bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nutrition Therapy in Critically Ill Patients Following Cardiac Surgery: Defining and Improving Practice
Authors: Rahman Adam , Agarwala Ravi , Martin Claudio , Nagpal Dave , Teitelbaum Michael , Heyland Daren K.
Published: August 2016

Background: Malnutrition is a predictor of poor outcome following cardiac surgery. We define nutrition therapy after cardiac surgery to identify opportunities for improvement. Methods: International prospective studies in 2007–2009, 2011, and 2013 were combined. Sites provided institutional and patient characteristics from intensive care unit (ICU) admission to ICU discharge for a maximum of 12 days. Patients had valvular, coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, or combined procedures and were mechanically ventilated and staying in the ICU for ≥3 days. Results: There were 787 patients from 144 ICUs. In total, 120 patients (15.2%) had valvular surgery, 145 patients (18.4%) had CABG, and 522 patients (66.3%) underwent a combined procedure. Overall, 60.1% of patients received artificial nutrition support. For these patients, 78% received enteral nutrition (EN) alone, 17% received a combination of EN and parenteral nutrition (PN), and 5% received PN alone. The remaining 314 patients (40%) received no nutrition. The mean (SD) time from ICU admission to EN initiation was 2.3 (1.8) days. The adequacy of calories was 32.4% ± 31.9% from EN and PN and 25.5% ± 27.9% for patients receiving only EN. In EN patients, 57% received promotility agents and 20% received small bowel feeding. There was no significant relationship between increased energy or protein provision and 60‐day mortality. Conclusion: Postoperative cardiac surgery patients who stay in the ICU for 3 or more days are at high risk for inadequate nutrition therapy. Further studies are required to determine if targeted nutrition therapy may alter clinical outcomes.
A systematic review of high quality randomized controlled trials investigating motor skill programmes for children with developmental coordination disorder
Authors: Preston Nick , Magallón Sara , Hill Liam JB , Andrews Elizabeth , Ahern Sara M , Mon-Williams Mark
Published: August 2016

Objective:

To identify effective motor training interventions for children with developmental coordination disorder from research graded as high quality (using objective criteria) for the purpose of informing evidence-based clinical practice.

Data sources:

We followed the guidance for conducting systematic reviews issued by the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination. Six OvidSP electronic databases (AMED, All EBM reviews (including Cochrane), Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, PsychARTICLES Full Text, PsycINFO) were searched systematically. We aimed to retain only randomized control trials and systematic reviews of randomized control trials, defined as the highest level of evidence by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. We searched reference lists of retained articles to identify further appropriate articles.

Review methods:

Two reviewers critically appraised and categorized articles by effect size (including confidence intervals), inclusion of power calculations and quality using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Only studies scoring seven or more on the PEDro scale (classed by the PEDro as high reliability) were retained.

Results:

No systematic reviews met our criteria for inclusion from 846 articles yielded by the systematic search. Nine randomized control trials investigating 15 interventions to improve motor skills met our inclusion criteria for ‘high quality’. Nevertheless, not all included studies were adequately powered for determining an effect.

Conclusion:

Large effect sizes associated with 95 % confidence intervals suggest that ‘Neuromotor Task Training’, ‘Task-oriented Motor Training’ and ‘Motor Imagery + Task Practice Training’ are the most effective reported interventions for improving motor skills in children with developmental coordination disorder.
Distinct pattern of lesion distribution in multiple sclerosis is associated with different circulating T-helper and helper-like innate lymphoid cell subsets
Authors: Gross Catharina C , Schulte-Mecklenbeck Andreas , Hanning Uta , Posevitz-Fejfár Anita , Korsukewitz Catharina , Schwab Nicholas , Meuth Sven G , Wiendl Heinz , Klotz Luisa
Published: August 2016

Background:

Distinct lesion topography in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) might be due to different antigen presentation and/or trafficking routes of immune cells into the central nervous system (CNS).

Objective:

To investigate whether distinct lesion patterns in multiple sclerosis (MS) might be associated with a predominance of distinct circulating T-helper cell subset as well as their innate counterparts.

Methods:

Flow cytometric analysis of lymphocytes derived from the peripheral blood of patients with exclusively cerebral (n = 20) or predominantly spinal (n = 12) disease manifestation.

Results:

Patients with exclusively cerebral or preferential spinal lesion manifestation were associated with increased proportions of circulating granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) producing TH1 cells or interleukin (IL)-17-producing TH17 cells, respectively. In contrast, proportions of peripheral IL-17/IL-22-producing lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi), the innate counterpart of TH17 cells, were enhanced in RRMS patients with exclusively cerebral lesion topography.

