bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel Adaptive Hysteresis Regime and Data Fusion on Crisp Logic in IoT-based Terrarium System for Improving Plant Growth Rate
Authors: Kurniawan T A , Sanjaya A P
Published: April 2021

In the present, autonomous environmental supervision and management are still insufficient. The approach of independent parameter controlling emerges to restraining plant growth and resource inefficiency. Developing a new method to control environmental parameters for accelerating plant growth should be deployed to satisfy the optimum condition and resource efficiency. In this paper, we propose a novel advanced crisp logic-based integrated with adaptive hysteresis control and data fusion algorithm to adapt the behaviour of each plant parameter in a certain condition. The objective of the proposed system is to control each plant parameter into the optimum regime while considering the coupling relationship between them. The measurement results show that our proposed system has a more sustained optimum condition and faster change into the desired grade of membership by adapting the hysteresis regime. Based on the measurements, the proposed system produces an optimum condition that are more sustain and stable and produce accelerated plant growth by 35.33%.
The design and build of ohmic heated hydro distillation for the essential oil extraction of eucalyptus leaves
Authors: Iswahyono  , Saleh A.S. , Djamila S , Bahariawan A. , Komariah L.
Published: April 2021

The extraction of eucalyptus essential oil has been widely carried out with a variety of fairly modern tools and machines, but most of them still use conventional heating methods. The water distillation method for extracting eucalyptus leaves essential oil has been tried using a microwave but is still constrained by the limited penetration of microwaves in the material. To overcome the drawbacks of the extraction method, it is necessary to design a method of extracting eucalyptus leaves essential oil by using ohmic heated hydro distillation with this method, heat will be generated from the material so that it can reduce energy use during the extraction process. This study aims to design and test the performance of ohmic heated hydro distillation for the extraction of eucalyptus leaves essential oil. The method used in this research starts from functional and structural design, component manufacturing, assembly and performance testing of ohmic heated hydro distillation. The design results obtained the dimensions of ohmic heated hydro distillation from the central 304 stainless steel electrode with a length of 50 cm and a diameter of 1 cm. The electrically isolated outermost cylinder functions as a negative electrode with a diameter of 34 cm and a height of 55 cm. The electrodes are connected to a PLN power source with 5 kVA power. The distillation unit is then connected to the condenser of stainless steel 304. The test results obtained a distillation rate of 0.0007 kg per hour with a yield of 0.28%
Genetic advance on tandem selection of several soybean genotypes
Authors: Poerwoko M S , Sjamsijah dan N
Published: April 2021

Soybean consumption in Indonesia continues to increase with increasing population. However, soybean production in Indonesia is still not able to fulfil domestic needs. Increasing soybean production both in quantity and quality continues to be done through plant breeding strategies. Selection is carried out to select suitable characters for breeding purposes. The effectiveness and efficiency of selection is influenced by the amount genetic advance. This study aims to determine the genetic advance of soybean by tandem selection. This research was conducted using fourteen treatments of the seventh generation of soybean plant genotypes with three replications. The selection method used was tandem selection. The data were obtained from observations of the agronomic characters of soybean plants selected from the tandem selection. The data was analyzed using variance, and then continued with the 5% Scott-Knott test, and genetic advance. The genetic advance resulted from this study were as follows: classified as low were flowering age with 4.94%, and harvesting age with 7.80%; classified as moderate was yield per plant with 12.36%; classified as high were plant height with 23.36%, the number of productive branches with 17.66%, the number of fertile nodes with 29.26%, 100 grain weight with 17.00%, and the number of pods planted with 27.67%.
Rice cultivation on dry land during dry season supported by deep well irrigation and soil amelioration
Authors: Viandari N Al , Anshori A
Published: April 2021

Dryland has a great potential regardless of limitations. Increasing rice productivity can be done by water and land management on the dryland especially on dry season. This study aimed to determine rice cultivation in dry land during the dry season which is supported by deep well irrigation and soil amelioration with organic fertilizers and rice husk charcoal. The research was conducted on dry land at Logandeng, Playen, Gunung Kidul, Special Region of Yogyakarta Indonesia during the 2019 dry season, July to November. Water requirement was fulfilled from deep well irrigation. Soil quality was improved through amelioration with organic fertilizers and rice husk charcoal, with the treatments without amelioration (TA), amelioration with organic fertilizer 3 ton ha−1 (AB), amelioration with organic fertilizer 3 ton ha−1 plus rice husk charcoal 1 ton ha−1 (ABS) and amelioration with organic fertilizer 3 ton ha−1 plus rice husk charcoal 1 ton ha−
1 and mulch of rice husk charcoal 0.5 ton ha−1 (ABSM). This research used a randomized completely block design, with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The results showed by 5 cm of flooding was reached the zero level in 8 hours and the water depth reached 20 cm for the next 16 hours. Supplementary irrigation every two days, with a flooding of 5-10 cm, was sufficient for rice cultivation during the dry season. ABS treatment can increase the yield component such as dry grain yield by 7.10 ton ha−1, dry straw by 5.98 ton ha−1, and dry root by 2.76 ton ha−1 and carbon absorption from grain by 3.81 ton ha−1, straw by 2.68 ton ha−1 and root by 1.18 ton ha−1 (p<0.05; n=20). ABS was decreased soil Eh (p<0.05; n=20), and increased soil organic carbon dan cation exchange capacity (p<0.05; n=15). ABS was the best ameliorant for rice cultivation on dry land during dry season.
Added value of robusta coffee products of “dwi tunggal” farmer group in bromo mountain slope
Authors: Hidayanti N S , Aji J M M , Hapsari T D
Published: April 2021

