bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFEITO DO ÓLEO DE Moringa oleífera SOBRE O PATÓGENO PISCÍCOLA Saprolegnia parasítica
Authors: Silva Ruana , Abe Higo , Gagliardi Paulo , Bomfim Lucileide , Bomfim Carolina
Published: April 2023

Moringa oleifera is a plant with great potential for this purpose, due to its antimicrobial properties. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the action of M. oleifera seed oil on the fungus Saprolegnia parasitica, which causes the most important fungal disease in freshwater fish. For this purpose, the seeds were collected from the pods in a ripe state and submitted to a cold extraction process via mechanical press. A strain of the S. parasitica was used as test culture by the bioanalytical method "in vitro" on BDA (Potato, Dextrose and Agar) medium. The oil was emulsified by the low energy method, with surfactant and water, and poured onto the plates with medium at the concentrations of the treatments. The experiment was conducted in a randomized design with 5 treatments (0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 mL/L), all with 5 repetitions, maintained at a temperature of 24°C. The plates were observed every 24 hours for 96 hours for mycelial growth measurement. By 48 hours, a reduction in growth was observed at 0.25mL/L, intensifying at levels of 0.5; 0.75, and 1.0mL/L. In 72 hours, the control treatments and the 0.25mL/Ltreatment did not differ, but were different from the other treatments. However, after 96 hours all reached full extension. Therefore, M. oleifera seed oil shows fungistatic activity on the fungus S. parasitica at concentrations higher than 0.25mL/L.
FIRST RECORD OF LARVAE OF Hysterothylacium (NEMATODA: RAPHIDASCARIDIDAE) INFECTING Hoplias malabaricus (CHARACIFORMES: ERYTHRINIDAE) IN PIAUÍ STATE, BRAZIL
Authors: Pinheiro Raul , Ferreira Patrícia , Rocha Fernanda , Freire Simone , Giese Elane
Published: April 2023

Nematode larvae can cause damage to fish and diseases to consumers. In this paper we record the first occurrence of Hysterothylacium sp. in Hoplias malabaricus captured by artisanal fishers in the Poti River, State of Piauí, northeast Brazil. In the laboratory the fish were investigated for the collection of helminths. Sixteen hosts (63.3%) were parasitized by 94 nematodes larvae that were morphologically identified as Hysterothylacium sp. parasitizing the liver, intestine, stomach, pyloric cecum, abdominal cavity and swim bladder. The parasitic diversity in H. malabaricus is composed of thirty-two taxa, with the larvae of Contracaecum being dominant. This work records the parasitological inventory of nematodes in H. malabaricus and we add morphological and morphometric data for Hysterothylacium sp. in the state of Piauí, parasitizing fish of commercial importance.
Enlightenment Thinkers on Marriage
Authors: Zhao Jialin
Published: April 2023

Two centuries after Montaigne's reflective discussion of marriage in the sixteenth century, Enlightenment thinkers also expressed their views on the issue of marriage. In his Letters to the Persians, Montesquieu expressed his desire for a "marriage of the heart", a contract in which the marriage should be based on the unity of the couple's temperament, and therefore the marriage should be dissolved if the temperament is not compatible. In addition, marriage is a matter of social welfare and interest, so the secular and religious powers should reconcile their handling of marriage matters and avoid conflicts between civil and religious laws as much as possible. Voltaire, on the other hand, fully supported the secularization of marriage and demanded a strict distinction between the content and the form of marriage, contract and sacrament. He claimed that the Church's interference in marriage matters would threaten the secular authority and lead to the disruption of the laws of the state. Secular authority should prevail, and religious law should not undermine civil law. Rousseau, on the other hand, saw good marriage as a necessary condition for the formation of political citizens. Marriage is not a "natural" situation, but rather it is related to the obligations and nature of the state, and thus the marriage relationship is essentially political. Although each of the three Enlightenment thinkers had a distinctive view of marriage, they also showed a striking consensus, especially in linking marriage to society, which was different from the individualistic view of marriage in the Renaissance. The purpose of this paper is to explore the conceptions of marriage by Enlightenment thinkers to better understand the changes in the concept of marriage since the Renaissance and the issues of marriage before and after the French Revolution that underlie them.
Theorica et practica: historická epistemologie a re-vize lékařství třináctého a čtrnáctého století
Authors: Gardenour Brenda S.
Published: April 2023

