bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Catalyzing Socioeconomic Change: Exploring Microfinance's Impact on Poverty Dynamics in Afghanistan
Authors: Koshy Marc
Published: March 2024

Amidst the challenges of post-conflict reconstruction and poverty reduction, this study delves into the dynamics of microfinance and its potential to catalyze socio-economic change in Afghanistan. With a focus on critical indicators including employment rates, literacy rates, infant mortality rates, and the national poverty headcount ratio, this research examines the nuanced relationship between microfinance and poverty alleviation. Employing a quantitative approach, the study employs regression analyses to unveil the impacts of microfinance engagement indicators on these socio-economic variables. Drawing from a rich collection of secondary data, this research collects four dimensions of microfinance engagement (i.e. number of active borrowers, gross loan portfolio, amount of savings, and number of active savers) and employs them as parameters vis-à-vis the critical indicators. This research conducts a systemic analysis of the empirical evidence and contributes to the understanding of how microfinance interventions can pave the way for a more inclusive and prosperous future for Afghanistan.
Stability in the Age of Cryptocurrencies: A Critical Review of Stablecoin Mechanisms and their Implications
Authors: Valle Vedia Jorge , Montanez Samuel
Published: March 2024

Cryptocurrencies have catalyzed financial innovation, with Bitcoin's emergence partly in response to the 2008 financial crisis, attracting both enthusiasts and skeptics. Initially, it functioned within a tight community, evolving into a global phenomenon after 2014. After the crypto market grew, investors faced the challenge of conversion risk as most liquid cryptos have high variability. Stablecoins, such as Tether, addressed volatility concerns and offered "crypto-fiat." Tether, the leading stablecoin, wielded influence over Bitcoin prices. Market data analysis revealed an inverse relationship between Tether and Bitcoin's price volatility. Tether's price stabilization is attributed to clearer backing policies post-2019. Research by Thanh et al. (2022) indicated USD-backed stablecoins' superior stability compared to algorithmic variants. Tether's negative correlation with other stablecoins positions it as a stable and solid choice. Larger market-cap stablecoins like USDT and USDC impact smaller ones. Additionally, USDT's trading volume increase positively correlates with heightened Bitcoin volatility, confirming prior findings. These dynamics continue shaping the evolving cryptocurrency landscape.
Unveiling the Mind’s Mystery: Exploring the Neurological Basis of Consciousness and its Impact on Human Health
Authors: Oza Prisha
Published: March 2024

Viewed as one of the biggest mysteries in science, consciousness was once overlooked as a research topic and is now an expanding field in neuroscience. Currently, there is no set definition for consciousness, and its biological underpinnings are not fully understood. Disorders of consciousness, where appropriate levels of consciousness are not achieved for a given period, can have a significant impact on quality of life. To recognize the implications of consciousness, it is important to understand the neurological basis of consciousness disorders. Today, research is limited to patients that suffer from long-term states of unconsciousness. However, scientists have been able to form a framework for the biological circuits involved in consciousness. It has been determined that consciousness is regulated through the integration of neural circuits between several parts of the brain. Many theories associated with the neural circuits that allow the human body to sustain consciousness exist: the Global Neuronal Workspace Theory, Information Integration Theory, and Temporospatial Theory of Consciousness. External factors can also lead to disorders of consciousness. While researchers have developed a clearer picture of the biological underpinnings of consciousness, treatments and recovery from disorders of consciousness remains challenging. As such, further work is needed to improve patient outcomes in disorders of consciousness. Here, we will define the areas of the brain related to consciousness, discuss the biological systems involved in conscious systems, and discuss disorders of consciousness and their current treatments. Finally, we will discuss new approaches to treatments and how they can improve patient outcomes.
Enhancing Blockchain Technology Platforms: Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Optimal Support and Efficiency
Authors: Patil Anushka , Hester John
Published: March 2024

Recently, the landscape of e-commerce has undergone a remarkable transformation, propelled by a sudden surge in blockchain technology. The traditional era of bank transactions was plagued by technical difficulties, transfer limitations, security breaches, and high transfer fees. However, blockchain technology, which utilizes a decentralized public database for storing and transferring funds via cryptocurrencies, has emerged as a promising solution. This literature review delves into the multifaceted challenges associated with blockchain technology and explores various works addressing these concerns. Additionally, this study investigates the potential of integrating artificial intelligence to tackle the obstacles faced by blockchain technology, paving the way for an even more efficient and secure e-commerce ecosystem.
The Mediating Effect of Stress Management Competency on the Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Employee Attrition: Evidence in a Local Government Unit
Authors: Dalam Basir E. , Dura Dr. Alger P.
Published: March 2024

Purpose: The workforce or manpower is one of the 4Ms of production and is considered the most critical factor of production. It is the employees who determine whether the organization succeeds or fails. The primary goal of this study was to determine the mediating effect of stress management competency on the relationship between job satisfaction and employee attrition.

Materials and Methods: A non-experimental quantitative research design was used, specifically the descriptive-correlational and mediation approaches. A face-to-face survey was used to obtain data. The data were obtained from 322 City Environment and Natural Resources employees, including regular and contractual employees, job orders, and allied service personnel selected through stratified random sampling. The statistical tools used to analyze and interpret the data were descriptive statistics, Pearson’s R, regression procedures, and Sobel’s Z-test. The mediation effect on the relationship between the independent and dependent variables was ascertained by path analysis (Structural Equation Modelling, or SEM) and the Medgraph Sobel’s Z-test.

