bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atomic-scale understanding of the Na and Cl trapping on the Mo1.33C(OH)2-MXene
Authors: Guerrero-Sanchez J. , Muñoz-Pizza Dalia M. , Moreno-Armenta Ma Guadalupe , Takeuchi Noboru
Published: May 2022

Drinking water scarcity in arid and semi-arid regions is a reality that may turn into a global healthcare problem in the next few years. The scientific community is always looking for new materials to achieve effective sea and brackish water desalination to reduce water scarcity. Commonly, theoretical, and experimental methods make a synergy to better understand and explain the chemical and physical processes in water desalination electrodes. In this way, experimental evidence pointed Mo1.33CTx MXene as an efficient ion intercalation material, in which both Na+ and Cl− are removed. However, the atomic scale understanding of the physicochemical processes due to the Na and Cl interaction with the MXene is still unknown. We report the Na0 and Cl0 interaction with an OH functionalized Mo1.33C monolayer through a comprehensive first-principles density functional theory assessment. Results demonstrate that Na atoms attach to Oxygen, whereas Cl atoms bond through hydrogen bonds to the functional groups in the MXene, these bonds have two energy contributions: electrostatic and charge transfer, which increases its adsorption energy. Electrostatic potential isosurfaces, Bader charge analysis, and non-covalent interactions index help clarifying the way Na0 and Cl0 attach to the MXene layer. Oxygen atoms have an affinity for the electropositive Na0 atoms, which after interaction oxidizes to Na+, whereas hydrogen atoms—of the hydroxyl groups—interact with the electronegative Cl0 atoms, which upon adsorption reduce to Cl−. Our findings explain why OH-functionalized Mo1.33C can efficiently remove both Na and Cl atoms based on their affinities with the functional groups present in the MXene layer.
Morphological and ultrasonographic characterization of the three zones of supratesticular region of testicular artery in Assaf rams
Authors: Hassan Mohamed A. A. , Sayed Ramy K. A. , Abdelsabour-Khalaf Mohammed , Abd-Elhafez Enas A. , Anel-Lopez L. , Riesco M. F. , Ortega-Ferrusola C. , Montes-Garrido R. , Neila-Montero M. , Anel L. , Alvarez M.
Published: May 2022

To fully understand the histological, morphometrical and heamodynamic variations of different supratesticular artery regions, 20 mature and healthy Assaf rams were examined through ultrasound and morphological studies. The testicular artery images of the spermatic cord as shown by B-mode analysis indicated a tortuous pattern along its course toward the testis, although it tends to be less tortuous close to the inguinal ring. Doppler velocimetric values showed a progressive decline in flow velocity, in addition to pulsatility and vessel resistivity when entering the testis, where there were significant differences in the Doppler indices and velocities among the different regions. The peak systolic velocity, pulsatility index and resistive index were higher in the proximal supratesticular artery region, followed by middle and distal ones, while the end diastolic velocity was higher in the distal supratesticular region. The total arterial blood flow and total arterial blood flow rate reported a progressive and significant increase along the testicular cord until entering the testis. Histological examination revealed presence of vasa vasorum in the tunica adventitia, with their diameter is higher in the proximal supratesticular zone than middle and distal ones. Morphometrically, the thickness of the supratesticular artery wall showed a significant decline downward toward the testis; meanwhile, the outer arterial diameter and inner luminal diameter displayed a significant increase distally. The expression of alpha smooth muscle actin and vimentin was higher in the tunica media of the proximal supratesticular artery zone than in middle and distal ones.
Optically stimulated luminescence in state-of-the-art LYSO:Ce scintillators enables high spatial resolution 3D dose imaging
Authors: Jensen Mads L. , Nyemann Jacob S. , Muren Ludvig P. , Julsgaard Brian , Balling Peter , Turtos Rosana M.
Published: May 2022

In this contribution, we study the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) exhibited by commercial $$\hbox {Lu}_{(2-x)}\hbox {Y}_x\hbox {SiO}_5$$

Lu

(
2
-
x
)

Y
x

SiO
5

:Ce crystals. This photon emission mechanism, complementary to scintillation, can trap a fraction of radiation energy deposited in the material and provides sufficient signal to develop a novel post-irradiation 3D dose readout. We characterize the OSL emission through spectrally and temporally resolved measurements and monitor the dose linearity response over a broad range. The measurements show that the $$\hbox {Ce}^{3+}$$

Ce

3
+

centers responsible for scintillation also function as recombination centers for the OSL mechanism. The capture to OSL-active traps competes with scintillation originating from the direct non-radiative energy transfer to the luminescent centers. An OSL response on the order of 100 ph/MeV is estimated. We demonstrate the imaging capabilities provided by such an OSL photon yield using a proof-of-concept optical readout method. A 0.1 $$\hbox {mm}^3$$

mm
3

spatial resolution for doses as low as 0.5 Gy is projected using a cubic crystal to image volumetric dose profiles. While OSL degrades the intrinsic scintillating performance by reducing the number of scintillation photons emitted following the passage of ionizing radiation, it can encode highly resolved spatial information of the interaction point of the particle. This feature combines ionizing radiation spectroscopy and 3D reusable dose imaging in a single material.
Reduced neural investment in post-reproductive females of the bee Ceratina calcarta
Authors: Jaumann Sarah , Rehan Sandra M. , Schwartz Kayla , Smith Adam R.
Published: May 2022

