bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Exploration of the Phonon Frequency Spectrum and Born–von Karman Periodic Boundary Conditions in 1D and 2D Lattice Systems Using a Computational Approach
Authors: Shannigrahi J. , Ashdhir P.
Published: May 2024

Periodic boundary conditions (PBCs) are a pivotal concept in the treatment of ideal lattices of infinite extent as a finite lattice. Most undergraduate texts that delve into the analytical treatment of lattice dynamics solve the problem in the reciprocal space with an implicit assumption of PBCs. While the traditional approach centered in the reciprocal or [Formula: see text]-space is elegant for simple one-dimensional lattice structures, the method becomes mathematically cumbersome for more complex lattices with real-world applications, such as a honeycomb lattice involving a [Formula: see text] secular determinant.

In this work, we have explored the solution of lattice dynamics in direct space numerically, by constructing unit cells through an explicit implementation of Born–von Karman PBCs and solving the lattice dynamical equations in the displacement–time domain using the fourth-order Runge–Kutta algorithm. The Fast Fourier Transform technique is then used to obtain the phonon frequency spectrum corresponding to the computed instantaneous displacements. The fidelity of the model is validated by the agreement of the computational results obtained for the phonon spectrum at high symmetry points in the Brillouin zone with the analytical values for the given problem. Initially, the dynamics and the phonon spectrum are explored for monatomic and diatomic linear lattices which serve to act as introductory cases for the approach before investigating the 2D monatomic square and honeycomb lattices using the nearest and next-nearest neighbor approximations. A short-range force constant model employing the central forces and angular forces is used for the monatomic square lattice to account for the interatomic interactions. Our computational approach is expected to be physically more intuitive for a student for visualizing the periodicity of a given lattice and understanding its related dynamics. The approach demonstrates the usage of Born–von Karman PBCs in constructing a unit cell that effectively captures the dynamics of a lattice system, complementing the traditional secular determinant formalism. The work also illustrates an instance of how the computer programming can be used as a tool to empower the students to explore abstract concepts in physics. A honing of programming and computational skills of students enables them to interact with dynamic models in physics and gain deeper insight into the real-world applications of physics principles. Target group of this work is the students and educators at undergraduate level who seek a thorough and didactic comprehension of lattice dynamics.
Meandering streamflows across landscapes and scales: a review and discussion
Authors: Finotello Alvise , Durkin Paul R. , Sylvester Zoltán
Published: May 2024

The study of meandering patterns created by geophysical flows is important for a number of fundamental and applied research topics, including stream and wetland restoration, land management, infrastructure design, oil exploration and production, carbon sequestration, flood-hazard mitigation and planetary palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. This volume,
Meandering Streamflows: Patterns and Processes across Landscapes and Scales
, contains 13 papers that present field, laboratory and numerical investigations of meandering channels found in distinct environmental and geological contexts and focus on how the interactions of different autogenic and allogenic processes, both in the horizontal and the vertical dimension, affect meander kinematics and the resulting morphology, sedimentology and stratigraphic architecture. In this introductory chapter, we offer an overview of the evolution of scientific research on meandering streams over time, aiming to review and discuss meandering patterns in both fluvial and non-fluvial settings. Additionally, we present a new compilation of data on meander morphological features, drawn from both existing literature and novel sources, encompassing over 8000 meander bends discovered across a diverse array of environments.
Mobile User Traffic Generation Via Multi-Scale Hierarchical GAN
Authors: Li Tong , Hui Shuodi , Zhang Shiyuan , Wang Huandong , Zhang Yuheng , Hui Pan , Jin Depeng , Li Yong
Published: May 2024

Mobile user traffic facilitates diverse applications, including network planning and optimization, whereas large-scale mobile user traffic is hardly available due to privacy concerns. One alternative solution is to generate mobile user traffic data for downstream applications. However, existing generation models cannot simulate the multi-scale temporal dynamics in mobile user traffic on individual and aggregate levels. In this work, we propose a multi-scale hierarchical generative adversarial network (MSH-GAN) containing multiple generators and a multi-class discriminator. Specifically, the mobile traffic usage behavior exhibits a mixture of multiple behavior patterns, which are called micro-scale behavior patterns and are modeled by different pattern generators in our model. Moreover, the traffic usage behavior of different users exhibits strong clustering characteristics, with the co-existence of users with similar and different traffic usage behaviors. Thus, we model each cluster of users as a class in the discriminator’s output, referred to as macro-scale user clusters. Then, the gap between micro-scale behavior patterns and macro-scale user clusters is bridged by introducing the switch mode generators, which describe the traffic usage behavior in switching between different patterns. All users share the pattern generators. In contrast, the switch mode generators are only shared by a specific cluster of users, which models the multi-scale hierarchical structure of the traffic usage behavior of massive users. Finally, we urge MSH-GAN to learn the multi-scale temporal dynamics via a combined loss function, including adversarial loss, clustering loss, aggregated loss, and regularity terms. Extensive experiment results demonstrate that MSH-GAN outperforms state-of-art baselines by at least 118.17% in critical data fidelity and usability metrics. Moreover, observations show that MSH-GAN can simulate traffic patterns and pattern switch behaviors.
Interactions of Nutrition and Infection: The Role of Micronutrient Deficiencies in the Immune Response to Pathogens and Implications for Child Health
Authors: Palmer Amanda C. , Bedsaul-Fryer Jacquelyn R. , Stephensen Charles B.
Published: May 2024

