bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patterns and predictors of public dental service utilisation among refugees in Victoria, Australia: a latent profile and multilevel analysis
Authors: Veginadu Prabhakar , Masood Mohd , Gussy Mark , Calache Hanny
Published: April 2023

Background

The purpose of the study was to explore, analyse, and describe the patterns of public dental service utilisation among the refugee populations in Victoria, Australia, and determine their predictors at the individual and contextual levels.

Methods

Data on the refugees who attended Victorian public dental services between July 2016 to June 2020 was gathered from the Dental Health Program dataset. Latent profile analysis was used to identify discrete groups among the refugee clientele with similar mean utilisation patterns across six indicator variables describing the attributes of dental services received and the site of care provision, over the study period. Multilevel multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the individual and contextual level correlates of the identified utilisation patterns.

Results

Six distinct profiles of public dental service utilisation were identified among the study population (n = 25,542). The largest group comprised refugees predominantly using restorative services under general course of care (38.10%), followed by extraction services under emergency course of care (23.50%). Only a small proportion were estimated as having a higher mean utilisation of preventive services under general course of care (9.10%). Multilevel analysis revealed that the following variables had a significant association with refugee utilisation pattern: at the individual-level – demographic and ethnic attributes including age, gender, region of birth, preferred language for communication, use of language interpreter services, and type of eligibility card; at the contextual-level – characteristics of refugees’ neighbourhood of residence including urbanicity, socioeconomic disadvantage, delivery of Refugee Health Program at the community health centres, and spatial accessibility to public dental services via driving and public transit modes of travel.

Conclusions

The study represents a significant step towards the development of an evidence-based knowledge around public dental service utilisation among Victorian refugees. Overall, the study findings reiterate the critical need for targeted strategies to promote the importance of routine dental visits, oral disease prevention, and timely intervention among refugee groups.
Factors associated with the closure of obstetric units in German hospitals and its effects on accessibility
Authors: Hoffmann Jan , Dresbach Till , Hagenbeck Carsten , Scholten Nadine
Published: April 2023

Background

An increase in regionalization of obstetric services is being observed worldwide. This study investigated factors associated with the closure of obstetric units in hospitals in Germany and aimed to examine the effect of obstetric unit closure on accessibility of obstetric care.

Methods

Secondary data of all German hospital sites with an obstetrics department were analyzed for 2014 and 2019. Backward stepwise regression was performed to identify factors associated with obstetrics department closure. Subsequently, the driving times to a hospital site with an obstetrics department were mapped, and different scenarios resulting from further regionalization were modelled.

Results

Of 747 hospital sites with an obstetrics department in 2014, 85 obstetrics departments closed down by 2019. The annual number of live births in a hospital site (OR = 0.995; 95% CI = 0.993–0.996), the minimal travel time between two hospital sites with an obstetrics department (OR = 0.95; 95% CI = 0.915–0.985), the availability of a pediatrics department (OR = 0.357; 95% CI = 0.126–0.863), and population density (low vs. medium OR = 0.24; 95% CI = 0.09–0.648, low vs. high OR = 0.251; 95% CI = 0.077–0.822) were observed to be factors significantly associated with the closure of obstetrics departments. Areas in which driving times to the next hospital site with an obstetrics department exceeded the 30 and 40 min threshold slightly increased from 2014 to 2019. Scenarios in which only hospital sites with a pediatrics department or hospital sites with an annual birth volume of ≥ 600 were considered resulted in large areas in which the driving times would exceed the 30 and 40 min threshold.

Conclusion

Close distances between hospital sites and the absence of a pediatrics department at the hospital site associate with the closure of obstetrics departments. Despite the closures, good accessibility is maintained for most areas in Germany. Although regionalization may ensure high-quality care and efficiency, further regionalization in obstetrics will have an impact on accessibility.
The value of partnership in patient-driven as well as in researcher-driven projects
Authors: Søndergaard Henning , Deele Malene , Agerskov Hanne , Lomborg Kirsten , Finderup Jeanette
Published: April 2023

Patient involvement in health research is rarely driven solely by patients, who could be considered to have the highest degree of investment in such research. In the Kidney Connect project, the patients have been the driving force. This commentary considers the following questions: How did we, as patients, lead the work as the driving force in the project? What went well and what did not go so well from our perspective? How did the project compare with work driven by researchers? We argue that projects driven solely by either patients or researchers each have their own limitations. Projects driven solely by patients have some limitations in their robustness, rigour, and likelihood of publication. Nevertheless, a project driven solely by patients has been able to produce findings that are broadly comparable to a project driven solely by researchers that employed methods ensuring robustness and rigour. We suggest collaboration between patients and researchers also for projects driven by patients.
Automated whole-volume measurement of CT fat fraction of the pancreas: correlation with Dixon MR imaging
Authors: Tanabe Masahiro , Higashi Mayumi , Tanabe Masaya , Kawano Yosuke , Inoue Atsuo , Narikiyo Koji , Kobayashi Taiga , Ueda Takaaki , Ito Katsuyoshi
Published: April 2023

Objectives:

This study aimed to assess the feasibility of pancreatic steatosis quantification by automated whole-volume measurement of the fat fraction of the pancreas on CT in comparison to MRI using proton-density fat fraction (PDFF) techniques.

Methods:

Fifty-nine patients who underwent both CT and MRI were analyzed. Automated whole-volume measurement of pancreatic fat on unenhanced CT was performed by a histogram analysis with local thresholding. Three sets of CT fat volume fraction (FVF) (%) values with thresholds of −30 Hounsfield unit (HU), −20 HU and −10 HU were compared to MR-FVF (%) values measured on a PDFF map.

