bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Will Extension Contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals? A Global Strategy and Operational Plan
Authors: Davis Kristin
Published: February 2019

Extension remains a critical institution for supporting rural livelihoods and the Sustainable
Development Goals. The Global Forum for Rural Advisory Services (GFRAS) recently launched
a ten-year strategic framework and five-year operational plan, both aligned to the Sustainable
Development Goals. The strategy was developed using a series of online and face-to-face
consultations within the Forum, with expert feedback at various stages. Using both an
agricultural innovation systems and a capacity development framework, the strategy outlines
strategic fields of action at three levels – individual, organizational, and system. The strategic
fields of action include advocacy and support for increased investment in extension;
professionalization; and knowledge generation and exchange. Activities in each strategic field
will strengthen capacities at the three levels. For each strategic field, there are expected highlevel strategic outcomes (changes in behavior) to which GFRAS will contribute. The strategy is
accompanied by a five-year operational plan, which guides the GFRAS community on how to
implement the strategic framework. Though these documents, GFRAS can effectively support the
international extension community to contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals.
Factors Influencing Self-Efficacy and Adoption of ICT Dissemination Tools by New Extension Officers
Authors: Ganpat Wayne G. , Ramjattan Jeet , Strong Robert
Published: February 2019

Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) offer Extension systems opportunities to
expand participation and provide information faster to stakeholders. The study included fiftyseven new extension officers drawn from the public, private and state assisted extension
organizations in Trinidad. Participants were surveyed to assess their level of confidence in the
use of ICTs and the factors that impacted their use of these dissemination tools. The survey,
which was conducted during March to May 2015 on the mandatory office days of the agents,
consisted of five sections which captured socio demographic variables, performance expectancy,
effort expectancy, social influence and self-efficacy in the use of ICTs. Percentages and means
were used to describe the data set and multiple regression analysis was used to explore
relationships with ICT use. Results showed that: use of ICTs was moderate; the professional
level of officers, their education level, perceptions of ICTs as useful and easy to use and social
influence significantly impacted their use of ICTs in their job functions. There are implications
for the provision of quality and timely delivery of information to clients. It is recommended that
the entry level requirements for new officers should be raised by employers, in-service training
in ICTs and other modern communication methods and tools be provided to those already in the
system, and the curricula at the main tertiary training institution be reviewed to include ICTs for
extension work.
Is water vapor a key player of the wintertime haze in North China Plain?
Authors: Wu Jiarui , Bei Naifang , Hu Bo , Liu Suixin , Zhou Meng , Wang Qiyuan , Li Xia , Liu Lang , Feng Tian , Liu Zirui , Wang Yichen , Cao Junji , Tie Xuexi , Wang Jun , Molina Luisa T. , Li Guohui
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Water vapor has been proposed to amplify the severe haze pollution in China by enhancing the aerosol-radiation feedback (ARF). Observations have revealed that the near-surface PM2.5 concentrations ([PM2.5]) generally exhibits an increasing trend with relative humidity (RH) in North China Plain (NCP) during 2015 wintertime, indicating that the aerosol liquid water (ALW) caused by hygroscopic growth could play an important role in the PM2.5 formation and accumulation. Simulations during a persistent and heavy haze pollution episode from 05 December 2015 to 04 January 2016 in NCP were conducted using the WRF-CHEM model to comprehensively quantify contributions of the ALW effect to near-surface [PM2.5]. The WRF-CHEM model generally performs reasonably well in simulating the temporal variations of RH against measurements in NCP. The factor separation approach (FSA) was used to evaluate the contribution of the ALW effect on the ARF, photochemistry, and heterogeneous reactions to [PM2.5]. The ALW not only augments particle sizes to enhance aerosol backward scattering, but also increases the effective radius to favor aerosol forward scattering. The contribution of the ALW effect on the ARF and photochemistry to near [PM2.5] is not significant, generally within 1.0 μg m−3 on average in NCP during the episode. Serving as an excellent substrate for heterogeneous reactions, the ALW substantially enhances the secondary aerosol (SA) formation, with an average contribution of 71 %, 10 %, 26 %, and 48 % to near-surface sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, and secondary organic aerosol concentrations. Nevertheless, the SA enhancement due to the ALW decreases the aerosol optical depth and increases the effective radius to weaken the ARF, reducing near-surface primary aerosols. The contribution of the ALW total effect to near-surface [PM2.5] is 17.5 % on average, which is overwhelmingly dominated by enhanced SA. Model sensitivities also show that when the RH is less than 80 %, the ALW progressively increases near-surface [PM2.5], but commences to decrease when the RH exceeding 80% due to the high occurrence frequencies of precipitation.
Variability of Bulk Water Vapor Content in the Marine Cloudy
Boundary Layers from Microwave and Near-Infrared Imagery
Authors: Millán Luis F. , Lebsock Matthew D. , Teixeira Joao
Published: February 2019

