bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Всем нужна буква Ё, или заметки преподавателей русского языка как иностранного
Authors: Chlebda Barbara , Danecka Irena
Published: November 2018

Only a Russian native speaker who has adequate philological knowledge knows when the letter “Ё” should be used. According to an article presented on a website called GRAMOTA.Ru – a portal providing information about linguistic correctness, written by the website’s author, the use of the letter ‘Ё’ is obligatory only in certain cases. This leads to the conclusion that a learner of Russian should master all possible cases in which this letter is not used and know the relevant grammatical and historical justification. We, the teachers of Russian as a foreign language, believe that such an attitude is a sign of an incomprehensible disrespect for one’s own language as well as of a complete misunderstanding of substantial problems facing all students of the Russian language, which completely deserves to be called international.
Eksces i tragizm: „Noc Walpurgii, czyli Kroki Komandora” Wieniedikta Jerofiejewa
Authors: Waligórska-Olejniczak Beata
Published: November 2018

The article presents Venedikt Erofeev’s Walpurgisnacht, or the Steps of theCommander in the context of European transavantgarde, American art (e.g. Andy Warhol’s traumatic realism) and the vital literary concepts of the end of the 20th century. The category of shock is here regarded as a postmodern equivalent of the ancient notion of catharsis. The focus of the artistic reality in Erofeev’s text seems to be on the tragic conflict between life and death and on being in transition, which reveals the real purpose of human existence.
Wasylisa Prekrasnaja i inni w rosyjskiej ludowej bajce magicznej
Authors: Wiatr-Kmieciak Małgorzata , Wiatr Halina
Published: November 2018

The aim of this paper is to emphasize the importance of Russian folkliterature in the form of a fairytale and to show potential difficulties in translation. Folk literature cannot be seen only as a certain form of ordinary people’s artistic voice since it has been developing in parallel with the mainstream literature in Russia. Russian folk fairytale has a specific structure and form which does not exist in any other culture. Like in many other languages and cultures, there are certain names, descriptive adjectivesand other forms that are very challenging for translators. In this paper many examples are provided to support this hypothesis. It is almost impossible to translate certain Russian fairytales without “over-“ or “under-interpreting” the content, and the subject matter itself needs to be thoroughly elaborated.
Board Independence of Listed Companies in the US and China
Authors: Wang Wenge
Published: November 2018

This article explores the board independence of listed companies in the US and China – an ongoing and important issue of corporate governance concerning the true independence of independent directors from management in both countries. It aims to identify what elements have an impact on board independence and examine how these influence the independence of independent directors. Four elements, independence from management; dependence on shareholders; access to information; and incentive to monitor, may have a substantial influence on board independence and align with the in-fact independence of independent directors. This article examines how and why these four elements have an impact on the effectiveness of the role of independent directors in monitoring top management and lead to independent directors failing to be truly independent of management. To support this argument, this article also investigates the efficiency and effectiveness of independent directors serving as a governance mechanism in terms of board independence in Chinese listed companies. The aim was therefore to scrutinise whether independent directors in Chinese listed companies are truly independent from management. Based on statistics calculated on data collected from CSMAR, there appears to be little evidence that independent directors serve as a governance mechanism in monitoring top management in Chinese listed companies, which thus shows that independent directors are not independent in China. The implications arising from this article are that solutions addressing the four elements that have an impact on board independence will enable independent directors to become truly independent.
W-semisymmetric generalized Sasakian-space-forms
Authors: Chaubey Sudhakar Kumar , Yadav Sunil Kumar
Published: November 2018

We set a definition of a{(0,2)}-type tensor on the generalized Sasakian-space-forms. The necessary and sufficient conditions forW-semisymmetric generalized Sasakian-space forms are studied. Certain results of the Ricci solitons, the Killing vector fields and the closed 1-form on the generalized Sasakian-space-forms are derived. We also verify our results by taking non-trivial examples of the generalized Sasakian-space-forms.
The emergence and early utilization of domestic sheep in Xinjiang
Authors: You Yue , Lü Peng , Wang Jianxin , Ma Jian , Ren Meng
Published: November 2018

This paper summarizes current zooarchaeological research on the origin of domestic sheep and early sheep exploitation strategies in Xinjiang. The researchers analyze sheep bones excavated from the Shirenzigou ( 石人子沟, lit. Stone Human Statue Gully) Site using zooarchaeological methods, including using pelvises to identify sex, and confirm that the sheep at Shirenzigou were domesticated sheep. Previous discoveries and archaeological research in Xinjiang provide background for the researchers’ arguments that the main ways ancient people exploited domestic sheep during the Bronze Age to early Iron Age included: consuming and producing meat, wool, hide and milk; using sheep in rituals such as funerary practices; and making bone artifacts out of sheep bones.
On the asymptotic behavior of the dimension of spaces of harmonic functions with polynomial growth
Authors: Huang Xian-Tao
Published: November 2018

Suppose

(

M
n

,
g
)

{(M^{n},g)}

is a Riemannian manifold with nonnegative Ricci curvature, and let

h
d

⁢

(
M
)

{h_{d}(M)}

be the dimension of the space of harmonic functions with polynomial growth of growth order at most d.
Colding and Minicozzi proved that

h
d

⁢

(
M
)

{h_{d}(M)}

is finite.
Later on, there are many researches which give better estimates of

h
d

⁢

(
M
)

{h_{d}(M)}

.
In this paper, we study the behavior of

h
d

⁢

(
M
)

