bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educação tecnicista e desigualdade social: a influência mercadológica no processo de expansão da Rede Federal de Educação no Brasil
Authors: Haack Daniel Mendes Pires , Ferreira Kylenny Rachell Mendes , Gonçalves Leonardo Borges , Azeredo Marcela Ferreira
Published: October 2023

Este trabalho possui como tema a relação da expansão da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica sob a influência do mercado e suas correlações com o ensino tecnicista e a desigualdade social. Como problemática destaca-se o questionamento acerca da relação entre o processo de expansão da rede federal, a influência do mercado na adoção de uma política educacional tecnicista e as desigualdades de oportunidades entre estudantes. O objetivo central deste estudo é estabelecer interconexões entre a expansão da Rede Federal de Educação, a influência mercadológica rumo ao ensino puramente tecnicista e a desigualdade de oportunidades. Para tal, empregou-se como metodologia a pesquisa qualitativa, básica e exploratória, por intermédio de revisão bibliográfica e documental. Dentre os resultados obtidos, apresenta-se a concepção de que a política expansionista da Rede Federal proporcionou avanços à educação pública, contudo aparenta ter se delineado pautada mais nos interesses mercadológicos do que nas demandas das populações.
PEMANFAATAN ALGORITMA C4.5 UNTUK MENENTUKAN BONUS TAHUNAN
Authors: Johan Faul , Arnomo Sasa Ani
Published: October 2023

Umano Vero Store is one of the stores that sells sales of bags, shoes, sandals, belts and wallets located in Batam, Indonesia. In the year 2019, known  in the store Umano vero in determining the annual bonus to employees still not even evenly,  employees at the store Umano Vero not satisfied with the annual bonus they received so that this problem raises less employee performance, employee discipline, and employee loyalty to the store Umano Vero.So the author performs analysis in the utilization of algorithm C4.5 to determine the annual bonus on the store Umano Vero. In the implementation of research, the authors perform methods or techniques of data mining using decision tree Classification or decree tree as well as algorithm type C4.5 done by manually calculation and also use Weka application version 3.9.2. Results of calculations and tests, the author also argues that from the process of utilization of  algorithm C4.5 in determining the annual bonus  that is done turns out to be sufficiently large influenced by some attributes of the annual bonus variable, namely the target attribute, the presence attribute  and  the work period attributes.
IMPLEMENTASI PENGINPUTAN DATA COMPONENT ELECTRONICA BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN METODE AGILE
Authors: Sihombing Nita Anggrina , Handoko Koko
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Along with the rapid development of the times, human needs that are always increasing, especially increasingly advanced technology encourages every change that is much more modern. A need that is indispensable for an organization, company, agency, and so on is like a website. Where the website becomes a necessity both in business activities but also needed in every sales promotion and helps in work within an organization or company. PT. PCI is one of the companies that develops in the field of technology, where the company still inputs work component data manually so that the data input is less accurate. With the help of artificial intelligence can provide solutions in inputting data Entering component data and providing innovation using website-based technology can provide learning for every employee to be able to increase knowledge about technology, changes in a website-based method with manual input are very different, data that was originally input manually but can be made manually automatic. AGILE is known as a form of data development, the development works collaboratively, structured and organized so that the development is able to provide ease of work. With this research carried out in order to introduce how to input data properly and correctly. Artificial intelligence used on this website that produces input component data properly and correctly for use by employees in the work process, the use of artificial intelligence is expected to be an alternative media, so that it becomes more interesting in inputting data.

 

Keywords: PT.PCI; Artificial Intelligence; Website; Agilel; Data component
ANALISIS PENGARUH KUALITAS LAYANAN APLIKASI MOBILE BANKING DAN PRODUK BANK TERHADAP KEPUASAN NASABAH UNITED OVERSEAS BANK INDONESIA DI BATAM
Authors: Octavia Ecca Yolanda , Arnomo Sasa Ani
Published: October 2023

Bank services in physical or non-physical service clould be another strategy to win the attention of customer. The satisfaction from the customers is very highly important to establish since the industry is very competitive. UOB Bank is one of the private banks in Batam city that provide mobile banking application which called TMRW and it has several bank products like housing credit, credit cards, deposit and other financial product as well. Research here is conducted to explore the effect of the mobile application of the UOB called TMRW along with the product tha effect satisfaction of the customer. The researcher took random sample in this case with the regresseion method for the hypthesis test. The result of the researh showed the profile of the responden averagely has minimum 2 bank product on their possesion and 100% using the TMRW application. The Regression showed that partially the qualitity of the mobile application TMRW has effects to the customers satisfaction, the variabel of the Quality of bank product has effects for the customers satifaction. Simultaneously quality of the mobile app TMRW and Quality of the bank product has effects for the customers satisfaction
DESAIN ULANG LEMARI MIXING E POXY PADA PT EXCELITAS TECHNOLOGIES BATAM
Authors: Gunawan Ade , Sirait Ganda
Published: October 2023

