bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Brazil and the Necessary Reindustrialization: Elements of Political Economy in a Dependent Country
Authors:   State University of São Paulo, Lima P.A. , De Castro F.S.M. ,   State University of São Paulo
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the imperative of reindustrialization in Brazil, a nation significantly impacted by deindustrialization since the 1990s. The study critiques the neoliberal policies that have dismantled Brazil’s manufacturing sector and exacerbated dependence on global financial capital, resulting in diminished national economic control and heightened socio-economic inequalities. The authors argue that effective reindustrialization in Brazil requires alignment with the technological advancements of the microelectronic revolution, which has redefined industrial production processes and intensified labor exploitation. The paper emphasizes that Brazil's historical and current socio-economic structures, rooted in colonialism and primary commodity exportation, constrain its ability to fully leverage its productive potential. The analysis also critiques the contemporary political landscape, including the influence of U.S. imperialism onBrazilian policy and the rise of far-right politics. By examining these dynamics, the authors propose that Brazil’s path to reindustrialization is fraught with challenges, including brain drain and structural inequalities, and is further complicated by global and domestic political pressures. The study underscores the necessity for a transformative approach to overcome these barriers and suggests that Brazil’s future economic and political trajectories will hinge on its ability to address these deep-seated issues.
Beyond Modern Capitalism: Knowledge, Technolosies, Noonomy
Authors:   Free Economic Society of Russia, Bodrunov S.D.
Published: February 2025

The author raises the issue of the growing crisis of modern civilization. The existing socio-economic system, having ensured significant technological progress, was unable to cope with the consequences of using the latest technologies. For a long time, the ecological crisis has
been escalating, the problem of social inequality has been increasing, the pace of economic development has been slowing down, and international conflicts keep flaring up. Due to the financialization of the economy, the interests of production development become subordinate to the interests of the expansion of the financial market. At the same time, it is the latest technologies that contain the potential to overcome the crisis phenomena. The core of these technological capabilities is shaped by the industrial sector of the economy, which remains the driver of economic development. The technologies of current technological orders are characterized by the increasing role of knowledge in production with a corresponding decreasing role of material costs.At the same time,the production of knowledge does not replace material production but transfers it to a new stage of development - the stage of knowledge-intensive material production. This allows for
a significantly higher level of satisfaction of people’s needs with relatively lower costs. However, to realize this potential, it is necessary to move away from today’s economic rationality, which often leads to the inflation of simulated needs in pursuit of a large sales volume, and thus to the aggravation of thoughtless waste of natural resources, which has already brought the world to the brink of an ecological crisis. It is necessary to move from economy to noonomy, a social system based on the gradual displacement of humans from direct production, the transition of people to predominantly creative activity and a change in social priorities and values. In such a production system, the issues of meeting people’s needs are resolved by a relatively autonomously functioning technosphere, and people are connected not so much by relations in the system of direct production as by interaction in the process of creative activity. The requirements of the old economic production rationality and consumer behavior are replaced by the requirements of knowledge and culture. The pursuit of the volume of consumed goods is replaced by ensuring the growth of people’s abilities, determined by the level of their cultural development.
Az illegális pókertermekkel kapcsolatos nyomozások tapasztalatai
Authors: Varga Attila
Published: February 2025

By using the example of three cases, the author provides an overview on how the police and tax authorities coordinate in identifying major illegal poker clubs.
A hűtlen kezelés szabályozása a német btk.-ban
Authors: Kiss Szabolcs
Published: February 2025

Comparing it with similar Hungarian institutions, tax evasion in particular, the author provides an analysis of German criminal law for sanctioning of negligent administration and fraudolent breach of trust.
„Nehéz ember hírében állok” Beszélgetés Budapest rendőrfőkapitányával
Authors: Finszter Géza
Published: February 2025

The author interviewed Dr. Tamás Tóth, Police Brigadier General, Chief of Police of Budapest, on the main topic of maintaining public order and public safety in Budapest.
A rendészeti bűnmegelőzés gyakorlata és lehetőségei 2011-ben
Authors: Oláh László
Published: February 2025

Following a review of crime prevention strategies in the pas two decades, the author outlines the prospects of the Crime Prevention Division of the Budapest Police.
Byron’s Being-Towards-Death
Authors: Falke Cassandra
Published: February 2025

In commemorating the 200th anniversary of Byron’s death, it seems fitting to contemplate his own writing on what philosopher Martin Heidegger called ‘being-towards-death’. Murder, suicide, and battlefield deaths appear across the poet’s entire oeuvre. Ghosts and memorials, farewells and last breaths frame death and its remembrance as key ways of understanding lives lived. Byron seems, as Tom Mole claims, to have been interested in a ‘phenomenology of death’,