{h_{d}(M)}

when d is large.
More precisely, suppose

(

M
n

,
g
)

{(M^{n},g)}

has maximal volume growth and has a unique tangent cone at infinity. Then when d is sufficiently large, we obtain some estimates of

h
d

⁢

(
M
)

{h_{d}(M)}

in terms of the growth order d, the dimension n and the asymptotic volume ratio

α
=

lim

R
→
∞

⁡

Vol
⁢

(

B
p

⁢

(
R
)

)

R
n

{\alpha=\lim_{R\rightarrow\infty}\frac{\mathrm{Vol}(B_{p}(R))}{R^{n}}}

.
When

α
=

ω
n

{\alpha=\omega_{n}}

, i.e.,

(

M
n

,
g
)

{(M^{n},g)}

is isometric to the Euclidean space, the asymptotic behavior obtained in this paper recovers a well-known asymptotic property of

h
d

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

{h_{d}(\mathbb{R}^{n})}

.
The Arnon bases in the Steenrod algebra
Authors: Turgay Neşet Deniz , Karaca Ismet
Published: November 2018

Let

𝒜
=

𝒜
p

{\mathcal{A}=\mathcal{A}_{p}}

be the

mod

⁢
p

{\mathrm{mod}\,p}

Steenrod algebra, where p is a fixed prime and let

𝒜
′

{\mathcal{A}^{\prime}}

denote the Bockstein-free part of

𝒜

{\mathcal{A}}

at odd primes.
Being a connected graded Hopf algebra,

𝒜

{\mathcal{A}}

has the canonical conjugation χ. Using this map, we introduce a relationship between the X- and Z-bases of

𝒜
′

{\mathcal{A}^{\prime}}

.
We show that these bases restrict to give bases to the well-known sub-Hopf algebras

𝒜
⁢

(

n
-
1

)

{\mathcal{A}(n-1)}

,

n
≥
1

{n\geq 1}

, of

𝒜
′

{\mathcal{A}^{\prime}}

.
Markedness and dominance in the ATR harmony system of Diola-Fogny
Authors: Casali Roderic F.
Published: November 2018

Diola-Fogny is a well-known example of a tongue root harmony language with assimilatory dominance of [+ATR] vowels. Less well known, however, are some asymmetries involving the frequency and distribution of [+ATR] and [-ATR] vowels. In addition to being dominant, [+ATR] vowels are subject to restrictions on their occurrence in certain classes of function words and affixes and occur with far lower overall frequency than [-ATR] vowels. In essence, they pattern like a marked sound class. This paper focuses on some implications of these findings for a theoretical topic of interest: markedness relations involving tongue root features. The Diola-Fogny patterns conform quite well to the expectations of a traditional understanding of featural markedness, which equates the dominant value of a feature with the marked one. They are problematic, however, for a widely assumed view of tongue root markedness relations that treats [-ATR] as universally marked in high vowels. Under this view, marked patterning of all [+ATR] vowels (including high [+ATR] [i], [u]) is unexpected. I show that such patterning is intelligible in a framework in which markedness has a representational basis and in which [+ATR] quality is represented by a privative feature [ATR].
“What Is this Place...?” – Howard Barker’s Spatial Scenography
Authors: Kipp Lara Maleen
Published: November 2018

This article seeks to identify some key scenographic principles that govern contemporary British playwright Howard Barker’s stage spaces. The influence of Barker’s dramatic work is widely recognized and has been the subject of sustained academic study for a number of decades. Despite Barker’s scenographic engagement with his own playwriting since the late 1990 s, the corresponding academic engagement with this aspect of his work remains scant. This article therefore offers the first sustained consideration of Barker’s spatial scenography, engaging in a detailed analysis of select examples of Barker’s drama from the late 1990 s to mid-2000s. It also draws upon archival materials of productions by The Wrestling School company to compare the implicit scenography as evident in the play text to its realization in production. The analysis approaches Barker’s spatial scenography through the lens of aesthetic discourse, with particular focus on the notion of the postmodern sublime as postulated by Lyotard and Johnson, among others, in order to discuss the subject matter in a suitably non-reductive, yet critical manner.
History on the Cusp of Myth: J. T. Rogers’ Oslo
Authors: Soto-Morettini Donna
Published: November 2018

J. T. Rogers’ Oslo has had an extraordinary run for new ‘straight’ drama: sell-out performances both in New York and London, and 7 Tony nominations. But what is it? On the face of it, Oslo is a history play – a carefully imagined reconstruction of secret talks that became the precursor to the Clinton/Arafat/Rabin Camp David meetings that resulted in the 1993 Oslo Accords. The subject and the players have been thoroughly researched by J. T. Rogers, and the play’s reception has been largely celebratory. This perhaps is the result of a play-going public’s appreciation of some intelligence in political debate and no doubt an appreciation of the play’s optimism, despite the ultimate failure of the Accords. This paper looks closely at three questions posed by Rogers’ play: 1) IS it a history play, and if so, how does it apprehend/narrate history? 2) Murray Krieger once said that history is the child of myth that never altogether escapes its parentage – is Oslo, in this sense, an unruly child of myth – not so much a history play, as it is a trans-historical political lesson? 3) If Oslo is NOT a history play, to what end does it employ its very specifically researched context?
Simon Stephens, Birdland, and a Few Affects of Neoliberalization
Authors: Chiasson Basil
Published: November 2018

