bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RETALHO LATÍSSIMO DO DORSO REVERSO PARA COBERTURA DE FERIDA PROFUNDA NA COLUNA LOMBAR: RELATO DE CASO
Authors:   Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Encarnação Ferreira João Euzébio , Ettinger Sereno Daniel , de Almeida Rocha Valente Daniel , André Milcheski Dimas , Gemperli Rolf
Published: September 2022

Introdução: O retalho do músculo latíssimo do dorso tem diversas aplicações em cirurgia reconstrutiva. Mais frequentemente, ele é baseado em seu pedículo principal, para cobertura de defeitos torácicos, porém, devido a suas características anatômicas, ele pode também ser usado para cobertura de diferentes segmentos corporais, incluindo a linha média posterior. Relato do caso: Relatamos o caso de uma paciente de 78 anos, do sexo feminino que apresentava uma ferida na coluna lombar após complicação de uma neurocirurgia. Após diversas abordagens cirúrgicas sem sucesso, foi realizado um retalho do músculo latíssimo do dorso reverso para cobertura da ferida. Conclusão: O retalho grande dorsal é extremamente versátil e sua variação pediculada nas perfurantes das artérias intercostais pode ser aplicada na reconstrução dos defeitos da linha média com segurança. Palavras-chave: Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Reconstrutivos. Retalho Miocutâneo. Deiscência da Ferida Operatória
ISQUEMIA MESENTÉRICA AGUDA COMO COMPLICAÇÃO TROMBOEMBÓLICA DA COVID-19: RELATO DE TRÊS CASOS
Authors:   Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Curitiba, Thá Nassif André , Rucinski Tulio , Gomes Rota Vitoria , Rocha Ana Luiza , Bodanese Beatriz Carolina , Bernardi Wolker Felipe , Bassani Alesandra ,   Faculdades Pequeno Principe,   Universidade Positivo,   Hospital Universitário Cajuru
Published: September 2022

Introdução: A Isquemia Mesentérica Aguda (IMA) é uma emergência abdominal grave relacionada ao estado de hipercoagulabilidade causada pela COVID-19 com alta taxa de mortalidade. Presume-se que pode ocorrer como uma característica da apresentação inicial ou uma complicação tardia do COVID-19. Relato do caso: Foi realizada a análise descritiva de 3 casos de pacientes diagnosticados com COVID-19 e IMA na evolução do quadro, com diferentes abordagens diagnósticas e terapêuticas. Conclusão: A elevada morbimortalidade decorrente da IMA justifica a necessidade de alta suspeição em pacientes que apresentam dor abdominal aguda associada ao quadro de COVID-19. A angio TC deve ser realizada prontamente para que a abordagem terapêutica seja a melhor possível. Palavras-chave: COVID-19. Isquemia Mesentérica. Abdome Agudo. Tromboembolia
Invisibility, Erasure, and a Jewish Tombstone in Roman Britain
Authors: Warren Meredith J.C.
Published: September 2022

Rigorous scholarship relies on evidence. But in the case of Jews in antiquity, absence of evidence has often been taken to be evidence of absence. An abundance of caution has frequently meant the erasure of Jews from antiquity. Using the test case of a tombstone from Roman Britain, I suggest that a methodology of imagination can be helpful in making sure Jews in antiquity are not invisible.
Josephus’s Retelling of the Patriarchs’ Polygyny in a Greco-Roman Context
Authors: Sears Joshua M.
Published: September 2022

This study explores how Josephus presents the plural marriages of the patriarchs Abraham and Jacob in Antiquities of the Jews. It examines three aspects of Abraham and Jacob’s family relationships: polygyny, sexual relationships with slave women, and the status of children born to slaves. The article demonstrates that Josephus has modified the depiction of these relationships as found in Genesis, and argues that he is apologetically shaping these stories in order to better appeal to the cultural values of his Greco-Roman audience.
Optimización de sistemas mediante análisis exergonómico
Authors: Alvarez Benítez Ofir Lailani , Parrales Bahena Anilu , Huicochea Rodríguez Armando , Hernández Pérez José Alfredo , Parrales Bahena Arianna
Published: September 2022

En los últimos años, el consumo energético mundial se ha incrementado de manera considerable debido principalmente al crecimiento económico y poblacional. Como bien se sabe, la generación de la energía tanto a nivel internacional como nacional se obtiene en gran medida de la transformación de hidrocarburos (energía no renovable), como el carbón, el petróleo o el gas. El uso de estos insumos ha desencadenado, en conjunto con otras acciones, la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI), lo que a su vez ha provocado impactos negativos al medio ambiente y a la población.
Percepción ambiental en estudiantes a través de dimensiones ecológicas
Authors: Vargas Ramos Catalina , Martínez Treviño María Guadalupe
Published: September 2022

México enfrenta las consecuencias de la industrialización y la falta de conciencia de la población, por lo que el objetivo de esta investigación es conocer la percepción ambiental en estudiantes a través de dimensiones ecológicas. El instrumento consta de 12 ítems en cinco dimensiones ecológicas, la sumatoria da los niveles de percepción ambiental, la muestra fue de 88 estudiantes. En los resultados se encontró un nivel de percepción ambiental alto, en la dimensión “crisis ecológica” con el 91%.
Penerapan Pendekatan Kontekstual untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematik Siswa SMP Bina Harapan Bangsa
Authors: Sapari Adang , Zanthy Luvy Sylviana
Published: September 2022

