bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A história em revista. José Saramago e O conto da ilha desconhecida
Authors: Oliveira Neto Pedro Fernandes de
Published: October 2023

É reconhecida a relação entre ficção e história na literatura de José Saramago. Muitos dos seus romances tratam o enredo com materiais colhidos na historiografia portuguesa. Mas, isso não se observa apenas no assim designado romance histórico e pode ser investigado noutras de suas obras, como O conto da ilha desconhecida. Este texto encontra no modelo da ficção historiográfica sua materialidade e isso se observa quando nos aproximamos de alguns dos seus elementos contextuais. A EXPO’98, evento para o qual foi escrito o conto, celebrava a relevância dos descobrimentos das últimas décadas do século XV, culminando com as Grandes Navegações enquanto sua narrativa se constitui, em resumo, na busca de um homem por um barco para descobrir uma ilha desconhecida. A partir da consolidada marca história-ficção na produção literária saramaguiana, buscamos ler este texto literário evidenciando semelhanças e dessemelhanças entre os dois campos a fim de observar outros traços possíveis nas fronteiras da grande metáfora que nele encerra e como o narrador ao tomar as marcas usuais da história as subverte e as constitui em ficção.
Fernando Ferreira de Loanda, poeta da geração de 45
Authors: Siqueira Joelma Santana
Published: October 2023

Neste artigo, apresentamos aspectos da trajetória artística do escritor Fernando Ferreira de Loanda, poeta e editor de poetas da geração de 45, e propomos uma leitura do poema “Ode para Jack London”, publicado pela primeira vez em 1948, para exemplificar sua forma de apropriação do legado clássico. Como outros poetas da geração de 45, Fernando Ferreira Loanda também retoma formas clássicas, sem abdicar de conquistas modernistas. E, também como outros poetas de sua geração, deixou-nos importante legado poético, crítico e editorial que merece ser estudando, tendo em vista a contribuição para a história da literatura brasileira moderna.
Coesão na escrita em português língua segunda
Authors: Nhatuve Diocleciano
Published: October 2023

O objetivo deste estudo é identificar o impacto das variáveis sociais sexo, idade, língua materna e contexto dos primeiros contactos ou da aprendizagem do português no estabelecimento dos mecanismos de coesão em textos escritos por estudantes moçambicanos de graduação. O estudo baseia-se numa abordagem mista e nas teorias sobre o papel das variáveis sociais e do conhecimento linguístico prévio no desenvolvimento de competências em línguas não maternas. A base empírica é constituída por textos escritos por estudantes universitários que se encontram no segundo ano do curso de graduação em Língua de Sinais de Moçambique. Os resultados da análise de dados indicam que as quatro variáveis são significativamente determinantes na ocorrência de dificuldades de estabelecer os mecanismos de coesão textual. Neste contexto, recomenda-se que sejam adotadas estratégias e políticas de ensino e de aprendizagem que permitam que os alunos melhorem as competências em português e consigam escrever textos coesos.
seique, de Susana Sanches Arins
Authors: Caetano Ricardo
Published: October 2023

Este trabalho propõe uma leitura do livro seique, da escritora Susana Sanches Arins, com o intuito de demonstrar o seu engajamento na árdua tarefa de reconstrução de uma memória familiar bastante traumática, decorrente do envolvimento de seu tio-avô Manuel em práticas repressivas durante a Guerra Civil Espanhola e ao longo de toda a ditadura franquista. A partir de uma escrita bem próxima da oralidade, Susana concebe uma narrativa singular, na qual a fragmentação, a ambiguidade, a ironia, a voz e o silêncio surgem como recurso de representação, como forma de denúncia de um passado obscuro e doloroso e que ainda afeta o presente das vítimas ou dos seus familiares. No decorrer da leitura, fica evidente que, para a escritora, remexer o passado e testemunhar a dor é, para além de um acerto de contas familiar, um compromisso com a memória, uma forma de salvar as lembranças através da escrita.
RESENHA DA COLETÂNEA MÉTODOS E TÉCNICAS DE PESQUISAS CIENTÍFICAS:
Authors: Leal Filpo Klever Paulo
Published: October 2023

Trata-se de resenha descritiva da coletânea métodos e técnicas de pesquisas científicas, organizada por Lúcia Vaz de Campos Moreira e Jardelino Menegat, publicado pela Editora Dialética no ano de 2021. Pretende-se fazer uma apreciação da referida obra em busca de aportes metodológicos capazes de nortear pesquisa, financiada pela fundação carlos chagas filho de amparo à pesquisa no estado do rio de janeiro – faperj, acerca de dificuldades de implementação do aluguel social no município de petrópolis – rj. o texto contém os dados bibliográficos, uma apresentação panorâmica e um resumo da obra resenhada, no que é pertinente para a pesquisa em foco. contém também uma reflexão sobre a importância da obra para a área acadêmica e científica.
TRANSFORMING EDUCATIONAL METHODS OF POLITICAL THEORY BEFORE IMPACT OF CHATGPT IN VIETNAM TODAY
Authors: Uoc Tran Mai
Published: October 2023