Conclusions:

Distinct T-helper and T-helper-like innate lymphoid cell (ILC) subsets are associated with different lesion topography in RRMS.
Entropy-based divergent and convergent modular pattern reveals additive and synergistic anticerebral ischemia mechanisms
Authors: Yu Yanan , Zhang Xiaoxu , Li Bing , Zhang Yingying , Liu Jun , Li Haixia , Chen Yinying , Wang Pengqian , Kang Ruixia , Wu Hongli , Wang Zhong
Published: August 2016

Module-based network analysis of diverse pharmacological mechanisms is critical to systematically understand combination therapies and disease outcomes. We first constructed drug-target ischemic networks in baicalin, jasminoidin, ursodeoxycholic acid, and their combinations baicalin and jasminoidin as well as jasminoidin and ursodeoxycholic acid groups and identified modules using the entropy-based clustering algorithm. The modules 11, 7, 4, 8 and 3 were identified as baicalin, jasminoidin, ursodeoxycholic acid, baicalin and jasminoidin and jasminoidin and ursodeoxycholic acid-emerged responsive modules, while 12, 8, 15, 17 and 9 were identified as disappeared responsive modules based on variation of topological similarity, respectively. No overlapping differential biological processes were enriched between baicalin and jasminoidin and jasminoidin and ursodeoxycholic acid pure emerged responsive modules, but two were enriched by their co-disappeared responsive modules including nucleotide-excision repair and epithelial structure maintenance. We found an additive effect of baicalin and jasminoidin in a divergent pattern and a synergistic effect of jasminoidin and ursodeoxycholic acid in a convergent pattern on “central hit strategy” of regulating inflammation against cerebral ischemia. The proposed module-based approach may provide us a holistic view to understand multiple pharmacological mechanisms associated with differential phenotypes from the standpoint of modular pharmacology.
Gene, Environment and Methylation (GEM): a tool suite to efficiently navigate large scale epigenome wide association studies and integrate genotype and interaction between genotype and environment
Authors: Pan Hong , Holbrook Joanna D. , Karnani Neerja , Kwoh Chee Keong
Published: August 2016

Background

The interplay among genetic, environment and epigenetic variation is not fully understood. Advances in high-throughput genotyping methods, high-density DNA methylation detection and well-characterized sample collections, enable epigenetic association studies at the genomic and population levels (EWAS). The field has extended to interrogate the interaction of environmental and genetic (GxE) influences on epigenetic variation. Also, the detection of methylation quantitative trait loci (methQTLs) and their association with health status has enhanced our knowledge of epigenetic mechanisms in disease trajectory. However analysis of this type of data brings computational challenges and there are few practical solutions to enable large scale studies in standard computational environments.

Results

GEM is a highly efficient R tool suite for performing epigenome wide association studies (EWAS). GEM provides three major functions named GEM_Emodel, GEM_Gmodel and GEM_GxEmodel to study the interplay of Gene, Environment and Methylation (GEM). Within GEM, the pre-existing “Matrix eQTL” package is utilized and extended to study methylation quantitative trait loci (methQTL) and the interaction of genotype and environment (GxE) to determine DNA methylation variation, using matrix based iterative correlation and memory-efficient data analysis. Benchmarking presented here on a publicly available dataset, demonstrated that GEM can facilitate reliable genome-wide methQTL and GxE analysis on a standard laptop computer within minutes.

Conclusions

The GEM package facilitates efficient EWAS study in large cohorts. It is written in R code and can be freely downloaded from Bioconductor at https://www.bioconductor.org/packages/GEM/.
INC-Seq: accurate single molecule reads using nanopore sequencing
Authors: Li Chenhao , Chng Kern Rei , Boey Esther Jia Hui , Ng Amanda Hui Qi , Wilm Andreas , Nagarajan Niranjan
Published: August 2016

Background

Nanopore sequencing provides a rapid, cheap and portable real-time sequencing platform with the potential to revolutionize genomics. However, several applications are limited by relatively high single-read error rates (>10 %), including RNA-seq, haplotype sequencing and 16S sequencing.

Results

We developed the Intramolecular-ligated Nanopore Consensus Sequencing (INC-Seq) as a strategy for obtaining long and accurate nanopore reads, starting with low input DNA. Applying INC-Seq for 16S rRNA-based bacterial profiling generated full-length amplicon sequences with a median accuracy >97 %.

Conclusions

INC-Seq reads enabled accurate species-level classification, identification of species at 0.1 % abundance and robust quantification of relative abundances, providing a cheap and effective approach for pathogen detection and microbiome profiling on the MinION system.
Effect of molecular weight of hyaluronic acid (HA) on viscoelasticity and particle texturing feel of HA dermal biphasic fillers
Authors: Chun Cheolbyong , Lee Deuk Yong , Kim Jin-Tae , Kwon Mi-Kyung , Kim Young-Zu , Kim Seok-Soon
Published: August 2016

Background

Hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal biphasic fillers are synthesized for their efficacy in correcting aesthetic defects such as wrinkles, scars and facial contouring defects. The fillers consist of crosslinked HA microspheres suspended in a noncrosslinked HA. To extend the duration of HAs within the dermis and obtain the particle texturing feel, HAs are crosslinked to obtain the suitable mechanical properties.

Results

Hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal biphasic fillers are prepared by mixing the crosslinked HA microspheres and the noncrosslinked HAs. The elastic modulus of the fillers increased with raising the volume fraction of the microspheres. The mechanical properties and the particle texturing feel of the fillers made from crosslinked HA (1058 kDa) microspheres suspended in noncrosslinked HA (1368 kDa) are successfully achieved, which are adequate for the fillers.