Results:

The median −30 HU CT-FVF, −20 HU CT-FVF, −10 HU CT-FVF and MR-FVF values of the pancreas were 8.6% (interquartile range (IQR), 11.3), 10.5% (IQR, 13.2), 13.4% (IQR, 16.1) and 10.9% (IQR, 9.7), respectively. The −30 HU CT-FVF (%), −20 HU CT-FVF (%) and −10 HU CT-FVF (%) of the pancreas showed a significant positive correlation with the MR-FVF (%) of the pancreas (ρ = 0.898, p < 0.001, ρ = 0.905, p < 0.001, ρ = 0.909, p < 0.001, respectively). The −20 HU CT-FVF (%) displayed reasonable agreement with the MR-FVF (%) with a low absolute fixed bias (mean difference, 0.32%; limit of agreement from −10.1 to 10.7%).

Conclusion:

The automated whole-volume measurement of the CT fat fraction of the pancreas using the threshold CT attenuation value of −20 HU may be a feasible, non-invasive, and convenient technique for quantifying pancreatic steatosis.

Advances in knowledge:

CT-FVF value of the pancreas had a positive correlation with the MR-FVF value. The −20 HU CT-FVF may be a convenient technique for quantifying pancreatic steatosis.
Curricularização da extensão: a experiência do curso de administração pública da Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas UNICAMP
Authors: Lucas Angela Christina , Pires de Arruda Leite Juliana , Gonçalves Junior Oswaldo , Van Noije Paulo , Ribeiro de Sousa Rodrigo
Published: April 2023

A emergência da chamada curricularização da extensão universitária, expressa em um marco legal recente, ao passo que vem reforçando o caráter indutor da extensão por mudanças concretas na pesquisa e no ensino tradicionais, coloca uma série de desafios para que as instituições de ensino superior (IES) se adaptem a essa nova realidade. É no esforço de promover a reflexão críticasobre iniciativas de integração entre práticas pedagógicas e extensionistas no Campo de Públicas que este artigo se insere. Nossos objetivos são problematizar e refletir a respeito dos desafios da curricularização da extensão nesse campo à luz da experiência do curso de Administração Pública da Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp) mediante metodologia de observação participante. O curso vem aprimorando suas práticas pedagógicas desde as novas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais, de 2014, e esse movimento ganhou impulso após a Resolução CNE/CES nº 7, de 2018, com a implementação de iniciativas que integram disciplinas em projetos de impacto social.
Rationalization of the local budget economy: a comparative analysis of the legislative basis in Poland and Romania in the concepts of positive law and natural law
Authors: Alexandru Dana Georgeta , Guziejewska Beata
Published: April 2023

Motivation: The contrast between positive law and natural law regarding the rationalization of public budget management is strongest at the local government level. Local government finances are governed by the budget law enacted by parliament. However, it is at the subnational level of government where the natural right to self-determination and making rational decisions in the interest of local communities is most apparent.Aim: This article evaluates and compares the scope and instruments of Polish and Romanian budget laws that enable the rationalization of managing subnational budgets from the perspective of positive law and natural law. The article is based on research using qualitative methods (a literature review and a critical examination of financial legislation in Poland and Romania) and a descriptive comparative analysis.Results: The research confirms the main thesis of the article that the pillar of budget management rationalization in Polish and Romanian local governments is a symbiosis of positive law with natural law, the underpinning and enhancement of which should be formal legislation.
Protection of the consumer rights on the Polish insurance market
Authors: Ratowska-Dziobiak Eleonora
Published: April 2023

Motivation: The insurance market in Poland has undergone intensive changes resulting from the development of the market economy model. Poland’s membership in the EU imposes adaptation of the domestic legal order to legislation introduced at the level of the European Community. Consequent on this insurance companies function in the constantly changing legal and economic conditions. Apart from the strive to become more competitive, to increase the demand for the insurance services, insurers must care for the correct relationships with their clients and respect their rights resulting from the signed contract.Aim: The objective of the article is to analyse the factors determining changes in the protection of consumer rights on the Polish insurance market. For a long time, this issue was a secondary subject of regulatory standards, practices and business initiatives introduced in Poland. Along with the progressive modification of the supervisory system and the introduction of new global solutions, the issue of protection of consumer rights has become particularly important.Results: The conducted research indicates that the emergence of new threats and challenges faced by the insurance sector significantly affected the scope of protection, range of insurance products, their distribution channels and way in which the consumer rights are respected. The development of cross-sectoral cooperation, the creation of international capital groups, the spread of the bancassurance phenomenon, have tightened the system of supervision over the financial market. It has become necessary to implement new law regulations that will ensure the availability and high quality of insurance services and the safety of using them.
Listy z celi śmierci – językowy obraz więziennej traumy skazańców komunistycznego aparatu represji
Authors: Jastrzębska-Golonka Danuta , Kęcik Anna
Published: April 2023

