bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing surgical readmission, in-hospital complications, and charges between total hip arthroplasty and hemiarthroplasty for geriatric femoral neck fractures
Authors: Wang Yuqing , Shen Liusong , Xie Dongxing , Long Huizhong , Chen Hu , Wei Jie , Zeng Chao , Lei Guanghua
Published: December 2024

Aims

For displaced femoral neck fractures (FNFs) in geriatric patients, there remains uncertainty regarding the effect of total hip arthroplasty (THA) compared with hemiarthroplasty (HA) in the guidelines. We aimed to compare 90-day surgical readmission, in-hospital complications, and charges between THA and HA in these patients.

Methods

The Hospital Quality Monitoring System was queried from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2019 for displaced FNFs in geriatric patients treated with THA or HA. After propensity score matching, which identified 33,849 paired patients, outcomes were compared between THA and HA using logistic and linear regression models.

Results

The HA group had a lower incidence of 90-day surgical readmission than the THA group (odds ratio (OR) 0.75 (95% CI 0.68 to 0.83)). Meanwhile, the HA group had lower incidence of dislocation (OR 0.42 (95% CI 0.33 to 0.52)), aseptic loosening (OR 0.50 (95% CI 0.38 to 0.66)), and joint pain (OR 0.63 (95% CI 0.40 to 0.98)), but a higher incidence of periprosthetic fracture (OR 1.41 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.87)) for readmission, compared to the THA group. The incidence of in-hospital complications did not differ significantly between the two groups. Moreover, the HA group had lower mean charges than the THA group (47,578.29 Chinese Yuan (CNY) (SD 20,069.71) vs 57,641.00 CNY (SD 21,524.07)).

Conclusion

When considering 90-day surgical readmission rate, in-hospital complications, and mortality, HA resulted in a significantly lower surgical readmission rate within 90 days compared to THA, despite the patients being older and having a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(12):1477–1484.
Cutibacterium acnes periprosthetic joint infections
Authors: Warne Christopher N. , Ryan Sean , Yu Elizabeth , Osmon Douglas R. , Berry Daniel J. , Abdel Matthew P.
Published: December 2024

Aims

Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes; previously known as Propionibacterium acnes or P. acnes) periprosthetic hip and knee infections are under-reported. While culture contamination with C. acnes occurs, true infections are important to recognize and treat. We sought to describe the demographics and treatment outcomes of patients with C. acnes periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) of the hip and knee.

Methods

Patients with C. acnes PJI between January 2005 and December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed utilizing the institutional total joint registry. Patients with monomicrobial PJI and two or more positive cultures were considered to have true C. acnes PJI. Patients with polymicrobial infection or with only one positive culture were excluded. This resulted in 35 PJIs (21 hips and 14 knees); the patients’ mean age was 63 years (35 to 84) and 15 (43%) were female. Mean follow-up was five years (1 to 14).

Results

The median time to positive culture was five days (IQR 5 to 6) and median synovial fluid cell count was 22,583 cells (IQR 15,200 to 53,231). The median ESR was 25 mm/hr (IQR 7 to 37), and CRP was 15 mg/l (IQR 3 to 29). Of the 35 PJIs, 18 (51%) were treated with chronic antibiotic suppression without surgical intervention, and the remainder were treated with two-stage exchange arthroplasty. The two-year survival free of any revision was 94%. Four patients failed treatment due to symptomatic infection, with three treated with two-stage exchange and one treated with irrigation and debridement with modular component exchange for a survival rate of 89% and 83% at two and five years, respectively.

Conclusion

Laboratory evidence of C. acnes PJI in this cohort was typical compared to more conventional organisms. Cultures grew more quickly than previously thought in patients with C. acnes PJI. Treatment with two-stage exchange or chronic antibiotic suppression alone both had few treatment failures at mid-term follow-up.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(12):1426–1430.
Looking after patients with hip fracture in low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Tabu Irewin , Ivers Rebecca , Costa Matt L.
Published: December 2024

In the UK, multidisciplinary teamwork for patients with hip fracture has been shown to reduce mortality and improves health-related quality of life for patients, while also reducing hospital bed days and associated healthcare costs. However, despite rapidly increasing numbers of fragility fractures, multidisciplinary shared care is rare in low- and middle-income countries around the world. The HIPCARE trial will test the introduction of multidisciplinary care pathways in five low- and middle-income countries in South and Southeast Asia, with the aim to improve patients’ quality of life and reduce healthcare costs.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(12):1369–1371.
In vivo reduction of biofilm seeded on orthopaedic implants
Authors: Cordero García-Galán Enrique , Medel-Plaza Marina , Pozo-Kreilinger José J. , Sarnago Héctor , Lucía Óscar , Rico-Nieto Alicia , Esteban Jaime , Gomez-Barrena Enrique
Published: December 2024

Aims

Electromagnetic induction heating has demonstrated in vitro antibacterial efficacy over biofilms on metallic biomaterials, although no in vivo studies have been published. Assessment of side effects, including thermal necrosis of adjacent tissue, would determine transferability into clinical practice. Our goal was to assess bone necrosis and antibacterial efficacy of induction heating on biofilm-infected implants in an in vivo setting.

Methods

Titanium-aluminium-vanadium (Ti6Al4V) screws were implanted in medial condyle of New Zealand giant rabbit knee. Study intervention consisted of induction heating of the screw head up to 70°C for 3.5 minutes after implantation using a portable device. Both knees were implanted, and induction heating was applied unilaterally keeping contralateral knee as paired control. Sterile screws were implanted in six rabbits, while the other six received screws coated with Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. Sacrifice and sample collection were performed 24, 48, or 96 hours postoperatively. Retrieved screws were sonicated, and adhered bacteria were estimated via drop-plate. Width of bone necrosis in retrieved femora was assessed through microscopic examination. Analysis was performed using non-parametric tests with significance fixed at p ≤ 0.05.

