bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the translation process for multilingual implementation research studies: a collaborative autoethnography
Authors: Haldane Victoria , Li Betty Peiyi , Ge Shiliang , Huang Jason Zekun , Huang Hongyu , Sadutshang Losang , Zhang Zhitong , Pasang Pande , Hu Jun , Wei Xiaolin
Published: May 2022

Introduction

In an increasingly globalised and interconnected world, evidence to evaluate complex interventions may be generated in multiple languages. However, despite its influence in shaping the evidence base, there is little literature explicitly connecting the translation process to the goals and processes of implementation research. This study aims to explore the processes and experience of an international implementation research team conducting a process evaluation of a complex intervention in Tibet Autonomous Region, China.

Methods

This study uses a collaborative autoethnographic approach to explore the translation process from Chinese or Tibetan to English of key stakeholder interview transcripts. In this approach, multiple researchers and translators contributed their reflections, and conducted joint analysis through dialogue, reflection and with consideration of multiple perspectives. Seven researchers involved with the translation process contributed their perspectives through in-depth interviews or written reflections and jointly analysed the resulting data.

Results

We describe the translation process, synthesise key challenges including developing a ‘voice’ and tone as a translator, conveying the depth of idioms across languages, and distance from the study context. We further offer lessons learnt including the importance of word banks with unified translations of words and phrases created iteratively during the translation process, the need to collaborate between translators and the introspective work necessary for translators to explore their positionality and reflexivity during the work. We then offer a summary of these learnings for other implementation research teams.

Conclusion

Our findings emphasise that in order to ensure rigour in their work, implementation research teams using qualitative data should make concerted effort to consider both the translation process as well as its outcomes. Given the numerous multinational or multilingual implementation research studies using qualitative methods, there is a need for further consideration and reflection on the translation process.
Risk factors associated with COVID-19 severity among patients on maintenance haemodialysis: a retrospective multicentre cross-sectional study in the UK
Authors: Selvaskandan Haresh , Hull Katherine L , Adenwalla Sherna , Ahmed Safa , Cusu Maria-Cristina , Graham-Brown Matthew , Gray Laura , Hall Matt , Hamer Rizwan , Kanbar Ammar , Kanji Hemali , Lambie Mark , Lee Han Sean , Mahdi Khalid , Major Rupert , Medcalf James F , Natarajan Sushiladevi , Oseya Boavojuvie , Stringer Stephanie , Tabinor Matthew , Burton James
Published: May 2022

Objectives

To assess the applicability of risk factors for severe COVID-19 defined in the general population for patients on haemodialysis.

Setting

A retrospective cross-sectional study performed across thirty four haemodialysis units in midlands of the UK.

Participants

All 274 patients on maintenance haemodialysis who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on PCR testing between March and August 2020, in participating haemodialysis centres.

Exposure

The utility of obesity, diabetes status, ethnicity, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and socioeconomic deprivation scores were investigated as risk factors for severe COVID-19.

Main outcomes and measures

Severe COVID-19, defined as requiring supplemental oxygen or respiratory support, or a C reactive protein of ≥75 mg/dL (RECOVERY trial definitions), and its association with obesity, diabetes status, ethnicity, CCI, and socioeconomic deprivation.

Results

63.5% (174/274 patients) developed severe disease. Socioeconomic deprivation associated with severity, being most pronounced between the most and least deprived quartiles (OR 2.81, 95% CI 1.22 to 6.47, p=0.015), after adjusting for age, sex and ethnicity. There was no association between obesity, diabetes status, ethnicity or CCI with COVID-19 severity. We found no evidence of temporal evolution of cases (p=0.209) or clustering that would impact our findings.

Conclusion

The incidence of severe COVID-19 is high among patients on haemodialysis; this cohort should be considered high risk. There was strong evidence of an association between socioeconomic deprivation and COVID-19 severity. Other risk factors that apply to the general population may not apply to this cohort.
Do people with symptoms of an infectious illness follow advice to stay at home? Evidence from a series of cross-sectional surveys about presenteeism in the UK
Authors: Rubin G James , Smith Louise E , Amlot Richard , Fear Nicola T , Potts Henry , Michie Susan
Published: May 2022

Objectives

To assess the percentage of people in the UK with cough, fever or loss of taste or smell who have not had a positive COVID-19 test result who had been to work, to shops, socialised or provided care to a vulnerable person in the 10 days after developing symptoms. To investigate whether these rates differed according to the type of symptom, what the participant thought the cause of their symptoms was and whether they had taken a COVID-19 test.

Design

Four online cross-sectional surveys using non-probability quota sampling method (n=8547).

Setting

Data were collected across the UK from 20 September to 3 November 2021, via a market research company.

Participants

Aged over 16 years living in the UK.

Primary outcome measures

Out-of-home activity.

