bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
¿ESTÁN LOS CLC DE LEISHMANIA ASOCIADOS CON LA ADAPTACIÓN DEL PARÁSITO A CAMBIOS DE pH Y/O DE OSMOLARIDAD?
Authors: Camacho Navarro Marcela , Lozano Yenny
Published: April 2016

Leishmania es un protozoario patógeno, que transita durante su ciclo de vida desde el intestino de su vector hasta un compartimiento
fagolisosomal al interior de su célula hospedera, el macrófago. Durante este recorrido el parásito está expuesto a ambientes que
cambian en temperatura, pH y presumiblemente osmolaridad. Para su supervivencia, Leishmania debe hacer ajustes para adaptarse
y la expresión de canales de cloruro ha sido implicada en estos. Basándose en los antecedentes de nuestro grupo de investigación,
que registró corrientes de cloruro voltaje dependientes luego de la inyección de mRNA de promastigotes de Leishmania en ovocitos de
Xenopues laevis, se postula que éstas son el resultado de la actividad de proteínas CLC. Se mencionan algunas bases moleculares de la
adaptación de este párasito con énfasis en transportadores, regulación de calcio, pH y osmolaridad. Con base en datos del grupo
se argumenta que la osmolaridad de la vacuola parasitófora es alta. Además se da evidencia de la transcripción en promastigotes de
tres genes que codificarían CLC putativos, y se postulan funciones potenciales que llevarían a cabo en los dos estadios del parásito.

 

Abstract

Leishmania is a protozoan pathogen that transits during its lifecycle from the gut of the vector to a phagolysosomal compartment
within its host cell, the macrophage. During this journey, the parasite is exposed to environments that change in temperature, pH
and osmolarity. For their survival, Leishmania must make adjustments to adapt and expression of chloride channels has been involved in these. Based on our research group results: reported voltage-dependent chloride currents after mRNA injection of promastigotes of Leishmania in Xenopus laevis oocytes, it is postulated that these are the result of CLC protein activity. Some molecular bases of adaptation of this parasite are mentioned with emphasis on regulation of calcium, pH and osmolarity. Based on data from our group it is argued that the osmolarity of the parasitophorous vacuole is high. In addition, evidence of the transcription in promastigotes of three genes that encode putative CLC is given and potential functions that take place in the two stages of the parasite are postulated.

 
APLICACIONES DE LA BIOINFORMÁTICA EN LA MEDICINA: EL GENOMA HUMANO. ¿CÓMO PODEMOS VER TANTO DETALLE?
Authors: Bermudez-Santana Clara Isabel
Published: April 2016

La bioinformática es un campo novedoso que soporta parte de la investigación biológica dirigida a la identificación de variantes génicas que pueden ser descubiertas desde los estudios de genomas completos. Basados en esta motivación se presenta el panorama general de los aportes principales de la bioinformática en el desarrollo del secuenciamiento del primer genoma humano. Adicionalmente se resumen los principales avances en cómputo desarrollados para responder a las demandas requeridas por los métodos de secuenciamiento de última generación para lograr re-secuenciar un genoma humano. Finalmente se introducen algunos de los nuevos retos que deben asumirse para aplicar la genómica personalizada en el desarrollo de la medicina. 

 

Abstract

Bioinformatics is a new field that supports part of the biological research aimed at identifying gene variants that can be discovered from studies of whole genomes. Based on this motivation the overview of the main contributions of bioinformatics in the development of sequencing the first human genome is presented. Additionally it is summarized the main advances in computing developed to meet the demands to re-sequence a human genome by using the next generation sequencing technologies. Finally some new challenges that must be faced to apply the personalized genomics into the medicine development are introduced.
La frontera sur de México: orígenes y desarrollo de la migración centroamericana
Authors: Castillo Manuel Ángel , Toussaint Mónica
Published: April 2016

El artículo busca dar cuenta del origen y desarrollo de los flujos migratorios provenientes de Centroamérica en la frontera sur de México. Para ello, se parte de analizar el origen histórico de esta migración desde la firma del Tratado de Límites con Guatemala a finales del siglo XIX y la llegada de jornaleros guatemaltecos a Chiapas en las primeras décadas del siglo XX. Se estudia de manera detallada el fenómeno del refugio en la década de los ochenta, como resultado de la crisis política en la región centroamericana, así como el proceso de militarización de la frontera sur, impulsado por quienes lo veían como una amenaza a la seguridad nacional. Por último, se explican los cambios en los patrones de movilidad a partir de los años noventa y los principales flujos de migrantes en los años recientes, para concluir con un análisis sobre el endurecimiento de las políticas migratorias y la necesidad de descriminalizar la migración.
The Issue of Macroeconomic Closure Revisited and Extended
Authors: Zalai Ernő , Révész Tamás
Published: April 2016

Léon Walras (1874) had already realised that his neo-classical general equilibrium model could not accommodate autonomous investments. In the early 1960s, Amartya Sen analysed the same issue in a simple, one-sector macroeconomic model of a closed economy. He showed that fixing investment in the model, built strictly on neo-classical assumptions, would make the system overdetermined, and thus one should loosen some neo-classical conditions of competitive equilibrium. He analysed three not neo-classical “closure options”, which could make the model well-determined in the case of fixed investment. His list was later extended by others and it was shown that the closure dilemma arises in the more complex computable general equilibrium (CGE) models as well, as does the choice of adjustment mechanism assumed to bring about equilibrium at the macro level. It was also illustrated through several numerical models that the adopted closure rule can significantly affect the results of policy simulations based on a CGE model.

