bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las empresas latinoamericanas en el siglo XX
Authors: Rossi Ignacio Andrés
Published: February 2023

Los estudios históricos sobre las empresas han constituido un campo de investigación de vital importancia en las últimas décadas, especialmente el análisis de los ciclos de inversiones extranjeras con perspectiva histórica. Este trabajo propone evaluar los ciclos de inversión de las empresas latinoamericanas en la economía argentina en términos absolutos, a partir de la cuantificación de su presencia, entre 1913 y 1971. El abordaje se realiza a partir del examen de una base de datos de empresas extranjeras en la Argentina de reciente aparición que presenta un insumo clave para la investigación del capital extranjero. Se constató que las firmas latinoamericanas tuvieron una temprana presencia, aunque poco significativa, en la Argentina desde los comienzos del siglo XX. Y que, a pesar de la volatilidad de estas y su claro retroceso entre la Primera Guerra Mundial y la crisis de 1930, se mostró un reimpulso desde la segunda posguerra del que, sin embargo, solo Uruguay logró salir finalmente fortalecida.
Health locus of control in a pandemic situation: cross-cultural differences between European and Asian respondents
Authors: Krumov Krum , Larsen Knud , Liu Jin , Schneider Johann , Krumova Albena , Widodo Eko , Juhasz Marta , Garvanova Magdalena , Kumar Sanjay , Repaczki Rita
Published: February 2023

Background

The present cross-cultural study examined the health locus of control construct during the COVID-19 pandemic. The scien-tific purpose of the study was to determine whether, during the pandemic situation, cultural and sex differences influence the health locus of control construct and change the internal health locus of control (IHLC), powerful others health locus of control (PHLC), and chance health locus of control (CHLC).

Participants and procedure

A total of 2617 recipients aged 18-70 years from Asia (China, India, and Indonesia), and Europe (Bulgaria, Germany, and Hungary) completed a questionnaire about their health. The participants completed an online version of the Multidimen-sional Health Locus of Control Scale – Form A.

Results

The survey shows that in a pandemic life-threatening situation, most individuals strive to rely on IHLC and/or PHLC, and fewer of them tend to rely on CHLC. However, there are differences (p < .001) between the two cultural samples: the rep-resentatives of Asian collectivistic culture are more dominated by PHLC, compared to the representatives of the European individualistic culture. When the comparison is between individuals from different cultures, sex differentiation affects the health locus of control, and as a result, significant differences in relation to IHLC, PHLC, and CHLC levels (р < .05) appear.

Conclusions

In conclusion, the study indicates that cultural differences influence both the IHLC and PHLC levels, and that Asian partici-pants are dominated by PHLC more than European respondents. Asian females are more likely to seek support from pow-erful others (PHLC) compared to European women, who perceive themselves as more independent. Asian male partici-pants are prepared to rely on powerful others (doctors or medical institutions), while European male respondents are prone to rely on themselves mainly (IHLC). The results show that sex differences do not significantly affect the health locus of control within the same cultural group.
Development and validation of a stress response measure: the Daily Stress Response Scale (DSRS)
Authors: Debowska Agata , Horeczy Beata , Boduszek Daniel , Dolinski Dariusz , von Bastian Claudia C.
Published: February 2023

Background

To date, there is a lack of measures for capturing a broad spectrum of psychophysiological stress reactions that can be administered on a daily basis and in different contexts. A need for such a measure is especially salient in settings where stress processes can unfold momentarily and substantially fluctuate daily. Therefore, the main aim of the current study was to develop and validate the Daily Stress Response Scale (DSRS), an instrument capturing a broad spectrum of psycho-physiological stress reactions that can be administered in real time and in different contexts.

Participants and procedure

The study was conducted in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. Participants were 7228 (81% female) Polish university students. The data were collected anonymously through self-completion questionnaires. The DSRS was subject to confirmatory factor analyses (CFA).

Results

The DSRS is a 30-item, easy-to-use stress response measure with excellent psychometric properties. Based on CFA results, the scale consists of two subscales, psychological and physiological stress response, which form associations with related external criteria.

Conclusions

The DSRS is a reliable and valid measure of psychological and physiological stress reactions that can be used to assess the stress response to daily stressors, including those of an acute nature, such as a crisis, trauma, or surgery.
The nature of food insecurity and agro-pastoral production in the Kerio river basin
Authors: Kiptoo Laxmana Peter , Rono Henry , Kerre Francis
Published: February 2023

This paper encompasses a study that was conducted to assess the nature of food insecurity and agro-pastoral production in Kerio Valley, a semi-arid basin in north-western Kenya. The study targeted 2600 households in the region from which a sample of 387 households was obtained using Yamane's (1967) sample size determination formula. Both quantitative and qualitative data were obtained through a questionnaire that also incorporated and adapted the phased index of the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES), Key Informants Interviews (KIIs) and Focused Group Discussions (FGDs), respectively. The study established that 67 per cent of the households experienced inadequate access to food, and 87.2 per cent of the households experienced inadequate access to preferred food. More so, 75 per cent of the households had been engaged in subsistence agricultural production with the use of limited technology. The key occupation for most of the households (74%) reported was agro-pastoral activities. The study concluded that the nature of agricultural production was among the drivers of food insecurity in the Kerio Basin. The study recommends a need to pay more attention to resilient and transformative agricultural production.
The role of preventative control measures on organisational productivity : case of manufacturing SMMEs in Durban
Authors:   , Nondaba Mthobisi Titto
Published: February 2023