PT Excelitas is a company located in the batamindo area that produces light detectors or often called sensors. However, even though the excelitas company has made efforts to run an adequate work area, there are still work areas that need to be improved, such as the epoxy mixing cabinet work area, which has no shelves to tidy up tools and machines and no safety cover on the machine so that operators who carry out the epoxy mixing process can be exposed to epoxy splashes, so that it can cause inconvenience to operators who carry out production activities in the area because they can be exposed to epoxy splashes during the epoxy mixing process. To determine the results of the redesign that will be applied, this study uses the NIDA method, namely Need, determining the needs of the epoxy mixing cabinet, idea, idea to solve the problem of the epoxy mixing cabinet, decision to make a decision on the design of the epoxy mixing cabinet, and action, namely making a prototype design of the epoxy mixing cabinet by redesigning the safety cover and storage rack of the epoxy mixing cabinet. With the redesign of the safety cover on the epoxy mixing machine, operators who operate epoxy mixing are no longer exposed to epoxy splashes that come out during the epoxy mixing process and storage shelves that function to store tools during the epoxy mixing process.
PENGARUH KELELAHAN KERJA TERHADAP KELUHAN MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS (MSDs) PADA PEKERJA WANITA DI PT AMTEK PLASTIC BATAM
Authors: Susoko Yohanes Josua Pranata , Zetli Sri
Published: October 2023

Employees work standing and chairs without backrests with repetitive leg and hand movements during work with a normal 8-hour period. Production machines and seats are designed without taking into account the anthropometry of workers, anthropometry is needed in the design of tools and work equipment. The purpose of anthropometry in designing tools and equipment is to make harmony between humans and work systems, so that labor can work comfortably. So that workers must adjust themselves at work conditions like this force workers to always be in an unergonomic attitude and work position that lasts a long time. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of work fatigue, determine the risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders (Msds) and determine the effect of Work Fatigue on Complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (Msds) in Female Workers. The method used is simple regression analysis, work fatigue is measured using the IFRC (international fatigue research committee of japan association of industrial health) method and complaints of musculoskeletal disorders (Msds) are measured using the Nordic body map (NBM) method. The results showed there is an influence between job fatigue and musculoskeletal disorders (Msds) complaints in female workers at PT Amtek Plastic Batam.
PERANCANGAN APLIKASI JASA LAUNDRY DENGAN METODE EXTREME PROGRAMMING (XP) BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Humairani Ayunda Annisa , Simanjuntak Pastima
Published: October 2023

One of the businesses that has currently penetrated the market is the laundry business. With a sizable income, the laundry business is increasingly in demand by many people as a main or side business. Viky Laundry is one of the laundry places that has customers every day considering its strategic location, which is near residential areas. Unfortunately, in the process, Viky Laundry still uses manual methods without using a computer system as a tool. Therefore, research was conducted to design an Android-based laundry service application that is more effective and provides time efficiency for the laundry shuttle process, records incoming and outgoing clothes, and provides information about Viky Laundry itself. The research methods used include literature study, interviews, design and testing. The software development model used in this research is the Extreme Programming (XP) method. The technology used, then produced an application where customers easily and practically do the laundry process and laundry owners will more easily receive orders from customers. And for laundry entrepreneurs also with the existence of this application helps in recording incoming and outgoing clothes. Based on the results of interviews, and black box testing, the application made is quite helpful for laundry entrepreneurs and laundry customers.
SISTEM KEAMANAN SEPEDA MOTOR BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER MENGGUNAKAN SMS GATEWAY
Authors: Dakhi Viktorius , Fajrin Alfannisa Annurrullah
Published: October 2023

Abstrak
ANALISIS KEAMANAN JARINGAN PADA FASILITAS WIFI TERHADAP SERANGAN SNIFFING DI PT DUTA COMPUTER
Authors: Silalahi Putri Rosayanti , Sitohang Sunarsan
Published: October 2023

Technological developments and dependence on WiFi networks have brought many benefits in the business world, including at PT Duta Computer. However, network security is becoming a critical issue as cyber attacks become increasingly complex and sophisticated. One potential attack is a sniffing attack, in which the attacker tries to steal sensitive data that is sent over a WiFi network. This study aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of network security on WiFi facilities at PT Duta Computer against sniffing attacks. The results of this study are expected to provide deeper insight into the level of security of the WiFi network at PT Duta Computer and help companies to identify and address potential security vulnerabilities. By enhancing network security, PT Duta Computer can ensure that sensitive customer data and corporate information remain safe from sniffing attacks.
ANALISIS PENILAIAN KINERJA SUPPLIER PADA PT IDCSS
Authors: Riyan Ian , Sumantika Arsyad
Published: October 2023