Abstract. This work uses the synergy of collocated microwave radiometry and near-infrared imagery to study the marine boundary layer water vapor. The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR) provides the total column water vapor, while the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) near-infrared imagery provides the water vapor above the cloud layers. The difference between the two gives the vapor between the surface and the cloud top, which may be interpreted as the boundary layer water vapor under certain conditions. As a by product of this algorithm, we also store cloud top information of the MODIS pixels used, a proxy for the inversion height, as well as the sea surface temperature and total column water vapor from the AMSR measurements. Hence, the AMSR-MODIS dataset provides several of the variables associated with the boundary layer thermodynamic structure. Comparisons against radiosondes, and GPS-Radio Occultation data demonstrate the robustness of these boundary layer water vapor estimates. We explore the annual cycle of the number of observations as a proxy for stratus cloud amount, in well known stratus regions; we then exploit the 16 years of AMSR-MODIS synergy to study for the first time the annual variations of the boundary layer water vapor in comparison to the sea surface temperature and the boundary layer cloud top height (equivalent to the inversion height) climatologies, and lastly, we explore the climatological behavior of these variables on stratocumulus-to-cumulus transitions.
Response of low to mid latitude ionosphere to the Geomagnetic
storm of September 2017
Authors: Imtiaz Nadia , Younas Waqar , Khan Majid
Published: February 2019

Abstract. We study the impact of geomagnetic storm of September 6–9, 2017 on the low-to-mid latitude ionosphere. The prominent feature of this solar event is the sequential occurrence of the two Dst minima of maximum negative values −148 nT and −122 nT on September 8 at 2 UT and 15 UT, respectively. The study is based on analyzing the data from GPS stations and the magnetometer observatories located at different longitudinal sectors such as Asia, Africa and America. The GPS data is used to derive the global, regional and vertical total electron content (TEC) in the selected regions. The data of the magnetic observatories is used to illustrate the variation in the magnetic field particularly, the horizontal component of the magnetic field. It is observed that the storm time response of the TEC over the pre-noon sector (Asia) is earlier than Africa and America. The global thermospheric composition maps by Global Ultraviolet Imager exhibits a storm time variation in the O/N2 ratio. The positive storm effects in the vertical TEC and in the O/N2 ratio occur in the low latitudes/ equatorial regions.
Millennium-length precipitation Reconstruction over South-eastern Asia: a
Pseudo-Proxy Approach
Authors: Talento Stefanie , Schneider Lea , Werner Johannes , Luterbacher Jürg
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Quantifying hydroclimate variability beyond the instrumental period is essential for putting current and future fluctuations into long-term perspective and to provide a test-bed for evaluating climate simulations. For South-earstern Asia such quantifications are scarce and millennium-long attempts are still missing. In this study we take a pseudo-proxy approach to evaluate the potential for generating summer precipitation reconstructions over South-eastern Asia during the past millennium. The ability of a series of novel Bayesian approaches to generate reconstructions at either annual or decadal resolutions and under diverse scenarios of pseudo-proxy records' noise is analysed and compared to the classic Analogue Method. We find that for all the algorithms and resolutions a high-density of pseudo-proxy information is a necessary but not sufficient condition for a successful reconstruction. Among the selected algorithms, the Bayesian techniques perform generally better than the Analogue Method, being the difference in abilities highest over the semi-arid areas and in the decadal-resolution framework. The superiority of the Bayesian schemes indicates that directly modelling the space and time precipitation field variability encapsulates more relevant value than just relying in similarities within a restricted pool of observational analogues, in which certain hydroclimatic regimes might be absent. Using a pseudo-proxy network with locations and noise-levels similar to the ones found in the real world, we conclude that performing a millennium-long precipitation reconstruction over South-eastern Asia is feasible as the Bayesian schemes provide skilful results over most of the target area.
The Geodynamic World Builder: a solution for complex initial conditions in numerical modelling
Authors: Fraters Menno , Thieulot Cedric , van den Berg Arie , Spakman Wim
Published: February 2019

Abstract. TheGeodynamic World Builder is an open source code library intended to set up initial conditions for computational geodynamic models in both Cartesian and Spherical geometries. The inputs for the JSON-style parameter file are not mathematical, but rather a structured nested list describing tectonic features, e.g. a continental, an oceanic or a subducting plate. Each of these tectonic features can be assigned a specific temperature profile (e.g. plate model) or composition label (e.g. uniform). For each point in space, the Geodynamic World Builder can return the composition and/or temperature. It is written in C++, but can be used in almost any language through its C and Fortran wrappers. Various examples of 2D and 3D subduction settings are presented. The World builder comes with an extensive online User Manual.
Deformation mechanisms in mafic amphibolites and granulites:
record from the Semail metamorphic sole during subduction infancy
Authors: Soret Mathieu , Agard Philippe , Ildefonse Benoît , Dubacq Benoît , Prigent Cécile , Rosenberg Claudio
Published: February 2019

