bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arterial hypertension as a global neurological problem and the prospect of multifactorial cerebroprotection: Focus on combination drugs
Authors: Putilina M. V.
Published: August 2024

According to a WHO report, the number of patients with arterial hypertension in the world has increased from 650 million to 1.3 billion over a relatively short period of about 10 years. In neurological practice, fluctuations in blood pressure are associated with acute cerebrovascular accidents, chronic cerebral ischemia, cognitive impairment, and dementia. At the same time, low blood pressure also causes irreversible changes in the cerebral cortex, especially in elderly patients, and is associated with a risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and neurodegeneration, therefore, in foreign literature, fluctuations in blood pressure are considered a global neurological problem. The versatility of pathological changes in a number of risk factors for the development of hypertension requires early prescription of cerebroprotectors – drugs that affect all parts of the neurovascular unit. One of the modern treatment strategies is the use of polypills, which are a combination of 2 or 3 medicinal substances in one tablet. The polypill strategy is reflected in new treatment regimens for neurological diseases. Complexes of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with vitamins or muscle relaxants, several antioxidants, and two neuroprotectors have proven themselves to be effective. Fixed combinations are the basis for multifactorial cerebroprotection without increasing the pharmacological load, a way to increase compliance. The fixed combination of Picamilon + Ginkgo Biloba extract is an example of optimal synergism as pharmacodynamic (potentiation and summation of the vasoprotective and antioxidant effects of Picamilon on the one hand, enhancing the neurotransmitter effect of Ginkgo Biloba extract on the other) and pharmacokinetic (the complex does not require dose adjustment depending on the age of the patients, since the composition was selected according to long-term clinical trials in optimal dosages) action.
Treatment of functional neurological disorders by example of a patient with cardiac neurosis, tension headache, musculoskeletal pain and insomnia
Authors: Golovacheva V. A. , Golovacheva A. A.
Published: August 2024

The article presents a clinical case of a patient with cardioneurosis, frequent episodic tension headaches involving the pericranial muscles, chronic musculoskeletal cervicalgia, thoracalgia, chronic insomnia and increased anxiety. The above disorders are listed among the most common reasons for seeking outpatient care from a neurologist. The majority of patients with these disorders are young people of working and reproductive age. For this reason, it is important to consider an effective, modern approach to the treatment of such patients in outpatient neurological settings. Treatment of this category of patients is quite a challenge that requires the expert knowledge, experience and attentive attitude of the doctor towards the patient. Difficulties in treating such patients are associated with the fact that they have misconceptions about their disease, catastrophic thinking about their symptoms, avoidance behaviours, unhealthy lifestyle and distress for a long time, increased emotional sensitivity to current events, and stressful events that preceded their disease. Despite the increased level of anxiety and the psychosomatic nature of the complaints, many patients refuse to consult a psychiatrist and take antidepressants in real neurological practice.  The Sechenov University Clinic of Nervous Diseases offered the patient a comprehensive approach to the treatment that comprises awareness conversations, recommendations on sleep hygiene and lifestyle, the short-term use of Valocordin, cognitive-behavioural therapy, relaxation and mindfulness, and kinesiotherapy. The detailed clinical conversations with the patient and examination data allowed to identify all factors that provoked and supported cardioneurosis, pain syndromes, insomnia that was caused by stressful events in the anamnesis, misconceptions about her condition and treatment methods, catastrophizing of symptoms, erroneous strategies for overcoming pain, anxiety and insomnia, physical inactivity, prolonged static load. The treatment process included therapeutic dealing with all of the listed factors. The complex treatment resulted in a decrease in patient’s pain and cardioneurotic symptoms, improvement of her sleep and emotional state, and returning to her previous active lifestyle.
Possibilities and prospects of the MR morphometry method in the diagnosis of dementia
Authors: Ternovykh I. К. , Vorobyev S. V. , Yanishevskiy S. N. , Tantasheva A. M. , Shubina К. M. , Antusheva M. S. , Satieva M. G.
Published: August 2024

Dementia is one variant severe disorder’s higher cortical function and is currently considered as one most important cause a decrease in the quality household, social adaptation patients, and a violation their ability function in the world around them. It can be formed in a wide range disease, main which are neurodegenerative processes, in particular Alzheimer’s disease. In the diagnosis cognitive disorders, in addition to clinical and neuropsychological, as well as laboratory examination, modern methods computer neuroimaging plays an essential role. Same time, significant importance is attached research based on magnetic resonance, which has achieved great progress in recent years. Changes recorded by structural magnetic resonance imaging (MR tomography) often “lag behind” recorded clinical symptoms and are determined advanced disease. New MR methods have been proposed to verify early manifestations of neurodegenerative changes observed in the brain. These include, in particular, MR morphometry. It allows you to determine absolute values severity of atrophic changes, to establish their exact topical localization. Its use not only improves the possibilities of diagnosis pre-stage stages, but also improves quality of differential diagnosis various pathogenetic variants observed cognitive disorders. In addition, use special postprocessing data processing programs reduce the likelihood errors in interpretation received data. Currently, three options have been proposed for evaluating the results of MR morphometry, based on the analysis volume individual brain structures, thickness gray matter, as well as the spatial shape certain formations. Integrated use these options contributes highest quality MR morphometric examination of the brain during formation neurodegenerative process.
Anxiety Disorders in Clinical Practice (Clinical Observation and Literature Review)
Authors: Petelin D. S. , Sorokina O. Yu. , Galiautdinova A. N. , Dolgopolova Yu. V. , Volel B. A.
Published: August 2024

