bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE POETIC NEW SPEECH IN THE WORKS OF DESANKA MAKSIMOVICH AND ELISAVETA BAGRYANA (1920S AND 1930S)
Authors: RAKYOVSKI Tsvetan
Published: May 2021

The article examines the work of the Serbian poet Desanka Maksimovich and the Bulgarian poet Elisaveta Bagryana, written between the two world wars. The two poetesses were formed under similar conditions and close cultural situations. This implies common trends and artistic horizons. Desanka Maksimovich and Elisaveta Bagryana are also the first serious representatives of the "female" writing in poetry.
The specific modernism of the two authors is analyzed against the background of the poetic avant-garde at the time. The modern writing of Desanka Maksimovich and Elisaveta Bagryan demonstrates a violation of the classical form of the verse (number of syllables, verse length, correct rhyme), use of excessively long verses, long words and overcoming of the traditional understanding of verse harmony (rhythm). This makes the two poets unexpectedly different and fresh voices against the background of the male lyrical poetry of the same time. The poetic books of Desanka Maksimovich and Elisaveta Bagryana became literary phenomena in the time between the two world wars. However, they also became an example to several generations of poetesses, which were born of their energy. The Serbian and Bulgarian lyre make an important contribution to the development of female poetry in the region of the Balkan cultures and their poetic images.
Alexitimia y agresión en adolescentes: sus diferencias de género
Authors: Carrasco-Muñoz Miguel , Martínez-Morales Cecilia , Pajuelo-Garay Paola
Published: May 2021

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Pain Management Strategies Postoperatively in Arthroscopy of Foot & Ankle: A Review Article
Authors: LaPorte C , Rahl MD , Ayeni OR , Menge TJ
Published: May 2021

Foot & Ankle arthroscopy is an increasingly rapid field in the treatment of multiple hip conditions, owing to its important diagnostic and therapeutic benefit. As these patients lack a consistent pain relief plan, effective post-operative pain control appears to be a concern. Several methods were used to identify a method that decreases post-operative pain, narcotic intake and hospital and treatment system costs. This article aims to study and report the relevant findings of the previous paper “Post-operative pain management strategies in hip arthroscopy.” Latest research encourages the use of a multimodal approach to the treatment of postoperative pain in hip arthroscopic patients. In tandem with peripheral nerve blocks or intraoperative anesthetic injection a pre- and after-operative analgesic regimen is used, patients experience lower discomfort and post-operative narcotic use. Different methods are similar in post-operative pain and opioid use. However, of those undergoing Intraarticular (IA) or Local Anesthetic Infiltration (LAI), postoperative risks relative to peripheral nervous blocks are smaller. Latest trials have demonstrated that the best and most reliable, multi-modal treatment for the reduction of postoperative pain in these patients may be intraoperative techniques such as IA injection or LAI in combination with a pre and postoperative analgesy. Furthermore, failure to use the peripheral nerve block can result in lower anesthesia procedural fees and operating room turnover, thereby lowering patients’ costs and increasing facility effectiveness.
Beta-Chitosane as a Treatment for Ulcerative Colitis: Therapeutic Effectiveness and Possible Mechanisms of Action
Authors: Laribi-Habchi H , Yasmine L , Zineb S , Boucherit A , Kenza A
Published: May 2021

Purpose: Colitis is a widespread inflammatory bowel disease with heterogeneous etiology (genetic and immunological). It is treated with drugs such as steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory that, in the long term, can cause side effects. For this reason, the exploitation of natural resources to combat this type of disease is the concern of researchers. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the anti-colitis (anti-inflammatory) effect of β-Chitosane induced in albino mice by acetic acid (5%). Methods: Mices were separated into six groups: the witness (untreated and not ulcerated), negative control group (ulcerated and untreated), the positive control ulcerated and treated with the Dexaméthasone® (1 mg/kg), and test groups ulcerated and treated with different doses of β-Chitosane (0.5 g/ kg; 0.75 g/ kg and 1 g/ kg) for the entire treatment estimated to six-days. β-Chitosane efficacy was evaluated by macroscopic and microscopic scores. Results: The clinical scores showed that β-Chitosane with a dose of 1 g/kg for the entire treatment significantly reduced the damage caused by acetic acid with a score of (3.41 ± 1.45) compared to those of the positive control which reduced less the inflammation (6.26 ± 1.23). The histological study of the colons was able to validate the effect of β-Chitosane by decreasing neutrophil infiltration and ulceration in the colon as well as by structural recovery of the mucosa. Conclusion: These results provide evidence that β-Chitosane has a protective effect against ulcerative colitis that may be due to its antioxidant, anti infectious, anti-inflammatory and healing activities.
Calculation of Air Kerma of CT Contrast Agents and Painkiller
Authors: Tekerek S
Published: May 2021

