bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the Teaching Method of Culture-related Courses under the Framework of Cross-school Study for English Majors in Colleges
Authors: Xun Zhu
Published: December 2023

The open and formative teaching approach within the framework of cross campus learning for English majors in universities reflects an open and inclusive spirit of teaching and problem-solving, a sustainable learning method and process, and an attitude towards cooperative teaching and learning. The English major, with its characteristics as a liberal arts major, is particularly suitable for open and nurturing teaching models within the framework of cross school studies. Students majoring in English in universities should cultivate the habit of lifelong learning in an open teaching and learning environment, and effectively utilize the learning community under the cross campus learning framework and actively adapt to the diverse scoring mechanism under the cross campus learning framework.
Analysis of the college teachers’ classroom teaching charm based on gender
Authors: Wei Fu , Yue Wang
Published: December 2023

From a gender perspective, this research utilized questionnaires administered to college students and faculty, and applied statistical analysis to investigate the shared perceptions of both groups regarding teachers’ language, demeanor, and appearance. Additionally, the study evaluated the impact of these factors on the perceived charisma of instructors during classroom sessions. Results indicate that female instructors are perceived as more charismatic than their male counterparts. A teacher’s linguistic charm can enhance students’ critical thinking skills, and those with a visually appealing presence tend to captivate students more effectively. In terms of charismatic classroom behaviors, male instructors exhibit less expressiveness in facial cues compared to female instructors. However, male instructors excel in modulating their vocal pitch during lectures. When juxtaposing eye contact with gesturing, educators often prefer gesturing to convey teaching charisma. Furthermore, the act of moving around the classroom by teachers can lead to perceptual disparities between students and instructors.
The Cultivation of Oral Expression Ability in the Process of Learning English in Secondary Schools
Authors: Le Wang , Shuo Wang
Published: December 2023

In the context of globalization, the English proficiency requirements for middle school students are no longer limited to simple listening, reading and writing, and the importance of spoken language is becoming increasingly apparent. Secondary school is also an important period of language acquisition, so it is particularly important to develop students’ oral expression skills in the process of learning English in secondary school. So for secondary school English learning, how do we intersperse the development of oral expression skills? This article will examine the importance of oral learning, what is an effective and innovative oral learning method, as well as the design principles of oral classrooms, and the basic skills of oral expression. It aims to provide some effective oral expression training methods and classroom design ideas for the majority of secondary school English teachers, so as to improve the oral English expression ability of secondary school students.
Case Teaching in Public Management
Authors: xiang Yu
Published: December 2023

Public management case teaching presents problems selectively through the description of certain situations, aiming to enhance students’ ability to identify, analyze and solve practical problems. However, it is important to choose cases that meet the professional requirements of public management discipline and help students better understand and master relevant theories. The selected cases should reflect the current reality of public management activities and have strong potential for discussion.
Study on Health Promotion of Fitness Yoga to Students of Disadvantaged Groups in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Jiang Li
Published: December 2023

The strategic theme of "Co-construction and sharing, health for all" is proposed in the outline of the "Healthy China 2030" plan. Yoga, as a fitness exercise, is deeply loved by college students. Different from other sports, fitness yoga can meet the exercise needs of different student groups, with low intensity exercise loads providing more choices for students of disadvantaged groups. In the process of yoga practice, students can regulate their physical and mental health, alleviate anxiety, improve their mental state, The study on the promotion of fitness yoga on the physical health of students in vulnerable groups aims to maintain and improve the health of college students, promote the scientific fitness of the whole people, and help the healthy China action.
Functions and Strategies of University Journals in Discipline Construction
Authors: Wang Shuhui , Li Zengshan , Luo Jing , Chen Boyuan , Shang Feifei
Published: December 2023

There is a win-win relationship of synergism and benign interaction between university journals and discipline construction, which plays an important role in showcasing innovative achievements, promoting talent training and leading discipline development. It is necessary to actively enhance the participation of journals in discipline construction, explore ways to focus on the development direction of key disciplines, give full play to the academic orientation of editorial board, and gather discipline achievements and talents to help discipline construction and development.
Research on the Digital Technology Framework for Teaching Ability of Future Education Teachers
Authors: He Lixin , Jin Meng , Han Xingyue
Published: December 2023

Developing with digital and the application of digital information in the future education, how teachers will cope with the impact of new technology on teaching in the future education, how to cope with the challenges brought by future education to teachers’ teaching ability in advance, how to make reasonable prediction is the focus of teachers in the future education. From the perspective of future education, this study uses the methods of content analysis and text analysis to analyse the driving factors of future teachers’ ability exploration and related aspects of future education’s challenge to future teachers’ ability, explores the elements and development trend of teachers’ teaching ability in future education, and encourages teachers to actively explore their adaptability to future education. Based on the research and the model of teachers’ knowledge and technology, providing the digital technology framework for future teacher’s education.
Research on the teaching mode of “Integration of Theory and Virtual Simulation” in the course of “Analog Electronic Technology”
Authors: Zhang Xiuyan , Tao Guobin
Published: December 2023