The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of contextual approaches to the mathematical communication skills of junior high school students. The method in this research is quasi-experimental. The study was conducted at Bina Harapan Bangsa Middle School. With class VIII B stated experimental class which amounted to 30 students and class VIII C stated control class which amounted to 30 students. This research is supported by instruments that have been tested, valid and reliable. The instrument was adjusted to four indicators of mathematical communication ability with 5 items in order to get the experimental class and the control class posttest data. Data testing was performed with data processed using the SPSS 22 application for parametric statistical testing. The results of the study concluded that students' mathematical communication skills in the teaching and learning process with the use of contextual approaches were better than students with ordinary learning.
Diabetes mellitus gestacional en un hospital de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Pagotto Vanina , Posadas Martínez María Lourdes , Salzberg Susana , Pochettino Pablo Andrés
Published: September 2022

Introducción: La diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) se define como la intolerancia a la glucosa diagnosticada en el embarazo. Esta patología puede asociarse a complicaciones maternas y feto-neonatales, tanto a corto como a largo plazo. La prevalencia de DMG en Argentina (basada en el criterio diagnóstico de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Diabetes (ALAD), se estima entre 7,5-10% de las mujeres embarazadas.  Es escasa la información en Argentina sobre la incidencia de DMG. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estimar la incidencia de DMG, evaluar su tratamiento y la frecuencia de tamizaje para reclasificación postparto de la diabetes en una población de mujeres embarazadas atendidas en un hospital privado de la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Materiales y métodos: cohorte retrospectiva de embarazadas evaluadas en el Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina entre los años 2015 a 2018. Resultados: La incidencia acumulada de DMG fue 7,6 % (IC 95% 7,0-8,2). Todas las pacientes recibieron consejo nutricional (plan alimentario). Del total de embarazadas estudiadas requirieron tratamiento farmacológico 229 (39.3%); recibieron insulina 97 (16,7%) y 132 metformina (22,7%). En cuanto al seguimiento de la patología, entre las seis semanas y el año postparto realizaron tamizaje de diabetes para reclasificación 267 mujeres (45,9%). La frecuencia de tamizaje fue mayor en el grupo tratado con insulina. De las pacientes que realizaron el tamizaje, presentaron glucemia alterada en ayuno 36 mujeres (13,5%), tolerancia a la glucosa alterada 16 mujeres (6,0%) y 3 mujeres (1,1%) fueron diagnosticadas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Conclusión: la incidencia de DMG fue 7,6%. Menos de la mitad de las mujeres diagnosticadas con DMG requirió tratamiento farmacológico. La frecuencia de tamizaje de diabetes hasta el año postparto para la reclasificación similar a la reportada.
Hipoxemia, derrame pleural y pericárdico en neurolisis de nervios esplácnicos
Authors: Del Valle Juan Bautista , Maritano Furcada Joaquin , Ussher Patricio , Borensztein Matías Adrián
Published: September 2022

Introducción: La neurolisis o alcoholización de los nervios esplácnicos es una valiosa herramienta para el tratamiento del dolor visceral del abdomen superior de origen neoplásico en pacientes con mala respuesta a tratamiento por vía oral. Es un procedimiento seguro y efectivo, aunque no exento de riesgos. Sus efectos adversos más frecuentes son leves y autolimitados.
Materiales: Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 72 años con cáncer de páncreas y mal manejo del dolor pese al consumo de opioides. Se le indico neurolisis de los nervios esplácnicos bajo internación.
Resultados: Post procedimiento presentó buen manejo del dolor, sin embargo evolucionó con hipoxemia, derrame pleural bilateral y pericárdico. Se descartaron causas frecuentes de estos eventos. La paciente fue dada de alta a las 24 hs con buen manejo del dolor.
Conclusiones: El desarrollo de hipoxemia, derrame pleural bilateral y pericárdico posterior a la neurolisis de los nervios esplácnicos es una complicación infrecuente. Estos hallazgos probablemente se encuentren vinculados al efecto del alcohol.
The Production and Consumption of the Medical Care: An Economic Perspective
Authors: Corgi Study
Published: September 2022

The healthcare industry is one of the biggest and most influential in the United States as of today. Its complex structure and billion-dollar turnover facilitate the complicated relationship between medical care system and the economic environment.
Working memory is updated as part of response selection: Evidence from inter-trial interval effects in the reference-back paradigm
Authors: Verschooren Sam , Kessler Yoav
Published: September 2022

