bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Cambodia
Authors: Küpfer Laura , Meng Bun , Laurent Denis , Zimmermann Martin , Niggli Felix , Bourquin Jean-Pierre , Malene Iv
Published: March 2021

Background. The treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
(ALL) remains challenging in low-income countries. Here we evaluate the
experience with a modified Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM) treatment
protocol ALL-Moscow Berlin (MB)-91 at the Kantha Bopha hospitals, a
charity-funded institution providing free pediatric care in Cambodia.
Methods. This is a retrospective study including 110 unselected patients
aged 9 months to 14 years diagnosed with ALL between 2015 and 2017.
Patients were stratified in high- (HR) and standard-risk (SR) groups
based on clinical criteria. The cumulative doses of anthracyclines were
reduced to 120 mg/m2 for SR patients and consolidation was based on
Capizzi methotrexate elements instead of cyclophosphamide, cytarabine
and high dose methotrexate. Supportive empiric antibiotic treatment and
whole blood transfusions were possible. Results. 63 patients (57 %)
were HR, mostly based on high leukemia burden with hyperleukocytosis
> 50 G/l, massive lymph node and hepato-splenic
involvement, reflecting a high disease burden. 72 patients (65.5%)
reached complete remission (CR) on day 36. The estimated 3-year overall
survival (OS) was 34.9 %, 50.5 % for SR and 23.4 % for HR patients.
Most events were due to severe infections (40 (53.3 %)) and bleeding
(15 (20 %)), mostly during induction and consolidation. Relapse was
confirmed in 13 cases (11.8 %). No patients abandoned treatment.
Conclusion. ALL chemotherapy is feasible in a charity-funded public
institution with results comparable to other low-middle income
countries, but treatment-related mortality remains limiting. This will
justify investments in diagnostics to stratify more patients for reduced
intensity treatment and in supportive care.
NMDA receptors in the insular cortex modulate cardiovascular and autonomic but not neuroendocrine responses to restraint stress in rats
Authors: Goulart Melissa , Busnardo Cristiane , Belem-Filho Ivaldo , Benini Ricardo , Fassini Aline , Crestani Carlos Cesar , Godoy Ana Caroline , Correa Fernando , Alves Fernando Henrique
Published: March 2021

Background and Purpose: The insular cortex (IC) is a brain structure
involved in the modulation of autonomic, cardiovascular and
neuroendocrine adjustments during stress situations. However, the local
neurochemical mechanisms involved in the control of these responses by
the IC are poorly understood. Glutamate is a prominent excitatory
neurotransmitter in the brain. Thus, the current study aimed to
investigate the involvement of glutamatergic neurotransmission within
the IC in cardiovascular, autonomic and neuroendocrine responses to
acute restraint stress. Experimental Approach: The selective NMDA
glutamate receptor antagonist LY235959 (1 nmol/100 nL) and the selective
non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist NBQX (1 nmol/100 nL) were
microinjected into the IC 10 min before the onset of restraint stress.
Key Results: The antagonism of NMDA receptors within the IC potentiated
the restraint-evoked increases in both arterial pressure and heart rate,
while non-NMDA blockade had no effect on these parameters. Spontaneous
baroreflex analysis demonstrated that microinjection of LY235959 into
the IC decreased baroreflex activity during restraint stress. The
decrease in tail skin temperature during restraint stress was shifted to
an increase in animals treated with the NMDA receptor antagonist.
Moreover, the blockade of IC glutamate receptors did not affect the
increase in circulating corticosterone levels during restraint stress.
Conclusion and Implications: Overall, our findings provide evidence that
IC glutamatergic signalling, acting via NMDA receptors, plays a
prominent role in the control of autonomic and cardiovascular responses
to restraint stress but does not affect neuroendocrine adjustments.
Asthma phenotypes, associated comorbidities, and long-term symptoms in COVID-19
Authors: Eggert Lauren , He Ziyuan , Collins William , Lee Alexandra , Dhondalay Gopal , Jiang Shirley , Fitzpatrick Jessica , Snow Theo , Pinsky Benjamin , Artandi Maja , Barman Linda , Puri Rajan , Wittman Richard , Blomkalns Andra , Cao Shu , O'Hara Ruth , Ahuja Neera , Desai Manisha , Sindher Sayantani , Nadeau Kari , Chinthrajah Sharon
Published: March 2021

Background: It is unclear if asthma and its allergic phenotype are risk
factors for hospitalization or severe disease from SARS-CoV-2. Methods:
All patients testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 between March 1 and
September 30, 2020, were retrospectively identified and characterized
through electronic analysis at Stanford. A sub-cohort was followed
prospectively to evaluate long-term COVID-19 symptoms. Results: 168,190
patients underwent SARS-CoV-2 testing, and 6,976 (4·15%) tested
positive. In a multivariate analysis, asthma was not an independent risk
factor for hospitalization (OR 1·12 [95% CI 0·86, 1·45], p=0·40).
Among SARS-CoV-2 positive asthmatics, allergic asthma lowered the risk
of hospitalization and had a protective effect compared to non-allergic
asthma (OR 0·52 (0·28, 0·91), p=0·026); there was no association between
baseline medication use as characterized by GINA and hospitalization
risk. Patients with severe COVID-19 disease had lower eosinophil levels
during hospitalization compared to patients with mild or asymptomatic
disease, independent of asthma status (p=0.0014). In a patient
sub-cohort followed longitudinally, asthmatics and non-asthmatics had
similar time to resolution of COVID-19 symptoms, particularly lower
respiratory symptoms. Conclusions: Asthma is not a risk factor for more
severe COVID-19 disease. Allergic asthmatics were half as likely to be
hospitalized with COVID-19 compared to non-allergic asthmatics. Lower
levels of eosinophil counts (allergic biomarkers) were associated with
more severe COVID-19 disease trajectory. Recovery was similar among
asthmatics and non-asthmatics with over 50% of patients reporting
ongoing lower respiratory symptoms three months post-infection.
Mapping seasonal and interannual Non-Structural Carbohydrate variation to drought-resistance strategies in eastern Amazon tree species
Authors: Brum Mauro , Saleska Scott , Alves Luciana F , Penha Deliane , Ivanov Valeriy , Restrepo-Coupe Natalia , Albert Loren , Oliveira-Junior Raimundo , Moura José Mauro , Mião Sarah , Signori-Müller Caroline , Prohaska Neill , Aragão Luiz , Oliveira Rafael
Published: March 2021