Positivist medical historians, guided by the savoir of modern western biomedicine, have long depicted medieval medicine as an aberration along the continuum of scientific and medical progress. Historical epistemology, founded in the ideas of Cavailles, Foucault, Davidson, and Hacking, however, allows the historian to disrupt this false continuum and to unchain medieval medicine from modern medicine. Postmodernist approaches, such as those sourced in Lyotard, Barthes, and Derrida, allow the historian to further deconstruct medieval and modern medical discourse, revealing a multitude of narrative lenses spinning around biomedical and biocultural strands. In liberating these two medical systems and setting them within the distinct historical and epistemological contexts that both shaped and were shaped by them, the historian can revision the theories, practices, and culture of medieval medicine without having to anachronistically justify them according to modern medical discourse.
Posova fenomenologie lingvistiky a Husserlovo pojetí geometrie a přirozeného světa
Authors: Janoušek Hynek
Published: April 2023

Translation Commentary
Normativita života a společenská normalizace
Authors: Švec Ondřej
Published: April 2023

The present paper is based on the analysis of Georges Canguilhem's and Michel Foucault's conception of norms and seeks to define the reciprocal relation between biological and social normativity. Both Canguilhem and Foucault are challenging our usual ideas about the manner in which the norms are exercising their power upon us. Following the interpretation proposed by Pierre Macherey, the paper tries to define the power of norms in terms of their "immanence and productivity". Such a conception prevents us from understanding the norm according to the model of Law, which is imposed on its subjects from outside. The final part of the paper seeks to determine, which kind of individualization or subjectivation this new concept of norms disqualifies and which possibilities does it leave open for autonomous singularity within the normative field.
DMN – klidová síť mozku: kandidát na nové neurovědecké paradigma
Authors: Havlík Marek
Published: April 2023

The paper focuses on methodological and historical analysis of historical events that shaped the previous and current research of neurology. In 2001 Marcus Raichle came with a surprising discovery, which is now widely known as the Default Mode Network (DMN). DMN brings new knowledge about brain activity and it also changes traditional beliefs about the brain. The scientific community had assumed, for the entire twentieth century, that brain is a tool "reflexive" to the environment. This conviction was the basis of neurological research. DMN comes with the concept of neural activity that is not dependent on the active stimulation of the brain. This concept is in contrast to the previous beliefs about brain activity. Current research of DMN leads to the entirely new knowledge that was not available for the previous paradigm. The article addresses the question whether DMN could be considered a scientific revolution and the new paradigm of neuroscience.
Bohrovo pojetí biologie: k 50. výročí úmrtí Nielse Bohra
Authors: Grygar Filip
Published: April 2023

Translation commentary
W. Saroyan’s “Dear Greta Garbo” from the Perspective of Pre-translation Analysis
Authors: Gasparyan Gayane
Published: April 2023

Pre-translation text analysis is considered a mandatory phase of translation process to achieve an effective result within the scope of cross-cultural communication. It leads to proper understanding of the ST message and reduces the mode of its misinterpretation in the TT. The pre-translation analysis of W. Saroyan’s “Dear Greta Garbo” allows to determine extra-textual environment, the text is created in and intra-textual elements, which put the author’s intention into effect. These key aspects of pre-translation analysis lead to the identification of local and global coherence, which creates mutual understanding of communicants both inside and outside the text. Despite several differences in two versions of the translation by O. Slobodkina and A. Ohanyan, they do not seriously deviate from the ST corresponding units and do not lose the pragmatic/cognitive value of the original. In both versions in terms of communicative/functional aspect of the impact on the Russian speaking readership the situation described in the story is easily revealed: the Russian speaking receptor undergoes definitely the desired impact and the translators achieve basically the translation targeted cognitive and emotional goals.
Cilt Bakımında ve Vücut Banyosunda Kullanılan Klorheksidinin Etkisi: Sistematik Derleme
Authors: UĞUR Nazmiye , IŞIK Meryem Türkan
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışma, temizleme amaçlı yapılan vücut banyolarında kullanılan

klorheksidinin cilt üzerinde temizleyici etkisini anlamak için vücut banyosunda

klorheksidinin kullanıldığı çalışmalar sistematik incelemektir.

Yöntem: 1 Ocak- 20 Nisan 2022 tarihlerinde ‘Google Scholar’,‘Medline’, ‘Pubmed’,

‘Cochrane’, ‘Wiley Online Library’ tam metnine ulaşılan araştırma çalışmaları

kullanıldı. Anahtar kelimeler ‘having bath chlorhexidine’, ‘nursing care with

chlorhexidine’, ‘bath with chlorhexidine’ dir. Ulaşılan 2557 araştırmadan dahil

edilme kriterlerine göre, 287 incelenen çalışmadan, kriterlere uygun ve tam metnine

ulaşılan 27 çalışma alındı.

