bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NASA selects new space research centers
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced the selection of seven new Centers for the Commercial Development of Space (CCDS) on July 28, 1987. The centers will be eligible for NASA grants of as much as $1 million annually for the next 5 years to carry on scientific and technical research related to the commercial development of space. The locations and concentrations of the new centers are as follows:

The University of Tennessee Space Institute‐Center for Advanced Space Propulsion, Tullahoma, Tenn.

Auburn University‐Center for the Commercial Development of Space Power, Auburn, Ala.

Environmental Research Institute of Michigan—Center for the Commercial Development of Autonomous and Man‐Controlled Robotic Sensing Systems in Space, Ann Arbor, Mich.

Pennsylvania State University‐Center for Secretion Research, University Park, Penn.

University of Colorado‐Center for Bioserve Space Technologies, Boulder, Colo.

Case Western Reserve University‐Center on Materials for Space Structures, Cleveland, Ohio.

Texas A&M Research Foundation‐Center for Commercial Development of Space Power, College Station, Tex.
Water Resources Systems Planning: Some Case Studies for India
Authors: Willis Robert
Published: October 2011

The book Water Resources Systems Planning: Some Case Studies for India is a collection of papers presenting the applications of water resources planning models in the Indian subcontinent. The contention of the book is that the water resources development of India should be predicated on the systems methodology, primarily because of the vagaries of the continent's arid monsoon climate, the key role that water has in agricultural planning, and the necessity of coordinating national, regional, and basinwide development programs. The dissemination of the results of the systems planning studies is the overriding objective of the book.
New IOC initiatives in global ocean programs
Authors: Bergamaschi Dorothy
Published: October 2011

The United States, led by its Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) representative Anthony J. Calio, is moving ahead on a number of activities sponsored by IOC, which is a specialized agency of the United Nations, affiliated with the U.N. Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), with 114 member states. At the recent IOC Assembly in Paris, a number of discussions focused on the role of the commission in support of studies on global change being planned by the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU). The concept of global environmental change calls for the interdisciplinary study of the earth as a systematic whole, with participation of scientific institutions, national and international agencies, and scientists and technicians from both the advanced and the developing countries in all parts of the world. With the active involvement of the United States and other member states, the IOC could, as the U.N. lead agency for ocean sciences and services, significantly contribute to those ocean‐related aspects of global change studies that require support from governments.
Wind turbine on line in Hawaii
Authors: Maggs William Ward
Published: October 2011

The largest wind machine in the United States started generating electricity in late July in Hawaii. The Mod‐5B wind‐powered turbine, located on the northern tip of the island of Oahu, is rated at 3.2 megawatts and is expected to generate enough clean electricity to supply the needs of 1300 homes. The machine was developed at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Lewis Research Center in Cleveland, Ohio, and paid for by the Department of Energy.

The turbine is based on new technology that allows its 320‐ft (∼100‐m) rotor to operate at variable speeds to suit changing wind conditions. It is the result of 15 years of federally sponsored research at NASA‐Lewis. Conventional turbines operate at a fixed speed. After 6 months of tests, Mod‐5B will be taken over and operated by the Hawaiian Electric Company, under a sales agreement with NASA. The turbine was located at the northend of Oahu primarily because of the high incidence of steady trade winds in that part of the Hawaiian chain. Renewable energy sources like the turbine are also desirable in Hawaii because of the high cost of electricity on the islands, which is principally the result of the need to import all diesel fuel and a prohibition on nuclear power plants in the state.
Sediments and Water Interactions
Authors: Hadley Richard F.
Published: October 2011

This volume is an assemblage of 44 individual papers that are generally representative of the content of the Third International Symposium on Interaction Between Sediments and Water, held in Geneva, Switzerland, August 27–31, 1984. The papers reflect the interest among scientists in the mechanisms that control nutrient cycling, speciation, and the distribution of heavy metals in sediments. However, little of the current work relating to the role of organic contaminants is represented, although it is recognized that the papers were written several years ago. This implies that attention is being directed to toxic substances as a discrete topic rather than to the processes operating at the sediment‐water interface with which contaminants interact.
Neptune predictions wanted
Authors: Maggs William Ward
Published: October 2011

Earth and planetary scientists will have the opportunity to speculate in print about Neptune, before the Voyager 2 spacecraft's flyby of the planet in August 1989. The AGU journal Geophysical Research Letters (GRL) will be publishing scientific predictions about the most distant of the four giant gaseous planets in the Solar System.

