bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SIGNIFICANCE OF OSTEOPONTIN FOR PREDICTING AGGRESSIVENESS OF PROSTATE CANCER
Authors: Lukianova N. , Zadvornyi Т. , Borikun Т. , Mushii О. , Pavlova А. , Tymoshenko А. , Stakhovskyi Е. , Vitruk I. , Сhekhun V.
Published: January 2024

Background. Effective prediction of the course of prostate cancer (PCa) and the stratification of treatment tactics largely depend on the use of prognostic markers that reflect the molecular and biological features of tumors. In view of the important role of matricellular proteins in the modulation of the growing tumor and metastasis of the hormone-dependent neoplasms, the aim of the work was to study the expression of osteopontin (OPN) at the protein and mRNA levels in the PCa tissue in order to assess the significance of this protein for predicting the aggressiveness of PCa. Materials and Methods. The work is based on the analysis of the results of the examination and treatment of 83 patients with PCa of stages II—IV. The study of OPN expression at the level of mRNA and protein in the PCa tissue was carried out using methods of the real time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Results. The OPN expression in the PCa tissue was 1.6 times (p < 0.05) higher in patients with regional lymph node metastases compared to patients without metastases. In patients with a Gleason score of < 7, the OPN expression in the tumor tissue was 1.4 times lower (p < 0.05) than in patients with poorly differentiated PCa. In patients with a high risk of tumor progression, the OPN expression level was 1.4 and 2.1 times higher (p < 0.05) compared to patients with a moderate and low risk of PCa progression. The patients with a high OPN expression level in the PCa tissue had significantly decreased 2-year recurrence-free survival rate (by 25%). Conclusions. The obtained results indicate the expediency of using OPN expression indicators in the tumor tissue to predict the PCa aggressiveness and assess the risk of its recurrence.
IMMUNOPHENOTYPE OF LEUKEMIC CELLS IN CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA PATIENTS WITH NOTCH1 AND SF3B1 GENE MUTATIONS
Authors: Golyarnik N. , Абраменко І. , Movchan G. , Martina Z. , Dyagil I. , Chumak A. , Bazyka D.
Published: January 2024

Background. The typical chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) immunophenotype is vital for diagnosis, but the expression of some antigens varies and has prognostic value. There are data that reduced CD20 expression is associated with NOTCH1 and SF3B1 gene mutations. Aim. To determine a high-risk group of CLL patients for prediction of unfavorable NOTCH1 and SF3B1 gene mutations based on immunophenotyping of leukemic cells. Materials and Methods. Flow cytometric and molecular-genetic analysis (mutations of NOTCH1, SF3B1, and TP53 genes using the polymerase chain reaction followed by direct sequencing) was performed in a group of 86 previously untreated CLL patients. Results. The immunophenotype of leukemic cells of all examined patients met the criteria of CLL diagnosis. NOTCH1 gene mutations were found in 21 patients (24.4%), and SF3B1 gene mutations — in 7 patients (8.1%). There were no TP53 gene mutations among the examined patients. A decreased number of CD20+CD5+ cells and a downward trend in the relative index of mean fluorescence intensity (iMFI) of CD20+ cells were found in patients with NOTCH1 and SF3B1 gene mutations. Based on the iMFI level (higher and/or lower than 3.0) and the number of CD20+CD5+ cells among all B-cells (higher and/or lower than 50%), we distinguished CLL cases with low and relatively high levels of CD20 antigen expression. Using ROC analysis and the parameter of low CD20 antigen expression, we could predict the presence of NOTCH1 and SF3B1 gene mutations in 73.3 ± 0.06% of patients (p = 0.001). The risk of NOTCH1 and SF3B1 gene mutations in cases with low CD20 antigen expression was 6.96 (95% CI = 2.53—19.18; p = 0.0001). The revealed regularities were statistically significant for patients in whom the diagnosis was established in all Binet — Rai stages except A0—AI. Conclusion. Our data confirmed a reduced CD20 expression in CLL patients with NOTCH1 and SF3B1 mutations. In addition, an approach was proposed to identify high-risk CLL patients for prediction of such mutations: previously untreated CLL patients at advanced Binet — Rai stages (BII, CIII, CIV) with a reduced number of double-positive CD20+CD5+ cells in peripheral blood and/or low iMFI of CD20+ cells.
PLASTIC SURGERY OF WOUND DEFECTS WITH FREE GRAFTS AFTER MALIGNANT SKIN TUMORS EXCISION: A PILOT STUDY
Authors: Korovin S.I. , Dedkov S.A. , Ostafiichuk V.V. , Kukushkina M.M.
Published: January 2024

