bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nrf2 through Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Regulates IL-22 Response in CD4+ T Cells
Authors: Lin Xun , Tawch Suzanne , Wong Hoi Tong , Roy Suyasha , Gaudino Stephen , Castillo Patricia , Elsegeiny Waleed , Wakabayashi Nobunao , Oury Tim D. , Pociask Derek , Chen Kong , McLinskey Nancy , Melville Patricia , Syritsyna Olga , Coyle Patricia , Good Misty , Awasthi Amit , Kolls Jay K. , Kumar Pawan
Published: March 2021

IL-17A and IL-22 derived from Th17 cells play a significant role in mucosal immunity and inflammation. TGF-β and IL-6 promote Th17 differentiation; however, these cytokines have multiple targets. The identification and screening of additional molecules that regulate IL-17A and IL-22 responses in certain inflammatory conditions is of great clinical significance. In this study, we show that CDDO-Im, a specific Nrf2 activator, promotes IL-17A and IL-22 responses in murine Th17 cells. In contrast, CDDO-Im inhibits IL-17A response in multiple sclerosis patient-derived PBMCs. However, Nrf2 specifically regulates IL-22 response in vivo. Nrf2 acts through the regulation of antioxidant response element (ARE) binding motifs in target genes to induce or repress transcription. Promoter analysis revealed that Il17a, Rorc, and Ahr genes have several ARE motifs. We showed that Nrf2 bound to ARE repressor (ARE-R2) of Rorc and inhibited Rorc-dependent IL-17A transactivation. The luciferase reporter assay data showed that CDDO-Im regulated Ahr promoter activity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative PCR data showed that Nrf2 bound to ARE of AhR. Finally, we confirmed that the CDDO-Im–mediated induction of IL-22 production in CD4+ T cells was abrogated in CD4-specific Ahr knockout mice (AhrCD4). CH-223191, a specific AhR antagonist, inhibits CDDO-Im–induced IL-22 production in CD4+ T cells, which further confirmed the AhR-dependent regulation. Collectively, our data showed that Nrf2 via AhR pathways regulated IL-22 response in CD4+ T cells.
Reflexiones sobre la aplicación de la Matemática Humana de Hersh en la enseñanza superior latinoamericana.
Authors: Angulo Calderón César Augusto , Arbañil Rivadeneira Rubén Orlando , Huamán Gutiérrez Zoraida Judith , Rubio Gallarday Marco Antonio
Published: March 2021

La filosofía matemática cuasi-empirista de Reuben Hersh forma parte de la solución encontrada por los filósofos sobre los fundamentos de la matemática; en especial, este pensador propone la que denominó Matemática Humana, donde se entiende que la matemática forma parte de una construcción social y es en este ámbito donde se desarrolla esta ciencia. La matemática para él es equiparable con el catolicismo o la Quinta Sinfonía de Beethoven. Son categorías que no son físicas palpables, tampoco subjetivas y personales, en definitiva, es una creación social, la matemática forma parte del colectivo histórico humano. Este artículo propone reflexionar acerca de las ideas de la Matemática Humana y la importancia de su aplicación en la enseñanza superior latinoamericana.
Línea de base de la responsabilidad social en una universidad pública: eje de participación social.
Authors: Yampufé Cornetero José Manuel , Antezana Alzamora Sonia , Najarro Vargas Justina , Oriondo Gates Rosa Lorenza
Published: March 2021

La investigación tiene como objetivo elaborar una base autodiagnóstico en la comunidad universitaria de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos sobre responsabilidad social, que permita establecer criterios de priorización para el diseño de futuros planes. Entre los principales resultados obtenidos destacan la aplicación de un instrumento cualitativo a los grupos focales de percepción a los actores de la comunidad universitaria y, un segundo instrumento, que emplea un cuestionario que, por la naturaleza o carácter cuantitativo del análisis, aporta robustez al estudio realizado.
Evaluación del uso y cobertura del suelo en la cuenca río Chico.
Authors: Mendoza Poggi María Luisa , Giler Ormaza Andy Miguel , Aguilar Porro Cristina , Pimentel Leiva Rafael
Published: March 2021

El presente estudio evalúa las diferencias en estimación de cambios en el uso y cobertura del suelo entre productos de la ESA-CCILC y Landsat. La clasificación digital mediante análisis multiespectral es aplicada a imágenes Landsat 5 TM, y Landsat 8 OLI, obteniéndose los mapas de uso y cobertura del suelo. Cómo método de comparación, se evalúa las diferencias con los mapas de cobertura proporcionados por ESA-CCILC y los obtenidos con imágenes Landsat, y su asociación con la generación de escorrentía en la cuenca. Los resultados en los cambios de uso y cobertura suelo divergen entre las fuentes analizadas, por lo cual resulta importante utilizar fuentes de datos con buena resolución espacial para lograr discriminar dichos cambios.
Bioinformatics in Microbial Biotechnology: A Genomics and Proteomics Perspective
Authors: Rana Shashank , P Preeti , Singh Vartika , Bhardwaj Nikunj
Published: March 2021

