bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical and neurological features of the development of children with critical and non-critical cyanotic congenital heart defects after surgical treatment
Authors:   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Martyniuk V.Yu. ,   State Institution "Ukrainian Medical Center for the Rehabilitation of Children with Organic Neurological Disorders of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine", Kyiv, Fedushka H.М. ,   Shupyk National University of Healthcare of Ukraine, Kyiv,   National Children's Specialized Hospital "OHMATDYT", Kyiv, Ukraine, Stohova О.V. ,   State University "Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Children's Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine", Kyiv
Published: August 2024

Aim - to investigate neurological disorders in children with critical and non-critical cyanotic congenital heart defects (CCHD) after surgical treatment. Materials and methods. 62 patients from 0 to 3 years old were examined with CCHD. All children were divided into 2 groups: the Group 1 (31 children) with critical CCHD and the Group 2 (31 children) with non-critical CCHD. The Control group consisted of 35 healthy patients. The main methods of assessing neurological status: Hammersmith neurological examination of infants, Munich functional diagnosis of child development, assessment of general movements of infants according to the Prechtl method. Statistical evaluation of the data was carried out using the licensed statistical package “Stata 12.1”. Results. In the Group 1, neurodevelopmental disorders were diagnosed in 29% of all 62 children with CCHD: delayed stato-motor development - 15%, delayed speech development - 7% and others. In the Group 2, neurodevelopmental disorders were diagnosed in 24% of all 62 children with CCHD: delayed stato-motor development - 16%, delayed speech development - 3% and others. Groups of children with impaired and normal neurodevelopment were homogeneous in terms of gestational age and body weight. In the case of neurodevelopmental disorders, a lower Apgar score and an increase in the duration of artificial blood circulation were noted. Conclusions. The use of the Hammersmith neurological examination of infants, the Munich functional diagnosis of child development, the assessment of the general movements of newborns and infants according to the Prechtl method is one of the most valid methods. Neurological disorders were characterized by a rather wide spectrum, the main part of which was a delay in stato-motor development. In children with critical CCHD, a more severe condition was noted at birth, which is probably one of the reasons for the formation of neuropsychological disorders. Children with CCHD need to follow the neurodevelopmental assessment algorithm, taking into account the terms of surgical treatment for the timely development of an individual rehabilitation program. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of all institutions mentioned in the work. Informed consent of parents was obtained for conducting research. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Penyuluhan Pencegahan Stunting Di Desa Cibugel Kabupaten Sumedang
Authors: Renata Mira , Asmarandani Heryadi Putri  , Rifqi  , Della Harlia Putri
Published: August 2024

This community service activity aims to increase community knowledge and understanding in preventing stunting. The service method is carried out through counseling to provide information regarding stunting prevention. In this counseling, situation analysis is carried out, pre-tests and post-tests are given to assess the knowledge of the counseling participants. The sample from this counseling consisted of 40 mothers who had babies and toddlers. The results of this outreach show an increase in mothers' knowledge regarding stunting prevention before and after receiving outreach information regarding stunting prevention.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Digital
Authors: Genik Puji Yuhanda  , Muhibudin Wijaya Laksana
Published: August 2024

Digital community empowerment has become an increasingly important topic in the current era of digitalization. In this scientific article, we conduct a literature review to explain the concept, challenges and benefits of digital community empowerment. We analyzed various related articles, books and reports published in recent years to present a comprehensive picture of how digital societal empowerment can be realized and measured. We also discuss the role of information and communications technology (ICT) in increasing community empowerment, as well as the social, economic and political implications of this phenomenon.
Professional Jurisdiction: an Exploration of the Police Experiences in Taking Indigenous Witness Statements
Authors: Zikalala Nomsa Ingrid , Mofokeng Jacob Tseko , Zenzile Enoch , Motseki Moses Morero
Published: August 2024

Research shows that the inaccurate translation of indigenous witness statements is a global phenomenon. This study was conducted to gain a better understanding of this phenomenon by exploring the experiences of South African Police Service (SAPS) members in taking indigenous witness statements. Using a qualitative method, interview schedules were administered to eighteen (18) SAPS members from nine Community Service Centres (CSC) in a township in the Gauteng province. Ethical considerations and measures of trustworthiness were applied to the study. Data were analyzed using Atlas.ti. The results showed that a majority of SAPS members reported there were no translators stationed at the designated CSCs, so they collaborated with colleagues to transcribe the indigenous witness statements into English. Five dominant themes emerged from the most regularly repeated responses: "skills," "collaboration," "resources," "duration," and "language." The Theory of Performance (ToP) was used to articulate these themes. Findings indicated that the SAPS members' levels of performance were influenced by their skills, available resources, time, and their collaboration in overcoming language challenges when transcribing indigenous witness statements. The conclusion drawn from this study is that the lack of translators at CSCs impacts the accuracy of indigenous witness statement translations, which is mitigated by the collaboration and skills of SAPS members. This research contributes to understanding the challenges faced in the translation process of indigenous witness statements and highlights the importance of providing adequate resources and training to improve police performance in this context.
Vitamin D Sufficiency and Its Relationship with Indicators of Physical Development and the State of Bone Tissue in Cadets of a Military Higher Educational Institution
Authors: Kryukov Evgeny V. , Lesnyak Olga M. , Aganov Dmitry S. , Toporkov Mikhail M. , Ovchinnikov Dmitry V. , Semenov Alexey А. , Anokhin Dmitry Yu. , Komarov Nikolay N.
Published: August 2024

