bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validation of physical activity recall questionnaire and log using doubly-labelled water in Sri Lankan children
Authors: Hills Andrew , Dabare Prasangi , Wickramasinghe Pujitha , Waidyatilaka Indu , Devi Sarita , Dias. Madhuka de Lanerolle , Wickremasinghe Rajitha , Samaranayake Dulani , Jayawardena Ranil , Lanerolle Pulani
Published: March 2024

Background and objective: Valid and cost-effective approaches are essential to assess physical activity and sedentary behaviors in individuals of all ages. This study aimed to validate a physical activity recall questionnaire (PAR-Q) and a physical activity log against the doubly labelled water (DLW) technique in 11-13-year-old Sri Lankan children.
Method: Total energy expenditure (TEE) was determined using the criterion DLW technique (TEEDLW) and physical activity energy expenditure (PAEEDLW) was estimated. Subsequently, physical activity assessment methods were validated in a group of children (n=96). PAR-Q was adapted from the adolescent physical activity questionnaire and the physical activity log from the Bouchard activity diary. The youth physical activity compendium was used to calculate PAEE from both PAR-Q (PAEEPAR-Q) and activity log (PAEEPALog). Statistical analysis included Spearman’s correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman analyses.
Results: Mean age of the study sample was 12.0 ± 0.8 years where the greater proportion were males (51.9%, n=41). PAEEPAR-Q and PAEEPALog were significantly correlated with the PAEEDLW (r=0.63 and r=0.49, p < 0.05). PAR-Q and activity log underestimated PAEE by 304.2 ± 1223.8 kJ/day and 375.3 ± 1087.4 kJ/day, respectively. Using Bland-Altman analysis, the majority of data points were within the limits of agreement in both PAR-Q and activity log.
Conclusion: PAR-Q is a valid tool for predicting PAEE in Sri Lankan children whereas the physical activity log was not. Researchers and practitioners can confidently use the PAR-Q to assess physical activity in this population, with potential applications in various research and intervention settings.
Tree nutrition and productivity changes in mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) based agrisilvicultural system in humid tropical India
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Kunhamu T. K. , Tiwari Anjali
Published: March 2024

The study was carried out in a six-year-old mahogany plantation that was established at Mala, Kerala, India during 2009 at a spacing of 2.5 x 2.5 meters. The trial was laid out in a split plot design during June 2014 with fertilizer levels as main plots and intercrops as sub plots in three replications and trial repeated for two consecutive years (2014-2016). The various N, P, K fertilizer combinations were viz. F1- 0:0:0; F2- 50:25:25; F3- 100:50:50 and F4- 150:75:75 kg ha-1 yr-1 N, P2O5 and K2O. Tree growth in terms of height, diameter, basal area and volume showed significant increase with increase in fertilizer levels. The volume production was the highest under the highest fertilizer regimes (F4) (105.28 m3 ha-1) which was almost 135 per cent higher as compare to unfertilized control plot (F1: 44.84 m3 ha-1). This clearly indicated that nutrient supplementation at younger ages can bring substantial increase in tree productivity for mahogany. Yet another observation was the greater complementarity between the mahogany trees and the herbaceous intercrops. The positive influence of fertilizer on the tree growth was reflected on the intercrop yield as well. The yield reduction in mahogany intercropped plots was found compensated by tree fertilization. In brief, the study revealed the rationale for tree fertilization at younger stages of mahogany growth which may be desirable for the enhancing the productivity of the intercrops.
Which Surrogate Insulin Resistance Indices Best Predict Coronary artery disease? a machine learning approach
Authors: Mirjalili Seyed Reza , Soltani Sepideh , Meybodi Zahra Heidari , Marques-Vidal Pedro , Firouzabadi Danial Dehghani , Eshraghi Reza , Restrepo David , Ghoshooni Hamed , Sarebanhassanabadi Mohammadtaghi
Published: March 2024

Background
Various surrogate markers of insulin resistance have been developed, capable of predicting coronary artery disease (CAD) without the need to detect serum insulin. For accurate prediction, they depend only on glucose and lipid profiles, as well as anthropometric features. However, there is still no agreement on the most suitable one for predicting CAD.
Methods
We followed a cohort of 2,000 individuals, ranging in age from 20 to 74, for a duration of 9.9 years. We utilized multivariate Cox proportional hazard models to investigate the association between TyG-index, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, TG/HDL, plus METS-IR and the occurrence of CAD. The receiver operating curve (ROC) was employed to compare the predictive efficacy of these indices and their corresponding cutoff values for predicting CAD. We also used three distinct embedded feature selection methods: LASSO, Random Forest feature selection, and the Boruta algorithm, to evaluate and compare surrogate markers of insulin resistance in predicting CAD. In addition, we utilized the ceteris paribus profile on the Random Forest model to illustrate how the model's predictive performance is affected by variations in individual surrogate markers, while keeping all other factors consistent in a diagram.
Results
The TyG-index was the only surrogate marker of insulin resistance that demonstrated an association with CAD in fully adjusted model (HR: 2.54, CI: 1.34–4.81). The association was more prominent in females. Moreover, it demonstrated the highest area under the ROC curve (0.67 [0.63–0.7]) in comparison to other surrogate indices for insulin resistance. All feature selection approaches concur that the TyG-index is the most reliable surrogate insulin resistance marker for predicting CAD. Based on the Ceteris paribus profile of Random Forest the predictive ability of the TyG-index increased steadily after 9 with a positive slope, without any decline or leveling off.
Conclusion
Due to the simplicity of assessing the TyG-index with routine biochemical assays and given that the TyG-index was the most effective surrogate insulin resistance index for predicting CAD based on our results, it seems suitable for inclusion in future CAD prevention strategies.
S-DrivingRecords: Blockchain based Enhancing Trust and Transparency in Driving Records Using Hyperledger Fabric
Authors: Amin Ruhul
Published: March 2024

