bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Approche socio-professionnelle de la population bruxelloise en 1783.
Authors: Bruneel Claude , Delporte Luc
Published: July 2016

Socio-professionele benadering van de Brusselse bevolking in 1783.

De verstedelijking van België in de Nieuwe Tijd is als onderwerp niet nieuw. Integendeel, onlangs werden er nog belangrijke vorderingen geboekt. Maar ondanks aile werkzaamheden blijven er binnen deze materie nog heel wat onderzoeksmogelijkheden over. Er is bijvoorbeeld nog altijd geen bruikbare lijst van Belgische plaatsen die tussen 1500 en 1800 als steden werden beschouwd. Anderzijds werd het verstedelijkingsproces nauwelijks bestudeerd in het kader van de systeemleer. Deze bevindingen hebben ons ertoe aangezet om in een eerste fase een repertorium op te stellen van de Belgische steden van het moderne tijdperk. Vervolgens gebruikten we de beschikbare gegevens om inzicht te verwerven in de dynamiek van de steden. Door het prisma van de indeling van de steden volgens hun grootte, van de aanpassingen ranggrootte, van het model van de generaties van steden en van de allometrische coëfficiënten, zien we dat de logica achter de organisatie van het stedelijk netwerk in de XVIIIde eeuw radicaal wordt gewijzigd. Derhalve is de uitbreiding ervan niet meer het gevolg van de sterke ontwikkeling van de entiteiten met de grootste bevolking (> 20 000 inwoners), maar wordt ze gevoed door de opkomst van de plaatsen die behoren tot de tussenliggende en lagere hiërarchische rangen. Het fenomeen sluit aan bij de trek van de industrie naar het platteland, iets wat zich voornamelijk voordoet in de provincies Oosten West-Vlaanderen. Uit de analyse blijkt eveneens de gebrekkige ruimtelijke integratie in België in de periode van de XVIde tot de XVIIIde, met naast elkaar bestaande sub-systemen die niet perfect in elkaar grijpen. De stedelijke configuratie van België in de moderne tijd geeft een beeld van een verbrokkeld land dat zich niet rond een grote metropool wilde centraliseren. Kortom, het verstedelijkingsproces van België tijdens het Ancien Régime werd grotendeels beinvloed door economische en politieke factoren.
Manufactures et usines dans une citadelle : Sedan (XVIIe-XIXe siècle).
Authors: Gayot Gérard , Lassaux Bruno
Published: July 2016

Son passé de place forte aux frontières de l'Empire ne destinait nullement Sedan à devenir une ville industrielle lorsque Louis XIII l'acquit en 1642. La décision de Mazarin d'y créer en 1646 la première manufacture royale de draps fins en France, si elle ne modifie pas la physionomie de la cité jusqu'à la démolition des inutiles remparts en 1877, changea radicalement la vie des habitants, du milieu du XVIIe siècle jusqu'à aujourd'hui. Vouée au travail de la laine cardée pendant plus de trois siècles, la population connut une assez belle croissance au XVIIIe siècle, compte tenu de l'émigration provoquée par la Révocation de l'Edit de Nantes, puis, après 1880, la stagnation propre aux régions d'industrie résiduelle.
Une tombe à glaive à Ronchin (Nord).
Authors: Notte Ludovic
Published: July 2016

Een graf met zwaard in Ronchin (Nord).

Graf n° 6 van de begraafplaats « Eikenveld » te Ronchin (Nord) waarschijnlijk uit de tijd van Claudius, bevat verschillende stukken (keramiek, een fibula) en vooral een goed bewaard zwaard. In het artikel wordt deze vondst, die zeldzaam is bij de Menapiërs, en bovendien de soldatengraven in het algemeen in Noord-Gallië tijdens de eerste eeuw onderzocht.
Une tombe à incinération du IIe s. ap. J.-C. à Haussy (Nord).
Authors: Loridant Frédéric
Published: July 2016

A IInd Century A.D. Cremation Grave in Haussy (Nord).

In 1991, during the digging of ditches along the 955 departmental road on the territory of Haussy, a farmer discovered a Gallo-Roman cremation grave. This pit dug in a field had been fitted out : a limestone slab was laid on the east side. The bone remains are placed in an urn and accompanied by 14 offerings among which a white pottery figure representing a Venus « sous édicule », a coin, a pair of fibulae, a bronze mirror and a washing set (vase and jug). This grave presents numerous analogies with similar ones found in southern Nervia and more specifically in Bavay. This grave can be dated to the second half of the IInd century.
Un établissement pénitentiaire pendant la Grande Guerre : Loos
Authors: Deperchin Annie
Published: July 2016

Vaste ensemble pénitentiaire pour adultes mais aussi pour adolescents, Loos ne reste pas extérieur au conflit qui embrase le monde et surtout la France en 1914. Situé en zone envahie, il est confronté aux rigueurs de l'occupation qu'il s'agisse des réquisitions militaires ou du travail que les Allemands imposent par la force aux détenus mais, surtout, aux pupilles et aux gardiens. A la brutalité de l'occupant, l'ad¬ ministration pénitentiaire oppose toutes les formes de résistance possibles : argu¬ ments juridiques puisés dans le droit international et arguments administratifs qui permettent de proclamer l'obéissance exclusive au gouvernement français. Mais, il ne reste le plus souvent aux travailleurs forcés que le refus d'obtempérer aux ordres de l'occupant et la fuite. Ce comportement résistant les exposa toujours aux sanctions de l'autorité allemande et parfois même les conduisit à la mort.
Les désillusions de la libération d'après le contrôle postal civil de Lille (octobre 1918 -mars 1919)
Authors: Le Naour Jean-Yves
Published: July 2016

