bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neutrinos and Gamma Rays from Galaxy Clusters Constrained by the Upper Limits of IceCube
Authors: Hussain Saqib , de Gouveia Dal Pino Elisabete M. , Pagliaroli Giulia
Published: January 2024

Clusters of galaxies possess the capability to accelerate cosmic rays (CRs) to very high energy up to ∼1018 eV due to their large size and magnetic field strength, which favor CR confinement for cosmological times. During their confinement, they can produce neutrinos and γ-rays out of interactions with the background gas and photon fields. In recent work, Hussain et al. have conducted three-dimensional cosmological magnetohydrodynamical simulations of the turbulent intracluster medium combined with multidimensional Monte Carlo simulations of CR propagation for redshifts ranging from z ∼ 5 to z = 0 to study the multimessenger emission from these sources. They found that when CRs with a spectral index in the range 1.5–2.5 and cutoff energy

E

max

=

10

16

–

10

17

eV are injected into the system, they make significant contributions to the diffuse background emission of both neutrinos and γ-rays. In this work, we have revisited this model and undertaken further constraints on the parametric space. This was achieved by incorporating the recently established upper limits on neutrino emission from galaxy clusters, as obtained by the IceCube experiment. We find that for CRs injected with spectral indices in the range 2.0–2.5, cutoff energy

E

max

=

10

16

–

10

17

eV, and power corresponding to (0.1–1)% of the cluster luminosity, our neutrino flux aligns with the upper limits estimated by IceCube. Additionally, the resulting contribution from clusters to the diffuse γ-ray background remains significant with values of the order of ∼10−5 MeV cm−2 s−1 sr−1 at energies above 500 GeV.
WASP-69b’s Escaping Envelope Is Confined to a Tail Extending at Least 7 Rp
Authors: Tyler Dakotah , Petigura Erik A. , Oklopčić Antonija , David Trevor J.
Published: January 2024

Studying the escaping atmospheres of highly irradiated exoplanets is critical for understanding the physical mechanisms that shape the demographics of close-in planets. A number of planetary outflows have been observed as excess H/He absorption during/after transit. Such an outflow has been observed for WASP-69b by multiple groups that disagree on the geometry and velocity structure of the outflow. Here, we report the detection of this planet’s outflow using Keck/NIRSPEC for the first time. We observed the outflow 1.28 hr after egress until the target set, demonstrating the outflow extends at least 5.8 × 105 km or 7.5 Rp This detection is significantly longer than previous observations, which report an outflow extending ∼2.2 planet radii just 1 yr prior. The outflow is blueshifted by −23 km s−1 in the planetary rest frame. We estimate a current mass-loss rate of 1 M
⊕ Gyr−1. Our observations are most consistent with an outflow that is strongly sculpted by ram pressure from the stellar wind. However, potential variability in the outflow could be due to time-varying interactions with the stellar wind or differences in instrumental precision.
Erratum: “Steadiness of Coronal Heating” (2023, ApJ, 957, 25)
Authors: Judge P.
Published: January 2024

The text in subsection 4.3.2 of the published article contains confusing text and some algebraic errors in equations. The corrected text is listed below; it should replace the subsection.
Detection of Tm ii Lines in the Spectra of Two s-process Rich Stars
Authors: Začs Laimons , Kaminsky Bogdan , Puķı̄tis Kārlis
Published: January 2024

Thulium abundance is unknown in the atmospheres of low and medium-mass evolved stars. The reason is the weakness of lines and the crowded spectra. We examined the spectra of two late-type stars in a broad wavelength region to search for thulium lines. Thulium abundance was estimated in the atmospheres of barium star HD 204075 and post-asymptotic giant branch star HD 235858 for the first time,

log

ϵ
(
Tm
)
≃
0.1

and ≲1.3, respectively.
Ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm: don’t judge a book by its cover!
Authors: Yusuf M.M. , Kumar A.M.
Published: January 2024

Background: Ruptured Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (RSOV) has poor prognosis and a high mortality rate. Clinical suspicion is critical for prompt diagnosis and management. Case Presentation: A 33-year-old woman with no comorbidities, presented with persistent cough and recurrent lower respiratory tract infection for 2 years. Echocardiogram showed ruptured right sinus of Valsalva into right ventricle with calciﬁ ed ruptured membrane forming wind-sock morphology. When the patient was taken to the operating room, it was discovered that the RSOV had ruptured into the right atrium. She underwent excision of calciﬁ ed wind-sock tissue along with pericardial patch closure of ruptured right sinus. Conclusions: We discuss a case of an RSOV with atypical presentation, as well as a disparity in imaging features and surgical ﬁ ndings.
Le job crafting : Quels comportements proactifs des soignants pour faire face aux tensions de rôles engendrées par la crise covid ?
Authors: Routelous Christelle , Le Hesran Anne-Lise , Sader Myra
Published: January 2024

