bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global or Local Pure Condensible Atmospheres: Importance of Horizontal Latent Heat Transport
Authors: Ding F. , Pierrehumbert R. T.
Published: October 2018

The distribution of a pure condensible planetary atmosphere in equilibrium with a surface reservoir is revisited, employing the energy budget of the climate system and emphasizing the atmospheric horizontal latent heat transport. This configuration is applicable to icy solar system bodies such as Triton, as well as a range of possible exoplanet atmospheres, including water or CO2 iceballs or ocean worlds, and lava planets with mineral vapor atmospheres. Climate regimes for slowly rotating planets with the hotspot near the substellar point and for rapidly rotating planets with a warm equatorial belt are both treated. A nondimensional parameter controlling the fractional variation of the surface pressure is derived; it measures whether the pure condensible atmosphere is global or localized. The global pure condensible atmosphere with the nondimensional parameter much less than order of unity is maintained by the strong horizontal latent heat transport associated with an “evaporation/sublimation-driven flow” from warm to cold places that compensates for the incoming differential radiative forcing. We show that the variation of surface temperature can be estimated in terms of this nondimensional parameter if it is not too large. In the case of a pure water-vapor atmosphere with an ice or liquid surface, we show that the atmosphere is thick enough to maintain nearly isothermal surface conditions even when the substellar surface temperature is around the freezing point. Finally, it is proposed that the evaporation/sublimation-driven flow regime for global atmospheres could be detected via its effect on the inhomogeneous distribution of minor noncondensible components in the atmosphere.
Rings and Gaps in Protoplanetary Disks: Planets or Snowlines?
Authors: van der Marel Nienke , Williams Jonathan P. , Bruderer Simon
Published: October 2018

High-resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of protoplanetary disks have revealed that many, if not all, primordial disks consist of ring-like dust structures. The origin of these dust rings remains unclear, but a common explanation is the presence of planetary companions that have cleared gaps along their orbit and trapped the dust at the gap edge. A signature of this scenario is a decrease of gas density inside these gaps. In a recent work, Isella et al. derived drops in gas density that are consistent with Saturn-mass planets inside the gaps in the HD 163296 disk through spatially resolved CO isotopologue observations. However, as CO abundance and temperature depends on a large range of factors, the interpretation of CO emission is non-trivial. We use the physical–chemical code DALI to show that the gas temperature increases inside dust density gaps, implying that any gaps in the gas, if present, would have to be much deeper, consistent with planet masses >M
Jup. Furthermore, we show that a model with increased grain growth at certain radii, as expected at a snowline, can reproduce the dust rings in HD 163296 equally well without the need for companions. This scenario can explain both younger and older disks with observed gaps, as gaps have been seen in systems as young <1 Myr. While the origin of the rings in HD 163296 remains unclear, these modeling results demonstrate that care has to be taken when interpreting CO emission in protoplanetary disk observations.
Cryptosporidiosis in developing countries
Authors: Snelling William J. , Xiao Lihua , Ortega-Pierres Guadalupe , Lowery Colm J. , Moore John E. , Rao Juluri R. , Smyth Stephen , Millar B. Cherie , Rooney Paul J. , Matsuda Motoo , Kenny Fiona , Xu Jiru , Dooley James S.G.
Published: October 2018

Globally, Cryptosporidium infection continues to be a significant health problem where it is recognized as an important cause of
diarrhoea in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent people. In developing countries persistent diarrhoea is the leading cause of death in children younger than five years of age, where it accounts for 30 to 50 percent of those deaths. Encouragingly an increasing number of investigations in developing countries employ molecular tools, significantly improving the quality of epidemiological information. This improved Cryptosporidium monitoring, with appropriate molecular methods, in surface water, livestock, wildlife and humans, will increase current knowledge of infection and transmission patterns, and ultimately help to control Cryptosporidium via improved risk assessments in the future.
Escherichia coli from community-acquired urinary tract infections resistant to fluoroquinolones and extended-spectrum beta-lactams
Authors: Kariuki Samuel , Revathi Gunturu , Corkill John , Kiiru John , Mwituria Joyce , Mirza Nazir , Hart C. Anthony
Published: October 2018

Background: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli are increasingly becoming resistant to flouroquinolones and to other commonly available antimicrobials. We sought to investigate the genetic basis for fluoroquinolone and extended spectrum beta-lactam (ESBL) resistance in 17 fluoroquinolone-resistant (MIC of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin >32 μg/ml) E. coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs).
Methods: We applied PCR and Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) to characterize resistance genes and to determine clonal relatedness of strains, respectively.
Results: Twelve of the 17 E. coli were resistant to multiple drugs, including ampicillin, co-amoxyclav, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime and gentamicin and nalidixic acid and produced plasmid-mediated CTX-M-15 type ESBLs and CMY-2 AmpC type enzymes. The other 5 E. coli that were non-ESBL-producing were multiply resistant to ampicillin, nitrofurantoin, cefoxitin, nalidixic acid. Resistance to fluoroquinolones resulted from a combination of the presence of qnrA, qnrB, ciprofloxacin acetylating enzyme designated aac(6’)-1b-cr, and mutations in the two amino acid substitutions; 83 Serine (TCG) to Leucine (TTG) and 87 Aspartic acid (GAC) to Asparagine (AAC).
Conclusion: Antibiogram patterns and PFGE of E. coli showed that these were community acquired UTI caused by pockets of clonally-related and some discreet strain types. Plasmid-mediated CTX-M-15 beta-lactamases and CMY-2 AmpC enzymes and fluoroquinolone resistant E. coli are becoming increasingly prevalent in hospitals in Kenya, posing a major challenge in the management of UTIs.
Prevalence of anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies in pregnant women and their offspring in a tertiary hospital in Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Ogunro Paul Sunday , Adekanle Daniel Adebode , Fadero Francis Folorunso , Ogungbamigbe Titus Olabisi , Oninla Samuel Olorunyomi
Published: October 2018

