bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Companhia de Jesus e o Seminário de Santa Fé em Goa (1541-1548)
Authors: Borges Felipe Augusto Fernandes , Menezes Sezinando Luiz , Costa Célio Juvenal
Published: November 2020

O artigo aborda o período inicial da implantação do Seminário de Santa Fé, fundado pelos portugueses em Goa, a chegada e cooperação dos jesuítas nesta iniciativa e, por fim, a transferência do Seminário para os cuidados da Companhia de Jesus, que foi disciplinado pelas “Constituições do Seminário de Santa Fé”. Procuramos analisar os objetivos do Seminário e sua relevância dentro do processo colonizador português, tendo em vista, principalmente, os relatos constantes nas fontes documentais da época, publicados na “Documenta Indica” (Wicki, 1948) e na “Documentação para a História do Padroado Português do Oriente” (Rego, 1950). O recorte temporal utilizado vai de 1541, ano da fundação do Seminário de Santa Fé em Goa, ao ano de 1548, quando os jesuítas fundam o Colégio de São Paulo e anexam o Seminário a esta instituição. Conforme procuramos demonstrar, o Seminário de Santa Fé era uma instituição voltada à cristianização e ao “aportuguesamento” das populações autóctones da Índia: era uma instituição, de uma só vez, voltada tanto aos objetivos da Igreja quanto aos da Coroa.
O Desembargo do Paço e a viúva “imbecil” e “decrépita” no caminho da Lei Testamentária de 25 de junho de 1766
Authors: Rodrigues Cláudia
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo tem como base uma documentação inédita transcrita do Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo, em Portugal. Trata-se do processo de confirmação da doação remuneratória inter vivos e causa mortis, feita pela viúva portuguesa Luíza Maria de Abreu a Ventura Pinheiro, em 1766, junto ao Desembargo do Paço. A partir da análise da tramitação do processo neste que era o tribunal superior da justiça portuguesa, identificarei os pontos de intercessão entre a doação da viúva e a implementação da primeira Lei Testamentária de 25 de junho de 1766. Elaborada pela Mesa do Desembargo do Paço, esta visava impedir a prática de redação de testamentos por estranhos – leigos e clérigos – à família consanguínea do testador, especialmente se este estivesse vulnerável por doença, imbecilidade ou decrépita idade. Ao investigar as relações entre o caso da viúva, a atuação do Desembargo do Paço e esta Lei testamentária, é possível compreender aspectos significativos da política regalista que perpassou as reformas pombalinas das décadas de 1760 e 1770. Essas reformas incidiriam fortemente sobre o direito sucessório e a prática testamentária no mundo português, impactando os costumes até então vigentes de os testadores legarem boa parte dos bens para a Igreja em busca da salvação da alma, em detrimento da sua família e dos parentes consanguíneos.
Utopia: categoria da análise social?
Authors: Caruso André
Published: November 2020

Utopia foi o nome que Thomas More deu à ilha descoberta por Rafael Hitlodeu, o navegador português personagem do seu livro. Desde o século XVI, outras ilhas e sociedades ideais foram criadas por escritores insatisfeitos com o mundo em que viviam. Entretanto, uma mudança ocorreu no século XIX. Utopia deixou de ser apenas o nome da ilha de More e se tornou um conceito amplamente utilizado por filósofos e cientistas sociais. O objetivo deste trabalho é acompanhar o processo de transformação da utopia em categoria da análise social. Gostaríamos de ressaltar as limitações que o uso indiscriminado dessa categoria impõe ao estudo de textos e fenômenos considerados “utópicos”. Por fim, analisaremos brevemente o caso das missões jesuíticas na antiga Província do Paraguai, reputadas como “utopias” desde meados do século XIX.
Mobile Technologies in Disaster Healthcare
Authors: Madanian Samaneh , Abbas Reem Abubakr , Norris Tony , Parry Dave
Published: November 2020

The increasing penetration of smartphones and their ability to host mobile technologies have shown valuable outcomes in disaster management; albeit, their application in disaster medicine remains limited. In this chapter, the authors explore the role of mobile technologies for clinical applications and communication and information exchange during disasters. The chapter synthesizes the literature on disaster healthcare and mobile technologies before, during, and after disasters discusses technological and operational aspects. They conclude by discussing limitations in the field and prospects for the future.
Legal, Regulatory, and Compliance Issues in Platform Management
Authors: Gloverberg Romeo
Published: November 2020

