bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Pendayagunaan Zakat Produktif Dan Pelatihan Usaha Terhadap Pendapatan Mustahik
Authors: Nuriana Mutia Azizah
Published: December 2022

The distribution of productive zakat actually has the concept of planning and careful implementation such as studying the causes of poverty, the lack of working capital, and lack of employment, with the existence of the problem it is necessary for the planning that can develop productive zakat. The Zakat Community Development (ZDC) program can help the development activities of zakat recipient community or mustahiq, in the aspect of life so as to realize a society that has empowerment in education, economy and religious life.Research is a field research with a quantitative approach. This research was conducted at BAZNAS mustahik. Sampling technique with 70 respondent. Retrieval of data using a questionnaire method. Test data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression and then analyzed using SPSS version 20.Ttest results obtained as follows, Distribution of zakat of 4,004 and Mustahiq Training obtained 3,310 means that of the two variables individually have a significant influence on Mustahiq Business Revenues on BAZNAS.
Leasing dalam Perspektif Fatwa Dewan Pengawas Syariah Majelis Ulama Indonesia
Authors: Husen Fathurrohman
Published: December 2022

Perusahaan leasing popular di Indonesia sebagai perusahaan sewa guna usaha. Kegiatan usahanya bergerak di bidang pembiayaan untuk keperluan barang-barang modal yang diinginkan oleh lease. Perusahaan leasing akan memberikan fasilitas persewaan barang atau pembelian barang leasing secara kredit kepada lease sesuai dengan perjanjian yang diseapkati. Konsep Islam mengenal istilah akad ijarah dalam kajian muamalat, yaitu jenis akad untuk mengambil manfaat dengan kompensasi. Pokok persoalannya, bagaimana kesesuaian leasing dalam perspektif hukum Islam. Penulis mengkaji persoalan tersebut dengan metode library reaserch dengan pendekatan yuridis (fatwa DSN-MUI). Analisa yang digunakan  adalah diskriptif-analitik.

Kesimpulanya, Menurut jenisnya, leasing yang tergolong dalam operating lease tidak ada pertentangan dengan prinsip ijarah. Namun dalam finance lease terdapat unsur gharar yang terjadi. Yaitu, ketidak jelasan akad (hak opsi) di akhir pembayaran rente, yang termasuk ke dalam gharar dan dilarang oleh syariat Islam. Bagi yang beranggapan finance lease itu haram karena tergolong shafqatain fi al shafqah, maka Solusi untuk menghilangkan gharar dalam finance lease dilakukan dengan akad IMBT (Ijarah Muntahiya Bi Tamlik). Yaitu, hak opsinya diganti dengan wa’d diawal kontrak. Wa’d tersebut adalah janji lessor kepada lesse untuk menghibbahkan atau menjualnya, dengan catatan harga sewa atau harga jualnya sudah disepakati di awal kontrak.
نقد جامعه‌شناختی شعرِ سخا
Authors:   Academic Cadre of Ghalib University (Herat), Rahmani Ghulam Rasool
Published: December 2022

ادبیات، هویتِ خویش را ‌از زبان و جامعه می‌گیرد. این فرزندِ اجتماع، می‌تواند نقشِ مهم و اثرگذاری را در بهبود دشواری‌ها و مسائل محیط خود داشته باشد. از این میان شعر، شاید بیش‌تر از همه در جامعة ما نقش ایفا نماید. پرداختن به نقشِ شعر در زمان‌های مختلف در اجتماع، می‌تواند گفت‌و‌گوهای سازنده‌یی را به ارمغان آورد. در جامعۀ ما، شاعرانِ بسیاری زیست می‌کنند و ای‌بسا، متعهدانه در برابر جامعة خویش دست به سرایش می‌زنند؛ از این میان، سخا را می‌توان به‌عنوان نسلِ متعهدِ شعر امروزِ افغانستان و هرات به‌حساب آورد؛ بدین‌منظور، این پژوهش کتاب‌خانه‌یی با هدفِ نقدِ جامعه‌شناختیِ شعر سخا، با‌توجه به مجموعه‌شعریِ چهار فصل زشتِ تقویم، شکل گرفته‌است. روش تحقیق، تحلیلی – انتقادی است که از مباحث نظریِ نقدِ جامعه‌شناختی، ‌و به‌خصوص از دیدگاهِ جورج لوکاچ، که آثار ادبی را جهانِ صغیر در عالم کبیر می‌دانست، سود جُسته شده است. پرسشی‌که در این پژوهش به دنبالِ پاسخ‌یابی به آن بوده‌ایم، این بوده‌است که: شعر سخا را می‌توان شعرِ متعهدِ اجتماعی نام نهاد و اگر پاسخ مثبت است، به چه مفاهیمی باتوجه به مجموعه‌شعری چهار فصل زشت تقویم، پرداخته شده است؟ یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهند که: مجموعه‌شعری چهار فصل زشتِ تقویم، جامعة خویش را به‌خوبی به نمایش می‌گذارد. به‌صورت کلی، شعرهای این مجموعه را نیمی شعرهای اجتماعی و نیمی را شعرهای پُراحساس / عاشقانه تشکیل می‌دهد. موضوعاتی چون‌: جنگ، حاکمیتِ ناشایست، فاصله‌گیری ملت از دولت، پراکنده‌گی ملت و وارونه‌گی مِعیارها، دزدی و ناامیدی، از مسائلِ کلانی‌است که در این مجموعه، گاهی به شکل انتقادی و زمانی هم‌چون شعر مقاومت، هستی یافته‌اند.
جنایات جنگی در آموزه‌های اسلامی
Authors:   Academic Cadre of Ghalib University - Kabul And PhD Student in Criminal Law and Criminology at Al Mustafa International University, Iran, Nael Khaja Merajuddin
Published: December 2022