For the education industry, Chat GPT is predicted to change the way of teaching and learning. Adapting to Chat GPT will be a challenge for teaching, but it can also be an opportunity for universities to improve the education and teaching of political theory subjects. The article analyzes and clarifies the basic content of transforming political theory education methods under the impact of ChatGPT in Vietnam today. The results show that political theory education plays an important role in ideological orientation and personality formation for future generations in the context of innovation and development. With the development of technology, ChatGPT can be considered as an educational virtual assistant by helping learners quickly look up lessons and learning materials related to the topic of learning political theory subjects. In addition, the article has also pointed out and analyzed issues that need specific concern about changing teaching methods of political theory subjects before the impact of ChatGPT, related to: on the part of lecturers; change the way it is tested and evaluated; towards students. The limitation of this study is that it has not shown and analyzed solutions to improve the transformation of educational methods of political theory subjects before the impact of ChatGPT in Vietnam today.
UNIVERSITY LECTURERS VIEWS OF THE LEVEL OF SUSTAINABILITY AWARENESS AMONG COMPUTER EDUCATION STUDENTS
Authors: Hashim Zahraa , Köprülü Fatma
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this research is to examine how the communication model used in primary schools affects the academic performance of migrant students from Syria, as perceived by both teachers and students. The study aims to determine whether the communication model has positive or negative effects on the academic success of these students. Thus, the case study approach, a qualitative research methodology, was deemed favorable. The major subjects of this study are Syrian refugees now enrolled in elementary schools in the Turkish cities of Gaziantep as well as Hatay, as well as the instructors who instruct these pupils. Twenty-two Syrian refugee pupils and fifteen of their teachers were interviewed using a semi-structured form to collect their perspectives. NVivo R1 was used to do the analysis on the data collected during the semi-structured interview. The research findings indicate that the lack of proficiency in Turkish language had a detrimental impact on the academic performance of the students. The imperative for school stakeholders to address the communication challenges faced by immigrant students necessitates a collaborative approach. The lecturer adeptness in communication and their preparedness in handling immigrant students facilitate their ability to effectively address any challenges that may arise within the educational institutions they serve. The positive impact of this will be reflected in the accomplishment of two educators as well as learners.
REGARDING THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC POTENTIAL IN THE 21ST CENTURY:
Authors: Bohomaz Oksana , Koreneva Inna , Lihus Valentyn , Kambalova Yanina , Shevchuk Victoria , Tolchieva Hanna
Published: October 2023

Modern digital technologies contribute to the transformation of the social order and the integration of the latest information processing capabilities into everyday life. These trends are also characteristic of education and science as separate branches of the social whole. Therefore, the aim of the work is to analyze the technological challenges in the development of the educational and scientific potential of the XXI century. The methods of analysis and synthesis, comparativistic method, forecasting, modeling method were used in the study. The main empirical method was a survey in which 130 teachers and 100 scientific workers participated. It was found that the majority of teachers consider the use of digitalization achievements as inevitable and positive phenomena. Researchers are less optimistic - almost every third employee of the industry did not give a positive response to the impact of digitalization. It is determined that such a phenomenon is negatively perceived because of its ambiguous impact on academic virtue. Modern academics and educators equally understand the importance and significance of digital competence in today's globalized and informatized world. Among the problems, respondents named the technical equipment of educational and research institutions as relevant. Especially for scientists was the problem of insufficient funding. The conclusions noted the importance of conducting further research into the security of using digital tools in research and educational activities and defining a philosophical basis for the transformations, which will help to predict possible challenges in the future.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRELITERACY IN THE FAMILY OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: Hravova Aneta , Syslova Zora
Published: October 2023

The current study is part of a dissertation that deals with the development of reading literacy in a family of preschool children in kindergarten. This study aimed to determine the parental practices that influence preliteracy development in preschool children. For these purposes, a combination of research methods was used - a questionnaire, a diary of parents and an interview with parents. In this post, I present the interviews' results in comparison with the pre-test, which was aimed at determining language and speech skills. The results showed that the differences between parents' practices are noticeable, which to some extent corresponds to the results of individual children in a standardized language and speech skills test. At the end of the thesis, I consider the possible connections of these research findings.
EXAMINATION OF PEER PRESSURE IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS BASED ON TEACHERS' OPINIONS
Authors: Seda Sozen Işılay , Can Koç Mustafa
Published: October 2023

