bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimating the economic effect of harm associated with high risk prescribing of oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in England: population based cohort and economic modelling study
Authors: Camacho Elizabeth M , Penner Leonie S , Taylor Amy , Guthrie Bruce , Avery Anthony J , Ashcroft Darren M , Morales Daniel R , Rogers Gabriel , Chuter Antony , Elliott Rachel A
Published: July 2024

Objectives

To quantify prevalence, harms, and NHS costs in England of problematic oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) prescribing in high risk groups.

Design

Population based cohort and economic modelling study.

Setting

Economic models estimating patient harm associated with NSAID specific hazardous prescribing events, and cost to the English NHS, over a 10 year period, were combined with trends of hazardous prescribing event to estimate national levels of patient harm and NHS costs.

Participants

Eligible participants were prescribed oral NSAIDs and were in five high risk groups: older adults (≥65 years) with no gastroprotection; people who concurrently took oral anticoagulants; or those with heart failure, chronic kidney disease, or a history of peptic ulcer.

Main outcome measures

Prevalence of hazardous prescribing events, by each event and overall, discounted quality adjusted life years (QALYs) lost, and cost to the NHS in England of managing harm.

Results

QALY losses and cost increases were observed for each hazardous prescribing event (
v
no hazardous prescribing event). Mean QALYs per person were between 0.01 (95% credibility interval (CI) 0.01 to 0.02) lower with history of peptic ulcer, to 0.11 (0.04 to 0.19) lower with chronic kidney disease. Mean cost increases ranged from a non-statistically significant £14 (€17; $18) (95% CI −£71 to £98) in heart failure, to a statistically significant £1097 (£236 to £2542) in people concurrently taking anticoagulants. Prevalence of hazardous prescribing events per 1000 patients ranged from 0.11 in people who have had a peptic ulcer to 1.70 in older adults. Nationally, the most common hazardous prescribing event (older adults with no gastroprotection) resulted in 1929 (1416 to 2452) QALYs lost, costing £2.46m (£0.65m to £4.68m). The greatest impact was in people concurrently taking oral anticoagulants: 2143 (894 to 4073) QALYs lost, costing £25.41m (£5.25m to £60.01m). Over 10 years, total QALYs lost were estimated to be 6335 (4471 to 8658) and an NHS cost for England of £31.43m (£9.28m to £67.11m).

Conclusions

NSAIDs continue to be a source of avoidable harm and healthcare cost in these five high risk populations, especially in inducing an acute event in people with chronic condition and people taking oral anticoagulants.
Developing a nomogram model for 3-month prognosis in patients who had an acute ischaemic stroke after intravenous thrombolysis: a multifactor logistic regression model approach
Authors: Li Yinglei , Li Litao , Qie Tao
Published: July 2024

Objectives

This study is to establish a nomination graph model for individualised early prediction of the 3-month prognosis of patients who had an acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) receiving intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator.

Design

For the period from January 2016 through August 2022, 991 patients who had an acute stroke eligible for intravenous thrombolysis were included in the retrospective analysis study. The study was based on multifactor logistic regression.

Participants

Patients who received treatment from January 2016 to February 2021 were included in the training cohort, and those who received treatment from March 2021 to August 2022 were included in the testing cohort.

Interventions

Each patient received intravenous thrombolysis within 4.5 hours of onset, with treatment doses divided into standard doses (0.9 mg/kg).

Primary and secondary outcome measures

The primary outcome measure was a 3-month adverse outcome (modified Rankin Scale 3–6).

Results

The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Score after thrombolysis (OR=1.18; 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.36; p = 0.015), door-to-needle time (OR=1.01; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.02; p = 0.003), baseline blood glucose (OR=1.08; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.16; p=0.042), blood homocysteine (OR=7.14; 95% CI: 4.12 to 12.71; p<0.001), monocytes (OR=0.05; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.043; p=0.005) and monocytes/high-density lipoprotein (OR=62.93; 95% CI: 16.51 to 283.08; p<0.001) were independent predictors of adverse outcomes 3 months after intravenous thrombolysis, and the above six factors were included in the nominated DGHM2N nomogram. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value of the training cohort was 0.870 (95% CI: 0.841 to 0.899) and in the testing cohort was 0.822 (95% CI: 0.769 to 0.875).

Conclusions

A reliable nomogram model (DGHM2N model) was developed and validated in this study. This nomogram could individually predict the adverse outcome of patients who had an AIS receiving intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase for 3 months.
Assessing the effectiveness of “BETTER Women”, a community-based, primary care-linked peer health coaching programme for chronic disease prevention: protocol for a pragmatic, wait-list controlled, type 1 hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial
Authors: Kithulegoda Natasha , Williams Camille , Senthilmurugan Aranee , Aimola Sabrina , Atkinson John , Banerjee Ananya Tina , Bazeghi Farnaz , Bender Jacqueline L , Flynn Susan , Ghatage Lena , Goulbourne Elaine , Grunfeld Eva , Heisey Ruth , Rao Anjana , Sutcliffe Kaylyn , Lofters Aisha , Ivers Noah M
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The Building on Existing Tools to Improve Cancer and Chronic Disease Prevention and Screening in Primary Care (BETTER) programme trains allied health professionals working in primary care settings to develop personalised chronic disease ‘prevention prescriptions’ with patients. However, maintenance of health behaviour changes is difficult without ongoing support. Sustainable options to enhance the BETTER programme and ensure accessibility to underserved populations are needed. We designed the BETTER Women programme, which uses a digital app to match patients with a trained peer health coach (PHC) who provides ongoing support for health behaviour change after receipt of a BETTER prevention prescription in primary care.