This article explores the ways theatre might inspire a critique of what is arguably most pressing about contemporary neoliberalization—its operation at the level of subjectivity to reform society. The focus in this is Simon Stephens and his play Birdland (2014). Working from extant scholarship that connects Stephens’s work to neoliberalism, the article locates the playwright and his work in relation to a specific history of neoliberalization in Britain and argues that Birdland is a timely political drama because it hones in on certain features and affects of neoliberalization, doing so in ways that open a space for engaging critically with key problems engendered by contemporary capitalism.
Kinetics of nonisothermal dehydration of unirradiated and γ-ray irradiated neodymium (III) acetate hydrate
Authors: Saleh Noura Mossaed , Mahmoud Ghada Adel , Dahy AbdelRahman AbdelMonem , Soliman Soliman Abdel-Fadeel , Mahfouz Refaat Mohamed
Published: November 2018

Kinetics of dehydration of unirradiated and γ-ray irradiated neodymium (III) acetate hydrate with 103 kGy total γ-ray dose absorbed in air atmosphere were studied by isoconversional nonisothermal method. The dehydration proceeds in two steps with the elimination of 0.8 and 0.4 mol of H2O, respectively. This result indicates that the investigated neodymium (III) acetate hydrate contains 1.2 mol of crystalline water in its structure. The dehydration reactions are best described by nucleation (A
2 model) and gas diffusion (D
4 model) for unirradiated and γ-ray irradiated samples, respectively. Analysis of the kinetic data using linear and nonlinear isoconversional methods showed that the apparent activation energy, Ea
(kJ/mol) is dependent on the conversion degree, α, of the dehydration process. The Ea−α plots for both unirradiated and γ-ray irradiated neodymium (III) acetate hydrate showed that the dehydration is a complex process and contains multistep reactions. The results showed that γ-ray irradiation has a significant effect on the kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of the dehydration reaction. Powder X-ray diffraction showed that neodymium (III) acetate hydrate has a monoclinic system (SG P2/m) and no phase transformation was detected by γ-ray irradiation up to 103 kGy absorbed dose. The system maintains the same crystal structure before and after dehydration.
An HJB approach to a general continuous-time mean-variance stochastic control problem
Authors: Aivaliotis Georgios , Veretennikov A. Yu.
Published: November 2018

A general continuous mean-variance problem is considered for a diffusion controlled process where the reward functional has an integral and a terminal-time component. The problem is transformed into a superposition of a static and a dynamic optimization problem. The value function of the latter can be considered as the solution to a degenerate HJB equation either in the viscosity or in the Sobolev sense (after a regularization) under suitable assumptions and with implications with regards to the optimality of strategies. There is a useful interplay between the two approaches – viscosity and Sobolev.
Enhanced dielectric properties of BaTiO3 ceramics with cerium doping, manganese doping and Ce-Mn co-doping
Authors: Mostafa Myeesha , Rahman Mohammad Jellur , Choudhury Shamima
Published: November 2018

Ba1−xCexTi1−yMnyO3 (where x and y varies from 0.00 to 0.03) ceramic samples are synthesized by conventional solid state reaction technique. The samples are sintered at 1473 K for 4 h. The grain size is observed to increase with increasing dopant and co-dopant concentration. The X-ray diffraction confirmed the cubic phase of these BaTiO3-based ceramics with a small amount of secondary phase. The current density shows a nearly linear relationship with voltage, and the AC resistivity of the samples is observed to decrease with increasing frequency and doping concentration. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss were observed to decrease with frequency in the lower frequency range (0.2–10 kHz), but remained almost the same at the high-frequency region (>10 kHz). Though Ce-doped samples shows better dielectric properties than Mn-doped samples, the Ce-Mn co-doped samples, having improved their dielectric properties, can be used to fabricate different optoelectric devices.
P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and Parkinson’s disease
Authors: He Jianying , Zhong Wenwen , Zhang Ming , Zhang Rongping , Hu Weiyan
Published: November 2018

Parkinson’s disease, the second major neurodegenerative disease, has created a great impact on the elder people. Although the mechanisms underlying Parkinson’s disease are not fully understood, considerable evidence suggests that neuro-inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis are involved in the disease. p38MAPK, an important member of the mitogen-activated protein family, controls several important functions in the cell, suggesting a potential pathogenic role in PD. This review provides a brief description of the role and mechanism of p38MAPK in Parkinson’s disease.
Einstein’s “Clock Hypothesis” and Mössbauer Experiments in a Rotating System
Authors: Kholmetskii Alexander , Yarman Tolga , Yarman Ozan , Arik Metin
Published: November 2018

An extra energy shift between emitted and received radiation on a rotating disc – next to the conventionally recognised second-order Doppler shift – has been revealed in a series of recent Mössbauer experiments, where a radioactive source is fixed at the centre and an absorber is attached to the rim of the rotating disc. This disclosure gives indication to a possible violation of the “clock hypothesis” by Einstein: i.e. the independence of the rate of a clock on its acceleration. At the moment, there seem to be two plausible interpretations of this result: (i) the deviation of the geometry of the rotating disc from that predicted by the general theory of relativity (GTR), or (ii) the existence of a specific maximal acceleration in nature, when transformation between two accelerated frames differs from the corresponding transformation of the relativity theory. We take a closer look at both ways leading to the violation of the clock hypothesis; particularly, by analysing the outcomes of recent experiments in rotating systems and by suggesting a new Mössbauer rotor experiment to determine the most feasible mechanism for testing the dependence of the rate of a clock on its acceleration.
Modeling Type-1 Singleton Fuzzy Logic Systems Using Statistical Parameters in Foundry Temperature Control Application
Authors: Montes-Dorantes Pascual Noradino , Santoyo Adriana Mexicano , Méndez Gerardo Maximiliano
Published: November 2018

