bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Company Size, Leverage, and Free Cash Flow on Earnings Management and Company Value in LQ45 Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2022
Authors: Suhasto RB. Iwan Noor , Anggraeny Shinta Noor , Kirowati Dewi , Khasanah Alif Fidyah Nur
Published: September 2024

The aim of this research is to examine the effects of firm size, leverage, and free cash flow on earnings management and firm value. The population for this study consists of all companies listed on the LQ45 index at the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2022. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, resulting in 22 companies. This study employs a quantitative approach, utilizing IBM SPSS 23 for data analysis, with hypothesis testing conducted through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The results indicate that the proportion of firm size has a negative and insignificant effect on earnings management and firm value. Conversely, leverage growth and free cash flow have a positive and significant impact on both earnings management and firm value.
Improving models of pedestrian crossing behavior using neural signatures of decision-making
Authors: Ma Siwei , Yan Xuedong , Billington Jac , Leonetti Matteo , Merat Natasha , Markkula Gustav
Published: September 2024

Understanding and modelling pedestrian behavior is important for traffic safety, not least in the context of vehicle automation. There exist competing models for how pedestrians decide if and when to cross a road with oncoming traffic. Distinguishing between these competing models is non-trivial, but recent results in the cognitive neuroscience of decision-making offer a promising method, complementing behavioral data with electroencephalography (EEG): Previous EEG studies have shown that the centro-parietal positive potential (CPP) reflects evidence accumulation during abstract perceptual decision-making tasks, and that it can be used to arbitrate between alternative models of these tasks. However, it is not yet known whether the CPP can be used to support modeling in more complex, embodied contexts, such as human locomotion in road traffic. Here, we address this question by designing an EEG paradigm for pedestrian road-crossing. In a computer-based experiment, participants made road-crossing decisions in a simulated scenario where a car approached them under different time-to-arrival (TTA) conditions. Three perception-based drift diffusion models and one utility-based drift diffusion model were used to model the pedestrian behavior. The behavioral data showed a partial preference for the utility-based model over the perception-based drift diffusion models. The EEG data showed a CPP signal, which helped distinguish between the models in a way that behavioral data alone could not: CPP amplitude was positively correlated with accumulated evidence in the drift-diffusion models, and with stronger correlations for the utility-based model than for the perception-based models. Our results show that the CPP signature can be used to help arbitrate between competing decision-making models also in more embodied tasks, a finding which has applied implications not least in the context of traffic safety engineering and vehicle automation.
Matematiikka-ahdistuksen lieventäminen rentoutus- ja kertolaskuharjoittelulla: Pilotti-interventiotutkimus
Authors: Jylänki Pinja , Sutela Katja , Korhonen Johan , Mononen Riikka
Published: September 2024

Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli kehittää ja pilotoida luokassa toteutettavia matematiikka-ahdistusta lieventäviä harjoitusohjelmia. Tutkimukseen osallistui 80 viides- ja kuudesluokkalaista (KA = 12.3 v.). Jokaiselle luokalle arvottiin yksi kolmesta harjoitusohjelmasta, jota tehtiin matematiikan tuntien alussa, noin 3–6 minuuttia, kolme kertaa viikossa kolmen viikon ajan. Interventioryhmissä tehtiin rentoutus- tai kertolaskuharjoituksia ja aktiivisessa kontrolliryhmässä kehorytmiharjoituksia. Oppilaat vastasivat matematiikka-ahdistusta koskevaan kyselyyn ja tekivät laskusujuvuuden testin (kertolaskut ja moninumeroiset laskut) ennen ja jälkeen harjoittelujakson. Ryhmien sisäiset tarkastelut t-testeillä osoittivat, että rentoutusharjoittelulla oli keskisuuri laskeva vaikutus (g = –0.33) affektiiviseen matematiikka-ahdistukseen, mutta muutos jäi hieman tilastollisesta merkitsevyydestä (p =. 082). Kertolaskuharjoittelu-ryhmässä kertolaskusujuvuus kehittyi tilastollisesti merkitsevästi (g = 0.47, p =. 015) ja moninumeroisten laskujen sujuvuuteen muutos oli lähes merkitsevä (g = 0.36, p = .059). Kehorytmiharjoittelulla ei havaittu vaikutusta matematiikka-ahdistukseen eikä laskusujuvuuteen. Kovarianssinalyysillä tarkasteltuna ryhmien välillä ei löytynyt eroja loppumittauksessa. Pilottitutkimuksen tulokset ovat lupaavia interventio-ohjelmien kehittämis- ja jatkotutkimukselle.
Good Governance: Rural Development Perspectives in Nepal
Authors: Bhandari Ramesh
Published: September 2024

