bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predicting Tumor Repopulation through the Gene Panel Derived from Radiation Resistant Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Song Yanwei , Deng Zheng , Sun Haoran , Zhao Yucui , Zhao Ruyi , Cheng Jin , Huang Qian
Published: April 2023

Background Tumor cells with the capability of radiation resistance can escape the fate of cell death after radiotherapy, serving as the main cause of treatment failure. Repopulation of tumors after radiotherapy is dominated by this group of residual cells, which greatly reduce the sensitivity of recurrent tumors to the therapy, resulting in poor clinical outcomes. Therefore, revealing the mechanism of radiation resistant cells participating in tumor repopulation is of vital importance for cancer patients to obtain a better prognosis.
Methods Co-expressed genes were searched by using genetic data of radiation resistant cells (from GEO database) and TCGA colorectal cancer. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to define the most significant co-expressed genes for establishing prognostic indicator. Logistic analysis, WGCNA analysis, and other types of tumors were included to verify the predictive ability of the indicator. RT-qPCR was carried out to test expression level of key genes in colorectal cancer cell lines. Colongenic assay was utilized to test the radio-sensitivity and repopulation ability of key gene knockdown cells.
Results Prognostic indicator based on TCGA colorectal cancer patients containing four key radiation resistance genes (LGR5, KCNN4, TNS4, CENPH) was established. The indicator was shown to be significantly correlated with the prognosis of colon cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy, and also had an acceptable predictive effect in the other types of cancer. RT-qPCR shows that expression of level key genes was basically consistent with the radiation resistance level of colorectal cancer cells. The clonogenic ability of all key gene knockdown cells decreased after radiation treatment compared with the control groups.
Conclusions Our data suggest that LGR5, KCNN4, TNS4 and CENPH are correlated with radiation sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells, and the indicator composed by them can reflect the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy. Our data provide an evidence of radiation resistant tumor cells involved in tumor repopulation, and give patients undergoing radiotherapy an approving prognostic indicator with regard to tumor progression.
Identifying Quantitatively Differential Chromosomal Compartmentalization Changes and Their Biological Significance from Hi-C data using DARIC
Authors: Kai Yan , Liu Nan , Orkin Stuart H , Yuan Guo-Cheng
Published: April 2023

Background. Chromosomal compartmentalization plays a critical role in maintaining proper transcriptional programs in cell differentiation and oncogenesis. However, currently the prevalent method for comparative analysis of compartmentalization landscapes between different cell types is limited to the qualitative switched compartments.
Results. To identify genomic regions with quantitatively differential compartmentalization changes from genome-wide chromatin conformation data like Hi-C, we developed a computational framework named DARIC. DARIC includes three modules: compartmentalization quantification, normalization, and differential analysis. Comparing DARIC with the conventional compartment switching analysis reveals substantial regions characterized by quantitatively significant compartmentalization changes without switching. These changes are accompanied by changes in gene expression, chromatin accessibility, H3K27ac intensity, as well as the interactions with nuclear lamina proteins and nuclear positioning, highlighting the functional importance of such quantitative changes in gene regulation. We applied DARIC to dissect the quantitative compartmentalization changes during human cardiomyocyte differentiation and identified two distinct mechanisms for gene activation based on the association with compartmentalization changes. Using the quantitative compartmentalization measurement module from DARIC, we further dissected the compartment variability landscape in the human genome by analyzing a compendium of 32 Hi-C datasets from 4DN. We discovered an interesting correlation between compartmentalization variability and sub-compartments.
Conclusions. DARIC is a useful tool for analyzing quantitative compartmentalization changes and mining novel biological insights from increasing Hi-C data. Our results demonstrate the functional significance of quantitative compartmentalization changes in gene regulation, and provide new insights into the relationship between compartmentalization variability and sub-compartments in the human genome.
Comprehensive analysis of CCR7 as a biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis, and immunity in pan-cancer
Authors: Chen Jianrui , Huang Haiyue , Zhang Qingfang , Zhu Yuxin , Xie Zhenzhen
Published: April 2023

Chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7), a member of the CCR family genes, encodes CCR to bind chemokines and exert multiple types of biological processes. It has been evident that CCR7 can play a crucial role in cancer development and progression. Our study has investigated the value of CCR7 expression in the diagnosis and prognosis and immunological signatures of CCR7. Through the utilization of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression Project (GTEx), The Human Protein Atlas (HPA), TIMER, TISIDB, GSEA, GeneMANIA, The Cancer single-cell state Atlas (CancerSEA), UALCAN, Shiny Methylation Analysis Resource Tool (SMART), MethSurv, and cBioPortal database, we used bioinformatics methods to conduct pan-cancer analysis, including differential expression, clinical evaluation, tumor microenvironment (TME) and immune-related analysis, GSEA, functional association analysis, DNA mutation and methylation level, and microsatellite instability (MSI) and tumor mutation burden (TMB). Our results showed that the expression of CCR7 showed significant differentiation between tumor tissues and normal tissues. CCR7 had the potential to be a biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients. Moreover, the CCR7 expression was closely associated with immune cell infiltration, immune-related genes, TMB, MSI, and DNA mutation. Through GSEA, it was revealed that CCR7 had a strong correlation with multiple immunological functions. Overall, we testified that CCR7 could be a novel tool for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer patients. Moreover, the correlation between CCR7 and TME and immunological processes elucidated the value of CCR7 as a target in cancer immunotherapy.
Training certified detectives to track down the intrinsic shortcuts in COVID-19 chest x-ray data sets
Authors: Zhang Ran , Griner Dalton , Garrett John W. , Qi Zhihua , Chen Guang-Hong
Published: April 2023

