bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From Spatial Distribution to Ecological Niche: Modeling Issues within the Correlation Approach
Authors: Pshegusov R. Kh.
Published: April 2024

One of the most important tasks in modern ecology theory is the formalization of the ecological niche. Advances in spatial analysis techniques and the availability of global databases on biodiversity and environmental parameters provide an unprecedented opportunity to integrate ecological niche components within a correlational modeling approach. The paper presents methods for formalizing biotic, spatial (environmental accessibility) and anthropogenic restrictions on the distribution of biological objects (components of an ecological niche) when constructing SDM (Species distribution modeling) and ENM (Ecological niche modeling) models.
Modeling Spatial Niches of Small Mammals Using the Example of Myodes glareolus in Mosaic Southern Taiga Forests
Authors: Mikhalap S. G. , Istomin A. V.
Published: April 2024

Based on long-term (2010–2014) studies carried out in the forest ecosystems of the Central Forest Biosphere Reserve, two models of the spatial niche of the bank vole (Myodes glareolus Schreber, 1780) were constructed using factor analysis (ENFA). Models with a sufficient level of quality characterize the characteristics of the species’ niche. The modeling results make it possible to describe the structure of the optimal habitat for the bank vole in mosaic southern taiga forests at different levels (scales) of spatial organization.
Representation the Properties of the Central-Forest Reserve Southern Taiga Forest Soils in Remote Hyperspectral Measurements
Authors: Puzachenko M. Yu. , Baibar A. S. , Puzachenko Y. G.
Published: April 2024

It is studied the representation of the texture and color of the soil on the Mansell scale, measured to a depth of 135 cm with an interval of 5 cm on the transect (length 6 km) with a step of 20 m, in hyperspectral data of the Hyperion instrument for 9 measurement periods from January to September. It was found that satellite image for May 24 is most closely related to all the characteristics under consideration. For the soil texture – the largest relationships are observed for depths of 7–15 cm, 45 cm, 75 cm and 120 cm; for color hue – 3–10 cm and 95–135 cm; for color value – 7–15 cm, 25–30 cm and 65–70 cm; for color chroma – 7–10 cm, 40–50 cm, 75 cm and 100 cm. The texture of soil is most related with wavelengths 579–702 nm and 529 nm, color hue – 641–691 nm, color value – 569–702 nm and 518–539 nm, color chroma – 569–702 nm, 508–529 nm and 732–763 nm.
Methods of Analytic Hierarchy Process in Landscape Research
Authors: Cherkashin A. K. , Frolov A. A.
Published: April 2024

Using the case of factoral-dynamic analysis of mountain-taiga geosystems (landscapes) of the Maly Hamar-Daban ridge section (Western Transbaikalia), the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is implemented. These logical and mathematical tools of a system-hierarchical approach to complex decision-making problems consist in determining the priorities of alternatives (landscape-forming factors) to achieve the goal (zonal norm), their pairwise comparison and choosing the best alternative with the maximum priority value relatively to the main goal. The combination of the AHP algorithm with factoral-dynamic analysis of the hierarchy of geosystems–geomes (facies, groups, and classes of facies)–is shown on the case of assessing the effect of factor influence on the landscape by the criterion of territorial manifestation of facies of different factor series (subhydrolithomorphic, sublithomorphic, xerolithomorphic, and subhydromorphic). Based on the calculation of an indicator, that considers the priorities of all the compared particular criteria of different levels of hierarchy and the criterion of seriality of geosystems, a measure of deviation of the state of individual facies from the zonal norm was determined and a map of landscape variability of the studied territory was made in generalized indicators showing the influence of factors of different hierarchical levels.
Long-Term Dynamics of Rural Household Water Use (the Case of Semlovsky Rural Settlement, Yaroslavl Oblast)
Authors: Fomenko G. A. , Fomenko M. A. , Loshadkin K. A.
Published: April 2024

The article proves the necessity to change approaches to the development of water output system in rural settlements by improving the quality of forecast of expected changes in rural water use. The study is based on the evolution of behavioral preferences of rural households on the case of the pilot Semlovsky rural settlement of Danilovsky district of Yaroslavl oblast. This research was inspired by the logic and beauty of the methodology of studying rural water use by the outstanding geographer Gilbert White which is based on the approaches of behavioral and evolutionary geography. Through interviews and semi-structured surveys from 1976 to 2019, the study examined how rural residents provide water for themselves, choose their source of water output, and how they really value water as an economic good. The perceptions of managers in the sphere of domestic water output were also investigated and planning documents were analyzed. The study of the evolution of rural domestic water use for more than 40 years revealed the peculiarities of source selection depending on water quality, economic and technical capabilities of residents, and socio-cultural traditions. It has been established that focusing on centralized water supply, to comply with water quality standards for the population, can have the adverse effect, when the users choose a cheaper water source which is reliable and has a poorer water quality. In practical terms, the article shows it’s reasonable to apply an integrated approach to developing rural water output strategies, taking into account the adaptability of water users to different geographical conditions. It also reveals ways of including behavioral features of water use in rural areas in project and planning documents.
Toponymic and Linguistic Layers of the Interfluve of the Tsna and the Don Rivers as Evidence of Known and Unrecorded Peoples of the Southeast of Ancient Russia
Authors: Gordova Yu. Yu. , Mudrak O. A.
Published: April 2024

