bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The flip side of the flipped classroom model: A study of EFL learners’ hindrances
Authors: Quadir Hafiz Abdul , Alfaifi Abdullah Ahmad M. , Saleem Mohammad , Wajid Mohammad Abdul
Published: October 2022

Flipped Classroom Model is reported in research studies to bring in numerous benefits to learners in comparison to conventional, teacher-dominated language pedagogy. However, some researchers believe that most of the FCM success stories reported in research are anecdotal and based on hearsay. The present research study investigates the efficacy of FCM to teach English as a foreign language in the Saudi Arabian context. In a quasi-experimental study, a selected group of twenty students was taught through the conventional as well as FCM approaches. Marks obtained by the control and treatment group participants were compared and t-test was applied to mark the significance of difference, if any. The findings showed a significant difference (t = 3.889; significant at α =.001; df = 38, two-tailed test) between the marks of the same group of students taught using different approaches. Participants performed better under conventional lesson delivery approach. The study concludes that FCM as a teaching practice is unsuitable for some EFL learners, especially with teacher-intensive language elements, such as reading and writing.

Keywords: Flipped Classroom, language pedagogy, reading comprehension, teaching strategies, TEFL
Technology for the prevention of dysgraphia in primary schoolchildren
Authors: Bakytgul Zhakanbayeva , Kutzhan Omirbekova , Autayeva Akbota , Zhetkizgenovna Tokashova Gulnaz , Bagila Sabdenova
Published: October 2022

Within the scope of the study, it is aimed at developing technology to prevent dysgraphia in primary schoolchildren. The research was applied in the spring semester of 2021–2022. 158 primary school students participated in the study. The study was designed using a quantitative research model. In the study, the group of participants were given 3 weeks of dysgraphia prevention technology and learning training. In order to collect data for the study, the data collection tool developed by the researchers who created the study was used. The research collected by the data collection tool used in the tables and the results of the study in the comments was added to the obtained results, considering prevention technologies to be included in the study group of students with reading disorders of disgraf learned from the very best of the group of participants and they will use this technology. It is seen that the results have been achieved in education.

Keywords: Dysgraphia, primary school students, online technology, education
Reading American Historical Context with : Focused on an Online Case Study
Authors:   The Korean Society For Teaching English Literature, Kim Sooim , Chung Hyejin
Published: October 2022

According as a university education has responded to the changing times, movies have been good teaching materials. In this educational environment, this study tries to explore the case study to use Lincoln (2013) directed by Steven Spielberg as a means of drawing learners’ attention to historical backdrops. Learners that have difficulty in grasping historical contexts can find out the point of contact with major historical issues from the Civil War to the early 19th century such as Indian Removal Act, New York City Draft Riots and Jim Crow Law etc. In the process of understanding various historical events based on the movie, the learners may bring out various questions and discuss them. It means that learners can enhance their critical thinking and extend the comprehensive faculty to human being and the world.
Las obligaciones jurídico-comunitarias de las grandes plataformas proveedoras de servicios digitales en la era del metaverso
Authors: Cruz Ángeles Jonatán
Published: October 2022

Las principales empresas tecnológicas están cursando una carrera para tratar de liderar la conquista del metaverso. Un mundo digital, en un entorno de realidad virtual aumentada, donde se intenta reproducir el mundo analógico. La dinámica es sencilla: el usuario utiliza todo tipo de dispositivos para conseguir una experiencia inmersiva total para los cinco sentidos. El objetivo que se persigue es que, en este nuevo mundo, el usuario pueda llevar a cabo todo un proyecto de vida de forma integral. Ante este fenómeno, en el ámbito de la Unión Europea, el legislador comunitario considera que nuestro ordenamiento jurídico estará preparado para regular esta nueva actividad gracias a un novedoso paquete de medidas sobre servicios digitales, que todavía se encuentra en fase de negociación. En este artículo, nos centramos en el estudio de la “Ley de Servicios Digitales”, que pretende establecer un conjunto de responsabilidades y un marco claro de rendición de cuentas y transparencia para los proveedores de servicios de intermediación. Analizaremos su contenido, así como su ámbito de aplicación y su potencial desarrollo teniendo en cuenta todo aquello que promete el metaverso a corto plazo.
The Boston lymphatic center’s early experience with lymph node transplantation to the upper extremity
Authors: Friedman Rosie , Morgenstern Monica , Bustos Valeria P. , Fleishman Aaron , Shillue Kathy , Tsai Leo L. , Critchlow Jonathan F. , Singhal Dhruv
Published: October 2022

