bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LEGAL REGULATION DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEGRATED EUROPEAN UNION POLICY FOR THE ARCTIC IN COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION CONCLUSIONS OF 2016 AND 2019
Authors: MONOKIN E. N. , MAZAEVA N. N.
Published: March 2021

The article is dedicated to the study of legal regulation development of the EU Arctic policy, on the example of its current basic document (Joint Communication by the European Commission and the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy on An integrated European Union policy for the Arctic 2016) provisions evolution in the latest documents — four conclusions issued by the Council of the European Union in 2016 and 2019. Place and role of the aforementioned acts in legal regulation of the EU Arctic policy, as well as their interconnection, is examined. View of the Council of the European Union, as one of the Policy addressee, on its further development is demonstrated. By means of in-depth analysis of thematically different conclusions of the Council of the European Union, their contribution to the development of the ideas of Joint Communication within such directions as environment, sustainable development and international cooperation in Arctic is considered; new proposals and approaches are underlined. Special attention is paid to the definition of the legal nature of Joint Communication and conclusions as atypical acts of the EU institutions. During the study of documents accompanying the conclusions (especially on space issue), an integrated nature of the EU Arctic policy is demonstrated, i.e. its relationship with other EU policies and areas of competence (maritime, environmental, space). Based on the results of the study, several findings are made: Council conclusions of 2016 and 2019 compose together a single entity as integrated documents package, serve as the basis for further actions by the EU and Member States in the Arctic region; implementation of 2016 Policy in 2019-2020 and 2021 is carried along the same lines laid down by it, according to the same priorities, which are more adapted and supplemented by documents following it, with tendency to greater integration of Arctic policy into neighboring areas of competence.
Non operative management of isolated traumatic splenic injury
Authors: Thakur Shiwani , Awan Naseer Ahmed , Mushtaq Umer , Jeelani Shaukat , Attri M. R. , Gilkar Ishfaq Ahmad , Wani Yaser Hussain
Published: March 2021

Background: Road traffic accidents, sports injuries, assaults, and falls from height, are among most common causes of blunt splenic trauma. In 1970s, postsplenectomy complications were published by some authors, revealing the high mortality and morbidity related to overwhelming postsplenectomy infection (OPSI). Therefore, conservative management for splenic trauma was accepted as treatment of choice in all the patients to decrease mortality due to OPSI. Therefore, NOM of traumatic splenic injury has now been accepted as standard treatment of choice for all AAST grade I, II and III, whereas this was not found safe in higher grades of splenic trauma.  Methods: This is a hospital based prospective observational study, done on 45 hemodynamically stable patients of splenic trauma. Results: Out of all studied parameters grade of injury, contrast blush on CT scan, grade of hemoperitoneum showed statistical significance with p value<0.001, however gender, age, mode of injury, showed no statistical significance. In our study, out of 45 patients, 38 (84.44%) patients had successful NOM of splenic trauma.  Conclusions: Non-operative management (NOM) of blunt injury to the spleen in adults has become the standard of care in hemodynamically stable patients. This modality of treatment in paediatric patients is also highly successful and is standard treatment of choice in both adults and children. Success of NOM of isolated splenic injury depends on multiple factors such as availability of ICUs, high dependency units for strict monitoring, blood banks and availability of multidisciplinary team efforts encompassing anesthetics, trauma surgeons, radiologists, for successful outcome.
Comparing the corneal curvatures obtained from three different keratometers-IOL Master, Bausch & Lomb Manual keratometer and TOPCON KR 8800 autokeratometer
Authors:   Srinivas Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mukka, Karnataka 574146, India, Pereira Arpitha
Published: March 2021

AIM: To compare the corneal curvature and to investigate the agreement between three different keratometers. METHODS: In this prospective study, keratometry was performed using an IOL Master, a Bausch & Lomb manual keratometer and TOPCON KR-8800 autokeratometer on 252 eyes of patients recruited from camps for cataract surgery. The average keratometry values were recorded and compared. The agreements between the instruments were analyzed using the Bland Altman statistical method. The main outcome measure was average keratometry values.RESULTS: The mean corneal power was 44.62±1.52 D with the IOL Master, 44.60±1.52 D with the manual keratometer, and 44.46±1.53 D with the autokeratometer. The paired t test demonstrated a statistically significant difference in the mean corneal power between the IOL Master and manual keratometer (P=0.001), IOL Master and autokeratometer (P<0.0001), autokeratometer and manual keratometer (P<0.0001). The 95% limits of agreement (LoA) of the IOL Master and manual keratometer were -0.22 to 0.26; IOL Master and autokeratometer were -0.24 to 0.55; autokeratometer and manual keratometer were -0.30 to 0.57 as shown in the Bland-Altman plot. CONCLUSION: Keratometry data obtained with different instruments may not be interchangeable, a fact that has important implications for cataract surgeons with respect to both surgical planning and outcomes auditing.
Using Comet Assay for Genotoxic Evaluation of Zataria multiflora Boiss., An Iranian Endemic Plant
Authors: Ayubi Z. , Jafari A.A. , Ayatollahi-Mousavi S.A. , Jafari H. , Panddeh M.
Published: March 2021