Considering the current business trends in the manufacturing sector, preventative control measures are becoming a strategic tool for productivity in most companies. However, Small Medium, and Macro Enterprises (SMME)s in Durban have been lagging in incorporating such tools into their strategies. Effective preventative controls have been known to be part of the big corporates, especially in the heavy manufacturing industries. Given the need to grow manufacturing SMMEs, businesses would need to adopt preventative control measures that are supportive of organizational productivity. Through this research it has been found that employees in Manufacturing SMMEs believe that preventative control measures negatively affect their performance and hinder productivity. The main concern is to have flexible preventative measures that allow employees to work even if the key members are not around. They also believe that preventative measures can reduce fraud and other costs as fewer people are allowed to sign off or access systems to pass critical transactions. However, this scenario undermines the importance and critical role that manufacturing SMMEs play in the economy in Gauteng province. Their growth and productivity cannot be overlooked. This research study aims to investigate the role of preventive control measures on organizational productivity in manufacturing SMMEs in Durban. This was achieved through identifying the type of preventive control measures used in manufacturing SMEs in Gauteng province; examining the role of preventive control measures on organizational productivity in manufacturing SMEs in Durban and recommending the appropriate application of preventive control measures that leverages organizational productivity in manufacturing SMEs in Durban. This study aims to significantly contribute and expand knowledge regarding preventative control measures in the manufacturing industry. The study used a Quantitative approach to carryout data collection, data analysis, and presentation. Some key findings were manufacturing SMMEs were applying inflexible preventative controls that in some cases slow productivity. The majority of employees lack knowledge of the role of preventative controls and their benefits. It is therefore recommended that manufacturing SMMEs in Durban should institute training programs for their employees and furthermore implement flexible preventative control measure that does not inhibit organizational productivity.
A gyermekotthonokban nevelkedő fiatalok oktatási részvétele és jövőképe (Második rész)
Authors: Szennai Dóra
Published: February 2023

A hazai gyermekotthonban nevelkedő gyermekre irányuló kutatás 2020-ban, a Gattyán Alapítvány1 (továbbiakban: GA) finanszírozásában azzal a céllal valósult meg, hogy feltárja a gyermekotthonokban nevelkedők oktatási esélyeit, és láttassa a nevelőszülőknél nevelkedő gyermekekkel együttesen közölt, szakellátói és országos adatok közötti különbségeket. A GA kutatás a vizsgált gyermekek jelenlegi tanulmányi részvétele, az oktatási szintek korcsoport-összetétele, jelenlegi legmagasabb végzettsége, továbbtanulási tervei, valamint oktatással és munkával kapcsolatos viszonyának megismerése mellett azok kompatibilitását is vizsgálta. A kutatás egyik fő kérdése a halmozottan hátrányos helyzetben lévő gyermekek jövőképének megismerése és annak felmérése, hogy ez a kép mennyire reális. Eredményei rámutatnak a gyermekotthonokban nevelkedők halmozott oktatási hátrányaira a szakellátói és az országos mutatók összehasonlításában is, melyben igen magas osztályismétlés, túlkorosság és kiemelt lemorzsolódási veszélyeztetettség jellemző. Megállapítja továbbá, hogy oktatásban való megsegítésük a felzárkóztató és tehetségfejlesztő programok mellett olyan alaptartalmakkal való kiegészítést is szükségessé tesz, mely a családban nevelkedő gyermekek számára, a mintakövetés útján, automatikusan konstruálódik. A kutatás célja, hogy ráirányítsa a figyelmet a gyermekvédelmi szakellátáson belül a gyermekotthonokban nevelkedők fokozott hátrányaira, oktatásban való megsegítésük szükségességére, és hogy az oktatáson keresztül esélyt teremtsen társadalmi kirekesztődésükből való kitörésükre.
Kelemen Elemér emlékezete
Authors: Donáth Péter
Published: February 2023

Pótolhatatlan veszteség érte a magyar művelődés- és neveléstörténet művelőit. Életének 86. évében elhunyt kiemelkedő személyiségünk, az MTA Neveléstörténeti Albizottságának tiszteletbeli elnöke, az OPKM s az ELTE TÓK egykori főigazgatója, professor emeritusa, pedagógiai folyóiratok sorának szerkesztője, szerkesztőbizottsági tagja (Pedagógiai Szemle, Tanító, Iskolai Szemle, Neveléstörténeti Tájékoztató, Magyar Pedagógia, Pedagógusképzés, Könyv és Nevelés, Polymatheia).
Un recorrido astrológico y amoroso por el zodiaco en las Soliadas (1619) de Diego Félix Quijada y Riquelme
Authors: Balaguer Alba Gema
Published: February 2023

RESUMEN:
El cancionero amoroso de las Soliadas (1619), compuesto por Diego Félix Quijada y Riquelme, alberga un peculiar ciclo de sonetos dedicados a ilustrar el paso del Sol por los doce signos del zodiaco. El recorrido poético conforma una cronografía astral que se vincula, mediante sucesivas analogías, a la situación sentimental del poeta enamorado. Estas analogías toman como base la iconografía de cada constelación zodiacal y, en ocasiones, su influencia en la naturaleza. Entre las fuentes a las que pudo recurrir el autor para elaborar el corpus, llama la atención la Cronología y repertorio de la razón de los tiempos (1585) del cosmógrafo Rodrigo Zamorano, que pone en evidencia el vínculo no solo del ciclo, sino de todo el poemario, con la astrología y la astronomía.

