bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
„Gdy lew zaryczy…” (Am 3,8). Obraz lwa w Księdze Amosa
Authors: Szmajdziński Mariusz
Published: November 2020

Lew jest nazywany królem zwierząt. Jego wygląd, dostojne ruchy i gwałtowność w zabijaniu pozostawiły głębokie ślady w ludzkim umyśle. Lwy występują także w Starym Testamencie, gdzie m.in. są wspominane ze względu na ich siłę (2 Sm 1,23), śmiałość (2 Sm 17,10), drapieżność (Ps 7,2) czy zwinność (Ps 10,9). Pojawiają się one zarówno w dosłownym, jak i metaforycznym sensie. „Król zwierząt” jest także bardzo często przywoływany dla opisania YHWH i Jego potęgi. Jest szczególnie obecny w księgach prorockich (Iz 5,29; 31,4; 38,13; Jr 25,38; 49,18-19; Oz 5,14; 13,7; Lm 3,10-11). W Księdze Amosa jest sześć wzmianek o tym drapieżnym zwierzęciu (Am 1,2; 3,4.8.12; 5,19). Prorok porównuje Boga do lwa i ta metafora pozwala mu przekazać następujące przesłanie: (1) relację pomiędzy Bogiem i prorokiem, (2) zapowiedź kary i jej grozę. Bóg przemówił, i dlatego prorok mówi (Am 3,8). Stąd pierwsze znaczenie obrazu, w którym pojawia się lew, dotyczy Boga i proroka – YHWH i Jego posłańca (rzecznika). Amos używa metafory ryku lwa, aby zobrazować Boży głos, który dociera do wszystkich ludzi (Am 1,2). Drugim przesłaniem jest nieuniknioność Bożej kary – w taki sam sposób jak lew pożera swoją ofiarę, YHWH ukarze zbrodnie Izraela, a Izraelici nie będą w stanie uciec (Am 3,4.12; 5,19).
Postmortem Punishment in the Parable of Lazarus and the Rich Man (Luke 16:19-31): Between Coherence and Indeterminacy of Luke’s Eschatology
Authors: Szkredka Sławomir
Published: November 2020

Taking as its point of departure the commonly recognized tension between the image of postmortem punishment in Lk 16:19-31 and other Lukan conceptualizations of the afterlife, the article examines the said image against the background of Luke’s overall eschatology. In the first step, both Luke’s bipolar ideological horizon and the conjunction of eschatology and wealth ethics are brought to light, demonstrating general coherence between the parable and Luke’s eschatological perspective. The parable’s presentation of the post-mortem punishment as immediate and final is affirmed. In the second step, elements of indeterminacy in Luke’s eschatological perspective are explored. Through the workings of metalepsis, the rich texture of Luke’s narrative is shown to generate additional possibilities for interpreting the rich man’s punishment. It follows that the precise nature of the punishment – its final as opposed to intermediate character – cannot be said to be completely unambiguous.
Ojcowie Apostolscy o Bożej karze za grzechy
Authors: Wygralak Paweł
Published: November 2020

W przedstawionym artykule zostało omówione nauczanie Ojców Apostolskich na temat Bożej kary za grzechy. W swojej refleksji opierają się przede wszystkim na Piśmie Świętym. Sięgają więc do obrazu drogi życia, której opisowi, jako drogi do zbawienia, poświęcają znacznie więcej uwagi, i drogi śmierci, przed którą starają się przestrzec adresatów swoich pism. Droga śmierci to droga negacji Bożych przykazań, lekceważenia woli Bożej i upartego trwania w grzechach. Konsekwencją takiej postawy jest kara wieczna, którą Ojcowie opisują jako śmierć i pozbawienie udziału w Królestwie Bożym. Człowiek, który wyparł się Boga, sam skazuje siebie na karę wieczną. Będzie on płonął w nieugaszonym ogniu. Nauczanie Ojców Apostolskich ma charakter ściśle pastoralny.
„Przypomnij sobie…” (Ap 2,5; 3,3) Duch Święty żywą pamięcią Kościoła w świetle Apokalipsy Janowej
Authors: Podeszwa Paweł Adam
Published: November 2020

Duch Święty przypomina Kościołowi wszystko, co powiedział i uczynił Jezusa. Dwa teksty z Apokalipsy Janowej wskazują wyraźnie na tę funkcję Parakleta, który mówi do wspólnoty, odwołując się jednocześnie do jej pamięci: w Liście do Kościoła w Efezie (2,5) oraz w Liście do Kościoła w Sardach (3,3). Oba pisma zawierają imperatyw „przypomnij sobie”.  W ich świetle staramy się odpowiedzieć na podstawowe pytanie: o czym Duch Święty przypomina Kościołowi? Analizowane teksty, w których Duch Święty wzywa wspólnotę Kościoła do pobudzenia pamięci, wyraźnie wskazują, że chodzi przede wszystkim najpierw o przypomnienie fundamentów chrześcijańskiej wiary (wcielenie, misterium paschalne) oraz tożsamości chrześcijan, przez chrzest złączonych z ukrzyżowanym i zmartwychwstałym Jezusem i zrodzonych do nowego życia. Wezwanie do pamiętania jest równoznaczne z koniecznością gorliwego strzeżenia depozytu wiary oraz nawracania się, to znaczy przyjmowania mentalności i zamysłu samego Boga, co dalej ma owocować konkretnymi czynami wiary. Motywacją do takiej postawy chrześcijan jest pamięć o dobrodziejstwach i darach Boga. Duch Święty, nazywany przez Katechizm Kościoła Katolickiego „żywą pamięcią Kościoła” (1099), pobudzając i aktywując pamięć wspólnoty, mobilizuje do żywej i owocującej wiary, która wyraża się w prawdziwym chrześcijańskim świadectwie przynależności do Jezusa, braterskiej miłości oraz gorliwym głoszeniu Dobrej Nowiny.
Danuta Piekarz, (Nie) święty gniew. Co Biblia mówi o złości? (Kraków: Wydawnictwo WAM 2019)
Authors: Bąk Tomasz Bartłomiej
Published: November 2020

