bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antivirális és gyulladásellenes kezelési lehetőségek COVID–19-ben
Authors: Szekanecz Zoltán , Bogos Krisztina , Constantin Tamás , Fülesdi Béla , Müller Veronika , Rákóczi Éva , Várkonyi István , Vályi-Nagy István
Published: August 2021

Összefoglaló. Az új típusú koronavírus-fertőzés (COVID–19) nagy
terhet ró az egészségügyi ellátórendszerre és a társadalomra. A betegségnek
három nagy szakasza van, melyek alapvetően meghatározzák a kezelést. Az I–IIA
fázisban az antivirális, míg a IIB–III. fázisban a gyulladásgátló kezelés áll
előtérben, melyhez intenzív terápiás, szupportív kezelés csatlakozik. A jelen
ajánlás kizárólag a gyógyszeres kezelésre vonatkozik, és a rendelkezésre álló
bizonyítékok alapján foglalja össze a terápiás lehetőségeket. Emellett egy
javasolt kezelési algoritmust is tartalmaz. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(17):
643–651.

Summary. The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) places a heavy
burden on the health care system and our society. There are three major stages
in the disease that fundamentally determine treatment approaches. Phases I–IIA
require primarily antiviral treatment. In phases IIB–III, anti-inflammatory
treatment is needed accompanied by intensive and supportive care. This
recommendation applies only to pharmacotherapy and summarizes the therapeutic
options based on the available evidence. It also includes a proposed treatment
algorithm. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(17): 643–651.
A gyermekkori koronavírus-fertőzést követő sokszervi gyulladás diagnosztikája és kezelése
Authors: Constantin Tamás , Andrási Noémi , Ponyi Andrea , Goschler Ádám , Ablonczy László , Kincs Judit , Csóka Monika , Egyed Bálint , Horváth Zsuzsanna , Kalocsai Krisztina , Káposzta Rita , Kardics Kinga , Kemény Viktória , Mosdósi Bernadett , Pék Tamás , Szabó Zsófia , Tóth Attila , Tory Kálmán , Tölgyesi Andrea , Ónozó Beáta , Vágó Hajnalka , Vilmányi Csaba , Peter Weiser , Szekanecz Zoltán , Kovács Gábor , Szabó Attila
Published: August 2021

Összefoglaló. A SARS-CoV-2-fertőzés ritka gyermekkori szövődménye a
sokszervi gyulladás, angol terminológiával paediatric inflammatory multisystem
syndrome (PIMS). Két vagy több szerv érintettségével járó, súlyos tünetekkel
induló betegségről van szó, amelynek tünetei átfedést mutatnak a
Kawasaki-betegséggel, a toxikus sokk szindrómával és a makrofágaktivációs
szindrómával. A PIMS-betegek intenzív terápiás osztályon vagy intenzív terápiás
háttérrel rendelkező intézményben kezelendők, ahol biztosítottak a kardiológiai
ellátás feltételei is. A szükséges immunterápia a klinikai prezentációtól függ.
A jelen közleményben a szerzők a releváns nemzetközi irodalom áttekintését
követően ajánlást tesznek a PIMS diagnosztikai és terápiás algoritmusára. Orv
Hetil. 2021; 162(17): 652–667.

Summary. Pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS) is a
rare complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. PIMS is a severe
condition, involving two or more organ systems. The symptoms overlap with
Kawasaki disease, toxic shock syndrome and macrophage activation syndrome. PIMS
patients should be treated in an intensive care unit or in an institution with
an intensive care background, where cardiological care is also provided. The
required specific immunotherapy depends on the clinical presentation. In this
paper, after reviewing the relevant international literature, the authors make a
recommendation for the diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm for PIMS. Orv Hetil.
2021; 162(17): 652–667.
The efficiency of various household processing for removing chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin in Chinese kale and Pakchoi
Authors: Tongjai Phannika , Hongsibsong Surat , Sapbamrer Ratana
Published: August 2021

The vegetables, Chinese kale and Pakchoi, which are popular among the Thai people, are found to have problems with residues of pesticide. The pesticide residues in both Kale and Pakchoi were chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin. This research was to study the efficiency of pesticide residue reduction in Chinese kale and Pakchoi samples by using various household wash processing. The process included washing with normal water, 0.10% NaCl, baking soda, water flowing, and blanching. Pesticide residues were extracted from Chinese kale and Pakchoi to determine the amount of chlorpyriphos and cypermethrin residue by using analytical tools such as Gas Chromatography— Flame Photometric Detector (FPD) and Gas Chromatography—Electron Capture Detector (ECD). The results showed that the household processes for reducing the chlorpyrifos residue in Chinese kale and Pakchoi were the following: residues were reduced by 52.70–65.41%, 58.33–62.14%, 59.46–80.52%, and 46.04–62.85% when washed with normal water, 0.10% NaCl, baking soda, and water flowing through, respectively. Similarly, the household processes for reducing cypermethrin residue in Chinese kale and Pakchoi were the following: residues were reduced by 51.13–66.29%, 33.75–45.65%, 38.14–63.64%, and 44.88–61.63% when washed with normal water, 10% NaCl, baking soda, and water flowing through, respectively. Also, blanching reduced the chlorpyrifos residue by 37.96–50.44% and the cypermethrin residue by 47.86–52.42%. Therefore, while washing vegetables by soaking and dissolving substances, baking soda is the most effective when used for washing for at least 15 min to reduce the residue of pesticides. The consumers should be provided vegetables that are cleaned and have had a proper washing for removing pesticide residues and toxic residues.
Predictors of Wellbeing Among Older Adults Participants of a U3A
Authors: Cachioni Meire , Delfino Lais Lopes , Alonso Vanessa , Yassuda Mônica Sanches , Batistoni Samila Sathler Tavares , Melo Ruth Caldeira , Rodrigues Marisa Accioly Domingues da Costa
Published: August 2021