Bojownicy o wolną Polskę, którzy nie pogodzili się z oddaniem wyzwolonej spod niemieckiego okupanta ojczyzny Związkowi Socjalistycznych Republik Sowieckich i komunistycznej władzy, stali się ofiarami nowego systemu. Aresztowani, torturowani, oskarżani o działalność przeciwko nowemu rządowi, dostawali wyroki wieloletniego więzienia lub kary śmierci. Oczekując na egzekucje, pisali do rodzin oficjalne, a więc cenzurowane listy oraz – jeśli były takie możliwości, grypsy. Pierwsze nigdy nie zostały wysłane, drugie czasem docierały do adresatów. Język tych listów stał się materiałem badawczym. Analiza tekstów, wykorzystująca metodologię językowego obrazu świata (JOS), pozwoliła na wyłonienie głównych kręgów tematycznych. Skazańcy pisali prośby, podziękowania i pożegnania, dzielili się swoimi refleksjami na temat Boga i wiary, śmierci, wartości rodzinnych i dramatycznej przyszłości, dając upust swoim emocjom i uczuciom, które dzięki staraniom rodzin oraz historyków przemówiły po latach. Artykuł interpretuje te teksty, wykorzystując metodologię językowego obrazu świata, wypracowaną przez lubelską szkołę etnolingwistyczną.
Obezojenik Aile Ortamı ile Çocukların Akıllı Telefon Kullanımı ve Depresif Belirtileri Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: ORHAN KILIÇ Betül , KILIÇ Serhat , GÜL ATEŞ Eylem , ADI Abduljabar , DALATİ Sami , SHAABAN Luai , SEVİM Efe , KONUKSEVER Dilek
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Çocukluk çağı obezitesi günümüzde en yaygın halk sağlığı sorunu haline gelmiştir. Çocukluk obezitesi için obezojenik aile uygulamaları, çocuk obezitesi ve depresif belirtiler arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu araştırmayı, Ekim 2021 - Temmuz 2021 tarihleri arasında çocuk kliniğimize başvuran 7-15 yaş aralığında olan 96 çocuk ve onların ailesi üzerinde gerçekleştirdik. Çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden ebeveynler ve çocuklar, sosyodemografik verilerini, çocukların kilo ve boy bilgilerini, “Çocuklar İçin Depresyon Envanteri (CDI)” ve “Aile Beslenmesi ve Fiziksel Aktivite Tarama Aracı (FNPA)” içeren bir online anketi doldurdular.

Bulgular: Bu çalışma, çocukluk çağı obezitesi için daha yüksek riskli aile uygulamalarının, çocuklarda artan depresif belirtilerle ilişkili olduğunu bulmuştur (r=-0.279, p=0.006). Obezojenik aile ortamı, çocuklarda daha yüksek depresif puanlarla ilişkiliydi. Obezojenik aile ortamına sahip çocukların akıllı telefonlarda daha fazla zaman geçirdikleri de doğrulandı (p<0.001).

Sonuç: FNPA, obezojenik aile faktörlerini belirlemede kolay uygulanabilir bir araçtır. Obezojenik aile ortamına sahip çocuklarda depresif belirtiler ve akıllı telefon kullanımı konusunda dikkatli olabiliriz.
What is a Good Mentor?
Authors: Ford Derek
Published: April 2023

From the perspective of an NQP, Derek Ford offers his views of what makes a good mentor.
The risks and rewards of semaglutide in obesity treatment
Authors: Winter George
Published: April 2023

George Winter discusses the potential of semaglutide, a hormone-mimicking drug, for weight loss in overweight and obese non-diabetic adults. While effective, the drug has adverse side effects and highlights the importance of lifestyle interventions in addressing overweight and obesity
Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Markers in Relation APGAR Scores to in Egyptian Newborns with Intrauterine Growth Retardation
Authors: Abdelrazek Abderahman A. , S. Tosson Angie M. , Abde-latif Ali Abdehafeez , Youness Eman Refaat , Zaki Moushira
Published: April 2023

The study aimed to estimate the status of oxidative stress markers in neonates of both sexes born 37- 41with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) comparing them to healthy convenient for gestational. The study included 44 Egyptian neonates with IUGR of both sexes and 45 neonates of both sexes with appropriate for gestational age. In both groups the neonates were delivered vaginally without any assisted vaginal delivery to mothers without known medical conditions affecting placental sufficiency. Malondialdehyde (MDA, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and paraoxonase-1(PON1) were measured. Obstetric data including mode of delivery, instrumental delivery and gestational age at delivery by ultrasound Neonatal assessment including gestational age by new Ballard, sex of neonate, weight, head circumference, APGAR score at 1 and 5 minutes, length, full general & systemic examinations of newborn. The activity of MDA was increased, whilelevels of TAC and PON1 were significantly lower in IUGR than controls. APGAR score at both 1 min and 5 min and Ballard were significantly decreased in the IUGR group. Mean birth weight, length, maternal gestational age and head circumference of IUGR cases were decreased than control. APGAR scores were negatively correlated with MDA. In conclusion oxidative stress associated with IUGR newborns and antioxidants during pregnancy may be advised. Oxidative stress markers might have early prediction value for diagnosis of these conditions and probable pharmacological intervention with antioxidants may improve the pregnancy conditions.
Terahertz reflection hyperspectral 3D imaging using beam scanning
Authors: Gretzinger Thomas , Radhanpura Krunal , Fairman Philip , Berman Mark , Farrant David
Published: April 2023