Recenzja książki: Danuta Piekarz, (Nie) święty gniew. Co Biblia mówi o złości? (Kraków: Wydawnictwo WAM 2019). Ss. 168. PLN 24,90. ISBN 978-83-277-1642-2.
El Espíritu Santo en su índole trinitaria y esponsal según Guillermo de Saint Thierry
Authors: Reyes-Gacitúa Eva
Published: November 2020

In his writings, the theologian and mysticist William of St-Thierry (early 12th century) elaborates a pneumatological conception centering around espousal dynamism. From this place, the author’s main formulations are reflected in the work Expositio super Cantica canticorum: First, William of St-Thierry understood love as a primacy of the Spirit; second, he elucidated the progress of beauty as the source of every good, referring to lovers’ reciprocity; and finally, he speaks of the union of the two lovers which brings them into only one Spirit. From these axes, we intend to understand and analyze Unitas spiritus, as an economic event in the life of a believer, from which our author articulates that the Holy Spirit makes possible the unity of Father God and Son, as well as that of God and mankind.
Biblijne podstawy nauczania o Duchu Świętym w "Katechezach" Cyryla Jerozolimskiego
Authors: Widok Norbert
Published: November 2020

Tekst przedłożonego artykułu przedstawia nauczanie Cyryla Jerozolimskiego († 387) na temat Ducha Świętego w ramach jego interpretacji tzw. symbolu wiary stosowanego w Jerozolimie. Będąc autorem 18 katechez wygłoszonych do katechumenów i 5 skierowanych do neofitów, dwie z nich poświęcił przekazaniu nauki o Duchu Świętym. Są nimi Katecheza XVI i Katecheza XVII umieszczone w cyklu nauk katechetycznych przeznaczonych dla katechumenów. Analiza tekstowa tych katechez doprowadziła do wyselekcjonowania kilku aspektów tego nauczania, mającego charakter biblijnego udokumentowania przekazywanych wątków. Na uwagę zasługują kwestie związane z nazwami Ducha Świętego, z istotą trynitarnych relacji oraz Jego naturą i zbawczymi zadaniami. Poszczególne zagadnienia, jak wykazała analiza, ukazują Cyryla jako wytrawnego teologa i katechetę drugiej połowy IV wieku, a więc przez Soborem Konstantynopolitańskim, na którym dopiero została rozstrzygnięta nauka o Duchu Świętym w spisanym tam Credo.
Permissibility of Death Penalty as a Hermeneutic Dilemma
Authors: Kosche Michał
Published: November 2020

The notion of moral fairness of application of capital punishment is stretched between two poles of opposite interpretative meanings. On the one hand, there is an imperative related to maintaining the social order and good that justifies in some specific cases killing an individual for the good of the community; on the other hand, there is the message of the Gospel about holiness of each human life. In this regard, at the attempt to investigate the fairness of death penalty, a certain hermeneutic tension related to the overlapping of rights and obligations both with regard to the criminal and society that needs to be protected against him or her. The starting point of this article is an outlook on death penalty with due regard of a ‘hermeneutic charge’ contained both in the duty to protect common good and each individual’s life. Next, the ‘genuine paradox’ was analysed that emerges in a situation where the right to live and the right to protect overlap. All the considerations are concluded with a question whether the recent abolitionist interpretation of the Catechism of the Catholic Church should be classified as the continuity hermeneutic or rather the discontinuity hermeneutic.
Catechesis and Catholic Religious Education: Distinct Nonetheless Complementary
Authors: Sultana Carl-Mario
Published: November 2020

Catechesis and religious education are two ways in which the ministry for the education for the faith is exercised, but within different physical contexts and with interlocutors coming from different backgrounds. Moreover, both catechesis and religious education share the same contents, which have been passed on to the interlocutors. This paper seeks to shed some light on the relationship between catechesis and religious education, in terms of their being distinct but at the same time complementary to each other. In this pursuit, we put forward arguments from both directions, those in favour of considering Catholic Religious Education and catechesis as identical and those viewing the two as distinct. The aim is to highlight the specific mission and role of each in education for the faith of the contemporary human being.
Delusions in the two-factor theory
Authors: Lancellotta Eugenia , Bortolotti Lisa
Published: November 2020

In this paper we ask whether the two-factor theory of delusions is compatible with two claims, that delusions are pathological and that delusions are adaptive. We concentrate on two recent and influential models of the two-factor theory: the one proposed by Max Coltheart, Peter Menzies and John Sutton (2010) and the one developed by Ryan McKay (2012). The models converge on the nature of Factor 1 but diverge about the nature of Factor 2. The differences between the two models are reflected in different accounts of the pathological and adaptive nature of delusions. We will explore such differences, considering naturalist and normativist accounts of the pathological and focusing on judgements of adaptiveness that are informed by the shear-pin hypothesis (McKay and Dennett 2009). After reaching our conclusions about the two models, we draw more general implications for the status of delusions within two-factor theories. Are there good grounds to claim that delusions are pathological? Are delusions ever adaptive? Can delusions be at the same time pathological and adaptive?
THE EFFECT OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS ON ENTREPRENEURIAL INTEREST MEDIATED BY ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION ON STUDENTS OF AN NAJIYAH VOCATIONAL SCHOOL TANGGERANG OF 2019/2020 ACADEMIC YEAR
Authors: Siswiandini Tyas
Published: November 2020

