bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of alfalfa seed hardness change depending on the seed storage time
Authors: Ignatiev S. A. , Regidin A. A. , Gryazeva T. V. , Goryunov K. N.
Published: January 2020

A significant part of perennial legumes seeds, including alfalfa, after ripening, has a seed coat nonpermeable for water and air, and therefore they do not germinate immediately after sowing. This property is called seed hardness. The purpose of our research was to study seed hardness of the alfalfa samples in the collection of the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” depending on the seed storage time. The seed hardness of the studied varieties after 1 month of storage ranged from 31 to 74% on average for two years. The varieties “Sonora 76” (the USA) and “Stavropolskaya 430” (Russia) possessed the highest value of the studied trait (62% and 74%, respectively). The seed hardness of the standard variety “Rostovskaya 90” was 49.5%. After 6 months of storage, the percentage of seed hardness in all studied varieties significantly decreased. The studied indicator of the standard variety “Rostovskaya 90” decreased to 24%. The varieties “Smuglyanka” (Ukraine), “Zvezdochka” (Russia), “Veko” (Canada), “Admiral” (Canada), “Verta+” (Canada), “AZNIHI-5” (Azerbaijan), “Tashkentskaya 1” (Uzbekistan), “Karlygash” (Kazakhstan) with the indicators from 7% to 13% had a significantly lower percentage of seed hardness compared with the standard variety. The varieties “Sonora 76” (USA) and “Stavropolskaya 430” (Russia), with seed hardness of 38.5% and 49%, respectively, significantly exceeded the standard variety “Rostovskaya 90”. After 12 months of storage, seed hardness of the studied varieties ranged from 4 to 22.5%. The indicator for this trait of the variety, taken as a standard was 16.5%. A significantly lower percentage of seed hardness (from 3% to 10%) was in 12 studied varieties, the lowest indicator was shown by the variety “Zvezdochka” (Russia). The two varieties “Sonora 76” (USA) and “Stavropolskaya 430” (Russia) showed a significant excess with indicators of 21.5% and 22.5%, respectively.
Tiptoeing Around the Elephant in the Room: Discreet Activism for Social Justice in Conservative School Communities Following the 2016 Presidential Election
Authors: Rodela Katherine , Cochrun Alison , Haines David , Adelson-Journey Solina
Published: January 2020

This paper considers how local sociopolitical contexts impacted social justice leadership in politically conservative school communities following the 2016 presidential election. Drawing from qualitative data collected from December 2016 to May 2017, we analyze how four school-based leaders navigated tenuous political climates in their school communities, including the reactions of students, staff, and administrators following the election of Donald Trump. Findings revealed that the election’s impact on school climate became the “elephant in the room,” as school and district administrators often avoided addressing racism, xenophobia, and homophobia that erupted in schools following the election. Administrative avoidance only exacerbated pain and fear experienced by Latinx, Muslim, immigrant, and LGBTQ students in their schools. Teachers and staff members often felt alone in their support of these students, fearful of administrative and community backlash if they discussed the election with students or spoke out against incidents of homophobia or xenophobia. Despite this, teacher-led and school committee initiatives sprung up as a form of “discreet activism” ( Ryan & Tuters, 2017 ) to support marginalized students and advance equity in schools. This study raises questions for the study, practice, and preparation of social justice leadership in schools, including the limits of discreet activism when injustices are overt in local schools, communities, and in the broader US sociopolitical context.
“They Didn’t Even Talk About Oppression”: School Leadership Protecting the Whiteness of Leadership through Resistance Practices to a Youth Voice Initiative
Authors: Salisbury Jason D. , Sheth Manali J. , Angton, Alexia
Published: January 2020

In this article, we deepen understandings of leadership resistance to youth voice initiatives (YVIs) by interrogating the resistant actions of a group of white district leaders who initiated a student voice program to support transformative district improvement. We engaged a fusion collaborative autoethnographic research design rooted in critical race methodology to analyze our experiences of district resistance to a youth voice initiative. Our analytical narrative reveals how district leaders’ web of resistant practices obscured their goals, allowing them to exploit a group of students of color, district teacher, and university partners to promote their public image of being leaders committed to justice and equity. The specific resistant practices that leaders engaged in included (a) maintaining a lack of transparency around their goals for the initiative; (b) controlling the agenda of all interactions with youth and facilitators; (c) positioning course instructors in contradictory binaries such as trustworthy/untrustworthy; and (d) determining the value and presence of expertise among youth, course facilitators, and district leaders. Our Whiteness as property analysis illuminates district leaders’ deployment of resistance as a means to protect school leadership as a propertied expectation associated with whiteness.
The Sagittal Balance of the Cervical Spine: Radiographic Analysis of Interdependence between the Occipitocervical and Spinopelvic Alignment
Authors: Alijani Babak , Rasoulian Javid
Published: January 2020