Approximately five million children die each year from preventable causes, including respiratory infections, diarrhea, and malaria. Roughly half of those deaths are attributable to undernutrition, including micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs). The influence of infection on micronutrient status is well established: The inflammatory response to pathogens triggers anorexia, while pathogens and the immune response can both alter nutrient absorption and cause nutrient losses. We review the roles of vitamin A, vitamin D, iron, zinc, and selenium in the immune system, which act in the regulation of molecular- or cellular-level host defenses, directly affecting pathogens or protecting against oxidative stress or inflammation. We further summarize high-quality evidence regarding the synergistic or antagonistic interactions between MNDs, pathogens, and morbidity or mortality relevant to child health in low- and middle-income countries. We conclude with a discussion of gaps in the literature and future directions for multidisciplinary research on the interactions of MNDs, infection, and inflammation.
Design of Highly Porous Materials Based on Chitosan/Pectin Interpolyelectrolyte Complex for Wound Healing Application
Authors: Kraskouski Aliaksandr , Mashkin Maksim , Kulikouskaya Viktoryia , Savich Viktoryia , Sidarenka Anastasiya , Pinchuk Sergei , Li Ruibin
Published: May 2024

Interpolyelectrolyte complexes (IPECs) of polysaccharides are multifunctional polymer materials that improve the mechanical and physicochemical properties of individual polysaccharides. In this study, highly porous (>90%) materials based on IPECs of versatile natural polysaccharides, chitosan (30 and 1,200 kDa) and pectin, are obtained by freeze-drying technique. To enhance the interaction between chitosan and pectin macromolecules, the latter are chemically functionalized with dialdehyde groups. The chitosan-/aldehyde-functionalized pectin (Chit/AF-Pect) polyelectrolyte complex sponges obtained are characterized using SEM, FTIR spectroscopy, and TGA. The swelling capacity study reveals a higher swelling ratio of IPEC sponges with an increase in both the molecular weight and content of chitosan: for Chit30/AF-Pect, the swelling ratio rises from 327% to 480%, while for Chit1200/AF-Pect, from 681% to 1,066%. Additionally, the in vitro degradation test demonstrates higher stability of Chit1200/AF-Pect sponges in comparison with those of Chit30/AF-Pect: after 4 days of incubation, the weight losses are found to be 9%–16% and 18%–41%, respectively. The cytotoxicity study shows that Chit30/AF-Pect sponges are noncytotoxic, with cell viability values >70%. Furthermore, the Chit30/AF-Pect sponges, obtained at chitosan:pectin weight ratio of 5:1, exhibit bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli BIM B-984 G, Pseudomonas aeruginosa BIM B-807 G, Staphylococcus aureus BIM B-1841, and slightly inhibit the growth of Enterococcus faecalis BIM B-1530 G. These findings indicate that the obtained Chit30/AF-Pect sponges can be used to create wound dressings for wound healing applications.
Fabrication of 2D/2D InVO4/BiVO4 Heterojunction with Synergistic Effects for Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation and Photoelectrochemical Applications
Authors: Jeon Hee Chang , Kumar Ganesan Mohan , Lee Dong Jin , Sekar Sankar , Kim Deuk Young , Ilanchezhiyan Pugazhendi
Published: May 2024

In this work, we report a novel 2D/2D InVO4/BiVO4 heterojunction nanocomposite constructed through a simple hydrothermal approach. The morphological analysis demonstrated that BiVO4 nanoflakes to be anchored on the surface of InVO4 nanosheets. The InVO4/BiVO4 heterojunction nanocomposite displayed increased light absorption promoting their visible light harvesting. The photoactivity of the prepared InVO4/BiVO4 heterojunction was explored for the degradation of tetracycline (TC) under light treatment. InVO4/BiVO4 heterojunction exhibited superior photocatalytic activity than that of bare InVO4 and BiVO4. The as‐prepared InVO4/BiVO4 heterojunction photoanodes achieved a higher photocurrent density of 60 μA/cm2 under illumination in 0.5 M Na2SO4 electrolyte. The enhanced photoelectrochemical performance is attributed to the synergistic effect and interface formation between InVO4 and BiVO4 and can effectively promote the charge separation and transfer of photoinduced carriers in heterojunction.
Epigenetic Priming by Hypomethylation Enhances the Immunogenic Potential of Tolinapant in T-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Ward George A. , Zhang Zhiqiang , Jueliger Simone , Potapov Ilya S. , Davis Matthew P. , Boxall Adam R. , Taylor Jason , Keer Harold , Biondo Andrea , Lyons John F. , Sims Martin , Smyth Tomoko
Published: May 2024

