bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meta Analysis on the Digital Textbook's Effectiveness on Learning Attitude
Authors: SEO YoungMin , LEE YoungJun
Published: January 2025

This study was applied the digital textbook's effectiveness on the learning attitude to the reports about 24 schools for research designated by the MEST(Ministry of Education, Science & Technology) and local Education Offices in 2008 and 2009. From the report data, the researcher calculated the overall effect size on learning attitude and respective effect size on the subjects of Korean, Mathematics, Sociology, Science and English. The result of this study is as follows: First, in terms of the digital textbook' effect on learning attitude, its overall, average effect size was 0.20 and 57.5% in the U3 index. The digital textbook appeared 7.5% improvement in the learning attitude compared to that of paper-printed textbook. Second, its effect on each subject was appeared in order of Korea(0.28), Sociology(0.27), Science(0.25), Mathematics(0.08), and English(0.08). According to Cohen's interpretation method, it can be said 3 subjects of Korean, Sociology and Science have small-sized improvement effects. But the subjects of English and Mathematics seemed not to have any change in learning attitude depending a kind of textbook.
Comprehensive Computational Support for Collaborative Learning from Writing
Authors: REIMANN Peter , CALVO Rafael , YACEF Kalina , SOUTHAVILAY Vilaythong
Published: January 2025

Learning about subject matter and about writing by collaboratively authoring an electronic document is an important variant of computer-supported collaborative learning. Collaborative writing is particularly often practiced in Higher Education. Our research has the goal to develop comprehensive software support tools for collaborative discipline-based writing, and to study how the team writing process is affected by the use of these tools. This paper describes initial tool developments that integrate computational document analysis methods with process mining methods into a comprehensive writing environment and reports first experiences gained in a undergraduate engineering course.
Presentation Based Learning Support System to Facilitate Meta-Learning Communications
Authors: NOGUCHI Daijiro , SETA Kazuhisa , FUJIWARA Minoru , IKEDA Mitsuru
Published: January 2025

As described in this paper, we propose a presentation-based meta-learning scheme. First, we introduce the design rationale of our meta-learning scheme by introducing our conceptualization, which clarifies the kind of support to facilitate meta-learning that is embedded into our learning scheme. Secondly, we present support functions that we embed into the system. Thirdly, we conduct experiments to verify the meaningfulness of our learning scheme, which suggests the system can stimulate learners’ reflection on their learning processes. Furthermore, it can stimulate learners’ meta-learning communications. Results show that users tightened their criteria to evaluate their own learning processes and understanding states. It is useful for learners to facilitate change in their learning processes.
A Tripartite Model of Co-designing for an iMVT Integrated Science Curriculum
Authors: YE Xiaoxuan , ZHANG Baohui , CHIA Pei Chun
Published: January 2025

Curricula that substantiate innovative pedagogies are crucial for sustaining and scaling up education reform efforts. However, when researcher-designed curricula are enacted by teachers, the results might not be what researchers expected. Both researchers and teachers need to understand national curriculum policies in order to align their selection, design, and enactment of certain curricula. A co-design strategy, thus, is ideal in order to address the challenges. In this paper, first we describe a tripartite model of curriculum co-design process for a secondary chemistry unit through collaboration among a Singapore MOE chemistry curriculum specialist, researchers, and teachers when developing an iMVT integrated curriculum. This was also intended as a means for teacher professional development to build teacher competence in adopting, sustaining, and scaling up our innovation. Secondly, we intend to find out a mechanism behind this tripartite collaboration to theorize a co-design model by analyzing the interactions among the three parties over about six months of time following a design research tradition. The study contributes to the literature by proposing and evaluating a tripartite model for curriculum development and teacher professional development.
Exploring Interactive Patterns among Students in Competitive Games by a Mixed Approach
Authors: LIAO Calvin , CHEN Zhi-Hong , YANG Euphony , CHEN Fei-Ching , CHAN Tak-Wai
Published: January 2025

Recently, many researchers are interested in the game-based learning environment. However, few empirical studies investigated the issues of surrounding influence between real classroom context and virtual environment context. Hence, this study examines the interactions among students in the situation of competitive games. We implemented a game-based learning environment, entitled My-Pet-My-Quest, and a study was conducted in an elementary after-school club for 29 students over a four-month period. This study employed a mixed approach for data collection and analysis that contains collecting system records data, observation comments, and questionnaires, as well as adopting social network analysis and regression analyses. The results showed that 1) the students’ self-reported friendship states predict the extent to which they interact with their friend in on-line environment; 2) the interactive patterns of schoolboy and schoolgirl differ regarding their genders in game-based learning environment; and 3) an elementary school student in the competitive game not only competed with others, but also enhanced the social interaction and emotional communication. Some suggestions about the results were also discussed. Firstly, researchers could use mixed methods to explore the patterns of interaction on game-based learning environments; secondly, researchers could adopt social network analysis for the design of game-based learning environments; finally, researchers could comprehend the interactive patterns of real classrooms and virtual competitive games.
Changing the Reading Attitude of Young Children through Facebook
Authors: NG Siam Hong , CHAI Ching Sing , YEE Siong Yew
Published: January 2025