Biological data is a new era with new growth in numerical and memory retention capacity, many microbial and eukaryotic genomes encapsulate the human genome's pure structure, followed by raising the prospect of higher viral control. The goal is as high as the development of drug development based on the study of the structures and functions of target molecules (rational drug) and antimicrobial agents, the growth is simple to manage drugs, protein biomarkers that develop different bacterial infections and healthier considerate of protein(host)-protein(bacteria) interactions to avert bacterial disease. In addition to many bioinformatics processes and cross-reference, databases have made easy the understanding of these goals. The current study is divided into (I) genomics - sequencing and gene-related studies to determine the genetic function and genetic engineering, (II) proteomics - classification of associated properties of protein and rebuilding of the metabolic and regulatory pathway, (III) growth of drug and antimicrobial agents' application. Our center of attention on genomics and proteomics strategies and their restrictions in the current chapter. Bioinformatics study can be grouped under several main criteria: (1) research-based on existing wet-lab testing data, (2) new data obtained from the use of mathematical modelling and (3) an incorporated method that combines exploration procedure with a mathematical model. The main implications of bioinformatics examined area have automated genetic sequence, robotic expansion of integrated data of genomics and proteomics, computer-assisted comparison to find genome utility, the automatic origin of a metabolic pathway, gene expression analysis which was derived from the regulatory pathway, clustering techniques and strategies of data mining to identify the interaction of protein-protein and protein-DNA and silico modelling of three-dimensional protein arrangement and docking between proteins and biological chemicals for rational drug design, investigation of differences among infectious and non-infectious species to recognise genes drugs and antimicrobial agents and all genome comparisons to be aware of the development of microorganisms. Advanced bioinformatics has the potential to help (i) cause disease detection, (ii) develop new drugs and (iii) improve cost-effective bioremediation agents. Recent research is a part of the lack of genetic functionality found in wet laboratories information, the absence of computer algorithms to test large amounts of information on unidentified function and the continuous discovery of protein-to-protein, protein-to-DNA and Protein to RNA interaction.
Themes of Identity: An Auto-Ethnographical Exploration
Authors: Jaya Peruvemba
Published: March 2021

The study is focused on understanding identity construction through combining my own experience with the theoretical underpinnings of postcolonial theory, social identity theory and through the examination of two films. The central question that I am interested in is understanding the identity construction and formation process especially as it relates to individuals who have crossed borders and immigrated or moved to countries other than their home countries. The methodology I am employing is auto-ethnography; I am integrating this by using two films as sites of inquiry. Through this introspective, reflection combined with the theoretical framework of identity I uncover themes of identity. These themes include nation, foreignness, community, and home.
Support Network Responses to Acquired Brain Injury
Authors: Chleboun Steffany , Hux Karen
Published: March 2021

Acquired brain injury (ABI) affects social relationships; however, the ways social and support networks change and evolve as a result of brain injury is not well understood. This study explored ways in which survivors of ABI and members of their support networks perceive relationship changes as recovery extends into the long-term stage. Two survivors of ABI and members of their respective support networks participated in this case study integrating information from interviews, field notes, and artifacts. Inductive data analysis revealed themes of adjustment to impairments and compensations, connection changes with other people, feelings of protectiveness toward the survivor, emotional intensity, and the influence of personality traits on the recovery process. Application of these themes to intervention suggests health care professionals might benefit from shifting their focus from the survivor alone to the survivor functioning within a social support network.
Consistency and Change in Participatory Action Research: Reflections on a Focus Group Study about How Farmers Learn
Authors: Piercy Fred , Franz Nancy , Donaldson Joseph , Richard Robert
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this paper is to reflect on our efforts to balance consistency in our multi-year participatory action research study with the need to adapt our research protocol to what we are learning along the way. While both are important, we share several examples of how our flexibility and openness to adapt our protocol to our research findings has lead to methodological refinements and serendipitous learnings. We discuss implications for both agricultural education and research.
Insights into Attempts at Using Action Research in a Collaborative Work in a Policy Review Exercise in Botswana
Authors: Koosimile Anthony
Published: March 2021

In this paper I embrace the thinking that writing on one's experiences in the use of qualitative educational research strategies and principles could potentially contribute to furthering knowledge in the field. In adopting an action research framework to guide collaborative work in a policy review exercise in Botswana, I found that collaborative work is itself a challenge. Similarly, given the political nature of policy formulation, significant effort and attention is required to facilitate broader reflection and debate on the adoption and use of qualitative research strategies in policy matters in Botswana. Generally my experience suggests that the strictures of underlying political life could be a powerful framework that profoundly shapes and constrains the perspectives and choices in policy review. I conclude with some statements concerning some lessons learnt during the policy review exercise.
Exploring Iranian Women's Perceptions Regarding Control and Prevention of Breast Cancer
Authors: Thomas Eileen , Escandón Socorro , Lamyian Minoor , Ahmadi Fazlolah , Setoode Sam , Golkho Shokoofe
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to explore Iranian women's perceptions, behaviors, and beliefs related to breast cancer screening, breast cancer, and follow up care. A qualitative descriptive inquiry with both individual and focus group interviews was conducted in Tehran with 31 Farsi-speaking women, age 35 to 65 years of age. A constant comparison method of analysis assisted the researchers in gaining an understanding of factors that influence Iranian women's perceptions regarding the control and prevention of breast cancer. Findings suggest that insufficient knowledge regarding breast cancer and breast cancer screening is a significant factor among this population. Breast cancer programs are needed in Iran that address women's religious beliefs and spiritual needs.
Promise and Possibility for Aspiring Principals: An Emerging Leadership Identity through Learning to Do Action Research
Authors: Batagiannis Stella
Published: March 2021

