bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Multi-Domain Unified Modeling and Optimization of a Micro Mirror
Authors: Liu Yang , Bao Fu Ting , Du Jia Jia
Published: November 2010

Referring to the natures of nonlinear dynamics and coupled energy domains presented by Micro-Opto-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MOEMS), a multi energy domain unified simulation language (modelica) based coupled modeling, simulation and optimization methodology is put forward. Then by choosing a micro mirror as the example, corresponding multi energy domain unified modeling and simulation processes of such a coupled micro device show the efficiency and convenience of this advanced modeling method. The dynamic input/output curves comparison also shows that the simulation result is accurate enough for system level design. At last, by using genetic optimization algorithm, the characteristics input/output curves of the micro mirror are converged to meet the ideal design requirement curves after 700 generations evolution. It proves the accuracy and efficiency of this system level simulation and optimization method.
Removal of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol by Iron and Manganese Oxides / Granular Activated Carbon with H2O2
Authors: Liu Zhen Zhong , Deng Hui Ping , Chen Zhan Li
Published: November 2010

Iron and manganese oxides/granular activated carbon composite (GACFM) was prepared via a chemical coprecipitation route, followed by a heat treatment at elevated temperature. The as–prepared GACFM was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The main iron and manganese oxides actually present in the composites were mainly composed of Fe3O4 ,Mn3O4 and (FeO)x(MnO)1-x. The adsorption and catalytic properties of GACFM and some conditions effects such as H2O2, pH , temperature and CO32- were studied for the removal of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) from aqueous medium. The adsorption of TCP on GACFM obeyed the Freundlich isotherms. When the initial concentration of H2O2 was 0.4mg/L , 5mg/L TCP removal rate was maximum on the GACFM. The treatment of TCP could be carried out at initial pH under 7.0. CO32- can scavenge •OH in solution and decreased TCP removal. In the whole, GACFM was satisfactory absorbent and catalyst for the removal of chlorophenol from water.
Development of Machining Method for Micromold
Authors: Bi Xue Feng , Wang Jin Sheng , Shi Jia Shun , Gong Ya Dong
Published: November 2010

Micromold manufacturing technology is very important for the mass production of micro parts. In this paper, modeling of micromold is established in 3D software firstly. The 3D modeling is input into machining simulation software Master CAM to simulate machining process. The machining parameters and cutting tool path are optimized in machining simulation. Machining G code of micromold obtained from post-process program of Master CAM is input into HMI system of Micro Machine Tool (MMT), and hence the micromold will be machined precisely in MMT.
An Investigation into the Microstructure of Adiabatic Shear Banding in AISI 1045 Hardened Steel due to High Speed Machining
Authors: Duan Chun Zheng , Zhang Liang Chi , Yu Hai Yang , Wang Min Jie
Published: November 2010

Adiabatic shear banding during high speed machining is important to understand material removal mechanisms. This paper investigates the microstructure of adiabatic shear bands (ASBs) in the serrated chips produced during the high speed machining of AISI 1045 hardened steel. Optical microscope, scanning electronic microscope(SEM) and transmission electronic microscope(TEM) were used to explore the microstructural characteristics. It was found that there are two types of adiabatic shear bands. One is the deformed adiabatic shear band composed of a significantly deformed structure generated in a range of low cutting speeds, and the other is the transformed adiabatic shear band composed of very small equiaxed grains generated under high cutting speeds. The results indicated that the deformed band has a tempered martensite structure that formed through large plastic deformation and the transformed band has experienced a dynamic recrystallization process.
Analysis of Actuator Performance Based on Actuator Efficiency in Flatness Control of Cold Rolling Mill
Authors: Wang Peng Fei , Zhang Wen Xue , Wang Yun Hui , Zhang Dian Hua
Published: November 2010

In order to improve the flatness of cold rolled strips, the accurate knowledge of actuator performance in flatness control is required. As the basis of flatness control, efficiencies of flatness actuators provide a quantitative description to the law of flatness control. In this paper, a 1250 single stand 6-H reversible UCM cold mill was taken as the object of this study, with efficiency factors of individual actuators analyzed for better flatness control. For the purpose of obtaining accurate efficiency factors matrixes of actuators, a self-learning determination model of actuator efficiency factors was established in accordance with the practical rolling processes. The actuator efficiency factors can be determined and improved continuously by the self-learning model with correlative measurement flatness data input. With this study, performance of actuators in flatness control of UCM cold rolling mill has been obtained, which provides a theoretical basis for better flatness control.
Strain Analysis on Weld Zone of Tailor Welded Blanks in the Case of Welded Seam Cracking
Authors: Hu Qiao Sheng , Ni Feng , Lin Jian Ping
Published: November 2010

A simulation model for the filling of a tubular cavity during water assisted injection molding is proposed. The polymer melt and water are assumed to be incompressible and to follow a Hele-Shaw fluid behavior. The finite element/finite difference/control volume methods are adopted for numerical simulation of the melt front, pressure at injection location variation, water thickness fraction and bulk temperature about a curved pipe, the simulation results have good agreement with the results presented in the former experiment. In comparison with the simulation result of gas-assisted injection molding, water assisted injection molding can give parts with thinner and more uniform walls and more rapid cooling.
Synthesis of Nanoscale Pd/Fe Bimetallic Particles on PVDF Membrane Matrix for Dechlorination of Monochloroacetic Acid
Authors: Meng Zhao Hong , Liu Yan , Liu Hui Ling
Published: November 2010