Indonesia is among the four largest of coffee beans producing country in the world with production reaching more than half a million tons per year. Pasuruan Regency, located on the slopes of Mount Bromo, has a coffee plantation area of 4,458.20 hectares with a coffee production yield of 1,283.13 tons which has a very high potential of producing good quality Robusta coffee. This potential is used by farmer groups, mainly those under “Dwi Tunggal” farmer group association (Gapoktan) to produce Robusta roasted coffee beans and ground coffee (powder). This study aims to determine the added value of the process of Robusta coffee grinding and roasting and provide recommendations to the farmer groups to face global competition. The research area selection is done purposively considering the potential of the. This study uses value added analysis with the Hayami method. The results showed that the added value of Robusta coffee products in both the milling and roasting process was high and had a positive impact on the welfare of farmer group members. Added value for roasted coffee was Rp. 33,871.08 with a value-added ratio of 48.11%. Added value for ground coffee was Rp. 67,341.15 with the value-added ratio of 64.7%
Smallholder farmers’ perceptions of coffee bean processing using the honey method
Authors: Priyadi D A , Prayogo G S , Nur K M
Published: April 2021

Smallholder coffee farmers can increase their income and competitiveness by increasing the quality of green beans produced. One of the suitable coffee bean processing technologies to be adopted in Telemung Village, Banyuwangi Regency, East Java is honey processing method. This method will produce green beans at twice the selling price of traditional processing. This quantitative research involved 15 respondents as smallholder coffee farmers. The sample in this study uses a purposive sampling technique, namely farmers who have received training on the honey processing method. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire with face-to-face interviews. The analysis showed a significant relationship between perceived ease of use and intention to adopt the technology (r= 0.724; p= 0.002), and this result was supported by a significant correlation between perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness (r= 0.730; p= 0.002). It can be concluded that farmers have a positive perception regarding the ease of use and usefulness of the honey process method. However, the barrier to technology adoption is marketing uncertainty and this technology has not been practiced in the local community.
Opportunities and challenges to increase corn export from Gorontalo province of Indonesia
Authors: Susilowati S H , Ariningsih E , Saliem H P , Roosganda E , Adawiyah C R , Muksin
Published: April 2021

Corn has an essential role in Indonesia, especially as a livestock feed. Corn production has increased significantly over the past five years. Many provinces in Indonesia are a center of corn production, but most do not serve as corn exporter. Gorontalo is one of it that has successfully exported corn. However, corn export from the province is still facing continuity and competitiveness challenges. This study aims to analyze of the corn exports’ potential, opportunities, and challenges from the region. The survey was conducted in 2018. Data and information were collected through in-depth interviews with relevant agencies and respondents are analyzed using SWOT analysis. The results of the study show that Gorontalo Province has a good prospect for exporting corn. The main strength of this province is the availability of two export ports. However, transportation infrastructure to the ports does not optimally support corn export activities. The dynamics of corn trade policies by the Government is also a potential factor to weaken corn competitiveness. Various programs are needed to continuously increase corn exports, including simplifying corn export procedures and licenses, improving infrastructure to facilitate transportation to farmland, and improving export market access by doing good networking with corn importers.
Analysis of the Sustainable Status of Post Disaster Crop Production in Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province
Authors: Muksin  , Rizal  , Iskandar R
Published: April 2021

Sigi regency is the main rice supplier for Central Sulawesi Community. Yet the condition of paddy commodity sector in period 2012-2017 faces a decline in harvested area by 5.3%/year. In the conditions after the natural disaster in 2018, it is more decreased, due to the condition of agricultural land which tends to be damaged and bumpy. The study discusses the status of the sustainability of crop production in Sigi Regency using Multi-Dimensional Scaling analysis. The results of the analysis show that the status of sustainability is “moderately sustainable” with a composite value of 59.44. Policy intervention is conducted based on the main leverage factors. In moderate intervention, the status value was increased by 15% and the result was still ‘quite sustainable’. Meanwhile, the optimistic intervention was increased by 28% and the result was “sustainable”. The policy strategy for increasing the sustainability of crops includes the main leverage factors, such as: 1) The management pattern of paddy fields is changed to a corporate farming, 2) Protecting poor farmers by increasing and optimizing timely and targeted assistance, 3) Increasing environmental counseling and marketing, 4) Increasing the extension program on the importance of health infrastructure, and 5) Maintaining an optimal extension center.
Adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi), a potential source alternative to wheat flour: A financial feasibility analysis for small scale production
Authors: Andriana Y , Indriati A , Mayasti N K I , Iwansyah A C , Anggara C E W , Litaay C , Triyono A
Published: April 2021