The abstracted model from engineering practice is the research object in the course of “analog electronic technology”, which has strong theoretical characteristics, abstract and obscure knowledge points, and it is difficult to combine with practice. By adopting the teaching mode of “integration of theory and virtual simulation”, Multisim virtual simulation can effectively solve the phenomenon of disconnection between theory and practice and low enthusiasm of students in previous teaching methods. It combines theoretical mastery with practical application, the students’ subjective initiative is fully mobilized, and the students’ ability is effectively trained and exercised, so the quality of teaching is improved.
Research on the Integration and Reform of Ideological and Political Elements in the Teaching of Rapid Prototyping Technology Course
Authors: Wang Lulu , Ma Lixin , Li Zhenzhen
Published: December 2023

With the continuous development of science and technology, rapid prototyping technology has been widely used in manufacturing industry. However, the teaching of rapid prototyping technology often pays attention to the technology itself and ignores the cultivation of students’ ideological and moral literacy. In order to better cultivate students’ comprehensive quality and sense of social responsibility, this study aims to explore how to integrate ideological and political elements into the teaching of "Rapid Prototyping Technology" to improve students’ ideological and moral quality and comprehensive ability. The results of this study are of great significance for promoting the reform of ideological and political education in the course of rapid prototyping technology, and provide useful reference for relevant teachers and decision makers.
Exploration and Construction of the Assessment System for the “Electrical and Electronic Technology” Course in the Context of Ideological and Political Education
Authors: Guo Minggao , Yan Lijing , Ma Lixing
Published: December 2023

With the deepening of educational reform, the significance of ideological and political education in higher education is increasingly evident. This paper focuses on the assessment system of the "Electrical and Electronic Technology" course in the context of ideological and political education. Through literature research and analysis, it identifies the current situation and issues related to ideological and political education in the course. Furthermore, it explores and analyzes the strategies for constructing the ideological and political teaching and assessment system in the "Electrical and Electronic Technology" course. As a result, a comprehensive assessment system is established to ensure that the design and implementation of ideological and political education in the course aligns better with students’ learning needs. This research offers new insights and approaches for improving the quality of ideological and political education and serves as a valuable reference for future educational reform practices.
Study on the influence of Douyin short video marketing on camping travel intention
Authors: Zheng Zhiping , Lu Changtai , Zhao Weiyi
Published: December 2023

In order to explore the impact of three dimensions of short video marketing (namely, influence, trust and bias) on camping tourism intention, this paper takes perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use as intermediary variables to build a theoretical framework and conduct empirical analysis. The results show that: the three independent variables have a positive impact on perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and camping travel intention, Perceived usefulness plays an intermediary role between the three independent variables and camping travel intention, while perceived ease of use only plays an intermediary role between Douyin short video influence, bias and camping travel intention. This paper will put forward corresponding suggestions on Douyin short video marketing based on the research conclusions.
Research on Cultivating Entrepreneurship Ability of Graduate Students in the Field of Electronic Information
Authors: Hou Chengyu , Zhao Yaqin , Yin Zhendong , Liu Jinlong
Published: December 2023

This article aims to explore the generation process of graduate students' entrepreneurial ability in the field of electronic information from three aspects: entrepreneurial awareness, entrepreneurial skills, and entrepreneurial practice, in order to condense the key factors of graduate students' entrepreneurial ability. And then a mechanism and method are established for cultivating graduate students' entrepreneurial ability based on the analysis above.
“A sheep, a sheep” - Viral marketing packaged as a game
Authors: Tan Lu
Published: December 2023

"A sheep, a sheep", is a recently popular mini game related to consumer goods. In terms of entertainment and classic gameplay, it cannot compare with many excellent works of the same type.With incomplete gameplay and superb operational methods, it has been lifted to a height that does not belong to it by netizens. This article attempts to discuss its viral marketing process and logic, as well as the industry causes and harms that cause this phenomenon, in order to decipher the key to the popularity of this phenomenal mini game.
Study on the Current Situation and Challenges of Population Aging in Guangzhou
Authors: Zhou Xu
Published: December 2023

Population aging exerts a far-reaching influence on urban development. Currently, Guangzhou, seeing a faster pace of population aging, is experiencing this influence. This paper focuses on exploring practical solutions to the challenges posed by population aging by analyzing the current situation of population aging in Guangzhou. On this basis, it identifies several deficiencies in Guangzhou’s strategies for addressing population aging and provides recommendations for improvement. The results of this study hold reference value in probing into the issue of urban population aging in China.
Exploring the Path of Developing the Second Classroom in Primary and Secondary Schools in Remote Areas under the Background of Quality Education
Authors: Cheng Zitong
Published: December 2023