It is widely recognized that positive reading attitude affects reading performances [1]. As such, the aim of this study is to examine the effect of a reading program that leverage on social networking tool Facebook on reading attitude. Reading attitude is affected by personal beliefs, social beliefs and reading experiences [2]. In this study, pupils in the treatment group were required to post book reports onto Facebook which provided them with peers support and social purpose for reading and sharing their reading experiences with peers. Pre- and post- test were administered using Elementary Reading Attitudes Survey (ERAS) before and after the implementation of Facebook reading program. The result of the study shows that the treatment group developed a more positive attitude towards reading of Chinese story books than control group.
A Blog-Based Peer Assessment Model to Support Pupils’ Composition Activity
Authors: CHIEN Tzu-Chao , CHEN Zhi-Hong , CHAN Tak-Wai
Published: January 2025

In this study, we design a blog-based peer assessment composition model for the elementary school students and try to identify the specific benefits of the blog-based assessment. This study spent effort to explain the characteristics of blog-based peer assessment through designing a composition model. In addition, the preliminary evaluation to understand teachers’ initial opinions about this composition model was also provided.
The Effect on Using Automatic Machine Translation for Motivating Reading Skill
Authors: SUPNITHI Thepchai , TRAKULTAWEEKOON Kanokorn , NA CHAI Wasan , RUANGRAJITPAKORN Taneth
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we develop a framework to increase student's motivation by applying automatic translations which provide Thai translated output to students. Students have to edit or correct the translation results from the system and receive comments from teacher. Based on this framework, the system enables them to increase their motiction in reading. We evaluate results of our system at Thammasart Klongluang School. The students get a significance improvement and satisfy with the system.
An Evaluation of Generated Question Sequences Based on Competency Modelling
Authors: SITTHISAK Onjira , GILBERT Lester
Published: January 2025

In order to support lifelong learning, assessment systems have to focus on representation and updating a variety of knowledge domains, rules, assessments and learner’s competency profiles. Adaptive assessment provides efficient and personalised routes to establishing the proficiencies of learners. Existing adaptive assessment systems are faced the challenge of dealing with inconsistently measuring and representing student’s knowledge. We can envisage a future in which learners are able to maintain and expose their competency profile to multiple services, throughout their life, which will use the competency information in the model to personalise assessment. This paper presents an adaptive assessment system based on a competency model. The system automatically generates questions from a competency framework and sequence the questions based on the taxonomies of subject matter or of capability, making it possible to guide learners in developing questions and testing knowledge for themselves. The questions and their sequencing are constructed from a given set of learning outcomes and the subject matter recorded in an ontological database. The architecture of the system and the mechanism of sequencing the questions are discussed.
A Virtual Chinese Language Class in Second Life: Lessons Learnt from a Two-Month Pilot Study
Authors: Kan Y. H. , Lan Y. J. , Hsiao Indy Y.T. , Yang Stephen J.H.
Published: January 2025

Authentic context and active social interaction are two critical factors in the success of foreign language learning. Second life (SL) has been viewed as an attractive platform with potential for foreign language learning because of its virtual authentic real context. However, simply moving students to SL guarantee neither students’ active involvement and rich interpersonal interaction nor effective learning outcome. In a two-month pilot study of Chinese learning and teaching in SL, analytical results indicate that there is still more needed to do in SL to help create a more active Chinese language learning environment for Chinese learning and teaching for global learners. While this pilot study focuses on teaching and learning Chinese as a foreign language, the findings and suggestions are also relevant to understanding the related issues of other language.
A Novel Approach for Assisting Teachers in Assessment of Student Reading Ability in web-based Learning Environment
Authors: CHEN Jun Ming , CHEN Meng Chang , SUN Yeali
Published: January 2025

Reading exercises are critical for developing strong reading comprehension. However, due to resource constraints and a lack of accurate evaluation methods, English instructors can hardly assess student reading ability effectively. In past decades, learning by reading is known to be challenging for both teachers and students involved, especially for students learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL). To cope with this problem, in this paper, we proposed a Tag-based assessment approach to both elicit reading behaviors from EFL learners and assist the teachers in tracing and evaluating the student reading ability effectively. The experimental results showed that the novel approach can not only find out the relations between learners’ tags and their comprehension, but also help teachers to evaluate students’ reading ability.
"Lecture Video and Scene-related Knowledge Sharing Common Platform Design and its Prototyping -A Practical Example of Learner-centric Open Video Content Service-"
Authors: NAKANISHI Tadashi , SHIMADA Satoshi , KOJIMA Akira , FUKUHARA Yoshimi
Published: January 2025