Conclusions

Dermal biphasic HA fillers made from 1058 kDa exhibit suitable elastic moduli (211 to 420 Pa) and particle texturing feel (scale 7 ~ 9).
SEG News
Authors: Brown Steve
Published: August 2016

In early July, The Leading Edge launched an online manuscript submission, review, and tracking system utilizing the ScholarOne Manuscripts platform. It is anticipated that the use of this new system will result in more efficient review of manuscripts submitted to The Leading Edge.
Pixels and their neighbors: Finite volume
Authors: Cockett Rowan , Heagy Lindsey J. , Oldenburg Douglas W.
Published: August 2016

We take you on the journey from continuous equations to their discrete matrix representations using the finite-volume method for the direct current (DC) resistivity problem. These techniques are widely applicable across geophysical simulation types and have their parallels in finite element and finite difference. We show derivations visually, as you would on a whiteboard, and have provided an accompanying notebook at http://github.com/seg to explore the numerical results using SimPEG ( Cockett et al., 2015 ).
Full Spectrum
Authors: Shaughnessy Anna , Sprunt Eve , Capello Maria Angela , House Nancy
Published: August 2016

Reaching an organization's highest levels — ascending to the “C-suite” as it is often termed — is the goal of leaders in both the academic and corporate world. To reach the highest ranks of an organization is not only difficult, but is also a journey hampered by many obstacles. It is not sufficient to be technically proficient and have people skills. It is also imperative to be politically savvy, possess tremendous resilience, and have superior networking capabilities.
From reads to genes to pathways: differential expression analysis of RNA-Seq experiments using Rsubread and the edgeR quasi-likelihood pipeline
Authors: Chen Yunshun , Lun Aaron T. L. , Smyth Gordon K.
Published: August 2016

In recent years, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) has become a very widely used technology for profiling gene expression. One of the most common aims of RNA-seq profiling is to identify genes or molecular pathways that are differentially expressed (DE) between two or more biological conditions. This article demonstrates a computational workflow for the detection of DE genes and pathways from RNA-seq data by providing a complete analysis of an RNA-seq experiment profiling epithelial cell subsets in the mouse mammary gland. The workflow uses R software packages from the open-source Bioconductor project and covers all steps of the analysis pipeline, including alignment of read sequences, data exploration, differential expression analysis, visualization and pathway analysis. Read alignment and count quantification is conducted using the Rsubread package and the statistical analyses are performed using the edgeR package. The differential expression analysis uses the quasi-likelihood functionality of edgeR.
Modeling of milled straw heap separation in air-flow classificator with three pneumatic ducts
Authors: Yermolyev Yury I. , Doroshenko Artem A. , Belov Sergey V.
Published: August 2016

The research subject is a multivariate analysis of the air-flow classification process of the straw heap with a predetermined fractional composition supplied to the cleaning after the drum destroyer. The work objective is to identify patterns of the air separation using three pneumatic ducts with a linkage parameter variation. The investigative technique is an analytical modeling. The effect of probabilistic characteristics of the heterogenic thrashed heap supply, airflow velocity distribution by the separator width, and density function of heap components terminal velocity on the separation is evaluated. The air-flow classification process on each section of the pneumatic duct is considered. To this end, the mathematical expressions averaging the air classification indicators of the consistently functioning three pneumatic ducts and a stochastic quasistatic mathematical model of the separator operation with three pneumatic ducts in series are used. The results of the separator parametric synthesis and its technological parameters are presented. The fractional constituents of the heap components and their percent-sizes in each air-classified fraction are shown. The possibility of the air-flow classification of the crushed straw heap in the predetermined factions at the preset productivity of 0.6-0.7 kg/m∙s is revealed. It is found that under the rational functioning of the air separator, the straw content in the service faction is 97.03%. In this case, the minimum grain content is 0.03%, and mineral impurities are 0%. It is revealed that the air separator with three pneumatic ducts in series is sufficient for separating the crushed straw heap with the predetermined agro-technical requirements.
Social Problems of Regulation of Field Allowances in the Far North
Authors: Попова  , Popova O. , Неустроева  , Neustroeva A.
Published: August 2016

The article deals with the problem of rationing of compensation payments for field and expeditionary works. The concepts of field allowances and field work

are defined. Legal regulations of field allowances rationing for enterprises of different ownership forms are analyzed. Allowances and compensations for field

work and work in shifts are compared. The reasons for abolition of field work compensation limits for tax purposes while retaining those for work in shifts are

discussed. Impact of field allowances regulations on social security of employees, working in field or involved in work of expeditionary nature, as well as on

revenues of municipal budgets are substantiated. Examples of field allowances regulations adopted in the Russian Federation for organizations of different

industrial branches financed from the state budget are given. Necessity of rationing of field allowances standards on scientific basis is proved. Scientific methods

of field allowances rationing that can be used in the calculation of payment standards are presented.
Problem of Youth Involvement in Innovations
Authors: Осокина  , Osokina K.
Published: August 2016

The article deals with the problem of youth involvement and interest in innovation in terms of the need to develop innovative potential for improving the efficiency of any of the economic units. To identify the causes of the problems the study was conducted among the students of the Baikal State University in the form of a questionnaire, which aims — to identify the level of interest of students in innovation, the key factors of motivation, as well as their degree of awareness in the field of youth innovation programs. Results of the study were analyzed, conclusions and proposed to solve the identified problems.
Practical Approaches to the Assessment of Conformity Professional Knowledge and Skills of the Construction Company’s Top Manager to Requirements Positions Held
Authors: Ловчева  , Lovcheva M. , Лебедев  , Lebedev A. , Ермаченков  , Ermachenkov F.
Published: August 2016