1

a first-person understanding of the experience of dying, but he was also interested in the ways that facing death as unavoidable endows life with possibilities for self-definition. Although Byron dallies with the idea that choosing one’s time and manner of death might be a desirable assertion of human will, he ultimately confirms that facing life requires more courage. Facing possibilities of life or death, individual will manifests itself most fully, for Byron, by confronting the unknown. He champions a soldier’s willingness to die, but the ease with which some of his characters assert this form of bravery undermines the grandeur he elsewhere associates with facing death, especially in his metaphysical dramas
Manfred
and
Cain
. It seems, for Byron, there is something brave in choosing not to have a choice over the circumstances of one’s own demise because doing so demands embracing the indeterminacy of death itself.
Study of Self-lensing/Eclipsing Signals in Edge-on Double White-dwarf Systems
Authors: Sajadian Sedighe
Published: February 2025

Stellar light curves from edge-on double white dwarf (DWD) systems have periodic lensing/eclipsing signals at times of alignment between the two components as seen by the observer. Here, we study the characterization and detection of these signals. In common DWDs, the Einstein radii have similar orders of magnitude to the radii of the white dwarfs (WDs), and the projected source and lens radii normalized to the Einstein radius (ρ
⋆ and ρ
l) are ∼1. Both of them are reduced with the orbital period and the lens mass. If ρ
l ≃ 1 the lensing-induced minor image is always blocked by the lens, which results in lower magnification factors. If ρ
l ≲ 1, and in transit events, the finite-lens effects decrease the light curves’ width. When ρ
l ≳ 1 (which happens for close DWDs consisting of a low-mass WD and a massive one) deep or complete eclipses dominate over lensing effects. The self-lensing signals are maximal for massive DWDs in wide orbits. We study the detectability of lensing/eclipsing signals in edge-on DWDs in observations by NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), the Vera Rubin Observatory Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), and the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope. We simulate stellar light curves due to edge-on DWDs and generate synthetic data points based on their observing strategies. Detection efficiency is maximal for extremely low-mass WDs in close orbits, and the numbers of DWDs within 100 pc and an observing cone with detectable lensing/eclipsing signals in one observing window of 27.4 days for TESS and 62 days for Roman are ∼1 and <1, respectively. Detecting these signals by LSST is barely possible because of its long cadence.
JWST 1.5 μm and 4.8 μm Photometry of Y Dwarfs
Authors: Albert Loïc , Leggett Sandy K. , Calissendorff Per , Vandal Thomas , Kirkpatrick J. Davy , Bardalez Gagliuffi Daniella C. , De Furio Matthew , Meyer Michael , Beichman Charles A. , Burgasser Adam J. , Cushing Michael C. , Faherty Jacqueline Kelly , Fontanive Clémence , Gelino Christopher R. , Gizis John E. , Greenbaum Alexandra Z. , Martinache Frantz , N’Diaye Mamadou , Pope Benjamin J. S. , Roellig Thomas L. , Sahlmann Johannes , Sivaramakrishnan Anand , Ygouf Marie
Published: February 2025

Brown dwarfs lack nuclear fusion and cool with time; the coldest known have an effective temperature below 500 K, and are known as Y dwarfs. We present a James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) photometric data set of Y dwarfs: 23 were imaged in wide-field mode, 20 using NIRCam with the F150W and F480M filters, and three using NIRISS with the F480M filter. We present an F480M versus F150W – F480M color–magnitude diagram for our sample, and other brown dwarfs with F150W and F480M colors synthesized from JWST spectra by S. A. Beiler et al. For one target, WISEA J083011.95+283716.0, its detection in the near-infrared confirms it as one of the reddest Y dwarfs known, with F150W – F480M = 9.62 mag. We provide its updated parallax and proper motion. One of the Beiler et al. Y dwarfs, CWISEP J104756.81+545741.6, is unusually blue, consistent with strong CO absorption seen in its spectrum, which the F480M filter is particularly sensitive to. The strong CO and the kinematics of the object suggest it may be very low mass and young. We update the resolved photometry for the close binary system WISE J033605.05–014350.4 AB, and find that the secondary is almost as cold as WISE 085510.83–071442.5, with T
eff ≲ 300 K, however the F150W – F480M color is significantly bluer, possibly suggesting the presence of water clouds. Astrometry is measured at the JWST epoch for the sample which is consistent with parallax and proper motion values reported by J. D. Kirkpatrick et al. and F. Marocco et al.
Reinvestigation of Fast Radio Burst Host Galaxy and Event Rate Density
Authors: Ma 马 W. Q. 文琦 , Gao 高 Z. F. 志福 , Li 李 B. P. 彪鹏 , Niu 牛 C. H. 晨辉 , Yao 姚 J. M. 菊枚 , Wang 王 F. Y. 发印
Published: February 2025