The consumption of wheat flour-based products such as noodles, biscuits, and cookies in Indonesia increases annually during the rising of costumer need for instant and ready to eat food products. On the other hand, the dependence on wheat import in Indonesia makes the searching of potential source alternative to wheat flour is important. Adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi), known as Hanjeli (in Sundanese), is underutilized cereal plant which easily found in Indonesia and has highly nutritional contents. This study was then conducted to evaluate financial feasibility of adlay flour production. From product analysis, several trials were carried out to produce adlay flour with nutritional compositions including moisture, ash, fat protein, and carbohydrates were 13.61, 0.87, 1.41, 12.56, and 71.54 %, respectively. In financial feasibility analysis, the establishment of mini plant to produce adlay flour was feasible indicated by some feasibility criteria such as net present value (NPV), benefit-cost ratio (B/C), internal rate of return (IRR), and pay-back period (PBP) were 92.065 million IDR, 1.14, 48.89 %, and 24 months, respectively.
The sensory characteristics of fortified beef sausage with duck eggshell nano-calcium
Authors: Prasetyo B , Prayitno A H
Published: April 2021

The research objective was to determine the effect of duck eggshell nano-calcium fortification on the sensory characteristics of beef sausage. The research materials consisted of beef, tapioca flour, soy protein isolate, oil, salt, sodium tripolyphosphate, monosodium glutamate, pepper, garlic, shallot, onion, coriander, nutmeg, sugar, frankfurter, collagen casing, and ice. The treatment of duck eggshell nano-calcium fortification included P0 (0%), P1 (0.15%), P2 (0.3%), P4 (0.45%), and P5 (0.6%) calculated from the total dough. The parameters observed were colour, flavour, taste, texture, chewiness, and acceptability of beef sausage. The sausage sensory characteristics were tested by a hedonic test by 40 untrained panellists. The data of sensory characteristics were analysed by analysing the non-parametric test of Hedonic Kruskal-Wallis and further tested by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test. The results showed that fortification of duck eggshell nano-calcium through a level of 0.6% had a highly significant effect (P <0.01) on the color, flavor, taste, texture, chewiness, and acceptability of beef sausage. The result that the duck eggshell nano-calcium could be fortified through a level of 0.3% without changing the sensory characteristics of beef sausage.
Effects of time and temperature variations on curcumin contents and antioxidant activity of tamarind-turmeric herbs
Authors: Sasmita I R A. , Suryanegara M A , Apriliyanti M W , Yusuf D M , Ana F W R
Published: April 2021

Tamarind-turmeric herbs also known that contain curcuminoid compounds, antioxidants that function as anti-inflammatory, decrease the level of dysmenorrhoea, and prevent body odour. This study aims to change tamarind-turmeric herbs into lozenges in order to facilitate the accessibility of the consumer get tamarind-turmeric herbs which have a longer shelf life and provides a source of curcumin. This method of the research is early to make tamarind-turmeric herbs with completely randomized design (RAL) are variously treated of time and temperature boiled as P1 : 2,5 minute and 80°C, P2 : 2,5 minute and 90°C, P3 : 2,5 minute and 100°C, P4 : 5 minute and 80°C, P5 : 5 minute and 100°C, P6 : 5 minute and 100°C with replication. Turmeric-tamarind herbs after treatment are tested of antioxidant activity (DPPH) and curcumin contents. ANOVA statistical results shows antioxidant activity (DPPH) and curcumin contents is significantly (p≤0.05). The highest of antioxidant activity (DPPH) was obtained P2 treatment (2,5 minute and 90°C) with value is 55,5% and curcumin content is 0,024 mg/L.
Chemical characteristic of steamed pumpkin brownies premix flour
Authors: Subaktilah Y , Wahyono A , Yudiastuti S O N , Avianti T M
Published: April 2021

Brownies are kind of cake that contain flour, fat, sugar, and egg. Generally, brownies are characterized with brown colour and do not need leavening agent. The objective of this study was to analyse chemical content of steamed pumpkin brownies premix flour with various formulation. Pumpkin flour was manufactured by using food dehydrator machine. Pumpkin flour manufacturing condition were immerse in metabisulfite solution for 23,05 minutes and dried for 11, 4 hours at 85°C. The pumpkin flour substitution level were 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%, by wheat flour portion. The result showed that pumpkin flour substitution on the steamed pumpkin brownies premix flour formulation had significantly effect on its chemical characteristic. The result showed that steamed pumpkin brownies premix flour had 6.47% - 7.26% moisture content, 3.06% - 6.02% ash, 4.78% - 8.4% fat, 5.95% 8.78% protein, and 72.54% - 78.49% of carbohydrate.
Polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of beverage from dragron fruit peel powder and soy powder
Authors: Rosiana N M , Suryana A L , Olivia Z
Published: April 2021

