bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound for Infants at Risk for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
Authors: LeBa Thu-Ba , Carmichael Kelly D. , Patton Andrew G. , Morris Randal P. , Swischuk Leonard E.
Published: August 2015

The best screening method for developmental dysplasia of the hip is controversial. Ultrasonography is sensitive, but cost-effectiveness may limit its use. This study assessed whether ultrasound screening would increase in effectiveness if targeted toward infants with established risk factors for developmental dysplasia of the hip and normal findings on physical examination. All ultrasound scans performed at the authors’ institution from January 2007 through January 2011 to screen for developmental dysplasia of the hip were reviewed. Infants with risk factors for developmental dysplasia of the hip and normal findings on physical examination by orthopedic faculty or a pediatrician were selected. Of the 530 cases that were reviewed, 217 had risk factors for developmental dysplasia of the hip and normal findings on physical examination. Mean age of the 217 selected patients was 6.9 weeks. Of the patients, 83% were female, 77% had breech presentation, 30% were firstborn children, 13% had intrauterine packaging abnormalities, and 3% had a family history of developmental dysplasia of the hip. Of the 217 infants, 44 had 1 risk factor, 121 had 2 risk factors, 46 had 3 risk factors, and 6 had 4 risk factors. Dynamic ultrasound evaluation showed instability in 17 patients, for a 7.8% incidence of developmental dysplasia of the hip. All 17 patients were treated with a Pavlik harness. The results suggested that selective ultrasound screening may be effective in infants with risk factors and normal findings on physical examination. Selective ultrasound screening changed treatment management in almost 8% of patients and clinical follow-up in 6.5%. Analysis of the cost-effectiveness of screening is needed. [
Orthopedics.
2015; 38(8):e722–e726.]
Reading the Song of Songs through a spiritual direction lens
Authors: Lam Judy E.
Published: August 2015

Research on the use of the Song of Songs in spiritual direction is rare; yet, the Song of Songs (or Canticle of Canticles) is a highly conducive case as it provides in nuce the poetics, lyrics, erotics, and aesthetics of human and divine love which is found nowhere else in Scripture. This article draws on these unique features, integrates the biblical and the experiential, and offers a poetics-praxis paradigm for use in contemporary spiritual praxis. With the poem’s metaphorical vineyard (a figurative term for the beloved herself) serving as hermeneutical key, the beloved’s experience of love is interpreted through a multifaceted reading that is intrinsic to the poem, namely: eros [yearning]; mythos [searching]; mustikos [finding]; and kosmos [birthing]. In following the inner dynamism and dramatic tensions across the eight chapters of the Song, the fourfold reading traces the beloved’s transformation from a neglected vineyard (Can 1:6) to a generative vineyard (Can 8:12). The article concludes that transformation in love is a journey from depletion (the giving away of self) towards deification (the giving of self in love), and suggests tending one’s own vineyard as a living testament to divine love and a living sacrament in the world.
Nurses’ compliance with prevention of mother-to-child transmission national guidelines in selected sites in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Amboko Augustin R.M. , Brysiewicz Petra
Published: August 2015

Background: The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) implemented a prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV infection programme in maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) services in 2001 with nurses as key personnel. To date there is no informationin the DRC and specifically in Kinshasa with respect to compliance with PMTCT national guidelines.Aim: The study aimed at describing nurses’ compliance with the PMTCT national guidelines in selected PMTCT sites of Kinshasa.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Kinshasa with 76 nurses in 18 selected PMTCT sites. The nurses’ compliance with PMTCT national guidelines was assessed using a healthcare provider self-reporting questionnaire developed by the researchers.Results: The study showed that the mean score of nurses’ compliance with PMTCT nationalg uidelines was 74% (95% CI: 69% – 78%) which progressively decreased and was significantly different across different MNCH services (p = 0.025). With respect to categories of PMTCT recommendations, nurses were compliant with those related to education in labour and delivery, and antenatal services. Sociodemographic characteristics such as training, length of service and category of nurses did not influence nurses’ compliance score.Conclusion: These findings showed that nurses were noncompliant with PMTCT national guidelines, with the score level being 80% or more in the three MNCH services/units. Improvement of nurses’ ‘compliance with the PMTCT national guidelines requires effective monitoring of full integration of PMTCT as routine activities in MNCH care.
Merkel cell carcinoma presenting as malignant ascites: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Policarpio-Nicolas Maria Luisa C. , Avery Diane L. , Hartley Taylor
Published: August 2015

The most common site of metastasis to ascitic fluid in females is from a mullerian (ovarian) primary, whereas in males it is from the gastrointestinal tract. Metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) to the ascitic fluid is extremely rare and may present as a diagnostic challenge on effusion cytology. In a review of the literature, there are only two case reports of metastatic MCC in pleural effusion. To the best of our knowledge, we present the first cytological diagnosis of MCC metastatic to the ascitic fluid. We describe the cytologic findings as well as the immunohistochemical stains supportive of the diagnosis. Given the fatal prognosis of this tumor compared to melanoma and rarity of its occurrence in ascitic fluid, awareness of this tumor and use of immunohistochemical stains are critical in arriving at the diagnosis.
