bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudo da aplicação de sistemas de recomendação para apoio à decisão clínica no tratamento
Authors:   , Horvath M.
Published: October 2020

Recommender Systems are well-known techniques designed to support users in the overwhelming task of finding content of interest among a vast set of options. These systems have been extensively explored by the academia, demonstrating the Recommender Systems capabilities to efficiently handle sparse data and to provide valuable recommendations, especially in e-commerce and online entertainment scenarios. Recently, researchers started to investigate Recommender Systems into health-related scenarios, discussing challenges and opportunities of generating recommendations to support health professional decisions or even to recommend content directly for patients. This work presents an extensive review of the research field called Health Recommender Systems, aiming at showing the main contributions and challenges discussed in this field. Among these challenges, the lack of empirical experiments evaluating Health Recommender Systems, the adoption of the so-called Personal Health Records to build Recommender Systems, and the patient profile modeling are noteworthy. Therefore, this work assesses and compares the most relevant Recommender Systems techniques into a health recommendation scenario, focusing on producing procedures recommendations in order to assist health professionals to build the treatment plan of patients born with cardiac diseases. The experiments was performed using a dataset provided by a hospital in São Paulo, Brazil, built from a Personal Health Records system. The results show that Collaborative Filtering outperformed Content-Based Filtering in all evaluations. Moreover, Context-Aware Recommender Systems improved the models performance, since the best results for both Collaborative Filtering and Content-Based Filtering were achieved using context information to compute recommendations. Finally, the Hybrid Recommender Systems outperformed all other models, achieving a 푛퐷퐶퐺 of 0.78 and a Recall of 0.87
ANALYSIS CRITERIA FOR EVALUATION OF EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE FACADE SYSTEMS
Authors:   State Enterprise «State Research Institute of Building Structures», Farenyuk G.G. , Oleksiienko O.B. ,   State Enterprise «State Research Institute of Building Structures»
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Strategic problem of ensuring the update of energy profile of residential and public buildings may be solved if only recent design concept of facade thermal insulation is applied. As the design concept, facade thermal insulation appeared in reconstruction of buildings and structures. In domestic construction practice, this design concept is also widely used in new structures and that is why the system of criteria that determine the possible reduce of specific heat loss in heating of buildings should be updated, and the desired operational heat safety of buildings should be ensured. The paper deals with the development and implementation of new criteria for assessment of façade insulation systems with rendering, addresses the European experience and features the implementation of European standards in the national regulatory framework. The paper follows the previous research conducted by the State Research Institute of Building Constructions for the last fifteen years with main scientific papers being referenced and aimed at the development of methodological base for system of norms and standards that ensure the implementation of innovations in the practice of domestic construction sector. The paper covers the details of conformity assessment and suitability for use of facade thermal insulation in accordance with the methodological principles applied both in Ukraine and countries of European Community. The paper provides the analysis of the requirements set for facade thermal insulation with rendering by a national regulative document, DSTU B V.2.6-36:2008, and compares the requirements for ETICS (Exterior Thermal Insulation Composite System) set by Guideline for European Technical Approval of Exterior Thermal Insulation Composite System with Rendering (ETICS), ETAG 004.
Évaluation hémodynamique précoce par échocardiographie ciblée des patients en sepsis ou choc septique (Sepsis-3) au service d’urgence
Authors: Lafon T. , Feydeau P. , Baisse A. , Bigrat V. , Raynaud C. , Pihan M. , Goudelin M. , Evrard B. , Vallejo C. , Karam H. Hani , Vignon P.
Published: October 2020

Introduction : L’identification du profil hémodynamique des patients septiques au service d’urgence (SU) pourrait permettre d’adapter individuellement les recommandations de la Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC). L’objectif de cette étude était de décrire le profil hémodynamique précoce par échocardiographie ciblée chez les patients en sepsis et leur impact thérapeutique.

Méthode : Étude prospective monocentrique incluant les patients septiques (score qSOFA [quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment] ≥ 2) sur une période de 30 mois. L’échocardiographie était réalisée par des médecins urgentistes de niveau échographie clinique en médecine d’urgence 1 afin de déterminer le profil hémodynamique (hypovolémie, vasoplégie avec hyperkinésie, insuffisance ventriculaire ou profil « normal ») dès le sepsis identifié au SU. L’impact thérapeutique était défini par le nombre de patients pour lesquels l’échocardiographie modifiait le traitement de la SSC.

