bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Redefining Coffee Culture and Social Media Interaction Calling a “Third Place”
Authors: - Alok Chaugule
Published: October 2024

In the digital age, the concept of the "third place"—a social environment separate from home (the first place) and work (the second place)—has taken on new significance, with coffee shops emerging as key players in this cultural shift. Traditionally, third places like parks, libraries, and pubs have served as informal gathering spots where communities can come together. However, the rise of social media, combined with the growing popularity of coffee culture, has redefined what a third place can be, making coffee shops the modern-day nexus of social interaction, creativity, and connection.
Indian Spices are Making A Mark on Global Cocktails, Bringing Unique, Complex Flavors that are Driving A New Wave of Mixology Creativity
Authors: - Alok Satish Chaugule
Published: October 2024

India is known for its rich culinary heritage, where spices play an integral role in shaping flavors. Over the years, Indian spices have not only defined the country's cuisine but have also started to influence the global mixology scene in a profound way. With the rising popularity of craft cocktails, mixologists around the world are exploring bold and exotic flavors, and Indian spices are taking center stage in this revolution. Ingredients like cardamom, turmeric, clove, cinnamon, and fennel are being used to create complex, layered drinks that appeal to a sophisticated and adventurous palate. This article delves into how these spices are being used in cocktails, why they are gaining global prominence, and how Indian flavors are shaping trends in mixology.
Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem. — identyfikacja, biologia oraz znaczenie w uprawie zbóż
Authors: Wiewióra Barbara
Published: October 2024

W pracy przedstawiono przegląd wiedzy dotyczącej grzyba Bipolaris sorokiniana i jego znaczenia dla uprawy zbóż. Gatunek ten jest głównym sprawcą zgnilizny korzeni, zgorzeli siewek, plamistości liści, helmintosporiozy oraz czernienia kłosów. Powoduje poważne straty w uprawach zbóż jarych szacowane na około 10% jęczmienia i 5% pszenicy. Opisano biologię, stanowisko taksonomiczne, objawy chorobowe oraz występowanie i znaczenie gospodarcze B. sorokiniana.
Porównanie metody mikroskopowej i immunologicznej do wykrywania grzybów endofitycznych w nasionach traw
Authors: Wiewióra Barbara , Prończuk Maria
Published: October 2024

Porównano efektywność, pracochłonność i koszty dwóch metod do wykrywania grzybów endofitycznych w nasionach traw: mikroskopową z barwieniem błękitem anilinowym i immunolo-giczną. Materiałem do badań było 17 prób nasion pobranych z odmian, rodów i ekotypów kostrzewy łąkowej, kostrzewy czerwonej, życicy trwałej i śmiałka darniowego. Otrzymano wyniki porównywalne dla zasiedlenia nasion przez endofity przy zastosowaniu obu metod. Stwierdzono, że analiza nasion metodą barwieniową jest bardzo pracochłonna i długotrwała, ponieważ wymaga wielogodzinnych obserwacji przy użyciu mikroskopu, dużego doświadczenia w rozpoznawaniu grzybni Neotyphodium oraz odpowiednich warunków pracy (wyciąg), zapewniających bezpieczeństwo dla zdrowia osoby przygotowującej materiał do analizy. Metoda immunologiczna jest łatwa, szybka i mało pracochłonna, ale kosztowna ze względu na drogi zestaw odczynników sprowadzanych z USA.
Hyperuricemia and epiretinal pathologies: a review of pathophysiological links and clinical implications
Authors: Cheng Chun-Yao , Liu Ju-Chi , Chen Huan-Yuan , Chen Jin-Jer , Hao Wen-Rui , Cheng Tzu-Hurng
Published: October 2024

Hyperuricemia (HUA), defined by elevated serum uric acid levels, is well-established in its association with systemic conditions like gout and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, however, emerging research has revealed a potential connection between HUA and ocular disorders, particularly epiretinal pathologies. This review investigates the pathophysiological mechanisms linking HUA to epiretinal conditions, including epiretinal membrane formation, macular edema, and retinal vascular diseases. By thoroughly analyzing current literature, this review seeks to deepen the understanding of the relationship between HUA and epiretinal disorders, with the aim of informing new therapeutic strategies and enhancing patient outcomes.
Potentialities of IGF-1 for regulating oxidative stress in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration: theoretical review
Authors: Herrera Macarena Lorena , Champarini Leandro Gabriel , Oliveros Alberto Leandro , Bellini Maria José , Hereñú Claudia Beatriz
Published: October 2024

