bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimisation of Water Volume Consumption in Commercial Aircraft
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Bin Samsudin Muhammad Naqiuddin , M.F. Abdul Ghafir ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: October 2024

This research paper focuses on optimising water volumes consumed in commercial aircraft water tanks during flying to reduce fuel consumption and promote sustainability. The study employs a methodology that includes real data collection, statistical analysis, and optimisation using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The data obtained from Boeing 787-9 and 787-10 fleets used in this study spans from December 2022 to March 2023. The findings and analyses are based on various parameters such as water usage, flight duration, and passenger count. Statistical comparisons between the water usage optimised by RSM and the present estimation model developed by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) and Boeing methods are conducted, highlighting the superior performance of RSM in terms of lower percentage errors and better optimisation. The frequency distributions of percentage errors provide further support for the effectiveness of RSM. This research significantly contributes to our understanding of optimising aircraft water usage for improved fuel efficiency and sustainability. The findings have important implications for the aviation industry and environmental preservation. By reducing fuel consumption through optimised water volumes, airlines can enhance operational efficiency while minimising environmental impact.
The Fabrication and Testing of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Wing Structure Using 3D Printing and Carbon Fibre Skinning Method
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, M. Kamarulnizam M. Ariff Nazrin , Yaakub Mohd Fauzi ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: October 2024

This study examines the efficacy of integrating 3D printing with carbon fibre skinning to construct wing structures for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). The primary objective is to enhance the structural integrity and material characteristics. The study performs static load tests, which demonstrate that wings reinforced with carbon fibre lamination can endure a substantially greater maximum stress of 29.43 N, in contrast to 14.391 N for wings produced only by 3D printing. The carbon fibre laminated wings have a greater load-bearing capability, as evidenced by the safety factor study. This analysis reveals that the permitted loads for carbon fibre laminated wings (19.61 N) are higher compared to 3D printed wings (9.594 N). The tensile testing of the specimens reveals that carbon fibre laminated wings demonstrate enhanced ductility, stiffness, and yield strength. Additionally, they withstand greater levels of maximum stress and strain, except for a slightly higher stiffness seen in 3D printed wings. This research highlights that carbon fibre laminated wings are typically more durable and versatile for many uses, although 3D printed wings may be favoured in situations when greater rigidity is necessary. In conclusion, the study effectively showcases the advantages of combining 3D printing with carbon fibre skinning in the construction of UAV wings. This research significantly contributes to the progress of UAV design and provides fresh insights in the fields of aeronautical engineering and materials science. It is particularly valuable for applications that require UAVs with exceptional performance, durability, and reliability.
The Effect of Moveable Fins on Trajectory and Aerodynamic Characteristics of Model Rockets
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Jampi Nicholas Bawing , Zulkafli Mohd Fadhli ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: October 2024

The application of the fins on the rocket are necessaryto achieveoptimal flight performance. However, the appearanceof gust wind can affectthe stability of the rocket during flight. To minimize instability, the fins are designed to be adjustable by changing the fin cant angles.This study aims to investigate the effect of different cant angles on rocket’s trajectory and aerodynamic characteristicsthrough computer simulation.The Open Rocket software is used to conduct the simulations. The range of cant angle in this study is from0°to 15°and the Clipped Delta fin design is chosen for this study. The launch condition is all the same for all the model rocketsand the launch site’slatitude and longitude wasbased on Parit Raja location. The trajectory characteristics were evaluated through simulations of altitude versus position east of launch, altitude versus position north of launch, and altitude versus lateral distance. Meanwhile, the aerodynamic characteristics were evaluated through simulations of stability margin and drag force over time. This study found thatthe maximum altitude for each model rocket is decreasing as the cant angle increases. Different fin’scant angles slightly alter the trajectory characteristic of model rockets,but they do not significantly impact the overall stability and drag characteristics during critical phases of flight. Higher cant angles resulted in shorter horizontal and lateral distances from the launch site to the apogee, suggesting a more vertical trajectory.
BLEISURE AND INFORMAL BUSINESS TOURISM IN HARARE, ZIMBABWE
Authors:   School of Tourism & Hospitality, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa, MAKONI Logistic , ROGERSON Christian M. ,   School of Tourism & Hospitality, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
Published: October 2024

Extant research on the concept of bleisure is mainly in the context of the Global North or relates to travellers from the Global North. This investigation is the first in the environment of the Global South to examine the bleisure activities among informal business tourists. Using a survey of 700 informal business tourists in Harare, Zimbabwe, the results show that the accommodation choices and the bleisure activities undertaken by these informal business tourists in Zimbabwe’s capital city are markedly different to those reported in studies of business travellers from the Global North. Bleisure activities identified as significant are visits to friends/relatives, participation in religious activities, personal shopping and the enjoyment of sports, musical events and Harare’s night-time economy.
Expression of Culture Diversity Through Creation of Zapin Nusantara Berlenggang Dance
Authors: Robby Robby Hidajat , Iziq Iziq Eafifi Ismail , Afaf Muhammad 'Afaf Hasyimy , Surasak Surasak Jamnongsarn
Published: October 2024