Aim: Although vascularized lymph node transplantation (VLNT) has gained recognition as an effective treatment option for lymphedema, no consensus on the timing of transplant with other lymphatic procedures has been established. The aim of this study is to describe our institutional experience with VLNT, including our staged approach and report postoperative outcomes. Methods: A retrospective review of patients who underwent VLNT for upper extremity lymphedema from May 2017 to April 2022 was conducted. Patients were divided into fat- or fluid-dominant phenotypes based on preoperative workup. Patients with a minimum of 12-month follow-up were included. Records were reviewed for demographic, intraoperative, and surveillance data. Results: Twenty-three patients underwent VLNT of the upper extremity during the study period, of which eighteen met the study criteria. Nine patients had fluid-dominant disease and nine patients had fat-dominant disease and had undergone prior debulking at our institution. Fluid-dominant patients demonstrated slight reductions in limb volume and hours in compression, and improvement in quality-of-life scores at twelve months. Fat-dominant patients who underwent prior debulking had a slight increase in limb volume without a change in hours of compression, and demonstrated improvements in quality-of-life scores in nearly all subdomains. Overall, 17% of patients discontinued compression therapy entirely. Improvement in extremity edema was present in 83% of postoperative MRIs. Conclusion: VLNT had varying effects on limb measurements while reliably improving quality-of-life and allowing for the potential of discontinuing compression. Utilizing a staged approach wherein debulking is performed upfront may be particularly beneficial for patients with fat-dominant disease.
BUS LANE IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY
Authors: SZARATA Mateusz
Published: October 2022

This paper proposes a methodology for bus lane allocation including different strategies, dynamic bus lanes, and exclusive bus lanes. Choosing the right solution depends on many factors, such as traffic flow, passenger flow, and time losses. Analytical or simulation models can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of a separate bus lane. Analytical methods are simple to use and provide results in a short time. Simulation models, unlike analytical ones, require much more time and data to prepare but they are also much more detailed and accurate data. Therefore, analytical models may be particularly needed in the first stage of planning work during which potential sections for separated bus lanes are indicated. In this article, the author proposed an analytical model based on the 6th edition of the Highway Capacity Manual, which can be used to assess the implementation of separated bus lanes in different strategies. The final model developed was calibrated using traffic measurement results collected in a Polish city. As a result of the work, the author proposed the calculation procedure of the assumptions and diagrams, enabling the assessment of the selection of the appropriate solution.
Reconnexion durable à la mer : que deviendra la réserve naturelle de Moëze-Oléron et les marais alentours en 2050 ?
Authors: TRAVICHON Ségolène , MOUILLON Paloma
Published: October 2022

Dans le cadre du projet LIFE ADAPTO, le Conservatoire du littoral et la LPO ont collaboré pour imaginer les futurs possibles du marais de Brouage dans le contexte d’élévation du niveau marin et plus particulièrement de la réserve naturelle nationale de Moëze-Oléron. Des scénarios différents de gestion du trait de côte ont également été testés. La méthodologie appliquée est totalement innovante et a permis de modéliser, sans certitude scientifique, les nouveaux paysages possibles. Un effacement total de digue rendrait les écosystèmes plus résilients avec des pertes d’habitats patrimoniaux alors qu’une digue de retrait impliquerait d’importants dysfonctionnements. De nouveaux modes de gestion de cet espace à vocation environnemental ont également pu être imaginés.
Moorland Point: Decline of a traditional roost-site for Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres, Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva and other shorebirds in northern Tasmania
Authors: Britton Hazel , Hunter James
Published: October 2022

The Moorland Point area has been an important high-tide roost for certain migratory shorebird species on the central-north coast of Tasmania, where shorebirds are generally scarce. Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres and Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva roost on a small rocky headland and adjacent piles of seaweed along with up to three Grey-tailed Tattlers Tringa brevipes (all mainly in summer), and Double-banded Plover Charadrius bicinctus roost above the high-tide mark 250 m to the east (mainly February–early August). More than 300 counts of shorebirds have been made at this site from 1985 to 2014. All these species have declined in recent years. Ruddy Turnstone, Pacific Golden Plover and Grey-tailed Tattler may have been affected by factors elsewhere in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway, but local disturbance is also implicated and needs further management in addition to the recent initiative to block vehicles from the beach. The situation highlights some of the problems in conserving shorebird species that favour scattered small sites and may escape the attention given to sites supporting large numbers of more social shorebirds.
Characterizing Mitochondrial Capture in an Iberian Shrew
Authors: Kunerth Henry D. , Tapisso Joaquim T. , Valente Raul , Mathias Maria da Luz , Alves Paulo C. , Searle Jeremy B. , Vega Rodrigo , Paupério Joana
Published: October 2022

