bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient-Controlled Analgesia in Postoperative Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Tsang J. , Brush B.
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this study was to assess, in the early postoperative period of cardiac surgery, the efficacy of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) versus nurse-administered intravenous morphine followed by oral acetaminophen with or without codeine. Patients undergoing coronary bypass and/or valvular surgery were recruited. All were under 75 years of age and were in stable angina with no ischaemic attacks within the last three months. Visual analog scores (VAS) were used for pain assessment. Pulmonary function tests were done preoperatively and measured every six hours after surgery until discharge from the intensive care unit. Patients allocated to the PCA group received morphine intravenously by a PCA Plus Micro Delivery Device for at least 48 hours. Patients entered into the nurse-administered intravenous morphine group received intravenous morphine followed by oral acetaminophen with or without codeine in 24 to 36 hours according to the clinical assessment of the critical care nurse. The data showed that the quality of pain control and pulmonary function were comparable in both groups. The equipotent morphine dosage requirements were also not statistically different. It was concluded that there was no significant advantage in using PCA routinely in the early postoperative period after cardiac surgery. Furthermore, repetition of PCA instructions was often required during the study period.
The Haemodynamic Effects of Propofol in Combination with Ephedrine in Elderly Patients (ASA Groups 3 and 4)
Authors: Gamlin F. , Freeman J. , Winslow L. , Berridge J. , Vucevic M.
Published: January 2019

The marked vasodilator and negative inotropic effects of propofol are disadvantages in frail elderly patients. We investigated the safety and efficacy of adding different doses of ephedrine to propofol in order to obtund the hypotensive response. The haemodynamic effects of adding 15, 20 or 25 mg of ephedrine to 200 mg of propofol were compared to control in 40 ASA 3/4 patients over 60 years presenting for genito-urinary surgery. The addition of ephedrine to propofol appears to be an effective method of obtunding the hypotensive response to propofol at all doses used in this study. However, marked tachycardia associated with the use of ephedrine in combination with propofol occurred in the majority of patients, occasionally reaching high levels in individual patients. Due to the risk of this tachycardia inducing myocardial ischemia, we would not recommend the use in elderly patients of any of the ephedrine/propofol mixtures studied.
Massive Transfusion and Hyperkalaemic Cardiac Arrest in Craniofacial Surgery in a Child
Authors: Buntain S. G. , Pabari M.
Published: January 2019

Hyperkalaemia is a recognised complication of massive blood transfusion. We present a case of hyperkalaemic cardiac arrest in a male infant of 12 months, who was undergoing craniofacial surgery for sagittal craniosynostosis. At the time of arrest the patient had received a massive transfusion of predominantly irradiated packed red cells over a two-hour period, and had a measured plasma potassium concentration of 10.1 mmol/l. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was successful after 15 minutes. On the basis of our laboratory data and a review of the available literature, we recommend the use of fresh, non-irradiated packed red cells whenever possible in paediatric surgery.
Simulating Runoff Quality with the Highway Runoff Database and the Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model
Authors: Granato Gregory E. , Jones Susan Cheung
Published: January 2019

Stormwater practitioners need quantitative information about the quality and volume of highway runoff to assess and mitigate potential adverse effects of runoff on the Nation’s receiving waters. The U.S. Geological Survey developed the Highway Runoff Database (HRDB) in cooperation with the FHWA to provide practice-ready information to meet these information needs on the local or national scale. This paper describes the datasets that are available in version 1.1 of the HRDB and demonstrates how data and statistics from the HRDB can be used with the Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model (SELDM) to simulate highway runoff. The HRDB includes 249 sites, 6,849 runoff events, and 106,869 event mean concentrations (EMCs) collected during the 1975–2017 period. It includes data from 16 States in the conterminous United States and from Hawaii. The EMCs in the HRDB include measurements for 415 different water-quality constituents. These water-quality measurements include 32,944 trace-metal; 27,496 organic; 15,684 nutrient; 13,016 physical property; 10,307 major inorganic; 6,773 sediment; and 649 other constituent values. There are large variations in the data. For example, EMCs for total suspended solids and total phosphorus range from 0.4 to 5,440 mg/L and 0.004 to 22 mg/L, respectively; geometric means range from 1.58 to 1,379 mg/L and 0.017 to 2.82 mg/L for these constituents, respectively. The example simulations indicate that risks for adverse effects of runoff can vary by orders of magnitude; the HRDB and SELDM facilitate selection of representative statistics from available datasets.
Use and Affordances of ICTs in Interorganizational Collaboration: An Exploratory Study of ICTs in Nonprofit Partnerships
Authors: Fu Jiawei Sophia , Cooper Katherine R. , Shumate Michelle
Published: January 2019

Interorganizational collaboration relies on the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs). However, previous ICT research often takes place within a single organization, lacking insight into how ICTs sustain interorganizational structures. This study examined both the product categories and functional uses of ICTs for interorganizational collaboration, drawing from surveys among a random sample of 181 human services nonprofit organizations in the United States. Results showed that email, teleconference, and shared repositories (e.g., Dropbox) were most popular product types. Content analysis revealed that ICTs were used for coordination, information sharing, relational communication, and client management and ICT utilities varied based on collaboration types. Analyses also indicated that collaboration type, as opposed to organizational attributes (e.g., organizational capacity, resources, size), was related to the frequency of ICT use in nonprofit collaboration. Theoretical contributions to the study of ICTs, interorganizational collaboration, and management communication are discussed.
Primary leptomeningeal gliomatosis in a domestic shorthaired cat
Authors: Zoll Whitney M. , Miller Andrew D. , Bandt Carston , Abbott Jeffrey R.
Published: January 2019

