bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Has Better Safety in Comparison to Open Surgery for Occurrence of Death and Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Keele Taft , Hashemzadeh Mehrtash , Movahed Mohammad Reza
Published: July 2023

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has gained popularity. The goal of this study was to evaluate outcome differences between open vs laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Method: Using a large NIS database and ICD-9 coding for open vs laparoscopic cholecystectomy, we compared inpatient outcomes for these two procedures regarding the occurrence of myocardial infarctions and mortality using uni- and multivariate analysis by studying 5 years of data from 2010 to 2015. Results: Open cholecystectomy was inferior to laparoscopic procedure with a higher occurrence of non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (Non-STEMI), ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and mortality in comparison to laparoscopic cholecystectomy. For example, using 2010 database, the occurrence of STEMI was 0.2 vs 0% (OR 3.1, CI 1.7-5.5, p<0.001), for Non-STEMI 1 vs 0.4% (OR 2.5 CI 2.0-3.0, p<0001) and for mortality 0.4 vs 0.4% (OR 9.2, CI 7.9-10.6, p<0001). After adjustment for age, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, the occurrence of STEMI, Non-STEMI, and mortality remained higher in the open cholecystectomy cohort (mortality multivariate OR 6.4, CI 5.5-7.4, p<0001). Conclusion: Open cholecystectomy is associated with a higher rate of STEMI, Non-STEMI, and a markedly higher rate of mortality in comparison to the laparoscopic approach. Our study suggests that laparoscopic cholecystectomy should remain the first choice for patients needing gallbladder surgery.
Recruitment of the Histone Variant macroH2A1 to the Pericentric Region Occurs upon Chromatin Relaxation and Is Responsible for Major Satellite Transcriptional Regulation
Authors: Recoules Ludmila , Tanguy Le Gac Nicolas , Moutahir Fatima , Bystricky Kerstin , Lavigne Anne-Claire
Published: July 2023

Heterochromatin formation plays a pivotal role in regulating chromatin organization and influences nuclear architecture, and genome stability and expression. Among the regions at which heterochromatin is present, pericentric regions are known to recruit the histone variant macroH2A1. However, the factors and mechanisms behind macroH2A1 incorporation into these regions have not been explored. In this study, we probe different conditions that lead to the recruitment of macroH2A1 to pericentromeric regions and elucidate its underlying functions. Through experiments conducted on murine fibroblastic cells, we discover that partial chromatin relaxation resulting from DNA damage, senescence or histone hyper-acetylation, is necessary for the recruitment of macroH2A1 to pericentric regions. Furthermore, macroH2A1 is required for up-regulation of noncoding pericentric RNA expression but not for pericentric chromatin organization. Our findings shed light on the functional rather than structural significance of macroH2A1 incorporation into pericentric chromatin.
CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ON THE WATER RESOURCE OF ARBA RIVER CATCHMENT, AWASH RIVER BASIN, ETHIOPIA
Authors: Chala Hailu Mosisa , Tegene Wegayehu Demise , Niguse Abera Girma
Published: July 2023

This study was investigate the possible hydrological impact of climate change in stream flow of Arba River based on the downscaled precipitation and temperature data at West Harerghe Zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. The case study, Arba River is one of the tributaries of Awash River Basin and the catchment of the river at Bordode flow gauging station covers around 72 square kilometers. Dynamically downscaled Regional Climate Model (RCM) HIRHAM derived by ICHEC-EC-EARTH global climate model under two scenarios RCP 4.5 and 8.5 was used in this study. The future time periods are divided into two time horizons with equal length of time as the base line period 2021–2050 and 2051–2080. For both projected periods relatively the minimum average monthly percentage change in precipitation will be happened from May to October under RCP4.5 except August and from March to October under RCP8.5. The variation under RCP4.5 is relatively high when compared to RCP8.5. The average monthly per-centage of flow increment may vary from (7.6 to 81.8) for 2021-2050 and (22.3 to 107.8) for 2051-2080 under RCP4.5. Under RCP8.5 scenario, from July to January except the December for 2021-2050, simulated flow is expected to increase while from February to June decreases for both time horizons. Generally, the change of simulated flow under both scenarios and both near and far time period is follows the pattern of precipitation. However, the flow change will have less variation than the precipitation change.
A Sustainability Model for a Municipal Entity
Authors: Brink Floyd Warren , Singh Shamila
Published: July 2023

The main purpose is to create a model for managing sustainability in the metro and its entities in Gauteng. Within this context, the study will focus on the issue of measures, outcomes, and impacts in the City of Johannesburg (CoJ). The study will clarify a public sector application in municipal entities of the CoJ because sustainability is not well understood or used in the public sector. This article investigates the sustainability phenomena in a metropolitan setting, including the CoJ and its municipal entities. The purpose is rather two-fold. A focus group discussion was held with CoJ senior executive managers to provide feedback on the sustainability model. The information and insights were used to refine the sustainability model to manage sustainability in Coj and its enti-ties. The data was analysed using thematic analysis to refine the sustainability model. The re-sults indicated that sustainability is a function of having a shared understanding of sustainabil-ity, the ability to mainstream and integrate sustainability thinking into all programmes and ac-tivities, leadership commitment, requisite competencies, and monitoring and evaluation of sus-tainability.