Bulgular: Literatürde yapılan çalışmalarda toplam 972,948 hasta, 26 araştırma

makalesi ve çok merkezli toplam 953 yataklı, 325 hemşirenin değerlendirildiği bir

araştıma sonucundan elde edilen bulgular ile toplam 27 araştırma makalesinden

oluşmaktadır. Örneklem grubu; farklı yaş, yoğun bakım üniteleri ve kliniklerdeki

hastalardır. Bu çalışmalarda klorheksidinli banyonun, staphylococcus aureus (S.

aureus), methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vakomicine dirençli

enterekok (VRE), çoklu ilaca dirençli mikroorganizma yükünün cilt üzerinden

uzaklaştırılması amacıyla vücut hijyenin sağlanmasında kullanıldığı görülmektedir.

Sonuçlar ve Öneriler: Klorheksidinli banyoların cilt üzerinde temizleyici etkisinin

su- sabun, non- antiseptik özellikteki ürünlere göre etkili olduğu anlaşılmaktadır.

Bu çalışmalar sonucunda hemşirelere, hijyen uygulamalarında enfeksiyonların

önlenmesi için, %2 klorheksidinli temizleme mendilleri, %4 sıvı klorheksidin

kullanılması önerilebilir.
Papatyanın Anksiyete Bozukluğu Olan Bireylerin Psikolojik İyi Oluşluluk, Depresyon, Anksiyete Düzeyi Üzerine Etkisi: Bir Meta Analiz Çalışması
Authors: UZUN Sevda , ŞİRİN Burak
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışma, papatyanın anksiyete bozukluğu olan bireylerin psikolojik

iyi oluşluk, depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyi üzerindeki etkisini incelemek amacı ile

yapılmıştır.

Yöntem: Meta analiz türündeki bu çalışmadaki veriler Mart-Mayıs 2022’de PubMed, Web of Scıence, EBSCOhost ve Google Akademik, YÖK tez veri tabanlarında yıl sınırlamasına gidilmeden tarama yapılarak elde edilmiştir. Araştırmaya

incelemeler yapıldıktan sonra 7 araştırma dâhil edilmiştir. Araştırmalarda toplam

örneklem sayısı 784’tür.

Bulgular: Araştırma sonucunda papatyanın anksiyete,( (SMD: -1,313, %95 CI:

0,294- 0.087; Z= -4,462, p = 0.010, I2= %94,653), depresyon (SMD: 5,762, %95 CI:

6,926- 10,921; Z= 2,190, p = 0.029, I2= %98,753) ve psikolojik iyi oluşluk üzerinde etkili bir değişken olduğu (SMD: 3,747, %95 CI: 1,621- 0.2,628; Z= 2,311, p =

0.021, I2= %99,448) belirlenmiştir.

Sonuç ve Öneriler: Çalışmada anksiyete bozukluğu olan bireylerde papatya

kullanımının depresyon, anksiyete ve psikolojik iyi oluşluk üzerinde etkili olduğu

bulunmuştur. Bu sonuçlar papatyanın anksiyete bozukluğu olan bireylerde klinik

olarak anlamlı bir antidepresan etki üretebileceğini ve bireylerde psikolojik iyi

oluşluk sağlayabileceğini düşündürmektedir.
A Rare Presentation of Urinary Bladder Diverticula as an Inguinal Hernia - A Case Report
Authors:   Department of General Surgery, Pacific Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India., Thakkar Dr. Konark , Gheewala Dr. Panth ,   Department of General Surgery, Pacific Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India., Rathore Dr. Hanuwant Singh ,   Department of General Surgery, Pacific Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Published: April 2023

Inguinal Bladder Hernia (IBH) is a common disorder requiring adequate surgical management. Association with multiple organs is prevalent but bladder involvement is rare, with 1-3% of inguinal hernias. Patients are generally asymptomatic and difficult to diagnose thus presenting as an incidental finding or diagnosed during surgery. Most literature advocate surgical repair as a standard, an open surgical approach is preferred more than laparoscopic.
Dermatological and Cardiac Manifestations of Wegener's Disease
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, México., Flores Manuel Enrique Vadillo , Dorantes Miguel Ángel Sánchez ,   Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro. Santiago de Querétaro, México., Medrano María Erika Boza ,   Hospital General de Zona #1 del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Durango, México., Ortega María Fernanda Guijosa ,   Hospital de especialidades Dr.Belisario Dominguez. Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México, Ramírez Paola Daniela Guerrero ,   Hospital General Regional 1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Orizaba, Veracruz, México, Hernández Omar Alejandro Avila ,   Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro. Santiago de Querétaro, México.
Published: April 2023

