bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical screening, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancerous activities of ethanol and hexane extracts of Urochloa ramosa
Authors: Singh Abhijith M , N D Rekha , Udayashankar Arakere C , Sumana K
Published: April 2022

Urochloa ramosa is known for its environmental benefits such as stabilization and reclamation of polluted soils, in agriculture to control root-knot nematodes infecting crops, in medicine to treat cardiovascular diseases, duodenal ulcer, hyperglycemia, nephritis and snake bites. Qualitative analyses of phytochemicals in ethanol and hexane extracts were performed by standard methods. In vitro anti-microbial assay was performed against gram positive bacteria viz., Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, Gram negative bacteria viz., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli and fungus Candida albicans by disc diffusion method. Hexane extract of Urochloa ramosa was found to be 70% effective against Candida albicans indicating potent antifungal property. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity was performed by albumin denaturation assay, proteinase inhibition activity assay and membrane stabilization assay using various concentrations of extracts with Aspirin and Diclofenac sodium as standard. Heat induced protein denaturation was considerably prevented by ethanol and hexane extract at concentrations between 200-500 µg/ml resulting in 60 and 62% inhibition respectively. Heat induced haemolysis of erythrocyte was remarkably inhibited (59 and 68 % respectively) at concentration of 500 µg/ml. 62 and 65 % Hypotonicity induced haemolysis was also inhibited between concentration of 300-500 µg/ml in both extracts respectively. Inhibition of formation of new blood vessels by Chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay proved anti-angiogenic effects of extracts. Purification, characterization and structural elucidation of bioactive molecules present in ethanol and hexane extracts are needed to be explored further for assessment of better biological activites than crude extract.
In griechischem oder orientalischem Geist? Moses Mendelssohn im Religionsdiskurs der Aufklärungszeit
Authors: Wittler Kathrin
Published: April 2022

While Moses Mendelssohn’s reputation as a modern Socrates is well-known to scholars of eighteenth-century intellectual history, the opposite tendency to orientalise him has received less attention than it deserves. The paper discusses some examples, highlighting the interdependence of Greek and Oriental attributions. In their critical reactions to Mendelssohn’s Phädon (1767), a modern version of Socrates’ dialogues on the immortality of the soul, radical Pietist Johann Daniel Müller and Lutheran orthodox theologian Gottfried Joachim Wichmann sought to invalidate the Jewish Enlightener’s case for reason by orientalising him. At the end of the century, the religious tensions inherent in the uses of Greek and Oriental models for different Jewish and Christian denominational positions became visible in Johann Gottfried Schadow’s drawing Sokrates im Kerker (1800), a work commissioned by David Friedländer, whose Sendschreiben von einigen Hausvätern jüdischer Religion (1799) had just caused a stir with its bold statements in the spirit of Deism.
Die jüdische Namenswelt der Vormoderne im Spiegel christlicher Zeitgenossen (von Antonius Margaritha bis Oluf Gerhard Tychsen)
Authors: Czakai Johannes
Published: April 2022

The article investigates how early modern Christian authors perceived the names of Jews and their naming customs. Based on a variety of printed sources, like ethnographic reports, language manuals, criminal investigations, and academic texts, the article does not only depict early modern Jewish names and rituals but sheds light on the Christian authors, their sources, and their changing perceptions. While theologists and converts in the 16th and 17th century focused primarily on naming customs, authors after 1700 became increasingly interested in contemporary names – their creation, their meanings, and their variations. Closely connected to the negative perception of the Yiddish language, Jewish names were seen as a source of potential fraud and the acquisition of knowledge on the matter as a necessary means of control.
Surjective isometries on Banach sequence spaces: A survey
Authors: Antunes Leandro , Beanland Kevin
Published: April 2022

In this survey, we present several results related to characterizing the surjective isometries on Banach sequence spaces. Our survey includes full proofs of these characterizations for the classical spaces as well as more recent results for combinatorial Banach spaces and Tsirelson-type spaces. Along the way, we pose many open problems related to the structure of the group of surjective isometries for various Banach spaces.
The internet’s role in promoting civic engagement in China and Singapore: A Confucian view
Authors: Yu Andrew
Published: April 2022

This paper discusses the Internet’s role in promoting civic engagement in Asian countries. China and Singapore were selected because they have similar ethnic groups and cultural backgrounds. This paper concludes that the Internet has a limited role in promoting civic engagement due to Internet censorship and people’s political attitudes, which are deeply rooted for Confucian cultural reasons. Moreover the Internet censorship does not bother people in China and Singapore. The argument presented in this paper differs from previous studies that focused only on the Internet censorship system and ignored the cultural and socio-historical dimensions. The paper argues that the cultural and socio-historical dimensions should be considered when studying censorship.
Do pre-existing medical conditions affect COVID-19 incidence and fatality in Nigeria? A Geographical Perspective
Authors: Osayomi Tolulope , Adeleke Richard , Yaya Sanni , Ayanda Joy Temitope , Akpoterai Lawrence Enejeta , Fatayo Opeyemi Caleb
Published: April 2022

