bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Elearning Efront Mendukung Sistem Perkuliahan Online Berbasis Web di Kampus STMIK Jakarta STI&K
Authors: Ekasari Munich Heindari , Asmoro Eko Tri
Published: January 2021

STMIK Jakarta STI&K is a computer campus in Indonesia. This campus has not optimally used online learning media. Electronic lecture is an online lecture medium, which allows students and lecturers to carry out lecture activities without having to meet physically. The current pandemic period requires academic activities to be carried out online. This electronic lecture media is widely available to be adopted to build an online lecture system in an institution. E-Learning Efront is an example of a system that can be used. Research on the inline lecture system can produce a system tailored to the needs applied at the STMIK Jakarta STI&K campus. The electronic lecture system using eFront can be changed according to user needs. To get good results from system development requires a good development stage according to the existing method. Development starts from planning until a good system implementation. One of the steps that can be done is to hold training and trials to measure the ability and understanding of system users. The evaluation stage is carried out by measuring and analyzing users interacting with the system. The e-learning implementation plan begins with the first preparation, then the resources are ready and the services and system infrastructure are available. Based on the results of the evaluation, decisions can be made regarding the application of e-learning at the STMIK Jakarta STI&K campus. The results of the implementation that have been carried out, it is found that the online lecture system is needed as an alternative in the use of information technology in the process of academic activities.
Analisis Hubungan Antara Posisi Bukaan Pintu Dengan Temperatur Udara Pada Rumah Tradisional Palembang Terhadap Kenyamanan Thermal Ruangan
Authors: Fikri Zulfikri , Sary Reny Kartika , Riduan Riduan , Mafra Ramadisu
Published: January 2021

Berbicara tentang rumah limas Palembang tidak terlepas dari komponen bangunan yang ada, salah satunya yaitu komponen bangunan pengendali panas yang berhubungan dengan kenyamanan termal pada daerah beriklim tropis. Penelitian tentang komponen bangunan pengendali panas yang dapat menurunkan temperatur udara dalam rungan, salah satu faktor pendukung kenyamanan termal adalah angin, karena angin dapat menurunkan temperatur udara khususnya didalam rumah. Pada penelitian ini sample yang akan digunakan adalah rumah Limas Palembang yang telah berumur lebih dari 50 tahun dan memiliki komponen bangunan berupa bukaan  lawang kipas yang relatif masih dapat berfungsi dengan baik. Tujuan dan manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui posisi bukaan Lawang Kipas yang tepat sebagai struktur pembatas ruang  sehingga dapat memberikan kontribusi tentang pola gerakan udara yang dapat  berfungsi dalam mengendalikan temperatur ruang untuk mendapatkan kenyamanan termal.Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui pengukuran langsung di lapangan meliputi data-data: temperatur kering, kelembaman udara dan pergerakan udara baik diluar bangunan maupun di dalam bangunan dan dianalisis dengan mencari beda temperatur antara kedua ruang serta pencocokan dengan standar kenyamanan yang ada yaitu dengan dua cara, cara pertama dengan menggunakan pendekatan temperatur kering, sedangkan cara kedua selain dengan pendekatan temperatur kering juga mempertimbangkan kondisi kelembaban dan pergerakan angin.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, kondisi terbuka 1 daun pintu Lawang Kipas paling efektif pada periode pagi hari, untuk posisi terbuka 2 daun pintu paling efektif pada periode siang hari, untuk posisi terbuka tiga daun pintu paling efektif pada periode malam hari dan untuk kondisi pintu terbuka keseluruhan paling efektif pada periode sore hari.
Transformasi Lahan Tidur di Sekitar Kolam Retensi Menjadi Ruang Terbuka Publik
Authors: Sary Reny Kartika , Ihasan Asmar
Published: January 2021

Undang-Undang Tahun 26 Tahun 2007 tentang Penataan Ruang menyatakan bahwa setiap Kota harus meyediakan Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) minimal 30% dari luas wilayah kota dimana 20 % berupa RTH publik dan 10 % berupa RTH privat. Untuk itu maka pemerintah pusat, kota maupun kabupaten harus memanfaatkan lahan tidur menjadi sebuah RTH yang bisa sangat bermanfaat bagi masyarakat. Salah satu lahan tidur yang bisa dimanfaatkan oleh Pemerintah Daerah Kota Palembang adalah lahan tidur disekitar Kolam Retensi. Kolam retensi adalah suatu fasilitas umum yang digunakan untuk mengendalikan banjir, dimana biasanya kolam retensi memiliki luas yang cukup besar, sehingga area di kawasan tersebut bisa digunakan untuk pembuatan RTH.Dengan adanya kolam retensi di beberapa kawasan khususnya yang berada dikota Palembang, maka pemanfaatan kawasan kolam retensi menjadi kolam retensi plus RTH bisa menjadi solusi lahan yang semakin langkah untuk pembuatan RTH. Luaran penelitian ini adalah : (1) Desain Ruang Terbuka Hijau Pada Kolam retensi Kedamaian Palembang, yang sesuai dengan standar Permen PU No.5/PRT/M/2008.
