bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of pharmacist consults within a collaborative enhanced primary care team model to improve diabetes care
Authors: Firkus Danielle , McCoy Rozalina G. , Matulis John , Kessler Maya , Mara Kristin , Herges Joseph
Published: January 2023

Background

An enhanced primary care team model was implemented to provide proactive, longitudinal care to patients with diabetes, grounded in close partnership between primary care providers (PCPs), nurses, and Medication Management Services (MMS) pharmacists. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of the MMS pharmacist involvement in the enhanced primary care model for patients with diabetes.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study compared the quality of diabetes care between patients referred to a pharmacist and propensity score matched controls who were not. Eligible patients were adults (age 18 to 75 years) enrolled in the enhanced primary care team process who did not meet at least one of four diabetes quality indicators at 13 Mayo Clinic Rochester primary care practice locations. The intervention examined was asynchronous e-consults by pharmacists affiliated with the primary care practice.

Main measures

The primary outcome was change in the proportion of patients meeting the composite of four diabetes treatment goals (D4), including hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) control, blood pressure control, aspirin use, and statin use at six months from enrollment among patients who received pharmacist intervention compared to matched patients who did not. Secondary outcomes were each of the D4 goal individually.

Results

The proportion of patients meeting the D4 increased with pharmacist e-consults (N = 85) compared to matched controls with no review (N = 170) (27% vs 7.0%, p<0.001). The change in patients meeting treatment goals of HbA1c (12.9% vs 4.1%, p = 0.020), blood pressure (9.4% vs 2.4%, p = 0.023), aspirin use (10.6% vs 2.9%, p = 0.018), and statin use (17.6% vs -1.2%, p<0.001) all increased with pharmacist e-consults.

Conclusions

Pharmacist engagement in the enhanced primary care team improved diabetes management. This supports the inclusion and utilization of pharmacists in multidisciplinary efforts to improve diabetes care.
Comparative analysis of the mechanical limits of resistance in implant/abutment set of a new implant design: An in vitro study
Authors: Bianchini Marco Aurélio , Junior Nilton De Bortoli , Dedavid Berenice Anina , De Aza Piedad N. , Gehrke Sergio Alexandre
Published: January 2023

Objective

The aim of the present in vitro study was to evaluate the resistance on quasi-static forces and in the fatigue mechanical cycling of a new implant design compared to two other conventional implant designs.

Materials and methods

Eighty-eight implants with their respective abutments were tested and distributed into four groups (n = 22 per group): Morse taper connection implant (MT group), conventional external hexagon implant (EH con group), new Collo implant of external hexagon with the smooth portion out of the bone insertion (EH out group), and new Collo implant of external hexagon with the implant platform inserted to the bone level (EH bl group). All the sets were subjected to quasi-static loading in a universal testing machine, and we measured the maximum resistance force supported by each sample. Another 12 samples from each group were submitted to the cyclic fatigue test at 4 intensities of forces (n = 3 per force): 80%, 60%, 40%, and 20%. The number of cycles supported by each sample at each force intensity was evaluated.

Results

The three groups of implants with external hexagon connection had similar maximum strength values of the sets (p > 0.05). Meanwhile, samples from the MT group showed the highest resistance values in comparison to the other three groups (p < 0.05). In the fatigue test, the Collo out group supported a smaller number of cycles that led to the fracture than the other 3 groups proposed at loads of 80%, 60%, and 40%, and only at the load value of 20% all groups had the same performance.

Conclusions

Within the limitations of the present in vitro study, the results showed that the new Collo implant performs better when installed at bone level.
Revisiting the diagnosis and treatment of Para Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis in the endemic foci of Bangladesh
Authors: Maruf Shomik , Sagar Soumik Kha , Rashid Md. Masud Ur , Nath Proggananda , Islam Md. Sahidul , Ghosh Prakash , Rashid Md. Utba , Mondal Dinesh , Abd El Wahed Ahmed , Basher Ariful
Published: January 2023

Para Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis (Para-KDL) manifests the concomitant presence of Post Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis and Visceral Leishmaniasis and works as a reservoir of infection. The study discusses the cases and their management and aims to address the gaps within existing methods of diagnosis and treatment. This retrospective cross-sectional study discusses 16 Para-KDL cases with one-year follow-up data, treated between 2012–2021 at the Surya Kanta Kala-azar Research Center, Bangladesh. We collected data from hospital records and used STATA 16 to analyze and see the frequency distribution and variable means. We found five patients without any history of kala-azar infection. All the patients were treated with 20 mg/kg Liposomal Amphotericin B in 4 divided doses except one with a history of AmBisome hypersensitivity. One year after treatment, all patients were free from skin lesions, with no hepatosplenomegaly, and observed significant improvement in BMI and hemoglobin levels. The Para-KDL patients are challenging to diagnose, and the relapse and treatment failure leishmania patients might have belonged to this rare group, contributing to their poor prognosis. Therefore, developing an appropriate diagnostic workflow and a new drug regimen is essential to sustain the success of our elimination efforts.
A comprehensive analysis of chemical and biological pollutants (natural and anthropogenic origin) of soil and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) samples
Authors: Boguś Mieczysława Irena , Wrońska Anna Katarzyna , Kaczmarek Agata , Drozdowski Mikołaj , Laskowski Zdzisław , Myczka Anna , Cybulska Aleksandra , Gołębiowski Marek , Chwir-Gołębiowska Adrianna , Siecińska Lena , Mokijewska Ewelina
Published: January 2023