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of applying negative pressure bandages (VAC bandage) in patients with malignant skin tumors after closing defects with free skin grafts and to compare it with fixation of skin grafts by the ordinary ointment bandages. Materials and Methods. 61 patients with malignant skin tumors who underwent surgical treatment at the National Cancer Institute from 2019 to 2023 were included in the study. For the wound defects closure, the split skin grafts were applied in all patients. At the time of surgery, after closing a wound defect by a split skin graft, a negative pressure dressing (VAC bandage) was applied in 41 patients for 7 days (group 1). In 20 patients, a transplanted skin graft was fixed after surgery by an ordinary ointment pressure bandage (group 2). The immediate results were evaluated one week after surgery. Results. Complete engraftment of the flap in group 1 was observed in 53.7 ± 7.8% cases, in group 2 this result was achieved in 5.0 ± 4.8% patients (p = 0.002). The complete graft necrosis occurred in 1 case in group 1 vs. 2 cases in group 2 (p = 0.496). Conclusion. The results of the engraftment in postoperative wounds were significantly better in the VAC-bandage group in terms of the number of the complete engraftments compared to the conventional pressure ointment bandage group.
A RARE UTERINE TUMOR: DISSEMINATED PERITONEAL LEIOMYOMATOSIS. CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Svintsitskyi V. , Krotevych M. , Iegorov M. , Trokhymych S. , Sendetskyi S.
Published: January 2024

Background. Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis (DPL) is an extremely rare benign disease characterized by widespread lesions of the abdominal cavity, pelvis, and retroperitoneal space with tumor nodules of varying size and number, which are benign neoplasms consisting of smooth muscle fibers in their histological structure. Aim. To analyze clinical cases of DPL with a concise review of the current state of the DPL diagnosis and treatment. Materials and Methods. We analyzed 5 clinical cases of DPL of female patients aged 39—50 years (mean age 46.2 years) who underwent surgical treatment at the National Cancer Institute from 2010 to 2021. In all 5 patients, the diagnosis of DPL (8898/1) was verified according to pathological (using routine hematoxylin/eosin staining) and immunohistochemical (IHC) studies. Results. All patients underwent surgical treatment with a laparotomy approach, the extent and radicality of which depended on the location and number of tumor lesions. At the time of follow-up, all 5 patients were alive and did not receive any special oncological treatment. Conclusions. DPL is characterized by a variety of clinical manifestations from polyserositis to acute abdomen, depending on the location and size of the main tumor focus. IHC analysis is the criterion for the final diagnosis, and radical removal of all tumor foci provides the best therapeutic prognosis. The treatment should be carried out in highly specialized cancer centers where surgeons have gained sufficient experience in performing cytoreductive surgery.
THE CRYOGENIC TECHNOLOGIES APPLICATION IN THE COMPLEX TREATMENT OF GALLBLADDER ADENOCARCINOMA WITH INVASION INTO THE PORTAL VEIN BRANCHES: CASE REPORT
Authors: Dronov O. , Kozachuk Y. , Bakunets Y. , Bakunets P. , Prytkov F.
Published: January 2024

The right trisectionectomy is the main treatment modality for locally advanced gallbladder cancer with invasion of the intraparenchymal portal vein branches because it allows the achievement of negative resection margins (R0). However, only 10%—25% of such patients are eligible for surgery. The cryosurgical method has been successfully used in the complex treatment of hepatopancreatobiliary malignant neoplasms for many years. The possibility of its application close to major blood vessels is one of its advantages. In the presented case, the cryodestruction of the residual tumor with invasion into the anterior wall of the left branch of the portal vein was used as a debulking option during liver resection (R2) due to locally advanced gallbladder cancer. The cryodestruction was performed with application method with a double cryocycle and spontaneous thawing using a Cryo-Pulse device and liquid nitrogen as a cryoagent. No postoperative complications related to cryodestruction were noted. The cryogenic technologies application in the debulking surgery of gallbladder cancer can be a safe treatment modality for residual tumors with invasion into the intraparenchymal branches of the portal vein.
El rebusque como categoría de análisis: caso de estudio de las tiendas de barrio bogotanas en la pandemia del COVID-19
Authors: Calderón Campos Sofía , Dimaté Zamudio Dahian , Valenzuela Orozco Iván
Published: January 2024

En Bogotá, durante la coyuntura del COVID-19, las dinámicas del rebusque se transformaron como resultado de las medidas promulgadas por la alcaldía y el gobierno nacional. Las relaciones entre Estado, mercado y ciudadanía se extendieron en medio del recrudecimiento de la precarización y la vulnerabilidad de los cuerpos. En este contexto, este artículo teoriza la categoría del rebusque dentro del cosmos relacional de las tiendas de barrio de Bogotá y de las transformaciones que estas enfrentaron en los primeros meses de la pandemia (mayo-julio de 2020) para acoplarse a la coyuntura y garantizar su supervivencia económica. Nuestro análisis se despliega a partir de tres ejes: las dificultades económicas específicas afrontadas por los tenderos y tenderas de barrio, la tensión introducida por el rebusque para la dicotomía formal/informal y, por último, las formas como los tenderos y tenderas de barrio teorizan la política, el estado y las insti­tuciones. En cuanto a la metodología, empleamos la etnografía como aliada teórico-práctica y nos valimos de los métodos de la observación participante y entrevistas abiertas para construir nuestras reflexiones. Concluimos que las tiendas de barrio de Bogotá se vieron afectadas negativamente por las medidas institucionales adoptadas, viéndose empujadas a transformar sus dinámicas de interacción con la clientela para poder sobrevivir económicamente. El rebusque se constituye relacionalmente como una expresión de la precarización económica y, en nuestro caso de estudio, muestra la decadencia de la fantasía neoliberal resaltando su cara violenta e insegura.
Saberes esenciales del perfil profesional para una maestría en formación de docentes en educación técnica en Costa Rica
Authors: Quirós Durán Scarlett
Published: January 2024