This article presents a novel methodology to model a type-1 singleton fuzzy logic system (T1 SFLS) for temperature prediction in a secondary metallurgical process that takes place inside a ladle furnace. The proposal generates approximations using the energy consumed and the time elapsed within the casting process as input data, without using other instruments. It is known that the temperature cannot be verified all the time in the ladle furnace because it is sealed when it is in operation, and when temperature is measured, there is an uncertainty level in the sensor reading that generates predictions of the temperature in the order of 2.5 % out of the real value. The three proposed methodologies for the T1 SFLS forecaster provide a more accurate approximation of the temperature with less than 1 % of uncertainty. The predicted temperature is used in decision making to generate the required chemical composition of the steel and to mark the appropriate times to aggregate the additives in the alloy and achieve the required chemical balance. Compared with the model used by the industry, the results obtained show that the use of the proposed fuzzy model gives the opportunity to increase the quality of the steel by improving the adjustment of the quantities of additives that are lost by oxidation.
High-Fidelity Imaging in Brain-Wide Structural Studies Using Light-Sheet Microscopy
Authors: Müllenbroich M. Caroline , Silvestri Ludovico , Di Giovanna Antonino P. , Mazzamuto Giacomo , Costantini Irene , Sacconi Leonardo , Pavone Francesco S.
Published: November 2018

Light-sheet microscopy (LSM) has proven a useful tool in neuroscience to image whole brains with high frame rates at cellular resolution and, in combination with tissue clearing methods, is often employed to reconstruct the cyto-architecture over the intact mouse brain. Inherently to LSM, however, residual opaque objects, always present to some extent even in extremely well optically cleared samples, cause stripe artifacts, which, in the best case, severely affect image homogeneity and, in the worst case, completely obscure features of interest. Here, demonstrating two example applications in intact optically cleared mouse brains, we report how Bessel beams reduce streaking artifacts and produce high-fidelity structural data for the brain-wide morphology of neuronal and vascular networks. We found that a third of the imaged volume of the brain was affected by strong striated image intensity inhomogeneity and, furthermore, a significant amount of information content lost with Gaussian illumination was accessible when interrogated with Bessel beams. In conclusion, Bessel beams produce high-fidelity structural data of improved image homogeneity and might significantly relax demands placed on the automated tools to count, trace, or segment fluorescent features of interest.
INNOVATIVE-THEMATIC BASED INTEGRATED SCIENCE LEARNING ON NATURAL DIVERSITY THEME TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Pursitasari Indirani Dwi , Nuryanti Siti , Rede Amran
Published: November 2018

Critical thinking skills should be trained and practiced in the learning process. This study aimed to describe the use of Innovative-Thematic Based Integrated Science (ITBIS) Learning Program to improve critical thinking skills of junior high school students in Palu. The study conducted in the 7th grade from one of Palu public schools and one of Palu private schools. Data were collected by observation sheet of learning performance and students activity, also test instrument for measuring students’ critical thinking skills. The data of learning performance and students activity were analyzed quantitatively, whereas the data of critical thinking skills were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result showed that lTBIS learning can be done well either in public school and private school with average 98,03% and 90,20% respectively. ITBIS learning also improve students activity in the learning process. The average of critical thinking skills improvement (N-gain) was 68% (public school) and 63% (private school), and there were no significant differences between both of them. It showed that lTBIS learning can be used to build critical thinking skills of junior high school students.
Los videos educativos como herramienta disruptiva para apoyar el proceso de aprendizaje de algoritmos de resta y multiplicación en estudiantes de segundo grado de primaria
Authors: Velasco Guardias Angélica María , Montiel Bautista Susana , Ramírez García Susana
Published: November 2018

La presente investigación fue realizada en una institución de estudiantes varones para fortalecer la enseñanza de las matemáticas, el tema que se seleccionó fue la competencia de desarrollo de algoritmos de resta y multiplicación por una cifra, para niños de grado segundo, cuyas edades oscilan entre 8 y 9 años, como muestra de estudio se tomaron 24 estudiantes 5 con dificultades de aprendizaje. Es una investigación cuantitativa de tipo experimental. Los instrumentos que se emplearon fueron la observación, dos test de habilidades específicas y una entrevista, los cuales se analizaron desde dos categorías y fueron la base para la investigación: los conceptos trabajados y el uso del video educativo. La pregunta de investigación fue: ¿Qué efectos se evidencian al implementar videos educativos como herramienta disruptiva para apoyar el proceso de aprendizaje de restas y multiplicaciones en los estudiantes de segundo primaria? El objetivo de la investigación era implementar el uso de videos tutoriales como recursos educativos para fortalecer el proceso de enseñanza de restas y multiplicaciones en la población infantil de segundo primaria con dificultades de aprendizaje y sin estas. Los efectos evidenciados con el uso de los videos fueron: incremento en los periodos de atención y concentración, más confianza en la ejecución de nuevos ejercicios, el crecimiento de las habilidades se vio directamente relacionada con la cantidad de veces que se vieron los videos. Los principales hallazgos fueron: la población con trastorno de déficit de atención (TDAH) y dislexia que puede estar acompañada de discalculia se vio beneficiada al observar los videos; en cuanto a la que no presenta dificultades de aprendizaje se determinó que los emplearon como fuente de estudio y consulta.  Este proyecto demuestra que el uso de los videos en la educación ayuda a niños y niñas con dificultades cognitivas y apoya el proceso de estudio de quienes no presentan dificultades. Los videos empleados son de propia autoría y todos se encuentran de forma libre en YouTube.
Actividades de debate en el proceso de aprendizaje. Experiencias e implicancias desde procesos de formación de estudiantes de economía
Authors: Salazar Espinoza Cesar Antonio , Acuña Andrés A.
Published: November 2018