ABSTRACT:
The collection of love poems entitled Soliadas (1619), written by Diego Félix Quijada y Riquelme, contains a peculiar group of sonnets meant to illustrate the passage of the Sun through the different star signs. The poetic tour consists of an astral chronography that is linked, by means of successive analogies, to the poet's relationship status. These analogies are based on the iconography of each zodiacal constellation and, sometimes, on its influence on nature. Among the different sources the poet may have used to compile the corpus, Cronología y repertorio de la razón de los tiempos (1585), by Rodrigo Zamorano is especially interesting since it highlights both the link of astrology and astronomy with this group of sonnets in particular and with all the Soliadas in general.
Ideología barroca y revolución heliocéntrica en las letras del siglo XVII: algunas notas sobre Francisco de Quevedo y la astronomía moderna
Authors: Torres Salinas Ginés
Published: February 2023

RESUMEN:
La Revolución Científica trajo consigo, entre otras cosas, la definitiva constatación del modelo heliocéntrico del universo, gracias a los nuevos descubrimientos astronómicos, propiciados, a su vez, por un nuevo instrumental óptico. En este trabajo estudiaremos algunas de las consecuencias de estos nuevos descubrimientos en la obra de Francisco de Quevedo, partiendo de la ideología barroca propia de obra y autor. Nos ocuparemos de tres cuestiones básicas y de las razones de aparición de las mismas: la pervivencia en Quevedo de una concepción geocéntrica del universo, a pesar de estar presumiblemente al tanto del nuevo modelo heliocéntrico; el uso de dos pasajes bíblicos de protagonismo solar procedentes de El libro de Josué y el Segundo libro de los Reyes; y el juicio quevediano sobre los nuevos instrumentos ópticos que permitieron descubrir la naturaleza heliocéntrica del universo. 

ABSTRACT: The Scientific Revolution brought with it, among other things, the definitive verification of the heliocentric model of the universe. It was due to new astronomical discoveries, promoted, in turn, by new optical instruments. This work pretends to study some of the consequences of these new discoveries in the work of Francisco de Quevedo. For this it will be analysed the baroque ideology that characterizes both, writer and work. We will discuss three basic questions and the reasons for their appearance: Quevedo's persistence of a geocentric conception of the universe, despite he was presumably aware of the new heliocentric model; the use of two biblical passages of solar prominence from The Book of Joshua and the Second Book of Kings; and the quevedesque opinion about the new optical instruments that made it possible to discover the heliocentric nature of the universe.
The Use of Selected Internal Corporate Governance Mechanisms based on Best Practices of Companies Listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange
Authors: OLEJKO Katarzyna
Published: February 2023

Best practices of companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (hereinafter: BPLC 2021) are the rules for creating and applying an effective corporate governance system. These rules pertain to information, control, motivation and organisational areas.
Consumer Financing Dispute Settlement Patterns During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Wetland Environments
Authors: Zakiyah Zakiyah , Rahmawati Diana , Mohammad Kasim Nur , Aulia Rahmady Muhammad , Azhari Rahman Muhammad
Published: February 2023

The pandemic Covid it had an impact on all economic sectors which had an impact on the smooth running of consumers in paying consumer financing installments, which led to consumer financing disputes. The people of South Kalimantan who live in a wetland environment have local wisdom in resolving disputes with Adat Badamai tradition. This study aims to find patterns of dispute resolution between consumers and finance companies during the covid 19 pandemic and to analyze whether local wisdom in the wetland environment, namely the Bahamian custom is reflected in the settlement of consumer financing disputes. The research method used is empirical legal research supported by library research. (library research), is prescriptive analytics, it is hoped that a comprehensive, in-depth and systematic picture will be obtained. This research was conducted in South Kalimantan Province. The results showed (1). consumer financing dispute settlement patterns prioritize settlements outside the court (non-litigation), namely by internal company settlements; use third party services; through the Consumer Dispute Resolution Body, if an amicable agreement is not reached, as a last resort, a court settlement (litigation) is taken. (2). Dispute Resolution Financing companies in South Kalimantan have implemented the customary value of Adat Badamai in the settlement of consumer financing disputes. In the Banjar community, if there is a dispute, they tend to choose to settle it peacefully, meaning that there is no need for the settlement to go to court. Adat Badamai tradition is quite effective and plays a role in creating security and peace among the disputing community members.
Introduction: ‘Make It New’ Once Again: Experimental Trends in 21st-Century Poetry in English
Authors:   Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Milesi Laurent , Vancu Radu ,   Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu
Published: February 2023

This is the introduction to the volume.
On 21st-Century Poetry and Poetics
Authors:   Independent Scholar, Poet, USA, Codrescu Andrei , Vancu Radu ,   Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Milesi Laurent ,   Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Published: February 2023

This academic interview with contemporary poet Andrei Codrescu (dating July 2022) examines several contemporary meanings of 21st-century poetry and poetics, the relevance of American poetry schools that dominated the latter half of the 20th century, effects of this post-humanistic turn on the poetic discourse(s). It also whether the public condemnation of Russian culture in general is justified or not in the aftermath of the Russian aggression against Ukraine.
Edukasi pembelajaran bahasa indonesia yang efektif pada siswa kelas VII sekolah MTSs Idrisiyah Pasir Nauli Kecamatan Angkola Muara Tais
Authors: Siregar Juliana Juli
Published: February 2023