In this paper, polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) monomer on PVDF microfiltration (MF) membrane by dip-coating to immobilize Pd/Fe nanoparticles (NPs) was prepared. The modified PVDF membrane-immobilized Pd/Fe NPs was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), the result showed that the distribution of Pd/Fe nanoparticles was uniform. The modified PVDF membrane-immobilized Pd/Fe NPs were used to dechlorinate monochloroacetic acid (MCAA) exhibited high reactivity.
Modal Analysis and Testing of Large-Span Space Steel Structure
Authors: Tang Zhi Chao , Yin Zhong Jun , Chen Bing , Zhang Lian Wan
Published: November 2010

Large-span space steel structure, rotary hearth furnace lower ring, has dynamic stress at work caused by shock or vibration leading to the destruction of steel, so in the design of rotary hearth furnace lower ring, dynamic design is an essential part [1, 2]. Finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to build its finite element model. Modal analysis is carried on, and experimental data is compared with the calculation result, which effectively estimates the vibration characteristics and structural optimization design of the structure, and provides strong technical support for its design and manufacture[3, 4].
Phase-Field Modeling of Solute Trapping in Single-Phase Alloys during Directional Solidification
Authors: Xiao Rong Zhen , Wang Zhi Ping , Zhu Chang Sheng , Li Wen Sheng , Li Feng
Published: November 2010

The evolution of interface morphology for a single-phase Nickel-Copper binary alloy in directional solidification is studied by using a phase-field model cooperated solute concentration gradient corrections. The effect of pulling velocity V and strength of the crystalline anisotropy γ on interface morphology and the solute segregation is formulated. The results indicate that, the transition from plane to cells/fine cellular structures, then to planar structures(plane-cell-plane) will happen with the increment of V, and the level of solute trapping becomes stronger. When the crystal grows with cellular structures, γ crucially influences the interface pattern formation at the lower growth velocity, but the solute partition ratio is not significantly affected by the anisotropy strength. Then, the operating behavior for planar growth is hardly any affected by the crystalline anisotropy.
Temperature Gradient and Heat Conduction of Titanium Alloy during Laser Welding
Authors: Zhang Ke Rong , Zhang Jian Xun
Published: November 2010

This paper set a numerical calculation model with local mesh refined for laser welding of titanium alloy applying body heat source model which can accurately describe the shape of keyhole and molten pool on laser welded joint. It calculated the change patterns of the temperature distribution and heat conduction in region of gas, liquid, and solid phase under different laser energy density on the stage of heating and cooling. The results showed that with the increase of the laser energy density t, the dimension of keyhole and molten pool, the temperature gradient and the duration of gas and liquid phase on the stage of heating and cooling are all expected to increase. Under the same laser energy density, temperature gradient has a maximum value in the region of gas phase, secondly is in liquid phase, and minimum in solid phase.
Discussion on the Polarity Effect of EDM
Authors: Zhao Wei
Published: November 2010

the problem of polarity effect in EDM is researched in this paper. In order to find out the deterioration of the anode and the cathode, the experiment with single pulse is taken in kerosene oil. We find the deterioration of the anode is larger than that of the cathode even in the condition of large pulse width. But this result is contradictory with that gotten in electric discharge machining with continue pulses. Through analyzing the movement of the electron and positive ion in plasma canal, we explain the phenomenon above rationally.
Silicate-Based Passivation Technique on Alkaline Electrodeposited Zinc Coatings
Authors: Fan Yun Ying , Lin Ping , Shi Shao Dui
Published: November 2010

In order to reduce the environmental pollution from chromate used in plating factories, one new kind of non-chromium passivation solution containing silicate, hydrogen peroxide and fluoride ion, etc. has been explored to form blue-white conversion film on alkaline electrodeposited zinc coatings. The conversion films on zinc coatings with both glossy blue-white surface and high anti-corrosion performance have been obtained by optimizing the experimental conditions. The results show that silicate-based passivation technique is able to be widely applied to solve the problem of pollution caused by waste from plating industry in the future.
Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behavior of Friction Stir Spot Welded AZ61 Magnesium Alloys
Authors: Lin Ben Yuan , Liu Ju Jen , Lu Lee Der
Published: November 2010

In this study, the tensile shear strength and the fracture behavior of friction stir spot welded AZ61 joints in lap-shear configuration were investigated. The heat input was measured in FSSW to help analyze the effect of welding parameters on the strength. The tensile shear failure test was performed in a material testing system. The cross section of the joints and the fracture surface of the failed specimens were analyzed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Results show that the weld diameter and the tensile shear load increase with increasing the input heat. The path of the material flow formed during FSSW process would provide a good way for crack propagation. All failed specimens in this study appear the same fracture features and show a circumferential failure mode under tensile shear loading conditions. The failure is initiated from a notch tip in the upper sheet loading side, and then propagates along the interface of the upper and lower sheets, then through the stir zone circumference; finally, a small portion of the lower sheet in the lower sheet loading side is torn off with some part of the stir zone.
Investigation of the Tribological Properties of Si3N4 Ceramic Pair Lubricated by Emulsion of Alkane
Authors: Wu Zhi Yuan , Wang Shu Hui , Tian Xin Li , Zhang Shu
Published: November 2010