Findings: Results revealed a high descriptive level of job satisfaction and employee attrition and a very high descriptive level of stress management competency. It was found that job satisfaction and employee attrition, job satisfaction and stress management competency, and stress management competency and employee attrition are significantly related. The results revealed that stress management competency partially mediated the relationship between job satisfaction and employee attrition.

Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Upskilling programs improve employees’ skills and knowledge, making them valuable assets to the organization. Employees may invest in both hard skills and soft skills. Organizations may also continue to recognize the accomplishments and achievements of their employees no matter how small or big they are because being recognized at work will boost employees' morale, which will also lead to efficiency and productivity. The concept of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) should continue to be practiced for long-term solutions to discrimination issues. Organizations, through their HRM, may continue formulating holistic programs and schemes that promote employees' physical and mental health, foster a positive working environment, a harmonious relationship, competitive salary, and benefits packages, and strengthen retention programs.
Utilization of Artificial Intelligence in Chatbot Development for New Student Admission Support at Cokroaminoto University Palopo
Authors: Hamzah Muhammad Akram , Siaulhak Siaulhak , Iriansa Iriansa , Jumardi Andi , Aman Andryanto
Published: March 2024

This research aims to develop an artificial intelligence-based chatbot as a support tool for the New Student Admission (PMB) process at Cokroaminoto University Palopo. The system development method applied is the waterfall method, which consists of analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance stages. The main focus of this research is to design and implement a chatbot that is able to provide information and support to prospective new students throughout the admission process. In the analysis stage, user needs and scenarios were identified to guide the development of the chatbot. System design includes the selection of artificial intelligence algorithms and a friendly user interface. Implementation involves developing a chatbot prototype that utilizes artificial intelligence technology. The expected results can improve the efficiency and quality of new student admission services at Universitas Cokroaminoto Palopo.
Design and Implementation of the SALUTS System to Support of Improvement of Tourism Transactions and Promotion
Authors: Akhir Putra Juniardi , Nuryadi Halid , Yuliadi Yuliadi , Mardinata Erwin , Hudaya Chairul , Esabella Shinta , Putra Ardiansyah , Juliansyah Ahmad
Published: March 2024

This research aims to design and build a tourism system in Sumbawa Regency. In this research is using a qualitative approach that used model of rapid application development (RAD) for system development life circle (SDLC) method. Overall the first stage is system planning, next stage is analyzing tourism data and information that would be presented on web and android technology based. In addition, for users interface display is the attractive database design. The final stage is coding the system and produce a prototype for the implementation which is presenting on the web pages and google play store for android smartphones. The system presented could be used for evaluation, monitoring and facilitating of tourism transaction and promotion processes in Sumbawa Regency.
Application of the Support Vector Machine (SVM) Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Yuliadi Yuliadi , Dzil Ikram Fadhli , Julkarnain M. , Hamdan Fahri , Nuryadi Halid
Published: March 2024

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a disease whose main cause is complications of diabetes mellitus. High levels of sugar in the blood (glucose) are caused by the pancreas' inability to produce insulin. Prevention of diabetic retinopathy and blindness by carrying out examinations at an early stage and doing them regularly. Currently, doctors still carry out examinations manually so they are prone to errors in examinations. This research aims to build an application to diagnose Diabetic Retinopathy in order to facilitate the work of the medical team and doctors at the eye clinic. In the application creation process, MATLAB is used, while feature extraction uses GLCM and for classification, SVM is used. The results of the research are that doctors and medical teams are helped in carrying out manual patient diagnoses and reduce the occurrence of human error.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Traditional Machine Learning Models in Speaker Recognition: A Comparative Study Using the LibriSpeech Dataset
Authors: Airlangga Gregorius
Published: March 2024

The efficacy of machine learning models in speaker recognition tasks is critical for advancements in security systems, biometric authentication, and personalized user interfaces. This study provides a comparative analysis of three prominent machine learning models: Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, and Gradient Boosting, using the LibriSpeech test-clean dataset—a corpus of read English speech from audiobooks designed for training and evaluating speech recognition systems. Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs) were extracted as features from the audio samples to represent the power spectrum of the speakers’ voices. The models were evaluated based on precision, recall, F1-score, and accuracy to determine their performance in correctly identifying speakers. Results indicate that Logistic Regression outperformed the other models, achieving nearly perfect scores across all metrics, suggesting its superior capability for linear classification in high-dimensional spaces. Naive Bayes also demonstrated high efficiency and robustness, despite the inherent assumption of feature independence, while Gradient Boosting showed slightly lower performance, potentially due to model complexity and overfitting. The study underscores the potential of simpler machine learning models to achieve high accuracy in speaker recognition tasks, particularly where computational resources are limited. However, limitations such as the controlled nature of the dataset and the focus on a single feature type were noted, with recommendations for future research to include more diverse environmental conditions and feature sets.
Pengaruh Rasio Tunggakan Dan Rasio Penagihan Terhadap Profitabilitas (Survey Pada PT. Bank National Nobu Tbk Cabang Palembang Square Periode 2018-2020)
Authors: Suci Rina Atrijaya , Romli Harsi , Tripermata Lukita
Published: March 2024