Despite these warnings, the issue of macro closure is often neglected in policy simulations. It is, therefore, worth revisiting the issue and demonstrating by further examples its importance, as well as pointing out that the closure problem in the CGE models extends well beyond the problem of how to incorporate autonomous investments into a CGE model. Several closure rules are discussed in this paper and their diverse outcomes are illustrated by numerical models calibrated on statistical data. First, the analyses are done in a one-sector model, similar to Sen’s, but extended into a model of an open economy. Next, the same analyses are repeated using a fully-fledged multi-sectoral CGE model, calibrated on the same statistical data. Comparing the results obtained by the two models it is shown that although they generate quite similar results in terms of the direction and — to a somewhat lesser extent — of the magnitude of change in the main macro variables using the same closure option, the predictions of the multi-sectoral CGE model are clearly more realistic and balanced.
The Reversal of the Privatisation Logic in Central European Transition Economies
Authors: Szanyi Miklós
Published: April 2016

The main ambition of this study is to explain the unexpected change in the transition process of some Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries starting in the second half of the 2000s. Special attention is paid to changes in and the attitudes of governments toward state ownership. Although statist approaches gained momentum in the economic policy of various states in and after the 2008/2009 crisis, this did not mean a fundamental reorientation expressed in changes in the main economic conditions such as ownership patterns. Nevertheless, governments in some CEE countries seem to flirt with such ideas too in the general policy of increasing state economic intervention. The privatisation process was stopped and in a number of cases, formerly privatised assets were re-nationalised. Governments strengthened their influence in the governance structure in mixed-ownership companies. The main body of the present paper provides a better understanding of this change in state property policies. We also call attention to the risks of a reversal of the privatisation logic. An increasing role of the state as proprietor may today strengthen similar negative political and economic consequences and risks as the ones against which the privatisation agenda of the 1990s was suggested. It can reduce competition, give way for political and personal rentseeking, and weaken the functions of market economic institutions.
Investigations Concerning E-Government Adoption in Transition Economies
Authors: Szabó Zsuzsanna Katalin , Chiriac Lucian
Published: April 2016

The implementation of efficient cross-border digital public services for a connected Europe, a developed e-government represents a priority for the European Union. There are big differences in the way e-government is adopted. Transition economies lag behind developed economies. This paper explores the e-government adoption in its multidimensionality within the EU member states. It uses 22 variables, which highlight: technological preparedness, the ability to access and absorb information and information technology, the ability to generate, adopt and spread knowledge, the social and legal environment, the government policy and vision, and consumer and business adoption and innovation. Barriers to efficient e-government adoption in transition economies are identified. Multicriteria decision analysis is used for the prioritisation of the factors with the highest overall impact on efficient implementation. The authors use the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP method) for prioritisation and the numerical results are obtained with Expert Choice software.
Foreign Bank Penetration and the Domestic Banking System: Empirical Evidence from Turkey Based on the Var Approach
Authors: Kirikkaleli Derviş
Published: April 2016

I seek to investigate the relationship, if exits, between foreign bank penetration (FBP) and the determinants of bank performance, namely domestic bank assets (DB), domestic credit (CREDIT), and banking profitability (PRO) in Turkey using quarterly data from 1994Q1 to 2009Q4, while controlling for GDP and the event of the 2001 financial crisis. Using the Granger causality, impulse response function and variance decomposition, the short run dynamics are examined. The outcome of the Granger causality test indicates that there is unilateral causality, which runs from domestic bank assets to FBP at the 10% level. Moreover, I also find feedback causality between FBP and CREDIT at the 5% level. By employing impulse response functions, my findings reveal that rising foreign bank assets in Turkey tend to increase domestic bank assets and credit availability in short run, and vice versa. Surprisingly, no significant impact of FBP on profitability in the banking sector is observed.
The Other Month Effect: Some Evidence from the Central and Eastern European Markets
Authors: Wen Yi-Chieh , Li Bin
Published: April 2016

January returns on stock markets can be used as a barometer for the subsequent 11-month holding period returns as documented by Cooper et al. (2006). We examine this apparent anomaly and analyze the effects of other holding periods of 1, 3, and 6 months in six Central and Eastern European transition economies from January 1991 through December 2013. Our results do not support the presence of the other January effect (OJE) in five of the six markets. Instead, the results reveal significant anomalies in non-January months and that such effects vary across markets. This latter evidence might reflect different characteristics in these economies, including diverse levels of market efficiency, local risk factors, and portfolio management among others. Furthermore, we construct a trading rule using the other month effect to illustrate the possibility of developing profitable investment strategies to earn abnormal returns.
Orvosok kiégettségének összefüggése az egészséggel, életérzéssel, alváskörülményekkel
Authors: Németh Anikó
Published: April 2016