This case study explored the promise and possibility of doing action research both for aspiring principals engaged in such research and for professors using it as pedagogy for teaching educational leadership. The study of a class of graduate students aspiring to be principals had a constructivist theoretical framework. The research design consisted of three tiers: tier one: a reflective self-study by the professor evaluating the pedagogy of developing action research team projects; tier two: an analysis of the self-evaluations of the aspiring principals on the pedagogy of developing action research team projects and its effect on their learning; and tier three: the perceived deep learning resulting from the action research topics. The study concluded that for aspiring principals, learning to do action research in teams has the potential for powerful impact on emerging leadership identity; on the focus on deep issues and first steps in transformational leadership; and on individual and mutual reflection and the development of professional learning communities. For university professors, action research melds theory and practice and is effective pedagogy for teaching leadership.
Mind the Gap: Unexpected Pitfalls in Doing Classroom Research
Authors: Baker Amanda , Lee Joseph
Published: March 2021

Inherent in classroom research are the inevitable, and often unanticipated, challenges experienced by researchers. This article moves beyond the main issues highlighted in the literature and identifies some of the problems the authors encountered when conducting two common methodological procedures, classroom observations and stimulated recall interviews (SRIs), as part of our dissertation research investigations. The paper first surveys what the literature describes as the main areas of concern with these two procedures. It then pulls away from these resources to explore actual difficulties we experienced that we believe are inadequately addressed in the literature. Using illustrations from our dissertation projects, we examined several recurring challenges we faced, including participant discomfort with specific types of SRI questions and different forms of participant-researcher interaction during non-participatory classroom observations. For each of these problems, we provide a series of recommendations for researchers who plan to use similar methodological protocols in classroom research.
A Review of Qualitative Research in Counseling and Psychotherapy
Authors: Ozaki Nozomu
Published: March 2021

In reviewing Qualitative Research in Counseling and Psychotherapy (McLeod, 2011), I encountered with this text a backdrop of a grand tour question, "How well has the author contextualized qualitative inquiry in the realm of counseling and psychotherapy theory and practice?" I found McLeod (2011) constantly embedding qualitative methodology and plethora of methods into counseling and psychotherapy field by pointing out the relationship between research and practice of counseling and psychotherapy and giving detailed account on philosophical foundations and actual practice of qualitative methods while zigzagging among multiple levels of contexts. At the same time, McLeod maintained his pluralistic position on methodologies and methods by critically examining multiple forms of knowing and positioning toward production of knowledge.
Conversing Life: An Autoethnographic Construction
Authors: Hoelson Christopher , Burton Rod
Published: March 2021

This autoethnography is a constructed account of a co-exploration into the nature and effects of a longitudinal dyadic conversation process from a relational constructionist perspective. The conversations, between me as participant autoethnographer and a co-participant, aimed at maximising personal learning for both. Through co-created contexts of mutual engagement and respectful presence, we were able to focus our learning on the spontaneous process and content of the conversations. The qualitative data were sampled purposively from diary entries summarizing the conversations which spanned a period of five years. The data were analysed into themes and together, with selected illustrative examples of significant conversational moments, were woven into an autoethnography that attempts to convey the embodied and systemic learning that emerged from these conversations.
Психологический мониторинг субъектно-личностных качеств
студентов технического Вуза на начальном этапе обучения
Authors: Евстифеева Е.А. , Филиппченкова С.И. , Мартюшов В.Ф. , Балакшина Е.В.
Published: March 2021

Описываются результаты психологического мониторинга субъектно-личностных

качеств студентов технических и гуманитарных специальностей на начальном этапе обучения. Приводятся основные задачи психологической службы вуза, закрепленные программой Центра психологической поддержки (ЦПП). Указываются особенности деятельности педагогов-психологов по организации психодиагностического исследования студенческого и профессорско-преподавательского состава. Описываются методы и методики обследования респондентов, обсуждаются полученные данные, формируются выводы
Модель развития личности выпускника
технического вуза в условиях дистанционного обучения
Authors: Бугакова Н.Ю.
Published: March 2021

Анализируется проблема перехода студентов на дистанционную форму обучения в техническом вузе в соответствии с внутриуниверситетскими требованиями
Конструирование комплексного диагностического
инструмента как педагогическая технология
Authors: Стецкая А.Н.
Published: March 2021