The article provides an overview and linguistic analysis of the main toponymic and linguistic layers of modern Tambov oblast, which in the past were inhabited by peoples who spoke Finno-Ugric, Turkic, and Iranian languages. Work on the toponymic atlas of the region should show that the population of the main geographical names in terms of their linguistic affiliation, which shows the general distribution of local peoples in the interfluve of the Tsna and the Don rivers. In addition to the Russian language, a patch of Mordovian names (Savala, Vyazhlya, Kuzhlya, Liplyai, Merlyai), associated with the time of residence in the Mordovian-Moksha corporation. The Turkic layer (Karachan, Karai, Beklemishevo, Chekmari, Taldykin Barak, Saburovka, Yakutino) is associated, among other things, with the Kipchaks (Polovtsians). The toponyms of the Iranian layer (Isorok, Kenzar, Lomovis, Kalanda, Negi) go to study the material of the Ossetian language and, apparently, reflect the period of residence in Tsna and Don regions of some unrecorded population, the search should become a mass study, not only toponymic, but also archaeological. The abundance toponyms, and above all hydronyms, occurring to the tributaries of the first, second and third orders, on the territory of the Khoper and Tsna river basins indicates the existence in the past of a population, speaking in a language close to modern Ossetian. New linguistic materials on this topic of Tambov oblast’s toponyms, presented in the article, reduce the toponymic, historical and geographical landscape of the southeast of Ancient Russia.
About the Unified Classification of Natural and Anthropogenic Landscape Complexes
Authors: Osipov S. V.
Published: April 2024

The article presents the author’s view on classification criteria and approaches to the unified classification of landscape complexes (geocomplexes): undisturbed natural, partially modified, completely transformed. Five criteria are substantiated: (1) features of the organization in connection with the location in geospheres; (2) the degree of transformation or natural–artificiality; (3) geographical position; (4) the period of development (dynamic state); (5) main features of the composition, structure and functioning of geocomplexes and their components. These criteria cover the existing diversity, take into account their essential properties and create the basis for a unified classification of the entire diversity of virgin and anthropogenic, natural and artificial geocomplexes. They form a completely diverse (multi-aspect and multi-level) system–a multidimensional classification space of the structural-functional approach for the classification of geocomplexes at local and regional levels. 6 classes of the 1st rank were revealed: natural atmospheric, artificial atmospheric, natural hydrospheric, artificial hydrospheric, natural lithospheric, artificial lithospheric. 28 classes of the 2nd rank are justified. A fragment of the classification of techno-natural, natural-technical and technical meso-landscapes (classes 3ed and 4th rank) is given. It is noted that the criteria considered are necessary, but not sufficient, for example, for the classification of artificial geocomplexes, the study and classification of which is an area of interaction with other technical, social and natural sciences with the leading role of geography.
Scenario Approach to Adaptation of Forest Ecosystems in the Russian Federation under Climate Change
Authors: Konstantinov A. V.
Published: April 2024

Correlations between the quantitative values of abiotic factors associated with climate change and the criteria for the vulnerability of forest ecosystems for 24 model subjects of the Russian Federation have been established. A high degree of closeness of the relationship between climatic parameters and forest fires was revealed for forest ecosystems in the Center and the South of Russia, as well as Eastern Siberia. Using a matrix model for positioning the adaptive potential of a single regional forest ecosystem, clusters with the most vulnerable to climate change groups of regional forest ecosystems were identified. The application of the developed methodology for the analysis of regional complexes of forest ecosystems made it possible to establish that there is a shift in the indicators of their adaptive potential to the lower limit of their sustainability (Arkhangelsk, Leningrad, Voronezh, Tyumen, Irkutsk oblasts, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Khabarovsk krai). Based on the study and clustering of model federal subjects according to the level of adaptive potential, differentiation of management decisions and forestry measures for enlarged territorial objects, including various federal subjects, was carried out in order to maintain and strengthen the adaptive potential of forest ecosystems. Measures for adapting forest ecosystems to climate change can be implemented in the context of three scenarios: forest management with elements of reactive adaptation to climate change for stable forest ecosystems, implementation of the forestry adaptation strategy to climate change for unstable forest ecosystems and restoration and maintenance of ecosystem functions of forests for degrading forest ecosystems.
Nature-Based Offsets in Russia: Key Challenges and Conditions for Success
Authors: Kurichev N. K. , Ptichnikov A. V. , Shvarts E. A. , Krenke A. N.
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the key problems and conditions for the successful development of the nature-based offset projects (NBOPs) in Russia. The conditions for the successful entry of verified carbon units from Russian nature-based offset projects into the global market were determined considering the state and prospects for development of global carbon markets. The key limitations for the national carbon market for offsets are presented: the lack of internal economic incentives for companies to buy carbon units and to invest in Russian NBOPs; the lack of national methodologies for the NBOPs; legal restrictions for land-use; lack of available tools for assessing costs and profitability of NBOPs on given land plots; failures of carbon market regulation under the Sakhalin experiment. The limitations of the narrow agency-based approach to the development of NBOPs are shown. These limitations result in inconsistent decisions that do not fit real conditions in the global market. It is necessary to create a competence center to solve the issues of the NBOPs from specific methodologies of individual projects to science-based assessments of their total potential in Russia. Two scenarios of the use of NBOPs for decarbonization of the Russian economy are analyzed. Scenario 1 assumes large-scale sale of carbon units generated in Russian in foreign markets in order to maximize mid-term profit. Scenario 2 assumes the use of carbon units generated in Russian NBOPs mainly by Russian companies to achieve net zero by 2060. A realistic and balanced strategy assumes that the key buyers of carbon credits from Russian NBOPs in the first stage should be export-oriented Russian companies that can use these credits to reduce the carbon footprint of their products and implement corporate climate strategies.
Approaches to Implementing Ecosystem Climate Projects in Russia
Authors: Romanovskaya A. A.
Published: April 2024