Background: The aim of this prospective study was to determine the prevalence of HCV antibodies among pregnant women and their corresponding offspring in a tertiary medical centre in Southwestern Nigeria.
Method: Anti-HCV antibodies (anti-HCV antibodies) were analyzed in blood samples from mothers and cord samples from their corresponding offspring using the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. The results obtained from the study were expressed in simple percentages.
Results: Out of the 272 consenting pregnant women screened for anti-HCV antibodies, 25 (9.2%) of them were positive. As none of the pregnant women had multiple births, screening the 272 cord sera from their offspring for the same antibodies revealed that 3 (1.10%) of them were also positive. Thus, the prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies in the pregnant women and their offspring were 9.2% and 1.1% respectively.
Conclusion: If vertical transmission of HCV were to be based on the acquisition of anti-HCV antibodies alone, the prevalence of vertical transmission from HCV infected mothers to offspring in the study was 12.0%. Further studies on vertical transmission are suggested to include analysis for HCV-RNA quantification in pregnant mothers and their offspring as well as a long-term follow-up of neonates seropositive for HCV markers. Such studies are necessary to justify any recommendations to be made for the purpose of reducing HCV infection through vertical transmission.
Surgical site infections in an abdominal surgical ward at Kosovo Teaching Hospital
Authors: Raka Lul , Krasniqi Avdyl , Hoxha Faton , Musa Ruustem , Mulliqi Gjyle , Krasniqi Selvete , Kurti Arsim , Dervishaj Antigona , Nuhiu Beqir , Kelmendi Baton , Limani Dalip , Tolaj Ilir
Published: October 2018

Background: Abdominal surgical site infections (SSI) cause substantial morbidity and mortality for patients undergoing operative procedures. We determined the incidence of and risk factors for SSI after abdominal surgery in the Department of Abdominal Surgery at the University Clinical Centre of Kosovo (UCCK).
Methodology: Prospective surveillance of patients undergoing abdominal surgery was performed between December 2005 and June 2006. CDC definitions were followed to detect SSI and study forms were based on Europe Link for Infection Control through Surveillance (HELICS) protocol.
Results: A total of 253 surgical interventions in 225 patients were evaluated. The median age of patients was 42 years and 55.1% of them were male. The overall incidence rate of SSI was 12%. Follow-up was achieved for 84.1% of the procedures. For patients with an SSI, the median duration of hospitalization was 9 days compared with 4 days for those without an SSI (p2, use of antibiotic prophylaxis and NNIS class of >2 were all significant at p < .001. The SSI rates for the NNIS System risk classes 0, 1 and 2-3 were 4.2%, 46.7% and 100%, respectively.
Conclusions: SSI caused considerable morbidity among surgical patients in UCCK. Appropriate active surveillance and infection control measures should be introduced during preoperative, intra-operative, and postoperative care to reduce infection rates.
Injury-Free Children and Adolescents: Towards Better Practice in Swedish Football (FIT project)
Authors: Hausken Solveig , Barker-Ruchti Natalie , Schubring Astrid , Grau Stefan
Published: October 2018

This interdisciplinary research project will produce evidence-based recommendations on how injuries in Swedish youth football (soccer) can be prevented. Fewer injuries will positively impact athlete health, performance and career longevity and have the potential to promote life-long physical activity and wellbeing.

Injury pattern research demonstrates that injuries are a significant problem in (Swedish) youth sport. Football has a higher traumatic and overuse injury rate than many contact/collision sports (e.g., field hockey, basketball). In research on youth football, the incidence of overuse training injuries was measured as high as 15.4 injuries per 1000 training hours, and the incidence of traumatic and overuse match injuries was 47.5 injuries per 1000 match hours. The injury frequency is alarming and applies to the 54% of children aged 7-14 and the 39% of youths aged 15-19 years who participate in Swedish organised sports. A large body of research identifies injury risk factors and preventative strategies; however, as the recent IOC consensus statement on youth athletic development points out, the existing, mostly bio-medical knowledge does not provide effective evidence-based injury prevention strategies. To address this deficit, interdisciplinary and context-driven knowledge on injury development in youth sport is needed.