Attention and executive functions in microsurgically treated patients after subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Koso Maida , Dizdarevic Kemal
Published: August 2015

Objectives: This research aimed to assess attention and executive functions in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients. Methods: The prospective, controlled, longitudinal study was conducted. There were two groups of patients (SAH and lumbar microdiscectomy groups), and all of them were operated on by a single neurosurgeon (KD) in the same institution. Preoperatively, SAH patients were in the Hunt-Hess Grade I and II. They did not develop any focal neurological deficit or hydrocephalus postoperatively. The patients were tested in 2-time points: 15 and 45 days after microsurgery with a battery of tests and questioners consisting of the Trail Making Test, the Sustained Attention to Response Task, the Hayling Sentence Completion Test, The Attention/Concentration test of Attention, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (verbal part). Results between groups were compared (sex, age; years of education and verbal IQ). Results: It was found the presence of lower attention and executive function test scores in the SAH group of patients with a trend of improving during the time. Conclusion: The detailed neuropsychological assessment of operated patients who sustained SAH and were without the focal neurological deficit postoperatively, showed declination in their attention and executive function with a trend of cognitive recovery as time passes by.
Multiple glioblastomas: Are they different from their solitary counterparts?
Authors: Singh Gajendra , Mehrotra Anant , Sardhara Jayesh , Das Kuntal , Jamdar Janmejay , Pal Lily , Srivastava Arun , Sahu Rabi , Jaiswal Awadhesh , Behari Sanjay
Published: August 2015

Context: Multiple glioblastomas (GBMs) have a reported incidence of 2-20%. Aims: We intend to study these subsets of GBMs to know whether these are similar to their solitary counterparts. Setting and Design: A retrospective study. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 7 cases of biopsy-proven multiple GBMs. Multiple GBMs were described if there were >1 lesion which was at least 1 cm apart. The clinical data, radiological features, histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis and follow-up were recorded. Results: The mean age was 45 years (range 17-69 years). All cases presented with features of raised intracranial pressure (ICP). Totally, 3 cases presented with hemiparesis and 2 cases with altered sensorium and generalized tonic clonic seizures each. The median Karnofsky performance status (KPS) was 50. Mean duration of symptoms was 40 days. All lesions were contrast enhancing (2 with homogenous enhancement and 5 had ring enhancement). Total excision of the lesion causing mass effect was done in all cases. Histopathologically, small cells were significantly present in 4 cases, and satellitosis was seen in 5 cases. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was absent in all cases in which small cells were significant. In these 4 cases, the proliferation index ranged from 40% to 95%. Totally, 3 patients died within 2 months of surgery, whereas remaining 4 patients underwent chemo-radiotherapy. Conclusions: We conclude that the cases usually present with features of raised ICP and poor KPS. Histopathologically these lesions show significant small cell population, satellitosis, and GFAP negativity.
Ruptured concomitant dermoid cysts of conus medullaris and cervico medullary junction
Authors: Rajendran Adhithyan , Sathyanathan Babupeter , Krishnamoorthy Vanitha , Perumal Balaji , Srihari Iyengaran
Published: August 2015

Cranio spinal dermoid tumors are rare, benign, slow growing congenital, cystic uni or multi locular tumors, which arise from the inclusion of epithelial tissue within the neural grove during embryonic development . [1] In this case report, we present an uncommon presentation, of a case of concomitant dermoid cysts at conus medullaris and cervico medullary junction that ruptured into the central canal.