The egalitarian community of Africa is deeply immersed, and it can confront the negative emissions of evading super-platform activities on the development of indigenous platforms. The fantasy of the over half a billion mobile users by 2020 and the 521,614,944 internet users is too good a reality to plunge into dismay, and worse, to fertile economic misalignment and deny the growth of nearly 50% increase in the teeming youth of Africa by 2050. No government is in a position to create economic chaos; neither will any government throw away the digital age of opportunities and technological innovations. It is therefore plausible to uncover the missing pieces/puzzle in our legal, regulatory, and compliance management of platforms. In furtherance, this chapter provides a revolutionary discovery to foster a systemic transformation of innovative strategies compatible with the African environment towards solving the puzzle.
Africa's Platform and the Shared Economy
Authors: Umukoro Immanuel Ovemeso
Published: November 2020

As African economies make efforts to compete with the rest of the world's economies, technological innovations are critical towards attaining inclusive development. Platforms remain one of the innovations that are shaping the growth trajectory of many African countries, and while they seem to offer diverse benefits and opportunities to leapfrog development, there are also attendant challenges that need to be addressed if African economies seek to maximize the opportunities of the platform and shared economy. This chapter provides insight into some of the benefits of the platform and shared economy and further argues that to address the challenges of the platform economy, there is need for evidence-based research. The chapter further proposes new research frontiers in the platform and shared economy that require immediate attention as first step to providing the required evidence for building a market enabling environment for Africa's platform and shared economy.
Higher Education and Regional Integration in South-East Asia
Authors: Pandey Umesh Chandra , Pandey Varun
Published: November 2020

Harmonization of higher education institutions (HEI) has a potential to build up a cohesive South East Asia. The Kuala Lumpur declaration on higher education has provided a suggestive framework to promote collaborative activities in higher education, which can have a far-reaching impact on the geopolitical scenario of the Southeast Asia. Moreover, the growing threat of climate change, need for disaster management, promotion of lifelong learning, and the mandate for SDGs also call for increased collaborations among HEIs. A well-integrated South-East Asian region with collaborative mechanisms for student exchange, academic collaborations, collaborative research projects, and common educational programmes aimed at people to people contacts has a potential to achieve the common goal of the region. This chapter examines these possibilities, highlights some important cases, and makes recommendations.
Studying Wine in Non-Wine-Producing Countries
Authors: Soeiro Joaquim Dias
Published: November 2020

Throughout their studies, students experience either more or less difficulties with their learning. It is worth investigating the challenges faced by students when the cultural aspect interferes with their learning. This study explored how learners, originally from Southeast Asia, where wine is culturally a distant or absent thing, experience learning. The data were collected from students from Malaysia, Brunei, and Indonesia through observations over a period of 14 weeks, 12 interviews, and four focus groups. The aim of this study was to explore the challenges involved in learning about wine, and the data showed that there were cultural, sensorial, social, and educational concerns in this regard. The findings revealed the wide range of challenges experienced by students, and can contribute to the teaching of modules on culturally distant types of content by lecturers.
Crucial Role of Data Analytics in the Prevention and Detection of Cyber Security Attacks
Authors: B. S. Charulatha , Neela Madheswari A. , K. Shanthi , Arumugam Chamundeswari
Published: November 2020

Data analytics plays a major role in retrieving relevant information in addition to avoiding unwanted data, missed values, good visualization and interpretation, decision making in any business, or social needs. Many organizations are affected by cyber-attacks in their business at a greater frequency when they get exposure to the internet. Cyber-attacks are plenty, and tracking them is really difficult work. The entry of cyber-attack may be through different events in the business process. Detecting the attack is laborious and collecting the data is still a hard task. The detection of the source of attack for the various events in the business process as well as the tracking the corresponding data needs an investigation procedure. This chapter concentrates on applying machine learning algorithms to study the user behavior in the process to detect network anomalies. The data from KDD'99 data set is collected and analyzed using decision tree, isolation forest, bagging classifier, and Adaboost classifier algorithms.
Impediments in Mobile Forensics
Authors: Thangapandian Vani
Published: November 2020

In this digital era, the usage of mobile phones in daily life has become inextricable due to the facilities and the level of sophistication it offers. Proportionately, the crimes and offenses involving the mobile devices are growing in rapid speed. Whenever a crime occurs in a spot, the forensic team will arrive there to identify and locate the evidence of the criminals. If the crime involves digital equipment like computers and laptop, then digital forensic team will investigate and analyze the devices for digital evidence collection. These days, mobile phones have the capability to offer any kind of information and services digitally on top of the palm of the user. Anything is available on the hands with a single touch on the screen of the mobile devices. It also offers to the adversaries many digital services which are harmful to the societies. The fast-paced advancement in the digital front paves the way for many digital crimes. Hence, a new field, mobile forensics, emerges out to trace the evidence, but it faces many challenges due to the dynamic nature of the digital technologies.
Challenges in Developing Software in Today's Scenario
Authors: Vaidyanathan Srinivasan , B. Lakshmi Priya
Published: November 2020