جنایات جنگی، یکی از موضوعات مهم‌ در حقوق جزای اسلام بوده، که در فقه عقوبات اسلامی به عناوین مختلف مطرح شده است. این مطلب در آموزه‌های اسلامی به تعبیرهای متفاوت و گونه‌های مختلف مصادیق آن بیان گردیده است؛ اما با این هم دیده می‌شود که گروه‌های جنگی منسوب به اسلام و کشورهای اسلامی، بیش‌تر به‌عنوانِ ناقضان حقوق بشری و مرتکبان جرایم جنگی محسوب می‌شوند؛ از‌این‌رو، محققان غربی می‌گویند که در اسلام قواعد جنگی وجود ندارد، یا اگر مواردی وجود داشته، پاسخ‌گو نیست؛ بناءً نوشتار حاضر در صدد این بوده است‌ که این موضوع را در آیینۀ آموزه‌های اسلامی مورد بحث قرار دهد، تا باشد که در قسمت آگاهی‌دهی حقوقی راجع به جنایات جنگی از منظر اسلام برای طرفین درگیر جنگ، کمکی صورت گرفته باشد. در این پژوهش نوع تحقیق، توصیفی - تحلیلی بوده و جمع‌آوری اطلاعات به شکل کتاب‌خانه‌‌یی صورت گرفته است.‌ یافته‌های مهم تحقیق این‌ها هستند که: جنایات جنگی‌یی که امروز حقوق جزای بین‌المللی به آن توجه نموده، 14 صد‌سال قبل، دین اسلام به آن پرداخته و مصادیق و مجازات آن را به اشکال مختلف بیان کرده است؛ رویه‌های موجود کشورهای اسلامی در ارتباط با حقوق غیرنظامیان و رفتار مرتکبان جنایات جنگی، با ذات و هدف اسلام سازگار نبوده است. اسلام چه در قرآن و چه در سیرۀ پیام‌بر صلی‌الله علیه و سلم و پیروان راستین‌اش، هم‌واره حقوق غیرنظامیان در جنگ، به رسمیت شناخته است و به رعایت اصل تفکیک، تأکید کرده است. عدم رعایت حقوق غیرنظامیان در جنگ، از جانب کشورهای اسلامی، نه ناشی از ضعف یا نبود قواعد و حقوق جنگ در اسلام، بل‌که ناشی از ضعف ساختارهای سیاسی جهان اسلام است، تا جایی که در بسا کشورهای اسلامی این چالش به‌صورت جدی وجود دارد و تا اکنون نتوانسته‌اند به‌خوبی این ضعف را برطرف سازند.
تسامح در عبادات از دیدگاه سنت نبوی
Authors:   استاد دانش‌کدۀ مطالعات قرآن و سنت، دانش‌گاه علوم اسلامی مالزیا نشرشده در کتاب‌نامۀ سومین‌کنفرانس بین‌المللی «منهج فقه و قانون در حل قضایای معاصر» دانش‌کدۀ فقه و قانون دانش‌گاه علوم اسلامی مالزیا USIM)), غوری دکتر سید عبدالماجد
Published: December 2022

اسلام دین آسان‏گیری و تسامح بوده، بر همین مبانی استوار است و نمی‏خواهد پیروان خود را در تنگنا و مشقّت قرار دهد. پیام‌بر صلی الله علیه وسلم در بسیاری از احادیث شریف، مسلمانان را به آسان‏‌گیری و عدم سخت‌گیری دستور داده و یادآور شده، که بر مبنای دین حنفیّتِ بخشنده و آسان‏‌گیر مبعوث گردیده است. به همین منظور آسانی و آسان‏‌گیری از مهم‏‌ترین و بارزترین ویژه‌گی‏‌های شریعت این دینِ حنیف محسوب می‎شود. این دین برای ایجاد فشار و به غل و زنجیر‌کشیدن مردم، یا تکلیف آن‏‌ها به اعمال و افعالی‌که در توان‏ شان نیست نیامده؛ بل‌که برای تحقق خوش‌بختیِ همۀ بشریت آمده است و این امر را با سُبُک‌انگاری، رفع حرج، زدودن تنگناها و دفع مشقت تحقق بخشیده است. آسان‎گیری در بسیاری از عبادات و فرایض این دین، مدنظر قرار داده شده تا مسلمانان حین ادای آن‎ها با حرج روبه‌رو نشوند، «زکات» از شمار این عبادات و رکنِ پنجم اسلام است، که این پژوهش برخی از مظاهر آسان‏‌گیریِ سنت نبوی در ادای این فریضه را در پرتو احادیث و آثاری که در زمینه وجود دارد، به بحث گرفته است.
Metodologi Tafsir Ulama Nusantara di Tanah Pasundan (Telaah Atas Kitab Tafsir Rawdhat Al-‘Irfân dan Malja’ At-Thâlibîn Karya KH. Ahmad Sanusi)
Authors: Kuswandi Dedi , Abu Maskur
Published: December 2022

