bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O escopo do Ministério Público diante da urgência climática e o desflorestamento da Amazônia
Authors: Pompeu Gina Marcilio , Samartin de Gouveia Alessandro
Published: March 2023

A urgência climática se apresenta como realidade global de interesse planetário. O Amazonas e a Amazônia são elementos de interesse na pauta da urgência climática pelo que o seu bioma ainda tem para oferecer ao mundo. O desflorestamento da Amazônia Legal aumenta, no ano de 2021, e o Estado do Amazonas contribui para esse crescimento. Nesse contexto, a questão de pesquisa é como o Ministério Público pode agir sobre o desflorestamento da Amazônia Legal no Estado do Amazonas e contribuir para o desenvolvimento sustentável da região. Busca-se a compreensão dos contornos da urgência climática e sua relação com os ODS da Agenda 2030 da ONU; discute-se a existência do direito da natureza e sua compatibilidade com o desenvolvimento e o patamar mínimo civilizatório; e apontam-se a realidade e os desafios do Ministério Público Amazonense diante do desflorestamento no Estado. A metodologia aplicada contempla a pesquisa em fontes documentais, legais e bibliográficas, de natureza exploratória e caráter explicativo com análise qualitativa. Com isso, espera-se apresentar informações sobre o papel do Ministério Público na efetivação de políticas públicas que consolidem os fundamentos e objetivos do Estado Democrático de Direito na defesa do meio ambiente saudável e sustentável no Amazonas.
La determinación causal en la responsabilidad ambiental y por productos defectuosos
Authors: Ramos Martínez Maria Florencia
Published: March 2023

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo desentrañar el criterio causal que permita afirmar la conectividad entre la conducta antijurídica y el daño en el marco de productos defectuosos y afectaciones al medioambiente.
Intermediate Temperature Fracture Resistance of Stone Matrix Asphalt Containing Untreated Recycled Concrete Aggregate
Authors: Leon Lee , Smith Jovanca , Frank Annabella
Published: March 2023

The sustainable alternative of blending natural limestone aggregates (NAs) with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) was investigated in this research in order to encourage the utilization of recycled concrete in heavy traffic paving applications. The Marshall Mix design method was used to optimize mix designs containing 0%, 10%, 35% and 50% RCA. Single-edge notched beam (SENB) and semi-circular bending (SCB) tests were then applied and the fracture energy and fracture toughness determined. The tests were conducted at intermediate temperatures (5 °C, 15 °C, 25 °C) and varying notch depths (0.2H, 0.3H and 0.4H). Fracture energy and toughness did not consistently follow the behaviour of mixes with only NA; however, it was determined in this study that a RCA content between 10% and 35% would achieve peak loads, fracture energies and fracture toughness values comparative to a virgin mix.
Nuclear SUN1 stabilizes endothelial cell junctions via microtubules to regulate blood vessel formation
Authors: Buglak Danielle B , Bougaran Pauline , Kulikauskas Molly R , Liu Ziqing , Monaghan-Benson Elizabeth , Gold Ariel L , Marvin Allison P , Burciu Andrew , Tanke Natalie T , Oatley Morgan , Ricketts Shea N , Kinghorn Karina , Johnson Bryan N , Shiau Celia E , Rogers Stephen , Guilluy Christophe , Bautch Victoria L
Published: March 2023

Endothelial cells line all blood vessels, where they coordinate blood vessel formation and the blood-tissue barrier via regulation of cell-cell junctions. The nucleus also regulates endothelial cell behaviors, but it is unclear how the nucleus contributes to endothelial cell activities at the cell periphery. Here, we show that the nuclear-localized linker of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex protein SUN1 regulates vascular sprouting and endothelial cell-cell junction morphology and function. Loss of murine endothelial Sun1 impaired blood vessel formation and destabilized junctions, angiogenic sprouts formed but retracted in SUN1-depleted sprouts, and zebrafish vessels lacking Sun1b had aberrant junctions and defective cell-cell connections. At the cellular level, SUN1 stabilized endothelial cell-cell junctions, promoted junction function, and regulated contractility. Mechanistically, SUN1 depletion altered cell behaviors via the cytoskeleton without changing transcriptional profiles. Reduced peripheral microtubule density, fewer junction contacts, and increased catastrophes accompanied SUN1 loss, and microtubule depolymerization phenocopied effects on junctions. Depletion of GEF-H1, a microtubule-regulated Rho activator, or the LINC complex protein nesprin-1 rescued defective junctions of SUN1-depleted endothelial cells. Thus, endothelial SUN1 regulates peripheral cell-cell junctions from the nucleus via LINC complex-based microtubule interactions that affect peripheral microtubule dynamics and Rho-regulated contractility, and this long-range regulation is important for proper blood vessel sprouting and junction integrity.
Are Jordanians (still) 'humourless'?
Authors: Barahmeh Yousef
Published: March 2023

This article discusses the stereotypical misrepresentations held about Jordanians being ‘humourless,’ and how had the 1989 political opening affected the production and reception of humour in the country. I argue that the difficult economic conditions and increasing pressures after the 1989 political opening have produced more humour and carnivalesque resistance against power and the government in Jordan. Indeed, this political event along with other increasing economic problems and hardships from the 1990s have challenged the stereotypical notions about Jordanians being humourless and po-faced. However, it was not until 2011 that a large number of ordinary people and humourists began more fully engage with carnivalesque and subversive humour that resist power and demand change. Thanks in large part to the revolutionary moment of the Arab Spring and the development of social media technology, which has offered an alternative and independent platform for people to make fun of themselves and of the people in power.
2D hexagonal boron nitride for solar energy conversions
Authors: Ramanathan Amall Ahmed
Published: March 2023