In recent years, the country has introduced a series of policies to promote the development of quality education, and the second classroom has been given attention as an important part of quality education. In this context, in order to cultivate a new generation of talents that meet the economic construction and social needs of the 21st century, the development of the second classroom in primary and secondary schools has become a top priority. Based on the current development status of the second classroom in grassroots pastoral areas, this article takes Naiman Banner, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as the research site, and comprehensively uses field survey, questionnaire survey, literature research, and data analysis methods to analyze the importance, necessity, and current problems of carrying out the second classroom in primary and secondary schools in remote areas. At the same time, based on the local situation and the development needs of primary and secondary school students, quality expansion activities are carried out to enrich the content of the second classroom in primary and secondary schools, and feasible suggestions are proposed for the sustainable development path of the second classroom.
Current Situation Of Supply And Demand Of Mental Health Services For Community Residents In D City And Suggestions On Countermeasures
Authors: Liang Yingnan , Wang Xinyue
Published: December 2023

The important task of community construction in China in the new era is to establish a scientific and effective community mental health service model, which plays an important role in improving the psychological quality of community residents and having a happy and beautiful life. On the basis of analyzing the current supply and demand situation of mental health services for community residents in D city and investigating the mental health status of community residents, countermeasures and suggestions for improving the construction of community mental health service system are proposed.
Analysis on Current Situation of Military-civilian Coordinated Development Mechanism of Defense Science, Technology and Industry in Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle
Authors: Gu Wei , Li Yonghong
Published: December 2023

Chengdu-Chongqing area has a strong foundation of the national defense science, technology and industry and the implementation of the regional development strategy of Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle has injected continuous impetus into the military-civilian coordinated development of the defense science, technology and industry in the circle. In order to promote the military-civilian coordinated development of the defense science, technology and industry, Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle has established a series of mechanisms to coordinate the resources and elements of the defense science and technology in Chengdu-Chongqing, realize the integration of defense science and technology, and promote the military-civilian coordinated development of the defense science and technology and industry. The practice has proved that the mechanism has remarkable effects but there are some problems which need to be carefully summarized and analyzed to further optimize the military-civilian collaborative development mechanism of the defense science, technology and industry in the economic circle.
The application of the Forbidden City’s mythical beasts in cultural and creative packaging design
Authors: Gao Xiaohan
Published: December 2023

China's dragon culture has a long history in the Chinese nation for thousands of years, and has become a spiritual symbol of the Chinese nation, and the cultural inculcation of the traditional dragon images has penetrated into many aspects of Chinese society. It is a kind of historical condensation and cultural accumulation of the Chinese nation. The Historic Evolution of the Auspicious Beast Dragon In China, the traditional Chinese culture of the Auspicious Beast Dragon is one of the earliest in origin, longest in duration, and most influential. This project integrates the traditional Forbidden City Auspicious Beasts into the packaging of cultural and creative products, and explores the cultural connotation, historical significance, and expression of the traditional Chinese Auspicious Beasts pattern. Firstly, the background and influence of traditional Chinese mythical beast graphics in China are outlined; secondly, traditional Chinese mythical beasts are classified, analyzed for their artistic characteristics, culture, forms of expression and the symbolism behind them, and the image of mythical beasts from the Forbidden City is used as the basis for the design, and the commercial value and scope of dissemination of the mythical beasts culture can be brought about in cultural and creative packaging design is analyzed; ultimately, a series of packaging design of "Four Seasons mythical beasts" is presented, so that traditional mythical beasts culture can enter the public's vision and make more people understand China's excellent traditional culture. Four Seasons Auspicious Beasts" cultural and creative packaging design series, so that the traditional Auspicious Beasts culture into the public's field of vision, so that more people understand the excellent traditional Chinese culture. Finally, by combining the changes of the Forbidden City throughout the year with the beasts of prey for innovation and redesign. We hope that this design can give more people who love traditional culture and Auspicious Beast motifs new inspiration and ideas, and we also hope that it can provide a reference for the innovation point of Chinese traditional motifs in cultural and creative packaging design.
Analysis of Factors Influencing the Sleep Duration Insufficient of Secondary School Students in Kunshan
Authors: Wang Zhaoji
Published: December 2023