This paper discusses the methodology used by K.H. Ahmad Sanusi (1888-1950) in his interpretation of Rawdhat al-'Irfân and Malja' at-Thâlibîn and his answer to the Islamic religious polemic in Priangan in the 1930s. The book of interpretations of Rawdhat al-'Irfân and Malja' at-Thâlibîn is an interpretation of the Qur'an in Sundanese with pegon script. Ahmad Sanusi gives a characteristic Sundanese style in his interpretation as well as his critical response to the ideological competition between modernist and traditional Islam. His position has never been separated from the ranks of the Sunni Islamic tradition which tends to be more flexible in understanding the local traditions of the archipelago. This paper uses the method of analytical description of two books of interpretation by scholars of the archipelago so that it is hoped that this writing can give fresh air and introduce interpretations in Sundanese Tatar with Pegon script. It is concluded that the methodology of the two books of commentary Rawdhat al-'Irfân and Malja' at-Thâlibîn has differences, including (1) Tafsir Rawdhat al-'Irfân uses bi ra'yi interpretation which is based on the ijtihad mufassirnya and makes reason as the main way in interpreting the Qur'an while Tafsir Malja' at-Thâlibîn uses the interpretation of bi matsur (tafsir History) although in some places it does not prevent Sanusi from connecting his interpretation with the socio-religious background of his time; (2) in terms of method, the book of Tafsir Rawdhat al-'Irfân uses the ijmali method which tends to be presented globally, while the interpretation of Malja' at-Thâlibîn uses the tahlili method; (3) in terms of style, the interpretation of Rawdhat al-'Irfân places more emphasis on fiqh, while the interpretation of Malja' at-Thâlibîn tends to be more inclined to the teachings of the Sunnah Wal Jama'ah scholars, both in terms of Fiqh, theology and Sufism.
Menggagas Ontologi Ilmu Keislaman
Authors: Komaru Zaman
Published: December 2022

Ontology as a science or theory about the existence of existing nature.The object of science or science is an empirical world, namely the world that can be reached by the five senses and the object of science is a sensory experience, learning about the nature of something tangible based on logic alone.From this theory of fact (ontology) then gave rise to several traditions in philosophy, among others: Philosophy of Materialism, Philosophy of Idealism, Philosophy of Dualism, Philosophy of Skepticism and Philosophy of Agnoticism.Adaya ontology that if associated with Islamic science of course this theory seeks to create a new formulation that can provide answers to some problems in accordance with the context.
Isti’arah Tamthiliyah Dalam Tafsir Kitab Ruh Al-Bayan Karya Isma’il Haqqi
Authors: Fitria Ulva
Published: December 2022

This research is a research library research, with a historical-factual approach related to the thoughts of the characters. Researchers used descriptive, holistic, and interpretation methods. So that the researcher examines the book of ruh al-bayn which specifically discusses isti'arah tamthiliyah, books and books that discuss isti'arah and articles that support this discussion.Based on the results of research conducted by the author, the views of commentators on literature, especially about isti'arah tamthiliyah have good attention, even though the book of ruh al-bayn has a deep Sufistic style, this is motivated by mufassir thought who is also an expert in several scientific fields, especially balaghah which makes the book ruh al-bayn have a fairly complete interpretation, and avoids liberal and undirected thinking so that people know the meaning of the Qur'an and not fixated on the original meaning of lafaz which causes a contradiction to the meaning contained in the Qur'an.
Analysis of how Strategic Planning Influences Crisis Management Styles in Manufacturing Firms in Ghana.
Authors: Osei James Adekorafo , Yooku Emmanuel
Published: December 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze how strategic planning influences crisis management styles in manufacturing firms in Ghana.

Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research design. Relevant books references and journal articles for the study were identified using Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria entailed materials that were related to strategic planning and crisis management.

Findings: The result of the findings revealed that strategic planning enhances management of crisis. Also, any crisis management style applied at a given catastrophe will determine if the destruction will be minor or major disaster. Lastly, organization that employs strategic approach to crisis management style will be pro-active in managing crisis.

Conclusion: It is clear from literature that organizations that aim to handle crisis well be pre-planned to adapt to changing circumstances, have leaders able to inspire their people with a sense of hope and direction, have an organizational culture that values disciplined planning whilst fostering an ability to be creative and innovate, plan and make decisions carefully in a structured way, yet be responsive and able to move quickly and boldly, and have teams able to recognize patterns and integrate disparate information in order to make sense of a chaotic situation, while being sensitive and alert to subtle changes to the environment as the situation evolves.

Recommendation: Organizations should incorporate strategic approach to crisis management and also put in place strategic/crisis management team that will be able to manage crisis within the shortest period of time. Also, employees should be trained on the positive and negative effect of crisis. Finally, employees should also be sensitized on how to adapt to changing circumstances that might occur before, during and after crisis.
Can Adoption of Disruptive Technologies Improve Performance of Insurance Firms in Developing Countries?
Authors: Bhatt Prerna Vishwakarma , Khan Shah Singh
Published: December 2022

Purpose: This study aimed at assessing whether adoption of disruptive technologies can improve performance of insurance firms in developing countries.

Methods: The study adopted a desktop research design. Relevant books references and journal articles for the study were identified using Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria entailed materials that were related to technology and the performance of insurance firms.

Findings: The study found that various aspects of disruptive technologies have a significant impact on performance of insurance firms in developing countries. The findings also revealed that mobile phone technology has contributed to increased customer base and real-time customer service delivery. The study also established that disruptive technologies can enable real-time business evaluation through big data analytics thus boosting overall performance and profitability of insurance firms.

Conclusion: There exist numerous disruptive technologies such as big data analytics, artificial intelligence systems, cloud computing, digital currency technologies, etc that can be adopted to boost performance of insurance firms in developing countries. Adoption of disruptive technologies can increase operational efficiency, increase customer base and increase competitive advantage.