Unemployment in Indonesia continues to increase every year. One cause of the unemployment problem is school graduates who have the goal of finding jobs, not developing more jobs. One step in reducing unemployment and increasing employment is by entrepreneurship through entrepreneurship education. An Najiyah Tangerang Vocational School is one of the schools that provide the entrepreneurial understanding and hands-on learning practice. This study aims to determine the effect of internal and external factors on entrepreneurial interest mediated by entrepreneurship education on students of An Najiyah Vocational School Tangerang. This study used a quantitative approach with data analysis in testing the measurement model and the structural model using SmartPLS software version 3.2.8. The results showed that internal and external factors had a significant positive effect on entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial interest on students of An Najiyah Vocational School. If the internal and external factors were mediated by the variable of entrepreneurship education, the effect was significant on entrepreneurial interest. In addition, entrepreneurship education also has a significant positive effect on the entrepreneurial interest of An Najiyah Vocational School.
PENGARUH TINGKAT LITERASI KEUANGAN TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN PADA PELAKU UMKM KECAMATAN CINERE, DEPOk
Authors: Pusporini Pusporini
Published: November 2020

Penelitin ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar tingkat literasi keuangan serta pengaruhnya terhadap pengelolaan keuangan UMKM Kecamatan Cinere Depok. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Dalam penelitian ini perhitungan besar sampel (sample size) yang diambil sebanyak 50 responden yang ikut serta dalam penelitian ini. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi variabel independen, yaitu literasi keuangan, dan variabel dependen, yaitu pengelolaan keuangan. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner dengan Skala likert membedakan antara jawaban 1-5. Metode analisis menggunakan analisis PLS. pada hasil penelitin ini menunjukkan bahwa Literasi Keunagan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengelolaan keuangan UMKM di Kecamatan Cinere Depok
Functional Food Center’s vision on functional food definition and science in comparison to FDA’s health claim authorization and Japan’s Foods for Specified Health Uses
Authors: Sadohara Rie , Martirosyan Danik
Published: November 2020

The aging population and skyrocketing medical costs are an urgent problem in some countries, which necessitates the prevention of diseases and postponement of disease progression with non-medical means. Functional foods are those that exhibit beneficial effects on human health and play a vital role in supporting part of normal diets. In order to produce functional foods with safe and effective active compounds, it is necessary to define functional foods and to identify the bioactive compounds, the mode(s) of action, and the proper daily dosage. Furthermore, functional foods should undergo a neutral evaluation by an independent organization to ensure only safe and effective products will be released to the market. Japan’s Foods for Specified Health Uses (FOSHU) approval system will be described in this review as an example in which individual functional foods are evaluated with numerous criteria by a governmental agency. Whilst the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) evaluates and authorizes health claim petitions, a definition of functional foods and a distinct functional food category are lacking in the U.S.. The Functional Food Center (FFC) has been supporting functional food scientists worldwide through research and the publishing of numerous educational materials on functional foods. Thus, the FFC and the Academic Society for Functional Foods and Bioactive Compounds (ASFFBC) can and are willing to help the FDA and other governmental agencies establish the category of functional foods and the field of functional food science, which needs to be highly collaborative and multidisciplinary. This review will also describe the current health claim authorization by the FDA and the FFC’s vision on the definition of functional foods, bioactive compounds, and the establishment of functional food science that will eventually contribute to human health and well-being in the US and across the globe.Keywords: functional food definition, functional foods, FOSHU, bioactive compounds, functional food science, health claim, foods for specified health uses
Ubiquitous healthcare on smart environments: A systematic mapping study
Authors: da Rosa Tavares João Elison , Victória Barbosa Jorge Luis
Published: November 2020

The number of elderly is increasing in recent years. According to the United Nations (UN), in 2050 there will be 2.1 billion people above 60 years of age worldwide. In addition, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that more than 1 billion people live with some form of disability, the leading causes of which are chronic diseases and accidents. Thus, many opportunities for the application of smart environments to support ubiquitous healthcare are emerging, the benefits of which may be reflected in reduced medical costs and increased convenience of patients and families. This systematic mapping study aims to identify how smart environments have been applied to support ubiquitous healthcare, what techniques and technologies are being used, and what research gaps are still left unexplored. Eight scientific repositories were used to search for papers in the area of ubiquitous healthcare, and a filtering process was used to remove bias. Of an initial sample of 1706 studies, 49 were reviewed entirely, analyzed, and categorized. Among these, we highlight those oriented to monitoring, detection, notification, and action on situations that may cause illnesses or promote the improvement of people’s health and wellness. Technologies to support ubiquitous healthcare were categorized into three groups: ambient sensors, wearables, and social robotics. These technologies have been applied most frequently to support the elderly and disabled. The diseases most commonly cited were dementia, diabetes, Alzheimer’s, autism, obesity, mental stress, sleep disorders, asthma, epilepsy and chronic diseases. We found only three papers that used prediction models. Finally, we observed a trend of using social robotics to improve the intelligence of ambient, aggregating mobility, and acting.
HbF-promoting polymorphisms may specifically reduce the residual risk of cerebral vasculopathy in SCA children with alpha-thalassemia
Authors: Joly Philippe , Bonello-Palot Nathalie , Badens Catherine , Pissard Serge , Chamouine Abdourahim , Bernaudin Françoise , Bertrand Yves , Connes Philippe , Renoux Céline
Published: November 2020