Terahertz (THz) radiation has the capability to combine spectroscopy and imaging in a single system. The resulting hyperspectral images can reveal concealed objects and identify materials by means of characteristic spectral features. For security applications, THz is attractive for its non-contact and non-destructive measurement capabilities. For such applications, objects may be too absorbing for transmission measurements, or only one side of an object may be accessible, necessitating a reflection measurement configuration. This work details the development and demonstration of a compact fiber-coupled hyperspectral imaging reflection system suited to field use for security and industrial applications. The system uses beam steering to measure objects of up to 150 mm diameter with a depth range of up to 255 mm, allowing for 3-dimensional mapping of objects, while simultaneously acquiring spectral data. Spectral information between 0.2-1.8 THz is extracted from a hyperspectral image and used to identify lactose, tartaric acid, and 4-aminobenzoic acid in high and low humidity environments.
New theoretical model of the evolution of blazed gratings in the ion beam etching process
Authors: Yuan Jie , Li Xingyu , Guan Lulu , Liu Zhuang , Dong Shuo , Yang Yuxin , Xu Kaidong , Zhuang Shiwei
Published: April 2023

Blazed gratings play a key role in advanced fields such as metaverse,
AR and VR, etc. A good triangular cross section morphology is critical
for its performance and applications. To investigate how triangular
blazed gratings are evolved from rectangular masks, blazed gratings
were fabricated by ion beam etching process. A new theoretical model
called six-surface intermediate (SSI) model is proposed to explain the
morphological evolution from rectangular homogeneous masks to
triangular blazed gratings. The actual morphologies of blazed gratings
with different process parameters were characterized by scanning
electron microscopy. These observations confirm the correctness of the
new model. Our research is of important guiding significance for the
fabrication of blazed gratings with controllable morphology.
Temporal trends in overweight and obesity and chronic disease risks among adolescents and young adults: A ten-year review at a tertiary institution in Nigeria
Authors: Oluwasanu Abayomi Olabayo , Akinyemi Joshua Odunayo , Oluwasanu Mojisola Morenike , Oseghe Olabisi Bada , Oladoyinbo Olusola Lanre , Bello Jelili , Ajuwon Ademola Johnson , Jegede Ayodele Samuel , Danaei Goodarz , Akingbola Olufemi
Published: April 2023

There is an increasing prevalence of obesity among college/university students in low- and middle-income countries, similar to the trend observed in high-income countries. This study aimed to describe the trend and burden of overweight/obesity and emerging associated chronic disease risks among students at the University of Ibadan (UI), Nigeria. This is a ten-year retrospective review of medical records of students (undergraduate and post-graduate) admitted between 2009 and 2018 at UI. Records of 60,168 participants were analysed. The Body Mass Index (BMI) categories were determined according to WHO standard definitions, and blood pressure was classified according to the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC7). The mean age of the participants was 24.8, SD 8.4 years. The majority were ≤ 40 years (95.1%). There was a slight male preponderance (51.5%) with a male-to-female ratio of 1.1:1; undergraduate students constituted 51.9%. The prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity were 10.5%, 18.7% and 7.2%, respectively. We found a significant association between overweight/obesity and older age, being female and undergoing postgraduate study (p = 0.001). Furthermore, females had a higher burden of coexisting abnormal BMI characterised by underweight (11.7%), overweight (20.2%) and obese (10.4%). Hypertension was the most prevalent obesity-associated non-communicable disease in the study population, with a prevalence of 8.1%. Also, a third of the study population (35.1%) had prehypertension. Hypertension was significantly associated with older age, male sex, overweight/obesity and family history of hypertension (p = 0.001). This study identified a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity than underweight among the participants, a double burden of malnutrition and the emergence of non-communicable disease risks with potential lifelong implications on their health and the healthcare system. To address these issues, cost-effective interventions are urgently needed at secondary and tertiary-level educational institutions.
Maternal educational level and preterm birth: Exploring inequalities in a hospital-based cohort study
Authors: Granés Laura , Torà-Rocamora Isabel , Palacio Montse , De la Torre Laura , Llupià Anna
Published: April 2023

Preterm birth has been related to inequalities in maternal educational level, but the causal mechanism is not entirely known. Some factors associated with preterm birth and low educational level such as chronic medical conditions, pregnancy complications and related-health behaviours could have a mediation role in the pathway. This study aimed to evaluate the association between maternal educational level and preterm birth, analysing the mediation role of these factors. We performed a retrospective cohort study based on hospital electronic records of 10467 deliveries that took place in the Hospital Clínic of Barcelona between 2011 and 2017. Poisson regression was used to obtain crude and adjusted relative risk of preterm birth in women with different educational level and the percentage of change in relative risk was calculated when mediation variables were included in the model. Women with a lower educational level had a higher risk of preterm birth (RR 1.57, 95% CI 1.21, 2.03). The loss of association after the inclusion of body mass index in the model suggests an important mediation role of maternal overweight. Other variables such as smoking, drug use, preeclampsia and genitourinary infections also appear to play a role in the observed inequality between women with different levels of education. Efforts to promote health literacy and to improve preventive interventions, before and during pregnancy, could decrease preterm birth rates and perinatal health inequalities
Genomic prediction of rice mesocotyl length indicative of directing seeding suitability using a half-sib hybrid population
Authors: Chen Liang , Liu Jindong , He Sang , Cao Liyong , Ye Guoyou
Published: April 2023

