 3 sebagai kelas TPS. Pengambilan data penelitian menggunakan instrumen posttest (tes kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa). Instrumen penelitian telah divalidasi oleh tim penilai. Dengan banyaknya siswa masing-masing kelas adalah sama yaitu 32 orang. Uji prasyarat analisis dengan menggunakan uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas. Analisis uji hipotesis menggunakan independet sample t-test diperoleh nilai thitung = 3,032 dengan Sig. 0,004. Nilai Pvalue yang diperoleh < 0,05 yakni (0,004 < 0,05), maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima, ini berarti terdapat perbedaan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa antara siswa yang pembelajarannya melalui penerapan model kooperatif tipe NHT dengan tipe TPS pada siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Muara Batu.
Vitamin D deficiency in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus: its association with microvascular complications
Authors: Vishnumoorthy  , Bhat Smitha
Published: May 2023

Introduction and Aim: A worldwide epidemic, type 2 diabetes affects 382 million people. Nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy are examples of microvascular consequences. According to estimates, 1 billion people, or close to 15% of the world's population, are vitamin D deficient. There is proof that inadequate vitamin D levels are linked to poor glycaemic management. However, there is a dearth of information from India on a potential connection between a vitamin D deficit and microvascular problems. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to determine if individuals with microvascular consequences of diabetes are more likely to suffer from vitamin D insufficiency.
 
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 72 diabetic subjects availing the inpatient services of Father Muller Medical College Hospital. Diabetes was diagnosed as per American Diabetes Association guidelines. Subjects were examined for presence of neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy by nerve conduction study, urine protein creatinine ratio and fundus examination respectively. Serum vitamin D levels were assessed. Data was recorded and statistically analysed.
 
Results: Seventy-two patients fulfilling the selection criteria were recruited for this study. 77.8% of subjects had poorly controlled diabetes and  66.66% had vitamin D deficiency. 39 (54.16%) of subjects had microvascular complications of which  28 (38.8%) had neuropathy, 14 (19.4%) had retinopathy and 28 (38.9%) had nephropathy. 71% of patients with microvascular complications had vitamin D deficiency.
 
Conclusion: Poor glycemic control is strongly correlated with vitamin D insufficiency. Individuals who suffer from microvascular problems tend to have inadequate levels of vitamin D more frequently than people without such difficulties.
Osteoblastoma of the temporal bone – A familiar tumour at an uncommon site
Authors: P. Bhat Shubha , Kamat Premananda , Srinivas Teerthanath
Published: May 2023

Osteoblastoma is a benign bone tumour arising from the non-odontogenic epithelium. This tumour predominantly affects the vertebral column and long tubular bones such as the femur and tibia. Herein, we report a case of Osteoblastoma affecting temporal bone. Radiologically, it was thought to be an intraosseous meningioma, hemangioma, or eosinophilic granuloma. Histopathological examination of the tumour showed woven bone arranged in sheets and micro trabecular array, rimmed by a single layer of osteoblast, surrounded by lamellar bone. Intertrabecular spaces were composed of richly vascular fibrotic stroma, consistent with the diagnosis of osteoblastoma.
Role of glycemic status and insulin resistance indices on cognition
Authors: C. M. Ramya , R. Rajalakshmi , Vijayashankar Uma , M. Bhanukumar
Published: May 2023

Introduction and Aim: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is presently the commonest and most prevalent disorder of metabolism which, if unmanaged, can lead to macro and micro-vascular disorders as complications. The preventive and therapeutic options for the same have been drastically improved than before and the life expectancy of the affected population has risen, but with the emergence of few other new complications like cognitive impairment and dementia. Insulin Resistance (IR) is a preclinical stage during diabetes and can potentially affect cognition. Cognition is the capability of an individual to process the given information through perception. Cognition is a broad spectrum including different cognitive domains like learning, attention, memory, language, reasoning, decision making, visuospatial skills etc., which forms the basis of intellectual development. Our present aim is to study the relationship between the glycemic profile and cognition status in diabetics.
 
Materials and Methods:  The study population included a total of 232 subjects with the age of 40-70 years of both genders. They were recruited after obtaining the informed written consent. Fasting blood glucose, Insulin levels, HbA1C were analyzed. The insulin resistance indices such as The HOmeostasis Model of IR (HOMA-IR), QUantitative Insulin-sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) and HOMA percent beta-cell function (HOMA-beta) were derived. Cognition status was assessed and scored using the Modified Mini Mental Status (3MS) test.
 