Anxiety disorders are the most common group of mental disorders. The high prevalence of anxiety disorders and their negative impact on the functioning and quality of life of patients determines the need for timely diagnosis and therapy. The review presents data on the clinical manifestations of anxiety, as well as on the main forms of anxiety disorders according to current classifications of mental disorders. An analysis is conducted on the relationship between somatic and cognitive manifestations of anxiety, explaining the difficulties in diagnosing and treating patients with a predominance of somatic symptoms. Cognitive features specific to patients with anxiety disorders are described. Approaches to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of anxiety disorders are provided, along with information on main psychometric scales. The importance of a clinical approach in diagnosing anxiety disorders is justified, and the role of para-clinical methods in establishing a diagnosis is described. According to recent consensus documents and clinical guidelines, the first-line therapies for anxiety disorders are cognitive-behavioral therapy and the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; the basics of both methods are described. Considering current research, both approaches have drawbacks, which necessitates the use of medication with an alternative mechanism of action. One such medication is the modern multimodal anxiolytic Aviandr, which has demonstrated high effectiveness and safety in treating patients with the most severe form of anxiety disorders – generalized anxiety disorder. The main points of the review are illustrated with a clinical example of the successful use of Aviandr in a patient with generalized anxiety disorder.
Cineclube das crianças quilombolas: Espaço de participação e diálogo
Authors: Nogueira Valdenise Lima Pimentel , Miranda Joseval dos Reis , Oliveira Maria das Graças
Published: August 2024

Distanciando-se da visão didatizante do cinema na escola, as atividades cineclubistas ampliam o repertório cultural, fomentam reflexões sobre o mundo e problematizam o pensar e fazer cinema. Durante as sessões, o direito do encontro e a liberdade de expressão mediam a participação dos estudantes, aqui, em particular, as crianças dos quilombos Gurugi e Ipiranga, situados no Conde-PB, os quais são participantes do Cineclube da Escola Municipal de Educação Infantil e Ensino Fundamental José Albino Pimentel. Ao investigarmos o projeto de cinema, desenvolvido nesta unidade, questionamos: como se configurou a relação das crianças com esse artefato? Ancorados nesse questionamento, objetivamos analisar a participação de crianças quilombolas no Cineclube escolar. O desenho metodológico se estruturou em torno de estudos qualitativos, realizados por meio de pesquisa documental e exploratória. Para a leitura dos dados, fizemos uso da técnica de análise de conteúdo de Laurence Bardin (2009). Os achados revelaram que as crianças participaram das atividades cineclubistas ocupando a centralidade. O Cineclube se constitui, nesta experiência, como espaço de diálogo, prazer e fomento à produção audiovisual de autoria.
Aprendizagem significativa sob a ótica de docentes de ciências
Authors: Moreira Eliani Jordana da Silva , Do Nascimento Tássio Lessa , Bertini Luciana Medeiros
Published: August 2024

: Este estudo é resultado de um trabalho de curso de especialização que teve como objetivo analisar as concepções de docentes de Ciências, atuantes no Ensino Fundamental, sobre aprendizagem significativa, embasada pela teoria de David Ausubel. A investigação consistiu em uma abordagem qualitativa e como procedimento metodológico foi aplicado um questionário, organizado em dois blocos. As perguntas do bloco I permitiram caracterizar o público-alvo da pesquisa, já no bloco II foram apresentadas questões que enfatizaram a compreensão dos docentes sobre aprendizagem significativa, revelando suas concepções acerca do objeto investigado. As respostas foram tratadas por meio da análise de conteúdo, fundamentadas nos pressupostos de Bardin. Os resultados da investigação indicaram que para este grupo de profissionais a aprendizagem do aluno ocorre de maneira significativa quando o professor consegue despertar no discente o interesse e a curiosidade, através do desenvolvimento de atividades que o estimulam e desafiam a buscar soluções, tornando-o elemento central no processo de aprendizagem. Para estes docentes, aprender significativamente está atrelado à contextualização dos conteúdos, ou seja, à associação do conhecimento escolar à sua vida. Não foi identificada nenhuma relação deste tipo de aprendizagem com os conhecimentos prévios dos alunos, sendo um dos pressupostos da teoria que embasa este trabalho.
Moral qualities of Russians: generational approach
Authors: Akulich Maria M. , Ilyina Ilona V.
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of the moral state of three generations of Russian citizens (children, fathers and grandfathers). There are negative trends in the development of the moral state of modern society, which are noted by researchers in various scientific fields (sociology, psychology, ethics). We attempted to give a comparative characterization of the moral qualities of representatives of the younger generations Y and Z, their fathers’ generation X and their grandfathers’ generations (baby boomers). At the same time, the moral qualities traditional for the Russian people were taken as a moral guideline. A generational approach was used as the theoretical basis and the empirical basis was a questionnaire survey of 9,751 Russian university students. The results of the study showed that all moral qualities are present in one way or another in all the studied generations, i.e. it is possible to talk about the continuity of basic moral characteristics. However, according to the assessments of young people, there has been a significant decrease in the manifestation of basic moral qualities. Specifically, kindness, mutual assistance, the ability to interact in a team, empathy, responsiveness, generosity, conscientiousness, responsibility, self-discipline, industriousness, trust, loyalty, integrity and patriotism of the generation of grandparents to generations of children and grandchildren. Only such morally neutral qualities as adaptation and flexibility have increased in the younger generation compared to their fathers and grandfathers.
Artificial intelligence in the judicial system: advantages and risks
Authors: Buzova Natalia V.
Published: August 2024