As growing sleep problems among secondary school students, this paper analyse the factors affecting the insufficient sleep time of secondary school students, with a view to providing clues for improving the insufficient sleep time of secondary school students. A total of 218 secondary school students in Kunshan were randomly selected to collect information on gender, school year, residence status, number of days of ≥60 min /d moderate-intensity exercise (d /w), and length of outdoor activities during the day (h /d); regression models were used to analyse the influencing factors of insufficient sleep time among the secondary school students. The rate of sleep deprivation among 218 secondary school students was 78.89%. It was found that female students had a higher risk of insufficient sleep than male students, high school students had a higher risk of insufficient sleep than junior high school students, and the number of days of moderate to high intensity and the amount of outdoor time during the daytime had a significant positive influence on the adequacy of sleep. Insufficient sleep is common among secondary school students in Kunshan, which should be taken seriously by families, schools and society, and relevant measures should be taken to improve the sleep time of secondary school students.
Cultural contrasts between Chinese and Western flood legends from an intercultural perspective
Authors: Wu Lulu , Liub Na
Published: December 2023

Flood is a natural disaster that threatens the safety of people's lives and property, and there are myths and legends related to flood disasters in China and abroad. The Noah's Ark is one of the most famous stories in the Bible in the West, and the story of Yu the Great Harnesses the Flood is a well-known story in China. By comparing the story of Noah's Ark and Yu the Great Harnesses the Flood, this paper explores the deep cultural differences between China and the West, so as to understand and tolerate each other in intercultural communication and reduce unnecessary cultural conflicts.
Exploration of Harmonious Labor Relations under the New Business Model
Authors: Yan Wenjie
Published: December 2023

In recent years, the prevalence of new forms of economy in China has not only changed people's lives but also further promoted the development of the labor market, changed the traditional labor market pattern, and gave birth to new forms of employment models. However, due to the differences between new forms of employment and traditional forms of employment, it is difficult to determine the labor relationship of workers in new forms of employment. Therefore, starting from the current situation of harmonious labor relations under the new business model, statistical analysis is conducted on the judicial judgments of labor relations in China's new business model. It is found that there are difficulties in identifying labor relations, insufficient performance of labor union responsibilities, and insufficient labor and rights protection capabilities in building harmonious labor relations. Suggestions are made to improve and improve relevant laws and regulations, strengthen labor union construction, and enhance workers' ability to protect their rights, In order to better protect the labor rights and interests of new employment groups.
A Study on the International Communication of Chinese Culture by Japanese Self-media in the Context of New Media
Authors: Cui Wenyan , Li Xiaoyong , Huang Jianing , Yu Zhijuan , Li Jiayi , Wu Huiqi
Published: December 2023

Under the background of new media, the advantages of self-media in cultural communication have become more and more obvious, and the way of communication of cultures of different countries has changed a lot. How to better realize cross-cultural communication in the new media era has attracted much attention. Nowadays, foreigners in China are playing their own role in spreading Chinese culture with their unique perspectives and methods. This paper takes Japanese self-media works in China as an example, analyzes the contents of their China-related documentaries, discusses the characteristics and advantages of such works in cross-cultural communication, and looks forward to how better to realize cross-cultural communication through self-media in the future, so as to promote the cultural exchange between countries and the understanding and recognition of foreign cultures.
Discusses the Application of Art Design Concepts in Fashion Brand Shaping
Authors: Dong Meiling , Chen Yu
Published: December 2023

Clothing is a creation in the process of human survival and development. With the continuous development of the economy and the improvement of human living standards, the process of historical evolution is accelerating. The concept of clothing art design is no longer limited to practical functions, but extends to abstract functions such as aesthetics and artistic sense of clothing. This also promotes the expansion of the connotation of clothing art design concept, injects new soul into the shaping of clothing brands, and creates conditions for the diversified development of clothing brands.The article focuses on two directions: brand image shaping and brand culture shaping, and deeply analyzes the new trend of clothing consumption in the current era. It introduces the use of art design concepts, attempts to explore the shaping of clothing enterprise brand image and brand culture under art design concepts, and ultimately verifies the broad application prospects of art design concepts in clothing brand shaping.
Die Kraft der Erwartung nutzen
Authors: Bingel Ulrike
Published: December 2023

Placebo-Effekte fördern und Nocebo-Effekte vermeiden – das ist
bei nahezu jeder Behandlung sinnvoll und möglich. Jeder Eingriff, jede
Medikamenteneinnahme, Neurostimulation oder Physiotherapie unterliegt auch einem
Erwartungseffekt. Für Therapeut*innen ist wichtig zu
wissen, wie sie durch authentische und empathische Kommunikation ihre
Patient*innen unterstützen können. Am
Beispiel der Placeboanalgesie lassen sich Effekte, Mechanismen und kommunikative
Aspekte besonders gut zeigen.
Durability of Photosensitizers in a Photo-oxidation Reaction in a Novel Oscillatory Baffled Photo Reactor
Authors: Chen Jianhan , Prinsloo Rohen , Ni Xiongwei
Published: December 2023