Edukasi pembelajaran yaitu dasar proses pembelajaran suatu bahasa.Model pembelajaran ini bisa mempermudah dan membantu siswa didalam proses pembelajaran dengan tujuan agar menciptakan prestasi belajar sisiwa.pembelajaran bahasa harus mempertimbangkan minat,fisik,kecerdasan,dan lingkungan belajar siswa.pendidikan bahasa indonesia merupakan salah satu asfek yang sangat penting dan yang perlu diajarkan kepada siswa disekolah.tidak heran apabila mata pelajaran ini diberikan sejak masih dibangku SD sampai lulus SMA.dari sana siswa tersebut mamapu memahami dan menguasai dan dapat mengimplementasikan keterampilan dalam berbahasa.yaitu menyimak,membaca,menulis dan berbicara.dalam pendidikan di era moderen ini dituntut dalam suatu hal yang baru,hal itu dikarenajkan dalam pembelajaran disuatu sekolah secar khusus sangat berbeda-beda dan tergantung  pada materi,metode dan media yang digunakan.
Implementation of Green Entrepreneurship Through Corporate Social Responsibility Program: Asification of Clean Water Facilities in Sitada-Tada Hamlet
Authors: Siregar Muhammad Rifai
Published: February 2023

The availability of clean water facilities that are easily available is a dream of rural communities throughout Indonesia, especially villages where access to clean water is limited. One of them is Sangapati Village which is located in Sitada-tada Hamlet, East Angkola District, South Tapanuli Regency. This article describes facilitating the construction of drinking water facilities, one of the alternatives to meet the drinking water and health needs of 150 people in Sitdatada Hamlet, East Angkola District, South Tapanuli Province. Based on observations, the construction of drinking water facilities uses the method of cooperation with companies in corporate social responsibility programs. With the results achieved in this activity, it is easier for the people of  Sitada-tada hamlet to get clean water to meet their daily needs. The availability of clean water facilities can improve the quality of life for the people of  Sitada-tada hamlet and reduce the risk of various diseases.
MANFAAT GERAKAN PIJAT OKSITOSIN PADA IBU HAMIL SAAT PROSES MEMBERIAN ASI ESKLUSIF DI USIA 0-6 BULAN APABILA PROSES PEMBERIAN ASI MENGALAMI PERMASALAHAN DI DESA MANUNGGANG JAE KECAMATAN PADANG SIDEMPUAN TENGGARA TAHUN 2022
Authors: Syarah Fauziah gusvita
Published: February 2023

Manfaat gerakan pijat oksitosin membantu proses pengeluaran hormon oksitosin pada ibu hamil trimester ke tiga sampai persalinan dan memberikan asi esklusi dari 0 sampai 6 bulan sedangngkan pada ibu menyusui untuk merileksasikan otot – otot tubuh ibu menyusui dengan mengurangi tingkat masalah dalam proses menyusu. Ketika ibu hamil bahagia maka hasil yang di keluarkan pada tubuh ibu juga lebih baik.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengurangi terjadi permasalahan – permasalahan  mengenai pemberian ASI dan norma sosial yang tidak mendukung menyusui kemudian praktik pemberian asupan bayi yang masih mengikuti cara lama , serta agresifnya promosi formula di masyarakat. Kerjasama dari berbagai pihak di masyarakat akan dapat membantu melindungi dan mendukung semua keluarga untuk menyusui.Desain pengabdian masyarakat  ini menggunakan tehnik wawancara, pelaksanan kegiatan gerakaan pijat okitosin dengan mengevaluasi hasil pelaksanaan ini sebanyak 10 ibu hamil di Desa Manunggang Jae kecamatan padang sidempuan tenggara kota padang sidempuan. Hasil pengabidan masyarakat ini  menunjukan Dari total 10 ibu hamil hasil sudah mengetahui gerakkan pijat oksitosin dan manfaat dalam pemijatan oksitosin.Dari hasil musyawarah  dengan masyarakat telah melaksanakan kegiatan dan ibu hamil beserta ibu bapak sudah mengerti manfaat pijat oksitosin dan kepada seluruh ibu desa manunggang jae tidak ada lagi bayi yang mengalami gizi buruk dan ibu menangani masalah pemberian ASI Esklusif dengan cara Pijat Oksitosi dengan baik. Semua tenaga kesehatan penyedia layanan kesehatan ibu dan anak harus mendapat pelatihan yang memadai mengenai konseling menyusui, kode internasional, dan konflik kepentingan. membangun jaringan yang kuat dalam sistem kesehatan yang melibatkan tenaga kesehatan komunitas dan berbagai kelompok pendukung akan membantu menciptakan dukungan menyusui bagi bayi dan keluarganya pada 1000 hari pertama. Menyusui harus dilihat dari pendekatan aspek kesehatan masyarakat, dimana pemerintahan dan seluruh pemangku kepentingan harus bekerjasama menciptakan lingkungan rama menyusui di berbagai sektor untuk melindungi dan mendukung asi.
Pendampingan Pembuatan Tanaman Obat Keluarga (TOGA) dan Edukasi Pengolahan Tanaman Obat yang Telah Ditanam pada Areal Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm) KTH Buntu Lumu Lestari
Authors: Sabar Adrayanti , Ardayanti Kadek
Published: February 2023