Pola Pemanfaatan Ruang pada Rumah Pengrajin Batik di Desa Simbang Kulon
Authors: Rizkiyanti Ika , Harsritanto Bangun I. R.
Published: January 2021

Pekalongan merupakan kota yang dikenal dengan industri batiknya. Banyaknya pengusaha batik dengan skala industri rumahan mengakibatkan industri ini menyatu dengan kehidupan masyarakatnya dan menjadi sebuah ciri kultural tersendiri terutama bagi masyarakat Desa Simbang Kulon yang mayoritas penduduknya adalah pengrajin batik. Aktifitas produksi batik rumahan telah menjadi faktor utama penggerak roda perekonomian yang pada akhirnya berdampak pada tata ruang rumah-rumah yang ada di Desa Simbang Kulon. Adanya fungsi ganda pada rumah hunian yaitu sebagai tempat usaha sekaligus sebagai tempat hunian yang tidak memiliki batasan yang jelas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola pemanfaatan ruang dalam hunian pada rumah produksi batik di Desa Simbang Kulon. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode penelitian kualitatif. Sampel diambil dengan teknik snowball sampling dengan jumlah sampel 7 responden. Analisis dilakukan dengan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola pemanfatan ruang pada rumah produksi batik di Desa Simbang Kulon diklasifikasikan menjadi dua tipe, yaitu tipe campuran dan tipe berimbang. Pada tipe campuran, aktivitas membatik menggunakan ruang rumah di bangunan induk. Sedangkan pada tipe berimbang, aktivitas membatik berada di ruang rumah disekitar bangunan induk tetapi masih menempel dengan bangunan induk.
Analisa Kepadatan Kota, Pergerakan dan Perkembangan Morfologi Kota Palembang, Indonesia
Authors: Romdhoni Muhammad Fajri
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap kondisi terkini dari kota Palembang yang mencakup arah perkembangan kota, kepadatan kota dan juga alur pergerakan di kota Palembang. Sebagai kota tertua di Indonesia, kota Palembang memiliki sejarah yang sangat kuat dengan terdapat layering street network dari fase morphologi kota yang berbeda-beda. Pemahaman mengenai arah pergerakan kota tersebut sangat penting, mengingat kota Palembang merupakan salah satu dari dua belas kota dengan akselerasi perkembangan tercepat di Inodnesia menurut laporan United Nations 2018 (Nations, 2018). Kota-kota di Indonesia akan mengalami perkembangan annual sebesar 2,4% sampai dengan 6% dan hal tersebut tentunya akan sangat mempengaruhi Urban Fabric kota Palembang secara keseluruhan. Ekspansi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan kota Palembang tidak dapat dihindari lagi dan arah pertumbuhan tersebut perlu di kritisi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi analisa overlay peta dan Analisa pertumbuhan kota dengan memanfaatkan imaji Landsat serta OpenStreetMap (OSM) yang dikombinasikan dengan data statsitik kepadatan kota Palembang yang bersumber dari BPS (Balai Pusat Statistik). Analisa yang digunakan pada peneilitian ini menerapkan Analisa quantitatif dan qualitatif dari metoda Space Syntax dengan teknik natural street yang efektif dalam mendiskripsikan perilaku pergerakan manusia pada sebuah kota secara makro. Hasil Penelitian ini adalah deskripsi kepadatan kota, pergerakan dan juga arah perkembangan kota Palembang yang nantinya dapat berguna untuk penelitian lanjutan kota Palembang.