A 15-y-old neutered male domestic shorthaired cat was presented with a 16-d history of hindlimb paralysis in conjunction with 1-wk duration of inappetence and lethargy. Given intractable clinical signs, development of seizures, and poor prognosis, euthanasia was elected. Gross examination revealed mild, chronic, multifocal intervertebral disk disease; however, no gross abnormalities were noted in the spinal cord. Histologic examination of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal cord and the myelencephalon revealed diffuse and variable expansion of the meninges by sheets of neoplastic round-to-polygonal cells. The cells formed sheets and clusters, supported by a variably eosinophilic, fibrillar-to-basophilic, homogeneous matrix, and contained a small amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm. The nuclei were round with finely stippled to hyperchromatic chromatin and 1–2 small nucleoli. Mild white matter degeneration was present in the dorsal and ventral funiculi multifocally throughout the spinal cord, but was most severe in the ventral lumbar sections. Immunohistochemistry revealed strong intranuclear immunoreactivity for Olig2, and intracytoplasmic immunoreactivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein, MAP2, and vimentin in the neoplastic glial cells. To our knowledge, primary leptomeningeal gliomatosis has not been reported previously in a cat.
Cardiovascular Risk Reduction in the Workplace With CAMMPUS (Cardiovascular Assessment and Medication Management by Pharmacists at the UBC Site)
Authors: Gobis Barbara , Kapanen Anita I. , Reardon Jillian , Min Jason , Li Kathy H. , Lynd Larry D. , Zed Peter J.
Published: January 2019

Background: Cardiovascular (CV) disease is a leading cause of death despite being largely preventable. Employers increasingly offer preventive health programs in the workplace, and pharmacists are well suited to provide these programs. Objective: To evaluate the impact of a pharmacist-led service on CV risk in University of British Columbia (UBC) employees. Methods: This was a prospective observational pre-and-post design study, with participants as their own controls. Employees >18 years of age in the UBC health plan with a Framingham Risk Score (FRS) ≥10% or ≥1 medication-modifiable CV risk factor were included. Participants received a baseline assessment, individualized consultation for 12 months, and a final assessment by a pharmacist at the UBC Pharmacists Clinic. The primary end point was FRS reduction. Results: Baseline assessment of 512 participants between September 2015 and October 2016 yielded 207 (40%) participants, of whom 178 (86%) completed the 12-month intervention. Participants were 54% female and 55% Caucasian, with an average age of 51 (SD = 9.1) years. FRS at baseline was <10 in 45.8%, 10 to 19.9 in 37.9%, and ≥20 in 16.4% of participants. Over 12 months, significant reductions in average FRS (from 11.7 [SD = 7.7] to 10.7 [SD = 7.3]; P = 0.0017) and other parameters were observed. Significant improvements in quality of life (EQ5D change of 0.031 [95% CI = 0.001, 0.062] P = 0.023) and medication adherence (MMAS-8 change of 0.42 [ P = 0.019]) were also noted. Conclusions and Relevance: UBC employees had improvements in health markers, self-reported quality of life, and medication adherence after receiving a 12-month pharmacist-led intervention. Pharmacists are encouraged to provide CV risk reduction services in workplaces.
Criminogenic Needs as Intervening Factors in the Relation Between Insecure Attachments and Youth Sexual Violence
Authors: Yoder Jamie , Grady Melissa D. , Brown Adam , Dillard Rebecca
Published: January 2019

There is a strong theoretical and research base demonstrating the link between attachment styles and adolescent sexual offending. However, this relationship may be best explained by deficit-based mediational pathways including criminogenic needs such as emotional or affect regulation and callousness. Grady, Levenson, and Bolder propose a framework that details criminogenic needs as intermediary variables in the attachment–sexual offending relationship. Using data on adolescents adjudicated of sexual and nonsexual crimes in a Western state ( N = 200), two structural equation models (SEM) tested direct and indirect relationships between ambivalent and avoidant attachment styles (in separate models), dysregulation including cognitive and behavioral transitions, emotional control, and inhibited/impulsive behaviors, callousness, delinquency, and offending type (sexual or nonsexual offending). Results revealed statistically significant direct pathways between variables of interest and a multimediational effect of dysregulation and callousness in the relationship between insecure attachments and sexual offending. Treatment, policy, and research implications are discussed.
Can Social Justice Live in a House of Structural Racism? A Question for the Field of Evaluation
Authors: Caldwell Leon D. , Bledsoe Katrina L.
Published: January 2019

