bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aicardi-Goutières syndrome type 6: report of ADAR variant and clinical outcome after ruxolitinib treatment in the neonatal period
Authors: Gabaldon-Albero Alba , Martin-Grau Carla , Marti-Masanet Miguel , Lopez-Jimenez Alejandro , Llorens Roberto , Beseler-Soto Beatriz , Martin-Zamora Sergio , Lopez Berta , Calvo Inmaculada , Hernandez-Muela Sara , Rosello Monica , Orellana Carmen , Martinez Francisco
Published: December 2024

Background

Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome is a monogenic type 1 interferonopathy with infantile onset, characterized by a variable degree of neurological damage. Approximately 7% of Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome cases are caused by pathogenic variants in the ADAR gene and are classified as Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome type 6. Here, we present a new homozygous pathogenic variant in the ADAR gene. Currently, Janus Kinase inhibitors have been proposed to treat selected interferonopathies such as Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome, although limited information is available on its use and results in the neonatal presentation of this disease.

Case presentation

We present two siblings, a male neonate with congenital petechial rash, severe thrombopenia and generalized hypotonia and his deceased sister who had normal development until 5 months of age, when she suffered acute encephalopathy. We describe the clinical course, complementary examinations and follow-up with early treatment of the newborn with ruxolitinib. The homozygous variant c.2908G > A (p.Ala970Thr) in the ADAR gene was found in both siblings, parents were heterozygous carriers.

Conclusions

The homozygous variant c.2908G > A (p.Ala970Thr) in the ADAR gene causes Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome type 6. Intrafamilial phenotypic spectrum of the disease varies among individuals with the same pathogenic variant. Early initiation of ruxolitinib improved systemic signs but did not prevent the progression of neurological disease.
Definitions, epidemiology, and outcomes of persistent/chronic critical illness: a scoping review for translation to clinical practice
Authors: Ohbe Hiroyuki , Satoh Kasumi , Totoki Takaaki , Tanikawa Atsushi , Shirasaki Kasumi , Kuribayashi Yoshihide , Tamura Miku , Takatani Yudai , Ishikura Hiroyasu , Nakamura Kensuke ,   J-STAD (JAPAN Sepsis Treatment and Diagnosis) Study Group
Published: December 2024

Background

Medical advances in intensive care units (ICUs) have resulted in the emergence of a new patient population—those who survive the initial acute phase of critical illness, but require prolonged ICU stays and develop chronic critical symptoms. This condition, often termed Persistent Critical Illness (PerCI) or Chronic Critical Illness (CCI), remains poorly understood and inconsistently reported across studies, resulting in a lack of clinical practice use. This scoping review aims to systematically review and synthesize the existing literature on PerCI/CCI, with a focus on definitions, epidemiology, and outcomes for its translation to clinical practice.

Methods

A scoping review was conducted using MEDLINE and Scopus, adhering to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Peer-reviewed original research articles published until May 31, 2024 that described adult PerCI/CCI in their definitions of patient populations, covariates, and outcomes were included. Data on definitions, epidemiology, and outcomes were extracted by a data charting process from eligible studies and synthesized.

Results

Ninety-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 64 used the term CCI, 18 used PerCI, and 17 used other terms. CCI definitions showed greater variability, while PerCI definitions remained relatively consistent, with an ICU stay ≥ 14 days for CCI and ≥ 10 days for PerCI being the most common. A meta-analysis of the prevalence of PerCI/CCI among the denominators of “all ICU patients”, “sepsis”, “trauma”, and “COVID-19” showed 11% (95% confidence interval 10–12%), 28% (22–34%), 24% (15–33%), and 35% (20–50%), respectively. A meta-analysis of in-hospital mortality was 27% (26–29%) and that of one-year mortality was 45% (32–58%). Meta-analyses of the prevalence of CCI and PerCI showed 17% (16–18%) and 18% (16–20%), respectively, and those for in-hospital mortality were 28% (26–30%) and 26% (24–29%), respectively. Functional outcomes were generally poor, with many survivors requiring long-term care.

Conclusions

This scoping review synthesized many studies on PerCI/CCI, highlighting the serious impact of PerCI/CCI on patients’ long-term outcomes. The results obtained underscore the need for consistent terminology with high-quality research for PerCI/CCI. The results obtained provide important information to be used in discussions with patients and families regarding prognosis and care options.

Graphical abstract
A randomized trial of low-dose thrombolysis, ultrasound-assisted thrombolysis, or heparin for intermediate-high risk pulmonary embolism—the STRATIFY trial: design and statistical analysis plan
Authors: Kjærgaard Jesper , Carlsen Jørn , Sonne-Holm Emilie , Wiberg Sebastian , Holmvang Lene , Lassen Jens Flensted , Sørensen Rikke , Høfsten Dan , Ulriksen Peter Sommer , Jawad Samir , Palm Pernille , Thune Jens Jakob , Hassager Christian , Kristiansen Ole P. , Eskesen Kristian , Fanø Søren , Bang Lia E.
Published: December 2024

Background

Intermediate-high risk pulmonary embolism (PE) carries a significant risk of hemodynamic deterioration or death. Treatment should balance efficacy in reducing clot burden with the risk of complications, particularly bleeding. Previous studies on high-dose, short-term thrombolysis with alteplase (rtPA) showed a reduced risk of hemodynamic deterioration but no change in mortality and increased bleeding complications. Catheter-based techniques, including ultrasound-assisted thrombolysis (USAT), and low-dose thrombolysis may offer reasonable efficacy with lower risk. However, studies comparing these methods have been few. This trial aims to address this gap by randomizing patients to three treatment modalities.

