bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Saraiki, Punjabi And Urdu: Linguistic And Literary Similarities
Authors: Muhammad Tahir Masood Barvi  , Dr. Abdul Wajid Tabasim
Published: March 2024

Along with the historical, cultural, social, anthropological and cultural evolution, there is also a change in human attitudes. The scale of its expression changes and reflects the signs of globalization on human expression attitudes. In this era of globalization where land distances are shrinking. There, translations and fast-paced life have not only developed the languages, but the common vocabulary and genres of poetry and literature have brought the languages closer to each other. This background has brought Pakistan's national language Urdu and regional languages Saraiki, Punjabi closer to each other by influencing linguistic and literary aspects. Although these three languages are complete languages in terms of grammar and spelling and also have their own distinct identity, but due to the geography and script of the same region, they have linguistic and literary  commonalities.
Subestructuración teórica: Mo-delo de Conducta Anticonceptiva en Madres Adolescentes
Authors: Rodríguez-Ávila Alejandra , Vargas-Beltrán Mariana , Luna-Ferrales Clarisa
Published: March 2024

Objetivo principal: Describir el desarrollo de un modelo de conducta anticonceptiva en madres adolescentes. Metodología: La construcción del modelo fue a través de la metodología propuesta por Dulock y Holzemer (1991), compuesta por cuatro pasos: (1) Búsqueda, revisión de la literatura e identificación de conceptos, (2) Especificación de las relaciones entre los conceptos, (3) Orden jerárquico de los conceptos de acuerdo al nivel de abstracción, y finalmente (4) Ilustrar las relaciones actuales entre variables. Resultados principales: Se integraron nuevos conceptos a la teoría madre de la Conducta Planeada como: factores psicológicos, factores cognitivos, factores sociales y la influencia familiar. Conclusión principal: El modelo puede ser de utilidad en la explicación de la conducta anticonceptiva en madres adolescentes y contribuir en la formulación de nuevas intervenciones para disminuir el embarazo no planeado.
Biogas Production from the Paddy Straw Pretreated with Sodium Hydroxide and Co-Digestion with Cow Manure
Authors: Tengku Roslina Tuan Yusof  , Muizz Zahari  , Mariam Majid  , Abdul Syafiq Abdul Syukor  , Mohd Riduan Jamalludin
Published: March 2024

Paddy straw waste (PS) is an organic waste that is disposed in open land after preparation of rice harvest that is generated in equal or greater quantities than the rice itself. Generally, it is disposed in open land, which increases anthropogenic gases. Converting it into useful energy or value-added products may reduce disposal problems and anthropogenic activity. In this study, PS with different treatments of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 2, 4, 6 , 8 and 10% was co-digested with cow dung (CD) for obtaining biogas by anaerobic digestion. For this purpose, PS was mixed with CD at different proportions, namely 50:50, 40:60, 30:70, 20:80, and 0:100 percentages on a mass basis, the samples were used in five different anaerobic digesters. The samples were kept in different anaerobic digesters for the study. The effect of important input parameters like pH and Carbon to Nitrogen (C/N) ratio on the biogas production was studied. Maximum biogas production was obtained from the co-digestion of the substrate containing 30% ps and 70% Cd for a digestion time of 20 days, and d3 shows a max pH value of 7.16. Further, the biogas collected from the digesters was characterized to ensure suitability for use as a renewable fuel. Furthermore, the digested slurry was also analyzed for its use in agriculture. The results are presented in this paper.
Insecticidal Activity of Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix) against Rice Weevil (Sitophylus oryzae)
Authors: Adila Fazliyana Aili Hamzah  , Nurhadijah Zainalabidin  , Nor Hidawati Elias
Published: March 2024

The aim of this study is to analyze the potential use of kaffir lime leaves and peel extract as bioinsecticides against rice weevils. The assessment of bioinsecticidal activity was studied through contact activity, repellency, antifeedant, and progeny and growth development tests. Contact activity tests resulted in increased adult mortality with increased extract concentrations from 10 to 50 mg/L after 24 hours. The leaf extract (LC50=18 mg/L) showed a higher mortality rate compared to fruit peel extracts (LC50=54 mg/L), with 100 % and 60 % mortality, respectively. The leaf extracts with a mean repellency of 68 % significantly repelled rice weevils compared to the 42 % repellency of fruit peel extracts. The leaf extract was classified in repellency class IV, while the peel extract was in repellency class II. With the use of Kaffir lime leaf extracts, F1 adults were completely suppressed at 20 mg/L concentration of leaf extract with a 100 % inhibition rate.
Automatic Monitoring of Class A Pan Evaporation using the Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Mohd Fauzie Jusoh  , Muhammad Firdaus Abdul Muttalib  , Nur Sakinah Saedin  , Mohd Mahmud
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to assess suitable water level sensor types and implement the automated monitoring of water levels within a Class A pan evaporation system using the Internet of Things (IoT). Both analogue and ultrasonic water level sensors underwent testing in controlled laboratory conditions for performance analysis. The results showed that the analogue water level sensor exhibited suboptimal output sensor responses compared to the ultrasonic sensor, primarily due to its susceptibility to variations in solution types and immersion depths. In contrast, ultrasonic sensors demonstrated strong performance with acceptable error rates, as evidenced by the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 1.03, Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 1.42, and Coefficient of Determination (R²) of 0.94 during laboratory testing. However, the ultrasonic sensor's performance was somewhat reduced during field testing, exhibiting accuracy levels ranging from 6.7% to 51.2% within a greenhouse environment during rock melon cultivation. These discoveries highlight the feasibility of using ultrasonic sensors with environmental calibration to automate real-time evaporation measurements towards precision irrigation practices.
Tourism In OIC Countries
Authors: Abrista Devi
Published: March 2024