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a disease characterized by abnormal red blood cell rheology. Because of their effects on HbS polymerization and red blood cell deformability, alpha-thalassemia and the residual HbF level are known genetic modifiers of the disease. The aim of our study was to determine if the number of HbF quantitative trait loci (QTL) would also favor a specific sub-phenotype of SCA as it is the case for alpha-thalassemia. Our results confirmed that alpha-thalassemia protected from cerebral vasculopathy but increased the risk for frequent painful vaso-occlusive crises. We also showed that more HbF-QTL may provide an additional and specific protection against cerebral vasculopathy but only for children with alpha-thalassemia (-α/αα or -α/-α genotypes).
Cognitive Performance and Cerebrospinal Fluid Markers in Preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease: Results from the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies
Authors: Rådestig Maya Arvidsson , Skoog Johan , Zetterberg Henrik , Kern Jürgen , Zettergren Anna , Sacuiu Simona , Waern Margda , Wetterberg Hanna , Blennow Kaj , Skoog Ingmar , Kern Silke
Published: November 2020

Background: We have previously shown that older adults with preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) had slightly worse performance in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) than participants without preclinical AD pathology. Objective: We therefore aimed to compare performance on neurocognitive tests in a population-based sample of 70-year-olds with and without CSF AD pathology. Methods: The sample was derived from the population-based Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies in Sweden. Participants (n = 316, 70 years old) underwent comprehensive cognitive examinations, and CSF Aβ-42, Aβ-40, T-tau, and P-tau concentrations were measured. Participants were classified according to the ATN system, and according to their Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) score. Cognitive performance was examined in the CSF amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration (ATN) categories. Results: Among participants with CDR 0 (n = 259), those with amyloid (A+) and/or tau pathology (T+, N+) showed similar performance on most cognitive tests compared to participants with A-T-N-. Participants with A-T-N+ performed worse in memory (Supra span (p = 0.003), object Delayed (p = 0.042) and Immediate recall (p = 0.033)). Among participants with CDR 0.5 (n = 57), those with amyloid pathology (A+) scored worse in category fluency (p = 0.003). Conclusion: Cognitively normal participants with amyloid and/or tau pathology performed similarly to those without any biomarker evidence of preclinical AD in most cognitive domains, with the exception of slightly poorer memory performance in A-T-N+. Our study suggests that preclinical AD biomarkers are altered before cognitive decline.
Physical Activity and Trajectory of Cognitive Change in Older Persons: Mayo Clinic Study of Aging
Authors: Krell-Roesch Janina , Syrjanen Jeremy A. , Bezold Jelena , Trautwein Sandra , Barisch-Fritz Bettina , Boes Klaus , Woll Alexander , Forzani Erica , Kremers Walter K. , Machulda Mary M. , Mielke Michelle M. , Knopman David S. , Petersen Ronald C. , Vassilaki Maria , Geda Yonas E.
Published: November 2020

Background: Little is known about the association between physical activity (PA) and cognitive trajectories in older adults. Objective: To examine the association between PA and change in memory, language, attention, visuospatial skills, and global cognition, and a potential impact of sex or Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ4 status. Methods: Longitudinal study derived from the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, including 2,060 cognitively unimpaired males and females aged ≥70 years. Engagement in midlife (ages 50–65) and late-life (last year) PA was assessed using a questionnaire. Neuropsychological testing was done every 15 months (mean follow-up 5.8 years). We ran linear mixed-effect models to examine whether mid- or late-life PA at three intensities (mild, moderate, vigorous) was associated with cognitive z-scores. Results: Light intensity midlife PA was associated with less decline in memory function compared to the no-PA reference group (time x light PA; estimate [standard error] 0.047 [0.016], p = 0.004). Vigorous late-life PA was associated with less decline in language (0.033 [0.015], p = 0.030), attention (0.032 [0.017], p = 0.050), and global cognition (0.039 [0.016], p = 0.012). Females who were physically inactive in midlife experienced more pronounced cognitive decline than females physically active in midlife and males regardless of PA (p-values for time interaction terms with midlife PA levels and sex were all p < 0.05 for global cognition). APOE ɛ4 carriership did not moderate the association between PA and cognition. Conclusion: Engaging in PA, particularly of vigorous intensity in late-life, was associated with less pronounced decline in global and domain-specific cognition. This association may differ by sex.
Association of Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms with Amyloid-β Transporters Expression and Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment in a Chilean Cohort
Authors: Arévalo Nohela B. , Castillo-Godoy Daniela P. , Espinoza-Fuenzalida Italo , Rogers Nicole K. , Farias Gonzalo , Delgado Carolina , Henriquez Mauricio , Herrera Luisa , Behrens María Isabel , SanMartín Carol D.
Published: November 2020

Background: Amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) deposition in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is due to an imbalance in its production/clearance rate. Aβ is transported across the blood-brain barrier by LRP1 and P-gp as efflux transporters and RAGE as influx transporter. Vitamin D deficit and polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene are associated with high prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. Further, vitamin D promotes the expression of LRP1 and P-gp in AD-animal model brains. Objective: To associate VDR polymorphisms Apa I (rs7975232), Taq I (rs731236), and Fok I (rs2228570) with the risk of developing MCI in a Chilean population, and to evaluate the relationship of these polymorphisms to the expression of VDR and Aβ-transporters in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Methods: VDR polymorphisms Apa I, Taq I, and Fok I were determined in 128 healthy controls (HC) and 66 MCI patients. mRNA levels of VDR and Aβ-transporters were evaluated in subgroups by qPCR. Results: Alleles A of Apa I and C of Taq I were associated with a lower risk of MCI. HC with the Apa I AA genotype had higher mRNA levels of P-gp and LRP1, while the expression of VDR and RAGE were higher in MCI patients and HC. For Fok I, the TC genotype was associated with lower expression levels of Aβ-transporters in both groups. Conclusion: We propose that the response to vitamin D treatment will depend on VDR polymorphisms, being more efficient in carriers of protective alleles of Apa I polymorphism.
Neuropathological Alzheimer’s Disease Lesions in Nasu-Hakola Disease with TREM2 Mutation: Atypical Distribution of Neurofibrillary Changes
Authors: Maderna Emanuela , Visonà Silvia , Bolcato Vittorio , Redaelli Veronica , Caroppo Paola , Montalbetti Lorenza , Giaccone Giorgio , Osculati Antonio
Published: November 2020