Recommendations: Insurance firms in developing countries should adopt disruptive technologies to improve on both financial and non-financial performance. The study recommend insurance firms in developing countries should redefine their operations to pave way for adoption of disruptive technologies. Also, developing countries should mandate their respective insurance regulatory bodies to create a favorable environment for the adoption of disruptive technologies.
Características morfofisiolóficas de espécies lenhosas rustificadas sob restrição hídrica
Authors: Braz Hannah , Ristau Ana Carolina Pinguelli , Vera Cruz Maria Soraia Fortado , Vitto Deise Cadorin , Malavasi Ubirajara Contro , Malavasi Marlene de Matos
Published: December 2022

A aplicação de metil jasmonato e estímulos mecânicos parecem modular aspectos morfológicos que asseguram a sobrevivência de mudas de espécies lenhosas sob condições ambientais adversas. O estudo objetivou avaliar características morfofisiológicas de espécies lenhosas rustificadas com metil jasmonato e flexões caulinares sob restrição hídrica. Mudas de Nectandra grandiflora e Inga sessilis foram submetidas à rustificação com 50 μmol.L-1 de metil jasmonato, 20 flexões diárias e o tratamento controle, durante oito semanas. Em seguida, foram transplantadas em vasos contendo areia e submetidas à restrição hídrica durante um mês, sendo avaliadas quinzenalmente atributos, como incremento em altura de planta (IH) e diâmetro do coleto (IDC), área foliar (AF), massa seca do caule (MSC), raiz (MSR) e folhas (MSF), potencial de regeneração de raízes (PRR) e perda de eletrólitos de raíz (PER). O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente ao acaso, com três tratamentos e sete repetições de três mudas cada. Em N. grandiflora, as flexões caulinares externaram menor emissão de raízes, e quando submetidas à restrição hídrica, reduziram-se AF, MSF e IH, até o final do período avaliado. Para I. sessilis, no tempo 0 e ao 15º dia, as flexões caulinares externaram menor MSF em relação ao metil jasmonato, no entanto, ambos não diferiram do controle. Ao 15º dia, a menor AF foi observada nas mudas tratadas com flexões caulinares, bem como a menor PER. Ao 30º dia, ambos tratamentos rustificativos demonstram menor AF e MSF, e o metil jasmonato externou menor MSC e MSR em relação ao tratamento controle. Assim, o método mecânico não é recomendado para rustificação de mudas de Nectandra grandiflora, e ambos os métodos, químico – com metil jasmonato – e o mecânico – mediante flexões caulinares – não apresentaram resultados satisfatórios que justifiquem a sua utilização para rustificação de mudas de Inga sessilis.
Estoque de nutrientes e decomposição da serapilheira em sistemas agroflorestais no município de Belterra – Pará
Authors: Rebêlo Ananda Gabrielle de Matos , Capucho Helinara Lais Vieira , Pauletto Daniela , Dantas Edilandia Farias
Published: December 2022

O estudo sobre a ciclagem de nutrientes da serapilheira em sistemas agroflorestais permite avaliar possíveis alterações de técnicas de manejo e possibilita inferir a sustentabilidade desses plantios. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a taxa de decomposição e liberação de nutrientes em diferentes sistemas agroflorestais no município de Belterra, Pará. A coleta da serapilheira produzida foi realizada mensalmente durante um ano, no intervalo de setembro de 2015 a agosto de 2016, a partir de seis coletores dispostos aleatoriamente em cada área. Para determinação do estoque de serapilheira, foram feitas três coletas, compreendendo o início do período seco (agosto de 2015), início do período chuvoso (janeiro de 2016) e no final do período chuvoso (junho de 2016), através de seis amostragens por área. Em laboratório, o material foi triado nas frações folha, material lenhoso, estrutura reprodutiva e material fragmentado, e posteriormente seco em estufa a 70ºC. A decomposição e a liberação de macronutrientes foram avaliadas considerando o peso da massa seca através das equações de Olson (1963). Em média as maiores taxas de liberação dos macronutrientes N, P e K ocorreram no SAF 3, que possui em seu arranjo a espécie Moringa oleifera Lam, assim como a maior taxa de decomposição (K) e o menor período de renovação (1/k). O maior estoque de macronutrientes foi verificado no SAF 2, assim como a menor taxa de decomposição, devido ao maior acúmulo de fração foliar, arranjo adensado e a presença de uma espécie caducifólia (Spondias mombin L.) como componente do sistema.
Ecological restoration in pasture areas with direct seeding
Authors: Leão Bruna Mara , Braga Michele Antunes , Pereira Israel Marinho , Santos Gleica Candido
Published: December 2022

The use of direct seeding in projects for the recovery of degraded areas has stood out in some regions of the country because of its effectiveness, lower operating costs, and ease of implementation. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the potential of direct seeding the haul in ecological restoration of a deactivated pasture dominated by Urochloa brizantha, here characterized by an invasive weed plant. The experiment consisted of eight treatments resulting from different combinations of seeds (tree and herbaceous cover crops), the use of treatments to break the dormancy of tree species seeds (with and without), and the use of different types of substrates (clay and sawdust). The tested treatments did not affect seedling emergence, survival, or initial growth. The most established species in the study area were Piptadenia gonoacantha, Mabea fistulifera, Dalbergia nigra, and Senegalia polyphylla, which could potentially compose the list of species to be used in forest restoration projects through the use of direct sowing techniques. Plant survival at the end of the evaluation period every three months until the 14 months of experiment implementation corresponded to a density equivalent to 4300 plants per hectare, this result compared to other techniques, shows muvuca as a seeding technique viable direct for the area under study. However, further studies using higher seed densities of cover species are necessary to control the invasive grass Urochloa brizantha effectively.
Madeiras da Caatinga para produção de Pequenos Objetos de Madeira (POM)
Authors: Seabra Camila Costa de , Angelo Humberto , Goulart Gislayne da Silva , Afonso Sandra , Sternadt Gerson Henrique , Almeida Alexandre Nascimento de
Published: December 2022