Deep learning faces a significant challenge wherein the trained models often underperform when used with external test data sets. This issue has been attributed to spurious correlations between irrelevant features in the input data and corresponding labels. This study uses the classification of COVID-19 from chest x-ray radiographs as an example to demonstrate that the image contrast and sharpness, which are characteristics of a chest radiograph dependent on data acquisition systems and imaging parameters, can be intrinsic shortcuts that impair the model’s generalizability. The study proposes training certified shortcut detective models that meet a set of qualification criteria which can then identify these intrinsic shortcuts in a curated data set.
Data Detection in Distributed Environment Based on Voice Interaction and English Network Teaching Management
Authors: Yanfei Shi
Published: April 2023

In recent years, due to the continuous progress of the intelligent society, information data has shown explosive growth in various industries such as transportation, healthcare, finance, education, and so on. Such a large amount of data has led to an increase in the difficulty of knowledge discovery. Due to the increasing amount of data in databases, it is difficult for these algorithms to ensure their recognition ability. Based on this, some scholars proposed a distributed environment data detection algorithm, and conducted research and analysis on online English teaching on this basis. Due to the rapid development of the Internet and information technology, traditional face-to-face classroom teaching has gradually been unable to meet today's diverse and personalized learning needs due to problems such as a single model and low interaction between teachers and students. The English online teaching management system fully utilizes the characteristics of the rapid transmission and multiple display methods of Internet information, and provides online teaching of traditional classroom teaching content through multimedia networks, fully meeting the personalized needs of students and enabling them to learn quickly. This article applies it to the management of English online teaching systems, increasing the effectiveness of English online teaching.
Rare presentation of BRASH syndrome with hypoglycemia and altered mental status
Authors: Sedlák Marián , Brúsiková Kamila , Sobolová Vladimíra , Králik Michal
Published: April 2023

Background BRASH syndrome (bradycardia, renal failure, atrioventricular nodal blockade, shock, and hyperkalemia) is a rare clinical condition with potentially severe outcomes. Patients with BRASH syndrome can present with diverse signs and symptoms and are usually in critical condition, but if recognized early, the syndrome is treatable and may have a favorable prognosis.Case presentation: This case study presents a 74-year-old patient with a history of multiple chronic conditions who was brought to the emergency department with a suspected stroke, altered mental status, and bradycardia. A head computed tomography scan did not confirm stroke, but laboratory results showed hyperkalemia, acidosis, and renal failure with concomitant progressive hypoglycemia. The patient was diagnosed with a BRASH syndrome characterized by a vicious cycle of atrioventricular nodal blockade induced by the potentiated effect of beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers, in combination with progressive hypoglycemia due to the suspected accumulation of anti-diabetic medications, which influenced the presentation and initial triage in the emergency department. She was admitted to the intensive care unit for further management, where she continued to improve and was ultimately discharged in a relatively stable condition.Conclusion This case study highlights the importance of considering rare and atypical presentations of medical conditions, particularly in elderly patients who may have multiple comorbidities. Early recognition and prompt management of such cases are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Perceptions and drivers of healthcare provider and drug dispenser practices for the case management of malaria in pregnancy in the context of multiple first-line therapies in western Kenya: a qualitative study
Authors: Osoro Caroline Bonareri , Dellicour Stephanie , Ochodo Eleanor , Young Taryn , Kuile Feiko O. ter , Gutman Julie R. , Hill Jenny
Published: April 2023