Carbon allocation to non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) is essential for
plant metabolism playing an important role in tree responses to drought.
It is still unclear if and how interspecific hydraulic trait variation
modulates NSC concentration dynamics in different plant organs,
particularly in tropical tree species. We investigated whether
drought-resistance strategies (inferred from hydraulic traits) explain
seasonal and interannual NSC dynamics in leaves, branches, trunks, and
roots in seasonal eastern Amazon tree species in Brazil. We measured NSC
concentration in eight abundant species during three years, including
the end of the wet and dry seasons of the typical regular years
(2013-2014) and the extreme drought induced by El Niño–Southern
Oscillation in 2015 (ENSO). Organs have an important contribution to
explain the starch (ST), soluble sugar (SS), and NSC variance among
trees. We showed seasonal and year-to-year homeostasis in ST and SS
concentrations in a majority of organs during 2013 and 2014, but SS
increased in all organs during the extreme ENSO drought, while the ST
concentration did not. The increase in SS concentration was more evident
in woody organs from species with intermediate and tolerant drought
strategies. The drought-tolerant species maintain higher root starch
concentrations and mobilize more SS during extreme drought.
Uygur Halk Destanlarında Rüya Motifi
Authors: ELI Tursunay
Published: March 2021

Eski zamanlardan beri, rüyalar ve edebiyat ayrılmaz bir bağ oluşturdu.Rüya kültürünün kökeni eski zamanlara kadar uzanabilir ve Uygur “kehanet kitabı”nda rüya yorumları kaydedilmiştir.Rüya halk edebiyatındaki en etkileyici sanatsal araçlardan biridir Uygur halk destanlarında temaları ifade etmek, arazileri oluşturmak ve karakterleri tasvir etmek için rüya kullanılır.Rüyalar genellikle zengin hayal gücü ve eşsiz çekicilik kazandırır, bu da rüyalar ve Uygur destanları arasındaki ilişkiyi dağa derin incelemenin değerini gösterir."Oğuz Kağan" dan "Abdurahman Han"a kadar çok sayıdaki destanda rüya tasviri var. Destanlarda rüyalar "doğum alâmeti", "rüyada gören birine aşk olma", "rüyada yardım", "rüyada haber verme" gibi şekillerde mevcut,rüyalar geçmiş yıllardaki atalarımızın ruhsal arayışını yükler ve ruhsal keşiflerini kaydeder. Uyghur destanları rüya tasvirine dayanarak engelleri bozmaya, kendi dünyasını yansatmaya ve kendini aşmaya hazırlanır.Bu bildiri çerçevresinde Uyghur destanlarındaki rüya motifine odaklanarak,Uyghur destanlarında raslanan rüya motifleri tartışılır,rüya motifine yüklenen dini bilinç, ulusal yaşam alışkanlıklarıç ve etnik bilinç analiz edilir.
Bir Etnografi Alegorisi Olarak Karanlığın Sol Eli Romanı
Authors: Kükrer Meriç
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışma etnografiyi, Ursula Le Guin’in Karanlığın Sol Eli romanı aracılığıyla tartışmaya açarken okuyucuyu da etnografinin metinselleştirme stratejileri üzerine düşünmeye davet ediyor. Araştırma, etnografiyi odağına alarak ilerlerken diğer yandan metinlerarası bir bakış sunmayı hedefliyor. Basitçe, etnografiyi araştırmacı ile araştırılanın karşılaşma tecrübesi ve bu tecrübenin bir tür metne dönüşmesi olarak gören bakıştan hareket eden bu çalışma, romanda gezegenler arası seyahat eden “erkek” bir elçinin androjenlerle karşılaşma tecrübesini etnografik metinselleştirmenin doğası içinden okuyor. Bu bağlamda romandaki elçinin tecrübesini ifade ediş biçimi ile etnografik anlatı örtüştürülerek “bir metin olarak etnografi” tartışmaya açılıyor. Bu çerçevede kurmaca bir karşılaşmayı metne dönüştürürken etnografinin metinselleştirme stratejilerini kullanan bu kurgu, etnografi alegorisi olarak yeniden tanımlanıyor. Buradan hareketle de etnografinin metinselleştirme biçimlerine kulak veriliyor. Romanın üzerine inşa edildiği “kadın ya da erkek gibi kesin bir cinsiyetin bulunmadığı, dolayısıyla da biyolojik cinsiyetin toplumsal ifadesinin olmadığı bir evrende nasıl bir sosyal yapı inşa edilebilirdi” sorusu ve bunun cevabı olarak roman, etnografinin akıl yürütmesi içinden anlamdırılıyor. Bu bağlamda da Karanlığın Sol Eli romanı; ethosu yakalamak, gündelik hayat ve yoğun betimlemeler ile etnografın tecrübeleri eksenlerinde ele alınıyor.
The Recurrence of an Indian Dream, Magic Seeds
Authors: Gözen Hacer
Published: March 2021