The escalating growth in population has led to a substantial increase in both private and public transportation on roads. Consequently, the surge in accidents, traffic rule violations, and other traffic-related offenses has become a daily concern. Addressing these issues is crucial for ensuring the safety of passengers and enhancing transparency in driver recruitment, especially when considering violations that may have occurred abroad. This paper introduces S-DrivingRecords, focusing on pivotal functionalities such as the registration of cases related to traffic rule violations or accidents, case withdrawal, and the sharing of driver history with external Decentralized Applications (DApps). The system facilitates case registration through a dedicated traffic DApp, enabling drivers to share their records with other entities, be they companies or individuals. This feature allows individuals to conduct thorough checks on a driver's history before making decisions such as hiring or booking. The implementation employs Hyperledger Fabric as a distributed ledger to ensure the security of data, while the use of Hyperledger Cacti facilitates seamless collaboration with different systems.
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Jujube Cultivars in the United States Revealed by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers
Authors: Sapkota Dikshya , Zhang Dapeng , Park Sunchung , Meinhardt Lyndel W. , Lozada Dennis N. , Steiner Robert , Yao Shengrui
Published: March 2024

The nutritional and medicinal significance of jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) has led to persistent efforts in genomics to accelerate the utilization of its germplasm resources. However, the absence of accurate genetic identity of existing germplasm limits these studies. In the United States, different names were frequently given to the same jujube cultivars because the pedigrees of the imported germplasm are unclear. The present study selected a panel of 147 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers distributed across the jujube genome to examine genetic identity, genetic diversity, and population structure in 177 jujube cultivars sampled from different locations in the United States. SNP profile multilocus matching reported a total of 23 synonymous groups including 116 samples that were identical to at least one other sample. This led to the detection of 74 unique genotypes for subsequent diversity analysis. Model-based genetic structure analysis divided the distinctive genotypes into three major groups, with some admixtures among the groups. The genetic differentiation among these groups was further validated by analysis of molecular variance (Fst = 0.199, P value < 0.001), principal coordinate analysis, and clustering analysis. Morphological traits were studied in some of the genetically identical commercial cultivar groups, (i.e., Li, Lang, and Jinsi). Results demonstrated significant morphological differences within genetically identical cultivars in the Jinsi group, indicating phenotypic variation resulting from mutations in these clones.
Seasonal subsurface water quality variation of physiochemical and bacteriological characteristics in Kamutwa-Kigali, Rwanda
Authors: Bazambanza Alexis , Bavumiragira Jean Pierre , Kananira Theoneste , Ndayisenga Jean de Dieu
Published: March 2024

The study was conducted to assess subsurface water quality on a seasonal basis in dry (January–February and June–August) and rainy (March and October–December) seasons. Samples were collected in the rainy and dry seasons of the year 2022. The results of this study were compared with global drinking water guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO) to understand its status in terms of threshold levels of pollution and protect public health. Total hardness (TH), pH, alkalinity, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), nitrate, sulfate, heavy metals (Zn, Mn, and Fe), fecal, and total coliforms were examined, and the water quality index (WQI) was calculated to assess the level of water contamination. The results indicated that during the rainy season, all physiochemical parameters gradually increased and the values were well within the permissible limit as prescribed by the WHO. The bacteriological test showed that there were no fecal coliform (FC) and total coliform (TC) in all trials performed, and the calculated WQI showed excellent water quality characteristics, thus proving fit for human consumption.
Liposomes: An Emerging Strategy for the Effective Treatment of
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Vani  , Kriplani Priyanka , Dhingra Ashwani , Chopra Bhawna , Singh Grewal Ajmer , Deswal Geeta , Dass Rameshwar , Guarve Kumar
Published: March 2024

Background::

A Liposomal delivery system is a novel and distinguishing way of organized
medicine administration. The advancements in liposomal technology allow for controlled
drug distribution to treat rheumatoid arthritis effectively. Liposomes are microscopic lipid-based
vesicles that have shown promise in transporting substances, such as superoxide dismutase, hemoglobin,
erythrocyte interleukin-2, gamma interferon, and smaller compounds.

