bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Satellite observations reveal thirteen years of reservoir filling strategies, operating rules, and hydrological alterations in the Upper Mekong River Basin
Authors: Vu Dung Trung , Dang Thanh Duc , Galelli Stefano , Hossain Faisal
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The current situation in the Lancang–Mekong River Basin is emblematic of the issues faced by many transboundary basins around the world: riparian countries prioritize national water-energy policies and provide limited information on how major infrastructures are operated. In turn, such infrastructures and their management become a source of controversy. Here, we turn our attention to the Upper Mekong River, or Lancang, where a system of eleven mainstream dams controls about 55 % of the annual flow to Northern Thailand and Laos. Yet, assessing their actual impact is a challenging task because of the chronic lack of data on reservoir storage and dam release decisions. To overcome this challenge, we focus on the ten largest reservoirs and leverage satellite observations to infer 13-year time series of monthly storage variations. Specifically, we use area-storage curves (derived from a Digital Elevation Model) and time series of water surface area, which we estimate from Landsat images through a novel algorithm that removes the effects of clouds and other disturbances. We also use satellite radar altimetry data (Jason) to validate the results obtained from satellite imagery. Our results describe the evolution of the hydropower system and highlight the pivotal role played by Xiaowan and Nuozhadu reservoirs, which make up to ~85 % of the total system's storage in the Lancang River Basin. We show that these two reservoirs were filled in only two years, and that their operations did not change in response to the drought that occurred in the region in 2019–2020. Deciphering these operating strategies could help enrich existing monitoring tools and hydrological models, thereby supporting riparian countries in the design of more cooperative water-energy policies.
A 3D POINT CLOUD DEEP LEARNING APPROACH USING LIDAR TO IDENTIFY ANCIENT MAYA ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES
Authors: Richards-Rissetto H. , Newton D. , Al Zadjali A.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Airborne light detection and ranging (LIDAR) systems allow archaeologists to capture 3D data of anthropogenic landscapes with a level of precision that permits the identification of archaeological sites in difficult to reach and inaccessible regions. These benefits have come with a deluge of LIDAR data that requires significant and costly manual labor to interpret and analyze. In order to address this challenge, researchers have explored the use of state-of-the-art automated object recognition algorithms from the field of deep learning with success. This previous research, however, has been limited to the exploration of deep learning processes that work with only 2D data, which excludes the use of available 3D data. Our research addresses this gap and contributes knowledge on the use of deep learning-based processes that can classify archaeological sites from LIDAR generated 3D point cloud datasets. LIDAR data from the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Copan, Honduras is used as the primary dataset to compare the classification accuracy of deep learning models using 2D and 3D data. The results demonstrate that models using 3D point cloud datasets provide the greatest classification accuracy in identifying Maya archaeological sites while requiring less data preparation. Further, the research contributes knowledge on the efficacy of data augmentation strategies when working with small 3D datasets.
DOCUMENTING COMPLEXITY FOR THE 20TH CENTURY HERITAGE: THE ENRICHED 3D MODELS OF THE TURIN EXPOSITION NERVI’S HALLS DIGITIZATION
Authors: Sammartano G. , Patrucco G. , Perri S. , Ceravolo R. , Lenticchia E. , Spanò A.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Great attention is increasingly paid to the heritage belonging to the XX century, particularly for the spatial structures made of concrete, that are a significant trait of this modern movement architecture. Since they demand today urgent conservation plans sustaining their deterioration, the multidisciplinary researches should devotes a profound investigations for tailored approaches providing a clear indication of best practices and recommendation for correct 3D documentation, information management and structural assessment and monitoring. In this framework, the Geomatics approaches are advancing the interests toward the multi-scale and multi-sensor digitization and for supporting management of complex information in enriched 3D models. The iconic halls B and C in Torino Esposizioni (Italy), designed by Pier Luigi Nervi, is the case study presented. It was recently awarded by the Getty Keeping it Modern grant. The multi-disciplinary research conducted, still in progress, focuses a particularly into the investigation of the structural analysis and consistency of ferrocement elements of the vaulted system finalized to the structural condition assessment. Here the role of multi-scale and multi-sensor 3D models is investigated, such as the development of a digital twin of the halls as a starting point to create an enriched informative system. The reconstruction of this model particularly considering the large extension and the complexity of the spaces, is addressed to works as a collector of 3D multi-sensor data and information related to the diagnostic investigation on structural health monitoring for the durability of ferrocement elements.
SURVEY METHODOLOGIES AND 3D MODELLING FOR CONSERVATION OF HISTORICAL MASONRY BRIDGES
Authors: Trizio I. , Marra A. , Savini F. , Fabbrocino G.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The safeguarding and conservation of built heritage and historical infrastructures represent complex tasks, especially for administrations and stakeholders operating on peculiar and unique territories with specific cultural, social, and economic problems, such as the historical centres of Inner Areas. However, heritage conservation and management processes can be facilitated by multidisciplinary knowledge methodologies based on solutions offered by digital technologies in the field of documentation. This paper aims at defining novel procedures able to enhance available tools towards a real heritage e-government and e-conservation. The integration of laser scanning and photogrammetric survey-based techniques, as well as on the data of the multidisciplinary analysis available in a virtual environment, the implementation of the parametric model of a historical infrastructure has been investigated for assessing the issues related to the preservation and maintenance of these infrastructures, also in relation to their safety and enhancement. The application to a real case study pointed out the opportunities offered by new technologies in the integration of data coming from different research fields, and the reliability of parametric models in visual inspections and, as a consequence, in the planning of interventions of safeguard and conservation as well as those of valorisation of the historical heritage.
DIGITAL PRESENTATION AND COMMUNICATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE IN THE POST-PANDEMIC ERA
Authors: Wang F. F. , Du J.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. In the post-pandemic era, coronaviruses will forge a long-term coexistence with humanity, and the fight against the pandemic will become the normal. With international social isolation and limited physical space for communication during the COVID-19 pandemic, the digital communication of cultural heritage based on internet technology has not only proven the importance and necessity of cultural heritage digitalization, but will also greatly accelerate the digital transformation that has already begun. In the post-pandemic era, the accumulation of rich digital data on cultural heritage will form the basis for further cultural communication. However, the collection of digital data is not the final link in this digital chain. Effectively leveraging the advantages of the digital technology – which spreads rapidly and has a broad audience as well as vivid information presentation – to integrate and digitally process the existing and emerging cultural heritage data will continuously combine the cultural heritage with new communication technologies. We should use diversified media platforms to achieve further breakthroughs in the communication model, present the digital communication content of the cultural heritage showing the characteristics of the times, and form real and virtual interaction of cultural heritage in a converged media environment, in order to further ease interpersonal isolation and even space-time constraints brought about by the pandemic, reconstruct the communication ecology of cultural heritage, and inherit and utilize the precious wealth left to humanity by history.
EXPLORING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PLANNED PREVENTIVE CONSERVATION IN RURAL AREA: THE PRACTICE OF SHIFENG VILLAGE
Authors: Yang Y. , Xu Y. , He S. , Tang Z.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Villages have faced many crises in modern development. The architectural heritage is gradually declining in the changing social environment and is in urgent need of conservation. The research explores the methods of combining the concept of planned preventive conservation (PPC) with public participation to propose a low-tech approach of conserving rural architectural heritage, and has achieved significant outcomes in the village architectural heritage risk survey, architectural heritage monitoring and the development and use of conservation data management platform. The model has proven to be technologically and economically feasible, but still requires the support of local governments and grassroots managers for successful implementation in rural areas. Also, the way of public participation, applicability of tools and equipment, and the effectiveness of conservation need to be improved to better provide methodological guidelines for future village architectural heritage conservation practices.
APPLICATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE HEALTH CHECK IN THE IMMOVABLE CULTURAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION PRACTICE IN BEIJING
Authors: Zhou A. , Zhang J. , Zhang J.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Taking the immovable heritage in Daxing, Changping and Fangshan Districts in Beijing as case studies, starting from direct needs of the basic level, this paper aims to explore and establish a rapid, effective, promotional and regionalized risk screening and preventive conservation methodology for immovable cultural heritage by establishing work indicators and “cultural heritage health check”. Digital technologies and cloud database are used as recording and analysis tools.
A Review on Vaccination Drive for COVID-19 in India
Authors: . Yukta , Patil R.K , Patil H.C
Published: August 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic is destructing the whole world rapidly and also results in changing the order of human life. Various strategies and efforts are being applied by health experts to fight against the pandemic. Various vaccines are developed by researchers of different countries. The aim for developing the vaccines is to produce Herd immunity i.e. to resist the spread of SARS-CoV-2 virus. 8-12 years are required for the development of vaccine in normal circumstances but in emergency like Covid-19 pandemic vaccines get ready in 10 months by various methods like viral vector vaccines, mRNA based vaccines, inactivated vaccines. In India only three vaccines i.e. Covaxin, Covishield, and Sputnik-V get the Emergency Use Authorisation (EUA) from the drug controller general of India (DCGI). Vaccines vary in their efficacy that’s why only few vaccines get the emergency approval across the globe. These vaccines also show mild to moderate and in some case rare adverse effects.