The proposed project will produce scientific evidence through four consecutive studies: a) Questionnaire to register the types, frequency and management of injuries; b) Laboratory testing of biomechanical, clinical and training-specific parameters to establish individual physical and sport-specific dispositions; c) Observation of sporting contexts to understand sporting cultures, coaching methods and coach-athlete relationships; and d) Interviews with coaches and players to recognize knowledge that shapes coaching and training. The sample of youth players will be recruited from Sweden’s most popular and injury-prone sport: football. Each of the four studies will conduct its own data production and analyses, and a collective analysis will produce integrated evidence. Concrete recommendations for best sporting practice will be developed, which will serve sporting federations, sport education institutions, coaches, sport support staff and players.
Tous connectés, tous désolés
Authors: Gori Roland
Published: October 2018

L’auteur, à distance des techno-phobies réactionnaires, analyse les impensés subjectifs, sociaux et politiques des usages des nouvelles technologies numériques. Il montre que l’humain, aujourd’hui, en « mangeant » du numérique, son langage, sa grammaire où la forme et la syntaxe prévalent sur le sens, façonne sa subjectivité. Ce dont témoigne la clinique de nouveaux symptômes. L’addiction à communiquer tend à récuser la place et la fonction de l’Autre. Hyper-connectés mais isolés, l’homme néolibéral se trouve ainsi exposé au risque d’un nouveau totalitarisme.
Menaces sur l’intime et construction de la subjectivité
Authors: Schauder Claude , Schauder Thomas
Published: October 2018

Cet article se propose de préciser quelques constats cliniques et quelques idées relatives à l’impact des nouvelles technologies sur la construction de la subjectivité dès lors que celles–ci viennent affecter les espaces de l’intime de l’enfant et de l’adolescent.
L’identification au muet
Authors: Poure Nadia
Published: October 2018

Nous interrogeons dans cet article le rôle de la part du muet dans l’accès à la parole. Nous montrons, à travers un cas clinique de mutisme, comment l’identification au muet sous la forme d’une identification à l’inanimé puis à l’animal peuvent être des étapes vers une identification humaine et une sortie du mutisme. En effet l’identification au muet n’est pas seulement ce qui fait taire mais aussi ce qui préserve les possibilités de rejouer l’identification au miroir dans le transfert. Cet usage de l’identification à l’animal pose la question d’un usage non œdipien du fantasme animal.
Écriture et sentiment de la vie : l’enseignement de Samuel Beckett
Authors: Gaudin Denys
Published: October 2018

Dans les écrits de Beckett, le langage est malmené, érodé, troué. L’écriture relève ici d’un traitement de la langue, traitement visant à y creuser ce qu’il nommait « des abîmes insondables de silence ». Aussi, l’écrivain nous indique que les enjeux de cette pratique ne sont pas seulement d’ordre esthétique. En effet, l’auteur disait écrire « pour respirer », et nous tenterons de prendre la mesure du lien noué entre écriture et fonction vitale. Beckett put témoigner de l’impression d’être « moins vif que mort », de ce qu’avec Lacan nous nommerons une perturbation « du sentiment de la vie », et nous interrogerons en quoi l’écriture put permettre de remédier à cette perturbation, en quoi son travail lui permit de parer au sentiment d’une extinction.
Mélancolie et Méditerranée, jalons pour une histoire
Authors: Douville Olivier
Published: October 2018

Cet article propose l’évocation partielle d’une histoire qui intéresse la clinique et la philosophie, c’est l’histoire de la mélancolie autour de la Méditerranée pendant quelque dix siècles. De nos jours la mélancolie disparaît des classifications et s’évanouit dans les notions floues de dépression ou de bi-polarité. Or, ce terme n’est pas qu’intéressant pour la médecine psychiatrique et la psychopathologie. Il a depuis l’Antiquité grecque représenté un problème moral en cela qu’il pouvait être rattaché à des passions. Lire le trajet de ce terme de mélancolie de la médecine des Grecs aux premiers temps de la médecine arabo-musulmane permet d’en situer une archéologie qui n’est pas de simple muséographie. Ce texte a comme ambition de redonner une vigueur à une clinique non déficitaire de la mélancolie entendue comme position subjective et non réduite à un trouble de l’humeur.
Démocratie, adolescence et djihadisme
Authors: Mazabraud Bertrand
Published: October 2018

Plutôt que d’enfermer et de « déradicaliser » les jeunes djihadistes, il faut entendre la question de confiance qu’ils posent à la démocratie. Dans le vide du pouvoir de la démocratie, l’adolescence est ce temps de crise où l’individu doit se produire lui-même. Il peut être séduit par l’imaginaire totalitaire du djihadisme et sa promesse d’une communauté.
Les trois ruptures de Mars 68 en Pologne
Authors: Potel Jean-Yves
Published: October 2018

Les étudiants se sont révoltés à Varsovie contre la censure d’une pièce de théâtre. Puis, face à la répression, les intellectuels leur apportent leur soutien. Enfin, une vague d’antisémitisme emporte le pays et étouffe la révolte. Mais ces trois ruptures forment une nouvelle génération d’opposants.
L’Université, entre connaissance et intérêt ?
Authors: Adde Éloïse
Published: October 2018

L’Université est en crise mais, contrairement au discours victimaire dominant, ses acteurs participent du nouvel ethos néolibéral, renforcent les positions dominantes acquises et refusent de mener à bien leur auto-analyse collective.
Entre droit privé réglementaire et droit privé fondé sur l’autonomie
Authors: Dagan Hanoch
Published: October 2018