Background Emergence of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to artemether-lumefantrine in Africa prompted the pilot introduction of multiple first-line therapies (MFT) against malaria in Kenya, potentially exposing women-of-childbearing-age (WOCBAs) to antimalarials with unknown safety profiles in the first trimester. We undertook a qualitative study to explore knowledge and perceptions among healthcare providers providing malaria treatment to WOCBAs and pregnant women.Methods In-depth interviews were conducted with purposively selected public and private health facility (HF) and drug outlet (DO) providers within and outside the pilot-MFT area. County health managers were interviewed about their knowledge of the national treatment guidelines. Transcripts were coded by content analysis using the WHO health system building blocks (leadership/governance, financing, health workforce, health information systems, access to medicines, and service delivery).Results Thirty providers (HF:21, DO:9) and three health managers were interviewed. Eighteen providers were from HFs in the pilot-MFT area; the remaining three and all nine DOs were outside the pilot-MFT area. The analysis revealed that providers had not been trained in malaria case management in the previous twelve months. DO providers were unfamiliar with national treatment guidelines in pregnancy and reported having no pregnancy tests. Health managers were unable to supervise DOs due to resource limitations. Providers from HFs and DOs noted poor sensitivity of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and hesitancy among patients who associated malaria-RDTs with HIV testing. Almost all providers reported antimalarial stock-outs, with quinine most affected. Patient preference was a major factor in prescribing antimalarials. Providers in HFs and DOs reported preferentially using artemether-lumefantrine in the first trimester due to the side effects and unavailability of quinine.Conclusion Knowledge of malaria case management in drug outlets and health facilities remains poor. Improved regulation of DO providers is warranted. Optimising treatment of malaria in pregnancy requires training, availability of malaria commodities, and pregnancy tests.
Integrating Climate Consequences from Flood Risk into Future Population Projections
Authors: Shu Evelyn , Porter Jeremy , Hauer Mathew , Olascoaga Sebastian Sandoval , Gourevitch Jesse , Wilson Bradley , Pope Mariah , Melecio-Vazquez David , Kearns Edward
Published: April 2023

Population exposure to flood risk has been linked to property value decreases, negative health/well-being consequences, and both short and long term population displacement resulting in shifts in population size and composition. To date, research in this area has examined this issue on a case-by-case basis, or at a level that generally hides the observed patterns associated with population shifts within housing markets. Using historic flood exposure and current flood risk data, we identify relationships between exposure to flood risk and population change. Using those observed relationships, in conjunction with future climate adjusted population projections, we forecast future population levels and changes to the underlying population in 2055. We find that declines in population size are associated with exposure to flood risk, particularly in areas with high climate vulnerability. Specifically, several high risk locations have already begun to see population responses to flood exposure and are forecast to have uneven growth directly related to future risk. These locations include some of the most populated areas in the US, including the states of Florida, Texas and California. We also find that population growth rates in communities that are exposed to high frequency flooding (5 and 20 year return period risk) are 2-7% lower than baseline. This finding is exacerbated in areas at disproportionate risk of the most frequent flooding where growth is expected to reverse and decline over the next 30 years.
Effects of extracorporeal circulation with different time on platelet count after cardiac surgery: A retrospective study based on medical records
Authors: Wang Na , Li Jiabei , Zeng Sisi , Wan Jixiang , Li Xuechao , Wang Fangjun
Published: April 2023

Background
Our objective was to observe the effects of extracorporeal circulation (ECC) with different time on platelet count in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Methods
A total of 427 patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery under ECC in affiliated hospital of north Sichuan medical college from January 1, 2018 to July 31, 2021 were divided into three groups according to ECC time. Their data were collected from the Do care and electronic medical record information system. All authors confirm that all methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.
Results
At the end of operation, platelet count was significantly lower in group C than in group A (p< 0.05); on the first day after operation, platelet count was significantly higher in groups A and B than in group C (p< 0.05); compared with group A, platelet count on the second day and the fifth day after operation were significantly lower in groups B and C (p< 0.05). The mean platelet volume (MPV) was significantly reduced at the end of operation in each group (p< 0.05). The absolute monocyte count at the end of operation was significantly higher in group C than in groups A and B (p< 0.05). The volume of blood loss and plasma transfusion were significantly lower in group A than in groups B and C (p< 0.05).
Conclusion
Platelet count in patients undergoing cardiac surgery after ECC was reduced significantly, which was more serious with the extension of ECC time. The recovery level and speed of platelet count in patients with long ECC time were lower than those with short ECC time.
Asymmetric two-dimensional ferroelectric transistor with anti- ambipolar transport characteristics
Authors: Zhao Yilin , Chi Mengshuang , Liu Jitao , Zhai Junyi
Published: April 2023

Two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectric transistors hold unique properties and positions, especially talking about low-power memories, in-memory computing, and multifunctional logic devices. To achieve better functions, appropriate design of new device structures and material combinations is necessary. We present an asymmetric 2D heterostructure integrating MoTe2, h-BN, and CuInP2S6 as a ferroelectric transistor, which exhibits an unusual property of anti-ambipolar transport characteristic under both positive and negative drain biases. Our results demonstrate that the anti-ambipolar behavior can be modulated by external electric field, achieving a peak-to-valley ratio up to 103. We also provide a comprehensive explanation for the occurrence and modulation of the anti-ambipolar peak based on a model describing linked lateral-and-vertical charge behaviors. Our findings provide insights for designing and constructing anti-ambipolar transistors and other 2D devices with significant potential for future applications.
The Significance of Monocyte Infiltration in the Immune Microenvironment for the Prognosis and Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Yao Wenchao , Liu Xuxu , Liu Tianming , Zheng Yi , Meng Ziang , Hao Yifei , Han Jinzuo , Wang Qiang , Lv Zhenyi , Xue Dongbo , Li Zhituo , Zhang Yingmei
Published: April 2023

