bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Effect of Mefenamic Acid Alone and Combination with Fennel (Foenicullum Vulgare) on Primary Dysmenorrhoea
Authors: Nesa Kamrun , Iqbal Md Jalaluddin , Halim Kazi Shafiqul , Jahan Israt
Published: January 2021

Primary dysmenorrhea refers to painful menstrual cramps of uterus led to considered gynecological complaint. Menstrual discomfort was reported in half to four-fifth of females and one-fourth reported sever dysmenorrhea. Newer combination of herbal products like Fennel and Mefenamic acid becoming popular and replacing conventional NSAIDs/ OCPs therapy for their major adverse effect. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of Mefenamic acid alone and combination with Fennel (Foenicullum Vulgare) on primary dysmenorrhoea. This interventional study was conducted among randomly selected 100 female workers with age range 18-25 years of two Garments Factories at Demra, Dhaka during July 2014 to June with the complaints of moderate to severe pain intensity and bleeding of primary dysmenorrhea. There were two group, group A (50 women) were treated with Cap Mefenamic Acid 250 mg once daily and group B (50) were with Cap Mefenamic Acid 250 mg once daily and fennel supplementation 10 ml three times daily. The mean age of respondents was 21.60 ± 2.59 and menarche age was 13.92±1.15 year. Mean duration of the menstrual cycle and cycle length were 6.24±1.66 and 27.36±3.63 days respectively. Mean onset age of Dysmenorrhea 16.16±1.81 year and intensity of dysmenorrhea (VAS-Visual Analogue Scale) 6.5±1.6. Group A had no any special experience on pain relief sensation by taking Mefenamic Acid alone, whereas Group B gathered better experience after administration of Cap Mefenamic Acid with fennel supplementation. Moreover, according to result of the analysis, comparison with bleeding tendency was also not shown the significant difference. One more important thing is that these two group faced some adverse effect of those medication such as group A had no complaints of allergic reaction, visual and neurologic disturbance where 2% had gastro-intestinal upset and 2% had respiratory distress in Group A; on the other hand, 2% had allergic reaction, 2% had visual symptom and respiratory distress had 4% cases in Group B. Mefenamic acid with fennel can decrease the severity of dysmenorrhea. However, any intervention might be found out to treat dysmenorrhea with less adverse effects is highly desired.

Bangladesh Med J. 2019 May; 48 (2): 38-43
Helminthic Infestation of Grass Root Level Students in a Selected Madrasha of Bangladesh
Authors: Habib Rahat Bin , Kabir ARM Luthful , Rouf Md Abdur , Ullah Md Sk Shahid , Hossain Md Nazmul , Rahman Md Anisur , Boyan Rushdul Karim , Hye Md Abdul , Khan Md Kamrul Ahsan , Roy Sudipta , Haque Mohammad Rezaul , Jamil Joheb Imtiaz
Published: January 2021

In Bangladesh, 4 million students study in 64000 madrasha, which represent 7% of all students, most of these are unregistered. There is little evaluation of helminthic infestation by any authority. It is believed that madrasha students came from vulnerable part of society. : Present Sheikh Hasian government declared on equivalency of their certificate therefore it is important to study on them and evaluate their helminthic infestation. May be this is one of the first study on helminthic infestation on grass root level madrasha students in Bangladesh. We conducted the study to evaluate on helminthiasis to find out current situations, to identify the risk factors and for intervention to control of helminthic infestation.  This cross sectional study was conducted on 164 from 1000 residential students by simple random sampling. Face to face interview and anthropometric measurement were conducted by semistructured open ended questionnaire from those students. Out of hundred-sixty four students all were male, age range from 06-18 years, ova found 75% students in their stool sample, 71% have multiple helminthasis, Ascaris Lumbricoids (AL) was the most (28%) prevalence, in polyparasitism 58% were Ascaris Lumbricoids and Trichuris Trichuria (AL+TT), anal itching found 68% students which indicate pin worm, no antihelminthic intake 76% students within 6 months. Teachers and parent’s health education help to prevent helminthasis. Regular survey, evaluation is needed to identify the risk factors of helminthasis for intervention, monitoring, guidance and training of students and teachers to improve their personal hygiene practice. Moreover need to intake of regular antihelminthic for dewarming  to build a healthy green Bangladesh.

Bangladesh Med J. 2019 May; 48 (2): 44-47
Study of Fish Diversity and Livelihood Status of Fishermen in Karatoya River, Panchagarh Region
Authors: Joadder Md. Abdur Razzaq , Roy Sushen , Khanom Dil Afroza , Jahan Syeda Nusrat , Sarker Md Al-Amin
Published: January 2021

Background:

Objective: The study was conducted to investigate the fish diversity and socio-economic profiles of the fishermen of Karatoya River in Panchagarh district in the Northern part of Bangladesh.

Methodology: Pertinent information was collected from forty randomly selected fishermen from the study area who were directly involved in fishing in the rivers during the period of twelve months from July 2017 to June 2018. The data interpretations showed that 50 fish species under 8 orders and 17 families were recorded from the Karatoya River during the study period. Cypriniformes was found as the most dominant order constituting 48% of the total fish populationfollowed by Channiformes (6%), Sliuriformes(18%), Clupiformes (6%), Mastacembeliformes (6%), Perciformes (12%), Beloniformes (2%), Tenaodontifomres (2%). Fishes in this river are seriously affected by the various kinds of natural and manmade causes. Under this circumstance, a better understanding of the diversity and distribution of fishes in the Karatoya River is urgently needed.