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) elicits a variety of effects on the regulation of oxidative stress, a topic that remains shrouded in controversy. This intricate regulation plays a pivotal role in the aging process and its associated diseases. Notably, it centers around the challenge posed by endogenous antioxidant defenses, which often struggle to counteract free radicals-induced damage to various neural cell macromolecules. The interplay between IGF-1 and oxidative stress holds significant implications. Both factors are intertwined in the context of degenerative and inflammatory disruptions within the central nervous system (CNS), giving rise to dysfunctions in neurons and glial cells. These dysfunctions encompass detrimental outcomes such as excitotoxicity, neuronal attrition, and axonal impairment, all of which are closely related to behavioral irregularities. However, the complexities of IGF-1’s impact remain a topic of debate. Divergent research findings present IGF-1 as both an antioxidative agent and a catalyst to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in various neuropathologies. This diversity of outcomes has contributed to the ongoing controversy in the field. The present theoretical review undertakes a comprehensive vision, shedding light on the role of IGF-1 as a regulator within the mechanistic framework of oxidative stress responses. This regulatory role serves as the basis for the emergence of progressive neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory conditions. Particularly compelling is the exploration of IGF-1 as a potential target for promising therapeutic interventions in this domain. However, the review also highlights significant limitations, including the considerations to work with this factor and the need for further research to clarify IGF-1’s role. Future perspectives should focus on refining our understanding of IGF-1’s mechanisms and exploring its therapeutic potential in more detail.
Colon cancer screening programs prevent cancer
Authors: Flynn Duncan J , Feuerstein Joseph D
Published: October 2024

In this article we comment on the article by Agatsuma et al . Our article focuses on the use of screening for colon cancer increases the likelihood of early diagnosis of colorectal cancer compared to those presenting after symptoms develop. Patients with symptoms were more likely to have left-sided lesions with resultant hematochezia and/or changes in bowel habits. In this study almost all patients in the screen group were first screened with immunochemical fecal occult blood testing. Colonoscopy was used either if it was thought to be the more appropriate initial screening modality or if the non-invasive test was positive. The exact timing when an initial screening colonoscopy should be performed is not totally clear from this study. However, early screening for colon cancer does reduce the risk of cancer diagnosis and more advanced cancer diagnoses.
Potential of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A promising future
Authors: Zhang Wen-Yige , Wang Meng-Hui , Xie Chuan
Published: October 2024

In this editorial, we provide insights into the publication by Niu et al featured in the latest edition of the World Journal of Gastroenterology . Specifically, our focus was on exploring the potential of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by a high-fat diet through various mechanisms. NAFLD is a common liver condition, affecting approximately 25% of the world's population. It is closely linked to metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, excessive body weight, and irregular lipid processing, leading to fat accumulation in the liver, as well as oxidative stress and inflammation. While maintaining a healthy diet and active lifestyle are essential for managing NAFLD, treatment options are limited due to undefined pathogenesis and a lack of specific medications. TCM, rooted in traditional Chinese practices, presents a promising alternative through its "syndrome differentiation and treatment" principles, enhancing liver lipid metabolism, reducing inflammation, and addressing fibrosis. Certain herbs, such as Poria cocos , Puaria lobata , and Salvia miltiorrhiza , have shown significant efficacy in reducing fat deposition and improving liver function. Due to systematic research and analysis of mechanisms, TCM is anticipated to yield new approaches to prevent and treat NAFLD, increasing its clinical application.
Comprehensive approach to esophageal variceal bleeding: From prevention to treatment
Authors: Singh Sahib , Chandan Saurabh , Vinayek Rakesh , Aswath Ganesh , Facciorusso Antonio , Maida Marcello
Published: October 2024

Esophageal variceal bleeding is a severe complication often associated with portal hypertension, commonly due to liver cirrhosis. Prevention and treatment of this condition are critical for patient outcomes. Preventive strategies focus on reducing portal hypertension to prevent varices from developing or enlarging. Primary prophylaxis involves the use of non-selective beta-blockers, such as propranolol or nadolol, which lower portal pressure by decreasing cardiac output and thereby reducing blood flow to the varices. Endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) may also be employed as primary prophylaxis to prevent initial bleeding episodes. Once bleeding occurs, immediate treatment is essential. Initial management includes hemodynamic stabilization followed by pharmacological therapy with vasoactive drugs such as octreotide or terlipressin to control bleeding. Endoscopic intervention is the cornerstone of treatment, with techniques such as EVL or sclerotherapy applied to directly manage the bleeding varices. In cases where bleeding is refractory to endoscopic treatment, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt may be considered to effectively reduce portal pressure. Long-term management after an acute bleeding episode involves secondary prophylaxis using beta-blockers and repeated EVL sessions to prevent rebleeding, complemented by monitoring and managing liver function to address the underlying disease. In light of new scientific evidence, including the findings of the study by Peng et al , this editorial aims to review available strategies for the prevention and treatment of esophageal varices.
Plasma DNA methylation detection for early screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Xu-Ji , Pi Guo-Liang , Wang Sheng , Kai Jin-Dan , Yu Hui-Fang , Shi Hong-Wei , Yu Jing , Zeng Hui
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

The early diagnosis rate of esophageal cancer (EC), one of the most prevalent digestive tract cancers worldwide, remains low.

AIM

To investigate the utility of plasma SHOX2 , SEPTIN9 , EPO , and RNF180 methylation in the clinical diagnosis and monitoring of EC.

METHODS

Plasma samples were collected from 210 patients at Hubei Cancer Hospital, and TaqMan polymerase chain reaction was employed to detect plasma SHOX2 , SEPTIN9 , RNF180 , and EPO methylation. The area under the curve was used to estimate their diagnostic value for EC. Cox and logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the independent screening risk factors for patients with EC.