Abstract. This study sheds light on the deformation mechanisms of subducted mafic rocks metamorphosed at amphibolite and granulite facies conditions, and on their importance for strain accommodation and localization at the top of the slab during subduction infancy. These rocks, namely metamorphic soles, are oceanic slivers stripped from the downgoing slab and plastered below the upper plate mantle wedge during the first million years of intra-oceanic subduction, when the subduction interface is still warm. Their formation and intense deformation (i.e. shear strain ≥ 5) attest to a systematic and transient coupling between the plates over a restricted time span of ~1 My and specific rheological conditions. Combining micro-structural analyses with mineral chemistry constrains grain-scale deformation mechanisms and the rheology of amphibole and amphibolites along the plate interface during early subduction dynamics, as well as the interplay between brittle and ductile deformation, water activity, mineral change, grain size reduction and phase mixing. Results indicate, in particular, that increasing pressure-temperature conditions and slab dehydration (from amphibolite to granulite facies) lead to the crystallization of mechanically strong phases (garnet, clinopyroxene and high-grade amphibole) and rock hardening. In contrast, during early exhumation and cooling (from ~850 down to ~700 °C – 0.7 GPa), the garnet-clinopyroxene-bearing amphibolite experiences pervasive retrogression (and fluid ingression) and significant strain weakening essentially accommodated by dissolution-precipitation and grain boundary sliding processes. Observations also indicate cyclic brittle deformation near peak conditions and throughout the early exhumation, which contributed to fluid channelization within the amphibolites, and possibly strain localization accompanying detachment from the slab. These mechanical transitions, coeval with detachment and early exhumation of the HT metamorphic soles, controlled mechanical coupling across the plate interface during subduction infancy, between the top of the slab and the peridotites above. Our findings may thus apply to other geodynamic environments where similar temperatures, lithologies, fluid circulation and mechanical coupling between mafic rocks and peridotites prevail, such as in mature warm subduction zones (e.g., Nankai, Cascapedia), in lower continental crust shear zones and oceanic detachments.
If I Were Not Afraid and It Was Snowing: A Choral Birth Poem
Authors: Vooris Jessica Ann
Published: February 2019

These are two poems written from combining students' answers to specific questions about birth and fear. They are choral pieces, and address the way that sexism shapes decisiosn made about women's bodies in regard to birth, travel, public spaces, relationships and more.
Pink Triangles
Authors: Hoffman Cathy , Raymond Diane
Published: February 2019

A documentary film on gay and lesbian history and experience is highly recommended for philosophy and other courses.
The Quiet American
Authors: Radner Sanford
Published: February 2019

This 1955 novel about Vietnam engaged not very politically minded students in discussions of violence, war, and intervention.
Myths of Gender: Biological Theories About Women and Men
Authors: Slapikoff Saul
Published: February 2019

Fausto-Sterling’s engaging book helps students in a course on Contemporary Biosocial Problems better understand the impact of ideology on science.
Before Stonewall: The Making of a Gay and Lesbian Community
Authors: Bravmann Scott
Published: February 2019

This book, and the related documentary film, use oral histories to present students with a varied view of lesbian and gay experience.
Reimaging America: The Arts of Social Change and The Autobiography of Malcolm X.
Authors: Watts Linda S.
Published: February 2019

In a course on literary analysis and theory, Watts asks students to create and analyze a visual work based on passages they select from Malcolm X’s Autobiography.
Bread Givers
Authors: Entin Joseph
Published: February 2019

Students come to understand this 1925 novel not just as a document of immigrant life, but as “an artifact that performs cultural work, that is engaged in – and continues to be an object of – ideological struggle.”
Open Letter to a Young Negro, A Courageous Stand, and The Eye of the Storm
Authors: Verner Lisa
Published: February 2019

An assignment in a composition class to compare two responses to racism by professional athletes works very differently a second time, when there are African American students in the class.
White Christmas and Otis: The Definitive Otis Redding
Authors: Tonkovich Andrew
Published: February 2019

Playing a recording of “White Christmas” by Bing Crosby and then another, by Otis Redding, leads to a thoughtful discussion of racism in a composition class.
Boys Don’t Cry
Authors: Barron Alexandra
Published: February 2019

In literature and in composition classes, this film, based on the true story of the murder of transgender young man, initiates important discussions of the construction of gender.
The Toughest Indian in the World
Authors: Bolt Julie
Published: February 2019

Alexie’s short story collection proves to be “a great tool for complicating the issue of identity” in an introductory literature class.
Web 2.0 and Critical Globalization Studies
Authors: Graham Mark
Published: February 2019

In an introductory human geography course, students research chains of production for consumer products and put what they’ve learned on the internet for others to see and use.
Homophobia in the Classroom: One Teacher’s Response
Authors: Peters Cynthia
Published: February 2019

A teacher rescues students from mutually reinforcing their homophobia by talking about her own sister, a lesbian, and then asking them to share family photo albums in the following class.
Ask More Questions?
Authors: Ricket Allison
Published: February 2019

A high school English teacher tries to steer a student writing a research paper in a more politically relevant direction and learns something important when her efforts backfire.
Deconstructing "Real" Love in the Classroom
Authors: Hurt Erin
Published: February 2019

This Note describes several strategies used in a seminar course on chick lit to defamiliarize for students the romantic tropes of the genre.
Black Lives Matter in Information Literacy
Authors: Pashia Angela
Published: February 2019

The institutional racism addressed by the Black Lives Matter movement is encoded in many of the structures of academia, including academic libraries. A librarian who teaches information literacy asks students to think about which voices are represented in the scholarly literature, make explicit the implicit biases of the way scholarly materials are organized in the library and research databases, and examine the way their own biases affect their evaluations of information. This article examines some of the ways racism is build into the structure of the library and describes ways of teaching students to recognize inequities in the sources they rely on for college level research.
Dear Solitary Black Student
Authors: Estevez Mychel L.
Published: February 2019

A teacher apologizes for ways she might have harmed a student in teaching about racism and sets herself guidelines for doing better.
Enseñar y aprender la coherencia textual: una propuesta didáctica a partir de la teoría de Michel Charolles
Authors: Andueza Correa Alejandra , Aguilera Meneses Natalia
Published: February 2019