Russia is developing a legal framework for the Paris Agreement implementation. In Russian strategic documents, there is no consistency in measures and quantitative indicators to reduce emissions and increase absorption of greenhouse gases. The main focus on forests and other ecosystems through the implementation of climate change mitigation projects also raises questions. The purpose of this paper is to determine the goal and place of these projects within the framework of a national low-carbon policy, and to analyze the opportunities and limitations of such projects in Russia. The main criteria are the additionality, conservative baselines, and minimization of risks (leakage, non-permanence, cessation of project funding, reversion). Ecosystem projects are high-risk compared to industrial projects, while the climate component of project activities occurs only in the long-term preservation of the result. The project’s goal in Russia to refine mitigation technologies based on sustainable management of natural ecosystems: the results lead to the multiple benefits including ecosystem services of the territory, biodiversity and adaptation to climate change. Therefore, their attractiveness in the implementation of sustainable development policies of companies and the state is growing. Given the additional nature, projects will not be able to provide a significant quantitative contribution to mitigation, but can provide a tool to achieve that. At the initial stage of the Russian carbon market it is necessary to allow only reliable and transparent projects (reforestation and afforestation with mixed species; improved forest management of managed forests; management of previously unmanaged forests; restoration of wetlands/grassland ecosystems; conservation of soil carbon of agricultural lands; biochar inputs to soils). Projects such as forest conservation from logging and monoculture plantations require a separate regulatory framework to prevent tampering and minimize threats to local natural ecosystems.
Air Mobility of the Population of India: Regional Differences
Authors: Tarkhov S. A.
Published: April 2024

The rapid expansion of the airline and airport network in recent decades has led to a significant increase in the air mobility of people, including in India. The purpose of the article is to identify regional differences in the general level of air mobility of its population. The air mobility rate of the total population of India has increased from 0.12 (2010–2011) to 0.25 trips per 1 inhabitant (2018–2019), but it is still low, and the country is still far behind most others, being at the level of Africa. Using statistical information on the passenger turnover of airports and the population of 36 states and union territories, the values of the level of air mobility of their population were calculated, i.e. the number of round trips by aircraft per inhabitant of each region during the year. There are large regional differences in this level: it is higher on the islands, in small states and union territories with large airports; the average level is typical for economically more developed regions, the low level is for economically more backward and peripheral ones, as well as in areas with a developed network of railways. During the 2010s, it increased significantly in the economically backward states and union territories in comparison with the more developed ones, but not so much in the regions of high and medium levels of economic activity for their population, as well as in the mountains, and even less in the most economically developed states. Due to the COVID-2019 epidemic, the level of air mobility decreased by 3 times (from 0.25 in 2019–2020 to 0.08 trips per 1 inhabitant in 2020–2021). The largest decline in air mobility in the first year of the pandemic was observed in states with large airports, which had a large share of international passenger traffic before the pandemic (they declined the most), as well as in remote island union territories.
Long-Term Changes in the Level of the Caspian Sea and Modern Options for Their Forecasting
Authors: Ermakov V. B.
Published: April 2024

Various approaches to the study and forecast of long-term changes in the average annual level of the Caspian Sea are considered. Within the framework of the most common methods, it is considered that such estimates are possible only in a probabilistic sense since the main components of the seawater balance behave randomly. However, for the majority of consumers, a specifically designated perspective of a level change and a justification for the answer to the question are important: if there is another significant change, then how long and to what extreme value does it continue? With the accumulation of data on the dynamics of the atmosphere and ocean parameters, including the results of space monitoring, there are more and more reports on the identification of multidecadal recurrence in their time series. Over the past years, attempts have been repeatedly made, based on the study of sea level dynamics, to identify cyclical components within its time series in order to use them both to describe sharp declines and rises that occurred earlier and to predict similar changes in the future. Data analysis in this case consists of searching for such periods of variability within which the requirements of limited periodic composition and stability of the components that form the time series would be met. With the help of a specially created software environment, a study of a series consisting of historical and modern data on observations of the level of the Caspian Sea over the past 230 years was carried out in order to identify stable periodicities and build an approximating polynomial with their help. It is shown that in this time interval, in addition to the centuries-old trend, there are two clearly expressed quasi-cyclical components. The approximation made using them well describes the entire previous dynamics of the level up to 2021 and can be used as a basis for constructing forecast estimates.
Modeling of Sustainable Land Use of Mountain Pastures in Kyrgyzstan Based on Effective Management of Livestock Practices
Authors: Andreeva O. V. , Kust G. S. , Lobkovskiy V. A.
Published: April 2024