Masyarakat yang tinggal di sekitar wilayah hutan kemasyarakatan (HKm) KTH Buntu Lumu Lestari belum memiliki tanaman obat keluarga (TOGA), padahal keberadaan TOGA sangat penting untuk menjaga kesehatan masyarakat. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk membantu memberi pengetahuan kepada masyarakat mengenai pentingnya pembuatan tanaman obat keluarga (TOGA), dan tanaman berkhasiat obat yang dapat ditanam di halaman rumah, serta dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menjaga kesehatan keluarga. Bahan yang dibutuhkan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan ini adalah tanaman obat seperti jahe, kunyit, kencur, lidah buaya, dan sosor bebek. Pembuatan tanaman obat keluarga (TOGA) dilakukan di halaman sekretariat kelompok tani hutan (KTH) Buntu Lumu Lestari di Dusun Mess, Desa Lauwo, Kecamatan Burau bersama masyarakat, dan memberikan edukasi cara pengolahan tanaman obat seperti jahe, kunyit, kencur, lidah buaya, dan sosor bebek kepada masyarakat, serta mempraktekkan contoh cara pengolahan jahe sebagai obat batuk kepada masyarakat. Hasil dari pelaksanaan kegiatan ini adalah adanya TOGA yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat, dan masyarakat menjadi tahu pentingnya membuat tanaman obat keluarga (TOGA), serta masyarakat menjadi tahu tanaman obat yang dapat ditanam di halaman rumah yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif untuk menjaga kesehatan keluarga.
PENYULUHAN TENTANG YOGA PRENATAL PADA IBU HAMIL TM II DI PMB Bd. DERMINA TANJUNG, S.Tr.Keb
Authors: Rambe Kumala Sari
Published: February 2023

A healthy pregnancy is highly coveted by pregnant women, to be able to have a healthy pregnancy, pregnant women can do yoga exercises. An old method that is still used in pregnancy services is pregnancy exercise, where pregnancy exercise is also a method of relaxation and exercise for pregnant women which is a regular program in antenatal care, aiming to make pregnant women mentally and physically ready for the birth process.The objectives of implementing this community service are: Increasing interaction and sharing experiences between participants (pregnant women and pregnant women) and between pregnant women and health workers/midwives. Increase the understanding, attitude and behavior of pregnant women about: yoga exercises, body changes and complaints, pregnancy care, childbirth.Prenatal class participants are mothers at more than 20 weeks' gestation, because at this gestational age the mother's condition is strong and she is not afraid of miscarriage. Husbands/families are expected to attend prenatal classes at least 1 meeting. The implementation of this community service is carried out at PMB Bd. Dermina Tanjung, S.Tr.Keb, in the form of: weighing, measuring blood pressure, physical examination during pregnancy, counseling about the needs of pregnant women, yoga exercises
PENTINGNYA BERBAHASA INDONESIA YANG BAIK DAN BENAR DALAM DUNIA PENDIDIKAN DAN PENGAJARAN
Authors: Siregar Juliana
Published: February 2023

Pada Era teknologi canggih ini makin dirasakan betapa pentingnya fungsi bahasa sebagai alat komunikasi.kenyataan yang dihadapi dewasa ini adalah selain ahli-ahli bahasa,semua ahli yang bergerak dalam bidang pengetahuan yang lain semakin memperdalam dirinya dalam bidang teori dan peraktik bahasa.semua orang menyadari bahwa interaksi dan segala macam kegiatan dalam masyarakat akan lumpuh tanpa bahasa.melaui bahasa,kebudayaan suatu bangsa dapat dibentuk,dibina,dan dikembangkan serta dapat diturunkan kepada generasi-generasi mendatang.dengan adanya bahasa sebagai alat komunikasi,maka semua yang berada disekitar manusia,peristiwa-peristiwa,binatang-binatang,tumbuh-tumbuhan,hasil cipta karya manusia dan sebagainya mendapat tanggapan dalam pikiran manusia disusun dan diungkapkan kembali kepada orang-orang lain sebagai bahan komunikasi.komunikasi melalui bahasa ini memungkinkan tiap orang untuk menyesuaikan dirinya dengan lingkungan fisik dan lingkungan sosialnya.bahasa memungkinkan tiap orang untuk mempelajari kebiasaan,adat istiadat,kebudayaan serta latar belakangnya masing-masing.
PENYULUHAN TENTANG PENTINGNYA CUCI TANGAN PAKAI SABUN DALAM RANGKA PENINGKATAN PERSONAL HYGIENE PADA ANAK DI TK TURSINA JAYA KELURAHAN SITINJAK
Authors: Nurul Hidayah Nasution  , Olivia Feby Mon Harahap  , Siti Meiranda
Published: February 2023

Indonesia is a country that is aggressively improving public health, the government has launched a handwashing with soap (CTPS) program which is useful for improving personal hygiene so that it avoids various diseases. CTPS is far more effective at killing germs, bacteria and viruses than washing your hands with water alone. Hand washing with soap (CTPS) is also known as an effort to prevent disease. This community service aims to increase knowledge and practice of washing hands with soap properly and correctly in kindergarten school children at Tursina Jaya Kindergarten. This community service activity was attended by 30 kindergarten students. This activity was carried out by delivering counseling materials and demonstrations of hand washing with soap. This activity was also interspersed with discussions and questions and answers. The results of this community service activity were received enthusiastically by students. All activity participants stated that this community service was very useful because it could broaden knowledge and the correct practice of washing hands with soap so that it would affect habits in daily life.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Pemanfaatan Tanaman Obat Kelurga (TOGA) di Desa Panobasan Kecamatan Angkola Barat Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan
Authors: Simamora Febrina Angraini , Daulay Nanda Masraini , Hidayah Arinil
Published: February 2023

ABSTRAK
Masyarakat Indonesia secara turun temurun menggunakan tanaman herbal untuk memelihara dan mengatasi masalah kesehatan, namun belum semua memahami manfaat dari tanaman yang ada. Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini supaya masyarakat mengetahui manfaat dari tumbuhan sebagai tanaman obat agar masyarakat dapat membudidayakan dan melestarikan berbagai tanaman obat sehingga bisa mengurangi biaya pengobatan. Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di Desa Panobasan Kecamatan Angkola Barat Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan selama 4 hari yang diikuti oleh perangkat desa, tokoh agama, tokoh masyarakat dan kader. Pengabdian masyarakat ini menggunakan model partisipatif. Hasil dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat telah mulai memanfaatkan dan membudidayakan Tanaman Obat Keluarga (TOGA) sekaligus sebagai tanaman produktif. Pengabdian masyarakat dimanfaatkan sebagai usaha promosi kesehatan mandiri pada masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan sumber daya tumbuhan sehingga meningkatkan minat masyarakat untuk memanfaatkan tanaman obat-obatan (Smart living) yang pada akhirnya meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat.
 
