bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
М. ӘУЕЗОВ ПЕН Д.РАДЖАБИ ШЫҒАРМАЛАРЫ: ӘДЕБИ БАЙЛАНЫС, ЖАЛПЫ МӘДЕНИ МҰРА
Authors: Әмірбаева Ш.М. , Қонаев Д.А. , Пірәлі Г.Ж.
Published: January 2025

Мақалада Мұхтар Әуезов пен Доджон Раджабидің шығармаларында қамтылған әдеби байланыстар мен жалпы мәдени мұра қарастырылады. Олардың еңбектерінде көрініс тапқан тақырыптарға ерекше назар аударылады. Екі автор да халық тарихындағы қайғылы оқиғаларға, соның ішінде 30-50 жылдардағы қуғын-сүргінге ілінген, қайраткерлердің психологиялық қысымы мен азабына тоқталады. Зерттеуіміз Әуезов пен Раджабидің шығармашылығының өзара әрекеттесуін, оларды қандай ортақ тақырыптар мен мотивтер біріктіретінін және олардың өз халықтарының мәдени және әдеби дәстүрлерін сақтауға және дамытуға қалай ықпал ететінін талдайды.Зерттеудің өзектілігі –ХХ ғасырдың аяғындағы Раджаби бет алысы 1937 жылы Тәжікстандағы қуғын-сүргінді терең зерттеуге және көркем түрде түсінуге алғашқы әрекет болды, осылайша тәжік әдебиетіне айтарлықтай үлес қосты. Әуезов пен Раджабидің шығармалары мәдени және тарихи мұралардың ортақ ерекшеліктерін бейнелейді, бұл олардың аймақ әдебиеті контекстінде маңыздылығын көруге мүмкіндік береді. Додожон Раджаби 30-шы жылдары жарияланған жүздеген мұрағат материалы мен мақалаларды, қудалау мен азаптау кешкен куәгерлер мен әдебиетшілердің, туыстарының әңгімелерін тыңдай, зерттей жүріп, оқиғаларды терең әрі шынайы жеткізе алғандығы жөнінен деректеркелтірдік, жазушы замандастары шығармашылығына байланысты мәселелер де бой көтерді, оларға шолу жасалды.Зерттеудің мақсаты –Әуезов пен Раджаби шығармашылығындағы әдеби байланыстар мен жалпы тақырыптарды анықтау және талдау, олардың мәдени мұраны сақтауға және маңызды, мәнді тақырыптарды түсінуге қосқан үлестеріне баса назар аудару. Зерттеудің ғылыми маңыздылығы Орта Азия әдебиетіндегі рухани түсініктерді кеңейту, жалпы мотивтер мен тақырыптарды ашу, сондай-ақ тарихи оқиғалардың әдеби шығармашылыққа әсерін түсінуді тереңдете қарастыруда болып отыр. Зерттеудің практикалық маңыздылығы мынада: нәтижелер аймақ әдебиетіндегі мәдени байланыстар мен тарихи жадыны одан әрі зерттеу үшін, сондай-ақ Әуезов пен Раджаби шығармаларын оқытуда пайдаланылуы мүмкін.Мақалада тақырыпты ашу үшін жалпылау, сипаттау, жүйелеу және әңгімелеу, шолу әдістері қолданылады. Зерттеу шығармашылықтың объективі арқылы тарихи оқиғаларға қайта оралудың маңыздылығын көрсетеді, Орта Азия халықтарының мәдени мұрасын тереңірек түсінуге ықпал етеді.
THE CONCEPT OF FREEDOM IN THE DYSTOPIAN WORKS BY D.GLUKHOVSKY METRO AND THE POST
Authors: Baimussina Z.B. , Roziyeva D.S. , Zhaparkulova K.Zh. , Khoshayeva G.B.
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes the concept of "freedom" in the works of the dystopian genre by the Russian author D. Glukhovsky. The author explores how writers use this literary genre to highlight the issues of modern society and identify potential threats to freedom and individual rights through various dystopian texts. The purpose of this work is to examine the concept of freedom in D. Glukhovsky's novels "Metro" and "Post", as the theme of freedom is a central theme in dystopian literature. The focus ofthe research is on analyzing the concept of freedom within the author's works. The significance of this study lies in its relevance to Russian dystopian literature, which is becoming increasingly relevant against the backdrop of current events in Russia. This article employs comparative-historical and linguistic analysis methods to explore the concept of freedom. The main findings of the study emphasize the significance of examining the concept of "freedom" in dystopian literature, as it is freedom and theright to self-determination that are crucial in society. When a person is deprived of their ability to make decisions, they lose their sense of identity. The current situation in Russia and human rights are also a significant focus for D. Glukhovsky. The value of this research lies in its relevance at a time when it is crucial to analyze Glukhovsky's works, as the author has been labeled a foreign agent by the Russian government. The practical implications of this study are limited to its potential use as a resource for further research. In dystopian narratives, the concept of freedom stands in opposition to totalitarianism, encompassing freedom of speech, action, choice, movement, expression, and, most significantly, thought. Drawing on the works of classic dystopian authors, Glukhovsky emphasizes the importance of individual freedom under an oppressive regime.
A Comprehensive Resource for Patients Undergoing Elective Surgeries in Lmics: Addressing Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Hood Mitesh Mohan , Bagga Gaurav , Varma Shaloo
Published: January 2025