This article examines the interplay between good governance and rural development perspectives in Nepal. Good governance is a critical factor in promoting sustainable development and addressing the socioeconomic disparities prevalent in rural areas. The study explores the various dimensions of good governance and its impact on rural development in Nepal. The research draws on a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, government policies, and empirical data to provide insights into the relationship between good governance and rural development. It discusses the importance of transparency, accountability, participation, and responsiveness in governance practices and their potential implications for rural development outcomes. It delves into infrastructure development, agricultural programs, education, healthcare, and community empowerment as key elements of the government's approach. The challenges and constraints faced in implementing good governance practices in the rural context are also discussed. The findings highlight the significance of effective governance in promoting rural development and suggest areas for improvement in policy and implementation. The article concludes by providing recommendations for enhancing good governance practices in Nepal, such as strengthening institutional frameworks, promoting citizen engagement, and addressing corruption.
Demand & Perception Analysis of Nepal Telecoms' Fiber-to-the- Home (NT-FTTH) Service at Myanglung Municipality Tehrathum
Authors: Dahal Shiba Prasad
Published: September 2024

Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) technology has revolutionized the internet landscape by providing high-speed and reliable internet access directly to residential premises. This research aims to conduct a demand analysis of FTTH internet services to understand the factors driving consumer adoption and the potential barriers hindering its widespread implementation in Myanglung Municipality service rendered by Nepal Telecom. The study employs a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative and qualitative interviews to gain comprehensive insights into consumer preferences, perceptions, and prices related to FTTH internet. The findings from this research will contribute to a better understanding of the market dynamics and inform internet service providers and policymakers on strategies for enhancing FTTH adoption.
Political instability: A major challenge for nation building in the context of Nepal
Authors: Guragain Govinda Prasad
Published: September 2024

This article explores the difficulties associated with nation-building in Nepal, illuminating the country's diverse cultural, ethnic, religious, and linguistic landscape. Conflicts can arise from differences in identity and perspective, and this diversity frequently acts as a fertile ground for them. These disputes can take many different forms, from tensions within the socioeconomic class to movements calling for independence or even division between various racial or cultural groups. These disputes have their roots in antiquity and are intricately linked to the development of human societies. In Nepal, these tensions are made worse by large differences in income, opportunities, and resource availability, which pose serious obstacles to the country's development and attempts to foster unity. The idea that effectively managing these conflicts and inequalities is essential to Nepal's nation-building efforts is central to the article's narrative. The goal is to integrate diverse communities into nation-building efforts and ensure their meaningful involvement in determining the course of the nation by addressing the root causes of these disparities and promoting inclusive governance and dialogue. While not exclusive to Nepal, this focus on diversity and conflict resolution is a reflection of the difficulties encountered by many countries attempting to manage diversity in the modern world.
Impact of Capital structure on stock return
Authors: Mahato Jai Kumar
Published: September 2024

This study delves into the complex variables that impact investor perceptions and market results by investigating the link between a firm's capital structure and its stock performance. The key to sound financial management is understanding a company's capital structure, which is the mix of stock and debt used to finance operations. Considerations include financial risk, cost of capital, financial leverage, market circumstances, investor perception, and regulatory framework. All these aspects interact with capital structure decisions and their impact on stock return. With financial risk being both a blessing and a curse, the effect of capital structure on stock returns is complex and multi-faceted. Using debt can increase earnings during good times, but it leaves you exposed during bad times. Decisions on the capital structure affect the cost of capital, which in turn affects the attractiveness of a firm to investors. By fine-tuning the arrangement of the capital structure, one may lower the cost of capital and, maybe, boost stock returns. Considering both the changes made to the capital structure and the company's financial performance is necessary for evaluating overall returns and, more importantly, for determining if "stock returns are sensitive to changes in the structure. To put a number on this effect, we used stock returns as our dependent variable and debt-to-equity ratios, return on equity, and profits per share as our independent variables. The supplied variables were used to produce the findings using the regression model".
Degeneración combinada subaguda de la médula y gastritis atrófica: revisión de la literatura
Authors: Rojas Flórez Jorge Luis , Sanchéz Libardo , Barrero Torres Nelson , Ramírez Mora Karen Giselle , Tíjaro Merchán Viviana , Poveda Hurtado Viviana , Abella Rodríguez Alejandra , Daza Araujo Dilia
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord is a consequence of vitamin B12 deficiency. Its clinical presentation includes paresthesia, and proprioception and vibratory sensation loss, which can become disabling. Case presentation: we report the case of an elderly patient who experienced initial paresthesia which progressed to paraparesis, as well as some memory loss. Based on his physical examination a diagnostic impression of myelitis was made. Further investigation evidenced cyanocobalamin deficiency. Conclusion: patient was treated with vitamin B12 supplementation, obtaining an adequate response. There are numerous causes of vitamin B12 deficiency, however, its treatment is simple, and its early initiation can prevent severe neurological symptoms leading to disability.
Neumomediastino como complicación de enfermedad pulmonar intersticial en dermatomiositis
Authors: Rodríguez Vargas Edilsa Carolina , Cuadros Ramírez Xiomara Pamela , Delgadillo Cañón Erika Daniela
Published: September 2024