Mitochondrial introgression raises questions of biogeography, and extent of reproductive isolation and natural selection. Previous phylogenetic work on the Sorex araneus complex revealed apparent mitonuclear discordance in Iberian shrews indicating past hybridization of S. granarius and the Carlit chromosomal race of S. araneus, enabling introgression of the S. araneus mitochondrial genome into S. granarius. To further study this, we genetically typed 61 S. araneus/coronatus/granarius from localities in Portugal, Spain, France and Andorra at mitochondrial, autosomal and sex-linked loci, and combined our data with the previously published sequences. Our data are consistent with the earlier data that S. coronatus and S. granarius are the most closely related of the three species and confirm that S. granarius from the Central System mountain range in Spain captured the mitochondrial genome from a population of S. araneus. The mitochondrial capture event can be explained by invoking a biogeographical scenario whereby S. araneus was in contact with S. granarius during the Younger Dryas in central Iberia despite the two species currently having disjunct distributions. We discuss whether selection favoured S. granarius with an introgressed mitochondrial genome. Our data also suggest recent hybridization and introgression between S. coronatus and S. granarius and between S. araneus and S. coronatus.
Placental Location in Women Experienced Cesarean Section using Ultrasonography: A Case-Control Study on Sudanese Women
Authors: Tawfig Aisha , Gareeballah Awadia , Adam Mohammed , Gameraddin Moawia , Alsharif Walaa , Mohammed Naglaa Alsir , Wagealla Awadalla , Elzaki Maisa
Published: October 2022

The objective of this study was to assess the placental location in women with a previous cesarean section (CS) using ultrasonography and the impact of cesarean section (CS) on placenta location. Methods and Results: This case-control study included 205 pregnant women with normal singleton pregnancies (83 women with previous CS [case group] and 122 without previous CS [control group]). The study was conducted at three general hospitals in Khartoum State from August to November 2019. The women were investigated using a Mindary ultrasound machine DP_2200 equipped with 3.5MHz transducers. The anterior placenta location was more prevalent than others: 43.3% and 45.9% for cases and control, respectively. The incidence of placenta previa (PP) and the low-lying placenta (LLP) was 1.2% and 3.6%, respectively, in the case group, and 0.0 and 0.8%, respectively, in the control group. Women with a previous CS were at high risk of the LLP and PP (OR=6.12). Conclusion: Our study concluded that the most common sites of the placenta in women with a previous CS were anterior and posterior locations. The study also concluded that women with a previous history of CS are at high risk for LLP and PP.
Resonant Actualization of Cultural Codes as a Determinant of Mental and Social Transformations (Part 1)
Authors: Kruglov Alexander , Kruglov Andrey
Published: October 2022

The unification of cultural codes forms the basic set of code symbols (image+sense), which are the basis for recognition, orientation, social cooperation, and response to external appeals. The result of unification is a stable system of deterministic goal-setting and behavioral equivalents. Cultural codes, as a derivative of upbringing, education, and cultural landscape, are the result of spatiotemporal transformation (from fields of reception to displacement from consciousness and compression) of organized information constructs - "dominants" encoded in the form of electro/magnetic patterns. "Dominant" in this message is a generalized definition of organized, hierarchical constructs (packages) of information carriers, forced out of the conscious levels of the psyche and continuing to circulate in closed, reverberant neural circuits. The "dominants" forced out of consciousness circulate through recurrent neural circuits, the activity of which is reduced to several stable states, performing the functions of information retention. The electrical and magnetic parameters of the repressed "dominants" are the basic potential of frequency resonance upon presentation of a perceptual/cognitive construct that is close in frequency parameters - a "code key" at the entrance to the psyche system. The basic principle of information exchange is the formation of the initial resonance potential: the arsenal of "dominants," the concentration of information in frequency electro-magnetic patterns. The interaction of the "information universe" with the arsenal of "dominants" is a resonant process of frequency coincidence of the patterns of the "code key" and the "dominant" displaced from consciousness, which results in actualization, the appearance of an object of resonance in the field of voluntary attention, in consciousness. The updated "dominant," as a "resonant operator," determines the dynamics of the system as a whole for the period of relevance. The phase transition in the socio/cultural environment is the result of changes in the hidden meanings of social frames. The dynamics of the perception of the transformation of frames under changing (appearing new) hidden meanings ["habituation">"acceptability">"acceptability”] determines the growth of the frustration potential associated with acquired needs. The transformation of basic cultural codes rebuilds the mechanism of reproduction of the ethnocultural matrix and congruent social structures.
The Role of Oxidative Stress and Changes in the Composition of the Gut Microbiota in the Genesis of Adolescent Obesity
Authors: Darenskaya Marina , Rychkova Lyubov , Semenova Natalya , Belkova Natalya , Kolesnikova Lyubov
Published: October 2022