Many insects show plasticity in the area of the brain called the mushroom bodies (MB) with foraging and social experience. MBs are paired neuropils associated with learning and memory. MB volume is typically greater in mature foragers relative to young and/or inexperienced individuals. Long-term studies show that extended experience may further increase MB volume, but long-term studies have only been performed on non-reproductive social insect workers. Here we use the subsocial bee Ceratina calcarata to test the effect of extended foraging experience on MB volume among reproductive females. Ceratina calcarata females forage to provision their immature offspring in the spring, and then again to provision their adult daughters in the late summer. We measured the volume of the MB calyces and peduncle, antennal lobes (AL), optic lobes (OL), central complex (CX), and whole brains of three groups of bees: newly emerged females, reproductive females in spring (foundresses), and post-reproductive mothers feeding their adult daughters in late summer. Post-reproductive late summer mothers had smaller MB calyces and ALs than foundresses. Moreover, among late mothers (but not other bees), wing wear, which is a measure of foraging experience, negatively correlated with both MB and OL volume. This is contrary to previously studied non-reproductive social insect workers in which foraging experience correlates postiviely with MB volume, and suggests that post-reproductive bees may reduce neural investment near the end of their lives.
Influence of circulatory shock at hospital admission on outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Düring Joachim , Annborn Martin , Dankiewicz Josef , Dupont Allison , Forsberg Sune , Friberg Hans , Kern Karl B. , May Teresa L. , McPherson John , Patel Nainesh , Seder David B. , Stammet Pascal , Sunde Kjetil , Søreide Eldar , Ullén Susann , Nielsen Niklas
Published: May 2022

Hypotension after cardiac arrest could aggravate prolonged hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. The association of circulatory shock at hospital admission with outcome after cardiac arrest has not been well studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the independent association of circulatory shock at hospital admission with neurologic outcome, and to evaluate whether cardiovascular comorbidities interact with circulatory shock. 4004 adult patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest enrolled in the International Cardiac Arrest Registry 2006–2017 were included in analysis. Circulatory shock was defined as a systolic blood pressure below 90 mmHg and/or medical or mechanical supportive measures to maintain adequate perfusion during hospital admission. Primary outcome was cerebral performance category (CPC) dichotomized as good, (CPC 1–2) versus poor (CPC 3–5) outcome at hospital discharge. 38% of included patients were in circulatory shock at hospital admission, 32% had good neurologic outcome at hospital discharge. The adjusted odds ratio for good neurologic outcome in patients without preexisting cardiovascular disease with circulatory shock at hospital admission was 0.60 [0.46–0.79]. No significant interaction was detected with preexisting comorbidities in the main analysis. We conclude that circulatory shock at hospital admission after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is independently associated with poor neurologic outcome.
Long-term clinical course and progression of lymphangioleiomyomatosis in a single lung transplant referral centre in Korea
Authors: Chang Shihwan , Choi Ji Soo , Leem Ah Young , Lee Su Hwan , Lee Sang Hoon , Kim Song Yee , Chung Kyung Soo , Jung Ji Ye , Kang Young Ae , Kim Young Sam , Lee Jin Gu , Paik Hyo Chae , Shim Hyo Sup , Lee Eun Hye , Park Moo Suk
Published: May 2022

We aimed to describe the clinical features of lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) in Korean patients and identify factors associated with progressive disease (PD). Clinical features of 54 patients with definite or probable LAM from 2005 to 2018 were retrospectively analysed. Common features were pneumothorax (66.7%) and abdominal lymphadenopathy (50.0%). Twenty-three (42.6%) patients were initially treated with mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors. Lung transplantation (LT) was performed in 13 (24.1%) patients. Grouped based on the annual decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) from baseline and LT, 36 (66.7%) patients exhibited stable disease (SD). All six deaths (11.1%) occurred in PD. Proportion of SD was higher in those treated initially with mTOR inhibitors than in those under observation (p = 0.043). Univariate analysis revealed sirolimus use, and baseline forced vital capacity, FEV1, and diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide are associated with PD. Multivariate analysis showed that only sirolimus use (odds ratio 0.141, 95% confidence interval 0.021–0.949, p = 0.044) reduced PD. Kaplan–Meier analysis estimates overall survival of 92.0% and 74.7% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. A considerable proportion of LAM patients remain clinically stable without treatment. LT is an increasingly viable option for patients with severe lung function decline.
Assessing the pathogenicity of gut bacteria associated with tobacco caterpillar Spodoptera litura (Fab.)
Authors: Devi Sarita , Saini Harvinder Singh , Kaur Sanehdeep
Published: May 2022

The symbiotic relationship between insects and gut microbes contributes to their fitness by serving immense range of functions viz. nutrition and digestion, detoxification, communication and reproduction etc. However, this relationship between insect and gut microbes varies from mutualistic to pathogenic. Gut microbes become pathogenic when the healthy normal microbial composition is perturbed leading to the death of insect host. Spodoptera litura (Fab.) is a polyphagous pest that causes significant damage to many agricultural crops. The management of this pest primarily depends upon chemical insecticides which have resulted in development of resistance. Thus in search for alternative strategies, culturable gut bacteria isolated from S. litura were screened for insecticidal potential. Among these Serratia marcescens and Enterococcus mundtii induced higher larval mortality in S. litura. The mortality rate increased from 32 to 58% due to S. marcescens at concentrations ranging from 2.6 × 108 to 5.2 × 109 cfu/ml and 26 to 52% in case of E. mundtii due to increase in concentration from 4.6 × 108 to 6.1 × 109 cfu/ml. Both the bacteria negatively affected the development, nutritional physiology and reproductive potential of insect. The results indicated a change in gut microbial composition as well as damage to the gut epithelial membrane. Invasion of gut bacteria into the haemocoel led to septicaemia and ultimately death of host insect. In conclusion both these gut bacteria may serve as potential biocontrol agents against S. litura.
Octahedral oxide glass network in ambient pressure neodymium titanate
Authors: Wilke Stephen K. , Alderman Oliver L. G. , Benmore Chris J. , Neuefeind Jörg , Weber Richard
Published: May 2022

