bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La trata de personas con fines de explotación laboral y trabajos forzados
Authors: Ávila Salcedo Luis Fernando
Published: September 2019

El presente artículo aborda la problemática de la trata de personas en dos de susmodalidades, la explotación laboral y el trabajo o servicios forzados como losefectos que, estos pudieran tener en el ámbito del derecho del trabajo y la seguridadsocial, formulados desde la configuración de una relación de trabajo, paralo cual se analiza la naturaleza jurídica de éste, sus características, la calidad dequien lo presta en cuanto persona y su dignidad, así como situaciones especialesque lo hacen más vulnerable en condición de migrante, para lo cual el marcoconstitucional en referencia, los derechos humanos y los criterios de la OrganizaciónInternacional del Trabajo resultan fundamentales para su entendimiento. Seplantea hipotéticamente para su ejercicio la creación de una jurisdicción especialpara conocimiento simultáneo y resolución de la causa penal y laboral.
Pengaruh E-Banking dan Good Corporate Governance terhadap Kinerja Perbankan di Indonesia
Authors: Murti Wisnu Handoyo
Published: September 2019

This study aims to examine the effect of e-banking and the implication of good corpoarte governance on banks performance. The rapid movement of digital technology in dealing with transaction provides both challange and opportunities. Banks, should understand the digital trend to survive in digital era, while the good corporate governance practice will impact banks performance through planning strategies and decision making. This paper use panel regression to analyze the data, and banks that listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange is used as sample. The result indicates that e-banking, board size, and institutional ownership do not statistically significant in influencing banks performance. While ownership concentration and independent commissioner has positive effect on banks performance.
Model Altman Z-Score Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan di Bursa Efek Indonesia Melalui Pendekatan Regresi Logistik
Authors: Fitri Nurul , Zannati Rachma
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study is to confirm the determinants of financial performance on the condition of financial distress companies through the Altman Model (Z-score) approach. The sample in this study is a manufacturing industry sub-sector company which is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2013 to 2017. The analysis technique of this study uses logistic regression analysis, and the findings prove that the Current Ratio and Debt to Equity Ratio cannot predict the condition of Financial Distress. Whereas Return On Assets can predict Financial Distress in manufacturing companies. The implications of this finding can contribute to companies in maintaining financialperformance stability so as to avoid financial distress.
Pengaruh dana pihak ketiga, kecukupan modal dan penyaluran kredit terhadap profitabilitas bank
Authors: Parenrengi Sudarmin , Hendratni Tyahya Whisnu
Published: September 2019

This study aims to provide empirical evidence about the effect of DPK (Third Party Funds), CAR (Capital Adequacy Ratio), LDR (Loan to Deposit Ratio), and BOPO (Operating Expenses to Operating Income) on the profitability (ROA) of state banks. The multiple linear regression with classic assumption test was used to hypothesis testing. The results showed that DPK, LDR, and BOPO had a positive and significant effect on ROA, while CAR has no significantly effect. Among all the independent variables studied, DPK is the dominant variable affecting ROA, and, ROA can explained by the variables studied at 81.4% while the remainder was explained by other factors not included in the study.
Pengaruh kemudahan penggunaan, kepercayaan konsumen dan kreativitas iklan terhadap minat beli konsumen online-shop
Authors: Khotimah Khusnul , Febriansyah Febriansyah
Published: September 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of ease of use, consumer trust and advertising creativity on consumer buying interest in online buying and selling sites, Bukalapak.com. This study uses a quantitative approach by conducting surveys and tests on 115 respondents. In the data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The testing technique using the help of the SPSS 22 system. The results of hypothesis testing (t test) which shows that the variables of consumer trust and advertising creativity have a significant effect on the performance variable. But the ease of use variable has no significant effect on performance variables. The conclusion of this study is that consumer trust and advertising creativity are the most dominant variables for buying interest.
Pengaruh bauran promosi dan brand awareness terhadap minat beli topi kulit eervoleather
Authors: Bahrunsyah Muhammad Anza , Iskandar Donant Alananto
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this research is to understand the influence of major promotions and brand awareness towardspurchase intention Eervoleather hat. The research is a quantitative research using the SPSS Statistik 20 program with 111 respondents which are students of General Soedirman Unversity who haveknown promotion activity from Eervoleather by using nonprobability sampling technique and Incidental Sampling. The result of hypothesis analysis show that promotion mix influence significantly to purchase intention; brand awareness influence significantly topurchase intention; and promotion mix and brand awareness have significant effect simultaneously to purchase intention.
Peranan marketing public relations Bukalapak.com dalam mempertahankan brand reputation melalui kegiatan integrated marketing communications
Authors: Haryanti Astrid , Ratna Sari Siti Dewi Sri
Published: September 2019

This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive research by describing each activity of IMC strategy which had been carried out by Bukalapak.com’s MPR. The primary data collecting methods used semi structured interviews and non-participant observation. The secondary data used company profile, news from internet and journals. The data method analysis in this study used coding techniques with open coding, axial coding and selective coding. To validate the data, this study used triangulation technique by using the source. The results of this study is the MPR of Bukalapak.com used several integrated marketing communication activities such as advertising, public relations, sales promotions, sponsorship, interactive marketing, direct marketing and personal selling to maintain the brand reputation as a leading e-commerce company in Indonesia.
Pengaruh motivasi, kepuasan kerja, dan kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT. XYZ
Authors: Adiyasa Nikolas Ivan Waskita , Windayanti Windayanti
Published: September 2019

