bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Internal Migration in Pakistan: Evidence from the
Labour Force Survey, 1996-97
Authors: Khan Aliya H. , Shehnaz Lubna
Published: August 2018

The process of migration has diverse economic, social and
environmental implications for the places of origin and destination. In
the context of balanced regional growth and sustainable regional
development it is important to study how internal migration affects the
patterns of population distribution within a country. The spatial
distribution of population is influenced by the characteristics of the
sending and receiving areas in terms of push and pull factors resulting
in rural-urban, urban-urban, rural-rural and urban-rural migration
flows. As economies transform from being predominantly rural to being
predominantly urban societies, the process of urbanisation assumes a
rapid pace. Individuals migrate from rural to urban areas as a rational
human capital investment decision to reap economic rewards in the form
of better economic opportunities and benefits. The consequences of rapid
urbanisation are multi faceted and require timely responses by
development planners and policy-makers to deal with pressures created on
the infrastructure of large urban centres by the influx of migrants.
However, in some developing as well as developed countries, lately,
there have been signs of a change in the trend of the population
distribution away from concentration in a few large cities towards a
more widespread distribution in medium-sized urban centres. The other
dimension of this rural-urban migrant outflow manifests itself in the
changing labour market scenario in the rural economy which loses the
more productive members of its labour force to the urban
economy.
Estimation of Distribution of Income in Pakistan, Using Micro
Data
Authors: Ahmed Mahboob
Published: August 2018

Income distribution entered the post war discussion of
economic development fairly late. Until the 1960s much of the focus was
on industrialisation and the need for capital accumulation. Pakistan was
no exception as in the early 60s economic expansion became the main
target and means to political identity. Rapid population growth
associated with steep decline in mortality demanded acceleration of
production to keep pace. Overall aggregate expansion was much faster
than before but without benefit for the poor. In that context emerged a
new professional interest in income distribution. Haq’s (1964) study was
one of the oldest studies conducted to measure inequality in personal
income distribution in the high income brackets in the urban areas of
Pakistan. The main objective of the author was to present the income
distribution pattern in terms of the relative shares of different income
groups as well as in terms of Pareto coefficients and concentration
ratio during the period 1948-49 to 1957-58 for which published tax data
was available. While recognising the limitations of the data used, the
author went on to calculate various measures of income inequality
including Pareto coefficient and Lorenz curve. The author also made
comparison of Pakistan’s income distribution with U.S.A. and
U.K.
How Do the Poor Respond to Rising Prices?
Authors: Naqvi Zareen Fatima , Akbar Mohammad
Published: August 2018

Recent estimates show that after falling in the 1980s, poverty
has made a comeback in Pakistan during the 1990s. The Government of
Pakistan (GOP) estimate show an increase in caloric poverty headcount
from 17 percent in 1987-88 to 33 percent in 1998-99 and also rising
income inequality during the 1990s.1 In contrast preliminary estimates
by the World Bank show that poverty may not have risen as rapidly during
the 1990s and may even have stagnated.2 Slow down in economic growth,
rising open unemployment, rising food and non-food prices, reduction in
the fiscal space for pro-poor public programmes, poor governance
hampering delivery of social services to the poor; are factors that have
been attributed to the growing poverty and vulnerability of households
in recent years.
Financing Economic Development (Presidential Address)
Authors: Kemal A.R.
Published: August 2018

We understand that both the level as well as the composition
of investment play a crucial role in the economic development process.
However, it needs to be understood that investment contributes to the
growth process by increasing the productive capacity, improving the
technology, and enhancing the competitiveness of an economy. And when it
is supplemented with investment in the social sectors, it also results
in human development. The demand for investment depends on strong
macroeconomic fundamentals comprising stability of exchange rates,
fiscal prudence, feasible structure of financial market, including the
regulatory and supervisory framework and the size and quality of the
securities and bond markets, and continuity of a consistent investment
policy.
X-efficiency Analysis of Commercial Banks in Pakistan: A Preliminary Investigation
Authors: Mohammad Hanif Akhtar
Published: August 2018

The emergence of a fast-paced dynamic environment in the business world in general, and in the financial services sector in particular, has highlighted the significance of competition and efficiency. The need for deregulation has become a touchstone of success in fostering both competition and efficiency especially in the economies, which are exposed to structural reforms. In addition to that, intense competition both among domestic and foreign banks, rapid speed of innovations and introduction of new financial instruments, changing consumer’s demands and desire for product augmentation have changed the way a bank conducts business and services its customers. Larger the degree of competition, it is perceived that the firms would become more efficient. However, when the structure of an industry is product of the government regulations, the degree of competition is impaired markedly implying that the efficiency suffers negatively.
Labour Market Dynamics in Pakistan: Evidence from the Longitudinal Data
Authors: G. M. Arif  , M. F. Kiani  , Khalid H Sheikh
Published: August 2018

