bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Net Neutrality matters: Privacy antibodies for information monopolies and mass profiling | Neutralidade da rede importa: anticorpos de privacidade para monopólios de informação e profiling em massa
Authors: Riva Gianluigi M. , Barry Marguerite
Published: December 2019

Profiling activities used to personalise user content can place online corporations in a position of significant influence over user behaviour. The ability to deliver different search engine results, news feeds, discriminatory prices, and so forth, can be exploited to grant unequal access to different kinds of content. This is likely to intensify with the Internet of Things (IoT), which will surround individuals with sensors capable of 24/7 full tracking. This content-shaping power jeopardises the neutral accessibility that a democratic internet should ensure. Indeed, both neutrality and accessibility should refer not only to the service connection but also to the content it delivers. This study examines this personalisation and filtering power in light of Privacy and Data Protection regulations to explore how privacy principles can be used to enhance IoT accessibility. It elaborates a comparative analysis of legislative sources related to public goods and interests, data flows and contract law relationships, into a holistic narrative reasoning. The discussion addresses the monopolistic economic position of platforms, their connected revenue models and the power to control and influence information. Fake news plays a crucial role in this and is addressed consequently. Therefore, the study analyses how these factors together could form profiling ‘multi-monopolies’ in connection with a non-neutral Internet of Things. Furthermore, techniques of influence have more grip where there is a lack of awareness and knowledge, and a new model of digital “divide et impera” seems to enhance these phenomena. Besides, social score systems and discriminatory pricing can be powerful tools in this sense. We discuss the gap between regulatory approaches and real-world situations, offering common legal tools and Privacy by Design (PbD) as potential solutions for neutral accessibility. We highlight how the current regulatory framework requires more harmonisation to guarantee effective user protections, especially in an IoT ecosystem.
Impacto de uma intervenção educacional de enfermagem em pacientes portadores de DPOC
Authors: Alves Renata Camargo , Lima Luciane Soares de , Barbosa Dulce Aparecida , Lima Silvana Andrea Molina , Bettencourt Ana Rita De Cássia
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: avaliar os efeitos imediatos da orientação do plano de alta hospitalar aos pacientes com DPOC. Método: estudo prospectivo, comparativo, realizado num hospital privado de São Paulo, com pacientes com DPOC. Na primeira etapa foi aplicado questionário “Plano educacional para pacientes com DPOC” para avaliar conhecimento do paciente sobre sua doença. Na segunda etapa foi realizada intervenção educacional e na terceira, reaplicação do questionário. A comparação do resultado do pré e pós-teste foram feitas pelo teste T pareado. Projeto de pesquisa aprovado em comitê de ética, parecer no 003/12. Resultados: dos 50 pacientes participantes do estudo, 68% responderam não conhecer bem sua doença antes da orientação e apenas 22% após intervenção educacional. Todas seções do questionário apresentaram aumento na média de acertos após intervenção educacional. Conclusão: orientação do plano de alta hospitalar mostrou-se efetiva resultando em melhora imediata do conhecimento.
Rede de apoio social da família para o cuidado da criança com paralisia cerebral
Authors: Gomes Giovana Calcagno , Jung Bianca Contreira de , Nobre Camila Magroski Goulart , Norberg Pâmela Kath de Oliveira , Hirsch Carolina Domingues , Dresch Fabiele Dias
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: analisar a rede de apoio social utilizada pela família para cuidar a criança com paralisia cerebral. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva, realizada com 12 mães de crianças com paralisia cerebral atendidas em unidade de pediatria do Hospital Universitário de Rio Grande. Os dados foram coletados nos meses de agosto e setembro de 2018, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, e submetidos à análise temática. Resultados: identificou-se a rede de apoio social formada pelos familiares, amigos, vizinhos, profissionais de saúde e ancorada pela fé em Deus. As mães foram protagonistas do cuidado e algumas não receberam nenhum tipo de apoio para os cuidados dos filhos. Conclusão: a rede de apoio social contribuiu para a superação de dificuldades da família e para o cuidado da criança, sendo fonte de apoio emocional, financeiro, ajuda com o transporte, remédios e orientação dos profissionais de saúde/enfermagem.
NOMADISMO, CURRÍCULOS E COTIDIANOS ESCOLARES: OU SOBRE UMA POLÍTICA NÔMADE PARA O CORPO
Authors: Ferraço Carlos Eduardo , Delmondes Marina De Oliveira
Published: December 2019

Trata-se de um dos desdobramentos da pesquisa de doutorado que problematiza as relações entre corpo, currículos e cotidianos escolares a partir do campo epistemológico da filosofia da diferença. O estudo propõe pensar as relações de poder-disciplina-controle dos corpos por vias prescritivo-documentais e nas práticas-políticas curriculares tecidas nos cotidianos escolares como desencadeadoras de uma experimentação corpo sem órgãos (CsO) que, por sua vez, tece uma política nômade para o corpo. Ao dialogar com Deleuze e Guattari, Foucault, Kafka e outros intercessores e ao nos agenciar ao corpo metamorfoseado de Gregor Samsa, suspeita-se que resistir e criar são possibilidades dos corpos que transitam pelas escolas praticando um currículo menor.
A EDUCAÇÃO ENTRE A RELIGIÃO E A POLÍTICA: CONSERVADORISMO CRISTÃO E O HOMESCHOOLING.
Authors: Da Cruz Alves Junior Alexandre Guilherme , Vilas-Bôas Trovão Flávio
Published: December 2019