Results: HbA1c score and the 3MS score showed an association where both were negatively correlated. Insulin resistance induces too were negatively correlated with cognitive function.
 
Conclusion: Thus, our study suggests that unmanaged diabetes mellitus type 2 may affect the cognition. Accordingly, early diagnosis of the condition and its management is crucial to bring down the incidence of cognitive impairment, further dementia, and other neurodegenerative diseases.
An ayurvedic approach to a case of ulcerative keratitis (Savrana Shukra)
Authors: K. Shanti
Published: May 2023

Ulcerative keratitis (UK) is one of the most prevalent ocular diseases characterized by partial or total loss of vision. While contact lens wear is the primary risk factor of the UK in the young, compromised ocular immunity is responsible for it in the old age group. Early diagnosis and treatment help to bring about better results. Antimicrobial therapy remains the mainstay of treatment in ulcerative keratitis, whereas adjunctive topical corticosteroid therapy remains a matter of debate. The UK signs and symptoms match that of Savrana Shukra mentioned in the Ayurvedic texts. We present the case of a 72-year-old male admitted for redness and blurred vision in the right eye, associated with ocular pain, tearing, and photophobia. We diagnosed the case as Savrana Shukra. He underwent Ayurvedic therapy in the form of internal medicines such as Amritotaram Kashaya, Manjistadi kashaya, Kaisora Guggulu and Pratimarsha Nasya with Anu tailam. He also underwent treatments such as Jalokavacharana, Netra Seka, Vidalaka and Anjana karma. After a month of treatment, the corneal ulcer healed completely and thinned down the scar on the cornea. His visual acuity improved from 6/60B to 6/6 in the affected eye. Ayurvedic treatment was effective in completely healing the corneal ulcer and controlling the active inflammation, thereby improving vision. However, more extensive studies with larger samples will yield more data to prove the potential of Ayurveda in such cases.
Extraction, purification and assessment of galactomannan from fenugreek seeds
Authors: Teekanam Jahnavi , Srinivasan Shantkriti , Uthayasooriyan Pavithra , Subbiah Usharani , Govindasamy Balasubramani , Athiappan Murugan
Published: May 2023

Introduction and Aim: Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graceum) is extensively cultivated in several Asian nations. The leaves and seeds of this plant are well recognized for their potential against diabetes, some cancers and imparting immunity. They are often employed as adhesives and emulsifying agents. Polysaccharides can be found in abundance in fenugreek seeds. Galactomannan, a water-soluble polysaccharide, efficiently reduces the surface tension and increases the viscosity of liquids.
 
Materials and Methods: In this study, a simple method for extracting as well as purifying galactomannan was developed. It was produced from fenugreek plant's seeds and purified by centrifugation and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) spirit precipitation methods.
 
Results: The presence of carbohydrates by Molisch test and an absence of reducing sugar by Fehling’s test was revealed. The pH of the purified galactomannan was 6.37, and its foaming capability was 14.28 %. The Galactomannan gum was found to possess 81 % emulsifying capacity. It revealed that the capacity to hold water was 1480% and the ability to hold oil was 268%.
 
Conclusion: In contrast to guar gum as well as the locust bean gum which are employed in various industries as thickeners, emulsifiers and stabilizers, galactomannan, produced in this study, is an effective and affordable method of stabilizing and emulsifying various products.
Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory potential of Solanum pubescens fruit extract
Authors: Aldeen Ahmed Naji Ismail Salah , Mahmood Riaz , Rahman Haseebur
Published: May 2023

Introduction and Aim: Solanum pubescens is one of the very well-known traditional medicinal plants it has been widely used in the treatment of many inflammatory conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory property of S. pubescens fruit.
 
Materials and Methods: Anti-inflammatory activities of S. pubescens fruit extracts at different concentrations (100-200 mg/kg) were carried out using carrageenan-induced and cotton implant-induced granuloma methods.
 
