bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREVALENCE OF DYSLIPIDEMIA, VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY AND DEPRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH SUBCLINICAL, NEWLY DIAGNOSED AND ESTABLISHED HYPOTHYROIDISM
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, K. B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India., Palak A. Shah , Urooj J. Pathan ,   Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, K. B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India., Shrikalp S. Deshpande ,   Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, K. B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
Published: August 2022

Objective: To find out prevalence of dyslipidemia, vitamin B12 deficiency and depression in hypothyroid patients. Methodology:A cross sectional observational study was carried out in 2 hospitals to estimate the prevalence of dyslipidemia, vitamin B12 deficiency and depression in 60 patients of hypothyroidism. Data of demographic details, past medical history, current ongoing major illness, medications and past laboratory reports was collected from case record file of patients. Results:Out of 60 hypothyroid patients, 90% of the patients were females and 10 % were males. The prevalence of hypothyroidism was highest in the age group of 31-40 (45 %) followed by the age group of 41-50 (35%). According to BMI interpretation, 65 % of the patients were overweight. Out of 60 patients, 47 (78.3 %) patients had established hypothyroidism and 13 (21.7%) patients were newly diagnosed. Out of 13 newly diagnosed patients, 6 (10.3 %) had subclinical hypothyroidism and 7 (11.7%) had overt hypothyroidism.Percentage of patients with dyslipidemia, vitamin B12 deficiency and depression were 25, 16.7 and 10 respectively. Conclusion:The prevalence of hypothyroidism was higher in patients having age of 31 to 40 years. Majority of the patients were females. Percentage of patients with established hypothyroidism were more than newly diagnosed patients. Majority of the patients were overweight. Prevalence of dyslipidemia was highest among hypothyroid patients followed by vitamin B12 deficiency and depression.
BIOCONVERSION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS TO ETHANOL USING DIFFERENT MICROORGANISMS
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, R.V College of Engineering, Bengaluru-560059, India., Kumar Srivastava Ajeet , Hiremath Lingayya ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, R.V College of Engineering, Bengaluru-560059, India., Narendra Kumar S. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, R.V College of Engineering, Bengaluru-560059, India., Narayan A.V ,   Associate Professor, Department of Biotechnology, R.V College of Engineering, Bengaluru-560059, India.
Published: August 2022

Lignocellulosic material that includes hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin (lignocellulosic complex) is present in the plant cells. The hydrolysis process of the lignocellulose biomass into glucose in the presence of lignocellulytic enzymes is an area of concern in the production process of cellulosic biofuel. Microorganisms like fungi have the ability for degrading the plant cell wall by an enzyme set which acts in coordination. This moves in a direction to release glucose freely. Another challenge is the modification in the plant cell architecture. Along with this, the capacity of microorganisms in degradation by the modification of the genomes is also one of the challenges. The advantage of the biological process of pre-treatment for degradation of the lignocellulosic materials is because of its effective enzymatic system. There are two types of enzymatic systems which is of extracellular nature in fungi. These are hydrolytic and ligninolytic systems. Hydrolases are produced by hydrolytic system which degrades the polysaccharide and produces sugar. The exclusive oxidative advantage and the extracellular ligninolytic system degrades the components of lignin and also opens the rings of phenyl. The reducing sugars are then converted in ethanol production with the use of various fermentative microorganisms. In this paper, the bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol using different microorganisms is discussed along with other relevant aspects.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF NEUTROPHIL-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO IN CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS BEFORE AND AFTER NON-SURGICAL PERIODONTAL THERAPY (NSPT)
Authors:   Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Periodontics & Oral Implantology, Govt Dental College & Hospital, Srinagar, J & K, 190010., Ahmad Mir Basharat , Ahmad Janbaz Zubair ,   Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Periodontics & Oral Implantology, Govt Dental College & Hospital, Srinagar, J & K, 190010., Majid Jan Suhail ,   Professor & Head, Department of Periodontics & Oral Implantology, Govt Dental College & Hospital, Srinagar, J & K, 190010., Behal Roobal ,   Associate Professor. Department of Periodontics & Oral Implantology, Govt Dental College & Hospital, Srinagar, J & K, 190010.
Published: August 2022

Background: The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) acts as an indicator of subclinical inflammation. Inflammatory marker NLR significantly increases in prediabetic and diabetic patients. Periodontal therapy can contribute to diabetes control in diabetic patients with periodontitis. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate Neutrophil Lymphocyte ratio in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients before and after Non-surgical periodontal therapy. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study was carried with a sample size of 90 patients having Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Venous blood samples were collected from each patient at baseline and 1 month after delivering NSPT. NLR was assessed and comparatively evaluated before and after treatment. Results: There are significant differences in NLR values of diabetic patients at baseline and at one month post non-surgical periodontal therapy (p = 0.004). Mean NLR values are higher in diabetic patients at baseline (2.07 Â± 0.55) compared to mean NLR of 1.37 Â±0.46 one month after delivering NSPT. Conclusion: Non-surgical periodontal therapy significantly reduces the NLR in diabetic patients. NSPT may augment diabetes control in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Enhancing Social Integration through Intra-ASEAN Travel
Authors: Fardhiyanti Gabriella , Wee Victor
Published: August 2022

The ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) was established in 2015 with the goal of enhancing regional integration, including social integration, which has been linked to the ASEAN populace's motivations for regional travel. This paper examines emerging intra-ASEAN travel using Esser's (2001) social integration dimension theory. To fully comprehend the vision of social integration and sustainable tourism development, continuous efforts must be made to develop, promote, and protect the member states' common interests through ASEAN integration. This study aims to assess whether the social integration dimension connects individuals in preference to travelling within the ASEAN region. A questionnaire survey of ASEAN nationality passengers at Malaysia's KLIA2 Airport was used to collect the data. The study findings will present social integration arising from intra-ASEAN travellers and the benefits of promoting tourism for economic stability in the region.
Competitive adsorption of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, and Zn2+ onto water treatment residuals: implications for mobility in stormwater bioretention systems
Authors: Duan Runbin , Fedler Clifford B.
Published: August 2022

The lack of knowledge regarding competitive adsorption of heavy metal ions onto water treatment residuals has been hindering their reuse as a medium in stormwater bioretention systems. Competitive adsorption of copper(II), lead(II), cadmium(II), and zinc(II) onto polyaluminium chloride and anionic polyacrylamide water treatment residuals (PAC-APAM WTRs) was evaluated with different pH, temperature, initial concentration, and time. The competitive adsorption removal increased with the increase of pH and temperature. The analysis of the ratios of maximum adsorption capacity of a heavy metal ionic species in a multi-component system to that in a mono-component system (Qmix/Qmono) demonstrated that the coexisting ion had a negative effect on the adsorption of a metal ionic species. The Langmuir model provided a better fit, indicating that the adsorption could be a monolayer adsorption process. The modified Langmuir isotherm studies showed that the affinity order in the multi-component systems was Cu2+>Pb2+>Cd2+>Zn2+. The pseudo-second-order model better described the adsorption kinetics implying that the competitive adsorption behavior could be interpreted by diffusion-based mechanisms. This study contributed to a better understanding the mobility of those frequently occurring heavy metal ions in stormwater runoff in the PAC-APAM WTRs media layer of stormwater bioretention systems.
Dysfunction of ABC Transporters at the Surface of BBB: Potential Implications in Intractable Epilepsy and Applications of Nanotechnology Enabled Drug Delivery
Authors: Mohi-ud-Din Roohi , Mir Reyaz Hassan , Mir Prince Ahad , Banday Nazia , Shah Abdul Jalil , Sawhney Gifty , Bhat Mudasir Maqbool , Batiha Gaber E. , Pottoo Faheem Hyder
Published: August 2022

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder affecting 70 million people globally. One of the fascinating attributes of brain microvasculature is the (BBB), which controls a chain of distinct features that securely regulate the molecules, ions, and cells movement between the blood and the parenchyma. The barrier's integrity is of paramount importance and essential for maintaining brain homeostasis, as it offers both physical and chemical barriers to counter pathogens and xenobiotics. Dysfunction of various transporters in the (BBB), mainly ATP binding cassette (ABC), is considered to play a vital role in hampering the availability of antiepileptic drugs into the brain. ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporters constitute a most diverse protein superfamily, which plays an essential part in various biological processes, including cell homeostasis, cell signaling, uptake of nutrients, and drug metabolism. Moreover, it plays a crucial role in neuroprotection by out-flowing various internal and external toxic substances from the interior of a cell, thus decreasing their buildup inside the cell. In humans, forty-eight ABC transporters have been acknowledged and categorized into subfamilies A to G based on their phylogenetic analysis. ABC subfamilies B, C, and G, impart a vital role at the BBB in guarding the brain against the entrance of various xenobiotic and their buildup. The illnesses of the central nervous system have received a lot of attention lately Owing to the existence of the BBB, the penetration effectiveness of most CNS medicines into the brain parenchyma is very limited (BBB). In the development of neurological therapies, BBB crossing for medication delivery to the CNS continues to be a major barrier. Nanomaterials with BBB cross ability have indeed been extensively developed for the treatment of CNS diseases due to their advantageous properties. This review will focus on multiple possible factors like inflammation, oxidative stress, uncontrolled recurrent seizures, and genetic polymorphisms that result in the deregulation of ABC transporters in epilepsy and nanotechnology-enabled delivery across BBB in epilepsy.
Reversible Photo-switching of G‐Quadruplex by Backbone-Inserted
Azobenzene
Authors: Kou Bo , Huai Xu , Xiao Jiaying , Wang Zhichao
Published: August 2022

Introduction:

Taking the typical human telomeric G-quadruplex (G4) sequence as a reference, we designed four photoresponsive DNA sequences by inserting azobenzene moieties into a planar interlayer and the end surfaces of the G4 structure.

Method:

The photo-responsive G4 molecules were investigated by melting curve, FRET, CD, and gel electrophoresis.

Results and Discussion:

The measurements showed that the photo-responsive G4 molecules took the stable four-strand structure under visible light, but after UV light irradiation the G4 structures tended to be disentangled. When azobenzene molecules were inserted at the end surfaces of the G4 structure, the Tm difference of the photo-responsive G4 between visible light and UV light reached more than 30 oC.

