bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
correlação entre o abuso do álcool e a Violência por Parceiro Intimo (VPI)
Authors: Vitória Brito Oliveira Leonara , Oliveira Pachú Clésia
Published: April 2022

A violência por parceiro íntimo (VPI) é um fenômeno de ordem repetitiva e abusiva e engloba comportamentos de controle, vergonha, culpa e isolamento da vítima. Nesse sentido, o consumo excessivo do álcool demonstrou ser um elemento precipitador e potencializador nesse contexto. Esse estudo objetivou analisar a potencialidade do álcool no contexto de violência da VPI. Fundamentou-se em revisão de literatura realizada no período de junho de 2021. A pesquisa foi feita em bases de dados nacionais e internacionais, incluindo a Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), SciELO Brasil e a PubMED. Obteve-se um retorno de 45 artigos, sendo que na delimitação posta pelo critério de inclusão, restaram apenas 15. Evidenciou-se através desse estudo fatores sociais atingem diretamente nesse contexto de violência, como o tempo de relacionamento. Ademais, fatores socioeconômicos, como depender financeiramente do marido, corroboram com a permanência das esposas nesse contexto de violência. Além disso, o consumo excessivo, progressivo e contínuo do álcool pelos cônjuges configura-se como um elemento potencializador no contexto da VPI, contribuindo para o desgaste emocional das esposas, que apresentam sintomas depressivos, medo exagerado, instabilidade de humor, dentre outros.
Accessibility of Folding Mutation Sites in the Native Phage P22 Tailspike Protein Trimer
Authors: BeiBinger Martina , Yu Myeong-Hee , Seckler Robert
Published: April 2022

Cysteine substitutions at sites of 3 temperature-sensitive-folding (tsf) and 2 tsf-suppressor mutations in the phage P22 tailspike protein were created in order to probe the solvent accessibility of these sites. Cysteines at 2 tsf sites (residues 235 and 244) reacted readily with Ellman's reagent and were labeled by fluorescent maleimides. Spectra of the labeled proteins indicated the electrostatic environment of the 2 sites to he different. The 2 suppressor sites (residues 331 and 334) and residue 238 were inaccessible to the reagents.
A PEPTIDYL PROLYL CIS-TRANS	ISOMERASE FROM AN EXTREME THERMOPHILIC ARCHAEON
Authors: Guagliardil Annamaria , Cerchial Laura , Bartolucci Simonetta , Rossi Mose , Gallo Pasquale , Pedone Carlo
Published: April 2022

A peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase has been detected in the cmde extract of the extreme thermophilic archaeon
Sulfolobus solfataricus on the basis of its ability to catalyze the isomerization of the peptide bond in the peptide N-succinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-p-nitroanilide. Three purification steps yielded homogeneous enzyme whose molecular weight was 18 kDa.
PURIFICATION OF PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE BY SDS-AGAROSE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS AND HPEC
Authors: Hsuan J. Justin , Totty Nicholas F. , Truong Oanh , Waterfield Michael D.
Published: April 2022

Microgram quantities of complex protein mixtures can be separated at high resolution by electrophoresis on SDS­
agarose slab gels. After staining, proteins are excised and the gel pieces reconstituted into a more dilute gel from
which the protein is concomitantly electroeluted and electrophoretically concentrated to a small volume by HPEC. Proteins, recovered in an SDS buffer, can be proteolytically digested and peptides separated directly by HPLC.
QUANTITATIVE INCORPORATION OF GLYCOLAMIDIC ESTER LINK (G.E.L.) IN AMINATED RESINS
Authors: CHAVANIEU Alain , CECCATO Mariline , CHENU Jacques , MENDRE Christiane , CALAS Bernard
Published: April 2022

In this paper we report a method allowing to obtain high and reproducible yields for the anchorage of Boc and Fmoc protected amino acids on solid-phase peptide synthesis supports through G.E.L.
Compositional Characteristics of Relative Disordered Regions in Proteins
Authors: Altman Russ B. , Hughes Christopher , Zhao Daqing , Jardetzky Oleg
Published: April 2022

We have investigated the characteristics of high B-factor (disordered) regions within otherwise well-resolved protein structures. We find that amino acids K, S, Q, A, D, E, P, N, D, and R occur more frequently in disordered regions, 40% of disordered residues are in coil conformation (with 30% in a regular repeating secondary structure), and that disordered amino acids make on average 1.7 fewer intramolecular contacts than ordered residues. B-factors do not correlate at all with measures designed to predict surface accessibility, hydrophobicity or flexibility.
Generation of Internal Antino Acid Sequences without Peptide Purification. Amino Acid Sequencing of the Ethylene Biosynthesis Inducing Xylanase from Trichodernza viride
Authors: F.D. Dean Jeffrey , M. Coull James , Anderson James D.
Published: April 2022

A procedure for the rapid determination of internal amino acid sequences from a purified protein relies on covalent attachment of the protein to derivatized PVDF membranes followed by cleavage with specific proteases or chemicals. By combining different cleavage protocols with various attachment chemistries, new NH2-termini can easily be generated in various portions of the protein. Sequencing of insoluble or protease-resistant proteins is facilitated by the resistance of PVDF membranes to organic solvents.
Formation of an Acetylenzyme lntennediate in the Reaction Catalyzed by Serine Transacetylase
Authors: Leu Lee-Shan , Cook Paul F.
Published: April 2022