Results: The results of the carrageenan-induced paw edema study reveals the highest activity of fruit upper ethanolic (FUEE) extract at 200 mg/kg, with 64.84% followed by water (FEW), and fruit lower ethanolic extracts (FLEE). The protein and IL-6 evaluation in this experiment showed very promising results. Whereas the cellular toxicity was evaluated in terms of LPO, MPO and nitric oxide analysis which in turn showed harmless nature of extracts. Furthermore, assessment of proliferative phase of inflammation was done in rats using a cotton pellet-induced granuloma model, where FUEE at 100 mg/kg showed 32.5±2.73 mg, 200 mg/kg 25.3±2.36 mg of dry weight of granuloma, compared to the standard indomethacin activity 1.4±3.45 mg. Moreover, the hematological parameters of treated animals reveals that the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of FUEE 4.88± 0.18 mm/hr at 200 mg/kg was the least and almost equal to the standard.
 
Conclusion: It can be said that S. pubescens is no doubt a very good source of phytomedicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, with most of the valuable phytoconstituents concerned with the anti-inflammation assembled in the fruit upper ethanolic extracts as this extract showed excellent activity in both the carrageenan and cotton pellet models.
A descriptive study of myriad risk factors in anemia of varied severity among reproductive female patients visiting a tertiary care setup in coastal Karnataka
Authors: Balasubramaniyam Kalpana , Balakrishnan Grrishma , Thalenjeri Padmini , Rao Varsha
Published: May 2023

Introduction and Aim: Anemia is common among women within childbearing age. The present study was undertaken to analyze the burden ofsocio-demographic status, lifestyle determinants, menstrual parameters, and obstetric factors as risk factors among mild, moderate, and severe types of anaemic women of childbearing age and to assess their knowledge about it.

 

Methods: A cross-sectional study was done among 79 anemic women visiting a private medical college hospital in Karnataka. The study group was categorized into mild, moderate, and severe anemia based on the WHO criteria of haemoglobin concentration. Participants answered a validated and pretested questionnaire on their socio-demographic status, lifestyle characteristics, menstrual and obstetric history, and their knowledge regarding anemia.

 

Results: Descriptive statistics were used for the data analysis. The prevalence of mild and moderate anemia in the rural setup was higher compared to urban living. Most of the participants with mild to moderate anemia had education up to primary schooling and were married homemakers. Participants with moderate to severe anemia belonged to the below poverty line status. There was a higher intake of white meat among moderate anemic participants compared to the other groups.Majority of the participants with mild to moderate anemia suffered from dysmenorrhoea. Only 51% of the participants knew that anemia is a health problem and most of the participants were ignorant of the features of anemia.

 

Conclusion: We conclude that moderately anemic participants mostly belonged to rural areas, were less literate, belonging to lower economic strata, consuming white meat and junk food.
Enzyme activity of mountain-meadow soils of Crimea
Authors: Kostenko Igor , Fedorenko Anastasia , Kazeev Kamil
Published: May 2023

The activity of enzymes (catalase, dehydrogenase, urease, and invertase) of mountain-meadow soils of the mountain plateaus of the Main Ridge of Crimea was studied. The increased enzyme activity in the surface layer of soils with a sharp decrease in the values below 40 cm. The direct dependence of the activity of enzymes on the content of organic carbon and the inverse relation-ship with hydrolytic acidity was established. The individual differences in the enrichment with enzymes of the surface layer of soils 0-10 cm and the total activity of the entire soil profile to a depth of 70 cm for the mountain-meadow soils of the Crimea have been determined. Such a high difference in the values of the Integral Indicator of Biological Condition (IIBC) indicates a sig-nificant influence not only the content and stocks of organic carbon, but also a complex of other parameters. Keywords: SOIL COVER, BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY, BIOINDICATION, ORGANIC CARBON
An Evaluation On Flexible Architecture And Smart Building Integration After The Pandemic
Authors: Atmaca Merve
Published: May 2023

Technological developments have brought many innovations in terms of efficiency in the building sector as well as in the industry. “Smart Building” is a concept that brings together the digitalizing world with the changing terms of comfort and our behaviours that have become the normal of daily life. The smart buildings, that is a product of multidisciplinary study, aim at maximum functionality, savings and benefit. However, in the concept of “Smart Building”, the technical characteristics of the materials used in the building and even the flexible space organization that can change functions with mobile systems should also come to mind. When the design is viewed in terms of functional flexibility, flexible spaces that can serve different purposes simultaneously in the organization of the space will be discussed. With the online life that started after the pandemic, the design expectations are towards the inclusion of office functionality in standard residences.
Psycholinguistic Explanation in Lexical Acquisition of Second Language (L2) Adult Learners
Authors: Mokhtar Ahmad Azman
Published: May 2023