Background A large number of studies have confirmed that immunotherapy of tumor immune microenvironment is one of the important treatment methods. In pancreatic cancer, monocytes play an important role in poor prognosis, but the mechanism and prognosis prediction methods are unclear.Methods CIBERSORT was used to identify cellular immune score and evaluate the effect of each immune cell on prognosis. The gene modules related to monocytes were obtained by weighted correlation network analysis through WGCNA package. Consensus clustering was used to screen out prognostic genes. The regression signature was generated by LASSO Cox analysis, and its reliability was verified by univariate and multivariate Cox analysis. The ssGSEA and TIDE algorithms were used to predict immune status and sensitivity to immune checkpoint blockade (ICBs) in tumor microenvironment. Finally, the expression levels of each gene in the signature were verified at tissue level and single cell level.Results High infiltration of monocytes suggests poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer. After WGCNA analysis and cluster typing, 262 genes were significantly differentially expressed and prognostic. The 6 gene (MET, ITGB6, CEP55, NUSAP1, MYEOV, LY6D) prognostic signature was established by LASSO Cox analysis. It was verified to be an independent prognostic factor for pancreatic cancer. The high-risk group had high infiltration of monocytes in the immune microenvironment and was more sensitive to ICBs. At the tissue level, all 6 genes were highly expressed in cancer tissues. At the single-cell level, MET and MYEOV were significantly higher in malignant cells and lower in monocytes.Conclusions High infiltration of monocytes affects the poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer, suggesting that the immune microenvironment has a certain research prospect for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. The monocyte-related genes signature can accurately assess the prognostic risk of pancreatic cancer.
Comparing Simple Interrupted vs. Continuous Fascial Closure Methods in Elective Midline Laparotomy, a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Alamdari Nasser Malekpour , Shams Faezeh , Hajimirzaie Seyed Hossein , Besharat Sara , Fathi Mohammad , Farsi Yeganeh , Abbasi Maryam
Published: April 2023

Background As a common complication of midline laparotomy, Incisional hernia (IH) imposes an additional cost on the healthcare system. The wound closure method has been considered one of the most critical risk factors for IH.Methods This randomized clinical trial was conducted on elective laparotomy patients between January 2018 and January 2019. All the patients were randomly allocated to two simple interrupted and continuous suture groups. All the surgeries were performed by a single surgeon and used PDS sutures. Demographic information and data on CBC, abdominal ultrasonography reports, and dehiscence or hernia were recorded in a pre-designed checklist. Patients were followed up for one year regarding surgery site pain and infection and the incidence of incisional hernia or fascia dehiscence.Results We analyzed 56 male and 34 female patients with a mean age of 49.53 ± 14.58 in two simple interrupted and continuous suture groups. After a one-year follow-up, 12 (26.6%) patients in simple interrupted and 9(20%) patients in the continuous suture group developed incisional hernia (p = 0.455). In addition, 5 (11.1%) patients in the simple and 3 (6.6%) patients in the continuous suture group had fascial dehiscence (p = 0.459). After the operation, 4(8.8%) patients in the simple and 3 (6.6%) patients in the continuous group developed wound infection (p = 0.694). In addition, there was no significant difference between the two groups on the pain scale following surgery (p = 0.262).Conclusions There are no significant differences between simple interrupted and continuous laparotomy incision closure methods regarding incisional hernia, fascial dehiscence, wound infections, and pain scale.
The meaning of the recovery process and its stages for people admitted to the mental health day hospital: a qualitative study
Authors: Ventosa-Ruiz Ana , Moreno-Poyato Antonio R. , Lluch-Canut Teresa , Feria-Raposo Isabel , Puig-Llobet Montserrat
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThis study sought to explore the meaning of the recovery process and its stages from the perspective of people attending mental health day hospitals.MethodsA descriptive exploratory qualitative study was carried out. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with people admitted to a mental health day hospital. The data were analysed deductively by means of content analysis.ResultsThe participants described the recovery process as a process based on three pillars; the attitude towards recovery, hardship, and the effort required throughout the process. Regarding the stages of recovery, for the participants in the first stage of the process (Moratorium) the search for hope was the most important element. In the second stage (Awareness), the reestablishment of their identity, through the acceptance of the consequences derived from the mental health disorder, together with being able to feel full and fulfilled, were the most outstanding elements. In the third stage (Preparation), participants highlighted the search for meaning in life, facing their fears and the process with an open mind. Finally, the last two stages (Rebuilding and Growth) were related to taking responsibility and empowerment for recovery.ConclusionsThe results of this study provide insight into the perception of the recovery process and its stages in people admitted to mental health day hospitals. These findings may contribute to aligning the nurse-patient perspective, helping nurses to understand the key elements of patients according to their stage of recovery, and thus be able to subsequently individualise interventions.
A retrospective study on improving the accuracy of radiotherapy for breast cancer patients with lymph node metastasis using Styrofoam
Authors: Jie Li , Yang# Lin , Yao Xiaowei , Xu Linlin , Zhao Lina , Bai Fei
Published: April 2023