Nous questionnons dans cet article la capacité des soignants à réguler les tensions de rôles qui se sont manifestées à l’occasion de la crise covid 19. Nous mobilisons dans cette optique une recherche réalisée auprès de 24 soignants, entre novembre 2020 et mars 2021. L’analyse porte sur les stratégies déployées par les soignants pour faire face aux tensions de rôles générées par la crise covid dans un contexte de travail déjà en tension. Nos résultats mettent en relief plusieurs stratégies adaptatives des soignants, en particulier pour faire face à la charge de travail et aux dilemmes éthiques générés par les mesures de confinement des usagers des établissements médico-sociaux. Sur le plan théorique, notre recherche enrichit la littérature sur les tensions de rôles en soulignant le rôle du job crafting (travail de façonnage) dans leur régulation. Sur le plan empirique, nos résultats soulignent le rôle des comportements proactifs des individus comme moyens pour l’organisation de tenir dans ce contexte exceptionnel de la crise covid. Les limites de ce travail tiennent à ce que le job crafting est ici envisagé essentiellement dans le cadre de changements imposés par la crise covid et non en temps ordinaire. La discussion esquisse quelques pistes sur les enjeux de la prise en compte des comportements discrétionnaires des collaborateurs, enjeux qui pourront être approfondis dans le cadre de recherches futures.
Mobilités et (in-)sécurisation des personnels : la responsabilité de l’organisation et ses leviers d’action en question
Authors: Gurtner Emmanuelle , Habran Yves , Guimaraes Renato
Published: January 2024

La recherche repose sur une étude de cas basée sur des observations et des entretiens menés dans un hôpital à l’occasion de la crise sanitaire et porte sur la mobilisation massive et imposée des personnels des hôpitaux dans les services covid lors de la pandémie. La mobilité interne temporaire et intermittente dans une même organisation est un phénomène peu étudié. Or, si elle peut avoir des conséquences positives, comme une meilleure utilisation des ressources, des apprentissages individuels et collectifs, elle peut aussi engendrer des conséquences négatives pour les personnes, freinant les mobilités ultérieures et impactant la capacité de l’organisation à mobiliser ses ressources. La recherche questionne alors le lien entre les mobilités internes temporaires, forcées et répétées, et l’insécurisation des personnels concernés. L’étude montre que ces mobilités entraînent pour les personnes des écarts de compétences et des pertes de repères (spatiaux, relationnels et organisationnels) qui constituent des sources d’insécurisation. Elle révèle aussi certains facteurs organisationnels permettant d’y remédier. Au final, la recherche apporte une contribution théorique originale mettant en lien la littérature sur la mobilité et celle sur la sécurité psychologique, et proposant un cadre dynamique au concept de sécurité psychologique. Elle permet aussi de pointer la responsabilité des organisations dans l’(in-)sécurisation des personnes. Enfin, la contribution managériale consiste à identifier des leviers RH, organisationnels et managériaux, permettant d’agir, sur différents axes et selon différentes temporalités, afin de réduire cette insécurisation, et donc diminuer les coûts d’ajustement subis par les individus dans les organisations devant disposer en tant et en heure de ressources là où les besoins se font sentir.
Transitioning from coal to solar: A cost-benefit analysis for sustainable power generation in Indonesia
Authors: Sugiyono Agus , Rahardjo Irawan , Wijaya Prima Trie , Dwijatmiko Afri , Aminuddin  , Siregar Erwin , Fithri Silvy Rahmah , Niode Nona , Fitriana Ira
Published: January 2024

The greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions contribution from power generation in Indonesia reaches 40% of the total GHG emissions in the energy sector because of the use of fossil fuels. The government aims to minimize GHG emissions in the power generation sector, one of which is the phase-out of coal power plants and replacing them with integrated photovoltaic (PV) power plants with battery energy storage systems (BESS). A cost-benefit analysis compared two development scenarios for 2023–2060. The base scenario continues developing coal power plants, and the phase-out scenario replaces coal power plants with integrated PV power plants and BESS. The analysis is solely focused on the financial costs and benefits for power plant investors. The results indicate that the present value of costs for the base scenario from 2023–2036 is initially lower compared to the phase-out scenario. However, in the long term, the costs of the phase-out scenario will gradually decrease and become more affordable. The benefit-cost ratio for the phase-out scenario is 2.36, while the base scenario is 2.12, indicating that the phase-out scenario is more prospective for future development. Additionally, the phase-out scenario has the advantage of achieving the net-zero emissions target by 2056 compared to the base scenario.
Attention-guided cross-modal multiple feature aggregation network for RGB-D salient object detection
Authors: Chen Bojian , Wu Wenbin , Li Zhezhou , Han Tengfei , Chen Zhuolei , Zhang Weihao
Published: January 2024