The optoelectronic properties of free standing monolayer (ML) hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is investigated for potential solar energy conversion applications using the density functional theory (DFT) full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method. In addition, the bulk optical properties have also been calculated for the sake of comparison. The dielectric functions, optical conductivities and the optical constants are evaluated using the relaxed structures from electronic total energy pseudopotential calculations. The results reinforce previous research on h-BN DUV optoelectronics and demonstrate the suitability of its use as a component in deep ultraviolet (DUV) and energy conversion devices.
Volcanic-associated ecosystems of the Mediterranean Sea: a systematic map and an interactive tool to support their conservation
Authors: Costa Valentina , Sciutteri Valentina , Consoli Pierpaolo , Manea Elisabetta , Menini Elisabetta , Andaloro Franco , Romeo Teresa , Danovaro Roberto
Published: March 2023

Background

Hydrothermal vents, cold seeps, pockmarks and seamounts are widely distributed on the ocean floor. Over the last fifty years, the knowledge about these volcanic-associated marine ecosystems has notably increased, yet available information is still limited, scattered, and unsuitable to support decision-making processes for the conservation and management of the marine environment.

Methods

Here we searched the Scopus database and the platform Web of Science to collect the scientific information available for these ecosystems in the Mediterranean Sea. The collected literature and the bio-geographic and population variables extracted are provided into a systematic map as an online tool that includes an updated database searchable through a user-friendly R-shiny app.