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are radio signals that last milliseconds. They originate from cosmological distances and have relatively high dispersion measures (DMs), making them excellent distance indicators. However, the origins of the FRB remain to be resolved. With its wide field of view and excellent sensitivity, CHIME/FRB has discovered more than half of all known FRBs. As more and more FRBs are located within or connected with their host galaxies, the study of FRB progenitors is becoming more important. In this work, we collect the currently available information related to the host galaxies of FRBs, and the Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis about limited localized samples reveals no significant difference in the median of DMhost between repeaters and nonrepeaters. After examining and selecting CHIME/FRB samples, we estimate the local volumetric rate density of repeaters and nonrepeaters, accounting for different DMhost contributions, and compare with rates of predicted origin models and transient events. Our results indicate that DMhost significantly affects volumetric rates and offer insights into the origin mechanisms of FRB populations.
Petrogenesis of Chang’e-6 Basalts and Implication for the Young Volcanism on the Lunar Farside
Authors: Yin Chengxiang , Chen Jian , Fu Xiaohui , Cao Haijun , Lu Xuejin , Liu Yiheng , Li Jin , Chi Siyue , Zeng Xiaojia , Ling Zongcheng
Published: February 2025

Mare basalts from lunar farside are pivotal for unraveling lunar nearside-farside dichotomies and global thermal history. The Chang’e-6 (CE-6) mission conducted the first sampling from a young basaltic unit within the Apollo basin on the lunar farside. Here, we performed comprehensive petrological and geochemical analyses on the CE-6 basalt clasts. The CE-6 basalt is a low-titanium basalt (about 5 wt% TiO2) depleted in KREEP components. The absence of olivine, particularly magnesium-rich olivine, suggests that the basaltic magma underwent extensive fractional crystallization. Thermodynamic modeling supports that there may be 10%–20% late-stage cumulates of magma ocean (clinopyroxene and ilmenite) present in the source region of CE-6 basalt. The magma derived from the partial melting of such lunar mantle may undergo fractional crystallization dominated by olivine and clinopyroxene within a shallow magma cg1hamber, followed by eruption. Modeling of the REE pattern further indicates that 3%–7% batch melting of a depleted lunar mantle source, combined with 21%–59% fractional crystallization, achieves the observed REE abundances of CE-6 basalt. The genesis of CE-6 basalt could be attributed to the synergistic influence of a readily fusible mantle source, resulting from the incorporation of late-stage cumulates, and the crust-mantle deformation induced by large impacts. This could serve as a paradigm for the formation of other young basalts on the Moon.
Care of tracheostomized children
Authors: Markov Stoyan , Markova Petya
Published: February 2025

Tracheotomy is an emergency surgical procedure that first appeared and was developed in ancient times. Surgical techniques for tracheotomy have been perfected in modern times, and in adults it is one of the most common surgical procedures performed in emergency departments and intensive care units worldwide.

In children, however, tracheotomies present far greater challenges to the medical teams involved. A number of related issues - indications and contraindications, time to perform, and protocols for decannulation, among others - still need to be clarified.

In recent years, the development of medical science, the introduction of vaccination programs, the use of many improved medical materials and technologies, and the achievements in neonatal and pediatric intensive care have changed the focus of pediatric tracheostomy from its emergency performance to solve acute asphyxiation problem to its implementation in children, who represent a complex group of patients with permanent dependence on tracheostomy and related medical technologies for long-term survival.