The goal of RGB-D salient object detection is to aggregate the information of the two modalities of RGB and depth to accurately detect and segment salient objects. Existing RGB-D SOD models can extract the multilevel features of single modality well and can also integrate cross-modal features, but it can rarely handle both at the same time. To tap into and make the most of the correlations of intra- and inter-modality information, in this paper, we proposed an attention-guided cross-modal multi-feature aggregation network for RGB-D SOD. Our motivation was that both cross-modal feature fusion and multilevel feature fusion are crucial for RGB-D SOD task. The main innovation of this work lies in two points: One is the cross-modal pyramid feature interaction (CPFI) module that integrates multilevel features from both RGB and depth modalities in a bottom-up manner, and the other is cross-modal feature decoder (CMFD) that aggregates the fused features to generate the final saliency map. Extensive experiments on six benchmark datasets showed that the proposed attention-guided cross-modal multiple feature aggregation network (ACFPA-Net) achieved competitive performance over 15 state of the art (SOTA) RGB-D SOD methods, both qualitatively and quantitatively.
The influence of synaptic strength and noise on the robustness of central pattern generator
Authors: Zhan Feibiao , Song Jian , Liu Shenquan
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we explore the mechanisms of central pattern generators (CPGs), circuits that can generate rhythmic patterns of motor activity without external input. We study the half-center oscillator, a simple form of CPG circuit consisting of neurons connected by reciprocally inhibitory synapses. We examine the role of asymmetric coupling factors in shaping rhythm activity and how different network topologies contribute to network efficiency. We have discovered that neurons with lower synaptic strength are more susceptible to noise that affects rhythm changes. Our research highlights the importance of asymmetric coupling factors, noise, and other synaptic parameters in shaping the broad regimes of CPG rhythm. Finally, we compare three topology types' regular regimes and provide insights on how to locate the rhythm activity.
A ternary mixture model with dynamic boundary conditions
Authors: Liu Shuang , Wu Yue , Zhao Xueping
Published: January 2024

The influence of short-range interactions between a multi-phase, multi-component mixture and a solid wall in confined geometries is crucial in life sciences and engineering. In this work, we extend the Cahn-Hilliard model with dynamic boundary conditions from a binary to a ternary mixture, employing the Onsager principle, which accounts for the cross-coupling between forces and fluxes in both the bulk and surface. Moreover, we have developed a linear, second-order and unconditionally energy-stable numerical scheme for solving the governing equations by utilizing the invariant energy quadratization method. This efficient solver allows us to explore the impacts of wall-mixture interactions and dynamic boundary conditions on phenomena like spontaneous phase separation, coarsening processes and the wettability of droplets on surfaces. We observe that wall-mixture interactions influence not only surface phenomena, such as droplet contact angles, but also patterns deep within the bulk. Additionally, the relaxation rates control the droplet spreading on surfaces. Furthermore, the cross-coupling relaxation rates in the bulk significantly affect coarsening patterns. Our work establishes a comprehensive framework for studying multi-component mixtures in confined geometries.
Qualitative behavior of a highly non-linear Cutaneous Leishmania epidemic model under convex incidence rate with real data
Authors: Alqhtani Manal , Saad Khaled M. , Zarin Rahat , Khan Amir , Hamanah Waleed M.
Published: January 2024

In the context of this investigation, we introduce an innovative mathematical model designed to elucidate the intricate dynamics underlying the transmission of Anthroponotic Cutaneous Leishmania. This model offers a comprehensive exploration of the qualitative characteristics associated with the transmission process. Employing the next-generation method, we deduce the threshold value $ R_0 $ for this model. We rigorously explore both local and global stability conditions in the disease-free scenario, contingent upon $ R_0 $ being less than unity. Furthermore, we elucidate the global stability at the disease-free equilibrium point by leveraging the Castillo-Chavez method. In contrast, at the endemic equilibrium point, we establish conditions for local and global stability, when $ R_0 $ exceeds unity. To achieve global stability at the endemic equilibrium, we employ a geometric approach, a Lyapunov theory extension, incorporating a secondary additive compound matrix. Additionally, we conduct sensitivity analysis to assess the impact of various parameters on the threshold number. Employing center manifold theory, we delve into bifurcation analysis. Estimation of parameter values is carried out using least squares curve fitting techniques. Finally, we present a comprehensive discussion with graphical representation of key parameters in the concluding section of the paper.
FORENSIC NAVALARCHITECTURE – RECREATING WATERBIRD, THE WORLD’S OLDEST OPERATIONAL SEAPLANE
Authors: Gifford J , Wrobel P
Published: January 2024

On Lake Windermere in November 1911 Waterbird conducted the first successful flight in the world of a craft with a “stepped hull”. Over a century later a replica was built using available historical information but the first water trials in 2020 showed what history failed to record, the craft was unstable in both roll and pitch. The hull and floats had to be re-designed from first principles.
Although successful at low speeds, violent porpoising occurred at 25 knots. The design of modern seaplanes was of little help since Waterbird’s two-step configuration quickly became obsolete. Further changes were made based on empiricism, historical deduction and engineering intuition, leading to successful flight trials on Windermere in 2022. The question remains of exactly what worked in 1911?
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF WOODEN BOATS
Authors: Souppez J-B R G
Published: January 2024

The contemporary environmental challenges faced by the maritime industry have triggered a regain of interest in wood as a sustainable material. Modern classics and replicas of historical vessels have been increasingly popular. However, owing to their historical nature and small market share, wooden yachts and small ships do not benefit from a robust and detailed regulatory framework. Instead, their structural design remains driven by designer and builder experience, historical scantlings and rules of thumb. As such, the lack of detailed regulations for the scantlings of traditional timber vessels has been identified as a limitation to their wider implementation in the maritime industry. Consequently, this paper explores existing regulations and recent experimental research to provide novel insights in to wooden structures and their associated scantling rules.
First, a classification of wooden boatbuilding techniques is offered. Then, the lower carbon footprint of traditional carvel construction compared to modern cold moulding, strip planking, and plywood construction is quantified. Finally, recommendations are provided regarding the remaining outstanding research questions that need to be addressed to ensure reliable traditional wooden boat scantlings in modern regulations.
It is anticipated these findings will facilitate the wider adoption of wooden construction for small crafts, support the use of more sustainable materials, and may further contribute to the development of future regulations.
La recepció de Maragall a França
Authors: Güell Mònica
Published: January 2024