This article presents the review of modern labor market in the construction industry, shows the trend of changes in the remuneration level of the construction

companies management, depending on certain factors. Based on additional analysis the author has developed a practical approach to the assessment

of professional knowledge and skills conformity of the construction company management. According this approach the employee of the group of companies

“Tekhnostroy” was certified to the position of Chief engineer. The work also determined that all modern enterprises of the construction sector have no methodology

for employee’s certification.
Evolving Open Solutions (1)
Authors: Bilder Geoffrey , Ghebre Adyam , Kenneway Melinda , Kiley Robert , Kirk Elizabeth , Murphy Paul , Nicholson Joshua , Potter Peter , Salter Matthew , Sander Frank
Published: August 2016

Are the scholarly publishing tools we’re using today still the right ones? Is the monograph still the best format in the humanities? Is the journal article still best in STM? These products can be difficult to produce and edit, nearly impenetrable to read, and—as in the case of clinical research information—they aren’t necessarily the best-suited formats for capturing every piece of necessary information (like protocols and datasets in medical research) and showing how this information is all connected to other scholarship. What other formats and options are being considered or used? What are the prospects of change? How about the stakeholder universe itself? How are roles, responsibilities and expectations changing (and where might they end up)? Are we “settling” on half-measures or on the best possible solutions?
Peer Review
Authors: Acreman Bev , Berkery Peter , Black Caroline , Bourg Chis , Brasington Clark Becky , Cochran Angela , Davies Kevin , Dresbeck Rachel , MacCallum Catriona , Peters Paul , Schnabel Bobby , Valdés Ugalde Francisco
Published: August 2016

Managing the peer review process is one of the major attractions and benefits of the current publisher-driven publishing environment. Would it be possible to maintain peer review in different system—perhaps one where peer review happens at the institutional level, or in an online-review environment? How? What is really needed from peer review, what are the reform options (and what do we already know about the options that have been tried)?
What is Publishing? (1)
Authors: Brand Amy , Butcher James , Buzzi Meg , Fitzpatrick Kathleen , Gabriel Ann , Mulligan Rikk , Siegel Vivian , Spitzer Matt , Vernon Jamie
Published: August 2016

What do we mean by publishing in today’s world? What should be the goals of scholarly publishing? What are the ideals to which scholarly publishing should aspire? What roles might scholarly publishers have in the future? What scenarios exist where publishers continue to play a vital role but information moves more freely? What impact might these reforms have on the health of publishers? Scholarly societies? Science research? Why?
Participation in the Current System
Authors: Davenport Nancy , DeFelice Barbara , Evoniuk Gary , Frantz Pollyanne , Hannaford Julie , Mackie-Mason Jeff , McAuliffe Jane , Pesanelli Jennifer , Royster Paul , Taylor Crispin , Wolfe Michael
Published: August 2016

Do researchers and scientists participate in the current system of scholarly publishing because they like it, they need it, they don’t have a choice in the matter, or they don’t really care one way or another? What perceptions, considerations and incentives do academicians have for staying the course (like impact factors and tenure points), and what are their pressures and incentives for changing direction (like lowering publishing charges)?
What Is Open?
Authors: Anderson Rick , Denbo Seth , Graves Diane , Haigh Susan , Hill Steven , Kalfatovic Martin , Kaufman Roy , Murray-Rust Catherine , Shearer Kathleen , Wilder Dick , Wise Alice
Published: August 2016

There is a broad difference of opinion among the many stakeholders in scholarly publishing about how to precisely define open access publishing. Are “open access” and “open data” what we mean by open? Does “open” mean anything else? Does it mean “to make available,” or “to make freely available in a particular format?” Is a clearer definition needed (or maybe just better education on the current definition)? Why or why not? At present, some stakeholders see public access as being an acceptable stopping point in the move toward open access. Others see “open” as requiring free and immediate access with articles being available in CC-BY format. The range of opinions between these extremes is vast. How should these differences be decided? Who should decide? Is it possible to make binding recommendations (and how)? Is consensus necessary? What are the consequences of the lack of consensus?
Report from the Participation in the Current System Workgroup
Authors: Davenport Nancy , DeFelice Barbara , Evoniuk Gary , Frantz Pollyanne , Hannaford Julie , Mackie-Mason Jeff , McAuliffe Jane , Pesanelli Jennifer , Royster Paul , Taylor Crispin , Wolfe Michael
Published: August 2016

Do researchers and scientists participate in the current system of scholarly publishing because they like it, they need it, they don’t have a choice in the matter, or they don’t really care one way or another? What perceptions, considerations and incentives do academicians have for staying the course (like impact factors and tenure points), and what are their pressures and incentives for changing direction (like lowering publishing charges)?
A fidelity mechanism in DNA polymerase lambda promotes error‐free bypass of 8‐oxo‐dG
Authors: Burak Matthew J , Guja Kip E , Hambardjieva Elena , Derkunt Burak , Garcia‐Diaz Miguel
Published: August 2016