Software engineering emphasises to adopt a well-defined and structured approach to develop any software. Nonetheless, serious challenges exist in the software development process and these challenges are faced in developing software in today's scenario. This is majorly to satisfy the need for developing good quality product which has the capability to meet the “volatile user requirements” in organizations. As new products are developed to tend to the current technological needs, new challenges arise inevitably. So, until a new challenge is encountered, solutions to these unknown and newly arising challenges cannot be devised. Hence, a better software development strategy would be to realise all the previously encountered, more frequent or obvious challenges, and to design an efficient solution to these known challenges beforehand so that no more extra resources and time need to be diverted during the software development cycle in order to overcome the challenges. Therefore, recognizing and addressing the challenges in software development at each and every developmental stage is extremely necessary in order for organizations to succeed. In this study, the authors have attempted to structurally and systematically reviewing the literature to arrive at the software development challenges and provided ways of addressing those challenges. The study also provided for possible solutions and recommendations and scope for future research in this area.
Web Revolution and Events
Authors: Kodaş Betül
Published: November 2020

In the globalizing world, the use of social media as a marketing tool has been frequently discussed in academic researchers in recent years. It is possible to examine that the usage of these social media channels in the management and marketing of tourism-related activities is increasing. From this perspective, social media is considered as an important marketing tool for event organizers in the event industry in terms of some aspect of event studies. Besides, it provides significant benefits for visitors about deciding whether they participate in an event or not. In this framework, the aim of this chapter is to build a conceptual framework for revealing relation between social media and events. This conceptual study indicated that social media is one of the important digital tools for customer engagement, online experiences, and promoting events. Managerial implications and future research recommendation presented.
Management and Marketing Events in a Digital Era
Authors: Akel Gökhan
Published: November 2020

Digitalization has affected many areas as well as management and marketing areas. In the digital age, through ICTs, the ways of searching and accessing information about the event by the users have been developed and transformed. Besides, the developments in the digital age have also affected many sectors such as the production, design, software, management, and marketing sector. The opportunities offered by digital marketing make life easier for users and provide easy access to information. Likewise, businesses can facilitate their management and marketing events through digitalization. Businesses sustain their events by organizing and diversifying new events according to the customer base and the type of event for the management and marketing of events. ICT tools have spread to all functions and events of the tourism industry in terms of business, marketing, and management. In this chapter, which mentioned the opportunity and challenges of ICTs, the opportunities and challenges posed by ICT are also mentioned.
Artificial Intelligence Applications for Event Management and Marketing
Authors: Ergen Fatma Doğanay
Published: November 2020

The current use of artificial intelligence technology in the event industry, its effects on the industry, and future trends are discussed within the scope of this section. The use of artificial intelligence technology that provided by big data draws attention. In the event industry, it is known that robotic applications (telepresence robots, robotic concierge, robot bartenders, robot peacekeepers, robot servers, robot deliveries, and entertainment robots), digital assistants, and chatbots are used within the scope of artificial intelligence technology. It has been determined that artificial intelligence technology offers the stakeholders opportunities to gain competitive advantage, to obtain information that can be used in marketing efforts, to enable digitalization in manual processes, to improve customer interactions, to increase event participation with lower costs, and to create added value with new products and services. It is predicted that this progress will continue in the future and the use of artificial intelligence technology in the event industry will expand.
New Event Trends as a Tool of Digital Marketing Communication
Authors: Cinar Dilaysu
Published: November 2020

Today, with digital marketing communication, it has become easier to reach and persuade both existing and potential customers. The aforementioned situation is also valid for event applications which are one of the digital marketing communication tools. Indeed, with the technological power, brands began to offer participants almost unlimited options for events and participation takes place regardless of the venue. This study aims to provide information about the new event trends as a digital marketing communication tool. For this purpose, a literature review was made in the study. Accordingly, it can be argued that the new event trends used in digital marketing communications consist of real-time events, social events, storytelling, virtual reality and augmented reality applications, influencers, and virtual communities.
Co-Creation of Public Values
Authors: von Heimburg Dina , Ness Ottar , Storch Jacob
Published: November 2020

Well-being is of vital importance for individuals as well as society at large. UNs Sustainability Goal #17, ‘Partnership for the Goals', support co-creation and co-production as necessary approaches to reach public values such as citizenship, social justice, and well-being. However, co-creation and co-production is not enough. It is necessary to address who participates in co-creation, how they participate, and how participation affects outcomes. Inclusive participation in everyday life, public services, and democracy is crucial to achieve active citizenship and well-being for all. This chapter will discuss how voices of citizens in marginalized and vulnerable life situations needs to be included and recognized in democracy and public sector practices as well as in decision-making processes. The chapter suggests how public sector organisations can promote active citizenship, valued social roles, and well-being through participation in co-creation of public values, placing well-being for all and social justice at the forefront of public value co-creation.
The Fifth Evaluation Wave
Authors: Krogstrup Hanne Kathrine , Mortensen Nanna Møller
Published: November 2020