In this study have investigated the mass attenuation coefficient and air Kerma of some CT contrast agents and painkiller. The mass attenuation coefficient and air Kerma of Iotrolan, Iodixanol, Iohexol, Ioxilan, Ioversol, Iomeprol, Ketoprofen, Flurbiprofen, Etodolac, İbuprofen, Meloxicam, Diflofenac and Aspirin have been calculated by using WinXCom in the energy range from 1 keV to 1000 keV. The current study would be useful to develop new shielding materials in radiation application fields.
Медиакоммуникации в современной журналистике. Часть 2
Authors: Makarova N. Ya , Yarnykh V. I. , Nevenc D. V.
Published: May 2021

Учебно-методическое пособие «Медиакоммуникации в современной журналистике» (часть 2) посвящено актуальным проблемам глобального медиапространства. Во второй части пособия рассматриваются три аспекта современной медиакоммуникации, которые играют ключевую роль в профессиональном журналистском образовании на бакалаврском уровне: технология интервью, современные медиакоммуникации в глобальном мире и современная система СМИ. Пособие предназначено для преподавания дисциплин, направленных на формирование коммуникативных компетенций будущего медиаспециалиста. Пособие адресовано преподавателям и студентам факультетов и отделений журналистики, а также всем интересующимся современным состоянием медиакоммуникаций.
SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT OF THE RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN LITHUANIA
Authors: Kanapeckienė Loreta , Tupėnaitė Laura , Jucienė Greta Saulytė , Geipele Ineta
Published: May 2021

Development of real estate has the potential to advance sustainability. This is particularly important in residential sector as it plays a crucial role in the lives of habitats and directly influences their welfare. As populations grow and cities expand, the demand for real estate increases and construction volumes rise. Assurance of sustainability in the residential projects becomes a new concern of real estate developers and construction companies.
This article aims to analyse in more detail the concept of a sustainable residential construction and the evaluation criteria. In the first part the concept of sustainable development and its dimensions in residential construction are analysed. The second part describes the research methodology. In the third part, the research methodology is applied to the evaluation of five residential construction projects in Vilnius, Lithuania. The fourth part describes the possibilities of using wooden construction to improve the sustainability of residential construction projects.
A Detailed Characterization of HR 8799's Debris Disk with ALMA in Band 7
Authors: Faramaz Virginie , Marino Sebastian , Booth Mark , Matrà Luca , Mamajek Eric E. , Bryden Geoffrey , Stapelfeldt Karl R. , Casassus Simon , Cuadra Jorge , Hales Antonio S. , Zurlo Alice
Published: May 2021

The exoplanetary system of HR 8799 is one of the rare systems in which multiple planets have been directly imaged. Its architecture is strikingly similar to that of the solar system, with the four imaged giant planets surrounding a warm dust belt analogous to the Asteroid Belt, and themselves being surrounded by a cold dust belt analog to the Kuiper Belt. Previous observations of this cold belt with ALMA in Band 6 (1.3 mm) revealed its inner edge, but analyses of the data differ on its precise location. It was therefore unclear whether or not the outermost planet HR 8799 b was dynamically sculpting it. We present here new ALMA observations of this debris disk in Band 7 (340 GHz, 880 μm). These are the most detailed observations of this disk obtained so far, with a resolution of 1″ (40 au) and sensitivity of 9.8 μJy beam−1, which allowed us to recover the disk structure with high confidence. In order to constrain the disk morphology, we fit its emission using radiative transfer models combined with a Markov Chain Monte Carlo procedure. We find that this disk cannot be adequately represented by a single power law with sharp edges. It exhibits a smoothly rising inner edge and smoothly falling outer edge, with a peak in between, as expected from a disk that contains a high-eccentricity component, hence confirming previous findings. Whether this excited population and inner edge shape stem from the presence of an additional planet remains, however, an open question.
The Nature of Soft Excess in ESO 362-G18 Revealed by XMM-Newton and NuSTAR Spectroscopy
Authors: Xu Yerong , García Javier A. , Walton Dominic J. , Connors Riley M. T. , Madsen Kristin , Harrison Fiona A.
Published: May 2021

We present a detailed spectral analysis of the joint XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations of the active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the Seyfert 1.5 Galaxy ESO 362-G18. The broadband (0.3–79 keV) spectrum shows the presence of a power-law continuum with a soft excess below 2 keV, iron Kα emission (∼6.4 keV), and a Compton hump (peaking at ∼20 keV). We find that the soft excess can be modeled by two different possible scenarios: a warm (kT
e ∼ 0.2 keV) and optically thick (τ ∼ 34) Comptonizing corona, or with a relativistically blurred reflection off a high-density (

) inner disk. These two models cannot be easily distinguished solely from their fit statistics. However, the low temperature (kT
e ∼ 20 keV) and the thick optical depth (τ ∼ 5) of the hot corona required by the warm corona scenario are uncommon for AGNs. We also fit a “hybrid” model, which includes both disk reflection and a warm corona. Unsurprisingly, as this is the most complex of the models considered, this provides the best fit, and more reasonable coronal parameters. In this case, the majority of the soft excess flux arises in the warm corona component. However, based on recent simulations of warm coronae, it is not clear whether such a structure can really exist at the low accretion rates relevant for ESO 362-G18 (