Wegener's disease, also known as Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA), is a rare autoimmune disorder that affects small- to medium-sized blood vessels, causing inflammation and damage to various organs. The disease commonly involves the respiratory tract, kidneys, and the skin. In terms of dermatological symptoms, patients may develop purpura, which are small red or purple spots on the skin caused by bleeding under the skin, or nodules or ulcers that may be painful or non-painful. These lesions can occur anywhere on the body but are often found on the lower legs. Vascular involvement can lead to necrotizing vasculitis, which can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. Early diagnosis and treatment with immunosuppressive therapy can help manage the symptoms and prevent organ damage.
Panorama de la inteligencia artificial medida por un Big Data en la Colombia actual
Authors: Ochoa Guevara Nancy Edith , Andrew Jaramillo Dylan , Alejandra Perico Ximena , Lara Saiz María Isabel
Published: April 2023

En Colombia se está gestionando estrategias para la implementación de la inteligencia Artificial (IA) en especial en el sector gubernamental como lo son el ámbito jurídico y ético, pero necesita fortalecerse la IA en el sector público, motivo por el cual se analiza el talento humano en habilidades digitales y el nivel de investigación de las instituciones tanto educativas como empresariales con relación a la IA. Por lo tanto, se trabaja por medio de un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo con un tipo de estudio descriptivo y explorativo. La recolección de datos y análisis se realizó por medio de la herramienta del Big Data con el recurso digital de Excel Pivote, donde los resultados obtenidos demostraron que son relativamente pocas personas que poseen habilidades digitales y que además hay muy poco interés de investigación por parte de la mayoría de instituciones universitarias y empresariales con relación a la IA.
Motives for Nomination and Etymological Features of Anthropotoponyms of the Karaganda Region
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Meіirbekov A.K. , Meirbekov А.К. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University
Published: April 2023

The article discusses the motives for nominating anthropotoponyms in Kazakh onomastics and the etymological meaning of the toponyms of the Karaganda region associated with a person's name. In the course of the research, methods of description, classification, summarizing, analyzing were used to determine the etymology of the region's anthropotoponyms. The characteristic of the etymological origin of anthropotoponymic names is compiled, the linguistic significance of the word-formation process is established by means of classification and generalization. The article discusses toponyms named after a person among the toponymic units of the Karaganda region, and the motives of two different nominations of anthropotoponyms. In the course of the study of the anthropotoponyms of the Karaganda region, a group of anthropotoponyms was identified that was not typical for both different groups of nomination motives. These anthropotoponyms are a group of anthropotoponyms named after a person created for special reasons that were not created for reasons mentioned in both different groups of creation motivation. Due to the fact that these anthropotoponyms are specific, the opportunity was proposed to consider them as a third group of motivation to create. Anthropotoponyms proposed for consideration as the third group can be recognized as anthropotoponyms intended for a specific person or in honor of the work of that person. Geographical names or toponyms that are of particular importance tell about the history of this locality and the beliefs of its inhabitants or about the people who lived in this locality.
Ideological and Artistic Features of the Poetry of Svetkali Nurzhan
Authors:   Caspian University of Technology and Engineering, Kabylov A.D.
Published: April 2023

Svetkali Nurzhan (Aitman) is one of the outstanding poets who came to the world of poetry with their style, won the hearts of readers, determined their place in modern Kazakh poetry. His poems and stories depict various problems of the historical era and the present with a special artistic manner and deep socio-philosophical overtones and give rise to their own thoughts. The poet's desire to reveal the deep layers of social reality and human nature is distinguished by its ideological scope and poetic innovation. In addition to the subtle lyricism that penetrates deep into the human soul, epic poetry is clearly visible in his works, mixed with lofty thoughts and sharp civic wisdom. This article highlights the themes, ideological and artistic features of the poetry of the famous Kazakh poet Svetkali Nurzhan. Various themes in the poet's poems are depicted in a broad artistic and ideological manner. The poet's poetry is analyzed through the concepts of the Great Steppe and the native land, which are the main conceptual core and invariable poetic orientation of the poet's work. Whatever topic the poet approaches, it is noted that he sings from the standpoint of the national spirit and national identity, Kazakh traditions, from the point of view of his civic position. The poet brings his unique character and thoughts into his lyrical character, thereby revealing his poetic personality. On specific examples, it is proved that the images, captivating the reader and evoking the real thought and reality of life, philosophical thought, leading to deep reflection, reveal the poetic individuality of the author and show the originality of his poetry.
Pentahelix Synergy in Post-Tsunami Disaster Recovery to Support Community Resilience in Facing Disaster in Pandeglang Regency
Authors: Kurniadi Anwar , Syamsunasir Syamsunasir , Widana I Dewa Ketut Kerta
Published: April 2023