This study aims to determine whether there is influence between motivation, job satisfaction, and leadership on employee performance of PT XYZ. This research uses a quantitative approach by distributing questionnaires to 45 employees of PT XYZ. The result shows that motivation and leadership have a significant effect on employee performanc, but job satisfaction variable has no significant effect. The implication of this finding is that increasing leadership capacity and motivation simultaneously can be determinants of employee performance.
Pengaruh citra merek, persepsi kualitas produk dan persepsi harga pada kepuasan pelanggan serta dampaknya terhadap loyalitas pelanggan
Authors: Kristianto Agustinus Dwi , Wahyudi Triyono Arief
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study is to build a model that explains various interactions between brand image, perceived quality, perceive price, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty as well as empirical proof of the model that has been developed. This study through a survey of 120 male and female respondents aged 17-50 years and has been consuming the product in the last 3 months. This study model will be analyzed using SEM and data from the survey is processed using SPSS 20. The result of the hypothesis test shows that there is significant influence between brand image, perceive of quality product and perceive price on customer satisfaction. Also, there is a significant influence on customer satisfaction on customer loyalty.
Pengaruh Penguasaan Mata Kuliah Etika Bisnis Islam Terhadap Perilaku Konsumsi Mahasiswa
Authors: Fatimatuzzahro Lina , Santoso Lukman
Published: September 2019

Purpose- This study aims to discuss (1) how the analysis of the influence of mastery of Islamic business ethics courses on consumption behavior of students of Islamic economics majors at IAIN Ponorogo (2) how the consumption behavior of students in Islamic economics is viewed from Islamic business ethics.

Methods- The mix-method was used in this study. Data collection was carried out by distributing and interviewing students in the 6th semester of Islamic economics majors in class A, B, C and D with a total sample of 54 respondents and 3 speakers. Data analysis using simple linear regression analysis.

Findings- Findings- The analysis shows that the mastery of Islamic business ethics has non significant effect on student consumption behavior. Secondly, student consumption behavior prioritizes consuming goods that are basic needs, goods that are lawful and good, goods that are simple, useful and not arbitrary (excessive) and tabdzir

Research implications- This study is useful for understanding consumption behavior based on Islamic business ethics, especially for students. The implications of the study can be used as a basis for understanding consumer behavior in general, but are still limited to student objects so that further studies can develop a broader area of study.
Characterization of Low-mass K2 Planet Hosts Using Near-infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Martínez Romy Rodríguez , Ballard Sarah , Mayo Andrew , Vanderburg Andrew , Montet Benjamin T. , Christiansen Jessie L.
Published: September 2019

We present moderate resolution near-infrared spectra in the H, J, and K band of M-dwarf hosts to candidate transiting exoplanets discovered by NASA’s K2 mission. We employ known empirical relationships between spectral features and physical stellar properties to measure the effective temperature, radius, metallicity, and luminosity of our sample. Out of an initial sample of 56 late-type stars in K2, we identify 35 objects as M dwarfs. For that subsample, we derive temperatures ranging from 2870 to 4187 K, radii of 0.09–0.83 R
⊙, luminosities of

, and [Fe/H] metallicities between −0.49 and 0.51 dex. We then employ the stellar properties derived from spectra, in tandem with the K2 light curves, to characterize their planets. We report 33 exoplanet candidates with orbital periods ranging from 0.19 to 21.16 days, and median radii and equilibrium temperatures of 2.3 R
⊕ and 986 K, respectively. Using planet mass–radius relationships from the literature, we identify seven exoplanets as potentially rocky, although we conclude that probably none reside in the habitable zone of their parent stars.
Hydrogen Emission in Type II White-light Solar Flares
Authors: Procházka Ondřej , Reid Aaron , Mathioudakis Mihalis
Published: September 2019

Type II white-light flares (WLFs) have weak Balmer line emission and no Balmer jump. We carried out a set of radiative hydrodynamic simulations to understand how the hydrogen radiative losses vary with the electron-beam parameters and more specifically with the low-energy cutoff. Our results have revealed that for low-energy beams, the excess flare Lyman emission diminishes with increasing low-energy cutoff as the energy deposited into the top chromosphere is low compared to the energy deposited into the deeper layers. Some Balmer excess emission is always present and is driven primarily by direct heating from the beam with a minor contribution from Lyman continuum backwarming. The absence of Lyman excess emission in electron-beam driven models with high low-energy cutoff is a prominent spectral signature of type II WLFs.
Discovery of Strongly Inverted Metallicity Gradients in Dwarf Galaxies at z ∼ 2
Authors: Wang Xin , Jones Tucker A. , Treu Tommaso , Hirtenstein Jessie , Brammer Gabriel B. , Daddi Emanuele , Meng Xiao-Lei , Morishita Takahiro , Abramson Louis E. , Henry Alaina L. , Peng Ying-jie , Schmidt Kasper B. , Sharon Keren , Trenti Michele , Vulcani Benedetta
Published: September 2019