). This may therefore argue in favor of a scenario in which the soft excess is instead dominated by the relativistic reflection. Based on this model, we find that the data would require a compact hot corona (h ∼ 3 R
Horizon) around a rapidly spinning (a
⋆ > 0.927) black hole.
The Effect of Inefficient Accretion on Planetary Differentiation
Authors: Cambioni Saverio , Jacobson Seth A. , Emsenhuber Alexandre , Asphaug Erik , Rubie David C. , Gabriel Travis S. J. , Schwartz Stephen R. , Furfaro Roberto
Published: May 2021

Pairwise collisions between terrestrial embryos are the dominant means of accretion during the last stage of planet formation. Hence, their realistic treatment in N-body studies is critical to accurately model the formation of terrestrial planets and to develop interpretations of telescopic and spacecraft observations. In this work, we compare the effects of two collision prescriptions on the core−mantle differentiation of terrestrial planets: a model in which collisions are always completely accretionary (“perfect merging”), and a more realistic model based on neural networks that has been trained on hydrodynamical simulations of giant impacts. The latter model is able to predict the loss of mass due to imperfect accretion and the evolution of nonaccreted projectiles in hit-and-run collisions. We find that the results of the neural network model feature a wider range of final core mass fractions and metal−silicate equilibration pressures, temperatures, and oxygen fugacities than the assumption of perfect merging. When used to model collisions in N-body studies of terrestrial planet formation, the two models provide similar answers for planets more massive than ≈0.1 M
⊕ (Earth masses). For less massive final bodies, however, the inefficient-accretion model predicts a higher degree of compositional diversity. This phenomenon is not reflected in planet formation models of the solar system that use perfect merging to determine collisional outcomes. Our findings confirm the role of giant impacts as important drivers of planetary diversity and encourage a realistic implementation of inefficient accretion in future accretion studies.
Description of Physical Activities in the Elderly with Hypertension in Posbindu Sumber Sehat, Demak Regency
Authors: Soesanto Edy , Khoiriyah Khoiriyah , Handayani Ike Fitri
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Degenerative processes in the elderly can cause various kinds of disorders, including cardiovascular disorders such as hypertension. The heart muscle loses contractile efficiency and strength, decreases relaxation of vascular smooth muscle, loss of connective tissue elasticity resulting in decreased ability to stretch, and decreases the ability of blood vessels to stand up. Physical activity can have an impact on changes in the strength of the smooth muscle in the heart so that the pulse in the heart can be strong and regular.
AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the elderly physical activity level with hypertension in Posbindu Sumber Sehat Kangkung Village, Demak Regency.
METHODS: This type of research is descriptive using a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in Posbindu Sumber Sehat Kangkung Village, Demak Regency, with a proportional stratified random sampling technique. The number of samples in this study was 63 elderly with hypertension respondents. The data collection tool uses the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Analysis of the data used frequency distribution.
RESULTS: The results showed that the elderly physical activity with hypertension was included in the category of moderate physical activity (60.3%); blood pressure in elderly with hypertension was mostly included in the category of mild hypertension (54.0%).
CONCLUSION: Based on these results, it is expected that elderly with hypertension will always increase physical activity, especially the frequency and duration that is carried out according to ability.
„Es kann die Spur von meinen Erdetagen nicht in Äonen untergehn“? Der Mythos von Philemon und Baucis im letzten Akt von Goethes Faust II als Topos der Ökokritik avant la lettre
Authors: Zschachlitz Ralf
Published: May 2021

Le mythe de Philémon et Baucis d’Ovide repris par Goethe dans le deuxième Faust , servira de fil conducteur à une lecture écocritique et actualisante du dernier acte du Faust II à l’époque de l’anthropocène. Dans une deuxième partie, la réception du même mythe sera analysée dans des textes d’histoire des idées de la deuxième moitié du xx e  siècle (Adorno, Ernst Jünger, Oskar Negt) qui anticipent de manière le plus souvent encore implicite la lecture écocritique de la pièce de Goethe. Lu dans cette perspective, le Faust devient une pièce maîtresse dans l’histoire culturelle de la critique du progrès.
Bias Does Not Exist in Treating Knee Periprosthetic Joint Infection Among Patients With Substance Use Disorder
Authors: Smith Eric L. , Dugdale Evan M. , McAlpine Kenneth , Habibi Akram A. , Niu Ruijia , Baratz Michael D. , Freccero David M.
Published: May 2021