Background. In conditions of low insolation, which is typical for the northern regions of the Russian Federation, manifestations of low vitamin D availability often occur latently and for a long time unrecognized. This problem is especially relevant in young people, due to the failure to reach peak bone mass, which later determines the bone mineral density.
Aims — to determine the prevalence of deficiency and insufficient supply of 25(OH)D in blood serum in the spring, their impact on the indicators of physical development and bone mineral density among cadets of a military higher educational institutions.
Methods. We examined 198 cadets, studying in the first and fourth years of military higher educational institutions in St. Petersburg at the age of 17–25 years. As part of the study, a study of 25(OH)D in blood serum was performed, bone mineral density, muscle strength, anthropometric data, and body composition were additionally determined. The study was conducted in March–May 2023.
Results. The optimal content of 25(OH)D was found only in 22 (11.1%) cadets, while the most pronounced deficiency was registered in boys of fourth of study. It was established that the 25(OH)D level of first year cadets, who arrived from the southern regions of the Russian Federation (21.6 (18.1; 26.3) ng/ ml), was significantly different from the content of 25(OH)D in cadets who arrived from the middle zone (Me 18.7 (16.4; 21.4) ng/ml) (p = 0.017) and northern regions of the Russian Federation (Me 15.2 (13.6; 19.3) ng/ml) (p = 0.022). A decrease in the Z-criterion ≤ –2.0 SD was noted among cadets, mainly in the first year. It was revealed that muscle and fat mass were higher in fourth year boys, however, their muscle strength was not statistically significantly different from that of first year and muscle strength indicators did not depend on the availability of 25(OH)D. Increasing BMI was associated with higher muscle mass (p = 0.0004) and fat mass (p = 0.0006), with muscle strength (p = 0.026) and physical fitness performance (p = 0.012) among cadets with increasing BMI were significantly better compared to cadets who had an optimal BMI.
Conclusions. The results obtained indicate that cadets of a military higher educational institutions of St. Petersburg experience 25(OH)D deficiency and insufficiency, against the background of increased physical activity and prolonged stay in conditions of reduced insolation. This fact indicates the need to correct vitamin D hypovitaminosis in order to prevent osteopenic syndrome and improve physical performance.
Alcohol and Teenagers. The Main Trends in Alcohol Consumption by Adolescents at the Beginning of the 21st Century
Authors: Skvortsova Elena S. , Lushkina Нина P.
Published: August 2024

Background. Alcohol consumption (alcoholism) is one of the most common health risk factors, usually originating in adolescence.
Aims — to identify the main trends and features of alcoholization of Russian teenage schoolchildren at the beginning of the 21st century.
Methods. The Center for Monitoring Bad Habits among Children and Adolescents of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “CNIIOIZ” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation studied alcoholism among schoolchildren aged 15–17 years as part of monitoring for the period from 1999–2000 to 2019–2020. When forming the sample, a multi-stage selection was used: from typological and random to a continuous anonymous questionnaire. In 1999–2000, 12 912 urban teenagers (5939 boys and 6973 girls) were interviewed, in 2010–2011 — 15 323 teenagers (6961 boys and 8362 girls) and in 2019–2020 — 14 084 teenagers (6535 boys and 7549 girls). Statistical development of the materials was carried out using the computer program AnkProc (“Risk Factors”) and included obtaining absolute and relative indicators, calculating the correlation coefficient and statistical significance of differences using the nonparametric Pearson criterion χ2.
Results. During the period under review, the prevalence of alcoholism decreased 2.2 times among boys, 1.8 times among girls and amounted to 37.0 out of 100 boys and 49.0 out of 100 girls, respectively, in 2019–2020. Simultaneously with the reduction in the prevalence of alcoholism, the prevalence of frequent alcohol consumption among both boys and girls decreased, and amounted to 6.7 out of 100 among boys and 7.8 out of 100 adolescents of the corresponding age and gender in 2019–2020. Reduced: uncontrolled alcohol consumption “with friends for company” and the intensity of alcohol addiction almost 2 times compared to 1999–2000. The most commonly consumed alcoholic beverage among boys is beer, and among girls — champagne. The age-related structure of adolescents’ involvement in alcohol has not changed during the period under review. The peak of alcohol addiction among boys and girls lasted from the age group of 13–14 years to the age group of 15–16 years and began to occur in the age group of 13–16 years.
Conclusions. For 20 years of the 21st century, there was a statistically significant reduction in alcohol consumption among urban teenagers in Russia.
Analysis of Risk Factors for Development of Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome in Surgical Treatment of Spine Deformities in Children
Authors: Vissarionov Sergey V. , Khusainov Nikita O. , Kokushin Dmitry N. , Filippova Alexandra N. , Asadulaev Marat S.
Published: August 2024