On étudie ici la réception –assez faible– de Joan Maragall en France, à travers l'examen des anthologies poétiques et des articles publiés en France ou en langue française, en s'attachant plus précisément aux introductions.
La recepció de Joan Maragall en el món anglosaxó
Authors: Roser i Puig Montserrat
Published: January 2024

Cet article propose un panorama de la diffusion de l’œuvre de Joan Maragall dans les Iles Britanniques et aux Etats Unis. On évoque un grand nombre de publications de ses poèmes et d’autres écrits en catalan et en anglais ainsi que des ouvrages de critique littéraire depuis le début du XXe jusqu’au début du XXIe siècle, et on aborde plus spécifiquement la critique des professeurs Arthur Terry et Geoffrey Ribbans ainsi que les techniques du «New Criticism».
Development of Biosensor for early Detection of COVID-19
Authors: Abu Bakar Asyraf Hakimi , Mohamad Nor Noorhashimah , Lockman Zainovia , Parmin Nor Azizah , Razak Khairunisak Abdul
Published: January 2024

Infectious disease such as COVID-19 is one of the major concerns in Malaysia as it becomes the second killing disease and causes huge number of death and spread to other regions of the world if left unchecked. In developed countries, infectious diseases are often preventable, but lack of medical devices in detecting it makes the death cases increase. The growth of different COVID-19 mutation has given so much challenges in detecting, preventing and curing. This gives motivation to researchers in order to solve this global problem by creating and advancing the detection tools and methods. Time, equipment availability, and the biological nature of COVID-19 influence the selection of appropriate detection techniques. This paper summarizes the comprehensive review on the type of diagnostic tests and biosensors available in detecting COVID-19 disease.
Comparison of Artificial Neural Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Model in Predicting the Outlet Flow Rate of Passive Treatment System Column
Authors: Ku Ishak Ku Esyra Hani , Jie Ooi Wei , Anuar Khairul Yusra Khairul , Ismail Suhaina , Mohd Halim Mohd Syazwan
Published: January 2024

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the major environmental problems the mining and mineral processing industries face. Treatment of AMD involves active and passive treatment. In the long term, passive treatment is the most effective way to treat acid mine drainage, but it can be expensive. if handled properly. Therefore, the study of flow rate in a passive treatment system is one of the important ways to identify optimum hydraulic retention time to ensure the maximum percentage of heavy metal removal can be achieved while keeping the cost to a minimum level. This study focused on developing and comparing the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) model and Artificial Neural Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model to predict the outlet flow rate of the passive treatment system column based on three parameters inlet flow time, thickness of peat soil bed, and inlet flow rate. The RSM model was created by Design-Expert software whereas MATLAB created the ANFIS model with 80% of data used for the model training and 20% of the data for model testing. The models' performances were compared in terms of statistical errors (AAPE, RMSE, R2, STD, minimum error, and maximum error). It was found the ANFIS model has performed better in predicting the outlet flowrate with R2 value of 0.99 RSM model with the value of 0.97. The inlet flow rate was an insignificant parameter affecting the outlet flow rate of the passive treatment column. From the 3-D surface response plot, the highest outlet flow rate is predicted to be 524 mL/min.
Effect of the Non-Linear Radiative Unsteady Mixed Convective Flow over a Curved Stretching Surface with Soret and Dufour Effects: A Numerical Study
Authors: Jamir Temjennaro , Konwar Hemanta
Published: January 2024

The subject of unsteady convective flow with non-linear thermal radiation has become an important issue of research, due to its implications in advanced energy conversion systems operating at high temperature, solar energy technology and chemical process at high operation temperature. Due to the importance of this issue, a time dependent incompressible viscous fluid flow, heat and mass transfer over a curved stretching surface has been numerically analysed by taking into account the heat flux due to concentration gradient and mass flux due to temperature gradient. Together with this the Rosseland approximation is being employed for the nonlinear thermal radiation impact in presence of thermal slip. With the aid of non-dimensional variables and the corresponding physical boundary conditions, the leading nonlinear momentum, energy, and species equations are converted into a set of coupled ordinary differential equations. These equations are then resolved using the MATLAB bvp4c solver. The stability of the numerical technique has been verified and compared with available literatures. The resultant parameters of engineering interest and the boundary layer flow field parameters and have been presented using tables and graphically plots. The study concludes that for lesser curvature parameter (0.5≤K≤0.7) the surface drag force, heat and mass transfer rates can improve by about 9.59%, 2.87% and 1.67% each respectively. The presence of the temperature ratio parameter and the non-linear thermal radiation are found to greatly influence the temperature profile and the heat transfer rate of the system. Results show that the heat transfer rate improves by about 24.39% and 16.66% for varying non-linear thermal radiation (1≤Rd≤1.5) and temperature ratio parameter (1.2≤θw≤1.4) respectively. Results obtained also show that improving the thermal slip parameter (0.4≤L≤0.6) can reduce heat transfer rate by about 13.62% and reduce the surface temperature profile.
Investigation of Structural, Morphological and Luminescent Features of Eu3+ Activated Molybdate Based Phosphor for W-LED Applications
Authors: Sharma Pranjali , Kaushik Muskan , Jayasimhadri Mula
Published: January 2024