We report the first measurements with sub-kiloparsec spatial resolution of strongly inverted gas-phase metallicity gradients in two dwarf galaxies at z ∼ 2. The galaxies have stellar masses ∼109

, specific star formation rate ∼20 Gyr−1, and global metallicity

(1/4 solar), assuming the strong-line calibrations of [O iii]/Hβ and [O ii]/Hβ from Maiolino et al. Their radial metallicity gradients are measured to be highly inverted, i.e., 0.122 ± 0.008 and 0.111 ± 0.017 dex kpc−1, which is hitherto unseen at such small masses in similar redshift ranges. From the Hubble Space Telescope observations of the source nebular emission and stellar continuum, we present two-dimensional spatial maps of star formation rate surface density, stellar population age, and gas fraction, which show that our galaxies are currently undergoing rapid mass assembly via disk inside-out growth. More importantly, using a simple chemical evolution model, we find that the gas fractions for different metallicity regions cannot be explained by pure gas accretion. Our spatially resolved analysis based on a more advanced gas regulator model results in a spatial map of net gaseous outflows, triggered by active central starbursts, that potentially play a significant role in shaping the spatial distribution of metallicity by effectively transporting stellar nucleosynthesis yields outwards. The relation between wind mass loading factors and stellar surface densities measured in different regions of our galaxies shows that a single type of wind mechanism, driven by either energy or momentum conservation, cannot explain the entire galaxy. These sources present a unique constraint on the effects of gas flows on the early phase of disk growth from the perspective of spatially resolved chemical evolution within individual systems.
Detection of Crystalline and Fine-grained Calcic Plagioclases on Vesta
Authors: Palomba E. , D’Aversa E. , Sato T. M. , Longobardo A. , Dirri F. , Aoki S. , Orton G. , Sindoni G. , Oliva F. , Carrozzo G. , Kasaba Y.
Published: September 2019

Plagioclase feldspars are among the most prevalent minerals in the solar system, and are present in many chondritic and achondritic meteorite families. Nevertheless, spectral features of plagioclases have never been unambiguously and directly observed in remote observations of asteroids. We report here the detection of an absorption band at 12.2 μm on Vesta spectra provided by ground-based spectral observations at the Subaru Telescope. This signature represents the first direct evidence of a widespread presence of crystalline Ca-rich plagioclase on Vesta and reveals that its regolith is comminuted to a very fine grain size, smaller than a few tens of microns, indicating that the mechanical brecciation process has been very effective. The crystalline nature of plagioclase strongly suggests that impacts alone cannot be the sole mechanism for regolith formation on Vesta and a milder process, such as thermal fatigue, should be invoked as an important and concomitant process Thermal fatigue should be considered a very effective process in regolith production and rejuvenation not only for near-Earth asteroids but even for large asteroids located in the main belt.
Radio Continuum Emission from Local Analogs of High-z Faint LAEs: Blueberry Galaxies
Authors: Sebastian Biny , Bait Omkar
Published: September 2019

We present a radio continuum study of a population of extremely young and starburst galaxies, termed as blueberries at ∼1 GHz using the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope. We find that their radio-based star formation rate (SFR) is suppressed by a factor of ∼3.4 compared to the SFR based on optical emission lines. This might be due to (i) the young ages of these galaxies as a result of which a stable equilibrium via feedback from supernovae has not yet been established; (ii) escape of cosmic-ray electrons via diffusion or galactic-scale outflows. The estimated nonthermal fraction in these galaxies has a median value of ∼0.49, which is relatively lower than that in normal star-forming galaxies at such low frequencies. Their inferred equipartition magnetic field has a median value of 27 μG, which is higher than those in more evolved systems like spiral galaxies. Such high magnetic fields suggest that small-scale dynamo rather than large-scale dynamo mechanisms might be playing a major role in amplifying magnetic fields in these galaxies.
Prospective Study of Photorefractive Keratectomy for Myopia Using the VISX StarS2 Excimer Laser System
Authors: Stevens Julian , Giubilei Marco , Ficker Linda , Rosen Paul
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and predictability of excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for compound myopic astigmatism using the VISX StarS2 excimer laser system with international version 3.1 software.

METHODS: We report a prospective consecutive study of myopic excimer laser PRK, performed in a multi-surgeon environment with 200 eyes of 117 patients, to correct naturally occurring compound myopic astigmatism of between -0.50 to -5.90 D manifest refractive sphere and up to -3.50 D manifest refractive astigmatism. Patients were assessed prior to surgery and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment.

RESULTS: One hundred and ninety-eight of 200 treatments (99%) were reviewed 1 year after surgery; 193 of 198 eyes (97%) achieved 20/40 or better uncorrected visual acuity and 163 of 198 eyes (82%) achieved 20/20 or better. One eye lost two lines of Snellen visual acuity assessed at 12 months but recovered acuity when assessed at 18 months. Mean spherical equivalent corneal plane power was reduced from -3.50 to +0.90 D 1 month after treatment and 0 D at 12 months (SD 0.67 D). Three eyes of three patients underwent further treatment, two with LASDX and one with PRK for residual refractive error. Refractive astigmatism of >1.00 D was reduced from a mean -1.70 to -0.70 D at 1 year after treatment. Vector magnitude was 79% of that intended and mean vector axis error (absolute) was 8.5°. No eye had a severe haze response. Pelli-Robson contrast acuity was significantly reduced after treatment from a mean 1.72 D preoperatively to 1.63 D at 12 months (P<.01).