Key words: Pandemic, Vaccines, Covid-19, Herd immunity, Adverse effects.
Awareness, Attitude and Use of Chlorhexidine Gel for Cord Care in a Well-Baby Clinic in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Aitafo Josephine Enekole , West Boma Awoala , Okari Tamunoiyowuna Grace
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Neonatal mortality rate in Nigeria is high and sepsis is a significant contributor. The World Health Organization recommends the use of 7.1% chlorhexidine gel for cord care to prevent neonatal sepsis and mortality.
Aim: The study aimed to assess the awareness, attitude and use of chlorhexidine gel for cord care among mothers in Port Harcourt.
Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in the well-baby clinic in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital for 3 months. A research proforma with questions to assess awareness, attitude and use of chlorhexidine gel for cord care practices among the participants was used to collect data and analyzed with SPSS version 23. A score of 70% or more was taken as benchmark for good awareness, attitude and use.
Result: A total of 199 mothers participated in the study, 126(63.3%) had heard of chlorhexidine gel, mostly from antenatal clinics. Thirty (23.8%) knew that it prevents neonatal infections, 74(58.7%) perceived it was effective, but only 19(9.6%) used it. About a third of the mothers had good awareness and attitude towards the use of chlorhexidine gel but only 18(9%) used it correctly. Mothers with tertiary level of education significantly had good attitude towards its use and poor knowledge correlated significantly with poor use, P < 0.05.
Conclusion: The level of awareness, attitude and use of CHX in cord care practices in Port Harcourt is poor. There is an urgent need to educate mothers on the proper use and benefits of chlorhexidine gel in cord care practices.