Study Design: This was a prospective clinical study.Purpose: Previous studies have indicated that cervical lordosis is a parameter influenced by segmental and global spinal sagittal balance parameters. However, this correlation still remains unclear. Therefore, a better understanding of the normal values and interdependencies between inter-segmental alignment parameters is needed. This is a preliminary analysis that helps to understand these factors.Overview of Literature: Change in global sagittal alignment is associated with poor health-related quality of life. Questions regarding which parameters play the primary roles in the progression of spinal sagittal imbalance and which might be compensatory factors remain unanswered.Methods: Prospectively, 420 adults (105 asymptomatic, 105 cervical symptomatic, 105 lumbar symptomatic, and 105 post-surgical) were selected. Whole-spine standing lateral radiographs were taken, and spinopelvic, thoracic, and cervical parameters were measured. Then, the data were analyzed using correlation coefficient test and multiple regression analysis.Results: All the parameters showed a normal distribution. The mean values of the cervical parameters are as follows: C1C2 Cobb angle, −27.07°±4.3°; C2C7 Cobb angle, −16.4°±5.6°; OCC2 Cobb angle, −14.5°±3.8°; OCC7 Cobb angle, −29.8°±5.6°; C2C7 Harrison angle, 20.4°±4.3°; and C7 slope, −25.4°±5.6°. The analysis of these parameters revealed no statistically significant difference between asymptomatic, symptomatic, and post-surgical patients. C7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA) correlated with the C2C7 Cobb angle (r =0.7) in all groups. No significant correlation was noted between cervical and spinopelvic parameters in asymptomatic patients. However, C1C2 Cobb angle correlated significantly with pelvic incidence (PI, r =−0.2), lumbar lordosis (LL, r =0.2), and pelvic tilt (PT, r =−0.2) in cervical symptomatic patients. Irrespective of the patient symptom sub-group (n=420), C1C2 Cobb angle correlated with LL (r =0.1) and C2C7 Harrison angle correlated with PI and PT (r =0.1).Conclusions: Our results indicate significant interdependence between the spinopelvic and cervical alignment, especially in cervical symptomatic patients. In addition, strong correlation was found between the C7 SVA and C2C7 Cobb angle. Overall, the results of this study could help to better understand the cervical sagittal alignment and serve as preliminary data for planning surgical reconstruction procedures.
Radiographic and Clinical Results of C1 Laminoplasty for the Treatment of Compressive Myelopathy
Authors: Tarukado Kiyoshi , Ikuta Ko , Iida Keiichiro , Tono Osamu , Doi Toshio , Harimaya Katsumi
Published: January 2020

Study Design: Case series.Purpose: To evaluate the radiographic and clinical results of C1 laminoplasty without fusion.Overview of Literature: C1 laminectomy has been the standard procedure for decompression at the C1 level. However, there have been some reports of trouble cases after C1 laminectomy. C1 laminoplasty might be superior to C1 laminectomy with regard to maintaining the original C1 anatomical shape, preventing compression from the posterior soft tissue, and ensuring an adequate bonegrafting site around the C1 posterior part if additional salvage fusion surgery is necessary afterward.Methods: Seven patients with spinal cord compression without obvious segmental instability at the C1/2 level treated by C1 laminoplasty were included. The indication of C1 laminoplasty was same as that of C1 laminectomy. C1 laminoplasty was performed in the same way as subaxial double-door laminoplasty. The imaging findings were evaluated using X-ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. The clinical results were evaluated using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire (JOACMEQ) and JOA score. Peri- and postoperative complications were also investigated.Results: No patient showed increased C1/2 segmental instability after the surgery. The mean pre- and postoperative JOA scores were 8.6 and 11.7, respectively. The mean recovery rate was 40.2%. The effective rate in the JOACMEQ was 50% for the cervical spine function, 33% for the upper extremity function, 50% for the lower extremity function, 17% for the bladder function, and 17% for the quality of life. No major complication that seemed to be unique to C1 laminoplasty was observed over a period of about 4 years follow-up.Conclusions: C1 laminoplasty for patients without obvious segmental instability might be a viable alternative procedure to C1 laminectomy.
Proteomic Signature of Nucleus Pulposus in Fetal Intervertebral Disc
Authors: Rajasekaran Shanmuganathan , Soundararajan Dilip Chand Raja , Tangavel Chitraa , K. S. Sri Vijay Anand , Nayagam Sharon Miracle , Matchado Monica Steffi , Muthurajan Raveendran , Shetty Ajoy Prasad , Kanna Rishi Mugesh , Dharmalingam K.
Published: January 2020

Study Design: Profiling proteins expressed in the nucleus pulposus of fetal intervertebral disc (IVD).Purpose: To evaluate the molecular complexity of fetal IVDs not exposed to mechanical, traumatic, inflammatory, or infective insults to generate improved knowledge on disc homeostasis.Overview of Literature: Low back pain is the most common musculoskeletal disorder, causing a significant reduction in the quality of life, and degenerative disc disorders mainly contribute to the increasing socioeconomic burden. Despite extensive research, the causative pathomechanisms behind degenerative disc disorders are poorly understood. Precise molecular studies on the intricate biological processes involved in maintaining normal disc homeostasis are needed.Methods: IVDs of nine fetal specimens obtained from medical abortions were used to dissect out the annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus under sterile operating conditions. Dissected tissues were transferred to sterile Cryovials and snap frozen in liquid nitrogen before transporting to the research laboratory for protein extraction and further liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/ MS) analysis. Collected data were further analyzed using Gene Functional Classification Tool in DAVID and STRING databases.Results: A total of 1,316 proteins were identified through LC-MS/MS analysis of nine fetal IVD tissues. Approximately 247 proteins present in at least four fetal discs were subjected to further bioinformatic analysis. The following 10 clusters of proteins were identified: collagens, ribosomal proteins, small leucine-rich proteins, matrilin and thrombospondin, annexins, protein disulfide isomerase family proteins and peroxiredoxins, tubulins, histones, hemoglobin, and prolyl 4-hydroxylase family proteins.Conclusions: This study provides fundamental information on the proteome networks involved in the growth and development of healthy fetal discs in humans. Systematic cataloging of proteins involved in various structural and regulatory processes has been performed. Proteins expressed most abundantly (collagen type XIV alpha 1 chain, biglycan, matrilin 1, and thrombospondin 1) in their respective clusters also elucidate the possibility of utilizing these proteins for potential regenerative therapies.
Comparison of Short-Segment Pedicle Instrumentation with Supplemental Hook Fixation under Axial Compression in Relation to Graft Positioning and Posterior Ligamentous Integrity: A Biomechanical Study on the Calf Spine
Authors: Muratli Sedit Kivanc , Berk Haluk
Published: January 2020

