bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus carriage and comorbidity in patients with chronic kidney disease V D stage: a 3-year prospective study
Authors: Shifris I.
Published: May 2020

Asymptomatic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal colonization is a confirmed factor that affects the frequency of comorbid bacterial infections and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

The aim was to study the frequency of comorbid conditions and their dynamics in ESRD patients depending on their MRSA status.

Methods. To prospective cohort study included 265 ESRD patients, 204 of whom were treated by hemodialysis (HD) and 61 by peritoneal dialysis (PD). All recorded comorbidities, their frequency and the dynamics of change, polymorbidity indices, were analyzed depending on whom had MRSA nasal colonization (group 1, n = 92) and without it (group 2, n= 173). The most common cause of ESRD was glomerulonephritis - 161 patients (60.75%). The groups were representative according to gender, age, type of kidney injury and modality of renal replacement therapy (RRT).

Results. According to the results of a 3-year study investigation, the patients with MRSA carriage had a statistically significant higher level of comorbid conditions frequencies compared to the patients who had opportunistic pathogenic bacteria carriage, namely: prevalence of coronary artery disease (55.4% vs 30.1%, р=0.0001), heart failure (44.6% vs 25.4%, р=0.0015), secondary hyperparathyroidism (61.9% vs 45.1%, р=0,009), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (31.5% vs 17.3%, р=0.0082), peripheral vascular disease (39.15 vs 17.9%, р=0.0001).

The increase in the modified polymorphism index in patients of Group 1 and Group 2 during the observation period, was 30 % and 5% respectively.

One hundred thirty three hospitalization cases were detected during follow-up period: among patients from Group 1- 66 (71.34%) cases, Group 2 - 67 (38.73%); χ² = 26.180, р < 0.0001; RR – 1.8524, 95% ДІ: 1.4760 – 2.3247.

Conclusions. Asymptomatic MRSA nasal colonization is a factor that can increase the incidence of coexisting diseases as well as the total number of comorbid conditions in dialysis patients.
Guideline updates for definition, diagnosis and management of hepatorenal syndrome
Authors: Kolesnyk M.
Published: May 2020

Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a unique form of acute kidney injury (AKI) developing in patients with end‐stage liver disease. AKI is a frequent complication in advanced cirrhosis patients which is associated with increased hospital admissions and decreased survival. The definition of AKI in cirrhosis has been recently modified and the new diagnostic criteria are based on small changes in serum creatinine with respect to previous values, occurring within a short period of time.

Systemic circulatory dysfunction and marked kidney vasoconstriction play a key role in the development of HRS. The modification of the AKI definition has also led to a change in the diagnostic criteria of HRS. The new diagnostic criteria are based on AKI stages and there is no need to reach a specific serum creatinine threshold. The use of the new HRS definition may lead to an earlier identification of renal impairment and better prognostic stratification. According to these new criteria, treatment with vasoconstrictors and albumin for the management of HRS will be started at lower serum creatinine values, with expected higher response rates. There are consistent data showing that some urine biomarkers, particularly NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin), may be useful in daily clinical practice for the differential diagnosis of the cause of AKI in cirrhosis. Various HRS treatment regimens are available worldwide and all are designed to increase the mean arterial pressure by increasing the central blood volume and decreasing splanchnic vasodilation, and to serve as bridge to liver transplantation.
PROBLEMS OF QUALIFICATION OF THE OBLIGATION FOR CARRIAGE OF BAGGAGE FOR AIR TRAVEL
Authors: Vygodianskii Aleksei Valerevich
Published: May 2020

A passenger has a special relationship with an air carrier when they hand over their baggage for transportation. Shipping Luggage is usually accompanied by passenger shipping, which is closely connected to her, but at the same time is regulated in a special way.
This article analyzes the current legal norms governing the delivery of baggage in the implementation of passenger air transportation.
The author justifies the position that the obligation to transport the baggage handed over by the passenger cannot be qualified as an independent contract for the carriage of baggage, as some authors suggest.
According to the author, this obligation should be recognized as an additional optional obligation of the carrier under the contract of air carriage of the passenger.
Editorial
Authors: Travaglino Giovanni A. , Abrams Benjamin
Published: May 2020

Contention has now reached its eighth volume and fifteenth issue, and we have been delighted to see the journal move from attainment to attainment over the past eight years. Contention has developed a reputation for publishing high-quality research, articles, and analyses in the fields of social protest, collective action, and contentious politics, soliciting contributions from world-leading scholars and early career academics alike. Its articles are strongly interdisciplinary and global in nature, with the journal offering a platform for research that crosses old-fashioned national and theoretical boundaries. We were delighted to see such merits recognized by the recent inclusion of Contention in the SCOPUS database. Together with the European Reference Index for the Humanities and Social Sciences, where the journal is already indexed, the inclusion of Contention in SCOPUS will bring further visibility to the scholarly work we publish, facilitating its diffusion by providing an even stronger opportunity to contribute to international scholarly dialogue.
Asymmetries of Spatial Contestations
Authors: Sydiq Tareq
Published: May 2020