O presente ensaio tem poro objetivo discorrer sobre a construção dos argumentos religiosos nos Estados Unidos para a defesa da implementação e popularização do homeschooling como modalidade de educação formal. Embora os argumentos dos seus defensores não se resumam aos aspectos religiosos, interessa-nos compreender a sua apropriação como um espaço de mediação entre tais valores e a política educacional institucional, resgatando o contexto histórico norte-americano dos anos 1980, no momento de sua expansão e suas possíveis variações na atual política educacional daquele país.  .
Design and Evaluation of Tea-Plucking Machine for Improving Quality of Tea
Authors: Han Yu , Xiao Ru Hong , Song Yu Zhi , Ding Qin Wen
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Tea harvesting has always been tedious work. Tea harvesting mechanization is still incomplete in most tea-planting areas. To improve the mechanization of tea plucking, this article introduces a self-propelled track-type tea-plucking machine which mainly consists of a track chassis, an elevator system, a cutting system, and a transmission system. In this article, the structure and functions of the main parts of the self-propelled tea-plucking machine are introduced in detail. Additionally, the rigid body motion model was established. Next, orthogonal experiments (the factors were travel speed and the speed ratio of cutting to traveling) were conducted with three factor levels, and to choose the optimal factor level combination, fuzzy synthesize evaluation was conducted on the results of the orthogonal experiments. The motion model showing that the cutter moves in a cosine law and that the inertia force of the drive shaft and blades also move in a cosine law while working. The experiment reveals that (1) both travel speed and speed ratio of cutting to traveling have a significant effect on the quality (integrity rate, unpicking rate, stubble unevenness) of plucked tea leaves, and (2) the interaction affects only the integrity rate. The fuzzy synthesize evaluation indicates that the optimal factors are as follows: the cutting speed is 0.3 m/s, and the speed ratio of cutting to traveling is 1.0. With this set of parameters, the plucking integrity increased by 20% compared with Japan’s ride-on-type tea-plucking machine. This research made considerable progress in the mechanization of tea plucking, which reduces the cost for employing pickers, enhances the earnings of farmers by improving the quality and price of tea, and supports the sustainable development of tea industry. Keywords: Agricultural machinery, Experiment, Fuzzy synthesize evaluation, Harvest, Hydraulic, Tea.
Development and Field Test of an Autonomous Strawberry Plug Seeding Transplanter for Use in Elevated Cultivation
Authors: Liu Jizhan , Zhao Shengyi , Li Nan , Faheem Muhammad , Zhou Tong , Cai Weijian , Zhao Mizhen , Zhu Xiaoyong , Li Pingping
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Transplanting seedlings is one of the most important but labor-intensive operations in strawberry cultivation. However, oversized strawberry seedlings, the planting environment of elevated cultivation facilities and the requirement of positioning the arched back outward are unique challenges compared with current transplanters for other plants. First, we investigated the working environment and goal of the transplanter. In this research, a new system was proposed that is completely different from existing transplanters. The main components, including the autonomous vehicle navigated with an arc array of photoelectric switches, the pneumatic rotary dual-gripper unit, the dual-hole punching unit, the grip-punch coupled transportation unit, and the easy plug-feeding unit, were developed. Then, the structure and basic control logic of the control system was introduced, and an autonomous control mode with minimal manual intervention was described. In field tests, it was found that the prototype achieved the autonomous transplantation of oversized strawberry seedlings into elevated facilities, ensuring the proper orientation of the arched back. The overall success rate and speed reached 95.3% and 1047.8 plants/h, respectively, and the coefficients of variation of plant distance, row spacing, and row straightness were 4.67%, 6.55% and 5.77%, respectively. The transplanter developed here has good application prospects to replace manual operation. Keywords: Autonomous, Elevated cultivation, Strawberry, Seedling, Transplanter.
Design and Test of a Pineapple Picking End-effector
Authors: Du Xinwu , Yang Xulong , Ji Jiangtao , Jin Xin , Chen Lei
Published: December 2019

In eastern China, pineapple harvesting is a complicated and sometimes dangerous task, and an effective method to harvest pineapples instead of picking them manually has not been developed. In this article, a pineapple picking end-effector based on the physical properties of pineapples (static friction characteristics and compressive properties) was designed. The fingers of the end-effector were used to capture a pineapple in the form of step-by-step movement to help reduce fruit damage and plant damage during picking. The indexes of the evaluation of the pineapple picking performance (fruit damage rate, plant damage rate, fruit fall rate and average picking time) were established, and the picking test was conducted at a pineapple plantation. The temperature effect was analyzed in the morning (19°C) and at noon (35°C). The temperature had no significant effect on the picking performance. The picking performance test showed that the size of the fruit might be the main cause of fruit damage. Throughout the picking test, the fruit damage rate was 5%, the plant damage rate was 0%, the fruit fall rate was 1.7%, and the average picking time of each fruit was 14.9 s. Keywords: Pineapple, Physical properties, End-effector, Low damage picking.
Monitoring of Pathogenic Bioaerosols in Beef Slaughter Facilities Based on Air Sampling and Airflow Modeling
Authors: Beck Samuel H , Castillo Alejandro , Kinney Kerry A , Zuniga Alexander , Mohammad Zahra , Lacey Ronald E , King Maria D
Published: December 2019