Abstract This study aimed to identify predictive factors for subjective and psychological well-being in a sample of 265 older adults enrolled in the University of the Third Age (U3A). The scales used were: General Satisfaction with Life Scale and referenced to the domains, Positive and Negative Affect Scale and Personal Development Scale. Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that being 70 or older and male was associated with the subjective well-being and having higher education level was associated with psychological well-being. It was concluded that sociodemographic characteristics of the interviewed elders enrolled in U3A can be important attributes that influence well-being.
Partial replacement of fish meal with Moringa oleifera leaf meal in practical diets of Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings
Authors: Tabassum S. , Hussain S. M. , Ali S. , Arsalan M. Zubair-ul-Hassan , Ahmad B. , Asrar M. , Sharif A.
Published: August 2021

Abstract Fish protein is serving as a source of nutrition for protein starving world. However, sustainable aquaculture products require inexpensive plant by-products due to finite sources of fish meal. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine nutrient utilization, growth performance and hematological indices of Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings fed on Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) based diets. Fish were fed with six isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets having MOLM as a substitute of fish meal (FM) at the levels of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% for the period of 90 days. Fingerlings having initial weight 6.35±0.04g were reared in triplicate tanks at the stocking density of 15 and hand fed at the rate of 5% of total biomass twice regularly. Chromic oxide inclusion level was 1% in diets. After analysis, maximum growth performance and improved digestibility of nutrients were found in fish fed with diet at 10% replacement level as compared to fish fed on control diet and other test diets. Additionally, it was found that the red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration of fish showed a significantly (p<0.05) inverse correlation with the increase in MOLM. In present research, it was concluded that MOLM has good potential to be used as a FM substitute in C. mrigala diet with maximum effect at 10% showing positive hematological indices.
Extraction of chitin from edible crab shells of Callinectes sapidus and comparison with market purchased chitin
Authors: Jabeen F. , Younis T. , Sidra S. , Muneer B. , Nasreen Z. , Saleh F. , Mumtaz S. , Saeed R. F. , Abbas A. S.
Published: August 2021

Abstract Chitin and its derived products have immense economic value due to their vital role in various biological activities as well as biomedical and industrial application. Insects, microorganism and crustaceans are the main supply of chitin but the crustaceans shell like shrimp, krill, lobsters and crabs are the main commercial sources. Chitin content of an individual varies depending on the structures possessing the polymer and the species. In this study edible crabs’ shells (Callinectes sapidus) were demineralized and deproteinized resulting in 13.8% (dry weight) chitin recovery from chitin wastes. FTIR and XRD analyses of the experimental crude as well as purified chitins revealed that both were much comparable to the commercially purchased controls. The acid pretreatment ceded 54g of colloidal chitin that resulted in 1080% of the crude chitin. The colloidal chitin was exploited for isolation of eighty five chitinolytic bacterial isolates from different sources. Zone of clearance was displayed by the thirty five isolates (41.17%) succeeding their growth at pH 7 on colloidal chitin agar medium. Maximum chitinolytic activity i.e. 301.55 U/ml was exhibited by isolate JF70 when cultivated in extracted chitin containing both carbon and nitrogen. The study showed wastes of blue crabs can be utilized for extraction of chitin and isolation of chitinolytic bacteria that can be used to degrade chitin waste, resolve environmental pollution as well as industrial purpose.
EXPOSURE TO TOXIC AGROCHEMICALS AND DEVELOPMENT OF CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS: A SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Costa Nathalia Zorzo , Nora Carlise Rigon Dalla , Souto Lucia Helena Donini , Carlotto Franciela Delazeri , Afonso Richard dos Santos , Riquinho Deise Lisboa
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess whether maternal and paternal exposure to toxic agrochemicals throughout life causes congenital malformations. Method: a scoping review was carried out on the PUBMED, CINAHL, EBSCO, MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO, BDENF, Web of Science and ATHENA databases between August and September 2019 and updated in December 2020. A cohort and case control study were included, which addressed the effects of parents' exposure throughout their lives to toxic agrochemicals which caused congenital malformation outcomes. Results: the review covered 32 studies published between 2005 and 2020. The main malformations presented are related to the reproductive system, nervous system, musculoskeletal system, transverse limb deficiencies, digestive system and other malformations such as fetal growth restrictions, cleft palate and congenital heart disease. The most investigated toxic agrochemicals in the studies were the herbicides represented by atrazine. Conclusion: maternal and paternal exposure to toxic agrochemicals can be associated with greater chances of children being born with congenital malformations, especially those related to the male reproductive system.
Orthodontist and periodontist’s knowledge, attitudes and aspects of clinical practice, regarding fixed lower orthodontic retainers
Authors: COSTA Ruth Suzanne Maximo da , VEDOVELLO Silvia Amélia Scudeler , FURLETTI-GÓES Vivian Fernandes , CUSTODIO William , VENEZIAN Giovana Cherubini
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and aspects of the clinical practice of orthodontists and periodontists, regarding lower fixed orthodontic retainers. Methods: The orthodontists (n=502) and periodontists (n=269) who participated in this cross-sectional observational study received, via e-mail, questions related to the type of lower fixed retainer, dental biofilm accumulation, oral hygiene, and potential periodontal changes. The data were subjected to chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests, at 5% significance level. Results: Both orthodontists (72.3%) and periodontists (58.7%) reported that hygienic retainers accumulate more dental biofilm (p< 0.05), and 64.1% of orthodontists and 58.7% of periodontists considered that modified retainers may lead to periodontal changes (p< 0.05). There was no significant difference between the dental specialties, regarding the type of lower fixed retainer considered the easiest for the patient to perform hygiene (p> 0.05), whereas 48.6% of professionals chose the modified type. Conclusion: The modified retainer accumulates a greater amount of dental biofilm and, in the perception of orthodontists and periodontists, it may cause periodontal changes.
Nuestro año nuevo: comunalización festiva en el Inti Raymi-Machaq Mara del Parque Avellaneda (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Authors: Charlone Pablo Mardones
Published: August 2021