A statement published in GRL in September 1987 by editor Alex Dessler calls for the hypotheses because “the classic test of a theory is its ability to predict.” Although much has been learned from Voyager's visits to Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus, “the Neptune encounter challenges our present understanding,” Dessler said.
Global marine gravity field map
Authors: Sloss Peter W.
Published: October 2011

A color relief image of the marine gravity field from SEASAT altimeter measurements of the topography of the ocean surface is now available through the National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. This image, prepared by William F. Haxby (Lamont‐Doherty Geological Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, N.Y.), has been published by NGDC for the Office of Naval Research, which was the principal sponsor of the effort leading to the development of the image. The U.S. Geological Survey, National Mapping Division, printed the map.
Acid Deposition: Long‐Term Trends
Authors: Fisher Bernard
Published: October 2011

This book is one of a series of reports undertaken by the National Reseach Council that address the question of acid deposition and the possible link between combustion sources and effects. The thinking behind this report is that if emissions, deposition, and effects show similar trends since the beginning of industrialization, then this should be clear evidence of a cause‐effect relationship. The links investigated are first, between the emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides and precipitation chemistry, airborne sulfate and visibility; second, between deposition and surface water chemistry and sediment chemistry; and third, between deposition and tree vitality, indicated by factors such as tree ring width.
Terrestrial heat flow and lithosphere structure
Authors: Lister Clive
Published: October 2011

The International Meeting on Terrestrial Heat Flow and Lithosphere Structure was held at the Castle of Bechyně, Czechoslovakia, during June 1–6, 1987. This meeting brought together 81 participants from 24 countries in a remarkable setting away from interruptions and distractions. The Castle of Bechyně is several hundred years old and is constructed in the Austrian imperial style. The compact, if somewhat primitive, accommodations for the conferees encouraged scientific exchanges and ensured a high level of attendance for the formal sessions.
Antarctic ozone hole deepest yet
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Preliminary data from an airborne mission to the yearly ozone hole over Antarctica show the lowest ozone levels yet recorded over that continent, it was announced at a news conference September 30, 1987. Measurements made by two NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) aircraft flying through the zone of ozone depletion, as well as satellite a n d balloon‐based data, indicate a 15% mid‐September decrease in ozone between 14 and 23 km altitude over the mid‐ September levels of 1985, the lowest previous measurements. Chemical and meteorological mechanisms appear to play an interactive role in the hole's development.

In situ sampling and remote sensing of chlorine from NASA's ER‐2 and DC‐8 aircraft showed concentrations of u p to 100 times the amount found at mid‐latitudes at the same altitudes. The documentation of this perturbed chlorine chemistry provides further support for theories linking the hole to the destruction of ozone by chlorine species like the CIO radical.
Geophysical events
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

This is a summary of SEAN Bulletin, 12(8), August 31, 1987, a publication of the Smithsonian Institution's Scientific Event Alert Network. The complete bulletin is available in the microfiche edition of Eos as a microfiche supplement or as a paper reprint. For the microfiche, order document E87‐010 at $2.50 (U.S.) from AGU Customer Services, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20009. For the paper reprint, order SEAN Bulletin (giving volume and issue numbers and issue date) through AGU Separates at the above address; the price is $3.50 for one copy of each issue number for those who do not have a deposit account, $2 for those who do; additional copies of each issue number are $1. Subscriptions to SEAN Bulletin are available from AGU Fulfillment at the above address; the price is $18 for 12 monthly issues mailed to a U.S. address, $28 if mailed elsewhere, and must be prepaid.
Radioactivity and oceanography
Authors: Huh Chih‐An
Published: October 2011

The First International Symposium on Radioactivity and Oceanography was held during June 1–5, 1987, in Cherbourg, France. The theme of the meeting was “Radionuclides: A Tool for Oceanography.” The symposium was cosponsored by the French Society of Nuclear Energy (SFEN) and the French National Institute of Marine Technology (INTM), with support from 13 other organizations. The organizers report that 154 registered participants from 17 nations attended the symposium. The languages of the meeting were French and English; simultaneous translations were provided.
Aging of geophysicists reconsidered
Authors: Gillmor C. Stewart
Published: October 2011

Are scientists as a group getting older? Between 1960 and April 1986 the median age of the U.S. population increased by 1 year to 30.5 years [Bureau of the Census, 1982, 1986]. But active, publishing U.S. geophysicists are aging much faster. Three years ago, I reported in Eos [Gillmor, 1984] that a sample of about 300 active American Geophysical Union (AGU) members with U.S. addresses who had published in the Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR) in 1983 was almost 4 years older than a similar sample drawn from 1978.

The reason that I chose U.S. authors who were publishing in JGR and who were members of AGU for my study was that JGR is the world's leading geophysics journal and AGU is one of a few scientific organizations with relatively good birth year information for its members going back for many years. With the kind assistance of AGU staff, I examined AGU records to determine which authors giving U.S. or Canadian addresses in my samples were AGU members in 1986, which then allowed me to locate birth years for nearly all of those members.
Advocacy and AGU
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

In May 1982, the AGU Council approved the following policy on the Union's role in advocacy on public issues.