Objective::

Liposomes are biocompatible, nontoxic, biodegradable, non-immunogenic, and flexible,
with sizes ranging from 0.025 to 2.5 micrometers. LDS is normally employed to distribute
drugs through topical conduits, but fresh investigation has shown that it offers promise for oral, ocular,
and parenteral administration. Our major objective is to gather information about liposomes,
focusing on their applicability in rheumatoid arthritis treatment.

Methods::

In the current review, we have tried to cover the preparation techniques, clinical trials,
patents, marketed formulations, vesicle types, formulations used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and
other ailments, and layered liposomal formulations with improved characteristics.

Conclusion::

Research has established LDS as a biocompatible, sustainable, non-toxic, adaptable
material. Researchers working on LDS technology in rheumatoid arthritis will find this review particularly
useful as it may unclutter novel ways for therapeutic intercessions in treating the disease.
The Correlation between Region-specific Epicardial Adipose Tissue and
Myocardial Ischemia Defined by CT-FFR in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Wang Zheng , Huang Zengfa , Wang Xiang
Published: March 2024

Background::

Epicardial Adipose Tissue (EAT) accumulation is closely associated with the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial
ischemia, plaque vulnerability, and major adverse cardiovascular events.

Objective::

The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between myocardial ischemia defined by computed tomography-derived fractional flow
reserve (CT-FFR) and region-specific EAT in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods::

Between January 2022 and May 2023, 200 T2DM patients were randomly selected from the Department of Endocrinology in The Central Hospital
of Wuhan. These patients were divided into two groups based on myocardial ischemia defined by CT-FFR: myocardial ischemia group (152 cases)
and control group (48 cases). Both groups of patients used a post-treatment workstation to measure the thickness of region-specific EAT. Receiver
operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and binary logistic regression were used to evaluate the correlation between various parameters and
myocardial ischemia.

Results::

Patients in the myocardial ischemia group had significantly higher values of age, male gender, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol,
triglycerides, LDL, HDL, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, EAT thickness in right ventricular wall, left atrioventricular groove,
and superior and inferior interventricular groove. ROC curve analysis results showed that EAT thickness in the left atrioventricular groove had the
largest area under the ROC curve for diagnosing myocardial ischemia (0.837 [95% CI 0.766-0.865]; P < 0.001). Binary logistic regression analysis
showed that EAT thickness in the left atrioventricular groove was an independent risk factor for myocardial ischemia in patients with T2DM (P <
0.05).

Conclusion::

The EAT thickness in the left atrioventricular groove is an independent risk factor for myocardial ischemia in patients with T2DM. Adipose tissue
in the left atrioventricular groove region plays a major role in EAT-mediated CAD.
Ambulance Services Attendance for Mental Health and Overdose Before and During COVID-19 in Canada and the United Kingdom: Interrupted Time Series Study
Authors: Law Graham , Cooper Rhiannon , Pirrie Melissa , Ferron Richard , McLeod Brent , Spaight Robert , Siriwardena A Niroshan , Agarwal Gina ,   UK Canada Emergency Calls Data Analysis and GEospatial Mapping (EDGE) Consortium
Published: March 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic impacted mental health and health care systems worldwide.

Objective

This study examined the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on ambulance attendances for mental health and overdose, comparing similar regions in the United Kingdom and Canada that implemented different public health measures.

Methods

An interrupted time series study of ambulance attendances was conducted for mental health and overdose in the United Kingdom (East Midlands region) and Canada (Hamilton and Niagara regions). Data were obtained from 182,497 ambulance attendance records for the study period of December 29, 2019, to August 1, 2020. Negative binomial regressions modeled the count of attendances per week per 100,000 population in the weeks leading up to the lockdown, the week the lockdown was initiated, and the weeks following the lockdown. Stratified analyses were conducted by sex and age.

Results

Ambulance attendances for mental health and overdose had very small week-over-week increases prior to lockdown (United Kingdom: incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.002, 95% CI 1.002-1.003 for mental health). However, substantial changes were observed at the time of lockdown; while there was a statistically significant drop in the rate of overdose attendances in the study regions of both countries (United Kingdom: IRR 0.573, 95% CI 0.518-0.635 and Canada: IRR 0.743, 95% CI 0.602-0.917), the rate of mental health attendances increased in the UK region only (United Kingdom: IRR 1.125, 95% CI 1.031-1.227 and Canada: IRR 0.922, 95% CI 0.794-1.071). Different trends were observed based on sex and age categories within and between study regions.

Conclusions

The observed changes in ambulance attendances for mental health and overdose at the time of lockdown differed between the UK and Canada study regions. These results may inform future pandemic planning and further research on the public health measures that may explain observed regional differences.
Using Social Vulnerability Indices to Predict Priority Areas for Prevention of Sudden Unexpected Infant Death in Cook County, IL: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Riggins Daniel P , Zhang Huiyuan , Trick William E
Published: March 2024

Background

The incidence of sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) in the United States has persisted at roughly the same level since the mid-2000s, despite intensive prevention efforts around safe sleep. Disparities in outcomes across racial and socioeconomic lines also persist. These disparities are reflected in the spatial distribution of cases across neighborhoods. Strategies for prevention should be targeted precisely in space and time to further reduce SUID and correct disparities.