Result: In the study area the fishermen age range from 16 to 65 years. It was found that most of the fishermen (35%) illiterate though a small proportion completed primary level of education. 75% percent of the fishermen used their own tube-well, while 20% and 5% used government and neighbors’ tube-well, respectively. In the study area, 55% of the fishermen were far from power plants and the rest of them had (45%) access to electricity. Majority (45%) of the fishermen was 1-10 decimal land, while 17.5% had 11-20 decimal lands and 15% had above 40 decimal lands and significant proportion of fishermen depend upon village doctors (62.5%) for their health facilities. Forty five percent of fishermen were engaged in fishing as their main occupation, 40% in agriculture and 15% in daily labor.

Conclusion: Fishermen of Karatoya River were mostly illiterate, poor income, lack of training exposure and lack of awareness about their health facilities and sanitation.

Journal of Science Foundation 2019;17(2):54-57
Contribuições dos profissionais de saúde frente ao trauma peniano
Authors: Alves Rayssa Stéfani Sousa , Silva Mariana Pereira Barbosa , Leite Airton César , Lobão Ana Graziela Soares Rêgo , Borges Francisca Edinária de Sousa , Moura Viviane Silva de , Gomes Yulle Morais , Fonseca Natana Maranhão Noleto da , Carvalho Maria Clara Osório Meneses , Zanovello Mariana Magalhães Bergantini , Manoel Poliana Zanotto , Manoel Agnes Zanotto , Rolim Aedna Canuto de Sousa , Lopes Jessica Reis , Gonçalves Luciana Angelica , Rocha Samara Atanielly
Published: January 2021

Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar os fatores que levam a ocorrência do trauma peniano durante a penetração no intercurso sexual, e compreender as contribuições dos profissionais de saúde ao paciente com fratura de pênis. Trata – se de um estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado entre os meses de maio a dezembro de 2020, mediante a revisão sistemática de artigos indexados na Plataforma da Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde (BVS). Os critérios de inclusão foram, artigos completos na linguagem portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola. Publicados na íntegra de acordo com a temática proposta, e artigos científicos publicados nas bases de dados compreendendo os anos de 2000 a 2020. Como critérios de exclusão, não foram considerados artigos que não tivessem relevância com a temática, materiais duplicados, incompletos, resumos, resenhas, debates e materiais indisponíveis na íntegra. Para o levantamento dos dados foram analisados 10 artigos científicos. Os resultados do estudo descrevem que a fratura ocorre quando o pênis ereto sai da cavidade vaginal e ao tentar penetrar novamente, o pênis é dobrado de maneira brusca e forçada. Seguindo das diversas contribuições dos profissionais de saúde frente à este incidente. Concluímos que o trauma peniano é considerado uma emergência urológica rara, compreendendo um impacto significativo no ponto de vista geral e na saúde sexual do indivíduo, a lesão peniana deve ser analisada com base na anamnese, e no exame físico do indivíduo, métodos de diagnóstico por imagem devem ser solicitados frente a incerteza e precisão diagnostica.
Biological control of fruit flies: bibliometric analysis on the main biocontrol agents
Authors: Salustino Angélica da Silva , Celedônio Wilma Freitas , Oliveira Filho Manoel Cícero de , Melo Demichaelmax Sales de , Silva Josué José da , Brito Carlos Henrique de
Published: January 2021

The Tephritidae family has many fruit fly species responsible for causing direct and indirect damage to economically important fruit trees worldwide. Biological control has been sought as a method for the management of these insects, mainly because it does not cause adverse damage to the environment. Thus, this review sought information on what is currently being published in the scientific field about the main biological agents that are used to control fruit flies. The information was obtained through surveys between the months of June and August 2020, in bases such as the Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis, Springer, and Scielo. The inclusion of the articles followed criteria such as publication language English, Portuguese and Spanish, available in full, from categories A1 to B1, related to the biological agents used in the control of fruit flies and published in the last five years. A total of 2,362 studies were found, of which 105 articles were selected for this review. Regarding the years of publication, only 27% of the studies correspond to references from the years 2019 and 2020, with a greater number of research on parasitoids and developed in the laboratory. The largest concentration of research was in countries like Brazil, Mexico, and Spain.
Altas Capacidades em meios Vulneráveis: produções acadêmicas brasileiras e internacionais
Authors: Colozio Amanda Rodrigues de Souza , Rangni Rosemeire de Araújo , Borges África
Published: January 2021