The pentahelic synergy must be carried out by the Pandeglang Regency  to speed up the recovery process after the tsunami disaster. If it doesn't work, it will disrupt the resilience of the community in facing the coming disaster. This study used a qualitative descriptive design method. The purpose of this study was to analyze how far the pentahelic synergy in post-tsunami recovery is to support community resilience in facing disasters in Pandeglang Regency. The research was conducted at Carita Beach, Labuan, Panimbang and Sumur of Pendeglang Regency with 16 informants. The research data were analyzed in four steps. The results showed that the implementation of pentahelic synergy carried out by BPBD Pandeglang Regency in achieving post-tsunami recovery was in the good or effective category. and community resilience in dealing with disasters is in a strong position. The conclusion is that the effect of pentahelic synergy is able to increase the resilience of the community which is dominated by psychological and social aspects, so that it will tend to lead to the strengthening of the existing religious culture that supports government programs
Scrutiny of Sudan's Consumption Share to GDP
Authors: Arabi Khalafalla Ahmed Mohamed
Published: April 2023

This paper examines the contribution of the consumption share to GDP from 1970 to 2019 to assess how income groups contributed to the share's stability, as well as the factors influencing its path and policy implications. Because the dependent variable is expressed in percentages and is not normally distributed, the Beta regression finite mixed model is the best tool for detecting latent income groups. We used Robust standard error to ensure the stability of the consumption share (i.e. the average propensity to consume APC). The analytical tool predicts the discovery of three previously unknown income groups. The following three latent groups were identified by the group means following the analysis: 0.82, 0.87, and 0.90 represent low-, medium-, and high-income groups, respectively, with probabilities of 0.27, 0.47, and 0.26 for their share contribution. The explanatory variables include employment, human capital (hc), total factor productivity at constant national prices (rtfpna), and the share of labor compensation in GDP. Each estimated parameter has a high significance and the expected sign. The policy implication is that the consumption share should be reduced in favor of the saving share by increasing employment opportunities and total factor productivity because it is relatively high. Furthermore, fighting inflation increases consumption while increasing spending on health care, education, and training stimulates economic growth by increasing the percentage saving ratio but at different levels.
Analyzing the Impact of YouTube Watch Time on Higher Education Institution Promotions and Admissions
Authors: Akbari Deni Adha , Rochaety Eti
Published: April 2023

This study analyzes the impact of YouTube watch time on higher education institution promotions and admissions, using data from the UhamkaTV YouTube channel from January 1 to December 31, 2022. The analysis focused on the watch time (in hours) and watch time percentage for the top five videos on the channel during the specified period. The results indicate that the video "UHAMKA Online Registration 2022" garnered the highest watch time of 5,726.9 hours, accounting for 62.8% of the total watch time. This video's high watch time percentage suggests that content related to the online registration process is highly relevant and engaging for prospective students. The other videos had significantly lower watch time percentages, meaning their promotional impact may not be as significant as the first-ranked video. These findings suggest that YouTube watch time can dramatically impact the promotion and admissions of higher education institutions. Higher education institutions can leverage YouTube to provide relevant and engaging content related to admissions and academic programs to potential students. This study provides insights that can inform the development of effective YouTube marketing strategies for higher education institutions.
Social Policy and Religion in a Globalizing Era
Authors: Dan Adrian-Nicolae , Stănescu Nina
Published: April 2023

Our paper critically analyses the well-known and old partnership between religious actors and social policy agencies undertaking interventions in the public sphere aimed at influencing redistributive measures (social welfare, distributive justice) and development. Starting from a typology of religious welfare and classic welfare regime the paper underlines the necessity of rising up further the "social mission of religion" in a globalized world increasingly exposed to social, economic and political turbulence, as a link between state and community.
Changes in Gender Power Dynamics in Congo
Authors: Doe John
Published: April 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the changes in gender power relations among the people of Congo.

Methodology: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low-cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.

Results: The results revealed that there exist conceptual and contextual gaps relating to the study on the changes in gender power relations among the people of Congo. Preliminary empirical review reveals that Gender power relations underwent changes emanating from socio-economic and dynamics to fit within the capitalist production system.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Gender role theory and social construction theory may be used to categorize the key work design factors which may relate to gender power relations among the people of Congo. The results of this research will form the basis for further research to investigate into the areas of gender power relations.
Impact of Leadership on Corporate Social Responsibility in Mexico
Authors: Rodriguez Gianna
Published: April 2023

Purpose: The study sought to analyze the impact of leadership on corporate social responsibility in Mexico.

Materials and Methods: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.