A rare case of neurofibromatosis - type 1
Authors: Varghese Prithvi , Abdul Jalal Muhammed
Published: August 2015

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), also known as von Recklinghausen disease, is an autosomal dominant familial tumor syndrome. Glioblastoma is a malignant brain tumor but is a rare occurrence in patients with NF1. Here, we report a rare occurrence of glioblastoma in a 60-year-old man with NF1, who presented with headache, neck pain, and gait unsteadiness of 3 days duration. He also had postural hypotension. Motor examination revealed left hemiparesis. Multiple subcutaneous soft swellings and multiple cafι-au-lait spots were seen all over his body. He also had inguinal and axillary freckling. Abdominal imaging revealed a right suprarenal mass suggestive of cystic pheochromocytoma. Brain imaging revealed a predominantly cystic intra-axial right frontal space occupying lesion (SOL) with enhancing solid component, perilesional edema, and mass effect. The patient underwent laparoscopic removal of right adrenal mass after being adequately "blocked" by an alpha blocker-prazosin. Thereafter, he underwent right frontal craniotomy and gross total excision of right frontal infiltrative SOL. The postoperative period was uneventful. Patient underwent adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Políticas e práticas da história escolar no ensino médio do Brasil: a interdisciplinaridade em questão
Authors: Oliveira Margarida Maria Dias de , Stamatto Maria Inês Sucupira , Oliveira Itamar Freitas de
Published: August 2015

A questão da interdisciplinaridade é uma nova e específica demanda que se coloca para a formação de professores. Como, então, efetivá-la nas áreas de História e de Geografia, quando as mesmas são confundidas com os antigos Estudos Sociais? Este texto pretende narrar a introdução da proposta de Estudos Sociais, intermediada pela Escola Nova, e a sua posterior permanência na educação brasileira durante o século XX. Em seguida, apresenta e discute a abordagem da interdisciplinaridade nos documentos que orientam o Ensino Médio no Brasil entre 1998 e 2013. Para tanto, analisa a bibliografia e os documentos oficiais que referenciam a questão e, a partir deles, propõe algumas hipóteses para a tão conflituosa discussão sobre a inserção da interdisciplinaridade na educação básica, embora amplamente defendida na academia.
A progressão do conhecimento histórico na educação básica: dilemas da transição entre os níveis fundamental e médio
Authors: Caimi Flávia Eloisa , Oliveira Sandra Regina Ferreira de
Published: August 2015

O presente estudo parte do pressuposto de que a organização do trabalho escolar, neste caso, a que diz respeito ao ensino-aprendizagem do conhecimento histórico, implica realizar articulações qualificadas entre a epistemologia da ciência de referência e o desenvolvimento das capacidades e habilidades de pensamento dos alunos. Ao considerar que na tarefa de ensinar há que reconhecer tanto a aquisição de conteúdos quanto as capacidades de pensar/aprender, o esforço para garantir a progressão racional do ensino com vistas à complexificação da aprendizagem ganha especial relevância. Na investigação foram elencadas algumas especificidades relacionadas aos processos de ensino-aprendizagem da História no ensino fundamental e médio, tanto do ponto de vista da organização curricular dos conteúdos quanto das capacidades cognitivas do sujeito que aprende, considerando a progressão da complexidade dos conteúdos, conceitos, noções e metodologias. Após revisitar a literatura pertinente e alguns documentos curriculares, a análise ancora-se em duas coleções didáticas de História, uma de cada segmento, no intuito de identificar que decisões são tomadas na organização da proposta histórica e pedagógica e analisar como é entendida/efetivada a progressão do conhecimento histórico entre elas. Os resultados preliminares apontam que são escassas as referências à progressão do conhecimento histórico nos materiais analisados, o que se traduz na dificuldade de apontar o que se almeja como avanços qualitativos para a última etapa da educação básica. De tal forma, o pouco avanço constatado nos documentos quanto aos diferentes potenciais de aprendizagem entre os dois segmentos, não é explicitamente considerado para a composição do livro didático.
Libros de texto en la enseñanza de las Ciencias Sociales: una apuesta a la formación docente
Authors: Massone Marisa , Romero Nancy Edith , Finocchio Silvia
Published: August 2015

Este artículo analiza el papel de los libros de texto en la enseñanza de las Ciencias Sociales. Para ello recurrimos a dos investigaciones doctorales en curso. Una, estudia los deslizamientos entre la cultura del libro y la cultura digital presentes en los textos escolares de Historia y Ciencias Sociales de reciente edición. Metodológicamente se centró en el análisis de un corpus de libros de texto para escuelas primarias de reciente edición. Otra, indaga las prácticas docentes de uso de los mismos y sus significados en la tarea de enseñar en la escuela primaria. Se optó por un estudio de casos de dos escuelas primarias de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires que involucró observaciones no participantes de clases, entrevistas en profundidad a maestros, directores y bibliotecarios y grupos focales de niños. Los primeros avances revelan, por un lado, que los textos escolares profundizan una composición propia del hipertexto; expresan los contenidos a través de un discurso escrito y visual, dando cuenta del empleo de diversos lenguajes. Por otro lado, en relación con las prácticas se constata que el papel del libro en el aula se define por los sentidos que alumnos y docentes le asignan en la dinámica de cada clase combinando elementos inherentes a la cultura escolar: los tiempos, los espacios, los climas, las disciplinas, los objetos. A partir de estos resultados iniciales planteamos una serie de consideraciones para convertir los libros de texto y sus usos en objetos a ser estudiados en el campo de la formación inicial y continua de docentes.
