bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Frequency and morphological complexity in variation
Authors: Purse Ruaridh , Fruehwald Josef , Tamminga Meredith
Published: July 2022

Broad interest in probabilistic aspects of language has reignited debates about a potential delineation between the shape of an abstract grammar and patterns of language in use. A central topic in this debate is the relationship between measures capturing aspects of language use, such as word frequency, and patterns of variation. While it has become common practice to attend to frequency measures in studies of linguistic variation, fundamental questions about exactly what linguistic unit’s frequency it is appropriate to measure in each case, and what this implies about the representations or processing mechanisms at play, remain underexplored. In the present study, we compare how three frequency measures account for variance in Coronal Stop Deletion (CSD) based on large-scale corpus data from Philadelphia English: whole-word frequency, stem frequency, and conditional (whole-word/stem) frequency. While there is an effect of all three measures on CSD outcomes in monomorphemes, the effect of conditional frequency is by far the most robust. Furthermore, only conditional frequency has an effect on CSD rates in -ed suffixed words. Thus, we suggest that frequency effects in CSD are best interpreted in terms of stem-conditional predictability of a suffix or word-edge. These results lend support to the importance of asking these fundamental questions about usage measures, and suggest that contemporary approaches to frequency should take morphological complexity into account.
Restoring confidence in troubled financial institutions after a financial crisis
Authors: Calomiris Charles W. , Carlson Mark
Published: July 2022

After an unprecedented number of banks suspended operations in the during Panic of 1893, the head regulator of banks chartered by the United States government allowed about 100 banks to reopen after certifying their solvency. We evaluate whether actions by bank owners to change management, contract with depositors to extend liability maturity structure, write off bad assets, and/or inject capital affected bank survival and deposit retention. This historical episode is particularly informative because there was no expectation of government intervention. We find that contracting with depositors provided short-term benefits while dealing with bad assets was key for long-run viability.
The Collateral Premium and Levered Safe-Asset Production
Authors: Ross Chase P.
Published: July 2022

Banks are vital suppliers of money-like safe assets, which they produce by issuing short-term liabilities and pledging collateral. But their ability to create safe assets varies over time as leverage constraints fluctuate. I present a model to describe private safe-asset production when intermediaries face leverage constraints. I measure bank leverage constraints using bank-intermediated basis trades. The collateral premium — a strategy long Treasuries used more often as repo collateral and short Treasuries used less often — has a positive expected return of 22 basis points per year because the collateral premium compensates for bank leverage risk.
The impact of non-closure of the platysma muscle layer on the cosmesis of thyroidectomy scar – a randomised double-blind controlled trial
Authors: Ayandipo O , Afolabi A , Onwudinjor C , Ezeme C , Adigun T , Bello S
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: The relevance of closing the platysma muscle layer after open thyroidectomy has received little interest in terms of research. The objective was to determine whether non-closure of the platysma muscle layer after open thyroidectomy impacts significantly on the cosmetic outcome of the resulting collar scar. METHODS: In this prospective randomised controlled clinical trial, patients were assigned randomly to have the platysma muscle layer closed or not closed. The primary endpoint was the cosmesis of the collar scar six weeks after surgery assessed using the patient and observer scar assessment scale (POSAS). Additional endpoints included operation time and early postoperative wound complications. RESULTS: Ninety-two patients were recruited, with 46 randomised to each group. The patient scar assessment subscale (PSAS) of the POSAS showed no significant difference in the scar cosmesis between the two groups six weeks after surgery (median PSAS: 16.5 vs 17.5; p = 0.514). The observer scar assessment subscale (OSAS) showed that the platysma muscle layer closure group had marginally better scars (median OSAS: 15 vs 17; p = 0.045). The size of the goitre did not make any significant difference in the scar cosmesis. There was no significant difference in the incidence of early postoperative wound complications as well as the median operation time. CONCLUSION: Not closing the platysma muscle layer had no significant impact on the scar cosmesis six weeks after open thyroidectomy, with no significant difference in the incidence of early postoperative wound complications and the operation time.
Magseed placement before neoadjuvant chemotherapy to facilitate subsequent breast-conserving surgery – a single-centre audit
Authors: Malherbe F , Roodt L , Noor F , Gamieldien R , Chetty D , Anderson D , Thebe T , Cairncross L
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: A radio-opaque clip is placed in all patients planned for breast-conserving surgery (BCS) receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) to localise the tumour bed in case response to chemotherapy makes later localisation impossible. A tumour that was localised with a radio-opaque clip before NACT will then need a second localisation procedure, after the completion of NACT to aid BCS. The two most commonly used methods are hookwire and radio-guided occult lesion localisation. Magseed®, a newly available technology consisting of a small magnetic seed, has now become available. The seed is placed instead of a radio-opaque clip before the start of or during NACT and can remain in place until the time of BCS. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed, collecting data on patients who had a Magseed placed before or during NACT from December 2018 to February 2020. RESULTS: Twenty-one Magseed devices were placed into the breasts of 20 patients, 18 under ultrasound guidance, and three under stereotactic guidance. The average breast volume of individuals who had seeds placed was 1 532 g ± 869 g. The duration that the seeds were in situ was 138 days ± 45 days. All preoperatively placed seeds were retrieved at the surgery with no observed migration outside the tumour bed. CONCLUSION: Magseed placement before NACT is a safe and technically simple technique that can be done under ultrasound guidance in the majority of cases. It has the advantage of being a single procedure with an associated reduction in time off work and travel cost to the patient, as well as flexibility in terms of the time of placement.
Never to be missed again - an analysis of 55 consecutive cases of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Kruger V , Calderan T , de Carvalho R , Hirano E , Fraga G
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: This report reviews our clinical experience with 55 cases of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia at a Brazilian university hospital. Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia is an uncommon injury and presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Occasionally, it is missed in trauma patients and is usually associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This analysis aimed to improve the diagnostic outcomes of trauma patient care. METHODS: Retrospective design analysis of database records of trauma patients at HC-Unicamp were performed to investigate incidence, trauma mechanism, diagnosis, herniated organs, associated injuries, trauma score, morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: Fifty-five patients were analysed. Blunt trauma was two-fold more frequent than penetrating trauma and was associated with high-grade injury; motor vehicle collision was the most common mechanism. Left-sided hernia was four-fold more frequent than that on the right side, although critical injuries were more frequently associated with the right side. The stomach was the most herniated organ in both trauma mechanisms. Preoperative diagnosis was mostly performed using chest radiography (55%). Postoperative diagnosis was mostly performed via laparotomy rather than laparoscopy. Associated injuries were observed in 43 patients (78%) and the mortality rate was 20% for both the sides CONCLUSION: Isolated injuries are rare, and the presence of associated injuries increases morbidity and mortality. Chest radiography in the trauma bay is useful as an initial examination, although it is not suitable for use as a definitive method. Despite the use of laparoscopy in a few cases, laparotomy is the most common approach.
CLINICAL APPROACH TO THE ENTERAL NUTRITION
Authors: TOĞUÇ Hakan
Published: July 2022