Direct seeding has been widely adopted as an economical and labor-saving technique in rice production, though problems such as low seedling emergence rate, emergence irregularity and poor lodging resistance are existing. These problems are currently partially overcome by increasing seeding rate, however it is not acceptable for hybrid rice due to the high seed cost. Improving direct seeding by breeding is seen as the ultimate solution to these problems. For hybrid breeding, identifying superior hybrids among a massive number of hybrids from crossings between male and female parental populations by phenotypic evaluation is tedious and costly. Contrastingly, genomic selection/prediction (GS/GP) could efficiently detect the superior hybrids capitalizing on genomic data, which holds a great potential in plant hybrids breeding. In this study, we utilized 402 rice inbred varieties and 401 hybrids to investigate the effectiveness of GS on rice mesocotyl length, a representative indicative trait of direct seeding suitability. Several GP methods and training set designs were studied to seek the optimal scenario of hybrid prediction. It was shown that using half-sib hybrids as training set with the phenotypes of all parental lines being fitted as a covariate could optimally predict mesocotyl length. Partitioning the molecular markers into trait-associated and -unassociated groups based on genome-wide association study using all parental lines and hybrids could further improve the prediction accuracy. This study indicates that GS could be an effective and efficient method for hybrid breeding for rice direct seeding.
Migration background and COVID-19 related intensive care unit admission and mortality in the Netherlands: A cohort study
Authors: Ocak Gurbey , Khairoun Meriem , van Stigt Thans Martine , Meeder Danielle , Moeniralam Hazra , Dekker Friedo W. , Verhaar Marianne C. , Bos Willem Jan W. , Kaasjager Karin A. H.
Published: April 2023

Background

Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, studies have been reporting inconsistently on migration background as a risk factor for COVID-19 outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between migration background and clinical outcomes with COVID-19 in the Netherlands.

Methods

This cohort study included 2,229 adult COVID-19 patients admitted in two Dutch hospitals between February 27, 2020 and March 31, 2021. Odds ratios (ORs) for hospital admission, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for non-Western (Moroccan, Turkish, Surinamese or other) persons as compared with Western persons in the general population of the province of Utrecht (the Netherlands) as source population. Furthermore, among hospitalized patients, Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs for in-hospital mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) admission were calculated using Cox proportional hazard analyses. Hazard ratios were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, Charlson Comorbidity Index, chronic corticosteroid use before admission, income, education and population density to investigate explanatory variables.

Results

Of the 2,229 subjects, 1,707 were of Western origin and 522 were of non-Western origin. There were 313 in-hospital deaths and 503 ICU admissions. As compared with persons with a Western origin in the general population of the province of Utrecht, the ORs for non-Western persons was 1.8 (95% CI 1.7–2.0) for hospitalization, 2.1 (95% CI 1.7–2.5) for ICU admission and 1.3 (95% CI 1.0–1.7) for mortality. Among hospitalized patients, HR for ICU admission was 1.1 (95% CI 0.9–1.4) and 0.9 (95% CI 0.7–1.3) for mortality for non-Western hospitalized persons as compared with hospitalized patients of Western origin after adjustment.

Conclusion

Non-Western persons, including Moroccan, Turkish and Surinamese subjects, had increased risks of hospital admission, ICU admission and COVID-19 related death on a population level. Among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, no association was found between migration background and ICU admission or mortality.
A vaccine to prevent malaria
Authors: Bol Sebastiaan , Garza Rolando , Reyes Raphael , Bunnik Evelien
Published: April 2023

Malaria mostly affects young children in Africa. They suffer from fever, fatigue and organ failure. About 1,200 children die of malaria each day. Many more get sick, multiple times. Malaria is caused by a parasite that is spread by mosquitoes. It grows inside red blood cells. Current medication is effective, but often not available. Our own immune system can protect us, but it takes many infections. Protected adults make antibodies against the parasite, but which of these prevent people from getting sick? We identified antibodies that may prevent severe malaria.
In vitro assays show they can reduce binding of infected red blood cells to brain blood vessels.
Living with Hope: Resilience Among Parent/s of Children with Autism in Palembang Therapy Center
Authors: Hidayati Diajeng Laily , Aisha Maulita Noor
Published: April 2023

In the developing countries, social services for people with disability (PwD) are still limited and responsibility for the development of chil- dren with disability is often associated with their parent/s. The children with special needs, including those with autism, impacts all members of his/her family and leads to the emergence of crisis experiences in the family. The article talks the resiliency of parent/s with autistic chil- dren in Palembang Terapi Center. This paper is written with a phenom- enological approach. Findings show that dominant themes emerged regarding resiliency in this paper setting are self-acceptance, self-ef- ficacy, and adaptation. Several factors that influence the resilience of parents with autistic children are individual abilities, children’s con- ditions, environment, and religious values. Moreover, there are three types of resiliencies according to the level of difficulty experienced by parent/s; high level of difficulty, moderate level of difficulty, and lower level of difficulty.
Di negara berkembang, keterbatasan layanan sosial bagi penyandang disabilitas dan tanggung jawab atas tumbuh kembang anak penyandang disabilitas seringkali dikaitkan dengan orang tua. Keberadaan anak berkebutuhan khusus, termasuk anak dengan autisme berdampak pada seluruh anggota keluarga dan berujung pada kemuncul pengalaman krisis keluarga. Artikel ini mengeksplorasi resiliensi orang tua yang memiliki anak dengan autisme di Pusat Terapi Palembang. Artikel ini ditulis dengan pendekatan fenomenologis. Temuan menunjukkan tema terkait resiliensi dalam penerimaan diri, efikasi diri, dan adaptasi. Temuan lain adalah faktor yang mempengaruhi resiliensi orang tua yang memiliki anak autisme dengan kemampuan individu, kondisi anak, lingkungan, dan nilai agama. Selain itu, ada tiga jenis resiliensi menurut tingkat kesulitan yang dialami orang tua; tingkat kesulitan tinggi, sedang, dan rendah.
Superexploitation and the Imperialist Drive of Capitalism
Authors: Higginbottom Andy
Published: April 2023