Conclusion:

In a temperature range from 20 to 53 oC, the reversible transformation of the G4 structure can be realized solely by light irradiation.
Update on Oxytocin, Phosphodiesterase, Neurokinin, Glycine as a Therapeutic Approach in the Treatment of Schizophrenia
Authors: Doshi Gaurav , Bhatia Nirav , Ved Hemen , Pandya Aditya , Kulkarni Duttraj , Naik Janhavi , Bandiwadekar Tejal , Godad Angel , Kale Pravin
Published: August 2022

Background:

Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder characterized by disrupted thoughts, perception, mood, and behavior. It has a heterogeneous genetic and neurobiological background and affects about 0.5–1% of the adult population worldwide. Herein, we review the current approaches and advances in schizophrenia. The potential therapeutic compounds for the treatment of schizophrenia act on the oxytocin receptor, phosphodiesterase system, neurokinin receptor, and glycine transport 1 receptor. Therefore, this article provides an update on the pharmacology of different receptors in addition to the dopaminergic system. These findings would guide the readers on novel targets for schizophrenia with the potential to be therapeutic agents in the future.

Objective:

To provide the researchers an update into the emerging role of oxytocin, phosphodiesterase, neurokinin, glycine which can be explored as potential pharmacotherapeutic targets in the treatment of schizophrenia.

Methods:

An extensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Science Direct, and NCBI with the following keywords: schizophrenia, novel receptors, oxytocin, phosphodiesterase, neurokinin, and glycine. Furthermore, in order to provide insights to newer drug treatments in Schizophrenia, Furthermore, Clinicaltrials.gov website was searched for newer receptor-based drugs.

Results:

Current literature supported with preclinical and clinical provides substantial evidence that oxytocin, phosphodiesterase, neurokinin, and glycine play a crucial role in Schizophrenia.

Conclusion:

Our findings indicate that though multiple antipsychotic drugs are prescribed to treat schizophrenia, novel approaches and/or mechanisms are plausible. Moreover, sensitive and specific diagnostic tools and safe and effective interventions, including novel therapeutic agents, are required to yield substantially improved future outcomes.
Calcium-Regulating Hormonal System and HMGB1 in Cardiomyopathies
Authors: Ter-Markosyan Anna S. , Harutyunyan Knarik R. , Abrahamyan Hermine T. , Adamyan Satenik H. , Mkrtchian Souren
Published: August 2022

Background:

Calcium ions play a key role in the heart's functional activity. The steadystate
levels of calcium are contingent on the calcium regulating hormonal system, impairment of
which might result in the development of cardiac pathology. An important role in these processes is
also attributed to the specific inflammatory mediator, HMGB1, one of the damage-associated molecular
patterns (DAMPs) released by immune cells or cell damage.

Objective:

This study investigated the cardioprotective potential of the calcium-regulating hormonal
system in cardiomyopathies with an emphasis on the possible role of HMGB1.

Methods:

Ca2+ and inorganic phosphate levels were determined in the serum using an electrolyte
analyzer and spectrophotometric analyzer correspondingly. The 1-34 fragment of parathyroid hormone
(PTH), calcitonin, vitamin D, and HMGB1 were detected using ELISA kits.

Results:

The levels of PTH, calcitonin, phosphate, and HMGB1 were found elevated in females suffering
from cardiomyopathy. The same tendency was observed in men; however, statistically significant
changes were registered only for PTH and phosphate.

Conclusion:

It can be suggested that among other reasons, the decrease of the left ventricular function
in cardiomyopathy patients can be linked to the high HMGB1, whereas the activation of the calciumregulating
system as manifested by the elevated PTH aims at restoration of calcium homeostasis and
thus have positive, i.e. cardioprotective consequences.
Physicochemical Properties, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis L. OSBECK) Fruit Peel and Pulp Oil Extracts
Authors: Sado Muhammednur , Yusuf Zekeria , Desta Mulugeta , Idris Megersa
Published: August 2022

Background:

Citrus sinensisL., commonly called sweet orange, fruit waste (peel, seed, and pulp) oils, are used as natural preservatives due to their broad spectrum of biological activities, including antimicrobial and antioxidant effects.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to investigate the physicochemical properties, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of sweet orange peel and pulp oils extracted using the solvent extraction method.

Methods:

The oil extraction was done in the Soxhlet apparatus using petroleum ether as a solvent. Then, the physicochemical properties of the oil extracts were assessed based on the determination of oil yield, acid value, free fatty acid, and peroxide value. The antioxidant activity of the oil extract was evaluated based on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and hydrogen peroxide free radical scavenging activity as well as ascorbic acid content.

Results:

The results indicated that significantly higher antioxidant activities with respect to ascorbic acid (47.94%) and DPPH value 85.20% were recorded for sweet orange pulp/juice oil. Stronger antibacterial activity with a maximum zone of inhibition (10.67mm), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.25µg/ml, and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 0.25µg/ml were recorded for fruit pulp oil extract againstStaphylococcus aureus. Stronger antifungal activity with a maximum zone of inhibition (9.67mm), MIC (0.25µg/ml), and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 0.50µg/ml were also observed for fruit pulp oil extract againstAspergillus versicolor.