Studying the pathogenetic mechanisms in the formation and development of obesity in adolescence is essential due to its high prevalence. Obesity was found to be associated with chronic inflammation in adipose tissue, dyslipidemia, the development of oxidative stress (OS), microbiota composition disorder, and other factors. A consequence of the OS progression is the accumulation in the body of cytotoxic compounds, including endogenous aldehydes, acting as mediators of damage and provoking characteristic shifts in metabolism. Gut microbiota contributes significantly to the development of metabolic disorders and obesity by modeling the cascade of enzymatic reactions of the macroorganism, interacting with receptors directly and/or with its metabolites and signaling molecules. In this context, it may be relevant to investigate the significance of the interaction of these systems to substantiate personalized approaches to the prevention and treatment of adolescent obesity.
Predictors of Ophthalmic Manifestations in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Karpova Daria , Ponomareva Maria , Petrov Ivan , Klyashev Sergey , Klyasheva Yulia , Luntovskaya Polina
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study was to conduct a clinical and statistical analysis of ophthalmological manifestations in patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) using biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) as a basic therapy. The study included 58 patients (19[32.7%] women and 39[67.3%] men) with AS receiving bDMARDs. The median age of patients was 41.81(25;60) years. The average age of the disease onset was 25.23(9;47) years. The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 included 24 patients with ophthalmic manifestations; Group 2 included 34 patients without ophthalmic manifestations. All patients in Group 1 took TNF-α inhibitors, (infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab, etarnacept, and cetrolizumab-pegol). In Group 2, TNF-α inhibitors (infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab, etarnacept) were received by 32(92.4%) patients and interleukin-17 inhibitor (secukinumab) by 2(5.8%) patients. Group 1 was characterized by a greater age and average duration of the disease, as well as the presence of metabolic instability (blood glucose and creatinine levels in the borderline range). The effectiveness of bDMARD in AS is characterized by the normalization and stabilization of clinical and biochemical parameters, including blood cholesterol and creatinine levels, which prevents the occurrence of vascular lesions, including uveitis.
Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus contamination on food and hands of food handlers at Food Management Sites (TPM) Ulee Lheue Seaport
Authors: Nurliana Nurliana , Raudhah Raudhah , Ferasyi Teuku Reza , Sugito Sugito , Darmawi Darmawi , Sari Wahyu Eka
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine the presence of Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in rendang meat, fried chicken, fried fish, and omelets, as well as in the hands of food handlers in the Food Management Place (TPM). Ulee Lheue Sea Port by using laboratory tests. The study used five samples of food and five samples of food handlers' hands taken from the Food Management Place (TPM) of Ulee Lheue Seaport. Bacterial analysis on food samples in the laboratory using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method. Meanwhile, the Replicate Organism Direct Agar Contact (RODAC) method was used to examine food handlers' hands. Laboratory tests resulted from five food samples and five food handlers' hand samples that Salmonella sp. was found in omelets, and Staphylococcus aureus was found in beef rendang, fried chicken, fried fish, omelets, and hand samples of food handlers. It is necessary to conduct hygiene and environmental sanitation counseling at TPM around Port of Ulee Lheue.
Machine Learning for Prediction of CO2 Minimum Miscibility Pressure
Authors: Shakeel Muzammil , Khan Mohammad Rasheed , Kalam Shams , Khan Rizwan Ahmed , Patil Shirish
Published: October 2022

Minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) is defined as the minimum pressure at which the CO2 is dissolved in the oil phase inside the reservoir. Minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) plays a critical role in the CO2 injection process during miscible CO2 flooding. Experimentally, MMP is determined by slim-tube experiments, rising bubble method etc. However, experimental analysis is time consuming and can have high associated cost.

Therefore, application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques can assist in predicting the MMP based on the available input data. This will save significant time and efforts and predicted the MMP results faster and convenient way. Some authors have worked with AI tools to predict MMP, but the model proposed in this paper has a relatively lower error. Thus, the proposed model in this study is an improved model for the prediction of MMP for miscible CO2 flooding applications.

A detailed optimization was carried out in this study for both ANN and ANFIS predictive tools. Single hidden layer with 12 neurons and ‘trainlm’ as training algorithm was found out after ANN optimization, whereas subtractive clustering with cluster radius of 0.3 was the optimum scenario for ANFIS technique. ANN prediction was overall better than ANFIS technique for the prediction of CO2 MMP.
Sustainable and Responsible Exploration and Production Operations Through Sustainable Risk Assessment Register and Matrix – A Suggestion for the Industry
Authors: Teaga Rajan Santa Kumar , Nik Khansani Nik Zarina Suryana , Kueh Jing Zhi
Published: October 2022

Carbon emissions due to oil and gas exploration and production activities remains significant.

In general, the industry widely continues its conventional operations, while it slowly navigates its way through energy transition towards net zero carbon emissions.

This paper presents a suggestion on the importance of incorporating a sustainable risk assessment register and matrix in all current operations planning to address carbon footprint before the industry fully transitions itself into a net zero modest of operandi.

Due to the growing demand in considering socially responsible criteria's in managing day-to-day oil and gas business through the principals of Environment, Social and Corporate Governance (ESG), carbon emissions are the key focus area in this implementation of a sustainable risk assessment register and matrix for the oil & gas industry. The five different risk assessment categories which oil and gas companies should consider when addressing carbon emissions through a dedicated sustainable risk assessments register and matrix for each operational activity are classified as: qualitative, quantitative, generic, site-specific and dynamic risk assessments.