Andy Higginbottom analyzes the influence of Ruy Mauro Marini on dependency theory and the concept of superexploitation. Marini, he explains, carried Marx's legacy forward—but there is still work to be done in the twenty-first century.
Post-Second World War Social Christianity and Its Relevance to Pope Francis's Criticism of NATO
Authors: Terrar Toby
Published: April 2023

Toby Terrar reviews I Was a Red Priest, the memoir of Marxist clergy member and activist Father Jean Boulier, finding lessons for today's antiwar Christians.
The silly war
Authors: Piercy Marge
Published: April 2023

A new poem by Marge Piercy.
Hemispheric Quechua: language education and reclamation within diasporic communities in the United States
Authors: Mendoza-Mori Américo , Sprouse Rachel
Published: April 2023

Over the last two decades, the United States has increasingly become a site of Quechua language use and reclamation. Reclamation programs have emerged, both promoting the language and fostering community empowerment, particularly among Latinx youth. In this essay, we draw on our experiences as U.S.-based Quechua-language educators and organizers to explore the participation of diasporic Quechua reclamation movements in the global advance of the language. We frame these U.S.-based projects not as discrete entities, but as initiatives in constant connection with their counterparts in the Andes. This reflection piece provides a timeline of academic and community organizations in New York City, a global urban center with one of the largest bilingual Quechua-Spanish communities outside of the Andes. We conclude that these diasporic bottom-up language policy and planning (LPP) efforts are natural agents of dialogue on Quechua-language education and an integral part of the international Quechua reclamation movement.
Körmöczi János jénai és göttingeni peregrinációjának filozófia- és tudománytörténeti vonatkozásai
Authors: Gurka Dezső
Published: April 2023

A 18–19. század fordulóján mind Jéna, mind Göttingen fontos célállomásai voltak a magyarországi peregrinusoknak, s közülük számosan, így Körmöczi János (1763–1836) is, mindkét egyetemet látogatták. Jéna – Carl Leonhard Reinhold, Johann Gottlieb Fichte és Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling előadásainak köszönhetően – a német idealizmus kibontakozásának színterévé vált, s néhány magyar peregrinus – így Kálmán Vilmos (Wilhelm Kalmann) és Bodó Sámuel is – valamilyen szinten mellékszereplőjévé válhatott e folyamatnak. E hatásközvetítésnek Körmöczi Fichte A gondolatszabadság visszakövetelése Európa fejedelmeitől, akik azt ezidáig elnyomták című röpiratának (Zurückforderung der Denkfreiheit von den Fürsten Europens die sie bisher unterdrückten, 1793) lefordítása kapcsán vált részesévé, bár annak csupán egyetlen részlete jelenhetett meg nyomtatásban. Cikkünkben a korábban kolozsvári tanári székfoglalójaként számon tartott beszédének kéziratát sikerült egy másik Fichte-mű, az Előadások a tudás emberének rendeltetéséről (Einige Vorlesungen über die Bestimmung des Gelehrten, 1794) fordításaként beazonosítanunk. Lichtenberg 1796-os göttingeni kísérleti fizikai előadásairól készített és rajzokkal ellátott jegyzetei szintén fontos hatásközvetítés kiindulópontjává váltak: a kolozsvári unitárius kollégium szertárának leltára alapján kimutatható, hogy Körmöczi legkésőbb 1799-től kezdődően beszerezte a szóban forgó elektrosztatikai kísérletek bemutatására alkalmas eszközöket.
Discussion of the concept of ambidexterity in process management
Authors:   Instytut Badań Systemowych Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Sliż Piotr , Szelągowski Marek ,   Instytut Badań Systemowych Polskiej Akademii Nauk
Published: April 2023

The article addresses the issue of differences in the translation of the term ambidexterity, which is equated in the Polish literature with such terms as ambidextrousness, two-handedness, double-agility, ambivalence, or duality. The choice of the Polish term is of significance for intuitive understanding of this phenomenon by both researchers and non-specialists, including practitioners. The main objective is to systematize the terminological issues and thus propose a Polish translation of the term ambidexterity, in the discipline of management and quality sciences, in the sub-discipline of process management. Methods such as bibliometric analysis and a review of the Polish literature on the subject, using the Publish or Perish database, were used to achieve the main objective. The results of the study and the conclusions formulated contribute to the current knowledge regarding the discussion on the Polish equivalent of the term ambidexterity. In the Authors' opinion, the concept most fully and accurately reflecting the context of the contradiction between exploitative and exploratory activities in process management, within the sphere of the discussed BPM issues, is duality. The article is original in nature because, even if partially, it fills the cognitive gap concerning the sparsity of publications addressing the integrative view of ambidexterity and BPM.
Application of the "textual laboratory" tools of the MaxQda computer program in scientific research - comparative analysis of Polish and foreign research reports
Authors:   Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie, Sajdera Jolanta
Published: April 2023