In the present work, NaBi(MoO4)2 (NBM) phosphor has been successfully synthesized by doping 1.0 mol% of Eu3+ via the conventional solid state reaction technique. The undoped synthesized NBM sample and 1.0 mol% Eu3+ doped phosphor were characterized to explore crystal structure, morphology, photoluminescence (PL) and colorimetric properties using various characterization techniques. The structural properties were analysed via x-ray diffraction and diffraction peaks were compared with the standard JCPDS (card no. 79-2240) pattern. The morphological studies of the sample have been done through FE-SEM micrograph. From the photoluminescence emission spectra, it has been observed that an intense peak was obtained in the at 615 nm under blue excitation. Colorimetric property of 1.0 mol% of Eu3+ doped NBM phosphor has been investigated and traced in the red region with high color purity of 92.79%. The aforementioned characteristics demonstrate that the NaBi(MoO4)2: 1.0Eu3+ phosphor has great potential in the field of w-LED applications.
Fatigue Crack Propagation in 5754 Aluminum Alloy under Four-Point Bending
Authors: Makhatha Mamookho Elizabeth , Kumar Pawan , Baruwa D.A.
Published: January 2024

The aluminum 5754 alloy is one of the widely used engineering materials in shipping, rivet making, tread plates and automotive industries. These engineering structures envisage variable loading conditions during their service. In addition to it, it is also experiencing seismic vibrations. Hence, the engineering components made from such aluminum alloy are susceptible to fatigue fracture. In the current study, the prediction of fatigue crack growth (FCG) in 5754 aluminum alloy was made using the exponential function. The beam specimen comes up with a cross-section of 25X25 mm2, a span length of 300 mm with a mechanical notch length of 2.70 mm at the centre was subjected to four-point bending (FPB) employing hydraulic INSTRON 8800 tensile testing apparatus. The periodic loading condition deformed the material up to large plastic deformation. The applied load was further down the elasticity of the material. The experimental data provided the relation between crack length (a) to the number of cycles (N) to failure. The response surface methodology (RSM) and modified exponential equation were used to predict the FCG. In RSM, when “stress intensity factor (K)” and “number of the cycle (N)" were considered independent variables, the response (a) was optimum (maximum) as compared to when “stress intensity factor range (del K)” and “fatigue crack growth rate (da/dN)” were considered independent variables. Hence, for designing the aluminum 5754 alloys as engineering structures, it was the number of cycles which provides a safe design as compared to da/dN. The modified exponential equation using an exponential function predicted the FCG for aluminum 5754 alloy in the form of a beam specimen. The anticipated results agreed with experimental data as the prediction ratio was 1.20 and the % deviation was 3.7.
Numerical Investigation of the Magnetohydrodynamic Mixed Convection inside an Extended Curved Duct in the Presence of a Nanofluid of Different Metallic Oxides Nanoparticles
Authors: Derbal Djamila , Bouzit Mohamed , Mokhefi Abderrahim , Bouzit Fayçal
Published: January 2024

The numerical work presented in this paper focuses on the influence of the magnetic field and the nanoparticles metallic nature on the hydrodynamic and thermal behavior of a nanofluid flowing in an extended curved duct. It deals with a semi-toroidal curved duct with an expanded circular section. The narrowed part of this duct from which the nanofluid enters with a cold temperature, is considered to be thermally insulated. However, the extended part is kept at a constant hot temperature. The nanoparticles used in the present study respectively are Alumina (Al2O3), copper oxide (CuO) and iron trioxide (Fe3O4). In this study, the effects of inertia, buoyancy and Lorentz forces as well as the metallic nature of the nanoparticles suspended in the pure water have been highlighted on the thermal, hydrodynamic and economic levels. The study is based on the resolution of the classical monophasic equations governing the non-isothermal flow of nanofluids by the use of finite element method, namely: the mass, momentum and energy equations. The obtained results have shown that the buoyancy and inertia forces strongly favor the global heat exchange rate. Moreover, the magnetic force acts negatively on these thermal exchanges. Furthermore, the CuO nanoparticles have demonstrated a better heat transfer rate, approximately 7% higher than that of pure water. Nevertheless, according to the economic needs, we suggest we suggest using alumina nanoparticles, as their transfer rate is comparable to that of CuO nanoparticles. It should be noted, that this study provides important insights for many industrial applications where the curved ducts are strongly presented.
Simulation of Design Optimization and Performance of CoCrMo Acetabular Hip Prosthesis Implants on Climbing Stairs Activity Using Finite Element Method
Authors: Ardian Fahny , Setiyorini Yuli , Pintowantoro Sungging , Abdul Fakhreza , Ilman Kariza Defarrel Aqil
Published: January 2024