En novembre 1918, dans la région lilloise libérée des Allemands, les autorités militaires françaises établissent un contrôle de la correspondance civile afin de sur¬ veiller l'état moral des populations du Nord suite aux quatre années d'occupation et de propagande ennemie. Cette censure postale nous révèle qu'après le fol enthousiasme de la libération et ses espoirs de rétablissement instantané, les désillusions ont été grandes et amères : poursuite des privations alimentaires, spoliation financière mais surtout conflit, ou fossé tout au moins, entre la mémoire des régions qui ont connu l'expérience de l'occupation et celle du reste de la France. La découverte douloureuse de sa mémoire propre et l'incompréhension qui en est la résultante caractérisent les lendemains de la libération du Nord.
Les plaques à alvéoles de Bavay : le contexte archéologique des trouvailles
Authors: Muller Arthur
Published: July 2016

Arthur Muller, The Bavay Hole Plates Archaeological Context of the Discoveries.

The numerous fragments of crucibles collected in Bavay originate from a very restricted zone of the urban area — half a dozen trenches in the southern half of the plot of land where the future basilica of the forum was to be built — and from a very definite stratigraphie horizon : either layers that directly cover the virgin ground, or structures like pits or pole holes. Taken all together these remnants suggest the presence, in this very location of the primitive urban area, of craftsmen's workshops belonging to period la in our dating of the forum (latest decades B.C.). Very occasional residual fragments are to be found in the construction fillings of later periods (periods Ib, II, III and IV).
Les horizons augustéens dans la céramique du Nord de la Gaule
Authors: Hanut Frédéric
Published: July 2016

La période augustéenne voit se mettre progressivement en place les caractéristiques essentielles de la culture matérielle gallo-romaine du Ier siècle ap. J.-C. Le mobilier céramique en usage entre les années 30 av. J.-C. et 20 ap. J.-C. peut être réparti en quatre horizons dont la datation repose sur la chronologie de la terre sigillée italique, véritable fil conducteur de cette période. Cette périodisation en quatre phases met en lumière la romanisation profonde et rapide de la culture matérielle indigène et la naissance d'un artisanat céramique purement gallo-romain à l'aube du règne de Tibère. La diffusion des premières importations méditerranéennes (sigillée italique, parois fines, etc.) et l'essor de la céramique belge dessinent les grands schémas du commerce de la céramique du Haut-Empire dans le Nord de la Gaule.
Les caves médiévales de Lille
Authors: Clabaut Jean-Denis
Published: July 2016

Depuis le mois de septembre 1995, le recensement systématique des caves anciennes encore existantes à Lille a été entrepris. Il a permis de relever vingt-six caves, dont la plupart sont très bien conservées, entièrement construites en pierre, moellons calcaire pour les voûtes et grès ou pierre de Tournai pour les supports. Les caves ménageant les plus grandes surfaces sont couvertes de voûtes d'arêtes supportées par des colonnes couronnées de chapiteaux à crochets. Ces caves sont concentrées entre la Grand-Place et la place Louise-de-Bettignies, ancien port de la ville. Les comparaisons stylistiques ainsi que les sondages effectués au pied des colonnes noyées dans les accumulations de remblai, ont permis de proposer des datations s 'échelonnant du milieu du xif siècle jusqu'au XVe siècle. Exclusivement mentionnées dans les textes médiévaux pour le stockage du vin, ces caves, appartenant souvent à des bourgeois de la ville, ont une fonction commerciale évidente. Leur analyse précise, ainsi que leur implantation cadastrale, permettent de proposer des hypothèses d'organisation et d'évolution du noyau urbain primitif.
Knockdown of PFTAIRE Protein Kinase 1 (PFTK1) Inhibits Proliferation, Invasion, and EMT in Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhu Jiankang , Liu Chongzhong , Liu Fengyue , Wang Yadong , Zhu Min
Published: July 2016

PFTK1 is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) family and is upregulated in many types of tumors. However, its expression and role in colon cancer remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression and function of PFTK1 in colon cancer. Our results showed that PFTK1 was highly expressed in colon cancer cell lines. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that knockdown of PFTK1 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of colon cancer cells as well as the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progress. Furthermore, knockdown of PFTK1 suppressed the expression of Shh as well as Smo, Ptc, and Gli-1 in colon cancer cells. Taken together, these results suggest that knockdown of PFTK1 inhibited the proliferation and invasion of colon cancer cells as well as the EMT progress by suppressing the Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway. Therefore, these findings reveal that PFTK1 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of colon cancer.
MicroRNA-15a Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in CNE1 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Zhu Kang , He Ying , Xia Cui , Yan Jing , Hou Jin , Kong Demin , Yang Yeye , Zheng Guoxi
Published: July 2016

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a highly metastatic cancer, frequently occurring in Southeast Asia and Southern China. Several microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to have an inhibitive effect on NPC, while the effect of miR-15a on NPC remains unclear. Thus, our study aimed to investigate
the potential effect of miR-15a on NPC cell proliferation, apoptosis, and possible functional mechanism. Human NPC CNE1 cells were transfected with miR-15a mimics, miR-15a inhibitors, or a control. Afterward, cell viability and apoptosis were assayed by using CCK-8, BrdU assay, and flow cytometry.
Moreover, Western blot was used to detect the expression changes of proliferation and apoptosis of related proteins. As a result, miR-15a overexpression significantly reduced cell proliferation (p < 0.01 or p < 0.001) and induced cell apoptosis
(p < 0.001), while miR-15a suppression got the opposite result for cell proliferation and apoptosis. In addition, miR-15a overexpression upregulated the protein levels of p27, GSK-3β, Bax, procaspase 3, and active caspase 3, whereas miR-15a suppression downregulated
these proteins. The protein level of p21 was not significantly regulated by miR-15a overexpression or suppression. These results indicated that miR-15a played a role for inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in CNE1 cells.
Downregulation of CREB Promotes Cell Proliferation by Mediating G1/S Phase Transition in Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Lu Fangjin , Zheng Ying , Donkor Paul Owusu , Zou Peng , Mu Ping
Published: July 2016