Background. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a serious, potentially fatal complication that can be reversed by spinal deformity surgery. The protocol describes no more than 400 cases, and the risk factors for this development are clearly not known.
Aims — analysis of the results of CT angiography of the abdominal aorta in patients with severe scoliotic spinal deformity to identify risk factors for the development of superior mesenteric artery syndrome.
Methods. At the Department of Spinal Pathology and Neurosurgery of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “National Medical Research Center for Pediatric Traumatology and Orthopedics named after G.I. Turner” of the Ministry of Health of Russia CT angiography of the abdominal aorta in 13 pediatric patients with severe scoliotic deformities of the spine was performed. The direction of the SMA branch from the aorta, the aortomesenteric angle and the distance between the anterior wall of the aorta and the posterior wall of the SMA at the level of the duodenum (DU) were determined. If the values of the last two parameters deviated from the norm, patients underwent videogastroduodenoscopy to assess the condition of the duodenum and the patency of its subbulb part.
Results. In 4 patients branch a. mesenterica superior was left-sided, in 3 of these patients, when performing videogastroduodenoscopy, signs of compression of the extra-bulbular region from the outside were revealed — 1 patient developed SMA syndrome in the post-op period, which required drainage intervention on the intestine. When conducting a more thorough assessment of MSCT data, it was found that in the presence of severe deformity of the spinal column, infringement of the horizontal portion of the duodenum can occur between a. mesenterica superior and the ventral surface of the vertebral bodies. In a number of patients with a decrease in the aortomesenteric angle, compression of the duodenum was not observed due to its lower location and the increased distance between the anterior wall of the aorta and the posterior wall of the SMA at this level.
Conclusions. Possible risk factors for the development of SMA syndrome include the left-sided direction of branch a. mesenterica superior from the aorta. In some cases, in patients with clinical signs of SMA syndrome, infringement of the horizontal portion of the duodenum may occur between a. mesenterica superior and the spinal column, and not the aorta. The traditional method of measuring the aortomesenteric distance is not always correct — in patients with spinal deformity and clinical signs of SMA syndrome, due to the presence of changes in the spatial position of the internal organs, this distance must be measured at the level of the horizontal portion of the duodenum.
Pharmacological Regulation Possibilities of HIF for Its’ Mediated Pathologies in Clinical Practice
Authors: Novikov Vasiliy E. , Levchenkova Olga S.
Published: August 2024

The review is devoted to the experimental and clinical data analysis about the effectiveness and safety of drugs whose main target is the hypoxia-inducible factor HIF. The use of HIF inhibitors continues to be widely researched and is trying to enter practice in the treatment of cancers, such as the HIF-2α inhibitor belzutifan, which is approved for treatment of cancers associated with von Hippel–Lindau disease (VHL). HIF stabilizers can initiate preconditioning and be used in acute predictable myocardial or cerebral ischemia (during cardiac or vascular surgery). Long-term administration of some of them, in particular prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors, in the treatment of renal anemia cannot exclude the activation of neoangiogenesis, which is associated with the risk of pro-oncogenic effect as well as an increased risk of thrombosis and cardiovascular events.
Estradiol Level as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Endpoints in Men: A Systematic Review
Authors: Orlova Iana A. , Sorokin Egor D. , Pavlova Zukhra Sh. , Plisyuk Alina G. , Kamalov Armais A.
Published: August 2024

Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of higher mortality of middle-aged and elderly males in comparison to women. Sex hormones action on cardiovascular system is the most likely explanation of this differences. Nevertheless, estradiol and cardiovascular disease relationship is still unclear. The authors conducted a systematic review to identify the association of endogenous estradiol with cardiovascular endpoints in men. Articles were identified by a MedLine search (1961 — July 2023) and citation tracking. No evidence synthesis was conducted. 24 eligible articles were found. In 10 studies no association of sex hormones and endpoints was found. In 7 studies there was an association of testosterone and endpoints, but no significant results for estradiol. 7 studies have reported significant association of estradiol and cardiovascular endpoints. Inconsistency in evidence is significantly influenced by differences between studies in patient age, follow-up, researched endpoints and quality of estradiol essay. Over 40% of published studies, that researched the association of estradiol and death, found such a link. However, existing body of literature is largely heterogenous and doesn’t provide definite evidence for a pronounced net effect of estradiol on cardiovascular health in general men population. The present systematic review hints, that endogenous estradiol could be linked with cardiovascular risks in white men of young and middle age.
hPSC Passaging and Propagation on laminin521 v1
Authors: Croft Gist , Tipon Regine , Sawarkar Niraj , Benjamin Sigi
Published: August 2024

hPSC Passaging and propagation using Laminin521 and EDTA. Laminin actively supports survival, prevents spontaneous differentiation, and increases plating efficiency, thus net expansion, and enables 100% confluent single cell layer epithelial monolayer culture. EDTA-based (Gentle Cell Dissociation Reagent) minimizes stress and enhances viability. Cell lines require little or no adaptation.
“Lunfardo y bruto son la misma cosa”: un análisis de la psicopatologización del lunfardo en los estudios de Francisco De Veyga
Authors:   CONICET, Molinari Victoria
Published: August 2024