Uno de los aspectos críticos del aprendizaje de la escritura es el dominio de la coherencia textual que, siguiendo a Charolles, es el principio mediante el cual interpretamos el discurso y la condición fundamental para que los textos logren su propósito comunicativo. A pesar de su importancia, la coherencia es raramente enseñada de manera explícita y sistemática en la escuela lo cual puede explicar, al menos en parte, los bajos resultados que obtienen los estudiantes en esta área. En vista de lo anterior, este artículo conceptualiza la coherencia a partir del trabajo de Charolles y sus colaboradores, y plantea una propuesta didáctica de tres fases a lo largo de las cuales los estudiantes adquieren conocimientos sobre coherencia y lo aplican en el proceso de producción textual mediante estrategias didácticas que promueven la autorregulación y el monitoreo durante las etapas de planificación, textualización y revisión de textos.
Distancia entre lenguas / culturas y transferencia lingüística / cultural: sus efectos en el proceso de adquisición del inglés como lengua extranjera
Authors: Clouet Richard
Published: February 2019

El aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera aparece mediatizado por una serie de factores en­tre los cuales destacamos la distancia existente entre la lengua y cultura origen y la lengua y cultura meta. En este artículo nuestra pretensión consiste en poner en evidencia que el éxito de la adquisición dependerá de las características del comportamiento lingüístico y cultural del aprendiz y de sus preco­nocimientos lingüísticos y culturales en los procesos asociativos. El presente estudio empírico se centra en la influencia interlingüística e intercultural de la lengua española en la adquisición del inglés como lengua extranjera. El objetivo central es determinar si la lengua y la cultura materna influyen favora­blemente o negativamente en la adquisición de la lengua extranjera. Los sujetos de este estudio son estudiantes hispanófonos del Grado en Traducción e Interpretación de la Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Los datos analizados confirman que mientras la percepción de similitudes entre lenguas y culturas puede facilitar el proceso de enseñanza / aprendizaje, la transferencia lingüística y cultural también puede ser el origen de errores incomprensibles por un hablante nativo.
El tratamiento del "Marketing" en los libros de texto de inglés para los negocios
Authors: López Zurita Paloma
Published: February 2019

La importancia del Marketing en el ámbito económico ha sufrido una fuerte evolución en las últimas décadas, expandiéndose internacionalmente a través del inglés como lingua franca. Este desarrollo debería tener una repercusión directa en la composición de los libros para la enseñanza del inglés de los negocios dirigidos a estudiantes universitarios, que cada vez más necesitan ampliar sus conocimientos en esta disciplina. Por ello, el objetivo del presente estudio es comprobar si la genera­ción de estas nuevas necesidades se ha visto reflejada en esos libros de texto en consonancia con el desarrollo del Marketing, desde la década de los 80 a la actualidad, a través del análisis de contenido de 123 ejemplares publicados en las fechas mencionadas. Los resultados muestran el grado de inclusión diacrónica de contenidos específicos de Marketing en las diferentes décadas, el tipo de tratamiento reci­bido y el nivel de los libros de texto en los que se desarrolla, así como la evolución del propio concepto Marketing en los mismos.
Estrategias para el desarrollo de la expresión escrita a través de los microrrelatos
Authors: Pérez Parejo Ramón
Published: February 2019

Los objetivos de este estudio son, de un lado, mostrar los principales debates teóricos en torno al género del microrrelato (breve historia, denominación, distinción con respecto a otros géneros, características esenciales) y, de otro, diseñar un plan de trabajo para llevar a cabo un taller literario de microrrelatos. El microrrelato presenta una cualidad que lo convierte en género idóneo para el taller literario. Nos referimos a su condición de texto breve pero acabado, completo. Por sus características genéricas, la enseñanza de los microrrelatos presenta algunos de los criterios generales de una buena actividad: reto, creatividad, imaginación, carácter lúdico, trabajo en grupo e individual, desarrollo de las cuatro destrezas comunicativas, creación de materiales auténticos, etc. Mostramos finalmente una propuesta de intervención didáctica basada en una metodología constructivista inspirada en el descu­brimiento guiado.
Evaluación del proceso de tutorización del TFM de la Facultad de Filología de la UNED con metodología de educación a distancia
Authors: Polo Cano Nuria , Senra Silva Inmaculada , Gómez Fernández Araceli
Published: February 2019

En el campo de las filologías se ha detectado una carencia significativa con respecto a la metodología de trabajo para la tutorización a distancia del Trabajo Final de Máster (TFM), que es uno de los requisitos para la obtención del título, según la normativa sobre el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior. El objetivo de este proyecto es realizar un análisis exhaustivo y a gran escala de las necesi­dades y opiniones de los profesores que participan en once másteres de la Facultad de Filología de la UNED con respecto a la tutorización y evaluación de los trabajos finales. A través de un cuestionario se recaba información de los profesores sobre su experiencia en todo el proceso: la temática de los traba­jos, la cantidad de tiempo invertido, las tareas realizadas durante la tutorización, la evaluación del TFM, la respuesta de los estudiantes, etc. Los datos indican la pertinencia de contar con directrices generales válidas para todos los másteres que agilicen el proceso de tutorización y faciliten la evaluación del TFM, de manera que el tutor vea rentabilizados el tiempo y esfuerzo invertidos. Además, los profesores reclaman mejoras institucionales y el aumento de la autonomía y el rigor académico a los estudiantes, quejas que no nos diferencian de otras universidades y otros contextos educativos.
El teatro del exilio en las aulas de Bachillerato: el tratamiento del tema de los refugiados a través de "San Juan" de Max Aub
Authors: Santos Sánchez Diego
Published: February 2019