Elective surgeries are increasingly common in developing nations, yet patients often face challenges related to access, information, and post-operative care. This manuscript proposes a one-stop resource model aimed at addressing these challenges. By examining the role of health insurance, innovative healthcare models like Pristyn Care’s asset-light approach, and the integration of comprehensive services, we highlight strategies for improving patient experiences and outcomes in the context of elective surgeries. The findings suggest that a centralized resource can significantly enhance the quality of care and accessibility for patients in low- and middle-income countries.
PES SCHEMES AND THEIR APPLICATION IN ALBANIA
Authors: Koka Mimoza , Heijneman Silvana Malaj
Published: January 2025

Payments for Environmental Services (PES) have gained traction in recent years, primarily in Latin American countries. These payments involve a transaction between land users and environmental service providers for a specified fee. The purpose of this paper is to assess the current level of PES development in Albania and the measures taken by the Albanian government to promote their creation and advancement. To achieve this goal, several objectives have been defined: to present the history of PES creation and development, to establish the theoretical framework for their implementation, to evaluate the current state and progress in Albania, and to draw conclusions and recommendations for the government. Currently, PES in Albania are in the experimental phase, with a pilot project implemented in the Ulza watershed. The World Bank conducted interviews with 100 stakeholders in the lower part of the Ulza Basin, and this paper analyzes and presents the results of those interviews. A central conclusion is that interviewees believe the development of PES schemes is an important tool for addressing environmental issues, emphasizing the government’s responsibility to promote their advancement and growth.
INVESTIGATION OF DNA DAMAGE AFTER FREEZİNG AND THAWING OF FUNCTIONAL RAINBOW TROUT (Oncorhynchus mykiss) SPERM
Authors: DOĞAN Mustafa
Published: January 2025

During thawing and freezing of the sperm cell, the DNA structure may be damaged at different levels due to various internal and external reasons. In this study, DNA damage after freezing and thawing of functional masculinized rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) semen was examined. Freezing was carried out using different dilution rates (1/3, 1/6, 1/9) and different doses of 1mM, 2 mM and 4 mM Ascorbic acid (antioxidant). In order to detect these damages that may be seen in the sperm DNA after the thawing process, the Comet assay method was used. The results showed that the group using 1/9 dilution ratio and 4 mM antioxidant dose gave the best results in terms of DNA damage. In this study, we tried to determine possible DNA damage after cryopreservation of functional rainbow trout sperm.
PERKEMBANGAN PULAU JAMBONGAN PASCAMERDEKA: 1963 - 2013
Authors: Shin Lee Jin Risna Nirwana
Published: January 2025

Pulau Jambongan merupakan salah sebuah pulau yang terdapat di negeri Sabah dan menjadi sebahagian daripada daerah Beluran. Pulau Jambongan dianggap sebagai pulau yang terpinggir daripada arus pembangunan. Objektif kajian ini ialah mengenal pasti perubahan corak pentadbiran atau politik di Pulau Jambongan selepas kemerdekaan dari tahun 1963 hingga 2013. Objektif kajian yang kedua pula pengkaji akan menghuraikan perubahan dalam aspek ekonomi atau sumber pendapatan masyarakat pulau semasa penjajahan dan selepas negara berjaya mencapai kemerdekaan. Seterusnya pengkaji akan merungkai perubahan dalam aspek sosial dan masyarakat di Pulau Jambongan selepas kemerdekaan (1963- 2013). Dalam melakukan kajian ini, bahan-bahan kajian yang menulis tentang Pulau Jambongan mempunyai bahan rujukan yang sangat terhad. Oleh itu, bagi mencapai objektif kajian, kaedah kualitatif telah digunakan dengan memberi fokus kepada pengumpulan data berasaskan bentuk temu bual, pemerhatian di kawasan lapangan dan analisis dokumen serta barangan tinggalan informan. Kaedah kajian yang utama iaitu kaedah lisan diikuti sumber primer dan sumber sekunder. Sumber primer merangkumi bahan-bahan daripada arkib dalam bentuk laporan, fail rasmi dan surat menyurat terdahulu. Sumber sekunder terdiri daripada buku-buku, sumber internet, akhbar dan artikel. Dapatan awal kajian ini mendapati gaya hidup masyarakat Pulau Jambongan selepas kemerdekaan lebih banyak bergantung kepada usaha masyarakat sendiri dan hal ini telah menyebabkan berlakunya penghijrahan penduduk tempatan ke kawasan bandar yang menawarkan fasiliti yang lebih baik seperti pendidikan, kesihatan dan lain-lain. Kajian ini penting untuk dijadikan usaha awal untuk mengangkat serta mempromosikan Pulau Jambongan agar mendapat perhatian dan diusahakan sama pentingnya seperti pulau-pulau lain di Malaysia.
Fiscal on Islamic View; How Does it Run in Modern Day Indonesia
Authors: Farhan Ali , Pangesti Mulyono Resha Dwi Ayu
Published: January 2025