The bulk of research on labour market conditions in Pakistan has concentrated on the economic activity rate, the number of employed persons, or the unemployment rate at a particular point in time. These stock measures of labour market situation are useful from a policy viewpoint as they give a broad indication of the dimension of the problem. For example, the recent labour force surveys show an increase in the level of open unemployment from 5.9 percent in 1997-98 to 7.8 percent in 1999-2000 [Pakistan (2001)]. There is also an emerging consensus that during the 1990s poverty has increased at the national as well as for rural and urban areas of the country [Qureshi and Arif (2001)]. Labour market is considered as the main route for establishing the link between macro policies, the resulting GDP growth and poverty alleviation [Rahman (2002)]. Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (IPRSP) and other development plans have suggested various targets of employment creation for poverty reduction.
The Disease Pattern and Utilisation of Health Care Services in Pakistan
Authors: Naushin Mahmood  , Syed Mubashir Ali
Published: August 2018

Health is an important aspect of human life. In general terms, better health status of individuals reflects reduced illnesses, low level of morbidity, and less burden of disease in a given population. It is widely recognised that improved health not only lowers mortality, morbidity and level of fertility, but also contributes to increased productivity and regular school attendance of children as a result of fewer work days lost due to illness, which in turn have implications for economic and social well-being of the population at large. Hence investing in health is vital for promoting human resource development and economic growth in a country [World Bank (1993)]. A view of Pakistan’s health profile indicates that the sector has expanded considerably in terms of physical infrastructure and its manpower in both the public and private sector. This has contributed to some improvement in selected health status indicators over the years. However, the public health care delivery system has been inadequate in meeting the needs of the fast growing population and in filtering down its benefits to the gross-root level. As such, Pakistan still has one of the highest rates of infant and child mortality, total fertility and maternal mortality when compared with many other countries in the Asian region [UNDP (2000)]. Due to low priority given to social sector development in the past and low budgetary allocations made to the health sector, the evidence shows that mortality and morbidity indices have not reduced to the desired level and large gaps remain in the quality of care indicators, especially in rural areas [Federal Bureau of Statistics (2000)].
An Introduction to Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority
Authors: Syed Jawad Naseem
Published: August 2018

Regulation means to govern in accordance with the rules. There are four major types of regulations pertaining to industrial and commercial activities:
Regulatory Framework in Pakistan (The Presidential Address)
Authors: A. R. Kemal
Published: August 2018

Until the mid-1970s, governments all over the world (especially in the developing economies), intervened in markets on the pretext of market failure arising from externalities, decreasing cost industries, and equity considerations for maximising social welfare. In Pakistan, where the private sector has played a dominant role, except probably for the 1970s,1 private sector activities have all along been regulated through various types of controls and regulations on entry and exit, prices, credit, foreign exchange, imports, investments, etc. These regulations were imposed with a view to ensuring that private sector allocations were in accordance with the national priorities [see Pakistan (1983-84)]. However, the objectives were rarely realised and, in fact, these regulations have been responsible for red-tapism and corruption. On the grounds of government failure, privatisation and deregulation policies are being practised almost everywhere in the hope that they would help in efficient allocation of resources and higher levels of productivity. Considerable regulatory reforms have also been effected in Pakistan over the last two decades. Investment and import licensing have been withdrawn, most of the foreign exchange restrictions have been removed, capital market regulations have been simplified, price controls have been lifted, and interest rates have been deregulated. However, there is considerable room for further regulatory reforms. Similarly, various public enterprises in the manufacturing and financial sectors have been privatised, telecommunication, airlines, and energy firms have been partially divested, and the government has an ambitious privatisation programme of divestiture in various other fields. The main force behind the process of privatisation is the need to address the problems of mismanagement of resources, overstaffing, inappropriate and costly investments, poor quality of services, and heavy losses of various public enterprises.
New Issues in Bank Regulation (The Quaid-i-Azam Memorial Lecture)
Authors: Mohsin S. Khan
Published: August 2018

