bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nursing Student Perceptions Regarding Simulation Experience Sequencing
Authors: Woda Aimee A. , Gruenke Theresa , Alt-Gehrman Penny , Hansen Jamie
Published: August 2016

Background:

The use of simulated learning experiences (SLEs) have increased within nursing curricula with positive learning outcomes for nursing students. The purpose of this study is to explore nursing students' perceptions of their clinical decision making (CDM) related to the block sequencing of different patient care experiences, SLEs versus hospital-based learning experiences (HLEs).

Method:

A qualitative descriptive design used open-ended survey questions to generate information about the block sequencing of SLEs and its impact on nursing students' perceived CDM.

Results:

Three themes emerged from the data: Preexperience Anxiety, Real-Time Decision Making, and Increased Patient Care Experiences.

Conclusion:

Nursing students identified that having SLEs prior to HLEs provided several benefits. Even when students preferred SLEs prior to HLEs, the sequence did not impact their CDM. This suggests that alternating block sequencing can be used without impacting the students' perceptions of their ability to make decisions. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2016;55(9):528–532.]
The e-Poster Conference: An Online Nursing Research Course Learning Activity
Authors: Pierce Linda L.
Published: August 2016

Background:

Posters have become one of the most important types of scientific communication. This article describes an e-poster conference as an online learning activity for professional nursing students.

Method:

Research and evidence-based practice (EBP) project posters from colleagues across the country were placed on a university research course Web site, along with an evaluation tool and discussion prompts. During one semester, students experienced a range of activities focused on understanding research and EBP basic processes in preparation for evaluation and discussion of the layout and content of these e-posters.

Results:

From all accounts, the conference was rated as positive, providing nursing students with opportunities to (a) view studies and projects from a wider nursing science audience, (b) foster the development of important evaluation and communication skills, and (c) be exposed to evidence that could be translated into their practice.

Conclusion:

Other schools and organizations may adopt this e-poster conference activity to stimulate professional nurses' critical thinking ability. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2016;55(9):533–535.]
Second Life
®
Virtual Learning in Public Health Nursing
Authors: Schaffer Marjorie A. , Tiffany Jone M. , Kantack Kelly , Anderson Linda J.W.
Published: August 2016

Background:

With limited available public health nursing clinical placements, nurse educators are challenged to create alternative learning experiences that engage students.

Method:

Nursing faculty developed three Second Life® virtual learning scenarios in family health, disaster preparedness, and home safety areas of interest as a supplement to clinical experiences for undergraduate senior nursing students in a public health nursing course. Student perceptions of their learning were evaluated by a survey and focus group.

Results:

Although students perceived learning public health nursing knowledge, they were less likely to agree that the experience was as effective for learning about public health nursing when compared with on-site clinical experiences.

Conclusion:

The use of Second Life is an effective learning platform for teaching undergraduate nursing students public health nursing when clinical experiences are difficult to obtain. Nursing faculty need to ensure technological challenges are addressed and that scenarios are realistic, and engage students through interactive collaboration. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2016;55(9):536–540.]
Multiple hereditary exostoses: A pseudoaneurysm masquerading as tumor
Authors: Trivedi Hari M , Link Thomas M , O'Donnell Richard J , Horvai Andrew E , Motamedi Daria
Published: August 2016

Multiple hereditary exostoses is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by numerous benign osteochondromas. Complications are rare and can include deformity, growth abnormality, fracture, adventitial bursa formation, local mass effect on a nerve, malignant degeneration, and vascular complications including stenosis, occlusion, arteriovenous fistula, and pseudoaneurysm. We present a case of multiple hereditary exostoses leading to a deep femoral artery pseudoaneurysm in the proximal medial thigh with subsequent rupture and hematoma, masquerading as tumor.
Developments in Efficient Antenna Designs Using EBG Structures
Authors: Jaglan Naveen , Gupta Samir Dev , Kanaujia Binod Kumar , Srivastava Shweta
Published: August 2016

Since 2002, when the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) released the bandwidth 3.1-10.6 GHz, there has been increasing interest in the use of UWB systems because of their low power consumption, low cost, precise positioning and promising candidate for short-range high-speed indoor data communications. Planar circular monopoles like designs are a good example for UWB applications due to their merits such as ease of fabrication, Acceptable radiation pattern, and large impedance bandwidth. However, some narrowband systems also operate in this frequency like WiMAX, WLAN and X-Band satellite downlink communication band etc. cause interference in UWB range. To overcome any interference with these systems it is desirable to design UWB antenna with band notches. However, most techniques of obtaining notches uses antenna design specific approaches therefore EBG structures can be used to obtain single and multi-notch antennas. The technique used for obtaining notches using EBG is antenna design independent and can be applied to most of the antennas without compromising antenna performance.
Adaptation of Winlink 2000 Emergency Amateur Radio Email Network to a VHF Packet Radio Infrastructure
Authors: Škorić Miroslav
Published: August 2016