Clinical evidence shows the incidence of novel coronavirus is associated with pre-existing medical conditions. Thus, people with pre-existing medical conditions are more likely to be infected with COVID-19. In light of this, this paper examined the extent to which pre-existing medical conditions are related to COVID-19 incidence and mortality in Nigeria from a geographical perspective. We used the geographically weighted regression (GWR) to determine the effect and extent to which pre-existing medical conditions affect COVID-19 incidence in Nigeria. Our findings show that besides the remarkable spatial variation in COVID-19 incidence and mortality, obesity was a significant predictor of COVID-19 with its effect strongest in southwest Nigeria and other parts of the country. The conclusion of the paper is that areas with high prevalence of pre-existing medical conditions coincide with areas with high COVID-19 incidence and fatality. We recommended that there should be a spatially explicit intervention on the reduction of exposure to COVID-19 among states with high prevalence of pre-existing medical conditions through vaccination.
High-temperature behavior and structural studies on Ca14Al10Zn6O35
Authors: Kahlenberg Volker , Krüger Hannes
Published: April 2022

Single-crystals of Ca14Al10Zn6O35 suitable for structural investigations were grown from slow cooling of a melt with the same chemical composition in the range between 1300 and 1000 °C. Diffraction experiments performed at ambient temperature yielded the following crystallographic data: space group F23, a = 14.8468 (6) Å, V = 3272.6 (2) Å3, Z = 4. Structure determination and subsequent least‐squares refinements resulted in a residual of R(|F|) = 1.49% for 753 independent observed reflections and 55 parameters. The chiral structure is based on a tetrahedral framework of corner sharing (Zn,Al)O4-tetrahedra. Zn–Al-distributions among the four crystallographically independent T-sites have been studied. A detailed topological analysis based on natural tiles is presented. Actually, the net can be constructed from a total of four different cages (tiles). The largest cavities (face symbol: [316. 616]) have volumes of about 680 Å3 and host [AlO6][Ca14O36] heteropolyhedral clusters consisting of a central [AlO6] – octahedron surrounded by [CaO6]- and [CaO7]-groups. The calcium cations provide linkage to the tetrahedral framework, in other words, the [AlO6]-unit in the barycenter of the cluster is not directly connected to the framework. Furthermore, thermal expansion has been studied in the interval between 25 and 790 °C using in-situ high‐temperature single‐crystal diffraction. No indications for a structural phase transition were observed. From the evolution of the lattice parameters the thermal expansion tensor has been obtained. The response of the structure to variable temperature has been discussed.
NCAA Student-Athlete Training During COVID-19 Stay-At-Home Restrictions
Authors: Koziris Lymperis (Perry)
Published: April 2022

The effects of COVID-19 restrictions were ubiquitous, including decreased physical activity globally. A recent study showed significant consequences on American student-athletes, who were forced to stay at home between March and June 2020. Inadequacy of equipment and programming hampered the resulting improvised training. Resistance exercise was the second most common mode used after cardiovascular exercise, and the primary equipment utilized was dumbbells and resistance bands. More women than men did not resistance train. More women believed they were eating less and healthier. Sleep length and disturbances increased; the latter more in women. Mental health concerns and decreased motivation to train became more frequent, especially within Division III more than Division I. The most-reported overall concerns were maintenance of fitness, sport-specific training, and health, possibly implicating the equipment/programming barriers as contributors to negative psychological effects. Providers of S&C, mental health, and other support services should plan for athletes' home situations toward any future extended lockdown.
A Graphene Oxide–Based Hydrogel with Excellent Adhesive, Tough, and Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Chai Maozhou , An Meiwen , Zhang Xiangyu
Published: April 2022

Hydrogels have attracted extensive attention in the field of wound dressing because of the high water content and a structural similarity to human soft tissue. However, the hydrogels are usually vulnerable and easy to be destroyed during movement. Moreover, the hydrogels without antibacterial function cannot prevent bacterial infection during chronic wound healing. In this work, graphene oxide (GO) containing polyacrylamide hydrogel with both adhesiveness and superior mechanical properties was prepared. Since GO possesses good photothermal conversion capability and photodynamic property, the hybrid hydrogel exhibits excellent antibacterial property under the irradiation of near-infrared light.
Screening of antibacterial activities of Bacillus spp. isolated from the Parangkusumo coastal sand dunes, Indonesia
Authors: Geraldi Almando , Famunghui Margareth , Abigail Mercyana , Siona Saragih Chesa Febrizky , Febitania Devina , Elmarthenez Henrietta , Putri Cinantya Aulia , Putri Merdekawati Ummi Amaliatush Sholichah , Sadila Aliffa Yusti , Wijaya Nabilla Hapsari
Published: April 2022

Background: The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria because of poor understanding of the issue and the misuse of antibiotics has become global health concern. Therefore, the discovery of novel antibacterial drugs is urgently needed. New antibacterial compounds may be found in the Bacillus species, which are abundant in sand dune ecosystems. Herein, we examined samples from the Parangkusumo coastal sand dunes in Indonesia.

Methods: Samples were collected from three areas in the sand dunes (the area closest to the sea, the core area of sand dunes, and the area farthest from the sea). The samples were inoculated on Luria Bertani agar. Morphological and molecular identification was performed on the basis of 16S rRNA. The samples’ antimicrobial activity was evaluated with the disc diffusion method and compared with that of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria.

