bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF FRESH AND MINIMALLY PROCESSED BANANA INFLORESCENCE
Authors: Das Ankan , Dhua R. S.
Published: November 2021

Banana inflorescence though a high valued vegetable, but its difficulty in extraction of flowers for cooking, restricts its consumption and popularity. Therefore, in order to get a solution from this problematic condition the experiment was conducted with an aim to develop banana inflorescence which would be fresh as well as minimally processed so they can be used instantly. In the present experiment ‘Kanthali’ variety for banana inflorescence was used. The bracts were separated and banana flowers were carefully removed and thereafter they were treated with various chemicals like calcium chloride, citric acid, calcium hypochlorite and even their combinations were also used. The dipping time of the banana inflorescence in the treatments was of around 10 minutes, then after keeping the treated materials under a fan in the laboratory for few minutes they were prepacked and storage was carried in refrigerated condition of 7+20 C temperature and 80-85% relative humidity. The treatments were replicated 3 times and observations for different attributes were carried at different days of storage. From the experiment it was concluded that banana inflorescence treated with combination of calcium hypochlorite, calcium chloride and citric acid was found most superior in retaining various physical and chemical properties and was with least microbial damage throughout the storage period.
POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF INDIAN SPICES ON HUMAN HEALTH: A REVIEW
Authors: . Madhu , Singh Neetu
Published: November 2021

apply plant remedy for centuries, but only currently have scientist begun to the study powers of general herbs and spices. In the present set-up, the anti-proliferative, anti-hypercholesterolemia, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory effects of spices are dominant importance, as the key health hesitation of mankind. Some disease as like diabetes, cardio-vascular diseases, arthritis and cancer are more prevalence diseases. Spices and their active substances which is used as possible preventive agents for health disorders. Spices are a good sources of antioxidants, and scientific studies suggest that they are also effective inhibitors of tissue damage and inflammation caused by high levels of blood sugar and circulating lipids. Because spices are mostly low calorie providing and are relatively inexpensive also, they are reliable sources of antioxidants and other potential bioactive compounds in diet. In this review, overall the role of few more important spices which are used in the Indian dishes for its flavor and taste their potential uses as a medicine to maintain a health.
DEVELOPMENT AND SENSORY EVALUATION OF FUNCTIONAL PROBIOTIC YOGURT FORTIFICATION WITH PAPAYA PULP
Authors: . Madhu , Neetu Singh
Published: November 2021

Probiotic yogurt is defined as a live microbial food ingredient that confers a health benefit on the consumer. Probiotic yogurt fortification with papaya pulps, increase the metabolic activities and absorption process of gut flora in intestine, and enhance the sensory properties. Functional foods to promote gut health because gut is a target for the development of functional foods, because it acts as an interface between the diet and all other body functions. One of the most promising areas for the development of functional food components lies in the use of probiotics and prebiotics to modify the composition and the metabolic activity of the gut micro flora. Objectives: overall main target of the research work was to developed functional probiotic yogurt, and fortified with Papaya pulps which is a prebiotic and also a vitamin ‘C’ rich fruits and their sensory evaluations for consumer acceptability. Methodology: live probiotic bacteria powder are used as culture for making probiotic yogurt and 2. Extracted papaya pulps from papaya fruits and then Probiotic yogurt fortified with papaya pulp in 5 different ratios- 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% finally developed functional probiotic yogurt fortification with guava pulps. 9 point hedonic rating scale are used for sensory evaluations. Result: there was no significant difference in results fortified with different ratios of papaya pulps but showed little better ratios of 30% and 40% papaya pulps as comparisons to 10% and 20% ratios of papaya pulps. Conclusion: optimization of the desirable properties of the 30 and 40 would increase utilization and acceptance of functional probiotic yogurt fortification with papaya pulps
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY STUDIES ON PLECTRANTHUS- AN IMPORTANT BEE FORAGE PLANT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH, INDIA
Authors: Jamwal Radhika
Published: November 2021

The present investigations were conducted on two important nectar and pollen yielding plants viz. Plecranthus coesta and Plecranthus rugosus from different agro-climatic zones of Himachal Pradesh. The bee forage plants were collected, identified, classified and diffentiating characters of two species were noted. Apart from this, pollen grains of P. coesta and P. rugosus were also studied using light and scanning electron microscope. The pollen grains were observed in terms of aggregation, shape, shape class, size, aperture, polarity, symmetry, surface pattern/exine complexity. Both P. coesta and P. rugosus had solitary medium sized, hexacolpate, isopolar and radially symmetric grains. However, the pollen grain of two species varies in shape and exine complexity. P. coesta pollens were round/ circular and were prolate, whereas in P. rugosus pollens were round/oval and subprolate-prolate. Variation was also found in the exine complexity of the two species. Exine was tectate, tectum was nearly reticulate / scabrate in P. coesta. But in P. rugosus and exine was either tectate or semitectate, tectum was reticulate, microreticulate.
EFFECT OF BIOFERTILIZATION AND SOME SINAI’S FLORA EXTRACTS ON THE VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND YIELD OF BROAD BEAN
Authors: Mansour Mohamed A. I. , Bolok Darin M.R.El- , Mansy Ahmed B. El-
Published: November 2021