Conclusion:

C. sinensisfruit pulp oil was found to demonstrate stronger biological activities, including both antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials.
Mathematical Model Research on the Influence of Fluid Parameter
Characteristics on the Solid Fluidization Exploration Process of Hydrate
Reservoir
Authors: Tang Liang , Liu Yang
Published: August 2022

Objective:

In order to further study the characteristics of flow parameters in the wellbore during
solid fluidization drilling, based on the physical model of solid fluidization exploration of hydrate
reservoir, a gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow model is established during the drilling process.

Methods:

The parameter changes of wellbore pressure, section gas holdup, liquid volume fraction, temperature
and wellbore hydrate decomposition rate under the influence of different wellhead choke pressure,
displacement and drilling fluid density during solid fluidization are analyzed.

Results:

The analysis results of the case will show that under different wellhead choke pressures, hydrate
begins to decompose at 400m to 500m, and with the increase in wellhead choke pressure, the
wellbore pressure and the volume fraction of liquid and solid phase at the same position increase significantly,
and the gas production rate and the gas volume fraction decrease. The results also show that under
different drilling fluid rates, hydrate begins to decompose at 500m to 550m, and with the increase in
drilling fluid rate, bottomhole pressure and wellbore temperature increase, the situation of hydrate decomposition
becomes better, and gas volume fraction decreases.

Conclusion:

With the increase of drilling fluid density, hydrate begins to decompose at 500m to 600m,
the wellbore temperature increases, and the hydrate decomposition is delayed. Meanwhile, the difference
in the location of hydrate decomposition becomes smaller.
Investigation on the Stability of an Electric Power Circuit under
Ferroresonance Based on Nonlinear Dynamic Model of Transformer
Authors: Pal Rajat Shubhra , Roy Madhab
Published: August 2022

Background:

Ferroresonance is a complex electrical phenomenon, which has long been
considered a problem for power utilities. Besides, founding mitigation techniques, researchers have
also devoted their efforts to predicting the occurrence of ferroresonance in susceptible networks.
The study requires mathematically suitable transformer models for computer simulations.

Objective:

The objective of this paper is to study ferroresonance and examine the stability of the
system when source voltage changes gradually from a low value to a high value.

Method:

To meet the objective, the first thing required is to find an appropriate circuit model. The
saturable core transformer is represented by its nonlinear dynamic model. With the help of that
model, a Simulink block diagram has been developed in MATLAB. The Simulink model is examined
under various circuit conditions and the stability of the system is analyzed at different stages.

Results:

It has been found that the system passes through a series of period-doubling bifurcation and
ultimately reaches chaos.

Conclusion:

The model and the method used in this paper can be used as a very helpful tool as well
as a powerful technique to understand the effect of specific parameters in the final behavior of the
ferroresonance phenomenon.
Implementation of Inclusive Education at Elementary Schools During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Jannah Irradhiatul , Hermanto Hermanto
Published: August 2022

Education must be open, regardless of race, ethnicity, or characteristics, for a student with a disability. Inclusive education is an alternative that is facilitated by the government to reduce discrimination so that children with special needs can obtain a quality education. However, over time the implementation of inclusive education has been hampered by several obstacles, especially with the current state of the Covid-19 pandemic. Currently, there are still many schools providing inclusive education that do not have special assistant teachers, and there is not even a special budget to provide inclusive education. This study aims to examine and describe the implementation of inclusive education at the Payakumbuh City Elementary Schoolbduring the Covid-19 pandemic. The research is a descriptive-analytic study, and data collection techniques were carried out using observation and interviews. The result of the study found that the implementation of inclusive education at the Payakumbuh City elementary schools had not been running by the criteria for implementing inclusive education. This is due to the absence of a dedicated budget for providing inclusive education, teachers’ misunderstandings regarding the characteristics and needs of students with special needs, limited facilities that accommodate the needs of students with special needs, and pandemic conditions that make the learning process less effective. Therefore, these obstacles in the implementation of inclusive education must be overcome immediately, local governments can consider holding socialization in schools, to provide understanding to teachers, because they are the ones who will teach students with special needs.
Por Uma Imaginação Etnográfica Na Educação
Authors: Golbspan Ricardo , Gandin Luís Armando
Published: August 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a proposta de imaginação etnográfica como uma ferramenta potente para a pesquisa crítica em educação. A partir de revisão de literatura, o texto propõe que há uma rica diversidade de práticas etnográficas em educação, apesar do relativo ceticismo frente a este desenvolvimento. Através deste estudo bibliográfico, se apontou para a possibilidade de abordar a realidade educacional brasileira sob a perspectiva da imaginação etnográfica, de acordo com Paul Willis.  O manuscrito, assim, propõe uma discussão teórica sobre esta categoria, estabelece uma proposta de confiabilidade metodológica para a operação da imaginação etnográfica e sugere um passo a passo para sua efetivação. Como resultados, se destacam uma proposta de nova sensibilidade frente ao trabalho etnográfico na educação, um convite à operação rigorosa da perspectiva metodológica e uma reorientação de procedimentos metodológicas de coleta e análise de dados etnográficos.
Cardiodynamic Profiles of Gravidas with Obesity in Early Gestation
Authors: Cottrell, MD Jesse , Hayes, MS4 William , Jude, MD David , Chaffin, MD David
Published: August 2022