Debridement, antibiotics with implant retention (DAIR), and 2-stage revision are standard surgical interventions for treating knee periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Patients with substance use disorder (SUD), especially addictive drug use disorder (DUD), have been shown to receive inferior medical care in many specialties compared with nonusers. The authors identified patients with a diagnosis of PJI after knee arthroplasty who received either DAIR or 2-stage revision with the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from 2010 to 2014. Patients were stratified into 2 groups, patients with DUD and nonusers, based on
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,
5th Edition, criteria. Descriptive analysis was conducted to show the national trend for knee PJI treatment among the 2 patient groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to compare the prevalence of DAIR and 2-stage revision between these 2 groups, adjusted for likely confounders, including age, sex, income, race, and comorbidities. Among the 11,331 patients with knee infection, 139 (1.23%) had DUD. Compared with nonusers, patients with DUD were significantly younger (
P
<.001), had more chronic conditions (
P
<.001), and were predominantly in lower income quartiles (
P
=.046). The 2 groups did not differ in sex and race (
P
=.072 and
P
=.091, respectively). The authors found that 30.22% of patients with DUD and 36.36% of nonusers received DAIR. The difference in these proportions was not statistically significant (
P
=.135). The results did not change after adjustment for confounding factors (
P
=.509). The findings suggested that bias does not exist among orthopedic surgeons who choose DAIR or 2-stage revision for knee PJI among patients with DUD. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(3):e385–e389.]
Level of Supervision and Radiation Exposure of Senior Orthopedic Residents During Surgical Treatment of Proximal Femur Fracture
Authors: Carrazana-Suárez Luis F. , Rodríguez-Pérez Manuel , Rivera Lenny , Campa Carlos , Olivella Gerardo , Ramírez Norman , Lojo-Sojo Luis
Published: May 2021

The sustained use of intraoperative fluoroscopy has led to increased use of minimally invasive surgical techniques, enhanced surgeon proficiency, improved anatomic corrections, reduced patient morbidity, earlier functional recovery, and decreased length of hospital stay. As a result, orthopedic attending surgeons and residents are exposed to more radiation, increasing the risk of cancer and radiation-induced cataracts compared with the general population and those who work in other surgical specialties. The magnitude of radiation exposure depends on the susceptibility of the tissues affected, medical specialty, the position of the C-arm, distance from the radiation beam, level of difficulty of the surgical procedure, surgeon experience, level of resident training, and level of supervision by the attending surgeon. However, little information is available on the effect of supervision level on radiation exposure for orthopedic senior residents. The goal of this study was to investigate whether level of supervision by the attending surgeon affects the radiation exposure of orthopedic senior residents during surgical treatment of proximal femur fracture with cephalomedullary nail fixation. This retrospective cohort study was performed from January 2019 to March 2019. No significant relationship between supervision level and radiation exposure of senior residents was observed. Supervision level does not significantly affect radiation exposure for senior residents; therefore, the implementation of standardized training in radiation safety may be a more essential measure to decrease radiation exposure. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(3):e402–e406.]
Complications Associated With Intravenous Antibiotic Treatment for
Cutibacterium acnes
Periprosthetic Shoulder Infection
Authors: Henry Tyler W. , Entezari Vahid , Ghoraishian Mohammad , Williams Gerald R. , Namdari Surena
Published: May 2021

Whether positive
Cutibacterium acnes
cultures during revision shoulder arthroplasty represent true periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), deep tissue inoculant, or laboratory contaminant is a point of substantial controversy. The purpose of this study was to review complications of intravenous antibiotics used for treatment of presumed
C acnes
shoulder PJI. A study population of 26 patients treated for
C acnes
PJI with a minimum follow-up of 2 years after operative treatment was established. Complication occurrence and severity were obtained through chart review and phone survey. Sixteen (61.5%) patients experienced a therapeutic complication. Twelve (46.2%) patients experienced a total of 47 antibiotic-associated adverse effects and 10 (38.5%) patients experienced 11 total peripherally inserted central catheter line–associated complications. Female sex carried an increased risk for severe complications (relative risk, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.2–9.5;
P
=.024). Treatment duration of greater than 6 weeks was a significant predictor for the total number of complications experienced [
F
(1,23)=5.361;
P
=.030; adjusted
R
2
=0.189]. Age older than 65 years, treatment duration greater than 6 weeks, and female sex were significant predictors for the number of severe complications [
F
(3,21)=3.249;
P
=.042; adjusted
R
2
=0.219]. Treating
C acnes
infection with intravenous antibiotics carries a substantial risk of adverse events, highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis of shoulder PJI. Further investigations into the efficacy and safety profile of oral antibiotics for shoulder PJI are necessary. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(3):e422–e426.]
Patient Satisfaction After Discharge Is Discordant With Reported Inpatient Experience
Authors: Joseph Katherine , Udogwu Ugochukwu N. , Manson Theodore T. , Ludwig Steven C. , Banagan Kelley E. , Baker Mitchell , Yousaf Imran S. , Yousaf Omer , Demyanovich Haley , Pollak Andrew N. , O'Toole Robert V. , O'Hara Nathan N.
Published: May 2021

