bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TP découverte : métallisation d’une pièce en polymère
Authors: Gerges T. , Lombard P. , Allard B. , Cabrera M.
Published: June 2022

La formation spécialisée en plastronique à Lyon propose aux étudiants de découvrir les étapes fondamentales de cette technologie dans un environnement équipé et adapté pour stimuler leurs capacités et leur curiosité. Un travail pratique de 4 h leur offre la possibilité de découvrir la procédure et les différentes applications de multiples techniques liées à la métallisation autocatalytique et la caractérisation physico-chimique. À l’issue de ce travail, les étudiants sont capables de fournir une pièce métallisée et caractérisée, ainsi qu’un rapport détaillant leurs analyses et observations sur la méthodologie et les résultats, et soutenus par une bibliographie. Cet article décrit les étapes du travail expérimental, dont l’objectif est de réaliser un dispositif concret qui éveille l’intérêt de l’étudiant, en limitant la complexité à un niveau raisonnable.
TP/Projet d’introduction aux systèmes embarqués : réalisation d’une station météo
Authors: Madec M. , Werling L. , Omran H. , Dervieux E. , Hingre Th. , Phimant A. , Frey M. , Uhring W.
Published: June 2022

Cet article décrit un TP d’introduction aux systèmes embarqués réalisés avec les étudiants de Télécom Physique Strasbourg en deuxième année du cycle de formation ingénieur (BAC +4). Il vise à introduire les concepts fondamentaux des systèmes embarqués sur un exemple concret, en l’occurrence la réalisation d’une station météo, avec une approche de type projet. Les travaux pratiques se déroulent sur 2 jours (16 heures) pendant lesquels les étudiants apprennent à utiliser les fonctionnalités avancées du microcontrôleur (interruptions et timers), les protocoles de communication standards (SPI, I2C et 1-wire) et mettent en place une communication de type UART entre deux microprocesseurs.
Enhanced corrosion resistance to molten iron of carbon bricks through nano-scale micropores and alumina addition
Authors: Wang Zhongyi , Wang Cui , Zhang Jianliang , Chen Qianwan , Jiao Kexin , Li Xiaolei , Liu Zhengjian , Gao Shanchao , Guo Ziyu
Published: June 2022

The composition and micropores characteristics of carbon bricks have significant influence on their corrosion resistance to molten iron. In this study, the corrosion of an ultra-microporous carbon brick (MG carbon brick) in molten iron was studied by the rotating cylinder method. The results indicated that the corrosion resistance to molten iron of the MG carbon brick was better than that of the NMA carbon brick, especially under the conditions of low carbon, high sulfur and low titanium molten iron. The nano-scale micropores and the addition of Al2O3 were the main factors which made the MG carbon brick more resistant to corrosion by molten iron than the NMA carbon brick. In terms of chemical composition, the MG carbon brick contained 8.74 wt.% Al2O3 and 6.91 wt.% SiC, while their content in the NMA carbon brick was very little. The corrosion resistance to molten iron of carbon bricks can be enhanced by adding Al2O3. But it cannot be ignored that the thermal stability of the carbon brick would deteriorate due to the addition of Al2O3. Moreover, because of the better properties of the MG carbon brick in terms of average pore size and ≤1 μm pore volume, the MG carbon brick had better permeation resistance to molten iron than the NMA carbon brick.
Characterization of the copper rich phase precipitation behavior and comprehensive properties of austenitic stainless steel
Authors: Zhao Guanghui , Li Juan , Cai Zhihui , Li Huaying , Haitao Liu , Ma Lifeng
Published: June 2022

Antibacterial austenitic stainless steel was nominated as a new biomaterial material. The copper rich phase precipitation behavior and comprehensive properties in copper-containing austenitic stainless steel after different aging treatment were systematically studied. It was found that a large number of dispersed copper rich phases developed at 750–800 °C. At 800 °C, copper rich phase precipitated quickly within 1 h, but grew and coarsened slowly in the later stage. The hardness of the material increased gradually with the precipitation of copper rich phase, until it reached the maximum after 6 h and tended to be stable. However, with the extension of aging time, high concentration of copper rich phase destroyed the passive film on the surface of stainless steel and accelerated the matrix corrosion, but promoted the release of copper ions and improved the antibacterial property. Therefore, the comprehensive experimental results indicated that 3.60% Cu-304L stainless steel treated by solid solution at 1050 °C for 5 min and aged at 800 °C for more than 6 h had good corrosion resistance and antibacterial property. These results could provide theoretical guidance for the optimal design of copper containing antibacterial stainless steel in production process.
Update Mammakarzinom 2021 Teil 5 – fortgeschrittenes Mammakarzinom
Authors: Lüftner Diana , Schütz Florian , Stickeler Elmar , Fasching Peter A. , Janni Wolfgang , Kolberg-Liedtke Cornelia , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Thomssen Christoph , Müller Volkmar , Fehm Tanja N. , Belleville Erik , Bader Simon , Untch Michael , Welslau Manfred , Thill Marc , Tesch Hans , Ditsch Nina , Lux Michael P. , Wöckel Achim , Aktas Bahriye , Schneeweiss Andreas , Würstlein Rachel , Hartkopf Andreas D.
Published: June 2022