Results

The 433 literature items with almost one thousand observations provided evidence of more than 100 different volcanic-associated marine ecosystem sites, mostly distributed in the shallow waters of the Mediterranean Sea. Less than 30% of these sites are currently included in protected or regulated areas. The updated database available in the R-shiny app is a tool that could guide the implementation of more effective protection measures for volcanic-associated marine ecosystems in the Mediterranean Sea within existing management instruments under the EU Habitats Directive. Moreover, the information provided in this study could aid policymakers in defining the priorities for the future protection measures needed to achieve the targets of the UN Agenda 2030.
Evaluation of Adverse Outcome Predictors in Neonatal Seizure: A Longitudinal Study from a Tertiary Centre of Eastern India
Authors: Khuntdar Bidyut Kumar , Mondal Sumon , Naik Surjit , Mohanta Mahesh Prasad
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Neonatal seizures are common but can be manifestations of serious underlying disorders and sometimes have a grave prognosis. Predictors for adverse outcomes are important for early referral and advanced interventions. Aim: To study the incidence and factors associated with neonatal seizure and to determine the predictors of adverse outcomes. Materials and Methods: This was a longitudinal study, conducted from April 2020 to March 2021 at a Rural Medical College (Midnapore Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal) in Eastern India. All the admitted newborns (N=143) in the Special Newborn Care Unit (SNCU), who had clinically evident seizures, were included in the study. Data were collected regarding the perinatal history, gestational age, type of delivery, birth weight, APGAR score at 1 and 5 minutes, and need for resuscitation at birth. The onset of the seizure, seizure type, investigation findings, possible aetiological diagnosis, and final outcome was noted. The management of neonatal seizures was as per the institutional protocol. Babies were followed up for a minimum of 28 days or throughout their hospital stay till discharge/death. The outcome was categorised into two categories: ‘favourable’ when there was a normal neurological examination and ‘unfavourable’ when there was any neurological impairment or death. Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 25 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Risk factors were determined by analysing outcomes using simple and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The p-values less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: A total of 143 newborns had seizures out of 3126, making the incidence of neonatal seizures 4.57%. Males outnumbered females. Total 64.33% were preterm. Five minutes APGAR score <7 was noticed in 44.75%. The most common type was subtle seizure. Advanced resuscitation manoeuvre was required for 46.8% cases whereas mechanical ventilation was required in 11.88%. The most common aetiology was birth asphyxia (46.15%), and the cranial ultrasound showed Hypoxic Ishchaemic Encephalopathy (HIE) changes in 30.77% of cases. Multiple logistic regressions revealed only four factors, namely, preterm delivery (OR 5.82), need for extensive resuscitation manoeuvre (OR 6.21), presence of status epilepticus (OR 3.49) and abnormal cranial ultrasound (OR 1.02) to be the independent risk factors for unfavourable outcome. Conclusion: Clinical diagnosis of neonatal seizure could be useful in resource poor centers, where video-Electroencephalogram (EEG) is not available. Premature delivery, need for extensive resuscitation, presence of status epilepticus and abnormal cranial ultrasound were associated with poor short-term outcome.
A Study on Incidence, Pattern of Clinical Features, Laboratory Abnormalities and Outcome of Neonatal Polycythaemia in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Odisha, India
Authors: Panda Swarupa , Das Simanta , Behera Deepak , Meghna Sanaga , Mahapatra Suchismita , Pradhan Nibedita
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Neonatal polycythaemia is a commonly encountered morbidity and mortality among neonates admitted to neonatal care units and sick newborn care units. Most affected infants have no clinical symptoms and signs, but neonates may present with lethargy, poor feeding, plethora, cyanosis and jaundice within 12-72 hrs. Aim: To find out the incidence and clinical manifestations of neonatal polycythaemia along with detection of disease by laboratory abnormalities. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based, prospective, observational study conducted in the Neonatal Care Unit of Sriram Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Eastern Odisha, India, in 1760 neonates, from October 2018 to September 2020. All neonates admitted through Outdoor and Emergency were included in this study irrespective of gestation, birth weight, maturity and mode of delivery with haematocrit >65% at 12 hours of life. These polycythaemic babies were further categorised on the basis of maturity, gestational age, birth weight, gender and the clinical features, laboratory abnormalities were noted, Partial Exchange Transfusion (PET) when required was done through central route, the umbilical venous catheter was used for withdrawing blood while same amount of normal saline was replaced through a peripheral vein, and in asymptomatic cases additional fluid of 20 mL/kg was added to the daily fluid requirements either through enteral or parenteral route and outcomes were noted. Short-term outcome at 48 hours was measured by decreasing haematocrit with improvement of signs and symptoms. Chi-square test was employed to analyse the collected data using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20.0. The p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 1760 newborns enrolled, (n=75) were polycythaemic. The Incidence of polycythaemia was 4.26%), which was significantly higher among Small for Gestational Age (SGA) compared to Large for Gestational Age (LGA) neonates (p-value=0.0214). Clinical features in decreasing order were lethargy (66.6%), poor feeding (66.6%), Plethora (53.3%), cyanosis (40%) and jaundice (33.3%). Main laboratory abnormalities were hypoglycaemia (36%), hyperbilirubinaemia (28%), thrombocytopenia (22.66%) and hypocalcaemia (13.3%). Out of 75 polycythemic neonates, n=17 (22.67%) underwent PET and rest 58 (77.33%) neonates were treated with extra fluid of 20 mL/kg/day. Conclusion: Study showed that lethargy and poor feeding were the main presentation and hypoglycaemia as the major laboratory abnormality. The incidence of polycythaemia was high among SGA neonates and the response to partial exchange transfusion as well as extra fluid was good which was characterised by decreasing haematocrit values with improvement of signs and symptoms.
Correlation of Serum Zinc Level with Hyperbilirubinemia in NeonatesA Case-Control Study
Authors: . Deeptha , . Ramlingareddy , . Jayashree , Avabratha K Shreedhara , Malathi M
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Neonatal jaundice is the common cause of hospitalisation in the first month of life. Factors that affect the severity of neonatal jaundice includes maternal, pre-natal, and neonatal factors as well as environmental factors. Zinc (Zn) is one of the factors that affect the severity of neonatal jaundice as it prevents the lipid depolarization of the cell membranes. Hypozincemia may alter the erythrocyte membrane resulting in deficient synthesis of enzymes which play a key role in bilirubin metabolism. Aim: To correlate the serum Zinc level with bilirubin level in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia and also to compare with healthy controls. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was done in Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory of Father Muller Medical College and Hospital, Mangalore, Karnataka, India, from April 2018 to June 2018. Total 60 subjects were included in the study, which was divided into two groups: Neonates with clinically diagnosed hyperbilirubinemia (Group I) and normal healthy neonates as controls (Group II). Serum levels of zinc, total bilirubin, conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin were compared among groups. Correlation among the biochemical parameters was analysed by Karl Pearson’s Correlation Analysis. Results: In present study, 30 subjects were males and 30 females with mean age of 4.90±1.06 days among Group I and 2.50±1.61 days among Group II. This study observed significantly decreased mean levels of serum Zinc (171.24±19.82 μg/dL) in Group I patients when compared to mean levels of serum Zinc (189.23±17.90 μg/ dL) in Group II controls. There was statistically significant positive correlation among serum levels of Zinc and total bilirubin in Group I patients (p<0.05) when compared to Group II. Conclusion: There was statistically significant positive correlation was found among serum levels of Zinc and total bilirubin in cases when compared to healthy controls. Current results showed, zinc may have a protective effect in the incidence of neonatal jaundice.
Overcoming the Inflation Theory: The Battle for Economic Stability
Authors: Angelov Ivaylo
Published: March 2023

This paper examines the challenge of inflation, which is a persistent issue affecting economies globally. To maintain economic stability and promote growth, it is crucial to combat inflation. Specifically, the paper reviews the monetary, fiscal, and supply-side policy options that the US has used in its fight against inflation, assessing their effectiveness based on both historical experience and international comparisons. The paper argues that a coordinated and multi-pronged approach that combines monetary, fiscal, and supply-side policies is likely to be more effective in overcoming inflation than a single-policy approach.
Experiential Learning Style Models on Implementation of Pre-Primary School Social Studies Curriculum: Systematic Review of Related Literature
Authors: Ganira Khavugwi Lilian , Odundo Paul Amollo
Published: March 2023