Findings: The results show that corporate governance and corporate social responsibility have become increasingly important in Mexico. The country works to improve its economic and social environment. Leadership is one of the most important aspects of corporate governance and corporate social responsibility. Leadership has the power to shape a company’s culture and drive its strategic direction which can have a direct effect on corporate governance and corporate social responsibility.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practices and Policies: The Stakeholder theory and Political theory may be used to anchor future studies in the corporate governance sector. The study results will also benefit other stakeholders such as the policy makers as well as researchers and scholars from different parts of the world. The top management of corporate companies in the country will also use the study findings to improve the leadership and ensure high and stable performance in all their activities and programs. The study recommends that the adoption of effective corporate social responsibility policies in the corporate sector will help to improve efficiency in their major operations and activities.
Role of Culture on Leadership and Governance in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abadi Mohammed
Published: April 2023

Purpose: The study sought to analyze the role of culture in leadership and governance in Saudi Arabia

Materials and Methods: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.

Findings: The results show that culture has a profound influence on the ways in which governments are structured and the decisions that are made. It affects the types of leaders that are chosen, the values and goals that shape policy outcomes, and the institutional context in which leaders operate. This suggests that culture is an important factor to consider in any discussion of governance and leadership.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practices and Policies: The cultural-level theory, cultural relativism theory and cultural-contextual theory may be used to anchor future studies in the leadership and governance sector. The study results will also benefit other stakeholders such as the policy makers as well as researchers and scholars from different parts of the world. The top management of corporate companies in the country will also use the study findings to improve the culture and ensure high and stable performance in all their activities and programs. The study recommends that the adoption of effective cultural policies in the leadership and governance sector will help to improve efficiency in their major operations and activities.
Impact of Technology on Leadership and Governance in Pakistan
Authors: Bukhari Kiran
Published: April 2023

Purpose: The study sought to analyze the impact of technology in leadership and governance in Pakistan

Materials and Methods: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.

Findings: The results show technology is playing an increasingly important role in the leadership and governance of organizations. It can be used to facilitate better communication, increase transparency and improve decision making. Technology is an invaluable tool for leaders and can be used to improve organizational performance and ensure that all stakeholders are kept informed. Technology has enabled leaders and governments to become more efficient, more transparent, and more responsive to their constituents. It has allowed them to access and analyze large amounts of data quickly and easily and to make better informed decisions.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practices and Policies: The Resource-based view theory, Strategic management theory and Complexity Theory may be used to anchor future studies in the leadership and governance sector. The study results will also benefit other stakeholders such as the policy makers as well as researchers and scholars from different parts of the world. The top management of technology in the country will also use the study findings to improve leadership and governance performance in all their activities and programs. The study recommends that the adoption of effective technological policies in the leadership and governance will help to improve efficiency in their major operations and activities.
Role of Gender Equality on Leadership and Governance in Somalia
Authors: Abdi Yasir
Published: April 2023

Purpose: The study sought to analyze the role of gender equality in leadership and governance in Somalia

Materials and Methods: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.

Findings: The results show Gender equality in leadership and governance is an important aspect of a successful and sustainable society. This is because gender inequality in leadership and governance can lead to a number of negative outcomes, including decreased economic growth and increased poverty.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practices and Policies: The social constructionist theory, feminist theory and resource theory may be used to anchor future studies in the leadership and governance sector. The study results will also benefit other stakeholders such as the policy makers as well as researchers and scholars from different parts of the world. The top management of gender equality sector in the country will also use the study findings to improve leadership and governance performance in all their activities and programs. The study recommends that the adoption of effective gender equality policies in the leadership and governance will help to improve efficiency in their major operations and activities.
Teen Riskiness During a Global Pandemic: A COVID-19 Case Study
Authors: Delis Ereni , Thomas Candace
Published: April 2023

Adolescent risk-taking is a normal part of human development. However, it’s this very behavior that leads to teen fatalities, poor mental health, and other unfortunate consequences. Societal changes, such as the pervasiveness of social media in the last two decades, have led to increases in risk-taking behaviors such as drug and alcohol use, sexual risk-taking, violence, and more . This beckons the question of how adolescents’ risk-taking behaviors are impacted, if at all, when other pervasive mediums or stress-inducing events are introduced into their lives —such as a global pandemic. 