Background: Zataria multiflora Boiss. (Avishan-e Shirazi), as an Iranian endemic plant, belongs to the Lamiaceae family and may be used as a food preservative. This study aimed to detect potential genotoxic effects of Z. multiflora extract. 
Methods: Hydro-alcoholic extract of Z. multiflora was prepared. Human B lymphocytes were treated with 1% extract within 3 and 24 h. Sterile Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) and cisplatin were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. DNA damage profiles were examined using comet assay (Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis). Data were statistically analyzed by SPSS software v. 21.
Results: No statistically significant (p=0.071) DNA damage was observed in B lymphocytes treated with either Z. multiflora extract or PBS after 3 and 24 h. However, there was a statistically significant difference (p=0.0001) between DNA damage in B lymphocytes that treated with cisplatin and Z. multiflora after 3 and 24 h.
Conclusion: The comet assay used in the current study showed that Z. multiflora had no genotoxic effect.
A Case Study into the Motivations, Challenges and Opportunities in Crowdfunding: An Entrepreneurial Perspective
Authors: Wang Chun Yan , Johnston Kate , Caraher Maeve
Published: March 2021

This case describes the motivation, challenges, and opportunities the founder of an innovative cycling product experienced as he attempted to use crowdfunding as a platform to establish and grow his business idea. The case begins with a brief overview of how the entrepreneur came up with the idea and the journey from product concept to product launch. The decision to crowdfund the idea is explained and the challenges and opportunities in trying to navigate the crowdfunding arena are explored; from selecting a suitable crowdfunding platform to the launch and management of the final campaign. Despite the fact the campaign failed to raise the funding target, the media coverage from the crowdfunding campaign led to a number of significant business avenues, which ultimately helped launch the product onto the marketplace. The case examines these events and closes as the entrepreneur reflects on the lessons learnt from the experience and his advice going forward to anyone considering crowdfunding.
“It Helps if You Think of Yourself as a Radio Presenter!” A Lefebvrian Commentary on the Concerns, Conflicts and Opportunities of Online Block Teaching
Authors: Harkin Ben , Nerantzi Chrissi
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has generated shifts in how higher education provision is offered. In one UK institution block teaching was introduced. This way of teaching and learning has brought new challenges and opportunities for staff and students. To date, little research or theoretical discussion has investigated how this hybrid approach or differences between tutors and student can arise in the use of online teaching spaces (OTS) within a block-teaching format. The present paper focuses on the institution-wide implementation of an online block-teaching model at Manchester Metropolitan University in the United Kingdom. With a specific emphasis on observations and reflections on the experiences of undergraduate students’ and staff by one of the authors from the Department of Psychology who employed an online block teaching approach (6 weeks) from the beginning of block 1 during the academic year 2020/21. We provide a novel methodological advancement of Lefebvre’s (1991) Trialectic of Space to discuss how students and tutors jointly produce and experience learning and teaching within an online block teaching approach. Pre-existing behavioural, cognitive and emotional experiences of using online spaces, contribute to the curriculum, student-tutor and student-student dialogue. We also highlight the importance of community within an online block teaching approach. Applications of the Lefebvrian model (1991) to present pedagogical approaches along with avenues of future research are considered.
A problemática da Aplicação da Teoria do Adimplemento Substancial aos Contratos de Promessa de Compra e Venda de Bens Imóveis na Jurisprudência do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Paraná
Authors: Kiyosen Nakayama Juliana , Rodrigues Bernardelli Daniela
Published: March 2021

A teoria do adimplemento substancial surge com a finalidade de impedir a resolução contratual pelo inadimplemento sem que antes seja realizada uma ponderação judicial entre a utilidade para o credor da extinção deste contrato e os prejuízos resultantes para o devedor e terceiros. O objetivo é analisar a aplicação desta teoria pelo Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Paraná (TJPR), especificamente aos contratos de promessa de compra e venda de imóvel, e seus possíveis reflexos socioeconômicos. Com base em uma pesquisa detalhada na base eletrônica de jurisprudência deste Tribunal, realizada em 19 de janeiro de 2019, foram encontrados 121 julgados sobre este tema que, associados à análise doutrinária, embasaram este estudo. Constatou-se que a maioria das decisões abordava a possível manutenção do contrato com base na mencionada teoria apenas sob o ponto de vista quantitativo (matemático), ou seja, se o percentual adimplido chegou quase ao final. A conclusão obtida foi de que a falta de exame dos elementos qualitativos, relativos ao comportamento das partes e ao justo motivo para o inadimplemento, resulta em uma análise superficial, em que o contrato é relativizado sem a avaliação integral dos elementos, o que provoca insegurança jurídica aos contratantes, resultando no aumento do preço dos contratos e na consequente seleção adversa dos futuros promissários compradores.
ENTREVISTA COM FELIPE MUNITA
Authors: Mello Cláudio José de Almeida
Published: March 2021