Excessive oxidation reactions in body cells caused by dietary changes. This causes a chain reaction that damages the body cells. Excess oxidation reactions can be prevented by antioxidants. Polyphenol groups such as flavonoids, anthocyanins, and phenolics are the most active natural antioxidants. Soya powder and dragon fruit peel powder are a source of natural antioxidants. This research aims to analyse the antioxidant compounds on the mix of dragon fruit peel powder and soy powder as a source of antioxidant beverage. The research design used one factorial that is the ratio of soy powder and dragon fruit peel powder (0%: 100%; 25%:75%; 50%:50%; 75%:25%; 100%:0%). The result showed that the antioxidant compound from this mixture was flavonoid, anthocyanin, and phenol. The range pH of the beverage are 5,25-6,83, range of water content are 4,81-6,29%, range of phenol content are 250,33-908,00 mg/100g, range of flavonoid are 250,33-908,00 mg/100g, range of anthocyanin are 8,00-387,83 mg/100g and the IC50 of the beverage are 17,61-18,60.
Effects of active packaging for maintaining quality of “wingko” traditional food in a tropical environment
Authors: Sismina D , Maksum M , Falah M A F
Published: April 2021

Wingko is a traditional food that popular as souvenir food which made from coconut with flat round shape, high fat and medium water content, and the tropical environment was directly affected shelf-life and the quality of wingko food. Objective of the research was to analyze the effects of active and vacuum packaging on quality of wingko food. Home wingko industry in Kotagede Yogyakarta was produced for sample wingko food, then, repacked using polyethylene plastic for three packaging treatments, firstly packaged without added active packaging and vacuum, second packaged with added active packaging without vacuum, and third packaged with added active packaging with vacuum and wingko food without packaging as a control. All treatments of food sample were stored at tropical ambient temperature. Physicochemical quality parameter were analysed using standard method such as color, hardness, water content, free fatty acid content, pH, and microorganism growth using yeast and mould test. Based on the result, we found that vacuum packaging with and without added active packaging can be maintained the quality of wingko food during their storage compare with that on control. Rancidity and mould can be pressurized their growth during wingko food stored using a vacuum with active packaging.
Physical, chemical and organoleptic quality of sweet potato leaves (Ipomoea batatas L.) ice cream
Authors: Hartati F K , Hasanah U , Sucahyo B S
Published: April 2021

During the Covid19 pandemic, many people are looking for healthy foods to boost their immune systems. The immune system can be boosted by consuming foods that contain vitamins, phenols, flavonoids and antioxidants, and one of these foods is sweet potato leaves. Sweet potato leaves have not been utilised optimally. So, to increase its utilisation, sweet potato leaves can be processed into a popular product, one of which is ice cream. The purpose of this study was to make healthy ice cream with the addition of sweet potato leaves extract. This study used a Completely Randomised Design (CRD) 2 factors. The first factor was the concentration of skim milk (10%, 13%, 16%). Meanwhile, the second factor was the sweet potato leaves extract 5%, 10%, 15%. Each treatment was repeated three times. The test parameters used in this study were physical analysis, namely overrun; chemical analysis, namely antioxidants (IC50), fat content, protein content, carbohydrate content, and crude fibre content; and organoleptic tests, including taste, colour, aroma, and softness. The results proved that S3D1 treatment with a concentration of 16% skim milk and 5% sweet potato leaves extract was the best treatment. This treatment obtained the highest Result Value (RV), which is 0.78. The other parameter results obtained were the taste test 6.44 (like); overrun 65%; softness 5.96 (like); IC50 value 112.30 ppm; protein content of 5.63%; fat content 0.76%; carbohydrate content 10.02%; crude fibre content 5.27%; vitamin C content16.79 mg; aroma 5,52 (like); and colour 5.59 (like).
Quality characterization of “wingko” traditional food by applying vacuum packaging in a tropical environment
Authors: Nisa K , Ainuri M , Falah M A F
Published: April 2021

Wingko is a traditional snack food that popular as a souvenir food which made from coconut with flat round shape, and its affected by tropical environment on quality and shelf-life of food. Objective of the research was to know the effects of vacuum packaging on quality characterization of traditional wingko food. Home wingko industry in Kotagede Yogyakarta was produced sample wingko food, then, it re-packaged using polyethylene plastic with nylon and applied vacuum with difference amount of food, for vacuum single, six and twelve food using low concentration of oxygen. Lastly wingko food without packaging as control. Several physicochemical quality parameter were analysed using standard method such as water content, free fatty acid content, pH, hardness of food, color of food and microorganism growth using yeast and mould value. Based on the result, we found that vacuum packaging can be maintained the quality of wingko food during their storage compare with that on control in every treatments with single, six and twelve products in vacuum packaging. Rancidity and mould can be depressed their growth during wingko food stored using a vacuum with packaging. Vacuum packaging treatments have a good impact on maintaining quality and extending shelf-life of the products.
The effect of ozonation time and contact time of edamame washing on color changes using the continuous type ozone washing method
Authors: Yudiastuti S O N , Wijaya R , Budiati T
Published: April 2021

