bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ecological sensitivity and vulnerability of fishing fleet landings to climate change across regions
Authors: Albo-Puigserver Marta , Bueno-Pardo Juan , Pinto Miguel , Monteiro João N. , Ovelheiro Andreia , Teodósio Maria A. , Leitão Francisco
Published: October 2022

The degree of exposure of fishing communities to environmental changes can be partially determined by the vulnerability of the target species and the landings composition. Hence, identifying the species that ecologically most contribute to the vulnerability of the landings are key steps to evaluate the risk posed by climate change. We analyse the temporal variability in intrinsic sensitivity and the ecological vulnerability of the Portuguese fisheries landings, considering the species proportions derived both from the weights and revenues. To account for the diversification of species of each fleet, we explored the species dependence of the fishery in combination with the vulnerability of them. The analyses were carried out separately for three fleet typologies and three regions. Opposite to what has been observed at a global scale, the ecological sensitivity of the fisheries landings between 1989 and 2015 did not display a decline across areas or fishing fleets. Considering each fleet independently, for trawling, where average vulnerability was lower than in the other fleets, the sensitivity of the landings increased since the 2000s. On the other hand, the high vulnerability found in multi-gear fleets was compensated by diversification of the species caught, while purse-seine fleets targeted low vulnerability species but presented a high fishery dependence on few species. The results highlight the importance of combining information on ecological vulnerability and diversification of fishing resources at a regional scale while providing a measure of the ecological exposure to climate change.
Effect of Weiss ring on peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measurements using SD-OCT
Authors: Kim Min-Su , Nam Ki-Yup , Hwang Young Hoon , Lee Min-Woo , Lee Woo-Hyuk , Lim Hyung-Bin , Kim Jung-Yeul
Published: October 2022

Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) must accurately identify and measure the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness to improve the repeatability and reproducibility, and reduce measurement errors. Because Weiss ring can be located in front of the optic disc, we hypothesized that it may affect pRNFL thickness measurements obtained using SD-OCT. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with (group W) and without (group N) Weiss ring, observed on OCT fundus image and an RNFL map devised using SD-OCT. Optic disc cube scans (200 × 200) were obtained to measure pRNFL thicknesses (superior, temporal, inferior, nasal, and average) at two consecutive visits. Pearson's correlation coefficient (r), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated. The r and ICC values for the pRNFL thickness measurements at the two visits were lower for group W compared to group N, but statistical significance was reached only for inferior pRNFL thickness. In addition, CV values were greater for group W compared to group N, but the differences were significant only for inferior and average pRNFL thickness measurements (p < 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively). Weiss ring located near the optic disc can affect pRNFL thickness measurements and repeatability thereof, especially the inferior quadrant and average values. Therefore, it is important to identify the presence of Weiss ring when analyzing pRNFL thickness values.
The effect of putrescine on space use and activity in sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)
Authors: Mensch Emily L. , Dissanayake Amila A. , Nair Muraleedharan G. , Wagner C. Michael
Published: October 2022

Fish use odor to avoid exposure to predation and disease. Harnessing these odors as repellents is proving useful for management initiatives that conserve native species or control invasive populations. Here, we evaluated the behavioral response of invasive sea lamprey to putrescine, a decay molecule that many prey organisms avoid. Putrescine is found in tissue extracts that contain sea lamprey alarm cue, and human saliva, two mixtures known to elicit flight and avoidance responses in migratory sea lamprey. We used two behavioral assays to evaluate metrics of repellency: behavioral preference (space use) and change in activity rates and found context-dependent results. In smaller assays with individual fish, we found that putrescine had no effect on sea lamprey activity but did induce avoidance. In larger assays with multiple animals, sea lamprey did not avoid putrescine. Our results also showed consistent changes in activity and avoidance behavior in sea lamprey exposed to alarm cue in the smaller assay, concluding that this design could prove useful as a high-throughput screening tool. We also investigated a novel odor identified in sea lamprey skin, petromyzonacil, and found no behavioral effects to this odor on its own or in synergy with putrescine. Our results show limited evidence that putrescine acts as robust repellent for sea lamprey and highlight the importance of environmental context when interpreting avoidance behavior in laboratory settings.
Characteristics of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection during successive waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in a reference hospital in Spain
Authors: Iftimie Simona , López-Azcona Ana F. , Lozano-Olmo Maria José , Hernández-Aguilera Anna , Sarrà-Moretó Salvador , Joven Jorge , Camps Jordi , Castro Antoni
Published: October 2022

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and until September 2021, Spain suffered five waves of infection, the latter being related to the expansion of the Delta variant and with a high incidence. A vaccination campaign began in December 2020 and by the end of the fifth wave 77.3% of people had been fully vaccinated. Examining the changing dynamics of COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on outcomes among those hospitalized is essential. Our objective was to ascertain any differences in the characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized patients during that period compared to previous waves. We prospectively enrolled 200 consecutively admitted hospital patients from each wave and collected their clinical and demographic data from the medical records, including symptoms, comorbidities, deaths and whether they needed to be admitted to the Intensive Care Unit to receive assisted ventilation. We found that patients in the fifth wave were considerably younger than before, and the mortality rate fell from 22.5 to 2.0%. Admissions to the Intensive Care Unit decreased from 10 to 2%. Patients in the fifth wave had fewer comorbidities, and the age of the patients who died was higher than those who survived. Our results show a marked improvement in patient outcomes in the fifth wave, suggesting success of the vaccination campaign despite the explosion in cases due to the Delta variant.
Stacking ensemble learning model to predict 6-month mortality in ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Hwangbo Lee , Kang Yoon Jung , Kwon Hoon , Lee Jae Il , Cho Han-Jin , Ko Jun-Kyeung , Sung Sang Min , Lee Tae Hong
Published: October 2022