Résultats : Quatre-vingt-un patients (44 sepsis, 37 chocs septiques) ont été étudiés (âge moyen : 70 ± 15 ans ; hommes [n = 47, 58 %] ; SOFA = 5,3 ± 2,9 ; lactates = 4,6 ± 4,2 mmol/l ; admission en réanimation [n = 30, 37 %] ; mortalité j28 [n = 28, 35 %]) après un remplissage vasculaire médian de 500 ml (écart interquartile : 250–1 500 ml). Les profils hémodynamiques dominants étaient l’hypovolémie (n = 54, 66 %), parfois associée à une vasoplégie (n = 26, 32 %) et l’insuffisance ventriculaire (n = 21, 26 %). L’impact thérapeutique concernait 21 patients (26 %), dont un arrêt précoce du remplissage vasculaire après un volume de 850 ± 740 ml chez huit patients.

Conclusion : La dysfonction ventriculaire précoce est présente chez plus de 20 % des patients septiques. L’impact pronostique d’une évaluation échocardiographique dès l’identification du sepsis au SU reste à déterminer.
Financing Inclusive Growth through FDI: Incorporating the Role of Institutional Quality
Authors: Munir Muneza , Fatima Ambreen
Published: October 2020

Countries need a tremendous amount of investment to utilize existing resources and enhance productivity in order to ensure inclusive growth in the economy. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) by providing the required investment can fulfil the saving-investment gap. The paper makes an empirical investigation of the effectiveness of FDI as a financing tool for inclusive growth. The study also examines how the effectiveness of FDI varies across economies with varying level of institutional quality. The results suggest that FDI plays a significant role in achieving inclusive growth, especially in economies with a low and medium level of institutional Quality. A deep underpinning of our inclusive growth variable brought thoughtful insights such as low and middle-income economies, which mostly belong to the low and medium level of institutional quality cluster. They should adopt policies that enhance the existing spectrum of opportunities. Whereas equity should be the top-most priority for high-income economies.
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) in Rural and Marginalized Area: Evaluation and Impact
Authors: Adelabu Olusesan Adeyemi
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT By introducing Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), online learning has taken another dimension. It has also become a significant teaching and learning resource base. This study aimed at investigating the use of MOOCs in rural and marginalized areas. A quantitative approach was adopted by using a self-structured questionnaire for this study to gather information from the respondents and to access the awareness and the use of Massive Open Online Course (MOOCs) in Alice community, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Data collected and gathered were analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study revealed amongst others the efficacy of MOOCs in fostering teaching and learning in rural and marginalized areas. This research concludes that MOOCs are a veritable medium for everyone who wishes to obtain a degree or certification. The study, therefore, recommends that people in rural and marginalized areas should fully embrace MOOCs platforms, and also, awareness programs about its benefits should be circulated across the municipalities nationwide.
ACCOUNTING AND ANALYTICAL SUPPORT OF MANAGEMENT OF INDIRECT COSTS FOR THE AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE
Authors: Tamara Kucherenko  , Elena Matros  , Olga Ratushna  , Liudmyla Melnyk
Published: October 2020

In this study, attention is paid to the management of indirect costs by adjusting the proportion of indirect costs total cost of goods sold. The object of study is accounting and analytical support of management of indirect costs for the agricultural enterprise. The proposed accounting model of breakeven point, which consists of revenue from sales of goods – receipt of funds, constant (indirect) costs and variable costs – cash outflows and profit – difference of income and outflow of funds or financial result of economic activity. Using this model, in addition to the possibility of forming short and medium-term budgets of enterprises, allows to answer the question how will the profits when any other indicator models and under what conditions will reach the highest level of profit. Using the accounting model we developed a methodology of measuring the level of influence of changes in the share of indirect costs on performance indicators (profit, ROI) and the break-even level of production. In addition, the analyzed data 28 statistical reports of agricultural enterprises to determine the average percentage of indirect costs total cost of goods sold and found that the average share of overheads total cost of sales made up 9.03%. It is established that the correlation between the share of overheads total cost of sales and profitability implement direct. By increasing the proportion of indirect costs total cost of goods sold by 1% the level of profitability of realized production of grain will grow by 0,2719 %.
FORMATION OF DEBT DISCOUNT RATE: ACCOUNTING ASPECT
Authors: Oksana Oliinyk  , Valentyna Ksendzuk  , Iryna Tralo
Published: October 2020