Objective

We sought to aid neighborhood-level prevention efforts by characterizing communities where SUID occurred in Cook County, IL, from 2015 to 2019 and predicting where it would occur in 2021‐2025 using a semiautomated, reproducible workflow based on open-source software and data.

Methods

This cross-sectional retrospective study queried geocoded medical examiner data from 2015‐2019 to identify SUID cases in Cook County, IL, and aggregated them to “communities” as the unit of analysis. We compared demographic factors in communities affected by SUID versus those unaffected using Wilcoxon rank sum statistical testing. We used social vulnerability indicators from 2014 to train a negative binomial prediction model for SUID case counts in each given community for 2015‐2019. We applied indicators from 2020 to the trained model to make predictions for 2021‐2025.

Results

Validation of our query of medical examiner data produced 325 finalized cases with a sensitivity of 95% (95% CI 93%‐97%) and a specificity of 98% (95% CI 94%‐100%). Case counts at the community level ranged from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 17. A map of SUID case counts showed clusters of communities in the south and west regions of the county. All communities with the highest case counts were located within Chicago city limits. Communities affected by SUID exhibited lower median proportions of non-Hispanic White residents at 17% versus 60% (P<.001) and higher median proportions of non-Hispanic Black residents at 32% versus 3% (P<.001). Our predictive model showed moderate accuracy when assessed on the training data (Nagelkerke R2=70.2% and RMSE=17.49). It predicted Austin (17 cases), Englewood (14 cases), Auburn Gresham (12 cases), Chicago Lawn (12 cases), and South Shore (11 cases) would have the largest case counts between 2021 and 2025.

Conclusions

Sharp racial and socioeconomic disparities in SUID incidence persisted within Cook County from 2015 to 2019. Our predictive model and maps identify precise regions within the county for local health departments to target for intervention. Other jurisdictions can adapt our coding workflows and data sources to predict which of their own communities will be most affected by SUID.
Psychostimulant Medications for Physical Function and Spasticity in Children With Cerebral Palsy: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Alotaibi Mansour , Almutairi Anwar B , Alhirsan Saleh , Alkazemi Afrah , Alharbi Maha , Alrashdi Naif , Taqi Ahmad , Alamiri Bibi , Vogtle Laura , Alqahtani Mohammed M
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a prevalent nonprogressive disorder that leads to impaired movement (ie, spasticity), posture, and balance, which affects functions such as walking and upper extremity tasks. Current medical treatments show efficacy in improving motor performance but have considerable side effects. Emerging off-label use of central nervous system (CNS) medications for improving motor performance has shown promising results in children with CP and other populations.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to describe a protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) to examine the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of methylphenidate (MPH) and modafinil on spasticity and motor performance in children with CP.

METHODS

This will be a protocol study for a pilot, triple-masked, placebo-controlled RCT (a class I trial following the American Academy of Neurology criteria) with blinded patients, outcome assessors, and intervention delivery team. Eligible children should be diagnosed with CP levels I or II based on the Gross Motor Function Classification System and be aged between 7 and 12 years. Thirty-six children with CP will be randomized into 3 groups to receive (1) MPH (2.5 mg of MPH + 100 mg placebo), (2) modafinil (100 mg modafinil + 2.5 mg placebo), or (3) a placebo (2.5 mg placebo + 100 mg placebo), in addition to physical therapy for 12 weeks. Primary outcomes include the Gross Motor Function Measure–66 and the Modified Ashworth Scale. Secondary outcomes include the Timed Up and Go test, 5 Time Sit to Stand test, Modified Clinical Test for Sensory Interaction of Balance, and 10-Meter Walk Test.

RESULTS

The protocol has been accepted by Kuwait University (VDR/EC-225) and the Ministry of Health of Kuwait (2022/2157). The inclusion of participants will start in June 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

The combination of CNS stimulant medications and controlling for rehabilitation has not been studied yet. The findings of this study may determine if using CNS stimulant medications is beneficial for the reduction of spasticity and improvement of physical function in children with spastic CP.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05675098; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05675098

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/53728
Strengthening Responsive Feeding Practices: A Mobile Health Application for the Responsive Feeding Practices Assessment Tool (mRFPAT) (Preprint)
Authors: Pallewaththa Prabhath , Sooriyathilaka Janith , Agampodi Thilini , Agampodi Suneth , Siribaddana Sisira , Manfra Louis
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Caregivers play a crucial part in early childhood development. Responsive feeding is an essential aspect of nutrition promotion in early childhood. It has been proven that responsive feeding fosters a strong attachment with the child and enhances their health and development. According to the literature, this feeding method is not highly focused in low- and middle-income countries. An assessment tool for responsive feeding practices focusing on infants has been developed and validated in Sri Lanka.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aims to discuss the developed mobile health application (mRFPAT) for the currently published responsive feeding practices assessment tool in Sri Lanka.

