bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O PAPEL EMERGENTE DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NO DIAGNÓSTICO DE CÂNCER CEREBRAL
Authors: RODRIGUES LARISSA , SILVA BRENDA CAROLINE MUNIZ DA , SALGADO BRUNA APARECIDA PIRES , ROCHA ISABELLA MENDES , NOVAIS ROMMEL LARCHER RACHID
Published: August 2024

Resumo: Mesmo com os avanços científicos que ocorreram nas últimas décadas, a realização do diagnóstico precoce de
tumores cerebrais ainda é um desafio para a medicina. Sendo assim, unir esses avanços com o crescente desenvolvimento
tecnológico surge como uma possibilidade para que tal dificuldade seja solucionada, ainda que parcialmente. Entretanto,
essa conciliação ainda é repleta de questionamentos pela comunidade médica. Diante desta situação, o presente artigo
busca, através de uma revisão bibliográfica, abordar e analisar tais questionamentos. Objetivo: identificar o cenário
vigente da inteligência artificial (IA) no diagnóstico e tratamento dos cânceres cerebrais, além de obter uma visão
amplificada do tema, evidenciando seus desafios. Materiais e métodos: foi realizada uma revisão de literatura utilizando
artigos disponíveis em meio digital com uso de palavras chaves, totalizando 23 artigos, que foram publicados entre 2019
e 2024, posteriormente foram aplicados critérios de inclusão e exclusão, sendo que 11 artigos foram selecionados.
Resultados e discussão: os artigos selecionados foram evidenciados em uma tabela contendo as principais informações e
resultados em relação ao emprego da inteligência artificial. Foi destacado o uso de softwares e programas de
computadores que permitem uma realização e análise aprofundada e objetiva de exames e afins, por meio de algoritmos,
além do aprimoramento de técnicas usuais, como a ressonância magnética (RM). Entretanto, são necessários mais estudos
sobre o assunto, que visem aprimorar e padronizar as técnicas utilizadas e, além disso, facilitar seu acesso para diminuir
suas limitações clínicas. O uso de algoritmos no futuro da medicina provavelmente não substituirá os profissionais da
saúde, mas certamente mudará as relações trabalhistas, otimizando e automatizando processos, diminuindo o tempo dos
resultados e simplificando questões burocráticas. Considerações finais: o uso das IA pode ser muito útil na melhoria da
eficiência, precisão, acurácia e qualidade dos diagnósticos, mas também exige atenção aos desafios éticos e de segurança.
Palavras-chave: Câncer Cerebral; Diagnóstico; Inteligência Artificial.
Materiais Didáticos Digitais da/na Educação Física: Possibilidades Pedagógicas - Volume 2
Authors: Leitão Arnaldo Sifuentes , Santos Isadora Carolina Monteiro , Pereira Mateus Camargo
Published: August 2024

Com imensa alegria, apresentamos o livro "Materiais Didáticos Digitais na Educação Física: Possibilidades Pedagógicas". Este projeto é fruto do esforço e paixão de educadores e pesquisadores de Educação Física que, mesmo diante dos desafios da pandemia de COVID-19, mergulharam em um curso oferecido pelo Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa de Professores de Educação Física (GEPROFEF). Inspirados pelo curso "Educações Físicas: temas emergentes para mundos (im)possíveis" , realizado no segundo semestre de 2020 pelo Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais, os participantes se dedicaram à criação de materiais didáticos digitais. Esta foi uma resposta inovadora para o ensino remoto, buscando trazer ferramentas pedagógicas grandiosas para as práticas pedagógicas da Educação Física nesses tempos de distanciamento. Os autores deste livro são alunos, professores e pesquisadores que botaram a mão na massa, participando de programas como o PIBID e cursos de Formação Inicial e Continuada no IFSULDEMINAS. O resultado desse trabalho em equipe é uma coleção de materiais educativos que vão colaborar com a prática pedagógica na Educação Física. Dentro destas páginas, você vai encontrar uma VARIEDADE de materiais didáticos sobre temas como "Guia de Ginástica na Educação Física Escolar" , "Circo e Lutas" , "Minhas Atividades: Jogos Olímpicos, Recordes e Curiosidades das Olimpíadas" , "Vôlei: Revista Estudantil" e "Xadrez: Agora é a Sua Vez". Cada material foi feito com muito carinho para proporcionar uma experiência educativa. Esperamos que este livro seja uma fonte de inspiração para educadores na construção de práticas pedagógicas criativas e inovadoras, ajudando na formação dos estudantes. Que os materiais aqui apresentados sejam uma ferramenta poderosa para todos que acreditam na importância da Educação Física para o desenvolvimento humano. Agradecemos profundamente a todos os professores, alunos e colaboradores que tornaram este livro possível. Desejamos a você uma leitura animada e cheia de inspiração.
BEHAVIOR OF REINFORCED CONCRETE CONTINUOUS DEEP BEAMS WITH OPENINGS AND USING MULTIPLE TYPES OF STRENGTHING
Authors: Basim kitab Huda , Abed Attiya Muhammad
Published: August 2024

