bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhaled Tobramycin in Children with Acute Bacterial Rhinopharyngitis
Authors: Varricchio A. , Tricarico D. , Lucia A. DE , Utili R. , Tripodi M.-F. , Giudice M. Miraglia Del , Capasso M. , Sabatino G. , Sgarrella M. , Marseglia G. L. , Ciprandi G.
Published: November 2018

Antibiotic abuse for treating rhinopharyngitis induces the occurrence of resistant bacteria. As topical drugs might reduce this phenomenon, the aims of our study were to evaluate inhaled tobramycin in children with acute bacterial rhinopharyngitis and to compare it with oral amoxicillin/clavulanate. The trial was conducted as randomized, parallel group and double blind. Children, aged 3–6 years, with acute bacterial rhinopharyngitis were treated with 15 mg of aerosolized tobramycin (Group A) or 50 mg/Kg of amoxicillin/clavulanate (Group B) twice daily for 10 days. The following parameters were assessed: nasal obstruction, mucopurulent rhinorrhea, post-nasal drip, adenoidal hypertrophy, tympanic inflammation, tympanogramm, rhinomanometry and cultures. Of 416 patients screened, 311 children (178 females and 133 males), median age 4.5 years, completed the study: 156 in Group A and 155 in Group B. Both treatments improved all parameters (p<0.01 for all). Intergroup analysis showed that inhaled tobramycin induced a better improvement versus amoxicillin/clavulanate concerning nasal obstruction (p<0.05), adenoidal hypertrophy (p<0.01), tympanic inflammation (p<0.01), rhinomanometry (p<0.01) and cultures (p<0.05). In conclusion, inhaled tobramycin may represent a valid treatment for acute bacterial rhinopharyngitis in children, as it is effective, safe, economic and simple to use.
Once-Weekly Administration of High-Dosage Etanercept in Patients with Plaque Psoriasis: Results of a Pilot Experience (Power Study)
Authors: Cassano N. , Loconsole F. , Galluccio A. , Miracapillo A. , Pezza M. , Vena G.A.
Published: November 2018

Etanercept is a soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor fusion protein which is approved for the treatment of plaque psoriasis at the dose of either 25mg twice weekly (BIW) or, for the initial 12 weeks, 50mg BIW. Alternative dosing regimens have not been evaluated in psoriasis. In this study, we compare the efficacy and tolerability of two etanercept dosing regimens - 50mg BIW and 100mg once weekly (OW) - for 12 weeks in 108 patients with moderate-to-severe recalcitrant psoriasis. Efficacy measures included Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), severity of pruritus recorded on a visual analogue scale (VAS) and the influence on quality of life assessed by means of Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Both etanercept regimens caused a significant change in all the efficacy parameters after 4 weeks and 12 weeks, at a comparable rate. At week 12, a PASI improvement of at least 50% from baseline (PASI 50) was achieved by 74% of patients treated with 50mg BIW and 78% of patients treated with 100mg OW. A PASI 75 response was obtained in 54% and 50% of patients treated with 50mg BIW and 100mg OW, respectively. Treatment was well tolerated with similar type and frequency of adverse events between the two groups.
Dance Like Someone is Watching
Authors: Carlson Emily , Burger Birgitta , Toiviainen Petri
Published: November 2018

Although dancing often takes place in social contexts such as a club or party, previous study of such music-induced movement has focused mainly on individuals. The current study explores music-induced movement in a naturalistic dyadic context, focusing on the influence of personality, using five-factor model (FFM) traits, and trait empathy on participants’ responses to their partners. Fifty-four participants were recorded using motion capture while dancing to music excerpts alone and in dyads with three different partners, using a round-robin approach. Analysis using the Social Relations Model (SRM) suggested that the unique combination of each pair caused more variation in participants’ amount of movement than did individual factors. Comparison with self-reported personality and empathy measures provided some preliminary insights into the role of individual differences in such interaction. Self-reported empathy was linked to greater differences in amount of movement in responses to different partners. When looking at males only, this effect persisted for the whole body, head, and hands. For females, there was a significant relationship between participants’ Agreeableness (an FFM trait) and their partners’ head movements, suggesting that head movement may function socially to indicate affiliation in a dance context. Although consisting of modest effect sizes resulting from multiple comparisons, these results align with current theory and suggest possible ways that social context may affect music-induced movement and provide some direction for future study of the topic.
A Qualitative Exploration of Post-Migration Family Dynamics and Intergenerational Relationships
Authors: Ayika David , Dune Tinashe , Firdaus Rubab , Mapedzahama Virginia
Published: November 2018

Migration can be a very stressful event that post migration involves major changes in family dynamics and intergenerational relationships. With plenty of literature discussing the challenges in these areas, this article focuses on the ways migrants perceive, navigate, and manage changes to their family structure, roles, and relationships. This study in Australia employed a participatory action research framework and qualitative focus groups with 164 migrants from seven ethno-cultural groups and a range of visa pathways. The data were analyzed thematically and revealed two major topics: Changes in Family Structure and Reconstructing Intergenerational Relationships and Roles. While acknowledging the challenges, the results demonstrate migrants’ resilience and ability to manage post-migration changes across generations, genders, and cultures. Notably, the migrants’ lives are characterized not only by a desire for multiculturalism and acculturation but also by the challenges that are related to assimilation and marginalization. This research highlights the important role that migrant and resettlement services can play in supporting families and community-oriented approaches to resettlement support. This may include the implementation of cross-cultural and intergenerational strategies drawn on the strengths of migrant families and their capacity to adapt to new and sometimes hostile environments.
The transmembrane protein disulfide isomerase TMX1 negatively regulates platelet responses
Authors: Zhao Zhenzhen , Wu Yi , Zhou Junsong , Chen Fengwu , Yang Aizhen , Essex David W.
Published: November 2018

