Registered Replication Report: A Large Multilab Cross-Cultural Conceptual Replication of Turri, Buckwalter, &amp; Blouw (2015)
Authors: Hall Braeden Forrester , Schmidt Kathleen , Wagge Jordan Rose , Lewis Savannah C , Weissgerber Sophia Christin , Kiunke Felix , Pfuhl Gerit , Stieger Stefan , Tran Ulrich S. , Barzykowski Krystian , Bogatyreva Natalia , Kowal Marta , Massar Karlijn , Pernerstorfer Felizitas , Sorokowski Piotr , Voracek Martin , Chartier Christopher R. , Brandt Mark John , Grahe Jon E. , Özdoğru Asil Ali , Andreychik Michael , Chen Sau-Chin , Evans Thomas Rhys , Hautekiet Caro , IJzerman Hans , Kačmár Pavol , Krafnick Anthony James , Musser Erica D. , Vergauwe Evie , Werner Kaitlyn M. , Aczel Balazs , Arriaga Patricia , Batres Carlota , Beaudry Jennifer L , Cova Florian , Ďurbisová Simona , Cramblet Alvarez Leslie D. , Feldman Gilad , Godbersen Hendrik , Gottfried Jaroslav , Haeffel Gerald , Hartanto Andree , Isloi Chris , McFall Joseph Patrick , Milyavskaya Marina , Moreau David , Nosáľová Ester , Papaioannou Kostas , Ruiz-Fernandez Susana , Schrötter Jana , Storage Daniel , Vezirian Kevin , Volz Leonhard , Weisberg Yanna J , Xiao Qinyu , Awlia Dana , Branit Hannah , Dunn Megan , Groyecka-Bernard Agata , Haneda Ricky , Kalistová Gabriela , Kielińska Julita , Kolle Caroline , Lubomski Paweł , Miller Alexys , Mækelæ Martin Jensen , Pantazi Myrto , Ribeiro Rafael Ramos , Ross Robert M , Sorokowska Agnieszka , Aberson Chris , Alexi Vassiliou Xanthippi , Baker Bradley James , Bognar Miklos , Cong Chin Wen , Danvers Alexander Francois , Davis William E. , Dranseika Vilius , Dumbravă Andrei , Farmer Harry , Field Andy Peter , Forscher Patrick S. , GRATON Aurélien , Hajdu Nandor , Howlett Peter A , Kabut Radoslaw , Larsen Emmett M. , Lee Sean T. H. , Legate Nicole , Levitan Carmel , Levy Neil L , Lu Jackson G. , Misiak Michał , Morariu Roxana E. , Novak Jennifer , Pronizius Ekaterina , Prusova Irina , Rathnayake Athulya Sammanee , Romanova Marina , Röer Jan Philipp , Sampaio Waldir M. , Schild Christoph , Schulte-Mecklenbeck Michael , Stephen Ian D , Szecsi Peter , Takacs Elizabeth , Teeter Julia , Thiele-Evans Elian H. , Paterlini Julia , Vilares Iris , Villafana Louise , Wang Ke , Wu Raymond , Solas Sara Álvarez , Moshontz Hannah , Buchanan Erin Michelle 
Published: October 2018

According to the Justified True Belief account of knowledge (JTB), a person can only truly know something if they have a belief that is both justified and true (i.e., knowledge is justified true belief). This account was challenged by Gettier (1963), who argued that JTB does not explain knowledge attributions in certain situations, later called Gettier-type cases, wherein a protagonist is justified in believing something to be true but their belief was only correct due to luck. Lay people may not attribute knowledge to protagonists with justified but only luckily true beliefs. While some research has found evidence for these so-called Gettier intuitions (e.g., Machery et al., 2017a), Turri et al. (2015) found that participants attributed knowledge in Gettier-type cases at rates similar to cases of justified true belief. In a large-scale, cross-cultural conceptual replication of Turri and colleagues’ (2015) Experiment 1 (N = 4724), we failed to replicate this null result using a within-subjects design and three vignettes across 19 geopolitical regions. Instead, participants demonstrated Gettier intuitions; they were 1.86 times more likely to attribute knowledge to protagonists in standard cases of justified true belief than to protagonists in Gettier-type cases. These results suggest that Gettier intuitions may be common across different scenarios and cultural contexts. When assessing the knowledge of others, lay people may rely on a shared set of epistemic intuitions (i.e., a core folk epistemology) that requires more than simply justification, belief, and truth. However, the size of the Gettier intuition effect did vary by vignette, and the Turri et al. (2015) vignette produced the smallest effect. Thus, epistemic intuitions may also depend on contextual factors unrelated to the criteria of knowledge, such as the characteristics of the protagonist being evaluated.