bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Multiscale Material Modeling Approach to Predict the Mechanical Properties of Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) Metal
Authors: Li Yang , Xu Hongyi , Lai Wei-Jen , Li Ziang , Su Xuming
Published: September 2020

Metal parts manufactured via the powder bed fusion (PBF) process have drawn tremendous interest in the automotive industry. While numerous studies have shown the unique microstructure of the metal from the PBF process, significant variation of material properties with process parameters has been widely observed, indicating that huge amounts of experiments are required during material characterization. Thus, multiscale material modeling approaches are in great demand so that the properties of the metals via the PBF process can be predicted with confidence, to save costs and time during the design stage. In the present study, a multiscale modeling approach is proposed in which the microscale and mesoscale models are considered in finite element analysis. At the microscale, the model captures the microstructure characteristics within the melt pools to predict the representative properties resulting from epitaxial grain morphology and orientation. The properties are then homogenized and input into a mesoscale model in which the “fish-scale-like” melt pools and boundaries between them are modeled. Stochastic reconstruction of the micro- and mesoscale models are performed based on statistical microstructure information obtained from optical micrographs and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Predicted mechanical properties are compared with experimental data to demonstrate the capability of the approach. The study keeps focus on AlSi10Mg built by selective laser melting (SLM), while universal applicability to other material systems is expected.
Preclinical Testing of a Novel, Additive-Manufactured, Three-Dimensional Porous Titanium Structure
Authors: Woodard Erik , Post Zach , Morrison Mark
Published: September 2020

When considering orthopedic implants for bone growth, several factors such as porosity, pore size, stiffness, friction, and strength can affect bone growth and contribute to the long-term success of the implant. Additive manufacturing is one tool to help achieve the ideal factors for implant structures and materials. Smith+Nephew has developed an additive manufactured (AM), Ti-6Al-4V advanced porous structure designed to be similar to cancellous bone with up to 80% porosity. This structure is currently used as part of both acetabular shells and augments. This paper describes the preclinical testing of this advanced porous structure that comprised coupon-level and device-level testing. The critical parameters that can influence bone ingrowth, such as pore size (mean void intercept length, or MVIL) and porosity, were measured. The ability of the three-dimensional porous structure to withstand compressive, tensile, and shear forces was evaluated in static (monotonic) testing. Finally, bone ingrowth was assessed in a load-bearing ovine model. Clinically relevant device-level fatigue testing was conducted in foam blocks with a cavity and adjacent rim defect to simulate the acetabulum. The strength of the locking screw hole features was assessed using static and fatigue cantilever bending and pull-through strength. Acetabular constructs were also fatigue tested in an unsupported model with an adjacent augment and corresponding defect. Constructs completed all clinically relevant fatigue testing with no fractures.
Optimizing X-Ray Computed Tomography Settings for Dimensional Metrology Using 2D Image Analysis
Authors: Chahid Younes , Townsend Andrew , Liu Alexander , Bills Paul , Sperling Philip , Racasan Radu
Published: September 2020

The current way to choose X-ray computed tomography (XCT) scanning settings is usually manual and prone to operator errors. This paper presents an effective semiautomatic protocol that proves a high correlation between the local contrast-to-noise (CNR) of XCT two-dimensional (2D) projection image (prior to reconstruction) quality and the resulting XCT 3D volume scan quality. This high correlation allowed the comparison of four XCT settings to determine the one with the smallest error, solely by locally using the CNR equation on one 2D projection (prior to reconstruction) of an additive manufactured lattice structure. Verification of the protocol was done by using a workpiece and comparing the chosen XCT setting reconstructed workpiece dimensions to the ones measured using a coordinate-measuring machine (CMM). This new method can reduce the operator error and time needed to compare different XCT setting combinations. The proposed protocol is a step closer to an automated XCT parameter selection procedure, limiting user dependency and error while increasing accuracy and fidelity.
A Critical Discussion on the Diffraction-Based Experimental Determination of Residual Stress in AM Parts
Authors: Mishurova Tatiana , Serrano-Muñoz Itziar , Fritsch Tobias , Ulbricht Alexander , Sprengel Maximilian , Evans Alexander , Kromm Arne , Madia Mauro , Bruno Giovanni
Published: September 2020

As opposed to reviewing results on experimental determination of residual stress by diffraction, this paper discusses the open issues when dealing with residual stress determination in additive manufactured parts, in particular those manufactured with laser powder bed fusion techniques. Three points are addressed in detail: (a) the proper determination of the strain-free reference d0, (b) the problem of the determination of the principal axes, and (c) the use of the correct diffraction elastic constants. It is shown that all methods to determine the strain-free reference d0 suffer from caveats, and care must be taken in evaluating the most suitable for the problem being tackled. In addition, it is shown that, in some systems, the principal axes do correspond to the geometrical axes of the specimen, but this needs to be systematically checked, especially in the case of uni- or bidirectional hatching strategies. Finally, the need to experimentally determine the proper diffraction elastic constants is underlined, especially in the case of strongly textured specimens, which again depends on the deposition strategy.
Residual Stress Formation in Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB) of Invar 36
Authors: Yakout Mostafa , Elbestawi Mohamed A.
Published: September 2020

Laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB), also known as selective laser melting (SLM), is a metal additive manufacturing process associated with residual stress formation due to rapid heating and cooling. This paper aims at investigating residual stresses and deflections of Invar 36 parts produced using a selective laser melting machine that is equipped with a 400-W ytterbium fiber laser source. Invar 36 has been used in the aerospace industry for the past decade because it is known for its ferromagnetic property, high strength, and improved toughness. Invar 36 has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion below its Curie temperature (279ºC); therefore, it is a good candidate for the PBF-LB process because it shows low thermal stresses and small deflections. Parts manufactured by the PBF-LB process usually experience void formation, internal cracks, metallurgical changes, vaporization of alloying elements, and residual stress formation. In this paper, evolution of residual stresses and deflections of Invar 36 parts is analyzed using a coupled thermal-mechanical finite element model in ANSYS Additive 19.2 software. The numerical results are validated experimentally. Residual stresses are measured using an X-ray diffraction (XRD) instrument, and part deflections are measured using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM). Parts are produced at the optimum process parameters for Invar 36 in order to eliminate the formation of excessive residual stresses during the PBF-LB process. These optimum process parameters that give the smallest deflections and lowest residual stresses are tested using the finite element model. In addition, the relationships between the thermal properties of Invar 36 and the process-induced residual stresses and deflections are discussed.
Toward Understanding the Role of Surface Texture for Additively Manufactured Metal Parts
Authors: Brooks Adam J. , Dhakad Arushi , Diaz Agustin , Kowalik Daniel
Published: September 2020

In the interest of evaluating as-built and finished surfaces of additively manufactured (AM) parts, the surfaces of AM parts must be better understood. The variability in surface quality of an AM produced part, both before and after surface finishing, has made it difficult to standardize reporting methodologies for measurement and characterization. While previous standards provide a starting point for measurement, the surfaces of metal powder bed fusion (MPBF) AM parts vary greatly from conventionally machined and formed parts. Recent work at EWI through the ASTM Additive Manufacturing Center of Excellence is concentrating on developing a standardized guide for measuring surface texture, part characterization, and metrics of AM parts. While this guide is currently under development, here we review the current state of surface texture with respect to AM, its analysis, and we describe the associated challenges. Areas of focus include measurement, analysis, and application-based issues such as comparing metrics across measurement techniques (contact stylus profilometry, laser confocal, focus variation, coherence scanning interferometry), knowing the appropriate bandpass filters to use for analysis, and how to incorporate inspection into AM part design. Mainly, there is a large disconnect among the AM, surface metrology, materials science, and application realms in regards to optimal AM surface specifications, indicating a high need for collaborative efforts among these groups.
Full-Scale High-Load, Thermal, and Fatigue Testing of Additive Manufactured Powder Bed Fusion Component for Oil Field Applications
Authors: Sanders Matthew Wayne , Rowe Adam , Divi Suresh
Published: September 2020

As the usage of additive manufacturing (AM) expands into more critical applications, the need to establish confidence in the expected performance and reliability of AM components also becomes more critical. Significant research and efforts have been made public related to the qualification of AM components for aerospace and medical applications; however, very little information has been presented with regard to the use of AM within the oil and gas industry. The harsh and demanding environments of oil and natural gas production present unique and challenging conditions for AM components to withstand. To help address this lack of information, a case study AM component was created to showcase the types of features that can be created using the AM process while designing for oil field conditions. An Alloy 625 laser powder bed fusion printed component was created and analyzed via a finite element model (FEM) and then statically load tested and fatigue tested to simulate typical oil field conditions. Various properties, including hardness, were documented along with the microstructure. Corrosion testing was also performed to compare the critical pitting temperature of the Alloy 625 AM material to a traditional wrought Alloy 625 material. Full-scale tests performed included axial compression loading to more than 80,000 lb, rotational bending fatigue testing to more than 10 million cycles, combined load testing of 5,000 ft·lb torque and bending, flame impingement, and rapid cryogenic temperature cyclizing. After each testing stage, the part was inspected for crack indications. The compression test was monitored using advanced digital image correlation (DIC) to monitor the strain deformation of the part during testing. The results of the testing were compared to the FEM using the DIC data and found to be in good agreement.
eHealth in the European Union – Comparative Study
Authors: Ardielli Eva
Published: September 2020

eHealth is one of the global modern trends in IT, medicine and politics. It is a broad term that refers to electronization of healthcare and health services and mainly describes the use of information and communication technologies in healthcare. In practice, the evaluation of eHealth is an important matter because it leads to selection of appropriate measures for further progress in the field of electronic healthcare. What is more, it proposes recommendations for the development of eHealth in the EU countries. The article is focused on the comparison of eHealth implementation in the European Union member states. The analysis is performed by means of ELECTRE III method. The results of the empirical research further evaluate the state of eHealth implementation in all European Union member states by selected criteria and enable the comparison of the eHealth implementation in the international context. The results are verified by application of MAPPAC method. It has been acknowledged that the best ranking countries in this area has been obtained by Denmark, Finland, Estonia and Sweden.
The development of the nonprofit sector in Russian regions: main challenges
Authors: Artamonova Anna
Published: September 2020