This article elaborates on Nusantara diversity as a phenomenon that underlies the creation of the Zapin Nusantara Berlenggang dance. In many regions, the characteristic of Zapin dance has grown through evolution that involves the unity of various ethnicities, mainly ethnics living in the coastal area. Such unity is a strong pillar that supports the Republic of Indonesia. Although the political situation is fluctuating, there is still an effort to empower local potentials to maintain diversity in Indonesia. The exploration of the Nusantara theme in the creation of the Zapin dance is powerfully relevant to the objective of this research, which is to strengthen the unity of Indonesia through its pluralistic nature. The creation of Zapin dance with the Nusantara theme will be understood through the approach of creation process experience, which, thus, is the type of this research that is explorative qualitative descriptive. In other words, this research is developmental research that emphasizes exploring the creation process. The research data are collected through three procedures respectively: interviews with Zapin dance patrons in Palembang, Pekanbaru Riau, Gresik, and Malang; dance technique exploration conducted in Malang and Gresik; and a dance trial held at the Indonesia Art Institute of Denpasar. The focus of this research is on managing the technical and aesthetical experiences of the dancers to internalize the Nusantara theme into their minds. The research question, therefore, comprises (1) What is the function of Zapin Nusantara Berlenggang dance? Moreover, (2) How is the creation process of Zapin Nusantara Berlenggang dance?
New treasures in Cordycipitaceae: Fungicolous fungi associated with Pseudocercospora fijiensis and P. musae in Brazil, including Matutinistella gen. nov.
Authors: Custódio F.A. , Pereira O.L.
Published: October 2024

Cordycipitaceae is a large family belonging to the order Hypocreales, including cosmopolitan species found on different substrates. This family includes species with different lifestyles such as entomopathogenic, endophytic, and mycoparasitic fungi. Some mycoparasitic species in this family attack phytopathogenic fungi. We identified species of Cordycipitaceae found during a survey of fungicolous fungi associated with Pseudocercospora fijiensis and P. musae in Brazil. Based on morphological characters combined with phylogenetic analysis of ITS, LSU, SSU, RPB1, RPB2, and TEF1-α, we propose a new genus in Cordycipitaceae, namely Matutinistella, with its type species M. brasiliensis, and a new species of the genus Simplicillium, namely S. pseudocercosporicola. Furthermore, we report P. fijiensis as a new host of the mycoparasitic fungus Simplicillium lanosoniveum. In this study we newly report fungicolous fungi of Cordycipitaceae associated with the causal agents of Black Sigatoka and Yellow Sigatoka on banana crops. We provide relevant information for future work involving control measures for these diseases that cause major losses in banana crops.
Practical skills in creating and conditions of a modern endoscopy department
Authors: Gnevashev S. A.
Published: October 2024

Accumulated many years of experience in creating workrooms and functional endoscopy departments. Due to the fact that in our practice there are a lot of different regulatory documents in the field of construction: SNiP, codes of practice, practical design guidelines, as well as medical standards: SanPiN, sanitary rules, guidelines, various recommendations and orders of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, there is a huge resonance on the requirements of these documents for the creation of working conditions for flexible endoscopy of a certain profile in a medical organization. There are no standards for the development of models of a specific profile of endoscopy departments due to its widespread use in various medical practices. The development of a project for a new medical organization does not in any way concern sanitary standards, while newly built modern medical organizations are checked precisely according to sanitary standards and do not in any way concern building codes. Such an imbalance leads us to the harmonization of multi-profile documents, averaging of area requirements, engineering solutions, conditions for linking the operating requirements from the manufacturer of high-tech equipment. The creation of working groups and the development of individual planning solutions allows us to take into account all the nuances for proper operation, work out the equipment according to technical and dimensional characteristics and clearly formulate the requirements for the preparation of endoscopy workrooms.
Traumatic Diaphragmatic Hernia in Cats and Factors Affecting Survival (A Clinical Study with 24 Cats)
Authors: Ersöz Kanay Berna , Yayla Sadık , Altan Semih , Çatalkaya Emine , Saylak Nahit , Canli Rojda , Taşdemir Laleş
Published: October 2024