METHODS

The hybrid mobile application development platform served as the foundation for creating this mHealth application, and it supports Android and IOS operating systems. NoSQL was used to build the database and implement it using the cloud. The application back end was designed using the java programming language. The mRFPAT can be downloaded through the given link: https://www.mediafire.com/file/z5qib8t4thd4k8v/RFPAT_app_v1.2.1.apk/file
The app downloading process and procedures for app use can be viewed at, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OrOaKHuDGNQ

RESULTS

This app has three stages: proactive preparation of the feeding context, attentiveness to the child’s signals and appropriate feeding, and responsive communication. At the end of the questions, the app users are directed to a blog of various helpful resources on responsive feeding, and caregivers can change their infant’s feeding behavior based on the given backing information.

CONCLUSIONS

In conclusion, a mobile version of the responsive feeding assessment tool was introduced to promote nutrition among infants and young children. Interventions can be planned to promote the health and development of infants and young children using the developed mobile app. However, it is better to verify the effectiveness of this mRFPAT for improving nutrition among children as an innovative intervention.
Building mutually beneficial collaborations between Digital Navigators, mental health professionals and clients: Naturalistic observational case study (Preprint)
Authors: Gorban Carla S , McKenna Sarah , Chong Min K , Capon William , Battisti Robert , Crowley Alison , Whitwell Bradley , Ottavio Antonia , Scott Elizabeth M , Hickie Ian B , Iorfino Frank
Published: March 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Despite the efficacy of digital mental health technologies (DMHTs) in clinical trials, low uptake and poor engagement is common in real-world settings. Accordingly, digital technology experts or “Digital Navigators” are increasingly being used to enhance engagement and shared decision-making between health professionals and clients. Yet this area is relatively underexplored and there is a lack of data from naturalistic settings. In this paper we report observational findings from the implementation of a Digital Navigator in a multidisciplinary mental health clinic in Sydney, Australia. The Digital Navigator supported clients and health professionals to use a measurement-based DMHT, (the Innowell platform) for improved multidimensional outcome assessment and to guide personalized decision-making. Observational data is reported from implementation logs, platform usage statistics, and response rates to Digital Navigator e-mails and phone calls. Ultimately, support from the Digital Navigator led to improved data collection and clearer communications about goals for using the DMHT to track client outcomes, however this required strong partnerships between health professionals, digital navigator, and clients. The Digital Navigator helped to facilitate the integration of DMHT in to care, rather than providing a stand-alone service. Thus, collaborations between health professionals and Digital Navigators are mutually beneficial and empower clients to be more engaged in their own care.
Implementasi Kebijakan SDGs Pemerintah Daerah dalam Mengelola Ketahanan Pangan pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 (Studi Kasus Desa Pandak, Kec. Baturaden, Kab. Banyumas)
Authors: Darmawan Arief Bakhtiar
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini berusaha mengamati kondisi ketahanan pangan di Desa Pandak, Kecamatan Baturaden, Kabupaten Banyumas, pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Peneliti juga berupaya menganalisis bagaimana pemerintah desa mengelola ketahanan pangan yang menjadi tujuan kedua dalam tujuan Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Desa. Pandemi Covid-19 telah membuat pemerintah kesulitan dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan memenuhi target-target SDGs Desa. Strategi pemerintah desa dianalisis menggunakan model strategi Geoff Mulgan melalui poin-poin sistematis yang saling berkaitan, yaitu tujuan dan arah, lingkungan, tindakan, serta pembelajaran.Penulis menggunakan metode pendekatan campuran dengan pengambilan data kualitatif (wawancara dan focus group discussion) dan data kuantitatif (kuesioner). Teknik pengumpulan data kualitatif dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam kepada perangkat Desa Pandak, sementara teknik focus group discussion menghadirkan beberapa pemangku kebijakan yang terkait dengan desa dan SDGs. Teknik pengumpulan data kuantitatif untuk menilai ketahanan pangan menggunakan kuesioner Household Food Security (HFS), sementara untuk keragaman pangan menggunakan kuesioner Dietary Diversity Score (DDS).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi Desa Pandak dalam mengelola ketahanan pangan belum sepenuhnya optimal. Pemerintah Desa Pandak telah menunjukkan strategi yang tepat dalam menempatkan tujuan dan arah, mengelola lingkungan, serta melakukan berbagai tindakan. Namun, dari sisi pembelajaran, penulis menemukan bahwa Desa Pandak masih perlu peningkatan pendapatan keluarga, edukasi perbaikan gizi, serta sosialisasi pola asuh yang sehat dalam isu ketahanan pangan.
Uso del simulador virtual PhET como herramienta para el aprendizaje a distancia de las matemáticas
Authors: Ávila Gutiérrez Diana Graciela
Published: March 2024

En el presente artículo, se describe el uso del simulador virtual PhET, como herramienta de apoyo para el aprendizaje de las matemáticas, con estudiantes de los módulos Fundamentos de Álgebra y Matemáticas Elementales del Bachillerato Virtual a Distancia de la Universidad Virtual del Estado de Guanajuato. Este simulador se utilizó en los módulos de febrero, marzo, abril y mayo durante las sesiones de asesoría virtual realizadas vía Meet, con los alumnos que voluntariamente solicitaron sesiones sincrónicas para mejorar la comprensión del contenido académico del aula virtual. Fueron en promedio tres alumnos por módulo. Los estudiantes manifestaron verbalmente gran satisfacción al aumentar su entendimiento de conceptos que consideraban abstractos y difíciles de comprender, lo que atribuyeron a que el simulador les facilitó la visualización concreta de conceptos abstractos, comprensión que se reflejó en una mejora de sus calificaciones y la entrega al 100% de sus evidencias de aprendizaje.
Aliados en el aprendizaje: el rol de la familia en la educación a distancia
Authors: Montaño Reyes Patricia del Carmen , Loretto Castillo Tsereth Zubayda
Published: March 2024