Este trabajo analiza la concepción de lunfardo como una categoría criminal específica presentada por el médico Francisco De Veyga en Buenos Aires a comienzos del siglo XX. Se trabaja sobre el uso de las categorías de idiota e imbécil para la explicación del lunfardo en lugar de referirse a una masa criminal amorfa solamente identificada por el uso de un argot criminal. A partir del estudio teórico de los escritos de De Veyga se pone de relieve el problema de la determinación de la pena para individuos con baja capacidad intelectual, para los que se proponía la reclusión de por vida y la pérdida de capacidades civiles dentro o fuera de las instituciones asilares o carcelarias.
Reducciones y luchas por las tierras. Surgimiento de los pueblos indígenas de Huamanga (virreinato del Perú, siglo XVI)
Authors:   Universidad Nacional San Cristóbal de Huamanga, Quichua Chaico David
Published: August 2024

Esta investigación analiza el proceso de las reducciones en Huamanga, la respuesta de los indígenas y los problemas que generó. Mediante documentos inéditos proponemos que las reducciones fue un proceso flexible y complejo que no solo consistió en los traslados poblacionales. Por el contrario, los indígenas participaron en el proceso de las reducciones: los de Manchiri se mantuvieron en su problado prehispánico, los de Lucanamarca retornaron a su antiguo poblado y los Lucanas de Carapo al abandonar la primera reducción volvieron a sus antiguas tierras y fundaron un nuevo pueblo. Asimismo, con las reducciones, los indígenas obtuvieron tierras comunales y tuvieron la capacidad de defender en prolongados litigios.
Sebastián Hincapié Rojas. De acusados a acusadores. Una historia de los consejos de guerra verbales en Colombia, 1969-1982. Medellín: Fondo Editorial FCSH, 2020, 190 pp.
Authors:   Western Washington University, López-Pedreros A. Ricardo
Published: August 2024

El libro de Sebastián Hincapié Rojas es una historia social del delito político en Colombia en la década de 1970. Es un esfuerzo por historizar las luchas, las ideologías, los intereses, los significados y las prácticas que moldearon —y materializaron— los Consejos de GuerraVerbales (CGV) en un contexto de fuerte radicalización y lucha política.
Control, conjura y delación. La participación militar y estudiantil del estado de Hidalgo, México en el movimiento de 1968
Authors:   Universidad Pedagógica Nacional de México, Cruz Beltrán José Eduardo
Published: August 2024

Los estudios sobre los movimientos estudiantiles latinoamericanos abrieron paso a sus especificidades regionales para atender países poco estudiados y para explorar procesos en las entidades y provincias. Este artículo analiza la presencia del estado mexicano de Hidalgo en los sucesos de 1968, a través de la participación de estudiantes, líderes estudiantiles de la universidad estatal, y la actuación de hidalguenses en el movimiento. Se concluye que Hidalgo permaneció al margen de los acontecimientos de la capital, y las organizaciones estudiantiles mantuvieron en relativa calma las instituciones a cambio de prebendas académicas y políticas otorgadas por las autoridades gubernamentales y universitarias.
Activismos estudiantiles contemporáneos en el Perú: los intentos de reconstitución gremial en la Universidad de San Marcos (2000-2008)
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Sánchez de la Cruz Alcides Daniel , Ponte Bermudes Lina Isabel ,   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
Published: August 2024

Este artículo se propone abordar los intentos de reconstitución gremial que impulsaron un conjunto de activismos estudiantiles en la Universidad de San Marcos. Para tal fin, se describirá el resurgimiento de la actividad estudiantil luego de la intervención gubernamental y los diversos ciclos de protestas vividos en la escena universitaria desde el 2001 hasta el 2008. En relación con ello se evidencia que la reactivación gremial obtuvo impulso con la caída del régimen de Fujimori, no obstante, fue intermitente teniendo principalmente una capacidad defensiva más que propositiva y expresando cierto radicalismo contra los intentos de implementación de políticas privatistas.
Trust in the Machine
Authors:   , Leffew Barry Anderson , Gefen David , Anandarajan Murugan
Published: August 2024

Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into digital automation technologies is revolutionizing numerous industries and business models. This research focuses on AI's role in creating digital workers for tax advice while exploring the differences and similarities of interacting with an AI digital worker compared to a human CPA. Digital workers, enabled by AI, are poised to significantly impact the white-collar workforce, particularly in automating routine tasks and enhancing efficiency in areas like financial advice, healthcare, and customer service. Advancements in AI, notably in large language models like ChatGPT, have opened new avenues for applications such as chatbots and virtual assistants. These AI-driven digital workers utilize technologies like Robotic Process Automation (RPA) and analytics, automating business functions and augmenting human interaction. Digital worker automation, combining conversational intelligence and RPA, works alongside employees, understanding and responding to commands. These workers represent metaverse-based extensions of digital assistants like Amazon's Alexa and Apple's Siri. The technology enabling digital workers is rapidly progressing, creating significant market opportunities and potentially disrupting white-collar job roles. A critical aspect of this research is understanding the factors influencing customers' willingness to share sensitive information with AI-driven digital workers compared to human experts. The study examines the broader adoption and utilization of digital workers, considering demographic factors and their impact on technology adoption. Theoretical frameworks like the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) are used to analyze trust in digital workers. The study also explores the impact of perceived anthropomorphism, intelligence, and animacy on AI adoption and the level of technostress experienced by users. In summary, this research provides insights into the potential and challenges of employing AI-driven digital workers in specialized fields like tax advice. It aims to extend an understanding of how digital worker technology can be adopted and utilized effectively, studying both benefits and limitations.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN KEBUGARAN JASMANI BERBENTUK BUKU AJAR DAN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS X FASE E MA’HAD DARUL HIKMAH MAN 1 KOTA MALANG
Authors: Purnomo Triatmo Joko , Adi Sapto , Darmawan Arief
Published: August 2024

Penelitian bertujuan mengembangkan produk buku ajar dan multimedia interaktif kebugaran jasmani. Model ADDIE dengan 5 tahapan: analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi dan evaluasi. Validasi ahli materi buku ajar 95%, ahli media 91,66%, dan ahli pembelajaran didapat 92,50%, pada validasi multimedia interaktif yaitu ahli materi didapatkan 91,25%, ahli media 90% serta ahli pembelajaran 90%. Uji coba kelompok kecil buku ajar kelayakan didapat 81,25% dan kelompok besar 93,94%. Multimedia interaktif diimplemtasikan uji efektivitas kelompok kecil nilai 0,001 < α 0,05 untuk kelompok besar sebesar 0,000 < α 0,05. Efisiensi kelompok kecil selisih 1 menit 25 detik dan kelompok besar selisih 3 menit 25 detik. Daya tarik kelompok kecil 91,25% sedangkan kelompok besar 92,83%. Demikian bahwa buku ajar sangat layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Multimedia interaktif efektif mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar, efisien dalam penggunaan, dan sangat menarik sehingga sangat layak untuk digunakan.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR PEMBELAJARAN PJOK MATERI LEMPAR BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF ARTICULATE STORYLINE PADA SISWA KELAS VII
Authors: Firdaus Muhammad Anwar , Nurrochmah Siti , Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: August 2024

The purpose of writing this development research is to develop PJOK teaching materials, interactive multimedia-based throwing material, articulate storyline for class VII students at MTs Negeri Tulungagung, presenting clarity, interest, convenience and usefulness of content as a medium for learning throwing movements which previously was done only when children wanted to move with limited study hours. limited. The "ADDIE" development research model uses five stages, analyzing, designing, developing, implementing and evaluating the results of the products that have been created. The research subjects for class VII students at MTs Negeri Tulungagung consisted of 15 students for small group trials, 180 for large group trials. Using questionnaires or questionnaires as instruments. The data analysis technique uses descriptive statistics with a quantitative descriptive approach. From the results of the trials that have been carried out, the accumulated percentage of the small group is 87% and the large group is 89% with a very feasible category. The conclusion obtained is that interactive multimedia throwing teaching materials for class VII students at MTs Negeri Tulungagung are suitable for use in the PJOK learning process.
THE EFFECT OF HEALTH CARE USERS' CONSUMER BEHAVIORS AND INTERNET HEALTH INFORMATION SEARCHES ON PATIENT EMPOWERMENT LEVEL
Authors: Dalkılıç Sema , Kurtoğlu Ramazan
Published: August 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of consumer behaviors and health-related internet use on the level of patient empowerment during the use of health services and the mediating role of consumers' e-health literacy levels in this relationship.The population of the study consists of individuals with chronic diseases over 18 living in Turkey. As a sample, 342 people were reached, but 297 questionnaires were included in the analysis after data control was ensured. An online survey method was used to collect data. The questionnaire consists of a consumer scale, a patient empowerment scale, an e-health literacy scale, and questions about searching for health information online. The necessary analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling. It has been determined that participatory consumer behavior exhibited during the use of health services has a positive effect on patient empowerment, while avoidance consumer behavior has a negative impact. In addition, as a result of the mediation analysis; It has been concluded that e-health literacy has a mediating effect on the effect of health-related internet use on the level of patient empowerment. While the direct impact of health-related internet use on patient empowerment was negative, this effect was positive through e-health literacy. As a result, patients who are actively involved in the health system without being passive have higher patient empowerment levels. In addition, if the e-health literacy levels of the patients who use the internet for empowerment are high, the patient empowerment levels increase. Patients with low e-health literacy and seeking health information on the internet may exhibit behaviors that will adversely affect their health rather than empowerment.
An unusual presentation of gastrointestinal stromal tumour arising from the Ileum and involving the urinary bladder
Authors: Kolap Neeraj , Thorat Santosh , Mhase Akshay , Rathod Amol , Shah Preet
Published: August 2024