Methods

Multicenter, randomized trial with 1:1:1 allocation of 210 patients with acute intermediate-high risk PE, excluding those with absolute contraindications to thrombolysis. Patients are eligible for inclusion if they are > 18 years of age, have had symptoms < 14 days, and are able to give informed consent. Patients are allocated 1:1:1 into three treatment strategies: (1) unfractionated heparin (UFH)/low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), (2) UFH/LMWH + 20 mg rtPA/6 h intravenously (IV), or (3) UFH + 20 mg rtPA/6 h via USAT. Co-primary outcomes include reduction in clot burden as assessed by refined Miller score from pre-treatment to follow-up (48–96 h) computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) comparing low-dose rtPA (± USAT) groups to UFH/LMWH group (p < 0.01, N = 210) and reduction in refined Miller score on follow-up CT angiography comparing low-dose rtPA by USAT to intravenous rtPA, p < 0.04, N = 140). Secondary outcomes comprise bleeding complications, duration of index admission, FiO2, blood pressure, respiratory and heart rate at the time of follow-up CT angiography, mortality in the three groups, incidence of tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient < 40 mmHg at 3 months follow-up echocardiography, 6-min walk test at 3 months comparing the three groups, and health-related quality of life at 3 months follow-up comparing the three groups.

Discussion

We hypothesize that in patients with intermediate-high risk PE (1) administration of 20 mg rtPA leads to a greater reduction in clot burden compared to heparins and (2) administration of 20 mg rtPA via USAT results in a greater reduction in clot burden compared to 20 mg rtPA intravenous.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04088292. Registered in September 2019 (retrospectively registered).
Morphological and molecular characterization of a Sarcocystis bovifelis-like sarcocyst in American beef
Authors: Gupta Aditya , de Araujo Larissa S. , Hemphill Andrew , Khan Asis , Rosenthal Benjamin M. , Dubey Jitender P.
Published: December 2024

Background

Parasites in the apicomplexan genus Sarcocystis infect cattle worldwide. Assessing the economic importance of each such parasite species requires proper diagnosis. Sarcocystis
cruzi, a thin-walled species, infects virtually all cattle. The prevalence of the other thin-walled parasite, Sarcocystis
heydorni, remains less well established. The remaining six species all have thick (> 3 µm) cyst walls (Sarcocystis
hirsuta,
S.
hominis,
S.
bovifelis,
S.
bovini,
S.
sigmoideus, and S.
rommeli). Thick-walled sarcocysts often induce inflammation in striated muscles (causing bovine eosinophilic myositis), leading to condemnation of carcasses at slaughter. One of these, S.
hirsuta, can be seen macroscopically and lead to condemnation of beef. Two Sarcocystis species, S.
hominis and S.
heydorni, are zoonotic. Although S.
hominis has been reported as prevalent in Europe, the occurrence of thick-walled species in the US remains poorly known. Here, for the first time to our knowldge, we characterize a thick-walled Sarcocystis species from a sample of beef from a local grocery store in Maryland. By morphological and genetic criteria, it closely, but not perfectly, resembles parasites previously ascribed to S.
bovifelis.

Methods

Beef samples were examined for Sarcocystis infection, using acid-pepsin digestion to search for bradyzoites, microscopically by compression between a glass slide and coverslip, by histology of paraffin embedded sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Molecular characterization was attempted employing genetic markers: 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, cox1, ITS1, gapdh1, ron3, and rpoB.

Results

Molecular evaluation revealed 100% identity with S.
bovifelis-like sarcocysts from naturally infected cattle from Germany and Argentina; although the condition of the frozen material precludes complete characterization by TEM, we noted morphological features which differed from the S.
bovifelis originally described from experimentally infected cattle from Germany.

Conclusions

A novel Sarcocystis species is described from beef from the USA but not named until further evaluation.

Graphical Abstract
Metagenome-validated combined amplicon sequencing and text mining-based annotations for simultaneous profiling of bacteria and fungi: vaginal microbiota and mycobiota in healthy women
Authors: Virtanen Seppo , Saqib Schahzad , Kanerva Tinja , Ventin-Holmberg Rebecka , Nieminen Pekka , Holster Tiina , Kalliala Ilkka , Salonen Anne
Published: December 2024

Background

Amplicon sequencing of kingdom-specific tags such as 16S rRNA gene for bacteria and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region for fungi are widely used for investigating microbial communities. So far most human studies have focused on bacteria while studies on host-associated fungi in health and disease have only recently started to accumulate. To enable cost-effective parallel analysis of bacterial and fungal communities in human and environmental samples, we developed a method where 16S rRNA gene and ITS1 amplicons were pooled together for a single Illumina MiSeq or HiSeq run and analysed after primer-based segregation. Taxonomic assignments were performed with Blast in combination with an iterative text-extraction-based filtration approach, which uses extensive literature records from public databases to select the most probable hits that were further validated by shotgun metagenomic sequencing.

