bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determining the Mechanisms that Influence the Surface Temperature of Urban Forest Canopies by Combining Remote Sensing Methods, Ground Observations, and Spatial Statistical Models
Authors: Zuo Shudi , Dai Shaoqing , Song Xiaodong , Xu Chengdong , Liao Yilan , Chang Weiyin , Chen Qi , Li Yaying , Tang Jianfeng , Man Wang , Ren Yin
Published: November 2018

The spatiotemporal distribution pattern of the surface temperatures of urban forest canopies (STUFC) is influenced by many environmental factors, and the identification of interactions between these factors can improve simulations and predictions of spatial patterns of urban cool islands. This quantitative research uses an integrated method that combines remote sensing, ground surveys, and spatial statistical models to elucidate the mechanisms that influence the STUFC and considers the interaction of multiple environmental factors. This case study uses Jinjiang, China as a representative of a city experiencing rapid urbanization. We build up a multisource database (forest inventory, digital elevation models, population, and remote sensing imagery) on a uniform coordinate system to support research into the interactions that influence the STUFC. Landsat-5/8 Thermal Mapper images and meteorological data were used to retrieve the temporal and spatial distributions of land surface temperature. Ground observations, which included the forest management planning inventory and population density data, provided the factors that determine the STUFC spatial distribution on an urban scale. The use of a spatial statistical model (GeogDetector model) reveals the interaction mechanisms of STUFC. Although different environmental factors exert different influences on STUFC, in two periods with different hot spots and cold spots, the patch area and dominant tree species proved to be the main factors contributing to STUFC. The interaction between multiple environmental factors increased the STUFC, both linearly and nonlinearly. Strong interactions tended to occur between elevation and dominant species and were prevalent in either hot or cold spots in different years. In conclusion, the combining of multidisciplinary methods (e.g., remote sensing images, ground observations, and spatial statistical models) helps reveal the mechanism of STUFC on an urban scale.
Information-Centric Network-Based Vehicular Communications: Overview and Research Opportunities
Authors: Din Ikram Ud , Kim Byung-Seo , Hassan Suhaidi , Guizani Mohsen , Atiquzzaman Mohammed , Rodrigues Joel J. P. C.
Published: November 2018

Information Centric Network (ICN) is expected to be the favorable deployable future Internet paradigm. ICN intends to replace the current IP-based model with the name-based content-centric model, as it aims at providing better security, scalability, and content distribution. However, it is a challenging task to conceive how ICN can be linked with the other most emerging paradigm, i.e., Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET). In this article, we present an overview of the ICN-based VANET approach in line with its contributions and research challenges.In addition, the connectivity issues of vehicular ICN model is presented with some other emerging paradigms, such as Software Defined Network (SDN), Cloud, and Edge computing. Moreover, some ICN-based VANET research opportunities, in terms of security, mobility, routing, naming, caching, and fifth generation (5G) communications, are also covered at the end of the paper.
User Characteristic Aware Participant Selection for Mobile Crowdsensing
Authors: Wu Dapeng , Li Haopeng , Wang Ruyan
Published: November 2018

Mobile crowdsensing (MCS) is a promising sensing paradigm that leverages diverse embedded sensors in massive mobile devices. One of its main challenges is to effectively select participants to perform multiple sensing tasks, so that sufficient and reliable data is collected to implement various MCS services. Participant selection should consider the limited budget, the different tasks locations, and deadlines. This selection becomes even more challenging when the MCS tries to efficiently accomplish tasks under different heat regions and collect high-credibility data. In this paper, we propose a user characteristics aware participant selection (UCPS) mechanism to improve the credibility of task data in the sparse user region acquired by the platform and to reduce the task failure rate. First, we estimate the regional heat according to the number of active users, average residence time of users and history of regional sensing tasks, and then we divide urban space into high-heat and low-heat regions. Second, the user state information and sensing task records are combined to calculate the willingness, reputation and activity of users. Finally, the above four factors are comprehensively considered to reasonably select the task participants for different heat regions. We also propose task queuing strategies and community assistance strategies to ensure task allocation rates and task completion rates. The evaluation results show that our mechanism can significantly improve the overall data quality and complete sensing tasks of low-heat regions in a timely and reliable manner.
An Intelligent Smart Plug with Shared Knowledge Capabilities
Authors: Gomes Luis , Sousa Filipe , Vale Zita
Published: November 2018

The massive dissemination of smart devices in current markets provides innovative technologies that can be used in energy management systems. Particularly, smart plugs enable efficient remote monitoring and control capabilities of electrical resources at a low cost. However, smart plugs, besides their enabling capabilities, are not able to acquire and communicate information regarding the resource’s context. This paper proposes the EnAPlug, a new environmental awareness smart plug with knowledge capabilities concerning the context of where and how users utilize a controllable resource. This paper will focus on the abilities to learn and to share knowledge between different EnAPlugs. The EnAPlug is tested in two different case studies where user habits and consumption profiles are learned. A case study for distributed resource optimization is also shown, where a central heater is optimized according to the shared knowledge of five EnAPlugs.
Performance Evaluation of a Quality of Service Control Scheme in Multi-Hop WBAN Based on IEEE 802.15.6
Authors: Takabayashi Kento , Tanaka Hirokazu , Sugimoto Chika , Sakakibara Katsumi , Kohno Ryuji
Published: November 2018