This chapter presents software and hardware solutions for interconnecting an existing VHF amateur packet radio infrastructure with ‘Winlink 2000' radio email network. Having in mind that a number of households, schools, and offices are equipped with Internet connections, and that many radio amateurs at such locations are active on their VHF (or UHF) digital networks on a daily basis, the connectivity between the two systems will increase the chances for citizens who suffer after disasters such as earthquakes, heavy rains and floods, followed by malfunction in commercial communicating services – to remain electronically wired with the rest of world by email. The chapter provides a tutorial on constructing, installing, and testing a simple packet radio repeater station, additionally equipped with computer programs with ‘Winlink 2000' compatibility.
Automatic Target Recognition from Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar Images
Authors: Kondaveeti Hari Kishan , Vatsavayi Valli Kumari
Published: August 2016

In this chapter, Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar, a special type of active microwave synthetic aperture radar is introduced and its applications in military surveillance are presented. Then, the basic principles involved in data acquisition and image generation are explained. The issues and challenges involved in processing the ISAR images for autonomous target detection and identification are discussed later. The proposed classification method is explained and its accuracy is evaluated experimentally against the conventional classification method in the rest of the chapter.
Signal Transmission and Crosstalk Limited All-Optical Networks
Authors: Sharma Neeraj , Garg Roopali
Published: August 2016

Over the last few decades, optical fiber has become the transmission medium of choice because it provides efficient high data rate transmission at low Bit Error Rate. The optical fiber has a potential capacity of terabits-per-second. Modern commercial transport systems are capable of operating at 10 Gb/s with experimental system clocking 40 Gb/s and 100 Gb/s performance. The present transport networks cannot sustain such a high data rate of terabits-per-second. The fiber dispersion, fiber nonlinearities and electronic switching used in present transport networks, are the main limiting factors. A new generation of optical networks known as ‘All-Optical-Networks (AONs)' overcomes this limitation by switching data entirely optically using Optical Switches. However AONs are prone to phenomena known as ‘node crosstalk'. This chapter discusses the propagation of light in optical fibers, linear as well as nonlinear impairments and the effects of dispersion & fiber nonlinearities on the system performance of crosstalk limited AONs.
Mammogram Classification Using Support Vector Machine
Authors: Ben Youssef Youssef , Abdelmounim Elhassane , Belaguid Abdelaziz
Published: August 2016

Among the objectives of artificial intelligence techniques, we find computer-aided diagnosis systems that support preventive medical check-ups and perform detection, recognition, and classification patterns. Recently these techniques are emerged in different areas particularly in medical imaging. Medical image is an important source of information, and a golden tool for the diagnosis and assessment of a pathological analysis process. In this chapter Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system is proposed in detection and diagnosis of breast cancer, it is mainly composed of the following steps: preprocessing mammographic image, segmentation of suspect region on the mammographic image using Chan Vese model, extraction of global and local descriptors and then image classification into malignant and benign mammograms using Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. The analysis of mammographic images proposed system with a choice of the subset of local descriptors after tumor segmentation leads to a classification of malignant and benign mammograms. System proposed achieves 92% for accuracy.
An Accurate and Efficient Analytical Method to Extract the Parameters of the Single and Double Diode Photovoltaic Cells Models
Authors: Majdoul Radouane , Abdelmounim Elhassane , Aboulfatah Mohamed , Touati Abd Elwahed , Moutabir Ahmed
Published: August 2016

For Photovoltaic systems designers and manufacturers, it is very important to develop suitable models to closely emulate the characteristics of PV cells, predict their behavior and evaluate their efficiency. So the main contribution of this chapter is to propose an improved and accurate method for identifying and determining the equivalent circuit elements values of photovoltaic module using only exact analytical equations and four manufacture's data reference, i.e., the open-circuit voltage (VOC), the short-circuit current (ISC), the current and the voltage at the maximum power point (IM, VM). In order to extract the five-parameter Single or Double-Diode models of photovoltaic module, the authors try initially to determine analytically all parameters according to RS (the value of the series resistance). Thus, all these parameters are calculated once RS is determined. Rapid and iterative algorithm is then designed to solve a strongly nonlinear equation in order to extract the value of RS in a precise manner and without any mathematical simplification used usually by many other authors.
IgG Binding Characteristics of Rhesus Macaque FcγR
Authors: Chan Ying N. , Boesch Austin W. , Osei-Owusu Nana Y. , Emileh Ali , Crowley Andrew R. , Cocklin Sarah L. , Finstad Samantha L. , Linde Caitlyn H. , Howell Rebecca A. , Zentner Isaac , Cocklin Simon , Miles Adam R. , Eckman Joshua W. , Alter Galit , Schmitz Joern E. , Ackerman Margaret E.
Published: August 2016

Indian rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) are routinely used in preclinical studies to evaluate therapeutic Abs and candidate vaccines. The efficacy of these interventions in many cases is known to rely heavily on the ability of Abs to interact with a set of Ab FcγR expressed on innate immune cells. Yet, despite their presumed functional importance, M. mulatta Ab receptors are largely uncharacterized, posing a fundamental limit to ensuring accurate interpretation and translation of results from studies in this model. In this article, we describe the binding characteristics of the most prevalent allotypic variants of M. mulatta FcγR for binding to both human and M. mulatta IgG of varying subclasses. The resulting determination of the affinity, specificity, and glycan sensitivity of these receptors promises to be useful in designing and evaluating studies of candidate vaccines and therapeutic Abs in this key animal model and exposes significant evolutionary divergence between humans and macaques.
Class-Switch Recombination in the Absence of the IgH 3′ Regulatory Region
Authors: Kim Ahrom , Han Li , Santiago Gabriel E. , Verdun Ramiro E. , Yu Kefei
Published: August 2016