Introduction: Burnout is common among health care providers and doctors. Aim: The correlations between burnout and health, psychosomatic symptoms, life satisfaction and sleep were investigated. Method: An online quantitative cross-sectional questionnaire was administered to 186 doctors. Burnout was assessed by the means of the 21-item questionnaire of Pines and Aronson (1981). Data were analysed with chi-square probe, Mann-Whitney test, correlational analysis and linear regression. Results: Level of burnout correlated negatively with age (p = 0.040; r = –0.151), years spent in the health care system (p = 0.027; r = –0.162) and positive well-being (p<0.001, r = –0.670), while there was a negative correlation with negative well-being (p<0.001; r = 0.585) and life satisfaction (p<0.001; r = –0.532). Doctors with burnout reported worse health (p<0.001), more frequent psychosomatic symptoms (p<0.001), tumours (p = 0.007), allergies (p = 0.030), psychiatric disorders (p = 0.025) and sleep disturbances. Conclusions: One-third of the doctors were affected by burnout in the present study. Higher age and having more children served as a protective factor. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(16), 623–630.
Az inkretintengelyen ható antidiabetikumokkal végzett cardiovascularis biztonságossági tanulmányok eddigi tapasztalatai
Authors: Jermendy György
Published: April 2016

Several randomized, controlled clinical trials were initiated some years ago in order to evaluate the cardiovascular safety of the new antidiabetic drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes due to requirements from regulatory bodies. Four trials with incretin-based drugs (saxagliptin, alogliptin, sitagliptin and lixisenatide) have been completed so far. Based on the primary outcome endpoints of these trials no cardiovascular risks were found with incretins in patients with type 2 diabetes. As for saxagliptin, the hospitalization for heart failure was investigated as a secondary endpoint, and an increased risk was observed in the respective trial; however, this observation was widely debated later in the literature. Together with ongoing trials of other novel antihyperglycemic agents, these data will provide more robust evidence about the cardiovascular safety of incretin-based antidiabetic treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(16), 603–610.
A terápiás hypothermia szerepe a postresuscitatiós ellátásban – irodalmi áttekintés és saját tapasztalatok
Authors: Pilecky Dávid , Szudi Gábor , Kovács Enikő , Jenei Zsigmond , Gellér László , Heltai Krisztina , Molnár Levente , Bárczi György , Becker Dávid , Merkely Béla , Zima Endre
Published: April 2016

In the last fifteen years mild therapeutic hypothermia became an accepted and widespread therapeutic method in the treatment of successfully resuscitated patients due to sudden cardiac death. Based on the available evidence therapeutic hypothermia is part of the resuscitation guidelines, however, many aspects of its therapeutic use are based on empirical facts. In particular, the subjects of intense debate are the ideal target temperature and the benefit of hypothermia in patients found with non-shockable rhythm. Hypothermia affects almost all organ systems and, therefore, early detection and treatment of side effects are essential. The aim of the authors is to summarize the clinical role and pathophysiologic effects of therapeutic hypothermia in the treatment of resuscitated patients based on current evidence and their practical experience. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(16), 611–617.
Mycetophylax simplex (Emery, 1888) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): first record in Uruguay and distribution extension
Authors: Larrea Darío Daniel , Mourglia Virginia , González-Vainer Patricia
Published: April 2016

This study provides the first record of Mycetophylax simplex (Emery, 1888) for Uruguay and extends the known distribution of this species south  in South America. Mycetophylax simplex is currently the only species of the genus that occurs in Uruguay. Workers and queens were captured with pitfall traps in a sandy beach on east coast of Uruguay. Data and figures of M. simplex for the recognition of the species and map of distribution are presented.
Preventive physical therapy and care humanization in the treatment of a bedridden, home care, neurologic patient
Authors: Faria Lina , Gonçalves Maria do Céu Pereira , Silva Elirez Bezerra da
Published: April 2016

Abstract Introduction: This case study investigated the impact of preventive physical therapy on shoulder problems and the prevention of pressure ulcers (PU) in a bedridden, home care, post-neurological surgery patient. Objective: To highlight the importance of physical therapy in the prevention of comorbidities, chronic neurological sequelae, and PU. Materials and Methods: In the immediate post-surgical phase, the patient was treated with preventive measures against PU, according to the Pressure Ulcer Prevention Protocol of the University of São Paulo, the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, and the Braden Scale. In addition, we used the modified Ashworth scale to assess spasticity. A kinesiotherapy program based on the Bobath's concept was used to prevent subluxation of the plegic arm and help in the recovery of functional movements. Results: The use of preventive measures and delivery of humanized care during a six-month period helped prevent the development of stage 3 and 4 PU and physical, functional, and respiratory complications. By the end of six months, the patient was found to be at low risk of developing PU. Conclusion: Notwithstanding the difficulties experienced during treatment, especially for the positioning of the arm and performance of transferring and positioning techniques, the results of this study are in agreement with aspects considered important for treatment outcomes.
Relationship among stress, depression, cardiovascular and metabolic changes and physical exercise
Authors: Sanches Andrea , Costa Rafaela , Marcondes Fernanda Klein , Cunha Tatiana Sousa
Published: April 2016