El interés cada vez mayor por ampliar y mejorar la Educación y Formación Técnica Profesional (EFTP) en Costa Rica se hace cada vez más evidente. Por lo tanto, diferentes instituciones, entre ellas, el Instituto de Investigación en Educación (INIE) de la Universidad de Costa Rica han fomentado la investigación en esta área. La presente exploración pretende identificar, entre otros aspectos, los saberes esenciales que deben poseer los futuros profesionales que cursen una maestría en educación técnica con énfasis en mediación pedagógica. Dicho grado surge como una necesidad del contexto educativo en el que las personas docentes que imparten clases en las diferentes instituciones de EFTP deben reforzar sus conocimientos y habilidades en torno al proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje, para enfocarse en la educación por competencias. La presente investigación de carácter mixto, predominantemente, cualitativo se realizó entre los años 2020 y 2022, está orientada hacia el análisis de los requerimientos en EFTP que tienen las personas docentes, para determinar los saberes esenciales que caracterizan el perfil académico profesional en este ámbito. Se recurrió a revisión documental, entrevistas, cuestionarios y grupos focales con actores claves de la EFTP (personas docentes del Ministerio de Educación Pública y del Instituto Nacional de Aprendizaje, empleadores de estos sectores, personas directoras o encargadas de programas de estudio en EFTP, específicamente, del Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica y la Universidad Técnica Nacional, y personas expertas en el campo de la EFTP). Se aplicaron seis entrevistas y 326 cuestionarios, además de varias sesiones de grupo focal. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, se determinan que los principales conocimientos y habilidades (saber conocer y saber hacer) deben centrarse en la especialidad técnica que imparten, en la implementación de tecnologías de la información y la comunicación que enriquezcan el proceso educativo, para que se tome en cuenta el entorno laboral en el cual podrán insertarse, posteriormente, las personas estudiantes para prepararlos de la mejor manera, considerando, entre otros aspectos, fundamentalmente, el desarrollo de las habilidades blandas, así como también en la adecuada puesta en práctica de un enfoque por competencias. Además, con respecto al saber ser y convivir, se establecen una serie de actitudes y valores que deben desarrollar y mostrar las personas docentes encargadas de la EFTP. Se concluye que la persona docente en EFTP requiere de un perfil profesional complejo en el que se incluyen diferentes saberes que deben ser, constantemente, reflexionados y actualizados.
Perfil cognitivo de estudiantes con bajo rendimiento intelectual. Asociaciones entre inteligencia y creatividad
Authors: Chávez Soto Blanca Ivet , Grimaldo Salazar Edgar , Castillo Granados Alma , Rodríguez Reyes Italia Valeria
Published: January 2024

El estudiantado con bajo rendimiento intelectual se caracteriza por presentar alteraciones en distintas áreas del funcionamiento cognitivo, académico y conductual. Por ello es indispensable conocer los perfiles cognitivos para realizar las adecuaciones curriculares pertinentes y lograr un mejor desarrollo en la persona. Con base en lo anterior, el objetivo del presente artículo fue identificar si existía relación entre los niveles de inteligencia y creatividad en un grupo de estudiantes con bajo rendimiento intelectual a partir de una evaluación psicopedagógica que ayudara a determinar sus necesidades educativas. Se trató de una investigación cuantitativa y correlacional en la que participaron 23 estudiantes (M edad 9.04, D. E = 1.51) de tres escuelas primarias públicas de Tlaxcala, México, que fueron remitidos por sus docentes a una evaluación psicopedagógica durante el ciclo escolar 2022-2023. Se aplicaron el Test de Matrices Progresivas de Raven Forma Coloreada, Escala Wechsler de Inteligencia para Niños WISC-IV y la Prueba de Pensamiento Creativo Versión Figural A. En los resultados se encontró que la prueba Raven correlacionó con la dimensión de títulos de la prueba de creatividad (rs = .462*, sig = .027), también se observó que el razonamiento perceptual evaluado con el WISC-IV se asoció con la creatividad total (rs = .498*, sig = .016) y con el indicador de fluidez (rs = .482*, sig = .020). Los resultados anteriores permitieron reconocer el perfil cognitivo del estudiantado y constituyeron la base para las propuestas de intervención dentro del aula de clase.
Elementos que percibe el estudiantado del profesorado en matemáticas en la configuración de su identidad profesional
Authors: Rivera Abrajan Magdalena , Reséndiz Rodríguez Carlos , Salas Vega Raúl
Published: January 2024

