bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Are treatment options used for adult-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (equally) available and effective for children and adolescents?
Authors: Krnic Nevena , Sesa Vibor , Mrzljak Anna , Berkovic Maja Cigrovski
Published: April 2024

Youth-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), influenced by an increase in obesity, is a rising problem worldwide. Pathophysiological mechanisms of this early-onset T2DM include both peripheral and hepatic insulin resistance, along with increased hepatic fasting glucose production accompanied by inadequate first and second-phase insulin secretion. Moreover, the incretin effect is reduced. The initial presentation of type 2 diabetes can be dramatic and symptoms may overlap with those of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, immediate therapy should address hyperglycemia and associated metabolic derangements irrespective of ultimate diabetes type, while further therapy adjustments are prone to patients’ phenotype. New agents with proven glycemic and beyond glycemia benefits, such as Glucagon-like polypeptide 1 receptor agonists and Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, used in the adult population of T2DM patients, might become increasingly important in the treatment armamentarium. Moreover, metabolic surgery is an option for markedly obese (body mass index > 35 kg/m2) children and adolescents suffering from T2DM who have uncontrolled glycemia and/or serious comorbidities when lifestyle and pharmacologic interventions fail. In this mini-review, we will discuss the potential of treatment options considering new data available from randomized control trials, including individuals with adult-onset type diabetes mellitus.
Influence of blood glucose fluctuations on chemotherapy efficacy and safety in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients complicated with lung carcinoma
Authors: Fang Tian-Zheng , Wu Xian-Qiao , Zhao Ting-Qi , Wang Shan-Shan , Fu Guo-Mei-Zhi , Wu Qing-Long , Zhou Cheng-Wei
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have large fluctuations in blood glucose (BG), abnormal metabolic function and low immunity to varying degrees, which increases the risk of malignant tumor diseases and affects the efficacy of tumor chemotherapy. Controlling hyperglycemia may have important therapeutic implications for cancer patients.

AIM

To clarify the influence of BG fluctuations on chemotherapy efficacy and safety in T2DM patients complicated with lung carcinoma (LC).

METHODS

The clinical data of 60 T2DM + LC patients who presented to the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University between January 2019 and January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent chemotherapy and were grouped as a control group (CG; normal BG fluctuation with a mean fluctuation < 3.9 mmol/L) and an observation group (OG; high BG fluctuation with a mean fluctuation ≥ 3.9 mmol/L) based on their BG fluctuations, with 30 cases each. BG-related indices, tumor markers, serum inflammatory cytokines and adverse reactions were comparatively analyzed. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between BG fluctuations and tumor markers.

RESULTS

The fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels in the OG were notably elevated compared with those in the CG, together with markedly higher mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), mean of daily differences, largest amplitude of glycemic excursions and standard deviation of blood glucose (P < 0.05). In addition, the OG exhibited evidently higher levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9, carbohydrate antigen 125, carcinoembryonic antigen, neuron-specific enolase, cytokeratin 19, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein than the CG (P < 0.05). Pearson analysis revealed a positive association of MAGE with serum tumor markers. The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly higher in the OG than in the CG (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

The greater the BG fluctuation in LC patients after chemotherapy, the more unfavorable the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy; the higher the level of tumor markers and inflammatory cytokines, the more adverse reactions the patient experiences.
Construction and validation of a neovascular glaucoma nomogram in patients with diabetic retinopathy after pars plana vitrectomy
Authors: Shi Yi , Zhang Yan-Xin , Jiao Ming-Fei , Ren Xin-Jun , Hu Bo-Jie , Liu Ai-Hua , Li Xiao-Rong
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is likely to occur after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for diabetic retinopathy (DR) in some patients, thus reducing the expected benefit. Understanding the risk factors for NVG occurrence and building effective risk prediction models are currently required for clinical research.

AIM

To develop a visual risk profile model to explore factors influencing DR after surgery.

METHODS

We retrospectively selected 151 patients with DR undergoing PPV. The patients were divided into the NVG (NVG occurrence) and No-NVG (No NVG occurrence) groups according to the occurrence of NVG within 6 months after surgery. Independent risk factors for postoperative NVG were screened by logistic regression. A nomogram prediction model was established using R software, and the model’s prediction accuracy was verified internally and externally, involving the receiver operator characteristic curve and correction curve.

RESULTS

After importing the data into a logistic regression model, we concluded that a posterior capsular defect, preoperative vascular endothelial growth factor ≥ 302.90 pg/mL, glycosylated hemoglobin ≥ 9.05%, aqueous fluid interleukin 6 (IL-6) ≥ 53.27 pg/mL, and aqueous fluid IL-10 ≥ 9.11 pg/mL were independent risk factors for postoperative NVG in patients with DR (P < 0.05). A nomogram model was established based on the aforementioned independent risk factors, and a computer simulation repeated sampling method was used to internally and externally verify the nomogram model. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of the model were 0.962 [95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.932-0.991], 91.5%, and 82.3%, respectively. The AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of the external validation were 0.878 (95%CI: 0.746-0.982), 66.7%, and 95.7%, respectively.