Based on fieldwork carried out from 2017 and 2018, this article examines various attempts to both organize publicly and disrupt such attempts during the Iranian protests during that time. It argues that interference with spatial realities influenced the social coalitions built during the protests, impacting the capacity of actors to build such coalitions. The post-2009 adaptation of the state inhibited cross-class coalitions despite being challenged, while actors used spatial phrasing indicating they perceived spatial divisions to emulate political ones. Meanwhile, in the immediate aftermath of the December 2017 protests, further attempts to control protest actions impacted not only those who would be able to participate in such events in the future, but also those who felt represented by them and who would be likely to sympathize with them. Based on the spatial conditions under which coalitions form, I argue that asymmetrical contestations of spatiality determined the outcome of the December 2017 protests and may contribute to an understanding of how alliances in Iran will form in the future.
Temporal crescent syndrome caused by a lateral ventricular glioependymal cyst: case report
Authors: Yamaguchi Izumi , Pooh Kyong-Hon , Azumi Mai , Takagi Yasushi
Published: May 2020

Temporal crescent syndrome is a monocular visual field defect involving the temporal crescent of one eye caused by a retrochiasmal lesion. The most anterior portion of the striate cortex is the only area where the retrochiasmal lesion produces a monocular visual field defect. The authors present the case of a 9-year-old boy who presented with mild headache. MRI revealed a cyst with cerebrospinal fluid signal intensity, occupying the body and trigone of the right lateral ventricle. Conservative treatment with regular clinical and radiological follow-up was chosen because neurological examination findings were normal. Three years later, the patient experienced blurred vision with a temporal crescent defect in the left eye. Endoscopic cyst fenestration was performed, and the pathological findings indicated a glioependymal cyst. After surgery, the monocular temporal crescent disorder was resolved. MRI indicated shrinkage of the cyst and improvement in the narrowing of the anterior calcarine sulcus. These findings suggested that the temporal crescent syndrome was caused by a lateral ventricular glioependymal cyst. This is the first known report of temporal crescent syndrome caused by a lateral ventricular glioependymal cyst. In patients with monocular temporal crescent disorder without intraocular disease, a retrochiasmal lesion in the most anterior portion of the striate cortex should be considered.
The Quality of Official Statistical Information: Approaches and International Practices of Evaluation
Authors: Zaiets S. V.
Published: May 2020

The article describes the role of statistics in the economic and social policy setting, the development of public and private sector, and international relations. It is noted that the results of a global assessment of the domestic statistical system indicate that European standards for the quality of statistical information are used in official statistics bodies. At the same time, it is pointed out that the domestic statistical activities face unresolved problems associated with a significant burden on respondents, poor quality of primary data, etc. The methodological foundations and practical issues of monitoring the statistical potential of national statistical systems through the prism of the quality of statistical information production processes proposed by the Partnership in Statistics for Development in the 21st Century are investigated. There are 14 tools for assessing the statistical potential used in the international statistical practice for measuring and evaluating various aspects of national statistical data, including the performance of statistical institutions and the quality of their results.
A multidimensional statistical potential indicator (SCI) of the World Bank is considered, which diagnostic framework evaluates the statistical methodology, data source, frequency and timeliness of the publication of the indicators reflecting the production of statistical information in a country, which are harmonized with individual global indicators of the SDG. The dynamics of the statistical potential of the national statistical system of Ukraine among 140 developing countries that borrow funds from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development are analyzed. It is shown that the decreasing level of the statistical potential in Ukraine is associated with the following components: data sources, frequency and timeliness.
To enhance the performance and strengthen the institutional capacity of the existing statistical system, it is proposed to take account of the indicators used for the assessment and monitoring of statistical potential in the methodological and practical activities of official statistics bodies. The need to improve quality, accessibility and comparability of the official statistical information is justified, and respective measures are proposed.
Extremology: Behavioral and Quantitative Aspects
Authors: Vasyechko O. O. , Chetverikov O. F.
Published: May 2020

The contemporary era features systematic correlations between creating wealth and the emergence of new and even more intensive risks. Globalization processes, volatile geopolitical conjunctures, global climate change, technological progress, which provoke constant and inevitable change in the environment of our existence, aggravate the condition of uncertainty at each level of the social life, thus increasing the social and psychological tensions. The latter constitute another source of risks manifesting in the emergence of extreme environments or extreme situations, apart from conventional risks of human existence. It raises the need for rethinking of established paradigms in psychology and related or other sciences in which the notion “extreme” is in a way explored, and their revision, in order to form a new scientific synergy for methodological support of preparing the population to behavioral adaptation and situational behavior in extreme environments and situations. This determines high importance of extremology as a new applied and interdisciplinary research filed. Considering the social demand, analysis of scientific sources and own experiences of the authors, extremology can be defined as the system for the protection of populations and active counteractions in the conditions of emerging extreme environments and extreme situations. It is argued that to be effective nowadays, such system should be built on methods developed as part of other fields of knowledge, i. e. risicology and statistics, especially the component of extreme risk control and quantitative assessment. But the latter cannot exclude studies of the possibilities for enhancing cross-disciplinary synergy of extremology through involving other methods and practices.
Using Economic Barometers to Analyze the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the National Economies
Authors: Puhachova М. V.
Published: May 2020