Results

Using 50 vaginal samples, we show that the combined run provides comparable results on bacterial composition and diversity to conventional 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The text-extraction-based taxonomic assignment-guided tool provided ecosystem-specific bacterial annotations that were confirmed by shotgun metagenomic sequencing (VIRGO, MetaPhlAn, Kraken2). Fungi were identified in 39/50 samples with ITS sequencing while in the metagenome data fungi largely remained undetected due to their low abundance and database issues. Co-abundance analysis of bacteria and fungi did not show strong between-kingdom correlations within the vaginal ecosystem of healthy women.

Conclusion

Combined amplicon sequencing for bacteria and fungi provides a simple and cost-effective method for simultaneous analysis of microbiota and mycobiota within the same samples. Conventional metagenomic sequencing does not provide sufficient fungal genome coverage for their reliable detection in vaginal samples. Text extraction-based annotation tool facilitates ecosystem-specific characterization and interpretation of microbial communities by coupling sequence homology to microbe metadata readily available through public databases.
Insights into genetic aberrations and signalling pathway interactions in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: from pathogenesis to treatment strategies
Authors: Sobczyńska-Konefał Anna , Jasek Monika , Karabon Lidia , Jaskuła Emilia
Published: December 2024

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is prevalent in adults and is characterized by the accumulation of mature B cells in the blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleens. Recent progress in therapy and the introduction of targeted treatments [inhibitors of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTKi) or inhibitor of anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2i) protein (venetoclax)] in place of chemoimmunotherapy have significantly improved the outcomes of patients with CLL. These advancements have shifted the importance of traditional predictive markers, leading to a greater focus on resistance genes and reducing the significance of mutations, such as TP53 and del(17p). Despite the significant progress in CLL treatment, some patients still experience disease relapse. This is due to the substantial heterogeneity of CLL as well as the interconnected genetic resistance mechanisms and pathway adaptive resistance mechanisms to targeted therapies in CLL. Although the knowledge of the pathomechanism of CLL has expanded significantly in recent years, the precise origins of CLL and the interplay between various genetic factors remain incompletely understood, necessitating further research. This review enhances the molecular understanding of CLL by describing how BCR signalling, NF-κB PI3K/AKT, and ROR1 pathways sustain CLL cell survival, proliferation, and resistance to apoptosis. It also presents genetic and pathway-adaptive resistance mechanisms in CLL. Identifying B-cell receptor (BCR) signalling as a pivotal driver of CLL progression, the findings advocate personalized treatment strategies based on molecular profiling, emphasizing the need for further research to unravel the complex interplay between BCR signalling and its associated pathways to improve patient outcomes.
Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles: a promising solution for drug resistance and cancer therapy challenges
Authors: Krishna Anand G. , Sahana S. , Venkatesan H. , Arul Vettrivel
Published: December 2024

Background

Green synthesis techniques have drawn a lot of interest lately since they are beneficial to the environment and have potential uses in a variety of industries, including biomedicine. Because of their special physicochemical characteristics, copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) have become one of the most interesting options for use in biological applications among nanomaterials. An overview of green synthesis methods for CuNPs is given in this review, along with a discussion of their applications in cancer therapeutics. The benefits and drawbacks of certain green synthesis techniques, such as plant-mediated, microorganism-mediated, and other environmentally friendly processes, are discussed. Moreover, a thorough discussion is given of CuNPs’ biological uses, including their antibacterial activity, anticancer potential, drug transport, and bioimaging capabilities. Furthermore, difficulties and prospects for the application of green-synthesised CuNPs in biomedicine are discussed.
Communicative Practices, Evaluative Priorities and Cultural Meanings in the Consciousness of Modern Society
Authors: Goncharova Lyubov
Published: December 2024

The editor-in-chief's speech outlines the key scientific aspects of the publications of the current issue, points out the relevance of the research of communicative practices carried out in various spheres of human activity and branches of humanitarian science: linguistics, sociolinguistics, media communication, pedagogy, philosophy and culture.
‘Sexagenarians’ in the Modern Media Context of Russia and Greece
Authors: Bozhenkova N. , Al'pakova T.
Published: December 2024

The authors focus on the peculiarities of the linguistic objectification of the concept of "sixties’ in the materials of the Russian and Greek media. In the light of global changes in the gradation of age groups due to a wide range of economic, ideological and demographic realities, media resources today choose different (in comparison with the beginning of the XXI century) axiological vectors of publications about the social stratum 60+ and thereby form a new "optics" of perception of people of mature age.

The analysis of media texts actualizing the concept of "sixty-year-olds" convinces of the expansion of its semantic scope in recent decades and demonstrates extraordinary, in many ways opposite to stereotypical representations, trends in the description of older people, as a result of which the cluster of Russian and Greek lexical units attributing this age group is continuously replenished with new components.