The American Geophysical Union is an association of scientists, scholars, and interested lay public for the purpose of advancing geophysical science. The Union shares a collateral sense of responsibility to assure that the results of geophysical research are made available to benefit all mankind. The Union encourages its members to exercise their individual sense of responsibility in addressing political and social issues. Should they choose to act collectively on such issues, other organizations exist for such purposes. The American Geophysical Union, as a society, should preserve its unique position as an objective source of analysis and commentary for the full spectrum of geophysical science.
The large plumes of Novaya Zemlya
Authors: Parmenter‐Holt Frances C.
Published: October 2011

A news article by M. Matson (“Large Plume Events in the Soviet Arctic,” Eos, December 9, 1986, pp. 1372–1373) described large plume events that were observed emanating from Novaya Zemlya Island (U.S.S.R.). Various geomorphic and anthropogenic activities were postulated as sources of this plume. An examination of the imagery presented, and the additional examples provided by Matson, suggest that this cold plume is a naturally occurring, orographically induced event.

Novaya Zemlya (NZ) Island is a northeast‐to‐southwest oriented island. The topography of the northern portion of the island, where the plumes were observed, is characterized by a continuous glacial ridge located at the center of the land mass. This glacier rises quickly from sea level to more than 2500 ft or ∼760 m (Figure 1). Ridges on the southern portion are oriented east‐west and are below 2500 ft. In addition, the northern portion of the island arcs to the northeast, generally perpendicular to the movements of prevailing winds and weather systems.
CSDP at the crossroads
Authors: Eichelberger John C.
Published: October 2011

The Continental Scientific Drilling Program (CSDP) has entered a critical period. After decades of committee meetings, research drilling on the continents is actually being done. What is being done, however, is far less grand than projects envisioned by the early committees because as yet there has been no increment in research funding in agency budgets earmarked for CSDP. Nevertheless, results of early projects are coming into view, and it is proper to ask whether those results justify the expense. The answer is becoming the subject of a debate that will determine the future of CSDP.

This is a concern to disciplines comprising the VGP section above most others. For example, without research drilling, fluid samples from depth will be largely limited to commercially drilled hydrocarbon reservoirs and a handful of geothermal systems, and we will not move beyond a cartoonlike understanding of intrusive structures and processes beneath modern volcanos. Therefore, I view CSDP as essential to our progress in understanding fluids and melts in the crust. Perhaps consideration of some observations made in the trenches during critical battles will improve the outcome o f the current debate.
Space Remote Sensing Systems: An Introduction
Authors: Carbary J. F. , Meng C.‐I.
Published: October 2011

In the general textbook sense, this book is not an introduction to space remote sensing systems. Rather, it is a review of a subset of modern Earth‐sensing instruments. The author intends this book to be more for scientists and engineers rather than students, although the content is more suitable for program managers who are not intimately connected with the technical aspects of remote sensing and for those who want quick information on Earth‐observing systems.

The book's 257 pages contain 10 chapters, two appendices, and an index. The first chapter briefly covers the interaction of Earth's atmosphere and surface with solar radiation. The second chapter attempts to discuss fundamentals of space remote sensing such as satellite scanning techniques, types of telescopes, and optical materials. The third chapter takes up specific radiometric and imaging devices, such as photomultiplier tubes, CCDs, and cooling systems. The next four chapters for the most part cover specific flight hardware, including radiometers, spectrometers, imagers, microwave systems, lidar systems, and synthetic aperture radars (SAR). The final two chapters discuss launch vehicles and current or planned Earth observation missions.
NSF wants GOFS proposals
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Science Foundation (NSF), with the National Aeronautics and Space, Administration (NASA), continues to support the planning and implementation of the U.S. Global Ocean Flux Study (GOFS). GOFS is expected to be fully implemented during the 1990s.

The purpose of GOFS is to identify and quantify the physical, chemical, and biological processes controlling biogeochemical cycling in the ocean, and their interactions with the global atmosphere. The goal is to understand the processes governing the production and fate of biogenic materials in the sea well enough to predict their influences on and responses to perturbations on a global scale. The Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS), the planned international initiative under the auspices of the Scientific Committee on Ocean Research (SCOR), is a key element of the International Geosphere‐Biosphere Program (IGBP).
FROGS (Friends of Granites) Report, Fall 1987
Authors: Miller Calvin F. , Lawford J.
Published: October 2011

This is the first official FROGS report in Eos. Our purpose is to disseminate information about the status of felsic igneous petrology, providing information and opinions about research, ideas, and problems that relate especially to granitoids but also, clearly, to felsic volcanic rocks. A major goal has been to bridge the gap between field‐based and experimental approaches. For several years, FROGS reports have existed as occasional informal newsletters, but we feel that our purposes will be better served by semiannual publication as a section of the VGP News. A briefer companion report will also be published in The Lattice, the newsletter of the Mineralogical Society of America.
Recent Ph.D.s
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Eos periodically lists information on recently accepted doctoral dissertations in the disciplines of geophysics. Faculty members are invited to submit the following information, on institution letterhead, above the signature of the faculty advisor or department chairman:

the dissertation title,

author's name,

name of the degree‐granting department and institution,

faculty advisor,

month and year degree was awarded,

category of dissertation subject (Atmospheric Sciences, Hydrology, Ocean Sciences, Solid Earth, or Space Sciences).