Results: Five species of Bacillus were successfully isolated from the Parangkusumo coastal sand dunes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the isolation of Bacillus aryabhattai in Indonesia. All samples showed antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. B. velezensis and B. subtilis showed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, whereas B. aryabhattai and B. megaterium showed antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, and B. spizizenii showed antibacterial activity toward Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Conclusion: Five Bacillus species were successfully isolated from the Parangkusumo coastal sand dunes, Indonesia, and all samples showed antimicrobial activity toward opportunistic pathogenic bacteria. The crude antimicrobial compounds from B. megaterium, B. aryabhattai, B. subtilis, and B. spizizenii showed the highest growth-inhibition activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, B. cereus, and S. aureus, respectively.
Why are breastfeeding rates declining in Iran? A qualitative study on three centers in Tehran
Authors: SHARIAT Mamak , ABEDINIA Nasrin , Hamad Abdulqader
Published: April 2022

Background and objective: This qualitative study was conducted to identify obstacles to breastfeeding and provide strategies for promoting its practice in Tehran based on the experiences and perceptions of breastfeeding mothers. Methods: Data were first collected through focus group discussions with 51 breastfeeding mothers admitted to Vali Asr Hospital in the Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex and two health centers in Tehran. We held follow-up in-depth interviews with 26 mothers over a year postpartum or until breastfeeding was discontinued. Results: The most important barriers to breastfeeding were (1) Physical condition of the mother, including lack of vigor, physical weakness, weight loss, inappropriate nutrition, nipple-related problems, inadequate breast milk, changes in body shape, and maternal and neonatal diseases. (2) Health care system, including (a) Hospital-related problems included (i) Providing educational services related to breastfeeding, (ii) Problems related to the behaviors of hospital staff, and breastfeeding problems related to cesarean delivery. (3) Emotional and psychosocial aspects of breastfeeding, including emotional support from husband and family, dislike of breastfeeding in public places, stress and mental pressure, and maternal employment. Conclusion: Politicians in the field of health can exert a considerable effect on breastfeeding practice and its continuation by providing early intervention designed to increase awareness of breastfeeding among young girls, training health staff in offering breastfeeding support, and ensuring contact between mother and infant. Also, provide support services, such as extended maternity leaves, daycare facilities in the workplace, and breastfeeding counseling centers. Further research is needed to assess the effectiveness of the interventions currently proposed in the Iranian context.
Breastfeeding practices among working mothers at the workplace in Erbil city: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ali Shelan , Saleh Abubakir
Published: April 2022

Background and objective: Breastfeeding is a fundamental human activity, essential to child and maternal health, and of massive economic value to societies and households. This study aimed to determine breastfeeding practices among working mothers in Erbil city. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 12 primary health care centers in Erbil city from 19 January 2020 to 10 December 2020. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit the sample of the study (600 mothers). A questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: A total of 600 working mothers with children 1-2 years of age who attended the selected primary health centers were included in this study. Most participants (58.8%) were in the age group 30-39 years old. The majority of mothers (69.7%)were working in the public sector, while 32% were working in hospitals. Only 66 participants were breastfeeding their child in the workplace, so the prevalence of breastfeeding among working mothers at the workplace was 11%. Only 100 participants (16.7%) reported having a nursery in their workplace. Regarding the impact of the workplace on breastfeeding, 42% of women were breastfeeding in places with a nursery. Breastfeeding is more common among mothers working in public places (13.9%) than mothers working in private sectors (4.4%) (P <0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of breastfeeding among working mothers with children 1-2 years of age is low. The availability of supporting facilities significantly impacts breastfeeding practices among working mothers.
Problemática en la delimitación de fragmentación urbana por compartir procesos con otros impactos urbanos
Authors: Pérez Peñuelas Belén Obdulia
Published: April 2022

El objetivo es mostrar la complejidad de la delimitación del concepto de fragmentación urbana y establecer las diferencias con: ciudad dual, segregación y división social del espacio, conceptos con los cuales comparte procesos, por lo tanto, hay ciertos aspectos, que incitan a interpretarlos como sinónimos, lo cual genera una problemática de identificación y delimitación entre ellos. La metodología consistió en la consulta de fuentes bibliográficas principalmente sobre fragmentación urbana y los conceptos de ciudad dual, segregación urbana y división social del espacio en el contexto de América Latina, por ser la región donde los procesos de cambios económicos y urbanos postmodernos se gestaron, lo que de cierta forma favoreció el desarrollo simultaneo de diversos procesos. La originalidad del presente documento consiste en que reúne los diversos aspectos que intervienen en la delimitación de la fragmentación urbana y los conceptos que conllevan a procesos en la primera línea de análisis y, por lo tanto, con los que más se asemeja, sin embargo, en ocasiones llegan a confundirse. Como resultado se obtuvo que, en el concepto de fragmentación urbana, a pesar de ser altamente estudiado, aún existen huecos teórico-conceptuales, por no contar con una delimitación clara y precisa, lo cual conduce a una problemática de identificación y delimitación con otros fenómenos urbanos, ocasionando que se describa un concepto de forma similar a otro o que no se emplee el total de elementos clave que describen a cada uno.
Obsolescencia y vitalidad urbana en ciudades turísticas de litoral. Caso Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, México
Authors: Chavoya Gama Jorge Ignacio , Rendon Contreras Héctor Javier , Morales Hernandez Julio Cesar , Rodriguez Avalos Macedonio Leon
Published: April 2022