Actual quantification of expected carbon emissions which is not commonly in practice [CM1]now becomes utmost important as an input to define mitigating actions, working towards carbon capture and/or eliminating carbon emissions. Creative problem solving such as through the adaptation of new technologies, process improvement and revamping well unloading program to reduce carbon emissions [CM2]through a sustainable risk assessment register and matrix, will allow the industry to demonstrate actual data and efforts in addressing climate change issues as the industry transitions to net zero carbon. The Reservoir, Wells and Facility Management (RWFM) organization becomes crucial to pull together and facilitate different stakeholders’ involvement throughout the lifecycle of a project to ensure every aspect of the project planning takes into consideration risks exclusively associated to carbon emission and work towards minimizing or eliminating them.

The development of this sustainable risk assessment register and matrix will contribute to social implications by acting as a reference point for all oil and gas operators and service providers in the world to produce sustainably and responsibly at the current moment while the industry makes a shift to net zero emission. This initiative will also provide an opportunity for the oil and gas industry through the collaboration of RWFM to work in accordance and embrace Sustainable Development Goal 7 and Goal 13 (SDG 7 and SDG 13) of the United Nations.
Multimaterial Multiphysics Modelling Coupled with Post-Fracturing Production Flow Simulations: Revamping Hydraulic Fracturing Design Strategy
Authors: Khan Abdul Muqtadir , Isaev Vadim , Belyakova Ludmila
Published: October 2022

With the aid of a multiphysics simulator, we recently presented a novel utilization of a degradable fluid loss additive (DFLA) as a fracture geometry additive to reduce the pad volume while achieving the same geometry. Here we extend the advanced slurry flow modeling with production simulation to propose the optimum design strategy for fracturing, which may challenge current treatment design conventions.

A novel workflow was developed with four coupled working blocks of laboratory, slurry flow modeling, production analysis, and machine learning. High-fidelity simulations were conducted with planar 3D geomechanics coupled with high-resolution material transport. Materials presence was defined in each grid cell as the mixture of proppant, polymer, and fluid loss additive (FLA) with given volume fractions. Fracture conductivity distribution was calculated using laboratory correlations for fracture damage of each material combination. The results were then transferred to a fracture productivity calculator to analyze the impact of polymer and FLA on post-fracturing productivity index (PI).

First, a regression model was built with 32 multiphysics model outputs to create an equivalency for pad volume with and without FLA, which varied from 42% to 57% for different leakoff scenarios. Second, the laboratory results showed a logarithmic dependence of proppant pack conductivity on the FLA mass with almost 80% loss at an FLA/proppant ratio of 0.01. Consequently, three pump schedule categories of baseline (no FLA), FLA, and DFLA were used with multiple treatment sizes based on common field experience in each category. Pad volume design was based on the regression results, and the conductivity calculations were based on experiments. It was observed that for a smaller treatment size, lower FLA mass is required, and the loss of conductivity was negligible; hence, excess polymer caused 15% lower PI only. For larger treatments covering net pay thicknesses, the FLA and polymer damage together can decrease production up to 50%, and hence DFLA is the optimum option showing the maximum production potential. Additionally, we investigated the effect of real field ranges of reservoir permeability, reservoir pressure, and flowing bottomhole pressure for each of the above designs to present a flowchart specific to the reservoir conditions.

The new digital framework proposes solutions to the limitations of current methodology. The multiphysics fracture and productivity calculator reveals the underutilized potential of degradable chemistry in fracturing treatments with minimal investment. We demonstrate that computationally coupled models enable swift, accurate, and engineered decision-making for optimum asset development.
Single Run Plug and Abandonment Cementing Operation Across Multiple Casings
Authors: Anggarawinata Rama , Yeo Chun Kiat , Thien Hung Jie , Teo Choon Hoong , Bargewell Brian
Published: October 2022

One objective of well abandonment is to help prevent pollution to the environment from residual fluids left in the well post caprock restoration. These fluids may have been present in the annuli when well construction was commenced. They are normally removed when the casing(s) is retrieved from the well and capped with an environmental cement plug, or more recently, via perforating the casing(s) and circulating out the annuli contents prior to setting the environmental cement plug.

Gaining access to the annuli is achieved via tubing conveyed perforation (TCP) guns and the charges are designed to penetrate the targeted casing(s) with sufficient entry hole diameter (EHD) without causing damage to the casing beyond. Fluid is then circulated into the annuli via the perforations with returns taken through the wellhead side outlet valves (SOVs). Cement is subsequently circulated into the annuli and a wellbore cement plug is placed above the cement retainer thereafter to form an environmental plug.

This approach requires two trips, the first where the mechanical setting tool, cement retainer with TCP guns attached below is run into the well to perforate the casings and perform the cement circulation. The second trip is with a cement stinger to place a wellbore plug above the cement retainer after the Mechanical Setting Tool (MST) has been retrieved. The retrieval of the MST is required as the MST outside diameter (OD) is almost equal to the inside diameter (ID) of casing. This can cause cement swabbing and contamination if pulled through the cement plug after the placement.