Le Droit privé réglementaire européen (ERPL) émergent peut être interprété comme étant un ensemble d’instruments mis au service d’objectifs collectifs et donc comme étant le signe d’une rupture radicale du droit privé de l’Union européenne; mais cela n’est pas nécessaire. Le présent article propose une interprétation alternative des trois piliers fondateurs de l’ERPL que sont son recours à la notion d’autonomie réglementée, son soutien à la justice de l’accès en tant que fondement normatif et sa critique de la distinction public/privé en tant qu’elle se réfère au droit de l’Union européenne. L’ERPL, dans le cadre de ma reconstruction, est un modèle pour un système de droit privé qui recouvre les engagements normatifs à l’auto-détermination, et donc l’égalité substantielle, puisque son infrastructure normative sous-jacente n’est pas excessivement enracinée dans le modèle judiciaire et attache de l’importance aux considérations publiques. L’autonomie réglementée et la justice de l’accès, selon cette approche, constituent des manifestations locales des prescriptions de la justice relationnelle, qui se situe au cœur du droit privé fondé sur l’autonomie, correctement interprété. Cette vision est, selon moi, attirante à la fois normativement et doctrinalement ; elle est également particulièrement adaptée à notre ère transnationale, parce qu’elle fournit un fondement non statique aux prescriptions de la non-discrimination et de l’adaptation.
Veteran-to-Veteran Program
Authors: Maiocco Gina , Snider Sarah , Stroupe Lya M.
Published: October 2018

More Veterans are receiving health care outside of the Veterans Health Administration. Over concern for the Veteran's safety and the provider's competency, three progressive steps have been taken within the state of West Virginia.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2018;49(11):493–495.
Current Continuing Nursing Education Among Beijing Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Yanling , Sun Liu , Greene Brian , Sun Hongyu , Ding Yanming , Li Chunyan
Published: October 2018

Background:

Continuing nursing education (CNE) is an effective approach to maintain and elevate professional knowledge and skills for nurses. We sought to understand the attitudes and expectations of hospital nurses concerning current CNE in Beijing.

Method:

Hospital-employed nurses (
N
= 2,826) from 23 secondary and tertiary general hospitals in Beijing were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire.

Results:

A total of 72% to 88% of nurses recognized the practicality, helpfulness, importance, and support provided by the current CNE program in Beijing. Obtaining required CNE credits and improving overall comprehensive quality are the top two motivations for nurses to participate in CNE. The top two barriers to CNE are time constraints and the inability to receive timely training information. Expectations that nurses have for future CNE programs also are identified.

Conclusion:

The nurses surveyed have a positive attitude about the current CNE program; however, our survey revealed several barriers and needs concerning CNE that should be addressed from an organizational perspective.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2018;49(11):526–536.
Infertility Education in Baccalaureate Schools of Nursing
Authors: Sherrod Roy Ann
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

The increasing number of couples who enter the current health care system for assistance with fertility needs warrants an examination of the ways nurse educators are preparing nurse generaliste to meet those needs. A survey was conducted of baccalaureate nursing programs to determine what, if any, information was being presented on infertility. Analysis of data with a 50% return rate indicated most schools of nursing in this sample are in fact including some information on infertility in their curricula. What is interesting to note is only slightly more than half of respondents included information on the emotional and psychosocial issues of infertility, despite the feet that the greatest cost of infertility is the emotional one. One of the major concerns of infertile couples is health care providers, including nurses, do not seem to understand what they are experiencing. How do nurses obtain such understanding if they are not prepared in their educational program to do so?
La folie, un espace de « trouble dans le genre ». Ethnographie, genre et performance à l’hôpital psychiatrique de Saint-Alban
Authors: Marchand Aurélie
Published: October 2018

Aurélie Marchand, sociologue et ethnographe, propose la restitution d’une résidence de création artistique initiée par la metteuse en scène Hélène Soulié au centre hospitalier François Tosquelles de Saint‑Alban‑sur‑Limagnole du 1er au 8 octobre 2015. La résidence de travail, composée d’un temps d’immersion, de récoltes de récits et d’une performance finale en public, constitue le chapitre premier du projet Madam, « Manuel d’Auto‑Défense à Méditer ». Accompagnée de la comédienne Audrey Montpied et de la metteuse en scène, la sociologue est mandatée pour collecter « les stratégies des femmes » in situ, dans la perspective de fournir un matériau brut pour la performance. Cependant, au gré des rencontres informelles et des ateliers‑théâtre avec les soignées/soignantes, c’est bien « la catégorie femme » qui se retrouve questionnée au croisement des arts de la scène et des sciences sociales. En effet, l’hôpital psychiatrique de Saint-Alban apparaît comme un laboratoire idéal pour visiter et déconstruire les catégories de sexes, là où les limites de la « normalité » sont déjà repoussées. Ainsi, la chercheuse appréhende le texte à dire et la forme de la performance comme des lieux de questionnement des identités de sexe, en mettant l’accent sur les figures archétypales traversées et l’enchevêtrement des différents registres de discours. En effet, là où « les femmes » se font entendre, « la femme » est toujours un autre que soi. Aussi, l’analyse du jeu de la comédienne permet à Aurélie Marchand de souligner l’effet de distanciation et d’identification « ratée » avec les catégories de genre. Ici, « jouer avec le genre » revient à explorer la « catégorie femme » comme autant de façon de se situer et de se décaler par rapport aux images de soi renvoyées.
S’engager dans un cyberparti
Authors: Macq Hadrien , Jacquet Vincent
Published: October 2018