This study aims to look at the development of research on "Tourism in OIC" worldwide and research plans that can be carried out based on published journals with this theme. This study used a qualitative method with a bibliometric analysis approach. The data used is secondary data with the theme "Tourism in OIC" from the Scopus database with a total of 655 journal articles. Then, the data is processed and analyzed using the VosViewer application to know the bibliometric map of the development of "Tourism in OIC" research worldwide. The results of the study found that in the bibliometric author mapping, the authors who published the most research on the theme "Tourism in OIC" were Henderson JC; Jalilvand MR; Samiei N; Ahmed F.; Haque A.; Abdullah K.; Razali SS; Michael Hall C.; Prayag G; and Cusack CM Furthermore, based on the bibliometric keyword mapping, there are 3 clusters that can become research lines with topics related to Challenges in the Development of Tourism Amidst the Covid-19 in OIC, Halal Tourism and its Impact on Muslim Tourists' Satisfaction in OIC and Community Engagement and Cultural Hospitality in OIC, and for the words most used are destination, development, Muslim tourist, and challenge.
Early Warning System and Crisis Management
Authors: Riani Ririn , Ikhwan Ihsanul
Published: March 2024

This research was made to find out the development map on the research topic with the theme Early Warning Economic Crisis. This study discusses bibliometric mapping of the development of trends in keywords, authors, and journals on digital banking from a number of Scopus-indexed reputable papers published between 1990 and 2021. Early warning systems help organizations reduce losses and are critical in detecting emergencies from occurring. This research contributes to the field of early warning system development and applications in the economic and financial sectors by providing new knowledge and critical insights into a previously unexplored topic. Our research also contributes to a better understanding of the use of Early warning systems in business, finance, and economics. Consequently, accumulating knowledge to detect risks before it is too late is crucial for companies to maintain a competitive advantage in the market.
Cake-And-Eat-It-Too Clauses
Authors: Monestier Tanya J.
Published: March 2024

Imagine this: You have signed on the dotted line to purchase a home for $500,000. You have put down an earnest money deposit of $25,000. Right before closing, you find out that your bank will not provide the financing you thought you had secured. You can no longer afford to purchase your dream home. You are coming to grips with the reality that you are going to lose $25,000, which comprises the bulk of your life savings. Then you hear from the seller, telling you that they are going to come after you for $100,000 in “actual damages”—the amount the house depreciated between the time you signed the purchase and sale agreement and the time you breached the contract. How is this possible? It is bad enough that you are going to lose $25,000. How can you be on the hook for even more? It is because of a littleknown clause in your purchase and sale agreement that provides the seller with the option of retaining the deposit as liquidated damages or suing for actual damages instead. These clauses have a variety of names: election clauses, election of remedies clauses, optional liquidated damages clauses, or cake-and-eat-it-too clauses. A surprising number of courts are prepared to give effect to these clauses, reasoning that they represent the parties’ intent, and that freedom of contract demands that they be enforced. This Article argues that courts are getting it wrong: liquidated damages clauses cannot be reconciled with election clauses. No amount of freedom of contract logic can get around the fact that the two clauses are legally incompatible. This Article examines the two different contexts in which liquidated damages clauses and election clauses intersect. First, a buyer may seek a return of his earnest money deposit, arguing that the presence of an election clause renders the liquidated damages a penalty. Second, a buyer may seek to foreclose a seller from pursuing actual damages under an election clause, reasoning that such a clause is fundamentally at odds with a liquidated damages clause. In the first scenario, the buyer seeks to invalidate the liquidated damages clause; in the second, he seeks to invalidate the election clause. This Article encourages courts to prohibit liquidated damages clauses and election clauses from coexisting in contracts. A seller who attempts to have his cake and eat it too should be relegated to the lesser of the two amounts.
Nutritional Analysis of Traditional Fermented Food Condiments: Implications for Dietary Diversity and Health Security in Anambra Metropolis
Authors:   Department of Biological Science, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Uli, Anambra State, Nigeria, Frances Ejimofor, Chiamaka , Nwakuche Adaugo Ozioma ,   Department of Botany, Nnamdi University Awka, Nigeria
Published: March 2024

Fermented food condiments play a crucial role in enhancing flavor and nutritional quality of various dishes across cultures. This study investigates the nutritional compositions of three widely consumed traditional condiments Ogiri, Okpei, and Dawa-Dawa commonly sold within Anambra metropolis. Proximate analysis, including moisture content, crude protein, crude fiber, and fat content, was conducted using standard Weende analysis methods. Additionally, mineral compositions, including calcium, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium, were evaluated. Results reveal significant variations in nutritional profiles among the condiments, with Ogiri-Okpei exhibiting notably high levels of crude protein (23.68% ± 0.01) and Dawa-Dawa demonstrating elevated levels of crude fiber (1.94% ± 0.01) and fat content (23.19% ± 0.01). Mineral analysis highlights varying concentrations of essential nutrients, such as calcium (46.11 mg/100g ± 0.01) and sodium (147.22 mg/100g ± 0.01) in Ogiri-Igbo, and phosphorus (84.97 mg/100g ± 0.01) and potassium (860.12 mg/100g ± 0.02) in Ogiri-Okpei. These findings underscore the nutritional significance of traditional fermented condiments in the diet and emphasize the need for accurate nutritional labeling to promote dietary diversity and health security among consumers. Further research is warranted to comprehensively assess the vitamin content of these condiments and their impact on overall nutritional adequacy. Keywords: Fermented condiments, Nutritional composition, Traditional foods, Anambra State, Nigeria
The rise of process tracing (in Google Books)
Authors: Rohlfing Ingo
Published: March 2024