Results

498 participants reported one or more symptoms and had not had a positive COVID-19 test result. Within that group, about half of employed participants had attended work while symptomatic (51.2%–56.3% depending on the symptom, 95% CIs 42.2% to 65.6%). Rates of other contact behaviours ranged from 31.4% (caring for a vulnerable person after developing a cough: 95% CI 24.3% to 38.4%) to 61.5% (shopping for groceries or pharmacy after developing a cough: 95% CI 54.1% to 68.9%). There were no differences according to type of symptom experienced or what the participant felt might be the cause. People who had taken a COVID-19 test were less likely to go out shopping for non-essentials than people who had not taken a test.

Conclusion

Many people in the UK with symptoms of an infectious disease were not following government advice to stay at home if they believed they had an infectious illness. Reducing these rates may require a shift in our national attitude to the acceptability of people attending work with infectious illnesses.
Lifejacket wear and the associated factors among boaters involved in occupational boating activities on Lake Albert, Uganda: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Oporia Frederick , Nuwaha Fred , Kibira Simon P S , Kobusingye Olive , Makumbi Fredrick Edward , Nakafeero Mary , Ssenyonga Ronald , Isunju John Bosco , Jagnoor Jagnoor
Published: May 2022

Background

Drowning death rates in lakeside fishing communities in Uganda are the highest recorded globally. Over 95% of people who drowned from a boating activity in Uganda were not wearing a lifejacket. This study describes the prevalence of lifejacket wear and associated factors among boaters involved in occupational boating activities on Lake Albert, Uganda.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional survey, grounded on etic epistemology and a positivist ontological paradigm. We interviewed 1343 boaters across 18 landing sites on Lake Albert, Uganda. Lifejacket wear was assessed through observation as boaters disembarked from their boats and self-reported wear for those who ‘always wore a life jacket while on the lake’. We used a mixed-effects multilevel Poisson regression, with landing site-specific random intercepts to elicit associations with lifejacket wear. We report adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) at 95% confidence intervals.

Results

The majority of respondents were male, 99.6% (1338/1343), and the largest proportion, 38.4% (516/1343) was aged 20–29 years. Observed lifejacket wear was 0.7% (10/1343). However, self-reported wear was 31.9% (428/1343). Tertiary-level education (adjusted PR 1.57, 95% CI 1.29- 1.91), boat occupancy of at least four people (adjusted PR 2.12, 95% CI 1.28 - 3.52), big boat size (adjusted PR 1.55, 95% CI 1.13 - 2.12) and attending a lifejacket-use training session (adjusted PR 1.25, 95% CI 1.01 - 1.56) were associated with higher prevalence of self-reported lifejacket wear. Self-reported wear was lower among the 30–39 year-olds compared to those who were aged less than 20 years (adjusted PR 0.66, 95% CI 0.45 - 0.99).

Conclusion

Lifejacket wear was low. Training on lifejacket use may improve wear among boaters involved in occupational boating activities on Lake Albert.
Molecular classification of endometrial carcinoma: a clinically oriented review
Authors: Loukovaara Mikko , Pasanen Annukka , Bützow Ralf
Published: May 2022

The Cancer Genome Atlas research network performed a genome-wide analysis of endometrial carcinomas in 2013 and classified tumours into four distinct subgroups: polymerase-ϵ ultramutated, microsatellite unstable hypermutated, copy-number low and copy-number high. These molecular alterations are mostly mutually exclusive as only about 3% of tumours exhibit more than one molecular signature. Apart from the polymerase-ϵ ultramutated subgroup, molecular classification can be reproduced by using surrogate markers. This has facilitated the implementation of molecular diagnostics into routine patient care. Molecular subgroups are associated with different prognoses; thus, improved risk assessment is their most obvious clinical application. However, based on their unique molecular architectures, molecular subgroups should not be regarded simply as risk groups but rather as distinct diseases. This has prompted us and others to examine the role of molecular subgroups in modifying the prognostic effect of traditional risk factors, including clinical factors, uterine factors and tissue biomarkers, and in predicting the response to adjuvant therapies. In the following review, we summarise the current knowledge of molecularly classified endometrial carcinoma and present, based on our own experience, a proposal for implementing molecular classification into daily practice in pathology laboratories.
Serum Levels of IL-37 and Correlation with Inflammatory Cytokines and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Rafiei Ali , Ahmadi Reza , Kazemian Shakiba , Rahimzadeh-Fallah Tina , Mohammad-Rezaei Mina , Azadegan-Dehkordi Fatemeh , Sanami Samira , Mirzaei Yousef , Aghaei Farzad , Bagheri Nader
Published: May 2022