Digitization of textual data is now commonplace in many areas of society, and the development of digital techniques is fostering the emergence of new tools used by researchers. The article addresses the issue of the application of computer-assisted analysis of textual data in the procedure of qualitative research from the perspective of its user. Due to the wide scope of the issue being addressed, the question being considered is the applicability of working with a selected program from the CAQDAS family - VERBI Software's MaxQda program. The first part of the article recalls milestones in the development of digital tools that researchers can use to analyse textual data. Next, the metaphor of a "text lab" is explained, describing how to work with the MaxQda program during data reduction and representation. The next section presents the results of a comparative analysis of secondary sources, using data from three sources: Herzing's Publish or Perish citation ranking, ProQuest databases, and the Biblioteka Nauki platform. The corpus of data consisted of research reports in which the authors declared that they used the MaxQda program. The analysis made it possible to identify the program's capabilities on which the authors of the reports focus, as well as the scientific fields that the authors represent. The conclusion reflects on the contribution of modern technology to the development of qualitative data analysis, and provides examples of the dilemmas that a researcher may face during the next stages of computer-assisted analytical work, using their own analytical practice as an example.
PENGARUH VARIASI KEMIRINGAN PROPELLER TERHADAP EFISIENSI TURBIN ULIR
Authors: Putra Faris Aji Sakya , Basyrun Basyirun , Saputra Danang Dwi
Published: April 2023

Turbin ulir atau screw (archimedean turbine) merupakan salah satu turbin dalam pembangkit listrik tenaga mikro hidro. Turbin ulir sangat berpotensi digunakan untuk sumberenergi listrik di Indonesia karena banyaknya jumlah sumber-sumber air yang sebagian besar hanya memiliki debit yang kecil dan head yang rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untukmengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh sudut kemiringan propeller sebagai parameter kerja turbin terhadap daya aliran, daya mekanis, dan efisiensi turbin. Selanjutnya, data hasilpengujian disajikan dengan metode analisis deskriptif. Metode analisis deskriptif dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pengujian dan pengamatan secara langsung pengaruh sudutkemiringan propeller yang berbeda terhadap efisiensi turbin. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan mengalirkan air dengan variasi debit yang ditentukan menuju propeller turbindengan perubahan sudut kemiringan 25Â°, 30Â°, 35Â°, dan 40Â°. Tachometer digunakan untuk mengetahui data putaran yang dihasilkan yang kemudian mencari data daya mekanis, dayaaliran, dan efisiensi menggunakan persamaan teoritis. Pengujian pengaruh perubahan kemiringan sudut propeller terhadap kinerja turbin yang meliputi daya aliran, daya a mekanis, dan efisiensi pada variasi debit aliran didapatkan hasil maksimal pada sudut 30Â°. Kemiringan sudut propeller tersebut menunjukkan optimalisasi desain turbin penelitian ini, dengan nilai efisiensi mencapai 80,66% dengan masing-masing daya aliran dan daya mekanis tertinggi sebesar 609,69 Watt dan 10242,22 Watt
Pengaruh Temperatur Sintering Terhadap Densitas dan Ukuran Kristal Barium Hekaferite Berbasis Pasir Besi
Authors: Ichwani Achmad Arif , Widodo Rahmat Doni
Published: April 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh temperatur sintering terhadap densitas danukuran kristal barium heksaferit berbasis pasir besi. Pasir besi dari pantai selatan Purworejo diuji XRD untuk mengetahui senyawa yang terkandung. Pasir besi tersebut juga disaring secara mekanik menggunakan magnet permanen sebanyak 35 kali dan kemudian dipanaskan pada temperatur 800oC selama 5 jam. Pasca dipanaskan, serbuk pasir besi di uji kembali menggunkan XRD dan kemudian pasir besi hasil pemanasan dicampur dengan barium karbonat (BaCO3) dengan alat shaker mill selama 3 jam. Serbuk campuran lalu dikompaksi dengan tekanan 5 ton. Sempel yang berbentuk pelet lalu di-sintering pada temperature 1100oC, 1150oC dan 1200oC di dalam furnace selama 2 jam. Pasca sintering, pelet lalu diuji densitas dengan menggunakan metode Archimedes. Ukuran kristal pelet diperoleh menggunakan metode XRD line boardening analysis dengan metode Debye-Scherrer.Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkah bahwa pada pelet yang di sintering1200oC memiliki nilai density rata-rata yangtertinggi yaitu 4,12 g/cm3 dan juga menghasilkan ukuran kristal terbesar yaitu 64,29 nm. Meningkatnya temperatur sintering sampai dengan1200oC dapat meningkatkan nilai densitas dan ukuran kristal.
Pengaruh Warna Pelapis dan Ketebalan Lapisan Pada Proses Zinc Electroplating Terhadap Laju Korosi Baja AISI 1015
Authors: Haqiqi Muttaqin , Rusiyanto Rusiyanto , Fitriyana Deni Fajar , Kriswanto Kriswanto
Published: April 2023

Memperbaiki ketahanan korosi material dapat dilakukan dengan cara pelapisan logam. Tujuan utama electroplating adalah meningkatkan ketahanan korosi dan memperindah tampilan dengan variasi warna. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meneliti pengaruh variasi warna pelapis terhadap laju korosi baja karbon rendah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen. Menggunakan proses zinc electroplating dan trivalent passivation treatment. Pengujian laju korosi menggunakan metode weight loss, masa perendaman 7 hari dengan medium korosif NaCl 3,5%. Pengujian ketebalan lapisan dilakukan menggunakan metode foto mikro. Hasil penelitian diperoleh dengan cara mengamati langsung hasil eksperimen yang disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan grafik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh variasi warna pelapis terhadap laju korosi baja Baja AISI 1015 berupa penurunan laju korosi pada masing-masing variasi warna pelapis. Laju korosi terendah terdapat pada warna hitam yakni 0,016840030 mmpy. Ketebalan lapisan juga berpengaruh terhadap laju korosi baja Baja AISI 1015. Semakin tinggi ketebalan lapisan pada proses zinc electroplating maka semakin rendah laju korosi baja Baja AISI 1015.
TUNGKU BAKAR BRIKET UNTUK SKALA INDUSTRI MENENGAH KEBAWAH DENGAN PENAMBAHAN PENAMPUNGAN HASIL PEMBAKARAN
Authors: Fikri Syihabul , Firmansyah Hendrix Noviyanto , Putra Athallahariq Fadhil Kamal , Pradana Geofany Adi , Anwar Muhammad Choirul
Published: April 2023