Trotz der COVID-19-Pandemie und weitgehend virtueller Kongresse schreitet die Innovation in Bezug auf die Behandlung von Patientinnen mit Mammakarzinom mit ungebremster Geschwindigkeit fort. Dieser Übersichtsartikel fasst die aktuellen Entwicklungen zusammen. Die ersten Daten zum Gesamtüberleben für eine Therapie mit einem CDK4/6-Inhibitor in Kombination mit einem Aromatasehemmer bei nicht vorbehandelten, postmenopausalen Patientinnen in der ersten fortgeschrittenen Therapielinie wurden veröffentlicht. Ebenso zeigte eine Studie, die Trastuzumab-Deruxtecan mit Trastuzumab-Emtansin verglich, einen deutlichen Vorteil in Bezug auf das progressionsfreie Überleben. Die Kenntnisse über Biomarker, die eine Therapie mit einem Checkpoint-Inhibitor besonders effektiv machen, nehmen zu, und neue Substanzen wie die oralen selektiven Östrogenrezeptor-Destabilisatoren (SERDs) halten Einzug in die klinische Entwicklung und schließen die ersten Phase-III-Studien ab.
Wenn hoch hinaus Beschwerden macht – Fallbeispiel Hüftschmerz
Authors: Luomajoki Hannu , Lüdtke Kerstin
Published: June 2022

Der sportliche Herr M. hat Schmerzen in der rechten Hüfte. Als sein Arzt per Röntgenbild eine Hüftgelenkarthrose diagnostizierte, ging er zur Physiotherapie. Diese half nicht, und die Schmerzen blieben über drei Jahre gleich. Erst als ihn Physiotherapeut Hannu Luomajoki erneut behandelt, zeigt sich die wahre Ursache der Beschwerden.
Bewegung visuell simulieren – Im Test: Therapiesystem IVS3
Authors: Haase Sarah , Heckmann Charlotte
Published: June 2022

Ein neues visuomotorisches Simulationstraining für Menschen nach Schlaganfall soll dabei helfen, die Bewegungskontrolle und -planung zu verbessern. Charlotte Heckmann und Sarah Haase berichten von ihren Erfahrungen mit dem Therapiesystem IVS3.
Abgesenkt – Hyperpronation des Fußes
Authors: Ulrich Markus , Lohmann Eva
Published: June 2022

Ein zu schwaches Fußgewölbe kann nicht nur zu Deformitäten wie einer Hyperpronation führen, sondern auch Risikofaktor für untere Rückenschmerzen sein. Ein simpler Test wie der Navicular Drop und einige effektive Übungen im Sitz, Stand und in der Bewegung helfen, das Fußgewölbe zu stärken.
HTX-011 in Combination with Multimodal Analgesic Regimen Minimized Severe Pain and Opioid Use after Total Knee Arthroplasty in an Open-Label Study
Authors: Lee Gwo-Chin , Berkowitz Richard , Hacker Scott , Hu Jia , Rechter Alan
Published: June 2022

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can be associated with significant postoperative pain despite multimodal analgesic (MMA) protocols, and most patients require the use of opioids postoperatively. HTX-011 is a dual-acting local anesthetic containing bupivacaine and low-dose meloxicam in an extended-release polymer. In a prior randomized controlled trial (RCT), HTX-011 reduced pain and opioid use through 72 hours after TKA compared with bupivacaine hydrochloride. This open-label study (NCT03974932) evaluated the efficacy and safety of HTX-011 combined with an MMA regimen in patients undergoing TKA under spinal anesthesia. All patients received intraoperative HTX-011 (400 mg bupivacaine/12 mg meloxicam) in combination with an MMA regimen consisting of preoperative acetaminophen, celecoxib, and pregabalin and postoperative acetaminophen and celecoxib until discharge. Opioid rescue was allowed upon patient request for additional pain control. Pain scores, opioid consumption, discharge readiness, and adverse events were recorded. Fifty-one patients were treated. Compared with the prior RCT, HTX-011 with this MMA regimen further lowered pain scores and reduced opioid use. Mean patient-reported pain scores remained in the mild range, and 82% of patients or more did not experience severe pain at any individual time point through 72 hours after surgery. Mean total opioid consumption was low over 72 hours: 24.8 morphine milligram equivalents (1–2 tablets of oxycodone 10 mg/day). Approximately 60% of patients were ready for discharge by 12 hours, and 39% were discharged without an opioid prescription and did not call back for pain management. The treatment regimen was well tolerated, and no added risk was observed with the addition of MMA. HTX-011 with an MMA regimen reduced postoperative pain and opioid use following TKA.
Regierungskommission zur Krankenhausreform: Lauterbachs 16
Authors: Kohrs Jens
Published: June 2022

So unstrittig der Reformdruck für das deutsche Gesundheitswesen auch ist – wenn es darum geht, wer über die nächsten Schritte mitentscheiden darf, gibt es schnell Disput. Das gilt auch für die Regierungskommission, von der der Bundesgesundheitsminister jetzt entscheidende Empfehlungen erwartet.
Datenschutzstreit in der Hauptstadt: Schilda an der Spree
Authors: Doelfs Guntram
Published: June 2022

Berliner Kliniken haben für mehr als 200 Millionen Euro Fördermittel nach dem KHZG beantragt, darunter sind cloud- bzw. netzwerkbasierte Projekte wie Patientenplattformen. Weil der Berliner Senat gleichzeitig im Oktober den Datenschutz verschärfen will, werden viele geförderte Projekte gleich wieder ausgebremst.
Personalplanung und -steuerung: Projekt KI-PEPS – eine Zwischenbilanz
Authors: Pradtke André , Otten Marc
Published: June 2022