Technical Note: A simple calculation algorithm to separate high-resolution CH4 flux measurements into ebullition and diffusion-derived components
Authors: Hoffmann M. , Schulz-Hanke M. , Garcia Alba J. , Jurisch N. , Hagemann U. , Sachs T. , Sommer M. , Augustin J.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. Processes driving the production, transformation and transport of methane (CH4) in wetland ecosystems are highly complex. Thus, serious challenges are constitutes in terms of the mechanistic process understanding, the identification of potential environmental drivers and the calculation of reliable CH4 emission estimates. We present a simple calculation algorithm to separate open-water CH4 fluxes measured with automatic chambers into diffusion- and ebullition-derived components, which helps facilitating the identification of underlying dynamics and potential environmental drivers. Flux separation is based on ebullition related sudden concentration changes during single measurements. A variable ebullition filter is applied, using the lower and upper quartile and the interquartile range (IQR). Automation of data processing is achieved by using an established R-script, adjusted for the purpose of CH4 flux calculation. The algorithm was tested using flux measurement data (July to September 2013) from a former fen grassland site, converted into a shallow lake as a result of rewetting ebullition and diffusion contributed 46 and 55 %, respectively, to total CH4 emissions, which is comparable to those previously reported by literature. Moreover, the separation algorithm revealed a concealed shift in the diurnal trend of diffusive fluxes throughout the measurement period.
Risiko des Eintrags von Phosphor in den Hallwilersee durch Bodenerosion
Authors: Müller S. , Schaub D.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. An important factor in the release of phosphorus by soil erosion, with corresponding consequences on the quality of surface waters, is the formation of aggregates and their stability. Around the eutrophic Lake Hallwil six arable lands were examined in five repetitions regarding aggregate and particle size distribution, P-contents of the different fractions and aggregate stability. Central to this was the use of the setting column for fractionation of soil samples. In the case of Lake Hallwil the risk of phosphorus discharges by soil erosion seems low since the phosphorus is mainly bound in aggregates which are transported over short distances only. Thus other pathways (runoff from grassland, leaching via drains) may be more important.
DebrisInterMixing-2.3: a Finite Volume solver for three dimensional debris flow simulations based on a single calibration parameter – Part 2: Model validation
Authors: von Boetticher A. , Turowski J. M. , McArdell B. W. , Rickenmann D. , Hürlimann M. , Scheidl C. , Kirchner J. W.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. Here we present the validation of the fluid dynamic solver presented in part one of this work (von Boetticher et al., 2015), simulating laboratory-scale and large-scale debris-flow experiments. The material properties of the experiments, including water content, sand content, clay content and its mineral composition, and gravel content and its friction angle, were known. We show that given these measured properties, a single free model parameter is sufficient for calibration, and a range of experiments with different material compositions can be reproduced by the model without recalibration. The model validation focuses on different case studies illustrating the sensitivity of debris flows to water and clay content, channel curvature, channel roughness and the angle of repose of the gravel. We characterize the accuracy of the model using experimental observations of flow head positions, front velocities, run-out patterns and basal pressures.
Restoration and Rehabilitation of world heritage Site of Chupan Church
Authors: Darvish Rohani S.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. Church of Chupan is located in Jolfa cityin north of Iran and is laid at south side of Arax River. Built of the church traced back to 14th to 15th century and the time when Armenians were inhabited in the region. Chupan church had been inscribed at World Heritage List of UNESCO under no 1262 in 2008, as one of the five churches of “Armenian Monasteries of Azerbaijan province of Iran” dossier. As it is located at a religious and tourism road of Darresham and each year most of Armenian from all over the world visited the church as a part of a religious ceremony, also as the same church on opposite side of the Arax in Republic of Nakhchivan is completely destroyed between 1998-2002 and the church is the only existing evidence of these two couple church, the restoration and rehabilitation of chupan church is very important. Because of very bad statues of structure stability and long-term neglect of the conservation and preservation of the building, restoration and rehabilitation of the church in the earliest was necessary. Restoration of this church was my MA degree thesis and now as a Ph.D student in field of urban design and planning student, I am working on the next step which is to revitalization and rehabilitation of the church.
Survey Guidelines and its Reading Criteria for Monitoring and Transmitting Cultural Heritage Values
Authors: De Masi A.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. The paper describes reading criteria for an analysis and interpretation of material systems in relation to a built space, survey guidelines and its reading criteria for Cultural Heritage (CH) values’monitoring and transmission. In addition, integrated systems of digital technologies and 2D/3D digitization of CH are introduced for an effective and accurate reading of Venice and Milan’s monuments. Specifically, the guidelines for an architectural survey allow to organize and document historic monuments information, and to identify the significant cultural/physical elements of our past in order for them to be preserved and protected for future generations. In addition, in this paper the studied projects introduce a combination of virtual technologies and historical reality with experimenting innovative solutions for CH. From the methodological point of view, this study has made use of the identification of levels of study (LS) differentiated, each of which is capable of identifying categories.