In this research, thirteen specimens of reinforced concrete continuous deep beams were cast and tested. One was the main reference without openings, three were a reference for each style depending on the arrangement of the openings, while the other nine were strengthen beams using NSM technology. Three models were used to implement the strengthening (horizontal, vertical and inclined). The results showed an increase in load capacity after applying strengthening to the specimens, as well as an improvement in stiffness and ductility. The specimens with inclined strengthening gave the highest increase in load capacity The increase rates ranged between (19%-30%), The specimens with horizontal strengthening gave an increase ranging between (7%-26%), The specimens with vertical strengthening also gave an increase ranging between (7%-22%).
Smart urban infrastructure: Leveraging IoT for enhanced resilience to climate change
Authors: Bright Ojo  , Chisom Nnajiofor  , Emmanuel Osawe  , Chukwudi Tabitha Aghaunor
Published: August 2024

Promoting the use of smart infrastructure to improve adaptation to climate change impacts in urban settings is essential in reducing risks to the public, their well-being, and the economy. The IoT technology allows for constant monitoring and management of environmental changes, making urban structures much more resilient. Thus, this research aims to examine how IoT can help to reduce the effects of climate change, minimize the losses, and improve the restoration processes. It revisits the use of IoT in planning, monitoring, and managing the city’s use of real-time data, and energy efficiency. Furthermore, the paper also examines the IoT application in disaster management and its case studies including the smart cities of Barcelona and Songdo. Some policy implications and suggestions for future research are given to advance the understanding of urban resilience and sustainability. Thus, the results of the study stress the importance of multi-level approaches that include technology solutions, policies, and community involvement to develop sustainable cities that can mitigate and respond to the impacts of climate change.
Demonstration of quality evaluation for MDA-based web engineering methodologies using quality evaluation framework – WSDMDA case study
Authors: Mohammed Abdalla Osman Mukhtar  , Ahmed Mohammed Elsawi  , Nisreen Beshir Osman
Published: August 2024

Model-Driven Architecture (MDA)-Based Web Engineering (MDWE) techniques are commonly used in the development of web applications. These methodologies enable the development of well-designed web applications, which in turn enable the automatic generation of high-level models into executable implementations. There are currently many MDWE methodologies available, therefore choosing one over the other is a crucial decision. Six evaluators participated in the asynchronous online focus groups technique utilized in this research study to collect qualitative data regarding the Web Site Design Method MDA-Based (WSDMDA), an MDA-based and Audience-Driven MDWE methodology, in order to complete the assessment process. Following that, the collected qualitative data was examined using the Quality Evaluation Framework (QuEF) to evaluate the WSDMDA methodology's quality of functionality, which consists of two features and six sub-characteristics. Because of one of initiator of NDT methodology has also participate in WSDMDA evaluation, the comparison has been conducted between NDA and WSDMDA. The findings demonstrate that WSDMDA has superior functionality with regard to Web Modeling feature and all Quality Sub-characteristics like Interoperability, Transformability, and Flexibility. This study significantly demonstrates how approaches can be methodically assessed to determine their advantages and disadvantages when applied to actual web development situations. This offers a structured approach to MDA-Based MDWE methodologies evaluation that not only helps developers choose the best procedures for their projects but also enhances the scholarly conversation.
An automated process in building organic branding opportunity, budget Intensity, recommendation in seasons with Google trends data
Authors: Sasibhushan Rao Chanthati
Published: August 2024

We will discuss about the organic branding which is one of the most unique processes to build a brand. Most of the companies are trying to build their brand using paid branding through some well-known platforms like Google, Facebook, etc. Sometimes this method may work, but it may not have a far-reaching effect. Creating some hype is easy with paid branding. Creating mass-trust is not possible with paid branding. Moreover, it is expensive. Every company want a lot of organic traffic. The high volume of traffic will increase the orders for a company. For example, search for any online services such as software service providing website or e-commerce online stores or job boards or any other goods, the main revenue growth depends on the amount of traffic routed to their website.
Association between living area, economic level, and the intake of highly processed foods
Authors: Metti Verawati  , Aida Ratna Wijayanti  , Astika Gita Ningrum
Published: August 2024

The increasing consumption of Highly Processed Foods (HPF) in the eating habits of adolescents and young adults is associated with various health problems, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders. Factors influencing dietary choices include living arrangements, family economic status, and the amount of pocket money play an important role in eating habits. This research aims to determine the association between living arrangements, economic status, and HPF consumption among Muhammadiyah high school/vocational school students in Ponorogo in 2024. The method used in this research is the cross sectional. The analysis carried out in this research focused on young women at Muhammadiyah Highschool in Ponorogo in 2024. The data was analyzed using the correlation test Spearman’s Rank. The research results show that it is a place to live with value p-value = 0.223 which can be concluded that there is no significant association between place of residence and HPF consumption, family income and the value p-value = 0.046 which can be concluded that there is a significant association between family income and HPF consumption, and pocket money and the value p-value = 0.046 which can be concluded that there is a significant association between family allowances and HPF consumption. Addressing environmental and socioeconomic factors that influence adolescent eating habits is critical to promoting better health outcomes. Future research should continue to explore this association and develop targeted strategies to mitigate the adverse impacts of HPF consumption in this vulnerable population.
Cetacean citizen science: Using iNaturalist as a tool to study whales and dolphins
Authors: Shem Unger
Published: August 2024