The implication for leadership is to ensure the alignment of sustainability to the strategic objec-tives of CoJ and to foreground any planning in CoJ with a sustainability lens. Achieving this focus requires a shared understanding, development of competencies, committed leadership to imple-ment measurement and impact framework, and adjusting plans based on monitoring and evalua-tion outcomes.
Variations of the Bacterial Community in Wheat (Triticum aestivum), Oats (Avena sativa L.), Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and Triticale (Triticosecale) from Three Regions of the Republic of Crimea
Authors: Muvingi Mufaro , Slovareva Olga Y. , Yaremko Anastasia B. , Zargar Meisam , Lyashko Marina , Pakina Elena , Vvedenskiy Valentin
Published: July 2023

Russia is one of the largest cereal grain exporters in the world, churning out 34,3 million tons of export grain (wheat, barley and oats) in 2021. Plant infectious pathogens continue to be among the main factors in yield loss in the field and are a danger to the grain exporting industry's ability to expand internationally. This is primarily due to phytosanitary restrictions imposed by nations that monitor the presence and absence of certain phytopathogens in imported goods. Phytosanitary measures prevent the spread of plant pathogens, thus cutting the cost of dealing with them, once the pathogens invade new agricultural regions. This paper is devoted to the detection and identification of bacteria in samples of grain crops of three regions in The Republic of Crimea. The objects of the study were bacterial isolates from plant samples particularly wheat, oats, barley and triticale. The study was conducted in 2021. The identification of the isolates was carried out by sequencing a section 16–23S of the rRNA amplified by PCR with 8UA/519B, 27f/907r and PSf/PSr primers. Nucleotide sequences were deciphered using the Bio Edit program and compared with sequences placed in GenBank (https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov). The result of identification was considered an organism with maximum similarity. As a result, 38 samples of grain crops were collected, 95 bacterial colonies were isolated, of which 68 were identified to genus level and 22 were identified to species level. Some of the phytopathogens identified include: Agrococcus jenensis, Pseudomonas sp. and Curtobacterium sp. Some of the bacteria identified are beneficial like Ochrobactrum sp. Erwinia sp. and Pantoea sp. had a frequency of 28.95%, with Pantoea agglomerans having a frequency of 18.42%. Ochrobactrum sp. had a frequency of 10.53%. Enterococcus mundtii an frequency of 5.26%. Information about the species composition of bacteria on grain crops can be used to determine the spread of bacteria and their diagnosis and for bioinformatic analysis of genomes in search of species-specific genetic markers.
Satisfaction, Engagement, and Outcomes in Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Adapted for People of Diverse Ethnocultural Groups: An Observational Trial with Benchmarking
Authors: Sapkota Ram P. , Valli Emma , Dear Blake F. , Titov Nickolai , Hadjistavropoulos Heather D.
Published: July 2023

Depression and anxiety are the most common mental health disorders worldwide. Internet-Delivered Cogni-tive Behaviour Therapy (ICBT) can reduce barriers to care for broad cross sections of the population. How-ever, People of Diverse Ethnocultural Backgrounds (PDEGs) other than White/Caucasian underutilize mental health services and are underrepresented in clinical trials of psychological interventions. To address this research gap, we adapted an evidence-based ICBT program for PDEGs. The current pilot study explores the effectiveness, satisfaction, and engagement in the adapted ICBT by PDEGs (N=41) when benchmarked against a sample of PDEGs (N=134) drawn from a previous non-adapted version of the ICBT program. Inntent-to-treat analyses showed that the adapted ICBT program is effective in reducing anxiety and de-pression symptoms among PDEGs. Large within-group pre-to-post-treatment Cohen’s effect sizes of d = 1.23, 95% CI [0.68, 1.77] and d = 1.24, 95% CI [0.69, 1.79] were found for depression and anxiety, respectively. Further, 81.8% of the PDEGs who received the adapted ICBT program reported high overall satisfaction, 90.9 % reported increased confidence in managing symptoms, and 70.7% of participants completed the ma-jority of the psychoeducational lessons in the ICBT program. No statistically significant differences in clinical outcomes, engagement, and satisfaction were found between the pilot study and benchmark sample. Future directions for ICBT research with PDEGs are described.
Leveraging Ensemble Method with Transformer for Robust Drug Use Detection on Twitter
Authors: AlGhannam Reem Ghannam , Ykhlef Mourad , Al-Dossari Hmood
Published: July 2023