With the rapid development of novel photosensitizers/photocatalysts, photochemical transformation has become possible and practical. In this context, we report for the first time our work on testing and quantifying the durability and robustness of a heterogeneous photosensitizer, polymer-supported rose Bengal (Ps-RB) beads, in a model photo-oxidation reaction between α-terpinene and singlet oxygen (1O2). A novel photo reactor is used due to its capabilities of providing uniform suspensions of solid beads and uniform light distribution. We have proposed a methodology for quantifying the durability of the beads including the factors of loss of beads and the reduced product concentration. The results show that the durability of the Ps-RB beads has decreased by about 67% after five consecutive runs, and the half-life of the beads can be reached in less than 200 minutes. In addition, we have also identified the optimal bead mass in the novel photo reactor. Our work not only enriches the designs of new and better photosensitizers but also provides a comprehensive methodology for testing and validating photosensitizers.
Observation of laser ablation of silicon as a function of pulse length at constant fluence via time-resolved x-ray spectroscopy
Authors: Joshi T. R. , Bailly-Grandvaux M. , Turner R. E. , Spielman R. B. , Garay J. E. , Beg F. N.
Published: December 2023

We investigate the ablation of silicon as a function of laser pulse length at a constant fluence using time-resolved x-ray spectroscopy data obtained from OMEGA EP experiments at the University of Rochester's Laboratory for Laser Energetics. Our targets consisted of three-layer planar structures composed of Si (50 μm), Cu (25 μm), and SiO2 (500 μm) layers. The Si layer was irradiated by a 351-nm laser with varying pulse widths of 250 ps, 500 ps, 1 ns, and 10 ns while maintaining a constant fluence of ∼27.9 kJ/cm2. Electron temperatures and densities of the ablated plasma were determined by analyzing the time-resolved x-ray spectroscopy data through a comparison of experimental measurements with synthetic results obtained from Si atomic calculations in a steady state and non-local thermodynamic equilibrium. These calculations were computed using PrismSPECT [MacFarlane et al., High Energy Density Phys. 3, 181 (2007)]. Additionally, radiation-hydrodynamics simulations with FLASH are used to generate simulated plasma-density and plasma-temperature profiles, which are then compared with the experimental measurements. Our analyses reveal that increasing the laser pulse length at a constant fluence results in a decrease in electron temperatures and densities. Furthermore, the longer pulses with lower intensities lead to deeper ablation regions before reaching the peak ablation but lower ionization balances in the silicon layer. These findings emphasize the critical role of laser pulse length in plasma ablation and shock generation for laser-impulse studies.
Modified stable methods and effect of artificial diffusion in the numerical study of viscoelastic fluid flow
Authors: Zhang Jun-Qiang , Hou Guo-Xiang , Xiong Yong-Liang , Yang Dan
Published: December 2023

The trace of the polymer conformation tensor in numerical simulations is bounded by applying a logarithmic transformation to the elastic force in the finitely extensible nonlinear elastic-Peterlin model. This method, called elastic stress logarithmic transformation (EL), is combined with the artificial diffusion (AD) and square-root conformation reformulation (SRCR) methods to establish EL-AD and EL-SRCR methods, respectively. The accuracy and stability of these methods have been investigated by conducting direct numerical simulations of viscoelastic laminar flows around a circular cylinder at a Reynolds number Re = 100, considering a wide range of rheological parameters: the maximum polymer extensibility L = 10 and 100, and the Weissenberg number Wi=1−80. Specifically, effects of artificial diffusion coefficients measured by dimensionless Schmidt number Scc=10−106 on the flow are studied. The results indicate that the EL method can effectively ensure the boundedness and accuracy of the conformation tensor trace, making the EL-AD method a valuable modification of the AD method for simulations with larger L and Wi. The impact of the polymer stress diffusion on the simulation is complex. It can stabilize the simulation by reducing sharp gradients and peak positions of elastic stress. However, inappropriate artificial diffusion coefficients lead to flow artifacts when L is large (L = 100). One consequence is an amplification of the solid-like phenomenon caused by polymer near the upstream stagnation point of the cylinder. Another consequence is an enhanced suppression of vortices by polymer downstream of the cylinder. The challenge in determining a suitable AD coefficient emphasizes the superiority of the EL-SRCR method in terms of stability and accuracy.
Complex phase of the nonresonant background in sum frequency generation spectroscopy
Authors: Matsuzaki Korenobu , Yamaguchi Shoichi , Tahara Tahei
Published: December 2023

Sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy is an interface-selective spectroscopic technique that enables us to selectively observe the vibrational or electronic resonances of molecules within a very thin interface layer. The interfacial properties probed by SFG are contained in a complex quantity called the second-order nonlinear susceptibility (χ2). It is usually believed that the imaginary part of χ2 (Im χ2) exhibits the resonant responses of the system, whereas the nonresonant responses appear solely in the real part of χ2 (Re χ2). However, it was recently theoretically pointed out that a portion of the nonresonant responses actually contributes to the observed Im χ2 spectra when the finite thickness of the interface layer is taken into account. In this study, by considering a simple air/liquid interface without any solutes as a model system, we theoretically evaluate the nonresonant contribution to experimentally accessible Im χ2 as well as to Re χ2, from which the complex phase of the nonresonant background is estimated. It is shown that the deviation of the complex phase from 0° or 180° is less than 1° even if the thickness of the interface layer is taken into account. This means that the nonresonant contribution to Im χ2 is practically negligible, and it is a very good approximation to think that the nonresonant background appears solely in Re χ2 in the case of air/liquid interfaces. This result implies that Im χ2 practically contains only the resonant responses of the system, and molecular resonances at the interface can be conveniently studied using Im χ2 spectra at such interfaces.
Hilbert space multireference coupled cluster tailored by matrix product states
Authors: Demel Ondřej , Brandejs Jan , Lang Jakub , Brabec Jiří , Veis Libor , Legeza Örs , Pittner Jiří
Published: December 2023

In the past decade, the quantum chemical version of the density matrix renormalization group method has established itself as the method of choice for strongly correlated molecular systems. However, despite its favorable scaling, in practice, it is not suitable for computations of dynamic correlation. Several approaches to include that in post-DMRG methods exist; in our group, we focused on the tailored coupled cluster (TCC) approach. This method works well in many situations; however, in exactly degenerate cases (with two or more determinants of equal weight), it exhibits a bias toward the reference determinant representing the Fermi vacuum. Although sometimes it is possible to use a compensation scheme to avoid this bias for energy differences, it is certainly a drawback. In order to overcome this bias of the TCC method, we have developed a Hilbert-space multireference version of tailored CC, which can treat several determinants on an equal footing. We have implemented and compared the performance of three Hilbert-space multireference coupled cluster (MRCC) variants—the state universal one and the Brillouin–Wigner and Mukherjee’s state specific ones. We have assessed these approaches on the cyclobutadiene and tetramethyleneethane molecules, which are both diradicals with exactly degenerate determinants at a certain geometry. We have also investigated the sensitivity of the results on the orbital rotation of the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO–LUMO) pair, as it is well known that Hilbert-space MRCC methods are not invariant to such transformations.
Damage characteristics of pore and fracture structures of coal with liquid nitrogen freeze thaw
Authors: Chu Yapei , Wang Man , Wang Yingwei , Song Shuaiqi , Liu Heng , Ouyang Kai , Liu Fei
Published: December 2023

Liquid nitrogen (LN2) fracturing technology is a novel waterless fracturing technology that has significant potential for application in the development of coalbed methane. However, the changes in the microstructure after coal samples are treated with LN2 freeze thaw are poorly understood. Therefore, a combination of mercury intrusion porosimetry and micro-computed tomography (micro CT) was employed to investigate the evolution of pore and fracture structure of coal samples treated with LN2. The experimental results showed that the pore volume and average pore size of coal samples increase after LN2 freeze thaw. After 12 freeze thaw cycles, the change in pore volume of micropores and minipores of coal samples was not significant, while the pore volume of mesopores and macropores increased significantly before LN2 freeze thaw. The specific surface area of the pores in different size ranges of coal samples increases with the increase in the number of LN2 freeze thaw cycles; the structure of micropores and miniopores were damaged by thermal stress and frost heave force during LN2 freeze thaw; and the pore size gradually increases to form mesopores and macropores. Micro-CT images of coal samples after LN2 freeze thaw indicated the primary fractures of coal sample expanded and generated a large number of secondary fractures. The primary and secondary fractures are interconnected and ultimately form penetrated fracture enhancing the connectivity of fractures, enhancing the connectivity of the fracture structure. The key finding study is expected to provide a theoretical basis for LN2 fracturing.
Study on transient flow behaviors in a three-stage helico-axial multiphase pump under slug flow condition from wellhead
Authors: Tan Zheng , Zhang Jinya , Zhang Yongxue , Wang Ke , Yuan Zhiyi , Zhou Wenbo
Published: December 2023

Oilfield recovery often has extreme flow patterns of slug flow, and its gas volume fraction (GVF) still fluctuates strongly after being buffered by a homogenizer. After entering the multiphase pump, it causes transient fluctuations in pump performance, which challenges the stable operation of the multiphase pump. This paper simulates the flow field in a three-stage multiphase pump using the Euler–Euler two-fluid model and the shear stress transport k-omega (SST k−ω) turbulence model with the buffered slug flow as the boundary conditions. The results show that the differential pressure and torque of each impeller vary with the fluctuation of the inlet gas volume fraction (IGVF) and the maximum fluctuation rate reaches 36.48% and 32.97%, respectively; the maximum fluctuation rate of axial force and radial force is 1.02% and 51.18%, respectively, and the buffered slug flow has limited effect on the axial force. The main factor of pressure pulsation is the fluctuation of GVF flow and the interaction of static and dynamic. The main frequency in the impeller is the fluctuation frequency of the GVF or the diffuser blade frequency. The main frequency in the diffuser is the impeller blade frequency and its double frequency. The fluctuation frequency of the GVF is the secondary frequency, and the amplitude is relatively stable.
Extreme dynamics of wave groups on jet currents
Authors: Slunyaev A. V. , Shrira V. I.
Published: December 2023