A range of analytical methods (GC-MS, LC-MS, voltammetry, microbiological and microscopic techniques, PCR) was used to assay a range of potential chemical and biological contaminants in soil and dandelion samples. The results provide the first comprehensive safety analysis of dandelion as a herbal product. Samples were collected from three different sites in Poland where the local population collects dandelion plants for their own consumption: Rudenka (a mountain meadow in the European Ecological Network of Natura 2000 protection area, free of agrotechnical treatments for over 30 years), Warszawa 1 (dense single-family housing with heavy traffic), and Warszawa 2 (recreation area with heavy traffic near a coal-fired heat and power plant). The assays of heavy metals and other chemical pollutants (PAHs, PCBs, dioxins, pesticides, mycotoxins) confirm that all collected soil and dandelion samples were chemically pure; however, 95 species of pathogenic bacteria were detected, including “carnivorous” Vibrio vulnificus, zoonotic Pasteurella pneumotropica, Pasteurella canis, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus lentus and Francisella tularensis as well as 14 species of pathogenic fungi and one protozoan parasite (Giardia intestinalis). The discovery of septicemia agents V. vulnificus, Fusobacterium mortiferum and Rahnella aquatilis in the soil surrounding dandelion roots and in the flowers, G. intestinalis in dandelion leaves and roots samples, all collected in Warsaw, is highly disturbing. This finding underlines the need for increased caution when collecting dandelion in densely populated areas with a large population of pets. Thorough washing of the harvested plants is necessary before using them for consumption, especially in the case of making salads from fresh dandelion leaves, which is becoming increasingly popular among people leading healthy and an environmentally friendly lifestyle.
Conceptions of drama and theatre
Authors: Allern Tor-Helge , Eriksson Stig A.
Published: January 2023

The article presents and discusses etymological background, cultural adaptations and different perspectives to the key concepts in drama and theatre, starting from western and Chinese conceptions. Drama has at least three levels of meaning: (1) as an overarching concept for fictional and non-fictional cultural practices; (2) as an aesthetic learning practice within education; and (3) as a script made for theatre performances. The drama is thus a frame for the actions, and within this frame there might be other frames, marking different roles and perspectives. The meaning and potential for knowing in drama and theatre lie between those layers and differences. This idea is illustrated by a comparison between the British pioneers and partners Dorothy Heathcote and Gavin Bolton, and by exploring how divergent views on theatre and art lead to differences in perspective about a specific approach to educational drama, mantle of the expert.
From short story to process drama: A Chinese and a Norwegian classroom approach
Authors: Jun Xu , Eriksson Stig A.
Published: January 2023

In this practice-oriented article, each author has found an example in their national contemporary literary legacy to be explored through educational drama approaches. One is a short story (and a one-act play version of the story) by Lao She, China; the other is a short story by Tor Åge Bringsværd, Norway. Both stories are about experiences on train journeys and the article presents ideas for how to use them in drama pedagogical settings. Each author contextualizes their drama approach in terms of current public curriculum policies relevant to aesthetic education and drama education in each country, and theory from the field literature.
Análise Crítica da Aplicação da Telessaúde no Campo da Enfermagem na Atenção Primária à Saúde Durante o Enfrentamento da Pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Lima Erica Aparecida Cesar de , Souza Vanessa Karla Santos de , Silva Ednaldo Antonio da
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: analisar as contribuições e avanços da Telessaúde no Campo da enfermagem na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Método: Foi realizada uma Revisão Integrativa de consultas nas bases de dados: BVS, PubMed no período de 2020 e 2021. Os Descritores foram utilizados individualmente ou combinados. Foram resgatados 460 artigos, dos quais, 06 foram submetidos aos critérios de inclusão e de exclusão e 05 artigos entraram para a análise. Resultados e Discussão: A Telessaúde: facilita tomada de decisão; qualifica o serviço para a realização da assistência; otimiza a rotina, o processo e o tempo na área gerencial e a agilidade e garante o acesso aos cuidados à saúde. Conclusões: A Telessaúde promove a clínica ampliada; capacita os trabalhadores para atuação remota na triagem e cuidado; auxilia no monitoramento, vigilância, detecção e prevenção, mitigação do risco e impactos potenciais da COVID-19.
Abordagem de IST’s e gravidez na adolescência em UBS no Ceará
Authors: Gomes Marina , Sa Maria Eduarda Cavalcante Teixeira , Dantas Marília Christina Botelho , Sampaio Maria Solange Nogueira , Cavalcante Mariana Fidanza Vasconcelos , Flôres Paula Ramalho França , Machado Paula Soares , Benevides Bruno
Published: January 2023