Background Obesity is a significant contributor to adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes, increasing the risk of spontaneous miscarriage, stillbirth, preterm delivery, fetal malformations, gestational diabetes, fetal macrosomia, cesarean section, maternal thromboembolic complications, and hypertensive complications. Historical data indicate that nonpregnant individuals with obesity typically have an elevated cardiac output, increase in total and central blood volume, and low peripheral vascular resistance. Studies measuring hemodynamic parameters in pregnant patients with obesity is lacking. Methods A retrospective study was conducted in 796 pregnant patients referred to the Maternal Hypertension Center at Cabell Huntington Hospital; 335 had a Body Mass Index (BMI) of < 30kg/m2, 171 had a BMI of 30kg/m2 - 34.9kg/m2, 154 had a BMI of 35kg/m2 - 39.9kg/m2, and 136 had a BMI >4 40kg/m2. Results The maternal hemodynamic parameters showed significant differences in systolic blood pressure (p value <.01), mean arterial pressure (p value = 0.01), cardiac output (p value <0.01), and systemic vascular resistance (p value <0.01). There were no significant differences in maternal heart rate (p value = 0.2093) or diastolic blood pressure between groups (p value = 0.1139). Conclusion Non-invasive hemodynamic testing offers the opportunity to further explore pathologic cardiovascular alterations of pregnant patients with obesity. Further research is needed to categorize hemodynamic parameters, with an attempt to explore potential interventions to improve pregnancy outcomes for gravidas with obesity.
Characteristics of Smart Health Ecosystems That Support Self-care Among People With Heart Failure: Scoping Review
Authors: Nourse Rebecca , Lobo Elton , McVicar Jenna , Kensing Finn , Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful , Kayser Lars , Maddison Ralph
Published: August 2022

Background

The management of heart failure is complex. Innovative solutions are required to support health care providers and people with heart failure with decision-making and self-care behaviors. In recent years, more sophisticated technologies have enabled new health care models, such as smart health ecosystems. Smart health ecosystems use data collection, intelligent data processing, and communication to support the diagnosis, management, and primary and secondary prevention of chronic conditions. Currently, there is little information on the characteristics of smart health ecosystems for people with heart failure.

Objective

We aimed to identify and describe the characteristics of smart health ecosystems that support heart failure self-care.

Methods

We conducted a scoping review using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. The MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, IEEE Xplore, and ACM Digital Library databases were searched from January 2008 to September 2021. The search strategy focused on identifying articles describing smart health ecosystems that support heart failure self-care. A total of 2 reviewers screened the articles and extracted relevant data from the included full texts.

Results

After removing duplicates, 1543 articles were screened, and 34 articles representing 13 interventions were included in this review. To support self-care, the interventions used sensors and questionnaires to collect data and used tailoring methods to provide personalized support. The interventions used a total of 34 behavior change techniques, which were facilitated by a combination of 8 features for people with heart failure: automated feedback, monitoring (integrated and manual input), presentation of data, education, reminders, communication with a health care provider, and psychological support. Furthermore, features to support health care providers included data presentation, alarms, alerts, communication tools, remote care plan modification, and health record integration.

Conclusions

This scoping review identified that there are few reports of smart health ecosystems that support heart failure self-care, and those that have been reported do not provide comprehensive support across all domains of self-care. This review describes the technical and behavioral components of the identified interventions, providing information that can be used as a starting point for designing and testing future smart health ecosystems.
Developing an Immersive Virtual Reality Training System for Novel Pediatric Power Wheelchair Users: Protocol for a Feasibility Study
Authors: Drisdelle Sara , Power Liam , Thieu Scott , Sheriko Jordan
Published: August 2022

Background

Power wheelchairs can empower children with physical limitations to gain independence in their everyday lives; however, traditional methods of power wheelchair training are often limited by poor accessibility and safety concerns. Immersive virtual reality technology (IVRT) uses advanced display technology to place users in a fully immersive web-based environment that can support real-time skills training, often requiring less resources and fewer safety concerns than real-world methods. IVRT interventions have shown to be a feasible training option among adult power wheelchair users; however, there is still a need to understand the technical and clinical feasibility of developing an IVRT power wheelchair training tool for the pediatric population.

Objective

This proposed study aims to use expert feedback and an iterative design process to develop an IVRT training intervention for pediatric power wheelchair skill development.