Diaphragm hernia is still a severe problem in cats exposed to trauma. This study aimed to contribute to clinical practice and colleagues by notifying clinical observations on traumatic diaphragm rupture in cats and factors effective on survival. In this study, 24 cats with traumatic diaphragm hernia were presented. Contrast radiography has provided great convenience in diagnosing suspicious cases. 20 out of 24 cats (83%) remained alive, but four died. The localization of the diaphragm of these cats in 3 cats was in the left half, which was relatively high (50%) in the left tears. In the defects on the right, the herniated organs were the liver, small intestine, and omentum, while the stomach, small intestine, and spleen in the defects on the left. As a result, survival in 83% is important, and this is a good prognosis for aperture hernia. Despite many negative stress factors, good operation management and postoperative maintenance can increase survival.
Investigating the effect of stiffness of steel bending frame joints on progressive failure potential using nonlinear dynamic analysis and alternative path method
Authors: Hatami Dezdarani Vahid , Pour Mohammadi Mohammad Hossein
Published: October 2024

Researchers have always sought to predict events that could significantly impact the performance and resilience of structures throughout their service life. Progressive collapse is one such event. Essentially, progressive collapse starts as a small local failure in the structure, which can lead to partial or even complete structural collapse. In other words, progressive collapse occurs when the structure is unable to achieve a new equilibrium after the removal of a key element. In recent years, due to incidents related to progressive collapse, most design codes have emphasized the need to control this phenomenon. One of the structural systems that has demonstrated good resistance to progressive collapse is the steel moment-resisting frame. Previous studies and research have shown that this system possesses high resistance and ductility against progressive collapse. In this thesis, the effect of connection rigidity on the progressive collapse potential of steel moment-resisting frames with different numbers of stories and span widths was investigated using the alternate path method and nonlinear dynamic analysis under scenarios of removing exterior and interior columns. To this end, 4, 8, and 12-story steel moment-resisting frames with four spans of 3, 4, and 5 meters width, with varying connection rigidities ranging from 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100%, making a total of 126 models, were analyzed for progressive collapse potential using the Sap2000 software. The outputs examined in the models included the displacement of the node above the removed column, the axial force in the column adjacent to the removed column, the number and performance level of plastic hinges formed, the Demand-to-Capacity Ratio (DCR), and the plastic rotation of the critical beams and columns. The results of the analyses indicated that, overall, frames with higher connection rigidity demonstrated greater resistance to progressive collapse, while frames with lower rigidity exhibited more ductility and energy absorption. Furthermore, with an increase in the number of stories and a decrease in the span width, the progressive collapse potential in frames decreased in scenarios involving the removal of both interior and exterior columns at the ground floor level.
Suggestions effects in psychedelics: Confounds and opportunities
Authors: Stein Madeline Victore , Terhune Devin B.
Published: October 2024

The resurgence of interest in psychedelics has led to their widespread, and often uncritical, promotion within both popular media and scientific communities. This heightened enthusiasm complicates assessments of the neurocognitive effects of psychedelics as well as their efficacy as adjuncts to psychotherapy. A key challenge for this nascent field involves understanding how suggestion effects can both act as a confound in experimental research on psychedelics but also improve outcomes in therapeutic interventions. By critically examining how these effects operate within psychedelic experiences, we aim to draw greater attention to the role of suggestion effects as both a source of bias but also as a tool that can be leveraged to maximize therapeutic benefits. We argue for more careful consideration of the role of suggestion effects in response to psychedelics.
Emotional content interacts with word frequency during parafoveal reading
Authors: Naveed Tamseel , Evans Abbie , Ferrante Oscar , Pan Yali
Published: October 2024

Processing emotional information is a key ability in human life. However, little is known about how this innate ability affect acquired abilities such as reading. In this study, we recorded eye movements of 43 participants as they silently read 210 one-line English sentences. Each sentence contained a target word manipulated by emotional content (negative/neutral/positive) and word frequency (low/high). All target words were unpredicted, with well-controlled prior sentential context and pre-target words. We found a significant main effect of the target word frequency on the first fixation durations of pre-target words, indicating a lexical parafoveal-on-foveal (PoF) effect, supporting the parallel processing models in reading. Notably, this study is the first to report an interaction between emotional content and word frequency during parafoveal reading, observed in early eye movement measures (i.e., first fixation and gaze durations). This suggests that emotional information can be extracted from the parafovea and influences lexical access. During foveal reading, we found that emotional words were fixated shorter than neutral words, with no difference between positive and negative words. However, this emotional processing priority was found only for low frequency words. Interestingly, the interaction between emotional content and word frequency was observed in the early stage of parafoveal processing but in the late stage of foveal processing, highlighting a dynamic and intricate interplay between emotional processing and lexical access. Overall, our findings suggest that emotion processing is automatic and takes precedence, influencing lexical access even in the “unattended” area like the parafovea.
The Issues of Nation-Building in Nepal
Authors: Mallik Sabita Kumar
Published: October 2024