Secreted platelet protein disulfide isomerases, PDI, ERp57, ERp5, and ERp72, have important roles as positive regulators of platelet function and thrombosis. Thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein 1 (TMX1) was the first described transmembrane member of the protein disulfide isomerase family of enzymes. Using a specific antibody, the recombinant extracellular domain of TMX1 (rTMX1) protein, a knockout mouse model, and a thiol-labeling approach, we examined the role of TMX1 in platelet function and thrombosis. Expression of TMX1 on the platelet surface increased with thrombin stimulation. The anti-TMX1 antibody increased platelet aggregation induced by convulxin and thrombin, as well as potentiated platelet ATP release. In contrast, rTMX1 inhibited platelet aggregation and ATP release. TMX1-deficient platelets had increased aggregation, ATP release, αIIbβ3 activation, and P-selectin expression, which were reversed by addition of rTMX1. TMX1-knockout mice had increased incorporation of platelets into a growing thrombus in an FeCl3-induced mesenteric arterial injury model, as well as shortened tail-bleeding times. rTMX1 oxidized thiols in the αIIbβ3 integrin and TMX1-deficient platelets had increased thiols in the β3 subunit of αIIbβ3, consistent with oxidase activity of rTMX1 against αIIbβ3. Thus, TMX1 is the first identified extracellular inhibitor of platelet function and the first disulfide isomerase that negatively regulates platelet function.
Collaborative Physician-Pharmacist–Managed Multiple Myeloma Clinic Improves Guideline Adherence and Prevents Treatment Delays
Authors: Sweiss Karen , Wirth Scott M. , Sharp Lisa , Park Irene , Sweiss Helen , Rondelli Damiano , Patel Pritesh R.
Published: November 2018

Purpose:

We hypothesized that a multidisciplinary collaborative physician-pharmacist multiple myeloma clinic would improve adherence to treatment and supportive care guidelines as well as reduce delays in receiving oral antimyeloma therapy.

Methods:

From March 2014 to February 2015, an oncology pharmacist provided consultation for all patients in a specialist myeloma clinic. This included reviewing medications, ensuring physician adherence to supportive care guidelines, managing treatment-related adverse effects, and navigating issues involving access to oral specialty medications (collaborative clinic).

Results:

Outcome measures were retrospectively compared with those of patients being treated by the same physician during the previous year, in which ad hoc pharmacist consultation was available upon request (traditional clinic). The collaborative clinic led to significant improvements in adherence to supportive medications, such as bisphosphonates (96% v 68%; P < .001), calcium and vitamin D (100% v 41%; P < .001), acyclovir (100% v 58%; P < .001), and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia prophylaxis (100% v 50%; P < .001). Appropriate venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in immunomodulatory drug–treated patients was prescribed in 100% versus 83% of cases ( P = .0035). The median time to initiation of bisphosphonate (5.5 v 97.5 days; P < .001) and P jirovecii pneumonia prophylaxis after autologous transplantation was shortened in the collaborative clinic (11 v 40.5 days; P < .001). Furthermore, the number (85% v 21%; P < .001) and duration (7 v 15 days; P = .002) of delays in obtaining immunomodulatory drug therapy were also significantly reduced.

Conclusion:

Our collaborative clinic model could potentially be applied to other practice sites to improve the management of patients with multiple myeloma. Prospective studies analyzing clinical outcomes, patient satisfaction, and cost effectiveness of this approach are warranted.
Share of Oncology Versus Nononcology Spending in Episodes Defined by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Oncology Care Model
Authors: Baumgardner James R. , Shahabi Ahva , Linthicum Mark T. , Zacker Christopher , Lakdawalla Darius N.
Published: November 2018

Purpose:

Performance-based payments to oncology providers participating in the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Oncology Care Model (OCM) are based, in part, on overall spending in 6-month episodes of care, including spending unrelated to oncology care. The amount of spending likely to occur outside of oncologists’ purview is unknown.

Methods:

Following the OCM definition of an episode, we used SEER-Medicare data from 2006 to 2013 to identify episodes of cancer care for the following diagnoses: breast cancer (BC), non–small-cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, multiple myeloma (MM), and chronic myeloid leukemia. Claims were categorized by service type and, separately, whether the content fell within the purview of oncology providers (classified as oncology, with all other claims nononcology). We calculated the shares of episode spending attributable to oncology versus nononcology services.

Results:

The percentage of oncology spending within OCM episodes ranged from 62.4% in BC to 85.5% in MM. The largest source of oncology spending was antineoplastic drug therapy, ranging from 21.8% of total episode spending in BC to 67.6% in chronic myeloid leukemia. The largest source of nononcology spending was acute hospitalization and inpatient physician costs, ranging from 6.6% of overall spending for MM to 10.4% for non–small-cell lung cancer; inpatient oncology spending contributed roughly similar shares to overall spending.

