bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Superiority of Graphene over Polymer Coatings for Prevention of Microbially Induced Corrosion
Authors: Krishnamurthy Ajay , Gadhamshetty Venkataramana , Mukherjee Rahul , Natarajan Bharath , Eksik Osman , Ali Shojaee S. , Lucca Don A. , Ren Wencai , Cheng Hui-Ming , Koratkar Nikhil
Published: September 2015

Prevention of microbially induced corrosion (MIC) is of great significance in many environmental applications. Here, we report the use of an ultra-thin, graphene skin (Gr) as a superior anti-MIC coating over two commercial polymeric coatings, Parylene-C (PA) and Polyurethane (PU). We find that Nickel (Ni) dissolution in a corrosion cell with Gr-coated Ni is an order of magnitude lower than that of PA and PU coated electrodes. Electrochemical analysis reveals that the Gr coating offers ~10 and ~100 fold improvement in MIC resistance over PU and PA coatings respectively. This finding is remarkable considering that the Gr coating (1–2 nm) is ~25 and ~4000 times thinner than the PA (40–50 nm) and PU coatings (20–80 μm), respectively. Conventional polymer coatings are either non-conformal when deposited or degrade under the action of microbial processes, while the electro-chemically inert graphene coating is both resistant to microbial attack and is extremely conformal and defect-free. Finally, we provide a brief discussion regarding the effectiveness of as-grown vs. transferred graphene films for anti-MIC applications. While the as-grown graphene films are devoid of major defects, wet transfer of graphene is shown to introduce large scale defects that make it less suitable for the current application.
X-ray irradiation activates K+ channels via H2O2 signaling
Authors: Gibhardt Christine S. , Roth Bastian , Schroeder Indra , Fuck Sebastian , Becker Patrick , Jakob Burkhard , Fournier Claudia , Moroni Anna , Thiel Gerhard
Published: September 2015

Ionizing radiation is a universal tool in tumor therapy but may also cause secondary cancers or cell invasiveness. These negative side effects could be causally related to the human-intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated-K+-channel (hIK), which is activated by X-ray irradiation and affects cell proliferation and migration. To analyze the signaling cascade downstream of ionizing radiation we use genetically encoded reporters for H2O2 (HyPer) and for the dominant redox-buffer glutathione (Grx1-roGFP2) to monitor with high spatial and temporal resolution, radiation-triggered excursions of H2O2 in A549 and HEK293 cells. The data show that challenging cells with ≥1 Gy X-rays or with UV-A laser micro-irradiation causes a rapid rise of H2O2 in the nucleus and in the cytosol. This rise, which is determined by the rate of H2O2 production and glutathione-buffering, is sufficient for triggering a signaling cascade that involves an elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ and eventually an activation of hIK channels.
Subsequent Type 2 Diabetes in Patients with Autoimmune Disease
Authors: Hemminki Kari , Liu Xiangdong , Försti Asta , Sundquist Jan , Sundquist Kristina , Ji Jianguang
Published: September 2015

Immunological data show that type 2 diabetes (T2D) manifests autoimmune features. We wanted to test the association epidemiologically by assessing subsequent diagnosis of T2D following diagnosis of autoimmune disease (AId) and subsequent AId after T2D in the same individuals. Patients were identified from three Swedish health databases. A total of 32 different AId were included. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for T2D diagnosis in patients with previously diagnosed AId and compared to those without a previous AId. Among a total of 757,368 AId patients, 15,103 were diagnosed with T2D, giving an overall SIR for T2D of 1.66. T2D risks were increased after 27 AIds; the highest SIRs were noted for chorea minor (8.00), lupoid hepatitis (5.75) and Addison disease (2.63). T2D was increased after 27 of 32 AIds but we were unable to control for factors such as obesity and smoking. However, the clearly increased risks for T2D in most types of AId patients and in reverse order increased risks for AId after T2D, do not support an overall confounding by life-style factors. Mechanistic links shared by T2D, AId and life-style factors such as obesity, perhaps through chronic inflammation, may drive autoimmune activation of T2D and many AIds.
Increase in dicentric chromosome formation after a single CT scan in adults
Authors: Abe Yu , Miura Tomisato , Yoshida Mitsuaki A. , Ujiie Risa , Kurosu Yumiko , Kato Nagisa , Katafuchi Atsushi , Tsuyama Naohiro , Ohba Takashi , Inamasu Tomoko , Shishido Fumio , Noji Hideyoshi , Ogawa Kazuei , Yokouchi Hiroshi , Kanazawa Kenya , Ishida Takashi , Muto Satoshi , Ohsugi Jun , Suzuki Hiroyuki , Ishikawa Tetsuo , Kamiya Kenji , Sakai Akira
Published: September 2015