Identifikasi Arsitektur Rumah Tradisional Melayu Di Pulau Sumatera (Studi Perbandingan Komponen Pembentuk Arsitektur)
Authors: Zain Zairin , Milenia Cinthia Junita , Aulia Nurul Izzah
Published: January 2021

Rumah Tradisional Melayu merupakan salah satu komponen budaya Melayu dalam arsitektur, dirancang dan dibangun dengan kreativitas dan kemampuan estetika oleh masyarakat Melayu sendiri. Pendirian rumah tradisional ini merupakan refleksi dari ragam nilai hidup masyarakat berupa budaya dan sosial. Pada  saat  bangunan  tersebut  dibangun tentunya  banyak  hal  yang  harus  dipertimbangkan,  seperti  aspek  lingkungan dan  iklim  tropis dimana terdapat pengaruh  pencahayaan  sinar  matahari  dan  curah hujan  terhadap  ruang  pada  arsitektur  lokal  Rumah  Tradisional  Melayu. Selain lingkungan dan iklim, faktor lain yang perlu diperhatikan lainnya adalah kebudayaan. Kebudayaan suku Melayu adalah berdasarkan hukum dan syariah agama Islam. Hal ini sehubungan bahwa Melayu identik dengan agama Islam. Melayu dan Islam tidak dapat dipisahkan antara satu sama lain. Di Indonesia sendiri, Pulau Sumatera menjadi satu di antara wilayah yang banyak ditempati oleh orang-orang Melayu.Awalnya, masyarakat Melayu di Sumatera tidak hanya menetap di satu tempat saja, melainkan berpindah-pindah menyelusuri pantai dengan meninggalkan pemukiman-pemukiman kecil di sepanjang perjalanan. Artikel ini membahas Arsitektur rumah tradisional Melayu yang berada di Pulau Sumatera melalui metode perbandingan sumber pustaka (contents analysis) untuk mengindentifikasi elemen-elemen arsitektur sekaligus menjelaskan keterkaitannya dengan budaya dan kepercayaan setempat. Hasil studi ini memperlihatkan kesamaan elemen pembentuk arsitektur rumah tradisional Melayu di Pulau Sumatera dengan identitas pembeda pada bentukan atap. Kondisi ini disebabkan pengaruh permukiman Melayu di pesisir, dan kesamaan status sosial sebagai penganut agama Islam.
TO DETERMINE RELATION OF SYMPTOM DURATION IN OUTCOME OF CTS
Authors: Maheshwari Amit
Published: January 2021

Background & Method: The study was conducted at the neurology Department of Amaltas Institute of Medical Sciences, Dewas, M.P. In our laboratory, the hands are evaluated for CTS using standard techniques with Nicolet Viking IV (ver12). The skin temperature of the body part, under evaluation, is measured using a probe connected to the machine and is maintained at 310c using a commercial hot air blower.

Result: The number of symptomatic hands was more in females (73 vs. 27%) and persons with high BMI (61.5 vs. 38.5); 27.7% of the hands belonged to the persons having concomitant medical issues. Female gender showed slightly higher odds (OR 1.2, CI 0.5-2.6, two-tailed p= 0.5) for remission on medical therapy. The median duration of symptoms of our study population was12 months (mean 24.16 ± 28.93 months). We had 40 patients having CTS in bilateral hands (n= 80 hands), while 50 patients had unilateral hand symptoms (n= 50 hands). Forty-one (31.5%) hands were symptomatic for 10 months or less (median 6 months) while remaining 89 hands were symptomatic for longer than 10 months (median 24 months). Shorter duration of the symptoms, at presentation, had significant higher odds of spontaneous remission (OR 9.47 CI 3.8-23.1, two-tailed p= <0.0001).      

Conclusion: In conclusion, it seems reasonable to treat subjects of CTS, conservatively for first ten months after symptom onset, more so when they have four or more out of the seven favorable factors.

Keywords: Symptom, CTS, MMA & SDL.
Investigation of Electro-coagulation Process for Phosphate and Nitrate Removal From Sugarcane Wastewaters
Authors:   Department of Environmental Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran., Ebadi Majid , Asareh Ali ,   Department of Water Sciences and Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran., Jalilzadeh Yengejeh Reza ,   Department of Environmental Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran., Hedayat Najaf ,   Department of Environmental Engineering, Dezful Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dezful, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: Highly-concentrated phosphate and nitrate anions from sugarcane wastewater are often discharged into public waters without standardized treatments. This study assessed the effects of electrical coagulation, initial pH and reaction time in the removal of phosphate and nitrate pollutants. Methods: We used aluminum electrodes to remove the pollutants at Hakhim Farabi Agricultural and Industrial complex, Khuzestan Province, Iran. A septic tank was used for collecting water samples followed by measuring the pH, and the concentrations of phosphate and nitrate in the samples. The pH was set at 5, 7, 9 or 11. Six aluminum electrodes were placed perpendicular to the water flow and were connected to power in a single-polar method. They were used to assess the effects of pH changes, electrical power at 10 and 30 volts and the water retention time at 15, 30, 45 or 60 min. on the efficiency of the pollutants’ removal. Results: The results indicated that under equal retention time and varying pH values, as voltage increased from 10 to 30, the phosphate and nitrate removal increased progressively. It was further demonstrated that the maximum phosphate removal efficiency was achieved at pH7, while it declined at higher pH levels. The highest possible nitrate removal efficiency was achieved under alkaline pH levels. The overall results showed that at every pH and voltage, the percentage of phosphate and nitrate removal increased over time. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that electro-coagulation process is an appropriate and efficient method to remove phosphate and nitrate pollutants from sugarcane wastewaters.
