bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Varicella cellulitis in children (personal experience)
Authors: Konoplitskyi V. S. , Korobko Yu. Ye. , Dub A. S. , Dymchyna Yu. A. , Mykhalchuk T. I. , Sasiuk A. I.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. The frequency of complications with varicella is 5-30%, and their level is much higher in patients with immunodeficiencies. In 8-50% of hospitalized children with varicella virus infection develop skin and soft tissue complications such as cellulitis, lymphadenitis, abscess, hysteria, toxicoderma. They are located on vulnerable parts of the body against the background of a state of anergy in a sick child, which is caused by the varicella virus. The aim is highlight clinical and diagnostic features and methods of treatment of varicella virus cellulitis in children based on own experience and according to literature sources. The high frequency of complications is associated with untimely detection of signs of inflammation and untimely treatment in case of secondary flora joining. The main etiological factors of superinfection are β-hemolytic streptococcus group A and staphylococcus aureus. Recently, cellulitis of the subcutaneous tissue is one of the most serious complications in patients with varicella virus infection. The clinical picture of this complication includes local and general manifestations. Local symptoms are accompanied by pronounced redness in the affected area, a significant increase in tissue volume due to swelling, intense, throbbing pain that worsens with touch or movement, the presence of purulent secretions from the affected area, compaction or softening of tissues at the site of the lesion, local hyperthermia. Treatment of varicella cellulitis involves a wide range of measures, which include: antibiotic therapy, drainage of purulent foci, symptomatic treatment, local treatment, supportive therapy, physiotherapy, observation and control. Before determining the optimal antibiotic, it is important to take into account the regional characteristics of the resistance of microorganisms and information about the typical causative agents of varicella cellulitis. Broad-spectrum antibiotics such as amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone, clindamycin, or vancomycin are usually used for treatment. So, the main etiological factors causing complications in the form of necrotic cellulitis on the background of varicella virus are β-hemolytic streptococcus group A and Staphylococcus aureus. Diagnosis of varicella cellulitis includes a set of examination methods to confirm the diagnosis: daily examination of the child's body surface for inflammatory foci. The optimal treatment tactic is combined therapy (surgical and conservative treatment). Vaccination is recommended for children who are in risk groups – patients with oncology who receive cytostatics, corticosteroids; children with congenital and acquired immunodeficiencies.
Experience of using bifren in idiopathic arterial hypotension in adolescent girls with vegetative-somatic disorders
Authors: Soltysik L. M. , Levchenko V. A.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. Idiopathic arterial hypotension (IAH) is a common pathological condition among adolescent girls, often accompanied by multisystem functional changes against a background of excessive anxiety, which can subsequently lead to serious consequences such as arterial hypertension, cerebrovascular disorders, pregnancy complications, and others. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of the anxiolytic Bifren on comorbid psychosomatic complaints in female students with IAH and excessive anxiety. Materials and methods. The study involved 32 female students aged 18-24, diagnosed with IAH. They were divide into two groups: the main group (n=18) and the control group (n=15). The main group presented with excessive anxiety, assessed using the Spielberger-Hanin scale. Comorbid vegetative-somatic symptoms were identify through standardized Lewis testing. Autonomic regulation was assesse using heart rate variability parameters. The main group received Bifren therapy at a daily dose of 250-500 mg for 3-4 weeks, after which a follow-up survey was conduct to evaluate the treatment's effectiveness. The control group consisted of girls with chronically low blood pressure who did not exhibit subjective symptoms or excessive anxiety. Results: Bifren therapy reduced excessive anxiety symptoms in 77.78% of cases. However, its effect on other comorbid symptoms, such as asthenia, dizziness, and cardiac symptoms, was less pronounce. The positive treatment outcomes in most patients were short-lived. Conclusions: The anxiolytic Bifren demonstrated effectiveness in reducing excessive anxiety in patients with IAH, though its impact on comorbid multisystem symptoms was less significant. This underscores the need for a comprehensive approach to treating multisystem functional changes in IAH due to the complexity of regulatory neurovegetative mechanisms involved in adaptation to external stimuli.