Abstract Introduction: Stress is considered one of the most significant health problems in modern society. It can be characterized as any changes in the homeostasis of an individual that require an adaptive response. An imbalance in the secretion of the primary stress mediators may be responsible for the onset and development of several diseases. Thus, chronic stress has been recognized as a risk factor for depression as well as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Given the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with chronic stress and related cardiovascular and metabolic changes, it is necessary to implement measures to prevent, control and/or avoid their development. Physical exercise is a non-pharmacological resource that is widely used for this purpose. Its beneficial effects include the improvement of the emotional state as well as lipid and glycemic control. Objective: The aim of this review is to discuss the relationship between stress, depression, cardiovascular and metabolic changes, and highlight the importance of physical exercise in the prevention and treatment of resulting disorders. Materials and Methods: We searched MEDLINE and SCIELO from 2000 through 2012, using the terms chronic stress, mood disorders, depression, cardiovascular and metabolic changes, and exercise. Results: Most of the studies found in our literature search have shown that exercise can attenuate and/or reverse the deleterious effects of chronic stress. Conclusion: Regular physical exercise is useful for maintaining health, especially with respect to improving mood and mental stress.
Female urinary incontinence: quality of life comparison on reproductive age and postmenopausal period
Authors: Rett Mariana Tirolli , Wardini Érica Brito , Santana Josimari Melo de , Mendonça Andreza Carvalho Rabelo , Alves Aline Teixeira , Saleme Cristina Said
Published: April 2016

Abstract Introduction: urinary incontinence (UI) is defined as any involuntary leakage of urine and their symptoms can affect women's quality of life (QoL). Objectives: to compare incontinent women's QoLin reproductive age (G1) with those in post menopausal period(G2). Material and methods: a descriptive and retrospective study involved 86 women with UI complaints. Clinical, sociodemographic, obstetrical and gynecological antecedents were collected. Pelvic floor evaluation was conducted by digital palpation and QoL was evaluated by King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ). Mann-Whitney and t Student test were used to compare QoL domains. Results: 36 women in reproductive age (G1) 42.9 (± 7,4) years and 50 women in postmenopausal period (G2) 61,6 (± 9,3) years were assessed. The G2 showed significantly more nocturia (p = 0,0057), urge incontinence (p = 0,0061) and enuresis (0,0021) symptoms, whereas in G1 bladder pain and voiding difficulties were more significant. KHQ domains showed statistical differences in: general health perception (G1 26,4 ± 16,8 versus G2 38,0 ± 16.2; p = 0,0019) and emotions (G1 15,1 ± 31,3 versus G2 38,9 ± 37,5; p = 0,0051). Conclusion: UI affects negatively QoLin women. Women on postmenopausal period showed higher impact on the QoLdomains related to general health perception and emotions.
Correlation between balance, speed, and walking ability in individuals with chronic hemiparesis
Authors: Britto Heloisa Maria Jácome de Sousa , Mendes Luciana de Andrade , Moreno Cínthia de Carvalho , Silva Emília Márcia Gomes de Souza e , Lindquist Ana Raquel Rodrigues
Published: April 2016

Abstract Alterations in balance and gait are frequently present in patients with hemiparesis. This study aimed at determining whether there is a correlation between static and functional balance, gait speed and walking capacity. To that end, 17 individuals with chronic hemiparesis of both sexes (58.8% men and 42.25 women), mean age of 56.3 ± 9.73 years, took part in the study. Static balance was assessed by computerized baropodometry, under two different sensory conditions: eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC). Functional balance was evaluated by Berg Balance Scale and walking ability by the Functional Ambulation Classification. Gait speed was assessed by kinemetry. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to verify data distribution normality. Parametric variables were correlated by Pearson's test and their non-parametric parameters by Spearman's test. Functional balance showed a positive correlation with gait speed (p=0.005; r=0.64) and walking ability (p = 0.019; r = 0.56). Anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) alterations with EO and EC exhibited negative correlations with gait speed (EO: AP amplitude (p = 0.0049 and r = -0.48); mean ML deviation (p = 0.019 and r =-0.56)/ EC: mean AP deviation (p = 0.018 and r = -0.56) and mean ML deviation (p = 0.032 and r = -0.52); AP amplitude (p = 0.014 and r = -0.57) and ML amplitude (p = 0.032 and r = -0.52); postural instability (p = 0.019 and r = -0.55)) and walking ability (EO: mean AP deviation (p = 0.05 and r = -0.47) and AP amplitude (p = 0.024 and r = -0.54)). The results suggest correlations between static and functional balance and gait speed and walking ability, and that balance training can be an important component of gait recovery protocols.
Influence of side-shift therapy associated or not with a shoe lift on idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Oliveira Crystian Bitencourt , Fregonesi Cristina Elena Prado Teles , Pachioni Célia Aparecida Stellutti , Masselli Maria Rita , Ferreira Dalva Minonroze Albuquerque
Published: April 2016