Results

The width of necrosis margin in induction heating-treated knees ranged from 0 to 650 μm in the sterile-screw group, and 0 to 517 μm in the biofilm-infected group. No significant differences were found between paired knees. In rabbits implanted with sterile screws, no bacteria were detected. In rabbits implanted with infected screws, a significant bacterial load reduction with median 0.75 Log10 colony-forming units/ml was observed (p = 0.016).

Conclusion

Induction heating was not associated with any demonstrable thermal bone necrosis in our rabbit knee model, and might reduce bacterial load in S. aureus biofilms on Ti6Al4V implants.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(12):695–702.
A systematic review and mapping exercise to assess the content validity of patient-reported outcome measures for adults having reconstructive surgery of the lower limb
Authors: Lister Jennie , James Sophie , Sharma Hemant K. , Hewitt Catherine , Fulbright Helen , Leggett Heather , McDaid Catriona
Published: December 2024

Aims

Lower limb reconstruction (LLR) has a profound impact on patients, affecting multiple areas of their lives. Many patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are employed to assess these impacts; however, there are concerns that they do not adequately capture all outcomes important to patients, and may lack content validity in this context. This review explored whether PROMs used with adults requiring, undergoing, or after undergoing LLR exhibited content validity and adequately captured outcomes considered relevant and important to patients.

Methods

A total of 37 PROMs were identified. Systematic searches were performed to retrieve content validity studies in the adult LLR population, and hand-searches used to find PROM development studies. Content validity assessments for each measure were performed following Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health measurement Instruments (COSMIN) guidelines. A mapping exercise compared all PROMs to a conceptual framework previously developed by the study team (‘the PROLLIT framework’) to explore whether each PROM covered important and relevant concepts.

Results

The systematic searches found 13 studies, while hand searches found 50 PROM development studies, and copies of all 37 measures. Although several studies discussed content validity, none were found which formally assessed this measurement property in the adult LLR population. Development of many PROMs was rated as inadequate, no PROM had sufficient content validity in the study population, and none covered all areas of the PROLLIT framework. The LIMB-Q was the most promising and comprehensive measure assessed, although further validation in a wider sample of LLR patients was recommended.

Conclusion

Current PROMs used in adults requiring, undergoing, or after undergoing LLR lack content validity and do not assess all important and relevant outcomes. There is an urgent need for improved outcome measurement in this population. This can be achieved through development of a new PROM, or through validation of existing measures in representative samples.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(12):1049–1066.
Development of RGB laser light source unit with crosstalk removal and polarization control functions and their incorporation into VR-HMD
Authors: ogata yoichi
Published: December 2024

For the development of full-color laser head-mounted display (VR-HMD), a white colored-laser light source fabricated by overlapping red-green-blue (RGB) lasers is necessary. Despite a lot of reports for the VR-HMD using RGB lasers, no report for removing crosstalk generating among beams has been done. Thus, the construction of a crosstalk removal and an electric field control devises is desirable urgently. In this work, an attempt has been made to create a function that avoids crosstalk among beams using RGB beams separated by using the time shift technique. If this function is realized, some negative influences such as an overlap among beams and field synthesis should be eliminated. In the future, the fine contrast type VR-HMD could be fabricated.
Proposal of a data model for consumption and service adaptation (IaaS – PaaS and SaaS) in cloud computing
Authors: Koffi Kanga , Beman Hamidja Kamagate , Kpinna Tiekoura Coulibaly
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we are proposing a data model to help improve the quality of service and the satisfaction of cloud service consumers. To do this, we proposed 2 sub-models:

A 1st sub -model for identifying users consuming cloud services, cloud services and the different consumptions that are made according to the context of the users.
A 2nd sub-model for adapting the services consumed, while evaluating the level of satisfaction based on the metrics per service. Also differents formalizations associated with these sub-models are proposed.

Implementing the final data model could allow the cloud provider to ensure that the adaptation activities of the different services take into account users and their service consumption context.
The effect of mental toughness on professionalism in athletes
Authors: Karaca Aynur , Güngör Nuri Berk , Soyer Fikret
Published: December 2024

The aim of this research is to determine the effect of mental toughness on the level of professionalism in athletes. The study group of the research consists of a total of 201 participants, 124 (61.7%) female and 77 (38.3%) male, who participated in competitions as licensed athletes in Balıkesir province in 2023. In the study, in addition to the demographic information collection form, the Mental Toughness Scale developed by Sheard et al. (2009) and adapted to Turkish by Altıntaş (2015) and the Professionalism Scale for Athletes developed by Güngör, Kurtipek & İlhan (2022) were used as data collection tools. When the research results are taken into consideration, it is seen that the participants' mental toughness and athlete professionalism levels are at a good level. When the variables of gender, branch and being a national athlete are compared with mental toughness and athlete professionalism, it is determined that there is no significant difference. In addition, it is determined that 57% of athlete professionalism is explained by mental toughness.
(Extended English summary is at the end of this document)
Özet
Bu araştırmanın amacı zihinsel dayanıklılığın sporcularda profesyonelizm düzeyine etkisini belirlemektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu; 2023 yılında Balıkesir ilinde lisanslı sporcu olarak müsabakalara katılan 124’ü (%61.7) kadın, 77’si (%38.3) erkek toplam 201 katılımcı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmış ve kolay ulaşılabilirlik ilkesi göz önünde bulundurularak çalışma grubu oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak; demogrofik bilgi toplama formunun yanı sıra Sheard ve ark. (2009) tarafından geliştirilmiş, Altıntaş (2015) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanan Zihinsel Dayanıklılık Ölçeği ve Güngör, Kurtipek & İlhan (2022) tarafından geliştirilen Sporcular için Profesyonelizm Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları dikkate alındığında katılımcıların zihinsel dayanıklılık ve sporcu profesyonelizm düzeylerinin iyi bir seviyede olduğu görülmektedir. Cinsiyet, branş ve milli sporcu olma değişkenleri zihinsel dayanıklılık ve sporcu profesyonelizmi ile karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı bir farklılığın olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Buna ek olarak, sporcu profesyonelizminin %57’sinin zihinsel dayanıklılık özelliği ile açıklandığı belirlenmiştir.
Physical activity level and quality of life of university employees
Authors: Nalbant Özgür
Published: December 2024