Broad bean plants (Vicia faba L.) were cultivated in two field experiments at the Experimental Station of the Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, North Sinai, Egypt, during 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 seasons under North Sinai condition, to study the effect of soil application of some biofertilizers and foliar spray with some wild plant extracts on broad bean plants. Biofertilizer treatments contained combination of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) + Trichoderma harzianum + Rhizobium leguminosarum. Three wild plant extracts treatments; i.e., Qeysoom Gebeli (Achillea fragrantissima L.), Harmal (Peganum harmala L.) and Mitnaan (Thymelaea hirsute L.) were sprayed on plants. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates in split plot system. The results indicated that biofertilizers had significant effected of all studied traits in both seasons. Foliar spraying of Thymelaea hirsute extract had the highest stimulation effects on spores count, root colonization, mycorrhizal status, and weight of non-active nodules, broad bean plant growth characters; i.e. stem length, number of branches per plant, leaf area, and shoot fresh and dry weight as well as both of fresh and dry weight of roots. Both of Thymelaea hirsute and Achillea fragrantissima extracts combined with biofertilizer treatment had significant effects on yield and its components (pod length, number of pods per plant, average pod weight total yield per plant, and weight of seeds per pod) in both seasons. The combination between Thymelaea hirsute and biofertilizer was the superior interaction treatment of this study.
PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY OF STEM BARK EXTRACT OF CALOTROPIS GIGANTEA LINN
Authors: Kumar Harish , Sharma Sunil , Vasudeva Neeru
Published: November 2021

The present study aims to screen the preliminary photochemical present in the stem bark extracts of Calotropis gigantea. Calotropis gigantea Linn. is prevalently known as the aak, swallow-wort or milkweed. In the traditional system of medicine, the plant is used as one of the most important drugs to treat different diseases. The results showed the presence of phytochemical active compounds of alkaloids, flavanoids, glycosides, phenolics compounds, tannins, saponins, sterols, proteins, and amino acids in the stem bark extracts. Medicinal plants are the key source of bioactive compounds such as phenolics, tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids which have been demonstrated in vitro to show anti-diabetic properties
FOUR NEW REPORTS OF WOOD-ROTTING CORTICIOID FUNGI FROM INDIA
Authors: Ram Ellu , Singh Avneet Pal , Kaur Ramandeep , Dhingra Gurpaul Singh
Published: November 2021

Four corticioid species, Botryohypochnus verrucisporus Burds. & Gilb., Corticium meridioroseum Boidin & Lanq., Odonticium flabelliradiatum (J. Erikss. & Hjortstam) Zmitr., and Rhizoctonia amygdalispora (Hauerslev, P. Roberts & Å. Strid) Oberw., R. Bauer, Garnica & R. Kirschner, new to India are described and illustrated. These species are recorded based on the material collected from the Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh (India)
EFFECT OF COW URINE TREATMENT ON PLANT GROWTH AND ANTI-MICROBIAL ACTIVITY ON GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L.
Authors: Krishnaveni S. , Mamatha M.
Published: November 2021

In Hindu culture, the cow is treated as a divine animal. Cow's urine, cow dung and Milk are utilized for different purposes. Cow's urine has been utilized as an enhancer of plant growth and an antifungal agent for the current study. The plant selected for this study Gossypium hirsutum L.(cotton).The plant was grown utilizing various concentrations of cow urine, such as 0% (control), 1:10, 1:5, 1:1 for 90 days. Various parameters for example leaf area, shoot length, plant height, root length, as well as biomass of the plant have been monitored. The antifungal activity has been studied by utilizing different concentrations of cow urine against (Alternaria macrospora) using agar diffusion method. Among all the concentrations, the 1:1 concentration showed maximum plant growth compared to other two concentrations. On the other hand, 1:5, 1:10 concentrations showed more antifungal activity. The conclusion of this study found that cow urine can be utilized as a growth enhancer of plant and has antifungal properties.A
ETHNO MEDICINAL STUDIES WITH SPECIAL REFERANCE TO DAMOR TRIBE IN SARTHUNA VILLAGE OF DISTRICT DUNGARPUR IN SOUTH RAJASTHAN INDIA
Authors: Shrimali Neeraj Kumar , Rana Shafkat , Kavi Mehta
Published: November 2021

Damor is a specific tribe which is exclusively found in the Tehsil Simalwara of district Dungrpur (Southern Rajasthan) About 30 villages are dominated by the Damor tribe with overall population of 40 thousand. They claim themselves as a descended of Rajput (a ruler community of India). Agriculture and animal husbandry is the major part of their economy. The ethnic tribe is still unaffected by urbanization. Traditional herbal therapies are an integral part of their lifestyle because of their close proximity with nature. The present study is focused on particular village Sarthuna which is considered as a one of the big village of Tehsil Simalwara, dominated by Damor tribe. An ethno medicinal survey of village Sarthuna was conducted in between month of October to December 2019. A total of 25 plants from 18 families were documented. Family Euphorbiaceae and Fabaceae were identified with the most use value. Leaves were the part of most of the formulations. Dragea volubilis, Maytenus emarginata, Feronia limonia, Telosma pallida and Aristolochia indica were identified as novel ethnomedicinal plants which were less reported previously from southern Rajasthan.Statistical interpretation of obtained data was done by calculating RFC and ICF value.
ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS INURUG INDIGENOUS VILLAGE, BOGOR DISTRICT, INDONESIA
Authors: Rahayu Sri Endarti , Purba Rosalia , Matondang Ikhsan
Published: November 2021