Risk factors for the development of thromboembolic complications in patients with polytrauma
Authors: Tanasienko P. V. , Zasypka K. V.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. Skeletal injuries in polytrauma occur in 73-95% of cases and quite often lead to irreversible shock. In their structure, bone fractures of the lower limbs and pelvis occur with a frequency of 65-75% and, to a large extent, are one of the main causes of venous thromboembolism. The aim of our study was to determine risk factors for thromboembolic complications among patients with polytrauma. Our study involved 163 patients who met the criteria for inclusion in the study and were treated at the Odesa City Clinical Hospital № 11 from 2013 to 2022. The age structure of the victims differed significantly in the study groups. Thus, in the experimental group, the average age of the victims was 46.8±7.5 years, and in the control group, the average age was 38.7±6.2 years (р≤0.05). Among patients in the experimental group, BMI was 27.8±3.2 kg/m², and in the control group, this indicator was 24.9±3.0 kg/m² (р≤0.05). Modern prophylactic regimens have reduced the frequency of preoperative DVT in polytrauma patients, but orthopedists should still pay attention to patients aged >46 years, BMI > 26 kg/m2, time from injury to surgery >9 days, and elevated levels of platelets and fibrinogen. A better understanding of these risk factors may help surgeons refine the risk stratification profile and guide early multidisciplinary management of patients with polytrauma and venous thromboembolism.
The degree of reduction of the diameter of the great saphenous vein in the postoperative period in patients operated by thermal techniques
Authors: Petrushenko V. V. , Goncharenko D. P. , Grebenyuk D. I.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. The article presents the results of a study aimed at assessing changes in the diameter of the great saphenous vein of the lower extremities in patients with varicose veins treated with thermal methods. Two thermal techniques were considered in the study, namely endovenous laser ablation and radiofrequency ablation. The changes in the diameter of the great saphenous vein at different stages of treatment were compared: before surgery, 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after the intervention. The ultrasound method was used to determine the change in the diameter of the great saphenous vein. The results were processed using Microsoft Office for Windows software. The statistical analysis showed that both methods demonstrate high efficiency in the treatment of patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities. In both groups, a significant reduction in vein diameter was observed at each of the control stages. The conclusions of the study are of practical importance for choosing the optimal treatment tactics for patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities. They can serve as a basis for further clinical trials aimed at improving thermal techniques and evaluating their effectiveness in different groups of patients.
Staged scleroobliteration in the complex treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities in the elderly
Authors: Kanikovskyi O. , Sander S. , Androsov S. , Makhovskyi O.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. Varicose veins of the lower extremities tend to be more common in older age groups, whose treatment is complicated by comorbidity and advanced pathology. The aim is to develop an effective, safe and economical method of treating varicose veins of the lower extremities in elderly and senile patients. We monitored 69 patients who underwent scleroobliteration and compression therapy. The first group – 31 patients aged 67-83 years with pronounced comorbidity, limited mobility and difficulties with the use of compression knitwear. The aescinic salt of 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid was used in the form of a 0.1% solution. After the session, an elastic bandage, a compression product of 15–20 mm Hg, or a combination thereof was applied to the lower leg. The patients followed the movement regime available to them. The second group – 38 patients aged 23-51 years. Lauromacrogol 400 (polidocanol) was used in the form of a foam form of a 3% solution. After the session, a compression product of 23-32 mm Hg was used. Statistical methods of processing: Student’s test and Fisher's angle transformer. It was found that course of the scleroobliteration session (character, duration and intensity of pain), early (sensation along the course of sclerosed veins, their nature, intensity and duration) and long-term (disappearance or degree of reduction of varicose veins, tissue condition in the area of sclerosed veins, frequency of recanalization) periods after scleroobliteration in patients of both groups was identical. In 16 patients of the 1st group, compression was performed for less time and not in full. Among them, thrombophlebitis occurred in one patient. Among the patients of the II group, compression defects were observed in 3 cases. Two of them developed thrombophlebitis (p<0.01). So staged scleroobliteration in the complex treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities is an effective, safe, low-traumatic, simple, economical outpatient technology. Aescinic salt of 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid should be considered the drug of choice for scleroobliteration in elderly patients with limited mobility.
Methods of treatment of trophic skin defect in patients with chronic venous insufficiency in stage C6
Authors: Sukhodolia A. I. , Shaprynskyi V. O. , Khimich S. D. , Kolomiiets O. V. , Kanikovskyi O. Ye. , Verba M. A.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) of the lower extremities is currently the most common pathology of the human vascular system. The frequency of development of venous insufficiency per 1000 population is 1.48-3.05 people. The aim of the work – to improve the results of treatment of patients with chronic venous insufficiency of the lower extremities in stage C6 by accelerating the epithelialization of active trophic venous ulcers. The study is based on the analysis of examination and treatment of 97 patients with CVI. According to the purpose of the study, all patients were divided into the main and control groups. The main study group included 47 patients who underwent classical surgery (crossectomy+phlebectomy according to Babcock and/or Narat) in combination with the developed method of treating trophic wounds. The control group included 50 patients who underwent classical surgical treatment (ligation of perforating veins according to Cockett’s method, phlebectomy according to Narat). Quantitative indicators were processed statistically. Statistical processing of materials and research results was carried out with the help of the Statistica application program package from the company “StatSoft” (USA). After the treatment in the main group, the rapid dynamics of healing of wound surfaces was observed within 1-3 months after surgical treatment. The speed of epithelization of trophic ulcers of venous etiology in patients of two groups varied from 6 to 50 days, and the daily increase of epithelization - from 1.79% to 17.21%. The lowest rate of epithelization was observed in trophic ulcers larger than 20 cm2. Thanks to the application of our own developed method of surgical treatment of patients with a decompensated form of CVI complicated by trophic skin defects, it was possible to significantly reduce the healing time of active trophic wounds after surgical treatment.