The study aims to evaluate the physical activity and quality of life levels of university academic and administrative staff. The universe of the study consisted of 912 personnel, 577 academic and 335 administrative, working at Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University. The study was planned with the general screening method, and the International Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to determine the physical activity levels of university personnel and the short forms of the quality of life assessment questionnaire (SF-36) were used to determine their quality of life. The surveys were applied online, and SPSS 25.0 statistical program was used in the statistical analysis of the obtained data. Percentage, frequency, chi-square, ANOVA, MANOVA, and post hoc tests were used in the analysis of the data and the significance level was taken as (p<.05). It was observed that 73% of the university academic and administrative staff had postgraduate education, 72% were married and 74% had a nuclear family structure. It was determined that the physical activity levels of academic and administrative staff were not good, and they were not active. However, it was determined that men were more active than women and singles were more active than married. It was observed that only 47 (15%) of the academic and administrative staff had sufficient activity levels and there was no statistically significant difference between the genders (p>0.05). In the comparisons between the groups, a significant difference was observed in the social and mental dimensions in favor of the academic staff (p<0.05). On the other hand, no significant difference was observed in the physical, general health, social, and mental dimensions (p>0.05). It was determined that the physical activity levels of the academic and administrative staff were not good, men were more active than women and the quality of life of the academic staff was better.
Kajian Elevasi Lantai Dermaga Berdasarkan Integrasi Pengaruh Pasang Surut, Gelombang dan Kenaikan Muka Laut di Pelabuhan Tanjung Emas Kota Semarang
Authors: Hanun Alain Shofia , Ismunarti Dwi Haryo , Helmi Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Pelabuhan Tanjung Emas merupakan salah satu pelabuhan di Indonesia yang terletak di Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah. Perkembangan lalu lintas perdagangan dan bertambahnya arus transportasi di pelabuhan, maka perlu dilakukan rencana pengembangan pembangunan pelabuhan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menghitung elevasi lantai dermaga . Data primer yang digunakan adalah data pasang surut bulan Maret 2022. Data sekunder meliputi data angin, data sea level rise, dan data pasang surut dari IOC Sea Level Monitoring. Metode yang dilakukan untuk mengolah pasang surut adalah Admiralty dan Least Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tipe pasang surut campuran condong ke tunggal dengan nilai HHWL 105.282 cm. Hasil peramalan gelombang dari  data angin selama 10 tahun didapat nilai tinggi gelombang signifikan (Hs) sebesar 0,9287 m dan nilai periode signifikan (Ts) sebesar 5,0210 detik dan nilai wave set up (Sw) diperoleh sebesar 0,16 m. Nilai sea level rise yang didapatkan sebesar 0.32 cm/tahun. Nilai Design Water Level (DWL) didapatkan dengan menjumlahkan nilai HHWL, wave set up, dan SLR sehingga didapat nilai sebesar 124 cm. Sehingga, nilai elevasi lantai dermaga yang diperoleh adalah 363,2 cm sehingga dapat dikatakan aman.
Analisis Konsentrasi Dan Sebaran Mikroplastik Di Muara Sungai Bedahan, Wonokerto, Kabupaten Pekalongan
Authors: Damanik Doding Akka , Widada Sugeng , Widiaratih Rikha
Published: December 2024

Kabupaten Pekalongan dikenal sebagai kota industri, dimana terdapat berbagai aktivitas dan kegiatan antropogenik. Hasil dari aktivitas antropogenik tersebut menghasilkan buangan limbah cair dan padat. Perairan bedahan merupakan salah satu wilayah yang menjadi dampak dari hasil buangan limbah dari aktivitas antropogenik.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan dan sebaran mikroplastik di air dan sedimen di muara Sungai Bedahan, Pekalongan. Sungai Bedahan merupakan sungai terbesar dengan banyak aktivitas antropogenik di sekitarnya. Sampling dilakukan pada tanggal 25 Juni 2023 saat musim timur di Muara Sungai Bedahan, Kabupaten Pekalongan. Penelitian dilakukan pada keadaan surut menuju pasang dengan pengambilan data lapangan berupa sampel mikroplastik pada 8 titik dan sedimen diambil di 3 titik . Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan mikroplastik sebesar 99 – 347 partikel/m3 pada sampel air dan 653 – 1368 partikel/kg pada sampel sedimen. Jenis mikroplastik yang paling mendominasi yaitu fragment dan film serta warna yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah hitam (>50%). Kelimpahan dan sebaran mikroplastik terbesar pada sampel air terdapat di perairan lepas dan pada sampel sedimen kelimpahan dan sebaran mikroplastik terbesar terdapat di daerah pesisir. Sebaran mikroplastik dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas antropogenik serta hidrodinamika.  arus bergerak dari arah timur menuju ke barat. Dari hasil model arus didapat kecepatan tertinggi sebesar 0.225 m/s. Arus memiliki peran penting untuk distribusi mikroplastik perairan. Selain faktor arus, sebaran mikroplastik pada permukaan air dipengaruhi oleh debit air sungai yang membawa mikroplastik menuju ke daerah lautan.
Analisis Terjadinya Gelombang Tinggi Akibat Pola Pergerakan Angin Terkait Keselamatan Pelayaran di Perairan Utara Jawa Tengah
Authors: Retika Ferancha , Sugianto Denny Nugroho , Widiaratih Rikha
Published: December 2024