The fiscal mechanism is an important thing to discuss, because it concerns the lives of many people, but the question is whether all fiscal instruments are permitted in Islam? This research aims to discuss how fiscal instruments are carried out in the Islamic context and how Islam provides guidance for making a breakthrough. in this activity. The approach used is literature study, by comparing the opinions among moeslem scholar and others relevance study. The findings from this research answer that taxes are still a problem among fiqh experts, either another fiscal insrument were relevance with contemporary world , in the Indonesian context it can be done if; fair and other sources of funding have not met needs, since of the governments expenditure were could not be fulfilled by only using one fiscal instrument such as zakah.
Quem é o Analista que Sonha o Paciente e Quem é o Supervisor Que Compreende o Sonho
Authors: Canta Guilherme
Published: January 2025

Neste artigo, procura-se explorar o desenvolvimento em paralelo das ideias acerca da supervisão em Psicanálise e a emergência do conceito de terceiro analítico. Embora este conceito só tenha assumido uma referência concreta nos trabalhos de Grotstein (1979, 2000) e de Ogden (1994), ele já estaria presente na mente e no trabalho clínico de vários psicanalistas, como se procura demonstrar através da exploração de vários triângulos psicanalíticos.Salienta-se a importância do conceito de processo paralelo na supervisão, processo inconsciente que leva a que seja reproduzida na situação de supervisão a situação analítica, possibilitando ao supervisor identificar os aspetos que ainda não estão compreendidos pelo supervisando. Desse modo, o supervisor tem de ser quem sonha o sonho ainda não sonhado pelo supervisando, para que este por sua vez possa ajudar o paciente a sonhar.
Recensão de 'Livro do Prazer - Reflexões psicanalíticas'
Authors: Almeida Conceição Melo
Published: January 2025

A autora procura partilhar a sua leitura deste ensaio conceptual e metapsicológico que situa o Prazer na sua relação com a construção e expansão da teoria psicanalítica, com a organização do funcionamento mental, a psicopatologia e os pressupostos das abordagens terapêuticas, interligando o pensamento de Freud com os necessários desenvolvimentos da Psicanálise contemporânea. Evidencia-se a conceptualização feita do prazer não como um propósito em si mesmo, mas como parte integrante do processo de existência identitária, ligado ao despertar da relação com o objeto, à busca, à indagação e à criação. É apresentado como enquadrado no caminho da individuação-subjetivação, a partir da base primitiva da dor do desamparo originário na condição humana até à capacidade simbólica, nesta incomensurável interrogação sobre estar no mundo, connosco e com os outros. O autor do livro desenvolve alguma reflexão sobre os meandros das várias particularidades e diálogos em torno do que é o prazer, como se obtém, qual o lugar que ocupa no funcionamento mental, na construção do simbólico e na capacidade de pensar, incluindo a discussão metapsicológica Rui Aragão Oliveira tenta também destacar revisões e interrogações contemporâneas, partilhadas no livro, sobre o masoquismo e a relação entre prazer e agressividade, bem como sobre o Prazer ligado ao conceito bioniano de transformação.
Exploring the Perceptions and Concerns of Canadian International Students (IS)
Authors: Parmar Nagina , Stokes Joseph , Parmar Harry , Hunter Bill
Published: January 2025

Higher education institutions in Canada are facing new challenges in addressing the needs of international students (IS), such as housing, mental health, and discrimination. A better understanding of the change dynamics associated with the internationalization of higher education will be necessary to better respond to these challenges. The present study looked at factors that influence IS’s decision to study abroad using a push-and-pull framework. We conducted surveys of IS at Ontario Tech University (OT) and Toronto Metropolitan University (TMU). Ninety-five students completed an online questionnaire, and ten were interviewed for more details. Our findings suggested several factors that might influence IS’s decisions to pursue higher education in Canada. Information collected will be used to shape policies and practices at participating universities and may have possible implications for the broader higher education community in Canada.
Adaptive properties of flax varieties by fat content in seeds
Authors:   Udmurt State Agrarian University, Goreeva Vera , Korepanova Elena , Russkih Dmitry , Medvedeva Gulmira , Islamova Chulpan , Yudin Vitaly
Published: January 2025

The object of the research were nine varieties of oil flax of different ecological and geographical origin. The Yantar variety, included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements and approved for use in the Volga-Vyatka region, was sown as a standard. The experiments were laid on sod-podzolic medium loamy soil with the following agrochemical characteristics of the arable layer: humus content - low and medium, mobile phosphorus and potassium - from medium to very high; exchangeable soil acidity from strongly acidic to close to neutral. The most favorable abiotic conditions for the accumulation of fat in oil flax seeds were formed in 2024 (environmental conditions index Ij = 3.96). On average, over three years, oil flax varieties accumulated from 37.3 to 42.1% fat. None of the studied varieties exceeded the standard Yantar variety in this indicator. The Abacus variety was reliably inferior in fat content in seeds by 3.1% to the Yantar standard and by 2.7–4.8% to all other studied varieties, except for the Istok variety. The most plastic variety is RFN with a plasticity coefficient bi = 1.54. The most stable in fat content in seeds are the Abacus and Focus varieties with stability coefficients close to or equal to zero.