RESULTS

The sensitivity and specificity of combined assessment of plasma SHOX2 , SEPTIN9 , RNF180 , and EPO methylation for adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and EC detection were 66.67% and 86.27%, 77.40% and 85.29%, and 76.19% and 86.27%, respectively; the area under the curve values for diagnosing adenocarcinoma, SCC, and EC were 0.737 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.584–0.89], 0.824 (95%CI: 0.775–0.891), and 0.864 (95%CI: 0.809–0.92), respectively.

CONCLUSION

According to our findings, plasma SHOX2 , SEPTIN9 , RNF180 , and EPO methylation exhibits appreciated sensitivity for diagnosing EC. The precise measurement of plasma SHOX2 , SEPTIN9 , RNF180 , and EPO methylation can improve EC diagnosis and therapy efficacy monitoring.
Lenvatinib, sintilimab combined interventional treatment vs bevacizumab, sintilimab combined interventional treatment for intermediate-advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Han Ru-Yu , Gan Lei-Juan , Lang Meng-Ran , Ren Shao-Hua , Liu Dong-Ming , Li Guang-Tao , Liu Ya-Yue , Tian Xin-Di , Zhu Kang-Wei , Sun Li-Yu , Chen Lu , Song Tian-Qiang
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Bevacizumab and sintilimab combined interventional treatment (BeSiIT) and L envatinib and sintilimab combined interventional treatment (LeSiIT) are two commonly used therapeutic regimens for intermediate-advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in clinical practice.

AIM

To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of BeSiIT and LeSiIT for the treatment of intermediate and advanced HCC.

METHODS

Patients diagnosed with intermediate-advanced HCC and initially treated with BeSiIT or LeSiIT in the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital between February 2020 and July 2021 were included. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), conversion rate, and treatment-related adverse events.

RESULTS

Total 127 patients met the inclusion criteria and were divided into BeSiIT and LeSiIT groups. Twenty-eight and fifty patients in the BeSiIT and LeSiIT groups, respectively, were assessed after 1:2 propensity score matching. PFS and OS rates were not significantly different between the two groups. No significant variations were noted in ORRs or DCRs according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), and modified RECIST. BeSiIT group showed a better conversion rate than the LeSiIT group (P = 0.043). Both groups showed manageable toxicity profiles. Multivariate analysis showed that the independent factors associated with PFS were alpha-fetoprotein levels and carcinoembryonic antigen score.

CONCLUSION

In intermediate-to-advanced HCC, the BeSiIT and LeSiIT groups exhibited acceptable toxicities and comparable PFS, OS, and ORR.
Elafibranor alleviates alcohol-related liver fibrosis by restoring intestinal barrier function
Authors: Sun Yu-Qi , Wu Yang , Li Meng-Ran , Wei Yu-Yao , Guo Mei , Zhang Zi-Li
Published: October 2024

We discuss the article by Koizumi et al published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology . Our focus is on the therapeutic targets for fibrosis associated with alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and the mechanism of action of elafibranor (EFN), a dual agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and peroxisome PPAR δ (PPARδ). EFN is currently in phase III clinical trials for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and primary biliary cholangitis. ALD progresses from alcoholic fatty liver to alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), with chronic ASH eventually leading to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and, in some cases, hepatocellular carcinoma. The pathogenesis of ALD is driven by hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, and acetaldehyde toxicity. Alcohol consumption disrupts lipid metabolism by inactivating PPARα, exacerbating the progression of ALD. EFN primarily activates PPARα, promoting lipolysis and β-oxidation in ethanol-stimulated HepG2 cells, which significantly reduces hepatic steatosis, apoptosis, and fibrosis in an ALD mouse model. Additionally, alcohol disrupts the gut-liver axis at several interconnected levels, contributing to a proinflammatory environment in the liver. EFN helps alleviate intestinal hyperpermeability by restoring tight junction protein expression and autophagy, inhibiting apoptosis and inflammatory responses, and enhancing intestinal barrier function through PPARδ activation.
Advances in artificial intelligence for predicting complication risks post-laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer: A significant leap forward
Authors: Wang Hong-Niu , An Jia-Hao , Zong Liang
Published: October 2024

In a recent paper, Hong et al developed an artificial intelligence (AI)-driven predictive scoring system for potential complications following laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer patients. They demonstrated that integrating AI with random forest models significantly improved the preoperative prediction and patient outcome management accuracy. By incorporating data from multiple centers, their model ensures standardization, reliability, and broad applicability, distinguishing it from the prior models. The present study highlights AI's potential in clinical decision support, aiding in the preoperative and postoperative management of gastric cancer patients. Our findings may pave the way for future prospective studies to further enhance AI-supported diagnoses in clinical practice.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe TGT Berbantuan PPT Interaktif terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas VII SMP
Authors: Ratna Dwi Aryani  , Baidowi Baidowi , Junaidi Junaidi , Nani Kurniati
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Game Tournament (TGT) berbantuan powerpoint interaktif terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Wanasaba. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan bentuk Non Equivalent Control Group Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMPN 1 Wanasaba yang berjumlah 225 siswa, sampel terdiri dari kelas VII G sebagai kelas kontrol sebanyak 26 siswa dan kelas VII H sebagai kelas eksperimen sebanyak 27 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa soal posttest untuk mengukur hasil belajar matematika siswa. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan uji prasyarat (normalitas dan homogenitas) dan uji hipotesis (uji t). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa posttest hasil belajar matematika siswa berdistribusi normal dan varian datanya homogen. Hasil uji t menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan rata-rata hasil belajar siswa kelas eksperimen dengan kelas kontrol. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Game Tournament (TGT) berbantuan powerpoint interaktif terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa VII SMPN 1 Wanasaba Tahun Ajaran 2023/2024.
Kajian Estetika pada Ornamen Jendela Kaca Patri di Gereja Katolik Kelahiran Santa Perawan Maria Surabaya
Authors: Mario Bonaventura
Published: October 2024