For what it’s worth, I wanted to see how often ‘process tracing’ is mentioned in the offerings on Google Books.
Correlation vs causation: The case of competitive funding and research quality
Authors: Rohlfing Ingo
Published: March 2024

On September 27, the German Science Foundation (DFG) announced its decision to award the status of a research cluster of excellence (Exzellenzcluster) to 57 cluster proposals from all disciplines.
Gap-filling, puzzle-solving and replication in empirical research
Authors: Rohlfing Ingo
Published: March 2024

A common justification of empirical research is that a gap in the literature needs to be filled.
Another mistaken criticism of set theory and set-theoretic methods
Authors: Rohlfing Ingo
Published: March 2024

For some time now, a discussion has been raging about the pros and cons of set theory and the use of set-theoretic methods (STM) in the social sciences (e.g., in Sociological Methodology and the APSA Newsletter). Following up on a critical discussion by Paine and a constructive, comparative discussion of STM and regression analysis by Thiem, Baumgartner and Bol (TBB),  Comparative Political Studies  organized a symposium on STM.
Review of “Finding Pathways”, by Weller/Barnes
Authors: Rohlfing Ingo
Published: March 2024

  In  Finding Pathways: Mixed-Method Research for Studying Causal Mechanisms  , Weller and Barnes seek to explain “how the small-N component of multi-method research can meaningfully contribute and add value to the study of causal mechanisms” (quote from blurb). The book contains nine chapters, including the introduction and concluding chapter.
Shiny button weirdness
Authors: Chamberlain Scott
Published: March 2024

I’ve been working on an inherited Shiny app at work for the past few months. One of the many frustrating things about Shiny lately has been around buttons. Well, it wasn’t really about buttons, but that’s where it started. I noticed that a number of buttons - some having file inputs, some having text inputs - did not trigger every time, and I expected them to trigger every time no matter what.
Curiosities of QCA: Fuzzy-set consistency
Authors: Rohlfing Ingo
Published: March 2024

Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) is the method of choice for the analysis of set relations and has changed considerably and improved over the years.
Analisis Total Biaya Produksi Sebagai Dasar Penetapan Harga Jual Produk dalam Meningkatkan Laba Pada UD. Tahu Assit
Authors: Kurniawati Dewi
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to analyze the calculation of total production costs as the basis for determining the selling price of products in increasing profits at UD Tahu Assit. The data collection method in this study used the method of observation and interviews with the business owner of Tahu Assit. UD. Tahu Assit is a family company with a business field of processing soybeans into various processed tofu. The results showed that the calculation of the Cost of Production (HPP) of making tofu at the Tahu Assit business in Sawoo using the Full Costing Method, where the total cost of raw materials (Rp 41,040,000) was added to the total direct labor cost (Rp 3,937,000) plus the total overhead costs. Permanent factory (Rp 6,231.00) equal to the total cost of tofu production of Rp 57,200,000 or about 32,000 tofu beans for 5 (five) days of production. By using this method, Tahu Assit's business earns a profit of Rp. 5.992.000,-. With an analysis using this method, the Tahu Assit business can get the profit desired by the entrepreneur or owner. Because with the Full Costing method, Tofu entrepreneurs can get a reference to set the product's price.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perhitungan total biaya produksi sebagai dasar penetapan harga jual produk dalam meningkatkan laba pada UD Tahu Assit. Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi dan wawancara dengan pemilik usaha Tahu Assit. UD. Tahu Assit merupakan perusahaan keluarga dengan bidang usaha mengolah kacang kedelai menjadi berbagai olahan tahu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Perhitungan Harga Pokok Produksi (HPP) pembuatan tahu pada usaha Tahu Assit di Sawo dengan menggunakan Metode Full Costing dimana jumlah biaya bahan baku (Rp41.040,000) ditambah dengan jumlah biaya tenaga kerja langsung (Rp3.937.000) ditambah jumlah biaya overhed pabrik tetap (Rp6.231,00) sama dengan jumlah total Harga Pokok Produksi Tahu sebesar Rp 57.200,000 atau sekitar 32.000 biji tahu selama 5 (lima) hari produksi. Dengan menggunakan metode tersebut usaha Tahu Assit ini memperoleh laba sebesar Rp. 5.992.000,-. Dengan analisis menggunakan metode ini usaha Tahu Assit ini bisa memperoleh laba yang diinginkan oleh pengusaha atau pemilik. Karena dengan metode Full Costing ini pengusaha Tahu bisa mendapat acuan untuk menetapkan harga dari produk tersebut.
Analysis of Government Policy in Responding to the Economic Recession Due to Covid-19 in Indonesia
Authors: Mukaromah Haniatul
Published: March 2024