Los cambios en la dinámica que ha tomado la economía nacional y su entorno empresarial exigen una modificación en los modelos educativos y en los métodos de enseñanza desde un proceso de aprendizaje continuo basado en el estudiantado, que permita el desarrollo de competencias genéricas necesarias para el buen desempeño laboral. Este estudio tiene como objetivo diseñar, implementar y sistematizar experiencias de actividades de debate en programas de economía que se encuentran en renovación curricular con un modelo educativo centrado en el estudiantado. Las actividades se llevaron a cabo con estudiantes de economía de la Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales de la Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chile. En el diseño de las actividades, se desarrollan versiones alternativas de debates, donde se consideran variaciones en función de algunas características de los grupos. Asimismo, se señala y discute un conjunto de criterios de evaluación. Del mismo modo, se desarrolla un protocolo donde se estructuran las etapas, los detalles logísticos de la actividad y el uso del equipamiento. Los resultados sugieren que la motivación estudiantil es clave para el éxito de la actividad y propone la definición de los equipos en forma intencionada. Esta experiencia prueba que es posible realizar debates en cursos numerosos, si se definen protocolos alternativos y se entregan los incentivos con base en premios y sanciones en la dirección correcta. Se concluye que, para que los resultados sean los esperados, se requiere que este tipo de actividades se desarrollen de manera sistemática durante todo el proceso de formación. Asimismo, es necesario comprometer la participación activa del personal académico y precisar explícitamente el “debate” como una actividad formal de evaluación en los programas.
Dar voz a los protagonistas: La participación estudiantil en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje
Authors: Hidalgo Nina , Perines Haylen
Published: November 2018

El objetivo principal de este artículo es describir las prácticas pedagógicas y las actitudes que docentes tienen hacia la participación de estudiantes. Para ello, se ha desarrollado un estudio ex post facto descriptivo con 177 docentes pertenecientes a centros de Educación Secundaria de cuatro comunidades autónomas de España.  La investigación se centra en tres aspectos de las prácticas de participación que desarrollan el personal docente: la selección del contenido a enseñar, las estrategias didácticas a llevar a cabo y la evaluación de los aprendizajes. Los resultados apuntan a que estos cuerpos permiten que sus estudiantes participen principalmente en la selección de las estrategias didácticas; pero muy poco en la evaluación o en la selección de los contenidos. Además, entre las tres prácticas de participación analizadas la opción más elegida por el profesorado es informar al alumnado con antelación de lo que se va a realizar. Por otro lado, muy poca cantidad de docentes afirma dar espacio al consenso o a la implicación de estos.
Prácticas que obstaculizan los procesos de transposición didáctica en escuelas asentadas en contextos vulnerables: Desafíos para una transposición didáctica contextualizada
Authors: Beltrán Véliz Juan Carlos , Navarro Aburto Braulio , Peña Troncoso Sebastián
Published: November 2018

Este artículo presenta el siguiente objetivo: Analizar las prácticas que obstaculizan los procesos de trasposición didáctica que desarrolla el profesorado en el aula en escuelas situadas en contextos vulnerables de la comuna de Curacautín de la Araucanía. Para ello, se planteó un diseño cualitativo descriptivo, con base en la teoría fundamentada y método comparativo constante. Los sujetos de estudio fueron 28 docentes de escuelas rurales. Las técnicas de recolección de información fueron la observación etnográfica y la entrevista semiestructurada. Los resultados del estudio indican que dentro de los prácticas que obstaculizan la transposición didáctica se evidencian modelos de planificación de enseñanza rígidos, la estrategia didáctica que se impone en el proceso de enseñanza en el aula es la clase expositiva centrada en el personal docente, con un enfoque vertical. Al mismo tiempo, se visualiza un débil manejo del dominio disciplinar y pedagógico del contenido. El proceso evaluativo, no se centra en la continuidad ni en la mejora del proceso de aprendizaje. Además, se visualiza ausencia de liderazgo pedagógico. Por lo tanto, se concluye que los procesos de transposición didáctica tienen una orientación conductista, y descontextualizada. En tal sentido, se espera de que los grupos docentes rompan con la forma tradicional de enseñanza, para facilitar los procesos de transposición didáctica con base en estrategias y recursos didácticos contextualizados, a fin de mejorar los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje y, por tanto, provocar transformaciones sociales en contextos de vulnerables.
Resiliencia y coevolución neuroambiental
Authors: Carazo Vargas Viviana
Published: November 2018