A well-supported view of working memory (WM) holds that a gate separates current WM content from other input that does not need to be maintained or manipulated. Studies using the reference-back paradigm have found that switching to an updating or to a maintenance mode, i.e., respectively opening and closing the gate, comes with a response time cost and is associated with distinctive neural activity. However, a peculiar result that remains to be explained is that the cost for gate closing is often larger than that for gate opening. Using an inter-trial interval manipulation, we provide evidence here that this larger cost is not intrinsic to gate-state switching, but rather results from the short-term encoding and removal of stimulus- and response-related information in WM, even though participants are not instructed to maintain this information. This finding indicates that WM is automatically but transiently updated with information for which attention-consuming processes such as response selection take place, contrary to previous interpretations that regard updating as costly and controlled. For this automatic stimulus-response updating, no gating mechanism is involved. However, for more robust maintenance, for example in item-to-context-binding, WM gating is still required. We integrate these findings with the burgeoning literature on intentional forgetting in WM.
Conceptions of Adulthood among Chinese Emerging Adults
Authors: Kuang Jin , Zhong Juan , Arnett Jeffrey Jensen , Hall Daniel L. , Chen Erle , Markwart Michaela , Yeung Albert , Zou Liye
Published: September 2022

With the influence of globalization, Chinese young adults transitioning to adulthood today are cultivated by both traditional Chinese values (e.g., collectivism, Confucian philosophy), as well as Western values (e.g., individualism, independence). The present study aimed to characterize emerging adults’ perception of adulthood in China today in terms of: (1) the criteria for adulthood Chinese emerging adults considered important; (2) the relationships between subjective importance of adulthood status and status as a student or nonstudent; (3) gender; and (4) residency status (rural vs urban). Chinese emerging adults aged 17 to 30 (N=7099; 69% college students; 54% female; 57% with rural residency status) completed a cross-sectional survey between October-November 2021. We found that most Chinese emerging adults feel ambivalent about their adulthood status. The findings suggest that cultural and geographical differences exist between emerging Chinese and Western young adults in their perceptions of entering adulthood. Concerning the self-perceived adulthood status and the subjective importance of criteria, several differences were found among Chinese emerging adults based on gender (male vs female), residency status (rural vs urban) and educational status (student vs non-student).
Hypothesized Drivers of the Bias Blind Spot—Cognitive Sophistication, Introspection Bias, and Conversational Processes
Authors: Mandel David R. , Collins Robert N. , Walker Alexander C. , Fugelsang Jonathan Albert , Risko Evan F.
Published: September 2022

Individuals often assess themselves as being less susceptible to common biases compared to others. This bias blind spot (BBS) is thought to represent a metacognitive error. In this research, we tested three explanations for the effect: The cognitive sophistication hypothesis posits that individuals who display the BBS more strongly are actually less biased than others. The introspection bias hypothesis posits that the BBS occurs because people rely on introspection more when assessing themselves compared to others. The conversational processes hypothesis posits that the effect is largely a consequence of the pragmatic aspects of the experimental situation rather than true metacognitive error. In two experiments (N = 1057) examining 18 social/motivational and cognitive biases, there was strong evidence of the BBS. Among the three hypotheses examined, the conversational processes hypothesis attracted the greatest support, thus raising questions about the extent to which the BBB is a metacognitive effect.
The Impact of Cognitive Reserve on Cognitive Impairment, Brain Network Pathology and Disease Trajectory in Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Gruber Marius , Klein Henrike , Mauritz Marco , de Lange Siemon C. , Grumbach Pascal , Goltermann Janik , Winter Nils Ralf , Thiel Katharina , Winter Alexandra , Flinkenflügel Kira , Borgers Tiana , Enneking Verena , Klug Melissa , Stein Frederike , Brosch Katharina , Thomas-Odenthal Florian , Wroblewski Adrian , Steinsträter Olaf , Pfarr Julia-Katharina , Evermann Ulrika , Usemann Paula , Meinert Susanne , Grotegerd Dominik , Opel Nils , Hahn Tim , Leehr Elisabeth , Bauer Jochen , Reif Andreas , Jansen Andreas , Krug Axel , Nenadic Igor , Kircher Tilo , van den Heuvel Martijn P. , Dannlowski Udo , Repple Jonathan
Published: September 2022

Background: Cognitive reserve (CR) describes the brain's ability to buffer negative effects of disease-related structural brain alterations on cognitive functioning. Here, we analyze CR in major depressive disorder (MDD) by determining its effects on cognitive impairment, its ability to moderate the association between brain network pathology and cognitive performance, and its utility in predicting future disease progression in a two-year follow-up.Methods: CR of 539 MDD patients and 549 healthy controls was estimated from educational years, occupational attainment, and verbal IQ. We examined the effect of CR on cognitive impairment using logistic regression. We tested whether CR moderates the association of magnetic resonance imaging-based structural connectome alterations and cognitive impairment. Disease course characteristics from a two-year follow-up were predicted from baseline CR, which was benchmarked against predictive effects of environmental (childhood maltreatment) and genetic (polygenetic risk for MDD) determinants of disease course.Results: Low CR was associated with increased cognitive impairment, especially in MDD patients. CR moderated the association of mean cognitive performance with connectivity strength in a network of white matter connections. Low baseline CR predicted increased duration of depressive episodes and symptom severity after two years with predictive effect sizes on par with genetic and environmental risk factors.Conclusions: CR helps to identify MDD patients at risk for debilitating cognitive impairment and worse future disease trajectory. The moderating effect of CR on the cognition-connectome association suggests CR buffers neuropathological effects in MDD. These results call for a greater appreciation of CR in personalized treatment decisions and demand research agendas dedicated to investigating potential treatments focusing on CR.
Construction and validation of a scale for assessing critical social justice attitudes
Authors: Lahtinen Oskari
Published: September 2022