Introduction/Main Objectives: This study aims to determine fiscal policy in dealing with the economic recession due to Covid-19 in Indonesia. Research Methods: This study uses qualitative methods and a library research approach. Finding/Results: This study's results prove that fiscal policy's role is vast in helping to deal with the economic recession in Indonesia due to Covid-19. The Government succeeded in implementing fiscal policy on state revenues and expenditures to maintain economic growth and economic stability. Fiscal policies implemented by the Government to improve the Indonesian economy during the pandemic, including refocusing and revising the 2020 State Budget as an efficiency measure for state spending, rearranging the allocation of state revenues in the 2020 State Budget, a tax incentive program to relieve taxpayers, revising tax revenue targets, and implementing digital taxes for activities through electronic media. Fraud is still found in these policies, so the Government needs to re-evaluate. Conclusion: This study is expected to become the latest source of information for those who need it in the future.
Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Foot Pain among Working Females -A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Khan Rabia Asif , Hussain Fouzia
Published: March 2024

Background: Although foot pain in working women is an ongoing problem and may be related to footwear, the prevalence of foot pain in young females is still scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to discover the common cause of foot pain and its possible associated factors (body mass index and shoe heel height) in young working women in an urban setting in Karachi, Pakistan.

Methods: The survey was conducted on a group of working women aged between 21 and 40 who were selected using non-probability convenience sampling. Data on foot problems was collected through an investigator-directed questionnaire using adapted foot questionnaires. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.

Results: A total no. of 382 women between the ages of 21 and 40 who worked in various Karachi, Pakistan organizations were included in the study. The study revealed that the majority of these women (n=255) experienced moderate pain, most had average body mass indices (N=192), and most had previously worn shoes with heels higher than one inch (n=199). The prevalence of mild foot pain was 17.53%, moderate foot pain 66.75% and severe foot pain 15.7%.

Conclusion: Non-traumatic foot pain is joint among young working women, likely due to high-heeled shoes, prolonged working hours, and the standing nature of jobs.

Keywords: Body Mass Index, Foot Injuries, Pain, Women
Likelihood of Impact of Knee Joint Pain on ADLS among Older Adult Population
Authors: Safeer Anum , Liaqat Anam , Riaz Fatima , Shafiq Arisha , Sabir Zainab , Rao Meesha
Published: March 2024

Background: Evidence reported that the beginning of knee discomfort and restrictions in physical function in older persons are closely related and impact their well-being. Therefore, this study intended to determine the association between knee discomfort and functional restrictions among olderadults.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among community-dwelling older adults with knee pain using a questionnaire that included daily living activities such as getting up from a sitting posture, climbing stairs, and walking. The responses were analyzed to determine the likelihood of knee pain impact on these tasks.

Results: The findings revealed a significant likelihood (p<0.05) between pain intensity and difficulty performing daily living tasks. The data analysis provided evidence that (n=74) participants with mild to severe pain in the knee joints had reported mild difficulty in standing from a sitting position, whereas (n=90) had difficulty in walking and (n=77) had difficulty in climbing stairs.

Conclusion: The findings of this study showed a significant association (p<0.001) between participant’s capacity to perform daily living activities with mild to moderate knee pain. Thus, it becomes evident that patients with knee pain discomfort, either mild or moderate, will have to face significant difficulties in performing tasks like sitting, walking or ascending stairs.

Keywords: Activities of Daily Living, Pain, Sitting, Stair Climbing, Walking.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PENJUALAN DAN BIAYA OPERASIONAL TERHADAP LABA BERSIH PT. FORISA NUSAPERSADA MEDAN
Authors: Harahap Juliati , Epi Yus , Siregar Irma Hariyanti
Published: March 2024

PT. Forisa Nusapersada merupakan sebuah perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang produksi dan pemasaran berbagai minuman dan makanan, terutama dalam bentuk bubuk yang berkualitas tinggi. PT. Forisa memiliki penjualan yang cukup tinggi dan juga memiliki biaya operasional yang tidak sedikit untuk menunjang penjualan dan pemasaran produk perusahaan , tetapi apakah penjualan dan biaya operasional PT. Forisa Nusapersada akan sangat berpengaruh pada laba bersih perusahaan. Penjualan atau pendapatan yang tinggi jika biaya operasionalnya rendah hasilnya akan medapatkan laba yang bagus untuk perusahaan. Penjualan yang tinggi belum tentu akan mendapatkan laba bersih yang baik ketika biaya operasionalnya juga tinggi, penjualan yang rendah belum tentu akan merugi jika diikuti dengan biaya operasional yang rendah juga dan penjualan yang tinggi jika bertemu dengan beban operasional yang tinggi bahkan melebihi pendapatan maka yang terjadi pada perusahaan adalah rugi. Biaya Operasional sangat berpengaruh terhadap hasil laba perusahaan, karena semakin tinggi biaya yang dikeluarkan perusahaan, maka semakin rendah laba yang didapat pada perusahaan tersebut. Persentase laba dapat dihitung untuk membantu menghitung persentase keuantungan yang di dapat dan dapat membadingkan dengan tahun sebelumnya agar mendapat hasil yang diinginkan perusahaan .
Re-Imagining the European (Political) Community through Migration Law
Authors: Farahat Anuscheh
Published: March 2024