This article presents the issues of nation-building in Nepal. It reflects the multi-cultural, multi-ethnic, multi-religious, multi-lingual society and the conflicts based on their diversity, which are the major issues of nation-building. The data, statistical facts and historical evidences are collected from viable and authentic resources of the study. The qualitative method of study is the primary focus of the research. In order to reach conclusions, nationbuilding also applies customs, religions, and culture. Descriptive and analytical methods have been employed in this process. Nepal has been struggling with inequality which is the great barrier in nation-building. This article tries to address the major areas of inequalities in Nepal and the reasons behind it. It also focus on the proper management of these conflicts or inequalities, so that the diverse groups of people should be brought in the main stream of nation building which is the major need of various nations at present.
Utilization Postnatal Care Services in Hyolmo Community
Authors: Khatiwada Sanjita
Published: October 2024

Postnatal care (PNC) utilization among the Hyolmo community highlights significant gaps in existing literature and underscores the critical need for targeted healthcare interventions in remote and ethnically distinct populations. This study reveals that, while considerable attention is given to urban and accessible rural populations, remote communities face unique challenges that can impede access to essential maternal health services. The results demonstrate that age, education, and socio-economic factors significantly influence PNC uptake, suggesting disparities that are compounded in remote areas like the Helambu Rural Municipality of Sindhupalchowk District. This study shows that younger mothers, often less aware or hindered by accessibility barriers, are less likely to utilize PNC services compared to their older counterparts. This disparity highlights the necessity for community-specific educational programs that can enhance understanding and encourage the use of PNC services among younger women. Additionally, the influence of education and socio-economic status on PNC utilization points to the broader implications of systemic inequities in healthcare access. Moreover, the study brings to light the role of cultural practices and beliefs in shaping healthseeking behaviors, which varies significantly across different communities. In the traditional beliefs may conflict with modern healthcare practices, there is a clear need for culturally sensitive health interventions that respect and integrate local customs and practices. This research not only contributes to a deeper understanding of the factors affecting PNC service uptake in a specific Nepalese community but also calls for comprehensive policy responses. By addressing the multifaceted challenges faced by the Hyolmo community ranging from geographic isolation to cultural and educational barriers the study advocates for a holistic approach to healthcare. This should include the development of policies that ensure equitable access to health services, enhance community health education, and promote cultural competence among healthcare providers. Ultimately, such efforts are essential for improving maternal and infant health outcomes in remote communities, ensuring that every individual, regardless of their socio-economic or cultural background, has access to the necessary postnatal care.
Bibliometric Insights into the "Kathmandu School of Law Review"
Authors: Neupane Alaka , Karki Tej Bahadur , Neupane Avinash
Published: October 2024

This bibliometric study analyzes the academic reach, thematic focus, and collaboration trends of the Kathmandu School of Law Review (KSLR). Through keyword analysis, the research highlights recurring themes such as human rights, governance, policy-making, and development, reflecting a multidisciplinary approach to legal scholarship. Visualizations of co-authorship networks reveal limited collaboration among scholars, suggesting opportunities for the journal to foster joint publications and interdisciplinary partnerships. Citation network analysis indicates a niche area of research with a few central authors like Puja Mitra and Yubaraj Sangroula, while the low overall citation count points to the need for broader academic engagement and visibility. Bibliographic coupling maps show emerging research clusters, indicating the potential for KSLR to build authority in key areas such as South Asian legal systems and international human rights. The study concludes with recommendations for KSLR to increase global outreach, promote interdisciplinary studies, and enhance academic collaboration to strengthen its impact within and beyond the region.
Exploring Trends in Transportation Management: A Review of Scientific Papers on Dimension AI Database from 2020-2024
Authors: Timalsina Prajit Kumar , Parajuli Suman Kamal
Published: October 2024

This qualitative study explores contemporary trends and advancements in sustainable transportation management practices, focusing on articles published between 2020 and 2024 and sourced from sustainability journals. A comprehensive search strategy using the Dimension AI database with the keywords "Transportation" and "Management". Articles were first screened by their title, abstract, and keywords, from which 63 manuscripts were chosen for thematic analysis. The key findings were the importance of sustainable traffic management systems, including congestion measures, infrastructure resilience, and environmental impact assessment. Another strand that emerged was data-driven approaches for smart city traffic management, which included novel techniques for effective decision-making. The study has especially highlighted the requirements of strategies that would set up the innovation in modeling techniques and resilience frameworks for transportation management. This study offers significant insight into modern trends in sustainable transportation management, which should be of immense value to policymakers, urban planners, and transportation professionals in seeking ways to overcome the problems associated with modern urban mobility while ensuring environmental sustainability.
Global Climate Change: Challenges, Opportunities, and Multilateral Strategies for Sustainable Development
Authors: Tamang Bidhyan
Published: October 2024