The displacement and redistribution of thematic dominants explicating the categorical characteristics of the concept of the "sixty year old" in the media space demonstrates the new position of the media in the ideology and culture of the two countries, actively supported by native speakers of both Russian and Greek. The presence of a number of universal verbal signs reflecting values common to Russian/Greek linguistic cultures testifies to the cognitive process of rethinking humanity's ideas about old age, which is uniform for the world space, while the methods of constructing a media image and its general palette in two different ethnic communities have their own specifics, which gives the lexeme the sixty-year status of the "name" of an information and ideological product and He characterizes the concept of "sixty years old" as an extremely significant and relevant fragment of the national-linguistic picture of the world.
Unveiling the Hidden Dangers: The Impact of Blue Light on Skin Health and Aging
Authors: Szerej Krzysztof , Kot Alicja , Wojtczak Marta , Myśliwiec Natalia , Różycki Adrian , Pniak Michał , Miklis Paweł , Mawlichanów Maciej , Ciesielska Aleksandra , Sieradzka Aleksandra
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Deeper into the skin than UV radiation, blue light (400–490 nm) a component of the visible spectrum induces oxidative stress, DNA damage, and early aging. Its long-term effects on skin health remain understudied given growing exposure from digital devices.
 
The aim of this study: The objective of the review is to investigate how blue light affects skin by means of UV radiation comparison, vulnerability identification, and evaluation of mitigating techniques including sunscreens, antioxidants, and behavioral modification.
 
The materials and methods used: Synthesized were data from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies using materials and techniques. Advanced imaging, spectrophotometry, and biopsies under controlled blue light exposure allowed one to quantify cellular and molecular damage including ROS generation and collagen degradation.
 
Conclusion: In essence, blue light fuels oxidative stress, pigment problems, and skin aging. Among the effective mitigating techniques are lifestyle changes, advanced photoprotection, and antioxidant-rich skincare. Future studies will help to solve chronic exposure issues and enhance protective strategies.
Poly [(maleic acid)-co-(propane-1,2-diol)-ran- (citric acid)] for pH-Responsive Extended Drug Release
Authors: Mahmud Abu , Bakr Mohammad Abu , Nasrin Jahanara
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: The Dean-Stark apparatus was used to synthesize poly[(maleic acid)-co-(propane-1,2-diol)-ran-(citric acid)] in xylene medium in presence of anhydrous FeCl3 catalyst. FTIR-spectrum, TGA, soil burial biodegradation test, molecular weights, solubility in common organic solvents, elemental analysis and hydrolytic degradation test were performed to characterize the synthesized co-polyester. Soil burial biodegradation study showed nearly complete miscibility of the co-polyester in soil within around 2 months. Hydrolytic degradation study in solutions of different pH values, at room temperature, showed that this co-polyester stayed practically intact in solutions of pH 1.2-6.0, but they steadily degraded in solutions of pH>7.0. Because of such pH-responsive degradation characteristics, this co-polyester was tried as a carrier of oral formulation for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In simulated intestinal fluid, a constant rate of drug release (zero order) up to 10 hours from drug-loaded polymer matrix tablets was observed.
Design and Modelling of Human Body Temperature Detection Doors
Authors: S Theerkadharshini. , Lokeswary Mudinour , A Anbarasu. , C Caral , P Hari Shankar. , das K. Mohan
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: The later Covid 19 widespread has raised concerns approximately existing security measures to control the spread of the malady through touch and contact. One of the security measures is wearing veils in open places and all over. In this paper, there's a savvy entryway that employments a machine learning show to track body temperature. The planned show can be utilized for any school, college, shopping center, in, loft entrance, etc. The result may be a cost-effective and solid strategy of utilizing Arduino, PIR sensor, and MLX90614 to construct a sound environment. The assessment of the proposed system is carried out in such a way that the body temperature of the person is checked by employing a non-contact temperature sensor (below 38ºC). This programmed entryway framework employments an infrared temperature sensor with an Arduino uno to associate sending temperature estimation information to a database. The microcontroller can peruse the estimation of the user's body temperature, in case the body temperature is typical, the programmed entryway will open without touching the handle. In this way, the spread of the transmission of the coronavirus can be minimized, since there's no contact with objects that individuals regularly utilize, to specific handles. In this venture, an endeavor was made to create a model-programmed temperature location framework.
Vegetation composition, structure and association at site invaded by Calliandra houstoniana in Bung Hatta Grand Forest Park, West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: SOLFIYENI SOLFIYENI , WINATA FERDINA , MILDAWATI MILDAWATI , MARISA HANIFA
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Solfiyeni, Winata F, Mildawati, Marisa H. 2024. Vegetation composition, structure and association at site invaded by Calliandra houstoniana in Bung Hatta Grand Forest Park, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3608-3616. Invasive plants are plants that can aggressively dominate an ecosystem, thereby disrupting the balance of the ecosystem. Kaliandra (Calliandra houstoniana (Mill.) Standl.), an invasive alien plant species, has notably invaded several conservation areas in Indonesia, including Bung Hatta Grand Forest Park, West Sumatra. This study, conducted from October 2023 to February 2024, aimed to analyze the composition, structure and association of vegetation community affected by C. houstoniana and investigate the association between C. houstoniana and other species within the park. Sampling was conducted using the quadrat method by establishing a 20 × 50 meter observation plot, subdivided into ten 10 × 10 meter subplots for tree level; 5 × 5 meter for sapling and 2 × 2 meter for understorey. We identified all plant species within the sub-plots and measured environmental factors including light intensity, temperature and soil pH. Within the sampling plots, there were 11 families, 13 genera and 14 species at tree level with C. houstoniana exhibited the highest Importance Value Index (IVI = 62.96%). At sapling level, there were 9 families and 12 species with the dominance of C. houstoniana (IVI = 168.47%). Understorey was composed by 15 families and 19 species with Clidemia hirta (L.) D.Don as dominant species (IVI = 29.26%). Shannon-Wienner diversity index (H') was moderate where index for tree, sapling and understory was 2.32, 1.69 and 2.7, respectively. Only a few species managed to coexist and withstand the invasion of C. houstoniana. Association tests, including the Chi-Square Test and Jaccard Index, indicated no significant association between C. houstoniana and other species. The results of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) show that environmental factors, especially light intensity and air temperature, greatly influenced the presence of the two dominant species C. houstoniana and Falcataria falcata (L.) Greuter & R.Rankin, while the presence of Pandanus sp. is influenced by soil pH. The study demonstrated that C. houstoniana negatively impacts the diversity of local species, reducing overall diversity levels in Bung Hatta Grand Forest Park.
Diversity and nesting ecology of Indo-Malayan stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: EMIL MUHAMMAD FARHAN PUTRA , PRIAWANDIPUTRA WINDRA , KAHONO SIH , ATMOWIDI TRI
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Emil MFP, Priawandiputra W, Kahono S, Atmowidi T. 2024. Diversity and nesting ecology of Indo-Malayan stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Aceh Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3617-3627. The study of stingless bee diversity and nest ecology is needed as an integral part of beneficial insects. Information on stingless bees in the northern peninsula of Sumatra, Indonesia was limited. The study aimed to analyze the species richness and nest ecology of Indo-Malayan stingless bees in Aceh Province. Through exploratory surveys, data were collected from two observation sites, i.e., Aceh Besar and Bener Meriah Districts, between July and August 2023. Results showed that ten species of stingless bees were recorded. The stingless bees' body lengths ranged from 4.6 to 11.7 mm, and forewing lengths from 3 to 8.8 mm. Stingless bee nest substrates were found on natural substrates and those associated with settlements. Nest entrances varied in size (1.75-13.54 cm in length, 0.65-7.57 cm in horizontal diameter, 0.45-7.46 cm in vertical diameter), with long pipe funnel with dim gray, cavity shapes dominantly circular and irregular, soft textures with resin and pores. These nests were located 1-300 m from water sources in elevation ranges 0-600 cm. The cells in the stingless bee nest were composed of brood cells, honey cells, pollen cells, and stone layers. Variations in the nest entrance funnel may related to the adaptability to the environment and internal factors.
The WASPAS Method in Determining BSM Recipients Objectively
Authors: Tundo Tundo , Wijonarko Panji , Raffiudin Muhammad
Published: December 2024