Conclusion:

Most spending in OCM-defined episodes was attributable to services related to cancer care, especially antineoplastic drug therapy. Inability to control nononcology spending may present challenges for practices participating in the OCM, however.
Aesthetic paradoxes of Russian drama
Authors: Злотникова Татьяна , Zlotnikova Tat'yana
Published: November 2018

Kulturphilosophie deterministic constant in the fate of Russian drama is presented through the presence and the severity of the aesthetic paradoxes. The author sees an attempt of the Russian drama of the XX century "to come off" from own roots. The book analyzes the experience of modern drama theory (Pushkin), genre paradoxes (Gogol), the formation of a specific picture of the world that anticipated the birth of the European drama of absurdity (Chekhov), as well as the experience of the Russian drama of the twentieth century. at the personal level (Gorky, Rozov) and at the level of trends (the search for a "positive hero" at the turn of 1970-1980, the Russian drama of absurdity, verbal aggression in the word). Innovative is about the Seminary "theory of drama as a cultural-philosophical horizon", which allows to actualize the analysis of the presented theoretical and empirical material through a specific categorical apparatus.
A rare case of successful endoscopic management of a fibroepithelial polyp with intussusception of the ureter and periodic prolapse into bladder
Authors: Hajji F , Moufid K , Ghoundale O , Touiti D
Published: November 2018

Fibroepithelial polyps of the ureter are rare non-epithelial benign tumours with a slight female predominance. They are primarily located in the upper left ureter, incidentally diagnosed in patients who are evaluated for gross haematuria or renal colic. Fibroepithelial polyps are traditionally managed by open surgery with resection of the polyp and its stalk or partial resection of the ureter. We describe the case of a fibroepithelial polyp located in the distal right ureter, which occurred in a 42-year-old man with lower urinary tract symptoms, haematuria and flank pain. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of ureteral fibroepithelial polyp acting as a lead point for ureteral intussusception and to protruding periodically into the bladder cavity, which was successfully resected by ureteroscopic electrocauterisation with good outcome.
The Association Between Continuity of Primary Care and Preventive Cancer Screening in Women With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Plourde Natasha , Brown Hilary K. , Vigod Simone , Cobigo Virginie
Published: November 2018

Women with intellectual disability have low screening rates for breast and cervical cancer. This population-based cohort study examined the association between the level of primary care continuity and breast and cervical cancer screening rates in women with intellectual disability. Data were obtained from the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences and the Ontario Ministry of Community and Social Services. Neither high (adjusted OR [aOR] = 1.06; 95% CI: 0.88-1.29) nor moderate (aOR = 1.11; 95% CI: 0.91-1.36) continuity of care were associated with mammography screening. Women were less likely to receive a Pap test with high (aOR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.64-0.77) and moderate (aOR = 0.81, 95% CI 0.74-0.89) versus low continuity of care. Improving continuity of care may not be sufficient for increasing preventive screening rates.
Associations Between Medical History, Cognition, and Behavior in Youth With Down Syndrome: A Report From the Down Syndrome Cognition Project
Authors: Rosser Tracie C. , Edgin Jamie O. , Capone George T. , Hamilton Debra R. , Allen Emily G. , Dooley Kenneth J. , Anand Payal , Strang John F. , Armour A. Chelsea , Frank-Crawford Michelle A. , Channell Marie Moore , Pierpont Elizabeth I. , Feingold Eleanor , Maslen Cheryl L. , Reeves Roger H. , Sherman Stephanie L.
Published: November 2018

The cause of the high degree of variability in cognition and behavior among individuals with Down syndrome (DS) is unknown. We hypothesized that birth defects requiring surgery in the first years of life (congenital heart defects and gastrointestinal defects) might affect an individual's level of function. We used data from the first 234 individuals, age 6-25 years, enrolled in the Down Syndrome Cognition Project (DSCP) to test this hypothesis. Data were drawn from medical records, parent interviews, and a cognitive and behavior assessment battery. Results did not support our hypothesis. That is, we found no evidence that either birth defect was associated with poorer outcomes, adjusting for gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Implications for study design and measurement are discussed.
Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the Self-Determination Inventory Student Self-Report: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Mumbardó-Adam Cristina , Guàrdia-Olmos Joan , Giné Climent , Shogren Karrie A. , Vicente Sánchez Eva
Published: November 2018

Instruments to measure self-determination have only been available in the Spanish language to date, for adolescents with intellectual disability (ID). However, given the development of a new measure of self-determination for youth with and without disabilities, the Self-Determination Inventory, there is a need to adapt and validate this tool in the Spanish language so as to provide practitioners with a psychometrically strong measure of self-determination. This study provides evidence of reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the scale, empirically tested with a sample of 620 youth with and without disabilities in Spain. Specifically, validity was evidenced through structural equation modeling approaches, confirming the instrument adequacy to measure self-determination in Spanish speaking youth. Future lines of research are suggested.
Desafios tecnológicos na produção de produtos com baixo teor de lactose
Authors: Paiva Virgínia Nardy , Gomes Elisângela Ramieres , Santos Valéria Maria dos , Stephani Rodrigo , Carvalho Antônio Fernandes de , Perrone Ítalo Tuler
Published: November 2018