Objectives: Two large studies (combined n = 5878) set out to construct and validate a scale for assessing critical social justice attitudes. Studies assessed the reliability, factor structure, model fit, and both convergent and divergent validity of the scale. Studies also examined the prevalence of critical social justice attitudes in different populations and the scale’s correlations with other variables of interest, including well-being variables: anxiety, depression, and happiness.Methods: Participants for Study 1 (n = 848) were university faculty and students, as well as non-academic adults, from Finland. Participants responded to a survey about critical social justice attitudes. 21 candidate items were devised for an initial item pool, on which factor analyses were conducted, resulting in a 10-item pilot version of Critical Social Justice Attitude Scales (CSJAS). Participants for Study 2 were a nationwide sample (n = 5030) aged 15-84 from Finland. 5 new candidate items were introduced, of which 2 were included in the final, 7-item, version of CSJAS.Results: The final CSJAS scale had high reliability ( = .87, = .88) and a good model fit (CFI = .99, TLI = .99, RMSEA = .04, SRMR = .01, 2 (14, 5024) = 132.8 (p < .001)) as well as convergent and divergent validity. Overall, the study sample rejected critical social justice propositions, with strong rejection from men. Women expressed more than twice as much support for the propositions (d = 1.20). In both studies, CSJAS was correlated with depression, anxiety, and (lack of) happiness, but not more so than being on the political left was.Conclusions: The Critical Social Justice Attitude Scale was successfully constructed and validated. It had good reliability and model fit.
Gendered Effect of Parenthood on Voting Behaviour in the 2021 German Federal Elections
Authors: Teney Céline , Dochow-Sondershaus Stephan , Lovette Forrest
Published: September 2022

The effect of parenthood on voting behaviour has been so far largely neglected in electoral research or is assumed to have a negligible effect. However, the 2021 German federal election campaign faced the politicisation of two main family- and children-related issues (i.e. COVID-19 pandemic and climate change). Based on a comparison of the 2017 and 2021 German Longitudinal Election Study, we investigate the gendered effect of parenthood on voting behaviour. Our multinomial logistic regression analysis points to a significant parenthood effect for women during the 2021 election: women with at least one child under the age of 11 have a 8 percentage point higher probability to vote for the Greens than women without underaged children at the 2021 election (controlling among other for education, age, religiosity and left-right identity). We do not find a similar effect for men. Further analyses suggest that this effect is partly due to a larger importance of climate change issues among mothers of young children. We conclude by highlighting the potential relevance of parents as electorate force when family- and children-related issues are politicised during electoral campaigns.
Study of clinical profile and outcome of patients with snake envenomation at Bheri Hospital Nepal
Authors: Mandal Rajesh Kumar , Shakya Nirmal , Risal Sanket Kumar , Goit Kuldip
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND Snake bite is a public health problem in terai and inner terai of Nepal. It is a medical emergency leading to significant morbidity and mortality every year. This study aims to find the clinical profile and outcome of snake bite envenomation patients in Bheri Hospital Nepalgunj.

METHODS This was a cross sectional, observational study from April 2021 to November 2021. Patients with history of snake bite and clinical features suggesting envenomation were enrolled in this study, their clinical data and outcome were recorded in Excel sheet and analyzed by SPSS 20.

RESULTS A total of 58 cases of snake envenomation was admitted and managed, out of which 3 cases expired with case fatality of 5.17%. Krait and cobra were the common snake bites in this region. 84.48% of the snake bites occur inside houses and more than half 53.44% of the patients were bitten between 12am to 6am. The most common features of envenomation were ptosis, blurring of vision, swallowing difficulty, dysphonia, neck muscle weakness, epigastric pain and salivation. Majority of cases 96.55% was given 10 vials of Anti snake venom (ASV). Only 4 patients 6.89% needed ventilator assistance.

CONCLUSION Mortality with snake bites can be minimized by strengthening the treatment centers and readily availability of ASV at such centers. Public awareness about snake bite, first aid, rapid transport to health facilities would be the key to success in reducing morbidity and mortality.
Solid waste generation from the hotel industry in the coastal tourism cities of Vietnam
Authors:   Centre for Supporting Green Development (GreenHub), Tran Thi Hoa , Fabres Boris ,   Centre for Supporting Green Development (GreenHub), Hoang Ngoc Ha ,   Faculty of Environmental Engineering, National University of Civil Engineering, Tran Hoai Le ,   Faculty of Environmental Engineering, National University of Civil Engineering
Published: September 2022