En las últimas décadas se ha investigado ampliamente la identidad del profesorado a través de un enfoque particular en el profesorado de ciclos iniciales. Sin embargo, se ha observado una notable carencia en cuanto a investigaciones relacionadas con la configuración de la identidad del profesorado de matemáticas durante su proceso de formación profesional. El objetivo de este artículo fue presentar los elementos significativos en la configuración de la identidad profesional, tal como se perciben desde la perspectiva del alumnado, mediante los aspectos que consideran importantes en su educación universitaria. Este estudio adopta un enfoque cualitativo de carácter exploratorio. La recopilación de las narrativas se llevó a cabo durante el periodo comprendido entre febrero y marzo del 2020. Se invitó a participar en la investigación a las once personas participantes que conformaban el último semestre de la licenciatura en Matemáticas de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, México. La obtención de datos se realizó mediante la redacción de una narrativa escolar de su experiencia en la universidad, así como algunos episodios de su educación previa. Además, se llevaron a cabo entrevistas en grupos focales a través de videoconferencia, esto debido a la emergencia sanitaria declarada por COVID-19. El análisis de los datos se llevó a cabo mediante un enfoque de análisis temático, lo que resultó en la identificación de cuatro categorías que, a su vez, agrupaban once temas significativos para el estudiantado en la configuración de su identidad profesional. Se concluyó que el análisis de las experiencias vividas por el alumnado, tal como se relatan en sus narrativas, proporciona una valiosa comprensión de su identidad profesional; permite adentrarse en cómo perciben y expresan su identidad en relación con otros y otras profesionales en formación, así como en cómo atribuyen significado a sus experiencias y las integran como parte fundamental de su proceso de conversión a docentes.
La docencia como profesión. Un estudio sobre motivaciones de docentes de educación secundaria en el Estado de México
Authors: Mejía Bricaire Jorge , Gutiérrez Ojeda Jonathan
Published: January 2024

El objetivo de este artículo fue realizar un análisis sobre las motivaciones que guiaron a docentes de educación secundaria para la elección de la docencia como profesión en el marco del Servicio Profesional Docente. El enfoque metodológico fue cualitativo, los instrumentos de recolección de información fue la entrevista en profundidad. Se realizaron 26 entrevistas (12 mujeres y 14 hombres) a personas egresadas de Instituciones de Educación Superior, Escuelas Normales (públicas) y Universidades (públicas y privadas). El trabajo de campo se realizó de octubre de 2019 a julio de 2020 en el Estado de México. La interpretación de la información se hizo desde el análisis estructural de relatos para comprender las motivaciones de las personas para elegir la docencia como profesión. Esto, en medio de cambios realizados a las políticas públicas educativas en 2013, que modificó el proceso de ingreso a la docencia en el sector público. Los principales hallazgos fueron que, en las personas egresadas de Escuelas Normales predominan las motivaciones intrínsecas y altruistas. Y, en menor medida el mejoramiento de las condiciones de aprendizaje y superación de las desigualdades de sus estudiantes. En las personas egresadas de universidades prevalecen las motivaciones de tipo extrínseco por los beneficios económicos que representa emplearse en el sector público. A guisa de conclusión, las motivaciones para ser docente no solo es un tema de vocación o altruismo, sino de oportunidad laboral. Es oportuno integrar perspectivas críticas como el enfoque de género para ampliar los marcos de análisis sobre las motivaciones para la elección de la docencia como profesión.
Aportes de la Orientación en la promoción de la empleabilidad en estudiantes de Educación y Formación Técnica Profesional
Authors: Guerrero Conejo Tatiana , Martínez Villegas Natalia , Montoya Bolaños Margoth , Ureña Salazar Viria
Published: January 2024

Se presentan los resultados del estudio Aportes de la orientación en la promoción de la empleabilidad en estudiantes de la Educación y Formación Técnica Profesional (EFTP), cuyo objetivo fue analizar el aporte de la orientación en la promoción de la empleabilidad en estudiantes de EFTP en el contexto del Ministerio de Educación Pública (MEP) realizado durante los años 2021 y 2022. Se parte del paradigma naturalista, con enfoque cualitativo y método fenomenológico, ya que se busca describir e interpretar lo expresado mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas a las personas participantes en la investigación, es decir, a profesionales en Orientación y estudiantes de duodécimo nivel de Colegios Técnicos Profesionales (CTP). Los resultados obtenidos se organizaron en categorías: Orientación para la empleabilidad en la EFTP; una contextualización en los CTP, la cual remite a las funciones de las personas profesionales en Orientación en los CTP; el trabajo en equipo como condición que supone la promoción de la empleabilidad y el ajuste en el quehacer profesional en EFTP, a partir de la pandemia por el COVID-19; promoción de la empleabilidad de las personas profesionales en orientación, en la cual se encuentra que se promocionan actitudes, habilidades y se ofrecen herramientas para la empleabilidad; y aportes de las personas profesionales en orientación en la promoción de la empleabilidad en la EFTP del MEP, donde se evidencia que las personas orientadoras realizan acciones que facilitan el conocimiento de sí y del contexto, lo que contribuye en su empleabilidad. Entre las conclusiones más importantes se puede mencionar que el grupo de profesionales en orientación enfrenta retos para la promoción de la empleabilidad, ya que, en el ciclo diversificado, no se cuenta con la lección de Orientación; sin embargo, logran realizar un trabajo en conjunto con el personal docente y administrativo de las instituciones educativas con el fin de promocionar la empleabilidad del estudiantado. Como recomendación, entre otras, se insta a la persona profesional en Orientación, a buscar diferentes espacios, desde donde desarrollar procesos, acciones que promocionen la empleabilidad del estudiantado de los CTP.
Perspectivas en torno a la Orientación en Colegios Técnico Profesionales (CTP): Desafíos y oportunidades
Authors: Murillo Aguilar Osvaldo , Ureña Salazar Viria
Published: January 2024