Programmed cell death mechanisms are important for the regulation of tumor development and progression. Evasion of and resistance to apoptosis are significant factors in tumorigenesis and drug resistance. Bypassing apoptotic pathways and eliciting another form of regulated cell death, namely necroptosis, an immunogenic cell death (ICD), may override apoptotic resistance. Here, we present the mechanistic rationale for combining tolinapant, an antagonist of the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP), with decitabine, a hypomethylating agent (HMA), in T-cell lymphoma (TCL). Tolinapant treatment alone of TCL cells in vitro and in syngeneic in vivo models demonstrated that ICD markers can be upregulated, and we have shown that epigenetic priming with decitabine further enhances this effect. The clinical relevance of ICD markers was confirmed by the direct measurement of plasma proteins from patients with peripheral TCL treated with tolinapant. We showed increased levels of necroptosis in TCL lines, along with the expression of cancer-specific antigens (such as cancer testis antigens) and increases in genes involved in IFN signaling induced by HMA treatment, together deliver a strong adaptive immune response to the tumor. These results highlight the potential of a decitabine and tolinapant combination for TCL and could lead to clinical evaluation.

Significance:

The IAP antagonist tolinapant can induce necroptosis, a key immune-activating event, in TCL. Combination with DNA hypomethylation enhances tolinapant sensitivity and primes resistant cells by re-expressing necrosome proteins. In addition, this combination leads to increases in genes involved in IFN signaling and neoantigen expression, providing further molecular rationale for this novel therapeutic option.
Learning Curves during Implementation of Robotic Stereotactic Surgery
Authors: Hines Kevin , Smit Rupert D. , Vinjamuri Shreya , Momin Arbaz A. , Fayed Islam , Ebede Kenechi , Atik Ahmet F. , Matias Caio Marconato , Sharan Ashwini , Wu Chengyuan
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Adoption of robotic techniques is increasing for neurosurgical applications. Common cranial applications include stereoelectroencephalography (sEEG) and deep brain stimulation (DBS). For surgeons to implement robotic techniques in these procedures, realistic learning curves must be anticipated for surgeons to overcome the challenges of integrating new techniques into surgical workflow. One such way of quantifying learning curves in surgery is cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis. Methods: Here, the authors present retrospective review of stereotactic cases to perform a CUSUM analysis of operative time for robotic cases at a single institution performed by 2 surgeons. The authors demonstrate learning phase durations of 20 and 16 cases in DBS and sEEG, respectively. Results: After plateauing of operative time, mastery phases started at cases 132 and 72 in DBS and sEEG. A total of 273 cases (188 DBS and 85 sEEG) were included in the study. The authors observed a learning plateau concordant with change of location of surgery after exiting the learning phase. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the learning curve of 2 stereotactic workflows when integrating robotics as well as being the first study to examine the robotic learning curve in DBS via CUSUM analysis. This work provides data on what surgeons may expect when integrating this technology into their practice for cranial applications.
Email phishing: Text classification using natural language processing
Authors: Verma Priyanka , Goyal Anjali , Gigras Yogita
Published: May 2024

Phishing is networked theft in which the main motive of phishers is to steal any person’s private information, its financial details like account number, credit card details, login information, payment mode information by creating and developing a fake page or a fake web site, which look completely authentic and genuine. Nowadays email phishing has become a big threat to all, and is increasing day by day. Moreover, detection of phishing emails has been considered an important research issue as phishing emails have been increasing day by day. Various techniques have been introduced and applied to deal with such a big issue. The major objective of this research paper is giving a detailed description on the classification of phishing emails using the natural language processing concepts. NLP (natural language processing) concepts have been applied for the classification of emails, along with that accuracy rate of various classifiers have been calculated. The paper is presented in four sections. An introduction about phishing its types, its history, statistics, life cycle, motivation for phishers and working of email phishing have been discussed in the first section. The second section covers various technologies of phishing- email phishing and also description of evaluation metrics. An overview of the various proposed solutions and work done by researchers in this field in form of literature review has been presented in the third section. The solution approach and the obtained results have been defined in the fourth section giving a detailed description about NLP concepts and working procedure.
Traffic lane controller using RFID and IoT
Authors: Boopathy E Veera
Published: May 2024

Traffic in urban areas is increasing day by day which leads to most critical issues of traffic management this paper proposes a smart and fully automatic traffic control system that will detect and control the congestion in real time, detect a stolen vehicle and also passes emergency vehicles smoothly with the use of passive RFID device. This effectively reduces travel delays and relieves congestion, it is necessary to control lane merge behaviours of freeway. Depending upon the count of vehicles green passage will be set dynamically and the proposed system provides special privileges for emergency vehicles like police vehicle, ambulance, VIP vehicles, etc.
Performance evaluation of blockchains in the internet of things
Authors: Alam Tanweer
Published: May 2024

The idea of blockchains technology (BT) on the internet of things (IoT) is to allow the physical things to trust in the transactions held within the IoT network. The BT is a distributed, decentralized, publicly shared its digital ledger, and secured technology to eternally record the transactions across  the shared database. The BT in IoT can be called trust machine to eliminate the intermediates and enables the physical things to trust with each other. This research evaluates the performance of BT in IoT. The simulated results are tested and can be used in the sustainable development of the integration of BT and IoT.
Modified Playfair cryptosystem for improved data security
Authors: Esau Taiwo Oladipupo  , Oluwakemi Christiana Abikoye
Published: May 2024