Introduction: dermatomyositis is an idiopathic, heterogenous, inflammatory myopathy, which is difficult to diagnose. It is associated with cutaneous manifestations and is considered a variable disease in terms of clinical presentation, course, and prognosis. It may involve different organs and systems, in addition to the skin and muscles. Case report: 56-year-old patient with a history of dermatomyositis who was admitted to the emergency room with dysphagia to solids and liquids, asthenia and adynamia. A thoracic CT scan evidenced pneumomediastinum and multilobar consolidations. Symptoms improved after antibiotic management and methotrexate initiation. Discussion:  not many cases of pneumomediastinum in the context of interstitial disease associated with dermatomyositis have been described, thus studying this condition is relevant. The patient did not refer respiratory symptoms. The endoscopy study and esophageal CT scan did not reveal esophageal perforation, thus pneumologists attributed this clinical presentation to the Macklin effect. Conclusion: spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rare complication carrying a high mortality rate, however it can occur in patients with interstitial lung disease.
Pengaruh Kredibilitas Karin Novilda sebagai Celebrity Influencer Produk Liquid Vape “CANDU” terhadap Minat Beli Followers Instagram
Authors: Alam Mutiara Nur , Yuliasari Ika
Published: September 2024

Since the last few years, many business people have started to switch their market into digital and use technology to promote their products. They started to use social media influencers as a part of promotion. An influencer can be seen for their credibility from how high their followers buy interest.  Karin Novilda is a celebrity endorser on Instagram or commonly known as Awkarin. Currently, the number of Awkarin's followers is 7.9 million people. With the large number of her followers and current popularity, this is certainly considered very possible to influence her followers' buying interest in the "CANDU" liquid vape product. This study aims to know the effect and how much the effect of the credibility of Karin Novilda as a Celebrity Endorser of “CANDU” liquid vape to her followers' buying interest. This study supports the theory of Source Credibility. This theory itself discusses that one's credibility has an important role in persuading the audience to determine their views. After using quantitative method research, it’s found that  Karin Novilda's credibility as a celebrity endorser has an influence of 27.6% on her followers' buying interest.
Methods for purifying table salt from the Bakhyt-Тany deposit
Authors:   M.Auezov South Kazakhstan Research University, Urazkeldiyeva D.A. , Kadirbayeva A.A. ,   M.Auezov South Kazakhstan Research University, Minakovsky A.F. ,   Belarusian State Technological University, Sarypbekova N.K. ,   M.Auezov South Kazakhstan Research University, Smailov B.M. ,   M.Auezov South Kazakhstan Research University
Published: September 2024

This article discusses modern methods of purifying table salt from the Bakhyt-Tany deposits. Currently, the demand for various methods of production and processing of table salt is increasing. Therefore, high-quality purification of table salt and its effective use is one of the urgent tasks. As an object of study, salts were taken from the Bakhyt-Tany deposit, located in the Sozak district of the Turkestan region. The main goal of the scientific work is to study methods for purifying and processing sodium chloride from impurities. Modern analytical methods were used during scientific research. To determine the physicochemical properties of table salt, PEM JSM 6610 LV, X-ray microanalysis Inca Energy-450, energy dispersive system-fluorescence spectroscopy, IR-Fourier spectrometer were chosen. As a result of the research work, it turned out that using only the lime-soda method itself, it is possible to purify salt from calcium and magnesium ions up to 90-93%. It has been established that when using the phosphate method of purifying a saline solution, the degree of purification from calcium and magnesium ions increases to 95-97%. To further increase the degree of purification, it was recommended to first purify the solution using the lime-soda method, and then purify the solution using the phosphate method. It has been established that with this method the degree of purification can be increased to 99%.
Physical and chemical study of manganese dioxide sorbent after sorption of lithium from brines
Authors:   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation JSC, Abdulvaliyev R.A. ,   Satbayev University, Karshyga Z.B. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation JSC; Satbayev University, Yersaiynova A.A. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation JSC, Satbayev University, Yessengaziyev A.M. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation JSC; Satbayev University, Orynbayev B.M. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation JSC; Satbayev University, Kvyatkovskaya M.N. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation JSC; Satbayev University
Published: September 2024

The article presents the results of the study for the synthesized manganese dioxide sorbent after its saturation with lithium from brine. The sorbent was previously prepared. For this purpose the mixture of manganese oxide compounds was kept with lithium hydroxide in a wet state at 125 °C, calcinated at 450 °C and then the precursor was treated with dilute hydrochloric acid. The process intended to saturate the sorbent with lithium was performed by putting it in contact with a lithium-containing brine with a pH of 8.77 at T = 40°C for 24 hours in four cycles. The sorbent after saturation was studied using X-ray phase and thermal analysis methods. X-ray phase analysis showed that lithium-containing phases are represented by such compounds as Li(Li0.17Mn0.83)2O4 and Li0.78Mn1.88O4. The results of thermal analysis show the possibility of phases to be in the sorbent after saturation LiMn2O4 and Li1,3Mn2O4 phases. The study results showed that ion-exchange interaction takes place between the lithium-ion from the brine and the proton from the manganese-oxide spinel composition to a greater extent during sorption. Besides, the redox nature of the interaction is present during the sorption of lithium. All lithium intercalation reactions proceed topotactically without significant changes in the main structure of the original sorbent.
Optimization of joint electric smelting of the Shalkiya sulfide ore and its beneficiation tailings with medium-silicon ferrosilicon production
Authors:   M.Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shevko V.M. , Makhambetova B.A. ,   M.Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Aitkulov D.K. ,   National Center on complex processing of mineral raw materials of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Badikova A.D. ,   M.Auezov South Kazakhstan University
Published: September 2024