8‐oxo‐7,8‐dihydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine (8‐oxo‐dG) has high mutagenic potential as it is prone to mispair with deoxyadenine (dA). In order to maintain genomic integrity, post‐replicative 8‐oxo‐dG:dA mispairs are removed through DNA polymerase lambda (Pol λ)‐dependent MUTYH‐initiated base excision repair (BER). Here, we describe seven novel crystal structures and kinetic data that fully characterize 8‐oxo‐dG bypass by Pol λ. We demonstrate that Pol λ has a flexible active site that can tolerate 8‐oxo‐dG in either the anti‐ or syn‐conformation. Importantly, we show that discrimination against the pro‐mutagenic syn‐conformation occurs at the extension step and identify the residue responsible for this selectivity. This residue acts as a kinetic switch, shunting repair toward long‐patch BER upon correct dCMP incorporation, thus enhancing repair efficiency. Moreover, this switch also provides a potential mechanism to increase repair fidelity of MUTYH‐initiated BER.
Kalėjimų ir kitų pataisos įstaigų perpildymas – Lenkijos bausmių vykdymo politikos problema
Authors: Nawój A Ldona
Published: August 2016

Straipsnyje nurodoma, kad pagal dabar galiojančių teisės aktų nuostatas Lenkijoje vienam kaliniui ar laikinai sulaikytam ar suimtam asmeniui yra skiria­mi trys kvadratiniai metrai ploto patalpos, kurioje asmuo yra laikomas – Lenkija yra viena iš Europos valstybių, kuriose šis plotas yra mažiausias; nuo 2000 m. šis skaičius nuolat mažėja ir dėl nuolatinio kalėjimų ir kitų pataisos įstaigų populiacijos didėji­mo. Pateikiami kalėjimų ir kitų pataisos įstaigų per­pildymo tendenciją rodantys statistikos duomenys. Pabrėžiama, kad kalėjimų ir kitų pataisos įstaigų perpildymas pažeidžia Europos žmogaus teisių ir pa­grindinių laisvių apsaugos konvencijos 3 straipsnį; nėra tinkamai vykdoma asmenų, atliekančių bausmę tokiomis sąlygomis, resocializacija, kalinimo sąly­gos lemia negatyvios kalėjimo subkultūros didėjimą ir mažina pozityvių kalinių interakcijų galimybes, pažeidžia žmogaus teises ir sukelia didesnę infekci­nių ligų grėsmę, be to, didina įtampą ir fizinės jėgos vartojimo tarp kalinių bei tarp kalinių ir juos prižiū­rinčio personalo atvejų.Straipsnyje kritikuojama Lenkijos viešoji pozi­cija dėl pasirinktų problemos sprendimo būdų ne­veiksmingumo ir didelių išlaidų (kalėjimų ir kitų pataisos įstaigų perpildymo problemai spręsti siūlo­ma gausinti šių institucijų skaičių, apriboti lygtinio atleidimo nuo laisvės atėmimo bausmės pirma lai­ko taikymo galimybes). Autorė nurodo, kad padėtį Lenkijos penitencinėse institucijose apsunkina ir tai, kad šiuo metu apie 55,419 nuteistųjų realiai neatlie­ka laisvės atėmimo bausmės, nors ji yra jiems pa­skirta – šie asmenys sukuria potencialų kalėjimų ir kitų pataisos įstaigų populiacijos padidėjimą. Auto­rė nurodo, kad kalinimo sąlygų gerinimas, įkalinimo alternatyvų paieška, racionalios Lenkijos baudžia­mosios politikos formavimas būtų tinkamas būdas spręsti kalėjimų ir kitų pataisos įstaigų perpildymo problemą. In dem polnischen Strafvollzugssystem haben Verurteilter und der vorübergehend Inhaftierter ein An­recht auf eine minimale Normwohnzellegröße die 3m² beträgt und somit gehört Polen zu den Staaten, wo die Normgröße am niedrigsten in Europa ist.Zur punikativer Charakter des polnischen Strafsystems hat verursacht Überbelegung in den Strafvoll­zugsanstalten. Die wachsende Überbelegung führte zur drastischer Senkung der Wohnzellfläche zufal­lender auf einen Insassen in den polnischen Strafvollzugsanstalten. Es ist bekannt, dass Überbelegung viele negative Erscheinungen hervorruft. Trotzt den Lösungsversuchen der Regierung, Probleme der Überbelegung in den polnischen Strafvollzugsanstalten zu begegnen, benötigt wird hauptsächlich eine Änderung der Kriminalpolitik des Staates.
Vaiko išnaudojimas pornografijai ir prostitucijai – nusikalstamų veikų vaikui ir šeimai sudedamoji dalis
Authors: Žėkas T Autvydas
Published: August 2016