The best performance assessment of suppliers in the company is an effort to improve the quality of service and provide the best products to customers. The effort aims to keep the company competitive by minimizing discrepancies in the supply chain flow. Research was conducted on PT IDCSS to find the best performing suppliers in meeting the needs of artificial ornamental plant products, to minimize problems arising from the supply of inappropriate products. The method used in this research is the VPI frame worked Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method with the main criteria of Quality, Cost, Delivery, Flexibility and Response which are divided into 17 sub-criteria. The results showed that the highest weights were the delivery criteria (0.389), cost (0.294), quality (0.157), response (0.108) and flexibility (0.052). The assessment results on supplier performance supplier MIS (0.260), YOH (0.256), FYG (0.244), CIL (0.129) and supplier SAM (0.112). This shows that supplier MIS has the best performance as a supplier of artificial ornamental plant products for PT IDCSS.
Blastomeres of 8-cell mouse embryos differ in their ability to generate embryonic stem cells and produce lines with different transcriptional signatures
Authors: Alonso-Alonso Sandra , Esteve-Codina Anna , Martin-Mur Beatriz , Álvarez-González Lucia , Ruiz-Herrera Aurora , Santaló Josep , Ibáñez Elena
Published: October 2023

Embryonic stem cell (ESC) derivation from single blastomeres of 8-cell mouse embryos results in lower derivation rates than that from whole blastocysts, raising a biological question about the developmental potential of sister blastomeres. We aimed to assess the ability of 8-cell blastomeres to produce epiblast cells and ESC lines after isolation, and the properties of the resulting lines. Our results revealed unequal competence among sister blastomeres to produce ESC lines. At least half of the blastomeres possess a lower potential to generate ESCs, although culture conditions and blastomeres plasticity can redirect their non-pluripotent fate towards the epiblast lineage, allowing us to generate up to seven lines from the same embryo. Lines originated from the same embryo segregated into two groups according to their transcriptional signatures. While the expression of genes related to pluripotency and development was higher in one group, no differences were found in their trilineage differentiation ability. These results may help to improve our understanding of the ESC derivation process from single blastomeres and cell fate determination in the preimplantation mouse embryos.
Design, synthesis, and application in OFET of a small molecule based on π-expanded fused diketopyrrolopyrrole
Authors: Li Jianhui , Ji Zhuoting , He Aihua , Zhang Haichang
Published: October 2023

Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) and its derivatives, as electron deficient units, are widely used as building blocks in organic field-effect transistors, obtaining high performance. However, further modification of the DPP structure is crucial for the development of organic semiconductors. In this work, an FDPP is synthesized and characterized. The results show that FDPP exhibited not only a good planar core structure with a good conjugation system, but also strong aggregation in the solid state. As a consequence, FDPP presents p-type behavior with a hole mobility of ∼9.7 × 10−3 cm2 V−1 s−1. This study suggests that FDPP is a promising electron deficient unit for high performance semiconductors.
Combination of percutaneous left appendage epicardial ligation and endo-epicardial atrial fibrillation ablation
Authors: Grossi Stefano , Bianchi Francesca , Blandino Alessandro , Pintor Chiara , Tomasello Antonino , Mabritto Barbara , Musumeci Giuseppe
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the main cause of cardioembolic stroke. In high-bleeding-risk patients, long-life anticoagulation therapy is not permitted, and left atrial appendage (LAA) closure may be considered. LAA is also a critical substrate for AF. Epicardial LAA occlusion has several advantages: LAA ligation results in a favorable electrical and structural atrial remodeling, which decreases AF recurrence. Endocardial ablation alone is not efficient for all patients, and new evidence shows better outcomes in patients affected by persistent AF after a combined hybrid endo-epicardial ablation. Considering the synergic potential of these techniques, in this case series, they were both combined in a single procedure.

Methods and results

We describe the treatment of 5 patients referred for refractory AF ablation and LAA closure. All patients had high thrombotic and previous major hemorrhage, with relative contraindication to life-long therapy with anticoagulation. A combined procedure of LAA ligation and endo-epicardial ablation was scheduled with short-term anticoagulation. LAA closure was performed with an epicardial approach using the LARIAT system. Then, LA mapping and ablation were performed, endocardially and then epicardially.

All procedures were concluded without complications.

At follow-up, in all patients, transesophageal echocardiography showed the complete occlusion of the LAA; therefore, anticoagulation therapy was interrupted. All patients were asymptomatic, and in the sinus rhythm, no hemorrhage or ischemic events occurred.

Conclusion

The combination of percutaneous LAA ligation and endo-epicardial ablation was revealed to be feasible and safe and might represent a new approach for the treatment of refractory AF in patients with indication of LAA occlusion.
Assessment of myocardial function and cardiac performance using left ventricular global longitudinal strain in athletes after COVID-19: a follow-up study
Authors: Schellenberg J. , Matits L. , Bizjak D. A. , Kersten J. , Kirsten J. , Vollrath S. , Steinacker J. M.
Published: October 2023

Background

It has not yet been conclusively determined whether reduced left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV GLS) after COVID-19 contributes to a reduction in exercise capacity. Our own studies showed a possible mild myocardial involvement in the form of reduced LV GLS in athletes after COVID-19 compared with healthy athletes. The aims of this prospective follow-up study were to investigate the development of LV GLS over a 3-month period in athletes after COVID-19 and the possible relationship between LV GLS and physical performance.

Methods

LV GLS was determined in four-, two-, and three-chamber views and assessed offline by a blinded investigator in 96 recreational athletes (mean age 33.15 ± 12.40 years, 53 male, peak VO2 38.82 ± 11.14 ml/min/kg) at a median of two (t0) and five months (t1) after COVID-19. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) was performed on a bicycle ergometer on both examination dates.