Internet est généralement présenté comme un vecteur de transformation du champ politique. Dans ce cadre, l’émergence de cyberpartis est supposée renouveler les formes de l’engagement actif dans les organisations partisanes. À travers une étude qualitative des membres du Parti Pirate belge, cet article propose de rendre compte du rôle qu’Internet joue dans le processus d’engagement militant au sein de cyberpartis. Deux types de militants sont identifiés : les techniques et les relationnels. Ils se différencient par le rapport qu’ils entretiennent au politique, leur vision d’Internet ainsi que leur attitude envers le parti. Ce faisant, ce sont les relations plus larges d‘Internet aux formes d’engagement politique (partisane) qui sont questionnées.
Role of the gonadal vessels on the stone lodgment in the proximal ureter: Direct observation during laparoscopic ureterolithotomy
Authors: Radfar Mohammad Hadi , Valipour Reza , Narouie Behzad , Sotoudeh Mehdi , Pakmanesh Hamid
Published: October 2018

Introduction: Previous radiological studies revealed that stones lodge more frequently in the ureterovesical junction (UVJ) as well as the proximal ureter. Factors that prevent stone passage from the proximal ureter are not well studied. Aim: To explore the site of the lodged stones in the proximal ureter with direct observation during laparoscopic ureterolithotomy. Materials and methods: Between November 2014 and February 2015, we included 26 patients including 18 men and 8 women with stones larger than 10 millimeters in the proximal ureter who were candidate for laparoscopic ureterolithotomy. We prospectively recorded the site of the lodged stones in the ureter during laparoscopic ureterolithotomy in relation with the sites of ureteral stenosis as well as the gonadal vessels. Results: Among 26 patients with ureteral stone, in 19 cases stone was found close to the gonadal vein compared with seven cases that stone was in other locations of the ureter (p = 0.02). The characteristics of patients and stones were not different in cases that the stone was close to gonadal vessels compared with other locations. Conclusions: This study showed that most of the stones lodged in the proximal ureter were in close proximity with gonadal vessels. Gonadal vessels may be an extrinsic cause of ureteral narrowing.
Association between large prostate calculi and prostate cancer
Authors: Yucel Cem , Budak Salih
Published: October 2018

Objective: We investigated the relationship between large prostate calculi and prostate cancer (PCa) risk. Materials and methods: The medical records of 340 patients who received a prostate biopsy at our institution between January 2015 and August 2016 were reviewed retrospectively. Of the patients, 82 had large prostatic calculi visualised by transrectal ultrasonography and 88 did not or had scarce prostatic calculi. We divided these patients into two groups: patients with large prostatic calculi (group 1) and patients without prostatic calculi (group 2). These groups were compared according to age, total prostate specific antigen (PSA) level, prostate volume, and final pathological diagnosis.Results: The mean age of all patients was 61.4 ± 6.2 years, the mean total PSA was 12.3 ± 17.4 ng/mL, the mean prostate volume was 41.7 ± 17.6 mL, and the overall cancer detection rate was 31.5%. The cancer detection rates were 41.3% and 22.6% in groups 1 and 2, respectively (p = 0.018). No significant differences in mean age, mean total PSA, or mean prostate volume were observed between the groups. Conclusions: In the present study, large prostatic calculi were associated with PCa. However, more study is needed to examine the relationship between large prostatic calculi and PCa in more detail. The effects of particularly large prostate calculi in the development of PCa will be a necessary focus of future research.
Diabetes mellitus and prostate cancer metabolism: Is there a relationship?
Authors: Antunes Hugo Pontes , Teixo Ricardo , Carvalho João André , Eliseu Miguel , Marques Inês , Mamede Ana , Neves Rita , Oliveira Rui , Tavares-da-Silva Edgar , Parada Belmiro , Abrantes Ana Margarida , Figueiredo Arnaldo , Botelho Maria Filomena
Published: October 2018

Objective: Our aim was to evaluate the effects of glucose levels and diabetes mellitus in prostate cancer (PCa) biology. Materials and methods: Two PCa cell lines (LNCap and PC3) were cultured in RPMI medium with different glucose concentrations [5mM (LG) and 25mM (HG)]. Expressions of androgen receptor, Her2/neu and glucose transporters (GLUT1, 3, 5 and 12) were evaluated by flow cytometry. Proliferation rate was assessed by colorimetric assay MTT and cellular characterization was performed by haematoxylin and eosin staining. Additionally, we performed a cross sectional analysis of 704 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy who were divided into two groups (diabetic and non-diabetic). An analysis of clinical and histological data seeking to identify the differences on tumor aggressiveness between the two groups was performed. Results: In LNCaP cell line, when the glucose concentration in the medium increased, there was an increased in AR expression. Regarding expression of Her2/neu receptor, medium’s glucose concentration significantly changed the expression of this receptor in both PC3 and LNCaP cell lines. Growth rate was higher on the HG medium for both cell lines. The clinical study of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy revealed no relationship between the presence of diabetes and the development of more aggressive tumours. Diabetic patients had significantly higher prostatic volumes, however, no significant difference was found between the relapse risk classification or the ISUP classification between the two groups. Conclusions: Our results showed that medium glucose concentration could influence prostate cancer cells growing but not the aggressiveness.
Prognostic value of subclassification (pT2 stage) of pathologically organ-confined prostate cancer: Confirmation of the changes introduced in the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system
Authors: Antunes Hugo Pontes , Parada Belmiro , Carvalho João , Eliseu Miguel , Jarimba Roberto , Oliveira Rui , Tavares-da-Silva Edgar , Figueiredo Arnaldo
Published: October 2018