While the tourism and hospitality sectors in Vietnam have been rapidly developing, the increasing consumption of natural resources and production of associated waste, especially in coastal and island sites, threaten these marine areas with pollution. This study provides data on solid waste from 10 hotels in three coastal provinces of Vietnam, namely, Hai Phong, Quang Nam and Phu Yen. The results indicated significant percentages and volumes of organic waste especially from large-scale hotels with in-house food services like restaurants and bars. The proportions of organic and recyclable solid waste from all three surveyed cities ranged between 35-84% and 10-27%, respectively. Plastic waste accounted for a relatively high proportion of solid waste ranging from 27 to 60% total solid waste by volume and from 7 to 30% by weight. In particular, PET plastic made up the highest proportion of solid waste in Cat Ba town (52.41%) and Tuy Hoa city (39.81%) while single-layer plastic accounted for the highest proportion (29.55%) in Hoi An city. Plastic waste from food packaging, related to the cultural habits of guests that bring instant food items during their stay, was identified as an important issue, which reflects a valuable but presently wasted potential resource. These quantities of hotel solid waste can be recovered and provide additional environmental and health benefits to the community by not being dumped, landfilled, or openly burned.
Extramammary Paget’s Disease Arising in the Scrotum of an Elderly Male
Authors: Shaker Nada
Published: September 2022

Extramammary Paget’s disease (EMPD) is a rare form of primary or secondary intraepithelial adenocarcinoma typically presenting within the fifth through seventh decades of life. Though cases of EMPD localized to the scrotum are typically not associated with underlying malignancy, evaluation of dermal and angiolymphatic invasion in conjunction with pertinent laboratory investigations, e.g., serum CEA, is essential to rule out malignancy and metastatic disease. We present a case of EMPD in an elderly male that presented with a history of a longstanding asymptomatic scrotal lesion that was ultimately managed with excision and skin grafting.
Diabetic Foot in Algeria Illustration V – Case Report
Authors: Boudjenah Nadia
Published: September 2022

This article is a sequel to other previous articles entitled “Diabetic foot in Algeria” in which the technique is extensively described. To avoid the redundancy effect, we invite you to refer to them. In addition, in this article, we share our experience concerning a precise lesion localization of the diabetic foot.
Fluoride Adsorption from Aqueous Solution Using Natural Adsorbents Such As Centella Asiatica
Authors: Kistan A.
Published: September 2022

In this study carried out by means of photo-colorimetry using the SPANDS indicator at 620 nm to adsorb Fluoride ion from aqueous solution. The influence of pH was studied by altering the pH from 2 to 12 using a 0.1 Molar concentration of HCl & NaOH solution using 10 ppm Fluoride concentration of as an initial point a kinetic investigation was conducted at pH 6.90 0.10 at various time intervals. The adsorption isotherm was investigated at pH of 6.90 by changing the initial fluoride concentration from 5 to 50 mg / L. The skills of 4 different isotherms used such as Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Redlich-Peterson adsorption isotherms were examined. To elucidate the mechanism of fluoride adsorption on the surface of the adsorbent, the kinetic model's pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intra-particle diffusion, and Elovich models are employed to examine the current adsorption data to determine the related kinetic parameters. Lastly, the effects of a number competing for ions (Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, PO43-, Ca2+ and Mg2+) were detected using, 20 - 200 mg / L solution at pH 6.90 ± 0.10 over 1 hr. SEM, XRD, and FT-IR techniques were used to investigate the surface morphology and size distribution of the natural adsorbent for fluoride adsorption (Centella Asiatica). The impact of adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH, co-ions, initial fluoride concentration, and shaking speed Centella Asiatica was determined and clearly reported
Asthma & COPD
Authors: Alqalaf Sayed Mahmood
Published: September 2022

Asthma & COPD are the 2 major respiratory diseases that are widespread globally, though big differences between them exist in regard to their pathophysiology and treatment. The main treatment modalities for the two diseases are the inhalation routes of administration. The use of the inhalational routes of administration for the drugs used for the management of asthma and COPD is justified by many advantages such as the low effective dose, faster onset of action and lower systemic side effects. However, some advantages for these routes also exist. The major disadvantage is the technique of use, which many patients do not master even with repeated sessions of teaching by the healthcare providers. Difficulty in applying and following the correct inhalers use was found to be a major reason for patients’ non-adherence and consequently failure of the treatment plan.
Acrylic Paints Formulation
Authors: Abdel-Wahab Hebah
Published: September 2022

Paints are used to protect and prolong the life of natural and synthetic materials as it acts as a barrier against environmental conditions. Paints contain extenders, solvents, pigments, binders, and some additives. The objective is to improve some physical properties of the current matt paint formulation. The contents of acrylic white matt emulsion paint are known to be 25%Pigments, 12% Extender pigments, 5% Additives, 44% Solvents, and 14% Binders. [2]. Binders are matrices and are used to hold the pigment in place. Extenders have larger pigment particles to improve adhesion and to strengthen the film and save the binder. Pigments are used to give color and opacity to the paint. Solvent can be either organic solvent or water and is used a thinner and to dissolve paint components and make it uniform. Additives are commonly used to improve properties of the paint.
Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation of Prasugrel Hydrochloride Nanosuspensions: Its enhancement of dissolution rate and oral bioavailability
Authors: Devara Rajakumar
Published: September 2022