Coronary artery disease (CAD) due to atherosclerosis is one of the important reasons for death worldwide. Recent evidence has suggested the essential role of inflammation in the progression of atherosclerosis. Interleukin (IL)-37 is a critical anti-inflammatory member of the IL-1 family which regulates the inflammatory processes. The aim of this study was to compare the serum levels of IL-37 in patients with CAD compared with the control group and its correlation with oxidative stress, cholesterol homeostasis, and inflammation in patients with CAD. A total of 42 patients with CAD and 42 sex-matched and age- matched controls who underwent coronary angiography were included in this study. The serum levels of IL-37 were evaluated via ELISA. Serum levels of biochemical risk factors were determined by enzymatic methods. Serum levels of IL-37 in the CAD group subjects were significantly lower than in the control group and IL-37 was significantly increased in men with CAD than in women with CAD. IL-37 significantly had an inverse correlation with IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-32, high-sensitivity C reactive protein, oxidized low-density lipoprotein, and malondialdehyde. Also, IL-37 had a significantly positive correlation with ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. In addition, IL-37 has positively correlated with ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 and G1 gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and serum levels of the FRAP. A receiver operating characteristic test displayed that IL-37 level ratios were a relatively significant CAD predictor. Our results indicated that decreased serum levels of IL-37 in patients with CAD and its relationship with inflammatory cytokines and reverse cholesterol transport genes are more likely to be associated in the inflammatory process with disease pathology.
Analysis of lignins using 31P benchtop NMR spectroscopy: quantitative assessment of substructures and comparison to high-field NMR
Authors: Araneda Juan F. , Burton Ian W. , Paleologou Michael , Riegel Susanne D. , Leclerc Matthew C.
Published: May 2022

Lignin is quickly emerging as a biomass-derived source for the production of some crucial organic chemistry building blocks, typically obtained from unsustainable and non-renewable petroleum feedstocks. As a complex polymer, lignin characterization is often challenging due to its random structure and multitudes of different repeating substructures. Over the last 20 years, advances in our understanding and processing of lignin, as well as important work on its characterization using 31P NMR, have led to numerous publications highlighting the many potential uses of this material. With the emergence of high-resolution benchtop NMR instruments, these types of analyses can now be accessed by many laboratories and industries that have historically not been able to take advantage of NMR due to cost or size constraints. Herein, we demonstrate that benchtop NMR is a viable technique for the 31P NMR analysis of lignin and compare our results to those obtained on a traditional high-field instrument.
Uncovering the history of cosmic inflation from anomalies in cosmic microwave background spectra
Authors: Braglia Matteo , Chen Xingang , Hazra Dhiraj Kumar
Published: May 2022

We propose an inflationary primordial feature model that can explain both the large and small-scale anomalies in the currently measured cosmic microwave background anisotropy spectra, revealing a clip of adventurous history of the Universe during its primordial epoch. Although the model is currently statistically indistinguishable from the Standard Model, we show that planned observations such as the Simons Observatory, LiteBIRD and CMB-S4 will complement each other in distinguishing the model differences due to their accurate E-mode polarization measurements, offering very optimistic prospects for a detection or exclusion. The model predicts a signal of classical primordial standard clock, which can also be used to distinguish the inflation and alternative scenarios in a model-independent fashion.
Numerov and phase-integral methods for charmonium
Authors: Esposito Giampiero , Santorelli Pietro
Published: May 2022

This paper applies the Numerov and phase-integral methods to the stationary Schrödinger equation that studies bound states of charm anti-charm quarks. The former is a numerical method well suited for a matrix form of the second-order ordinary differential equations, and can be applied whenever the stationary states admit a Taylor-series expansion. The latter is an analytic method that provides, in principle, even exact solutions of the stationary Schrödinger equation, and well suited for applying matched asymptotic expansions and higher-order quantization conditions. The Numerov method is found to be always in agreement with the early results of Eichten et al., whereas an original evaluation of the phase-integral quantization condition clarifies under which conditions the previous results in the literature on higher-order terms can be obtained.
Lane Detection Based on Multi-Frame Image Input
Authors: Fan Chao , Chen Fangfang , Song Yupei
Published: May 2022

Lane detection is one of the difficulties in implementing an advanced driving assistance system. In this paper, we show that the existing single frame-based algorithm suffers from the problem of unsatisfied detection result, which is directly caused by some extremely poor road environments (such as severe shadow occlusion and severe fading). To solve the problem, this paper proposes a multi-lane detection method based on the improved U-SegNet model. In order to get better feature extraction results, the number of network layers of the U-SegNet model is deepened, and a many-to-many structure is also proposed to improve the recognition rate of the algorithm. During the training stage, continuous multiple frames are input into the RNN module to get the feature maps for feature learning and prediction. The proposed method is tested on Caltech lane marking dataset, the results show that the proposed algorithm has good robustness and real-time performance, the multi-lane marking can be better detected under most complex road conditions, and the average detecting accuracy can achieve 96.95%.
An Empirical Study of Factors Influencing the Intention to Use Robo-Advisors
Authors: Kwon Donghwan , Jeong Pilwon , Chung Doohee
Published: May 2022