Quality of edamame is the main requirement in the export trade, one of which is the skin color. The washing technique using ozone is expected to replace the use of chlorine in suppressing the microorganism contamination, pesticides residues and maintaining its quality. The ozonation time and ozone contact time variations were used in this study using continuous washing method. The ozonation time consisted of 0.10 and 15 minutes, while the washing contact time consisted of 0, 12, 18 and 24 minutes. Each variation was repeated 3 times to obtain an average result of changes in edamame skin color. The results of the research from the washing contact time and ozone time treatment gave identical results with the treatment without washing.
Antioxidant activity and sensory properties in packaged beverages with melinjo peel, mint leaves, and stevia leaves formulations
Authors: Apriliyanti M W , Ardiyansyah M. , Sholehah E. , Santoso A.
Published: April 2021

Melinjo is a well-known plant in Indonesia, almost all of the melinjo plant can be used. The famous product from melinjo fruit is emping. The processing of melinjo chips will produce waste in the form of melinjo peel. The peel of melinjo melinjo contains polyphenol compounds that can inhibit the performance of xanthine oxidase which causes gout. Besides that, it also has antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity and sensory properties of the melinjo peel, mint and stevia leaf packaging beverage formulations. The method used in this study was a completely randomized design with 6 treatments. Analysis of antioxidant activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-pycrilhidrazil (DPPH) method and sensory testing was carried out by 20 trained panelists. The best treatment for drinks in the package, namely the formulation of 1 gram melinjo peel; 1 gram of mint leaves; 1 gram of stevia leaves with an antioxidant activity value of 41.25% and has a slightly brown color, a slightly sweet taste, the aroma is quite fragrant with melinjo Peel, and the appearance is quite thick.
The improvement of white pepper quality using ozone application
Authors: Sukasih E , Hernani  , Sasmitaloka K S
Published: April 2021

The processing of white pepper is still done in the traditional way so that it has low quality. To improve the quality of white pepper has been tried using the ozone application. This research aimed to study characteristics of white pepper using ozone application. The experiment designed Randomized Complete Design (CRD) with two factors and three replications. The first factor was water soaking duration (4 and 6 days). The second factor was an ozone application for 0, 20, 40 and 60 minutes using an ozone generator. The analysis performed on physical, chemical, microbiological and flavor parameters. The results showed that the best treatment was soaked for 6 days and combined with soaking in 0.25 ppm ozonated water for 20 minutes. This condition produced white pepper according to the SNI standards with characteristics: yield of 28.55 ± 0.6%, bulk density of 622.77±17.8 g/l, moisture of 11.45 ± 0.5%, dark pepper berries of 0.94 ± 0.2%, foreign matter of 1.03 ± 0.20%, piperine content of 4.89 ± 0.12%, essential oil of 2.60 ± 0.02%, lightness of 35.10 ± 4.21, TPC of 1.25 x 102 CFU/g, and butanoic acid as an off-flavor were not detected.
Physicochemical and gelatinization properties of ethanol-treated sorghum flour
Authors: Yulianti L E , Setiaboma W , Sarifudin A
Published: April 2021

Granular cold-water swelling starch can be produced by ethanol-treated method. This work aims to determine the chemical, physical and gelatinization properties of ethanol-treated sorghum flour. White sorghum flour was heated in ethanol solution (45, 50 and 55 %v/v) with ratio of 1:9 at three temperature levels (60, 80 and 100 °C). The modified flour properties including moisture content, ash content, whiteness degree, and gelatinization properties were determined. The results showed that ethanol concentration had significant effect on the whiteness degree and breakdown properties. Heating temperature significantly affected the moisture content, whiteness degree, peak viscosity, final viscosity, breakdown and set-back properties of sorghum flour. Ethanol-treated sorghum flour produced from ethanol concentration of 55 % and heating temperature of 60 °C showed superior characteristics than the other treatments in which it’s properties including moisture content, ash content, whiteness degree, peak viscosity, final viscosity, breakdown and set-back properties were 10.24 %, 0.62 %, 84.85 %, 633.50 cP, 4713.50 cP, 571.00 cP, 4551.00 cP, respectively.
The effect of chocolate drink to hepatosomatic index of diabetes mellitus induced rat
Authors: Ratri P R , Yulianti A , Restuti A N S
Published: April 2021

Chocolate (Theobroma cacao) is one of the foods that contain a high antioxidant level. The effect of polyphenol compounds in cocoa beans and the chocolate products is the potential to be developed into healthy chocolate drink products. The cocoa powder has a high ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) value (80,933). This indicates that the cocoa powder has the ability to prevent the free radicals harm, including contributing to the heart organ repairing. The study was conducted using an experimental research method with a randomized design. Twenty-five male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Sprangue Dawley strain were divided into five treatment groups. Negative control (P-) consists of normal rats without chocolate drink treatment. Positive control (P+) consists of diabetes mellitus rats without chocolate drink treatment. Treatment 1 (P1) consists of diabetes mellitus rats treated with 2% of chocolate drink. Treatment 2 (P2) consist of diabetic rats treated with 4 % chocolate drink. Treatment 3 (P3) consists of diabetes mellitus rats treated with 6% chocolate drink. The intervention was carried for 14 days then a wet weight of liver organ was measured. The hepatosomatic index (HSI) level then analyze to show the effect. The Hepatosomatic index value are: P- = 3,79 ± 0,40; P+ = 4,66 ± 0,21; P1 = 4,41 ± 0,30 P2 = 4,45 ± 0,35 and P3 = 4,28 ± 0,58. The ANOVA test showed that there was no significant difference in the hepatosomatic index value in each treatment group (p = 0.15).
Functional analysis of the bioactive compound contents and antioxidant activity of extract red rice beverage
Authors: Fitriyah D , Ayu U D P , Puspita S D
Published: April 2021