CONCLUSIONS: PRK for myopia using the VISX StarS2 excimer laser system was effective in the treatment of low myopic astigmatism, although there was a significant reduction in Pelli-Robson contrast sensitivity. [J Refract Surg 2002; 18: 502-5083
Technologie céramique et Histoire à Koumbi Saleh : premiers résultats, premiers enjeux
Authors: van Doosselaere Barbara
Published: September 2019

Les travaux archéologiques entrepris à Koumbi Saleh ont permis de distinguer plusieurs phases d’occupation comprises entre les VIIIe et XVe siècles. Le matériel associé, notamment la céramique, témoigne d’une homogénéité et d’une stabilité culturelle inattendues. Les données technologiques récemment acquises sur le matériel céramique montrent cependant une importante variabilité. Les résultats de l’analyse, par la mise en évidence de certaines discontinuités ayant marqué les industries céramiques, ont conduit à remanier le schéma typologique initialement proposé. Ces discontinuités s’inscrivent dans un cadre plus général de changements marquant l’ensemble de la séquence archéologique. Et ceci à un moment d’autant plus crucial qu’ils correspondent à de larges bouleversements historiques d’ordre politique et socio-économique.
Management of pericarditis
Authors: Para Ombretta , Blasi Eleonora , Finocchi Martina , Ciarambino Tiziana , Florenzi Chiara , Carrara Davide , Benetti Elisabetta , Frualdo Mariella , Brucato Antonio
Published: September 2019

Pericarditis is an inflammatory syndrome involving pericardium, which is a double-walled sac consisting of two leaves, a serous visceral layer in contact with the myocardium (pericardium) and a parietal fibrous one, delimiting a cavity (pericardial cavity) containing pericardial fluid. Pericarditis may occur isolated or as a manifestation of a systemic disorder. Diagnosis and correct management of pericarditis can be difficult and its natural history is often characterized by a lot of relapses. Treatment of acute pericarditis should target the underlying etiology. The diagnosis is based on characteristic clinical findings, electrocardiogram, and echocardiography. The goals of treatment are relief of pain, resolution of inflammation (and, if present, pericardial effusion), and prevention of recurrence. Despite a significant impairment of the quality of life, pericarditis usually has good long-term outcomes.
Gender differences in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Can be the DRG-based diagnosis the best way for a right analysis?
Authors: Nicolini Antonello , Garuti Giancarlo , Perazzo Tommaso , Banfi Paolo , Clini Enrico
Published: September 2019

Not available
Medical management of Crohn’s disease: state of the art and future perspectives
Authors: Macaluso Fabio Salvatore
Published: September 2019

Over the past decade, the improvement in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of Crohn’s disease (CD) led to the development of more targeted therapies, including biologics - i.e. monoclonal antibodies that selectively block key mediators of inflammation - and novel small molecule drugs - i.e. compounds with a molecular weight <1 kDa able to diffuse through cell membranes and then fit for the oral route of administration - which will enrich the therapeutic armamentarium of CD soon. In parallel with the expansion of the medical options, the therapeutic targets to be achieved in patients with CD have changed. In particular, we moved from the simple control of symptoms to more ambitious goals which aim to permanently extinguish the inflammation, even the subclinical one. As a consequence, the role of some of the conventional drugs which have been used in CD for several years, such as 5-aminosalicylates and conventional immunosuppressants, is becoming more limited in favor of these new drugs. This profound modification of CD therapy and the intrinsic complexity of the disease are relevant to the point that the management of inflammatory bowel diseases is gradually becoming a subspecialty in the field of gastroenterology or internal medicine.
Symplectic instanton homology: naturality, and maps from cobordisms
Authors: Cazassus Guillem
Published: September 2019

We prove that Manolescu and Woodward’s symplectic instanton homology, and its twisted versions, are natural; and definemaps associated to four dimensional cobordisms within this theory.

This allows one to define representations of the mapping class group, the fundamental group and the first cohomology group with

\mathbb Z_2

coefficients of a 3-manifold. We also provide a geometric interpretation of the maps appearing in the long exact sequence for symplectic instanton homology, together with vanishing criterions.
The study of viscosity-temperature dependence and activation energy for palm oil and soybean oil
Authors: Ike E
Published: September 2019