Straipsnyje kalbama apie nusikaltimų ir baudžiamųjų nusižengimų vaikui ir šeimai paplitimą bei apibū­dinimą, siekiama apžvelgti pagrindinius vaiko išnaudojimo pornografijai ir prostitucijai aspektus. Dau­giausiai dėmesio skiriama statistikos duomenų ir atliktų tyrimų, parodančių nusikalstamų veikų vaikui ir šeimai paplitimą, analizei, apžvelgiami kai kurie minėtų nusikalstamų veikų kokybiniai požymiai. Sie­kiant nustatyti vaiko išnaudojimo pornografijai ir prostitucijai paplitimo mastą, straipsnyje pateikiami pagrindiniai minėtų nusikalstamų veikų rodikliai, palyginti juos su kitais nusikaltimais ir baudžiamai­siais nusižengimais vaikui ir šeimai. Statistical data shows that crimes and criminal offences against child and family are not much prolife­rated comparing them with other crimes. Especially rarely exploitation of child for the pornography and prostitution are registered. However, various surveys and other sources of information show the explicit growing tendency of these crimes. This means that crimes and criminal offences against child and family are very latent ones. For this reason there are no courts practice concerning mentioned crimes.
Kai kurios baudžiamosios atsakomybės už nusikaltimus vaikų seksualinio apsisprendimo laisvei ir neliečiamumui reglamentavimo problemos
Authors: Abramavičius A rmanas rmanas , Švedas G intaras intaras
Published: August 2016

Straipsnyje analizuojami kai kurie probleminiai baudžiamosios atsakomybės už nusikaltimus vaikų sek­sualinio apsisprendimo laisvei ir neliečiamumui reglamentavimo aspektai.
The article analyzes certain problematical aspects of the reglamentation of the criminal responsibility for the crimes against sexual freedom and inviolability of juveniles.
Podcasting of Practical Summative Assessment Feedback: An Evaluation of Practice
Authors: Westwater-Wood Sarah , Moore Catherine
Published: August 2016

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Introduction: feedback is a current higher education and National Student Survey hot topic. Student ratings of experience are powerful tools in university rankings. Use of podcasts has increased in education with the majority of work considering written assignment feedback. Few investigations have addressed feedback podcast for summative practical assessments. Methods: in an educational development project three modes of feedback (face-to-face, individual and group podcasts) were compared. Evaluation considered accessibility, student utilisation and perceptions of different feedback modes via a bespoke questionnaire. Staff time in production/delivery of feedback modes was evaluated. Results: response rate was high (83% N51). Students rated individual feedback higher than group modes in all aspects. Individual podcast was rated higher for informing future performance. However, face-to-face was the most preferred. More students (96%) accessed the individual podcast. Staff found a benefit of time for podcasts feedback. Discussion: findings for podcast feedback utilisation for future performance are in agreement with other literature on written assessments. Although podcasts proved an efficient method of ensuring everyone received feedback staff were unaware of the context, setting or emotional state in which the individual student received the content. Staff in our study found podcasting more time efficient.
LA MULTIPLICATION DES PERSPECTIVES AU PROFIT DE L’EXPRESSIVITÉ: UNE ÉTUDE DU ROMAN LES SIGNES PARMI NOUS DE C.F. RAMUZ
Authors: BARKATAKI Siba
Published: August 2016

RÉSUMÉ. Nous analyserons l’incertitude des voix et la création idiosyncratique des subjectivités provisoires dans le discours narratif chez Ramuz. L’analyse portera sur les diverses modalités liées au décentrement du discours narratif : la désorganisation des temps verbaux, l’emploi du pronom « on », du discours indirect libre ainsi que l’intertexte biblique. Nous étudierons également la notion de perception chez Ramuz. La simultanéité des perceptions contribuant au problème de détermination de la voix narrative met en relief l’exotopie de l’auteur par rapport aux personnages, ce qui relève du besoin inhérent de donner aux personnages leur propres voix. La multiplication des points de vue crée une collectivité de perspectives. Cette collectivité devient la conscience globale du texte qui s’achève avec l’interprétation du lecteur. Le rôle fondamental du lecteur se trouve ainsi souligné.

 

Mots-clés: conscience, intertextualité, perceptions, pluralité, voix.

ABSTRACT. We will analyze the uncertainty of the voices and the idiosyncratic creation of provisonal subjectivities in the narrative discourse of Ramuz. The analysis will deal with the different modalities linked with the decentralisation of the narrative discourse : disorganisation of verb tenses, the use of the pronoun « on », free indirect speech as well as biblical intertext. We will also study the notion of perception in Ramuz’s work. The simultaneous nature of the  perceptions contributes to the problem of determination of the narrative voices that highlights the exotopy of the author vis-a-vis the characters, which indicates the inherent need of giving the characters their individual voices. The multiplication of the points of view creates a collectivity of perspectives. This collectivity becomes the global conscience of the text that is achieved with the interpretation of the reader. The fundamental role of the reader thus needs to be highlighted.

 

Keywords: conscience, intertextuality, perceptions, plurality, voices.
FRONT MATTER
Authors: Editor IJAL
Published: August 2016

Front Cover, Editorial Board and Reviewer Members, and Contents
REMEDIATION OF TEXTILE DYES MIXTURES USING TIO2/VIS PHOTOCATALYSIS AND FENTON FE2+/H2O2
Authors: Andrade P. M. , Carvalho M. A. F. , Miranda A. S. , Marques H. R. , Campos S. R. , Brito N. N. Brito
Published: August 2016