Cetaceans are commonly observed in open water or near shore habitats by citizen scientists, recreational boaters, tourists, and researchers. Sightings representing images with known time and location data may include an assortment of behaviors are readily visible, and can provide distribution data for future monitoring, validate beach strandings, or highlight localities where species occur. However, to date, there is no assessment across species of the presence, distribution, and behavior of North American cetaceans of the increasingly utilized citizen science application iNaturalist. To this end, this short communication presents distribution and temporal trends on presence, mortalities, and behaviors present in cetaceans within the USA. These findings highlight iNaturalist as a powerful tool and the potential application of this app for future cetacean research and environmental management.
Efektivitas Pemberian Psikoedukasi Marriage Education Terhadap Marriage Attitude Pada Dewasa Awal
Authors: Annisa Nida Muthi , Putri Pradiptya S , Putra Aditya Eka , Amos Amos
Published: August 2024

Pembentukan konsep pernikahan dapat terbentuk dari marriage attitude yang dimiliki individu Salah satu cara agar dapat membentuk sikap terhadap pernikahan adalah dengan memberikan edukasi pernikahan pada dewasa awal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemberian psikoedukasi marriage education terhadap marriage attitude pada dewasa awal. Subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 88 orang dengan 44 orang pada kelompok eksperimen dan 44 orang merupakan kelompok kontrol. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini quasi eksperimen dengan menggunakan nonrandomized pretest-posttest control group design. Pengumpulan data menggunakan Marriage Attitude Scale (MAS). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji Man U Whitney dengan bantuan SPSS 25. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa psikoedukasi marriage education berpengaruh secara efekrif terhadap  marriage education pada dewasa awal.
Konformitas Teman Sebaya dan Stres: Studi Pada Penyebab Perilaku Merokok Mahasiswa
Authors: Hanifah Sylvanita , Hamdan Stephani Raihana
Published: August 2024

Faktor yang menyebabkan perilaku merokok dapat berasal dari faktor eksternal dan faktor internal. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini memprediksi faktor penyebab perilaku merokok pada mahasiswa yakni konformitas teman sebaya sebagai faktor eksternal dan kondisi stress sebagai penyebab internal yang mempengaruhi perilaku merokok mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi berganda. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Alat ukur menggunakan skala Konformitas Teman Sebaya, Perceived Stress Scale dan skala Perilaku Merokok. Subjek penelitian yang dianalisis sebanyak 188 orang dan hasil menunjukan bahwa konformitas terhadap perilaku merokok terdapat pengaruh dengan p = 0,000 t = 0,597, stress terhadap perilaku merokok terdapat pengaruh dengan p = 0,010 t = 0,184 dan terdapat pengaruh antara faktor konformitas teman sebaya dan faktor stres terhadap perilaku merokok dengan p = 0,000 R = 0,633. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa konformitas teman sebaya dan stress berpengaruh pada perilaku merokok baik secara parsial maupun simultan.
Efek Mediator Regulasi Emosi Terhadap Kesepian dengan Subjective Well-Being Lansia Perempuan
Authors: Syahputra Muhammad Radja , Affandi Ghozali Rusyid
Published: August 2024

Lansia adalah fase puncak dari perkembangan manusia yang disertai dengan perubahan secara fisik, sosial, dan psikologis yang menyebabkan kecenderungan merasakan kesepian. Secara unik ditemukan bahwa perempuan jauh lebih merasa kesepian dibanding laki – laki. Kesepian berhubungan dengan tingkat subjective well-being yang rendah akibat penilaian negatif disertai emosi negatif, sehingga perlu untuk mengoptimalkan regulasi emosi agar dapat mengendalikan emosi negatif dan dapat merubah penilaian secara positif pada kesepian yang dialami. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah ingin mengetahui efek mediasi dari regulasi emosi pada hubungan antara kesepian dengan subjective well-being pada lansia perempuan. Metode penelitian menggunakan kuantitatif korelasional dengan melibatkan 182 responden lansia perempuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa regulasi emosi memiliki peran untuk memediasi kesepian dengan subjective well-being sehingga tingkat subjective well-being lansia perempuan dapat ditingkatkan.
PERSEPSI ANAK-ANAK TENTANG PERAN GENDER DALAM KELUARGA
Authors: Bangsawan Indra
Published: August 2024

This study explores how middle school children view gender roles in the family and how these views affect their interactions with other family members. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation in several junior high schools in urban areas. The results of the study show that the traditional perception of the role of the father as the main breadwinner and the mother as the housekeeper is still very strong among children. However, there are also indications of a shift in views towards gender equality, especially in more modern family settings and in schools that promote gender equality. Mass media has also been found to have a great influence in shaping children's views on gender roles. These findings underscore the importance of education about gender equality from an early age and the role of parents, educators, and the media in shaping a more inclusive and equitable view of children. The implications of this study show the need for educational programs and social policies that support gender equality to create an environment conducive to children's development.
PENDIDIKAN SEKSUAL BAGI REMAJA: TANTANGAN DAN HARAPAN DARI PERSPEKTIF ORANG TUA
Authors: Munawaroh Munawaroh
Published: August 2024

This study aims to explore the views of parents in West Java regarding sexual education for adolescents, identify the challenges they face, and understand their expectations for ideal sexual education. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participatory observations, and documentation analysis from three purposively selected parents. The results of the study showed that parents face a variety of challenges, including lack of knowledge, awkwardness, and the influence of social and cultural norms that consider sexuality a taboo topic. Nonetheless, they have high expectations for sexual education that can help children understand their bodies, respect personal boundaries, and make wise decisions. This research underscores the importance of external support from schools, governments, and communities to create a comprehensive sexual education curriculum and provide training programs for parents. The limitations of this study include a limited number of samples and a specific geographic focus. Further research is suggested to include a larger and more diverse sample and explore approaches to sexual education that are more inclusive and appropriate to different sociocultural contexts.
Self Compacting Green Concrete (SCGC) Kuat Awal Tinggi Menggunakan CaCO3, Carbide Waste, dan Bottom Ash.
Authors: Firdaus Muhammad Zuhal , Sunaryoto Achmad Firmansyah
Published: August 2024