Nesta entrevista, Felipe Munita apresenta um panorama do contexto de investigação em didática da literatura na contemporaneidade, abordando desde temas teóricos como o conceito de professor-leitor, a  relação entre cognição e fruição na experiência estética e tendências teórico-metodológicas, até questões ligadas à práxis docente como a relevância do trabalho envolvendo biblioteca escolar e as práticas de ensino na escola, além de temas transversais como enfoques prioritários na cooperação científica latino-americana. O pesquisador chileno recebeu a menção de Doutor Internacional e Prêmio Extraordinário de Doutorado por sua tese sobre mediação de leitura defendida na Universidade Autônoma de Barcelona, sob a supervisão de Teresa Colomer. Tem atuado como conferencista, formador de mediadores, professor e pesquisador em vários países da Europa, América Latina e do Norte, em algumas ações como consultor internacional da Unesco em programas para mediadores de leitura. Atualmente, é Professor da Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile e membro do Grupo de Investigación de literatura infantil y juvenil y educación literaria de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.
A LEITURA LITERÁRIA É UM CONCEITO DIDÁTICO?
Authors: Louichon Brigitte
Published: March 2021

A leitura literária é uma noção muito presente em didática da literatura. No entanto, as acepções são bastante diversas. A partir de um corpus de artigos ou de obras bem conhecidas, claramente centradas sobre a leitura literária, são comparadas as definições dadas da leitura literária e os discursos a este respeito. Em um segundo tempo, e a partir de um segundo corpus de contribuições, serão desvendados os usos do sintagma “leitura literária” para tentar delimitar as acepções em discurso.
DIREITA, ESQUERDA E OS CORRETOS NA LITERATURA INFANTIL
Authors: Ichilevici Vita
Published: March 2021

O artigo trata de um novo tipo de censura, que atinge obras de literatura infantil a partir de demandas ideológicas e tensões entre grupos progressistas e conservadores, cada qual com seu rol de temas e termos corretos. Sem fundamentos teóricos, tal censura se baseia em discursos indignados, que se iniciam, quase sempre, nas redes sociais. A partir da análise de dois casos recentes de retirada de circulação de livros infantis – um provocado por argumentos tidos como de esquerda, o outro, de direita –  nosso objetivo é analisar os efeitos das tentativas de restrição sobre o acesso da criança a determinadas obras.
MEDIAÇÃO DA LEITURA EM BIBLIOTECAS
Authors: Garcia Brito Regina
Published: March 2021

O presente texto tem por objetivo tratar das especificidades da mediação da leitura literária em bibliotecas. Inicia-se com descrição dos paradigmas de bibliotecas, dado que para entender a relação entre Bibliotecas e Literatura, faz-se necessário compreender os modelos de biblioteca e a influência que podem exercer na relação dos leitores com as obras literárias e com a leitura de forma geral. Em seguida, trata das funções da literatura, sua relação com a formação, conhecimento, experiência, terapia, entre outras. Por fim, reflete sobre a importância das categorias compartilhamento e escuta para a mediação da leitura literária em bibliotecas, uma mediação a ser planejada de forma criteriosa, à luz de conhecimentos específicos, dado que não se constitui como simples transmissão ou mera permissão de acesso aos bens culturais.
VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICA DO POLICULTIVO DE GIRINOS DE RÃ-TOURO COM ALEVINOS DE TILÁPIA DO NILO DURANTE INVERNO E BAIXA DENSIDADE
Authors: De Souza Ferreira Nathália , De Souza Ferreira Patrícia , Maia Pereira Marcelo
Published: March 2021

O policultivo é uma prática excelente para pequenos produtores para diversificar a produção. Este projeto foi realizado com objetivo avaliar a criação em policultivo de girinos de rã-touro com alevinos de tilápia do Nilo durante inverno e em baixa densidade e a sua viabilidade econômica. Houve no estudo um total de 70 animais por unidade amostral em três caixas de alvenaria, com volume útil foi de 700 L e densidade de 1 animal para cada 10 L, sendo 6 girinos para cada alevino, durante 46 dias experimentais, para avaliar o crescimento dos animais foram realizadas quatro biometrias. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: peso vivo dos animais por espécie (g), sobrevivência (%), ganho de peso (g) e conversão alimentar aparente (g/g), os dados de custos foram obtidos para viabilidade econômica foram lucro bruto (R$), lucro líquido (R$) e o tempo de retorno do investimento para três situações (local de criação existente, compra de caixa de água plástica e construção em alvenaria), a estatística foi descritiva. Os parâmetros zootécnicos avaliados se mostraram dentro dos parâmetros aceitáveis para cada espécie. O sistema de policultivo nas condições proposta foi viável para criação das duas espécies aquáticas e também para os pequenos produtores que possuem infraestrutura existente na propriedade e mão de obra familiar.
REQUISITOS PARA VALORAÇÃO DE PATENTES EM UNIVERSIDADES: O CASO DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO TOCANTINS
Authors: Porto Junior Francisco Gilson Rebouças , Ribeiro Mauricio Santana , Pessoa Wandson Mendes
Published: March 2021