The increasing entrepreneurial activity has led to a growth in the number of cases being handled by the judicial system. In order to reduce the workload on the courts and expand public access to justice, digital technologies are being adopted in judicial activities around the world, and experiments are being conducted on the use of artificial intelligence technologies for performing certain procedural actions. The article examines examples of the use of artificial intelligence technologies by judicial authorities in different countries. The results of these experiments show that existing artificial intelligence technologies can efficiently process large volumes of information, identify the applicable legal norms, and generate draft judicial documents based on similar past cases. However, the complete replacement of a judge with technology is currently extremely risky due to various potential risks, including the possibility of making unjust decisions. Artificial intelligence technologies may face difficulties in processing abstract concepts (such as reasonableness and justice), that are typically employed in legal principles. It seems that further implementation of digital technologies and the creation of additional online services will help reduce the workload on the courts and enable citizens to exercise their right to judicial protection. Nevertheless, large-scale integration of artificial intelligence technology into judicial activities requires further research, including testing its application in simple case categories and for specific procedural actions.
Palmeras comunes del bosque ribereño del Lago Valencia (Madre de Dios, Perú): usos, semillas y propagación
Authors: Ramos-Huapaya Andrea E. , Arenas-Faustor Paola , Lombardi Ignacio
Published: August 2024

The Madre de Dios region, considered the biodiversity capital of Peru, is home to a great diversity of palms. However, there are few studies on the palm common in riparian forest. In this sense, it is essential to carry out projects and initiatives that describe the palm, their uses, their seeds and their propagation, in order to know, conserve and sustainably manage this resource. Therefore, the objective of this research was to identify part of the diversity of common palm in Madre de Dios, in order to encourage to conservation of riparian forests, taking reference to the riparian forest of Valencia Lake (Las Piedras district, Tambopata, Madre de Dios). The research was carried out at the Valencia Station of the NGO Inkaterra Asociation, identifying 10 species of common palm by collecting fruits and processing seeds. It is recommended to continue with projects to learn about and identify the natural resources of forest ecosystems such as riparian forests, as well strategies for fruit collection and seed processing. It is also suggested that studies by conducted on the biology and ecology of forest seeds and palm seeds, the chemical characterization of the edible parts of palms, and complementary phenology studies to understand the possible effect of climate change on the life cycle of plants.
A Revolution in Healthcare: AI-powered Cancer Imaging
Authors: Kumar Gulshan , Verma Swati , Malviya Rishabha , Paliwal Sarvesh , Narayan Chaitanay Vinayak
Published: August 2024

Diagnosing and successfully treating cancer remains to be a formidable challenge. Cancer
diagnosis by conventional methods is laborious and highly subjective, reliant on the knowledge
and experience of radiologists and pathologists. With the combination of AI and ML technologies,
cancer imaging has seen a paradigm change. Medical imaging like CT, MRI, and PET
scans may be analyzed using AIML algorithms and deep neural networks for characteristics and
patterns that might indicate malignancy. More precise diagnosis and tailored treatment programs
are possible with their aid in tumor segmentation and categorization. A type of artificial intelligence
that has shown promise in cancer detection is radiomics. One more key approach utilized in
AI-powered cancer detection is texture analysis. This technique entails analyzing the spatial organization
of pixel intensities in a picture. The genetic elements that contribute to the genesis and
progression of cancer are becoming better understood with the development of artificial intelligence
systems that can analyze genomic data in addition to medical imaging. This review article
delves into the revolutionary effects of AI and ML on cancer imaging, showcasing significant
progress, obstacles, and potential solutions. Early detection, diagnosis, and personalized treatment
methods are being transformed by these technologies, which are making use of the massive quantities
of medical data that are accessible. The result is an improvement in patient outcomes.
Development and Validation of a High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography Method for Simultaneous Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Scutellarin and Scutellarein in S. barbata D. Don
Authors: Pannu Arzoo , Goyal Ramesh K.
Published: August 2024

Background:

S. barbata D. Don, a perennial herb from the Lamiaceae family, is renowned
for its medicinal properties, with scutellarin and scutellarein being key bioactive constituents.

Aim:

In this study, we present the development and validation of a High-Performance Thin-
Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) method for the simultaneous quantitative and qualitative
analysis of scutellarin and scutellarein in the hydroethanol extract of S. barbata D. Don.