The method of treatment of chronic pancreatitis, complicated by a complete pancreatic fistula with obstruction of the proximal part of the main pancreatic duct, under conditions of preservation of the left anatomical segment
Authors: Sukhodolia S. A. , Savchuk I. I.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a long-term disease that causes associated complications of the gastrointestinal tract. Pancreatic fistula (PF) is one of the complications of various diseases and pathology of the pancreas, as well as surgical interventions performed by various methods depending on the indications and the reason for their use. Not infrequently, this pathology is complicated by peritonitis with subsequent development of sepsis, which quite often results in the death of the patient. External PF, depending on its flow rate, is dangerous for the exhaustion of the patient, the formation of maldigestion syndrome, malabsorption, and hypoproteinemia. During 2016-2023, operations for PA and pleurisy were performed in 35 patients. In 5 (14.3%) of them, we performed our proposed surgical intervention in patients with complicated CP, for which the copyright was obtained for the work “Method of treatment of chronic pancreatitis complicated by a complete pancreatic fistula with obstruction of the proximal part of the Wirsung duct, under the conditions preservation of the left anatomical segment” No. 120597 dated July 18, 2023. The basis of a useful model is the task of creating such a method of treatment of CP, complicated by virsungolithiasis, a complete fistula of the PP and obstruction of the proximal part of the duct of the pancreas, which would allow, in addition to the removal of the pancreatic fistula, to remove the block in the head area in the simplest way, thus restoring the integrity of the tract while being more physiological and less traumatic with preservation of the tail of the pancreas and, accordingly, endocrine function.
Organization of otolaryngological care in Ukraine: current challenges and directions of response
Authors: Kononov O. Ye.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. Diseases of the ear, throat, and nose remain an urgent public health problem. The aim of the study was to conduct a theoretical study of the organization of otolaryngological care for the population of Ukraine; identify current problems and areas of response. Content analysis of legislative and regulatory acts, analysis of reference materials, industry statistical data and generalization of results was carried out. It was established that until 2023, otolaryngological care to the population was traditionally provided in primary care institutions by general practitioners-family doctors, as well as in multidisciplinary inpatient and outpatient healthcare institutions. In order to ensure the ability of the network of health care facilities to function not only in peacetime, but also in wartime conditions, from 2023 specialized medical care will be provided in designated facilities of hospital districts, in particular, otolaryngological care is available to the population in primary care facilities, cluster and supracluster health care institutions. From 2012 to 2022, the number of otolaryngologists in Ukraine decreased from 4.033 to 2.580 (0.63 per 10 000 population), and the supply of general practitioners-family doctors remained insufficient (3.44 per 10 000 population). As a result, the volumes of primary medical care are low (40.0-60.0% of the total number of outpatient visits), which increases the burden on specialized care facilities, including those where otolaryngological care is provided. One of the problematic issues in primary care institutions is the lack of medical equipment to help patients with ear, throat, and nose diseases. The professional level of medical workers in specialized offices of outpatient facilities needs to be increased, and it is necessary to ensure strict adherence by doctors to the standards of otolaryngological care. Thus the identified shortcomings require justification for improving the organization of otolaryngological care for the population of the hospital district in order to ensure its availability and quality, which are the prospects for further research.