While malnutrition affects patients' quality of life; It also negatively affects mortality and morbidity levels. As a result of developing malnutrition, oral nutritional supplements are primarily preferred in order to reduce inadequate nutrient intake and to create a solution for malnutrition. In cases where oral nutrition is insufficient, nutrition routes such as nasogastric feeding and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy come to the fore. In case of oral nutritional deficiency, it is argued that enteral nutrition is superior to parenteral nutrition and is considered as the closest nutrition model to oral nutrition in today's nutrition models. Aim: In this study, it was aimed to review the literature by investigating the effects of enteral nutrition in cases where oral nutrition is insufficient. The ways, methods and doses of enteral nutrition were examined and evaluated together with the literature. Content: This review contains up-to-date information about the clinical approach to enteral nutrition. Method: In the research, a literature search was conducted using databases such as Science Direct and PubMed. Up-to-date and comprehensive data were used to compile this research. Results: Many studies show that enteral nutrition is one of the most important steps to be preferred in case of malnutrition. Conclusion: Malnutrition is a frequently observed condition in hospitalized patients. Enteral nutrition in malnourished patients; It is seen as safe and curative in many subjects such as treatment of diseases, length of hospital stay, cost of illness, inflammation. Complications to be experienced can be prevented as a result of the follow-up of the expert team.
INVESTIGATION EFFECT OF 8-WEEKS PLYOMETRIC EXERCISE IN FEMMALE HANDBALL PLAYERS ON STRENGHT AND ANAEROBIC PERFORMANCE
Authors: APAYDIN Murat Bekleyiş , KAYA Bayram
Published: July 2022

Aim: İn the this study was conducted to determine the effect of 8-week plyometric exercises on anaerobic performance in female handball players. The average age of the participants is 15.8±1.3 years, body weight is 65.7±4.2kg, height is 169±1.9cm and our practice consists of 16 active licensed handball players. Method: In our current study, plyometric exercises were applied to the participants 2 days a week on different days for 8 weeks. Physical measurement tests, such as height, body weight, body mass index, vertical jump, standing long jump, 30 meters sprint, back and leg strenght were given to the athletes at different times in the training program as pre-test and post-test. The findings obtained from the participants were analyzed with the SPSS 24 statistical package program. It was determined that the results showed normal distribution (2.0>x>-2.0) and the paired sample t test, which is one of the parametric tests, was used. Findings: At the end of the research; In female handball players, it was found that there was a p<0.05 difference in favor of the post-test in body weight, 30 meters sprint and vertical jump tests, and there was a p>0.05 variation in body mass index and standing long jump measurements. Conclusion: It was found that plyometric training methods had a positive effect on the average of anaerobic performance in active licensed female athletes, and there was a p<0.05 difference in body weight, 30 meters speed, and vertical jump performances. back and leg strenght.
[RETRACTED] Fit Today Keto Gummies : Fit Today Keto Gummies Scam or Real Weight Loss Results v1
Authors: not provided fittodayketo
Published: July 2022