This article questions whether social justice can live within the structural racism present in the field of evaluation. Structural racism refers to the totality of ways in which societies foster racial discrimination through mutually reinforcing systems of housing, education, employment, earnings, benefits, credit, media, health care, and criminal justice. In order for social justice to be a professional standard of evaluation, the field must recognize, identify, and modify persistent learned behaviors associated with structural racism. We assert that all evaluators, regardless of demographic designation, are subject to perpetuating structural and institutional racism, found in the history and systems of the profession, by tacitly accepting the status quo norms of evaluation practice. Current norms, policies, and practices compromise the normalization of social justice in evaluation. Evaluators sanctioned and reinforced by their professional association, the American Evaluation Association, have the power to modify behaviors of evaluators that perpetuate social injustice in the discipline and field of professional evaluation. We highlight pioneering literature that intellectually protest and position paradigm shifts for equity. We acknowledge the presence of racial and ethnic colleagues, and professional statements about social justice as confrontations to structural racism found in the history and systems of the evaluation field. Finally, we propose a framework for professional behavior modification as a strategy for the extinction of structural racism in evaluation and assert that social justice can only be realized when structural racism is eradicated.
Dental emergencies at sea: A study in the French maritime TeleMedical Assistance Service
Authors: Binaisse Pierre , Dehours Emilie , Bodéré Céline , Chevalier Valérie , Le Fur Bonnabesse Anaïs
Published: January 2019

Introduction

The aim of the study was to assess the frequency, features and management of dental emergencies at sea in France.

Methods

A descriptive study was carried out by retrospectively examining medical records of patients who were assisted by the French maritime TeleMedical Assistance Service (TMAS) from 2012 to 2016. Data were ranked in different categories: socio-demographic data, diagnosis, prescription, and monitoring or treatment prescribed.

Results

The TMAS recorded 9122 medical files for all medical emergencies. Among these medical records 135 concerned oral diseases. The main causes for dental emergencies are dental abscess (51.8%), tooth decay (33.3%), and dental fracture (8.9%). Even where teledentistry is validated for remote screening and oral lesion diagnosis, management of dental emergencies mostly requires a dental procedure. On board, without special equipment and/or specifically trained healthcare workers, this management often results in the prescription of medication.

Discussion

The International Medical Guide for Ships published by the World Health Organization could be updated to suit the latest recommendations of dental emergency management. This could facilitate the addition of a medical act to dental management, resulting in more effective treatment. Furthermore, simple and specific equipment could be added to the medical supplies.
Laser-induced fluorescence measurements in a single-ring test rig: Evidence of cavitation and the effect of different operating conditions and lubricants in cavitation patterns and initiation
Authors: Dellis Polychronis
Published: January 2019

The laser-induced fluorescence technique is based on the excitation of molecules of a fluorescent material by a light source. The main advantage of this technique is that it has the potential to quantify the lubricant film thickness throughout the cycle. Similar to all the other optical techniques, it has this major advantage compared to the electrical techniques where the oil film can be measured only under the piston rings. In this work, experimental data from a simulating single-ring test rig are presented and further parametric analysis is given regarding cavitation in lubricants that was, at first, in the case of the single-ring test rig, evident in laser-induced fluorescence measurements. Different lubricants are used for the laser-induced fluorescence experiments and the different laser-induced fluorescence signals are analysed and interpreted compared to their physical and chemical properties and, furthermore, with the aid of imaging through a glass liner, a clearer picture is given regarding the cavitation shapes together with the respective laser-induced fluorescence measurements and cavitation initiation.
Book Review: A Very Short, Fairly Interesting and Reasonably Cheap Book about Qualitative Research
Authors: Wardle Judith
Published: January 2019

A book review of A Very Short, Fairly Interesting and Reasonably Cheap Book About Qualitative Research, by David Silverman (Sage Publications, 2007).
Book Review: The Drunkard's Walk - How Randomness Rules Our Lives
Authors: Mouncey Peter
Published: January 2019

A book review of The Drunkard's Walk: How Randomness Rules Our Lives, Leonard Mlodinow, Allen Lane, 2008
Semi-supervised hash learning method with consistency-based dimensionality reduction
Authors: Lv Fang , Wei Yuliang , Han Xixian , Wang Bailing
Published: January 2019

With the explosive growth of surveillance data, exact match queries become much more difficult for its high dimension and high volume. Owing to its good balance between the retrieval performance and the computational cost, hash learning technique is widely used in solving approximate nearest neighbor search problems. Dimensionality reduction plays a critical role in hash learning, as its target is to preserve the most original information into low-dimensional vectors. However, the existing dimensionality reduction methods neglect to unify diverse resources in original space when learning a downsized subspace. In this article, we propose a numeric and semantic consistency semi-supervised hash learning method, which unifies the numeric features and supervised semantic features into a low-dimensional subspace before hash encoding, and improves a multiple table hash method with complementary numeric local distribution structure. A consistency-based learning method, which confers the meaning of semantic to numeric features in dimensionality reduction, is presented. The experiments are conducted on two public datasets, that is, a web image NUS-WIDE and text dataset DBLP. Experimental results demonstrate that the semi-supervised hash learning method, with the consistency-based information subspace, is more effective in preserving useful information for hash encoding than state-of-the-art methods and achieves high-quality retrieval performance in multi-table context.
Importance analysis in two kinds of redundant systems: k-out-of-n and consecutive k-out-of-n: F systems
Authors: Dui Hongyan , Chen Liwei , Li Jinchao
Published: January 2019