Methods

This 3-phase feasibility study will be conducted within the assistive technology unit of a public pediatric hospital. Separate participant groups will be recruited for each phase, consisting of approximately 10 to 15 clinicians (phase 1), 10 pediatric power wheelchair users (phase 2), and 15 to 20 additional pediatric power wheelchair users (phase 3). Phase 1 will be conducted to gather feedback on the baseline IVRT training intervention. Clinicians will test the intervention and assess its usability and acceptability using qualitative and quantitative methods. Phase 1 participants will also be invited back for a subsequent session to reassess a revised version of the training intervention that has been updated based on their previous feedback. Phase 2 and phase 3 will also use mixed methods to gather feedback on the usability, acceptability, and user experience of the IVRT training intervention from current pediatric power wheelchair users. In addition, phase 3 participants will perform a skills transfer assessment to compare power mobility skill performance between the virtual reality and real-life environments. Data gathered in phase 2 will be used to further refine the IVRT intervention, whereas phase 3 data will be used to statistically evaluate the final version.

Results

This study was approved by the Izaak Walton Killam Health Centre research ethics board in August 2021. Phase 1 testing began in February 2022. The entire study is expected to be completed by 2023.

Conclusions

The results of this study will be used to create an IVRT training intervention for pediatric power wheelchair skill development through an iterative and collaborative design process. Results may also assist in directing future studies in this area.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/39140
Digital Interventions for Psychological Well-being in University Students: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Ferrari Madeleine , Allan Stephanie , Arnold Chelsea , Eleftheriadis Dina , Alvarez-Jimenez Mario , Gumley Andrew , Gleeson John F
Published: August 2022

Background

Life at university provides important opportunities for personal growth; however, this developmental phase also coincides with the peak period of risk for the onset of mental health disorders. In addition, specific university lifestyle factors, including impaired sleep and academic and financial stress, are known to exacerbate psychological distress in students. As a result, university students have been identified as a vulnerable population who often experience significant barriers to accessing psychological treatment. Digital psychological interventions are emerging as a promising solution for this population, but their effectiveness remains unclear.

Objective

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess digital interventions targeting psychological well-being among university students.

Methods

Database searches were conducted on December 2, 2021, via Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science.

Results

A total of 13 eligible studies were identified, 10 (77%) of which were included in the meta-analysis. Mean pre-post effect sizes indicated that such interventions led to small and significant improvement in psychological well-being (Hedges g=0.32, 95% CI 0.23-0.4; P<.001). These effects remained, albeit smaller, when studies that included a wait-list control group were excluded (Hedges g=0.22, 95% CI 0.08-0.35; P=.002). An analysis of acceptance and commitment therapy approaches revealed small and significant effects (k=6; Hedges g=0.35, 95% CI 0.25-0.45; P<.001).

Conclusions

Digital psychological interventions hold considerable promise for university students, although features that optimize service delivery and outcomes require further assessment.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42020196654; https:/www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=196654
Content Analysis of Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine-Related Videos on YouTube in Japan (Preprint)
Authors: Xu Yinghan , Sakaguchi Masahiko , Katayama Kayoko , Asai-Sato Mikiko , Ueda Yutaka , Ito Yuri , Ogihara Atsushi
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Internet content about the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccine may affect people's decisions to get vaccinated. Therefore, it is important to provide information on all the aspects of the HPV vaccine on YouTube, one of the most popular social media platforms. However, few studies have focused on Japanese videos about these vaccines.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to describe the YouTube content on HPV vaccines by analyzing the related Japanese videos in context of the account characteristics, attitude towards the vaccine, and thumbnail characteristics.

METHODS

Relevant videos with keywords “HPV vaccine” and “cervical cancer vaccine” uploaded before November 11, 2021 were collected using the YouTube data application programming interface. The videos were accessed using unique IDs after being independently coded by two different coders. Differences in the coding results were resolved by discussion. The main outcome measures included channel information and classification, attitude towards HPV vaccine, description of reimbursement, designation of the vaccine, and the thumbnail details.

RESULTS

As of November 11, 2021, positive and negative attitude videos regarding HPV vaccines accounted for approximately 44% of the Japanese YouTube videos. In the year 2013, an increase in negative videos was observed, while from 2019 onwards, majority of the videos uploaded had positive attitudes towards the vaccine. Videos with negative tones generally used the terminology "cervical cancer vaccines ". Majority of the negative videos were uploaded by individual accounts, whereas all the videos uploaded by medical workers were positive or neutral. Only four videos mentioned side-effect compensation. The most frequently used thumbnails were the photographs of people who appeared in the videos.