La educación a distancia se ha vuelto una opción viable y ventajosa para muchos estudiantes y familias, ya que permite la inclusión de aquellos con necesidades especiales, supera barreras geográficas y económicas, ofrece un entorno seguro y fomenta la autonomía y autorregulación en el aprendizaje. A partir del testimonio de 13 familias de estudiantes de bachillerato a distancia, es posible concluir que este modelo educativo, representado por diversas universidades, ha demostrado ser efectivo en la formación integral de los estudiantes, por su flexibilidad para combinar estudios con otras actividades, como el trabajo o el deporte. El apoyo de plataformas tecnológicas, tutores/profesores especializados y familia es crucial para garantizar el éxito académico en este contexto.
Perspectivas del estudio de la consciencia: aproximación desde las ciencias de la complejidad y la biología evolutiva
Authors: Martínez García Sergio Javier
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: presentar los avances y problemas vigentes del estudio de la consciencia con el fin de discutir las ventajas de un programa de investigación centrado en ella, definido por la biología evolutiva y las ciencias de la complejidad.Diseño metodológico: se realizó una revisión de la literatura científica de los estudios de la consciencia. La revisión se centró en mostrar los hallazgos y limitaciones conceptuales y metodológicas. Posterior a eso, se realizó un análisis de los métodos de las ciencias de la complejidad y la biología evolutiva para discutir sus alcances en el estudio de la consciencia.Resultados: se presenta el desarrollo comparativo de diferentes teorías actuales sobre la consciencia, entre ellas: la Teoría de la integración de la información y la Teoría del área de trabajo global. También se presenta un esquema de trabajo con los métodos de las ciencias de la complejidad y se sugiere a la biología evolutiva como un marco para la interpretación de los resultados.Limitaciones de la investigación: la falta de consenso en la definición dificulta la integración de los datos empíricos en una teoría general de la consciencia.Hallazgos: se argumenta a favor de seis puntos necesarios para el programa de investigación de la biología evolutiva y de la complejidad. Los puntos son: el análisis funcional adaptativo de la consciencia, la emergencia de estructuras modulares, las novedades evolutivas, la correspondencia genética de las capacidades cognitivas, el efecto del medio y la causalidad recíproca.
A Review on Superfood: Nutrients Rich Foods-Superfoods
Authors: Singh Yogita
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Superfoods are foods rich in nutrients. They are high in nutrients and low in calories. Antioxidants, found in superfoods, are thought to help prevent cancer. They also include phytochemicals, which are the compounds in plants that give them their vibrant colours and scents and may offer a variety of health benefits. Blueberries, pomegranates, tomatoes, flaxseeds, tea, and other foods are superfoods. Superfoods are everywhere. There are over 100 superfoods known.
Sign Language Recognition System
Authors: Sukhadan Prof. K. K. , Bakhade Vaishnavi D. , Thakare Gauri S. , Dhanbhar Komal G. , Deshmukh Aboli C.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Sign language serves as a primary mode of communication for the Deaf and hard-of-hearing community. This paper presents a Sign Language Recognition System (SLRS) designed to facilitate seamless communication between individuals proficient in sign language and those who may not share this proficiency. The system employs a multi-faceted approach, integrating computer vision, machine learning, and signal processing techniques to accurately interpret and recognize sign language gestures. The methodology involves data collection from diverse signing styles, preprocessing to enhance data quality, feature extraction capturing key aspects of sign language expressions, and the selection and training of machine learning models. The system aims to represent sign language gestures effectively, providing a foundation for real-time recognition. Integration into hardware or software platforms ensures practical applications in various settings, including education, employment, and public spaces.
Gamification and academic ability impact on students' meta-cognition and critical thinking skills
Authors: Abbassyakhrin A. , Setyosari Punaji , Zubaidah Siti , Sulton S.
Published: March 2024

In educational settings, the metacognitive skills and critical thinking abilities of students often show room for improvement. This research aims to find out the influence of gamification methods and academic ability on metacognitive skills and critical thinking ability of high school students in Biology subjects. The independent variable in this research is the application of the Gamification method and a different method, namely the Synchronous-asynchronous method. The moderator variable is the difference in students' academic ability. The dependent variables are metacognitive and critical thinking skills. The instrument used to collect data is a test question developed to measure metacognitive and critical thinking skills. The study comprised two distinct stages. Firstly, the Dick & Carey development steps were used for development research. Secondly, a quasi-experiment was conducted using a 2x2 factorial design with 62 students divided into two groups. The research data was analyzed using the MANOVA statistical analysis technique. Based on the research results, it can be recommended that the Gamification learning method needs to be applied in the classroom with attention to the student's academic abilities.
The Effect of Mathematics Pedagogical Content Knowledge on Early Childhood Teachers' Mathematical Interaction: Focusing on the Moderating Effect of Teaching Creativity
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Bo Qiwen , Kim Jihyun
Published: March 2024