Experiential learning model (ELM) is characterized as a four-stage cyclical process of concrete experiences, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation for driving learning into practice. The four-stage cycle of ELM creates an immediate experience providing opportunities for learners to develop knowledge, skills, and values from direct experience as the foundation for observations and reflections. The observations and reflections are assimilated and refined into abstract concepts producing new implications for actions which when tested effectively, create new experiences for learners from formative years through their lifetime. Through experiential learning, a variety of concepts integrates from extremely theoretical ones to the simplicity of learning by doing for accelerated learning. Since ELM is a four-stage cycle, the learning styles of each individual are components of the four fundamental learning models. In instances where appropriate learning styles are adopted, concrete experiences with abstract concepts are developed for learners to experience an enthusiasm for continued learning. However, a mismatch between teaching and learning styles may lead to detrimental effects on the acquisition of new knowledge. The purpose of this review was to analyze the available literature on ELM to identify its usefulness, strength, weaknesses, and implications for teaching and learning pre-primary social studies. Data were sourced through primary and secondary sources. Secondary data were sourced from journal articles, research projects, texts, internet searches, and libraries. Experiential learning models are founded on the concept that an individual's experiences play an essential role in learning and appreciation of new knowledge. The review established that experiential learning practices aid in developing learners’ preferred learning styles which in turn strengthen the acquisition of new knowledge by doing, discovering, reflecting, and applying. For effective teaching and learning to take place, the review recommends curriculum developers incorporate the use of experiential learning style models in teaching pre-primary social studies curriculum (SSC).
Assessment of Transient and Spatial Noise Pollution Levels at Selected Junctions in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Rivers State
Authors: Chumu John , Nwaogazie Ify L. , Nwaobakata Chukwuemeka
Published: March 2023

This study focused on assessing of transient and spatial noise levels at selected Port Harcourt Metropolis junctions. Spatial noise measurement and vehicle count were conducted at Eleme and Akpajo junctions. Comparative analyses of noise level and noise pollution level using line graph/t-test and determination of decline rate of noise pollution level using regression analysis were carried out.  Comparative analyses of noise levels at the two study locations using traffic count were also done. The noise pollution level was compared with National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA) and World Health Organization (WHO) noise standards and a safe zone determined at study locations. Maximum and minimum noise recorded were 88.99dB(A) and 50.05dB(A) at Eleme junction, 87.51dB(A) and 49.02dB(A) at Akpajo junction. Findings showed that the noise pollution level was relatively higher than noise level with distance away from the junctions; however, there was no significant difference between noise level and noise pollution level. Maximum noise pollution level average decline rate of -0.3691dB was observed at Eleme junction in the morning, while the minimum noise pollution level average decline rate of -0.2656dB was observed at Akpajo junction, in the morning hours. External sources also contributed to noise level at the junctions. Those living or doing business within 100m and 120m of Akpajo and Eleme junctions, respectively are at risk of having noise-induced auditory, physiological and behavioral problems. There is need for continuous monitoring of noise level at study locations. Regular health assessment of people living within the study locations. Noise control regulations should be made and enforced by the Government.
Progress in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Kawasaki Disease and Other Multi-system Inflammatory Syndromes by Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Zhong Hongping , Lv Xin , Sun Xiaoya , Jiao Wenyan
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To explore the role of artificial intelligence in distinguishing Kawasaki disease from other multi-system inflammatory syndromes.

Methods: We refer to the existing relevant articles at home and abroad for analysis.

Results: The clinical application of artificial intelligence has played a time-saving and labour-saving role in the differentiation of Kawasaki disease and other multi-system inflammatory syndromes, suggesting that the application of big data in clinical practice can bring new development opportunities for medical treatment.

Conclusion: Kawasaki disease and other multi-system inflammatory syndromes are similar and overlapping in clinical practice, which is difficult to distinguish and easy to misdiagnose and miss diagnose. Artificial intelligence is applied to analyze the above disease data, to achieve the effect of accurate differentiation, timely diagnosis, symptomatic treatment and reduction of complications.
Isolation and Identification of Microorganisms from Makeup Brushes in Rivers State University Nigeria and Its Environs
Authors: Agi V. N. , Ollor O. A. , Azike C. A. , Onwuasoanya C. V.
Published: March 2023

Components of makeups and cosmetic supply may serve as source and medium for the growth of microorganisms. A vast majority of females nowadays apply makeups in order to enhance their facial looks. Repetitive use and sharing of the makeup brushes by different customers may become a potential pathway for microbial pathogens spread. The major goal of this study was to isolate and identify microbial contaminants of makeup brushes from students within Rivers State University and its environs. And also determine the antimicrobial sensitivity of the isolated microorganisms to different antimicrobial agents. Eighty (80) samples of makeup brushes were collected from different hostels, personal houses, and beauty salons and were cultured by inoculating them into different culture media as Nutrient, Blood and Sabouraud Dextrose agar to isolate bacteria and fungi respectively. The identification of isolated bacteria was confirmed by using pure culture of the isolates, Gram stain, and biochemical tests which were catalase, coagulase, and others including germ tube tests. The sensitivity test of the isolated bacteria to different antibiotics was carried out using the Optodisc diffusion method. The microorganisms isolated and identified were Staphylococcus epidermidis (55%), Staphylococcus aureus (22.5%), and Candida albicans (22.5%). The isolated bacteria were susceptible to Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin and Gentamycin. The findings of this study have shown that both Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus were isolated as bacteria, while Candida albicans as fungi from makeup brushes. Staphylococcus epidermidis are considered as normal skin flora whereas, Staphylococcus aureus could be pathogenic and present as source of infecting bacteria. It could be concluded that it is possible to isolate bacteria and fungi that may be pathogenic from makeup brushes, that may act as source of infecting pathogens therefore increases the risk of infection and public health concern.
Finite Element Analysis and Optimization of Medium Truck Frame Based on ANSYS
Authors: Yinghao Jing
Published: March 2023