La resiliencia como constructo social plantea un panorama conceptual confuso y diverso el cual incluye su visualización como cualidad individual, como rasgo colectivo, o como proceso dinámico, entre otros, con el común denominador de la adaptación que se genera ante la vivencia de una situación retadora. En la exploración histórica de los orígenes de este concepto, se evidencia cómo las ciencias sociales han tendido a atribuir la mayor parte de la responsabilidad del proceso adaptativo, al individuo en sí mismo más que a las relaciones que este establece con la multiplicidad de eventos y factores que experimenta a lo largo de su vida. El presente ensayo analiza esta situación y propone la consideración de la resiliencia como un proceso coevolutivo y dinámico de aprendizaje, no solo del individuo sino también del entorno con el cual se encuentra en estrecha coevolución. Se concluye resaltando la importancia de considerar la evidencia neurocientífica actual para analizar la resiliencia como parte de un proceso neurobiológico y coevolutivo que permite la diversidad, la supervivencia de la especie y la exploración y comprensión de la afectación mutua entre los organismo y sus entornos.
El aprendizaje de la noción de objeto según la forma en niños de educación preescolar: Propuesta geometría en movimiento
Authors: Sobalvarro Chavarría Laura Marcela , Camacho Álvarez María Marta
Published: November 2018

Geometría en movimiento es una propuesta producto de una investigación cuyo objetivo principal fue analizar el efecto de la implementación de talleres que involucren juegos dirigidos al desarrollo de habilidades motrices y al aprendizaje de la noción de forma en la población infantil del ciclo de Transición de la Educación Preescolar (Sobalvarro 2015). El enfoque de investigación fue mixto, con predominio cuantitativo. Se aplicó un diseño cuasi experimental, específicamente de diseño inverso. El proceso estuvo organizado por siete momentos, cada uno constituido por una fase, así como una serie de actividades que generaban un producto. Los niños y niñas participantes estaban matriculados en el ciclo de Transición de la Educación Preescolar, del Colegio El Rosario, ubicado en San José, Costa Rica. El estudiantado eran de dos grupos, uno de ellos (constituido por 30 estudiantes) de participó en forma de grupo experimental y el otro (constituido por 31 estudiantes) en forma de grupo control, esta participación se hizo asignando aleatoriamente cada grupo. El tratamiento aplicado al grupo experimental consistió en implementar la propuesta, constituida de 10 talleres en los cuales se desarrollaron de 8 a 10 juegos, que incluían, en cada uno, contenidos motores y de noción de forma y, en momentos previamente determinados por el diseño, se hicieron las mediciones correspondientes. Los resultados demostraron que participantes del grupo experimental obtuvieron un efecto significativo en su aprendizaje en comparación con el grupo control en cuanto al tema de noción de forma. Se concluye que aprender noción de forma por medio de la propuesta Geometría en movimiento genera un aprendizaje mayor en comparación con una metodología en la que el movimiento no es el eje transversal.
The dark side of internet: Preliminary evidence for the associations of dark personality traits with specific online activities and problematic internet use
Authors: Kircaburun Kagan , Griffiths Mark D.
Published: November 2018

Background and aims

Research has shown that personality traits play an important role in problematic internet use (PIU). However, the relationship between dark personality traits (i.e., Machiavellianism, psychopathy, narcissism, sadism, and spitefulness) and PIU has yet to be investigated. Consequently, the objectives of this study were to investigate the relationships of dark traits with specific online activities (i.e., social media, gaming, gambling, shopping, and sex) and PIU.

Methods

A total of 772 university students completed a self-report survey, including the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen Scale, Short Sadistic Impulse Scale, Spitefulness Scale, and an adapted version of the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale.

Results

Hierarchical regression analysis and a multiple mediation model indicated that being male was positively associated with higher online gaming, online sex, and online gambling, and negatively associated with social media and online shopping. Narcissism was related to higher social media use; Machiavellianism was related to higher online gaming, online sex, and online gambling; sadism was related to online sex; and spitefulness was associated with online sex, online gambling, and online shopping. Finally, Machiavellianism and spitefulness were directly and indirectly associated with PIU via online gambling, online gaming, and online shopping, and narcissism was indirectly associated with PIU through social media use.

Discussion

Findings of this preliminary study show that individuals high in dark personality traits may be more vulnerable in developing problematic online use and that further research is warranted to examine the associations of dark personality traits with specific types of problematic online activities.
Treatment efficacy of a specialized psychotherapy program for Internet Gaming Disorder
Authors: Torres-Rodríguez Alexandra , Griffiths Mark D. , Carbonell Xavier , Oberst Ursula
Published: November 2018

Background and aims

Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) has become health concern around the world, and specialized health services for the treatment of IGD are emerging. Despite the increase in such services, few studies have examined the efficacy of psychological treatments for IGD. The primary aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a specialized psychotherapy program for adolescents with IGD [i.e., the “Programa Individualizado Psicoterapéutico para la Adicción a las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación” (PIPATIC) program].

Methods

The sample comprised 31 adolescents (aged 12–18 years) from two public mental health centers who were assigned to either the (a) PIPATIC intervention experimental group or (b) standard cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) control group. The interventions were assessed at pre-, middle-, and post-treatment phases, as well as a 3-month assessment was carried out after completing the interventions.

Results

No significant differences between either group in the pre-treatment phase were found. Relating to the different interventions examined, significant differences were found at pre-test and post-test on the following variables: comorbid disorders, intrapersonal and interpersonal abilities, family relationships, and therapists’ measures. Both groups experienced a significant reduction of IGD symptoms, although the PIPATIC group experienced higher significant improvements in the remainder of the variables examined.