The performance of a quality of service (QoS) control scheme in a multi-hop wireless body area network (WBAN) based on the IEEE Std. 802.15.6 is evaluated. In medical Internet of Things systems, WBANs are an important technology. In a previous study, an optimal quality of service control scheme that employs a multiplexing layer for priority scheduling and a decomposable error control coding scheme for WBANs were proposed. However, the two-hop extension supported by IEEE Std.802.15.6 has not been considered. Here, the two-hop extension is applied. Then, the packet error ratio, number of transmissions, and energy efficiency of our previously proposed system are compared to a standard scheme under several conditions. Also, novel evaluations based on communication distance are conducted. Numerical results demonstrate that our proposed scheme, in which coding rates change relative to channel conditions, outperforms standard schemes in many aspects. In addition, those systems show the best performance when the communication distance of the first hop equals that of the second hop. In addition, the above result is theoretically clarified.
A Novel Framework and Enhanced QoS Big Data Protocol for Smart City Applications
Authors: Rani Shalli , Chauhdary Sajjad Hussain
Published: November 2018

Various heterogeneous devices or objects will be integrated for transparent and seamless communication under the umbrella of Internet of things (IoT). This would facilitate the open access of data for the growth of various digital services. Building a general framework of IoT is a complex task because of the heterogeneity in devices, technologies, platforms and services operating in the same system. In this paper, we mainly focus on the framework for Big Data analytics in Smart City applications, which being a broad category specifies the different domains for each application. IoT is intended to support the vision of Smart City, where advance technologies will be used for communication to improve the quality of life of citizens. A novel approach is proposed in this paper to enhance energy conservation and reduce the delay in Big Data gathering at tiny sensor nodes used in IoT framework. To implement the Smart City scenario in terms of Big Data in IoT, an efficient (optimized in quality of service) wireless sensor network (WSN) is required where communication of nodes is energy efficient. Thus, a new protocol, QoS-IoT(quality of service enabled IoT), is proposed on the top layer of the proposed architecture (the five-layer architecture consists of technology, data source, data management, application and utility programs) which is validated over the traditional protocols.
Endogenous or Exogenous? Examining Trans-Boundary Air Pollution by Using the Air Quality Index (AQI): A Case Study of 30 Provinces and Autonomous Regions in China
Authors: Huang Wenyang , Wang Huiwen , Wei Yigang
Published: November 2018

China is experiencing severe environmental degradation, particularly air pollution. To explore whether air pollutants are spatially correlated (i.e., trans-boundary effects) and to analyse the main contributing factors, this research investigates the annual concentration of the Air Quality Index (AQI) and 13 polluting sectors in 30 provinces and autonomous regions across China. Factor analysis, the linear regression model and the spatial auto-regression (SAR) model are employed to analyse the latest data in 2014. Several important findings are derived. Firstly, the global Moran’s I test reveals that the AQI of China shows a distinct positive spatial correlation. The local Moran’s I test shows that significant high–high AQI agglomeration regions are found around the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei area and the regions of low–low AQI agglomeration all locate in south China, including Yunnan, Guangxi and Fujian. Secondly, the effectiveness of the SAR model is much better than that of the linear regression model, with a significantly improved R-squared value from 0.287 to 0.705. A given region’s AQI will rise by 0.793% if the AQI of its ambient region increases by 1%. Thirdly, car ownership, steel output, coke output, coal consumption, built-up area, diesel consumption and electric power output contribute most to air pollution according to AQI, whereas fuel oil consumption, caustic soda output and crude oil consumption are inconsiderably accountable in raising AQI. Fourthly, the air quality in Beijing and Tianjin is under great exogenous influence from nearby regions, such as Hebei’s air pollution, and cross-boundary and joint efforts must be committed by the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region in order to control air pollution.
Assessment of Soil Liquefaction Potential in Kamra, Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Mahmood , Tang Xiao-Wei , Ahmad Feezan , Jamal Arshad
Published: November 2018

In seismically active regions, soil liquefaction is a serious geotechnical engineering problem that mainly occurs in saturated granular soils with a shallow groundwater table. Significant seismic hazards are present in Kamra, Pakistan. With the rapid increase in construction in recent years, the evaluation of liquefaction is now considered to be more important for land use planning and development. The intent of this study is to highlight soil liquefaction susceptibility that will eventually support the national authorities in developing guidelines for sustainable development and the mitigation of liquefaction. The typical subsoil profile of Kamra consists of silty gravel (GM) overlain by silty sand (SM), poorly graded sand (SP), and fill layers. Kamra is close to the active Ranja–Khairabad fault with a peak ground acceleration of 0.24g. The river Sehat and the Ghazi Brotha canal pass through the study area. In this study, the soil liquefaction potential in Kamra was assessed at 10 different sites (50 boreholes) by using a stress-based procedure for calculating the factor of safety against soil liquefaction. The results revealed that the middle layers, i.e., poorly graded sand and silty sand in the subsoil profile, are extremely susceptible to liquefaction during earthquakes with magnitudes between 7.5 and 8.0 in Kamra. The correlation between the factor of safety and the equivalent clean-sand-corrected standard penetration test (SPT) blow counts according to the earthquake magnitudes was developed and can also be utilized for areas adjoining Kamra that have the same subsoil profile.
Patulin in Apples and Apple-Based Food Products: The Burdens and the Mitigation Strategies
Authors: Zhong Lei , Carere Jason , Lu Zhaoxin , Lu Fengxia , Zhou Ting
Published: November 2018