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the accuracy of radiotherapy using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), Styrofoam fixation, and breast bracket fixation in the chest wall target area and supraclavicular lymphatic drainage area (supraclavicular target area) of breast cancer patients.
Methods: A total of 65 patients with postoperative lymphatic metastasis of breast cancer, including 36 cases of Styrofoam fixation and 29 cases of breast bracket fixation, were recruited from March 2021 to August 2022. All the patients underwent CBCT scans weekly, and the set-up errors of the chest wall and supraclavicular target volume were compared and recorded. The planning target volume (PTV) margins of the two groups were calculated using the correlation MPTV = 2.5Σ+0.7σ. The set-up time and comfort satisfaction scores of the two groups were recorded and analyzed. The correlations among errors in each direction were analyzed using the Pearson correlation analysis.
Results: in the left-right direction (X) axis of the chest wall target area between the Styrofoam and breast bracket groups (1.59±1.47mm vs. 2.05±1.64mm, P = 0.012). Two groups compare in the ventrodorsal direction (Z) and bed angle of the supraclavicular target area, the data were (1.36±1.27mm vs 1.75 ±1.55mm,P=0.046;0.47±0.47°vs0.66±0.59°,P=0.006).The PTV margins of the two groups in the three directions of the chest wall target area. The Styrofoam groups were 5.01mm, 5.99mm, and 5.47mm and the breast bracket groups were 6.10mm, 6.34mm, and 6.10mm in the X, Y, and Z directions, respectively. the PTV margins of the supraclavicular target in the three directions. The Styrofoam groups were 3.69mm, 3.86 mm, and 4.28mm and The breast bracket groups were 3.99mm, 3.72 mm, and 5.45mm, respectively. The set-up time of the two groups was 3.4±1.1min and 5.5±3.1min(P=0.007). The subjective comfort satisfaction scores of the two groups were 27.50±1.24 and 25.44±1.23 (P <0.001).
Conclusions: The application of Styrofoam fixation in radiotherapy of breast cancer in the supraclavicular lymph node area has several advantages as compared to breast bracket fixation, including higher positioning accuracy, smaller external expansion boundary, improved work efficiency, and patients’ comfort, which might provide a reference for clinical work.
Research on Prediction and Compensation Strategy of Milling Deformation Error of Aitanium Alloy Integral Blisk Blade
Authors: Li Xiang , Gong Yadong , Ding Mingxiang , Sun Yao , Zhao Jibin , Zhao Yuan , Song Fei
Published: April 2023

Integral blisk blades are typical complex curved structures with small thickness, low stiffness, and complex boundaries. Due to the high material removal rate during the machining process, they are prone to force induced deformation, resulting in significant machining errors. This seriously contradicts the requirements for high design accuracy and surface accuracy in the aerospace industry. Therefore, accurately predicting the distribution pattern of deformation caused by dynamic milling forces during the machining process and proposing reasonable error compensation strategies are urgent issues to be solved in the manufacturing of integral blisk blade. Firstly, this paper establishes a dual flexible force induced deformation calculation model for tool-workpiece coupling based on the analytical-finite element method, and obtains the deformation distribution law of the integral blisk blade machining process according to the principle of static equivalence. Then, based on the finite element deformation prediction model of blades, the selection of blade milling processing methods and parameters was completed with the goal of minimizing machining deformation. Finally, based on the mirror image compensation theory, a reverse reconstruction geometric modelling compensation method is proposed, which uses the blade deformation compensation calculated multiple times to reconstruct the blade contour model, and uses the tool path program containing the deformation error compensation amount is regenerated. The prediction model of blade deformation distribution and the proposed compensation strategy of reverse reconstruction geometric modeling are verified by the milling experiment and profile accuracy measurement experiment of a certain aeroengine integral blisk blade. The results showed that the predicted results were in good agreement with the experimental results, with an average error of 7.96%; The new compensation strategy proposed in this article can significantly reduce the cutting error generated during the machining process and control the error within the designed tolerance range. This study provides theoretical basis and technical support for the large-scale application of virtual digital manufacturing technology to control the deformation of complex thin-walled workpiece during milling in the future.
Effect of bone cement sealing of the intramedullary femoral canal on coagulation status after total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective thromboelastography study
Authors: Chen Jiahao , Wang Hu , Zhang Qiang , Sun Yingjin , Liu Ning , jianning Sun , Feng Shuo
Published: April 2023