Background: Climate change is one of the most pressing global challenges, demanding collaborative action from both developed and developing countries. Despite numerous international agreements like the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement, political will and leadership commitment have been inconsistent, hindering effective global climate action. Private actors and global partnerships have emerged as critical players in addressing climate risks, but geopolitical and economic tensions continue to impede progress. Objectives: This research explores the key challenges and opportunities in combating climate change, emphasizing the role of international cooperation, the involvement of private and public sectors, and the need for innovative solutions. It also seeks to examine the responsibilities of developed and developing countries in contributing to global climate goals. Methods: A qualitative analysis was conducted by reviewing relevant literature, international agreements, and case studies. Data from climate summits, reports, and expert opinions were integrated to understand the political, economic, and environmental dimensions of climate change. Findings: The study identifies several challenges, including a lack of political will among major powers, economic competition, and inconsistent global leadership. It also highlights opportunities, such as the potential for technological innovation, investment in renewable energy, and the strategic role of private actors in promoting sustainable development. The findings underscore the importance of global partnerships and multilateral platforms like the United Nations in fostering cooperation among nations. Conclusion: Addressing climate change requires a holistic approach involving state and non-state actors, strong political leadership, and global partnerships. The transition to a low-carbon economy will require significant economic restructuring, but it presents opportunities for innovation and sustainable development. The study emphasizes the need for developed countries to fulfill their financial commitments to support adaptation in developing nations. Novelty: This research contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive analysis of both the challenges and opportunities in combating climate change. It highlights the critical role of private actors and international cooperation, offering a framework for future global actions.
An Overview of AI Applications in Cybersecurity for IT Management
Authors: Adhikari Dipak , Thapaliya Suman
Published: October 2024

Background: Cybersecurity serves as a defense mechanism against unauthorized access, theft, information disclosure, and service disruptions for electronic data, networks, and computer systems. Traditional cybersecurity strategies have struggled to counter increasingly sophisticated and automated cyberattacks, necessitating the exploration of advanced solutions such as artificial intelligence (AI).
Aim: This research aims to highlight the role of AI technology and systems in enhancing cybersecurity measures, addressing how AI-based solutions can defend against cyber threats and identifying the associated challenges and future research directions.
Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted, focusing on recent advancements in AI applications for cybersecurity. Key databases and search engines were utilized to gather relevant articles, which were then filtered based on criteria such as language, publication quality, citation count, and accessibility. The collected literature was analyzed to extract insights on AI methods and their uses in cybersecurity.
Results: The study found that AI offers several benefits in addressing cybersecurity concerns. AI systems can identify novel and complex cyber threats, handle substantial volumes of security data, and establish baselines for normal network behavior to detect deviations. Various AI techniques, including neural networks, expert systems, intelligent agents, and machine learning, were identified as effective tools in combating cyber threats. AI has demonstrated significant improvements in the detection and prevention of cyberattacks, enhancing overall cybersecurity effectiveness.
Findings: While AI enhances cybersecurity capabilities, it also introduces new challenges such as the need for substantial data and resources, managing false alarms, and vulnerability to adversarial attacks. The study underscores the importance of continuous research to develop robust AI systems that can adapt to evolving cyber threats. Future research should focus on addressing the limitations of AI in cybersecurity, including adversarial threats, data integrity, and human-machine collaboration.
O anatomii radości – w archiwum
Authors: Fornari Francesca
Published: October 2024

Joy as a destabilizing, unpredictable, and ephemeral emotion, laden with ethical dimensions, can also manifest itself as a consequence of intellectual engagement (Misrahi, Lénoir). Pleasure, joy, happiness are recurrent themes in the literature of scholars delving into the intricate realm of “recalcitrant” manuscripts. Drawing upon examples from Agamben, Corti, Farge, Grésillon, and Zweig, this article delineates a phenomenology of joy within archival contexts. From the anticipation of receiving the “living material”of a manuscript to the “slow and unprofitable” process of transcribing the “intimate signs” of writing, and through the act of reading where “passion and reason” intertwine, the experience of joy can astonish those who immerse themselves in the traces of others’ words, within the perpetually unfolding vistas of archival papers, like a universe in miniature.
Nie/rad/ość. Felicytologiczna lektura „Dzienników" Franza Kafki
Authors: Jochemczyk Mariusz , Piotrowiak Miłosz
Published: October 2024