CONCLUSIONS

This study summarizes the characteristics of Japanese YouTube videos about the HPV vaccine. Compared to the English version, there are fewer anti-vaccine videos in Japan, but there is also a lack of videos uploaded by credible authorities.
Impact of a Mobile Application for Tracking Nausea and Vomiting During Pregnancy (NVP) on NVP Symptoms, Quality of Life, and Decisional Conflict Regarding NVP Treatments: MinSafeStart Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Ngo Elin , Truong Maria Bich-Thuy , Wright David , Nordeng Hedvig
Published: August 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Pregnant women are active users of mobile apps for health purposes. These apps may improve self-management of health-related conditions. Up to 70% of pregnant women experience nausea and vomiting (NVP). Even mild NVP can significantly reduce quality of life (QoL), and it can become an economic burden for both the woman and society. NVP often occurs before the first maternal care visit; therefore, apps can potentially play an important role in empowering pregnant women to recognize, manage, and seek appropriate treatment for NVP, when required. This study investigated whether the MinSafeStart (MSS) mobile app could impact NVP-related symptoms, QoL, and decisional conflict regarding NVP treatment. This randomized controlled trial enrolled 268 pregnant women with NVP in Norway from 2019 to 2020. The intervention group had access to the MSS app, which could be used to track NVP symptoms and access tailored advice. NVP severity was rated with the Pregnancy Unique Quantification of Emesis (PUQE) score. The control group followed standard maternal care. We collected data on maternal baseline characteristics, NVP severity, QoL, and decisional conflict using 2 sets of online questionnaires. One set of questionnaires was completed at enrollment, and the other was completed after 2 weeks. We performed linear regression analyses to explore whether the use of the MSS app was associated with NVP severity, QoL, or decisional conflict. Among the 268 women enrolled in the study, 192 (86.5%) completed the baseline questionnaires and were randomized to either the intervention (n=89) or control group (n=103). In the intervention group, 88 women downloaded the app, and 468 logs were recorded. In both groups, women were enrolled at a median of 8 gestational weeks. At baseline, the average PUQE scores were 4.9 and 4.7; the average QoL scores were 146 and 149; and the average DCS scores were 40 and 43 in the intervention and control groups, respectively. The app had no impact on NVP severity (aβ 0.6, 95% Cl -0.1 to 1.2), QoL (aβ -5.3, 95% Cl -12.5 to 1.9), or decisional conflict regarding NVP treatment (aβ -1.1, 95% Cl -6.2 to 4.2), compared with standard care. Tracking NVP symptoms with the MSS app was not associated with improvements in NVP symptoms, QoL, or decisional conflict after 2 weeks, compared with standard care. Future studies should include a process evaluation to improve our understanding of how pregnant women use the app and how to optimize its utility within maternity care. Specifically, studies should focus on how digital tools might facilitate counseling and communication between pregnant women and health care providers regarding NVP management during pregnancy. ClinicalTrails.gov (NCT04719286): https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04719286.
Review of Postmortem Protein Oxidation in Skeletal Muscle and the Role of the Peroxiredoxin Family of Endogenous Antioxidants
Authors: Johnson Logan G. , Patterson Brian M. , Huff-Lonergan Elisabeth J. , Lonergan Steven M.
Published: August 2022

The development of fresh meat quality is dictated by biochemical changes during the perimortem and postmortem period. Lipid and protein oxidation in postmortem skeletal muscle and meat products is detrimental to product quality. The mechanisms that influence lipid and protein oxidation in fresh meat remain unelucidated. Peroxiredoxins are thiol-specific antioxidant proteins that are highly reactive and abundant and may be involved in limiting oxidation early postmortem. This review aims to provide a background on oxidation in skeletal muscle, peroxiredoxins, a summary of proteomic experiments associating peroxiredoxins and meat quality, and the importance of context from proteomic methods and results. Additional controlled experiments considering the cellular conditions of postmortem skeletal muscle are necessary to further understand the contribution of peroxiredoxins to fresh meat quality development.
Eficacia del propóleo mexicano de Apis millifera en el tratamiento de la estomatitis protésica. Ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado
Authors: Jurado Castañeda Emiliano , Ramírez Martínez Carla Monserrat , Carrillo Miranda Liborio , Díaz-Barriga Arceo Sandra , Cabrera Contreras Israel Adair , Portilla Robertson Javier
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Determinar la eficacia terapéutica del gel de propóleos mexicanos a 1.5% comparado con el miconazol gel a 2% (Dakta- rin®) en el tratamiento de la estomatitis protésica (EP). Material y métodos: Se realizó un ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado do- ble ciego en una muestra de 58 pacientes con EP según la escala de Newton. La muestra fue dividida por muestreo aleatorio simple en dos grupos: «miconazol» (N = 30) y «propóleos» (N = 28). Se determinó la incidencia acumulada (IA) y el riesgo relativo (RR) de la resolución de EP. Resultados: Los resultados no mostraron sig- nificancia estadística (p < 0.05) ya que el gel de propóleos mexica- nos tuvo una eficacia similar (IA = 80%) al miconazol (IA = 89.2%) en la resolución clínica de EP. En todos los casos hubo ausencia total de colonias de Candida sp al finalizar la intervención. Conclu- siones: El gel de propóleos mexicanos demostró poseer potencial para el tratamiento de la EP; sin embargo, se requieren nuevos estudios para evaluar el rol que juegan otras variables como el flujo salival, así como el estado y tipo de prótesis.
Beneficios y complicaciones de la cirugía implantológica guiada en paciente desdentado total, reporte de caso
Authors: Torres-Ibieta David , Mazzey Gustavo , Hernández Roberto
Published: August 2022