The constant portrayal of migration as an exceptional and problematic phenomenon fuels public anxieties and makes deterrence and harshness seem like the only effective political approaches to managing global migration. By contrast, positive visions of how a society of immigration needs to look like for all members of society to benefit are scarce. Yet to counter apocalyptic scenarios, we need not only such a positive vision but also a theory of societal action that helps to realize it. This blog post offers such a vision and theory that is grounded in the normative and legal framework of the European Union. It argues that we should conceptualize the European society as an inclusive, participatory, and self-reflexive community that is based on constitutional principles as enshrined in Art. 2 TEU. To realize this vision, we must understand practices of claiming and defending human rights not as an overreach into the political latitude of the legislator but as a joint practice of (political) community-building.
SER COMO PILAR CENTRAL DE LA UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA ABIERTA LATINOAMERICANA
Authors: Delgadillo Luján Claudia Andrea
Published: March 2024

El presente escrito da un pantallazo a lo que significa el saber actitudinal o saber Ser, la relación de este con el equilibrio con uno mismo y la meditación, sus implicaciones, cómo podemos impartirlo en los estudiantes de manera general y cómo se puede evaluar para que de esta manera se pueda cumplir con el propósito UPAL dentro de su filosofía.
Primero se presenta una revisión a la definición del Ser como un saber actitudinal dentro de la desagregación de competencias para la planificación de una asignatura. Posteriormente se da una revisión a la Filosofía y Propósito de la UPAL donde se encuentran los conceptos del Ser y el Equilibrio con uno mismo el cual se propone como la búsqueda del equilibrio en nuestro cuerpo, mente, emociones y espíritu. Así también se propone la meditación como una manera muy efectiva de encontrar el equilibrio el cual trae consigo muchos beneficios de acuerdo a muchos estudios. Así también se presentan una serie de herramientas para aprender, enseñar y evaluar el Saber Ser.
Fecha de recepción: 29/09/2020   ¦¦   Fecha de aprobación: 18/12/2020
INHIBIDORES DE PUNTOS DE CONTROL EN EL CÁNCER DE MAMA
Authors: Martinez Oliva Brenda Gisela
Published: March 2024

En este trabajo se realiza un análisis de los resultados de ensayos clínicos que utilizan inhibidores de puntos de control para el tratamiento del cáncer de mama; los inhibidores de puntos de control son anticuerpos monoclonales que actúan en puntos específicos de control del sistema inmune, entre ellos tenemos a Ipilimumab contra CTLA-4, Atezolizumab con afinidad a PDL-1, Nivolumab y Pembrolizumab se unen a PD-1. Este tipo de terapia se denomina inmunoterapia, ha demostrado ser efectiva en diferentes tipos de cáncer, no obstante, aún están en proceso los ensayos clínicos que evalúan la seguridad y efecto antitumoral en el cáncer de mama. Existen muchas variables que afectan la eficacia de este tipo de terapia, entre ellas tenemos: la respuesta del sistema inmune, el tipo de tumor y estadio, factores genéticos y ambientales, por lo que es imprescindible estudiar estos factores y agruparlos en perfiles para poder predecir el resultado de un tratamiento para cada individuo. Los resultados actuales demuestran eficacia en la reducción del tumor, actividad citotóxica contra células tumorales, sin embargo, se exhiben efectos adversos y aún la duración de la respuesta es un reto a ser superado.Fecha de recepción: 10/08/2020   ¦¦   Fecha de aprobación: 18/12/2020
TERAPIA DE CÉLULAS ADOPTIVAS EN CÁNCER DE MAMA
Authors: Martinez Oliva Brenda Gisela , Zurita Jiménez Marlene Patricia
Published: March 2024

La inmunoterapia o terapia biológica, constituye un grupo de nuevos tratamientos para el cáncer, que en algunos casos utiliza moléculas y células modificadas en laboratorio para estimular y mejorar la respuesta natural 72 antitumoral del sistema inmune, estas nuevas terapias incluyen modificar los receptores de linfocitos T, generar anticuerpos monoclonales para sitios clave, adicionar coestimuladores, secretar citoquinas, etc.
El objetivo de la terapia de células adoptivas es potenciar la capacidad natural de los linfocitos T modificando la región VL y VH y adicionando genes que transcriben moléculas importantes del Sistema Inmune; en primera instancia las células son obtenidas del paciente y tratadas en laboratorio con un lentivirus y factores de crecimiento, posteriormente son introducidas nuevamente en el paciente vía endovenosa, posteriormente los linfocitos transformados atacan a las células neoplásicas, sin embargo también se observan algunas barreras a ser superadas, como la presencia de inhibidores de puntos de control y el microambiente tumoral. Esta terapia también recibe los nombres de terapia de células inmunitarias.
En el presente artículo se realiza un análisis de la aplicación de esta terapia en el cáncer de mama con el fin de analizar los avances, ventajas y dificultades y una posible aplicación en nuestro medio.
Fecha de recepción: 07/05/21Fecha de evaluación: 02/06/21Fecha de aprobación: 07/06/21
Violencia de género y apoyo social estructural en relaciones de pareja de estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Vélez-Ozaeta Yuliana Betzabé , Vélez Santana Ana Gabriela
Published: March 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la violencia de género y el apoyo social -perspectiva estructural- en las relaciones de pareja heterosexual en estudiantes de la universidad pública de la ciudad de Portoviejo. Se realizó un estudio con enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo y transversal, en el cual se utilizó el cuestionario VREP (Violencia Recibida, Ejercida y Percibida) y la Escala de Apoyo Social (EAS); estos instrumentos permitieron medir las variables del trabajo investigativo. El tipo de muestreo fue no probabilístico intencional y estuvo conformada por 245 estudiantes de la universidad pública de la ciudad de Portoviejo. Los resultados evidencian que los universitarios (hombres y mujeres) perciben como bastante violentos algunos acontecimientos de agresión en las relaciones de pareja; y de la misma forma, por lo menos una vez han padecido y ejercido violencia de género. Es destacable el hecho de que disponen de red de apoyo social, familiar y de amigos. La violencia de género y el apoyo social estructural visibilizan la responsabilidad ineludible de las Instituciones de Educación Superior en cuanto a la planificación, ejecución y seguimiento de acciones enmarcadas en ejes de prevención y atención integral para los universitarios que padecen violencia de género en sus relaciones de pareja.
Comportamiento agronómico y productivo de la matarratón (Gliricidia sepium) en tres edades de corte en la Granja Mishilí de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas.
Authors: Toapanta Moreta Wendy Stefanya , González Buitrón Karina Tatiana
Published: March 2024