Study Design: Biomechanical study.Purpose: This study investigates the benefits of supplemental hook fixation (SHF) on short-segment pedicle instrumentation (SSPI) in relation to anterior strut graft positioning. In addition, it seeks to determine whether the integrity of the posterior ligamentous complex (PLC) affects the stability of the spinal construct.Overview of Literature: Implant and/or bone failure with progressive kyphotic deformity after SSPI is common. To prevent this, several approaches are available, including SHF, anterior strut grafting, use of longer spinal constructs, and extension of the fusion to additional adjacent segments.Methods: A total of eight calf spines were instrumented with SSPI (n=4) and SHF (n=4) with strain gauges on the implants. Strain measurements were performed under axial compression in the following order: intact spine, corpectomy, ventral positioned strut grafting, posterior positioned strut grafting, ventral positioned grafting with resected PLC, and corpectomy with resected PLC.Results: The SHF group showed slightly lower strain values than SSPI in instrumented corpectomy-only specimens, but there were no statistically significant differences between them (p >0.05). The SHF group was significantly more stable than SSPI when strut grafting is employed, regardless of the location of the grafts (p =0.000). In the SSPI group, ventral positioning of the graft contributed significantly to the stability (p =0.000). There was no statistically significant difference between the ventral or posterior positioning of the graft in the SHF group (p =0.187). In addition, the integrity of the PLC did not affect stability in either group (p >0.005).Conclusions: Although not statistically significant, our investigation demonstrated that the most stable method was the SHF along with ventral positioned strut graft. However, if the SSPI is the treatment of choice, ventral positioned strut graft support will be useful in minimizing the risk of implant failure and progressive kyphotic deformity.
A survey of Psychiatric Disorders and Their Comorbidities in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Heydari Yazdi Aazam Sadat , Eslamzadeh Mahboubeh , Mohammadi Mohammad Reza , Khaleghi Ali , Hooshyari Zahra , Moharreri Fatemeh , Ebrahimpour Seyedeh Farzaneh , Ashouri Simin , Ashouri Samira
Published: January 2020

Background: This community-based study aimed to investigate the psychiatric disorders and their comorbidities according to the kind of psychiatric disorders. Frequency of demographic factors and the prevalence of total psychiatric disorders in term of demographic charactheristics were obtained too. Materials and Methods: The present study focused on 1028 children and adolescent aged 6 to 18 years old across the Razavi Khorasan province by random sampling. The subjects included 496 boys and 532 girls from three age groups (6-9 years, 10-14 years and 15-18 years). Eight clinical psychologists trained to complete the Persian version of K-SADS-PL (Kiddie-SADS present and life time version). This scale measures five diagnostic appendixes of psychiatric disorders. Demographic data of participants were collected too. The data were recorded into the SPSS version 16. The relationship between psychiatric disorders and demographic factors deliberate by descriptive analysis and 95% confidence interval.  Results: The total rate of psychiatric disorders among children and adolescent was estimated as 20.5%, elimination disorders with a rate of 12.9% was the most prevalent disorder in the subjects. The lowest prevalence belongs to psychotic disorder and bulimia nervosa (0.1%). Of participants with mood disorders about 71.4% have behavioral disorders too. Anxiety disorders also commonly occurred in person with mood disorders. The comparison of ORs and their 95% confidence interval revealed that there is a significant difference for total psychiatric disorder among boys and girls (OR=0.6 for girls; 95% CI: 0.44-0.82). The rate of total psychiatric disorders in rural and urban areas was 14.9% and 21.1% respectively. Conclusion: With attention to the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders among children and adolescents, it’s necessary that healthcare officials pay more attention to reinforcement of mental health care.[GMJ.2020;9:e1714]
Explaining IT programming concepts using NSM explications: The case of ‘variable’ and ‘constant’
Authors: Biegajło Bartłomiej
Published: January 2020

The paper seeks to explore a practical application of Natural Semantic Metalanguage in defining two core concepts in computer programming, i.e. the concept of a variable and the concept of a constant. The investigation of both programming concepts is carried out with reference to Apple’s Swift programming language, which is now the dominant language in creating applications designed for Apple’s devices. The explications of a variable and a constant developed in this paper are tentative definitions of the most fundamental functionalities behind the two programming concepts. They are meant to ease the learning experience of programming enthusiasts who are at the early stages of their learning path.
Spatio-temporal systems in Chaucer’s language: A discourse-pragmatic analysis
Authors: Nakayasu Minako
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this paper is to conduct a discourse-pragmatic analysis of the spatio-temporal systems in Chaucer’s language along the lines of historical pragmatics and discourse analysis. The text used for analysis is “The knight’s tale” adopted from the Riverside edition of The Canterbury tales. Language has built-in spatio-temporal systems by which speakers judge how distant the situations they wish to express are from their domain, i.e. proximal or distal. Spatio-temporal elements can be connected to each other to take either a proximal or a distal perspective in discourse. Based on this approach, the present paper performs a detailed examination of the spatio-temporal elements, and addresses the following questions: 1) How does the perspective change as the discourse progresses? and 2) What factors are relevant to this change in discourse? To provide answers to these questions, this paper will investigate: 1) elements which structure discourse, 2) elements which promote a proximal or a distal perspective, 3) elements which trigger alternations of these perspectives, and 4) factors which facilitate the alternation of elements in either the spatial, the temporal, or the integrated spatio-temporal domain.
Review of Various Dimensions of Contrastive Studies by Bożena Cetnarowska, Marcin Kuczok and Marcin Zabawa (eds.), Katowice: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, 2016
Authors: Mokrosz Ewelina , Zdziebko Sławomir
Published: January 2020