Objective: The last edition of the AJCC staging system eliminated the pT2 subclassification of prostate cancer (PCa). Our objective was to evaluate the association of pT2 subclassification with the oncological results of patients with PCa who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP). Material and methods: We evaluated 367 patients who underwent RP between 2009 and 2016, with pT2 disease in the final pathological evaluation. We assessed differences in rates of biochemical recurrence (BCR), metastasis and mortality between T2 substages (pT2a/b vs pT2c). Results: Fifty-three (14.4%) patients presented pT2a/b disease and 314 (85.6%) pT2c disease. The mean follow-up time was 4.9 ± 2.6 years. Grade group scores (p = 0.1) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) (p = 0.2) did not differed between pT2 substages. The rate of BCR in pT2a/b and pT2c patients was 11.3% and 18.2%, respectively (p = 0.2). Five (9.4%) patients with pT2a/b and 45 (14.3%) with pT2c substage underwent salvage radiotherapy (p = 0.3). The rate of positive surgical margins did not differ between groups (p = 0.2). Seven (2.2%) patients with pT2c had lymph nodes or distant metastases. The overall survival was 92.5% and 93.6% in pT2a/b and pT2c, respectively (p = 0.2). Conclusion: Our results are in accordance with the changes introduced in the 8th edition of the AJCC staging system in which the pT2 subclassification was eliminated.
A rare complication of ureteral stenting: Case report of a uretero-arterial fistula and revision of the literature
Authors: Mahlknecht Alois , Bizzotto Leonardo , Gamper Christoph , Wieser Anton
Published: October 2018

Introduction: Uretero-arterial fistulas are a rare condition. The most frequent clinical sign is hematuria. Since these bleedings occur intermittently, the diagnosis is very difficult. If not discovered, uretero-arterial fistulas involve a very high rate of mortality or even results in loss of kidney function. Case report: The clinical case we describe is an unusual one. After a radical hysterectomy and a subsequent radiotherapy, a hydronephrosis caused by ureteral fibrosis occurred on both sides. Therefore, the patient received bilateral ureteral stents. During a change of the ureteral stents 18 months later, a massive bleeding appeared in the right ureter. Initially, a clear evidence of a fistula was not possible - neither through CT scan nor through selective angiography. There were some indicators of a uretero-arterial fistula, so an endoluminal vessel stent was placed. Subsequently the fistula probably led to an erosion of the vessel stent. Discussion: A fistula between the ureter and the iliac artery (UAF) is a rare complication. The increase in known cases during the last years is linked to the possibility of ureteral stenting since 1978. Until now only 140 cases have been described in literature. The mortality rate through UAF has decreased from 69% in 1980 to 7-23% today. Its development can be traced through the pulsation of the artery and the pressure on the ureter. The most important clinical symptom is bleeding. Diagnosis is generally difficult and represents the real problem. The sensitivity of the standard angiography examination is 23- 41%; it can be improved to 63% using the “provocative” method, which means mobilizing the ureteral stent during examination. The therapy in course of the angiography consists of a simultaneous endovascular stent and/or a co-embolisation. Conclusion: Arterial or uretero-arterial fistulas (UAF) are a rare condition; the diagnosis is very difficult and most of the time the treatment requires a multidisciplinary team.
Verskillende beskouings in verband met die kategese
Authors: Beukes M.J. Du P.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Calvyn en die grense van die kerk
Authors: Spoelstra B.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Die problematiek rondom "gebedsgenesing" en die "genadegawes van genesing" soos wat dit in die pinksterbeweging geleer en beoefen word
Authors: Velthuysen G.C.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Die vrou in die kerklike amp – vanuit die nuwe-testamentiese perspektief
Authors: Engelbrecht J.J.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
'n Nuwere benadering tot "gattungsforschung"
Authors: Van Aarde A.G.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
An unknown chromosomal aberration in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Atli Emine Ikbal , Gurkan Hakan , Demir Ahmet Muzaffer
Published: October 2018

The genetic characterization of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has made significant progress over the past few years. Chromosomal abnormalities are detected in up to 80% of patients. Determination of new chromosomal disorders is important in the pathogenesis and treatment facilities. A patient was diagnosed with CLL Stage 2 on 2012 and followed since then by hematology clinic. She was 63 years old. Mature, small lymphocytes, and smudge cell was found in the patient's peripheral blood smear. Bone marrow (BM) biopsy made and hypercellularity showing infiltration of atypical cells with CD5+, CD20+, and CD23+ were determined. Hypoplasia is detected in myeloid/erythroid series, and Stage 2 reticular fibers proliferation were detected. The patient was followed up without medication. While follow-up of patient's white blood cell: 57300, hemoglobin: 5.36, and PLT: 99700 are determined in May 2014. According to the patient's flow results, CD5+, CD23+, and FMC7+ were detected. Mature, small lymphocytes and smudge cell was found in the patient's peripheral blood smear. In ultrasonography imaging, multiple laps were found in the abdomen and multiple neck lymph nodes were detected. The patient BM aspiration was performed in 2014, and hypercellularity was found to contain 54% of atypical lymphocytes in the BM. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis made two times in 2014. At first, FISH analysis patient's rate of 18% in RB1/13q14.2/13qter revealed a deletion of the gene regions. Patient's FISH result was reported as normal (for RB1/13q14.2/13qter) after 5 months at second analysis. Cytogenetic analysis is made from the patient's BM at the same time. According to the results of karyotyping and FISH, 47, XX, isochromosome 4q (+i4q) is determined. According to literature, extra isochromosome 4q is reported by our case for the first time in CLL. She was diagnosed with Stage 4 CLL and FISH treatment was initiated. Our patient showed disease progression compared to previous results. Hence, we offer that this evidence can be considered regarding triggering the disease's progression or as a result of disease progression i4q was occurred.
An analytical study of effect of the cell proliferation, half-life, and energy of radionuclides in targeted radiotherapy
Authors: Ranjbar Hassan
Published: October 2018