With the shift towards new public governance, professionals' and citizens' experiences and knowledge are placed at the heart of public service design, implementation, and evaluation. There are thus beginning indications that the dominant evaluation and governance logic, including the notion that welfare services should be evidence-based and that the quality of public services is best secured using key performance indicators, are in the process of being challenged. Four waves of evaluation have diffused between 1965 and 2010, and a great deal suggests that new public governance, with co-production as the dominant organizational recipe, is carrying a new, fifth evaluation wave with it. The aim of this chapter is to provide a sober but tentative explanation of the content of this fifth evaluation wave. The description of the fifth wave evaluation is structured in respect to “informed evaluation,” which covers reflections on the evaluation domain, knowledge, values, and usage.
Implementation of Co-Production Through Sensemaking
Authors: Thomassen Anja Overgaard , Hammer Sverri
Published: November 2020

Co-production is increasingly outlined as an approach for operationalizing the shift from new Public Management to New Public Governance. In particular, the literature discusses the implications of co-production on frontline staff and the change in relations to citizens. This chapter focuses on a less developed area, namely the implications of the co-production turn on management. Specifically, the authors focus on how Karl Weick's notion of sensemaking when operationalized into sensemaking-tools is helpful in facilitating an organizational change towards co-production. The application of sensemaking as a processual approach to co-production leads to a discussion of how management in public organizations seems to be evolving into what can be termed hybrid management.
Aesthetic Dimensions of Music-Initiated Processes in Co-Production
Authors: Jensen Julie Borup
Published: November 2020

This chapter offers an aesthetic approach to co-production processes at a micro level to understand how citizens, social care professionals, and researchers contribute to developing music- and empowerment-based tools for citizen involvement in social-psychiatric care. The chapter draws on empirical material from a research-circle-based project about dream workshops within a Danish municipal social-psychiatric care unit. The chapter addresses music as supporting empowerment within the processes of co-production of citizens' action plans, and music is understood as an aesthetic dimension of these processes. The chapter includes a pragmatic research perspective on knowledge and experience building and generation of empirical insights, drawing on Dewey and Bruner, realized in the research circle method.
The Role of Cell Phones in Online Learning, Connectivity, and COVID
Authors: Rybakova Katie , Bigelow Cameron
Published: November 2020

In this chapter, the authors used the lens of COVID-19 to explore how mobile phones and general technological connectivity can be both a positive learning experience and contribute to connectivity fatigue and burnout for both teachers and students. The authors will reflect upon their own experiences and conversations as well as expand on the research regarding 24/7 accessibility in an online environment. The second author provides a particularly powerful voice in this chapter as a current pre-service teacher. His vignettes were used throughout the chapter to add a student perspective that is often omitted from the scholarship.
Early Childhood Teachers' Usage of Mobile Phones in English Language Arts Classrooms in Nigeria
Authors: Ajayi Hannah O. , Okewole Johnson O. , Salami Joshua O.
Published: November 2020

The study explored the use of mobile phones by the early childhood teachers of English language arts (ELA) in Nigeria. Descriptive survey design was used using an online survey to assess early childhood teachers' use of the mobile phone in their classrooms. Ninety-eight teachers who responded to the instrument online formed the sample for the study. The instrument entitled Mobile Phones in ELA Classrooms' Questionnaire (MP-ELA-CQ) was used to collect data for the study. Data were analyzed using percentage and Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficients. Results indicated that teachers—both preservice and in-service—need regular training in technology and education to help them effectively utilize mobile phones in their classrooms.
Mobile Phones, Arts Integration, and English Language Arts
Authors: Loomis Stephanie
Published: November 2020

This chapter considers the affordances of smartphones as tools for arts integration in English language arts classrooms. It discusses the importance of students as creators of content and how teachers may capture the social tools already within student possession to function as learning tools as well. Arts-based instruction is briefly discussed as an important element for students' full participation in the multiliteracies that make up much of communication in modern society. While literacy in the form of reading and writing must always be the goal of the ELA teacher, it is also important to recognize the role of multiple literacies as legitimate forms of text. The chapter also includes specific ideas for students' smartphone compositions that teachers may consider.
The New Normal Is Cell Phones in the Classroom
Authors: White Cynthia D.
Published: November 2020