The ∼28-kb 3′ regulatory region (3′RR), which is located at the most distal 3′ region of the Ig H chain locus, has multiple regulatory functions that control IgH expression, class-switch recombination (CSR), and somatic hypermutation. In this article, we report that deletion of the entire 3′RR in a mouse B cell line that is capable of robust cytokine-dependent CSR to IgA results in reduced, but not abolished, CSR. These data suggest that 3′RR is not absolutely required for CSR and, thus, is not essential for targeting activation-induced cytidine deaminase to S regions, as was suggested. Moreover, replacing 3′RR with a DNA fragment including only its four DNase I hypersensitive sites (lacking the large spacer regions) restores CSR to a level equivalent to or even higher than in wild-type cells, suggesting that the four hypersensitive sites contain most of the CSR-promoting functions of 3′RR. Stimulated cells express abundant germline transcripts, with the presence or absence of 3′RR, providing evidence that 3′RR has a role in promoting CSR that is unique from enhancing S region transcription.
Lactic Acid Suppresses IL-33–Mediated Mast Cell Inflammatory Responses via Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α–Dependent miR-155 Suppression
Authors: Abebayehu Daniel , Spence Andrew J. , Qayum Amina Abdul , Taruselli Marcela T. , McLeod Jamie J. A. , Caslin Heather L. , Chumanevich Alena P. , Kolawole Elizabeth Motunrayo , Paranjape Anuya , Baker Bianca , Ndaw Victor S. , Barnstein Brian O. , Oskeritzian Carole A. , Sell Scott A. , Ryan John J.
Published: August 2016

Lactic acid (LA) is present in tumors, asthma, and wound healing, environments with elevated IL-33 and mast cell infiltration. Although IL-33 is a potent mast cell activator, how LA affects IL-33–mediated mast cell function is unknown. To investigate this, mouse bone marrow–derived mast cells were cultured with or without LA and activated with IL-33. LA reduced IL-33–mediated cytokine and chemokine production. Using inhibitors for monocarboxylate transporters (MCT) or replacing LA with sodium lactate revealed that LA effects are MCT-1– and pH-dependent. LA selectively altered IL-33 signaling, suppressing TGF-β–activated kinase-1, JNK, ERK, and NF-κB phosphorylation, but not p38 phosphorylation. LA effects in other contexts have been linked to hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, which was enhanced in bone marrow–derived mast cells treated with LA. Because HIF-1α has been shown to regulate the microRNA miR-155 in other systems, LA effects on miR-155-5p and miR-155-3p species were measured. In fact, LA selectively suppressed miR-155-5p in an HIF-1α–dependent manner. Moreover, overexpressing miR-155-5p, but not miR-155-3p, abolished LA effects on IL-33–induced cytokine production. These in vitro effects of reducing cytokines were consistent in vivo, because LA injected i.p. into C57BL/6 mice suppressed IL-33–induced plasma cytokine levels. Lastly, IL-33 effects on primary human mast cells were suppressed by LA in an MCT-dependent manner. Our data demonstrate that LA, present in inflammatory and malignant microenvironments, can alter mast cell behavior to suppress inflammation.
Seropositivity of Hepatitis B and C among Syrian Multitransfused Patients
Authors: Yazaji Widad , Habbal Wafa , Monem Fawza
Published: August 2016

Background and objectives: Blood transfusion is a lifesaving therapy for patients with hemoglobinopathies. However, the need of frequent transfusion carries the risk of transmitting hepatitis B and C infections which are intermediately prevalent in Syria. Despite screening blood donations with sensitive methods, the risk of transmission is still present when infectious blood is donated within the window period. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of HBV and HCV seropositivity, and its association with multiple transfusions among Syrian hemoglobinopathies patients.Materials and Methods: HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBs and anti-HCV were tested for 159 Syrian multitransfused patients by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA).Results: Thirty-nine of 159 (24.5%) multitransfused patients were HBsAg/anti-HBc or anti-HCV positive, 26 (16%) of which never visited the dentist, and they either tested postsurgically negative for HBsAg and anti-HCV or never underwent a surgical procedure. On the contrary of anti-HCV seropositivity, HBsAg/anti-HBc seropositivity was significantly associated with the number of blood transfusions, number of blood units and age (P < 0.001).Conclusion: About one-sixth of our patients most likely acquired HBV/HCV infection via blood transfusion. Administering HBV vaccine, ensuring the immune status, and monitoring hepatitis markers might considerably minimize the incidence of viral hepatitis among multitransfused patients.
Galen and his treatise on grief
Authors: Fitzgerald John T.
Published: August 2016