Stove design is basically made to achieve high combustion efficiency. The briquette stove performance test is also determined by several factors including time, temperature and combustion air quality. The type of briquette stove depends on the user sector, the type of stove that is currently on the market has an efficiency of between 31-33%. The briquette stove is not yet fully in demand by the public, this is because the briquette stove still has deficiencies, especially in the flame extinguishing operating system. Then a briquette stove was designed for households equipped with a fuel use control system so that what was left could be used for the next need.
MESIN PEMBAKARAN PIROLISIS BERBAHAN DASAR SEKAM PADI DAN SABUT KELAPA PENGHASIL ASAP CAIR
Authors: Saputra Raditya Dharma , Bahatmaka Aldias , Mahendra Rajasa Wido , Trisnawan Dimas , Marwoto Suwandi
Published: April 2023

This study aims to obtain smoke gas through pyrolysis technology by processing biomass materials around us, as well as knowing the effect of increasing the pyrolysator temperature on the capacity of the smoke gas produced and the content in the biomass smoke gas. The combustion process in the combustion tube uses the pyrolysis method or combustion with low oxygen levels or does not use oxygen. This second concept uses additional distillation methods to improve the quality of the liquid smoke produced. The third product concept has a combined design of the two previous concepts. This third concept uses the concept of three phase changes using two condenser tubes and one distillation tube.
МЕДІАТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ЯК ЕФЕКТИВНИЙ ЗАСІБ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЯКОСТІ ОСВІТНЬОГО ПРОЦЕСУ В ЗАКЛАДАХ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: ЧЕРВІНСЬКА ІННА , СТРУК АННА , ПРИТУЛЯК ОКСАНА , НИКОРАК ЯРОСЛАВ
Published: April 2023

Автори розглядають питання розвитку медіаосвітніх технологій в умовах підготовки здобувачів освіти. Актуальність досліджуваної проблеми зумовлена великим освітньо-пізнавальним потенціалом сучасних медіатехнологій, які в педагогічній діяльності та освітній практиці виконують подвійну функцію: підвищення якості освітнього процесу під час вивчення різних дисциплін освітньої професійної програми шляхом високої ефективності якості навчального і розвивального потенціалу медіатехнологій – формування медійної грамотності студентів. Стаття присвячена проблематиці організації освітнього процесу у ЗВО за умов інтенсивного розвитку медіатехнологій, збільшення впливу медіаресурсів та впровадження ефективних медіапрактик у педагогічну діяльність. Обґрунтовано, що рівень медіаграмотності здобувача освіти виступає основним чинником формування успішного випускника-професіонала. Для вирішення окреслених завдань застосовано комплекс наукових методів, які забезпечують достовірність результатів і висновків. Наголошується, що медіатехнології можуть ефективно інтегруватися до освітнього контенту майже всіх навчальних дисциплін освітньої професійної програми певного рівня за умови дотримання дидактично-організаційних вимог  щодо доцільності досягнення цілей і реалізації окреслених завдань медіаосвіти. Авторами вказується, що сучасне суспільство, де інформація набуває статусу соціокультурного й економічного ресурсів, вимагає підготовки компетентних спеціалістів, які вільно володіли б медіаосвітніми технологіями та ефективно їх застосовували в майбутній професійній діяльності. Дослідниками наголошується, що рівень медіаосвіти студентів повинен відповідати розвитку загального інтелектуального і професійного рівнів майбутнього фахівця певної галузі.
Hälsosamhället i pedagogisk forskning
Authors: Björklund Erika
Published: April 2023

Vi lever idag i ett hälsosamhälle där hälsa och pedagogik kan betraktas som oupplösligt sammanflätade i formandet av hälsosamma människor. Vi vet dock inte så mycket om hur hälsosamhället figurerar eller framträder i pedagogisk forskning och inte heller vilka frågor om hälsosamhället som ställs. Den här studien riktar blicken mot svenska doktorsavhandlingar i pedagogik som här uppfattas indikera sådant som pågår inom ämnet, och avser att undersöka hur hälsosamhället framträder i dessa. Av de 917 avhandlingar i ämnet pedagogik som publicerades i Sverige under 2005-2019, fick 76 avhandlingar utgöra underlag för studien. Analysen utforskade hur hälsosamhället behandlas och vilka dimensioner av hälsosamhället som framträder samt hur. Resultaten visar att hälsosamhället är svagt etablerat som forskningsområde inom pedagogikämnet och att huvuddelen av studierna med anknytning till hälsosamhället berör hälso- och sjukvården eller sjukdom/diagnoser, medan forskning om eller för hälsofrämjande verksamhet (utanför hälso- och sjukvården) eller om pedagogiska processer i relation till hälsa eller välbefinnande utgör en minoritet. I diskussionen förs resonemang om hälsosamhället som ett forskningsfält som skulle kunna berika pedagogikämnet genom att ge ett breddat underlag för såväl teori- som metodutveckling inom ämnet, samt ge viktiga bidrag till pedagogiska verksamheter i hälsosamhället genom såväl praktiknära som kritisk forskning.