This chapter seeks to compare and contrast a classroom without student cell phone use in 2000 to the ubiquitous use of cell phones in today's classroom and society. Cell phone use and how to include them in today's classroom is a hot topic in school systems and teacher education programs in America and therefore relevant to establishing instructional guidelines for cell phone inclusion in the classroom. The author will share lived classroom experience in the 20 years from cell phone infancy to usage by more than 90% of students in today's classroom. The author will share effective use of cell phones in the classroom and pitfalls to allowing cell phones in the class without a well-planned instruction basis for cell phone use.
Storytelling and the Rhetoric of Rumor in Social Media
Authors: Al-Zaman Md. Sayeed , Puja Prithula Prosun
Published: November 2020

Social media rumor is becoming a prominent spectacle thanks to the rapid surge of internet usage worldwide. However, little research has been done so far that takes social media rumor into account. This chapter attempts to understand the nature and narrative of social media rumor. The discussion revolves around three important and interlaced concepts: social media storytelling, social media rhetoric, and social media rumor. The chapter attempts to show that a story requires rhetoric to be successful and most of the rumours are successful stories because they contain rhetorical elements. To understand the storytelling and rhetorical aspects of social media rumors, remarks based on three prominent cases of social media rumors are presented. The conclusion is that social media rumors are more literary, have more emotional elements than logical proofs, and the structure is meticulously designed to have specific impacts. These features echo disinformation, an important mode of rumor.
The Viewer-Participant Performing Morality in Interactive Storytelling in Bandersnatch
Authors: Pătrăşcanu Karina
Published: November 2020

The present chapter wishes to interrogate the capability of interactive cinema to test, unveil, exercise, and challenge the viewer-participant's moral layout. Looking at Netflix's Black Mirror: Bandersnatch, the chapter mainly explores the implications and outcomes of performing morality in a digital space mediated by a new mode of telling and receiving stories. The analysis looks at possible obstacles in exercising—in a genuine manner—moral imperatives and looks at the nature of the story as well as the format as catalyst for self-reflection and moral awareness. The chapter then explores the possibility that moral conduits are the product of active practice, and that interactive cinema embodies such practice.
Dealing With Sexual Harassment
Authors: Ellao Janess Ann J. , Roxas Evelyn F. , Torres Therese Patricia S.
Published: November 2020

In the Philippines, sexual harassment is among the threats and attacks women in media face. While Filipino women journalists experience being sexually harassed by colleagues and sources, several have opted not to report such incidents for fear of being blamed and fear of retaliation from the accused. This case study research documents six Filipino women journalists' experiences. Findings were analyzed using thematic analysis, guided by the framework of the spiral of silence theory by Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann. The findings show that interviewees did not report sexual harassment and related issues because they perceived these cases as part of the reality of working in the news industry. Other factors for staying silent were uncertainties about how their employer will respond, the fear of losing sources, and the fear of being isolated from colleagues. The interviewees proposed strategies, however, on how cases of sexual harassment against women journalists should be addressed in the future. Suggested practices and policy recommendations are presented.
Health and Safety Risks to Journalists During Pandemics
Authors: Shah Sayyed Fawad Ali , Jan Faizullah , Ittefaq Muhammad
Published: November 2020

Journalists play a critical role in the dissemination of health information to the public. This chapter explores the challenges created by COVID-19 for journalists in Pakistan. It also examines how the pandemic has shed light on the disparities and safety risks in the Pakistani journalism and exposed fault lines in journalism practices in the country. The authors randomly selected 50 profiles of journalists from the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan and analyzed the publicly available posts they created or shared on their profiles (n= 823). They found that the journalists were mainly concerned about their own well-being and the well-being of their families. They received threats for covering COVID-19 related stories. They were not trained enough to cover a health crisis like COVID-19, and therefore, a majority of the journalists did not follow standard operating procedures outlined by the Government of Pakistan. They suggest that the Government of Pakistan view these journalists as essential workers and frame precautions from healthcare organizations.
Gender Mainstreaming in the Media
Authors: Pant Laxman Datt
Published: November 2020

Media sector, in Nepal, has been vibrant and it is flourishing across all media outlets with about 1,000 newspapers, 600 radio stations, about five dozen television channels and more than 2,200 online news portals currently in operation across the country. Despite such an impressive figure, the reluctance of media houses to spend on embracing the key dimensions of gender sensitivity including professional safety of women journalists at workplace has had a dropping effect on the entire sector. Women remain cut out of the key decision-making levels in media. Media houses do not have any comprehensive prevention, support, complaints, and redress system with regards to sexual harassment and bullying in the workplace. This chapter assesses the state of gender sensitivity in newsrooms of Nepal with reference to professional safety of women journalists. Observations indicate that media houses should give due priority to professional safety of women journalists.
Bulgarian Journalists Under Pressure
Authors: Yoshkov Ivaylo
Published: November 2020