Results

LV GLS improved significantly between t0 and t1 (t0 −18.82 ± 2.02 vs. t1 −19.46 ± 2.05, p < 0.001). Echocardiographic and spiroergometric parameters were within the normal clinical reference range. Maximum power increased significantly from t0 to t1 (t0 283.17 ± 83.20 vs. t1 286.24 ± 85.22 Watt, p = 0.009) and there was a trend toward increased peak oxygen uptake (t0 36.82 ± 11.14 vs. t1 38.68 ± 10.26 ml/min/kg, p = 0.069). We found no correlation between LV GLS and performance parameters, except for the respiratory exchange ratio (RER) [ρ −0.316, (−0.501; −0.102), p < 0.050].

Conclusions

Significant improvement in LV GLS approximately five months after COVID-19 may be due to mild myocardial involvement during or shortly after COVID-19, which seems to recover. There was no correlation between LV GLS and performance parameters, except for an inverse correlation of LV GLS and RER, suggesting insufficient exercise intolerance at lower GLS values. Further studies on the development of GLS in athletes or in the general population with moderate and severe disease courses would be informative as well as the comparison of pre-COVID-19 with post-COVID-19 echocardiography to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 on cardiac function.
Paleogeographic reconstruction of an ancient source-to-sink system in a lacustrine basin from the Paleogene Shahejie formation in the Miaoxibei area (Bohai Bay basin, east China)
Authors: Feng Bin , He Youbin , Li Hua , Li Tao , Du Xiaofeng , Huang Xiaobo , Zhou Xiaoguang
Published: October 2023

The paleogeographic reconstruction of ancient source-to-sink systems is a current focus and challenge in the field of Earth sciences; however, there are few established method or representative reconstruction case for ancient source-to-sink system paleogeographic reconstruction. Using drilling, thin-section, core, and 3D seismic data guided by sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology and the source-to-sink system approach, the source-to-sink system characteristics of the second member of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in the Miaoxibei area of the Bohai Bay Basin were reconstructed. In addition, a new method for paleogeographic reconstruction of the ancient source-to-sink system was established using geomorphology and sediment backfilling technology to identify the erosion evolution history of the provenance area and to reconstruct the study area source-to-sink system for the investigated time-span. This study shows that a complete near-transport source-to-sink system developed in the Miaoxibei area, with the source area composed of Mesozoic granites, Neoproterozoic quartzites, and conglomerates. The primary and secondary watersheds were trending in N–S and E–W directions, respectively. The paleo drainage system trended in a N–S and E–W direction. The sedimentary facies represent mainly fan deltas and lakes. During the Paleogene, erosion was stronger in the western part of the source area than that in the eastern part, and the position of the paleo watershed gradually shifted eastward. The reconstruction method presented here and its results on the source-to-sink system can facilitate ancient source-to-sink system research in continental basins and serve as a model for paleogeographic reconstruction of ancient source-to-sink systems and related hydrocarbon exploration in other regions.
Study on filling mining technology for gently inclined thin to medium thick phosphorus deposits
Authors: Hou Di , Xu Mengchao , Li Xiaoshuang , Wang Jiawen , Wang Menglai , Li Shujian
Published: October 2023

This study is grounded in research conducted at the Kunyang Phosphate Mine No. 2, a Chinese open-pit phosphate mining enterprise owned by the Yunnan Phosphate Group Co., Ltd. Due to the small inclination angle and the presence of weak interlayers in the middle of the gently inclined thin to medium thick phosphate ore layer, mining such ore bodies cannot rely on self weight migration, making roof management difficult and mining costs high technical challenges. The methods utilized on-site research, engineering comparisons, and theoretical analysis experiments to address the gently inclined phosphorus deposits. Based on the actual technical and economic conditions of current phosphorus mines, the advantages, disadvantages, and practical conditions of upward horizontal layered filling mining method, upward horizontal layered drift filling mining method, and pseudo inclined segmented strip filling mining method are compared. Priority should be given to using the pseudo inclined segmented strip method as the main method for mining, supplemented by the upward horizontal layered filling method in the panel area. And theoretical calculation methods were applied to obtain various numerical values of the filling capacity of the 2 million t/a mine filling test section, providing technical support for the mining design and equipment selection of the filling test system. The relevant research results can provide guidance for the selection of mining methods for gently inclined thin to medium thick phosphate deposits with an average inclination angle of 15°. The theoretical calculation method used can provide technical guidance for the filling system and filling equipment.
Influence of altitude, slope, and waterway characteristics on the occurrence of slow-moving landslides in South Korea
Authors: Tak Gyeong-Mi , Park Jae-Hyeon , Lee Chong-Kyu , Kim Hyun
Published: October 2023