This article aims at identifying the main barriers hindering development of the nonprofit sector in Russian regions. The research is based on the conviction that the development of the nonprofit sector is crucial for the regional socio-economic system and depends upon civic engagement. The results of an analysis of available statistical data and a sociological survey conducted in one of the Russian regions reveal that the share of the Russians engaged in volunteer activities is low; over 80% of the population do not participate in public activities; less than 10% have definite knowledge of working nonprofit organizations. The study allowed identifying three groups of the main barriers and formulating some recommendations for their overcoming.
The Influence of Rate and Accentuation on Subjective Rhythmization
Authors: Poudrier Ève
Published: September 2020

The parsing of undifferentiated tone sequences into groups of qualitatively distinct elements is one of the earliest rhythmic phenomena to have been investigated experimentally (Bolton, 1894). The present study aimed to replicate and extend these findings through online experimentation using a spontaneous grouping paradigm with forced-choice response (from 1 to 12 tones per group). Two types of isochronous sequences were used: equitone sequences, which varied only with respect to signal rate (200, 550, or 950 ms interonset intervals), and accented sequences, in which accents were added every two or three tones to test the effect of induced grouping (duple vs. triple) and accent type (intensity, duration, or pitch). In equitone sequences, participants’ grouping percepts (N = 4,194) were asymmetrical and tempo-dependent, with “no grouping” and groups of four being most frequently reported. In accented sequences, slower rate, induced triple grouping, and intensity accents correlated with increases in group length. Furthermore, the probability of observing a mixed metric type—that is, grouping percepts divisible by both two and three (6 and 12)—was found to be highest in faster sequences with induced triple grouping. These findings suggest that lower-level triple grouping gives rise to binary grouping percepts at higher metrical levels.
Facts and Recommendations of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: An Update
Authors: The BASE Medicine Task Force
Published: September 2020

Since the first SARS-CoV-2 infection was officially reported at the end of 2019, COVID-19 has quickly swept the world like a terrifying demon. The whole world is like entering a biological terrorist attack. Everyone seeks all kinds of useful or useless self-protection amidst extreme panic and uncomfortable sadness. The shutdown of the world has brought the entire pandemic crisis into an unprecedented level of confusion. In this process, various forces wrestled with each other, and even science and politics were mixed and strangled. This jumbled together of fish and dragons has cast a shadow of uncertainty over the entire atmosphere of fighting the pandemic. This updated task force provides the latest information on the SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 from its occurrence, development, therapeutics, and prevention. Over several months, although the scientific community has spared no effort in searching for effective drugs that can effectively fight against SARS-CoV-2, the facts are not satisfactory. This task force provides potentially useful therapeutic information after careful identification and screening. It is hoped that it will play a meaningful role in the entire process of the siege of SARS-CoV-2. Simultaneously, this task force makes a more detailed comment on the development of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. In the face of the global pandemic, various forces should work together to find useful medical methods to control SARS-CoV-2 as soon as possible instead of mutual condemnation. We cannot control the virus’s mutation, whereas we will never lose our confidence in defeating the virus and taking off the masks to return to normal.
A novel wood adhesive based on yeast hydrolysate
Authors: Bai Mingyang , Huang Yepeng , Huang Suzhen , Wang Shujie , Chen Wanjuan , Hou Xianfeng , Gao Zhenzhong
Published: September 2020

Due to certain problems with petroleum-based products, the development of a renewable and green adhesive is urgent and important. Yeast hydrolysate, which contains more than 55% protein, possesses many advantages in its source (it originates from yeast as opposed to petroleum) and environmental protection. In this work, a wood adhesive based on yeast hydrolysate was developed through the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), polyvinyl alcohol, and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE) to improve properties of the yeast hydrolysate adhesive via the epoxy group in EGDE. The influence of EGDE on the adhesive properties (density, viscosity, solid content, bonding strength, and curing temperature) was investigated. The thermal property and changes in molecular structure during curing were characterized via differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. These results indicated that a ring-opening reaction between the epoxy group of EGDE and the active group had an important influence on the properties.
Purification and characterisation of thermostable α-amylases from microbial sources
Authors: Lim Si J. , Hazwani-Oslan Siti Nur , Oslan Siti N.
Published: September 2020