Resumen: El artículo deriva de una etnografía estratégicamente situada, realizada entre 2006 y 2014 (aunque actualizada hasta 2018), sobre la festividad del solticio de invierno quechua-aymara, el Inti Raymi-Machaq Mara, en el Parque Avellaneda de la ciudad de Buenos Aires. A partir de informaciones etnográficas, identifico como esta celebración realizada por migrantes de los Andes centrales constituye un espacio social reconfigurado y novedoso que recrea nuevas territorializaciones a partir de procesos de comunalización constituidos festivamente. Comparando su historia y estado-nacionalización en Bolivia y Perú con su desarrollo en esta metrópolis, propongo abrir el debate sobre el uso del calendario en la región y las consiguientes implicancias de su re-creación a nivel simbólico para los propósitos de reconocimiento social y político.
Dynamic properties of Toyoura sand in reliquefaction tests
Authors: Fardad Amini P. , Huang D. , Wang G.
Published: August 2021

Multiple occurrences of liquefaction in recent earthquake events revealed the importance of studying reliquefaction characteristics of sandy soils. However, there is a lack of knowledge in determining dynamic properties of reliquefied soils. Through a series of hollow cylinder torsional shear tests, this paper presents a first-hand experimental study to investigate the shear modulus reduction and damping of reliquefied Toyoura sand under the integrated effects of strain history and induced anisotropy. Reliquefaction resistance and modulus reduction are highly dependent on strain history and the state of reconsolidation. On the contrary, a unique damping curve was found for all liquefaction and reliquefaction tests. An excess pore-water pressure model was proposed as a function of secant modulus for virgin and moderately preshaken Toyoura sand. Finally, the experimental results were interpreted based on energy concept. For the first time, a relationship between cumulative dissipated energy and cumulative strain energy was proposed for all liquefaction and reliquefaction tests, which can be used to assess liquefaction/reliquefaction resistance in seismic analyses.
Stresses modeling in multilayer semiconductor structures of automobile regulators and predicting the reliability of their operation
Authors: Adarchin S. A. , Kosushki V. G. , Gurin V. M. , Kozhitov L. V. , Vasyutin M. S. , Bybenin V. G.
Published: August 2021

The problems of increasing the reliability of microelectromechanical systems are considered on the example of an automobile voltage regulator. A model of the process is proposed and a study of the effect of temperature on the formation of stress fields in semiconductor structures of active elements of the controller is carried out. The studies assumed of a possible reason for the change in the parameters of the regulator due to the appearance of defects in the crystal structure of the semiconductor material in the structures of integrated voltage regulators. For the study, a mathematical model was proposed that describes the behavior of a semiconductor element of a real car voltage regulator. It was found that the distribution of stresses in the structures is uneven and the maximum value of stresses reaches the edges., An increase in temperature gradients in the structures of regulators leads to the formation of dislocations that change the electrical characteristics of devices. As a result of modeling, it has been established that thermoelastic stresses arising in the process of manufacturing and functioning of semiconductor structures of a regulator in regulators of this type can cause a change in the structure of a semiconductor device due to relaxation of elastic stresses at dislocations. in cars. Measures are proposed, including thermostating of the sensitive elements of microelectromechanical structures, which will increase their service life.
Photonic and terahertz applications as a next driver of gallium arsenide market
Authors: Kulchitskiy N. A. , Naumov A. V. , Startsev V. V.
Published: August 2021