Social media platforms are increasingly enabling the propagation of content from groups related to drug use, thus posing risks for the wider population and, in particular, individuals who are amenable to drug use and drug addiction. The detection of drug use content on social media platforms is a priority for governments, technology companies, and drug law enforcement organizations. To counter this issue, various techniques have been developed to identify and promptly remove drug use content, while also blocking its creators from network access. In this paper, we introduce a manually annotated Twitter dataset, comprising 156,521 tweets published between 2008 and 2022, specifically compiled for the purpose of drug use detection. The dataset underwent annotation by several group of expert annotators who classified the tweets as either drug use or non-drug use. Exploratory data analysis was conducted to comprehend the dataset's characteristics. Various classification algorithms, including SVM, XGBoost, RF, NB, LSTM, and BERT were employed using the dataset. Among the traditional machine learning models, SVM utilizing term frequency-inverse document frequency features achieved the highest F1-Score (0.9017). However, BERT with textual features concatenated with numerical and categorical features in ensemble method surpassed the performance of traditional models, attaining F1-Score of 0.9112. To facilitate future research and enhance English online drug use classification accuracy, the dataset will be made publicly available.
Discovery of New ExactWave Solutions to the M-Fractional Complex Three Coupled Maccari’s System by Sardar Sub-Equation Scheme
Authors: Alsharidi Abdulaziz Khalid , Bekir Ahmet
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we succeed to discover the new exact wave solutions to the truncated M-fractional complex three coupled Maccari’s system by utilizing the Sardar sub-equation scheme. The obtained solutions are in the form of trigonometric and hyperbolic forms. These solutions have many applications in nonlinear optics, fiber optics, deep water-waves, plasma physics, mathematical physics, fluid mechanics, hydrodynamics and engineering where the propagation of nonlinear waves is important. Achieved solutions are verified with the use of Mathematica software. Some of the achieved solutions are also described graphically by 2-dimensional, 3-dimensional and contour plots with the help of Maple software. The gained solutions are helpful for the further development of concerned model. Finally, this technique is simple, fruitful and reliable to handle the nonlinear FPDEs.
Exploring the Classification of a Proximity System and the Dynamism of Space
Authors: Al-Saaidy Haider
Published: July 2023

Today’s urban spaces face precipitous challenges and complications, which include the COVID-19 pandemic, urbanization, population growth, and climate change. Proximity plays an essential role in influencing the integrity of public spaces and urban environments, while proxemics studies people’s experience, and the benefits, of urban space, and is based on a behavioral system of activities that includes ‘territoriality’. There is a need to study the behavioural patterns of people in given situations with proxemic dimensions in order to sustain both human beings and the quality of urban space. However, people behave spontaneously within environmental settings and reflect each other’s responses, meaning it is important to distinguish between different cultures, which tend to respond in particular ways to the meaning of proximity. This suggests there is no universal indicator for phenomena such as crowding. The aim of this paper is to highlight the interrelationship between urban form and urban life. This study focuses on two patterns of activity - street life and social life - by adopting a descriptive-analytical approach to documentary and desk research. The findings reveal a vital distinction between social and public patterns of proximity, while other proximities, although critical, are not observed within interactions between people.
Aortic Valve Dysfunction and Aortopathy According to the Presence or Absence of Raphe in Patients with Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease
Authors: Zhang Yu , Choi BO Hwa , Chee Hyun Keun , Kim Jun Seok , Ko Sung Min
Published: July 2023

(1) Background: To identify the association between the presence or absence of raphe and aortic valve dysfunction as well as the presence of aortopathy in patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV); (2) Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 312 participants (mean [SD] age, 52.7 [14.3] years; 227 men [72.8%]) with BAV. The BAVs were divided into those with presence (raphe+) or absence (raphe-) of raphe. Valvular function was classified as normal, aortic regurgitation (AR), or aortic stenosis (AS) using TTE. The pattern of BAV aortopathy was determined by the presence of dilatation at the sinus of Valsalva and the middle ascending aorta using CCT.; (3) Results: BAVs with raphe+ had a higher prevalence of AR (148 [79.5%] vs. 48 [37.8%], P < .001) but a lower prevalence of AS (90 [48.6%] vs. 99 [78.0%], P < .001) compared with those with raphe-. The types of BAV aortopathy were significantly different (P = 0.021) according to those with BAV-raphe+ and BAV-raphe-.; (4) Conclusions: The presence of a raphe was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of AR but a lower prevalence of AS and combined dilatation of the aortic root and middle ascending aorta. The presence of raphe was an independent determinant of AR.
Community-Acquired, Bacteraemic Acinetobacter baumannii Pneumonia: A retrospective review of cases in Tropical Queensland, Australia
Authors: Riddles Timothy , Judge Daniel
Published: July 2023

Background: Community acquired Acinetobacter pneumonia (CAAP) typically presents with rapid progression to fulminant disease, and is complicated by high mortality. Australian epidemiological studies are few. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on bacteraemic cases of CAAP over twenty years, (2000-2019) in North Queensland. Cases were selected on microbiologic, clinical, and radiographic parameters. Data on patient demographics were obtained, along with microbial, antibiotic, mortality, and climatic data. Results: 28 cases of CAAP were included. Nineteen (67.9%) were male, twenty-three (82.1%) were Indigenous Australians, and mean age was 45.9 years. Most presentations were of moderate to severe pneumonia, 25/28 (89.3%). 90% of cases had two or more risk factors. The strongest risk factors for CAAP were alcohol excess and tobacco use. No statistically significant difference in presenting severity, ICU admission or mortality was seen between dry and wet season disease. Dry season disease accounted for 35.7% of cases. Overall mortality was 28.6%. Early use of meropenem or gentamicin reduced mortality irrespective of presenting severity (mortality 17.6%) Non-targeted antibiotic therapy was associated with a non-significant difference in mortality of 44.4%. Conclusions: Early administration of targeted antibiotics can mitigate a high mortality rate. Choice of antibiotic therapy for community acquired pneumonia should be based upon severity, risk factors and clinical suspicion of CAAP rather than seasonality.
Comparative Pharmacokinetics Study with Fexuprazan 10 mg Demonstrated Bioequivalence with the Reference Formulation, and Evaluated Pharmacokinetics at Steady State
Authors: Shin Wonsuk , Yang A-Young , Park Hyung , Lee Hyejung , Yoo Hyounggyoon , Kim Anhye
Published: July 2023