La cirugía implantológica guiada asistida por computador (CIGAPC) ha tenido un avance considerable en los últimos años, generando un aumento explosivo en el uso de esta herramienta. Se han desarrollado diferentes sistemas para la planificación y ejecución de cirugías en pacientes desdentados parciales y totales. Una cantidad considerable de estudios han reportado los beneficios y complicaciones asociados a este procedimiento. Se reportan beneficios en el paciente, asociados a un mejor postoperatorio, disminución del tiempo quirúrgico, entre otros. Diversos autores describen complicaciones asociadas como el asentamiento de la guía, posición implantaria entre otros. Se recomienda mantener 2 mm de seguridad para la posición de los implantes planificados
Utilidad del modelo 5MPB-Toledo para predecir bacteriemia en el paciente anciano
Authors: Julián-Jiménez Agustín , García-Lamberechts Eric Jorge , González del Castillo Juan , Rubio Díaz Rafael , Huarte Sanz Itziar , Navarro Bustos Carmen , Guardiola Tey Josep María , Perales Pardo Ramón , Llopis-Roca Ferrán , Piñera Salmerón Pascual , Martínez-Ortiz de Zarate Mikel , Álvarez-Manzanares Jesús , Gamazo-Del Rio Julio Javier , Álvarez López Oscar , Ferreras Amez José María , Sousa Reviriego María del Mar , Martín-Sánchez Francisco Javier , Beneyto Martín Pedro , Candel González Francisco Javier
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Analizar la utilidad del modelo predictivo de bacteriemia (5MPB-Toledo) en los mayores de 65 años atendidos por infección en el servicio de urgencias (SU). Material y Método: Estudio observacional prospectivo y multicéntrico de los hemocultivos (HC) obtenidos en pacientes mayores de 65 años atendidos por infección en 66 SU españoles desde el 1 de diciembre de 2019 hasta el 30 de abril de 2020. Se analizó la capacidad predictiva del modelo con el área bajo la curva (ABC) de la característica operativa del receptor (COR) y se calculó el rendimiento diagnóstico de los puntos de corte (PC) del modelo elegido con los cálculos de la sensibilidad, la especificidad, el valor predictivo positivo y el valor predictivo negativo. Resultados: Se incluyeron 2.401 episodios de HC extraídos. De ellos, se consideró como bacteriemia verdadera a 579 (24,11%) y como HC negativo a 1.822 (75,89%). Entre los negativos, 138 (5,74%) se consideraron contaminados. Se categorizó a los pacientes en bajo (0-2 puntos), moderado (3-5 puntos) y alto (6-8 puntos) riesgo, con una probabilidad de bacteriemia de 1,2%, 18,1% y 80,7%, respectivamente. El ABC-COR del modelo tras remuestreo fue de 0,908 (IC 95%: 0,897-0,924). El rendimiento diagnóstico del modelo, considerando un PC ? 5 puntos, obtiene una sensibilidad de 94% (IC 95%:92-96), especificidad de 77% (IC 95%:76-79) y un valor predictivo negativo de 97% (IC 95%:96-98). Conclusión: El modelo 5MPB-Toledo es de utilidad para predecir bacteriemia en los mayores de 65 años atendidos en el SU por un episodio de infección.
Cambio en la mortalidad intrahospitalaria durante el primer pico por SARS- COV-2 en Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Barbosa Stephany , Mauricio Muñoz Oscar , Cañas Arboleda Alejandra , Alberto García Ángel , Alfonso Olejua Peter , Díaz Melissa
Published: August 2022

Introducción: La mortalidad por SARS-COV-2 ha disminuido en diferentes países, pero no se ha evaluado si es igual en Colombia, o si se relaciona con las características de los pacientes y tratamientos utilizados. Objetivo: Comparar la mortalidad por SARS-COV-2, en dos periodos de tiempo controlando por factores de riesgo asociados con mortalidad. Metodología: Estudio observacional, basado en una cohorte retrospectiva de pacientes con SARS-COV-2 atendidos en el Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá (Colombia), desde el 19 de marzo al 12 de noviembre, 2020. Se comparó la tasa de mortalidad intrahospitalaria de los pacientes egresados antes y después del 21 de agosto de 2020 (primer pico de mortalidad en Colombia) y se analizó el impacto del momento de atención controlando por comorbilidades, severidad al ingreso y tratamiento recibido, usando un modelo de regresión logística. Resultados: 1399 pacientes (944 antes y 455 después del primer pico de mortalidad) fueron analizados. La tasa de mortalidad intrahospitalaria global fue similar en ambos periodos (17.6% vs 16.3%, p=0.539). En el análisis multivariado se encontró que la atención en el segundo periodo de tiempo se asoció a menor mortalidad (OR 0.66 IC95% 0.47; 0.93, p=0.018), a diferencia del aumento de la misma asociado a la edad (OR 1.06 IC95% 1.05; 1.07, p<0.001), sexo masculino (OR 1.84 IC95% 1.33; 2.54 p<0.001), cirrosis (OR 1.89 IC95% 1.24; 2.88, p=0.003), enfermedad renal (OR 1.36 IC95% 1.00; 1.83, p=0.043) y el uso de dexametasona (OR 1.53 IC95% 1.03; 2.28, p=0.031). Conclusiones: La tasa de mortalidad intrahospitalaria se redujo después del 21 de agosto durante la primera ola de la pandemia en Bogotá, posiblemente asociado a la mejoría en la capacidad de respuesta del sistema de salud en ese momento, o a un menor inoculo viral de los pacientes infectados. Estos hallazgos pueden cambiar con la saturación del sistema de salud.