Bearing in mind a number of factors, well-known analytical companies and individual economists have been warning over a long time about the impending recession of the global economy. But the unexpected powerful impact on it from the pandemic can aggravate even the worst projections. Analysts are attempting to predict the economy development at global, regional and country level, in order to grasp and prevent future negative effects of the pandemic in all the spheres of human life.      
Now there exists a variety of qualitative indicators based on information from Business Tendency Survey and Consumer Sentiment Survey. Respectable international and national institutions use these indicators to quickly assess the current economic situation and predict its change for the several forthcoming quarters. These indicators are considered as very sensitive to any kind of events taking place in the economic and social life, because they are capable to provide the earliest signals of future change in the economy.
The article contains a review of the dynamics of changes in the Global Economic Barometers computed and analyzed by well-known analytical institutions, and the barometers’ capacity to reflect the new pandemic’s impact on the global economy. The barometers provide up-to-date information about changes in the economy in the current month, with a strong lead over the official quantitative information.
To estimate the pandemic’s impact on the development of Ukrainian economy, the author proposes to use Economic Sentiment Indicator and Business Confidence Indicators in the industry and the retail trade (for investigating the supply and demand), which are computed by the official statistics on the basis of qualitative information obtained from the surveys. These indicators are harmonized from the analogous European indicators, but issued with the quarter periodicity now. The conclusion is made about the urgent need to adopt the monthly periodicity for these and other barometers, created according to the European methodology, to enable for quick demonstration of the pandemic’s impact on the development of the Ukrainian economy. Also, it is proposed to search for new barometers that would be capable of providing for a more accurate reflection of change in the Ukrainian economy.
Using of Optimization Models in Financial Decision Support Systems
Authors: Kozlov V. V. , Tomashevska T. V. , Kuznetsov N. I.
Published: May 2020

The article discusses the use of optimization models in financial decision support systems (DSS). The architecture of the DSS is considered. It is determined by the nature of the interaction of its main components: the user interface, database and data warehouse, documents and rules, models and analytical tools, communications infrastructure and networks, as well as elements of these parts. The architecture of the DSS for solving problems of financial management is determined by the nature of interaction of its main components.
Conceptual and functional models are presented. The functional model of the DSS reflects the structure of control actions on decision-makers, persons involved in the implementation of corrective actions necessary for effective financial performance. According to the functional model, a block diagram of the DSS is proposed. The block diagram of decision support consists of three main subsystems and provides modular-block construction. The proposed system is characterized by an open architecture and can be easily modified for functional expansion or for connecting and using external databases. The DSS should provide a common operating environment for modeling objects in a dynamically changing economic situation. The operating environment contains basic calculation algorithms, and allows the user to create own algorithms for calculating cash flows and used indicators. Thus, the key element of the integrated decision support system for managing the financial condition of the enterprise is the models laid down in the basis of the system.
The architecture of the DSS based on algorithms is considered. A DSS of this type contains a set of algorithms for solving a selected class of problems. Of the factors that influence the choice of a specific architecture of the DSS in financial management, we can highlight (i) the need for further development of the system, (ii) its adaptation, and (iii) the application of the evolutionary approach to the development of the DSS. The components of the system are: data input component, resource allocation component, strategy selection component, output component. The resource allocation component contains the following sub-components: determination of dependence coefficients, solution of optimization problem, solution of equation. The strategy selection component includes the sub-components for calculating the values of integral design characteristics, for calculating the values of groups of design characteristics, and for the pairwise comparison of strategies.
The information model of the component “The distribution of financial resources of the enterprise” is presented. The DSS performs data processing and checks for critical decision characteristics. The formalized structure of the algorithm for using the proposed models of distribution of financial resources, types of model integration are considered.
Index Analysis of Administrative Offenses in Ukraine in 2014-2018
Authors: Kulynych R. О.
Published: May 2020

An objective assessment of the state and development of socio-economic phenomena and processes can only be ensured by use of properly selected statistical and mathematical methods. These methods cease to be a matter of interest in practical activities where there is no certainty as to how far they can be applied to specific tasks. Given significant advances in technology for the collection and processing of statistics, the proper use of statistical and mathematical methods is significantly hampered by insufficient knowledge of methods, their specifics, applications, and capacities to evaluate information.
The article deals with the methodology of index analysis of statistical information on administrative offenses using data in Ukraine for 2014–2018. It is shown that the analytical system of statistical indices can be used to solve the tasks set out in the article, by the method of statistical groupings using the methods of statistical analysis of structural shifts.
The theoretical and methodological provisions of the index analysis of statistical information on administrative offenses are demonstrated by data on the amount of the fines imposed, the amount of the fine paid voluntarily and the amount of property damage caused. The statistical information on the dynamics of fines and property damages in Ukraine for 2014–2018, as well as information on the fining depending on the performance of the administrative bodies, including by legal ground for the fining, are provided. The hypothesis on the inadequate quality of the administrative records prepared by the respective authorities needs to be further investigated, as the voluntary payments of fines, case-law of the local courts or compensation for material damage tend to be low. Considering the above hypothesis, it is established that an increase in the amount of fines imposed is attributed to the numbers of administrative cases rather than the quality of information used in their preparation.
Aquaculture Development and Nutrition Management of Large Yellow Croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) in China: An Overview
Authors: Thanhhoa Truonghuynh , Baoguo Li , Quanyou Guo
Published: May 2020

