bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Depleting net worth of Russian banks: Changes in banks’ risk-taking and the interest rate policy of the Bank of Russia
Authors: Mamonov Mikhail E.
Published: June 2019

Despite achieving success in the tight prudential regulation of the banking sector, the Bank of Russia (CB RF) continues to reveal new cases of negative net worth in banks. This paper investigates the influence of banks’ risk-taking and the interest rate policy of the CB RF on the depletion of net worth in Russian credit institutions during 2007—2017. The quartile regression approach is employed to examine the differences in net worth depletion of already failed banks; additionally, the Heckman selection approach is applied to analyze potential negative net worth that has not been revealed by the CB RF yet. The estimation results suggest that banks’ risk-taking matters: its increases are positively associated with the rises of the probability of bank failures and the size of negative net worth, conditional on failure. Ignoring of banks’ risktaking leads to a substantial upward bias in the estimates of the total size of negative net worth in the banking system — from 3.6 to 5.3 trillion rubles, or by 2% of the system’s total assets. Further, the interest rate policy of the CB RF has a risk-shifting effect: an increase of the key rate together with a rise of its volatility are associated with a further depletion of banks’ net worth. Finally, the paper shows that a joint increase in banks’ risk-taking and the key rate has a further negative effect on banks’ net worth.
Singularity Study of Sectorial Domain by Weak Formulation and Fractal Finite Element in Hamilton System
Authors: Ding Kewei
Published: June 2019

The weak formulation of mixed state equations including boundary conditions are presented in polar coordinate system, mixed variational formulation is established in sectorial domain. The fractal finite element method is used to analyse the sector domain problem. The present result is exactly analogous to the Hamiltonian mechanics for a dynamic system by simulating time variable t with coordinate variable r. The stress singularity at singular point is investigated by means of the fractal finite element method. The present study satisfies the continuity conditions of stresses and displacements at the interfaces. The principle and method suggested here have clear physical concepts. So this method would be easily popularized in dynamics analysis of elasticity.
Comparison
of Data Warehousing and Big Data Principles from an Economic and Technical Standpoint and Their Applicability to Natural Gas Remote Readout Systems
Authors: Kluk Vedran , Crnjac Milić Dominika , Krpić Zdravko
Published: June 2019

In natural gas remote reading, a large amount of data is collected, posing a problem of storing and processing such data to the companies involved. Two major technologies have recently appeared, becoming a de facto standard in processing large amounts of data, i.e., data warehousing and big data. Each of these technologies provides different data processing techniques. In this paper, serial data processing and parallel data processing are considered in data warehousing and big data, respectively. The paper analyzes the feasibility of implementing new technologies for processing a large amount of data generated by remote reading of natural gas consumption. The research conducted in this paper was made in collaboration with a local natural gas distribution company. A comparison of potential software vendors has shown that Qlik offers the best software package for the requirements provided by the local natural gas distribution company. Comparison results have also shown that other potential vendors also offer software packages of good quality.
Clique Comparison and Homophily Detection in Telecom Social Networks
Authors: Mandić Marin , Škobić Davor , Martinović Goran
Published: June 2019

Social Network Analysis (SNA) is based on graph theory and is used for identification of the structure, behavioral patterns and social connectivity of entities. In this paper, SNA is used in the telecom industry in terms of a call detail record referring to phone call data separated into two groups, i.e., domicile network and virtual operator network data. Emphasis was placed on community detection. Comparison was
made among communities detected in domicile and virtual operator networks. Results show that in contrast to domicile network, the number of cliques in the virtual operator network is larger. Also, homophily was detected between domicile network and virtual operator network users.
Media i komunikowanie społeczne: federacja, ale jaka? Dalsze pytania o przyszłość dyscypliny
Authors: Lisowska-Magdziarz Małgorzata
Published: June 2019

Cel: Analiza perspektyw i koncepcji rozwoju polskiego medioznawstwa w zmieniających się warunkach organizacji życia naukowego w Polsce. Autorka porównuje wąską koncepcję medioznawstwa powiązanego z paradygmatem politologicznym oraz koncepcję luźnej federacji wielodyscyplinarnej. Rozważa negatywny wpływ na rozwój polskiego medioznawstwa mechanizmów dyscyplinujących, mających zwiększać performatywność i mierzalność wyników naukowców oraz wymuszających publikowanie w pismach zagranicznych po angielsku. Metody badań: Autorka dokonała przeglądu konceptualizacji dyscypliny od czasu powstania w Polsce nauki o mediach oraz proponowanych nowych rozwiązań systemowych. Wyniki i wnioski: (1) Konieczność celowych działań środowiska na rzecz wzmocnienia statusu medioznawstwa jako dyscypliny naukowej, a nie jedynie zbioru technik i pragmatyk; (2) Potrzeba świadomego przewartościowania kryteriów sukcesu i jakości naukowej we wspólnym polu. Wartość poznawcza artykułu: Wiąże się z jego charakterem polemicznym i programowym – dyskusja o statusie i przyszłości dyscypliny jest obecnie pilną potrzebą środowiska medioznawczego. Pismo medioznawcze jest natomiast odpowiednim kontekstem dla tego typu dyskusji.
Równość płci w ustawodawstwie medialnym. Przypadki Hiszpanii i Polski
Authors: Głuszek-Szafraniec Dagmara , Brzoza Katarzyna
Published: June 2019