Serine transacetylase (STA) catalyzes the acetylation of the P-hydroxyl of L-serine. The enzyme catalyzes the slow hydrolysis of acetyl CoA preceded by a rapid burst of CoASH production. The burst results from the initial formation of an acetylenzyme intermediate. Serine transacetylase is inactivated by diisopropylfluorophosphate and acetyl CoA protects against inactivation. Data suggest acetylation of an active site serine residue as an i ntermediate in the STA reaction.
Structure and Biological Activities of Recombinant Tryptophan Analogues of Humnn Parathyroid Hormone
Authors: Sung Wing L. , Willis Kevin J. , Willick Gordon E. , Gngnon Lyne , Luk Catherine L. , Whitfield James F.
Published: April 2022

The genes of human parathyroid hormone (hPTH) and three analogues (PPhe23,Trp12, Trp12, Phe23) were expressed in Escherichia coli. All of the analogues stimulated membrane-bound protein kinase C activity, but only [Phe23 hPTH still stimulated adenylyl cyclase (AC) activity in a rat osteosarcoma cell line (ROS 17/2). Circular dichroism (CD) spectra indicated an increase in α-helix in the Gly12 substituted mutants. However, evidence is presented that this change in solution conformation is not responsible for the loss of AC stimulating activity.
Purification and Initial Characterization of the Terminal Proteins from the kalilo and maranhar Senescence Plasmids of Neurospora
Authors: Hernandez Fernandez M. Mercedes , Court Deborah  A. , Bertrand Helmut , Lo Reggie , Clarke Anthony J.
Published: April 2022

The terminal proteins associated with the kalilo and maranhar senescence plasmids of Neurospora sp. were purified to apparent homogeneity by a combination of gel permeation chromatographies. The molecular weights for the kalilo and maranhar terminal proteins were estimated to be 133 kDa and 183 kDa, respectively. Differences in amino acid compositions between the analyzed proteins and those predicted by the open reading frames of the host linear plasmids were detected.
Fusion Proteins as Alternate Crystallization Paths to Difficult Structure Problems
Authors: Carter Daniel   C. , Riiker Florian , Ho Joseph X. , Lim Kap , Keeling Kim , Gilliland Gary , Ji Xinhua
Published: April 2022

The three-dimensional structure of a peptide fusion product with glutathione transferase from
Schisro.wma japonicum (SjGST) has been solved by crystallographic methods to 2.5 Å resolution. Pcptidcs or
proteins can he fused to SjGST and expressed in a plasmid for rapid synthesis in Escherichia coli. Fusion
proteins created hy this commercial method can be purified rapidly by chromatography on immobilized
glutathione. The potential utility of using SjGST fusion proteins as alternate paths to the crystallization and structure determination of proteins is demonstrated.
Replacement of ASP103 by Asparagine in the Magnesium Binding Site of Escherichia Coli Phosphofructokinase
Authors: AUZAT Isabelle , LE  BRAS Gisele , GAREL Jean-Renaud
Published: April 2022

In the active site of E. coli phosphofructokinase, Asp 103 which binds the magnesium ion has been replaced by asparagine. The Asp l03 Asn mutation has a limited effect on t11e affinities for the substrates, the
catalytic rate-constants in both directions, and the allosteric regulation of the physiological and reverse
reactions. This mutation significantly decreases the pK of an ionizable group that controls the pH-profile of
kcat. by 0.7 to 0.8 pH unit for the physiological reaction, and by 1.3 pl-lunit or more for the reverse reaction.
Identification of Key Diagnostic Markers and Immune Infiltration in
Osteoarthritis
Authors: Yan Mingyue , Zhao Haibo , Sun Zewen , Chen Jinli , Zhang Yi , Gao Jiake , Yu Tengbo
Published: April 2022

Background:

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a worldwide chronic disease of the articulating
joints. An increasing body of data demonstrates the immune system's involvement in osteoarthritis.
The molecular mechanisms of OA are still unclear. This study aimed to search for OA immunerelated
hub genes and determine appropriate diagnostic markers to help the detection and treatment
of the disease.

Methods:

Gene expression data were downloaded from the GEO database. Firstly, we analyzed
and identified the differentially expressed genes（DEGs）using R packages. Meanwhile, ssGSEA
was used to determine the activation degree of immune-related genes (IRGs), and WGCNA analysis
was applied to search for co-expressed gene modules associated with immune cells. Then, critical
networks and hub genes were found in the PPI network. Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and
Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyzed the biological
functions of genes. The ability of the hub genes to differentiate OA from controls was assessed by
the area under the ROC curve. A miRNA and transcription factor (TF) regulatory network was
constructed according to their relationship with hub genes. Finally, the validation of hub genes was
carried out by qPCR.

Results:

In total, 353 DEGs were identified in OA patients compared with controls, including 222
upregulated and 131 downregulated genes. WGCNA successfully identified 34 main functional
modules involved in the pathogenesis of OA. The most crucial functional module involved in OA
included 89 genes. 19 immune-related genes were obtained by overlapping DEGs with the
darkgrey module. The String database was constructed using the protein-protein interaction (PPI)
network of 19 target genes, and 7 hub genes were identified by MCODE. ROC curve showed that
7 hub genes were potential biomarkers of OA. The expression levels of hub genes were validated
by qPCR, and the results were consistent with those from bioinformatic analyses.