Nasu-Hakola disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder associated to mutations in TREM2 and DAP12 genes, neuropathologically characterized by leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids. We report the neuropathologic findings of a 51-year-old female with a homozygous mutation (Q33X) of TREM2 gene. Beside severe cerebral atrophy and hallmarks of Nasu-Hakola disease, significant Alzheimer’s disease lesions were present. Neurofibrillary changes showed an atypical topographic distribution being severe at spots in the neocortex while sparing the mesial temporal structures. Our finding suggests that TREM2 genetic defects may favor Alzheimer’s disease pathology with neurofibrillary changes not following the hierarchical staging of cortical involvement identified by Braak.
La sociedad democrática
Authors: Del Valle F.
Published: November 2020

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La Unión Internacional de Asociaciones Patronales Católicas (U.N.I.A.P.A.C.)
Authors: B. M.
Published: November 2020

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II - Crónica Internacional
Authors: Redacción Consejo de
Published: November 2020

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The Effect of Intestinal Natural Micro Flora Removal on Susceptibility to Have Seizure in Male Wistar Rats
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Tahmasebi Saeed , Oryan Sharbanoo ,   Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Kharazmi, Tehran, Iran., Mohajerani Hamid Reza ,   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran., Akbari Neda ,   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran., Palizvan Mohammad Reza ,   Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Published: November 2020

Background and Aim: Epilepsy is a common brain disorder. Brain function can be affected by the intestinal microflora. The intestinal microflora have a major role in modulating immune responses, producing essential metabolites and mediating neurotransmitters. Antibiotics can affect and reduce these roles and functions by eliminating the intestinal microflora. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of intestinal natural micro flora removal on seizure susceptibility and seizure behavior modification with the use of probiotics in male Wistar rats. Methods & Materials: This study was performed on 32 male Wistar rats with weight range 200-250 gr. The animals were randomly divided into four groups: 1. Control group; 2. Antibiotic group; 3. Probiotic group and 4. Antibiotic + probiotic group. To remove the microflora, antibiotics (neomycin, ampicillin, and metronidazole) for three weeks and for replacement of microflora, probiotics (Lactobacilli casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum) for four weeks were administered. Seizures were performed by intraperitoneal injection of pentylentrazole. The microflora was examined by the MRS Agar medium and the Pure Plate method. The data were statistically analyzed in Graph Pad Prism V. 8. Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1395.176). Results: The use of antibiotics lead to decrease the number of intestinal bacteria (P<0.0001), increased the severity and stability of seizure stages (P<0.05) and decreased the time delay of seizure onset (P<0.05) compared to the control group. Probiotic consumption by modifying the intestinal microflora (P<0.0001) reduced the severity of seizure and increased the time delay of seizure onset (P<0.05). Conclusion: Elimination of microflora has the potential to induce seizures, which can be compensated by administration of probiotics.
TINJAUAN ANTROPOLINGUISTIK TRADISI SELAMATAN SEDEKAH DESA DI BELUMBANG (PETILASAN DHAMARWULAN) DESA SUDIMORO JOMBANG
Authors: Hanifah Nur , Wahyuniarti Fitri Resti
Published: November 2020

Tradisi selamatan sedekah desa yang merupakan salah satu bentuk ritual tradisional masyarakat di pulau Jawa yang sudah berlangsung secara turun-temurun dari nenek moyang orang Jawa. Di desa Sudimoro Jombang masyarakat masih melakukan tradisi selamatan sedekah desa sampai sekarang tidak hanya tradisi selamtan sedekah desa banyak tradisi yang ada di desa tersebut. Tradisi selamatan sedekah desa dilaksanakan setahun sekali di bulan Desember. Di desan Sudimoro terdapat situs budaya yaitu petilasan dharmawulan tempat dilaksanakan upacara tradisi selamatan dan tempat kramat. Jenis metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik penelitian dengan observasi ke desa Sudimoro Jombang dan wawancara dengan salah satu warga. Data dalam penelitian ini mengenai proses pelaksanaan tradisi sedekah desa di Balumbang (petilasan Dhamarwulan) desa Sudimoro Jombang dan kajian antropolinguistik mengenai tradisi selamatan sedekah desa mengkaji studi bahasa, budaya, dan lain kehidupan manusia (pembuatan).Tinjauan antropolinguistik pada bahasa dalang pada cerita pewayangan Dhamarwulan.Tujuan pelaksanaan tradisi selamatan sedekah desa yaitu agar terhindar dari segala bahaya dan mendekatkan diri kepada penguasa alam (Allah SWT), sebagai tanda syukur atas nikmat dari karuniaNya yang telah diberikan kepada masyarakat desa sehingga hasil pertanian dan hasil usaha lainya berhasil. Selain itu ditunjukkan untuk melestarikan tradisi yang sudah ada pada jaman kerajaan Majapahit dan menge
Hvarska renesansna intelektualna polja
Authors: Čavić Aldo
Published: November 2020