Apples and apple-based products are among the most popular foods around the world for their delightful flavors and health benefits. However, the commonly found mold, Penicillium expansum invades wounded apples, causing the blue mold decay and ensuing the production of patulin, a mycotoxin that negatively affects human health. Patulin contamination in apple products has been a worldwide problem without a satisfactory solution yet. A comprehensive understanding of the factors and challenges associated with patulin accumulation in apples is essential for finding such a solution. This review will discuss the effects of the pathogenicity of Penicillium species, quality traits of apple cultivars, and environmental conditions on the severity of apple blue mold and patulin contamination. Moreover, beyond the complicated interactions of the three aforementioned factors, patulin control is also challenged by the lack of reliable detection methods in food matrices, as well as unclear degradation mechanisms and limited knowledge about the toxicities of the metabolites resulting from the degradations. As apple-based products are mainly produced with stored apples, pre- and post-harvest strategies are equally important for patulin mitigation. Before storage, disease-resistance breeding, orchard-management, and elicitor(s) application help control the patulin level by improving the storage qualities of apples and lowering fruit rot severity. From storage to processing, patulin mitigation strategies could benefit from the optimization of apple storage conditions, the elimination of rotten apples, and the safe and effective detoxification or biodegradation of patulin.
Development and Characterization of Double-Antibody Sandwich ELISA for Detection of Zika Virus Infection
Authors: Zhang Liding , Du Xuewei , Chen Congjie , Chen Zhixin , Zhang Li , Han Qinqin , Xia Xueshan , Song Yuzhu , Zhang Jinyang
Published: November 2018

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-transmitted flavivirus that can cause severe disease, including congenital birth defect and Guillain−Barré syndrome during pregnancy. Although, several molecular diagnostic methods have been developed to detect the ZIKV, these methods pose challenges as they cannot detect early viral infection. Furthermore, these methods require the extraction of RNA, which is easy to contaminate. Nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) is an important biomarker for early diagnosis of the virus, and the detection methods associated with the NS1 protein have recently been reported. The aim of this study was to develop a rapid and sensitive detection method for the detection of the ZIKV based on the NS1 protein. The sensitivity of this method is 120 ng mL−1 and it detected the ZIKV in the supernatant and lysates of Vero and BHK cells, as well as the sera of tree shrews infected with the ZIKV. Without the isolation of the virus and the extraction of the RNA, our method can be used as a primary screening test as opposed to other diagnosis methods that detect the ZIKV.
The In Ovo Delivery of CpG Oligonucleotides Protects against Infectious Bronchitis with the Recruitment of Immune Cells into the Respiratory Tract of Chickens
Authors: De Silva Senapathi Upasama , Abdul-Cader Mohamed Sarjoon , Amarasinghe Aruna , Van Marle Guido , Czub Markus , Gomis Susantha , Abdul-Careem Mohamed Faizal
Published: November 2018

The in ovo delivery of cytosine-guanosine (CpG) oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) protects chickens against many bacterial and viral infections, by activating the toll-like receptor (TLR)21 signaling pathway. Although the delivery of CpG ODNs in ovo at embryo day (ED) 18 has been shown to reduce infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) loads in embryonic chicken lungs pre-hatch, whether in ovo delivered CpG ODNs are capable of protecting chickens against a post-hatch challenge is unknown. Thus, our objectives were to determine the protective effect of the in ovo delivery of CpG ODNs at ED 18 against IBV infection encountered post-hatch and, then, to investigate the mechanisms of protection. We found significantly higher survival rates and reduced IBV infection in the chickens following the pre-treatment of the ED 18 eggs with CpG ODNs. At 3 days post infection (dpi), we found an increased recruitment of macrophages, cluster of differentiation (CD)8α+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes, and an up-regulation of interferon (IFN)-γ mRNA in the respiratory tract of the chickens. Overall, it may be inferred that CpG ODNs, when delivered in ovo, provide protection against IBV infection induced morbidity and mortality with an enhanced immune response.
Base-By-Base Version 3: New Comparative Tools for Large Virus Genomes
Authors: Tu Shin-Lin , Staheli Jeannette P. , McClay Colum , McLeod Kathleen , Rose Timothy M. , Upton Chris
Published: November 2018

Base-By-Base is a comprehensive tool for the creation and editing of multiple sequence alignments that is coded in Java and runs on multiple platforms. It can be used with gene and protein sequences as well as with large viral genomes, which themselves can contain gene annotations. This report describes new features added to Base-By-Base over the last 7 years. The two most significant additions are: (1) The recoding and inclusion of “consensus-degenerate hybrid oligonucleotide primers” (CODEHOP), a popular tool for the design of degenerate primers from a multiple sequence alignment of proteins; and (2) the ability to perform fuzzy searches within the columns of sequence data in multiple sequence alignments to determine the distribution of sequence variants among the sequences. The intuitive interface focuses on the presentation of results in easily understood visualizations and providing the ability to annotate the sequences in a multiple alignment with analytic and user data.
Safety Studies of Pneumococcal Endolysins Cpl-1 and Pal
Authors: Harhala Marek , Nelson Daniel C. , Miernikiewicz Paulina , Heselpoth Ryan D. , Brzezicka Beata , Majewska Joanna , Linden Sara B. , Shang Xiaoran , Szymczak Aleksander , Lecion Dorota , Marek-Bukowiec Karolina , Kłak Marlena , Wojciechowicz Bartosz , Lahutta Karolina , Konieczny Andrzej , Dąbrowska Krystyna
Published: November 2018