Background: The main objective of this study was to investigate whether the use of bone cement in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has an effect on postoperative coagulation status and bleeding
METHODS: 148 patients who underwent unilateral TKA between September 2019 and February 2023 were collected and divided into Bone and Cement&Bone groups according to whether bone cement was used to seal the bone medullary canal intraoperatively. Routine blood and thromboelastography(TEG) examinations were performed on the day before, the first day and the seventh day after surgery; postoperative bleeding, drainage, transfusion rate and the number of people suffering from deep venous thrombosis (DVT) were recorded.
RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of baseline clinical characteristics before surgery（p>0.05）。In terms of TEG indicators, the CI of the Bone&Cement group was lower than that of the Bone group on the first postoperative day and on the seventh postoperative day (p<0.005). The CI of patients in the Bone group on the first postoperative day was lower than that of the preoperative day (p<0.05); In terms of blood loss, the total blood loss and occult blood loss were lower in the Bone&Cement group than in the Bone group (p< 0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative drainage (p:0.255), transfusion rate (p:0.286) and DVT (p:0.576) between the two groups
CONCLUSION: Blocking the intramedullary canal of the femur with bone cement during TKA improves relative postoperative hypocoagulation and reduces postoperative blood loss, although there is no significant effect on transfusion rates, drainage and DVT, but the use of bone cement is clinically beneficial to patients.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: ChiCTR2100051502, 2021/09/24
An in-person survey of the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical function, functional capacity, cognitive function, and mental health among community-dwelling elderly in Japan from 2016 to 2022
Authors: Fukase Yuko , Kamide Naoto , Sakamoto Miki , Ando Masataka , Ichikura Kanako , Shiba Yoshitaka , Tagaya Hirokuni
Published: April 2023

Background The COVID-19 outbreak might have had several effects on the elderly; however, much of the previous research only included self-report, cross-sectional, and online-survey data in the early stage of the pandemic. We conducted a face-to-face survey before and after the COVID-19 pandemic and investigated the influence of the pandemic on several functions.Methods A total of 8 longitudinal surveys were conducted from 2016 to 2022. Physical function was assessed by weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, skeletal muscle mass index, calf circumference, grip strength, knee extension strength, the 5-times chair stand test, and the timed up & go test. Functional capacity was measured using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology index of competence, cognitive function was measured using the Trail Making Test - A, and mental health was measured using the Geriatric Depression Scale.Results Of a total of 73 participants, 52 (69.9%) were female. The mean age at first participation was 71.82 years (SD = 4.64). The results of the linear mixed model showed that lower-limb muscle strength and body fat percentage of physical function and cognitive function changed significantly before and after the pandemic. Grip strength, functional capacity, and mental health did not change due to the pandemic.Conclusions These functions, which changed before and after the pandemic, might be due to movement restrictions among independent elderly. Although functional capacity did not change, lower-limb muscle strength is important for functional independence. This decline might influence the functional capacity of these individuals in the future.
A study on the difference of physical exercise, manual labor and housework activities among urban and rural elderly population—— Based on CLHLS data
Authors: song keying , zhao zijian
Published: April 2023

This paper analyzes the differences of physical exercise, physical labor and housework activities among the elderly in urban and rural China based on CLHLS data from the 2018 China Aging Health and Longevity Tracking Survey (CLHLS).The results showed that after controlling for population, socioeconomic, lifestyle, self-rated health and external support, there were differences in physical exercise, physical labor and housework participation among the elderly in urban and rural areas (p<0.001).In terms of physical exercise, the urban elderly are more than the rural elderly, in terms of physical labor, the urban elderly are less than the rural elderly, and the urban elderly are less than the rural elderly.Conclusions: After controlling for some important factors, the differences in physical exercise, manual labor and housework activities among the elderly in urban and rural areas are actually smaller than observed.In addition, demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, self-rated health and external support variables could not be ignored to explain the differences in physical exercise, manual labor and household activities among the elderly.Moreover, in the dimensions of physical exercise, physical labor and housework, the effects and mechanisms of different variables are also different.
Cellular senescence contributes to tumor growth mediated by regulatory T cells in B-cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: xu xuanxuan , Li zhixia , Wang zhitao , Zhu fengfeng , Wang jiyu , Wang huiping , Xiong tao , Tang yuanyan , Zhai Zhimin
Published: April 2023