A series of experiment were performed to test the tribological properties of Si3N4 ceramic pair lubricated by emulsions of alkane. The experiment results showed that all alkane are very efficient lubricator for Si3N4 ceramic pair. The straight chain alkanes can perform better than branched paraffin or polycyclic saturated hydrocarbon. When added the liquid paraffin with chlorinated paraffin or Oleic acid, the lubrication property become poor. But added with silicone oil emulsion，the lubrication improve further. Base on the molecular structure of reagents, the causative mechanisms is investigated.
Model Analysis of Friction Coefficient Varied with Sulfide Layer Thickness on Hard Steel Surface
Authors: Jiang Jing Hua , Jiang Jian Qing , Ma Ai Bin , Zhang Xu Hai , Fang Feng , Wen Wen Feng
Published: November 2010

Based on the broadly obtained experimental results, a particular simulant curve was firstly given to visually describe the variety of friction coefficient (μ) with the thickness of sulfide layer on hard steel substrate. The curve includes two inflexions named super-critical thickness (tC2) and sub-critical thickness (tC1) respectively. By means of “micro-peak and soft/hard plane” contact model given in the present work, physical definition and influence factors of tC1and tC2 were discussed in detailed. Theory analysis presents that a friction-reducing coating would obtain a minimum of μ at tC1，and good friction-reducing and anti-wear behaviors with its thickness range from tC1to tC2. Therefore, it is beneficial to improve tC2 or decrease tC1, especially keep a wide difference ( tC = tC2 - tC1). Herein, two optimized designation principles of the sulfide layer on a hard steel substrate were presented, which apparently apply to all lubricate situation with soft layers.
Microstructure Characterization of Laser Clad TiVCrAlSi High Entropy Alloy Coating on Ti-6Al-4V Substrate
Authors: Huang Can , Zhang Yong Zhong , Vilar Rui
Published: November 2010

Due to the promising properties of high entropy alloy, TiVCrAlSi high entropy alloy coating was prepared on Ti-6Al-4V alloy surface by laser cladding. The microstructure and phase analysis of as-cast TiVCrAlSi alloy and laser clad coating were characterized by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. The results indicate that as-cast TiVCrAlSi alloy is mainly composed of (Ti,V)5Si3 and bcc phase. The laser clad coating is metallurgically bonded to the substrate with few pores and cracks. Laser clad TiVCrAlSi coating is also composed of (Ti,V)5Si3 and bcc phases.
Hardness and Wear Resistance of Ni/Al2O3 Composite Coatings by Electrodeposition
Authors: Chang Li Min , Liu Jian Hua , Zhang Rui Jun
Published: November 2010

Ni/Al2O3 composite coatings were prepared by direct current (DC), single pulse current (PC) and pulse reversal current (PRC), respectively. The hardness and wear resistance of the coatings were investigated and the morphology and elements distribution in cross-section were analyzed by the application of SEM/EDS, XRF and XRD equipped with stress measuring device. The results show that the hardness of the three kinds of coatings increase with increasing Al2O3 content. The coating prepared by PRC plating exhibits higher hardness and better wear resistance, while that of DC plating has lower hardness and poorer wear resistance. The higher hardness and better wear resistance of coating of PRC plating can be ascribed to fine microstructure and weaker stress between substrate and coatings.
Study on the Growth Mechanism of Electrolytic Chromium Coated Steel (ECCS)
Authors: Li Jian Zhong , Huang Jiu Gui , Zhou Geng Rui , Tian Yan Wen , Li Ying
Published: November 2010

The growth mechanism of ECCS was investigated by means of metallurgical microscope, SEM and XPS. The results show that the different modes of annealing and rolling have a remarkably effects on the surface morphology and grain size of TFS products. Compact surface Cr-coating of BA material with low porosity the grains are larger and coarser in comparison with that of CA material, while the evident microcracks are found in the surface Cr-coating of DR material. The chemical compositions of ECCS oxide film on steel mainly consist of CrOOH or Cr(OH)3 as the main composition, plus Cr2O3 in definite proportion and a small amount of H2O. Cr(OH)3 is mainly formed from cathodic films generated in the electroplating process. CrOOH as the intermediate resultant was formed in process of Cr(OH)3 loss water to generate Cr2O3.
Investigation on the TRIP Steel Sheet Forming Processes with Respect to Punch Speed Loading-Paths
Authors: Dan Wen Jiao , Zhang Wei Gang , Li Shu Hui
Published: November 2010

Loading path is one of importance factors that influence the formability of sheet forming process. In this study, the effect of punching speed loading paths (PSLP) on forming and spring-back processes of TRIP (transformation induced plasticity) steel has been investigated. Four kinds of loading paths with three punch speeds are introduced to verify the cup drawing and U-channel spring-back processes based on a constitutive model accompanying the strain-induced martensite transformation. The results show that higher punch speed results in the thickness uniformity of drawing cup and the spring-back angle of stamping U-channel increased with the same loading path. Furthermore, a given loading path (C4) not only increases the minimum thickness of cup but also decreases the spring-back angle of U-channel.
A Constitutive Model for Thixotropic Plastic Forming of Composites
Authors: Yan Hong , Wang Jian Jin , Zhang Fa Yun
Published: November 2010