The voting system is a kind of redundant system, and the k-out-of- n system and consecutive k-out-of- n system have been widely used in engineering practice. In this article, the marginal reliability importance and joint reliability importance in k-out-of- n: F systems and consecutive k-out-of- n: F systems are studied for some situations. Then, some properties and relevant remarks of the marginal reliability importance and joint reliability importance in two kinds of system models are analyzed for parameters p, k, and n. Finally, an oil pump transportation system is used to demonstrate the proposed method and illustrate the feasibility and practicality of the model.
On the safety effects of spatially aggregated traffic flow parameters at macro-levels
Authors: Wang Chen , Liu Lin , Lu Zhenbo
Published: January 2019

Traffic flow parameters have been found to significantly affect crash risk at micro-levels. If such effects do exist at macro-levels, at least two benefits could be expected: (1) the performance and estimates of planning-based crash models could be improved and (2) useful safety knowledge could be provided for regional traffic management. In this article, a flow-based spatial unit was developed by a graph-cut minimization method, based on which regional management strategies are often applied. The graph-cut method partitioned the central area of Kunshan, China, into multiple sub-regions (i.e. graph-cut unit), considering traffic density homogeneity. Bayesian Poisson lognormal models with conditional autoregressive priors were utilized to examine the safety effects of traffic flow parameters, based on the traditional planning-based units and the flow-based graph-cut units. According to the results, no significant traffic flow effect was found for the traffic analysis zone–based model. Traffic flow parameters resulted in a decreased model performance and potential endogeneity issues for the census tract–based model. However, traffic flow effects were found significant for the graph-cut-based model, with an improved model performance. In general, the safety effects of macro-level traffic flow need to be considered for flow-based units developed for regional management.
Signs of trouble: Semiotics, streetscapes, and the Republican struggle in the North of Ireland
Authors: Welch Michael
Published: January 2019

Just as the political divisions in the North of Ireland are subject to ongoing critique, so too is its culture that maintains what scholars recognize as contested heritage. Ethno-political symbols, such as flags and murals, not only point to certain identities but also mark their territory. Whereas those emblems have been the subject of extensive research, political posters remain an overlooked source of rich iconography. This article fills that void by examining a collection of posters on display at the Irish Republican History Museum in West Belfast. The posters, in their original incarnation, emboldened the streetscapes of urban zones during “the Troubles”—a euphemism used to depict sectarian violence from the 1960s to the 1990s. In their afterlife, those posters have been preserved as material artefacts consumed by political tourists interested in gaining insight into the dissonance of heritage. Semiotics—the study of signs—provides a theoretical paradigm for this interpretation of the posters and their meaning. Moreover, Juri Lotman’s notion of the semiosphere (semiotic space) adds a deeper layer of analysis by directing critical attention to the role of the boundary where the performance of signs is most intense.
How do lean and non-lean female collegiate athletes view the eating disorder education they receive from their coaches?
Authors: Hines Jarrod C , Wendorf Whitney L , Hennen Alexes N , Hauser Kelsey L , Mitchell Madeline M , Homa Jillian M
Published: January 2019

Extant research indicates that collegiate coaches often lack the knowledge or confidence required to provide their student–athletes with effective educational experiences related to eating disorders. The current study investigates the prevalence and quality of such experiences from the perspective of lean and non-lean female student–athletes at a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III institution. Participants were asked closed- and open-ended questions in an anonymous online survey. Lean and non-lean participants reported similar rates of education despite differential risk for eating disorders. Approximately 70% of student–athletes expressed a desire for a more comprehensive and long-term program of study. Participants’ confidence in identifying an eating disorder in a peer did not differ based on type of sport or education status, but those who were educated identified more appropriate potential symptoms than did those who were uneducated. This indicates some degree of educational effectiveness. However, education status and type of sport had no bearing on the likelihood of a participant speaking with their coach about their own or a peer’s potential disorder. Educational attempts were therefore insufficient to help student–athletes overcome the shame and consequential secrecy associated with eating disorders. Our results underscore the need for effective education for at-risk student–athletes while also clarifying that both lean and non-lean student–athletes often want to receive more comprehensive education about eating disorders. Current findings highlight specific areas of student–athlete interest about the topic and could be used to help coaches revise their educational efforts to enhance engagement and long-term retention of information.
Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Initiation Is Associated With Blood Pressure Reduction in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Markakis Konstantinos , Alam Tayiba , Jinadev Pushpa , Chapman Alyson , Urwin Andrea , Thabit Hood , Boulton Andrew J. M. , Rutter Martin K. , Leelarathna Lalantha
Published: January 2019

Background:

In type 1 diabetes (T1D) continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) use has been associated with lower risks for mortality and diabetes-related complications when compared to multiple daily injections. There are limited data on the effect of CSII on blood pressure (BP). We aimed to evaluate the relationship between CSII initiation and BP changes.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective, single-center, observational study including all adults with T1D who initiated CSII between 2001 and 2014. Mean systolic BP levels were calculated from values obtained up to 15 months before and up 15 months after CSII initiation.