There is a growing number of children who have had complex therapy and for whom tracheostomy care and mechanical ventilation are part of their care, including in the home environment. This in turn raises new questions: Who will care for the child in the early post-operative period and after hospitalization? Who will train people to care for the tracheostomized child at home? What precautions should be taken with these children during their daily activities, including eating, bathing, and playing inside and outside the home?
Besedna družina iz korena *god- v slovanskih jezikih
Authors: Šivic-Dular Alenka
Published: February 2025

Knjižna razprava je poizkus pomenoslovne razčlembe besedne družine s korenskim morfemom *god- v slovanskih jezikih in njegove besedotvorne variante *gad- (npr. glagoli *goditi (s[), *gadati (s[), *godati (s[), samostalniki *godi, *godina, *godišće) in tudi razmerja do južno- in vzhodnoslovanskih besed z morfemom *gon- in *gan-. Namen razprave je poglobiti vpogled v mehanizem nastajanja pomensko razvejane besedne družine.
Svet I
Authors: Descartes René , Marek Miha , Vesel Matjaž , Jan Matija
Published: February 2025

Le Monde represents Descartes's first attempt at a comprehensive treatment of natural philosophy. The unfinished text, written between 1630 and 1633, was published after his death. As he was preparing its publication, he learned of the conviction of Galileo Galilei, who had been "guilty" of defending the motion of the Earth. Since this thesis was one of the fundamental premises that Descartes defended in Le Monde, he put the text in a drawer. The text was first published in 1664 under Le Monde ou le traité de la lumière (the first fifteen chapters of Le Monde).
In this work, Descartes sets himself the task of explaining the phenomenon of light in a mechanistic way, i.e. on the basis of the forms and movements of the bodies that constitute it. In doing so, he relies on a geometrical conception of matter, or the three elements (fire, air, earth), and gives a theory of the three fundamental laws of motion. In accordance with these concepts, it gives a hypothetical explanation of the origin and functioning of the fundamental cosmological entities (heavens, stars, planets and comets) and phenomena (gravity and tides) and finally explains the nature and properties of light. Since the outlines of the later Principia philosophiae can often be detected in the physical theses of Descartes' Le Monde, a reading of Le Monde is indispensable for an understanding of the development of Descartes' philosophy of nature.
La toga y la metralla: judicatura, pistolerismo y crisis de la Restauración (1917-1923)
Authors: Zoffmann Rodriguez Arturo , Pérez Trujillano Rubén
Published: February 2025

Los últimos años del régimen de la Restauración en España presenciaron una intensificación sin precedentes de la violencia sindical, conocida como el pistolerismo. Las agitaciones de este periodo culminaron en el golpe de Estado de Primo de Rivera en septiembre de 1923. Este artículo aborda un aspecto poco estudiado del pistolerismo: su dimensión judicial. La judicatura se implicó de buena gana en la represión de los sindicatos, aunque su acción se vio obstaculizada por importantes limitaciones de índole legal y material. Por tanto, el eje represivo se escoró hacia opciones extralegales: policías privadas, terrorismo antisindical y estados de excepción. La judicatura no se opuso a esta mudanza, sino que estableció una división del trabajo represivo con estas fuerzas, que conjuntamente socavaron las frágiles bases del régimen liberal y contribuyeron al surgimiento de las tendencias autoritarias que darían pie a la dictadura militar.
La prensa carlista en la praxis política de Manuel Fal Conde durante la Segunda República: realizaciones y propósitos
Authors: Agudín Menéndez José Luis
Published: February 2025

Se ha venido destacando que la prensa tradicionalista experimentó durante la II República un desarrollo vigoroso. No obstante, no se ha puesto mucho énfasis en que el dirigente integrista andaluz Manuel Fal Conde tuvo mucho que ver en ello. Ya con anterioridad a la II República se implicó en la actualización del diario “nocedalista” El Siglo Futuro, resultando clave posteriormente en su transformación en sociedad anónima y en su conversión en diario gráfico. El traslado de sus pericias en el impulso de la prensa tradicionalista andaluza permite entender la dirección que tomó El Siglo Futuro desde entonces. La modernización de la piedra angular de la red de prensa tradicionalista resultaba clave para llevar a cabo otros proyectos de envergadura que ambicionaba Fal Conde y que el inicio de la Guerra Civil truncó.
Evolución económica y percepción de la Unión Europea en España: entre Maastricht y la crisis del euro
Authors: Forner Muñoz Salvador , Senante Berendes Heidy-Cristina
Published: February 2025

En este artículo se analiza la percepción del Tratado de Maastricht por parte de las élites políticas españolas, de organizaciones de la sociedad civil y de la opinión pública. Se explora la evolución de esa percepción durante los años de la convergencia económica y tras el acceso de España a la moneda única, desde la hipótesis de que esta estuvo correlacionada con la evolución económica del país. Se analizan también comparativamente las dos coyunturas de crisis por las que atravesó la economía española, entre 1992-1995 y tras la crisis financiera internacional de 2008-2009, extrayéndose conclusiones sobre las causas del distinto impacto que tuvieron dichas crisis en la sociedad española y su repercusión en la percepción de la integración europea por parte de la ciudadanía. Se valora, por último, esa percepción como factor influyente sobre las políticas europeas favorables o críticas con la Unión Europea y con los cambios operados en el sistema de partidos.
“Con ánimo resueltamente católico y varonil». Movilización femenina contra la libertad de cultos y el protestantismo en España, 1868-1876
Authors: Ramón Solans Francisco Javier
Published: February 2025