This study aims to analyze the effect of the arrears ratio and collection ratio on profitability at PT Bank National Nobu Tbk Palembang Square Branch. The sample selection was determined by purposive sampling from the year of 2018 to 2020. The analytical model used in this study was a multiple linear regression analysis model. Based on the results of research and analysis conducted, it can be concluded that partially the ratio of arrears has no effect on profitability at PT Bank National Nobu Tbk Palembang Square Branch. While the billing ratio has an effect on profitability at PT Bank National Nobu Tbk. Meanwhile, the ratio of arrears and the ratio of collections together affects the profitability of PT Bank National Nobu Tbk. This research is expected to be additional literature on the topic of corporate profitability.
Pengaruh Keputusan Investasi, Keputusan Pendanaan, Dan Kebijakan DividenTerhadap Nilai Perusahaan Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Andini Andini , Hendarmin R.M. Rum , Sayadi M. Hamdan
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of investment decisions, funding decisions and dividend policies on firm value in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research is a quantitative research that uses secondary data. The secondary data was taken from the year of 2015 to 2019 using a purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression and then processed with SPSS 24 software. The results show that investment and funding decisions have a positive effect on firm value. Meanwhile, dividend policy has a negative effect on firm value. Through this research, manufacturing companies will be able to study the factors that can affect the value of the company.
THE LANDSCAPE OF AUTHENTICATION SYSTEMS: A COMPREHENSIVE SURVEY
Authors: Younis MOSTAFA Ehab , J. MOHAMMED Saja
Published: March 2024

Nowadays, authentication systems are extremely important in many aspects of digital life. They help to protect personal and confidential data from unauthorized access. authentication systems are effective ways to prevent hacking and fraud attacks. Also, They are crucial in ensuring digital security and protecting sensitive data in our connected world. The authentication can be done in multiple ways, one of which is using a password, such system is called a password-based authentication system. Password is the basic and most common method of authentication. This paper overviews the authentication systems, types, and objectives and mentions each type's disadvantages, advantages, and problems. The paper then highlights the text password authentication system, its weak points, and attacks they are exposed to, in addition to developing means and methods to increase the strength of passwords so that they can overcome the attacks they face. The paper provides a good background for anyone who wants to start in this field, as it gives a detailed idea of the systems used, making it easier for the reader to choose the authentication system to desire
A NEW PROPOSED LIGHTWEIGHT CIPHER
Authors: AL-WATTAR Auday H.
Published: March 2024

Modern cryptography algorithm development has favored hardware optimization in computer systems. This is especially important for fitting cryptographic protocols onto devices with limited computing capacity, volume, and power consumption. Lightweight cryptography is an intellectual pursuit that develops cryptographic methods for economically frugal systems. This study introduces a revolutionary lightweight block cipher based on bio features for adequate cryptographic data security. A carefully planned sequence of analytical paradigms, the core of which involves complex computations to evaluate the proposed cryptographic approach, supports this innovation's theoretical foundations. As detailed in the research, these extensive assessments demonstrate the technology's strong security. The essay examines frequency analysis, frequency within block analysis, and the run test to provide a more complete review. These analytical tools provide sophisticated information regarding the algorithm's resilience to specific cryptographic vulnerabilities. Frequency analysis measures value distribution in the cipher, revealing possible susceptibilities. Frequency within block analysis shows complex value patterns inside discrete blocks, indicating the algorithm's behavior under certain situations. The run test is essential for determining the algorithm's avalanche impact. A careful evaluation of sequential value distribution tests the algorithm's innate sensitivity to input changes, a prerequisite for cryptographic security. This paper carefully examines cryptography algorithmic assessment following academic abstract principles. It includes core security assessments, frequency, frequency within the block, and run tests. The proposed lightweight block cipher's evaluative rigor supports its merit and cogency, making it a significant contribution to the evolving landscape of cryptographic algorithms for resource-constrained computational ecosystems.
MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF VIRULENCE PROPERTIES AND VIRULENCEASSOCIATED GENE (ISS) OF E. COLI ISOLATED FROM BROILER CHICKS
Authors: Banay ZUBAIRI Rawaa , A. MUTTER Zainab
Published: March 2024

The present study identified virulence genes for existence of virulence genes increased the serum survival (Iss) for determining the pathogenicity regarding E. coli in broiler chicks. The results indicated that 45 (36.7%) of the 120 samples collected from dead and morbid broiler chicks that have been infected with E. coli, and the difference between non-pathogenic and pathogenic was investigated. Hemolysin production, motility, and the agglutination test have been also shown to be positive. In vitro tests revealed that three isolates have been classed as moderately, highly, and slightly virulent, based on their pathogenicity features. Broiler chicks have been typified by the monovalent antisera had indicated that (31.74%) have been identified as E. coli serotype O2. Slightly and highly pathogenic isolates have been responsive to chloramphenicol, penicillin, gentamicin, and streptomycin, while moderately pathogenic isolates have been only susceptible to the gentamicin and chloramphenicol. The use of the PCR as a valid approach for detecting virulence genes resulted in an increase in serum survival (Iss) in 15 (65.2%) of the total sample
BACTERIOPHAGES AS ANTIBIOTICS ALTERNATIVES TO COMBAT MULTIDRUG RESISTANT PATHOGENS: A REVIEW ARTICLE
Authors: Shakir ALATTAR Nagham , Fouad ALI Layla
Published: March 2024