α-Amylases (E.C 3.2.1.1) hydrolyse starch into smaller moieties such as maltose and glucose by breaking α-1,4-glycosidic linkages. The application of α-amylases in various industries has made the large-scale productions of these enzymes crucial. Thermostable α-amylase that catalyses starch degradation at the temperatures higher than 50 °C is favourable in harsh industrial applications. Due to ease in genetic manipulation and bulk production, this enzyme is most preferably produced by microorganisms. Bacillus sp. and Escherichia coli are commonly used microbial expression hosts for α-amylases (30 to 205 kDa in molecular weight). These amylases can be purified using ultrafiltration, salt precipitation, dialysis, and column chromatography. Recently, affinity column chromatography has shown the most promising result where the recovery rate was 38 to 60% and purification up to 13.2-fold. Microbial thermostable α-amylases have the optimum temperature and pH ranging from 50 °C to 100 °C and 5.0 to 10.5, respectively. These enzymes have high specificity towards potato starch, wheat starch, amylose, and amylopectin. EDTA (1 mM) gave the highest inhibitory effect (79%), but Ca2+ (5 mM) was the most effective co-factor with 155%. This review provides insight regarding thermostable α-amylases obtained from microbial sources for industrial applications.
Anti-scaling agents in kraft pulping
Authors: Felissia Fernando E. , Area Maria C. , Barboza Olga M. , Bengoechea Dora I.
Published: September 2020

Scale formation in the digester during kraft pulping represents a great problem in pulp mills. Scaling reduces pulping control and efficiency, increasing energy costs and leading to cleaning breakdowns, with subsequent losses in productivity. The kraft process promotes CaCO3 scaling due to high calcium ion and carbonate concentrations, as well as high alkalinity and temperature levels, which increase the speed with which liquors reach a state of supersaturation. This work examines the action of diethylene triamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) (DTPMPA), either alone or combined with commercial anti-scaling agents, as an inhibitor of calcium carbonate precipitation in the kraft pulping of Pinus taeda. The theoretical amount of calcium deposited in the digester was obtained by mass balance. Soluble calcium was stable throughout cooking when using the phosphonates alone or combined with anti-scaling agents. When adding only DTPMPA, calcium stays in the pulp, rather than forming deposits.
Styloid process elongation in a sample of Lebanese population: a consideration for the prevention of Eagle syndrome
Authors: Aoun Georges , Srour Nour , El-Outa Abbass , Nasseh Ibrahim
Published: September 2020

Background. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and patterns of styloid process elongation in a general Lebanese population sample.

Methods. Digital panoramic radiographs of 489 Lebanese adults (218 males and 271 females, mean age of 47.56 ± 16.149) were included in this retrospective study. First, we screened for detection of elongated styloid process, then we analyzed these cases and classified the elongation types. Data obtained were transformed into SPSS v24 and descriptive and inferential analyses were done. 

Results. In our sample, elongated styloid process was seen in 76 cases (15.5%) (45/271 women and 31/218 men). Despite no significant gender predisposition, females were slightly more affected than males (59.2% females to 40.8% males). As for the age, elongation was significantly more likely to be present at 45-64 years of age. The right side was slightly more affected than the left side (86.8% vs. 76.3% respectively), with type 1 elongation as the most common. Nevertheless, bilateral elongation was much more common than unilateral elongation (63.2%).

Interestingly, females were more likely to suffer from bilateral elongation (64.58%) compared to men (35.41%).

Conclusion. Elongated styloid process represents a common finding detected fortuitously on panoramic radiographs. Therefore, being a main feature in Eagle syndrome, dentists should be aware of this clinical entity and actively screen for it.
EBUS in optimizing non-small cell lung cancer diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Haranguș Antonia , Berindan-Neagoe Ioana , Toma Lăcrămioara , Șimon Ioan , Pop Ovidiu , Șimon Mărioara
Published: September 2020

Background. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a commonly used minimally invasive method for the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. In order to improve its diagnostic accuracy, rapid on-site cytologic evaluation (ROSE) is being utilized in some institutions. ROSE, performed by a cytopathologist in the examination room, allows the assessment of the adequacy of the collected samples, identifies malignant cells and sometimes establishes diagnosis on the spot, thus improving diagnostic sensitivity. As non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) require not only pathological subtyping, but also molecular characterization, obtaining the adequate amount of tissue is crucial. Only a limited number of studies have analyzed the suitability of EBUS-TBNA samples for assessment of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) status.

Aim. We intended to examine the diagnostic yield of ROSE in NSCLC and the results and feasibility of molecular analysis performed on EBUS-TBNA small samples.

Methods. 100 patients with lung tumors and hilar and/or mediastinal lymphadenopathy on CT or PET/CT scans were retrospectively identified over a 3-year period, from a prospectively maintained EBUS-TBNA database. All examinations were accompanied by on-site cytological exam - ROSE, histopathological exam (HPE) and, in the case of NSCLC, molecular testing. After the sampling of the lymph nodes, specimens were Diff-Quik stained and a rapid preliminary diagnosis was established. Immunohistochemistry and mutational testing were performed using cell blocks.