Key words: Chlorhexidine gel, Cord Care, Awareness, Attitude, Use, Port Harcourt.
THE IMPORTANCE OF RIVER VIRUS CONTROL, IT’S GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL CYCLE, PATHOGENESIS AND PROPHYLATIC MEASURES: A REVIEW.
Authors: ALVES Thiago Willame Barbosa , ANDRADE JÚNIOR Francisco Patricio de , BARBOSA Vanessa Santos de Arruda
Published: August 2021

The rabies is a zoonotic infection that attacks the central nervous system, being caused by a virus of RNA belonging to the Lyssavirus genus. The present study aimed to gather information about the importance of rabies virus (VR) control, correlating with its geographical distribution, biological cycle, pathogenesis and prophylactic measures. This is a review study in which the databases Medline/Pubmed, Lilacs, Scielo, Science Direct, thesis and dissertation bank of public universities and the national and international health committees were used. We analyzed 105 materials, of which 52 were included in this study, those that did not have relevant aspects about the proposed theme, were excluded. Rabies has a worldwide distribution, where its mortality reaches almost 100%. Therefore, permanent surveillance of the different components of the RV transmission chain is essential, in addition vaccination of domestic animals (dogs and cats) and post-exposure prophylaxis should be well performed to promote better prevention against this virus and to prevent possible development of this disease.
USE OF MANDACARU (Cereus Jamacaru) AS A NATURAL COAGULANT FOR WATER TREATMENT
Authors: SANTOS Joicy Ribeiro dos , VIEIRA Maslândia Nogueira
Published: August 2021

Before arriving at our houses, it passes for many steps on Water Treatment Stations, wherein one of them it is used industrial coagulants, mainly aluminum sulphate, in order to reduce the turbidity. Even being much efficient on that process, this coagulant shows many disadvantages, as the production in a large amount of sludge (which is dumped on rivers). It is growing the number of research which looks for substitute industrial coagulants for natural ones. Some published works use extracted polymer from different types of cactus. In order to obtain one simple methodology for water treatment, using a natural product on coagulation/flocculation process, this work uses cactus Mandacaru. The used water on this research was collected from Dourado River, in Currais Novos-RN. The parameters of turbidity and pH in triplicate were analyzed. The obtained results showed that the part of cactus between the core and the shell, named extern part, it showed more efficient. Analyses done for 240 minutes, using 1g of that material obtained reductions in turbidity value bigger than 90%. arriving to value less than 5 UNT, as recommend by legislation. There was no significant alteration in pH values of studied systems. Rural communities will be able to use this methodology in muddy water.
ALCHEMY IN THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD – MAGNUM IGNOTUM
Authors: VINOKUROV V. V. , VORONTSOVA M. V.
Published: August 2021

Alchemy in modern consciousness ceased to be perceived as a scientific fallacy which led to a mass of fruitless attempts to obtain the philosopher's stone, that is, some substance through which one can turn lead into gold. In modern artistic, philosophical and psychological works alchemy is present as a phenomenon the essence of which is mysterious and incomprehensible, or is lost. Alchemy and the philosopher's stone today in society are perceived as Magnum ign?tum (the Great Unknown). This perception is due, among other things, to the diversity of approaches to studying alchemy and its phenomena. The purpose of the article is to present the diversity of historically developed approaches to studying alchemy. The article attempts to apply the method of phenomenology of religion to alchemy. Phenomenology emphasizes, first of all, a structural relationship, rather than a historical one. The phenomenological method of investigation finds concretization in the geometric representation of the structure of alchemy, which correlates with the structure of the investigation of this phenomenon. The article shows that the diversity of approaches reflects the special topology of the phenomenon of alchemy, which makes it possible to obtain its various geometric sections and consider them separately, yet none of them embraces the phenomenon of alchemy as a whole. The materials of the article can be useful for a historical understanding of the motives for the development of science.
SCREENING ASSESSMENT OF LIGNINOLYTIC AND CELLULOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF BASIDIUM FUNGI STRAINS AND DEVELOPMENT OF STRAINS WITH HIGH POTENTIAL FOR WASTE FERMENTATION CATALYST “BIOVEL-FERMER”
Authors: MASLENNIKOV Sergey S , SELITSKAYA Olga V , SNEGIREV Dmitry V
Published: August 2021