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[RETRACTED] King Cobra Men's Health Gummies – Scam Or Work To Improve Sexual Health? v1
Authors: not provided JoeyGibson
Published: July 2022

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[RETRACTED] Myco Nootropic Brain Gummies Reviews Enhance Brain Power Clarity, Focus and Boost Energy(Work Or Hoax) v1
Authors: Nootropic Brain Gummies Myco
Published: July 2022

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[RETRACTED] EZ BURN KETO GUMMIES v1
Authors: not provided howikof
Published: July 2022

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[RETRACTED] Fresh Shape Keto Gummies v1
Authors: H H
Published: July 2022

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[RETRACTED] Lights Out CBD Gummies:Reviews, Benefits, Ingredients, Official website- 2022 v1
Authors: not provided davidwilley
Published: July 2022

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[RETRACTED] Fresh Shape Keto Gummies *100% Pure & Natural Safe Ingredients* Its Scam or Legit? v1
Authors: H H
Published: July 2022

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[RETRACTED] How Does the Oprah Weight Loss Gummies Formula Work? v1
Authors: Keto Gummies Oprah
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[RETRACTED] The Worst Advice You Could Ever Get About Skin Care v1
Authors: not provided Cardiac-care
Published: July 2022

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Educar a través del arte ghanés en Educación infantil
Authors: Calle García Paula , Pascual Molina Jesús F.
Published: July 2022

El presente trabajo pretende exponer las características y resultados de una intervención educativa destinada a un aula de educación infantil cuyo hilo conductor es la cultura de Ghana. Lejos de ahondar en los tópicos que enmascaran la realidad del continente africano, esta propuesta se centra en un caso de estudio concreto, en el que, a través del juego y actividades artísticas, se acercan las peculiaridades de la cultura ghanesa a los estudiantes. Se pretende, además, concienciar a los discentes sobre la existencia de distintas realidades culturales, abordando aspectos relacionados con la interculturalidad y la multiculturalidad. Así, se potencian valores como la tolerancia, el respeto y la comprensión de diferentes culturas. Del mismo modo, se busca que el alumnado de dicha etapa se desarrolle de forma global gracias a las experiencias que les aportan las distintas actividades planteadas
Code Analysis and Generation Methods using Neural Networks: An Overview
Authors:   HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Avdoshin S. M. , Arutyunov G. A. ,   HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2022

The global pandemic has outlined the shortfall of human resources in the information technology sector. On the estimation of analysts, the labor shortage of IT-specialists in Russia in 2021 is between 500 thousand and 1 million people. Educating and bringing to market such numerous personnel may take years. The task of optimizing the process of the development of IT-projects is as urgent as ever. This includes automizing repetitive tasks performed by developers. This article presents an overview of the methods of using neural networks in the field of generation and analysis program source code.
Sonificación como herramienta de análisis en Psicología
Authors: Carnero-Sierra Susana
Published: July 2022

La sonificación es una herramienta de representación y análisis que emplea el sonido como conductor de una serie de datos. La trascripción sonora empleando frecuencia, intensidad y timbre permite expresar diferentes magnitudes y matices de un conjunto de observaciones. En el presente texto se mostrarán los fundamentos de la herramienta de la sonificación así como sus usos más comunes en psicología, entre los que se encuentran el aprendizaje motor, la discriminación perceptiva y representación de respuestas en ciertas patologías que conectan con el protagonismo del ritmo como factor imprescindible en la organización de lo orgánico. A través de la recopilación de la bibliografía existente se expondrán estas aplicaciones y sus posibilidades en otros campos de la psicología. A modo de ejemplificación, se propone una conversión sencilla de la representación gráfica de una curva normal en su versión auditiva. Como interpretación final, se destacarán las posibilidades del sonido como herramienta metodológica del análisis de datos, abriendo caminos interdisciplinares y multisensoriales en investigación.
Retroperitoneal abscess as a rare disease: clinical case
Authors: Shlyapina Kristina S. , Ahunova Raushania A. , Styazkina Svetlana N. , Abramovich A. A.
Published: July 2022

Objective. To monitor the dynamics of the patient status, to investigate the quality and nature of the received therapeutic care for patients with retroperitoneal abscess.

Materials and methods. The literature on retroperitoneal abscess as well as a medical record of an ambulatory patient diagnosed retroperitoneal abscess was studied and analyzed.

Results. The study of this pathology helped us to better understand the pathogenesis of this disease and choose a treatment method. Treatment helped all patients; no complications were observed.