In fluid transport, precise knowledge or estimation of fluids behaviour is very necessary, for mass flow and heat transfer computations. In this study, physicochemical analysis of palm oil and soybean oil were conducted, in addition to an equation modeling the relationship between the energy (Ea) and the pre-exponential factor (A). Later, two other parameters; the Arrhenius temperature (T) and Arrhenius activation temperature (T*) were introduced to buttress the veracity of the model used. The model is very useful in engineering since it would make for the estimation of the missing parameter value and its derivatives. The goodness of the result is strongly reinforced by the regression coefficient. The results indicate that the model which best fits the major defining parameters are logarithmic in nature. All the parameters studied showed that the two oil samples are good feedstock for biodiesel production and confirms their relevance in electric voltage transformers.Keywords: Physicochemical, Viscosity, Arrhenius Parameters, Equation Modeling, Temperature, Vegetable Oil
Anthropometric study of the cranial parameters using Computed Tomography (CT) scan to establish cephalic index of a sampled population in Calabar, Nigeria
Authors: Paulinus Samson O. , Mba Eru E. , Ukpong Ekaete V. , Archibong Bassey E. , Udoh Benjamin E. , Egom Akwa E. , Ani Charles C. , Ebong Peace T. , Okoro Ulu U. , Igiri Anozeng O. , Egbe Nneoyi O.
Published: September 2019

Background: Ethnic characteristics of individuals are best described with the skull. Cranial index is one of the most important variables for determining sexual dimorphism and of course racial differences. Parameters used in establishing cephalic index vary considerably depending on the age, sex, geographical habitat, ethnic background of the individuals involved and the methods employed. Such has not been documented in Calabar, especially with the use of advanced imaging modality such as the Computed Tomography (CT) scans. This is the rationale of the study.Objective: To determine the cephalic index of Nigerians residing in Calabar using CT scan.Materials and Methods: A total of 200 cranial Brivo 385 16 slice CT scan images of Nigerians aged from 18 to 87 years were obtained from the Asi-Ukpo Diagnostic Medical Centre Calabar. A simple random probability sampling technique was employed. Variables measured were the Maximum Cranial Length (MCL), Maximum Cranial Width (MCW), Bizygomatic Length (BZL) and the Orbital Length (OBL). The cephalic index was obtained by measuring the ratio of the maximum head width (MCW) or the Biparietal Diameter (BPD) to maximum head length (MCL) or the antero-posterior diameter then multiplied by 100.Results: Cranial length was 182.9 ± 0.657mm in males and 178.53 ± 0.09mm in females. Cranial width was 138.59 ± 0.56mm in males and 137.21 ± 0.65mm in females. The orbital length was 34.35 ± 0.31mm in males and 33.37 ± 0.29mm in females while bizygomatic length was 130 ± 0.31mm in males and 127.54 ± 0.84mm in females. Cranial index was 76.09mm in males and 75.81mm in females. No significant difference between males and females of the study population as the subject appears to be largely mesocephalic (p<0.05).Conclusion: Cranial index of the study sampled population is majorly mesocephalic. Therefore, CT scan is very important a tool in the assessment of cranial parameters in anthropometry.Keywords: Anthropometry, Calabar, Cranial index, Computed Tomography, Mesocephalic
Ozone profile climatology for remote sensing retrieval algorithms
Authors: Yang Kai , Liu Xiong
Published: September 2019

Abstract. New ozone (O3) profile climatologies are created from the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (MERRA-2) O3 record between 2005 and 2016, within the period of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) and Aura Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) assimilation. These two climatologies consist of monthly mean O3 profiles and the corresponding covariances dependent on the local solar time, longitude (15∘), and latitude (10∘), which are parameterized by tropopause pressure and total O3 column. They are validated through comparisons, which show good agreements with previous O3 profile climatologies. Compared to a monthly zonal mean climatology, both tropopause- and column-dependent climatologies provide improved a priori information for profile and total O3 retrievals from remote sensing measurements. Furthermore, parameterization of the O3 profile with total column O3 usually reduces the natural variability of the resulting climatological profile in the upper stratosphere further than the tropopause parameterization, which usually performs better in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). Therefore tropopause-dependent climatology is more appropriate for profile O3 retrieval for complementing the vertical resolution of backscattered ultraviolet (UV) spectra, while the column-dependent climatology is more suited for use in total O3 retrieval algorithms, with an advantage of complete profile specification without requiring ancillary information. Compared to previous column-dependent climatologies, the new MERRA-2 column-dependent climatology better captures the diurnal, seasonal, and spatial variations and dynamical changes in O3 profiles with higher resolutions in O3, latitude, longitude, and season. The new MERRA-2 climatologies contain the first quantitative characterization of O3 profile covariances, which facilitate a new approach to improve O3 profiles using the most probable patterns of profile adjustments represented by the empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) of the covariance matrices. The MERRA-2 daytime column-dependent climatology is used in the combo O3 and SO2 algorithm for retrieval from the Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) on board the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) satellite, the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite Nadir Mapper (OMPS-NM) on the Suomi National Polar Partnership (SNPP), and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on the Aura spacecraft.
Comparison of TROPOMI/Sentinel 5 Precursor NO2 observations with ground-based measurements in Helsinki
Authors: Ialongo Iolanda , Virta Henrik , Eskes Henk , Hovila Jari , Douros John
Published: September 2019