Rice is an important commodity which is can be an effective vehicle in overcoming health problems. Several types of Indonesian rice varieties are pigmented rice (red, black, and purple). The content of phenolic, flavonoids and antioxidant activity in red rice is known to be more than in rice is not pigmented. The extract from red rice has the potential to be a beverage that is rich in antioxidants and other nutrients. This study was carried out the health potential of red rice such as bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity at post-processing. Four types of red rice commercially were used in this study. The initial test was carried out by extracting the four red rice using methanol (without processing condition), this is used for comparison. The processing condition of red rice beverages (extraction temperature of 90 °C, water: rice powder ratio of 20 ml/g, 25 ml/g, 30 ml/g, extraction time of 15 and 25 minutes). The samples were tested for total phenolic content, flavonoid, and antioxidant activity. The highest total phenolic content, flavonoid, and antioxidant in the samples without processing condition was 12.9 mg GAE/g, 5.7 mg QE/g, and 81.84%. Furthermore, the highest total phenolic content, flavonoid, and antioxidant activity of red rice extract with processing condition was 4.26 mg GAE/g (water: rice powder ratio of 20 ml/g, for 15 minutes), 14.13 mg QE/g (water: rice powder ratio of 25 ml/g, for 15 minutes) and 69.02% (water ratio of 25 ml/g, for 15 minutes), respectively. The processing of red rice extract beverages showed a decrease in antioxidant activity of 10.52-30.94% when compared to the samples without processing condition, and the decrease was less than 50%. So, it can be potential as a beverage that is rich in antioxidants. The extraction time for 15 minutes given the best result when compared to the extraction time for 25 minutes, it was indicated that could provide the best processing condition for making red rice beverages that are rich in the bioactive compound and antioxidant.
Characterization β-glycosidase of Tempeh from Rejected Edamame Soybean and Determination Method of Extracted Genistein by Conventional and Compared Using of Modern Method
Authors: Wibisono Y , Warsito H
Published: April 2021

The exploration of natural active material became special attention in recent research dimensions, such as genistein. Tempeh made from rejected edamame soybean is known to have a β-glycosidase enzyme and can be used to increase the content of genistein. The result of early research by Wibisono gave the conclusion that identification by 16S rRNA for IS.5 as dominant bacterial and β-glycosidase enzyme producer on soymilk from tempeh was L. plantarum IMAU: 10246. The resulting research gave the conclusion that GC content of L. plantarum IMAU: 10246 ratio was 56,37 mol%, had log phase of the 25 – 30th, stationary phase in 35th with death log phase in 45 - 50th from optimum temperature levels. On the other result, this bacterial had optimum growth on 35 – 38°C, pH 5,0 – 5,5 with having μm value as 0,276/hour, saturation constantan (K8) was 0,051 g/l and growth yield (Y) with 0,311 g biomass/g substrate. The result showed that using ammonium sulfate 40% was resulting specific activity of the highest enzyme approximately 1,856 x 10−2 unit.mg−1. Using Sephadex C-50 had yielded the increasing of specific activity becoming 0.218 unit.mg−1. The result of the molecular of the enzyme showed 11.51 kDa and has an optimum temperature of 40°C (by activity 0,0550 unit), optimum pH 6,5 (0,0923 unit), and had Km and Vmax values are 2,572 mM and 4,276 U.mg−1. β-glycosidase can be inhabiting by CaCl2 > EDTA > NaCl > KCl and allegedly belong to family 1. The extraction method using ultrasound yielded 1,526 mg.g−1, increasing 15,51% higher than conventional extraction. Hydrolysis optimally needs duration for about 120 minutes on 50 ml water containing 5g powder of tempeh from rejected edamame soybean.
Extraction and Micronization of β-glucan in One-step Process by Combining Subcritical Water and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Wahyudiono  , Machmudah S , Kanda H , Goto M
Published: April 2021

Subcritical water extraction was recognized as a one of the green ways to isolate plant biomass constituents. In this work, water at subcritical conditions would be subjected as a medium to isolate β–glucans from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum). The experiment would be performed at 130–190 °C and 4–40 MPa in a semi batch process. The FT–IR spectra described that, at subcritical water conditions, β–glucan was removed from barley grains and G. lucidum via dehydration and decarboxylation. To enhance the separation process, supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) is injected. To keep and to concentrate the water soluble glucan compounds in the liquid extract product, the micronization technique was performed integratedly after extraction process. SEM image illustrated that the particle generated was shriveled or dimpled and spherical with size from 1 to 6 μm, and the β–glucans content in the particle product is around 40 to 45 wt%.
Radio waves-based landslide mitigation system
Authors: Purwadi A , Utomo D T
Published: April 2021