Peningkatan kinerja dapat dilakukan dengan penerapan prinsip-prinsip inovatif dalam proyek konstruksi karena produk yang paling banyak dikonsumsi di bumi selain air adalah beton, lebih dari 4 milyar ton karbon dioksida per tahun dihasilkan dari industri ini. Untuk mengurangi masalah tersebut, penelitian pemanfaatan material alternatif pengganti semen pada beton SCC (Self Compacting Concrete) pada High Early Strength Concrete yang merupakan salah satu solusi yang baik. Sebagai alternatif, penggunaan CaCO3 dan limbah kalsium karbida untuk mengurangi jumlah semen sehingga karbon dioksida yang dihasilkan lebih sedikit dan menggunakan Bottom Ash sebagai pengganti pasir untuk mengurangi biaya agregat halus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan beton SCC dengan kuat tekan lebih dari 15 MPa pada umur 1 hari dengan campuran bahan ramah lingkungan tersebut, dengan sifat kimiawi dari bahan ramah lingkungan yang bereaksi secara simultan, hal ini menambah optimasi inovasi beton yang dilakukan baik dari segi kuat tekan beton, ramah lingkungan, dan pengurangan limbah material. hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan keefektifan dalam pengurangan penggunaan semen tetapi terbukti dapat meningkatkan kuat tekan awal pada umur 1 hari dan keefektifan emisi karbon dioksida yang dihasilkan sebesar 26,58%.
Analisa Kerentanan Hunian Tetap di Kabupaten Cianjur dengan Evaluasi Probabilitas Percepatan Gerakan Tanah
Authors: Syamsi Muhammad Ibnu , Faizah Restu , Monika Fanny , Wicaksono Imam
Published: August 2024

Indonesia menjadi salah satu negara yang memiliki kondisi seismik yang cukup tinggi. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena Indonesia dilewati oleh cicin api pasifik yang mempertemukan banyak lempeng dunia, sehingga wajar bila banyak terjadi kegempaan di wilayah Indonesia. Dengan kondisi kegempaan yang cukup tinggi perlunya kewaspadaan serta Tindakan yang diambil guna menanggulangi keadaan tersebut. Sektor infrastruktur menjadi sorotan penting ketika terjadi gempa bumi, karena korban jiwa sering kali disebabkan karena kegagalan struktur yang tidak kuat menahan beban gempa yang terjadi. Hal ini serupa seperti yang terjadi pada gempa bumi di Kabupaten Cianjur pada tahun2022 yang memakan banyak korban jiwa karena banyaknya kegagalan struktur pada hunian tetap. Oleh karena itu pada penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi hunian tetap masyarakat terkait kerentanan yang terjadi akibat gempa bumi. Pengujian kerentanan bangunan dilakukan dengan metode Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) dengan menggunakan data 11 rekaman gempa bumi. Nantinya akan diperoleh respon bangunan terhadap beban gempa yang bekerja serta diketahui angka probabilitas kerusakan yang dilihat dari kurva kerentanan. 5 performa level bangunan tersebut adalah Operational Phase (OP), Immediate Occupancy (IO), Damage Control (DC), Life Safety (LS), dan Collapse Prevention (CP).
NILAI FAKTOR KEMANAN PERKUATAN OPRIT JEMBATAN MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN GEOTEXTILE DAN CERUCUK GALAM pada TANAH LUNAK KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Fitriansyah Muhammad , Gustie Sambalewa Saky  , Irwandy Muzaidi  , Elia Anggarini
Published: August 2024

