bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protein composition and technological properties of milk whey concentrates
Authors: Minorova A. , Romanchuk I. , Zhukova Ya. , Krushelnytska N. , Vezhlivtseva S.
Published: November 2017

Aim. To study the composition of commercial samples of whey protein concentrates obtained by the method of ultrafi ltration from cheese whey and present on the Ukrainian market. Methods. Determination of nitrogen- containing fractions by the Kjeldahl method, protein composition – by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel, amino acid composition – on the amino acid analyzer, functional and technological properties of concen- trates, characterizing their ability to participate in surface phenomena, – by conventional methods. Results. It was determined that the protein fractions of the investigated industrial samples are mainly β-globulin and α-lactalbumin, the total content of which is from 90 to 96 %. It was noted that the concentrates with a higher content of total protein have a smaller proportion of non-protein nitrogen and caseins. It was determined that the amino acid content of dry cheese whey is lower than that of the concentrates. It was established that the increase in protein content in concentrates
up to 70–80 % leads to a signifi cant increase in the foam-forming, water-retaining, fat-retaining and emulsifying capacities of concentrates in comparison with the milk whey. It was noted that the indicators characterizing the technological properties of the investigated commercial sam- ples of concentrates with the same protein content may vary within 10–15 %. Conclusions. It was established that the investigated commercial samples of whey protein concentrates have an increased biological value and improved functional and technological properties in comparison with dry cheese whey, which allows using them in the formulations of other food products. To obtain fi nal products with stable characteristics, it is neces- sary to evaluate the technological properties of concentrates entering the enterprise as part of implementing the activities of the product quality management system.
Weapon Carrying Among Victims of Bullying
Authors: Pham Tammy B. , Schapiro Lana E. , John Majnu , Adesman Andrew
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVES:

To examine, in a large, nationally representative sample of high school students, the association between bullying victimization and carrying weapons to school and to determine to what extent past experience of 1, 2, or 3 additional indicators of peer aggression increases the likelihood of weapon carrying by victims of bullying (VoBs).

METHODS:

National data from the 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Survey were analyzed for grades 9 to 12 (N = 15 624). VoB groups were determined by self-report of being bullied at school and additional adverse experiences: fighting at school, being threatened or injured at school, and skipping school out of fear for one’s safety. Weapon carrying was measured by a dichotomized (ie, ≥1 vs 0) report of carrying a gun, knife, or club on school property. VoB groups were compared with nonvictims with respect to weapon carrying by logistic regression adjusting for sex, grade, and race/ethnicity.

RESULTS:

When surveyed, 20.2% of students reported being a VoB in the past year, and 4.1% reported carrying a weapon to school in the past month. VoBs experiencing 1, 2, or 3 additional risk factors were successively more likely to carry weapons to school. The subset of VoBs who experienced all 3 additional adverse experiences were more likely to carry weapons to school compared with nonvictims (46.4% vs 2.5%, P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Pediatricians should recognize that VoBs, especially those who have experienced 1 or more indicators of peer aggression in conjunction, are at substantially increased risk of weapon carrying.
Método cualitativo rápido (screening) para la detección de residuos de plaguicidas en frutas y hortalizas
Authors: Huérfano Barco Iván Mauricio , Guerrero Dallos Jairo Arturo
Published: November 2017

Debido a la importancia de desarrollar metodologías que permitan el análisis de los residuos agrícolas, el presente trabajo validó un método cualitativo rápido (screening) para el análisis de residuos de plaguicidas en frutas y hortalizas. La metodología se basó en el método de extracción QuEChERS, versión europea, con un paso adicional de limpieza por cromatografía de permeación por gel (GPC), lo cual permitió reducir la cantidad de componentes de la matriz en el extracto final. El análisis fue realizado por cromatografía de gases/espectrometría de masas con un analizador cuadrupolo simple. La metodología resultó adecuada para el análisis cualitativo de 31 plaguicidas a su respectivo límite máximo de residuos. Los resultados en muestras reales fueron consistentes respecto a una metodología cuantitativa de rutina, por ende, la metodología resultó ser una buena alternativa para el análisis rápido de estos contaminantes.
Efecto de la estructura molecular sobre el espectro electrónico vertical de la oxoglaucina
Authors: Daza Espinosa Martha Cecilia , Hernández Diana Marcela , Rodriguez-Serrano Angela Susana , Doerr Markus
Published: November 2017

Se investigó el espectro electrónico vertical de la oxoglaucina utilizando el método de interacción de configuraciones multireferencial (DFT/MRCI). Se analizó el efecto de los grupos metilo y metoxilo sobre la geometría y la distribución energética de los estados excitados de baja energía utilizando la base TZVP. Se encontró que, en los mínimos del estado fundamental de oxoglaucina, oxoglaucina sin grupos metilo y sin grupos metoxilo, los estados excitados singulete de más baja energía son de tipo nπ* (S1) y ππ* (S2) y que los estados triplete ππ* (T1) y nπ* (T2) son energéticamente accesibles desde S1. Desde el punto de vista energético, se encontró que el canal más eficiente para el entrecruzamiento de sistemas singulete-triplete es 1(nπ*)⇝3(ππ*). Aunque la presencia de los grupos metilo y metoxilo distorsionan la planaridad del sistema de anillos, su efecto en la distribución (vertical) de los estados singulete y triplete de más baja energía es mínimo.
Transamidación y transamidación-reducción de N-benciltiramina con DMF
Authors: Díaz Oviedo Christian , Quevedo Pastor Ariel Rodolfo
Published: November 2017