Deregulation, technology, and financial innovation are transforming banking. Indeed, banking is no longer the business it was even a few decades ago. The way banking services are provided has changed dramatically, and in many countries they are even offered by institutions that are quite different from traditional banks. As the old institutional demarcations become increasingly irrelevant, increased competition from other intermediaries has led to a decline in traditional banking in which banks took deposits and made loans that stayed on their books to maturity. Banks thus have been moving rapidly into new areas of business. In this evolving financial environment, the international banking community and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision of the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) are currently wrestling with pinning down an appropriate regulatory framework. The regulatory response to these changes has been a move away from the increasingly ineffective command-and-control regulations to greater reliance on assessing the internal risk-management systems, the supervision of banks, and more effective market discipline. In the language of the New Basel Accord, this represents a shift in emphasis away from capital-adequacy rules toward supervision and market discipline. This paper provides an overview of the profound and rapid changes brought about by technology and deregulation, and discusses the hurdles that will have to be negotiated for putting in place a suitable regulatory framework. On the one hand, inadequate resolution of these challenges will create the wrong incentives and lead to banking fragility. On the other hand, overregulation carries the danger that it will retard the development of national financial systems, hinder the best use of available domestic savings, prevent countries from accessing international capital, and ultimately lead to slower growth. Developed financial systems are being challenged by the shift in regulatory focus, and the definition and implementation of appropriate regulatory standards is encountering substantial difficulties. Finding the right balance between regulation, supervision, and reliance on market discipline is likely to be even more difficult in developing and transition countries.
WORLDVIEW PROBLEMS OF NBIC TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Vasenkin Aleksei Vadimovich , Vasil’eva Nina Aleksandrovna
Published: August 2018

The article discusses some philosophical and worldview problems generated by the system of NBIC technologies. The authors consider each component of this system briefly and consistently. After that, certain problems are highlighted, which are currently identified in the society and relate directly to the development of the system of NBIC technologies. According to the authors, such problems include, firstly, the problem of the formation of a new level of the society’s life, when the complete modification of one’s organism becomes available to a person; secondly, the problem of practical overcoming of death and prolongation of life, as a consequence, the meaningful transformation of the categories “life” and “death”; thirdly, the problem of human reproduction control; fourthly, the problem of creating artificial intelligence in the form of designing a digital brain interface. The designation of such problems allows the authors to conclude that the development of the NBIC technologies system not only changes but also improves the interdisciplinary connections of special scientific knowledge. Such changes take place at the global, general philosophical level. This fact explains the attention paid to the development of NBIC technologies not only by specialists in the technical sphere of science, but also by the humanities and social-science community.
CONDITIONS FOR SUSTAINABILITY OF TERRORIST ACTIVITY REPRODUCTION AND SUBJECTS OF ITS IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Kochnev Evgenii Anatol’evich , Naumov Sergei Vasil’evich , Mishin Yurii Dmitrievich
Published: August 2018

By the XXI century, terror has acquired a scale of global threat to social progress and can really become political global problem No. 1. Attention is drawn to the stability of the situation of terrorists, the expanding ranks and locations of deployment, the mobility, technical and financial state of terrorist groups. Therefore the study of the conditions for the expanded reproduction of terrorist activity, the ascertainment of the subject composition, its dynamics and clarity in the definition of “terror”, “terrorism” acquire special topicality. The authors conduct the historical, logical and socio-cultural study of the process of terror metamorphosis in the context of its reproduction sustainability, focusing on the conditions and subjects of the terrorist movement.
UMBANDA AND PALMARES: ANTI-SYSTEM IN BRAZIL
Authors: Sulimov Stanislav Igorevich , Cherenkov Roman Aleksandrovich
Published: August 2018

This work is devoted to the consideration of anti-systems, syncretic social and spiritual formations of destructive orientation. As an example, the authors analyze the religious and magic movement Umbanda, which arose in Brazil, has been operating there since transatlantic slave trade and syntheses Catholic and West African beliefs. By the example of the “republic” of Palmares the social realization of the anti-system project is studied. The emergence of an anti-system in a zone of the contact of diverse developed cultures is natural, but belonging of this or that person to an anti-system is always conditioned by personal choice.
HISTORY OF WOMAN’S WRESTLING DEVELOPMENT IN KHAKASSIA IN THE 1990S - AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XXI CENTURY
Authors: Artamonova Nadezhda Yakovlevna , Domogashev Oleg Semenovich
Published: August 2018

The article is devoted to the history of woman’s wrestling in the Republic of Khakassia. The authors note that this topic is not sufficiently studied in the historiography of Khakassia and they identify the regularities of this sport development, present the creative path of the coaches, who contributed to the development of woman’s wrestling in this region, and reveal the problems and achievements. The conclusion about the trends of the expansion of woman’s wrestling in the republic, the need for further research within the framework of modern achievements in national history, and the development of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the problem is drawn.
DOMESTIC POP MUSICAL IN THE CONTEXT OF MASS GENRES EXISTENCE: ON THE PROBLEM STATEMENT
Authors: Breitburg Valeriya Vyacheslavovna
Published: August 2018

For the first time, the study of the pop musical as a separate genre, which has become a kind of the result of the domestic musical development, is the centre of research attention. The author’s definition of this genre is given. The musical basis of the pop musical is popular music in all its current stylistic diversity. At the same time, it has all the genre features of the musical itself: dynamic musical drama, address to famous literary subjects, emphasis on staginess, and desire for entertainment. The article shows the socio-cultural features of the musical existence in the West and in Russia. The author gives quite a detailed description of the range of the issues that arise when studying the popular genre in demand, which is also a starting point for the scientific research of the problem.
THE BOOK MINIATURE OF GERMANY OF THE OTTONIAN ERA
Authors: Kilimnik Evgenii Vital'evich , Pechenkin Sergei Ivanovich
Published: August 2018