Objectives In this study, it was verified whether the moderating effect of teaching creativity on the effect of early childhood teachers' play teaching efficacy and mathematics pedagogical content knowledge on mathematical interaction was significant.
Methods For this purpose, 300 nursery class teachers working at daycare centers and kindergartens in the metropolitan area were selected. As a measuring tool for the mathematical interaction of early childhood teachers, Kim and Kwon (2022)'s tools and early childhood teachers' mathematics subject pedagogical knowledge tool developed by Hong and Jeong (2012) were used to find out mathematics pedagogical content knowledge. In order to measure teaching creativity, the ‘teacher's creative teaching-learning test tool’ developed by Cropley (2004) was modified and adapted by Baek and Kim (2008) and validated and verified. For data analysis, frequency, percentage, average, reliability analysis, partial correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis for moderating effect analysis, and moderating effect analysis were conducted using the SPSS 22.0 program. At this time, a hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted after injecting the status of tenure and training, career, number of times of use of study materials, and the number of homeroom teachers as control variables.
Results The effect of mathematics pedagogical content knowledge on the mathematical interaction of early childhood teachers was regulated by teaching creativity.
Conclusions This study found that the early childhood teacher's teaching creativity plays a role in regulating the effect of mathematics pedagogical content knowledge on mathematical interaction, and thus the role of teaching creativity is important in the variables that affect mathematical interaction. Therefore, it was revealed that educational and institutional support for improving teaching creativity is needed first.
Media Literacy for Shared Reality: Different Discourses of the Project “Media Literacy and Information Literacy Classes in Educational Institutions of the Eastern Border Regions of Latvia”
Authors:   University of Latvia, Ardava-Āboliņa Laura
Published: March 2024

The current global direction of thinking in the field of media literacy and information literacy aims towards the fact that media literacy in society begins with the promotion of media literacy in the audiences of children and young people. The article is dedicated to various aspects of the project “Media literacy and information literacy classes in educational institutions of the eastern border regions of Latvia” of the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Latvia, – a study of value to the Latvian society, implemented in the autumn of 2022 by the teaching staff and researchers of the Department of Communication Studies, the Faculty of Social Sciences of the University of Latvia. In the current complex geopolitical situation, the project initiative is highly topical, focused and purposeful, because the attitude towards the Russia’s war in Ukraine at the eastern border of Latvia is ambiguous amongst different audiences, even within the audience of pupils. The voluminous, content-rich presentation reached almost 1 000 pupils of 21 schools along the eastern border of Latvia.
Russian Journalists in Latvia Impacted by the Russian Invasion of Ukraine
Authors:   University of Latvia, Cepliša Aija
Published: March 2024

The aim of the research is to analyse the experience of Russian journalists who moved to Latvia after 24 February 2022, when Russia started a full-scale armed invasion of Ukraine, and who have since been living and working in Latvia. The theoretical framework of the work is based on three chapters, which examine the aspects of media accountability and influence, freedom of the press, and the work of journalists in exile. The qualitative research has been carried out, using a narrative analysis. Data was obtained with the help of semi-structured interviews. The respondents were found with the snowball sampling method. In the period from 23 March to 20 April 2023, ten semi-structured interviews with Russian journalists who have moved to Latvia after 24 February 2022, when Russia started a full-scale armed invasion of Ukraine, were obtained. The interviews particularly explored their motivation to move to Latvia, their working and living conditions in Latvia, and their opinion about the future of Russia. The results show that Russian journalists could not stay in Russia due to security reasons, and all the journalists reveal that it was their individual decision to move. They evaluate their work in Latvia as safe, but at the same time challenging, because they are no longer able to access local information of their former country, thus gradually distancing them from Russia. Examining these difficulties, the narrative analysis reveals that Russian journalists are concerned about their future life in Latvia, because they have not been issued residence permits or work visas. One narrative condemns NEPLP (National Electronic Mass Media Council of Latvia) action in cancelling the license of the TV channel “Dozhd” (TV Rain). The journalists do not see a quick end to the war started by Russia in Ukraine and are pessimistic about Russia’s future development.
Translators and Translation in the Public Sphere in Latvia in the 21st Century
Authors:   University of Latvia, Kronbergs Tālivaldis
Published: March 2024

Translated fiction has had a special place in the Latvian book publishing since its beginnings in the 16th century. It has not changed even in the 21st century. High-quality translation and publishing of fiction is still unthinkable without enterprising and responsible publishers, which attract highly qualified translators. However, due to the Internet and social media, in the 21st century in Latvia the translators themselves more and more frequently gain recognition in the public sphere. Without the mediation of publishing houses, translators communicate with readers both on the Internet and at various events, – these communications frequently include the issues related to translation (translation quality, new words in translations, training of new translators, etc.). In other words, translators are playing an increasingly prominent role in the book publishing cycle. The research revealed an abundant range of activities related to translators and translation, confirming the important role thereof not only in the book publishing, but also in Latvian cultural life.
Strategic Communication and Its Application in Public Administration in Latvia
Authors:   University of Latvia, Latkovska Inga
Published: March 2024