Results:

We studied 436 adults (46% male; mean [95% CI] age: 45 [36, 54] years, duration of diabetes: 20.3 [19.1, 21.5] years). CSII was associated with the following changes (post minus pre CSII levels) in mean (95% CI) SBP and DBP levels, respectively: whole cohort (N = 436): −2 (−1, −3), P < .001 and −2 (−1, −2), P < .001; those taking stable antihypertensive medication (n = 118): −4 (−6, −2), P < .001 and −2 (−3, −1), P < .001; antihypertensive treatment-naïve patients (n = 279): −1 (−2, 0), P = .147 and −1 (−2, 0), P = .002. In multivariate regression analysis including age, sex, diabetes duration, pre-CSII BP, HbA1c and weight changes, only pre-CSII BP showed an independent association with BP drop in all patients’ groups. Once adjusted for pre-CSII BP there was no significant difference between those on antihypertensive drugs and antihypertensive treatment-naïve individuals.

Conclusions:

We showed BP reduction in association with CSII therapy particularly in those on antihypertensive medication. These original findings may partly explain the cardiovascular and mortality benefits associated with CSII therapy.
Predictive Glucose Trends From Continuous Glucose Monitoring: Friend or Foe in Clinical Decision Making?
Authors: Fantasia Kathryn , Modzelewski Katherine , Steenkamp Devin
Published: January 2019

In this commentary, we briefly review the currently recommended approaches to interpretation and management of continuous glucose monitor (CGM) rate of change (ROC) trend arrows and discuss the inherent difficulty in incorporating practical recommendations for their application into routine clinical care. We have limited our review and discussion to the currently available Dexcom G5 and G6 CGM systems and Abbott’s Freestyle Libre flash glucose monitor (FGM) system, as they are the most widely used and currently approved for nonadjunctive use in the United States.
Selectively activated PRP exerts differential effects on tendon stem/progenitor cells and tendon healing
Authors: Zhang Jianying , Nie Daibang , Williamson Kelly , Rocha Jorge L , Hogan MaCalus V , Wang James H-C
Published: January 2019

To understand the variable efficacy with platelet rich plasma (PRP) treatments for tendon injury, we determined the differential effects of proteinase-activated receptor (PAR)1- or PAR4-activated PRP (PAR1-PRP, PAR4-PRP) from humans on human patellar tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSCs) and tendon healing. We show that PAR1-PRP released VEGF, whereas PAR4-PRP released endostatin. Treatment of TSCs with PAR1-PRP increased collagen I expression and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), but cells treated with PAR4-PRP increased less collagen I and higher MMP-2 expression. The wound area treated with PAR4-PRP formed tendon-like tissues with well-organized collagen fibers and fewer blood vessels, while PAR1-PRP treatment resulted in the formation of blood vessels and unhealed tissues. These findings indicate that differential activation of PRP leads to different effects on TSCs and tendon healing. We suggest that based on acute or chronic type of tendon injury, selective activation of PRP should be applied in clinics in order to treat injured tendons successfully.
Three-dimensional printing of a patient-specific engineered nasal cartilage for augmentative rhinoplasty
Authors: Yi Hee-Gyeong , Choi Yeong-Jin , Jung Jin Woo , Jang Jinah , Song Tae-Ha , Chae Suhun , Ahn Minjun , Choi Tae Hyun , Rhie Jong-Won , Cho Dong-Woo
Published: January 2019

Autologous cartilages or synthetic nasal implants have been utilized in augmentative rhinoplasty to reconstruct the nasal shape for therapeutic and cosmetic purposes. Autologous cartilage is considered to be an ideal graft, but has drawbacks, such as limited cartilage source, requirements of additional surgery for obtaining autologous cartilage, and donor site morbidity. In contrast, synthetic nasal implants are abundantly available but have low biocompatibility than the autologous cartilages. Moreover, the currently used nasal cartilage grafts involve additional reshaping processes, by meticulous manual carving during surgery to fit the diverse nose shape of each patient. The final shapes of the manually tailored implants are highly dependent on the surgeons’ proficiency and often result in patient dissatisfaction and even undesired separation of the implant. This study describes a new process of rhinoplasty, which integrates three-dimensional printing and tissue engineering approaches. We established a serial procedure based on computer-aided design to generate a three-dimensional model of customized nasal implant, and the model was fabricated through three-dimensional printing. An engineered nasal cartilage implant was generated by injecting cartilage-derived hydrogel containing human adipose-derived stem cells into the implant containing the octahedral interior architecture. We observed remarkable expression levels of chondrogenic markers from the human adipose-derived stem cells grown in the engineered nasal cartilage with the cartilage-derived hydrogel. In addition, the engineered nasal cartilage, which was implanted into mouse subcutaneous region, exhibited maintenance of the exquisite shape and structure, and striking formation of the cartilaginous tissues for 12 weeks. We expect that the developed process, which combines computer-aided design, three-dimensional printing, and tissue-derived hydrogel, would be beneficial in generating implants of other types of tissue.
Distal radial artery: The last extreme rescue arterial access for interventional radiologists?
Authors: Boncoraglio Andrea , Caltabiano Giuseppe , Foti Pietro Valerio , Mammino Luca , Failla Giovanni , Palmucci Stefano , Basile Antonio
Published: January 2019