Описывается педагогическая технология - конструирование комплексного диагностического инструмента, при помощи которой выявляется уровень дизайнерских умений у детей дошкольного возраста
PENGARUH MEETING PAGI DAN SORE TERHADAP TINGKAT EFEKTIFITAS PEKERJA PADA PROYEK TRANS PARK BINTARO
Authors: Abadiyah Siti , Karyo Karyo
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini berjudul “Pengaruh Meeting Pagi Dan Sore Terhadap Tingkat Efektivitas Pekerja Pada Proyek Trans Park Bintaro”. Adapun penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi seberapa pengaruhnya Meeting Pagi Dan Sore Terhadap Tingkat Efektivitas Pekerja. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PT. Adhi Persada Gedung atau lebih spesifiknya di jalan Rasuna Said, Bintaro Sektor 9, Tangerang Selatan, Banten. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini digunakan sebanyak 40 responden, teknik pengumpulan datanya adalah dengan melalui kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada responden, dan adapun variabel penelitian adalah Meeting Pagi (X1), Meeting Sore (X2), Efektivitas Pekerja (Y). Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, dan untuk menguji tingkat reliabilitasnya dengan menggunakan Cronbach Alpha dan kemudian data diolah dengan Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda. Pengujian Hipotesis menggunakan Uji F dan Uji t dengan taraf signifikansi 10%. Peneliti menggunakan alat bantu SPSS Versi 25. Dari hasil analisi regresi linier berganda menunjukkan bahwa Efektivitas Pekerja dipengaruhi oleh variabel Meeting Pagi dan variabel Meeting Sore. Hasil determinasi (R2) menggunakan nilai adjusted r square, karena menggunakan regresi dengan lebih satu variabel terikat, yaitu sebesar 0,657, yang artinya variabel Meeting Pagi dan variabel Meeting Sore kerja mampu menjelaskan Efektivitas Pekerja  65,7% sementara sisanya 34,3% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti. Dari hasil perhitungan uji F dan uji t dapat dilihat bahwa variabel Meeting Pagi dan variabel Meeting Sore secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap Efektivitas Pekerja.
CORRESPONSABILIDAD CIUDADANA SOBRE EL MANEJO DE RESIDUOS SÓLIDOS EN LA CIUDAD DE JIPIJAPA
Authors: Choez Bastidas Víctor Alfonso , Menéndez González Pamela Mercedes , Veliz Cedeño Eduardo David , Lucio Villacreses Luis Fernando
Published: March 2021

El manejo integral de los desechos sólidos, se entiende como un sistema que incluye la adecuada, recolección, selección, transporte, disposición final y aprovechamiento de los residuos de una comunidad. El encontrar desechos de diferentes materiales como plásticos, desperdicio de comida, entre otros, los podemos observar tirados en las calles de la ciudad mientras transitamos. Por esto, en el presente artículo se analiza la relación que existe entre la corresponsabilidad ciudadana y los residuos sólidos en la ciudad de Jipijapa. En el estudio participaron 360 personas de la ciudad de Jipijapa, con un margen de error de 5,2 %. Se utilizaron materiales como formularios de Google drive con la finalidad de llegar a la mayor cantidad de habitantes, métodos como el analítico, cuantitativo y el hipotético-deductivo. Los resultados mostraron que un 65% de los participantes aplican varias técnicas de disposición final para los residuos como el reciclaje para los residuos sólidos inorgánicos, y para los sólidos orgánicos: el alimento de sus mascotas 44% o el engorde de chancho 22%. Además, se constató que para que las generaciones futuras no se vean afectadas la responsabilidad que tenemos como ciudadanos con los desechos sólidos es fundamental para el cambio y la solución de este problema, por ejemplo, no botar toda la basura junta, o llevar desechos a centros de reciclaje para su posterior reutilización son medidas para lograrlo.
METODOLOGÍA PARA LA REUTILIZACIÓN DE LA BASURA TECNOLÓGICA EN LA ASIGNATURA DE ARQUITECTURA DE COMPUTADORAS
Authors: Mar Cornelio Omar , Bron Fonseca Bárbara , Rodríguez Marzo Fernando
Published: March 2021

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are incorporated into everyday processes in people's practical lives. Man's demands for technology are increasing, significantly reducing the time of use of the media, causing the phenomenon known as technological obsolescence. The problems described above directly impact the environment through garbage dumps, the escape of particles into the seas, among other effects. In Cuba, numerous efforts are being made to reduce the impact on the ecology for which a recycling program has been drawn up through the Raw Materials Company. However, there are components that, due to their nature of construction or composition, are not possible to recycle with the tools that the country currently has. This research describes a solution to the problem posed by creating a methodological proposal aimed at technological reuse. The field of action is the Computer Architecture subject taught in the Computer Science Engineering career, a set of activities is proposed for distribution in the subject contents.
Impostor Phenomenon in Dental Students
Authors: Daniels Juliette C.
Published: March 2021