Introdução: no Brasil, estima-se que aproximadamente 20 a 25% do total de mulheres gestantes são adolescentes, apontando que uma em cada cinco gestantes são adolescentes entre 14 e 20 anos de idade (SANTOS JUNIOR, 1999). Além disso, a gravidez na adolescência e o acometimento por infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST’s) é mais comum em mulheres de baixa renda e baixa escolaridade, sendo sobrepujante a necessidade de ações interventivas e de educação para esse grupo social. Procedimento metodológico: O presente trabalho é um estudo descritivo, transversal e de abordagem quantitativa, centrado na coleta de dados sobre a métodos de prevenção à gravidez e às IST’s em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS). Resultados e Discussão: O estudo foi realizado em uma amostra de quarenta e sete participantes da UBS. Também foi realizada uma intervenção com distribuição de panfletos e educação em saúde na Unidade Básica de Saúde Sandra Nogueira, com o objetivo de esclarecer o público-alvo em relação às medidas de prevenção contra gravidez e ISTs. Considerações Finais: Constatou-se insuficiência de conhecimento, demonstrando que medidas de educação em saúde consistem em abordagem significativa para o combate eficaz das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e da gravidez precoce.
Bases para uma Atenção Primária à Saúde integral, resolutiva, territorial e comunitária no SUS: aspectos críticos e proposições
Authors: Claudius Queiroz Barbosa Allan , Tasca Renato
Published: January 2023

A Rede de Pesquisa em Atenção Primária (APS) à Saúde da Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva (Abrasco) realizou durante 13º Congresso Brasileiro de Saúde Coletiva, oficina de trabalho intitulada “Bases para uma Atenção Primária à Saúde integral, resolutiva, territorial e comunitária no SUS: aspectos críticos e proposições” com a participação de 200 congressistas. Os objetivos traçados para esta atividade foram analisar os avanços, desafios, ameaças e retrocessos na política nacional de atenção primária/atenção básica à saúde; apresentar uma agenda estratégica política para a APS no SUS; e discutir com atores chave um conjunto de proposições para uma Atenção Primária à Saúde integral, resolutiva, territorial e comunitária de qualidade no SUS. A dinâmica das atividades realizou-se através de apresentações e debates em interlocução com participantes e representantes de gestores do SUS e de profissionais atuantes na APS no SUS. Os principais resultados das apresentações e debates apontaram a necessidade de se adotar um amplo espectro de ações  e medidas e de caráter estratégico e tático para recuperar os princípios da APS em uma ação voltada à sociedade para fortalecimento do SUS.
O docente e a biblioteca universitária: aspectos relacionados ao uso dos recursos informacionais
Authors: Souza Maria Naires Alves de , Costa Rosane Maria
Published: January 2023

As bibliotecas são entidades que se utilizam de tecnologias para pesquisa/busca, otimização de tempo, facilidade de acesso à informação, entre outras. O exercício da docência não seria indiferente a tais tecnologias. Objetiva-se investigar a utilização da biblioteca universitária pelos docentes via sistema pergamum. Pesquisa de natureza exploratória e documental, tendo por universo os usuários que utilizaram as bibliotecas da Universidade Federal do Ceará via Sistema Pergamum, entre 2003 a 2017. Os resultados explicitam que menos de 2% dos docentes realizam empréstimo domiciliar; no relacionado à área de especificidade, a classe 500 é a que mais tem material emprestado para os docentes, enquanto que as bibliotecas com mais empréstimos para docentes são de Ciências Humanas, Central do Campus do Pici e do Curso de Matemática.
Perfil profissional do bibliotecário em ambientes de informação audiovisual
Authors: Santos Francisco Edvander Pires , Farias Maria Giovanna Guedes , Feitosa Luiz Tadeu
Published: January 2023

Apresenta as competências e o perfil profissional do bibliotecário que atua em ambientes de informação audiovisual, com a finalidade de embasar as ações de mediação que o bibliotecário poderá desenvolver em empresas televisivas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e de uma revisão de literatura, a partir das quais foi possível coligir os principais conceitos relacionados à competência, perfil profissional e mediação da informação. Para tanto, recorre às competências técnicas, gerenciais e comportamentais necessárias ao bibliotecário que pretende atuar com o audiovisual, bem como discorre acerca das habilidades e atitudes demandadas por esse mercado. Discute os perfis de bibliotecário protagonista, archivist, video librarian, researcher e production research, a fim de traçar o perfil profissional ideal para que o bibliotecário atue nos ambientes de informação audiovisual. Apresenta o organograma de uma empresa televisiva no qual o centro de documentação assume função estratégica que favorece as ações de mediação do bibliotecário. Destaca que as empresas televisivas e demais instituições de audiovisual obteriam vantagem competitiva sobre a concorrência caso mantivessem um bibliotecário em seu quadro efetivo de colaboradores, pois esse profissional está apto a desenvolver atividades técnicas e de gestão da informação em centros de imagens.
Afinal, o que é dado de pesquisa?
Authors: Sayão Luis Fernando , Sales Luana Farias
Published: January 2023

No contexto científico contemporâneo em que a geração, coleta e análise intensiva de dados se tornam etapas essenciais para o progresso científico, os sistemas de gestão e curadoria de dados se reconfiguram como infraestruturas-chave na composição das ciberinfraestruturas de pesquisa. Porém, a curadoria e gestão de dados só se efetivam se forem consideradas as especificidades dos domínios disciplinares, os fluxos de pesquisa e, sobretudo, as características dos dados coletados, aproximando o ciclo de vida da pesquisa com o ciclo de vida dos dados. Com o objetivo de contribuir para a superação desse desafio, o presente estudo  procura explicitar e discutir os principais conceitos, características e propriedades dos dados de pesquisa – sistematizando-os na forma de uma taxonomia - em função dos impactos que eles têm na concepção das infraestruturas tecno-socias e organizacionais dos sistemas de gestão e curadoria de dados de pesquisa.
Visibilidade, atenção online e impacto das interações nas publicações científicas
Authors: Fachin Juliana , Werlang Elisabete , Ferreira Araújo Ronaldo , Blattmann Ursula
Published: January 2023