Methods:

The chromatographic conditions were optimized using different solvent systems, and
validation was performed as per ICH guidelines.

Results:

The mobile phase comprising Ethyl acetate: methanol: formic acid: water (20: 2.7:
0.5: 2) and scanning wavelength set at 254 nm was optimized for study, resulting in distinct
and well-separated spots for scutellarin and scutellarein with Rf values of 0.31 and 0.96, respectively.
The method was rigorously validated to ensure reliability and reproducibility. Calibration
curves exhibited excellent linearity for both scutellarin (r² > 0.98) and scutellarein (r² >
0.99) over a concentration range of 10-30 μg/ml. The developed method underwent thorough
validation following ICH guidelines. Validation parameters included accuracy, limit of quantification,
limit of detection, linearity, precision, and recovery. The determined concentration of
scutellarin and scutellarein in the hydroethanolic extract of S. barbata D. Don was found to be
27.00 μg/mg and 20.16 μg/mg of extract, respectively.

Conclusion:

This proposed method demonstrates its utility for both qualitative and quantitative
analyses of scutellarin and scutellarein in the hydroethanolic extract of S. barbata D. Don, offering
a reliable and validated approach for quality control and standardization in the herbal
product industry.
Remdesivir: A Review of Analytical Methods for the Drug Substance, Pharmaceutical Formulations and Biological Matrices
Authors: de Almeida Bertassoni Breno , Pinto Eduardo Costa , de Amorim Magali Silva , de Moraes Marcela Cristina
Published: August 2024

Remdesivir (RDV) is a nucleoside analogue prodrug that acts as a viral RNA polymerase
inhibitor, triggering chain termination following its incorporation. Approved for the treatment
of COVID-19 in 2020, RDV is administered intravenously. This article presents the main
physicochemical characteristics of the compound and outlines the most relevant pharmacokinetic
and pharmacodynamic aspects. The main analytical methods described in the literature for the detection
and quantification of RDV in biological matrices, raw materials, and formulations are presented
herein, as well as those for the analysis of degradation products and synthesis impurities.
Discussion includes the advantages and disadvantages of these methods, alongside their limits of
detection and quantification. Chromatographic methods using a C18 stationary phase, gradient elution
with a mobile phase containing up to 100% acetonitrile, and mass spectrometry detection
with electron spray ionization in positive mode represent the main choice for RDV determination
in biological matrices. While for raw material and formulation analysis, detection is conducted
mainly by employing UV in the 237–254 nm range. Impurity detection primarily utilizes C18
columns, isocratic elution with a mobile phase containing up to 70% acetonitrile, and UV detection
(237–247 nm). The literature reports fifteen impurities, requiring further RDV stability
studies for identifying and quantifying impurities, as well as the development of chiral methods
and pharmacopeia standardization.
Protective Effect of Carvacrol against Oxidative Damage in Aged Rats
Authors: Forqani Mohammad Amin , Akbarian Mahsan , Amirahmadi Sabiheh , Khorrami Mohammad Bagher , Hosseini Mahmoud , Forouzanfar Fatemeh
Published: August 2024

Background:

Aging affects cellular functions and impairs tissue homeostasis. Carvacrol,
a polyphenolic compound, has been shown to exert a wide range of pharmacological effects,
such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer characteristics.

Methods:

This investigation aimed to evaluate the effect of carvacrol in elderly male rats. Carvacrol
at a dose of 15 or 30 mg/kg was administrated daily per os for 60 days to aged rats. The liver,
heart, and kidney samples were taken for the analysis of oxidative stress markers. Serum samples
were used to evaluate liver enzymes (alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase
(AST)).

Results:

The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver, heart, and kidney tissues of aged rats
were higher. Conversely, the level of thiol was lower in the mentioned tissues than in the young
control group.
The levels of MDA in the liver, heart, and kidney tissues of aged rats were significantly reduced by
carvacrol, which was accompanied by increased levels of total thiol. ALT and AST levels were
higher in the serum of aged rats than in the young control ones. Carvacrol decreased ALT and AST
levels in the serum of aged rats versus aged control rats.

Conclusion:

Carvacrol can be effective in protecting susceptible aged tissues and organs by increasing
antioxidant defenses and decreasing liver enzymes.
Quemas prescritas y biodiversidad de morfoespecies de coleópteros en un bosque de pino
Authors: Fonseca-González Juana , Cibrián-Tovar David , De los Santos-Posadas Héctor Manuel , Meza Rangel Joel , Rodríguez-Ortega Alejandro , Juárez-Muñoz Juana
Published: August 2024