On the example of complex analysis of rangeland systems of Kyrgyzstan located in different natural conditions (key objects “Balykchi (Kyok-Moynok),” “Kyok-Oy,” “Suu-Samir”) the possibility of applying the methodology of sustainable land management modeling for assessment and improvement of traditional mountain pastures is shown. The main parameters of sustainable pasture management models for the considered territories were defined including 3 main groups: land potential, adverse impacts (actual processes and phenomena), risk of degradation (potential processes), whose content is divided into 8 subgroups and includes natural conditions and expanded resource potential, ability to self-recovery and sufficiency of socioeconomic conditions, natural and anthropogenic impacts and risks defined for these groups. A systematic list of successful practices in the use of mountain rangelands in Kyrgyzstan has been compiled. The analysis of different practices and their role in maintaining the sustainability of specific models, depending on the baseline situation, biophysical and socioeconomic conditions, has been conducted. The results are summarized and presented in the petal diagrams’ form. It is shown that the effectiveness of sustainable rangeland management models is determined by a set of successful practices. The article reveals a natural growth of volume and diversity of applied practices as the growth of anthropogenic potential of rangeland systems. The proposed approaches can be used as part of the practical management of rangelands by pastoralist societies and are included as methodological recommendations for the development of rangeland legislation and the assessment of the effectiveness of rangeland livestock, taking into account the completeness of the set of practices and technologies applied in different natural conditions.
Сatastrophic Phenomena in the last Decades Associated with the Degradation of Glaciers and Permafrost in Mountains (Analytical Review)
Authors: Bekkiev M. Yu. , Dokukin M. D. , Kalov R. Kh.
Published: April 2024

Based on the analysis of Earth remote sensing materials and publications, data on catastrophic manifestations of dangerous natural processes associated with the degradation of glaciers and mountain permafrost caused by climate change are presented. Amid accelerated rates of glacier degradation, catastrophic manifestations of their dynamics are more often observed—detachment of glaciers and ice avalanches, ice-rock avalanches. In the Central and Western Caucasus, there is an intensification of rock and ice-rock avalanches, the maximum of which had a runout distance of up to 11.3 km (on Mount Kazbek in 2014), with an affected area of 3.2 km2 (in the Aksaut gorge in 2022). In 2021–2022, there were catastrophic glaciers detachments and ice-stone avalanches on the Marmolada mountain in the Alps, in the Juuku gorge in the Tien Shan and in the Ronti Gad River valley in the Himalayas. The Sedongpu glacier detachment in Eastern Tibet in 2018 had the maximum volume (130 mln m3). Melting of ice in moraine pedestals (massifs of mountain permafrost) leads to the formation of debris flows of gigantic runout volumes, reaching 300 mln m3 or more. The blocking of underground drain channels inside rock glaciers is associated with the accumulation of water in long-empty basins and the formation of lakes with their subsequent catastrophic outburst. The processes occurring in glaciers and moraine complexes often have an inherited and interdependent nature and a long period of preparation, which allows on the basis of constant monitoring using satellite images to identify prognostic signs and warn in advance of the imminent danger.
Changes in the Functional Use of the Space of Dagestan Settlements in the Conditions of Socioeconomic Transformations of Mountainous Territories
Authors: Ershov A. M. , Imangulov L. R. , Savoskul M. S.
Published: April 2024

The article considers the transformation of the settlement structure of the Dagestan mountainous territories and changes in the daily use of the mountain villages’ space as an interconnected process using the evolutionary-functional principle and the principle of multi-scale. To achieve the study objectives, a typology of the mountainous and foothill territories of Dagestan was carried out based on the analysis of the population of settlements, their high-altitude and center-peripheral position. Further, in accordance with the typology carried out, key villages were selected to study the directions of transformation of the villages’ space functional use by their residents. In addition to statistical data, the study is based on the materials of three expeditions to the Republic of Dagestan in 2020–2022. The authors surveyed 10 districts and more than 30 rural settlements. The methodology of the mountain villages’ survey is based on the method of field observations, expert and narrative interviews. In addition, as the key most typical mountain villages, the features of the use of public spaces by residents of the five settlements of Fiy, Tsumada, Echeda, Tlokh, Gubden are considered in detail (data on other surveyed settlements were used to identify common patterns in the space use). As a study result, it was revealed that the dynamics, internal differentiation and the nature of the use by residents of mountain villages’ public territories is determined by the settlements’ geographical location, the preservation of agrarian functions, the religious factor and to a lesser extent the ethno-cultural differences of local communities, which are more pronounced in mountainous Dagestan compared to other regions of the North Caucasus. The assumption was confirmed that the transformations taking place in the functional use of the village at the local level are the result of socio-cultural changes taking place at the regional and country levels.
Adaptation of Population Activities in the Mountain Areas of Dagestan to Climate Change: Trends in Agriculture
Authors: Gracheva R. G. , Vinogradova V. V. , Muduev Sh. S.
Published: April 2024