Patients with acute ischemic stroke can benefit from reperfusion therapy. Nevertheless, there are gray areas where initiation of reperfusion therapy is neither supported nor contraindicated by the current practice guidelines. In these situations, a prediction model for mortality can be beneficial in decision-making. This study aimed to develop a mortality prediction model for acute ischemic stroke patients not receiving reperfusion therapies using a stacking ensemble learning model. The model used an artificial neural network as an ensemble classifier. Seven base classifiers were K-nearest neighbors, support vector machine, extreme gradient boosting, random forest, naive Bayes, artificial neural network, and logistic regression algorithms. From the clinical data in the International Stroke Trial database, we selected a concise set of variables assessable at the presentation. The primary study outcome was all-cause mortality at 6 months. Our stacking ensemble model predicted 6-month mortality with acceptable performance in ischemic stroke patients not receiving reperfusion therapy. The area under the curve of receiver-operating characteristics, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the stacking ensemble classifier on a put-aside validation set were 0.783 (95% confidence interval 0.758–0.808), 71.6% (69.3–74.2), 72.3% (69.2–76.4%), and 70.9% (68.9–74.3%), respectively.
Facile Synthesis of chitosan-g-PVP/f-MWCNTs for application in Cu(II) ions removal and for bacterial growth inhibition in aqueous solutions
Authors: Rabie Samira T. , Mohamed Yasser Mahmoud A. , Abdel-Monem Reham A. , Nazer Hossam A. El
Published: October 2022

Herein in this study, chitosan-grafted-4-vinylpyridine (Cs-g-PVP) and two polymeric hybrids of Cs-g-PVP/f-MWCNTs (I and II) with 3wt% and 5wt% f-MWCNTs, respectively were prepared, characterized and used as adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions in a batch process The obtained Cs-g-PVP was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to identify its surface functional groups, in addition thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to assess the thermal stability, the morphology and the elemental analysis of the obtained Cs-g-PVP and Cs-g-PVP/f-MWCNTs (I and II). Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) with mapping analysis was obtained for Cs-g-PVP/Cu and Cs-g-PVP/f-MWCNTs/Cu samples that was confirming on the performance of adsorption batch process. The applicability of Langmuir adsorption isotherms was evaluated to better understand the adsorption process. Additionally, antibacterial activity of the Cs-g-PVP and the two polymeric hybrids Cs-g-PVP/f-MWCNTs (I and II) was evaluated against three Gram + ve bacteria (Staphylococcus aurous, Bacillus Subtitles and Streptococcus faecalis) and three Gram –ve bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The results showed that the efficiency of Cs-g-PVP copolymer was improved after inclusion of the f-MWCNTs substrate towards adsorption of Cu(II) ions and antibacterial activity as well.
Nonrelevant quantum levels effecting on the current in 2-well terahertz quantum cascade lasers
Authors: Wang Li , Lin Tsung-Tse , Wang Ke , Hirayama Hideki
Published: October 2022

Recent renewed operating temperatures in terahertz quantum cascade lasers emphasize on narrowing the periodic length in a 2-well resonant-phonon design for a clean quantum level structure, in which the depopulation energy is significantly higher than one longitudinal phonon. In this study, various depopulation energies (small and large) are engineered in a 2-well design; the effect of the high-lying nonrelevant levels on the currents are systematically studied by using the non-equilibrium Green’s function method. The engineering of the depopulation energy is unable to avoid the formation of leakage channels, which are activated within at least three neighboring periods via sequential close tunneling. However, a large depopulation energy relaxes the thermal backfilling process; as a result, the net leakages at high temperatures can be significantly suppressed. In addition, pre-alignment remains a critical issue in the design when using a large depopulation energy, which requires improved engineering for the barriers to obtain better laser dynamics.
Effects of Rhizophagus intraradices on soybean yield and the composition of microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of continuous cropping soybean
Authors: Jie Weiguang , Yang Dongying , Yao Yanxuan , Guo Na
Published: October 2022

Soybean (Glycine max L.) is an important oil and economic crop in the world. However, soybean continuous cropping may lead to the decline of soybean yield and quality. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Rhizophagus intraradices on soybean growth/yield, root rot disease index, and the composition of microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of continuous cropping soybean at the R8 stage. The results showed that the 100-seed weight, seed-yield per plant, yield per 0.04 hectare, pods per plant, seed number per plant, branch number, plant height, and fresh weight of root and shoot, and disease index of soybean root rot were significantly affected by the inoculation of R. intraradices and soybean continuous cropping. The growth/yield indexes of soybean were the highest in the inoculated soybean plants under non-continuous cropping. Inoculation of R. intraradices and soybean continuous cropping significantly decreased and increased the disease index of soybean root rot, respectively. Bacterial diversity levels in the rhizosphere soil of continuous cropping soybean were lower than those in non-continuous cropping soybean. Furthermore, it also showed that inoculation of R. intraradices could increase the bacterial and fungal diversity in rhizosphere soil of soybean. It also showed that both inoculation and soybean continuous cropping had effects on the composition of microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of soybean. Proteobacteria and Ascomycota were the most dominant bacterial and fungal phylum in all samples, respectively. The results would contribute to evaluating the biocontrol potential of R. intraradices against soybean root rot disease, increase soybean yield and improve the composition of microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of continuous cropping soybean.
Obesity-related biomarkers underlie a shared genetic architecture between childhood body mass index and childhood asthma
Authors: Han Xikun , Zhu Zhaozhong , Xiao Qian , Li Jun , Hong Xiumei , Wang Xiaobin , Hasegawa Kohei , Camargo Carlos A. , Liang Liming
Published: October 2022