Abstract. We present a comparison between satellite-based TROPOMI (TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument) NO2 products and ground-based observations in Helsinki (Finland). TROPOMI NO2 total (summed) columns are compared with the measurements performed by the Pandora spectrometer during April–September 2018. We find a high correlation (r = 0.68) between satellite- and ground-based data, but also that TROPOMI total columns underestimate ground-based observations for relatively large Pandora NO2 total columns, corresponding to episodes of relatively elevated pollution. This is expected because of the relatively large size of the TROPOMI ground pixel (3.5 km x 7 km) and the a-priori used in the retrieval compared to the relatively small field-of-view of the Pandora instrument. Replacing the coarse a-priori NO2 profiles with high-resolution profiles from the CAMS chemical transport model improves the agreement between TROPOMI and Pandora total columns for episodes of NO2 enhancement. We also analyse the consistency between satellite-based data and in situ NO2 surface concentrations measured at the Helsinki-Kumpula air quality station (located a few metres from the Pandora spectrometer). We find similar day-to-day variability between TROPOMI, Pandora and in situ measurements, with NO2 enhancements observed during the same days. Both satellite- and ground-based data show a similar weekly cycle, with lower NO2 levels during the weekend compared to the weekdays as a result of reduced emissions from traffic and industrial activities (as expected in urban sites). The TROPOMI NO2 maps reveal also spatial features, such as the main traffic ways and the airport area, as well as the effect of the prevailing south-west wind patterns. This is one of the first works in which TROPOMI NO2 retrievals are validated against ground-based observations and the results provide an early evaluation of their applicability for monitoring pollution levels in urban sites. Overall, TROPOMI retrievals are valuable to complement the ground-based air quality data (available with high temporal resolution) for describing the spatio-temporal variability of NO2, even in a relatively small city like Helsinki.
Surveying pulsating auroras
Authors: Grono Eric , Donovan Eric
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The early morning auroral oval is dominated by pulsating auroras. This category of aurora has often been discussed as if it is just one phenomenon, but it is not. Pulsating auroras are separable based on the extent of their pulsation and structuring into at least three subcategories. This study surveyed 10 years of all-sky camera data to determine the occurrence probability for each type of pulsating aurora in magnetic local time and magnetic latitude. Amorphous pulsating aurora is found to be a nearly ubiquitous early morning aurora, and pulsating aurora is almost exclusively amorphous pre-midnight. Occurrence distributions for each type of pulsating aurora are mapped into the magnetosphere to approximately determine the location of their source regions. The patchy and patchy pulsating aurora distributions primarily map to locations approximately between 4 and 9 RE, while some amorphous pulsating aurora maps to farther distances.
Influence of oceanic conditions in the energy transfer efficiency estimation of a micronekton model
Authors: Delpech Audrey , Conchon Anna , Titaud Olivier , Lehodey Patrick
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Micronekton – small marine pelagic organisms mostly in the size range 1–10 cm – is a key component of the ocean ecosystem, as it constitutes the main source of forage for all larger predators. Moreover, the mesopelagic component of micronekton that undergoes Diel Vertical Migration (DVM) likely plays a key role in the transfer and storage of CO2 in the deep ocean: the so-called ‘biological pump’ mechanism. SEAPODYM-MTL is a spatially explicit dynamical model of micronekton. It simulates six functional groups of migrant and non-migrant micronekton, in the epipelagic and mesopelagic layers. Coefficients of energy transfer efficiency between primary production and each group are unknown. But they are essential as they control the predicted biomass. Since these coefficients are not directly measurable, a data assimilation method is used to estimate them. In this study, Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSE) in the framework of twin experiments are used to test various observation networks at a global scale regarding energy transfer coefficients estimation. Observational networks show a variety of performances. It appears that environmental conditions are crucial to determine network efficiency. According to our study, ideal sampling areas are warm, non-dynamic and productive waters like the eastern side of tropical Oceans. These regions are found to reduce the error of estimated coefficients by 20 % compared to cold and dynamic sampling regions. The results are discussed in term of interactions between physical and biological processes.
Changes in the high latitude Southern Hemisphere through the Eocene-Oligocene Transition: a model-data comparison
Authors: Kennedy-Asser Alan T. , Lunt Daniel J. , Valdes Paul J. , Ladant Jean-Baptiste , Frieling Joost , Lauretano Vittoria
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Global and regional climate changed dramatically with the expansion of the Antarctic Ice sheet at the Eocene-Oligocene Transition (EOT). These large-scale changes are generally linked to declining atmospheric pCO2 levels and/or changes in Southern Ocean gateways such as the Drake Passage around this time. To better understand the Southern Hemisphere regional climatic changes and the impact of glaciation on the Earth’s oceans and atmosphere at the EOT, we compiled a database of sea and land surface temperature reconstructions from a range of proxy records and compared this with a series of fully-coupled climate model simulations. Regional patterns in the proxy records of temperature show that cooling across the EOT was less at high latitudes and greater at mid-latitudes. Climate model simulations have some issues in capturing the zonal mean latitudinal temperature profiles shown by the proxy data, but certain simulations do show moderate-good performance at recreating the temperature patterns shown in the data. When taking into account the absolute temperature before and after the EOT, as well as the change in temperature across it, simulations with a closed Drake Passage before and after the EOT or with an opening of the Drake Passage across the EOT perform poorly, whereas simulations with a drop in atmospheric pCO2 in combination with ice growth generally perform better. This provides further support to previous research that changes in atmospheric pCO2 are more likely to have been the driver of the EOT climatic changes, as opposed to opening of the Drake Passage.
Motion of dust particles in dry snow under temperature gradient metamorphism
Authors: Hagenmuller Pascal , Flin Frederic , Dumont Marie , Tuzet François , Peinke Isabel , Lapalus Philippe , Dufour Anne , Roulle Jacques , Pézard Laurent , Voisin Didier , Ando Edward , Rolland du Roscoat Sabine , Charrier Pascal
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The deposition of light-absorbing particles (LAPs) such as mineral dust and black carbon on snow is responsible for a highly effective climate forcing, through darkening of the snow surface and associated feedbacks. The interplay between post-depositional snow transformation (metamorphism) and the dynamics of LAPs in snow remains largely unknown. We obtained time series of X-ray tomography images of dust-contaminated samples undergoing dry snow metamorphism at around −2 ∘C. They provide the first observational evidence that temperature gradient metamorphism induces dust particle motion in snow, while no movement is observed under isothermal conditions. Under temperature gradient metamorphism, dust particles can enter the ice matrix due to sublimation–condensation processes and spread down mainly by falling into the pore space. Overall, such motions might reduce the radiative impact of dust in snow, in particular in arctic regions where temperature gradient metamorphism prevails.
Informing ASPIRE and a future student-run clinic: healthcare needs assessment of London, Ontario
Authors: Iacocca Michael A. , Abou-Hamde Yara , Fisher Ruth , Hopfgartner Adam , Makooie Bobbak
Published: September 2019