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar os atributos-destaque de madeiras do bioma da Caatinga na percepção de produtores do segmento de mercado de Pequenos Objetos de Madeira (POM) como premissa para estudos mercadológicos a partir de análise exploratória e mista – quali-quantitativa – com uso de entrevistas semiestruturadas e análises com Software IRAMUTEQ. Para atingir o objetivo supracitado, trabalhou-se com amostras lenhosas do tronco de nove espécie de madeiras provenientes da Caatinga, região centro-oeste do Piauí, a saber: Pityrocarpa cf. moniliformis, Aspidosperma cf. Multiflorum, Handroanthus cf. impetiginosus , Terminalia fagifolia Mart., Pterodon cf. abruptus, Diptychandra aurantiaca Tul., Combretum glaucocarpum Mart., Swartzia psilomena Harms. e Machaerium cf. Acutifolium. Observou-se que as 9 espécies apresentadas possuem peculiaridades em relação ao cerne da madeira, sendo a característica “cor” o atributo-destaque, sendo uma informação importante para o mercado. A partir das análises gerais e individuais dessas espécies, pôde-se agrupá-las segundo suas peculiaridades subjetivas. Verifica-se que uma participação mais efetiva de espécies pouco conhecidas e a geração do aumento da demanda a partir de uma maior aceitação no mercado pode viabilizar a oferta em associação ou substituição às madeiras tradicionais. Cabe ressaltar que embora a utilização do IRAMUTEQ na área científica florestal seja incipiente, mostrou-se coerente para o uso em pesquisas qualitativas e valorização de espécies de madeira. Conclui-se que a utilização das espécies de madeiras da Caatinga em questão para objetos de maior valor agregado é uma alternativa para o mercado além do binômio lenha e carvão.
Crescimento e qualidade de mudas de três espécies de Copernicia sob diferentes condições de sombreamento
Authors: Viana Erivanda de Oliveira , Bezerra Antonio Marcos Esmeraldo , Pereira Diego de Sousa , Lacerda Claudivan Feitosa de , Medeiros Filho Sebastião
Published: December 2022

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar o crescimento inicial em diferentes condições de sombreamento das espécies Copernicia alba, Copernicia hospita e Copernicia macroglossa. Inicialmente, as sementes foram embebidas em água para uma pré-germinação, em seguida foram semeadas em tubetes (288 ml) preenchidos com substrato (arisco + composto orgânico + vermiculita) na proporção de 2:1:1 e mantidas a pleno sol, 30%, 50% e 70% de sombreamento. Adotou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 5 repetições (4 plantas/repetição) e cinco períodos de avaliação 45, 90, 135, 180 e 225 dias após a semeadura, com fatores dispostos em arranjo de parcelas subdivididas no tempo (4 níveis de sombreamento x 5 épocas de avaliação).  A cada época de avaliação, foram mensuradas as seguintes variáveis respostas: número de folhas, altura, diâmetro do coleto, área foliar, massa seca das partes aéreas e das raízes e índice de qualidade de Dickson.  As mudas de Copernicia cultivadas em pleno sol e 30% de sombreamento expressam efeitos positivos no crescimento inicial com boa qualidade. Os melhores resultados de área foliar das espécies foram encontrados no ambiente com 30% de sombreamento. Diante desses resultados, os dados obtidos são importantes e indispensáveis ao estabelecimento de produção de mudas de qualidade de Copernicia.
Análise da morfométrica de agregados do solo em áreas mineradas em diferentes estágios de recuperação na Amazônia
Authors: Carvalho Marcela Merides , Fengler Felipe Hashimoto , Peche Filho Afonso , Longo Regina Marcia , Ribeiro Admilson Irio
Published: December 2022

A mineração exerce forte influência sobre a economia brasileira, no entanto, a atividade extrativista resulta em múltiplos danos ao ecossistema, pois a vegetação e a camada superficial do solo são removidas, alterando as características pedológicas naturais. Portanto, programas de recuperação de áreas degradadas tornam-se essenciais para mitigar ou compensar os impactos negativos ao meio ambiente. Dessa forma, o entendimento dos indicadores de qualidade do solo tem sido trabalhado para avaliar o processo de recuperação de áreas degradadas. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver e testar uma nova abordagem para qualificar a agregação do solo em recuperação e ecossistemas de referências na Amazônia brasileira (RO). Para isso, determinou-se o diâmetro médio geométrico (DMG), e os parâmetros morfométricos: área, circularidade, arredondamento e diâmetro de Feret dos agregados do solo. Os parâmetros foram avaliados em cinco tamanhos de agregados diferentes, 6,0 mm, 4,0 mm, 2,0 mm, 1,0 mm e 0,71 µm, em seguida foi realizada análise de variância multivariada (MANOVA), comparando as variáveis morfométricas e tamanhos dos agregados de cada área de estudo. Os resultados obtidos mostram uma correlação positiva entre os valores da área, circularidade e diâmetro de Feret dos agregados do solo, indicando melhorias na estrutura do solo e na vegetação. Dessa forma, os parâmetros propostos demonstraram alta capacidade de descrever a qualidade do solo e diferenciar os níveis de recuperação, apresentando-se como um excelente indicador no monitoramento de áreas degradadas.
Cinzas de Pinus spp. e o mecanismo de desenvolvimento limpo: reduções certificadas de emissões e créditos de carbono
Authors: Winckler José Roberto , Carvalho Filho Marco Aurélio da Silva , Vasconcelos Eliane Carvalho de , Martines Matheus Perotti
Published: December 2022