Magic Seeds, bir toplumun değer yargılarının sıfırlansa bile, o toplumun yeniden inşasında bu değer yargılarının sadece şekil değiştirerek başladıkları yere döndüğü kurgusal ama aynı zamanda gerçek dünyanın bir yansımasıdır. Kimlik ve bir ev arayışında olan Willie, çareyi Gerilla düzenine katılmakta bulur. Ama burada aslında hiçbir zaman kaçamayacağı geçmişin gölgesiyle savaşmaktadır. Geçmişin gölgesi hiyerarşinin ta kendisidir ve bu makalede hiyerarşi, anarşizm ve düzen arayışı içindeki bitmeyen dönüşüm Magic Seeds adlı roman üzerinden incelenmektedir.
Values Folklore in West Lampung Indonesia
Authors: Maydiantoro Albet
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışma, Lampung Eyaleti, West Lampung’daki folklorun envanterini
çıkarmayı ve haritalamayı ve folklorun içerdiği kültürel değerleri ortaya çıkarmayı
amaçlamaktadır. Bu araştırma türü, West Lampung’da yaşayan insanların hedef
kitle olduğu ortamlarda nitel tanımlayıcıdır. Örnekler, kartopu yöntemi ile amaçlı
örnekleme yoluyla seçilmiştir. Yanıtlayanlar olarak hareket eden kaynak kişiler,
belirli kriterlere göre belirlendi; topluluk liderleri, geleneksel liderler, folklor
hakkında doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak bilgi sahibi olan kişiler veya resmi bir
hükümet liderleri gibi. Bu çalışmada kullanılan birincil ve ikincil veri olmak üzere
iki tür veri vardır. Birincil veriler doğrudan katılımcılarla yapılan görüşmelerden
elde edilirken, ikincil veriler dolaylı olarak araştırma temasıyla ilgili kitaplar
ve tarihsel kayıtlar aracılığıyla elde edilmiş; yazılı ve sözlü kaynaklardan
yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmada folklorun içerdiği kültürel değerleri belirlemek için
veri analizi yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar, West Lampung’da yedi folklor ürünü ortaya
konulmuştur: 1) Si Pahit Lidah ve Si Mata Empat (Acı Dilin Hikâyesi ve Dört
Göz), 2) Naga Danau Ranau (Ranau Gölü Ejderhası), 3 ) Asal Mula Nama Desa
Sri Menanti (Sri Menant Köyü’nün kökeni), 4) Kisah Batu Katai ve Larangan
Menikah Antara Warga Desa Gandasuli dan Desa Kunyanyan (Katai Taşının
Hikâyesi ve Gandasuli ve Kunyanyan Köyü Sakinleri Arasındaki Yasak Evlilik),
5 ) Batu Kepampang (Kepampang Stone), 6) Kisah Si Beguk Sakti (The Story of
the Magic Mumps), ve 7) Asal-usul Nama Way Mengaku (The Origins of Way
Mengaku). Bu ürünlerde saptanan folklorik değerler; sosyal, dinsel, geleneksel
değerler; kibir, açgözlülük, sadakat ve kıskançlık olarak belirlenmiştir.
The Effect of Brand Credibility, Brand Image and Customer Satisfaction on Behavioural Intentions in Traditional Medicine Market
Authors: Oppong Peter Kwasi
Published: March 2021

Brands with stronger image, credibility, and greater customer satisfaction engender favourable behavioural intentions, which serves as an essential competitive weapon in a market. The impact of brand image, credibility, and satisfaction on behavioural intentions are well-documented in the literature. There is, however, little or no research on the influence of credibility and image on behavioural intentions through the intervening role of satisfaction in the traditional medicine market. As a result, the research aimed to assess the intervening role of customer satisfaction in the effect of brand image and credibility on behavioural intentions in the traditional medicine market. Data were distributed to a sample of 265 customers via a systematic sampling strategy. The hypotheses formulated were tested by using covariance-based structural equation modelling. The research confirmed that satisfaction perfectly mediated the effect of credibility on customers’ behavioural intentions in the traditional medicine market. However, no mediational relationship between the brand image and behavioural intentions was established. Consequently, this study contributes to the brand theory by displaying the mediated role of customer satisfaction in the impact of brand credibility on the customers’ behavioural intentions, particularly in the traditional medicine market. As an emerging industry, this paper also advances the practitioners’ knowledge about how to build and manage credibility, satisfaction, and image to strengthen the customers’ behavioural intentions in the traditional medicine market.
Education and the Evolution of Comparative Advantage
Authors: Felipe, Jesus , Mehta Aashish , Jin Hongyuan
Published: March 2021

The paper provides the first evidence that countries with high education levels were more successful in developing comparative advantage in products unrelated to those they already export. In contrast, education appears unimportant for developing comparative advantage in products that are intrinsically complex or education intensive.
Influence of electrochemical conditions on the regio- and stereoselectivity of selenocyclization of alkenyl hydantoins
Authors: Smit Biljana , Stanic Petar , Joksovic Ljubinka , Asanin Darko , Simic Zoran
Published: March 2021