If possible, include the current address and telephone number of the degree recipient (this information will not be published).
Kisiel Memorial Lectures published
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The text of the Fourth Kisiel Memorial Lecture (“The Emergence of Global‐Scale Hydrology” by AGU President Peter S. Eagleson, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass.) has been printed and is now available. A complete set of all four lectures may also be obtained. The first three lectures are “Relections on Hydrology” by N. C. Matalas, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Reston, Va.; “The Real Benefits from Synthetic Flows” by Myron B. Fiering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.; and “Water Management in the United States: A Democratic Process (Who Are the Managers?)” by J. D. Bredehoeft, USGS, Menlo Park, Calif. To order the lecture texts, contact the Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, Building 11, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721. Enclose a check payable to the University of Arizona. Costs of the texts are $3 (for a single lecture) or $12 (for all four).
Australian network of magnetic observatories
Authors: Barton C. E.
Published: October 2011

Six magnetic observatories are presently operated by the Australian Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics (BMR), with assistance from various other organizations. Variometer recordings are made of three or more elements of the field at minute intervals, and absolute measurements are made weekly. There are four observatories on the continent (Canberra, Gnangara, Charters Towers, and Learmonth), one on Macquarie Island, and one at Mawson Station in eastern Antarctica (Figure 1). In addition, semiweekly absolute observations of the field (D, H, and F) are made at the other two permanent Australian Antarctic bases (Casey and Davis). A three‐axis fluxgate magnetometer (EDA Electronics, Toronto , Canada) is operated independently by the Upper Atmosphere Physics group at Davis. Monthly mean values, K indices, and information about magnetic disturbances are published monthly in the BMR Geophysical Observatory Report.
House authorizes billion for SSC
Authors: Maggs William Ward
Published: October 2011

On October 15, 1987, the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Science, Space, and Technology voted favorably on H.R. 3228, a bill authorizing $1.079 billion over the next 3 fiscal years (FY) for the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) proposed by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The bill authorizes $10 million to be spent in FY 1988 on siting and construction. Site proposals from 26 states are currently under review by DOE and the National Academy of Sciences.

Before the committee approved the authorization, Don Ritter (R‐Pa.) introduced numerous amendments to the bill. The intent of the measures was to delay complete funding for the project until careful and objective site selection and partial funding of the SSC from other countries could be assured. All of the amendments were voted down.
Geophysical events
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

This is a summary of SEAN Bulletin, 12(9), September 30, 1987, a publication of the Smithsonian Institution's Scientific Event Alert Network. The complete bulletin is available in the microfiche edition of Eos as a microfiche supplement or as a paper reprint. For the microfiche, order document E 8 7 ‐ 010 at $2.50 (U.S.) from AGU Customer Services, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20009. For the paper reprint, order SEAN Bulletin (giving volume and issue numbers and issue date) through AGU Separates at the above address; the price is $3.50 for one copy of each issue number for those who do not have a deposit account, $2 for those who do; additional copies of each issue number are $1. Subscriptions to SEAN Bulletin are available from AGU Fulfillment at the above address; the price is $18 for 12 monthly issues mailed to a U.S. address, $28 if mailed elsewhere, and must be prepaid.
[Reply to “Space Station?”] Yes, for biological research
Authors: Young Richard S.
Published: October 2011

I have, for the past several years, been the Life Sciences Team Leader on the Task Force for Scientific Uses of Space Station, where we have viewed the space station as a powerful tool for microgravity research in the life sciences. The fact that the space station is indeed to be a permanent facility makes it especially and uniquely of value to us. While I agree with Meredith's contention (Eos, September 29, 1987, p. 770) that the station can well be justified as a required step toward manned exploration of the Solar System, I do not agree with his apparent feeling that it has little utility as a research facility.
U.S.‐Soviet climate research: More, better
Authors: Maggs William Ward
Published: October 2011

The draft of an agreement for cooperative U.S.‐Soviet climate research contains a number of proposed projects that should lead to unprecedented knowledge of the worldwide atmospheric distribution of trace gases and their effect on climate change. Activities named in the document include the shared measurement of Antarctica's ozone hole, a joint experiment to investigate the relationship between aerosols and ozone in the Arctic stratosphere, and a program to measure biogenic methane produced in permafrost areas of the United States and the Soviet Union.