O impacto das publicações científicas, avaliado principalmente pelo Fator de Impacto, atualmente pode também ser aferido pela presença das publicações em diferentes mídias, acadêmicas e sociais. A interação dos usuários com este conteúdo influencia na visibilidade, atenção online e impacto do conteúdo científico, por meio da análise de visualizações, curtidas, compartilhamentos, leituras, acessos e, das citações. Esta pesquisa exploratória descritiva teve como objetivo averiguar a visibilidade, a atenção online e o impacto das publicações científicas, aferidas por meio da performance dos trabalhos publicados pela Revista Estudos FeministasREF em distintas redes sociais. Os dados foram coletados em bases de referência: Dimensions, Analytics SciELO, Google Acadêmico, Mendeley, Facebook e Twitter, com recorte temporal de 2015, 2016 e 2017. A performance da REF na web está centrada no Mendeley e de forma tímida no Twitter, nas redes acadêmicas,o periódico está centrado nas bases: SciELO, Web of Science e Dimensions. O periódico tem tido maior interação nas redes acadêmicas, alavancando o impacto alternativo das publicações. Pondera que a exposição na web resulta em indicadores de impacto alternativo. A análise mostra que os indicadores se complementam, possibilitando verificar quais publicações são mais consultadas e consideradas relevantes pelos usuários, que deixam de ser apenas a comunidade científica, envolvendo toda a sociedade.
Análise do sistema de identificação penal da polícia penal de Santa Catarina
Authors: Rahhal Daniela , Medina Kern Vinícius
Published: January 2023

Os sistemas de informação auxiliam no arquivamento, gestão e recuperação de informações. Contudo, podem apresentar lacunas, surgindo a necessidade da Avaliação de Sistemas de Informação. Sendo assim, o presente estudo, derivado de uma dissertação de mestrado, consiste em realizar uma análise da qualidade do sistema de identificação penal (IPEN) sob a perspectiva dos usuários policiais penais nas unidades prisionais de Santa Catarina. Para tanto, definiu-se como objetivo principal: verificar a qualidade do sistema de identificação penal. Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos, se caracterizam como uma pesquisa aplicada, de abordagem qualitativa. O método para a coleta de dados consistiu na aplicação de um checklist com o objetivo de verificar a qualidade do sistema. Os resultados apontaram sete respostas negativas, uma não se aplica ao contexto e vinte e uma respostas atenderam positivamente. Para preencher as lacunas detectadas, algumas sugestões foram indicadas: a elaboração de um manual detalhado; a implantação de um campo com informações de ajuda (help); a criação de uma linha de comunicação direta de usuário-sistema e aplicação de questionários aos usuários. Os resultados contribuem para os estudos acerca da Avaliação de Sistemas de Informação pois o checklist abordado pode servir de base para a coleta de dados, contribuindo como uma ferramenta de análise de trabalhos futuros.
Modelo de WorkFlow como processo de simbiose entre a preservação digital do patrimônio cultural documental e a lei geral de proteção de dados - LGPD
Authors: Carvalho Vagner da Silva de , Pedrazzi Fernanda Kieling
Published: January 2023

Mediante a notoriedade e singularidade do patrimônio cultural documental, que uma vez em suporte digital demandam estratégias de preservação que impactam de sobremaneira na salvaguarda dos documentos arquivísticos digitais, e no advento da Lei 13.709 – a Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados condiciona ainda mais os aspectos relacionados à segurança. O objetivo deste estudo caracteriza-se em Interconectar os critérios de preservação de documentos arquivísticos digitais com a Lei Geral de proteção de dados. A metodologia utilizada foi de uma pesquisa descritiva e documental, cujas fontes perpassaram à luz das cartilhas do CONARQ, respectivamente da câmara técnica de documentos eletrônicos, RDC-Arq, SIGAD, conceito de cadeia de custódia e Lei 13.709, a natureza de análise utilizada foi conforme a abordagem qualitativa. O principal resultado deste estudo caracterizou-se por uma estrutura BPMN ou workflow de interações da preservação de documentos arquivísticos digitais levando em consideração a cadeia de custódia de documentos, a teoria das três idades análogos à preservação e segurança de dados pessoais.
Sinergismo na combinação de (acefato + bifentrina + acetamiprido) no controle do percevejo-marrom
Authors: Betinelli Paulo Afonso , Côrrea Fernando Rezende , Silva Nelmício Furtado da , Cavalcante Wendson Soares da Silva , Ribeiro Daniele Ferreira , Rodrigues Estevão
Published: January 2023