Waste from agricultural animals (LHCSH, liquid and solid wastes from agricultural animals) causes severe environmental pollution; which is why many countries have national and regional programs to reduce the negative pressure of these wastes on the environmental state of the environment. The actual task of microbiology is the search for alternative methods of waste disposal, among which the most promising is composting. Unlike other ways of utilizing the LFA (liquid and solid wastes) of the SZHZH (agricultural animals) this method allows obtaining valuable biofertilizers and soil soils that are cheaper than traditional fertilizers. It has now been established that, for composting under production conditions, when only a limited number of microorganisms are possible, the conversion of the initial substrate is most effective when various heterotrophic organisms, in particular fungi with high cellulolytic and lignolytic potential, are used as bioactivators. Since the lignolytic and cellulose potentials are the main characteristics of basidiomycetes determining their biodegradation ability, the selection of effective "white rot" fungus strains will be carried out based on preliminary screening of their ligno- and cellulolytic activity.
APPLICATION OF THE CATALYST KI-MCM-41 IN THE OTERTIC OIL ESTERIFICATION REACTION (licania rigida Benth)
Authors: PEREIRA Marília Gabriela Araújo , SILVA Antônio Alex de Lima , MATIAS Luiz Gonzaga de Oliveira , CALDEIRA Vinicius Patrício da Silva , SANTOS Anne Gabriella Dias , SOUZA Luiz Di
Published: August 2021

The Biodiesel is renewable fuel constituted for monoalkyls esters of fatty acids, can be produced by vegetable oil, animal fat and even residual oils from food industry. However the most used oleaginous to produce is soy, being necessary search for another king of oleaginous that do not enter the food market competition. A research about oleaginous is necessary to evaluate the physical-chemical properties. The Oiticica Tree is a typical species from riparian forests of the caatinga. Its fruit is composed 70 % for a nut and content between 60 and 63% of oil in its chemical composition, presently mainly the licorice fatty acids (70 up to 80%) and linolenic (10 up to 12%). This study analyzed the physicochemical properties of the extracted oil from Oiticica Tree green nut in comparison with extracted oil from mature nuts in available studies. The Biodiesel from green nut was produced using as catalysts MCM-41 impregnated with potassium iodide (KI) in the concentrations 2,5 and 7,5%. The impregnation with KI slightly disorganized the structure and altered the textural properties of MCM-41 increasing the pore diameter and reducing pore volume and surface area, but the main typical peaks of MCM-41 were not destroyed. Before the application, the oil was hydrolyzed for the elimination of unsaponifiable materials after that a fatty acid esterification with different proportions of KI. The result was conversion of fatty acids preferably in acid esters, but also had the formation of materials of higher molar mass not identified in this study. In this way we can see that the oil from green seed in comparation with matures seed have different properties being necessary the pre-treatment for biodiesel reaction and the used catalysts provides different percentages of conversion to methyl esters.
MOLECULAR MODELING AND EVALUATION OF THERMAL, CONDUTIMETRIC AND SPECTRUM PROPERTIES OF ACID MALEIC FOR APPLICATION IN PROMISSORY CHEMICAL SYSTEMS
Authors: LIMA Francisco José Santos;  e , SILVA Jean Lucas Carvalho da , SILVA Ademir Oliveira da
Published: August 2021

In this work the chemical properties of the maleic acid C4H4O4 were investigated, through the modeling and molecular reactivity parameters, pH measurements and acid-base equilibrium study using the RAZES 1.0 program, molar conductivity measurements, thermal analysis, uv-visible spectra and oscillator strength to evaluate their potential viability in forming promising complex chemical systems capable of transforming, via inter-system transfer, dispersed electromagnetic radiation into selective light emitting systems or converters of radiation into electricity. It has been observed that the counter-cation of this acid has compatible molecular reactivity parameters for the formation of stable chemical bonds with metal receptors of electrons. Its 2: 1 electrolytic behavior reveals that it can function as a versatile, mono- and / or bidentate chelator, as well as mono- and / or bivalent chelator in the formation of complex adducts. Its thermal stability extends to 100ºC, where it decomposes almost totally to 400ºC under atmosphere of N2, ending with some carbon residue. Their spectra show strong absorption in the ultraviolet region, with the oscillator strength of the order of organic dyes, a property that reflects a careful investigation in the area of research and possible application in promising complex chemical systems.
APPLICATION OF GEOPROCESSMENT IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF AREAS FOR IMPLANTATION OF SANITARY LANDING IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF POMBAL – PB
Authors: ALMEIDA Simone Nóbrega Ribeiro , MACHADO Érica Cristine Medeiros , SILVA Michel Almeida da , NOÉ Jussamara Rodrigues , ALMEIDA Ricardo Ricelli Pereira de
Published: August 2021

The inadequate disposal of solid waste is one of the serious problems faced by modern society. An alternative to this provision in an environmentally appropriate manner is landfills. In this way, the municipality of Pombal - PB together with other surrounding municipalities, seek the implementation of a consortium sanitary landfill in order to comply with current legislation. The objective of this study was to identify, through geoprocessing, suitable areas for the implantation of a sanitary landfill in the city of Pombal - PB, observing environmental, social and economic criteria. The size of the land required for the landfill was estimated. Subsequently, three areas were evaluated, following pre-established criteria and note assignment. As for spatial data processing, Qgis 2.18 was used. With this, it was preliminarily selected Area 1 as a possible area for landfill implantation, since it was the one that best met the established criteria.
STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF GASOLINE ENGINE EMISSIONS WITH La2O3/Zn/Na CATALYST
Authors: CHIRINOS COLLANTES Hugo David , LAZO CAMPOSANO Roberto , PEREZ ALARCON Renzo
Published: August 2021