5-Alkenyl hydantoins and alkenyl spirohydantoins are converted into bicyclic and tricyclic hydantoins, under indirect electrochemical conditions, generating the phenylselenyl cation in situ. The reactions proceeded in good to exelent yields. The influence of electrochemical conditions on regio- and diastereoselectivity of the selenocyclization reactions is investigated.
Hierarchical aligned ZnO nanorods on surface of PVDF/Fe2O3 nanofibers by electrospinning in a magnetic field
Authors: Tian Dan , Liu Peng , He Ji-Huan
Published: March 2021

The electrospinning was applied to fabricate aligned nanofibers in a magnetic field. The Fe2O3 nanoparticles were added to PVDF/Zn(CHCOOH)2 solution, and heat treatment of the nanofiber mats was made to produce PVDF/Fe2O3 nanofibers containing ZnO nanoparticles. Hierarchical composites were obtained via a facile hydro-thermal growth process, where radially oriented ZnO nanorods were found. The morphology of the as-synthesized samples was investigated by using the scanning electron micrograph.
The modulation of response caused by the fractional derivative in the Duffing system under super-harmonic resonance
Authors: Li Yajie , Wu Zhiqiang , Lan Qixun , Cai Yujie , Xu Huafeng , Sun Yongtao
Published: March 2021

The dynamic characteristics of the 3:1 super-harmonic resonance response of the Duffing oscillator with the fractional derivative are studied. Firstly, the approximate solution of the amplitude-frequency response of the system is obtained by using the periodic characteristic of the response. Secondly, a set of critical parameters for the qualitative change of amplitude-frequency response of the system is derived according to the singularity theory and the two types of the responses are obtained. Finally, the components of the 1X and 3X frequencies of the system?s time history are extracted by the spectrum analysis, and then the correctness of the theoretical analysis is verified by comparing them with the approximate solution. It is found that the amplitude-frequency responses of the system can be changed essentially by changing the order and coefficient of the fractional derivative. The method used in this paper can be used to design a fractional order controller for adjusting the amplitude-frequency response of the fractional dynamical system.
Approximate analytical solution for Phi-four equation with He’s fractal derivative
Authors: Deng Shuxian , Ge Xinxin
Published: March 2021

This paper, for the first time ever, proposes a Laplace-like integral transform, which is called as He-Laplace transform, its basic properties are elucidated. The homotopy perturbation method coupled with this new transform becomes much effective in solving fractal differential equations. Phi-four equation with He?s derivative is used as an example to reveal the main merits of the present technology.
Vertical U-shaped heat exchangers for construction engineering: New promises and future challenges
Authors: Liu Yin , Xu Sensen , Yuan Dongyan , Meng Zhaofeng , Gao Long
Published: March 2021

The ground source heat pump system is a promising technology for building heating and cooling by using underground energy, however, many technical problems, e. g. low energy utilization rate and inefficiency operation, have greatly hindered its wide applications. This paper studies the key technologies of vertical U-shaped heat exchangers in construction engineering to solve the bottleneck problem and optimizes the system. Three commonly used backfill methods are analyzed, and a double U-shaped branch pipe is recommended to improve construction efficiency. The paper sheds a bright light on green energy utilization with high-efficiency, energy-saving, and environmental protection.
Experimental study on particle deposition in pipelines in a fresh air system
Authors: Zhang Xin , Fan Yuesheng , Wei Shuxuan , Wang Huan , Zhang Jiaxin , Yu Wanqing
Published: March 2021

A semi-empirical formula was recommended to analyze the deposition law of atmospheric particles in pipelines in fresh air systems, where the sizes of particles, inlet velocity, and the air temperature, humidity on the deposition of particulate matters were considered. The results showed when the particle sizes were less than 1.0 ?m, the deposition rate was decreased from the increased in particle sizes. When the particle sizes were larger than 1.0 ?m, the deposition rate was in-creased from the increased in particle sizes. A higher inlet velocity resulted in a greater deposition rate. High humidity or low temperature would also lead to a high deposition rate of dust. The results given in this paper are helpful for optimization of the fresh air system.
Research progress of wearable electric heating elements
Authors: Gao Shuo , Sun Runjun , Feng Yan , Hao Jingxian
Published: March 2021

The research progress of electric heating elements is summarized in terms of heating element type and thermal performance evaluation. Their shortcomings are summarized, and the development trend is pointed out to provide help and direction guidance for the research of electric heating element.
Joining of thermoplastic carbon fiber reinforced plastic laminates by selective heat input during laser cutting
Authors: Bluemel S. , Wippo V. , Hirt S. , Staehr R. , Jaeschke P. , Kaierle S. , Overmeyer L.
Published: March 2021