Cardiotoxic Effects of Hemiscorpius Lepturus Scorpion Venom Fractions in Rats
Authors:   Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran., Yazdkhasti Moein , Jalali Mohammad Razi ,   Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran, Khadjeh Gholam Hosein ,   Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran., Jafari Hedieh ,   Department of Venomous Animals, Razi Vaccines and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Ahvaz, Iran., Rezaie Anahita ,   Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: Scorpion stings are responsible for many deaths in humans; however, the toxicity mechanisms of the venoms from many species are not well studied. We investigated the cardiotoxicity of the crude venom from H. lepturus scorpion and its isolated fractions, F-I to F-VI. Methods: The scorpion’s venom was extracted into six fractions by chromotagraphy. Healthy male Wistar rats (N=72) were equally divided into eight groups of nine: G1: Controls (0.5ml. normal saline), G2: Crude venom (1000µg/kg), G3: F-I (120µg/kg), G4: F-II (430µg/kg), G5: F-III (80 µg/kg), G6: F-IV (180µg/kg), G7: F-V (60µg/kg), and G8: F-VI (130µg/kg). Blood samples were obtained by cardiac puncture at 1, 3 and 24 hours after the venom injection. The serum levels of AST, LDH, CPK, CK-MB and troponin-I were determined. Upon euthanasia, the hearts were removed from the rats and examined microscopically for histopathology. Results: In groups receiving crude venom and F-VI, we observed multifocal fragmentation of myocardial fibers, hemorrhage, degeneration and disappearance of striations in cardiac muscles as compared to the controls. The findings showed that AST and LDH activity in groups 2, 4 and 8, CPK activity in groups 2, 4, 6 and 8 and CK-MB activity and troponin-I levels in groups 2 and 8 increased significantly compared to those in the control group. Conclusion: There was evidence of significant cardiotoxicity in the group receiving crude venom and F-VI. Although alterations in the enzymatic and troponin-I levels were observed in other groups, the greatest cardiotoxicity of H. lepturus venom was caused by fraction VI.
Toxicological Assessment of Solanum Erianthum Extracts in Albino Rats: Haematological, Biochemical and Histopathological Findings
Authors:   Department of Physical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, Okha, Benin City, Nigeria., Uzoekwe Ngozi Maureen , Ejidike Ikechukwu Peter ,   Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Science Education, Anchor University, Lagos, Nigeria., Ukhun Mark Ehijele ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin-City, Nigeria.
Published: January 2021

Background: Solanum erianthum leaves extract has been used to treat sexually-transmitted diseases, malaria, and leprosy. This study assessed the toxicity and safety of S. erianthum extract in rats. Methods: Treatment with 250, 500 or 750 mg/kg of the aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts in the rats had different effects on the biochemical activities of the liver, heart and kidneys, and based on the hematological and histopathological changes observed after short-term (30 days) and long-term (60 days) exposure. Results: The serum biochemical parameters examined were AST, ALT, and ALP concentrations in the albino rats treated with the extracts of S. Erianthum at various concentrations. The extract showed significantly different effects in the treated versus untreated rats (P<0.05). The ALT level significantly decreased after the administration of 250, 500, or 750 mg/kg of the aqueous extract of S. Erianthum. There were significant differences in the hematological profile of the rats for all doses of the methanolic extracts (P<0.05). Histopathological examinations detected Kupffer cells activation in the liver, otherwise normal histology of the kidneys with respect to the glomeruli and tubules. Also, mild coronary vascular congestion was detected in the animals’ heart. Conclusion: The S. erianthum extracts were safe and without exerting toxic effect on the rat’s heart or kidneys, as demonstrated for the doses up to 750 mg/kg given over 30 or 60 days. However, the congestion in the rats’ spleens could be a cause for concern if the extract were to be used in humans for long-term.
The Effect of Omega-lycotoxin on the Cognitive Impairment Induced by Kainic Acid in Rats
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Hosseini-Sharifabad Ali , Mofid Mohammad Reza ,   Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Moradmand Majid ,   Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran., Keimasi Mohammad ,   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: Excitotoxicity is a common pathological process in neurodegenerative diseases associated with overactivity of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and P/Q type voltage-gated calcium (Cav2.1) channels. Omega-lycotoxin-Gsp2671g is a therapeutic tool to modulate overactive Cav2.1 (P/Q type) channels. Omega-lycotoxin binds to Cav2.1 channels with high affinity and selectivity. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Omega-lycotoxin on the cognitive impairment induced by kainic acid in rats. Methods: The effect of pre-treatment and post-treatment trials of intra-hippocampal Cornu Ammonis-3 administration of omega-lycotoxin (0.5, 1 or 2µg) was studied on the cognitive impairment induced by kainic acid in rats. The rats’ learning and memory were assessed by the passive avoidance and a single-day testing version of the Morris water maze method. Results: Omega-lycotoxin caused a significant increase in the latency of the passive avoidance test and the duration of their presence in the target area of the Morris water maze test compared to the groups treated with kainic acid (P<0.0001). There were statistically significant differences for the effects of various doses of omega-lycotoxin. The post-treatment groups showed a greater improvement than those in the pretreatment groups. Conclusion: The findings demonstrated that a single dose of omega-lycotoxin can prevent or revert the memory impairment caused by kainic acid in rats.