La tiramina y la N-benciltiramina reaccionan con formaldehído para formar azaciclofanos por medio de condensaciones tipo Mannich aromáticas y reaccionan con aldehídos no enolizables para formar las respectivas bases de Schiff. En este artículo se presenta la síntesis inesperada de N-bencil-N-formiltiramina y N-bencil-N-metiltiramina por medio de reacciones de transamidación y de transamidación-reducción de N-benciltiramina con N,N-dimetilformamida. Para explicar el curso de la reacción se propuso un mecanismo que involucra la formilación de N-benciltiramina y posterior reducción de Leuckart-Wallach inducida por ácido fórmico generado in situ.
Estudio de la adsorción de 4-nitrofenol desde solución acuosa sobre un carbón activado con heteroátomos nitrogenados en la superficie. Aplicación del modelo de Sips
Authors: Carvajal Bernal Ana María , Gomez Granados Fernando Augusto , Giraldo Gutiérrez Liliana , Moreno Piraján Juan Carlos
Published: November 2017

Se evaluó la aminación de un carbón activado preoxidado con ácido nítrico en la adsorción de 4-nitrofenol. Se aplicó el modelo de Sips a la adsorción desde solución acuosa, utilizando Sigmoidal Logistic 3 Parameter del programa SigmaPlot 12. Los parámetros obtenidos se compararon con los calculados con el programa Statistica 7 para los modelos de Sips y Langmuir. Se encontró que la modificación realizada sobre el carbón activado incrementó la adsorción de 4-nitrofenol de 2,16 a 2,19 mmol·g-1, aumentando, a su vez, la afinidad adsorbente-adsorbato. El parámetro para la energía característica del sistema determinado con el modelo de Langmuir toma un valor de 377,47 L·mmol-1 al no considerar la heterogeneidad energética, mientras que a partir del modelo de Sips se presenta un valor de 8,32 (L·mmol-1)1/n. Adicionalmente, se encontró que en la ecuación matemática Sigmoidal Logistic 3 Parameter del programa SigmaPlot el valor de 1/x0 corresponde a la constante KLF del modelo Langmuir-Freundlich, mientras que el valor del parámetro KS del modelo de Sips es igual a (1/x0)-b. Se concluye que la adsorción de 4-nitrofenol sobre el carbón activado se favorece por el incremento de grupos nitrogenados sobre su superficie.
Diseño experimental para determinar el efecto del tamaño del pellet de catalizadores bimetálicos Cu-Ni en la reacción de desplazamiento de agua
Authors: Arbelaez Perez Oscar Felipe , Lopez Rios Victor Ignacio , Villa Holguin Aida Luz , Villegas Quiceno Adriana Patricia
Published: November 2017

Se sintetizaron catalizadores bimetálicos de Cu-Ni en relación molar 2-1 en pellets cilíndricos de carbón activado de diferentes diámetros (0,2 cm; 0,3 cm y 0,4 cm) y longitud (0,4 cm y 0,6 cm); se evaluaron en la reacción de desplazamiento de agua a 330 °C y presión atmosférica. Se realizó un diseño experimental para evaluar el efecto de las variables, diámetro y longitud, sobre la conversión del monóxido de carbono. La importancia de los principales factores y sus interacciones se examinaron por medio del análisis de varianza (ANOVA). Los resultados mostraron que tanto el diámetro como la longitud afectan significativamente la conversión del monóxido de carbono. Los resultados de la actividad catalítica, bajo las mejores condiciones de diámetro (0,4 cm) y longitud (0,6 cm) de los pellets, mostraron una conversión del monóxido de carbono del 96%.
Método preparativo para la obtención de ácido ursólico a partir de Clinopodium revolutum
Authors: Ludeña Huaman Michael Azael
Published: November 2017

En este trabajo se propuso un método para obtener ácido ursólico (AU) de manera fácil, rápida y económica teniendo como materia prima la planta medicinal Clinopodium revolutum endémica del Perú, conocida y comercializada con el nombre de flor de arena o té indio. La técnica de recristalización selectiva que se empleó resultó ser eficiente debido a que se obtuvo cristales de AU sin la necesidad de métodos cromatograficos de purificación ni el uso de solventes tóxicos. La pureza determinada por HPLC es mayor a 95%. Así, la flor de arena se convierte en una importante biofuente de este compuesto.
Nutritional status, cardiovascular health, VO2 max and habits in university students: a comparison between two health promotion careers
Authors: Rivera-Torres Ingrid , Floody-Munita Melisa , Delgado-Floody Pedro , Schifferli-Castro Ingrid , Osorio-Poblete Aldo , Martínez Salazar Cristian
Published: November 2017