Bacteriophage-derived endolysins have gained increasing attention as potent antimicrobial agents and numerous publications document the in vivo efficacy of these enzymes in various rodent models. However, little has been documented about their safety and toxicity profiles. Here, we present preclinical safety and toxicity data for two pneumococcal endolysins, Pal and Cpl-1. Microarray, and gene profiling was performed on human macrophages and pharyngeal cells exposed to 0.5 µM of each endolysin for six hours and no change in gene expression was noted. Likewise, in mice injected with 15 mg/kg of each endolysin, no physical or behavioral changes were noted, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels remained constant, and there were no significant changes in the fecal microbiome. Neither endolysin caused complement activation via the classic pathway, the alternative pathway, or the mannose-binding lectin pathway. In cellular response assays, IgG levels in mice exposed to Pal or Cpl-1 gradually increased for the first 30 days post exposure, but IgE levels never rose above baseline, suggesting that hypersensitivity or allergic reaction is unlikely. Collectively, the safety and toxicity profiles of Pal and Cpl-1 support further preclinical studies.
Inter-Comparison of Rain-Gauge, Radar, and Satellite (IMERG GPM) Precipitation Estimates Performance for Rainfall-Runoff Modeling in a Mountainous Catchment in Poland
Authors: Gilewski Paweł , Nawalany Marek
Published: November 2018

Precipitation is one of the essential variables in rainfall-runoff modeling. For hydrological purposes, the most commonly used data sources of precipitation are rain gauges and weather radars. Recently, multi-satellite precipitation estimates have gained importance thanks to the emergence of Integrated Multisatellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG GPM), a successor of a very successful Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) mission which has been providing high-quality precipitation estimates for almost two decades. Hydrological modeling of mountainous catchment requires reliable precipitation inputs in both time and space as the hydrological response of such a catchment is very quick. This paper presents an inter-comparison of event-based rainfall-runoff simulations using precipitation data originating from three different sources. For semi-distributed modeling of discharge in the mountainous river, the Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS) is applied. The model was calibrated and validated for the period 2014–2016 using measurement data from the Upper Skawa catchment a small mountainous catchment in southern Poland. The performance of the model was assessed using the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE), Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r), Percent bias (PBias) and Relative peak flow difference (rPFD). The results show that for the event-based modeling adjusted radar rainfall estimates and IMERG GPM satellite precipitation estimates are the most reliable precipitation data sources. For each source of the precipitation data the model was calibrated separately as the spatial and temporal distributions of rainfall significantly impact the estimated values of model parameters. It has been found that the applied Soil Conservation Service (SCS) Curve Number loss method performs best for flood events having a unimodal time distribution. The analysis of the simulation time-steps indicates that time aggregation of precipitation data from 1 to 2 h (not exceeding the response time of the catchment) provide a significant improvement of flow simulation results for all the models while further aggregation, up to 4 h, seems to be valuable only for model based on rain gauge precipitation data.
Refinement of the crystal structure of anapaite Ca2Fe (PO4)2.4H2O : hydrogen bonding and relationships with the bihydrated phase
Authors: Catti Michele , Ferraris Giovanni , Ivaldi Gabriella
Published: November 2018

The crystal structure of anapaite from Messel (Hesse), Ca2Fe (PO4)2 • 4H2O, has been refined (R = 0.027) in space group P-1 by 1257 reflections measured on an automatic single-crystal diffractometer (MoKα radiation) ; all the hydrogen atoms have been localized and included in the refinement. The unit-cell parameters are : a = 6.447(1), b = 6.816(1), c = 5.898(1) Å, α = 101.64(3), β = 104.24(3), γ = 70.76(4)° ; Z = 1. Within the framework structure, (100) layers of coordination polyhedra are emphasized in order to describe a plausible crystallochemical path for a phase transition to the bihydrated term (messelite). Bond valence calculations show that Ca is 7 + 1 coordinated and justify the presence of hydrogen bonds which are unusually short for water molecules (2.597 and 2.600 Å).
La lanthanite à europium du Curitiba, Paraná, Brésil
Authors: Cesbron Fabien , Sichère Marie-Claude , Vachey Hélène , Cassedanne Jacques , Cassedanne Jeannine O.
Published: November 2018

Lanthanite (La, Ce)2 (CO3)3 • 8H2O was observed in a silty and arenaceous clay, likely deposited under semi-arid conditions in the Guabirotuba formation of the Curitiba basin, Paraná, Brazil.

Orthorhombic with a = 9.476 ; b = 16.940 and c = 8.942 Å, this mineral contains the following rare earths : Nd2O3 = 21.84 % ; La2O3 = 19,44 ; Pr2O3 = 5. 18 ; Sm2O3 = 4.10 ; Gd2O3 = 1.69 ; Eu2O3 = 1.64 ; Dy2O3 = 0.44 ; Y2O3 = 0.22 and Ce2O3 = 0.03.