Obesity and asthma are both common diseases with high population burden worldwide. Recent genetic association studies have shown that obesity is associated with asthma in adults. The relationship between childhood obesity and childhood asthma, and the underlying mechanisms linking obesity to asthma remain to be clarified. In the present study, leveraging large-scale genetic data from UK biobank and several other data sources, we investigated the shared genetic components between body mass index (BMI,n = 39620) in children and childhood asthma (ncase = 10524,ncontrol = 373393). We included GWAS summary statistics for nine obesity-related biomarkers to evaluate potential biological mediators underlying obesity and asthma. We found a genetic correlation (Rg = 0.10,P = 0.02) between childhood BMI and childhood asthma, whereas the genetic correlation between adult BMI (n = 371541) and childhood asthma was null (Rg = −0.03,P = 0.21). Genomic structural equation modeling analysis further provided evidence that the genetic effect of childhood BMI on childhood asthma (standardized effect size 0.17,P = 0.009) was not driven by the genetic component of adult BMI. Bayesian colocalization analysis identified a shared causal variant rs12436181 that was mapped to geneAMNusing gene expression data in lung tissue. Mendelian randomization showed that the odds ratio of childhood asthma for one standard deviation higher of childhood BMI was 1.13 (95% confidence interval: 0.96–1.34). A systematic survey of obesity-related biomarkers showed that IL-6 and adiponectin are potential biological mediators linking obesity and asthma in children. This large-scale genetic study provides evidence that unique childhood obesity pathways could lead to childhood asthma. The findings shed light on childhood asthma pathogenic mechanisms and prevention.
Benthic exometabolites and their ecological significance on threatened Caribbean coral reefs
Authors: Weber Laura , Soule Melissa Kido , Longnecker Krista , Becker Cynthia C , Huntley Naomi , Kujawinski Elizabeth B , Apprill Amy
Published: October 2022

Benthic organisms are the architectural framework supporting coral reef ecosystems, but their community composition has recently shifted on many reefs. Little is known about the metabolites released from these benthic organisms and how compositional shifts may influence other reef life, including prolific microorganisms. To investigate the metabolite composition of benthic exudates and their ecological significance for reef microbial communities, we harvested exudates from six species of Caribbean benthic organisms including stony corals, octocorals, and an invasive encrusting alga, and subjected these exudates to untargeted and targeted metabolomics approaches using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Incubations with reef seawater microorganisms were conducted to monitor changes in microbial abundances and community composition using 16 S rRNA gene sequencing in relation to exudate source and three specific metabolites. Exudates were enriched in amino acids, nucleosides, vitamins, and indole-based metabolites, showing that benthic organisms contribute labile organic matter to reefs. Furthermore, exudate compositions were species-specific, and riboflavin and pantothenic acid emerged as significant coral-produced metabolites, while caffeine emerged as a significant invasive algal-produced metabolite. Microbial abundances and individual microbial taxa responded differently to exudates from stony corals and octocorals, demonstrating that exudate mixtures released from different coral species select for specific bacteria. In contrast, microbial communities did not respond to individual additions of riboflavin, pantothenic acid, or caffeine. This work indicates that recent shifts in benthic organisms alter exudate composition and likely impact microbial communities on coral reefs.
High coke deposition resistance by Cr loading on zeolite defects: reduced regeneration in cracking reactions
Authors: Kokuryo Shinya , Tamura Kazuya , Miyake Koji , Uchida Yoshiaki , Miyamoto Manabu , Oumi Yasunori , Mizusawa Atsushi , Kubo Tadashi , Nishiyama Norikazu
Published: October 2022

This study is one of the few to develop a strategy that inhibits coke deposition by loading Cr on zeolite defects. We revealed that Cr6+ species, which interacted with hydroxyl groups in the zeolite framework inhibited coke deposition.
Manganese N,N,N-pincer complex-catalyzed epoxidation of unactivated aliphatic olefins
Authors: Verspeek Dennis , Ahrens Sebastian , Spannenberg Anke , Wen Xiaodong , Yang Yong , Li Yong-Wang , Junge Kathrin , Beller Matthias
Published: October 2022

Combination of quinoline with an in situ generated manganese pincer catalyst enables selective epoxidation of aliphatic olefins in good yields.
Multifunctional sound-absorbing and mechanical metamaterials via a decoupled mechanism design approach
Authors: Li Zhendong , Li Xinwei , Wang Zhonggang , Zhai Wei
Published: October 2022

We report a new paradigm, via a decoupled approach, in the design of acousto-mechanical multifunctional metamaterials.
Ad aurum: tunable transfer of N-heterocyclic carbene complexes to gold surfaces
Authors: Dominique Nathaniel L. , Chen Ran , Santos Alyssa V. B. , Strausser Shelby L. , Rauch Theodore , Kotseos Chandler Q. , Boggess William C. , Jensen Lasse , Jenkins David M. , Camden Jon P.
Published: October 2022