Rogue waves are known to be much more common on jet currents. A possible explanation was put forward in Shrira and Slunyaev [“Nonlinear dynamics of trapped waves on jet currents and rogue waves,” Phys. Rev. E 89, 041002(R) (2014)] for the waves trapped on current robust long-lived envelope solitary waves localized in both horizontal directions become possible, such wave patterns cannot exist in the absence of the current. In this work, we investigate interactions between envelope solitons of essentially nonlinear trapped waves by means of the direct numerical simulation of the Euler equations. The solitary waves remain localized in both horizontal directions for hundreds of wave periods. We also demonstrate a high efficiency of the developed analytic nonlinear mode theory for description of the long-lived solitary patterns up to remarkably steep waves. We show robustness of the solitons in the course of interactions and the possibility of extreme wave generation as a result of solitons' collisions. Their collisions are shown to be nearly elastic. These robust solitary waves obtained from the Euler equations without weak nonlinearity assumptions are viewed as a plausible model of rogue waves on jet currents.
Spray, flowfield, and combustion characteristics of an external mixing atomizer in a novel cavity-swirler-based combustor
Authors: He Wu , Zhao Yuling , Fan Weijun
Published: December 2023

This paper presents an investigation into the performance of two external mixing atomizers designed for a novel cavity-swirler-based combustor, with the aim of achieving high combustion efficiency and uniform outlet temperature distribution. Experimental and numerical analyses were conducted to study the spray characteristics of the atomizers, including the Sauter mean diameter (SMD) and spray angle. The flow field, combustion efficiency, outlet temperature distribution, and pattern factor of the two atomizers were examined under atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 473 K. The results show that the external mixing prefilming atomizer (case-1) exhibits larger SMD and spray angle compared to the external mixing pressure-swirl atomizer (case-2). Furthermore, case-1 demonstrates higher combustion efficiency than case-2 under pilot-only fueling conditions, which is attributed to the larger wake regions achieved by case-1. Interestingly, under pilot-main fueling conditions, case-2 achieves higher combustion efficiency than case-1. This is due to the smaller SMD and longer residence time achieved by case-2. Moreover, case-1 demonstrates more uniform outlet temperature distribution and smaller pattern factor than case-2. This is mainly attributed to the large-scale axial vortex generated by case-2, which significantly improves the mixing intensity between cavity and mainstream.
Vortex shedding from a composite hydrofoil: Experimental evidence of a novel “partial lock-in”
Authors: Liu Yunqing , Berger Thomas A. N. , Huang Biao , Wu Qin , Farhat Mohamed
Published: December 2023

Lock-in is of great importance in many engineering applications due to its practical implications for structural safety. The influence of composite bend-twist coupling on the wake dynamics and vortex-induced vibration around a carbon fiber composite hydrofoil is investigated and compared to a similar stainless-steel hydrofoil. Experiments are conducted by varying linearly and slowly the upstream velocity back and forth between 5 and 15 m/s, which allows reaching lock-in conditions for both hydrofoils. Due to the blunt truncation of the trailing edge, both hydrofoils produce strong and alternate vortices in their wake, whose effect is visible on vibration spectrograms. The steel hydrofoil produces a classical lock-in onto its first torsion mode, while the composite hydrofoil exhibits two lock-in phenomena onto both torsion and second bending modes. Interestingly, for the second bending mode, the vibration spectrogram reveals the existence of two frequencies: (i) the resonance frequency, which remains almost constant during the lock-in phase, and (ii) the Strouhal frequency, which increases linearly with the upstream velocity. Using flow visualization, we found that this peculiar behavior is the result of the twist-bending coupling, which leads to the co-existence of two different vortex-shedding mechanisms. Close to the hydrofoil tip, the large vibration amplitude dictates the shedding frequency while the shedding follows the Strouhal law elsewhere. This partial lock-in gradually fades away as the velocity is increased. This result provides guidance for the safe design of composite structures.
Ineffective artificial mouth-breaching practices and altered hydrology confound eutrophic symptoms in a temporarily closed estuary
Authors: Nel Marelé , Adams Janine B. , Human Lucienne R. D. , Nunes Monique , Van Niekerk Lara , Lemley Daniel A.
Published: December 2023