Very poor in cerium and richer in neodynium than in lanthanum this mineral is the richest in europium so far encountered.

The different losses of CO2, observed on the thermic curves, can be easily interpreted taking the structure in account.

If lanthanite was deposited from rare earth bearing solutions, origin of these rare earths is still problematical with the geological and mineralogical knowledges now prevailing on the Curitiba basin.
La pierre de Sena : des informations sur les conditions de formation des chondrites à bronzite
Authors: Christophe Michel-Lévy Mireille
Published: November 2018

The Sena stone, an equilibrated bronzite chondrite with well delineated chondrules, has not suffered any shock after its agglomeration and therefore is suitable for the study of formation process. Most of the isolated olivine and orthopyroxene crystals have a rim grown on a fragmented core. The defects in the olivine cores are those of crystals broken at high temperature while those of the rim are growth dislocations (Poirier, oral commun.). Olivine composition is Fa17_18 with 0.02 CaO ; bronzite is Fs15_17 ; the minor element distribution shows a greater homogeneity in the rim than in the cores of both olivines and orthopyroxenes. All the free surfaces of crystals (silicates, FeNi, FeS) show crystallographic planes and growth steps. Some droplet chondrules are sticking on rock fragments.

These observations appear to be compatible with the formation of chondrules by fragmentation of a preexisting rock at high temperature (1300-1000° C) followed by a rapid agglomeration in a transient atmosphere where the crystals have achieved their present aspect beginning with a rapid cooling (in the range 1000-700° C) followed by a much slower one.

Some of the Sena characteristics can be recognized in many H4-H5 chondrites though more or less obscured by subsequent shock event(s) . The fragmentation at high temperature followed by a rapid agglomeration in these stones contrasts with the much slower agglomeration of the type 3 chondrites where each chondrule cools independently and collects low temperature fines on its surface before accretion.
Variabilité des longueurs de liaisons Si, AlT-O dans les silicates lamellaires
Authors: Zvyagin Boris B. , Soboleva Svetlana V.
Published: November 2018

L'article établit le rôle des facteurs cristallochimiques (paramètres de maille, aplatissement des tétraèdres, angle de rotation ditrigonale, etc.) qui paraissent responsables de la variabilité des longueurs des liaisons Si, AlT-O dans les structures des silicates lamellaires di- et trioctaédriques. Les auteurs montrent l'effet de la présence d'un ordre dans les substitutions isomorphiques Si-Al. En particulier, il est mis en évidence que, dans certains cas de structures bien affinées, non seulement tous les tétraèdres d'une même couche ne sont pas équivalents, mais qu'il n'y a pas d'équivalence entre les deux couches tétraédriques d'un même feuillet.
Dissociation of c dislocations in sillimanite Al2SiO5
Authors: Lefebvre Alain , Paquet Jacques
Published: November 2018

L'étude en microscopie électronique de la sillimanite montre la présence systématique de dislocations c dissociées avec des largeurs de dissociation très variables (de 300 Å à quelques microns). Les fautes d'empilement correspondantes, de vecteur-déplacement 1/2 [001], laissent pratiquement invariant le sous-réseau anionique de la structure mais elles modifient l'ordre Al-Si des sites tétraédriques ; le degré de désordre qui en résulte dépend de l'orientation et de la localisation des fautes dans la structure et il tend à être minimisé par l'orientation préférentielle (hk 0) de ces fautes. Cependant ce désordre ne saurait être négligé dans la mesure où il peut avoir une influence sur les transitions de phase entre polymorphes du composé Al₂SiO₅.
Recherches sur les mécanismes du concrétionnement. Coefficients d'activité des ions, solubilité des sels et de la silice dans les pores de petite taille
Authors: Tardy Yves , Monnin Christophe
Published: November 2018

Variation of salt or silica solubility as a function of water activity, capillarity pressure or pore size, is discussed as a probable origine of matter migration, concentration, and finally concretioning.
Minéralogie et pétrologie des cumulats gabbro-dioritiques situés en bordure septentrionale du massif des Ballons (Vosges méridionales, France) : cristallisation d'un magma basique en domaine "orogénique" intracontinental
Authors: André Francis , Bébien Jean
Published: November 2018

Ce travail présente la première étude minéralogique et pétrologique réalisée sur les ortho-cumulats gabbro-dioritiques reconnus dans l'association plutonique de la bordure septentrionale du massif des Ballons (Vosges méridionales). La nature texturale et les caractères chimiques des minéraux intercumulus nous conduisent à distinguer trois types de cumulats (A, B et C). Ceux-ci ont subi au cours de leur cristallisation une brusque augmentation de la pression d'eau, engendrant une résorption de la paragenèse primaire cumulus et le développement important de phases hydratées intercumulus (amphibole ± biotite). Cette évolution des cumulats ainsi que celles observées dans l'association dolérite-microdiorite-monzodiorite-monzonite des plutonites voisines sont interprétables en terme de cristallisation fractionnée d'un magma de type basalte tholéïtique ayant subi, à une profondeur moyenne, une contamination par l'environnement sialique (apport d'eau et de potassium notamment). Cette participation crustale est à mettre en relation avec l'intervention d'un diastrophisme contemporain de la cristallisation de l'ensemble du complexe éruptif, comme en témoigne la présence en abondance de brèches magmatiques.
La capture de la Moselle. Nouvelles données chronologiques par datations U/Th sur spéléothèmes
Authors: Losson Benoît , Quinif Yves
Published: November 2018

The Moselle piracy : New chronological datas from U/th datings of speleothems.