El fuego es un componente importante de los ecosistemas, sin embargo, durante muchos años se percibió como una amenaza y se intentó excluir, afectando el proceso de sucesión ecológica y aumentando la carga de combustibles. Una de las estrategias más utilizadas para restaurar el régimen del fuego son las quemas prescritas, pero aún no se conocen claramente las consecuencias en los distintos componentes del ecosistema. Es por esto, que en el presente trabajo se evaluó el efecto de una quema prescrita sobre la biodiversidad de morfoespecies de coleópteros en un bosque de Pinus montezumae, a través de la recolecta de insectos en trampas cebadas con frontalina. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el índice de biodiversidad de morfoespecies del área con quema prescrita y el área aledaña a la que no se le aplicó el fuego. Se recolectaron más especímenes en el área con quema, sobre todo representantes de las familias Bruchidae y Curculionidae (específicamente Scolytinae). En el sitio sin quema prescrita se presentaron solo 18 familias de Coleoptera de las 21 que se registraron en el área quemada, sin embargo, el análisis de Escalamiento Multidimensional No-métrico (NMDS) mostró que la composición de ambas comunidades fue semejante.
THE INFLUENCE OF COLD ROLLING TREATMENT ON THE SS 316L SURFACE PROPERTIES
Authors: Majid Aulia , Palmiyanto Martinus Heru
Published: August 2024

The biomedical field is increasingly developing with the creation of biomaterial dental crown products that can be used if teeth are damaged from an aesthetic perspective. 316L stainless steel is a biomaterial because it has good corrosion resistance and high mechanical characteristics. However, the corrosion resistance and mechanical strength of 316L stainless steel still need to be improved so that it can be a better dental crown material. This research objective is to increase the mechanical value of 316L stainless steel by cold rolling treatment. Variations in reducing thickness by cold rolling consist of 0%, 5%, and 12%. After that, the specimen will be tested for Vickers hardness on the specimen surface and wettability. The results obtained after the treatment were carried out that the greater the variation in reducing the thickness of the specimen, the greater the Vickers hardness value. However, in the wettability test, the contact angle value decreased along with increasing variations in thickness reduction. The increase in surface hardness value is due to the granules becoming denser due to the influence of cold rolling. This reduces the contact angle value so that the value of all variations becomes less than 90˚.
GOOGLE SITES: DEVELOPMENT OF 3D CAD TUTORIAL VIDEO FOR CLASS XI AT SMKN 1 BLITAR
Authors: Azizah Ambar Isna , Herwanto Heru Wahyu
Published: August 2024

This development research is using the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation) with a quantitative approach. The discussion of the research results is limited to the development stage until the product feasibility validation test. The data collection instrument of this research is a questionnaire with a Likert scale (1-4). The development of 3D drawing video tutorial media using the ADDIE model provides good feasibility test results. This can be proven through the results of product validity tests on media experts with a percentage of 94.44% which means very feasible, on material experts with a percentage of 88.75% which means very feasible, and validity tests based on small-scale student responses with a percentage of 85% which means very feasible. These results indicate that the development of this 3D drawing video tutorial can be used in learning. Based on the overall percentage gain from the results of the product feasibility validity test, it can be said that the 3D drawing video tutorial media displayed through the utilization of the google sites platform is considered feasible to use in learning.
Leveraging Open-Source Large Language Models for Data Augmentation in Hospital Staff Surveys: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Ehrett Carl , Hegde Sudeep , Andre Kwame , Liu Dixizi , Wilson Timothy
Published: August 2024

Background

Generative large language models (LLMs) have the potential to revolutionize medical education by generating tailored learning materials, enhancing teaching efficiency, and improving learner engagement. However, the application of LLMs in health care settings, particularly for augmenting small datasets in text classification tasks, remains underexplored, particularly for cost- and privacy-conscious applications that do not permit the use of third-party services such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT.

Objective

This study aims to explore the use of open-source LLMs, such as Large Language Model Meta AI (LLaMA) and Alpaca models, for data augmentation in a specific text classification task related to hospital staff surveys.

Methods

The surveys were designed to elicit narratives of everyday adaptation by frontline radiology staff during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. A 2-step process of data augmentation and text classification was conducted. The study generated synthetic data similar to the survey reports using 4 generative LLMs for data augmentation. A different set of 3 classifier LLMs was then used to classify the augmented text for thematic categories. The study evaluated performance on the classification task.

Results

The overall best-performing combination of LLMs, temperature, classifier, and number of synthetic data cases is via augmentation with LLaMA 7B at temperature 0.7 with 100 augments, using Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach (RoBERTa) for the classification task, achieving an average area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) curve of 0.87 (SD 0.02; ie, 1 SD). The results demonstrate that open-source LLMs can enhance text classifiers’ performance for small datasets in health care contexts, providing promising pathways for improving medical education processes and patient care practices.

Conclusions

The study demonstrates the value of data augmentation with open-source LLMs, highlights the importance of privacy and ethical considerations when using LLMs, and suggests future directions for research in this field.
Factors Contributing to Successful Information System Implementation and Employee Well-Being in Health Care and Social Welfare Professionals: Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nadav Janna , Kaihlanen Anu-Marja , Kujala Sari , Keskimäki Ilmo , Viitanen Johanna , Salovaara Samuel , Saukkonen Petra , Vänskä Jukka , Vehko Tuulikki , Heponiemi Tarja
Published: August 2024

Background

The integration of information systems in health care and social welfare organizations has brought significant changes in patient and client care. This integration is expected to offer numerous benefits, but simultaneously the implementation of health information systems and client information systems can also introduce added stress due to the increased time and effort required by professionals.

Objective

This study aimed to examine whether professional groups and the factors that contribute to successful implementation (participation in information systems development and satisfaction with software providers’ development work) are associated with the well-being of health care and social welfare professionals.