Methods and analysis

We will conduct a type 1 hybrid implementation-effectiveness patient-randomised trial. Interested women aged 40–68 years will be recruited from three large, sociodemographically distinct primary care clinics (urban, suburban and rural). Patients will be randomised 1:1 to intervention or wait-list control after receipt of their BETTER prevention prescription. We will aim to recruit 204 patients per group (408 total). Effectiveness will be assessed by the primary outcome of targeted behaviours achieved for each participant at 6 months, consisting of three cancer screening tests (cervical, breast and colorectal) and four behavioural determinants of cancer and chronic disease (diet, smoking, alcohol use and physical activity). Data will be collected through patient survey and clinical chart review, measured at 3, 6 and 12 months. Implementation outcomes will be assessed through patient surveys and interviews with patients, peer health coaches and healthcare providers. An embedded economic evaluation will examine cost per quality-adjusted life-year and per additional health behavioural targets achieved.

Ethics and dissemination

This study has been approved by Women’s College Hospital Research Ethics Board (REB), the Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre REB and the University of Toronto REB. All participants will provide informed consent prior to enrolment. Participation is voluntary and withdrawal will have no impact on the usual care received from their primary care provider. The results of this trial will be published in peer-reviewed journals and shared via conference presentations. Deidentified datasets will be shared on request, after publication of results.

Trial registration number

NCT04746859.
Intersection of adverse childhood experiences, suicide and overdose prevention
Authors: Austin Anna E , DePadilla Lara , Niolon Phyllis , Stone Deborah , Bacon Sarah
Published: July 2024

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), suicide and overdose are linked across the life course and across generations and share common individual-, interpersonal-, community- and societal-level risk factors. The purpose of this review is to summarise the shared aetiology of these public health issues, synthesise evidence regarding potential community- and societal-level prevention strategies and discuss future research and practice directions.

Growing evidence shows the potential for community- and societal-level programmes and policies, including higher minimum wage; expanded Medicaid eligibility; increased earned income tax credits, child tax credits and temporary assistance for needy families benefits; Paid Family Leave; greater availability of affordable housing and rental assistance; and increased participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), to contribute to ACEs, suicide and overdose prevention. Considerations for future prevention efforts include (1) expanding the evidence base through rigorous research and evaluation; (2) assessing the implications of prevention strategies for equity; (3) incorporating a relational health perspective; (4) enhancing community capacity to implement, scale and sustain evidenced-informed prevention strategies; and (5) acknowledging that community- and societal-level prevention strategies are longer-term strategies.
Analysis of the Quality of PE Classroom Teaching with Multimedia Technology
Authors: Jian Lin
Published: July 2024

The application of multimedia technology in physical education classroom teaching has become increasingly widespread. It not only enriches teaching methods and makes the classroom more lively and interesting, but also enhances students’ learning interest and participation. Through multimedia technology, teachers can more intuitively display the essentials of actions, helping students better understand and learn. In addition, multimedia technology can also provide rich information resources to help students understand more sports knowledge and improve their overall quality. This paper introduces the basic concepts and characteristics of multimedia technology, including its interactivity, integration and innovation. Then, the application status of multimedia technology in physical education is deeply analyzed, and the main problems in teaching practice are revealed, such as the lack of technical equipment, the lack of teachers’ technical ability and the lack of teaching resources. Then, from three aspects of teaching content, teaching method and teaching effect, the influence of multimedia technology on PE classroom teaching quality is analyzed in detail. Physical education teachers should actively guide students to participate in multimedia learning, such as through interactive games, online discussions, etc., to stimulate students’ interest and initiative in learning, and improve learning effectiveness. Physical education teachers need to continuously learn and improve their multimedia technology application abilities, and master the latest teaching techniques and tools, in order to better integrate multimedia technology into classroom teaching. Schools can establish a multimedia teaching resource library to centrally manage excellent multimedia teaching resources, facilitate teachers to search and use, and improve teaching efficiency. Including strengthening equipment investment, improving teachers’ technical ability and developing high quality teaching resources.
A Self-Distilled Learning to Rank Model for
Ad Hoc
Retrieval
Authors: Keshvari Sanaz , Saeedi Farzan , Sadoghi Yazdi Hadi , Ensan Faezeh
Published: July 2024

Learning to rank models are broadly applied in
ad hoc
retrieval for scoring and sorting documents based on their relevance to textual queries. The generalizability of the trained model in the learning to rank approach, however, can have an impact on the retrieval performance, particularly when data includes noise and outliers, or is incorrectly collected or measured. In this paper, we introduce a Self-Distilled Learning to Rank (SDLR) framework for
ad hoc
retrieval, and analyze its performance over a range of retrieval datasets and also in the presence of features’ noise. SDLR assigns a confidence weight to each training sample, aiming at reducing the impact of noisy and outlier data in the training process. The confidence weight is approximated based on the feature’s distributions derived from the values observed for the features of the documents labeled for a query in a listwise training sample. SDLR includes a distillation process that facilitates passing on the underlying patterns in assigning confidence weights from the teacher model to the student one. We empirically illustrate that SDLR outperforms state-of-the-art learning to rank models in
ad hoc
retrieval. We thoroughly investigate the SDLR performance in different settings including when no distillation strategy is applied; when different portion of data are used for training the teacher and the student models, and when both teacher and student models are trained over identical data. We show that SDLR is more effective when training data are split between a teacher and a student model. We also show that SDLR’s performance is robust when data features are noisy.
The Psychometric Properties of the Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Screening Acceptability Assessment (DMSA) Scale among General Population
Authors: Al-Gadi Iman S. , Albalawi Amirah D. , Al Khalifah Reem A.
Published: July 2024