Results. Adenocarcinoma was the most frequent diagnosis in both ROSE (34%) and histopathology (53%). Overall sensitivity and positive predictive value of ROSE in NSCLC, considering HPE the gold standard, were 92.18% and 93.65%, respectively, with a specificity and negative predictive value of 75% and 70.58%, respectively. All samples that were tested for EGFR mutation and ALK rearrangement were adequate for analysis. The adequacy ratio for PD-L1 was 91.66%; 37.5% of patients showed a high PD-L1 expression level, with a tumor proportion score TPS≥50%.

Conclusion. EBUS-TBNA is a valuable method for lung cancer diagnosis. ROSE proved to have a moderate prediction of the final diagnosis in NSCLC. Molecular analysis of EGFR, ALK and PD-L1 can be successfully accomplished on EBUS-TBNA small tissue samples.
Florence Nightingale bicentennial: 1820-2020. Her contributions to health care improvement
Authors: Dumitrascu Dinu I. , David Liliana , Dumitrascu Dan L , Rogozea Liliana
Published: September 2020

In 2020 we celebrate the bicentennial of the birth of Florence Nightingale and 110 years from her death (1820-1910). This gives us the opportunity to remember her life and her achievements. She is mainly known for her contribution to the foundation of modern nursing in the British Empire and subsequently to the world. Besides her personal engagement in the Crimean War, she organized a professional training for nurses, wrote the first textbook on nursing (“Notes on Nursing”) and took public positions in favor of health care and philanthropic funding. She was a militant for the rights of the women and for social justice. She was a pioneer of medical statistics and hospital management. Her activity is acknowledged worldwide.
Accessibility of Water Among Scheduled Castes in Rural Punjab Issues and Challenges
Authors: Dr Bindu Duggal
Published: September 2020

Access and availability to safe drinking water is not only an important gauge of the socioeconomic status of the household but is also imperative to the health of its members. Efforts have made for high coverage of water in Punjab. In spite of huge progress, the rural water sector still continues to face major challenges. The problem is more acute among Scheduled Castes as only 78 per cent households had drinking water source within the premises in Punjab as per Census 2011. The main objective of the study is to analyses the status and problems of water accessibility among this marginalized section of the society. The present research is based on both Secondary and Primary sources of data collected from SC households in rural Mansa in Punjab. Empirical data was collected through intensive field work using the survey method. Multi-stage sampling technique was adopted. A sample of 200 Scheduled Caste households from 10 villages was selected for the study. The present research unveils that Scheduled castes families face threats to all three prerequisites of an individual’s right to water i.e. there is insufficient water availability, lack of access to water and danger due to water quality, making them easy prey to a number of diseases.
Molecular Docking Evaluation of Some Natural Phenolic Compounds as Aldose Reductase Inhibitors for Diabetic Complications
Authors:   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University,Rajpura, Patiala,140401, Punjab, India, Grewal Ajmer Singh , SHARMA NEELAM ,   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University,Rajpura, Patiala,140401, Punjab, India, SINGH SUKHBIR ,   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University,Rajpura, Patiala,140401, Punjab, India, ARORA SANDEEP ,   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University,Rajpura, Patiala,140401, Punjab, India
Published: September 2020

The enzyme aldose reductase (AR) is a member of aldoketoreductase super-family which catalyzes the formation of sorbitol from glucose through polyol pathway of glucose catabolism. Reduced sorbitol production via polyol pathway due to AR inhibition is a target of choice for controlling major complications of diabetes. Epalrestat is the only commercially available inhibitor of AR till date,thus, there is a great need to search for more economical, nontoxic and safer inhibitors of AR enzyme. Flavonoids, the polyphenol compounds in plants have been reported for inhibitory effects against AR. The objective of this study is to explore the binding modes of natural phenolic compounds with AR to design safer natural drugs as alternatives to synthetic drugs. We conducted a molecular docking study on some natural phenolic compounds with AR enzyme in complex with the synthetic inhibitor. The overlay of the docked pose of the selected natural phenols with the ARreference inhibitor complex showed that the selected natural compounds have the similar binding pattern with the active site residues of the enzyme as that of co-crystallized inhibitor. The results of docking study showed the best binding affinity of AR with that of 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) ethanoic acid and butein, having the lowest binding free energy of –9.8 kcal/mol and–9.7 kcal/mol, respectively. This information can be utilized to design potent, economical and non-toxic natural AR inhibitors from natural phenols for the therapeutics of diabetic complications.
An Insight on Analytical Profile on Bisoprolol Fumarate – A Selective Beta-1 Adrenoreceptor Blocker
Authors:   R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, India, Dhandar Ajinkya G. , Chaudhari Suraj R. ,   R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, India, Ganorkar Saurabh B. ,   R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, India, Patil Amod S. ,   R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, India, Surana Sanjay J. ,   R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, India, Shirkhedkar Atul A. ,   R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, India
Published: September 2020