The cyclic-AMP response element-binding protein (CREB), a well-known nuclear transcription factor, has been shown to play an essential role in many cellular processes, including differentiation, cell survival, and cell proliferation, by regulating the expression of downstream genes.
Recently, increased expression of CREB was frequently found in various tumors, indicating that CREB is implicated in the process of tumorigenesis. However, the effects of CREB on Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) remain unknown. To clarify the role of CREB in HL, we performed knockdown experiments in
HL. We found that downregulation of CREB by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) resulted in enhancement of cell proliferation and promotion of G1/S phase transition, and these effects can be rescued by expression of shRNA-resistant CREB. Meanwhile, the expression level of cell cycle-related
proteins, such as cyclin D1, cyclin E1, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), and CDK4, was elevated in response to depletion of CREB. Furthermore, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay and confirmed that CREB directly bound to the promoter regions of these genes, which consequently
contributed to the regulation of cell cycle. Consistent with our results, a clinical database showed that high expression of CREB correlates with favorable prognosis in B-cell lymphoma patients, which is totally different from the function of CREB in other cancers such as colorectal cancer,
acute myeloid leukemia, and some endocrine cancers. Taken together, all of these features of CREB in HL strongly support its role as a tumor suppressor gene that can decelerate cell proliferation by inhibiting the expression of several cell cycle-related genes. Our results provide new evidence for prognosis prediction of HL and a promising therapeutic strategy for HL patients.
Knockdown of PFTK1 Expression by RNAi Inhibits the Proliferation and Invasion of Human Non-Small Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells
Authors: Liu Mei-han , Shi Shao-min , Li Kai , Chen En-qi
Published: July 2016

PFTK1 (PFTAIRE protein kinase 1), also named CDK14 (cyclin-dependent kinase 14), is a member of the cell division cycle 2 (CDC2)-related protein kinase family. It is highly expressed in several malignant tumors. However, the role of PFTK1 in the progression of non-small cell lung cancer
(NSCLC) is still elusive. In this study, we aimed to explore the expression and function of PFTK1 in NSCLC cells. Our results showed that PFTK1 was significantly upregulated in human NSCLC cell lines. Silencing the expression of PFTK1 inhibited the proliferation of NSCLC cells. In addition,
silencing the expression of PFTK1 endowed NSCLC cells with decreased migration and invasion abilities, as well as epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) progress in A549 cells. A mechanistic study showed that knockdown of PFTK1 inhibited the expression of β-catenin, cyclin D1,
and c-Myc in A549 cells. In summary, we report that small interfering RNA (siRNA)-PFTK1 might inhibit the proliferation and invasion of NSCLC cells by suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, PFTK1 may represent a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLC.
Knockdown of HVEM, a Lymphocyte Regulator Gene, in Ovarian Cancer Cells Increases Sensitivity to Activated T Cells
Authors: Zhang Ting , Ye Lei , Han Lingfei , He Qizhi , Zhu Jianlong
Published: July 2016

Ovarian cancer is highly malignant with a gradually increasing incidence and a high mortality rate. Immunosuppression is induced in ovarian cancer, although the mechanism detail is not clear. It has been indicated that HVEM (herpesvirus entry mediator) B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator
(BTLA) negatively regulates the immune responses of T lymphocytes. Here, HVEM mRNA was found to be elevated in ovarian cancer tissue samples and primary ovarian cancer cells in comparison with benign tissue samples. We then knocked down HVEM expression in an ovarian cancer cell line, OVCAR3,
by lentivirus-based small hairpin RNA (shRNA). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry analysis showed that HVEM-shRNA had no effect on the proliferation, early apoptosis, or cell cycle distribution of OVCAR3. We then isolated activated T cells and performed coculture experiments
in Transwell. Remarkably, HVEM-silenced ovarian cancer cells (primary ovarian cancer cells and OVCAR3) increased the number of T cells and the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), while activated T cells promoted the apoptosis of HVEM-silenced
ovarian cancer cells. The current study partially explains the immune escape mechanism of ovarian cancer cells and provides a possible target for immunotherapy.
Knockdown of Zinc Transporter ZIP5 by RNA Interference Inhibits Esophageal Cancer Growth In Vivo
Authors: Li Qian , Jin Jing , Liu Jianghui , Wang Liqun , He Yutong
Published: July 2016

We recently found that SLC39A5 (ZIP5), a zinc transporter, is overexpressed in esophageal cancer. Downregulation of ZIP5 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of the esophageal cancer cell line KYSE170 in vitro. In this study, we found that downregulation of SLC39A5 (ZIP5) by interference resulted in a significant reduction in esophageal cancer tumor volume and weight in vivo. COX2 (cyclooxygenase 2) expression was decreased and E-cadherin expression was increased in the KYSE170K xenografts, which was caused by the downregulation of ZIP5. However, we did not find that the downregulation of ZIP5 caused a change in the relative expressions of cyclin D1, VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), MMP9 (matrix metalloprotein 9), and Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma/leukmia-2) mRNA or an alteration in the average level of zinc in the peripheral blood and xenografts in vivo. Collectively, these findings indicate that knocking down ZIP5 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) might be a novel treatment strategy for esophageal cancer with ZIP5 overexpression.
SOCIAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DISASTER RESILIENCE
Authors: GIULIANI Luisa , REVEZ Alexandra , SPARF Jörgen , JAYASENA Suranga , FABER Michael Havbro
Published: July 2016