Das Forschungsprojekt „KI unterstützte Personaleinsatzplanung und -steuerung im Gesundheitswesen“, kurz KI-PEPS, hat untersucht, wie der Einsatz von künstlicher Intelligenz die Krankenhausmitarbeiter bei der Personalplanung und -steuerung unterstützen kann.
ÖVKT-Arbeitsgruppe Energie und Umwelt: Klimawandel – handeln!
Authors: Lackner Martin
Published: June 2022

Mitte Mai letzten Jahres wurde die Arbeitsgruppe Energie und Umwelt des ÖVKT ins Leben gerufen. Durch das Vernetzen, Lernen und Vergleichen mit Gleichgesinnten will sie den Transformationsprozess hin zu einem emissionsarmen Krankenhausbetrieb beschleunigen.
Three-dimensional measurement of the droplets out of focus in shadowgraphy systems via deep learning-based image-processing method
Authors: Wang Zhibo , He Feng , Zhang Haixiang , Hao Pengfei , Zhang Xiwen , Li Xiangru
Published: June 2022

For the shadowgraphy techniques with a single camera, it is difficult to accurately obtain the shape, size, and depth location of the droplets out of focus due to the defocus blur. This paper proposed a deep learning-based method to recover the sharp images and infer the depth information from the defocused blur droplets images. The proposed model comprising of a defocus map estimation subnetwork and a defocus deblur subnetwork is optimized with a two-stage strategy. To train the networks, the synthetic blur data generated by the Gauss kernel method are utilized as the input data, which mimic the defocused images of droplets. The proposed approach has been assessed based on synthetic images and real sphere blur images. The results demonstrate that our method has satisfactory performance both in terms of depth location estimation and droplet size measurement, e.g., the diameter relative error is less than 5% and the location error is less than 1 mm for the sphere with a diameter of more than 1 mm. Moreover, the present model also exhibits considerable generalization and robustness against the transparent ellipsoid and the random background noise. A further application of the present model to the measurement of transparent water droplets generated by an injector is also explored and illustrates the practicability of the present model in real experiments. The present study indicates that the proposed learning-based method is promising for the three-dimensional (3D) measurement of spray droplets via a combination of shadowgraphy techniques using a single camera, which will greatly reduce experimental costs and complexity.
Towards an optical time scale at VNIIFTRI
Authors: Sutyrin D.V. , Gribov A.Yu. , Balaev R.I. , Gorokhina A.A. , Pal’chikov V.G. , Malimon A.N. , Slyusarev S.N.
Published: June 2022

A frequency chain for converting the frequency of an optical clock based on ultracold 87Sr atoms is updated for its comparison with the frequency of microwave standards from the State Primary Standard of time and frequency units and the national time scale, GET 1-2018. The results of the corresponding experiments are reported and analysed. An instrumental complex for reproducing and keeping the time and frequency units and the national time scale of the primary standard is described; this complex includes an optical clock based on strontium atoms and microwave standards of new generation. The order of the atomic time scale generation with application of optical clocks is also determined.
Characteristics of a heterodyne laser interferometer laboratory model for the development of a space gravimetry project
Authors: Kudeyarov K.S. , Milyukov V.K. , Kryuchkov D.S. , Semerikov I.A. , Ivlev O.A. , Khabarova K.Yu. , Kolachevsky N.N.
Published: June 2022

We investigate displacement measurements of up to 17 μm on a heterodyne laser interferometer laboratory model. The measurement error for small (up to 200 nm) linear displacements is found to be 270 pm at a 10-s averaging time. The results obtained can be used for developing a space laser interferometric system for the global Earth’s gravity field mapping.
Physical processes during ultracold plasma expansion
Authors: Zelener B.B. , Bronin S.Ya. , Vilshanskaya E.V. , Vikhrov E.V. , Galstyan K.P. , Morozov N.V. , Saakyan S.A. , Sautenkov V.A. , Zelener B.V.
Published: June 2022

Using the method of molecular dynamics, the expansion of a two-component, pulsed laser-produced ultracold plasma is directly calculated for various values of the number and density of particles and their electron temperatures. A new method is presented for generating and diagnosing a steady-state ultracold plasma formed under continuous wave laser irradiation. The performed calculations show the difference in the properties of an ultracold plasma obtained by pulsed and continuous wave laser irradiation.
Evolution of an ultracold gas in a non-Abelian gauge field: finite temperature effect
Authors: Hasan M. , Madasu Ch.S. , Rathod K.D. , Kwong C.C. , Wilkowski D.
Published: June 2022

The cooling mechanisms of a Fermionic strontium-87 gas are refined in order to study its evolution under a non-Abelian gauge field. Significant attention is paid to the effect of the finite temperature of the gas on the process in question. The efficiency of the loading of atoms in a cross-dipole trap is described in detail, the quantitative performance of the evaporative cooling is calculated, and a degenerate Fermi gas is characterised using a Thomas – Fermi distribution.
Canopy and reproductive development in mungbean (
Authors: Geetika Geetika , Collins Marisa , Singh Vijaya , Hammer Graeme , Mellor Vincent , Smith Millicent , Rachaputi Rao C. N.
Published: June 2022