The article attempts to find states of joy in a writer whom no one suspects of such affects. In a contradictious way, the authors try to catch the „sad person from Prague” in the act: expressing happiness, revealing states of excitement, or even joy. As a result of their research, the authors conclude that moments of well-being in life are shown in Kafka’s diary entries not as experienced but as squandered. That’s why the eponymous „dis/joy” has such a bitter meaning.
The Bionomic Equilibrium Model for Balancing Forest Conservation and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Jamal Sri Wahyuni , Suparno Suparno , Hadiyanti Sofia Ulfa Eka , Sadidah Dian , Dewi Mutiara
Published: October 2024

Abstract: The objective of this study is to balance forest conservation with economic growth while accounting for the rate of deforestation. The methodology employed in this research utilizes a mathematical modeling approach, specifically adopting the logistic model to represent forest growth rates. In addition, numerical analysis is applied to illustrate the impact of economic activities on forest areas. The data used in the study consist of deforestation rates in Indonesia from 2000 to 2021. The findings indicate that the rate of economic activity in forested areas is directly proportional to the reduction in forest area. If the rate of deforestation due to economic activity approaches the forest growth rate, the likelihood of forest area reduction increases, and forest depletion will occur if the two rates become equal. To resolve the dilemma between forest conservation and economic growth, this study proposes a solution consisting of three key steps: (1) establishing a minimum forest area that is strictly protected from economic exploitation; (2) setting the ratio between forest growth rates and economic activity rates as a primary foundation for ensuring sustainable forest conservation and economic development; and (3) calculating environmental costs, such as reforestation, based on the proportional relationship between deforestation rates and forest growth rates.
Keywords: Deforestation, Environmental Cost, Economy, Forest, Growth Rate
История детских домов Центрального Казахстана в 1940–1950-е гг.
Authors:   Karaganda University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Abdrakhmanova K.K.
Published: October 2024

In the article the functioning of orphanages in Central Kazakhstan during the war and the first years after it based on archival materials and memoirs was analyzed. The focus of the study is orphanages and children/adolescents who were left without families and placed in public care for various reasons (famine, deportations, the Great Patriotic War, evacuation, political repressions and arrests of parents, death of parents, etc.). The children’s contingent and their composition in the regional orphanages, highlighting the main sources of children's enrollment were studied by the authors. Authors analyzed children’s material, housing, sanitary and hygienic living conditions. Special attention was paid to health issues and the quality of medical care, problems of nutrition and supply of food and non-food products, education. The authors concluded that a sharp increase in the number of children in orphanages in Central Kazakhstan occurred in the 1940s. The situation in orphanages was extremely difficult: high overcrowding, unsanitary conditions, hunger, diseases, abuse, etc. Detectable improvements were noted only by the mid-1950s. They were explicit in the enhancement of the orphanages’ material conditions: quality of food, clothing, education and general appearance of orphanages and the inmates themselves.
Optimisation of solar power plant parameters for use in sprinklers in Southern Ukraine
Authors: Sadovoy Oleksiy , Hruban Vasyl , Fedorchuk Mekhailo , Fedorchuk Valentyna
Published: October 2024

The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of integrating solar power plants into sprinklers in the Mykolaiv region. Modelling methods, practical tests and analysis of system efficiency were used to optimise the parameters of a solar power plant in the South of Ukraine. The results showed that for sprinklers in this region, a solar power plant should have sufficient capacity to meet the energy needs without significantly increasing the weight of the equipment. The most effective solution was to place the solar panels near the Zimmatic-354M machine, which ensures maximum solar energy production. The analysis showed that the use of batteries allows for uninterrupted operation of the system even with partial shading. Field tests confirmed the theoretical findings and revealed the need to improve the materials of the panels to increase their durability and resistance to dust and temperature fluctuations. Improvements to the design and use of new materials are recommended to increase the efficiency of the system in specific climatic conditions. The study also determined that the integration of solar panels into sprinklers would not adversely affect their manoeuvrability and stability. The results showed that the energy system, designed to meet the specific climatic conditions of southern Ukraine, can ensure the stable operation of sprinklers for a long time. In addition, the study revealed the need for regular maintenance of the panels to maintain their efficiency at the optimum level
Analytical justifications of constructive parameters of bionic colters for vertical soil treatment
Authors: Aliiev Elchyn , Tesliuk Hennadii
Published: October 2024