The paper constitutes a review of a collection of articles entitled ‘Various Dimensions of Contrastive Studies’ published by Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego in 2016 under the editorship of Bożena Cetnarowska, Marcin Kuczok and Marcin Zabawa. Each section of the review contains a critical evaluation of one paper found in the volume. We conclude that although the volume could benefit from more direct discussion pertaining to the methodology of contrastive studies, each of the articles constitutes a significant contribution to its particular domain and is worth-recommending to the reader who desires to keep track of the developments within different areas of the study of language.
Features of party education in the USSR in the late 1920s-1930s
Authors: Ryabchenko A. G. , Zolotareva I. D.
Published: January 2020

The article attempts to reveal the main features of the emergence and further development of the Soviet party elite of the USSR in 1920-1930. In the article, the political elite is understood as the partyadministrative elite of the country, which, as a rule, consisted of members or candidates of the CPSU (b), and was the most significant in its influence on the life of the country group of managers, both national and local authorities. One of the necessary attributes, by the end of the 1920s. it became possible to get education in Soviet party schools in a number of relevant areas. At the beginning of the 1930s. had to deploy a system of party schools, lower, middle and higher, the main purpose of which was to train the party-Soviet and partyeconomic managers of higher and middle management. But also higher education institutions not party also were a forge of shots of party managers-functionaries and Communists-economic managers and experts. The article is devoted to the history of the system of training managers of the party-state apparatus of the USSR. Attention is drawn to the peculiarities of the formation of the Soviet state, associated with the implementation of three global transformations, such as industrialization, collectivization and cultural revolution, which contributed to a significant change in the social structure of society.
Assessing the effectiveness of dividend policy on the example of a joint-stock company
Authors: Korotcenkova A. V. , Martynova T. A.
Published: January 2020

The article deals with the concept of dividend policy and the basic theories of dividend policy that have developed during the existence of joint-stock companies as an organizational and legal form. The main types of dividend policy are also defined. Despite the broad theoretical basis, in the conditions of Russian business dividend policy is not considered as an effective tool in the management of the capital of the organization. In practice, when choosing a dividend policy, insufficient attention is paid to its features disclosed in dividend policy studies. In this regard, the need to develop a unified approach to assessing the effectiveness of the dividend policy of commercial organizations is identified. In this regard, a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the dividend policy of the organization, which includes three stages, is proposed. At the first stage, the type of dividend policy is determined. At the second stage, the effectiveness of the dividend policy of the organization is evaluated, the results of which reveal its shortcomings, a decision is made on the need to adjust the dividend policy. At the third stage, the optimal amount of dividend payments is determined. The methodology was tested on the example of JSC «Kubanenergo». Based on the results of the evaluation, it was proposed to change the type of dividend policy taking into account the interests of the organization and shareholders.
Analisis retribusi pelabuhan dalam upaya peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) di Kota Sorong
Authors: Rifurariani Welyoyo , Elim Inggriani , Kalalo Meily Y.B.
Published: January 2020

Regional original income is the original source of regional revenue extracted in the region which is used for the basic capital of the regional government in financing development and regional efforts to minimize the dependency of funds from the central government. Regional governments are expected to be more able to explore financial resources to the maximum, but of course in the corridor of the applicable legislation in particular to meet the needs of government funding and development in the region through Regional Original Revenue. One of them is levies from the port levies or by the name of the port service levies levied as fees for payment, anchoring services / mooring services, aviation services and scouting, dock services. This study aims to determine and analyze the increase in sea port levies to the Regional Original Revenue (PAD) Sorong City. The analytical method used in this thesis research is a descriptive method that aims at each data collected collected analyzed and drawn a conclusion and the type of research used is descriptive qualitative. Based on the results of the port levy analysis, it can be seen that during the 2011-2015 observation year, the realization of port charges on the PAD had increased quite well.
“Evolución espiritual. Diez científicos escriben sobre su fe”
Authors: Sequeiros San Román, S.J. Leandro
Published: January 2020

Recensión de la obra: John M. TEMPLETON y Kenneth S. GINIGER (editores). Evolución espiritual. Diez científicos escriben sobre su fe. Colección Ciencia y Religión, número 16. Cátedra Francisco J. Ayala de Ciencia, Tecnología y Religión, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, Sal Terrae, Cantabria (Grupo de Comunicación Loyola), 2019, 197 pp. ISBN: 978–84–293–2841–7 [Traducción de José Manuel Lozano–Gotor Perona de Spiritual Evolution. Scientists Discuss Their Beliefs. Templeton Press, 1998]
A New Reversible Data Hiding Technique Combined with Interpolation and Pixel Value Differencing Method
Authors: Majumder Jayeeta , Pradhan Chittaranjan
Published: January 2020