Forest soil sediment disasters, categorized as landslides, slow-moving landslides (land creep), and debris flows, result in destruction of forests and properties, loss of life, and damage to infrastructures. Therefore, it is imperative to evaluate factors that cause slow-moving landslides and establish a national-level hazard information system. In this study, we used geographic information system (GIS) to investigate the difference between landslides and slow-moving landslides by overlapping and analyzing landslide hazard map with slow-moving landslide sites. Slow-moving landslide areas (SLAs) and non-SLAs were characterized to compare the effects of altitude and slope in slow-moving landslide events. Finally, we performed a hydrographical analysis of waterways to compare the SLAs and non-SLAs. Grade 3 slow-moving landslide sites were found to be the most prevalent among all landslide hazard grades (1–5), including those in regions outside the specified grades. The altitude and slope of SLAs were 5 m higher and 1° steeper than those of non-SLAs, respectively. The waterways in non-SLAs (205.4 m) were longer than those in SLAs (85.2 m). Our study highlights the importance of altitude, slope, and waterways as triggers for slow-moving landslides and provides an empirical basis for establishing national hazard information systems for these events.
A qualitative exploration of expert perspectives on applying the science of learning to higher education
Authors: Nugent Annita , Carroll Annemaree , Lodge Jason M. , Matthews Kelly E. , MacMahon Stephanie , Sah Pankaj
Published: October 2023

Amid the constant change in higher education, a clear-eyed focus on the mission of higher education to support student learning is critical. Supporting student success, in turn, needs to emphasise rigorous evidence about what matters most for facilitating high-quality learning. With the science of learning, an emerging interdisciplinary field, as the study foundation, a series of 20 interviews was conducted with senior academics with research expertize in higher education and learning sciences. Interviews focused on principles for effective learning in the 21st century and relevance of science of learning research and literature to these principles. Using inductive and deductive thematic analysis across six iterative phases, seven key themes critical to contemporary higher education learning emerged, from which the higher education learning principles were developed. The principles provide a powerful tool to guide effective university teaching at an individual, organisation and policy level.
Long-term efficacy and safety of subcutaneous pasireotide alone or in combination with cabergoline in Cushing’s disease
Authors: Feelders Richard A. , Fleseriu Maria , Kadioglu Pinar , Bex Marie , González-Devia Deyanira , Boguszewski Cesar Luiz , Yavuz Dilek Gogas , Patino Heather , Pedroncelli Alberto M. , Maamari Ricardo , Chattopadhyay Arghya , Biller Beverly M. K. , Pivonello Rosario
Published: October 2023

Objective

This study evaluated short- and long-term efficacy and safety of the second-generation somatostatin receptor ligand pasireotide alone or in combination with dopamine agonist cabergoline in patients with Cushing’s disease (CD).

Study design

This is an open-label, multicenter, non-comparative, Phase II study comprising 35-week core phase and an optional extension phase. All patients started with pasireotide, and cabergoline was added if cortisol remained elevated. Eligible patients had active CD, with or without prior surgery, were pasireotide naïve at screening or had discontinued pasireotide for reasons other than safety. Primary endpoint was proportion of patients with a mean urinary free cortisol (mUFC) level not exceeding the upper limit of normal (ULN) at week 35 with missing data imputed using last available post-baseline assessments.

Results

Of 68 patients enrolled, 26 (38.2%) received pasireotide monotherapy and 42 (61.8%) received pasireotide plus cabergoline during the core phase. Thirty-four patients (50.0%; 95% CI 37.6–62.4) achieved the primary endpoint, of whom 17 (50.0%) received pasireotide monotherapy and 17 (50.0%) received combination therapy. Proportion of patients with mUFC control remained stable during the extension phase up to week 99. Treatment with either mono or combination therapy provided sustained improvements in clinical symptoms of hypercortisolism up to week 99. Hyperglycemia and nausea (51.5% each), diarrhea (44.1%) and cholelithiasis (33.8%) were the most frequent adverse events.

Conclusion

Addition of cabergoline in patients with persistently elevated mUFC on maximum tolerated doses of pasireotide is an effective and well-tolerated long-term strategy for enhancing control of hypercortisolism in some CD patients.

Clinical trial registration

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01915303, identifier NCT01915303.
Functional enrichment analysis of mutated genes in children with hyperthyroidism
Authors: Mao Xiaojian , Tang Liangliang , Li Hongyi , Zhang Wen , Liu Li , Wang Heyong , Headar Abdalbari
Published: October 2023

Objective

Hyperthyroidism in Chinese children is relatively high and has been increasing in recent years, which has a significant impact on their healthy development. Hyperthyroidism is a polygenic disorder that presents greater challenges in terms of prediction and treatment than monogenic diseases. This study aims to elucidate the associated functions and gene sets of mutated genes in children with hyperthyroidism in terms of the gene ontology through GO enrichment analysis and in terms of biological signaling pathways through KEGG enrichment analysis, thereby enhancing our understanding of the expected effects of multiple mutated genes on hyperthyroidism in children.

Methods

Whole-exome sequencing was performed on the DNA samples of children with hyperthyroidism. Screening for pathogenic genes related to hyperthyroidism in affected children was performed using the publicly available disease databases Malacards, MutationView, and Clinvar, and the functions and influences of the identified pathogenic genes were analyzed using statistical analysis and the gene enrichment approach.