Flotation beneficiation of the Shalkiya deposit high-silicon sulfide ore, containing 4-6% of ∑ Pb and Zn, is ineffective, with the extraction of ˂80% of zinc and ˂60% of lead into the concentrate and the formation of up to 0.93 t of tailings per 1 ton of the ore. The paper presents the results of experimental studies on the processing of a mixture of the Shalkiya ore and its beneficiation tailings by electric smelting in the presence of coke, steel cuttings and magnetite concentrate, which acts as a sulfide oxidizer and iron supplier. The effect of coke and the iron replacement degree in magnetite concentrate with iron in steel cuttings on the silicon extraction in the alloy and its content in the alloy was studied using the method of planning experiments and their optimization. It was established that from 75 to 82.8% of silicon is extracted from the mixture into the silicon-containing alloy. The silicon content in the alloy varies from 30 to 44.2%. The formation of FeSi45 grade ferrosilicon, containing 41-47.7% of silicon, occurs during the smelting of the mixture of ore and tailings with a ratio of 1:1 in the presence of 26.8-33.0% of coke and the replacement of iron from magnetite concentrate with iron from steel cuttings from 19.4 to 97%. The sublimates formed during the electric smelting contain 25.2% of Zn and 11.7% of Pb. They are 9.4 times richer in ∑Zn and Pb compared to the base mixture.
Novel Reviews
Authors: Akhter Yasmin , Borch Adam , Çakmak Gizem Damla , Lee Chloe
Published: September 2024

Emily Ruete, E. J. van Donzel, An Arabian Princess between Two Worlds: Memoirs, Letters Home, Sequels to the Memoirs: Syrian Customs and Usages (Brill, 1992), 549 pages, (€296.00)

Erich Kästner, Emil and the Detectives (Random House, 1995 [1959]), translated by Eileen Hall, p. 218, price $9.99)1

Larissa Lai, Salt Fish Girl (Toronto: Thomas Allen Publishers, 2002), 1–269, $21.95

Sarah Howe, Loop of Jade (London: Penguin Random House, 2015), £10.00, 80pp.
An Analysis of General Pervaiz Musharrafâ€™s Devolution Plan
Authors: Rafique Saima
Published: September 2024

President Musharraf introduced a devolution and decentralization plan for good service delivery and fiscal reforms at the grass-roots level, but he consolidated his power base in the disguise of this plan and was restricted by strong opposition. Hopes for the growth of grassroots leadership, political grooming, women's engagement, and the freedom of minorities, workers, and farmers were in trouble as the administration of President Musharraf dissolved. This study investigates Musharraf's Devolution plan, which was put into action in Pakistan in the year 2001. The study finds the quality of public services has made it possible for some degree of local autonomy to exist. It is also helpful for determining why the devolution plan is so off the wall, which is another way of saying "off the deep end."
Corporate Social Responsibility and Market Value: Does Foreign Ownership Matter?
Authors: Maqsood Vasia , Mustafa Ghulam , Ashfaq Khurram
Published: September 2024

This study explores the moderating role of foreign ownership in relationship between corporate social responsibilities reporting and firm market value using the cross-sectional data in the Indian context. For this purpose, this exploration takes data from 2019 of companies listed on Bombay stock exchange. Our results show that Tobin's Q is positively related to CSR but not at significant level. Foreign ownership effect on CSR spending levels and Tobin's Q has also been found negative. The investor did not perceive CSR spending positively whether the company spent more than required CSR spending or not. Future research may examine the empirical studies by taking the panel data of the Top 500 index companies. This study is relevant in the context to enhance our understanding of the value relevance of CSR and market value relationship and for getting more precise results.
Has COVID-19 caused a devaluation of the ruble and the currencies of developing countries?
Authors: Nepp A. N. , Dzhuraeva Z. F.
Published: September 2024

Developing country currencies experienced strong fluctuations during the pandemic. In order to clarify the reasons of the high volatility of the Russian ruble, the Brazilian real and the Indian rupee we investigate the impact of COVID-19, its coverage in the social media and inquire about the coronavirus in Google on the exchange rates of the currencies in the study on the dollar during the period of high volatility from 01.01.2020 to 30.04.2020. Based on the works on crowd psychology, and behavioural finance, we theorise about the effects of coronavirus attention and hysteria (hype) around it on currency markets. Based on the developed GARCH models, we empirically prove that an increase in the number of publications on coronavirus in the national segment of Facebook and Instagram was accompanied by a rise in the volatility of national currencies. Such results were observed for the exchange rates of the rouble, the real and the rupee. We proved the presence of a hype-effect around COVID-19 in case of the USD/RUB exchange rate. With heightened interest in the coronavirus, the effect manifested itself in an increase in the degree to which COVID-19 coverage in social media affected the volatility of the ruble exchange rate.
Collective efficiency of network structures — an example of automobile industry
Authors: Komarova I. P.
Published: September 2024