Dalmatinske su komune u XVI. stoljeću bile zasebni politički organizmi,
strukturirane kao aristokratske republike, a njeni su stanovnici
osjećali komunu kao jedinu domovinu. Ipak postojao je i širi
društveni prostor u osnovi čijeg su integracijskog procesa bili ljudi,
njihove veze i bliskosti duhovnih struktura, a koji se može podijeliti
na veći tzv. jadranski društveni prostor koji se ostvaruje na cijelom
Jadranu – i hrvatskom i talijanskom, i onaj uži – „istočnojadranski”
– u zemlji Schiavona, koji su stvorili svojom intelektualnom djelatnošću,
vezama i komunikacijama plemići dalmatinskih komuna, a
najočitiji je u kreiranju prostora humanističke i renesansne književnosti,
prostor dalmatinske res publica litteraria. Ova „književna republika”
nadilazila je uske granice komuna – domovina, ali i staleške
podjele unutar komuna – u njoj su ravnopravno sudjelovali književnici
plemići i pučani. Kao svaka republika, imala je unutar članova
hijerarhijsku ljestvicu i uloge koje su pojedini članovi „republike”
zauzimali. Taj društveni prostor dalmatinske književne republike
istražen je u svjetlu teorije francuskoga sociologa i filozofa Pierra
Bourdieua o intelektualnim i kulturnim poljima, polazeći od premise
da su u svakom činu intelektualnog i umjetničkog stvaranja skrivene
veze između stvaratelja i njegovoga djela, uvjetovane društvenim
odnosima unutar kojih se događa stvaralački čin kao čin komunikacije,
odnosno da je samo djelo uvjetovano položajem stvaratelja u
intelektualnom polju. Analizirano je 47 komunikacijskih tekstova
(prije svega poslanica) napisanih od početka do sedamdesetih godina
XVI. st., a kojima su pošiljatelji ili adresati hvarski književnici. Iz toga
su proizašla dva hvarska intelektualna polja te uočene centralne
ličnosti u svakom od njih. Također je u dodatku, u svjetlu novootkrivene
knjige talijanskih soneta Hanibala Lucića, konstruirano Lucićevo
talijansko intelektualno polje.
La centralità politico-culturale di Venezia negli scambi epistolari del primo Cinquecento
Authors: Damiani Martina
Published: November 2020

Pietro Aretino intrattiene da Venezia diverse corrispondenze con
personaggi di spicco del panorama politico e culturale, come traspare
dai nomi altisonanti presenti nelle sue Lettere. Quando decide di rendere
noti i suoi contatti epistolari e di includerli in un libro, ottiene un immediato
successo che spinge il suo editore, Francesco Marcolini, a stampare
nuove edizioni dell’opera. Con l’intento di ribadire il suo primato
nell’epistolografia in volgare, Aretino biasima gli scrittori e i tipografi
che pubblicano, subito dopo di lui, una moltitudine di libri di lettere,
imitandolo. Dalla sua critica esonera però le persone più in vista di
Venezia, tra cui Paolo Manuzio, prolifico autore ed editore di raccolte
epistolari. Il presente lavoro si propone di analizzare quelle lettere che
svelano il complesso meccanismo editoriale che sta dietro agli scambi
epistolari del primo Cinquecento.
Family Ties and Written Multilingual Heritage of the Frankapani at the Dawn of the Early Modern Period
Authors: Jurković Ivan
Published: November 2020

In the second half of the fifteenth and the first half of the sixteenth
century the Frankapani of Krk, Senj, and Modruš were at the peak of
their power. This family of Croatian counts was networked through
marriage from the Adriatic to the Baltic Sea with Italian, Hungarian,
Austrian, and German royal and aristocratic families. Their presence in
the courts of their next of kin, as well as their in-laws, is therefore not
surprising, whether it be the Roman Curia or the Hohenzollern Branderburger
Palace in Berlin. In such a wide system of communications, the
Frankapani presented themselves to the European public as a multilingual
family ready to promulgate not only the written heritage nurtured
during the Middle Ages in Croatia (Latin and Glagolitic), but also
ready to adopt, promote, and disseminate the written heritage of their
spouses (Italian, German, Hungarian). The following examples attest to
this statement: the Roman breviary translated into the German language
by Christopher Frankapan and his wife Apollonia Lang printed in
1518 in Venice, the anti-Turkish speech in Latin delivered by Christopher’s
father, Bernardin, before the German assembly in Nuremberg and
printed in 1522 for the occasion, the translated epistles of Saint Paul,
from Latin to Hungarian, donated by Catherine Frankapan married to
Gabriel (Gábor) Perényi, printed in Krakow in 1533, and the first Croatian-
language breviary written in the Latin script, rather than in the
Glagolitic, commissioned by Catherine Frankapan married to Nicholas
Zrinski, published in 1560 in Padua.
Krav Maga: Análise da produção científica
Authors: Andrade Neto João Batista De , Navarro Antônio Coppi , Navarro Francisco , Salgado Filho Natalino
Published: November 2020

O presente estudo objetivou analisar a produção científica de Krav Maga nas principais plataformas acadêmicas de acesso livre no Brasil e no mundo, nos últimos 20 anos (1998-2018). Na revisão sistemática, foram realizadas buscas apenas de artigos originais, utilizando os termos Krav Maga e treinamento físico. Para a análise estatística, foi utilizado o teste qui-quadrado para comparar as proporções. Foram quantificados 362 documentos, dos quais, (98,07%) encontrados no Portal de Periódicos CAPES/MEC. Quanto à qualificação, foram encontrados: (21) Artigos científicos; (07) resenhas de livros; (268) artigos de jornais não científicos; (13) cinema; (24) revistas; (01) biografia; (13) moda, 11 (vendas); (05) agricultura e (01) etiologia. Esses resultados indicam a necessidade emergente de investigações acerca do tema Krav Maga, principalmente sobre os efeitos de seu treinamento físico, bem com a aproximação crítico-dialógica e da práxis educacional do ponto de vista acadêmico e profissional por parte dos múltiplos agentes que dinamizam e reconfiguram as manifestações corporais e de movimento desta modalidade de luta.
Cancer stem cells markers associated with development and aggressive phenotype in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Rodrigues Camila Juliano Salvador , Silveira Elita Ferreira da , Vargas Rafael da Silveira , Giacomo Giordano Gatti de , Bianchin Marino Muxfeldt
Published: November 2020