This study examines peer bullying behaviors among high school students between the ages of 15 and 18 based on teachers' opinions. The sample group consisted of a total of 30 teachers, 22 of whom were female and 8 of whom were male. All these teachers worked in high schools and equivalent schools in Istanbul. A total of 23 of the participants hold undergraduate degrees, and 7 of them hold postgraduate degrees. The participants were selected from different branches. The data were collected using the face-to-face interview technique. Teachers were asked 11 types of questions about peer pressure, and their responses were noted. The data were collected from volunteer teachers who were still on duty. The 'Peer Bullying Questionnaire in Schools', developed by the researchers and determined according to expert opinions and consisting of two parts, was used as a data collection tool. The first part of the peer bullying questionnaire includes the demographic characteristics of the participants, and the second part includes 11 types of questions for teachers about peer pressure. Consequently, this research is a study that reflects the peer bullying cases that students have been exposed to, how students react to such bullying, what kind of attitude teachers have towards such behaviors, how they act as teachers, why bullying behaviors develop, and how they suggest solutions to such behaviors. The results of the present study showed that peer bullying is a highly prevalent problem in high schools, and the students mostly suffered from verbal and social bullying. Familial factors were reported as the major cause of peer bullying. Teachers stated that the first source they used to cope with bullying was the school's psychological counseling and guidance services. The results of the present study were discussed based on the available literature, the study's limitations were indicated, and suggestions for future practical and theoretical studies were presented.
Histotopographical Features of the Diaphragm in Normal Conditions and with its Metastatic Lesions
Authors: Prosvetov V. A. , Gaivoronskii I. V. , Surov D. A. , Goryacheva I. A.
Published: October 2023

The study of regional histotopographic features of the diaphragm in normal conditions and in various types of metastatic lesions is of practical importance in abdominal oncology when planning cytoreductive surgical interventions and diaphragmatic peritonectomy.

The aim was to study the histotopographic structure of the diaphragm in normal and peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Material and methods. 40 non-embalmed preparations of the cadaveric diaphragm were used to prepare histotopograms of their various parts. The surgical material of 77 patients who underwent cytoreductive intervention and diaphragmatic peritonectomy of various volumes was also studied and histological preparations were made. Regional histotopographic features of the diaphragm in normal and metastatic lesions were studied. A correlation analysis of the size of carcinomatous nodes and the depth of tumor invasion was carried out.

Results. It was found that the histotopographic structure in various parts of the diaphragm is normally specific and has a number of differences. Metastatic damage to the diaphragm in peritoneal carcinomatosis differs in size of tumor nodes, in depth of tumor invasion, and in combined lesion of adjacent anatomical structures. In most cases, the size of carcinomatous lesions directly correlated with the depth of tumor invasion, however, it was found that a number of large tumor nodes do not have such   a   depth   of   germination,   but   affect   only   the   superficial   layers of   the   diaphragm (peritoneum and  diaphragmatic fascia).

Conclusion. The results of studying the depth of tumor invasion, which is often associated with the size of carcinomatous nodes, can be implemented in clinical practice when planning cytoreductive surgical interventions and performing diaphragmatic peritonectomy.
Clinical Aspects of Connexins 37, 40, 43, 45 Expression in the Embryonic and Adult Kidneys
Authors: Shapovalova E. Yu. , Kutuzova L. A. , Vasilenko S. A. , Baranovskii A. G.
Published: October 2023

Nowdays,  there  is  a  wide  variety  of  judgments  regarding  the  specific  expression  of  some forms of connexins (Cx) in the renin apparatus of the embryonic and adult kidneys. Establishing the exact intrarenal localization of Cx 40, 37, 43, 45 is a prerequisite for understanding their functional role in normal renal organogenesis,  as  well  as  in  maintaining  fluid  homeostasis  and  controlling renin  secretion.  At  8–10 weeks  of embryonic development, the expression of various Cx is observed in the epithelium of blood vessels and renal tubules, as well as in the region of the renal renin apparatus, but with different patterns of expression and intensity over time. During embryogenesis, the expression of Cx 40 is higher than that of Cx 43, 37, and 45. In the postnatal period, the expression of Cx 40 decreases, while the expression of others increases. Cx 40 is involved in the  formation  of  the renin  apparatus  in  the  developing  kidney,  while  Cx 37,  Cx 43,  and  Cx 45  are  involved  in signaling important for postnatal maintenance of kidney function and blood pressure control. Knockout Cx 45 is a lethal mutation that leads to impaired differentiation of smooth muscle tissue of arterioles. On the contrary, the deletion of individual genes Cx 37, 40 and 43 has little effect on renal organogenesis, probably due to the redundancy  and  interchangeability  of  various  connexin  isoforms.  Experimental  studies  in  the  adult  kidney demonstrate  that arterial endothelial  cells express Cx 40  and Cx 37 and, to a lesser extent, Cx 43, while smooth muscle  cells express Cx 45. The cells of the renin apparatus are characterized by the expression of Cx 37, Cx 40, Cx 43 and Cx 45, with the highest content of Cx 40, especially in juxtaglomerular cells. Adequate and coordinated work of Cx is crucial for the regulation of renal hemodynamics and renin secretion in nephrology. The use of specific connexin-mimetic peptides may lead to the development of more effective methods for controlling renin secretion.
Transcriptome Profiling of Male Adult Angiostrongylus cantonensis
Authors: Yue Guo , Liang Yu , Ying Dong , Hongchang Zhou , Qian Shang Ya , Long Zhang De , Qiang Chen Gao , Bei Jiang , Ting Wu Wan , Mingke Lu
Published: October 2023