Abstract Introduction: The benefits of side-shift therapy associated with a shoe lift in scoliosis can act by reorganizing the asymmetries found in these individuals. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of side-shift therapy with or without a high or low shoe lift in patients with idiopathic scoliosis. Materials and Methods: 10 individuals of both genders, aged 13-24 years, were selected, with scoliosis "S" and right thoracic and left lumbar greater than 10º. Initially the order of the task was static and then dynamic, after which there was a draw for the conditions with the shoe lift. The values of postural angles during the five lateral tilt movements were obtained and also the minimum and maximum values of each movement. The average value of postural angle in the static position, without a shoe lift, was used as a reference. Results: The movement associated with the shoe lift demonstrated less significant results compared with the effect of the static shoe lift and the side-shift movements performed in isolation, no significant results in any angle were found. Discussion: Both movements, to the side of the convexity or to the opposite side, seemed to decrease the effect of the shoe lift. The side-shift movement performed in isolation failed to influence the postural angles in general, demonstrating that acute intervention may not be efficient. Conclusion: The influence of side-shift therapy associated with a high or low shoe lift on both sides was effective, but the shoe lift in the static position produced the most significant changes and therefore is considered a better intervention in order to prevent the progression of double curve in patients with idiopathic scoliosis.
Prevalence of back pain among high school students in a municipality in southern Brazil
Authors: Fonseca Cíntia Detsch , Candotti Cláudia Tarragô , Noll Matias , Luz Anna Maria Hecker , Santos Antônio Cardoso dos , Corso Carlos Otávio
Published: April 2016

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of back pain in adolescent girls, and determine whether this pain is associated with socioeconomic, demographic, anthropometric, and behavioral factors. Methods: This was an epidemiological survey with a representative sample of 495 female high school students, aged 14 to 18 years, in the municipality of São Leopoldo in the southern Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire with closed, standardized, coded, and tested questions. Bivariate analysis included the chi-square test (x2) and calculation of prevalence ratios (α<0.05). Results: The prevalence of back pain was 75.2%. The thoracic-lumbar (30.4%) and lumbar (27.7%) regions of the spine were most affected. Among the students with pain, 60.5% reported the severity of their pain to be moderate to severe, and 21.2% reported that the pain prevented them from performing activities of daily living. Regarding associated factors, the pain was more prevalent in overweight/obese students (RP = 1.246, 95% CI: 1.137 to 1.366), who reported carrying a heavy school backpack/bag (PR = 1.187, 95% CI: 1.073 to 1.314) and those who had incorrect posture when picking up objects from the floor (PR = 1.138, 95% CI: 1.031 to 1.256). Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of back pain associated with body mass index, reported weight of the student's school backpack/bag, and posture when picking up objects from the floor.
Effects of two programs of metabolic resistance training on strength and hypertrophy
Authors: Meister Carolina Brandt , Kutianski Felipe Augusto Tavares , Carstens Larissa Carine , Andrade Sérgio Luiz Ferreira , Rodacki André Luiz Félix , Souza Ricardo Martins de
Published: April 2016

Abstract Introduction: The effects of low intensity resistance training combined with vascular occlusion have been investigated by several studies. Similar results on strength and hypertrophy have been observed when such method was compared to high intensity protocols. However, due to the specific apparatus needed to apply vascular occlusion (ex.: Kaatsu) on some exercises, alternative forms of metabolic training might be used. In the present study, an isometric contraction was performed within each concentric-eccentric transition phase, for every repetition, to elicit metabolic stress. Objective: The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of two resistance training protocols with metabolic characteristics on strength (1MR), circumference (CIRC) and muscle thickness (measured with ultrasonography [MT]). Subjective perception of discomfort was also recorded with an analogical-visual pain scale (AVP). Methods: Twelve young, healthy men were trained with two different methods during 10 weeks. The right limb was trained with an isometric contraction within each concentric-eccentric transition phases for every repetition (ISO) whereas the left limb was trained with a pneumatic cuff to apply vascular occlusion (OC) on the knee extensor muscles. Both methods were trained at 20% 1MR. Results: It was observed increases on medial tight CIRC, proximal MT, medial MT, distal MT and 1MR, with no difference between both methods. The perception of discomfort was greater for ISO at the end of the third set and lower than reported by OC, at the beginning and end of the training program. Conclusions: Both protocols produced similar gains on strength and hypertrophy. The advantages of training with low loads are important to elderly or rehabilitation training programs. Other studies that compare this method with conventional resistance training are warranted.
Síndrome metabólica, componentes e fatores associados em adultos de 40 anos ou mais de um município da Região Sul do Brasil
Authors: Bortoletto Maira Sayuri Sakay , Souza Regina Kazue Tanno de , Cabrera Marcos Aparecido Sarria , González Alberto Durán
Published: April 2016

Resumo Objetivo Estimar a prevalência de síndrome metabólica (SM), de seus componentes e fatores associados em adultos de 40 anos ou mais. Métodos Estudo transversal, de base populacional, com 1.180 residentes em um município brasileiro de médio porte da Região Sul. Realizaram-se entrevistas domiciliares, avaliações antropométricas e exames laboratoriais. A SM foi definida de acordo com o critério harmonizado de 2009. Foram analisadas variáveis sociodemográficas, comportamentais e de utilização de serviços de saúde. Utilizaram-se o teste de qui-quadrado, exato de Fisher e teste de Wald na análise de múltiplos fatores pela regressão de Poisson. Resultados Entre os entrevistados, 959 (81,3%) realizaram exames laboratoriais e medidas antropométricas. A prevalência de SM foi de 53,7%, mais elevada em mulheres e em idades mais avançadas. A presença de cinco componentes da SM foi observada em 12% dos participantes (15,8% mulheres e 7,3% homens). Após ajustes, apenas a idade se associou à SM. Conclusão A elevada prevalência de SM e de seus componentes, distinta em cada sexo e grupo etário, aponta a necessidade de ações de enfrentamento com abordagens coletivas e estabelecimento de metas terapêuticas individuais.
The classification, definition, and ontology of delusion
Authors: Porcher José Eduardo
Published: April 2016