Analysis of current GaAs and related device market initiated in a number of earlier works has been continued. Binary semiconductor GaAs compound is a conventional MW electronics material. Until recently GaAs based HF ICs for mobile phones were among the most rapidly growing segments of GaAs market. However the GaAs market development trend is changing. Photonics and TeraHertz engineering are becoming the new world GaAs market drivers. This means that the current emphasize of GaAs single crystal technologies will shift toward vertical directional crystallization of “optoelectronic quality” crystals. In the medium and longer terms the world GaAs wafer and epitaxial structure markets will continue growing. In the shorter term we all will have to take into account COVID epidemic consequences. Still the GaAs market is closely related to Smartphone market novelties. Quite probably after a long growth period the GaAs market will keep on shrinking for the second consecutive year: GaAs production may decline by 11–12 % in 2020. Assuming that the epidemic will be somehow taken under control in 2021 the overall Smartphone production can probably be expected to grow starting from 2021.Currently the Russian market of semiconductor compounds for photonics and electronic components (GaAs etc.) is but moderate and in predictable terms is not expected to achieve a level that is required for the emergence of a competitive domestic manufacturer, even though all importation replacement programs are accomplished. Meanwhile there is understanding that developing an advanced electronic components industry in Russia requires larger production of source materials.
Mathematical modeling of a self-learning neuromorphic network based on nanosized memristive elements with 1T1R crossbar architecture
Authors: Morozov A. Yu. , Abgaryan K. K. , Reviznikov D. L.
Published: August 2021

Artificial neural networks play an important role in the modern world. Their main field of application is the tasks of recognition and processing of images, speech, as well as robotics and unmanned systems. The use of neural networks is associated with high computational costs. In part, it was this fact that held back their progress, and only with the advent of high-performance computing systems did the active development of this area begin. Nevertheless, the issue of speeding up the work of neural network algorithms is still relevant. One of the promising directions is the creation of analog implementations of artificial neural networks, since analog calculations are performed orders of magnitude faster than digital ones. The memristor acts as the basic element on which such systems are built. A memristor is a resistance, the conductivity of which depends on the total charge passed through it. Combining them into a matrix (crossbar) allows one layer of artificial synapses to be implemented at the hardware level. Traditionally, the STDP method based on Hebb’s rule has been used as an analog learning method. In this work, we are modeling a two-layer fully connected network with one layer of synapses. The memristive effect can manifest itself in different substances (mainly in different oxides), so it is important to understand how the characteristics of memristors will affect the parameters of the neural network. Two oxides are considered: titanium oxide (TiO2) and hafnium oxide (HfO2). For each oxide, a parametric identification of the corresponding mathematical model is performed to best fit the experimental data. The neural network is tuned depending on the oxide used and the process of training it to recognize five patterns is simulated.
Цифровая экономика: 2019
Authors: Абдрахманова Гульнара , Вишневский Константин , Гохберг Леонид , Демьянова Анна , Дранев Юрий , Дьяченко Екатерина , Ковалева Галина , Коцемир Максим , Кузнецова Ирина , Ратай Татьяна , Рыжикова Зинаида , Стрельцова Екатерина , Суслов Антон , Фридлянова Светлана , Фурсов Константин , Ковалева Наталья , Рудь Виталий
Published: August 2021

Краткий статистический сборник содержит основные индикаторы развития цифровой экономики в России. Приводятся сведения об использовании информационно-коммуникационных технологий (ИКТ) населением и в бизнесе, развитии электронного государства. Представлены показатели, характеризующие кадры цифровой экономики, рынок телекоммуникаций, деятельность сектора ИКТ. По ряду индикаторов приведены международные сопоставления. В сборнике использованы материалы Минкомсвязи России, Росстата, Минобрнауки России, Банка России, ОЭСР, Евростата, ООН, Международного союза электросвязи, Всемирной организации интеллектуальной собственности, а также разработки Института статистических исследований и экономики знаний (ИСИЭЗ) Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики» (НИУ ВШЭ).
Investigation of the Influence of Internal Control System Factors on the Financial Stability of Companies (Review)
Authors: Ponomareva Larisa
Published: August 2021

Annotation. The quality of the internal control system can have a significant impact on decision-making by users of financial information and on the negative economic consequences of the organization's economic activities (bankruptcy, fictitious audit reports, etc.). The author suggests that these consequences are typical for Russian organizations due to their poor study of the factors that affect the system of internal control of organizations. The study reviewed 30 foreign (China, USA and Europe) publications indexed in Scopus and Web of Science on the problem of the influence of external and internal factors on the internal control system of organizations. Based on the results of the analysis of the literature, external and internal factors have been identified that affect the internal control system, which are characteristic of Russian organizations. In addition, the prospects for studying these factors for the internal control system of Russian organizations are outlined.
PBMC Isolation & Cryopreservation from Whole Blood v1
Authors: not provided cecilia , Sette Alessandro
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this procedure is to isolate and cryopreserve peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC's) from 30 mL of freshly drawn whole blood.
Effects of Prohexadione Calcium Applications on Growth and Yield Characteristics of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Başak Hakan
Published: August 2021