Reconhecer altas capacidades em classes sociais menos favorecidas é um desafio porque crianças em condições de vulnerabilidade podem ser deixadas à margem nos meios sociais e educacionais. Definiu-se como objetivo do artigo verificar em bases de dados brasileiras e internacionais se há produções científicas sobre altas capacidades em meios vulneráveis. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática das produções nas bases de dados: Scientific Eletronic Library Online (Scielo); Periódicos Eletrônicos em Psicologia (PePSIC); Revista Educação Especial, e por fim na EBSCO host, aplicando o filtro de pesquisa: Academic Search Complete, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) e Psycarticles. Como resultados, obteve-se 4 (quatro) artigos brasileiros e 14 (quatorze) artigos internacionais. As produções encontradas se relacionam a temas diversos, tais como: pobreza, encarcerados ou que cometem atos infracionais, situação de rua e vulnerabilidade escolar ou em risco social, sendo que a temática mais relatada nas pesquisas foi altas capacidades e pobreza. Por meio das buscas realizadas, infere-se, que altas capacidades e vulnerabilidade são temas ainda pouco estudados, o que pode levar a crer em uma falta de identificação e atendimento a essas crianças, jovens e adultos de meios vulneráveis e, consequente resultando numa perda de seus talentos.
Educação tecnológica e em valores na perspectiva de Viktor Frankl
Authors: Silva Flávio Luiz Honorato da , Assis Maria Denise de , Honorato Maria Clara  Muniz , Pontes Alisson de Meneses
Published: January 2021

A Logoterapia e Análise Existencial é impactante na humanização da educação, pressuposto teórico do neuropsiquiatra Viktor Emil Frankl.  A Logoterapia e Análise Existencial proposta teórico por Viktor Emil Frankl é impactante na humanização da educação, que pode ser mudada em ações para um estilo de vida na prática universitária de ensino, pesquisa e extensão que seja um modo de priorizar o ser sobre o ter (tecnológico, saber, as coisas), ser com os outros, ter empatia com o outro. A finalidade do artigo é utilizar os pressupostos teóricos da Logoterapia, apresentando caminhos que possam aprimorar a relação educador-educando que pode crescer no diálogo e mais engajamento na busca de humanização das relações dentro das instituições universitárias. O estudo de caso aqui apresentado é da área de tecnologia (engenharia, arquitetura, tecnologias), buscando modos de minimizar o vazio existencial de nossos alunos que tem como consequência aumento dos fenômenos de agressividade, criminalidade, dependência de drogas, depressão e chegando no limite do suicídio, que vem aumentando muito nos últimos anos.
Os benefícios da intervenção fonoaudiológica em bebês com sindrome de down: revisão sistemática
Authors: Cruz Bruno Wenderson da , Sousa Claúdia Catão de Aguiar , Farias Ruth Raquel Soares de
Published: January 2021

A Síndrome de Down decorre da presença de 3 cromossomos 21, ocorrendo no momento da concepção de um bebê o qual ao invés de possuir 46, possuirão 47 cromossomos nas suas células, apresentando alterações motoras, na linguagem e cognitivas. Mesmo com essas alterações as crianças com Síndrome de Down não podem ser tratados como pessoas enfermas, mas como uma condição humana. O objetivo geral da presente pesquisa consiste em analisar quais os benefícios da intervenção fonoaudiologica em bebês com Síndrome de Down. A metodologia utilizada consistiu em uma revisão sistemática. As bases de dados consultadas foram BIREME, LILACS, PubMed e SciELO, incluindo estudos publicados entre os anos de 2015 a 2020. Os descritores utilizados foram: Síndrome de Down, Fonoaudiologia, Estimulação precoce. Após a busca, foram selecionados cinco artigos para análise.  Como resultado, todos os estudos revisados foram afirmativos da importância da estimulação precoce para o desenvolvimento, não apenas motor como também global da criança com Síndrome de Down. Assim, conclui-se que estimulação fonoaudiológica nos primeiros meses de vida é capaz de favorecer o desenvolvimento da linguagem receptiva e expressiva, do sistema sensório motor oral, das funções estomatognáticas e dos aspectos do desenvolvimento cognitivo, proporcionando uma maior independência.
Alteration of object recognition memory after chronic exposure to dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in adult rats
Authors: Ueda Rose Meire Riçato , Souza Verena Miranda de , Magalhães Letícia Rocha , Giuffrida Rogério , Nai Gisele Alborghetti
Published: January 2021

The described neurological symptoms associated with pesticide exposure include memory and concentration problems. Most experimental studies of the association between dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and neurotoxicity have focused on brain development, and few have been conducted in adult animals. The aim of this study was to assess whether chronic oral or inhalation exposure to 2,4-D affects object recognition memory in adult rats. Forty albino Wistar rats were used and distributed into 4 groups (n = 10): I: animals nebulized with distilled water; O: animals receiving feed treated with nebulized distilled water; DI: animals nebulized with 9.28 x 10-3 grams of active ingredient per hectare (g.a.i./ha) of 2,4-D; and DO: animals receiving feed treated with 9.28 x 10-3 g.a.i./ha of nebulized 2,4-D. The animals were exposed for 6 months. To assess recognition memory, the object recognition test was used. Compared to control animals, animals exposed to 2,4-D spent less time exploring objects (p <0.05) and obtained an object recognition index score of -1. Route of exposure to 2,4-D had an effect only on the time spent exploring objects, which was shorter in animals exposed orally. Chronic exposure to a high concentration of 2,4-D alters the ability of adult animals to recognize objects.
Evasão maternal: que políticas as empresas vêm adotando para não perder suas funcionárias para a maternidade? Um estudo multicaso
Authors: Moreira Lídia Maia , Oliveira Junior Marcelo , Sadocco Rafael Rodolfo Sartorelli , Faria Dione Welder de , Bassotto Leandro Carvalho , Pereira Ana Luiza Cordeiro , Ferreira Patrícia Aparecida , Teodoro Alberdan José da Silva , Diniz Iasmin Ribeiro , Putti Fernando Ferrari
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho buscou identificar quais as políticas empresariais que estão sendo adotadas pelas empresas para reter as colaboradoras mães, uma vez que se entende que a saída dessas profissionais acarretaria em prejuízo para as organizações, o que é pouco estudado pela academia. Para tanto, utilizou-se a metodologia de estudo de caso-múltiplo, por meio de duas entrevistas e duas análises documentais, todas elas em empresas de grande porte. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise por meio da categorização de maneira emergente, ou seja, as categorias de análise foram surgindo a partir dos resultados. Por meio disso, foram criadas três categorias de análise e, majoritariamente, a categoria “tipos de benefícios” foram os que mais se destacaram. Os resultados indicaram que as empresas acabam concentrando seus esforços em benefícios pontuais, muito próximos aos da legislação vigorante em cada país, e não necessariamente um arcabouço de políticas empresariais que poderiam de fato atender e reter as colaboradoras mães.
Efectos asociados al cambio del cauce del río San Lorenzo, el Carmen de Viboral-Antioquia
Authors: Montoya-Moreno Yimmy , Naranjo-Cardona Jorge Wilson
Published: January 2021