Artificial intelligence-based investment services (robo-advisors) are becoming increasingly commercialized. Robo-advisors are expected to expand further due to the enhancement of accessibility to investment for general investors through customized portfolio selection and automated transactions established upon the artificial intelligence-based algorithm. This study comprehensively investigates factors that influence acceptance intention of and resistance to robo-advisors using a combined model of technology acceptance model and innovation resistance model. The model was examined through conducting a choice-based conjoint analysis of 158 users with investment experience and age ranging from 20s to 60s. The independent variables of the research for robo-advisors are transparency, customization, social presence, and user control. The effects of the independent variables on acceptance intention and innovation resistance are analyzed, respectively, through mediator variables of perceived usefulness, perceived complexity, and perceived safety. This study indicates the fundamental factors for the promotion of the domestic robo-advisor market based on the analysis of further advanced overseas robo-advisor markets. The significance of this study derives from providing implications on the direction of development for companies or financial institutions in the sphere of robo-advisors.
Exchange Rate Effect on the Household Consumption in BRICST Countries: Evidence from MATNARDL Model
Authors: Derindag Omer Faruk , Chang Bisharat Hussain , Gohar Raheel , Salman Asma
Published: May 2022

Various empirical methodologies have examined the relationship between exchange rate and household consumption expenditures. However, traditional methods fail to analyze the exchange rate effect on consumption across minor and major currency depreciation and appreciations. We attempt to extend the existing literature by examining the impact of minor and major currency appreciation and depreciation on household consumption expenditures in BRICST countries, including Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa and Turkey. We use an extended version of the nonlinear ARDL (NARDL) and multiple threshold nonlinear ARDL model called the multiple asymmetric ARDL (MATNARDL) model. Our estimates, based on the traditional NARDL model, indicate that the asymmetric effect is found in the context of India and China only. However, the MATNARDL estimates suggest that, in the long run, the asymmetric effect is found for all the sample countries except India whereas, in the short run, the asymmetric effect is found for all the sample countries except Turkey. Finally, this study recommends the policy implications based on the results obtained in this study.
Big Winners and Small Losers of Zero-rating
Authors: Bayat Niloofar , Ma Richard T. B. , Misra Vishal , Rubenstein Dan
Published: May 2022

An objective of network neutrality is to design regulations for the Internet and ensure that it remains a public, open platform where innovations can thrive. While there is broad agreement that preserving the content quality of service falls under the purview of net neutrality, the role of differential pricing, especially the practice of
zero-rating
, remains controversial. Zero-rating refers to the practice of providing free Internet access to some users under certain conditions, which usually concurs with differentiation among users or content providers. Even though some countries (India, Canada) have banned zero-rating, others have either taken no stance or explicitly allowed it (South Africa, Kenya, U.S.).

In this article, we model zero-rating between Internet service providers and content providers (CPs) to better understand the conditions under which offering zero-rating is preferred, and who gains in utility. We develop a formulation in which providers’ incomes vary, from low-income startups to high-income incumbents, where their decisions to zero-rate are a variation of the traditional prisoner’s dilemma game. We find that if zero-rating is permitted, low-income CPs often lose utility, whereas high-income CPs often gain utility. We also study the competitiveness of the CP markets via the
Herfindahl Index
. Our findings suggest that in most cases the introduction of zero-rating
reduces
competitiveness.
Tactile Texture Display Combining Vibrotactile and Electrostatic-friction Stimuli: Substantial Effects on Realism and Moderate Effects on Behavioral Responses
Authors: Otake Kazuya , Okamoto Shogo , Akiyama Yasuhiro , Yamada Yoji
Published: May 2022

There is increasing demand for tactile feedback functions for touch panels. We investigated whether virtual roughness texture quality can be improved through simultaneous use of vibrotactile and electrostatic-friction stimuli. This conjunctive use is expected to improve the perceptual quality of texture stimuli, because vibrotactile and electrostatic-friction stimuli have complementary characteristics. Our previous studies confirmed that these conjunct stimuli yield enhanced realism for simple grating roughness. In this study, we conducted experiments using simple and complex sinusoidal surface profiles consisting of one or two spatial wave components. Three different evaluation criteria were employed. The first criterion concerned the subjective realism, i.e., similarity with actual roughness textures, of virtual roughness textures. Participants compared the following three stimulus conditions: vibrotactile stimuli only, electrostatic-friction stimuli only, and their conjunct stimuli. The conjunct stimuli yielded the greatest realism. The second criterion concerned roughness texture identification under each of the three stimulus conditions for five different roughness textures. The highest identification accuracy rate was achieved under the conjunct stimulus condition; however, the performance difference was marginal. The third criterion concerned the discrimination threshold of the grating-scale spatial wavelength. There were no marked differences among the results for the three conditions. The findings of this study will improve virtual texture quality for touch-panel-type surface tactile displays.
Repurposed major urinary protein pheromones and adult sensory neurons: roles in neuron plasticity and experimental diabetes
Authors: Poitras Trevor , Singh Vandana , Piragasam Ramanaguru S. , Wang Xiuling , Mannaa Atef M. , Chandrasekhar Ambika , Martinez Jose , Fahlman Richard , Zochodne Douglas W.
Published: May 2022