Excess risk of leukemia and brain tumors after CT scans in children has been reported. We performed dicentric chromosome assay (DCAs) before and after CT scan to assess effects of low-dose ionizing radiation on chromosomes. Peripheral blood (PB) lymphocytes were collected from 10 patients before and after a CT scan. DCA was performed by analyzing either 1,000 or 2,000 metaphases using both Giemsa staining and centromere-fluorescence in situ hybridization (Centromere-FISH). The increment of DIC formation was compared with effective radiation dose calculated using the computational dosimetry system, WAZA-ARI and dose length product (DLP) in a CT scan. Dicentric chromosome (DIC) formation increased significantly after a single CT scan and increased DIC formation was found in all patients. A good correlation between the increment of DIC formation determined by analysis of 2,000 metaphases using Giemsa staining and those by 2,000 metaphases using Centromere-FISH was observed. However, no correlation was observed between the increment of DIC formation and the effective radiation dose. Therefore, these results suggest that chromosome cleavage may be induced by one CT scan and we recommend 2,000 or more metaphases be analyzed in Giemsa staining or Centromere-FISH for DCAs in cases of low-dose radiation exposure.
Quantifying the heritability of testicular germ cell tumour using both population-based and genomic approaches
Authors: Litchfield Kevin , Thomsen Hauke , Mitchell Jonathan S. , Sundquist Jan , Houlston Richard S , Hemminki Kari , Turnbull Clare
Published: September 2015

A sizable fraction of testicular germ cell tumour (TGCT) risk is expected to be explained by heritable factors. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully identified a number of common SNPs associated with TGCT. It is however, unclear how much common variation there is left to be accounted for by other, yet to be identified, common SNPs and what contribution common genetic variation makes to the heritable risk of TGCT. We approached this question using two complimentary analytical techniques. We undertook a population-based analysis of the Swedish family-cancer database, through which we estimated that the heritability of TGCT at 48.9% (CI:47.2%–52.3%). We also applied Genome-Wide Complex Trait Analysis to 922 cases and 4,842 controls to estimate the heritability of TGCT. The heritability explained by known common risk SNPs identified by GWAS was 9.1%, whereas the heritability explained by all common SNPs was 37.4% (CI:27.6%–47.2%). These complementary findings indicate that the known TGCT SNPs only explain a small proportion of the heritability and many additional common SNPs remain to be identified. The data also suggests that a fraction of the heritability of TGCT is likely to be explained by other classes of genetic variation, such as rare disease-causing alleles.
Bioluminescence-mediated longitudinal monitoring of adipose-derived stem cells in a large mammal ex vivo organ culture
Authors: Peeters Mirte , van Rijn Sjoerd , Vergroesen Pieter-Paul A. , Paul Cornelis P. L. , Noske David P. , Peter Vandertop W. , Wurdinger Thomas , Helder Marco N.
Published: September 2015

Recently, ex vivo three-dimensional organ culture systems have emerged to study the physiology and pathophysiology of human organs. These systems also have potential as a translational tool in tissue engineering; however, this potential is limited by our ability to longitudinally monitor the fate and action of cells used in regenerative therapies. Therefore, we investigated luciferase-mediated bioluminescence imaging (BLI) as a non-invasive technique to continuously monitor cellular behavior in ex vivo whole organ culture. Goat adipose-derived stem cells (gADSCs) were transduced with either Firefly luciferase (Fluc) or Gaussia luciferase (Gluc) reporter genes and injected in isolated goat intervertebral discs (IVD). Luciferase activity was monitored by BLI for at least seven days of culture. Additionally, possible confounders specific to avascular organ culture were investigated. Gluc imaging proved to be more suitable compared to Fluc in monitoring gADSCs in goat IVDs. We conclude that BLI is a promising tool to monitor spatial and temporal cellular behavior in ex vivo organ culture. Hence, ex vivo organ culture systems allow pre-screening and pre-validation of novel therapeutic concepts prior to in vivo large animal experimentation. Thereby, organ culture systems can reduce animal use and improve the speed of innovation by overcoming technological, ethical and financial challenges.
A high fatigue resistant, photoswitchable fluorescent spiropyran–polyoxometalate–BODIPY single-molecule
Authors: Saad Ali , Oms Olivier , Dolbecq Anne , Menet Clotilde , Dessapt Rémi , Serier-Brault Hélène , Allard Emmanuel , Baczko Krystyna , Mialane Pierre
Published: September 2015

In the reported spiropyran/polyoxometalate/BODIPY triad, the fluorescence of the BODIPY can be highly reversibly quenched by the activation of the photochromic spiropyran.
Disaccharide-driven transition of macroscopic properties: from molecular recognition to glycopeptide enrichment
Authors: Ding Peng , Li Xiuling , Qing Guangyan , Sun Taolei , Liang Xinmiao
Published: September 2015

We report a smart copolymer system for disaccharide recognition. The interaction with the disaccharide induces the obvious wettability and adhesion force changes of the copolymer film, which provides great advantage in glycopeptide enrichment.
The beauty of frost: nano-sulfur assembly via low pressure vapour deposition
Authors: Wang Yu , Chen Lu , Scudiero Louis , Zhong Wei-Hong
Published: September 2015

A low pressure vapour deposition (LPVD) method is proposed as a solvent-free strategy for fabrication of various sulfur-based nanomaterials.
New models for predicting thermophysical properties of ionic liquid mixtures
Authors: Huang Ying , Zhang Xiangping , Zhao Yongsheng , Zeng Shaojuan , Dong Haifeng , Zhang Suojiang
Published: September 2015

A series of semi-empirical models and artificial neural network models were developed to predict thermophysical properties of ionic liquid mixtures.
Exploring the charged nature of supramolecular micelles based on p-sulfonatocalix[6]arene and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
Authors: Basílio Nuno , Spudeit Daniel Alfonso , Bastos Juliana , Scorsin Leandro , Fiedler Haidi D. , Nome Faruk , García-Río Luis
Published: September 2015