Równość płci to temat często poruszany w debacie publicznej w ostatnich latach zarówno w Polsce, jak i w Hiszpanii. Cel: Pokazanie, czy w kontekście gender mainstreaming zasady obowiązujące w wybranych krajach są ze sobą zbieżne, czy różne. Ponadto poszukiwano odpowiedzi na pytanie, w jakiej formie funkcjonują standardy dotyczące równości płci w mediach w obu krajach, tj. czy są to normy ustanawiane przez samych dziennikarzy, czy też jest to element polityki państwa. Metoda: Zaprezentowano wyniki analizy porównawczej regulacji dotyczących równości płci w ustawodawstwie medialnym Hiszpanii i Polski. Wyniki i wnioski: Przeprowadzone analizy pozwoliły uzyskać odpowiedzi na postawione pytania badawcze oraz pokazały, że w kontekście zachowania zasad równości płci w mediach polski ustawodawca może czerpać dobre wzorce z precyzyjnych regulacji hiszpańskich. W Polsce normy równościowe pojawiają się głównie w podręcznikach dobrych praktyk, podczas gdy w Hiszpanii są to standardy przyjęte w trybie ustawodawczym. Wartość poznawcza: Podjęte rozważania mają nowatorski charakter, ale ze względu na zachodzące zmiany oraz rosnącą wrażliwość w zakresie stosowania zasad gender mainsteraming, stały monitoring i analizy porównawcze w tym obszarze wydają się być w pełni uzasadnione.
Uma História Encadernada do Ensino de Matemática no Rio Grade do Norte
Authors: Oliveira Neto Francisco de , González Fredy Enrique
Published: June 2019

A História da Educação Matemática (HEM) vem se consolidando, nas últimas décadas, como um campo de pesquisa promissor, com o intuito de examinar os processos de ensino e aprendizagem da Matemática, realizando um diálogo entre o tempo presente e as demais gerações. Uma das categorias de investigação dessa área de estudo é a análise de cadernos escolares. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho possui como objetivo geral discutir sobre a potencialidade dos estudos históricos utilizando cadernos escolares como fonte de pesquisa. Além disso, pretendemos averiguar as práticas pedagógicas utilizadas por professores de Matemática, a partir de cadernos escolares pessoais utilizados nos Anos Finais do Ensino Fundamental, na Escola Municipal Professora Terezinha Paulino de Lima, localizada em Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, entre os anos de 2002 e 2005. Para isso, o percurso metodológico consistiu em investigar na literatura como os cadernos escolares se constituem como fonte de informação importante. Também analisamos as anotações feitas em quatro cadernos com aulas de Matemática de um mesmo aluno em diferentes anos escolares com o intuito de fazer uma contribuição para a reconstrução histórica do ensino de Matemática e constituir arquivos físicos importantes para a HEM no Rio Grande do Norte. Foi perceptível nessa investigação que existe uma relação estreita entre as anotações das aulas de Matemática expressas nos cadernos escolares com a propagação dos saberes matemáticos. Portanto, é possível concluir que esse recurso se constitui como fonte de informação importante para compreendermos melhor o universo da Educação. Essa abordagem ganha força como estratégia metodológica, no campo da HEM, permitindo a (re)organização de fontes historiográficas, a partir do principal protagonista desse processo: o sujeito.
A pedagogia do silêncio em Auschwitz: uma análise a partir de 174.517
Authors: Campos Isis de Freitas , Medeiros Neta Olívia Morais de
Published: June 2019

O objetivo do artigo é fazer uma análise relativa aos mecanismos que dificultavam a comunicação dos prisioneiros no campo de concentração e extermínio de Auschwitz orientada pelo testemunho É isto um homem? do italiano judeu Primo Levi - ou 174.517, seu número de identificação no Campo. A discussão tem o intuito de contribuir para a compreensão do que foi a experiência do Lager, enfrentando generalizações e banalizações, e investigar o aparato de repressão que se esconde nas entrelinhas dessa estrutura nazista. Através da ideia de pedagogia do silêncio se propõe, então, refletir sobre a violência que ultrapassa os aspectos físicos e que também contribuiu para a tentativa de desumanização do prisioneiro. No cotidiano dessa experiência limítrofe, a comunicação aparece como mais um elemento de restrição e as vítimas acabam inclusive se apropriando do silêncio como estratégia para a própria sobrevivência; no entanto, o testemunho permite também observar como ocorre a resistência à incomunicabilidade.
As principais abordagens de ensino para o surdo: e a valorização da cultura dos surdos
Authors: Barros Hellenvivivan de Alcântara , Alves Francisco Regis Vieira
Published: June 2019