Conclusions. The quality and nature of treatment received by doctors meet the necessary requirements helping a patient to improve the quality of life.
Preclinical acoustic efficiency evaluation of bionic ear
Authors: Arutyunov S. D. , Yuzhakov A. A. , Bezukladnikov I. I. , Astashina N. B. , Elovikov A. M. , Baydarov A. A. , Mayorov P. V.
Published: July 2022

Objective. To study the major acoustic properties of the prototype of bionic ear developed in order to confirm its functional performance.

Materials and methods. Acoustic properties of the bionic ear were measured using Random Phase MultiSine signal in a test bench, which simulated the implant-emitter-osseous tissue-inner ear system. The resulting pulse response was converted to the target characteristics: FR and group lag. Experiments were carried out for -6dB signal level, 10 times for each of the methods used.

Results. Microtia is a congenital auricular hypoplasia or aplasia (anotia) which often involves impairment or total loss of hearing. One way to rehabilitate this type of patients is to use bone-conducting apparatuses (bone anchored hearing aids), which allow to compensate for the functional component but not to restore facial aesthetics. This paper deals with major acoustic properties of the prototype bionic ear we have previously developed, in order to confirm its functional performance for clinical use. Our analysis of acoustic characteristics of the bionic ear system showed the frequency response was uniform enough in extended voice frequency range (100 to 10000 Hz). The experimental research demonstrated that operating time of the prototype bionic ear to battery depletion is 10 h 26 min with 25 % amplification, 10 h 05 min with 50 % amplification, 9 h 48 min with 75 % amplification.

Thus, the acoustic characteristics of the vibratory emitter were determined, which confirmed that the bionic artificial ear was eligible for clinical testing.

Conclusions. Major frequency response of the vibratory emitter was measured, and confirmed that preclinical studies were successful and the bionic ear was eligible for clinical testing.
Changes in lipid metabolism among patients with seborrheic dermatitis
Authors: Elkin V. D. , Kobernik M. Yu. , Sedova T. G. , Borodina E. N. , Kuznetsov I. D.
Published: July 2022

Objective. To conduct a comparative analysis of metabolic and hormonal changes in patients with seborrheic dermatitis depending on age. Seborrheic dermatitis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease that occurs as a result of impaired sebum production and the addition of the yeast fungus Malassezia furfur. Disorders of the endocrine, immune and nervous systems of the body can contribute to the development of dermatosis; sexual and age characteristics are also important. Malassezia furfur influences changes in the biochemical composition of sebum and supports the inflammatory response, exacerbating pathogenetic changes.

Materials and methods. The study involved 62 patients with seborrheic dermatitis, who formed two groups: group I consisted of 32 patients aged 2030 years; group II 30 patients aged 4050 years. The groups were comparable by gender (men) and social status; all were residents of the Perm Region. The exclusion criteria were the presence of proved cardiovascular and endocrine pathology, malignant neoplasms, liver and kidney failure, HIV infection, autoimmune diseases. The study consisted of an assessment of the general condition and dermatological status as well as laboratory methods, including general blood and urine tests and biochemical blood analysis with indicators of the lipid spectrum, carbohydrate metabolism, liver enzymes and male sex hormones.

Results. In patients with seborrheic dermatitis aged 2030 years, the level of blood lipids was within physiological values. In patients with seborrheic dermatitis older than 40 years, the lipid metabolism disorders were noted, especially an increase in cholesterol, LDL and atherogenicity index. No significant changes in carbohydrate metabolism, liver enzymes, hyperandrogenemia were observed in both groups, no significant difference between the studied groups according to these criteria was revealed.

Conclusions. At young age, seborrheic dermatitis in men develops without significant metabolic disorders. Seborrheic dermatitis in men over 40, is mainly accompanied by hyperlipidemia; such patients need additional examinations and observation by a cardiologist.
Standard determination of clinical case of measles in conditions of its elimination
Authors: Semerikov V. V. , Vorobyova N. N. , Postanogova N. O. , Okishev M. A. , Uvarova E. Yu. , Nebolsina A. P. , Metelkina N. A. , Sofronova L. V. , Nikolaev A. V.
Published: July 2022

Objective. To develop a standard determination of a clinical case of measles in conditions of its elimination.

Materials and methods. The study included 28 patients with measles (main group) and 30 with infectious mononucleosis (comparison group). By means of correlation analysis, among clinicolaboratory indicators there was determined a list of clinical signs, which statistically significantly were more often identified in patients with measles compared to patients with infectious mononucleosis. The mathematical model was developed using the method of logistic regression, which helped to single out the most qualitative binary classifiers directly connected with diagnostic probability of measles. Sensitivity and specificity of the obtained model were calculated. For statistical processing IBM SPSS Statistics 26 was used.