El estudio que se presenta en este artículo se desarrolló en el marco del Proyecto 724-C1-714 Observatorio Temático de la Educación y Formación Técnica Profesional Costarricense, inscrito en el Instituto de Investigación en Educación de la Universidad Costa Rica. En este estudio cualitativo, con alcance descriptivo, se utilizó el método fenomenológico y el cuestionario como técnica para la recolección de la información; participaron 8 de 11 profesionales de Orientación que laboran en los Colegios Técnicos Profesionales de la Dirección Regional Educativa de Puriscal del Ministerio de Educación Pública. Se realizó durante el segundo ciclo del año 2022 y primero del 2023. La información obtenida se agrupó en 3 categorías: Situación de la EFTP, Sobre la Orientación en los CTP y la Orientación en los CTP en los próximos cinco años. Como parte de los resultados, destaca que las personas consultadas vislumbran un futuro positivo para EFTP, por la atención que se le está dando en nuestro país a esta modalidad educativa, a partir de la necesidad de que las personas jóvenes se incorporen al mundo del trabajo, lo que lleva a que se mencionen las oportunidades que tiene la Orientación en este contexto. Al respecto se indica, en relación con la Orientación vocacional, la exploración de los intereses, habilidades y el conocimiento del entorno. Lo anterior, en función de la toma de decisiones vocacionales asociadas a la especialidad que van a cursar, la incorporación al mundo del trabajo y la posibilidad de continuar o no con estudios superiores. Respecto a los desafíos se indica la necesidad de contar con espacios que permitan ofrecer al estudiantado Orientación vocacional, de manera específica se menciona la lección de Orientación para el ciclo diversificado. Entre las conclusiones obtenidas están; la ETFP se constituye una modalidad educativa que permite al país incrementar su competitividad y a la población estudiantil le abre oportunidades para la obtención de un empleo. No obstante, se afirma que existen aspectos a los que se les debe poner atención para mejorar esta modalidad educativa. Se menciona por ejemplo que, desde la gestión administrativa, se debe procurar la creación de espacios para ofrecer Orientación vocacional. Las oportunidades que se presentan para la Orientación en los CTP remiten a acciones a desarrollar desde la Orientación vocacional, exploración de los intereses y habilidades del estudiantado y para el conocimiento del entorno. Como desafíos se recalca la necesidad de poder involucrar al estudiantado en sus procesos de autoconocimiento, toma de decisiones y proyecto de vida. Se considera que la Orientación en el futuro más inmediato, debe integrar en su quehacer, el uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC), lo cual requiere que se planifiquen procesos de formación continua para el grupo de profesionales en Orientación.
Subjetividad y colonialidad: alianzas históricas que perpetúan opresiones
Authors: Giuliano Valentina
Published: January 2024

¿Cuál es el lugar de la relación entre subjetividad y colonialidad en la formación psicoanalítica? ¿Con quiénes pensamos o a quiénes leemos? ¿Desde qué lugar? ¿Qué movimientos esconde esta formación? Son algunas de las preguntas que sirven como punto de partida para reflexionar en torno al vínculo entre psicoanálisis y filosofía latinoamericana. Esta vinculación permite abrir nuevas interrogantes sobre el objeto de estudio del psicoanálisis: el sujeto/las subjetividades. El objetivo general que atraviesa estas páginas tiene que ver con indagar los aportes que puede realizar la filosofía decolonial a la crítica de las ideas de sujeto/subjetividad realizada desde el psicoanálisis de grupos, entendiendo que la idea de sujeto podría ser criticada también desde la decolonialidad como una noción moderna/colonial —que se encuentra instalada en el núcleo formativo de las profesionales en Psicología—. La importancia de este recorrido es que nos permite advertir algunas de las consecuencias de pensar al sujeto/subjetividades de forma eurocéntrica, lo cual reproduce y alimenta totalizaciones que generan malestares sobre la base de eludir las explotaciones y clasificaciones que se vienen dando desde antes de la expansión del capitalismo, precisamente desde el siglo XVI, y que viene imponiendo lugares a ocupar según variables interrelacionadas de clase, género y raza.
A propósito de los colaterales para la democracia en la era digital
Authors: Lozano Cuervo Juan Carlos
Published: January 2024

La democracia en la era digital trae consigo nuevas preocupaciones en medio de la atmósfera de desconfianza, la crisis de la representación y la fatiga democrática que contribuye a elevar los zumbidos y profundiza la confusión, especialmente en época electoral. En tal sentido, la aldea digital introduce nuevas prácticas que deben ser entendidas y debatidas al girar en torno a un individualismo hiperinformado manipulado que afecta la democracia liberal. El debate público en clave con la comunicación pública virtual y, al mismo momento, los colaterales para el proyecto democrático debe ser objeto de reflexión ante la abierta manipulación buscando la frontera entre el ejercicio de la libertad de expresión y la censura previa. Palabras clave: habitante, individualidad, democracia, manipulación, comunicación.
Exploring the perception of politeness in relation to language attrition and interpersonal dynamics in an intercultural academic context
Authors: Ezzaouya Hanae , Ohashi Iori
Published: January 2024