This research was conducted due to complaints from several parents regarding the determination of BSM at SDN Karanganyar 02 which still contains subjectivity in its selection so that some students are less fortunate. SDN Karanganyar 02, once a year always carries out activities related to determining the selection of BSM recipients. With this activity, it is hoped that students who are underprivileged but have fairly good achievements can receive this BSM so that the activities they carry out do not feel burdened with financial needs. The fact is that in institutions there are still many students who do not get BSM, even though according to the requirements these students should be eligible to get BSM. So in the selection that occurs there is a very irrational subjectivity. To solve this problem, the researcher tries to make a solution through an application that applies the Weight Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) method, which is a method of determining with predetermined criteria. The criteria in question are activities, achievements, report cards, parental income, home conditions, and parental dependents. After analyzing and implementing the WASPAS Decision Support System, it was found that the results were detrimental to students where the criteria scores and final determination were lower than some other students, but the SD carried out an assessment by obtaining BSM. To prevent this incident from recurring, WASPAS is very capable of answering objective determinations with the results obtained at 79.88% and the previous subjective determination at 20.12%.
Learning Innovations Through Exploration and Exploitation in Russian Regions: A Nonlinear Panel Data Interaction Model
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Domnich Yegor
Published: December 2024

When implementing innovations, firms are faced with the need to make a choice between relatively inexpensive, but short-term in effect duration, or more expensive, but promising long-term benefits, projects. The first option of innovation learning is based on the use of existing technologies – usually in the form of ready-made technical solutions – while the second involves conducting its own research and development. The baseline and joint effects of exploitation and exploration of technologies as ways of learning innovation are not obvious, and therefore are the focus of numerous studies. The study presents estimates of the comparative effects of technology exploitation and exploration as factors of innovation activity changes in the economy of Russian regions in 2010–2022. A feature of the methodology used, taking into account the methodological limitations of official statistics, is the assessment of nonlinear and joint effects of exploitation and exploration, which makes them comparable with the world experience in studying such effects. The results of the study indicate the limited applicability of the innovation learning model through exploitation and exploration in modern Russia. It is established that such a model is not applicable to the top 20 regions in terms of innovative development. Within the 60 least developed regions, the effects of exploitation and exploration are dispersed in space. Linear exploitation costs increase the innovative activity of enterprises in the Southern Federal District, and linear exploration costs increase the enterprises of the Central Federal District. Quadratic exploitation costs, on the contrary, suppress innovation activity in the Southern Federal District, and quadratic exploration costs in the Far Eastern Federal District. The joint (synergistic) impact of exploitation and exploration has been recorded in the regions of the Urals, Siberia and the Far East. The results obtained make it possible to complement the world experience in studying innovation learning processes, taking into account the specifics of implementing innovation processes in Russian regions
Sporcularda dirençli ve dirençsiz pliometrik antrenmanların depresyon üzerine etkisi
Authors: Topal Dilek , Gül  Özkaya Yaşar
Published: December 2024