Kinetic probes were used together with capillary electrophoresis experiments to get insights into the interfacial and solubilizing properties of supramolecular micelles made of an anionic calix[6]arene and a cationic surfactant.
Grafting trimethylaluminum and its halogen derivatives on silica: general trends for 27Al SS-NMR response from first principles calculations
Authors: Kerber Rachel Nathaniel , Kerber Torsten , Rozanska Xavier , Delbecq Françoise , Sautet Philippe
Published: September 2015

27Al solid-state NMR spectrum and parameters for various types of Al monomeric and dimeric alkyl and halogen compounds grafted on silica are interpreted based on the trends obtained from first-principles calculations.
Near-infrared down-conversion and energy transfer mechanism in Yb3+-doped Ba2LaV3O11phosphors
Authors: Zhao Jin , Guo Chongfeng , Li Ting , Song Dan , Su Xiangying
Published: September 2015

The electronic structures of host, PL and PLE spectra indicate that Ba2LaV3O11:Yb3+might act as a promising NIR DC solar spectral converter to enhance the efficiency of c-Si solar cells.
Hydrogen binding energies and electronic structure of Ni–Pd particles: a clue to their special catalytic properties
Authors: Leppert Linn , Kempe Rhett , Kümmel Stephan
Published: September 2015

We investigate the electronic structure of nickel–palladium systems with first-principles density functional theory (DFT).
Dynamic interface tension of a smectic liquid crystal in anionic surfactant solutions
Authors: Harth Kirsten , Shepherd Larissa M. , Honaker James , Stannarius Ralf
Published: September 2015

The interface tension of a smectic liquid crystal to ionic surfactant solutions is investigated at concentrations above and below the critical micelle concentration using the buoyancy of a trapped air bubble.
The electronic and optical properties of MoS2(1−x)Se2xand MoS2(1−x)Te2xmonolayers
Authors: Rajbanshi Biplab , Sarkar Sunandan , Sarkar Pranab
Published: September 2015

By using the DFT methods we have explored the composition dependent electronic and optical properties of MoS2(1−x)X2x(X = Se/Te) 2D nanosheets.
Synthesis and structural characterisation of bismuth(iii) hydroxamates and their activity against Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Pathak Amita , Blair Victoria L. , Ferrero Richard L. , Junk Peter C. , Tabor Richard F. , Andrews Philip C.
Published: September 2015

Bismuth(iii) hydroxamate complexes of varying composition all show powerful bactericidal activity towardHelicobacter pylori.
Hypercoordinate β-carbon in Grubbs and Schrock olefin metathesis metallacycles
Authors: Remya Premaja R. , Suresh Cherumuttathu H.
Published: September 2015

From the analysis of structural, bond order, electron density and 13C NMR data of a large variety of ruthenacyclobutanes and tungstenacyclobutanes, we show that the Cβ of the metallacycle is pentacoordinate.
Spontaneous chiral resolution of a rare 3D self-penetration coordination polymer for sensitive aqueous-phase detection of picric acid
Authors: Song Bai-Qiao , Qin Chao , Zhang Yu-Teng , Wu Xue-Song , Yang Liu , Shao Kui-Zhan , Su Zhong-Min
Published: September 2015

A chiral, fluorescent and self-penetration coordination polymer was synthesized through spontaneous resolution, which showed sensitive detection of picric acid in the aqueous phase.
Co-expressional conservation in virulence and stress related genes of three Gammaproteobacterial species: Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Hosseinkhan Nazanin , Zarrineh Peyman , Rokni-Zadeh Hassan , Ashouri Mohammad Reza , Masoudi-Nejad Ali
Published: September 2015

Gene co-expression analysis is one of the main aspects of systems biology that uses high-throughput gene expression data.
Colloidal BiF3 nanocrystals: a bottom-up approach to conversion-type Li-ion cathodes
Authors: Oszajca Marek F. , Kravchyk Kostiantyn V. , Walter Marc , Krieg Franziska , Bodnarchuk Maryna I. , Kovalenko Maksym V.
Published: September 2015

A facile colloidal synthesis of BiF3 nanocrystals (NCs) via thermal decomposition of bismuth(iii) trifluoroacetate in oleylamine is reported.
Supramolecular chiral self-assembly and supercoiling behavior of carrageenans at varying salt conditions
Authors: Schefer Larissa , Adamcik Jozef , Diener Michael , Mezzenga Raffaele
Published: September 2015

The supramolecula chiral amplification and supercoiling behavior of kappa and iota carrageenan polymers are resolved by single molecule AFM imaging.
Probing the binding mechanism of novel dual NF-κB/AP-1 inhibitors by 3D-QSAR, docking and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Ma Shaojie , Tan Shepei , Fang Danqing , Zhang Rong , Zhou Shengfu , Wu Wenjuan , Zheng Kangcheng
Published: September 2015

Potent dual NF-κB/AP-1 inhibitors could effectively treat immunoinflammatory diseases. An integrated computational study was carried out to identify the most favourable binding sites, the structural features and the interaction mechanisms.
Fabrication of monodisperse poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) particles using capillary force lithography (CFL)
Authors: Hyun Dong Choon
Published: September 2015