The transformation of the accounting system is under the influence of those changes that characterize the development of new methods and approaches in the field of enterprise business management. Discounting is one such process, characterized by a number of features, including the determination of the rate and the choice of method of its application. The study of discount rate formation in the scientific literature is one of the most relevant. One of the reasons is the urgency of the issue due to changes in the regulatory documents regarding the accounting of long-term receivables at present value. Based on the analysis of the essence of the category of the term "discount rate" in the legislative documents, as well as among the approaches of foreign and Ukrainian scientists, it is determined that the discount rate is of interest and considers the risk associated with a particular cash flow. In addition, the most common methods for determining the discount rate are discussed. This allowed us to construct a mechanism for determining the discount rate for long-term receivables in the form of an appropriate algorithm, which is based on the "traditional" factors of the discount rate (inflation, profitability of money and risk factor for a specific enterprise), thus considering both the country’s financial market indicators as well as peculiarities of the entity's activities. The developed mechanism became the basis for determining the directions of changes occurring in the structure of financial reporting indicators in the accounting system. Such changes are reflected in the structure of incomes and expenses of the enterprise, because the accounting system recognizes the financial income or expense from the discounting of receivables in the form of amortization of the discount on the date of occurrence and throughout the maturity of each subsequent reporting date. The results of the study contribute to the development of both theoretical knowledge on determining the discount rate of long-term receivables, as well as practical aspects of forming a methodological approach to accounting for the components of the financial result of the enterprise.
THE CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REFORMS OF THE STATE-OWNED BANKS OF UKRAINE
Authors: Yurii Tustanovskyi  , Oksana Denys  , Nataliia Plieshakova
Published: October 2020

The main purpose of the article is to analyze the reforming process of the corporate governance of state banks in Ukraine. The research is based on the review of existing theories, statistical data and official documents. The article discloses information on financial results and provides the main activity indicators of state banks of Ukraine. It is considered the main risks of Ukrainian banking system stability, among which are the high level of the state share and the presence of poor-quality assets in the state-owned banks of Ukraine. The features of existing corporate governance of state-owned banks in Ukraine were investigated. The results of comparing the international principles of corporate governance in banks with domestic practice have made it possible to highlight the main issues of Ukrainian state banks. It has been shown that the corporate governance system in Ukrainian state banks did not correspond to the best international practices, owning to the fact that legislation determined the status, powers, composition and work principles of the board of directors locally. The consequences of the low level of corporate governance (insider lending for business of individual politicians and their associated individuals, state-owned enterprises with a low level of creditworthiness) were considered. The new approaches for corporate governance in state-owned banks, which were focus on revision of the principles and mechanism of corporate management of state-owned banks and have to change the business and operating models of state banks in order to achieve the highest efficiency of their activities, were considered. The article shows the positive aspects of reforms, as well as possible risks. The findings are useful for practitioners and researchers to gain knowledge of the implementation of corporate governance reforms in state-owned banks.
INTANGIBLE ASSETS IN THE EXTERNAL REPORTING IN UKRAINE: IMPROVEMENT OF DISCLOSURE
Authors: Iryna Budnik
Published: October 2020

The final product of an accounting information formation process on intangible assets is an enterprise's financial statement and internal (management) statement with appropriate operations details. Intangible assets and their role in assessing the effectiveness of a particular business entity are the subjects of intensive research by both foreign and Ukrainian scientists. Research of this accounting object will be relevant for the business practices in Ukraine until appropriate reporting recommendations are developed, which will reflect the real property and financial condition of the entity, which, in turn, will increase the reliability of reporting indicators and the economic attractiveness of the enterprise for potential stakeholders both in the Ukrainian and international markets. Therefore, the situation with non-disclosure of a part of the intangible assets in the company's financial statements is unacceptable, since its users expect full and reliable disclosure of information in the company's financial statements. The lack of complete and reliable information about the company does not allow its users to form an opinion and make final important decisions about the efficiency and prospects of a particular entity. Modern economic realities in developed countries and, especially in Ukraine dictate new requirements for the organization of the accounting process to manage, evaluate, and control transactions with intangible assets, which necessitates improving the organizational aspects of the accounting system in the enterprise, in particular, in terms of building an external reporting system. During the analysis of the approaches to the formation of external reporting in terms of providing information on intangible assets of the Ukrainian enterprises, as well as the nature and principles of the taxonomy of financial statements of Ukraine, recommendations on the structure and description of all components of intangible assets reporting were developed and systematized
NEOLIBERALISM AS AN APPROACH IN POSTMODERN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Oleksandr Ghromadetskyi
Published: October 2020