Rare-earth titanates form very fragile liquids that can be made into glasses with useful optical properties. We investigate the atomic structure of 83TiO2-17Nd2O3 glass using pair distribution function (PDF) analysis of X-ray and neutron diffraction with double isotope substitutions for both Ti and Nd. Six total structure factors are analyzed (5 neutron + 1 X-ray) to obtain complementary sensitivities to O and Ti/Nd scattering, and an empirical potential structure refinement (EPSR) provides a structural model consistent with the experimental measurements. Glass density is estimated as 4.72(13) g cm−3, consistent with direct measurements. The EPSR model indicates nearest neighbor interactions for Ti-O at $$\overline{r}_{TiO}$$

r
¯

TiO

 = 1.984(11) Å with coordination of $$n_{TiO}$$

n

TiO

 = 5.72(6) and for Nd-O at $$\overline{r}_{NdO}$$

r
¯

NdO

 = 2.598(22) Å with coordination of $$n_{NdO}$$

n

NdO

 = 7.70(26), in reasonable agreement with neutron first order difference functions for Ti and Nd. The titanate glass network comprises a mixture of distorted Ti-O5 and Ti-O6 polyhedra connected via 71% corner-sharing and 23% edge-sharing. The O-Ti coordination environments include 15% nonbridging O-Ti1, 51% bridging O-Ti2, and 32% tricluster O-Ti3. This structure is highly unusual for oxide glasses melt-quenched at ambient pressure, as it consists of Ti-Ox predominantly in octahedral (with nearly no tetrahedral) coordination.
Surgical resection could provide better outcomes for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and tumor rupture
Authors: Lee Chun-Yang , Chau Gar-Yang , Wei Cheng-Yi , Chao Yee , Huang Yi-Hsiang , Huo Teh-Ia , Hou Ming-Chih , Su Yu-Hui , Wu Jaw-Ching , Su Chien-Wei
Published: May 2022

We investigated the outcomes of patients with ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and identified the optimal treatment modality for such patients. We retrospectively enrolled 91 patients with treatment-naive HCC and tumor rupture at diagnosis, including 38 patients who underwent surgical resection (SR) alone, 28 patients who were treated with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) only, 20 patients who had a sequential combination therapy of TACE and SR, and 5 patients who received best supportive care. After a median follow-up of 13.1 months, 54 patients died. The cumulative 5 years overall survival (OS) rates were 55.1% and 0% in the SR group and non-SR group, respectively (p < 0.001). Non-SR therapy was associated with poorer OS according to a multivariate analysis with a hazard ratio of 6.649 (95% confidence interval 3.581–12.344, p < 0.001). Moreover, whether patients received TACE or not did not impact the OS in both the SR group and the non-SR group. In conclusion, for patients with HCC and tumor rupture at the time of diagnosis, SR could lead to better prognoses than non-surgery treatment modalities. Moreover, a sequential combination of TACE and SR had similar clinical outcomes when compared to SR alone.
Potential association with malnutrition and allocation of combination medical therapies in hospitalized heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Kawakubo Yumiko , Shiraishi Yasuyuki , Kohsaka Shun , Kohno Takashi , Goda Ayumi , Nagatomo Yuji , Nishihata Yosuke , Saji Mike , Takei Makoto , Ikegami Yukinori , Niimi Nozomi , Sandhu Alexander Tarlochan Singh , Nakano Shintaro , Yoshikawa Tsutomu , Fukuda Keiichi ,   West Tokyo Heart Failure Registry, Shiraishi Yasuyuki , Kohsaka Shun , Kohno Takashi , Goda Ayumi , Nagatomo Yuji , Nishihata Yosuke , Saji Mike , Takei Makoto , Ikegami Yukinori , Nakano Shintaro , Yoshikawa Tsutomu
Published: May 2022

Malnutrition is common in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and may influence the long-term prognosis and allocation of combination medical therapy. We reviewed 1231 consecutive patient-level records from a multicenter Japanese registry of hospitalized HFrEF patients. Nutritional status was assessed using geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI). Combination medical therapy were categorized based on the use of beta-blockers, renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. The composite outcome of all-cause death and HF rehospitalization was assessed. The mean age was 72.0 ± 14.2 years and 42.6% patients were malnourished (GNRI < 92). At discharge, 43.6% and 33.4% of patients were receiving two and three agents, respectively. Malnourished patients had lower rates of combination medical therapy use. The standardized GNRI score was independently associated with the occurrence of adverse events (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.79–0.98). Regardless of the GNRI score, referenced to patients receiving single agent, risk of adverse events were lower with those receiving three (HR: 0.70, 95% CI 0.55–0.91) or two agents (HR: 0.70, 95% CI 0.56–0.89). Malnutrition assessed by GNRI score predicts long-term adverse outcomes among hospitalized HFrEF patients. However, its prognosis may be modified with combination medical therapy.
Short and long-term effect of dexamethasone on the transcriptome profile of primary human trabecular meshwork cells in vitro
Authors: Kathirvel Kandasamy , Lester Karen , Haribalaganesh Ravinarayanan , Krishnadas Ramasamy , Muthukkaruppan Veerappan , Lane Brian , Simpson David A. , Goljanek-Whysall Kasia , Sheridan Carl , Bharanidharan Devarajan , Willoughby Colin E. , Senthilkumari Srinivasan
Published: May 2022