The article deals with the art criticism analysis of the book miniature of early medieval Germany as a phenomenon of the European culture, which received its artistic development starting from the reign of the emperors of the Ottonian dynasty in the middle of the X - the first half of the XI century. The research task is to define the general and the particular in the art of the book miniature that absorbed, on the one hand, the ancient and early medieval cultural impact of the Byzantine Empire, and, on the other hand, its own cultural and philosophical attitudes. It is identified that the early medieval German book miniature of the era of the Ottonian emperors, in the surviving artifacts such as Gospels, Psalters, Lectionaries, is full of images with expressive mimicry and gestures, dramatic effect of the plots that was dictated mainly by the general exaltation of the era. The practical significance of the article is in the determination of the common points of the public and artistic development of Germany and Russia, which constitute the Pan-European cultural space.
PECULIARITIES OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING IN THE SCULPTURAL CLASS OF MOSCOW SCHOOL OF PAINTING, SCULPTURE AND ARCHITECTURE IN THE XIX CENTURY. IN COMMEMORATION OF N. A. RAMAZANOV’S 200TH ANNIVERSARY
Authors: Krupnova Mariya Dmitrievna
Published: August 2018

The article deals with the problem of artistic education connected with the pedagogical activity of Moscow sculptors. The main part of the scientific article reveals the peculiarity of the methodological approach in creative disciplines teaching. On the basis of the conducted analysis, a conclusion is drawn on the formation of the full-fledged system of masters’ training in sculpture classes in Russia in the XIX century, where there was not only an increase in the number of highly professional sculptors, which made an important creative contribution to the development of national sculpture; this also led to a completely different understanding of the figurative potential of sculpture.
USE OF CONCENTRATION CAMPS DURING THE SUPPRESSION OF TAMBOV UPRISING OF 1920-1921
Authors: Bezai Oleg Vasil’evich
Published: August 2018

The article provides the analysis of concentration camps significance in the occupation measures for the suppression of the peasant uprising of 1920-1921 within the territory of Tambov province. By creating the system of concentration camps for the captured and surrendered rebels, the Communist government pursued the policy of terror against the population of the rebel areas. The field correction camps were used to hold the members of “bandit” families, including pregnant women and young children, as hostages. The number of the arrested, which exceeded the number of places in the concentration camps of the province, was the evidence of the repression scale. The prison environment increased the punitive effect.
QUEEN TITLE IN ANCIENT MACEDONIA OF THE LAST THIRD OF THE IV - THE FIRST QUARTER OF THE III CENTURY BC
Authors: Kilyashova Kristina Alekseevna
Published: August 2018

The article deals with the issue of the occurrence and use of the queen title in Ancient Macedonia. Significant attention is paid to the interrelation between the official use of the king and queen titles with the development of the monarchy institution. The plots of ancient authors and their understanding of this term in relation to the women of the Argead dynasty are analyzed. The epigraphic evidence of the title official use is given, the views of historians having studied the etymology of the term are revealed. It is stated that the title did not determine duties, but confirmed the high status of its holder and was closely related to the consolidation of dynastic legitimacy. The widespread use of the title by the women of Hellenistic states is noted.
SEBUAH CATATAN TAMBAHAN TENTANG PREHISTORI IRIAN JAYA
Authors: Nitihaminoto Goenadi
Published: August 2018

Tulisan ini saya dasarkan atas tulisan R.P. Soejono yang berjudul Prehistori Irian Barat, ditufis tahun 1963. Tulisan ini dapat ditemukan dalam buku Penduduk Irian Barat dibawah redaksi Koentjaraningrat dan Harsja W. Bachtiar, halaman 39-54: Meskipun _tulisan tersebut hanya bersifat kompila tif, rasanya sudah cukup mewakili. Dalam kesernpatan ini saya ingin menambahkan tulisan itu berdasarkan hasil penelitian saya bersarna Dr. W.G. Solheim II, yang harnpir ineliputi seluruh Irian J aya. Dalam tulisan ini narna Irian Baral yang terdapat dalam tulisan tahun 1963 say a ganti dengan Irian J aya, sebuah nama yang djpakai sekarang.
MODELING THE ASIAN TSUNAMI EVOLUTION AND PROPAGATION WITH A NEW GENERATION MECHANISM AND A NON-LINEAR DISPERSIVE WAVE MODEL
Authors: Rivera Paul C.
Published: August 2018