Methods

Data were obtained from 3 national cross-sectional surveys (n=9240), which were carried out among Finnish health care and social welfare professionals (registered nurses, physicians, and social welfare professionals) in 2020‐2021. Self-rated stress and stress related to information systems were used as indicators of well-being. Analyses were conducted using linear and logistic regression analysis.

Results

Registered nurses were more likely to experience self-rated stress than physicians (odds ratio [OR] –0.47; P>.001) and social welfare professionals (OR –0.68; P<.001). They also had a higher likelihood of stress related to information systems than physicians (b=–.11; P<.001). Stress related to information systems was less prevalent among professionals who did not participate in information systems development work (b=–.14; P<.001). Higher satisfaction with software providers’ development work was associated with a lower likelihood of self-rated stress (OR –0.23; P<.001) and stress related to information systems (b=–.36 P<.001). When comparing the professional groups, we found that physicians who were satisfied with software providers’ development work had a significantly lower likelihood of stress related to information systems (b=–.12; P<.001) compared with registered nurses and social welfare professionals.

Conclusions

Organizations can enhance the well-being of professionals and improve the successful implementation of information systems by actively soliciting and incorporating professional feedback, dedicating time for information systems development, fostering collaboration with software providers, and addressing the unique needs of different professional groups.
Bridging the Telehealth Digital Divide With Collegiate Navigators: Mixed Methods Evaluation Study of a Service-Learning Health Disparities Course
Authors: Doueiri Zakaria Nadeem , Bajra Rika , Srinivasan Malathi , Schillinger Erika , Cuan Nancy
Published: August 2024

Background

Limited digital literacy is a barrier for vulnerable patients accessing health care.

Objective

The Stanford Technology Access Resource Team (START), a service-learning course created to bridge the telehealth digital divide, trained undergraduate and graduate students to provide hands-on patient support to improve access to electronic medical records (EMRs) and video visits while learning about social determinants of health.

Methods

START students reached out to 1185 patients (n=711, 60% from primary care clinics of a large academic medical center and n=474, 40% from a federally qualified health center). Registries consisted of patients without an EMR account (at primary care clinics) or patients with a scheduled telehealth visit (at a federally qualified health center). Patient outcomes were evaluated by successful EMR enrollments and video visit setups. Student outcomes were assessed by reflections coded for thematic content.

Results

Over 6 academic quarters, 57 students reached out to 1185 registry patients. Of the 229 patients contacted, 141 desired technical support. START students successfully established EMR accounts and set up video visits for 78.7% (111/141) of patients. After program completion, we reached out to 13.5% (19/141) of patients to collect perspectives on program utility. The majority (18/19, 94.7%) reported that START students were helpful, and 73.7% (14/19) reported that they had successfully connected with their health care provider in a digital visit. Inability to establish access included a lack of Wi-Fi or device access, the absence of an interpreter, and a disability that precluded the use of video visits. Qualitative analysis of student reflections showed an impact on future career goals and improved awareness of health disparities of technology access.

Conclusions

Of the patients who desired telehealth access, START improved access for 78.7% (111/141) of patients. Students found that START broadened their understanding of health disparities and social determinants of health and influenced their future career goals.
Authors’ Response to Peer Reviews of “In-Silico Works Using an Improved Hovorka Equations Model and Clinical Works on the Control of Blood Glucose Levels in People With Type 1 Diabetes: Comparison Study” (Preprint)
Authors: Som Ayub Md , Sohadi Nur Amanina Mohd , Nor Noor Shafina Mohd , Ali Sherif  Abdulbari , Ahmad Mohd  Aizad
Published: August 2024

UNSTRUCTURED
Generative Artificial Intelligence in Medicine:
A Mixed Methods Survey of UK General Practitioners (Preprint)
Authors: Blease Charlotte , Kharko Anna , Locher Cosima , Torous John , Rosch Sophie Anna , Hägglund Maria , Gaab Jens , McMillan Brian , Sundemo David , Mandl Kenneth D.
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Since November 2022, with the debut of OpenAI’s ChatGPT, there has been growing interest in the use of generative artificial intelligence (AI), including in healthcare. However, there is only limited research into doctors’ adoption of these tools and their opinions about their application in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the opinions of general practitioners (GPs) in the United Kingdom (UK) about the use of generative AI tools (ChatGPT/Bard/Bing AI) in primary care.

METHODS

Between February 2nd-24th 2024, using a convenience sample, we administered a web-based mixed methods survey of 1000 GPs in the UK to explore their experiences and opinions about the impact of generative AI on clinical practice. Participants were recruited from registered GPs currently working in the UK using the clinician marketing service Doctors.net.uk. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and nonparametric tests. We used thematic content analysis to investigate free-text responses and conducted a qualitative descriptive analysis of written responses (“comments”) to 2 open-ended questions embedded in the web-based questionnaire.