Umat beriman melakukan praktik hidup keagamaannya dengan menggunakan berbagai macam benda seni ataupun karya seni untuk mengungkapkan penghayatan iman mereka. Karya seni ornamen merupakan salah satu karya seni yang sering muncul di rumah ibadah, namun membutuhkan pengetahuan dan pemaknaan terlebih dahulu untuk dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu sumber penghayatan iman umatnya. Penelitian ini disusun dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui makna estetik ornamen jendela kaca patri di Gereja Katolik Kelahiran Santa Perawan Maria Surabaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik wawancara dan observasi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ornamen di jendela kaca patri gereja katolik Kelahiran Santa Perawan Maria dibuat dengan tujuan untuk memberikan makna keimanan dan ajaran iman dengan memberikan gambaran kisah-kisah kitab suci yang secara visual tampak indah atau estetik. Makna estetik ornamen ini adalah keindahan tampak dari keseimbangan, keselarasan, dan kesatuan diantara unsur-unsur seni rupa, mulai dari titik, garis, bidang, bentuk, & warna yang membentuk mozaik ornamen figuratif, ornamen flora, ornamen fauna, dan ornamen benda alam.
Enhancing sustainable healthcare practices through energy-efficient wireless body area networks
Authors: Al-Sofi Soleen Jaladet , Atroshey Salih Mustafa S. , Ali Ismail Amin
Published: October 2024

This paper explores how the integration and performance of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) contribute to sustainable healthcare practices. WBANs play a crucial role in reducing the environmental footprint of healthcare systems by providing continuous monitoring that can prevent unnecessary hospitalizations and reduce the consumption of disposable medical supplies. Additionally, the design of WBANs using environmentally friendly materials, low-power devices, and recyclable components is discussed to optimize the sustainability of healthcare practices. To enhance infrastructure, services, and quality of life, new technologies have been integrated to improve WBANs. Patients' essential health data may be continuously and instantly collected thanks to these networks, and healthcare providers can receive the data right away for quick analysis and action. WBANs have healthcare benefits, but there are also major drawbacks. Technologies that can combine low power consumption, minimal delay, and high enough data rates are needed for WBANs in order to support a variety of medical applications. The effectiveness of the LoRaWAN and IEEE 802.15.6 technologies in WBAN is assessed in this paper. With the use of seven crucial metrics which are throughput, arrival rate, delay, energy consumption, residual energy, network lifetime, and packet delivery ratio (PDR), this paper seeks to study which technology is appropriate with WBANs using NS3 as a simulation program. With network parameters, 1000 seconds, and 50 nodes, the paper evaluated the performance of each technology. The results show that IEEE 802.15.6 is superior in terms of throughput, PDR, and arrival rate whereas LoRaWAN is superior in terms of energy consumption, residual energy, network lifetime, and delay.
Evaluation of TNF-α Concentration Level in Al-Najaf Hospitals Patients Infected with Hydatid Cysts
Authors: Sayal Raad Ajam , Mohammed Haider Malik
Published: October 2024

Human echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease caused by a species of medical importance, the Echinococcus granulosus , an etiological agent of cystic echinococcosis (CE). A radiological examination will be performed for these patients to diagnose Echinococcus granulosus  parasite by find echinococcal cysts. All of these patients were involved  in this study and   during the period   starting from October 2023 to the end of January 2024, from all ages of patient from both sex (Males and Females  At Al-Sader Medical City, AL-Hakeem General Hospital, AL-Haidarya general Hospital and Al-Hayat Hospital. The mean level of TNF-α in patients is 163.27 pg/ml, which is significantly higher than the mean level of 38.58 pg/ml in controls (p-value < 0.001). The prevalence of hydatid disease in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf in this study was 33%. Levels of the cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1ß, and IL-4 are more important in patients with Echinococcus granulosus  under 40 years of age than in those over 40 years of age.
Performance Evaluation of RC Structures using Next- Generation Performance-Based Seismic Assessment Procedures
Authors: Khedikar Amey Raju , Zameeruddin Mohd. , Charpe Prabhakar , Deshmukh Dheeraj , Hirekhan Sneha
Published: October 2024