In this case, an alternative Bottomhole Assembly (BHA) was explored where the entire operation can be performed in a single trip. This involved the use of a hydraulically set cement retainer that comes with a slick tubing for placing the cement plug once the running tool is removed from the cement retainer. The cement slurry design was tailored to allow for additional thickening time to compensate for the single trip run.

A successful trial was performed in Brunei's operations in the 3rd quarter of 2021, where the cement was placed immediately above the cement retainer after annuli fluids removal and cement circulation in the B and C annuli after perforations were completed.

A single trip system with revised cement slurry design has also been trialed successfully to enable removal of residual fluids and cementing of the annuli and a wellbore cement plug to be placed in a single trip. This reduces HSE exposure to the crew and achieved significant time and cost savings.
Compressor Dry Gas Seal Failure Mitigation for Reliable Gas Injection System at Banyu Urip Field
Authors: Huang Novendi Stefanus , Putra Yoga Hutomo
Published: October 2022

The gas injection system at Banyu Urip oil production facility in Indonesia consists of two compressor trains. Each train comprises one LP and one HP centrifugal compressor with a gas dehydration system in between. In 2020, one dehydration system experienced fouling and subsequently increased the gas moisture content. The condition initiated corrosion product formation flowing to both the LP and HP compressors of the particular train and subsequently damaged the compressor Dry Gas Seal (DGS) system.

The paper will be focusing on the investigation of two dry gas seal failure cases due to contaminated process gas by corrosion product. The corrosion product blocked the seal gas strainer of HP compressor and caused reverse flow across the labyrinths seal, exposing the dry gas seal to dirty gas. Additionally, as the process gas coming into the LP compressor has not been dehydrated, field inspections revealed the second failure case that the process gas condensation caused accumulation of the fine debris at the orifice plate of the seal gas leakage line.

Various improvements and dry gas seal system modifications were carried out to cope with the dry gas seal failures, such as the installation of duplex seal gas strainer to allow strainer replacement without shutting down the compressor. Furthermore, the Electrical Heat Tracing (EHT) installation at the seal orifice plate also successfully prevented the process gas condensation. Upon implementation of the strategies, the Banyu Urip facility successfully managed to improve the reliability of the gas injection system despite fouling gas dehydration unit.
Water Injection Pressure Management in a Deepwater Subsea Development: A Case Study from the Sangomar Field Development
Authors: Jagtenberg Pieter , Brown Zach
Published: October 2022

The Sangomar Field (formerly known as the SNE Field), containing both oil and gas, is located 100 kilometres south of Dakar and is Senegal’s first offshore oil development. The deep-water field comprises a series of multi-stacked reservoir units. Treated and filtered seawater will be injected into the primary oil reservoirs to provide pressure maintenance and sweep to maximise production and recovery. The injection water treatment system is designed to safeguard well injectivity and support long term injection under matrix conditions. The window between initial reservoir pressure and fracture pressure is relatively narrow. On one hand, to eliminate any risk of out of zone losses, injection pressures should be capped at relatively low values. On the other hand, dynamic reservoir simulation results indicate a clear positive correlation between injection pressure and production and recovery, highlighting the benefits of higher injection pressures. To address these challenges, an integrated system for injection pressure management has been developed.

Using clearly articulated fracturing concepts, such as slip re-activation of natural fractures, fracture re-opening of existing fractures and initiation of new fractures, all injector wells can be categorised according to their respective probability, reversibility and consequence of out of zone injection. This framework is then used to guide the process of managing respective injection pressure limits.

To complement this process, a subsea control system has been designed in-house to safely maximise injection pressures for each well independently. While ‘steady-state’ injection pressure limits are set to avoid unintentional fracturing of the bounding shales between the reservoir units, the dynamic aspect of the control system enables the poro-elastic effects to be exploited to maximise injection pressures without initiating fracturing in the sandstone.

This case study presents an original proactive approach to managing injection pressures that is significantly more nuanced than the bookends of matrix and fractured injection. The problems and solutions described in this paper required a truly multidisciplinary effort. The result is a comprehensive, and possibly unique, operational strategy combined with a novel pressure control system that is expected to maximise the value from waterflooding in Sangomar.
Safety Recovery Around Failed Tree Seals in an Offshore Gas Well
Authors: Tyagi Vipin , Bates Nick , Gurmin Ian
Published: October 2022

Safe production from oil and gas wells always entails a two-barrier policy. In the well of interest, the primary barrier was breached while the secondary barrier was holding, and well fluids were observed in one of the tree ports during routine maintenance operations. The well was quickly made safe by closing a primary barrier, the downhole surface-controlled subsea safety valve (SCSSSV), and installation of a secondary barrier in the form of plugs downhole. To bring production back, the root cause was investigated, and it was determined that the straight-bore metal-to-metal seal, which seals the tubing at the interface of the tree and the tubing hanger, was compromised.