The drilling of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) components is a preliminary step within the assembly of airplanes or cars. The usage of CFRP brings along different challenges and opportunities due to the heterogeneous material characteristics. Laser cutting of thermoplastic composites can lead to distinctive heat affected zones (HAZs) if the process parameters are not optimized regarding the specific boundary conditions and material characteristics. During cutting, the matrix material gets molten and solidifies again. Further heat input beyond what is needed for cutting can lead to the deterioration of the matrix material. As a result, process strategies are normally developed to reduce the HAZ to a minimum. Such strategies can be used for adapting the process and generating a selective heat input in the interaction zone of two components during the drilling process. Adapting the process can also be used to weld components together. Unlike other more common efforts to reduce the HAZ, this study’s goal was to adapt the process so that two thermoplastic CFRP plates lying upon another can be welded during the cutting process. The developed process shows potential for the preliminary fixation of components in assembly processes by finding an optimum between reachable tensile force and resulting HAZ. The investigations were performed with CFRP plates with a thickness of h = 2.4 mm and a drilled hole with a diameter of d = 5 mm. The results demonstrate the possibility of welding the laminates while reducing the HAZ width to values below b = 300 μm. Tensile tests were performed with the joined specimens to determine the resulting tensile load. Cutting the hole with parameters typically used to minimize the HAZ result either in no weld seam or in a weak weld seam, which breaks at minimum force before tensile testing. Cutting parameters resulting in a distinctive HAZ generate tensile forces of up to F = 5.82 kN within the observed process window. Furthermore, strategies were investigated allowing a defined heat input only within the transition between the two plates. With this adapted strategy, tensile forces in the range of F = 1 kN could be realized. For these samples, the major HAZ width was located in the welding area with decreasing HAZ width for the upper and lower plates.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA PADA MATERI MENULIS TEKS CERITA FANTASI MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
Authors: Narsa I Ketut
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan hasil belajar sebagai wujud hasil dari proses pembelajaran menulis cerita fantasi, bagi siswa kelas VIII.12 SMP Negeri 1 Kuta Selatan Tahun pelajaran 2018/2019, dalam mengikuti pelajaran menulis cerita fantasi, dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning. Penelitian ini menggunakan prosedur penelitian tindakan kelas dengan dua siklus. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII.12 SMP Negeri 1 Kuta Selatan pada semester ganjil sebanyak 32 orang siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan teknik tes dan teknik nontes yang terdiri atas observasi, wawancara, tes tertulis, dan dokumentasi foto. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil tes prasiklus ke siklus I sebesar 75% sedangkan dari siklus I ke siklus II sebesar 25%. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah: hasil belajar pada siklus I nilai rata-rata menunjukkan 77, sedangkan pada siklus II nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa menunjukkan 82. Pada penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia secara efektif dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII.12 Semester Ganjil SMP Negeri 1 Kuta Selatan.
La incorporación de la tutoría en una institución formadora de docentes
Authors: Martínez Hernández Astrid Olimpia , Ponce Ceballos Salvador , Aceves Villanueva Yaralín
Published: March 2021

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de un ejercicio investigativo de tipo cualitativo apoyado en el análisis de contenido que buscó diagnosticar de forma participativa la pertinencia de crear de manera formal un programa de tutorías académicas en una escuela normal en el norte de México. Los resultados dan cuenta de la importancia y existencia no formal de las tutorías, así como de la delimitación de algunas orientaciones para el diseño de un programa oficial. De igual forma, se detecta una valoración positiva por parte de los participantes sobre la importancia de la colegiación con los actores para el diseño de este tipo de estrategias. Las conclusiones apuntan a la pertinencia de la incorporación de las tutorías académicas en la escuela normal dada la trascendencia de la formación de los estudiantes y el desarrollo de los docentes.
DISTRIBUTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF FRUIT FLIES (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) ATTRACTED ON METHYL EUGANOL AND CUE LURE IN CENTRAL BANGKA REGENCY, BANGKA BELITUNG
Authors: Saputra Herry Marta , Afriyansyah Budi
Published: March 2021

Not all fruit flies species of Dacini tribe were pests to fruit and fleshy vegetables. CentralBangka Regency is one of the citrus producer in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. Information about this fruit flies in this area was limited. This study aimed to make inventory and identification of fruit flies species of the Dacini tribe in Central Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung. The research was conducted in Nibung, Penyak, and Terentang Villages in Central Bangka Regency, Bangka Islands. Lynfield traps were installed in a citrus cultivation area about 1.5 m above ground level. Lynfield traps were treated with the attractant and deltamethrin (2: 1; v / v) on dental cotton. Methyl eugenol and cue lure were used to attract the male fruit flies. In Central Bangka Regency, 3 genera and 14 species of fruit flies were obtained from the tribe Dacini. The fruit fly species of Bactrocera atrifemur, B. carambolae, B. dorsalis, B. occipitalis, and B. umbrosa were caught in the methyl eugenol attractant trap. Meanwhile, the fruit fly species of B. albistrigata, B. fuscitibia, B. melastomatos, B. neocognata, B. nigrotibialis, Dacus nanggalae, Zeugodacus apicalis, Z. caudatus, and Z. cucurbitae were caught in the cue lure attractant trap. The fruit flies obtained from the two different attractants were used to develop dichotomous keys.
Somos Atenas ou Florença? Covid-19 em contexto histórico
Authors: Doolittle Benjamin R
Published: March 2021

Nós já estivemos aqui antes. Em 430 a.C., uma praga atingiu Atenas, matando 25% da população. Em 1347 d.C., a peste bubônica atingiu a Europa ocidental por quatro anos, matando 50% da população. A praga de Atenas levou ao colapso de sua religião, normas culturais e democracia. Em contraste, a peste bubônica acabou levando ao Renascimento, um crescimento da arte, da ciência e do humanismo. Agora que enfrentamos a pandemia global COVID-19, nos tornaremos Atenas ou Florença?
A desigualdade do isolamento
Authors: Vais Simone
Published: March 2021

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Assessment of second-trimester amniocentesis cases: 10-year experience of a tertiary center
Authors:   , ,,,,, Gündüz Reyhan , Yaman Tunc Senem , Buğday Rezan , Oral Diclehan , Tekeş Selahaddin , Yalınkaya Ahmet
Published: March 2021