Las ciudades en el mundo experimentan procesos simultáneos de obsolescencia y vitalidad por su dinamismo e importancia, toda vez que este siglo XXI se caracteriza por su preminencia urbana, en Latinoamérica sobre todo en las ciudades turísticas de litoral se experimentan estos procesos que resignifican la noción de ciudad. En este trabajo se discute el proceso que se ha articulado en torno a la conformación de dos áreas urbanas de la ciudad de Puerto Vallarta que se han visto sometidas, la primera está relacionada con los procesos de presión inmobiliaria con afanes de revitalización urbana para un creciente mercado de vivienda turística, y la segunda, que ha tenido grandes inversiones de capital público y que no ha podido desarrollar los objetivos para los que fueron planteados en términos de inversión, paralelamente se mencionan algunos proyectos cuya finalidad es la reingeniería del destino para seguir vigente en el mercado mundial del turismo. Se suponen dos premisas a discutir en torno de la ciudad turística, la vitalidad urbana como proceso multifactorial que mantiene atractiva y vigorosa una zona de la ciudad y la obsolescencia urbana como resultado de procesos paralelos y simultáneos en la otra zona de estudio.
“Amanecer la palabra”, políticas lingüísticas para la vida
Authors: Florez-Salgado David Enrique
Published: April 2022

La situación que han enfrentado las comunidades indígenas durante la pandemia, de la que se desconoce aún el registro total de víctimas, además de acelerar el proceso de etnocidio en marcha, hace evidente que los esfuerzos por salvaguardar los saberes ancestrales siguen siendo limitados. También se constata que los reconocimientos, avances jurídicos y acuerdos firmados, que se ilustran, continúan sin cumplirse y alejados de la realidad; defraudando la confianza y acrecentando las tensiones. No obstante, entre los pueblos originarios, dioses, espíritus, sueños, fenómenos meteorológicos, accidentes geográficos, plantas, animales, objetos y demás elementos presentes en el entorno, continúan siendo parte de sistemas de entidades que sobrepasan lo humano. A partir de la experiencia de dos proyectos de revitalización lingüística llevados a cabo en la ciudad de Leticia por el IMANI y el Cabildo de Pueblos Indígenas Unidos de Leticia (CAPIUL) reflexionamos sobre ¿Cómo abrir el debate lingüístico hacia estos elementos “no humanos”? ¿Podemos encontrar sentidos diferentes a lo que desde la academia se ha denominado “revitalización lingüística”? ¿De qué valen los esfuerzos por conservar las lenguas cuando se descuidan las condiciones en las que perviven sus hablantes? ¿Qué reflexiones emergen en medio de una pandemia que acelera su extinción?
BR-319: Um espaço de colonialidade nas novas fronteiras amazônicas
Authors: Da Silveira Rodrigues Marcelo
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo, visa por meio da utilização de conceitos e categorias sociológicas, compreendercomo a região amazônica é um locus de ação da lógica capitalista/modernizante há décadas e comoisso se faz presente ainda hoje a partir do uso de novas estratégias e linguagens, na tentativa deescamotear as reais intenções e resultados advindos destas ações. Nesse sentido, a observação daatual condição do projeto/processo de repavimentação da estrada que liga Manaus a Porto Velho, aBR-319, se mostra um espaço privilegiado no sentido da compreensão e dos resultados dessas ações.Para tanto, a abordagem metodológica é teórica e qualitativa. Assim, primeiro o artigo se debruçasobre dois conceitos sociológicos centrais para tal empreitada. Por meio dos escritos de José deSouza Martins busca-se, demonstrar como a BR-319 pode ser entendida como um clássico espaçode fronteira. Já Anibal Quijano nos ajuda a compreender os processos de colonialidade expressosnesses projetos modernizantes. Passada a compreensão conceitual, o artigo se utiliza de dadossecundários sobre a estrada, desde artigos jornalísticos, científicos, documentos dentre outros para,numa articulação entre a condição histórica e contemporânea de duas comunidades do eixo daestrada - Vila de Realidade e a Comunidade de São Sebastião do Igapó Açu. Esse esforço serve parademonstrar como certas condições históricas e sociais, mesmo que atualizadas para as demandasdiscursivas atuais, se mantêm e se reproduzem na realidade amazônica brasileira contemporânea.
Una nueva especie de Pleurothallis (Pleurothallidinae) subsección Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae para la región Andina colombiana
Authors: Sierra-Ariza Mario Alexei , Rincón-González Milton , Wilson Mark , Villanueva Tamayo Boris
Published: April 2022

Se describe e ilustra una nueva especie del género Pleurothallis para la región Andina colombiana llamada P. villahermosae, perteneciente a la subsección Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae. La nueva especie es morfológicamente similar a Pleurothalis callosa, de la cual se diferencia por tener el sépalo dorsal y el sinsépalo ovado-elíptico; pétalos falcado-lanceolados, acuminados y el labelo cuadrangular-ovado con presencia de 2 callos basales que ocupan un tercio de la longitud del labelo (vs. sépalo dorsal elíptico y sinsépalo ampliamente ovado y labelo unguiculado con 2 callos basales que se extienden hasta la mitad de la longitud del labelo en P. callosa). Se proporciona información geográfica, características ecológicas y estado de conservación de la nueva especie.
First collected specimen of Trachycephalus hadroceps (Duellman & Hoogmoed, 1992) (Anura, Hylidae) from Brazil
Authors: Tavares-Pinheiro Rodrigo , Lopes André Gomes , Figueiredo Vinícius Antônio M. B. de , Sousa Jackson C. , Costa-Campos Carlos Eduardo , Fouquet Antoine
Published: April 2022