Patient satisfaction measures are commonly used to evaluate clinical performance. However, research on the correlation between patient satisfaction scores and actual patient experience is limited. This study aimed to determine the concordance between patient satisfaction reported as an inpatient and patient satisfaction reported after discharge. The study enrolled 231 adult orthopedic patients at least 48 hours after admission to an academic hospital. Study participants rated their overall inpatient experience on a scale of 0 to 10, followed by open-ended questions on their hospital experience. Participants were then randomized to a second survey by either phone or mail at 4 to 6 weeks after discharge. Statistical and qualitative techniques were used to assess concordance in satisfaction scores and the agreement and association between patient experiences and patient satisfaction scores. The median overall patient satisfaction scores were 9.5 as inpatients (interquartile range [IQR], 8-10) and 10 at follow-up (IQR, 8-10), with a poor concordance between the inpatient and follow-up satisfaction scores (ρ
c
=0.28). This study raises concerns regarding the validity of patient satisfaction measures to accurately quantify inpatient experience and the limitations related to its modes of administration. The authors observed poor agreement between the reported experience as an inpatient and the recollection of the inpatient experience after discharge. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(3):e427–e433.]
Comparison of Cement Leakage Rate and Severity After Percutaneous Vertebroplasty for Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures Using Front-Opening Versus Side-Opening Cannulas
Authors: Wu Zixian , Y Linqiang , Mo Ling , Jiang Xiaobing , Cui Jianchao , Feng Yuanlan , Zhang Jiarui , Yao Zhensong , Liang De , Tang Jingjing
Published: May 2021

The authors assessed the occurrence and severity of cement leakage (CL) following percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) performed using front-opening cannulas (FOCs) vs side-opening cannulas (SOCs). This retrospective cohort study included 811 patients with single-level OVCFs who underwent PVP between March 2016 and September 2018. The 264 patients who met the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups according to whether the procedure was performed using a FOC (n=128) or a SOC (n=136). Visual analog scale score, Oswestry Disability Index, local kyphotic angle, vertebral height, amount of bone cement injected, and rate of CL were compared between the groups. Types of CL were classified according to postoperative computed tomography. The CL types were further classified according to severity (mild and severe). Visual analog scale score, Oswestry Disability Index, local kyphotic angle, and vertebral height were all significantly improved after surgery. The total incidence of CL was significantly higher for FOCs than for SOCs (
P
=.001). Similarly, the occurrence of the CL subtypes was significantly higher for FOCs than for SOCs (B type,
P
=.033; C type,
P
=.01; and S type,
P
=.015). Analysis of CL type severity revealed that the rates of severe D type (intradiskal leakage category of the C type) and severe S type were significantly lower for SOCs than for FOCs (
P
=.001), while the incidence of severe B type leaks was not significantly different between the groups (
P
=.443). Percutaneous vertebroplasty performed using SOCs decreases the incidence and severity of D type and S type CL compared with FOCs. Secondary classification of CL could help physicians better understand the severity of leakage and select a more appropriate surgical approach to reduce CL. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(3):134–140.]
Experiences of Daughters Caring for a Parent With Alzheimer's Disease Living at Home
Authors: DiLeone Christine
Published: May 2021

The current study used purposeful and snowball sampling to interview 12 daughters who were care-givers to their parents with Alzheimer's disease. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews and were analyzed using Colaizzi's descriptive phenomenological approach. Caregiving years ranged from 1 to 10 years, with a mean of 5 years. Six themes were uncovered: (a
) Where Are You When I Need You?
; (b
) Safety First
; (c)
I Don't Know What to Say or How to Say It
; (d)
They Are Beautiful People, but They Aren't Trained
; (e)
Letting Go of Who They Were
; and (f)
It Affects Every Area of My Life
. Findings suggest that caregiver daughters of parents with AD living at home are struggling and indicate a need for better support of caregivers. Implications for nursing practice, research, and education are significant and require a greater focus on the support of informal caregivers of persons with AD. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 14
(4), 191–199.]
Philosopher avec les enfants dès l’école élémentaire grâce à la littérature : analyse d’un corpus de trois années d’ateliers de philosophie en cycle 3
Authors: Chirouter Edwige
Published: May 2021

Il n’y a pas d’âge pour se poser des questions philosophiques et, très tôt, face à l’étonnement devant le monde, les enfants s’interrogent sur la vie, la mort et les relations humaines. L’enfant serait par excellence celui qui, selon l’expression de G. Deleuze, fait « l’idiot » et pose la question du pourquoi et de l’essence des choses en toute naïveté et intensité. La pratique de « la philosophie avec les enfants » se développe ainsi en Europe depuis une vingtaine d'années. Cette pratique répond au besoin de démocratisation d’une discipline jugée trop souvent comme hermétique et élitiste. Dans le même temps, la littérature de jeunesse semble avoir pris en compte ces interrogations métaphysiques. Les programmes de littérature à l‘école primaire insistent d’ailleurs sur cette dimension des œuvres et incitent à des débats réflexifs. C’est dans cette brèche que tous ceux qui souhaitent une initiation précoce à la philosophie ont pu s’engouffrer pour mettre en place des séances dans les classes. Le monde de l‘enfance pourrait ainsi être aujourd’hui le pont qui permettrait de réconcilier deux disciplines dont l’histoire s’est trop longtemps écrite sous les signes de la concurrence et de la méfiance réciproques. Elles pourraient ainsi retrouver leur alliance originelle : au-delà des formes spécifiques qu’elles entretiennent avec le langage, elles sont toutes les deux des discours qui visent à donner sens et intelligibilité à notre existence. Disciplines trop longtemps conflictuelles, la littérature et la philosophie ne trouveraient-elles pas ainsi une nouvelle complémentarité grâce au développement conjoint de leur didactique avec les enfants ?
Philosopher avec des enfants en psychiatrie
Authors: Remacle Marianne , François Anne
Published: May 2021