Introducción. Los estudiantes universitarios se encuentran en una etapa del ciclo vital clave para la adopción de estilos de vida.Objetivo. El propósito de este estudio fue determinar y comparar el VO2máx, el porcentaje de masa grasa, el perfil bioquímico y el consumo de alcohol y tabaco en estudiantes universitarios de dos carreras.Materiales y métodos. Participaron en la investigación 53 estudiantes universitarios de primer año con un promedio de 19.25 años de edad. 30 eran de la carrera de Pedagogía en Educación Física y 23 de Nutrición y Dietética de la Universidad de La Frontera en el año 2014. Se evaluó peso, talla, índice de masa corporal, contorno cintura, porcentaje de masa grasa, presión arterial, perfil bioquímico y VO2máx.Resultados. El 32% de los estudiantes presentó exceso de peso, 50.9% reportó alteración de la presión arterial, 28.3% tuvo prehipertensión y 22.6%, hipertensión arterial. A su vez, el 50.9% presentó un nivel sobre lo normal de masa grasa, el 18.8% manifestó hábito tabáquico y el 41.5% reconoció consumir alcohol con frecuencia. En relación al VO2máx, se observó que un 48.9% estaba ubicado en el rango de malo a regular. Respecto a la comparación por carreras, se encontraron diferencias significativas en las variables talla, VO2máx (capacidad aeróbica máxima) y porcentaje de masa grasa (p<0.05).Conclusiones. Los estudiantes son propensos al desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, lo que supone una situación preocupante, pues en el área profesional se transformarán en promotores de estilos de vida saludable.
A ofensiva política dos EUA sobre a América Latina na visão alemã: uma face do confronto interimperialista (1938)
Authors: Gordim da Silveira Helder
Published: November 2017

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Screen memory: The Jewish question
Authors: Feigelson Kristian , Portuges Catherine
Published: November 2017

This paper explores intersections of memory and cinematic representation in contemporary Hungarian film culture. Since the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, with the concomitant financial crisis in Hungarian cinema, a number of films have foregrounded questions of Jewish identity, a taboo subject on Hungarian screens after 1945 when nationalistic historiography supported an official government culture of denial with regard to responsibility for the deportation and extermination of some 550 000 Hungarian Jews. The production of relatively few narrative and documentary films on this subject, the essay suggests, is perhaps in part attributable to the fact that the Hungarian uprising of 1956 tended to eclipse the drama of Jewish deportation and genocide. The authors consider post-socialist filmmakers’ uses of the past in the context of the country’s current nationalistic climate, interrogating the impact of controversal films such as László Nemes’s Son of Saul (2015, Grand Prix, Cannes Film Festival ; Academy Award for best foreign film) within a Hungarian society still conflicted about its Holocaust trauma.
Irony and intertextuality in Cat City
Authors: Deák Anita
Published: November 2017

Most Hungarian cartoons were meant for the whole family rather than just children. Due to this fact, everyone could enjoy the stories, the little ones loved the animal characters, which were often in the center, and the adults could laugh at the ironic and caricaturistic situations and representations. In my research I analyze the hidden meanings of a classic Hungarian cartoon entitled Cat City, brought up through intertextuality, allegory, irony and other rhetorical devices that might communicate an underlying meaning. I also examine the kinds of television tropes and archetypical characters that are likely to appear in the cartoon. The cartoon’s main situation is the fight between cats and mice, and it is a parody of several famous feature films, focusing mainly on the James Bond series. The main plot is about a special spy who is sent to the city of “Pokyo” to get the secret plan for a machine which could save the mouse civilization. These underlying meanings greatly added to the Hungarian cartoon’s popularity, which sometimes represented the symbols and even flaws of the communist system.
La structure temporelle et spatiale dans le roman de Dezső Malonyay intitulé « Az utolsó » (Le dernier)
Authors: Gergye László
Published: November 2017

L’article est consacré à un roman artistique peu connu de Dezső Malonyay intitulé « Az utolsó » (Le dernier), spécialement sous l’aspect de la gestion du temps et de l’espace. Il essaye de mettre à jour comment, dans ce roman, les structures de l’espace mythique et empirique sont disposées en miroir, en s’appuyant sur les hétérotopies foucaldiennes telles que le miroir, le bateau, le jardin et la bibliothèque. La bibliothèque est le lieu fixe où, en réunissant les documents de la famille Kerbastik, le protagoniste, qui se préoccupe d’écriture, pourra finalement maitriser l’extension du temps dont l’écoulement provoquait en lui une sensation de grande anxiété. Contrairement à l’autobiographie qu’il rédigeait avec difficulté, l’écriture biographique (des membres de sa famille) remet le temps sur les rails en transformant ce dernier d’ennemi en ami. Dans la présente analyse, une place importante revient au mythe celtique de la ville sous-marine d’Ys et à la variante actualisée de l’histoire de Sodome et Gomorrhe, en raison de leur lien étroit avec le raisonnement présidant à la construction du roman.
Anyai és újszülöttkori B12-vitamin-hiány felismerése kiterjesztett újszülöttkori szűréssel
Authors: Papp Ferenc , Rácz Gábor , Lénárt István , Kóbor Jenő , Bereczki Csaba , Karg Eszter , Baráth Ákos
Published: November 2017

Abstract:

Introduction: Infant vitamin B12 deficiency can manifest as a severe neurodegenerative disorder and is usually caused by maternal deficiency due to vegetarian diet or pernicious anaemia. Its early recognition and treatment can prevent potentially serious and irreversible neurologic damage. Biochemically, vitamin B12 deficiency leads to an accumulation of methylmalonic acid, homocysteine, and propionylcarnitine. Expanded newborn screening using tandem mass spectrometry may identify neonatal and maternal vitamin B12 deficiency by measurement of propionylcarnitine and other metabolites in the dried blood spot sample of newborns. Aim: To summarize our experiences gained by screening for vitamin B12 deficiency. Method: Clinical and laboratory data of vitamin B12-deficient infants diagnosed in Szeged Screening Centre were retrospectively analysed. Results: In Hungary, expanded newborn screening was introduced in 2007. Since then approximately 395 000 newborns were screened in our centre and among them, we identified four newborns with vitamin B12 deficiency based on their screening results. In three cases an elevated propionylcarnitine level and in the fourth one a low methionine level were indicative of vitamin B12 deficiency. We also detected an additional vitamin B12-deficient infant with neurological symptoms at 4 months of age, after a normal newborn screening, because of elevated urinary methylmalonic acid concentration. Vitamin B12 deficiency was secondary to maternal autoimmune pernicious anaemia in all the five infants. As a result of the recognized cases the incidence of infant vitamin B12 deficiency in the East-Hungarian region was 1.26/100 000 births, but the real frequency may be higher. Conslusions: Optimizing the cut off values of current screening parameters and measuring of methylmalonic acid and/or homocysteine in the dried blood spot, as a second tier test, can improve recognition rate of vitamin B12 deficiency. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(48): 1909–1918.
AN ARCHITECTURAL APPROACH FOR QUALITY IMPROVING OF ANDROID APPLICATIONS DEVELOPMENT WHICH IMPLEMENTED TO COMMUNICATION APPLICATION FOR MECHATRONICS ROBOT LABORATORY ONAFT
Authors: Makarenko V. , Olshevska O. , Kornienko Yu.
Published: November 2017

Developing a proper system architecture is a critical factor for the success of the project. After the analysisphase is complete, system design begins. For an effective solution developing it is very important that it will be flexible andscalable. During the system design, its component composition and development tools are determined. The system designphase is an opportunity to maximize the speed and effectiveness of subsequent development.There are quite a lot of architectural approaches for building systems. Despite their small differences, they have much incommon. They all define ways of splitting the application into separate layers. At the same time, in each system, at least, thereis a layer containing the business logic of the application, a layer of data interaction and a layer for displaying data.The "Clean Architecture" approach has been analyzed and adapted to the communication application for mechatronicsrobot laboratory developing. This approach allows to solve all the problems while building the application architecture: itmakes the code modular, tested and easily readable, and also positively affects the quality of development.New architectural components which was introduced by Google in 2017 was considered. The analysis showed that theArchitecture Components fit well into the concept and will interact with the "Clean Architecture" approach. Dagger 2framework was applied for a complete abstraction and simplify testing. Also, it is planned to implement the RxJava library.
WAYS OF EFFICIENCY IMPROVING OF MODERN PRODUCTION
Authors: Voinova S.
Published: November 2017

The most part of the operating technological equipment in Ukraine has spent the estimated resource of workingcapacity, has passed in a limiting condition, therefore works with low technological indicators of efficiency of functioning of atechnical object. These indicators include three components: environmental, economic and general technical efficiency. Theincrease of these indicators is a complex and important problem of increasing the efficiency of functioning of the operatingtechnological objects, control of their condition and operating mode. It can be implemented by partially updating worn-outtechnical facilities. The solution of this problem is characterized by considerable profitability with relatively low resourceintensity. The program of work on renovation requires the development and application of means of operational controls forthe components of technological efficiency of the renovated technical objects and in assessing the possible effectiveness oftheir application. Implementation of the similar program needs strengthening of social responsibility of technicians of alllevels responsible for quality of process of functioning of the worn-out equipment.
FEATURES OF THE MOBILE ROBOTS CONTROL SYSTEMS
Authors: Ihnatiev S. , Yehorov V.
Published: November 2017

The article is devoted to mobile robots. Mobile robots are devices that can move autonomously to accomplishtheir goals. As the title implies the article describes traffic guidance systems for the mobile robots. A generalized scheme of themobile robots control systems is shown. It compiles on the basis of the hierarchical principle. Attention is paid to each level of scheme. In addition, the classification of traffic guidance systems for the mobile robots is being compiled. It gives a detailedanalysis of each block of the scheme. The traffic guidance systems are considered in accordance to the degree of humanparticipation. Much attention is given to the automatic system. The necessity of involvement artificial intelligence in furtherdevelopment has been pointed out.
Moisture sensitivity and dimensional stability of carbonated fibre–cement composites
Authors: Hassan Maan S.
Published: November 2017