Fexuprazan is a potassium-competitive acid blocker approved for treating gastric acid-related diseases. Herein, we evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PKs) of single-dose and multiple-dose oral administration of fexuprazan 10 mg tablets in healthy subjects (Part 1) and investigated the bioequivalence between fexuprazan 10 mg and 40 mg tablets (Part 2). Part 1 comprised a single- and multiple-dose, 1-sequence, and 2-period design, and Part 2 comprised a single-dose, 2×2 crossover design. Eight and 23 subjects completed Parts 1 and 2, respectively. In Part 1, multiple doses accumulated twice as much as single doses. In Part 2, the geometric mean ratios [90% confidence intervals] for maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the concentration–time curve from zero to the time of the last quantifiable concentration (AUClast) of four fexuprazan 10 mg tablets to those of one fexuprazan 40 mg tablet were 1.0290 (0.9352–1.1321) and 1.0290 (0.9476–1.1174), respectively, which met bioequivalence criteria. Overall, favorable PK was observed after single and multiple administrations of one fexuprazan 10 mg tablet, and four fexuprazan 10 mg tablets were pharmacokinetically equivalent to one fexuprazan 40 mg tablet.
Asthma Phenotypes in the Era of Personalized Medicine
Authors: Gonzalez-Uribe Victor , Romero-Tapia Sergio J , Castro-Rodriguez Jose A.
Published: July 2023

Asthma is a prevalent disease that around 300 million worldwide, resulting in substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic burden on a global scale. New clinical and laboratory research has shed light on the immunology causing asthma. Asthma is now recognized as a heterogeneous disease. A personalized medicine is based on the classification of asthma by endotype by linking observable characteristics to immunological mechanisms. Identifying endotype mechanisms is essential for better characterizing patients and personalizing therapeutic approaches with novel biological agents that target specific immune pathways. This article provides a summary of the major immunological mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis and emergence of the disease's phenotypic features, as well as the individualized treatment for severe asthma subtypes
The Role of Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein-A in Triple Negative Breast Cancer: A Promising Target for Achieving Clinical Benefits
Authors: Poddar Arpita , Ahmady Farah , Rao Sushma R. , Sharma Revati , Kannourakis George , Prithviraj Prashanth , Jayachandran Aparna
Published: July 2023

Pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) plays an integral role in breast cancer (BC), especially triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). This subtype accounts for the most aggressive BC, possesses high tumor heterogeneity, is least responsive to standard treatments and has the poorest clinical outcomes. There is a critical need to address the lack of effective targeted therapeutic options available. PAPP-A is a protein that is highly elevated during pregnancy. Frequently, higher PAPP-A expression is detected in tumors than in healthy tissues. The increase in expression coincides with increased rates of aggressive cancers. In BC, PAPP-A has been demonstrated to play a role in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as well as acting as a biomarker for predicting patient outcomes. In this review, we present the role of PAPP-A, with specific focus on TNBC. The structure and function of PAPP-A, belonging to the pappalysin subfamily, and its proteolytic activity are assessed. We highlight the link of BC and PAPP-A with respect to the IGFBP/IGF axis, EMT, the window of susceptibility and the impact of pregnancy. Importantly, the relevance of PAPP-A as a TNBC clinical marker is reviewed and its influence on immune-related pathways are explored. The relationship and mechanisms involving PAPP-A reveal the potential for more treatment options that can lead to successful immunotherapeutic targets and the ability to assist with better predicting clinical outcomes in TNBC.
The making of Surgical Guides for TADs
Authors: Aonuma Michiko , Shirahama Shingo , Shimizu Atsumoto , Romanec Cristian , Anka George
Published: July 2023

In the last 20 years, TADs have become one of the topics in orthodontic science, as it becomes one of the effective anchorages in moving teeth in a 3D movement to treat malocclusion and dental-alveolar orthopedic. Problems with the collusion of the roots of the teeth and trauma have hindered the use of these TADs; one of the solutions to keep TADs safe is a step-by-step innovation of procedure to make this anchorage concept using TAD safe. Making surgical guides for single-standing TADs is essential, and in practice, it is virtually possible with the advance of today's CAD/CAM and 3D printers. The content subject in the paper contains two parts: the consideration of why a surgical guide is necessary for the implantation of TADs and the making of the Surgical guide itself.
Inhibition of Trichinella spiralis Membrane‐Associated Progesterone Receptor (MAPR) Results in the Reduction of Worm Burden
Authors: Aleem Muhammad Tahir , Wen Zhaohai , Yu Zhengqing , Chen Cheng , Lu Mingmin , Xu Lixin , Song Xiaokai , Li Xiangrui , Yan Ruofeng
Published: July 2023

Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis), a nematode parasite, is the major cause of Trichinellosis, a zoonotic disease. A key role of MAPR in the reproductive system is to maintain pregnancy. Previous studies found antihormone (P4 and RU486) drug design and vaccine therapy of recombinant protein (rTs-MAPRC2) to control T. spiralis infection. The current study investigates the inhibitory effects of different ratios of antibody against Ts-MAPRC2 on the development of muscle larvae (ML) and newborn larvae (NBL). First, we performed indirect immunofluorescence assays (IIFA) and examined the effects of rTs-MAPRC2-Ab on ML and NBL in vitro as well as in vivo. After-ward, siRNA-Ts-MAPRC2 was transfected into T. spiralis muscle larvae. Following that, Ts-MAPRC2 protein was detected by Western Blotting and mRNA levels were determined by qPCR. Also, we assessed whether siRNA-treated NBLs were infective by analyzing muscle larvae burden (MLs). Our Result showed rTs-MAPRC2-Ab greatly inhibited the activity of the Ts-MAPRC2 gene in ML and NBL of T. spiralis. rTs-MAPRC2-Ab reduced larval infectivity and survival in the host in a dose-dependent manner (1:50, 1:200, 1:800 dilutions). Further, siR-NA-Ts-MAPRC2 effectively silenced the Ts-MAPRC2 gene in muscle larvae (ML) by in vitro, as well as in new-born larvae (NBL) of T. spiralis by in vivo. In addition, siRNA-Ts-MAPRC2 (siR-NA180, siRNA419, siRNA559) reduced host larval survival and infectivity significantly. The effect of siRNA on larval development, survival, and infectivity was significantly reduced when the Ts-MAPRC2 gene was knocked down. This study, therefore, suggests that Ts-MAPRC2 might be a novel molecular target that might be useful in the development of vaccines against T. spiralis infection.
Toward Effective Framework for Wireless Intrusion Detection System in Detecting Krack and kr00k attacks in IEEE 802.11
Authors: Salah Zaher , Abu Elsoud Esraa
Published: July 2023

The rise in Internet users has brought with it the impending threat of cybercrime as the Internet of Things (IoT) increases and the introduction of 5G technologies continues to transform our digital world. It is now essential to protect communication networks from illegal intrusions in order to guarantee data integrity and user privacy. In this situation, machine learning techniques used in data mining have proven to be effective tools for constructing intrusion detection systems (IDS) and improving their precision. We use the well-known AWID3 dataset, a comprehensive collection of wireless network traffic, to investigate the effectiveness of machine learning in enhancing network security. Our work primarily concentrates on the Krack and Kr00k attacks, which target the most recent and dangerous flaws in IEEE 802.11 protocols.

Through diligent implementation, we were able to successfully identify these threats using an IDS model that is based on machine learning. Notably, the resilience of our method was demonstrated by our Ensemble classifier’s astounding 99% success rate in detecting the Krack attack. The effectiveness of our suggested remedy was further demonstrated by the high accuracy rate of 96.7% displayed by our Neural Network-based model in recognizing instances of the Kr00k attack. Our research shows the potential for considerably boosting network security in the face of new threats by leveraging the capabilities of machine learning and a diversified dataset. Our findings open the door for stronger, more proactive security measures to protect IEEE

802.11 networks’ integrity, resulting in a safer online environment for all users.
Sources of Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Wild Barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum) Collected in Jordan, Lebanon, and Libya
Authors: Czembor Jerzy H. , Czembor Elzbieta
Published: July 2023

Sources of resistance to powdery mildew in wild barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum) collected in Jordan, Lebanon, and Libya

Jerzy H. Czembor 1, *, Elżbieta Czembor 1

1 Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute – National Research Institute (IHAR-PIB), Radzikow, 05-870 Błonie, Poland; e.czembor@ihar.edu.pl (E.C.)
*Correspondence: j.h.czembor@ihar.edu.pl)

Abstract
Barley powdery mildew (BPM) is caused by the pathogen Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (Bgh). It is an economically important disease and plant pathologists are looking for new sources of resistance to BPM. Barley genetic resources present in gene banks are often a rich source of disease resistance to be used by breeders. These new sources of resistance to BPM are often used in combination (pyramiding) with those that are already used in modern cultivars. Barley accessions, including the wild subspecies Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum (Hvs), are stored in many gene banks and often are a valuable source of economically important characteristics. This source of biodiversity should be more efficiently used to improve barley in the process of plant breeding. However, their proper characterization and availability are urgently needed.
The resistance to BPM in 81 accessions of wild barley (Hvs) collected in Jordan (47), Lebanon (23), and Libya (11) was investigated. The seed samples of these accessions were obtained from the ICARDA gene bank and collected in 10 expeditions from 1981 to 1995. Twenty European differential isolates of BPM were used to select accessions with efficient resistance. Thirty-one resistant single plant lines were selected from 15 accessions from Jordan and Libya based on tests performed with the most avirulent isolate of Bgh available. These resistant single plant lines were tested for the presence of specific resistance genes using a differential set of Bgh isolates. After analysis of obtained results, it was concluded that all tested 31 single plant lines of wild barley have genes for resistance that are not represented in the Pallas isolines differential s. Twenty-six lines of Hvs selected from accessions originated in Jordan and Libya showed resistance reaction to all isolates used. Identified new sources of effective resistance to BPM in single plant lines of Hvs will be further tested and used in barley pre-breeding programs.
Keywords: Blumeria graminis; resistance genes; resistance; germplasm; gene bank;
Hybrid Model for Optimisation of Waste Dump Design and Site Selection
Authors: Doderovic Aleksandar , Doderovic Svetozar-Milan , Stepanovic Sasa , Bankovic Mirjana , Stevanovic Dejan
Published: July 2023