In the quest of identifying newer molecular targets for the management of glucocorticoid-induced ocular hypertension (GC-OHT) and glaucoma (GCG), several microarray studies have attempted to investigate the genome-wide transcriptome profiling of primary human trabecular meshwork (TM) cells in response to dexamethasone (DEX). However, no studies are reported so far to demonstrate the temporal changes in the expression of genes in the cultured human TM cells in response to DEX treatment. Therefore, in the present study, the time-dependent changes in the genome-wide expression of genes in primary human TM cells after short (16 hours: 16 h) and long exposure (7 days: 7 d) of DEX was investigated using RNA sequencing. There were 199 (118 up-regulated; 81 down-regulated) and 525 (119 up-regulated; 406 down-regulated) DEGs in 16 h and 7 d treatment groups respectively. The unique genes identified in 16 h and 7 d treatment groups were 152 and 478 respectively. This study found a distinct gene signature and pathways between two treatment regimes. Longer exposure of DEX treatment showed a dys-regulation of Wnt and Rap1 signaling and so highlighted potential therapeutic targets for pharmacological management of GC-OHT/glaucoma.
In vitro cytotoxicity and osteogenic potential of quaternary Mg-2Zn-1Ca/X-Mn alloys for craniofacial reconstruction
Authors: Prasadh Somasundaram , Gupta Manoj , Wong Raymond
Published: May 2022

Cytotoxicity of any biomedical material needs to be investigated for successful application within the human tissues. In this study, manganese in low amounts of 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 (wt.%) was added to Mg2Zn1Ca alloy using Disintegrated Melt Deposition (DMD) followed by hot extrusion and the extruded alloys were tested for in vitro cytocompatibility using cell viability assays (CCK-8, LDH enzyme release assay, cell cytoskeleton and cell morphology) and in vitro osteogenic potential was evaluated using ALP, Alizarin Red and RT-PCR assays. Addition of manganese improved the cell viability and osteogenic potential in variable concentrations. The Mg2Zn1Ca /0.3 Mn and Mg2Zn1Ca /0.5 Mn alloys showed increased cell viability percentage compared to Mg2Zn1Ca alloys. The cytotoxicity percentage at the end of 24 h culture for Mg2Zn1Ca /0.3 Mn alloys showed lesser cytotoxicity percentage (~ 8%) when compared to the Mg2Zn1Ca /0.5 Mn (~ 13%) and Mg2Zn1Ca /0.7 Mn (~ 16%) samples. All the alloys showed good initial cell attachment, osteogenic potential and cell spreading. The results of this study validates great potential of Mg2Zn1Ca alloys with manganese addition and exhibited great potential for to be used as temporary implant materials in craniofacial reconstruction.
Population-based study for the comorbidities and associated factors in Ménière’s disease
Authors: Kim Min Hee
Published: May 2022

To date, no study has reported the objective metabolic laboratory findings worldwide or the comorbidities for Ménière’s disease (MD) using a population-based design in Asian populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the comorbidities and associated factors for MD using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. This retrospective population-based study was conducted using a data from the National Sample Cohort database from 2009 to 2015. We only enrolled patients whose records showed a prescription for MD medicine and audiometry findings as well as an appropriate diagnostic code. We also included a matched cohort without MD who were enrolled randomly and matched for sex, age, year of diagnosis, income level, and residential area with the MD group with a ratio of 10:1. We evaluated comorbidities including autoimmune, allergic, metabolic diseases and cancer and the health screening data including general characteristics (height, weight, waist circumference, body mass index, and blood pressure), laboratory findings (fasting glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoproteintryglyceride (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoproteintryglyceride cholesterol, hemoglobin, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyltrans- peptidase (rGT)), and general health behaviors (smoking, alcohol, and exercise) of the MD group, and compared these characteristics with those of the MD-free control group. A total of 2,013 and 20,130 participants were included in the MD and MD-free control groups (1,640 and 15,458 for health screening data). We found the increase in incidence of allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma, decrease in systolic blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, and rGT, and less frequent alcohol consumption and less prevalent smoking in the MD group. No significant differences were observed between the groups in the incidence of autoimmune diseases, and cerebro- and cardiovascular disease as well as health screening data and objective laboratory findings. Inconsistence with published studies, the results of this study suggest that the autoimmunity and metabolic disorder, and skeletal growth might not be associated with the onset of MD. Another well-designed study for other races will be needed to the generalization of this study results.
The first experience with fully endoscopic posterior cervical foraminotomy and discectomy for radiculopathy performed in Viet Duc University Hospital
Authors: Dinh Son Ngoc , Dinh Hung The
Published: May 2022

The aim of the article is to present the first experience of applying a full-endoscopic posterior cervical foraminotomy and discectomy performed at Viet Duc University Hospital in Hanoi and describe the outcomes of such surgical intervention. This surgical series includes 20 patients underwent surgery through full-endoscopic posterior cervical foraminotomy and discectomy. The definitive diagnosis of the patients and the evidence for surgical treatment was radiculopathy due to lateral or intraforaminal disk herniation, foraminal stenosis, and lateral recess stenosis. Patients with discogenic cervical radiculopathy but with a contraindication to endoscopic posterior cervical foraminotomy and discectomy were not subject to surgical intervention. All patients underwent a CT and MRT examination of the cervical spine before and after surgery as complementary diagnostic methods. Besides radiological diagnostic methods, electroneuromyography and spondylography were performed with functional samples, i.e., with head tilts in the front and back, to eliminate segmental instability. The timing and degree of the root pain syndrome regression were assessed using a VAS scale (visual and analog scale) with a subsequent comparison of preoperative and postoperative performance. Immediately after the operation, all patients noted a complete or nearly complete regression of the pain syndrome.
Prediction of future healthcare expenses of patients from chest radiographs using deep learning: a pilot study
Authors: Sohn Jae Ho , Chen Yixin , Lituiev Dmytro , Yang Jaewon , Ordovas Karen , Hadley Dexter , Vu Thienkhai H. , Franc Benjamin L. , Seo Youngho
Published: May 2022