Playfair is the earliest known classical block cipher which is capable of taking two characters as a unit in the process of encryption and decryption. However, the cipher is suffering from vulnerability to many cryptanalysis attacks due to a lack of confusion and diffusion properties, an inability to handle numbers and special characters in the process of encryption and decryption, and a host of other deficiencies. Although several modifications and improvements had been done by different researchers, the emphasis has been on the modification of the key matrix to accommodate more characters to increase the keyspace. No attention has been given to increment in the size of the block that the Playfair cipher can handle at a time. In this paper, a modified Playfair (MPF) cryptosystem that is capable of handling different block sizes with high diffusion and confusion properties is developed. cryptanalysis of the developed cryptosystem was carried out and the results show that the MPF cryptosystem is resistant to Known plaintext attack, chosen-plaintext attack, chosen ciphertext attack, frequency analysis attack, autocorrelation attack, differential cryptanalysis attacks, entropy attacks, brute force attack, and can handle variable block sizes.
Fuzzy formal concept analysis: approaches, applications and issues
Authors: Mohammed Alwersh  , László Kovács
Published: May 2024

Formal concept analysis (FCA) is today regarded as a significant technique for knowledge extraction, representation, and analysis for applications in a variety of fields. Significant progress has been made in recent years to extend FCA theory to deal with uncertain and imperfect data. The computational complexity associated with the enormous number of formal concepts generated has been identified as an issue in various applications. In general, the generation of a concept lattice of sufficient complexity and size is one of the most fundamental challenges in FCA. The goal of this work is to provide an overview of research articles that assess and compare numerous fuzzy formal concept analysis techniques which have been suggested, as well as to explore the key techniques for reducing concept lattice size. as well as we'll present a review of research articles on using fuzzy formal concept analysis in ontology engineering, knowledge discovery in databases and data mining, and information retrieval.
Exploring and comparing various machine and deep learning technique algorithms to detect domain generation algorithms of malicious variants
Authors: Anoop Reddy Thatipalli  , Preetham Aravamudu  , K. Kartheek  , Aju Dennisan
Published: May 2024

Domain generation algorithm (DGA) is used as the main source of script in different groups of malwares, which generates the domain names of points and will further be used for command-and-control servers. The security measures usually identify the malware but the domain name algorithms will be updating themselves in order to avoid the less efficient older security detection methods. The reason being the older detection methods does not use either the machine learning or deep learning algorithms to detect the DGAs. Thus, the impact of incorporating the machine learning and deep learning techniques to detect the DGA is well discussed. As a result, they can create a huge number of domains to avoid debar and henceforth, block the hackers and zombie systems with the older methods itself. The main purpose of this research work is to compare and analyse by implementing various machine learning algorithms that suits the respective dataset yielding better results. In this research paper, the obtained dataset is pre-processed and the respective data is processed by different machine learning algorithms such as random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), Naive Bayes classifier, H20 AutoML, convolutional neural network (CNN), long short-term memory neural network (LSTM) for the classification. It is observed and understood that the LSTM provides a better classification efficiency of 98% and the H20 AutoML method giving the least efficiency of 75%.
Antispoofing in face biometrics: a comprehensive study on software-based techniques
Authors: H Vinutha , G Thippeswamy
Published: May 2024

The vulnerability of the face recognition system to spoofing attacks has piqued the biometric community's interest, motivating them to develop antispoofing techniques to secure it. Photo, video, or mask attacks can compromise face biometric systems (types of presentation attacks). Spoofing attacks are detected using liveness detection techniques, which determine whether the facial image presented at a biometric system is a live face or a fake version of it. We discuss the classification of face anti-spoofing techniques in this paper. Anti-spoofing techniques are divided into two categories: hardware and software methods. Hardware-based techniques are summarized briefly. A comprehensive study on software-based countermeasures for presentation attacks is discussed, which are further divided into static and dynamic methods. We cited a few publicly available presentation attack datasets and calculated a few metrics to demonstrate the value of anti-spoofing techniques.
Managing Patient Treatment Through Deming’s PDCA Cycle: A Standardized Approach in Phases That Adds Value to Dental Care
Authors: Faggian Andrea , Capri Diego , Gracis Stefano
Published: May 2024

This essay is an expert opinion by three clinicians who feel the need for a clear, phased approach that integrates all dental therapies to care for patients suffering from multiple pathologies of the oral cavity. At the moment, the only guidelines available when treating interdisciplinary cases (ie, patients with multiple overlapping pathologies and conditions, such as carious disease, periodontal disease, malocclusion, incongruous restorations, etc) are those describing the proper sequence of periodontal therapy. The authors take inspiration from a method developed in the manufacturing world, so-called lean management, and its tools to outline the sequence of therapy phases and the correct allocation of the various activities within these phases. In lean healthcare, the patients are the center of attention, and they “pull” the process with their health as the main value.
Spexin Diminishes Atrial Fibrillation Vulnerability by Acting on Galanin Receptor 2
Authors: Li Desheng , Liu Yang , Li Changzhu , Zhou Zhiwen , Gao Kangyi , Bao Hairong , Yang Jiming , Xue Genlong , Yin Dechun , Zhao Xinbo , Shen Kewei , Zhang Lingmin , Li Jialiang , Li Chenhong , Song Jiahui , Zhao Lexin , Pei Yao , Xuan Lina , Zhang Yang , Lu Yanjie , Zhang Zhi-Ren , Yang Baofeng , Li Yue , Pan Zhenwei
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:

G protein–coupled receptors play a critical role in atrial fibrillation (AF). Spexin is a novel ligand of galanin receptors (GALRs). In this study, we investigated the regulation of spexin and GALRs on AF and the underlying mechanisms.