Indonesian territory has a high potential for geological disasters such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis. To provide disaster protection it is necessary to carry out mitigation which is a preventive action to minimize the negative impact of natural disasters that occur. In areas where the GSM network is large enough, the disaster information system is being replaced by the advanced technology developed by the GSM protocol. However, if there is a telecommunication disruption and when all the regular communication infrastructure is down as well as geographic conditions are not covered by the public network. So one of the effective media in an effort to create an ideal information system is radio communication, which is widely used by Amatir Radio members who are widespread in Indonesia which can be accessed by all levels of society with a wide range. So this research was conducted by utilizing the VHF spectrum radio wave transmission with a frequency of 144 MHz as a transmission medium to convey information signals on landslide disaster mitigation for the community. From the system integration measurements were taken to obtain the value of the ground motion sensor and the range of radio wave transmission.
Spatial analysis and mapping of landslide prone areas in Kemuning lor village, sub-district Arjasa, district of Jember
Authors: Utomo A H , Husin
Published: April 2021

Kemuning Lor is one of the villages in district of Jember that is prone to landslides, especially when the intensity of rainfall is high. Previous research on the classification of landslide vulnerability level which was analysed based on socio-cultural, economic, physical and environmental parameters, showed that the level of vulnerability in the PTPN XII Kebun Renteng Afdeling Rayap which includes Kemuning Lor village in medium class. This condition contradicts the actual facts which show that Kemuning Lor village has a high level of vulnerability based on data on the number of landslide disasters during the last 10 years. The purpose of this study was to conduct spatial analysis and mapping of landslide-prone areas in Kemuning Lor Village. The method used to determine the location of landslide-prone areas is the Storie Index, which will be used in the Geographical Information System program. Before the overlay process is carried out, several parameter maps (slope and rainfall maps) will be made and scores will be given on each criterion from the parameter map. After doing the store index and getting the values in the form of numbers, the next step is to convert this range value into several levels as needed.
Application of backpropagation method for quality sorting classification system on white dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus)
Authors: Fitri Z E , Baskara A , Silvia M , Madjid A , Imron A M N
Published: April 2021

Several problems related to determining the quality of dragon fruit quality are: fruit disease, harvest time selection, sorting process and post-harvest grading. Determination sorting dragon fruit quality by observing the appearance of fruit, fruit smoothness, presence or absence of defects and fruit size. However, this quality determination has disadvantages such as longer sorting time and different perceptions of farmers about the quality of dragon fruit. To solve this problem, we need a sorting system that is able to determine the quality of dragon fruit effectively and efficiently without damaging the dragon fruit. In this study, determining the quality of white dragon fruit using digital image processing techniques and intelligent systems. The output of the digital image processing technique is five morphological features such as area, perimeter, length, diameter and metric. This feature is the input of the backpropagation method so that the quality of white dragon fruit is divided into 3 classes such as class A, class B and class C. The results showed the best network architecture model was 5,8,5,3 with the best testing accuracy rate of 86.67%.
Visual cueing modulation of cycling speed for training person with stroke in a virtual cycling system
Authors: Lesmana I P D , Mukhlisoh N A
Published: April 2021

The objective of this study was to investigate manipulation of cycling speed in virtual cycling system to affect person with stroke behaviour in real world. We have developed a virtual reality augmented cycling (VRAC) system to examine vision aspects of person post stroke with less walking ability by modifying virtual environment features which affecting cycling speed including gain, width and difficulty of cycling path. We tested two groups of participants divided into healthy young participants (n=3), and people post stroke (n=2) as all of them cycled using virtual cycling while we modified the features of virtual environment. From the tested result, we only found a slight difference in the behaviour of participants in the same group, but there are significant differences between groups of participants. In conclusion, manipulation of cycling speed in virtual environment had changed cycling behaviour of two groups and assisted to transfer visual information in real world to virtual world.
Development of realtime surface modeling vehicle for shrimp ponds (ReSMeV-SP)
Authors: Agustianto K , Kustiari T , Destarianto P , Wiryawan I G
Published: April 2021

The global frozen shrimp export market in 2018 was recorded at US $ 17.2 billion or around Rp.232.2 trillion (exchange rate Rp.13,500/US$). Indonesia is one of the main exporters of frozen shrimp in the global market, to be exact, in fourth place after India, Ecuador and Vietnam. The export value of Indonesian frozen shrimp last year, according to Worldtopexports.com, reached US$ 1.3 billion or Rp.17.55 trillion. Indonesia’s frozen shrimp market share reaches 7.8%. Indonesia’s frozen shrimp export market includes, among others, the United States, Japan and European Union countries. Based on these data, shrimp farming is a promising sector, but shrimp farming is very much determined by water quality. Water quality in shrimp farming always changes. Many factors influence changes in water quality. Among them are the amount of dissolved oxygen, availability of phytoplankton as natural shrimp feed, the state of shrimp biomass, PH and temperature. These factors in the water must be within the standard boundary rank. Therefore, to achieve the production efficiency of the shrimp industry, it is necessary to automate water quality control. This study aims to develop the Real-time Surface Modeling Vehicle for Shrimp Ponds (ReSMeV-SP) Using Fuzzy Algorithm. The tool produced by this study (ReSMeV-SP) will use the same sensor as the ASV but with a different class classification, the research is no longer referring to coral reef standards but in this study the reference is the optimal water conditions to support the growth of Vename Shrimp. The test results show an accuracy rate of 92%, the hope is that the tools developed by the research will be able to realize precise Vename Shrimp farming, so that production efficiency and increased shrimp production can be achieved.
The effect of biological fertilizer application on soil fertility, heavy metals reduction and eggplant yield on the rice field of Bantul regency
Authors: Riyanto D , Afriani R , Srihartanto E
Published: April 2021