New molecular mechanisms are important to unravel and understand diabetic polyneuropathy, a disorder prevalent in over half of persons with diabetes mellitus (DM). MUPs, members of the lipocalin family of molecules, have an unexpected impact on the plasticity of sensory neurons that are targeted in type 1 experimental diabetic neuropathy. This work explores this potential target in neuropathy in the context of the lipocalin family of molecules.
Influence of carnosine and carnosinase-1 on diabetes-induced afferent arteriole vasodilation: implications for glomerular hemodynamics
Authors: Rodriguez-Niño Angelica , Pastene Diego O. , Hettler Steffen A. , Qiu Jiedong , Albrecht Thomas , Vajpayee Srishti , Perciaccante Rossana , Gretz Norbert , Bakker Stephan J. L. , Krämer Bernhard K. , Yard Benito A. , van den Born Jacob
Published: May 2022

Dysregulation in glomerular hemodynamics favors hyperfiltration in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Although carnosine supplementation ameliorates features of DKD, its effect on glomerular vasoregulation is not known. We assessed the influence of carnosine and carnosinase-1 (CN1) on afferent glomerular arteriole vasodilation and its association with glomerular size, hypertrophy, and nephrin expression in diabetic BTBR ob/ob mice. Our results provide evidence that carnosine feeding and CN1 overexpression likely affect intraglomerular pressure through vasoregulation of the afferent arteriole.
Single cell versus single nucleus: transcriptome differences in the murine kidney after ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Gaedcke Svenja , Sinning Julius , Dittrich-Breiholz Oliver , Haller Hermann , Soerensen-Zender Inga , Liao Chieh Ming , Nordlohne Alexandra , Sen Payel , von Vietinghoff Sibylle , DeLuca David S. , Schmitt Roland
Published: May 2022

Single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing technologies provide powerful new tools to examine complex tissues such as the kidney. This research reference paper provides practical information on the differences between the two technologies when examining murine kidneys after ischemia-reperfusion injury. The results will serve those who are debating which protocols to use in their given study.
A Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Deployment of Sensor Nodes in WSN Network
Authors: Liang Jie , Wang Lu , Ji Qingchang
Published: May 2022

In order to solve the problems of security hidden dangers in the process of node location due to the characteristics of limited resources, open deployment, and being unattended in wireless sensor networks, this paper proposes a mainstream location algorithm combined with the current WSN node. By reducing the error in network positioning, the wireless sensor network positioning technology is put into practical benefits, and the WSN emitter positioning based on node resources and limited capacity is realized. Some positioning technologies are applied to emitter positioning, and some meaningful results are obtained. Aiming at the problems existing in the positioning algorithm of the main nodes in the wireless sensor network, the power consumption and positioning accuracy of the positioning technology are deeply studied to reduce the positioning error. Experiments show that when nodes are sent to different states, the number of nodes 150 remains the same, the communication radius is the same, the environment output is the same, and the number of bones in the network can be changed. After many simulation experiments, both algorithms can see the positioning result curve of the positioning program affected by the anchor node part.
Quantitative Morphology of Polder Landscape Based on SOM Identification Model: Case Study of Typical Polders in the South of Yangtze River
Authors: Li Zhe , Lu XinYi , Han Xiao , Wang LiYa , Tang XiaoJian , Lin XiaoShan
Published: May 2022

Landscape morphology is a significant area of landscape architecture research. One of the scientific and technological issues in recent landscape morphology research is the use of quantitative analysis technology driven by morphology indexes and computational models to describe, compare, and analyze form features. This article focuses on the form features of the polder landscape, based on existing theoretical and practical achievements in landscape morphology. First, we choose five landscape morphology indexes based on the morphological constituent units of the landscape (elongation, rectangular compactness, concavity, ellipse compactness, and fractal dimension). Then, using the self-organizing map (SOM), we create an identification model for clustering the types of constituent units. The experimental results show that the identification model can classify polder morphology and analyze the distribution of units using typical polders in the Yangtze River’s south bank as study cases. This article presents a technical approach to polder landscape morphology classification as well as a reference and developable quantitative analysis method for landscape morphology research.
Design and Implementation of 3D Animation Data Processing Development Platform Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Gao Quansheng
Published: May 2022