The article revises the neo-liberal postmodern approach to public administration within the scientific paradigm by Ch. Fox and H. Miller. Within the framework of the relevant scientific construct, the researchers identified three leading approaches (neo-liberalism, constitutionalism and communitarianism) designed to replace the outdated model of the modern (orthodox) government. The justification for the postmodern public administration could contribute to the modernization of public management practices in the world in general and in Ukraine in particular. The systematization of the imperatives of the neoliberal approach to public administration is one of the stages of the above-mentioned justification.  The purpose of the paper is to reveal the content and application potential of the neoliberal approach within postmodern public administration, to research its main ideas and tools. Methodological basis of the study consists of logical methods (synthesis, analysis, induction, etc.), as well as special ones (historical, systemic, comparative). As a result of the study, it was found that the content of the neoliberal approach to public administration deals with marketization of the public sector in order to conduct de-bureaucratization and efficiency improvements. The main tools in the process are performance evaluation and audit, contracting out, privatization, implementation of incentive system, and management. Compared with the orthodox model of public administration, the neoliberal counterpart has certain advantages, in particular, the refusal to prevail standardized rules and regulations in favor of outcomes. Nevertheless, at the same time, the neoliberal approach remains faithful to the rational traditions of reality perception. Despite significant practical results, the shortcomings of the neo-liberal postmodern model of public administration (opportunities for corruption and overestimation of the efficiency measuring system) were described.
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN FINANCING INNOVATIVE PROCESS OF AGRARIAN SECTOR UKRAINE
Authors: Ilona Dumanska
Published: October 2020

Systematized experience in implementing international development institutions and public-private partnerships to finance innovative processes in agrarian sector of Ukraine. Analyzed the activity of public-private partnerships in different countries and areas of the economy and features of legal security. It is proved that a qualitative and quantitative leap in the development of public-private partnership in the surveyed countries was achieved after the establishment of special institutions and government agencies and an effective cooperation between the state and business. The basic principles of management in the public-private partnership in the context of the effective functioning of an innovative economic model. Data on experience and problems implementing public-private partnership in Ukraine.
INFORMATION COMMUNICATION PROCESS: ORGANIZATION PROCEDURE
Authors: Olena Lagovska  , Nataliya Vyhovska  , Oksana Novak
Published: October 2020

System and cybernetic approach to the development of fundamental principles of accounting has been applied as well as its peculiarities and expediency of application in this aspect have been determined in the article. The peculiarities of accounting as an information and communication system and the necessity of conducting research in this area have been determined. Innovation approach to considering accounting as an information and communication system has been presented. The procedure of accounting communication process has been described. The set of rules in the context of stages of accounting communication process have been worked out. The information accounting flows in the context of their classification features have been described. Data generated from the worked out approaches are the bases for eliminating the entropy peculiar for this interaction process.
GLOBAL TRENDS IN MODERNIZATION OF STATE REGULATORY METHODS AND TOOLS IN ECONOMIC RELATIONS
Authors: Iaroslav Petrunenko
Published: October 2020

In an inclusive society methods and tools of public administration in various spheres of legal relations, including the branch of economic relations, require modernization, particularly, in the direction of so-called deregulation. This means that the formation of state policy in the field of economic relations management should be conducted taking into account the private law interest of economic entities, as well as social and public interests, and based on the priority application of methods and tools of economic stimulation, other private law methods and models of public administration. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify global trends for modernizing of methods and tools of state regulation in economic relations, to determine the extent of its prevalence in the domestic state regulatory policy and to elaborate proposals for the development of deregulation processes in Ukraine. The following tasks were fulfilled for the realization of the stated goal: the formation features of the state regulatory policy were determined, considering the modern conditions; the priority and efficiency of application of private law methods and tools of stimulation in the state regulation sphere in economic relations were substantiated; the proposals for modernizing of methods and tools of state regulation in economic relations in the domestic legal system were formulated. As a result of the research, the author came to the conclusion, that the main direction in modernizing methods and tools of state regulation in economic relations is the optimal combination of stimulation methods, that is, private legal methods and methods of direct management influence on economic entities.
Effects of elastic tape in pregnant women with low back pain: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chamnankrom Matchimamart , Manimmanakorn Nuttaset , Manimmanakorn Apiwan , Kongwattanakul Kiattisak , Hamlin Michael J.
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Low back pain is a common problem in pregnant woman. Elastic tape is an alternative method that may reduce low back pain. OBJECTIVES: To compare the effect of elastic tape to placebo tape in the treatment of low back pain in pregnant women. METHODS: Forty pregnant women were allocated into two groups: elastic group (n= 20) and placebo group (n= 20). All participants were taped by either stretched (elastic group) or non-stretched (placebo group) Kinesio tape at the lower back area for one week. RESULTS: After the application of stretched elastic tape, lower back pain was significantly reduced by 29.4% (p= 0.003) immediately post-taping and by a further 75.4% after wearing the tape for a week. Compared to the placebo group, lower back pain was significantly reduced in the elastic group after one week of wearing the tape (p< 0.001). Compared to placebo, the application of elastic tape significantly reduced the disability score (Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire) after one week of wearing the tape (p= 0.018). Taping to the back improved walking speed (immediately and after one week) in both the elastic (p< 0.001, p< 0.001) and placebo groups (p< 0.001, p= 0.001); however, the application of either tape had little effect on posture change. CONCLUSION: Elastic tape reduced back pain and improved physical function in pregnant women compared to the placebo tape.
An Analysis of Commitments in Ontology Language Design
Authors: Fillottrani Pablo R. , Keet C. Maria
Published: October 2020