RESULTS

A total of 1006 GPs responded, with 53% being male and 54% aged 46 years and older. Most GPs (80%) expressed a need for more support and training in understanding these tools. GPs at least somewhat agreed AI would improve documentation (59%), patient information gathering (56%), treatment plans (41%), diagnostic accuracy (40%), and prognostic accuracy (38%). Additionally, 62% believed patients might rely more on AI, 55% felt it could increase inequities, and 54% saw potential for patient harm, but 47% believed it would enhance healthcare efficiency. GPs who used these tools were significantly more optimistic about the scope for generative AI in improving clinical tasks compared with those who did not report using them. Elaborating on the quantitative component of the survey, 31% (307/1006) left comments that were classified into 4 major themes in relation to generative AI in medicine: (1) lack of familiarity and understanding, (2) a role in clinical practice, (3) concerns, and (4) thoughts on future of healthcare.

CONCLUSIONS

This study highlights UK GPs' perspectives on generative AI in clinical practice, emphasizing the need for more training. Many GPs reported a lack of knowledge and experience with this technology and a significant proportion used non-medical grade technology for clinical tasks, with the risks that this entails. Medical organizations must urgently invest in educating and guiding physicians on AI use and limitations.
Perspectivas de gestores escolares sobre formación, competencias y necesidades educativas en un contexto de pandemia
Authors: Cangue Justino
Published: August 2024

Este artículo es el resultado de una formación de gestores escolares realizada en el marco de la prevención de la pandemia de COVID-19 en Angola. El objetivo de la formación fue compartir procedimientos administrativos y pedagógicos, sensibilizar a la comunidad escolar y desarrollar un plan de acción integral para la prevención y el aprendizaje significativo de los alumnos. Se utilizó el enfoque cuantitativo, usando la técnica del cuestionario. También su emplearon técnicas cualitativas, (observación participante y el análisis de las opiniones de los participantes). La muestra estuvo formada por 168 gestores escolares. Los resultados revelan que es imprescindible formar a los gestores en técnicas de liderazgo y en acompañamiento de personas en el contexto de crisis de carácter grave. También se concluye en la necesidad de formar a los gestores en habilidades de inteligencia emocional en tiempos de pandemia.
formação do professor pedagogo: história, enfrentamentos e perspectivas
Authors: Schneider Linhares Clarice , Pedro Crevonis Galego João
Published: August 2024

Resumo: ao analisar a nova organização do trabalho pedagógico na escola pública, observa-se que há substituição de supervisores, orientadores e administradores (denominados especialistas da Educação) pelo pedagogo unitário ou pelo Professor Pedagogo. A figura do Professor Pedagogo foi adotada a partir de 2004/2005 pela Secretaria de Estado da Educação do Paraná (Seed-PR). A adoção ocorre em virtude da substituição ao modelo anterior. Com isso, esse profissional se torna responsável por toda a articulação do processo pedagógico no interior da escola. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa objetiva analisar a relação entre o campo de formação (efetuada pelo Curso de Pedagogia da Unicentro) e o campo de atuação (representada pelas escolas estaduais e pela Equipe Pedagógica do Núcleo Regional). Para isso, a pesquisa qualitativa explora técnicas que tradicionalmente são associadas à etnografia (observação participante, entrevista e análise de documento), sendo elas realizadas com a equipe pedagógica do núcleo regional e de escolas estaduais. Além disso, os dados coletados são analisados na interlocução do contexto legislativo. Verificou-se que implantação/substituição das atribuições ao Professor Pedagogo está sendo realizada de forma gradativa a partir de 2004. Outro aspecto levantado é em relação à avaliação de como essa implementação está ocorrendo, já que, nesse sentido, ela ainda é parcial. Portanto, a pesquisa permite elucidar e apontar a necessidade de orientar os Cursos de Pedagogia, para que eles atendam aos dispositivos do Conselho Nacional de Educação, instituídos pelas Diretrizes Curriculares, as quais recomendam a formação do pedagogo em Docência e Gestão Escolar, sendo características do “novo” Professor Pedagogo.
Palavras-chave: Trabalho pedagógico; Professor Pedagogo; Pedagogia; Educação básica; Formação.
Marilda Aparecida Behrens: educadora amorosa e exigente
Authors: Dallagassa Rossetin Ana Paula , Behrens Marilda Aparecida , Sezinando Santa'Ana Vaniza
Published: August 2024

Esse     trabalho  visa  investigar       a trajetória de uma mulher que dedicou a sua vida à educação, nos últimos 45 anos da sua vida. Dedica-se especialmente para a formação de professores dentro de uma universidade particular de grande porte no município de Curitiba, Marilda Aparecida Behrens. O presente estudo utiliza como abordagem metodológica a pesquisa qualitativa, como recurso elegeu-se a história de vida, e, mais especificamente, na  (auto)biografia  que contempla a narrativa de investigação profissional.  O objetivo deste estudo é discutir a relevância e empoderamento desta professora no cenário educacional, as escolhas de vida, buscando compreender experiências e vivências  que contribuíram para sua  atuação profissional no campo da Educação e mais especificamente na área de formação de professores.  A  temática está embasada na história de vida e fundamenta-se em autores  como Gaulejac (1996),  Santos (2003), Josso (2007)  e Delory-Momberger (2015).
Estado do conhecimento sobre alfabetização: tendências e lacunas na área
Authors: Ramos de Souza Araujo Mariane , Valéria Mosconi Mendes Katia , Oliver Martins Pura Lucia
Published: August 2024