Results

Through GO enrichment analysis, it was found that the most significant gene ontology enrichment was the function “hormone activity” in terms of gene ontology molecular function. The corresponding mutated genes set that has common effects on hyperthyroidism in children included TG, CALCA, POMC, CGA, PTH, GHRL, FBN1, TRH, PRL, LEP, ADIPOQ, INS, GH1. The second most significant gene ontology enrichment was the function “response to peptide hormone” in terms of biological process. The corresponding mutated genes set that has common effects on hyperthyroidism in children included LRP6, TSC2, KANK1, COL1A1, CDKN1B, POMC, STAT1, MEN1, APC, GHRL, TSHR, GJB2, FBN1, GPT, LEP, ADIPOQ, INS, GH1. Through KEGG enrichment analysis, it was found that the most significant biological signaling pathway enrichment was the pathway “Thyroid hormone signaling pathway” function. The corresponding mutated genes set that has common effects on hyperthyroidism in children included NOTCH3, MYH7, TSC2, STAT1, MED13L, MAP2K2, SLCO1C1, SLC16A2, and THRB. The second most significant biological signaling pathway enrichment was the pathway “Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy” in terms of biological process. The corresponding mutated genes set that has common effects on hyperthyroidism in children included IGF1, CACNA1S, MYH7, IL6, TTN, CACNB2, LAMA2, and DMD.

Conclusion

The mutated genes in children with hyperthyroidism were closely linked to function involved in “hormone activity” and “response to peptide hormone” in terms of the biological signaling pathway, and to the functional pathways involved in “Thyroid hormone signaling pathway” and “Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy” in terms of the biological signaling pathway.
Role of anthropometric indices as a screening tool for predicting metabolic syndrome among apparently healthy individuals of Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Adil Syed Omair , Musa Kamarul Imran , Uddin Fareed , Shafique Kashif , Khan Asima , Islam Md Asiful
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Anthropometric indices are affordable and non-invasive methods for screening metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, determining the most effective index for screening can be challenging.

Objective

To investigate the accuracy of anthropometric indices as a screening tool for predicting MetS among apparently healthy individuals in Karachi, Pakistan.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in Karachi, Pakistan, from February 2022 to August 2022. A total of 1,065 apparently healthy individuals aged 25 years and above were included. MetS was diagnosed using International Diabetes Federation guidelines. Anthropometric indices were defined based on body mass index (BMI), neck circumference (NC), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), waist circumference (WC), waist to height ratio (WHtR), conicity index, reciprocal ponderal index (RPI), body shape index (BSI), and visceral adiposity index (VAI). The analysis involved the utilization of Pearson’s correlation test and independent t-test to examine inferential statistics. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was also applied to evaluate the predictive capacities of various anthropometric indices regarding metabolic risk factors. Moreover, the area under the curve (AUC) was computed, and the chosen anthropometric indices’ optimal cutoff values were determined.

Results

All anthropometric indices, except for RPI in males and BSI in females, were significantly higher in MetS than those without MetS. VAI [AUC 0.820 (95% CI 0.78–0.86)], WC [AUC 0.751 (95% CI 0.72–0.79)], WHtR [AUC 0.732 (95% CI 0.69–0.77)], and BMI [AUC 0.708 (95% CI 0.66–0.75)] had significantly higher AUC for predicting MetS in males, whereas VAI [AUC 0.693 (95% CI 0.64–0.75)], WHtR [AUC 0.649 (95% CI 0.59–0.70)], WC [AUC 0.646 (95% CI 0.59–0.61)], BMI [AUC 0.641 (95% CI 0.59–0.69)], and MUAC [AUC 0.626 (95% CI 0.57–0.68)] had significantly higher AUC for predicting MetS in females. The AUC of NC for males was 0.656 (95% CI 0.61–0.70), while that for females was 0.580 (95% CI 0.52–0.64). The optimal cutoff points for all anthropometric indices exhibited a high degree of sensitivity and specificity in predicting the onset of MetS.

Conclusion

BMI, WC, WHtR, and VAI were the most important anthropometric predictors for MetS in apparently healthy individuals of Pakistan, while BSI was found to be the weakest indicator.
Sphingolipid metabolism in brain insulin resistance and neurological diseases
Authors: Mei Meng , Liu Maochang , Mei Yan , Zhao Jing , Li Yang
Published: October 2023

Sphingolipids, as members of the large lipid family, are important components of plasma membrane. Sphingolipids participate in biological signal transduction to regulate various important physiological processes such as cell growth, apoptosis, senescence, and differentiation. Numerous studies have demonstrated that sphingolipids are strongly associated with glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance, including peripheral insulin resistance and brain insulin resistance, is closely related to the occurrence and development of many metabolic diseases. In addition to metabolic diseases, like type 2 diabetes, brain insulin resistance is also involved in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. However, the specific mechanism of sphingolipids in brain insulin resistance has not been systematically summarized. This article reviews the involvement of sphingolipids in brain insulin resistance, highlighting the role and molecular biological mechanism of sphingolipid metabolism in cognitive dysfunctions and neuropathological abnormalities of the brain.
Modulating β-catenin/BCL9 interaction with cell-membrane-camouflaged carnosic acid to inhibit Wnt pathway and enhance tumor immune response
Authors: Gao Ruqing , Zheng Xiaoqiang , Jiang Aimin , He Wangxiao , Liu Tianya
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) therapies are plagued by insufficient immune infiltration and suboptimal immune responses in patients, which are closely associated with the hyperactive Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Suppressing this signaling holds considerable promise as a potential tumor therapy for LUAD, but Wnt suppressor development is hindered by concerns regarding toxicity and adverse effects due to insufficient targeting of tumors.