Transradial artery approach as primary access for transcatheter diagnosis and intervention is associated with lower risk of bleeding and major vascular complications, improved patient comfort and shorter time to hemostasis and ambulation than femoral one. Patient’s adequate hand collateral perfusion, assessed by the Barbeau test, must be depicted prior to transradial artery approach in order to assess any absolute contraindication (D waveform). We describe the distal transradial artery approach, recently proposed for coronary interventions, used in emergency to embolize an intestinal bleeding in an 84-year-old woman and a left pectoralis major muscle bleeding in an 83-year-old woman, both with high risk of bleeding for femoral approach and contraindication for transradial artery approach (Barbeau D waveform).
The Effect of Total Knee Arthroplasty on Physical Activity and Body Mass Index: An Analysis of the Osteoarthritis Initiative Cohort
Authors: Rezzadeh Kevin , Behery Omar A. , Kester Benjamin S. , Long William J. , Schwarzkopf Ran
Published: January 2019

Introduction:

Preliminary analysis of accelerometry measurements has shown physical activity may not increase significantly after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study evaluates the effect of TKA on physical activity accelerometry measurements and body mass index (BMI).

Methods:

Using the multicenter Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) database, a cohort of patients with physical activity level accelerometry measurements and BMI before and after TKA was identified. Physical activity levels and BMI were acquired at pre-TKA and post-TKA accelerometry visits 2 years apart. Survey scores pertaining to knee functionality and quality of life were also analyzed before and after knee surgery. Each patient included in the study had a unilateral TKA completed between these 2 accelerometry visits. Accelerometry measurements, BMI of the patients, and survey scores relating to knee functionality and pain relief from before and after TKA were compared using paired samples t tests.

Results:

Twenty-three patients from the OAI database were identified for the paired analysis. They were evaluated at a mean postoperative follow-up of 15 months. There were no statistically significant differences between the post-TKA group and pre-TKA group for the accelerometry variables and BMI, though patients experienced a significant improvement in knee function and pain relief measures included in this analysis.

Discussion:

Although TKA can successfully restore function and relieve pain, there remains no good evidence that neither physical activity nor BMI improve postoperatively.

Conclusion:

No significant differences in physical activity and BMI were observed after TKA in this study.
Low Rates of Survival Seen in Orthopedic Patients Receiving In-Hospital Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Fletcher James W. A. , Smith Adam , Walsh Katherine , Riddick Andrew
Published: January 2019

Introduction:

Despite awareness of overall poor survival rates following cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), some orthopedic patients with significant comorbidities continue to have inappropriate resuscitation plans. Furthermore, in certain injury groups such as patients with hip fractures, survival outcome data are very limited; current discussions regarding resuscitation plans may be inaccurate. This study assesses survival in orthopedic patients following CPR, to inform decision-making between physicians, surgeons, and patients.

Methods:

A dual center, retrospective cohort study was performed analyzing all orthopedic admissions that received CPR over a 25-month period, with a minimum of 1 year follow-up. National Cardiac Arrest Audit data, “mortality and morbidity” meeting records, National Hip Fracture Databases, and electronic notes were analyzed. Survival duration was measured, alongside reason for admission, location CPR occurred, and initial rhythm encountered.

Results:

Thirty-two patients received CPR over the 25-month period (median age: 83; range: 30-96). Three (9%) of 32 patients survived to discharge. Only 1 of the 26 patients older than 65 years survived to discharge. Fifteen (47%) of 32 had hip fractures, where 4 (27%) of 15 of this group survived 24 hours; none survived to discharge. When recorded, 22 (92%) of 24 initially had a nonshockable rhythm.

Discussion:

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was conceptualized as a treatment for reversible cardiopulmonary causes. When used in trauma and orthopedic patients, especially older and/or hip fracture patients, it seldom led to hospital discharge. Different admission practices such as “front door” orthogeriatric reviews may explain the contrast in usage of CPR between the hospitals.

Conclusion:

Survival rates following CPR were very low, with it proving specifically ineffective in hip fracture patients. Although every decision about resuscitation should be patient centered and individualized, this study will allow clinicians to be more realistic about outcomes from CPR, particularly in the hip fracture group.
Comunicação e mobilidade: proposta de procedimento metodológico para o entendimento da audiência mobile através de um estudo de caso do UBILAB/PUCRS
Authors: Campos Pellanda Eduardo , Fagundes Pase André , Bisso Nunes Ana Cecilia , Streck Melissa , De Souza Daniele Ramos , Pereira Isabella Mércio
Published: January 2019

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo el entendimiento de uso y contexto de la comunicación móvil. La observación de comportamientos y usos de la audiencia de dispositivos móviles en tiempo real, un objetivo peculiar de investigación, requirió la creación de una metodología de estudio diferenciada, especialmente en la combinación de estrategias en virtud de su naturaleza. Esto ocurre tanto en el sentido técnico, tanto por el sofware utilizado para captura, como en los aspectos humanos, pues también hubo diálogo con participantes dispuestos a emplear de forma natural un aparato monitoreado. Ello fue realizado sin que los hábitos de uso fuesen corrompidos, pues los usuarios estaban conscientes del proceso. En esta primera versión del método, fue desarrollado un sofware de registro y totalización de datos de 17 aparatos semejantes. Las informaciones fueron utilizadas, posteriormente, en la formulación de entrevistas en profundidad, que resultaron en representaciones gráficas de intensidad de uso de determinadas aplicaciones de acuerdo con el momento del día. El procedimiento fue validado durante 60 días y demostró ser una forma de comprender hábitos de uso del smartphone, así como sus peculiaridades, mientras que permitió ir hasta los límites del sistema operacional para monitoreo y dentro del alcance de la investigación en comunicación.
Ciberativismo LGBT: uma análise das publicações da iniciativa #VoteLGBT (Brasil)
Authors: Lopes John Willian , De Souza Nunes Patrícia , Furtado Veloso Maria do Socorro
Published: January 2019