Tanah lunak menurut panduan geoteknik berkaitan dengan tanah-tanah yang jika tidak dikenali dan diselidiki secara tidak berhati-hati dapat menyebabkan masalah ketidakstabilan dan perkuatan jangka panjang yang tidak dapat ditolerir, tanah tersebut mempunyai kuat geser yang rendah dan kompresibilitas yang tinggi, Lapisan tanah lunak yang terletak di Banjarmasin kalimantan selatan mempunyai ketebalan hingga 25 m, tanah keras rata-rata terdapat pada kedalaman sekitar 40 m. Kemiringan tanah di Banjarmasin antara 0,13% dengan susunan geologi terutama bagian bawahnya didominasi oleh lempung dengan sisipan pasir halus dan endapan alluvium yang terdiri dari lempung hitam keabuan dan lunak Metode penelitian adalah suatu cara untuk memecahkan masaah ataupun cara mengembangkan ilmu penetahuan dengan metode ilmiah. Pada penelitian ini analisa yang digunakan adalah perbandingan perhitungan perkuatan pada oprit jembatan secara manual dengan dua metode perkuatan cerucuk galam dan bahan Geotekstil. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan data Sondir Proyek Jembatan Padat Karya, Berdasarkan hasil analisa perkuatan menggunakan cerucuk galam dan bahan geotekstil. Maka diketahui nilai perkuatan berdasarkan hasil nilai faktor keamanan sebesar 3,71 dan untuk geotekstil 1,21. Dari nilai faktor keamanan yang didapatkan bahwa perkuatan tiang cerucuk galam lebih baik daripada menggunakan geotekstil.
Optimalisasi Fungsi Sensor Prosonic Terhadap Kinerja Reclaimer Batubara di PT.SBI Tuban
Authors: Ponidi Ponidi
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini memanfaatkan data dari sensor prosonic FMU41 sebagai input variable untuk membatasi pergerakan reclaimer saat digunakan menggaruk material batubara. Data yang diambil merupakan nilai jarak ujung membrane sensor dengan permukaan material. Kemudian pembacaan nilai jarak dari sensor dikonversi menjadi tegangan sinyal 4-20 mA, lalu ditransmisikan ke perangkat PLC untuk dijadikan variable utama pada program. Software yang digunakan untuk memodifikasi program PLC adalah Simatic manager S7. Variabel berupa sinyal tegangan itu dikonversi menjadi nilai real agar dapat digunakan sebagai masukan fungsi logika di Simatic manager S7. Fungsi logika tersebut memprogram pergerakan reclaimer pada saat beroperasi agar berada pada rentang jarak yang  telah dikalkulasikan. Sehingga reclaimer akan selalu memiliki batas ujung dengan rentang jarak yang mengecil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan setelah optimalisasi sensor dan dilakukan modifikasi terhadap program PLC dengan mengatur jarak optimal yakni 15 cm untuk perpindahan rentang jarak travel menunjukkan permukaan material batubara membentuk pola terasering karena reclaimer selalu bergerak dengan rentang jarak yang mengecil. Intensitas kinerja reclaimer saat digunakan operasi juga tinggi karena longsoran material tidak terjadi sehingga pergerakan reclaimer tidak terhambat dan motor-motor listrik tidak mengalami trip.
Lintasan Pembelajaran Bangun Datar Menggunakan Puzzle Geometri
Authors: Nihmah Septiyani Zahrotun , Hijrilliawanni Dhea Rizqkhita , Zuliana Eka
Published: August 2024

Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat dan mengetahui manfaat dari pengunaan lintasan pembelajaran bangun datar mengunakan puzzle geometri. Penelitian memakai research  in design memakai lintasan pembelajaran dengan mengaplikasikan dan dikembangkan melalui materi pembelajaran yang dirancang sebaik mungkin dengan membuat permainan edukatif dengan tahapan menetapkan tujuan, riset materi, desain permainan, pembuat konten, uji, optimalkan, dan meninjau ulang.  Penelitian ini diadakan di SD Negeri Kayen 06.  Data yang di dapatkan dari wawancara, post-test dan permainan edukasi geometri dengan konsep PMRI dengan pengenalan membuat bangun sekitar. Hasil dari penelitian yaitu dengan konteks puzzle bangun datar konsep objek-objek nyata dalam kehidupan sehari-hari siswa menunjukkan antusiasme pembelajaran, merasa senang dalam pembelajaran sehingga menumbuhkan motivasi belajar dan pemahaman materi dalam konsep mengenal bangun datar.
Structure and microhardness of steel R6M5 coating after spraying and subsequent friction treatment
Authors: Kalita V. I. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS, Komlev D. I. , Radiuk A. A. , Mihailova A. B. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS
Published: August 2024

We have developed and investigated the process of friction treatment of a plasma coating made of R6M5 steel on a cylindrical substrate. Processing for up to 70 s is carried out by cyclic application of a pressure of 30 MPa by two tools made of R18M5 steel on a coating rotating at 900 rpm, including with additional movement of the tools along the generatrix of the cylindrical substrate. As the friction treatment time increases, the surface temperature of the coating rises to 1202 °C, which is sufficient for plastic deformation of the coating material. The microhardness of the coating after plasma spraying is 3.13 GPa after friction treatment increases to 7.64 GPa. A large degree of deformation of the upper layers of the coating under the action of tools determines the increase in the microhardness of the coating from the substrate to the free surface from 5.85 to 7.64 GPa.
Experimental verification of the mechanism of formation of condensed products from Ti – B – TiH2 powder mixture in the SHS process
Authors: Tarasov A. G. ,   Institute of Structural Macrokinetics RAS, Linde A. V. , Telepa V. T. , Studenikin I. A. ,   Institute of Structural Macrokinetics RAS,   Institute of Structural Macrokinetics RAS,   Institute of Structural Macrokinetics RAS
Published: August 2024

The features of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) of Ti + B + 10 wt % TiH2 powder mixture in the combustion and electrothermal explosion modes are experimentally studied. The type of condensed products formation mechanism for each regime is determined. It is found that in the SHS process of this composition, an equilibrium mechanism is realized, regardless of the synthesis mode. The phase composition of the products for the two modes is compared. The principal possibility of synthesis of a product with the same phase composition with different morphology (sintered or melted) for multicomponent mixtures in which the equilibrium mechanism is realized has been experimentally confirmed.
Las vidas de cristal. Mujeres, drogadicción y cárcel en Nayarit (México)
Authors: Tello Ibarra Jordán Vladimir
Published: August 2024