BF is Beta-adreno receptor antagonist and used as an AntiHypertensive Drug. BF gives the blocking action on β1-adrenergic receptors in the heart and vascular smooth muscle. The present review compiles the various approaches implemented for quantification of BF in bulk drug, pharmaceutical matrix and biological fluid. This review represents more than 50 analytical methods which include capillary electrophoresis, HPLC, HPTLC, UV-Spectroscopy, UPLC, impurity profiling and electrochemical methods implemented for estimation of BF as a single component as well as in multicomponent.
Design, Synthesis and Antidiabetic Activity of Novel Sulfamoyl Benzamide Derivatives as Glucokinase Activators
Authors:   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India, Grewal Ajmer Singh , Sharma Kapil ,   an Nayak Ch. Devi Lal Memorial College of Pharmacy, Sirsa, 125055, Haryana, India, Singh Sukhbir ,   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India, Singh Vikramjeet ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GJUS&T, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India, Pandita Deepti ,   Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India, Lather Viney ,   Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: September 2020

The present work has been planned to design, synthesize and evaluate the antidiabetic potential of a series of sulfamoyl benzamide derivatives as potential glucokinase (GK) activators. A new series of sulfamoyl benzamide derivatives was synthesized starting from 3-nitrobenzoic acid and characterized. In silico docking studies were performed to determine the binding interactions for the best fit conformations in the allosteric site of GK enzyme. Based on the results of in silico studies, the selected molecules were tested for their antidiabetic activity in animal studies (alloxan induced diabetic animal model). Compound 7 exhibited highest antidiabetic activity in animal studies. The results of in vivo antidiabetic activity studies were found to be in parallel to that of docking studies. These newly synthesized sulfamoyl benzamide derivatives thus can be treated as the initial hits for the development of novel, safe, effective and orally bioavailable GK activators as therapeutic agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Molecular Docking Studies of Phenolic Compounds from Syzygium cumini with Multiple Targets of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors:   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India, Grewal Ajmer Singh , Sharma Neelam ,   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India, Singh Sukhbir ,   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India, Arora Sandeep ,   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India
Published: September 2020

Treatment of type 2 diabetes without any side effects is still a challenge to the medical system. This leads to increasing demand for natural products with antidiabetic activity with fewer side effects. Syzygium cumini is a traditional herbal medicinal plant and is reported to possess a variety of pharmacological actions. It contains various types of chemical constituents including terpenoids, tannins, anthocyanins, flavonoids and other phenolic compounds. Some flavonoids and other phenolic compounds from S. cumini were reported in literature to have type 2 antidiabetic potential. The main objective of the current investigation was in silico screening of some phenolic compounds from S. cumini against multiple targets associated with type 2 diabetes to explore the mechanism of antidiabetic action and prediction of binding mode using molecular docking studies. In silico docking studies were performed for the selected molecules in the binding site of multiple targets associated with type 2 diabetes (α-glucosidas , dipeptidyl peptidase 4, glycogen synthase kinase 3, glucokinase and glucagon receptor). Amongst the compounds tested in silico, rutin showed appreciable binding with multiple targets of type 2 diabetes including α-glucosidase, dipeptidyl peptidase 4, glycogen synthase kinase 3, and glucagon receptor. Catechin was found to inhibit both α-glucosidase, and dipeptidyl peptidase 4. This information can be utilized for the design and development of potent multi-functional candidate drugs with minimal side effects for type 2 diabetes therapeuticsa.
A Validated High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Berberine Chloride and Guggulsterone Z in Herbal Formulation
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sardar Patel University, VallabhVidyanagar – 388 120, Gujarat, INDIA, Parmar Vijaykumar K. , Mohanta Deepika ,   Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa – 388421, Gujarat, INDIA, Shah Harsh ,   Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa – 388421, Gujarat, INDIA
Published: September 2020

A simple, precise, and robust high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was developed and validated for the determination of berberine chloride and guggulsterone Z in herbal formulation. Chromatographic separation was achieved on aluminium plates precoated with silica gel G60F254 as the stationary phase and toluene-acetonitrile-formic acid (5:3:0.5 v/v/v) as the mobile phase. Densitometric evaluation was carried out at 264 nm. The present method was validated according to ICH guidelines. The Rf value of berberine chloride and guggulsterone Z was found to be 0.40 ± 0.02 and 0.68 ± 0.02, respectively. The response in terms of peak area was found to be linear over the concentration range of 100-500 ng/spot for berberine chloride and 200-1000 ng/spot for guggulsterone Z with regression coefficient value greater than 0.995 for both the phytoconstituents. The method was validated by determining its accuracy, precision, robustness, specificity and system suitability. The method was found to be accurate, precise and robust to carry out the simultaneous estimation of berberine chloride and guggulsterone Z. The developed method was successfully applied for the simultaneous estimation of berberine chloride and guggulsterone Z in herbal formulation.
The Effect of Modification Methods on the Properties of Lentinus Tuber Regium Powders
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, 500004, Rivers State, Nigeria, Ugoeze Kenneth C. , Nwachukwu Nkemakolam ,   Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, 500004, Rivers State, Nigeria, Anyino Precious C. ,   Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, 500004, Rivers State, Nigeria
Published: September 2020