Ésta investigación se realizó en la Granja Mishilí que pertenece al Instituto Tsa´chila, en donde a finalidad fue  evaluar el comportamiento agronómico y productivo de la Matarratón (gliricidia sepium ) en tres edades de corte (30- 60 – 90)días , para el estudio se aplicó un diseño de bloques completamente al azar (DBCA) con tres tratamientos y siete repeticiones, con un total de 21 unidades experimentales, cada unidad experimental contó con un área de 4m2 de utilidad, en la cual se evaluaron diferentes variables, con las cuales se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: longitud de planta con un valor de 60 cm., número de hojas 15 hojas/planta, diámetro de tallo 4,98 mm., ancho de hoja 6.60 cm., longitud de hoja 9.29 cm., peso del follaje/planta con un valor de 2.08 Kg. y proteína 26.80% todos los datos antes mencionados se los obtuvo a los 90 días de edad de corte, por lo que se comprueba que esta sería lo ideal para el cultivo de Gliricidia sepium.
Comportamiento agronómico y productivo de la cucarda (Hibiscus sinensis) en tres edades de corte en la Granja Mishilí de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas
Authors: Arcaya Pisuña Angel Cristobal , González Buitrón Karina Tatiana
Published: March 2024

La presente investigación tuvo como finalidad evaluar el Comportamiento agronómico y productivo de la cucarda (Hibiscus sinensis) en tres edades de corte, trabajo realizado en la Granja Experimental Mishilí, perteneciente al Instituto Tecnológico Tsáchila, en donde se trabajaron con tres tratamientos y siete repeticiones, cada tratamiento estuvo determinado por la edad de corte en donde se aplicaron 63, 70 y 77 días, la unidad experimental tuvo un área útil de 4 m2. El diseño experimental aplicado fue un DBCA (Diseño de bloques completamente al azar), las variables en estudio fueron: longitud de planta, longitud de hoja, ancho de hoja, número de hojas, diámetro de tallo, producción de materia seca y proteína. De acuerdo a los resultados arrojados en la investigación se determinó que la mejor edad de corte en comportamiento agronómico y productivo fue la del tratamiento T3 (77 días de edad de corte) con los siguientes valores: longitud de planta 172 cm, número de hojas 94,14, diámetro de tallo 15,29 mm, ancho de hoja 4,57 cm., longitud de hoja 7,43 cm y producción de materia seca/ha 5,62 T/ha, en relación a calidad nutritiva de la especie forrajera estudiada el mejor resultado lo obtuvo el tratamiento T1 (63 días de edad de corte) con 15,17 % de Proteína cruda
Protocolos de bioseguridad en la consulta privada odontológica durante la pandemia COVID-19.
Authors: Vélez Chávez Rosa Carmen , Sanmartín Matute Nube Beatriz
Published: March 2024

En el área de salud, los protocolos de bioseguridad son concebidos como un conjunto de normativas que tienen el propósito de salvaguardar la integridad del profesional y el paciente; en este sentido, las prácticas odontológicas deben cumplir con protocolos que garanticen la calidad de servicio antes, durante y después de la atención. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar los protocolos de bioseguridad en la consulta privada odontológica durante la pandemia COVID-19. El estudio se fundamentó en la metodología cualitativa, empleando como instrumento la guía de observación. La población fue de  202 odontólogos que se encuentran laborando en consultorios privados del cantón Portoviejo, de los cuales se seleccionaron 50. Los resultados destacan que la buena aplicación de los protocolos de bioseguridad garantizan una buena atención al paciente durante todos los momentos de la atención odontologica. En conclusión, se determinó que los odontológos  desempeñan un papel importante en la prevención de contagio por COVID-19 y otras enfermedades a través del uso correcto de los protocolos de bioseguridad.
Neurociencia y Educación: Explorando las Aplicaciones en la Enseñanza de Ciencias en el Bachillerato desde la literatura.
Authors: Tapuyo Añapa Jefferson Marcos , López Cisneros Ana Rosa , Alfaro Rodas Guadalupe Citlalli , Bastidas González Luis David
Published: March 2024