Seismic forces have wreaked havoc on buildings around the world, resulting in both property damage and human deaths. Reinforced concrete structures under cyclic loading cannot be predicted using current methods, according to relevant design codes. Code-based seismic design procedures have been replaced by performance-based design procedures (PBSD). PBSD describes a building's overall performance by taking into account its structural and non-structural performance categories. Immediate occupancy, life safety, and collapse prevention are the three types of damage that can be encountered in a construction site. They are ranked based on the amount of damage, downtime, and casualties they inflict. Although these procedures can detect damage, they are unable to assign a numerical value to the seriousness of the damage. The use of damage indices, which are based on structural and response-based parameters, has been proposed by many researchers in the past. The objective of current research is an attempt to summarise all of these efforts and identify grey areas for further investigation. Numerical approaches to integrate structural damages with various PBSD performance levels have been proposed.
Assessment and Hydro Chemical Classification of Groundwater Quality in the Western Delta Region of the Godavari River, Andhra Pradesh: Suitability for Drinking Purpose
Authors: Suribabu Golla , Rambabu Tenneti , Raghuram Popuri , Sundar Balina Hema , Sri Bala Gottumukkala , Alam Md. Shariful
Published: October 2024

The Godavari River is the largest river in southern India, flowing through five states before entering the Bay of Bengal in Andhra Pradesh. Historically, the Godavari Basin has shared water flows among its six states. However, due to declining rainfall and surface water flow, farmers and villagers have increasingly relied on groundwater for their daily activities, including drinking and agriculture. To evaluate the suitability of groundwater for drinking and other uses, the current study analyzed physical and chemical parameters, such as pH, TDS, Alkalinity, Total hardness, Sodium, Potassium, and chlorides, in parts of the Godavari Western Delta using APHA methods. Comparisons were made with the standard limits recommended by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). Results showed that most chemical parameters had higher values during the summer season compared to other seasons. Furthermore, based on the TDS classification, 90% of the samples were classified as brackish water; based on the EC classification, 40.90% of the samples were categorized as saline; and based on the chlorides/Stuyfzand classification, 40.90% of the samples were classified as brackish water during the summer season. Additionally, most water samples in the study area were categorized as hard or very hard based on the total hardness.
Numerical Investigation of Thermal Performance Enhancement of Solar Reservoir using Flash Cycle
Authors: Tomar Pritosh , Chauhan Prateek , Kumar Ashwani , Shukla Anoop Kumar , Macedo Víctor Daniel Jiménez , Mishra Bajarang Prasad , Lakkimsetty Nageswara Rao , Manjunath Tadaga Channaveerappa
Published: October 2024

The main objective of this research is to model a solar reservoir system located in Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. Solar reservoir acts as both a collector and long-term storage for thermal energy, potentially providing heat for a full year. Using a single input, the latitude angle, solar radiation for the location is calculated. A one-dimensional time-dependent steady-state model is employed to predict the annual temperature behavior within the storage zone of the solar reservoir. The model analyses the temperature range achievable in the lower convection zone (LCZ) of the reservoir. The findings suggest that the LCZ can reach temperatures as high as 80°C. Additionally, the study demonstrates that an increase in feed temperature can improve overall system efficiency. At the end of summer, temperatures as high as 70 °C were observed in the solar pond at a depth of 1.32 m. It reached 26 °C at its lowest point in early April. In an artificial solar pond, salt water is utilised to inhibit convection. There was a 26% concentration of salt NACL at the lake's bottom. The kind and concentration of salt have an impact on the pond's stability. It was determined that 80 g/kg of water is the ideal salt level for the small solar pond. This study demonstrates the potential for maintaining both salinity gradient and thermal performance over an extended period. Future research efforts could benefit from larger-scale experiments that bridge the gap between controlled environments and real-world applications.
On Assessing a Potential Reuse of the Indonesian Post-Operation Offshore Oil/Gas Pipelines as A Cold-Water Pipe for an Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) System: A Thermal and Fluid Dynamic Perspective
Authors: Mukthasor Mukthasor , Firmansyah Arfie Ikhsan , Satrio Dendy , Rahmawati Shade , Shadiq Rehan , Yaakob Omar
Published: October 2024

One of the main issues arising in offshore oil and gas decommissioning is associated with significant required costs. Research assessing the potential reuse of the post-operation offshore oil and gas pipeline (POGP) in Indonesia for the Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) system offer double the potential cost reductions in POGP decommissioning and OTEC development. In the context of OTEC development, research on increasing system efficiency makes a significant effort by modifying working fluids and usually by employing the assumption that the temperature of the cold seawater at the surface outlet of the Cold-Water Pipe (CWP) is practically the same as that at the inlet of the CWP at a depth of about 900 m. Unfortunately, this was not the case when the POGP was to be reused for the OTEC system because there was difficulty in applying additional insulation to the existing subsea pipelines. The temperature change in the cold seawater is even more critical considering that oil and gas operations at a depth of 900 m could be associated with more than 60 km of pipeline length to reach an onshore system for a typical seabed bathymetry. This paper assesses the potential reuse of the POGP as a CWP for the Ocean OTEC system. The temperature distribution within CWP is analyzed using a thermal and fluid dynamics approach. The results show that the reuse of POGP for the OTEC system could offer an excellent opportunity for capital cost reductions because the POGP has a remaining service life of over 20 years. However, the results of the analysis of heat and mass transfers show that the temperature change in cold seawater at CWP is about 3 to 6 oC, depending on the technical scenarios of the pipelines. The POGP used in the OTEC system could be suitable for a 20 kW OTEC system with practically no cost of pipelines, which usually accounts for a significant investment cost.
Optimization of Starch-Based Bioplastic from Sweet Potato using Box-Behnken Design with Plasticizer and Filler for Reduced Water Absorption
Authors: Syed Draman Sarifah Fauziah , Shahrul Hazaromi Ainaa’ Nashuha , Nursaidin NurFarhanis , Mohd Norzila , Daik Rusli , El Sheikh Said
Published: October 2024