The protocol, signed in preliminary form November 2, 1987, by representatives of both countries, is the latest update of a bilateral agreement in place since 1972. Ultimate approval of the protocol should come in the next few months, in the form of a final signing by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Lee Thomas and the head of the equivalent ministry in the Soviet Union, Yuri Izrael.
[Comment on “Plate tectonics: Scientific revolution or scientific program?” by Jean‐Claude Mareschal] Development of plate tectonics theory: The missing piece
Authors: Doe Bruce R.
Published: October 2011

The recent article by Jean‐Claude Mareschal (“Plate Tectonics: Scientific Revolution or Scientific Program?” in Eos, May 19, 1987, p. 529) adds to the interesting literature on the evolution of the theory of plate tectonics. It is curious that an aspect of the general theory that seems to be little considered and mentioned by Mareschal or others who write about the history of development of the theory, but that was vitally important in my own acceptance of the theory, was the discovery of subduction and, to a lesser extent, abduction.
Dynamic Meteorology
Authors: Etling D.
Published: October 2011

The Glossary of Meteorology (American Meteorological Society, Boston, Mass., 1959) defines dynamic meteorology as “the study of atmospheric motions as solutions of the fundamental equations of hydrodynamics or other system of equations appropriate to special conditions.” This definition fits Panchev's book quite well, although the author prefers to call its subject “fluid dynamics of the atmosphere.” The emphasis in this volume, however, is on the formal treatment of equations rather than on the physical explanation of atmospheric motions. The book has been written on the basis of classes on dynamic meteorology taught at the University of Sofia, Bulgaria. In this respect, the book also gives readers outside of this scientific community some insight into Eastern European education on dynamic meteorology.
Atmospheric methane: Formation and fluxes from the biosphere and the geosphere
Authors: Oremland Ronald S.
Published: October 2011

The reported doubling of atmospheric methane over the past century and its impact on global climate change prompted this symposium, which was hosted by the Division of Geochemistry of the American Chemical Society during its meeting in Denver, Colo. (April 5–10, 1987). The goal was to establish an interdisciplinary forum for current research related to aspects of

the chemistry of methane in Earth's atmosphere;

the identification of its sources;

its microbiological mechanisms of formation and oxidation; and

measurements of its outward flux from various sources.
Ghost stories
Authors: Joselyn Jo Ann
Published: October 2011

Occasionally, peculiar features show up in otherwise reliable data sets. These features can almost invariably be explained as the result of adverse effects on spacecraft and instrumentation by the environment external to the sensor itself. For example, within weeks after the Applications Technology Satellite 5 (ATS 5) was launched into geosynchronous orbit in August 1969, a strange pattern was observed in the behavior of the 50‐eV to 50‐keV particles near local midnight (see the article “Spacecraft Charging at Synchronous Orbit,” by S. E. DeForest, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 77, p. 651, 1972). After careful analysis, it was found that ATS 5 was charging to potentials as high as 10,000 volts during spacecraft eclipse. DeForest notes that the effects of local charging near particle detectors could “snarl the particle optics in an indecipherable manner that probably would resemble interesting new physical phenomena.” Other diverse reasons for unusual effects in data and systems are cosmic ray hits on imaging electronics, “glinting” from adjacent spacecraft, physical contamination from spacecraft outgassing or debris, offsets caused by improperly shielded electronics, and simple instrument degradation caused by age and/or radiation dose.
NFS Climate Dynamics Workshop: Paleoclimate Data‐Model Interaction
Authors: Rea David K.
Published: October 2011

There is a growing awareness by both scientists and policy makers of the importance of understanding Planet Earth as a single interactive environmental system. This is reflected by major programs of action like the International Geosphere‐Biosphere Program (IGBP). According to the booklet “Global Change,” which covers the U.S. efforts in this area (National Academy of Sciences (NAS), 1986, pp. 3–4), the IGBP‐Global Change Program calls for integrated study of the physical, chemical, and biological processes that have produced and now maintain the environment needed for life on earth. Such a program would be based on a well‐planned series of observations and modeling and process studies. It should also include increased efforts to recover a much longer history of the Earth and its environment, from geological records and the records preserved in trees and ice, for we recognize that changes on a wide range of time scales, from years to hundreds of millions of years, are a significant feature of earth history. Knowledge of the past is essential to the tasks of understanding the present or predicting the future.
Oceans science in AGU
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Members in the Ocean Sciences Section: 6298.
Southeast U.S. burns
Authors: Maggs William Ward
Published: October 2011

Human beings were responsible for most of 12,000 forest fires in the southeastern United States that burned for 10 days in late October and early November 1987. 910 km2, mostly hardwood forest, were destroyed in the fires, with arson and carelessness as the primary causes, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service.

Measured in monetary terms, the toll was more than $40 million in resource and property damage. While the amount of forest burned did not rival the 3390 km2 lost to fires in the western United States last summer, the human impact was severe in the southeast and all along the East Coast. Favorable winds blew smoke from the southern and central Appalachians as far north as New England and as far east as Delaware, and cool fall air close to the ground prevented the smoke from rising, thickening the air in many northeastern cities on November 8 and 9.
Program for 1988 JOA
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The symposia and convenors for the 1988 Joint Oceanographic Assembly (JOA) have been selected. The meeting will be held in Acapulco, Mexico, August 23–31, 1988. The symposia, followed by their convenors, are listed below.
Trans‐Pacific Hydrographic Section along 10°N
Authors: Brady Esther C.
Published: October 2011

Plans are underway for a hydrographic section along ˜10°N in the Pacific Ocean. This work, tentatively scheduled for late 1988 to early 1989, is to be supported by the National Science Foundation's Ocean Sciences Division.