Background B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) is a common malignant tumor of the lymphoid immune system. The pathogenic factors are not clear. In recent years, studies have shown that cellular senescence promotes tumor cell immune escape and leads to tumor progression, but how cellular senescence affects B-NHL has not been determined.
Methods There were 12 patients in this study, including 6 cases of B-NHL and 6 cases of reactive lymph node hyperplasia. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-GAL) staining kit was used for aging staining. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) were detected by flow cytometry. The secreted cytokines were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Next, we induced the Human diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell line (LY8) aging model with different concentrations of Tert-butyl hydroperoxide(tBHP) in vitro, and then cultured with normal human monocytes to detect cellular senescence, Tregs and cytokines.
Results Compared with patients with reactive lymph node hyperplasia, the proportion of senescent cells in patients with B-NHL was significantly increased, accompanied by an increase in Tregs and a variety of pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive cytokines. The aging model of LY8 was induced by different concentrations of tBHP in vitro and co-cultured with normal monocytes. We found that the aging phenomenon was the most obvious in the experimental group with different concentrations of 30μmol/L tBHP, and the levels of related cytokines and Tregs were significantly increased.
Conclusion Cellular senescence and Tregs crosstalk each other, forming a complex tumor microenvironment and promoting the occurrence and development of lymphoma.
Ações de extensão no contexto escolar: promovendo saúde mental para jovens do ensino médio
Authors: FURTADO Dária Maria Paiva , FONTENELES Marcelle Naeli do Nascimento , SOUZA Nilciany Oliveira de , SOUSA Maria Stela Gomes de , ARAGÃO Ana Clara , OLIVEIRA Eliany Nazaré
Published: April 2023

Ao serem consideradas exigências legais nos currículos da graduação, as práticas de extensão universitária foram reconhecidas como importantes fatores de contribuição para a formação acadêmica. Trata-se de relato de experiência acerca das ações realizadas em escola pública de ensino médio no município de Sobral, Ceará. Objetivou-se apresentar a experiência de ações de promoção de saúde mental no contexto escolar. A vivência foi desenvolvida por quatro acadêmicas do curso de enfermagem da Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, como requisito para o Módulo de Vivências de Extensão 1- Juventudes. As práticas foram realizadas com alunos da turma do 1° ano H, em que se contaram com diálogos sobre a importância da juventude, as drogas e a ansiedade, além da explanação acerca do aplicativo SerTão Bom. Os resultados obtidos possibilitaram entender as carências dos jovens participantes sobre os assuntos abordados. Por fim, destacou-se a relevância dessas interações com o público adolescente.
The nexus between corporate governance, asset structure, and value of listed firms: evidence from Kenya
Authors: Nkonge Habakkuk Barine , Samuel Nduati Kariuki , Peter Wang’ombe Kariuki
Published: April 2023

Shareholders of listed firms are guaranteed reasonable security prices due to enhanced firm value, which translates to global wealth creation. However, firms’ value has declined globally. Therefore, this paper uses a causal-comparative design and panel data regression model to explore the nexus between corporate governance, asset structure, and value of Kenyan-listed firms from 2010 to 2019. Secondary data were extricated from audited financial reports of 51 firms. As hypothesized, the results show a positive relationship between board composition and firm value with a regression coefficient (0.17, p < .05). The composition of the audit committee is positively associated with firm value with a regression coefficient of (0.629, p < .05). A tangible and notable correlation exists between protecting shareholders’ rights and firm value with a regression coefficient of (0.28, p < .05), while financial disclosure was significant with a regression coefficient of (1.15, p < .05). Plant, property and equipment positively and significantly affect firm value with a regression coefficient of (2.10, p < .05), while financial assets had (0.28, p < .05), which was significant. Current assets positively and significantly affect firm value with a regression coefficient of (1.87, p < .05). Finally, the results reveal a positive but insignificant correlation between firm size and value with a regression coefficient of (0.22, p < .05), while the relationship between firm age and value is negative but insignificant with a regression coefficient of (–0.003, p < .05). The study recommends that sufficient managerial effort be directed towards corporate governance and asset structure to maximize shareholder value.
Patient Safety: A Systematic Review of the Literature with Evidence based Measures to Improve Patient Safety in Healthcare Settings
Authors: Lungu Daniel
Published: April 2023

Patient safety is a crucial component of healthcare delivery aimed at minimizing and preventing medical errors that can cause harm or injury to patients. This systematic review identified 50 studies that evaluated interventions aimed at improving patient safety in healthcare settings, including medication reconciliation, surgical safety checklists, hand hygiene programs, and electronic health record systems. The findings suggest that most interventions led to significant improvements in patient safety outcomes, including a reduction in adverse events and preventable harm. Evidence-based measures to improve patient safety include effective communication, hand hygiene, medication safety, patient identification, fall prevention, surgical safety, infection control, and staff training. The implementation of these measures can help improve patient safety and reduce the risk of harm to patients in healthcare settings. Further research is needed to identify the most effective interventions and to evaluate the long-term impact of these interventions on patient outcomes. Keywords: Adverse events, Interventions, Medical errors, Patient safety, Preventable harm.
Dental Pulp Stem Cells in Regenerative Therapy
Authors: Maganur Prabhadevi
Published: April 2023