Strategic communication research has received increased attention during the last 10–15 years, predominantly viewing the it as an interdisciplinary concept and employing various theoretical concepts as a basis for research – communication and media theories, organizational and management theories, as well as sociological and political science theories. Strategic communication is still used in different senses and meanings, however, most frequently it is applied as a synonym for purposeful management of the communication process in general, or management of specific communication disciplines. The most important aspect in this is being purposeful and tied to the strategic goals of the organization. Public sector organizations manage, lead and ensure the functionality of the public sector and provide services to citizens, including supplying the information process. In the tense situation of today, strategic communication is especially important for public administration in the context of ensuring national security. Latvia has a relatively good experience in this regard due to “The National Concept on Strategic Communication and Security of the Information Space 2023–2027” approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Latvia in early 2023. The concept has been approved, but, of course, it is impossible to fully implement the concept in less than a year. Nevertheless, the Department of the Strategic Communication Coordination of the State Chancellery is actively working to make strategic communication an understandable, valued and professionally performed public administration function.
Analysis of Latvian Celebrity Communication and Charity Concerts during the Fatigue Phase of the War in Ukraine (February–April 2023)
Authors:   University of Latvia, Meldere Aloiza
Published: March 2024

The aim of the current paper is to explore how concerts function as tools for communication and mobilization during the phase of war fatigue, and how the involved celebrities promote public engagement to facilitate fundraising and collection of donations. The theoretical framework is based on the concepts of social proof, ritual theory, and the term “war fatigue”. The empirical part consists of qualitative content analysis, examining the content of celebrities’ accounts in social media platforms such as Instagram and Twitter. Additionally, a survey was conducted, along with a partially structured interview with Ralfs Eilands, and an open observation was also carried out. The research concludes that concerts are effective mobilization tools during the phase of war fatigue. People’s interaction with war-related news decreases during the period of war fatigue, and celebrities tend to make posts primarily during event times, followed by a rapid decrease in communication afterwards.
Percepción de matrones tutores clínicos sobre atención a población migrante. Una mirada desde el nivel primario de salud.
Authors: Rojas Camila Isadora , Demarchi-Delgado Ornella , Fabres-Vergara Javiera
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: explorar la percepción de las matronas y los matrones tutores clínicos de atención abierta sobre la asistencia a la población migrante, en el contexto de sus labores de docencia a estudiantes de Obstetricia y Puericultura de la Universidad de Chile, durante su ejercicio académico y profesional.
Método: estudio cualitativo exploratorio basado en el paradigma fenomenológico descriptivo. Se realizaron catorce entrevistas semiestructuradas a matronas y matrones de tres Cesfam de la zona sur de la Región Metropolitana de Santiago. Previo a la recolección de datos, se hizo una validación de la entrevista por cinco expertos. Los datos se analizaron con la técnica descriptiva, definiendo cinco dimensiones -principalmente- apriorísticas.
Resultados: los resultados fueron agrupados en las dimensiones de cultura, fortalezas, debilidades, competencias y estrategias. Los entrevistados coincidieron al señalar que la barrera idiomática es la mayor debilidad en la atención a migrantes. Mencionaron también que se acentúa la necesidad de tiempo para la atención docente en esta situación, incrementándose con la población que no maneja el español.
Conclusiones: la percepción de matronas y matrones tutores clínicos sobre la atención a población migrante se centró en varias dimensiones. Esta atención puede verse afectada por las diferencias culturales y las barreras idiomáticas. Sin embargo, reconocen como fortaleza el poder brindar una atención de calidad, sin distinguir a extranjeros de chilenos. De los estudiantes destacan sus habilidades blandas. Además, señalan la necesidad de tener una formación en docencia, y mayor tiempo. Debido a la situación migratoria en Chile, es importante seguir estudiando este tema.
Major modes of climate variability dominate nonlinear Antarctic ice-sheet elevation changes 2002-2020
Authors: King Matt A , Christoffersen Poul
Published: March 2024

We explore the links between elevation variability of the Antarctic Ice
Sheet (AIS) and large-scale climate modes. Using multiple linear
regression, we quantify the cumulative effects of El Nino Southern
Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) on gridded AIS
elevations. Cumulative ENSO and SAM explain a median of 29% of the
partial variance and up to 85% in some coastal areas. After spatial
smoothing, these signals have high spatial correlation with those from
GRACE gravimetry (r~=0.65 each). Much of the signal is
removed by a model of firn densification but inter-model differences
exist especially for ENSO. At the lower parts of the Thwaites and Pine
Island glaciers, near their grounding line, we find the Amundsen Sea Low
(ASL) explains ~90% of the observed elevation
variability. There, firn effects explain only a small fraction of the
variability, suggesting significant height changes have a climatological
ice-dynamic response.