Tras una pertinente reflexión teórica, este trabajo plantea una actividad de aula para segundo de Bachillerato en que se trabaja el tema de los refugiados sirios a partir de un texto teatral de Max Aub que versa sobre la diáspora judía contemporánea. La actividad plantea un tema pertinente y ahonda en el tratamiento de los derechos humanos, que son un tema central para todo el periodo de la educación secundaria. Al mismo tiempo, esta actividad parte de un texto teatral e incorpora dramatizaciones y debates, recursos que contribuyen a incrementar la motivación y a producir un aprendizaje más rele­vante y duradero. Por último, la elección del texto redunda en la pluralización del canon literario que se maneja en el Bachillerato.
PADRÕES CLIMATOLÓGICOS DE PRECIPITAÇÃO E TEMPERATURA DO AR ASSOCIADOS AO RENDIMENTO DO FEIJÃO COMUM EM MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Santos Luiz Fernando dos , Martins Fabrina Bolzan , Garcia Sâmia Regina
Published: February 2019

O feijão comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) apresenta grande importância nutricional na alimentação do brasileiro, além de relevante contribuição no cenário socioeconômico nacional e internacional. No estado de Minas Gerais, o segundo maior produtor nacional, o feijão pode ser cultivado em três épocas diferentes. Essas épocas podem apresentar condições climáticas distintas, sendo que, dentre essas condições, o feijão exige uma faixa de temperatura ótima e precipitação bem distribuída ao longo de seu ciclo para alcançar o seu máximo rendimento. Com isso, o objetivo desse estudo foi analisar o comportamento macroclimático das anomalias de temperatura máxima e mínima do ar (Tmáx e Tmín, respectivamente), juntamente com a distribuição, intensidade e persistência da precipitação e, assim, entender suas influências sobre o rendimento médio do feijão (RMF) em cada safra e macrorregião (MMG). A variabilidade de Tmáx e Tmín e, principalmente, as características pluviométricas em todas as MMG foram capazes de influenciar nos maiores e menores valores de RMF durante o período de estudo.
ANÁLISE DO BALANÇO HÍDRICO CLIMATOLÓGICO DECENDIAL DO PARQUE ESTADUAL DO RIO DOCE-PERD E ENTORNO: CLIMATOLOGIA DE 2005-2015 COMPARADA COM O ANO ANÔMALO 2013-2014
Authors: Antunes Denise Aparecida , Cupolillo Fulvio
Published: February 2019

A região Sudeste do Brasil possui uma grande diversidade climática, devido a sua posição geográfica, e aos múltiplos mecanismos atmosféricos que atuam em todo o país. Esses fatores causam transformação da paisagem vegetal, na infiltração de água no solo, e desta forma provocam alterações a reposição hídrica de inúmeros sistemas ecológicos. Atentando para essas informações procurou-se realizar uma analogia dos balanços hídricos climatológicos decendiais da climatologia de 2005-2015, com o ano anômalo de 2013-2014. A área de estudo concentra-se no Parque Estadual do Rio Doce-PERD, um dos últimos fragmentos de Mata Atlântica no país. Neste trabalho utilizaram-se dados de quatro estações meteorológicas automáticas, duas pertencentes ao Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia – INMET, localizadas nos municípios de Timóteo e Caratinga, e duas pertencentes ao Instituto Mineiro de Gestão das Águas – IGAM, localizadas nos municípios de Ipatinga e em Marliéria no PERD. A metodologia aplicada baseou-se no Balanço Hídrico Climatológico decendial aplicado por diversos autores para o estudo da climatologia, a fim de detectar os possíveis mecanismos atmosféricos como: veranicos climatológicos, intensidade de deficiências e excedentes hídricos, ocorridos em decêndios não previstos pela climatologia. Espera-se que este trabalho contribua para a instalação de novos equipamentos automáticos, como uma rede de estações meteorológicas e pluviômetros, de modo que particularidades sejam descobertas, nos 42 lagos tectônicos dentro do bioma Mata Atlântica, do PERD
CENÁRIOS DE MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS PROJETADOS PARA O ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Reboita Michelle Simões , Marrafon Vitor Hugo de Almeida , Llopart Marta , Rocha Rosmeri Porfírio da
Published: February 2019

O estado de Minas Gerais está inserido numa região de clima de monção, o que significa que mais da metade do total anual da precipitação ocorre entre a primavera e o outono do ano seguinte. Portanto, essa época é a mais propícia à ocorrência de eventos extremos de precipitação. Uma vez que episódios de chuva intensa ou grandes sequências de dias com chuva, ou sem, podem causar danos a vários setores da economia como, por exemplo, agrícola, energético, turístico etc., o objetivo do presente estudo é analisar projeções futuras de precipitação e temperatura do ar no estado de Minas Gerais, com base em três simulações climáticas realizadas com o Regional Climate Model version 4  (RegCM4). O período histórico corresponde aos anos de 1980-2005 e o futuro aos de 2070-2095. Para esse último, é considerado o cenário de mudanças climáticas Representative Concentration Pathways 8.5 (RCP8.5) do Painel Intergovernamental de Mudanças Climáticas (IPCC). Para a precipitação, foram analisados índices climáticos relacionados a valores médios e extremos. Já para a temperatura do ar apenas analisaram-se os valores médios. Entre os resultados têm-se que a temperatura do ar poderá aumentar em até 5 oC no estado, enquanto que a precipitação mostra uma tendência de aumento no verão e redução no inverno. No futuro, as projeções climáticas indicam que a sequência de dias consecutivos úmidos tende a reduzir, enquanto a de dias secos a aumentar.
CONDIÇÕES METEOROLÓGICAS ASSOCIADAS COM A OCORRÊNCIA DE GEADAS NA SERRA DA MANTIQUEIRA
Authors: Sapucci Camila Ribeiro , Reboita Michelle Simões , Carvalho Vanessa Silveira Barreto , Martins Fabrina Bolzan
Published: February 2019