A common approach in modeling the generation and propagation of tsunami is based on the assumption of a kinematic vertical displacement of ocean water that is analogous to the ocean bottom displacement during a submarine earthquake and the use of a non-dispersive long-wave model to simulate its physical transformation as it radiates outward from the source region. In this study, a new generation mechanism and the use of a highly-dispersive wave model to simulate tsunami inception, propagation and transformation are proposed. The new generation model assumes that transient ground motion during the earthquake can accelerate horizontal currents with opposing directions near the fault line whose successive convergence and divergence generate a series of potentially destructive oceanic waves. The new dynamic model incorporates the effects of earthquake moment magnitude, ocean compressibility through the buoyancy frequency, the effects of focal and water depths, and the orientation of ruptured fault line in the tsunami magnitude and directivity. For tsunami wave simulation, the nonlinear momentum-based wave model includes important wave propagation and transformation mechanisms such as refraction, diffraction, shoaling, partial reflection and transmission, back-scattering, frequency dispersion, and resonant wave-wave interaction. Using this model and a coarse-resolution bathymetry, the new mechanism is tested for the Indian Ocean tsunami of December 26, 2004. A new flooding and drying algorithm that consider waves coming from every direction is also proposed for simulation of inundation of low-lying coastal regions. It is shown in the present study that with the proposed generation model, the observed features of the Asian tsunami such as the initial drying of areas east of the source region and the initial flooding of western coasts are correctly simulated. The formation of a series of tsunami waves with periods and lengths comparable to observations are also well simulated with the new generation model. Furthermore, the shoaling behavior of the tsunami waves during flooding of dry land was also simulated by the new run-up algorithm. Finally, the new generation and propagation models can explain the combined and independent effects of various factors in tsunami generation and transformation taking into consideration the properties of the ocean and the geologic disturbance.
Development of Basketball Play System Handbook fo SMAN 1 Karangan Basketball Team
Authors: Putro Baskoro Nugroho
Published: August 2018

One of extracurricular in school is extracurricular based on sport activity. Sport extracurricular has a different approach with physical education. Sport extracurricular give student a chance to develop their talent and or hobby on one or more sports activity that provided by school based on school’s infraststructure. SMAN 1 Karangan, as a one of favorite school in Trenggalek provided basketball as sport extracurricular for their students. Basketball, as sport extracurriculer, is an achievement oriented activity but still in education corridor. Extracurricular activity has a common problems to fulfill the target. Start from the limited infrastructures, so basketball extracurricullar must share the place with other sport extracurricular, limited time to practices and inconsistency participation by the students that join in basketball extracurricular because of other needs. In this case, to make a smooth communication between coach and student, be required instructional media. Instructional media give a chance for the absence student, when team can not held practice because bad weather (SMAN 1 Karangan only has outdoor basketball field), or outside the regular practices to learn about the offense and defense system that used by the team. Well understanding of play system that divided into offense and defense will give team a bigger chance to has a better achievement. Instructional media developed with ADDIE method that involved two expert judgements and all of the extracurricular participants in process. The instructional media that has developed and tested declared usefull enough to help students to understand the play system.
Pengelompokan Artikel Berita Berbahasa Indonesia dengan Agglomerative Clustering
Authors: Wibisono Yudi , Khodra Masayu Leylia
Published: August 2018

Makalah ini mengaplikasikan agglomerative clustering untuk pengelompokan artikel berita berbahasa Indonesia untuk sistem aggregator berita. Agglomerative clustering merupakan teknik clustering hirarki dengan keunggulan jumlah cluster tidak perlu ditentukan, dan kualitas cluster tidak bergantung pada inisialisasi awal anggota cluster. Empat linkage diimplementasikan yaitu single linkage, complete linkage, average linkage, dan average-group linkage. Clustering dilakukan dengan menggunakan fitur leksikal, pembobotan term-frequency inverse document-frequency (tf.idf), cosine similarity, dan minimum anggota cluster adalah tiga. Dengan menggunakan 104 artikel berbahasa Indonesia yang telah dilabeli, kualitas cluster terbaik dihasilkan agglomerative clustering dengan menggunakan complete linkage dan kemiripan minimum 0.3 (purity rata-rata 0.888 dan lima cluster) dan 0.4 (purity rata-rata 0.938 dan empat cluster). Hasil eksperimen juga menunjukkan bahwa complete linkage menghasilkan purity rata-rata terbaik dan konsisten dibandingkan jenis linkage lainnya, dan nilai purity akan semakin tinggi jika parameter min_sim diperbesar, tetapi hal tersebut menyebabkan jumlah cluster yang dihasilkan semakin kecil.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PENYULUHAN PERKEBUNAN TERHADAP HASIL PANEN PETANI KEBUN DI KAMPUNG SEKRU KABUPATEN FAKFAK
Authors: Al Hamid Deisya Maulida
Published: August 2018