Discussion and conclusions

The findings suggest that PIPATIC program is effective in the treatment of IGD and its comorbid disorders/symptoms, alongside the improvement of intra- and interpersonal abilities and family relationships. However, it should also be noted that standard CBT was also effective in the treatment of IGD. Changing the focus of treatment and applying an integrative focus (including the addiction, the comorbid symptoms, intra- and interpersonal abilities, and family psychotherapy) appear to be more effective in facilitating adolescent behavior change than CBT focusing only on the IGD itself.
Kesiapan Menikah Perempuan Emerging Adulthood Etnis Arab
Authors: Karunia Nurlita Endah , Salsabilah Salsabilah , Wahyuningsih Sri
Published: November 2018

Emerging adult from Arabic-Muslim families, have fulfilled expectations of their families to married immediately. Marriage readiness are needed to evaluate the degree of readiness into marriage life The aim of this study is to explore marriages readiness of emerging adult in Arabic culture. Data were collected from 118 women between 18 – 25 years old. Most of participants have high degree of marriage readiness. In addition, most of participants have greater readiness based on several criteria: moral, contextual-social, and marital-life skilsl. The other hands, participants evaluated their readiness quite well on financial and emotional criteria. The results indicate that social-cultural, religion, and emotional maturity factors became basic evaluation of marriage readiness in emerging adult.
PENGARUH ALIH FUNGSI KAWASAN MANGROVE PADA SIFAT SEDIMEN DAN KEMAMPUAN PENYIMPANAN KARBON
Authors: Kepel Terry Louise , Ati Restu Nur Afi , Rahayu Yusmiana Puspitaningsih , Adi Novi Susetyo
Published: November 2018

Ekosistem mangrove memiliki kemampuan untuk menyerap dan menyimpan karbon. Beberapa penelitian memperlihatkan besarnya kemampuan penyerapan dan penyimpanan karbon oleh ekosistem ini. Namun demikian, kapasitas penyimpanan ini akan menurun karena deforestrasi dan konversi lahan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisa dampak alih fungsi lahan mangrove terhadap sifat sedimen serta kemampuannya dalam menyimpan karbon. Penelitian dilakukan di empat lokasi yaitu di Kabupaten Berau - Kalimantan Timur dan Karimunjawa-Jawa Tengah yang mewakili daerah alami serta, Kabupaten Pati - Jawa Tengah dan  Kabupaten Indramayu – Jawa Barat yang mewakili mangrove yang pernah mengalami alih fungsi lahan dan telah direhabilitasi. Sedimen diambil minimal sampai pada kedalaman satu meter dengan menggunakan soil auger. Sebanyak empat sampel diambil pada setiap core sediment pada interval kedalaman 0-15, 15-30, 30-50 dan 50-100 cm. Mangrove yang pernah mengalami alih fungsi lahan memiliki nilai bulk density yang lebih tinggi serta konsentrasi CN (%) dan simpanan karbon (MgCha-1) yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan lokasi yang alami. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa alih fungsi lahan mangrove menurunkan kemampuan penyimpanan karbon ekosistem dan diperlukan waktu untuk meningkatkan nilai simpanan karbon sedimen pada daerah yang pernah mengalami alih fungsi.
The ‘Inexhaustibility’ of Jalaram Bapa
Authors: Wood Martin
Published: November 2018

Food miracles permeate the historical and contemporary Gujarati Hindu landscape, from the homeland to East Africa and throughout the wider diaspora. However, approaches to food miracles differ from one tradition to the next, and approaches to the divine or the saint can often have a direct impact upon a tradition's ethical approach to wider society. This article considers food miracles as they are more widely understood in the Hindu context, especially in the Hindu diaspora, but with a specific focus on the Jalaram Bapa tradition. By engaging both spiritually and physically in this relationship, food miracles offer a direct and personal experience of Jalaram himself. Furthermore, this presence promotes an ethical framework that draws directly upon the narratives that speak of his life, namely that of seva for all, regardless of social status or religious background.
Homo Ritualis: Hindu Ritual and its Significance for Ritual Theory, by Axel Michaels
Authors: Korom Frank J.
Published: November 2018

Homo Ritualis: Hindu Ritual and its Significance for Ritual Theory, by Axel Michaels. New York: Oxford University Press, 2016. xviii + 372 pp., $105.00 (hb), $39.95 (pb). ISBN 978-0-190-26263-X (hb), ISBN 978-0-190-26263-1 (pb).
The Lotus Sutra: A Biography, by Donald S. Lopez, Jr
Authors: Prude M. Alyson
Published: November 2018

The Lotus Sutra: A Biography, by Donald S. Lopez, Jr. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2016. 257 pp., $29.95 (hb). ISBN 978-0-691-15220-2.
Optimization and improvement of recombinant chitinase biosynthesis in E. coli using response surface method
Authors: Thu Ha Trinh Thi , Quyen Dong Van , Binh Ngo Dinh
Published: November 2018