Objective The aim is to contribute to the literature by carrying out retrospective analysis of the cases who underwent amniocentesis in our clinic and sharing our relevant experience. Methods A total of 632 cases who underwent amniocentesis in the second trimester were included in our study. The cases’ demographic characteristics, weeks of gestation, amniocentesis indications, procedure-related complications, culture success, cytogenetic results, and the results and indications of the cases found to have chromosomal anomalies were evaluated. Chromosomal anomalies, their complications, culture failure rates and most common amniocentesis indications were reported. The results of the cases with chromosomal anomalies were presented as numerical and structural anomalies. Results The mean age of all cases included in our study was 33.7±6.8 years, and their mean weeks of gestation were 17.5±1.0 weeks. The rate of the cases found to have chromosomal anomaly by amniocentesis was 22.4%, the culture failure rate was 2.1%, and complication rate was 0.5%. The most common amniocentesis indications and the amniocentesis indications in cases found to have chromosomal anomaly were the same, and they were as following respectively: combined test being high risk, triple screening test being high risk and presence of anomaly in the ultrasonography (USG). The rate of detecting chromosomal anomaly was higher in the cases who had multiple indications and underwent amniocentesis. Conclusion Although USG and serum screening tests are used commonly for prenatal diagnosis, invasive tests such as amniocentesis are needed for the final diagnosis in patients with high risk. We concluded that amniocentesis is more important for prenatal diagnosis in cases who are under risk of having multiple chromosomal anomalies in the screening tests.
Prenatal diagnosis of umbilical artery thrombosis in the second trimester: a case report
Authors: Esercan Alev , Ekmekci Emre
Published: March 2021

Objective Thrombosis of umbilical artery is a rare condition. The diagnosis is established commonly in the third trimester after detection of fetal distress or intrauterine growth retardation, or could be established after delivery. Also, the management of the condition is conflicting after the diagnosis. Case(s) Here we reported an umbilical artery thrombosis case that was diagnosed in the second trimester after referral for an umbilical cord cyst. After the diagnosis at 24th week of pregnancy, she had been followed up weekly. She had been delivered electively at the 34th week of pregnancy uneventfully. The diagnosis was confirmed postnatally. Conclusion The prenatal diagnosis of umbilical arterial thrombosis is so important to prevent perinatal morbidity. When umbilical cord cysts are detected, further evaluation is required in terms of umbilical artery thrombosis.
Rock magnetic and palaeomagnetic studies of loess-palaesol sections — Lower Palaeolithic sites within the Southern Bug Valley (Medzhybizh, Holovchyntsi)
Authors: Hlavatskyi D.V. , Stepanchuk V.N. , Kuzina D.M. , Poliachenko Ie.B. , Shpyra V.V. , Skarboviychuk T.V. , Yakukhno V.I. , Bakhmutov V.G.
Published: March 2021

Combined rock magnetic and palaeomagnetic studies of loess-soil sections — Lower Paleolithic sites in the valley of the Southern Bug (Medzhybizh, Holovchintsi) — have been performed for the first time in order to determine the suitability of these objects for palaeomagnetic study and the establishment of magnetostratigraphic markers. Investigated sections by rock magnetic characteristics are closest to the sections of the Volynian Upland, and refer to the intermediate «Chinese» type of formation of magnetic properties, with an admixture of the «Alaskan» mechanism. These sections are characterized by a low concentration of ferrimagnetic material, the destruction of the primary sedimentary magnetic texture, which makes them unsuitable for qualitative magnetostratigraphic studies. According to the data of magnetic-mineralogical analysis, the samples are subdivided into three groups: the first group includes samples with new formation at 300 °C, which is associated with iron hydroxides or the presence of organic matter; in the second group, the thermomagnetic curves are not informative, which makes it difficult to determine the minerals-carriers; in some samples, the magnetization carrier is magnetite (with defects or finely dispersed). A zone of normal polarity, probably the Brunhes chron, has been reliably determined in the upper part (G-S7S1 soil) of the Holovchyntsi section. In the lower part of the M-S4 soil unit (MIS 11) at Medzhybizh, the Unnamed geomagnetic event at 430 ky has been detected. The paleomagnetic veracity of the remaining investigated layers is questioned. The analogies for the archaeological assemblages from the lower layers of Medzhybizh-A and Holovchintsi-1 are seen in archaic industries of mode 1, which in southeastern Europe are dated back from 800 ky and older. However, reliable data on the Matuyama—Brunhes boundary and, correspondingly, data on the >780 ky age of any layers with artifacts in the Medzhybizh and Holovchintsi sections were not obtained by the palaeomagnetic studies.
Radon and magnetic anomalies in the territory of the city Kyiv: environmental aspect
Authors: Orlyuk M.I. , Onyshchuk І.І. , Romenets А.О. , Marchenko A.V. , Yatsevsky P.O. , Orliuk І.М.
Published: March 2021