Waste management is an unavoidable technological operation in the process of raw material extraction. The main characteristic of this technological operation is the handling of large quantities of waste material, which can amount to several hundred million cubic metres. Working with this amount of material usually requires high-capacity systems for excavation and loading, a large fleet of trucks for haulage, construction, and maintenance of a complex roads network, use of a significant area of land in order to achieve the required capacities, etc. At the same time, this operation must comply with all administrative and environmental standards. Therefore, optimising waste rock management (particularly haulage and dumping) has the potential to significantly improve the overall value of the project. This paper presents a hybrid model for the optimisation of waste dump design and site selection. The model is based on different mathematical methods (genetic algorithm, analytic hierarchy process and heuristic methods) adapted to different aspects of the problem. The main objective of the model is to provide a solution (in analytical and graphical form) for the draft waste dump design, on the basis of which the final waste dump design can be defined.
A educação por competências e a questão regional no livro didático História Regional do Rio Grande do Norte (2011)
Authors: Da Costa Bruno Balbino Aires da
Published: July 2023

A chamada “educação por competências”tem sido uma das principais concepçõespedagógicas adotadas pelos professoresem situação didática e pelas políticas educacionaispromovidas pelos órgãos oficiaisresponsáveis pela Educação no Brasil,pelo menos nas últimas três décadas.Diante desse quadro, parte-se de umaquestão específica: a educação por competênciascontribui para a reflexão emtorno da questão regional no âmbito dolivro didático de História do Rio Grandedo Norte? Para responder melhor à questão,este artigo segue os seguintes passos:primeiro, discute-se o conceito de livrodidático de História regional; segundo,trata-se dos aspectos gerais da obra emanálise; e, por fim, tenciona-se a propostadidático-pedagógica escolhida pelos autoresdo livro didático analisado e se elapropõe, ou não, uma reflexão em tornoda questão regional.
Ensino de História e Educação de Surdos: considerações sobre o estado da arte
Authors: Reis Aaron Sena Cerqueira , Silva Joilson Pereira da
Published: July 2023

Neste artigo, refletimos sobre as relaçõesentre o Ensino de História e a Educaçãode Surdos, em uma tentativa de mapear oestado da arte. Por meio de um estudo derevisão de literatura, consultamos o Catálogode Teses e Dissertações da CAPES,a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses eDissertações e o Google Acadêmico, plataformasde busca de trabalhos científicoscom acesso livre. Em cada base, realizamoso cruzamento dos descritores “ensino”,“história” e “surdez” ou “surdo” sobo uso do operador booleano “AND”.Desse modo, identificamos onze (11)dissertações cujos focos recaíam sobre oEnsino de História e os Estudos Surdos.Os textos foram classificados em três categoriasque, em linhas gerais, evidenciaramdificuldades relacionadas a formaçãoinicial e continuada de professores,bem como o desconhecimento da culturasurda para um ensino de História inclusivo.
Loopholes and Plugging the Loopholes: An Investigation of the Incidents of Attending a University or College by Means of Fraudulence
Authors: Jiaxin Li , Yuhui Zhang , Yuxuan Gao
Published: July 2023

The incident of “attending a University or college by the means of Fraudulence” has not only trampled on the bottom line of educational fairness and social justice but also the dignity of national laws and administrative regulations. There are three main reasons for the repeated occurrence of “attending a college by the means of Fraudulence”: firstly, the lack of strict audit in the admission process of college entrance examination; secondly, the lack of strict review in the admission process of college freshmen; thirdly, the lack of strict supervision in the cultivation process of college talents. In order to effectively prevent the recurrence of the incident of “attending a University or college by the means of Fraudulence”, education administration should join with universities and social third-party organizations to plug the loopholes in the admission process of college entrance examination with systematic audit mechanism, the loopholes in the admission process of new students in universities with systematic review mechanism, and the loopholes in the cultivation of talents in universities with systematic supervision mechanism.
Postoperative Lumbar Spondylodiscitis Following Transforaminal Endoscopy and Outcomes of Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Authors: Krishnan Ajay , Chauhan Vikrant , Degulmadi Devanand , Mayi Shivanand , Rai Ravi Ranjan , Dave Mirant , Bali Shivakumar , Charde Pranav , Anil Abhijith , Krishnan Preety , Dave Bharat
Published: July 2023