Based on the whole process of computer-aided technology, a 3D animation data processing development platform based on artificial intelligence is designed and implemented. A random forest model for animation data processing and development is designed to mine the experience that can guide animation generation from the accumulated animation data. Based on the design goal and implementation principle of animation data processing and development platform, the attributes and categories of random forest model are abstracted. After standardizing a large number of historical data, the training sample set is obtained, and the random forest model is obtained after training. The parameters of the random forest model are continuously optimized by experiments, so that the learning model can better guide the dynamic animation data processing and development platform to generate animation to the satisfaction of users. The designed three-dimensional animation data processing and development platform interacts with the animation generation module, users, and system administrators. It can continuously receive the sample data of the animation generation module, automatically expand the number of training samples, analyze the status of the sample database, and put forward suggestions to the system administrator to update the learning model, so as to realize the initiative of learning. The experimental results show that the designed 3D animation data processing and development platform is effective and feasible.
Successful Treatment of Concomitant Pleural Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma and Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance with Lenalidomide, Rituximab, and Dexamethasone
Authors: Uemura Yoshiki , Maeda Risa , Saegusa Hiroyoshi
Published: May 2022

Concomitant plasma cell and B cell neoplasms in a single patient have been infrequently reported. It is known that the prognosis of these patients is worse than that of patients with single-disease onset. Generally, the chemotherapy specific for each disease is provided sequentially. It has been suggested that the specific chemotherapy for lymphoma could lead to the occurrence of refractory multiple myeloma (MM). We present a case with the concomitant occurrence of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). MGUS does not usually require aggressive treatment. However, the potential adverse effects of MGUS on the treatment course of the B cell lymphoma were concerning. Therefore, we explored a new therapeutic approach that is simultaneously effective against both diseases. Combination therapy of lenalidomide (LEN) and rituximab (RIT) gained indication for follicular lymphoma and MALT lymphoma recently. LEN is also a key drug in MM treatment. Both diseases in our patient were effectively treated with the combination of LEN, RIT, and dexamethasone. With this combination therapy, we expect a prognostic improvement in concomitant MM and B cell lymphoma cases.
FGSR: A Fine-Grained Ship Retrieval Dataset and Method in Smart Cities
Authors: Xian Yunting , Xian Jin , Lu Lu , Tang Ji
Published: May 2022

Ship reidentification is an important part of water transportation systems in smart cities. Existing ship reidentification methods lack a large-scale fine-grained ship retrieval dataset in the wild and existing ship recognition solutions mainly focus on the ship target identification rather than the fine-grained ship reidentification. Furthermore, previous ship target identification systems are usually based on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image, automatic identification system (AIS) data, or video streaming, which is confronted with expensive deployment costs, such as the installation cost of SAR and AIS, and the communication and storage overhead. Indeed, ship reidentification benefits for traffic monitoring, navigation safety, vessel tracking, etc. To address these problems, we propose a new large-scale fine-grained ship retrieval dataset (named FGSR) that consists of 30,000 images of 1000 ships captured in the wild. Besides, to tackle the difficulty of spatial-temporal inconsistency in ship identification in the wild, we design a multioriented ship reidentification network named FGSR-Net that consists of three modules to address different crucial problems. The pyramid fusion module was aimed at addressing the problem of variant size and shape of ship targets, the occlusion modules attempt to detect the unchangeable area of ship images, while the multibranch identity module generates discriminative feature representation for ship targets from different orientations. Experimental evaluations on FGSR dataset show the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed FGSR-Net. The mean average precision of ship reidentification is around 92.4%, and our FGSR-Net proposed method only takes 3 seconds to give the retrieval results from 30,000 images.
Secondary Metabolism Gene Diversity and Cocultivation toward Isolation and Identification of Potent Bioactive Compounds Producing Bacterial Strains from Thailand’s Natural Resources
Authors: Phonghanpot Suranat , Jarintanan Faongchat
Published: May 2022

Thailand was proposed to be rich unexplored source of microorganisms, especially bacterial strains. There should be bacteria with high secondary metabolite production potential in the natural resources that are still unidentified. Moreover, they might not produce secondary metabolites in standard laboratory culture condition after isolation, in which coculture condition would help us pursuing the bacteria to produce bioactive metabolites. Here, we aimed to identify new bacterial strains with high secondary metabolite production potential from Thailand’s natural resources. To achieve the goal, we performed bacteria isolation, phylogenetic analysis, degenerate PCR of secondary metabolism genes, cocultivation, antibacterial analysis, and HPLC chemical profiling. We isolated distinct 40 bacterial strains, which have over 98% 16S rRNA sequence similarity with known species. There were 22, 31, and 29 strains giving positive PCR amplification of NRPS, PKS, and TPS genes, respectively. Among them, Bacillus licheniformis RSUCC0101 had the highest number of PCR products, 26. In standard single culture condition, crude extracts prepared from Bacillus safensis RSUCC0021 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RSUCC0282 could inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923. Furthermore, the cocultivation and HPLC analyses showed that the extracts prepared from 3 pairs of culture between Staphylococcus sp. RSUCC0020, Micrococcus luteus RSUCC0053, Staphylococcus sp. RSUCC0087, and Staphylococcus pasteuri RSUCC0090 could inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 and produced distinct chemical profiles from their single culture condition. Our study led to the isolation and identification of several promising bacterial strains for production of secondary metabolites that might be useful in biomedical applications.
Exploration and Research on Smart Sports Classrooms in Colleges in the Information Age
Authors: Zhang Yongmao , Zhao Hua , Peng Dan
Published: May 2022