Chitinases (EC 3.2.1.14) are enzymes that degrade chitin. These enzymes are gaining importance for their wide-ranging applications including the preparation of pharmaceutically important chitooligosaccharides and N-acetyl D glucosamine, preparation of single-cell protein, isolation of protoplasts from fungi and yeast, control of pathogenic fungi, treatment of chitinous waste, mosquito control and morphogenesis and especially in agriculture fields to control pathogens. Previously, we have cloned chiA gene encoding chitinase for overexpresion in E. coli. Herein, we optimized the expression conditions for improvement of chitinase biosynthesis in recombinant E. coli strain using response surface method (RSM) based on Design-Expert 10.1 software (Stat-Ease, Inc., Minneapolis, USA. Fermentation conditions such as inducer concentrate, induction time and cell density at the time of induction and their effects on the chitinase biosynthesis were investigated. The RMS analysis suggested that the optimal conditions for production of recombinant ChiA are at lactose concentration of 6,15 mM, 8,12 hours after induction and cell density OD600nm = 0,87 with predicted enzyme activity of 7,49 U/ml. The model obtained was used for fermentation of recombinant strain and the real chitinase activity achieved 7,54 U/ml which is 1.32 times higher compared to that of the pre-optimization (5.71 U/ml). The RSM was found to be useful in optimizing and determining the interactions among process variables in ChiA enzyme production. Our data also indicated that using lactose as the inducer instead of ITPG for ChiA expression can also reduce product costs.   Citation: Trinh Thi Thu Ha, Dong Van Quyen, Ngo Dinh Binh, 2018. Optimization and improvement of recombinant chitinase biosynthesis in E. coli using response surface method. Tap chi Sinh hoc, 40(1): x-xx. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v40n1.10495. *Corresponding author: binh.gen@gmail.com Received 5 July 2017, accepted 20 December 2017
Creation of recombinant Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strains expressing codon optimized vp28 gene from white spot symdrome virus
Authors: Huong Nguyen Minh , Thu Ha Thi , Hoa Nguyen Thi , Khang Dinh Duy , Hong Dang Diem , Mouradov Aidyn , Quyen Dong Van
Published: November 2018

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the leading cause of shrimp mortality in farms all over the world. In Vietnam, for the last five to ten years, WSSV has always been among the top causes of diseases and loss in our shrimp aquaculture. VP28 and VP26 are two capsid proteins of WSSV that commonly used as biomarkers for diagnosis and target antigens for vaccine against WSSV. Recombinant VP28 (rVP28) has been studied and expressed in various expression systems including E. coli, yeast and baculovirus. rVP28 expressed in these systems showed effective protection against WSSV in shrimps, though there remains limitation on expression efficiency and safety. Recently, green microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has been widely used to express pharmaceutical proteins and edible vaccines for aquaculture thanks to its advantages as a safe and efficient host. C. reinhardtii is also used as nutrious natural food for shrimps due to its benefits towards shrimp health and growth. In this study, the codons of vp28 gene was adapted and chemically synthesized, and transformed into the nucleus genome of C. reinhardtii using electroporation. The presence of a codon optimized vp28 gene in C. reinhardtii genome was confirmed by colony PCR and sequencing; and its expression level was examined by RT-PCR. These results proved our success in creating transgenic C. reinhardtiii expressing rVP28 and set the foundation for our future research on edible vaccine against WSSV for shrimp.
Isolation and screening of endophytic bacteria from Ngoc Linh ginseng (Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv) for biosynthesis β-glucosidase
Authors: Tam Nguyen Thi , Tam Nguyen Phu , Nguyen Vu Thi Hanh , Hung Nguyen Khac , Huy Chu Nhat , Ngoc Pham Bich , Ha Chu Hoang , Tien Phi Quyet
Published: November 2018

Biotransformation of secondary metabolites from medicinal plants by bacteria has been studied extensively in the recent years. One of the potential sources for screening bacteria is plant endophytic bacteria. In this study, we isolated and screened endophytic bacteria for transformation of ginsenoside Rb1 of Ngoc Linh ginseng collected at village number 2, Tra Linh commune, Nam Tra My district, Quang Nam province. There are 45 strains isolated form rhizobium (24 strains), petioles (8 strains) and leaves (13 strains). After screening, there are 27 strains positive with β-glucosidase test, an enzyme which catalyses the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing residues in β-glucosides-aglycone linkage of ginsenoside Rb. By evaluating the β-glucosidase activity and identification via 16S rRNA sequence, we choosed four high β-glucosidase acitivity strains SVK32 (Enterobacter sp.); SVK34 (Serratia sp.); SVK37 (Ochrobactrum sp.) and SVK44 (Arthrobacter sp.) for futher study on biotransformating of ginsenoside Rb1 into ginsenoside Rd and Rg3.
Life cycles of coral-associated-viruses related to diffrent health states collected in Hang Rai - Ninh Thuan, Vietnam
Authors: Hanh Nguyen Kim , Mien Pham Thi , Hai Doan Nhu
Published: November 2018

In recent years, coral associated viruses could play primal role in protecting coral health, yet their ecological traits are poorly investigated. In this study, the abundance and life cycles (lysogeny and lytic) of viruses associated with contrasted coral health states (healthy and bleached) were studied and compared. In addition, the density of bacteria and Symbiodium were also be determined by epifluorescence microscopy. The results showed that viral abundance increased 1.2 times and bacterial abundance decreased 0.6 times in healthy corals compared to bleached ones. The number of Symbiodinium significantly reduced 5.6 times in bleached corals compared to healthy corals. One of the most important results in this study was the coexistence of the both lysogenic and lytic viruses in healthy coral. The fraction of lysogenic bacteria was 2 times higher in healthy corals than in bleached ones. Healthy corals carried 3.5-fold more viral production than the diseased ones. Overall, the results showed that, in healthy state, corals might be a favorable environment for viral infection, promoting the development of both temperate and virulent phages. This coexistence might be crucial for coral viability through the complex links with their coral-associated bacterial hosts.