Damage or a loss of strength in this hip joint can occur as a result of calcification, aging, the development of illnesses such as osteoporosis, arthritis, and bone cancer, and it can also be permanently destroyed by accidents. As a result, an artificial hip prosthesis can be implanted to prevent undesirable outcomes. Throughout the jumping, running, and walking cycles, the hip joint is the most essential load-bearing and shock-absorbing component in the lower half body. As a result, using a finite element analysis technique, this work simulates the design of an Artificial Hip Joint with holes and thickness as variables, using CoCrMo acetabular implant material. ANSYS 19.1 software with transient structural characteristics will be used to simulate providing the load with the activity of climbing stairs. According to the findings of this study, the acetabular design with a thickness of 3 mm and 5 holes is the most optimal. This is due to the design's distribution of stress, strain, and total deformation being the most ideal and having a relatively low weight with appropriate usage period and safety factor forecasts.
Factors Affecting the Sustainable Secure Supply of Minerals
Authors: Saleki Meisam , Hashim Mohd Hazizan Bin Mohd
Published: January 2024

Sustainability is one of the most challenging concepts in the global mining industry. The purpose of this is to limit the harmful effects of mineral extraction on the environment and at the same time to meet the present and future needs of civilization. Therefore, we should blaze the path leading to sustainability and supply security, as well as identify the factors affecting these concepts. Thus, in this paper, the main factors are listed and defined. They are divided into two main categories: the positives and the negatives. The positives are the longevity of the minerals' mining, the index of the annual met need, the environmental-social condition of the resources, and the condition of the resources in friend countries. Also, the negative ones are the harmful chemicals released, the energy required per ton of minerals, annual CO2 emitted per ton, and recyclability. Accordingly, the factors can be used to make a strategic plan for the future of the minerals supply of a country. So, the framework developed leads the authorities to find the solutions to the sustainability of minerals' supply and increase the security of mining productions.
Analysis of Flettner Rotor to Reduce Carbon Emissions in Container and Bulk Carriers
Authors: Pradana Muhammad Fahruriza , Ichsan Fikri Abdulhakim , Noche Bernd
Published: January 2024

One thousand seventy-six million tonnes, or 2,89% of world carbon emissions, result from maritime transportation annually. One of the solutions to tapering down this trend is to create fossil-free renewable energy. Due to weather conditions, wind energy is the potential energy to achieve significant fuel savings. Flettner rotor is feasible for several container carriers with various deadweight tonnage (DWT), rotor dimensions, and efficiency results. This research conducted in the Indonesian Sea uses a parametric calculation to analyze the application of the Flettner rotor in several types of bulk and container carriers with six rotor specifications to minimize carbon emission and optimize the load. This study shows the optimal efficiency of ships after using the Flettner rotor. Flettner rotor can reduce 330.15 kg of fuel in 251,667 DWT of bulk carrier and 559,22 kg on 94,727 DWT container carrier. This study also proves the decrease of carbon emission to 288.86 kg in the bulk carrier and 488.98 kg of carbon emission from the container carrier after using the Flettner rotor. This result of efficiencies can be modified and raised according to the number of installed rotors.
Rheology Investigation of Metal Injection Molding Feedstock Based on Powder Particle Shape and Solid Loading
Authors: Widyastuti Widyastuti , Kurniawan Budi Agung , Wibowo Adhy Prihatmiko , Falah Eka Nurul , Wijaya Sugiarto Putra , Aditya Pratama Afrizal , Safrida Ninik , Ali Faizah
Published: January 2024

Metal injection molding (MIM) feedstock is composed of Cu powder and a complex binder system that consists of PA6, MgSt, and GMS with various solid loading (43-53vol%). Cu powders used are fabricated by gas and water atomization. Powder particle shapes used have spherical and dendritic shapes. Sphericity of particles can be identified by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). A rheology test is used to ensure the optimum solid loading and investigate the influence of particle shape. The pseudo-plastic behavior of all the feedstock is exhibited by decreasing viscosity along with increasing shear rate for all working temperatures. In this study, rheological test result such as viscosity, flow activation energy, and flow behavior index of feedstock indicates that the optimum solid loading was selected as 43 vol%. Both gas and water atomized powders are desirable for MIM feedstock. According to the rheology behavior test, gas-atomized powders with spherical shape has better rheology stability than water-atomized powders with dendritic shape. The proper MIM feedstock was selected to solid loading 43 vol% with gas-atomized powders.
Dynamic Modeling Simulation of Regenerator for Glass Furnace Applications
Authors: Kusnanto Andar , Kurniawan Teguh , Pitaloka Alia Badra
Published: January 2024