This study was conducted to determine the effects of growth regulator prohexadione calcium (Pro-Ca) and inhibitor gibberellic acid on some parameters (yield, pigment levels of leaves, nutrient contents, proline, enzyme activities and fruit quality) when applied at different doses (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 mg L-1). Chemicals were applied after transplanting seedlings. A total of 12 plots including 3 plants for each dose were used in randomised plot experimental design. Although it has a positive effect on leaf proline content and enzyme activities, 45, and 60 mg L-1 doses of Pro-Ca had negative effects on morphological parameters (excluding stem diameter), yield, leaf pigment (excluding chlorophyll a) and nutrient contents compared to control. High Pro-Ca doses generally affected the fruit quality properties positively while 15 mg L-1 of Pro-Ca did not affect other parameters, except decreasing fruit yield. A 30 mg L-1 of Pro-Ca dose was the most positive effective dose on the examined parameters. The highest vegetative development, yield, nutrient uptake and proline content were obtained from the plants subjected to 30 mg L-1 of Pro-Ca dose. Moreover, this dose increased fruit firmness, TSS, EC values and enzyme activities compared to control. Being an important quality criterion in cucumber storage after harvest, the weight loss rate 29.4% was lower in fruits obtained from the plant having 30 mg L-1 of Pro-Ca dose compared to that of the control plants. Therefore, 30 mg L-1 of Pro-Ca application, beside its positive effects on plant growth, yield and fruit quality, can be suggested for also increase shelf life of fruits in cucumber cultivation in greenhouse.
Leveraging on Multidisciplinary Expertise for Landslide Disaster Risk Reduction and Management: A Case Study of a Limestone Hill Rockfall Hazard Assessment, Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia
Authors: Mohamed Zainab , Rafek Abd Ghani , Zhang Mingwei , Chen Yanlong , Goh Thian Lai , Azahari Khamarrul , Mohamad Zakaria
Published: August 2021

The United Nations Development Program agenda 2030 has charted out seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) whereby Malaysia as a member has strategically set the platform for growth. From the seventeen agendas, the SDG 9 (built resilient, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation) and SDG 11 (make cities and human settlements inclusive, resilient, and sustainable) requires a paradigm shift from conventional engineering approach for environmentally induced disasters. Leveraging multidisciplinary ability and information and communications technology (ICT) in the landslide disaster studies had enabled regional-scale information acquirement for hazards identification, exposure, and risk assessment to meet the goals. The investigated limestone hill, Batu Caves is located within the suburban city of Kuala Lumpur. The land use around the hill is extensive and the area is highly populated with encroachment to the toe of the limestone hill. The purpose of the risk study was to assess the limestone hill’s stability and hazards and the exposure that may lead to the vulnerability of the residences and commercial activities at and around the hill. Therefore, an engineering risk assessment study was carried out to determine rock fall hazard potential. The Terrestrial Laser Scanning survey was utilized to obtain the hillside’s cross section. Discontinuity mapping was conducted to identify rock block size and rock slope was analyzed using rock mass classification system to determine rock slope quality. The rockfall analysis was conducted to identify rock rollout distance and produce rock fall hazard maps. The Slope Mass Rating for the slope BC1A, Parcel 1, Batu Caves was determined as 61, and is classified as a partially stable. The maximum rollout distance at this slope was 11 m. This illustrates the practical output of this study that can be applied for mitigation and future development of the area.
Expired Platelet Concentrate as a Source of Human Platelet Lysate for Xenogeneic-Free Culture of Human Dermal Fibroblasts
Authors: Hassan Muhammad Najib Fathi Bin , Yap Zheng Yie , Tang Yee Loong , Ng Min Hwei , Law Jia Xian
Published: August 2021

Dermal fibroblasts have been used clinically to promote wound healing and to reduce wrinkles. Most of the time, fetal bovine serum (FBS) is used for the expansion of fibroblasts. In addition, chemically defined medium can also be used for fibroblast expansion. Nonetheless, both FBS and chemically defined medium are not ideal to culture cells that will be used clinically as FBS has the risk of pathogen transmission and induction of xenogeneic immune response whilst chemically defined medium is extremely expensive. In this study, we examine the potential of using human platelet lysate (hPL) prepared from expired platelet concentrates to culture human dermal fibroblasts. For the experiments, fibroblasts were cultured with 5 and 10% hPL, with 10% FBS as the control group to compare the cell morphology, viability, growth rate, extracellular matrix gene expression and wound healing. Results showed that fibroblasts cultured with hPL were more elongated and smaller in size. The cell viability was higher than 90% for all groups. Expansion with 10% hPL significantly shorten the population doubling time compared to the 5% hPL and 10% FBS groups. However, fibroblasts cultured with hPL have lower expression of type I collagen, type III collagen and fibronection as well as slower wound closure. In summary, hPL has the potential to be used as a serum substitute for FBS to expand fibroblasts as it significantly increases the cell proliferation. However, further studies are required to determine if the changes in the ECM gene expression and migration of the hPL-expanded fibroblasts will affect the efficacy of the cells in promoting in vivo wound healing.
Evaluating the Potential of Pyriproxyfen Dissemination using Mosquito Home System against Aedes albopictus at a Dengue Hotspot Area
Authors: Mohd Ngesom Ahmad Mohiddin , Wasi Ahmad Nazni , Lee Han Lim , Md Lasim Asmalia , Greenhalgh David , Sahani Mazrura , Hod Rozita , Othman Hidayatulfathi
Published: August 2021