Penyuluhan perkebunan sebagai bagian integral pembangunan perkebunan merupakan salah satu upaya pemberdayaan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas, pendapatan dan kesejahteraannya. Untuk itu kegiatan penyuluhan pertanian harus dapat mengakomodasi aspirasi peran aktif melalui pendekatan partisipatif. Idealnya penyuluhan perkebunan akan mendatangkan pengetahuan lebih kepada para petani kebun dalam hal pengelolaan lahan, pemilihan bibit unggul, penanganan hama, serta permasalahan lainnya, yang berimbas pada peningkatan hasil panen. Penyuluhan yang efektif akan membantu para petani kebun memperoleh hasil panen yang lebih optimal. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelaksanaan penyuluhan terhadap peningkatan hasil panen pada komoditi unggulan di kampung Sekru, Fakfak
Aftereffects of self-control on positive emotional reactivity
Authors: Finley Anna J , Schmeichel Brandon
Published: August 2018

According to the process model of ego depletion, exercising self-control causes shifts in motivation and attention that may increase positive emotional reactivity. In an initial study and a preregistered replication, participants exercised self-control (or not) on a writing task before reporting their emotional responses to positive, negative, and neutral images. In Study 1 (N = 256) we found that exercising (versus not exercising) self-control increased positive emotional responses to positive images among more extraverted individuals. In Study 2 (N = 301) we found that exercising self-control increased positive reactivity independent of extraversion. These findings support the process model of ego depletion and suggest that exercising self-control may influence responding that does not entail self-control (i.e., positive emotional reactivity)—an outcome that is not anticipated by the limited resource model of self-control.
Event Memory Uniquely Predicts Memory for Large-Scale Space
Authors: Sargent Jesse Q. , Zacks Jeffrey M. , Hambrick David Z. , Lin Nan
Published: August 2018

When a person explores a new environment, they begin to construct a spatial representation of it. Doing so is important for navigating and remaining oriented. How does one’s ability to learn a new environment relate to one’s ability to remember experiences in that environment? Here, 208 adults experienced a first-person videotaped route, and then completed a spatial map construction task. They also took tests of general cognitive abilities (working memory, laboratory episodic memory, processing speed, general knowledge) and of memory for familiar, everyday activities (event memory). Regression analyses revealed that event memory (memory for everyday events and their temporal structure), laboratory episodic memory (memory for words and pictures) and gender were unique predictors of spatial memory. These results implicate the processing of temporal structure and organization as an important cognitive ability in large-scale spatial memory from route experience. Accounting for the temporal structure of people’s experience while learning the layout of novel spaces may improve interventions for addressing navigation problems.
Measured Applause: Toward a Cultural Analysis of Audio Collections
Authors: Clement Tanya , McLaughlin Stephen
Published: August 2018

Applause is a significant cultural marker in recorded performances. In poetry performances, applause can be a means by which an audience can indicate its response to a speaker's performance or to the audience in general; a means for expressing elation and appreciation or, perhaps, dismay; and a way to engage in dialog with a poem itself and affect its mode of meaning making. In the study of a collection of performances, then, applause can serve as a signifier of structures such as the point at which the performance itself has changed from introductory comments to main performance, from single speaker to a question-and-answer period with the audience, or from the end of one poem to the start of the next, but it can also serve, as used here, as a discovery point for considering how a poet interacts with an audience in a particular poetry culture.
Agent-based least-cost path analysis and the diffusion of Cantabrian Lower Magdalenian engraved scapulae
Authors: Gravel-Miguel Claudine , Wren Colin D.
Published: August 2018

At the root of numerous archaeological research projects is a need to understand how mobility impacted the lives of our ancestors. Recent technological advances have made it easy for archaeologists to rely on Geographic Information Systems’ least-cost path tools to identify the single easiest path to move between two points set in a realistically rugged landscape; however, least-cost path tools work on the assumption that the whole world is perfectly known, which does not represent human mobility accurately in all cases. Here, we present an agent-based least-cost path (AB-LCP) model, which does not make the assumption of complete landscape knowledge, and allows creating multiple anisotropic least-cost paths that take the traveler’s local perspective and incomplete knowledge into consideration. We demonstrate the model’s potential through a case study of the geographical distribution of Cantabrian (Spain) Lower Magdalenian engraved scapulae, which provides an interesting extension to current understanding of Magdalenian mobility, showcasing the flexibility and potential of this new LCP tool to study archaeological landscapes. The results of our study suggest that the studied engraved scapulae may have been created at El Castillo, and then brought to Altamira for transmission to other sites. The results show that El Castillo was strategically located on a bottleneck for coastal-to-plain mobility, whereas Altamira was located along social paths connecting other contemporaneous sites. This supports the already-accepted notion that both sites may have served for Upper Paleolithic population aggregation. However, our research builds on this idea by explaining why these two sites would have become so important. We suggest that Altamira was strategically placed near the boundary of inter-regional groups, thus taking the role as an aggregation site for unrelated populations, whereas El Castillo would have been used by the intra-regional group population to congregate during the summer and take advantage of the local mosaic of resources.
Holistic View of the Agricultural Sustainability Data Ecosystem
Authors: Parkhurst Robert T. , Powers Jamie , McClure Dan , Hughes Amy
Published: August 2018