A utilização das cinzas de Pinus spp. como adição mineral ou substituição parcial ao cimento Portland pode proporcionar a mitigação de emissões de CO2 e a obtenção de créditos de carbono, através do mecanismo de desenvolvimento limpo. Este trabalho pretendeu avaliar o potencial de redução de emissões de CO2, através de duas abordagens. A primeira abordagem utilizou a metodologia ACM 0005 UNFCCC, em um cenário para avaliar a viabilidade de implementação de um projeto do mecanismo de desenvolvimento limpo – MDL, com abrangência para o Estado do Paraná, utilizando as cinzas de Pinus spp. em substituição parcial ao clínquer, na produção do cimento Portland. A segunda abordagem analisou o potencial de redução de emissões de CO2, com abrangência para o território brasileiro, utilizando as cinzas de Pinus spp. em substituição parcial ao cimento Portland na mixagem de concretos, argamassa e pastas. Foram observadas elevações nas emissões de CO2, pelo aumento nas distâncias médias no transporte das cinzas, nas duas abordagens (128 km e 100 km, respectivamente). Mesmo assim, nos balanços gerais das emissões, foram observados potenciais de redução (10.800 t e 20.546 t de CO2, respectivamente). Os resultados obtidos permitiram inferir pela viabilidade da implementação de projetos de MDL e da obtenção de créditos de carbono através da redução certificada de emissões - RCEs.
Factors Affecting Design Stresses in Marine Propellers
Authors: Webb A. W. O. , Eames C. F. W. , Tuffrey A.
Published: December 2022

The paper is concerned with the development of a satisfactory basis for assessing design stresses. An attempt is made to trace the prime factors involved and details are given of corrosion fatigue tests at various mean stresses on propeller alloys in the form of heavy castings. A new philosophy of design stressing has been evolved taking these various factors into account.
Fatigue Failure in Marine Propeller Blades
Authors: Tokuda Shoichi , Okuyama Yoshikatsu , Inoue Hiroshi , Denoh Shinpei
Published: December 2022

Fatigue failure in marine propeller blades of Ni-Al-bronze was investigated. Calculations of alternating stress imposed on the propeller blades were carried out by unsteady lifting surface theory and the results were applied to the analysis of fatigue failure of blades. Fatigue tests in seawater were carried out by using unnotched and notched specimens taken from practical propellers and the fatigue life up to crack initiation was estimated with obtained fatigue curves and stress frequency-curve already known. Fatigue crack propagation tests were carried out in synthetic seawater with WOL type specimens taken from a propeller fractured in service, and crack propagation lives of two propeller blades were estimated with the help of fracture mechanics. It was clarified that estimated fatigue lives were approximately in good agreement with those of blade fractured in service.
On the Design and Use of Contra-Rotating Propellers in High-Speed Craft
Authors: Honkanen Max
Published: December 2022

This paper describes first a design method for contra-rotating propellers using the momentum theory to determine the mutually induced velocities. Approximate formulae for these velocities have been worked out allowing both the design and the performance analysis of contra-rotating propellers. This is achieved by separating the treatment of a set of propellers into two independent ones with corrections on the intake velocities and on the speed of rotation of the aft propeller.

A practical application of a contra-rotating propeller in a highspeed power boat is then discussed. It turned out that this propulsion device is economically beneficial if used together with a stern-drive unit. Smaller propeller, diameter, better cavitation characteristics, smaller vibration level and absence of a heeling moment also contribute to the benefits of a contrarotating propeller as a propulsion system for high-speed craft.
National Online Informative References (OLIR) Program:
Authors: Keller Nicole , Quinn Stephen , Scarfone Karen , Smith Matthew , Johnson Vincent
Published: December 2022

Information and communication technology (ICT) domains – such as cybersecurity, privacy, and Internet of Things (IoT) – have many requirements and recommendations made by national and international standards, guidelines, frameworks, and regulations. An Online Informative Reference (OLIR) provides a standardized expression of the relationships between concepts in such documents. OLIRs provide a consistent and authoritative way of specifying relationships that can be used by both humans and automation. The National OLIR Program is a NIST effort to encourage and facilitate subject matter experts in defining OLIRs and to provide a centralized location for displaying and comparing OLIRs. This report provides an overview of the National OLIR Program, explains the basics of OLIRs and the benefits they can provide, and shows how anyone can access and use OLIRs.
Characterization Of Dikes At Simpang Pulai Quarry, Perak
Authors:   School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Ahmad Tajuddin Muhammad ‘Izzat ‘Irfan , Teoh Ying Jia ,   School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Choong Chee Meng ,   South East Asia Carbonate Research Laboratory, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Perak, Malaysia, Sautter Benjamin ,   South East Asia Carbonate Research Laboratory, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Perak, Malaysia, Tsegab Haylay ,   South East Asia Carbonate Research Laboratory, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Perak, Malaysia, Roselee Muhammad Hatta ,   Geology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: December 2022

Due to dissolution, weathering and erosion, limestone and marble form karstic landscape with precipitous hills, rugged valleys, caves and sinkholes. In the event of an intrusion, the magma, which resides below the limestone bedrock will ascend toward the earth’s surface and fill up the fractures within the pre-existing rocks, forming dikes and sills. Dikes and veins can also be formed when minerals precipitate from hydrothermal fluids within a fracture. The objective of this study was to determine the texture and mineralogy of the dikes cutting the marble in the study area. The findings suggest that the mineral composition and physical structure of the dikes differ from the marble host rock based on its mineral, chemical and physical properties. Three samples were collected and analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and petrographic microscope. The results show that there are at least two types of dike, which are quartz and a coarse-grained granite dike at the study area. The presence of these dikes may affect the chemical and mechanical properties of aggregates produced from the quarry, and in turn affect the excavated rocks of its usage.
Reinforcement Learning-Based Routing Protocols in Vehicular and Flying Ad Hoc Networks – A Literature Survey
Authors: Bugarčić Pavle , Jevtić Nenad , Malnar Marija
Published: December 2022