A valoração de patentes consiste de uma técnica para estabelecer o preço de venda de uma nova tecnologia, como é o caso das patentes. Este artigo discute como as tecnologias desenvolvidas nas universidades podem ter estabelecido um preço justo de venda, mais especificamente a universidade federal do Tocantins. O estudo mostrou que o número de patentes já depositadas pela universidade foi considerável nos últimos 5 anos, elevando o número de depósitos no INPI e qualificando o estado do Tocantins neste quesito, porém, a discussão centra-se em elaborar um conceito que possa valorar de maneira mais justa a tecnologia e auxiliar quando o processo de transferência de tecnologia for executado.
The Effectiveness Of Software As Learning Media To Detect And Reduce Misconception In Stoichiometry Material
Authors: Alfiyanti Reza , Sukarmin Sukarmin
Published: March 2021

In chemistry, an abstract material consists of three levels of representations that are macroscopic, sub-microscopic, and symbolic. However, many students have misconceptions due to the difficulty in understanding the relationship between the three levels representations. Misconceptions should be reduced or prevented as early as possible because it is resistant and difficult to change. Stoichiometry represents one example of chemistry material which consists of abstract concepts that usually lead to student misconceptions. The misconception in this material can be reduced if the wrong concept has already detected. Therefore it needed the tool that can detect and reduce these misconceptions. Software can be used as the tool to detect and reduce misconception because it has two functions as assessment and learning tool. Software must be said effective before it is used by student. So that this study aim is knowing the effectiveness of software to detect and reduce misconceptions in stoichiometry material. This study used Research and Development method. The result of this study shows that software is effective to detect and reduce misconceptions. It is proved by the average percentage of misconception shift to understand the concept about 80,13% which is categorized as effective.
Crosstalk between Existential Phenomenological Psychotherapy and Neurological Science in Mood and Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Balogh Lehel , Tanaka Masaru , Török Nóra , Vécsei László , Taguchi Shigeru
Published: March 2021

Psychotherapy is a comprehensive biological treatment modifying complex underlying cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and regulatory responses in the brain, leading patients with mental illness to a new interpretation of the sense of self and others. Psychotherapy is an art of science integrated with psychology and/or philosophy. Neurological science studies the neurological basis of cognition, memory, and behavior as well as the impact of neurological damage and disease on the functions, and their treatment. Both psychotherapy and neurological science deal with the brain; nevertheless, they continue to stay polarized far. Existential phenomenological psychotherapy (EPP) has been in the forefront of meaning-centered counseling for almost a century. The phenomenological approach in psychotherapy originated in the works of Martin Heidegger, Ludwig Binswanger, Medard Boss and Viktor Frankl, and it has been committed to account for the existential possibilities and limitations of one’s life. EPP provides philosophically rich interpretations and empowers counseling techniques to assist mentally suffering individuals by finding meaning and purpose of life. The approach has proven to be effective in treating mood and anxiety disorders. This narrative review article demonstrates the development of EPP, the therapeutic methodology, evidence-based accounts of its curative techniques, current understanding of mood and anxiety disorders in neurological science, and a possible converging path to translate and integrate meaning-centered psychotherapy and neurological science, concluding that the existential phenomenological psychotherapy potently plays a synergistic role with the currently prevailing medication-based approaches for the treatment of mood and anxiety disorders.
Device-Free Indoor Location Estimation System Using Commodity Wireless LANs
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Kim Minseok , Momose Hideaki , Yasukawa Satoru
Published: March 2021

In recent years, since the propagation channel characteristics have been effectively used for applications such as motion sensing, position detection, etc. A great deal of attention is attracted to channel sounding methods easy to utilize using low-cost devices. This paper presents a device-free indoor location estimation method using spatio-temporal features of radio propagation channels using the 2.4-GHz band 3-by-3 MIMO channel sounder developed using commodity wireless LANs. The measurement results demonstrated a reasonable performance of the proposed method with small number of antennas.
A Domestic Case of Pediatric Miliary Tuberculosis
Authors: Galvis Alvaro , Beatrice Batoczki , Pecson Iris , Nakamura Craig
Published: March 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. Among children, TB can have a wide range of non-specific clinical and radiological manifestations becoming a challenging diagnosis, particularly in areas with a low prevalence. We present the case of a 14 month-old female with a history of fever of unknown origin (FUO) and later diagnosed with miliary tuberculosis.
Mathematical model of radiation-induced conductivity in quartz under the influence of high-power X-ray radiation
Authors: Barykov Ivan Anatol'yevich , Vichev Ilia Yurievich , Volkov Yuri Aleksandrovich , Zaytsev Vladimir Ivanovich , Zalozhnyy Nikita Vladimirovich , Kanevskiy Vladimir Mikhaylovich , Tarakanov Ilya Alekseyevich , Fedorov Vladimir Anatol'yevich
Published: March 2021

A model of generation and dynamics of radiation conductivity in quartz under the action of powerful soft X-ray radiation is constructed. The charge carrier dynamics model is based on the joint solution of self-consistent kinetic equations and Maxwell's equations. The model was verified by comparing the current calculations on the quartz surface with experiments on the Angara-5-1 thermonuclear installation. The current over the surface of the quartz sensor generated by a powerful pulse of soft X-ray radiation from the Angara-5-1 setup was taken as experimental data.
Advanced Templating for Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Gannon Nicholas P. , Wise Kelsey L. , Knudsen Michael L.
Published: March 2021

» Longitudinal clinical and radiographic success of total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) is critically dependent on optimal glenoid component position.