Highlights

Significant bioaerosol concentrations were detected in beef slaughter facilities

Airflow was modeled in beef facilities and potential pathogens were tracked

Results indicate transport of bioaerosols toward chiller with final food product

New ventilation designs indicate that plant sanitation can be improved

Additional studies are required to verify effectiveness of new ventilation

Abstract. and Shiga toxin producing (STEC) have long been recognized as pathogens of concern in meat products due to the prevalence of these microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract and hide of livestock. Bacterial ingestion due to contaminated food products causes a great economic burden from the hospitalization and death of those who become infected. Recently, aerosolized bacteria have been recognized as a threat to human health and shelf life of food. In beef processing facilities, the majority of harmful bacteria are introduced by the cattle. Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems can harbor and transport these microscopic organisms. Salmonella and STEC cause 78 billion dollars lost every year due to contaminated food. During the harvesting process, these pathogens may become aerosolized from the carcasses by various mechanisms, including worker activity and airflow from HVAC systems. Although bacteria are robust creatures, environmental conditions including ventilation can be manipulated to disrupt their proliferation. In this study, one rural and one small beef facility were examined. High air volume wetted wall cyclone bioaerosol samplers capable of collecting and concentrating bioaerosols in a liquid effluent were used during the entire processing at bleeding, de-limbing, de-hiding, washing, and chiller locations. Bioaerosols were analyzed using microbial plating, quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction, and microbiome analysis. Total bacteria counts, STEC, and concentrations were enumerated in the air and critical areas were identified. and STEC were found to increase with each passing day in the facility, as well, total counts and STEC increased between morning and afternoon phases of processing. Significant differences in total counts and temperature were found at different locations in the facilities. Blueprints were obtained from the examined facilities and the cattle processing floors were modeled using computational fluid dynamics. The airflow created from the HVAC systems was found to have a significant effect on the spread of bioaerosols. Similarities were found between the collected concentrations of bioaerosols and particle traces in the modeled facilities. Finally, new ventilation models were generated to significantly increase the sanitation of the beef slaughtering process. Keywords: Airflow pattern, Beef processing facilities, Bioaerosols, Computational fluid dynamics modeling (CFD), Displacement ventilation, Wetted Wall Cyclone (WWC).
Calcitonin-negative medullary thyroid carcinoma: the ‘triple-negative’ phenotype
Authors: Murphy DC , Johnson SJ , Aspinall S
Published: December 2019

Calcitonin-negative medullary thyroid carcinoma is a rare, poorly understood primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the thyroid characterised by classic medullary thyroid carcinoma morphology without raised serum calcitonin. A 24-year-old woman presented with a slow-growing, right-sided neck swelling. She underwent an ultrasound scan, cytopathological and histopathological examination, and tests for alternative diagnoses. The ultrasound showed a heterogeneous, hyperechoic nodule in the right thyroid lobe. Serum calcitonin was normal. Cytopathology and histopathology showed typical medullary thyroid carcinoma morphology but without calcitonin upon immunostaining and mRNA in situ hybridisation. A ‘triple-negative’ calcitonin-negative medullary thyroid carcinoma was diagnosed. A completion thyroidectomy with bilateral central lymph node dissection was performed. The patient remains well three-years post-surgery. When cytopathology suggests a medullary thyroid carcinoma, serum calcitonin, pro-calcitonin, carcinoembryonic antigen and calcitonin-gene-related peptide should be measured to identify cases of calcitonin-negative medullary thyroid carcinoma. They should also be measured post-treatment for monitoring purposes. This will aid future calcitonin-negative medullary thyroid carcinoma diagnoses and will inform prognostic stratification and influence treatment decisions.
Dual-projector structured light 3D shape measurement
Authors: Yu Ying , Lau Daniel L. , Ruffner Matthew P. , Liu Kai
Published: December 2019

Structured light illumination is an active three-dimensional scanning technique that uses a projector and camera pair to project and capture a series of stripe patterns; however, with a single camera and single projector, structured light scanning has issues associated with scan occlusions, multi-path, and weak signal reflections. To address these issues, this paper proposes dual-projector scanning using a range of projector/camera arrangements. Unlike previous attempts at dual-projector scanning, the proposed scanner drives both light engines simultaneously, using temporal-frequency multiplexing to computationally decouple the projected patterns. Besides presenting the details of how such a system is built, we also present experimental results demonstrating how multiple projectors can be used to (1) minimize occlusions; (2) achieve higher signal-to-noise ratios having twice a single projector’s brightness; (3) reduce the number of component video frames required for a scan; and (4) detect multi-path interference.
Wide and tunable spectral asymmetry between narrow and wide facet outputs in a tapered quantum-dot superluminescent diode
Authors: Forrest Adam F. , Krakowski Michel , Bardella Paolo , Cataluna Maria Ana
Published: December 2019