The results of gasoline engine emissions purchased by the Toyota ANZ1 are statistically evaluated with the catalyst developed (La2O3/Zn/Na). The tests were carried out in the combustion test bench developed. The results show that the percentage of CO emissions increases as the engine speed increases, reaching values higher than 4%, with the original catalyst being that with the catalyst developed, which contains 5% by weight of Lanthane emissions of CO are close to 2%, but when the engine doesn´t have the oxygen sensor. When the concentration of Lanthane is 7,5%, the efficiency reaches 7% of CO removal and 32% of HC removal. The statistical test T for independent samples indicates that the original catalyst and that developed presently a statistically significant difference in catalytic efficiency. On the contrary, when the oxygen sensor is connected, the catalyst developed is also efficient. On the other hand the emissions of HC decrease as the engine speed increases reaching values close to 200ppm which corresponds to the EURO III standard, being that with the catalyst developed, which contains 7,5% by weight of LNG, the HC emissions It is 147ppm showing good performance.
THEORETICAL FUNDAMENTALS FOR DETERMINING SOIL EROSION POTENTIAL (ENERGY CONCEPT) PART 1
Authors: IvanI Maksimov  AnasA , NailR Adigamov , DamirT Mustafin , IlnarN Khaliullin , Gayaziev Alexandr V. , Matyashin Ruslan R. Lukmanov
Published: August 2021

Solving problems of anti-erosion technology and machinery design is associated with finding an integral objective parameter that would meet piratical requirements and develop an acceptable determination method. Therefore, the research objective is to develop an integral criterion to determine soil erosion potential (SEP). As a value to characterize SEP it is prosed to use energy ΔА expended to erode and remove the unit weight of a soil mass Δm under specific conditions of its occurrence. Consequently, the development of theoretical prerequisites for the problem under consideration, as well as the experimental determination of ΔА and Δm, can reveal the main regularities in the physical mechanism of erosion processes. We propose to use the thermodynamic potential method to describe soil erosion processes. It has been shown that the Gibbs thermodynamic potential is the most suitable for this purpose since it is possible to design devices for the experimental measurement of independent variables. SEP is an additive and constant value for a given soil and expresses its properties, i.e. it can be adopted as a single integral criterion for assessing the resistance of soils to erosion.
DEVELOPMENT OF VERIFICATION STANDARDS FOR BRINELL AND ROCKWELL HARDNESS TESTS
Authors: FABRICIO Daniel Antonio Kapper , TREVISAN Lisiane , SARTORI Cecília
Published: August 2021

The hardness test is one of the most important mechanical tests used by the metal-mechanical industry. The quality assurance of the measured results is mainly due to the human factor, which is involved in the verification, adjustment, and operation of the measuring equipment. Therefore, the main goal of this paper is to design and develop verification standards for Brinell (HB) and Rockwell (HRC) scales from low alloy carbon steels subjected to different types of heat treatment. In order to assure the reliability of the hardness values of the verification standards, they have been measured on equipment calibrated by laboratories belonging to the Brazilian Calibration Network (RBC). The results showed similar values based on ten measurements made on the standards surface.
CONCENTRATION OF ALUMINUM, IRON AND MANGANESE IN URBAN RIVERS LOCATED IN A COVERAGE AREA OF THE GUARANI AQUIFER IN LAGES - SC
Authors: LUNARDI Willian Galdino , SIEGLOCH Ana Emilia , RECH Angela Fonseca , MAFRA Maria Sueli Heberle , KEMPKA Aniela Pinto
Published: August 2021

The objective of the current study was to evaluate the concentration of aluminum (Al), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) on water and on the sediment of urban rivers (Carahá, Caveiras and Ponte Grande) in Lages, located on the mountain region of Santa Catarina, placed in a coverage area of the Guarani Aquifer. The water and sediment samples were collected between May and October of 2016 in three urban rivers, following an environmental disturbance gradient. For the extraction of the metals present on the sample, it was used the methods 3030 - Standard Methods of Water and Wastewater (2005) for the water samples and ISO 11,466 (1995) for the sediment samples. The quantification of metals was performed through a high- resolution spectrometer with atomic absorption, with a flame automation (acetylene-air or nitrous oxide-air). To evaluate the quantification, it was used a certified material (SRM 2709a - San Joaquin Soil - NIST). On the water samples were found concentrations of Mn above of class III, defined by the Resolution 357/05 of the Environment National Board-Brazil. The Pearson correlation matrix showed a positive correlation between the variables Al/Fe, Fe/Mn e Al/Mn on sediment and Fe/Mn on water. For the sediment, it was found high concentrations of Al, Fe, and Mn in some of the samples. By the results found, it is evinced an increase in the concentration of Al and Fe on the Carahá river sediment, and concentrations of Al, Fe, and Mn on the Ponte Grande river sediment, on the spots located at Lages - SC.
FT-RAMAN AND GC/MS OF EXTRACT AND EPICUTICULAR WAXES OF ANACARDIUM OCCIDENTALE L. LEAVES FROM AMAZON
Authors: RAMOS Glenda Quaresma , MOREIRA DE ALMEIDA Sheylla Susan , AMARAL Ana Claudia Fernandes , MAIA DA COSTA Marcelo , DA FONSECA FILHO Henrique Duarte
Published: August 2021