The Moselle piracy is one of the most important changes of the hydrographie network in Lorraine (France). For a long time, this phenomenon has been presumed to be relatively recent (at the end of the Middle Pleistocene) because of the well preserved fluvial morphologies and deposits. With new relations between the above ground and subterranean parameters in the piracy area , the capture has been dated from 300 ky by the U/Th method on speleothem. This evaluation reveals an earlier time for the phenomenon, and is more precise, than those proposed up to now. The latter were derived from the North-european glacial chronology and one thermoluminescence date obtained in the downstream valley of Meuse. In fact, the improvements in absolute datings, through different methods and U/Th in particular, lead geomorphologists to abandon the simple relation between the glacial-interglacial periods and the accumulation-erosion processes in rivers.
Les dolines d'effondrement et les dolines-lacs des Causses du SW du Moyen Atlas (Maroc)
Authors: El Khalki Yahia , Akdim Brahim
Published: November 2018

Karstic geosystems of the Causses in SW Middle Atlas (Morocco) : Interference between geomorphologic and hydrogeologic factors.

The karstic geosystems of the Causses in the Middle Atlas present a number of old and present karstic landforms. The interference between karstic geomorphology and the process of deep karstification find expression in an important development of sinkholes and collapse zones. Inventory and spatial distribution of these superficial karstic landforms show a very close relationship with the apparition of saline springs.

Water chemistry and the exported rock tonnage are analysed and point out the importance of caveming which takes place in gypsum and salt triassic formations.
ADAPTATION SET OF FACTORS FOR ASSESSING THE COMMERCIAL POTENTIAL OF TECHNOLOGIES IN DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGY MANUFACTURING BRANCHES
Authors: Zemlickienė Vaida
Published: November 2018

In the course of previous research, it has been revealed, that specifics of different technology manufacturing branches are important for assessing the commercial potential. Several technology manufacturing branches already had big input from past and now cover the most promising part of the national economy. For these reasons, it was decided to customize the model for assessing the commercial potential to biotechnology, mechatronics, laser technology, information technology, nanoelectronics. Development of a set of factors for assessing commercial potential for different technology manufacturing branches is the first stage of the model’s customization process and the main purpose of this article. The next steps will include an expert study aimed at clarifying a set of factors based on the literature analysis, identifying the significance and the meanings of factor values. The literature of technology management did not take into account the specifics of the different technology manufacturing branches, therefore sources analysing the problems of intellectual property law, problems of different engineering sciences was used. With the help of the aforementioned literature in order to adapt the set of factors to each technology manufacturing branch aims to identify the challenges and problems are faced by representatives of different technology manufacturing branches in the process commercialization.
Relationship Between Increased Fecal Calprotectin Levels and Interstitial Lung Disease in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Caimmi Cristian , Bertoldo Eugenia , Venturini Anna , Caramaschi Paola , Frulloni Luca , Ciccocioppo Rachele , Brunelli Sabrina , Idolazzi Luca , Gatti Davide , Rossini Maurizio , Viapiana Ombretta
Published: November 2018

Objective.

To evaluate the relationship between fecal calprotectin (FC) and interstitial lung disease (ILD) in systemic sclerosis (SSc).

Methods.

The study enrolled 129 outpatients with SSc. Data about disease characteristics, in particular lung involvement, were collected and FC was measured.

Results.

Patients with ILD (35, 27.1%) had higher values of FC (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, these variables were associated with increased risk of ILD: diffuse disease subset, higher modified Rodnan skin score, longer disease duration, higher severity scores, steroid treatment, and higher FC levels, while diverticulosis was protective.

Conclusion.

ILD is independently associated with increased FC levels in SSc.
Hepatic Safety of Febuxostat Compared with Allopurinol in Gout Patients with Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Lee Jung Sun , Won Jebum , Kwon Oh Chan , Lee Seung Soo , Oh Ji Seon , Kim Yong-Gil , Lee Chang-Keun , Yoo Bin , Hong Seokchan
Published: November 2018

Objective.

Febuxostat has superior renal safety to allopurinol, but data on its hepatic safety are limited. Thus we compared the hepatotoxicity of febuxostat and allopurinol, and the clinical factors associated with hepatotoxicity, in patients with gout and fatty liver disease (FLD).

Methods.

We included gout patients treated with allopurinol or febuxostat who were diagnosed with fatty liver based on ultrasonography or computed tomography. Hepatotoxicity was defined as follows: (1) elevation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at least 3× the upper limit of normal, when the baseline AST/ALT was normal; or (2) doubling of the baseline AST/ALT, when the baseline AST/ALT was elevated. The factors associated with hepatotoxicity were evaluated by Cox regression analysis.

Results.