Antibodies, probiotics, and antimicrobial peptides are currently undergoing clinical studies as potential options to treat infections as bacteria become more resistant to traditional antibiotics and as more medications lose their efficacy against drug-resistant bacteria. In various regions of the world, bacteriophages have also been employed as a form of therapy. The advantage of these approaches is that the disease-causing bacteria are the only ones that are treated, leaving the beneficial commensal microbial communities of the host intact. This antimicrobial does not typically have an impact on commensal bacteria in addition to its pathogenic targets, as do the majority of antibiotics. The phage exhibits a great bactericidal effect while altering the normal flora very little. The medical benefits of phages for antibioticresistant and sensitive robotic microorganisms are comparable These unique disease-treating techniques must be further developed in order to improve their availability, effectiveness, and dependability as antibiotic substitutes
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES IN POSTPARTUM ANESTRUS COWS DIAGNOSED BY ULTRASOUND IN BASRAH PROVINCE
Authors: A. ALSALIM Husamaldeen , F. ABBAS Mosa , H. SANAD Noor , R. ABBAS Haider
Published: March 2024

This study was conducted in Basrah province from September 2022 till December 2022 to evaluate the ratio of enzymatic antioxidants; catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), glutathione (GSH), and the concentration of malondialdehyde level (MDA) in the serum of 10 cows that suffered from postpartum anestrus compared five cyclic cows as a control group. In addition, a hormonal evaluation (Estrogen E2, progesterone P4, and cortisol) in postpartum anestrus cows compared regular control group. Postpartum anestrus and cyclic cows are diagnosed ultrasonographically by examining the genital tract per rectum using ultrasound. The results revealed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in all antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH-px) in postpartum anestrus cows in compared with to regular cyclic cows. The results of GSH analysis revealed that nonsignificant elevation occurred in postpartum anestrus cows compared to normal cyclic cows, and a significant increase (P<0.05) in the MDA level occurred in anestrus cows compared control group. The hormonal analysis showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in both estrogen and progesterone with a significant elevation (P<0.05) for cortisol in anestrus cows compared to cyclic cows. The study concluded the postpartum anestrus cows were under oxidative stress, which plays an essential role in anestrus, especially after parturition
Neurocirugía Funcional y Estereotáxica: Conceptos de Interés general
Authors: Cremaschi Fabián
Published: March 2024

Es un libro breve pero muy actualizado sobre los principios de la neurocirugía funcional y estereotáctica. Dividido en 9 capítulos, comienza con una breve reseña histórica de la especialidad en Uruguay, país de nacimiento del autor. Continúa con los conceptos generales sobre neurocirugía funcional y estereotaxia, cirugía de los movimientos anormales, cirugía de los trastornos psiquiátricos, cirugía de la espasticidad, tratamiento neuroquirúrgico del dolor, cirugía de epilepsia, conceptos de radiocirugía y, finalmente, anestesia en neurocirugía funcional y estereotáctica. El autor, Dr. Humberto Prinzo, es un joven y reconocido neurocirujano uruguayo, quien contó con la colaboración de 13 autores nacionales, con sólida formación y experiencia en la temática abordada.
Synthesis, Spectroscopic Evaluations and UV-Vis Titration Studies of New Symmetrical Amide Compounds Derived from N-6-[(4-pyridylmethylamino)carbonyl]-pyridine-2-carboxylic Acid Methyl Ester
Authors: Abdul Kadir Maisara , Haris Nur Shuhaila Haryani , Mohamed Zuki Hafiza , Kassim Syara , Kassim Karimah
Published: March 2024

In this study, 2 flexible and pre-organized tetraamide compounds derived from N-6-[(4-pyridylmethylamino)carbonyl]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester namely 1,2-bis[N,N’-6-(4-pyridylmethylamido)pyridyl-2-carboxyamido]pentane (L1) and 1,2-bis[N,N’-6-(4-pyridylmethylamido)pyridyl-2-carboxyamido]hexane (L2) have been successfully synthesized when reacted with diamines in 1:2 ratio. These new compounds were built from combination of 3 main components, as a trend requires for anion receptor which are (i) 2,6-pyridine dicarboxamide moieties as targeted anion binding host, (ii) amino methyl pyridine pendants arms as the flexible moieties and (iii) pentyl (-C5H10-) and hexyl (-C6H12-) unit as the spacer. Compounds L1-L2 were fully characterized by using elemental analyzer, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), 1H, 2D NOESY and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopies, and Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopies. In this study, anion titration methods were used to identify the affinity towards selected anions. The results showed that L1 (having a pentyl spacer) had the highest affinity towards phosphate anions as compared to L2, where the red shift changes were observed in the UV-vis spectrum at the amide region.
HIGHLIGHTS