CONCLUSION

A nomogram constructed based on the risk factors for postoperative NVG in patients with DR has a high prediction accuracy. This study can help formulate relevant preventive and treatment measures.
Associations between remnant cholesterol levels and mortality in patients with diabetes
Authors: Pan Deng , Xu Lin , Zhang Li-Xiao , Shi Da-Zhuo , Guo Ming
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Dyslipidemia is frequently present in patients with diabetes. The associations of remnant cholesterol and mortality remains unclear in patients with diabetes.

AIM

To explore the associations of remnant cholesterol with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes.

METHODS

This prospective cohort study included 4740 patients with diabetes who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 through 2018. Remnant cholesterol was used as the exposure variable, and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were considered outcome events. Outcome data were obtained from the National Death Index, and all participants were followed from the interview date until death or December 31, 2019. Multivariate proportional Cox regression models were used to explore the associations between exposure and outcomes, in which remnant cholesterol was modeled as both a categorical and a continuous variable. Restricted cubic splines (RCSs) were calculated to assess the nonlinearity of associations. Subgroup (stratified by sex, age, body mass index, and duration of diabetes) and a series of sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of the associations.

RESULTS

During a median follow-up duration of 83 months, 1370 all-cause deaths and 389 cardiovascular deaths were documented. Patients with remnant cholesterol levels in the third quartile had a reduced risk of all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.66 (0.52-0.85)]; however, when remnant cholesterol was modeled as a continuous variable, it was associated with increased risks of all-cause [HR (95%CI): 1.12 (1.02-1.21) per SD] and cardiovascular [HR (95%CI): 1.16 (1.01-1.32), per SD] mortality. The RCS demonstrated nonlinear associations of remnant cholesterol with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses did not reveal significant differences from the above results.

CONCLUSION

In patients with diabetes, higher remnant cholesterol was associated with increased risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, and diabetes patients with slightly higher remnant cholesterol (0.68-1.04 mmol/L) had a lower risk of all-cause mortality.
Colonoscopy in the diagnosis and management of appendiceal disease
Authors: Gao Yuan , Hu Bing
Published: April 2024

In this editorial, we comment on the article published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy . We focused on the understanding of appendiceal disease, and the various options for diagnosis and treatment via endoscopy. Some factors affecting the diagnosis and management of appendiceal diseases are also discussed. The existence of any organ has its natural rationality, and the appendix is such a magical organ. A growing number of experts and scholars have gradually come to a consensus that the appendix is not a useless evolutionary relic. There are many lymphocytes and lymph nodes in the appendix wall, which has a strong immune function, and this function is particularly important for children and adolescents. Many intestinal probiotics in the appendix are very helpful for maintaining the balance of the intestinal flora. With the continuous progress of endoscopic technology, endoscopic treatment involving preservation of the appendix has shown great advantages over surgery. In the diagnosis of appendiceal inflammation and neoplasms, colonoscopy, endoscopic retrograde appendicography and choledochoscopy help assess conditions of the appendix. Endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy, abscess drainage under colonoscopy, fenestration of abscess under colonoscopy, and endoscopic or natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery resection of appendiceal neoplasms are safe and effective endoscopic treatments for appendiceal disease. New breakthroughs in the application of endoscopy in the appendix are expected to occur in the near future.
Magnesium Alloy Welding Wire, 4.0Y - 2.3Nd - 0.7Zr (WE43B)
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: April 2024

This specification covers a magnesium alloy in the form of welding wire (see 8.6).
Magnesium Alloy Welding wire, 2.5Ag - 2.1Di - 0.70Zr (QE22A)
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: April 2024

This specification covers a magnesium alloy in the form of welding wire (see 8.5).
Magnesium Alloy Welding Wire 5.1Y - 3.0Re - 0.7Zr (WE54A)
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: April 2024

This specification covers a magnesium alloy in the form of welding wire (see 8.6).
Steel, Bars, Forgings, Mechanical Tubing and Forging Stock, 2.7Si - 0.85Cr - 1.8Ni - 0.4Mo - 0.2V - (0.37 - 0.44C) Premium Aircraft Quality, Double Vacuum Melted
Authors:   AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Published: April 2024

This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of bars, forgings, mechanical tubing, and forging stock.
J1939 Digital Annex
Authors:   Truck Bus Control and Communications Network Committee
Published: April 2024

This document is intended to supplement the SAE J1939 documents by offering the SAE J1939 information in a form that can be sorted and search for easier use.
Utilization of Cervical Cancer Screening Services and its Predictors among Health Workers in Hospitals in the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria
Authors: Okonkwo P. , Ajayi O. , Isah A. , Oladapo B.G.
Published: April 2024

Background: Cervical cancer (CC) ranks second as the leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality in Nigeria, despite being  preventable through screening. Female health workers (HCWs) are expected to be role models to motivate society towards Cervical  Cancer Screening Service (CCSS)uptake. This study assesses the utilization of CCSS and associated factors among HCWs in three area  councils of Abuja, Nigeria.

Method: A cross-sectional design aimed at assessing the utilization of CCSS by HCWs in 13 health facilities across 3 area councils in Abuja.  Study participants were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. The outcome variable was “ever used CCSS”  dichotomized into a “Yes” or “No” response. Factors associated with participants' utilization of CCSS were examined using a binary  logistic regression at p<0.05 level of statistical significance.