Of 134 patients identified with gout and FLD, 32 (23.9%) received febuxostat and 102 (76.1%) received allopurinol. There were no significant differences in age, body mass index, comorbidity, or disease severity between the groups; however, the incidence of hepatotoxicity was significantly lower in the febuxostat group (3/32, 9.4%) than in the allopurinol group (36/102, 35.3%, p = 0.005). Diabetes (HR 3.549, 95% CI 1.374–9.165, p = 0.009) and colchicine use (HR 11.518, 95% CI 5.515–24.054, p < 0.001) were associated with a higher risk of hepatotoxicity, whereas febuxostat use was associated with a lower risk of hepatotoxicity (HR 0.282, 95% CI 0.086–0.926, p = 0.037).

Conclusion.

In the 32 patients studied, febuxostat was well tolerated in patients with gout and FLD. However, the presence of diabetes and colchicine use may increase the risk of hepatotoxicity.
Authenticité et patrimoine, l’immobilité changeante
Authors: Guillemard Denis
Published: November 2018

Le rapport au passé et l’invocation de l’histoire pour justifier l’élection d’objets au rang de patrimoine, font apparaître l’authenticité comme un fondement de la valeur patrimoniale. Mais la permanence exigée pour satisfaire la transmission montre que l’authenticité ramenée au seul passé ne satisfait pas la notion d’identité comme existence ininterrompue. Un vase cassé reste un vase et n’entame en rien son authenticité pas plus que son identité. Le changement qu’induit le nouvel état ne remet pas en cause son être de vase même s’il altère d’autres caractères comme la fonctionnalité (un archéologue se satisfait d’un sac de tessons mais une laitière sera plus sensible à la capacité de contenir un liquide). Par ailleurs, la pléthore patrimoniale épuise la référence au passé. Ce qui importe dorénavant c’est la sincérité de l’expérience que l’objet suscite ou la réussite des modalités qui le font exister. Il en va ainsi pour toute entreprise de restitution, reproduction ou reconstitution qui ouvre sur une autre possibilité d’exister pour les objets dans un rapport à l’authenticité ramené au présent. Dans tous les cas, la vérité de l’objet réside dans les conditions dans lesquelles il est montré ou exploité.
Esthétiser la démocratie
Authors: Fourmentraux Jean-Paul
Published: November 2018

Depuis une vingtaine d’années, l’action Nouveaux commanditaires stimule la création d’œuvres d’art avec la complicité des contextes sociaux et des espaces publics qui les accueillent. L’enjeu est de permettre à des citoyens de passer commande à des artistes contemporains, en vue de la réalisation concertée d’une œuvre d’art susceptible d’acquérir une « valeur d’usage », en résonnance avec la société civile et les projets d’intérêt général. À ce titre, l’action Nouveaux commanditaires offre un cas particulièrement éclairant pour la compréhension des valeurs croisées de l’innovation démocratique et de la création artistique contemporaine. L’œuvre d’art, en tant qu’elle donne forme à une “expérience sensible” au sens de la philosophie pragmatiste d’un John Dewey ou d’un Walter Lippman, est ici envisagée comme une des conséquences de la mise en œuvre du commun, comme l’enjeu d’une instauration autant esthétique que politique.
Chemical Reaction Effect on MHD Flow of Casson Fluid with Porous Stretching Sheet
Authors: Hari Krishna Y. , Reddy Gurrampati Venkata Ramana , Makinde Oluwole Daniel
Published: November 2018

In this analysis, the magnetohydrodynamic flow of a Casson fluid over a permeable stretching sheet in the presence of mass transfer is studied. Using similarity transformations, the governing equations are converted to ordinary differential equations and then solved through MATHEMATICA. The skin friction coefficient and local Sherwood number are analyzed through numerical values for various parameters of interest. The velocity and concentration profiles are illustrated for several pertinent flow parameters. We observed that the Casson parameter and Hartman number have similar effects on the velocity in a qualitative sense. We further analyzed that the concentration profile decreases rapidly in comparison to the fluid velocity when we increased the values of the suction parameter.
Parametric Study of the Mechanical Behavior of FSSW Welded Polymer Plates Using a New Form of Welding Tool
Authors: Abdallah Lounis , El Bahri Ould Chikh , Miloud Meddah Hadj , Larbi Gueraiche , Kaddour Hachelaf
Published: November 2018

This research paper aims at studying the friction stir spot welding (FSSW) some of thermoplastic polymer materials (HDPE and HDPE-PMMA) using a specifal geometry tool without a pin. The effect of the tool geometry on the welds static resistance was studied via several tool shape, a flat shape below the tool, a shape with concavity angles ranging from 0° to 16° , a flange shape of the sharp-edged tool, a chamfered flange shape and a rounded shape. This work is done to increase the surface area of the weld and further to maximize the static strength of the friction stir spot welding. Experimental tests have been carried out under various operational parameters such as the tool rotation speed, tool plunge depth and dwell time. This later has been carried out to highlight the effect of the tool’s geometry and the operational parameters of the welding on the surface in virtue on static resistance of the friction stir spot welding of thermoplastic polymers. Tests of lap-shear at speed of 5m/s have showed that the tool geometry plays a very important part. This study shows that a FSSW welding tool with 4° concavity angle tool and a rounded flange shape gives the best welding quality for the polymers studied.
Die dienskarakter van die prediking
Authors: De Wet J.I.
Published: November 2018