La convergencia entre neurociencia y educación ha generado un campo de investigación fascinante, particularmente en la enseñanza de ciencias en el bachillerato. Aunque crucial en el siglo XXI para optimizar métodos pedagógicos, la integración efectiva de estos conocimientos enfrenta desafíos en el aula. El objetivo de este trabajo es de analizar la literatura existente sobre la integración de la neurociencia en la enseñanza de ciencias en el bachillerato. Se busca, además, identificar patrones, desafíos y éxitos en la aplicación de principios neurocientíficos en entornos educativos específicos. Se revela la importancia del rol docente en la transformación biológica, cognitiva y emocional de los estudiantes. Los desafíos identificados incluyen la falta de recursos, resistencia institucional y la necesidad de una formación docente más especializada. La brecha entre la investigación neurocientífica y su traducción efectiva en estrategias aplicables en el aula es evidente. Se destaca la necesidad de estrategias pedagógicas personalizadas que consideren la diversidad de estilos de aprendizaje. A pesar de los desafíos, se evidencian éxitos en la mejora del rendimiento estudiantil cuando se aplican principios neurocientíficos, particularmente mediante estrategias que fomentan la participación activa y la comprensión profunda. Esta revisión bibliográfica analiza la literatura disponible en Scopus, Latindex, Scielo y Google Scholar, buscando identificar patrones, desafíos y éxitos en la aplicación de principios neurocientíficos en entornos educativos específicos. En conclusión, la integración de la neurociencia en la enseñanza de ciencias en el bachillerato presenta oportunidades para mejorar el aprendizaje, aunque requiere abordar desafíos específicos y promover enfoques pedagógicos flexibles.
Integración efectiva de las TIC en la enseñanza de química: estrategias innovadoras para la docencia universitaria
Authors: Yánez Romero María Elena
Published: March 2024

El presente estudio tomó por base la problemática existente en la inserción de la tecnología en la enseñanza de química, dado que la misma provoca en el alumnado distracción y, por ende, deficiencia académica. Es así que el objetivo de la presente es analizar la afectación del uso de los tics en la enseñanza de Química, aplicando para ello una metodología cualitativa basada en la revisión bibliográfica de 318 artículos científicos similares a la llevada a cabo, mismas que cuentan con un rango de antigüedad de 10 años (2014-2024), las cuales a su vez fueron analizadas por el aplicativo R bibliometrix, el cual demuestra que el país con mayor participación y colaboración investigativa es España. Sumado a ello, se llega a determinar que la implementación de la tecnología en la educación tiene efectos positivos como negativos, dado que ello supone tanto una brecha social dada a la falta de capacitación y recursos económicos, como también una ayuda para el estudiante, dado que este logra fomentar en ellos la interactividad y motivación por aprender, aspecto que potencia sus habilidades críticas.
Las Inteligencias múltiples y su incidencia en el desarrollo psicomotriz de los niños de 4 años, de la Unidad Educativa Ocho de Enero
Authors: Pionce Villafuerte Pastora Yaneth , Arroyo Cobeña María Verónica
Published: March 2024

Este trabajo de investigación se llevó a cabo en respuesta a las deficiencias identificadas en el ámbito educativo de los niños del nivel inicial, luego de ello fue esencial promover el desarrollo motor, tanto en sus aspectos finos como gruesos; y bajo ese contexto, se fortalecieron, estimularon y fomentaron el desarrollo de las inteligencias múltiples en el entorno educativo de los niños de 4 años. Se abordaron las inteligencias múltiples y su incidencia en el desarrollo psicomotriz de los infantes a través de la implementación de actividades motivadoras. El objetivo principal fue facilitar el desarrollo integral de la inteligencia de los niños a través de enfoques integradores que promovieran su aprendizaje con relación a las inteligencias. Para lograr esto, se llevó a cabo un análisis inicial y final para evaluar el nivel de destrezas de los niños. Uno de los hallazgos destacados en esta investigación fue la identificación de limitaciones en la motricidad, tanto fina como gruesa, en los niños. Estas limitaciones se observaron en las actividades diarias de los niños y representaron un desafío significativo en el entorno educativo. Estos ofrecen una perspectiva valiosa sobre la importancia de abordar el desarrollo psicomotriz y la promoción de las inteligencias múltiples en el aula, contribuyendo al crecimiento integral de los niños.
OBTAINING Na2SO4 FROM SODA SMELTING SLAG FROM THE RECYCLING OF LEAD ACID BATTERIES
Authors: Lucheva Biserka , Iliev Peter , Kazakova Nadezda , Iliev Miroslav
Published: March 2024

Soda smelting slag is generated during the processing of desulphurized paste from recycling of waste lead acid batteries and other lead containing secondary materials in tilting rotary furnaces, and it represents about 9.5 % of the mass of the charge entering the furnace. This type of slag is very reactive. It contains toxic substances (lead, arsenic and antimony) and because of the presence of alkaline compounds it is corrosive. In addition, it decomposes in contact with air, forming dust. Therefore, such hazardous product cannot be disposed without preliminary stabilization.

The aim of the present work is to investigate the possibility for environmentally utilization of this slag. The conducted experiments have shown the possibility of extracting the sodium sulfate from the soda slag only by grinding in an aqueous medium with subsequent filtration. The resulting solution is subjected to sulfide purification from heavy non-ferrous metals and subsequent crystallization for obtaining a commercial product sodium sulfate. These processes could be easily implemented in companies that have applied Engitec’s technology for recycling spent lead-acid batteries and production of sodium sulfate from desulfurization of the lead paste. Implementation of these processes will eliminate the need for slag stabilization and prevent environmental problems.
INFLUENCE OF Nb2O5 AND B2O3 ON THE PHOTOCATALYTIC AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SOL-GEL DERIVED TiO2 NANOPОWDERS
Authors: Bachvarova-Nedelcheva Albena , Iordanova Reni , Georgieva Nelly , Nemska Veronica , Foteva Tsvetelina , Stoyanova Angelina
Published: March 2024