Plastic is a ubiquitous material used in a wide range of applications, but its disposal has become a significant environmental concern. Bioplastics, which offer several advantages over conventional plastics, including a smaller carbon footprint, greater biodegradability, and adaptability, are being explored as a potential alternative. Among the bioplastics, starch-based polymers have gained significant attention due to their natural abundance, biocompatibility, low cost, and renewability. In this study, a starch-based bioplastic was developed using glycerol and sorbitol as plasticizers and wood dust as a filler through the casting method. Starch was extracted from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). The optimal conditions for preparing the bioplastic with minimum water adsorption were determined using a three-level Box-Behnken design. The amount of starch, plasticizer, and filler were the key parameters for this study. The percentage of water absorption was determined by immersing the prepared bioplastic in distilled water for 24 hours and weighing it. The result of the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of extracted starch showed a similar observation peak pattern when compared to the FTIR spectrum of commercial starch. The linear response model produced a good coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.8237), indicating that the chosen parameters implicitly affect the percentage of water absorption. The prediction percentage of water absorption after optimization is 20.069 with a desirability value of 0.806. This study shows that the response surface approach helps in determining the optimum conditions for the minimum percentage of water adsorption from starch-based bioplastic.
A rend kedvéért (?) Újra a térfigyelő kamerákról
Authors: Budavári Árpád
Published: October 2024

Besides setting forth a list of recommendations, by providing both an international analysis and a Hungary-focused assessment, the author gives an overview of the history and legal background of public video surveillance systems.
A Study on the Presence of Spectator in Post Cinematic Environment
Authors:   Korean Association of Cultural Studies, Lim Boram
Published: October 2024

This study defines the diversified media environment of contemporary visual art as a post-cinema environment and analyzes how the spatial expansion of the screen and the conceptual transformation of the camera have occurred within it. By examining the altered methods of image production, mediation, and reception, the research reveals the presence of the spectator as a noncorporeal subject in the visual field of image experience. The changes in the screen and the audience have been driven by the transition to multi-screen and multimedia environments, leading to a transformation in visual perception through physical environments that interact with images in expanded spaces. Additionally, the post-cinema camera, as a non-human agency, has broadened the scope of image production and mediation through computer imaging processes and digital technologies. It not only intervenes between the unexperienced realities beyond human cognition and the audience as the experiencing subject, but also produces and mediates images for machines as machine vision, facilitating the process of converting representation into information. Furthermore, this study argues that the issue of spectator presence in the visual field can be understood through the paradox of absence and presence in the technological context of 21st-century media. It asserts that the spectator emerges as an “electronic body” that transcends the physical body in the image reception environment. The concept of the audience's electronic body introduces perspectives on the coding and informatization of the body due to technological interventions by computers and media, as well as the hybrid sensations resulting from the interaction between bodies and devices, proposing a new notion of corporeality for non-corporeal subjects in the new media environment.
Why Screening Films? : A Study on the Contemporary Non-institutional Ciné-Club
Authors:   Korean Association of Cultural Studies, Park Dongsoo
Published: October 2024

This study aims to examine non-institutional cinè-clubs that screen films in the context of the increasingly individualised way of watching movies. Cinè-clubs in Korea, which have existed in various forms, have had a significant impact on the film viewing experience and the formation of cinephilia, which has been shaped by the military dictatorship, democratisation movement, and media changes of video and internet. This study analyses the activities and programming processes of non-institutional cinè-clubs in Seoul through a qualitative research methodology to discover the role and significance of cinè-clubs. Cine club operators born in the mid-90s to early 00s have embraced cinema in a variety of different ways. From this experience, their cinè-clubs represent a cross-section of contemporary cinèphilia, with activities that straddle the boundaries between legal and illegal, and programming that does not follow the canon, in the realm of the non-institutional. The university space and interaction in online communities are important conditions for the operation of these cinè-clubs. In addition, non-institutional cinè-clubs, which were formed as a result of the film movement in the 1990s, contribute to the diversity of film culture and the formation of new communities by discovering and screening films that have been marginalised by the Korean film institutions such as film festivals, film schools, and cinèmathèques. In the current stagnant Korean film culture, non-institutional cinè-clubs become a cultural space to discover lost vitality.
Exploring Fresh Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) as a Dairy-Free Probiotic Source
Authors: Masued Muhammad Sufian , Rehman Shams Ur , Shah Muhamamd Musaddiq , Zafar Lubna , Ahmed Raees , Khan Muhammad Tariq , Ahmad Aqeel , jamil Muhammad , Mateen Abdul
Published: October 2024