Background: Cancer stem cells, also known as tumor-initiating cells, are suggested to be responsible for drug resistance and cancer development due in part to their ability to self-renew themselves and differentiate into heterogeneous lineages of cancer cells. Objective: This study was designed to investigate the role of cancer stem cells in pancreatic cancer. Methods: A retrospective clinicopathological analysis was undertaken in 112 patients diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma between 2005 and 2010, and immunohistochemistry was performed with antibodies against CD133, CD24, and OCT4. Positive nuclear, cytoplasmic or membrane staining for each antibody was rated on staining intensity, being classified into low/moderate or strong staining groups. Results were analyzed relative to each patient’s clinicopathological parameters. Results: There was an established relationship between the staining of the markers with some variables associated with worse prognosis, being the three markers present in most tumor cells and associated with tumor progression. We suppose that cancer stem cells are present from the beginning of tumor initiation and are intrinsically related to tumor development. Although the presence of stem cells has been associated with molecular biology of various tumors, their expression in pancreatic cancer has not yet been clinically reported. Conclusion: The presence of stem cells and their role in pancreatic cancer tumorigenesis may be considered as valuable prognostic factors, although the mechanism involved needs further investigation. Increasing insights into role of cancer stem cells and carcinogenesis can ultimately generate new ideas for molecularly based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Análise das complicações pós-operatórias de gastrectomias e fatores associados
Authors: Pereira Fernanda Cândido , Moreira Geterson Bezerra , Melo Andresa Mayra de Sousa , Ponte Neto Francisco Amaury Vasconcelos , Mendonça José Arthur Barreto Alves e , Martins Letícia Carvalho , Paixão Marcos Roberto Diógenes , Melo Michelle Freitas , Studnicka Natalli , Nogueira Victor Matheus Gouveia , Moura Daiane Dias de
Published: November 2020

Introdução: A gastrectomia é um procedimento cirúrgico que consiste na retirada parcial ou completa do estômago. Suas principais indicações são o câncer gástrico, as complicações da doença ulcerosa péptica e o tratamento da obesidade mórbida. As gastrectomias, cirurgias de grande porte, possuem significativas taxas de morbidade e são passíveis de complicações, que podem conferir alto risco de morte ao paciente, exigindo intervenção em caráter de urgência. Assim, este estudo objetiva analisar e discutir as complicações das gastrectomias, descritas na literatura atual, e os fatores relacionados a elas. Métodos: A busca dos artigos foi realizada por meio do acesso à base de dados PubMed, com os descritores contidos no DeCS (Descritores em Ciências da Saúde), condizentes à temática da pesquisa e referentes aos termos: “cirurgia”, “gastrectomia”, “complicações pós-operatórias”, “obesidade”, “síndrome pós-gastrectomia”, “úlcera gástrica” e “neoplasias gástricas”, que associados aos operadores booleanos “AND” e “OR” proporcionaram a elaboração da fórmula de pesquisa utilizada. A busca resultou em um total de 96 artigos na base de dados, aos quais foram aplicados os critérios de inclusão e exclusão e, por fim, 21 artigos foram incluídos na presente revisão. Resultados: Dentre os estudos analisados, 57,14% dos artigos (n= 12) abordaram complicações das gastrectomias para o tratamento do câncer gástrico e 42,86% (n=9) para o tratamento da obesidade. Peritonite, devido à formação de fístula anastomótica ou deiscência da ferida, foi a complicação geral precoce mais relatada pelos estudos. Concentração de PCR (proteína C reativa), albumina, relação PCR/albumina, idade, comorbidades, estádio do câncer gástrico, estado nutricional, dia da semana em que é realizada a cirurgia, entre outros fatores, foram apontados pelos estudos como preditores de complicações pós-operatórias das gastrectomias. Conclusões: Diante dos principais achados do presente estudo, reforça-se a relevância de os cirurgiões conhecerem as complicações das gastrectomias, em termos de frequência e gravidade, e os fatores relacionados a elas, a fim de evitar essas intercorrências ou tratá-las oportunamente, elevando a sobrevida dos pacientes.
Low Vitamin D Levels Increase the Risk of Early Onset Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Yuyun Lisnawati , Sungkar Ali , Rohsiswatno Rinawati , Wibowo Noroyono , Hermartin Denni , Kindi Agustin
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objective: To identify the association between maternal and umbilical cord vitamin D levels with suspects of early-onset of neonatal sepsis (EONS) in newborns from mothers with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study conducted from January 2017 to Augusts 2018. Data was taken consecutively from medical records and previous study data at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo and Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta.Results: From total of 72 infants from mothers with PPROM, 22 infants (31%) were EONS-suspected and 50 infants (69%) were not EONS-suspected. There was a significant association between maternal and umbilical cord vitamin D levels with EONS.Conclusion: There was a significant association between maternal and umbilical cord vitamin D levels with EONS.Keywords: early-onset neonatal sepsis, preterm premature rupture of membrane, vitamin D,

 