Laut Jawa Utara merupakan jalur pelayaran yang penting untuk perekonomian, dan gelombang tinggi menimbulkan ancaman terhadap keselamatan pelayaran. Studi ini menganalisis hubungan antara pergerakan pola angin dan kejadian gelombang tinggi di Laut Jawa Utara, dengan fokus pada keselamatan navigasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data angin dari European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Data ini digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi pola angin dominan yang berkontribusi terhadap kejadian gelombang tinggi. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode DNS untuk peramalan gelombang, metode Weibull dan Gumbel untuk peramalan gelombang tinggi 2-100 tahun yang akan datang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola angin dari arah tenggara dan barat laut merupakan penyebab utama gelombang tinggi di Laut Jawa Utara. Gelombang tertinggi terjadi selama musim muson barat daya, dengan tinggi gelombang mencapai 2 meter. Peramalan gelombang periode ulang 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 dan 100 tahun menggunakan perhitungan Weibull lebih sesuai di Lokasi laut lepas dan pesisir seperti pada stasiun 4 didapatkan hasil berturut-turut adalah 2.11 m, 2.31 m, 2.5 m, 2.77 m, 3 m, dan 3.24 m. Sedangkan peramalan gelombang periode ulang  Gumbel lebih sesuai digunakan di daerah pesisir seperti pada stasiun 3 didapatkan hasil secara berturut-turut adalah 1.51 m, 1.73 m, 1.87 m, 2.06 m, 2.20 m dan 2.33 m.
The effects of novel commercial toxin binders on growth performance, immunity and intestinal morphology of broiler chicks infected with aflatoxin B1
Authors: Dolatkhah Siahmazgy A. , Mansouri Yarahmadi H. , Lotfollahian H. , Fakhraei J. , Hosseini S. A.
Published: December 2024

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of commercial toxin binders on growth perfor-mance, immunity and intestinal morphology of broiler chicks fed with diets contaminated with aflatox-in B1 (AFB1). One-day-old male Cobb 500 broiler chicks (n=350) with an initial weight of 42±3 g was assigned to one of 7 treatments with 5 replications and 10 broiler chicks per group. Experimental treat-ments were: 1) Basal diet without aflatoxin and additive (NC); 2) Basal diet containing aflatoxin (PC); 3) PC diet containing test toxin binder-1 (ARSI1) 4) PC diet containing test toxin binder-2 (ARSI2); 5) PC diet containing test toxin binder-3 (STB1); 6) PC diet containing test toxin binder-4 (STB2) and 7) PC diet containing commercial toxin binder (Mycofix). Growth performance, cellular and humoral im-mune responses, carcass traits and intestinal morphology were assessed. Average daily weight gain (ADG), and cellular and humoral immunities were significantly lower in broiler chicks in the PC group compared to broiler chicks in the NC group in the different growth periods (P<0.05), but dietary sup-plementation with none of the test toxin binders improved ADG compared to the PC group (P>0.05). Dietary inclusion of ASRI1 and ASRI2 significantly decreased adverse the effects of aflatoxin on im-mune responses (P<0.05). The results showed that villus length in the different parts of intestine, ileal villus width and crypt depth and duodenal crypt depth were significantly decreased in broiler chicks fed with PC diet in comparison to broiler chicks fed the NC diet (P<0.05). Dietary inclusion of differ-ent toxin binders also alleviated adverse effects of aflatoxin on intestinal morphology (P<0.05). In con-clusion, dietary inclusion of ASRI1 and ASRI2 toxin binders is recommended for alleviation of the negative effects of AFB1 on immune responses and intestinal morphology.
Influence of biologically active preparations on biochemical indicators of sows’ blood and the survival level of sucking pigs
Authors: Zakharchenko K. , Khomenko M. , Seba M. , Golovetskyi I. , Trokhymenko V. , Bryukhachova I.
Published: December 2024

The analysis of the influence of biologically active preparations on the biochemical status of the body of sows is given in the article. Nanoaquachelate of Ge (G18Ge and G9Ge groups) and Quatronan-Se (Q-Se group) were used 4 days before and 10 days after farrowing, Glutam 1M was used 3 days after the farrowing (GM1, G18Ge and G9Ge groups). Based on the results obtained, it has been found that use of preparations in the period from 4 days after the farrowing to weaning contributes to lower cholesterol level in the G18Ge, G9Ge and Q-Se groups by 21.7%, 29.2 % and 33.3%, respectively. Also, significant changes have been observed in the in the concentration of protein, in all groups to which the studied drugs were administered before weaning it tended to decrease by 9.9; 7.6; 6.6 and 6.3%, respectively, while in the group C (control) the difference was only 1.6%. In addition, a study of the influence of preparations on the body of piglets through sow milk shows that the level of piglets’ survival in the GM1, G18Ge, G9Ge and Q-Se groups was higher than in the C group. The highest sur-vival has been observed in the G18Ge group and on the day of weaning was 90.2%.
Effect of encapsulated Tahongai (Kleinhovia hospita l.) leaf extract on growth performance, intestinal condition and antioxidative status of broilers raised in high stocking density pens
Authors: Yusuf R. , Ismadi V. D. Y. B. , Kismiati S. , Sugiharto S.
Published: December 2024