Frame is one of the most important parts of a car chassis. As the most basic part of a car, the research of frame plays a very important role in the safety of the vehicle. The research content of this topic is the statics and dynamics of a certain type of truck are analyzed, and CATIA is used for modeling. By building a model of the frame and analyzing it under two working conditions with ANSYS, the stress change diagram of the frame under two different working conditions is obtained. The first 10 free modes of the frame are calculated by modal analysis. The frequency and vibration pattern of the frame in each mode are obtained, and then the possibility of the cab forming resonance with the road surface is analyzed on this basis. On this basis, the size of the frame is optimized, and the easy fracture area is strengthened, and a feasible optimization scheme is proposed.
Inflation and Employment: Exploring the Dynamic Relationship in the Labor Markets
Authors: Angelov Ivaylo
Published: March 2023

This paper examines the relationship between inflation and employment in labor markets. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of inflation on employment and explore how inflation affects different sectors of the labor market. The research uses empirical data to assess the relationship between these two economic indicators. Inflation can have both positive and negative effects on employment, depending on various factors, such as the level of inflation, the sector of the labor market, and the type of employment.
DAMPAK SERVICE LEARNING PEMURNIAN AIR PAYAU DENGAN PEMANFAATAN MATERIAL LOKAL YANG BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Hermawan Surya , Harjanti Dhyah , Soedharta Mario , Vincent Robert , Adiguna Billy , Alexander Singgie , Sugiarto Hensond Nathanael
Published: March 2023

Saat ini semakin banyak institusi pendidikan yang menyadari pentingnya kegiatan Service Learning (SL). Ini terbukti dari banyak Universitas yang melaksanakan kegiatan tersebut. Latar belakang kegiatan SL adalah masih banyak ketimpangan yang terjadi di masyarakat, baik masyarakat pedesaan terhadap perkotaan maupun antar masyarakat dalam kota itu sendiri. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan ini dilakukan di Dusun Tegalsari Jabon Sidoarjo yang mengalami krisis air bersih berupa air payau. Dimana sejak puluhan tahun yang lalu, masyarakat hingga saat ini masih belum dapat memenuhi kebutahan air bersih mereka, dikarenakan air yang dimanfaatkan adalah air payau yang mereka beli sekitar Rp. 150.000 – Rp. 250.000 per kepala keluarga setiap bulannya. Kegiatan ini merupakah lanjutan kegiatan dari 2 penelitian yang telah dilakukan sejak tahun tahun 2017 dengan tema banjir Rob dan pemurnian air payau dengan pemanfatan material lokal yang berkelanjutan. Adapun tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat melalui pemberdayaan air bersih. Metode yang digunakan diawali dengan survei dalam pra pelaksanaan, dilanjutkan dengan pelaksanaan kegiatan pembuatan dan pemasangan alat pemurni air payau dengan material lokal (ALPAMAL), dan diakhiri dengan wawancara oleh Mahasiswa yang merupakan paska pelaksanaan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini berdampak langsung dan bermanfaat untuk mengubah air payau menjadi air bersih yang siap digunakan masyarakat. Hasil lain dari kegiatan ini adalah sebanyak hampir seluruh (93.5%) mahasiswa merasa terbantu dalam dunia perkuliahan mereka dan seluruh warga (100%) warga Desa Kupang merasa sangat puas dengan diadakannya kegiatan ini.
PENGENALAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI PADA SISWA SMK IMMANUEL 2
Authors: Sebastian Sebastian , Cahyadi Alex , Hanoky Alip , Tan Petrus Sentoso , Wahyudi Raymond
Published: March 2023

Transformasi digital telah merubah seluruh aspek kehidupan masyarakat terutama di bidang pendidikan. Penggunaan teknologi informasi menjadi faktor penting dalam transformasi digital tersebut. Situasi pandemi covid-19 mendorong setiap sekolah untuk menggunakan teknologi informasi untuk menjadi media pembelajaran antara pendidik dan peserta didik namun terjadi hambatan dalam proses pembelajaran PJJ tersebut karena diperlukan keter­libatan aktif dan mandiri dari para peserta didik selama kegiatan belajar tersebut. Permasalahan yang dihadapi siswa-siswi SMK Kristen Immanuel 2 berkaitan dengan rendahnya kemampuan dalam menggunakan teknologi dan media digital untuk mendukung proses pembelajaran sehingga para peserta didik tidak dapat memperoleh proses pembelajaran yang cukup dan merata. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, para dosen dari Institusi Teknologi dan Bisnis Sabda Setia Pontianak bermitra dengan SMK Kristen Immanuel 2 mengadakan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang bertujuan untuk memberikan pengenalan pada teknologi informasi yang dapat membantu proses pembelajaran. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat tersebut diikuti oleh siswa dan siswi SMK dengan topik penggunaan aplikasi microsoft excel untuk analisis bisnis dan aplikasi Figma untuk desain situs web. Para pengajar melakukan interaksi secara aktif dengan para peserta selama kegiatan tersebut menggunakan metode pembelajaran berbasis kasus. Hasil evaluasi dari seluruh pertemuan menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan tersebut telah memenuhi tujuan yang ingin dicapai untuk memberikan pengenalan dalam menggunakan teknologi informasi supaya proses pembelajaran dapat berjalan dengan baik.
PEMBERDAYAAN LANSIA PRODUKTIF DAN SEHAT MELALUI INTERVENSI PSIKOLOGI POSITIF KELURAHAN TAMAN, KECAMATAN TAMAN, KOTA MADIUN
Authors: Purusadu Taranggono Ki , Alsandi Prahanasti , Saputra Risky Bayu , Saguruwjuw Yustinus , Roju Maria Verlinia Tena , Aryono Marcella Mariska
Published: March 2023