Background. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) screening facilitates access to early intervention and prevention of severe complications, such as diabetic ketoacidosis. Despite its significance, many countries lack a systematic T1DM screening program. Understanding how the public perceives T1DM screening for children is essential for successfully implementing such programs but is currently an area with limited research. Our study aims to fill this gap by developing a standardized tool designed to assess the acceptability of T1DM screening programs for children, focusing on caregiver perspectives within the general population. Materials and Methods. We developed the Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Screening Acceptability (DMSA) scale based on the theoretical framework of acceptability and integrated components from the Pediatric Testing Attitudes Scale‐Diabetes (P‐TAS‐D). It covers a broad spectrum of acceptability constructs. The DMSA scale underwent iterative modifications following expert feedback to refine clarity and content validity. We tested the scale in both Arabic and English with adults living in Saudi Arabia, regardless of their parental status, focusing on the potential of screening their children. The psychometric strengths of the scale were evaluated through reliability analyses and exploratory factor analysis. Results. Of the 599 participants, the majority were female (89.2%), with a mean age of 35.9 ± 8.6 years. The final DMSA scale consists of 10 items, with two distinct factors: “individual acceptability” and “psychosocial acceptability.” The mean total score was 42.9 ± 5.1 across a potential range of 10–50 points. The English and Arabic versions of the scale demonstrated strong reliability, with Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.84 and 0.79, respectively. Conclusions. The DMSA scale emerges as a valid and reliable tool for gauging the acceptability of the general population of screening children for T1DM. It integrates key elements of the acceptability construct, pivotal for guiding the implementation of culturally sensitive T1DM screening initiatives. Future research should expand its application across various cultural settings and examine the correlation between scale scores and actual screening behaviors.
Diversity and Species Composition of Midgut Symbiotic Bacteria in Culex quinquefasciatus Mosquitoes in Gampaha District, Sri Lanka
Authors: Hathnagoda Randi , Gunathilake Pinidi , Buddhinee Thilini , Welgama Pabasara , Gunarathna Hasini , Perera Harshani , Ranasinghe Koshila
Published: July 2024

Mosquitoes, notorious for their deadly impact as disease vectors, also hold economic value owing to their roles in disease transmission. The present study focuses on the importance of understanding mosquito gut microbiota for implementing innovative vector control strategies, thereby mitigating disease transmission. The study was conducted in the Gampaha Medical Office of Health (MOH) area of Sri Lanka with the focus of elucidating the microbial diversity within the midgut of Culex quinquefasciatus, a crucial step to support ongoing paratransgenesis efforts. Sampling was performed by utilizing standard mosquito sampling techniques and their midgut homogenates were plated on Plate Count Agar to isolate bacteria, which were then identified through biochemical tests. Subsequently, the most abundant bacterial families were subjected to DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and gene sequencing for species identification. The study revealed the presence of four bacterial families (Staphylococcaceae, Streptococcaceae, Neisseriaceae, and Moraxellaceae) in adult mosquitoes, while larvae harbored an additional family, Micrococcaceae. Interestingly, the relative distribution of midgut bacteria varied significantly among field‐caught larval and adult strains from different study areas (chi‐square = 1.673; P < 0.05), indicating similar bacterial flora across mosquito life stages and geographical locations. Of particular interest is the identification of Lysinibacillus sphaericus, a bacterium with potential for paratransgenesis applications. Given the high mosquito density in the study area, leveraging paratransgenesis for Cx. quinquefasciatus control is recommended. Furthermore, insights into gut microbes could inform the integration of gut microflora from modified strains into existing Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) and Incompatible Insect Technique (IIT) approaches in Sri Lanka.
The Revalorization of Fishery By‐Products: Types, Bioactive Compounds, and Food Applications
Authors: Jimenez-Champi Diana , Romero-Orejon Frank L. , Muñoz Ana María , Ramos-Escudero Fernando
Published: July 2024

Recently, fish consumption has been increasing; subsequently, the number of by‐products has also increased. However, generated residues are frequently discarded, and an appropriate management is necessary to properly use all fish by‐products. Fishery by‐products are well known for their content of bioactive compounds, such as unsaturated fatty acids, amino acids, minerals, peptides, enzymes, gelatin, collagen, and chitin. Several studies have reported that fishery by‐products could provide significant properties, including antioxidant, antihypertensive, antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, and antiobesity. Consequently, fish discards are of considerable interest to different industrial sectors, including food, nutraceuticals, medical, and pharmacology. In the food industry, the interest in using fishery by‐products is focused on hydrolysates as food additives, collagen and gelatin as protein sources, chitin and chitosan to form edible films to protect food during storage, and oils as a source of Omega‐3 and useful as antioxidants. Although different studies reported good results with the use of these by‐products, identifying new applications in the food sector, as well as industrial applications, remains necessary.
Supplementary Video S1 from DINC 2.0: A New Protein–Peptide Docking Webserver Using an Incremental Approach
Authors: Antunes Dinler A. , Moll Mark , Devaurs Didier , Jackson Kyle R. , Lizée Gregory , Kavraki Lydia E.
Published: July 2024