El “cristal” es el eufemismo que recibe la metanfetamina. Esa droga representa uno de los principales problemas de salud pública en México y Latinoamérica, por sus efectos bio psíquicos, por su alta dependencia adictiva y por su asequibilidad. El presente artículo analiza las experiencias vividas de las mujeres privadas de su libertad en la cárcel estatal de Nayarit con antecedentes de drogadicción. A través de entrevistas y diálogo abierto (durante el año 2022) se indagó sobre los antecedentes de consumo de droga en el marco de otros factores de exclusión social pre penitenciaria, en el Centro de Reinserción Social Femenil “La Esperanza” de Tepic, Nayarit, México.
Encaje de los sistemas de IA en la definición de producto en la legislación de productos defectuosos
Authors: Herbosa Martínez Inmaculada
Published: August 2024

La legislación vigente de productos defectuosos, resultado de la trasposición de laDirectiva 85/374, está llamada a regular los daños causados por aquellos bienes que adolecen de falta de seguridad, incluidos los sistemas de inteligencia artificial, mientras no entre en vigor la Directiva recientemente aprobada para su sustitución. Dicha normativa constituye una herramienta muy poderosa para asegurar a la víctima una compensación adecuada por los daños que la misma contempla, cada vez más frecuentes en una sociedad digitalizada. Pero quien se enfrenta a la interpretación y aplicación de dicha normativa a los sistemas de inteligencia artificial, se topa con una realidad compleja y difícil de reconducir a los conceptos y definiciones generales que la misma contempla. En el trabajo se abordan, en concreto, las dificultades de encaje de los sistemas de inteligencia artificial (y sus componentes) en la definición de producto en el ámbito de aplicación de esta normativa. El estudio de esta cuestión reviste cierta complejidad, debido a varias razones: no está claro que debe entenderse por inteligencia artificial, su estrecha dependencia de los datos y de ciertos servicios para cumplir alguna de sus funciones, así como su carácter abierto y su continua modificación, mediante actualizaciones y mejoras. A todo ello, debe añadirse que los sistemas de IA pueden comercializarse de distintas formas (como producto autónomo o como parte componente de otro) con consecuencias de régimen aplicable. Y, finalmente, que los propios sistemas de inteligencia artificial se pueden distribuir o comercializar como servicio, lo que exige analizar si los daños causados por estos se hallan o no comprendidos en el ámbito de aplicación de la legislación específica sobre productos defectuosos.
El scoring de Schufa
Authors: Arroyo i Amayuelas Esther
Published: August 2024

Schufa (Schutzgemeinschaft für allgemeine Kreditsicherung) es la mayor empresa privada en Alemania sobre información crediticia y a la que normalmente recurren los bancos y otros proveedores de servicios. La STJUE C-634/21, de 7 de diciembre de 2023, permite afirmar que el conocimiento que adquiera la entidad bancaria gracias a la empresa de score y sobre cuya base tomará luego una decisión no lleva necesariamente a excluir la aplicación del art. 22 RGPD. El razonamiento es que el credit scoring puede constituir una decisión automatizada, incluso en los casos en que un humano acabe decidiendo luego la denegación del crédito, aunque para ello haya que probar el peso decisivo del scoring en dicha decisión. Hecha abstracción del problema concreto que juzga esa sentencia, su importancia radica en que permite cuestionar por qué el interesado solo debería tener ciertos derechos (a obtener explicaciones adecuadas, expresar su punto de vista, u oponerse a la decisión) cuando la decisión en la que están implicados sus datos haya sido adoptada de forma exclusivamente o predominantemente automatizada.
Personalidad jurídica y penas
Authors: Alfaro Águila-Real Jesús
Published: August 2024

Se argumenta y pretende demostrar que el régimen de responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas, según el artículo 31 bis del Código Penal y normas concordantes, se explica adecuadamente desde una concepción patrimonial de la persona jurídica. Las personas jurídicas son creaciones del Derecho; son esencialmente patrimonios y su régimen jurídico pertenece al Derecho de Cosas, no al Derecho de la Persona. Por el contrario, el Derecho Penal es exclusivamente aplicable a los individuos y la teoría del delito no puede ser aplicada a las personas jurídicas, ya que estas no pueden ser sujetos activos de un delito ni culpables. Además, se argumenta que las penas, que expresan la capacidad humana para la responsabilidad, no pueden ser impuestas a las personas jurídicas, que solo pueden responder patrimonialmente. El legislador reconoce esta realidad al considerar las «consecuencias accesorias» del delito como penas para las personas jurídicas en el artículo 31 bis del Código Penal. Se concluye que la responsabilidad de las personas jurídicas es formalmente penal, pero no materialmente penal. Se aboga por abandonar las herramientas conceptuales del Derecho Penal y adoptar las de la responsabilidad patrimonial del Derecho Civil para entender correctamente la responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas.
"The Involved"
Authors: De Miranda Mota Gurgel do Amaral Maria Fernanda , Café Botelho Carla Mariana
Published: August 2024

This work examines, from the perspective of gender necropolitics, the femicides of girls and young women that took place in 2018 amid urban violence on the outskirts of Fortaleza. For this, initially, it seeks to understand the necropolitics of gender, especially its direct expression, which is femicide, highlighting the relationship between the occurrence of this crime with socioeconomic and oppression markers, such as gender, race, class, and with the biopatriarchal State structure. Then, it is intended to examine the factors that converge to the occurrence and the characteristics of the violent deaths of female adolescents that happened in peripheral territories of Fortaleza. For this work, which has a qualitative approach and a pure result, bibliographic research was carried out using official data made available by specialized institutes.
Relações da Atividade Profissional de Negociadores Policiais e Organização do Trabalho,
Authors: Da Silva Teixeira Marcos Eduardo , Drumond Moraes Thiago , Oliveira Bagalho Jaqueline
Published: August 2024