A presente pesquisa, baseada em análise bibliográfica, investigou as principais abordagens de ensino do surdo e a valorização da cultura dos surdos.  O Oralismo, a Comunicação total e o Bilinguismo são as abordagens de ensino que mais influenciaram e ainda influência a concepção sobre o sujeito surdo, a língua de sinais e a cultura surda. Na abordagem oralista o foco era fazer os estudantes a oralizar, tornando-os parecidos com os ouvintes. A língua de sinais era terminantemente proibida. As salas de aulas era um espaço de habilitação/ reabilitação para aquisição da fala e leitura labial, havendo pouco ensino de conteúdo escolar. O fracasso educacional ocasionado pelo uso desse método gerou descontentamento e consequentemente abertura para o surgimento do método conhecido como Comunicação Total. Nesta abordagem o estudante era estimulado a fazer uso de gestos, mímicas, línguas de sinais, oralizar, de aparelhos auditivos. Mesmo havendo valorização da comunicação desses sujeitos, o uso do referido método não foi suficiente para reverter o fracasso educacional dos estudantes surdos. Foi a partir desses resultados que as pesquisas sobre a língua de sinais foi se consolidando e dando origem uma nova abordagem de ensino conhecida como Bilinguismo. Esta abordagem defende que a língua de sinais é a primeira língua do surdo e sua aquisição indispensável para construção da identidade desse sujeito.  Dessa forma estas discussões têm como objetivo geral apresentar as principais abordagens de ensino voltadas na educação do surdo e qual trabalham na valorização da cultura desses sujeitos.
Dehydroepiandrosterone Reduced Lipid Droplet Accumulation via Inhibiting Cell Proliferation and Improving Mitochondrial Function in Primary Chicken Hepatocytes
Authors: LI L.-L. , WANG D. , GE C.-Y. , YU L. , ZHAO J.-L. , MA H.-T.
Published: June 2019

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) possesses fat-reducing effect, while little information is available on whether DHEA regulates cell proliferation and mitochondrial function, which would, in turn, affect lipid droplet accumulation in the broiler. In the present study, the lipid droplet accumulation, cell proliferation, cell cycle and mitochondrial membrane potential were analysis in primary chicken hepatocytes after DHEA treated. The results showed that total area and counts of lipid droplets were significantly decreased in hepatocytes treated with DHEA. The cell viability was significantly increased, while cell proliferation was significantly inhibited in a dose dependent manner in primary chicken hepatocytes after DHEA treated. DHEA treatment significantly increased the cell population in S phase and decreased the population in G2/M in primary chicken hepatocytes. Meanwhile, the cyclin A and cyclin-dependent kinases 2 (CDK2) mRNA abundance were significantly decreased in hepatocytes after DHEA treated. No significant differences were observed in the number of mitochondria, while the mitochondrial membrane permeability and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity were significantly increased in hepatocytes after DHEA treated. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that DHEA reduced lipid droplet accumulation by inhibiting hepatocytes proliferation and enhancing mitochondrial function in primary chicken hepatocytes.
Two Intellectual Landmarks in the Year 1749
Authors: Rassekh Farhad
Published: June 2019

In the year 1749 Adam Smith conceived his theory of commercial liberty and David Hume laid the foundation of his monetary theory. These two intellectual developments, despite their brevity, heralded a paradigm shift in economic thinking. Smith expanded and promulgated his theory over the course of his scholarly career, culminating in the publication of The Wealth of Nations in 1776. Hume elaborated on the constituents of his monetary framework in several essays that were published in 1752. Although Smith and Hume devised their economic theories in 1749 independently, these theories complemented each other and to a considerable extent created the structure of classical economics.
Effects of Methylmercury and Theaflavin Digallate on Adipokines in Mature 3T3-L1 Adipocytes
Authors: Chauhan Shubhangi , Dunlap Kriya , Duffy Lawrence K.
Published: June 2019

Diabetes is a contributor to morbidity across the globe and is often associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome and other inflammatory diseases associated with aging. In addition to genetic and lifestyle factors, environmental factors such as metals and persistent organic pollutants may increase the severity or lower the threshold of these conditions. In cell culture, methylmercury is toxic to adipocytes and may impact adipokine secretions. In this study, we determined the effects of different concentrations of theaflavin digallate on methylmercury exposed 3T3-L1 adipocytes in cell culture. Secretions of resistin, adiponectin and lipid peroxidation product, 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) were monitored using ELISA assays. Cell morphology of methylmercury and theaflavin-3,3′-digallate treated adipocytes was assessed using Lipid (Oil Red O) staining. Exposure to methylmercury increased the levels of resistin and adiponectin as well as 4-HNE when compared to the control cells. Methylmercury treated cells resulted in smaller number of adipocytes and clumped lipid droplets. These results suggest that methylmercury induces reactive oxygen species leading to development of an inflammatory response. Theaflavin-3,3′-digallate reduced the impact of methylmercury by maintaining the adipocytes morphology and secretion patterns of adiponectin, resistin and 4-hydroxynonenal. With this experimental model system other anti-inflammatory and signaling agents could be tested at the biochemical level before eventually leading to studies in animal models.
The Methylene-Cycloalkylacetate (MCA) Scaffold in Terpenyl Compounds with Potential Pharmacological Activities
Authors: Tobal Ignacio E. , Roncero Alejandro M. , Moro Rosalina F. , Díez David , Marcos Isidro S.
Published: June 2019

Recently, the methylene-cycloakylacetate (MCA) scaffold has been reported as a potential pharmacophore for neurite outgrowth activity. In this work, natural diterpenes that embed MCA fragments are reviewed, as they are major components of Halimium viscosum: ent-halimic acid, the prototype for these bioactive compounds. Herein, structures, sources, and activities for the natural diterpenes, as well as their synthetic derivatives of interest, are reviewed.
Antiglycation Activity and HT-29 Cellular Uptake of Aloe-Emodin, Aloin, and Aloe arborescens Leaf Extracts
Authors: Froldi Guglielmina , Baronchelli Federica , Marin Elisa , Grison Margherita
Published: June 2019