The results of the first stage of research on adaptation measures taken by the rural population of mountain regions and the administration of Dagestan in response to climate change are presented. Assessment of climate change over the past 20 years in the Eastern Caucasus with special attention to the mountain territories of Dagestan was carried out based on satellite measurements and reanalysis data. It has been revealed that in the last decade in the middle and high mountains, annual and seasonal temperatures have increased markedly, and the amount of annual and summer precipitation begins to decrease. In general, the mountains of the Eastern Caucasus and Dagestan in particular are becoming warmer and drier. The actions of the population of mountain areas in the field of crop production in response to warming and a growing lack of moisture are mainly aimed, as in many mountainous rural regions of the world, at changing varieties and crops, growing intensive orchards that are more resistant to climate change, expanding the areas of fruit crops in high altitude zone. The unpredictability of weather phenomena caused the active growth of the greenhouse industry. New processes have activated related industries and breeding science in Dagestan. The initiatives of the population are supported by the Program for the Socioeconomic Development of the Mountain Territories of the Republic of Dagestan for 2020–2025, which provides for subsidies and grants, primarily for personal subsidiary plots. The program does not aim to adapt to climate change, but these activities objectively act as support for the population adaptation actions. The agricultural terraces of Dagestan are considered as a potential resource for the agriculture development in the face of climate change, as well as possible tourism objects, which are elements of the historical and cultural heritage and identity of local landscapes.
Chorological Problems of Modern Landscape Studies
Authors: Khoroshev A. V.
Published: April 2024

The description of the spatial structure of a landscape usually comes down to listing the types of morphological units and their area ratios. However, based on a systemic understanding of the landscape, the spatial structure can be considered perfectly described only when the lateral relationships between spatial elements are explained in detail. We provide rationales for the necessity of the transition of landscape science from a simple explanation of spatial differences and relationships to a functional-chorological analysis, which will make it possible to occupy a specific niche among the sciences of natural systems. Based on the materials from the landscape conferences of 2006, 2017, and 2018, priority research topics in spatial organization were established. Their assessment was given in terms of their compliance with the requirements of a systemic approach. We propose a classification of chorological aspects in landscape research. The classification is expected to provide full-fledged systemic content and practical significance for the purposes of territorial planning. The functions of a geocomplex in a higher-rank-order geosystem may differ depending on its size, shape, and spatial context. It is proposed to distinguish 28 functions of geocomplexes or their combinations, which form four groups: function in the flow (relations of the geocomplex with incoming and outgoing abiotic and biotic flows); shape function (relations of a geocomplex with neighboring geocomplexes or surrounding matrix); dominance function (the role of a geocomplex in the enclosing geosystem, depending on its occurrence); and emergence function (the contribution of a group of geocomplexes to the formation of the emergent property of the higher-rank-order geosystem). Identification of socially significant effects of the relative position of natural complexes and selection of optimal positions; neighborhoods of lands is believed to become a privileged contribution of landscape science to the spatial organization of land use and ecological infrastructure.
Russia–Belarus Borderland: Contradictions of Integration and Cross-Border Regionalization. From Friendship to Cooperation?
Authors: Sebentsov A. B. , Morachevskaya K. A. , Karpenko M. S.
Published: April 2024

Cross-border regionalization (CBR) is a process and, at the same time, a result of the cross-border interactions development leading to the emergence of cross-border regions. Rethinking the European experience and the postulates of the Soviet school of economic geography, researchers of the CBR are trying to understand the principles of building cross-border regions along the new and the old borders of Russia. However, many fundamental questions remain open. What impact do interstate integration initiatives have on CBR? What makes a more significant contribution to regionalization: the institutionalization of cross-border interactions, good neighborhood relations, or the presence of functional ties between neighbors? The aim of the paper is to contribute to this discussion using the case of the Russian-Belarusian borderland, which is characterized by a low barrier function as well as cultural and historical closeness. The conceptual basis is the understanding of CBR as a process determined by both internal (often “objective”) and external (“subjective”) factors, which makes it possible to reconcile “objectivist” and “constructivist” research approaches. The paper is based on the analysis of official statistical information, the results of many years of field research, including expert interviews as well as expert questioning. The study showed that integration processes slow down the divergence of the regions of the Russian-Belarusian borderland in socio-economic terms, but do not lead to noticeable convergence. The combination of these processes, on the one hand, undermines the potential of the CBR, and on the other hand, creates the preconditions for the formation of “border rent”, the complementarity of labor markets, and the function of a “buffer zone” by the borderland. Along with transit location and location between capitals, CBR is affected by peripherization, which goes hand in hand with the destruction of the cross-border transport connectivity of the territory. The everyday practices of the local residents still create a relatively strong cooperation network, but leaving of the Soviet generations and the ongoing depopulation of the borderland may eventually lead to the degradation of cross-border interactions. It was revealed that the lack of institutionalization and financial support for cooperation is perceived by experts as a serious limiting factor, especially those that have experience in implementing neighborhood programs on the borders with the EU.
PENGARUH KOMPONEN MODAL INTELEKTUAL TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Hasan Waode Adriani , Malik Ernawati , Rezky Ushrathul Fathya
Published: April 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk menguji pengaruh komponen modal intelektual terhadap kinerja perusahaan yang di ukur dengan return on asset. Populasi penelitian ini adalah perusahaan sektor keuangan non-bank yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama tahun 2018-2021. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 23 perusahaan yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari ketiga komponen modal intelektual yang diuji, komponen yang paling dominan dalam mempengaruhi kinerja perusahaan dalam ini return on asset (ROA) adalah value added capital employee (VACA) dan value added human capital (VAHU), sedangkan komponen value added structural capital (STVA) tidak mempengaruhi ROA
PERAMALAN INFLASI DI KOTA BUKITTINGGI MENGGUNAKAN METODE SARIMA (SEASONAL AUTOREGRESSIVE INTEGRATED MOVING AVERAGE)
Authors: Nugrahmi Lidya , Heikal Jerry
Published: April 2024