A lactose é o principal açúcar do leite, sendo hidrolisada em glicose e galactose através da ação da enzima lactase. Alguns indivíduos têm deficiência dessa enzima no organismo, portanto, são intolerantes à lactose. Com o intuito de atender as necessidades especiais desses consumidores o mercado de produtos zero lactose vem crescendo ao longo dos anos. Porém, ainda existe uma série de limitações industriais na fabricação desses alimentos. A produção de leite em pó deslactosado é um desafio para indústria, devido a ocorrência de problemas como adesão ao equipamento, gerando baixo rendimento industrial. Os métodos mais sensíveis e eficazes para quantificar a lactose residual são de alto custo, inviáveis à realidade industrial. Outras técnicas consomem muito tempo e não são capazes de distinguir individualmente os carboidratos. Os processos térmicos aplicados a esses alimentos causam danos sensoriais e nutricionais, visto que as unidades monossacarídeas da lactose são mais reativas à reação de escurecimento não enzimático. Além disso, os produtos deslactosados estão mais propensos a atividade proteolítica. Faz-se necessário a otimização dos processos de fabricação, visando a redução de tempo e custos operacionais, como também a obtenção de produtos de qualidade e seguros ao consumidor.
Action Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets of Renal Fibrosis
Authors: Ma Shi-Xing , Shang You-Quan , Zhang Huan-Qiao , Su Wei
Published: November 2018

Renal fibrosis was a chronic and progressive process affecting kidneys in chronic kidney disease (CKD), regardless of cause. Although no effective targeted therapy yet existed to retard renal fibrosis, a number of important recent advances have highlighted the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the renal fibrosis. The advances including TGF-β/Smad pathway, oxidative stress and inflammation, hypoxia and gut microbiota-derived from uremic solutes were highlighted that could provide therapeutic targets. New therapeutic targets and strategies that are particularly promising for development of new treatments for patients with CKD were also highlighted.
The rise of genetically engineered mouse models of pancreatitis: A review of literature
Authors: Merry Troy L. , Petrov Maxim S.
Published: November 2018

Pancreatitis is increasingly recognized as not merely a local inflammation of the pancreas but also a disease with high frequency of systemic sequelae. Current understanding of the cellular mechanisms that trigger it and affect the development of sequelae are limited. Genetically engineered mouse models can be a useful tool to study the pathophysiology of pancreatitis. This article gives an overview of the genetically engineered mouse models that spontaneously develop pancreatitis and discusses those that most closely replicate different pancreatitis hallmarks observed in humans.
Therapeutic Application of Zinc and Vanadium Complexes against Diabetes Mellitus a Coronary Disease: A review
Authors: Azam Aisha , Raza Muhammad Asam , Sumrra Sajjad Hussain
Published: November 2018

During the last two decades, number of peoples suffering from diabetes has increased from 30-230 million globally. Today, seven out of the ten top countries are suffering from diabetes, are emergent countries. Due to alarming situations of diabetes, chemists and pharmacist are continuously searching and synthesizing new potent therapeutics to treat this disease. Now a days, considerable attention is being paid to the chemistry of the metal-drug interactions. Metals and their organic based complexes are being used clinically for various ailments. In this review, a comprehensive discussion about synthesis and diabetic evaluation of zinc and vanadium complex is summarized.
Debt Restructuring in the UK
Authors: Payne Jennifer
Published: November 2018

Many jurisdictions around the world are seeking to develop an effective mechanism for rescuing financially distressed but viable businesses. In the UK a number of different mechanisms exist which can be used to restructure distressed companies. The purpose of this paper is to assess the debt restructuring mechanisms currently available to companies in English law and to consider the proposed reform of the UK regime, announced by the Government in August 2018. It is argued that reform is needed, and that in general the proposals to introduce a restructuring moratorium and a restructuring plan which includes a cross class cramdown are to be welcomed. However, these reforms will need to be introduced with care in order to ensure that an appropriate balance is maintained between the interests of the company and the interests of the creditors and that, ultimately, the UK’s regime remains fit for purpose for the future.
K-theory classification of graded ultramatricial algebras with involution
Authors: Hazrat Roozbeh , Vaš Lia
Published: November 2018

We consider a generalization

K
0
gr

⁢

(
R
)

{K_{0}^{\operatorname{gr}}(R)}

of the standard Grothendieck group

K
0

⁢

(
R
)

{K_{0}(R)}

of a graded ring R with involution. If Γ is an abelian group, we show that

K
0
gr

{K_{0}^{\operatorname{gr}}}

completely classifies graded ultramatricial

*

{*}

-algebras over a Γ-graded

*

{*}

-field A such that
(1) each nontrivial graded component of A has a unitary element in which case we say that A has enough unitaries, and (2) the zero-component

A
0

{A_{0}}

is 2-proper (

a
⁢

a
*

+

b
⁢

b
*

=
0

{aa^{*}+bb^{*}=0}

implies

a
=
b
=
0

{a=b=0}

for any

a
,
b

∈

A
0

{a,b\in A_{0}}

) and

*

{*}

-pythagorean (for any

a
,
b

∈

A
0

{a,b\in A_{0}}

one has

a
⁢

a
*

+

b
⁢

b
*

=

c
⁢

c
*

{aa^{*}+bb^{*}=cc^{*}}

for some

c
∈

A
0

{c\in A_{0}}

). If the involutive structure is not considered, our result implies that

K
0
gr

{K_{0}^{\operatorname{gr}}}

completely classifies graded ultramatricial algebras over any graded field A. If the grading is trivial and the involutive structure is not considered, we obtain some well-known results as corollaries.
If R and S are graded matricial

*

{*}

-algebras over a Γ-graded

*

{*}

-field A with enough unitaries and

f
:

K
0
gr

⁢

(
R
)

→

K
0
gr

⁢

(
S
)

{f:K_{0}^{\operatorname{gr}}(R)\to K_{0}^{\operatorname{gr}}(S)}

is a contractive

ℤ
⁢

[
Γ
]

{\mathbb{Z}[\Gamma]}

-module homomorphism, we present a specific formula for a
graded

*

{*}

-homomorphism

ϕ
:

R
→
S

{\phi:R\to S}

with

K
0
gr

⁢

(
ϕ
)

=
f

{K_{0}^{\operatorname{gr}}(\phi)=f}

. If the grading is trivial and the involutive structure is not considered, our constructive proof implies the known results with existential proofs. If

A
0

{A_{0}}

is 2-proper and

*

{*}

-pythagorean, we also show that two graded

*

{*}

-homomorphisms

ϕ
,
ψ

:

R
→
S

{\phi,\psi:R\to S}

are such that

K
0
gr

⁢

(
ϕ
)

=

K
0
gr

⁢

(
ψ
)

{K_{0}^{\operatorname{gr}}(\phi)=K_{0}^{\operatorname{gr}}(\psi)}

if and only if there is a unitary element u of degree zero in S such that

ϕ
⁢

(
r
)

=

u
⁢
ψ
⁢

(
r
)

⁢

u
*

{\phi(r)=u\psi(r)u^{*}}

for any

r
∈
R

{r\in R}

.
As an application of our results, we show that the graded version of the Isomorphism Conjecture holds for a class of Leavitt path algebras:
if E and F are countable, row-finite, no-exit graphs in which every infinite path ends in a sink or a cycle and K is a 2-proper and

*

{*}

-pythagorean field, then the Leavitt path algebras

L
K

⁢

(
E
)

{L_{K}(E)}

and

L
K

⁢

(
F
)

{L_{K}(F)}

are isomorphic as graded rings if any only if they are isomorphic as graded

*

{*}

-algebras. We also present examples which illustrate that

K
0
gr

{K_{0}^{\operatorname{gr}}}

produces a finer invariant than

K
0

{K_{0}}

.
Dynamic Reclamation Methods for Subsidence Land in the Mining Area with High Underground Water Level
Authors: Chen Qiuji , Hang Mengru
Published: November 2018

Dynamic reclamation for subsidence land is a development trend of ecological restoration in the mining area. It emphasizes that treatments should be taken during or before land damage to control the ecological degradation. Because dynamic reclamation is a complex problem, there still exist many challenges that have to be studied for practical application. In this paper, taking subsidence land in the area with high underground water level as an example, according to the requirements of land use and economic development, key techniques for dynamic reclamation are analyzed based on mine subsidence theories. The research proposes a general mode for dynamic reclamation, and provides a method for calculating the control time of soil excavation, and puts forth an optimization thought for land use, then establishes a procedure for soil reconstruction. The results show that dynamic reclamation can reduce the cost and shorten the land waste time, and enhance the sustainable development ability of the mining area.
Synthesis and fungicidal activities of 2-{[(2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-ethylidene)amino]oxy}alkanamides containing dihydrobenzofuran
Authors: Wan Li , Zihui Yang , Aixi Hu , Jiao Ye , Xiaoming Ou , Hui Pei , Lian He , Jianming Li
Published: November 2018

In order to find new compounds with high fungicidal activity, acetamide derivatives 4a–x were rationally designed, synthesized, characterized and tested against various fungi in vivo. The bioassay results indicate that compounds 4k,m,o,r exhibit an 80% inhibition rate against Rhizoctonia solani at 500 mg/L, and compound 4j shows an 80% inhibition rate against Blumeria graminis at 500 mg/L. Therefore, compounds of 4 are promising fungicidal candidates worthy of further development.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of quinazolin-4(3H)-ones catalyzed by SbCl3
Authors: Kang Huaiyuan , Wang Weili , Sun Qinqiang , Yang Shuya , Jin Juan , Zhang Xuewen , Ren Xiaoliang , Zhang Jiming , Zhou Jianhua
Published: November 2018

Antimony(III) trichloride (SbCl3) is an effective catalyst (1 mol%) for the condensation of anthranilic amide with various aldehydes or ketones to quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives in good to excellent yields under microwave irradiation. The process is carried out within several minutes under solvent-free conditions. This general methodology has the advantages of simplicity, mild reaction conditions and high yields of products.
Synthesis and bioactivity of novel C2-glycosyl oxadiazole derivatives as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Authors: Wang Lei , Wu Yu-Ran , Ren Shu-Ting , Yin Long , Liu Xiu-Jian , Cheng Feng-Chang , Liu Wei-Wei , Shi Da-Hua , Cao Zhi-Ling , Sun Hui-Min
Published: November 2018

A series of glycosyl-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles were synthesized by cyclization of glycosyl-acylthiosemicarbazides via a base-catalyzed reaction. The starting glycosyl-acylthiosemicarbazide derivatives were obtained by the reaction of glycosyl isothiocyanate with various hydrazides. The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities of the products were tested by Ellman’s method. The most active compounds were subsequently evaluated for the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values. N-(1,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-amine (6i) possesses the best AChE -inhibition activity with an IC50 of 1.61±0.34 μm.
Evolution of Interfacial Features of MnO-SiO2 Type Inclusions/Steel Matrix during Isothermal Heating at Low Temperatures
Authors: Zhang Xueliang , Yang Shufeng , Li Jingshe , Liu Chengsong , Hao Wei-xing
Published: November 2018