Özet
 
Amaç: Bu çalışmadaki amaç iki farklı yöntemle uygulanan  pliometrik antrenman programının depresyon puanı üzerine etkisinin incelenmesidir. Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya 15-18 yaş aralığında 31 genç basketbol sporcusu dahil olmuştur.  Araştırmaya katılan sporcular  kontrol (K), pliometrik (P) ve ağırlık yeleği kullanarak uygulanan dirençli pliometrik (A) ve olmak üzere 3 gruba ayrılmıştır. Her 3 grup da 12 haftalık rutin basketbol antrenmana dahil edilmiştir. K grubu sadece rutin basketbol, P grubu vücut ağırlığı kullanarak pliometrik, A grubu ise ağırlık yeleği ile birlikte pliometrik antrenman uygulamıştır. Sporcuların Beck Depresyon Envanteri kullanılarak depresyon skorları belirlenmiştir. Envanter, 12 haftalık antrenmanın öncesinde ve 12 haftalık antrenman sonunda uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen veri ortalama + SS olarak sunulmuş, ölçümler arası karşılaştırma t testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Gruplar arası karşılaştırmada ise varyans analizi kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada istatistiksel olarak anlamlılık düzeyi (p<0.05) kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmadan elde edilen veriler incelendiğinde K grubunda depresyon puanları karşılaştırıldığında ön-son test arasında farklılık olmadığı, fakat dirençli ve dirençsiz yapılan antrenman grubunda son test ölçüm sonuçlarında depresyon puanlarının istatistiksel olarak azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada genç sporculara 12 hafta uygulanan dirençli ve dirençsiz antrenmanın sporcuların depresyon puanını düşürdüğü tespit edilmiştir.
 
Anahtar kelimeler: Genç Sporcu, Ağırlık Antrenmanı, beck depresyon, pliometrik antrenman
Efektivitas Biosorpsi Logam Berat Ni(II) Menggunakan Saccharomyces cerevisiae Terimobilisasi Pada Natrium Alginat
Authors: Setiawan Adhi , Rahmawati Devi Ayu , Novitrie Nora Amelia , Dermawan Denny
Published: December 2024

Kandungan logam berat Nikel(II) yang dihasilkan dari aktifitas industri berpotensi menyebabkan pencemaran sumber daya air yang berbahaya bagi makluk hidup dan lingkungan. Penggunaan biomassa Saccharomyces cerevisiae terimobilisasi natrium alginat sebagai adsorben merupakan alternatif pengolahan yang murah dan efektif dalam menurunkan kandungan logam berat NI(II) di dalam air limbah. Imobilisasi dilakukan untuk meningkatkan stabilitas partikel biomassa dan meningkatkan kinerja proses penyerapan logam berat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik biosorben serta pengaruh pH, waktu kontak dan konsentrasi awal terhadap efisiensi penyisihan logam Ni(II). Proses adsorpsi dilakukan dengan sistem batch menggunakan variasi pH (3, 5, 6), waktu kontak (15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 menit), dan konsentrasi awal Ni(II) (25, 50, 75, 100 mg/L). Biosorben dikarakterisasi menggunakan FTIR dan SEM-EDX. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil efisiensi penyisihan Ni(II) optimum diperoleh pada kondisi pH larutan 6, waktu kontak 75 menit, dan konsentrasi awal Ni(II) 100 mg/L yaitu sebesar 82,77%.  The heavy metal content Ni(II) produced from industrial activities has the potential to cause water resources to be polluted, which is dangerous for living creatures and the environment. Saccharomyces cerevisiae biomass immobilized with sodium alginate as an adsorbent is a cheap and effective treatment alternative in reducing wastewater's heavy metal NI(II) content. Immobilization is carried out to increase the stability of biomass particles and improve the performance of the heavy metal absorption process. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of biosorbents as well as the effect of pH, contact time, and initial concentration on the removal efficiency of Ni(II) metal. The adsorption process was carried out with a batch system using variations of pH (3, 5, 6), contact time (15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 minutes), and initial concentration of Ni(II) (25, 50, 75, 100 mg/L). The biosorbent was characterized using FTIR and SEM-EDX. The results showed that the optimum removal efficiency of Ni(II) was obtained in the condition of solution pH 6, contact time 75 minutes, and initial concentration of Ni(II) 100 mg/L, which amounted to 82.77%.
A New Mutation within the Porphobilinogen Deaminase Gene Leading to a Truncated Protein as a Cause of Acute Intermittent Porphyria in an Extended Indian Family
Authors: Flachsová E. , Verma I. C. , Ulbrichová D. , Saxena R. , Zeman J. , Saudek V. , Raman C. S. , Martásek Pavel
Published: December 2024