ABSTRAK: Data dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Sumatera Barat, pada bulan Februari 2023, tingkat inflasi di Kota Bukittinggi berada di peringkat keempat dari 90 kota di Indonesia yang mengalami inflasi secara nasional year on year. Dari 90 Kota di Indonesia, terdapat 2 Kota di Sumatera Barat yang menghitung tingkat Inflasi, yaitu Kota Padang dan Kota Bukittinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini Untuk mengetahui nilai peramalan inflasi Kota Bukittinggi menggunakan metode SARIMA. Penelitian ini menggunakan data musiman bps.go.id berupa pola pergerakan harga bahan pokok. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode SARIMA. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini Model SARIMA terbaik yang terbentuk dari peramalan inflasi Kota Bukittinggi periode Juli 2023 sampai dengan Desember 2025 adalah model pdq (1,0,0) PDQ (1,0,1). Kata Kunci: Inflasi; SARIMA; EViews
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRESENTASE PENDUDUK MISKIN DI 38 KABUPATEN/KOTA PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Aji Andika Purnama
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengeluaran per kapita, sarana Kesehatan, rata-rata lama sekolah, dan produk domestik regional bruto terhadap persentase penduduk miskin di 38 Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Timur tahun 2019-2021. Data ini diambil melalui Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). Penelitian ini menggunakan variabel dependen persentase penduduk miskin dan variabel independen rata-rata pengeluaran per kapita, sarana Kesehatan, rata-rata lama sekolah, dan produk domestik regional bruto. Alat analisis yang digunakan yaitu regresi data panel dengan model terpilih Fixed Effects Model (FEM). Berdasarkan hasil regresi data panel dijelaskan bahwa rata-rata lama sekolah berpengaruh positif terhadap persentase penduduk miskin, dan produk domestik regional bruto berpengaruh negatif terhadap persentase penduduk miskin di 38 Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Timur. Rata-rata pengeluaran per kapita dan sarana Kesehatan tidak berpengaruh terhadap persentase penduduk miskin di 38 Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Timur. Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Timur diharapkan bisa menekan persentase penduduk miskin dengan cara memaksimalkan produk domestik regional bruto dan pendidikan.
ANALISIS BUDAYA ORGANISASI, GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA DINAS PERPUSTAKAAN DAN KEARSIPAN KABUPATEN KAMPAR
Authors: Norawati Suarni , Nasution Enryanis
Published: April 2024

Kinerja pegawai pada instansi pemerintahan menjadi menjadi isu yang sangatstrategis saat ini. Berbagai upaya dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kinerja pegawai. Salah satunyaperlu diketahui faktor apa saja yang memperngaruhi kinerja pegawai tersebut. Penelitian inibertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengalisis 1) pengaruh budaya organisasi terhadap kinerjapegawai; 2) pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja pegawai; 3) pengaruh komitmenorganisasi terhadap kinerja pegawai; 4) pengaruh budaya organisasi, gaya kepemimpinan dankomitmen organisasi terhadap kinerja pegawai.Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Dinas Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Kabupaten Kampar.Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh dengan penyebaran kuesionerdan file riset. Sampel penelitian adalah 50 pegawai dan analisis data dilakukan denganmenggunakan model regersi linear berganda, dan pengujian hipotesis dilakukan pada alpha 5%.Tahapan analisis adalah analisa deskriptif statistik, pengujian validitas dan reliabilitas, pengujianasumsi klasik dan pengujian hipotesis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa 1)budaya organisasi terbukti secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai; 2) gayakepemimpinan secara parsial terbukti berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai; 3)komitmen organisasi secara parsial terbukti berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai; 4)budaya organisasi, gaya kepemimpinan dan komitmen organisasi secara simultan terbuktiberpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai.Kata Kunci: Kinerja, Budaya Organisasi, Gaya Kepemimpinan, Komitmen Organisasi
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH, LINGKUNGAN KERJA, MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP DISIPLIN KERJA SERTA DAMPAKNYA PADA KINERJA GURU DI SMA NEGERI 1 MANDAU KABUPATEN BENGKALIS
Authors: Sijabat Helmina , Yusup Yusup
Published: April 2024