The exceptional stability of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) monolayers on gold surfaces and nanoparticles (AuNPs) is enabling new and diverse applications from catalysis to biomedicine.
Mechanism and principle of doping: realizing of silver incorporation in CdS thin filmviadoping concentration effect
Authors: Najm A. S , Aljuhani Abdulwahab , Naeem Hasanain Salah , Sopian K. , Ismail Raid A. , Holi Araa Mebdir , Sabri Laith S. , Abdullah AL-Zahrani Asla , Rasheed Rashed Taleb , Moria Hazim
Published: October 2022

A high-quality buffer layer serves as one of the most significant issues that influences the efficiency of solar cells.
Simultaneous laser-based graphitization and microstructuring of bamboo for supercapacitors derived from renewable resources
Authors: Miyakoshi Rikuto , Hayashi Shuichiro , Terakawa Mitsuhiro
Published: October 2022

Environmentally-friendly supercapacitors fabricated by the simultaneous patterning and microstructuring of laser-induced graphene on bamboo.
Spatial disposition of square-planar mononuclear nodes in metal–organic frameworks for C2H2/CO2separation
Authors: Zeng Heng , Xie Xiao-Jing , Wang Ying , Luo Dong , Wei Rong-Jia , Lu Weigang , Li Dan
Published: October 2022

C2H2/CO2separation is a challenging industrial process. We report a microporous MOF (JNU-4a) with square-planar mononuclear copper(ii) centers, allowing for a record high C2H2capture capacity from an equimolar C2H2/CO2mixture.
Unmasking the structure of a chiral cubic thermotropic liquid crystal phase by a combination of soft and tender resonant X-ray scattering
Authors: Grabovac Timon , Gorecka Ewa , Zhu Chenhui , Pociecha Damian , Vaupotič Nataša
Published: October 2022

A resonant X-ray scattering for two structural models of a chiral cubic liquid crystalline phase with a giant unit cell is studied theoretically and compared to experimental measurements.
Triggering highly conductive FePSe3 with Cu-based coordination towards all-climate ultrafast sodium ion storage
Authors: Yuan Shaohui , Zhao Wenqing , Zeng Zihao , Dong Yu , Jiang Feng , Wang Li , Yang Yue , Zhu Jinliang , Ji Xiaobo , Ge Peng
Published: October 2022

Anion-rich FePSe3 were successfully prepared, displaying considerable conductivity. Used as SIBs anodes without conductive agents, it showed excellent electrochemical properties at RT/LT, resulted from in situ formation of Cu–(DEGDME)n coordination.
Ultrahigh-capacity and dendrite-free lithium metal anodes enabled by lithiophilic bimetallic oxides
Authors: Yang Yang , Cao Jiaqi , Li Wangyang , Zhang Qiaoli , Xie Yonghui , Lai Yunda , Cheng Shuying , Qu Baihua , Peng Dong-Liang , Wang Xinghui
Published: October 2022

A new class of lithiophilic materials, bimetallic oxides, have been developed for stable lithium metal anodes, and the obtained Li-ZnMn2O4@CC exhibits stable stripping/plating behavior at a high areal capacity up to 20 mA h cm−2.
Revealing the size-dependent electrochemical Li-storage behaviors of SiO-based anodes
Authors: Li Yang , Zhou Hongmin , Lin Ning , Qian Yitai
Published: October 2022

The size-dependent electrochemical behaviors in terms of the irreversibility/reversibility of electrochemical lithiation/delithiation, interfacial/bulk stability and the interplays between SiO and graphite particles are investgated.
Exploring the fluorescence enhancement of the split G-quadruplex towards DNA-templated AgNCs and their application in omethoate detection
Authors: Yin Li , Zhang Hui , Wang Ying , He Liang , Lu Lihua
Published: October 2022

Based on the enhancement of split G-quadruplex on the fluorescence of DNA-templated AgNCs, a facile label-free and enzyme-free omethoate detection platform has been successfully constructed through the interaction between split G4 with DNA-AgNCs.
Uniaxial negative thermal expansion in the [(CH3)2NH2]PbBr3 hybrid perovskite
Authors: Rodríguez-Hernández Juan S. , P. Gómez Mayra A. , Abreu D. S. , Nonato Ariel , da Silva Rosivaldo Xavier , García-Fernández Alberto , Señarís-Rodríguez María A. , Sánchez-Andújar Manuel , Ayala A. P. , Paschoal C. W. A.
Published: October 2022

The [(CH3)2NH2]PbBr3 perovskite exhibits an unusual thermal expansion, and we propose a novel thermomechanical mechanism that differs from the typical “wine-rack”. Also, we probed the presence of an H-bond between the DMA cation and the framework.
Silver nanocube dimer nanojunctions as plasmon-enhanced Raman sensors
Authors: Peng Shih-Lun , Chen Gang-Yi , Hsu Su-Wen
Published: October 2022

The enhancement factor of the Raman signal in nanojunctions under the plasmon-induced electromagnetic field can be tuned by (1) the conformation of nanojunctions; (2) the conductivity of the ligands/matrices; (3) the irradiation intensity.
Accelerating PLQY and RISC rates in deep-blue TADF materials with the acridin-9(10H)-one acceptor by tuning the peripheral groups on carbazole donors
Authors: Mei Yongqiang , Liu Di , Li Jiuyan , Wang Jiahui
Published: October 2022