We report the first collected specimen of Trachycephalus hadroceps (Duellman & Hoogmoed, 1992) from Brazil. This record, from the municipality of Porto Grande in the state of Amapá, expands the geographic distribution of this species by approximately 230 km south-southeast from the nearest previously known locality at Camopi, French Guiana. We also provide data on the advertisement call of the species.
EKSISTENSI SPESIES IKAN INTRODUKSI PADA HASIL TANGKAPAN NELAYAN JARING INSANG (GILLNET) DI PERAIRAN WADUK PANGLIMA BESAR SOEDIRMAN KABUPATEN BANJARNEGARA
Authors: Kurnia Dhimas Ragil , Sukardi Purnama , Iqbal Achmad
Published: April 2022

Waduk Panglima Besar Soedirman, Kabupaten Banjarnegara, merupakan waduk dengan fungsi untuk pembangkit listrik, irigasi pertanian, pariwisata, budidaya dan penangkapan ikan. Jaring Insang (Gillnet) merupakan salah satu alat tangkap yang banyak digunakan oleh nelayan perairan Waduk PB Soedirman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui komposisi jenis-jenis hasil tangkapan nelayan jaring insang (gillnet) di Waduk Panglima Besar Soedirman, baik jenis introduksi maupun jenis lokal dan juga untuk mengetahui tingkat dominansi antar spesies dan dominansi antara ikan jenis introduksi dan ikan jenis lokal hasil tangkapan nelayan jaring insang (gillnet) di Waduk Panglima Besar Soedirman. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni sampai dengan Agustus 2019. Data jenis-jenis ikan hasil tangkapan nelayan gillnet dianalisis menggunakan rumus komposisi jenis dan rumus indeks dominansi Simpson (C). Jenis-jenis ikan hasil tangkapan nelayan jaring insang (gillnet) di Waduk Panglima Besar Soedirman diantaranya adalah Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) sebanyak 51%; Louhan (Cichlasoma trimaculatum) 21%; Betutu (Oxyeleotris marmorata) 21%; Tawes (Barbonymus gonionotus) 3%; Nilem (Osteochillus vittatus) 2%; Gabus (Channas triata) 1%; Mas (Ciprinus carpio) 1%; dan Bawal (Collosoma macropomum) 0,14%. Jenis-jenis ikan yang termasuk dalam jenis ikan introduksi adalah Nila (Oreochromis niloticus), Louhan (Cichlasoma trimaculatum), Betutu (Oxyeleotris marmorata), Mas (Ciprinus carpio) dan Bawal (Collosoma macropomum) dengan jumlah prosentase 94%. Jenis-jenis ikan yang termasuk ikan lokal adalah Tawes (Barbonymus gonionotus), Nilem (Osteochillus vittatus) dan Gabus (Channas triata) dengan prosentase prosentase 6%.  Nilai indeks dominansi (C) antar spesies adalah 0,3538 yang berarti tingkat dominansi sedang dan nilai indeks dominansi (C) antara ikan jenis introduksi dan ikan jenis lokal adalah 0,8981 yang berarti tingkat dominansi tinggi.
DAMPAK RUMPON TERHADAP KEBIASAAN MAKAN DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN KEBERLANJUTAN SUMBERDAYA IKAN
Authors: Prayitno Muhamad Riyono Edi , Hakim Muhammad Romdonul , Rahman Abdul
Published: April 2022

Penggunaan rumpon oleh nelayan di perairan Samudera Hindia semakin marak. Ikan yang berkumpul di sekitar rumpon lebih mudah untuk ditangkap, sehingga hasil tangkapan nelayan meningkat. Meski demikian, terdapat kekhawatiran akan adanya dampak ekologis dari penggunaan rumpon yang terlalu banyak terhadap keberlangsungan sumberdaya ikan. Kurangnya sumber makanan di sekitar rumpon dapat menggiring kepada terjadinya kelaparan pada ikan-ikan yang berasosiasi dengannya. Kurangnya makanan dapat berdampak buruk pada kemampuan ikan untuk berkembangbiak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis ikan yang tertangkap di sekitar rumpon, mengetahui kondisi lambung dan jenis makanan ikan yang berasosiasi dengan rumpon dan menentukan dampak rumpon terhadap keberlangsungan sumberdaya ikan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi jenis ikan yang ditangkap menggunakan pukat cincin dan pancing ulur di sekitar rumpon laut dalam yang dipasang di Samudera Hindia selatan Jawa. Sebanyak 279 sampel ikan dari berbagai jenis dibedah lambungnya untuk mengetahui kondisi kepenuhan lambung dan jenis makanannya. Terdapat 16 jenis ikan yang tertangkap di sekitar rumpon. Persentase ikan dengan lambung kosong yaitu 44%. Jenis makanan ikan yang ditangkap dengan pukat cincin yaitu lemuru, teri, dan cumi-cumi, sedangkan ikan yang ditangkap dengan pancing ulur memakan lemuru, teri, cumi-cumi, tongkol, cakalang, layang, udang dan larva Stomatopoda. Penggunaan rumpon dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif berupa kompetisi dalam memperoleh makanan yang ketersediaannya terbatas. Kondisi ini dapat mengganggu keberlangsungan sumberdaya ikan.
Kajian Karakteristik Gelombang Di Kecamatan Bumi Waras, Lampung
Authors: Ahmad Ayu Libiaty
Published: April 2022