Multiple ontology languages have been developed over the years, which brings afore two key components: how to select the appropriate language for the task at hand and language design itself. This engineering step entails examining the ontological ‘commitments’ embedded into the language, which, in turn, demands for an insight into what the effects of philosophical viewpoints may be on the design of a representation language. But what are the sort of commitments one should be able to choose from that have an underlying philosophical point of view, and which philosophical stances have a knock-on effect on the specification or selection of an ontology language? In this paper, we provide a first step towards answering these questions. We identify and analyse ontological commitments embedded in logics, or that could be, and show that they have been taken in well-known ontology languages. This contributes to reflecting on the language as enabler or inhibitor to formally characterising an ontology or an ontological investigation, as well as the design of new ontology languages following the proposed design process.
Foundations for an Ontology of Belief, Desire and Intention
Authors: Toyoshima Fumiaki , Barton Adrien , Grenier Olivier
Published: October 2020

Belief, desire, and intention are central notions in mentality and agency. We provide conceptual and formal foundations for an ontology of those mental entities. In this framework, beliefs and desires have a dual face: dispositional and occurrent. As distinct from beliefs and desires, intentions are dispositions to actions that emerge from a decision process in which occurrent beliefs and occurrent desires interact. We also discuss how our theory can be extended to some major philosophical accounts of desires, and cognitive biases such as wishful thinking.
Pluralities, Collectives, and Composites
Authors: Masolo Claudio , Vieu Laure , Ferrario Roberta , Borgo Stefano , Porello Daniele
Published: October 2020

Forests, cars and orchestras are very different ontological entities, and yet very similar in some aspects. The relationships they have with the elements they are composed of is often assumed to be reducible to standard ontological relations, like parthood and constitution, but how this could be done is still debated. This paper sheds light on the issue starting from a linguistic and philosophical analysis aimed at understanding notions like plurality, collective and composite, and proposing a formal approach to characterise them. We conclude the presentation with a discussion and analysis of social groups within this framework.
Acute effect of post activation potentiation using drop jumps on repeated sprints combined with vertical jumps in young handball players
Authors: Al Kitani Mahfoodha , Ambussaidi Ahmed , Al Busafi Majid , Al-Hadabi Badriya , Sassi Radhouane Haj , Bouhlel Ezdine , Gmada Nabil
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND:

The use of post-activation potentiation (PAP) exercises at the end of the warm-up may increase muscles nerve conduction speed and per consequent improve speed, strength and explosive power performances.

OBJECTIVE:

To assess the effect of PAP during warm-up using vertical or horizontal drop jumps on repeated sprints performance combined with countermovement jump in young handball players.

METHODS:

12 young handball players participated in this study. Participants realized 3 randomized warm-up protocols: a warm-up without PAP, a warm-up with PAP using vertical drop jumps, and a warm-up with PAP using horizontal drop jumps. After the assigned PAP protocol, the subject realized a counter movement jump as a reference value (CMJ[Formula: see text]), and thereafter repeated sprint tests with and without changing of direction (six maximal 2 [Formula: see text] 12.5 m shuttle sprints and six maximal 25 m straight sprints, respectively) combined with vertical jumping.

RESULTS:

Horizontal drop jump during warm-up showed larger improvements in repeated sprints performance with and without change of direction for the parameters best time and mean time, compared with warm up without drop jumps ([Formula: see text] 0.01) and warm up with vertical drop jumps ([Formula: see text] 0.05). Vertical drop jump performance during warm-up induced greater gains in countermovement jump reference value in comparison with warm up without drop jump ([Formula: see text] 0.01), or warm up with horizontal drop jump ([Formula: see text] 0.01).

CONCLUSION:

PAP during warm-up using horizontal drop jump improves repeated sprints performance with and without changing of direction while PAP using vertical drop jump improves CMJ reference value.
How health literacy can enhance the design and conduct of clinical trials from consent to conclusion
Authors: O’Leary Catina , Casey Chris , Webb Diane , Collyar Deborah , Pleasant Andrew
Published: October 2020