To clarify the evolution of interfacial features between MnO-SiO2 type inclusions and Si-Mn killed steel during isothermal heating at low temperatures, two diffusion couple samples were investigated under heat treatment at 1173 K and 1273 K, respectively. The experimental results show that the diffusion of oxygen from the oxide to the alloy is the restrictive link of the solid-state reaction between MnO-SiO2-FeO oxide and steel matrix at low heating temperatures. With increasing heating time or temperature, more FeO in the oxide decomposed, and the resulting oxygen diffused into the alloy and reacted with Mn and Si elements. The critical heating temperature at which the interfacial reaction can occur was determined to be 1173 K. And a dynamic model that predicts the change in the width of the particles precipitation zone at low temperatures was also established based on Wagner equation.
Humor as social risk-taking: The relationships among humor styles, sensation-seeking, and use of curse words
Authors: Kennison Shelia M. , Messer Rachel H.
Published: November 2018

The research investigated the view that using humor can be a form of social risk-taking, as the attempt at humor may not always be viewed positively by others. Prior research has shown that individuals’ levels of sensation-seeking, a personality variable related to risk-taking, was related to humor appreciation. Other research has shown that sensation-seeking also predicted the use of curse words, another form of verbal risk-taking. The present research tested two hypotheses: a) sensation-seeking positively relates to each of the four humor styles and b) the use of curse words also positively relates to each of the four humor styles. The results obtained from a large sample of undergraduate students partially supported the hypotheses. Multiple regression analyses using the hierarchical approach further showed that sensation-seeking predicted two of the four humor styles for men (i.e. affiliative, aggressive) and two of the four for women (i.e. aggressive and self-defeating). The use of curse words predicted variance not explained by variation in sensation-seeking in the use of the aggressive humor style in men and women and for the affiliative humor style only for men. Overall, men reported higher levels of aggressive humor, sensation-seeking, and cursing than women. Implications for theoretical perspectives on humor and social risk-taking are discussed.
Influence of eugenol on oxidative stress biomarkers in the liver of carrageenan-induced arthritis rats
Authors: Adefegha Stephen Adeniyi , Oyeleye Sunday I. , Okeke Bathlomew M. , Oboh Ganiyu
Published: November 2018

Background

Eugenol is the foremost constituent of clove oil and widely distributed in many plants. It possesses many pharmaceutical applications, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumorigenic properties, among others. This study evaluates the influence of eugenol on oxidative stress biomarkers in the liver of carrageenan-induced arthritis (CIA) rats.

Methods

Sixty albino rats were randomly divided into 10 (n=6) groups. Group I is the control group that received saline solution orally. Groups II and VII rats received 2.5 mg/kg of eugenol orally (EUG-2.5). Rats in groups III/VIII and IV/IX received 5 and 10 mg/kg of eugenol orally (EUG-5 and EUG-10), respectively. Groups V and X received 0.2 mg/kg of dexamethasone (DEX-0.2) orally. Groups VI to X were injected with 1% carrageenan intra-articularly. Behavioral studies were conducted after 21 days of treatment. Thereafter, the animals were sacrificed, and the livers were isolated and used for biochemical analysis.

Results

Reduced body weight in arthritic rats was recorded compared to normal controls. Reduced tibiofemoral joint edema and increased spontaneous movement were observed in CIA rats with decreased superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase, and GSH S-transferase activities compared with the normal control group. Increased endogenous enzyme activities and decreased elevated lipid peroxidation were also observed after eugenol treatment.

Conclusion

Eugenol ameliorates carrageenan-induced oxidative stress in the liver of arthritic rats.
An effective algorithm for globally solving quadratic programs using parametric linearization technique
Authors: Tang Shuai , Chen Yuzhen , Guo Yunrui
Published: November 2018

In this paper, we present an effective algorithm for globally solving quadratic programs with quadratic constraints, which has wide application in engineering design, engineering optimization, route optimization, etc. By utilizing new parametric linearization technique, we can derive the parametric linear programming relaxation problem of the quadratic programs with quadratic constraints. To improve the computational speed of the proposed algorithm, some interval reduction operations are used to compress the investigated interval. By subsequently partitioning the initial box and solving a sequence of parametric linear programming relaxation problems the proposed algorithm is convergent to the global optimal solution of the initial problem. Finally, compared with some known algorithms, numerical experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has higher computational efficiency.
Posttraumatic stress and autobiographical memory in chronic pain patients
Authors: Siqveland Johan , Hauff Edvard , Ruud Torleif , Brennen Timothy J.
Published: November 2018

Background and aims

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is related to more severe pain among chronic pain patients. PTSD is also related to dysfunctions or biases in several cognitive processes, including autobiographical memory. The autobiographical memories are our memories of specific personal events taking place over a limited amount of time on a specific occasion. We investigated how two biases in autobiographical memory, overgeneral memory style and negative emotional bias were related to pain, PTSD and trauma exposure in chronic pain patients.