Large scale projects tasked with designing infrastructures and urban networks resilient to disasters face a common challenge, i.e. the need to address concomitant technological issues and social problems. What is more, conflicting technologies and the diverse philosophical underpinnings of distinct academic disciplines pose difficulties in the collaboration among experts of different fields. These difficulties and possible ways to tackle them have been highlighted by a questionnaire developed in the framework of an EU project named ANDRDD (Academic Network for Disaster Resilience to optimize Educational development). More specifically, the project investigated the level of interdisciplinary work in current research and educational projects within the field of disaster resilience. findings illustrate the number and types of disciplines involved in disaster resilience projects and suggest that a higher degree of integration between different disciplines in tertiary education could promote a transdisciplinary approach to disaster resilience, resulting in design efficiency and innovation.
EARTHQUAKE RISK MITIGATION: THE IMPACT OF SEISMIC RETROFITTING STRATEGIES ON URBAN RESILIENCE
Authors: FERREIRA Tiago Miguel , MAIO Rui
Published: July 2016

It is recognized that both community and urban resilience depends on the capacity of built environment to maintain acceptable structural safety levels during and after unforeseeable events, such as earthquakes, as well as to recover their original functionality. Investing in disaster risk mitigation policies is a great step towards promoting urban resilience and community preparedness, implicitly limiting damage to the built environment and subsequently reducing human, economic and environmental losses. Portugal is a moderate to high seismic prone area as the latest estimates indicate that within the next 50 years the country could be severely hit by a strong quake similar to the histori­cal 1755 event, which left a trail of destruction and death, mainly in densely populated areas, such as Lisbon. This manuscript aims to mitigate the impact of earthquake damage scenarios on social and economical terms, as well as evaluating the outcome of implementing traditional retrofitting strategies to existing masonry building stock located in urban areas of high seismic risk, using the old city centre of Horta, Faial island (Azores, Portugal), as a case study.
RESILIENCY OF PREFABRICATED DAYCARES AND SCHOOLS: FINNISH PERSPECTIVE TO RELOCATABLE EDUCATION FACILITIES
Authors: EDELMAN Harry , VIHOLA Jaakko , LAAK Mikko , ANNILA Petri
Published: July 2016

The industrialised production of prefabricated daycare and school properties offer flexible alternatives for communities for provision of communal services. The paper investigates architectural qualities and financial solutions for rentable and relocatable education facilities in finland. in particular, the focus is on the communal interests in solving the property management with a portfolio of rentable facilities for different time spans ranging from very short term to periods up to over twenty years. The short term rental terms offer solutions for disaster mitigation such as flooding but also spaces during refurbishment of existing buildings, e.g. due to moisture and mould damage. A core issue is a potential sustainable and flexible co-existence of both permanent and flexible modules that can adapt, for example to demographic changes, improving the efficiency of communal property manage­ment. Thus the prefabricated solutions have a potential, if the architectural quality is high enough, to provide alternatives for the real estate strategies of cities also in longer term provision of daycare and school facilities.
INVESTMENT IN DISASTER RESILIENCE IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
Authors: PERERA Srinath , LILL Irene
Published: July 2016

"Guest Editorial ‘Investment in disaster resilience in the built environment’."International Journal of Strategic Property Management, 20(3), p. 221-223
THE B/C AND SUB-IRON/IRON COSMIC RAY RATIOS—FURTHER EVIDENCE IN FAVOR OF THE SPIRAL-ARM DIFFUSION MODEL
Authors: Benyamin David , Nakar Ehud , Piran Tsvi , Shaviv Nir J.
Published: July 2016

The boron to carbon (B/C) and sub-Fe/Fe ratios provide an important clue on cosmic ray (CR) propagation within the Galaxy. These ratios estimate the grammage that the CRs traverse as they propagate from their sources to Earth. Attempts to explain these ratios within the standard CR propagation models require ad hoc modifications and even with those these models necessitate inconsistent grammages to explain both ratios. As an alternative, physically motivated model, we have proposed that CRs originate preferably within the galactic spiral arms. CR propagation from dynamic spiral arms has important imprints on various secondary to primary ratios, such as the B/C ratio and the positron fraction. We use our spiral-arm diffusion model with the spallation network extended up to nickel to calculate the sub-Fe/Fe ratio. We show that without any additional parameters the spiral-arm model consistently explains both ratios with the same grammage, providing further evidence in favor of this model.
SUPRATHERMAL ELECTRONS AT SATURN'S BOW SHOCK
Authors: Masters A. , Sulaiman A. H. , Sergis N. , Stawarz L. , Fujimoto M. , Coates A. J. , Dougherty M. K.
Published: July 2016