Aloe arborescens is a relevant species largely used in traditional medicine of several countries. In particular, the decoction of leaves is prepared for various medicinal purposes including antidiabetic care. The aim of this research was the study of the antiglycation activity of two A. arborescens leaf extracts and isolated compounds: aloin and aloe-emodin. These phytoconstituents were quantitatively assessed in methanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. In addition, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were detected. In order to study their potential use in diabetic conditions, the antiglycation and antiradical properties of the two extracts and aloin and aloe-emodin were investigated by means of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) assays; further, their cytotoxicity in HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells was evaluated by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Furthermore, the ability of aloin and aloe-emodin to permeate the cellular membranes of HT-29 cells was determined in order to estimate their potential in vivo absorption. This assessment indicated that aloe-emodin can substantially pass through cell membranes (~20%), whereas aloin did not permeate into HT-29 cells. Overall, the data show that both the methanolic and the hydroalcoholic A. arborescens extracts determine significant inhibition of glycation and free-radical persistence, without any cytotoxic activity. The data also show that the antiglycation and the antiradical activities of aloin and aloe-emodin are lower than those of the two extracts. In relation to the permeability study, only aloe-emodin is able to cross HT-29 cellular membranes, showing the attitude to pass through the intestinal layer. Overall, the present data surely support the traditional use of A. arborescens leaf extracts against hyperglycemic conditions, while aloin and aloe-emodin as potential drugs need further study.
Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Agents—Myth or Real Alternative?
Authors: Wińska Katarzyna , Mączka Wanda , Łyczko Jacek , Grabarczyk Małgorzata , Czubaszek Anna , Szumny Antoni
Published: June 2019

Herbs and the essential oils derived from them have been used from the beginning of human history for different purposes. Their beneficial properties have been applied to mask unpleasant odors, attract the attention of other people, add flavor and aroma properties to prepared dishes, perfumes, and cosmetics, etc. Herbs and essential oils (EOs) have also been used in medicine because of their biological properties, such as larvicidal action, analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, antioxidant, fungicide, and antitumor activities, and many more. Many EOs exhibit antimicrobial properties, which is extremely important in fields of science and industry, such as medicine, agriculture, or cosmetology. Among the 250 EOs which are commercially available, about a dozen possess high antimicrobial potential. According to available papers and patents, EOs seem to be a potential alternative to synthetic compounds, especially because of the resistance that has been increasingly developed by pathogenic microorganisms. In this review we summarize the latest research studies about the most-active EOs that are known and used because of their antimicrobial properties. Finally, it is noteworthy that the antimicrobial activities of EOs are not preeminent for all strains. Further investigations should, thus, focus on targeting EOs and microorganisms.
Neuroprotective Effects of Red Ginseng Saponins in Scopolamine-Treated Rats and Activity Screening Based on Pharmacokinetics
Authors: Chen Jianbo , Li Meijia , Qu Di , Sun Yinshi
Published: June 2019

Ginseng has been used to alleviate age-related dementia and memory deterioration for thousands of years. This study investigated the protective effect of red ginseng saponins against scopolamine-induced cerebral injury. Meanwhile, pharmacokinetics of ginsenosides in normal and scopolamine-treated rats were compared. After scopolamine injection, glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase levels were significantly decreased when compared with control group. Compared with SA group, pretreatment of rats with red ginseng saponins could increase glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase level. Treatment with red ginseng saponins significantly decreased malondialdehyde level. In the pharmacokinetic analysis, a pattern recognition analysis method was used to investigate the pharmacokinetics of the absorbed compounds in blood. The pharmacokinetic parameters of Rg1, Rg2, Rh3, Rg5 and Rk1 in model group had higher area under the curve (AUC), mean residence time (MRT) and peak plasma concentration (Cmax) values; area under the curve (AUC) values and peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of model group was significantly different from that of normal group (p < 0.05). The Cmax value of Rk3, Rh1, Rh2 and Rh4 in model group was higher than normal group, but their AUC values were not significantly different. There was no significantly difference in time at Cmax (Tmax), AUC and Cmax values of Rb1, Rb2 Re, Rc, Rd and Rf between the model and normal group. 16 ginsenosides were grouped into three separate clusters according to principal component analysis (PCA) score plot based on pharmacokinetic data. The results suggested red ginseng saponins have significant protective effect against scopolamine-induced memory deficit and scopolamine-induced rats could lead to the changes of pharmacokinetic behaviors of ginsenosides.
Numerical Study on Mie Resonances in Single GaAs Nanomembranes
Authors: Raya Andrés M. , Fuster David , Llorens José M.
Published: June 2019

GaAs nanomembranes grown by selective area epitaxy are novel structures. The high refractive index of GaAs makes them good candidates for nanoantennas. We numerically studied the optical modal structure of the resonator. The nanomembrane geometry introduces a strong light-polarization dependence. The scattering is dominated by an electric dipole contribution for polarization along the nanomembrane long dimension and by a magnetic dipole contribution in the orthogonal direction. The dependence on the geometry of the resonances close to the GaAs band gap was modeled by a single coefficient. It describes the resonance shifts against up-to 40% changes in length, height, and width. We showed that the nanomembranes exhibited field enhancement, far-field directionality, and tunability with the GaAs band gap. All these elements confirm their great potential as nanoantennas.
The Need to Strengthen the Role of the Pharmacist in Sri Lanka: Perspectives
Authors: Sakeena M.H.F. , Bennett Alexandra A. , McLachlan Andrew J.
Published: June 2019