Context Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) is an important grain legume for food, feed, and green manure. Mungbean yield is highly variable due to fluctuating temperature and unpredictable rainfall. Aims To improve yield stability, it is critical to utilise a model that can simulate mungbean phenology, biomass, and yield accurately. Methods A thorough understanding of the physiological determinants of growth and yield is required to advance existing mungbean crop modelling capability. Currently, there is limited understanding of the physiological determinants of canopy and reproductive development and their variation in mungbean germplasm. Two experiments (controlled and field environments) were conducted at Gatton, Queensland, in 2018–19. Six Australian mungbean genotypes and one black gram (Vigna mungo L.) were grown under non-limiting conditions. Plant phenotypic traits (canopy development, time to first, 50% flowering, duration of flowering and podding, flower appearance, pod addition rates) were recorded. Key results Genotypes M10403 and Satin II had significantly higher leaf appearance rate (LAR). Genotypes with a greater LAR had higher number of leaves but lower individual leaf area. Genotypes varied significantly in time to first and 50% flowering, with Onyx-AU (black gram) and Celera II-AU flowering earliest. Flowering and podding rates, and duration of these phenological phases varied among genotypes. Total plant leaf area (TPLA) approached its maximum at mid-podding stage. Implications This study quantified the key phenotypic and physiological relationships associated with canopy and reproductive development, critical for the improvement of mungbean crop modelling required to accurately simulate growth and development and inform possible canopy constraints that are limiting mungbean productivity.
Hot water extractable carbon in whole soil and particle-size fractions isolated from soils under contrasting land-use treatments
Authors: Curtin Denis , Beare Mike H. , Qiu Weiwen
Published: June 2022

Context Understanding the dynamics of soil organic matter (SOM) requires that it be divided into fractions with contrasting behaviour. Aim Using soils from a field trial with a diverse set of treatments (pasture to arable conversion, ex-pasture soil maintained fallow for 13 years and arable cropping with contrasting tillage treatments), we evaluated two approaches to characterise SOM: particle-size fractionation and hot water extraction. Methods Soils were separated into four size fractions, including the >50 μm fraction (particulate organic matter, considered the most labile fraction) and the <5 μm fraction (stabilised C associated with clay particles). Hot water extractable C (HWC; 80°C for 16 h) was determined on whole soil and on the isolated size fractions. Key results Whereas total soil C stocks (0–25 cm) declined by an average of 14% under arable cropping and by 23% under continuous fallow, the decline in HWC was much greater (31% under arable and 49% under bare fallow). A large part (>50%) of the C lost under cropping and bare fallow was derived from the clay fraction, which was also the source of 59–77% of HWC. Conclusions and Implications Our results indicate that hot water is specific for the labile component of SOM while SOM in size fractions is a composite of labile and stable components, the proportions of which may vary depending on land use and other factors. Ideally, data on quantity of SOM in size fractions should be complemented by information on its lability.
Medical discourse in Late Modern English
Authors: Menzel Katrin
Published: June 2022

This chapter demonstrates how the Royal Society Corpus, a richly annotated corpus of around 48,000 English scientific journal articles covering more than 330 years, can be used for lexico-grammatical and pragmatic studies that contribute to a broader understanding of the development of medical research articles. The Late Modern English period together with several decades before and after this time frame was a productive period in the medical output of the Royal Society. This chapter addresses typical linguistic features of scientific journal articles from medical and related sciences from this period demonstrating their special status in the context of other traditional and emerging disciplines in the corpus data. Additionally, language usage and text-type conventions of historical medical research articles will be compared to the features of corpus texts on medical topics from Present-day English.
Unhappy patients and eminent physicians
Authors: Lehto Anu
Published: June 2022

This chapter compares the representations of patients and doctors in eighteenth-century English in the corpus of Late Modern English Medical Texts (LMEMT). The representations are surveyed by collocation analysis in order to reveal shared beliefs linked with the social groups. Rather than individual collocates, the focus is on semantic preference and semantic prosody, which enable the analysis of abstract meanings and discourse-pragmatic functions of terms. Results indicate that physicians and surgeons are typically associated with education and professional expertise, and their social identity generally represents positive semantic prosody. By contrast, apothecaries are identified more negatively, displaying their lower status within the medical profession. Patients are often viewed as mere objects of treatment and their physical state is emphasised. However, patients receive sympathy as well, reflecting the philanthropic spirit of the era.
Communicating authority
Authors: Ollikainen Karoliina
Published: June 2022

This sociopragmatic case study examines 31 narrative passages across 23 different early modern medical texts in order to determine how medical writers use the narrative discourse mode to construct their own authority as medical professionals. Based on how the authors present themselves through self-mentions, the narratives have been divided into two different types: treatment narratives and narratives of discovery. The findings of the study suggest that early modern medical writers take on different authoritative roles in these narratives based on the aims of their text. Overall, however, all of the narratives are used to highlight the medical practitioners’ professional skill and experience, which adds to the authoritativeness of their claims.
Determination of the critical temperature of Nb–Al alloys from the plasma parameters of a vacuum arc cathode spot
Authors: Tsventoukh M M
Published: June 2022