Kecamatan Bumi Waras merupakan kecamatan yang terletak di wilayah pesisir di sekitar Teluk Lampung yang memiliki jumlah penduduk yang cukup padat dan keadaan ekonomi yang cukup berkembang. Letak kecamatan Bumi Waras sendiri menjadi ancaman bagi masyarakat sekitar karena adannya salah satu potensi gelombang ekstrim yang dapat menyebabkan abrasi pantai dan merusak bagunan warga sekitar pesisir. Keberadaan ancaman gelombang ektrim di Teluk Lampung harus menjadi perhatian dalam menentukan perencanaan mitigasi bencana dan tata wilayah di sekitar Teluk Lampung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi potensi gelombang ektrim yang dapat terjadi di sekitar Teluk Lampung sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai pertimbangan dalam perencanaan mitigasi bencana. Data yang digunakan merupakan data pasang surut dan data angin yang dapat digunakan sebagai prediksi gelombang ektrim. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan data tahun 2009-2018 tidak ditemukan potensi gelombang ekstrim di wilayah Teluk Lampung karena banyaknya pulau-pulau yang menjadi penghalang secara langsung.
Aloin promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma cell apoptosis and autophagy through Akt/mTOR pathway
Authors: Hu Yongxin , Xiang Xiaosong , Zhang Yuhui , Tian Zhongqi , Wang Lijian
Published: April 2022

Aloin, a natural product, has demonstrated anticancer activity in a variety of cancers, but its role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not been reported. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of Aloin on the biological functions of OSCC cells. Additionally, we evaluated the classical Akt/mTOR signal transduction pathway. CAL-27 OSCC cells were treated with Aloin for in vitro experiments. 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and colony formation assays were applied to evaluate cell proliferation potential. Wound scratch and Transwell assays detected cell migration and invasion, respectively. Flow cytometry detected apoptosis. Autophagy was assessed by p62, Beclin-1, light chain 3 (LC3)-I and LC3-II protein expressions through Western blot test. Akt/mTOR signal pathway-related protein levels were also detected by Western blot test. Here, compared with the control group, Aloin treatment memorably reduced the number of BrdU-positive cells and colonies, and undermined the ability of cell migration and invasion. Moreover, Aloin promoted apoptosis and autophagy. Western blot test proved that the protein expression of p62 was down-regulated, while Beclin-1 and LC3-I/LC3-II protein expressions were up-regulated. Further investigations revealed that Aloin inhibited p-Akt and p-mTOR, suggesting that Aloin could block the activation of AKT/mTOR pathway. Our findings demonstrated that Aloin could inhibit the activation of the AKT/mTOR pathway to induce autophagic cell death, which could provide a novel vision for OSCC treatment.
Tanshinone IIA suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis of high glucose-conditioned vascular endothelial cells by regulating microRNA-133/RAC-1 pathway
Authors: Yang Lele , Wu Xiaofen , Song Xiaoling , Pan Decheng
Published: April 2022

Cellular stress caused by abnormal accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is becoming a possible driver of cardiovascular diseases. The primary aim of our study was to explore Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA)-induced protection against ER-induced apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). HUVECs were treated with high glucose (HG), administrated with Tan IIA (2.5, 5, and 10 μM), and transfected with microRNA-133 (miR-133) mimic or inhibitor. Then cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay, the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was measured by detection kit, and ER stress was analyzed by Western blot measurement of ER stress-related indicators. Cell apoptosis was observed through flow cytometry and Western blot analysis of apoptosis-related markers. miR-133 and RAC-1 expressions in HUVECs were assessed. For HUVECs, HG inhibited cellular survival, promoted the release of LDH, apoptosis and ER stress, down-regulated miR-133, and up-regulated RAC-1. We demonstrated that Tan IIA reverted the damage of HG to HUVECs in a concentration-dependent manner. miR-133 could negatively regulate RAC-1 expression, and Tan IIA inhibited RAC-1 expression by elevating miR-133, thereby reducing the damage of HG to HUVECs. Tan IIA regulates miR-133–RAC-1 axis to reduce the apoptosis caused by ER stress in HG-induced HUVECs, which could provide new insights for treating cardiovascular diseases.
Review of studies of the effects of the pandemic on the psychological well-being and physical activity of students
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Boyarskaya L. A. , Prokhorov P. V. ,   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Yu Yitsun ,   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Wang Yelong ,   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
Published: April 2022

The article presents a review of research on the effects of the pandemic on the psychological well-being, physical activity and emotional states of students. A detailed analysis of the results of studies of the impact of the pandemic and the self-isolation regime on the change in the lifestyle of students associated with the transition to distance learning is given. The theoretical approaches based on the explanation of negative emotional states of students are presented. The differences in the impact of the pandemic on the psychological state of students, depending on the gender aspect, age and level of involvement in sports, are considered. The conducted analysis of the research also allows noting the important role of constructive coping strategies, which to a greater extent provided adaptation to situations of uncertainty caused by the self-isolation regime. The conducted research review shows that students involved in sports activities were less susceptible to the negative consequences of the pandemic. According to the results of the scientific work, the conclusion is made that there is a need for further research aimed at studying physical culture and sports to increase the adaptation of students to situations of uncertainty in the modern world.
Medical art and Church — a perspective of subject study
Authors: Rodionova Yu. V.
Published: April 2022

.
Exame Químico-Metalográfico e Identificação Veicular em Automotor do Tipo Motocicleta: Relato de Caso
Authors: De Paula Miranda Leonardo , Lopes Oliveira Thatiane
Published: April 2022