Conclusions:

Immune-related hub genes, including TYROBP, ITGAM, ITGB2, C1QC, MARCO,
C1QB, and TLR8, may play critical roles in OA development. ITGAM had the highest correction
on immune cells.
Inhaled Atorvastatin Nanoparticles for Lung Cancer
Authors: Tulbah Alaa S.
Published: April 2022

Background:

Lung cancer is one of the main causes of mortality globally. This research paper
aims a the development of inhaled nanotechnology for lung cancer to deliver an atorvastatin calcium
compound, for lung cancer, capable of reaching the tumor site directly via inhalation.

Methods:

Atorvastatin calcium micellar nanoparticles (ATO-NPs) encapsulated with Pluronic F-127
and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were manufactured utilizing the solvent and anti-solvent precipitation
technique. The physicochemical features of the formulation were evaluated in terms of their physicochemical
characteristics using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry,
and dynamic light scattering. Additionally, the Andersen Cascade impactor was used at 15
L/minutes to assist in the aerosols performances of the formulation. The ATO-NPs formula's cell viability
was tested in vitro using the A549 non-small cell lung cancer cell type.

Results:

Transmission electron microscopy was utilized to determine the ATO-NPs particle morphology,
demonstrating a spherical shape with a smooth surface. The fine particle fraction of the aerosol produced
was 62.70 ± 1.18%. This finding suggests that atorvastatin micellar nanoparticles are suitable for
medication administration by inhalation with a wide particle size dispersion. Moreover, it was found in
vitro that concentrations of up to 21 μg/mL of the atorvastatin nanoparticles were safe and non-toxic in
the cell model.

Conclusion:

This study found that atorvastatin micellar nanoparticles for inhalation could potentially be
used for lung cancer treatment.
Open Questions on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Twin Pregnancies
Authors: Greco Elena , Savoia Fabiana , Muscettola Giulia , Iliodromiti Stamatina
Published: April 2022

The concurrent increase in prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and twin pregnancy over recent decades, in combination with the shared risk factors, has led to speculation that multiples are a risk factor for GDM and that GDM may contribute to twin complications. A small number of heterogeneous studies investigating the impact of GDM in twin pregnancies have led to conflicting conclusions. In comparison to singleton pregnancies, multiple pregnancies have different physiology, requiring increased caloric intake, with a low risk for macrosomia and a high risk for fetal growth restriction. However, in twin pregnancies methods of GDM screening, thresholds for diagnosis and treatment, as well as glycaemic control targets, have been predominantly extrapolated from singletons. The present review provides a comprehensive, critical overview of current evidence on GDM in twin pregnancies with an emphasis on prevalence, methods of screening, thresholds for diagnosis, risk of maternal and feto-neonatal complications and the impact of treatment on perinatal outcomes.
Effects of a Combination of Phytoestrogens on Risk Factors for Cardiovascular
Diseases in Climacteric Women: A Randomized, Placebocontrolled
Trial
Authors: Koehnlein Eloá Angélica , de Barros Evayne , dos Santos Paola Cristine de Bortoli , Frigo Maiara , Weber Jucieli , Zanelatto Carla
Published: April 2022

Background & Aims:

The incidence of cardiovascular disease in the climacteric has increased, becoming the main cause of death in mature women. The use of phytoestrogens, isoflavone,s and lignans, derived from soy and flaxseed can be natural alternative treatments for this phase of life. This study investigates the utility of isoflavones and lignans derived from soy and flaxseed as natural alternatives to pharmaceuticals to alleviate the symptoms of menopause.

Methods:

A clinical, prospective, randomized, blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed. Forty-eight women aged 40 to 65 years were divided into two groups, Phytoestrogen (PHY), which received a cereal bar containing isoflavones and lignans for 90 days, and Placebo (PLA), which received expanded rice flake bar. The sociodemographic, clinical, anthropometric data, blood pressure (BP) measurements, biochemical and hormonal tests were performed.

Results:

Forty-three women were studied (PHY=21 and PLA=22). There was a significant reduction of diastolic BP in the PHY group after the intervention (p <0.001). The frequency of BP fluctuations in the PHY group significantly decreased to 23.8% after the intervention period (p=0.027), with no significant differences for the other indicators studied.

Conclusion:

The combination of phytoestrogens showed a trend to reduce the blood pressure of climacteric women, however, no significant changes in cardiovascular risk factors were observed. The study was registered under essaclinicos.gov.br, Brazilian Clinical Trials, number 6z8qqy.
Transcriptomic Profiling of Ganoderic Acid Me-Mediated Prevention of
Sendai Virus Infection
Authors: Wan Guoqing , Fan Zheyu , Zhai Dan-Dan , Jiang Liying , Xia Shengli , Gu Xuefeng , Lu Changlian , Shi Ping , Zeng Xiaobin , Meng Jihong , Chen Nianhong
Published: April 2022

Objectives:

Ganoderic acid Me [GA-Me], a major bioactive triterpene extracted from Ganoderma lucidum, is often used to treat immune system diseases caused by viral infections. Although triterpenes have been widely employed in traditional medicine, the comprehensive mechanisms by which GA-Me acts against viral infections have not been reported. Sendai virus [SeV]-infected host cells have been widely employed as an RNA viral model to elucidate the mechanisms of viral infection.

Methods:

In this study, SeV- and mock-infected [Control] cells were treated with or without 54.3 μM GA-Me. RNA-Seq was performed to identify differentially expressed mRNAs, followed by qRT-PCR validation for selected genes. GO and KEGG analyses were applied to investigate potential mechanisms and critical pathways associated with these genes.