The ethnobotanical study in this report focuses on traditional therapeutic plants utilized by local societiesin the treatment of human infections. This research was performed from January to February 2018 in Urug indigenous village, Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. The emphasis of this study was to record curative plants used to treat different disorders in the research region. This ethnobotanical information was obtained with the aid of semi-structural interviews, guided field walks and observations with informants. The species Use value and Fidelity Level were employed in the examination of several species. Furthermore, 102 therapeutic plants, including 96 genera and 48 families were compiled and identified. However, Zingiberaceae (9,8%)family had the highest therapeutic plants used for several therapies in this region. The highest proportion of medicinal plants comprise of herbs (40.2%) while leaves (69%) were the most often used parts in the formulation of traditional drugs. Meanwhile, decoctions (47,8%) were commonly utilized as a traditional medicine preparation method. The frequently applied ethnomedicinal plant types were Centella asiatica (1.0) while the highest Fidelity Level value for the management of sprue was Pterocarpus indicus. Also, indigenes in this survey community have traditional wisdom in the treatment of human diseases using these plants. The significant risk to these herbs is the indifference by youths, therefore there is a need to raise awareness within the local societies with focus placed on sustainable utilization and management of both medicinal plants and traditional knowledge.
SEVERITY AND INTENSITY OF FUNGAL DISEASES OF CUCURBIT CROPS OF HAMIRPUR REGION, HP, INDIA
Authors: Sharma Manu Vineet , Chander Hem
Published: November 2021

Cucurbitaceae is the vegetable family enriched with numerous vitamins and minerals. In early rainy season cucurbits are the host of different fungal pathogens. In present study, four fungal diseases dominant on three members of cucurbitaceae family are observed in Bhoranj block of District Hamirpur, lie in lower foot hills of Himachal Pradesh. Four fungal diseases along with host plants are leaf spot of Lagenaria siceraria, downy mildews of Cucumis sativus, powdery mildews of Coccinia grandis and powdery mildews of Cucumis sativus. Among all these diseases, Disease Incidence and Disease Severity of Powdery mildews of Coccinia grandis are most dominant i.e. 40.3±1 and 51.2±1 respectively. Disease Incidence and Disease Severity of Leaf spot of Lagenaria siceraria is least i.e. 12.5±1 and 1.1±1, respectively.
APPLICATION OF HYDROLOGICAL MODELS IN A SMALL AGRICULTURAL CATCHMENT FOR WATER MANAGEMENT: CASE STUDY ON WADI EL-RAML WATERSHED-NORTH WESTERN COAST OF EGYPT
Authors: Abdalla M.A.I. , Wahab M.K. Abd El- , Tawfik M.A. , Khater I.M.M.
Published: November 2021

North Western Coast of Egypt as a semi-arid region suffers from lack of rainfall most of the year except during rainfall events during the winter season which may even culminate with flash floods that causes acceleration of soil erosion and water losses resulting in degradation of the cultivation lands and consequently the agri-food productivity. This region Suffer lack of water reservoirs and terraces construction. Hydrological models are very useful tools for simulating the effect of natural processes and management practices on soil and water resources. Hence, the aim of study is calibrating and validating hydrological models KINEROS2(K2), ARCSWAT, to select the appropriate model and applying it to establish water and Soil conservation strategies such as terraces construction and building reservoirs. A yearly data set was used consisting of weather data, water content measurements and Gerlesh trough technique. Satellite image Digital elevation model (DEM), Land Cover classifications and soil map were used as layers input in models. The Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient (NSE) and coefficient of determination (R²) were used to evaluate model’s performance. The results reveal that the K2 are better than ARCSWAT, with acceptable NSE and R2 values, where the NSE, R2 were 0.86, 0.84 fork 2 and NSE, R2 were 0.55, 0.47 for ARCSWAT respectively. The K2 model was applied in sub-catchment where the estimated result of surface runoff was ranged from 21.92 to 169.695 m 3 ha-1 year-1. Hence, it is recommended that a reservoir can be constructed inside field approximately about 200 m3 ha-1 y-1 for using as Supplementary irrigation during dry period and the result indicated to areas with a high risk of soil loss that ranged from 38.88 to 3,860 kg. ha-1. year-1 .
CONSERVATION, UTILIZATION OF LOCAL PLANT SPECIES, AND CULTIVATION AS THE EFFORTS OF CONTROLLING SALT AND SULFUR LEVELS AT THE BORDER OF BALURAN NATIONAL PARK, SITUBONDO REGENCY, EAST JAVA
Authors: Batoro Jati , Batoro Wiyono
Published: November 2021

The diversity of plant species functions as a shelterbelt, to prevent saltwater intrusion and avoid sulfur from the crater of Mount Ijen through the Banyuputih River in Situbondo Regency. The Situbondo-Banyuwangi area is strategic (Pantura), passing through the Baluran National Park, so it is essential to maintain biodiversity and water ecosystems. Mangroves, beach vegetation, cultivated plants, and forest vegetation are indicators of environmental protection and conservation. This study aims to reveal the diversity of flora species on the border of Baluran National Park, Banyuputih sub-district, Situbondo Regency, which is allegedly contaminated with salt material from the sea and sulfur from the crater of Mount Ijen. An interview was conducted to determine the function of flora, location elevation, water pH, and well depth. The results of the biodiversity survey were then collected and diagnosed, and the scientific name was then determined. Potential species diversity at the border from an altitude of 5 m above sea level (asl) – 62 m asl included 17 families and 29 species. The data on biodiversity, location elevation, water well depth, and pH indicate low sulfur and salt content; therefore, water resources can be used sustainably by the living things surround them.
IMPROVE THE PYROLYTIC GAS PRODUCTION BY USING THE CO-PYROLYSIS TECHNIQUE : AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Authors: Zahra A.I Abo . , Wahab M.K. Abd El- , Tawfik M.A.
Published: November 2021