The role of the pharmacist in healthcare has evolved greatly over the last half-century, from dispensing to providing direct patient-oriented activities not associated with dispensing. However, pharmacist-led healthcare services in Sri Lanka must undergo reform to fully take advantage of their expertise and training in medicine management and related outcomes in Sri Lankan patients. As befits a profession’s role development and value, professional and educational standards for pharmacists need ongoing development and growth. Currently, university curricula and continuing professional education in Sri Lanka require further development and optimisation to provide the theoretical and practical knowledge and skills regarding quality use of medicines and patient-oriented care. Furthermore, pharmacists’ roles in Sri Lankan hospital and community pharmacist settings need to be recognised and should include the pharmacist as an integral part of the multidisciplinary healthcare team in Sri Lanka. Studies from developed countries and some developing countries have demonstrated that expanded pharmacists’ roles have had a significant positive cost-effective impact on the population’s health. Therefore, the availability of qualified Sri Lankan pharmacists trained to deliver expanded professional services accompanied by greater pharmacist integration into healthcare delivery is crucially important to ensure quality use of medicines within the Sri Lankan healthcare system and optimise the medication-related needs of Sri Lankans.
Obedience as Belonging: Catholic Guilt and Frequent Confession in America
Authors: Stotts Jonathan
Published: June 2019

From the late 19th to the mid-20th century, the practice of private confession to a priest was a mainstay of Catholic parish life in the United States. By the 1970s, Catholics had largely abandoned the practice of private confession. One dominant narrative among Catholic theologians and clergy, identified chiefly with the papacy of John Paul II, attributes the decline in confession to the loss of healthy guilt that took place during the cultural upheaval of the 1960s. In conversation with the work of psychologist and philosopher Antoine Vergote, the present article challenges this narrative, arguing that a collective and unhealthy Catholic guilt existed among American Catholics well before the 1960s and in fact characterized the period in which private confession was practiced most frequently. I contend that obedience to moral prescriptions was not, for ordinary Catholics, part of an ethical program of self-reform but the condition for belonging to a church body that emphasized obedience. Finally, examining the relationship between weekly reception of communion and confession, I suggest that private confession emerged to support frequent communion, persisting only until the latter became standard practice among Catholics in the United States.
АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНИЙ ПОГЛЯД ЩОДО ПІДГОТОВКИ ДО ДЕНТАЛЬНОЇ ІМПЛАНТАЦІЇ ПАЦІЄНТІВ МОЛОДОГО ВІКУ ІЗ ХРОНІЧНИМ ЛОКАЛІЗОВАНИМ ПАРОДОНТИТОМ
Authors: Рузін Геннадій , Любий Віктор
Published: June 2019

У статті розглянуті можливості використання бактеріостатиків у передопераційній підготовці пацієнтів молодого віку із хронічним локалізованим пародонтитом без супутньої соматичної патології, що дозволяє ефективно досягти елімінації пародонтальних бактерій та забезпечити умови для повноцінної остеоінтеграції внутрішньокісткових конструкцій.
¿QUÉ CUENTAN LOS JÓVENES LATINOS?: HISTORIAS DE VIDAS EN ARIZONA, ESTADOS UNIDOS, UN PAÍS AJENO
Authors: Graterol Acevedo Gloria Lisbeth
Published: June 2019

Las investigaciones más recientes sobre los estudios de juventud nos han hecho reflexionar acerca de los diversos ámbitos que se pueden explorar alrededor de este grupo social. Este estudio busca reflejar el sentimiento, deseos y expectativas de futuro de algunos de los jóvenes latinoamericanos inmigrantes que viven en Glendale, Arizona bien porque fueron llevados por sus padres cuando eran pequeños o porque decidieron migrar para mejorar sus condiciones de vida. La metodología que usamos en este estudio se basa en las historias de vida personal. Consideramos que los testimonios de las fuentes orales nos permiten reconstruir el proceso de su propia identidad en el país de destino. Con ello, hemos llegado a la conclusión que la identidad de estos jóvenes ha sido determinada por un proceso de autoconstrucción que les permite definir las fronteras y contenidos basados en sus propias experiencias, en sus orígenes y en la cultura en la que se encuentran inmersos. Debido a su condición de ilegalidad, sus proyectos de vida debes ser reajustados a las circunstancias propias de su realidad.
HYPERIMAGE AND ART HISTORY IN THE DIGITAL ERA
Authors: Vázquez Díaz Diego
Published: June 2019

El rápido crecimiento de la sociedad tecnológica en el contexto de una cultura visual requiere la problematización de las implicaciones epistemológicas, ontológicas, históricas y estéticas que las relaciones entre texto, imagen y los dispositivos tecnológicos proveen. El uso de hypetexto e hyperfotografía como instrumentos aplicados a la comprensión del mundo son ejemplos de la necesidad de considerar la forma en que comprendemos el valor de las imágenes en la era digital. En este texto, argumentaré la posibilidad de hablar sobre hyperimágenes y sus implicaciones en los estudios visuales y los estudios en historia del arte.
IMÁGENES JUVENILES DE LA CONTEMPORANEIDAD LATINOAMERICANA: MÚSICOS INDEPENDIENTES AUTOGESTIVOS Y SICARIOS Y MATARIFES
Authors: Castro Pozo Maritza Urteaga
Published: June 2019