Bulgarian journalists are under pressure. Although the country has been a member of the EU for 13 years and the legislation on freedom of speech corresponds to Western practices, the country ranks 111th in the annual Freedom of Speech Index. While the cases of work-related physical violence against journalists are rare, the cases of direct political pressure are increasing. The unification of ownership into large media cartels and the lack of transparency in the movement of financial flows from the state to certain media are among the main factors affecting the freedom of speech. The analysis of publications covering six cases of physical and verbal aggression on the websites of the five most visited online media in Bulgaria outlines the scheme for inducing self-censorship and the transition from active to passive news coverage within a short period of time. The survey, conducted with students in journalism and professional journalists, aims to show their experience with aggression, as well as to identify the forms of pressure they face on a daily basis.
The Role of Community Radio in Promoting Gender Equality in Rwanda
Authors: Niyonzima Donatien , Bhuju Kriti
Published: November 2020

Rwanda has become a role model for the progress it has made on gender equality and women empowerment. The credit of this transformation goes to the media such as community radio stations which have been constantly promoting gender equality through their programming by bringing out the gender issues, educating people on gender-based violence (GBV), leading dialogues, and coming up with solutions to promote gender equality. Drawing from the feminist theory and participatory communication concept, the results reflect that empowering community on issues related to gender and GBV is directly linked to understanding the audience perception and involving local audiences in community radio programming. This encourages people and helps to understand power relations existing in the community and promote gender equality. The results showed that community radio plays an important role in creating awareness to rural populations in Rwanda about gender issues including GBV and that it helps in empowering the rural population thereby contributing to promote gender equality in Rwanda.
Robotics as a Powerful Vehicle Toward Learning and Computational Thinking in Secondary Education of 21st Century
Authors: Glezou Katerina V.
Published: November 2020

This chapter focuses on the design and implementation of robotics activities in authentic classroom conditions in secondary education. It suggests that robotics can provide a powerful educational vehicle for guiding high school students toward learning in 21st century. It presents a constructionist approach to foster computational thinking and creativity by engaging in robotics and programming activities in real-world classroom. More specifically, this chapter presents teaching interventions that have been implemented in real conditions to high school students during robotics courses at Arsakeia Schools Psychikou in Athens, Greece. It describes robotics activities employing the Edison educational robotics system. Main features of teaching interventions concerning the utilization of Edison robot, digital learning environments, and unplugged activities in the classroom focused on 21st century skills, computational thinking, and creativity development as well as findings, solutions, recommendations, and future research directions are discussed.
Theories and Practices Behind Educational Robotics for All
Authors: Eguchi Amy
Published: November 2020

The chapter aims at helping educators and classroom teachers who are new to using educational robotics as a learning tool in their classrooms. It discusses the approaches using robotics as a learning tool - a tool perfectly suited for enabling constructionist learning in the classroom and how educational robotics can provide ‘all' students motivation to learn STEM and computing science concepts. Educational robotics as a learning tool requires teachers as well as students to shift from traditional pedagogical approaches to learner-centered active learning approaches. The chapter discusses how the shift can be made in successful ways and provides guidance to pre- and in-service teachers on how to implement educational robotics as a learning tool to reach and attract ‘all' students to promote their learning.
School Activities With Educational Robot to Facilitate Student Learning
Authors: Yamashita Satsuki , Ishida Hayato , Yukawa Hidetaka , Yoshida Hisaaki , Koizumi Chiyo , Yamauchi Yusuke , Funaki Mahito , Ikuta Shigeru
Published: November 2020

The teaching of programming and its basic concepts even to young children has a crucial influence on the development of their cognitive functions and blends the lessons in the class with real life. In this chapter, school activities with educational robotics performed at both the special-needs education school and general public school were described. The students with mild intellectual disabilities and physically handicapped at the special needs school could build the robots nicely using small blocks and move them as they wanted through coding. The intellectual disabled students usually do not have enough long-term memory and are weak in abstraction but could develop the ability to actually understand logical thinking through hands-on learning with educational robotics. Through the present activities, the students including the public school could become aware of various goods around them programmed with coding and connect the learning in class to the real world.
Teaching Aids and Manipulative Teaching Means
Authors: Kapaniaris Alexandros G.
Published: November 2020