Smart classrooms, made possible by the growing use of Internet information technology in the sphere of education, as one of the important foundations for the realization of smart education, have become the current hot direction of the development of educational information innovation and intend to propose some ideas and directions for smart sports teaching research in IA colleges and universities. The smart classroom is an intelligent and efficient classroom created by the “Internet +” way of thinking and the new generation of information technologies such as big data and cloud computing. This article puts forward the exploratory research methods of smart sports classrooms in colleges and universities in the IA, methods, such as document retrieval, expert interviews, questionnaire surveys, and practical research, and field investigation method, which are used in the exploration and research of college smart sports classrooms in the IA experiment. According to the findings of this study, 96.34 percent of students have a positive attitude toward the smart sports classroom teaching model, which is favorable to the growth of smart sports classroom teaching.
Myricetin Induces Apoptosis and Protective Autophagy through Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Ji Anlai , Hu Lili , Ma Ding , Qiang Guanghui , Yan Dongliang , Zhang Guang , Jiang Chunping
Published: May 2022

Myricetin, a natural flavonoid, exhibits diverse biological activities, including antitumor effects. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of myricetin on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results showed that myricetin significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in HCC cells. The apoptosis induced by myricetin was associated with the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In addition, autophagy was enhanced in response to ER stress. Inhibition of autophagy by RNA interference or chemical inhibitors resulted in increased apoptosis in myricetin-treated HCC cells. The in vivo experiment also showed that myricetin effectively reduced tumor growth in an HCC xenograft model and that combination treatment with an autophagy inhibitor significantly enhanced this effect. These results indicated that myricetin induced apoptosis in HCC cells through the activation of ER stress. Protective autophagy was also upregulated during this process. Simultaneous inhibition of autophagy enhanced the anti-HCC activity of myricetin. Myricetin might be a promising drug candidate for HCC therapy, and the combined use of myricetin with autophagy inhibitors could be an effective therapeutic strategy.
Effects of Different Tillage Measures on Soil Temperature and Humidity and Photosynthetic Capacity of Soybean
Authors: Wang Mengxue , Li Duo , Zhang Mingcong , Fu Chenye , Jin Xijun , Zhang Yuxian , Huang Binglin , Ren Chunyuan
Published: May 2022

In this study, we investigated the effects of different tillage measures on soil environment and soybean yield. We chose a combination of eight tillage treatments using Heihe 43 as the test variety in order to correlate the yield with tillage practices. Our study design involved tilling and rototilling as primary treatments in combination with the following secondary treatment methods: advance deep loosening, advance cultivation, conventional deep loosening, and conventional cultivation. We investigated the effects of the above tillage treatments on soil physicochemical properties and soil biological activity. We also analyzed how tillage treatments impacted the morphology, photosynthetic characteristics, and yield of soybean. Our results indicated that tilling was more beneficial than rototilling in terms of increase in soil water content; the water content at the seedling stage increased from 5.80% to 17.13% in the 0–5 cm soil layer which was subjected to tilling. Under tilling conditions, the Pn, Tr, and Gs values of soybean plants were higher compared to those of soybean cultivated in soil subjected to rototilling. However, Ci values of soybean were higher in rototilled soil. In 2018, we observed an increase in the number of pods and grains per plant in PT1 and PT2 of tilling compared to that of RT1 and RT2 of rototilling. PT1 and PT2 showed a percentage increase of 9.12% and 7.33%, respectively. T1 and T2 both increased the number of pods and grains per plant of soybean under the same tillage conditions, which in turn increased the yield.
Analytical Evaluation of SOA and SCRUM Business Process Management Approaches for IoT-Based Services Development
Authors: Alshammari Fahad H.
Published: May 2022

The SCRUM approach and Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) framework are critical in assessing the factors that influence the efficiency of a business process and ensuring that business objectives are fulfilled, and the process is on track to meet those objectives. Flexibility and change adoption are critical features for both SCRUM and SOA approaches. Even though both sides encourage agility, the integration of the two independent concepts (SOA is the architectural framework while SCRUM is the development process) should be considered before being used in software management and development projects. This study assessed and analyzed both SCRUM and SOA’s diverse and different software architectural frameworks and development methodologies as well as their environment, which is integrated with the context of software project management and development setup for the software development industry. In addition, this study explores the similarities between the SCRUM process model and the SOA architectural framework to see if they are compatible and, if so, how they may be combined to enhance SOA-based projects. This research also looks at how to build and use a SCRUM methodology for large-scale SOA projects. As a result, SCRUM was chosen as the software development methodology for a research and development project based on SOA. In terms of project development and implementation, the complete project structure is made up of eight main parts.
Intussusception in the Setting of an Ulcerative Colitis Flare
Authors: Abed Varag , Faber Alexis , Jageka Cristina , Goleniak Ryan , Fadel Raef
Published: May 2022