Open Course Ware (OCW) was first adopted by universities to release text-based lecture notes, and lecture videos are a recent addition. We have designed Web site which can be shared among OCW member universities without their own facility for sharing lecture video and lecture-scene-related-knowledge. We initially propose the ‘Social Curator Collaboration Model’ which creates an environment that general public user other than course lecturer can participate as learning assistant to reply to other learner’s questions or opinions. We also propose Web-API function mash-up architectural design to realize OCW common platform. We have evaluated the functionality of our proposed model by prototyping the infrastructure and challenged it with real OCW lecture video.
A Technique for Error Awareness in Pencil Drawing
Authors: MATSUDA Noriyuki , HIRASHIMA Tsukasa , HORIGUCHI Tomoya , TAKI Hirokazu
Published: January 2025

Training in realistic drawing is a basic technique of art education. Even though a novice artist may feel something is wrong in his or her sketch, the novice often cannot explain what the errors are. It is typical for a drawing teacher to try to advise a student about errors during drawing training by using analogical explanation. Analogical explanation provides the learner with an image of a solid that reflects his or her errors. However, the significance or merit of this kind of explanation is not well understood, even though the importance of learning by error is well known in practical education conditions. This paper describes a technique for error awareness in pencil drawing. The technique involves the creation of a three-dimensional model that reflects the learner’s errors as acquired from a scanned digital image of the learner’s pencil drawing.
Recommendation and Diagnosis Services for Presentation Semantics
Authors: HASEGAWA Shinobu , TANIDA Akihide , KASHIHARA Akihiro
Published: January 2025

The main topic in this paper is how to effectively help research group members share and reuse presentation documents. The key idea is to propose a presentation semantics framework, which represents semantic roles of and relations among presentation slides with metadata. We then discuss a machine learning technique for analyzing the semantics roles and relationships automatically from the repository of the documents accumulated in the research group. This paper also demonstrates interactive Web services that recommend the metadata to be attached to the documents newly made, and that diagnose the presentation semantics of the documents.
Kit-Build Concept Map and Its Preliminary Evaluation
Authors: YAMASAKI Kazuya , FUKUDA Hiroyuki , HIRASHIMA Tsukasa , FUNAOI Hideo
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we have described Kit-Build method as an approach to realize automatic assessment of a concept map. In Kit-Build method, an ideal concept map (goal map) is prepared by an expert of a target domain at first, and parts are generated by decomposing the goal map. The parts are provided to a learner, and then the learner rebuilds a concept map (learner map) by connecting the parts. It would be easy to diagnose the maps by comparing the goal map and learner map because the same parts are used in them. We have already designed and developed a learning environment with the Kit-Build method. An experimental evaluation of the learning environment is also reported.
A Modeling Language for Supporting Evidence-based Nursing Processes
Authors: KO I-PING , Pan Jiann-I
Published: January 2025

In the past decade, evidence-based practices are attached importance to nursing care field. Evidence, such as randomized clinical trial, has presented the facts in a scientific way that offers people believable and referable guideline in clinical practices. In order to practice evidence-based nursing, practitioners must understand the concept of studies and know how to accurately evaluate these studies. However, currently the growing numbers of studies are almost published as a science article and written in English. This fact makes the evidence-based studies hard to readily understand by the nurses who work in non-spoken English countries. In this paper, we present a modeling language that based on graphical notations, called UeML, for representing the structures of nursing evidence and supporting evidence-based nursing processes. The main contribution in this proposed approach is artifact of nursing evidence represented in UeML provides a more concisely way for nurses to understand the context of evidence-based studies and apply it.
Development of Streaming Contents Generation System for Rapid e-Learning
Authors: KAMAGA Seiichi , KOZONO Kazutake , SUEMITSU Mamoru , KIYAN Tsuyoshi , OHSHIMA Yasuhiro , AKIYAMA Hidenori
Published: January 2025

A streaming contents generation system for rapid e-Learning has been developed. PowerPoint with narration is converted to e-Learning contents, which is then published through a Web system, allowing researchers not familiar with information technology to easily create e-Learning contents. This system, called the Kumamoto Universal and Multipurpose Authoring system (KUMA), is useful for propagating rapid e-Learning.
Design and Implementation of Synchronized data with e-Learning systems
Authors: ISHIKAWA Yuki , KANENISHI Kazuhide , MATSUURA Kenji , MITSUHARA Hiroyuki , YANO Yoneo
Published: January 2025