Companies increasingly request sustainability data from their suppliers. For the food supply chain, most food inputs are commodities, making it particularly difficult to collect information. Therefore, farmers routinely receive the same request for data from multiple parties including agricultural retailers, tool input providers, and food or seed companies. At the supply chain’s demand end, consumer packaged goods companies and food retailers are requesting similar data from their top suppliers. In the process, ag retailers and other farm advisers are often overlooked as valued partners in the collection, analysis, aggregation, and transfer of data. For participants to collect data there must be a solid value proposition for every participant. To ensure consistent reporting up and down the food supply chain, there need to be transparent metrics linking the nodes through which these data flow and allow the data to move up, down, and across the network. Finally, there must be a process or tools to ensure every sustainability claim is valid.
Comparative study of home and community participation among children with and without cerebral palsy
Authors: Milićević Milena , Nedović Goran
Published: August 2018

Background: Children with cerebral palsy (CP) are at increased risk of reduced participation. Parental evaluation of child’s participation is often the decision-making factor in the process of special education and/or rehabilitation.Aims: Examine and compare home and community participation of children with CP and typical development (TD) and the associations between their parents’ desire for change and participation dimensions in both settings.Methods and procedures: This cross-sectional study included a convenience sample of 110 children with CP (55% males; mean age 12.7 years) and 134 children with TD (49% males; mean age 12.1 years). The Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY) was used. Outcomes and results: Home and community participation and environmental supportiveness of children with CP were lower compared to children with TD (p < .001, family income controlled). The effect sizes indicated that there may be no clinically important difference in participation frequency. Parents of children with CP desired change if participation was less diverse at home, less frequent in the community, or if involvement was lower in both settings (environmental supportiveness and income controlled).Conclusions and implications: At home, parents expressed a desire for change more intensely through the range of activities, while parents of children with TD emphasized participation frequency. In the community, parents of children with CP equally perceived participation diversity and focused more on frequency and involvement.
Social Psychology
Authors: AA ABDUL LATIF
Published: August 2018

psikologi sosial (social psychology)
Kesejahteraan Psikologis Penerima Bantuan Rehab Rumah di Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: AA ABDUL LATIF
Published: August 2018

This research aims to explore the concept of psychological well-being which associated with the aid program of sub-standart house renovation (RRTLH) in Sidoarjo. This research specifically has urgency in understand the dynamics of psychological well-being on the poor who receives aid program of RRTLH. On many previous studies affirmed that the substandar housing has negative affect and contributing to psychological well-being reduction. In this study, how the aid of RRTLH can provide an illustration process of changing the psychological well-being of poor housing. The research conducting by grounded theory method, is expected to obtain a description the preposition of changing process in psychological well-being on subject of RRTLH. Theory of grounded was take by interview with 13 informant who receives house renovation in Sidoarjo. The data interview is analyzed and grouped into categories, sub theme and theme that correlate with other categories. The result of this research describe that there are three types of changing psychological wellbeing in poverty aid of housing renovation, is the presence of spirit to continue improvement after that, realistic decision making with priority precede the education of children, and self acceptance with the condition of its current. Furthermore, the process of changing the psychological well-being in aid program of poor housing influenced by psychological factor of self concept, perception of poverty aid, and expectation about livable house.
Editorial
Authors: Pullin Naomi , Pullin Naomi
Published: August 2018

Editorial
Professor Michael Levitt
Authors: Davies Gemma-Louise , Davies Gemma-Louise
Published: August 2018

Professor Michael Levitt (Stanford University, USA) won the 2013 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems—computational tools which can calculate the course of chemical reactions. Professor Levitt was born in Pretoria, South Africa; he came to the UK on a summer vacation aged 16, where he decided to stay and study for his A‑levels. His interest in the physics of living systems drove him to study biophysics at King’s College London, before securing a PhD position at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge. In the interim year between his degree and beginning his PhD, Professor Levitt worked at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, where he met his future wife. They married later that year and moved to Cambridge, where their three children were born. After completing his PhD, he spent time working in Israel, Cambridge, the Salk Institute and Stanford (both California). Since 1986, he has split his time between Israel and California. Outside of science, he is a keen hiker and he is well-known to have attended the eclectic ‘Burning Man’ Festival in California.[1]Professor Levitt visited the University of Warwick to speak at the Computational Molecular Science Annual Conference in March 2015. In this interview, Dr Gemma-Louise Davies, an Institute of Advanced Study Global Research Fellow, spoke to Professor Levitt about the importance of Interdisciplinarity in his field, role models in Academia, and his plans for the future.Image: Professor Michael Levitt (left) with Dr Scott Habershon (right, organiser of the 2015 Computational Molecular Science Annual Conference) during his visit to the University of Warwick in March 2015.[1] ‘Burning Man’ is a unique annual festival dedicated to community, art, music, self-expression and self-reliance. Tens of thousands of people flock to this temporary metropolis built in the Californian desert.
Myths of Male Same-Sex Love in the Art of the Italian Renaissance
Authors: Haughton Ann
Published: August 2018