No abstract available.
Chudley–McCullough Syndrome
Authors: Özdemir Meltem , Dilli Alper
Published: November 2018

Chudley-McCullough syndrome (CMS), an autosomal recessive condition first reported by Chudley et al., in 1997, comprises profound sensorineural hearing loss and specific brain abnormalities. The hearing loss may be congenital or early onset. Brain abnormalities are striking, but despite these brain malformations, individuals with CMS do not present significant neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Recently, the cause of CMS has been shown to be the inactivating mutations in G protein signaling modulator 2. We aimed to present a 36-year-old male who has the characteristic clinical and neuroimaging findings of CMS.
Review of the Major and Minor Salivary Glands, Part 1: Anatomy, Infectious, and Inflammatory Processes
Authors: Kessler Alexander T , Bhatt Alok A
Published: November 2018

The major and minor salivary glands of the head and neck are important structures that contribute to many of the normal physiologic processes of the aerodigestive tract. The major salivary glands are routinely included within the field of view of standard neuroimaging, and although easily identifiable, salivary pathology is relatively rare and often easy to overlook. Knowledge of the normal and abnormal imaging appearance of the salivary glands is critical for forming useful differential diagnoses, as well as initiating proper clinical workup for what are often incidental findings. The purpose of this review is to provide a succinct image-rich article illustrating relevant anatomy and pathology of the salivary glands via an extensive review of the primary literature. In Part 1, we review anatomy as well as provide an in-depth discussion of the various infectious and inflammatory processes that can affect the salivary glands.
A Rare Case of Laryngopyocele with Airway Obstruction
Authors: Lam Sun Yu , Lau Hin Yue
Published: November 2018

Laryngocele is a rare entity and can be defined as an abnormal cystic dilatation of saccule of the laryngeal ventricle with communication to the lumen of larynx. Laryngopyocele is a rare complication of laryngocele when it is infected. Patients may present with fever, neck swelling, shortness of breath, and hoarseness. Acute presentation can develop rapidly with alarming symptom, such as stridor, which signifies airway obstruction and warrants immediate treatment and airway protection. Computed tomography and endoscopy are useful in making the diagnosis and delineate the severity of disease. Laryngopyocele should be treated with antibiotics, drainage of purulent content, and followed by definitive surgical excision.
Primes Dividing Invariants of CM Picard Curves
Authors: Kılıçer Pınar , Lorenzo García Elisa , Streng Marco
Published: November 2018

We give a bound on the primes dividing the denominators of invariants of Picard curves of genus 3 with complex multiplication. Unlike earlier bounds in genus 2 and 3, our bound is based, not on bad reduction of curves, but on a very explicit type of good reduction. This approach simultaneously yields a simplification of the proof and much sharper bounds. In fact, unlike all previous bounds for genus 3, our bound is sharp enough for use in explicit constructions of Picard curves.
Management y procesos de subjetivación en las organizaciones internacionales
Authors: López Ruiz Osvaldo Javier
Published: November 2018

Con base en el interés general por la difusión de la forma "empresa" en el mundo contemporáneo en distintos ámbitos de lo social, este artículo analiza cómo se propaga un conjunto de valores y una visión del mundo a partir de doctrinas y prácticas de administración y gestión (el management), promoviendo un determinado "tipo de hombre" y una determinada forma de ser sujeto. El objeto de estudio específico es el sector público internacional, en concreto, las organizaciones del sistema de Naciones Unidas. Nos concentramos principalmente en dos entrevistas -de un total de veinticinco-, que realizamos en agencias y organizaciones de distintos sectores de la ONU en Ginebra, para caracterizar el inicio de la carrera de un joven profesional y los significados y consecuencias de la difusión de la "cultura empresarial" dentro de la ONU. Mostramos así la influencia que ejercen sobre la subjetividad de quienes trabajan en esos espacios "no empresariales" la propagación de estas doctrinas, técnicas y prácticas manageriales; así como discutimos algunos aportes que podrían hacerse desde una sociología crítica.
Discurso millennial y desafíos en la gestión de recursos humanos en Chile
Authors: Zavala-Villalón Gloria , Frías Castro Pamela
Published: November 2018

Comprender el comportamiento de los trabajadores, desde una perspectiva generacional, se ha transformado en un ámbito de interés para el diseño de políticas de gestión. En este artículo se revisa el concepto de generación y se describe el modelo generacional de Strauss y Howe (1991), ampliamente difundido, así como las principales características vinculadas a la generación millennial y su discurso en Chile y Latinoamérica. El objetivo de esta investigación fue levantar discursos de encargados de recursos humanos (11) de empresas de retail, banca y salud -a través de entrevistas abiertas semi directivas-, respecto de las generaciones en el trabajo, y del discurso millennial. Se realizó análisis de discurso identificando repertorios interpretativos, surgiendo cuatro repertorios: del conocimiento validado sobre generaciones, la juventud como innovación y cambio, el imperativo de adaptabilidad de prácticas de gestión a las nuevas generaciones, y jóvenes, pero no todos millennials. Se constató la utilización de un discurso basado en el management, en línea con la lógica del neoliberalismo, que incluye y excluye a diversos tipos de trabajadores de los objetivos de gestión, con algunas variaciones según rubro.