Quick re-docking with DINC. Narrated screencast demonstrating how to reproduce a known protein-ligand binding mode using the DINC 2.0 webserver. The crystal structure of an HIV-1 protease enzyme bound to a 12 DoFs drug inhibitor is used as an example for this video tutorial (PDB code 1OHR).
Data from dcmqi: An Open Source Library for Standardized Communication of Quantitative Image Analysis Results Using DICOM
Authors: Herz Christian , Fillion-Robin Jean-Christophe , Onken Michael , Riesmeier Jörg , Lasso Andras , Pinter Csaba , Fichtinger Gabor , Pieper Steve , Clunie David , Kikinis Ron , Fedorov Andriy
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Quantitative analysis of clinical image data is an active area of research that holds promise for precision medicine, early assessment of treatment response, and objective characterization of the disease. Interoperability, data sharing, and the ability to mine the resulting data are of increasing importance, given the explosive growth in the number of quantitative analysis methods being proposed. The Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard is widely adopted for image and metadata in radiology. dcmqi (DICOM for Quantitative Imaging) is a free, open source library that implements conversion of the data stored in commonly used research formats into the standard DICOM representation. dcmqi source code is distributed under BSD-style license. It is freely available as a precompiled binary package for every major operating system, as a Docker image, and as an extension to 3D Slicer. Installation and usage instructions are provided in the GitHub repository at https://github.com/qiicr/dcmqi. Cancer Res; 77(21); e87–90. ©2017 AACR.
Figure 4 from N-Myristoytransferase Inhibition Causes Mitochondrial Iron Overload and Parthanatos in TIM17A-Dependent Aggressive Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Geroyska Sofia , Mejia Isabel , Chan Alfred A. , Navarrete Marian , Pandey Vijaya , Kharpatin Samuel , Noguti Juliana , Wang Feng , Srole Daniel , Chou Tsui-Fen , Wohlschlegel James , Nemeth Elizabeta , Damoiseaux Robert , Shackelford David B. , Lee Delphine J. , Díaz Begoña
Published: July 2024

NMTi treatment induces parthanatos in (KL/K)MUT lung carcinoma cells. A, Ultrastructure of (KL/K)MUT cells treated with 1 μmol/L DDD85646 (NMTi) or vehicle control for 72 hours. Bottom, Magnification of areas in the squares. Arrowheads, mitochondria. Bars, 1 μm (top) and 0.5 μm (bottom). B, Diagram of the parthanatos components. C, Detection of PARylation (PAR) by immunoblotting in lysates from (KL/K)MUT cells treated with 1 μmol/L PCLX-001 (NMTi) for 72 hours. Actin, loading control. D, Detection of PARylation (PAR) by immunoblotting in lysates from (KL/K)MUT H460 and (KL/K)WT H1437 cells expressing Tet-inducible NMT1 shRNA treated with or without Dox. GAPDH, loading control. Note that GAPDH is identical to that in Fig. 1E because the same membrane was used to stain NMT1 and PAR. E, MIF subcellular localization in (KL/K)MUT H1792 cells treated with vehicle control of 1 μmol/L PCLX-001 (NMTi) for 96 hours and processed for immunofluorescence using a MIF antibody. Representative images are shown. Bar, 5 μm in left column, 15 μm in right column. F, AIF1 immunoblotting in cytoplasmic and nuclear lysates of (KL/K)MUT H460 treated with 1 μmol/L PCLX-001 (NMTi) o vehicle for 72 hours. Tubulin and lamin staining were used to verify fraction purity. (*) non-specific band. G, AIF immunofluorescence in tumor sections from (KL/K)MUT H460 xenografts from animals treated with 25 mg/kg PCLX-001 (NMTi) or vehicle control. Arrowheads, nuclear AIF. Bar, 10 μm. H, Cell viability (live/dead reagent) in (KL/K)MUT H460 cells treated with 1 μmol/L PCLX-001 (NMTi) or vehicle control and 20 μmol/L olaparib for 72 hours. Representative fluorescent images are shown. Bar, 30 μm. Graph, percentage of dead cells calculated from at least 5,000 cells per condition. Crossbar, group mean; error bars, SEM. ****, P < 0.0001 (Student t test).
Figure 2 from N-Myristoytransferase Inhibition Causes Mitochondrial Iron Overload and Parthanatos in TIM17A-Dependent Aggressive Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Geroyska Sofia , Mejia Isabel , Chan Alfred A. , Navarrete Marian , Pandey Vijaya , Kharpatin Samuel , Noguti Juliana , Wang Feng , Srole Daniel , Chou Tsui-Fen , Wohlschlegel James , Nemeth Elizabeta , Damoiseaux Robert , Shackelford David B. , Lee Delphine J. , Díaz Begoña
Published: July 2024