Este artículo tiene como objetivo realizar una relectura de la movilización católica femenina en España entre 1868 y 1876. Aunque la historiografía ha reconocido su papel en la primera movilización contra la libertad de cultos, ha tendido a infravalorar su importancia y subsumirla en una movilización masculina al borde del colapso por la Segunda Guerra Carlista. A través del estudio de la Asociación católica de señoras de Madrid veremos cómo las mujeres lideraron el combate contra el protestantismo, desarrollando una potente red de escuelas católicas y boicoteando la apertura de escuelas protestantes. Asimismo, durante este período, las damas católicas se movilizaron en favor del Papa y encabezaron la campaña contra la tolerancia religiosa limitada de la Constitución de 1876. Al insertar la movilización católica femenina en el contexto europeo veremos cómo la asociación española fue pionera en el desarrollo de un asociacionismo laico femenino contra las políticas secularizadoras en el continente.
El sujeto y las «lógicas del linaje» en los procesos ascensionales. Una mirada a través de la Casa de Castellnovo en el siglo XVII
Authors: Salas Benedito Maria
Published: February 2025

Nuestro articulo pretende proyectar nueva luz sobre la complejidad de los procesos ascensionales dentro de la nobleza hispana moderna. Para ello tomamos como base la trayectoria seguida por el linaje de los marqueses de Castellnovo, tratando de responder a una serie de interrogantes que, en conjunto, buscan dilucidar el peso de la actividad individual y el de los méritos heredados en la consecución del encumbramiento. De este modo observamos la centralidad de la justicia distributiva ejercida por el monarca y la importancia de un sujeto que tanto con su actividad y decisiones, como sometido a una constante dialéctica con su grupo y contexto histórico, adapta sus estrategias de ascenso, consiguiendo así el medro y el mantenimiento de la familia en la cúspide sociopolítica; aunque esto a veces pueda suscitar enfrentamientos intrafamiliares.
Hidden in the crowd: re-evaluation of the generic status of the Antarctic sea pen Kophobelemnon molanderi (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Pennatuloidea), a molecular and morphological approach
Authors: López González Pablo J. , Kushida Yuka
Published: February 2025

Our understanding of Antarctic octocoral diversity is still far from complete. Newly collected specimens of the Antarctic sea pen Kophobelemnon molanderi Pasternak, 1975 have allowed a detailed morphological and molecular description of the species. The results of this study, including the diversity and complete distribution of the sclerome, the distribution of autozooids and siphonozooids and the sequences of three mitochondrial markers (mtMutS, COI and ND2) and one nuclear marker (28S) contribute to knowledge of the complex relationships of the genera Kophobelemnon Asbjoørnsen, 1856 and Funiculina Lamarck, 1816, which were initially traced in some recent works on the taxonomy and phylogeny of this highly derived group of octocorals. The sequences attributed to the genus Kophobelemnon were divided into three different groups. Two of these groups are recognized here simply as Kophobelemnon I and Kophobelemnon II, pending further morphological and molecular review. The sister group of Kophobelemnon I was the genus Funiculina. The third group, corresponding to K. molanderi sequences, is here assigned to a new genus, Scotiabelemnon gen. nov. The family delimitation and the relationships of the families Kophobelemnidae Gray, 1860, Funiculinidae Gray 1860 and Gyrophyllidae López-González, Drewery and Williams, 2022 are discussed. Finally, it is proposed to merge Kophobelemnidae into Funiculinidae, leaving only two families within Clade III, Funiculinidae and Gyrophyllidae.
Genoveses en la Hermandad del Refugio durante el siglo XVII
Authors: Sanz Ayán Carmen
Published: February 2025