Results:

GA-Me altered the levels of certain genes’ mRNA, these genes revealed are associated pathways related to immune processes, including antigen processing and presentation in SeV-infected cells. Multiple signaling pathways, such as the mTOR pathway, chemokine signaling pathway, and the p53 pathways, correlate significantly with GA-Me activity against the SeV infection process. qRT-PCR results were consistent with the trend of RNA-Seq findings. Moreover, PPI network analysis identified 20 crucial target proteins, including MTOR, CDKN2A, MDM2, RPL4, RPS6, CREBBP, UBC, UBB, and NEDD8. GA-Me significantly changed transcriptome-wide mRNA profiles of RNA polymerase II/III, protein posttranslational and immune signaling pathways.

Conclusion:

These results should be further assessed to determine the innate immune response against SeV infection, which might help in elucidating the functions of these genes affected by GA-Me treatment in virus-infected cells, including cells infected with SARS-CoV-2.
Abiraterone Acetate, in Combination with Apigenin, Attenuates the Survival of Human Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Genc Fatih , Atabey Ugur Simal , Serttas Riza , Erdogan Suat
Published: April 2022

Background:

Abiraterone acetate (AA) is a selective inhibitor of CYP17 α-hydroxylase, which is crucial for androgen biosynthesis. Apigenin (Api) is a natural plant-derived flavonoid with potent antiproliferative and antimigration effects.

Objectives:

We aimed to investigate the possible role of Api in combination with the androgen receptor inhibitor AA in the treatment of androgen-sensitive human prostate cancer LNCaP cells.

Methods:

The cells were either exposed to 10 μM AA, 25 μM Api, or in combination for 48 hours, then the viability rate was determined by the MTT test, whilst apoptosis and cell cycle phases were assessed by image-based cytometry. The expression of selected mRNA and proteins were evaluated by RT-qPCR and Western blot, respectively.

Results:

The combination of AA and Api significantly inhibited LNCaP as well as androgen-insensitive PC3 cell survival in a manner more marked than observed with either single treatment. Co-administration of Api with AA triggered apoptosis. This effect was demonstrated by Hoechst staining, and up-regulation of Bax, cytochrome c, caspase -3, and - 8 and down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression confirmed the effect. AA and Api each individually arrested the cell cycle in the G1 phase, with dual applications, leading to no further increase in the effect produced. The expression of NF-κB p105/p50 and the phosphorylation of AKT markedly decreased after apigenin treatment, with combination treatment leading to a favourable effect in terms of further augmenting the reduction.

Conclusion:

The co-administration of Api with AA strongly enhanced the efficacy of AA therapy in the treatment of prostate cancer cells. These data suggested that the combination of AA and Api would be a potential chemotherapeutic strategy against prostate cancer.
Antitumor Effects of L-citrulline on Hela Cervical Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Eren Ceren Yildiz , Gurer Hulusi Goktug , Gursoy Ozlem Ozgur , Sezer Canan Vejselova
Published: April 2022

Introduction:

Cervical cancer is the deadliest gynecological malignancy. This study aims to examine the anticancer
effects of L-citrulline on HeLa cell culture.

Materials-Methods:

HeLa cells were cultured in complete Eagle's minimum essential medium. HeLa cells were
seeded in 96-well plates and incubated with L-citrulline. After incubation, MTT dye was added and incubated. Annexin-
V technique was used to test the apoptosis. The activated caspases of HeLa cells by L-citrulline exposure were
measured with the Caspase 3/7 technique. One-way variance analysis was conducted for statistical analysis by using
GraphPad Prism 6.0 for Windows.

Results:

L-citrulline showed its toxicity on HeLa cells in a dose-dependent manner in application times of 24 and 48
hours. The IC50 dose of L-citrulline was 0.19 and 0.16 mg/mL at 24 and 48 hours, respectively. When HeLa cells were
exposed to an IC50 dose of L-citrulline for 24 hours, the percentages of the dead, early apoptotic, and late apoptotic
cells were detected to be 0.75%, 23.05%, and 12.75%, respectively. The differences in the wideness of the scratch area
were observed at the initial stage and after 24 hours of applying L-citrulline.

Conclusion:

L-citrulline showed its toxicity on HeLa cells in a dose-dependent manner. Based on Annexin and Caspase
findings, it can be concluded that L-citrulline exerted a pro-apoptotic effect on HeLa cells in only a short exposure
time. L-citrulline also showed a migration inhibitory effect. The findings of this study indicate L-citrulline to be worthy
of investigation for its anticancer activities in vitro and in vivo, and as a candidate for cancer therapy.
Drug Targeting and Therapeutic Management of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Conventional
and Nanotherapeutic Drug Options
Authors: Akotiah Akrofi , Walker Dominique , Boddie Sarah , Campbell Robert B.
Published: April 2022

:

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a blood cancer predominantly affecting older adult patients. According
to the American Cancer Society, an estimated 8,860 people will be diagnosed with CML in 2022. Treatments for CML
have evolved with a focus on CML phase severity or progression. Overall, there have been some breakthrough treatment
options for a high percentage of patients with CML. This is largely due to the discovery of tyrosine kinase inhibitors
(TKI); however, drug resistance continues to present a significant challenge in the management of CML disease.
The use of interferon (IFN), antimetabolites, and bone marrow transplants provides alternative treatment options,
but also presents limitations, including severe side effects, toxicity, and graft versus host disease. Nanomedicine
has demonstrated benefits in terms of efficacy, often reducing or eliminating unwanted toxicities associated with the
use of conventional drug agents. This review summarizes rational molecular targets of CML drugs and provides highlights
of current FDA-approved agents for the treatment of CML. Additionally, this communication includes an overview
of the limitations of conventional treatments and how nanomedicine has addressed challenges encountered during
CML treatment.
Behavioral Pharmacology of Five Uncommon Passiflora Species Indicates
Sedative and Anxiolytic-like Potential
Authors: Sakalem Marna Eliana , Tabach Ricardo , de Oliveira Miriane , Carlini Elisaldo Araújo
Published: April 2022

Background:

There are over 500 species in the Passiflora genus, and while some of
them are very well known in folk medicine for their anxiolytic effects, very little is known for the
other genus representants, which could also present medicinal effects.