Measurements will consist of approximately 240 full‐depth casts with a conductivity, temperature, depth, and dissolved oxygen (CTD/;O2) profiler. A rosette sampler with 24 ten‐liter bottles will be lowered with the CTD/O2 profiler to provide water samples for additional salinity, oxygen, and nutrient analyses. Stations will be separated nominally by 75 km, with closer spacing planned over major topographic features and near the eastern and western boundaries. In addition, vertical profiles of upper ocean velocity will be measured continuously by an acoustic Doppler current profiler.
Short‐term variability of physical oceanographic features in the Indian waters
Authors: Burt Wayne V.
Published: October 2011

A symposium with the title given above took place at the Naval Physical and Oceanographic Laboratory in Cochin, India, on February 19–20, 1987. Scientists from 18 different universities, colleges, and governmental laboratories presented papers. This is indicative of the widespread interest in the subject matter in India.

Because of the length of the meeting, it will be impossible to discuss all of the papers that were presented. Only a few of the papers that seemed most cogent to me will be discussed.
Selected bibliography of seismology 1983–1986
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

In preparing the seismology section of the quadrennial U.S. National Report to the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), the reference sections of 10 papers were merged. This combined bibliography of more than 2000 items was prepared by Carol K. Sullivan and is now available as U.S. Geological Survey Open‐File Report 87–516. The seismology section of the report to IUGG was edited by Thomas C. Hanks and published in the July 1987 issue of Reviews of Geophysics.
Cretaceous rocks may hold keys to global process
Authors: Maggs William Ward
Published: October 2011

A new international research project will focus on the Cretaceous Period and its sedimentary rocks as a detailed record of global chemical and physical processes. The initiative has been proposed by a committee of the Global Sedimentary Geology Program (GSGP), which the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) adopted in February 1987.

Impetus for the new program, called Cretaceous Resources, Events, and Rhythms (CRER), grew out of a recognition of the unique climatic history of the Cretaceous Period (65–135 m.y. B.P.), a time when several marine trangressions left marine sediments covering much of the planet. The relatively complete stratigraphy of the period in many parts of the world offers the opportunity to examine 70 million years of climate change on a global scale.
ASTM Subcommittee develops standards for groundwater monitoring investigations
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The responsibility of developing standards for methods and materials used in conducting investigations to monitor groundwater and the vadose zone is the charge of ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) Subcommittee D‐18.21 on Ground Water Monitoring. David M. Nielsen (IEP, Inc.) is chairman of the subcommittee, which is under ASTM Committee D‐18 on Soil and Rock. A. Ivan Johnson (A. Ivan Johnson, Inc., Arvada, Colo.) is vice‐chairman, and Joseph D. Ritchey (Keck Consulting Services, Inc., Williamston, Miss.) is secretary.
Pacific International Space Year (ISY) Conference
Authors: Rosendhal Jeffrey D.
Published: October 2011

The Pacific International Space Year (ISY) Conference was held on August 19–21, 1987, at the Mauna Lani Bay Hotel located on the Kohala Coast of the Island of Hawaii. The meeting was cosponsored by the Aerospace Industries Association o f America, AGU, the American Institute o f Aeronautics and Astronautics, the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, the Institute of Electronics, Information, and Communications Engineering, the Japanese Rocket Society, the Planetary Society, and the U.S./ISY Association and was hosted by the University of Hawaii. It was attended by more than 140 people drawn from the scientific communities and space agencies of eight countries, together with representatives from a number of international organizations.
John P. Tully 1906”1987
Authors: Tabata Sus
Published: October 2011

John Patrick Tully, known as the “Father of West Coast Oceanography” in Canada, died in Nanaimo, British Columbia (BC), Canada, on Tuesday, May 19, 1987. Memorial services were held at Brechin United Church on Saturday, May 23. He is survived by his wife, Lorraine, and two daughters, Jean (Prout) and Anne (Gill), and one son, Jim.

“Jack” Tully was born in Brandon (Manitoba, Canada) on November 29, 1906. After completing his early education at public schools in Winnipeg, he entered the University of Manitoba, where he graduated with B.Sc. Honors in biology and chemistry in 1931.
1900‐Ma ocean crust in Canada
Authors: Maggs William Ward
Published: October 2011

The oldest known occurrence in North America of an ophiolite, considered to be a piece of ancient ocean crust, has been reported in the Cape Smith Belt in northern Quebec, Canada.