» Historically, preoperative templating utilized radiographs with commercially produced overlay implant templates and a basic understanding of glenoid morphology.

» The advent of 3-dimensional imaging and templating has achieved more accurate and precise pathologic glenoid interrogation and glenoid implant positioning than historical 2-dimensional imaging.

» Advanced templating allows for the understanding of unique patient morphology, the recognition and anticipation of potential operative challenges, and the prediction of implant limitations, and it provides a method for preoperatively addressing abnormal glenoid morphology.

» Synergistic software, implants, and instrumentation have emerged with the aim of improving the accuracy of glenoid component implantation. Additional studies are warranted to determine the ultimate efficacy and cost-effectiveness of these technologies, as well as the potential for improvements in TSA outcomes.
Medial Osteoarthritis in an ACL-Deficient Knee
Authors: Vajapey Sravya P. , Alvarez Paul M. , Greco Nicholas J. , Chonko Douglas J.
Published: March 2021

» In anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient knees, treatment of medial compartment osteoarthritis (OA) that is refractory to nonoperative modalities is a controversial subject.

» Currently available treatment options include unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) with or without ACL reconstruction (ACLR), high tibial osteotomy (HTO) with or without ACLR, and total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

» Each treatment option has its own risks and benefits, and the evidence that is reviewed in this article suggests that patient characteristics guide treatment selection.

» Future high-quality prospective studies that directly compare all 3 of the modalities are necessary to determine the best treatment option for different patient populations.
De travers dans la gorge
Authors: Gauthier Antoine
Published: March 2021

Antoine Gauthier's contribution for the COVID-19 Special Issue. 

Contribution d'Antoine Gauthier pour le numéro spécial de COVID-19.
Creating the Conditions to Create
Authors: Howell Carlie
Published: March 2021

As a professional bassist who identifies as female and queer, I have my share of horror stories about experiences in the music industry. But I also have a solid peer group that is actively working to improve things, and with whom I have an ongoing dialogue. Specifically, in the last year, we started to observe the radical behavioural changes we've made as a society in response to the Covid19 pandemic, and how these protocols could be viewed with an anti-oppressive lens. I started to think about my values as an improvising musician, and how they provide an analogy and a framework for broader social interaction. I used the writing of this article as an opportunity to speak with some of my musical peers about their individual experiences and their ideas for creating safer spaces. We talked about the skills we had as improvisers, and how the pandemic could be a pivot point in creating a safer, more authentically inclusive music scene for women, trans, and gender queer people. This piece reflects those conversations and offers practical considerations and theoretical frameworks that are relevant to individual improvisers and ensembles, as well as promoters, curators, and venues.
"Your network bandwith is low"
Authors: Morgan-Ellis Esther
Published: March 2021

My contribution is a personal account about my experiences with online participatory music-making in the first few months of the pandemic. As an old-time fiddler, I anchored a local Zoom jam and attended a Zoom-based music camp. As a Sacred Harp singer, I participated in regular singings via Facebook Live.
Alone Together
Authors: Bajakian Aram
Published: March 2021

Aram Bajakian's contribution to the COVID-19 Special Issue.
Equality in Isolation
Authors: Yeoh Pei Ann
Published: March 2021

This article follows the pandemic practice of London Improviser's Orchestra between April 2020 and June 2020 from the perspective of a Malaysian musician. Virtual mobility and accessibility, isolation and belonging: traits and tropes of the COVID-19 life.
Re-imagining Creative Music-making
Authors: Attariwala Parmela
Published: March 2021

Within days of Vancouver locking down in March 2020, NOW Society’s artistic director, Dr. Lisa Cay Miller, crafted an imaginative means of engaging local and international improvisers in an online series, Creative Music Series #8 (CMS#8). The series showcased not only the musicians’ improvisatory skills, but their compositional abilities. Drawing upon conversations with musicians who took part in CMS#8, Parmela Attariwala reflects upon how the series shaped the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic for her and fellow improvisors involved in the series. She also considers the artistic potency enabled by the mode of creation developed for CMS#8.
Streaming Into the Unknown
Authors: Dacks David
Published: March 2021

David Dacks, Executive Director of the Music Gallery in Toronto, discusses the organization's response to Covid-19.
COVID-19 and the Creative Music Ecology
Authors: Thomson Scott , Ng Karen
Published: March 2021

Karen Ng and Scott Thomson reflect on the impact of the pandemic on the field of creative improvised music from their perspectives as performers, composers, and presenters. Along the way, they explore the nature and limitations of livestream performance, and articulate why, as co-programmers of the Guelph Jazz Festival, they have not presented livestream or other digital programming during the pandemic.
Prepared for the Worst . . . and the Best
Authors: Kent Brendan
Published: March 2021

When physical distancing became necessary as a result of COVID-19, I wanted to find out how to make music in real time over the internet. Fortunately, I found the Mannlicher Carcano Radio Hour! This improvisational collective has a history of networked performance—now facilitated via the conferencing platform Zoom—that stretches back to its origins in experimental call-in radio collage during the 1990s. This ‘community voices’ piece describes some of the ways participants from around the world join together on Saturdays to improvise and socialize as a networked community.
L’effet de la pandémie de la Covid-19 sur Résonances et ses artistes
Authors: Deschamps Marjorie , Azoulay Yaëlle , Azoulay Noémie
Published: March 2021

A contribution from Résonances for the COVID-19 Special Issue. 