Monodisperse PCL particles are fabricated using a simple method based on capillary force lithography (CFL) technique. PCL disks fabricated using CFL are transformed into a spherical shape by thermal annealing process.
Synthesis, morphology and spectroscopic properties of red-luminescent rhombohedral YOF: Yb3+, Er3+ powders
Authors: Sun Lizhen , Pan Jianfu , Zhang Xiaobin , Wang Heng , Li Lingyun , Yu Yan
Published: September 2015

Rhombohedral YOF: Yb3+, Er3+ prepared by calcinating exhibit duality of morphology; efficient red light emission could be obtained when the powders are excited by 980 nm laser beam.
Simultaneous removal of nickel and phosphorus from spent electroless nickel plating wastewater via calcined Mg–Al–CO3 hydroxides
Authors: Sun Mingming , Su Jixin , Liu Siming , Wang Dongming , Yan Wenbao , Zhang Lin , Xiao Yuxin , Gao Xue
Published: September 2015

This picture shows the different adsorption mechanisms of CLDHs for electroless nickel plating wastewater with low and high ionic concentrations.
In situ upgrading of whole biomass to biofuel precursors with low average molecular weight and acidity by the use of zeolite mixture
Authors: Ben Haoxi , Huang Fang , Li Liwei , Ragauskas Arthur J.
Published: September 2015

By using a designed mixture of zeolites (Y and mordenite), the upgraded pyrolysis oil exhibited the advantages caused from both zeolites, which represents a biofuel precursor has a very low molecular weight (70–170 g mol−1) and a low acidity.
Sodium alginate-based magnetic carbonaceous biosorbents for highly efficient Cr(vi) removal from water
Authors: Lei Zhimin , Zhai Shangru , Lv Jialiang , Fan Yuan , An Qingda , Xiao Zuoyi
Published: September 2015

A novel magnetic alginate-based biosorbent, aiming for efficient removal of Cr(vi) from aqueous system, was successfully synthesized.
Advanced treatment of acrylic fiber manufacturing wastewater with a combined microbubble-ozonation/ultraviolet irradiation process
Authors: Zheng Tianlong , Zhang Tao , Wang Qunhui , Tian Yanli , Shi Zhining , Smale Nicholas , Xu Banghua
Published: September 2015

This work investigated the effectiveness of a combination of microbubble-ozonation and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation for the treatment of secondary wastewater effluent of a wet-spun acrylic fiber manufacturing plant.
The effect of the octan-3-yloxy and the octan-2-yloxy chiral moieties on the mesomorphic properties of ferroelectric liquid crystals
Authors: Węgłowska Dorota , Perkowski Paweł , Piecek Wiktor , Mrukiewicz Mateusz , Dąbrowski Roman
Published: September 2015

New mesogenic compounds exhibiting unique, so called orthoconic, behavior at the synclinic smectic SmC* phase have been obtained.
Localized surface plasmon resonance of Cu nanoparticles by laser ablation in liquid media
Authors: Liu Peisheng , Wang Hao , Li Xiaoming , Rui Muchen , Zeng Haibo
Published: September 2015

Expanding localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties of colloidal copper nanoparticles by laser ablation in liquid (LAL) operated in ambient conditions were reported. The results may aid the application of copper LSPR in optical catalysis and detection devices.
Morphology and size control of calcium carbonate crystallized in a reverse micelle system with switchable surfactants
Authors: Jiang Jianzhong , Ma Yuxuan , Zhang Ting , Liang Zhengyong , Cui Zhenggang
Published: September 2015

Sub-micron CaCO3 particles with different morphologies were prepared in reverse micelles based on a CO2/N2 switchable surfactant (N′-dodecyl-N,N-dimethyl acetamidine bicarbonate).
The enhancement of liquid–liquid extraction with high phase ratio by microfluidic-based hollow droplet
Authors: Wang Wen-Ting , Sang Fu-Ning , Xu Jian-Hong , Wang Yun-Dong , Luo Guang-Sheng
Published: September 2015

We developed a novel method to enhance the liquid–liquid extraction by a microfluidic-based hollow droplet structure. A one-step microfluidic device is used for the generation of gas-in-oil-in-water double emulsions.
Mechanistic insights into cobalt(ii/iii)-catalyzed C–H oxidation: a combined theoretical and experimental study
Authors: Guo Xiao-Kang , Zhang Lin-Bao , Wei Donghui , Niu Jun-Long
Published: September 2015

The detailed mechanism of the cobalt(ii/iii)-catalyzed C–H oxidation has been investigated by using both theoretical and experimental methods.
Tracking adipogenic differentiation of skeletal stem cells by label-free chemically selective imaging
Authors: Smus Justyna P. , Moura Catarina Costa , McMorrow Emma , Tare Rahul S. , Oreffo Richard O. C. , Mahajan Sumeet
Published: September 2015

CARS imaging proves to be a powerful, sensitive and label-free tool for studying adipogenesis in skeletal stem cells.
A novel chiral phase of achiral hard triangles and an entropy-driven demixing of enantiomers
Authors: Gantapara Anjan P. , Qi Weikai , Dijkstra Marjolein
Published: September 2015

We investigate the phase behavior of a system of hard equilateral and right-angled triangles in two dimensions using Monte Carlo simulations.
Mechanically strong triple network hydrogels based on hyaluronan and poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide)
Authors: Tavsanli Burak , Can Volkan , Okay Oguz
Published: September 2015