By tuning the peripheral groups on carbazole to increase the donor strength, the ΔEST, ΔETT and SOC are simultaneously optimized to facilitate the RISC and radiative transition. The EQE of 17.4% with CIE (0.15, 0.11) is realized in OLEDs.
Retracted: Object detection and recognition using deep learning‐based techniques
Authors: Sharma Preksha , Gupta Surbhi , Vyas Sonali , Shabaz Mohammad
Published: October 2022

The above article from IET Communications, published online on 17 October 2022 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the Interim Editor‐in‐Chief, Jian Ren, the Institution of Engineering and Technology (the IET) and John Wiley and Sons Ltd. This article was published as part of a Guest Edited special issue. Following an investigation, the IET and the journal have determined that the article was not reviewed in line with the journal's peer review standards and there is evidence that the peer review process of the special issue underwent systematic manipulation. Accordingly, we cannot vouch for the integrity or reliability of the content. As such we have taken the decision to retract the article. The authors have been informed of the decision to retract.
A novel noise reduction technique for underwater acoustic signals based on dual‐path recurrent neural network
Authors: Song Yongqiang , Liu Feng , Shen Tongsheng
Published: October 2022

A dual‐path recurrent neural network model is proposed to achieve noise reduction of underwater acoustic signals, which consists of three steps: feature extraction, mask separation, and signal recovery. For feature extraction, we use a multi‐scale convolutional neural network to extract higher‐order non‐linear features of the input signal and chunk the obtained non‐linear features into subvectors with fixed lengths according to the temporal dimension. In the mask separation, two recurrent neural networks based on constructing a dual‐path network, a bidirectional network for extracting intra‐features, and a directional network for extracting inter‐features is build. Finally, overlapping and permutation neural networks are used to recover the denoised acoustic signal. By comparing different denoising methods, it can be seen that this method is effective in underwater acoustic signals. By evaluating the two tasks of the ShipsEar dataset, this model can improve the signal‐to‐noise ratio by 12.02 and 9.48 dB, respectively.
Fractional‐order sliding mode attitude coordinated control for spacecraft formation flying with unreliable wireless communication
Authors: Wu Fan , Liu Ming , Feng Zhenyu , Cao Xibin
Published: October 2022

This paper investigates the coordinated attitude control problem with fractional order sliding mode control theory for spacecraft formation flying by considering of unknown disturbance, inertia uncertainty, partial loss of actuators, and communication delay. Two types of fractional order sliding mode control laws are proposed to solve the considered design problem. The first one is based on the Chebyshev neural network technique, and the second one is involved with the integral‐type and super‐twisting sliding mode control methods. Compared to traditional sliding mode control methods, the developed fractional order sliding mode control strategies can achieve a faster convergence speed. Simulation results based on a group of three spacecrafts are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed coordinated attitude control approaches.
A geometric approach to reach‐avoid games with time limits
Authors: Chen Xi , Yu Jianqiao , Yang Di , Niu Kang
Published: October 2022

The differential games have been widely used to analyze the conflicts between intelligent agents. Motivated by the fact that the agents always have finite energy or time requirements, a novel reach‐avoid game with time limits is investigated in this work. The attacker aims to reach the target region without being captured or reaching its time limit, while the defender strives to intercept the attacker or delay it. This game is beyond the scope of the classical Hamilton‐Jacobi‐Isaacs (HJI) approach. To make the problem possible to solve, we introduce the concept of reaching region and provide the optimal strategies of the players based on it. Using these strategies, we construct a hypersurface, called the barrier, in the game state space which partitions it into two parts that lead to different outcomes of the game. In this work, the complete analytical expressions of the barrier in all possible situations are provided. The game results can be obtained by substituting the initial states into the related expression and there is barely any computational burden. Compare to the existing works, the game with time limits is more practical. Also, this work provides the foundation for analyzing general multiple‐attacker‐multiple‐defender games.
Optimization algorithm for low‐light image enhancement based on Retinex theory
Authors: Yang Jie , Wang Jun , Dong LinLu , Chen ShuYuan , Wu Hao , Zhong YaWen
Published: October 2022

To improve the visual quality of low‐light images and discover hidden details in images, an image enhancement algorithm is proposed, which is based on a fast and robust fuzzy C‐means (FRFCM) clustering algorithm combined with Retinex theory. The algorithm is based on Retinex theory to solve the above problems as followings: Firstly, the initial illumination estimation image is constructed by max‐RGB and segmented by FRFCM algorithm. Secondly, initial illumination estimation image and its segmented image linearly fused with a certain proportion is to obtain the optimized illumination estimation image, then is smoothed by guided filtering. Finally, reflected image is obtained by Retinex theory and the edge details of the image by equal ratio are enhanced, showing the enhanced image rich in detail texture. In order to verify the proposed algorithm, a large number of low‐light image datasets are applied to test the proposed algorithm. And the effects of image enhancement of the algorithm and other existing enhanced algorithms are also compared. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm performs well in both subjective and objective evaluation, especially the good ability to keep meticulous of details and colour retention.
QTMT‐LNN: A fast intra CU partition using lightweight neural network for 360‐degree video coding on VVC
Authors: Sun Zhewen , Yu Li , Peng Wei
Published: October 2022