Impostor phenomenon (IP) is the individual experience of extreme self-doubt in which a person attributes successes and accomplishments to external factors rather than his or her own talent, capabilities, or effort (Clance & Imes, 1978). For students, IP can cause significant and persistent interference in academic and professional experience (Clance, 1985b; Cromwell, Brown, Sanchez-Huceles, & Adair, 1990; Henning, Ey, & Shaw, 1998; Li, Hughes, & Thu, 2014; McGregor, Gee, & Posey, 2008; Oriel, Plane, & Mundt, 2004; Thompson, Davis, & Davidson, 1998). To date, there is limited research on IP in the dental student population, with no known research specifically on the extent to which dental students suffer from impostor feelings. Using the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (Clance, 1985a), this study measured the level of reported impostor feelings in a sample of dental students at a dental school located at a small private university in the Midwestern United States. Relationships between gender, class year, race or ethnic identity, first-generation (in dentistry) status, and reported levels of IP were explored. In this study, a majority (58.3%) of the dental students in the sample exhibited levels of IP above the clinical threshold, demonstrating the significant impact of impostor feelings on their academic, professional, and personal lives. Statistically significant differences in CIPS scores were found when evaluating differences between race or ethnic groups (those identifying as Hispanic, Latino, or Latina versus those not identifying that way) and when comparing scores for URM and non-URM students. The study fills a gap in the existing body of knowledge regarding the prevalence of IP in the dental student population. For researchers, educators, and administrators in dental education, this study establishes a benchmark for measuring the incidence of IP, paving the way for a more comprehensive understanding of how to effectively and holistically educate students in dentistry.
Personal Digital Information Management Practices of Engineering Faculty: Finding, Organizing, and Re-finding Information
Authors: Yasmin Shazia , Warraich Nosheen Fatima , Ali Irfan
Published: March 2021

This study aims to investigate the personal digital information practices of engineering faculty members in terms of finding, organizing, keeping, and re-finding information. Quantitative research design based on survey method was used to collect data through structured questionnaire. Simple random sampling technique was applied to get response from engineering faculty members. They perceived that their information gathering and finding skills were good and they coped well with gathered information of their interest. Findings revealed that faculty members classified and sorted gathered information to re-find it latter. They also kept information that had potential to be useful in future. Respondents used different ways to re-find their saved information including keywords search, browse through folder structure, access through bookmark, and use of memory. It is noted that browsing information through folder names, and bookmarks were also a common practice among engineering faculty. Findings also revealed that there was statistically significant difference between male and female faculty members’ PIM practices. Faculty members perceived that they were skillful in finding information while they were less-proficient in organizing and re-finding information. Thus, they also have to face different types of challenges such as technology obsolescence, assessing future value of information, information fragmentation and memory load in remembering the location of information. The findings of engineering faculty members’ PIM practices have significant implications for faculty themselves, educational technologist, digital library developers, and educational policy makers.
Impacts of Wire Basket Retention and Removal on Fraxinus americana ‘Autumn Purple’ Growth Nine Years After Transplanting
Authors: Klein Ryan , Hauer Richard , Koeser Andrew , Bleicher Bob
Published: March 2021

The topic of wire basket removal during planting remains an area of contention among nursery growers, landscapers, and arborists who work with balled-and-burlapped planting material. Those in favor of removal fear that the burlap and wire surrounding a tree’s root ball will impede root regrowth and eventually lead to the girdling of any roots that do penetrate into the surrounding soil. Those opposed to removal believe the advantages to tree and root system stability during transplanting and establishment outweigh any negatives to leaving the root ball intact. In 2008, 45 Fraxinus Americana ‘Autumn Purple’ were randomly assigned one of three transplanting treatments: 1) transplanted by tree spade without burlap/wire; 2) transplanted as balled-and-burlapped with only burlap and string removed; or 3) transplanted as balled-and-burlapped with all packaging materials (i.e., string, burlap, wire basket) removed. All trees survived regardless of treatment. In addition to survival, trunk diameter and tree height were measured annually for nine years. Marginal differences were noted for the two growth responses over the course of the trial (min P-value = 0.0599).
A Comparison of Indirect Watering Devices for Benefiting Newly Transplanted Urban Trees
Authors: Hossain Shaik , Stuhlinger H. Christoph , Olson Matthew , Babst Benjamin
Published: March 2021

Three types of indirect watering devices were compared to evaluate their performance and to determine their benefits to newly transplanted river birch (Betula nigra) trees grown in containers with well drained compost in a controlled greenhouse experiment. Two examples of each device type were used to water trees in this study: upright bags, ring bags, and open tubs. Watering device characteristics, including purchase cost, weight, capacity, and drainage times, were measured prior to installing the devices around the trees. Tree stem heights and calipers, along with leaf coverage and leaf water potential, were measured to determine any growth or water stress differences associated with watering treatments. There was substantial variation in costs and drainage times among watering devices, with ring bags being the least expensive and draining water completely during the drainage test. However, there was no evidence that watering devices benefited tree growth, leaf rating, or water stress in comparison with direct watering, with the possible exception of Treegator ring bags, which may have reduced water stress marginally. Although water release from some of the indirect watering devices was much slower than direct watering, water release from all of the devices was completed within ten hours, which is too rapid to reduce the frequency of watering in our experiment. The major benefits of these devices are slower release of water to the soil, with reduced operator time required, and more infiltration into the soil and root zone, which avoids the surface runoff caused by quick hose (direct) watering.
Optical, Acoustical, and Fine Root Analyses of Emerald Ash Borer Infested Ash Trees
Authors: Persad Anand , Dahle Gregory , DeVallance David , Rocha Oscar , Grabosky Jason
Published: March 2021