Results. To carry out a standard determination of a clinical case of measles with the presence of combined clinicolaboratory symptoms, the mathematical model was developed, described by the following equation: р=1/(1+е-z) 100, where z=71,7+36,8 Х dry cough +53,5 Х maculo-papular rash +17,6 Х damages of eyes in the form of conjunctivitis and/or sclerite. Taking into account the regression coefficient values, such clinicolaboratory symptoms as maculo-papular rash, damages of eyes in the form of conjunctivitis and/or sclerite were directly connected with diagnostic probability of the diagnosis Measles. The determination coefficient of the obtained model was R2 = 0,97, p 0,001. The sensitivity of the model was 96.4 %, specificity 100 %, efficiency 98 %.

Conclusions. In conditions of measles elimination, the combination of maculo-papular rash, damages of eyes in the form of conjunctivitis and/or sclerite allows confirming the clinical diagnosis of measles with the probability of 98 %.
Acute aortic dissection with right-sided chest and back pain accompanied by left-sided limb dyskinesia
Authors: Xie Li-ping , Du Zheng-ren , Ying Chen , Wei Yan-jin
Published: July 2022

We retrospectively studied the diagnosis and treatment of a case of AAD misdiagnosed as stroke since atypical symptoms as the first manifestation, and discussed the clinical features and manifestations, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of the case in the context of relevant domestic and international literature. The patient, a 49‑year-old male with herpes zoster for more than 1 month, presented with sudden onset of right-sided chest and back pain, accompanied by numbness and weakness of the left limb, and was tentatively diagnosed with post-herpetic neuralgia combined with stroke due to the history of herpes zoster. Non-specific ST-T alterations, D-dimer 20ug / ml, and non-traumatic angiographic findings in the transthoracic and abdominal aorta demonstrated slight thickening of the patient’s ascending aorta, and the lumen of the root sinus region showed intimal flap formation with a larger pseudocoel and smaller true lumen, which ultimately confirmed the diagnosis of acute aortic coarctation with atypical presentation. So clinicians need to improve their basic theoretical knowledge, strengthen the understanding of AAD, focus on physical examination, improve relevant auxiliary examinations expeditiously, and pay attention to the significance of specific auxiliary examinations in order to decrease misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of atypical manifestations of AAD patients.
Investigation into the perceptions of Korean shipping firms on the IMO’s initial strategies to reduce GHG
Authors:   Korean Academy Of International Commerce, Inc., Kwak Dong-Wook , Park Jeong-Yang
Published: July 2022

Purpose : This research investigates the perceptions held by Korean shipping firms on the initial strategies of the International Maritime Organization(IMO) to reduce greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions by ships.
Research design, data and methodology : This research collected data from interviews on the importance and performance of 14measures set by the IMO to reduce GHG emissions. Quantitative data were evaluated by using Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA), leading to categorizing the IMO measures into three groups of strategies. The evaluation is further interpreted by qualitative interview data.
Results : Measures to improve the energy efficiency of ships and operations as well as market-based measures fall into a “keep up the good work” strategy owing to high importance and performance. In addition, a ‘concentrate-here’ strategy requiring better performance included NAP development and R&D support among the governance measures as well as mid- and long-term alternative energy measures.
Conclusions : This paper’s implications come from empirical research on the perceptions held by shipping firms on the measures by the IMO to challenge GHG targets.
A Study on the Effect of GSCM Capability on Performance: The Mediation Effect of Green Self-Efficacy
Authors:   Korean Academy Of International Commerce, Inc., Tang Xaio , Kim Jae Woo
Published: July 2022

Purpose : This paper elucidates the relationship between GSCM capabilities and green self-efficacy in logistics companies and identifies the relationship that results in strong performance.
Research design, data and methodology : A questionnaire analysis was implemented to target logistics enterprises registered in eastern China(Shandong Province, Jiangsu Province, Shanghai). An analysis of demographics was implemented by utilizing IBM's SPSS v. 25.0. The test hypothesis was implemented by building a structural equation model utilizing SmartPLS.
Results : First, from testing hypothesis 1, we determined that a GSCM capacity had a significant effect on green self-efficacy. Second, from testing hypothesis 2, we found that green self-efficacy had a significant effect on both environmental and financial performance. Finally, from testing hypothesis 3, we found that green self-efficacy played a significant mediating role in both GSCM competency and environmental and financial performance.
Conclusions : According to recent environmental changes, SCM implementation considering the environments of logistics companies is an important matter directly related to survival and competitiveness. Therefore, strengthening the GSCM capability of a logistics company will intensify the sense of green self-efficacy and as a result will have a positive effect on the company's environmental and financial performance
The impact on preparation to enter a market by understanding the Chinese retail market: Focusing on experience and type of entry
Authors:   Korean Academy Of International Commerce, Inc., Roh Yoon-Jin
Published: July 2022