Keywords: VARIETY, OIL FLAX, FAT CONTENT, ADAPTABILITY, ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS INDEX, COEFFICIENT OF VARIATION, COEFFICIENT OF STABILITY, COEFFICIENT OF PLASTICITY, STRESS RESISTANCE, RANGE OF PRODUCTIVITY, GENETIC FLEXIBILITY
O SISTEMA PENITENCIÁRIO E A SUA DEVIDA FALTA DE GESTÃO SOCIAL NAATUALIDADE BRASILEIRA
Authors: Blume Fábio Augusto
Published: January 2025

Currently, the area of public safety (penal system) has been treated with less relevance by state governments, especially in relation to our state of Rio Grande do Sul. Objective: To conceptualize some benefits and other negative factors that make up the prison system, as a way to establish better performance among the organization’s agents, ensure a better future for the system, and achieve excellence in satisfactory results in the prison system. Discussion: The obstacles present in today’s prison system, not only specifically in Rio Grande do Sul but throughout the country, represent a ticking time bomb that could collapse at any moment due to various surrounding factors. For several decades, some governments have shown little concern for this sector. Methodology: This study was prepared through an organizational diagnosis, exploratory research, and bibliographical research. Primary and secondary data were collected, some of which were already available and others gathered from the organization where the study was developed. Result: The research conducted around the prison system highlights the need for a massive restructuring by the State’s governmental management to ensure broader and more positive effectiveness in prisoner treatment, both on the part of the judiciary and the executive branch, which has numerous management flaws. Conclusion: A serious and drastic change is required in this sector to maintain minimum conditions so that the population can ensure its safety and the right to come and go with minimal risks. The population must be protected both on the streets and in prisons while in the correctional system, which has a large vicious cycle of ramifications that perpetuate the current crime scenario, largely due to the lack of proper management.
Molecular docking analysis of acetogenin and procyanidin, components of soursop (Annona muricata Linn.) seed, as potential anti-cervical cancer agents
Authors: Pravita Nabila Cahya , Fazilla Rizki Fakhri , Febrian Tobi , Mellina Echa Dian , Kumara Gusti Made Bagus , Nugraha Muhammad Aditya , Vernanda Pramyudha , Auli Winni Nur , Saputro Anjar Hermadi
Published: January 2025

Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers among women. This study aimed to investigate the molecular interactions of acetogenin and procyanidin, compounds found in soursop (Annona muricata Linn.) seed extract, as potential anti-cervical cancer agents using a molecular docking approach. The software tools used included Biovia Discovery Studio® 2024, Autodock Tools 1.5.6, Avogadro, pkCSM, PubChem, Notepad++, and Molview. Molecular docking analysis focused on the interaction of these compounds with the human vaccinia-related kinase 2 (VRK-2) protein (PDB ID: 5UU1). The native ligand-5UU1 protein complex exhibited two hydrogen bonds, a binding free energy of -8.84 kcal/mol, and an inhibition constant of 331.88 nM. In comparison, acetogenin formed three hydrogen bonds with 5UU1, achieving a binding free energy of -7.33 kcal/mol and an inhibition constant of 4.21 nM. Similarly, procyanidin also formed three hydrogen bonds, with a binding free energy of -2.99 kcal/mol and an inhibition constant of 6.38 nM. The results indicate that both acetogenin and procyanidin have potential as anti-cervical cancer agents, with acetogenin demonstrating stronger binding affinity and inhibition potential compared to procyanidin.
Smart Farming in Bangladesh: Mobile Application for Tomato Leaf Disease Detection Using a Hybrid VGG16-CNN Model
Authors: Mrittika Mahbub  , Md. Habib Ehsanul Hoque  , Mst. Rehena Khatun
Published: January 2025

Abstract: Tomato cultivation (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is highly significant due to its considerable economic value, high consumer demand, and critical role in supporting the livelihoods of farmers in Bangladesh. However, the majority of Bangladeshi farmers rely on traditional, manual methods for detecting tomato leaf diseases, relying on visual inspection and personal experience. Limited resources and a lack of awareness about advanced technologies further hinder the adoption of efficient disease detection methods. Computer vision, a cutting-edge technology, enables the automated identification and classification of tomato leaf diseases, holding significant promise for improving agricultural productivity and farmers’ livelihoods. This study focuses on developing a robust disease detection framework involving image acquisition, preprocessing, and feature extraction using a VGG16-CNN hybrid model, integrated with smartphone applications for real-time detection. To address the limitations faced by local farmers and plant enthusiasts unfamiliar with such technology, a diverse dataset of approximately 16,824 images was created, comprising field images and online sources. The proposed method leverages VGG16 for feature extraction, achieving enhanced performance through additional fine-tuned layers that form a hybrid model. This approach delivers an accuracy of 98%, with an F1 score of 98%. These findings highlight the potential of the proposed system to significantly mitigate the impacts of tomato leaf diseases, thereby improving tomato cultivation and production outcomes.
Characterization of Asaba Clay for Production of Porcelain Insulator
Authors: Ekeh, C.P.  , Chris-Okafor, P. U.
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The study highlights the potential of Asaba clay for producing high-quality ceramic wares by examining the physicochemical characteristics of clay mineral using advanced analytical techniques such as X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Results obtained reveal that the sample was kaolinite with SiO2 (43.63%), Al2O3 (16.65%), and Fe2O3 (4.87%) as the most predominant elements. The identified minerals include Quartz (SiO2), Orthoclase (KAlSi2O3), Kaolinite (Al2O3•2SiO2•2H2O), and Albite (NaAlSi2O3). Wavenumbers ranges from 3697.51913 - 685.83016, while the high intensities of the hydroxyl-related peaks at 3421.70 cm⁻¹, 3622.97 cm⁻¹, and 3697.52 cm⁻¹ suggest that Asaba clay has properties similar to kaolinitic. Elemental composition indicates that the elements (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Cd, Zn and Ca) are in acceptable concentration levels. The study therefore revealed that the clay from Asaba has kaolinite characteristics, is environmentally safe and is therefore suitable for porcelain insulator production.
Novelty in Modifing the Weibull Distribution by Using Fast Fourier Transformation for Wind Energy Assessment
Authors: Ali Taghreed , Al-tmimi Amani , H.aljboori Monim
Published: January 2025