Contribution de Résonances pour le numéro spécial de COVID-19.
Holding Space in these Uncertain Times
Authors: Clark Moe , Risk Laura
Published: March 2021

Laura Risk in conversation with Moe Clark about continuing to create music during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Very Urgent
Authors: Evangelista Karl Alfonso
Published: March 2021

Karl Evangelista's contribution to the special issue, "Improvisation, Musical Communities, and the COVID-19 Pandemic."
Black Time in the Age of COVID
Authors: Lewis Eric
Published: March 2021

Both telematic performances and COVID suffer from latency. In telematic performance, it is the lag between a musical gesture you make, and the time that others in the network receive it. In COVID, it is lags between contact and showing symptoms, and between pubic health policy decisions and their effects. I argue that we need to embrace latency as an improvisational partner both in our telematic performances, and in our health care policies. I argue that Black aesthetics and Black approaches to sound and improvisation have long embraced latency, and that we need to become what is sometime called Afro-logical improvisers both in our networked performances and in our COVID related health policies.
A History of Violence
Authors: Walcott Rinaldo
Published: March 2021

Rinaldo Walcott discusses the intersections between the COVID-19 pandemic and police brutality in this contribution to the special issue.
Green BIM-based Study on the Green Performance of University Buildings in Northern China
Authors: Liu Qibo , Wang Zixin
Published: March 2021

Background: Green BIM emphasizing the contribution of BIM technology to the design and construction of green buildings. It attaching importance to the impact of climate and regional environment, using benchmarking and target setting, using BIM architecture for building performance analysis and realizing performance optimization through scheme comparison and modification. A university campus is a community that has a certain geographical scope and spatial scale and involves a variety of functions, such as teaching, scientific research, and living space. Hence, a campus possesses urban characteristics and diverse building types, and the construction of green university campuses will play a leading role in green urban construction in China under the increasing ecological and energy pressure of cities. Methods: Based on the Green BIM decision cycle model, the study employs BIM architecture to analyses building performance. By using the as the evaluation benchmark values and project objectives and taking the most representative teaching buildings, libraries, and dormitory buildings in universities in northern China as examples, the study selects appropriate BIM software, establishes models in steps, and conducts targeted visual analysis. The purpose is to find out the commonness and difference through the analysis, and then realize that the diversity of building types in campus determines that the green performance research of different types of buildings should comprehensively consider various design factors. Results and conclusions: Taking a university library in northern China as an example, the study optimized it from four aspects: base environment, function layout, envelope performance and system transformation, and management measures improvement. The results show that the total annual cumulative energy consumption load of the scheme is reduced obviously. The conclusions are that the improvement of university buildings' green performance must be comprehensively carried out from the aspects of planning, building design, system design, energy management, and energy conservation planning. In the future, we also need to carry out energy consumption data mining, continue the energy-saving transformation of existing buildings and energy consumption systems, achieve the goal of green and low-carbon campus.
An Ozonolysis Based Method and Applications for the Non-lethal Modification of Insect Cuticular Hydrocarbons
Authors: Savage Benjamin Alexander , Chung Henry , Masten Susan , Wang Zinan , Grieshop Matthew
Published: March 2021

Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) are important, multi-function components of the insect epicuticle. In Drosophila spp., CHCs provide protection from desiccation and serve as semiochemicals for both intra- and interspecific communication. We developed a non-lethal method for the modification of Drosophila CHCs profiles through the exposure of live insects to a high dose of ozone gas (~45,000 ppm). Drosophila suzukii that were treated with ozone showed a 1.63-3.10 fold reduction in unsaturated hydrocarbons with these CHCs shown to regenerate over 108 h. Changes in CHCs were correlated with significantly reduced desiccation resistance in both male and female D. suzukii at one h after ozone treatment. Interestingly, individuals treated with ozone showed increased desiccation resistance in comparison to controls at 108 h after ozone treatment. The methodology reported in this paper provides a novel approach to investigate the biosynthesis and functions of CHCs during the lifespan of an insect.
Design space calculation and continuous improvement considering a noise parameter: A case study of ethanol precipitation process optimization for the Carthami Flos extract
Authors: Tai Yanni , Qu Haibin , Gong Xingchu
Published: March 2021