Aedes mosquitoes were found to lay their eggs in the cryptic breeding sites. Eliminating cryptic and open breeding sites is essential in reducing dengue virus transmission. However, it is often challenging for health officers to assess these breeding sites which are usually missed during larval surveillance. The autodissemination approach may produce a better outcome by manipulating female mosquitoes to disperse insecticide to other Aedes spp. mosquito habitats. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the pyriproxyfen autodissemination technique using Mosquito Home System against the population of mosquitoes. This study was conducted in Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. The Mosquito Home System was deployed to control Aedes spp. populations at treatment sites using before-after-control-impact (BACI) design. The presence of pyriproxyfen distribution was confirmed using the WHO larval bioassay which resulted in 10-35% larvae mortalities. Autodissemination of pyriproxyfen significantly reduced the population size of mosquito eggs (p<0.05), larvae (p<0.05), and ovitrap index (p<0.05) at the treatment areas compared to the control areas. Moreover, rainfall was correlated positively against ovitrap index (r = 0.247), larvae (r = 0.420), and eggs (r = 0.422). The study provides promising results for controlling Aedes spp. populations and also highlights the potentials of this technique as an alternative in vector control programmes. However, further studies on larger scale field trials are warranted.
Prática de atividade física de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica: estudo transversal
Authors: Matozinhos Isabela Penido , Costa Gustavo Henrique Soares , Moreira Francielly Stephanie , Sampaio Francielly Alves , Silva Thales Philipe Rodrigues da , Penido Matozinhos Fernanda
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: avaliar a prática de Atividade Física de pacientes submetidos à Cirurgia Bariátrica, além de identificar os fatores associados à inatividade física.Método: estudo longitudinal, com 307 pacientes adultos submetidos à bariátrica nos anos de 2012 a 2014 em um hospital geral de Minas Gerais. A prática de atividade física (>150 minutos/semana) após o procedimento cirúrgico foi considerada como variável desfecho deste estudo.  As magnitudes das associações foram estimadas pelas odds ratio pelo modelo logístico longitudinal.Resultados: houve redução da chance de inatividade física nos pacientes de cor de pele amarela ou indígena e aumento da chance de inatividade física nos pacientes que referiram percepção ruim ou muito ruim do estado de saúde e com aumento do índice de massa corporal. Conclusão: houve associação da cirurgia com a prática de atividade, a qual deve ser incentivada, visto que favorece a mudança de hábitos, englobando os âmbitos físico, psicológico e social do indivíduo.
A fault model with variable slip duration for the 1989 Loma Prieta, California, earthquake determined from strong-ground-motion data
Authors: Horton Stephen
Published: August 2021

A finite-fault model with variable slip duration is inferred from strong-ground-motion data for the Loma Prieta earthquake. Unlike previous models, slip duration is found to be consistent with fault width scaling. Slip duration varies between 1 and 6 sec at points along the fault surface with values between 3 and 6 sec, where slip amplitudes obtain or exceed the average slip of 98 cm. Modest high-frequency modifications of the slip function shape greatly enhance the data fit without significantly changing the inferred static offset or rupture characteristics. This model exhibits bilateral rupture with the propagation rate of the main energy release of 3 km/sec or less. The moment is 2.3 × 1026 dyne-cm, and the largest slip amplitudes occur northwest of the hypocenter. The rake varies with position along the fault from dominantly strike slip in the southeast to dominantly reverse slip in the northwest.
Reliable and economical high-temperature deep-borehole seismic recording
Authors: Manov Derek V. , Abercrombie Rachel E. , Leary Peter C.
Published: August 2021

Recording earthquakes with borehole seismometers has become increasingly popular in recent years as the advantages in noise reduction and also the distorting effects of near-surface rocks, especially sediments, have become well known. Borehole recording can be extremely complex, involving active sensors, special cables, and downhole electronics. Such installations, however, are often not very reliable at the high temperatures reached in active tectonic areas at depths of 1 km and greater. Here we describe a simple and reliable system for 3-component recording of local earthquakes at single and multiple depths greater than 1.5 km and temperatures up to 120°C. Our system was designed and developed for experiments in the Cajon Pass Scientific Drillhole of Southern California. The borehole packages are made of titanium with spring-loaded clamping, allowing easy retrieval. Standard seven-conductor oil-well logging cables are used together with a specially designed cablehead. The data recorded have been used for investigating earthquake source scaling, attenuation in the mid-crust, and also near-surface site effects.
Fault-slip distribution of the 1995 Colima-Jalisco, Mexico, earthquake
Authors: Mendoza C. , Hartzell S.
Published: August 2021

Broadband teleseismic P waves have been analyzed to recover the rupture history of the large (MS 7.4) Colima-Jalisco, Mexico, shallow interplate thrust earthquake of 9 October 1995. Ground-displacement records in the period range of 1-60 sec are inverted using a linear, finite-fault waveform inversion procedure that allows a variable dislocation duration on a prescribed fault. The method is applied using both a narrow fault that simulates a line source with a dislocation window of 50 sec and a wide fault with a possible rise time of up to 20 sec that additionally allows slip updip and downdip from the hypocenter. The line-source analysis provides a spatio-temporal image of the slip distribution consisting of several large sources located northwest of the hypocenter and spanning a range of rupture velocities. The two-dimensional finite-fault inversion allows slip over this rupture-velocity range and indicates that the greatest coseismic displacement (3-4 m) is located between 70 and 130 km from the hypocenter at depths shallower than about 15 km. Slip in this shallow region consists of two major sources, one of which is delayed by about 10 sec relative to a coherent propagation of rupture along the plate interface. These two slip sources account for about one-third of the total P-wave seismic moment of 8.3 × 1027 dyne-cm (Mw 7.9) and may have been responsible for the local tsunami observed along the coast following the earthquake.
DIAN-TU ARGENTINA. A great human story of a small group of people
Authors: Chrem-Mendez Patricio , Bagnati Pablo
Published: August 2021