Our objective was to develop deep learning models with chest radiograph data to predict healthcare costs and classify top-50% spenders. 21,872 frontal chest radiographs were retrospectively collected from 19,524 patients with at least 1-year spending data. Among the patients, 11,003 patients had 3 years of cost data, and 1678 patients had 5 years of cost data. Model performances were measured with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) for classification of top-50% spenders and Spearman ρ for prediction of healthcare cost. The best model predicting 1-year (N = 21,872) expenditure achieved ROC-AUC of 0.806 [95% CI 0.793–0.819] for top-50% spender classification and ρ of 0.561 [0.536–0.586] for regression. Similarly, for predicting 3-year (N = 12,395) expenditure, ROC-AUC of 0.771 [0.750–0.794] and ρ of 0.524 [0.489–0.559]; for predicting 5-year (N = 1779) expenditure ROC-AUC of 0.729 [0.667–0.729] and ρ of 0.424 [0.324–0.529]. Our deep learning model demonstrated the feasibility of predicting health care expenditure as well as classifying top 50% healthcare spenders at 1, 3, and 5 year(s), implying the feasibility of combining deep learning with information-rich imaging data to uncover hidden associations that may allude to physicians. Such a model can be a starting point of making an accurate budget in reimbursement models in healthcare industries.
Mean-field nature of synchronization stability in networks with multiple interaction layers
Authors: del Genio Charo I. , Faci-Lázaro Sergio , Gómez-Gardeñes Jesús , Boccaletti Stefano
Published: May 2022

The interactions between the components of many real-world systems are best modelled by networks with multiple layers. Different theories have been proposed to explain how multilayered connections affect the linear stability of synchronization in dynamical systems. However, the resulting equations are computationally expensive, and therefore difficult, if not impossible, to solve for large systems. To bridge this gap, we develop a mean-field theory of synchronization for networks with multiple interaction layers. By assuming quasi-identical layers, we obtain accurate assessments of synchronization stability that are comparable with the exact results. In fact, the accuracy of our theory remains high even for networks with very dissimilar layers, thus posing a general question about the mean-field nature of synchronization stability in multilayer networks. Moreover, the computational complexity of our approach is only quadratic in the number of nodes, thereby allowing the study of systems whose investigation was thus far precluded.
Anisotropic suppression of hyperuniformity of elastic systems in media with planar disorder
Authors: Puig Joaquín , Elías Federico , Aragón Sánchez Jazmín , Cortés Maldonado Raúl , Rumi Gonzalo , Nieva Gladys , Pedrazzini Pablo , Kolton Alejandro B. , Fasano Yanina
Published: May 2022

Disordered hyperuniform materials with vanishing long-wavelength density fluctuations are attracting attention due to their unique physical properties. In these systems, the large-scale density fluctuations are strongly suppressed as in a perfect crystal, even though the system can be disordered like a liquid. Yet, hyperuniformity can be affected by the different types of quenched disorder unavoidably present in the host medium where constituents are nucleated. Here, we use vortex matter in superconductors as a model elastic system to study how planar correlated disorder impacts the otherwise hyperuniform structure nucleated in samples with weak point disorder. Planes of defects suppress hyperuniformity in an anisotropic fashion: while in the transverse direction to defects the long-wavelength density fluctuations are non-vanishing, in the longitudinal direction they are smaller and the system can eventually recover hyperuniformity for sufficiently thick samples. Our findings stress the need of considering the nature of disorder and thickness-dependent dimensional crossovers in the search for novel hyperuniform materials.
BioAdhere: tailor-made bioadhesives for epiretinal visual prostheses
Authors: Hintzen Kai-Wolfgang , Simons Christian , Schaffrath Kim , Roessler Gernot , Johnen Sandra , Jakob Felix , Walter Peter , Schwaneberg Ulrich , Lohmann Tibor
Published: May 2022

The BioAdhere study: biocompatible, tailor-made bioadhesive peptides (peptesives) fixating macroscopic objects on the retinal surface.
Preparation and properties of benzocyclobutene based low-k linear polysiloxane
Authors: Peng Qiuxia , Hu Huan , Deng Yueting , Long Quan , Ma Jiajun , Yang Junxiao
Published: May 2022

Linear BCB-containing polysiloxane with low k, low CTE, high T5 and high transparency was synthesized through Heck reaction and hydrolysis condensation reaction.
Mir-22-incorporated polyelectrolyte coating prevents intima hyperplasia after balloon-induced vascular injury
Authors: Fu Jia-yin , Lai Yu-xian , Zheng Si-si , Wang Jing , Wang You-xiang , Ren Ke-feng , Yu Lu , Fu Guo-sheng , Ji Jian
Published: May 2022

PEI/PAA/miR-22 coated balloons successfully inhibited intima hyperplasia after balloon-induced vascular injury in a rat model.
Mercury in air and soil on an urban-rural transect in East Africa
Authors: Nipen Maja , Jørgensen Susanne Jøntvedt , Bohlin-Nizzetto Pernilla , Borgå Katrine , Breivik Knut , Mmochi Aviti John , Mwakalapa Eliezer Brown , Quant M. Isabel , Schlabach Martin , Vogt Rolf David , Wania Frank
Published: May 2022

Spatially resolved atmospheric gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) concentrations from an urban area in the Southern Hemisphere are reported for the first time.
Recovery of anaerobic ammonium oxidation via hydrazine following sulfate inhibition
Authors: Zhou Shiqi , Chen Zhi , Wang Jin , Yue Zhengbo
Published: May 2022