There have been a lot of web systems in Higher Education (e.g. LMS, library system, registration system and so on). When several LMSs (e.g. Moodle) exist in each faculty (or each department), the student should access to any LMSs. Furthermore the web usage between universities extends. It is assumed that the students uses LMSs of any universities. When credit transfer system at other institutions is signed, student can take a course at other university's LMS. The student acquires the credits from other universities. It is necessary to check the recording history log. However, the log is distributed. The demands of interconnection of data of between systems arise when several Web systems exist. To solve the problem, we develop the synchronized environment that uses the web interface between web systems.
Incorporating Mobile Elements in Collaborative Pedagogical Scripts
Authors: KOHEN-VACS Dan , RONEN Miky , BEN AHARON Oren , MILRAD Marcelo
Published: January 2025

This paper describes our on-going efforts regarding how combining the potential and affordances of two approaches and systems can be used to provide teachers with the ability to design and enact online learning scenarios that include activities performed in outdoor settings. We describe how different technical features of our systems have been integrated combining web-based solutions and mobile applications. We present a detailed example of a learning scenario that was implemented with undergraduate students and included outdoor activities performed via mobile phones, as well as other learning tasks using the web and computers in the classroom and at home. Our results imply of ways teachers and students may use technology in order to support collaborative learning trajectories across different contexts, as well as insights pointing to the pedagogical and design challenges involved in combining a variety of technologies to support outdoors and indoors learning activities.
Detecting Redundant Items in Construction of Multiple Equivalent Test Forms using Latent Dirichlet Allocation
Authors: SONGMUANG Pokpong , UENO Maomi , NAGAOKA Keizo
Published: January 2025

We propose an automatic construction method of multiple equivalent test forms indicated by test information function, and the method reduces the probabilities of selecting redundant items to the same test form. In previous studies, although their methods minimized the different between the test information functions of the constructed test forms, they neglected the content similarities of selected items in the same test form. Therefore, the content similar items have probabilities to be selected into the same test form. This affects the test reliability. The main idea of this paper is to reduce the probabilities by applying a latent Dirichlet allocation in the test construction method to detect the content similarities between the selected items and the remaining items in the item banks.
Cognitive Assessment Applying with Item Response Theory
Authors: SITTHISAK Onjira , SOONKLANG Tasanawan , GILBERT Lester
Published: January 2025

Using item response theory (IRT) in computer adaptive test (CAT) is critical to assess learners’ readiness for further learning. This theory has assumptions concerning the mathematical relationship between learner’s abilities and item responses. A numerical value from the theory has potential to decide who the best learner is. The IRT score only provides the learner’s result and lack of the assessment of learner’s ability level in cognitive skills. This paper proposes an approach of using Bloom’s cognitive skills for evaluating learned ability level by considering achieved the level of difficulty and the IRT score. Our starting point in the adaptive test is at a question of learners’ knowledge level difficulty that we got from their pre-test scores instead of starting with a question of a medium difficulty. This approach provides the effectiveness of CAT to test cognitive skills and offers some theoretical considerations on linking learning outcomes and assessments.
Learning Objectives in Web-Based Continuous Inquiry Learning Using Social Bookmark
Authors: MIYOSHI Yasuo , TADOKORO Ryo , YOSHIZAWA Masahiro , OKAMOTO Ryo , KANENISHI Kazuhide
Published: January 2025

Although an inquiring learner has a learning objective, in web-based continuous inquiry learning using social bookmark, association with the bookmark and the learning objective of her/him would be lost. In addition, the learner often forgets existence of the bookmark of a web page got passively. Therefore it is difficult for the learner to revisit the bookmark as reflection of the learning activity. In this paper, we consider how to let a learner be conscious of her/his learning objectives.
Toward an Understanding of the University Students' Behavioral Intention to Building e-Portfolio via Blog Service
Authors: HUNG Hui-Chun , WU Chia-Shan , YOUNG Shelley Shwu-Ching
Published: January 2025

This study attempts to explore Taiwan's higher education students’ needs and motivations for building their own E-Portfolio via blog service. To examine university students' behavioral intention, this study employed the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as the research framework. One hundred and ninety-two participants completed a survey questionnaire measuring their responses to four constructs in the TPB. The results show students agree that using blog can promote more the interactions between both teacher and students and peers. To motivate students to building e-portfolio via blog, we need to explore the needs from user’s perspectives. Such as the function of priority setting, privacy, self design space, and as an access to get job or school.
Mechanism behind the Number of Teachers and Education Personnel:Empirical Study of Data Collection of Teacher and Education Personnel (UNTEP) in Indonesia
Authors: NURJANAH Sofiana , DAMARJATI Herru
Published: January 2025