Os exames de identificação veicular e ensaio químico-metalográfico são atribuições frequentemente realizadas pelo perito criminal. Destarte, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar uma motocicleta mediante avaliação dos seus elementos identificadores e execução de exame químico-metalográfico no Número de Identificação Veicular (NIV) e sequencial alfanumérico do motor, a fim de se recuperar os caracteres originais adulterados. Trata-se de um relato de caso concernente a um automotor do tipo motocicleta, a qual exibia pintura automotiva preta e desprovida de placa alfanumérica de identificação veicular.  Por meio de análise macroscópica dos elementos de identificação do veículo, constatou-se inicialmente: pintura em cor vermelha subjacente a preta disposta no tanque de combustível; plaqueta afixada ao chassi veicular manifestando características de originalidade e expressando o ano de fabricação 1999; as sequências alfanuméricas presentes no NIV e motor haviam sido, respectivamente, parcialmente e integralmente suprimidas por ação mecânica. Após preparo das superfícies metálicas do chassi e motor, aplicaram-se sobre o NIV o reagente Besseman e sobre a liga metálica do motor o ácido clorídrico concentrado (35%). Posteriormente à aplicação dos reativos, observou-se a revelação dos caracteres subjacentes originais integralmente pertencentes ao NIV, bem como se evidenciou quase que de forma integral os caracteres gravados no motor veicular. Assim, por meio dos exames elencados, foi tecnicamente possível identificar o automotor analisado. Ademais, salienta-se há uma lacuna literária relativa à temática abordada no campo das ciências forenses, o que enseja a realização de novos estudos e relatos similares.
Efectividad de la función de concreción de la obligación alimentaria de los defensores de familia en la ciudad de Barranquilla entre los años 2015 y 2017.
Authors: Arrieta López Milton , Meza Godoy Abel
Published: April 2022

El objeto del artículo consiste en analizar la efectividad de la función de concreción de la obligación alimentaria que poseen los defensores de familia en el departamento del Atlántico y en ciudad de Barranquilla entre los años 2015 y 2017. La metodología empleada es la revisión documental, bibliográfica y el análisis crítico, mediante la cual se examina la data que permite establecer la efectividad de la concreción de la obligación alimentaria por parte de los defensores de familia adscritos al Instituto Colombiano del Bienestar Familiar. Se concluye principalmente que existe baja participación en el departamento del Atlántico y en la ciudad de Barranquilla en audiencias de conciliación en materia de alimentos respecto a la media del país por lo que se sugiere un mayor esfuerzo para incentivar el uso de los centros zonales de los municipios que procuran la resolución de conflictos en materia de alimentos.
Los embates de la modernización asumidos desde el modernismo pugilista.
Authors: Valencia Mosquera Carolina
Published: April 2022

El objetivo del artículo es evidenciar la manera en que la modernidad y su crisis se han dado en el contexto latinoamericano y la forma en que se intenta dar solución a sus conflictos con una alternativa de cura integral; mediante el establecimiento del Estado social de derecho, lo cual recrea la figura sociológica del caos creativo. La metodología implementada es deductiva y a partir de esta se describen las dinámicas de la modernidad, la modernización y el modernismo y su crisis en Europa y occidente y, posteriormente, en América Latina, para, finalmente, presentar la propuesta de solución a los embates de la época con la asunción del Estado social de derecho que es, a su vez, la propuesta para curar las contrariedades del modernismo político expresado en la figura del Estado de derecho.
Víctimas y victimarios : consideraciones sobre el caso de un asesino en serie.
Authors: Gómez Mejía Juliana
Published: April 2022

Este artículo discute la relación entre víctimas y victimarios a partir de un contexto concreto: el caso del asesino en serie de niños, Luis Alfredo Garavito que conmovió a la sociedad en 1999 por la brutalidad de sus homicidios y que refleja la forma en la que las víctimas se pueden convertir en victimarios cuando el contexto socioeconómico y cultural genera ciertas condiciones a través del tiempo. Se analiza el caso desde el punto de vista criminológico y forense y se propone una reflexión desde una perspectiva sociocultural acudiendo a contextos explicativos y a relaciones entre cultura, conducta y violencia. Teniendo en cuenta la perspectiva de los eventos adversos en la infancia, se reflexiona sobre la situación de vulnerabilidad de las víctimas, especialmente cuando se trata de niños y la forma en que las diferentes violencias a las que se enfrentan, los ubica en un espacio potencial de posibles victimarios.
El carácter dispositivo de la convención de Viena de 1980 : ¿un factor de incertidumbre en la determinación de la ley aplicable al contrato de compraventa internacional?
Authors: Martínez Luna William Fernando
Published: April 2022

La Convención de Viena de 1980 nació con el objetivo de establecer normas uniformes para regular algunas de las cuestiones más importantes de la compraventa internacional de mercaderías. Sin embargo, esta convención otorga a las partes la posibilidad de excluir su clausulado para regular el caso concreto. Este artículo tiene por objeto establecer si dicha posibilidad de exclusión constituye un factor de incertidumbre en la determinación de la ley aplicable al contrato de compraventa internacional, y por tanto, se puede considerar como un obstáculo a la aplicación de la norma material uniforme.
De la acción comunicativa a la ética del discurso : una propuesta para reconstruir la verdad en el conflicto armado.
Authors: Muñoz Correa Diego Alejandro , Carreño Bustamante María Teresa
Published: April 2022