Anualmente pelo ataque de insetos-praga, toneladas de grãos são perdidos, com destaque para o complexo de espécies de percevejos da família Pentatomidae. A principal estratégia de manejo da resistência de percevejos a inseticidas é a alternância de produtos com mecanismos de ação distintos, associado ao uso racional destes produtos, com objetivo de reduzir a pressão de seleção de indivíduos resistentes. Partindo da hipótese de que se torna primordial conhecer a sinergia da combinação da mistura de três grupos químicos (organofosforado + pireróide + neonicotinóide), haja visto que os inseticidas atuais recomendados para o controle de Euschistus heros estão limitados a combinação apenas de dois. Objetivou-se com esse estudo avaliar o efeito sinérgico da combinação do inseticida Acefato, Bifentrina e Acetamiprido no controle do percevejo marrom (Euschistus heros). A aplicação foi realizada sobre os gerbox. Após aplicação foi infestado em cada gerbox a quantidade de 10 insetos adultos de Euschistus heros, e logo após foi tampado com tecido voil. A avaliação do efeito dos tratamentos foi realizada com 2, 24, 48 e 72 horas após a infestação dos percevejos, contando o número de insetos mortos e vivos em cada gerbox. A combinação dos inseticidas Acefato + Bifentrina + Acetamiprido independente da dose utilizada apresentou efeito sinérgico. O efeito sinergístico da combinação potencializou o inseticida proporcionado um maior efeito de choque e uma maior eficiência no controle de Euschistus heros.
Denuncias de “malos tratos” en perspectiva comparada
Authors: Quarleri Lia
Published: January 2023

Este trabajo parte de denuncias judiciales de “malos tratos”, realizadas en dos jurisdicciones distintas del Virreinato del Río de la Plata, Buenos Aires y San Juan de la Frontera, a fines del siglo XVIII y comienzos del XIX. Las acusaciones se centran en las violencias ejercidas por maridos a mujeres, pertenecientes a sectores sociales contrastados de la estructura colonial. A partir del dialogo entre ambos casos, se analizarán los tratamientos judiciales y las estrategias desplegadas. También, se indagará en las percepciones del daño sobre un tipo de violencia patriarcal, en particular: los “castigos correctivos”. Interesa dar cuenta de las herramientas sociales y jurídicas utilizadas, por las demandantes y los acusados, reparando en la apelación a registros emocionales y códigos de honor, modelos sociales y figuras jurídicas, con el fin del mostrar el rol de estas en la valoración judicial de los malos tratos denunciados.
A Educação Popular como método feminista de denúncia e (re)construção da realidade de mulheres no campo: um estudo de caso
Authors: Gabatz Celso , Angelin Rosângela
Published: January 2023

As vivências das mulheres no decorrer da história da humanidade têm sido atravessada por muitas interlocuções, algumas bastante drásticas, sobretudo, em relação às violências e aprisionamentos de seus corpos. Neste sentido, a presente abordagem se propõe a refletir sobre o lugar dos corpos das mulheres na contemporaneidade. Busca-se, para tanto, demandar uma análise de grupos de mulheres camponesas nas regiões Fronteira Noroeste e Missões do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil). Estas, a partir de um processo de educação popular, foram desafiadas a acessar políticas públicas governamentais. Para melhor descortinar esta caminho é utilizada a metodologia feminista que prima por desconstruir estereótipos femininos e analisar criticamente as realidades postas. O artigo acentua que a trajetória dos movimentos feministas e de mulheres criou uma metodologia de reflexão e de prática que condiz com os processos de educação popular e têm sido fundamentais para a geração de consciência crítica e a efetivação de ações práticas contra o capital e o patriarcado, criando espaços de libertação para as mulheres camponesas.
Physician Decision-Making About Surveillance in Older Adults With Prior Adenomas: Results From a National Survey
Authors: Schoenborn Nancy L. , Pollack Craig E. , Gupta Samir , Boyd Cynthia M.
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION:

There is no clear guidance on when surveillance colonoscopies should stop in older adults with prior adenomas. We aimed to examine physicians' decision-making regarding surveillance colonoscopies in older adults.

METHODS:

In a national mailed survey of 1,800 primary care physicians (PCP) and 600 gastroenterologists, we asked whether physicians would recommend surveillance colonoscopy in vignettes where we varied patient age (75 and 85 years), health (good, medium, and poor), and prior adenoma risk (low and high). We examined the association between surveillance recommendations and patient and physician characteristics using logistic regression. We also assessed decisional uncertainty, need for decision support, and decision-making roles.

RESULTS:

Of 1,040 respondents (response rate 54.8%), 874 were eligible and included. Recommendation for surveillance colonoscopies was lower if patient was older (adjusted proportions 20.6% vs 49.8% if younger), in poor health (adjusted proportions 7.1% vs 28.8% moderate health, 67.7% good health), and prior adenoma was of low risk (adjusted proportions 29.7% vs 41.6% if high risk). Family medicine physicians were most likely and gastroenterologists were least likely to recommend surveillance (adjusted proportions 40.0% vs 30.9%). Approximately 52.3% of PCP and 35.4% of gastroenterologists reported uncertainty regarding the benefit/harm balance of surveillance in older adults. Most (85.9% PCP and 77.0% gastroenterologists) would find a decision support tool helpful. Approximately 32.8% of PCP vs 71.5% of gastroenterologists perceived it as the gastroenterologist's role to decide about surveillance colonoscopies.