Wind energy considered to be the most recent source of power that inexpensive, non-depleting, also simple for a variety of users to capture and employ. The location of Ali El Gharbi is one of the preferable sites for clean energy production in Iraq, however as there is a lack of information about the power exploration potentials at this place, more related researches and studies for wind power wind are fundamental. An accurate comprehension for the behaviour of the wind is required for the preparation and operation of every wind conversions to energy project.  The study is aimed at investigating the novelty in modifying the Weibull distribution by means of the Fast Fourier Transform with the purpose of estimate the possibility of wind energy harvesting in Ali El-Gharbi area of Ammarah, Iraq. The results from the modification of the Weibull distribution was a reduction in the value of the shape parameter for the new Weibull distribution which will lead to a smoother curve, the reduction of the shape parameter from about 5 to 1 implies a shift from the scenario where failures occur randomly and independently of the parameter.
A second benefit of the modification was a reduction the time for calculation the Weibull parameters and PDF’s with increasing the accuracy. As an outcome of the wind speed data values were recorded at a 10-minutes interval for a year starting from December 2014 till December 2015 at heights of 10, 30, and 50 meters. Subsequently, the datasets were examined by means of the Weibull probability distribution function (WPD) to assess wind energy production, and for the spectral part of the analysis was conducted by employing the Fast-Fourier-Transform. According to the spectral analysis for the data, the average yearly wind speed at 50 m was 6.134 m/sec, whereas highest wind speed recorded there during  the day were about 17.011 , and the peak wind speed was 226236.282 m/sec/12hour at a frequency(2 Hz) at that height of 50 m all through night hours. And for lowest values of wind speed was about 115863.7 m/sec/12hour for the (2 Hz) frequency at that height throughout night hours. The blowing of wind was more rapidly in the morning than it was at night periods. While the main wind directions in the region were from the north-northwest and west-northwest.
PENGARUH EXPLOSION BOX TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN KEPATUHAN REMAJA PUTRI DALAM MENGONSUMSI TABLET TAMBAH DARAH
Authors: Firdawati Firdawati , Hazanah Sri , Tonapa Emelia
Published: January 2025

Remaja perempuan berisiko lebih tinggi terkena anemia karena kebutuhan zat besi mereka mencapai puncaknya antara usia 14 dan 15 tahun. Kekurangan zat besi pada remaja dapat menyebabkan masalah kesehatan yang serius, termasuk anemia. Satu siswa dalam kelompok sembilan orang melaporkan memiliki kadar hemoglobin (Hb) 12, dan empat siswa lainnya melaporkan mengalami kelelahan, kelemahan, kesulitan fokus di kelas, dan gejala anemia lainnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari bagaimana paparan media yang ditampilkan dalam Explosion Box mempengaruhi pengendalian diri dan pengambilan keputusan remaja putri saat mengonsumsi suplemen makanan. Metode: Penelitian ini memiliki desain pra-eksperimental dengan single-group pre-and post-test. Dalam penelitian ini, kami menggunakan sampel partisipan yang sepenuhnya acak. Populasi sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas 10, 12, dan 15 MTs Al-Muhajirin Loa Janan. Siswa perempuan mengisi kuesioner, dan peneliti laki-laki menggunakan lembar observatorium untuk mengumpulkan data. SPSS digunakan untuk analisis data univariat dan bivariat. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa baik sebelum maupun sesudah mendapat intervensi, media blast box memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pengetahuan (p0,000) dan akurasi responden (p0,003). Artinya, remaja putri di MTs Al-Muhajirin Loa Janan lebih berpengetahuan dan lebih cenderung mengikuti pedoman dalam mengonsumsi tablet suplemen darah. Kesimpulan Berdasarkan penelitian dan analisis, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengaruh media terhadap pengetahuan dan perilaku remaja putri seputar konsumsi tablet tambah gula darah adalah nyata. Harapannya adalah kotak ledakan media ini dapat berfungsi sebagai sumber daya untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan mendorong tindakan di kalangan remaja putri untuk mencegah anemia.
"PRESIDENT AND THE CABINET OF MINISTERS OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN: NEW ORDER OF RELATIONSHIPS"
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Hoshimkhonov Akhrorkhon
Published: January 2025