The plasma of pulsed-periodic splashes of explosive electron emission forms a vacuum arc cathode spot. The average parameters of the plasma can be evaluated from the parameters of the critical state of a metal for different materials. According to the measurements (Zöhrer et al 2020 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.
29 025022) of the average charge and the kinetic energy of plasma ions, the critical temperature and cohesive energy for Nb–Al alloys was evaluated within our model. It was close to the value corresponding to pure aluminum for all component ratios Nb/Al = ¼, ⅔, ¾. We have described the experimentally measured values of the cathode potential fall using the obtained magnitudes of critical temperature in the empirical ‘cohesive energy rule’ and have reproduced the observed deviation from linearity in form of U or V shaped dependencies. The obtained results make possible to evaluate the critical temperature and cohesive energy from the parameters of the vacuum arc plasma.
Spin-thermoelectric properties and giant tunneling magnetoresistance of boron-substituted graphene nanoribbon: a first principle study
Authors: Sarkar Sudip , Misra Anirban
Published: June 2022

In this study we have designed a spin caloritronic device based on boron doped armchair graphene nanoribbons (B2-7AGNR). In presence of ferromagnetic (FM) graphitic-carbon nitride (g-C4N3) electrodes the spin-thermoelectric features of the device, both for FM and antiferromagnetic (AFM) states, are studied using first principle calculations. The spin polarized transmission peaks and the presence of density of states near the Fermi level indicate that the system have large spin-thermoelectric figure of merit. In addition, it is observed that the system has a large tunneling magnetoresistance due to the difference in total current between FM and AFM configurations. Further studies reveal that the spin component of the Seebeck coefficient of the device is much higher than the other zigzag and armchair nanoribbons. When the spin magnetic moments of the electrodes are aligned in parallel manner, spin-thermoelectric figure of merit of the system becomes significantly high. It has also been found that on decreasing temperature the efficiency of the device increases. As a whole, the numerical results show that g-C4N3-B2-7AGNR-g-C4N3 system in FM configuration is an efficient low temperature thermoelectric device.
Heat flow through a liquid–vapor interface in a nano-channel: the effect of end-grafting polymers on a wall
Authors: Pastorino Claudio , Urrutia Ignacio , Fiora María , Condado Federico
Published: June 2022

Heat transfer through a liquid–vapor interface is a complex phenomenon and crucially relevant in heat-removal and cryogenic applications. The physical coupling among confining walls, liquid and vapor phases is very important for controlling or improving cooling rates or condensation efficiency. Surface modification is a promising route, which has been explored to taylor the heat transfer through confined two-phase systems. We use coarse-grained molecular-dynamics simulations to study the heat transfer through a nano-confined liquid–vapor interface as a function of fluid filling. We set up a stationary heat flow through a liquid–vapor interface, stabilized with the liquid in contact with a colder wall and a vapor in contact with a hotter wall. For these physical conditions, we perform extensive simulations by progressively increasing the number of fluid particles, i.e. the channel filling, and measure the fluid distribution in the channel, density, pressure and temperature profiles We also compare the heat flux behavior between a bare-surfaces nano-channel and others where the hot surface was coated with end-grafted polymers, with different wetting affinities and bending properties. We take extreme cases of polymer properties to obtain a general picture of the polymer effect on the heat transfer, as compared with the bare surfaces. We find that walls covered by end-grafted solvophylic polymers change the heat flux by a factor of 6, as compared with bare walls, if the liquid phase is in contact with the polymers. Once the liquid wets the coated wall, the improve on heat flux is smaller and dominated by the grafting density. We also find that for a wall coated with stiff polymers, the jump in heat flux takes place at a significantly lower channel filling, when the polymers’ free ends interact with the liquid surface. Interestingly, the morphology of the polymers induces a ‘liquid bridge’ between the liquid phase and the hot wall, through which heat is transported with high (liquid-like) thermal conductivity.
Cesium lead iodide electrospun fibrous membranes for white light-emitting diodes
Authors: Wang Qi , Li Ke , Yang Haohan , Lin Donghai , Shih Wan Y , Shih Wei-Heng
Published: June 2022

Inorganic perovskite cesium lead iodide nanocrystals (CsPbI3 NCs) are good candidates for optoelectronic devices because of their excellent properties of remarkable luminous performance (high luminous efficiency, narrow luminous spectral line), and high photoelectric conversion efficiency by using simple preparation method. But their inherent poor stability greatly limits its practical applications. In this paper, electrospinning is used to grow fibrous membranes with embedded cesium lead iodide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) formed in situ in a one-step process. It was found that cubic α-CsPbI3 PNCs were formed in polymer fibers, showing bright and uniform fluorescence signals. Furthermore, the water wetting angles were increased by the fibrous structure enhancing the hydrophobicity and the stability of the fibrous membranes in water. The electrospun fibrous membrane containing CsPbI3 was combined with another membrane containing CsPbBr3 under a blue light-emitting diode (LED) to create a white LED (WLED) in air successfully with CIE coordinates (0.3020, 0.3029), and a correlated color temperature of 7527 °K, indicating high purity of WLED. Our approach provides a new way to create highly stable, photoluminescent water-resistant perovskite nanocrystalline films.
A pre-impact fall detection data segmentation method based on multi-channel convolutional neural network and class activation mapping
Authors: Feng Mingxu , Liu Jizhong
Published: June 2022