Abstrak

Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kadar vitamin D maternal dan tali pusat dengan risiko tejadinya Sepsis Neonatal Awitan Dini (SNAD) pada bayi dari ibu dengan Ketuban Pecah Dini (KPD).Metode: Desain penelitian kohort retrospektif secara consecutive sampling. Data diambil dari rekam medis dan data penelitian sebelumnya di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional (RSUPN) Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo dan Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Persahabatan, Jakarta. Hasil:  Dari 72 bayi yang dilahirkan dari ibu dengan KPD, 22 bayi (31%) diantaranya diduga mengalami SNAD, sedangkan 50 bayi lainnya tidak mengalami SNAD. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kadar vitamin D maternal dan tali pusat dengan kejadian SNAD. Kesimpulan:Terdapathubungan yang bermakna antara kadar vitamin D maternal dan tali pusat dengan kejadian SNAD.Kata kunci: ketuban pecah dini,  sepsis neonatal awitan dini, vitamin D
Accuracy Tests of Serum Vitamin D and Calcium Levels in Chorioamnionitis
Authors: C. Husna Muhammad F. , Lestari Peby M. , Syamsuri Ahmad K. , Theodorus
Published: November 2020

Objective: To compare the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis of chorioamnionitis in preterm labor using serum vitamin D and calcium in Dr.Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang.Method: This diagnostic test was carried out in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang from October 2018 to April 2019. Research subjects were women in preterm labor with chorioamnionitis. We collected 39 samples and 36 of them met the inclusion criteria.Results: Eighteen patients with hypovitaminosis vitamin D had chorioamnionitis with a sensitivity value of 94.74%, specificity 5, 88%, positive predictive value (PPV) 52.9% and negative predictive value (NPV) 50%. Two of the 4 patients with hypocalcemia had chorioamnionitis with sensitivity of 10.53%, specificity 88. 24%, positive predictive value (PPV) 50% and negative predictive value (NPV) 46. 9%.Conclusion: Reliability of diagnosis accuracy of serum vitamin and calcium levels against chorioamnionitis is poor.Keywords: accuracy tests, calcium, chorioamnionitis, vitamin D

Abstrak

Tujuan: Membandingkan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas diagnosis korioamnionitis pada partus prematurus antara serum vitamin D dan kalsium di Rumah Sakit Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang.Metode: Uji diagnostik dilakukan di Departemen Obstetrik dan Ginekologi RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. Penelitian dilaksanakan sejak Oktober 2018 hingga April 2019. Subjek penelitian adalah wanita hamil prematur yang didiagnosa korioamnionitis. Terdapat 39 sampel dimana 36 sampel termasuk kriteria inklusi.Hasil: Terdapat 18 pasien dengan hipovitaminosis vitamin D memiliki luaran koriaoamnionitis memiliki nilai sensitivitas 94,74%, spesifisitas 5, 88%, positive predictive value (PPV) 52, 9% dan negative predictive value (NPV) 50%. 2 dari 4 pasien dengan hipokalsemia memiliki luaran korioamnionitis memiliki sensitivitas 10, 53%, spesifisitas 88, 24%, positive predictive value (PPV) 50% dan negative predictive value (NPV) 46, 9%.Kesimpulan: Akurasi diagnosis kadar serum vitamin dan kalsium terhadap luaran korioamnionitis memiliki derajat kesesuaian (realiabilitas) kurang baik.Kata kunci: kalsium, korioamnionitis, uji kesesuaian, vitamin D
Blood Transfusion in Obstetric Cases
Authors: Sungkar Ali , Surya Raymond
Published: November 2020

Objective: To discuss about blood loss in an obstetric setting, the role of blood transfusion, and patient blood management.Methods: Literature review.Results: Severe anaemia with hemoglobin level less than 7 g/dL or late gestation (more than 34 weeks) and/ or significant symptoms of anaemia, the recommendation is giving only single unit transfusion followed by clinical reassessment for further transfusion. In postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), massive transfusion protocols are commonly used description as large volume of blood products over a brief period to a patient with uncontrolled or severe hemorrhage, transfusion more than 10 RBC units within 24 hours, transfusion more than 4 RBC units in 1 hour with anticipation of continued need for blood, replacement of more than 50% of total blood volume by blood products within 3 hours. All obstetric units have a clear-cut massive transfusion protocol for the initial management of life-threatening PPH, considering early transfusion therapy with RBCs and FFP.Conclusion: Patient blood management aims to maintain hemoglobin concentration, optimize haemostasis, and minimize blood loss in effort to improve patient outcomes. Massive transfusion protocol in management of life-threatening should depend on each obstetric unit.Keywords: blood transfusion, obstetric cases, patient blood management.

 

Abstrak

Tujuan: Untuk mendiskusikan tentang hilang darah dalam obstetric, peran transfusi darah, dan patient blood management.Metode: Kajian pustaka.Hasil: Anemia berat dengan nilai hemoglobin kurang dari 7 g/dL atau kehamilan lanjut (lebih dari 34 minggu) dan/ atau gejala nyata anemia, rekomendasi ialah memberikan satu unit transfusi diikuti dengan penilainan klinis untuk transfusi lebih lanjut. Pada perdarahan postpartum, protokol transfusi massif umum digambarkan sebagai volume darah yang dibutuhkan jumlah banyak dalam periode singkat, transfusi lebih dari 10 sel darah merah dalam 24 jam atau lebih dari 1 jam, penggantian lebih dari 50% total volume darah dalam 3 jam. Seluruh unit obstetric memiliki protokol transfusi massif yang jelas untuk taalaksana awal perdarahan postpartum dengan mempertimbangkan transfusi awal untuk komponen sel darah merah dan FFP.Kesimpulan: Patient blood management bertujuan untuk menjaga konsentrasi hemoglobin, optimalisasi hemostasis, dan minimalisasi hilang darah untuk meningkatkan luaran pasien. Protokol transfusi masfi dalam tatalaksana yang mengancam nyawa sangat bergantung pada setiap unit obstetrik.Kata kunci: kasus obstetri, patient blood management, transfusi darah