Throughout his career, Fika Janse van Rensburg has rightly insisted on the importance of the socio-historical context in interpreting early Christian literature. Although New Testament scholars have given careful attention to many aspects of this context, they have generally neglected writings by physicians. This neglect includes the numerous works of the philosopher-physician Galen (129-ca. 216 or 217 CE), who was one of the Roman Empire’s most prolific writers. As a corrective, this article focuses on Galen, with attention given to his life and to a recently discovered treatise on distress or grief (lype¯), known as De indolentia [Avoiding Distress or On Freedom from Distress]. Galen discusses grief from both a physiological and philosophical perspective, and his treatment of this emotion and common human experience provides an important context for the statements about lype¯ found in the New Testament and other early Christian documents.
Impact of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of small lymph nodes
Authors: Choudhary Narendra S. , Bansal Rinkesh Kumar , Puri Rajesh , Bodh Vijay , Patil Gaurav Kumar , Nasa Mukesh , Singh Rajiv Ranjan , Sarin Haimanti , Guleria Mridula , Sud Randhir
Published: August 2016

Background: There is very limited literature on results of fine needle aspiration (FNA) of small (defined as ≤1 cm at long and short axis) lymph nodes, particularly in the setting of pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO). Methods: The study was conducted from July 2014 to December 2015 at a tertiary care center. A total of 34 endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided FNAs in 33 patients were done for lymph nodes ≤1 cm at long and short axis and these were included in the analysis. Results: The study cohort comprised 33 patients; 23 males and 10 females, mean age of 58 ± 12 years. Indication of FNA was to look for malignancy (n = 15), PUO (n = 16), unexplained weight loss (n = 1), and presence of lymphadenopathy in prospective liver donor (n = 1). The FNA was taken from mediastinal nodes (n = 20, 14 subcarinal) and abdominal (n = 14, 8 at porta). The mean size of lymph nodes was 87 ± 11 mm at large axis and 68 ± 17 mm at short axis. A total of 3 (8.8%) FNAs were nondiagnostic (inadequate material). The cytopathologic diagnosis was malignancy in 8 (23.5%), granulomatous change in 8 (23.5%), and reactive lymphadenopathy in 15 (44.1%). Thus, EUS-guided FNA of these small nodes changed the management decisions in 44% of cases (one patient had tubercular lymphadenopathy at two sites). The 22-gauge EUS FNA needle was used in majority of patients (n = 26). There was no significant difference between pathologic (malignant and granulomatous) and reactive lymph nodes regarding size at long or short axis, ratio of long and short axis, hypoechogenicity, and sharply defined borders. Conclusion: EUS-guided FNA of small lymph nodes showed pathological enlargement in 44% of cases.
Tumour of the lowest probability
Authors: Adarsh C. K. , Kiran Ravi , Patil Mallikarjun
Published: August 2016

The diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumor, in general, seems to have increased in the recent years, most likely due to better diagnostic modalities. Ampulla represents an uncommon site for the occurrence of neuroendocrine tumor of gastrointestinal tract (0.05%).[1] A carcinoid tumor at the ampulla has varied presentations. Here, we report this rare case of neuroendocrine tumor at the ampulla in a young female presenting as abdominal pain and improving after pancreaticoduodenectomy.
Plummer-Vinson syndrome presenting as squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus
Authors: Lanke Gandhi , Koduru Pramoda , Bhutani Manoop S.
Published: August 2016

Plummer-Vinson syndrome (PVS) also known as Paterson-Brown-Kelly syndrome is a rare syndrome which comprises iron deficiency anemia, dysphagia, and esophageal webs. The pathogenesis of PVS is not clear. Iron deficiency anemia is essential for diagnosis of PVS. If left untreated, there is an increased risk of developing pharyngeal or esophageal cancer in about 10% of patients. There are no strict guidelines for endoscopic surveillance in patients with PVS. Iron replacement can improve dysphagia and potentially lead to regression of esophageal webs. In this case report, we present a patient who had long-standing dysphagia for years which progressed to squamous cell cancer of esophagus by the time she sought medical treatment.
Tubercular lymphadenopathy with duodenal fistula
Authors: Nasa Mukesh , Sharma Zubin , Saraf Neeraj , Puri Rajesh
Published: August 2016

Tuberculosis, both pulmonary and extrapulmonary, is one of the leading causes of significant morbidity and mortality in developing countries. A 29-year-old chronic alcoholic patient presented to gastroenterology outpatient department with complaints of decreased appetite, weight loss, and generalized weakness. On endoscopy, the second part of duodenum appeared edematous with some luminal compromise. There was also presence of an opening in the inferolateral wall of the second part of duodenum, through which milky white caseous material was coming out. Computed tomography demonstrated large conglomerate of paraduodenal, celiac, para-aortic, peripancreatic, and retrocaval nodes with central necrosis. Endoscopic ultrasound showed hypoechoic lymph nodes in paraduodenal, parapancreatic, and celiac axis. Fine needle aspiration cytology showed epithelioid granuloma with Langerhans giant cells suggestive of granulomatous lymphadenitis of tubercular etiology. Tubercular lymphadenopathy eroding into duodenum has been very rarely reported in literature. This case reports the rare possibility of extrinsic tubercular lymphadenopathy eroding into duodenum.
Swallowed toothbrush: Case series
Authors: Kiran S. , Gupta Deepak , Sadalage Abhishek , Gupte Amit , Jain Abhinav , Shukla Akash
Published: August 2016