The target of the biomass co-pyrolysis is improvingthe heating value of the produced bio-products of a certain type of feedstock, besides disposal of more than one residue in the same time. Thus, this work aims to operate a local fabricated fixed-bed pyrolyzer to improve the pyrolytic gas yield produced by the ground pieces of three biomass residues namely Mango trees Pruning Logs (MPL), Sugarcane bagasse (SB) and Rice straw (RS) using an affordable slow pyrolysis technique. This work was carried out under slow pyrolysis conditions represented in final pyrolysis temperature of 400 °C, vapor residence time of 4 min, heating rate of 0.01-1 °C/s in full absence of oxygen. The pyrolytic gas production was assessed under different feedstock mixing ratios of (1:2:1), (1:1:2) and (2:1:1) as ratio of (RS: SB: MPL), particle lengths of 1-5, 10-15 and 20-25 mm, with and without sandy bed at the bottom of pyrolysis chamber as a fluidized bed. The obtained results showed that, using the fluidized fixed-bed pyrolyzer under slow co-pyrolysis conditions gave the optimum results where in, the pyrolytic gas concentration, gas yield, higher heating value of pyrolytic gasand energy conversion efficiency were 55%, 1.09 Nm3 /kg, 14.97 MJ/Nm3 and 85.43%, respectively, and 53.7%, 1.08 Nm3 /kg, 13.75 MJ/Nm3 ,77.71% in case of using the pyrolyzer without fluidized bed under the same operating conditions. So, the pyrolyzer with fluidized bed achieves an increment in the higher heating value and energy conversion efficiency by about 8.15% and 9.03%, respectivly over the pyrolyzer without fluidized bed.Furthermore, the cost per energy unit of pyrolytic gas produced by the fluidized bed pyrolyzer is lower than the common two fossil gaseous fuels of natural gas and LPG costs by about 28.57% and 80%, respectively.
ROLE OF CONSUMPTION OF COMPOSITE FLOUR IN MANAGEMENT OF LIFESTYLE DISORDERS
Authors: Banua Mitaigiri Taffreeda , Kaura Jaspreet , Bhadariya Vishesh , Singh Jyoti , Sharma Kartik
Published: November 2021

Composite flour is a combination of only either various grains or both various grains and vegetables it is a storehouse of various nutrients like vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and dietary fiber. In the present day, there has been an increased demand for nutritional and health-based variants of food due to changes in lifestyle and socio-economic status. There is no surprise in saying that people are seeing the food being consumed on a day-to-day basis as a status symbol and are striving to get better quality of health through the food they consume and are ready to spend huge amounts of money on the products which are so-called healthy and are being commercially marketed in a smart manner capturing both peoples mind and attention knowing to bring down various lifestyle disorders like Diabetes, Cardiovascular diseases, Hypertension, Cancer, Atherosclerosis, Ischemic stroke, Obesity, Coeliac disease, Alzheimer’s and many other diseases and disorders when consumed frequently in long run. The foods which fall under such category especially are composite flours and ready-to-cook mixes occupying more than 70% of both the food and health industry today being recommended by most of the nutritional experts. This paper is a review-based article collected from various papers focusing on role of consumption of composite flours in management of lifestyle disorders such as diabetes, hypertension, cancer etc.
SUSTAINABILITY OF APPLE PRODUCTION IN THE TROPICS USING LAND RENT ANALYSIS IN BATU CITY INDONESIA
Authors: Samudra Ferdianto Budi , Sitorus Santun R.P. , Santosa Edi , Santosa Machfud , Santosa Machfud
Published: November 2021

Apples have gone through a long process of adapting to the Indonesian climate. Limited availability of non-renewable land creates fierce competition for land use. The purpose of this study was to a) determine the history and condition of apple farming, b) to analyze the land rent value of apple plants with plants that have the potential to replace them, namely oranges, guava, and seasonal plants, c) to determine the factors that affect the land rent value of citrus, guava, and seasonal plants. Data obtained through interviews with selected informants using a questionnaire and analyzed using land rent analysis to determine the value and factors that influence it. The results showed that apple plants' introduction has resulted in several varieties that have successfully adapted to the Indonesian climate. Indonesian apples' development is still 99.81% centered in East Java, with bad apples' sustainability because the land rent value is much lower than other commodities.
MAJOR DISEASES OF WHEAT AND THEIR MANAGEMENT: A REVIEW
Authors: Chaudhary Raveena , Pujari Mamta
Published: November 2021

Wheat is the staple crop throughout the world and a great source of nutrition. Sometimes the wheat plant gets attacked by pathogens like fungi, bacteria and virus. Some of the common disease their symptoms and management are studied. The complexity of the interaction between a pathogen and its host, influenced by biotic and abiotic factors of the environment, make the control of these disease. Fungi is the most common causative agent in case of wheat. Some of the common disease caused by fungi are leaf rust, stem rest, stripe rust, loose smut, tan spot, powdery mildew, ergot and common bunt. Virus and bacteria also cause diseases in wheat. Wheat strike mosaic virus one of the diseases is bacterial blight of leaf. These diseases can be controlled by using disease resistant varieties. Due to the infection of these diseases there can be loss of 40-50% but sometimes it may be more. These diseases can be controlled by using some control measures. There are several chemical and herbal methods are used for the control of these diseases.
GROWTH, PHYSIOLOGY AND YIELD RESPONSES OF FOUR ROCK MELON (CUCUMIS MELO VAR. CANTALOUPENSIS) CULTIVARS IN ELEVATED TEMPERATURE
Authors: Amarasinghe Rathnayake Mudiyanselage Nilusha Thushari , Sakimin Siti Zaharah , Wahab Puteri Edaroyati Megat , Ramlee ShairulIzan , Jaafar Juju Nakasha
Published: November 2021