This present research used COVID-19 as a case study and sought to address the relationship between teen risks prior to and during the pandemic. This investigation examined teen engagement in baseline risk-assessments, such as cheating on school assignments or tests, underage drinking, and nicotine product use, and COVID-19 risk. COVID-19 risky behaviors included exposing oneself to potentially unsafe contacts — in other words not adhering to social distancing guidelines. COVID-19 risky mindset measurements included perceived COVID-19 health risk ratings and responses to engagement in COVID-19 risky activity hypotheticals. Factors such as familial average income and gender were included in the analysis. Findings suggest positive relationships between engagement in baseline risk-assessments and both riskier COVID-19 behaviors and mindset.
The Molecular Mechanism of Vitamin D3 in Mitigating Pathological Formation of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Kwan Brianna , Zhu Wei
Published: April 2023

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) has been in the spotlight of research for decades, but despite efforts aiming to discover treatments, there is still no effective therapy that targets PD pathology. Vitamin D3, however, has been identified as a promising chemical in mitigating the effects of alpha synuclein (⍺-syn), a hallmark protein in diagnosing PD. Mitochondrial complex I is a protein complex that produces oxidative stress, an effect that can lead to symptoms of PD. Rotenone, a chemical which induces PD-like effects was used to set a PD model. This study focused on the anti-PD effects of vitamin D3 in attenuating rotenone through mitochondrial complex I. Treatments were tested by measuring cell proliferation, rotenone induced necrosis, and rotenone induced apoptosis. Varying concentrations of vitamin D3 proved to reduce cytotoxicity substantially. Caspase activity in apoptosis decreased with vitamin D3 presence, suggesting that cell death was mitigated. In addition to using in vitro rotenone PD models, molecular docking was used to depict vitamin D3, rotenone, and mitochondrial complex I interactions. To our knowledge, this was the first study to use vitamin D3 and mitochondrial complex I in a molecular docking analysis in addition to utilizing rotenone to study PD. Docking established a connection between mitochondrial complex I, rotenone, and vitamin D3 by displaying a strong bond between molecules. This ultimately suggested that vitamin D3 can indirectly mitigate oxidative stress by attenuating rotenone and ⍺-syn through mitochondrial complex I, thus limiting the presence of ⍺-syn, which is seen in elevated amounts in PD.
South Korea's Household Debt Crisis and Its Impact on Korean Society
Authors: Song Daniel , Radnitzer Karl
Published: April 2023

South Korea’s household debt crisis was brought to the forefront of the minds of millions of people around the world due to the hugely popular Netflix series Squid Game. In Squid Game, individuals with large amounts of personal debt engage in childhood games like “Red Light, Green Light” but with a macabre twist: they must risk their lives and the lives of others to win a cash prize that could relieve themselves of crushing debt. This paper examines the major economic, financial, and societal factors that contribute to the ever-worsening household debt crisis in South Korea. In the past 25 years, South Korea has endured several major economic and financial crises, notably the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis, the 2017 Global Financial Crisis, and the Covid-19 Pandemic. In particular, the Asian Financial crisis in 1997 brought about significant changes to South Korea’s financial, corporate, and labor sectors, primarily due to reforms imposed by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Furthermore, run-away housing prices, elevated levels of self-employment, and societal structures and behaviors unique to Korea have exacerbated the household debt crisis. All these factors have contributed to the growth and the continuing trend of extreme household debt that disproportionately impacts South Korea’s youth, self-employed, and part-time workers.
The Effects of Pop-Its on The Listening Comprehension Ability of Elementary Students
Authors: Song Trien
Published: April 2023

One of the most pervasive influences in recent pop culture media is the prevalence of fidget toy use in young children. Advertisers market these fidget aids as an evidence-based means of improving academic success through facilitating attention based tasks. The legitimacy of these claims has been contested through existent literature in addition to the deepening controversy surrounding the efficacy of various fidget aids including stress balls, fidget spinners, fidget cubes, and other toys of minimal physical and cognitive requirements. Another type of fidget aid whose use has become increasingly relevant amongst children is pop-its. This relatively new toy consists of a silicone tray with reversible, pokeable bubbles, similar to bubble wrap. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of pop-its on the listening comprehension ability of elementary students. Sixty students enrolled in the third grade at a public elementary school were recruited to participate in this study, which utilized a two-group experimental design. The mean scores of both the control and experimental group’s comprehension quizzes were calculated and a two-sample t-test was carried out to determine whether there was a significant difference between the pop-it and non-pop-it administrations. The findings of this experiment conclude that students in the no pop-it condition significantly outperformed the students in the pop-it condition, providing the first structured scientific inquiry into studying the effects of pop-its on a cognitive task.
Communication Change Throughout the Pandemic From Students’ Perspectives
Authors: Godfrey Isabelle , Heilbronner Sarah , Roberts Hilarie
Published: April 2023