Esse artigo apresenta o estado do conhecimento acerca da alfabetização, nos cursos de pós-graduação em educação em três universidades da cidade de Curitiba-PR. De abordagem qualitativa, tem o objetivo de levantar as tendências, recorrências e lacunas na produção do conhecimento nessa área da educação. A análise dos dados foi feita conforme Bardin (2011). Referenciais teóricos utilizados: Soares (2016, 2021), Ferreiro e Teberosky (1984), Capovilla e Capovilla (2000, 2002), Morais (2006). O estudo revela que a temática pode ter sua exploração ampliada, que há um provável deslocamento dos estudos do método para as práticas/estratégias alfabetizadoras e ainda sinaliza a necessidade desenvolver pesquisas na formação inicial de professores alfabetizadores.
Palavras-chave: alfabetização; estado do conhecimento; pós-graduação em educação.
ABSTRACT
This article presents literacy’s state of knowledge in education’s postgraduate courses at three universities of Curitiba-PR, using qualitative approach to verify trends, recurrences and gaps in knowledge production in this field. Data analysis was performed according to Bardin (2011). Theoretical references used: Soares (2016, 2021), Ferreiro and Teberosky (1984), Capovilla and Capovilla (2000, 2002), Morais (2006). The study reveals that the topic can be explored more broadly, there is a probable shift from method studies to literacy practices/strategies, and it also shows the need to develop research in literacy teachers’ initial training.
Keywords: literacy; state of knowledge; postgraduate in education.
RESUMEN
Este artículo presenta el estado del conocimiento sobre alfabetización, en cursos de posgrado en educación en tres universidades de la ciudad de Curitiba-PR. Con enfoque cualitativo, tiene el objetivo de estudiar tendencias, recurrencias y lagunas en la producción de conocimiento en esta área de la educación. El análisis de datos se realizó de acuerdo con Bardin (2011). Referencias teóricas utilizadas: Soares (2016, 2021), Ferreiro y Teberosky (1984), Capovilla y Capovilla (2000, 2002), Morais (2006). El estudio revela que el tema puede ser explorado más ampliamente, que hay un probable desplazamiento de los estudios sobre métodos hacia las prácticas/estrategias de alfabetización y también señala la necesidad de desarrollar investigaciones sobre la formación inicial de alfabetizadores.
Palabras-clave: alfabetización; estado del conocimiento; posgrado en educación.
O estado da questão sobre a escrita biográfica de educadoras brasileiras
Authors: Machado Fiuza Fialho Lia , Andrade de Sousa Francisca Genifer
Published: August 2024

Objetiva-se traçar o Estado da Questão (EQ) acerca da escrita biográfica de mulheres docentes em âmbito nacional possibilitando ampliar a visibilidade feminina na docência. Especificamente, busca-se evidenciar as principais discussões tecidas nas publicações, conhecer os percursos metodológicos utilizados e identificar as potencialidades e as lacunas existentes. Metodologicamente, utilizou-se a pesquisa do tipo EQ em três bases de dados: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações, Portal de Periódicos Capes e SiciELO. O EQ resultou em 46 estudos analisados na íntegra. Constatou-se que a metodologia da História Oral entrecruzada com fontes documentais como a mais utilizada, parca discussão sobre o exercício docente e potencialidade para preservar a memória e a história de mulheres.
Palavras-chave: Biografia; Professora; Educação de mulheres; Mulheres educadoras.
ABSTRACT
The objective is to trace the State of the Question (EQ) about the biographical writing of female teachers nationwide, making it possible to increase female visibility in teaching. Specifically, it seeks to highlight the main discussions woven in the publications, to know the methodological path use, and to identify the potentialities and existing gaps in the scientific research developed so far regarding this theme. As a methodological route, EQ-type research was used in three databases: Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, Portal de Periódicos Capes, and SciELO. The EQ resulted in 46 studies which were analyzed in full. The analyzes infer the methodology of Oral History intertwined with documentary sources as the most used; little discuss the teaching practice; and potential to preserve the memory and history of women.
Keywords: Biography; Teacher; Women's education; Women educators.
RESUMEN
El objetivo es trazar el Estado de la Cuestión (EC) sobre la escritura biográfica de las docentes a nivel nacional, que permita aumentar la visibilidad femenina en la docencia. Específicamente, busca resaltar las principales discusiones tejidas en las publicaciones, para conocer el camino metodológico utilizado; e identificar las potencialidades y vacíos existentes en las investigaciones científicas desarrolladas hasta el momento en torno a este tema. Como ruta metodológica se utilizó investigación tipo EQ en tres bases de datos: Biblioteca Digital de Tesis e Dissertações, Portal de Periódicos Capes y SciELO. El EQ resultó en 46 estudios, que fueron analizados en su totalidad. Los análisis infieren la metodología de la Historia Oral entrelazada con las fuentes documentales como la más utilizada; poco discuten la práctica docente; potencial para preservar la memoria y la historia de las mujeres.
Palabras-clave: Biografía; Maestra; Educación de la mujer; Mujeres educadoras