Bionic coulters imitate natural forms and functions, which help reduce energy costs for soil tillage. The aim of the research was to justify the design and structural parameters of turbo discs (coulters) for vertical tillage based on the principles of bionic reverse engineering. Using this method, an equation for the shape of the turbo discs (coulters) was derived, which was obtained by approximating the shell of the argonaut (Argonauta argo). The equation takes into account the main structural parameters of the turbo discs: diameter Dd, cutout height Hm, wave height Hw, number of cutouts n, and spiral coefficient k. As a result of analytical studies on the interaction process between a solid disc and plant residues, the optimal diameter value was determined to be Dd=460 mm under the condition of submerging stems with a thickness of 10-20 mm to a depth of 80 mm. The analytical studies confirmed that the presence of cutouts on the disc prevents stem deflection and ensures better stem capture. In analysing the obtained dependencies using the Wolfram Cloud software package, the optimal values for the cutouts were determined: cutout height Hm=40 mm, number of cutouts n=8. The presence of waves on the disc surface ensures that the interaction with plant residues is independent of their position on the field surface and creates conditions for vertical soil tillage. It was found that, to minimize specific cutting resistance and maximize the degree of soil fragmentation, the optimal wave parameters for the coulter are a wave height of Hw=24.4 mm. The justified parameters of the coulters provide the best balance between soil fragmentation efficiency and reduction in energy consumption for soil tillage. The obtained results can be used to adapt existing agricultural machinery to the new structural parameters of coulters to improve its efficiency.
Analytical study on improving the efficiency and environmental friendliness of solid organic fuels
Authors: Kravets Taras , Semerak Mykhailo , Galyanchuk Igor , Yurasova Oksana , Kharchuk Andrii
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyse methods of increasing the efficiency and environmental friendliness of the use of solid organic fuels (SOF) in electricity generation. This study employed a comprehensive approach to the analysis and optimisation of technological processes, operational systems, and environmental aspects of the use of SOF. The study found that the use of modern technologies, such as gasification and pyrolysis, considerably increases the efficiency of converting SOF into electricity. Optimisation of boiler and turbine designs and automation of fuel supply systems helps to reduce energy losses and improve overall system efficiency. It was found that the use of new materials for boilers increases their resistance to corrosion and erosion, which extends the service life of the equipment. The study also showed that the introduction of gas cleaning and secondary combustion systems significantly reduces emissions of harmful substances, which improves environmental performance. An analysis of ash utilisation opportunities showed that its use as a fertiliser or construction material is a promising area. The study proved that an integrated approach to the use of SOF can substantially increase their efficiency and environmental friendliness. The findings of the study suggest that the use of innovative methods of combustion process control allows achieving more stable and efficient power generation. It was proved that the introduction of automated monitoring and control systems reduces operating costs and increases the reliability of equipment. The study also found that the use of advanced analytical tools to predict equipment wear and tear allows for prompt preventive maintenance, which further increases the efficiency and duration of uninterrupted operation of energy systems
Re-classification of Small Industrial Enterprises as An Approach to the Development of ‎the Small Business Sector in Iraq
Authors: Suliman Murad Faleh , Abdullah Yousif Aftan , Nazmi Dalia Omar
Published: October 2024

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the impact of the reclassification of small industrial enterprises on the development of the small business sector in Iraq. It seeks to identify the current gaps in the current classification system and propose a new framework that considers the challenges facing these enterprises and contributes to enhancing their competitiveness. Methods: The study adopted the inductive approach to prove the importance of reclassifying industrial projects in Iraq and developing the industrial sector. The clarity of the nature of the industrial structure and its classifications according to a new perspective of classifying the project sizes of the industrial sector is an entry point for the reform of the private industrial sector. Results: The study found that the applied classification of industrial projects, whether small or medium, is not compatible with what is prevailing internationally by adopting it only within small and micro enterprises, which led to a weakness in the industrial performance of the private sector compared to its counterpart in neighboring countries and globally. Conclusion: The reclassification of small industrial enterprises represents a decisive step towards the development of the small business sector in Iraq. It contributes to creating a more sustainable business environment as well as contributing to coordination between the private sector and financial institutions under government supervision and support to attract private sector investments inside the country.
The Effectiveness of Worker Participation in Promoting Industrial Harmony- A Case of one of the Public Sector Organisations in Zimbabwe
Authors: Chiriseri Esther , Mubango Hazel , Madzivanyika George , Muzvondiwa Eresi , Mfandaidza Ndabezinhle
Published: October 2024

Objectives: This study examined the effectiveness of worker participation in promoting industrial harmony at one public sector organisation in Zimbabwe. Methods: To identify different types of worker participation initiatives, to assess employees' perceptions of industrial harmony, to establish key challenges affecting worker participation, and to evaluate the effects of employee participation on industrial harmony. Results: The study found that public sector organisations in Zimbabwe use several mechanisms for worker participation, including workers' committees, suggestion schemes, and joint consultative forums. Worker participation was found to have a positive effect on industrial harmony by fostering mutual understanding, reducing conflicts, and improving collaboration between management and workers. However, the study also established various challenges hindering the effectiveness of worker participation, such as inadequate resources, lack of management commitment, poor communication channels, and resistance to change. Results also indicated that in as much as worker participation is a valuable tool for promoting industrial harmony, its success depends on addressing key organisational challenges and behavioural barriers. The findings contribute to the literature on promoting worker participation and industrial harmony. Conclusion: The study offers practical recommendations for organizations seeking to enhance workplace harmony through inclusive and participatory practices.
CHANGES IN YIELD OF GRAIN CROPS WITH DIFFERENTIATED APPLICATION OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS
Authors:   Kazan State Agrarian University, Marcel R. Akhmetzyanov , Fail N. Gallyamov ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Azat V. Sharafutdinov ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Rim Sh. Ableev ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University
Published: October 2024