DISCUSSION:

Studies to better evaluate the benefits/harms of surveillance colonoscopy in older adults and decisional support tools that help physicians and patients incorporate such data are needed.
Iso-Wetlands: unlocking wetland ecologies and agriculture in prehistory through sulfur isotopes
Authors: Stevens Rhiannon E. , Reade Hazel , Read Daniel S. , Bottrell Simon H. , Frémondeau Delphine , Wexler Sarah
Published: January 2023

Iso-Wetlands is a new, NERC-funded collaborative research project involving researchers at UCL Institute of Archaeology, the University of Leeds and the UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology. The project is developing sulfur isotope analysis of archaeological plants and animals as a new tool for exploring hydrological conditions under which agricultural production was taking place. This development has the potential to improve understanding of water management strategies in the past, particularly in relation to seasonal floodwater agriculture and wetland agriculture (for example, rice paddy systems). The project will open wider possibilities for the use of sulfur isotopes in archaeology and ecology to examine wetland habitat use by both people and animals.
Hearing Brazil
Authors: Grasse Jonathon
Published: January 2023

Hearing Brazil brings together, for the first time in English, research into the diverse music genres, performers, and social narratives that reveal the unique cultural territory of Minas Gerais. Regional identities are examined through five centuries of music in chapter topics dedicated to four distinct Afro-Brazilian traditions of the Black Atlantic, locally composed colonial-era music, a musical profile of the city of Belo Horizonte, the guitar-like viola, and singer/songwriter Milto nNascimento's Corner Club popular music collective. The intertwined musical spaces of regionalism are found in the physical locations of geographic place, the historical spatiality of communities and the history of people, and within the consciousness of practitioners for whom musical meaningfulness includes identity of place. Hundreds of fully-referenced endnotes cite over 250 sources, an eclectic array of Brazilian publications, scholarly monographs and journal articles, personal interviews, and the author's thirty years of travel and ethnographic research in Minas Gerais. One of the world's first gold rushes began here during the 1690s, leading to the flourishing of an artistically wealthy network of Baroque-era towns and cities, and perhaps the largest concentration of enslaved Africans and African-descendants in the New World. A nineteenth-century coffee boom in Brazil's Southeast energized the economic and political power of Minas Gerais, and re-introduced a massive influx of enslaved Africans and Afro-Brazilians. Hearing Brazil examines musical communities, dance traditions, musical instruments, performers, issues of race, religiosity, and socio-cultural developments that have created the cornerstones of regional identity.
Batuque
Authors: Grasse Jonathon
Published: January 2023

Chapter five analyzes the region's ubiquitous circle dance tradition known as batuque, and follows calundú and vissungo chapters in focusing on Afro-mineiro culture. Batuque's associated spiritual beliefs and modes of ancestor devotion helped facilitate communal resistance to both slavery and to socio-economic marginalization of free persons. The essential role of drums is discussed, as are concepts of batuque social spaces. Batuque is also portrayed as bringing together Brazilians of diverse socio-backgrounds despite attempts by authorities at stifling its popularization. The dance's legacies, traced over five centuries from Africa to modern day Minas Gerais, bring the reader into detailed views of social development and newly defined sub-regions of the state historically influenced by coffee production. A brief discussion of batuque's relationship to samba exposes notions of “authenticity” and racial identity in regards to Brazilian cultural development. Extensive historical accounts lend perspectives from a wide variety of observers and commentators.
Belo Horizonte Nocturne
Authors: Grasse Jonathon
Published: January 2023

Chapter eight is a musical profile of the Minas Gerais capitol, Belo Horizonte, planned and constructed in the mid-1890s. One focus is to continue the fine art music narrative started in chapter four through discussion of musicians, institutions, and ensembles that engendered European-derived symphonic and chamber music. The chapter also includes panoramas of popular music, nightlife, and descriptive explanations of cinema, radio, and carnival. The many names are meant to illustrate the complexity of the city's musical birth, and its relationships to the rest of the state, the rest of Brazil, and to the past. For instance, the topic of bands is continued, and the great Minas School of Composers discussed in chapter four leads to twentieth-century composers. The time frame, ending in 1960, helps to frame the following chapter on the Corner Club popular music collective, which has its start in the early '60s in Belo Horizonte.
Equipping Space Cadets
Authors: Midkiff Emily
Published: January 2023

Equipping Space Cadets: Primary Science Fiction for
Children argues for the benefits and potential of primary science fiction, or science fiction for children under twelve years old. Science fiction for children is often disregarded due to common misconceptions of childhood. When children are culturally portrayed as natural and simple, then they seem like a poor audience for the complex scientific questions brought up by the best science fiction. The books and the children who read them tell another story. Using three empirical studies and over 350 children's books, Equipping Space Cadets presents interdisciplinary evidence that science fiction and children are compatible after all. Primary science fiction literature includes many high-quality books that cleverly utilize the features of children's literature formats in order to fit large science fiction questions into small packages. In the best of these books, authors make science fiction questions accessible and relevant to children of various reading levels and from diverse backgrounds and identities. Equipping Space Cadets does not stop with literary analysis, but also presents the voices of real children and practitioners. The book features three studies: a survey of teachers and librarians, quantitative analysis of lending records from school libraries across the United States, and coded read-aloud sessions with elementary school students. The results reveal how children are interested in and capable of reading science fiction, but it is the adults, including the most well-intentioned librarians and teachers, who hinder children's engagement with the genre due to their own preconceptions about the genre and children.
Liberal Politics in a Failure of Hermeneutics— Yon Travay Jigantès
Authors: Marius Philippe-Richard
Published: January 2023