After a successful installation of a new seal, pressure integrity could not still be ensured as it was further determined that there was pitting corrosion, observed on the tubing hanger, which did not allow the seal to successfully seal the pressure across the tubing hanger neck. Restoration of the well would depend on the repair of the tubing hanger, which would have required a complete workover, an approach that was deemed prohibitively expensive.

A novel approach was implemented to machine out an additional groove on the tree body to provide an additional elastomer seal as a secondary barrier as opposed to the traditional metal-to-metal seal. This paper demonstrates the approach and successful restoration of the safety and well production. The approach can be widely utilized in establishing safety barriers in similar situations.
Convergent genomics of longevity in Rockfishes highlights the genetics of human lifespan variation
Authors: Treaster Stephen , Deelen Joris , Daane Jacob , Murabito Joanne , Karasik David , Harris Matthew
Published: October 2022

Longevity is a defining, heritable trait that varies dramatically between species. To resolve the genetic regulation of this trait, we have mined genomic variation in rockfishes, which range in longevity from 11 to over 205 years. Multiple shifts in rockfish longevity have occurred independently, and in a short evolutionary time frame, thus empowering convergence analyses. Our analyses reveal a common network of genes under convergent evolution, encompassing established aging regulators such as insulin-signaling, yet also identify flavonoid (aryl-hydrocarbon) metabolism as a novel pathway modulating longevity. The selective pressures on these pathways indicate the ancestral state of rockfishes was long-lived, and that the changes in short-lived lineages are adaptive. Further, these pathways were used to explore GWAS of human longevity, identifying the aryl-hydrocarbon metabolism pathway to be significantly associated with human survival to the 99th percentile. This evolutionary intersection defines and cross-validates a novel, conserved genetic architecture that associates with the evolution of longevity across vertebrates.
Generating Synthetic Mixed-type Longitudinal Electronic Health Records for Artificial Intelligent Applications
Authors: Zhu Tingting , Li Jin , Cairns Benjamin , Li Jingsong
Published: October 2022

The recent availability of electronic health records (EHRs) have provided enormous opportunities to develop artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. However, patient privacy has become a major concern that limits data sharing across hospital settings and subsequently hinders the advances in AI. Synthetic data, which benefits from the development and proliferation of generative models, has served as a promising substitute for real patient EHR data. However, the current generative models are limited as they only generate single type of clinical data for a synthetic patient, i.e., either continuous-valued or discrete-valued. In this paper, we propose a generative adversarial network (GAN) entitled EHR-M-GAN which simultaneously synthesizes mixed-type timeseries EHR data. EHR-M-GAN is capable of capturing the multidimensional, heterogeneous, and correlated temporal dynamics in patient trajectories. We have validated EHR-M-GAN on three publicly-available intensive care unit databases with records from a total of 141,488 unique patients, and performed privacy risk evaluation of the proposed model. EHR-M-GAN has demonstrated its superiority over state-of-the-art benchmarks for synthesizing clinical timeseries with high fidelity, while addressing the limitations regarding data types and dimensionality in the current generative models. Notably, prediction models for outcomes of intensive care performed significantly better when training data was augmented with the addition of EHR-M-GAN-generated timeseries. EHR-M-GAN may have use in developing AI algorithms in resource-limited settings, lowering the barrier for data acquisition while preserving patient privacy.
Abortitristoside A and desrhamnosylverbanscoside: The potential COX-2 inhibitor from the leaves of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis as Anti-inflammatory agents based on the in-vitro assay, molecular docking and ADMET prediction
Authors: Vishwakarma Rahul Kumar , Negi Aaysha , Negi Devendra Singh
Published: October 2022

The plant Nyctanthes arbor-tristis belongs to the genus Nyctanthes (Oleaceae family) which is used is in the treatment of many diseases like diabetes, cancer, inflammation, intestinal problem and tuberculosis in many countries of Asia. In this analysis, we have investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of various extracts of leaves of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis by the in-vitro method as the cyclooxygenase inhibitory potential. The reported phytochemical constituent of the plant was in-silico screened to find the cyclooxygenase inhibitory potential by molecular docking method. The molecular docking study of pre-isolated phytochemicals from the leaves of plants shows that compounds possess a great inhibition potential against COX-1 and COX-2 therefore, an in-vitro comparative study is required to conclude the selective and potential COX-2 inhibitor for the development of new anti-inflammatory drug without causing any gastrointestinal ulcer. Here we deliver a new strategy to design selective COX-2 inhibitor from the plant origin natural compound by using molecular docking technique and in-vitro screening of plant extract. In the other part of the paper abortitristoside A (1) and abortitristoside B (2) were isolated from the leaves part of the plant. The isolated compound possesses good activity against COX-2 and COX-1 (IC50 value 4.51–4.55 ug/ml against COX-2) which is also established by structure-activity relationship analysis.
Assessment of Flicker Emission in a Grid Connected Wind Farms
Authors: T MAGESH
Published: October 2022