El artículo analiza la participación activa de genoveses en la Hermandad del Refugio durante el siglo XVII, destacando la influencia de figuras como Juan Gerónimo Serra en la fundación de la organización en 1615. Se detalla la contribución de miembros de la élite financiera genovesa como Andrés Spínola y Octavio Centurión, quienes ocuparon cargos importantes y promovieron actividades benéficas. Sin embargo, en la segunda mitad del siglo XVII, la disminución de su presencia refleja un declive de su influencia en la corte madrileña y un cambio en su estatus socioeconómico. La Hermandad se convertía así en un espejo de la integración social fluctuante de los genoveses y de la incorporación de nuevos representantes destacados de la actividad financiera: las élites portuguesas.
El desengaño en la poesía de los almanaques del siglo XVIII y el «festivo salero de las musas»
Authors: Martín-Puya Ana Isabel
Published: February 2025

Tras la aparición del modelo literario, la poesía se convierte en elemento habitual de los almanaques del siglo XVIII. Los versos se presentan inicialmente como juicios políticos de las lunaciones; sin embargo, el carácter comercial y lúdico de los impresos propiciará que se extiendan a otras secciones y que se vacíen del contenido judiciario. En este trabajo se rastrea y analiza el tratamiento del desengaño en la poesía de los almanaques, decantada hacia el entretenimiento y la diversión. Esto se observa tanto en las composiciones que revisitan tópicos fructíferos en el Barroco como en otras que configuran cómicamente el desengaño de la astrología, sustentado sobre una retórica autorreferencial del género en que los piscatores se identifican con la mentira y el engaño lucrativo.
Les métamorphoses du groupe dans la production de l’avocat ligueur Louis Dorléans
Authors: Holtz Grégoire
Published: February 2025

Relativement méconnu, Louis Dorléans (1542-1629) passe pour être l’« l’intellectuel engagé » de la Ligue, dont il fut nommé « avocat général » en 1589. L’objectif de cet article est de retracer les différentes formes prises par le groupe au sein des écrits engagés de Dorléans. En effet, la notion de groupe traverse son œuvre, imprimée et manuscrite, dont on n’étudiera ici que les trois principaux moments : comment le groupe renvoie-t-il d’abord à la communauté ligueuse parisienne dont Dorléans fut une des principales plumes ? Dans quelle mesure le groupe est-il ensuite mobilisé dans le dernier écrit ligueur de Dorléans – le Banquet et apres disnée du conte d’Arete (1594) –, pour mettre en scène un cénacle aristocratique fictif au moment de la conversion d’Henri de Navarre ? Enfin, sur quels groupes (compris comme réseaux de solidarité lettrée) Dorléans peut-il compter pour mettre en œuvre sa réhabilitation lors de son retour d’exil ? Ces différentes questions aident à penser les modalités de l’engagement d’un pamphlétaire en fonction d’un groupe, mais aussi la délimitation d’un espace politique dans lequel la radicalité est possible avant d’être proscrite.
Un esclave peut‑il faire une polémique au XVIIIe siècle ?
Authors: Gerber Matthew
Published: February 2025

En 1778, un esclave guadeloupéen nommé Jean Hubert fut appelé comme témoin après avoir assisté au meurtre brutal de son maître octogénaire aux mains de six brigands. Vulnérable, illettré, et dépendant des autorités coloniales pour transformer son récit en texte, Hubert n’a pas pu s’engager dans une polémique générale contre le système d’esclavage transatlantique. Son récit est néanmoins riche en détails littéraires qui, lus aux côtés des « co-textes » du dossier d’archives, suggèrent qu’il considérait son récit comme un plaidoyer subtil mais polémique en faveur de son propre affranchissement. Si les événements entourant le meurtre ont permis à son texte de survivre dans les archives, la reclassification ultérieure de ces dernières a obscurci son récit jusqu’à présent.
Recent Trends in Optimizing Hydrogen Supply Networks
Authors: Srivastava Devanshi , Arya Adarsh Kumar , Mzili Toufik , Pujari Murali
Published: February 2025

The extensive reliance on conventional fossil fuels escalates greenhouse gas emissions and exacerbates environmental pollution, necessitating an urgent energy shift. Consequently, the advancement and use of renewable energy are of paramount significance. Hydrogen is expected to progress in the following years as a replacement for fossil fuels among various renewable sources. However, the high cost of the hydrogen supply network (HSN) has provoked the researchers to use optimization techniques to optimize the (HSN). The present study analyzes modern optimization methods for (HSN) and thoroughly examines the 'Green hydrogen supply chain'(GHSC), including transportation, production, storage and consumption, emphasizing metaheuristic optimization (MO) applications. The difficulties inherent in each phase are highlighted, and the capacity of MO techniques to mitigate these difficulties is examined. The study also examines multi-objective methodologies for optimizing issues within this area.
Advanced Polyp Segmentation Using U-Net Architecture
Authors: Sabri Oumnia , El Aroussi El mehdi , Abouelmehdi Karim
Published: February 2025