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of Kleinhovia hospita L. extract (KE) on growth performance, intestinal condition and antioxidative status of broilers raised in high stocking density pens. A total of 370-day-old broiler chicks were randomly grouped into five groups with five replicates. The groups were T0 (chicks raised in normal density, 10 birds/m2; as a negative control), KE0 (chicks raised in high density, 16 birds/m2, without KE supplementation; as a positive control), KE0.25, KE0.5 and KE1 (chicks raised in high density with KE supplementation of 2.5, 5 and 10 g/kg, respectively). Based on the completely randomized design, the data were treated. Results showed that KE1 chicks had the highest (p<0.05) body weight (BW) at day 21 and 28. The T0, KE0 and KE2.5 chicks consumed more (p<0.05) feed than the other treatment groups. The KE0.25, KE0.5 and KE1 showed lower (p<0.05) FCR than the KE0 group. The KE0 chicks showed lower (p<0.05) carcass yield than the other groups. The KE0 had the highest (p<0.05) heart relative weight of all groups. The KE1 had the highest (p<0.05) small intestinal weight, cecum, colon and abdominal fat of any treatment group. Among the groups, crypt depth of the duodenum in KE0 was the lowest (p<0.05). There was no substantial effect of the treatments on the counts of coliform and lactic acid bacteria in the ileum of broilers. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in KE0.5 and KE1 were higher (p<0.05) than those in T0, KE0 and KE0.25 groups. In conclusion, stocking in high density pens negatively af-fected the carcass yield of broiler chickens. Dietary KE supplementation was beneficial in improving FCR and antioxidant status of broiler chickens.
Dietary inclusion of blanched African bread fruit (Treculia africana) pulp on the growth performance, haematological indices and nutrient digestibility in Weaner rabbits
Authors: Ugwu C. M. , Ani A. O. , Ogwuegbu M. C. , Anizoba N. W. , Ezenwosu C. , Onu E. A. , Nwoga C. C. , Ali L. C.
Published: December 2024

Current study examined the impact of blanched African bread fruit pulp (BABP) on growth per-formance, haematology and nutrient digestibility of Weaner rabbits. A total of 200 60-day-old New Zealand White Weaner rabbits with an average weight of 759.5 g were randomly assigned to five groups and fed 0% (control), 5, 10, 15 and 20 % blanched African bread fruit pulp in a completely ran-domized design. The trial lasted for 7 d of adaptation and 56 d for testing. Growth performance was recorded from 60 to 116 d of age (n=5 per treatment with 40 rabbits, 10 per replicate), haematological indices at 116 d of age and nutrient digestibility from 112 to 116 d of age were determined (n=5 per treatment with 16 rabbits, 4 per replicate). Results showed that dietary BABP supplementation at 15, and 20% decreased (P < 0.05) the feed intake and body weight gain. The digestibility of crude protein, crude fiber, and ether extract were also decreased (P < 0.05). Moreover, rabbit at 15, and 20% showed decreased (P < 0.05) packed cell volume, white blood cell and haemoglobin concentration. It was con-cluded that BABP can be incorporated into rabbit diets up to 5-10% inclusion level, without negatively affecting growth performance, haematological indices and nutrient digestibility of rabbits.
Preparasi dan Karakterisasi Bioplastik dari Limbah Ekstraksi Karagenan Rumput Laut Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty ex P. C. Silva, 1966 dengan Pemlastis Gliserol
Authors: Ridlo Ali , Sabdono Agus , Subagiyo Subagiyo , Ario Raden , Pratikto Ibnu , Hartati Retno
Published: December 2024

The carrageenan production process from Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed produces solid waste of 60%-70% w/w, primarily composed of cellulose, which can be used for bioplastic films. This research aims to determine the effect of glycerol plasticizer addition on the characteristics of K. alvarezii waste-based bioplastics. Bioplastics were made by mixing 50 g of wet waste with 90 mL of distilled water, homogenized at 70°C for 30 minutes. Glycerol (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%) was added, with water to a total volume of 150 mL, and homogenized again for 30 minutes. The solution was poured into a polypropylene mold and dried at 60°C for 24 hours. Results showed glycerol increased transparency and elongation but reduced tensile strength and water resistance. The addition of 1% glycerol produced bioplastics with the best characteristics, meeting Japanese Industrial Standards. FTIR and SEM showed similar bioplastic properties across treatments. This research indicates that K. alvarezii carrageenan extraction waste is promising for packaging material and bioplastic production.  Proses produksi karagenan dari rumput laut Kappaphycus alvarezii menghasilkan limbah padat sebesar 60%-70% w/w, terutama terdiri dari selulosa yang dapat digunakan untuk film bioplastik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan plastisizer gliserol terhadap karakteristik bioplastik limbah K. alvarezii. Bioplastik dibuat dengan mencampurkan 50 g limbah basah dengan 90 mL akuades, dihomogenkan pada suhu 70°C selama 30 menit. Gliserol (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%) ditambahkan hingga volume 150 mL, dihomogenkan kembali selama 30 menit. Larutan dituang dalam cetakan polipropilena dan dikeringkan pada suhu 60°C selama 24 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan gliserol meningkatkan transparansi dan elongasi, tetapi mengurangi kuat tarik dan ketahanan air. Penambahan 1% gliserol menghasilkan bioplastik dengan karakteristik terbaik, memenuhi Japanese Industrial Standard. FTIR dan SEM menunjukkan sifat bioplastik yang serupa pada semua perlakuan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa limbah ekstraksi karagenan K. alvarezii menjanjikan sebagai bahan kemasan dan produksi bioplastik.
Karakterisasi Morfometri dan DNA Barcoding Keong Lola Merah (Rochia nilotica Linnaeus, 1767) dari Kepulauan Kei, Maluku
Authors: Triandiza Teddy , Utami Risnita Tri , Pesilette Rosmi Nuslah
Published: December 2024