Este artículo analiza los contenidos producidos por la campaña ciberactivista #Votelgbt, surgida durante el período electoral brasileño de 2014, en redes de comunicación digital distribuida, y centrada en el aumento de la participación y representación política lgbt. El corpus se compone de publicaciones realizadas en página de la red social Facebook, durante los dos primeros momentos de actuación de la campaña (2014 y 2016). A partir del análisis de contenido bardiniano, se concluye que las principales intenciones de comunicación empleadas se volvieron a la sensibilización y convocatoria (llamada a la acción) de los electores, reflejando la legitimidad de las pautas y la importancia del compromiso en los procesos institucionales de participación.
Editorial
Authors: Colussi Ribeiro Juliana
Published: January 2019

Editorial del volumen 12, número 1, dedicado a Comunicación y dispositivos móviles
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Preferensi Mahasiswa terhadap Perbankan Syariah
Authors: Fathurrahman Ayif , Azizah Umi
Published: January 2019

This research proposed to determine the factors of customer preferences in Islamic or Sharia banking. The research sampling which being use is the students of Economic studies mainly in 5th semester and 7th semester. The research designed in quantitative research by collecting data using questionnaires. Analysis technique using doubled linear regression. The result indicates that (1) Religion or beliefs have positive effect towards the rate of Economic Studies students preferences in Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta University towards Sharia Banking; (2) Costs factor has adverse effect but further insignificant towards the level of Economic Studies students preferences in Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta University towards Sharia Banking; (3) Benefits factor has positive effect yet negligible to the level of Economic Studies students preferences in Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta University towards Sharia Banking; (4) Facilities factor carry out positive impact towards the rate of Economic Studies students preferences in Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta University towards Sharia Banking; (5) Knowledge factor positively affected towards the rate of Economic Studies students preferences in Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta University towards Sharia Banking.
O noticiário criminal e os repórteres policiais dos jornais da cidade do Rio de Janeiro no início do século XX
Authors: Silva Thiago Torres Medeiros da
Published: January 2019

No presente artigo, objetivamos reconstituir a trajetória dos repórteres policiais da cidade do Rio de Janeiro no início do século XX. Neste período, alguns desses repórteres foram testemunhas nos processos criminais de assassinatos ocorridos na Capital Federal. Dessa forma, pretendemos apresentar esses casos e, em seguida, tentaremos recompor a trajetória desses personagens. Com este fito, seguiremos os vestígios dos repórteres nas páginas dos impressos cariocas. No entanto, antes disso, iremos expor algumas características que ilustram o sucesso das notícias de crimes no cotidiano da cidade. A predileção do público foi determinante para a intensa divulgação dos crimes na imprensa.
Lutero, Müntzer e a Revolução do Homem Comum (1524-1525)
Authors: Caldas Marcos José de Araújo
Published: January 2019

A guerra dos camponeses alemães, que durou de 1524 a 1525, foi conhecida como ‘o maior evento natural da história do Estado Alemão’ (Leopond von Ranke). Desde pelo menos o século XVIII as guerras camponesas na Alemanha produziram uma vasta bibliografia com diferentes interpretações. Este pequeno ensaio analisa as tendências da historiografia atual sobre o assunto e traz uma proposta de tradução dos famosos 12 artigos dos camponeses da Suábia Superior, considerados um dos mais importantes documentos dos direitos humanos e das liberdades civis após a queda do império romano.
PERFIL NEUROPSICOLÓGICO TÍPICO E ATÍPICO NA DEMÊNCIA DE ALZHEIMER: DIFICULDADES DIAGNÓSTICAS EM TRÊS ESTUDOS DE CASO
Authors: Martorelli Pinho Marina , Norte Carlos Eduardo , Nogueira da Gama Chaves Daniel , Charchat-Fichman Helenice
Published: January 2019

Resumo: A Demência de Alzheimer (DA) é tipicamente caracterizada por déficits precoces na memória episódica, seguidos de déficits em outras funções cognitivas. Entretanto, estudos recentes mostram que déficits precoces em outras funções cognitivas podem estar presentes, configurando um tipo não-amnéstico na DA, denominada DA atípica. Dessa forma, esse estudo tem o objetivo de analisar a heterogeneidade neuropsicológica descrevendo três estudos de casos de demência de Alzheimer. Método: o trabalho consiste na análise de três casos de DA. Uma avaliação neuropsicológica extensa foi realizada em todos eles. Resultados e discussão: os resultados desses estudos de caso mostram dois perfis cognitivos distintos – um típico e um atípico. Compreender essa heterogeneidade cognitiva na DA é necessária para diagnósticos precoces, e consequentes, terapias mais específicas e personalizadas para esses pacientes.Palavras-chave: Doença de Alzheimer. Neuropsicologia. Demência. Diagnóstico.Abstract: Alzheimer's Dementia (AD) is typically characterized by early deficits in episodic memory, followed by deficits in other cognitive functions. However, recent studies show that early deficits in other cognitive functions may be present, configuring a non-amnestic type in AD, which were referred to as “atypical”. Thus, this study aims to present the neuropsychological heterogeneity describing three case studies of Alzheimer's disease.  Method: this study consists of the analysis of 3 cases of AD and extensive neuropsychological evaluation was performed in the analyzed cases. Results and Discussion: the results of this case study show two distinct cognitive profiles - one typical and one atypical. Understanding this cognitive heterogeneity in AD is necessary for early diagnosis, and consequent, more specific and customized therapies for these patients.Keywords: Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychology. Dementia. Diagnosis
A GESTÃO DEMOCRÁTICA LOCAL: DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS DOS INSTRUMENTOS DELIBERATIVOS NO BRASIL
Authors: Juruena Cynthia Gruendling , Friedrich Denise Bittencourt
Published: January 2019