The recognition last summer of a key structural component of the characteristic ophiolite suite has buttressed confidence in the theory that the 1900‐Ma fragments of an ocean basin were accreted to an early Proterozoic Canadian continent. The tectonic mixing of oceanic and continental crust is strong evidence for the operation of plate tectonics early in Earth's history.
World climatic data
Authors: Quayle Robert G.
Published: October 2011

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) sponsors the publication of Monthly Climatic Data for the World (MCDW). This year, 1987, marked the introduction of volume 40, representing 40 years of global surface and upper air climatological data compiled in the MCDW publication format. Surface data include monthly means and/or departures from normal of temperature, precipitation, atmospheric pressure, and sunshine, while upper air data include monthly means of geopotential height, temperature, dewpoint, and winds. About 1500 surface stations and 500 upper air stations (see cover) now contribute data to the National Climatic Data Center, a unit of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) that coordinates publication and production of digital data products with the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR, in Boulder, Colo.). Most data are collected via the Global Telecommunications System (GTS), supplemented by occasional mailings for delayed data.
[Comment on “Review papers: Proceedings vs. journals” by S. Peter Gary] On the venue of review papers
Authors: Eviatar Aharon
Published: October 2011

S. Peter Gary has called our attention (“Review Papers: Proceedings vs. Journals,” Eos, March 3, 1987, p. 125) to the lesson of the noted philosopher of science, S.W.H. Cowley, to wit: “Proceedings are simply not accessible to the same degree as journals.” From this, Gary concludes that it would be much more desirable if space physics review articles were published in refereed journals rather than in conference proceedings. I should like to comment a bit on this, if I may.
The Great Devonian Controversy: The Shaping of Scientific Knowledge Among Gentlemanly Specialists
Authors: Gillmor Stewart
Published: October 2011

Martin Rudwick teaches the History of Science at Princeton University (Princeton, N.J.). Formerly and for a number of years, he was a geologist and paleontologist; this very good book began with his work over 20 years ago. The volume appeared in print almost 2 years ago and has been reviewed frequently, but it is so important that this reviewer feels it should be called to the attention of members of AGU and readers of Eos.
October streamflow
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Record lows were set for streamflow in the Pacific northwest and in the southwestern Appalachians in October 1987. The Spokane River at Spokane, Wash., the Columbia River at The Dalles, Oreg., and the Yellowstone River at Corwin Springs, Mont., were among the rivers breaking low‐flow records that had stood for nearly 100 years. Fifty‐year lows were reported for the Tombigbee River near Coatopa, Ala., and the Green River at Munfordville, Ky.

The U.S. Geological Survey reported that the combined flow of the Mississippi, St. Lawrence, and Columbia Rivers was 14% below median at 551,400 cubic feet per second (cfs). Mean October elevations of the Great Lakes (provisional National Ocean Service data) was lower in October than it was in September and was lower than it had been in October 1986. The Great Salt Lake fell 0.15 ft (0.04 m) during October, reaching 4209.25 ft (1282.97 m) above National Geodetic Vertical Datum.
Recent Ph.D.s
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Eos periodically lists information on recently accepted doctoral dissertations in the disciplines of geophysics.
Minerals physics news and announcement wanted
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Mineral Physics News appears biannually in Eos. News, notes, reviews, or other material of general interest to AGU and the mineral physics community are welcome. Please send information to the editor of Mineral Physics News.
1987 water year
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Southeastern Canada and the western United States were unusually dry during water year 1987, which ended in September 1987. The Great Plains, from North Dakota to Texas, were wet, as were isolated areas in the deep South. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) hydrologists report that 55% of the streamflow stations that they monitor in the contiguous United States and Puerto Rico showed normal flow during the year. Nearly 30% of the stations were unusually dry.
Fall 1987 GP Student Awards
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Awards for the best oral student papers at the 1987 AGU Fall Meeting were given to Nancy Butterworth (University of Utah, Salt Lake City) and David Schneider (Lamont‐Doherty Geological Observatory (LDGO), Palisades, N.Y.). Butterworth's paper, “CSAMT Responses of Three‐dimensional Bodies,” was presented in the December 8 (Tuesday) morning session “Crustal Magnetic Anomalies and Conductivity Structure.” Her paper was coauthored by Gerald Hohmann (University of Utah). Schneider's talk, “Inclination Anomalies from Equatorial Deep‐sea Cores and Axial Symmetry of the Time‐Averaged Field” was given in the “Paleomagnetic Field True Polar Wander” session that afternoon. Dennis Kent (LDGO) was the coauthor. The awards were determined by a committee composed of Laurie Brown (University of Massachusetts, Amherst), Steve Lund (University of Southern California, Los Angeles), and Jim Heirtzler (National Aeronautics and Space Administration/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.).
Science teachers to hear Van Allen
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

James Van Allen, discoverer of Earth's radiation belts, is a featured speaker at the National Science Teachers Association National 1988 convention in St. Louis, Mo. AGU is sponsoring his illustrated lecture “Exploring the Planets,” on April 8, 1988. Van Allen will describe some of the most significant results of planetary missions and discuss plans for future missions.