Magnetic and radon anomalous fields are essential geophysical entities of environment which determine to a considerable degree its ecological state. Revelation of magnetic and radon anomalous zones is an urgent task for the studies of geo-environmental state of the territory and appraisal of its ecological safety. The greatest danger is produced by the areas where the faults are localized with radon anomalies related in the upper part of the Earth crust. For the territory of Kyiv geological characteristics of the studied area has been reviewd, schemes of regional and accompanying faults have been adjusted and completed, maps of module and anomalies of module of geomagnetic field induction as well as a scheme of radon anomalies in water and subsoil air have been elaborated. Connection between radon anomalies with faults and natural magnetic fields has been shown which consisted in correlation of radon anomalies with negative and small positive values of anomalous magnetic field and related to thick zones of fracturing with active fluidal-dynamic activity and the faults of diagonal and orthogonal systems being the zones of radon emanation into atmosphere. Radon anomalies in subsoil air are mainly controlled by Irpin-Borshchagivka, Pushcha-Vodytsya, Kyiv and Darnytsya faults of northwestern-northern strike and Petrivka-Pukhivka and Glevakha-Brovary faults of northwestern strike. For some stations of Kyiv metro the excess of environmental norms of magnetic field and radon anomalies has been determined which can be explained by constructive features of metro compartments and their location in fault zones. It has been shown that radon anomalies are spatially and temporally stabile and magnetic anomalies, especially in metro, are characterized by considerable changes of magnetic field in both low-frequency and high-frequency spectra of their variation.
Combined analysis of the fault tectonic scheme, magnetic and radon anomalies will permit to find out environmentally hazardous zones in the territory of Kyiv and out of it more reasonably.
On the volumes of deep carbon — the initial donor of hydrocarbons on the Earth
Authors: Timursiev A.I.
Published: March 2021

Existing notions on the distribution of carbon on the Earth have been considered in the article. By the example of the data on carbon content in the upper mantle of the Earth obtained in the west of the USA by deep seismic tomography method the appraisal of the resource potential of the interior has been made within the limits of the theory of the deep abiogenous-mantle origin of oil and gas. According to the given appraisal, the partly melted zone (reservoir) contains not less than 1.2·1017 kg of volatiles (Q, kg), such as H or C. Calculation by carbon (С) taking into account the initial data demonstrated that the weight content (concentration) of carbon per unit volume of the Earth crust and upper mantle for which the appraisals of carbon content were completed will be 1 333.3 kg/m3 or 1.3 t/m3 (1.3 g/cm3).
With average amount of melt of the rocks of the upper mantle 0.5±0.2 % (per volume), the volume of the area of melting of the Earth crust (deep carbon reservoir), containing the appraised volume of volatiles, will be: 4.5·1011 m3. In such a notion the weight content (concentration) of carbon per unit volume of partly melted zone of deep carbon reservoir will be: 2.67·105 kg/m3 or 266.67 t/m3 (266.67 g/cm3). These are very high figures if not to say fantastically high, characterizing not only high content of carbon and hydrogen as the main donors of hydrocarbons but also characterizing concentration of these elements within definite zones of the upper mantle of the Earth (asthenospheric layer) by all components (composition, concentration, phase state, PT-conditions), which is referred by our opinion to the sources of deep oil and gas formation.
The data presented allow us to affirm that the problem of donors of HC of deep, abiogenous-mantle genesis has been resolved in our concept, and the source has been determined with high probability of the primary donors of HC in the section of the mantle and iron-carbon core of the Earth having inexhaustible resources of primary carbon, with its phase composition depending on PT conditions of the terrestrial envelopes might be crystalline (diamond phase, iron and nickel compounds (Fen+Nin)+Cn, iron carbides, for example — FeC, Fe2C, Fe3C (cementite) et al.), liquid (for example, the melt with admixture of sulfur and other volatiles H-N-F-O-Cl) and gaseous (СО2 gaseous only in the mantle, higher than D″ layer). In this case HC synthesis in industrial volumes is realized in the process of hydrogenation of deep carbon on the ascending hydrogen streams within the limits of asthenospheric lenses favoured by the presence of reaction volume here, catalysts and the necessary PT-conditions for polymerization of hydrocarbon radicals.
Abordagem precoce da má oclusão de Classe II esquelética com atresia maxilar e mordida aberta anterior e o uso de alinhadores ClearCorrect – relato de caso
Authors: Shimizu Roberto Hideo , Shimizu Isabela Almeida , Toyoffuku Ana Cláudia M. Melo , Marquesini Rebecca , Lima Tatiane Travizan , Villegas Marcela
Published: March 2021

Adequate planning and early treatment of Angle Class II malocclusion with maxillary atresia and anterior open bite provides harmonization of maxillomandibular bone bases in the three planes of space. Orthodontic aligners have emerged as an alternative treatment having the following advantages: being more aesthetic and more comfortable for the patient, less treatment time when they are correctly indicated, less chairside time, less complications, possibility of remote monitoring, easier feeding, and dental hygiene. On the other hand, they offer difficulties to treat adults with severe skeletal Class II malocclusions, posterior crossbite and anterior open bite. Therefore, the objective of this clinical case report is to early correct skeletal Class II malocclusion with maxillary atresia through the use of mechanical orthopedics and devices that help eliminate habits and close the anterior open bite, and later the use of orthodontic aligners to finish the treatment. It was concluded that the early interceptive treatment of malocclusion was efficient to harmonize the bone bases in the anteroposterior, vertical, and transversal directions, changing this malocclusion from high to low complexity and, consequently, highly predictable and with an excellent prognosis for treatment with orthodontic aligners. The treatment with ClearCorrect aligners corrected the occlusion in a shorter period of time when compared to corrective orthodontics and with a high predictability in relation to the virtual setup.
The Effects of Vocabulary Self-Collection Strategy Instruction on Thai EFL Undergraduate Students’ Vocabulary Knowledge and Perceptions
Authors: Raungsawat Nuntiporn , Chumworatayee Tipamas
Published: March 2021