Permasalahan lansia seperti kurangnya interaksi sosial, kehilangan tujuan hidup, masalah penerimaan diri akibat ditinggal pasangan, merasa tidak produktif setelah ditinggal pasangan dan masa pensiun, serta minimnya kegiatan dalam aktivitas sehari-hari terjadi pada lansia di Kel. Taman, Kec. Taman, Kota Madiun. Maka dengan permasalahan kesejahteraan psikologis tersebut pelaksana membuat kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis lansia sehingga dapat produktif, dan sehat. Adapun program yang telah kami laksanakan selama 12 pertemuan dengan satu pertemuan sosialisasi, lima kegiatan senam, dan enam kegiatan Intervensi Psikologi Positif (IPP). Kegiatan senam kami lakukan dengan 24 gerakan olah tubuh dan sembilan gerakan senam otak dengan waktu pelaksanaan selama 30 menit. Untuk kegiatan IPP kami menggunakan metode focus group discussion dan pelatihan kebersyukuran dengan total waktu pelaksanaan selama 90 menit. Hasil yang dicapai dari kegiatan ini adalah adanya peningkatan yang positif dari aspek psikologis yaitu adanya peningkatan kesejahteraan psikologis lansia yang diukur dengan menggunakan skala the Ryff scale of psychological well-being yang telah diadaptasi oleh Aryono dan Dani (2019) dengan hasil tujuh subjek mengalami peningkatan, enam subjek tidak mengalami perubahan dan satu subjek mengalami penurunan. Dalam aspek kognitif, peserta dapat berfikir kritis mengenai kondisi sosial dan kondisi psikologis. Pada aspek sosial, dengan adanya kegiatan ini peserta dapat meningkatkan intensitas bersosial yang positif. Serta dalam aspek fisiologis, melalui hasil wawancara evaluasi kegiatan peserta merasa bahwa tubuhnya menjadi segar dan bugar.
Cost-Related Insulin Rationing in US Adults Younger Than 65 Years With Diabetes
Authors: Fang Michael , Selvin Elizabeth
Published: March 2023

This study uses 2021 National Health Interview Survey data to examine the prevalence of insulin rationing among adults younger than 65 years in the US by demographic characteristics.
Assessing the Burden of Suicide Death Associated With Nonoptimum Temperature in a Changing Climate
Authors: Zhou Yuchang , Gao Ya , Yin Peng , He Cheng , Liu Wei , Kan Haidong , Zhou Maigeng , Chen Renjie
Published: March 2023

Importance

Few studies have projected future suicide burden associated with daily temperatures in a warming climate.

Objectives

To assess the burden of suicide death associated with daily nonoptimal temperature and to project the change of suicide burden associated with nonoptimal temperature in different regions and seasons under various climate change scenarios.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2019, we conducted a time-stratified, case-control study among more than 430 000 individual suicide decedents from all counties in mainland China.

Exposures

Daily meteorological data were obtained from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis Fifth Generation (ERA5) reanalysis product. Historical and future temperature series were projected under 3 scenarios of greenhouse-gas emissions from 1980 to 2099, with 10 general circulation models.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The relative risk (RR) and burden of suicide death associated with nonoptimal temperature (ie, temperatures greater than or less than minimum-mortality temperature); the change of suicide burden associated with future climate warming in different regions and seasons under various climate change scenarios.

Results

Of 432 008 individuals (mean [SD] age; 57.6 [19.0] years; 253 093 male [58.6%]) who died by suicide, 85.8% (370 577) had a middle school education or less. The temperature-suicide associations were approximately linear, with increasing death risks at higher temperatures. The excess risk was more prominent among older adults (ie, ≥75 years; RR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.46-1.99) and those with low education level (ie, middle school education or less; RR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.36-1.57). There were 15.2% suicide deaths (95% estimated CI [eCI], 14.6%-15.6%) associated with nonoptimal temperature nationally. Consistent and drastic increases in excess suicide deaths over this century were predicted under the high-emission scenario, whereas a leveling-off trend after the mid–21st century was predicted under the medium- and low-emission scenarios. Nationally, compared with the historical period (1980-2009), excess suicide deaths were predicted to increase by 8.3% to 11.4% in the 2050s and 8.5% to 21.7% in the 2090s under the 3 scenarios. The projected percentage increments of excess suicide deaths were predicted to be greater in the South (55.0%; 95% eCI, 30.5%-85.6%) and in winter (54.5%; 95% eCI, 30.4%-77.0%) in the 2090s under the high-emission scenario.