No es extraño afirmar que, alrededor de la violencia política, la sociedad colombiana ha construido una comunidad de vida en tanto se ha logrado incrustar en el seno de sus relaciones interpersionales y sociales una unanimidad de experiencias negativas a causa de una colectividad que a lo largo de la historia ha estado marcada por el conflicto ideológico. Esta realidad compartida fue producto de la repetición de los diferentes conflictos y sus efectos, lo que ocasionó una especie de hábito que hizo tránsito a una costumbre que, al día de hoy, ha mutado en una cultura ajena a la verdad. El propósito de este escrito es proponer el diálogo dirigido al entendimiento como fuente de construcción de experiencias colectivas distintas a la violencia a partir de la convicción del sujeto del decir veraz sobre sí mismo.
Corrupción, orden público y regulación económica en Colombia.
Authors: Sanclemente Arciniegas Javier
Published: April 2022

El artículo se propone demostrar que el diseño legal de las autoridades de regulación económica en Colombia permite su captura por parte de autoridades políticas y de operadores económicos. La captura del regulador es una forma de corrupción que implica un desvío de las instituciones que dejan de proteger el interés general para atender intereses privados. Para llevar a cabo la reflexión se utilizó una metodología analítica y comparativa. La primera se centró en la noción de orden público y la segunda en la comparación de la configuración legal de las instituciones de regulación económica en Colombia y Francia. Encontramos que se ha confundido la noción de orden público lo que ha generado una concentración de poder económico en torno al Presidente de la República, hecho que facilita la corrupción. Se concluye que el diseño institucional francés puede servir de guía para diseñar autoridades que regulen de manera imparcial la actividad económica.
Las Asociaciones Público Privadas (APP) para una educación de calidad en el marco de una Colombia en paz: revisión de literatura
Authors: Franco Isaza Paola , López López Iván Darío , Acosta Medina Carlos Daniel
Published: April 2022

El propósito de este artículo es presentar los avances, las tendencias y las contribuciones de las asociaciones público privadas (APP) para una educación de calidad, mediante un análisis y sistematización de los tópicos “Public-Private Partnership” y “Education” en revistas académicas indexadas en la base de datos Web of Science en el periodo de tiempo 2001-2019. Los resultados indican que este es un tema vigente, de gran interés para la comunidad académica y profesional, que se ha implementado con éxito en el desarrollo de infraestructura educativa, principalmente en países desarrollados y que puede ser aplicable en Colombia para el mejoramiento de la calidad educativa en el marco del proceso de reconstrucción del tejido social en zonas de posconflicto.
Espejos internacionales para la comprensión del tránsito de las FARC-EP a partido político
Authors: Zambrano Quintero Liliana
Published: April 2022

La transformación de grupos rebeldes en partidos políticos es un elemento clave para la sostenibilidad de la paz. Se trata de un proceso complejo en el que intervienen múltiples factores cuyo resultado varía de un caso a otro. Este artículo se pregunta por las condiciones que intervienen para que dicho tránsito a la vida política legal sea más o menos exitosa. Para ello se hace una revisión de literatura de otras experiencias en el mundo que ya han atravesado por esta transición, con el fin de identificar los factores que han influido en la variedad de resultados y extraer de ellos recomendaciones útiles para el reciente caso de las FARC-EP en Colombia.
La jurisdicción especial para la paz en Colombia: posibles conflictos internacionales de jurisdicción
Authors: Mazuera Zuluaga Andrés Gustavo , Pabón Giraldo Liliana Damaris
Published: April 2022

This research discusses the issues of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace in Colombia regarding its international jurisdiction. Subject matter jurisdiction, personal jurisdiction, and applicable law to its proceedings will be discussed in order to identify the scenarios where the SJP could come across a forum conflict. Thus, the scope of jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court (ICC), the application of the complementary principle, amnesty recognition in foreign forums, universal jurisdiction, and extradition will be studied vis-à-vis the SJP. More importantly, this paper will help to understand the relation between the SJP and foreign forums regarding res judicata and judgment recognition. The principal objective of this paper is to identify in which scenarios the SJP would come across with an international conflict of jurisdiction. Methodologically, this research draws on both theoretical and analytical methods. It refers to both domestic and international law, and case-law to determine the applicable legal framework to the SJP. By the same token, it analyzes in which scenarios conflicts of jurisdiction issues would arise and how these issues could undermine SJP’s effectiveness. In short, this paper concludes that the SJP has overlapping jurisdiction with the ICC. Likewise,it draws upon the idea that foreign governments could instate parallel proceeding should they find that amnesty and pardon in Colombia are not grounds for dismissing criminal charges or civil liability lawsuits in their own jurisdiction.
Memoria de las víctimas en Colombia: por un nuevo concepto de justicia restaurativa
Authors: Marín Castillo Juan Carlos , Buriticá Arango Esteban David
Published: April 2022

En este artículo se analizan las transformaciones más importantes que ha experimentado la concepción de justicia transicional, las principales virtudes de los mecanismos de justicia restaurativa y los retos conceptuales y prácticos que enfrenta una política pública de construcción y preservación de la memoria histórica en Colombia. El artículo concluye que la implementación de medidas de justicia restaurativa, específicamente relacionadas con la memoria histórica, constituye un avance importante frente a los modelos de justicia transicional. Sin embargo, también sostiene que aún es necesario ahondar en las reflexiones sobre la importancia de la memoria histórica en un país que todavía padece los efectos de las violencias pasadas y presentes, así como consolidar la memoria como un instrumento quecontribuya efectivamente a la paz y a la reparación integral de las víctimas.