A new constitutive model for semi-solid composites forming was derived with analyzing constitutive relationships of semi-solid metal and composites forming. Parameters in the constitutive model were determined by the multiple nonlinear regression method. A constitutive relationship of semi-solid SiCp/AZ61 composites thixotropic plastic forming was proposed. The calculated results were good agreement with the experimental ones. The proposed constitutive model has the higher forecast precision and practical significance. The construction of constitutive model provides references for the thixotropic forming theory, simulation and technology.
Optimizing the Machining Parameters in Glass Grinding Operation on the CNC Milling Machine for Best Surface Roughness
Authors: Sayuti Mohd , Mohammed Sarhan Ahmed Aly Diaa , Bin Abd Shukor Mohd Hamdi
Published: November 2010

Glass is one of the most difficult materials to be machined due to its brittle nature and unique structure such that the fracture is often occurred during machining and the surface finish produced is often poor. CNC milling machine is possible to be used with several parameters making the machining process on the glass special compared to other machining process. However, the application of grinding process on the CNC milling machine would be an ideal solution in generating special products with good surface roughness. This paper studies how to optimize the different machining parameters in glass grinding operation on CNC machine seeking for best surface roughness. These parameters include the spindle speed, feed rate, depth of cut, lubrication mode, tool type, tool diameter and tool wear. To optimize these machining parameters in which the most significant parameters affecting the surface roughness can be identified, Taguchi optimization method is used with the orthogonal array of L8(26). However, to obtain the most optimum parameters for best surface roughness, the signal to noise (S/N) response analysis and Pareto analysis of variance (ANOVA) methods are implemented. Finally, the confirmation test is carried out to investigate the improvement of the optimization. The results showed an improvement of 8.91 % in the measured surface roughness.
Effect of Loading Location of Viscous Medium on Sheet Deformation in Viscous Pressure Bulge (VPB) Test
Authors: Liu Jian Guang , Wang Zhong Jin , Meng Qing Yuan , Zheng Yu Long
Published: November 2010

Viscous pressure forming (VPF) uses a highly viscous but flowable material as pressure-carrying medium (PCM). Due to the relative low flowability of viscous medium compared with fluid, nonuniform pressure distribution in viscous medium can be used to control and regulate the deformation sequence of the workpiece through controlling the loading mode of viscous medium. In the present study, viscous pressure bulge (VPB) tests with three kinds of loading location of viscous medium (central zone, corner zone and the whole deformation zone) are conducted and the influences of loading location of viscous medium on sheet deformation behavior are investigated via numerical simulations and experiments. It is found that changing the loading location of viscous medium can greatly affect the deformation behavior of sheet metal. When the viscous medium is injected from the die corner zone, a local high pressure formed at the corner zone of sheet metal and a higher limiting dome height and strains are obtained.
Mechanical Properties and Porosity Content of A201 Aluminum Alloy Castings in Different Cooling Rate Sand Molds
Authors: Kuo Yeong Sant
Published: November 2010

A201 aluminum alloy plate castings with systematic change in the riser size, together with variation of thickness and length, were cast in different kinds of molds to find out the influence of cooling rate on the mechanical properties and porosity content. The sand molds with end chill for the plate castings were made of 100% silica sand (type A mold), 50%silica sand/50% chromite sand (type B mold) and 100% chromite sand (type Cmold). Both the porosity content and mechanical properties of A201 aluminum alloy plate casting are governed by the cooling rate. Both of tensile strength and elongation are reduced when the porosity content becomes more.
Study of Rolling Force Calculation Models for Cold Rolling Process
Authors: Jiao Zhi Jie , He Chun Yu , Li Jian Ping , Liu Xiang Hua
Published: November 2010

For cold rolling process, the theoretical Bland-Ford-Hill model and Hitchcock model are used for the rolling force and roll flatten radius calculation. Friction coefficient and deformation resistance are calculated with empirical regression models. From rolling force model, the recalculation model for the friction coefficient and deformation resistance can be derived. After rolling, with actual measured data, friction coefficient and deformation resistance can be recalculated, and model parameter can be got by regression method. The practical application verifies that the accuracy of rolling force calculation model is good.
Optimization of Drawbeads for Springback Based on RSM and NSGA-II
Authors: Cheng Lei , Zhang Wei , Lu Bao Chun , Gong Hui Jun , Song Yong Zheng
Published: November 2010

To improve material flow of sheet metal, draw beads are used to prevent wrinkling and springback during deep drawing process. Firstly, taking BenchMark2 "S-Rail-08" of NUMSIHEET’2008 as a study case, based on the orthogonal tests of finite element simulation of stamping process, a springback prediction model which adopts response surface method (RSM) was proposed to predict the springback influenced by draw beads parameters approximately. Then, in order to reduce springback, non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II), is implemented to inverse and optimize both geometry and layout parameters of draw beads cost-efficiently. Finally, the validation of optimal parameters set and the feasible of this optimize approach are confirmed by finite element simulation of S-Rail springback.
Research on Geometric Model for Axial Symmetry Aspheric Optical Parts Machining by Normal Equidistance Method
Authors: Wang Hong Chen
Published: November 2010