Health literacy research and interventions have provided multiple tools to improve communication between professionals and patients in clinical contexts for many years. Despite the reality that many patients participate in clinical trials in conjunction with standard medical care, only recently have efforts extended to address and improve the health literacy of both clinical trial researchers and participants. To date, the primary focus of health literacy activities in clinical trials has centered on communicating trial results to trial participants. This report describes the opportunities and strategies necessary to layer health literacy activities across the clinical trial process from consent to conclusion.
Detection of Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly with a Low Educational Level Using a Reaction-Time Attention Task
Authors: Schmidt Guilherme J. , Boechat Yolanda Eliza Moreira , van Duinkerken Eelco , Schmidt Juliana J. , Moreira Tayssa B. , Nicaretta Denise H. , Schmidt Sergio L.
Published: October 2020

Background: Scales for cognitive deterioration usually depend on education level. Objective: We aimed to study the clinical utility of a culture-free Go/No-Go task in a multi-ethnic cohort with low education level. Methods: Sixty-four participants with less than 4 years of formal education were included and divided on the basis of their Clinical-Dementia-Rate scores (CDR) into cognitively unimpaired (CDR = 0), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; CDR = 0.5), and early Alzheimer’s disease (AD, CDR = 1). All underwent a 90-s Continuous Visual Attention Test. This test consisted of a 90-s Go/No-go task with 72 (80%) targets and 18 (20%) non-targets. For each participant, reaction times and intraindividual variability of reaction times of all correct target responses, as well as the number of omission and commission errors were evaluated. Coefficient of variability was calculated for each participant by dividing the standard deviation of the reaction times by the mean reaction time. A MANCOVA was performed to examine between-group differences using age and sex as covariates. Discriminate analysis was performed to find the most reliable test-variable to discriminate the three groups. Results: Commission error, intraindividual variability of reaction time, and coefficient of variability progressively worsened with increasing CDR level. Discriminant analysis demonstrated that coefficient of variability was the best discriminant factor, followed by intraindividual variability of reaction time and commission error. Conclusion: The Go/No-Go task was able to discriminate people with MCI or early AD from controls in the setting of illiteracy.
Image segmentation algorithm based on partial differential equation
Authors: Cui Di
Published: October 2020

Image segmentation is very important for various fields. With the development of computer technology, computer technology has become more and more effective for image segmentation, and it is studied on the basis of partial differential equations. The curve representation method in plane differential geometry is expounded, with the SegNet-v2 segmentation model analyzed and tested in medical image segmentation. The test results show that the partial differential equation image segmentation algorithm can achieve more accurate segmentation, especially in medical image segmentation, which can achieve good results, and it is worth in practice to further promote.
Diffusion and economic growth fuzzy intelligent system based on DSGE model
Authors: Liu Shuqiang , Zhao Dawei
Published: October 2020

In general, there are a lot of uncertainties in uncertain information, natural language, and human knowledge. The conclusion can be better deduced by using an approximate reasoning method, while a fuzzy intelligent system can deal with uncertain data and rule evaluation information systems. In order to better explore diffusion and economic growth, this paper constructs a fuzzy intelligent system based on the DSGE model and uses this system to analyze diffusion and economic growth. In order to verify the feasibility of this system, we test the response time and accuracy of the system. In addition, we also use the system to simulate diffusion and economic growth. The results show that with the increase of the task amount, the gap between the actual response time and the expected response time of the fuzzy intelligent system based on the DSGE model increases. When the task quantity is 20, the expected response time is 2.31 and the actual response time is 2.24. When the task quantity is 40, the expected response time is 2.5 and the actual response time is 2.36. The larger the task quantity is, the faster the response time of a fuzzy intelligent system based on the DSEG model is. Therefore, the fuzzy intelligent system based on the DSEG model has good performance and can analyze diffusion and economic growth well.
Real time evaluation algorithm of human motion in tennis training robot
Authors: Wang Yingying , Zhang Yongzhi
Published: October 2020

Tennis is a set of sports and entertainment and a sports activity, since 2014, tennis in China has been another rapid development. With the development of economy and technology, tennis training mode has been further optimized and reformed. At present, tennis training robot is the mainstream way to train athletes. However, there are some defects in the current tennis training robots, such as the low accuracy of human motion real-time evaluation, and the lack of stability. Therefore, this paper puts forward the related research on the real-time evaluation algorithm of human motion in tennis training robots, hoping to make up for the deficiency in this field. The research of this paper is mainly divided into four parts. The first part is to analyze the current situation of technology research in this field and put forward the idea of this paper by analyzing the shortcomings of the existing technology. The second part is the related basic theory research; this part deeply studies the core theory of tennis training and intelligent training robot, which provides a theoretical basis for the realization of the optimization scheme. The third part is the design and implementation of a real-time human motion evaluation optimization algorithm for tennis training robots. At the end of the paper, that is, the fourth part, through the way of field test and investigation, further proves the superiority of the improved real-time evaluation algorithm of human movement. The algorithm has good stability and accuracy and can meet the existing tennis training requirements.
Multistage decision approach for short life cycle products using Pythagorean fuzzy set
Authors: Mahboob Aamir , Rashid Tabasam
Published: October 2020