The leading explanation for the origin of galactic cosmic rays is particle acceleration at the shocks surrounding young supernova remnants (SNRs), although crucial aspects of the acceleration process are unclear. The similar collisionless plasma shocks frequently encountered by spacecraft in the solar wind are generally far weaker (lower Mach number) than these SNR shocks. However, the Cassini spacecraft has shown that the shock standing in the solar wind sunward of Saturn (Saturn's bow shock) can occasionally reach this high-Mach number astrophysical regime. In this regime Cassini has provided the first in situ evidence for electron acceleration under quasi-parallel upstream magnetic conditions. Here we present the full picture of suprathermal electrons at Saturn's bow shock revealed by Cassini. The downstream thermal electron distribution is resolved in all data taken by the low-energy electron detector (CAPS-ELS, <28 keV) during shock crossings, but the higher energy channels were at (or close to) background. The high-energy electron detector (MIMI-LEMMS, >18 keV) measured a suprathermal electron signature at 31 of 508 crossings, where typically only the lowest energy channels (<100 keV) were above background. We show that these results are consistent with the theory in which the “injection” of thermal electrons into an acceleration process involves interaction with whistler waves at the shock front, and becomes possible for all upstream magnetic field orientations at high Mach numbers like those of the strong shocks around young SNRs. A future dedicated study will analyze the rare crossings with evidence for relativistic electrons (up to ∼1 MeV).
L’ennui du bébé autiste. Une déception en deçà de l’objet
Authors: Golse Bernard
Published: July 2016

L’ennui n’est pas la tristesse car la place de l’objet n’y est sans doute pas la même. L’ennui correspondrait à une déception en amont de l’objet liée à un « objet décevant » dont la fonction de miroir est insuffisante pour permettre au sujet d’instaurer ses fondements narcissiques. L’ennui du bébé autiste est-il alors pensable ? Après avoir rappelé les bases de l’accès à l’intersubjectivité et à la subjectivation via le processus de synchronisation polysensorielle, il apparaît que l’ennui du bébé autiste renverrait alors à une perception de la défaillance de l’objet quant à sa fonction de miroir alors même que l’objet n’est pas encore perçu et repéré comme tel par le futur sujet.
Ennui ? Quel ennui ?!
Authors: Duverger Philippe
Published: July 2016

À partir de la rencontre avec un adolescent, Alban, âgé de 13 ans, la notion d’ennui est développée, tant dans ses aspects d’ennui de situation (notamment scolaire) que d’ennui existentiel. En effet, l’ennui est un symptôme souvent évoqué dans la clinique pédopsychiatrique, mais que révèle-t-il ? Quel sens prend-il pour un enfant, ses parents, une institution ? Cette rencontre est l’occasion d’une réflexion autour des multiples facettes de l’ennui.
Peut-on parler d’un ennui contemporain à la génération numérique ?
Authors: Texier Dominique
Published: July 2016

Alors que l’ennui est un affect subjectif néantisant et fixant le sujet, sa définition reste floue et son maniement très flexible dans les discours sociaux. Il est l’affect qui traduit le malaise d’un sujet dans un contexte sociétal en crise. Il a, à ce titre, valeur de symptôme subjectif et social. L’adolescence produit ses formes spécifiques d’ennui, que la contemporanéité numérique amplifie en réifiant les liens sociaux et en accroissant l’errance imaginaire. Pourtant l’ennui a aussi une valeur de résistance et de remédiation qu’il nous appartient cliniquement de prendre en compte et de favoriser pour le transformer en force créatrice.
Nurserie carcérale : processus de socialisation et enjeux sensoriels et psychomoteurs au sein d’un quartier « mère-enfant » pénitentiaire
Authors: Lefebvre Aurélie , Lafine Florence
Published: July 2016

Cet article se donne pour but d’aborder les mécanismes de pré-socialisation qui s’opèrent chez les bébés restés en prison auprès de leur mère détenue. En s’appuyant sur une approche ethnographique de 20 mois menée dans une nurserie carcérale d’une maison d’arrêt pour femmes ( maf ), mêlant observations concrètes, analyses de pratiques, nous voudrions insister tout particulièrement sur le rôle de l’éducatrice jeunes enfants, dont la présence découpe la journée en séquences et distribue les temps d’affects, et montrer comment elle participe à la construction d’une architecture socio-affective de laquelle émerge un processus de socialisation spécifique du couple mère-enfant.
Du fil à retordre... L’autorité délabrée dans les situations de négligence éducative
Authors: Hours Armelle
Published: July 2016

L’autorité n’est pas un concept psychanalytique, pour autant c’est une notion primordiale sur le plan clinique, dans la mesure où elle est directement rattachée à la composition du lien triangulé. Les situations de maltraitance, de carences éducatives, de négligence, comportent assez régulièrement un certain nombre d’ingrédients pour le surgissement de la violence fondamentale. Lorsque la souplesse du lien, liaisons/déliaisons bien tempérées, fait défaut, toute tentative de prise de distance, de différenciation, vient immédiatement comme une menace. C’est pourquoi, bien souvent, l’intervention d’un tiers est si difficile à accepter, dans la mesure où celui-ci peut être vécu comme une menace. Cet article précise la spécificité clinique des situations de négligence éducatives ainsi que les problèmes d’autorité qui en découlent. Puis sont évoquées quelques séquences d’un groupe thérapeutique autour du conte dans lequel le « jeu avec un fil » a permis la reconquête d’un espace jusque-là en collapsus. L’appui sur la médiation peut s’envisager dans sa double dimension métaphorique et concrète, ce qui permet à l’enfant de faire l’expérience de cette restauration à l’appui sur une mobilisation active.
Jack
Authors: Clergeau Sandrine
Published: July 2016

Après avoir été placé en foyer, Jack, 10 ans, fugue et part à la recherche de sa mère. Il traîne son petit frère avec lui dont il s’est toujours occupé.
Le tourisme et ses vides
Authors: Brugère Fabienne
Published: July 2016

Le voyage suppose une perte de soi, un apprentissage du monde et du jugement. Le tourisme, comme dans les romans de Houellebecq, transforme toute expérience en transaction marchande et mène au vide, à l’instar de ces hôtels tunisiens désertés.
Le divers à préserver et le divers à construire
Authors: Message Vincent
Published: July 2016