Se analizan las imágenes de jóvenes trendsetters autogestivos de la música independiente y los sicarios y matarifes del narco como dos experiencias de trabajo y vida insertas en procesos socio culturales más amplios –nuevos procesos de producción de la música y procesos de violencia y juvenicidio– que redefinen los procesos de subjetivación juvenil en América Latina y la formación de sujetos en espacios y momentos dados. ¿Cómo estos actores transforman en sus prácticas, discursos, imágenes y ethos las formas de hacer y percibir la vida y el trabajo para no morir y proyectarse al porvenir en un contexto de desafección social, transformación y consolidación neoliberal del Estado y sociedad y de violencias sociales? ¿Qué ethos instituyen con sus prácticas y modos de conducta en los ámbitos en los que se desenvuelven?
FEMINISMO, JUVENTUD Y REGGAETÓN: CUANDO LAS MUJERES CANTAN Y PERREAN
Authors: Viera Alcazar Merarit
Published: June 2019

Desde una perspectiva feminista, el presente escrito es una reflexión sobre la significación y sentido que adquiere la lírica de una canción cuando una mujer joven es quien canta, y enuncia desde el reggaetón. Así, de manera intencionada se analiza discursivamente algunas canciones de reggaetón, con el objetivo de problematizar: primero, al estilo musical del reggaetón, el cual ha sido estigmatizado, tanto por músicos rockeros, así como por diversas instituciones tradicionales como la religión y la familia, definiéndolo como machista y/o misógino. En un segundo momento, se reconoce que el reaggetón es consumido principalmente por jóvenes y, por ende, responde a una visión generacional que experimenta desde otro lugar la significación de la sexualidad, el deseo y la concepción del cuerpo; lo cual, causa estruendo en la moral de una generación anclada a valores sustentados en la familia heterosexual. En esta reflexión no se olvida que el reggaetón sigue presentando símbolos principalmente masculinos en sus líricas; sin embargo, la pregunta que guía el análisis es ¿qué sucede cuándo quien enuncia, canta y compone, es una mujer joven que se apropia de su cuerpo y sexualidad?
LA MÚSICA, UN ELEMENTO CONSTRUCTOR DE LA IDENTIDAD JUVENIL
Authors: Rosal Melo, del Rubicel , Sánchez Fuerte Nancy Elizabeth
Published: June 2019

Los procesos sociales cambian constantemente y se reconfiguran sus campos de estudio y acción, por lo que es necesario reconstruir históricamente estos procesos para entenderlos en su constitución actual, aunando las nuevas construcciones que inciden en las expresiones sociales e individuales de nuestros tiempos. Por lo que, en el presente trabajo, es necesario precisar distintos elementos que al conjuntarse permiten visibilizar un panorama que se ha ido transformado, pero que al mismo tiempo se mantiene como reflejo de una realidad social inminente. Entre ellos están las industrias culturales y su impacto en el desarrollo sociocultural de individuos. Todo lo anterior con el fin de identificar y relacionar las prácticas de consumo cultural actuales, para evidenciar los procesos que se han llevado a cabo históricamente y cómo son reconsiderados al construir identidades, en este caso, a partir de su relación con la música.
HOMIES UNIDOS: ESTRATEGIAS DE REESTRATIFICACIÓN DESDE LA SOCIEDAD CIVIL
Authors: Sánchez Torres Rodrigo
Published: June 2019

El fenómeno de las pandillas transnacionales ha cobrado gran importancia, desafiando a investigadores sociales, autoridades y población en general. Lo que le da importancia al fenómeno es sin lugar a dudas su complejidad...
Giant Protostellar Flares: Accretion-driven Accumulation and Reconnection-driven Ejection of Magnetic Flux in Protostars
Authors: Takasao Shinsuke , Tomida Kengo , Iwasaki Kazunari , Suzuki Takeru K.
Published: June 2019

Protostellar flares are rapid magnetic energy release events associated with the formation of hot plasma in protostars. In the previous models of protostellar flares, the interaction between a protostellar magnetosphere with the surrounding disk plays crucial role in building-up and releasing the magnetic energy. However, it remains unclear if protostars indeed have magnetospheres because vigorous disk accretion and strong disk magnetic fields in the protostellar phase may destroy the magnetosphere. Considering this possibility, we investigate the energy accumulation and release processes in the absence of a magnetosphere using a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulation. Our simulation reveals that protostellar flares are repeatedly produced even in such a case. Unlike in the magnetospheric models, the protostar accumulates magnetic energy by acquiring large-scale magnetic fields from the disk by accretion. Protostellar flares occur when a portion of the large-scale magnetic fields are removed from the protostar as a result of magnetic reconnection. Protostellar flares in the simulation are consistent with observations; the released magnetic energy (up to ∼3 × 1038 erg) is large enough to drive observed flares, and the flares produce hot ejecta. The expelled magnetic fields enhance accretion, and the energy build-up and release processes are repeated as a result. The magnetic flux removal via reconnection leads to redistribution of magnetic fields in the inner disk. We therefore consider that protostellar flares will play an important role in the evolution of the disk magnetic fields in the vicinity of protostars.
Antibacterial acticivity of extracts from Potentilla reptans L.
Authors: Mincheva Irena , Zaharieva Maya M. , Batovska Daniela , Najdenski Hristo , Ionkova Iliana , Kozuharova Ekaterina
Published: June 2019