Results: Data from 350 participants (90.6%) were analyzed. Most were  married women, 290 (82.9%), between the ages of 21 to 30 years, 275 (78.6%). About twothirds of the participants, (237) reported ever  being screened for cervical cancer. Factors associated with CCSS utilization at the bivariate level included marital status, duration of  practice, and a negative perception regarding access to cervical cancer services. Perceived access barrier to CCSS was the only strong  predictor for CCSS utilization after controlling confounders [Adjusted Odd Ratio: 0.01, 95%CI: 0.01 – 0.03].

Conclusion: The perceived  access barrier is a strong determinant of the CCSS utilization rate among HCWs in our study site Efforts should be made to ensure access  and create awareness about service availability and accessibility among HCWs in the Federal Capital Territory.
Management outcome of a COVID-19 Positive Child with Multiple Contacts admitted in a General Intensive Care Unit-A Case Report
Authors: Olateju Simeon Olugbade
Published: April 2024

COVID-19 infection in paediatric patients is relatively low in Nigeria. The low index of suspicion made healthcare providers to be at risk of  contracting the disease from this age group making prevention and contact tracing difficult. We report the management of a 9-month- old male child who had palatoplasty following a prior negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening. The patient underwent palatoplasty for isolated cleft palate under general anaesthesia and endotracheal intubation. The patient was found to be desaturating  significantly on admission to the recovery room and was subsequently taken back to the theatre with multiple attempts at intubation. A  repeat PCR done was positive and subsequently, he was admitted into the ICU for ventilatory support. A chest radiograph taken on admission revealed features of severe bronchopneumonia and COVID-19 pneumonic changes. He was ventilated for 14 days and  thereafter, was discharged home on a tracheostomy in good clinical condition. The mother of the child and 20 members of staff (23.5%)  out of the 85 personnel who had close contact with the child in the course of treatment tested PCR positive. Contact tracing was difficult among those infected. They all recovered from the disease without complications. The treatment outcome in this COVID-19-positive child  was good and contact tracing was effective in reducing the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and limiting the impact of the outbreak. We  hereby recommend preventive measures against the infection, vaccination and establishment of dedicated paediatric ICU for infectious   diseases.
Intimate Partner Violence among Mothers of Children with Sickle Cell Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis of 2018 Nigeria DHS Data
Authors: Suleiman A.G. , Sufiyan M.B. , Babandi Z.S.
Published: April 2024

Background: The 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) collected data on the experience of intimate partner violence  (IPV) among women aged 15-49 years and the genotype of their children aged 6-59 months. We performed a retrospective cohort  analysis to ascertain if having a child with sickle cell disease (SCD) predisposes women to IPV.

Methods: Eighty-five mothers of children  living with SCD were compared with 320 mothers of children living without SCD after matching for age, number of living children,  religion, place of residence and wealth index. The prevalence rates of IPV and the relative risks (RRs) of experiencing controlling  behaviour, emotional, physical, sexual and any form of IPV in the 12 months preceding the survey were calculated.

Results: Compared to  mothers of children without SCD, mothers of children living with SCD were not at greater risk of experiencing controlling behaviour  (RR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.54–1.49), emotional violence (RR=1.09; 95% CI=0.78–1.53), physical violence (RR=0.75, 95% CI: 0.38–1.48), sexual  violence (RR=0.89, 95% CI: 0.31– 2.56) or any form of IPV (RR=0.98, 95% CI: 0.71–1.37).

Conclusion: The study did not find sufficient  evidence for increased risk of IPV among mothers of children living with SCD, despite the additional health, psychosocial and financial  burdens associated with raising a child with the disease. Further research is needed to address the limitations of this study and to  carefully investigate the relationship between having a child with SCD and the experience of IPV among women.
Prevalence and Forms of Sexual Abuse among Female Hawkers in Sokoto State
Authors: Ezenwoko A.Z. , Oche M.O. , Haruna A. , Bashar A.G. , Muhammad S.
Published: April 2024

Background: Sexual abuse is a public health problem affecting one-third of women in their lifetime and female hawkers are especially  vulnerable. This study assessed knowledge, prevalence and forms of sexual abuse among female hawkers in Sokoto metropolis.

Methods: A cross-sectional study among two hundred and forty-five female hawkers using a multistage sampling technique was  conducted. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information from the study participants. Data were  analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25. Continuous variables were summarized as mean and standard deviation, while categorical variables  were summarized as frequencies and percentages. Inferential statistical analysis was done using chi-square test and binary logistic  regression. The level of statistical significance was set at 5% (p<0.05).

Results: One hundred and twenty- three (50.2%) of the respondents  were within the 10-15 age group, 223 (91.2%) were single, and 64 (26.1%), had Quranic education. Two hundred and  nineteen (89.4%) and 26 (10.6%) had good and poor knowledge of sexual abuse respectively. The prevalence of sexual abuse was 24.5%; touching, verbal harassment and attempts at having intercourse were the commonest forms of sexual abuse reported. The living  arrangement of parents was the only predictor of sexual abuse (aOR= 4.282; C. I= 1.344-13.643).