The proportion of secondary caries in the work load of dentist
Authors: Kuzenko Y. V. , Moskalenko P. O. , Galich L. V. , Lychko S. O.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. The aim of the study was to determine the proportion of teeth with secondary caries among carious lesions in children and adults to determine the amount of dentist’s work load for the primary and secondary teeth caries. A targeted epidemiological study of the dental status of 264 residents of Sumy oblast in the age group of 35-44 years old and 364 children aged 3, 6, 12 and 15 years was conducted. The analysis of the results determined the prevalence and intensity of caries. The intensity of adult dental caries was estimated by the integrated Decayed Missing Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and dft in children. It was found that the prevalence of caries among 3 year old children was 34.0% (95% CI: 25; 43), 6 years old – 69.0% (95% CI: 59; 78), 12 years old – 62.0% (95% CI: 52; 72), 15 years old – 68.0 (95% CI: 58; 77), adults - 100%. The intensity of caries at the age of 3 years by dft index was 1.54±0.11 teeth, 6 years (DMFT + dft) – 3.16±0.15 teeth, 12 years (DMFT) – 2.33±0.12, 15 years (DMFT) – 2.86±0.18 and in adults DMFT was 14.91±0.37 teeth. 64.0±13.0% of children at the age of 3 years, 52.9±6.0% – at the age of 6 years, 30.0±10.0% - at the age of 12 years, 48.5±6.1%, – at the age of 15 years and 47.2±2.9% of adults needed dental treatment for the primary caries. 36,0±13,0% of children at the age of 3 years, 47,1±6,0% – at the age of 6 years, 70,0±10,05% – at the age of 12 years, 51,5±6.1% – at the age of 15 years and 52,8±3,3% of adults needed dental treatment for secondary caries. Thus, almost half of dentist’s working time is precisely on repeated visits of patients for the elimination of the consequences of poor-quality treatment of primary teeth caries, which resulted from a number of reasons.
The place of dental implantation in the rehabilitation of patients with loss of teeth due to liver pathology
Authors: Polishchuk V. S.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. Dental implantation is a modern and effective method of treatment of complete or partial adentia, both on the upper and lower jaws. The process of dental implantation involves the installation of artificial structures in the place of lost teeth, in the jawbone, to which dental crowns or prostheses are then fixed. Dental implants allow you to get a permanent structure to restore lost teeth. Dental implantology has become one of the most widespread and popular fields in dentistry due to its effectiveness and durability. Every year, the number of patients who choose dental implants as a way to restore lost teeth is increasing, which is due to the awareness of their advantages compared to other methods. The development of new technologies and materials, such as biocompatible titanium alloys and digital planning, has made dental implantation more affordable and reliable, contributing to its growing popularity. Many dental clinics and medical institutions offer specialized courses and training in implantology for dentists, which increases the number of qualified specialists in this field. Implants provide a high quality of life, restoring the chewing function and the aesthetic appearance of the teeth, which contributes to their popularity among patients who are looking for a durable and comfortable solution. The increase in the number of clinics specializing in implantology, as well as the decrease in the cost of procedures thanks to competition and technological advances, make implants more accessible to a wide range of patients. The large number of patients who have had a positive experience with dental implants helps to spread information about this technique and increase its popularity through recommendations and reviews. Thus, dental implantology continues to develop and gain popularity in the dental market due to its many advantages, technological innovations and growing demand from patients.
A modern view on the problem of red flat liquid of the mouth cavity
Authors: Dmitriev M. O. , Nazarchuk O. A. , Furman R. L. , Polishchuk S. S.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. Today, lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin and mucous membranes, which can lead to a number of complications, which are especially manifested in the absence of adequate treatment or in the course of severe recurrent forms of the disease. The main insidiousness of all types of this disease is the duration of the course, when periods of “fading” are replaced by periods of exacerbation. The high risk of secondary skin infection is caused not by lichen planus itself, but by the addition of pathogenic microorganisms. In addition, the erosive-ulcerative form is classified as a facultative precancerous disease. Cancer later developed in 2% of patients with LP of the oral cavity. It is known that the cause of the development of complications of lichen planus in 5% of cases were pathogenic (transient) streptococci, in 17% – pathogenic (transient) staphylococci, in 51% – conditionally pathogenic (resident) diphtheroids, micrococci, and in 27% – mixed microflora. The primary elements of the lesion in lichen planus are characteristic rashes that have specific signs. The main element of the rash in this disease is a papule. Papules have a flat surface, are small in size (1-3 mm in diameter), often polygonal in shape. They can be slightly shiny and have a purple or reddish-bluish color. A characteristic Wickham grid observed on the surface of the papules. This mesh structure is formed due to the special structure of the epidermis and becomes visible during wetting or during dermatoscopy. The main complications of lichen planus that can arise as a result of this disease can be in the form of infectious complications – pyoderma (purulent skin lesions) and viral infections (herpetic impressions). Affected areas of the skin and mucous membranes in lichen planus are often irritated by itching and scratching, which can lead to the development of bacterial infections.