Purpose : Derived are the factors Korean companies must understand and the preparations they must make before entering the Chinese distribution market. Also examined is the influence of experience with the Chinese market on the level of understanding and preparation.
Research design, data and methodology : There are four main research hypotheses. Each hypothesis is about the level of understanding and preparation, the experience needed before entering the market, and the decision-making process for entry. Multiple regression analysis tests the hypotheses.
Results : The level of comprehension affected the level of readiness. Experience with the Chinese market influenced all factors. However, the type of hope for advancement was meaningless.
Conclusions : This study identifies meaningful understanding of, and preparation factors for, entering the Chinese distribution market. In order to enter the Chinese retail market, market experience is more important than anything else, and it has a positive effect on other factors. It also has an impact on decision-making.
Comparative Study of Intention Factors for Using a Drone Delivery Service
Authors:   Korean Academy Of International Commerce, Inc., Wang Lei-Shuo , Noh Jin-Ho
Published: July 2022

Purpose : This study determines which factors from among quality factors constituting a drone delivery service are recognized as important by consumers. In addition, it determines their relative importance, and suggests directions for the factors that drone delivery service companies will prioritize.
Research design, data, methodology : A questionnaire analysis is implemented to target drone delivery service companies registered in Shandong Province and Guangdong Province in China. Analysis of demographics and IPA are implemented utilizing IBM’s SPSS v. 25.0.; The (Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP), is used for the analysis, performed with the Expert Choice program.
Results : According to the AHP analysis results, we can see that certainty and empathy are perceived as the most important factors overall. As for detailed factors, in the certainty section, safety from drones and delivery accidents ranked first (0.105) ; third was safety of personal information and delivery information (0.092), and fifth was reliability of service provision information (0.285). In the empathy section, understanding and consideration of services in various customer situations ranked second (0.095), and fourth was expectations on providing the best service (0.081), indicating that lower factors of certainty and empathy, are distributed among the top five factors. As a result of the IPA analysis, in competitive advantage competencies, understanding and consideration of various customer situations (a sub-factor of empathy) and reliability of service provision information (a sub-factor of certainty) are included. In competitive inferiority competencies, the following two sub-factors of certainty are included: safety from drone and delivery accidents, plus safety of personal and delivery information. Expectations of providing the best service, (a sub-factor of empathy) are also included.
Conclusions : In order to maintain a corporate competitive advantage, companies that provide drone delivery services must continuously provide reliable service information to customers, requiring attention and communication about customers' problems.
A Study on the Comparative Law for Acceptance of Electronic Bill of Lading in Republic of Korea: Focused on EU, UK, US, China, Singapore and Korean Commercial Law
Authors:   Korean Academy Of International Commerce, Inc., Kang Da-Hyeon , Hahn Jae-Phil
Published: July 2022

Purpose : This study contributes to promoting the use of electronic bills of lading by analyzing and Korean commercial law and the laws of major foreign countries, focusing on the EU, the UK, the US, China, and Singapore, and suggests related laws of major foreign countries and from Korean commercial law for revising the international trade environment.
Research design, data, methodology : The research methodology used in this study is a thorough review of the laws on electronic documents and electronic bills of lading in the EU, UK, US, China, Singapore, and Korea, and a thorough review of the literature and data.
Results : All major foreign countries have laws on electronic documents and electronic bills of lading, but with the exception of the US and Singapore, the legal status for acceptance of electronic bills of lading has not been established. Korean commercial law also covers electronic bills of lading, but the legal status was not completely established.
Conclusions : We provide practical guidelines for using electronic bills of lading by suggesting revisions to the relevant laws of major foreign countries and Korean commercial law in line with changes in the international trade environment.
Past and present Geomorphological hazard and cultural heritage loss in El Castellar castle scarp (central Ebro Basin, Spain)
Authors: Peña-Monné José Luis , Sampietro-Vattuone M. Marta , Espinalt-Brillas Marta , Gutiérrez-González Francisco J.
Published: July 2022

The ruins of the Medieval castle and village of El Castellar are located on an abrupt 1.2-km-long scarp of Miocene gypsums, in the central sector of the Ebro depression. The Medieval remains of the main El Castellar castle are perched on a 100 m cliff on the Ebro River. Considering the historical and geoarchaeological relevance of El Castellar settlement, this investigation aimed to study the geomorphological and paleoenvironmental context of the site during and after the settlement and its later evolution, including its current state. Geomorphological data suggest that in Medieval times its constructions were favored by the MCA environmental conditions. During that times, the Ebro River was located in a centered position on its floodplain, and lateral alluvial fans protected the scarp from basal erosion. Later, during the LIA, great climatic flows and recurrent floods changed the river dynamics and promoted the river channel movement against the scarp, destabilizing its foot and generating large landslides and rockfalls, thus promoting its retreat. The village buildings and castle at the top of the scarp were seriously damaged. For several reasons, the area is not easily accessible, but it still contains a relevant archaeological heritage that deserves to be studied and preserved.
The role of combined diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy in unexplained infertility
Authors: Selim Rifaat , Al Gergawy Adel El Shahat , Shaheen Karam Abd Elfattah , Balaha Magdy Hassan
Published: July 2022