Triple network hydrogels based on hyaluronan and poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) containing 81–91% water sustain compressive stresses above 20 MPa and exhibit Young's moduli of up to 1 MPa.
Nitrogen-rich conjugated microporous polymers: impact of building blocks on porosity and gas adsorption
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Zhao Yang , Wei Lingling , Zhang Chong , Jiang Jia-Xing
Published: September 2015

A series of nitrogen-rich conjugated microporous polymers has been designed and synthesized. The polymers produced from the rigid building block show an increased specific surface area up to 1146 m2 g−1 with a remarkable CO2 uptake of 3.72 mmol g−1 at 1.13 bar and 273 K.
Efficient charge separation between Bi2MoO6 nanosheets and ZnO nanowires for enhanced photoelectrochemical properties
Authors: Jin Bingjun , Jiao Zhengbo , Bi Yingpu
Published: September 2015

We demonstrate a facile and effective strategy for in situ growth of Bi2MoO6 thin-nanosheets on well-aligned ZnO nanowires to construct novel hierarchical hetero-arrays, which exhibit excellent visible-light driven photoelectrochemical performances attributed to the efficient charge separation between Bi2MoO6 and ZnO.
Synergistic synthesis of quasi-monocrystal CdS nanoboxes with high-energy facets
Authors: Han Li-Li , Kulinich Sergei A. , Zhang Yang-Yang , Zou Jin , Liu Hui , Wang Wei-Hua , Liu Hui , Li Hao-Bo , Yang Jing , Xin Huolin L. , Qiao Shi-Zhang , Du Xi-Wen
Published: September 2015

CdS single-crystal nanoboxes with a small size, metastable phase, a large specific surface area, and high-energy {100} facets, obtained by attacking PbS nanosized cubes through synergic reactions of cation exchange and chemical etching, exhibit exceptional photocatalytic activities.
Pseudocapacitive behaviours of Na2Ti3O7@CNT coaxial nanocables for high-performance sodium-ion capacitors
Authors: Dong Shengyang , Shen Laifa , Li Hongsen , Nie Ping , Zhu Yaoyao , Sheng Qi , Zhang Xiaogang
Published: September 2015

Pseudocapacitive behaviours of Na2Ti3O7@CNTs enhance the electrochemical performance of Na-ion capacitors with high energy density and high power density.
Dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyridin-5(4H)-one-based polymers with a bandgap up to 2.02 eV for high performance field-effect transistors and polymer solar cells with an open-circuit voltage up to 0.98 V and an efficiency up to 6.84%
Authors: Hao Minghui , Luo Guoping , Shi Keli , Xie Guohua , Wu Kailong , Wu Hongbin , Yu Gui , Cao Yong , Yang Chuluo
Published: September 2015

Wide bandgap polymers based on DTPO were designed for high performance OFETs and PSCs.
High-efficiency immunoassay platforms with controllable surface roughness and oriented antibody immobilization
Authors: Song Lingjie , Zhao Jie , Luan Shifang , Ma Jiao , Ming Weihua , Yin Jinghua
Published: September 2015

High-efficiency immunoassay platforms were facilely prepared by combining a layer-by-layer particle deposition with site-specific antibody immobilization through boronic acid moieties.
A supramolecular brush polymer via the self-assembly of bridged tris(β-cyclodextrin) with a porphyrin derivative and its magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Sun Mo , Zhang Heng-Yi , Zhao Qian , Hu Xin-Yue , Wang Li-Hua , Liu Bo-Wen , Liu Yu
Published: September 2015

A supramolecular brush polymer was constructed as a versatile imaging agent platform.
Simple planar perovskite solar cells with a dopant-free benzodithiophene conjugated polymer as hole transporting material
Authors: Chen Weiye , Bao Xichang , Zhu Qianqian , Zhu Dangqiang , Qiu Meng , Sun Mingliang , Yang Renqiang
Published: September 2015

Compact layer free perovskite solar cell devices with a PCE of up to 9.95% are demonstrated employing a new hole-transport material – PBDTTT-C.
Affine projection algorithm based adaptive control scheme for operation of variable‐speed wind generator
Authors: Hasanien Hany M. , Muyeen S.M.
Published: September 2015

This study presents a novel adaptive control scheme for variable‐speed wind turbine (VSWT) driven permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) to ensure its operation under different operating conditions. The adaptive control scheme is based on the affine projection algorithm (APA) which provides a faster convergence and less computational complexity than the least‐mean‐square algorithm. The proposed adaptive controller is used to control both the generator‐side converter and the grid‐side inverter without giving additional tuning efforts. Each vector control scheme for the converter/inverter has four APA‐based adaptive proportional‐integral (PI) controllers. Detailed modelling and the control strategies of the system under study are demonstrated. Real wind speed data extracted from Hokkaido island, Japan is used in this study. The dynamic characteristics of a grid‐connected VSWT‐PMSG are investigated in details to ensure the proposed controller operation under different operating conditions. The effectiveness of the proposed adaptive controller is compared with that obtained using optimised PI controllers by Taguchi method. The validity of the adaptive vector control scheme is verified by the simulation results which are performed using PSCAD/EMTDC environment.
Optimal DG allocation and sizing in presence of storage systems considering network configuration effects in distribution systems
Authors: Abbasi Fazel , Hosseini Seyed Mehdi
Published: September 2015