Objective. A segmentation method for pre-impact fall detection data is investigated. Specifically, it studies how to partition data segments that are important for classification from continuous inertial sensor data for pre-impact fall detection. Approach. In this study, a trigger-based algorithm combining multi-channel convolutional neural network (CNN) and class activation mapping was proposed to solve the problem of data segmentation. First, a pre-impact fall detection training dataset was established and divided into two parts. For falls, the 1 s data was divided from the peak value of the acceleration signal magnitude vector to the starting direction. For activities of daily living, the cycle segmentation was performed for a 1 s window size. Second, a heat map of the class activation regions of the sensor data was formed using a multi-channel CNN and a class activation mapping algorithm. Finally, the data segmentation strategy was established based on the heat map, the basic law of falls and the real-time requirements. Main results. This method was verified by the SisFall dataset. The obtained segmentation strategy (i.e. to start segmenting a small data segment with a window duration of 325 ms when the acceleration signal magnitude vector is less than 9.217 m s−2) met the real-time requirements for pre-impact fall detection. Moreover, it was suitable for various machine learning algorithms, and the accuracy of the machine learning algorithms used exceeded 94.8%, with the machine learning algorithms verifying the data segmentation strategy. Significance. The proposed method can automatically identify the class activation area, save the computing resources of wearable devices, shorten the duration of segmentation window, and ensure the real-time performance of pre-impact fall detection.
Performance improvement in NiO
x
-based GaN MOS-HEMTs
Authors: Meer M , Pohekar P , Parvez B , Ganguly S , Saha D
Published: June 2022

We have illustrated the thermal oxidation of Ni as gate dielectrics to improve the characteristics of GaN-based metal oxide semiconductor high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). The oxide is formed by a pre-deposition of a thin film followed by oxidation in pure O2 ambient. The formation and thickness of the oxides are confirmed through x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. NiO
x
is found to have an energy band gap of 3.7 eV determined using O 1s energy loss spectra. NiO
x
is found to provide negative (1.7 eV) valence band offsets with AlGaN. The potential use of the oxides has been confirmed by the significant improvement in drive current, transconductance, subthreshold swing, unity current gain frequency, and gate current leakage over the Schottky barrier HEMTs (SB-HEMTs). We have observed a positive shift in threshold voltage for NiO
x
-based gate dielectric devices compared to that of the SB-HEMTs.
Cyclic cosmology and geodesic completeness
Authors: Kinney William H. , Stein Nina K.
Published: June 2022

We consider recently proposed bouncing cosmological models for which the Hubble parameter is periodic in time, but the scale factor grows from one cycle to the next as a mechanism for shedding entropy. Since the scale factor for a flat universe is equivalent to an overall conformal factor, it has been argued that this growth corresponds to a physically irrelevant rescaling, and such bouncing universes can be made perfectly cyclic, extending infinitely into the past and future. We show that any bouncing universe which uses growth of the scale factor to dissipate entropy must necessarily be geodesically past-incomplete, and therefore cannot be truly cyclic in time.
Optical transmitter module with hybrid integration of DFB laser diode and proton-exchanged LiNbO3 modulator chip
Authors: Wang Xuyang , Jia He , Li Junhui , Guo Yumei , Liu Yu
Published: June 2022

In this work, a hybrid integrated optical transmitter module was designed and fabricated. A proton-exchanged Mach–Zehnder lithium niobate (LiNbO3) modulator chip was chosen to enhance the output extinction ratio. A fiber was used to adjust the rotation of the polarization direction caused by the optical isolator. The whole optical path structure, including the laser chip, lens, fiber, and modulator chip, was simulated to achieve high optical output efficiency. After a series of process improvements, a module with an output extinction ratio of 34 dB and a bandwidth of 20.5 GHz (from 2 GHz) was obtained. The optical output efficiency of the whole module reached approximately 21%. The link performance of the module was also measured.
A 10 × 10 deep ultraviolet light-emitting micro-LED array
Authors: Yu Huabin , Memon Muhammad Hunain , Jia Hongfeng , Zhang Haochen , Tian Meng , Fang Shi , Wang Danhao , Kang Yang , Xiao Shudan , Long Shibing , Sun Haiding
Published: June 2022

In this work, we design and fabricate a deep ultraviolet (DUV) light-emitting array consisting of 10 × 10 micro-LEDs (μ-LEDs) with each device having 20 μm in diameter. Strikingly, the array demonstrates a significant enhancement of total light output power by nearly 52% at the injection current of 100 mA, in comparison to a conventional large LED chip whose emitting area is the same as the array. A much higher (~22%) peak external quantum efficiency, as well as a smaller efficiency droop for μ-LED array, was also achieved. The numerical calculation reveals that the performance boost can be attributed to the higher light extraction efficiency at the edge of each μ-LED. Additionally, the far-field pattern measurement shows that the μ-LED array possesses a better forward directionality of emission. These findings shed light on the enhancement of the DUV LEDs performance and provide new insights in controlling the light behavior of the μ-LEDs.
Vertical Schottky ultraviolet photodetector based on graphene and top–down fabricated GaN nanorod arrays
Authors: Zhang Xuemin , Yan Changling , Yang Jinghang , Pang Chao , Yue Yunzhen , Zeng Chunhong , Zhang Baoshun
Published: June 2022

GaN has been widely used in the fabrication of ultraviolet photodetectors because of its outstanding properties. In this paper, we report a graphene–GaN nanorod heterostructure photodetector with fast photoresponse in the UV range. GaN nanorods were fabricated by a combination mode of dry etching and wet etching. Furthermore, a graphene–GaN nanorod heterostructure ultraviolet detector was fabricated and its photoelectric properties were measured. The device exhibits a fast photoresponse in the UV range. The rising time and falling time of the transient response were 13 and 8 ms, respectively. A high photovoltaic responsivity up to 13.9 A/W and external quantum efficiency up to 479% were realized at the UV range. The specific detectivity D