Aim:

The treatment of the cancers is one of the most important challenges of nuclear medicine. Using targeted radiotherapy has increased the hope for the cure of the cancers. In the targeted radiotherapy, proliferations of tumor cells during radiotherapy are believed to be main reasons of treatment defeat. The aim of this work is the investigation of the cell proliferation on tumor treatment.

Materials and Methods:

For this purpose, two scenarios were considered. The first scenario, in case of the tumor cells nonproliferation, surviving curve of irradiated cells is an exponential function of accumulated dose. The second scenario, Tumor cells proliferate exponentially with a growth constant and all tumor cells are assumed to be proliferating throughout irradiation.

Results:

In the nonproliferation condition, the surviving fraction of tumor cells decreases with time. In the proliferation cases, at the beginning of the irradiation, the surviving fraction of cells decreases. If the remained fraction of cells is reduced sufficiently by this time, the tumor may be treated. Unless, as the dose rate continues to decrease, the proliferation exceeds from the sterilization and the tumor cell population increases.

Conclusion:

Due to high dose-rate, the shorter decay half-life is more effective in comparison to longer ones.
IgG4-Related Disease Presenting as Cervical Lymphadenopathy
Authors: Wu Po-Hsuan , Chang Yu-Chen , Liao Li-Jen
Published: October 2018

Cervical lymph node enlargement as the first and sole manifestation of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is rare and is often difficult to distinguish from lymphoma. Here, we report a case of a 63-year-old man initially presenting with bilateral posterior neck masses. Ultrasonography revealed multiple matted, ovoid, homogenous, hypoechoic, and enlarged lymph nodes below the right parotid gland. In addition, there was heterogeneous echotexture with small and indistinct hypoechoic nodules over bilateral parotid and submandibular glands which suggested sclerosing sialadenitis. Pathology of the tissues obtained by core needle biopsy revealed reactive hyperplasia, but a diagnosis of lymphoma could not be excluded. Subsequently, excisional biopsy and serological tests were done. The diagnosis of IgG4-RD was confirmed due to marked elevation of serum IgG4 levels and pathological evidence of IgG+ and IgG4+ plasma cell infiltration in the lymph node specimen. The patient's neck masses subsided gradually after 1 week of oral steroid therapy. The differential diagnosis of IgG4-RD should always be considered when sclerosing sialadenitis is presented with cervical lymphadenopathy.
Quasimodular Hecke algebras and Hopf actions
Authors: Banerjee Abhishek
Published: October 2018

Let

\Gamma=\Gamma(N)

be a principal congruence subgroup of

SL_2(\mathbb Z)

. In this paper, we extend the theory of modular Hecke algebras due to Connes and Moscovici to define the algebra

\mathcal Q(\Gamma)

of quasimodular Hecke operators of level

\Gamma

. Then,

\mathcal Q(\Gamma)

carries an action of “the Hopf algebra

\mathcal H_1

of codimension 1 foliations” that also acts on the modular Hecke algebra

\mathcal A(\Gamma)

of Connes and Moscovici. However, in the case of quasimodular forms, we have several new operators acting on the quasimodular Hecke algebra

\mathcal Q(\Gamma)

. Further, for each

\sigma\in SL_2(\mathbb Z)

, we introduce the collection

\mathcal Q_\sigma(\Gamma)

of quasimodular Hecke operators of level

\Gamma

twisted by

\sigma

. Then,

\mathcal Q_\sigma(\Gamma)

is a right

\mathcal Q(\Gamma)

-module and is endowed with a pairing

(\_\_,\_\_):\mathcal Q_\sigma(\Gamma)\otimes \mathcal Q_\sigma(\Gamma)\longrightarrow \mathcal Q_\sigma(\Gamma).

We show that there is a "Hopf action" of a certain Hopf algebra

\mathfrak{h}_1

on the pairing on

\mathcal Q_\sigma(\Gamma)

. Finally, for any

\sigma\in SL_2(\mathbb Z)

, we consider operators acting between the levels of the graded module

\mathbb Q_\sigma(\Gamma)=\underset{m\in \mathbb Z}{\oplus}\mathcal Q_{\sigma(m)}(\Gamma)

, where

\sigma(m)=\begin{pmatrix} 1 & m \\ 0 & 1 \\ \end{pmatrix}\cdot \sigma

for any

m\in \mathbb Z

. The pairing on

\mathcal Q_\sigma(\Gamma)

can be extended to a graded pairing on

\mathbb Q_\sigma(\Gamma)

and we show that there is a Hopf action of a larger Hopf algebra

\mathfrak{h}_{\mathbb Z}\supseteq \mathfrak{h}_1

on the pairing on

\mathbb Q_\sigma(\Gamma)