Botulinum toxin is a new drug for the treatment of migraine
Authors: Lastovetska M. I. , Mudryk I. O. , Maslii V. P. , Fiks D. O.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. Migraine is one of the most common and debilitating neurological disorders, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. The introduction of innovative treatment methods, such as the use of botulinum toxin, opens new opportunities for managing chronic forms of migraine. Despite the availability of numerous therapeutic approaches, the need to enhance treatment efficacy and minimize side effects remains relevant. The aim of this article is to summarize existing data on the efficacy, mechanisms of action, and safety of botulinum toxin in migraine treatment. Additionally, the article compares botulinum toxin with traditional therapeutic methods and outlines promising directions for future research. For the analysis, results from scientific studies published in databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar from 2016 to 2023 were used. Particular attention was given to systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized clinical trials, and key publications elucidating the mechanisms of action of botulinum toxin. The analysis also included several earlier studies that laid the foundation for investigating this therapeutic approach. The analysis demonstrated that botulinum toxin effectively reduces the frequency and intensity of migraine attacks in patients with chronic migraine. Key mechanisms of action identified include the modification of pain signal transmission through peripheral and central neural pathways. Botulinum toxin has also shown a high safety profile with minimal risk of serious adverse effects in clinical trials. Compared to other treatment methods, botulinum toxin offers advantages in terms of prolonged action and ease of use. The use of botulinum toxin is a promising treatment for chronic migraine, combining high efficacy and safety. Future research should focus on optimizing dosing, improving administration techniques, and defining patient selection criteria to maximize therapeutic effectiveness.
Alzheimer's disease and proteins involved in the transport of fatty acids into the brain. Literature review
Authors: Bondarenko O. S. , Chernousova N. M. , Peleshenko H. B. , Herhel T. O.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. Alzheimer's disease is a primary cortical degenerative dementia characterized by the formation of extracellular amyloid plaques, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, and the death of nerve cells. Impaired lipid metabolism plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. The goal is to investigate the role of proteins in the transport of fatty acids, particularly long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, into the brain and the relationship with the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. For the scientific review, data from the scientometric databases PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Crossref, and WorldCat were used, referring mainly to publications from 2005-2023. Many studies have shown that a diet rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can improve cognitive function during normal aging and prevent the development of neurocognitive diseases. However, it is still unclear how polyunsaturated fatty acids are transported from the blood to the brain, or how they are related to cognitive performance. The transport of fatty acids into and out of the central nervous system depends on two major sets of barriers: the blood-brain barrier between the peripheral blood and brain tissue and the blood-CSF barrier. required components are delivered across the blood-brain barrier by several pathways, such as passive diffusion, transcytosis, and transport of fatty acids by transport proteins. There are a number of fatty acid transport proteins: fatty acid translocase/cluster of differentiation 36, caveolin-1, fatty acid-binding proteins, long-chain fatty acid acyl-CoA synthetase, and fatty acid transport proteins. In the course of the review, the importance of various mechanisms and possible pathways of fatty acid transport across the blood-brain barrier and between brain cells in the development of various neurodegenerative diseases was determined. Also, certain types of fatty acid transporter proteins can serve as marker substances for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases.
LANDSLIDES IN THE CITY OF MILA BETWEEN THE SENSITIVITY OF THE LOCATION AND URBAN EXPANSION
Authors: Bouguerroudja Nassima  , Amirech Hamza
Published: January 2025

Cities are evolving rapidly, exposing them to natural hazards that can cause major human and environmental losses. The Algerian town of Mila is particularly vulnerable due to its complex geological and morphological environment, which favours various risks, such as landslides. The aim of this article is to highlight the risk of landslides in Mila, particularly in the Khirbet region. To analyse these risks, it is essential to define concepts such as natural risks, high risks, Algerian risks, the phenomenon, vulnerability and prevention. High risks are physical phenomena caused by fast- or slow-moving phenomena, while high risks are potential threats caused by exceptional natural or human activities. Vulnerability refers to the ability to withstand losses resulting from exposed areas and the fragility of the situation. Understanding and dealing with natural hazards in urban environments is crucial for sustainable development, preserving the urban environment and protecting citizens. The study revealed that natural factors, such as topography, geology, seismic activity and hydrology, play an important role The report recommends greater coordination between institutions and citizens, better knowledge of landslide risks, early warning systems and increased funding for disaster risk reduction and mitigation. Comprehensive and integrated approaches are needed to tackle climate and disaster challenges in Algeria. ground movements in Mila The report recommends greater coordination between institutions and citizens, better knowledge of landslide risks, early warning systems and increased funding for disaster risk reduction and mitigation. Comprehensive and integrated approaches needed to tackle climate and disaster challenges in Algeria.