Objective:

In this study, we performed an interspecific pharmacological comparison of five investigated
Passiflora species, all native to Brazil, namely P. bahiensis, P. coccinea, P. quadrangularis,
P. sidaefolia, and P. vitifolia.

Method:

Extracts were administered to mice before behavioral testing, including a general pharmacological
screening and anxiolytic-like effect investigation.

Results:

Three of the species [P. coccinea, P. quadrangularis, and P. sidaefolia] induced a decrease
in locomotor activity of mice; P. coccinea also reduced the latency to sleep. Importantly,
none of the species interfered with motor coordination. Oral administration evoked no severe signs
of toxicity, even at higher doses. Regarding the anxiolytic-like profile, P. sidaefolia reduced the
anxious-like behavior in the Holeboard test in a similar way to the positive control, Passiflora
incarnata, while not affecting total motricity.

Conclusion:

These results indicated that P. coccinea, P. quadrangularis, and P. sidaefolia reduced
the general activity of mice and conferred a calmative/sedative potential to these three species,
which must be further elucidated by future investigations.
Common microRNAs in Epilepsy and Migraine: Their Possibility as Candidates
for Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets during Comorbid Onset
of Both Conditions
Authors: Munshi Anjana , Ludhiadch Abhilash , Bhardwaj Nidhi , Gotra Palvi , Kumar Roshan
Published: April 2022

Epilepsy and migraine are chronic neurological disorders with shared clinical as well as
pathophysiological mechanisms. Epileptic patients are at a higher risk of developing migraine compared
to normal individuals and vice versa. Several genetic and environmental risk factors have been
reported to be associated with the development of both diseases. Previous studies have already established
standard genetic markers involved in various pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of both
these comorbid conditions. In addition to genetic markers, epigenetic markers have also been found to
be involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy and migraine. Among the epigenetic markers, miRNAs
have been explored at length and have emerged as significant players in regulating the expression of
their target genes. miRNAs like miR-22, miR-34a, miR-155, miR-211, and Let-7b play a significant
role in neuronal differentiation and seem to be associated with epilepsy and migraine as comorbid
conditions. However, the exact shared mechanisms underlying the role of these miRNAs in these
comorbid conditions are still unclear. The current review has been compiled with an aim to explore
common microRNAs targeting the genes involved in shared molecular pathways leading to epilepsy
and migraine as comorbid conditions. The new class of ncRNAs, i.e., tRNA transfer fragments, are also
discussed. In addition, their role as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets has also been evaluated.
However, limitations exist, and based on the current literature available, only a few microRNAs
seem to be involved in the pathogenesis of both these disorders.
Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Skin Depigmentation: A Modulated
Aspect in Cosmetics
Authors: Shende Pravin , Bevanahally Vineeth
Published: April 2022

Background:

Hyperpigmentation is a common disorder characterized by brown patches, differential skin tone and sunburns on the area of exposure. Hydroquinone (HQ) is considered the most effective agent in treatment of pigmentation but exhibits skin irritation and local toxicity at higher concentrations. Hence, HQ encapsulated Nano Lipid Carriers (NLCs) were designed and assessed as an alternative for treatment of pigmentation to reduce skin irritation without exhibiting toxicity.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to formulate and evaluate hydroquinone-encapsulated NLCs in cream base as a treatment in hyperpigmentation.

Methods:

The present formulation aims to encapsulate adequate hydroquinone in NLCs for potential application of depigmentation. Hydroquinone was formulated utilizing melt- emulsification ultrasound dispersion technique where aqueous phase consisted of water and Tween 80 whereas; lipid phase was prepared with oleic acid and glyceryl monostearate. The characteristics of final formulation were analyzed by surface morphology, percentage entrapment efficiency, ex-vivo release, in-vitro release and cell line studies.

Results:

Hydroquinone-encapsulated lipid nanocarriers demonstrated promising results within the size range of 22 ± 1.22 nm to 164 ± 0.75 nm and encapsulation efficiency of 78 ± 5.05 % in partially crystallized lipid-based state. The system displayed enhancement in absorption and penetration with zeta potential of -10.2 ± 1.86 mV to -24.6 ± 0.45 mV and presented substantial decrease in water loss as a result of packet formation.