El objeto de investigación en este proyecto giró en torno a los cambios que sufre el cauce de un río al ser modificado su curso. Para ello se llevó a cabo un trabajo de muestreo en la cuenca hidrográfica del río San Lorenzo, ubicado en el Municipio de El Carmen de Viboral, Oriente Antioqueño, teniendo en cuenta variables fisicoquímicas y bioindicadores como los macroinvertebrados bentónicos. Se corroboró que la desviación y/o cambio del cauce del río San Lorenzo, ha provocado modificaciones en sus características fisicoquímicas y biológicas, evidenciadas en la disminución de la concentración y saturación del oxígeno disuelto, aumento del pH (debido al incremento en la cobertura del perifiton y la fotosíntesis que este genera) y la temperatura del agua (el agua casi no presenta flujo, por lo que se incrementa su energía cinética). Respecto a los macroinvertebrados acuáticos se registró una reducción fuerte de la riqueza y diversidad respecto al cauce normal del río. También se encontró un cambio en la estructura de la comunidad de los macroinvertebrados menos resistentes a la contaminación por otros más tolerantes, pérdida de biodiversidad acuática y un incremento en la concentración de fósforo en el agua derivado de los desechos de una truchera.
Obtención de vitroplantas de Escobedia grandiflora (Fam: Orobanchaceae) a partir de semilla
Authors: González-Serna Arnulfo , Vargas-Espinosa Sara Milena , Hernández-Rendón Cesar Augusto , Muriel-Ruiz Sandra Bibiana
Published: January 2021

Escobedia grandiflora (L.f) Kuntze es una planta hemiparásita, cuya propagación presenta dificultades. Este trabajo se planteó: (1) Determinar el protocolo de desinfección de las semillas, (2) evaluar su germinación con la aplicación de Ácido 3-indol Acético (AIA), y Ácido Giberélico (AG3), y (3) evaluar el desarrollo de plántulas in vitro en dos tipos de gelificante y a diferentes concentraciones de AIA. Mediante esta investigación se encontró que la desinfección de semilla fue mejor en hipoclorito de sodio durante 90 segundos, ya que presentó 0% de contaminación y 100% de germinación. Adicionalmente se obtuvo una mejor germinación sin el uso de hormonas. Por otro lado, el gelificante Phytagel favoreció el mayor crecimiento de plántulas. En cuanto la concentración de AIA, se obtuvo una mayor longitud de la raíz sin la aplicación del AIA, sin embargo, la longitud total de la plántula fue mejor con 1,0 mg/l de AIA. Se concluye que es posible la obtención de vitroplantas de E. grandiflora a partir de semilla, sin adición de las hormonas AIA y AG3 en las concentraciones evaluadas, sin embargo, es importante evaluar otras concentraciones y otras hormonas para acortar el tiempo de las plántulas en condiciones in vitro.
Electrospun PCL/PLA Scaffolds Are More Suitable Carriers of Placental Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Than Collagen/Elastin Scaffolds and Prevent Wound Contraction in a Mouse Model of Wound Healing
Authors: Vonbrunn Eva , Mueller Marc , Pichlsberger Melanie , Sundl Monika , Helmer Alexander , Wallner Stefanie Angela , Rinner Beate , Tuca Alexandru-Cristian , Kamolz Lars-Peter , Brislinger Dagmar , Glasmacher Birgit , Lang-Olip Ingrid
Published: January 2021