EXAMINING THE INTEGRATION OF TIKTOK-BASED LEARNING IN SECONDARY BUSINESS STUDIES EDUCATION: A SOUTH AFRICAN PERSPECTIVE ON DIGITAL TEACHING INNOVATION
Authors: Preya Pillay
Published: January 2025

This systematic literature review investigates the integration of TikTok in secondary Business Studies education across South African schools, focusing on implementation practices and educational outcomes. As social media platforms continue to reshape educational practices globally, the study employs the Technology Acceptance Model as a theoretical framework to understand the impact of TikTok integration on Business Studies teaching and learning in South African contexts. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing research, this study synthesizes critical findings regarding the adoption, effectiveness, and outcomes of TikTok-based educational initiatives in secondary Business Studies classrooms. The review explores various dimensions, including platform integration strategies, pedagogical innovations, student engagement patterns, teacher development needs, and content creation approaches. Additionally, it identifies implementation challenges and opportunities associated with TikTok-based learning and highlights implications for teaching practice, educational policy, and future research in the South African secondary education sector. By synthesizing insights from diverse scholarly works, this review offers valuable perspectives for educators and administrators aiming to navigate the complexities of social media integration in Business Studies education within the South African context.
Book Review - Tourism And Development In The Developing World
Authors: Mohammad Abdul Mohit
Published: January 2025

The central aim of the book is to present an introductory text that explores the relationship between tourism and development in the developing countries against the background that tourism is widely regarded as an effective contributor to socio-economic development in these countries. It is well-known that the relationship between tourism and development is a debatable issue. Starting with this dictum, the book provides an introduction to the tourism-development process. Focusing mostly on developing countries and drawing on contemporary case studies, the authors of the book have raised many questions about the role tourism in development and highlight the dilemmas faced by destinations seeking to achieve development through tourism.
SOCIAL MODEL OF THE STATE IN UKRAINE: EUROPEAN AND DOMESTIC EXPERIENCE
Authors: Редзюк Вячеслав , Костенко Оксана , Сіропол Володимир
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes the concept of a number of social states in European countries and Ukraine in order to determine the features of the development and formation of this model in our country. In particular, the authors traced the patterns of the formation of the Ukrainian social state and studied the legacy that has remained to us.In the course of covering this issue, the key point in the formation of the social state in Ukraine is the level of economic development, on which virtually all social security depends. However, in the opinion of the authors, the low level of development of the country cannot cancel the existence of the concept of the social state, although it can reduce the level of social security. The key is that the country guarantees minimum social protection. This is the minimum that the state must prescribe in the laws. These are the minimum amounts of wages, incomes of citizens, pensions, social assistance, and the amounts of other types of social payments.The authors noted the fact that in Ukraine the concept of the social state is real and in conditions of total war is the most optimal from the point of view of constitutional principles, ensuring the existence and joint development of a legal and social state.
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN PEREYASLAV IN THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY: CONTENT AND MAIN ACTIVITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL EDUCATION
Authors: Соловйова Тетяна , Ткаченко Олеся , Ткаченко Тетяна
Published: January 2025

A retrospective analysis of professional education development and formation of Pereiaslav at the beginning XX century was made in this article; the development of commercial school of Pereiaslav at the beginning XX century, vocational technical training was studied on the archive recording and egghead paperback research and analysis ground. Descriptive information: history, professional education, Maecenas. The history of professional education development and formation is an essential part of national history.Taking into account modern educational reforms in Ukraine the interest in analyzing the background and development of vocational technical training increased. A huge majority of scientists` works concerning branch education and research affairs issues can serve as evidence.Pererva V., Seiko N., Berezivska L., Kazmyrchuk G., Kazmyrchuk M. and others are engaged in problems of foundation and direction of commercial education in Ukraine. Sikorcriy M., Filonenko N., Gozkalo G., Nabok L., Troncko T. and others are engaged in problems of foundation and direction of commercial education in Pereiaslav at the beginning XX century.At the second part of XIX century after the abolition of serfage the developing industry was requiring skilled workers; and a lot of forward-minded people from different sections of the community were realizing the necessity in training of an educated man. The development ofcapitalism stimulated increasing of the commercial schools. Different ministries were opening their educational establishments: the Ministry of Local Education was opening teachers` seminaries, the Ministry of Agriculture was opening veterinary schools, and the Ministry of War was opening cadet corps, military specialized schools, and academies. The handicraft classes were opened in rural schools. Special handicraft schools were organizing.At the second part of XIX century some positive changes came into formation of commercial education: the foundation of professional education was laid, the secondary school teaching no classics was created, and the number of special education establishments was opened. The educational establishments existed thanks to money of private individuals, because state educational support was not enough. Representatives of Pereiaslav elite and industrialists paid a lot of attention to the development of the commercial education system. The best features of former entrepreneurial elite were embodied in their public activities.The study of the origins of the historical experience of the development of education at the regional level has not only scientific and cognitive, but also applied significance. The analysis of regional features of the development of national education provides an opportunity to understand the processes and phenomena that occur today in the educational environment and are caused by changes in the social and economic life of our country.