A needs assessment was conducted by the Alliance of Students Providing Interprofessional Resources and Education (ASPIRE) to identify gaps in healthcare delivery and health promotion within London, Ontario that can be addressed by a student-run clinic. Investigations into the social determinants of health revealed a low employment rate with notable housing and food insecurities. From a physical health perspective, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases were identified as the leading causes of hospitalization and mortality. Additionally, a high burden of mental illness and rising incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were identified as major health challenges. Upon examination of primary care resources, various patient and practitioner-reported barriers to care were noted. Patients cited long wait times, inaccessible office hours, and inconvenient locations of practice as barriers. Primary care practitioners reported lack of resources to adequately meet the needs of complex populations, particularly those of low socioeconomic status backgrounds. To conclude, a discussion of the role and operation of a student-run clinic in addressing these findings is presented; an additional interdisciplinary healthcare resource that offers extended hours of operation, clinical outreach, and healthcare-related workshops can improve the accessibility to timely healthcare for underserved populations in London.
The exploration of pioglitazone’s potential as a pharmacotherapy option for drug addiction
Authors: Jung Tony D
Published: September 2019

Pioglitazone is a selective agonist for peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma (PPARγ) that is currently used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, recent evidence suggests that the PPARγ pathway may be a promising novel target for drug addiction therapy. There has been considerable evidence with preclinical models of addiction that support pioglitazone’s therapeutic potential for opioid, alcohol, methamphetamine, and cocaine dependence. Although the precise mechanisms remain unclear, these preclinical studies suggest that pioglitazone blocks the excitation of ventral tegmental area dopamine signaling, which is associated with the addictive properties of abused drugs. Recently, clinical studies have also emerged to investigate the role of pioglitazone for drug addiction in humans. Clinical evidence supports preclinical findings that pioglitazone may indeed be beneficial for the treatment of cocaine dependence. Other clinical evidence suggests that pioglitazone may also be effective for nicotine addiction. Further clinical research is needed to investigate pioglitazone’s effects in opioid, alcohol, and methamphetamine addiction. Pioglitazone also has a favourable and safe profile. These findings suggest that pioglitazone may be a novel treatment option for drug dependence in the future. Due to its status as a medication approved by the Food and Drug Administration, there is a potential for accelerated establishment of pioglitazone as an addiction treatment method.
DOENÇAS (RE) EMERGENTES EM CINCO CIDADES DA REGIÃO SUL DO CARIRI CEARENSE, 2013 A 2017: PERFIL SOCIOAMBIENTAL
Authors: Fernandes Marcus Vinicius de Macedo , Malheiro Djailson Ricardo , Leite Pedro De Sousa , Oliveira Christian Dennys Monteiro de
Published: September 2019

As doenças infecciosas, tanto doenças emergentes como reemergentes, têm um impacto enorme na Saúde Pública, nos cuidados de saúde, na macroeconomia e na sociedade. A disponibilidade de opções para controlar e prevenir o aparecimento ou reaparecimento e expansão de agentes patogênicos requerem uma avaliação contínua. O sarampo é uma doença infectocontagiosa febril, aguda, de transmissão respiratória, sendo ainda, em algumas partes do mundo, uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade entre a população de crianças menores de 5 anos de idade. A rubéola, doença exantemática aguda, de etiologia viral, apresenta alta transmissibilidade, tem sua importância epidemiológica relacionada à Síndrome da Rubéola Congênita (SRC), podendo acarretar em inúmeras complicações causando a morte fetal e diversos defeitos congênitos. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os casos dessas duas patologias na região de Juazeiro do Norte, Barbalha, Caririaçu, Granjeiro e Jardim – estado do Ceará, que ocorreram no período de 2013 a 2017. Os dados foram coletados por meio do site Sistema de Notificações de Agravos (SINAN/NET), utilizando ainda artigos científicos e boletins epidemiológicos fornecidos pelo Ministério da Saúde. Foram verificados 14 casos suspeitos de doenças exantemáticas (9 de sarampo e 5 de rubéola), sendo que nenhum foi devidamente comprovado. No decorrer da pesquisa pode-se verificar a relação da eficácia da vacinação e da vigilância epidemiológica para fiscalizar e evitar o surgimento de novos surtos.
ANÁLISE AUTOMATIZADA DE VERTENTES DO RELEVO NO MUNICÍPIO DE CANGUÇU-RS COM APOIO DE ÁRVORE DE DECISÃO
Authors: Da Silva Dutra Danilo , De Souza Robaina Luis Eduardo , Trentin Romário
Published: September 2019