METHODS:

Global spexin knockout (SPX-KO) and cardiomyocyte-specific GALRs knockout (GALR-cKO) mice underwent burst pacing electrical stimulation. Optical mapping was used to determine atrial conduction velocity and action potential duration. Atrial myocyte action potential duration and inward rectifying K
+
current (
I
K1
) were recorded using whole-cell patch clamps. Isolated cardiomyocytes were stained with Fluo-3/AM dye, and intracellular Ca
2+
handling was examined by CCD camera. A mouse model of AF was established by Ang-II (angiotensin II) infusion.

RESULTS:

Spexin plasma levels in patients with AF were lower than those in subjects without AF, and knockout of spexin increased AF susceptibility in mice. In the atrium of SPX-KO mice, potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 2 (
KCNJ2
) and sarcolipin (
SLN
) were upregulated; meanwhile,
I
K1
current was increased and Ca
2+
handling was impaired in isolated atrial myocytes of SPX-KO mice. GALR2-cKO mice, but not GALR1-cKO and GALR3-cKO mice, had a higher incidence of AF, which was associated with higher
I
K1
current and intracellular Ca
2+
overload. The phosphorylation level of CREB (cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein 1) was upregulated in atrial tissues of SPX-KO and GALR2-cKO mice. Chromatin immunoprecipitation confirmed the recruitment of p-CREB to the proximal promoter regions of
KCNJ2
and
SLN
. Finally, spexin treatment suppressed CREB signaling, decreased
I
K1
current and decreased intracellular Ca
2+
overload, which thus reduced the inducibility of AF in Ang-II–infused mice.

CONCLUSIONS:

Spexin reduces atrial fibrillation susceptibility by inhibiting CREB phosphorylation and thus downregulating
KCNJ2
and
SLN
transcription by GALR2 receptor. The spexin/GALR2/CREB signaling pathway represents a novel therapeutic avenue in the development of agents against atrial fibrillation.
Predicting and Recognizing Drug‐Induced Type I Brugada Pattern Using ECG‐Based Deep Learning
Authors: Călburean Paul‐Adrian , Pannone Luigi , Monaco Cinzia , Rocca Domenico Della , Sorgente Antonio , Almorad Alexandre , Bala Gezim , Aglietti Filippo , Ramak Robbert , Overeinder Ingrid , Ströker Erwin , Pappaert Gudrun , Măru’teri Marius , Harpa Marius , La Meir Mark , Brugada Pedro , Sieira Juan , Sarkozy Andrea , Chierchia Gian‐Battista , de Asmundis Carlo
Published: May 2024

Background

Brugada syndrome (BrS) has been associated with sudden cardiac death in otherwise healthy subjects, and drug‐induced BrS accounts for 55% to 70% of all patients with BrS. This study aims to develop a deep convolutional neural network and evaluate its performance in recognizing and predicting BrS diagnosis.

Methods and Results

Consecutive patients who underwent ajmaline testing for BrS following a standardized protocol were included. ECG tracings from baseline and during ajmaline were transformed using wavelet analysis and a deep convolutional neural network was separately trained to (1) recognize and (2) predict BrS type I pattern. The resultant networks are referred to as BrS‐Net. A total of 1188 patients were included, of which 361 (30.3%) patients developed BrS type I pattern during ajmaline infusion. When trained and evaluated on ECG tracings during ajmaline, BrS‐Net recognized a BrS type I pattern with an AUC‐ROC of 0.945 (0.921–0.969) and an AUC‐PR of 0.892 (0.815–0.939). When trained and evaluated on ECG tracings at baseline, BrS‐Net predicted a BrS type I pattern during ajmaline with an AUC‐ROC of 0.805 (0.845–0.736) and an AUC‐PR of 0.605 (0.460–0.664).

Conclusions

BrS‐Net, a deep convolutional neural network, can identify BrS type I pattern with high performance. BrS‐Net can predict from baseline ECG the development of a BrS type I pattern after ajmaline with good performance in an unselected population.
Efficiency of Stress Management Training in Prevention and Overcoming Psychological Stress in Pilots
Authors: Sobchenko Alexander M.
Published: May 2024