For difficulties in aspheric optical parts machining, a new principle of normal equidistance methods is put forward to machine axial symmetry aspheric optical parts. Taking the quadratic revolving surface as an example, by establishing its generatrix normal equidistance line model and necessary conditions to avoid interference in machining, its theory, shaping mechanism and configuration principle of machine are studied. And then its’ advantages are clarified.
High Quality Fiber Laser Cutting of Electronic Alumina Ceramics
Authors: Chen Xiao Chuan , Ji Ling Fei , Bao Yong , Jiang Yi Jian
Published: November 2010

In this paper, high quality cutting of 1 mm dense Al2O3 electronic ceramic processed by a fiber laser with spot diameter of 15 μm was reported. The narrow kerf with 30μm width was obtained with laser power of 100 W. 300 W is the laser power threshold of the kerf enlargement. Under higher laser power, the ceramics can be damage-free cut with higher cutting speed. Striation-free cutting could be achieved at 1000 W laser power with a cutting speed of 350 mm/s. The ratio of cutting speed to laser power for striation-free cutting was determined as 0.35. The black cutting surface was due to the mass tetragonal alumina induced by N2 as assist gas.
Experimental Investigation on Nanoprocessing of Stainless Steel Surface
Authors: Yang Hai Feng , Wang Yan Qing , Liu Lei , Fang Liang , Ge Shi Rong
Published: November 2010

Fabrication of friction reducing and anti-wear surface with regular micro/nanostructures is a hotspot of surface engineering studies nowadays. We present a simple and easily-controlled method for fabricating stainless steel-based nanostructures surface. First, by strictly controlling the number of femtosecond laser pulses, two kinds of nanostructures are fabricated. Then, forming mechanisms of nanodots and ripple structure are analyzed. Lastly, we obtained uniform large-area nanodots and ripple structures by adjusting the repetition rate of laser focus accurately. Therefore, this technique will provide a good method to investigate the tribological properties of controllable nanotexture surface.
Effect of Mineralizers on MnNb2O6 Powder Prepared by Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Pu Yong Ping , Zhuang Yong Yong , Chen Kai , Xu Ning
Published: November 2010

Pure MnNb2O6 powders was successfully prepared by hydrothermal method using Nb2O5•nH2O and Mn(NO3)2 as precursors and HCl, HF, NaOH, NH4OH solutions as mineralization agent. The phase composition and morphology of the prepared powder were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The effect of mineralizers on phase formation was investigated. The results show that the MnNb2O6 powders with crystallite size of ~24nm can be obtained with Mn(NO3)2 and Nb2O5•nH2O as precursors in neutral and alkaline solution at 200 for 168h. The particle size of the MnNb2O6 powder was ~300nm after heat treatment at a temperature of 600 . The SEM photographs show that the morphology of the MnNb2O6 powder are rod-like particles and the MnNb2O6 powders are highly dispersed.
Dimethyl Ether (DME): A New Alternative Fuel for Diesel Vehicle
Authors: Li Gen Bao
Published: November 2010

To use dimethyl ether as fuel for compression ignition engine to partially replace fossil oil, this study developed a city bus operating on DME blended with diesel oil. Considering fuel lubricity, viscosity, and calorific value, the optimized mixing ratio for blend fuel was chosen as 20 wt% DME in diesel oil (D20). Vapor pressure experiments carried out using a highly accurate thermophysical property measurement system showed that the backpressure for blended fuels must not be lower than 0.6Mpa to avoid vapor block in the engine fuel supply system. Moreover, because DME attacks conventional polymer sealants in the fuel system, new sealants made of nitrile rubber (NBR) were used to replace those original one. Experiments demonstrated that these were resistant to swelling by DME. For engine performance, it was found that fueled with D20, the rated engine power output can be comparable to that of diesel engine after increasing the supplied fuel amount per cycle, while the overall fuel economy was improved simultaneously. Moreover, for load characteristics at 1800r/min, over 70% reduction in smoke and 20% reduction in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission were achieved, indicating that using DME blends as fuel can significantly improve the engine emissions.
Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Coke Oven Gas to Syngas over Ni/SiO2 Catalyst Modified by Rare Earth Metal Oxide in a Membrane Reactor
Authors: Hu Da Hai , Lu Xiong Gang , Cheng Hong Wei , Ding Wei Zhong
Published: November 2010

The performance of Ni/SiO2 Catalysts modified by La2O3, ZrO2 and CeO2 were tested in a BaCo0.7Fe0.2Nb0.1O3-δ (BCFNO) membrane reactor by catalytic partial oxidation of coke oven gas (COG) under atmospheric pressure. The results show that the oxygen permeation flux increased dramatically with Ni/RxOy/SiO2 (R = La, Zr or Ce) catalysts by adding the element of rare earth especially the La during the reforming reaction. At optimized reaction conditions, the dense oxygen permeable membrane had an oxygen permeation flux around 16.4 ml/cm2•min and a CH4 conversion of 99.2% have been achieved at 900 oC.
A Proof of the Modification Theory Formula of Toroidal Worm-Gearing
Authors: Xu Hua , Zhou Liang Yong , Wen Qing Ming , Tang Wei Xiang
Published: November 2010

During the research of the modification theory of toroidal worm-gearing, new theory of modification of toroidal worm-gearing is discussed. This paper mainly gives the proving process of the curvature modification formula[1] in theory. Accordingly, the principle of curvature modification is established.
Microbial Fermentation Simultaneous Extraction Processing of Oil and Protein from Soybean
Authors: Wu Hai Bo , Jiang Lian Zhou , Zhu Xiu Qing , Wu Hai Tao , Li Yang
Published: November 2010