Methods

We have synthesized a tumor-specific biomimetic Wnt pathway suppressor, namely CM-CA, by encapsulating carnosic acid within Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cell membranes. It possesses nano-size, allowing for a straightforward preparation process, and exhibits the ability to selectively target the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in lung adenocarcinoma cells. To evaluate its in vivo efficacy, we utilized the LLC Lewis homograft model, and further validated its mechanism of action through immunohistochemistry staining and transcriptome sequencing analyses.

Results

The findings from the animal experiments demonstrated that CM-CA effectively suppressed the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and impeded cellular proliferation, leading to notable tumor growth inhibition in a biologically benign manner. Transcriptome sequencing analyses revealed that CM-CA promoted T cell infiltration and bolstered the immune response within tumor tissues.

Conclusion

The utilization of CM-CA presents a novel and auspicious approach to achieve tumor suppression and augment the therapeutic response rate in LUAD, while also offering a strategy for the development of Wnt/β-catenin inhibitors with biosafety profile.
Modeling speech processing in case of neurogenic speech and language disorders: neural dysfunctions, brain lesions, and speech behavior
Authors: Kröger Bernd J.
Published: October 2023

Computer-implemented neural speech processing models can simulate patients suffering from neurogenic speech and language disorders like aphasia, dysarthria, apraxia of speech, and neurogenic stuttering. Speech production and perception tasks simulated by using quantitative neural models uncover a variety of speech symptoms if neural dysfunctions are inserted into these models. Neural model dysfunctions can be differentiated with respect to type (dysfunction of neuron cells or of neural connections), location (dysfunction appearing in a specific buffer of submodule of the model), and severity (percentage of affected neurons or neural connections in that specific submodule of buffer). It can be shown that the consideration of quantitative computer-implemented neural models of speech processing allows to refine the definition of neurogenic speech disorders by unfolding the relation between inserted neural dysfunction and resulting simulated speech behavior while the analysis of neural deficits (e.g., brain lesions) uncovered from imaging experiments with real patients does not necessarily allow to precisely determine the neurofunctional deficit and thus does not necessarily allow to give a precise neurofunctional definition of a neurogenic speech and language disorder. Furthermore, it can be shown that quantitative computer-implemented neural speech processing models are able to simulate complex communication scenarios as they appear in medical screenings, e.g., in tasks like picture naming, word comprehension, or repetition of words or of non-words (syllable sequences) used for diagnostic purposes or used in speech tasks appearing in speech therapy scenarios (treatments). Moreover, neural speech processing models which can simulate neural learning are able to simulate progress in the overall speech processing skills of a model (patient) resulting from specific treatment scenarios if these scenarios can be simulated. Thus, quantitative neural models can be used to sharpen up screening and treatment scenarios and thus increase their effectiveness by varying certain parameters of screening as well as of treatment scenarios.
The influence of light on elasmobranch behavior and physiology: a review
Authors: Carroll Daire , Harvey-Carroll Jessica
Published: October 2023

In this review, we summarize the state of knowledge of the influence of light on the activity and physiology of elasmobranchs (sharks, skates, rays, and sawfish). These are a diverse group with great economic and ecological importance. The long-term success of a species is largely determined by its ability to respond to changes in its environment. Light plays an important role for many marine species in signaling rhythmic environmental changes which are part of daily and annual cycles. Behavioral and physiological changes by organisms in response to these signals have evolved enabling them to maximize survival and reproductive success. In an environment with increased levels of artificial light at night (ALAN), deleterious changes in activity and physiology can occur. By summarizing what is known about the influence of light on elasmobranch activity, it can be concluded that ALAN is likely to have a negative impact on elasmobranchs at the individual and population level. We also discuss the example of intentional nocturnal light pooling by the tourism industry to attract whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) and manta rays (Mobula spp.) and recommend regulation of this activity.
Global patterns in sandy beach erosion: unraveling the roles of anthropogenic, climatic and morphodynamic factors
Authors: Bozzeda Fabio , Ortega Leonardo , Costa Leonardo Lopes , Fanini Lucia , Barboza Carlos A. M. , McLachlan Anton , Defeo Omar
Published: October 2023