Network forms of contracting allow participants to achieve economic benefits as a result of their joint interaction — collective efficiency. Numerous studies of modern economists demonstrate its existence, but most of them are limited to considering the qualitative estimate of this category, not paying due attention to its quantitative assessment. There are macroeconomic methods for measuring the total collective efficiency associated with assessing the distribution of value added. But measuring collective efficiency at the micro-level, for individual participants in network interaction, is difficult due to the lack of adequate assessment tools. In this study, it is proposed to use a proxy indicator to measure and compare the collective efficiency of network participants with a different number of counterparties. The study aims to compare the collective efficiency of networks with different levels of links’ stability between participants — networks with a relatively small number of suppliers and long-term relations with them, and networks with a relatively lower degree of links and a bigger number of suppliers. A comparative analysis of the efficiency of networks with different numbers of first-tier suppliers was carried out both under relatively stable conditions for the functioning of network structure and under conditions of external shocks. Global networks in the automotive industry (Ford, General Motors, Volkswagen and Honda) are considered as real examples. The article also compares the efficiency of network and vertically integrated structures. BYD Company Limited, the world’s largest manufacturer of electric vehicles, is taken as an example of a vertically integrated structure that provides the full cycle of auto production. The results obtained in the study and the possibility of their meaningful interpretation confirmed the adequacy of the proposed tools.
On one statistical method for analyzing economic processes balancedness
Authors: Bogatov E. M. , Demidova E. G.
Published: September 2024

The paper proposes a statistical approach to determining the stability and sustainability of economic processes based on the analysis of the dynamics of averages and standard deviations of one or more industry average indicators characterizing these processes. According to this approach, a method for constructing acceptable limits for the change in and similar to the method used in quality control of technological processes by means of Shewhart or Hotelling control charts is proposed. Going beyond the acceptable limits of the indicators ͞X (S̅) will signify the instability (unsteadiness) of the corresponding process; a process that has the property of stability and sustainability at the same time is defined as balanced. The method of analysis of economic processes presented in the paper differs from the traditional one — it allows not only to compare the retrospective indicators of the analyzed enterprise with the industry average or recommended value, but also to determine the trend in the behavior of the analyzed process within acceptable limits. The boundaries are set on the basis of a statistical analysis of the indicators of this process for a homogeneous sample, which includes similar companies. In addition, the authors’ methodology allows us to assess the dynamics of the spread of indicator values, which is also an important factor in the study of economic processes. The method was tested as part of the analysis of the financial and economic process, characterized by the coefficients of financial stability and profitability of sales of a number of Russian metallurgical companies observed over a period of ten years (2012–2021).
Survival of the strongest in a sequential truel
Authors: Ilinskiy D. G. , Izmalkov S. B. , Savvateev A. V.
Published: September 2024

Sequential truel is a duel-like game between three players. Each players is endowed with his own marksmanship. At each turn, a player whose turn is to shoot can target any of the remaining alive opponents or abstain from shooting. The game ends when there is only one player alive or when all alive players abstained from shooting one after another. The single survivor obtains the “survivor” prize 1, while the payoff of all other players is 0. In the case the truel ends due to “inactivity”, all the players receive the payoff of 0. It is a deeply studied game with paradoxical finding that the weakest player has the highest probability of surviving in many settings, especially when the player can abstain from shooting. Here we present an explicit construction that contradicts this finding. There exists a mixed strategy subgame perfect equilibrium in which the strongest player has the highest probability of survival. This equilibrium exists for a specific order of play, in which the two stronger opponents act before the weakest one. When it exists, there are multiple subgame-perfect equilibria, including the existing stationary construction, in which two stronger opponents target each other.
Mammals of Ethiopia: results and prospects of Russian studies
Authors: Lavrenchenko L. A.
Published: September 2024

The article provides a brief overview of the main results of studies on mammals in Ethiopia performed by the Joint Ethio-Russian Biological Expedition. The mammals of the country represent a suitable model for studying the processes of evolution and speciation in the mountainous tropics, as well as ways to adapt to the conditions of the highlands. The results obtained are of particular importance for the development of a number of areas of evolutionary biology, as well as nature conservation and medical biology: exploring mechanisms for the emergence of high biodiversity and endemism; empirical verification of alternative speciation hypotheses; assessment of the role of introgressive hybridization in evolution; study of coevolution of functionally related mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Using the example of the Ethiopian Highlands, the prospects for further studies of the processes of conjugate evolution of small mammals and their specific arena- and hantaviruses in conditions of long-term isolation are demonstrated.
The Role of the U.S. Supreme Court in the Constitutional Interpretation and Law-Making
Authors: Berlyavsky Leonid G.
Published: September 2024

The highest judicial authority in the United States, the Supreme Court, plays a crucial role in interpreting the Constitution and in constitutional lawmaking. A primary reason for this is the extremely succinct formulation of most of the U.S. Constitution's text. Its instrumental nature provides the Supreme Court with ample opportunities to interpret its provisions before applying them to specific legal and factual circumstances. Additionally, the Constitution's text did not address many fundamental issues of constitutional law, which its drafters and the ratifying bodies at the end of the 18th century could not have foreseen.
The Annual Canadian Sociological Association Conference 2023. Research Cluster: Sociology of Housing
Authors: Litvintsev D. B
Published: September 2024