*
= 1.44 × 1010 Jones was obtained at –1 V bias in ambient conditions. The spectral response was measured and the highest response was observed at the 360 nm band.
Modulating properties by light ion irradiation: From novel functional materials to semiconductor power devices
Authors: Yuan Ye , Zhou Shengqiang , Wang Xinqiang
Published: June 2022

In this review, the application of light ion irradiation is discussed for tailoring novel functional materials and for improving the performance in SiC or Si based electrical power devices. The deep traps and electronic disorder produced by light ion irradiation can modify the electrical, magnetic, and optical properties of films (e.g., dilute ferromagnetic semiconductors and topological materials). Additionally, benefiting from the high reproducibility, precise manipulation of functional depth and density of defects, as well as the flexible patternability, the helium or proton ion irradiation has been successfully employed in improving the dynamic performance of SiC and Si based PiN diode power devices by reducing their majority carrier lifetime, although the static performance is sacrificed due to deep level traps. Such a trade-off has been regarded as the key point to compromise the static and dynamic performances of power devices. As a result, herein the light ion irradiation is highlighted in both exploring new physics and optimizing the performance in functional materials and electrical devices.
Pseudo-online detection and classification for upper-limb movements
Authors: Niu Jiansheng , Jiang Ning
Published: June 2022

Objective. This study analyzed detection (movement vs. non-movement) and classification (different types of movements) to decode upper-limb movement volitions in a pseudo-online fashion. Approach. Nine healthy subjects executed four self-initiated movements: left wrist extension, right wrist extension, left index finger extension, and right index finger extension. For detection, we investigated the performance of three individual classifiers (support vector machine (SVM), EEGNET, and Riemannian geometry featured SVM) on three frequency bands (0.05–5 Hz, 5–40 Hz, 0.05–40 Hz). The best frequency band and the best classifier combinations were constructed to realize an ensemble processing pipeline using majority voting. For classification, we used adaptive boosted Riemannian geometry model to differentiate contra-lateral and ipsilateral movements. Main results. The ensemble model achieved 79.6 ± 8.8% true positive rate and 3.1 ± 1.2 false positives per minute with 75.3 ± 112.6 ms latency on a pseudo-online detection task. The following classification gave around 67% accuracy to differentiate contralateral movements. Significance. The newly proposed ensemble method and pseudo-online testing procedure could provide a robust brain-computer interface design for movement decoding.
Maximum and records of random walks with stochastic resetting
Authors: Godrèche Claude , Luck Jean-Marc
Published: June 2022

We revisit the statistics of extremes and records of symmetric random walks with stochastic resetting, extending earlier studies in several directions. We put forward a diffusive scaling regime (symmetric step length distribution with finite variance, weak resetting probability) where the maximum of the walk and the number of its records up to discrete timenbecome asymptotically proportional to each other for single typical trajectories. Their distributions obey scaling laws ruled by a common two-parameter scaling function, interpolating between a half-Gaussian and a Gumbel law. The exact solution of the problem for the symmetric exponential step length distribution and for the simple Polya lattice walk, as well as a heuristic analysis of other distributions, allow a quantitative study of several facets of the statistics of extremes and records beyond the diffusive scaling regime.
Damage analysis of wind turbine blade with different stacking parameters
Authors: Zhang ZhiQiang , Qiao YinHu , Wang ShuaiShuai
Published: June 2022

Considering the damage and failure of wind turbine blades under gravity, centrifugal force and aerodynamic load, the influence of blade laminating parameters to the damage characteristics of wind turbine blades is studied. Different stacking schemes were designed by changing the stacking angle, stacking sequence and the ratio of ±Xn in the material. The maximum stress position of the blade was analyzed. At the same time, the failure factor of Tsai_Wu was used as the failure criterion to analyze the possibility of blade failure. The results show that the maximum stress of the blade appears at the junction of the leading edge web and the airfoil near circular airfoil and DU_35A17 airfoil; in the range of 40° ∼ 50°, as the layup angle increases, the blade Tsai_Wu failure factor shows a downward trend. On both sides of about 45°, the change trend of the Tsai_Wu failure factor is different with the increase of ±Xn thickness ratio; the Tsai_Wu failure factor of the blade material is greatly affected by the stacking angle and the thickness ratio of ±Xn.
Control strategy of controllable shunt reactors (CSR) in Zhangbei substation of Zhangbei-Xiongan UHV project
Authors: Wang Yihong , Zhang Libo , Zhang Jian , Qin Xiaohui , Yang Jingqi , Dai Qian , Qiao Zhenyu , Mao Jibing , Ma Weihua , Wang Yan
Published: June 2022