O Negociador Policial atua em incidentes críticos buscando solução pacífica por meio da verbalização em cenário imprevisível, o que pode interferir na saúde mental desses profissionais. Diante da escassez de pesquisas sobre esses profissionais, este estudo tem como objetivo investigar as relações entre organização do trabalho, inventividade na atividade e processo de saúde-doença de Negociadores da Polícia Militar. Foram entrevistados oito Negociadores, em entrevistas semiestruturadas, submetidas à análise de conteúdo e interpretadas pela teoria da Ergologia. O trabalho do Negociador pode gerar sofrimento ou prazer: a culpa por erros cometidos nas ocorrências e custos físico-emocionais envolvidos podem gerar desgaste. Porém, a organização do trabalho permite inventividade pessoal, boas relações sociais e relativa autonomia nas ocorrências, o que gera prazer, produz identidade profissional e reduz riscos de adoecimento. A pesquisa indica caminhos promissores para a promoção da saúde mental em organizações militares.
Norbert Elias e as Figurações Contempor Neas do Fenômeno das Drogas
Authors: Borges Guilherme , Barbosa de Lima Ricardo
Published: August 2024

Este estudo explora o fenômeno das drogas sob a ótica elisiana, dando ênfase à influência das pressões competitivas na formação de identidades coletivas (ethos) associadas às substâncias psicoativas na sociedade atual. Essas identidades, por sua vez, moldam as práticas e os comportamentos dos indivíduos, conceituados como habitus. A partir da análise de entrevistas com profissionais do sistema de justiça criminal de Goiânia/GO, emergem dois ethos predominantes: o proibicionista e o antiproibicionista. As nuances em seus discursos revelam predisposições sociais que influenciam diretamente suas funções, configurando seus habitus profissionais. Conclui-se que a interação entre esses ethos e sua influência no habitus tem um impacto significativo na interpretação do fenômeno das drogas e na aplicação da lei no contexto do sistema de justiça criminal.
Harnessing Mathematical Models for Climate-Resilient Irrigation in Bangladesh
Authors: PEng AFM Afzal Hossain
Published: August 2024

Bangladesh, one of the most densely populated countries in the world, has no alternative to feed its 171.2 million population except for increasing food production. The government has also emphasized National Plans to achieve this through optimum utilization of the country's scarce land and water resources. The Kurigram Irrigation Project (South unit) aims to be a surface water-based irrigation project where water will be diverted from the Dharla River by constructing a Barrage. The project goal is to ensure water distribution through a network of irrigation canals to support local farmers and rural communities. This paper highlights the different activities undertaken, methodologies followed, and technologies used to develop the detailed irrigation plan so that the maximum area could be brought under gravity irrigation. An up-to-date topographic map was used to establish the irrigation plan. The irrigation canal layout has been verified in the field to assess its practical suitability, and it has been discussed with local people for their feedback. Full Supply Level (FSL) has been computed so that the maximum area can be brought under gravity irrigation, exceptionally high regions are proposed to be irrigated by LLP, and the least preference has been given to groundwater irrigation. Crop water requirement has been computed using CROPWAT version 5.7 of FAO. The suitability and effectiveness of the proposed canal layout, FSL, various structure locations, and related hydraulic parameters have been tested using a 1-D mathematical model for the irrigation network. The model was developed using the MIKE-11 DHI modelling software. Different option studies have been conducted to determine the optimum parameters by making necessary adjustments in the canal section, structure size, sill, location, and various hydraulic parameters to ensure timely delivery of required water with full supply level at different locations. Finally, the design engineers provided the optimum parameter values so that they could design the proposed irrigation system accordingly and get the maximum benefit from the project.
Associations between screen time and mental health in childhood and adolescence: Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study
Authors: Loban Maria , Dräger Jascha , Bardid Farid
Published: August 2024

Objective: This study aimed to examine the curvilinear relationship between screen time and mental health in childhood and adolescence—thereby testing the digital Goldilocks hypothesis (Przybylski & Weinstein, 2017). Methods: Multiple data sweeps were utilised from the Millennium Cohort Study, a nationally representative longitudinal study of children born in the UK in 2000-2002. Mental health was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, focusing on internalising and externalising problems. Screen time was measured in hours per day for TV viewing and video gaming. Separate ordinary least squares regression analyses were conducted for each combination of measures of mental health and screen time at age 5, 7, 11, 14 and 17—controlling for ethnicity, gender, and neighbourhood deprivation. Results: A curvilinear relationship was found for age 14 (for both TV viewing and video gaming and for externalising and internalising problems), but findings across other ages were inconsistent. Data does indicate that both excessive screen time (7 hours or more), and none at all may adversely affect the mental health of children and adolescents. Conclusions: This study provides some evidence in support of the Goldilocks hypothesis across childhood and adolescence. It also provides valuable insights into the nuanced association between screen time and mental health, emphasising the need for further investigation. The findings suggest the importance of balanced screen time to mitigate potential negative impacts on mental health. Continued research in this area is crucial to inform evidence-based guidelines and promote healthy screen time use among children and adolescents.
Using Hydrogeomorphic Features to Quantify Structural and Functional Hydrologic Connectivity in a Coastal Plain Headwater Stream
Authors: Peterson Delaney , Jones C. Nathan , Plattner Alain , Shogren Arial , Godsey Sarah
Published: August 2024