ЦУКРОВІ ТОВАРИСТВА ДРУГОЇ ПОЛОВИНИ ХІХ – ПОЧАТКУ ХХ СТ.: ІДЕЇ, СТРАТЕГІЇ ТА ЇХ ВТІЛЕННЯ
Authors: Ткаченко Олеся , Ткаченко Тетяна , Соловйова Тетяна
Published: January 2025

Based on archival materials and historical literature, the article analyzes the activities of the Tereshchenko Brothers' Sugar and Refinery Company and its contribution to the development of the Ukrainian sugar industry. In the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the sugar industry was the most developed and widespread in many Ukrainian provinces. Its profitability attracted the attention of the new merchants. In the early 60s of the nineteenth century, they began to invest heavily in the sugar industry, becoming both entrepreneurs and landowners. The Tereshchenko family belonged to this group. The family's main occupation was the sugar business. The Tereshchenkos owned 11 sugar factories, which produced up to 10% of all sugar in the empire. When mutual and jointstock companies began to emerge, the family members formed the Tereshchenko Brothers Sugar Factories Company. Its activities had a positive impact on the development of the sugar industry.
Joint stock companies accelerated the formation of a monopolistic association. In 1887, a syndicate of sugar producers was formed. The Tereshchenkos, as one of the largest sugar producers in the country, were members of the syndicate's management. The influence of this body on the development of the national economy was so significant that the government was forced to reckon with it, not only because it was interested in the development of the sugar industry, but also because of the economic and political importance of the syndicate.
The experience of industrial corporatization, the use of contractual and monetary relations in the acquisition of materials and raw materials, sales of products, hiring of workers, management of enterprises and many other aspects of social and economic relations can be successfully used today. The experience of corporatization of industry, the use of contractual and monetary relations in the purchase of materials and raw materials, sales of products, hiring of workers, management of enterprises and many other aspects of social and economic relations can be successfully used today.
LIBRARIES OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR: NEW CHALLENGES AND DIRECTIONS OF ACTIVITY
Authors: Березанська Ірина , Плужник Оксана , Дуда Владислав
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the activities of Ukrainian libraries in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war. The challenges faced by library institutions are highlighted: physical damage to the infrastructure, relocation of library collections and evacuation of librarians, lack of funding and resources, changes in user requirements, information warfare, emotional burnout of library staff, and technical problems. The author outlines the areas of activity of libraries in times of war, which include information assistance to internally displaced persons, volunteer activities, increasing the digital literacy of the population, educational activities aimed at teaching citizens the skills of first aid, combating disinformation, expanding the provision of digital services, and implementing digital projects. The article reveals the emergence of new functions of libraries, such as the organization of volunteer centers, psychological support, assistance with information security, and the role of libraries as platforms for communication and support of local communities.
In times of war, Ukrainian libraries play a key role in supporting the information warfare by actively promoting the dissemination of reliable and verified information among citizens. At a time when information attacks and propaganda by the aggressor are becoming one of the main tools of war, libraries are becoming reliable outposts of truth where people can get information that corresponds to the facts and avoid misinformation.They organize educational events, trainings, and webinars on information literacy, and training in recognizing fake news and manipulation. Through these initiatives, libraries help citizens not only navigate the large flow of information, but also learn to be critical of the sources from which it comes. Such measures contribute to the formation of a culture of safe information consumption in society, which is an important element in the fight against information threats.
COVERAGE OF THE PROCESS OF SPACE EXPLORATION IN THE USSR IN THE JOURNAL «SCIENCE AND SOCIETY» IN 1950-1960: A COMPILATION ANALYSIS
Authors: Боженко Євгеній
Published: January 2025

The article, based on a comprehensive compilation analysis of representative sources and modern theoretical and methodological foundations, examines the research and ideological component of the publication heritage of the scientific journal «Science and Society» in the context of its coverage of space exploration in the 1950 s and 1960 s.The author reflects the ideological orientation of scientific research on the pages of the scientific periodical “Science and Society” in the period under consideration. In particular, it is pointed out that the topic of intergalactic space exploration was extremely relevant, since its development was determined by the party and state support in the form of powerful material and technical encouragement of the research potential in the field of space exploration.The author emphasizes that published scientific research shows the active participation of domestic scientists and astronomical observatory teams in solar system research projects. The discoveries of scientists reflected in journalistic journalism indicate that the period of the 1950s and 1960s was important in scientific and technological progress. However, the author of the article states that most of the scientific achievements were subordinated to the conditions of the Cold War as a result of the ideological confrontation between the USSR and the United States.The author emphasizes that the defining criterion for any area of space research was its subordination to the tasks of military-space parity. This is what distracted the enormous scientific potential from the rational use of its achievements not for defense purposes, but for peaceful space exploration, and for solving social and economic issues. Thus, the journal Science and Society became an important journalistic source for optimizing the process of space exploration in the 1950 s and 1960 s.