Aquaculture production in China has made large contributions to the global total volume of fish for human consumption. The developed mariculture fish species large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) is the highest economic marine fish of China. As a schooling fish, large yellow croaker (LYC) usually migrates from northeast China to the southeast seacoast to over-winter. Indeed, there are several culture systems that can be applied for large yellow croaker, which should simulate the natural habitat for this fish species. The nutrition management of LYC has attracted researchers to study their nutrient requirements, growth, and other physiological characteristics. Here, we review the general biology (geographic distribution and habitat), hatchery development, aquaculture systems, and nutrition management of LYC. The paper aims to underpin the most significant investigations and highlight the future prospects for the LYC aquaculture industry in China.
Intercultural Story-Based Framework in Young Language Learners’ Classrooms: from alternative teaching to alternative assessment
Authors: Effrosyni Bisiri
Published: May 2020

Placing young learners at the center of the teaching attention and learning process is considered to be of high importance in the teachers’ attempt to help them be motivated to participate in the learning activities (Holderness, 1991, p.19). Towards that goal, young learners’ characteristics such as imagination, creativity, curiosity and love for play need to be considered carefully in the language classroom. The aim of this paper is the presentation of a story-based framework for young learners at beginner’s level pre-A1 of the CEFR (2001, p.24) through using intercultural stories. The main aim is to encourage the young learners’ creativity and develop their listening skill through incorporating both metacognitive and cognitive strategies. Listening to stories in class is a shared social experience that provokes a shared response of laughter, sadness, excitement and anticipation which is not only enjoyable but can help build up the child’s confidence and encourage social and emotional development (Ellis and Brewster, 2014, p.7).
Widerstand findet Stadt. Präfigurative Praxis als transnationale Politik ‚rebellischer Städte‘
Authors: Sörensen Paul
Published: May 2020

In der sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung herrscht ein defensives Widerstandsverständnis vor, dem der vorliegende Beitrag ein proaktives, welterschließendes Konzept von Widerständigkeit entgegenstellt. Expliziert wird dies in Form einer Auseinandersetzung mit dem global beobachtbaren Erstarken munizipalistischer Bewegungen, die – aktuelle Transformationstheorien aufgreifend – als ‚munizipalistische Präfiguration‘ gedeutet werden. Diesen Manifestationen proaktiven Widerstands, so wird gezeigt, liegt ein zweifacher transnationaler Charakter zugrunde, der im Bestreben globaler Vernetzung und dem Anspruch auf ‚Transzendierung des Nationalen‘ zu Tage tritt.
Validation of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Based on Item Response Theory
Authors: Wada-Isoe Kenji , Kikuchi Takashi , Umeda-Kameyama Yumi , Mori Takahiro , Akishita Masahiro , Nakamura Yu
Published: May 2020

Background:

The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) is a widely used scale for the assessment of the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). We previously developed a novel dementia scale, the ABC dementia scale, in the TRIAD1412 trial and we compared the BPSD domain scores with the NPI scores. We, therefore, considered that we should investigate the quality of the NPI items using statistical approaches.

Objective:

We investigated the statistical characteristics of the 12 questions or items in the Japanese version of the NPI using the item response theory. This theory is the standard approach for the development of a new assessment scale and we used it to evaluate the quality of the items in the NPI.

Methods:

First, we performed factor analysis with Promax rotation to identify latent constructs in the data from 312 patients obtained in TRIAD1412. Second, following the result of the factor analysis, we divided the 12 items into domains and then investigated the characteristics of the sub-syndromes in each domain using item response category characteristic curves.

Results:

We found three latent constructs or domains: “hyperactivity,” “psychosis and apathy,” and “affect” (Cronbach’s α= 0.68) in the 12 items. Further, the items on euphoria, apathy, and appetite and eating abnormalities did not provide sufficient information to estimate BPSD severity.

Conclusion:

The NPI item characteristics indicate that while the scale can distinguish whether patients have severe BPSD or not, it cannot estimate the degree of severity in a suspected case with a mild or unknown level of BPSD.
MORTALIDADE INFANTIL NO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO: 2000 A 2014
Authors: Lima Ahellen Saarah Rodrigues , Coelho Manuela de Mendonça Figueiredo , Silva Cristiana Ferreira da , Menezes Luciana Catunda Gomes de
Published: May 2020

O estudo analisou a mortalidade infantil na região Nordeste do Brasil no período de 2000 a 2014. Trata-se de um estudo documental, descritivo e de abordagem quantitativa das taxas de mortalidade infantil. Foram utilizados dados do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade e Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos. Através das informações foram calculadas as taxas anuais de mortalidade infantil, de seus componentes (precoce, tardio e pós-neonatal) e a proporção das mortes por grupos de causas evitáveis. No período de 2000 a 2014 foram notificados 255.823 óbitos em menores de um ano no Nordeste, dos quais 168.653 (65,9%) neonatais, 86.745 (33,9%) pós-neonatais e 425 (0,2%) óbitos com faixa etária ignorada. Houve uma redução da mortalidade no período estudado em todos os componentes, entretanto o componente neonatal precoce deteve o maior número de mortes, correspondendo a 79,9% dos óbitos neonatais. A taxa de mortalidade no Nordeste apresenta queda de 45,3% passando de 26,5 por mil nascidos vivos, em 2000, para 14,5 mortes por mil nascidos vivos em 2014. O coeficiente de mortalidade proporcional por grupo de evitabilidade apresentou valores elevados entre as causas evitáveis registrando 70,1% dos óbitos, especialmente por adequada atenção à mulher na gestação, parto e ao recém-nascido (RN). As causas mal-definidas e demais causas (não claramente evitáveis) representaram 10,3% e 19,7%, respectivamente, no período estudado. O Nordeste registrou grandes avanços na redução da mortalidade infantil nos últimos anos, tais mudanças podem estar associadas à intensificação de políticas públicas, programas e ações voltadas à atenção materno-infantil.
Enseñar y aprender en la Universidad
Authors: Redacción Consejo de
Published: May 2020