The lola snail (Rochia nilotica) is an herbivorous gastropod that lives in coral reef ecosystems. R. nilotica is an ecologically important species and has high economic value. This study aims to assess morphometric characterization and DNA barcoding. Analysis of growth patterns shows that red lola snails in the Kei Islands show an allometric growth pattern. Analysis of R. nilotica mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences resulted in 646 base pairs, containing 14 haplotypes with a total of 18 polymorphic sites. The results showed that the genetic diversity of R. nilotica populations in the Kei Islands was very high, namely nucleotide diversity (Pi) of 0.00460 and haplotype diversity (Hd) of 0.9457. The results of phylogenetic tree analysis showed five main clusters, namely four clusters of R. nilotica from the Kei Islands and one cluster of R. nilotica from Moorea Island and New Caledonia. The value of genetic distance between individuals and between R. nilotica populations is very low, namely 0.0026-0.0056 and 0.0034-0.0052. The results of the haplotype net analysis showed that there was haplotype mixing in all R. nilotica populations in the Kei Islands as indicated by the absence of a particular clade. Keong lola merah (Rochia nilotica) merupakan gastropoda herbivora yang hidup di ekosistem terumbu karang. R. nilotica merupakan spesies yang penting secara ekologis dan memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakterisasi morfometri dan DNA barcoding. Analisis pola pertumbuhan menunjukkan keong lola merah di Kepulauan Kei menunjukkan pola pertumbuhan alometrik. Analisis sekuens DNA mitokondria (mtDNA) R. nilotica menghasilkan 646 pasangan basa, yang mengandung 14 haplotipe dengan jumlah total 18 situs polimorfik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keragaman genetik populasi R. nilotica di Kepulauan Kei sangat tinggi, yaitu keragaman nukleotida (Pi) sebesar 0,00460 dan keragaman haplotipe (Hd) sebesar 0,9457. Hasil analisis pohon filogenetik menunjukkan lima kluster utama, yaitu empat kluster R. nilotica  asal kepulauan Kei dan satu kluster R. nilotica asal Moorea Island dan New Caledonia. Nilai jarak genetik antar individu dan antara populasi R. nilotica sangat rendah yaitu 0,0026-0,0056 dan 0,0034-0,0052. Hasil analisis jaring haplotipe menunjukkan bahwa terjadi percampuran haplotipe pada seluruh populasi R. nilotica di Kepulauan Kei yang ditunjukkan dengan tidak adanya klade tertentu.
Assessing the Impact of Substrate and Shelter on Cannibalism in Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus)
Authors: Ariyati Restiana Wisnu , Caesa Genio , Rejeki Sri , Hutabarat Johannes , Haeruddin Haeruddin , Sarjito Sarjito , Widowati Lestari Lakhsmi , Bosma Roel
Published: December 2024

Blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) is one of Indonesia’s essential fishery commodities, but overfishing has depleted its population. Aquaculture, as an alternative to produce this crab, is hampered by high levels of cannibalism. Substrates or shelters can reduce cannibalism. This study compared the effectiveness of one substrate and two types of shelter for reducing cannibalism of P. pelagicus crablets. Crablets with average carapace length of 3.6 ± 2.2 cm and average weight of 6.4 ±1.5 g.ind-1 were stocked in 24 rectangular tarpaulin tanks with 1 m2 surface and 50 cm water depth. The stocking density was 8 crablets in each tank. A split-plot experimental design was applied with four main plots and two subplots with 3 replications. The main plot consisted of A0 (without shelter), A1 (seaweed), A2 (pipes), and A3 (seaweed and pipes), and sub-plots had either no-substrate (B0) or sand-substrate (B1). Cannibalism (K), survival (S), and four water quality parameters were recorded for 42 days. The data were analyzed using an ANOVA for a split-plot design and post-hoc Tukey. The results show that the sand substrate significantly (P>0.05) reduced cannibalism and increased survival of the P. pelagicus. Treatment A0B0, without substrate or shelter, showed the highest cannibalism (54±7%) and lowest survival rates (33±7%). While treatment A1B1, with Gracillaria sp. as shelter and sand as bottom-substrate resulted in the lowest cannibalism (4±7%) and highest survival rates (88±13%).
Indeks Ekologi Komunitas Tintinnid (Protozoa:Ciliophora) di Perairan Banggai, Sulawesi Tengah
Authors: Sugiyanto Nenden Rose , Widianingsih Widianingsih , Suryono Chrisna Adhi , Hartati Retno , Endrawati Hadi
Published: December 2024