Stem cells, also known as progenitor/precursor cells, have the unique trait of self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation. Dental stem cells (DSCs) are holding a pivotal role during recent times as they thrive as the cornerstone for the development of cell transplantation therapies that correct periodontal disorders and damaged dentin. DSCs are used therapeutically for different organ systems and numerous diseases, including neurological disorders, diabetes, liver disease, bone tissue engineering, and dentistry. In dentistry, the focus is on predominantly regenerating the pulp and damaged dentin, repairing perforations, and periodontal regenerations. Above all, whole tooth regeneration has been constantly under research. The next decade could be a crucial junction where huge leaps in stem cell-based regenerative therapies could become a reality with successful tissue engineering therapies this could be a biological alternative to synthetic materials that are in use currently. But dental stem cells have their share of challenges for which the research must happen effectively adhering to social responsibilities at all levels. Keywords: Stem cells, Regeneration, Regenerative therapy, SHED.
Prevalence of Hypertension among HIV/AIDS Patients Attending a Tertiary Hospital in North-East Nigeria
Authors: Stephen Roland I
Published: April 2023

The HIV disease and its several antiviral agents have over the years been showing some associations with hypertension. While the HIV programme in sub sub-Saharan Africa including Nigeria, which is largely donor driven, focuses on the provision of HIV care only, the evolving trend of hypertension in this population goes unrecognised and neglected. The objective of the study was to establish the burden of hypertension in the HIV population as an evolving unrecognised comorbidity calling for attention. The variables of age, marital status and ethnicity were evaluated and appear to have some bearings with hypertension. This was a retrospective, descriptive study conducted at Modibbo Adama University Teaching Hospital, Yola, Adamawa Nigeria through a review of past medical records of HIV patients attending the infectious disease clinic during a 10-year period. The retrieved data were entered into and analysed using the IBM SPSS version 20.0 statistical software. Prevalence was expressed in percentage. Bivariate analysis was performed using the Chi-square test for association between socio demographics and hypertension status. A value of p < 0.05 was considered significant Twenty-two per cent (22.1%) of the study population were found to be hypertensive. Older age, marital status and ethnicity were found to be significantly associated with hypertension among the HIV population (p<0.001). This finding draws attention to the high burden of hypertension among people living with HIV/AIDS. Health policy makers and other stakeholders should therefore design and implement a wholistic HIV programme that incorporates care for non-communicable diseases such as hypertension. Keywords: Hypertension, HIV, prevalence.
Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları ve Hayatın Anlamı İlişkisi: Dindarlık Yöneliminin Aracı Rolü
Authors: KIRAÇ Ferdi
Published: April 2023

Çocukluk çağı travmalarının dindarlık yönelimi üzerindeki etkisini ele alan araştırmaların çok sınırlı olduğu ve tüm dindarlık yönelimi boyutlarını ele almadıkları görülmektedir. Oysa dindarlık yönelimlerinin her boyutunu araştırmaya dahil etmek, travmatik deneyimler sonucu ortaya çıkan birbirinden farklı dinsel tutumları anlamak açısından önem arz etmektedir. Ayrıca, ilgili alanyazında, çocukluk çağı travmalarının hayatın anlamı üzerine etkisinde dindarlık yöneliminin aracı rolünü inceleyen araştırmalara rastlanmamıştır. Bu nedenle, bu araştırmada, çocukluk çağı travmaları ile hayatın anlamı arasındaki ilişkide dindarlık yöneliminin (dışadönük, içedönük, arayış, fundamentalist) aracı rolü incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, online anket yöntemi kullanılarak 421 Müslüman katılımcıya ulaşılmıştır. Uygunluk örnekleme yöntemi ile erişim sağlanan katılımcılara Çocukluk Çağı Travma Ölçeği-Kısa Formu, Hayatın Amacı Ölçeği ve Müslüman Dini Yönelim Ölçeği-Gözden Geçirilmiş uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri, IBM SPSS 22, PROCESS v3.5 macro uzantısı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, çocukluk çağı travmalarının hayatın anlamı düzeyini olumsuz yönde anlamlı olarak yordadığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca, çocukluk çağı travmalarının, dindarlık yönelimlerinden içedönük dindarlık yönelimini olumsuz yönde anlamlı, arayış dindarlık yönelimini ise olumlu yönde anlamlı olarak yordadığı gözlenmiştir. Çocukluk çağı travmaları ile dışadönük dindarlık yönelimi ve fundamentalist dindarlık yönelimi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki gözlenmemiştir. Paralel çoklu aracılık analizi ise, çocukluk çağı travmalarının hayatın anlamı düzeyini olumsuz yönde etkilediğini, bu etkinin bir kısmının düşük içedönük dindarlık yönelimi ve yüksek arayış dindarlık yönelimi aracılığı ile gerçekleştiğini göstermiştir. Bulgular ışığında, çocukluk çağı travmalarının bireyin dindarlığının her boyutunu etkilemediği, tanrıya içten bağlanma tutumuna zarar verip, dine karşı daha sorgulayıcı bir tutumu artırarak anlamsızlık duygusuna neden olabileceği çıkarımı yapılmıştır.