Kata kunci : pemberdayaan masyarakat, tanaman obat keluarga
 
ABSTRACT
Indonesian people have been using herbal plants for generations to treat and treat health problems, but not all of them understand the benefits of existing plants. The purpose of this community service is so that people know the benefits of plants as medicinal plants so that people can cultivate and preserve various medicinal plants so they can reduce medical costs. This community service was carried out in Panobasan Village, Angkola Barat District, South Tapanuli Regency for 4 days which was attended by village officials, religious leaders, community leaders and cadres. This community service uses a participatory model. The results of this community service show that the community has begun to utilize and cultivate the Family Medicinal Plants (TOGA) as well as productive plants. Community service is used as an independent health promotion effort for the community in utilizing plant resources so as to increase public interest in utilizing medicinal plants (Smart living) which ultimately improves public health.
 
Keywords: community empowerment, family medicinal plants
Pendidikan Kesehatan Tentang ASI Eksklusif Bagi Ibu Bekerja Di Desa Sigumuru
Authors: Pebrianthy Lola
Published: February 2023

ASI eksklusif menurut World Health Organization (WHO) yaitu memberikan hanya ASI saja tanpa memberikan makanan dan minuman lain kepada bayi sejak lahir sampai berumur 6 bulan, kecuali obat dan vitamin. Namun bukan berarti setelah pemberian ASI eksklusif pemberian ASI eksklusif pemberian ASI dihentikan, akan tetapi tetap diberikan kepada bayi sampai bayi berusia 2 tahun. Bagi ibu bekerja, memberikan ASI Eksklusif bukanla hal yang mudah, banyak faktor yang dapat menghambat pemberian ASI Eksklusif pada ibu bekerja antara lain : persepsi bahwa ASI tidak cukup, kurangnya pengetahuan ibu tentang manajemen laktasi saat bekerja, fasilitas yang tidak kondusif untuk menyusui dan memrah ASI dan tidak ada nya dukungan dari pimpinan. Kegiatan pendidikan kesehatan tentang ASI Eksklusif bagi ibu bekerja ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu menyusui tentang cara memberikan ASI Eksklusif walaupun sedang dalam keadaan bekerja, karena banyak nya ibu yang tidak memberika ASI Eksklusif pada bayi nya dengan alasan sedang bekerja atau cuti bekerja telah habis. ASI Eksklusif tetap dapat diberikan walaupun ibu sedang dalam keadaan bekerja, banyak metode perah ASI, penyimpanan ASI dan pemebrian ASI yang dapat dilakukan, sehingga bayi tidak harus mengkonsumsi susu formula ataupun makanan tambahan lainnya sebelum berusia 6 bulan. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan cara memberikan informasi tentang apa itu ASI Eksklusif dan bagaiamana cara pemberian ASI pada bayi yang ditinggalkan di rumah bersama pengasuhnya di saat ibu sedang bekerja dengan jumlah peserta sebanyak 12 orang. Hasil evaluasi selama proses kegiatan berlangsung didapatkan hampir seluruh peserta telah paham dan tahu bagaimana cara memberikan ASI Eksklusif walaupun ibu sedang bekerja. Dengan adanya pendidikan kesehatan ini, diharapkan mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu bekerja tentang ASI Eksklusif sehingga capaian ASI Eksklusif dapat meningkat
Multi-model ensemble projection of global dust cycle by the end of 21st century using CMIP6 data
Authors: Zhao Yuan , Yue Xu , Cao Yang , Zhu Jun , Tian Chenguang , Zhou Hao , Chen Yuwen , Hu Yihan , Fu Weijie , Zhao Xu
Published: February 2023