Kualitas pendidikan sangat tergantung pada kinerja guru. Kinerja guru merupakancapaian dari hasil kerja dalam suatu periode tertentu. Memiliki guru yang memiliki kinerja yangbaik dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor diantaranya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, lingkungan kerja,motivasi kerja serta disiplin kerja guru. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Mandau, dengantujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, lingkungankerja dan motivasi terhadap disiplin kerja, untuk menganalisis pengaruh langsung kepemimpinankepala sekolah, lingkungan kerja dan motivasi terhadap kinerja guru, menganalisis pengaruhdisiplin kerja terhadap kinerja guru, menganalisis pengaruh tidak langsung kepemimpinan kepalasekolah, lingkungan kerja dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru melalui disiplin kerja sebagaivariabel moderasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dari 63 orang gurusebagai sampel. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, kuesioner, file riset. Alatanalisa data dilakukan dengan menggunakan struktural equation model dan dalam pengolahan datadigunakan program smartPLS.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka disimpulan bahwa kepemimpinan kepala sekolah,lingkungan kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap disiplin kerja, sedangkan motivasi tidakberpengaruh terhadap disiplin kerja guru. Kemudian terdapat pengaruh langsung secara signifikandari variabel kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja guru, begitu jugadengan variabel disiplin kerja, sedangkan motivasi kerja tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadapkinerja guru. Selanjutnya secara tidak langsung kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan lingkungankerja melalui disiplin berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja guru. Namun, disiplin kerja tidakmampu menjadi variabel mediasi antara motivasi kerja dengan kinerja guru di SMA Negeri 1Mandau.Kata Kunci: Kinerja, Kepemimpinan, Lingkungan Kerja, Motivasi, Disiplinx`
Компетентнісний конструкт управлінської діяльності керівника закладу освіти: від теорії до практики моделювання
Authors: Саух Ірина
Published: April 2024

У статті наголошується на важливій ролі освітньої галузі задля успішної реалізації стратегії повоєнного відновлення країни, формування концептуально нових організаційних механізмів і підходів до управлінської діяльності в системі освіти, зокрема в цьому контексті компетентнісний підхід визначається однією з основ освітньої політики.Доведено необхідність трансформації концептуальних засад професійної діяльності керівника закладу освіти в умовах державно-громадського управління на засадах партнерської взаємодії в компетентнісний конструкт з огляду на методологію креативної управлінської діяльності. Визначені найважливіші передумови трансформації моделі професійної компетентності креативного керівника освітнього закладу. На цій основі здійснено побудову моделі професійної компетентності керівника в умовах державно-громадського управління на засадах партнерської взаємодії. Відзначається бінарність цього процесу: по-перше, з одного боку, мета, що безперечно обумовлена нагальним суспільним запитом на креативних компетентних керівників нового часу; по-друге, це системне структуроване утворення, яке відображає потреби, фіксує вимоги до професійних, управлінських, особистісних якостей фахівців керуючої системи освітньої організації.
Інституційний аудит і самооцінювання закладу освіти: єдність та протиріччя в результатах
Authors: Лукіна Тетяна
Published: April 2024

У статті актуалізовано проблему створення моделі забезпечення якості освіти в закладах загальної середньої освіти, що ґрунтується на поєднанні механізмів зовнішнього оцінювання діяльності школи з процедурами самооцінки результатів функціонування закладу та передбачає використання можливостей оцінювання для розвитку шкільної культури і поліпшення професійної компетентності педагогічних працівників. З’ясовано, що надання закладам освіти права самостійно визначатися із структуру внутрішньої системи забезпечення якості освіти призводить до використання різних індикаторів і критеріїв самооцінювання досягнутих результатів, що ускладнює аналіз ситуації та формулювання висновків. Запропоновано методичний підхід до порівняння означених результатів оцінювання різних аспектів діяльності школи, що передбачає процедури узгодження шкал та ранжування параметрів освітньої і управлінської діяльності закладів за величиною відмінностей у середніх значеннях результатів рангової оцінки. Наголошено, що виявлення відмінностей у результатах оцінювання діяльності середніх шкіл різними суб’єктами дасть можливість зосередитися на тих аспектах роботи закладу освіти, які виявляються найбільш проблемними, що, своєю чергою, сприятиме вдосконаленню методики інституційного аудиту та внутрішньої оцінки школи. Проведено порівняльний аналіз результатів зовнішніх перевірок (інституційного аудиту) та самооцінювання закладів загальної середньої освіти з метою виявлення спільних рис і протиріч у баченні різними суб’єктами оцінювання якості реалізації певних характеристик освітніх і управлінських процесів. З’ясовано, що можливі комбінації результатів оцінювання зовнішніми аудиторами і директорами шкіл характеристик освітніх і управлінських процесів разом з самооцінками керівників ЗЗСО ступеня своєї об’єктивності утворюють три основні варіанти інтерпретації комбінованої оцінки діяльності закладу освіти: «жорстке оцінювання», «м’який спротив» та «конфліктне оцінювання».
Музейна педагогіка і кінематограф: сучасні концепції музейних фільмів
Authors: Караманов Олексій , Горовий Анатолій , Топилко Олег
Published: April 2024