Although delusion is one of the central concepts of psychopathology, it stills eludes precise conceptualization. In this paper, I present certain basic issues concerning the classification and definition of delusion, as well as its ontological status. By examining these issues, I aim to shed light on the ambiguity of the clinical term ‘delusion’ and its extension, as well as provide clues as to why philosophers are increasingly joining the ranks of psychiatrists, psychologists, and neuroscientists in the effort to come to a comprehensive understanding of delusion.
A paixão pela imagem: o eu como cenógrafo das virtualidades do si mesmo
Authors: Pinheiro Marina
Published: April 2016

É propósito do presente trabalho perscrutar, através das expressões culturais da virtualização do si mesmo, a equivocidade pendular entre o fetichismo comum e as formas de estetização do desejo na atualidade tecnológica. Desde a primeira formação egoica, “projeção de superfície” do olhar materno, ao ego virtualizado nas marcações corporais extremas, ou mesmo avatarizado nos games e redes sociais; torna-se necessário à psicanálise a discussão sobre a dialética entre objetificação e possibilidades de autoração simbólica da existência na contemporaneidade.
Sobre o envelhecimento de Lolita no mundo administrado
Authors: Tinti Tauan Fernandes
Published: April 2016

Resumo O presente trabalho visa a apresentar alguns modelos da relação entre Lolita, de Vladimir Nabokov, e seu leitor, como alegorias da reação da literatura modernista tardia à administração crescente da cultura – ou, mais especificamente, da forma como o romance reage ao seu envelhecimento histórico sendo progressivamente determinado pela indústria cultural, a partir de sua caracterização por Adorno e Horkheimer (2006). Dois modelos principais são apresentados: o primeiro é caracterizado pelo modo como o romance manipula o leitor como forma de evitar ser manipulado por ele, forçando-o a julgar a possibilidade de arrependimento de seu narrador e limitando-o a uma experiência de satisfação vicária; e o segundo modelo se define pela exigência que o leitor seja assimilado à lógica de decifração contida no romance, submetendo-se integralmente à autoridade autoral.
“Na estepe”, de Samanta Schweblin: um exemplo de fantástico contemporâneo, na sequência do cânone consagrado por Cortázar
Authors: Garcia Flavio
Published: April 2016

Resumo A poética de Samanta Schewblin, no conto “Na estepe”, apresenta um esquema mecânico e reiterado no uso de procedimentos próprios dos discursos fantásticos contemporâneos, como, em especial, a falta de informações sobre o objeto que motiva a narração, o que se constitui canônico desde “Casa tomada”, de Julio Cortázar. Nesse caso, o emprego do “sujeito tácito” (nome implícito) cria a atmosfera fantástica, inquietante etc., estratégia semelhante a de um nome explicitado, mas do qual o leitor ignora o referente. Esses são procedimentos bastante estudados em relação a Cortázar, que os emprega bastante. A adoção desse recurso por Cortázar justifica as afirmações dos críticos de que Schewblin segue a tradição consagrada por seu ilustre predecessor. É essa a perspectiva a partir da qual se pretende ler “Na estepe”, de Samanta Schewblin, entre mundos possíveis da ficção fantástica.
“Viagem e alargamento conceitual” na apropriação do léxico emergente ao estudo das Relações Internacionais
Authors: Cunha André Moreira , Paes Lucas de Oliveira , Fonseca Pedro Cezar Dutra
Published: April 2016

Resumo O trabalho analisa o léxico “emergente” em sua apropriação no estudo das Relações Internacionais. O trabalho parte da observação de que o emprego desse predicado a fenômenos das Relações Internacionais carrega transformações em seu significado original, na literatura sobre mercados financeiros. A análise proposta está estruturada em três etapas. Primeiramente, observamos as transformações semânticas do termo em sua literatura original, bem como a historicidade envolta em sua apropriação pelas Relações Internacionais. Essa apropriação será sustentada, à continuação, através de um estudo quantitativo, utilizado como proxy da disseminação do emprego do léxico emergente na disciplina. Por fim, a análise conduz um estudo qualitativo sobre os padrões semânticos no emprego do termo na disciplina, de modo a obter um protótipo conceitual do termo apropriado. Na conclusão, serão discutidos alguns aspectos teórico-metodológicos dos resultados para utilizar o termo “emergente” como um conceito nas Relações Internacionais.
Desafios da integração nos novos arranjos institucionais de políticas públicas no Brasil
Authors: Lotta Gabriela , Favareto Arilson
Published: April 2016