Based on Internet search, we were contacted by a 50-year-old man suffering from severe abdominal pain. Acute hepatic porphyria was considered from positive Watson-Schwartz test. He, not being a health professional, searched for centres with ability to do molecular diagnosis and for information about therapeutic possibilities. He asked his physician for haem-arginate (Normosang, Orphan Europe, Paris) treatment, arranged sending his blood to our laboratory and mediated genetic counselling for him and his family. Molecular analyses of the PBGD gene revealed a novel mutation in exon 15, the 973insG. Subsequently, genetic analysis was performed in 18 members of the proband's extensive family. In 12 members of the family, the same mutation was found. The mutation, which consisted of one nuc1eotide insertion, resulted in addition of four different amino acids leading to a protein that is prematurely truncated by the stop codon. The effect of this mutation was investigated by expression of the wild-type and mutated PBGD in a prokaryotic expression system. The mutation resulted in instability of the protein and loss of enzymatic function. The increasing access to a number of disease- and symptom-oriented web pages presents a new and unusual venue for gaining knowledge and enabling self-diagnosis and self-help. It is, therefore, important that disease-oriented Internet pages for public use should be designed with clarity and accurate current knowledge-based background.
Downregulation of myc Promoter-Binding Protein 1 (MBP-1) in Growth-Arrested Malignant B cells
Authors: Tvrdík Daniel , Dundr P. , Povýšil C. , Přikryl P. , Melčáková Š. , Planková M.
Published: December 2024

Normal human B lymphocytes are sensitive to the growth-inhibitory action of TGF-β1 whereas malignant B lymphoma cells are mostly resistant to TGF-β1 effects. We have shown in our previous work that, TGF-β1 treatment resulted in significant growth inhibition of the DoHH2 cell line. In the present study we showed that TGF-β1-induced growth arrest was associated with notable downregulation of the myc-binding protein-1 (MBP-1). Moreover, our results indicated that c-Myc overexpression in TGF-β1-arrested malignant B cells is mediated by binding of MBP-1, as a transcription repressor, to the (+118/+153) element of the promoter region of the myc gene.
The Effect of Interferon β-1a on MMP-2 and MMP-9 Proteolytic Activity
Authors: Kurzepa Jacek , Stryjecka-Zimmer M.
Published: December 2024

MMP-2 and MMP-9 play a significant role in the development of numerous diseases mainly with the inflammatory pathogenesis. One of the drugs exerting an effect on metalloproteinases is IFN-β. Previous studies showed that IFN β-1b can decrease MMP synthesis and moreover inhibit their proteolytic activity. The aim of our study was to analyse the influence of recombinant IFN β-1a (identical with natural IFN-β) on MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities. The gelatinolytic activity was evaluated with zymography in sera obtained from 10 healthy donors. After electrophoresis gels were incubated with or without IFN β-1a (2000 U/ml) for 18 h. We noticed a significant decrease of MMP-2/72 kDa (P = 0.0283) and the augmentation of MMP-9/92 kDa (P = 0.0042) activities after incubation with interferon. The elevation of MMP-9/92 kDa activity suggests that IFN β-1a can exhibit proinflammatory features besides well-known anti-inflammatory properties.
Assessing the carbon footprint of marginal and smallholders farming systems: A typology driven approach
Authors: Arivukkumar N , Shanmugam PM , Kannan B , Sumathi CS , Prahadeeshwaran M , Sangeetha SP , Raghavi G
Published: December 2024

Agriculture is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, with practices such as fertilizer application, soil tillage, and livestock management releasing carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane (CH4). To meet the demands of a growing population, it is essential to identify agricultural practices that boost food production while simultaneously reducing greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to climate change mitigation and adaptation. This study aimed to quantify GHG emissions from various farm typologies of marginal and smallholder households in the western regions of Tamil Nadu, India, using the Cool Farm Tool (CFT). Data was collected from 250 households in Coimbatore, Tiruppur, and Erode districts during 2022-2023 and farm typologies were identified through multivariate analysis, revealing four farm types: (i) cereal crop-dominated marginal farms, (ii) livestock-dominated marginal farms, (iii) cash crop-dominated marginal farms, and (iv) plantation crop-dominated small farms. The results show that cash crop and plantation crop dominated farms had the highest emissions, particularly from crop residue burning, fertilizer production and fertilizer application. In contrast, cereal crop-dominated farms recorded lower emissions. Livestock dominated farm type exhibited higher GHG emission from enteric fermentation and manure management due to higher number of livestock. The results of this study highlight the importance of developing farm-specific mitigation strategies to reduce emissions. The study also underscores the value of using tools such as CFT for comprehensive GHG quantification to ensure sustainable agricultural practices.
Edible Coatings: Classification, applications and innovations in food preservation
Authors: Jamuna P , Vijayalatha K R , Devi AN , Jegadeeswari V , Kumar RA , Geetha K , Lakshmi IG , Maheswari TU , Anitha T
Published: December 2024