O presente artigo visou abordar a democracia deliberativa e a sua imprescindibilidade na esfera local, a fim de que a partir desse lócus possa haver uma ampliação no diálogo entre Estado e sociedade, para que assim os cidadãos tenham maior participação nos assuntos públicos. Dessa forma, tratou-se primeiramente as matrizes teóricas da democracia deliberativa, conferindo um enfoque ao referencial de Jürgen Habermas. Após, enfatizou-se a importância do espaço local na interlocução entre Estado e sociedade, destacando a proximidade dos cidadãos com o ente local. Nesse sentido, a partir da esfera local, realizou-se uma análise dos instrumentos de deliberação pública existentes, e se os mesmos são suficientes para possibilitar essa ampliação no diálogo do Estado e dos cidadãos e se correspondem aos preceitos teóricos de democracia deliberativa de Habermas. Os resultados preliminares foram que há a necessidade de uma formatação nos instrumentos participativos e deliberativos para que de fato possibilitem o processo democrático deliberativo, visto que os instrumentos disponíveis apresentam entraves que dificultam a participação dos cidadãos nas deliberações. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada na presente pesquisa foi o método hipotético-dedutivo, onde partiu-se da hipótese de que os espaços deliberativos são insuficientes para uma aproximação dos cidadãos e do poder público.
Existem Direitos Absolutos? Direitos Humanos, Autonomia do Direito e a Esfera do Indecidível
Authors: De Oliveira Marcus Vinícius Xavier
Published: January 2019

Existem direitos absolutos? É possível, em outros termos, relativizar e ponderar a todos os direitos assegurados constitucional e internacionalmente, de forma a se afetar, negativamente, os programas normativos que objetivam, em último grau, conceder aos indivíduos uma esfera de proteção contra o poder do Estado? Estes dois problemas se constituem no leitmotiv do presente trabalho, cuja principal objetivo foi o de buscar a resposta desde uma perspectiva essencialmente jurídica, tomando como norte, de um lado, o postulado da autonomia normativa do direito face a outras formas de normalização da vida social, e de outro lado, aferir, desde a própria sistematicidade e textualidade dos direitos humanos e fundamentais, se a regra da relatividade dos direitos incide, inter alia, sobre o direito a não ser torturado ou ser desaparecido. Assim, logo após delimitar o âmbito discurso na Filosofia do Direito, bem como discutir sobre o caráter absoluto e/ou relativo dos direitos em geral, firmou-se no terceiro tópico o caráter não-restringível – absoluto – de determinados direitos. Logo após, buscou-se discutir o tema da efetividade desde a teoria da esfera do indecidível sustentada por Luigi Ferrajoli. Os métodos de pesquisa foram o crítico e o dedutivo, tendo-se adotado o procedimento da pesquisa bibliográfica.
MERCANTILIZAÇÃO DO ESPAÇO URBANO E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES NA CONCEPÇÃO DE CIDADES JUSTAS, DEMOCRÁTICAS, INCLUSIVAS E HUMANAS
Authors: CENCI DANIEL RUBENS , Seffrin Geciana
Published: January 2019

Resumo: O direito à cidade, sob a perspectiva dos direitos humanos é permeado por um conjunto de temas bastante amplo e complexo. Com esta temática o presente artigo analisa o direito à cidade, os principais fatores que impedem, dificultam ou simplesmente influenciam de alguma maneira, a materialização de cidades sustentáveis num sentido mais abrangente. Realiza-se uma breve exploração acerca dos principais efeitos e influências da mercantilização do espaço urbano no processo de materialização de cidade mais justas, democráticas, humanas e inclusivas. Para alcançar os resultados da proposta, o trabalho é elaborado mediante pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, orientada no método de abordagem hipotético-dedutivo, adotando como método de procedimento o método histórico e comparativo sendo, por fim, adotado o método sociológico de análise e interpretação. A superação das contradições do contexto que mercantiliza o espaço urbano, apresenta-se como passo fundamental para solucionar a crise urbana que se mostra insustentável, na qual o aumento da riqueza de alguns exacerba a miséria de outros, refletindo-se na necessidade de combinar a adoção de estratégias de inclusão social que fortaleçam a democracia, a equidade, a descentralização da riqueza e do poder, valorizando os processos de desenvolvimento local, em vista de cidades mais justas e inclusivas.