The objective of this study was to investigate nanosuspensions for enhancing the solubility and dissolution rate of Prasugrel HCl (PHCl) so as to reduce the fluctuations in its oral bioavailability. Prasugrel Hydrochloride nanosuspensions were prepared using evaporative precipitation method. After preparation, various nanosuspensions were characterized for particle size, scanning electron microscope (SEM), zeta potential, drug entrapment efficiency (EE), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Solubility and in-vitro release of the drug from nanoparticles are determined. The formulations were characterized using techniques such as powder x-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, in-vitro dissolution and in-vivo absorption in rats. The dissolution rate and oral absorption of Prasugrel Hydrochloride in the form of nanosuspensions was significantly higher than that of oral suspension and pure drug. All the techniques investigated in this study can be used to enhance dissolution rate and oral absorption of prasugrel hydrochloride and thus can reduce the fluctuations in its oral bioavailability. Nanosuspensions demonstrated to be better and superior technique when compared to other techniques investigated in enhancing oral bioavailability of Prasugrel Hydrochloride. Prasugrel hydrochloride nanosuspension was successfully developed using and the bioavailability is 4 folds increased than its pure drug.
Assessment of Ricinus Communis Ml Crude Extracts Towards Urinary Tract Infection Strains with Their Associated Ailments
Authors: O. Anthony Ochieng
Published: September 2022

Cases of synergic Urinary Tract Infections with its associated ailments has become a menace. Due to its high costs of treatment, unavailability of relevant antibiotics, misdiagnosis and recurrence, most patients within Africa Sub-Sahara regions prefer ethnopharmacological ways of taking boiled and sieved liquid concoction made from mature leaves (ML) of ricinus communis to clear the urinary tract system from these microbes with their associated ailments. Crude extracts of methanol, chloroform, hexane, and Diethylether prepared from ricinus communis dried powered mature leaves were subjected to phytochemical screening, antibacterial, GC/MS and antioxidant assays. Crude methanolic and chloroform extracts prepared from a mixture of coarsely powdered dried twigs and mature leaves were evaluated for cytotoxic activity on cancer cell line (HCT-116 and K-562). Antibacterial assay of the crude extracts reveals recommendable range of values categorized as moderate and high sensitive with respect to the standard measure. Methanol extract exhibited antibacterial activities against all gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial species while diethylether extract showed its potency against the gram-positive staph only among escherichia, klebsiella and pseudomonas species. Chloroform, diethylether and hexane crude extracts proven to be inert against pseudomonas strain. Highest scavenging capacity range obtained is 60.38 ± 0.034 percent while the lowest cytotoxicity range is 20.18 ± 1.37 μg/ml-1revealing the medicinal value and safeness of the plant extract. Phytochemical analysis and GC/MS results revealed the presence of phytoconstituents and museum of bioactive agents with antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiarrheal, antimutagenic and anti-oxidant properties thus ascertaining its efficacy towards the infection with associated ailments.
Proposed Pathogenesis for a Subgroup of Patients with Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Authors: Gharagozloo Farid
Published: September 2022

Most patients with Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) have upper extremity pain and paresthesia with normal neurologic examination and objective tests. The purpose of this study was to determine the pathologic nature of the resected first ribs in a subgroup of patients TOS who experienced resolution of symptoms postoperatively. Methods: In a retrospective study, we compared normal human cadaver first ribs (control, C) with first ribs from patients with proven NTOS (N). Ribs were examined for anatomic features. Preoperative and postoperative dynamic Magnetic Resonance Angiograms (MRA) of the affected and contralateral upper extremities were examined. Results: There were 41 first ribs from patients with DNTOS and 12 normal first ribs from human cadavers. In all patients (100%) with DNTOS there was a bony tubercle which corresponded to the area of subclavian vein groove in the normal ribs. Conclusion: A bony tubercle at the site of the subclavian vein groove in patients with DNTOS may be the pathologic entity which causes extrinsic compression of the subclavian vein at rest. The neurologic symptoms resolve following disarticulation and resection of the medial aspect of the first rib. In a subgroup of patients, NTOS may be the manifestation of venous ischemia of the nerves of the upper extremity as opposed to nerve compression. Type of Research: Single-center retrospective cohort study. Key Findings: A bony tubercle at the site of the subclavian vein groove in a subgroup of patients affected with DNTOS is the pathologic entity which causes extrinsic compression of the subclavian vein at rest. In these patients the neurologic symptoms resolve following disarticulation and resection of the medial aspect of the first rib. Take Home Message: A subgroup of patients with Disputed Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome may have neurologic symptoms caused by venous ischemia of the upper extremity which is caused by extrinsic compression of the subclavian vein by a bony tubercle on the first rib at the costo-sternal joint. Table of Content Summary: This retrospective study compared normal human cadaver first ribs with first ribs from patients with proven NTOS (N). Proof of NTOS was symptom resolution following resection of the medial aspect of the first rib. The study suggests that in a subgroup of patients with Disputed Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome, neurologic symptoms caused by venous ischemia of the upper extremity which is caused by extrinsic compression of the subclavian vein by a bony tubercle on the first rib at the costo-sternal joint
Distal Ulna Giant Cell Tumor: A Case Report
Authors: Desouza Clevio
Published: September 2022