Background: The pathogen of angiostrongyliasis is the parasite Angiostrongylus cantonensis, and the transcriptome profiling of the male adult was unclear. We aimed to understand how the male adults adapt, so the expression profile of A. cantonensis adult males was analyzed.
Methods: In order to improve the understanding of the transcriptome of adult males, RNA from three groups of male adult A. cantonensis was extracted and reverse transcribed to construct cDNA libraries. After sequencing, annotation of unigenes and transcripts was performed by querying the NR (Non-Redundant Protein Sequence Database), GO (Gene Ontology) and COG/ KOG (Clusters of Orthologous Groups of proteins/euKaryotic Ortholog Groups) databases.
Results: For each group of adults, 43,260,894 raw reads and 43,200,341 clean reads were obtained. After successful assembly, 87,649 unigenes and 146,895 transcripts were obtained. Annotation of the unigenes and transcripts was identical and male adults expressed a series of genes encoding proteins specific to the male gender at the adult stage, such as proteins involved in energy metabolism, energy synthesis and transport. Expression of the ribosome pathway suggests a relationship with the physical activities during the adult male stage.
Conclusion: The transcriptome analysis is a good reference to understand further the expression profile of male adult A. cantonensis.
TGF-β Targeted by miR-27a Modulates Anti-Parasite Responses of Immune System
Authors: Hamidi Faezeh , Mohammadi-Yeganeh Samira , Hoseini Mostafa Haji Molla , Seyyed Tabaei Seyyed Javad , Taghipour Niloofar , Koochaki Ameneh , Hosseini Vahedeh , Haghighi Ali
Published: October 2023

Background: Immune cells and their secreted cytokines are known as the first barrier against pathogens. Leishmania major as an intracellular protozoan produces anti-inflammatory cytokines that lead to proliferation and survival of the parasite in the macrophages. miRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate mRNAs expression. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the expression of TGF-β and a bioinformatically candidate miRNA, in leishmaniasis as a model of TGF-β overexpression.
Methods: The miRNAs that target TGF-β -3´UTR were predicted and scored by bioinformatic tools. After cloning of TGF-β-3'UTR in psi-CHECK TM- 2 vector, targeting validation was confirmed using Luciferase assay. After miRNA mimic transfection, the expression of miR-27a, TGF-β, as well as Nitric Oxide concentration was evaluated.
Results: miR-27a received the highest score for targeting TGF-β in bioinformatic predictions. Luciferase assay confirmed that miR-27a is targeting TGF-β-3'UTR, since miR-27a transfection decreased the luciferase activity. After miRNA transfection, TGF-β expression and Nitric Oxide concentration were declined in L. major infected macrophages.
Conclusion: Bioinformatic prediction, luciferase assay, and miRNA transfection results showed that miR-27a targets TGF-β. Since miRNA and cytokine-base therapies are developing in infectious diseases, finding and validating miRNAs targeting regulatory cytokines can be a novel strategy for controlling and treating leishmaniasis.
Effects of deferoxamine versus deferasirox on hematology and liver parameters in children with beta-thalassemia major: A cross-sectional study from a single center
Authors: Al-Nimer Marwan S. , Hamasalih Raz M. , Ratha Rawa
Published: October 2023

Background: Iron chelating agents (ICAs) may induce changes in the blood and the liver indices. This study aimed to compare the effects of deferasirox (oral) and deferoxamine (parenteral) on the hematological and liver indices.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients at the Thalassemia Center in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. The study included 76 β-thalassemia major children (37 females and 39 males, with a median age of 6 years). The patients were divided into Group I (n = 51, treated with deferasirox) and Group II (n = 25, treated with deferoxamine). Complete blood count and liver enzymes (alanine [ALT] and aspartate [AST] aminotransferase) were determined; the hemoglobin densities were calculated to differentiate absolute from restrictive iron deficiency; and the fibrosis-4 score (FIB-4, aspartate-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), and (AST/ALT ratio) were calculated.
Results: Hemoglobin density indices showed restricted iron deficiency in both treated groups. However, serum ferritin level was higher in Group II than in Group I (1.9 times higher, p=0.037).
Also, the median value of MCV in Group II was significantly higher than in Group I (79.8 fL vs. 77.0 fL, respectively). In contrast, liver fibrosis indices defined with the mean values of AST-to-ALT ratio and FIB-4 score were higher in Group I compared to Group II. A positive and significant correlation was observed between APRI level and serum ferritin in Group I (r = 0.518, df = 49, p<0.001).
Conclusions: Based on the data, it can be concluded that both deferasirox and deferoxamine affect red blood cells parameters, which may be related to their function as ICAs, leaing to temporary iron deficiency in treated patients. Both drugs may induce inconsistent changes in the liver which are highly associated with circulating ferritin level. However, the destructive effect of deferasirox on the liver is more evident, leading to the induction of fibrosis
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura: An uncommon manifestation of Hepatitis A with acute liver failure
Authors: Dey Pranab Kumar , Das Eshita , De Nairit
Published: October 2023

Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) infection is a benign, self-limited gastrointestinal infection of children. Autoimmune hematological manifestation is very rare in children. Here, we report an 11-year-old male child having HAV infection with acute liver failure, complicated with persistent thrombocytopenia and haematuria during the course of illness and eventually diagnosed as a case of HAV infection associated with immune thrombocytopenic purpura. The child was treated successfully with a short course of steroid therapy.
Ensemble learning models for the prediction of the weekly peak of PM2.5 concentration in Algiers, Algeria
Authors: Ghazi Sabri , Dib Ahmed , Mendjel Mohamed Said Mehdi , Khadir Tarek , Dugdale Julie
Published: October 2023

Introduction: This paper focuses on the prediction of weekly peak levels of Particulate Matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5 ), using various Machine Learning (ML) models. The study compares ML models to deep learning models and emphasizes the explain ability of ML models for PM2.5 prediction.
Materials and methods: We examine different combinations of features and time window dimensions to evaluate the performance of ML models. It utilizes Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Decision Tree (DT), and five Ensemble Models (EL) including AdaBoost, XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, and Random Forest (RF). The dataset includes three years of daily measurements of weather parameters and PM2.5.
Results: Lagged values of PM2.5 improves prediction performance, particularly when the lagged value window size spans seven days or multiples thereof. This confirms that road traffic, which exhibits a weekly seasonality, is the primary source of PM2.5 in Algiers. Interestingly, including lagged values of weather parameters decreases prediction performance, even when chosen based on their correlation with PM2.5. The AdaBoost model performs the best, achieving a Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 2.899 µg/m³ and an R2 value of 0.96.
Conclusion: EL models, specifically AdaBoost, exhibit strong performance in predicting PM 2.5 levels. They not only provide accurate predictions but also allow analysis of feature importance. Lagged values of PM2.5 have a greater impact on predictions compared to weather parameters. Surprisingly, including weather parameters hampers prediction performance. Therefore, the utilization of ensemble learning models offers valuable insights into feature significance.
Monitoring spatiotemporal changes of NO2	using TROPOMI and sentinel-5 images for Dhaka city and its surrounding areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Shobnom Nobonita , Hossain Shahadad , Roni Rezaul
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Discernable air pollution occurs in most developing countries due to rapid urbanization which can be parameterized by air, humidity, population density, temperature, contaminants, exorbitant fossil fuel consumption, and inadequate transportation. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), one of the most widely recognized air pollutants, has a detrimental impact on human health explicitly or implicitly and considerably influences on atmospheric composition.
Materials and methods: In this study, NO2 intensity was analyzed from 2018 with aiming to monitor spatiotemporal changes in Dhaka and its surrounding areas with the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) sensor data. Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite data was used in the Google Earth Engine platform to get the result.
Results: The results revealed a strong relationship (R2 =0.9478) between the NO2 concentration and high population density and the temporal variation is higher during the pre-monsoon than throughout the post-monsoon. The reason behind is the lack of sunlight and the difficulty to break down the NO2, which causes the removal of NO2 from the atmosphere to proceed more slowly. In contrast, Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) are also impacted by the high concentration which is remains in the built-up area.
Conclusion: This research mainly considered that how NO2 concentration measured from satellite images with temporal variation within a year and what factors strongly influence raising NO2 levels. This model can be used for policy-making to take proper initiatives to reduce NO2 concentrations. The result showed significant uses of TROPOMI with relating population density and LULC in Dhaka and its surrounding areas of Bangladesh.
A new imputation method for population mean in the presence of missing data based on a transformed variable with applications to air pollution data in Chiang Mai, Thailand
Authors: Thongsak Natthapat , Lawson Nuanpan
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Chiang Mai’s air pollution has risen to number one in the world for the highest level of fine particulate matter which further exacerbates the damage to human health. Fine particulate matter can enter the human body and blood circulation, destroying organ systems, increasing the risk for chronic disease and cancer, despite not having smoking habits or other morbidities. The Thai government must sort out this issue before it is too late as the whole nation’s health is at risk due to excessive dust levels higher than standard guidelines. Collection of pollution data can help us to come up with solutions and prevent it from turning into a hazardous situation. Unfortunately, pollution data are missing and need to be dealt with before analysis to obtain accurate results.
Materials and methods: A new method of imputation for estimating population mean based on a transformed variable has been suggested under simple random sampling without replacement and the uniform nonresponse mechanism. The bias and mean square error of the proposed estimator are investigated up to the first order of approximation. The performance of the proposed estimator is studied via applications to air pollution data in Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Results: The proposed estimator shows the best performance, giving the least bias and mean square error for all levels of sampling fractions. For the results from application the estimated value of sulfur dioxide from Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5), the Percentage Relative Efficiency (PRE) is higher than all existing estimators by at least 16%. For the estimated PM2.5 from PM10 the PRE is higher than all existing estimators by at least 1600%, an extremely significant difference exhibiting similarity to real values.
Conclusion: The proposed imputation technique based on the transformed auxiliary variable can be helpful for imputing missing values and improving the efficiency of the estimators.
Impact of roof shape on indoor gaseous pollutant level for natural ventilation buildings in a street canyon: Numerical simulation
Authors: Xie Haiying , Zhang Tianxiao
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Coupling the indoor and outdoor airflow of roadside buildings in a street canyon, the impact of flat and triangular roofs on indoor air pollutant concentration and ventilation rates of naturally ventilated buildings is studied using numerical simulation methods.
Materials and methods: The flow and pollutant diffusion control equations are solved by using ANSYS Fluent. In simulation, RNG k-ε turbulence model is adopted. The numerical model is validated using the three-dimensional street canyon test data from the wind tunnel experiment at University of Karlsruhe.
Results: The flow and pollutant concentration distributions under different roof shapes are obtained. The ventilation rates with different air flow resistances and pollution level indoors are provided.
Conclusion: Ventilation direction through windows of roadside buildings determines the level of indoor air polluted by vehicle emissions in street canyon. When the building main height equals to the width of the street, flat roofs make the indoor concentration basically consistent with that near the external walls of the canyon. The higher the triangular roofs, the higher the ventilation rate and the lower the indoor concentration. The ventilation rate is influenced not only by roofs, but also by the floor location and indoor ventilation resistance.v
Comparing the Quality of Work Life and Job Embeddedness Based on the Life Orientation of Optimistic-Pessimistic Nature: Case Study, Pasargad Insurance Offices in Kermanshah
Authors: M Mashalpourfard , B Amirpour , M Zakerpanah
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Today, the insurance industry is considered one of the most essential factors in wealth and social well-being production. This industry is based on economic service and has a critical and sensitive position in economic growth and development, especially in developing countries. Since human resources are the most valuable capital to realize the goals of this industry, therefore, it is necessary to examine the factors related to the psychological empowerment of employees. Based on this, the current research was conducted to compare the quality of work life and job embeddedness based on the life orientation of optimistic-pessimistic nature in Kermanshah insurance offices.
Methods: This study was a causal-comparative study in terms of goals and descriptive in terms of the data-gathering procedure. The sample size of the research was 280 people (62 women and 218 men) from the employees of Pasargad Insurance in Kermanshah city in 1401, which were selected by convenience sampling. To collect data, Walton's Quality of Work Life (QWL), Ardalan et al.'s Job Embeddedness (JEQ), and Sheyer & Carver's Life Orientation (LOT) questionnaires were used. The research data were analyzed using SPSS-27 software and multivariate analysis of variance.
Results: The results of the MANOVA test showed that all the dimensions of the quality of work life are different based on the life orientation of optimistic-pessimistic nature. This claim is also true about the six components of occupational institutionalization and shows, that the dimensions of job embeddedness are based on the life orientation of optimistic-pessimistic nature have a significant difference.
Conclusion: Optimism as a hopeful expectation in a specific situation can play a significant role in the quality of working life, and the desire to continue working and creating attachment to organizational tasks. As a result, it is suggested that managers prepare training programs for employees to adopt an optimistic orientation in life to reduce job abandonment and attachment to the organization, which is a consequence of job embeddedness.
The Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy and Comparing its Effectiveness with Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction of Job Stress and its Components in Employees with Job Stress
Authors: M Soltani , H Farhadi , Gh Manshaee , A Mehdad
Published: October 2023