The increasing of the productivity of agricultural plants is possible under certain conditions, such as maintaining and increasing the fertility of cultivated fields. The research revealed that it is impossible to save and maintain a significant level of soil fertility through the use of organic fertilizers and/or mechanical tillage without the use of fertilizers. A quantitative decrease in their use inevitably occurs with the annual change in the cost of mineral fertilizers, as a result of which the nutrients taken out with the crop harvest are not restored. It leads to sharp reduction in the level of soil fertility and a decrease in crop yields. In order to maintain the balance of the soil in terms of nutrient content in the conditions of biologization of agriculture, increase their fertility and increase productivity, it is necessary to apply acceptable types of affordable and economically justified mineral fertilizers, including their differentiated application.
RESULTS OF THE COMBINED ANCHOR COUTLER RESEARCH UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Rustem Yu. Bagautdinov , Salavat G. Mudarisov ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Ildar M. Farkhutdinov ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this work is to study the influence of the design and technological parameters of the developed combined anchor coutler on the energy intensity of the technological process. As a parameter for assessing the energy intensity of the technological process, the traction resistance of the coulter was chosen. To determine the traction resistance of the combined anchor coulter, experiments were carried out in laboratory conditions on a soil channel. The article presents the conditions for conducting experiments, the results of measuring the traction resistance of the developed combined coulter. The results obtained make it possible to substantiate the rational design and technological parameters of the combined anchor coulter for sowing seeds of grain crops in technologies of zero tillage with simultaneous application of liquid fertilizers.
PREDICTION OF CROP YIELD USING FUZZY LOGIC METHODS
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov, Ruslan M. Bischokov , Svetlana F. Sukhanova ,   Kurgan State Agricultural Academy named after T.S. Maltsev
Published: October 2024

The paper deals with the crop yield issues. Analysis, modelling and prediction of crop yields were performed based on the dynamics of changes in natural and climatic characteristics by choosing configurations of the fuzzy logic methods. The study evaluated the time series of winter wheat yields for 2008–2018 and climatic characteristics (air temperature and precipitation) for 1955–2018 using the Dixon, SmirnovGrubbs, Student and Fisher criteria. The results of the analysis are crucial for identifying the level of empirical adequacy. A computer model of crop yield dependence and climate change dynamics was developed using Fuzzy Logic application of MATLAB software. After completing the stages of training and testing the computer model variants, the authors could predict crop yields for the coming years using previously obtained meteorological values.
INFORMATIVENESS OF ISSR MARKERS IN ASSESSING THE GENOTYPIC DIVERSITY OF THE PYRAMIDAL BEREZIN – LEVASHEV (BASHKIR) POPLAR
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Yulay A. Yanbaev , Svetlana Yu. Bakhtina ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Ruslan Yu. Ianbaev ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Valery P. Putenikhin ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology
Published: October 2024

Using ISSR-analysis, the first study of the pyramidal Berezin – Levashev (Bashkir) poplar genotypic diversity, which has good prospects in creating carbon farms in the agroforest landscapes of the region, was carried out. This hybrid was obtained during the breeding works of 1934–1940 and was widely used in the last century second half for landscaping of the Republic of Bashkortostan cities. We have revealed the genetic identity of most of 25 trees studied, which may indicate their belonging to clones of one combination of crossing. This result confirms historical information about the pyramidal poplar dissemination in the plantings of Ufa by vegetative reproduction of the only survived tree. At the same time, the existence of a relatively small genetic poly- morphism in the three samples studied (the average proportion of polymorphic loci Р95 = 0,302, the expected heterozygosity НЕ = 0,073, the total and effective number of alleles na = 1,20 and ne = 1,12, respectively) evidences the various origin of pyramidal poplars in the Ufa urban and suburban forests. We came to the conclusion that it is necessary to continue the genetic research in order to identify possible parental taxa.
EAR DERMATITIS IN DOGS
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Valiyan V. Gimranov , Aidar M. Bagautdinov ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Yadgar R. Yanbаrisov ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University
Published: October 2024

The study aimed to investigate the prevalence, causes, clinical signs and nature of complications of ear dermatitis in animals.