This paper is organized into several sections. First, a model of L2 lexical development is outlined. It starts with a review on the internal structure of the lexical entries in the mental lexicon. Then a comparison is made between the different conditions under which L2 and L1 are learned. The consequences of suchdifferences for L2 lexical development and representation are thus highlighted. Finally, the three stages of L2 vocabulary acquisition on the basis of what is represented in the lexical entry are applied.
An Analysis Of Figurative Language In The Song Lyrics of Map of The Soul : 7 Album
Authors: Nainggolan Feby Chintya , Elfrida Rotua
Published: May 2023

This study aims to find the types and the meanings of figurative language used in the lyrics of BTS songs on the album Map of the Soul: 7. The writer uses Abrams's theory (1999) in identifying the types of figurative language used. This study uses a descriptive qualitative analysis method in analyzing the data. The data were obtained from BTS songs contained in the album Map of the Soul: 7. This album has 19 songs, there are Interlude: Shadow, Outro: Ego, Intro: Persona, My Time, Black Swan, On, Filter, Friends, Moon, Inner Child, 00:00, Respect, UGH !, We Are Bulletproof: The Eternal, Jamais Vu, Dionysus, Make It Right, Boy With Luv and Louder Than Bombs. There were 53 data found. From the analysis, the writer found several types of figurative language used, there are 1 data of Synecdoche (1.88%), 1 data of Paradox (1.88%), 1 data of Sarcasm (1.88%), 1 data of Allusion (1.88%), 3 data of Apostrophe (5.67%), 3 data of Symbol (5.67%), 5 data of Simile (9.44%), 5 data of Antithesis (9.44%), 10 data of Hyperbole (18.86%), 11 data of Metaphor (20.76%), and 12 data of Personification (22.64%). The most dominant type of figurative language in the data is Personification. The writer found that BTS used some imgery on non-human objects as if they were acting like humans. In the data (2) "but my growing shadow swallows me and becomes monster", as is a well-known shadow is an object that is dark in color and has properties. However, in the song Interlude: Shadow, the word shadow is described as something that can act like a human that is swallowing. In the data, BTS describes that the shadow is like the fear they have in the future that can later bring down their current career.
Education For Children With Special Needs
Authors: Siahaan Mander Kristian
Published: May 2023

Children have the right to experience an educational system. Education is a fundamental right for children, whether the child is healthy or has a health problem. When the medical problem of the child impairs him to learn in a normal school, it is necessary to find alternative forms of study. The fundamental children’s right for education is offered to children with special needs by special schools.This article aims to explain the importance of inclusive education for children with special needs. This statement is based on the fact that children with special needs do not receive proper education like other normal children. This paper opens an understanding and insight into the rights of every citizen, especially children with special needs, to obtain a proper education. To achieve this goal, the author uses a literature study. The literature study in question is that the author reads and records the results of the study of this topic from various library sources such as books, journals, and other key reports. The results of the study show that many parents and the community think that the implementation of inclusive education is too urgent for children with special needs. Therefore, children with special needs often get less attention and do not get the same education rights as normal children.
A Contrastive Analysis between English and Batak Toba Language in Prefixes
Authors: Sianipar Herbert Mouren
Published: May 2023

Indonesia is one of the big countries in the world consists of many islands which are separated by oceans and islands that has many tribes as well as their languages. One of the tribes in Indonesia is Bataknese. Batak are an ethnic group from North Sumatra. Most of Bataknese are living in North Sumatra. In this contrastive analysis, the writer chooses two languages, first, English as the source language and Batak Toba language as the target language. The writer contrast the form, distribution, function and meaning of those two language and focused on the prfixes. There is correspondence between English and Batak Toba prefixes in terms of form, that is no prefix in Batak Toba can be attached to cluster; There is partly correspondence between English and Batak Toba prefixes in terms of distribution that there is no prefix in English that can be attached to base form of Adverb, either does Batak Toba; There is correspondence between English and Batak Toba prefixes in terms of function; There is partly correspondence between English and Batak Toba prefixes in terms of meaning of both language is not similar in whole. Therefore, in generally, the writer concludes that English and Batak Toba language are partly correspondence in prefixes.
The Effect of Synthesizing Strategy on Students’ Reading Comprehension at SMA Serdang Murni Lubuk Pakam
Authors: Tampubolon Sahlan , Rajagukguk Desi
Published: May 2023