Une certaine pratique du voyage permet de lutter contre la construction des murs identitaires et l’indifférence aux exils forcés. Comme le suggère Edouard Glissant, elle permet à la fois de préserver et de permettre la diversité biologique et culturelle.
Dans la nuit burundaise
Authors: Larcher Laurent
Published: July 2016

La nuit au Burundi est celle de la répression, de la surveillance et de la torture que le pouvoir justifie par la menace d’un nouveau massacre sur les Hutu. Alors que le tissu social résiste à la fièvre identitaire, peu d’acteurs institutionnels semblent disposés à empêcher l’escalade de la violence.
Nuit debout
Authors: Nahoum-Grappe Véronique
Published: July 2016

Lieu de vie collective, la place de la République est occupée par le mouvement Nuit debout. Nouvelle forme de vie politique fondée sur l’injonction minimale de se tenir debout, Nuit debout s’inscrit dans la continuité des manifestations qui, depuis les années 2010, occupent une place centrale urbaine pour réclamer plus de démocratie.
L’Afrique francophone, une opportunité pour les entreprises françaises
Authors: Montenay Yves
Published: July 2016

L’importance de l’utilisation de la langue française en Afrique pourrait être mieux prise en compte par les entreprises françaises, alors que les articles économiques font souvent l’impasse sur cette question. En décrivant la situation du français, notamment professionnel, l’article traite de l’importance des populations concernées et de l’emploi du français au Maghreb, en Afrique « francophone », de ses répercussions sur la situation linguistique et des précautions à prendre par les entreprises. Les avantages qui en découlent sont nombreux et très appréciables.
Le coût économique du terrorisme : l’équation impossible ?
Authors: Rigoulet-Roze David
Published: July 2016

Mesurer le coût économique du terrorisme relève de la gageure. En effet, si les dommages matériels immédiats induits par des attentats terroristes peuvent être financièrement chiffrés de manière relativement précise, à l’instar d’un sinistre pour les assureurs, il n’en est pas de même pour les multiples pertes indirectes afférentes au niveau économique de la société en général. Il est ainsi très difficile d’évaluer le coût économique global du terrorisme, ce qui explique les variations considérables que l’on rencontre, y compris parmi les économistes eux-mêmes.
Joie ou jouissance, que choisir ?
Authors: Zaoui Pierre
Published: July 2016

Résumé Un article cornélien
Fragment de joie révolutionnaire
Authors: Wahnich Sophie
Published: July 2016

Résumé Sur l’événement festif
Des vertus de la joie au pays des passions tristes
Authors: Charrier Alexandre
Published: July 2016

Résumé Une joie intégrale
Impressions d’Évian
Authors: Rabau Sophie
Published: July 2016

Résumé Noyade dans un aquarium
« Hier il pleuvait et c’est de la neige qui est tombée »
Authors: Chottin Ariane
Published: July 2016

Résumé « Mon père à l’ouest » un film de Sylvie Nayral.
Le « roman national » arabe et ses médias : un rêve impossible ?
Authors: Gonzalez-Quijano Yves
Published: July 2016

Résumé De l’arabité.
L’agent gélifiant
Authors: Vaugelade Anaïs
Published: July 2016

Résumé Cuisine d’éditeur
Kopecks
Authors: Alexakis Dimitris
Published: July 2016

Résumé Les baricades misterieuses – Vu la télévision et presque pleuré. Je me souviens de tout. Vu les dents du monstre qui riait là-bas, à Tchernobyl. Vu les dents de l’air et les dents des nuages car air avait des dents, là-bas, nuage avait des dents ; et les dents du soleil. Je me souviens les gens sous la fenêtre, courir avec leurs dents et avec leurs visages, courir avec leurs yeux.
Reconquérir la loi contre le droit bourgeois
Authors: Wahnich Sophie
Published: July 2016

Résumé Sagesses révolutionnaires
Choroidal Morphology and Vascular Analysis in Eyes With Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Legocki Alex T. , Adhi Mehreen , Weber Marissa L. , Duker Jay S.
Published: July 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To describe morphology and vascular layer thickness of the choroid in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Cross-sectional, retrospective analysis of 15 eyes with neovascular AMD and 11 healthy age-matched eyes that underwent single horizontal, high-definition raster line imaging using high-definition SD-OCT. Two independent graders assessed choroid morphology and measured the thickness of individual vascular layers of the choroid beneath the fovea.

RESULTS:

Normal concave choroidal contour was found in 13.3% of eyes with neovascular AMD and 100% of healthy eyes. The thickest point of the choroid was located beneath the foveal center in 20% of eyes and focal thinning was observed in 40% of eyes with neovascular AMD, compared to 91% and 0% of healthy eyes, respectively. Subfoveal total choroidal thickness, large choroidal vessel layer thickness, and the medium choroidal vessel/choriocapillaris layer thickness were reduced in eyes with neovascular AMD compared to healthy eyes (205.7 µm ± 17.08 µm versus 281.3 µm ± 19.29 µm,
P
= .007; 174.1 µm ± 16.34 µm versus 244.5 µm ± 19.51 µm,
P
= .01; and 31.53 µm ± 3.67 µm verus 51.9 µm ± 1.94 µm,
P
= .0002, respectively).