NMT inhibition causes mitochondrial ferrous iron accumulation and increases ROS in (KL/K)MUT but not (KL/K)WT lung carcinoma cells. A, TfR1 and DAPI staining on (KL/K)MUT H460 cells treated with 0.5 μmol/L DDD85646 (NMTi) or vehicle for 72 hours. Images were inverted for clarity. Right column, amplification of the area in the square in the middle column. Bar, 15 μm in left and middle columns, 5 μm in right column. (*), endocytic recycling compartment. Arrowheads, intracellular TfR1 clusters. B, Cytoplasmic ferrous iron measured using FerroOrange in H460 cells (KL/K)MUT treated with 0.5 μmol/L DDD85646 (NMTi) or vehicle for the indicated times. Two independent experiments with four technical replicates each were combined. Deferoxamine (DFO, 7 μmol/L) was used as negative control. Fluorescence was normalized to cell number and expressed as arbitrary units (a.u.). Bar, group mean; error bars, SD. **, P = 0.0014; ***, P = 0.0002; ns = not significant (Student t test). C, Mitochondrial ferrous iron (Mito-FerroGreen) measured in (KL/K)MUT and (KL/K)WT lung carcinoma cells treated with 1 μmol/L DDD85646 or vehicle for 24 hours. Signal intensity was quantified in randomly imaged fields containing at least 200 cells per condition. Bar, group mean; error bars, SEM; a.u., arbitrary units. ***, P = 0.0002; ns, not significant (Student t test). Representative images are shown. Bar, 15 μm. D, ROS detected using DCFH-DA in (KL/K)MUT and (KL/K)WT lung carcinoma cells treated with 1 μmol/L DDD85646 for the indicated times. Signal intensity was quantified in randomly imaged fields containing at least 720 cells per condition. Bars, mean; error bars, SEM; a.u., arbitrary units. *, P = 0.0202; ****; P < 0.0001, **; P = 0.0017; ns, not significant (Student t test). Representative images from 72 hours of treatment are shown. Bar, 30 μm.
Cannabinoid Awareness, Reporting Use to Health Care Providers, and Perceptions Regarding Safety – Pennsylvania, March 2023–April 2023
Authors: Kocis Paul T. , Mallinson Daniel J. , Servinsky Jr. Timothy J.
Published: July 2024

Introduction: With the continued societal and policy interest in cannabinoids, the Penn State Harrisburg Center for Survey Research (CSR) conducted a web survey (Cannabinoid Lion Poll) for adult-aged Pennsylvanians between March 6 and April 2, 2023. Methods: The Lion Poll omnibus survey asked questions of adult-aged Pennsylvanians to assess awareness of cannabidiol (CBD) and products containing tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), including marijuana, the likelihood of reporting cannabinoid use to health care providers (HCPs), and perceptions regarding safety. Results: Of these 1,045 respondents, 51.2% were female; 83.0% were white, non-Hispanic; and 48.6% and 27.5% were within the 35–64-year and 18–34-year age ranges, respectively. Of the respondents, 52.1% and 53.9% told their HCPs they took CBD or products containing THC, respectively. Alcohol was perceived by the large proportion of respondents as unsafe (47.3%), followed by products containing THC (25.2%), anxiety/depression medications (21.7%), CBD (16.1%), and over-the-counter (OTC) pain medications (8.1%). Most combinations were perceived to be unsafe when asked to consider the safety of taking them with other prescription medications. Again, alcohol was perceived to be unsafe by the largest proportion (77.4%), followed by anxiety/depression medications (43.2%), products containing THC (42.6%), CBD (33.4%), and then OTC pain medications (24.8%). Conclusions: Adult-aged Pennsylvanians perceive CBD and THC containing products as safer than alcohol. There is considerable underreporting of cannabinoid use to HCPs, and therefore significant implications for patient safety. It remains vital that HCPs have open communications with their patients about cannabinoid use.
Herpes zoster oftálmico em paciente pediátrico: um relato de caso
Authors: Andrade Matheus Carvalho Nascimento de , Costa Clara Soares , Bomtempo Gabriel Campos , Fernandes Herbert José , Coelho Amanda Maria e Silva , Montoro Pedro de Moura Campos
Published: July 2024

O herpes vírus (HHV) é uma família heterogênea, que apresenta oito tipos distintos de vírus, podendo causar diferentes manifestações em humanos. Este relato de caso abordará sobre a infecção em um paciente pediátrico pelo tipo 3 (HHV-3), denominado vírus varicela zoster (VVZ). Paciente, sexo masculino, oito anos de idade, com cartão de vacina atualizado, chegou ao pronto atendimento, acompanhado pela mãe, com queixa de aparecimento de lesões papulares em hemiface esquerda e febre de 38°C, há um dia. Recebeu avaliação inicial com indicação de uso de sintomáticos e Aciclovir de uso tópico, seguida de alta hospitalar. Retornou ao pronto atendimento com quadro de cefaleia e vômitos em jato.  Foi internado em enfermaria pediátrica para a coleta do líquor, que não demonstrou alterações, e iniciado Aciclovir endovenoso. Intercorreu com infecção bacteriana secundária nas lesões, sendo iniciado antibioticoterapia com Oxacilina. Evoluiu com boa resposta clínica, recebendo alta para acompanhamento ambulatorial. O presente relato expôs a infecção por HZ em um paciente de oito anos de idade, faixa etária de baixa incidência da doença. O caso ressalta a importância do diagnóstico precoce e elucida o impacto do atraso no tratamento.
Esquizofrenia catatônica: relato de caso
Authors: Correia Emanuel de Freitas , Eugênio Igor Guedes , Andrade Kelly Cristina Lira de , Correia Esiane de Freitas , Peixoto Audenis Lima de Aguiar
Published: July 2024