This study focused on finding out the effect of Synthesizing Strategy on Students’ Reading Comprehension at SMASerdang Murni buk Pakam. A Thesis.This study was conducted in experimental Quantitative design. The populationof this research was Tenth Grade of students in SMA Serdang Murni Lubuk Pakam . There were seventy six studentsof the tenth grade senior high school students as the sample of research. This study was conducted with tworandomized groups namely Experimental Group and Control Group. The experimental group was taught by usingSynthesizing Strategy, while control group was taught without Synthesizing Strategy. The instrument of collectingthe data was a multiple choice test. The data were analyzed by using t-test. The calculation shown that t-observed(3.65) was higher than t-table (1.68) at the level of significance (α) 0.05 with the degree of freedom (df) 58. Itmeans that there was a significant effect of Synthesizing Strategy on students reading comprehension. So, the nullhypothesis (H0) is rejected and alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted.
The Equivalence and Shift Translation in Adjective Phrases of Indonesian as Source Language to English as Target Language as Found in students Writing Descriptive Test of SMK Negeri 1 Lumbanjulu
Authors: Manik Sondang , Hasibuan Ugaina
Published: May 2023

This study deals with the types of translation equivalence and shift adjective phrases and reason used translationequivalence and shift used on the students translation. This study used qualitative research. The data were collectedby translate paper and observation students translation in the classroom. The data are taken from translate paper inthe classroom. There are 268 translation equivalence and 211 translation shift. The data are analyzed based on typesof translation equivalence ( linguistic, paradigmatic, stylistic and syntematic) and translation shift ( structure, class,intra system and unit). After analyzing the data, the types of translation equivalence and shift used on the studentsand offer was dominantly used in classroom translation. The total of translation equivalence 268 divide by thefollowing Stylistic equivalence 64 and syntematic equivalence 204. The most dominant types of translationequivalence is syntematic equivalence. The total translation shift is 211 divide by the following by structure shift18, class shift 129 and 64 unit shift. The most dominant types translation shift is class shift.The suggestion are tothe English department students, to know the types of equivalence and shift translation, the English teachers inorder to improve the ability of the students in translating descriptive text by using translation equivalence and shiftespecially adjective phrases and to other researchers are suggested to make research by equivalence and shifttranslation from different prespective.
Idiomatic Translation of Umpasa in Delivering Ulos in Toba Batak Wedding Ceremony
Authors: Sinambela Erika , Hutagaol Lena Lestari
Published: May 2023

TobaBatak is one of most ethnic in Indonesia, it is located in North Sumatera. In Batak Toba ceremony, especiallyin Wedding Ceremony people used Umpasa to delivering the aim of blessing. Umpasa is pantun (verse) of bataktoba, it is consist of two stanzas. The first stanza consists of the upper part of a crease sheath and the next consist ofthe content. Umpasa is words can be changed according to what ceremony is held. Umpasa also has an importantrole in the lives of people especially in ceremony. It function as advices, prayer, recognation, common law, describehuman nature, to insinuate someone’s behavior, guidelines for democracy, etc. In this thesis Idiomatic Translationused to translated Umpasa, Idiomatic Translation use the natural foms of the receptor language. After analyzing thedata Umpasa is very important in Toba Batak especially for young people who do not know about Umpasa
FREQUENCY AND FACTORS OF CESAREAN SECTION IN LADY DOCTORS WORKING IN DIFFERENT HEALTH CARE FACILITY, PESHAWAR
Authors: ROEDA SHAMS  , FARHANA JABEEN SHAH  , SYEDA ZILE HARAM SABA SHAH  , SYEDA ANMOL SABA SHAH  , SAAD AHMAD KHAN  , MAHAM AYYAZ
Published: May 2023

Objectives: To determine the frequency and factors of cesarean section in lady doctors working in different health care facility, Peshawar

Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study over a period of one year from January 2016 to December 2016, in lady doctors working in different health care facility of Peshawar and comprised 2000. All the post operative cesarean section patients delivered singleton and alive baby admitted in gynecology wards in different health care facility of Peshawar were included in the study all the post operative cesarean section patients delivered singleton and alive baby, admitted in intensive care unit due to medical reasons and complication after surgery ,non cooperative and reluctant patients were excluded.