The aim of this work was to improve the long-term performance of fabricated eco-cement composites and demonstrate the value-added use of carbon dioxide (CO2) in manufacturing sustainable products with better dimensional stability and moisture resistivity. Experiments were on pressed and non-pressed composites, fabricated with and without carbon dioxide curing. Dimensional stability comparisons were made between composites of date palm fibre and cement subjected to different moisture conditions, including air-dried, oven-dried and saturated conditions. Their flexural performances were then evaluated and compared with control specimens. The results revealed that the application of pressing and carbon dioxide curing as accelerating processing techniques have significant influences on the resultant products. The oven-dried composites exhibited poor flexural toughness behaviour compared with the air-dried or saturated specimens. Fibre growth in the transverse direction due to moisture conditions was observed to be efficient in strengthening the transition bonding areas with the matrix. In comparison with board length, the changes in board thickness and mass due to moisture effects were remarkable. This behaviour suggests that the final volume stability response of the composite is dominated by the orthotropic property due to the various constituents. Microstructural observations confirmed that carbon dioxide curing densified the matrix, leading to better dimensional stability of the composites, even after 25 wetting–drying cycles.
The UMOD Locus: Insights into the Pathogenesis and Prognosis of Kidney Disease
Authors: Devuyst Olivier , Pattaro Cristian
Published: November 2017

The identification of genetic factors associated with kidney disease has the potential to provide critical insights into disease mechanisms. Genome-wide association studies have uncovered genomic regions associated with renal function metrics and risk of CKD. UMOD is among the most outstanding loci associated with CKD in the general population, because it has a large effect on eGFR and CKD risk that is consistent across different ethnic groups. The relevance of UMOD for CKD is clear, because the encoded protein, uromodulin (Tamm–Horsfall protein), is exclusively produced by the kidney tubule and has specific biochemical properties that mediate important functions in the kidney and urine. Rare mutations in UMOD are the major cause of autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease, a condition that leads to CKD and ESRD. In this brief review, we use the UMOD paradigm to describe how population genetic studies can yield insight into the pathogenesis and prognosis of kidney diseases.
Finding fossils in Malapa breccia – medical CT scanning or micro-CT scanning?
Authors: Smilg Jacqueline S.
Published: November 2017

Computed tomography (CT) imaging of fossils has revolutionised the field of palaeontology, allowing researchers to gain a better understanding of fossil anatomy, preservation and conservation. Micro focus X-ray computed tomography (μXCT) has been far more extensively used for these purposes than medical CT (XCT) – mostly because of the exquisite detail that the μXCT scanning modality, using slices of micron thicknesses, can produce. High energy X-rays can potentially penetrate breccia more effectively than lower energy beams. This study demonstrates that lower energy beams produce superior images for prioritising breccia for preparation. Additionally, XCT scanners are numerous, accessible, fast and relatively cost-effective when compared to μXCT scanners – the latter are not freely available, scanning times are much longer and there are significant limitations on the size and weight of scannable objects. Breccia blocks from Malapa were scanned at high and lower energy and images were analysed for image quality, artifact and certainty of diagnosis. Results show that lower energy images are deemed superior to higher energy images for this particular application. This finding, taken together with the limitations associated with the use of μXCT for the imaging of the large breccia from Malapa, shows that XCT is the better modality for this specific application. The ability to choose fossil-bearing breccia, ahead of manual mechanical preparation by laboratory technicians, would allow for the optimal use of limited resources, manual preparatory skills as well as the curtailment of costs.

Significance: 

‘Blind’ manual preparation of fossil-bearing breccia is a costly and time-consuming exercise – and often results in a low yield.
The ability to triage fossil-bearing breccia ahead of manual preparation would allow for the optimal use of limited resources.
Medical CT is better than micro-CT to triage breccia to allow for prioritisation of rocks for manual preparation.
Dispersal of semi-fleshy fruits to rock crevices by a rock-restricted rodent
Authors: White Joseph D.M. , Midgley Jeremy J.
Published: November 2017

Seed dispersal allows successive generations of plants to be mobile in space and time. Heeria argentea’s unusual fruit and its ubiquity in extremely rocky habitats, suggests that this tree requires a specialist disperser. We therefore investigated the dispersal ecology of H. argentea and Hartogiella schinoides. We found M. namaquensis rapidly removed H. argentea and H. schinoides fruits, moving them short distances within and between rock outcrops, and consumed only the pericarps. Birds were observed consuming H. schinoides, but not H. argentea fruits, suggesting M. namaquensis is its sole, specialist disperser. Most H. argentea seeds (65%) with removed pericarps germinated successfully, while intact fruits did not. We show rock outcrops represent fire refugia, allowing H. argentea trees to grow to large sizes, with small stems and a co-occurring, wind-dispersed tree, Widdringtonia nodiflora found away from these sites. This rodent–tree mutualism is perhaps the clearest global example of directed dispersal and shows that these endemic trees are highly adapted for survival in the southwestern Cape habitat and are not tropical relicts.

Significance: 

The fruits of rock-restricted Cape trees are directly dispersed by rock rats to rock outcrops. This is the first description of rodent dispersal of fleshy fruits in South Africa.
This species-specific interaction allows for rapid germination of seeds and protection from frequent fires for adults. This rodent–tree mutualism is perhaps the clearest global example of directed seed dispersal.