Introduction:Long bone giant cell tumors have been documented in the literature in a large number of cases. A patient with a large giant cell tumor in the distal ulna is described. With a reported prevalence of 0.5 to 6%, this is extremely rare. Case Presentation:A 16-year-old male presented to the orthopedic OPD with pain and swelling in the wrist. A diagnosis of distal ulna giant cell tumor was made after a histological examination. Intralesional curettage, phenol treatment, and bone grafting were used to treat the malignancy. Conclusion:If a giant cell tumor is detected early and treated aggressively, it has an excellent prognosis. It is critical to be aware of unusual cancer localizations in order to make an accurate diagnosis.
Border crime in the aspect of the hybrid war between Belarus and Poland
Authors: Konieczny Marcin
Published: September 2022

This article analyzes the issues of border crime in the context of the hybridwar between Belarus and Poland. The work began with an explanation of itsgoals, hypotheses or adopted research tools. The research questions posed inthe work are also discussed here. The second chapter of the article presentsthe history of relations between Poland and Belarus. The years before theFirst World War were assumed to be the starting point for the analysis. Boththe time of the Duchy of Poland and the moment given by the sources as thebeginning of the formation of the ethnic identity of Belarusians are consideredhere. The next stage was to discuss the times of the partition of Poland andthe Second World War. The section ends with a description of the post-warperiod and the contemporary situation of Poland and Belarus. The next chapter analyzes the current events taking place on the Polish-Belarusian border.It primarily includes media reports on Belarus’ activities in the field of bringing illegal immigrants, as well as conducting political activities between Poland,the European Union, Belarus, and Russia. The analysis was completed byexamining the issue of crime on the border between Belarus and Poland. Thestudy was summarized in terms of reference to the achievements of the work,including the achievement of its goals and assumptions. The main conclusionof the research is the assessment of the conflict between the two countries,which destroys mutual relations. Unfair diplomatic steps, as well as disinformation actions, silently but effectively cause an attack on the opponent for thebenefit of the attacker.
Odrzucenie zażalenia w świetle ustawy z dnia 4 lipca 2019 r. o zmianie ustawy Kodeks postępowania cywilnego oraz niektórych innych ustaw – wybrane zagadnienia
Authors: Szczechowicz Jarosław Adam
Published: September 2022

Ustawą z dnia 4 lipca 2019 r. o zmianie ustawy Kodeks postępowania cywilnego oraz niektórych innych ustaw wprowadzono szereg zmian w procedurze cywilnej, w tym sposobie uzasadniania, doręczania oraz zaskarżania orzeczeń sądowych wydanych zarówno na posiedzeniu jawnym, jak i niejawnym. Celem publikacji jest wskazanie skutków tych zmian w zakresie obejmującym zasady wnoszenia środków odwoławczych w świetle orzecznictwa Sądu Najwyższego. Z dokonanej przez autora analizy orzecznictwa wynika, że zarówno co do apelacji, jak i zażalenia przyjęto, że termin do wniesienia tych środków odwoławczych otwiera się od doręczenia wyroku lub postanowienia z uzasadnieniem, chyba że - w przypadku zażalenia - wydając postanowienie sąd odstąpił od jego uzasadnienia (art. 369 § 1 i art. 394 § 2 k.p.c.). Równocześnie zmodyfikowano reguły sporządzania uzasadnienia wyroku i postanowienia, uzależniając w obu przypadkach sporządzenie i doręczenie uzasadnienia od żądania strony (art. 328 § 1 i art. 357 § 21 k.p.c.). W rezultacie za zasadę uznano niedopuszczalność bezpośredniego wnoszenia środków odwoławczych, tj. z pominięciem uprzedniego złożenia wniosku o sporządzenie uzasadnienia i doręczenie orzeczenia z uzasadnieniem.
Nadzór i sądowa kontrola działalności uchwałodawczej organów samorządu zawodów medycznych
Authors: Dytko Jan
Published: September 2022

Substantive decentralization is the entrusting of public authority to autonomous entities based on a criterion other than territorial affiliation. Thebasic form of substantive decentralization is the self-government of the professions of public trust. Such self-governments include, among others, self-governments of medical professions – the self-government of pharmacists, doctors,nurses and midwives, laboratory diagnosticians, physiotherapists, and psychologists.The self-governing bodies of the medical professions perform their tasksthrough the organs which, within the framework of the powers granted tothem by the law, conduct the legislative activity. The resolutions of the self-government bodies are passed with a simple majority of votes in the presence ofat least half the members of the body. Resolutions are subject to the supervisionof the Minister of Health, except for the self-government of psychologists, forwhich the legislator has not provided for supervisory interference. The onlymeans of supervision available to the Minister of Health is to appeal a reso lution of a self-government body to the Supreme Court. As part of the judicialreview of the resolution-making activity of the self-governing bodies of themedical professions, the Supreme Court may uphold a resolution if it followsthe law or repeals it if it is contrary to the law. If a resolution is overturned,the Supreme Court, except for the apothecaries’ and laboratory diagnosticians’self-governments, refers the case for reconsideration, indicating guidelines tothe self-government body as to how the case should be resolved. The SupremeCourt acts in a non-procedural mode. The Supreme Court does not reviewresolutions adopted in individual cases of corporate members.The subject of this study is focused on the analysis of the scope of supervisory interference and judicial control of the normative activity of the self-government of the medical profession. Thus, with the exclusion of those resolutionsof self-governing bodies which resolve individual cases of members of the corporation.
SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF NITROGEN-CONTAINING HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS: A REVIEW
Authors: Depa Navaneetha , Erothu Harikrishna
Published: September 2022