Steganography is the popular security method that provides complete security for communicating secret details. Image steganography is a very interesting field because of the imperceptible way of hiding data in images, since small distortion in the images cannot be identified by a human eye. This is the main idea to develop image steganography algorithms to improve visual quality. Pixel Value Differencing is able to provide a high quality stego image in spite of the high capacity of the concealed information. This paper proposes the first the interpolation techniques with the pixel block then applying then the Pixel Value Differencing method. Here in the first phase the original image is portioned into 2X2 block then applying the nearest neighbour interpolation technique after that in the second phase PVD is used to embed the secret data. Then the new pixel value of the neighbouring pixel also calculated. In this paper one variant are proposed by using single range table. We observed that for both the variant PSNR value and the hiding capacity are increased.
Conjuntivitis en el World Pride
Authors: Carles-García Patricia , Pérez Daniela Michelle , Escribano Patricia , Barrios Ana
Published: January 2020

La conjuntivitis gonocócica es relativamente rara en el adulto, con una incidencia creciente en los últimos años, principalmente en varones que tienen sexo con hombres. Se trata de una urgencia oftalmológica, dado que puede evolucionar a uveítis y perforación corneal, que requiere una alta sospecha clínica y epidemiológica. Se presenta el caso de un varón homosexual de 30 años que se encuentra en Madrid con motivo de la fiesta mundial del orgullo gay y presenta una infección por gonococo con celulitis preseptal con colección abscesificada y conjuntivitis.
Oxidative Toxicity in Diabetes Mellitus: The Role of Nanoparticles and Future Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Sabahi Mohammad Mahdi , Ahmadi Sara Ami , Mahjub Reza , Ranjbar Akram
Published: January 2020

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic medical conditions in the world. Increasing evidence suggests that chronic hyperglycemia can cause excessive production of free radicals, particularly reactive oxygen species (ROS). Free radicals play important roles in tissue damage in diabetes. The relationship between exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) and diabetes has been reported in many previous studies. Evaluation of the potential benefits and toxic effects of NPs on diabetic disorders is of importance. This review highlights studies on the relationship between NPs and oxidative stress (OS) as well as the possible mechanisms in diabetic animal models and humans.
ДОСВІД АДМІНІСТРАТИВНО-ПРАВОВОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СТАНДАРТИЗАЦІЇ У СФЕРІ ОБОРОНИ НАТО ТА ЙОГО ІМПЛЕМЕНТАЦІЯ У ВІТЧИЗНЯНЕ ЗАКОНОДАВСТВО
Authors: Подойніцин В. М.
Published: January 2020

У статті розглядаються питання адміністративно-правового забезпечення стандартизації у сфері оборони провідних країн-членів Північноатлантичного Альянсу. Також стисло наведені передумови створення НАТО та надаються пропозиції щодо імплементації досвіду застосування адміністративно-правового забезпечення стандартизації у сфері оборони провідних країн-членів НАТО до національного законодавства України.
МУНІЦИПАЛЬНО-ПРАВОВА ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНІСТЬ: ПОНЯТТЯ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ
Authors: Панчишин Р. І.
Published: January 2020

Стаття присвячена висвітленню поняття та особливостей муніципально-правової відповідальності органів місцевого самоврядування. Проведено аналіз наукових концепцій щодо регулювання місцевого самоврядування; визначено основні форми організації місцевого самоврядування та місця серед них об’єднаної територіальної громади. На підставі проведеного наукового дослідження сформульовано висновок про основні переваги об’єднаної територіальної громади як форми організації місцевого самоврядування.
Application of alternative treatments to control postharvest fungal infection and shelf life extension of papaya in different maturity stages
Authors: Rashid MHA , Borman BC , Islam MS , Shirin A
Published: January 2020

An experiment was conducted to study the application of alternative treatments to control postharvest fungal infection and shelf life extension of papaya under different maturity stages at the Laboratories of the Department of Horticulture and Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from August to October, 2018. The two factor experiment (maturity stages and postharvest treatments) was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Four postharvest treatments viz., control, hot water treatment (Fruits treated at 50±2ºC for 10 minutes), chitosan coating (2000ppm chitosan solution) and hot water+chitosan coating were assigned to papaya fruits which were maturity stage I or maturity stage II. Significant variations were observed between maturity stage I (green mature) and maturity stage II (0-10% yellowing of fruits) in relation to most of the parameters studied. Results showed that most of the parameters studied were significantly influenced by the afore-mentioned factors. Longer shelf life (12.64 days) was observed in maturity stage I fruits than maturity stage II fruits (12.18 days). Significant reduction in disease incidence and severity was noticed in the maturity stage I fruits as compared to maturity stage II fruits. The longest shelf life (15.20 days) was found in hot water treated and chitosan coated fruits of maturity stage I, whereas the shortest shelf life (8.52 days) was observed in control of maturity stage II fruits.

Progressive Agriculture 30 (3): 298-304, 2019
Effects of selected chemical admixtures on physical and mechanical properties of cement mortar
Authors: Bethe SS , Haque MN , Islam MR
Published: January 2020

This study was aimed to determination of appropriate dosage of selected chemical admixtures to reduce water cement ratio for mortar mix also to determine its effects on physical and mechanical properties of cement mortar. Amount of water used in concrete is very important for the physical and mechanical properties. Less amount of water increase the strength but reduce the workability. Water retarding admixture can reduce the water cement ratio with desired workability. In this experiment plasticizer (master pel 707) and super plasticizer (master polyheed 8632) was used. The used dosages of admixture were 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% according to cement weight. The test was done at 3 days, 7 days, 28 days and 91 days. 2.76″ cube mold was used for the work. The experiment was done to find the difference between with and without admixture used in mortar. Water used reduced with add of plasticizer and super plasticizer. In the experiment the workability of normal mortar and admixture used mortar remain same. The compressive strength is high for 1.5% super plasticizer used sample. So 1.5% super plasticizer is recommended for high strength.