Toothbrush swallowing is rare, and most cases are seen in young women with anorexia nervosa or bulimia or associated with mental retardation or schizophrenia. Prompt removal is recommended because no cases of spontaneous passage have been reported. There is no previously reported case series on swallowed toothbrush in mentally normal young men. Here, we report three cases of swallowed toothbrush found in the esophagus and stomach on endoscopy. In our case series, successful removal of the toothbrush was done without endotracheal intubation or over tube, without any complications. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case series of swallowed toothbrush managed successfully endoscopically.
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor masquerading as metastasis in a patient with esophageal cancer: Diagnosis by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration
Authors: Koduru Pramoda , Khurana Shruti , Gornals Joan B. , Varas Modesto , Roy-Chowdhuri Sinchita , Bhutani Manoop S.
Published: August 2016

The role of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and guided biopsies has been well established for the locoregional staging of esophageal cancers. However, their role in posttreatment surveillance is unclear. Here, we describe a case of a pancreatic mass diagnosed on the follow-up positron emission tomography scan, concerning for a metastatic lesion. EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) helped in establishing the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumor, which tends to have a similar sonographic appearance. Therefore, it is imperative to evaluate a suspicious mass seen on computed tomography/positron emission tomography scan. EUS and EUS-guided FNA can serve as useful modalities to confirm the diagnosis by cytopathology.
Patient Navigators: Agents of Creating Community-Nested Patient-Centered Medical Homes for Cancer Care
Authors: Simon Melissa A. , Samaras Athena T. , Nonzee Narissa J. , Hajjar Nadia , Frankovich Carmi , Bularzik Charito , Murphy Kara , Endress Richard , Tom Laura S. , Dong XinQi
Published: August 2016

Patient navigation is an internationally utilized, culturally grounded, and multifaceted strategy to optimize patients' interface with the health-care team and system. The DuPage County Patient Navigation Collaborative (DPNC) is a campus-community partnership designed to improve access to care among uninsured breast and cervical cancer patients in DuPage County, IL. Importantly, the DPNC connects community-based social service delivery with the patient-centered medical home to achieve a community-nested patient-centered medical home model for cancer care. While the patient navigator experience has been qualitatively documented, the literature pertaining to patient navigation has largely focused on efficacy outcomes and program cost effectiveness. Here, we uniquely highlight stories of women enrolled in the DPNC, told from the perspective of patient navigators, to shed light on the myriad barriers that DPNC patients faced and document the strategies DPNC patient navigators implemented.
Impact of the Asian monsoon on the extratropical lower stratosphere: trace gas observations during TACTS over Europe 2012
Authors: Müller Stefan , Hoor Peter , Bozem Heiko , Gute Ellen , Vogel Bärbel , Zahn Andreas , Bönisch Harald , Keber Timo , Krämer Martina , Rolf Christian , Riese Martin , Schlager Hans , Engel Andreas
Published: August 2016

Abstract. The transport of air masses originating from the Asian monsoon anticyclone into the extratropical upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (Ex-UTLS) above potential temperatures Θ =  380 K was identified during the HALO aircraft mission TACTS in August and September 2012. In situ measurements of CO, O3 and N2O during TACTS flight 2 on 30 August 2012 show the irreversible mixing of aged stratospheric air masses with younger (recently transported from the troposphere) ones within the Ex-UTLS. Backward trajectories calculated with the trajectory module of CLaMS indicate that these tropospherically affected air masses originate from the Asian monsoon anticyclone. These air masses are subsequently transported above potential temperatures Θ =  380 K from the monsoon circulation region into the Ex-UTLS, where they subsequently mix with stratospheric air masses. The overall trace gas distribution measured during TACTS shows that this transport pathway had affected the chemical composition of the Ex-UTLS during boreal summer and autumn 2012. This leads to an intensification of the tropospheric influence on the extratropical lower stratosphere with PV  >  8 pvu within 3 weeks during the TACTS mission. During the same time period a weakening of the tropospheric influence on the lowermost stratosphere (LMS) is determined. The study shows that the transport of air masses originating from the Asian summer monsoon region within the lower stratosphere affects the change in the chemical composition of the Ex-UTLS over Europe and thus contributes to the flushing of the LMS during summer 2012.
Can small pelagic fish landings be used as predictors of high-frequency
oceanographic fluctuations in the 1–2 El Niño region?
Authors: Ormaza-González Franklin Isaac , Mora-Cervetto Alejandra , Bermúdez-Martínez Raquel María , Hurtado-Domínguez Mario Armando , Peralta-Bravo Manuel Raúl , Jurado-Maldonado Viviana Mariuxi
Published: August 2016