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are mesenchymal tumours originating usually from stomach and small intestines, at times from unusual sites without GI (gastrointestinal) tract involvement. GISTs frequently occur among men in the age range of 60 to 65 years. These tumours are rarely symptomatic usually discovered incidentally on radiology or intraoperatively, diagnosis is confirmed on histology and IHC (immunohistochemistry). This instance represents an unusual presentation in a 65-year-old male who presented with symptoms of fatigue, per rectal bleed and dysuria due to an underlying infraumbilical tumour which was later diagnosed as a GIST arising from the ileum concurrently involving the urinary bladder, managed successfully with neoadjuvant Imatinib therapy followed by surgical resection.
Safety and outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the supine position: a single-centre experience
Authors: Muppirala Lakshmi Ramesh , Bathalapalli Ravi Theja , Jagirdar S. Faisal Yazdani , Gaddam Yaswanth Kumar
Published: August 2024

Background: The technique of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) was initially introduced by Fernström and Johansson in 1976, with the patient positioned in the prone position. Valdivia's study showed that PCNL performed in the supine position had comparable results and complications to PCNL performed in other positions, while also offering potential benefits in terms of ergonomics and anesthesia administration
Methods: A prospective interventional study was conducted at Narayana medical college and hospital, a tertiary care centre in Nellore, AP, India between January 2023 to May 2024. Patients with sepsis, blood coagulation abnormalities, bifid pelvicalyceal system, pediatric population were excluded
Results: The median operative duration was 85.59±12.733 min, and the median duration of X-ray exposure was 12 min. The mean (SD) volume of irrigant fluid was 32.9 liter. One puncture in 73 (89.0%) while 9 (11%) needed two punctures. the mean (SD) reduction in hemoglobin level was 0.8±0.13 mg/dl, with no patients requiring a transfusion. 77 patients had no or <3 mm residual fragments, resulting in a stone free rate of 93.9%. of the five patients with residual stones. There were complications in 13 patients (15.85%); 6 (7.31%) had a persistent urine leak for >24 h after nephrostomy removal
Conclusions: Despite the statistically insignificant results, the outcomes were obviously improved and demonstrated to be comparable to other facilities, with a high stone-free rate and low complications, and post-op length of hospital stay. As a result, the efficacy and safety of supine PCNL in our center were confirmed.
Central-Asian Cotton as a Missed Strategic Resource for the Production of Smokeless Gunpowder in Russia in the Late 19th – Early 20th Centuries
Authors: Сергиевский Илья
Published: August 2024

The most important military-strategic resource to this day is gunpowder, the basis for the production of which is cotton. Due to the difficult geopolitical situation, as well as global climate change, attempts to replace it with other types of raw materials of domestic origin do not stop. In this publication, we would like to refer to the experience of the past, because in the late 19th — early 20th centuries the Russian Empire was forced to face similar problems. The country faced a similar dilemma — to use foreign-made cotton or to develop its own raw material base in Central Asia. The realization of this goal was achieved through the use of previously unpublished archival materials from the Russian State Historical Archive, the Russian State Military Historical Archive, the Russian State Military Archive, the State Archive of the Tambov Region, the scientific archive of the Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineering and Communications Troops. Historical-genetic and systemic methods were used to prepare the publication. Mathematical and statistical methods were used as auxiliary research methods. Thanks to this, it was possible to fully recreate the picture of various origins cotton use for the production of gunpowder in Russia in the late 19th — early 20th centuries. The historiography of the problem under consideration is characterized. The key factors influencing the use of foreign raw materials in the production of gunpowder in the Russian Empire have been identified. Repeated attempts have been made to use Central-Asian cotton for these purposes. The results of the work of the domestic powder industry during the First World War (1914—1918), as well as the main difficulties associated with providing it with cotton of both foreign and Russian origin are considered. Thanks to the appeal to historical experience, it was established that Russian bureaucracy and inertia were negatively manifested when trying to use domestic cotton for the production of smokeless gunpowder; it was revealed that at a critical moment foreign supplies may stop, which emphasizes the need to develop their own raw materials and production base; it is proved that the "cotton problem" has become one of those delay mines which led to failures at the front and the subsequent collapse of the Russian Empire.
The Austro-Prussian-Danish War of 1864 in the Context of Prussian-Russian Relations
Authors: Dudarev Vasiliy
Published: August 2024