Two novel amide compounds with flexible and pre-organized structure are designed for use as potential anion receptors
The flexible moieties at the amide and the linker allow hydrogen bonding interaction of the molecules with variety anions with different geometries
Anion titration studies revealed good affinities towards phosphate anions as suggested in Hofmeister trend

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Smart Shoes With GPS and GSM Connectivity to Empower Your Every Step
Authors: Abhishek R. Mahajan  , Tejas G. Wasnik  , Samruddhi S. Boharupi  , Ekta S. Gawai  , Pratiksha B. Bhawate  , Gajanan D. Nagoshe
Published: March 2024

The main purpose of this paper presenting our revolutionary creation: Smart Shoes featuring GPS and GSM Connectivity, designed to bring peace of mind to every parent's heart. Imagine a world where worry takes a back seat as your loved ones embark on long journeys. With these remarkable shoes, equipped with advanced GPS guidance, you can ensure their safe passage with every step they take. When you are in trouble, just cross your feet in a special way and your location is sent to your family members. Wait, Even the family can get your location just by calling the shoe. When you call the SIM in the shoe, the shoe automatically hangs up the call and reverts back its current GPS location via SMS
Isaiah Berlin e os dois conceitos de liberdade
Authors: Ribeiro Gonçalves de Barros Alberto
Published: March 2024

O objetivo do artigo é examinar o ensaio de Isaiah Berlin, “Two Concepts of Liberty”, que teve um papel proeminente na difusão da distinção entre liberdade negativa e liberdade positiva, tornando-se uma referência fundamental no debate político sobre a liberdade no final do século passado. Pretende investigar a origem da oposição estabelecida, avaliar as possíveis objeções e discutir as suas implicações na teoria política contemporânea.
Autodeterminação como opressão: liberdade e ordem espontânea em F. A. Hayek
Authors: Fleck Amaro de Oliveira
Published: March 2024

A concepção moderna ou negativa de liberdade é usualmente vista como uma das características definidoras da tradição liberal. Neste artigo, eu pretendo contrastar a concepção de liberdade dos modernos de Benjamin Constant frente às concepções de liberdade negativa de Isaiah Berlin e de Friedrich Hayek. Eu defendo a tese de que não só não há uma continuidade entre elas como ainda há uma inversão em um ponto crucial: se para Constant a liberdade dos modernos carece da participação cívica em uma comunidade que se autodetermina, para Hayek tal possibilidade de autodeterminação é a própria fonte do risco da opressão, de modo que não há vínculo necessário ou possível entre liberdade e governo representativo. Ao fazer isto, argumento que Hayek oferece duas concepções distintas de liberdade, uma negativa (liberdade como ausência de coerção) e outra anti-positiva (liberdade como ausência de autodeterminação).
Liberdade de pensamento e liberdade de expressão em sociedades democráticas: do amplo direito aos limites impostos
Authors: De Moraes Pinheiro Celso
Published: March 2024

A ideia central deste trabalho é analisar algumas características significativas das liberdades de pensamento, de opinião e de expressão como fundamentos constitutivos das sociedades democráticas. Se a liberdade de expressão é essencial para a democracia, como compreender a necessidade de limites à livre exposição dos pensamentos? Quais os riscos de limites se tornarem censura? Como garantir a liberdade de expressão sem que direitos fundamentais sejam postos em perigo? Essas são algumas das questões que irão nortear as análises deste artigo.
O Deus faltado: Sartre e a dicotomia da singularidade histórica
Authors: Da Silva Luciano Donizetti
Published: March 2024

O eixo central da filosofia de Sartre é a liberdade, começo, fim e finalidade de ser-no-mundo; assim, parte-se da subjetividade (consciência intencional livre) que é, e somente poderia ser em situação que, por sua vez, limita seu ser. Essa condição dicotômica (liberdade-situada) funda-se metodologicamente na fenomenologia: trata-se de analisar condutas humanas no mundo e, dessas, revelar modos de ser fenomênicos, Em-Si, Para-Si e Para-Outro. O âmbito ôntico não está em nenhuma medida separado das estruturas de ser que o sustentam (ontológico), donde se possa dizer que ser-para-si é ser liberdade absoluta; todavia, ser-homem-no-mundo contraria essa tese, pois a mera inspeção de nossa condição comprova facilmente que estamos a ferros. Isso bem explica o mal-estar generalizado que a tese existencialista provoca: parece absurdo falar em liberdade ante a determinações mundano-concretas tão evidentes (corpo, natureza, classe etc.); e soa ainda mais absurda a tese de que a responsabilidade é também absoluta. Isso parece culpar o oprimido pela opressão, dando margem a alguma sorte de tese meritocrática – nada mais falso! Assim, a primeira tarefa desse artigo será desfazer a errônea impressão de que a tese da liberdade redunda numa filosofia de sobrevoo; ao contrário de abstração, é a condição humana no mundo que impõe esse paradoxo existencial: como pode que homens e mulheres façam a história e não se reconheçam nela? Isso leva ao intrincado modelo ontológico de Sartre, que exige a constante e fantasmagórica presença do hipostasiado Ser-Em-Si-Para-Si. Decorre disso que o fundamento último da liberdade é Abgrund (sem fundamento), pois sou no presente a partir de um projeto de ser que é meu, e sempre está em vias de reformulação (ser-fluído); mas é nesse, e somente por esse processo que se pode falar em devir histórico: ser-homem é ser-liberdade-para-se-libertar; a história, por sua vez, seguirá escrita por um Deus-faltado.
Será a liberdade irrestrita de expressão compatível com a imposição de limites à ridicularização?
Authors: Gonçalves dos Santos Bruno Aislã , Salles Sagid , Reis Lastra Cid Rodrigo
Published: March 2024