CONCLUSION:

Choroidal morphology is altered in eyes with neovascular AMD as assessed on SDOCT. Choroidal thinning in neovascular AMD involves all its vascular layers. These morphological and vascular changes may have clinical implications in the diagnosis and monitoring of eyes with neovascular AMD.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2016;47:618–625.]
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Findings in Coats' Disease
Authors: Muakkassa Nora W. , de Carlo Talisa E. , Choudhry Netan , Duker Jay S. , Baumal Caroline R.
Published: July 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To describe optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) findings in patients with unilateral Coats' disease.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Retrospective, observational case series of four patients with unilateral Coats' disease who underwent bilateral OCTA imaging.

RESULTS:

Bilateral macular OCTA findings of eight eyes are described. An abnormal foveal avascular zone (FAZ) with inner retinal vessels traversing the avascular zone in the superficial capillary plexus was visible on OCTA in the affected eye of all four patients. A similarly abnormal FAZ was noted on OCTA in the clinically normal fellow eye in two of the four patients (50%).

CONCLUSION:

OCTA may demonstrate an abnormal foveal avascular zone in both the affected eye and the clinically unaffected fellow eye, suggesting widespread pathology of the retinal vasculature in Coats' disease.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2016;47:632–635.]
Progression of Macular Atrophy in Pattern Dystrophies
Authors: Pallado Céline Mebsout , Sikorav Anne , Semoun Oudy , Jung Camille , Souied Eric H.
Published: July 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To quantify the progression of macular atrophy associated with pattern dystrophies (PD).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Retrospective, observational study including patients with reticular PD and macular atrophy. A detailed ophthalmologic exam was performed, and progression of macular atrophy areas was evaluated on fundus autofluorescence frames using RegionFinder software, a semiautomated software embedded in Spectralis device (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany).

RESULTS:

We included 19 eyes of 12 patients. The median follow-up was 4.5 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 2.7–5.5). Three eyes (16%) had choroidal neovascularization. Atrophy involved foveal area in 21% (four of 19) of cases. Decreased vision occurred in three eyes (16%). The median atrophy progression rate evaluated by RegionFinder software was 0.101 mm
2
/year (IQR: 0.054–0.257).

CONCLUSION:

The progression of macular atrophy in PDs appears to be relatively slow. Further studies are necessary to correlate the progression of atrophy in PDs with genetic data.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2016;47:652–658.]
Pars Plana Vitrectomy With in Vivo Cyst Lysis for Intraocular Cysticercosis
Authors: Azad Shorya , Takkar Brijesh , Roy Sangeeta , Gangwe Anil B. , Kumar Mahesh , Kumar Atul
Published: July 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate efficacy and safety of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and in vivo cyst lysis for intraocular cysticercosis.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Retrospective analysis of the records of 15 patients undergoing PPV for intraocular cysticercosis at a tertiary eye care center was done. All patients had undergone in vivo cyst lysis. Of these 15 patients, one had intravitreal cysticercosis (IVC) with vitritis, two cases had IVC with vitritis with tractional retinal detachment (TRD), four cases had subretinal cysticercosis (SRC), four cases had SRC with extensive fibrosis without TRD, and five cases had SRC with fibrosis with TRD. Postoperative visual acuity at 3 months of follow-up was analyzed as the primary outcome measure.

RESULTS:

Mean age of patients was 26 years ± 12.27 years. Four out of 15 patients were female. Mean preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 1.55 logMAR units ± 0.62 logMAR units, whereas mean postoperative BCVA at last follow-up (3 months) was 1.26 logMAR units ± 0.65 log-MAR units. Mean visual gain (0.29 logMAR units) post-surgery was statistically significant (
P
= .018). The final visual acuity correlated with preoperative BCVA with Pearson's coefficient being 0.78 (95% CI, 0.44–0.92;
P
= .001). Anatomical success was achieved in 13 of 15 (87%) cases. In one case the cyst was dead and calcified and could not be removed. TRD was associated with poor visual gain.

CONCLUSION:

Intravitreal cyst lysis is a safe and successful approach for managing intraocular cysticercosis. Visual results depend on preoperative condition. TRD implicates poor visual prognoses.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2016;47:665–669.]
Multimodal Imaging in Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy Demonstrating Obstruction of the Choriocapillaris
Authors: Salvatore Serena , Steeples Laura R. , Ross Adam H. , Bailey Clare , Lee Richard W.J. , Carreño Ester
Published: July 2016

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) provides noninvasive in vivo vascular imaging of the retina and choriocapillaris. To highlight OCTA utility, the authors align structural changes and their resolution with functional outcome. The authors present a case of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) and sequential changes during transition to inactive disease. In the acute phase, altered flow and nonperfusion were seen in defined islands of choriocapillaris. Over time, progressive reperfusion was observed and accompanied clinical resolution and functional visual restoration. The imaging features acquired described the level of nonperfusion the authors had assumed when extrapolating findings from multiple independent imaging modalities.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2016;47:677–681.]
Theoretical study of α- and γ-V2O5 double-walled nanotubes
Authors: Porsev Vitaly V. , Bandura Andrei V. , Evarestov Robert A.
Published: July 2016

The first-principles calculations of the atomic and electronic structure of double-walled nanotubes (DWNTs) of γ-V2O5 have been performed and the obtained properties have been compared with those of α-V2O5 ones. The DWNT structure relaxation leads to the formation of two types of local regions: (1) adhesion regions and (2) puckering regions. Although the structure of adhesion regions of α-V2O5 DWNTs is close to the structure of bulk α-V2O5, this is not the case for γ-V2O5 DWNTs. The resulting structure of adhesion regions in γ-V2O5 SWNTs allows us to assume the existence of hypothetical stable phases, with one of them resembling the experimentally observed R-Nb2O5 and (V0.7Mo0.3)2O5 crystals.
Neutron irradiation influence on mobility and compensation of dark conductivity in silicon
Authors: Vaitkus Juozas Vidmantis , Mekys Algirdas , Rumbauskas Vytautas , Storasta Jurgis
Published: July 2016