In the newest generation of video coding standard, Versatile Video Coding (VVC), a new technique called Quad Tree with nested Multi‐type Tree (QTMT) structure is introduced. QTMT significantly improves the coding efficiency, but the improvement in compression performance comes at the cost of drastically increased complexity. This paper proposes a fast intra partition algorithm using Lightweight Neural Network (LNN) to skip QTMT partition steps which are unlikely to be chosen as the best split modes. Specifically, five LNNs (for five QTMT split modes) are trained, using features that consider the characteristic of 360‐degree videos. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed QTMT‐LNN can reduce the encoding time from 52.28% to 72.17% on average, with coding efficiency losses ranging from 0.71% to 1.78%. Compared to other fast algorithms for intra coding unit (CU) partition, the method outperforms the related works in terms of Bjontegaard delta bit‐rate (BDBR) and encoding time reduction.
Mechanical vibration monitoring system for electrocardiogram machine based on Hilbert‐Huang transformations
Authors: Yongbo Zhu , Lijun Xu , Samori Issah Abubakari
Published: October 2022

The monitoring of health and the technologies that are related to it are an exciting area of research. The paper proposes a mechanical manufacturing vibration monitoring system that is based on Hilbert‐Huang transformation (HHT) feature extraction to monitor the running state of the spindle of a mechanical numerical control (NC) machine tool of an electrocardiogram (ECG) machine. Real‐time monitoring of the time–frequency characteristic quantity of the spindle vibration signal for ECG signals has been made possible due to the online empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method, which is used to obtain the time–frequency characteristic quantity of the spindle vibration signal based on HHT. The experiment shows that the frequency doubling characteristic components in the time–frequency distribution are obvious in the time interval without copper rod contact, but they disappear in the time interval during which copper rods are in contact (0.3 1.1 s, 3 4s in the figure). It has been demonstrated that the system is capable of not only accurately monitoring the characteristic quantity in the frequency domain of the vibration signal produced by the NC machine tool spindle, but also of successfully implementing the monitoring of the time–frequency characteristic quantity in real time.
Analyse der Effizienz, Kostenstruktur und Erlössituation von
freien ALT-Lappenplastiken zur
Extremitätenrekonstruktion
Authors: Behr Björn , Schlüchtermann Jörg , Radtke Jan Philipp , Rhomberg Iwo , Hellmich Susanne , Sogorski Alexander , Wagner Johannes Maximilian , Auhuber Thomas , Lehnhardt Marcus , Wallner Christoph
Published: October 2022

Einleitung Der freie Transfer einer Gewebelappenplastik mit
mikrochirurgischem Anschluss ist häufig eine tagesauslastende
Tätigkeit. Eine Standardisierung dieser Operationen gestaltet sich auf
Grund der eingeschränkten Planbarkeit des OP-Verlaufs mit einhergehender
zeitlicher Varianz immer wieder als schwierig. Dies erschwert die Planung und
damit die optimale Kapazitätsauslastung erheblich. Methoden In
den Jahren 2018–2020 wurden die Schnitt-Naht-Zeiten (SNZ) bei den in der
Klinik am häufigsten durchgeführten freien ALT-Lappenplastiken
zur Extremitätenrekonstruktion bezogen auf das Erfahrungsniveau des
Operationsteams (Kategorie 1:<50 freie Lappenplastiken, Kategorie 2:
50–200 freie Lappenplastiken, Kategorie 3:>200 freie
Lappenplastiken) und die Nebenerkrankungen der Patienten analysiert. Die
Kostenstruktur am Standort wurde mit der InEK Kostenmatrix
abgeglichen.Ergebnisse In der vorliegenden Arbeit konnte gezeigt werden,
dass im Rahmen der mikrochirurgischen Extremitätenrekonstruktion das
Erfahrungsniveau des Operationsteams einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die SNZ
hat. Bei ALT-Lappenplastiken waren unter Berücksichtigung von
Komplikationen Kategorie 2 Operateure durchschnittlich 45 Minuten, Kategorie 3
Operateure 167 Minuten schneller. Umgekehrt hatten Nebenerkrankungen keinen
signifikanten Einfluss auf die Operationsdauer. Bezogen auf die Kostensituation
zeigte sich eine zumeist defizitäre Situation in Relation zur InEK
Kostenmatrix. Eine weitere Analyse zeigte hingegen, dass die SNZ für
freie Lappenplastiken im Durchschnitt, die
Personalkosten/Schnitt-Naht-Minute unseres Krankenhauses knapp unter dem
Bundesdurchschnitt lagen. Die Kosten für einen mikrochirurgischen
Weiterbildungseingriff liegen nach dieser Berechnung in der
Größenordnung von 1000 €/Fall. Diskussion
& Schlussfolgerung Freie Lappenplastiken zur
Extremitätenrekonstruktion sind nicht komplett adäquat im
deutschen DRG-System abgebildet. Bezogen auf die Weiterbildung konnte gezeigt
werden, dass diese bedingt durch längere SNZ nicht kostenneutral ist.
Durch Hinterlegung der identifizierten operateurbedingten Zeiten im
Krankenhausinformationssystem sollte eine bessere Vorgabezeitgüte mit
aufgewerteter Termintreue und effizienterer Auslastung der wertvollen Ressource
OP-Kapazität resultieren.
The internal trabecular bone structure of the odontoid process of the axis. A retrospective single-center comparative study in patients following cervical trauma.
Authors: Montemurro Nicola , Cocciaro Ardico , Liberti Gaetano , Cosottini Mirco , Perrini Paolo
Published: October 2022