Optimal performance of power distribution networks greatly depends on network configuration, location and size of distributed generations (DGs) units and storage systems. That is, for different configurations, different optimal locations and sizes of DGs can be found and vice versa. Therefore, the impact of both location and size of DG and network configuration should be considered in the planning process, simultaneously. Also, the presence of storage systems in the distribution system leads to some loads to be supplied even in fault conditions. In this study, distribution system reconfiguration (DSR), for considering network configuration effect that runs in offline mode with constant loads, and optimal DG allocation and sizing problems are studied simultaneously to find an optimal condition for distribution network based on operational thresholds and reliability improvements. Non‐dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm is used to solve these problems simultaneously. Power losses, energy not supplied (ENS) and the costs associated with DG are the objectives that are studied. The method of calculating ENS in DSR problem in the presence of DGs with storage systems is explained and the impact of protective equipment is considered, as well. The proposed approach is applied on different test systems, and its effectiveness is shown in various conditions.
Probability‐based approach for parametrisation of traditional underfrequency load‐shedding schemes
Authors: Bogovic Jerneja , Rudez Urban , Mihalic Rafael
Published: September 2015

Underfrequency load shedding (UFLS) is one of the measures performed when an emergency situation occurs in the power system in order to prevent system collapse. Owing to its importance, a lot of effort is dedicated to research and development of the optimal UFLS. Therefore, several different approaches are available to improve the so‐called traditional UFLS schemes into more sophisticated adaptive schemes. On the other hand, the literature lacks a systematic analysis of traditional UFLS schemes, which still present the majority within all UFLS schemes actually used in real power systems. For that reason, the probabilistic power flow is used to quantify the level of performance of many different configurations of traditional UFLS schemes (varied both in the number of shedding steps as well as their size) in the whole variety of operating conditions. With the use of probability power flow the probability density function of active‐power imbalance is calculated. The obtained results enable to extract those configurations that yield the best results in most probable events and at the same time avoid giving too much attention on poor performance during less probable system conditions. The results were obtained by performing dynamic simulations on the north‐western part of a Slovenian power system.
Modelling, control and frequency domain analysis of a tidal current conversion system with onshore converters
Authors: Sousounis Marios Charilaos , Shek Jonathan K.H. , Mueller Markus A.
Published: September 2015

To optimise a tidal energy conversion system, the operation, maintenance and power generation aspects have to be taken into account. As a result the key focus of this study is to propose and investigate an alternative method of implementing a tidal energy conversion system using a pitch‐regulated turbine and a variable‐speed squirrel cage induction generator with long distance converters. The generator power output can be optimised by utilising variable‐speed control strategies allowing the system to operate at maximum power coefficient while availability can be increased by reducing the components installed offshore by using long three‐phase cables between the generator and onshore voltage source converters. The tidal current energy conversion system is investigated by developing a full resource‐to‐grid model in MATLAB/SIMULINK and by performing system analysis regarding the effects of harmonics in the long subsea cables. Simulation results show that optimised filter design and the choice of suitable operating frequency for the generator controller can minimise the overvoltages associated with the harmonics and the reflecting voltage waves in the cables.
Indoor ranging and localisation algorithm based on received signal strength indicator using statistic parameters for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Pagano Saverio , Peirani Simone , Valle Maurizio
Published: September 2015

This paper addresses the implementation of indoor real‐time localisation system (RLTS) using wireless sensor networks. A RLTS consists of anchor nodes (i.e. nodes with fixed and known locations), beacon nodes and a location engine: the beacon node to be localised sends a packet which is captured from some anchor nodes, the anchor nodes forward the information extracted from the packet to the location engine for the estimation of the position of the transmitting beacon node. The authors present an algorithm that achieves beacon node localisation accuracy of a few metres in indoor environments. The algorithm is based on two steps: in the first step, the algorithm computes the ranging between anchor nodes and beacon node, in the second one, the algorithm estimates the beacon node localisation. The received signal strength indicator (RSSI) is used for the ranging estimation. The proposed approach avoids dedicated and expensive devices, which are used for the synchronisation between beacon and anchor nodes, to compute the time‐of‐flight of the signal. The authors introduce a confidence parameter for improving accuracy (based on the standard deviation of the RSSI), and an anchor nodes selection strategy for tackling the problem of non‐line‐of‐sight communication between nodes.
Enhancement of H2 evolution over new ZnIn2S4/RGO/MoS2 photocatalysts under visible light
Authors: Ding Ning , Fan Yuzun , Luo Yanhong , Li Dongmei , Meng Qingbo
Published: September 2015

ZnIn2S4 as a photocatalyst for photosplitting water into H2 exhibits some fascinating advantages, such as low toxicity, good crystallinity, and considerable chemical stability. Currently, developing ZnIn2S4-based composite photocatalysts with different morphologies has received wide attention in order to improve the photocatalytic activity. In this contribution, a new ZnIn2S4/RGO/MoS2 photocatalytic system has been designed. The presence of the RGO is confirmed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and FT-IR spectra. By optimization of solvothermal reaction temperatures, reaction time, and RGO introduction amount, up to 1.62 mmol/h ⋅ g of hydrogen evolution rate has been achieved.
Epitaxial growth of high quality WO3 thin films
Authors: Leng X. , Pereiro J. , Strle J. , Bollinger A. T. , Božović I.
Published: September 2015