Conclusion:

The results indicated that hydroquinone encapsulated NLCs are safe and effective for treatment of pigmented skin and works by reducing the appearance of dark patches and improving skin texture.
Recensie van: 'Ik denk nog het best met een pen in de hand'. Het dagboek 1939-1944 van August Vermeylen / Ruben Mantels en Hans Vandevoorde, m.m.v. Janna Aerts
Authors: Wils Lode
Published: April 2022

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Recensie van: De hel van Fresnes. Verdoemd, verguisd en achter tralies. Vlaamse soldaten in de Belgische militaire strafinstellingen in Frankrijk tijdens '14-'18 / Jan Huijbrechts
Authors: Simoens Tom , Vrints Antoon
Published: April 2022

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Een standaardwerk in perspectief. De Encyclopedie van de Vlaamse Beweging na 50 jaar. In memoriam Reginald De Schryver (1932-2012) en Gaston Durnez (1928-2019)
Authors: Simons Ludo
Published: April 2022

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De Russische inspiratie van Joris Van Severen. Deel 1
Authors: Verstraete Heili
Published: April 2022

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Recensie van: Willem De Meyer. Hij leerde zijn volk zingen / Lieven De Meyer
Authors: Stynen Andreas
Published: April 2022

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Квантово-каскадный лазер с частотой генерации 3.8 THz, выращенный методом металлоорганической газофазной эпитаксии
Authors: Багаев Т.А. , Ладугин М.А. , Мармалюк А.А. , Данилов А.И. , Ушаков Д.В. , Афоненко А.А. , Зайцев А.А. , Маремьянин К.В. , Морозов С.В. , Гавриленко В.И. , Галиев Р.Р. , Павлов А.Ю. , Пушкарев С.С. , Пономарев Д.С. , Хабибуллин Р.А.
Published: April 2022

We have demonstrated a quantum cascade laser (QCL) with a generation frequency of about 3.8 THz, grown by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy. The multilayer heterostructure for QCLs consists of 185 repetitions of an active module containing four GaAs/Al0.15Ga0.85As quantum wells. The threshold current and threshold voltage of the fabricated QCL were 2.25 kA/cm2 and 19.7 V, respectively. The QCL was generated in the multimode regime, and the detection of terahertz radiation continued with an increase in the laser temperature up to 60 K.
Новый подход к вычислению полной энергии двухатомной молекулы в первом порядке теории возмущений
Authors: Кощеев В.П. , Штанов Ю.Н.
Published: April 2022

In the first order of perturbation theory, the total energy of a diatomic molecule in the ground state is calculated taking into account the Pauli principle and plasma oscillations of atomic electrons. The Fourier component of the potential energy of the interaction of an atom with an atom has the form of a polynomial of the fourth degree from the atomic form factor. The numerical calculation is performed for the atomic form factor in the approximation of wave functions, which approximate the solution of the Hartree-Fock equation for an isolated atom. It is shown that taking into account plasma oscillations of atomic electrons leads to a self-consistent system of equations, the numerical solution of which makes it possible to determine the elastic constant, that is, the value of the second derivative at the minimum potential energy of the molecule. The total energy for nitrogen and fluorine molecules is calculated.
Factors Associated With Protective Mask-Wearing Behavior to Avoid COVID-19 Infection in China: Internet-Based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Xu Yue , Wu Qingqing , Xu Shuiyang , Zhao Yusui , Zhang Xuehai
Published: April 2022

Background

The novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 is likely to spread from person to person in close-contact settings. The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention released a handbook on COVID-19, which introduced health information to the public, specifically related to wearing masks correctly and adopting preventive measures to avoid COVID-19 infection.

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the level of mask knowledge, behavior related to mask usage, and major information channels used for obtaining mask- and COVID-19–related information in China.

Methods

An internet-based survey was conducted primarily using DingXiang Doctor WeChat public accounts. The data about mask knowledge and behavior were collected and analyzed. In addition to descriptive statistics, logistic regression was used to analyze significant risk factors contributing to protective mask behavior.

Results

Data were collected from a total of 10,304 respondents to the survey. More than half of the respondents were under 30 years old and nearly three-quarters were women. Over 80% of participants had a bachelor’s degree or higher, and the largest proportion of respondents (n=4204, 40.80%) were employed as business/service workers. Over half of the study participants were married (n=5302, 51.46%). The findings revealed that 67.49% (6954/10,304) of the participants practiced protective mask behavior; 97.93% (10,091/10,304) believed that wearing masks is an effective protective measure against COVID-19; 96.85% (9979/10,304) chose a mask that has two or more layers of washable, breathable fabric; and 70.57% (7272/10,304) wore the masks correctly. Gender, age, occupation, and education level had significant effects on behavior, whereas marital status and the infection status of family members were not significantly related to mask-wearing behavior. In addition, WeChat public accounts (9227/10,304, 89.55%) were the most prominent source of obtaining health information for Chinese netizens after the outbreak of COVID-19.

Conclusions

This study elucidated that Chinese netizens’ protective mask behavior is far lower than their mask-related knowledge. Improved information channels and adequate information on wearing masks are necessary to improve the public’s protective mask behavior, particularly among men, the elderly, and people with less education.
Attitudes Toward the Global Allocation of Chinese COVID-19 Vaccines: Cross-sectional Online Survey of Adults Living in China
Authors: Yu Hanzhi , Du Runming , Wang Minmin , Yu Fengyun , Yang Juntao , Jiao Lirui , Wang Zhuoran , Liu Haitao , Wu Peixin , Bärnighausen Till , Xue Lan , Wang Chen , McMahon Shannon , Geldsetzer Pascal , Chen Simiao
Published: April 2022

Background

COVID-19 vaccines are in short supply worldwide. China was among the first countries to pledge supplies of the COVID-19 vaccine as a global public product, and to date, the country has provided more than 600 million vaccines to more than 200 countries and regions with low COVID-19 vaccination rates. Understanding the public’s attitude in China toward the global distribution of COVID-19 vaccines could inform global and national decisions, policies, and debates.