Digital Inventory and Documentation of Korea’s Important Cultural Properties Using 3D Laser Scanning
Authors: Dongseok K. , Gyesoo K. , Siro K. , Eunhwa K.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. As a country with 11 properties included on the World Heritage List and approximately 12,000 important cultural properties, Korea has been continuously carrying out the inventory and documentation of cultural properties to conserve and manage them since the 1960s. The inventory of cultural properties had been carried out by making and managing a register which recorded basic information mainly on state-designated cultural properties such as their size, quantity, and location. The documentation of cultural properties was also carried out by making measured drawings. However, the inventory and documentation done under the previous analog method had a limit to the information it could provide for the effective conservation and management of cultural properties. Moreover, in recent times important cultural properties have frequently been damaged by man-made and natural disasters such as arson, forest fires, and floods, so an alternative was required. Accordingly, Korea actively introduced digital techniques led by the government for the inventory and documentation of important cultural properties. In this process, the government established the concept of a digital set, built a more efficie nt integrated data management system, and created standardized guidelines to maximize the effectiveness of data acquisition, management, and utilization that greatly increased the level of digital inventory, documentation, and archiving.
Management Documentation: Indicators & Good Practice at Cultural Heritage Places
Authors: Eppich R. , Garcia Grinda J. L.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. Documentation for cultural heritage places usually refers to describing the physical attributes, surrounding context, condition or environment; most of the time with images, graphics, maps or digital 3D models in their various forms with supporting textural information. Just as important as this type of information is the documentation of managerial attributes. How do managers of cultural heritage places collect information related to financial or economic well-being? How are data collected over time measured, and what are significant indicators for improvement? What quality of indicator is good enough? Good management of cultural heritage places is essential for conservation longevity, preservation of values and enjoyment by the public. But how is management documented? The paper will describe the research methodology, selection and description of attributes or indicators related to good management practice. It will describe the criteria for indicator selection and why they are important, how and when they are collected, by whom, and the difficulties in obtaining this information. As importantly it will describe how this type of documentation directly contributes to improving conservation practice. Good practice summaries will be presented that highlight this type of documentation including Pamplona and Ávila, Spain and Valletta, Malta. Conclusions are drawn with preliminary recommendations for improvement of this important aspect of documentation. Documentation of this nature is not typical and presents a unique challenge to collect, measure and communicate easily. However, it is an essential category that is often ignored yet absolutely essential in order to conserve cultural heritage places.
A Research of Construction Mechanism of Vassal State’s City Group during Spring and Autumn Period Based on the Analyzation of Geographic Image – Take south region of Shandong as example
Authors: Gao X. , Li B. , Zhou X.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. Spring and Autumn period, the vassal states began to carry out country defense construction actively, brought changes to building the ideological. At that time, the south region of Shandong, as an independent unit of geography, seldom affected by external factors, and had striking cultural characteristics. Vassal states there constructed their capital mainly to defense the neighboring countries and cope with small scale mergers war, not involving the nationwide military deployment. Therefore, the region reflect the construction thought changes during the Spring and Autumn Period, and consistent with the research purpose. Based on this judgment, the author analyzed each capital’s location and terrain feature by topographic map. In brief, the Spring and Autumn Period, feudal states acted of one's own free will, the relationship between cities contained the one within and between vassal states. Within vassal state relationships included economic support, entrenching each other and protecting the country together. Meanwhile, strategic defensing, scrambling for resources and geographical location comprised of the competition between vassal states. In the agrarian age, the political centers and agricultural areas were interdependent, giving priority to the development of political cities. Transformation of capitals’ space layout was actually the process of carving up farming plains, the powerful states occupy favorable geographical position, and the small countries would be encroached and annexed gradually.
Documentation, using GIS techniques in conservation of a World Heritage Site, a case study of "The Old City of Jerusalem"
Authors: Husseini B. , Bali Z.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. Architectural Heritage is a strong witness to a people's history that symbolizes their identity. The Old city of Jerusalem, and as a UNESCO world heritage site 1 is a living city especially with its great wealth of historic structures, including places of worships for the three monotheistic religions, significant monuments, and whole historical residential neighbourhoods, Figure 1. In spite of the prevailing political conditions, difficulties that Palestinians encounter in Jerusalem, and the demands of the modern life and ever-growing population, several attempts had been stimulated to protect this Heritage. A specialized program (Old City of Jerusalem Revitalization Program – OCJRP) has been working since 1994. The program was established by the Welfare Association2 to help protect Jerusalem's cultural heritage applying international conventions and the highest professional standards for the direct benefit of residents, building users and visitors to the Old City as well as for future generations. This paper aims to describe the various activities and main findings carried out by the Technical Office of OCJRP – in the last twenty years as well as stressing on problems encountered by the team. It will rely on the team experience accumulated during the implementation of the projects, the research, surveys and studies undertaken by the team who helped in the creation of the database and its ongoing process.