Background
The optimization of process parameters in the pharmaceutical industry is often carried out according to the Quality by Design (QbD) concept. QbD also emphasizes that continuous improvement should be performed in life cycle management. Process parameters that are difficult to control in actual production could be regarded as noise parameters. In this study, a noise parameter was considered, an example of continuous improvement in the design space was provided.
Methods
The ethanol precipitation process of Carthami Flos (Honghua) extract was optimized based on the QbD concept. The critical process parameters (CPPs) were identified using a definitive screening design. Considering that the refrigeration temperature of industrial ethanol precipitation is often difficult to control with seasonal changes, the refrigeration temperature was treated as a noise parameter. The design space was then calculated using an exhaustive search-Monte Carlo method. The mathematical models were reestablished when more data were obtained and then the calculated probabilities of reaching the process standards were updated.
Results
The calculation procedure of design space based on an exhaustive search-Monte Carlo method was proposed. The density of the concentrated extract, ethanol concentration, the volume ratio of ethanol to concentrated extract, stirring time after ethanol addition, and refrigeration temperature were selected as CPPs. The mathematical models of CPPs and evaluation indicators were established, and the coefficient of determination of each model was greater than 0.81. The predictive performance of the models was good. After continuous improvement, the recalculated probability values were more reliable, the design space became larger.
Conclusions
The calculation of design space and the continuous improvement strategy considering a noise parameter was developed. In industrial production, it is also recommended to adopt this similar idea, that is, continuing to collect industrial data and regularly updating the mathematical models, which can further update the design space and make it more stable and reliable.
Analyzing Potato Market Participation, Market Surplus and Market Outlet Choice on Small Farm Household Level: the Case of Lemoworeda, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia.
Authors: Daniso Chaimiso Demisse , Sebeta Mebratu Alemu , Shapa Afework Berihanu , Abile Mesfin Melese
Published: March 2021

This study was aimed to analysis potato market participation, market surplus and market outlet choice in Lemo woreda of Hadiya zone southern Ethiopia. In this study, primary and secondary data source were employed. Data were obtained from a sample of 202 farm household. To take 202 sample farm household simple random sampling techniques were used. For data analysis, Heckman second stage and multivariate probit models were employed to identify factors that determine potato market participation decision and potato sale volume of the farm households, and potato farmer market outlet choice respectively. The Heckman's first stages (probit) indicates that education level, sex, membership in the cooperative, distance to the nearest market, remittent from family members, own transportation facilities, seed types, frequency of extension contact, lagged market price and amount of credit that farm household used for potato production determine potato market participation. Heckman the second stage (OLS) result shows that education level, cooperative membership, family size, total cropland, oxen owned, types of seed, and lagged market price were significantly determine potato marketed surplus. On the other side; the multivariate probit results showed that the probability of choosing wholesalers, retailers, collectors, and consumers market outlet choice significantly affected by age, educational level, sex, farm experiences, distance to near market, family size, remittance, land size, product supplied to the market, own transport facility and extension service. Based on the findings of the study, we recommend that the government and concerned stakeholders should focus on promoting improved potato seed, encouraging education, promoting farmers’ cooperatives, empowering females, strengthening rural-urban infrastructure, and protecting informal labor trading.
Comparative Analysis of Gut Microbiome between Captive and Wild Red Deer 1 (Cervus elaphus) in Inner Mongolia 
Authors: Sun Yue , Yu Yanze , Guo Jinhao , Zhong Linqiang , Zhang Minghai
Published: March 2021

The digestive tract of ruminants is the home of the gut microbiome ecosystem, which plays a huge role in the diagnosis of various health conditions and the analysis of physiological conditions in wild animals. Red deer is a second-class protected animal in China. In this study, we used microsatellite and high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene in fecal samples of red deer to investigate differences in the gut bacterial microbiota were analyzed between wild and captive in winter. Our results revealed that proportions of bacterial taxa, alpha-and beta-diversities, and relative abundances of amplicon sequence variants in the gut bacterial microbiota of the two groups differed. Firmicutes (79.46%), Bacteroidetes (16%) and Tenericutes (1.25%) were the most predominant phyla in wild red deer. While in captive red deer, Firmicutes (62.5%) was the dominant phylum, followed by Bacteroidetes (29.1%) and Tenericutes.( 3.21%). The specific function and mechanism of Tenericutes in red deer need further study. The wild red deer had higher fecal bacterial diversity than the captive in farm. These differences were attributed to the enrichment of bacterial taxa involved in the digestion of the supplementary food and to different natural diets consumed in the forest. Also the dominant and differential microflora of intestinal microflora in various populations were mined and their related metabolic pathways. In terms of functional data, most of the genes annotated are related to metabolism. The second most commented gene is related to genetic information processing. The comparative study of the intestinal flora of the two populations can not only assess the health status of the two populations, but also provide important suggestions for the breeding of captive red deer and the protection of wild populations.
Prevalence and Assessment of Potentially Inappropriate Medications among Lebanese Elderly inpatients
Authors: Hendaus Mohamed , Chirazi Alissar , Hassan Maya , Mourad Nisreen , Younes Samar , Moussa Mahmoud , Rahal Mohamad
Published: March 2021