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the attitudes of adults living in China regarding the global allocation of COVID-19 vaccines developed in China and how these attitudes vary across provinces and by sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional online survey among adults registered with the survey company KuRunData. The survey asked participants 31 questions about their attitudes regarding the global allocation of COVID-19 vaccines developed in China. We disaggregated responses by province and sociodemographic characteristics. All analyses used survey sampling weights.

Results

A total of 10,000 participants completed the questionnaire. Participants generally favored providing COVID-19 vaccines to foreign countries before fulfilling domestic needs (75.6%, 95% CI 74.6%-76.5%). Women (3778/4921, 76.8%; odds ratio 1.18, 95% CI 1.07-1.32; P=.002) and those living in rural areas (3123/4065, 76.8%; odds ratio 1.13, 95% CI 1.01-1.27; P=.03) were especially likely to hold this opinion. Most respondents preferred providing financial support through international platforms rather than directly offering support to individual countries (72.1%, 95% CI 71%-73.1%), while for vaccine products they preferred direct provision to relevant countries instead of via a delivery platform such as COVAX (77.3%, 95% CI 76.3%-78.2%).

Conclusions

Among our survey sample, we found that adults are generally supportive of the international distribution of COVID-19 vaccines, which may encourage policy makers to support and implement the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines developed in China worldwide. Conducting similar surveys in other countries could help align policy makers’ actions on COVID-19 vaccine distribution with the preferences of their constituencies.
A Novel Tool for Real-time Estimation of Epidemiological Parameters of Communicable Diseases Using Contact-Tracing Data: Development and Deployment
Authors: Silenou Bernard C , Verset Carolin , Kaburi Basil B , Leuci Olivier , Ghozzi Stéphane , Duboudin Cédric , Krause Gérard
Published: April 2022

Background

The Surveillance Outbreak Response Management and Analysis System (SORMAS) contains a management module to support countries in their epidemic response. It consists of the documentation, linkage, and follow-up of cases, contacts, and events. To allow SORMAS users to visualize data, compute essential surveillance indicators, and estimate epidemiological parameters from such network data in real-time, we developed the SORMAS Statistics (SORMAS-Stats) application.

Objective

This study aims to describe the essential visualizations, surveillance indicators, and epidemiological parameters implemented in the SORMAS-Stats application and illustrate the application of SORMAS-Stats in response to the COVID-19 outbreak.

Methods

Based on findings from a rapid review and SORMAS user requests, we included the following visualization and estimation of parameters in SORMAS-Stats: transmission network diagram, serial interval (SI), time-varying reproduction number R(t), dispersion parameter k, and additional surveillance indicators presented in graphs and tables. We estimated SI by fitting lognormal, gamma, and Weibull distributions to the observed distribution of the number of days between symptom onset dates of infector-infectee pairs. We estimated k by fitting a negative binomial distribution to the observed number of infectees per infector. Furthermore, we applied the Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach and estimated R(t) using the incidence data and the observed SI computed from the transmission network data.

Results

Using COVID-19 contact-tracing data of confirmed cases reported between July 31 and October 29, 2021, in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of France, we constructed a network diagram containing 63,570 nodes. The network comprises 1.75% (1115/63,570) events, 19.59% (12,452/63,570) case persons, and 78.66% (50,003/63,570) exposed persons, including 1238 infector-infectee pairs and 3860 transmission chains with 24.69% (953/3860) having events as the index infector. The distribution with the best fit to the observed SI data was a lognormal distribution with a mean of 4.30 (95% CI 4.09-4.51) days. We estimated a dispersion parameter k of 21.11 (95% CI 7.57-34.66) and an effective reproduction number R of 0.9 (95% CI 0.58-0.60). The weekly estimated R(t) values ranged from 0.80 to 1.61.

Conclusions

We provide an application for real-time estimation of epidemiological parameters, which is essential for informing outbreak response strategies. The estimates are commensurate with findings from previous studies. The SORMAS-Stats application could greatly assist public health authorities in the regions using SORMAS or similar tools by providing extensive visualizations and computation of surveillance indicators.
Feasibility of Postoperative Follow-up Cloud Platform Based on a Standardized Discourse Form in COVID-19 Pandemic: Web-Based Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wu Zhe , Huang Zhangfeng , Liu Ao , Qin Yi , Sun Xiao , Du Wenxing , Zhao Yandong , Xu Rongjian , Qiu Tong , Jiao Wenjie
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Affected by the COVID-19, a great many patients were quarantined and could not go to the hospital, which made the outpatient follow-up unable to be carried out normally.

OBJECTIVE

Our study aimed to assess the feasibility of a postoperative follow-up cloud platform based on a standardized discourse form among postoperative patients with lung cancer in COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

The postoperative follow-up cloud platform was established by designing a standardized discourse form, and constructing a follow-up database and a health education center. The follow-up team was comprised of fixed and experienced full-time doctors. A total of 184 and 178 patients as the intervention and control group, who were followed up by the cloud platform and outpatient department. At the end of the follow-up period, our center carried out the satisfaction with follow-up and SF-36 health questionnaire survey.

RESULTS

There was no statistically significant difference in the baseline characteristics of the patients between the two groups. At the end of the follow-up period, satisfaction with follow-up in the intervention group was better than that in the control group (96.74%, 178/184 vs 87.08%, 155/178; P＜0.001). The intervention group had the similar results compared with the control group in SF-36 scales (Average, 64.79±13.59 vs 63.07±15.00; P=0.256).