Application of Structure from Mortion in Japanese Archaeology
Authors: Kaneda A. , Nawabi Y.A. , Yamaguchi H.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. In Japan, archaeological excavations carry out over fifty thousand times per year. Nowadays, archaeological data is accumulated day by day. To record these documentation about archaeological data, it is desirable to the documentation of their shape in 3-dimensional form. Structure from Motion (SfM) is the one of the cost effective method to record the 3D documentation. This paper introduces application of SfM technology to examine the validity of an archaeological documentation in Japanese archaeology in recent year. Whenever, a complicated form finding has to be recorded at an archaeological excavation. It often requires a long time to create by a traditional manual drawing. For example, a well made of reuse roof tiles, garden stones and stone chamber. By using SfM, the time spent working at the archaeological site was greatly reduced. And many platforms to take an image at the variety of archaeological site's condition, like a small UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) are tested using for wider area recording. These methods are used in disaster stricken areas in East Japan.
Application of geophysical methods for monitoring of surface and subsurface changes of origin archaeological terrains &ndahs; case studies of sites in the Czech Republic
Authors: Křivánek R.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. Geophysical methods could be used in wider scale for monitoring of changes of different archaeological terrains and types of archaeological situations. Agriculture, afforestation or other changes of land use play important role in real preservation of surface and subsurface and subsoil archaeological layers. Quality of many prehistoric, early medieval or medieval archaeological sites is rapidly changing during the time. Many of archaeological situations are today preserved only as subsurface remains of archaeological situations and various anthropogenic activities. A substantial part of these activities and their state of preservation can still be also traced by geophysical methods. Four examples from various types of archaeological sites in this paper document different possibilities of applied geophysical methods always dependent on state of archaeological site and conditions of measurements.
Monitoring Mechanism in Preservation of Monuments in Hot and Wet Climate Area
Authors: Lee M.C. , Tsai Y.L. , Lin M.L. , Hang L.W. , Chen C.Y.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. Historic monuments and buildings are critical cultural assets which cannot be presented by again by human beings. Longer affected by natural climate, environment and biological behavior (including human), resulting in damage and the need for repair. Therefore, UNESCO proposed periodic reporting and reactive monitoring in 2007, in order to achieve “early detection, early repair”. This study discusses about suitable preservation monitoring methods for Taiwan. To shed light on damage and impact factors of historical buildings and cultural relics, the study is based on impact and sensor, monitoring method, monitoring period and maintenance personnel in order to propose standard operating procedures of monitoring method. To reduce the rate of the human and sensor monitoring, with the long-term monitoring data analysis, it is calculated that 30 minutes is the best period of data collecting. Besides, the study is adopted regression analysis to select temperature variable only then calculate humidity variable function. This study provides a reference monitoring method for monitoring personnel and maintenance personnel, and establishes a long-term monitoring data based information for damage and destroy in the future. Monitoring period and maintenance personnel can follow the data based to find out the damage points and problems, to keep the value of cultural assets.
The 21st century Museum Climatic Monitoring System
Authors: Liu W.-S.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. Technology has provided us work convenience and shaped our quality of life; it has enabled an unprecedented level of access to knowledge by flipping screen of a hand-held electronic device without going elsewhere but stay connected wireless communication. This kind of technology has been broadly acquired at museums in Hong Kong for preserving their valuable collections. Similar gadget was applied on the monitoring system to record climatic conditions of museum’s stores and galleries. Sensors have been equipped with chips for the wireless transmission of RH/Temp, without installation of any conduit or LAN lines. Useful and important data will then be grouped into a packet format for efficient delivery. As long as the static IP address of the target workstation has been set, data can be accurately retrieved from one place to another via commercially available browsers, such as: Firefox or Internet Explorer, even on hand-held electronic devices. This paper will discuss the detail of this system, its pros and cons in comparison with the old model. After all, the new technology is highly significant in supporting the current needs and the future developments of the museum service.
Ancient Stone Tidal Weirs in Penghu Archipelago: Distribution, Category, Structure and Function, a Google Earth and GIS Approach
Authors: Luo L. , Wang X. Y. , Liu J. , Guo H. D.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. The aim of this study was to give a comprehensive archaeological investigation for Penghu’s stone tidal weirs (STWs) based on both Google Earth and GIS. Firstly, this study uses GoogleEarth Pro tools to clip a GeoEye-1 image (acquisition date: 22/07/2013) and a WorldView-2 image (acquisition date: 25/01/2014) for Chipei Island and Husi Island, respectively, and save them at a “premium resolution” of 4800 dpi. More, using 15 m panchromatic orthorectified Landsat images as a base, two clips were geo-referenced in ENVI 5.1 with minimal root mean square error. Furthermore, the STWs were manual extracted from the two GoogleEarth images in ArcGIS 10.1. Category and size statistics are presented; construction structure and weir function are discussed. Lastly, by using GIS analyses, STWs characteristics of intertidal flats across Penghu archipelago have been mapped and related to key geographical environmental variables. From spring to summer of 2015 our research team conducted investigations into Penghu’s STWs based on different seasons and time periods of GoogleEarth historic images. Our results showed that, distributed amongst Penghu’s coastline, there are 503 STWs. Compared with the official survey results (around 592 STWs), the counts are similar but the GoogleEarth-based method is more time-saving and efficient.