Background: The two approaches for evaluating the female reproductive system are hysteroscopy and laparoscopy. Laparoscopy is becoming a standard component of infertility evaluation by virtue of its capability to visualize and manipulate the uterus, the ovaries and fallopian tubes. Hysteroscopy has become an important investigative tool for discovering possible causes of female infertility by examining the uterine cavity. The goal of this study was to examine the role of hystero-laparoscopy in diagnosis women with unexplained infertility.Methods: A total of 202 cases who were 20-35 years old women with 1ry or 2ry unexplained infertility were studied in this cross-sectional observational analytical study. All patients were subjected to: evaluation (physical, abdominal and bimanual), routine laboratory investigations, basic investigations (documentation of sound ovarian factor: hormonal assays and pelvic ultrasonography, normal hysterosalpingography, normal husband semen analysis) and hysterosalpingography (HSG) was reviewed or completed.Results: Abnormal laparoscopic was significantly higher in secondary cases compered to primary infertility (p=0.043). Abnormal combined hystero-laparoscopic was significantly higher in 2ry infertile cases compered to 1ry infertile cases (p=0.006). Pairwise comparison between 1ry and 2ry infertility was statistically significant difference (P=0.004).Conclusions: The percentage of abnormalities found during laparoscopy and hysteroscopy, are difficult to be visualized by the use of other noninvasive methods. While a thorough history, thorough examination, and early studies such as pelvic ultrasonography can all lead to the suspicion of numerous abnormalities, a considerable percentage of abnormalities may go undetected.
Accuracy of foot length, head, chest, mid-arm and calf circumference for the diagnosis of low birth weight in Ile-Ife
Authors: Ugowe Osagie J. , Adejuyigbe Ebunoluwa A. , Adeodu Oluwagbemiga O. , Fajobi Olusola , Ugowe Olaide O.
Published: July 2022

Background: Statistics from the Nigeria demographic and health survey (NDHS) 2018 revealed that about 59% of women delivered at home and only 24% of babies were weighed at birth. Subsequently, many small babies may have been missed. It is therefore necessary to identify alternative and effective surrogates to birth weight especially in places where weighing scales are not available through the use of simple and familiar tools.Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving the measurement of birth weight, occipitofrontal circumference (OFC), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), chest circumference (ChC), calf circumference (CC) and foot length (FL). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine degree of relationship between the anthropometric parameters and low birth weight. Cut-off values (with the highest sensitivity and specificity) were determined and diagnostic accuracy was performed using the area under the receiver’s operating characteristics (ROC) curve.Results: All anthropometric measurements correlated positively with birth weight. With each unit increase in the MUAC, the odds for low-birth weight outcome decreased with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.099 (95% CI 0.045-0.213; p<0.001). Cut-offs and area under the curve (AUC) values for OFC, MUAC, chest circumference, calf circumference and foot length were 32.9 cm, 9.8 cm, 30.2 cm, 9.8 cm and 7.4 cm; and 0.93, 0.97, 0.96, 0.96 and 0.92 respectively.Conclusions: MUAC had the best predictive performance in detecting low birth weight. The findings of this study provide an opportunity for early identification of low birth weight especially among out-of-facility births so that life-saving interventions can be instituted early.
Changes in double-cortin immunoreactive neurons in the prefrontal cortex of male rat following chronic khat use
Authors: Karau Paul Bundi , Odula Paul , Obimbo Moses , Ogonda-Ihunwo Amadi , Pilani Nkomozepi , Karau Muriira
Published: July 2022

: Chronic use of khat has been associated with neurocognitive changes. Among the cells affected and responsible for the changes in cognition are immature neurons. This study aims to outline the changes in histomorphometry of immature neurons on chronic use of khat.

Young adult wistar rats were randomized into controls, and three experimental groups to receive 500mg/kg, 1000mg/kg and 2000mg/kg crude khat extracts respectively. After 6 weeks the animals were sacrificed and their brains removed. We performed immunohistochemical visualization of immature neurons using double-cortin staining. Photomicrographs of the stained sections were transferred to Image J-Fiji software to study the staining neurons. We used Kruskal-Wallis test to correlate the four animal groups in terms of astrocyte densities.

Double-cortin immunoreactive neurons were observed in all animal groups, and an increase in the number and complexity of the neurons was noted in khat-fed rats compared to controls, with the highest concentration noted in low dose khat (500mg/kg) compared to controls (p<0.04). Higher doses of khat were associated with an increase in immunoreactive neurons, but no statistical difference compared to controls.