Methods

Forty-three patients with diverse chronic pain conditions were recruited from a specialist pain clinic. The patients were evaluated for psychiatric diagnosis, with a diagnostic interview Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I) and for exposure to the most common types of traumatic events with the Life Event Checklist (LEC). The patients were tested with the 15-cue-words version of the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT). In this test the participants are presented verbally to five positive, five neutral and five negative cue words and asked to respond with a personal, episodic memory associated with the cue word. The participant’s responses were coded according to level of specificity and emotional valence. Pain intensity was assessed on a Visual Analogy Scale (VAS) and extent of pain by marking affected body parts on a pre-drawn body figure. Comparisons on autobiographical memory were made between PTSD and non-PTSD groups, and correlations were computed between pain intensity and extent of pain, trauma exposure and autobiographical memory.

Results

PTSD and extent of pain were significantly related to more negatively emotionally valenced memory responses to positive and negative cue words. There were no significant difference in response to neutral cue words. PTSD status and pain intensity were unrelated to overgeneral autobiographical memory style.

Conclusions

A memory bias towards negatively emotionally valenced memories is associated with PTSD and extent of pain. This bias may sustain negative mood and thereby intensify pain perception, or pain may also cause this memory bias. Contrary to our expectations, pain, trauma exposure and PTSD were not significantly related to an overgeneral memory style.

Implications

Cognitive therapies that have an ingredient focusing on amending memory biases in persons with comorbid pain and PTSD might be helpful for this patient population. Further investigations of negative personal memories and techniques to improve the control over these memories could potentially be useful for chronic pain treatment.
Orthorhombic sulfur from Cap Garonne, Mine du Pradet
Authors: Kösters Jutta , Galéa-Clolus Valérie , Clolus Pierre , Heying Birgit , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: November 2018

Natural orthorhombic sulfur (α-S8), grown on galena crystals from Cap Garonne, Mine du Pradet, France, were studied by single crystal X-ray diffraction at 150 K: Fddd, a=1036.75(5), b=1273.54(7), c=2437.85(13) pm, wR=0.0380, 1433 F
2 values (all data) and 37 variables. Refinements of the occupancy parameters along with EDX data indicate pure sulfur.
Molecular Interaction of Hemorrheologic Agent, Pentoxifylline with Bovine Serum Albumin: An Approach to Investigate the Drug Protein Interaction Using multispectroscopic, Voltammetry and Molecular Modelling Techniques
Authors: Mallappa Mahanthappa , Savanur Mohammed Azharuddin , Gowda Babu Giriya , Vishwanth R.S. , Puthusseri Bijesh
Published: November 2018

The interaction between pentoxifylline (PTX) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied under physiological condition by spectroscopic, voltammetry and molecular modelling techniques. The results of fluorescence studies revealed that the quenching mechanism of BSA by PTX was a static procedure. Binding constant of PTX-BSA was calculated and its value found to be 8.895 × 104M−1, which is in close agreement with the results obtained from UV-Visible and voltammetry approach. The negative values of thermodynamic parameters (ΔG, ΔH and ΔS) indicated that van der Waals force and hydrogen bonding play major roles in the interaction of PTX with BSA. Based on Forster’s theory of non-radiation energy transfer, the binding distance (r) between the donor (BSA) and acceptor (PTX) was found to be 5.38 nm (298 K). The results of UV-Visible and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy showed that PTX interacts with BSA and induces conformational changes by reducing theα-helix content. The results of the UV-visible and voltammetry studies were further verified by the molecular docking method. Molecular modelling studies revealed possible residues involved in the drug-protein interaction and indicated that PTX binds to Site IIA of BSA.
Hermann Suchier (1848–1914) und Gaston Paris (1839–1903): «Monsieur» oder «Mon cher ami»?
Authors: Hausmann Frank-Rutger
Published: November 2018

Hermann Suchier, since the year 1876 Professor of Romance Philology at the University of Halle, was one of the most prominent scholars of his generation. Since he preserved all his correspondence, we are able to study his various international written relationships with his French colleagues, including Gaston Paris and Paul Meyer. However, a temporary disagreement between Suchier with Paris and Meyer did arise. This conflict was due to Suchier supporting the work of Wendelin Foerster, whose edition of Aiol et Mirabel was severely criticized by Paris and Meyer. Subsequently, Suchier once again changed support back to Paris and Meyer and then was invited to publish in their house journal, Romania, and additionally to contribute two editions in ancient French to the Société des Anciens Textes Français which had also be founded by Paris and Meyer. In this way Suchier became one of the most important intermediaries between German and French Philology in the years following the Franco-German war and the outbreak of World War I.
Evaluation of the effect of IL-36γ expression on chronic periodontitis by enhancing the MAPK and TLR4 signaling pathways: A basic research
Authors: Babaloo Amir Reza , Shirmohammadi Adileh , Sandoghchian shotorbani Siamak , Kamalzadeh Ashkan , Ghasemi Shima
Published: November 2018