A wide spectral asymmetry between the front and rear facets of a tapered chirped quantum dot multi-section superluminescent diode is reported. The spectral asymmetry between the two facet outputs was found to be tunable and highly dependent on the bias asymmetry between the two contact sections, with a spectral mismatch of up to 14 nm. Numerical simulations confirmed a relationship between this spectral asymmetry and the non-uniform filling of the quantum dots’ confined states when different current densities are applied to the device electrodes. The results from this investigation open up an additional degree of freedom for multi-section superluminescent diodes, which could pave the way for optical bandwidth engineering via multiplexing the spectral output from both facets, using only a single device.
Fundamental limit for gain and resolution in analog optical edge detection
Authors: Karimi Parisa , Khavasi Amin , Mousavi Khaleghi Seyed Saleh
Published: December 2019

In this paper, the relation between gain and resolution of an ideal analog optical differentiator in two different cases and their fundamental limits are investigated. Based on this relation, a figure of merit for comparison of the designed differentiators in recent papers is proposed. The differentiators are optimized using this figure of merit, and they are compared with each other to determine the best one. Also, a new differentiator is presented based on the dielectric slab waveguide in which the trade-off between its gain and resolution is easily controllable, and its best operating point is determined.
Miniature fiber-optic tip pressure sensor assembled by hydroxide catalysis bonding technology
Authors: Liu Yueying , Jing Zhenguo , Li Rui , Zhang Yang , Liu Qiang , Li Ang , Zhang Chao , Peng Wei
Published: December 2019

A miniature fiber-optic tip Fabry-Perot (FP) pressure sensor with excellent high-temperature survivability, assembled by hydroxide catalysis bonding (HCB) technology, is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. A standard single-mode fiber is fusion spliced to a fused silica hollow tube with an outer diameter (OD) of 125 µm, and a 1-µm-thick circular silicon diaphragm with a diameter slightly larger than the OD is bonded to the other endface of the hollow tube by HCB technology. The ultrathin silicon diaphragm is prepared on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer produced by microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), providing the capability of large-scale mass production. The HCB technology enables a polymer-free bonding between diaphragm and hollow tube on fiber tip with the obvious advantages of high alignment precision, normal pressure and temperature (NPT) operation, and reliable effectiveness. The static pressure and temperature response of the proposed sensor are discussed. Results show that the sensor has a measurable pressure range of 0∼100 kPa, which is well consistent with the measurement range of biological blood pressure. The pressure sensitivity is up to 2.13 nm/kPa with a resolution of 0.32% (0.32kPa). Besides, the sensor possesses a unique high-temperature resistant capability up to 600 °C, which can easily survive even in high-temperature sterilization processes, and it has a low temperature dependence of 0.09 kPa/°C due to the induced HCB bonding technology and the silicon-based diaphragm. Thus, the proposed fiber tip pressure sensor is desirable for invasive biomedical pressure diagnostics and pressure monitoring in related harsh environments.
Quantum key establishment via a multimode fiber
Authors: Amitonova Lyubov V. , Tentrup Tristan B. H. , Vellekoop Ivo M. , Pinkse Pepijn W. H.
Published: December 2019

Quantum communication aims to provide absolutely secure transmission of secret information. State-of-the-art methods encode symbols into single photons or coherent light with much less than one photon on average. For long-distance communication, typically a single-mode fiber is used and significant effort has been devoted already to increase the data carrying capacity of a single optical line. Here we propose and demonstrate a fundamentally new concept for remote key establishment. Our method allows high-dimensional alphabets using spatial degrees of freedom by transmitting information through a light-scrambling multimode fiber and exploiting the no-cloning theorem. Eavesdropper attacks can be detected without using randomly switched mutually unbiased bases. We prove the security against a common class of intercept-resend and beam-splitting attacks with single-photon Fock states and with weak coherent light. Since it is optical fiber based, our method allows to naturally extend secure communication to larger distances. We experimentally demonstrate this new type of key exchange method by encoding information into a few-photon light pulse decomposed over guided modes of an easily available multimode fiber.
Development of low-loss TiO2 waveguides
Authors: Hegeman I. , Dijkstra M. , Segerink F. B. , Lee W. , Garcia-Blanco S. M.
Published: December 2019

TiO2 channel waveguides were fabricated using a DC sputter deposition process, followed by photolithography and reactive ion etching. A SiO2 cladding was deposited using evaporation. SEM, TEM and Raman measurements indicate the presence of both an amorphous and a crystalline phase. As the layer thickness increases, poly-crystalline structures start forming. Loss measurements were performed by imaging the scattered light from the top of the channel waveguides and fitting an exponential decay to the intensity profile. Propagation losses of 7.8 ± 0.52 dB/cm at a wavelength of 632.8 nm and 0.68 ± 0.46 dB/cm at a wavelength of 1010 nm were experimentally characterized.
Polarimeter for measuring the properties of birefringent media in reflective mode
Authors: Sobczak Marcelina , Kurzynowski Piotr , Woźniak Władysław A. , Owczarek Monika , Drobczyński Sławomir
Published: December 2019

This work presents a description of a polarimetric system for measuring the properties of birefringent media. In our reflection system the applied Stokes polarimeter acts both as a generator of the light’s selected polarization states as well as a light analyzer leaving the examined medium. The method is based on six intensity distribution measurements realized in six different configurations of polarizers/analyzers: four linear and two circular ones. Thus, we have achieved parallel polariscope for linear polarizers and the crossed polariscope for circular polarizers. Such a setup can be easily applied for linearly birefringent media properties measurements including dichroic ones. This measurement setup and the measurement method were successfully tested in a homogeneous medium and a medium with variable phase difference.
Broadband mid-infrared optical parametric oscillator for dynamic high-temperature multi-species measurements in reacting systems
Authors: Loparo Zachary E. , Ninnemann Erik , Ru Qitian , Vodopyanov Konstantin L. , Vasu Subith S.
Published: December 2019