The presence of sulfate in sewage treatment has obvious impacts on biological nitrogen removal.
Developing a rational approach to designing recombinant proteins for peptide-directed nanoparticle synthesis
Authors: Polasa Adithya , Mosleh Imann , Losey James , Abbaspourrad Alireza , Beitle Robert , Moradi Mahmoud
Published: May 2022

Computational binding affinity estimations predict that protein-fused peptides mediate nanoparticle formation in a more controlled fashin as compared to free peptides, an observation that is also validated experimentally.
CoS2@montmorillonite as an efficient separator coating for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Wu Lian , Zhao Yifang , Dai Yongqiang , Gao Shuxi , Liao Bing , Pang Hao
Published: May 2022

The CoS2-intercalated/coated-montmorillonite separator coating layer can efficiently suppress the shuttle effect in Li–S batteriesviaan effective absorption–catalysis synergistic effect.
Asymmetric living supramolecular polymerization of an achiral aza-BODIPY dye by solvent-mediated chirality induction and memory
Authors: Ding Jiahui , Pan Hongfei , Wang Houchen , Ren Xiang-Kui , Chen Zhijian
Published: May 2022

Chiral aggregates of achiral aza-BODIPY 1 was obtained in a nearly achiral medium, i.e. a limonene/MCH mixed solvent with a chiral limonene ratio <1% (v/v), by living supramolecular polymerization exploiting the chirality memory of dye 1 aggregates.
A selective hybrid fluorescent sensor for fructose detection based on a phenylboronic acid and BODIPY-based hydrophobicity probe
Authors: Kashiwazaki Gengo , Watanabe Ryo , Nishikawa Akihiro , Kawamura Koyori , Kitayama Takashi , Hibi Takao
Published: May 2022

We have designed and synthesized a novel fluorescent probe for fructose detection through hydrophobic interactions by combining a phenylboronic acid group and a BODIPY-based hydrophobicity probe with a detection limit of 32 μM.
Enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution over covalent organic frameworks through an assembled NiS cocatalyst
Authors: Zhang Hualei , Lin Zheng , Guo Jia
Published: May 2022

We constructed a novel hybrid photocatalyst by assembling NiS through a milder method. Under visible light irradiation, controlled NiS/TpBD-COF composites can readily optimize photocatalytic performances without a noble cocatalyst.
Impact of processing conditions on the film formation of lead-free halide double perovskite Cs2AgBiBr6
Authors: Abdelsamie Maged , Cruse Kevin , Tamura Nobumichi , Ceder Gerbrand , Sutter-Fella Carolin M.
Published: May 2022

Text-mining inspired study on halide double perovskite formation using in situ structural and optical probes.
Tunable multi-doped carbon nanofiber air cathodes based on a poly(ionic liquid) for sodium oxygen batteries with diglyme/ionic liquid-based hybrid electrolytes
Authors: Li Han , Ha The An , Ortiz-Vitoriano Nagore , Wang Xungai , Fang Jian , Howlett Patrick C. , Pozo-Gonzalo Cristina
Published: May 2022

Multi-doped carbon nanofibers are used as self-standing air cathodes in Na–O2 batteries. The synergetic effect of multiple heteroatoms greatly enhances oxygen reduction, and diglyme-based hybrid electrolytes remarkably improve cycling performance.
In situ reconstruction enhanced dual-site catalysis towards nitrate electroreduction to ammonia
Authors: Cai Jiahao , Qin Shuaibo , Akram Muhammad Awais , Hou Xiangdie , Jin Peng , Wang Feng , Zhu Botao , Li Xiaohong , Feng Lai
Published: May 2022

We utilize an in situ strategy to develop a highly efficient and durable electrocatalyst Ru&Cu/Cu2O towards nitrate reduction to ammonia (e-NRA) in alkaline media. The good e-NRA performance is attributed to the synergy of Cu/Ru dual sites.
Reactive oxygen species on transition metal-based catalysts for sustainable environmental applications
Authors: Wen Yonglin , Yan Jiawei , Yang Bixia , Zhuang Zanyong , Yu Yan
Published: May 2022

We highlight the defect engineering of transition metal catalysts to tailor reactive oxygen species in advanced oxidation processes in a controlled manner for sustainable environmental applications.
Conversion of layered materials to ultrathin amorphous nanosheets induced by ball-milling insertion and pure-water exfoliation
Authors: Deng Chao , Gao Yuxuan , Yao Yingbang , Liang Bo , Lu Shengguo , Tao Tao
Published: May 2022

A simple and universal two-step strategy, “ball-milling insertion and pure-water exfoliation”, to efficiently produce high quality ultrathin amorphous 2D nanosheets.
Correlating the morphological changes to electrochemical performance during carbon corrosion in polymer electrolyte fuel cells
Authors: Saha Prantik , Khedekar Kaustubh , Wang Hanson , Atanassov Plamen , Cheng Lei , Stewart Sarah , Johnston Christina , Zenyuk Iryna V.
Published: May 2022

Carbon corrosion in catalyst layer of PEFCs showed two phases: in first 500 AST cycles carbon corroded rapidly and catalyst layer thickness was lost, after that corrosion slowed down but a pore structure collapsed, increasing O2 transport resistance.
Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations Between Quality of Parent–Child Interaction and Language Ability in Preschool-Age Children With Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: Jokihaka Suvi , Laasonen Marja , Lahti-Nuuttila Pekka , Smolander Sini , Kunnari Sari , Arkkila Eva , Pesonen Anu-Katriina , Heinonen Kati
Published: May 2022

Purpose:

This study explores whether the quality of parent–child interaction is associated with language abilities cross-sectionally and longitudinally up to preschool-age among children with developmental language disorder (DLD).