Abstract. As a natural aerosol with the largest emissions on land, dust has important impacts on atmospheric environment and climate systems. Both the emissions and transport of dust aerosols are tightly connected to meteorological conditions and as a result are confronted with strong modulations by the changing climate. Here, we project the changes of global dust emissions and loading by the end of the 21st century using an ensemble of model outputs from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project version 6 (CMIP6) under four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs). Based on the validations against site-level observations, we select 5 out of 10 models and estimate an ensemble global dust emission of 3311 Tg a−1 (1 Tg = 1012 g) at present day, in which 75 % is dry deposited and 25 % is wet deposited. Compared to 2005–2014, global dust emissions show varied responses with a reduction of 15.8 Tg a−1 under the SSP3-7.0 scenario but increased emissions up to 53.4 Tg a−1 under the SSP5-8.5 scenario at 2090–2099. For all scenarios, the most significant increase of dust emissions appears in North Africa (0.4 %–4.7 %) due to the combined effects of reduced relative humidity and precipitation but strengthened surface wind. In contrast, all scenarios show decreased emissions in central Asia (−0.6 % to −20 %) and Middle East (0 to −2.8 %) because of the increased precipitation but decreased wind speed regionally. The dust loading shows uniform increases over North Africa (1 %−12.5 %) and the downwind Atlantic following the increased emissions, but decreases over East Asia (−3.4 % to −15.2 %) and the downwind Pacific due to enhanced local precipitation that promotes wet deposition. As a result, global dust loading will increase by 2.1 %–9.3 % at the end of the 21st century under different climate scenarios, suggesting a likely strengthened radiative and climatic perturbations by dust aerosols in a warmer climate.
Development and Evaluation of an Improved Off-Line Aerosol Mass Spectrometry Technique
Authors: Vasilakopoulou Christina N. , Florou Kalliopi , Kaltsonoudis Christos , Stavroulas Iasonas , Mihalopoulos Nikolaos , Pandis Spyros N.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The off-line Aerosol Mass Spectrometry (AMS) technique is a useful tool for the source apportionment of organic aerosol (OA) in areas and periods during which an AMS is not available. However, the technique is based on the extraction of aerosol samples in water, while several atmospheric OA components are partially or fully insoluble in water. In this work an improved off-line technique was developed and evaluated in an effort to capture most of the partially soluble and insoluble organic aerosol material, reducing significantly the uncertainty of the corresponding source apportionment. A major advantage of the proposed approach is that no corrections are needed for the off-line analysis to account for the limited water solubility of some OA components. The improved off-line AMS analysis was tested in three campaigns: two during winter and one during summer. Collocated on-line AMS measurements were performed for the evaluation of the off-line method. Source apportionment analysis was performed separately for the on-line and the off-line measurements using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF). The PMF results showed that the fractional contribution of each factor to the total OA differed between the on-line and the off-line PMF results by less than 15 %. The differences in the AMS spectra of the factors of the two approaches could be significant suggesting that the use of factor profiles from the literature in the off-line analysis may lead to complications. Part of the good agreement between the on-line and the off-line PMF results is due to the ability of the improved off-line AMS technique to capture a bigger part of the OA, including insoluble organic material. This was evident by the significant fraction of submicrometer suspended insoluble particles present in the water extract, and by the reduced insoluble material on the filters after the extraction process. More than half of the elemental carbon (EC) was on average missing from the filters after the water extraction. Significant EC concentrations were measured in the produced aerosol that was used as input to the AMS during the off-line analysis.
Seasonal variation of mercury concentration of ancient olive groves of Lebanon
Authors: Tabaja Nagham , Amouroux David , Chalak Lamis , Fourel François , Tessier Emmanuel , Jomaa Ihab , El Riachy Milad , Bentaleb Ilham
Published: February 2023

Abstract. This study investigates the seasonality of the mercury (Hg)
concentration of olive tree foliage, an iconic tree of the Mediterranean
basin. Hg concentrations of foliage, stems, soil surface, and litter were
analyzed on a monthly basis in ancient olive trees growing in two groves in
Lebanon, Bchaaleh and Kawkaba (1300 and 672 m a.s.l. respectively). A
significantly lower concentration was registered in stems (∼7–9 ng g−1) in comparison to foliage (∼35–48 ng g−1) in both sites,
with the highest foliage Hg concentration in late winter–early spring and
the lowest in summer. It is noteworthy that olive fruits also have low Hg
concentrations (∼7–11 ng g−1). The soil has the highest Hg
content (∼62–129 ng g−1) likely inherited through the cumulated
litter biomass (∼63–76 ng g−1). A good covariation observed
between our foliage Hg time series analysis and those of atmospheric Hg concentrations available for southern Italy in the western Mediterranean
basin confirms that mercury pollution can be studied through olive trees.
Spring sampling is recommended if the objective is to assess the trees'
susceptibility to Hg uptake. Our study draws an adequate baseline for the
eastern Mediterranean and the region with similar climatic inventories on Hg
vegetation uptake, in addition to being a baseline to new studies on olive
trees in the Mediterranean to reconstruct regional Hg pollution
concentrations in the past and present.
Dynamic Rainfall Erosivity Estimates Derived from GPM IMERG data
Authors: Emberson Robert Alexander
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Soil degradation is a critical threat to agriculture and food security around the world. Understanding the processes that drive soil erosion is necessary to support sustainable management practices and to reduce eutrophication of water systems from fertilizer runoff. The erosivity of precipitation is a primary control on the rate of soil erosion, but to calculate erosivity high frequency precipitation data is required. Prior global scale analysis has almost exclusively used ground-based rainfall gauges to calculate erosivity, but the advent of high frequency satellite rainfall data provides an opportunity to estimate erosivity using globally consistent gridded satellite rainfall. In this study, I have tested the use of GPM IMERG rainfall data to calculate global rainfall erosivity. I have tested three different approaches to assess whether simplification of IMERG data allows for robust calculation of erosivity, finding that the highest frequency 30-minute data is needed to best replicate gauge-based estimates. I also find that in areas where ground-based gauges are sparse, there is more disparity between the IMERG derived estimates and the ground-based results, suggesting that IMERG may allow for improved erosivity estimates in data-poor areas. The global extent and accessibility of IMERG data allows for regular calculation of erosivity on a month-to-month timeframe, permitting improved dynamic characterisation of rainfall erosivity across the world in near-real time. These results demonstrate the value of satellite data to assess the impact of rainfall on soil erosion and may benefit practitioners of sustainable land management planning.
Thermal infrared dust optical depth and coarse-mode effective diameter retrieved from collocated MODIS and CALIOP observations
Authors: Zheng Jianyu , Zhang Zhibo , Yu Hongbin , Garnier Anne , Song Qianqian , Wang Chenxi , Di Biagio Claudia , Kok Jasper F. , Derimian Yevgeny , Ryder Claire
Published: February 2023