Rock melon is a high value greenhouse crop. Reduction of economical crop yield in high temperature stress due to global warming is an emerging issue with Rock melon. Therefore, this study was conducted for evaluate the growth, physiology and yield of different Rock melon cultivars grown under high temperature stress. Four cultivars of rock melon (Lady-gold, Lady-green, Himalai-99 and Glamour) were evaluated for their physiological behaviors under two temperature (42±3°C and 47 ±3°C) regimes. In four cultivars of rock melon, leaf area, specific leaf area, relative growth rate, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration, transpiration rate, malondialdehyde content and fruit yield of Rock melon were significantly differ in each temperature regime. Temperature significantly affects the fruit position in main branch. When temperature increases, Rock melon fruits shifts in to upper branches. While Lady-green and Glamour shown similar attributes in extreme temperature, most susceptible cultivar was the Lady-gold and most tolerant cultivar was the Himalai-99.This study identified the issues of extreme temperature related to the economical yield of rock melon cultivars which can be use in future crop modification and breeding.
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES FROM FRUIT RIND EXTRACT OF GARCINIA MANGOSTANA L. AND EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Madhavan Manju , Rose P.J. Elsa , Francis Arunima , Benny Grace Maria , Wilson Anila
Published: November 2021

Nanotechnology is an emerging area of science that involves the engineering of nano sized particles of various materials. Among the various nanoparticles, the silver nanoparticles are used in various applications due to their unique characters. The production of silver nanoparticles using a chemical method is harmful and produces toxic substances as by-products, so the aim of our study was to green synthesis silver nanoparticles using the fruit rind of Garcinia mangostana L. which is being discarded as a waste material. Aqueous rind extract of G. mangostana was prepared and synthesis of silver nanoparticles was analysed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer by optimizing various parameters like pH, time and concentration of extract. The nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy and the peak was obtained between the wave length of 410 - 433 nm in various treatments. The antibacterial activities of synthesized silver nanoparticles were tested against both gram negative (Pseudomonas) and gram positive (Staphylococcus) bacteria using the well diffusion method. The aqueous extract shows the remarkable zone of inhibition against Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus.
FACTOR AFFECTING BEE HONEY QUALITY ACCEPTANCE INCLUDING CONTENTS AND EXTRACTION METHOD
Authors: . Rasha , Farag M. A. , Metwally Amr A. A. , Setta Mohaned M. Abou
Published: November 2021

The Egyptian Standard ES: 355-1 / 2005 indicates that the content of nectar honeys from reducing sugars should not be less than 60%, while the content of reducing sugars in honeydew honeys should not be less than 40%. While the sucrose content should not exceed 10% in the case of citrus honey, and not more than 5% for each of Egyptian clover honey, cotton, fennel honey, and multifloral honey. These standards were examined within 165 randomized bee honey samples at the end of nectar honey flow and after honey extracted. The honey authenticity characterization according to the plants sources (i.e. citrus, clover, cotton, fennel, multifloral and unknown) In addition to artificial honey. Characters considered were extract method (only honey combs versus all combs), acceptance, pollen contents and percent sugars (i.e. fructose, glucose, sucrose, maltose and reducing sugars). For citrus honey 37 ones were accepted and 6 were rejected. For clover ones 5 were accepted and 16 were rejected. For cotton ones 18 were accepted and 5 were rejected. For fennel ones 26 were accepted and 4 were rejected. For multifloral honeys 10 were accepted and 8 were rejected for unknown honeys and artificial honey (30) all were rejected. Overall acceptance was 96 versus 69 rejections. For single factor affected acceptance higher fructose, and glucose were positively highly significant, while higher maltose was negatively significant. Applying multiple regressions indicated that increase of sucrose percentage and extracting methods were the significant factors influenced honey acceptance with Egyptian standards. The honey market needs future studies to follow up the management of apiaries in honey production and to limit the methods of honey adulteration.
ENHANCEMENT OF TOMATO ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES CONTROL USING A NOVEL BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT IN NORTH SINAI
Authors: Bolok Darin M.R. El- , ElSharawy Ahmed.A. , Din Eman K. , Abdalla M.Y.
Published: November 2021

This study focuses on using olive mill waste water (OMWW) as a novel biological treatment to decrease plant diseases while improving food quality. Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne is considered one of the main tomato diseases in North Sinai. The current study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of diffracting olive mill waste waters concentrations compared with the nematicide Oxamylon on Tomato Root-knot. OMWW was applied daily to tomato plants growing in sandy loam soil for three months. Represented five different concentration of OMWW (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) used for irrigation during the experiment. The positive control treatment was treated with Oxamyl at recommended dose. The negative control was watered only with tap water (0%). The results showed that mortality rates of M. incognita were significantly affected by concentrations. All treatments were superior to the untreated control in reducing nematode, except for OMWWs at 100 %, which was equivalent to the control treatment. The largest drop in root galling numbers Oxamyl was achieved (75.73%) was followed by 50% at (73.81%), 75% (68.01%), and 25% (39.67%). The highest reductions rated were recorded with the 50%and 75% concentrations used of OMWW. Overall, in the effort of efficient biological treatments was achieved for root knot control measures in tomato, the OMWW application may be used as one factor of integrated root-knot nematode management.
MICROENCAPSULATION AND ITS UTILIZATION IN THE SECTOR OF HORTICULTURE : A REVIEW
Authors: Das Ankan
Published: November 2021