The subject matter of this essay concerns the use of manipulatives and teaching aids in the teaching of mathematics for the 1st and 2nd grade of primary school, combined with educational robotics applications. In particular, the use of the programmable bee-bot floor robot combines procedures that involve the use of manipulative means (creating a track as a cardboard model, painting, assembling), teaching aid tools (demonstration of the programmable bee-bot floor robot), and finally, the comprehension of simple programming and mathematical concepts. Through the implementation of an educational scenario aiming to familiarize students with the basic geometric concepts, mathematical operations (multiplication table), basic algorithmic structures (simple problems and step solving), there will be involvement with the cognitive areas of informatics (basic programming concepts)) and mathematics (geometry, calculations).
Beyond Inclusion
Authors: Kozyra Kayleigh L.
Published: November 2020

Access and inclusion have become “hot topics” in many fields in the last decade, including museum education. While this interest has shed light on the need to improve access to the museum for a number of marginalized groups, people with disabilities still remain largely left out of the conversation. Many museums and their staff continue to struggle to make art museums accessible for this group. This chapter serves as a practical “how-to” for both prospective and current museum educators. This chapter proposes that museums move beyond inclusion, towards a radical form of accessibility that troubles the “check-list” nature of traditional access, values the voices and experiences of people with disabilities, and utilizes principles of universal design.
Thoughts and Highlights Involving an Urban Museum Education Partnership and a University
Authors: Bobick Bryna
Published: November 2020

This chapter examines the partnership between an urban art museum and a university. It involves museum educators, art education faculty, and undergraduate students. It specifically explores the development of hands-on museum activities for elementary students created by the university participants. The chapter is written from a higher education perspective. It provides a description of all facets of the partnership from its planning to the completion of the museum activities. The partnership provided the university students authentic museum experiences and ways to make professional connections with museum professionals. Recommendations for those who wish to develop university/museum partnerships are shared.
Docents and Museum Education
Authors: Schero Jennifer
Published: November 2020

Many art museums rely upon volunteers, often titled docents, to implement a range of educational offerings, including guided gallery experiences. As such, docents regularly engage visitors more than most museum staff members. A review of literature spanning over a century provides support for an examination of four reoccurring themes within museum education and docent history: uncertain definitions, professionalization, theoretical foundation, and embedded traditions. Subsequently, consideration of the past offers context for examining contemporary museum education programs that develop the capacity of docents as change agents, including offerings during the COVID-19 pandemic and developing inclusive practice through docent education. The chapter concludes with an envisioning of the future for docents within museum education.
The 50 Year Reunion
Authors: Wells Morgan , Fiss Xoe
Published: November 2020

By 2035, the aging population will be larger than that of people 18 and younger. More than ever, art museums must consider how to best serve this audience. Research on the development of aging adults highlights that creative aging programming provides a beneficial impact on the lives of older adults while helping to combat ageism and redefine how older adults are seen in cultural institutions. This chapter reviews the similarities and differences between the programming for adults 55 and older at the Tucson Museum of Art, a mid-size regional institution, and The John Michael Kohler Arts Center, a rural, contemporary arts center. Through an analysis of the two institutions' programs for older adults, the authors discuss how older adults can fulfill the roles of visitor, participant, and learner when presented with equitable and intentional opportunities.
Impact of Health Information Technologies on the Quality of Healthcare Deliveries
Authors: Whitley Patricia , Shahriar Hossain , Sneha Sweta
Published: November 2020

Through a literary review of recent research, this paper examines the mixed impact of health information technology (HIT) on patient care, medical errors, and the quality of healthcare delivery in selected hospital settings such as emergency departments. Specific technologies examined include the electronic health record (EHR), medical devices, artificial intelligence, and robotics. The paper identifies that some healthcare technologies are increasingly valuable in reducing medical errors, improving healthcare quality, and in producing better patient-centered outcomes. It also determines that technologies have complicated the delivery of quality patient care, increased the incidences of clinician burnout, and made receiving quality healthcare in America's hospital systems possibly less sure. The paper concludes with some suggestions for improving HIT's implementations and confirms the need for further evaluation of the impact of HIT in increasing patient safety and clinician well-being.
The Influence of Product Innovation on Customer Satisfaction in the Pharmaceutical Sector in Jordan
Authors: Zghoul Heba , Al-Haddad Shafig
Published: November 2020

This study aims at examining the influence of product innovation on customer satisfaction in the pharmaceutical sector in Jordan. The researcher developed a questionnaire consisting of 54 items distributed over the independent and dependent variables of this study. The questionnaire was distributed manually over the study's sample which consists of 90 male and female oncologists and cancer specialists in Jordan from a total of 123 oncologists registered in the Jordanian Physicians Association. Simple and multiple linear regressions had been used in analyzing the data. Results revealed that participants are in full agreement in gaining customer satisfaction through product innovation and providing quality services supported by research and development of new products, using the latest technology in production, good branding and improving the quality of packaging, in addition to the effect of engagement of the senior management support (SMS).
Proposal of a Digital Mobile Platform for the Urban Farming Revolution
Authors: Almeida Fernando , Miranda Nuno , Vieira Bruno
Published: November 2020