Background. Periodontitis is an infectious and inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the tooth caused by specific microorganisms or a group of microorganisms and, if not treated, leads to progressive degradation of the supporting tissues and subsequent loss of the teeth affected. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of IL-36γ on periodontitis by enhancing the TLR4 and MAPK signaling pathways. Methods. In this pilot study, 50 patients with generalized moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis and 50 individuals with healthy periodontium, who were candidates for crown lengthening (CL), were selected based on inclusion criteria. The tissue samples were taken during pocket depth surgery (for the test group) and CL surgery (for the control group). The macrophage cells of the inflammatory tissues were extracted and stimulated by TLR4 proteins in a time-dependent manner; then IL-36γ levels in macrophages were investigated. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (means ± standard deviations and frequency percentages). Repeat measurement test was used to compare IL36γ expression in MAPK and TLR4 pathways at different time intervals. ANCOVA was used to compare IL36γ expression at different time intervals between the two pathways. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17 at a significance level of P<0.05. Results. The results of the current study showed a significant relation between TLR4 and IL-36γ (P<0.001); in tissues with generalized moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis, there was a significant relation between the condition and IL-36γ (P<0.0001). This study also showed that TLR4 and MAPK levels increased in the presence of IL-36γ. Conclusion. According to the present study, it was concluded that IL-36γ concentrations increased in periodontitis, which could trigger MAPK and TLR4 pathways.
Effect of periodontal therapy on maxillary sinus mucous membrane thickening in chronic periodontitis: A split-mouth study
Authors: N. Lathiya Vrushali , P. Kolte Abhay , A. Kolte Rajashri , R. Mody Dhawal
Published: November 2018

Background. This study evaluated the effect of periodontal therapy on mucous membrane thickening in maxillary sinus in chronic periodontitis patients using radiovisiography (RVG) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods. The study population included 30 patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis, exhibiting bilateral mucosal thickening of maxillary sinus. The selected sites were randomly assigned to group I (control group - not receiving periodontal therapy) and group II (test group - receiving periodontal therapy). The clinical parameters and mucosal thickening of the maxillary sinus were evaluated at baseline and after 9 months. Results. There was a significant decrease in the PPD, CAL as well as mucosal thickening in group II while, group I showed an increase in these parameters. In group II at the end of 9 months the mean mucosal thickening reduction as assessed by CBCT was 0.76±0.18, 0.73±0.24, 0.88±0.42 and 1.13±0.43 mm at the most anterior point (AP), the most posterior point (PP), the mid-point (MP), point of maximum thickness (MT) as well as in the length of the thickened mucosal lining, respectively. Conclusion. The results of our study indicated a reduction in the mucosal thickening of the maxillary sinus after surgical periodontal therapy. The trial was registered with the Clinical Trial Registry of India (Trial REF/ 2016/02/010805).
Effect of different periodontal ligament simulating materials on the incidence of dentinal cracks during root canal preparation
Authors: Rathi Ajita , Chowdhry Prateeksha , Kaushik Mamta , Reddy Pallavi , Roshni Roshni , Mehra Neha
Published: November 2018

Background. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the incidence of dentinal cracks during root canal preparation with different periodontal ligament simulating materials in vitro. Methods. Seventy freshly extracted human mandibular first premolars were selected and divided into 7 groups in terms of simulating material: group 1: polyether impression material; group 2: polyvinyl acetate adhesive; group 3: polyvinyl siloxane impression material; group 4: cyanoacrylate adhesive; group 5: epoxy resin adhesive; group 6: positive control, without any periodontal ligament simulation; and group 7: negative control, where neither a periodontal ligament simulating material was used nor canal preparation was carried out. Root canal preparation was carried out in all the groups followed by sectioning of roots at 3 mm, 6 mm and 9 mm. The sections were evaluated under a stereomicroscope at ×2.5 for the presence or absence of cracks. Chi-squared test was used to compare the appearance of defective roots between the different experimental groups. Results. The least number of cracks were found in the negative control group, followed by group 1 where polyether impression material was used for periodontal ligament simulation. The difference was significant with a P-value of 0.002 for coronal sections. Conclusion. Under the limitation of the present study, polyether and polyvinyl siloxane (light body) can both be used for simulation of periodontal ligament.
An Epicurean “Measure of Wealth” in Horace, Satires 1.1
Authors: Yona Sergio
Published: November 2018

The following study draws evidence from the fragmentary treatises of Philodemus of Gadara in order to explore the moral content of Satires 1.1 with respect to wealth administration. I provide a reading of this poem that underscores Horace's effective synthesis of Greek thought and Roman culture, which is made possible by the influence of contemporary philosophical treatments that were tailored to fit the concerns of wealthy Romans. Furthermore, I offer an alternative to the many references previous scholars have made to Aristotle and the Cynics by elucidating Horace's economic message, which, being totally consistent with the details of Philodemus' economic concerns, is in many ways more Epicurean than anything else.
A Respectable Militancy
Authors: Neumann David J.
Published: November 2018

Reverend J. Raymond Henderson personified the tensions within the Los Angeles black community’s struggle for equality during his 1941–1963 tenure as pastor of the Second Baptist Church. While Rev. Henderson advocated the patient cultivation of respectability as a means of winning white acceptance, he also adopted a militant stance toward civil rights as a leader of the local NAACP, associate of more outspoken leaders, and the voice of an internationalist outlook, but a form of militancy that seemed increasingly inadequate by the early '60s.
Giant Left Atrial Appendage Aneurysm: Surgical Treatment to Prevent Potential Complications
Authors: Teng Peng , Ni Yiming , Sun Qianhui , Zhao Haige
Published: November 2018

Left atrial appendage aneurysm (LAAA) is a rare anomaly, which predisposes to hazardous cardiovascular events. We present a rare case of a 26-year-old female with a giant left atrial appendage aneurysm. The left atrial appendage was incidentally detected during her pregnancy. Six months later after her parturition, the patient was referred to our department and successfully received surgical treatment prophylactically to prevent potential complications. To the best of our knowledge, only about 100 cases of LAAA have been reported.