The electrical properties of the neutron irradiated Si were analysed by means of the Hall effect and magnetoresistance temperature dependence. It was demonstrated that the electron mobility decreased with increasing the neutron fluence in a wide fluence range, and the microinhomogeneities in samples caused differences between the mobility values from the measured Hall and magnetoresistance effects. Exploiting the magnetoresistance mobility temperature dependence, the free carrier concentration dependence on temperature was analysed. It was found that the neutron irradiation introduced deep levels in the upper part of the bandgap, but their contribution decreased with increasing the neutron fluence – that is explained by more effective generation of acceptor type levels in the middle or lower part of the bandgap. The activation energy of the free carrier concentration did not follow the homogeneous semiconductor model, so the dark conductivity origin, that is related to the modified cluster model and cluster environment, was proposed.
Investigation of 137Cs and plutonium isotope sorption–desorption in bio- and synthetic materials
Authors: Lukšienė Benedikta , Žukauskaitė Zita , Tarasiuk Nikolaj , Maceika Evaldas , Filistovič Vitold , Buivydas Šarūnas , Nedzveckienė Laima , Jasinevičienė Dalia
Published: July 2016

Investigations on the pre-concentration of radionuclides (137Cs and plutonium isotopes) from fresh water on solid matrices are presented in this study. A particular focus was given to an innovative physico-chemical removal process such as adsorption of radionuclides from an aqueous medium on new type adsorbents, environmental-friendly materials. Sorption of the tested radionuclides from the lake water solution by environmental assays and synthetic sorbents was compared. Lake water was analyzed for main anions, micro- and macroelements, using ion and atomic absorption chromatography methods, respectively. Batch type and dynamic flow column laboratory experiments were performed. The sorption–desorption capacity of radionuclides by the tested sorbents was estimated based on the results of α- and γ-spectrometric measurements. According to the removal efficiency results, moss can be considered as the best sorbent for plutonium of the tested environmental-friendly sorbents, whereas the moss sorption capacity exceeded even that of the tested synthetic ones. The highest 137Cs removal efficiency from the lake water solution was obtained for granular activated carbon. Application of the dynamic flow method carried out in situ confirmed the reversibility of sorbed background 137Cs activity in the moss observed during the batch type experiments, and the method of the moss bed column turned to be unfit for the pre-concentration of 137Cs from the lake water.
Application of a single moss bed column for the 137Cs and plutonium isotope pre-concentration for the first time carried out in situ allowed us to determine the activity concentration of 239,240Pu and 238Pu in the lake water – 4.87±0.98 and 0.67±0.21 mBq/m3, respectively.
The reversible 137Cs and different plutonium sorption in the moss apparently indicates different binding properties of these radionuclides to the moss, therefore further investigations on this issue are foreseen.
Madrid, centro de la red de comunicaciones
Authors: Gómez Mendoza Antonio
Published: July 2016

No disponible
La sombra del 98
Authors: Espadas Burgos Manuel
Published: July 2016

No disponible
Elecciones en Madrid en el cambio de siglo
Authors: García López Amparo
Published: July 2016

No disponible
El socialismo madrileño hace un siglo: Un anhelo de reforma
Authors: Castillo Santiago
Published: July 2016

Dos ideas básicas subyacen en este texto. Los años 1900-1904 marcan el inicio en España de un proceso sistemático de promulgación de textos normativos en materia laboral y de creación de instituciones y cauces para su aplicación. Es decir, comienza el intervencionismo legal del Estado en la cuestión obrera. Coincidiendo con el cambio también se detecta, en el movimiento socialista español en general y en el madrileño en particular, la cristalización de una estrategia reformista coincidente con el inicio de un significativo despegue en cuanto a su implantación.A la puesta en relación de ambas cuestiones dedicaremos las siguientes páginas.
Ocio y esparcimiento en Madrid hacia 1900
Authors: Del Moral Ruiz Carmen
Published: July 2016

No disponible
Edificio de oficinas en Roma
Authors: Decker Emilio , Decker Claudio , Nale Giancarlo , Virgili Domenico
Published: July 2016

El edificio, construido en colaboración por los arquitectos e ingenieros Emilio y Claudio Decker, Giancarlo Nale y Domenico Virgili, está edificado sobre un solar de unos 3.300 m2, con la fachada principal a la calle Lungotevere Arnaldo da Brescia, entre las Vías Mancini y Scialoja, y paralelo a la arteria de mayor tráfico. En su planteamiento se han previsto las más óptimas posibilidades de estacionamiento de automóviles, factor de suma importancia para el mejor servicio de las oficinas.
Cafetería de la Monsanto Company, San Luis, Mo. (U.S.A.)
Authors: Kling Vincent G. , Martin F. Ray
Published: July 2016

El volumen definido por la cafetería, que fue concebida para dar servicio a los empleados del grupo de edificios que albergan las oficinas centrales de la empresa, aparece claramente señalado por el perfil escalonado que presenta el terreno, lo que añade una geometría complementaria a la de la simetría formal de dichos edificios.
Su estructura realizada a base de hormigón «visto» moldeado in situ, en ciertos puntos, sirve al mismo tiempo como elemento escultórico y arquitectónico.
La iluminación ha sido asimismo cuidadosamente estudiada para que se disfrute en todos los niveles de la cafetería de iluminación natural; y el entorno, de patios, etc., tratado paisajísticamente, para ofrecer unas vistas agradables al usuario.