Early detection of polyps in colonoscopy images is crucial for preventing and treating colorectal cancer, a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Accurate segmentation, which isolates polyps within the image, is essential for this detection process. This paper reviews the application of deep learning, specifically the U-Net architecture, for polyp segmentation. Thanks to its encoder-decoder architecture, U-Net can efficiently collect contextual information while maintaining spatial features, making it suitable for such use. Benchmark dataset evaluation confirms the effectiveness of U-Net models in accurately segmenting polyps within colonoscopy images. The presented technique is a viable option for computer-aided polyp detection, with the potential to improve early cancer diagnosis.
Development of Rice Bran Oil Incorporated Functional Margarine and Assessing Its Physicochemical and Sensory Properties
Authors: Edirisooriya A. A. , De Silva O. C. P. , Somasiri S. , Madhujith T.
Published: February 2025

Background: Rice (Oryza sativa), a staple food in Asia, produces rice bran rich in protein, vitamins, and oil (18–22%). The γ-oryzanols in rice bran oil (RBO) are noted for their antioxidant properties and a balanced fatty acid profile.Objectives: This study aimed to develop a heart-healthier margarine for Sri Lanka by incorporating different ratios of RBO (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%) by replacing the current saturated fat content.Material & Methods: Rice bran samples were collected from North and North central provinces of Sri Lanka and rice bran oil was extracted using soxhlet extraction with n- hexane as the solvent. Different levels of rice bran oil (5, 10, 15 and 20%) were mixed with coconut oil to make margarine. Physico-chemical parameters, oxidative stability and sensory properties of the margarine samples were evaluated.Results: The results indicated that 20% RBO significantly increased oleic, linoleic, and α-linolenic acids, decreased saturated fat (42.61%±0.06), and increased monounsaturated (22.40%±0.02) and polyunsaturated (10.34%±0.01) fats. Four antioxidant blends were formulated with 0.015% Ascorbyl palmitate (AP) and TBHQ (tert-Butylhydroquinone), 0.2% rosemary extract, and 20% RBO with 0.0075% AP which was prepared considering RBO as a natural antioxidant. The oxidative stability of RBO blends (5%, 15%, and 20%) and γ-oryzanol content of RBO blends (10%, 15%, and 20%) showed no significant differences (P > 0.05). The final margarine, containing 20% RBO and 0.0075% AP, exhibited lower oxidative stability compared to TBHQ but similar to 0.015% AP.Conclusion: Despite not being suitable for commercial bakery use due to its spreadability at room temperature, this margarine demonstrates that RBO can be effectively used in margarine manufacturing, offering a functional food option that supports heart health.
Isolation and Characterization of Potential Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from Centella asiatica
Authors: Amarasinghe V. L. P. , Weerakkody N. S. , Madhujith T.
Published: February 2025