Background Odontoid C2 fractures account for 9% to 15% of adult cervical spine fractures. The aim of this study is to report the incidence of a previous described Y-shaped trabecular bone structure (TBS) in the odontoid process in a larger sample of patients who performed a CT cervical scan following a cervical trauma to investigate if its absence can increase the risk of the odontoid process fracture of the axis.
Methods A retrospective review of 245 patients who performed a CT cervical scan in our University Hospital, as results of cervical spine injury, was performed during a 12-month period between May 2020 and May 2021.
Results The presence of a Y-shaped TBS at the odontocentral synchondrosis level was observed in 165 patients that is 67.3% of whole population included in this study. Eighteen patients (7.3%) reported an odontoid type II C2 fracture. Among patients with odontoid type II C2 fracture, the Y-shaped TBS at the odontocentral synchondrosis level was observed in 8 (44.4%) of them. The presence of the Y-shaped TBS at the odontocentral synchondrosis level was statistically more frequently observed in patients without odontoid process fracture (69.2% Vs 30.8%) compared to patients who developed odontoid process fracture (44.4 % Vs 55.6%) after a cervical trauma (p = 0.03).
Conclusions This study showed the crucial role of this Y-shaped TBS in biomechanical structural dynamics of the C1-C2 joint and its significant clinical relevance in odontoid fractures of the axis.
Evaluation of the risk factors for recurrence and the development of epilepsy in patients with febrile seizure
Authors: Civan Ahmet Burak , Ekici Arzu , Havali Cengiz , Kiliç Nevin , Bostanci Muharrem
Published: October 2022

Background Although febrile seizure (FS) is generally considered benign and self-limiting, there are differences regarding the risk factors, the prognosis, and the development of epilepsy.

Objective To examine the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients diagnosed with FS, and to determine the risks of recurrence and the development of epilepsy.

Methods Between 2015 and 2019, we performed a retrospective evaluation of 300 patients with FS followed for at least 24 months.

Results The first episode of FS was simple in 72.7% of the patients and complex in 27.3%, and it recurred in 40%. Age under 12 months in the first FS, complex FS, and neurodevelopmental delay were found to statistically increase the risk of recurrence (p < 0.05). A total of 7% of the patients developed epilepsy, and this rate was found to be higher in patients with neurodevelopmental delay and long-term use of antiepileptic drugs (p < 0.001). The development of epilepsy was also observed in 77.8% of the patients with abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG). Epilepsy developed more frequently in those with abnormal EEG (p<0.001).

Conclusions Neurodevelopmental delay was an important risk factor for FS recurrence and the development of epilepsy. Abnormality in the EEG is an important risk factor for the development of epilepsy. We found that the long-term prophylactic treatment did not cause decreases in the recurrence of FS nor in the development of epilepsy.
Store-and-forward teleneurology results in a large Brazilian city
Authors: Scavasine Valéria Cristina , Ribas Michelle Zonkowski , Augustin Gabriella , Zetola Viviane de Hiroki Flumignan , Ducci Renata Dal-Prá , Lange Marcos Christiano
Published: October 2022

Background Neurology is a high-demand specialty with long waiting lines. Some pathologies require rapid decision-making. Through technology, telemedicine can allow neurological patients to have faster access to specialized assessment. In store-and-forward telemedicine, the specialist physician evaluates data collected by a general practitioner and optimizes screening.

Objective The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of asynchronous telemedicine, used to refer patients from primary care to neurology, in the city of Curitiba, in southern Brazil.

Methods A retrospective analysis of all patients referred from primary care to neurology between September 2019 and February 2020. After a request is made by a general medical doctor for a specialist's opinion, 5 neurologists with complete access to patients' records are tasked with the decision-making. The main variables analyzed were clinical reasons for telemedicine request, neurologist decision, final diagnosis, indication for diagnostic procedures, and subsequent follow-up.

Results Between September 2019 and February 2020, 1,035 asynchronous telemedicine consultations were performed. Headache (30.43%), epilepsy (19.03%), and dementia (15.85%) accounted for almost two-thirds of the primary care requests; one-third of the cases (33.62%) required a complementary diagnostic procedure. More than 70% of the cases did not require face-to-face assessment by a neurologist.

Conclusions In this study, store-and-forward teleneurology successfully reduced the need for in-visit consultation in 70% of cases. Further studies should identify the best opportunities for teleneurology in the city of Curitiba to facilitate better integrated care between primary care providers and neurologists.
Paul Bouts and the Short Life of Psychognomy in Brazil
Authors: André Charles
Published: October 2022

Paul Bouts (1900–1999) was a Belgian pedagogue, a Roman Catholic priest, and the founder of Psychognomy, which is a personality diagnostic system combining phrenology and several related practices – typology, craniofacial measurements, physiognomy, graphology etc. Bouts had a fragile health; therefore, it is unlikely that he travelled to Brazil. Despite this, his most famous book, rich in conservative and religious thoughts, was translated to Portuguese and published with ecclesiastic support in 1943, and the doctrine acquired good reputation among Brazilian members of the clergy, politicians, teachers, and military personnel. Lay scholars and medical doctors founded a Brazilian institute devoted to the study and diffusion of psychognomy in 1949. They published two volumes of a psychognomy treatise, and the institute was active until the early 1960s, when social interest in the subject rapidly vanished.
Characterization of the nigroestriatal system in a sample of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Monsalve Claudio Alejandro Jimenez , Fornari Luis Henrique Tieppo , Júnior Neivo da Silva , Nakata Douglas Tomio , Neto Eurípedes Gomes de Carvalho , Rotta Francisco Tellechea , Rieder Carlos Roberto de Mello
Published: October 2022

Background The coexistence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with clinical forms of Parkinson disease (PD), although uncommon, is found to a greater degree than one would expect by chance. The pathological mechanisms of ALS and PD are still not fully understood, and the coexistence of these two diseases suggests that they could share mechanisms in common.