Anacardium occidentale is a globally known plant and has great economic importance in the food and resins industry. In traditional medicine, several uses are made of leaves in the treatment of gastrointestinal and skin diseases. Its biological properties have been confirmed in antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory studies. This work aimed to analyze the chemical composition of the ethanolic extract and the wax epicuticulares of the leaves of A. occidentale by means of the Gas Chromatography (GC/MS) and Raman Spectroscopy (FT-Raman) techniques. FT-Raman analysis showed a stretch of the C-H2, characteristic band in plant epicuticular waxes. In CG/MS a complex of aliphatic and cyclic mixtures was observed, among them alkanes and triterpenes. In the ethanolic extract the terpenes were the majority compounds by CG/MS. The knowledge of the chemical composition of A. occidentale, mainly of the epicuticular waxes, is important due to its relevance in the market, and it becomes a starting point for new studies of agroecological knowledge, such as the properties of epicuticular waxes in the interaction with the environment , pathogens and herbicides, and also for the search of new pharmacological properties.
DETERMINANTS OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: DEVI Yuli Puspita , ABDILLAH Rumaisah , MUTHMAINNAH Muthmainnah
Published: August 2021

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a glucose tolerance disorder that first appears during pregnancy. GDM can cause a variety of obstetric and perinatal complications for pregnant women and their fetuses. The prevalence of GDM in the city of Surabaya in 2015 amounted to 2.29%, increasing to 3.88% in 2018. Aim: The purpose of this study was to analyze the determinants (family history of diabetes mellitus, BMI, history of birth weight, parity, and the age of the pregnant woman) that influence the GDM. Methods: This research is an analytical study with an observational approach. The research design was carried out using a case-control study. In this study, the number of samples was 36 people, 6 cases, and 30 people as controls, and were taken randomly. The data source obtained from secondary data (medical records of pregnant women) at Mulyorejo Health Center Surabaya. The analysis used in this study was a simple logistic regression test. Results and Discussion: The result showed an effect of a family history of diabetes mellitus (p = 0.035) on the incidence of GDM. Parity was a potential variable (p = 0.077) on the incidence of GDM. Meanwhile, BMI, history of birth weight, and mother's age did not affect the incidence of GDM. Conclusion: Pregnant women with a family history of diabetes who are not balanced with maintaining a good lifestyle can experience complications of developing GDM.
ESTIMATING OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS/MODULES PARAMETERS USING A TRIANGULAR ADAPTIVE DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION ALGORITHM
Authors: HIENDRO Ayong , YUSUF Ismail , JUNAIDI ERWAN Komala
Published: August 2021

Background: Photovoltaic (PV) systems have become a promising renewable energy technology for electricity sources. The PV parameter estimation plays a vital role in modeling PV systems. Even though many optimization algorithms have been presented to obtain PV parameters, it is still challenging to investigate high-performance algorithms. Aim: This study aimed to propose a triangular adaptive differential evolution (TADE) algorithm to give a precise estimate of PV parameters. Methods: RTC-France PV cell, Photowatt-PWP 201 PV module, and KC200GT PV module were used as the case studies by using diode circuit models. The root mean square error (RMSE) between measured and estimated data was adopted to define PV parameter objective functions. A Friedman test was used to assess the reliability of algorithms. The parameter estimation results were cross-checked to confirm the accuracy of TADE algorithm performances. The PV module operating under various weather conditions was also performed to evaluate the TADE algorithm. Results and Discussion: The results verified that in most of the cases, the TADE algorithm surpassed other state-of-the-art optimization algorithms. For the double-diode model, the TADE algorithm obtained the RTC-France PV cell parameters with the RMSE value of 9.8243x10-04, the most accurate of all algorithms. Experimental results also showed that the TADE algorithm presented an excellent capability and accuracy in discovering the PV parameters and provided the best estimates for I-V and P-V experimental data of real PV cells and modules. Conclusions: The results have proven that the TADE algorithm has a great performance in terms of accuracy, reliability, and convergence speed for estimating PV parameters, even in different weather conditions
CYTOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE DYNAMICS OF THE WOUND PROCESS IN PURULENT LESIONS OF THE DIABETIC FOOT SYNDROME WITH THE USE OF PROGRAMMABLE REHABILITATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: SERGEEV Vladimir Anatolievich , GLUKHOV Alexander Anatolyevich , SOROKIN Alexander Sergeevich
Published: August 2021