Objective: To describe the presentation spectrum of postoperative spondylodiscitis (POSe) following transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy and to report the outcomes of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).Methods: This study analyzed all patients with the classic features of POSe who underwent index surgery elsewhere and presented to us. They had not responded to conservative care for 3 weeks and were operated further with open TLIF. The treatment response was judged by the declining values of inflammatory markers, improvements in mobility, and decreases in pain. Patients’ outcomes were analyzed using a visual analogue scale (VAS), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and the occurrence of complications. Radiological outcomes were assessed by fusion and implant stability. The spectrum of the demographic presentation was analyzed. PubMed was searched to find the incidence of POSe and the spectrum of organisms involved.Results: Fifteen patients were operated primarily by interventionalists and four by surgeons among 19 POSe patients who finally underwent TLIF at Stavya Spine Hospital & Research Institute. Organism culture positivity was found in 10 and no culture results were present in 9 cases. All TLIF cases had a follow-up of 52.94 ± 13.66 months (range, 28–71 months). The preoperative back pain VAS improved from 9.47 ± 0.61 (8–10) to 0.42 ± 0.50 (0–1). The leg pain VAS improved from 5.78 ± 4.19 (6–10) to 0.52 ± 0.61 (0–1). The preoperative ODI improved from 87.01 ± 7.70 (73.33–97.79) to 7.36 ± 8.14 (0–26.67). No major complications occurred. Cure of infection and stable reconstruction with fusion were achieved in all patients.Conclusion: POSe has a very low reported incidence. Standardization of training and sterilization would further reduce its incidence. However, aggressive early TLIF in patients with nonresponding POSe produces beneficial results.
Application of Posterior Endoscopic Cervical Foraminotomy for Recurrent Radiculopathy After Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Surgery
Authors: Chen Po-Han , Yang Tsung-Hsi , Chen Se-Yi
Published: July 2023

Objective: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgery is a standard treatment for cervical spondylotic myelopathy or radiculopathy. Although the outcomes of ACDF are quite satisfactory, recurrent radiculopathy due to restenosis or adjacent degeneration cannot be completely avoided. We applied posterior endoscopic cervical foraminotomy (PECF) as salvage surgery after ACDF in 11 patients (16 levels). Methods: We performed PECF in 11 patients (16 levels) in the past 5 years for recurrent radiculopathy after ACDF. The time until the development of recurrent radiculopathy ranged from 8 months to 3 years. Before surgery, all patients were treated with adequate medication and rehabilitation. The radiological tools used for the evaluation included x-ray examinations (with anteroposterior, lateral, flexion, extension, and bilateral oblique views), computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine.Results: Only one of the 11 patients did not respond immediately; however, that patient showed gradual recovery after decompression surgery in the following 6 months. Another patient showed good sensory function recovery, but transient motor palsy for 2 weeks. Otherwise, all the other patients showed motor or sensory function recovery, without symptom deterioration. None of these patients presented instability or mechanical pain after surgery or required repeat anterior surgery during follow-up (8 to 20 months; mean, 12 months).Conclusion: PECF, a minimally invasive posterior cervical surgical procedure, is efficient and effective as salvage surgery for restenosis after ACDF. This procedure prevents scarring along the trajectory and the need for longer fusion.
Orbital Learning: A Novel, Actively Orchestrated Decentralised Learning for Healthcare
Authors: Chakshu Neeraj Kavan , Nithiarasu Perumal
Published: July 2023

A novel collaborative and continual learning across a network of decentralised healthcare units, avoiding identifiable data-sharing capacity, is proposed. Currently available methodologies, such as federated learning and swarm learning, have demonstrated decentralised learning. However, the majority of them face shortcomings that affect their performance and accuracy. These shortcomings include a non-uniform rate of data accumulation, non-uniform patient demographics, biased human labelling, and erroneous or malicious training data. A novel method to reduce such shortcomings is proposed in the present work through selective grouping and displacing of actors in a network of many entities for intra-group sharing of learning with inter-group accessibility. The proposed system, known as Orbital Learning, incorporates various features from split learning and ensemble learning for a robust and secure performance of supervised models. An example of ECG classification for arrhythmia with 6 clients is used to analyse its performance and is compared against federated learning. In this example, four separate experiments are conducted with varied configurations, such as varied age demographics and clients with data tampering. The results obtained show an average area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.819(95% CI: 0.784 – 0.853) for orbital learning whereas 0.714(95% CI: 0.692 – 0.736) for federated learning. This result shows an increase in overall performance and establishes that the proposed system can address the majority of the issues faced by existing decentralised learning methodologies.
Analysis of Path finding techniques for flying robots through intelligent decision making algorithms in Quantum inspired computing environment
Authors: Maity Ritu , Mishra Ruby , Pattnaik Prasant Kumar
Published: July 2023

Path planning is one of the most significant and challenging parts in the development of unmanned aerial vehicles. Over years many path-planning techniques are proposed and are being successfully used in various fields. Intelligent algorithms can be used for building autonomous drones. Though a number of algorithms haven been proposed in past few years but there is lack of research papers which compares different path planning algorithm and to find the optimal one by considering important parameters required for path planning of flying robot. Here we have used five varieties of algorithms ie ABC, ACO, PSO Quantum PSO, and hybrid algorithm which is a combination of ABC and PSO for path planning of our developed fixed-wing type flying robot for operating inside a closed room environment. We have used the quantum-inspired computing method as its search performance is better as compared to classical techniques. Then we tried to compare and find the best algorithm for our flying robot out of the above five algorithms using multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) and TOPSIS where the following parameters like minimum cost, the shortest path traveled, and the least time taken were considered to find the most relevant results for autonomous flying robot path planning.
A grid and consensus based privacy preservation scheme for crowdsensing
Authors: Zheng Xiao dong , Cui Lianhe , Yuan Qi , Feng Guangsheng
Published: July 2023