Vehicular and flying ad hoc networks (VANETs and FANETs) are becoming increasingly important with the development of smart cities and intelligent transportation systems (ITSs). The high mobility of nodes in these networks leads to frequent link breaks, which complicates the discovery of optimal route from source to destination and degrades network performance. One way to overcome this problem is to use machine learning (ML) in the routing process, and the most promising among different ML types is reinforcement learning (RL). Although there are several surveys on RL-based routing protocols for VANETs and FANETs, an important issue of integrating RL with well-established modern technologies, such as software-defined networking (SDN) or blockchain, has not been adequately addressed, especially when used in complex ITSs. In this paper, we focus on performing a comprehensive categorisation of RL-based routing protocols for both network types, having in mind their simultaneous use and the inclusion with other technologies. A detailed comparative analysis of protocols is carried out based on different factors that influence the reward function in RL and the consequences they have on network performance. Also, the key advantages and limitations of RL-based routing are discussed in detail.
Examining the cooperation between extrachromosomal DNA circles
Authors: Zhang Jiahui , Zhang Cheng-Zhong
Published: December 2022

In a departure from previous findings, new results suggest that free-floating pieces of DNA which carry additional copies of cancer-driving genes do not tend to cluster or have increased transcription.
Efeitos da transparência fiscal sobre a eficácia e eficiência do gasto público e consumo do governo com saúde pública: uma abordagem bibliométrica
Authors: Michelena Gabriel Boeira , Nicolay Rodolfo Tomás da Fonseca , Nicolay Ana Jordânia de Oliveira , Freitag Alberto Eduardo Besser , Dos Santos Daiane Rodrigues
Published: December 2022

A transparência fiscal influencia, reconhecidamente, a qualidade da gestão dos recursos públicos, em se tratando de uma alocação mais eficiente e eficaz destes recursos escassos. Tendo em vista a relevância desse assunto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi produzir um estudo bibliométrico, em nível mundial, da literatura associada à influência causada pela transparência fiscal na eficiência e eficácia dos gastos públicos com saúde e também empreender uma breve revisão da literatura abordando os principais conceitos acerca do tema. A análise bibliométrica foi realizada a partir de dados coletados nas bases Scielo, Portal de Periódicos Capes (buscar assunto), Scopus e Web of Science. Avaliou-se publicações dos últimos 20 anos, identificando 131 autores e 52 periódicos científicos. Os resultados evidenciam que os efeitos da transparência fiscal sobre a eficiência e eficácia dos gastos públicos são objeto de estudo científico em várias esferas sociais, como educação, desenvolvimento humano e segurança pública, entre outras, porém, existe espaço para um aprofundamento especificamente no setor da saúde. Por outro lado, o tema saúde é o mais abordado entre autores e periódicos com pelo menos dois artigos publicados.
Intramedullary Nail Supplemented with Poller Screws for Proximal and Distal 1/3rd Shaft Tibial Fracture: A Prospective Interventional Study from North India
Authors: Sahni Girish , Bansal Harish , Garg Ashish , Singh Akashdeep , Kavia Ashish , Aggarwal Hari Om
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The shaft of the tibia is the most common long bone fracture. The treatment goal for shaft tibial fracture is to achieve union with correction of both axial and rotational alignment and, maintain initial fracture length. Higher malunion rates are seen in fractures of the proximal and distal 1/3rd of the shaft of the tibia. However, Intramedullary (IM) nailing is the preferred choice of operative management of diaphyseal fractures of the lower limb. Aim: To evaluate the functional and radiological outcomes of IM nail supplemented with poller screws for proximal and distal 1/3rd shaft tibial fractures. Materials and Methods: A prospective, interventional study was conducted in the Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India from May 2020 to November 2021. A total of 30 fracture patients in the age group of 18 to 60 years were included in the study. All the subjects were treated with IM nail supplemented with poller screws for proximal and distal 1/3rd shaft tibial fractures. Twenty cases were closed fractures and 10 were open (grade I or II according to Gustilo Anderson’s classification of compound tibia fracture). Patients were followed-up at 3 weeks, then 6 weekly till union. Patients were evaluated by KarlströmOlerud’s functional evaluation criteria.The data was statistically analysed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 23.0. Results: The mean time of fracture union was 17.33±2.59 weeks with a maximum (n=19) patients in ≤15 weeks, followed by 15- 20 weeks (n=10) and only one patient had delayed union (>20 weeks). According to Karlström-Olerud’s functional evaluation scale 18 (60%) patients had excellent outcome followed by good outcome in 8 (26.7%) patients, while 2 (6.7%) patients had satisfactory and 2 (6.7%) patients moderate outcomes. The total mean varus/valgus deformity preoperatively was 10.17±4.15° while postoperatively it was 1.63±2.3°. The total mean antecurvatum /recurvatum deformity preoperatively was 6.47±5.97° while postoperatively it was 0.20±0.61°. Postoperative complications were observed such as shortening of the leg (n=2), movement loss in the ankle (n=4), movement loss in the knees (n=3), muscle wasting (n=6) and subtalar movement loss (n=6). One patient had a superficial skin infection (oozing of purulent discharge from distal locking skin suture site), which was treated with prolonged antibiotics. Conclusion: Poller screws were found to be effective in achieving fracture alignment and hence, serve as a effective fracture reduction tool. Also helps to maintain the fracture aligned until it healed, preventing the loss of the initial reduction.
Clinical Profile and Serotyping of Rotavirus Diarrhoea in the Postvaccination Period: A Single-centre Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sabharritha Gunasekaran , Meenakshi Krishnaswami Devi , Prabu Dhandapani
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe, life threatening gastroenteritis in infants and young children. As rotavirus strains vary between geographic areas, region specific genotyping information is highly vital to study rotavirus epidemiology and to monitor strain variation after vaccine introduction. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of rotavirus diarrhoea, strains causing the infection among children younger than five years of age and to study the clinical profile of rotavirus diarrhoea to ascertain factors associated with rotavirus infection in them. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out on 150 children under five years with diarrhoea in the Department of Paediatrics, Government Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India from November 2017 to August 2018. The clinical severity was assessed by using Vesikari score. By using PremierTM Rotaclone ELISA Kit rotavirus antigen was detected. Positive samples were tested for RNA identification by Reverese Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). The IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of rotavirus diarrhoea was 17.3% and positive samples belonged to G3 type. Prevalence of rotavirus diarrhoea among the vaccinated children was less when compared to unvaccinated children (p-value 0.034). Clinical severity score (Vesikari score) indicated that patients infected with rotavirus had severe disease as compared to rotavirus non infected patients (p-value 0.011). The duration of hospital stay was longer in rotavirus-positive children as compared to rotavirus-negative children (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: This study highlights the serotype specific prevalence of rotavirus diarrhoea in under five children. Rotavirus has been found to have more severe and prolonged illness among unimmunised under five children; thereby, reinforcing the need for routine rotavirus vaccination.
Correlation of Dermatology Life Quality Section Index and Vitiligo Extent Tensity Index: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Rao Naveen Netaji , Thombre Rahul Ashok , Ahmad Aijaz
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Vitiligo is a chronic depigmentary disorder having an autoimmune aetiology. Vitiligo has a severe impact on the quality of life of the individual in our country. Considering the changing socio-economic trend and the arrival of new medicines in the therapeutic armamentarium of dermatologists, there is a need to know whether Vitiligo, which had high social stigmata in the past, still continues to have the same impact on Quality Of Life (QOL). Aim: To find out the correlation of Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) in cases of vitiligo using Vitiligo Extent Tensity Index (VETI) score Materials and Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Dermatology at Military Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India, from January 2021 to March 2022. The study involved all patients with vitiligo, aged between 15-60 years including both sexes. The patients were given the DLQI questionnaire and DLQI scores were calculated. The DLQI score was correlated with the VETI score established clinically. The statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Results: A total of 108 patients which included 41 males and 67 females were included. The VETI score ranged from 0.5 to 25.7 (mean 5.8±4.187) whereas DLQI score ranged from 1 to 19 (mean 6.73±3.751). Patients with high VETI score (mean was 8.84±7.74) had high DLQI score (11-20), thereby correlating the extent of the quality of life compromised. Conclusion: The VETI positively correlated with the DLQI (r-value=0.476; p-value=0.001). Patients with a high VETI have a severely compromised quality of life.
Agronomic Practices Followed by the Farmers in Kharar Division (SAS Nagar) Punjab
Authors: Inderveer . , Singh Gurshaminder , Namuse Francis
Published: December 2022