Bearing black-nationalist anger at mulatto color prejudice, Haiti’s progressive privileged blacks, bourgeois subjects, see themselves a priori in unity with the —generally dark-skinned—poor majority and in disunity with mulattoes, fellow bourgeois subjects. In the contradiction, politically liberal blacks and politically liberal mulattoes become mutually unintelligible on the national condition, and this hermeneutic failure preempts a coherent liberal politics in the privileged classes. Theorizing this dilemma, the conclusion conflates black classist colorism with mulatto color prejudice as a singular praxis of privilege to be confronted honestly in civil society as pre-condition of an effective Haitian liberalism that might produce a state with a modicum of accountability to the nation. Finally, reading the scope of Haiti’s “color question” in the global valuation of whiteness, for the ultimate defeat of colorism in Haiti and elsewhere in the Western postcolony, the study suggests theoretical pathways toward a systematic global devaluation of “white” skin as currency of social economy.
Voices of Black Folk
Authors: Brinegar Terri
Published: January 2023

The development of the phonograph in the 1920s afforded preachers like Reverend A. W. Nix the opportunity to present traditional black vocal styles of the southern black church as modern black voices. As a minister, Nix utilized the new medium of phonograph recordings to present sermons with messages of racial uplift that instructed his listeners to avoid the worldly lures of a sinful city life. He chose to present these messages on recordings that incorporated the rich and distinctive vocal traditions of preaching and singing that had been closely associated with African Americans in the rural South since the days of slavery. Nix’s recorded sermons highlight the diverse and contested nature of the ideas ascribed to black vocalisms as African Americans asserted cultural autonomy and engaged with modernity. The success of Nix’s recorded sermons on phonographs demonstrates the enduring values African Americans placed on traditional vocal practices.
Ascendio
Authors: Farr Cecilia Konchar , Mars Amy
Published: January 2023

The first chapter examines the generally accepted premise that the novels get increasingly more difficult as readers (and characters) progress through the series. This chapter also functions as introductory, including a brief review of the key plot points of each of the novels as part of the book’s study. Through close and distant reading, digital and textual analysis, and in conversation over numerous observations, this chapter discovers that the truth of progressive complexity is not always a steady climb up a graph line; the novels’ trajectory is more complex than anticipated.
Say the Magic Word
Authors: Phillips-Mattson Christina
Published: January 2023

This chapter studies Rowling’s use of language in the Harry Potter novels, looking at the linguistic and literary roots of nonsense. Rowling is credited with manipulating the traditional mode of children’s and folk literature by way of her magical spellwork. As she develops her unique language, Rowling also exemplifies how readers can transform their own reality through careful use of words.
Communities of Interpretation in Jane Austen and Harry Potter
Authors: Groves Beatrice
Published: January 2023

This chapter examines the spaces in which text and readers meet, making an intertextual comparison between Jane Austen novels and the Harry Potter series. Because Austen is Rowling’s professed favorite author, their attitudes about what novels can do and how they do it are clearly related, the chapter argues, as a wealth of revealing connections among these well-loved books is uncovered.
The Russian Formalist Heart of the Harry Potter Series
Authors: Granger John
Published: January 2023

Chapter Seven links Rowling’s work with Vladimir Nabokov’s, an author Rowling has disclosed in interviews that she admires. This admiration leads her to practice a sort of Russian formalism in the plotting and development of the novels, which is outlined in this chapter.
Sorry, not Sorry
Authors: Chez Keridiana
Published: January 2023

Chapter Eleven explores where the novels invite empathy and where they let the otherness stand uninterrogated. The chapter’s closer looks at Harry’s relationships with these “others” reveals surprising shortcomings, observing damaging variations of anthropocentricism in the wizarding world. The conclusions challenge the foundational conception of a heroic, humane Harry.
Slytherin Safety
Authors: Imady Nusaiba
Published: January 2023

This chapter deploys postcolonial and gender theory toward a deeper understanding of what motivates the Slytherins’ ideology, which can be read as antiassimilationist rather than supremacist. Turning the commonly held Nazi comparison (with Voldemort as Hitler) on its head, the chapter refigures the wizarding world as an oppressed minority in the context of a realistic frame of centuries of witch hunting and persecution from some of the world’s major religions. The chapter then opens the novel to a challenging and radical rereading, beyond Harry’s controlling perspective.
The Bosom Serpent
Authors: Young Simon
Published: January 2023

A legend concerning medical folklore. An animal (usually a snake, hence the folk label bosom serpent) enters a human body and takes up residence there causing grave health problems. The sufferer tries to remove the unwelcome guest.
Buried Alive
Authors: Young Simon
Published: January 2023

A legend concerning the folklore of death. A living person in a trance is believed to be dead and is accidentally buried alive. In this legend the person is sometimes rescued after mourners hear a noise: occasionally evidence is found years later when the coffin is dug up.
Covert Catholics
Authors: Young Simon
Published: January 2023

This legend concerns the folklore of religion and national Victorian paranoia about Catholicism. Catholics have infiltrated the Anglican Church: Anglican vicars are, in some cases, Papal sleeper agents
I’m Jack the Ripper!
Authors: Young Simon
Published: January 2023

This legend concerns the folklore of crime and prostitution and is told with humour. A prostitute insistently propositions a man in the street only to find out that he is Jack the Ripper. She flees.
A Million Postage Stamps
Authors: Young Simon
Published: January 2023