Abstract. A group of small pelagic fish captured between 1981 and 2012 within El Niño area 1–2 by the Ecuadorian fleet was correlated with the oceanographic Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI), and the Oceanographic El Niño Index (ONI) referred to El Niño region 3–4. For the period 1981–2012, total landings correlated poorly with the indexes, but during 2000–2012 (cold PDO) they proved to have a 14–29 % association with both indexes; the negative slope of the curves suggested higher landing during cold events (La Niña) and also indicated a tendency to decrease at extreme values ( >  0.5 and  < −1.0). Round herring (Etrumeus teres) fourth-quarter (Q4) landings were related to the MEI in a nonlinear analysis by up to 80 %. During moderate or strong La Niña events landings noticeably increased. Bullet tuna (Auxis spp.) catches showed a negative gradient from cold to warm episodes with an R2 of 0.149. For Chilean jack mackerel (Trachurus murphyi) irregular landings between 2003 and 2007 were observed and were poorly correlated (R2 < 0.1) with ONI or MEI. Anchovy (Engraulis ringens) captured in Ecuadorian waters since 2000 had an R2 of 0.302 and 0.156 for MEI and ONI, respectively, but showed a higher correlation with the cold Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). South American pilchard (Sardinops sagax) was higher than −0.5 for the ONI and MEI, and landings dramatically decreased; however, Q4 landings correlated with ONI and MEI, with R2 of 0.109 and 0.225, respectively (n = 3). Linear correlation of Q4 indexes against the following year's Q1 landings had a linkage of up to 22 %; this species could therefore be considered a predictor of El Niño. Chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) landings did not have a significant linear correlation with the indexes for 1981–2012 and therefore could not be considered a valid predictor. Chuhueco (Cetengraulis mysticetus) is a local species with high landings during El Niño years and, conversely, remarkably low landings during La Niña years. Additionally, chuhueco availability and landings were negatively affected by cold PDOs. Pacific thread herring (Opisthonema spp.) showed a 24 and 36 % relationship between landings (Q1) and the MEI and ONI (Q4). Therefore, results suggest that the South American pilchard and Pacific thread herring could be considered good species to use as predictors of El Niño in region 1–2 (Ecuador), especially when average Q4 MEI ∕ ONI is used against the next trimester Q1 landing. All species were prone to lower landings and/or fishing availability during strong–extreme events (ONI/MEI,  >  1.0 and  <  −1.0), and were also shown to be affected by the PDO. In the long term, landings decreased under warm PDO and vice versa, and therefore PDO fluctuations could be used to help manage these fisheries and to help the industry in long-term planning.
Implementation of aerosol-cloud interactions in the regional
atmosphere-aerosol model COSMO-MUSCAT and evaluation using
satellite data
Authors: Sudhakar Dipu , Quaas Johannes , Wolke Ralf , Stoll Jens , Mühlbauer Andreas , Salzmann Marc , Heinold Bernd , Tegen Ina
Published: August 2016

Abstract. The regional atmospheric model Consortium for Small Scale Modeling (COSMO) coupled to the MultiScale Chemistry Aerosol Transport model (MUSCAT), is extended in this work to represent aerosol-cloud interactions. Previously, only one-way interactions (scavenging of aerosol and in-cloud chemistry) and aerosol-radiation interactions were included in this model. The new version allows for a microphysical aerosol effect on clouds. For this, we use the optional two-moment cloud microphysical scheme in COSMO and the online-computed aerosol information for cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations, replacing the constant CCN concentration profile. In the radiation scheme, we implement a droplet-size-dependent cloud optical depth, allowing now for aerosol-cloud-radiation interactions. In order to evaluate the model with satellite data, the Cloud Feedback Model Inter-comparison Project Observational Simulator Package (COSP) has been implemented. A case study has been carried out to understand the effects of the modifications, in which the modified modeling system was applied over the European domain with a horizontal resolution of 0.25° × 0.25°. It is found that the online coupled aerosol introduces significant changes for some cloud microphysical properties. The cloud effective radius shows an increase of 2 to 10 μm, and the cloud droplet number concentration is reduced by 10 to 50 cm−3. For both quantities, the new model version shows a better agreement with the satellite data. The microphysics modifications have a smaller effect on other parameters such as optical depth, cloud water content, and cloud fraction.
Land-surface parameter optimisation using data assimilation techniques: the adJULES system V1.0
Authors: Raoult Nina M. , Jupp Tim E. , Cox Peter M. , Luke Catherine M.
Published: August 2016

Abstract. Land-surface models (LSMs) are crucial components of the Earth system models (ESMs) that are used to make coupled climate–carbon cycle projections for the 21st century. The Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) is the land-surface model used in the climate and weather forecast models of the UK Met Office. JULES is also extensively used offline as a land-surface impacts tool, forced with climatologies into the future. In this study, JULES is automatically differentiated with respect to JULES parameters using commercial software from FastOpt, resulting in an analytical gradient, or adjoint, of the model. Using this adjoint, the adJULES parameter estimation system has been developed to search for locally optimum parameters by calibrating against observations. This paper describes adJULES in a data assimilation framework and demonstrates its ability to improve the model–data fit using eddy-covariance measurements of gross primary production (GPP) and latent heat (LE) fluxes. adJULES also has the ability to calibrate over multiple sites simultaneously. This feature is used to define new optimised parameter values for the five plant functional types (PFTs) in JULES. The optimised PFT-specific parameters improve the performance of JULES at over 85 % of the sites used in the study, at both the calibration and evaluation stages. The new improved parameters for JULES are presented along with the associated uncertainties for each parameter.
Event-scale power law recession analysis: Quantifying methodological uncertainty
Authors: Dralle David N. , Karst Nathaniel J. , Charalampous Kyriakos , Thompson Sally E.
Published: August 2016