IMPACT OF CRISIS PHEN OMENA ON THE RURAL POPULATION OF THE USSR (1985 – 1991)
Authors: Давидов Дмитро
Published: January 2025

The economic crisis of the 1980s affected all spheres of life, but the social sphere was the most vulnerable, especially in the countryside. Money for it were allocated according to the residual principle, so the cultural, educational and medical spheres were in a neglected position compared to the city. A significant part of the rural population migrated to the city. This, in turn, led to the "dying" and desolationof many villages in Ukraine. The share of people of retirement age began to prevail in the villages, and the village, which was always considered a source of reproduction of human resources, lost this qualification. A total decrease in the birth rate was observed.In the 1980s the agriculture of the Ukrainian SSR accounted for a significant part of all-Union production. For example, about a third of fruits and vegetables, almost half of sunflowers were grown in Ukraine. Through the prism of the activities of collective farms and state farms, which provided the urban population with agricultural products, the inability of the structure to feed the growing number of the urban population can be seen. The food crisis was growing, as evidenced by interruptions in the supply of necessary food products such as fresh vegetables and dairy products. However, despite the shortage of certain foods, the price policy remained practically unchanged, which created the illusion of security, stability, and psychological comfort in society.At the same time, the USSR gave Ukraine a special role in the economic structure, because the latter produced about 17.4% of the Union's industrial and 22% of agricultural products. However, the Ukrainian population itself was provided with food at a low level, which was becoming threatening. The Soviet government saw a way out of the difficult situation in increasing the volume of agriculturalproduction by expanding the sown areas. However, in the future, significant destruction of agricultural land will activate erosion processes.It is worth noting that the village remained under the powerful control of the collective farm-state farm system, which reacted painfully to changes. Society needed renewal. In this direction, there were attempts to combat stagnant phenomena, mismanagement, and bureaucracy in the countryside.
LANGUAGE POLICY AS A TOOL OF INFORMATIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL INFLUENCE IN THE CONDITIONS OF HYBRID WAR
Authors: Денисенко Світлана
Published: January 2025

The article provides an in-depth analysis of language policy as an effective tool of informational and psychological influence in the context of hybrid warfare. It reveals how language policy is used to either shape or undermine national identity, create tensions between different linguistic groups, and manipulate public consciousness through disinformation and propaganda.
Particular attention is paid to the study of propaganda methods, including language expansion and manipulation of linguistic issues, to exacerbate conflicts and destabilize state institutions.
The article emphasizes the importance of language policy for informational security and the necessity of creating effective countermeasures against language manipulation in the context of hybrid warfare. Recommendations are provided on strengthening national language policy to enhance the state's resilience to information attacks and protect national identity.
VOLUNTEER INITIATIVES OF ENTREPRENEURS FROM THE PEREIASLAV REGION AFTER FEBRUARY 24, 2022 (ACCORDING TO THE MATERIALS OF THE VISNYK PEREIASLAVSHYNY NEWSPAPER)
Authors: Колибенко Олена
Published: January 2025

The volunteer movement is an important component of Ukrainian resistance to the enemy in the modern russo-Ukrainian War. Studying it allows a better understanding of the mood of the masses in confronting the aggressor. Entrepreneurs from the Pereiaslav Region actively participate in the approach to victory: buy and send cars to the firing line, electronic warfare, unmanned aerial vehicles, thermographic cameras, clothes, products, help volunteers and volunteer organizations, support internally displaced persons and everyone who needs help in the difficult time of war, participate in solving a variety of problems in the communities where their enterprises are located.
Publications in the «Visnyk Pereiaslavshchyny» newspaper, dedicated to volunteer initiatives of entrepreneurs from the Pereiaslav Region (Pereiaslav Urban Hromada, Divychky, Studenyky, Tashan and Tsybli village hromadas) allow to understand the motives of charity of company managers, farmers, shop owners and enterprises, to explore the main directions of assistance, to monitor a certain decrease in activity in 2023-2024. At the same time, it is worth noting that the pages of the newspaper do not get all the information about volunteering and charity of enterprises. Therefore, it is impossible to determine the amount of aid and list all the entrepreneurs who actively help to bring victory closer, some of them names are not mentioned in newspaper publications.
Nevertheless, analysis of the materials published on the pages of the «Visnyk Pereiaslavshchyny» newspaper allows us to consider a number of issues related to the volunteer activities of entrepreneurs of the region, to give specific examples, which will help to research this issuemore thoroughly in the future.