This legend concerns the folklore of love, money, and a new technology (stamps). Members of the public are persuaded to collect hundreds of thousands of used stamps for various causes: including to convince a father to allow his daughter to marry. These collectors learn only too late that the stamps are not really necessary.
The Returned Watch
Authors: Young Simon
Published: January 2023

This legend concerns the folklore of crime and is often told with humour. A pickpocket, on realizing that he has stolen a watch from a famous person, sends it back with apologies.
Shooting at a Ghost
Authors: Young Simon
Published: January 2023

This legend concerns the folklore of death, fear, and jokes. A daring young man agrees to wait in a haunted room; he fires (his gun has been loaded with blanks) at a (fake) ghost and the ghost throws bullets back at him. He faints or dies.
The Skeletons That Eloped
Authors: Young Simon
Published: January 2023

This legend concerns the folklore of love, death, and sometimes crime. A young couple are believed to have eloped from a party; later their skeletons are found showing either that they did not elope (and were killed) or that they died as soon as they set off from home.
The Spanish Prisoner
Authors: Young Simon
Published: January 2023

This legend concerns the folklore of crime and money. A letter from Spain describes a treasure buried close to the recipient's house. As soon as a small sum of money is paid to the letter-writer then the treasure can be retrieved. This is, of course, a swindle.
Swallowed Up
Authors: Young Simon
Published: January 2023

This legend concerns the folklore of religion and divine punishment. A man is swallowed up to his chin in the ground for his godlessness.
There’s Gold in Those Sewers
Authors: Young Simon
Published: January 2023

This legend concerns the folklore of the sewers of big cities, money, and treasure. Vast amounts of money are to be found in the sewers by intrepid searchers.
The Vanishing Lady
Authors: Young Simon
Published: January 2023

This legend is particularly associated with Paris. Mother and daughter (or another family member) go to a hotel; in the morning the mother has vanished and the hotel insists that she was never there. The mystery is only resolved after many years.
Watch the Clock
Authors: Young Simon
Published: January 2023

This legend concerns the folklore of crime and is often told with humour. A landlord takes on a bet to watch a clock for a certain period of time without his attention straying: while he does so his house is burgled by thieves.
Russell Edson’s Bestiary
Authors: Conners Carrie
Published: January 2023

Russell Edson's prose poems, which are the subject of Chapter Four, are not overtly political. Despite their apparent detachment from political agendas, and even from reality, Edson's poems from The Wounded Breakfast (1985) and The Tormented Mirror (2001), which the author characterizes as mutated fables, encourage readers to re-view the world and question the status quo through their dark, uncomfortable humor, often generated by violation of the reader's narrative expectations. Edson's poems, unlike traditional fables, do not present easily translatable scenarios in order to provide the reader with a tidy moral lesson. They question the logic of such narratives through absurd imagery and situations, making ideas or practices that seemed customary, such as how humans interact with other species, emerge as strange or arbitrary. A brief comparative analysis of Anne Carson's The Autobiography of Red suggests that prose poetry as a genre has great potential for questioning the limits of narrative.
CODA
Authors: Conners Carrie
Published: January 2023

The conclusion builds on the comparisons of Hacker, Mullen, Dorn, and Edson to other poets presented in each of the four chapters. To further demonstrate that humor has a strong presence in American political poetry, the conclusion discusses additional poets who use humor to critique American society and suggests directions for future study. Most importantly, though, the conclusion seeks to find commonalities between these disparate poets working in different poetic genres, including how the poets' use of humorous critique shows a sense of hope that American society will improve if we take the time to step back, laugh at its faults, and work to recreate it.
Following the Drums
Authors: Shaw John M.
Published: January 2023

This book is an epic history of a little-known African American instrumental music form. The book follows the music from its roots in West Africa and early American militia drumming to its prominence in African American communities during the time of Reconstruction, both as a rallying tool for political militancy and a community music for funerals, picnics, parades, and dances. Carefully documenting the music's early uses for commercial advertising and sports promotion, the book follows the strands of the music through the nadir of African American history during post-Reconstruction up to the form's rediscovery by musicologists and music researchers during the blues and folk revival of the late 1960s and early 1970s. Although these researchers documented the music, and there were a handful of public performances of the music at festivals, the story has a sad conclusion. Fife and drum music ultimately died out in Tennessee during the early 1980s. Newspaper articles from the period and interviews with music researchers and participants reawaken this lost expression, and specific band leaders receive the spotlight they so long deserved. The book is a journey through African American history and Tennessee history, with a fascinating form of music powering the story.
“To Drum for the Fun of the Thing”
Authors: Shaw John M.
Published: January 2023

This chapter traces the beginnings of Black fife and drum music, which is not well documented. The general assumption is that its beginnings are the result of the similarity between certain flute and drum ensembles in West Africa and the early American military tradition of fifers and drummers. Indeed, the emergence of Black fifers and drummers is associated with their contact with the military traditions in colonial America. Black drummers were almost always mentioned in early American newspapers, even in the South, in conjunction with military activities. There are also accounts of Black drummers and fife and drum bands in the state of Tennessee, although the earliest dates associated with the phenomenon seem to occur in much later articles, in which residents are recalling the early history of their communities. After the first year of the Civil War, references to Black fifers and drummers almost disappear from the newspapers. Newspapers in Tennessee were silent about fife and drum bands until after Nashville had fallen to the Union.