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对高校急性短暂性精神障碍学生心理危机干预工作的思考
Authors: 管 培雯
Published: May 2020

文章主要从一起高校大学生短暂性精神障碍心理危机干预的成功案例讲起，介绍了短暂性精神障碍的发病特点、常用治疗方法以及危机干预过程，针对危机事件进行深入思考，对今后在高校开展相关工作提出建议。
陈鹤琴“活教育”思想对幼儿园美术教育活动的启示
Authors: 雷 丽丽
Published: May 2020

陈鹤琴“活教育”思想从目的论、课程论、方法论和教师观四个层面，阐述了一种全新的教育理念，它为我们今天走出传统美术教育的困惑，提供了可借鉴的宝贵财富。即教育者要确立回归幼儿生活的科学教育观；美术课程设置应强调幼儿的主体地位；美术教育内容应体现直观性和感性经验。
数学教学中“注重学生体验感悟”的重要性
Authors: 邓 淦月
Published: May 2020

数学是人类文化的重要组成部分，数学素养是现代每一个公民应该具备的基本素养。数学教育既要使学生掌握现代生活和学习中所需要的数学知识与技能，更要发挥数学在培养人的理性思维和创新能力方面的不可替代的作用。所以新课改后的小学数学教学不仅仅是注重学生对数学方法的简单掌握与识记，更注重培养新一代青少年的数学思想方法，也更注重让孩子体验操作感悟的过程。
POLA PERGERAKAN WISATAWAN PADA KAWASAN PARIWISATA PANTAI KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Wasilah  , Andi Hildayanti
Published: May 2020

The city of Makassar has the advantage of a charming beach tourism destination and is an icon of the city located in the Losari Beach Region or known as the CPI Region (Center point of Indonesia). Losari beach area has zoning areas consisting of tourist areas namely Losari Beach Pavilion, Fort Rotterdam, Shopping Center and Ole-ole Somba Opu, and Culinary Tourism Areas that are expected to attract tourists to visit. However, visitor / tourist movements are concentrated only on the Losari Beach Pavilion. Through the cognitive mapping analysis method, this study aims to identify the characteristics of movement patterns of tourists in the Losari Beach tourism area and the factors that influence the pattern of tourist movements. The pattern of tourist movements is obtained from the recapitulation of index cards based on tourist routes. The results of this study are that the tourist movement pattern is dominated by a single point pattern with the tourist destinations of Losari Beach Pavilion and the least movement patterns carried out by tourists is the Chaining Loop pattern which visits four tourist spots namely Losari Beach Pavilion, Culinary Center for street vendors, Makassar, Fort Rotterdam, and Makassar Ole-Ole shopping center, and factors that influence tourist movement patterns are the classification of tourist interest, operational time and classification based on the ease of tourist movements.
Application Of Neo Vernacular Architecture In Tongging Agrotourism Planning
Authors: Lindarto D. , P Joel
Published: May 2020

Tongging is a village in the Lake Toba region that located in the District of Merek, Karo Regency. Tongging Village is famous for its panoramic beauty and the local potential of agriculture and fisheries. With various potentials owned by Tongging Village, a place is needed that can accommodate this potential. Tongging Agrotourism is a place to carry local potential in Tongging Village. Agrotourism is designed to attract more tourists while developing the local potential in Tongging Village. Design with Neo Vernacular Architecture approach to re-apply local cultural elements to optimize their potential. The neo vernacular architectural approach process uses transformation and modifications methods to the physical and non-physical aspects. The architectural aspect adopted as neo vernacular approach is the Karo settlement pattern, circulation, mass, and space program. Tongging Agrotourism has various facilities that support tourism activities at Tongging Village, including rice fields and fish cages, main buildings, cottages, restaurants, processing plants, and research and development areas.
The Design Of Resort Hotel In TukTuk (Neo-Vernacular Architecture)
Authors: Melinda Elvina , Rahman N. Vinky
Published: May 2020

Tuktuk Siadong located on Samosir Island has amazing natural potential and cultural characteristics that make Tuktuk one of the favorite destinations of tourists. To fulfill the growth and needs of tourists in Tuktuk anaccommodation in the form of a Resort Hotel is needed. This design begins with a literature study and is followed by a field survey to produce the data needed ina design concept. These concepts produced a Resort Hotel design themed Neo-Vernacular Architecture that developed the basic principles of Batak Toba architecture and applied them in design. Resort hotels that are designed to be lodging accommodations that have supporting facilities to serve tourists who come.
PEMETAAN SISTEM STRUKTUR KONSTRUKSI RUMAH TRADISIONAL ACEH DALAM MERESPON GEMPA
Authors: Meutia Erna
Published: May 2020