Van Allen has been a principal investigator for scientific experiments on 24 Earth‐orbiting, Moon‐orbiting, and planetary missions. He served as AGU president from 1982 to 1984. In 1985, he retired from the University of Iowa, Iowa City, where he taught physics for 34 years. President Reagan awarded him the National Medal of Science in 1987.
A global nuclear waste repository
Authors: Lin Wunan
Published: October 2011

As a concerned scientist, I think that having a global nuclear waste repository is a reachable goal for human beings. Maybe through this common goal, mankind can begin to treat each other as brothers and sisters. So far, most human activities are framed by national boundaries, which are purely arbitrary. Breaking through these national boundaries will be very beneficial to human beings.

Formation of the International Geosphere‐Biosphere Program in 1986 indicates a growing awareness on the part of scientists regarding Earth as a system. The Apollo missions gave us a chance to look back at Earth from space. That perspective emphasized that our Earth is just one system: our only home. It is in deed a lonely boat in the high sea of dark space. We must take good care of our “boat.”
Reply [to “The OSSA budget: Another view”]
Authors: Meredith L. H.
Published: October 2011

Clearly, Lanzerotti and I both feel strongly about having the best possible NASA program. Although he takes no exception to the programmatic issues raised in my letter, his other points deserve response:

The four Eos articles by myself, Reiff, Alexander, and Solomon all addressed the FY 1989 OSSA budget. The budgets for FY 1990 and future years are still being formulated. Review of the FY 1990 OSSA budget would, of course, be appropriate when the FY 1990 budget proposal is known.

Open discussion should strengthen the total program and noting possible strengths or weaknesses not be viewed as divisive. The Union might want to consider helping in this process by establishing a position on the OSSA program as it relates to geophysics.
Chinese‐U.S. Scientific Exchange Program
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Committee on Scholarly Communication with the People's Republic of China (CSCPRC) is inviting applications for its 1989–1990 research exchange programs. Support is available for 1–3‐month visits between American and Chinese scientists from September 1989 to August 1990. Nearly all scholarly and scientific disciplines are eligible for support. American scholars may nominate Chinese scholars of any discipline for a visit to the United States. Preference will be given to those Chinese scholars who have not been in the United States recently.
Geophysical events
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

This is a summary of SEAN Bulletin, 13(4), April 30, 1988, a publication of the Smithsonian Institution's Scientific Event Alert Network. The complete bulletin is available in the microfiche edition of Eos as a microfiche supplement or as a paper reprint. For the microfiche, order document E88‐003 at $2.50 (U.S.) by writing to AGU Orders , 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20009 or by calling toll free on 800‐424‐2488. For the paper reprint, order SEAN Bulletin (giving volume and issue numbers and issue date) through the same address; the price is $3.50 for one copy of each issue number for those who do not have a deposit account, $2 for those who do; additional copies of each issue number are $1. Subscriptions to SEAN Bulletin are also available from AGU‐Orders; the price is $18 for 12 monthly issues mailed to a U.S. address, $28 if mailed elsewhere, and must be prepaid.
IAH Commission on Mineral and Thermal Water
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The U.S. National Committee for the International Association of Hydrogeologists is asking for applications from U.S. scientists for service as a U.S. representative on the International Association of Hydrogeologists Commission on Mineral and Thermal Waters. Any interested person should contact Dr. E. S. Simpson, Secretary‐Treasurer, IAH U.S. National Committee, Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 (telephone: 602‐621‐1855 or ‐5082).
In Memoriam
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Otto W. Nuttli, AGU Fellow and member of the Seismology Section since 1951, died on February 9, 1988.

Paul M. Fye died March 11, 1988. He had been a member of the Ocean Sciences Section since 1958.
HST proposals: October deadline
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Proposals for use of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) are due October 1, 1988, according to a statement from the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, Md. The cutoff date has been moved forward during the past year because of rescheduling of Space Shuttle launches.

The telescope, which will allow scientists to peer deep into space without Earth's atmosphere in the way, is in line to be carried into orbit by the shuttle in June 1989. Observing proposals submitted by the deadline will be considered for the General Observer program for the period December 1989–November 1990.
Lecturing opportunities in eastern Europe
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Lectureships and research opportunities in the environmental sciences in Eastern Europe are now available through the Fulbright Scholars program. The awards are for scientists who are interested in lecturing for one or both semesters of the 1989–1990 academic year in Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, German Democratic Republic, Hungary, Poland, U.S.S.R., or Yugoslavia. Research awards are also available, and lectures may be given in English. The topics that are of particular interest vary from country to country; they range from the economics of environmental protection and the development of the continental shelf to wastewater treatment technology and atmospheric pollution. Some awards will be given for work in any scientific field.