Beach erosion is a complex process influenced by multiple factors operating at different spatial scales. Local (e.g., waves, tides, grain size, beach width and coastal development) and regional (e.g., sea level rise and mean sea level pressure) factors both shape erosion processes. A comprehensive understanding of how these drivers collectively impact sandy beach erosion is needed. To address this on a global-scale we assembled a database with in-situ information on key physical variables from 315 sandy beaches covering a wide morphodynamic range and complemented by satellite data on regional variables. Our results revealed the combined influence of local and regional factors on beach erosion rates. Primary drivers were regional anomalies in mean sea level pressure and variations in mean sea level, and local factors such as tide range, beach slope and width, and Dean’s parameter. By analyzing morphodynamic characteristics, we identified five distinct clusters of sandy beaches ranging from wave-dominated microtidal reflective beaches to tide-modified ultradissipative beaches. This energy dissipation gradient emerged as a critical factor, with erosion rates increasing with beach width and dissipativeness. Our study also highlighted the tangible impact of climate change on beach erosion patterns. Hotspots were identified, where intensification of regional anomalies in mean sea level pressure, increasing onshore winds and warming rates, and rising sea levels synergistically accelerated erosion rates. However, local variables were found to either amplify the effects of regional factors on erosion or enhance a beach’s resistance, mitigating erosive trends initiated by regional drivers. Our analysis showed that more than one-fifth of the analyzed beaches are experiencing intense, extreme, or severe erosion rates, and highlighted the significant role of human activities in explaining erosion trends, particularly in microtidal reflective and intermediate beaches. This underscores the long-term threat of coastal squeeze faced by sandy beaches worldwide and emphasizes the need to consider both local and regional drivers in order to understand erosion processes. Integrating localized measurements with broader satellite observations is required for a comprehensive understanding of the main drivers behind coastal evolution, which in turn is needed to manage and preserve these fragile ecosystems that are at risk.
A new RFID Middleware architecture based on a hybrid security technique using data encryption and RBAC for modern real-time tracking applications
Authors: Haibi Achraf , Oufaska Kenza , El Yassini Khalid , Boulmalf Mohammed , Bouya Mohsine
Published: October 2023

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a contactless technology that has developed over the 90s and 20th centuries. It employs electromagnetic or electrostatic coupling in the radio frequency part of the electromagnetic spectrum to uniquely identify traceable objects, and is widely used in various sectors (e.g., medical, Supply Chain Management, transportation, and IoT applications.). Through the supply of real-world monitoring and context information about things, the integration of this technology in such areas delivers various benefits in the future of ubiquitous computing. However, one of the primary challenges will be the capacity to manage data since RFID events have specific characteristics and requires special treatment, such as the large volume of data flow, inaccuracy, temporal and spatial data, are typical examples of RFID event data. The goal of this research is to first highlight the concerns and limitations of existing middleware architectures before introducing and implementing a new Middleware architecture to address the identified issues, specifically real-time processing of massive volumes of data coming from physical RFID infrastructure. This middleware combines role-based access control with an encryption algorithm to increase security, a NoSQL database for storing large amounts of data, complex event processing (CEP) to provide high-volume data stream processing, and improved interoperability via the Data Transformation Module. Finally, our architecture is evaluated and compared to several middleware architectures based on standard ISO/IEC 9126 metrics.
Immunogenicity and effectiveness of COVID-19 booster vaccination among people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cheng Meng-Qun , Li Rong , Weng Zhi-Ying , Song Gao
Published: October 2023

Background

The effect of booster vaccinations with the coronavirus virus disease (COVID-19) vaccine on people living with HIV (PLWH) remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the immunogenicity and effectiveness of booster doses of the COVID-19 vaccine in PLWH.

Methods

Literature research was done through the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Review, and Web of Science databases up to 4 July 2023. Pooled estimates were calculated and compared using the DerSimonian and Laird method for a random effects model. Randomized control trials and observational studies were both considered for inclusion.

Results

We included 35 eligible studies covering 30,154 PLWH. The pooled immune response rate (IRR) of PLWH after the COVID-19 booster vaccination was 97.25% (95% confidence interval [CI], 93.81–99.49), and similar to healthy control (HC) (risk ratio [RR] = 0.98, 95% CI, 0.96–1.00). The pooled IRR for PLWH with CD4+ T-cell counts ≤ 200 was 86.27 (95% CI, 65.35–99.07). For Omicron variants, the pooled IRR for PLWH after booster dose was 74.07% (95% CI, 58.83–89.30), and the risk of IRR was reduced by 10% in PLWH compared with HC (RR = 0.90, 95% CI, 0.80–1.00). The T-cell immune response of PLWH was found to be comparable to HC (p ≥ 0.05). Subgroup analyses revealed that mRNA vaccines produced a relatively high IRR in PLWH compared to other vaccines. In addition, the results showed that booster vaccination appeared to further reduce the risk of COVID-19-related infections, hospitalizations, and deaths compared with the primary vaccination.

Conclusion

It was shown that booster vaccination with the COVID-19 vaccine provided a high IRR in PLWH and still produced a desirable moderate IRR in PLWH with a CD4+ T-cell count of ≤ 200. Importantly, the humoral and T-cell responses to booster vaccination in PLWH were comparable to HC, and similar results were observed with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. Our review strongly emphasizes the effect of mRNA vaccine booster vaccination in PLWH on eliciting desirable protective IRR. Furthermore, booster vaccination appears to further reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and death in PLWH compared to primary vaccination. However, more evidence is needed to confirm its effectiveness.