Probiotics are living microorganisms that, when given in appropriate amounts, have optimistic effects on body. This study explores the potential of fresh lettuce (Lactuca sativa) leaves as a probiotic source for individuals with dairy allergies. Gram staining and the catalase test were used to identify the bacteria that were recovered from lettuce leaves as gram-positive, catalase-negative strains. The resistance to antibiotics and their capacity to tolerate low pH and bile salt concentrations both essential for surviving the digestive tract were evaluated. The bacteria showed a high tolerance to bile salts and low pH, but they were susceptible to ampicillin, streptomycin, gentamycin, chloramphenicol, and neomycin. Tests for gas production in the presence of glucose revealed no gas production. Molecular techniques such as PCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed the presence of Enterococcus lactis, Enterococcus durans, Lactobacillus paracasei, and Lactobacillus casei
KIC 8840638: A Newly Discovered Eclipsing Binary with δ Scuti–Type Oscillations
Authors: Yang Tao-Zhi , Zuo Zhao-Yu , Liu Jun-Hui , Jiang Deng-Kai , Zhang Zhi-Xiang , Tang Qin-jie , García Hernández Antonio
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we analyze the light variation of KIC 8840638 using high-precision time-series data from the Kepler mission. The analysis reveals that this target is a new detached eclipsing binary system with a δ Scuti component, rather than a single δ Scuti star as previously known. The frequency analysis of short-cadence data reveals 95 significant frequencies, most of which lie in a frequency range of 23−32 day−1. Among them, seven independent frequencies are detected in the typical frequency range of δ Scuti stars, and they are identified as pressure modes. In addition, a possible large separation value of Δν = 36.5 ± 0.1 μHz is also detected with the Fourier transform (FT) and autocorrelation function (AC) analysis. The orbital frequency f
orb (= 0.320008 day−1) and its harmonics are also detected directly in the frequency spectrum. The binary modelings derived from PHOEBE indicate that this binary system is in detached configurations with a mass ratio of

q
=

0.33

−
0.04

+
0.06

, an inclination angle of

40.19

−
2.84

+
3.96

​​​​​°. The derived parameters and binary evolutionary model suggest that the primary star is an object on the verge of leaving the main sequence with a temperature of ∼7600 K, while the secondary appears to be a cool component entering the giant branch with a temperature ∼3100 K lower than the primary. Moreover, this system may have undergone a mass ratio reversal, where the more massive star is the gainer component and the less massive one is the donor star.
Revisiting the Vertical Distribution of H i Absorbing Clouds in the Solar Neighborhood. II. Constraints from a Large Catalog of 21 cm Absorption Observations at High Galactic Latitudes
Authors: Rybarczyk Daniel R. , Wenger Trey V. , Stanimirović Snežana
Published: October 2024

The cold neutral medium (CNM) is where neutral atomic hydrogen (H i) is converted into molecular clouds, so the structure and kinematics of the CNM are key drivers of galaxy evolution. Here we provide new constraints on the vertical distribution of the CNM using the recently developed kinematic_scaleheight software package and a large catalog of sensitive H i absorption observations. We estimate the thickness of the CNM in the solar neighborhood to be σ

z
∼ 50–90 pc, assuming a Gaussian vertical distribution. This is a factor of ∼2 smaller than typically assumed, indicating that the thickness of the CNM in the solar neighborhood is similar to that found in the inner Galaxy, consistent with recent simulation results. If we consider only structures with H i optical depths τ > 0.1 or column densities N(H i) > 1019.5 cm−2, which recent work suggests are thresholds for molecule formation, we find σ

z
∼ 50 pc. Meanwhile, for structures with τ < 0.1 or column densities N(H i) < 1019.5 cm−2, we find σ

z
∼ 120 pc. These thicknesses are similar to those derived for the thin- and thick-disk molecular cloud populations traced by CO emission, possibly suggesting that cold H i and CO are well mixed. Approximately 20% of CNM structures are identified as outliers, with kinematics that are not well explained by Galactic rotation. We show that some of these CNM structures—perhaps representing intermediate-velocity clouds—are associated with the Local Bubble wall. We compare our results to recent observations and simulations, and we discuss their implications for the multiphase structure of the Milky Way’s interstellar medium.
JWST Ice Band Profiles Reveal Mixed Ice Compositions in the HH 48 NE Disk
Authors: Bergner Jennifer B. , Sturm J. A. , Piacentino Elettra L. , McClure M. K. , Öberg Karin I. , Boogert A. C. A. , Dartois E. , Drozdovskaya M. N. , Fraser H. J. , Harsono Daniel , Ioppolo Sergio , Law Charles J. , Lis Dariusz C. , McGuire Brett A. , Melnick Gary J. , Noble Jennifer A. , Palumbo M. E. , Pendleton Yvonne J. , Perotti Giulia , Qasim Danna , Rocha W. R. M. , van Dishoeck E. F.
Published: October 2024