Background: Purulent lesions of the feet in diabetes mellitus bring excruciating suffering to the patient, reduce the quality of life and often lead to limb amputation and possible death. The disappointing results of the treatment of purulent complications of diabetes encourage the search for both new approaches to treatment and methods for assessing the reparative potential of wound defects. Aim: This study aimed to improve the treatment of purulent-necrotic complications of the diabetic foot by studying the morphological assessment of healing processes when using promising treatment methods such as then programmed debridement. Methods: Over the past 10 years, the results of treatment of 106 patients with purulent-necrotic complications of diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) without critical ischemia have been analyzed. The patients were randomized into two groups. In the experimental group (n = 55), after surgical treatment, the wound was sutured tightly, and in the postoperative period, programmed debridement was carried out using the original AMP-01 device. In the control group of patients (n = 51), the purulent wound was not sutured after the operation, and local treatment was carried out with solutions of iodophors, ointments based on polyethylene glycol. To assess the dynamics of reparative processes in purulent wounds, a cytological method was used, which makes it possible to quickly and reliably assess the stage of the wound process and the effectiveness of the treatment. The simplicity and availability of the method allows it to be recommended to all practicing specialists. Results and Discussion: In the experimental group, by day 9 after surgery, the number of degenerative forms of neutrophils in cytological smears was 2.9 times lower than in the control group - 12.3 ± 0.3% versus 36.4 ± 0.4% (p 0.001) - and the RDI indicator in experimental group was 3.4 times higher compared with the control group - 2.6 ± 0.1 and 0.9 ± 0.1, respectively (p 0.001). This indicated more active phagocytosis, more rapid cleansing of the purulent cavity. An earlier appearance of cells of young connective tissue was observed in the experimental group. The number of fibroblasts by day 9 after surgery was 4.6 times higher (6.4 ± 0.4%) than in the control group - 1.4 ± 0.1% (p 0.001), which confirmed the presence of active regenerative processes in the wound. Conclusions: The use of programmable sanitation technologies in treating purulent complications of a diabetic foot leads to a more significant reduction in the duration of the inflammation phase and acceleration of reparative processes
Vertical Brand Extension Strategy of L'Oreal Group
Authors: Kim Na-Rae , Chang Mee-Sook
Published: August 2021

To compete in the current cosmetics market, strategic changes are needed according to the target market. Therefore, in this study, L'Oreal Group, the No. 1 global sales company, was selected as the subject of the study to study vertical brand expansion strategies used within the cosmetics industry. The purpose of the study is to analyze the vertical brand expansion strategy of L'Oreal Group and examine its effectiveness. The method of research is qualitative research that considers degree papers, journals, related books, and accounting materials from 1995 to 2020 by the L'Oreal Group. The results of the study are as follows. First, after examining L'Oreal Group's vertical brand expansion strategy, it was found that it used strategies such as ‘Mergers and Acquisitions of Various Brands’, ‘Brand Management by Business Department’, and ‘Localization’. Second, looking at the vertical brand expansion effect of L'Oreal Group, it was found that it gained the effect of ‘Increasing Sales’, ‘Strengthening Brands’, and ‘Ease Market Access’. Therefore, it can be concluded that the effect of a differentiated vertical brand expansion strategy played a role in L'Oreal Group's growth into the world's No. 1 cosmetics company. This suggests that utilization based on success stories is important, not indiscriminate application of vertical brand expansion strategies. We hope that further research will be conducted on the vertical brand expansion and online business trends of cosmetics companies in the future.
The Influence of Service Factors on Customer Satisfaction in Makeup Salons
Authors: Kim Hae-Yoon , Kim Sun-Hyoung
Published: August 2021

This study attempted to investigate the influence of makeup service factors on customer satisfaction empirically to provide basic data that would help makeup salons enhance customer satisfaction and set a proper direction for services. The results found the following: Among makeup service factors, ‘quality of cosmetics,’ ‘makeup artists’ skills,’ and ‘makeup artists’ reputation and kindness’ revealed a positive correlation with customer satisfaction with statistical significance. Also, ‘makeup artists’ reputation and kindness’ and ‘makeup artists’ skills’ positively affected customer satisfaction with statistical significance. The results confirm that ‘makeup artists’ reputation and kindness’ and ‘makeup artists’ skills’ have the greatest influence on customer satisfaction. The study results found that customer satisfaction with makeup services could be enhanced by increases in ‘reasonable service charge,’ ‘makeup artists’ skills,’ and ‘makeup artists’ reputation and kindness,’ thereby increasing revisit rates and making a significant contribution making makeup salons more competitive.
DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIAL PROCESSES IN THE MURMANSK REGION IN THE CONTEXT OF PENSION REFORM IMPLEMENTATION
Authors:   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies – Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre «Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences», Skufina Tatiana P. , Baranov Sergey V. ,   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies – Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre «Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences»
Published: August 2021

The article deals with demographic and social processes in the Murmansk Oblast in the context of the implementation of pension reform in the Russian Federation. Theoretical and methodological ideas concerning the pension policy in the world and in the Russian Federation are summed up; the influence of retirement age increase on the number of working-age population in Russia and in the Murmansk region is estimated; sentiments of population of the Murmansk region in the context of the pension reform are revealed.
ON THE POSSIBILITY OF AN EFFECTIVE RESPONSE TO THE INDUSTRIAL CHALLENGE IN THE CONTEXT OF HUMAN-NATURE INTERACTION
Authors:   Karelian Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tolstoguzov Oleg V.
Published: August 2021