We demonstrate time-resolved simultaneous measurements of multiple hydrocarbons in high-temperature reacting and non-reacting mixtures using a broadband (instantaneous bandwidth 2.80–3.57 µm) subharmonic mid-infrared optical parametric oscillator based on orientation-patterned gallium phosphide. High-temperature absorption spectra and concentration time-histories of methane, ethane, and ethylene are measured at pressures around 2.3–2.7 atm and temperatures around 1235–1277 K in shock tube experiments.
Power scaling and thermal lensing in 825  nm emitting membrane external-cavity surface-emitting lasers
Authors: Phung Hoy-My , Kahle Hermann , Penttinen Jussi-Pekka , Rajala Patrik , Ranta Sanna , Guina Mircea
Published: December 2019

We present a membrane external-cavity surface-emitting laser (MECSEL) operating around 825 nm at room temperature. With a tuning range of 22 nm, the MECSEL fills the spectral gap between 810 nm and 830 nm, and extends the wavelength coverage of this category of high-beam-quality semiconductor lasers. For high-power operation, the pump spot size and cavity mode size can be enlarged in MECSELs. We apply this technique and demonstrate power scaling. The maximum output power is increased from 0.7 W to 1.4 W. Investigations on the beam quality reveal thermal lensing with a marginally changing

M
2

value close to the diffraction limit.
Sum-frequency generation in lithium-niobate-on-insulator microdisk via modal phase matching
Authors: Ye Xiaona , Liu Shijie , Chen Yuping , Zheng Yuanlin , Chen Xianfeng
Published: December 2019

Whispering-gallery-mode microresonators, one of the most important components of photonic integrated circuits, have the ability to dramatically boost light–matter interactions. In this Letter, we demonstrate effective sum-frequency generation via modal phase matching in a triply resonant lithium-niobate-on-insulator microdisk resonator through two individual continuous wave pumps working in the communication band. The sum-frequency conversion efficiency is measured to be

2.22

×

10

−
6

m
W

−
1

. This work shows a high-efficiency frequency convertor that may be applied in on-chip integrated optics in the future.
Study of gain efficiency in quasi-distributed amplification systems
Authors: Shtyrina O. V. , Kokhanovskiy A. Y. , Yarutkina I. A. , Skidin A. S. , Ivanenko A. V. , Efremov S. A. , Nyushkov B. N. , Smirnov S. V. , Fedoruk M. P.
Published: December 2019

We propose the mathematical model of quasi-distributed gain in fiber laser systems with cavity dumping. Particularly, we consider in detail the case of a small number of periodic cells in such lasers. The study of the signal gain in Yb-doped active fiber includes the experimental measurement of its characteristics and the theoretical approximations based on experimental results. Theoretical analysis of laser schemes with quasi-distributed gain considered here enables optimization of the output pulse characteristics for various numbers of active fiber cells.
Multiplexed confocal microscope with a refraction window scanner and a single-photon avalanche photodiode array detector
Authors: Hirmiz Nehad , Tsikouras Anthony , Osterlund Elizabeth J. , Richards Morgan , Andrews David W. , Fang Qiyin
Published: December 2019

Currently, the spinning disk confocal microscope is the most popular fast confocal imaging system. However, these instruments require a high pixel density camera detector, limiting their use in many applications. We have designed a multiplexed confocal scheme that performs raster scanning of a

32
×
32

foci array in which the output image is stationary after de-scanning. Our system can be coupled to a dense or sparse array detector, making it feasible to apply to rapid time-resolved photon counting, single-photon detection, and some super-resolution techniques.
Engineering colors in all-dielectric metasurfaces: metamodeling approach
Authors: González-Alcalde Alma K. , Salas-Montiel Rafael , Kalt Victor , Blaize Sylvain , Macías Demetrio
Published: December 2019

In this Letter, we engineer the colors of all-dielectric metasurfaces
by means of a metamodel-based optimization approach. This algorithm
combines heuristic optimization and neural networks to retrieve the
metasurface’s optimal geometrical parameters that serve to reproduce a
prescribed color. The metasurfaces were fabricated and experimentally
validated through dark field optical microscope images. We present
typical results for periodic arrays of nanoparticles with arbitrary
cross section. The approach is well-suited for color reproduction and
is computationally inexpensive.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION AND SIMULATION OF 3D-PRINTED LATTICE STRUCTURES
Authors: Heiml Eva , Kalteis Anna , Major Zoltan
Published: December 2019

Lattice structures are currently of high interest, especially for lightweight design. They generally have better structural performance per weight than parts made of bulk material. With conventional manufacturing techniques they are diﬃcult to produce, but with additive manufacturing (AM) fabricationisfeasible. To better understand their behaviour under various loading conditions two lattice structures in diﬀerent conﬁgurations were observed. For each structure three diﬀerent test specimens were designed and manufactured using selective laser sintering (SLS). To investigate the mechanical performance under large deformations the specimens were made of a thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU), which shows a hyperelastic material behaviour. Beside the experimental observations also ﬁnite element analyses (FEA) were conducted to investigate the deformation behaviour in more detail.
DEFORMATION RESPONSE OF POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE SUBSTRATES SUBJECTED TO UNIAXIAL QUASI-STATIC LOADING
Authors: Vinarský Vladimír , Martino Fabiana , Forte Giancarlo , Šleichrt Jan , Rada Václav , Kytýř Daniel
Published: December 2019