Rumah-rumah tradisional yang tersebar di seluruh Indonesia merupakan kekayaan budaya yang terbentuk berdasarkan pengetahuan yang diturunkan secara turun temurun.  Pengetahuan bangunan yang merespon alam telah menghasilkan bangunan dengan teknologi sederhana.  Teknik membangun Rumah tradisional hanya berdasarkan pengetahuan dan intuisi yang di dapat dari kondisi alam setempat serta pengalaman yang diturunkan secara turun temurun. Sebagaimana kita ketahui rumah-rumah tradisional tersebut tidak pernah direncanakan untuk suatu bangunan yang tahan gempa, Meskipun demikian rumah-rumah tradisional tersebut tetap kokoh berdiri walaupun sering terjadi gempa. Hal ini telah dibuktikan oleh rumah tradisional Aceh yang berada di wilayah gempa kuat. Aceh termasuk dalam kawasan Indonesia, terletak di ujung Utara pulau Sumatera, berada pada wilayah gempa 6 yang merupakan wilayah gempa terkuat. Rumah Tradisional Aceh adalah rumah kayu yang berbentuk panggung, didirikan di atas sejumlah tiang-tiang bulat yang diletakkan di atas pondasi batu.  Setiap bagian-bagian pembentuk Rumah Tradisional Aceh di hubungkan dengan sambungan menerus yang diperkuat dengan pasak atau ’bajo’ dan ikatan tali ijuk.  Masing-masing bagian ini saling mendukung untuk mempertahankan konstruksinya terhadap goncangan gempa yang terjadi.  Oleh karena itu Rumah tradisional Aceh memiliki keunggulan secara struktural dalam merespon gempa.
KEMANFAATAN RUANG UTAMA PADA MASJID AGUNG ISLAMIC CENTER KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE
Authors: Bambang Karsono  , Julaihi Wahid  , Irma Yunita Sari
Published: May 2020

Banyak perancangan ruang pada masjid dihasilkan dari sebuah duplikasi dan peniruan terhadap tipologi ruang dari bangunan masjid lain yang dianggap baik sebagai produk masyarakat muslim. Pendekatan ini terbatasi dengan pengunaan ruang utama berupa ruang di tengah yang paling besar yang dipergunakan untuk sholat dan seringkali mengabaikan nilai dan prinsip dasar Islam yang bersumber dari Al-Qur’an dan Sunnah. Artikel ini berusaha mengungkap kemanfaatan ruang utama pada Masjid Agung Islamic Center (MAIC) di Kota Lhokseumawe dikaitkan dengan ‘menghindari berlebih-lebihan’ yang merupakan salah satu nilai dan prinsip dasar Islam. Pengamatan dilakukan selama 30 hari, paralel dengan eksplorasi nilai dan prinsip Arsitektur Islami yang bersumber dari Al-Qur’an dan Sunnah. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemanfaatan ruang utama pada MAIC rata-rata hanya 3,24% menurut hari dan 3,26% menurut waktu sholat hal ini menunjukkan indikasi kemubaziran. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi diskusi bagi pengembangan ranah perancangan dan pemikiran Arsitektur Islami yang lebih bernilai khususnya di Aceh.
PERGESERAN POLA RUANG PADA RUMAH ADAT KARO SIWALUH JABU
Authors: Farida Ulfa  , Imam Faisal Pane
Published: May 2020

Budaya lokal atau daerah semakin tergeser eksistensinya seiring berkembangnya zaman. Pergeseran budaya ini tidak hanya terjadi di daerah kota saja namun juga di desa. Fakta bahwa masyarakat pribumi terutama generasi muda lebih memilih untuk tinggal di rumah tinggal tembok dengan dinding plesteran batu bata. Hal ini dapat mengakibatkan lama kelamaan rumah adat bergeser eksistensi dan keasliannya. Sumatera Utara memiliki cukup banyak peninggalan warisan yang tersebar diseluruh wilayah kota dan kabupaten, termasuk Kabupaten Karo. Warisan Karo tersebut berasal dari masa prakolonial berupa perkampungan adat yang cukup unik, salah satunya adalah Desa Budaya Lingga. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi rumah adat di Desa Budaya Lingga saat ini dan mengetahui pergeseran pola ruang apa yang telah terjadi pada Rumah Adat Karo, Siwaluh Jabu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan melihat berbagai sumber penelitian kebudayaan rumah adat Karo melalui observasi, wawancara, dan melihat berbagai sumber pustaka. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa pola ruang Rumah Adat Karo terjadi beberapa perubahan. Salah satunya adalah terdapat dinding sekat pembatas antara ruang sebagai pembatas zona publik dengan zona pribadi. Hal ini sangat bertolak belakang dengan ciri khusus Rumah Adat Karo, yaitu rumah tanpa dinding sekat pembatas.
KAJIAN GEOMETRI HUNIAN MASA LAMPAU
Authors: Iwan Muraman Ibnu
Published: May 2020