Depuis 2002, un atelier de pratique philosophique a été instauré dans une unité de psychiatrie infanto-juvénile (Belgique). Il fait partie intégrante du projet thérapeutique de l'unité. Le mode opératoire de l'atelier hebdomadaire, qui vise à développer les aptitudes propres au philosopher (conceptualiser, problématiser et argumenter) est encadré par un protocole qui garantit l'expression de chaque enfant et permet la poursuite du travail par une activité dans le secteur des arts plastiques. L’utilisation de textes métaphoriques sert de support au processus de symbolisation et permet aux enfants de panser leurs pensées. Le travail d'évaluation qui est mis en place autour de l'atelier cherche à comprendre comment l'activité du « philosopher » est de nature à soutenir le travail des cliniciens et à aider les enfants à reconstruire du sens dans un parcours de vie parfois très déstructuré.
Une représentation des élèves en difficulté (et de leur prise en charge) dépendante des dispositifs construits par le collectif d’enseignants
Authors: Lefeuvre Gwénaël
Published: May 2021

Jusqu’à présent, peu de recherches se sont centrées sur l’étude de la relation entre le travail collectif des enseignants au sein de l’école et leurs pratiques d’enseignement en situation de classe. Nous proposons, dans le cadre de ce texte, d’étudier cette relation à partir de l’approche sociocognitive de l’apprentissage professionnel, plus précisément au travers de la mobilisation du concept d’instrument psychologique développé par Vygotski puis plus récemment par Rabardel. A partir d’une recherche exploratoire, nous montrerons comment la participation des enseignants de cours préparatoire (CP) à un dispositif pédagogique interclasses, élaboré par le collectif de l’école, peut être dépendante des représentations relatives à l’identification et à la prise en charge des élèves en difficulté au sein de leur classe. Le dispositif pédagogique interclasses dépasse alors le statut de simple outil de travail pour devenir un instrument psychologique qui a des fonctions de médiation épistémique et pragmatique dans le cadre des pratiques de prise en charge des élèves en difficulté.
Recherche collatérale : rôles et enjeux des traces écrites dans l’accompagnement d’équipes d’écoles primaires
Authors: Raimondi Martine Janner
Published: May 2021

Accompagner une équipe d’enseignants du premier degré, dans le cadre d’une recherche, alors même que les accompagnants ont exercé les métiers de conseiller pédagogique et de formateur d’enseignants dans le même département, oblige à redoubler de vigilance afin d’éviter l’amalgame des postures et le brouillage des visées. Si le choix d’une recherche collaborative fut aidant pour identifier le but d’autonomisation des acteurs et une posture éthique de recherche ; il restait à trouver comment concrétiser cette double visée. Le dispositif de médiation mis en œuvre s’appuyait sur la rédaction et l’envoi systématique de traces écrites aux accompagnés ; non seulement, pour mettre à distance notre implication et œuvrer ainsi davantage dans le réfléchissement que dans le conseil ; mais aussi, pour permettre aux membres des équipes de continuer de s’inscrire dans la trajectoire identitaire professionnelle de leur communauté de pratique. Ce texte vise moins à faire le point sur l’objet de la recherche internationale ECOS dans laquelle il s’inscrit, que les conditions qui nous sont apparues nécessaires à mettre en place pour pouvoir réaliser l’accompagnement lui-même, au regard du contexte de celle-ci. C’est pourquoi, loin de chercher à identifier les perceptions de changement dans les écoles au niveau des enseignants membres de l’équipe pédagogique, nous tâcherons de regarder de près le dispositif de médiation mis en œuvre dans le cadre de l’accompagnement de trois écoles : comment identifier les caractéristiques des traces écrites d’accompagnement fournies ? Quel(s) rôle(s) ont-elles pu jouer tant du côté des accompagnants que des accompagnés ?
Between Pedagogy and Andragogy
Authors: Khaldi Maha , Erradi Mohammad
Published: May 2021

In this chapter, the authors define pedagogy after having given an insight into so-called new pedagogies, comparing them with traditional pedagogy. Then they define the different types of pedagogies by offering examples each time. And they then define andragogy after proposing a historical overview of the concept. Then the authors define the principles of andragogy. Finally, they propose a comparison between pedagogy and andragogy according to the researchers' points of view by first proposing a comparison between the child and the adult.
Role of the Social Constructivist Theory, Andragogy, and Computer-Mediated Instruction (CMI) in Adult ESL Learning and Teaching Environments
Authors: Khadimally Seda
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this chapter is to explore whether social constructivism promotes mobile technology rich, student-centered learning/teaching practices, leading adult English as a second language (ESL) students to transform into self-directed learners. Under this theory, a shift from teacher-centered English language learning to a student-oriented approach to how students acquire basic English skills is promoted and students' possible transformation into independent and autonomous learners is fostered because, by use of mobile technologies, they may successfully transfer information from their previous experiences to their current knowledge. Incorporating mobile learning (m-Learning) into their instruction and making social constructivism an integral part of their curriculum, ESL teachers can contribute to their students transformation into self-directed learners as an active, knowledge-building community and in charge of their own learning processes, which explains that this theory is highly compatible with the principles grounded in what Knowles proposed as a progressive learning approach for adult education: andragogy.
Teaching the Adult Learner
Authors: Baran Mette L.
Published: May 2021