Recent research in social science has focused on family interactions, but there is a gap concerning the impact of the pandemic on family communication. Addressing this gap could reveal how the pandemic has impacted family communication and interaction. The goal of this study was to identify communication patterns among high school students and their parents. The research question is: How has family communication changed throughout the pandemic for students in high school and their parents that worked at home during the height of the pandemic? The question was addressed by a study analyzing data from randomly distributed questionnaires with a paired sample t-test to determine whether the difference in communication dimensions from the RFCP (conversation-orientation and conformity-orientation) from the height of the pandemic to the time of this study was significant. This study concluded that there was a statistically significant decrease in conformity-orientation from the height of the pandemic to the time of the study. However, this study is representative of only the high school that was studied, relied largely on participants’ self-report of memories of the pandemic, and could have been heavily influenced by current events an individual was experiencing. Parent data is also only descriptive. This study did reveal that high school students’ conformity-orientation has decreased throughout the pandemic for students in high school, and has revealed that as COVID-19 restrictions eased after the height of the pandemic, family values of sharing ideas, beliefs, and values decreased.
Cold Cookies and Culturalism
Authors: Lee Siyeon , Stallings Bethany
Published: April 2023

Of our many sensory modalities, discussions on taste perception are widely fueled by its unconventional qualities. Gustation is unique in that it is inherently biological yet cultural. Sugar perception, particularly, has been a significant area of research in the field of taste perception—its historical, cultural, and scientific dimensionality parallels the unique qualities of taste perception as a whole. While our biology predisposes us to perceptive similarities, cultural dichotomies, especially between Eastern and Western societies, have embodied the divergence in gustatory preferences. To analyze how such dichotomies interact with a widely unresearched scientific factor— temperature—a mixed-method study was conducted between Korean and American participants, measuring how temperature and cultural background influenced the taste perception (hedonic value and taste intensity) of a classic American dessert staple—the chocolate chip cookie. Guided by quantitative measurements, a qualitative interview portion was conducted, where background information and verbal analyses contextualized the results from phase 1. Results revealed a positive correlation between cookie temperature and taste intensity as well as hedonic value. Additionally, it was also discovered that international travel served as a gustatory transition for both groups and historical events had a direct impact on dessert ‘staple’ choices by Koreans. Elements of nostalgia were exclusive factors to Americans when selecting childhood staples or expressing sentiments towards unconventional foods. When investigating perceptive changes through foreign residency, The American tendency to perceive a ‘forced change’ in eating habits reflected notions of Westernization and embodied historical interactions with colonization, the sugar industry, and the Korean peninsula.
The Socioeconomic Impacts of Emergent Biotechnology on the Next Human Age
Authors: Xie Albert , Hong Connie
Published: April 2023

Modern biotechnology has progressed to unforeseeable heights, from genetic engineering to radical life extension. The rapid advent of this technology has enforced upon us a duty to contemplate the ethics surrounding it to inform our decisions. One pressing aspect of contemporary bioethics lies in medical developments that have become widely consumed resources. In modern society, big pharmaceutical companies dominate the healthcare industry, which makes them uniquely positioned to introduce new-age biotechnology as consumer resources. A "big pharma" future exemplified by the emergence of revolutionary new-age biotechnology presents severe ethical concerns. This paper describes potential scenarios where emergent biotechnology becomes a consumer resource as a result of aggressive marketing, indirect coercion, and monopoly of the "big pharma" companies. Chasing higher profitability and benefiting from their monopoly position, big pharmaceutical companies can price new biotechnologies at excessive levels, resulting in new biotechnology proliferating along socioeconomic lines. Such a development threatens to create an elite genetic class and destroy social mobility. In order to mitigate such consequences, this paper proposes a price cap mechanism to improve equal access to emerging biotechnology and promote innovations in breakthrough treatments.
The Impact of Business, Marketing, and Accounting Courses on Financial Literacy in South Florida High Schools
Authors: Lam Ivy , Thompson Patricia , Shuman Phil
Published: April 2023

The advancement of technology and its subsequent emphasis on money as the driving force of success is prevalent in all developed countries. Due to rising inflation and cost of living, the economic statuses of millions of individuals are in jeopardy. To address these problems, state governments funded various financial literacy programs focused on educating the youth on the basics of money management. However, with state budgets allocating millions of dollars towards traditional curriculum, financial literacy is often pushed aside. Moreover, the lack of research done on financial literacy electives and the failure to localize results produce an inaccurate representation of how financially literate the current youth generation is. Therefore, most adolescents are not equipped with the resources or opportunities to be financially prepared for the real world. In an effort to improve the financial illiteracy of the nation, this study assesses which present-day financial literacy courses, programs, and electives are the most effective in increasing the amount of financial literacy in South Florida adolescents aged 14-18. Within this study, the evaluation research approach was applied using data gathered via an online survey shared by teachers across the region. Findings revealed that all students enrolled in a financial literacy course showcased a greater understanding of money management, especially those in single-year courses. When considering implications, increased awareness of the importance of financial literacy on a local scale and changes in state curriculum could prepare future generations to make sound financial decisions, and thus, strengthen the economy.