Hunian masa lampau adalah salah satu produk budaya bangsa Indonesia, Lamban Pesagi merupakan hunian masa lampau yang terletak di Pekon Kenali Kabupaten Lampung. Kajian geometri yang akan dilakukan dengan memakai teori dari Francis D.K. Ching, dengan melakukan analisa olah bangun dasar, proporsi dimensi bangun dan elemen pembentuk wajah (artikulasi) bangun. Hasil kajian menunjukan Lamban Pesagi terdiri dari 3 (tiga) lapis bangun dengan bangun dasar yang dipakai adalah silinder, kubus dan piramid dan teknik olah bangun perubahan dimensi, pengurangan dan penambahan. Proporsi dimensi vertikal dan horisontal di Lamban Pesagi untuk setiap lapisnya berkisar antara 1:2 sampai 1:6, hal ini menunjukan proporsi bangun dari Lamban Pesagi adalah bangun horisontal. Elemen artikulasi sebagai pembentuk wajah menunjukan dominasi elemen vertikal di lapis bawah dan tengah hal ini menjadi penyeimbang dari proporsi bangun yang horisontal. Hasil kajian ini akan disandingkan dengan kajian geometri dari Rumah Potong Ulu di Desa Minangga OKU Timur, Rumah Baghi di Desa Pulau Panggung Muara Enim , Rumah Pasemah di desa Plang Kenidai Pagar alam, Rumah Lamban Bhajak di Pekon Hujung dan Rumah Bathin di Desa Gedung Batin Way Kanan, guna mendapatkan tipologi geometri hunian masa lampau di dataran tinggi Bukit Barisan sisi barat Sumatera.
KAJIAN POLA TATANAN KEHIDUPAN DI KABUYUTAN TRUSMI, CIREBON
Authors: Sintia Dewi Wulanningrum
Published: May 2020

Seiring berkembangnya peradaban manusia yang ditandai dengan perkembangan teknologi yang semakin maju, pola kehidupan manusia mengalir mengikuti zamannya. Akan tetapi perkembangan ini, tidak mempengaruhi pola kehidupan di Kabuyutan Trusmi, yang tetap mempertahankan ajaran leluhurnya. Pola kehidupan dan aktivitas Kabuyutan Trusmi merupakan perwujudan dari kearifan lokal masyarakat Jawa Barat. Kearifan lokal ini dapat dilihat seperti pada bentuk bangunan yang ramah lingkungan, pola kehidupan sehari-hari yang menghargai alam dan penggunaan peralatan rumah tangga yang masih orisinil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pola tatanan kehidupan Kabuyutan Trusmi yang mencerminkan kearifan lokal daerah setempat. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif mengenai tatanan kehidupan Kabuyutan Trusmi. Hasil temuan penelitian adalah pola tatanan kehidupan Kabuyutan Trusmi yang masih menjaga tradisi nenek moyang, seperti bentuk bangunan yang masih tradisional, penggunaan material ramah lingkungan, pola kehidupan yang menjaga tradisi, dan penggunaan alat-alat memasak yang masih tradisional.
BANGUNAN BERSEJARAH DI KAWASAN KESAWAN DAN LAPANGAN MERDEKA MENDUKUNG AKTIVITAS PENGEMBANGAN WILAYAH DI KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Yuanita FD Sidabutar  , Sirojuzilam  , Suwardi  , Rujiman
Published: May 2020

Medan merupakan salah satu kota di Indonesia yang kaya dengan potensi peninggalan bangunan bersejarah baik warisan kolonial Belanda maupun kerajaan yang berjaya pada masa lalu. Untuk menghindari semakin merosotnya fisik, fungsi dan karakter visual kawasan pusat kota lama ini, diperlukan upaya inovatif yaitu dengan cara menghidupkan kembali suasana lingkungan agar tidak semakin pudar. Kawasan Kesawan dan Lapangan Merdeka dianggap keberadaannya dapat mewakili bangunan bersejarah di Kota Medan, dengan memiliki potensi dari segi arsitektur pada bangunannya dan di kawasan inilah munculnya aktivitas baru dalam menghidupkan kembali suasana lingkungan dan sekitarnya seperti aktivitas bisnis, sarana hiburan dan wisata bagi masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik Kawasan Kesawan dan Kawasan Lapangan Merdeka dalam pemanfaatan/pelestarian bangunan bersejarah sehingga keberadaannya berpotensi terhadap aktivitas bisnis serta untuk mengkaji sejauhmana faktor tenaga kerja, jumlah jenis dagangan, jumlah pengunjung dan pelayanan pengunjung berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan pedagang di ” Kawasan Kesawan dan Merdeka Walk”. Metoda analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda.Obyek dalam penelitian ini adalah bangunan bersejarah yang dilestarikan berdasarkan Perda No. 6 Tahun 1988, berada di sepanjang Kawasan Kesawan dan bangunan di sekitar Lapangan Merdeka. Sedangkan yang menjadi populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh masyarakat yang terdiri dari pemilik bangunan, pedagang/pengusaha dan pengunjung yang beraktivitas bisnis di ” Kawasan Kesawan dan Merdeka Walk”.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) pemanfaatan keberadaan bangunan bersejarah di “Kawasan Kesawan” dan “Kawasan Lapangan Merdeka” berfungsi sebagai “Museum Terbuka” untuk masyarakat yang ingin menambah pengetahuannya tentang warisan sejarah di kota Medan dan memiliki nilai jual dari sudut visualisasinya dalam memperkenalkan nilai-nilai sejarah perkembangan arsitektur bangunannya, (2) perkembangan pembangunan yang pesat di “Kawasan Kesawan” dan “Kawasan Lapangan Merdeka” menuntut adanya suatu pelestarian baik preservasi maupun konservasi, sehingga hal ini dapat dijadikan suatu aset komersial bagi kegiatan pariwisata, (3) tenaga kerja, jumlah jenis dagangan, jumlah pengunjung, dan pelayanan pengunjung berpengaruh secara signifikan dalam meningkatkan pendapatan pedagang di “Kawasan Kesawan” dan “Merdeka Walk”, (4) Kawasan Kesawan dan Lapangan Merdeka saat ini dapat dijadikan alternatif untuk peningkatan pendapatan asli daerah (PAD) melalui berbagai pungutan, retribusi yang diperoleh karena kawasan ini dijadikan salah satu pusat kuliner di kota Medan.
Effect of Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn) Seed Extract on Bacterial Activities and Growth of Human Liver Cancer Cells
Authors: S. M. Ali Basma , ElSayed Abdelaleim I. , A. Doheem Mahmoud , Abo Eita Ahmed M. , A. Omar Ahmad
Published: May 2020