Several authors have discussed that the current structure of the educational system, geared to creating successful employees and consumers, is not adequate for the needs of today's students. Higher education continues to struggle. Today, it is imperative that higher education institutions find renewed confidence from public constituents. The emphasis on this chapter will be what faculty members can focus on to strengthen the learning and quality outcomes of instruction by developing trusting relationships with students and enhanced student motivation.
Designing Innovative Faculty Development Initiatives Through the Lens of the Adult Learner
Authors: Gaimaro Amy , Lomellini Amy
Published: May 2021

As adult learners, faculty bring a range of experiences, content knowledge, and motivations with regard to the learning environment. With the continued growth of online enrollment, colleges and universities are focusing on learning theory, course design, and pedagogical shifts for teaching in today's classroom. Faculty development staff can use adult learning theories to guide the creation of alternative ways to deliver professional development. The authors highlight instructional design and program assessment as critical areas in supporting quality faculty development programs. This chapter will discuss trends in online education, adult learning theory research, the role of the instructional designer, and assessment of faculty development programs.
Culturally Inclusive Teaching of Adult English Language Learners
Authors: Rhodes Christy Michele , Lohr Kathy Diane
Published: May 2021

The growing diversity of the United States population continues to impact public education in many ways. One key area has been the increased awareness of the need to adapt learning environments to enhance the motivation of students from traditionally underrepresented backgrounds. Culturally responsive teaching is one approach designed to increase motivation by replacing mainstream teaching practices with those grounded in students' experiences and ways of knowing. This multicultural approach is enacted in many adult English language classes throughout the country. It is the purpose of this chapter to highlight those practices for the larger adult education community.
Guidelines for Lifelong Education Management to Mobilize Learning Community
Authors: Charungkaittikul Suwithida
Published: May 2021

This article is a study of the guidelines for lifelong education management to mobilize learning communities in the social-cultural context of Thailand is intended to 1) analyze and synthesize the management of lifelong learning to mobilize learning community in the social-cultural context of Thailand; and 2) propose guidelines for lifelong education management to mobilize learning community in the social-cultural context of Thailand. This article applies qualitative research methods, using various documents, interviews and focus groups. The results found that these guidelines are the learning processes which affect learning throughout one's life. The guidelines for lifelong education management to mobilize learning communities in the social-cultural context of Thailand consists of these key components; lifelong education management guidelines; and the final products. Finally, lifelong education management guidelines could be used to promote and develop lifelong learning for learning community mobilization based on the social-cultural context in Thailand. It is anticipated that the findings will add meaningful information and practical guidelines for enhancing understanding of guidelines for lifelong education management to mobilize learning community in Thailand, and serve as a basic and comparative outcome for further research.
Applying Andragogical Concepts in Creating a Sustainable Lifelong Learning Society
Authors: Charungkaittikul Suwithida , Henschke John A.
Published: May 2021

Today, the world is changing, re-establishing the role of education to have a developed society. This article aims to explore the practical application of Andragogy as a key element for creating a sustainable lifelong learning society, to propose strategies for developing a lifelong learning society using andragogical concepts, to enhance ‘andragogy' as a scientific academic discipline and to expand on the horizon of andragogical assumptions and processes put forth by Malcolm Knowles. The literature on andragogy demonstrates the need to consider the future of andragogy, which may strengthen the theory and allow for the assumptions and processes to further guide this aspect of adult education. While the journey towards a lifelong learning society will continue to evolve, the lessons learned may help to identify key facilitating factors as well as pitfalls to be avoided in formulating more comprehensive lifelong learning society development strategies in the future.
Using Materials in Refugee and Immigrant Adults' Heritage Languages in Instruction
Authors: Minuz Fernanda , Haznedar Belma , Peyton Joy Kreeft , Young-Scholten Martha
Published: May 2021

There has been a shift in receiving countries and their education programs for adult immigrants around the world. A complete focus on immigrants' cultural integration and learning of the language of the country has shifted to an understanding that supporting heritage language maintenance benefits adults with little or no formal schooling in that language, including a more nuanced sense of identity, stronger second language (L2) and literacy learning, and confidence in supporting the schooling of the younger members of their communities. Teachers and tutors need, but lack, professional development focused on implementing instructional approaches that incorporate this new focus and on using reading materials in learners' languages. This chapter describes a new Online Heritage Language Resource Hub, which gives teachers, tutors, adult learners, and younger members of the community access to materials in hundreds of immigrants' languages. It also provides teachers ways to use the reading materials in the Hub in their classes with adult learners.
Equivalency Programmes Through Open and Distance Learning
Authors: Priyadarshini Anita
Published: May 2021