Background. The article discusses a study of the effectiveness of psychological training “Stress Management” for pilots. The training is aimed at preventing (reducing) the negative conse-quences of professional stress as well as at preparing them for actions in high-risk conditions. The fundamental feature of this approach, in comparison with traditional psychological inter-ventions and group psychotherapy, is its targeting specific people in specific organizations. It is a combination of educational, training, psychocorrectional, rehabilitation programs with ele-ments of organizational consulting and development (Mendelevich, 2003). A common feature is being aimed at optimizing and modifying individual personality traits, developing communica-tion potential, and providing psychocorrection of deep-seated personal qualities. Objective. The article focuses on increasing competence and improving the professionally im-portant qualities of pilots. Psychological training for self-regulation (autogenic training) in combination with means of psychophysiological or psychological influence is used in order to optimize the effectiveness of professional activity. Method. To achieve the set goals and to test the hypothesis, the following complementary re-search methods were used: observation, conversation, the method of expert assessments, meth-ods of traumatic stress psychodiagnostics by I.O. Koteneva “Traumatic Event Impact Rating Scale — IES-R; DSM-4; General health — GNQ-28; PTSD; Methodology for self-assessment of situational and personal anxiety (Ch. Spielberger — Yu.L. Khanin). Results. The effectiveness of psychological training for pilots’ stress management is deter-mined by the results and the choice of methods for measuring them in two groups of variables characterizing the socio-psychological impact: a) subjectively experienced changes in the inner world, and b) objectively recorded parameters characterizing changes in various modalities of a person’s inner world combined with the sustainability of changes after “Stress Management” psychological training. Conclusions. Pilots underwent psychological training “Stress Management” used as the main relaxation method in order to overcome post-traumatic stress disorder. The use of “Stress Man-agement” training to restore the mental health of pilots in extreme flight conditions during sim-ulator training under the influence of traumatic factors has shown its effectiveness.
L’origine du langage en islam : status quaestionis
Authors: Amharar Ilyass
Published: May 2024

L’objectif de cet article est de reconstituer l’évolution chronologique du traitement de la question de l’origine du langage chez les savants musulmans, qu’ils soient théologiens, grammairiens ou théoriciens du droit, mais aussi de son analyse dans la recherche moderne. Du fait de ses nombreuses implications théologiques et linguistiques (notamment sur la question du verbe divin, du maǧāz, des noms légaux, ou encore de l’évolution de la langue), l’origine du langage chez les savants musulmans a suscité un vif intérêt de la recherche académique portant sur le kalām ou sur la philologie. Dans un premier temps, cet intérêt allait de pair avec un autre beaucoup plus large, qui tenait presque de l’obsession chez de nombreux orientalistes du XIXe siècle, à savoir la question des origines et l’éventualité d’une paternité hellénistique de la notion. Celle-ci, comme d’autres, sera progressivement contestée.
Three new species of the genus Pseudachorutella Stach, 1949 (Collembola, Neanuridae) from Russia
Authors: BABENKO ANATOLY , KUZNETSOVA NATALIA
Published: May 2024

Three new species of the genus Pseudachorutella, namely P. circassiana sp. nov., P. plurichaetosa sp. nov. and P. stebaevae sp. nov., are described from different regions of the Russian Federation. The former two new species represent the Caucasian fauna, whereas the latter is from southern Siberia. Both P. plurichaetosa sp. nov. and P. stebaevae sp. nov. seems to be especially similar to P. bescidica, from the Polish Carpathians, in showing the rich dorsal chaetotaxy characteristic of all these species. In contrast, P. circassiana sp. nov. shows a chaetotaxy comparable to that of the widespread P. asigillata and the Mediterranean P. ellisi. The latter three species can be distinguished by the length and shape of the buccal cone.
Super-Resolution Microscopy with Dense Grid After Interpolation
Authors: Cheng Tao , Xu Cong
Published: May 2024

The conventional camera image’s pixel size of super-resolution (SR) microscopy is almost the point spread function’s standard deviation, and the grid of a SR image is 1/8 of the pixel size in conventional compressed sensing-based SR microscopy. Here, based on smaller grid
size and smaller pixel size, we proposed and generated different measurement matrices, and then compared and analyzed the SR reconstruction results based on the interpolated conventional camera image and different measurement matrices. The quality of the measurement matrix is related to the
interpolation’s size. The larger the interpolation’s size, the better its performance. The quality of SR reconstruction depends not only on the measurement matrix’s performance, but also on the grid size. It is found that dense grid based on the size of interpolation equal
to 2 can help to obtain the best SR reconstruction in simulation experiments when added Gaussian noise is lower.
Modeling and Simulation of Phase Change Memory Using Digital Logic Implementation Approach
Authors: Zhou Jiao , Wang Yangyang
Published: May 2024

Phase Change Memory (PCM) adapts to space utilization and bit storage for displaying amorphous or crystalline states. This change of state relies on the nature of the information and its non-volatility period. As is well known Digital Logic operations are influential over memory modeling,
this article introduces a Propagative Adaptability Decision Module (PADM) using DL. This module is utilized based on the information non-volatility across overflow and underflow memory conditions. This utilization-based classification induces the digital logic influence by swapping the states
that are robust for further propagative adaptability. This means the possible logical combinations of 0’s and 1’s are used for deciding the states of PCM. The logical operations using OR and NOT are used for reducing overflows whereas the AND and NOT combinations are used for preventing
underflows. This reduces the volatility show-up in two distinct phases of memory utilization. Therefore, the 0 and 1 combinations are validated for all the logical operations to ensure propagative memory swapping for balancing the overflow and underflow conditions. This process does not mark
up the highest 1 or 0 combination individually due to state changes. The proposed module is validated using swapping rate, time, complexity, and overflow conditions.
Design and Performance Analysis of Soft Crawling Robot Based on Photoelectric Sensor/STM32
Authors: Wang Wenan
Published: May 2024