A Serra da Mantiqueira localiza-se na região sudeste do Brasil e, devido sua altitude, possui clima apto para cultivos como o café. Portanto, a ocorrência de geadas nessa região causa grandes danos econômicos. Diante do exposto, o objetivo deste estudo é apresentar a frequência dos episódios de geadas em quatro localidades da Serra da Mantiqueira e uma análise das condições atmosféricas propícias a esse fenômeno meteorológico. Dentre os quatro locais estudados, a maior frequência anual de geadas ocorre em Campos do Jordão (SP), com registro de 22 casos, sendo seguido de Maria da Fé (MG) com 12 casos por ano. A condição mais propícia aos eventos de geada está associada com a atuação do setor oeste do Anticiclone Subtropical do Atlântico Sul sobre o sudeste do Brasil. Esse sistema causa condições de céu claro, o que facilita o resfriamento da superfície por perda radiativa noturna.
ANÁLISE DE PROPOSTA ALTERNATIVA NA OBTENÇÃO DO FATOR DE VISÃO DE CÉU POR MÉTODO FOTOGRÁFICO
Authors: Miranda Soneize Auxiliadora de , Jesus de Paula Diana Carolina , De Musis Carlo Ralph , De Souza Nogueira José , De Moura Santos Flávia Maria , De Jesus Albuquerque Nogueira Marta Cristina
Published: February 2019

O fator de visão de céu (FVC) é apontado como uma das variáveis explicativa nas alterações microclimáticas do ambiente urbano. Neste contexto, este estudo objetivou analisar o desempenho de lentes Fisheye de baixo custo acopladas a um dispositivo móvel para obtenção do FVC por método fotográfico. O método empregado foi o levantamento das imagens hemisféricas; estimativas do FVC e análise estatística do desempenho das propostas alternativas. De acordo com os resultados alcançados, a alteração da altura do ponto de visão não reportou diferenças significativas entre os valores do FVC, porém as lentes alternativas apresentaram diferenças significativas, em comparação aos valores do FVC obtidos com o equipamento de referência.
MODELS TO ESTIMATE CHILLING ACCUMULATION UNDER SUBTROPICAL CLIMATIC CONDITIONS IN BRAZIL
Authors: Milech Chaiane Goveia , Scariotto Silvia , Dini Maximiliano , Herter Flavio Gilberto , Raseira Maria do Carmo Bassols
Published: February 2019

Chilling requirement is a characteristic that limits temperate fruit crops cultivation under subtropical climate. Several mathematic models, differing on the relative value of chilling units have been developed, in order to estimate the chilling accumulation on a given site. The present work compared eight of these models using data from hourly temperatures from May to August, from a period of 11 years, collected in Pelotas, RS, Brazil, aiming to characterize the region regarding the chilling accumulation for the cultivation of deciduous fruit trees and it also had as objective to check if a model using average temperatures is suitable enough to be used when hourly temperatures were not available. The eight tested models were: Chilling Hours (≤7.2°C); Chilling Hours (≤11°C); Utah; Low Chill; Dynamic; Mean Temperatures; Positive Utah and Taiwan. The results showed large differences between years, regardless of the used model. However, the Taiwan and Low Chill models seemed more suitable for the estimation of the accumulation of cold in the Pelotas region. The Medium Temperatures model can be used as a valid option since it has a high correlation with the other models and easy data availability.
INFLUÊNCIA DA VARIABILIDADE CLIMÁTICA NA PRODUÇÃO DE LEITE NA REGIÃO SEMIÁRIDA DO NORDESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Barbosa Vanessa Vasconcelos , Souza Werônica Meira de , Galvíncio Josiclêda Dominicano , Sobral Maria do Carmo Martins
Published: February 2019

A pecuária leiteira é um dos setores mais sensíveis às variações do clima, e sua atividade representa um importante papel na economia do Agreste de Pernambuco (região semiárida), sobretudo na sustentabilidade das propriedades rurais de base familiar. Este trabalho objetiva analisar o impacto da variabilidade climática na produção de leite em escala temporal no Agreste pernambucano e determinar um modelo que represente a influência da variabilidade da precipitação pluviométrica na produção leiteira. Foram utilizados dados diários de precipitação pluviométrica de 21 estações no período de 1960 a 2014 distribuídos na região, cedidos pela APAC, e dados anuais de produção de leite de 1974 a 2014 do IBGE. Utilizou-se o aplicativo Climap 3.0 e do software Statistical Package for Social Sience (SPSS) para processamento dos dados. As análises das tendências climáticas da precipitação indicaram alta variabilidade do clima e má distribuição das chuvas durante o ano, com tendência de diminuição das chuvas na região dos índices climáticos. A variável precipitação contribui com 36% (modelo estatístico) na produção de leite no Agreste pernambucano.
VARIABILIDADE ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DA PRECIPITAÇÃO NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO MUNDAÚ (PE/AL)
Authors: Silva Suzana De Araújo , Candeias Ana Lúcia Bezerra , Gomes Daniel Dantas Moreira , Souza Werônica Meira de
Published: February 2019

A Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Mundaú (BHRM), é uma das mais importantes para os estados de Pernambuco e Alagoas no Brasil. Nessa bacia há ocorrências cíclicas de estiagens calamitosas e enxurradas severas. Esses fenômenos causam prejuízos de diversos tipos e em alguns casos chegam a causarem óbitos. Este trabalhou objetivou analisar a variabilidade espaço-temporal da precipitação no período de 1986 a 2016. Ao longo desses 31 anos verificou-se imensa heterogeneidade na distribuição espacial da precipitação entre os municípios da BHRM. Através do Índice de Anomalia da Chuva (IAC) observou-se ciclos de sete a dez anos associados a Oscilação Decadal do Pacífico (ODP). O El-Niño Oscilação Sul (ENOS) não apresentou grande influência sobre a BHRM. Observou-se uma leve tendência de aumento da precipitação.
DETERMINATION OF WEIBULL PARAMETERS FOR WIND APPLICATIONS IN TWO DIFFERENT REGIONS
Authors: Borges W. F. A. , Araújo A. M. , Oliveira Filho O. D. Q. de , Rohatgi J. S. , Pinto G. F.
Published: February 2019

In this work, the main objective is to determine the shape (k) and scale (c) parameters of the Weibull probability density function through four numerical methods, known as graphical method (GM), empirical method of Justus (EMJ), empirical method of Lysen (EML), and moment method (MM) in two distinct cities, Gravatá-PE and Osório-RS, under the influence of two wind regimes. To do that, it will be used the hourly wind data obtained through NASA's Meteonorm database, from 2006 to 2015. Statistical analyzes also will be used to determine the best method used to determine these parameters.
MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF MACROSEGREGATION IN INGOT CASTING
Authors: Assunção Jr M. O. , Vynnycky M.
Published: February 2019

The occurrence of macrosegregation in alloys produced by ingot casting can adversely affect the quality of the final product. Macrosegregation can be described as a severe variation on the macroscopic scale of the chemical species that compose the alloy, and the ability of computational simulations to predict such defects remains far from perfect. Therefore, this research focuses on the development of a two-dimensional mathematical model that - through computational simulations - could be applied to study and predict the formation of macrosegregation in the ingot casting of binary alloys. Once accomplished, this work can establish the framework to new studies that will tackle more advanced problems, e.g., for actual ingot geometries, three-dimensional models and industrially-important ternary alloys.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION ON METAL CASTING IN VERTICAL SOLIDIFICATION
Authors: Stieven G. M. , Soares D. R. , Oliveira E. P. , Lins E. F.
Published: February 2019

The metals and alloys solidification can be defined as a transient heat transfer process. A liquid/solid transformation is followed by thermal energy liberation, with a movable boundary separating two phases with different thermophysical properties. The solidification is of great interest to mechanical and chemical engineers. It is a non-linear transient phenomenon, where heat transfer between the casting and the mold plays a important role. This paper aims to propose a study of heat flow from the casting to the mold using a numerical technique to compute the temperature history of all points inside the casting. The cooling process consists of water-cooled mold with heat being extracted only from the bottom, resulting in unidirectional vertical solidification. The ANSYS software was used to obtain the temperature distribution in the casting. Good agreement was obtained when the simulation results were compared with the experimental data.
NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE FLOW OVER A COMMERCIAL VEHICLE - PICKUP
Authors: Pinto W. J. G. S. , Almeida O.
Published: February 2019

This work presents an ongoing numerical and experimental study of the flow around a pickup vehicle by means of CFD simulations and wind tunnel experiments. The model was based on the light-pickup market in Brazil and it was designed with flat surfaces and sharp edges. One of the objectives of this research was the understanding about the flow pattern around the vehicle, especially in the region behind the cabin and the wake. Another goal was to obtain original data from experimental measurements which could be used on further computational investigations. The experiments were carried out in a low-speed wind tunnel at Reynolds number of 5 x 105. Hot-wire anemometry was used to obtain the velocity profiles. Wall tufts were applied to describe the flow direction and regions of attached/detached and recirculation zones. Acceleration due to the underbody and the shear layer formed on the cabin were well defined, also indicating a region of reverse flow behind the tailgate. The flow visualization allowed the identification of recirculation regions inside the trunk and regions of detached flow. These flow patterns were also reproduced in the CFD simulations resulting satisfactory information to describe the main flow pattern over the pickup vehicle.
Constitucionalismo popular: modelos e críticas
Authors: Vieira José Ribas , Emerique Lilian Márcia Balmant , Barreira Jônatas Henriques
Published: February 2019

O artigo aborda o constitucionalismo popular em seus principais autores. Em seguida, analisa os modelos apresentados para materializar este constitucionalismo popular. Depois disso, aponta os principais críticos desta corrente do pensamento constitucional americano. A partir de todas estas exposições, o artigo busca, através de uma revisão bibliográfica crítica das principais obras de referência do constitucionalismo popular, encontrar a possibilidade de uma visão conciliatória entre supremacia judicial e participação popular e identificar as principais contribuições do constitucionalismo popular.
GÊNERO E PARADIPLOMACIA: O CASO DA UNIDADE TEMÁTICA DE GÊNERO DAS MERCOCIDADES
Authors: Mercher Leonardo , Villenave Sabrina
Published: February 2019