Khat use may cause an increase in immature neurons possibly due to neuronal damage with attempts at repair.
A study to determine age at menarche and its relationship with nutritional and socio-demographic status in selected government schools Belagavi, Karnataka: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Belavaneki Mangala , Kour Harpreet
Published: July 2022

Menarche is the occurrence of first menstrual blood flow or menses in a female adolescent. Nutritional status and socio-demographic status plays an important role in the attainment of menarche. Girls with good nutritional status will get menarche in proper age compared to malnutrition girls and overweight girls. Both excess nutritional intake and insufficient nutritional intake will greatly affect the age at menarche.

To determine the age at menarche and to find the nutritional profile of adolescent school girls from selected government schools, Belagavi. It is to find an association between age at menarche and nutritional profile, and socio-demographic factors.

Cross sectional study done in 116 adolescent girls of age group between 11-16 years in selected government schools in Belagavi. 15 schools were selected by simple random sampling from each school 8 girls were selected using systematic random sampling. Data entry was done using the Microsoft office tools and analysis was done using IBM SPSS 21.

 The average age at menarche was 12.4±1.0 years. The majority of the participants' BMI was normal, i.e., 56 (48.28%), and 53 (45.69%) participants were underweighted. 99 (85.3%) of the participants are from an upper-middle-class family.

The present study concluded that the mean age at menarche was 12.4±1.0 years. There was no significant association between menarcheal age and sociodemographic status or anthropometric measurements, but there was an association between menarcheal age and body aches and nutritional status. Good nutritional status declines the age at menarche.
Pressure, waves, and the cardiovascular system: A biophysical perspective for undergraduate students
Authors: Malaki Sarvesh , Calton Rajneesh , Pramod John
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study is to demonstrate and integrate biophysical principles in imparting concepts in haemodynamics of the cardiovascular system particularly for the beginners in medical academics. We have used simple analogies to illustrate origin of pressure, flow dynamics, pressure tension radius of vasculature relationship for an easy understanding of cardiovascular function. Although these biophysical principles are age-old and validated over time, the application of these principles finds lesser space in teaching of physiology to medical students. The article will also give a different perspective of explaining cardiovascular concepts to the teaching faculty of physiology and human biology.
Characterization of Crystalline Aquifers in Ouaddaï Division (East of Chad) Using Electrical Resistivity Method: A Case Study of Waguiré and Anourchi
Authors: Adoua Njueya Kopa , Ali Ahmat Hissein , Victor Kenfack Jean , Lucas Kengni , Stéphanie Dannou Chezie , Imérina Tankeuoo Kopa , Guimolaire Nkouathio David , Maurice Kwékam
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to locate suitable aquifers that can be exploited with their structural and hydraulic characteristics. So for this aim, combination of geoelectrical and drilling techniques was used. Eight electrical trailing and Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) were carried out with Syscal R1 - Plus resistivimeter, using Schlumberger array. VES data were interpreted using the Ipi2win software, and geohydraulic parameters (conductivity, transmissivity, and porosity) were estimated based on geoelectric parameters computed. Results show four favorable shapes of electrical trailing (W, U, V, and H -shapes) and four types of VES curves (H, HA, QH and HKH). Three to five geoelectric layers were delineated from analysis of VES curves with aquifer resistivity influenced by clay content, varying from 6.09 to 33.84 Ω.m and thickness from 5.54 to 17.35 m. Computed hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity, and porosity vary from 14.19 to 70.93 m/day, 92.36 to 429.13 m²/day, and 37.44 to 44.68% respectively. The groundwater potential of the area ranges from moderate to high potential. Based on these geohydraulic parameters, two points (VES4 and VES7) were chosen to drill a hole. Drillings were a success and yield ranging from 2.72 m3/h to 3.12 m3/h. This study reveals that geohydraulic parameters could be an alternative to choose where to drill a positive borehole in the area with a similar geological context.
The Law of Endogenous Pollution Release from Reservoirs in Arid Regions
Authors: Gao Feng , Qiao Ying
Published: July 2022

To maintain a healthy water eco-environment in the Yazidang Reservoir of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China, this study designed an indoor experiment to simulate the release of nitrogen and phosphorus and study the influencing factors in it. In the experiment, environmental factors of water temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO) were changed one by one to study the law of the release intensity of nitrogen and phosphorus, and the results revealed that: with the rise of temperature, the release amount of nitrogen and phosphorus increases significantly; the release intensity is the lowest under neutral condition and higher under acidic or alkaline conditions; under different DO levels, the change trend of nitrogen and phosphorus release is obvious, the release intensity increases significantly in anoxic environment, while in oxygen-rich environment, it decreases obviously. The research is very meaningful for the water pollution control of the Yazidang Reservoir and the eco-environment protection of inflow rivers, and the research findings attained in this paper could provide useful evidence for the water environment management and water ecology restoration of Yazidang Reservoir.