Intussusception is an extraordinary cause of acute abdomen in adults and has been defined as the telescoping of a bowel segment into the lumen of an adjacent segment. A 43-year-old female presented to our hospital’s emergency department (ED) with 10+ episodes of bloody diarrhea per day, left-sided abdominal pain, and the inability to tolerate oral intake for one month. She was initially diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC) ten years ago and is currently on mesalamine oral and enema therapy. She presented to our gastroenterology clinic two weeks after the beginning of her flare and was started on prednisone 40 mg daily. This did not improve her symptoms, and she presented to the ED two weeks later. She underwent a computed tomography (CT) abdomen/pelvis which revealed intussusception in the left hemiabdomen with no definite lead point measuring 5.6 cm in the craniocaudal dimension with pneumatosis and no evidence of bowel obstruction. There were no other significant laboratory abnormalities. Acute care surgery was consulted and suggested obtaining a CT enterography for further evaluation which showed spontaneous resolution of intussusception with no evidence of pneumatosis, portal venous gas, or intraperitoneal free air. She reports that following oral contrast intake, she “felt movement and relaxation” in her abdomen with substantial pain relief. Infectious workup was negative, and therapy was initiated with intravenous steroids. In conclusion, intussusception has been very rarely reported in patients with UC with the most common treatment being surgical resection. However, conservative management in the absence of bowel obstruction can be attempted.
Allocation of English Distance Teaching Resources based on Deep Reinforcement Learning and Multi-Objective Optimization
Authors: Cheng Li , Wang Yangzi , Hu Bin , Maia Darchia
Published: May 2022

This work employs deep reinforcement learning and multi-objective optimization algorithms to the allocation of English distance teaching resources in order to increase their allocation efficiency. Moreover, based on the analysis of current regression correction, this paper discusses the algorithm of partition regression correction in depth, and proposes two different neighborhood regression correction algorithms. The proposal of neighborhood further expands the original concept of partition and solves various problems in partition correction. In order to reduce the model complexity of the neighborhood regression algorithm, this paper proposes to solve the problem through structural risk minimization and principal component extraction. The simulation results suggest that the English distance teaching resource allocation approach described in this research, which is based on deep reinforcement learning and multi-objective optimization, may significantly enhance the English distance teaching resource allocation impact.
On the Innovative Work and Development of Library Reader Service in the Era of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Zhang Xinwen
Published: May 2022

With the continuous development of science and technology, the automated management of libraries has been continuously improved in order to better serve readers and improve the work efficiency of library managers. This paper mainly discusses the innovative path of library automation in the new era of artificial intelligence. Combined with the development of our school’s library in recent years, it is discussed to create a new situation of public library service for readers by creating an atmosphere, caring for disadvantaged groups, innovating reader activities, and expanding service content. According to the design idea and implementation process of the ant colony optimization neural network model, we propose a global search strategy—ant colony optimization algorithm—as the learning algorithm of the neural network model for library reader service evaluation.
Stress, Sleep Quality, and Academic Performance among Dental Students in Shiraz, Iran
Authors: Jowkar Zahra , Fattah Zahra , Khorshidi Asl Zahra , Hamidi Seyed Ahmadreza
Published: May 2022

Background. Quality of sleep and stress level can affect the health, capacity of learning, and academic performance of the students. This study aimed to investigate the association between stress and sleep quality with academic performance among undergraduate clinical dental students in Shiraz, Iran. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted during the second semester of the academic year 2020–2021 among clinical dental students at Shiraz Dental School, Iran. A total of 138 students completed Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and dental environment stress (DES) questionnaire. The grade point averages (GPAs) of the previous terms of the participants were also collected. Data analysis was performed using Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, the one-way ANOVA, post hoc Duncan’s test, nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis H test, Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test, and the chi-squared test. The

p

values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results. Clinical dental students participated in this study experienced moderate levels of stress and poor sleep quality. Mean total DES and PSGI scores did not differ by sex, year of study, marital status, and place of residence (

p

values >0.05). Most of the students (52.9%) had moderate GPAs. A significant relationship was observed between sex and GPA as well as between place of residence and GPA (

p

values <0.05). No significant differences were found between DES total score or PSQI score and GPA categories (

p

values >0.05). A significant direct relationship between DES total score and PSQI score was observed (

p
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Dental undergraduates in Shiraz, Iran, experienced moderate levels of stress and poor sleep quality. The results showed no significant difference between sleep quality or DES and academic achievement. However, a significant direct correlation was observed between sleep quality and dental environment stress.