Heterocyclic chemistry has a broad spectrum of applications in our day-to-day life. Heterocyclic compounds contain hetero atoms like oxygen, nitrogen, and sulphur in their structure. Among these atoms, a wide variety of heterocyclic moieties with nitrogen as hetero atoms have considerable physiological properties and useful medical applications. Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds are considered a significant category due to their broad therapeutic applications like antibacterial, antimalarial, anticancer, antifungal, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, etc., this review article focuses on novel moieties of indole, pyrazole, and triazole compounds and its biological importance
INFLUENCE OF MATURITY STAGE ON TRYPTOPHAN, PHENOLIC, FLAVONOID, AND ANTHOCYANIN CONTENT, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF Morus alba L. FRUIT
Authors: C. Yongram  , P. Panyatip  , P. Siriparu  , J. Ratha  , B. Sungthong  , S. Tadtong  , P. Puthongking
Published: September 2022

Mulberry (Morus alba L.) fruits have been suggested to be a good nutritional source of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, which can provide health benefits. However, limited studies have addressed how changes in health promotion compounds and mulberry fruit quality are affected by harvest season. Therefore, phytochemical profiles of mulberry fruit at different maturity stages were determined by liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Mulberry fruit extracts were also analyzed for their antioxidant potential and total phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents. The results established that purple fruit had the highest total phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents (608.87±8.07 mg GAE/g DW, 11.39±0.17 mg GAE/g DW, and 22.04±0.54 mg/ 100 g DW, respectively). Purple fruit also exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity in DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Quantitative analysis by LC-MS/MS revealed that purple fruit had the highest cyanidin-3- O-glucoside, rutin, gentisic acid, protocatechuic acid, and gallic acid contents, whereas green fruit had the highest caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and tryptophan contents. Our result suggests that later developmental stages of mulberry fruit have increased phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents, and antioxidant capacity while tryptophan content was high in both green and purple mulberry fruits.
Н-тип артеріальної гіпертензії: зв’язок з атеросклерозом сонних артерій
Authors: Rekovets O. L. , Sirenko Yu. M. , Torbas O. O. , Kushnir S. M.
Published: September 2022

The aim – determination of the relationship between arterial hypertension (AH) and hyperhomocysteinemia (H-Hcy) with the presence of atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid arteries.Materials and methods. Our research was carried out within the framework of the study HIPSTER in Ukraine. The study included 40 patients with I and II degrees of hypertension (average office systolic (SBP) / diastolic (DBP) BP – 155.88/92.60±1.63/1.43 mm Hg). The average age of the patients was 55.85±2.09 years. Patients with homocystein level ≥ 10 μmol/L were defined as patients with H-Hcy (H-type AH). The stiffness of blood vessels was determined by PWV. Patients were examined at the beginning, after 6 months of treatment. Determination of the presence of atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries was detected at the beginning and after 12 months.Results and discussion. We found that office blood pressure in patients with H-type hypertension at the beginning and after 6 months of treatment was higher compared to patients without hypertension (156.45±1.04 mm Hg vs. 152.55±1.41 mm Hg at the beginning (p<0.05) and 130.65±0.96 mm Hg versus 126.97±1.08 mm Hg after 6 months (p<0,05)). Patients with H-type AH compared to patients without H-Hcy had a more insulin resistance (HOMA index 4.27±0.18 vs. 3.20±0.24 units, p<0.05). Atherosclerotic plaques in carotid arteries were found in 56.7 % (n=17) of patients with H-type hypertension and in 40.0 % (n=4) of patients with hypertension without H-Hcy (p<0.05 between groups). Patients with H-type AH had a higher prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis – atherosclerotic plaque area measured by NASCET was 43.4 % vs. 26.7 %, p<0.05, and was greater than in patients with AH without H-Hcy. 3 patients (10.0 %) with H-type AH developed new atherosclerotic plaques after 12 months, and no patients from the AH group without H-Hcy. After regression analysis, homocysteine ​ was associated with PWV regardless of the reduction of blood pressure on the therapy, as well as with the level of LDL cholesterol and the presence of atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid arteries. Homocysteine ​​was associated with PWVel after treatment (β=0.307, р=0.001), LDL cholesterol level before treatment (β=–1.501, р=0.017), and the presence of atherosclerotic of plaques in carotid arteries after treatment (β=5.236, р=0.031).Conclusions. H-type of arterial hypertension was associated with the presence of atherosclerotic plaques of the carotid arteries.