Conclusion: Free and compulsory  education for children especially the girl child and economic empowerment of parents will discourage hawking by children thus limiting  the likelihood of children being exposed to sexual exploitation.
Assessing the Job Satisfaction of Some Physicians in Rwanda and the Associated Factors
Authors: Kubwimana L. , Hakizimana J.B.A. , Ishimwe N.C. , Iradukunda G.I. , Nzisabira J. , Shimelash N. , Wong R.
Published: April 2024

Background: Previous studies have shown poor job satisfaction is a major reason causing physicians to leave their jobs. Poor job  satisfaction among physicians can also affect patient health outcomes and discourage young students from pursuing a medical career.  This study assessed the level of physician job satisfaction in Rwanda and the associated factors.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross- sectional study. An online survey was conducted to assess the level of physician job satisfaction using the Physician Worklife Survey (PWS)  tool. Our sample size was 189. The tool has 41 Likert scale 5-point statements divided into ten domains. Job satisfaction was  classified as low if the average survey score was less than 3. Ethical approval was obtained from the University of Global Health Equity IRB  committee (Reference no: 0156).

Results: Out of 100 respondents who filled the tool, 50% reported poor job satisfaction. The four  domains with the most reported poor satisfaction were related to low income (87.6%), lack of personal time (76.8%), dissatisfaction with  work (75.5%), and lack of resources at the workplace (74.5%). Other causes include poor infrastructure, lack of education opportunities,  and ignored physicians’ rights. Physicians who were married, specialists, had more than two years of experience and had a second job  had better satisfaction levels.

Conclusion: Overall, satisfaction among physicians in Rwanda is low. The factors significantly associated  with lower satisfaction were salaries, workloads, and resources. The findings suggest that addressing financial incentives, workloads, and  resources may be effective in elevating physician job satisfaction in Rwanda.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Antigen-Based Rapid Test during the Fourth Wave of COVID-19 in Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Oko-oboh A.G. , Iruobe L. , Osaigbovo I.I. , Obaseki E.D.
Published: April 2024

Background: Since the use of rapid test kits for diagnosis of COVID-19, diagnostic accuracy has been of concern, particularly in resource- limited settings. This study assessed diagnostic accuracy of Abbot Panbio antigen-based rapid diagnostic test (RDT) for COVID-19 using  polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as the gold standard in Edo State, Nigeria.

Methodology: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study during the 4th wave of the pandemic in Edo State from January 5 –  February 4th, 2022. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were collected from 240 consenting participants at 10 sample collection  sites. The index test (RDT) and gold standard test (real-time reverse transcription PCR) were performed simultaneously. Sensitivity,  specificity, predictive values, and ROC analysis were conducted on the RDT compared to RT-PCR using SPSS version 26.0 software.  

Results: Thirty-six (15.0%) participants tested positive on RDT and 34 (14.2%) tested positive on PCR. RDT had a sensitivity of 73.5% (95%  CI: 66.0–81.0) and specificity of 94.7% (95% CI: 91.6-97.8) with a positive predictive value of 69.4% (95% CI: 55.8-80.7), and negative  predictive value of 95.6% (95% CI: 91.8-98.0). The area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC for the RDT against PCR was 84.1% (75.1% -  93.1%).

Conclusion: The diagnostic accuracy of the Panbio rapid antigen test for SARSCoV-2 was below WHO standards. However, they  remain useful tools for continued surveillance of the disease. Rigorous evaluations combining the results of rapid antigen tests with other  clinical information would prove useful for prompt diagnosis and surveillance of COVID-19 in Nigeria.
Antioxidant properties and effects of formulation variables on Ceiba pentandra microspheres
Authors: Ayorinde J. O. , Okonye E. O.
Published: April 2024

Background: New drug delivery techniques have improved therapeutic and physicochemical properties of herbal medicines.Objective: Extracts of Ceiba pentandra (CP) leaf have been evaluated for antioxidant properties with the aim of formulating them into microspheres and studying release of flavonoid from the dosage form.Materials and Methods: Microspheres were prepared from extracts of CP using ionotropic gelation method. Formulation parameters were varied to produce A1 to A8. Microspheres were evaluated for size, shape, yield, micrometrics, swelling, entrapment efficiency, and flavonoid release characteristics. Factorial experimentation design was used to determine the individual and interactive effects of the formulation variables on entrapment efficiency and flavonoid release. Results were analysed using ANOVA at p≤0.05.Results: The extract contained flavonoids. Microspheres were discrete, porous, spherical, with good flow. Microspheres swelled moderately and eroded within 3 hours. Entrapment efficiencies ranged from 4.17 to 19.2 %. All Formulations released 80 % of flavonoid within 6 hours, except A2, A3 and A8 which sustained flavonoid release for 24 – 26 hours. Concentration of polymer had the highest positive effect, while stirring speed had the highest negative effect on microsphere entrapment efficiency. Effect of curing time on entrapment efficiency was positive but insignificant. Polymer concentration and curing time had negative effects on flavonoid release, while stirring speed showed a positive effect.Conclusion: Extracts of Ceiba pentandra leaves possess antioxidant constituents and could be formulated into microspheres of good physicochemical properties. Concentrations of polymer and curing time are important parameters that should be considered in the formulation of CP into microspheres with sustained release potentials.
Adverse events following administration of COVID-19 vaccine among health workers in Kwara State, North Central Nigeria
Authors: Bello S. I. , Adepoju E. A. , Aliyu F. O. , Raji N.
Published: April 2024

Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a health issue of great concern. The disease has caused a substantial reduction in the workforce globally. In 2020, several vaccines were approved to prevent COVID-19 infection.Objective: This study evaluated adverse events following the administration of the COVID-19 vaccine among secondary healthcare workers in Kwara State, NigeriaMethods: This was a multicenter, and cross-sectional study conducted in eleven secondary healthcare hospitals among 348 health workers using a validated questionnaire. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained appropriately. The questionnaire was read, explained, and distributed to the respondents at each facility between December 2022 and June 2023. The forms were filled out accordingly. Appropriate statistical software was used to analyze the collected data.Results: Among the 348 respondents studied, most were females (70.4%) within the age range of 31-40 years (50.3%). Few (16.4%) of the respondents were infected, however, the majority (62.9%) were fully vaccinated. Approximately one-third (31.1%) received the AstraZeneca vaccine. The most commonly experienced adverse events were fever (34.2%), headache (33.9%), tiredness (31.0%), and general body pain (30.3%). There was a significant association between the type of vaccine administered, dose received, and adverse events experienced at p < 0.05. In addition, there was a significant correlation between adverse events and the gender of the respondents at p < 0.05.Conclusion: Some respondents experienced adverse events after administration of COVID-19 vaccination. These events were associated with the type of vaccine, dose of vaccine received, and gender.
Inferring the allometric growth coefficient of juvenile African mud catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822), using Bayesian and Frequentist regression models
Authors: Oluwale F. V.
Published: April 2024

Statistics is essential in biological and ecological scientific research. However, the default Frequentist statistics based on p-value and null hypothesis testing is often misused and misinterpreted, hence causing reproducible crises. The p-value concept deserved further examination because it has been irretrievably lost. Therefore, there is dire need for reform in the default Frequentist statistics as practiced by researchers because of the perils of p-values. Bayesian statistics, using the tools of Bayes Factors and posterior distributions derived from priors and likelihood function; rooted in Bayes’ Theorem is one of the suggested alternatives. Frequentist (least square) and Bayesian (specifying uniform Jeffreys-Zellner-Siow prior, r-scale =0.35) regression models, a standard statistical protocol in fisheries were applied to determine the allometric growth coefficient based on length (mm) and weight (g) measurements of juvenile African mud catfish, Clarias gariepinus from Epe Lagoon. The growth coefficient, b=3.20, 95% Confidence Interval [3.07, 3.34], t(96)=47.55, p<0.001 was significant with 96% explanatory power (R2=0.96).While Bayesian method, with 96% explanatory power (R2=0.96), also estimated, b=3.20, (with Credible Interval between 3.06 and 3.32). The Bayes Factor (>100) suggested the data is more plausible under the alternative model than the null model, but p-value cannot quantify evidence in support of alternative hypothesis, since p-value can only reject or fail to reject a null hypothesis. These findings suggested that juvenile C. gariepinus thrived in Epe Lagoon. Therefore, Bayesian inference is a robust substitute for Frequentist regression model in fisheries.
Morphological features and length-weight relationships of Sarotherodon galilaeus from Oyan Lake, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Odulate D. O. , Akinde A. O. , Oyetade O. P. , Atobaale O. Y. , Shorunke S. O. , Ukulu J. U.
Published: April 2024

Oyan Lake is one of the major sources of fish protein supply to many parts of Southwestern Nigeria. Investigation was conducted on the biometrics, length-weight relationship and condition factor of Sarotherodon galilaeus in Oyan Lake. Fish samples were obtained from fishermen using gillnets, hook and line, cast nets and traps. One hundred and thirty samples of S. galilaeus were collected for the study, comprising eighty-three (83) males and forty-seven (47) females with sex ratio of 1:0.57 (male:female). The mean total lengths for combined sexes, males and females were 15.5±0.15, 15.7±0.19 and 15.3±0.26cm while the mean total weights were 81.0±2.78, 83.8±0.56 and 75.9±4.70g, respectively. No significant difference (p>0.05) was observed between mean total lengths of males and females. However, mean weight of males was significantly higher (p<0.05) than females. Mean eye diameter (EYD) and length of caudal peduncle (LCP) were significantly higher (p<0.05) in females. The range of number of pectoral rays (PRA) (12-14), number of pelvic rays (PVR) (4-5), number of anal spines (ANS) (2-3) and number of pelvic spines (PEVS) (1, no range) were the same in both sexes. There was strong correlation between weight/total length (r=0.93) and total length/length of dorsal fin base (r=0.72), while there was no correlation between body depth/head length. The mean condition factor (k) were 2.07±0.02 (combined sexes), 2.08±0.03 (males) and 2.03±0.03 (females). Growth was isometric for both sexes: males, 3.24 and females, 3.06. The results suggested that Oyan Lake is suitable for S. galilaeus.
Ecto- and helminths of Columba livia and Streptopelia roseogrisea in Alimosho community, Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Okoh E. U. , Idowu E. T. , Akinsanya B. , Okwuzu J. O.
Published: April 2024