CONCLUSIONS

The postoperative follow-up cloud platform based on a standardized discourse form can break the limitations of time and space, improve medical service and doctor-patient communication, and promote scientific research, which is feasible in COVID-19 pandemic.
Assessing the Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities in Postpartum Depression Using Population-level Hospital Discharge Data: Longitudinal Retrospective Study (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Star , Ding Xiyu , Belouali Anas , Bai Haibin , Raja Kanimozhi , Kharrazi Hadi
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

In the U.S., over 3.6 million deliveries occur each year. Among them, up to 20% (~700k) of women experience postpartum depression (PPD), according to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Absence of accurate reporting and diagnosis has made phenotyping patients with PPD difficult. Existing literature has shown that factors such as race, socioeconomic status, and history of substance abuse are associated with differential risks of PPD. However, limited research has considered differential temporal associations with the outcome.

OBJECTIVE

To estimate the disparities in the risk of postpartum depression (PPD) and time to diagnosis for patients of different racial and socioeconomic backgrounds.

METHODS

This is a longitudinal retrospective study using the statewide hospital discharge data from Maryland. We identified 160,066 individuals who had a hospital delivery from 2017 to 2019. We applied logistic regression and Cox regression to study the risks of PPD across racial and socioeconomic strata. We used multinomial regression to estimate the risks of PPD at different postpartum stages.

RESULTS

The cumulative incidence of PPD was highest for White (14.7%) and lowest for Asian and Pacific Islander (2.4%). Compared to White patients, PPD was less likely to occur for Black patients (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.31-0.34), Asian or Pacific Islander patients (0.16, 95% CI 0.14-0.19), and Hispanic patients (OR 0.2, 95% CI 0.19-0.22). Similar findings were observed from the Cox regression analysis. Multinomial regression showed that compared to White patients, Black patients (RR 2.23, 95% CI 1.82-2.74), and Asian and Pacific Islander patients (RR 2.5, 95% CI 1.47 - 4.25) were more likely to be diagnosed with PPD after 8 weeks of delivery.

CONCLUSIONS

Compared to White patients, PPD diagnosis is less likely to occur in individuals of other races. We found disparate timing in PPD diagnosis across different racial groups and socioeconomic backgrounds. Our findings serve to enhance intervention strategies and policies for phenotyping patients of highest risks and to highlight needs in data quality to support future work on racial disparities in PPD.
Dilemma and Breakthrough: Review on Substitution Analysis of the Definition of Relevant Markets and Platforms—From the Perspective of Guideline on Anti-Trust Platform Economy by the Anti-Trust Committee of the State Council
Authors: Xia Yijing
Published: April 2022

The prosperity of platform economy posed new issues for antitrust law enforcement and new challenges to the definition of relevant markets in antitrust investigations. Substitution analysis is not only a traditional method of relevant market definition, but also the underlying logic throughout the process of relevant market definition. It can still be applied to relevant market definition in the context of platform economy. Based on the Guideline of Platform Antitrust, this paper starts with the regulations about the definition of relevant markets in platform economy. It briefly analyzes the dilemmas of traditional methods of defining relevant markets in platform economy. Then, it reviews the limitation and rationality of substitution analysis of relevant market definition.
A Review of the Relationship between Parenting Styles and Adolescents’ Emotional Intelligence
Authors: Ye Jun
Published: April 2022

This article reviews the literature on the relationship between parenting styles and adolescents’ emotional intelligence. The review of the empirical research indicates that authoritative parenting style is associated with higher levels of adolescents’ general emotional intelligence, trait emotional intelligence, and decision-making emotional intelligence. Conversely, authoritarian parents are associated with lower level of adolescents’ emotional intelligence, and self-regulatory emotional intelligence. However, further research is still needed to examine the relationship among cross culture, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status.
investigación en educación especial
Authors: Fernández Batanero José María
Published: April 2022

La educación especial constituye una de las áreas de la educación que más se ha desarrollado en los últimos años. Hemos pasado de un contexto de estudio centrado en el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de las deficiencias y discapacidades, al estudio de la propia realidad interpretada en las conceptualizaciones holísticas de las personas y sus déficits, de los profesores, la enseñanza y los procesos de aprendizaje, que demandan un nuevo modelo de investigación coherente con las nuevas formas de pensar la realidad en educación especial. En el presente artículo recogemos las líneas temáticas actuales y futuras de la investigación en el ámbito de la educación especial.
concepción de la enseñanza según los estudiantes del último año de la licenciatura en educación primaria en méxico
Authors: Fortoul Ollivier María Bertha
Published: April 2022

Este texto retoma una investigación cuyo objeto de estudio son las concepciones pedagógicas de los alumnos que están por egresar de las escuelas normales públicas de la licenciatura en Educación Primaria. La pregunta de investigación en la cual nos centraremos es: según dichos alumnos, ¿qué es la enseñanza? La investigación es de corte descriptivo, con la encuesta como la técnica de recolección de datos y el cuestionario como instrumento. La información se analizó con procedimientos cuantitativos y cualitativos. La muestra fue de 297 alumnos, lo que corresponde a 7.5% de la población. Las respuestas de los alumnos normalistas ubican a la enseñanza como una actividad que se realiza centralmente en un aula, y que consiste en la transmisión de conocimientos para lograr el aprendizaje en los alumnos. A estas respuestas “consensuadas” hay que sumarle una gran dispersión de muchas otras, que nos remiten a concepciones muy diversas de la enseñanza.