The present paper explores the intricacies of the perception of international doctoral students of politeness, linguistic choices, and language attrition, and their subsequent influence on intercultural academic relationships. The findings of this study provide an insight on the interplay between the perception of politeness and linguistic choices, a paramount determinant of successful academic communication. The data from this case study further shows that assimilation to the host country’s culture and linguistic nuances along with the length of academic breaks in the home country emerge as critical factors in second and first language attrition. The study underscores the imperative need for developing pragmatic competence and particularly ensuring its reinforcement through prolonged sustained exposure and productive language practice in both the nascent and advanced stages of second language acquisition in academic contexts where English is used as a lingua franca. As the environment of academic communication is becoming increasingly globalized, the results of this study emphasize the significance of effective communication and sustained pragmatic competencies in establishing effective academic networks, collaborations, and relationships in diverse intercultural settings.
Preserving Renal Function without Compromising Oncological Outcomes: A Comparative Study of Partial and Total Nephrectomies in T3 Stage Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Alasker Ahmed , Rashed Alnafisah Turki , Alghafees Mohammad , Shafqat Areez , Nedal Sabbah Belal , Alhaider Abdullah , Alsayyari Abdulrahman , Althonayan Naif , AlOtaibi Mohammed , Bin Ofisan Salman , Alghamdi Mohammed , Albogami Nasser , Al-Khayal Abdullah
Published: January 2024

The utility of partial nephrectomy (PN) in locally advanced, stage T3 renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is controversial. This retrospective study aimed to review the oncological and functional outcomes of patients with T3a RCC who underwent PN. We included all patients with pT3a stage RCC undergoing either open, laparoscopic, or robotic PN at our center between January 2015 and 2023. A Wilcoxon rank sum test was utilized to compare nephrectomy types (radical nephrectomy [RN] vs PN). Survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan–Meier plots and a log-rank test. P-value < 0.05 indicated statistical significance. There were no significant differences in demographic characteristics between the RN and PN groups, except age (53.0 vs 6.5, respectively; P = 0.012) and body mass index (28.7 vs 34.3, respectively; P = 0.020). Furthermore, there were also no significant differences in the rates of local recurrence (P = 0.597), metastatic progression (P = 0.129), and chemotherapy use (P = 0.367) between nephrectomy types. Patient survival did not differ significantly based on the type of nephrectomy (log-rank P-value = 0.852). Together, our findings indicated that PN and RN yield near-equivalent oncological outcomes in terms of local recurrence, metastasis, and overall survival rates among pT3a RCC patients during a nearly 3-year follow-up period.
The Effect of Parametric Patterned Façade Variations on Daylight Quality, Visual Comfort, and Daylight Performance in Architecture Studio-Based Tutoring
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Abdelhamid Yasmine Mahmoud Saad , Wahba Sherine M. ,   Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, ElHusseiny Menna ,   Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University
Published: January 2024

Parametric design influences on building envelope design are exponentially increasing in the current era due to the dominance of computational design on architectural outcomes. The composition of the building envelope’s patterns, shape, size, and distribution of the perforations can affect the efficiency of daylighting within the space; daylight quality, visual comfort, and daylight performance. Through the manipulation of the daylighting patterns, a balance between illuminance and glare control is created. This research study aims to analyze and evaluate the effect of different parametric patterns integration on daylighting in “Architecture Studio-based” tutoring through the distribution of perforation on façade openings, percentage of perforation, and perforation size in a hot-dry climate. The analysis is conducted through building performance simulation software (Climate Studio). The research concludes that the “Triangles Parametric Pattern” among all the tested patterns, achieves the highest performance in compliance with the recommended thresholds of daylight quality, visual comfort, and daylight performance metrics within the studio space compared to other parametric patterns and the base case model. The implications of such an experiment inform designers to categorize daylight performance while selecting patterns in window design as part of façade design.
Layered Yttrium Oxide Reinforced Graphene Oxide Electrode Surface for Voltammetric Determination of Paracetamol
Authors: Şanko Vildan , Ömeroğlu İpek
Published: January 2024