This study aimed to use the following treatment technology: TiO2 photocatalysis and Fenton reaction for the remediation of mixture of textile dyes. For the photocatalytic treatment it was obtained a reduction in color of 80% and Chemical Oxygen Demand of 60% using for this 600 mg L-1 of TiO2, 1500 mL min-1 recirculation flow, temperature 40 oC/45 oC and pH = 6.3 for 60 minutes of treatment. By Fenton reaction it was reached color reduction at 95% and Chemical Oxygen Demand reduction at 75% employing 60 mg L-1 H2O2, 50 mg L-1 de Fe2+ and pH = 4.0 for 62 minutes of treatment.
Propagación de Dalbergia congestiflora (Fabaceae) por estaca: efecto de la concentración de AIB y la posición de la estaca
Authors: Hernández-García Alajandra , Salgado-Garciglia Rafael , Ambriz-Parra Enrique
Published: August 2016

Introducción: Dalbergia congestiflora Pittier (campincerán) se utiliza para elaborar instrumentos musicales en Michoacán (México), por lo que esta especie se considera sobre explotada y en riesgo de extinción. Los estudios sobre su propagación son escasos, pero los factores que podrían afectar la propagación por estaca de esta especie son la concentración de auxina exógena y el tejido de la estaca. La hipótesis fue que la brotación y el enraizamiento se presentan a concentraciones entre 1 y 10 ppm de ácido indolbutírico (AIB) solo en las estacas basales.Método: Las estacas de D. congestiflora fueron colectadas en el municipio de Carácuaro, Michoacán. Las estacas apicales, medias y basales fueron colocadas en una solución enraizadora de 1, 5 y 10 ppm de AIB preparada a partir de tres fuentes de auxina . Las variables evaluadas fueron el porcentaje de brotación, el número y longitud de los brotes por estaca después de 15, 45 y 75 días, mientras que el porcentaje de enraizado fue evaluado después de 150 días de cultivo.Resultados: La brotación de estacas de D. congestiflora se presentó en todos los tratamientos. El número y la longitud  de brotes fueron mayores en las estacas basales en relación a las estacas apicales y medias. Después de 150 días de cultivo, las estacas formaron raíces solo en las estacas basales con 10 ppm de AIB.Conclusión: La brotación en estacas de D. congestiflora se logra a concentraciones bajas de AIB y es independiente del tejido de la estaca, mientras que el enraizamiento se presentó solo a a 10 ppm de AIB.
Numerical Investigation of Instability of Complex Spatial Structures
Authors: Sun Wenbo , Zhou Weixing
Published: August 2016

Consistent Imperfection Mode Method (CIMM) is a widely-used and effective numerical method to study the buckling capacity of spatial structure. CIMM used an “artificial” deformation instead of “artificial” load eccentricity to imitate the initial disturbance/imperfection for calculation of buckling load, and the basic mode obtained from linear buckling analysis could be used to simulate the distribution of imperfection. But in linear buckling analysis of certain complex spatial structures, the basic and first few modes usually reflect the local buckling of certain slim elements, and stability of complex structure depends on none of these local modes. Based on mode energy discrimination criterion, the improved CIMM is introduced. Improved CIMM includes following steps. 1) Normalization of all buckling modes. 2) Summarization of each mode of strain energy. 3) Discrimination of global modes with peak strain energy. 4) Based on first few global modes, CIMM could be used to calculate buckling loads respectively. 5) Choose the smallest buckling load as the buckling capacity of structure.
A Three-Dimensional Project Portfolio Management Framework for Construction Companies
Authors: Wu Yunna , Zhang Haobo , Xu Hu
Published: August 2016

Many construction companies struggle with multi-project optimization and change despite adhering to normative project portfolio management instructions and best practices. One explanation is that managers lack extensive multi-project management experience from which to apply related theory to practical outcomes. This paper proposes a three-dimensional segmentation framework to guide companies with no prior project portfolio management experience in establishing a project portfolio management system and applying it to their situation. The framework decomposes an expansive and disorganized multi-projects group into a set of simple activities from three different dimensions (project type, project phase, and the management layer) to facilitate the introduction of project portfolio management theory and principles. Then, a case study illustrates the application and utility of the proposed framework. Although this framework was initially developed for a Chinese electric power construction company, it can also be applied to other construction companies in similar circumstances worldwide.
The Impacts of Sustainable Residential Interior Space on Inhabitant’s Emotions
Authors: Banaei Maryam , Yazdanfar Abbas , Hatami Javad , Ahmadi Ali
Published: August 2016

Focusing on inhabitant’s climate comfort causes the neglect of personal and aesthetic factors that have effects on emotions and psychological comfort. Blindly adhering to sustainable design principles regardless of the basic architectural design parameters cause similar interior spaces in today’s housing of Iran. Interior space form is one the main design factors that has some effects on inhabitant’s emotions. It is a correlation research to study inhabitant’s emotions towards sustainable interior space by focusing on interior form. It illustrates that form can consider as an influential factor in creating and improving sustainable conditions according to inhabitant’s emotions.
Innovative Implementation of Private Finance Initiative (PFI) Procurement: Challenges and Key Issues in Pre-Construction Stage
Authors: Khaderi Shamsida Saidan , Abd Shukor Ani Saifuza
Published: August 2016

Private Finance Initiative (PFI) has been successfully implemented across the globe, however regarding the implementation process; the PFI arrangements are not similar from country to country. Based on the circumstances, this paper investigates the key issues and challenges of PFI implementation in a pre-construction stage in Malaysia compare to other countries. This paper will present the results from a semi-structured interview conducted on key PFI expert group with interesting outcome include the critical issues of relationship and financing. The findings will promote an innovative PFI implementation in pre-construction stage and also innovate industry players in making best decisions.© 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: Private Finance Initiative; Implementation; Relationship; Innovation.
The Creation and Conservation of Saint Paul Church, Thailand
Authors: Silapacharanan Siriwan
Published: August 2016