Introduction: job stress is defined as the accumulation of stressful factors in job-related situations, which most people agree is stressful, and it can be the direct factor in the intention to leave the job. The present study investigates the effectiveness of virtual reality exposure therapy and compares its effectiveness with mindfulness-based stress reduction based on mindfulness on the components of job stress employees with job stress.
 Materials and Methods: The research design was a semi-experimental pre and post-test with a control group and a follow-up phase. The statistical population included all employees with job stress in a private company in Isfahan City in 2022, and the research sample included 45 employees who were randomly divided into three groups of 15: virtual reality therapy, mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy, and Controls were replaced. The people of the two intervention groups participated in the intervention sessions; The first experimental group underwent eight 20-minute weekly sessions of virtual reality therapy, and the second experimental group underwent eight weekly 45-minute sessions based on the Kabat-Zin training package (1990 and 2013), but for the control group no interventions were performed. The participants responded to the occupational stress questionnaire of the Health and Safety Institute of England Steinmetz (HSE) (1990) in three stages. The research data were analyzed with analysis of covariance and Bonferroni's post hoc test and using SPSS23 statistical software at two descriptive and inferential levels.
 Results: The results of covariance analysis and Bonferroni's post hoc test indicated that both intervention methods equally and effectively reduced occupational stress in the fields of role, communication, support of colleagues, changes in employees, and the effect of both interventions remained stable over time (P<0.01). Although both methods of intervention reduced the pressure and job stress of employees, and the components of stress include support, control, and demand from officials, and its effect remained constant over time, virtual reality treatment was more effective in both stages (P>0.05). 
Conclusion: The results showed that virtual reality courses and stress reduction based on mindfulness can reduce the tensions and job stress of personnel and employees of organizations.
Odpowiedzialność naturalna człowieka
Authors: Kruszyński Rafał Jerzy
Published: October 2023