To investigate cellular response of cardiomyocytes to substrate mechanics, biocompatible material with stiﬀness in physiological range is needed. PDMS based material is used for construction of microﬂuidic organ on chip devices for cell culture due to ease of device preparation, bonding, and possibility of surface functionalization. However it has stiﬀness orders of magnitude out of physiological range. Therefore, we adapted recently available protocol aiming to prepare substrates which oﬀer stiﬀness in physiological range 5−100kPa using various mixtures of Sylgard. An in-house developed loading device with single micron position tracking accuracy and sub-micron position sensitivity was adapted for this experimental campaign. All batches of the samples were subjected to uniaxial loading. During quasi-static experiment the samples were compressed to minimally 40% deformation. The results are represented in the form of stress-strain curves calculated from the acquired force and displacement data and elastic moduli are estimated.
Fermentative profile and nutritional value of olive bagasse silage with feed additives
Authors: Kasper Neliton Flores , Hoch Gabriela Ceratti , Altermann Othon Dalla Colletta , Da Rosa Fabiane Quevedo , Tadielo Leonardo Ereno , Polo Luana Costa , Oaigen Ricardo Pedroso , Azevedo Eduardo Bohrer de , Castagnara Deise Dalazen
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study was to measure the chemical composition, microbiological profile, fermentative characteristics and the aerobic stability of the olive bagasse silages in natura and added with corn bran, soybean and rice bran in different times of sampling. The was completely randomized design in arrangement of plots subdivided in 4x3 time, with five replications. In the plots were allocated the main treatments, and in the subplots the sampling times were allocated. The fermentative characteristics was studied by determination of the dry matter (DM) content, pH and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), the microbiological by determining the populations of filamentous fungi, Clostridia, lactic acid bacteria and enterobacteria. In the nutrient profile study, the contents of mineral matter (MM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, nitrogen bound to acid detergent fiber (NIDA), nitrogen bound to neutral detergent fiber (NIDN), carbohydrate and total digestible nutrient (TDN). At the ensilage moment, it also has been determined in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and in vitro digestibility of organic matter (IVDOM). The use of corn and rice bran provided a better fermentative profile in the studied ensilage. The pH of the silages added corn and rice bran has presented in 4.00 and 4.06 after 112 storage days, consequently. The adding of soybean bran provided the greatest CP values and non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) after the fermentative period, been it 131.55 g kg-1 of DM for CP and 176.28 g kg-1 of DM for NFC. The treatments without bran adding and rice bran added have demonstrated IVDOM levels of 581.12 g ka-1 od DM and 604.51 g kg-1 of DM, consequently. The studied meals improve the nutritional profile of the studied silages and are potentially usable as additives in olive bagasse silages.
A willing existence: the care of the mother to the child/adolescent with cerebral palsy
Authors: Freitag Vera Lucia , Milbrath Viviane Marten , Federizzi Danieli Samara , Dalmolin Indiara Sartori , Tisott Zaira Letícia
Published: December 2019

To understand the care of the mother to the child/adolescent with cerebral palsy. A qualitative study with a hermeneutical phenomenological approach based on Heidegger and Ricoeur. It was developed with ten mothers of child/adolescent with cerebral palsy who attend an Association of Parents and Friends of Special of a city located in the north of the State of Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil. The information was collected through the phenomenological interview, from April to June 2015 and was interpreted with the hermeneutics of Ricoeur. The results showed that the mother of the child/adolescent with cerebral palsy reorganized her life in order to dedicate herself exclusively to the care of the child, offering her the maximum of existential possibilities. The being-in-the-world of these mothers is to be-with the child in a bond so intense that the mother in many moments is understood as part of the corporality of the son. Due to the range of complex care that the mother dedicates to the child/adolescent with cerebral palsy, it is necessary that the health professionals, especially the nurse, put themselves in the presence of the mother, and taking care of it as a way of being in care.
Soil microbiological properties and enzyme activity in agroforestry systems compared with monoculture, natural regeneration, and native Caatinga
Authors: Miguel Divino Levi , Silva Eliane Maria Ribeiro da , Silva Cristiane Figueira da , Pereira Marcos Gervasio , Leite Luiz Fernando Carvalho
Published: December 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of agroforestry systems of different ages (AFS1: one-year old; AFS5: five-years old) on the biological attributes of soil; the following systems were used for comparison: a slash-and-burn (SBF) farming area, Caatinga which has been undergoing regeneration for 6 years (CaR6), and native Caatinga (NCa) in Brazil. Enzyme activity, abundance and composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and production of glomalin-related soil proteins (GRSP) were evaluated at soil depths of 0–0.05 m. AMF species composition in the AFS was more similar to that in the NCa than in the SBF and CaR6 systems. In the rainy season, sporulation was most abundant in the AFS-1, CaR6, and SBF systems, whereas GRSP concentrations were highest in the AFS5 during the dry season. Acid phosphatase and arylsulfatase enzyme activity was lower in the AFS1 soils than in the NCa and SBF soils (rainy period), and levels of β-glucosidase and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis in the AFS were equal to or higher than those in the NCa in the dry season but lower in the rainy season. AFS thus appear to promote the maintenance of soil biological quality, and may be more sustainable than SBF farming systems in the Brazilian Caatinga over the long term.
Estimativas das Distâncias para Disposição de Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos no Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Alvarenga de Morais Laryssa , Fernandez Nascimento Victor , Antonio Guasselli Laurindo , Pierre Baulbaud Ometto Jean
Published: December 2019