Preserved Ovarian Function Following Toxicity With Doxorubicin in Rats: Protective Effect of Nasturtium Officinale Extract
Authors:   Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran., Rad Parastou , Safari Fahimeh ,   Department of Biology, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran., Mohammadi Jamshid ,   Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran., Delaviz Hamdollah ,   Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: Chemotherapy agents can cause ovarian dysfunction and eventually lead to infertility. This study investigated the effect of nasturtium officinale extract on the ovarian function following the toxicity induced by doxorubicin in female rats. Methods: Forty eight female Wistar rats (180-210g) were randomly divided in six groups as follows: Group I, normal rats receiving 1ml normal saline; Group II and III receiving 25 and 75 mg/kg of the extract daily by gavage for 21 days. Groups IV, V and VI receiving 10 mg/kg doxorubicin intraperitoneally on the first day. In addition, Group IV and V received 25 and 75 mg/kg of the extract, respectively. The serum levels of estrogen, progesterone, Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and ovarian Malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined after 21 days of treatment. The mean numbers of various graafian follicles and corpus lutea were recorded after treatment. Results: The mean serum FSH level in Group VI (0.11±0.01) significantly reduced compared to those in Groups II (0.21±0.05) and III (0.23±0.01), (P<0.05). The mean serum LH and estrogen levels in Group VI (0.16±0.08) reduced insignificantly compared to those in the controls (0.21±0.02), and in Groups II (0.23±0.03) and III (0.22±0.09). A significant reduction in the number of primary, secondary and graafian follicles were observed in Group VI compared to the control group (P<0.05). The serum MDA level significantly declined in Group V compared to that in Group VI (P<0.05). Conclusion: The nasturtium officinale extract attenuated the toxic effect of doxorubicin on the rat ovaries and protected the cell division in the follicles and the oocytes maturation.
The Extracts of Epilobium Parviflorum Inhibit MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran., Hatefi Kia Bhenaz , Kazemi Noureini Sakineh ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran., Vaezi Kakhki Mohammad Reza ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: Traditional medicine is inspiring in drug development research. Epilobium parviflorum extracts have shown promising therapeutic effects on prostate cancer cells. The similarities between breast and prostate cancers at molecular and metabolic levels prompted us to explore its effects on human breast cancer. Methods: The root, aerial parts and flowers of the plant were, collected and dried separately at ambient temperature and away from direct sunlight. The aquatic and methanolic extracts of each part was prepared. The effect of each extract on the growth of MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells and HEK293 normal cell line was evaluated, using MTT assay. Each experiment was repeated at least three times independently. The IC50 values for each treatment time point were analyzed, using ANOVA at P<0.05. Results: While none of the extracts had considerable toxicity on normal HEK293 cells, some of them showed varying levels of toxicity on the MCF-7 cells. The methanolic extracts were more cytotoxic than the aqueous counterpart. The roots’ methanolic extract showed the strongest cytotoxicity on the MCF-7 cells in a dose and exposure time dependent manner. The IC50 after 48 hours of treatment was determined at 73µg/ml. Conclusion: This study is the first to demonstrate that Epilobium parviflorum had a strong growth inhibiting property on MCF-7 cell line, as a potential model to treat human breast cancer cells. The most cytotoxic effect was noted for the methanolic root extract. Determination of the effective biochemical constituents of the extract against cancer cells is the focus of our future research.
The Analysis of Semantic Field in Persian-Speaking Patients With Wernicke’s Aphasia
Authors:   Department of English, Faculty of Linguistics, University of Gonabad, Gonabad, Iran., Azad Omid
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Wernicke’s aphasia is one of the most prominent focal brain deficits affecting the comprehension abilities of patients while preserving their production abilities. Although a lot of studies in different languages have been conducted to analyze the nature of this deficit, still some controversies exist in this regard. While some research studies attribute this defect to a performance problem, some research highlight competence deficit and hypothesize qualitative problems. This research, considering the lack of sufficient literature in Persian, tries to reconcile this controversy by investigating the nature of the semantic field in Persian-speaking patients with Wernicke’s aphasia and to compare their semantic processing abilities with those of healthy controls. Methods: In doing so, a semantic judgment task was administered to 10 patients with Wernicke’s aphasia and their age- and education-matched controls to recognize different semantic relations between a group of words whose meanings were related to each other in some way or another. Results: The results showed dissociation in the subjects’ performance. While patients with Wernicke’s aphasia had severe deficits in semantic judgment tasks, healthy control performed very well. This selective performance was also observed in different semantic pairs. Also, patients with Wernicke’s aphasia performed poorly in almost all classes of semantic pairs, but the severity of their problems was more prominent in certain semantic categories. Discussion: The findings, in line with a competence deficit hypothesis, suggest that linguistic items are processed in the mental lexicon as a semantic unit. Hence, linguistic items are categorized in a brain network correlating with each other based on different semantic relationships.