Alzheimer’s disease is, by far the first, cause of dementia and the more frequent neurodegenerative disease. Considered as a result of multifactorial causes, aging is the main risk factor for the classical form of the disease and because of global aging, a very significant increase in the prevalence is expected in the upcoming decades, especially in countries in development. Several drugs with different targets have been tried so far and, still with no success. Frenzied efforts seeking a new disease-modifying drug are constantly being pursued and innovative models of the clinical trials have emerged. The DIAN initiative studies individuals with known mutations in the deterministic genes of the disease. Autosomal Dominantly Alzheimer Disease (ADAD) showed to be a more predictable model in terms of whom and when will get the disease. This allows testing novel therapeutics agents by choosing the drug according to the biological moment of the disease. But ADAD is also a uniquely human story full of courage and hope. The DIAN trial has started in Argentina and a new anti-tau age has begun as well.
Vivir juntos: Acceso en 7 obras arquitectónicas de arte contemporáneo de París
Authors: Gallardo Frias Laura , Román Manzo Paulina
Published: August 2021

El acceso es clave en las obras arquitectónicas destinadas al arte contemporáneo. Para revisar el acceso, se propone una metodología basada en seis puntos: entorno, fachada, plano-suelo, plano-cielo, entrada y vestíbulo, donde, por medio de un corpus de imágenes y textos, se analizan siete obras de París: Pompidou, Fondation-Cartier, Le-Plateau, MACVAL, Centquatre, Palais-de-Tokyo y Fondation-Louis-Vuitton. Finalmente se sintetizan aspectos clave que pueden contribuir al análisis, proyectación y remodelación de obras arquitectónicas que cobijan arte contemporáneo: museos, centros de arte y centros culturales, entre otros. Así, se pone de manifiesto el potencial de este pequeño método de análisis que puede ser utilizado para otros casos de estudio, debido a la relevancia de los puntos propuestos en su vinculación con la ciudad, el barrio y visitantes, además de sus propias relaciones abiertas a distintas posibilidades que requieren de una constante reflexión e investigación que potencie su vivir juntos.
The COVID-19 vaccine evidence gap: Decisions without data for pregnant and breastfeeding women
Authors: Johnston Amy
Published: August 2021

On March 11th, 2020, the Word Health Organization officially declared the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak a pandemic, setting in motion an unprecedented modern-day global public health response [1, 2]. Since that time, COVID-19’s impact has been wide-reaching and complex; influenced by a diverse set of biologic, clinical, psychologic, and sociodemographic factors [3, 4]. Indeed, not all members of society are at equal risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection or experiencing severe infection-related outcomes [3, 4]. For example, older adults and individuals with comorbid conditions (e.g., cardiovascular disease) are at increased risk for severe disease [5]. Further, males are at higher risk of serious COVID-19 outcomes compared to females, underscoring the importance of including sex as a fundamental variable in the design and conduct of COVID-19 research [6]. Certainly, without sex-disaggregated data, it is impossible to know if, or to what extent, sex-specific approaches to the care and prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection should be employed [7].
Moving Forward with Virtual Care: Lessons for the Post COVID-19 Era
Authors: Saad Ammar
Published: August 2021

On March 11th 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic [1,2]. We had realized the gravity of the situation before but, until that day, did not comprehend how our reality was about to change for the foreseeable future. Following that declaration, most countries and states implemented strict public health restrictions to contain the spread of the virus and decrease its mortality rate by enforcing physical distancing measures. Albeit effective, such measures did not come without consequences on the quality of life and wellbeing of people worldwide [3]. Social isolation, loneliness, loss of employment and income, and housing instability were some of the adverse events that arose during what we call “the lockdown” [4,5]. A friend of mine who had migrated to Canada from a war-torn zone felt the magnitude of this lockdown. “It’s like moving from one prison to another” he explained, reminiscing about a time he was forced to stay home to avoid the unforgiving jaws of man-made conflict.
The path to improving equitable access to healthcare in Canada
Authors: Brandts-Longtin Olivier
Published: August 2021

If Canada were judged on its ability to provide accessible, equal and timely healthcare to all its citizens, it would receive a failing grade. Out of eleven countries studied in the 2017 Commonwealth Fund report, Canada was ranked second last for overall access to care, and last for timeliness of care [1]. Access is a multifactorial issue, but two key problems that arise are wait times, and equitability. It is widely acknowledged that Canadians need to wait a long time for many health interventions, but it can often erroneously be assumed that equal access and affordability are no longer issues in a universal healthcare system. Evidence demonstrates that this is wishful thinking. As we deal with the Covid 19 pandemic, these challenges protrude in an already failing system.
The Subtle and Silent Issue in Older Adult Care
Authors: Fu Sarah
Published: August 2021

The treatment of elders in the community and ageism in our society has been an issue often underlooked. However, since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, poor treatment of elders in the community and long term care homes has been brought to light. During the beginning of the pandemic, long term care homes in Canada accounted for around 80% of all COVID-19 related mortalities [1]. This situation is due to an amalgamation of factors leading towards the ultimate neglect of the elderly population, including the governance of long term care homes in Canada, the stigma against the elderly population, and the commonly misconceived clinical picture of a ‘frail’ senior by the medical community.
Une langue différente, une expérience différente de la santé
Authors: Miron-Celis Marcel
Published: August 2021