This article analyzes the legal aspects of interaction between the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Cabinet of Ministers based on the articles of the new edition of the Constitution. The position and role of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the system of state power in accordance with the provisions of the constitution are also revealed. According to the principle of distribution of powers, the theoretical and scientific opinions of foreign scientists regarding the status of the head of state have been studied, and the important tasks of the head of state in the system of branches of government based on the constitution are shown. It is known that the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan is the head of state and ensures cooperation between government bodies. The importance of such important organizational and legal issues as the presentation by the head of the Cabinet of Ministers to the President of the candidacy of the Prime Minister, his interaction with the chambers of parliament when appointing members of the government, and special attention will be paid to the appointment of heads of committees and departments under ministries and other government bodies. The article also mentions constitutional procedures related to the formation of government in foreign countries by the head of state and the upper house of parliament.
THEORETICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF MODERN STATE ADMINISTRATION AND PUBLIC CIVIL SERVICE
Authors:   Center for Professional training of lawyers by International Standards, Tashkent State University of Law, Makhmudov Firuz
Published: January 2025

"In this article, theoretical and legal aspects of modern state administration and state civil service are analyzed based on scientific sources, doctrinal views, new approaches, theories, and concepts. Based on national practice and foreign experience, the existing problems in the field, the scientific approach, and measures to eliminate them were discussed by the author. The analysis of the administrative reforms carried out in the country for the improvement of the modern state management system was carried out, and the legal norms and legislative bases in this regard were discussed from a scientific and legal point of view. The role and importance of the state civil service in the effective implementation of modern state administration are justified. The criteria for the classification of the state civil service and the importance of creating a register of state civil servants have been substantiated from a scientific and legal point of view, and it has been proved that it plays an important role in state administration. The article is written on the basis of scientific discussion, comparison, critical analysis, induction and deduction, logic methodology, and the author’s opinion and positions. At the end of the study, a number of legal proposals were put forward for the elimination of current problems, including proposals and recommendations for improving the existing legislation. The establishment of virtual public administration and public civil service, the widespread introduction of modern public administration recognized in world practice, and the continuation and effective implementation of administrative reforms related to public administration are the main factors in ensuring the development of the country and the well-being of the population. A scientific conclusion was reached that it is one of the decisive factors.
"
"ENVIRONMENTAL LEGAL LIABILITY IN THE FIELD OF CONSTRUCTION"
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Nurullayev Shokhrukh
Published: January 2025

This article covers the issues of legal responsibility and its improvement in the legal protection of the environment in the field of construction. The article first analyzes the relevance of the topic, relevant shortcomings and problems in the field, as well as the practices of developed countries in this field. In the process of studying the subject, the existing legal framework was studied, the relevant shortcomings were identified, and innovative solutions for increasing legal responsibility and environmental protection were proposed. Based on the results of all the research, it can be briefly concluded that to further improve environmental legal responsibility in the construction sector, first of all, it is necessary to strengthen accountability measures, improve monitoring and reporting mechanisms, and actively involve non-governmental and non-profit organizations in the fight against violations of environmental norms, as well as additions to some norms in the legislation will stimulate the further development of this field. In addition, the lack of appropriate incentive measures to ensure the friendly attitude of citizens or legal entities towards nature in the construction sector was recognized as one of the shortcomings of this sector.
Restoration of juvenile justice in the post-war period in Ukraine
Authors: Khmelevska Natalia , Zinevych Oleksandr , Ovcharenko Olena , Husak Andrii , Veselovska Nataliia
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Juvenile justice in Ukraine has been affected by the armed conflict and needs comprehensive reforms aimed at protecting children’s rights and ensuring their well-being. The aim of the study was to analyse and assess the restoration of juvenile justice in the post-war period in Ukraine. Methods: The comparison method of international legal mechanisms for the restoration of juvenile justice in Georgia, Germany, and Ukraine is applied. The visual graphic method, the observation method was used. Results: The study determined the effectiveness of the international legal mechanisms of juvenile justice. The tendency to reduce the number of offences committed by minors is observed in all countries. The lack of universal approach to the reconstruction of juvenile justice was established. The direction of further research may be to study the possibility of optimizing the reconstruction of juvenile justice in Ukraine, in particular through strengthening its institutional capacity. Each country must develop its own system that meets its specific needs and conditions. Conclusions: The research results can be used in the practical field as analytical material when forming a defence position. Further research may focus on studying the possibility of optimizing the restoration of juvenile justice in Ukraine, in particular through strengthening its institutional capacity.
BETWEEN LANGUAGES AND CULTURES: THE ROLE OF CONTINUOUS TRAINING IN TEACHER PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN PORTUGAL
Authors: Monteiro Sara Andreia Ali , Reis Andreia Vieira
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study is to map out the trends in continuing teacher training courses in Portugal, accredited by the Scientific-Pedagogical Council for Continuing Training (CCPFC), particularly orientated towards issues related to linguistic and cultural diversity. The analysis methodology adopted consisted of a documentary review of the titles of the training courses available on the CCPFC website, seeking to identify aspects such as the topics covered, the target audience and the training methods proposed. The results indicate that although there are significant efforts to promote diversity training, there are still areas that need to be strengthened. Firstly, there is an urgent need to increase the supply of training courses that address specific challenges, particularly about inclusion strategies for pupils who do not speak Portuguese. In addition, there is a need to promote a better balance in the distribution of training between the different centers, encouraging partnerships between educational institutions and other relevant bodies. Another critical point concerns the adaptation of programs, which should be adjusted to the specificities of each school and subject area. In conclusion, it is argued that the diversification of content, target audiences and training modalities is crucial to creating more inclusive educational environments in line with the needs of an increasingly linguistically and culturally diverse education system.
A POLÍCIA MILITAR DO PARANÁ E O ENFRENTAMENTO DA VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA: IMPACTOS DA LEI MARIA DA PENHA NAS AÇÕES POLICIAIS
Authors: Oliveira Cesar Augusto de , Ramos Thiago Henrique
Published: January 2025