O objetivo central deste artigo é mostrar que a questão de gênero, levantada no cenário internacional nas últimas duas décadas pelo movimento subnacional, transpassa a visão tradicional das relações internacionais. Através de um movimento transnacional, as cidades vêm elaborando políticas públicas e iniciativas em um espaço internacional de representação dos movimentos e preocupações de gênero. A metodologia aqui aplicada consiste em analisar o conteúdo dos documentos produzidos e disponibilizados, de 2000 até 2011, pela Unidade Temática de Gênero e Município da Rede Municipal de Mercocidades, de forma a identificar as atuais políticas internacionais, bem como estabelecer uma relação entre a representação feminina e a atuação transnacional dos governos locais. A base teórica apoia-se no efeito bumerangue construtivista, elaborado por Martha Finnemore e Kathryn Sikkink, que buscam explicar a atuação transnacional dos novos atores internacionais, bem como dos estudos feministas de Marisa Zalewski, Cynthia Enloe, Christine Sylvester e Spike Peterson que norteiam a pesquisa qualitativa sobre a representação e ação de gênero na documentação analisada. As análises demonstraram que a cooperação descentralizada das cidades não apenas ampliou o número de atores porta-vozes dessa temática nas relações internacionais, como também contribuíram para construir definições sobre a questão de gênero no Cone Sul-Americano.
From Social Worker to Social Worker: MSW Mentorship Outcomes
Authors: Nestelroad Jessica , Ashley Wendy
Published: February 2019

Students returning to graduate school after years in the workforce face multiple challenges, including reviving dormant academic skills, juggling multiple roles and role alterations, and navigating academic structures and procedures. Department of Children and Family Services (DCFS) Children’s Social Workers (CSW’s) returning to school to obtain a Masters in Social Work (MSW) degree face additional unique challenges, including graduate level writing expectations, learning to be a professional social worker as dictated by the standards of the discipline, and making a paradigm shift from social work employee to social work student. A mentoring project was developed to assist students employed as CSW’s in successfully transitioning from employee to MSW student, and aimed to strengthen the public child welfare employee students to ensure that they are better equipped to successfully achieve their MSW, develop strategies to effectively integrate their skills into the DCFS system following graduation and ultimately increase proficiency to effectively serve vulnerable children and families. The purpose of this research study is to explore how the implementation of a mentorship program for CSW’s obtaining an MSW contributed to professional success post-graduation, when social workers returned to their positions with DCFS. This qualitative study was developed using detailed oral interviews with five participants. This research reveals mentorship programs can be both personally and professionally successful, identifying needs germane to this population of students and suggesting a specialized approach to educating current CSW’s to cultivate the skills essential for effective social work practice.
Planting Date and Biculture Affect Sunn Hemp Productivity in the Midwest
Authors: Stute James K. , Shekinah D. Esther
Published: February 2019

Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) is recommended as a warm season cover crop in the Midwest due to its ability to produce high levels of biomass and fix atmospheric nitrogen. It can also be grown in biculture with other cover crops to enhance overall ecosystem services. Two field experiments were conducted over four growing seasons (2014 – 2017) in Wisconsin on a forest derived Fox silt loam (Fine-loamy, mixed, mesic Typic Hapludalfs) under organic certification to determine the effect of planting date on sunn hemp dry matter yield, N and C addition and to determine the effect of species ratio in a biculture with sorghum-sudan [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] on the same output variables as well as seed cost and the related per unit cost of production. Planting dates significantly affected all biomass yield variables, which declined linearly from the initial date and appear related to growing degree accumulation. Regression analysis revealed a biomass yield decline of 1.3% per day (8.9% week-1) in relative yield, and 0.90 Mg day-1 (0.61 Mg week-1) in actual yield. In biculture, sunn hemp grown in a planting ratio of 50:50 with sorghum-sudan maximized N addition through nitrogen fixation and added N from dry matter, without a significant difference in the dry matter recorded. Analysis of seed cost data revealed that as the ratio of sunn hemp in the planting mixture decreased, the cost per hectare decreased. The cost of production per unit of DM, N, C and CO2 equivalent at this planting ratio were 7.08 $ Mg-1, 0.57 $ kg-1, 17.51 $ t-1 and 4.78 $ t-1 respectively. In pure culture, early planting dates (June 15th to July 15th) are recommended for sunn hemp, and in biculture, a planting ratio of 50:50 with sorghum-sudan could serve Midwestern producers well by reducing per unit cost of biomass production.
Developing Competences and Attitudes among Territorial Defence Personnel
Authors: Horyń Wojciech , Wełyczko Lesław , Nagody-Mrozowicz Kazimierz
Published: February 2019

This article presents aspects of developing the competences of the soldiers of Territorial Defence Forces (TDF) – albeit, due to the vastness of the subject matter, it only partially explores this topic. Particular attention has been paid to the wide spectrum of the competences of a Territorial Defence officer who performs the roles of a commander-educator and instructor, but the competences of the subordinate – a private soldier of this service of the Armed Forces have also been discussed. Additionally, this article indicates rather important aspects of forming soldiers’ personalities and, in consequence, also their attitudes (civic, patriotic, national defence-oriented etc.) which combine to form their professional-personal characteristics.