Although enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction processing (EAEP) is an environmentally friendly alternative technology to hexane extraction of soybean oil，it’s application is limited by enzyme price. This processing employs microbial fermentation to extract oil and protein from a variety of pretreatment full fat soy flours, and optimizes the fermentation conditions using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The results showed that extrusion combination with wet- thermal treatment were beneficial to improving oil and protein extraction, and total oil extraction yield achieve the highest value 95.1% at 7.4% extruded full fat soy flour, 5.4% inoculation volume, the initial pH8.4. At this condition, protein extraction yield reached to 86.1%. These advances make the microbial fermentation extraction processing attractive channel as the front-end of a soybean biorefinery.
Improvement of the Photovoltaic Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells by Using Mesoporous Carbon in Polyvinylidene Fluoride/1-Methyl-3-Hexylimidazolium Iodide Gel Electrolyte
Authors: Wang Gui Qiang , Wang Liang , Zhuo Shu Ping
Published: November 2010

Mesoporous carbon (MC) materials with wormhole-like mesopores were prepared and incorporated into the polymer gel electrolyte comprising of polyvinylidene fluoride and 1-methyl-3-hexylimidazolium iodide. These gel composites were employed as the electrolyte for quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells. The photovoltaic performance of the quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells improved through incorporating MC into electrolyte. The dye-sensitized solar cell with composite gel electrolyte containing 3 wt% MC achieved the best photovoltaic performance, and the corresponding open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density, fill factor and overall conversion efficiency were 0.59V, 13.22 mAcm-2, 0.66 and 5.15%, respectively. The stability of dye-sensitized solar cells with composite gel electrolyte was found to be far superior to the cell with organic liquid electrolyte.
Crystal Structure and Electrochemical Properties of AB3.8-Type Earth Mg Ni-Based Hydrogen Storage Alloys
Authors: Deng An Qiang , Fan Jing Bo , Qian Ke Nong
Published: November 2010

La0.8-xPrxMg0.2Ni3.8 (x=0,0.15,0.3,0.4) alloys were prepared by induction melting followed by annealing treatment at 1173K for 24 h. Alloys structure and electrochemical properties of different Pr elecment have been studied systematically by X-ray diffraction(XRD) with the Rietveld methold , scanning electron microscope (SEM)and electrochemical experiments. Alloys structure analyses show that all of the alloys mainly consisted of complex phases such as (La,Pr,Mg)5Ni19 phase(Ce5Co19-type,SG:R-3m), (La,Pr,Mg)5Ni19 phase (Pr5Co19-type, SG:P63/mmc)and (La,Pr)Ni5 phase(CaCu5-type,SG:P6/mmm), Pr eletment was benefited to the formation of Pr5Co19-type phase, The (La,Pr,Mg)5Ni19 phase not only exists in high temperature area but also exists in low temperature area.The activation characteristic and maximum discharge capacity got worse with increasing Pr content,At the same time, The Pr5Co19–type phase and Ce5Co19–type phase all had better electrochemical cyclic stability than the PuNi3-type phase in earth–Mg–Ni-based Hydrogen Storage Alloys.The cyclic stability of alloy electrodes was a closely related to the stacking structures consisting of one Laves-type slab (AB2) and three CaCu5-type slabs (AB5) along the c-axis.
Fatigue Strength& Analysis of Diesel Engine Piston on Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Wang Yan Xia , Gao Hui
Published: November 2010

In this work, the variational trend of the stresses for the diesel engine piston under the operation conditions is analyzed by using finite element method (FEM) and the fatigue strength of the diesel engine piston is evaluated. The muhiaxial stress was converted into the uniaxial stress with the maximum principal stress method, and the material curve is amended by Goodman’s amendment. Finally the fatigue life and the fatigue safety factor of the diesel engine piston is obtained, which provides a better reference for structural improvements and optimization for the design of the piston.
The Optimization Design of the Pressure Foot Mechanism in a Single-Sheet Feeder
Authors: Shi Xiang Dong , Shen Shao Hua , Wang Yi Ming
Published: November 2010

Based on the analysis of the working principle of the pressure foot (the cam- linkage compound mechanism) in a single-sheet feeder, using VB to develop the design of cam mechanism, a mathematical model of optimization design is set-up in which the object function is the minimum deviation between the real locus of the pressure foot and the required locus. The resolving method for this model is also studied with one real example. It is practically valuable.
Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of Li3V2(PO4)3 Cathode Materials by Microwave-Heated Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Jiang Bo Quan , Hu Shu Fen , Wang Min Wei
Published: November 2010

The lithium vanadium phosphate (Li3V2(PO4)3 solid cathode materials were synthesized by microwave-heated sol-gel method using lithium hydroxide, ammonium metavanadate, phosphate and citric acid as starting materials. The test was conducted with orthogonal experiment method. The optimal conditions for (Li3V2(PO4)3 synthesis were determined to be microwave heating time of 10 min, microwave power of 700 W, Li/V molar ratio of 3.05:2.0 and pH value(gel solution) of 7.0. The synthesized (Li3V2(PO4)3 under the optimal conditions demonstrated perfect crystal growth and good electrochemical performance with initial charge/discharge specific capacity of 172.42 mAh·g-1/154.93 mAh·g-1 and discharge decay rate of 2.25 % after 50 cycles. The lithium ion diffusion coefficient was determined to be 1.434 ×10-8 cm2·s-1 by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and mathematical models derived from simulative equivalent circuit.
Virtual Manufacture of the Twist Drill Flute in UG
Authors: Gao Pu , Wang Xiao Heng
Published: November 2010