Os resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU) representam uma das grandes preocupações ambientais, sociais e econômicas contemporâneas. No Brasil, 78,3 milhões de toneladas de RSU foram gerados no ano de 2016. Apenas no estado de São Paulo, neste mesmo ano, foram gerados cerca de 14,6 milhões de toneladas, cerca de 19% do que foi gerado no país. No gerenciamento dos RSU a coleta e o transporte são as etapas que mais impactam o orçamento financeiro, em média são gastos de 40 a 70% dos recursos nessas etapas. Além disso, o transporte dos RSU também impacta o meio ambiente através das emissões de gases de efeito estufa provenientes dos caminhões. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar e analisar espacialmente utilizando Sistemas de Informação Geográficas (SIG) as distâncias percorridas pelos caminhões de coleta de RSU desde os centros urbanos até os locais de disposição final dos RSU em escala regional para os municípios do estado de São Paulo. Os resultados demonstraram que para transportar os RSU dos municípios paulistas, durante o ano de 2016, foram percorridos aproximadamente 91 milhões de quilômetros. Este valor é suficiente para dar mais de 2.293 voltas no planeta Terra, e consequentemente contribui para os altos custos ambientais e econômicos desta etapa do gerenciamento dos RSU.
Protagonistas de una ciudadanía global que cambia el mundo
Authors: Sánchez Hernández Desiré , Cardona Álvarez Keli Tatiana , García Agudelo Juan Andrés , Osorto Núñez Leydis Carolina
Published: December 2019

La agenda global que busca construir un mundo más sostenible, pacífico e igualitario necesita del liderazgo de la juventud, que cada vez está más organizada y articulada en una ciudadanía comprometida con la transformación social. Desde movilizaciones internacionales por la igualdad a proyectos de aprendizaje-servicio y encuentros donde las y los jóvenes construyen ciudadanía global, la juventud está tomando el mundo en sus manos como agentes de cambio.
Istanbul: Living with Difference in a Global City - N. Fisher-Onar, S. C. Pearce, E. Fuat Keyman (dir.), 2018.
Authors: Erdi Gülçin
Published: December 2019

Recensé : Nora Fisher-Onar, Susan C. Pearce, E. Fuat Keyman (dir.) - Istanbul: Living with Difference in a Global City, Rutgers, Rutgers University Press, 2018, 212 p.
Priorização das atividades de projeto na construção civil através da abordagem multicritério
Authors: Santos Danielle Freitas , Aguiar Emerson Santos
Published: December 2019

O setor da construção civil, apesar da crise, ainda emerge como um segmento relevante para a economia brasileira. Por envolver um nível de complexidade considerável em termos de gestão, planejamento e execução, o setor necessita de alternativas que otimizem a gestão dos recursos, e nesse sentido a abordagem multicritério pode atuar como uma ferramenta eficiente na tomada de decisão na construção civil. A partir disso, o presente estudo objetiva determinar quais grupos de atividades de projeto de uma empresa da construção civil devem ser priorizadas no processo de tomada de decisão. Para tanto, foi utilizado o método multicritério Analytic Hierarchy Process – AHP. Em relação aos resultados obtidos, verificou-se que o critério custo admite relevância significativa na condução do planejamento e controle das ações relacionadas aos projetos, bem como o grupo de atividades “execução de obra” consiste no segmento de atividades mais importante no gerenciamento de projetos da empresa, pelo fato de envolver uma gama de atividades complexas e fundamentais a operacionalização de uma organização da construção civil.
A 4-Year Profile of Game Demands in Elite Women's Division I College Basketball
Authors: Ransdell Lynda B. , Murray Teena , Gao Yong , Jones Paul , Bycura Dierdra
Published: December 2019

Ransdell, LB, Murray, T, Gao, Y, Jones, P, and Bycura, D. A 4-year profile of game demands in elite women's Division I college basketball. J Strength Cond Res 34(3): 632–638, 2020—Workload for a Division I women's collegiate basketball team (0.817 win percentage) was examined by: (a) season, (b) player position, and (c) game outcome (wins vs. losses). Female athletes (n = 6, mean 19.7 ± 1.5 years, at beginning of study) wore Catapult S5 units during 91.8% of games over a 4-year period. Average PlayerLoad, PlayerLoad per minute (PL·min−1), high inertial movement analysis (high-IMA), and jumps were quantified using Catapult Openfield software (version 1.14.1+). Data were checked for normality and log- or square-root-transformed when they were non-normal. A series of linear mixed model analyses were conducted to detect differences in PlayerLoad, PL·min−1, high-IMA, and jumps by season, position, and game outcome. PL·min−1 and jumps data were not normal, so they were transformed, analyses were run; because there were no differences in findings, data are reported in original units to allow for comparisons with other studies. Cohen's d and confidence intervals were provided as additional information about the strength of reported differences. The 3 most consistent findings were that across a 4-year period, jumps increased, PL·min−1 was higher in guards compared with posts, and high-IMA was higher in losses compared with wins. Other workload patterns were inconsistent, and inappropriate for making conclusive statements. Therefore, comparing jumps across multiple seasons, PL·min−1 by player position and high-IMA in losses are important; in addition, all data can be used to profile National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I women's basketball players and set game workload expectations.
Pre-ovulatory intercellular regulation of miR-125a-3p within mouse ovarian follicles
Authors: Grossman Hadas , Har-Paz Efrat , Gindi Natalie , Miller Irit , Shalgi Ruth
Published: December 2019