From May 29 to June 2, 2023, the Annual Conference of the Canadian Sociological Association was held at York University in Toronto, where various academic, research, educational, and administrative topics were discussed. The conference was part of the Congress of the Canadian Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences and attracted speakers and attendees from Canada and other countries. Notably, for the first time since 2003, a research cluster focusing on the sociology of housing was presented, which had been initiated within the association at the end of 2021. Participants included scientific and pedagogical professionals, students, practitioners, and independent researchers, who engaged in two sections dedicated to sociological studies of housing and homelessness. Discussions covered a range of topics including chronic homelessness among women, mobile homelessness, the risk of homelessness among youth, attitudes towards the homeless, housing conditions of different social groups, and housing precarity. Special attention was given to state housing policy and the federal 'Housing First' strategy, the outcomes of which are subject to debate. The reports presented by the Sociology of Housing Research Cluster are of great interest to researchers focusing on housing issues in liberal democratic countries, including Canada, and to sociologists interested in developing housing sociology in Russia based on international experiences.
Experimental Investigation of Oil Film Variation in Finite Line Contact Under Intermittent Motion
Authors: Li Haiping , Wang Xinqing , Sun Haoyang , Wang Jing
Published: September 2024

The variation of oil film distribution in the line contact area of pin and disk was experimentally observed during a periodic intermittent motion. The study was conducted on a ball-disk optical interferometric test rig, with motion speed controlled by PLC programming. PAO40 oil was primarily used in the experiment, with the glass disk undergoing periodic motion of constant speed-deceleration-stop-acceleration, while the pin roller remained fixed. The results indicate that when the motion stops, a portion of the oil is entrapped in the center of the contact area. As the acceleration phase begins, this portion of the oil is gradually squeezed out of the contact area, and the oil film with lowest thickness at the entrance of the contact area moves towards the exit of the contact area, passing through the contact center. It can also be observed that during the entire process, an increase in speed increases the film thickness, while an increase in deceleration time, i.e., a decrease in deceleration, reduces the film thickness during the stop phase.
UPAYA PELESTARIAN KEARIFAN LOKAL TRADISI NYAMARU SUKU DAYAK NTUKA SEBAGAI WUJUD CINTA BUDAYA DI MUNGGUK GANIS KECAMATAN NANGA MAHAP KABUPATEN SEKADAU
Authors: Hartini Agnesia , Fusnika Fusnika , Doro Marsianus
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan Upaya Pelestarian Kearifan Lokal di Mungguk Ganis Kecamatan Nanga Mahap Kabupaten Sekadau, untuk mendeskripsikan Tradisi Nyamaru di Mungguk Ganis Kecamatan Nanga Mahap Kabupaten Sekadau, untuk mendeskripsikan wujud cinta Budaya di Mungguk Ganis Kecamatan Nanga Mahap Kabupaten sekadau. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif bentuk penelitian ini adalah deskripsi analisis. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Upaya pelestarian Kearifan Lokal dilaksanakan dengan adanya pelaksanaan Nyamaru di Mungguk Ganis, dengan adanya pealaksanaan tradisi Nyamaru tersebut dan melakukan penyebaran melalui media sosial, maka upaya yang dilakukan sangat efektif. 2) tradisi Nyamaru merupakan adat dan kebiasaan yang harus di pertahankan dan dikembangkan, oleh karena itu tradisi Nyamaru di Mungguk Ganis merupakan gawai atau pesta yang dilaksanakan dengan meriah oleh seluruh masyarakat yang ada, upacara Nyamaru dilaksanakan berdasarkan aturan-aturan adat yang ada sejak dahulu dan dijalankan secara turun-temurun. 3) wijud cinta Budaya adalah bentuk parsisipasi masyarakat dalam menjalankan kearifan likal yang ada, dengan berpartisipasi dan bergotong royong dalam pelaksanaan Nyamaru, masyarakat sepenuhnya menjalankan tugas dan tanggungjawab sebagai warga yang patuh dan paduli terhadap kaerifan lokal yang ada.kata Kunci : Tradisi Nyamaru, Dayak Ntuka, Cinta budaya
POLA ASUH ORANG TUA DALAM MEMBINA KARAKTER REMAJA PEROKOK (STUDI KASUS DI DESA MELANA KECAMATAN SOKAN KABUPATEN MELAWI)
Authors: Juri Juri , Suparno Suparno , Wulandari Maya
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertolak dari keprihatinan peneliti terhadap pergaulan remaja masa kini. Akibat pergaulan yang kurang terkontrol orang tua, akhirnya menyebabkan remaja salah dalam bertindak. Salah satunya adalah dengan mengonsumsi rokok. Harusnya usia remaja dipergunakan untuk menimba berbagi ilmu pengetahuan, baik dengan cara manual maupun bantuan teknologi, bukan malah dihabiskan untuk mengonsumsi rokok. Rokok merupakan ancaman yang cukup serius bagi kalangan remaja. Hal ini dikarenakan di dalam sebatang rokok terdapat beberapa zat adiktif seperti Karbon Dioksida, Nikotin, Tar, Hidrogen sianida, Benzena, Formaldehida, Arsenik, Kadmium dan Amonia. Penelitian ini dipusatkan di Desa Melana Kecamatan Sokan Kabupaten Melawi, dengan permasalahan umum adalah Pola Asuh Orang Tua dalam Membina Karakter Remaja Perokok. Sementara itu, permasalahan khususnya meliputi (1) Bentuk pola asuh orang tua (2) Peran orang tua dalam keluarga (3) Kendala yang dihadapi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Desa melana kasus remaja perokok cukup significan (60%). Peran orang tua tidak hanya memberikan nafkah kepada anaknya, melainkan memberikan pula kasih sayang dan sebagai tempat anak curhat. Kendala yang dihadapi orang tua meliputi suasana sosial yang memberikan peluang cukup besar bagi kalangan remaja untuk merokok, apabila ada orang tua yang melihat (menemukan) remaja merokok, yang bukan anaknya dan bukan pula sanak saudaranya, tidak ditegur. Kata Kunci: Pola Asuh Orang Tua, Remaja dan Rokok
IMPLEMENTASI PANCASILA PADA ERA DAN PASCA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Sari Ratna Tiara , Dewi Dinie Aggraeni
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang implementasi pendidikan Pancasila pada era dan pasca pandemi Covid-19. Fokus penelitian yaitu implementasi Pancasila. Tujuan penelitian ini yakni untuk mengetahui bentuk implementasi apa saja yang bisa diterapkan pada era pandemi maupun pasca pandemi Covud-19. Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode studi literatur. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah jurnal, buku dan media. Dari penelitian ini maka didapatkan hasil yakni inilai-nilai Pancasila merupakan sumberinilaiidan sumber norma moral bagi penyelenggaraan kenegaraan danipelaksanaanihukumidi Indonesia, terutamaidalam masa pandemi Covid-19 iniidan memasuki kehidupan new normal. Dalam kondisi pandemi saatiiniinilai-nilai Pancasilaimemberikan penyadaranilebih terhadap spiritual, menumbuhkan nilai empati, tenggangirasaidanicinta bagi sesamaimanusia, menjadi perekatibagi persatuanibangsa Indonesia, menjadi penyejuk dalam kita bernegara dan bermasyarakat, dan memberikanikeadilanisosial serta kesejahteraan dalam berkehidupan bernegara.Kata kunci: Pancasila, Covid-19, Persatuan
PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN ZONASI DI DESA BALI AGUNG KECAMATAN PALAS LAMPUNG SELATAN
Authors: Hidayati Novitri , Adha Muhammad Mona , Nurmalisa Yunisca
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan persepsi masyarakat desa Bali Agung terhadap kebijakan sistem zonasi sekolah dalam penerimaan peserta didik baru tingkat SMP. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat desa Bali Agung yang memiliki anak kelas VII SMP. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dan analisis data menggunakan rumus interval dan persentase. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada indikator pemahaman masyarakat terhadap kebijakan zonasi dikatakan paham diperoleh sebanyak (47,61%) masyarakat memiliki kepahaman terhadap kebijakan zonasi sebagai aturan baru dalam proses penerimaan peserta didik baru sebagai salah satu upaya dalam pemerataan pendidikan. Tanggapan masyarakat terhadap kebijakan zonasi dikatakan setuju diperoleh sebanyak (42,85%) karena dengan adanya kebijakan masyarakat percaya pemerataan di Indonesia akan tercapai dan juga untuk mepercepat proses pembangunan. Harapan masyarakat terhadap kebijakan zonasi dikatakan setuju diperoleh sebanyak (52,83%) dengan adanya kebijakan zonasi sekolah diharapkan mampu melakukan pembaharuan sebagaimana yang dibutuhkan masyarakat. Kata Kunci: persepsi masyarakat, kebijakan zonasi
NILAI – NILAI PANCASILA DALAM KEHIDUPAN RAKYAT INDONESIA
Authors: Hanifah Nida , Dewi Dinie Anggraeni
Published: September 2024