У статті проаналізовано особливості взаємодії музейної педагогіки із сучасним кінематографом на основі різних типів та форматів музейних фільмів у контексті організації комунікації з відвідувачами. Визначено історичні аспекти еволюції музейних фільмів, особливості проєктування та створення дидактичних фільмів, поняття «музейна драматургія». Охарактеризовано три важливі напрями музейних фільмів, які стосуються елементів документального та ігрового кіно, біографічних фільмів та авторського кіно. Розглянуто п’ять концепцій музейних фільмів трьох українських режисерів, проаналізовано їх особливості та можливості застосування в освітньому процесі для учнів та студентів.
Тенденції вживання епонімів у виховному навчанні хімії (на прикладі імені Дмитра Менделєєва)
Authors: Слабін Володимир
Published: April 2024

У виховному навчанні важлива роль видатних учених, імена яких часто закріплені в епонімах або іменних назвах. Найбільш популярним прикладом у хімічній освіті є ім’я Дмитра Івановича Менделєєва з його епонімами – Періодичною системою хімічних елементів та таблицею. Мета дослідження – оцінити сьогоднішній стан менделєєвських епонімів у світі, а також прийнятність особистості Менделєєва як прикладу у виховному навчанні хімії. Для виявлення та відстеження епонімів, а також портретів та біографії ученого було переглянуто 106 підручників хімії, у тому числі підручники радянського часу й сучасні російські (11) та українські (16). Для оцінки наявності в інтернеті епонімів «таблиця Менделєєва» та «система Менделєєва» було проведено розширений пошук Google із запитами англійською, білоруською, латиською, німецькою, польською, російською та українською мовами. Встановлено, що хоча епоніми «система Менделєєва» та «таблиця Менделєєва» поширені в інтернеті, вони використовуються переважно в рунеті. У сучасних українських (2008–21) та російських підручниках хімії спостерігається звуження портрета та біографії Менделєєва аж до їхнього повного зникнення. Причинами занепаду є: (а) природне старіння пов’язаних з ними хімічних реалій; (б) спірність пріоритету Менделєєва у встановленні періодичного закону та побудові періодичної системи хімічних елементів, (в) неоднозначне ставлення до особистості Менделєєва та (г) неоднозначне ставлення до Росії як країни, для якої він працював.
Психолого-дидактичний алгоритм індивідуалізації навчально-пізнавальної діяльності студентів в умовах змішаного навчання
Authors: Малихін Олександр , Демчук Олег
Published: April 2024

У статті розглядаються питання розроблення психолого-­дидактичного алгоритму індивідуалізації навчально-­пізнавальної діяльності студентів в умовах змішаного навчання, який складається з таких етапів: ознайомлення викладача з психолого-­дидактичними особливостями організації та здійснення педагогічних дій (дидактичних, психолого-­дидактичних та ін.), спрямованих на забезпечення індивідуалізації навчання студентів в умовах змішаного навчання; надання викладачу допомоги щодо вивчення індивідуальних (індивідуально-­психологічних та індивідуально-­типологічних) особливостей студентів; знайомство зі специфікою формування, розвитку та діагностування рівня сформованості та рівня розвитку ключових компетентностей студентів; добір діагностувального інструментарію для вимірювання рівня сформованості та розвитку наскрізних умінь, ключових і предметних компетентностей; розроблення індивідуальних (індивідуально-­самостійних) завдань для студентів; усвідомлення викладачем прямої кореляційної залежності його здатності працювати індивідуально зі студентами від рівня розвитку його цифрової компетентності.За результатами систематичного та системного діагностування рівня розвитку ключових компетентностей і наскрізних умінь, ураховуючи індивідуально-­психологічні та індивідуально-­типологічні особливості студентів, обравши діагностики для виявлення рівня сформованості вищезгаданих ключових компетентностей і наскрізних умінь, викладач може оцінити ефективність дібраних ним індивідуальних завдань, проєктів тощо для студентів та, за необхідності, скоригувати індивідуальні прогалини в набутих знаннях та сформованих уміннях і навичках студентів.Пропоновані засоби діагностування рівня розвитку ключових компетентностей і наскрізних умінь студентів можуть також бути використані задля формувального оцінювання освітніх досягнень здобувачів вищої освіти та корегування їхньої подальшої індивідуальної освітньої траєкторії.
Реалізація компетентнісного підходу при викладанні хімічних дисциплін здобувачам вищих медичних закладів освіти
Authors: Велика Алла
Published: April 2024

Статтю присвячено викладанню хімічних дисциплін у закладах вищої освіти, обговоренню загальних вимог компетентнісного підходу у навчанні. Визначено поняття компетенції та компетентнісного підходу, виокремлено критерії сформованості готовності до професійної діяльності випускників вищих навчальних закладів. Проаналізовано основні компоненти, що формують компетентнісно-­орієнтовану освіту. Обґрунтовано умови реалізації формування готовності до професійної діяльності майбутніх фахівців, виокремлено роль компетентнісного підходу у вивченні хімії студентами закладів вищої освіти.