It is important to government to anticipate the data duplication possibility in counting the number of teachers and education Personnel (TEP) that cause inaccurate data collection. Counting duplication may be occurred because of inevitable situation such as TEP can work at more than one schools without anticipation possibility that one teacher could be counted as more than one teacher. Worse, geographically it is highly possible that TEP can work for more then one school, different schools at the same districts or different schools at different districts and maybe at different provinces. Whereas, the accurate TEP data is always required by the Ministry of National Education (MONE) to make a strategic plan. In many situation inaccuracy data raise hesitations to estimate the government budget. To reduce the hesitations, MONE need the system that can detect, control and prevent the occurrence of duplication. Detection of duplication can be attempted through the similarity information attached on each individual TEP, either permanent or temporary. In Indonesia, The ministry of national education of Indonesia has unique number for teacher and education personnel (UNTEP) which well known as NUPTK in Indonesia. NUPTK also detect duplicated TEP through the similarity information attached on each individual TEP. NUPTK is generated after uniqueness ascertained and guaranteed.
ICT Integration in Malaysian Smart Schools: Do teachers' gender, computer ownership, Internet access, subject area and ICT training matter?
Authors: WONG Ah Boey , BAKAR Ab Rahim , HAMZAH Ramlah , WONG Su Luan
Published: January 2025

In this information age, Malaysian teachers are expected to integrate ICT in the learning environments. The issue of how various factors affect teachers’ classroom practices are of great concern as the Malaysian Ministry of Education recognizes the importance of ICT in the education sector. This study was conducted to determine the effects of five selected factors on teachers’ ICT integration in the classrooms. This study involved 438 secondary school Smart Schools teachers who were randomly selected. The research findings showed that there were no significant effects on ICT integration with respect to teachers’ gender and computer ownership. However, there were significant effects in ICT integration due to subject area, Internet access and level of ICT training.
Ontological Descriptions for Eye Movement Data and Mental States in Taking Computer-based Multiple-Choice Tests
Authors: MURAMATSU Keiichi , KOJIMA Kazuaki , MATSUI Tatsunori
Published: January 2025

Recently, the research in intelligent educational systems has much interest in exploring data from educational settings to understand learners behavior and mental states. To further understand learners based on such the data and sophisticate supportive interventions by educational systems, knowledge of relationships between learners' behavior and mental states must be shared. To propose a framework to share the knowledge, this study attempted ontological descriptions for learners’ eye-movement and mental states in solving computer-based multiple-choice problems. The current study forms a technical basis for development of an IMS (Intelligent Mentoring System) in which an automatic mentoring function is implemented with ITS (Intelligent Tutoring System).
Development and Evaluation of an Intelligent Tutoring System for Teaching Natural Deduction
Authors: Miwa Kazuhisa , Terai Hitoshi , Kanzaki Nana , Nakaikeb Ryuichi
Published: January 2025

We present an intelligent tutoring system that teaches natural deduction to undergraduates. Our system was implemented on a client-server framework. An expert problem solver in the system provides basic instructional help, such as suggesting the use of a rule in the next step of solving a problem and indicating the inference drawn by applying the rule. Students learning with our tutoring system can vary the degree of help they receive (from low to high and vice versa). Empirical evaluation showed that the system enhanced the problem-solving performance of participants during the learning phase, and these performance gains were carried over to the post-test phase.
Combining Language and Speech Features to Predict Students’ Emotions in E-Learning Environments
Authors: YU Liang-Chih , LIANG Shou-Fang , LIN Wei-Hua
Published: January 2025

Emotions play an important role in e-learning environments. Text and speech have been recognized as convenient and natural means for expressing emotions, and are increasingly used in human-computer interaction interfaces for e-learning applications, indicating that language and speech could potentially be used to predict learner emotions. In this study, we investigate the use of speech and language features for automatic emotion recognition. A corpus of emotion-laden sentences was collected from student-teacher dialogs in the context of mathematics instruction. The corpus was then annotated to analyze emotion types as they occurred in e-learning applications. The speech and language features were then used to build several classifiers for emotion recognition. Experiments show that the two features combined yielded better results than either feature alone. In addition, among speech features, energy and formant are found to best contribute to successful classification.
A Framework for Identifying Working Memory Capacity from the Log Information of Learning Systems
Authors: Changa Ting-Wen , El-Bishoutya Moushir M. , Grafa Sabine , Kinshuka
Published: January 2025