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) exert beneficial effects during wound healing, and cell-seeded scaffolds are a promising method of application. Here, we compared the suitability of a clinically used collagen/elastin scaffold (Matriderm) with an electrospun Poly(ε-caprolactone)/poly(l-lactide) (PCL/PLA) scaffold as carriers for human amnion-derived MSCs (hAMSCs). We created an epidermal-like PCL/PLA scaffold and evaluated its microstructural, mechanical, and functional properties. Sequential spinning of different PCL/PLA concentrations resulted in a wide-meshed layer designed for cell-seeding and a dense-meshed layer for apical protection. The Matriderm and PCL/PLA scaffolds then were seeded with hAMSCs, with or without Matrigel coating. The quantity and quality of the adherent cells were evaluated in vitro. The results showed that hAMSCs adhered to and infiltrated both scaffold types but on day 3, more cells were observed on PCL/PLA than on Matriderm. Apoptosis and proliferation rates were similar for all carriers except the coated Matriderm, where apoptotic cells were significantly enhanced. On day 8, the number of cells decreased on all carrier types except the coated Matriderm, which had consistently low cell numbers. Uncoated Matriderm had the highest percentage of proliferative cells and lowest apoptosis rate of all carrier types. Each carrier also was topically applied to skin wound sites in a mouse model and analyzed in vivo over 14 days via optical imaging and histological methods, which showed detectable hAMSCs on all carrier types on day 8. On day 14, all wounds exhibited newly formed epidermis, and all carriers were well-integrated into the underlying dermis and showing signs of degradation. However, only wounds treated with uncoated PCL/PLA maintained a round appearance with minimal contraction. Overall, the results support a 3-day in vitro culture of scaffolds with hAMSCs before wound application. The PCL/PLA scaffold showed higher cell adherence than Matriderm, and the effect of the Matrigel coating was negligible, as all carrier types maintained sufficient numbers of transplanted cells in the wound area. The anti-contractive effects of the PCL/PLA scaffold offer potential new therapeutic approaches to wound care.
CCMAlnc Promotes the Malignance of Colorectal Cancer by Modulating the Interaction Between miR-5001-5p and Its Target mRNA
Authors: Yan Yuqing , Xuan Baoqin , Gao Ziyun , Shen Chaoqin , Cao Yingying , Hong Jie , Chen Haoyan , Cui Zhe , Ye Guangyao , Fang Jing-Yuan , Wang Zhenhua
Published: January 2021

Objective

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is highly malignant and cancer metastasis remains the predominant cause of CRC death. The potential molecular mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) in CRC malignance is still poorly elucidated.

Methods

CCMAlnc expression was analyzed by using the Sequence ReadArchive (SRA) database. Target gene expression was examined by real-time PCR and Western blotting. The biological function of CCMAlnc and miR-5001-5p was detected by cell invasion, CCK8 proliferation, and colony formation assays in loss of function and gain of function experiments in vitro. A luciferase assay was performed to validate the target site of miR-5001-5p on the 3′-UTR of HES6 mRNA.

Results

CCMAlnc was identified as a novel functional lncRNA in CRC. Elevated CCMAlnc was detected in CRC cells as well as in clinical CRC tissue samples, and the expression of this lncRNA positively correlated with the poor prognosis of CRC patients. Functional validation assays revealed that downregulation of CCMAlnc impaired CRC cell proliferation and invasion in vitro, but upregulation of CCMAlnc reversed this effect. Moreover, CCMAlnc was validated to act as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that stabilizes the expression of HES6 by downregulating miR-5001-5p.

Conclusion

CCMAlnc/miR-5001-5p/HES6 signaling is strongly activated to promote CRC malignance. CCMAlnc is defined as a potential candidate biomarker for metastasis prediction in CRC patients and as a potential therapeutic target for CRC treatment.
Mitochondrial Ca2+ Overload Leads to Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Delayed Meiotic Resumption in Mouse Oocytes
Authors: Zhang Luyao , Wang Zichuan , Lu Tengfei , Meng Lin , Luo Yan , Fu Xiangwei , Hou Yunpeng
Published: January 2021

Overweight or obese women seeking pregnancy is becoming increasingly common. Human maternal obesity gives rise to detrimental effects during reproduction. Emerging evidence has shown that these abnormities are likely attributed to oocyte quality. Oxidative stress induces poor oocyte conditions, but whether mitochondrial calcium homeostasis plays a key role in oocyte status remains unresolved. Here, we established a mitochondrial Ca2+ overload model in mouse oocytes. Knockdown gatekeepers of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporters Micu1 and Micu2 as well as the mitochondrial sodium calcium exchanger NCLX in oocytes both increased oocytes mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration. The overload of mitochondria Ca2+ in oocytes impaired mitochondrial function, leaded to oxidative stress, and changed protein kinase A (PKA) signaling associated gene expression as well as delayed meiotic resumption. Using this model, we aimed to determine the mechanism of delayed meiosis caused by mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, and whether oocyte-specific inhibition of mitochondrial Ca2+ influx could improve the reproductive abnormalities seen within obesity. Germinal vesicle breakdown stage (GVBD) and extrusion of first polar body (PB1) are two indicators of meiosis maturation. As expected, the percentage of oocytes that successfully progress to the germinal vesicle breakdown stage and extrude the first polar body during in vitro culture was increased significantly, and the expression of PKA signaling genes and mitochondrial function recovered after appropriate mitochondrial Ca2+ regulation. Additionally, some indicators of mitochondrial performance—such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and mitochondrial membrane potential—recovered to normal. These results suggest that the regulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake in mouse oocytes has a significant role during oocyte maturation as well as PKA signaling and that proper mitochondrial Ca2+ reductions in obese oocytes can recover mitochondrial performance and improve obesity-associated oocyte quality.
Lung Cancer Cells-Controlled Dkk-1 Production in Brain Metastatic Cascade Drive Microglia to Acquire a Pro-tumorigenic Phenotype
Authors: Gan Dong-Xue , Wang Yi-Bei , He Ming-Yang , Chen Zi-Yang , Qin Xiao-Xue , Miao Zi-Wei , Chen Yu-Hua , Li Bo
Published: January 2021

Objectives

Organotropism is primarily determined by tumor-derived exosomes. To date, the role of lung cancer cells-derived exosomes underlying the pre-metastatic niche formation is unclear.