Descrever um caso de Esquizofrenia Catatônica em jovem. Metodologia: O relato de caso é de caráter observacional e foi aprovado pelo Comitê de ética de uma Instituição Pública de Alagoas. O caso foi acompanhado no Ambulatório de Saúde Mental Dr. Alberto Magalhães inserido no complexo do Hospital Escola Portugal Ramalho. O paciente foi recrutado por busca ativa e informado, assim como a sua responsável, acerca das informações relativas à pesquisa. A partir da autorização assinada, que foi solicitada pelos pesquisadores através de entrevista baseada nos princípios de consulta médica, estando presente todos os orientandos e um dos orientadores. Realizou-se consulta de fonte secundária de dados e utilização das informações clínicas de admissão, internação e resumo de alta, registrados em prontuários revisados no Hospital, cuja identificação do participante permaneceu resguardada. Relato de Caso: Paciente sexo masculino, 28 anos, solteiro, sem filhos. Acompanhado pela mãe que relata episódios de “surtos” recentes, tendo invadido igrejas, estabelecimentos e destruído patrimônios. Refere ainda agitação psicomotora e agressividade. Apresenta discurso incompreensível e indiferença às perguntas realizadas. Por vezes, ficando em silêncio e inerte. Outras, com solilóquio e mudança no tom da voz. Não aceitava medicações, estava inquieto e saía diversas vezes de casa com dromomania. Aproximadamente há 15 dias, começou a não tomar banho e ficar sem comer, aceitando apenas água.  Discussão: O diagnóstico prévio de esquizofrenia fortaleceu a principal hipótese diagnóstica de estado catatônico relacionado à esquizofrenia. Nota-se que houve acometimento acentuado das integridades mental, física e social, uma vez que o paciente não se alimentava corretamente, possuía higiene pessoal prejudicada, postura e atitude inadequadas, com atividade motora baseada em estereotipias e maneirismos, além de furor catatônico, estupor, negativismo e obediência automática. Conclusões: Portanto, manejar a esquizofrenia, e ser conhecedor das variadas apresentações, possibilita assistência de qualidade, proporcionando um bem-estar digno ao indivíduo.
Através das imagens: Fotografias intervencionadas e desenhos no caderno de campo
Authors: Negruzzi Guido Andrés
Published: July 2024

Based on a proposal for an exhibition, which cuts across anthropology and art, in the city of Petrópolis, I began to rethink the ethnographic fieldwork diary through images. The concept structured around an attempt to confront the hegemony of the text, reaffirming the importance of visual reproductions, not only as a reinforcement of words, but also in dialogue with them. In this case, I am presenting some of the drawings and intervening photographs exhibited at that meeting.
Taxonomic status of Xyrosaris melanopsamma Meyrick, 1931 (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) with notes on congeneric species in East Asia
Authors: PONOMARENKO MARGARITA G. , SINEV SERGEY YU.
Published: July 2024

The species Xyrosaris melanopsamma Meyrick, 1931, stat. rev. is reinstated from synonymy with X. lichneuta Meyrick, 1918 based on morphological analysis of the female genitalia. The association of conspecific males and females of X. melanopsamma is confirmed by molecular analysis using a fragment of the mtCOI gene and by studying material reared from larvae collected in the local population on Rikord Island. The genitalia of both sexes are illustrated. The recently described species X. vaginata Bae et Na, 2024 is treated as a junior subjective synonym of X. melanopsamma Meyrick, 1931. An annotated checklist of Xyrosaris spp. from East Asia is provided.
Taxonomic revision of the owlfly genus Glyptobasis McLachlan, 1873 (Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae) from India and its adjacent countries
Authors: SURYANARAYANAN THANGALAZHI BALAKRISHNAN , ÁBRAHÁM LEVENTE , BIJOY CHENTHAMARAKSHAN
Published: July 2024

Species of the owlfly genus Glyptobasis McLachlan, 1873 from India and its adjacent countries are revised. Two species, Glyptobasis dentifera (Westwood, 1847) and Glyptobasis nigrifrons Kimmins, 1949 are redescribed based on freshly collected specimens from Kerala, India. The status of all Glyptobasis species reported from the Oriental region is revised. Lectotypes and paralectotypes of Glyptobasis dentifera (Westwood, 1847 and Glyptobasis spinicornis van der Weele, 1909 are currently designated after comparison to the type specimens in different collections. Glyptobasis denticornis Kimmins, 1949 (syn. n.) is a new junior synonym of Glyptobasis spinicornis van der Weele, 1909. A key to six species of Glyptobasis is provided. Based on the relevant literature, the known distribution of each species and the flight period of the imagos are given.
The Internal Structure and Influence Mechanism of Double Qualified-Teachers’ Quality and Competence
Authors: Cheng Qi , Zhao Liu , Li Weijun
Published: July 2024