This chapter outlines the beginnings of equivalency programmes in India through the Open Basic Education programme, which was initiated by National Institute of Open Schooling(NIOS) and supported by the National Literacy Mission. An equivalency programme is an alternative educational programme equivalent to existing formal general or vocational education. The chapter traces the genesis of the Open Basic Education programme and shows how the growth of adult literacy in India led to a demand for equivalent education for neo-literates. The open and distance learning system with its inherent flexibilities became the appropriate vehicle for equivalency programmes. This chapter describes the concept of equivalency, its international context in the developing world and its relevance for out of school adults. The author outlines the design and development of the curriculum, course materials as well as the process of examination and certification. The chapter describes the close partnership between different stakeholders leading to its successful implementation in India.
Adult Education With Technology for Transformative Learning
Authors: Wang Victor , Stelson Uta M.
Published: May 2021

Adult learners often fear that employment will be difficult if they lack technological skills. Newspapers, magazines, and advertisements for positions often emphasize the importance of the use of technology in the workplace. Without adequate skills in the use of appropriate technologies, adult workers may face challenges in finding employment. Web technologies can provide powerful teaching and learning strategies, enhance learner engagement, provide a chance to acquire critical technological skills, and promote critical reflection. This chapter addresses technological applications in vocational and adult education advancement from different perspectives. Technology has the potential to support transformative learning. Technology, along with the vital role of adult educators, helps learners grow, change, and develop. Through the discussion of these, and related issues, a model titled, Learners' Seeking Transformation via Web 2.0 and Web 3.0 Technologies, emerged.
Managing the Utilization of Technologies in Adult Education, Training, and Administration
Authors: Durnali Mehmet
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to investigate and discuss the technologies in Turkey's adult education system in a holistic, systematic way and within a framework with a theoretical basis for the use of the computer, the internet, and web-based technologies in adult education, training, and administration. The web-based applications such as EBA and A-Okul can be very useful for enabling adult learners to acquire a diploma or some certificate. Being able to use technological applications considering all functions and subdivisions can mean learning many tasks, activities, processes, and requirements in adult education. Therefore, it is important to acquire the skills necessary to use these technologies since the algorithms contained in these technological applications are a reflection of the steps of necessary and inclusive tasks, activities, processes in the administration of adult education. The development of the technological capacity of the organization may mean increasing the productivity of the organization.
Utilizing Digital Educational Games to Enhance Adult Learning
Authors: Cordie Leslie , Lin Xi , Whitton Nicola
Published: May 2021

As adult educators, we strive to facilitate learning using a variety of teaching strategies that engage learners. Learning by doing is a powerful method that combines both application and practice to address the needs and motivations of adult learners. Digital educational games provide one type of an engaging instructional strategy for adult learners that can be delivered in both synchronous and asynchronous learning environments. Digital educational games are not something new, however, as they were developed soon after the first computer games (Wolfe & Crookall, 1998). Additionally, game-based educating has been used in many adult learning contexts, including the corporate environment to train staff in financial and economic skills, and in the military system for combat and strategy training (Whitton & Hollins, 2008). Despite these successful applications, there is a lack of recognition of digital educational games as a significant instructional method for the adult learner (Connolly, Boyle, MacArthur, Hainey, & Boyle, 2012; Gros, 2007). In this chapter, we review the research literature on adult learning via games in terms of learner motivation and engagement, specifically focusing on adult learning in the online environment. We will define key terms and essential characteristics of educational games, share best practices for developing and designing engaging educational games as an instructional strategy, and discuss the types of learning outcomes that can be achieved through the use of effective educational games, concentrating on adult learners in the online environment.
Blockchain Technology as a Bridging Infrastructure Among Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Learning Processes
Authors: Bozkurt Aras , Ucar Hasan
Published: May 2021

Blockchain is an online decentralized and distributed ledger technology that has the ability to keep and track records in a safe, verifiable, and transparent manner. More significantly, it has an infrastructure that is compatible with Web 3.0, which offers great potential for lifelong learning. This chapter explains the different modalities of learning (formal, non-formal, informal), blockchain technology, and its current use in educational processes. Based on the findings, the authors suggest that blockchain technology can be used to connect and interlink different educational experiences that occur in different educational modalities, enabling us to evaluate educational processes holistically and thus promote lifelong learning through the use of cutting-edge technologies.
Online Participatory Learning for Low-Qualified Adult Learners
Authors: Marzano Gilberto , Siguencia Luis Ochoa
Published: May 2021

Participatory learning and online learning are increasingly appealing as educational approaches which can positively affect learners. Participatory learning engages students as active participants in the full educational programme, including homework and exercises, whilst online learning offers tools that facilitate learners' collaboration and peer evaluation, minimising student and instructor overhead in the conduction of courses. This article reports on EScAlADE, a two-year EU-funded project initiated at the end of 2015, which focuses on the education of low-skilled adults through participatory online non-formal and informal learning. This article presents and discusses the first phase of the EScAlADE project. Indeed, although their project is still in progress, the authors decided to report on the survey they made at the beginning of the project as well as on a collaborative training event that took place in the intermediate project phase, since a few interesting findings have emerged from them.