The current work considered the influence of methods of modification on the physical characteristics of Lentinus Tuber Regium (LTR) powders. The sclerotia of the LTR was pulverized to 250.0 μm and coded as native Lentinus Tuber Regium (NLTR-A). A 500.0 g of NLTR-A was submerged in 3.5 % w/v sodium hypochlorite and stirred continuously for 30.0 min. The resultant slurry was washed severally with purified water until it was neutral to litmus. The mass was dried in an oven at 60.0 °C for 2.0 h, pulverized (250.0 μm) and was noted as the modified Lentinus Tuber Regium powder (MLTR-B). Another 500.0 g of NLTR-A was extracted with 70.0 % v/v ethanol in a Soxhlet extractor. The resultant powder was dried at 60.0 o C for 2.0 h, micronized (250.0 μm) and coded as the modified Lentinus Tuber Regium powder (MLTR-C). Additional 500.0 g of NLTR-A was submerged in 600.0 mL of 0.5 N sodium hydroxide in a 1.0 L beaker and shaken constantly for 30.0 min. The subsequent material was splashed with purified water until the material was neutral to litmus. The mass was freed from water and introduced into 200.0 mL of 0.5 N hydrochloric acid. It was agitated for 30.0 min in a water bath at 100.0 °C. It was flooded in purified water until it was neutral to litmus. The product was dried to constant weight at 60.0 °C and pulverized (250.0 μm). The product was coded as the modified Lentinus Tuber Regium powder (MLTR-D). Generally, NLTR-A, MLTR-B, MLTR-C and MLTR-D were investigated for their organoleptic, solubility, pH, moisture studies, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffractometry (XRD), flow parameters and densities. The results showed that both the native and the modified powders were insoluble in water and most organic solvents. The pH of the derived powders was consistently higher. SEM and XRD revealed morphological differences in each of the derived powders, though, all the powders were non-crystalline. The respective modification methods brought about an improvement in the hydrophilic and flow properties of the modified powders when compared to the native form of LTR.
Analysis of HIV Model by KTADM
Authors: Yogesh Khandelwal  , Padama Kumawat  , Rachana Khandelwal
Published: September 2020

This manuscript presents a procedure in the direction of get the emulsion of dynamic pattern in place of HIV infection of CD4+T cells. Intended for methodical mix of non linear differential equation, we are by Kamal Transform Adomian Decomposition Method (KTADM). This procedure gives consistent as a consequence effectual suspension of HIV model.
A Look at the Mission of Wise Men
Authors: Pavas Fabio Andres , Arzola de la Peña Nelson
Published: September 2020

This editorial note presents a brief review of the report by the 2019 Mission of Wise men. The note gathers the more general aspects and poses a discussion about the role that the Schools of Engineering can play in the framework of reference raised by the Mission.
A Review of the Citation Indicators of the Ingeniería e Investigación Journal
Authors: Pavas Andres , Arzola de la Peña Nelson
Published: September 2020

Recently, the different citation databases have updated their citation and positioning results. On this occasion, we want to show the readers of the Ingeniería e Investigación journal how our indicators have evolved in three of them.
Adquisición y Recuerdo de Palabras Emocionales en Población Monolingüe y Bilingüe
Authors: Sarli Leticia Ileana , Justel Nadia
Published: September 2020

La memoria emocional alude al efecto que poseen las emociones sobre la formación de recuerdos. En personas que utilizan un segundo idioma, este efecto presenta resultados controversiales. El objetivo de este trabajo fue indagar el posible efecto de la emoción en los procesos de memoria en personas adultas bilingües (BL) y monolingües (ML). Participaron 49 sujetos quienes codificaron una lista de palabras en español (ML y BL) o en inglés (BL) indicando valencia y arousal para cada una. Inmediatamente y siete días después, se evaluó su recuerdo libre y reconocimiento. Los resultados indicaron que para aquellos sujetos que codificaron los estímulos en español (ML y BL) las palabras fueron calificadas con una mayor carga emocional que para aquellos participantes que las codificaron en inglés (BL). Además, el grupo ML presentó mayor cantidad de intrusiones que ambos grupos BL. Se concluye que existen factores particulares en el procesamiento de la información emocional que modulan el recuerdo emocional en BL y ML.
El Perfeccionismo Desadaptativo como Predictor de la Soledad y del Escaso Apoyo Social Percibido en Niños y Niñas Argentinos
Authors: Chemisquy Sonia , Oros Laura Beatriz
Published: September 2020