Abstract. The study of single streamflow recession events is receiving increasing attention following the presentation of novel theoretical explanations for the emergence of power-law forms of the recession relationship, and drivers of its variability. Individually characterizing streamflow recessions often involves describing the similarities and differences between model parameters fitted to each recession time series. Significant methodological sensitivity has been identified in the fitting and parameterization of models that describe populations of many recessions, but the dependence of estimated model parameters on methodological choices has not been evaluated for event-by-event forms of analysis. Here, we use daily streamflow data from 16 catchments in northern California and southern Oregon to investigate how combinations of commonly used streamflow recession definitions and fitting techniques impact parameter estimates of a widely-used power-law recession model. We show that: (i) methodological decisions, including ones that have received little attention in the literature, can impact parameter value estimates and model goodness-of-fit; (ii) the central tendencies of event-scale recession parameter probability distributions are largely robust to methodological choices, in the sense that differing methods rank catchments similarly according to the medians of these distributions; (iii) recession parameter distributions are method-dependent, but roughly catchment-independent, such that changing the choices made about a particular method affects a given parameter in similar ways across most catchments; and (iv) the observed correlative relationship between the power law recession scale parameter and catchment antecedent wetness varies depending on recession definition and fitting choices.
PREFACE
Authors: Zlatanova S. , Laurini R. , Baucic M. , Rumor M. , Ellul C. , Coors V.
Published: August 2016

No abstract available.
REAL TIME LOCALIZATION OF ASSETS IN HOSPITALS USING QUUPPA INDOOR POSITIONING TECHNOLOGY
Authors: van der Ham M. F. S. , Zlatanova S. , Verbree E. , Voûte R.
Published: August 2016

At the most fundamental level, smart buildings deliver useful building services that make occupants productive. Smart asset management in hostipals starts with knowing the whereabouts of medical equipment. This paper investigates the subject of indoor localization of medical equipment in hospitals by defining functional spaces. In order to localize the assets indoors, a localization method is developed that takes into account several factors such as geometrical influences, characteristics of the Quuppa positioning system and obstructions in the indoor environment. For matching the position data to a real world location, several location types are developed by subdividing the floor plan into location clusters. The research has shown that a high-performance level can be achieved for locations that are within the high-resolution range of the receiver. The performance at the smallest subspaces can only be achieved when having a dense distribution of receivers. Test cases that were defined for specific situations in the test-area show successful localization in these subspaces for the majority of the test data.
GROWTH SCENARIOS FOR THE CITY OF GUANGZHOU, CHINA: TRANSFERABILITY AND CONFIRMABILITY
Authors: Lehner A. , Kraus V. , Wei C. , Steinnocher K.
Published: August 2016

This work deals with the development of urban growth scenarios and the prevision of the spatial distribution of built-up area and population for the urban area of the city of Guangzhou in China. Using freely-available data, including remotely sensed data as well as census data from the ground, expenditure of time and costs shall remain low. Guangzhou, one of the biggest cities within the Pearl River Delta, has faced an enormous economic and urban growth during the last three decades. Due to its economical and spatial characteristics it is a promising candidate for urban growth scenarios. The monitoring and prediction of urban growth comprises data of population and give them a spatial representation. The model, originally applied for the Indian city Ahmedabad, is used for urban growth scenarios. Therefore, transferability and confirmability of the model are evaluated. Challenges that may occur by transferring a model for urban growth from one region to another are discussed. With proposing the use of urban remote sensing and freely available data, urban planners shall be fitted with a comprehensible and simple tool to be able to contribute to the future challenge Smart Growth.
HETEROGENEOUS SENSOR DATA EXPLORATION AND SUSTAINABLE DECLARATIVE MONITORING ARCHITECTURE: APPLICATION TO SMART BUILDING
Authors: Servigne S. , Gripay Yann , Pinarer Ozgun , Samuel John , Ozgovde Atay , Jay Jacques
Published: August 2016

Concerning energy consumption and monitoring architectures, our goal is to develop a sustainable declarative monitoring architecture for lower energy consumption taking into account the monitoring system itself. Our second is to develop theoretical and practical tools to model, explore and exploit heterogeneous data from various sources in order to understand a phenomenon like energy consumption of smart building vs inhabitants' social behaviours. We focus on a generic model for data acquisition campaigns based on the concept of generic sensor. The concept of generic sensor is centered on acquired data and on their inherent multi-dimensional structure, to support complex domain-specific or field-oriented analysis processes. We consider that a methodological breakthrough may pave the way to deep understanding of voluminous and heterogeneous scientific data sets. Our use case concerns energy efficiency of buildings to understand relationship between physical phenomena and user behaviors. The aim of this paper is to give a presentation of our methodology and results concerning architecture and user-centric tools.
BIOPOLÍTICA, MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS E RECURSOS GENÉTICOS: O CASO DO PAA SEMENTES
Authors: Hoffmann Pfrimer Matheus , Leopoldo de Freitas Coca Estevan , César Barbosa Júnior Ricardo
Published: August 2016