Method:

Participants were 97 monolingual children with DLD and their parents from the Helsinki Longitudinal SLI study, HelSLI (baseline, age in years;months,
M
= 4;3,
SD
= 0;10), of which 71 pairs were followed longitudinally (age in years;months,
M
= 6;6,
SD
= 0;5). Video recordings from three play sessions were scored for child, parent, and dyadic behavior using Erickson's sensitivity scale protocol and mutually responsive orientation at baseline. Children's expressive and receptive language and language reasoning ability were assessed at baseline, and expressive and receptive language were assessed at follow-up.

Results:

At baseline, engaged child behavior, parent's supportive guidance, and fluent and attuned dyadic behavior were associated with better receptive language ability, and engaged child behavior and dyadic synchrony were positively associated with language reasoning ability in 3- to 6-year-olds. The child's positive engagement and fluent and attuned dyadic behavior at baseline were associated with better expressive and receptive language abilities at follow-up in 6- to 7-year-olds, respectively.

Conclusions:

Fluent and attuned dyadic behavior is associated with better receptive language ability in preschool-age children. Parent behavior alone was not associated with language ability. A connected and mutually attuned parent–child relationship could be a protective factor for language development for children with DLD.
Development and deployment of a digital twin for monitoring of an adaptive clamping mechanism, used for high performance composite machining
Authors: Weckx Sam , Meyers Bart , Jordens Jeroen , Robyns Steven , Baake Jonathan , Lietaert Pieter , De Geest Roeland , Maes Davy
Published: May 2022

In this work, we present a cloud‐based digital twin for monitoring of a clamping technology for machining of composite parts. Supporting large and/or freeform composite parts is crucial to avoid bending during drilling. Bending of the part will lead to delamination and frayed edges of the drilled holes. The new active clamping technology allows to realise a stabilised fixture, localised in the area where the drilling occurs, to avoid bending. This significantly improves the quality of the drilled holes. The clamping device is equipped with an IoT edge device, with a bidirectional communication to the cloud. The cloud‐based digital twin analyses the quality of the drilled holes based on computer vision, monitors the drill wear and detects incorrect operation of the active clamping device. All data is stored in the cloud. By means of a knowledge graph, which acquires and integrates information into an ontology and provides a central information access, it will be easier for a data scientist to query this data and to gain new insights in the operation of the drill with active clamping device. The full deployment occurs on the Microsoft Azure cloud platform. This transforms the standard machine into an Industry 4.0 compliant machine.
Trans*? – Hinweise zur Psychotherapie bei Transsexualität
Authors: Senf Wolfgang
Published: May 2022

Anfragen um eine begleitende Psychotherapie bei Transsexualität nehmen zu, nicht nur wegen der „Verordnung“ von Psychotherapie als Voraussetzung für die Transition. Dieser Beitrag möchte dazu ermutigen, Psychotherapie bei Transsexualität anzubieten – trotz aller Verunsicherungen durch die Besonderheiten oder dem aktuellen kritischen Diskurs um Geschlecht und Geschlechtsidentität, da die psychischen und psychosozialen Belastungen hoch sind.
Weibliche Sexualität im Alter: Probleme und Behandlungsperspektiven
Authors: Ecker Diana
Published: May 2022

Zunehmend thematisieren 60- bis 70-jährige postmenopausale Frauen in Psychotherapien sexuelle Probleme oder begeben sich gezielt in eine Sexualtherapie. Der vorliegende Artikel fokussiert altersbedingte Einflüsse auf das sexuelle Erleben heterosexueller und in einer Partnerschaft lebender Frauen, deren Kenntnis und Verständnis für eine Behandlung wesentlich sind, und beschreibt hierauf aufbauende therapeutische Perspektiven. 1
Let´s surf about Sex – Hilfreiche Links zu Sexualität
Authors: Schultheis Daniela
Published: May 2022

Sexualität betrifft uns alle – und doch scheint die Hemmschwelle, über das vermeintlich Normalste der Welt zu sprechen, weiterhin hoch. Es ist daher nicht verwunderlich, dass das Angebot im Internet zu Sexualität schier unendlich ist. Hier können sich Interessierte anonym und niederschwellig informieren. Nur was ist seriös und wirklich hilfreich? Der Beitrag gibt Orientierungshilfe für qualitative Internetseiten rund um das Thema Sexualität.
Prognosefaktoren bei älteren Dialysepatienten beachten
Authors: Völker Linus Alexander , Brinkkötter Paul Thomas
Published: May 2022

Der Anteil betagter und hochbetagter Patienten mit terminaler Niereninsuffizienz hat aufgrund der demografischen Entwicklung und der besseren medizinischen Versorgung deutlich zugenommen. Ob jedoch die Einleitung der Dialyse mit einem Überlebensvorteil und/oder einer Verbesserung der Lebensqualität einhergehen, ist umstritten. Dies betrifft insbes. multimorbide und gebrechliche („frail”) Patienten. Zur optimalen Patienten- und Angehörigenberatung gehören deshalb Kenntnisse zu prognostisch relevanten Faktoren, um im Sinne einer partizipativen Entscheidungsfindung („shared decision making“) das Vorgehen festzulegen – sowohl im Hinblick auf die Dialysebehandlung als auch auf die Formen des konservativen Krankheitsmanagements. Die aktuell verfügbaren Prognosefaktoren entstammen zumeist retrospektiven Registerstudien und sind somit einer ausgeprägten Verzerrung („bias“) ausgesetzt. Neben dem erforderlichen nephrologischen Fachwissen ist eine altersmedizinische Expertise hilfreich, um eine optimale Versorgung der Patienten zu gewährleisten.
Ataxien – Eine aktuelle Übersicht über die
weiter wachsende Anzahl möglicher Diagnosen
Authors: Thieme Andreas , Timmann Dagmar
Published: May 2022