Materials and Methods

The animal models of retro-orbital and intra-ventricular injection were constructed to administrate lung cancer cells-derived exosomes. Cytokine array was used to screen the cytokines released from brain endothelium after internalization of lung cancer cells-derived exosomes. The cellular co-culture system was established to mimic microglia-vascular niche contained lung cancer cells-derived exosomes. The levels of Dkk-1 and the activities of microglia were analyzed by qRT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence. In vivo selections of highly brain metastatic cells were performed to analyze the direct interaction of lung cancer cells with microglia.

Results

Animal studies demonstrated that there was a suppressive signal transferred from brain endothelium to microglia after internalization of lung cancer cells-derived exosomes into brain endothelium, which caused an absolutely less M1 phenotypic microglia and a relatively more M2 phenotypic microglia. Further results indicated that lung cancer cells-derived exosomes induced a release of endogenous Dkk-1 from brain endothelium, which rendered microglia to acquire a pro-tumorigenic feature in pre-metastatic niche. Subsequently, the declines of Dkk-1 in metastatic lung cancer cells removed the suppression on microglia and enhanced microglial activation in metastatic niche.

Conclusion

Our findings shed a new light on the synergistic reaction of the different cells in “neurovascular units” toward the metastatic messages from lung cancer cells and provided a potential therapeutic pathway for lung cancer metastasis to brain.
Functional Gene Expression Differentiation of the Notch Signaling Pathway in Female Reproductive Tract Tissues—A Comprehensive Review With Analysis
Authors: Orzechowska Magdalena , Anusewicz Dorota , Bednarek Andrzej K.
Published: January 2021

The Notch pathway involves evolutionarily conserved signaling regulating the development of the female tract organs such as breast, ovary, cervix, and uterine endometrium. A great number of studies revealed Notch aberrancies in association with their carcinogenesis and disease progression, the management of which is still challenging. The present study is a comprehensive review of the available literature on Notch signaling during the normal development and carcinogenesis of the female tract organs. The review has been enriched with our analyses of the TCGA data including breast, cervical, ovarian, and endometrial carcinomas concerning the effects of Notch signaling at two levels: the core components and downstream effectors, hence filling the lack of global overview of Notch-driven carcinogenesis and disease progression. Phenotype heterogeneity regarding Notch signaling was projected in two uniform manifold approximation and projection algorithm dimensions, preceded by the principal component analysis step reducing the data burden. Additionally, overall and disease-free survival analyses were performed with the optimal cutpoint determination by Evaluate Cutpoints software to establish the character of particular Notch components in tumorigenesis. In addition to the review, we demonstrated separate models of the examined cancers of the Notch pathway and its targets, although expression profiles of all normal tissues were much more similar to each other than to its cancerous compartments. Such Notch-driven cancerous differentiation resulted in a case of opposite association with DFS and OS. As a consequence, target genes also show very distinct profiles including genes associated with cell proliferation and differentiation, energy metabolism, or the EMT. In conclusion, the observed Notch associations with the female tract malignancies resulted from differential expression of target genes. This may influence a future analysis to search for new therapeutic targets based on specific Notch pathway profiles.
miR-7-5p Affects Brain Edema After Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Its Possible Mechanism
Authors: Chen Xiqian , Deng Shuwen , Lei Qiang , He Qiang , Ren Yijun , Zhang Yiliu , Nie Jingjing , Lu Wei
Published: January 2021

Objective: To explore the relationship between miR-7-5p and brain edema after intracerebral hemorrhage and the role of butylphthalide (NBP) in brain edema after intracerebral hemorrhage.

Method: Routine blood testing, C-reactive protein results, and computed tomography data were collected 1, 7, and 14 days after intracerebral hemorrhage in six patients. Levels of MMP-9, ZO-1, occludin, IL-6, TNF-α, and miR-7-5p were detected in each patient's serum. Sixty male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation, intracerebral hemorrhage, and NBP treatment groups. Dry–wet weight was used to assess brain edema, and Evans blue staining was used to assess the permeability of the blood–brain barrier. Expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α, ZO-1 and occludin, PI3K, AKT, p-AKT, AQP4, and miR-7-5p were analyzed in the rat brains.

Result: The blood neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on day 1 was associated with the area of brain edema on day 7. The expression of miR-7-5p decreased after intracerebral hemorrhage, and as a result, the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway was weakened. The decreased inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway resulted in an increase in AQP4 expression, which further aggravated brain edema. NBP can upregulate the expression of miR-7-5p, affecting these pathways to reduce brain edema.