Atualmente existem muitas metodologias para o estudo do relevo e, entre as mais recentes, destaca-se a análise automatizada do relevo a partir do uso de técnicas de SIG. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do presente trabalho é realizar uma análise automatizada das vertentes do relevo no município de Canguçu com apoio de árvore de decisão. Para realização desse trabalho, utilizou-se o Modelo Digital do Terreno (MDT) disponibilizado pelo SRTM. Os parâmetros do relevo como altitude, declividade e forma das vertentes foram cruzados, utilizando árvore de decisão, definindo doze unidades de relevo no município. A unidade I predomina na área de estudo, representada por altitudes maiores que a média, declividades superiores a 5% e vertentes com curvatura plano convergente. Essa unidade caracteriza-se predominantemente, enquanto as nascentes dos canais fluviais de primeira ordem. A partir desse estudo, destaca-se a importância da análise automatizada no sentido de caracterizar, de forma menos subjetiva, as vertentes que compõem o relevo.
TASAS DE CAMBIO DE USO DEL SUELO Y AGRICULTURIZACIÓN EN EL PARTIDO DE TANDIL, ARGENTINA
Authors: Vazquez Patricia , Zulaica Laura , Somoza Ailin
Published: September 2019

El proceso de agriculturización, como caso particular y frecuente de cambio en el uso de la tierra, es uno de los propulsores del Cambio Global y causante de transformaciones ambientales. Los objetivos planteados en este trabajo fueron analizar las tasas de cambio anual en el uso del suelo en el partido de Tandil, entre 1988 y 2015, a fin de caracterizar el proceso de agriculturización en los paisajes que lo componen; determinar los cultivos con mayor incidencia en dicho proceso e identificar los principales servicios ecosistémicos afectados. Metodológicamente se obtuvieron imágenes satelitales, se realizaron clasificaciones supervisadas, se emplearon estadísticas oficiales, estudios antecedentes y relevamientos de campo. Los resultados obtenidos muestran un incremento de la superficie destinada a la agricultura en desmedro de la ganadería con una tasa de cambio anual de 3.28 (especialmente en la Llanura distal) y una alteración en la composición de los principales cultivos. Dicho contexto propicia la provisión de servicios ecosistémicos de abastecimiento y el deterioro de la provisión de servicios de regulación. El análisis de los cambios en el uso del suelo constituye una herramienta útil para tomar dimensión del proceso de agriculturización y los impactos ambientales asociados.
Currículo, Educação Física e Marabaixo: fundamentando caminhos para inserção da cultura afro-brasileira na escola do Amapá
Authors: Gonçalves Bruna Cardoso , Nascimento Paulo Magalhães Monard , Alberto Alvaro Adolfo Duarte
Published: September 2019

O Marabaixo é uma manifestação cultural afro-brasileira do Estado do Amapá, que representa um movimento de resistência/luta contra a opressão da população negra. O presente artigo objetivou analisar caminhos para superação da ausência/secundarização do Marabaixo nas aulas de Educação Física no Amapá, tendo como referência os estudos curriculares e as identidades da Educação Física brasileira. Identificamos que o desafio de incluir o Marabaixo como conteúdo de ensino da Educação Física, nas escolas do Amapá, pode ser enfrentado pela perspectiva que reconhece que os objetivos deste componente curricular estão centrados nos sentidos e significados das manifestações corporais, enquanto patrimônio cultural da humanidade.
Programa de licenciaturas internacionais e a formação de graduandos
Authors: Machado Jhonatan Marques , Da Silva Felipe Fernandes , Barreto Selva Guimarães
Published: September 2019

O objetivo do estudo é analisar as concepções dos alunos com relação a participação do Programa de Licenciaturas Internacionais (PLI) e sua formação. Através de um questionário online com os 12 alunos PLIs constatou-se 2 dos 12 alunos não cumpriram os 120 ECTS obrigatórios na fase inicial do programa. Porém ao analisarmos a relevância dos conteúdos aprendidos e relevância do programa para formação, a grande maioria classificou como próximo ou igual a muito importante, com a oportunidade de trazerem e terem deixado o seu legado. Assim podemos concluir que a rica experiência do programa contribuiu para o desenvolvimento acadêmico e pessoal dos alunos, sobretudo de nós autores.
“How Joseph Conrad Influenced O'Neill”: New York Evening Telegram, November 16, 1921
Authors: Peters John G.
Published: September 2019

This 1921 article argues for the influence of Joseph Conrad's 1897 novel The Nigger of the “Narcissus” on Eugene O'Neill's play “Anna Christie.”