The study deals with a phenomenon of responsibility. It distinguishes between natural responsibility and moral responsibility or legal responsibility (liability). The central intention of the text is to reveal that responsibility does not refer only to moral or legal dimensions. The natural responsibility is greater (more important) than the moral responsibility or legal one. What is more, both the moral responsibility and the legal responsibility are changeable. The natural responsibility instead, is constant and concerns all the mankind in the same way.
Problem zakresu odpowiedzialności moralnej profesjonalistów i jego zastosowania w etyce prawniczej
Authors: Skuczyński Paweł
Published: October 2023

The study concerns a problem of lawyers’ moral responsibility which belongs to the philosophical areas of professional ethics. There are three interpretations of the moral responsibility of lawyers. The simplest of them limits the moral responsibility of the subject to the sphere of duties resulting from social relations connected directly with the subject, in particular professional roles. Hence, in this case we usually speak of the so-called role-responsibility. The second interpretation of the moral responsibility of the subject broadens its scope in comparison to the previous one in that the subject is not only accountable for a sphere of a duty determined by social roles played, but also for the sphere in which their actions may have any sort of influence. In the philosophy of morality this is linked to the question of supererogation. The final concept of a subject’s moral responsibility defines its scope as wide as possible. This means that it encompasses also the sphere in which it does not have any influence. Thus, it may be said that this is responsibility for the present state of the whole world and for this reason it is described as existential responsibility. Additionally, the application of the problem in the fields of legal ethics is discussed, i.e. the issue of “just defences” and the adversary system excuse.
Odpowiedzialność karna za wykonanie zabiegu leczniczego bez zgody pacjenta (wybrane aspekty)
Authors: Liszewska Agnieszka
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study is to present the issues of binding force statement of intent expressing objection to taking saving life actions in case of such a need in the future. This problem becomes current when a patient is unconscious and they cannot express their will basing on an assessment of all of the circumstances regarding their health. In the study the current legal status and judicature are being analysed. The analysis leads to the conclusion that the lack of legal regulations in Poland concerning the so-called statements pro futuro precludes a doctor from making a right assessment of his duties in the context of criminal responsibility for their negligence. It concerns both a duty to act and a negligence of life or health saving actions. The lack of legal criteria assessments of a doctor’s responsibility in the context of criminal responsibility for their negligence precludes from acknowledging statements pro futuro as obliging to negligence of treatment. The Polish law guarantees the patient the right to the self – determination in insufficient way but the constitutional principle of specificity of an offence (nullum crimen sine lege) does not give a permission to attribute criminal responsibility to the doctor for performing intervention despite the existence of such a statement, because the prohibition of undertaking the medical interventions in case of an objection raised before occurrence of the situation that needs such an intervention must have a source in the binding rules.
Odpowiedzialność z tytułu zapobiegania i naprawiania szkód w środowisku
Authors: Jaworowicz-Rudolf Agnieszka
Published: October 2023

The study introduces the rules of liability for failure to perform an obligation to prevent damage to the environment and an obligation to repair damage to the environment, which is subject to regulation by the Act of 2007 on the prevention of environmental damage and the repair of damage to the environment. It is primarily the responsibility of an administrative nature. The author emphasizes a narrow approach by the legislature to the concept of damage to the environment and the complexity of the issue of liability in case of breach of the environment or its element.
Kształtowanie roli i demokratyczna odpowiedzialność wójta, burmistrza i prezydenta miasta jako lokalnego przywódcy (aspekty prawne i polityczne)
Authors: Kasiński Michał
Published: October 2023

The present study shows the process of shaping the concept of local leadership in Poland, which concerns mayors of rural communes, mayors and presidents of cities, directly elected by citizens − and their role as local government executive leaders. Particular attention is paid to legal and political mechanisms of their election and political (democratic) responsibility towards the citizens. In these mechanisms, there have been detected factors which substantially weaken social trustworthiness of the role of the leader and its democratic advantages. These factors especially include a low rate of vote turnout (both in local election and in referenda for dismissal from any of the offices listed above) and various informational manipulations aimed at distorting the true picture of public opinion in these matters. The author has pointed to dysfunction of regulations and political phenomena, which cause that the concept of a local leader in Poland has met very serious difficulties in practice and is not trusted by the community.
Wybrane aspekty współczesnej sprawozdawczości podatkowej
Authors: Macudziński Mariusz
Published: October 2023