Leisure Activity Preferences of Children and Adolescents With Cerebral Palsy in Iran and the Quality of Their Participation
Authors:   Physiotherapy Research Centre, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Amiri Alireza , Kalantari Minoo ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Rezaee Mehdi ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Akbarzadeh Baghban Alireza ,   Department of Biostatistics, Proteomics Research Centre, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Gharebashloo Farzad ,   Physiotherapy Research Centre, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Objectives: To investigate whether Iranian children and adolescents with Cerebral Palsy (CP) participate in their preferred leisure activities. Methods: A group of children and adolescents (n=152; 59.2% male; aged 7-17 years; Mean±SD of age was 10.93±3.46 years old) diagnosed with CP (39.5% hemiplegic; 28.9% quadriplegic; 31.6% diplegic) were selected to complete the children’s assessment of participation and the enjoyment (CAPE) and Preference for Activities of Children (PAC) questionnaires. Results: Recreational and social activities were the most preferred (PAC mean score=2.13±0.40; 2.08±0.40, respectively), and active-physical activities were the least preferred (PAC mean score=1.60±0.46). Preferences were strongly correlated with leisure participation (P<0.001), although there were still discrepancies between them. A discrepancy score was introduced, and skill-based activities demonstrated the highest discrepancy score (discrepancy mean score=3.39±2.97). Discussion: Greater preferences for leisure activities are linked with a higher frequency of participation but, that does not necessarily mean that children and adolescents with CP always participate in their most preferred leisure activities. They sometimes cannot participate in their preferred leisure activities and sometimes participate in activities that they do not like. Occupational therapists are encouraged to consider these findings to design more effective plans to achieve improved participation outcomes.
Investigation of DRD2 and HTR2A mRNA Expression in Two Therapeutic States of Antipsychotic Polypharmacy and Aripiprazole Monotherapy in the Peripheral Blood of Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors:   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Mirabzadeh Arash , Iranpour Hamid Reza ,   Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran., Khorram Khorshid Hamid Reza ,   Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Zare-Abdollahi Davood ,   Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Norouzi Mehdi ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Vatankhah Venus ,   Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex of Firuzkuh, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Abstract:   (77 Views)
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder that has profound effects on both individuals and the community. Notwithstanding the suggestion for treating schizophrenia with a minimum dose of drugs, antipsychotic polypharmacy increases the patient’s care costs and drug interactions. Aripiprazole reduces the metabolic side effects of antipsychotic polypharmacy treatment. DRD2 and HTR2A can serve as predictors for response to treatment in schizophrenic patients. The purpose of this survey was to measure the DRD2 and HTR2A genes expression in the peripheral blood samples using Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Methods: A total of 19 patients with a long history of schizophrenia who received at least two types of antipsychotics with daily doses of more than 500 mg of chlorpromazine were entered into the study. The response rates to the treatment based on scores in the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) questionnaire and DRD2 and HTR2A expression were compared between antipsychotic polypharmacy status and 6 months after monotherapy with aripiprazole. Results: The levels of DRD2 expression decreased significantly after the intervention. The mean changes in HTR2A expression and the BPRS questionnaire and also the relationship between changes in DRD2 and HTR2A expression and changes in BPRS score after the intervention were not significant. Discussion: The conversion of the antipsychotic polypharmacy state to monotherapy with aripiprazole has been accompanied by a significant decrease in DRD2A expression. These genes can be used for evaluating the response rate of schizophrenia treatments in the future.
Comparing the Width of Hamstring Grafts Prepared Using Wet and Dry Gauze Methods in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran., Mirzatolooei Fardin , Tabrizi Ali ,   Department of Orthopedics, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran., Gholizadeh Solmaz ,   Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: The anterior cruciate ligament surgery commonly uses a hamstring tendon. The hamstring grafts are usually prepared by wrapping in a wet gauze under tension. Objectives: The placement of a hamstring tendon in a dry gauze affects the size of the graft, without any change in its collagen volume. The present study aimed to prove that the preparation method could affect the hamstring graft width. Methods: A total number of 32 patients who had undergone the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were enrolled in this analytical descriptive study. Initially, the width of the 4-layered extracted graft was measured using the sizer system, after placement under traction. Then, 16 patients were operated on, based on the dry gauze preparation method, and the other 16, based on the wet gauze preparation method. The grafts were remeasured after traction. Six months after the surgery, all patients received a clinical evaluation, in which the integrity of the graft was evaluated based on clinical criteria. Results: The Mean±SD width of the 4-layered extracted grafts was 7.44±0.54 mm and 7.41±0.33 mm in the dry gauze and wet gauze groups, respectively. However, these values did not significantly differ (P=0.96). After traction, the Mean±SD graft width of the dry gauze group was reduced to 6.97±0.62 mm. The traction led to no change in the graft width of the wet gauze group. The changes in the graft size significantly differed between the two groups (P=0.032). Moreover, 4 patients (25%) exhibited no certain endpoint in the Lachman test, also, the pivot shift-test was positive in 5 patients (31.2%). Conclusion: The hamstring graft preparation technique affects the tunnel graft size. Besides, the use of dry gauzes procures the need for a narrower tunnel in the tibia and femur.