The mathematical model of the twist drill flute is discussed in the paper. The cutting tool path to machine the twist drill flute is obtained under the certain parameters in UG. And the NC machining of the twist drill flute is simulated too. After post-processing, the NC code is obtained and it is verified by virtual manufacture.
Energy Consumption Analysis of Variable Flow Pump under Different Pipe Network
Authors: Ge Feng Hua , Yu Qiu Sheng , Hu Zi Cheng
Published: November 2010

In the different types of pipe network, the running performances of the variable flow pump were calculated, using pipe valve control, the number of units control and the frequency control to adjust water flow of system, and the impacts of pipeline types on energy consumption of variable flow pump were discussed. The relationships between performance of the pipe network and pump operating condition were analyzed, including the relationship between various flow control methods and pump energy consumption. The calculated results show that the pipe characteristic produces a great impact on energy consumption of variable flow pump. The adjusting flow of system by increasing pipe resistance can also reduce pump’s energy consumption, and the amount of energy reduced is greater in closed circulation pipeline than in open type pipeline. The variable frequency drive mode has big and different impacts on energy consumption between closed circulation and open type pipeline, the greater the static pressure value, the smaller the energy saving effect. The number control and the frequency control for pump are two effective methods of energy adjustment in the loop pipe networks, the change rates of power and flow do not meet the similarity law dew to the pipe network changed.
Preparation and Properties of Knitted Coated Fabric with Flame Retardancy
Authors: Di Jian Feng , Xu Jie , Du Wen Qin
Published: November 2010

Due to its excellent performance, special style and variable function, coated fabric is used more and more widely by the public. At present, there are lots of coated fabrics, most of which are made from woven fabric, knits are rarely used. The reason is knitted fabric has good elasticity and large deformation. Therefore, it is difficult to control the tension in the direct coating process. In this paper, the transfer coating process is adopted to solve this problem. First of all, knitted fabric was finished by padding flame retardant, then coated with polyurethane(PU) which includes flame retardant. The optimum transfer coating process is obtained by orthogonal experiment. Knitted coated fabrics with flame retardancy are manufactured by the optimum coating process. Washing durability of coated fabric was tested through the washing test. The results showed that the coated fabric has good flame retardancy and the washing durability.
Study on Adsorbing Chromium(VI) Ions in Wastewater by Aureobacidium pullulans Secretion of Melanin
Authors: Yu Xiao Hong , Gu Zhen Xin , Shao Rong , Chen Hong Xing , Wu Xiang Jin , Xu Wei
Published: November 2010

Heavy water is a class of highly contaminated waste water, even if the concentration is small, it can cause harm, and the toxicity is long-term sustainability.In this paper, Aureobasidium pullulans secretion of melanin were used for adsorption of Cr6+ ions in waste water.Aureobasidium pullulans strain were activated, cultured for seed and fermented, so that secreted melanin. The Aureobasidium pullulans secretion of melanin were made of dry cell, four factors such as pH, time, amount of bacteria,temperature and three level orthogonal experimental made for adsorption of chromium metal.Results showed, adsorption of chromium metal by dry cells for the best conditions: control temperature 30 , pH 3, the adsorption time was 2 hours, the absorption rate was 27%; and reached the four factors on the adsorption of Cr6+ for Aureobasidium pullulans followed the order: pH> bacteria amount> of time> temperature. In the best adsorption conditions were wet cell assay for adsorption of chromium metal. With 4% (V/V) hydrogen peroxide of 0.01ml/mg bleaching for the dry and wet cell, then for its adsorption of chrome metal. The results showed that the order of effect on adsorption of heavey metal ions by Aureobasidium were: the dry cells secretion of melanin> the wet cells secretion of melanin > decolorized dry cells> decolorized wet cells. It showed that adsorption ability of heavy metals by Aureobasidium pullulans was related to its secretion of melanin.
A 3D FEM Methodology for the Full-Scale Air Hammer Bit, Teeth and Rock Contact Analysis
Authors: Zhu Hai Yan , Liu Qing You , Xiao Xiao Hua , Jing Jia Jia
Published: November 2010

In order to reveal the physical mechanism of air hammer drilling process, using the finite element methods (FEM), a three-dimensional (3D) contact model of full-scale bit, full-scale teeth and rock is established by using free meshing method. We use a Mohr-Coulomb type material model to describe when and how rock fails, and a triangular wave to replace the stress wave. Using the finite element analysis software (ANSYS), the 3D contact analysis of the bit, teeth and rock is carried out. The results show that: aggressive tensile failure may be primarily responsible for rock breakage in air hammer drilling, while compressive failure (or shear failure) may only contribute as a minor player; the distribution of the fragmentation dents can be used to verify the rationality of tooth arrangement; the larger tooth-hole stress of the outside rows mainly responses for the bit failure, while the larger tooth stress of the inside rows contributes as a secondary factor. The results are further calibrated with a series of field applications and research results.
Initiative Design on Combined Stepless Transmission
Authors: Xi Xiang Ru
Published: November 2010

this paper makes use of the bifurcated power theories researching combined stepless transmission bifurcated characteristic, and put forward an initiative design method which used controlling the system bifurcated power to confirm each parts of system’s drive ratio and geometry parameter, supplying the theory foundation and method for the same type transmission design.
Continuous Rotary Motor Electro-Hydraulic Servo System Based on Discrete Sliding Mode Controller
Authors: Wang Xiao Jing , Shao Jun Peng , Jiang Ji Hai
Published: November 2010