Supplementary Video 1:
https://youtu.be/qOgylIJSKpI
Supplementary Video 2:
https://youtu.be/4jWIUrtzpUk
Supplementary Video 3:
https://youtu.be/FtBmh-3oYi4
RNA extraction from Escherichia coli v3
Authors: Pawlowski Alice , LCB Berwanger Lutz
Published: November 2017

RNA extraction from E. coli cells based on the method described by Chomczynski and Sacchi, 1987
Modelos arquitectónicos y decorativos a inicios del siglo X. Algunas certezas y varias hipótesis
Authors: Utrero Agudo María de los Ángeles
Published: November 2017

Partiendo de los datos técnicos, materiales e instrumentales obtenidos gracias a los análisis de las iglesias monásticas de San Miguel de Escalada, San Cebrián de Mazote, Las Mesas de Villaverde y Santiago de Peñalba, pretendemos en este trabajo adentrarnos en el proceso constructivo que encierran estas obras, en la tecnología constructiva que se emplea en ellas, en la transferencia tecnológica que reflejan y en el contexto cronológico y constructivo en el que se enmarcan.
THE ECONOMIC SANCTIONS AS THE INSTRUMENT OF FOREIGN POLICY
Authors: Sedliar Y.
Published: November 2017

The article surveys the definitional issues of the economic sanctions in the international relations theory. It opens with a review of the conceptual background of the economic sanctions through the prism of the methodological approaches of political realism, liberalism and constructivism and then goes on to explore the variables of the efficiency of economic sanctions as foreign policy tool. In conclusion, we discuss the suggestions for perspectives of further research and development of economic sanctions in the foreign policy analysis.
Retrato de família
Authors: Wainer Ann Helen
Published: November 2017

Retrato de família
Segundo dia
Authors: Grzybowsk Adam , Goldman Luis
Published: November 2017

Segundo dia
The "What" and "Hows" of Mindfulness: Using DBT's Mindfulness Skills to Reduce Test Anxiety
Authors: Lothes II John E. , Mochrie Kirk
Published: November 2017

Background: Many studies have shown the positive effects of extended mindfulness interventions on anxiety reduction in several different populations; however, few have yet to examine the effects of mindfulness interventions on test anxiety in a college student population.Aim: This study assesses the effects of overall test anxiety reduction through the use of Dialectical Behavior Therapy's (DBT's) mindfulness skills over an eight-week period among college students.Methods: Participants included 16 college students that were trained in mindfulness, which included an eight-week mindfulness training using DBT's "What" and "How" skills of the mindfulness module. Participants were assessed on text anxiety, general anxiety, and mindfulness at the beginning, mid-way point, and end of the study. A weekly schedule of mindfulness practices was given to participants to complete on their own at home.Results: Participants showed significant within-group reductions in test anxiety from the start of the study (Mean = 56, SD = 11.47) to the end of the study (Mean = 37.56, SD = 9.98).Conclusions: It is likely a mindfulness intervention that specifically teaches the “What” and “How” skills of DBT can help students reduce not only test anxiety, but overall anxiety, as well as increase individual levels of mindfulness based on the self-reported mindfulness questionnaire. Further research is needed to more definitively assess these results matched against a wait-list control group.
Mental Health on University Campuses and the Needs of Students They Seek to Serve
Authors: Goodman Leah
Published: November 2017

Background: The mental health of college students in the U.S. has become an undeniable concern to university administrators, service providers, and the higher education community at large. While universities seek to educate future great minds, their current policies and infrastructure do not unanimously prioritize mental health, thus, they often cannot meet the holistic needs of students and struggle to uphold their central mission.Aim: To outline the literature surrounding mental health in postsecondary education and the holistic needs of university students in order to target the national discussion of mental health toward actionable system change.Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature on college student mental health in the U.S.Results: The literature demonstrates that policy change is necessary to fully support students with psychiatric disabilities and mental health concerns.Conclusions: Mental health is a critical issue for young adults, and college presents a prime developmental context to equip students with the skills for a lifetime of mental health and wellbeing. Further research is needed to explore the impact of implementing innovative programs, curricular changes and supported education programs to support college students.
National Consortium for Building Healthy Academic Communities Position Paper: College Student Mental Health
Authors: Holmes Marcelle
Published: November 2017

No abstract available.
Board of Directors
Authors: BHAC Journal Building Healthy Academic Communities
Published: November 2017

No abstract available.
Editorial Advisory Board
Authors: BHAC Journal Building Healthy Academic Communities
Published: November 2017

No abstract available.
Development of small satellite structure taking into account the use of laser measuring systems
Authors: Shaposhnikov S. N.
Published: November 2017

The article presents some information on the development of the design concept of a small satellite for Earth remote sensing. The AIST-2D engineering test small satellite is a co-development of the Progress Space-Rocket Centre and the Samara National Research University. The article sets forth the requirements to design of the small satellite that was developed taking into account the use of a laser-gaging system. The author describes the process of elaborating 3D design documents with the use of the top-down design method. The results of technical feasibility assessment are given, as well as the recommendations on configuring a small satellite to meet the above-mentioned requirements. The technology of measuring the actual positions of seats for hardware of high positional location accuracy is considered. The technology is based on the use of a laser tracker. The author obtained positive results of dummy tests that proved the correctness of the solutions chosen. The recommendations on further application of this technology are defined.
Advanced methods for assessing sealing ability of valve seals
Authors: Kondrashov Yu. I. , Sergeev R. N.
Published: November 2017