In this study, a control system based on STM32/photoelectric sensor is designed for soft crawling robot. The system consists of a front-end camera installed on soft robot, wireless routing, STM32 single-chip microcomputer and several photoelectric sensors. In this design, STM32 single-chip
microcomputer is used as the main controller to send instructions to the four-limb drive steering gear through RS-485 module, and the feedback incentive mechanism is adopted to improve the accuracy and stability of the digital steering gear system. In order to better perceive the working environment,
this design is also equipped with a variety of photoelectric level sensors, and photoelectric pressure sensors are installed to monitor the perceived pressure of the robot to make it move better on the ground. The photoelectric sensor is used to realize the soft crawling robot walking according
to the planned route. The photoelectric tilt robot is used to change the walking direction during the moving process. Through the overall cooperation of the above components, the movement angle of limbs can be changed to make them crawl under narrow conditions. In the experiment, soft robot’s
posture information is collected by various photoelectric sensors and displayed on the corresponding control interface, so that it can walk at the specified gait and leg swinging frequency. On the flat road, the swinging frequency of the robot first increases and then gradually stabilizes,
and the movement efficiency is maintained at about 75% at the maximum movement speed.
Preparation and Characterization of Five Amino-Modified Hyper-Crosslinked Polymers and Performance Evaluation for Aged Transformer Oil Reclamation
Authors: Shi Yurou , Dou Peng , Fu Gaojie , Xie Chenyan , Shen Bin
Published: May 2024

Adsorption is intensively considered to be the most feasible and economical option for aged transformer oil treatment. In this work, five aminated hyper-crosslinked polymers were prepared from chloromethylated polystyrene–co-divinylbenzene (Cl-PS-DVB) through a two-stage modification
of crosslinking and five different reagents aminating. After modification, the specific surface area (SBET) and nitrogen content (CN) of prepared resins were greatly improved. To evaluate the reclamation performance of resins for removing oxides and contaminants from
aged transformer oils, the total acid number (TAN) and color of oils were mainly examined. The results shown that the prepared resins have superior oil reclamation capacity compared to commercial resin XAD-4 due to their higher microporous specific surface area (Smic) and surface
polarity. Among them, the NHC-R3, which used dimethyltriamine (DETA) as an aminating agent, had the best deacidification and decolorization performance. A series of experiments were designed to investigate the optimal regeneration program conditions for NHC-R3, and the additional electrical
characteristics of the reclaimed oil, including breakdown voltage, dielectric dissipation factor (DDF), and interfacial tension, were measured as evidence that aged oil was successfully reclaimed.
Choosing Life in All Its Fullness: The Nature of the Abundant Life and Its Relationship to Abortion Politics
Authors: Sweeney Sylvia A.
Published: May 2024

In John 10:7-10, Jesus promises that he has come so that we may have life in all its fullness. This article examines life in its fullness from an Anglican perspective, articulating a Christian ethic that asserts freedom, voice, identity, and an opportunity to flourish are essential components to such a life. Life experiences illuminate ways in which the choice about whether or not to terminate a pregnancy helped define full life for both mothers and children. These insights grow out of experiences working in a teenage parent program in Florida and as the director of a family planning clinic in the rural west. The premise of the article is that both scripture and our Anglican tradition imagine life to mean more than just subsistence, and that current prohibitions on abortion, even before fetus viability, thwart Christ’s vision for life, most poignantly for women and children in poor and rural settings.
“You Can if You Must, but We’d Prefer It if You Didn’t”: Can We Develop a More Pastoral Theology of Abortion?
Authors: Percy Emma
Published: May 2024

Some Anglican Churches have adopted permissive acceptance of abortion while expressing the hope it will be rare. This presumes competition between the welfare of the woman and that of her unborn child. In this article, I will critique statements from the Church of England and The Episcopal Church, United States through a feminist-pastoral perspective. I will look principally at early abortions which are often a response to unintended pregnancy. I will discuss abortion alongside miscarriage challenging pro-natal assumptions inherent in the Christian tradition. I will also discuss the costs of pregnancy. In doing so, I will draw on the pragmatic and pastoral strengths of Anglican theology to argue for a position that respects and supports women’s moral decision to not bring a new life into being, recognizing this can be a considered response for the welfare of a potential child as well as for the woman.
Dispersion Analysis of Perpendicular Modes Using a Hybrid Two-Trace Two-Dimensional (2T2D) Smart Error Sum
Authors: Mayerhöfer Thomas G. , Noda Isao , Popp Jürgen
Published: May 2024