In order to suppress the periodic interference of continuous rotary electro-hydraulic servo motor, make the motor tracking periodic signals more accurate, and improve the influence of friction interference on the performance of continuous rotary electro-hydraulic servo motor, mathematic model of continuous rotary motor electro-hydraulic position servo system was established, and the compound control method based on the discrete sliding mode controller was adopted to suppress the friction interference. Through the simulation, the result confirms that the discrete sliding mode controller decreases the tracking error of the system, increases the system robust performance and improves performance of continuous rotary electro-hydraulic servo motor. This method is simple and feasible.
Study on Microstructure and Properties of BTBY Piezoelectric Ceramics with High Curie Temperature
Authors: Li Bo , Gao Feng , Liu Liang Liang , Xu Bei
Published: November 2010

(1-x)(0.6BIT-0.4BT)-xBiYbO3(BTBY) ceramics with high Curie temperature were prepared by the conventional processing. The effect of BiYbO3 content on the microstructure and electrical properties was investigated. The results show that the main phase of BTBY ceramics is BIT-BT, and a new phase BaBi4Ti4O15 (BBT) appeared. The grain morphology of BTPY ceramics are platelike and the grain size was significantly increased with increasing content of BiYbO3 .Tc of all the BTBY samples are above 440 . The BTBY ceramics show obvious dielectric relaxor characteristic. The dispersion factor γ, the dielectric constant εr, and the dielectric loss tanδ decreased with increasing the content of BiYbO3. When the content of BiYbO3 is 0.06, the optimal properties of BTBY ceramics are obtained, Tc is 457 , εr is 165, tanδ is 0.0223 and d33 is 10 pC·N-1.
Study of Key Technology on a Novel Automated Balancing Machine
Authors: Zhang Zhi Yuan , Li Ju Li , Li Qi
Published: November 2010

Structure, composition and control system of a novel automated balancing machine which can realize automated measurement and correction are introduced. A data acquisition card is used to obtain the real-time unbalanced signal. The magnitude of rotor’s unbalance and the mass need to be removed is calculated according to the unbalanced measurement principle. Then the feed which is needed to complete the correction is deduced. The AC servo motors with high precision and fast response are used to achieve fast and accurate unbalance measurement and correction. A prototype according to the principle is manufactured to test the thinking. Experiments proved that the unbalance reducing rate at one time correction more than 95%. It is necessary to further industrial development.
Cracking Analysis of Q235-B Steel Plate in Cold-Bend Process
Authors: Chen Li Qiong , Wang Feng , Zhang Peng
Published: November 2010

Q235-B steel plate occurs local cold-bend cracks which were inspected by macro-analysis, and it’s profile was inspected by metallurgical microscope and SEM. Serious segregation was found at portion of steel plate, moreover uneven metallurgical and thick inclusion were found. Spectrum results declared those inclusions were sulfides. Those inclusions and serious segregation were reasons that cause cracks.
A Novel Optic Senor for Real-Time Metal Analysis in the BOF Steelmaking Process
Authors: Zhang Meng , Chen Yan Ru , Xu Ling Fei , Wang Yong Qing
Published: November 2010

A fiber optic senor for carbon content measurement of the molten steel in a basic oxygen furnace (BOF) is described. The sensor includes a fiber optic cable for transmission of the optical radiation from the radiation collection head to the multi-wavelength detection unit located in remote area from a furnace. The radiation collection head includes a telephoto lens aimed at the furnace mouth to collect, and thus enhance, the effective radiant energy emitted from the hostile environment adjacent a furnace as well as to reduce spurious radiations from other nearby furnaces. The detection unit based on emission spectroscopy converts the radiations into digital signals and the signal information processed to determine the carbon content of the steel contained in the metallurgical furnace. The Preliminary results after online carbon content sensing are discussed.
Experiment Study on Safety Evaluation of L245A-Pipe Steel in Wet H2S Environment
Authors: Zhang Peng , Chen Li Qiong , Biao Yang
Published: November 2010

As Pipeline in Wet H2S environment must consider its anti-hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) and sulfide stress corrosion cracking (SSCC) performance, in this paper, to ensure L245A-pipe mechanical properties qualified under the premise, according to NACE TM 0284-2003 and NACE TM 0177-2005 standard conducted a test evaluation in Wet H2S in the context of anti-hydrogen-induced cracking performance (HIC) and sulfide stress corrosion cracking resistance (SSCC) and came L245A-pipe in standard Wet H2S environment didn’t produce hydrogen-induced cracking, occurred sulfide stress corrosion cracking, the design conditions and working conditions are no stress corrosion cracking conclusions. And make recommendations on the safe operation in Wet H2S.