Working memory capacity (WMC) is a cognitive trait that affects students’ learning behaviors to perform complex cognitive tasks such as reading comprehension, problem solving, and making decision. Considering students’ WMC when providing them with course materials and activities helps in avoiding cognitive overload and therefore positively affects students’ learning. However, in order to consider students’ WMC in the learning process, an approach is needed to identify students’ WMC. To address this problem, we introduce a general framework to automatically identify WMC from students’ behavior in a learning system. Our approach is generic and designed to work with different learning systems. It connects to the learning systems’ database and extracts students’ behavior data to analyze them for indications about their WMC. The proposed approach has been implemented as an extension to a tool for detecting learning styles, enabling this tool to additionally identify students’ WMC. By knowing students’ WMC, teachers can provide meaningful recommendations to support students with low and high WMC. Furthermore, such information is the basis for designing adaptive systems that can automatically provide students with individualized support based on their WMC.
Designing Lessons with an Ontological Modeling Approach in Practice
Authors: HAYASHI Yusuke , MIZOGUCHI Riichiro
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we discuss the effectiveness of an ontological modeling approach in practice. Although a lesson plan is a document that describes the plan of a lesson, the design rationale behind it tends to be implicit. The authors have developed an ontology called OMNIBUS and a theory-aware authoring system called SMARTIES. This paper describes the result of the experimental use of them in the real task of schoolteachers.
A Framework for Analyzing Course Contents in Learning Management Systems with Respect to Learning Styles
Authors: EL-BISHOUTY Moushir M. , CHANG Ting-Wen , KINSHUK  , GRAF Sabine
Published: January 2025

The harmony between the learning styles that a course supports and the actual learning styles of learners helps to magnify the efficiency of the learning process. The aim of this research is to present a framework for analyzing existing course contents in learning management systems and providing the teacher with information regarding how well the course supports different learning styles of students based on the Felder and Silverman’s learning style model. This allows the teachers to be aware of the suitability of their courses for students with different learning styles and to improve their courses to support more learners. This paper introduces the design and the implementation of the framework.
Negotiated Learner Models for Today
Authors: BULL Susan , VATRAPU Ravi
Published: January 2025

Negotiated learner models can help improve the accuracy of a learner model as well as promote metacognition. This paper defines directions for negotiating learner models based on multiple data sources, as the range of technologies and interaction types increases.
Analysis of Qualities of Effective Teachers and Issues on Designing Educational Robots
Authors: YENGIN Ilker , LEE Sau-Lai , Saerbeck Martin
Published: January 2025

This paper provides a theoretical analysis of the feasibility of developing a robot that could take the role of an effective teacher by examining qualities and roles of effective teachers in the classrooms.
Design of Learning Hyperspace Construction System for Knowledge Refinement in Self-Directed Learning
Authors: NARUTA Yukinori , OKAMOTO Ryo
Published: January 2025

In self-directed learning, learners often finish their leaning with insufficient or incomplete knowledge. This is a serious problem for learners because they could not have an opportunity to improve their knowledge. One approach to improve their knowledge is to present them to others. In our research, we have focused on both of acquisition and publishing processes of knowledge and propose a method to specify and revise the errors in the acquired knowledge. In this paper, we describe the design and the development of the learning hyperspace construction system which based on the method to specify the incomplete or insufficient knowledge through a computerized presentation.
A Course Guidance System based on Learner Characteristic Analysis: Case study of Chiangmai Rajabhat University
Authors: Wongchomphu Phrimphrai
Published: January 2025

This study was conducted to study about Course guidance System. The main objective of the research is to develop a guiding system to match student's capability and course characteristic. Currently, we focus on Computer science, Information technology and Web programming and security. We apply ontology concept to define learner profile, and course profile which belong to subject profile in detail. Learner profile assessment and Course profile assessment are introduced to decide the characteristic of user and subject. We apply mapping module to map the characteristic between course and student profile. Finally the summarized recommended results are reported to student.
Enriching Multimodality in Learning: Integrating Computer Modeling to Support a Learner Generated Topic
Authors: KIM Mi Song , LEE Wei Ching , YE Xiao Xuan , KIM Beaumie
Published: January 2025

In this paper, the researchers collaborated with an experienced physics teacher to design a multimodality modeling workshop involving a 3D computer model to facilitate the workshop participants’ learning of their self-generated astronomy topic – lunar libration. The modified visual representation in computer model improved the quality of their observation experiences and assisted them to consolidate their understanding on lunar libration. Participatory learning environment created through the Embodied Modeling Mediated Activity (EMMA) encouraged learners to investigate their interest driven and self-generated inquiry. Researchers modified and integrated modeling software (i.e. Astronomicon) to support learners’ interests. Multimodality was employed to mediate the self-directed exploration and collaborative discussion in understanding the lunar libration. This finding implies that it is important to establish a sustainable learning community to design and conduct multimodality modeling lessons in informal learning settings.
A Training System that Analyzes the Behavioral Factors of Children with Autism
Authors: Fujii Yuji , Ogawa Hisashi , Kakegawa Junichi , Takano Miyuki , Morihiro Koichiro
Published: January 2025

Teachers of autistic students must observe the overt behaviors of these students and acquire the necessary skills to analyze the causes of these behaviors. Teachers can build a low-stress environment by considering the characteristics of each student, which can be revealed by analyzing their behavioral factors. However, it is not easy for less-experienced teachers to perform such analysis. Therefore, we are developing a training package that aims to help less-experienced teachers acquire the observation and analytical skills necessary to accurately identify the behavioral factors of each student with autism. We carried out our preliminary experiment by using a prototype system based on the hypothesis that it is possible for even an less-experienced teacher to make correct assumptions about behavioral factors such as stress. The results of our preliminary experiment support this hypothesis.
A Study in Negotiation-based Peer Assessment: Natural Language Applied in Assessment Representation
Authors: Lan Chung-Hsien , Lai K. Robert , Chou Chih-Yueh , Chao Kuo-Hung
Published: January 2025