Os casos de violência contra a mulher são elevados no Estado do Paraná; a Polícia Militar tem uma função relevante em atuar neste contexto.  O objetivo deste artigo é o de compreender e analisar a intervenção da Polícia Militar do Estado do Paraná no enfrentamento da violência de gênero e se a Patrulha Maria da Penha veio potencializar a atuação da instituição no combate a este tipo criminal. Trata-se de uma revisão descritiva de literatura, por meio de consultas a materiais já publicados e disponibilizados em bases de dados especificas e outras publicações. Foi possível observar que, não obstante o elevado número de ocorrência associados à violência doméstica no Estado do Paraná, a Lei Maria de Penha tem um impacto relevante na atuação da Polícia Militar, uma vez que vem sendo observado uma redução das ocorrências em virtude da atuação desta instituição, especificamente ao que se relaciona à atuação da Patrulha Maria da Penha, acresce-se a isso, o investimento em estrutura, equipamentos e treinamento de pessoal, intervenções relevantes na promoção da segurança das vítimas.   Assim sendo, é possível afirmar que a atuação da Polícia Militar do Estado do Paraná reflete um enfrentamento otimizado da violência doméstica.
RELEVÂNCIA DO PERFIL DE INTERFERON COMO BIOMARCADOR NO DIAGNÓSTICO PRECOCE DE LÚPUS ERITEMATOSO SISTÊMICO
Authors: Guedes Filho Julio Cesar , Rocha Lucca de Oliveira , Colares João Gabriel de Carvalho , Fonseca Victor Esteves Antunes
Published: January 2025

O lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES) é uma doença autoimune crônica com manifestações clínicas variadas, dificultando seu diagnóstico precoce e manejo adequado. A assinatura de interferon tipo I tem emergido como um biomarcador promissor no contexto do LES, devido à sua capacidade de refletir a ativação do sistema imunológico e a presença de manifestações sistêmicas graves. O objetivo deste estudo é revisar a literatura atual sobre o perfil de interferon como ferramenta diagnóstica precoce no LES, com foco em sua sensibilidade, especificidade e correlação com outras características imunológicas e clínicas. O perfil de interferon tem mostrado elevada sensibilidade na detecção precoce do LES, podendo ser utilizado como indicador de atividade da doença e de risco para complicações. Apesar das limitações, como a influência de fatores externos e a heterogeneidade nos métodos de análise, a incorporação desse biomarcador nos protocolos diagnósticos pode aprimorar a acurácia e permitir intervenções terapêuticas mais eficazes. Este biomarcador, combinado com outros testes clínicos e laboratoriais, pode contribuir significativamente para o diagnóstico precoce e a personalização do tratamento no LES.
Methods Of Using Historical and Scientific Materials in Mathematics Education
Authors:   Baku State University, Tahirov Bahadur , Aghazade Shahin ,   Baku State University
Published: January 2025

Modern society increasingly demands graduates equipped with a deep worldview and a solid foundation
of knowledge, skills, and competencies. Throughout their education, students are exposed to the
fundamentals of various sciences, including mathematics, for eleven years. Given that mathematics is
one of the core subjects in secondary education, it is imperative that students not only master the
methods of computation and logical reasoning but also deeply engage with mathematical concepts
through historical contexts. This paper explores the integration of historical and scientific materials into
mathematics education, emphasizing their significance in enriching the learning experience. By
utilizing historical facts and narratives, educators can present mathematics as a dynamic and evolving
discipline, fostering a sense of connection between students and the subject matter. The research
indicates that the incorporation of historical materials enhances students' conceptual understanding,
critical thinking skills, and mathematical modeling abilities. Furthermore, it promotes a broader
appreciation for mathematics as an essential component of personal culture and societal development.
This study aims to provide educators and prospective students with strategies to leverage historical
resources, thereby transforming mathematics into a vibrant field of inquiry. Through this approach, we
seek to cultivate a generation of learners who view mathematics not only as a set of abstract concepts
but also as a rich, contextualized discipline that reflects human thought and innovation over time.
Keywords: History of mathematics, content of historical and scientific materials, geometric methods
of solving equations, proof of identities using geometric methods, lune and its area, content
requirements, geometric methods of solving equations, proof of identities using geometric methods.
AMS Subject Classification: 97E50 - Mathematics education, 97C30 - Curriculum and pedagogy in
mathematics, 97D40 - Teaching methods and instructional strategies, 01A30 - History of mathematics,
97K10 - Use of technology in teaching mathematics.
The Effects of the Economic Valuation of Education from the Aspect of the Distance Learning System
Authors:   Pan-European University Apeiron, Vidovic Aleksandra
Published: January 2025