Abstract. In this study, we developed a novel algorithm based on the collocated Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) thermal infrared (TIR) observations and dust vertical profiles from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) to simultaneously retrieve dust aerosol optical depth at 10 µm (DAOD10μm) and the coarse-mode dust effective diameter (Deff) over global oceans. The accuracy of the Deff retrieval is assessed by comparing retrieved Deff with the in-situ measured dust particle size distributions (PSDs) from the AER-D, SAMUM-2 and SALTRACE field campaigns through case studies. The new DAOD10μm retrievals were evaluated first through comparisons with the collocated DAOD10.6μm retrieved from the combined Imaging Infrared Radiometer (IIR) and CALIOP observations from our previous study (Zheng et al. 2022). The pixel-to-pixel comparison of the two retrievals indicates a good agreement (R~0.7) and a significant reduction of (~50 %) retrieval uncertainties largely thanks to the better constraint on dust size. In a climatological comparison, the seasonal and regional (5°×2°) mean DAOD10um retrievals based on our combined MODIS and CALIOP method are in good agreement with the two independent Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) products over three dust transport regions (i.e., North Atlantic (NA; R = 0.9), Indian Ocean (IO; R = 0.8) and North Pacific (NP; R = 0.7)). Using the new retrievals from 2013 to 2017, we performed a climatological analysis of coarse mode dust Deff over global oceans. We found that dust Deff over IO and NP are up to 20 % smaller than that over NA. Over NA in summer, we found a ~50 % reduction of the number of retrievals with Deff > 5 μm from 15° W to 35° W and a stable trend of Deff average at 4.4 μm from 35° W throughout the Caribbean Sea (90° W). Over NP in spring, only ~5 % of retrieved pixels with Deff > 5 μm are found from 150° E to 180°, while the mean Deff remains stable at 4.0 μm throughout eastern NP. To our best knowledge, this study is the first to retrieve both DAOD and coarse-mode dust particle size over global oceans for multiple years. This retrieval dataset provides insightful information for evaluating dust long-wave radiative effects and coarse mode dust particle size in models.
Detection of mixing and precipitation scavenging effects on biomass burning aerosols using total water heavy isotope ratios during ORACLES
Authors: Henze Dean , Noone David , Toohey Darin
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The interaction between biomass burning aerosols and clouds remains challenging to accurately determine in part because of difficulties in using direct observations to account for influences of scavenging and dilution separately from sources. The prevalence of mixing versus precipitation processes in biomass burning aerosol (BBA) laden air over the southeast Atlantic is assessed during three intensive observation periods during the NASA ORACLES (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS) campaign. Air in the lower free troposphere (FT) and marine boundary layer (MBL) are distinct, and can be treated as separate analyses, although connections are made where relevant. Aircraft in-situ measurements of total water heavy isotope ratios to are used to assess of air parcel precipitation history. Subsequently, the isotopic fingerprint of precipitation influence is used to identify the prevalence of wet scavenging of black carbon aerosols. In situ observations in the lower FT are combined with satellite and MERRA-2 data into simple analytical models to constrain hydrologic histories of BBA-laden air originating over Africa and flowing over the southeast Atlantic. We find that even simple models are capable of detecting and constraining the primary processes at play. Regression of the aircraft data onto a simple model of convective detrainment is used to develop a metric of precipitation history. The approach is supported by complementary analysis using the ratio of black carbon to carbon monoxide (BC / CO). The method is expanded to test the entrainment and precipitation influences on marine boundary layer air. This is more difficult than the lower FT analysis since signals are more subtle, and limited by imperfect knowledge of the water and isotope ratios of the entrained airmass at cloud-top. Nonetheless, lower cloud condensation nuclei concentrations occur in the sub-cloud layer coincident with isotope ratio evidence of precipitation, indicating aerosol scavenging in the 2016 and 2018 IOPs. For the 2017 IOP, with the highest sub-cloud CCN concentrations, there is no connection between precipitation signals and CCN concentrations, likely indicating the importance of the different geographic sampling and air mass history in that year. These findings demonstrate the value of leveraging the isotope ratio signals of precipitation history that is distinct from the signature of dilution effects to constrain BC scavenging coefficients in a manner which can guide in model parameterizations, and ultimately lead to improvements in the accuracy of simulated BC concentrations and lifetimes in climate models.
Causal interactions between ENSO and the North Tropical Atlantic
Authors: Le Thanh , Bae Deg-Hyo
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The global climate is impacted by several major climate modes including the North Tropical Atlantic mode (NTA) and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Although NTA and ENSO are suggested to have connections, there is uncertainty regarding the causal relationship between these climate modes. While previous works focused on the correlation between NTA and ENSO, causal analyses accounting for the influence of other tropical climate modes are lacking. Here we investigate the causal links between ENSO and NTA using outputs from high-resolution climate model simulations and reanalysis data. Our results suggest robust causal effects of ENSO on NTA and provide insights on the unstable impacts of NTA on ENSO. We observe high consistency between reanalysis data and the models in mimicking the impacts of ENSO on North Tropical Atlantic region. Specifically, most models (14 over 20) and reanalysis data revealed that ENSO is very unlikely to have no causal impacts on NTA. However, there is diverse response of the tropical Pacific to NTA between reanalysis data and the models. While reanalysis data indicates possible impacts of NTA on ENSO and sea surface temperature over the equatorial Pacific, the majority of models (18 over 20) suggest that the NTA is likely to have no causal effects on ENSO. Hence, the models may underestimate the causal effects of NTA on ENSO, implying that better representation of NTA variability and NTA-ENSO causal connections in the models may improve the predictability of ENSO variations.