Using linear dichroism theory, one would assume that a z-cut of a uniaxial crystal is equivalent to an x-cut to determine the perpendicular component of the dielectric tensor and the corresponding oscillator parameters. However, Fresnel's equations show that the effect of interfaces in the form of the continuity relations of the different components of the electric field must be considered. A consequence of the continuity relations is that perpendicular modes increase less significantly in strength with increasing angle of incidence than expected. This is a consequence of the fact that it is the inverse of the perpendicular component of the dielectric function that increasingly becomes important with a growing angle of incidence. An inverse dielectric function, however, has typically much smaller values than the dielectric function. An additional consequence is that perpendicular modes are blueshifted and coupled in such a way that oscillator strength is transferred to the higher wavenumber mode. Thus, the spectral signatures of perpendicular modes are often weak and masked by the parallel modes when two modes overlap. Accordingly, to enable dispersion analysis, it is suggested to use a hybrid of the conventional residual sum of squares and the two-trace two-dimensional (2T2D) smart error sum, which can correct systematic multiplicable errors in the experimental spectrum. As demonstrated for fresnoite (Ba2TiSi2O8), this is an important step toward determining the perpendicular component of the dielectric tensor and the corresponding oscillator parameters using dispersion analysis, since asynchronous 2T2D correlation spectra are, in particular, sensitive to perpendicular modes.
Examining Latina IPV Survivors’ Help-Seeking Experiences: Unmet Needs and Lack of Culturally Competent Services
Authors: Hernandez Cristal N. , Clevenger Shelly , Backes Bethany
Published: May 2024

The current study examines the help-seeking experience of Latina intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors. By relying on data from a statewide IPV service needs assessment, this study answers the following research questions: (RQ1) What is the experience of seeking help from an IPV service agency like for Latina survivors? (RQ2) What are the most prevalent unmet needs among Latina survivors seeking help from an IPV service agency? Based on various rounds of thematic analysis, findings reveal there is a lack of culturally competent services and that housing, language barriers, and legal status are all interrelated factors that serve as a triple disadvantage for Latina IPV survivors.
Research on rotor fault diagnosis technology of three-phase asynchronous motor based on NA-MEMD mutual information and SVM
Authors: Ali Hui , Jie Yu , Weiqiang Lu
Published: May 2024

Aiming at the problem of mode aliasing in the adaptive decomposition of nonlinear and non-stationary current signals generated by three-phase asynchronous motor faults, and the fault features contained in signals collected by a single sensor can not be accurately and comprehensively extracted and characterized when early rotor bar breakage and air gap eccentricity faults occur, A fault diagnosis method for three-phase asynchronous motor based on noise assisted multivariate empirical mode decomposition (NA-MEMD) and mutual information is proposed. Firstly, the NA-MEMD algorithm is used to decompose the three-phase stator current signal of the asynchronous motor to obtain multi-scale intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Then, the correlation algorithm is used to screen the IMFs containing useful information. Then, the filtered IMF components are reconstructed into new signals and their features are extracted, Finally, support vector machines (SVM) are used to identify the rotor broken bars and air gap eccentric faults of the three-phase asynchronous motor. The experimental results show that the NA-MEMD method has a higher recognition rate than the traditional empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) methods.
Hipparchos and the ancient analemma
Authors: Sidoli Nathan
Published: May 2024

This paper shows that the values for the phenomena related to υ Boö that Hipparchos claims in his Commentary on the Phenomena of Aratos and Eudoxos to have produced “by means of lines” (διὰ τῶ ν γραμμῶ ν) can all be computed using the ancient analemma.
The artful early instruments of Peter Apian: Ein kunstlich Instrument of 1524, its precursors and its successors
Authors: Gislén Lars , Evans James
Published: May 2024

In 1524, Petrus Apianus published two closely related works—one the Latin Cosmographicus liber, aimed at an educated audience of international readers, and the other, Ein kunstlich Instrument, a shorter, more practical book for those who could read German but had no Latin. Both books nevertheless make use of most of the same instruments, including Apianus’ early volvelles. Most of these instruments also reappear in subsequent editions of Cosmographicus liber (or Cosmographia, a frequent alternative title). While the Cosmographicus liber has received much scholarly attention, Ein kunstlich Instrument has received very little. In this paper we (1) set the instruments of Ein kunstlich Instrument in the context of Apianus’ earlier work, especially his lost Mappa mundi and the extant booklets ( Declaratio and Isagoge) that explained it, (2) compare the German- and Latin-language books of 1524, (3) explain in detail those instruments that have not heretofore been adequately discussed, and (4) explore their later history. We also make available, in the on-line edition of the Journal, working virtual copies of Apianus’ instruments from Ein kunstlich Instrument.
Checking Multiple Boxes: Themes Associated With Bicultural Identities
Authors: Lin Merrisa , Ramírez-Esparza Nairán
Published: May 2024

Multicultural individuals frequently feel they must check multiple boxes when responding to identity questions. In this investigation, we collected narratives from 402 bicultural individuals about their experiences with multicultural identities and used automated text-analytic tools to examine the valence of the narratives (sentiment analysis) and the most prevalent themes used (Meaning Extraction Method). In addition, we examined the relationships between the narratives and the two dimensions of Bicultural Identity Integration (BII) scales, Harmony and Blendedness. Findings suggested that the narratives were more emotionally positive than negative, and there were six most common themes. Furthermore, themes were significantly associated with BII scales. Our analyses provide deeper insights into the nature of bicultural identity using naturalistic language data.
Standards-Based Grading in Ensemble Music
Authors: Shaw Brian P.
Published: May 2024

Nearly all music educators assign grades to students. However, not all methods for grading are equally effective at reporting student achievement. This article describes one approach to grading, standards-based grading, that has the potential to support music educators’ efforts to achieve grades that are honest, meaningful, and fair. General principles and specific recommendations for ensemble music teachers are discussed.