In this paper, a multistage decision-making problem concerning uncertainty and ambiguity is discussed using Pythagorean fuzzy sets. Complement Pythagorean fuzzy membership grades and their properties are also considered. Using the definition of an alpha-level set, we introduce the multistage decision-making problems, where the possibility theory and satisfaction grades are declared with the help of Pythagorean membership grades. Pythagorean multistage decision-making is an uncertain theory, where decision-maker has only one opportunity to choose the scenario under the combination of Pythagorean possibility and satisfaction grades at each stage. According to the selection of criteria, a series of decision points are concluded. The payoff collaborates with these decision points at each stage. The multistage decision-making using Pythagorean fuzzy sets is the scenario-based theory in place of other theories like lottery-based theory etc. The results have been calculated using multistage Pythagorean fuzzy sets in which the decision-maker has only one chance to select the optimal solution. The TOPSIS technique has been applied and the comparison between these two techniques is highlighted.
Test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change of the Balance Evaluation Systems Test and its two abbreviated versions in persons with mild to moderate spinocerebellar ataxia: A pilot study
Authors: Kondo Yuki , Bando Kyota , Ariake Yosuke , Katsuta Wakana , Todoroki Kyoko , Nishida Daisuke , Mizuno Katsuhiro , Takahashi Yuji
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: The reliability of the evaluation of the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) and its two abbreviated versions are confirmed for balance characteristics and reliability. However, they are not utilized in cases of spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA). OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change (MDC) of the BESTest and its abbreviated versions in persons with mild to moderate spinocerebellar ataxia. METHODS: The BESTest was performed in 20 persons with SCA at baseline and one month later. The scores of the abbreviated version of the BESTest were determined from the BESTest scores. The interclass correlation coefficient (1,1) was used as a measure of relative reliability. Furthermore, we calculated the MDC in the BESTest and its abbreviated versions. RESULTS: The intraclass correlation coefficients (1,1) and MDC at 95% confidence intervals were 0.92, 8.7(8.1%), 0.91, 4.1(14.5%), and 0.81, 5.2(21.6%) for the Balance, Mini-Balance, and Brief-Balance Evaluation Systems Tests, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The BESTest and its abbreviated versions had high test-retest reliability. The MDC values of the BESTest could enable clinicians and researchers to interpret changes in the balance of patients with SCA more precisely.
Pediatric telerehabilitation medicine: Making your virtual visits efficient, effective and fun
Authors: Rabatin Amy E. , Lynch Mary E. , Severson Matthew C. , Brandenburg Joline E. , Driscoll Sherilyn W.
Published: October 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated many changes in medicine including the transition from providing care in person to providing care via technology enabled telemedicine. The benefits of telemedicine visits with a Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM) provider, also known as telerehabilitation medicine visits, are numerous. Telerehabilitation medicine provides an opportunity to deliver timely, patient and family-centric rehabilitation care while maintaining physical distance and reducing potential COVID-19 exposure for our patients, their caregivers and medical providers. Telerehabilitation medicine also allows for access to PRM care in rural areas or areas without medical specialty, virtual in-home equipment evaluation, and reduced travel burden. Because of these and many other benefits, telerehabilitation medicine will likely become part of our ongoing model of care if barriers to telemedicine continue to be lowered or removed. This paper is intended to establish a foundation for pediatric telerehabilitation medicine visit efficiency and effectiveness in our current environment and into the future.
Cholelithiasis: epidemiological data, key aspects of the pathogenesis and comorbidity, relevant therapeutic targets
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Nikitin I.G. ,   National Medical Research Center «Treatment and Rehabilitation Center», Moscow, Russian Federation, Volnukhin A.V. ,   Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   JSC Pharmstandard, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2020

The article is devoted to current scientific data on the cholelithiasis pathogenesis and opportunities for optimizing litholytic therapy. It is shown that cholelithiasis should be considered as a topical manifestation of systemic disorders of metabolic and inflammatory genesis throughout the body. The article shows the key role in the development of its insulin resistance, imbalanced cholesterol and bile acid metabolism, biliary dyskinesia, and the production of inflammatory mediators. There are factors that cause cholelithiasis comorbidity with cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, gastrointestinal cancer of various localization, and liver diseases. The role of cholelithiasis as a risk factor and a criterion for an adverse prognosis is justified. Pathogenetically justified method for improving oral litholysis, which provides a complex therapy effect, is considered; the rationality of using a fixed combination of ursodeoxycholic acid and glycyrrhizic acid is justified. KEYWORDS: gallstone disease, cholelithiasis, cholesterol stones, oral litholysis, ursodeoxycholic acid, glycyrrhizic acid, complex therapy, metabolic disorders. FOR CITATION: Nikitin I.G., Volnukhin A.V. Cholelithiasis: epidemiological data, key aspects of the pathogenesis and comorbidity, relevant therapeutic targets. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(5):290–296. DOI: 10.32364/2587–6821–2020–4-5-290-296.
Changes in intestinal microbiota as a cause and potential therapeutic target in constipation syndrome
Authors:   North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Oganezova I.A. , Medvedeva O.I. ,   North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: October 2020