Conclusions and Relevance

Findings of this nationwide case-control study suggest that higher temperature may be associated with the risk and burden of suicide death in China. These findings highlight the importance of implementing effective climate policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and tailoring public health policies to adapt to global warming.
Sometimes the Pipeline Starts at Home
Authors: Butler Paris D.
Published: March 2023

This Viewpoint addresses the lack of racial representation in the surgical profession and suggests a way to build an inclusive, excellent physician workforce.
Hybrid forecasting of geopolitical events†
Authors: Benjamin Daniel M. , Morstatter Fred , Abbas Ali E. , Abeliuk Andres , Atanasov Pavel , Bennett Stephen , Beger Andreas , Birari Saurabh , Budescu David V. , Catasta Michele , Ferrara Emilio , Haravitch Lucas , Himmelstein Mark , Hossain KSM Tozammel , Huang Yuzhong , Jin Woojeong , Joseph Regina , Leskovec Jure , Matsui Akira , Mirtaheri Mehrnoosh , Ren Xiang , Satyukov Gleb , Sethi Rajiv , Singh Amandeep , Sosic Rok , Steyvers Mark , Szekely Pedro A , Ward Michael D. , Galstyan Aram
Published: March 2023

Sound decision‐making relies on accurate prediction for tangible outcomes ranging from military conflict to disease outbreaks. To improve crowdsourced forecasting accuracy, we developed SAGE, a hybrid forecasting system that combines human and machine generated forecasts. The system provides a platform where users can interact with machine models and thus anchor their judgments on an objective benchmark. The system also aggregates human and machine forecasts weighting both for propinquity and based on assessed skill while adjusting for overconfidence. We present results from the Hybrid Forecasting Competition (HFC)—larger than comparable forecasting tournaments—including 1085 users forecasting 398 real‐world forecasting problems over 8 months. Our main result is that the hybrid system generated more accurate forecasts compared to a human‐only baseline, which had no machine generated predictions. We found that skilled forecasters who had access to machine‐generated forecasts outperformed those who only viewed historical data. We also demonstrated the inclusion of machine‐generated forecasts in our aggregation algorithms improved performance, both in terms of accuracy and scalability. This suggests that hybrid forecasting systems, which potentially require fewer human resources, can be a viable approach for maintaining a competitive level of accuracy over a larger number of forecasting questions.
VEGFA Promotes Skeletal Muscle Regeneration in Aging
Authors: Endo Yori , Hwang Charles D. , Zhang Yuteng , Olumi Shayan , Koh Daniel J. , Zhu Christina , Neppl Ronald L. , Agarwal Shailesh , Sinha Indranil
Published: March 2023

Aging is associated with loss of skeletal muscle regeneration. Differentially regulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)A with aging may partially underlies this loss of regenerative capacity. To assess the role of VEGFA in muscle regeneration, young (12–14 weeks old) and old C57BL/6 mice (24,25 months old) are subjected to cryoinjury in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle to induce muscle regeneration. The average cross‐sectional area (CSA) of regenerating myofibers is 33% smaller in old as compared to young (p < 0.01) mice, which correlates with a two‐fold loss of muscle VEGFA protein levels (p = 0.02). The capillary density in the TA is similar between the two groups. Young VEGFlo mice, with a 50% decrease in systemic VEGFA activity, exhibit a two‐fold reduction in the average regenerating fiber CSA following cryoinjury (p < 0.01) in comparison to littermate controls. ML228, a hypoxia signaling activator known to increase VEGFA levels, augments muscle VEGFA levels and increases average CSA of regenerating fibers in both old mice (25% increase, p < 0.01) and VEGFlo (20% increase, p < 0.01) mice, but not in young or littermate controls. These results suggest that VEGFA may be a therapeutic target in age‐related muscle loss.
Synergic Combination of Strength and Ductility through Both Grain Refinement and Precipitation in Al0.3CoCrNi Medium‐Entropy Alloy
Authors: Lee Jae Heung , Kwon Hyeonseok , Sathiyamoorthi Praveen , Son Sujung , Kim Hyoung Seop
Published: March 2023

To improve the tensile properties of Al0.3CoCrNi (at%), herein, medium‐entropy alloys at room temperature, high‐pressure torsion (HPT), and appropriate annealing are presented. Severe deformation due to HPT causes fine grains and evenly distributed B2 and σ precipitates with a nanometer scale through an annealing procedure. A synergic combination of yield strength over 1.0 GPa and uniform elongation over 25% is obtained due to the simultaneous utilization of both grain refinement and precipitation strengthening.
Research on the Planar Electrical Anisotropy of Conductive Woven Fabrics
Authors: Tokarska Magdalena , Miśkiewicz Pamela , Pawlak Wojciech
Published: March 2023

The main aim of the research is to determine electrical anisotropy of woven fabrics to describe the multidirectional dependence of the electrical resistance of woven fabrics. The van der Pauw electrodes configuration is used to determine the electrical resistance. Scanning electron microscope–energy‐dispersion X‐ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS) analysis is carried out to identify the real amount of conductive elements on a fabric surface as a result of yarns or fabric metallization and to explain the electrical conductivity of the textile materials. The planar electrical anisotropy of electroconductive woven fabrics is observed. The maximum and minimum values of resistances of woven fabric are connected with the weft/warp of which direction coincides with the direction of the longitudinal and transversal axes in the sample plane. SEM–EDS analysis confirms that the electrical conductivity of fabrics depends on the samples elemental composition and the amount of metals deposited on yarns or woven fabrics. It is observed that the sample metallization with thick coating gives a better solution than weaving textiles from coated yarns from the point of view of electrical properties.
Fast Kinetic Carbon Anode Inherited and Developed from Architectural Designed Porous Aromatic Framework for Flexible Lithium Ion Micro Capacitors
Authors: Li Xing , Sun Mengxiao , Xu Chunyi , Zhang Xin , Wang Gongkai , Tian Yuyang , Zhu Guangshan
Published: March 2023