There are very few Catholic churches in Thailand that conserve wooden structures.Take St.Paul in Muang District, Chachoengsao Province located on the east of Bangkok as an example, it was built by Bishop Pallegoix Jean-Baptise the Vicar Apostolic of Siam in 1840.  The first church was made of bamboo and the other wood. In 1873, Father Schmidt Francois-Joseph bought a piece of land and built the third one with concrete including wooden structures such as priest quarters, a bell tower, a rest pavilion on the Bang Pakong River, a granary, a school building, all of which were designed by a French priest in colonial architecture and constructed by Chinese workers. As the time passes, heritage buildings have been deteriorating. However, their conservation plans have been launched, and most of them have been implemented. Most of the structures were constructed of teak that can adapt itself to the weather. Another property of wood is that it can be deconstructed and reconstructed with or without changing its former architectural style.© 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies, Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: conservation; cultural heritage; architecture; community
Transfer of the Cultural Heritage of the Traditional Thai House: Usiri Family Houses
Authors: Panitchpakdi Kundoldibya
Published: August 2016

Traditional Thai house architecture is a significant part the Thai culture and heritage.  One unique attribute of traditional Thai house construction is the modular, pre-fabricated wood components, with non-permanent connections.  This allows the house to be dissembled and reassembled in a new location without damage. This is a case study of Thai-style houses built and owned by six generations of the Usiri family.  Their houses have been passed down from the first to subsequent generations.  From only two Thai-style houses 130 years ago, there are now eleven houses as part of an expanding cultural inheritance. © 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies, Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: Cultural Heritage; Traditional House; Preservation; Living Environment.
Nurturing Environmental Stewards through Preschool Physical Design
Authors: Shaari Mariam Felani , Sh Ahmad Sabarinah , Ismail Izaham Shah
Published: August 2016

Environmental stewardship starts with education. This paper aims to discuss how preschools can be used to nurture environmental stewards among Malaysian children. In summary, elements of preschool physical environments can be manipulated to enhance environmental education while landscape elements such as vegetation and topography can be manipulated to maximize interaction with nature. Effective interaction with nature is the most important factor to ensure environmental awareness. Findings are useful for Malaysian designers and policy makers to ensure that preschool’s physical settings support environmental education to respond to climate change and preserve the planet for future generations.© 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: Malaysian preschool ; Green preschool design ; Children environmental behaviour ; Environmental education
DFT/TD-DFT study on spectroscopic properties of zinc(II), nickel(II), and palladium(II) metal complexes with a thiourea derivative
Authors: Wang Xin , Li Jieqiong , Wang Li , Wu Wenpeng , Du Zheng , Luo Wenlong
Published: August 2016

The geometries, electronic structures, and spectral properties of three metal
complexes Zn(C10H12N3OS)2 (1), Ni(C10H12N3OS)2 (2), and Pd(C10H12N3OS)2 (3)
with N-(2-pyridinyl)morpholine-4-carbothioamide as a ligand are investigated
by means of DFT (density functional theory) and TD-DFT (time-dependent
density functional theory) methods. Complex 1 is a distorted tetrahedral
geometry, while complexes 2 and 3 present a distorted square-planar
coordination environment. In the simulated range, the spectrum of complex 1
has five obvious absorption peaks and one of them has the strongest
intensity. The latter two complexes have one more absorption peak and
shoulder peak with the similar intensity. Moreover, the strongest peaks of
complexes 2.
Properties of chars obtained with pyrolysis of Castanea sativa by product
Authors: Pehlivan Eylem
Published: August 2016

The application of biomass derived energy is gaining importance due to the decreasing supply of fossil fuels and growing environmental concerns. This study described the possibility of utilizing Castanea sativa?s by-product as biofuels by producing char via pyrolysis. The process was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor at different heating rates of 10?C, 100?C, and 200?C per minute at temperatures ranging from 400?C to 700?C, and a nitrogen flow rate of 100 cm3 per minute. The produced chars were characterized by proximate and elemental analyses, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area, nuclear magnetic resonance, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray fluorescence analyses. The char yield was found to decrease as both pyrolysis temperature and heating rate increases. The carbon content of char ranged from 68 to 87 wt.%, which correspond to approximately 43% of carbon in the biomass. The char obtained at 700?C had high fixed carbon content (79.90%) as well as high heating value, and hence, it could be used as a solid fuel or as a precursor in the activated carbon production with its 268 m2 per gram surface area.
Two conjugate convection boundary-layers of counter forced flow
Authors: Mosaad Mohamed
Published: August 2016

In this study, the conjugate heat transfer problem of two laminar forced convection boundary-layers of counter flow on the opposite sides of a conductive wall is analyzed by employing the integral method. The analysis is conducted in a dimensionless framework to generalize the solution. The dimensionless parameters affecting the thermal interaction between the two convection layers are deduced from the analysis. These parameters give a measure of the relative importance of interactive heat transfer modes. Mean Nusselt number data are obtained for a wide range of the main affecting parameters.