The Schleswig-Holstein question, tangled by centuries of diplomatic confrontation between Denmark, German states and several ducal families, came out of the silence of chanceries and archives in the 19th century and resounded loudly throughout Europe in 1864 in the armed confrontation between Austria, Prussia and Denmark. The escalation of the conflict involved all the great powers that pursued their national interests in the development of this confrontation. The relevance of the work lies in the study of Prussian-Russian relations during the war, which remained in the shadow of domestic and foreign historiography. The novelty of the work is due to the fact that the research is based on the study of materials from three archives of Russia and Germany, which have not been introduced into scientific circulation before, in conjunction with four Russian and German periodicals and already published documents, which in this aspect have not been previously analysed, and therefore retain a high research resource. The aim of the work is to assess the potential of Prussian-Russian relations during the war of 1864, and the tasks are to analyse this problem against the background of the fate of the London Protocols of 1850—1852, the integrity of the Danish kingdom, and the determination of the status of Schleswig and Holstein. The military campaign launched by Berlin against Denmark in order to restore the London Protocols and the rights of the German population of Schleswig and Holstein led to the cancellation of the previously concluded treaties concerning the duchies. Behind the artificially maintained confrontation between the two pretenders to the ducal throne, Bismarck played his own game in favour of annexing the duchies to Prussia. In this way he had to make great efforts to ensure that in this matter neutrality was preserved by St. Petersburg, whose position he paid the greatest attention to. However, documents show that Russia pursued its own national interests in solving the question of the disputed duchies.
European Peoples in the Views of Arab Geographers of the 9th — 10th Centuries
Authors: Konovalova Irina
Published: August 2024

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the tradition of depicting the territory and peoples of Europe in the works of Arab geographers and cartographers of the 9th—10th centuries. Examination of the research strategies of Arab authors made it possible to reconstruct the basic characteristics of the image of Europe in the Arab geographical tradition. The ideas of Arab authors about Europe were formed in line with the general needs and tasks of Islamic geography related to the ordering and systematization of information about the peoples of the world inherited by Islamic science from ancient geography, as well as collected by Islamic scientists themselves. In this regard, the main attention of Arab authors was aimed at determining the place of European peoples in the ethnopolitical and religious picture of the world.
The Georgian Prince Alexander Iraklievich and the Russian-Iranian Confrontation in the Caucasus at the Beginning of the 19th Century
Authors: Rakhaev Jamal
Published: August 2024

The article examines the military and political activity of the Georgian prince Alexander Iraklievich (1770—1844) in Georgia and the North Caucasus, the ultimate goal of which was the idea of restoring the independence of the Kartli-Kakheti kingdom. In this struggle, the tsarevich relied on the internal Georgian opposition, the rulers of Dagestan and Kabarda, but mainly on the support of the Iranian ruler Fecht Ali Shah. The deportation of members of the Bagration royal family to Russia and the defeat of Tsarevich Alexander's Dagestani allies in the early 19th century sealed the fate of the resistance of the Georgian aristocracy. The issue of Georgia’s independence was finally resolved during the Russian-Iranian War of 1804—1813. As the terms of the Gulistan Treaty of 1813 were made public, the image of the Shah of Iran as a powerful eastern ruler finally fades into the shadows in the political worldview of the Georgian elite and the rulers of the North Caucasus. Tsarevich Alexander Iraklievich also plunged into political oblivion.
The Muslim Elite of the South Caucasus in the First Half — Middle 19th Century: Between the Tsar, Shah and Sultan
Authors: Urushadze Amiran
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the “Muslim world” of the South Caucasus in the context of the confrontation between the Russian Empire and two great Islamic powers — the Ottoman Empire and Persia. The imperial administration confirmed the political rights of the Transcaucasian “feudal” rulers, but the actions of General Ermolov led to the liquidation of the khanates and the introduction of direct Russian rule. The process of determining the rights of the Muslim nobility dragged on and this caused discontent among the beks and agalars, many of whom held important positions in the Russian regional administration. In relation to the Muslim clergy, the basis of the imperial strategy was the classic principle of “divide and conquer”. Imperial administrators sought to control the Muslim clergy by managing conflicts within them. The introduction of administrative control was masked by the preservation of the external autonomy of Muslim communities and the demonstrative refusal of the crown authorities from restrictive policies. The article analyzes the search for authoritative and loyal spiritual leaders undertaken by the regional imperial administration. In the first half of the 19th century. The Russian administration made several attempts to develop formal rules for governing the Muslim clergy, but all projects were considered unsuccessful. The sources of the work were both archival documents introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, and already published historical evidence.
British “Devil of Destruction” in Romania: Norton-Griffiths’s Mission and Demolition of Oilfields in Ploiești Region in 1916
Authors: Golubinov Iaroslav
Published: August 2024