In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized by the Hummers method starting from graphite. Also, the sol-gel method synthesized yttrium oxide (YO) and was characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TEM techniques. The sensor performance of the modified electrode against the paracetamol analyte was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). As a result of the optimized voltammetric methods calculated the linear working range was 0.25-10.0 µM and the LOD value was 19.0 nM. With the DPV method, advanced analytical parameters such as stability, reproducibility, and selectivity were studied. Moreover, the performance of the new sensor to detect paracetamol in tablet real samples was examined.
Controversy About the Date of Termination of the Rule of the Eastern Roman Empire in the Klimata of Gothia
Authors:   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Aibabin Aleksandr
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Crimean historians dated the liberation of the Klimata of Gothia from the control of the Eastern Roman Empire to the end of the 12th century, 1204 or 1070. Anna Komnene wrote about Cherson belonging to Byzantium in 1092. A.A. Vasiliev, as well as A.A. Kunik and V. Heid, saw in the text of the Alexei III Angel’s chrysoboullos in 1198 a proof of the “liberation” of Crimean Gothia from political dependence on Byzantium. A.L. Jacobson joined this opinion. Analysis. According to the conclusion of A.P. Kazhdan, the Metropolitan of Athens Michael Choniates’s letter no. 3 to Pegonites fixes the dispatch of tax collectors from Constantinople to the Klimata of Gothia and thus is evidence of the real power of Byzantium in the Klimata and the Cimmerian Bosporus around 1180. The term θέμα acquires its former administrative meaning after the reform of the Komnenoi, which restored, at least in Asia Minor, the old principle of dividing the territory of the empire into administrative units, again called themes and controlled by a high-ranking military officer – the doux, who again controlled the civil administration. These military districts formed the core of the Komnenian provincial administration. The 12th-century-seals of Byzantine aristocrats originating from the territory of the Klimata of Gothia testify to the possible sale of administrative positions in the Crimea by the Komnenoi to representatives of aristocratic families. Results. The administration of the Eastern Roman Empire in the region was interrupted by its defeat in 1204 by the Crusaders. Throughout the entire period of their existence in the Klimata of Gothia, there is no evidence of their autonomy. In 1261, the emperor of the Nicaean Empire, Michael VIII Palaiologos, captured Constantinople and restored the Eastern Roman Empire. The Empire of Trebizond continued to live an isolated life, and Cherson with Klimata of Gothia paid tribute to it.
The Origin of the “Jesus Prayer”. A Critique of Traditional Opinion in the Context of the Phenomenon of Spontaneous Prayers
Authors:   Center for Training Church Specialists of the Volgograd Eparchy, Patrin Viacheslav
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The history of Byzantine spirituality is inextricably linked with the mystical tradition of Hesychasm, in which the practice of the “Jesus Prayer” occupied the central place. Both in the patristic literature and scientific historiography, particular attention has been paid to the question of the appearance of the formula of the “Jesus Prayer”. The generally accepted opinion was and remains that the formula of the “Jesus Prayer” was compiled on the basis of the texts of the New Testament. We find this opinion in the late Byzantine literature analyzing the formula of the “Jesus Prayer”. Modern scholarly literature also contains its own line of argumentation in favor of this opinion. Methods and analysis. Our scholarly interest in this topic was largely motivated by disagreement with this generally accepted view. This disagreement was initially intuitive, and it took us some time to be able to express our intuition logically and factually. The main line of our argumentation is based on the attraction of the phenomenon of spontaneous prayers to the analysis of the history of the “Jesus Prayer”. Results. This article summarizes the work that we have done. The fallacy of the traditional scientific approach to the “Jesus Prayer” as a fixed formula compiled on the basis of the texts of the New Testament is pointed out.
Arab Conquests. View from Egypt
Authors:   Centre for Egyptological Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Voytenko Anton
Published: January 2024

The reasons for the success of the Arab conquests present a complex problem. It is difficult to explain the victories of the Arab-Muslim troops, which had much less military-demographic potential than neighboring Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantium) and Sasanian Empire. The article is devoted to identifying the main causes of Egypt’s loss by Byzantium and its capture by the Arabs. Methods. The main research method was factor analysis, which allows to find out all the possible reasons for the success of the Arabs and the defeat of the Byzantines, to identify their internal relationship and hierarchy, classifying them into basic and situational ones. Analysis. The study analyzed the influence of the religious factor (Islam for the Arabs, the Christological schism for Egypt), the military potential of the Arabs and the Byzantines (the expected number of troops, the strategy and tactics of the warring parties, the motivation of the armies, etc.), the degree of the consolidation of the elites, public sentiment. Special attention was paid to the route of the Arabs, the role of Patriarch Cyrus (Mukaukus), two attempts to reconquist Egypt by the Byzantines, the system of administration and taxation of the Arabs on the conquered territory. Results. The main factor in the defeat of the Byzantines in Egypt can be considered the weak integration of this region into the Empire, as indicated by the unresolved religious issue (Chalcedonian schism), insufficient military contingent, weak social support for the central government, etc. The main reason for the success of the Arabs in conquering and keeping Egypt under their rule can be considered a “symbiosis” of two factors: 1) early Islam, which contributed to the consolidation of society and the elites, gave meaning for the motivation of the army, contributed to the establishment of the dhimma system, which provided Christian communities with autonomy in religious matters, and 2) the genesis of the Arab state, which passed at the same time and created real conditions for borrowing managerial and fiscal models, “natural” for the conquered territories.
Accentuation of Byzantine Greek Inscriptions on Metallic Objects from Different Collections
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Evdokimova Аlexandra
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Analysis of sphragistic material in comparison with inscriptions from Italy made on metal showed that in inscriptions of this kind, in addition to the previously known Byzantine, Alexandrian and logical accentuation systems, systems with accent shifts to the right or left were actively used. Methodology. Inscriptions on metal objects were examined on the basis of photographs presented in different editions of the same monument. Material. The article presents the result of an analysis of the use of accentuation marks in 22 Byzantine Greek inscriptions on metal objects of the 9th – 14th centuries, most of which were written in dodecasyllables. Analysis. Inscriptions on metal reliquaries, icon frames, crosses, as well as inscriptions on enamels and encolpions made using various metalworking techniques were analyzed. The elements of Greek accentuation systems presented in them and the directions of stress shifts are described. Results. All presented inscriptions can be divided into two groups: 1) the Byzantine accentuation system with shifts of stress to the right or left with the latter falling between a vowel and a consonant, which can be considered a paleographic feature, as well as the use of trema in cases not determined by phonetic aspects; 2) elements of the Alexandrian system: stress on the unstressed syllable, stress on the first part of the diphthong. In both groups, logical stress could also be placed, including on abbreviations.
New Data on the Landscape of the Northern Part of the Byzantine City on the Eski-Kermen Plateau
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology of Crimea of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Khairedinova Elzara
Published: January 2024