El presente estudio se propuso conocer si el perfeccionismo infantil desadaptativo (en sus dimensiones Auto-Orientado, Socialmente Prescrito y Orientado a Otros) predice los sentimientos de soledad y la percepción de apoyo social, y si estos resultados varían según el sexo de los menores. Se seleccionó una muestra intencional compuesta por 364 niños y niñas argentinos de entre 9 y 12 años (M=10.26; DE=1.08), quienes completaron pruebas psicológicas creadas o adaptadas al país de origen. Análisis de regresión lineal múltiple indicaron que el perfeccionismo desadaptativo predice la soledad en relación con los pares, la afinidad por la soledad y el escaso apoyo social percibido. Asimismo, se hallaron variaciones en los patrones de predicción según el sexo. Se concluye que el perfeccionismo desadaptativo deteriora la vida social de niños y niñas, lo que podría aumentar la vulnerabilidad para el desarrollo de desenlaces negativos
Análisis psicométrico de la escala Orientación hacia la Dominancia Social (SDO) mediante un Modelo de Ecuaciones Estructurales Exploratorias (ESEM).
Authors: Henríquez Henríquez Diego Tomás , Ferrer Urbina Rodrigo Mario , Romero Romero Juan Carlos
Published: September 2020

El objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala Orientación hacia la Dominancia Social (SDO), een una muestra no universitaria de la ciudad de Arica, Chile, implementando técnicas psicométricas de acuerdo con el estado del arte disciplinar. El muestreo fue no probabilístico, por conveniencia y disponibilidad de 812 participantes, entre edades de 18 a 89 años. Se realizaron estimaciones de fiabilidad, análisis factoriales confirmatorios y modelos de ecuaciones estructurales exploratorios, contrastando diferentes modelos. Los resultados proporcionaron evidencia de validez basada en la estructura interna de la prueba, presentando buen ajuste de la estructura de la SDO (RMSEA = ,073; CFI = ,971; TLI = ,959), y adecuados niveles estimados de fiabilidad (Oposición a la Igualdad: α = ,85 y ω = ,84; Dominancia Grupal: α = ,67 y ω = ,66). Finalmente, se concluye que las puntuaciones de la escala SDO poseen evidencia suficiente para sustentar su uso e interpretación, en población general equivalente a la del presente estudio.
Entrenamiento para colocación del implante subdérmico anticonceptivo con etonogestrel a residentes del posgrado de pediatría de la Universidad de Costa Rica.
Authors: Garbanzo Núñez David
Published: September 2020

Dar consejería y proporcionar anticoncepción en la adolescencia debe de ser una competencia del pediatra, la anticoncepción reversible de larga acción (LARC) es la forma más segura y adecuada de prevenir el embarazo en adolescentes. El implante subdérmico anticonceptivo con etonogestrel (ISAeto) ofrece anticoncepción por tres años a través de la inhibición de la ovulación y espesamiento del moco cervical, la aplicación de este método requiere de una adecuada capacitación, la cual se puede ofrecer con modelos de simulación. Médicos residentes del posgrado de pediatría de la Universidad de Costa Rica que tienen una rotación médica en la Clínica de Adolescentes del Hospital Dr. R.A. Calderón Guardia realizaron una práctica de entrenamiento de aplicación del ISAeto en modelos de simulación, después de la cual se evaluó la percepción de su capacidad de dar consejería anticonceptiva y de administrar el ISAeto, la cual fue valorada, en general, como excelente.
Pemutakhiran Kebijakan Smart Health City Secara Kolaboratif Sebagai Upaya Pelaksanaan Revolusi Mental: Studi Di Kota Depok
Authors: Juliansyah Adam Dwi , Febriani Dyah Ayu , Hidayat Hisyam Yusril , Trianggoro Mohammad Hernanda , Prastowo Vanissa Noorizqa
Published: September 2020

The problem in the health sector is one of the complicated problems faced by the government, this is evidenced by the extraordinary events (KLB) in various regions, one of which is the Hepatitis A outbreak in Depok that accumulates 306 cases. The main cause of these outbreaks is the low awareness and mentality of the public regarding the application of healthy and clean lifestyles and the government's preventive ability in terms of policies. Seeing this problem, the City Government of Depok has a strategic plan in the form of the Smart Healthy City (SHC) Depok policy as one of the policy efforts in order to improve the quality of public health through implementing technology and increasing competence in realizing the policy. This paper aims to review how the SHC Depok strategic plan policy can be collaboratively updated to carry out a mental revolution not only at the local government level, but also that policy can be understood by the public. The goal of the mental revolution is not only towards society, but also from the side of the government and various other parties. This paper was compiled from primary data in the form of in-depth interviews with various informants and secondary data from books, journals, and electronic sources. The expected outcome of the SHC Depok policy renewing itself is to improve the quality of services and improve the quality of public health based on preventive and collaborative actions.