The First World War demonstrated that the armed conflicts of the twentieth century were primarily a war of technology. However, it turned out to be technology not only directly at the front (e. g., tanks or aeroplanes), but also technology in the rear, at industrial enterprises. The fronts passed through the industrialised areas of Western and Eastern Europe. In the course of hostilities, the destruction of industrial facilities in order to prevent their use by the enemy became one of the goals of military operations. Among the latter, an operation conducted by a detachment under the command of British officer John Norton-Griffiths in the oil-producing areas of Romania stands out for the scale of its destruction. In December 1916, around Ploiesti, a combined British-French-Romanian detachment managed to destroy completely or thoroughly damage hundreds of oil rigs and wells, oil tanks, and burn down petroleum refineries. This operation remains one of the most interesting examples of both the concerted work of Entente troops to devastate territories occupied by the Central Powers and the environmental impact of modern warfare.
Russian Researchers on Cotton Growing in Turkestan at the Turn of the 19th — 20th Centuries: a Brief Overview of the Problems and Ways to Solve Them
Authors: Saktaganova Zauresh
Published: August 2024

“The cotton project”, which became part of the modernization processes in the Russian Empire, caused a boom in publications in Russian historiography in the late 19th — early 20th centuries. The purpose of the article is a brief systematic review of Russian research on Turkestan cotton growing at the turn of the 19th — 20th centuries. Based on the research of Russian agrarians and officials of various departments, this article contains a brief overview of the issues of cotton growing development in Turkestan and ways to solve them.The author singled out four groups of researchers/studies and chose the depth and degree of cotton problem coverage in Russian works as a criterion, focusing in more detail on the analysis of the last two groups. The stated problem began to be developed more specifically in the following two groups of special studies — agricultural scientists/major cotton specialists and officials of the local colonial administration or central structures. The author notes that this division has a fairly conventional nature, since many of the officials of various departments (assigned to the second group by us) were both first-class specialists and researchers in agronomy. The authors of the first group include M. M. Bushuev, G. S. Zaitsev, R. R. Schroeder, V. I. Yuferev, V. I. Malakhovsky, N. M. Studenov and others. The authors of the second group are V. I. Masalsky, S. V. Ponyatovsky, N. P. Verkhovsky, A. I. Knize, A. I. Shah-Nazarov, A. V. Krivoshein and others.
King Haakon V’s Legal Amendment (Réttarbót) of June 17, 1308 and Transformation of Norwegian Medieval Administrative System
Authors: Agishev Sergey
Published: August 2024

King Haakon V’s legal amendment (réttarbót) of June 17, 1308 is treated as a reflection of the royal power to the accumulated and well-known problems in the system of inconsistent political institutions, and as a sample of administrative thought. This paper introduces Norwegian central and local government before the reform conceived by Haakon V and highlights the reasons for this reformation. This article proves that the system of government and finance proposed by the reform reflected a special mode of production called nobilarism. Its evolution was precisely reflected in the political institutions associated with it. A common feature of this structure is a rather narrow layer of elite, nobilarists, whose power founded on a special form of private property, which can be called corporate-share property. The king, as the head of the corporation of nobilarists and the state itself, did not dispose of all corporate property, but only part of it, which was embodied in the possessions of the royal family. This seriously limited his power over the nobility and made the king the first among the magnates, and not their overlord. At the same time the king was the supreme manager of the crown lands, which were very large. But he had no right to squander or rent them or give them to the management of foreigners. Most of them he gave as feeding and under the control to governors, fief-men and lawmen Norwegian by birth. Nobilarism was combined with alimentarism, when the king lent to a number of the officials (alimentarians) the right to collect part of the national tax from peasants living in the corresponding territory. The alimentarian did not acquire any special rights either to the land of the district entrusted to him or to the personalities of the peasants, except those he had as a member of the management corporation. He received only a special right to a part of the product produced by the peasants as long as he held his position in administration. And he had this right not alone, but only together with other similar members of the same corporation. When he deprived of his position for any reason, he lost this right often with his position in society.
Loyalty to the Carolingians as a Factor of Politogenesis: the Cases of Brittany and Croatia
Authors: Alimov Denis
Published: August 2024

The article examines and compares the formation of the Breton and Croat gentile kingdoms in the 9th century in the context of the interaction between local elites and political structures of the Carolingian Empire. In doing so, the article focuses on strategies of Breton and Croat leaders, who, while remaining within the framework of the Frankish world (pax Francica) and demonstrating their loyalty to the Carolingians, nevertheless actually created their own polities (regna) in the process of their interaction with the Franks. While emphasizing the importance of regional alliances between indigenous rulers and Frankish counts for the processes of local politogenesis, the author shows that it was precisely the equal-level interaction of elites that came in the conditions of the weakening of the Frankish control over the periphery in the 830s to replace previous “colonial” practices of governing, created conditions for the formation of gentile kingdoms both in Brittonic Armorica and in Slavic Dalmatia. The emergence of both the Breton and Croat kingdoms (regna) was primarily the result of political compromises, which in both cases meant a conscious refusal of the Frankish authorities from direct control over local societies. Under such conditions, the demonstrative loyalty of local leaders to a ruler from the Carolingian dynasty not only did not significantly limit the space of political action for them, but, on the contrary, provided a necessary impetus and resources for their political creativity, that is, in fact, acted as a factor of politogenesis.