Lithium ion micro capacitors (LIMCs) demonstrate competitive advantages of simultaneously high energy/power densities and long cycle life over many other micro supercapacitors and micro batteries. However, these performances are significantly determined by the carbon anode with fast Li+ storage kinetics. Herein, a design strategy at the precursor side of a typical porous aromatic framework‐5 (PAF‐5) from the carbon bonding levels is proposed, and coupling with the post pyrolysis, the sp2/sp3 domains ratio, interlayer spacing, and pore structure of derived carbons can be synergistically balanced. The inherited sp2 domains and porous structure from PAF‐5 endow the derived carbon with high electron transport capability and fast Li+ adsorption capacity. Meanwhile, the developed sp3 domains and enlarged interlayer spacing also enable abundant and fast Li+ intercalation contribution, giving rise to a superior rate capability (141.9 mAh g−1 at 4 A g−1) that is 13 times better than a commercial graphite anode. A flexible LIMCs based on this carbon anode are fabricated, and simultaneously high energy/power densities (71.1 mWh cm−3/1.9 W cm−3), long cycle life (94.7% after 6,000 cycles), and flexibility are achieved, demonstrating a great feasibility of designed PAFs as the trimmed carbon anode precursors for high performance Li+ storage.
Photomultiplication‐Type Organic Photodetectors with High EQE‐Bandwidth Product by Introducing a Perovskite Quantum Dot Interlayer
Authors: Jeong Minyoung , Han Se Gyo , Sung Woong , Kim Seunghyun , Min Jiwoo , Kim Mi Kyong , Choi Wookjin , Lee Hansol , Lee Dongki , Kim Min , Cho Kilwon
Published: March 2023

A photomultiplication (PM)‐type organic photodetector (OPD) that exploits the ionic motion in CsPbI3 perovskite quantum dots (QDs) is demonstrated. The device uses a QD monolayer as a PM‐inducing interlayer and a donor–acceptor bulk heterojunction (BHJ) layer as a photoactive layer. When the device is illuminated, negative ions in the CsPbI3 QD migrate and accumulate near the interface between the QDs and the electrode; these processes induce hole injection from the electrode and yield the PM phenomenon with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) >2000% at a 3 V applied bias. It is confirmed that the ionic motion of the CsPbI3 QDs can induce a shift in the work function of the QD/electrode interface and that the dynamics of ionic motion determines the response speed of the device. The PM OPD showed a large EQE‐bandwidth product >106 Hz with a −3 dB frequency of 125 kHz at 3 V, which is one of the highest response speeds reported for a PM OPD. The PM‐inducing strategy that exploits ionic motion of the interlayer is a potential approach to achieving high‐efficiency PM OPDs.
Nanoconfined Expansion Behavior of Hollow MnS@Carbon Anode with Extended Lithiation Cyclic Stability
Authors: Ma Zhipeng , Song Ailing , Liu Zhan , Guo Yaqian , Yang Xin , Li Qing , Fan Yuqian , Dai Lei , Tian Hao , Qin Xiujuan , Liu Hao , Shao Guangjie , Wang Guoxiu
Published: March 2023

The construction of hollow nanostructure by compositing with carbonaceous materials is generally considered an effective strategy to mitigate the drastic volume expansion of transition metal sulfides (TMSs) with high theoretical specific capacity in the process of lithium storage. However, designing well‐controlled architectures with extended lithiation cyclic stability, and ease the expansion of the electroactive materials into the reserved hollow spaces still needs to be developed. Herein, using MnS as an example, the hollow double‐shell carbon‐coated TMSs architecture is designed to achieve the controllable operation of shell thickness to regulate interfacial stress. The functional architecture enables the high‐capacity MnS to reach reversible capacities and extended lithiation cycling stability at high current densities. In situ transmission electron microscopy, optical observation characterizations and finite elements are used to analyze the nanoconfined expansion behavior of hollow MnS@C anodes. The as‐designed hollow structure with a carbon shell thickness ≈12.5 nm can effectively restrict the drastic expansion of MnS nanoshell into inner voids with compressive stress. This study demonstrates a general strategy to design functional carbon coating metal sulfides with tailored interfacial stress.
Plant‐Derived Biomaterials and Their Potential in Cardiac Tissue Repair
Authors: Dai Yichen , Qiao Kai , Li Demin , Isingizwe Phocas , Liu Haohao , Liu Yu , Lim Khoon , Woodfield Tim , Liu Guozhen , Hu Jinming , Yuan Jie , Tang Junnan , Cui Xiaolin
Published: March 2023

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide. The inability of cardiac tissue to regenerate after an infarction results in scar tissue formation, leading to cardiac dysfunction. Therefore, cardiac repair has always been a popular research topic. Recent advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine offer promising solutions combining stem cells and biomaterials to construct tissue substitutes that could have functions similar to healthy cardiac tissue. Among these biomaterials, plant‐derived biomaterials show great promise in supporting cell growth due to their inherent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical stability. More importantly, plant‐derived materials have reduced immunogenic properties compared to popular animal‐derived materials (e.g., collagen and gelatin). In addition, they also offer improved wettability compared to synthetic materials. To date, limited literature is available to systemically summarize the progression of plant‐derived biomaterials in cardiac tissue repair. Herein, this paper highlights the most common plant‐derived biomaterials from both land and marine plants. The beneficial properties of these materials for tissue repair are further discussed. More importantly, the applications of plant‐derived biomaterials in cardiac tissue engineering, including tissue‐engineered scaffolds, bioink in 3D biofabrication, delivery vehicles, and bioactive molecules, are also summarized using the latest preclinical and clinical examples.