This study presents a conceptual framework for providing intelligent supports through agent negotiation, fuzzy constraints and natural language processing to enhance the effectiveness of peer assessment. By using fuzzy constraints, it not only provides a flexible marking scheme to deal with the imprecision and uncertainty for the representation of assessment. Additionally, a fuzzy constraint-based negotiation mechanism is employed to coordinate the cognitive differences between students. Through iterative agent negotiation, students can reconcile the differences and reach an agreement on the assessment results. Owing to the difficulty in reading fuzzy sets of assessment results we incorporate the technique of linguistic approximation to translate fuzzy sets into natural language to facilitate students to understand assessment feedback. Experimental results indicated that students were able to acquire more meaningful and readable feedback to reflect upon and revise their work.
An Extraction Technique for Presentation Schema embedded in Presentation Documents
Authors: HASEGAWA Shinobu , KASHIHARA Akihiro
Published: January 2025

The main topic addressed in this paper is to help a novice graduate/undergraduate student compose his/her presentation document by means of presentation schema that represents heuristics for presenting research contents to be shared by laboratory members. The key idea is to propose a model of presentation structure, which represents roles of and sequences among presentation slides included in the documents with metadata. Following this model, the presentation schema is defined as a typical presentation structure for the laboratory members. This paper accordingly introduces a technique based on association rule mining for automatically extracting the presentation schema from the repository of the documents accumulated in the laboratory. In addition, we report case studies for investigating how to configure the thresholds of the mining and how the schema extracted is valid in comparing the ones between different laboratories.
An Interpretable Statistical Ability Estimation in Web-based Learning Environment
Authors: Huang Yi-Ting , Chen Meng Chang , Sun Yeali S.
Published: January 2025

With growing interest in estimating true ability in contemporary learning, the demand for personalized learning and Web-based learning environments has become increasingly important. This paper develops a statistical and interpretable method of estimating ability. This method captures the succession of learning over time and provides an explainable interpretation of a statistical measurement, based on Item Response Theory and the quantiles of acquisition distributions. The results from the simulation and empirical study demonstrate that the estimated abilities can successfully recognize the actual abilities of students. The correlation values between the estimated abilities and the post-test score, which incorporate this testing history, are higher than values that only consider test responses at the time of testing. Furthermore, the pre-test and post-test administered to the experimental group show significant student improvement. These results suggest that this method serves as a successful alternative ability estimation and provides a better understanding of student competence.
Deficiencies of scope statements in ITLET standardization
Authors: HOEL Tore , MASON Jon
Published: January 2025

To execute good design one not only needs to know what to do and how to do it, but also why it should be done. For a standardization expert the rationale of a standardization project may be found in the proposal for a new work item or terms of reference, but rarely in the scope statement. However, it is also commonplace that the rationale of the project is not clearly stated in any of these parts. If the rationale is not surfaced in the early phases of a project, it is left to the design, sense-making and negotiation cycles of the design process to orient the project towards a goal. This paper explores how scope statements are used to position standardization projects in the IT for Learning, Education and Training (ITLET) domain, and how scope and rationale are understood in recent projects in European and international standardization. Based on two case-studies the paper suggests some actions for further research and improvement of the process.
A Systematic Review of Methods for Developing Open Educational Resources
Authors: ARIMOTO Maurício Massaru , BARBOSA Ellen Francine
Published: January 2025

Educational resources, such as learning objects, have been more and more used in education and training context. The free and open distribution of these resources contributes to the dissemination of knowledge and facilitates access to information. Following this trend, Open Educational Resources (OER’s) have emerged to assist in the teaching and learning processes in general. Motivated by this scenario, the purpose of this paper is to characterize the state-of-the-art regarding the development, delivery and reuse of OER’s. A systematic literature review was conducted and some initiatives were identified and investigated. Additionally, a preliminary set of characteristics to be considered in the development of OER’s was also established. In general, we noticed a lack of systematic methods for the appropriate creation and adoption of OER’s. In this sense, this work provides guidance for new research and development in the area.
Designing a Preliminary E-Textbook with the Information Model
Authors: XU Zhe , LI Haibo , GU Xiaoqing
Published: January 2025