Potentillareptansis widely used in traditional medicine as an astringent, for treating diarrhoea, haemorrhoids and for bleeding gums. A recent ethnobotanical study has reported on the anti-mastitis effects of the aerial parts ofP.reptansdecoction. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the antibacterial potential of extracts and fractions, obtained from aerial parts ofP.reptansagainst three strains ofStaphylococcusaureus.The observed MICs were within the range of 0.325 – 2.5 mg/ml. Studied extracts and their fractions exerted mostly bacteriostatic effect, with then-hexane fraction of hydroethanolic extract being the most active (MIC 0.313 mg/ml againstS.aureusATCC 6538 P). However, further investigations are necessary to reveal the precise mode of action ofP.reptansagainst mastitis.
Overview of the EVALITA 2018 Task on Irony Detection in Italian Tweets (IronITA)
Authors: Cignarella Alessandra Teresa , Frenda Simona , Basile Valerio , Bosco Cristina , Patti Viviana , Rosso Paolo
Published: June 2019

IronITA is a new shared task in the EVALITA 2018 evaluation campaign, focused on the automatic classification of irony in Italian texts from Twitter. It includes two tasks: 1) irony detection and 2) detection of different types of irony, with a special focus on sarcasm identification. We received 17 submissions for the first task and 7 submissions for the second task from 7 teams.
Overview of the EVALITA 2018 Solving language games (NLP4FUN) Task
Authors: Basile Pierpaolo , Gemmis Marco de , Siciliani Lucia , Semeraro Giovanni
Published: June 2019

This paper describes the first edition of the “Solving language games” (NLP4FUN) task at the EVALITA 2018 campaign. The task consists in designing an artificial player for “The Guillotine” (La Ghigliottina, in Italian), a challenging language game which demands knowledge covering a broad range of topics. The game consists in finding a word which is semantically correlated with a set of 5 words called clues. Artificial players for that game can take advantage from the availability of open repositories on the web, such as Wikipedia, that provide the system with the cultural and linguistic background needed to find the solution.
Overview of the EVALITA 2018 Spoken Utterances Guiding Chef’s Assistant Robots (SUGAR) Task
Authors: Di Maro Maria , Origlia Antonio , Cutugno Francesco
Published: June 2019

The SUGAR task is intended to develop a baseline to train a voice-controlled robotic agent to act as a cooking assistant. The starting point will be therefore to provide authentic spoken data collected in a simulated natural context from which semantic predicates will be extracted to classify the actions to perform. Three different approaches were used by the two SUGAR participants to solve the task. The enlightening results show the different elements of criticality underlying the task itself.
Multi-task Learning in Deep Neural Networks at EVALITA 2018
Authors: Cimino Andrea , Mattei Lorenzo De , Dell’Orletta Felice
Published: June 2019

In this paper we describe the system used for the participation to the ABSITA, GxG, HaSpeeDe and IronITA shared tasks of the EVALITA 2018 conference. We developed a classifier that can be configured to use Bidirectional Long Short Term Memories and linear Support Vector Machines as learning algorithms. When using Bi-LSTMs we tested a multi-task learning approach which learns the optimized parameters of the network exploiting simultaneously all the annotated dataset labels and a multiclassifier voting approach based on a k-fold technique. In addition, we developed generic and specific word embedding lexicons to further improve classification performances. When evaluated on the official test sets, our system ranked 1st in almost all sub-tasks for each shared task, showing the effectiveness of our approach.
Ensemble of LSTMs for EVALITA 2018 Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis task (ABSITA)
Authors: Bennici Mauro , Seijas Portocarrero Xileny
Published: June 2019

In identifying the different emotions present in a review, it is necessary to distinguish the single entities present and the specific semantic relations. The number of reviews needed to have a complete dataset for every single possible option is not predictable.The approach described starts from the possibility to study the aspect and later the polarity and to create an ensemble of the two models to provide a better understanding of the dataset.
The UNIBA System at the EVALITA 2018 Italian Emoji Prediction Task
Authors: Siciliani Lucia , Girardi Daniela
Published: June 2019

This paper describes our participation in the ITAmoji task at EVALITA 2018 (Ronzano et al., 2018). Our approach is based on three sets of features, i.e. micro-blog and keyword features, sentiment lexicon features and semantic features. We exploit these features to train and combine several classifiers using different libraries. The results show how the selected features are not appropriate for training a linear classifier to properly address the emoji prediction task.
UNIBA - Integrating distributional semantics features in a supervised approach for detecting irony in Italian tweets
Authors: Basile Pierpaolo , Semeraro Giovanni
Published: June 2019

This paper describes the UNIBA team participation in the IronITA 2018 task at EVALITA 2018. We propose a supervised approach based on LIBLINEAR that relies on keyword, polarity, micro-blogging features and representation of tweets in a distributional semantic model. Our system ranked 3rd and 4th in the irony detection subtask. We participated only in the constraint run exploiting the training data provided by the task organizers.
Detecting Hate Speech Against Women in English Tweets
Authors: Ahluwalia Resham , Soni Himani , Callow Edward , Nascimento Anderson , Cock Martine De
Published: June 2019

Hate speech is prevalent in social media platforms. Systems that can automatically detect offensive content are of great value to assist human curators with removal of hateful language. In this paper, we present machine learning models developed at UW Tacoma for detection of misogyny, i.e. hate speech against women, in English tweets, and the results obtained with these models in the shared task for Automatic Misogyny Identification (AMI) at EVALITA2018.
Automatic Identification of Misogyny in English and Italian Tweets at EVALITA 2018 with a Multilingual Hate Lexicon
Authors: Pamungkas Endang Wahyu , Cignarella Alessandra Teresa , Basile Valerio , Patti Viviana
Published: June 2019