Planet formation is strongly influenced by the composition and distribution of volatiles within protoplanetary disks. With JWST, it is now possible to obtain direct observational constraints on disk ices, as recently demonstrated by the detection of ice absorption features toward the edge-on HH 48 NE disk as part of the Ice Age Early Release Science program. Here, we introduce a new radiative transfer modeling framework designed to retrieve the composition and mixing status of disk ices using their band profiles, and apply it to interpret the H2O, CO2, and CO ice bands observed toward the HH 48 NE disk. We show that the ices are largely present as mixtures, with strong evidence for CO trapping in both H2O and CO2 ice. The HH 48 NE disk ice composition (pure versus polar versus apolar fractions) is markedly different from earlier protostellar stages, implying thermal and/or chemical reprocessing during the formation or evolution of the disk. We infer low ice-phase C/O ratios around 0.1 throughout the disk, and also demonstrate that the mixing and entrapment of disk ices can dramatically affect the radial dependence of the C/O ratio. It is therefore imperative that realistic disk ice compositions are considered when comparing planetary compositions with potential formation scenarios, which will fortunately be possible for an increasing number of disks with JWST.
2017 Outburst of H 1743–322: AstroSat and Swift View
Authors: Sahu Pragati , Chand Swadesh , Thakur Parijat , Dewangan G. C. , Agrawal V. K. , Tripathi Prakash , Das Subhashish
Published: October 2024

We perform a comprehensive timing and broadband spectral analysis using an AstroSat observation of the low-mass black hole X-ray binary H 1743–322 during its 2017 outburst. Additionally, we use two Swift/XRT observations, one of which is simultaneous with AstroSat and the other taken three days earlier, for timing analysis. The hardness–intensity diagram indicates that the 2017 outburst was a failed one, unlike the previous successful outburst in 2016. We detect type C quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) in the simultaneous AstroSat and Swift/XRT observations at ∼0.4 Hz, whereas an upper harmonic is noticed at ∼0.9 Hz in the AstroSat data only. Although these features are found to be energy-independent, we notice a shift of ∼0.08 Hz in the QPO frequency over the interval of three days. We also investigate the nature of variability in the two consecutive failed outbursts in 2017 and 2018. We detect soft time lags of 23.2 ± 12.2 ms and 140 ± 80 ms at the type C QPO frequencies in 2017 AstroSat and 2018 XMM-Newton data, respectively. The lag–energy spectra from both the outbursts suggest that the soft lags may be associated with reflection features. The broadband spectral analysis indicates that the source was in the low/hard state during the AstroSat observation. Modeling of the disk and reflection continuum suggests the presence of an accretion disk that is significantly truncated by at least 27.4r
g from the innermost stable circular orbit when the source luminosity is ∼1.6% of the Eddington luminosity.
Joint Observation of a Series of Magnetic Holes by Tianwen-1 and MAVEN on Mars
Authors: Zhou T. Y. , Fu H. S. , Guo Z. Z. , Cao J. B. , Wang Y. M. , Fu W. D. , Wang Z. , Ge M.
Published: October 2024

Magnetic holes (MHs) are transient magnetic structures responsible for energy conversion in space plasma. Using single-spacecraft measurements from Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN), the existence of MHs on Mars has been confirmed. However, due to the limitations of single-spacecraft observations, significant uncertainty also arises on the identification of the spatial scale and 3D geometry of MHs. In this study, we report a series of MHs successively detected by Tianwen-1 near the high-latitude magnetopause and by the MAVEN spacecraft near the subsolar magnetopause. The large separation between Tianwen-1 and MAVEN (∼4 R
M) suggests these MHs are macroscale structures extending along the axial direction. Additionally, we observe whistler waves generated by electron perpendicular anisotropy in one of the macroscale MHs. This study is the first joint observation of Martian MHs, shedding light on the research of transient magnetic structures on Mars.
Phenotypic Variation of Wittrockia cyathiformis (Bromeliaceae) Across Life Forms and Forest Types in the Atlantic Rainforest
Authors: Grzebielucka Kamila , Nuvoloni Felipe Micali , Tardivo Rosângela Capuano
Published: October 2024

Background and aims – This study investigates the phenotypic plasticity of Wittrockia cyathiformis (Bromeliaceae), an endemic species of the Atlantic Rainforest, with the aim of evaluating its morphological variation in relation to different life forms and forest types, specifically Dense Ombrophilous Forest and Mixed Ombrophilous Forest.

Material and methods – Field collections were conducted in State Conservation Units and Campos Gerais National Park in Paraná during 2022 and 2023. We measured vegetative morphometric parameters of six to eight bromeliads for each life form (epiphytic, rupicolous, and terrestrial) in each forest type, totaling 43 specimens, with 22 from Dense Ombrophilous Forest and 21 from Mixed Ombrophilous Forest. Additionally, we assessed the regional conservation status of the species in Paraná.

Key results – The life forms of the plant did not result in significant phenotypic variations, except for the length of the leaf sheath, which was greater in epiphytes. However, W. cyathiformis exhibits distinct phenotypic patterns according to forest types, influenced by specific bioclimatic and environmental conditions. Bromeliads in Dense Ombrophilous Forest display characteristics typical of species in warm and humid environments, while in Mixed Ombrophilous Forest, the leaves are narrower with smaller spines.

Conclusion – The different life forms of this bromeliad do not lead to significant morphometric changes; however, phenotypic plasticity is observed among forest types, which may aid the species in adapting to varying environmental conditions. Although W. cyathiformis is classified as Least Concern (LC) in its regional conservation status due to its wide distribution, ongoing habitat loss and fragmentation in the Atlantic Forest necessitate conservation measures to ensure the long-term survival of its populations, as anthropogenic activities induce changes at a pace that may be incompatible with the species' evolutionary adaptations.