The agriculture industry plays a significant part in the Indian economy, accounting for around 20% of the Gross Domestic product (GDP). Around 62 percent of India’s population is reliant on it for survival Gupta & Nagar [1]. Agriculture is a crucial sector of the Indian economy as it contributes about 20.19 percent of GDP (DAC&FW Annual Report, 2020-21). Agronomical practices include all the practices which are followed by the farmer from seed to seed i.e. from seed sowing to seed harvesting and storing. The study was conducted in Kharar block, district SAS Nagar (Punjab). Three villages were selected randomly. A questionnaire was prepared to interview the farmers. After the collection of the data from respondents data were classified and analyzed with the help of suitable statistical measures. As per the data collected overall 100%, of farmers grow wheat and about 98% of respondents grow paddy crop in their fields. Apart from these two crops around 52% of farmers grow cauliflower crop in their fields overall 46% of farmers cultivate the mustard crop. The overall amount of fertilizers used by the respondents are more than the recommended dose. Phalaris minor is the major weed, apart from this about 92% of farmers face the problem of Grasshopper insects in the paddy crop. The average yield of wheat, paddy, and cauliflower is 52, and 75,243 QTLs/ acre respectively.
Perspectives on Fish Consumption Preference, Frequency and Information Accessibility among Households in Juba, South Sudan
Authors: Alosias John K. B. , Draga Philip W. M.
Published: December 2022

Eating healthy requires nutritious foods (e.g. fish, vegetables and fruits etc.) on the menu to help improve the health of consumers. As an example of highly nutritious foods, eating fish has the potential to improve human health. Most fish consumption studies mainly focus on consumers’ perspectives to evaluate their knowledge and behavior, and are often compared to scientific evidences. In many developing countries, fish consumption cannot only be influenced by consumers’ knowledge and behavior but also by other factors such as undersupply of fish and fish products due to poor infrastructures, political instability and unregulated prices in the local markets, accessible and preferred purchasing points, accessible and preferred sources of information, and trust towards agents of information, which are not commonly studied or underrated in developed nations. Limited number of studies only incorporated a few of these variables to understand issues influencing fish consumption. In Juba Town, Kator and Munuki Payams of Juba County and South Sudan at large, recent estimates about food insufficiency among households are worrying. Besides such worsening food insufficiency, studies on food consumption preference, frequency and other persuasive issues have not been conducted or lacking. As a result, this study evaluated perspectives on fish consumption preference, frequency and information accessibility among households in Juba, South Sudan. A total of 191 respondents from Juba Town, Kator and Munuki Payams of Juba County were interviewed using non-probability sampling method. The data were analyzed thematically and descriptively using SPSS software 20.0. Majority of the households (>50%) in Juba consumed fish regularly but in small amounts. The findings also revealed the most preferred fish species and products, purchasing points, motivation and constraints, and information accessibility influencing fish consumption and recommendations for further studies.