Fifty wild columbids (25 each of Columba livia and Streptopelia roseogrisea) were trapped in Alimosho, Lagos State, Nigeria from January to June 2022 and examined for ectoparasites and intestinal helminths following standard procedures. Three (6%) of the birds were infested with two species of ectoparasites. Prevalence and mean intensity of infection were: Gonoides gigas 6% and 0.34±SD; Columbicola columbae 6% and 0.14±SD respectively. Thirty-two (64%) of the birds were infected with helminths, represented by three species of cestodes and one species of nematode. The prevalence and mean intensity of infection of the cestodes were as follows: Raillientina echinobothrida 50% and 25±SD), Raillientina tetragona 40% and 20±SD and Raillientina cesticillus 20% and 10±SD, while the nematode recovered was Ascarida galli with prevalence and mean intensity of infection of 4% and 2±SD. Only 9.4% of the birds studied harboured triple infections, while 6.3% of the birds had double infection. The prevalence of gastro intestinal helminths within Streptopelia roseogrisea was higher for cestodes (p< 0.05) and for ectoparasitic infestation, Gonoides gigas had the highest prevalence (6%; p< 0.05). The overall prevalence (64.00%) of parasitic infection among columbids in this study was high, with Raillientina sp, a zoonotic parasite, dominating the infections. This demands for control, considering the close proximity of pigeons to man.
Journalism Culture Shift in The Development of Curation Journalism: A Case Study of Indonesia.
Authors:   , Supriadi Dandi
Published: April 2024

This thesis analyses the practice of curation journalism in developing countries, focusing in particular on Indonesia. Curation journalism is a contemporary practice with the potential to generate broader public participation in news production activities. The thesis argues that this practice has already changed traditional journalistic principles and ethics throughout the world, especially in terms of journalist–audience relationships. The main characteristic of curation journalism is the involvement of scattered online material, including social media content, in the process of news production. This thesis began with a preliminary observation of representative Western and Eastern news outlets, which indicated that curation journalism is widespread. Furthermore, Indonesian media companies seemed to curate material from citizens using specific methods distinct from the methods of international networks. These findings prompted questions surrounding the presentation and meaning of, as well as the cultural shift behind, the unique curation journalism in Indonesia. This thesis takes as a case study the ‘Jakarta Bombings’ coverage on January 14th, 2016. Specifically, it compares the news coverage of this event on three international news networks with the coverage from three Indonesian news publishers. The results of the comparative study are deepened by observations and interviews of Indonesian journalists from the three Indonesian media outlets. Based on this comparative and field research, this thesis identifies three particularities in Indonesian journalists’ attitudes regarding curation journalism. The first concerns how Indonesian journalists present the curated material in their published news stories. The second concerns how Indonesian journalists perceive curation in their specific cultural environment. The third concerns how Indonesian journalists adjust the traditional practice of journalism in response to the more active audience emerging with the development of communication technology. These findings are significant in terms of differentiating Indonesia from the West in the context of global journalistic practice.
It’s Complicated: Grief Portrayal in Memoir.
Authors:   , Shorrocks Kelly
Published: April 2024

A great portion of the corpus of memoir examining grief and death present with similar literary problematics: circumventing the moment of death or pivotal scene(s) of death, avoiding complicated and difficult relationships between the grieved and the bereaved, and examining these traumas in relation to the misinterpreted Kübler-Ross five stages of grief and dying. These generalizations preclude deeper insight into the author’s experience within a societal context. This project highlights how the contemporary Western memoir is a powerful artform for examining the nuances of grief and death, especially if the writer utilises storytelling methods that counteract the aforementioned problematics. This project also explores methodology for such narratives to reject emblematic depictions of grief, such as structure, content, epistolary additions, and verb tense. As such, this project also examines the memoirist’s decisions related to which memories to include or exclude as this pertains to their definition of creative non-fiction, personal truth, and fact.
Exploring business-to-business remote service value co-creation – a service recipient perspective.
Authors:   , Weissapfel Hagen
Published: April 2024

The individual actor perspective plays a key role in the value co-creation literature. However, research also recognizes that the individual actor lens is rarely addressed, especially in the business-to-business (B-to-B) context. More specifically, the service recipient perspective has received limited attention, particularly in terms of what value types are important for them and how value is co-created when engaging with the service provider. In a highly involved B-to-B context – that of radiographer and equipment manufacturer – this study attains an understanding of the service recipients’ sensemaking of remote service value co-creation with the service provider in the transformation of service delivery. Using a narrative approach, 19 semi-structured interviews were conducted with service recipients from different companies, as the focal actor, when jointly using remote services with the provider during the service encounter. The study identified the main tasks and participation behaviour, in addition to deriving service recipients’ value types at discrete interaction points and provided four main contributions. Firstly, the variety of respondents added to a more sophisticated understanding of service recipients’ view of their tasks and what value types are derived in joint remote interaction. Secondly, the study explores a novel way to describe the customer process of value co-creation by bringing attention to asynchronous interactions as episodes between discrete interaction points. Thirdly, the derived value types and process of value co-creation demonstrated relationship entanglement for each interaction point. Fourthly, the study extends previous research on value co-creation by focussing on the B-to-B service recipient perspective as an important part of the customer value sphere.
Derived $F$-zips
Authors: Yaylali Can
Published: April 2024