Progressive Agriculture 30 (3): 305-310, 2019
Application of waste tyre rubber chips as coarse aggregate in concrete
Authors: Muyen Z , Mahmud F , Hoque MN
Published: January 2020

The practicality and the engineering properties of portland cement concrete (PCC) and three types of rubberized PCC mixes prepared by partially replacing the conventional coarse aggregate with rubber were examined. The rubberized PCC mixes contained 5%, 10% and 15% waste tyre rubber chips as replacement of conventional coarse aggregate. Different physical and mechanical properties of the control (0% rubber chips) and the rubberized concrete samples were determined. A 5% replacement of conventional aggregates resulted in a 5% reduction of compressive strength, a 10% replacement resulted in a 26% reduction and a 15% replacement resulted in a reduction of 47%. A 5% replacement of conventional aggregates resulted in a 6% reduction of tensile strength, a 10% replacement resulted in a 33% reduction and a 15% replacement resulted in a reduction of 53%. A 5% replacement of conventional aggregates resulted in a 13% reduction of flexural strength, a 10% replacement resulted in a 33% reduction and a 15% replacement resulted in a reduction of 42%. Although concrete made from tyres had lower strength than the normal concrete, rubberized concrete can find its use in landscaping, sports field ground, architectural finishing, lightweight concrete walls etc.

Progressive Agriculture 30 (3): 328-334, 2019
EKOLOJİK SOSYAL HİZMET PERSPEKTİFİNDEN HORTİKÜLTÜREL TERAPİ
Authors: Barut Berçem , Kara Yunus
Published: January 2020

Teknoloji, kentleşme ve sanayileşmenin sonucunda bireylerdeki endişe, depresyon, sosyal izolasyon ve kronik hastalıklardaki artış, insan ve doğa arasındaki rehabilite edici ilişkiye odaklanmayı da beraberinde getirmiştir. Doğal çevre ile etkileşimde olma deneyimi, fiziksel ve zihinsel sağlıkla ilişkilendirilerek, günümüzde, bitki ve bahçelerin araç olarak kullanıldığı bir tedavi ve terapi yöntemi olan hortikültürel terapinin (bahçecilik terapisi) uygulanmaya başlamasını sağlamıştır. Hortikültürel terapinin tüm insanlarla uygulanabilir olması, sosyal hizmet mesleğindeki evrensellik ilkesi ile benzerlik göstermeke ve insan ve doğa ilişkisi çerçevesinde terapötik bir deneyim taşımaktadır. Bu açıdan tüm canlı ve cansız varlıkların birbirleri ile uyumlu bir şekilde varlıklarını sürdürmelerine yardım etmek üzere, insanlığın yeryüzü ile olan ilişkilerinde ciddi değişiklikler yapılmasına yönelik teorik bir uygulama zeminine sahip olan ekolojik sosyal hizmet disiplini ile de çok yakından ilişkilendirilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada hortikültürel terapi, bileşenleri ve etkileri ile birlikte açıklanarak, insan ve doğa ilişkisinin önemi ve iyiliğini vurgulamayı bünyesinde barındıran ekolojik sosyal hizmet perspektifinden değerlendirilecektir.
ÇOCUKLUK ÇAĞI TRAVMALARININ KORUYUCU AİLE İÇİNDE SAĞALTIMI ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: Abukan Bilge
Published: January 2020

Çocukluk çağı travmaları yaşam boyu etkileri bulunan çocukluktaki engellenmelerin bir sonucudur. Koruma altına alınan çocukların önemli bir bölümü bu travmaları deneyimlemektedir. Çocukların yüksek yararı ve gelişimlerini sağlıklı bir biçimde sürdürebilmeleri için bu travmaların sağaltımı önemlidir. Bu noktada koruyucu aile hizmet modeli değerli ve alternatif bir model olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Çünkü bu model, bazı eksiklerine rağmen travmanın sağaltımı için uygun özellikler taşımaktadır. Bu derleme çalışmanın amacı çocukluk çağı travmalarının yaşam boyu etkilerinden hareketle bu travmaların koruyucu aile içinde sağaltımının önemini açıklamaktır. Bu çalışmada çocukluk çağı travmalarının etkileri literatür ışığında açıklanmakta, koruyucu aile hizmetinin travma sağaltımı için uygun bir model olmasını sağlayan özellikleri ile uygulamalardaki eksikler değerlendirilmektedir. Ayrıca çocukluk çağı travmalarının koruyucu ailede sağaltımının geliştirilmesi için müdahale önerileri sunulmaktadır.
Memoria colectiva y bibliotecas: apuntes sobre caminos a futuro
Authors: Civallero Edgardo
Published: January 2020