Resumo O Governo Federal brasileiro tem experimentado arranjos institucionais que tem como objetivo construir políticas públicas efetivas em um contexto territorial complexo. Neles há dois eixos centrais: (i) a tentativa de articular temáticas intersetoriais e (ii) a construção de modelos de gestão de políticas públicas com coordenação entre os entes federativos e a sociedade civil. Este artigo analisa como novos arranjos institucionais consideram o papel dos territórios. A análise está estruturada em duas questões centrais: (a) qual a centralidade dada à concepção de território e em que medida ele desempenha papel ativo ou passivo no desenho do arranjo; (b) que fatores poderiam explicar contornos do arranjo institucional e como a dimensão territorial se materializa neles. O artigo analisa três arranjos: Plano Brasil Sem Miséria; Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento; Programa Territórios da Cidadania. As análises baseadas em documentos oficiais dos programas visam compreender, a partir de sua estrutura de funcionamento, como se dão questões como intersetorialidade, relações federativas e concepção de território. Analisando os programas, percebe-se que, ainda que em graus variados, há mais justaposição do que integração de políticas públicas, e que neles os territórios – entendido como os lócus de implementação das políticas e as forças sociais nele presentes – não ocupam uma posição ativa, revelando-se meros repositórios de investimentos. Como consequência, essa fragilidade, observada tanto na dupla integração desejada como na articulação territorial, é algo que resulta em perda de eficiência dos investimentos e em comprometimento dos resultados. Esses limites se devem, em grande medida, ao peso da cultura setorial que permeia os gestores e o comportamento das forças sociais, associado a uma cultura institucional de privilégio dos resultados alcançáveis em curto prazo. Esses aspectos, por sua vez, concretizam-se tanto nas normas que regulamentam os arranjos como no leque de agentes envolvidos. Em termos teóricos essa hipótese se afasta das análises que tomam os arranjos meramente sob o ângulo administrativo ou de gestão e se aproxima das abordagens institucionalistas, para as quais não se pode analisar os arranjos institucionais isolados do ambiente institucional do qual são, a um só tempo, parte e expressão.
O Poder no Executivo: explicações no presidencialismo, parlamentarismo e presidencialismo de coalizão
Authors: Batista Mariana
Published: April 2016

Resumo Como a literatura vem analisando o Poder Executivo nos diferentes regimes políticos? A partir da diferença institucional básica entre presidencialismo e parlamentarismo pode-se identificar dois conjuntos de contribuições principais para o entendimento do funcionamento do Executivo em democracias: a literatura sobre a presidência americana e as discussões sobre os governos de coalizão no parlamentarismo europeu. O que os dois conjuntos de teorias têm em comum é a preocupação com a política intra-executivo. Esta literatura é analisada, identificando as principais questões, instituições, comportamentos e variáveis enfatizadas. Como resultado tem-se a sistematização e comparação dos principais argumentos sobre o funcionamento interno do Executivo não só no presidencialismo e no parlamentarismo, mas também a contribuição para a explicação do caso específico do presidencialismo de coalizão.
Perfil do atendimento odontológico no Serviço de Urgência para crianças e adolescentes da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara (FOAr) ‒ UNESP
Authors: ALBUQUERQUE Yasmin Etienne , ZUANON Angela Cristina Cilense , PANSANI Cyneu Aguiar , GIRO Elisa Maria Aparecida , LIMA Fábio César Braga de Abreu e , PINTO Lourdes Aparecida Martins dos Santos , CORDEIRO Rita de Cássia Loiola , COSTA Josimeri Hebling , BRIGHENTI Fernanda Lourenção
Published: April 2016

Resumo Introdução: Atendimentos de urgência são uma prática comum em Odontopediatria, porém pouco se sabe sobre o perfil desses atendimentos. Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil dos atendimentos de urgência de crianças de 0 a 13 anos de idade realizados na Clínica Infantil da FOAr, no período de 1997 a 2012, a fim de se quantificarem os pacientes e os procedimentos realizados no Serviço, além de identificar os tratamentos mais realizados. Material e método: Neste estudo transversal observacional, os relatórios desse Serviço, fornecidos pelo Sistema Integrado de Clínicas, foram analisados quanto ao número de pacientes, aos atendimentos e ao tipo de procedimentos realizados. Os procedimentos foram classificados em sete categorias: Diagnóstico, Preventivos, Anestesia, Endodônticos, Restauradores, Cirúrgicos e Outros. Esses dados foram tabulados e submetidos a uma análise descritiva. Resultado: De 1997 a 2012, foi atendido um total de 13.849 pacientes e foram realizados 25.786 atendimentos e 86.279 procedimentos. Houve diminuição do número de pacientes atendidos a partir de 2001, mas o número de consultas e de procedimentos não diminuiu na mesma proporção. Observou-se que, durante o período de 2007 a 2012, os procedimentos de diagnóstico foram os mais realizados, seguidos pelos preventivos. Dentre os procedimentos operatórios, o mais realizado foi o restaurador, seguido dos endodônticos. Procedimentos cirúrgicos estão entre os menos realizados. Conclusão: Conclui-se que houve uma mudança no perfil dos atendimentos dentro desse Serviço. Apesar de haver uma redução no número de pacientes atendidos, o número de consultas e a quantidade de procedimentos realizados permaneceram estáveis. Os procedimentos realizados estão de acordo com o perfil do Serviço de Urgência.
Redescription of Ochmacanthus batrachostoma (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1912) (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae): a possible case of incipient paedomorphism
Authors: S. Neto Caio , Pinna Mário de
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT The lepidophagous stegophiline catfish Ochmacanthus batrachostoma (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1912) is endemic to the Paraná-Paraguai basin and is the only member of its genus in that drainage. It remains a poorly-known taxon mainly due to the historical scarcity of study specimens. The species is herein redescribed on the basis of type and non-type specimens from Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay. Ochmacanthus batrachostoma can be distinguished from congeners by the presence of long maxillary and rictal barbels, reduction of the posterior end of the caudal peduncle, a tadpole-like caudal fin and peduncle, among other morphometric traits and features of internal anatomy. Comparisons show that a number of unique traits of adult O. batrachostoma resemble conditions seen in juvenile specimens of other members of Stegophilinae. Such traits are also more pronounced in juveniles of O. batrachostoma itself. The species also has the smallest maximum body size in Ochmacanthus and among the smallest of any stegophiline. In combination, such observations suggest that the species is paedomorphic, although to a degree less extreme than seen in some other trichomycterids. This is the first possible case of paedomorphosis identified for stegophilines.
Profissional da saúde frente a situação de ter um familiar em cuidados paliativos por câncer
Authors: Schiavon Aline Blaas , Muniz Rosani Manfrin , Azevedo Norlai Alves de , Cardoso Daniela Habekost , Matos Michele Rodrigues , Arrieira Isabel Cristina Oliveira
Published: April 2016