In the process of task allocation in crowdsensing, the precise location of the sensing initiator or the location of the sensing user may be released to each other, which will violate the privacy of various users in crowdsensing. Thus, in order to cope with the problem of privacy leakage in crowdsensing, and further deal with the problem of inconformity in feeding back results, in this paper, a privacy preservation scheme for crowdsensing which is based on the conception of division grids and distributed consensus (short for GDDCC) has been proposed. In this scheme, the region used to publish sensing tasks is divided into smaller girds with enough sensing users, and a sub-area with sensing grids is sent to all users in this region. Then sensing users in each grid unify their sensing results and send the consensus result as the precise result to the sensing initiator. As a result, during the process of crowdsensing, the sensing initiator does not know the precise location of the sensing user and the sensing user does not know the precise location of the sensing initiator, so the privacy of each entity in the crowdsensing is preserved. In addition, the idea of prefix membership verification is used to preserve the privacy of sensing users in the same grid during the process of result consensus. Then in the section of security analysis, the privacy security of each entity is analysed, and in the section of performance analysis, experimental results with elaborate reasons are given to further demonstrate the superiority of the proposed GDDCC.
A Novel Algorithm for Pre-Processing of WT Blade Images by SS and Bilateral Filter with Machine Learning Frameworks
Authors: Chen Joy I. Z. , Lee Chien-Yeh
Published: July 2023

This article is based on the motivation of turbine migration, selects high-dimensional data from the data set of WT (wind turbine) blades, overfitting and strict feature selection are the three keys to solving the problem of NN (neural network) computing systems. For the above-mentioned conflicting problem, in this study, the characteristics of the WT including the similarity in the color of WT blades and the difference in shape are deployed to evaluate the performance of the machine learning system. Therefore, the pre-processing with Bilateral filter is applied to join with the SS (selective synthesizer) of blade fouling patterns are proposed where adopts the framework of ResNet50 to examine the computational efficiency in the study. The experimental results verify that according to the feature selection after the introduction of the SS method, the accuracy rate of the NN model can reach higher than 92%. Finally, it is found that when the proposed CC (correlation coefficient) and SS are combined, the image pre-processing of the machine learning image data model can show the most significant feature selection performance. For the purpose of data validation, the YOLO (Only Look Once) deep learning framework. The reason for using YOLOv4-Tiny is that the current YOLO framework can obtain a compromise balance and practical recognition in terms of affecting the recognition speed and accuracy rate. Moreover, it has been integrated with the edge computing hardware Nvidia Jetson Nano.
Supplemented Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Kochhar Supriya , Madhu Charu , Garg Nidhi
Published: July 2023

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) encompass multiple sensor nodes. There is a restrained amount of energy, memory capacity and information processing ability affiliated to the sensor nodes. So this necessitates the requirement of schemes where energy of individual nodes can be preserved by minimizing the distance over which each node has to send data. This was made possible through clustering protocols. In clustering, the member nodes transfer their recorded data to the cluster leader and the cluster leader communicates the recuperated and ameliorated information to the terminal station thereby conserving energy. Also, lifespan, packet transmission ability, throughput and energy-efficiency of the network are other significant parameters for Wireless Sensor Networks. Clustering methods play a great role in establishing a sound and genuine communication keeping in view the above parameters. Numerous efforts are continuously being made to further ameliorate the pre-existing clustering protocols and enhance the network productivity. In this paper, we have recommended a new clustering algorithm SDEEC (Supplemented Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering) to augment the performance of WSNs. It has been observed by simulative analysis that the novel proposed algorithm SDEEC elevates the lifetime, improves the packet transmission ability, enhances the throughput and even boosts the energy-efficiency of wireless sensor networks thus surpassing the pre-existing DEEC protocol with respect to these parameters.
A cerebral organoid autonomically maintains the shape of the organic muscle cell actuators
Authors: Furusawa Kazuya , Teramae Ryo , Ohashi Hirono , Shimizu Masahiro
Published: July 2023

Neurons are potential building blocks for implementing self-modifying and autonomous functions in robots. Cerebral organoids (COs) can partially reproduce the tissue morphology and cellular diversity of the brain and are suitable for implementing more complex self-modifying and autonomous functions. In this study, we assembled a bio-robot by connecting the CO to a functional muscle cell actuator (MCA). Immunofluorescence staining showed that the CO and MCA were extensively connected via axons. However, no significant changes were observed in the autonomic contraction of the MCA. Conversely, inhibition of the connection between the CO and MCA, which was blocked by a curare, resulted in a significant relaxation of the MCA. This result suggests that the CO controls the balance of the contraction force of the individual myotubes in the MCA, thus maintaining the shape of the MCA. The conclusion from this research could be a basis for an effective strategy for constructing a bio-robot with self-modifying and spontaneous functions using CO.