Information and communication technologies have contributed decisively to the evolution of the agriculture field, allowing the exchange of information between various platforms, the automation of processes, and the storage and processing of large volumes of data. This study proposes the development of an application for mobile devices that facilitates the process of managing and monitoring the production of an urban farming. The application can also be used by less experienced farmers by providing relevant information on the best products per season according to soil characteristics and climate. The results of the developed application demonstrated the application's potential to increase crops visibility, increase efficiency throughout the value chain, access to real-time business and financial data, turns possible to customize the application according to the users' profile, increase the efficiency of marketing processes, and contribute to reducing transport costs.
Analyses of Logistics Network Design With the Consideration of Carbon Emission Reduction Preference
Authors: Tang ZhongMing , Liu Xingxing , Hu Yuanrong
Published: November 2020

As a major cause of global warming, carbon emissions have become a considerable concern in society. In this paper, the authors examine logistics network design considering the carbon emission reduction preferences of decision-makers. To investigate the effects of carbon reduction preferences on carbon emissions, the authors first develop two optimization models with the objectives of optimizing carbon emissions and operation costs, respectively. Subsequently, the authors analyze the effects of the emission reduction preferences of decision-makers on logistics network design at both the strategic and tactical levels. Moreover, the authors propose coordination mechanisms for carbon emissions and operation costs in logistics network design. The results indicate that emission reduction preferences significantly affect carbon emissions and operation costs in logistics network design, especially at the strategic level.
Optimal Channel Configuration for Implementing Remanufacturing Business in a Closed-Loop Supply Chain
Authors: Wang Juntao , Mishima Nozomu , Adachi Tsuyoshi
Published: November 2020

This study aims to analyze the optimal channel configuration of a manufacturer in a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) where the manufacturer is responsible to collect used products and has a competitive dual-channel in selling new and remanufactured products respectively, including through a retailer and a third-party (Model 3PR) or by itself directly and a third-party (Model 3PM) or through a retailer and by itself directly (Model MR). Considering the manufacturer-Stackelberg, it concluded that model MR is the optimal channel configuration in terms of the sales quantity of remanufactured products and model 3PR never be the optimal one. In terms of the overall sales quantity, the profit of the manufacturer and the whole CLSC, whether model 3PM or model MR is the optimal channel configuration depends on the value of the discount perception for remanufactured products, the cost saving of producing remanufactured products, and whether considering the collection process or not.
Setting Up Ad Hoc Computing as a Service in Mobile Ad Hoc Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Muralidhar K.  , Madhavi K.
Published: November 2020

Despite the rapid growth in popularity and hardware capacity in mobile devices, they suffer from resource poverty, which limits their ability to meet increasing mobile users' demands. Computation offloading may give a prominent solution. But it relies on the connection to the remote cloud and may fail in situations where there is poor or no connectivity. Cloudlet was introduced to cover this problem, but mobile users miss free mobility when using cloudlets. Offloading to the cloud or cloudlet is not always the preferred solution. An alternative is to utilize the nearby mobile devices as local resource suppliers and pull their capabilities as a mobile device cloud. In this paper, the authors present such an approach known as ad hoc computing as a service (AhCaaS) model for computation offloading in an ad hoc manner by connecting to nearby mobile devices. They define a multi-attribute selection strategy to determine the optimal computation offloadee. They evaluated the proposed model, and the result shows that AhCaaS reduces execution time, battery consumption, and avoids task reassignment.
Rank-Pooling-Based Features on Localized Regions for Automatic Micro-Expression Recognition
Authors: Le Trang Thanh Quynh , Tran Thuong-Khanh , Rege Manjeet
Published: November 2020

Facial micro-expression is a subtle and involuntary facial expression that exhibits short duration and low intensity where hidden feelings can be disclosed. The field of micro-expression analysis has been receiving substantial awareness due to its potential values in a wide variety of practical applications. A number of studies have proposed sophisticated hand-crafted feature representations in order to leverage the task of automatic micro-expression recognition. This paper employs a dynamic image computation method for feature extraction so that features can be learned on certain localized facial regions along with deep convolutional networks to identify micro-expressions presented in the extracted dynamic images. The proposed framework is simple as opposed to other existing frameworks which used complex hand-crafted feature descriptors. For performance evaluation, the framework is tested on three publicly available databases, as well as on the integrated database in which individual databases are merged into a data pool. Impressive results from the series of experimental work show that the technique is promising in recognizing micro-expressions.