Biofertilizer contains microorganisms which promote the adequate supply of nutrients to the host plants and ensure their proper development of growth and regulation in their physiology. They are in being promoted to harvest the naturally available nutrients and biological system of nutrients mobilization. This research aims to determine the effect of Silitech biofertilizers on soil fertility, heavy metal reduction and eggplant yields. The study was conducted in Piyungan District–Bantul on dry season of 2019. Research design was used a Randomized Complete Block Design with 7 treatments and 4 replications. Each treatment was applied in a plot size 8 m x 1.2 m and given a plastic mulch. The kind of treatments are: P0 (Control), P1 (100% NPK based on fertilizer recommendation), P2 (100% Biofertilizer), P3 (Biofertilizer + 25% NPK), P4 (Biofertilizer + 50% NPK), P5 (Biofertilizer + 75% NPK), P6 (Biofertilizer + 100% NPK). The result of study showed that application of Biofertilizer +75%NPK had a significant effect on increasing eggplant yield., dry plant biomass and the levels of C, N, P and K about 26,92 - 32,76% compare to the control treatment as well as increasing some micro elements, such as Ca, Mg, B, Zn and Mo compared to the treatment that given only 100% biological fertilizer and Biological fertilizer + 25% NPK but it was not significantly different from the application of Biological fertilizer + 100% NPK. Moreover, The Silitech biofertilizer also can reduce the levels of heavy metals content of Hg, Pb and Cd as much as 30.76-46.15%, 29.45-39.81% and 35.1-47.5% respectively. which indicated by the decreased their content after harvesting eggplant.
The production of pak choy (Brassica rapa L) based on cleaner coffee production
Authors: Kasutjianingati  , Wahyono A , Brilliantin A , Sari E K N , Prayitno
Published: April 2021

The environmental damage that is happening in Indonesia is getting bigger. Industrial activity waste is becoming more and more and creates pollution. The waste reduction process strategy can be done by collaborating, between agronomic technical applications and clean production. The purpose of this writing shows that the clean production process in the coffee industry can be collaborated through the development of healthy vegetables through the use of coffee waste after processing it into by-products (compost and liquid fertilizer). Hope can provide knowledge and an overview for the coffee farming community on how to apply this clean production concept to their industry. The production process is clean through energy efficiency and will ultimately result in minimization of useful waste again. The experiment used a randomized design. Treatment groups consisted of: the first composition (NPK compound fertilizer + Nasa liquid fertilizer + coffee compost); The second composition (NPK compound fertilizer + coffee waste liquid fertilizer + coffee compost); The third composition (liquid Nasa fertilizer + coffee waste liquid fertilizer + coffee compost). Growth variables consisted of plant height, number of leaves and leaf width; Production variables consist of weight / plant and weight / plot. The results obtained by the utilization of coffee production waste (coffee husk compost and coffee waste liquid fertilizer) are recommended to support clean coffee production, able to increase Pak Choy’s (Brassica rapa L) production per sample and area.
Utilization of javanese ginseng and citronella for insect diversity in Pace village, Jember regency
Authors: Erdiansyah I , Eliyatiningsih E , Sari V K , Nurahmanto D
Published: April 2021

This study aims to identify the diversity of insects in two species of herbal plants, namely Javanese ginseng and citronella in an attempt to initiate herbal plants which function as refugia which will be applied to agricultural plant cultivation. This research was conducted from May to June 2020 in Dusun Curah Wungkal, Pace Village, Silo District, Jember Regency. Sampling was done by purposive sampling, namely by taking insects on herbal plants using a sweep net. Sampling was carried out 4 times with intervals of 2 weeks. Insect diversity was analyzed using the Shannon Weiner diversity index and Dominance index. The differences between the observed parameters were analyzed using non-parametric statistics using SPSS version 15.0 software. The results showed that the number of insect abundance based on the Shannon-Wiener Index (H ’) in Javanese ginseng was higher than that of citronella plants (2.124 ± 0.102> 1.163 ± 0.282). For the species dominance level (C) it is classified as a medium category and the value of Javanese ginseng is higher than that of citronella plants (0.141 ± 0.014> 0.432 ± 0.124). This condition indicates that the ecosystem of Javanese ginseng and lemongrass herbal plants, the diversity of insects, is in a fairly balanced condition.