In this paper we describe our submission to the shared task of Automatic Misogyny Identification in English and Italian Tweets (AMI) organized at EVALITA 2018. Our approach is based on SVM classifiers and enhanced by stylistic and lexical features. Additionally, we analyze the use of the novel HurtLex multilingual linguistic resource, developed by enriching in a computational and multilingual perspective of the hate words Italian lexicon by the linguist Tullio De Mauro, in order to investigate its impact in this task.
Merging datasets for hate speech classification in Italian
Authors: Fortuna Paula , Bonavita Ilaria , Nunes Sérgio
Published: June 2019

This paper presents an approach to the shared task HaSpeeDe within Evalita 2018. We followed a standard machine learning procedure with training, validation, and testing phases. We considered word embedding as features and deep learning for classification. We tested the effect of merging two datasets in the classification of messages from Facebook and Twitter. We concluded that using data for training and testing from the same social network was a requirement to achieve a good performance. Moreover, adding data from a different social network allowed to improve the results, indicating that more generalized models can be an advantage.
Detecting Hate Speech for Italian Language in Social Media
Authors: Santucci Valentino , Spina Stefania , Milani Alfredo , Biondi Giulio , Di Bari Gabriele
Published: June 2019

In this report we describe the hate speech detection system for the Italian language developed by a joint team of researchers from the two universities of Perugia (University for Foreigners of Perugia and University of Perugia). The experimental results obtained in the HaSpeeDe task of the Evalita 2018 evaluation campaign are analyzed. Finally, a suggestion for future research directions is provided in the conclusion.
Text analysis for hate speech detection in Italian messages on Twitter and Facebook
Authors: Bianchini Giulio , Ferri Lorenzo , Giorni Tommaso
Published: June 2019

In this paper, we present a system able to classify hate speeches in Italian messages from Facebook and Twitter platforms. The system combines several typical techniques from Natural Language Processing with a classifier based on Artificial Neural Networks. It has been trained and tested on a corpus of 3000 messages from the Twitter platform and 3000 messages from the Facebook platform. The system has been submitted to the HaSpeeDe task within the EVALITA 2018 competition and the experimental results obtained in the evaluation phase of the competition are presented and discussed.
A Branch-and-Bound-Based Crossover Operator for the Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Weise Thomas , Jiang Yan , Qi Qi , Liu Weichen
Published: June 2019

In this article, the new crossover operator BBX for Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) for traveling salesman problems (TSPs) is introduced. It uses branch-and-bound to find the optimal combination of the (directed) edges present in the parent solutions. The offspring solutions created are at least as good as their parents and are only composed of parental building blocks. The operator is closer to the ideal concept of crossover in EAs than existing operators. This article provides the most extensive study on crossover operators on the TSP, comparing BBX to ten other operators on the 110 instances of the TSPLib benchmark set in EAs with four different population sizes. BBX, with its better ability to reuse and combine building blocks, surprisingly does not generally outperform the other operators. However, it performs well in certain scenarios. Besides presenting a novel approach to crossover on the TSP, the study significantly extends and refines the body of knowledge on the field with new conclusions and comparison results.
Trial by Social Media
Authors: Taylor Jacqui , Tarrant Gemma
Published: June 2019

Social media makes it easier than ever to access information and opinions associated with criminal proceedings and viewing or discussing these pre-trial could reduce juror impartiality. This study explored whether viewing social media comments influenced mock juror verdicts. Seventy-two participants formed 12 six-person ‘mock juries'. All participants received information regarding a murder trial. Nine groups were exposed to social media comments, manipulated to be negative, positive or neutral towards the defendant. The remaining three groups only received trial information (control condition). Results showed that prior to group discussion, exposure to negatively-biased comments significantly increased the number of guilty verdicts, however these effects disappeared after group discussion. Therefore, although jurors may be unable to remain impartial before a trial, jury discussion can remove these prejudices, supporting previous group research. Further research is suggested where participants interact actively with social media, rather than passively viewing comments.
About Fully Homomorphic Encryption Improvement Techniques
Authors: El-Yahyaoui Ahmed , El Kettani Mohamed Daifr Ech-Cherif
Published: June 2019

Fully homomorphic encryption schemes (FHE) are a type of encryption algorithm dedicated to data security in cloud computing. It allows for performing computations over ciphertext. In addition to this characteristic, a verifiable FHE scheme has the capacity to allow an end user to verify the correctness of the computations done by a cloud server on his encrypted data. Since FHE schemes are known to be greedy in term of processing consumption and slow in terms of runtime execution, it is very useful to look for improvement techniques and tools to improve FHE performance. Parallelizing computations is among the best tools one can use for FHE improvement. Batching is a kind of parallelization of computations when applied to an FHE scheme, it gives it the capacity of encrypting and homomorphically processing a vector of plaintexts as a single ciphertext. This is used in the context of cloud computing to perform a known function on several ciphertexts for multiple clients at the same time. The advantage here is in optimizing resources on the cloud side and improving the quality of services provided by the cloud computing. In this article, the authors will present a detailed survey of different FHE improvement techniques in the literature and apply the batching technique to a promising verifiable FHE (VFHE) recently presented by the authors at the WINCOM17 conference.