Os recursos genéticos são elementos estratégicos no controle e na organização da cadeia produtiva da agricultura capitalista. No Brasil, esse processo não ocorre desprovido de conflitos, já que movimentos sociais do campo resistem à manipulação dos recursos genéticos por meio de ações contestatórias e propositivas. Procurando analisar uma recente política pública brasileira, o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos - “PAA Sementes”, este estudo parte da operacionalização do conceito de fungibilidade do poder, o qual consideraque este se expandiu à todas as dimensões da vida. A biopolítica, em um contexto da vida pluripotente, passa a ser exercida em nível intracelular por meio da biotecnologia. Nessa perspectiva, o poder deixa de ser exclusivamente de natureza territorial, passando a ser exercido pela manipulação da temporalidadeda vida com o intuito de controlar o território. Por meio deste sistema de conceitos buscamos verificar se o “PAA Sementes” pode ser considerado uma forma de reequacionamento de forças em um contencioso biopolítico pelo controle da manipulação dos recursos genéticos, mais precisamente das sementes. A partir das instâncias em litígio entre o agronegócio e a agricultura camponesa, verifica-se ao longo do movimento analítico estabelecido que o “PAA Sementes” se apresenta como um mecanismo de reequilíbrio entre essesdois projetos biopolíticos diversos.Palavras-chave: PAA Sementes, biopolítica, recursos genéticos, movimentos sociais do campo.
AVALIAÇÃO DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS NA ILHA DA INHACA (OCEANO ÍNDICO, MOÇAMBIQUE): PRIMEIRA APROXIMAÇÃO
Authors: J. J. F. Pereira Inocêncio , Rodrigues do Nascimento Flávio
Published: August 2016

Este artigo avalia o estado de degradação ou conservação da terra na Ilha da Inhaca, a partir de uma proposta teórica de degradação da terra e com apoio em geotecnologias. A degradação da terra é concebida como processo de mudanças ordenadas na estrutura e funções da paisagem. Uma parcela de terra é entãosusceptível à desertificação quando aspectos do suporte geoambiental, particularmente as condições hidrogeológicas são afetadas por fenômenos de degradação (como por exemplo, a diminuição do nível dos lençóis freáticos, seja por conta de variação climática, seja por exploração excessiva dos recursos hídricossubterrâneos). A Ilha da Inhaca não é susceptível à desertificação, porém, a degradação da vegetação e do solo é localmente preocupante.Palavras-chave: Ilha da Inhaca, degradação da terra, susceptibilidade à desertificação.
Asterolibertia moquileae comb. nov. on Licania tomentosa from Brazil
Authors: Bezerra Jose Luiz , Araújo Sílvia Patrícia Barbosa , Firmino André L. , Pereira Jadergudson
Published: August 2016

Two asterinaceous fungi, Cirsosia moquileae and Wardina moquileae, described on Licania tomentosa from Brazil, were determined to be conspecific by examination of their type specimens. A new combination, Asterolibertia moquileae, is proposed based on Cirsosia
moquileae, with Wardina moquileae as a heterotypic synonym.
Gymnosporangium huanglongense sp. nov. from western China
Authors: Cao Bin , Tian Cheng-ming , Liang Ying-mei
Published: August 2016

A novel rust species, Gymnosporangium huanglongense, was detected on Juniperus przewalskii in China. This species was characterized by the basal cell of its two-celled teliospores possessing two pores near the septum, and the distal cell possessing either two pores near
the septum or occasionally an apical pore and one pore near the septum. It was also separated from other Gymnosporangium species based on analyses of internal transcribed spacer region and LSU rDNA partial gene sequences.
Xylohyphopsis aquatica sp. nov., a new aquatic hyphomycete from China
Authors: Huang Jun-En , Song Hai-Yan , Ma Jian , Guan Guan-Xiu , Hu Dian-Ming
Published: August 2016

A new aquatic hyphomycete, Xylohyphopsis aquatica, is described and illustrated from specimens collected on submerged wood in Jiangxi Province, China. Xylohyphopsis aquatica is morphologically characterized by its 0–1-septate, thin-walled, smooth, pale brown conidia
in simple or branched chains, usually with a germ tube or short germination hypha at the distal end. A key to Xylohyphopsis species is provided.
Dinemasporium japonicum on Polytrichum commune from Korea
Authors: Park Ji-Hyun , Hong Seung-Beom , Choi Young-Joon , Shin Hyeon-Dong
Published: August 2016

Dinemasporium japonicum was found growing on the decaying stems of Polytrichum commune (Bryophyta). The identification of D. japonicum was based on its morphological characteristics and the sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal
DNA. This represents the first record of D. japonicum on a non-tracheophyte substrate, and the first record of its occurrence in Korea.
Stachybotryna longispiralis sp. nov. from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: Costa Phelipe M.O. , Barbosa Marcela A. , Araújo Marina A.G. , Malosso Elaine , Castañeda-Ruiz Rafael F.
Published: August 2016

Stachybotryna longispiralis, collected on decaying leaves of an unidentified plant, is described and illustrated as a new species characterized by long spirally twisted hyaline setae and monophialidic discrete conidiogenous cells that produce subcylindrical unicellular hyaline
conidia. A key to Stachybotryna species is provided.