Dengan semakin banyaknya masyarakat Indonesia yang melakukan penyimpangan terhadap nilai-nilai Pancasila, baik itu penyimpangan dalam kategori kecil maupun besar. Maka akan sulit bagi bangsa Indonesia untuk mencapai cita-citanya. Akan sulit untuk negara kita dapat menjadi negara yang maju dan dapat bersaing dengan negara-negara maju lainnya dalam segala aspek. Pancasila dibuat bukan hanya sebagai ciri dari sebuah negara Indonesia saja. Namun Pancasila dibuat untuk dapat diterapkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat Indonesia. Pancasila dibuat untuk membentuk karakter masyarakat Indonesia agar menjadi masyarakat yang memiliki ketakwaan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, masyarakat yang memiliki jiwa sosial tinggi, masyarakat yang selalu menjunjung tinggi kedilan dan masyarakat yang selalu menjaga kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Maka dari itu sudah sepatutnya seluruh masyarakat Indonesia selalu bekerja sama untuk memajukan bangsa Indonesia. Salah satu caranya yaitu dengan menerapkan nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.Kata Kunci : Pancasila, Penerapan, Kehidupan Masyarakat,
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MONOPOLITAR PADA PEMBELAJARAN PPKN KELAS V DI SDN 2 PARANGTRITIS
Authors: Pratomo Wachid , Nadziroh Nadziroh , Chairiyah Chairiyah , Noventamala Ceriza Etsa
Published: September 2024