TiO2 based powders containing B2O3 and Nb2O5 were obtained through an aqueous sol-gel method. The as prepared gels were step wisely heated in the temperature range 200°C - 500°C and subsequently characterized by XRD, IR and UV-Vis analysis. The TiO2 (anatase) is the single crystalline phase which has been detected up to 500°C. Photocatalytic tests showed that the investigated samples possess photocatalytic activity toward Malachite green organic dye and TiO2/Nb2O5 exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than TiO2/B2O3 sample. The compositions exhibited good antimicrobial activity against E. coli NBIMCC K12 407 and Bacillus subtilis NBIMCC 3562.
OCCUPATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT TO EXPOSURE OF RESPIRABLE CRYSTALLINE SiO2 AT CEMENT MANUFACTURING
Authors: Kirova Vladislava , Yaneva Spaska , Rangelova Nadezhda
Published: March 2024

According to the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU - OSHA) and the Roadmap on Carcinogens about 120,000 work - related cancer cases occur each year as a result exposure to carcinogens at the workplace in the EU, leading to approximately 80,000 fatalities annually. Occupational risk assessment is used as a criterion for occupational safety.At the cement manufacturing sector, it was revealed that the main hazard is exposure to carcinogen substances such as respirable crystalline SiO2. In the present work, two methods were used for risk assessment in a cement production enterprise: the classical Fine - Kinney method and Flexible risk assessment method developed by Reinhold and Tint. The results of the joint application of these two methods show the advantages and disadvantages of each of them and point to the need to combine more than one method to effectively cover aspects of risk assessment. It was made the evaluation of applied existing control measures, as well as new measures for better protection have been proposed.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ELECTRON BEAM MELTING FOR REMOVING IMPURITIES FROM TECHNOGENIC METAL MATERIALS
Authors: Markov Martin , Stefanova Vladislava , Vutova Katia
Published: March 2024

Electron beam melting and vacuum refining (EBMR) is a modern metallurgical method that has proven advantages in terms of environmental sustainability and efficiency for recycling refractory and reactive metals and alloys with unique physical, chemical, and mechanical properties.In this work, the effectiveness for removing impurities from technogenic molybdenum, titanium, and hafnium metals using EBMR method is investigated. The thermodynamic and kinetic process conditions and their influence on the possibility of impurities’ removal from the studied technogenic materials are discussed. It has been established that there are no thermodynamic limitations for the removal of silicon, antimony, iron, aluminum, and copper impurities at EBMR of molybdenum and the maximal overall removal efficiency is 58 %. In the case of titanium technogenic material, the highest refining efficiency and maximal overall impurity removal level of 99.97 % and 100 % for some inclusions (such as Fe, Cu, Ta, and Cd) are achieved. The studies show that impurities (metallic and non-metallic) can be effectively removed from technogenic hafnium using single e-beam refining processing and the highest refiningeffectiveness is 52.21 %.

The obtained results allow formulating the conditions of the refining process aiming to obtain metal materials with high purity, better structures and properties and demonstrate high effectiveness of the EBMR method.
ELECTRON BEAM LITHOGRAPHY PROCESS QUALITY IMPROVEMENT BY ROBUST ENGINEERING APPROACH
Authors: Koleva Lilyana , Asenova-Robinzonova Asya , Koleva Elena
Published: March 2024

The model-based robust approach is successfully applied to different industrial processes for improving their quality performance characteristics. The Robust engineering approach is implemented in cases of heteroscedasticity of the performance characteristics in presence of errors in the process parameters or noise factors, which is typical for the production processes. Higher quality and reproducibility of the quality characteristics can be achieved both for existing production processes or for technological process design at the production planning and development stages. In this paper the model-based robust engineering approach is implemented for the quality improvement of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resist profiles, obtained by electron beam lithography process. Specific technological requirements concerning the developed profile structures, their variances (reproducibility) in production conditions and robustness toward the errors in the process parameters, are considered. Different multicriteria optimization approaches were applying and compared, aiming to simultaneously fulfil the requirements for the geometric characteristics of the positive resist PMMA.
Legal Regime of Enforcement of Court and Private Mediation Settlements
Authors: Qantaria Giorgi
Published: March 2024

The abstract is available in Georgian.
The Place of Med-Arb and its Development Perspective in the Domestic System of Dispute Resolution
Authors: Barbakadze Gvantsa
Published: March 2024

The abstract is available in Georgian.
The Content of the Right in the Civil Law
Authors: Bichia Mikheil
Published: March 2024

Determining the content of the civil right and its main features is one of the most important issues of civil law. The aim of the research is firstly to critically analyze the theories about a right, and then determine the content of the civil right and its features. We will try to throw light on the methodological foundations of civil rights and the relationship between its legal and factual origins.

Clarifying the issue is important to define the legal nature of civil rights and make out what a subject can protect, where the actual opportunity of a person ends, and from which moment it acquires a legal form. Accordingly, the topic is engrossing from the perspective of legal protection of interests of a subject which provides it with more practical significance.

The research has revealed that theories of rights are flawed and cannot explain the legal nature of rights individually. Therefore, a right should not be reduced to only one component recognized by either one or the other theory. It is appropriate to consider a right in close relation to a duty and distinguish it from the actual possibility. A civil right is studied as an opportunity provided by civil law to perform an action that can be based on both law and contract. This is especially noteworthy within the framework of the principle of ‘’Everything that is not prohibited is permitted’’. Accordingly, the scope of the concept of civil rights should be much wider than the content of public rights.