Este texto descreve a ligação entre a memória coletiva —a soma das memórias de um grupo de indivíduos, a base da identidade de uma comunidade e seu principal patrimônio intangível— e as bibliotecas como instituições que preservam, organizam e tornam visível essa memória. Identifica o papel social, o compromisso e a responsabilidade da biblioteca nessa tarefa e explora alguns caminhos a futuro, especialmente aqueles que passam pelo uso das novas tecnologias de informação e pelas humanidades digitais.
Perbandingan Karakteristik Biodiesel Berbahan Baku Minyak Jelantah Hasil Proses Transesterifikasi Berkatalis NaOH, CaO Superbasa, dan Zeolit
Authors: Pasae Yoel , Bulo Lise , Ivonne Brigita
Published: January 2020

Salah satu faktor penentu keberhasilan dalam pengembangan proses Produksi biodiesel adalah ketersediaan katalis yang mudah diperoleh dan harganya murah. Secara umum katalis yang paling banyak digunakan dalam proses transesterifikasi adalah NaOH, namun dalam beberapa tahun terakhir penelitian untuk memanfaatkan jenis katalis lainnya seperti zeolit, dan CaO superbasa juga telah dikembangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan karakteristik biodiesel yang diproduksi dari bahan baku minyak jelantah dengan menggunakan katalis NaOH, CaO superbasa, dan zeolit. Proses reaksi transesterifikasi dilangsungkan dalam reaktor gelas dengan tipe reaktor tangki berpengaduk pada suhu 65oC, waktu reaksi 3 jam dengan kecepatan pengadukan 200rpm. Karakteristik biodiesel yang diuji yaitu densitas, viskositas, dan angka asam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik biodiesel yang diperoleh dengan katalis NaOH, CaO superbasa, dan zeolit masing-masing adalah densitas (kg/m3) 872; 914; dan 918, viskositas (mm2/s) 2,93; 17,65; dan 17,34, angka asam (mg NaOH/g sampel) 0,56; 0,6; 0,6. Jika dibandingkan dengan karakteristik standar yang ditetapkan oleh Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) yaitu densitas 850-890, viskositas 2,3-6,0 mm2/s dan angka asam max 0,6, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa hanya angka asam untuk biodiesel berkatalis CaO super basa dan biodiesel berkatalis zeolit yang tidak memenuhi standar SNI.
Effect of Methamphetamine Exposure on Sexual Behavior and Locomotor Activity of Adult Male Rat
Authors: MIHALČÍKOVÁ L. , OCHOZKOVÁ A. , ŠLAMBEROVÁ R.
Published: January 2020

Drug addiction and its consequences on social life and behavior is currently a worldwide problem. Methamphetamine (MA) is one of the most abused psychostimulants in the Czech Republic. MA elevates mood, increases concentration, reduces appetite, and promotes weight loss. However, high doses and long-term abuse can induce psychosis, hallucinations, paranoia, violent behavior, and can lead to cardiovascular problems. Regarding its high prevalence and negative impact on health and social life, MA needs to be fully investigated. Previous studies have demonstrated the impairing effect of MA drug abuse on female behavior. However, MA’s influence on male sexual behavior is not entirely clear. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of MA exposure on sexual behavior and spontaneous locomotor activity of adult male rats. MA was administrated subcutaneously at a dose of 5 mg/kg daily for a period of 30 days. The control group was exposed to saline (SA) at the same time and same volume. At the end of the application period, exposed male rats were paired with non-treated female rats, and their behavior was recorded for 2 h. Sexual mating behavior was described in terms of mounting frequency, intromission frequency, ejaculation frequency, sniffing time, intromission latency and the post-ejaculatory interval. Spontaneous locomotor activity in postnatally exposed male rats was studied using the Laboras apparatus. Acute doses of MA (1 mg/kg) or SA were administrated to probe the sensitizing effect of previous chronic MA exposure. Afterward, the animal was placed in an unknown environment and monitored for 1 h. Behavior was automatically evaluated using Laboras software by analyzing the following parameters: duration of locomotion (s), duration of immobility (s), rearing (vertical exploratory behavior), time spent grooming (s), average speed (mm/s), and distance traveled (m). Our results indicate that MA administration has a negligible effect on the sexual behavior of adult male rats. However, more experiments have to be performed to examine the influence of MA exposure on spermatogenesis and the behavior of offspring. Data from the Laboras test showed that MA exposure has a significant effect on locomotor activity in both acute as well as subchronic MA application. In conclusion, our results show that administration of MA in adult male rats does not affect sexual performance and motivation but does increase locomotor and exploratory activity in an unknown environment.
Effect of Different Dosages of Dexamethasone Therapy on Lung Function and Inflammation in an Early Phase of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Model
Authors: MIKOLKA P. , KOSUTOVA P. , KOLOMAZNIK M. , TOPERCEROVA J. , KOPINCOVA J. , CALKOVSKA A. , MOKRA D.
Published: January 2020

Inflammation associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can damage the alveolar epithelium and surfactant and worsen the respiratory failure. Glucocorticoids (GC) appear to be a rational therapeutic approach, but the effect is still unclear, especially for early administration and low-dose. In this study we compared two low doses of dexamethasone in early phase of surfactant-depleted model of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In the study, lung-lavaged New Zealand rabbits with respiratory failure (PaO2<26.7 kPa in FiO2 1.0) were treated with intravenous dexamethasone (DEX): 0.5 mg/kg (DEX-0.5) and 1.0 mg/kg (DEX-1.0), or were untreated (ARDS). Animals without ARDS served as controls. Respiratory parameters, lung edema, leukocyte shifts, markers of inflammation and oxidative damage in the plasma and lung were evaluated. Both doses of DEX improved the lung function vs. untreated animals. DEX-1.0 had faster onset with significant improvement in gas exchange and ventilation efficiency vs. DEX-0.5. DEX-1.0 showed a trend to reduce lung neutrophils, local oxidative damage, and levels of TNFα, IL-6, IL-8 more effectively than DEX-0.5 vs. ARDS group. Both dosages of dexamethasone significantly improved the lung function and suppressed inflammation in early phase ARDS, while some additional enhancement was observed for higher dose (1 mg/kg) of DEX.
Sistem Pakar Diagnosis Penyakit Ikan Mas Menggunakan Metode Certainty Factor Di UPT Balai Budidaya Ikan Air Tawar Dan Hias Kabupaten Pandeglang Banten
Authors: Hakim Zaenal , Rizky Robby
Published: January 2020