Based on the incremental control method of reactive power demand, this paper considers accessing the status information of low-voltage reactive power compensation devices and the reactive power exchange information of the medium-voltage side of the main transformer, so as to realize the reactive power balancing of the partition system, which is composed of the substation and half the length of substation outlets. Aiming at the actual situation of Zhangbei UHV substation interconnected with wind farms, this paper further considers the constraint of reactive power flow ride-through, so as to generate an inner-layer control strategy, which comprehensively considers the reactive power balancing of partition system and reactive power flow exchange. This inner-layer control strategy and the outer-layer control strategy of voltage boundary emergency control together constitute double-layer control strategy of controllable shunt reactors in Zhangbei UHV substation. This control strategy has passed the thematic review conference organized by the State Grid UHV Department, and has been applied to Zhangbei UHV substation.
Joint planning of distribution network and electric vehicle charging station considering extreme weather events
Authors: Liao Jie , Wang Rui , Xia Shiwei , Ren Lijun , Wang Tong
Published: June 2022

In order to deal with the increasing demand for electric vehicle charging and the increasingly frequent extreme weather events, this paper proposes a distribution network-electric vehicle charging station planning method considering extreme ice and snow weather conditions. Firstly, the influence mechanism of extreme ice and snow weather on distribution network line failure rate and traffic network section capacity is studied. Then the Distflow optimal power flow model is established and relaxed into a second-order cone model. Secondly, based on Wardrop user equilibrium, the distribution of mixed traffic flow between electric vehicles and non-electric vehicles is studied and the model is linearized. Finally, considering the multiple faults of the distribution network in extreme ice and snow weather, the distribution network electricity and the electric vehicle charging station are coordinated to support the key loads of the distribution network. In this paper, a planning model is established with the objective function of minimizing the annualized investment cost and the weighted operating cost under normal and extreme weather conditions, and the proposed model as a mixed-integer second-order cone problem is solved by the Yalmip toolbox. The results show that the proposed joint planning model can improve the utilization rate of equipment investment and the daily operation economy on the premise of ensuring key load supply in extreme events.
The adaptability of IEC 60909: 0-2016 to power grid with voltage levels above 400kV
Authors: Zhang Yuhong , Zhang Yantao , Han Jiahui , Wang Xueqiong , Chen Qiyu , Zhang Jian
Published: June 2022

The equivalent voltage source method is recommended in IEC 60909 for short-circuit current calculation, and the accuracy is verified by 400 kV and below voltage level power grids. There are 500 kV, 750 kV or 1000 kV power grids in some countries where IEC standards are applied, but there is no relevant research to verify the accuracy of the calculation method. In this paper, verification methods for IEC 60909 calculation accuracy for the three voltage level power grids are adopted. Calculation examples based on the operation and equipment parameters of the 500 kV, 750 kV and 1000 kV power grids are established. The results show that IEC 60909 short-circuit current calculation method is conservative, and the calculation accuracy meets the requirements. The research expands the application scope of this standard to all AC power grids, which is conducive to the engineering application of IEC 60909.
A Joint State Estimation Framework for Lithium-ion Batteries based on Hybrid Method
Authors: Li Qian , Miao Shuguo , Liu Shengzhong , Ma Boyang , Qi Wenyan , Jin Weijun , Cheng Ze
Published: June 2022

Accurate estimation of state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH) and remaining useful life (RUL) of Lithium-ion batteries is of great importance. This paper proposes a estimation framework based on charging voltage segment and hybrid method combining with equivalent circuit model and data-driven algorithms to achieve the accurate estimation of SOC, SOH and RUL of the long life cycle of the battery. The charging voltage segment, with the merit of flexibility and available, which contains much information for battery degradation, is suitable for battery modeling and state estimation. The rising time of the optimal charging voltage segment which has the highest correlation with the present capacity is extracted as health feature (HF) to estimate the SOH with least squares support vector machine (LSSVM), and the identified resistance and capacitance parameters acquired by fitting the charging voltage segment with equivalent circuit model and estimated capacity acquired by LSSCM are used to estimate SOC with the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) algorithm in the discharge stage for this cycle; Gaussian process regression (GPR) is used to prediction the trend of HF, which are combined with established LSSVM model to estimate RUL. Experimental results show that the proposed method can estimate SOC, SOH and RUL jointly with high accuracy.
Influence of camber on aerodynamic performance of airfoil based on CFD technology
Authors: Wang ShuaiShuai , Qiao YinHu , Zhang ZhiQiang
Published: June 2022

In order to better understand the influence of camber on aerodynamic performance of airfoil, airfoil NACA0012, NACA2412, NACA4412 and NACA6412 were selected as research objects to conduct numerical simulation at 10m/s. According to lift coefficient, lift-drag ratio and airfoil pressure cloud diagram, the influence of camber on airfoil aerodynamic performance is obtained. The results show that the lift coefficient of airfoil increases with the increase of airfoil bending degree within a certain range of attack Angle. The lift-drag ratio of airfoil increases with the increase of its bending degree.
Research on Turn-to-Turn Insulation Test of Dry-Type Air-Core Reactor
Authors: Wang Lulu , Pei Ying , Wang Zhijun , Zhao Yishu , Song Xinxin , Zhao Jixiang , Xu Yuanyuan , Pan Zhiyuan
Published: June 2022

The dry-type air-core reactor insulation detection is the key component of reactive power compensation and filter device, which needs to be tested. At present, there are few researches on detection method of dry-type air-core reactor insulation. Based on the principle of pulsed voltage method and reducing test cost, the mathematical model of dry-type air-core reactor is established, the actual parameters are entered for simulation analysis. The simulation results verify the feasibility of using the pulse voltage method to detect the turn insulation between the dry-type air-core reactors, which can guide the actual dry-type air-core reactor insulation detection method.