.
When Ext is a Batalin–Vilkovisky algebra
Authors: Kowalzig Niels
Published: October 2018

We show under what conditions the complex computing general Ext-groups carries the structure of a cyclic operad such that Ext becomes a Batalin–Vilkovisky algebra. This is achieved by transferring cyclic cohomology theories for the dual of a (left) Hopf algebroid to the complex in question, which asks for the notion of contramodules introduced along with comodules by Eilenberg–Moore half a century ago. Another crucial ingredient is an explicit formula for the inverse of the Hopf–Galois map on the dual, by which we illustrate recent categorical results and answer a long-standing open question. As an application, we prove that the Hochschild cohomology of an associative algebra

A

is Batalin–Vilkovisky if

A

itself is a contramodule over its enveloping algebra

A \otimes A^\mathrm {op}

. This is, for example, the case for symmetric algebras and Frobenius algebras with semisimple Nakayama automorphism. We also recover the construction for Hopf algebras.
Riemannian submersions and factorization of Dirac operators
Authors: Kaad Jens , van Suijlekom Walter D.
Published: October 2018

We establish the factorization of Dirac operators on Riemannian submersions of compact spin

^c

manifolds in unbounded

KK

-theory. More precisely, we show that the Dirac operator on the total space of such a submersion is unitarily equivalent to the tensor sum of a family of Dirac operators with the Dirac operator on the base space, up to an explicit bounded curvature term. Thus, the latter is an obstruction to having a factorization in unbounded

KK

-theory. We show that our tensor sum represents the bounded KK-product of the corresponding

KK

-cycles and connect to the early work of Connes and Skandalis.
The Harish-Chandra isomorphism for quantum $GL_2$
Authors: Balagovic Martina , Jordan David
Published: October 2018

We construct an explicit Harish-Chandra isomorphism, from the quantum Hamiltonian reduction of the algebra

\mathcal D_q(GL_2)

of quantum differential operators on

GL_2

, to the spherical double affine Hecke algebra associated to

GL_2

. The isomorphism holds for all deformation parameters

q \in \mathbb C^{\times}

and

t \neq ± i

, such that

q

is not a non-trivial root of unity.
Housing Characteristics and Leishmaniasis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Calderon-Anyosa Renzo , Galvez-Petzoldt Camila , Garcia Patricia J. , Carcamo Cesar P.
Published: October 2018

Leishmaniasis is a major neglected tropical disease associated with high rates of disability and death. This disease is associated with poverty, which can be reflected in housing quality, especially in rural areas. This systematic review found that mud walls with cracks and holes, damp, and dark houses were risk factors for transmission of leishmaniasis. These characteristics create favorable conditions for sand fly breeding and resting as sand flies prefer humidity, warmth, and protection from sunlight during the day. Housing interventions might be a promising research area with a special focus on education as individual and collective protection for the effective control of leishmaniasis.
Widespread polar stratospheric ice clouds in the 2015–2016 Arctic winter – implications for ice nucleation
Authors: Voigt Christiane , Dörnbrack Andreas , Wirth Martin , Groß Silke M. , Pitts Michael C. , Poole Lamont R. , Baumann Robert , Ehard Benedikt , Sinnhuber Björn-Martin , Woiwode Wolfgang , Oelhaf Hermann
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Low planetary wave activity led to a stable vortex with exceptionally cold
temperatures in the 2015–2016 Arctic winter. Extended areas with temperatures
below the ice frost point temperature Tice persisted over weeks in the
Arctic stratosphere as derived from the 36-year temperature climatology of
the ERA-Interim reanalysis data set of the European Centre for Medium-Range
Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). These extreme conditions promoted the formation of
widespread polar stratospheric ice clouds (ice PSCs). The space-borne
Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) instrument on board
the CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite
Observation) satellite continuously measured ice PSCs for about a month with maximum
extensions of up to 2×106 km2 in the
stratosphere. On 22 January 2016, the WALES (Water Vapor Lidar Experiment in Space –
airborne demonstrator) lidar on board the High Altitude and Long Range
Research Aircraft HALO detected an ice PSC with a horizontal length of more
than 1400 km. The ice PSC extended between 18 and 24 km altitude and was
surrounded by nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) particles, supercooled ternary
solution (STS) droplets and particle mixtures. The ice PSC occurrence
histogram in the backscatter ratio to particle depolarization ratio optical
space exhibits two ice modes with high or low particle depolarization
ratios. Domain-filling 8-day back-trajectories starting in the high
particle depolarization (high-depol) ice mode are continuously below the NAT equilibrium temperature TNAT
and decrease below Tice∼10 h prior to the
observation. Their matches with CALIPSO PSC curtain plots demonstrate the
presence of NAT PSCs prior to high-depol ice, suggesting that the ice had
nucleated on NAT. Vice versa, STS or no PSCs were detected by CALIPSO prior
to the ice mode with low particle depolarization ratio. In addition to ice nucleation in STS potentially having
meteoric inclusions, we find evidence for ice nucleation on NAT in the
Arctic winter 2015–2016. The observation of widespread Arctic ice PSCs with
high or low particle depolarization ratios advances our understanding of ice
nucleation in polar latitudes. It further provides a new observational database for the parameterization of ice nucleation schemes in atmospheric
models.