. The report shows that natural rent-generating factors with significant transaction costs are suppressed by institutional and spatially related factors. The law of spatial inequality of opportunities and prospects for the development of territories is formulated. The law leads to cognitive dissonance (in the methodology of measuring economic and natural capital) and decupling (in the practice of interaction between the center and the periphery). In order to start moving towards a real resolution of the contradiction between economy and nature, it is necessary to revise the approach within the framework of a new rationality, when the focus is not on production structures, but on the reproductive territorial structures of social relations (considered in the key of geosystems in the context of understanding the co-evolution of social systems and ecosystems). The study emphasizes the need to take into account the institutional matrix, the balance of extractive and inclusive institutions and other spatially related factors within the framework of the center-periphery interaction model.
MANAGING SCIENTIFIC POTENTIAL IN THE MODERN KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Economics, Vorotynskaya Aleksandra M. , Pozdeeva Ekaterina A. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Economics
Published: August 2021

The management of scientific potential is one of the components of the knowledge economy at the level of enterprises, regions and the national economy. Currently, there is a problem of assessing the quality of scientific materials, caused, among other things, by the low practice-oriented nature of many studies. In order to improve the quality of scientific knowledge, it is proposed to introduce a project approach implemented within the framework of the triad «science-state-business». The article presents the determinants of the project approach in the management of scientific potential. This approach is based on the fact that innovationoriented companies act as customers for research activities carried out by universities and institutes.
MUNICIPAL PROJECTION OF THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT GOALS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Institute for Regional Economy Studies Russian Academy of Sciences, Sviridenko Marina V. , Leontieva Anna N. ,   Institute for Regional Economy Studies Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2021

The article presents the role of municipalities in achieving the national development goals of the Russian Federation and the problems of interaction in this context between regional and federal authorities and local self-government bodies. The authors single out the personnel support of the municipal management level as the most important condition for the successful implementation of national development priorities.
Finite Element Stress Analysis of PEEK, Glass Fiber and Zirconia Post-Core Sys-tems in Maxillary Central Incisor
Authors: ÖZARSLAN Merve , BÜYÜKKAPLAN Ulviye , ÖZARSLAN Mehmet Mustafa , TÜRKER Nurullah , ÇELİK H. Kürşat
Published: August 2021

Objective: This study aims to analyze structural strength features (such as deformation and stress distributions) of polyether ether ketone (PEEK), glass fiber and zirconia post-core systems utilized in maxillary central incisor roots by means of finite element analysis (FEA).

Material and Method: The main geometry of maxillary central incisor considered in this study was obtained using an intraoral scanner. Other sub-components were modelled in a parametric computer aided design software based on the data obtained from the literature. Glass fiber, PEEK and zirconia were defined as post materials. 100 N force was applied with 45° angle on the palatal surface of veneered tooth in the FEA set up. The FEA was solved with linear material model and static linear loading assumptions through a commercial FEA code. Visuals and numerical results related to equivalent stress (Von Mises) and deformation distributions were interpreted.

Results: Maximum equivalent stress value of 32.76 MPa was calculated at the PEEK post-core. The maximum values for glass fiber and zirconia posts were 0.80 MPa and 21.17 MPa, respectively. Maximum equivalent stress values at the tooth roots in the glass fiber, zirconia and PEEK posts were 72.79 MPa, 69.01 MPa and 58.22 MPa respectively.

Conclusion: The stress magnitude experienced at the PEEK post-cores on the root was lower than glass fiber post and zirconia post. Regarding to this, although, it may be concluded that PEEK may reduce the complications that require tooth extraction in clinical practice, further researches are suggested including clinical trials.
Several ecological aspects of the hymenoptera complex in a plum orchard (II)
Authors:   Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, Eliseev Serghei , Sumencova Victoria ,   Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, Iordosopol Elena ,   Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova
Published: August 2021

The present paper treats several ecological peculiarities of the hymenopteran complex in a plum orchard. The intense flight activity for Hymenoptera complex was observed in the second half of the vegetation season starting from the first decade of August as a result of stopping phytopharmaceutical treatments. The most number of specimens was registered in four families. Parasitoids ocuppy 89.0% out of all Hymenoptera, being of great importance for plant protection. Hymenoptera form 21.0% out of total plum canopy fauna number in 2017. They occupy the second place in total fauna number. The percentage of Hymenoptera out of total arthropods’ number is 66.0%, the rest beneficial mesofauna has just 34.0% in 2017.
Новые аспекты в комплексе паразитов чешуекрылых вредителей сливы и этологии сливовой толстоножки
Authors:   Институт Генетики, Физиологии и Защиты Растений, Республика Молдова, Иордосопол Елена , Маевский Валентина ,   Институт Генетики, Физиологии и Защиты Растений, Республика Молдова
Published: August 2021

This work contains information on the role of nectar-bearing grasses in attracting parasites of the main plum pests, their localization and the formation of entomological microreserves, comparing it with the seasonal dynamics of the number of the main plum pests Grapholitha funebrana Tr, G. molestae B, Anarsia lineatela L. On the ethological aspects of the stone fruit pest of the plum Eurytoma schreneri S. in comparison to different varieties of plum.