We define derived versions of $F$-zips and associate a derived $F$-zip to any proper, smooth morphism of schemes in positive characteristic. We analyze the stack of derived $F$-zips and certain substacks. We make a connection to the classical theory and look at problems that arise when trying to generalize the theory to derived $G$-zips and derived $F$-zips associated to lci morphisms. As an application, we look at Enriques-surfaces and analyze the geometry of the moduli stack of Enriques-surfaces via the associated derived $F$-zips. As there are Enriques-surfaces in characteristic $2$ with non-degenerate Hodge-de Rham spectral sequence, this gives a new approach, which could previously not be obtained by the classical theory of $F$-zips.

Comment: 72 pages. Final version
Desarrollo de las funciones ejecutivas en infantes de 2 a 3 años a través de la literatura infantil
Authors: Fusté Forné Maria
Published: April 2024

Las funciones ejecutivas en el contexto de la neuropsicología aplicada a la educación conforman uno de los aspectos a desarrollar en las escuelas en todos los niveles educativos. Específicamente desde la primera infancia se pueden diseñar programas y actividades para su desarrollo, si bien este está todavía en proceso, propuestas como la presente colaboran en su fomento. A partir de juegos alrededor de la literatura -la narrativa y la poesía- se puede trabajar la memoria de trabajo, la inhibición y la flexibilidad cognitiva. Las escuelas infantiles, ya desde el primer ciclo (0-3) son contextos educativos idóneos para implementar propuestas interdisciplinares enfocadas al desarrollo integral de los infantes.
Efficient Vehicle Routing Solutions: A Metaheuristic Approach
Authors: Aji Thomas  , Dr.Sushma Duraphe  , Prof. Arvind Gupta
Published: April 2024

Efficient vehicle directing is fundamental for smoothing out strategies processes, cutting costs, and raising consumer satisfaction. The current study explores the usage of metaheuristic procedures to handle multifaceted vehicle directing issues that emerge in various fields, including public transportation frameworks, transportation logistics, and delivery services. The study is explicitly worried about the application and investigation of a modified version of Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), a metaheuristic algorithm that draws motivation from ant foraging behavior. To increment solution quality, robustness, and convergence speed, the modified ACO algorithm incorporates enhancements like multi-colony systems, local search heuristics, and dynamic pheromone update instruments. This examination shows the adequacy and adaptability of the recommended approach in delivering ideal or almost ideal routing arrangements through mathematical modeling, theoretical analysis, and empirical assessments utilizing real-world datasets. The outcomes add to the corpus of information on optimization algorithms and give valuable exhortation to working on the manageability and proficiency of vehicle routing operations.
ANALISIS TANTANGAN PEMANFAATAN ALAT DIGITAL DALAM PENDIDIKAN PADA ANAK YANG CENDERUNG MENGHABISKAN WAKTU UNTUK GAME ONLINE DI MI AT-TARBIYAH SUMBERASIH
Authors: Akhmad Lutfi  , Benny Prasetiya
Published: April 2024

This research aims to analyze the challenges of using digital tools in education for children who tend to spend time playing online games at MI AT-Tarbiyah Banjarsari, Banjarsari District. Sumberasih. In the digital era, the use of digital tools in learning is becoming increasingly important. However, children's tendency to spend time playing online games can be a barrier to the effective use of digital tools in educational settings. This research method uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation studies. The research subjects were teachers, parents and students of MI AT-Tarbiyah Banjarsari District. Sumberasih has a tendency to spend time playing online games. The research results show that there are several challenges in using digital tools in children's education at MI AT-Tarbiyah Banjarsari. Factors such as parents' lack of understanding of the benefits of digital tools in education, limited access to technology, and the strong appeal of online games are the main obstacles. This research recommends the need to increase parents' understanding of the benefits of digital tools in education, the active involvement of teachers in developing interesting educational content, and the development of school policies that support the positive use of digital tools. In this way, it is hoped that we can overcome challenges and increase the effectiveness of the use of digital devices in improving the quality of education for children who tend to spend time playing online games.
Breath-hold Fast Recovery Fast Spin Echo versus Conventional Non-Breath-hold Fast Spin Echo T2-Weighted MR Imaging of Focal Liver Lesions
Authors: Tseng G Y , Thng C H , Wong E H , Tan A G S , Suman P , Quek S T , Ho J T S , Khoo J K B , Ooi L L P J , Chow P K H , Chung Y F A , Teh C S C
Published: April 2024

Introduction: We compare the breath-hold fast recovery fast spin echo (BHFRFSE) T2-weighted and non-breath-hold fast spin echo (NBHFSE) T2-weighted sequences in image quality and lesion characterisation of focal liver lesions.