Microencapsulation today has evolved as a trustworthy tool in providing endurance to majority of the biologically active compounds which in general are not so stable and tends to degenerate very easily. In the field of horticulture, the horticultural commodities are stacked with such important active compounds. These compounds help in providing an advantageous output against various types of diseases and health related issues and ailments. But as mentioned majority of these important substances are not very rigid and extremely susceptible to changes in the environment, which may be physical, chemical or biological type. Therefore microencapsulation comes out as an important an protective tool where these targeted compounds called as the core materials are being covered or wrapped by the encapsulation process through outer coating called as the wall material and final product called as the microcapsules are delivered which have an increased availability and high effectiveness of the core materials inside. Therefore, the present paper is aimed in discussing about the process of microencapsulation in brief and to through a light toward some of the works of microencapsulation which has been successfully carried out in the discipline of horticulture.
BIOEFFICACY OF NANO NUTRIENTS (N, Zn & Cu) ON YIELD OF CAPSICUM
Authors: Ruban J. Sam , Gayathri B. , Jeyaraj C.
Published: November 2021

Vegetables are the prime source of vitamins and minerals. As the population increases there is also increase in demand for nutritional vegetables, but in the conventional method of horticulture the production and productivity is considerably less. Thus to increase the productivity and to feed the over burgeoning population there is a need for novel fertilizers such as Nano fertilizers. An experiment was hence conducted in Chinapettai village, Panruti to investigate the Bio-efficacy of Nano nutrients (Nano Nitrogen, Zinc and Copper) on growth and yield of Capsicum. The experiment was carried out in RBD design (Randomized block design) with three replications and ten treatments. Results showed that the treatment with 100% RD-N+100% RD-P + 100 % RD-K + Nano N + Nano Cu + Nano Zn followed by 100% RD-N +100% RD-P + 100 % RD-K + Nano N and 75% RD-N+100% RD-P + 100 % RD-K + Nano N + Nano Cu + Nano Zn recorded maximum growth and yield parameters. In contrast 50% RD-N + 100% RDP + 100 % RD-K + Nano N showed increase in yield than the control (100% RDF (-N: -P: -K)(250:150:150kg/ha)) to conclude that Nano nitrogen could have compensated the 50% urea recommendation in conventional fertilizer and also had enhanced effect than control.
QUALITY CONTROL STANDARDIZATION AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF AYURVEDA FORMULATION YASHTIMADHU CHURNA
Authors: Pal Prince Kumar , Sarkar Biresh Kumar , Singh Harjeet , Pal Shashi , Kumar Vijay , Babu G. , Meena A.K.
Published: November 2021

Yashtimadhu Churna is one of the traditional formulations used as antacid, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-stress, demulcent, antibacterial and anti-asthmatic agents. The formulation mainly contains Yastimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract. Present study described preliminary qualitative phytochemicals analysis and chromatographic fingerprinting of Yashtimadhu Churna using HPLC and HPTLC analysis. Study also presented anti-inflammatory potential of formulation using protein denaturation method. This study helps to establish standardization parameters of Yashtimadhu Churna and also confirmed anti-inflammatory potential of formulation.
DIETARY SPICES AS ANTI-HYPERLIPIDEMIC AGENTS WITH THEIR BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH: A REVIEW
Authors: Bobde Meeneri Vilas , Lehra Ankita , Padhiary Seema Rani , Bajpai Monika , G Sibi
Published: November 2021

Hyperlipidemia is associated with elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels which is a risk factor for atherosclerosis. Spices being an integral part of culinary culture around the world are known to possess anti-cholesterol compounds and increase the high density lipoprotein cholesterol. This review presents a comprehensive scientific data on the anticholesterol/hypolipidemic activities of various spices used in traditional medicine and cuisine. Bioactive compounds from spices with anti-hyperlipidemic activities and their mode of action are summarized. The findings reaffirm the importance of spices by suggesting their anti-hyperlipdemic/anti-cholesterol activities to prevent cardiovascular diseases.
BAMBOOS: DIVERSITY, UTILIZATION AND ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE IN TIZIT AREA OF MON DISTRICT, NAGALAND, INDIA
Authors: Konyak Zenwang , Swüro Hüsülü
Published: November 2021

Bamboos are also known to as ‘green gold’ and ‘poor man’s timber’ and is one of the most important groups of plants belonging to family poaceae (Gramineae) and is used as an alternate for timber. They have wide range of uses, such as food sources, building materials, paper etc. they have wide socio-economic values. Bamboos also play a very important role in biodiversity conservation. More than 1250 bamboo species of 75 genera are recorded from around the world. In this paper we recorded 9 bamboo species under 4 genera from Tizit area in Mon district of Nagaland, India.
IMPACT OF INORGANIC AND ORGANIC SOURCES OF NUTRIENTS ON NPK UPTAKE BY AMBRETTE AND ITS POST-HARVEST SOIL NPK STATUS
Authors: Srinivasan S.
Published: November 2021

The roots, leaves and seeds of ambrette are considered as valuable traditional medicines. The bitter, sweet, acrid, aromatic seeds are used as tonic and are considered to possess cooling, aphrodisiac, ophthalmic, cardiotonic, digestive, stomachiecm carminative, pectoral diuretic, stimulant, antispasmodic and deodorant properties. Crop removes nutrients continuously from soil and therefore, their replenishment though fertilizers and manures are essential. To find out the integrated effect of inorganic fertilizers, neem coated urea, enriched pressmud compost and sea weed extract on NPK uptake by ambrette and its post – harvest soil NPK status, a field investigation was carried out at Farmer’s Field Sivapuri Village, Chidambaram Taluk, Cuddalore District during Kharif, 2018. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with eight treatments and three replications. The crop was grown to maturity with proper cultural practices. The results revealed that application of integrated application of inorganic fertilizers, neem coated urea, enriched pressmud compost and sea weed extract resulted in significantly highest NPK uptake by ambretee and influenced the post – harvest soil fertility status with respect to available NPK.
A NEW COMBINATION IN THE GENUS LYCIANTHES (SOLANACEAE: SOLANOIDEAE: CAPSICEAE)
Authors: Mallia Madhusmita , Kalidass Chinnamadasamy , Panda Pratap Chandra
Published: November 2021