Die meisten Ataxien gehören zu den seltenen Erkrankungen und viele sind genetisch
bedingt. Eine große und unverändert zunehmende Anzahl der zugrunde liegenden
Gendefekte ist bekannt. Der Weg zur richtigen Diagnose stellt häufig eine Herausforderung
dar. In dieser Übersicht werden die typischen Befunde für die wichtigsten
erworbenen, erblichen und nicht erblichen degenerativen Ataxien zusammengefasst.
Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf Ataxien mit Beginn im Erwachsenenalter.
Echter Dialog statt Feedbackschlacht – Mitarbeitendengespräche
Authors: Holtmeier Lisa
Published: May 2022

Ein bestens geeignetes „Werkzeug“ für ein gutes Miteinander in der Praxis, für eine hohe Motivation aller Mitarbeitenden und das gemeinsame Erreichen von Zielen sind regelmäßige Mitarbeitendengespräche. Hier erfahren Sie, welche Fehler Sie dabei vermeiden sollten und was nötig ist, um die Gespräche für alle Beteiligten optimal zu gestalten.
Phototherapeutische Keratektomie bei Salzmannʼscher nodulärer Degeneration. Welche Auswirkung hat die Wahl des Excimerlasers auf den Erfolg der
Behandlung?
Authors: Mahler Susanne Barbara Claudia , Adams Christian , Daas Loay , Langenbucher Achim , Seitz Berthold
Published: May 2022

Fragestellung Ziel dieser Studie war es, den Unterschied im Behandlungserfolg nach phototherapeutischer Keratektomie (PTK) bei Salzmannʼscher nodulärer Degeneration (SND) mittels
zweier Excimerlaser mit unterschiedlichen Spezifikationen zu untersuchen.

Patienten und Methoden Im Zeitraum von 2007 bis 2017 wurden 272 PTKs, die an 246 Augen mit SND von 181 Patienten durchgeführt wurden, retrospektiv untersucht. Bis 2014 wurde für die
PTK nach manueller Pannektomie der Excimerlaser MEL70 (Carl Zeiss Meditec Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH, Oberkochen, Deutschland) verwendet, danach der Amaris 750S (Schwind eye-tech-solutions
GmbH, Kleinostheim, Deutschland). Der Therapieerfolg wurde anhand folgender Parameter beurteilt: Visus, Refraktion und Astigmatismus sowie die Pachymetrie und die Endothelzellmessung zu den
Zeitpunkten T1 = präoperativ, T2 = 6-Wochen-Kontrolle, T3 = 6-Monats-Kontrolle. Zum Vergleich der Daten wurden der Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney-U-Test und der Chi-Quadrat-Test mit einem
Signifikanzniveau von 5% genutzt.

Ergebnisse Nach 6 Monaten stieg der Visus nur in der Schwind-Gruppe signifikant um 0,17 ± 0,33 (logMAR p < 0,013). In der Zeiss-Gruppe stieg der Visus nur um 0,11 ± 0,36 (logMAR
p < 0,057). Auch für die Refraktion konnte nach 6 Monaten nur für die Schwind-Gruppe eine signifikante Änderung um 3,35 ± 2,76 dpt sphärisches Äquivalent (SEQ) (p < 0,001) gezeigt
werden. In der Zeiss-Gruppe veränderte sich das SEQ nicht signifikant (p < 0,676). Der topografische Astigmatismus verbesserte sich nach 6 Monaten in beiden Studiengruppen signifikant um
1,73 ± 1,99 dpt in der Schwind-Gruppe (p < 0,001) und um 1,99 ± 2,21 dpt in der Zeiss-Gruppe (p < 0,0001). Haze musste in der Schwind-Gruppe in 12,7% der Fälle behandelt werden und in
der Zeiss-Gruppe in 16,2% der Fälle. Eine Endothelzellschädigung zeigte sich in keiner der beiden Gruppen.

Schlussfolgerung In beiden Studiengruppen profitierten die Patienten von einer PTK bei SND. Für die Schwind-Gruppe konnte jedoch eine signifikant größere Verbesserung von Visus und
Refraktion festgestellt werden als für die Zeiss-Gruppe. Im Gegensatz zum üblichen hyperopisierenden Effekt der PTK bei anderen Diagnosen zeigte sich bei SND ein sog. „myopic shift“, der
sich aus den oft mittelperipher liegenden SND-Knoten und dem damit verbundenen asymmetrischen Tränenfilmpooling präoperativ erklären lässt.
Klimabewusst im Praxisalltag – Handbuch Grüne Praxen
Authors: Polzer Astrid
Published: May 2022

Der Gesundheitssektor ist für 5,2 % des gesamten CO2 Ausstoßes in Deutschland verantwortlich und erzeugt mehr Emissionen als der gesamte deutsche Flug- und Schiffsverkehr. Um den Klimawandel aufzuhalten, muss auch das Gesundheitssystem umdenken und nachhaltig mit Ressourcen umgehen. Das Handbuch Grüne Praxen gibt jede Menge Tipps, wie ambulante Physiotherapiepraxen einen Teil zum Klimaschutz und damit auch zum Schutz unser aller Gesundheit beitragen können.
Mit Worten helfen – Flyer zur Kommunikation bei akutem Bandscheibenvorfall
Authors: Möllers Luisa , Richter Michael
Published: May 2022

Wörter haben die Fähigkeit zu heilen, aber auch zu schaden [1]. „Durch Ihren Bandscheibenvorfall wird ein Nerv eingeklemmt“, wird im therapeutischen Kontext immer wieder geäußert. Aber wissen wir, was diese Aussage mit unseren Patient*innen macht? Setzen wir nicht allzu oft den Fokus im Rahmen der Therapie auf das Schmerzempfinden und dreht sich somit nicht alles stets um den Schmerz?