Background: Potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) prescribing in older increases the risk of hospitalization, drug-related problems, and other adverse health outcomes by two to three folds (Lu WH, 2015) (WHO, 2018). Hence several regulations have been implemented in geriatric clinical practice to improve drug appropriateness. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of PIMs identified by the Beers 2019 criteria among Lebanese elderly inpatients, and to identify the factors that may influence such inappropriateness.Methods: This observational study was conducted among elderly patients of 3 hospitals in Lebanon. Data were collected from patients using a questionnaire based on the 2019 Beers criteria. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression were used to describe and identify the predictors of PIMs use. Statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS software version 22.0.Results: A total of 110 in-patients aging 65 years and older were analyzed. 80% of patients were taking drugs that are considered PIMs to be avoided; The most commonly prescribed PIM was proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (60%). PIMs use was significantly associated with polypharmacy and other comorbid conditions (p-value <0.05). The prevalence of PIMs to be used with caution was 78.2%, those having drug-disease interactions were 22.7% and those having clinically important drug-drug interactions were 15.5%.Conclusion: A high prevalence of PIMs use in Lebanese hospitalized patients was observed, and was significantly associated with polypharmacy and other CNS conditions. This study supports the need for the implementation of clinical guidelines and staff to improve drug prescribing in older adults. Trial registration: retrospectively registered.
Sialic acid-Dependent Binding and Viral Entry of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Nguyen Linh , McCord Kelli , Bui Duong , Bouwman Kim , Kitova Elena , Kumawat Dhanraj , Daskhan Gour , Tomris Ilhan , Han Ling , Chopra Pradeep , Yang Tzu-Jing , Willows Steven , Lowary Todd , West Lori , Hsu Shang-Te Danny , Tompkins Stephen , Boons Geert-Jan , Mason Andrew , de Vries Robert , Macauley Matthew , Klassen John
Published: March 2021

Emerging evidence suggests that host glycans influence infection by SARS-CoV-2. Here, we reveal that the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S)-protein on SARS-CoV-2 recognizes oligosaccharides containing sialic acid (SA), with preference for the oligosaccharide of monosialylated gangliosides. Gangliosides embedded within an artificial membrane also bind the RBD. The monomeric affinities (Kd = 100-200 μM) of gangliosides for the RBD are similar to heparan sulfate, another negatively charged glycan ligand of the RBD proposed as a viral co-receptor. RBD binding and infection of SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped lentivirus to ACE2-expressing cells is decreased upon depleting cell surface SA level using three approaches: sialyltransferase inhibition, genetic knock-out of SA biosynthesis, or neuraminidase treatment. These effects on RBD binding and pseudotyped viral entry are recapitulated with pharmacological or genetic disruption of glycolipid biosynthesis. Together, these results suggest that sialylated glycans, specifically glycolipids, facilitate viral entry of SARS-CoV-2.
Exploring leadership factors creating employee engagement or disengagement across job grade categories at a public higher education institution in South Africa
Authors: Bhana Anrusha , Suknunan Sachin
Published: March 2021

Ongoing difficulties in promoting employee commitment confront the domain of higher education, hence, the importance of staff to help achieve institutional goals grows. For this to happen, employee engagement is key. This paper examined the issues of engagement or disengagement amongst employees, including job grades and the factors influencing this, at Durban University of Technology, South Africa. It adopted a quantitative and qualitative method of inquiry. The quantitative data collection targeted 420 employees utilizing questionnaires and obtained a response rate of 312 (74%). The qualitative aspect involved interviewing 12 out of 18 leadership personnel, giving a response rate of 67%. Also, descriptive and inferential analysis was used. Internal employee engagement demonstrated a significant difference across job level categories, F (4, 307) = 4.012, p = 0.003. There is also a significant difference in agreement mean score, which is lower for lecturer grade level (M = 2.5257, SD = 1.08359) than middle manager grade level (M = 3.2909, SD = 0.82396), showing that lecturer grade level is more engaged as compared to the middle manager level reflecting that the this level is not as engaged as it should be. Obtained qualitative results showed that there was minimal employee engagement. Overall, there was more employee disengagement than engagement at the institution, leading to employee stress, increased employee turnover, and minimal employee productivity. This can, in turn, affect institutional productivity. However, leadership viewed employee engagement as important and something to be further developed.
EU NÃO VOU MORRER
Authors: Nascimento Letícia Carolina Pereira
Published: March 2021

O presente texto traz relatos registrados em diários e publicações em redes sociais as minhas experiências de uma travesti negra e gorda durante o processo de distanciamento social imposto pela pandemia de COVID-19 nos meses de março, abril, maio e junho de 2020. Tendo por objetivo: compreender como as dimensões da solidão, autocuidado e resistência perpassam as corporalidades e subjetividades travestigêneres e/ou negras e/ou gordas para além da pandemia de COVID-19. A cartografia é o rizoma metodológico escolhido para esse texto, pois, permite alinhavar experiências diversas na construção de um mapa afetivo apresentado nesse texto a partir de gatilhos. A partir dos gatilhos apresentados percebe-se que apesar do isolamento o contato com o mundo social por meio das mídias digitais traz notícias dolorosas, especialmente pelo fato das assimetrias socias impostas pelas estruturas cis/hetero/branco/magro/normativas produzem uma necropolítica de corporalidades dissidentes. Paradoxalmente, também será as redes sociais um modo de articular potências que criam vida durante a pandemia por meio da criação de redes de apoio entre travestis e/ou negras e/ou gordas. O autocuidado numa dimensão pessoal e coletivo é compreendida como uma ferramenta capaz de pensar as interseccionalidades a partir de diferenças fazendo emergir novas formas de organização social. De modo afirmativo das experiências de uma travesti negra e gorda, conclui-se com o decreto: eu não vou morrer.     

 Palavras-chave: Travesti negra e gorda. Pandemia. Solidão. Resistência.