This study on investigating change in the material properties of ash trees after infestation by emerald ash borer (EAB) (Agrilus planipennis) occurred at two locations in northeast Ohio in the summer of 2013. The trees at either site were divided into three groups based on % canopy lost from EAB (group I = 0 to 5%, group II = 6 to 25%, and group III = greater than 40%). A digital image correlation (DIC) system was used to evaluate and compare strain (tissue deformation) on ash branches that were (static) loaded to failure. Stress wave transmission times (Tm) of sound waves through stem wood and fine roots and root balls of the ash trees also were assessed. The DIC evaluations revealed that branches of ash trees that were in groups II and III exhibited significantly lower strain after static loading compared to that observed for trees in group I. Analysis of stress wave Tm revealed that group III trees had significantly higher Tm times compared to the other two groups. Fine root necrosis was significantly higher in group III trees and lowest in group I trees. Extracted root balls from group III trees had significantly higher percentage decay compared to that observed from trees in groups I and II. These data provide fundamental insight into the material properties of ash trees after infestation by EAB and can contribute to arboricultural guidelines for ash tree preservation and help develop safety protocols to address structural loss in trees after EAB infestation.
Evaluation of Standardized Extract of Centella Asiatica on Cell Viability and Repressive Cancer Migration in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Cells in Vitro
Authors: MANMUAN Suwisit , MANMUAN Ponwit , YOYKAEW Punyo , THUETONG Piyachat , ASIPONG Patchraporn , RIANTONG Nattanicha , TANTISIRA Mayuree H.
Published: March 2021

Centella Asiatica has been traditionally used as herbal medicine to treat various disorders, such as ulcers and psoriatic disease. ECa233 is an herbal extract of Centella Asiatica containing madecassoside (46.3 %) and asiaticoside (41.6 %) that shows a highly acceptable safety profile appropriate for drug development and use as an herbal drug for humans. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a chemotherapeutic agent generally known as the first-line chemotherapy for colorectal cancer. Representative combined chemotherapy with 5-FU, namely the FOLFOX regimen (5-FU, leucovorin, oxaliplatin), has been widely used in hospitals and is typically selected as a chemotherapeutic regimen in prescriptions. However, the unresolved problems appearing in clinical situations are the refusal to accept the chemotherapy leading to drug resistance and the severe side effects after being administered intravenously to the entire body. Therefore, the discovery of a novel pure standard agent to enhance the efficacy of 5-FU and overcome this drug resistance still needs to be explored. To assess the pharmacological activity and safety profile of ECa233 is a major goal in cancer drug discovery. ECa233 was evaluated for its anti-cancer, anti-migration, anti-invasive activities and was explored regarding the safety data on normal cells. The results demonstrated that ECa233 effectively inhibited the cell viability, colony forming, and truly inactivated cell migration/invasion through repressive the MMP-9 invasive factor. Pharmacological interaction with 5-FU was synergism in cancer cells and highly safe to normal cell growth. The results suggest that ECa233 could be used as a combinative drug therapy with standard chemotherapy treatment and other medicinal drugs such as a targeted therapy to treat colorectal cancer patients.
Talent Acquisition and Management in Technology Education
Authors: James Dr Mousumi Bhattacharjee
Published: March 2021

At the global platform all organizational establishments, be it the corporate or institutional are experiencing constant change to develop and emerge to be better with each passing fragment of time. The stipulated settings for most organizations presently are globally interconnected, extremely competitive, fast changing and can be anticipated to remain so for a couple of decades to come. This is easier said than done, as Talent acquisition which encompasses the entire process of hiring, sourcing candidates to an ongoing strategy to find specialists, leaders, or future executives for your company, is an extremely tough job. Not only, selecting the best suited recruit as per organizational need, or retaining the talent acquired was imperative, but consistently developing them for their personal and organizational gains could result in extremely well-designed organizational outcomes and even better retention of the skilled human resource. The intense developmental activities carried out at the HRM platform is most commonly responsible for the emotional commitment and multidimensional involvement of the employee in bringing about the positive and consistent growth satisfying the organisational or academic institutional demand, to enable them to survive in the present competitive scenario. Let us not forget that academic institutions also are moving towards corporate like organizational management or else they will not be able to meet survival goals. The ones who are not proactive fail to withstand the storm of competition. To establish such a platform consistent research about, techniques of selection, compensation packages and afterwards retaining and developing the right talent is the toughest challenge faced by any organization. Here in this discussion as we will focus on talent acquisition in technological institutions, we can restrict our expanse and discuss within the limitations of academic technical institutions or the colleges producing engineers of various streams.
Perspectives for German-Polish Relations in the EU-27
Authors: Schweiger Christian
Published: March 2021