The aim of the work is to confirm the issues of economic evaluation of education and distance learning
systems, and to affirm the methodology of valuation and economic valuation as a key issue of objective
valuation and reasoning. The subject of research in this paper is the evaluation of the quality of teaching
delivered through distance learning studies, i.e., how students perceive the quality of this kind of
teaching. A particularly significant research problem posed in this work is whether and to what extent
the effectiveness of the economic adoption of the distance learning system is influenced by the current
education system. In writing this paper, the author relied on previous research in the area of economic
growth and development analysis, as well as technology evaluation and invisible capital. A comparative
analysis of the distance learning system, which the author has been dealing with for many years, is also
provided. The results certainly indicate important trends, which were expected. The conducted analysis
only gives indications for further research, which is certainly lacking in Bosnia and Herzegovina at the
level of tertiary education. In the context of harmonizing policies on the labor market and education
policy, it would be interesting to observe the speed of employment of students who graduate from
certain economic universities and professional studies in the country, but for such adequate monitoring,
it is not enough to analyze the data alone from the employment office, it would be necessary to analyze
the quality of individual faculties. The key conclusion: E-learning is an educational process realized
using computer and information technologies, enabling spatial distance between the user and the
provider of educational services. E-learning, as one of the alternative methods, forms, or technologies
of education, has evidently gained primacy in learning and work in recent years. All educational
processes are simultaneously economic processes with the primary goal of minimizing investments and
maximizing economic gains.
Keywords: Economic Valuation, Economic Development, Education.
Radiative impact of the Hunga stratospheric volcanic plume: role of aerosols and water vapor over Réunion Island (21° S, 55° E)
Authors: Sicard Michaël , Baron Alexandre , Ranaivombola Marion , Gantois Dominique , Millet Tristan , Sellitto Pasquale , Bègue Nelson , Bencherif Hassan , Payen Guillaume , Marquestaut Nicolas , Duflot Valentin
Published: January 2025

Abstract. This study attempts to quantify the radiative impact over Réunion Island (21° S, 55° E) in the southern tropical Indian Ocean of the aerosols and water vapor (WV) injected into the stratosphere by the eruption of the Hunga underwater volcano in the South Pacific on 15 January 2022 . Ground-based lidar and satellite passive instruments are used to parameterize a state-of-the-art radiative transfer (RT) model for the first 13 months after the volcano eruption. The descending rate of the aerosol volcanic plume is −8 m d−1. At this rate, aerosols are expected to be present in the stratosphere until the first half of 2025. The overall aerosol and water vapor impact on the Earth's radiation budget for the whole period is negative (cooling, −0.82 ± 0.35 W m−2) and dominated by the aerosol impact (∼ 95 %; the remaining ∼ 5 % is due to the water vapor). At the Earth's surface, aerosols are the main drivers and produce a negative (cooling, −1.04 ± 0.36 W m−2) radiative impact. Water vapor has hardly any radiative effect at the surface. Between the short-term (months 2 to 4 after the eruption, February–April 2022) and mid-term (months 5 to 14 after the eruption, May 2022–February 2023) periods, the aerosol and water vapor radiative effect at the surface and top of atmosphere (TOA) reduces by 22 % and 25 %, respectively. During the mid-term period, heating / cooling (H / C) rate profiles show a clear vertical difference locally in the stratosphere between the aerosol warming impact (18 to 26 km) and the water vapor cooling (22 to 30 km). The resulting aerosol and water vapor heating / cooling rate profile follows an S-shaped curve with peaks slightly larger for the moist layer (−0.09 K d−1) than for the sulfate layer (+0.06 K d−1).
Measurement report: Rocket-borne measurements of large ions in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere – detection of meteor smoke particles
Authors: Stude Joan , Aufmhoff Heinfried , Schlager Hans , Rapp Markus , Baumann Carsten , Arnold Frank , Strelnikov Boris
Published: January 2025

Abstract. We present mass spectroscopic in situ data from rocket flights of two improved ion mass spectrometers in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region. The instruments were optimized to detect large ions with a mass-to-charge ratio (m/z, mass) of up to m/z 2000 and 20 000 respectively, for analysis of meteor smoke particles. The flights were performed in the framework of the polar mesospheric winter echo (PMWE) campaigns, initiated and coordinated by the Leibniz Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP), to investigate polar mesospheric winter radar echoes in Andøya (Norway) in 2018 and 2021. Both flights were successful and allowed the mass number and chemical composition of charged meteor smoke particles to be investigated. We found a complex and diverse composition of positively and negatively charged molecules and particles within our mass range in a region that is notoriously difficult to get mass spectroscopic data from. While at altitudes below 85 km we observed negatively charged particles of up to several thousands of atomic mass units, above this altitude we found possible building blocks of these large particles that form right after their ablation from the parent meteorite material. In the first flight we detected no positively charged particles above m/z 100 and a difficult-to-interpret signal for negatively charged particles beyond our mass range of m/z 2000. In the second flight, however, we detected positively charged particles between around m/z 180 and 350 and a number of different negatively charged particles up to m/z 5500. Due to the very large mass range of m/z 20 000 used in the second flight and the subsequent lower mass resolution, unambiguous mass identification is not possible. A particular interesting pattern was found at 80.8 km of a compound that seems to double its mass around m/z 225, 450, 900 and 1800. Comparing our findings to proposed meteor smoke particle compounds by other authors, our observations would be consistent with magnetite, fayalite and forsterite. However, other possible compounds cannot be excluded.