The aims of this study were (1) to describe the product development in the form of monopoly learning media for Civics learning class V at SDN 2 Parangtritis, and (2) to describe the feasibility response of monopoly learning media for PPKn class V at SDN 2 Parangtritis. The method used is the research and development method (Research & Development or RnD) which consists of 5 stages, namely: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. For this research sample, the researcher took 6 class V students. Data collection techniques using observation, semi-structured interviews, questionnaires and documentation. The validation of monopoly learning media is given to two validators, namely material experts and media experts to determine the validity of the product being developed. Student response questionnaires were given to students to determine the quality of monopolistic learning media. Data were analyzed using quantitative analysis techniques. The results of this study are monopoly learning media in fifth grade PPKn learning on the application of the Pancasila precepts in everyday life. Monopolistic learning media obtains a feasibility percentage of 96% with very feasible criteria, while media experts obtain a feasibility percentage of 93% with very feasible criteria. Student responses from limited trials obtained a percentage of 94% with very decent criteria. So it can be concluded that monopoly learning media in class V Civics learning is very suitable to be used as a learning medium.Keywords: Learning Media, Monopoly, PPKn
ENTITAS KERIFAN TRADISI LOKAL HOPONG PADA MAKNA SIMBOL RITUAL DALAM MEMPERKUAT CINTA BUDAYA MASYARAKAT DAYAK UUD DANUM DI DESA PANEKASAN KECAMATAN SERAWAI
Authors: Fusnika Fusnika , Hartini Agnesia , Gilang Aldisius
Published: September 2024

The background of this research problem is regarding the processes in the hopong tradition and the values contained in the hopong. The traditional hopong ceremony is believed by the community as an ancestral heritage that has meaning, certain values and functions. This research was conducted in Panekasan Village, Serawai District, Sintang District. The purpose of this research is to describe clearly the local hopong traditional entity in the meaning of ritual symbols to strengthen cultural love for the Dayak Uud Danum community in Panekasan Village, Serawai District. The method used is ethnographic qualitative research. The results of this study are that the local hopong tradition entity in the Uud Danum Dayak community is a tradition that is still often carried out by the community. The values contained in the hopong tradition include social values, entertainment values, moral values, aesthetic values, and belief or religious values. The conclusion in this study is that the culture of hopong is a culture inherited from the ancestors of the Dayak Uud Danum tribe and can strengthen love for culture and preserve the customs of hopong in Panekesan Village, Serawai District. Keywords: Entities, Hopong local traditions, Ritual Symbols, Love Culture, Dayak UUD Danum
URGENSI PENANGGULANGAN SAMPAH DENGAN ANALISIS SIKAP APATIS MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN DI KOTA SINTANG
Authors: Purnomo Sapto , Ananda Agnes Sophia , Anjeli Krisfina
Published: September 2024

This research aims to explore the urgency of dealing with waste in Sintang City with a focus on analyzing community apathy towards environmental health. Waste is a serious problem that threatens environmental sustainability, public health and the ecosystem as a whole. Community apathy towards the waste problem can be a major obstacle in mitigation efforts. This research method uses a qualitative and quantitative approach, involving surveys, interviews and data analysis. Respondents were taken from various levels of society in Sintang City. Analysis of people's apathy towards waste was carried out to identify factors that influence ignorance towards environmental health.The research results show that the majority of people in Sintang City have a high level of apathy towards the waste problem. Factors such as a lack of understanding of environmental health impacts, a lack of awareness of personal responsibility, and uncertainty regarding waste management are the main causes of apathy. In this context, education and outreach programs need to be improved to increase public understanding of the urgency of dealing with waste and its impact on environmental health. This research makes an important contribution in making interested parties, including the government and non-governmental organizations, aware of the urgency of handling the waste problem in Sintang City. Joint efforts from various parties are needed to change apathy into awareness and real action in maintaining environmental health. Keyword : apathy, environmental health
Czy można uśmiercić pacjenta z powodu niskiej jakości życia? Uwagi na tle orzecznictwa Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka
Authors: Roszkiewicz Janusz
Published: September 2024

The subject of the article is the issue of legal protection of the life of patients in a state of minimal consciousness, in a vegetative state or other form of serious health condition. The analyses the problem from the point of view of three high-profile court cases involving the termination of treatment of Vincent Lambert, Charlie Gard and Alfie Evans.
Czy argument historyczny może pomóc w trudnych przypadkach dzisiejszego prawa prywatnego?
Authors: Dajczak Wojciech
Published: September 2024

The use of historical arguments in legal reasoning today is relatively rare and often superficial. The aim of the paper is to clarify whether the situation can be changed and whether this would be useful for the interpretation of codified private law. In the author's view, a change in this direction will be possible and justified when historical arguments are made available in a way that is clearly linked to issues of contemporary practice and is addressed to lawyers who believe in the existence of objective premises of rationality in law and are open to including historical arguments into topical reasoning in order to support a solution that he or she considers legitimate. The author believes that the best way for making historical arguments available for such a purpose is a historical commentary on the Civil Code. The article presents a conception for such a commentary.