Recently, ISO/JTC1 SC36 has initiated a new standard project on e-Textbook, which was proposed by the authors’ team. In this project, the information model of e-Textbook is the most fundamental part and further studies all will be based on it. The purpose of this paper is to manifest the information model of the e-Textbook by describing a practical case in our ongoing work. The process of designing an English e-Textbook for grade 6 is presented to explain the main steps of element structure design and function structure design. The information model and its practice reflect what kind of e-Textbook we need and how to design a standard e-Textbook for discussing the disorder of e-Textbook’s development.
Development and Application of the Learning System of Basic Subjects of Information Technology Implementing the Scaffolding Teaching Strategy
Authors: KIM Sun Hoi , NAM Dong Soo , LEE Tae Wuk
Published: January 2025

This study aims to improve academic achievement and learning satisfaction by applying the learning system that employs the scaffolding teaching strategy in the courses for ‘basic of information technology’ of the technical high school students. To this end, first a web-based scaffolding teaching-learning model was designed, and a teaching-learning lesson plan was devised to form a basis to develop a learning system. This learning system was applied technical high school freshman students. As a result, the experimental group taught by the scaffolding teaching strategy had more positive changes in academic achievement and learning satisfaction than the control group. In addition, a high correlation between academic achievement and learning satisfaction was observed; and therefore, it was concluded that the group with higher academic achievement is more satisfied with what they have learned.
AR-based Learning Support System for Inorganic Chemistry
Authors: OKAMOTO Masaru , SUMIDA Ryoya , MATSUBARA Yukihiro
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we proposed AR-based learning support system for inorganic chemistry. In order to perform experiments in virtual environment, markers are utilized as control interface and arranged markers are recorded by USB camera. Virtual environment is created from recorded image and various CGs (such as beaker, flame and so on) corresponding to markers. By operating markers, user can perform various experiments (such as flame test). Additionally, so the system can give questions and hints, user acquires knowledge of chemical reaction by solving questions in virtual environment. The verification of the proposed system was conducted by analysis of 12 subjects’ learning results.
Students’ self-control and learning outcome in a university blended course
Authors: ZHU Yue , AU Wing , YATES Gregory C R
Published: January 2025

Self-control has been regarded as a critical factor which influences people’s success in their lives, including their academic achievement. This paper reports a study which aimed to investigate the impact of self-control on a group of 94 university students’ learning in a blended course. Data about their learning experiences were collected via pre-test, post-test and weekly reports during their studies. Their capability of self-control was measured by a self-control trait scale. It was found that the self-control could predict the students’ learning outcomes. Path analyses revealed that the effect was mediated through course participation.
Learner’s Behavior Detection System for Mentoring in e-Learning
Authors: Tanaka Arisa , Matsumoto Naoki , Mendori Takahiko
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we describe learner’s behavior detecting system for mentoring in e-Learning. It is important for learner to keep her/his motivation in e-Learning. Therefore, existing e-Learning system and LMS (Learning Management System) is to realize mentoring for learner based on learning history. However, past mentoring cannot cover in learner’s learning. Then, we focus on the learner’s behavior in her/his learning. We propose and develop a learner’s behavior detection system for mentoring.
Improve Students’ Reading by Taking a Question-Based Learning Process on E-books
Authors: HSIAO Li-Hsiang , LEE Hsin , HUANG Shing-Tsaan , LI Liang-Yi , CHEN Gwo-Dong
Published: January 2025

This study developed a question-based learning process embedded on an e-book to help students’ textbook reading. We designed three reading phases: preview, reading, and review according to the reading strategy. In each phase, students were assisted by different questions. To evaluate the effect, we used this e-book in an experiment involving twenty-five students studying on a textbook content of computer science. Our research objectives are to test the effects of the system on academic performance and to evaluate whether the system use affects learner’s motivation and active reading.
An Implementation of Smartphone-enabled Seamless Learning: a Snapshot Perspective
Authors: KOH Elizabeth , LOOI Chee Kit
Published: January 2025

In the “WE Learn Project” at Nan Chiau Primary School, a smartphone-enabled seamless learning curriculum was employed to support the Ministry of Education’s Masterplan 3 goals in primary schools. Using a snapshot perspective, this paper presents analyses and findings from the first trial curriculum unit in Primary 3 English. Briefly, the functional snapshot shows that the smartphone-enabled curriculum enhanced the academic achievement of students compared to the traditional worksheet based curriculum.
Android-based Mobile Assessment System
Authors: DALIR Mahtab , RÖLKE Heiko , BUCHAL Björn
Published: January 2025

Mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet PCs have gained global popularity and are increasingly used in all areas of daily life, including learning and assessment activities. To support different kinds of learning and assessment content, a versatile and comprehensive system is desirable. In addition, other aspects of long-term assessments have to be covered such as security, data protection and adaptivity, e.g. to new schedules or items. In this paper, we present the concept and realization of an Android-based mobile assessment system especially designed for school usage. It has been used already in several research studies in elementary schools, e.g. to measure daily fluctuations of cognitive performance capabilities.