Wind farms in Tamil Nadu's Coimbatore district have identified several issues, including flickering emissions, frequent generator tripping, and power evacuation issues caused by a weak grid. Taking into consideration the scarcity of research on flickering emissions, this work focuses on the causes of short-term flicker severity (Pst) in wind farms that export generated power to industrial loads. To identify the scenarios that cause flickering, simulation models of Fixed Speed Wind Farm (FSWF) and Variable Speed Wind Farm (VSWF) with controllers were developed using DIgSILENT power factory software. The flicker emissions were measured at the wind farm substations using Fluke and Dranetz PX5.8 power quality analyzers in accordance with the IEC 61400-21 standard. To validate the simulation model, the results from the flickermeter during the simulation and the field measurements were compared. According to the results of this research, both fixed and variable speeds produce flicker emissions that exceed the IEC standard limit, that causes the power electronics-based industrial drives to fail to operate. The controllers were developed to improve the performance of wind farms that will benefit the current and future wind energy-efficient conversion systems (WECS).
Suprachoroidal Triamcinolone Acetonide for the treatment of Macular Edema Associated with Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ali Boushra M. , Azmeh Arwa M. , Alhalabi Nawras M.
Published: October 2022

Background: Intravitreal administration of therapeutic agents for the management of Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) associated Macular Edema (ME) is still hindered by adverse events. Delivery of therapeutics into the Suprachoroidal space provides a novel promising approach. we aim to study the efficacy and safety of suprachoroidal injection of Triamcinolone Acetonide (TA) using a microinjector as a mono-treatment of ME due to RVO.
Methods: This trial included 16 eyes of 16 patients with RVO associated ME presenting to the department of ophthalmology, Al Mouwasat university hospital, Syria. 4 mg of preserved TA was injected suprachoroidally 4 mm away from the inferotemporal limbus using a patient-customized microinjector. After injection, patients were followed after 1 week then monthly for 3 months.
Primary outcome measures included the percentage of participants with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) gain≥ 15 letters and increased intraocular pressure (IOP)≥ 20 mmHg in months 1,2, and 3, secondary measures included mean change from baseline BCVA, central subfield thickness (CST), and IOP through each of the follow-up points in addition to other measures.
Results: After injection, BCVA gain≥15 letters occurred in 68.7%, 62.5%, 50%, 50% of patients at week 1 and through months 1,2 and 3 respectively, the mean BCVA improved significantly by 16.4, 16, 14.4, and 11.9 letters (p-value<0.0005) at week 1 and months 1,2 and 3 respectively. This visual gain was associated with significant reduction of CST by 290.94±181.76 (week-1) (p-value<0.0005), 274.31±184.60 (month-1) (p-value<0.0005), 183.50±165.61 (month-2) (p-value=0.006) and 137,75±156.25 microns (month-3) (p-value=0.038). We reported one case of increased IOP ≥ 20 mmHg in the first month that decreased in the second month. The mean change of IOP readings was not statistically significant, with an increase ranging from 0.75 mmHg after the first week (p-value=0.09) and 0.5 mmHg after 3 months (p-value=0.72).
Conclusion: This study suggests that suprachoroidal TA could be well tolerated and efficacious as a mono-treatment of RVO associated ME. Future clinical trials are required to confirm its longer-term safety and efficacy and to compare this efficacy with the other therapeutic options.
Trial registration: This study was retrospectively registered at clinicaltrials.gov (ID: NCT05038072) on 08/09/2021.
This article was published as preprint on 22/06/2022. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1701105/v1
Network Balance Scaling Improves Performance and Explainability of Machine Learning Models in Early Drug Discovery
Authors: Hönig Sophia , Bolick Wolf-Guido , Kuhn Daniel , Friedrich Lukas , Ehmki Emanuel , Fuchß Thomas , Leuthner Birgitta , Rippmann Friedrich , Rarey Matthias
Published: October 2022

Explainable and accurate predictions of bioactivity values are indispensable to accelerate drug design and reduce attrition during drug development. To enhance the accuracy of predictions, a new algorithmic approach was designed, which unites the advantages of matched molecular series and supervised machine learning (ML) techniques. This approach named Network Balance Scaling (NBS) employs convex optimization on matched molecular series networks enriched with ML data. By applying NBS, the performance of supervised ML methods can be improved, and predictions can be rationalized following the network of similar compounds.
The approach was validated on the freely available MoleculeNet benchmark with respective ML models as well as on real-world targets and corresponding ML models provided by Merck KGaA. In all cases, when combining NBS with supervised ML models, we observe a substantial improvement in the different activity and physicochemical data sets and bioactivity-related application scenarios. The open-source code of NBS can be found freely available at https://github.com/rareylab/NetworkBalanceScaling.