In recent years the seemingly firm historical ties between Warsaw and Berlin have become increasingly strained. This results from a growing political asymmetry between the two countries. Germany moved into a semi-hegemonial position under the conditions of the triple crisis of banking, economy and sovereign debt in the eurozone. Consequently, German chancellor Angela Merkel was in a strong enough position to implement ordoliberal reforms of the eurozone’s governance architecture, which were promoted as an approach without alternatives. Merkel maintained her uncompromising stance during the migration crisis in the summer of 2015, when she demanded implementation of compulsory migrant distribution quotas across the EU. Poland and the Visegrád countries had initially strongly supported German leadership in resolving the eurozone crisis. The alienation from Germany’s European agenda however became significant under the conditions of the migration crisis. Here the firm opposition of Poland and the rest of the Visegrád Group towards Germany’s preferences shows a strategic mismatch between the EU’s liberal core, which is spearheaded by Germany, and the concept of the “illiberal” state, which Poland has embraced under the PiS government. The willingness to resolve these differences will be crucial in determining the future shape of Polish-German relations.
EKSISTENSI DAN AKTUALISASI DIRI MANUSIA SEBAGAI IDE PENCIPTAAN SENI LUKIS
Authors: Kumara Wisnu Aji
Published: March 2021

Penulisan tugas akhir karya seni ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tema, teknik visualisasi dan bentuk lukisan yang berjudul Wayang Beber sebagai inspirasi penciptaan lukisan bertema cerita rakyat Jawa.Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan dan penciptaan karya seni lukis ini adalah observasi langsung di Pacitan dan studi langsung ke seniman wayang beber, improvisasi dengan cara membuat sketsa-sketsa dari figur-figur/tokoh wayang serta ornament pada background dan visualisasi dengan cara menerapkan teknik sungging pada penciptaan lukisan wayang beber cerita rakyat jawa. Visualisasi lukisan wayang beber ini menggunakan teknik sungging,  media cat akrilik pada kanvas. Proses penciptaan karya seni lukis tersebut menghasilkan 9 buah bentuk lukisan dekoratif ilustratif yang berisi cerita rakyat jawa dengan figur-figur sesuai dengan narasi, dengan berbagai ukuran yang berbeda yaitu: Timun Mas, Lutung Kasarung, Kembang Wijaya Kusuma, Aji Saka, Jaka Tarub, Cindelaras, Srikandi Meguru Manah,  Kayon dan ShangyangIsmaya. This final project was aimed for describing the theme, visualization technique and paintings whose the title was Wayang Beber As An Inspiration In Creating Javanese Folklore-Themed Paintings.The methods employed in writing this final project and in creating the artwork, in this case was wayang Beber as a Javanese folklore paintings, were observation conducted in Pacitan and direct study from the artist of Wayang Beber, improvisation through sketching the characters of the wayang and creating ornament and visualization on the background by applying sungging technique. In visualizing the wayang beber paintings, the painter employed sungging technique, an acrylic medium on canvas. After going through a set of processes, the painter was able to create 9 different-sized decorative-illustrative paintings told about Javanese folklore in which the characters corresponded to the story, including  Timun Mas), Lutung Kasarung, Kembang Wijaya Kusuma, Aji Saka, Jaka Tarub, Cindelaras, Srikandi Meguru Manah,  Kayon and  Shangyang Ismaya
PROSES KREATIF FILM DOKUMENTER BERSAMA LANSIA
Authors: Raharjo Catur Panggih
Published: March 2021

Penciptaan ini bermula dari ketidakpuasan subjek dalam film dokumenter sebelumnya, sehingga memantik pencipta untuk membuat film dokumenter selanjutnya. Setelah proses yang cukup panjang akhirnya pencipta mengajak subjek untuk membuat film selanjutnya dengan konsep kolaboratif, artinya kami berdua bekerjasama untuk menghasilkan film selanjutnya. Film dokumenter kolaboratif ini menggunakan gaya observasional yang menekankan pada dialog antar subjek dan kenaturalan disetiap adegan dalam film. Secara garis besar proses kolaborasi antara kami berdua berhasil dengan baik, hanya ada beberapa kendala karena adanya pandemi covid 19 yang menyebabkan berkurangnya interaksi antara kami.This creation stems from the dissatisfaction of the subject in the previous documentary film, thus igniting the creator to make the next documentary. After a fairly long process the creator finally invited the subject to make the next film with a collaborative concept, meaning we both worked together to produce the next film. This collaborative documentary film uses an observational style that emphasizes dialogue between subjects and natural in every scene in the film. Broadly speaking, the collaboration process between the two of us succeeded well, there were only a few obstacles due to the covid pandemic 19 which led to reduced interaction between us.
Measurement report: characteristics of clear-day convective boundary layer and associated entrainment zone as observed by a ground-based polarization lidar over Wuhan (30.5° N, 114.4° E)
Authors: Liu Fuchao , Yi Fan , Yin Zhenping , Zhang Yunpeng , He Yun , Yi Yang
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Knowledge of the convective boundary layer (CBL) and associated entrainment
zone (EZ) is important for understanding
land–atmosphere interactions and assessing the living conditions in the biosphere. A
tilted 532 nm polarization lidar (30∘ off zenith) has been used for
the routine atmospheric measurements with 10 s time and 6.5 m height
resolution over Wuhan (30.5∘ N, 114.4∘ E). From
lidar-retrieved aerosol backscatter, instantaneous atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) depths are obtained
using the logarithm gradient method and Harr wavelet transform method, while
hourly mean ABL depths are obtained using the variance method. A new approach utilizing the full
width at half maximum of the variance profile of aerosol backscatter ratio
fluctuations is proposed to determine the entrainment zone thickness (EZT).
Four typical clear-day observational cases in different seasons are
presented. The CBL evolution is described and studied in four developing stages (formation,
growth, quasi-stationary and decay); the instantaneous CBL
depths exhibited different fluctuation magnitudes in the four stages and
fluctuations at the growth stage were generally larger. The EZT is
investigated for the same statistical time interval of 09:00–19:00 LT. It is
found that the winter and late autumn cases had an overall smaller mean (mean) and
standard deviation (SD) of EZT data compared to those of the late spring and early
autumn cases. This statistical conclusion was also true for each of the four
developing stages. In addition, compared to those of the late spring and early
autumn cases, the winter and late autumn cases had larger percentages of
EZT falling into the subranges of 0–50 m but smaller percentages of EZT
falling into the subranges of > 150 m. It seems that both the EZT
statistics (mean and SD) and percentage of larger EZT values provide measures of
entrainment intensity. Common statistical characteristics also existed. All
four cases showed moderate variations of the mean of the EZT from stage to stage. The
growth stage always had the largest mean and SD of the EZT and the quasi-stationary
stage usually the smallest SD of the EZT. For all four stages, most EZT values
fell into the 50–150 m subrange; the overall percentage of the EZT falling into
the 50–150 m subrange between 09:00 and 19:00 LT was > 67 % for
all four cases. We believe that the lidar-derived characteristics of the
clear-day CBL and associated EZ can contribute to improving our
understanding of the structures and variations of the CBL as well as providing a
quantitatively observational basis for EZ parameterization in numerical
models.
Assessment of meteorology vs. control measures in the China fine particular matter trend from 2013 to 2019 by an environmental meteorology index
Authors: Gong Sunling , Liu Hongli , Zhang Bihui , He Jianjun , Zhang Hengde , Wang Yaqiang , Wang Shuxiao , Zhang Lei , Wang Jie
Published: March 2021