We have grown epitaxial WO3 films on various single-crystal substrates using radio frequency magnetron sputtering. While pronounced surface roughness is observed in films grown on LaSrAlO4 substrates, films grown on Y AlO3 substrates show atomically flat surfaces, as demonstrated by atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. The crystalline structure has been confirmed to be monoclinic by symmetric and skew-symmetric XRD. The dependence of the growth modes and the surface morphology on the lattice mismatch are discussed.
Texture formation in iron particles using mechanical milling with graphite as a milling aid
Authors: Motozuka S. , Tagaya M. , Hayashi K. , Morinaga M.
Published: September 2015

Crystallographically anisotropic platelet iron particles were successfully prepared using a conventional ball mill with addition of graphite (Gp) particles. The morphological and structural changes resulting from the milling were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The spherical iron particles were plastically deformed into platelet shapes during the milling. Simultaneously, it is suggested that the size of the Gp particles decreased and adhered as nanoparticles on the surface of the iron particles. The adhered Gp particles affected the plastic deformation behavior of the iron particles: the {001} planes of α-iron were oriented parallel to the particle face, and no preferred in-plane orientation was observed. This study not only details the preparation of soft magnetic metal particles that crystallographically oriented to enhance their magnetic properties but also provides new insight into the activities of the well-established and extensively studied mechanical milling method.
Obesity management by general practitioners: the unavoidable necessity
Authors: Jansen Sarah , Desbrow Ben , Ball Lauren
Published: September 2015

Nearly 62% of primary care patients are overweight or obese, and obesity is now a National Health Priority Area. Weight management interventions in primary care currently generate little more than 1 kg of weight loss per patient over a 2-year period. Consequently, further strategies are required to improve the effectiveness of weight management in primary care. The National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) have released updated guidelines for the management of overweight and obese patients in primary care. However, there is some disconnect between establishment of guidelines and their implementation in practice. Barriers to GPs using guidelines for the management of obesity include low self-efficacy, perceived insufficient time in consultations and the challenge of raising the topic of a patient’s weight. Nonetheless, patients prefer to receive weight management support from GPs rather than other health professionals, suggesting that the demand on GPs to support patients in weight management will continue. GPs cannot afford to side-line obesity management, as obesity is likely to be the most prevalent modifiable risk factor associated with patients’ long-term health. Without further strategies to support GPs in their management of patients’ weight, obesity will continue to be an expensive and long-term public health issue.
Person-centred services? Rhetoric versus reality
Authors: Joyce Catherine
Published: September 2015

National and jurisdictional governments are increasingly using commissioning in health and community services. This includes the devolution of functions such as service planning, resource allocation, and regionalised approaches to intake and service delivery, to non-government organisations. The aims of this paper are to reflect on the experiences of commissioning as a not-for-profit health provider, and to identify some important early lessons. This analysis highlights the importance of a rights-based approach in which consumers, carers and communities actively participate in the design, implementation and evaluation of service systems, not just individual service needs; and that pays special attention to the most disadvantaged and the most vulnerable. The mechanisms and approaches used by cohealth to implement these principles are described. Service users need to be supported to develop advocacy capacity individually and collectively, in order to make informed choices about their own service needs and about the system more broadly, to ensure accessible and appropriate services.
Grandmothering life histories and human pair bonding
Authors: Coxworth James E. , Kim Peter S. , McQueen John S. , Hawkes Kristen
Published: September 2015

Significance

Pair bonds are universal in human societies and distinguish us from our closest living relatives. They characteristically involve men’s proprietary claims over women—mate guarding—which in animals generally is both predicted and observed to be more frequent when sex ratios in the fertile ages are male-biased. A marked male bias in the fertile ages evolved in our lineage as longevity increased without an extension of female fertility. We compare the sex-ratio shift in simulations of the grandmother hypothesis to demographic data from chimpanzees and human hunter–gatherers then connect the expanded proportions of older men to benefits for mate guarding, the evolution of pair bonds, and the long recognized importance of male alliances in human social life.
Efficiency of super-Eddington magnetically-arrested accretion
Authors: McKinney Jonathan C. , Dai Lixin , Avara Mark J.
Published: September 2015

The radiative efficiency of super-Eddington accreting black holes (BHs) is explored for magnetically-arrested discs, where magnetic flux builds-up to saturation near the BH. Our three-dimensional general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamic (GRRMHD) simulation of a spinning BH (spin a/M = 0.8) accreting at ∼50 times Eddington shows a total efficiency ∼50 per cent when time-averaged and total efficiency ≳ 100 per cent in moments. Magnetic compression by the magnetic flux near the rotating BH leads to a thin disc, whose radiation escapes via advection by a magnetized wind and via transport through a low-density channel created by a Blandford–Znajek (BZ) jet. The BZ efficiency is sub-optimal due to inertial loading of field lines by optically thick radiation, leading to BZ efficiency ∼40 per cent on the horizon and BZ efficiency ∼5 per cent by r ∼ 400rg (gravitational radii) via absorption by the wind. Importantly, radiation escapes at r ∼ 400rg with efficiency η ≈ 15 per cent (luminosity L ∼ 50LEdd), similar to η ≈ 12 per cent for a Novikov–Thorne thin disc and beyond η ≲ 1 per cent seen in prior GRRMHD simulations or slim disc theory. Our simulations show how BH spin, magnetic field, and jet mass-loading affect these radiative and jet efficiencies.
Mineral waters across the Channel: matter theory and natural history from Samuel Duclos's minerallogenesis to Martin Lister's chymical magnetism,
ca
. 1666–86
Authors: Roos Anna Marie , Boantza Victor D.
Published: September 2015