Visual culture has much to contribute to an understanding of the history of sexuality. Yet, to date, the depiction of pederasty in the art of the Renaissance has not been covered adequately by dominant theoretical paradigms. Moreover, the interpretive approach of traditional art historical discourse has been both limited and limiting in its timidity toward matters concerning the representation of sexual proclivity between males. This article will address the ways in which Italian Renaissance artistic depictions of some mythological narratives were enmeshed with the period’s attitudes toward sexual and social relationships between men.Particular attention is paid here to the manner in which, under the veneer of a mythological narrative, certain works of art embodied a complex set of messages that encoded issues of masculine behaviour and performance in the context of intergenerational same-sex erotic relationships.  The primary case studies under investigation for these concerns of gender and sexuality in this particular context are Benvenuto Cellini’s marble Apollo and Hyacinth (1545), and Giulio Romano’s drawing of Apollo and Cyparissus (1524). By incorporating pictorial analysis, social history, and gender and sexuality studies, new possibilities will be offered for evaluating these artworks as visual chronicles of particular sexual and cultural mores of the period. Furthermore, this article will consider how visual representation of these mythic narratives of erotic behaviour between males conformed to the culturally defined sexual and social roles relating to the articulation of power that permeated one of the greatest milestones in art history.
Ruling Climate: the Theory and Practice of Environmental Governmentality, 1500-1800
Authors: Morgan John Emrys , Morgan John Emrys
Published: August 2018

This one-day conference brought together scholars from across Europe and North America to discuss the relationship between governments and the environment in the early modern period. Papers discussed competing conceptions of environmental and climatic models and their use as instruments of control to justify a variety of social and economic interventions. With early career, established and leading scholars discussing environmental governmentality in global contexts, from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries, the breadth of research at ‘Ruling Climate’ was testament to the vitality of the environmental humanities, and its current status as a leading movement in contemporary historical research.
‘Speaking to Others' in Nancy Huston’s The Goldberg Variations and Slow Emergencies
Authors: Galis Polly , Galis Polly
Published: August 2018

Nancy Huston has previously claimed that her lack of any clear-cut national identity, or of any strong affiliation to her original cultural heritage, enables her to take on multiple identities within her literature. Huston’s claim, however, can be deemed problematic if it presupposes a right to speak on the behalf of minority or ‘subaltern’ figures. This is particularly problematic in view of Huston’s position as a white middle-class writer. In other words, the representation of others in literature can entail imperial repercussions. I will begin this article by postulating that literature can constitute a means of representing ourselves as other, or others tout-court (in keeping with Huston’s transnational approach to(self-)representation), before turning to the work of Gayatri Spivak to illustrate how literary representations of others can betray a neo-colonial or imperial character. I will then establish the ways in which Huston avoids an imperial representation of others in The Goldberg Variations and Slow Emergencies by speaking to rather than for others. This article will also explore how this process is underpinned by an intersectional reading of otherness, in keeping with the critical work of Kimberlé Crenshaw and Elisabeth Spelman, and reminiscent of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari’s concept of ‘becoming-minoritarian’ and Rosi Braidotti’s of ‘becoming-woman’ which, in the case of Huston’s literature, are key to distinguishing between minority and ‘subaltern’ figures. In both cases, I will demonstrate how Huston speaks to not for others in both of the studied novels, and how, in so doing, she challenges monolithic and binary categories of being.
Interview on Experimental Philosophy with Joshua Knobe
Authors: Roberts Pendaran S. , Knobe Joshua , Roberts Pendaran , Knobe Joshua
Published: August 2018

This conversation piece contains an interview with Joshua Knobe. It provides a useful introduction to what experimental philosophy is and the interdisciplinary collaborations it encourages. Pendaran Roberts and Joshua Knobe collaboratively developed this conversation piece via email. Joshua Knobe is a renowned experimental philosopher, who works on a range of philosophical issues, including philosophy of mind, action and ethics. He is a professor in the Program in Cognitive Science and the Department of Philosophy at Yale University. He is most known for what is now called the ‘Knobe effect’.