This study mainly examines the effect of Vocabulary Self-Collection Strategy (VSS) instruction on students’ vocabulary knowledge. Moreover, it investigates the students’ perceptions towards the implementation of VSS instruction. Thirty-eight Thai EFL undergraduate students majoring in English at a university located in Thailand participated in the study. To determine the students’ vocabulary knowledge before and after the instruction, the vocabulary pretest and posttest were employed. A perception questionnaire and a semi-structured interview were conducted at the end of VSS instruction to elicit the students’ perceptions towards VSS instruction. The paired samples t-test analysis indicates that the students improved short-term vocabulary retention, and they could retain vocabulary learned after VSS instruction. The results from the questionnaire and the semi-structured interview showed that they mostly agreed that VSS instruction assisted them in learning new words, memorizing word meaning, having a chance to choose their own words to learn, sharing words to classmates, working in a group, and realizing the importance of learning new words. The findings will help Thai EFL university students improve their vocabulary learning and generate an innovative body of knowledge regarding vocabulary instruction. Pedagogical implications are also suggested for EFL teachers who want to implement VSS in their vocabulary instruction.
Utilizing Learners’ Linguistic Landscape as a Pedagogical Resource in the Translation Classroom: A case study in the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Algryani Ali , Syahrin Syerina
Published: March 2021

The study investigates learners’ awareness of their linguistic landscape (LL) and perspectives on the use of LL as part of classroom teaching and learning. It also examines the course instructor’s pedagogical perspective on the use of LL. The study aims to explore the potential benefits of utilizing bilingual public signage representing translational content to develop translation students’ critical literacy, language awareness, and translation skills through reflecting on the use of LL as a teaching and learning material. The study is significant as it addresses the gap in the literature on the use of LL to promote students’ critical literacy, language awareness, and translation skills in the EFL context of Oman. The samples of the study are 58 participants enrolled in undergraduate translation courses at Dhofar University. The data collection methods used in the study consist of focus group discussions, online surveys, and teacher’s retrospective reflection. The quantitative data were analyzed by IBM SPSS V26, while the qualitative data were analyzed by common themes that emerged from students’ feedback and teacher’s reflection. The findings of the study showed positive outcomes on the use of LL as a teaching and learning resource such as improved language awareness, language proficiency, translation skills, creativity, and critical thinking skills. The implication of the study is to draw attention to the existing quality of the learners’ LL and invite them to actively and responsibly participate in improving the linguistic landscapes of their local communities
Multidisciplinary mental health supervision in a rural context: An exploratory study of experiences in northern British Columbia
Authors:   , Kariuki Anthony
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to better understand how multidisciplinary mental health supervision might work in rural remote settings. There is a need for supervisory approaches that address the unique contextual challenges in rural and remote multidisciplinary service delivery, such as management approaches, isolation, and lack of support. This study focused on three areas linked to multidisciplinary mental health supervision: challenges and opportunities, role perception, and differences in approaches. This study also attempted to reconcile the core supervisory requirements with the contextual challenges. The few studies on rural remote supervision have primarily focused on general internal and external factors facing rural remote professionals. Despite its importance, knowledge of how multidisciplinary rural remote supervisors perceive and/or appreciate their roles is limited. This study was informed by social construction and symbolic interaction theories, and guided by three research questions: 1) What challenges and opportunities do mental health supervisors experience in northern British Columbia? 2) How do frontline workers, supervisors, and senior managers perceive the roles and activities of mental health supervisors in northern British Columbia? 3) How are supervisory approaches in various mental health disciplines different or similar in northern British Columbia? The research methodology was qualitative and the study design adopted an interpretive, social interactionist approach. Source triangulation enhanced both the credibility and transferability of the findings. The sources included three participant groups: frontline mental health workers, mental health supervisors, and senior mental health managers. Another triangulation source was the context and setting review of BC’s complex mental health jurisdictions. Triangulation was also achieved by interviewing participants who worked in different settings, organizations, and geographic locations. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis resulting in 11 manifest themes and the following five latent themes: Difficult, overwhelming responsibilities; stressful, complicated decision making; the endless campaign for professional leadership support; mentorship in remote practice; and a struggle in collaborative plurality. Most of the participants expressed the wish for more support in their professional work. The findings from this study provide employers with new insights into multidisciplinary supervisory work and also emphasize the need for practical and specific ideas for much needed support for rural remote supervisors.
Ascenso y declive de la Policía de Narcóticos del Departamento de Salubridad Pública en México (1917-1960)
Authors: Pérez Ricart Carlos A. , Olvera Hernández Nidia A.
Published: March 2021

Este artículo rastrea la emergencia, ascenso y declive del aparato policial encargado del control de drogas dentro del Departamento de Salubridad Pública (DSP, después Secretaría de Salubridad y Asistencia, SSA) entre 1917 y principios de la década de 1960. El artículo examina los orígenes y cambios organizacionales del aparato policial de Narcóticos, las prácticas de sus agentes en el ejercicio de la regulación de las leyes de la época y las razones de su lenta –pero progresiva– pérdida de importancia hacia inicios de la década de los años cuarenta en favor de la Policía Judicial anclada en la Procuraduría General de la República, el Ejército, así como de otras policías locales. Así, este artículo presenta –a partir de un estudio de caso– el cambio de paradigma con que el Estado mexicano modificó gradualmente su interpretación del problema de las drogas, mismo que pasa de estar asociado a temas relativos a la salud pública a ser codificado en términos de seguridad.La principal base documental del artículo es el Archivo Histórico de la Secretaría de Salud (AHSSA), sitio en el que se conservan los informes de labores de la Policía de Narcóticos del DSP, así como los registros de su personal.