Our essay analyses a little-known book,
Observations sur les eaux minerales des plusieurs provinces de France
(1675), which is a study of French mineral waters, commissioned by and conducted at the French Royal Academy of Science (est. 1666). Its author, Samuel Cottereau Duclos (1598–1685), was a senior founding figure of the Academy, its chief chymist and one of its most influential members. We examine
Observations
with a focus on the changing attitudes towards chymical knowledge and practice in the French Academy and the Royal Society of London in the period 1666–84. Chymistry was a fundamental analytical tool for seventeenth-century natural historians, and, as the work of Lawrence Principe and William Newman has shown, it is central to understanding the ‘long’ Scientific Revolution. Much study has also been done on the developing norms of openness in the dissemination and presentation of scientific, and particularly chymical knowledge in the late seventeenth century, norms that were at odds with traditions of secrecy among individual chymists. Between these two standards a tension arose, evidenced by early modern ‘vociferous criticisms’ of chymical obscurity, with different strategies developed by individual philosophers for negotiating the emergent boundaries between secrecy and openness. Less well studied, however, are the strategies by which not just individuals but also scientific institutions negotiated these boundaries, particularly in the formative years of their public and political reputation in the late seventeenth century. Michael Hunter's recent and welcome study of the ‘decline of magic’ at the Royal Society has to some extent remedied these omissions. Hunter argues that the Society—as a corporate body—disregarded and avoided studies of magical and alchemical subjects in the late seventeenth century. Our examination problematizes these distinctions and presents a more complex picture.
Kutzneria chonburiensis sp. nov., isolated from soil
Authors: Chanama Manee , Thongkrachang Nongnat , Suriyachadkun Chanwit , Chanama Suchart
Published: September 2015

A novel actinomycete strain, SMC 256T, which developed small, globose sporangia at the ends of long sporangiophores on aerial mycelium, was isolated from soil collected in a mountain forest of Thailand. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain SMC 256T belonged to the genus Kutzneria, and the closest phylogenetically related species were Kutzneria buriramensis BCC 29373T (98.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Kutzneria kofuensis ATCC 27102T (98.2 %), Kutzneria albida ATCC 25243T (97.9 %) and Kutzneria viridogrisea ATCC 25242T (97.4 %). The DNA–DNA relatedness values that distinguished strain SMC 256T from previously described members of the genus Kutzneria were significantly below 70 %. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 71.8 mol%. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The whole-cell sugars consisted of rhamnose, ribose, mannose, glucose and galactose. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H4). Mycolic acids were not detected. The diagnostic phospholipids were hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides, unidentified phosphoglycolipids, unidentified phospholipids and an unidentified lipid. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1 and C17 : 0 10-methyl. Following the evidence of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic studies, it is proposed that strain SMC 256T represents a novel species in the genus Kutzneria, namely Kutzneria chonburiensis sp. nov. The type strain is SMC 256T ( = BCC 72675T = NBRC 110610T).
pcaReduce: Hierarchical Clustering of Single Cell Transcriptional Profiles
Authors: Žurauskienė Justina , Yau Christopher
Published: September 2015

Motivation:

Advances in single cell genomics provides a way of routinely generating transcriptomics data at the single cell level. A frequent requirement of single cell expression experiments is the identification of novel patterns of heterogeneity across single cells that might explain complex cellular states or tissue composition. To date, classical statistical analysis tools have being routinely applied to single cell data, but there is considerable scope for the development of novel statistical approaches that are better adapted to the challenges of inferring cellular hierarchies.

Results:

Here, we present a novel integration of principal components analysis and hierarchical clustering to create a framework for characterising cell state identity. Our methodology uses agglomerative clustering to generate a cell state hierarchy where each cluster branch is associated with a principal component of variation that can be used to differentiate two cellular states. We demonstrate that using real single cell datasets this approach allows for consistent clustering of single cell transcriptional profiles across multiple scales of interpretation.

Availability:

R implementation ofpcaReducealgorithm is available fromhttps://github.com/JustinaZ/pcaReduce
Corporate tax in emerging countries: some aspects of India
Authors: George Reji , Reddy Y V
Published: September 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to find out the corporate tax gaps in India and the possible reasons behind it.

Design/methodology/approach

– The objectives were achieved by looking at the existing tax system in the country, problems in the area of corporate taxation and the reasons for these problems. The authors also look at how we can address a few of these problems in comparison with other emerging countries.

Findings

– Emerging countries play an important role in the world economy. India is undeniably rising as an important and vital country, not only among emerging countries but also in the global economy. Tax environment in India is often seen as a complex system with the multiplicity of indirect taxes, overburdening litigations and lack of certainty. Tax policies can be an effective mechanism to promote investments, both international and domestic, which India needs in abundance. The existing high fiscal deficit in the country necessitates the need to make revenue increase a primary concern of tax policy in India. Although indirect taxes have become an important source of development funds in developing countries due to their wide coverage, we feel that corporate tax can become a potential source of revenue in the future.

Practical implications

– This paper should help in changing the way policy decisions relating to tax should be looked at.

Originality/value

– Studies in the Indian context are limited. This paper should be of some use to those intending to understand the tax system, especially with reference to corporate taxes in India.