Results: The cesarean section was 60.05% in 30-39 years of age 72.25% in urban settings, 73% of the patients operated in public hospitals, 36.9% obese, 81.5% of respondents was of upper social class, 77% of patients had antenatal visits more than 2, maternal indications included CPD 10%, obstructed labor 17.5% where as fetal indications were fetal distress 23.5% and fetal mal presentation 11.5%.

Conclusion: The emergent cesarean section was more as compare to planned type.
COMPARISON OF RECTALLY ADMINISTERED MISOPROSTOL AND OXYTOCIN INFUSION FOR MANAGEMENT OF 3RD STAGE OF LABOUR IN 2ND TRIMESTER PREGNANCY LOSS
Authors: FAIQA SALEEM BAIG  , FOZIA ALI  , MUHAMMAD SHAHID  , AYESHA MALIK
Published: May 2023

Misoprostol and oxytocin are two common medications used to prevent PPH and other pregnancy related complications, particularly in pregnancy loss. Both of these drugs can be administered through different routes and have different effectiveness. So this study was done to compare the effectiveness of these drugs.

Objective: To compare the outcome of rectally administered misoprostol and oxytocin infusion for management of 3rd stage of labour in 2nd trimester pregnancy loss.

Material & Methods: The randomized control trial was conducted at department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lady Willingdon Hospital, Lahore. Then patients were randomly divided into two groups by using lottery method. In group A, 600 μg tablets of misoprostol was used rectally at the time of delivery of foetus. In group B, 20 IU of oxytocin was given I/V infusion at the time of delivery of foetus. For comparison independent sample t-test was used to compare blood loss in both study groups. P-value<0.05 was taken as significant.

Results: In our study the mean age of the patients was 27.35±6.35 years and the mean gestational age was 18.21±3.95 weeks, the mean blood loss was 369.28±87.26 ml. Retained placenta was observed in 48(17.1%) patients and the PPH was found in 15% patients. Statistically there is significant difference was observed between the study groups and retained placenta of the patients i.e. p-value=0.011.

Conclusion: The results of our study concluded that the use of misoprostol is an effective and feasible drug in blood loss, PPH and Retained placenta as compared to oxytocin drug in the managmenet of 3rd stage of labour in 2nd trimester pregnancy loss
FUNCTIONAL IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS
Authors: UMAR FAROOQ QURESHI  , MUHAMMAD NADEEM ANSARI  , MUHAMMAD NAVEED ASLAM  , MOHSIN KHAN
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Anemia is one of the major harms in hemodialysis patients, which is caused by inadequate production of erythropoietin. Functional iron deficiency (FID) anemia is a type of anemia, characterized by lack of functional iron. There are many markers identified for assessing FID in patients of chronic kidney disease(CKD). Of these the most sensitive marker is percentage of hypo chromic red cells (%HRC).

Objective: To observe the frequency of functional iron deficiency in patients of chronic kidney diseases by percentage of hypo chromic red cells.

Methodology: This study was carried out in the Ibnae –Sienna Hospital Multan from March 2016 to September 2016. All those CKD patients who were on hemodialysis and on erythropoietin stimulating agent (ESA) were included in the study. However, those patients who had history of chronic infections like tuberculosis or any history of malignancy were not included in this study. For this study, 150 patients on hemodialysis and on ESA were recruited. Hemoglobin (Hb), mean cell volume (MCV) and %Hypo were measured on the Sysmex XE 5000.

Results: A sum of 150 hemodialysis patients on ESA were enrolled in this study. Of these 57.3%were males while 42.7% were females. The average age of patients was 48.71±11.92 years. Functional iron deficiency was observed in 28.7% of patients on hemodialysis.

Conclusion: Percentage of hypochromic red cells (%HRC) is the most sensitive marker for diagnosis of FID. Timely diagnosis will help in reducing treatment related complications and improve quality of life.