There are several groups of organisms in zooplankton, including ciliates (Filum Ciliophora). Ciliates that live in the sea belong to the suborder tintininna or also often referred to as tintinnids. This study aims to determine the type and abundance and analyze the ecological index of the tintinnid community in Banggai Waters, Central Sulawesi. This research was conducted at 35 stations on 1 – 14 September 2022 in the Banggai Waters, Central Sulawesi. The samples were taken by vertical method. The results showed that 9 families, 20 genera, and 35 tintinnid species were identified. The abundance of tintinnids in Banggai Waters has an average of 5763 cells/m3. Furthermore, the distribution pattern of total abundance at each station shows a clustered distribution pattern. The diversity of tintinnid abundance in Banggai Waters has an average of 2.15, classified as moderate. Tintinnid uniformity in Banggai Waters has an average of 0.63 classified as high. The dominance of tintinnids in Banggai Waters has an average of 0.17 classified as low category. The relationship between total abundance and diversity index shows a positive correlation. Meanwhile, the relationship between the abundance and evenness indices and the dominance indices shows a negative correlation.  The study's results suggest that the condition of the tintinnid community in Banggai Waters is stable. Filum Ciliophora (Ciliata) termasuk dalam kelompok mikrozooplankton.  Ciliata yang hidup di laut termasuk ke dalam subordo Tintininna atau juga sering disebut dengan tintinnid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis, kelimpahan, dan indeks ekologi dari komunitas tintinnid yang berada di Perairan Banggai, Sulawesi Tengah. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada tanggal 1- 14 September  2022 di Perairan Sulawesi Tengah. Sampel  mikrozooplankton diambil secara vertikal pada 35 stasiun.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 9 famili, 20 genus, dan 35 spesies tintinnid yang teridentifikasi. Kelimpahan tintinnid di Perairan Banggai memiliki rata-rata sebesar 5763 sel/m3. Selanjutnya pola sebaran dari kelimpahan total di tiap stasiun menunjukkan pola sebaran mengelompok.  Kenekaragaman Kelimpahan tintinnid di Perairan Banggai memiliki rata-rata sebesar 2,15 tergolong kategori sedang.  Keseragaman tintinnid di Perairan Banggai memiliki rata-rata sebesar 0,63 tergolong kategori tinggi. .  Dominansi tintinnid di Perairan Banggai memiliki rata-rata sebesar 0,17 tergolong kategori rendah. Hubungan anatara kelimpahan total dengan indek keanekaragaman menjukkan korelasi positif. Sedangkan hunbungan antrara kelimpahan dengan indek keseragman dan  indek dominansi menjukkan adanya korelasi negatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kondisi komunitas tintinnid di Perairan Banggai termasuk stabil.
Gebhardt, Bruno: Ein jüdischer Historiker, der mit seinem Handbuch das Geschichtsbild der Deutschen prägte. Ein bio-bibliographischer Beitrag
Authors: Wyrwa Ulrich
Published: December 2024

Der Abschluss der völlig neu bearbeiteten 10. Auflage des „Gebhardt“ gibt Anlass, einen Blick auf den Namensgeber und Herausgeber der ersten Auflagen, Bruno Gebhardt, zu werfen. Der Aufsatz zeichnet den beruflichen und wissenschaftlichen Lebensweg des 1858 in Krotoschin in der preußischen Provinz Posen geborenen jüdischen Historikers Gebhardt nach. An der Universität Breslau hat er mit einem Stipendium der jüdischen Gemeinde Geschichte studiert und sein Studium 1883 mit Dissertation abgeschlossen. 1887 ging er nach Berlin, wo er an einer Städtischen Realschule unterrichtete. Weiterhin aktiv war Gebhardt auf dem Feld der Wissenschaften. So veröffentlichte er eine große Zahl von Aufsätzen und Rezensionen in mehreren wissenschaftlichen Zeitschriften. Daneben nahm er 1890 die Arbeit an jenem Projekt auf, das ihn berühmt machen sollte, dem „Handbuch der Deutschen Geschichte“. Bald nach dessen Erscheinen legte Gebhardt einen großformatigen, reich illustrierten Band mit Biographien der deutschen Kaiser vor. Es folgte eine für ein breites Publikum bestimmte Deutsche Geschichte im 19. Jahrhundert. Die größte wissenschaftliche Anerkennung aber hatte Bruno Gebhardt seinerzeit mit umfangreichen Studien über Wilhelm von Humboldt gefunden, die ihm auch den Professorentitel einbrachten. Gebhardt ist zwar fünf Jahre nach dem Erscheinen des Handbuchs aus der jüdischen Gemeinde ausgetreten, konvertiert aber ist er nicht. Der Aufsatz arbeitet so die Bedeutung heraus, die ein jüdischer Historiker wie Bruno Gebhardt für das Geschichtsbewusstsein und die historische Bildung in Deutschland erlangen konnte.
SAÚDE E GÊNERO: O ENFRENTAMENTO CITADÍNEO ÀS EPIDEMIAS NA ERA MODERNA LUSITANA E A REPRESENTAÇÃO DO CORPO DA MULHER
Authors: Pizolati Audrei Rodrigo da Conceição
Published: December 2024

Health and gender: the citizen address in Portugal to epidemics in the modern Lusitanian era and the representation of the woman’s bodyNo intuito de analisar como as epidemias dos séculos XVI e XVII assolaram o Portugal modernista, elencou-se como ferramenta teórica e metodológica os estudos foucaultianos sob a grade analítica da norma e do controle. À vista disso, no enfretamento as epidemias foram postas em práticas medidas de segurança pública visando cerceamento à circulação de indivíduos entre e nas cidades. Em concomitância, o estabelecimento das Santa Casas de Misericórdia almejava a salvação do corpo e da alma, ou seja, os cuidados com a saúde justapostos a fé católica professada pela sociedade e expressa nessas instituições. Nesse processo de cura e de entendimento da doença e do doente, debateu-se os efeitos das pestes no corpo, sobretudo na mulher, alvo de estudos no período. Esse interesse corroborava a tese de uma distinção entre homens e mulheres, mas não pela diferença em si, e sim a partir do aspecto evolutivo. Subentendia-se que a mulher estaria em um estágio anterior à evolução humana, sendo o homem branco o topo da cadeia evolutiva natural – física e cognitivamente. Ao que concerne as epidemias, atualmente, essas questões reverberam de outros modos no presente, em que o cuidado com a fronteira e o embate as epidemias ainda se fazem necessários, especialmente em tempos de Covid-19.Palavras-chave: Controle social; Corpo feminino; Epidemias. Abstract: In order to analyze how the epidemics of the 16th and 17th centuries plagued modernist Portugal, Foucaultian studies were listed as a theoretical and methodological tool under the analytical framework of norm and control. Therefore, in the fight against epidemics, public security measures were put in place to curb the movement of individuals between and in cities. Concomitantly, the implantation of the Santas Casas de Misericórdia aims at the salvation of body and soul, that is, health care juxtaposed with the Catholic faith professed by society and expressed in these institutions. In this process of healing and understanding the disease and the patient, the effects of pests on the body were discussed, especially on women, who were the target of studies in the period. This interest corroborated the thesis of a distinction between men and women, but not for the difference itself, but for the evolutionary aspect. It was understood that the woman would be in a stage prior to human evolution, with the white man being the top of the natural evolutionary chain - physically and cognitively. With regard to epidemics, these issues have repercussions in other ways today, in which care with the border and the fight against epidemics are still necessary, especially in Covid-19.Keywords: Social control; Feminine body; Epidemics.
TRABALHO NAS FAZENDAS DE CACAU: NA COSTA DO OURO (GANA) E NO SUL DA BAHIA (1920-1945)
Authors: Goulart Luciane Aparecida , Santos Flávio Gonçalves dos
Published: December 2024