Human intestinal microbiota is an evolutionary set of microorganisms that exists as a balanced microecological system providing homeostasis of the macroorganism necessary for maintaining health. Changes in the intestinal microbiota can contribute to the occurrence of various gastrointestinal disorders, including constipation syndrome. The intestinal microbiota is one of the main moderators of the association between the intestine and the nervous system, taking an active part in the neuroendocrine regulation of motor skills. Сlinical study results indicated the presence of specific changes in the intestinal microbiota in chronic constipation and demonstrated the possibility of using probiotics for intestinal transit time correlation. The main representative of the human normal flora are microorganisms of the Bifidobacterium genus, which quantitative or specific changes are observed in various intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. Many of the intestinal microbiota effects are strain-specific, suggesting the potential role of certain probiotic strains as possible adjuvant drugs for targeted therapy. This review aims at providing the most complete information on the action mechanisms of the gastrointestinal microbiota (in particular representatives of the Bifidobacterium genus) on the intestinal motor function and therapeutic possibilities of probiotic strains in the targeted correlation of delayed intestinal transit. KEYWORDS: intestinal microbiota, constipation, probiotics, Bifidobacteria, homeostasis, intestinal motility. FOR CITATION: Oganezova I.A., Medvedeva O.I. Changes in intestinal microbiota as a cause and potential therapeutic target in constipation syndrome. Russian Medical Review. 2020;4(5):302–307. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-5-302-307.
Modern methods to follow-up of obese patient
Authors:   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation, Akhmedov V.A. , Gudim A.S. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation
Published: October 2020

Obesity and its concomitant diseases preserve to be an urgent problem of modern medicine, as they are widespread worldwide and lead to negative medical, social and economic consequences that damage both patients and the state. The article presents statistical data reflecting the situation of obesity in Russia, describes the risk factors of obesity, highlights modern methods to follow-up of patients with obesity (e.g., correction of lifestyle and nutrition with the calorie control, change in physical activity, the use of pharmacological drugs and conducting various types of bariatric interventions). It is noted that the key factors that prevent the obesity development and control the body weight are rational nutrition (taking into account individual health problem), compliance with the principles of moderation, diversity, and dietary intake. Besides, it may be useful to practice wellness techniques (e.g., callanetics), which help to reduce and normalize body weight and develop concentration and stress tolerance. Special attention is paid to the obesity effect on the course of COVID-19 infection, which causes higher susceptibility and the development of severe complications. KEYWORDS: obesity, overweight, risk factor, rational nutrition, diet, physical activity. FOR CITATION: Akhmedov V.A., Gudim A.S. Modern methods to follow-up of obese patient. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(5):308–313. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-5-308-313.
Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infestation among Pre-school Children in Skardu, Pakistan
Authors: Afridi Muhammad Faisal , Khushdil Arshad , Farhat Kulsoom , Ahmed Zaheer , Ahmed Hajra , Ali Shabana
Published: October 2020

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) reports that around 270 million pre-school children and over six hundred million school children are likely to be infested with one or more types of the intestinal worms. The helminthic infestations are indicators of the low socioeconomic status, lack of education, lack of good hygienic conditions and inaccessibility to potable water. Our study aimed to estimate prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among 1 to 5 years old children residing in the district Skardu of Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan.
Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out on pre-school children of the district Skardu from August 2016 to January 2017. A sample of 300 children was obtained using non-probability convenience sampling technique. Demographical data was obtained through the structured questionnaire. The stool sample was collected and examined for intestinal parasites. The data was analysed using SPSS.
Results: The prevalent intestinal helminths were found to be Ascaris Lumbricoides, Cryptosporidium , Hymenolepis Nana and Giardia with proportion of 22.33% , 14.0% , 9.3% and 8.0% respectively in our study population. 85% children of the sample belonged to low or lower middle socio-economic (SE) groups; correspondingly, increased prevalence of intestinal helminthic infestation was noted in the same SE groups.
Conclusion: A high prevalence of these parasitic infections have been found in the children in Sakardu, which increases with age as the children start eating by themselves.