Sistem pakar yang mampu mendiagnosa penyakit pada Ikan Mas berdasarkan pengetahuan yang diberikan langsung dari pakar/ahlinya dan melalui studi literatur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode perhitungan Certainty Factor (CF) dalam menghitung tingkat kepakaran. Data penelitian ini terdiri dari data gejala dan data penyakit ikan mas, serta data aturan. Sistem pakar pada organisasi ditujukan untuk penambahan value, peningkatan produktivitas serta area manajerial yang dapat mengambil kesimpulan dengan cepat. Begitu pula dengan organisasi yang melakukan bisnis budidaya ikan, yang sangat menjanjikan, namun perlu kewaspadaan yang tinggi terhadap adanya serangan penyakit, seperti halnya Ikan yang sangat rentan terhadap berbagai jenis penyakit yang disebabkan virus ataupun bakteri. Manfaat yang diperoleh dari sistem pakar yang mampu melakukan diagnosis dengan cepat, tepat dan akurat terhadap gejala penyakit yang ditimbulkan diharapkan mampu membantu para pembudidaya dalam mengantisipasi kerugian yang diakibatkan serangan penyakit.
Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Konsumsi Vitamin A oleh Ibu Nifas di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Bungi Kota Baubau
Authors: Lelawatty Poniasih
Published: January 2020

Beberapa faktor penyebab berhubungan dengan mengonsumsi vitamin A oleh ibu nifas seperti faktor pengetahuan, kurangnya penyuluhan atau sosialisasi, akses informasi, konseling. Faktor-faktor ini berkaitan erat dengan ketercapaiannya target mengonsumsi vitamin A khususnya ibu nifas di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bungi Liabuku. Penelitian ini faktor yang diteliti yang berhubungan dengan mengonsumsi vitamin A oleh ibu nifas hanya faktor pengetahuan dan faktor konseling. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor pengetahuan dan faktor konseling berhubungan dengan mengonsumsi vitamin A oleh ibu nifas. Hipotesis pada penelitian ini adalah ada hubungan faktor pengetahuan dan hubungan faktor konseling dengan mengonsumsi vitamin A oleh ibu nifas. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif survey dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah Total sampling atau jumlah populasi sama dengan jumlah sampel yaitu 29 ibu nifas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 29 ibu nifas yang memiliki pengetahuan baik berhubungan dengan mengonsumsi vitamin A sebanyak 5 (17,2%) dan ibu nifas yang berpengetahuan  kurang berhubungan dengan mengonsumsi vitamin A sebanyak 9 (31,0%) ibu nifas . Selanjutnya dari 29 ibu nifas, yang memperoleh konseling dengan baik berhubungan dengan mengonsumsi vitamin A sebanyak1 (3,4%) ibu nifas dan konseling kurang berhubungan dengan mengonsumsi vitamin A sebanyak 14 (48,3%) ibu nifas. Simpulan pada penelitian ini adalah ada hubungan dengan tingkat keeratan hubungan rendah faktor pengetahuan dan faktor konseling dengan mengonsumsi vitamin A oleh ibu nifas.Kata kunci: pengetahuan, konseling, vitamin, konsumsi, nifas
Introduction: Exemplifying Climate Change
Authors: Kverndokk Kyrre , Bjærke Marit Ruge
Published: January 2020

No abstract available.
Risk Perception through Exemplarity: Hurricanes as Climate Change Examples and Counterexamples in Norwegian News Media
Authors: Kverndokk Kyrre
Published: January 2020

This article explores how hurricanes are used in news media to exemplify the consequences of climate change. This is done by a close reading of Norwegian newspaper articles on the hurricanes Katrina (2005), Sandy (2012), Harvey and Irma (both 2017). The geographical distance between the disaster areas and the media audience enables an exploration of how these weather events are made meaningful across long distances, as global concerns. The article shows how these hurricanes are textualized and turned into signs in nature that are pointing towards a climate-changed future, and how they work as modelling examples for imagining the possible disastrous state of such a future. It further argues that reasoning with hurricane examples is a certain kind of risk perception involving a temporal and spatial entwining of the future and the present, that represents a notion of cultural catastrophization by calling upon a fear of an uncontrollable disastrous future. The uses of the hurricane example in news media imply an epistemological shift from probability to exemplarity. This shift provides an argumentative space for climate change skeptics to perform counterarguments that juggle between probability and exemplarity. The article explores how this is done, and how statistics and mentioning of other hurricanes are used to argue that hurricanes Sandy, Harvey and Irma were not extraordinary events in terms of intensity, and thus that they cannot possibly be fueled by climate change. The climate change skeptics’ attempts to claim these hurricanes to be local and normal phenomena, independent of human action, may be regarded as attempts to de-catastrophize contemporary society.