Headwater streams comprise most of the global river length, and hydrologic processes occurring in headwaters affect the chemical, physical, and biological functions of downstream aquatic ecosystems. However, we do not have a clear understanding of the spatial scales that drive hydrologic processes across headwater systems, particularly in Coastal Plain landscapes. We address this gap by characterizing hydrologic connectivity in a small, forested watershed in the Coastal Plain of Alabama, USA. We collected data across three spatial scales: the watershed (0.9 km2), hydrogeomorphic feature (100-500 m), and hillslope (10-100 m) scales. We characterized stream network variability using seasonal surveys combined with water monitoring wells to characterize stream hydrologic state across 2021, paired with an Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Time Domain Induced Polarization (TDIP) survey to characterize subsurface structure. Our results suggest that discretizing the river corridor into distinct hydrogeomorphic features provides a framework for understanding the dynamics of hydrologic connectivity within a watershed. Each hydrogeomorphic feature experienced consistent hydrologic states that differ along the network: incised channels gained water, intact riparian zones lost water, and wetland-stream complexes reflected no net water gain or loss from the river corridor. Subsurface structures observed with the ERT/TDIP survey indicate heterogeneous perched flowpaths, with saturation occurring variably throughout both space and time. Altogether, these results suggest that studying watersheds across a hierarchy of scales can provide insight into the dynamics of hydrologic connectivity, and that hydrogeomorphic features can provide a key intermediate scale for the integration of hydrologic processes across the river corridor.
The many roles of precision in action
Authors: Limanowski Jakub , Adams Rick , Kilner James , Parr Thomas
Published: August 2024

Active inference describes (Bayes optimal) behaviour as motivated by the minimisation of surprise of one’s sensory observations, through optimisation of a generative model of the hidden causes of one’s sensory data in the brain. One of active inference’s key appeals is its conceptualisation of precision as biasing neuronal communication and thus inference within generative models. The importance of precision in perceptual inference is evident—many studies have demonstrated the importance of getting precision estimates right for normal (healthy) sensation and perception. Here, we highlight the many roles precision plays in action; i.e., the key processes in action that rely on adequate estimates of precision—from decision making and action planning to the initiation and control of muscle movement itself. Thereby, we focus on the recent development of hierarchical “mixed” models—generative models spanning multiple levels of discrete (categorical) and continuous active inference. These kinds of models open up new perspectives on the unified description of hierarchical computation in action. We shall highlight how these models reflect the many roles of precision in action—from planning to execution—and the associated pathologies if precision estimation goes wrong. Thereby we shall also discuss the potential biological implementation of the associated message passing, focusing on the role of neuromodulatory systems in mediating different kinds of precision in action.
JOLs impact item memory but not source memory: Insights into JOL reactivity using a multinomial model
Authors: Myers Sarah J. , Loaiza Vanessa Maria , Rhodes Matthew
Published: August 2024

Past research has evaluated participants’ understanding of their memory by soliciting judgments of learning (JOLs). Importantly, JOLs sometimes change memory for the judged material, leading to JOL reactivity. The cue-strengthening account (Soderstrom et al., 2015) and changed-goal account (Mitchum et al., 2016) propose different mechanisms that lead to JOL reactivity. In the present study, we collected measures that can provide further insight into these mechanisms. Specifically, participants studied related and unrelated word pairs in different colored fonts for a source recognition test. Across three experiments, data were analyzed using a hierarchical Bayesian model of multidimensional source memory to determine how JOLs impact item memory as well as relatedness and color source memory. In Experiment 2, we also compared the effects of making JOLs to making judgments of relatedness (JORs), and Experiment 3 examined how JOLs impact study time allocation. The results of our experiments failed to fully follow predictions of either account. Making JOLs (Experiments 1-3) and JORs (Experiment 2) strengthened item memory for related as well as unrelated pairs, the latter finding not predicted by either account. In addition, JOLs and JORs did not specifically strengthen source memory for relatedness, as the cue-strengthening account predicts, nor did JOLs change study time (Experiment 3), as suggested by the changed-goal account. In all, our results provide novel insight that enhanced item memory may be largely responsible for JOL reactivity, thus adjudicating between candidate explanations.
Deep Learning Analysis Approach for Major Depressive Disorder in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Jahanian Najafabadi Amir , Bagh Khaled
Published: August 2024

Abstract — This chapter reviews deep learning models previously used to identify neuro-biomarkers related to major depressive disorder in adults and children, detailing the outcomes of prior research and current advancements in this field. In addition, this chapter explores the use of convolutional neural networks to classify and detect neuro-biomarkers associated with major depressive disorder in comparison to age-matched healthy individuals. Specifically, convolutional neural networks, utilizing the visual geometry group (VGG16) and DeprNet models were applied to analyze resting-state, eyes-closed electroencephalography (EEG) data. The EEG data undergoes thorough pre-processing, and deep learning modules are employed to facilitate the understanding and analysis of the data. These techniques aim to extract neuro-biomarkers of interest within each frequency band and across various regions of interest, striving to develop a robust and generic method for interpreting the model's "black box." The approach used in this research incorporates several robust scoring methods, addresses data imbalance, manages the limited data availability, and optimizes the hyper-parameters of these deep learning models.