miR-125a-3p, a post-transcription regulator of Fyn kinase, is expressed in mouse pre-ovulatory follicles; its expression within the follicle decreases toward ovulation. Our aim was to follow the synthesis of miR-125a-3p and regulation of its expression in all follicular compartments, focusing on intercellular communication. Mural granulosa cells (GCs) or cumulus cells (CCs) were transfected with either scrambled-miR (negative control) or miR-125a-3p mimic. Freshly isolated GCs or CCs were incubated overnight in culture media conditioned by transfected cells. To examine a possible role of gap junctions in the regulation of miR-125a-3p, we incubated large antral follicles in the presence of carbenoxolone, a gap-junction inhibitor, and triggered them to mature with hGC. Levels of miR-125a family members in GCs, CCs, oocytes, and culture media were measured by qPCR. We showed that miR-125a-3p is synthesized by all follicular components, but is regulated within the follicle as a whole. It is secreted by mural-GCs and taken up by CCs, where it remains functional, and vice versa, mural-GCs can take up miR-125a-3p secreted by CCs. miR-125a-3p is transcribed and accumulated in oocytes throughout oogenesis. Transcriptionally quiescent GV oocytes utilize their accompanying follicular cells to monitor the level of miR-125a-3p within them, as indicated in an ex vivo follicle culture. Our study reveals that miR-125a-3p expression is modulated by a network of intercellular communications within pre-ovulatory follicles, thus enabling a coordinated decrease of miR-125a-3p toward ovulation.
Spinor Moving Frame, Polarized Scattering Equation for 11D Supergravity, and Ambitwistor Superstring
Authors: Bandos I.
Published: December 2019

We reveal and discuss the spinor moving frame origin of the formalism of the 11D polarized scattering equation by Geyer and Mason [21]. In particular, we use the spinor moving frame formulation of the 11D ambitwistor superstring [35] considered as a dynamical system in the 11D superspace enlarged by tensorial central charge coordinates to rigorously obtain the expression for the spinor function on a Riemann sphere and the polarized scattering equation which that obeys.
Categories: Between Cubes and Globes. Sketch I
Authors: Bespalov Y.
Published: December 2019

For a finite partially ordered set I, we define an abstract polytope PI which is a cube or a globe in the cases of discrete or linear poset, respectively. For a poset P, we have built a small category ♦P with finite lower subsets in P as objects. This category ♦P = ♦P+♦P- is factorized into a product of two wide subcategories ♦P+ of faces and ♦P- of degenerations. One can imagine a degeneration from I to J ⊂ I as a projection of an abstract polytope PI to the subspace spanned by J. Morphisms in ♦P+ with fixed target I are identified with faces of PI . The composition in ♦P admits the natural geometric interpretation. On the category ♦I of presheaves on ♦I , we construct a monad of free category in two steps: for a terminal presheaf, the free category is obtained via a generalized nerve construction; in the general case, the cells of a nerve are colored by elements of the initial presheaf. Strict P-fold categories are defined as algebras over this monad. All constructions are functorial in P. The usual theory of globular and cubical higher categories can be translated in a natural way into our general context.
Asthma and the Risk of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Castro-Rodriguez Jose A. , Abarca Katia , Forno Erick
Published: December 2019

CONTEXT:

Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and pneumonia are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world, and asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the risk of IPD or pneumonia among children with asthma after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs).

DATA SOURCES:

Four electronic databases were searched.

STUDY SELECTION:

We selected all cohorts or case-control studies of IPD and pneumonia in populations who already received PCV (largely 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine), but not 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide, in which authors reported data for children with asthma and in which healthy controls were included, without language restriction.

DATA EXTRACTION:

Two reviewers independently reviewed all studies. Primary outcomes were occurrence of IPD and pneumonia. Secondary outcomes included mortality, hospital admissions, hospital length of stay, ICU admission, respiratory support, costs, and additional medication use.

RESULTS:

Five studies met inclusion criteria; of those, 3 retrospective cohorts (∼26 million person-years) and 1 case-control study (N = 3294 children) qualified for the meta-analysis. Children with asthma had 90% higher odds of IPD than healthy controls (odds ratio = 1.90; 95% confidence interval = 1.63–2.11; I2 = 1.7%). Pneumonia was also more frequent among children with asthma than among controls, and 1 study reported that pneumonia-associated costs increased by asthma severity.

LIMITATIONS:

None of the identified studies had information of asthma therapy or compliance.

CONCLUSIONS:

Despite PCV vaccination, children with asthma continue to have a higher risk of IPD than children without asthma. Further research is needed to assess the need for supplemental 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination in children with asthma, regardless of their use of oral steroids.