The paper deals with the processes that arise when sealing valve contact surfaces. A mathematical model of elastic contact is proposed that allows solving the problem of deformation of contacting surfaces with allowance for their rigidity by solving a system of linear equations and using the finite element method. To solve the problems of diagnosing and investigating the tightness of contact surfaces, a control and measuring system based on digital speckle interferometry with a continuous laser is proposed.
Optimization of space vehicle trans-atmospheric motion by using the method of sequential linearization
Authors: Balakin V. L. , Ishkov S. A. , Khramov A. A.
Published: November 2017

The paper deals with the task of optimizing a space vehicles trans-atmospheric motion in order to maximize its terminal velocity at prescribed finite values of the height and trajectory inclination angle. The angle of attack acts as control in a vehicles passive motion. To determine the optimal program of the control of angle of attack, the method of sequential linearization is used. Solving the problem of optimizing the vehicles trans-atmospheric motion is illustrated by passive climb of a sub-hypersonic vehicle MPV (the first stage of the aerospace system RASCAL designed in the USA). The results of simulating the vehicle motion with optimal control and various initial conditions of the vehicles motion and mass are discussed.
Application of decision support technology at various stages of the life cycle of space facilities in assembly with the information system of technical condition and reliability
Authors: Avtamonov P. N. , Bakhmut A. D. , Krylov A. V. , Okhtilev M. Yu. , Okhtilev P. A. , Sokolov B. V.
Published: November 2017

The paper presents an approach to assessing structural states of space vehicles (complex organizational and technical objects) with support of taking decisions on their life cycle control. The analysis of the subject area showed the need to apply the new intellectual information technology presented in the article to the design of both the information system of a complex organizational and technical object, and the related systems for monitoring structural states and decision support as part of such an information system. We consider a version of a generalized computational model as a theoretical basis of this technology. The version discussed is a unified knowledge representation model that integrates a number of methods and approaches of the Artificial Intelligence theory and makes it possible to construct imitation-analytical polymodel complexes for monitoring states and controlling complex organizational and technical objects. The article shows that applying this technology allows comprehensive assessment of the technical state and reliability of the monitored object. The article also provides a brief overview of the software complex that solves the problems of estimating the structural states of space vehicles. The software complex is implemented on the basis of the examined intellectual information technology.
Protocols of stitching image strips formed by optoelectronic converters and their application
Authors: Kuznetsov P. K. , Martem’ianov B. V. , Miatov G. N. , Yudakov A. A.
Published: November 2017

The paper deals with processing video data obtained by composite (multimatrix) optoelectronic converters used in purpose designed equipment of observation space vehicles. It is shown that the video data obtained in the areas of intersection of fields of view of two adjacent photosensitive matrices can be beneficially used to solve a number of tasks: assessing the quality of performance of spacecraft motion control system on the survey routes, specifying the parameters of image blur, assessing the deviations of the geometrical arrangement of photosensitive matrixes from the design parameters and some other tasks.
Metrological analysis of a device rof nondestructive control of flight vehicle fuel tank current conductive coatings
Authors: Samsonov A. S. , Blinov D. I. , Skvortsov B. V. , Zhivonosnovskaya D. M.
Published: November 2017

The article discusses and theoretically justifies a method and a device for non-destructive testing of conductive coatings of aircraft fuel tanks. The authors present a patented solution and display the essence of the measuring procedure that consists in scanning the surface by an electrode forming a capacitor with the test material. A mathematical model describes the process of detecting a closed defect with different sizes of the scanning electrode. The article contains metrological analysis of the developed device, considering the basic and additional errors that affect the results of the measurement procedure. By basic errors, in this paper, we mean the error in determining the coordinate of the defect and the systematic additive (methodological) error; by additional errors we understand thermal and dynamic ones. Among all types of errors that arise in the process of flaw detection, the most significant ones are identified. Also, methods for compensating various types of errors by constructive or algorithmic methods are proposed. Numerical analysis of the errors considered in the article is carried out. The analysis proves the possibility of defect localization with an error 6.5 mm. A summary table of the main types of errors is compiled.
Peculiarities of using hot-air balloons in tests of parachute systems
Authors: Kurinny S. M. , Krivorotov M. M. , Baranichenko E. A.
Published: November 2017

Some peculiarities of using hot-air balloons in testing parachute systems are described in the paper. The main aim is to reduce expenses while testing parachute systems. Similarity criteria such as Froude number and Newtons number were used to assess the reliability of the results of testing scaled-down models of parachute systems. The issue of expeditious changes in the structure of parachute systems and assessment of their effectiveness in tests is discussed. A conclusion is drawn about the advantages of using hot-air balloons for testing models of parachute systems and prospects of their further use.
Mathematical model and optimization of helicopter vertical takeoff considering operational conditions and aerodynamic damping
Authors: Onushkin Yu. P. , Sizov D. A. , Poluyakhtov V. A. , Ostrovoy A. V.
Published: November 2017

A mathematical model of helicopter vertical takeoff was created. The model takes into account operating conditions and individual performance capabilities of a given helicopter. An optimization technique based on a genetic algorithm was introduced. The influence of mass, initial height and outside air temperature on the parameters of the optimal control law in case of vertical takeoff of Mi-8MT helicopter was estimated.
O processo de desenvolvimento de novos produtos de uma indústria de produtos lácteos de alto valor agregado: O caso Gran Mestri
Authors: Bencke Fernando Fantoni , Beduschi Eliane Fátima Strapazzon
Published: November 2017