Introduction. At the end of the 6th century in the South-Western Crimea, on the Eski-Kermen plateau, Byzantine engineers built a fortress to protect the local Goto-Alan population as well as to protect the approaches to Cherson, the main outpost of the empire on the peninsula. Methods. In 2022, during archaeological work in the northern part of the Eski-Kermen plateau, which was considered by researchers to be an undeveloped territory, a Christian church was opened, which made it possible to reconstruct the urban landscape of this part of the city in a new way. Analysis. The southeastern part of the church with a semicircular apse, sections of the southern wall, and the naos were excavated. In the center of the apse in situ, there is an altar made in the form of a table on a faceted pillar. Crosses are carved on the western and eastern sides of the pillar, and depressions are made for two relics. The base of the altar was cut into a rock monolith during the preparation of the site for the construction of the church, when the surface of the rock was leveled and cramped. The walls of the church were already being built around the base made for the altar. Results. Thus, a Christian church functioned in the northern part of the city on the Eski-Kermen plateau from the early medieval period until the death of the city at the end of the 13th century. It was the second-largest building in the city after the main basilica. The church was built for the residents of the neighborhoods located nearby, along the eastern edge of the plateau. Throughout its existence, the church was renovated, as evidenced by a small reconstruction in the apse and an opening for an additional relic on the western side of the altar. In the 10th century, after the city necropolis on the southeastern slope of the plateau ceased to exist, and chapels for burials began to be built in the quarters on the plateau, a necropolis appeared next to the “Northern” church where residents of the northern quarters buried their dead.
Princess Olga and Constantinople: Wandering Plots and Changeable Inscriptions
Authors:   HSE University, Vinogradov Andrey
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The author proposes a new reconstruction of two episodes concerning Princess Olga in the chronicles and Prolog, which allows to clarify the overall picture of the development of the pre-Mongol legend about the baptism of Olga and her trip to Constantinople. Analysis. In the early chronicles, two layers of narrative about Olga’s trip to Constantinople are clearly distinguishable. The original story contained only the relationship between Olga and Emperor Ioannes Tzimiskes: the author had a good knowledge of the realities of Byzantine politics in the 960s, probably from the Byzantine chronicles. However, the story itself is too fictionalized, and its author, who inscribes Olga’s trip in 946 and her baptism in a completely different chronological frame – the turn of the 960–970s, had to work in the 1060s – early 1070s imitating stories about a wise pagan princess from an older chronicle. Probably, in the “Initial Compilation” this ‘secular’ story was ‘Christianized, but not quite harmoniously. In this form, the story of Olga’s trip and baptism was included in the “Tale of Bygone Years”, but in its recension the “unhistorical” Ioannes Tzimiskes was replaced – probably on the basis of Byzantine chronicles – by the ‘historical’ Constantine VII. However, the chronicles of the late 11th – early 12th century do not know Olga’s cross, which, according to the Prolog, stood in the 1160s in the altar of St. Sofia of Kiev. It was either a “fixation” of the historical memory of the first baptist of Rus’, or a contribution of a 12th century princess with the same name (e.g., of the daughter of Yuri Dolgorukiy and a Byzantine princess). The author of the Prolog combined excerpts from the “Tale of Bygone Years” with the story of Olga’s cross, also “historicizing” the patriarch, who became now Photios, and creating the basis for the entire further hagiographic tradition of the princess.
Neural ordinary differential grey algorithm to forecasting MEVW systems
Authors: Chen Zy , Meng Yahui , Wang Ruei-Yuan , Chen Timothy
Published: January 2024

Because of the advantage of the gray theory for forecasting small sample time data, gray algorithm theory has definitely been extensively utilized since it has been proposed and is currently being widely developed for predicting frames particularly in small sample problems. This article presented a viewpoint called gray algorithm by neuron- based ordinary-differential equation (NODE), called NODGM (neuron-based ordinary-differential gray-mode). In this type, we learn prediction methods through a training process that includes whiting equations. Compared with other models, the structure and time series via the regularity of real-samples are required in advance, so this NODGM design can have a better feasibility of applications and also study the origins of data according to different samples. The purpose is obtaining a better design with high forecast effectiveness, this study uses NODGM to train the model, while Runge-Kutta method is used to have the forecast set and solve numerical framwork. This algorithmic design creates a favorable theoretical basis for the installation of new process and distributes the numerical dimensions of completely mechanically elastic vehicle wheels (MEVW) in practical simulations.