Il est estimé qu’environ 8 millions des Canadiens, soit 23% de la population canadienne, s’identifient comme francophones (1). De ces 8 millions, près d’un million vivent en situation minoritaire, dispersés dans des régions majoritairement anglophones tels que l’Ontario, les maritimes, les provinces de l’ouest et les régions du nord canadien (1). En tant que minorités linguistiques, les Franco-canadiens ne sont pas étrangers aux inégalités qui assaillent le tissu social au Canada. Bien qu’il existe peu de recherche récente à ce sujet, il est bien connu que les communautés francophones dans un contexte minoritaire ont tendance à être moins scolarisées, moins nombreuses sur le marché du travail, ont un revenu moyen moins élevé que la population anglophone et se concentrent souvent à des endroits marqués par une économie instable (2).  Étant donné le faible statut socioéconomique des Canadiens français en situation minoritaire, il n’est pas surprenant de constater que ces individus rapportent une perception individuelle de leur santé plus basse que les anglophones majoritaires (3).
Analysis of causes of maternal mortality in tertiary care center, 11 years study
Authors: Saravade Vandana R. , Ansari Munira , Shinde Ganesh
Published: August 2021

Background: Objectives to study the causes of maternal mortality and the complications leading to maternal death.Methods: A retrospective study of hospital records and death summaries of all maternal death over a period of 11 years from January 2008 to December 2018 was carried out at tertiary care hospital, Mumbai.Results: There were a total of 459 maternal death out of 36930 live birth giving maternal mortality rate mean maternal mortality ratio (MMR) of 1242 per 100000 live births. Unregistered and late referral account for maternal death. The majority of women were in 21-30 years age group in 20 to less than 37 weeks of pregnancy. The commonest cause of death was due to hepatitis infection 129 (28.1%), sepsis 52 (11.32%), PIH including eclampsia 46 (10.02%), cardiovascular diseases 33 (7.18%), haemorrhage 31 (6.75%), Kochs 31 (6.75%) and respiratory diseases 22 (4.79%).Conclusions: Maternal mortality can be reduced by identifying causes which are preventable and giving timely treatment.
Changing trends of causative factors in antenatal mothers with bad obstetric history: a retrospective study
Authors: W. B. Anu Bhargavi , R. Sailatha , C. R. Anuradha
Published: August 2021

Background: The death of an infant, in utero or after birth has been a devastating experience for parents and clinicians alike. Various efforts are being made to make an accurate diagnosis of such pregnancy losses at the earliest to prevent the emotional and physical stress that the woman undergoes. This study aims to assess the changing trends in risk factors and outcome of pregnancies in cases of bad obstetric history (BOH) and to identify the newly emerging maternal and fetal factors contributing to incidence of pregnancy loss.Methods: This study is a retrospective analysis of antenatal women with BOH attending the obstetrics and gynecology OPD at Chettinad hospital. The study was conducted during a time period of 1 year (May 2019 to May 2020).Results: The medical complications and underlying causes for BOH were analysed among the study group. Out of 41 women, 6 were diagnosed to have gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), 8 were found to be hypertensive and 1 APLA positive. Neonatal mortality was encountered in 2 cases, attributing to Inborn error of metabolism. However, the cause for BOH remained unexplained in 3 individuals.Conclusions: A full work-up can be initiated after two consecutive losses to identify and treat the various causes responsible for BOH. Lot of further studies and research are being conducted to unravel the mystery in these cases. Despite these efforts, the male factors contributing to recurrent pregnancy loss have remained largely unexplored.
An observational study to assess feto-maternal outcome in severely ill COVID-19 positive pregnant females admitted at dedicated COVID care center of southern Rajasthan
Authors: Meena Pooja , Verma Savitri , Jorwal Ayush , Gandhi Sudha , Tvinwal Sangeeta
Published: August 2021

Background: COVID-19 infection is caused by corona virus SARS-COV2. the aim of the study is to assess feto-maternal outcome in severely ill covid positive pregnant females.Methods: An observational study was conducted at dedicated covid care center, RNT medical college Udaipur from Jan 2021 to May 2021 among pregnant females. In this study out of 236 total covid positive pregnant patients, 54 patients which could not maintain oxygen saturation, according to NIH criteria were included in our study.Results: Out of 54 pregnant women, 24 women delivered with 2 twin pregnancies. Out of this 67% underwent cesarean section and 33% were delivered by vaginal route. Postpartum hemorrhage seen in 29% of patients. Maternal death reported in 39% of patients. Out of 54 patients 38 patients were admitted in ICU. Invasive ventilation received by 26% of patients while oxygen received by non-invasive ventilation (15%), Bains (18%) rest by NRBM and venturi mask (41%). Remdesivir were given in 26 (48%) patients.Conclusions: Our study suggests there may be increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcome for mother and fetus. COVID-19 in pregnancy was associated with risks of pre-eclampsia, stillbirth, preterm birth, PPH. Similar to general population comorbidities do play a role in the outcome of disease in pregnancy. Further studies are needed for effective strategies to prevent adverse outcomes in pregnant females with COVID-19.