During the verification of nomenclature in connection with the preparation for ‘Studies of Solanaceae in Eastern Ghats’ the authors came across a species Solanum uncinellum Lindl. that need to be updated in accordance with the changing generic characters for the genus Lycianthes. Accordingly the required new name and new combination is proposed here.
CARBON SEQUESTRATION POTENTIAL OF ROAD SIDE STANDING TREES IN KAMAREDDY MUNICIPALITY, TELANGANA, INDIA
Authors: Ragula Anil , Mukandam Shyam , Banoth Suryakiran
Published: November 2021

In our study of Kamareddy Municipality area, we laid out a 27 sample plots linearly along the road side. 27 sample plots covered about 2.7 ha of land that means each plot size is 0.1 ha. We enumerated 229 number of tree individuals in sampled area. In the 27 sample plots, we calculated 53.5 M3 0f tree volume, mean volume per plot is 1.98 M3 . Total biomass (AGB+BGB) is about 44.7 tones; mean biomass per plot is around 1.65 tones. Total carbon calculated 1.3 tons, mean carbon is 0.78 tones per plot. The total Carbon sequestration potential is 77.9 tones, mean carbon sequestration potential per plot is about 2.88 tones. By the calculations we assumed per hectare volume is 19.81 M3 , biomass is 16.5 tones, carbon stock is 7.88 tones and carbon sequestration potential is 28.85 tons per hectare.
PERFORMANCE OF CLUSTER FRONTLINE DEMONSTRATION ON PRODUCTIVITY AND PROFITABILITY OF LINSEED (LINUM USITATISSIMUM) IN REWA DISTRICT OF MADHYA PRADESH, INDIA
Authors: Tiwar B.K. , Pandey A.K. Patel
Published: November 2021

The study was carried out during rabi seasons of three selected blocks of Rewa district of Madhya Pradesh during 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19 (three consecutive years). All 225 demonstrations on linseed crop were carried out in area of 90 ha by the active participation of farmers with the objective to demonstrate the improved technologies of linseed production potential. The improved technologies consisting use of new variety JLS-27, seed treatment with Azotobacter and PSB culture, balanced fertilizer application and integrated pest management. CFLD recorded higher yield as compare to farmer’s practice. The improved technologies recorded mean yield of 14.88 q/ha, which was 47 percent higher than that obtained with farmers practice of 10.13 q/ha. Improved technologies gave higher mean net return of Rs. 37449/ha with a benefit cost ratio 3.06 as compared to farmers practice (Rs. 21615/ha, benefit cost ratio 2.33)
DİKEY BAHÇE UYGULAMALARININ YAŞANABILIR ÇEVREYE SUNDUĞU KATKILAR
Authors: KALAY Ferhat , SARIMAN ÖZEN Esin
Published: November 2021

İnsanlık tarihi boyunca mimarlık alanlarında sürekli gelişmeler yaşanmış, mimarlık ile daima iç içe olan bahçe tasarımları; tarımsal amaçlarla kullanılmanın ötesinde, bitkilerin coğrafi şartların oluşturduğu iklimsel koşullardan korunması ve estetik amaçlarla kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Mezopotamya’da Babil’in Asma Bahçeleri ile başlayan dikey bahçe uygulamalarına Viking mimarisi ve Roma Dönemi mimarisinde de rastlanmaktadır. Günümüzde teknolojik gelişmelerle birlikte, mimarinin yapıtaşı olan malzemelerin çeşitli biçimlerde üretiminin ve şehirleşmenin hızla artarak insanların doğadan uzaklaştığı görülmektedir. Şehirleşmenin artmasıyla birlikte insanlar çok katlı ve doğal havalandırmanın olmadığı mekanlarda yaşamını sürdürmekte ve şehirlerde oluşan kentsel ısı adası etkisinin artmasıyla birlikte bir takım sağlık sorunları yaşamaya başlamışlardır. Mimarlar doğayı yaşadıkları mekanlara taşıyarak dikey bahçe sistemleri geliştirmiş ve şehirleşmeyle birlikte oluşan sorunlara çözüm üretmeye çalışmışlardır. Bu çalışmayla dikey bahçe sistemlerinin mimari/iç mimari tasarımlarda tasarım öğesi bağlamında mekana etkilerinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Makale kapsamında tasarımları son zamanlarda tüm dünyada etkili olmuş ve mimari tasarım ögesi haline gelmiş olan tasarımcı Patrick Blanc tarafından tasarlanan dikey bahçe sistemleri ve bu sistemlerin yaşanabilir çevreye sunduğu katkılar ortaya konacaktır. Yöntem olarak ise, bitkilendirilen yapı yüzeylerine yönelik örnek uygulamaların görsel materyallerle desteklenerek incelenmesi sağlanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda makale kapsamında ele alınan Patrick Blanc’a ait örnekler doğrultusunda dikey bahçelerin yaşanabilir çevreye sunduğu katkılara ve dikey bahçe uygulamalarında oluşabilecek dezavantajlara değinilmektedir.
The Potent Danger of Global Vaccine Hesitancy
Authors:   Marquette High School, Ramakrishnan Mirra
Published: November 2021