Temos três objetivos centrais neste ensaio. Primeiro, defender que a liberdade irrestrita de expressão é de fato compatível com a imposição de restrições a certos casos envolvendo ridicularização, e em particular a ridicularização de minorias. Nosso argumento central a favor disto será que a proibição ou punição da ridicularização nos casos relevantes não acarreta restrição à expressão de qualquer conteúdo que seja, mas apenas restrição aos modos como esses conteúdos são expressos. Segundo, mostrar que o tipo de restrição proposta é compatível com pelo menos três argumentos clássicos a favor da liberdade irrestrita de expressão, desenvolvidos por John Stuart Mill. Terceiro, sustentar que existe pelo menos um argumento consequencialista a favor deste tipo de restrição. Defenderemos que nossa perspectiva é imune aos argumentos apresentados por Ronald Dworkin em sua clássica e breve defesa da liberdade de ridicularização.
Novo ensino médio: os itinerários formativos na rede de ensino do Espírito Santo
Authors: Ferreira Eliza Bartolozzi , Santos Kefren Calegari dos
Published: March 2024

Este artigo é um recorte de uma pesquisa mais abrangente desenvolvida na rede estadual de ensino médio do Espírito Santo que acompanhou a implantação da reforma do ensino médio. Especificamente, este texto apresenta um retrato da organização dos itinerários formativos feita pela Secretaria de Estado da Educação do Espírito Santo a partir do mapeamento e da análise dos documentos produzidos em nível estadual como contribuição para os estudos sobre a aplicação de uma política educacional na prática. Os dados coletados informam um quadro geral da oferta dos itinerários formativos, que é de grande diversidade e desigualdade. No total de 78 municípios no estado, 22 possuem apenas uma escola, sendo que em cinco delas a oferta atende o mínimo legal de dois itinerários formativos. Ademais, 18 escolas estaduais ofertam somente um itinerário, o que contraria a legislação. A oferta do quinto itinerário formativo é predominante no estado, no qual a perspectiva da educação profissional está dissociada da formação geral, o que é um retrocesso em relação aos debates e políticas formuladas no passado recente do Brasil. Nossos estudos apontam que a reforma do ensino médio atualiza a Teoria do Capital Humano no século XXI, remetendo a uma maior dimensão interna/psique que busca a fabricação de subjetividades para o mercado; um ensino médio focado na formação de um individualismo baseado em valores e imagens ilusórias de um futuro promissor para estudantes situados nas franjas da sociedade.
A concepção de justiça e a sua relação com o trabalho pedagógico de docentes do curso de direito de uma instituição pública federal
Authors: Brenner Carmen Eloísa Berlote , Leite Maria Cecília Lorea
Published: March 2024

O objetivo desse estudo é suscitar as discussões a respeito do quanto as concepções pessoais dos(as) professores(as), expressas em imagens nesta pesquisa, podem impactar na produção do trabalho pedagógico e consequentemente nas questões curriculares institucionais, sendo elencada a concepção de justiça para a presente análise. O embasamento teórico pautou-se nos estudos de Ferreira (2017), Lopes e Macedo (2011), Bernstein (1996, 2003) e Fraser (2002). Para a realização dessa pesquisa foram selecionadas duas produções de um banco de imagens que contou com diversos desenhos produzidos por professores(as) do curso de graduação em direito de uma Instituição de Educação Superior (IES) Federal situada no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) e que expressaram em desenhos o que entendiam por justiça. A escolha das produções analisadas aqui se deu por possuírem elementos gráficos muito distintos e características semelhantes entre seus criadores. A metodologia de análise foi o Método Documentário de Interpretação (Bohnsack, 2020), o qual torna possível compreender o meio social através da imagem, possibilitando um aprofundamento ao invés de uma observação superficial do artefato visual. Verificou-se que a concepção de justiça apresentada em cada um dos desenhos remete a trabalhos pedagógicos distintos, pois os enfoques dados no processo de planejamento, recontextualização e avaliação serão intermediados pelas percepções do que acreditam ser importante. Essa pluralidade de ideias na produção do trabalho pedagógico impacta na construção do currículo de determinada turma, curso e/ou instituição, tomando por base o que for interpretado como relevante.
O interesse da crítica e suas origens. Apresentação à tradução de “Existe um interesse emancipatório do conhecimento?”, de Axel Honneth
Authors: Sobottka Emil Albert , Souza Luiz Gustavo da Cunha de , Simim Thiago Aguiar
Published: March 2024

Apresentação à tradução de “Existe um interesse emancipatório do conhecimento?”, de Axel Honneth.
The role of family and individual factors in going through adolescence having a disabled sibling – analysis of a healthy child’s functioning. A case-control study protocol
Authors: Łada-Maśko Ariadna Beata , Sajewicz-Radtke Urszula , Radtke Bartosz Mikołaj , Lipowska Małgorzata
Published: March 2024

Background

Having a disabled sibling can be a source of extremely important and enriching experiences that foster the development of social and emotional competences, as well as broadening the child’s perspective and knowledge. On the other hand, it also poses many challenges for the siblings, especially in adolescence. Thus, the aim of the proposed project is to investigate the specificity of the growing up process in young people with disabled siblings.