The health of every individual heavily depends on the consumption of fruits. Although fruits are exceptionally healthy, their perishable characteristics pose difficulties for prolonged storage. Ineffective post-harvest techniques can impede the supply chain, leading to considerable losses for producers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to reduce post-harvest losses to enhance agricultural productivity. Conventional post-harvest treatments involving synthetic chemicals are increasingly being recognized for their potential negative impacts on human health. In response, the use of bio-based edible coatings derived from plant materials is gaining significant attention and encouragement. Edible coatings effectively extend the shelf life of fruits by controlling oxidation, moisture loss, and gas exchange. Coatings enriched with bioactive materials create an additional protective layer that slows down respiration rates, thereby prolonging the freshness of the fruits. This review provides an abridged overview of edible coatings, discussing their applications and classifications, and concludes by emphasizing chitosan as one of the most effective compounds. Additionally, the review explores innovative materials and nanotechnology-based edible coatings, along with their application techniques for various fruits. These advancements aim to address supply chain challenges and enhance food security.
Atmospheric cold plasma: A novel technique for microbial inactivation and quality preservation of spices and herbs
Authors: Thiyam PD , Shunmugam G , Murugesan B , Vaikuntavasen P , Uthandi S
Published: December 2024

The global production of spices and herbs has increased significantly in recent decades due to growing consumer demand. However, this expansion has been accompanied by a rise in foodborne illness outbreaks associated with these products, necessitating advancements in processing methods. Atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) has emerged as a promising food treatment technique for improving product safety and extending shelf life. This paper reviews the application of ACP in spices and herbs processing, focusing on its microbial inactivation capabilities and its effects on nutritional and physico-chemical properties. While research generally supports the effectiveness of ACP, its impact varies significantly based on treatment parameters and the specific spice or herb being processed. Comprehending these variations is critical for optimizing ACP conditions to ensure the safety and quality of the final products. Further research is required to refine ACP applications tailored to different spices and herbs, providing deeper insight into its potential. The findings underscore the importance of customized processing strategies that meet safety standards while preserving the natural qualities of spices and herbs, catering to an increasingly health-conscious market. Additionally, the scalability of ACP technology for industrial applications remains an area of active investigation, as larger-scale processing introduces unique challenges. Addressing these challenges will be critical for the widespread adoption of ACP in the spice and herb industry, ensuring consistent outcomes across diverse production environments.
Efficacy of botanical repellents on major pests - A review
Authors: Mohamedfarook E , Thirumurugan A , Suresh K , Paramasivam M , Merina S K P , Prabakaran M
Published: December 2024

One of the most common strategies in managing insect pests is repellence. This technology comes from early farming practices. The worldwide evaluation aims to evaluate the current state of research and development on the repellent properties of various botanical products to incorporate them reliably into pest management systems. As a result, many countries are returning to plant-based repellants to combat pest insects and vertebrates. Olfaction and gustatory action are the two mechanisms used by plant-derived repellents. It can be classified by their modes of action, including genuine repellents, attraction inhibitors, contact irritants, antifeedants or deterrents and visual barriers. Ecologists are concerned about the potential harm contemporary pest control methods may pose to vertebrate wildlife. Therefore, caution is needed in agricultural settings when treating major pest groups, such as beetles, whiteflies, fruit flies, honey bees and vertebrate pests. Botanicals have significant advantages, being eco-friendly, non-phytotoxic and safe for both the agroecosystem and the environment. In modern agriculture, synthetic pesticides or repellents are crucial in helping farmers control pests. However, it may harm non-target insects, cause significant environmental contamination and affect human health. The current review revisits the urgent and comprehensive needs that must be met to conduct additional research on both known and unknown plants that contain compounds that repel pestiferous taxa throughout agroecosystems. These plants have the potential to be widely utilized as botanical biopesticides, but current research is increasingly focused on their bio-repellent properties, both globally and in India.
Physiological evaluation of nano DAP on growth and yield of tomato
Authors: Keerthana S , Rajavel M , Senthil A , Prasanthrajan M , Sivakumar V
Published: December 2024

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), a solanaceous crop, is widely cultivated worldwide. This study evaluates the impact of Nano DAP (diammonium phosphate) on morpho-physiological traits, biochemical properties, yield, and quality parameters. Eight treatments comprising varying proportions of DAP and Nano DAP were evaluated for traits including plant height, leaf area, chlorophyll index, total dry matter production, gas exchange parameters, leaf soluble protein, total soluble solids (TSS), ascorbic acid, titratable acidity, firmness and fruit yield. The hybrid tomato variety 'Shivam' was cultivated in pot culture under a glasshouse at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, using a completely randomized design with five replications. Foliar sprays with different proportions of nano DAP and DAP were applied 30 and 45 days after transplanting. Among the treatments, 75% RDNP (recommended nitrogen and phosphorus dose) combined with two foliar sprays of nano DAP @ 0.7% (T5) significantly increased plant height (48.90 cm and 54.31 cm), chlorophyll index (40.05 and 42.15), dry matter production (55.45 g plant?¹), TSS (5.52 Brix), fruit production, and ascorbic acid content. This treatment also improved gas exchange parameters, fruit firmness, and overall `growth and productivity compared to other treatments. Conversely, the absolute control group demonstrated the lowest performance across all parameters. The study highlights that combining both conventional fertilizers with Nano DAP considerably improves tomato growth by enhancing nutrient absorption, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, which are essential for cell division, photosynthesis, and energy transfer. Nano DAP, due to its small particle size and large surface area, effectively penetrates plant tissues, increasing nutrient availability, chlorophyll content, and plant height. These findings underscore the potential of Nano DAP to substantially enhance tomato yield and quality, thereby contributing to sustainable crop production.