Conclusion: After intracerebral hemorrhage, miR-7-5p expression in brain tissue is reduced, which may increase the expression of AQP4 by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. NBP can inhibit this process and reduce brain edema.
Recent Advances of Osterix Transcription Factor in Osteoblast Differentiation and Bone Formation
Authors: Liu Qian , Li Mao , Wang Shiyi , Xiao Zhousheng , Xiong Yuanyuan , Wang Guangwei
Published: January 2021

With increasing life expectations, more and more patients suffer from fractures either induced by intensive sports or other bone-related diseases. The balance between osteoblast-mediated bone formation and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption is the basis for maintaining bone health. Osterix (Osx) has long been known to be an essential transcription factor for the osteoblast differentiation and bone mineralization. Emerging evidence suggests that Osx not only plays an important role in intramembranous bone formation, but also affects endochondral ossification by participating in the terminal cartilage differentiation. Given its essentiality in skeletal development and bone formation, Osx has become a new research hotspot in recent years. In this review, we focus on the progress of Osx’s function and its regulation in osteoblast differentiation and bone mass. And the potential role of Osx in developing new therapeutic strategies for osteolytic diseases was discussed.
A Novel Autophagy-Related IncRNAs Signature for Prognostic Prediction and Clinical Value in Patients With Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Deng Zhengdong , Li Xiangyu , Shi Yuanxin , Lu Yun , Yao Wei , Wang Jianming
Published: January 2021

Autophagy is an important bioprocess throughout the occurrence and development of cancer. However, the role of autophagy-related lncRNAs in pancreatic cancer (PC) remains obscure. In the study, we identified the autophagy-related lncRNAs (ARlncRNAs) and divided the PC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas into training and validation set. Firstly, we constructed a signature in the training set by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator penalized cox regression analysis and the multivariate cox regression analysis. Then, we validated the independent prognostic role of the risk signature in both training and validation set with survival analysis, receiver operating characteristic analysis, and Cox regression. The nomogram was established to demonstrate the predictive power of the signature. Moreover, high risk scores were significantly correlated to worse outcomes and severe clinical characteristics. The Pearson’s analysis between risk scores with immune cells infiltration, tumor mutation burden, and the expression level of chemotherapy target molecules indicated that the signature could predict efficacy of immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Next, we constructed an lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA regulatory network and identified several potential small molecule drugs in the Connectivity Map (CMap). What’s more, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that serum LINC01559 could serve as a diagnostic biomarker. In vitro analysis showed inhibition of LINC01559 suppressed PC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Additionally, silencing LINC01559 suppressed gemcitabine-induced autophagy and promoted the sensitivity of PC cells to gemcitabine. In conclusion, we identified a novel ARlncRNAs signature with valuable clinical utility for reliable prognostic prediction and personalized treatment of PC patients. And inhibition of LINC01559 might be a novel strategy to overcome chemoresistance.
Transmembrane Peptides as a New Strategy to Inhibit Neuraminidase-1 Activation
Authors: Albrecht Camille , Kuznetsov Andrey S. , Appert-Collin Aline , Dhaideh Zineb , Callewaert Maïté , Bershatsky Yaroslav V. , Urban Anatoly S. , Bocharov Eduard V. , Bagnard Dominique , Baud Stéphanie , Blaise Sébastien , Romier-Crouzet Béatrice , Efremov Roman G. , Dauchez Manuel , Duca Laurent , Gueroult Marc , Maurice Pascal , Bennasroune Amar
Published: January 2021

Sialidases, or neuraminidases, are involved in several human disorders such as neurodegenerative, infectious and cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. Accumulative data have shown that inhibition of neuraminidases, such as NEU1 sialidase, may be a promising pharmacological target, and selective inhibitors of NEU1 are therefore needed to better understand the biological functions of this sialidase. In the present study, we designed interfering peptides (IntPep) that target a transmembrane dimerization interface previously identified in human NEU1 that controls its membrane dimerization and sialidase activity. Two complementary strategies were used to deliver the IntPep into cells, either flanked to a TAT sequence or non-tagged for solubilization in detergent micelles. Combined with molecular dynamics simulations and heteronuclear nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies in membrane-mimicking environments, our results show that these IntPep are able to interact with the dimerization interface of human NEU1, to disrupt membrane NEU1 dimerization and to strongly decrease its sialidase activity at the plasma membrane. In conclusion, we report here new selective inhibitors of human NEU1 of strong interest to elucidate the biological functions of this sialidase.
More Than Mortar: Glia as Architects of Nervous System Development and Disease
Authors: Lago-Baldaia Inês , Fernandes Vilaiwan M. , Ackerman Sarah D.
Published: January 2021

Glial cells are an essential component of the nervous system of vertebrates and invertebrates. In the human brain, glia are as numerous as neurons, yet the importance of glia to nearly every aspect of nervous system development has only been expounded over the last several decades. Glia are now known to regulate neural specification, synaptogenesis, synapse function, and even broad circuit function. Given their ubiquity, it is not surprising that the contribution of glia to neuronal disease pathogenesis is a growing area of research. In this review, we will summarize the accumulated evidence of glial participation in several distinct phases of nervous system development and organization—neural specification, circuit wiring, and circuit function. Finally, we will highlight how these early developmental roles of glia contribute to nervous system dysfunction in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders.
Investigating the Binding Heterogeneity of Trace Metal Cations With SiO2 Nanoparticles Using Full Wave Analysis of Stripping Chronopotentiometry at Scanned Deposition Potential
Authors: Rotureau Elise , Rocha Luciana S. , Goveia Danielle , Alves Nuno G. , Pinheiro José Paulo
Published: January 2021