Abstract. A framework was developed to quantitatively assess the contribution of
meteorology variations to the trend of fine particular matter (PM2.5)
concentrations and to separate the impacts of meteorology from the control
measures in the trend, based upon the Environmental Meteorology Index (EMI). The model-based EMI realistically reflects the role of meteorology in the trend of PM2.5 and is explicitly attributed to three major factors: deposition, vertical accumulation and horizontal transports. Based
on the 2013–2019 PM2.5 observation data and re-analysis meteorological
data in China, the contributions of meteorology and control measures in nine
regions of China were assessed separately by the EMI-based framework.
Monitoring network observations show that the PM2.5 concentrations have
declined by about 50 % on the national average and by about 35 % to 53 % for various regions. It is found that the nationwide emission control
measures were the dominant factor in the declining trend of China PM2.5
concentrations, contributing about 47 % of the PM2.5 decrease from 2013 to 2019 on the national average and 32 % to 52 % for
various regions. The meteorology has a variable and sometimes critical
contribution to the year-by-year variations of PM2.5 concentrations,
5 % on the annual average and 10 %–20 % for the fall–winter heavy pollution seasons.
Measurement characteristics of an airborne microwave temperature profiler (MTP)
Authors: Heckl Mareike , Fix Andreas , Jirousek Matthias , Schreier Franz , Xu Jian , Rapp Markus
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The microwave temperature profiler (MTP), an airborne
passive microwave radiometer, measures radiances, recorded as counts and
calibrated to brightness temperatures, in order to estimate temperature
profiles around flight altitude. From these data, quantities such as
potential temperature gradients and static stability, indicating the state
of the atmosphere, can be derived and used to assess important dynamical
processes (e.g., gravity waves or stability assessments). DLR has acquired a
copy of the MTP from NASA–JPL, which was designed as a wing-canister
instrument and is deployed on the German High Altitude
LOng range research aircraft (HALO). For this
instrument a thorough analysis of instrument characteristics has been made
in order to correctly determine the accuracy and precision of MTP
measurements. Using a laboratory setup, the frequency response function and antenna
diagram of the instrument were carefully characterized. A cold chamber was
used to simulate the changing in-flight conditions and to derive noise
characteristics as well as reliable calibration parameters for brightness
temperature calculations, which are compared to those calculated from
campaign data. The MTP shows quite large changes in the instrument state, imposing
considerable changes in calibration parameters over the course of a single
measurement flight; using a built-in heated target for calibration may yield
large errors in brightness temperatures due to a misinterpretation of the
measured absolute temperature. Applying the corrections presented herein to the
calibration parameter calculations, the measurement noise becomes the
dominant source of uncertainty and it is possible to measure the brightness
temperatures around flight level (closely related to the absolute
temperature close to the instrument) with a precision of 0.38 K.
Furthermore, radiative transfer simulations, using the Py4CAtS package in a
pencil-beam approach, indicate that the altitude range of the sensitivity of the
MTP instrument can be increased by applying a modified measurement strategy. This is the first time such an extensive characterization of an MTP
instrument, including a thorough calibration strategy assessment, has been
published. The presented results, relevant for the wing-canister design of
the MTP instrument, are important when processing MTP data: knowledge of the
relevant uncertainties and instrument characteristics is essential for
retrieval setup and is mandatory to correctly identify and interpret
significant atmospheric temperature fluctuations.