The construction of a “double qualified-teacher” teacher team in higher education institutions is the key to improving the quality of talent cultivation, and the research on the structure and mechanism of double qualified-teacher quality and ability is of great value to the deepening of theory and practical application. This study empirically explores the connotation structure and influence mechanism of double qualified-teacher quality and competence by adopting the Modified Formal Delphi Method and Structural Equation Modeling. Through expert interviews and SPSS data analysis, a diamond model of the connotative structure of “double qualified-teacher” teacher quality and competence is proposed, including four dimensions of professional knowledge, professional ethics, teaching and practice ability, and educational philosophy, with 32 subdivided items. The structural equation modeling method was used to study the key factors affecting double qualified-teacher quality and competence formation. The principle of interaction between the factors and the results showed that the teacher’s “motivation to participate” as an intrinsic factor is important for the effectiveness of training methods and the improvement of double-qualified teacher quality and competence. The results show that teachers’ motivation to participate, as an intrinsic factor, has a significant positive effect on both “effectiveness of training methods” and “enhancement of double qualified-teacher competence,” while “effectiveness of training methods,” as an extrinsic factor, has a significant positive effect on “enhancement of double qualified-teacher competence.” From the perspective of explicit variables, improving the teachers’ teaching ability and the students’ progress have the greatest influence on the motivation to participate, and theory and practice training and professional competition have a more pronounced influence on the training effect.
Can Human Reading Validate a Topic Model?
Authors: Zhang Bolun , Zhou Yimang , Li Dai
Published: July 2024

Validation is at the heart of methodological discussions about topic modeling. The authors argue that validation based on human reading hinges on distinctive words and readers’ labeling of a topic, and it overlooks the probability of conflicting results from semantically similar models, such as regressions or other methods. This runs counter to the presumption that topic modeling can reveal features of documents that have some measurable association with social aspects outside the text. The authors develop a similar topic identifying procedure to verify that semantically similar solutions yield similar results in further analysis. The authors argue that future validations of topic modeling must consider such procedures.
A novel disturbance observer–based integral sliding mode control method for frequency regulation in power systems
Authors: Zhang Boming , Zhang Xinan , Chau Tat Kei , Iu Herbert
Published: July 2024

This paper introduces a novel sliding mode controller to regulate frequency within a decentralized control framework. The decentralized frequency regulation model is a continuous-time linear system with mismatch disturbance that cannot be effectively removed. The proposed method combines the sliding mode and active disturbance rejection theories to reject the effects of mismatched disturbances with the aid of a disturbance observer to achieve a fully decentralized frequency regulation control. Furthermore, the sliding variables can be directly computed using the proposed steady-state method. In addition, by incorporating a constant delay into the input of the sliding mode controller, the transient performance is improved, resulting in a smaller overshoot and a shorter response time. Specifically, the proposed method demonstrated enhancements over the liner active disturbance rejection algorithm (5.04% and 54.4%, respectively), conventional proportional integral derivative method (5.09% and 68.03%, respectively), disturbance observer–based integral sliding mode control method (6.59% and 84.34%, respectively), and disturbance observer–based adaptive integral sliding mode control method (5.93% and 82.47%) in terms of both overshoot and response time.
Virtual inertia control of isolated microgrids using GWO-optimized modified IMC controller
Authors: Prabhakar Kumar , Jain Sachin K , Padhy Prabin Kumar
Published: July 2024

To meet the rising energy needs of the world, the participation of renewable energy sources (RESs) in the power system has been boosted exponentially, primarily due to environmental issues. Islanded operation of power grids as microgrids (MGs) is more common now. Although this has several advantages, the diminished inertia constant has emerged as one of the serious consequences of high penetration level of RESs and islanded operations, which worsens the frequency stability with a higher value of rate of change of frequency (RoCoF). To address this issue, this article proposes a modified form of internal model control (IMC)-based virtual inertia (VI) control, which provides the necessary VI power in low inertia MG, regulates the system’s frequency deviation and prevents system instability. The proposed controller has been optimally designed through the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) algorithm with integral time absolute error (ITAE) as the cost function. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller, a comparative analysis with existing methods, such as a conventional VI controller, VI emulator based on model-predictive controller, MATLAB-based IMC tuning algorithm for proportional–integral (PI) and proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller is given under different disturbance and operating conditions. Compared with the conventional VI control method, the frequency deviation has been reduced by almost 80.91% when using the proposed method, for normal operating conditions of system inertia and load damping. Similarly, 79.13% and 73.93% have been reduced in frequency deviation for medium and low operating conditions of system inertia and load damping, respectively. The outcomes from MATLAB simulation show that the given controller offers better frequency responses with improved transient response in comparison with other controllers.
Perioperative risks associated with administration of andexanet alfa during emergency cardiac surgery with circulatory arrest
Authors: Gikandi Ajami , Connors Jean M. , Nabzdyk Christoph G. , Zenati Marco A.
Published: July 2024

This case report describes the perioperative course of a patient undergoing emergency repair of acute type A thoracic aortic dissection. Andexanet alfa was administered intraoperatively to obtain a dry operative field for right axillary artery exposure and cannulation. Andexanet alfa-induced heparin resistance resulted in cardiopulmonary bypass circuit and pericardial thrombosis requiring more than 400,000 units of unfractionated heparin and antithrombin III to overcome. Postoperatively, excessive chest tube output was observed secondary to protracted heparin rebound requiring continuous dosing of protamine. This case demonstrates the significant challenging perioperative, not just intraoperative, hazards associated with intraoperative andexanet alfa use during emergency cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.
Torque and power of knee extensor muscles at individualized isokinetic angular velocities
Authors: Hong Jiheon , Woo Jonggeun , Jeon Jeongwoo
Published: July 2024

Objective

Existing isokinetic contractions are characterized using standardized angular velocities, which can induce differing adaptations. Here, we characterized the variation in the isokinetic parameters of knee extensors according to individualized angular velocity (IAV).