Participants and procedure

A total of 160 dyads (320 participants) – an adolescent and one of his/her parents – will take part in this cross-sectional case-control study. Participants will be assigned to four groups, having a sibling with: 1) intellectual disability, 2) motor disability, 3) chronic somatic disease, and 4) the control group – having a sibling without any disability. Both the healthy adolescent and one of the parents will fill out a set of questionnaires regarding the study variables: Questionnaire of Rela-tionships with Siblings, Parental Attitude Scale-2, KidScreen-27, Parentification Questionnaire for Youth, Teenage Rebellion Questionnaire, Child Behavior Checklist 6-18.

Results

The primary outcomes include investigating the healthy adolescent functioning in three environments: family, peers and school. The proposed research model focuses both on the difficulties associated with having a disabled sibling (e.g. possible occurrence of disorders) and resources (e.g. higher quality of relationships in the family, especially in the sibling subsys-tem).

Conclusions

The proposed comprehensive approach to the issue of disability in the family from the perspective of a healthy child will allow for a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the process of growing up with disabled siblings.
Robot-assisted surgery in urology
Authors: Chung Doo Yong , Lee Joo Yong
Published: March 2024

Background: In the field of urological surgery, robotic surgery continues to develop and increase. This paper is an overview of the present and future of robotic urological surgery.Current Concepts: Robot-assisted surgery has revolutionized minimally invasive surgery and advanced the technical limitations of laparoscopy. Urologists have always been eager to adopt new technological advances to benefit their patients, and they have also been pioneers in the field of robotic surgery.Discussion and Conclusion: Following the first approval by the Food and Drug Administration in 2000, the da Vinci System (Intuitive Surgical, USA) remained the leading robotic surgical system for over 20 years. In 2000, the first robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy was performed in urology. Subsequently, applications of the da Vinci System in urology have grown exponentially, including the kidney, urinary bladder, and reconstructive and functional urological surgeries. To date, urology is driving robotic innovation. The first specialist-engineered system for single-site surgery, the da Vinci SP, was initially approved for use in urological surgery. Due to the advantages of robotic surgery, such as excellent visibility and operability, the demand for robotic surgery in the urology department is continuously increasing. Recently, in addition to the da Vinci System, other robot platforms are being developed and commercialized in many countries. In South Korea, robots such as Revo-I (Meere Company Inc., Korea) and Zamenix (Roen Surgical, Korea) are being released and commercialized. Urologists continue to lead the development of domestic robots and robotic surgery.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND HEALTH IN TRANSIT
Authors: Galgani da Fonseca Gema , Tatiane Pimenta Jéssika , Antônio da Silva Nilson
Published: March 2024

Traffic is a social phenomenon in which it portrays the structural disposition and positioning of man - machine, in reciprocal interaction and movement with the influences of the social environment, when the dimension of subjectivity breaks with the dichotomies ensnared in modern thought, such as; individual/society, intellectual/emotional, internal/external through a theoretical model on the human psyche from its generative character within the cultural fabric in which people and groups participate. The subject of this study is justified by the fact that, in this social context in which human subjectivities - truck drivers and their risky behaviour - converge, traffic is characterized as an environmental and interdisciplinary phenomenon. To this end, bibliographic sources were searched on various interfaces related to the man-machine dyad, using data sources such as Google Scholar, the Virtual Health Library (VHL), scientific articles and statistical data source platforms. The results related to risk behaviors encompassed the human fact as one of the most impactful (adding other adversities such as fear of dismissal, symptoms of stress, anxiety, competitiveness, homesickness, burnout, psychological and psychiatric illness, victims of violence and traffic accidents, substance abuse); the use of the driver-machine relationship «the house is your truck» and the influences on the issue of driver and passenger vulnerability is a factor that causes numerous accidents. Therefore, in the face of contemporary demands involving pressure and a race against time, a high level of responsibility related to loads and transportation, stressful situations and a lack of healthier psycho-emotional resources is a watershed, determining the life or death of many individuals moving between their worlds. Further research correlating the dimension of human subjectivity is therefore fruitfully suggested, with a view to aligning the profession of truck drivers with safer traffic, promoting the reframing of this phenomenon and safer traffic and preservation of life.
STUDI CROSS SECTIONAL TERHADAP HUBUNGAN ASUPAN PROTEIN DENGAN KADAR PROTEIN TOTAL ASI PADA IBU MENYUSUI
Authors: Marissa Febi Marissa , Flora Rostika , Zulkarnain Mohammad , Ermi Nurmalia , Jasmine Annisah Biancika , Aguscik Aguscik , Ikhsan Ikhsan , Slamet Samwilson , Purnama Yetti , Sulung Neshy
Published: March 2024