Context Artificial breaching of intermittently closed estuaries has become more frequent in the face of global-change pressures. Aims This study aimed to determine whether the ecological health of the Great Brak Estuary has been affected by the prolonged loss of marine connectivity arising from below-average inflow and failed breaching attempts. Methods We characterised primary eutrophic symptoms (inorganic nutrients, dissolved oxygen, microalgae) typical of the various mouth states, i.e. open, closed and semi-closed. Key results Initially, low inflow and closed mouth conditions facilitated the widespread occurrence of macroalgal blooms (Cladophora glomerata). Phytoplankton bloom conditions (>20 μg Chl-a L−1) ensued only in response to favourable hydrodynamic conditions (e.g. increased water residency, halocline formation) and increased nutrient availability from fluvial sources and macroalgal dieback. These blooms occurred in brackish conditions and comprised numerous taxa, including Cyclotella atomus var. marina, Cryptomonas sp. and Prorocentrum cordatum. Widespread hypoxia (<2 mg L−1) occurred during the semi-closed mouth phase because of the reduced flushing potential associated with the preceding high flow conditions. Conclusions Global-change pressures and ineffective breaching practices will promote eutrophic conditions in intermittently closed estuaries in the future. Implications Allocating sufficient environmental flows is key to preventing ecosystem degradation.
Coculture with porcine luteal cells during in vitro porcine oocyte maturation affects lipid content, cortical reaction and zona pellucida ultrastructure
Authors: Teplitz G. M. , Lorenzo M. S. , Cruzans P. R. , Olea G. B. , Salamone D. F. , Bastien A. , Robert C. , Sirard M. A. , Lombardo D. M.
Published: December 2023

Context In pigs, in vitro fertilisation (IVF) is associated with high polyspermy rates, and for this reason, in vitro embryo production (IVP) is still an inefficient biotechnology. Coculture with somatic cells is an alternative to improve suboptimal in vitro maturation (IVM) conditions. Aim This study was conducted to test a coculture system of porcine luteal cells (PLC) and cumulus–oocyte complexes (COC) to improve oocyte metabolism. Methods COC were matured in vitro with PLC. Oocyte lipid content, mitochondrial activity, zona pellucida (ZP) digestibility and pore size, cortical reaction and in vitro embryo development were assessed. Key results Coculture reduced cytoplasmic lipid content in the oocyte cytoplasm without increasing mitochondrial activity. Although ZP digestibility and ZP pore number were not different between culture systems, ZP pores were smaller in the coculture. Coculture impacted the distribution of cortical granules as they were found immediately under the oolemma, and more of them had released their content in the ZP. Coculture with porcine luteal cells during IVM increased monospermic penetration and embryo development after IVF. Conclusions The coculture of COC with PLC affects the metabolism of the oocyte and benefits monospermic penetration and embryo development. Implications The coculture system with PLC could be an alternative for the conventional maturation medium in pigs.
GRASSY TILLERS1
(
GT1
) and
SIX-ROWED SPIKE1
(
VRS1
) homologs share conserved roles in growth repression
Authors: Gallagher Joseph P. , Man Jarrett , Chiaramida Adriana , Rozza Isabella K. , Patterson Erin L. , Powell Morgan M. , Schrager-Lavelle Amanda , Multani Dilbag S. , Meeley Robert B. , Bartlett Madelaine E.
Published: December 2023

Crop engineering and de novo domestication using gene editing are new frontiers in agriculture. However, outside of well-studied crops and model systems, prioritizing engineering targets remains challenging. Evolution can guide us, revealing genes with deeply conserved roles that have repeatedly been selected in the evolution of plant form. Homologs of the transcription factor genes
GRASSY TILLERS1
(
GT1
) and
SIX-ROWED SPIKE1
(
VRS1
) have repeatedly been targets of selection in domestication and evolution, where they repress growth in many developmental contexts. This suggests a conserved role for these genes in regulating growth repression. To test this, we determined the roles of
GT1
and
VRS1
homologs in maize (
Zea mays
) and the distantly related grass brachypodium (
Brachypodium distachyon
) using gene editing and mutant analysis. In maize,
gt1; vrs1-like1
(
vrl1
) mutants have derepressed growth of floral organs. In addition,
gt1; vrl1
mutants bore more ears and more branches, indicating broad roles in growth repression. In brachypodium,

Bdgt1;
B
dvrl1

mutants have more branches, spikelets, and flowers than wild-type plants, indicating conserved roles for
GT1
and
VRS1
homologs in growth suppression over
ca.
59 My of grass evolution. Importantly, many of these traits influence crop productivity. Notably, maize
GT1
can suppress growth in arabidopsis (
Arabidopsis thaliana
) floral organs, despite
ca
. 160 My of evolution separating the grasses and arabidopsis. Thus,
GT1
and
VRS1
maintain their potency as growth regulators across vast timescales and in distinct developmental contexts. This work highlights the power of evolution to inform gene editing in crop improvement.