The melting process in the glass industry is an energy-intensive process that uses fossil fuels to maintain melting temperatures between 1600°C and 1700°C. The process is carried out in the Glass Furnace. Obtained the high temperature also of flue gas is around 1350 °C – 1500 °C. Hence with the high temperature is potential to heat recovery in the form of combustion air pre-heating using a regenerator to increase the efficiency in Glass Furnace. This phenomenon gave rise to an idea to create a modelling mathematic to know the optimum process in Glass Furnace. Many studies on Glass furnace regenerator have been carried out but only for one cyclic of heat transfer in regenerator. Therefore, in this study, dynamic modeling of the regenerator will be made, namely a mathematical model that describes quantitatively the dynamic behavior during the process of reversing the direction between the regenerators, which will later explain the effect of air flow rate and the selection of the optimal transition time value for the demonstration, regenerator work and regenerator heat stability, by observing the dynamic behavior of the regenerator temperature profile using the FlexPDE software version 7. The simulation results show that the longer the switching time of regenerator is linier to inclining temperature in the regenerator with the optimum switching time (ST) at 10 minutes. The regenerator heat stability greatly influenced by air flow rate and heat propagation by heat transfer convection. However, the dimension selection of the regenerator plays a crucial role in heat utilization in glass furnaces.
Investigating the Impact of Short Burden and Spacing on Blasting Output in Zeberced Quarry
Authors: Saka Mumini Babatunde , Ayoola Sunday Oluwafemi , Hashim Mohd Hazizan Bin Mohd
Published: January 2024

Blasting has been adjudged as the cheapest method of hard rock fragmentation. The itinerary of rock breakage through blasting in open pit mines is a complex portent which is measured via various variables and parameters. This research investigates the impact of short burden and spacing on blasting output with the aim of establishing a more suitable and economically viable approach. Trials and proposed methods were adopted to investigate blasting geometry results. Results obtained showed that the trials method of 1.2 m by 1.2 m and proposed blasts method of 2.0 m by 2.0 m burden and spacing at 9m depth, covered areas were 80.64 m2 and 99.36 m2 respectively, while at 12 m depth with same blasting geometry covered 224 m2 and 276 m2 respectively. The first trial and proposed blasts methods using burden and spacing of 1.2 m by 1.2 m produced 2,583.71 tons and 2,387.62 tons respectively. Hence, with the use of 2.0 m by 2.0 m burden and spacing, the blasts operations produced 7,176.96 tons and 6,632.28 tons respectively. Meanwhile, the results revealed that, short burden (≤ 1.2 m by 1.2 m) threatens safety in which flyrocks are spawned and it’s dangerous to equipment and personnel, at the same time, the areas covered, quantity produced (i.e. volume) and the tonnage were small compared to the engineering control methods. However, it was found that the trials blast methods were not economically worthwhile in terms of explosive consumption compared to the proposed measure of the geometry.
Implementation of Vue Js and Laravel on Monitoring Battery Management System
Authors: Purnomo Fendi Aji , Setyaningsih Dewi Maharani , Liset Gravilian Megarifera , Nurfi Rike Aqila , Sulistyawan Sugeng , Suci Windhu Griyasti , Purwanto Agus , Aliwarga Harry Kasuma Kiwi
Published: January 2024

This study aims to develop an Internet of Things (IoT) based Battery Management System that monitors battery operation and performance in real-time. They used an Agile Methodology to build a BMS Monitoring System, using the Vue js framework and Laravel. The battery monitoring system provides information on battery temperature, current, and voltage data, essential for monitoring battery conditions below or over limits. The interface is accessible via desktop and mobile devices. This research resulted in real-time temperature (temperature on sensor 1, temperature on sensor 2, temperature on sensor 3, and maximum temperature limit) , current (maximum current limit, current total, and minimum current limit) , and voltage (maximum voltage limit, total voltage, and minimum voltage limit) monitoring based on certain time intervals.
Genetic control of fruit length, external colour and number of fruits per vine in bitter gourd studied using Charantia × Muricata crosses
Authors: Kumari H.M.P.S. , Nisansala P.U. , Wijewardhana E.P. , Sumanasinghe D.P. , Abeysiriwardena D.S. De Z. , Kusalani T.L.C.N.
Published: January 2024

The present study was undertaken to ascertain the genetic control of external fruit colour, fruit length, and the number of fruits per vine in bitter gourd using reciprocal crosses of Momordica charantia var. muricata and M. charantia var. charantia and to identify suitable lines of M. charantia var. muricata to be used in bitter gourd improvement programmes. Muricata accession collected from Girandurukotte (GK), Sri Lanka, was selected as a suitable accession for crop improvement based on higher gynoecy and consistency of characteristics. Crossing success between Charantia and Muricata varieties was 100 % indicating cross-compatibility between the two types. External fruit colour, fruit length and the number of fruits per vine of bitter gourd were found to be quantitative traits, potentially controlled by many genes, each with a small effect. The number of fruits per vine was found to show cytoplasmic inheritance, as the F1 generation recorded fruit numbers per vine similar to those of Charantia varieties, when Charantia varieties were used as the female parent of the reciprocal crosses made between Charantia and Muricata varieties. However, the suspected cytoplasmic effect was not useful, as it influenced to reduce the number of fruits per vine. In addition, the number of fruits per vine showed several transgressive segregants in both extremes of the F2 populations. In bitter gourd improvement programmes, GK Muricata accession may be used to improve cultivated Charantia varieties with respect to fruit characteristics such as external fruit colour, fruit length and the number of fruits per vine through a breeding program with the directional selection made towards obtaining the desired characters.
Biodegradation of the cyanotoxin cylindrospermopsin by Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus luteus and Alcaligenes faecalis 
Authors: Peduruarachchi H.T. , Liyanage G.Y. , Idroos F.S. , Ekanayake M.S. , Manage P.M.
Published: January 2024

Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a cyanotoxin found in natural waters, with potential risk to human health through the inhibition of protein synthesis. Despite the implementation of conventional water treatment procedures, complete removal of CYN remains a question due to its heat-stable nature. Hence, contamination of water sources with CYN is a challenge in providing safe drinking water throughout the world. The present study was conducted to test the ability to degrade CYN at 280C and pH 7, of four bacterial strains: Bacillus cereus-Y, Bacillus cereus-S (B. cereus-S), Micrococcus luteus, and Alcaligenes faecalis, which were previously isolated from different water sources as different hydrocarbon degraders. The CYN degradation kinetics of each bacterial species were studied using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The greatest CYN degradation (28.22 ± 0.24%) was shown by the bacterium B. cereus-S in 5.0 mg/L CYN within 14 days. The CYN degradation by the other strains was lower than 10% under the same conditions. Further studies employing different initial concentrations of CYN revealed that B. cereus-S could degrade lower CYN concentrations at a higher percentage (1.0 mg/L, 2.5 mg/L, and 5.0 mg/L of CYN removal percentages were 36.83 ± 2.43%, 32.25 ± 1.25%, and 24.72 ± 0.40%, respectively, after 14 days of incubation at 280C and pH 7). The maximum average degradation rates were recorded for 1.0 mg/L, 2.5 mg/L, and 5.0 mg/L CYN on the 6th (0.05 ± 0.00 mg/L/day), 8th (0.04 ± 0.01 mg/L/day), and 12th (0.02 ± 0.01 mg/L/day) days of incubation, respectively. The study showed the potentiality of the bacterium B. cereus-S on the application for degrading CYN among the tested bacteria species.
Reliability of the primary scientific literature
Authors: Abeysekera A.
Published: January 2024

The confidence that scientists and the public have in the reliability of the primary scientific literature stems from a cardinal feature of scientific knowledge itself; that it is public knowledge open to verification by anyone independently, and that its validity does not depend upon the authority of the individual/persons reporting the knowledge. Thus, it has been the norm that extravagant claims made on deliberately falsified data (or wrongly interpreted data driven by an overabundance of enthusiasm) were rare, and exposed early on after publication. Retractions, when made by authors due to honest errors, served to enhance the confidence in scientific knowledge, and is considered a demonstration of the inherent nature of scientific knowledge to correct itself, as it progresses.However, the large number of retractions by publishers that are now being reported has made a dent in this confidence. It was recently reported in Nature that there were over 10,000 retractions in 2023. The reasons for the retractions were multifarious, and included papers identified as coming from paper mills, papers where images and data had been manipulated and papers published after fraudulent peer review.Of special interest was the observation that the largest number of retractions were from special issues related to specific topics or conference proceedings. There is a legitimate view that special issues serve a purpose and can enhance the profile of a journal. Nevertheless, it is ironical that special issues today are not special, but have become common, and have lost the original high purpose for which they were intended; to bring together a limited number of papers by established scientists on an emerging topic of relevance and current interest, which could spur on further development.Editorial boards need to be alert to the increasing amount of malpractice among unethical practitioners professing to be scientists. The COPE documents on retractions provide sound and practical guidelines to minimize the publication of dubious papers which would need to be retracted later.
Unveiling DNA methylation in Alzheimer’s disease: a review of array-based human brain studies
Authors: Alves Victoria Cunha , Carro Eva , Figueiro-Silva Joana
Published: January 2024

The intricacies of Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis are being increasingly illuminated by the exploration of epigenetic mechanisms, particularly DNA methylation. This review comprehensively surveys recent human-centered studies that investigate whole genome DNA methylation in Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology. The examination of various brain regions reveals distinctive DNA methylation patterns that associate with the Braak stage and Alzheimer’s disease progression. The entorhinal cortex emerges as a focal point due to its early histological alterations and subsequent impact on downstream regions like the hippocampus. Notably, ANK1 hypermethylation, a protein implicated in neurofibrillary tangle formation, was recurrently identified in the entorhinal cortex. Further, the middle temporal gyrus and prefrontal cortex were shown to exhibit significant hypermethylation of genes like HOXA3, RHBDF2, and MCF2L, potentially influencing neuroinflammatory processes. The complex role of BIN1 in late-onset Alzheimer’s disease is underscored by its association with altered methylation patterns. Despite the disparities across studies, these findings highlight the intricate interplay between epigenetic modifications and Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Future research efforts should address methodological variations, incorporate diverse cohorts, and consider environmental factors to unravel the nuanced epigenetic landscape underlying Alzheimer’s disease progression.
Mechanism of Cu entry into the brain: many unanswered questions
Authors: Roy Shubhrajit , Lutsenko Svetlana
Published: January 2024

Brain tissue requires high amounts of copper (Cu) for its key physiological processes, such as energy production, neurotransmitter synthesis, maturation of neuropeptides, myelination, synaptic plasticity, and radical scavenging. The requirements for Cu in the brain vary depending on specific brain regions, cell types, organism age, and nutritional status. Cu imbalances cause or contribute to several life-threatening neurologic disorders including Menkes disease, Wilson disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and others. Despite the well-established role of Cu homeostasis in brain development and function, the mechanisms that govern Cu delivery to the brain are not well defined. This review summarizes available information on Cu transfer through the brain barriers and discusses issues that require further research.