Work on cocoa farms: in the Gold Coast (Ghana) and in the south of Bahia (1920-1945)A monocultura cacaueira impactou em muitos aspetos regiões como o sul da Bahia e países africanos como a Costa do Ouro (Gana). Trabalhadores e trabalhadoras deslocaram-se em busca de terras, melhores salários e condições de vida. Apesar de remodelarem essas regiões, esses trabalhadores não tiveram seus esforços valorizados. Preconceitos, crises e políticas institucionais minaram seu desenvolvimento, principalmente no período da entressafra. Utilizando a metodologia da história comparada, esse artigo busca apresentar alguns dados dos trabalhadores das fazendas de cacau nas duas costas atlânticas, no período entre 1920 e 1945.Palavras-chave: Cacau. Mobilidade geográfica. Trabalho.Abstract: Cocoa monoculture has impacted regions such as southern Bahia and African countries such as the Gold Coast (Ghana) in many aspects. Workers moved and migrated in search of land, better wages and living conditions. Despite remodeling these regions, these workers did not have their efforts valued. Prejudices, crises and institutional policies undermined the socioeconomic development of this social segment, considered lazy in the cocoa fields and vagabonds during the off-season. Using the methodology of comparative history, this article seeks to present some data from workers on cocoa farms on the two Atlantic coasts, in the period between 1920 and 1945.Keywords: Cocoa. Geography mobility. Work.
"MINHA GENTE, VAMOS TODOS RECLAMAR": AS DEMANDAS DA CLASSE TRABALHADORA DE FLORIANÓPOLIS EM A VERDADE (1952-1960)
Authors: Souza Jéssica Duarte de
Published: December 2024

"My people, let's all complain": the demands of the working class of Florianópolis in A Verdade (1952-1960) Sob a perspectiva da História Social, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as reivindicações da classe trabalhadora urbana de Florianópolis, na década de 1950. Esta pesquisa identificou as demandas de trabalhadores(as) da capital catarinense, a partir de reclamações de leitores(as) publicadas no periódico A Verdade, fundado por Manoel de Menezes em 1952, com circulação até 1960. Neste artigo, foram analisadas queixas sobre os problemas coletivos que a população de Florianópolis levou ao jornal, selecionadas entre assuntos que somaram 5% ou mais do total das reivindicações coletivas, todas referentes aos bairros do Distrito Sede da cidade em 1950. Os temas que compuseram a análise, em uma ordem decrescente de reclamações foram: custo de vida, transporte coletivo, problemas nas estradas, saneamento básico, energia elétrica/iluminação e saúde pública.Palavras-chaves: Classe trabalhadora. Direito à cidade. Reclamações populares. Abstract: From the perspective of Social History, this article aims to analyze the demands of the urban working class of Florianópolis, in the 1950s. This research identified the demands of urban workers in the capital of Santa Catarina, in the 1950s, from complaints of readers published in the periodical A Verdade, founded by Manoel de Menezes in 1952, which circulated until 1960. In this article, complaints about the collective problems that the population of Florianópolis took to the local newspaper were analyzed, selected among subjects that totaled 5 % or more of the total of the collective claims, all referring to the districts of the District Headquarters of the city in 1950. The topics that made up the analysis, in a descending order of complaints, were: cost of living, public transport, road problems, basic sanitation, electricity/lighting and public health. Key words: Working class. Right to the city. Popular complaints
Naturaleza, territorio y la mirada viajera
Authors: Moller González Natalia
Published: December 2024

El artículo analiza la forma en que películas realizadas por indígenas en el Ártico canadiense y la Amazonía brasileña intervienen las formas canónicas de representación de sus paisajes, especialmente aquellas alojadas en la noción de terra nullius o “tierra sin dueño” que produjeron y afianzaron los Estados nacionales en continuidad con imaginarios coloniales. El artículo pregunta, primero, por la forma en que ambas regiones fueron integradas simbólicamente al relato nacional en los albores de las formaciones republicanas. Para ello, revisa tanto escritos como obras fotográficas, fílmicas y pictóricas de viajeros que fueron enviados por los Estados nacionales canadiense y brasileño, al Ártico y a la Amazonía. Finalmente, propone que los cines indígenas responden a estas imágenes dominantes poniendo en escena “estéticas del habitar”, que desmienten la idea de un Ártico y una Amazonía vacíos, para articular argumentos estético-políticos que respaldan las demandas de soberanía y potestad sobre el territorio. Para ello, se analizan varias películas realizadas por la productora Igloolik Isuma en Nunavut, Canadá, y la organización Video nas aldeias en Brasil.
Recurrence Risks in Congenital Anomalies: A Comprehensive Guide for Parental Counseling
Authors: Mangla Mishu , Kumar Naina
Published: December 2024

Congenital anomalies present significant health challenges globally, affecting millions of children and contributing to mortality, morbidity, and disability. The immediate health needs of a fetus/neonate diagnosed with a congenital anomaly can overshadow discussions about future reproductive risks. This review explores the broad landscape of recurrence risks in common congenital anomalies and summarizes the implications for parental counseling.