RESUMO Objetivo conhecer a vivência do profissional de saúde na situação de ter um familiar em cuidados paliativos por câncer. Metodologia Qualitativa, desenvolvido com quatro familiares de pacientes oncológicos em cuidados paliativos, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, no período de novembro a dezembro de 2014, no domicílio dos participantes. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizada a proposta operativa de Minayo. Resultados surgiram duas temáticas, Profissional da saúde e ser familiar frente ao diagnóstico de câncer e Profissional da saúde e Ser familiar no confronto com a proximidade com a morte. Conclusões Ser familiar na condição de profissional de saúde demandou maior comprometimento no cuidado, tornando-os angustiados por terem que lidar com seus sentimentos de ver seu familiar em sofrimento pela doença e terminalidade, ao mesmo tempo em que seus conhecimentos profissionais contribuíram na tomada de decisões durante este processo.
Percepção de fala em deficientes auditivos pré-linguais com desordem do espectro da neuropatia auditiva usuários de aparelho auditivo de amplificação sonora
Authors: Fernandes Nayara Freitas , Yamaguti Elisabete Honda , Morettin Marina , Costa Orozimbo Alves
Published: April 2016

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a percepção de fala em crianças portadoras de deficiência auditiva pré-lingual com desordem do espectro da neuropatia auditiva (DENA) usuárias de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual (AASI) bilateral. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório realizado no Centro de Pesquisas Audiológicas da Sessão de Implante Coclear do Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais (HRAC/USP). Foram avaliadas 4 crianças com idade variando entre 8 anos e 3 meses e 12 anos e 2 meses. Foram utilizados: listas de palavras monossílabas, dissílabas, palavras sem sentido e sentenças, Escala de Integração Auditiva Significativa para Crianças Pequenas (IT-MAIS) e Questionário de Avaliação da Linguagem Oral (MUSS), categorias de linguagem e audição. Todas as listas foram aplicadas em cabine acústica, à viva-voz, em campo livre, no silêncio. Resultados: Os resultados apresentaram média de 69,5% para a lista de palavras monossílabas, 87,75% para a lista de palavras dissílabas, 89,92% para a lista de sílabas sem sentido e 92,5% para a lista de sentenças. Conclusão: O processo terapêutico aplicado, que incluiu o uso do AASI bilateral, foi extremamente satisfatório, uma vez que possibilitou o desenvolvimento máximo das habilidades auditivas.
Sinais e sintomas de desordem temporomandibular em mulheres e homens
Authors: Ferreira Claudia Lúcia Pimenta , Silva Marco Antônio Moreira Rodrigues da , Felício Cláudia Maria de
Published: April 2016

RESUMO Introdução: Mulheres são mais susceptíveis às desordens temporomandibulares (DTM), contudo, estudos que tenham comparado os gêneros em amostras brasileiras são raros. Objetivo: Analisar a proporção de homens e mulheres, bem como a associação entre o gênero e as variáveis idade, duração do problema e sintomas de DTM em pacientes admitidos para tratamento em uma clínica universitária. Métodos: Foram coletados e analisados dados de entrevista e avaliação de mil protocolos de pacientes com diagnóstico de DTM, divididos em 2 grupos, masculino (n=177) e feminino (n=823). Foi realizada a análise exploratória a partir de tabelas de contingência e teste do χ2. Posteriormente, foi utilizado o modelo de regressão logística e calculadas as odds ratio brutas (OR) referentes às comparações avaliadas. Resultados: Na amostra prevaleceu o gênero feminino e as médias de idade e de duração da DTM foram semelhantes entre os grupos, predominando a faixa etária de adultos jovens (19 a 40 anos). Os valores de OR evidenciaram associação entre o gênero feminino e os sinais/sintomas dor na articulação temporomandibular (ATM), dor nos músculos faciais, pescoço e ombros, cefaleia, fadiga nos músculos mastigatórios, sintoma otológico e disfonia, tendo sido a chance das mulheres os apresentassem duas vezes maior do que os homens. Conclusão: Na amostra de pacientes brasileiros com DTM foi maior o número de mulheres e essas apresentaram maior prevalência de sintomas dolorosos, seguidos pelos otológicos e queixas de disfonia. A prevalência de ruído articular foi semelhante nos grupos estudados.