Artykuł podejmuje tematykę obowiązku sprawozdawczości i przekazywania informacji administracji skarbowej o zdarzeniach mających wpływ na zidentyfikowanie zobowiązania podatkowego. Autor stara się również wykazać, że współczesne obowiązki podatkowe w zakresie przesyłania różnych danych o aktywności w obszarze podatkowym i gospodarczym wychodzą zdecydowanie poza standardowe utarte schematy i relacje deklaracja – organ podatkowy.
Kuchnia ubogich. Elity intelektualne Wilna wobec zjawiska głodu w pierwszej połowie XIX wieku
Authors: Korybut-Marciniak Maria
Published: October 2023

Artykuł jest analizą problemów niedożywienia wśród niższych warstw społecznych na ziemiach litewsko-białoruskich w latach zaborów. Autorka charakteryzuje przyczyny ubóstwa oraz rozwój działalności charytatywnej, której jednym z głównych celów było wyeliminowanie głodu. Podstawą źródłową są artykuły działaczy społecznych publikowane w pismach wileńskich oraz sprawozdania i roczne sprawozdania Wileńskiego Towarzystwa Dobroczynności z pierwszej połowy XIX w., które przedstawiają diety zubożałych grup objętych pomocą filantropijną.
Wokół tradycji wielkopolskiego stołu: przedmioty, ludzie, obyczaje
Authors: Prałat Emilian
Published: October 2023

Artykuł poświęcony zaprezentowaniu stołu i jadalni w perspektywie spuścizny materialnej związanej z wielkopolskim ziemiaństwem. Uwagę zwrócono na obiekty i miejsca o znaczeniu historycznym, związane z ważnymi dla kultury postaciami. Ukazano również fragmenty wspomnień i korespondencji poświęcone m.in. stołom, przy których odbywały się seanse spirytystyczne. Poprzez analizę poszczególnych świadectw zwrócono uwagę na wielopoziomowe znaczenie stołu w kulturze XIX i na początku XX w.
La gestión de la reforma global de la educación en Ecuador
Authors: Aguerrondo Ines , Chiriboga Montalvo Cinthia
Published: October 2023

El presente estudio de caso de Ecuador busca evidenciar la complejidad que presenta la gestión de una reforma educativa, cuando se trata de poner en marcha cambios profundos implementados en diversos niveles y en aspectos medulares de los sistemas educativos públicos, en la modalidad de whole system reform caracterizada por Michael Fullan. Para ello es necesario contar con una visión explícita de mediano y largo alcance, así como ser capaces de mantenerse en el tiempo con el fin de lograr impacto positivo y directo en diferentes variables de interés para todos los países: cobertura, eficiencia, calidad y equidad. El análisis cobra relevancia porque, a partir de marcos de análisis de la planificación situacional y de las ciencias de la complejidad, referidos a cómo gestionar reformas generales de la educación, presenta evidencia de un caso en el que la gestión de gobierno ha logrado iniciar cambios sustantivos generalizados.
Acciones de mejora para la formación en educación media según el análisis de resultados en Saber 11
Authors: Sáenz Paola , Toro Sebastián
Published: October 2023

Para un mejoramiento de la formación es estratégico conocer los resultados de las Pruebas Saber 11, las diferencias en los puntajes y correlaciones estadísticas entre los resultados y las características personales, familiares, socioeconómicas y académicas de las estudiantes. Este estudio mixto secuencial explora las percepciones y las propuestas de mejoramiento formativo hechas por profesores en una institución de educación media técnica, en la región suroccidental colombiana, relacionadas con este tipo de información estadística, luego de conocer los resultados de las Pruebas Saber 11 de sus estudiantes, entre 2017 y 2020. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas en las medias de los puntajes cuando los datos son agrupados según las características; también evidencia una correlación positiva fuerte entre matemáticas, ciencias naturales, sociales y ciudadanas, y muestran la necesidad de reconocer las circunstancias de vida de las estudiantes y de los factores que inciden en los resultados. Se destacan las propuestas del profesorado de desarrollar habilidades para analizar datos, la revisión curricular desde diferentes perspectivas, fortalecer la escuela de padres, la didáctica y la institución, la toma de decisiones basada en datos y la formación de los profesores en prácticas de investigación cuantitativa.
Revving Up Growth: A Study of the Positive Impact of e-Commerce Adoption by SMEs
Authors: Sharma Sunil
Published: October 2023

The emergence of electronic commerce has significantly altered the manner in which small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) conduct their operations. E-commerce has helped SMEs overcome many of the problems they had when they first started out in the consumer market. This paper examines the positive impacts of e-commerce on SMEs and examines how the adoption of e-commerce has proven to be a growth engine for these businesses. By means of our thorough analysis of case studies, interviews, and industry reports, we demonstrate how e-commerce has opened up novel markets, augmented revenue, streamlined operations, and widened customer reach for small and medium-sized enterprises. By embracing e-commerce, small and medium-sized enterprises have been able to compete on a more level playing field with larger and more established enterprises. As the global e-commerce market continues to expand, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that have not yet embraced e-commerce may be at risk of being left behind.