Silica oxides nano- and microparticles, as well as silica-based materials, are very abundant in nature and industrial processes. Trace metal cation binding with these bulk materials is generally not considered significant in speciation studies in environmental systems. Nonetheless, this might change for nanoparticulate systems as observed in a previous study of Pb(II) with a very small SiO2 particle (7.5 nm diameter). Besides, metal binding by those nanoparticles is surprisingly characterized by a heterogeneity that increases with the decrease of metal-to-particle ratio. Therefore, it is interesting to extend this study to investigate different trace metals and the influence of the nanoparticle size on the cation binding heterogeneity. Consequently, the Cd(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II) binding by two different sized SiO2 nanoparticles (Ludox LS30 and TM40) in aqueous dispersion was studied for a range of pH and ionic strength conditions, using the combination of the electroanalytical techniques Scanned Stripping ChronoPotentiometry and Absence of Gradients and Nernstian Equilibrium Stripping. The coupling of these techniques provides the free metal concentration in the bulk (AGNES) and information of the free and complex concentration at the electrode surface for each Stripping Chronopotentiometry at Scanned deposition Potential (SSCP). A recent mathematical treatment allows the reconstruction of a portion of the metal to ligand binding isotherm with the included heterogeneity information using the full SSCP wave analysis. In this work, we observed that the Zn(II) binding is homogeneous, Cd(II) is slightly heterogeneous, and Pb(II) is moderately heterogeneous, whereas the results obtained with the 7.5 nm diameter nanoparticle are slightly more heterogeneous than those obtained with the one of 17 nm. These findings suggest that the Zn(II) binding is electrostatic in nature, and for both Cd(II) and Pb(II), there should be a significant chemical binding contribution.
Alterations in Urobiome in Patients With Bladder Cancer and Implications for Clinical Outcome: A Single-Institution Study
Authors: Zeng Jiarong , Zhang Guihao , Chen Chunxiao , Li Kun , Wen Yuehui , Zhao Jie , Wu Peng
Published: January 2021

Numerous studies indicate that resident microbiome exists in urine of healthy individuals and dysbiosis of the urobiome (urinary microbiome) may be associated with pathological conditions. This study was performed to characterize the alterations in urobiome and explore its implications of clinical outcome in male patients with bladder cancer. 62 male patients with bladder cancer and 19 non-neoplastic controls were recruited. The follow-up study cohort included 40 patients who were diagnosed with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). Mid-stream urine samples were collected from all the participants the day before cystoscopy. DNA was extracted from urine pellet samples and processed for high throughput 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of the V4 region using Illumina MiSeq. Sequencing reads were filtered using QIIME and clustered using UPARSE. We found bacterial richness indices (Observed Species index, Chao1 index, Ace index; all P < 0.01) increased in cancer group when compared with non-neoplastic group, while there were no differences in Shannon and Simpson index between two groups. During a median follow-up time of 12 (5.25–25) months, 5/40 (12.5%)of the patients developed recurrence and no patient suffered from progression to muscle-invasive disease. Species diversity of the microbiome was significantly higher in the recurrence group compared with non-recurrence group in patients with NMIBC after TURBT. The LEfSe analysis demonstrated that 9 genera were increased (e.g., Micrococcus and Brachybacterium) in recurrence group. To our knowledge we report the relative comprehensive study to date of the male bladder cancer urinary microbiome and its relationship to pathogenesis and clinical outcomes. Given our preliminary data, additional studies evaluating the urine microbiome in relation to clinical outcomes are warranted to improve our understanding of tumor recurrence after TURBT.
Genomic Properties and Temporal Analysis of the Interaction of an Invasive Escherichia albertii With Epithelial Cells
Authors: Romão Fabiano T. , Martins Fernando H. , Hernandes Rodrigo T. , Ooka Tadasuke , Santos Fernanda F. , Yamamoto Denise , Bonfim-Melo Alexis , Jones Nina , Hayashi Tetsuya , Elias Waldir P. , Sperandio Vanessa , Gomes Tânia A. T.
Published: January 2021

Diarrhea is one of the main causes of infant mortality worldwide, mainly in the developing world. Among the various etiologic agents, Escherichia albertii is emerging as an important human enteropathogen. E. albertii promote attaching and effacing (AE) lesions due to the presence of the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) that encodes a type three secretion system (T3SS), the afimbrial adhesin intimin and its translocated receptor, Tir, and several effector proteins. We previously showed that E. albertii strain 1551-2 invades several epithelial cell lineages by a process that is dependent on the intimin-Tir interaction. To understand the contribution of T3SS-dependent effectors present in E. albertii 1551-2 during the invasion process, we performed a genetic analysis of the LEE and non-LEE genes and evaluated the expression of the LEE operons in various stages of bacterial interaction with differentiated intestinal Caco-2 cells. The kinetics of the ability of the 1551-2 strain to colonize and form AE lesions was also investigated in epithelial HeLa cells. We showed that the LEE expression was constant during the early stages of infection but increased at least 4-fold during bacterial persistence in the intracellular compartment. An in silico analysis indicated the presence of a new tccP/espFU subtype, named tccP3. We found that the encoded protein colocalizes with Tir and polymerized F-actin during the infection process in vitro. Moreover, assays performed with Nck null cells demonstrated that the 1551-2 strain can trigger F-actin polymerization in an Nck-independent pathway, despite the fact that TccP3 is not required for this phenotype. Our study highlights the importance of the T3SS during the invasion process and for the maintenance of E. albertii 1551-2 inside the cells. In addition, this work may help to elucidate the versatility of the T3SS for AE pathogens, which are usually considered extracellular and rarely reach the intracellular environment.