Improvement of Spinopelvic Parameters Following the Surgical Treatment of Spondylolisthesis Using Interbody Fusion Cage
Authors:   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaian Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ghandhari Hasan , Nikouei Farshad ,   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaian Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Chehrassan Mohammad Reza ,   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaian Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Heidarikhoo Mohamadreza ,   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaian Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Shakeri Mohammad Reza ,   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaian Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: There is no consensus regarding the clinical benefit of interbody fusion cage in the treatment of Spondylolisthesis (SL). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of posterolateral fusion combined with interbody fusion cage on the spinopelvic parameters and the pain level of the patients. Objectives: Role of interbody fusion in the treatment of spondylolisthesis Methods: This prospective study included 40 SL patients who underwent surgery following the failure of conservative management. The Meyerding classification was used to grade SL. Also, the visual analog scale was used to measure the level of pain, before and after the operation. Spinopelvic parameters included total kyphosis, sagittal vertebral axis, pelvic tilt, pelvic incidence, and lumbar lordosis. Results: The Mean±SD age of the patients was of 53.4±11.6 years. In four patients (10%), SL occurred at two levels. Besides, the etiology was degenerative in 21 cases (52.5%) and isthmic in 19 cases (47.5%). The grade I, II, and III of SL were detected respectively in 17, 17, and 6 cases (42.5%, 42.5%, and 15%, respectively). The Mean±SD preoperative value of the sagittal vertebral axis was 43.1±33.1 mm, which improved to 24.8±22.3 mm after the surgery (P<0.001). Also, the Mean±SD preoperative value of the pelvic tilt significantly improved from 19.2±10º to 17±9.1º (P=0.049). Moreover, the Mean±SD score of the visual analog scale improved from 9.1±0.8 to 2.8±1.2 (P<0.001). The clinical and spinopelvic parameters greatly improved in patients with degenerative SLs, single-level SLs, and the lower grades of SL. Conclusion: Posterolateral fusion combined with interbody fusion cage improves both the clinical and spinopelvic parameters of SL patients and could be suggested as the treatment of choice for these patients.
The Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Hemophilic Arthropathy
Authors:   Pediatric Congenital Hematologic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Childern’s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran., Davoodabadi Hoorieh , Malek Fatemeh ,   Pediatric Congenital Hematologic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Childern’s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran., Habibpanah Behnaz ,   Pediatric Congenital Hematologic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Childern’s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran., Ghoojani Abolfazl ,   Pediatric Congenital Hematologic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Childern’s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran.
Published: January 2021

Background: The most clinical manifestation of hemophilia, as a congenital bleeding disorder, is the Intra-articular hemorrhage. The treatment of acute hemarthrosis with a sufficient amount of factor replacement will return the joint to the normal status. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of hemophilic arthropathy patients to reduce and improve their pain and physical function. Methods: Consecutive patients with hemophilic arthropathy were included in a self-control open-label trial in Mofid Children’s Hospital, Tehran, Iran. All participants received three platelet-rich plasma injections given two weeks apart. Also, the seriate self-reported and objective clinical outcomes were evaluated before and three months after the treatment. Results: A total of 11 patients with hemophilic arthropathy involving 14 joints received three injections of platelet-rich plasma at 2-week intervals, at our center. All patients were evaluated with a visual analog scale, the hemophilia joint health score, and the range of motion, and bleeding events, before and after the treatment. Finally, 9 boys (81.8%) and 2 girls (18.2%) completed the study. The mean age of the participants was 14.7 years (range, 9-19 years). In all patients, statistically significant improvements were noted on all evaluated measures. Conclusion: Platelet-rich plasma therapy is a reasonable and minimally invasive procedure that includes beneficial chondro-regenerative properties.