Materials and Methods: Fat-suppressed T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images obtained with the 2 sequences (BHFRFSE and NBHFSE) in 79 patients with 113 liver lesions were analysed retrospectively. The image quality and nature of the lesions were evaluated by 2 experienced radiologists.

Results: Based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, lesion characterisation was comparable for both sequences. The image quality of BHFRFSE was significantly better than that of NBHFSE. The NBHFSE missed 4 malignant lesions while BHFRFSE missed 2 malignant lesions.

Conclusion: BHFRFSE performs similarly to NBHFSE in image quality and liver lesion characterisation.
Seeing How We Think About Words Using BOLD Contrast fMR Imaging
Authors: Chee M W L , Soon C S
Published: April 2024

This review examines how blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) may be harnessed to study the brain when it engages in language processing tasks. This method makes clinical and scientific contributions to understanding language function. Issues such as the lateralisation of language function, brain plasticity in health, ageing and neurological disease, and as well as how 2 different languages are processed, may all be evaluated by fMRI.
Clinical Applications of MR Cholangiopancreatography
Authors: Thng C H , Chung Y F A , Chow P K H , Ooi L L P J
Published: April 2024

Introduction: We review the clinical applications of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and illustrate them with clinical examples.

Methods: A literature search was performed in MedLine using the keywords “MR cholangiopancreatography” and “MRCP”. The relevant articles were reviewed. The radiology information system was searched for MRCP examinations performed from July 1999 to December 2002. A surgical database of resected cases was also referenced. Illustrative cases were chosen in consultation with surgical authors to show the clinical applications of MRCP.

Results: MRCP is useful for assessment of choledocholithiasis, choledochal cysts, pancreas divisum, primary sclerosing cholangitis, pancreatitis and anatomical variation of the biliary ducts. When complemented with dynamic gadolinium-enhanced studies, MRCP is useful for assessment of ductal cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic and gall bladder neoplasms. Illustrative cases are provided.

Conclusion: MRCP is an important modality for the clinical assessment of biliary and pancreatic disorders.
Radiographic Features of a Case of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome with Fatal Outcome
Authors: Tan D Y L , Kaw G J L , Tsou I Y Y , Wansaicheong G K-L , Green J A , Tai D Y H , Chee T S G
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a new form of atypical pneumonia caused by a coronavirus. We present the clinical course and chest radiographic findings of a case of SARS with fatal outcome.

Clinical Picture: A 39-year-old Chinese male presented with fever, sore throat and non-productive cough. During his illness, serial chest radiographs showed increasingly severe air-space shadowing in both lungs.

Treatment and Outcome: The patient was treated with supplemental oxygen, levofloxacin, oseltamivir, ribavirin and methylprednisolone. As his condition worsened, he required ventilatory and inotropic support. He later developed a myocardial infarct and coagulopathy, and succumbed to his illness.

Conclusion: The reported case mortality of SARS is about 9% worldwide. In Singapore, the mortality is 15.5%. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is believed to be a contributory factor to our patient’s demise. We report this case to show the radiographic changes of ARDS in a patient with SARS.
Preventing Youth Suicide
Authors: Pompili M , Mancinelli I , Girardi P , Tatarelli R
Published: April 2024

This letter is in reference to Dr Ung’s article published in the Annals which investigated youth suicide and parasuicide in Singapore. The study of suicide has a very respectful tradition as many studies have led to the recognition of cultural and environmental risk factors.
INTERNALISASI NILAI LOLO TANANAN DAN LOLO PATUOAN : PENINGKATAN EKONOMI ANGGOTA CREDIT UNION SAUAN SIBARRUNG
Authors: Randa Fransiskus , Pasoloran Oktavianus , Bottong Yuliaus
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujan untuk menginternalisasi  falsafah dan nilai budaya  dalam upaya meningkatkan ekonomi  anggota koperasi sebagai bagian dari proses reaktualisasi nilai-nilai budaya lokal suatu daerah.   Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode etnografi inkulturasi dengan falsafah lolo tananan dan   dalam mengelola usaha  sebagai alat analisis. Pengumpulan data dilalukan melalui wawancara yang mendalam dengan beberapa informan kunci, observasi lapangan dan pengumpulan artefak budaya di lapangan. Penelitian dilakukan pada koperasi Credit Uniom Sauan Sibarrung yang mencoba mengangkat nilai-nilai lokal dalam mengelola organisasi sebagai landasan operasional kegiatan. Pemaknaan terhadap falsafah lolo tananan dan lolo patuan  dalam  pengelolaan CU Sauan Sibarrung adalah upaya untuk memingkatkan ekonomi anggota dengan pemberdayaan  pemeliharaan sumber daya alam yang bernilai dengan menematkan tanaman dan peternakan secara holistik sebagai bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari kehidupan masyarakat toraja. Hal itu diinternalisasi melalui program pemberdayaan anggota pada peternakan, peranian dan komunitas kopi. Semua program tersebut mengarah pada peningaktan ekonomi anggota CU dengan pemeliharaan tanaman dan ternak secara berkelanjutan dan menghindari eksploitasi.