Documentation of archaeological sites in northern iraq using remote sensing methods
Authors: Matoušková E. , Pavelka K. , Nováček K. , Starková L.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. The MULINEM (The Medieval Urban Landscape in Northeastern Mesopotamia) project is aiming to investigate a Late Sasanian and Islamic urban network in the land of Erbil, historic province of Hidyab (Adiabene) that is located in the northern Iraq. The research of the hierarchical urban network in a defined area belongs to approaches rarely used in the study of the Islamic urbanism. The project focuses on the cluster of urban sites of the 6th–17th centuries A.D. This paper focuses on remote sensing analysis of historical sites with special interest of FORMOSAT-2 data that have been gained through a research announcement: Free FORMOSAT-2 satellite Imagery. Documentation of two archaeological sites (Makhmúr al-Qadima and Kushaf) are introduced. FORMOSAT-2 data results have been compared to historic CORONA satellite data of mentioned historical sites purchased earlier by the University of West Bohemia. Remote sensing methods were completed using in-situ measurements.
HBIM and augmented information: towards a wider user community of image and range-based reconstructions
Authors: Barazzetti L. , Banfi F. , Brumana R. , Oreni D. , Previtali M. , Roncoroni F.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. This paper describes a procedure for the generation of a detailed HBIM which is then turned into a model for mobile apps based on augmented and virtual reality. Starting from laser point clouds, photogrammetric data and additional information, a geometric reconstruction with a high level of detail can be carried out by considering the basic requirements of BIM projects (parametric modelling, object relations, attributes). The work aims at demonstrating that a complex HBIM can be managed in portable devices to extract useful information not only for expert operators, but also towards a wider user community interested in cultural tourism.
The creation of new traditions: Discussion of relationship between architectural rural practice and local features' inheriting from a heritage conservation perspective
Authors: Tian M. , Sun M.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. The traditional features of Chinese villages are facing a crisis of discontinuity. In the meantime, there exists a problem in architectural heritage conservation that while preservation and renovation is being done, local self-help construction still proceeds out of control. Nowadays, an increasing number of architects have noticed these phenomena and participate in the evolution of villages carrying various architectural practices in the countryside, which has certain influence at the place, whether during or after the construction. In many well-evaluated rural practice cases in the world, architects not only choose appropriate materials and crafts for natives, but also renew local traditions by offering skill training to craftsmen. However, in Chinese villages, similar practices do not seem to be that effective. Therefore, through field research and interviews, this article discusses the reasons that relatively successful architectural practices in Chinese villages fail to exert a positive influence to the inheriting and update of local traditions. These causes include the increase of information sources, the different aesthetic manner, the conception differences, the influence of constructors, and the instructor role that architects play.
Ta Keo Temple Reconstruction Based on Terrestrial Laser Scanning Technology
Authors: Xi X. , Wang C. , Wan Y. P. , Khuon K. N.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. Ta Keo temple is one of the very famous temple complex of Angkor Wat in northwestern Cambodia. It has been suffering massive collapse and other serious damages in recent years. Nowadays, Terrestrial Laser Scanning(TLS) technology is considered as a wellestablished resource for heritage documentation and protection (Lerma et al, 2008; Reshetyuk, 2009). This paper used TLS to reconstruct Ta Keo Temple. Firstly, we acquired 71 scanning stations of points cloud data with high density and high accuracy, and over one thousand images with high spatial resolution about the temple. Secondly, the raw points cloud data were denoised, reduced and managed efficiently, and registrated using an adjusted ICP algorithm. Thirdly, a triangulation method was used to model most objects. At last, we mapped the texture data into the digital model and a 3-D model of Ta Keo with high accuracy was achieved. The authors focus on large object reconstruction by TLS technology, and pay much attention to the scanning design, multi-station data and the whole project’s data registration, and texture mapping and so on. The research result will be useful for Ta Keo restoration, reconstruction and protection. Also, it is a good reference source for large complex buildings reconstruction when using terrestrial laser scanning technology.