An Occult Ipsilateral Femoral Neck Fracture Associated With Mid-Shaft Femur Fracture
Authors:   Orthopedic Research Center, Mazandaran University Of Medical Science, Sari, Iran., Talebi Shahin , Amjadi Shayan ,   Orthopedic Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Mazandaran, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Occult ipsilateral femoral neck fractures associated with femoral shaft fractures are frequently missed. They may lead to adverse outcomes, such as fracture displacement and delayed treatment followed by poor outcomes, including delayed union, malunion, nonunion, and osteonecrosis, which may lead to early arthroplasty. These adverse effects can be prevented by the awareness of this combined injury pattern, the adequate preoperative and intraoperative imaging of the femoral neck, and proper treatment. A 27-year-old man was admitted with a displaced fracture of the right femur. Fluoroscopic evaluation was performed after the intramedullary nailing of the shaft fracture. The evaluation revealed an ipsilateral displaced femoral neck fracture, which was fixed with two cannulated screw inserted anterior to the nail. Between 2% and 9% of all femoral shaft fractures are associated with ipsilateral femoral shaft fractures. This case report necessitates the increase of awareness for the presence of associated femoral shaft and neck fractures in patients undergoing antegrade femoral nailing. Also, we recommend appropriate preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative imaging.
Infantile Fibrosarcoma Histologically Mimicking a Benign Soft-Tissue Tumor
Authors:   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaian Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Hajialiloo Sami Sam , Zandrahimi Farshad ,   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaian Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Heidarikhoo Mohamadreza ,   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaian Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Zahmatkesh Mahsa ,   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaian Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Karimi Mansour ,   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaian Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Gholampour Hossein ,   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaian Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Infantile fibrosarcoma is a rare soft-tissue neoplasm, which may render a diagnostic challenge leading to misdiagnosis and consequently an inappropriate treatment of patients. This study reports a case of infantile fibrosarcoma that mimicked a hemangioma in an 11-month-old girl. As the lesion signal in the MRI was not consistent with the diagnosis of hemangiomas, we performed a core needle biopsy, which its result was consistent with the diagnosis of infantile fibrosarcoma. The lesion was initially treated with surgical resection. However, the lesion recurred one year after the surgery. The recurrence was managed with debulking surgery. The fifth finger was necrotized during the hospitalization after the relapse surgery. Finally, the necrotic finger was amputated. Also, adjuvant chemotherapy was used to prevent further relapses. The 1-year follow-up of the patient was recurrence-free. These findings highlight the importance of considering infantile fibrosarcoma when an infant presents with a lesion that clinically mimics a vascular lesion.
Chondroblastoma of the Acromion: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors:   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaeian Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Hajialiloo Sami Sam
Published: January 2021

Chondroblastomas are rare benign neoplasms and scarcely present in the acromion. We reported a case of chondroblastoma presented in the right acromion of a 36-year-old male. The patient had pain and restricted abduction. Moreover, the histological analysis of the biopsy sample was consistent with the diagnosis of chondroblastoma. The patient was treated with extended curettage and bone grafting. Besides, the 2-year follow-up of the patient was event-free. This case reveals that the chondroblastoma of acromion can be adequately treated by extended curettage. It also highlights the importance of acromion chondroblastoma in the differential diagnosis of shoulder pain to avoid the undertreatment of the patients.
Comparison of Pemberton Osteotomy and Kalamchi Modification of Salter Osteotomy in the Treatment of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
Authors:   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaeian Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Gharanizadeh Kaveh , Bagherifard Abolfazl ,   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaeian Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Abolghasemian Mansour ,   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaeian Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ahmadizadeh Hamedreza ,   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaeian Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Vaziri Kordkandi Shadi ,   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaeian Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Bayat Shabnam ,   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaeian Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: Several pelvic osteotomy techniques are introduced for the treatment of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH). However, there is no agreement on the optimal pelvic osteotomy in DDH. Thus, this study aimed to compare the outcomes of Pemberton Osteotomy (PO) and the Kalamchi Modification of Salter Osteotomy (KMSO). Objectives: Comparison of pemberton osteotomy and kalamchi modification of salter osteotomy in the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip. Methods: In a retrospective study, radiographic and clinical outcomes as well as surgical complications were compared between the patients who underwent unilateral DDH surgery using either KMSO or PO. The radiographic measures included the assessment of the acetabular index and the Shenton line. The clinical results of the osteotomies were evaluated by McKay’s criteria modified by Berkeley et al. Also, Kalamchi and MacEwen’s classification was used for the assessment of avascular necrosis. Results: The characteristic features of the patients, such as age and follow-up time, were statistically comparable between the two study groups. One year after the surgery, the Shenton line was intact in 55 patients (84.6%) of the KMSO group and 40 patients (88.9%) of the PO group (P=0.52). The Mean±SD value of the acetabular index was 21.1±5.1 and 20.7±3.9 in the KMSO and PO groups, respectively (P=0.13). Besides, the McKay’s clinical criteria were respectively excellent, good, and fair in 44, 16, and 5 patients (67.7%, 24.6%, and 7.7%, respectively) of the KMSO group, and 31, 12, and 2 patients (70%, 26.6%, and 4.4%, respectively) of the PO group (P=0.4). Moreover, the number of postoperative avascular necrosis did not significantly differ between the two study groups. Conclusion: The PO and KMSO techniques are equally safe and effective osteotomies in the treatment of DDH and can be used interchangeably.