Objective Here we present a sample of patients with clinically definitive or probable ALS who were evaluated with single-photon emission computed tomography SPECT/TRODAT and compared with non-ALS controls.

Methods Patients with clinically definite or probable ALS were assessed with the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis functional rating scale (ALSFRS) to define severity and had their demographic data collected. The TRODAT results of patients with ALS were compared with those of patients with a diagnosis of PD with less than 10 years of duration, and with patients with a diagnosis of others movement disorders not associated with neurodegenerative diseases.

Results A total of 75% of patients with ALS had TRODAT results below the levels considered normal; that was also true for 25% of the patients in the control group without neurodegenerative disease, and for 100% of the patients in the PD group. A statistically significant difference was found between patients with ALS and the control group without neurodegenerative disease in the TRODAT values < 0.05.

Conclusions Our study fits with the neuropathological and functional evidence that demonstrates the existence of nigrostriatal dysfunction in patients with ALS. Further research to better understand the role of these changes in the pathophysiological process of ALS needs to be performed.
Validation of ketogenic diet adherence questionnaire: Keto-check
Authors: Neri Lenycia de Cassya Lopes , Sampaio Letícia Pereira de Brito
Published: October 2022

Background The ketogenic diet is a therapeutic option to control drug-resistant epileptic seizures and has difficult compliance standards due to adverse effects, psychosocial factors, or dietary restriction.

Objective To create and validate a ketogenic diet compliance questionnaire.

Methods Methodological study, convergent care. The instrument was analyzed (construct validation) by five judges during two cycles of the Delphi technique. The judges assessed the relevance and clarity by using the Likert scale with three levels and made suggestions. The validation of the instrument was calculated using the agreement rate and content validity index (CVI). The application by two nutritionists made it possible to test reproducibility using the Kappa coefficient. When comparing the classification with a template developed by the health professionals who cared for the patients in question, the Pearson correlation and Fisher exact tests were used. For the reliability test, self-applied data were collected and evaluated using Cronbach Alpha coefficient.

Results The questionnaire initially created with 11 multiple choice questions on a Likert scale was reduced to 10 questions with an agreement rate and the CVI classified as excellent after two rounds with judges. In the application of the tool, a kappa of 0.6087 was obtained, a Pearson that showed no significant difference between evaluators and a Cronbach α of 0.6483, with substantial consistency.

Conclusions This work resulted in the creation of an unprecedented and reliable questionnaire on adherence to the national ketogenic diet. Further studies should be performed to extrapolate the use of this questionnaire in different populations.
Occlusal Analysis in Natural Dentition: Systematic Review
Authors: Velásquez Byron , Rodríguez María , Mosquera Verónica , Álvarez Eddy , Chauca Luis , Mena Alexandra
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of conventional occlusal analysis in contrast with digital occlusal analysis in natural dentition. Occlusal analysis allows the identification of normal and abnormal occlusal contact points that alter the craniomandibular cervical system. We searched for articles with keywords [[dental occlusion]], [[natural dentition]], [[occlusal adjustment]], [[Immediate Complete Anterior Guidance Development]] [[mastication]], [[bite force]], [[premature contact]], [[occlusal balance]] [[articulating paper]]], [[spray]], [[Occlusal contacts]], and [[bite strength]]. They were considered observational , odds ratio and case control studies. We found 189 items. After evaluating the abstracts and full texts of the articles, 10 papers met the inclusion criteria. It was found that occlusal analysis allows the identification of the relationship between poor occlusion and the sensitivity of the teeth due to occlusal trauma, which is also related to temporomandibular joint pain in dynamic occlusion. The contacts of greater strength were observed in nonfunctional cusps, 48%, without ruling out the functional cusps, 24%. Despite being the universal method of occlusal control to date, the use of joint paper, remains subjective compared to the digital occlusal control device. Posture is considered directly related to occlusal trauma and temporomandibular disorders; without proper occlusal analysis, a clear diagnosis of the patient's joint condition cannot be obtained. Digital occlusal analysis is more objective than traditional occlusal analysis.
The expulsion of Augusta Dejerine-Klumpke from the Salpêtrière Hospital: Pierre Marie's revenge
Authors: de Vieira Igor Vieira , Batista Filho Emerson Luis , Ferreira Matheus Gomes , Camargo Carlos Henrique Ferreira , Coutinho Léo , Walusinski Olivier , Teive Hélio Afonso Ghizoni
Published: October 2022

Augusta Dejerine-Klumpke was ahead of her time, with extensive contributions to the field of neuroanatomy and neurology, achieving international recognition. Despite her great contribution to world neurology, she was expelled from the Salpêtrière hospital in 1917, due to the rivalry and mutual hatred between Pierre Marie and his rival Jules Déjerine, her husband and collaborator.