Methods

We performed a cross-sectional study of 19 young, healthy men. We measured the maximum angular velocity (MAV) of concentric knee extension using the isotonic mode of an isokinetic dynamometer. Isometric and isokinetic (at angular velocities corresponding to 100%, 70%, 40%, and 10% of each individual’s MAV) knee extensor contractions were performed, and the peak torque and mean power were recorded.

Results

Peak torque significantly decreased with increasing IAV (129.42 ± 25.04, 84.37 ± 20.97, and 56.42 ± 16.18 Nm at 40%, 70%, and 100%, respectively), except for isometric contraction (233.36 ± 47.85) and at 10% of MAV (208 ± 48.55). At the mean power, 10% of MAV (74.52 ± 20.84 W) was significantly lower than the faster IAV (176.32 ± 49.64, 161.53 ± 56.55, and 145.95 ± 50.64 W at 40%, 70%, and 100%, respectively), and 100% was significantly lower than 40%.

Conclusion

The optimized IAV for isokinetic contraction to improve power output while maintaining torque is 10% to 40% of MAV. IAV may reflect both the velocity and force components of power because individuals do not have the same angular velocity.
Toward a More Gender-Inclusive Sexual Experiences Survey: Development and Preliminary Validation With Transgender and Gender-Expansive Survivors of Campus Sexual Assault
Authors: Peitzmeier Sarah M. , Todd Kieran P. , Correll-King Wesley , Church Dee , Thornburgh Sarah , Adams Mackenzie P. , Koss Mary P. , Senn Charlene Y.
Published: July 2024

We adapted the Sexual Experiences Survey (SES) to be more inclusive of transgender, nonbinary, and gender-expansive people and undertook preliminary validation of the measure. We added gender-neutral language, assault types thought to be more common and more emotionally impactful among these individuals, and coercion tactics specific to transgender, nonbinary, and gender-expensive people. We piloted this Gender-Inclusive SES (GI-SES) with an online survey of transgender and gender-expansive undergraduates who experienced campus sexual assault. We assessed acceptability via rapid qualitative analysis of feedback. We gathered preliminary evidence of validity by calculating the agreement in assault type and coercion tactic between open-ended descriptions of the assault and the GI-SES response, as well as by testing four hypotheses about the relative frequency and severity of different types of assaults within the sample. Three hundred eighty-eight transgender, nonbinary, and gender-expensive students completed the survey. Qualitative responses indicated that participants felt the GI-SES was inclusive and respectful. Results were partially consistent with hypotheses supporting validity, and there was 90.9% agreement in assault type and 85.9% agreement in coercion tactics between GI-SES responses and written narratives. The GI-SES provides researchers, clinicians, and service providers with a tool, preliminarily validated with a trans and gender-diverse college sample, to capture the unique experiences of transgender, nonbinary, and gender-expensive sexual assault survivors.
Living with contradictions: A corpus-assisted analysis of grown-up left-behind children discourses in Zhihu
Authors: Liang Linlin , Wang Hongli
Published: July 2024

As the early generation of left-behind children (LBC) in China transition into adulthood and integrate into society, there is a pressing need to understand their experiences beyond the limited scope of existing research. While existing studies have predominantly focused on the short-term and long-term effects of left-behind experiences on children, there exists a notable research gap concerning grown-up LBC. This study addresses this gap by employing the corpus-assisted discourse studies (CADS) to examine the discourse of grown-up LBC on social media. By utilizing Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling, collocation and concordance analysis, and the ecological systems theory, this study unveils the challenges and opportunities encountered by grown-up LBC, along with their underlying reasons. The findings reveal a myriad of challenges experienced during their left-behind childhood, including material poverty, inadequate parental care, peer bullying, and deficiencies in family and school education. These challenges have been found to contribute to poor psychological well-being, weakened sense of family, distant relationships with parents, and difficulties in forming intimate connections for grown-up LBC. Significantly, the study also uncovers potential positive outcomes, such as the development of self-esteem, independence, and maturity. Moreover, the research highlights the intricate interactions among microsystems, mesosystems, exosystems, and macrosystems, collectively influencing the growth and development of LBC. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex factors influencing the lives of grown-up LBC.
Decoding intentions in evaluations: A discursive study of disputants’ discourses in Chinese family mediation
Authors: Li Meiqi , Jiang Ting , Zou Yuanpeng
Published: July 2024

Applying discourse analysis, this paper scrutinizes disputants’ discourses in Chinese family mediation, with an aim to reveal how evaluations are employed to manifest their intentions. By adopting a mixed method combining qualitative and quantitative methods, this article analyzes the transcriptions of six authentic recordings of family mediation sessions in Chinese mainland. The results indicate that, first, three categories of evaluations encoding intentions are identified in disputants’ discourses including ethical evaluation, affective evaluation, and informative evaluation; second, disputants’ particular intentions are decoded by their evaluations expressed through specific semantic forms. Additionally, these evaluations conveying varied intentions, are deeply motivated by Chinese socio-cultural values of mianzi (face), renqing (emotion), and guanxi (relationship).