O presente artigo teve como objetivo analisar o processo de desenvolvimento de novos produtos de uma indústria de produtos lácteos de alto valor agregado. A empresa Gran Mestri, localizada no Extremo-Oeste Catarinense, se destaca no cenário nacional pela produção do queijo tipo grana padano. O estudo contou com abordagem qualitativa de caráter descritivo e exploratório, e o método de pesquisa utilizada foi o estudo de caso. Foram realizadas entrevistas com auxilio de roteiro semi-estruturado com 6 pessoas que ocupam funções estratégicas e participam do processo de inovação. Também foi utilizada pesquisa documental e observação não participante como técnicas de coleta de dados. Os principais resultados destacam: gestão de portfólio, estratégia, ambientes de projetos, ambientes de projetos, habilidades e recursos, posicionamento estratégico do produto, pesquisa de mercado, liderança, ferramentas tecnológicas e organizacionais e de apoio; equipes multifuncionais e implantação de um Showrrom. O desafio em preparar produtores para fornecer a matéria-prima, e o cliente, em reconhecer um novo produto, são os principais fatores que marcam o processo de desenvolvimento de novos produtos da empresa. Também foi possível identificar a contribuição da empresa com o desenvolvimento regional em tornar a Região Oeste Catarinense como uma das maiores bacias leiteiras do Brasil.
The Role of Genetic, Dietary and Lifestyle Factors in Pediatric Metabolic Syndrome: A Review of the Literature from Prenatal to Adolescence
Authors: Arora Teresa , Agouba Sahar , Sharara Ahmad , Taheri Shahrad
Published: November 2017

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is described as a cluster of health conditions that are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The clinical diagnosis of MetS in pediatrics is challenging due to differing criteria, although the estimated prevalence continues to rise. The increased prevalence of childhood obesity and insulin resistance, in both developed and developing countries, is believed to be a major contributor to MetS diagnosis in children. We review the current literature surrounding genetic predisposition, maternal influence, epigenetics, environmental and lifestyle factors pertaining to pediatric MetS with a specific emphasis on obesity and insulin resistance. We highlight and discuss recent, key studies in prenatal through to adolescent populations and review evidence suggesting that children may be pre-disposed to obesity and insulin resistance, prenatally. We also discuss several key lifestyle drivers of these conditions including poor nutrition and dietary habits, insufficient physical activity, use of electronic devices, over-consumption of caffeinated and/or sugar-sweetened beverages, as well as the importance of sleep during childhood and adolescence in relation to metabolic health. We conclude with recommendations for preventable methods to tackle this growing pediatric public health issue, which, if current trends continue, will undoubtedly compromise the health and longevity of the next adult generation.
High Intensity Interval Training or Moderate Intensity Continuous Exercise in Patients with Myocardial Infarction?
Authors: Themistocleous Irene C. , Stefanakis Manos
Published: November 2017

Objectives: To determine the effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) or moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICE) in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally causing a significant reduction in the quality of life of these patients. Participation of these patients in rehabilitation programs which involve a significant component of exercise seems to help by improving functional capacity and quality of life (QoL). Despite the beneficial effect of exercise, the type of exercise that yields the best results is yet to be determined.Methods: Three databases (MEDLINE, CINHAL and SportDirect) were searched in May-June 2017 for original articles regarding the effect of two types of exercise in patients with myocardial infarction. Randomized control trial studies which enrolled patients with myocardial infarction and studied the effects of HIIT and/or MICE, were included in this review. Data were extracted and summarised and all studies were assessed for bias.Results: Both forms of exercise seem to improve the relevant outcome measures such as functional capacity, QoL, walking distance, fatigue and function of the left heart. However HIIT seemed to be better in comparison with MICE in improving these outcomes. Several limitations and risk of bias have been identified and reported.Conclusion: Both HIIT and MICE are recommended for patients with MI. Further research is required to conclusively support the superiority of HIIT over other types of exercise.
As técnicas argumentativas nos discursos de parlamentares do PSDB sobre o Mensalão em sessões plenárias da Câmara dos Deputados
Authors: Catunda Elisabeth Linhares , Menezes Léia Cruz , Garantizado Júnior José Olavo Da Silva
Published: November 2017

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar quais as técnicas argumentativas presentes nos discursos políticos dos deputados do PSDB sobre o mensalão em sessões plenárias da Câmara dos Deputados Federal.  Para isso, nossa base teórica serão os achados da Nova Retórica, de Perelman e Tyteca (1996), sobre as técnicas argumentativas, e o trabalho de Garantizado Júnior (2015), em seu modelo de análise e descrição do fenômeno argumentativo sob uma perspectiva textual e retórico, especialmente sobre os aspectos das técnicas argumentativas existentes no Componente Retórico da argumentação. O corpus foi constituído de 9 discursos de parlamentares do PSDB sobre o julgamento do mensalão no Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) no ano de 2013. Os resultados demonstram que as estratégias argumentativas são fenômenos sociodiscursivos presentes nos discurso dos parlamentares do PSDB, com o objetivo de defender a tese deles de que o mensalão existiu e que o julgamento no Supremo Tribunal Federal é legítimo.