Background: During breastfeeding, mothers need adequate nutritional intake, including protein intake. Essential amino acids play an important role in the process of breast milk protein synthesis and can increase the production and protein of breast milk.  Breast milk protein is needed to support the growth and development of infants in the early stages of life. This study aims to analyze the relationship between protein intake and breast milk protein levels in breastfeeding mothers. Methods: This study was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach conducted in Seluma Regency. The sample used was 77 breastfeeding mothers aged 20-35 years who were randomly selected.  Protein intake was obtained using 3x24 hour food recall, then calculated using the Nutri survey application. Breast milk protein levels were measured using the spectrophotometric method. Characteristic data were obtained through interviews. The data obtained were then processed and analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis using SPSS version 20. Result: The measurement of protein intake showed that 76.6% of breastfeeding mothers had insufficient protein intake. Measurement of breast milk protein levels showed that 67.5% of breastfeeding mothers had insufficient breast milk protein levels. Statistical test results showed that there was a significant relationship between protein intake and breast milk protein levels in breastfeeding mothers (p=0.007; PR=1.961; CI=1.08-3.56). Mothers who have less protein intake have a 1.96 times greater risk of having low breast milk protein levels. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between protein intake and breast milk protein levels in breastfeeding mothers (p<0.005).  Education related to protein intake in breastfeeding mothers needs to be done.  Adequate protein intake can produce the needed quality of breast milk to help the optimal growth and development of the baby.

Key words: breast milk, breast milk, protein intake, breastfeeding mothers, milk protein levels
PENGARUH LEAFLET UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN IBU DALAM PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DI PUSKESMAS PONJONG I YOGYAKARTA TAHUN 2020
Authors: Elvina Ade , Herlinda Herlinda , Nilawati Iin
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Pemberian ASI eksklusif merupakan salah satu angkah awal untuk menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian pada bayi. Bayi yang mendapatkan ASI eksklusif lebih sehat dan tidak mudah mengalami penyakit seperti diare, infeksi, penumonia, gangguan sistem pencernaan, Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) dan obesitas. ASI eksklusif dapat meningkatkan kualitas kehidupan jutaan bayi dan anak-anak serta mencegah lebih dari 800.000 kematian balita pertahun didunia. Tujuan penelitian ini manganalisis pengaruh leaflet untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu menyusui dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian pretest-post test with control group design. Populasi pada penelitian ini sebanyak 44 orang dengan sampel 22 responden setiap kelompok.

Hasil : Hasil selisih skor pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi sebesar 1,91 dengan p=0,000.

Simpulan:  Sehingga dapat disimpulkan, leaflet sebagai media edukasi tentang ASI eksklusif berpengaruh meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu menyusui.

Kata Kunci : Leaflet, Pengetahuan, ASI Ekslusif

 

ABSTRACT

Background:Exclusive breastfeeding is one of the first steps to reduce morbidity and mortality rates in babies. Babies who are exclusively breastfed are healthier and less susceptible to diseases such as diarrhea, infections, pneumonia, digestive system disorders, acute respiratory infections (ARI) and obesity. Exclusive breastfeeding can improve the quality of life of millions of babies and children and prevent more than 800,000 under-five deaths per year worldwide. The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of leaflets on increasing breastfeeding mothers' knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding.

Methods:This research is a quasi-experimental research with a pretest-post test research design with control group design. The population in this study was 44 people with a sample of 22 respondents from each group.

Results: The difference in knowledge scores before and after intervention was 1.91 with p=0.000.

Conclusion: So it can be concluded that leaflets as an educational medium about exclusive breastfeeding have an influence on increasing the knowledge of breastfeeding mothers.

Keywords: Leaflets, Knowledge, Exclusive Breastfeeding.
PROTOCOLO NUTRICIONAL PARA PACIENTES COM LESÃO POR PRESSÃO DE UM HOSPITAL PÚBLICO DA BAHIA
Authors: Santos Valdira da Silva , Campos Renata de Oliveira , Anunciação Taise Andrade da
Published: March 2024

A nutrição desempenha um papel importante na prevenção, intervenção e tratamento da lesão por pressão. Este trabalho teve como objetivo elaborar um protocolo nutricional para o manejo da lesão por pressão de pacientes internados em um hospital público do estado da Bahia. Para a elaboração deste protocolo foi realizado levantamento bibliográfico com base em evidências científicas atualizadas. O protocolo sugere um fluxograma para tomada de decisão da conduta do nutricionista, baseada em guedilines e diretrizes nacionais e internacionais, e as recomendações nutricionais de macro e micronutrientes para pacientes com lesão por pressão. A nutrição contribui no cuidado e cicatrização da lesão por pressão, às evidências científicas apontam a compatibilidade entre determinados nutrientes e o processo de cicatrização.  A avaliação e intervenção nutricional nesses pacientes são muitas vezes negligenciadas. Dessa forma, este artigo apresenta a construção do protocolo para o manejo nutricional a fim de auxiliar a assistência nutricional dos profissionais na unidade hospitalar direcionada para os cuidados destes pacientes.
Palavras-chave: lesão por pressão; terapia nutricional; cicatrização de feridas.