Silymarin is a polyphenolic flavonoid mixture isolated from milk thistle which is believed to be responsible for the plant’s hepatoprotective action. Silymarin is hepatoprotective flavonoid drug available as bio marker in Silybun marianum (common name milk thistle). Silymarin is being used in treatment of various liver disease of different etiology because of its hepatoprotective action. Phytochemicals are playing a vital role for the treatment of different types of diseases and still used in both traditional and modern medication system. The phytochemical analysis of milk thistle seeds extract indicated that the plant is rich in secondary compounds. The results revealed that milk thistle seeds contain high amount of total phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidant compounds. The antibacterial activities of the ethanol seeds extract of milk thistle was tested against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aures) and Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella entirica). Antibacterial effects of crude extract were performed using modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique to determine the zone of inhibition. The results demonstrated that ethanol seeds extract of milk thistle is shown strong inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aures and Salmonella entirica compared to the control. Also, milk thistle seeds extract showed highly anticancer activity. This medicinal plant could be developed into affordable and safe standardized herbal products and may serve as a source of new molecules for broad-spectrum anticancer, antimicrobial agents.
Tofu Factory Liquid Waste for Making Struvite with Canted Vertical Reactors
Authors: Sutiyono  , Luluk edahwati  , Pratiwi Kartika , Fanani Achmad
Published: May 2020

Struvite is a white crystal, chemically known as magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate (MgNH4PO4.6H2O). Tofu factory liquid waste is waste that can be reused because of its content. Tofu factory liquid waste can potentially pollute the environment. This research aimsto analyze the manufacture of struvite by utilizing the phosphate content contained in the liquid waste of tofu factories using vertical canted column reactors which can reduce environmental pollution due to liquid waste of tofu factories. This study uses a vertical canted column reactors by mixing anequimolar 1: 1: 1 MgCl2: NH4OH: H3PO4 solution. Struvite crystallization process operates at a temperature variation of 30°C,35°C,40°C,45.50°Cand a pH of 8, 9,10,11,12 by maintaining the air rate of 0.5 liters minute-1 and a MAP (Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate)flow of 56 ml minutes-1 as a whole. The crystallization process runs until a steady state conditionis reached. Then, the struvite crystals obtained were filtered and dried at room temperature for 24 hours. After that struvite crystals were analyzed using XRF, XRD, and SEM. The results of the study obtained the best phosphate conversion of 24.935% at 30°C  and pH 8.
World Civilization and Western Civilization
Authors: Mork Gordon R. , Lowry Bullitt , Doyle Shannon
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Lowry.
Revitalizing Liberal Education
Authors: Holsinger Donald C.
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Holsinger.
Some Thoughts on the State of History, 1976-1986
Authors: Kneeshaw Stephen
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Kneeshaw.
Through Indian Eyes
Authors: Tate Michael L.
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Tate.
The "Flesh and Blood" of History Little, Brown's "Library of American Biography" Series in the Survey Class
Authors: Bailey Raymond C.
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Bailey.
Mapping the Transformation of Information into Knowledge in Early Modern Florence
Authors: DeSilva Jennifer Mara
Published: May 2020

The recent use of geographic information systems (GIS) to visualize large historical datasets are particularly useful to History instructors who seek real-world platforms that support an open-ended investigation of past societies. The University of Toronto’s DECIMA Project (Digitally Encoded Census and Information Mapping Archive) presents an open-access platform through which anyone can explore census material collected in early modern Florence. This article explores how senior undergraduate students used the DECIMA Project to construct research-based learning assignments that they developed independently. A rubric assessed the resulting student work in order to evaluate several cognitive abilities that students employed during their method design, data analysis, and the contextualization of conclusions. The assignment also drew on central History disciplinary concepts (articulating a question, constructing an argument, evaluating sources, and discerning challenges to the narrative), while introducing students to 'real Florentines.'
Restoring History to General Education- And Vice-Versa
Authors: Moore Michael , Welsh William Jeffrey
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Moore and Welsh.
"The Craft of History"
Authors: Herbert Ramond G. , Trocki Carl A.
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Herbert and Trocki.
The Uses of Local History in the American History Survey
Authors: Simmons Jerold
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Simmons.