Matsu Cultural Heritage and Its Conservation in Bohai Rim – Case Study on the Hall of Fujian in Yantai
Authors: Yao S.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. Since the Yuan Dynasty, the belief of Matsu had started to spread from the birthplace to the northern coastal areas in China. Matsu worship developed to the pinnacle with the official promotion on account of the government’s dependence on grain transported by sea since the mid-Qing Dynasty. A large amount of Matsu temples emerged in coastal cities of Bohai Rim where it still keeps a large number of them until now. It has much relationship between the spread of Matsu culture and the flow of Fujian population. It was one of the main building way that the Matsu temples attached to the local hall of Fujian in Bohai Rim. The Hall of Fujian in Yantai, Which was built with materials taken from Fujian, in the feature of traditional architectural style from QuanZhou, is very different from the local building style of Yantai. This case indicates that maritime culture of the south area had spread and developed in the north areas under the promotion of the population flow and the economic transaction. The essay introduces briefly about the development of Matsu culture in Bohai Rim and takes the case study of the Hall of Fujian in Yantai analyzing its causes and features, and the value as Matsu heritage. Then the paper will discuss the conservation of Matsu culture mere include the tangible and the intangible culture heritage around the origin area, the heritages of the spread area also have the same importance significance. With the evolution of the society, it calls urgent attention and protection of Matsu culture in Bohai Rim.
Towards a virtual hub approach for landscape assessment and multimedia ecomuseum using multitemporal-maps
Authors: Brumana R. , Santana Quintero M. , Barazzetti L. , Previtali M. , Banfi F. , Oreni D. , Roels D. , Roncoroni F.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. Landscapes are dynamic entities, stretching and transforming across space and time, and need to be safeguarded as living places for the future, with interaction of human, social and economic dimensions. To have a comprehensive landscape evaluation several open data are needed, each one characterized by its own protocol, service interface, limiting or impeding this way interoperability and their integration. Indeed, nowadays the development of websites targeted to landscape assessment and touristic purposes requires many resources in terms of time, cost and IT skills to be implemented at different scales. For this reason these applications are limited to few cases mainly focusing on worldwide known touristic sites. The capability to spread the development of web-based multimedia virtual museum based on geospatial data relies for the future being on the possibility to discover the needed geo-spatial data through a single point of access in an homogenous way. In this paper the proposed innovative approach may facilitate the access to open data in a homogeneous way by means of specific components (the brokers) performing interoperability actions required to interconnect heterogeneous data sources. In the specific case study here analysed it has been implemented an interface to migrate a geo-swat chart based on local and regional geographic information into an user friendly Google Earth©-based infrastructure, integrating ancient cadastres and modern cartography, accessible by professionals and tourists via web and also via portable devices like tables and smartphones. The general aim of this work on the case study on the Lake of Como (Tremezzina municipality), is to boost the integration of assessment methodologies with digital geo-based technologies of map correlation for the multimedia ecomuseum system accessible via web. The developed WebGIS system integrates multi-scale and multi-temporal maps with different information (cultural, historical, landscape levels) represented by thematic icons allowing to transfer the richness of the landscape value to both tourists and professionals.
3D Scan of Ornamental Column (huabiao) Using Terrestrial LiDAR and Hand-held Imager
Authors: Zhang W. , Wang C. , Xi X.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. In ancient China, Huabiao was a type of ornamental column used to decorate important buildings. We carried out 3D scan of a Huabiao located in Peking University, China. This Huabiao was built no later than 1742. It is carved by white marble, 8 meters in height. Clouds and various postures of dragons are carved on its body. Two instruments were used to acquire the point cloud of this Huabiao, a terrestrial LiDAR (Riegl VZ-1000) and a hand-held imager (Mantis Vision F5). In this paper, the details of the experiment were described, including the differences between these two instruments, such as working principle, spatial resolution, accuracy, instrument dimension and working flow. The point clouds obtained respectively by these two instruments were compared, and the registered point cloud of Huabiao was also presented. These should be of interest and helpful for the research communities of archaeology and heritage.
Integrated knowledge-based tools for documenting and monitoring damages to built heritage
Authors: Cacciotti R.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. The advancements of information technologies as applied to the most diverse fields of science define a breakthrough in the accessibility and processing of data for both expert and non-expert users. Nowadays it is possible to evidence an increasingly relevant research effort in the context of those domains, such as that of cultural heritage protection, in which knowledge mapping and sharing constitute critical prerequisites for accomplishing complex professional tasks. The aim of this paper is to outline the main results and outputs of the MONDIS research project. This project focusses on the development of integrated knowledge-based tools grounded on an ontological representation of the field of heritage conservation. The scope is to overcome the limitations of earlier databases by the application of modern semantic technologies able to integrate, organize and process useful information concerning damages to built heritage objects. In particular MONDIS addresses the need for supporting a diverse range of stakeholders (e.g. administrators, owners and professionals) in the documentation and monitoring of damages to historical constructions and in finding related remedies. The paper concentrates on the presentation of the following integrated knowledgebased components developed within the project: (I) MONDIS mobile application (plus desktop version), (II) MONDIS record explorer, (III) Ontomind profiles, (IV) knowledge matrix and (V) terminology editor. An example of practical application of the MONDIS integrated system is also provided and finally discussed.