“Vaccination causes autism.” “People were fine before vaccines existed.” “Vaccines can overload the immune system and have side-effects.” The truths behind these fears are extremely meager. And, if believed, they can have profound consequences.
Combatting Coronavirus: The Case for Improved Global Vaccination Systems and Cooperation
Authors:   Allen D. Nease High School, Ahmed Momin
Published: November 2021

1979, the year polio was eradicated from the United States. But more than 40 years later, this disease is still infecting children in countries like Afghanistan and Pakistan. While we are close to globally eradicating the disease (95 total cases reported in 2019), the fact that it has taken more than 4 decades to get to this point is not only disheartening but embarrassing (Martin, 2019). In addition, polio is one of several diseases that have been eradicated in the US, but not worldwide. Rubella, measles, and diphtheria are just a few examples of diseases that still affect children worldwide (Vanderslott et al., 2013). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 20 million children worldwide remain under/un vaccinated and at risk for fatal diseases (WHO, 2020). Although this number is declining yearly, it is still a figure that cannot be ignored and serves as an indication for the need of improved global vaccination systems.
Dengue Fever: A Threat to Billions
Authors:   Morgantown High School, Liang Nicole
Published: November 2021

Dengue fever, labeled by the WHO as the most critical mosquito-borne disease in the world, is a prevalent global issue. 40% of the world’s population, roughly 3 billion people, are at risk of contracting dengue. It infects up to 390 million people annually: a 30-fold increase over the past 50 years. The virus, DENV, has four serotypes, meaning one person could potentially be infected four separate times (World Mosquito Program, 2020). While the disease usually causes flu-like symptoms, a variation called severe dengue claims about 20% of those infected. Around 25,000 deaths are reported world-wide annually (WHO, 2019).
REPARAÇÃO CIVIL EM CASOS DE ABORTO
Authors: Brasil Valéria Alves , Peixoto Márcio Nascimento , Verneck Marcos Nunes Silva
Published: November 2021

Este trabalho tem a finalidade de analisar a possibilidade de reparação através da responsablidade civil em casos de aborto. Passando pela história referente ao aborto, à elucidação de conceitos da responsabilidade civil e penal e quando podem ser aplicadas. Por fim, discorre acerca dos casos fáticos em que pode ser pleiteado a reparação com fundamento na responsabilidade civil em casos de aborto. O método de abordagem utilizado foi o dedutivo, uma vez que se limita a analisar casos específicos para partir à uma generalização. O método de procedimento escolhido foi o histórico o qual coloca o objeto de estudo sob uma perspectiva histórica, sendo possível promover o acompanhamento de sua evolução através da história buscando descobrir qual o sentido de o aborto ser considerado crime. As técnicas de pesquisas usadas foram as de documentação indireta através de documentos públicos como leis, decisões julgadas, e bibliográficas pois a partir de materiais publicados em livros, artigos, e atualmente na internet. Sendo assim, o estudo viabiliza uma discussão sobre este assunto polêmico e pouco tratado em nosso ordenamento jurídico atualmente, permitindo a compreensão e a garantia de direitos resguardados ao povo brasileiro.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA FISIOTERAPIA NO PÓS-PARTO
Authors: Rodrigues Ingrid Silva , Ferreira Tairo Vieira
Published: November 2021

Introdução: Durante o período de gestação e pós-parto o corpo das mulheres inúmeras transformações. Visto isso, uma das estratégias que pode ser utilizada é a fisioterapia pós-parto, portanto o presente trabalho apresenta a atuação do fisioterapeuta, algumas modificações e quais os benefícios do tratamento fisioterapêutico. Objetivo: Descrever os principais benefícios da Fisioterapia na saúde da mulher durante o período de pós-parto. Metodologia: Pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico, com critério de seleção onde foram selecionados 50 artigos através das palavras-chave, o critério de exclusão foi dado através da compatibilidade dos objetivos e com o tema requerido, totalizando 27 artigos utilizados para a revisão bibliográfica e 23 artigos descartados. Conclusão: A fisioterapia pós-parto é de suma importância para uma melhor recuperação, reeducar a função respiratória, estimular o sistema circulatório e prevenir tromboses, auxilia na redução da dor intra-abdominal, na diminuição de incontinência urinária, relaxamento ou tonificação muscular, melhoria do fluxo circulatório local, drenagem de líquidos, na cicatrização de diversos tecidos e no incentivo a regeneração dos mesmos.
EL DESARROLLO DE LOS PROGRAMAS BILINGÜES EN LAS DIFERENTES COMUNIDADES AUTÓNOMAS
Authors: Noriega Pedrón Marina
Published: November 2021

El presente trabajo propone un sucintoanálisis de los diferentes programas bilingües y plurilingües desarrollados en nuestro país, no sin antes abordar la metodología de Aprendizaje Integrado de Contenidos y Lenguas Extranjerasque los inspira. Posteriormente, se aborda dicho análisis contrastivo,analizandoel nivel lingüístico exigidoalprofesorado, las etapas educativas en las que se impartenlos programasy sualcanceen cuanto a las asignaturas impartidas en lengua extranjera. A continuación, se expone un pequeño estudiocontrastivo de los resultados obtenidos por el alumnado de programas bilingües frente a aquel alumnado no participante,desgranando sus resultados encompetencia comunicativa en lengua extranjera. Para ello, se parte de los resultados observadosen dos Comunidades Autónomas: la Comunidad de Madrid y el Principado de Asturias.