Background: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) represent a diverse group of probiotic microorganisms widely utilized across the food industry, as well as in clinical and agricultural sectors. Centella asiatica (Gotu Kola) is a green leafy vegetable (GLV) delivering promising nutritional and medicinal values. Although probiotic properties of many GLVs have been widely studied, probiotic properties of LAB isolated from C. asiatica are not reported abundant in literature.Objective: The aim of this study was to isolate and evaluate probiotic characteristics of LAB isolated from C. asiatica.Materials & Methods: LAB isolation was performed in de Man Rogosa Sharpe medium anaerobically. After morphological and biochemical characterizations, probiotic properties were evaluated using low pH resistance, autoaggregation ability, hydrophobicity, antimicrobial attributes and bile salt tolerance. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s Mean comparison statistics were used in data analysis. All the tests were performed in triplicates.Results: Twenty creamy white isolates were separated. Among them, ten were gram-positive and catalase-negative. Among them, significantly highest survival rate of 134.89% at pH 3 and 242.46% at pH 7 were demonstrated by I006 and I001respectively. After 2 h of incubation, the significantly highest auto-aggregation showed by I009. After 4 h I009 and I002 strains showed significantly higher (p<0.05) auto-aggregation 31.80% and 24.16%, respectively. The strain I005 showed the significantly highest hydrophobicity of 33.97%. The significantly highest Diameter of Inhibition Zones (DIZ) against Staphylococcus aureus and E.coli. were demonstrated by I001 and I006 and the values were 7.16 mm and 7.50 mm respectively. Among the selected best five isolates, I001 showed the highest survival rate (100.00%) in 0.3% (w/v) bile salt concentration after 2 and 4 h of incubation. All selected best five isolates formed gas in glucose fermentation.Conclusions: It can be concluded that C. asiatica is a natural source for potential probiotic LAB and genetic characterization and molecular identification are highly recommended.
The Role of Average Weighted Call Money Rate in Shaping Monetary Policy Transmission Mechanisms and Inflation Outcomes in Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayasuriya R. N. D. , Lakmali M. A.
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyse the role of the Average Weighted Call Money Rate (AWCMR) which is the operating target of the current monetary policy stance of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka (the CBSL) under the Flexible Inflation Targeting (FIT) framework and how the measures and policy actions taken by the CBSL effectively pass-through the market in order to achieve the final target of inflation control of the Sri Lankan economy. This study consists of both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to assess the influence of the AWCMR on key market interest rates and its subsequent impact on controlling inflation. The quantitative analysis focuses on the relationship between the AWCMR and a few key market interest rates, including government Treasury bill rates, Average Weighted Lending Rates, Average Weighted Deposit Rates, and Average Weighted Fixed Deposit Rates, using the monthly data from January 2018 to December 2023. Further, the qualitative analysis examines the CBSL’s dynamic monetary policy stance for inflation control and economic stabilisation, targeting the language and thematic content of CBSL communication to understand how such elements shape public expectations and institutional credibility. The findings of this study witnessed that the AWCMR acts as a crucial channel for the monetary policy transmission mechanism of the Sri Lankan economy and influences, in varying degrees, other market interest rates. Further, it emphasises the CBSL’s policy actions and timely measures positively yielded in shaping inflation during the study period. By combining both quantitative and qualitative approaches, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms through which the CBSL manages monetary policy and communicates with the public. In addition, this contributes to the prevailing literature by integrating qualitative views into the largely quantitative domain of monetary policy analysis.
Construction of spiritual meaning in the transformation of gratitude for freshmen
Authors: Pohan Rizky Andana , Ramli M. , Atmoko Adi , Akbar Sa'dun
Published: February 2025

This study explores the dynamics of emotional expression of freshmen students at a public university in Indonesia, focussing on the role of gratitude in helping them overcome challenges and maintain academic vigour. Using qualitative methods with open-ended questionnaires and in-depth interviews, this study involved 20 freshmen from one public university. The results showed that the majority of students expressed gratitude to God as the main expression, while a minority also valued the role of social support and personal achievement. The findings also revealed that despite uncertainties, fears and disappointments, gratitude remains a fundamental and culminating emotion. Gratitude not only helps students overcome challenges but also enhances their resilience and motivation. Spiritual Meaning Construction Theory serves as an analytical tool, highlighting that spiritual experiences and expressions of gratitude are strongly influenced by an individual’s social and cultural context. The theory emphasises that the experience of religion or spirituality has no universal truth, but rather varies according to each individual’s interpretative framework. The findings suggest that the expression of gratitude in freshmen not only reflects universally inculcated spiritual beliefs but is also a result of the meaning-making processes by individuals within their social and cultural context. Implications for higher education institutions include the importance of developing orientation, counselling and academic support programmes that support students’ expression of gratitude and resilience. Programmes that promote resilience and gratitude can help students overcome challenges and stay motivated throughout their academic journey.Contribution: This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the complexity of emotions experienced by freshmen as well as the important role gratitude plays in helping them overcome challenges and maintain enthusiasm in pursuing their academic goals.
Relationship between Household Tuberculosis and Socioeconomic and Bioenvironmental Factors: A Statistical Model Approach Using NFHS-5 Data
Authors: Pandey Anant Kumar , Chaturvedi Himansu K. , Choraria Pooja
Published: February 2025

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a pressing global health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like India, where it poses significant challenges to public health. This study investigates the socioeconomic and bioenvironmental determinants of TB at a household’s level using data from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey conducted in India between 2019 and 2021. The study utilizes a comprehensive approach, including univariate, bivariate, and regression analyses, to explore the relationship between TB prevalence and various independent factors. Regression models, including binomial, Poisson, and negative binomial, are employed to elucidate the predictors of TB. The data reveal higher TB prevalence in rural areas compared to urban areas, with households headed by males exhibiting a greater prevalence. Socioeconomic factors such as possession of a Below Poverty Line card and access to electricity are significantly associated with household TB status. Additionally, bioenvironmental factors such as type of cooking fuel and water sanitation measures play crucial roles in shaping TB dynamics within households. The findings underscore the complex interplay between socioeconomic status, living conditions, and bioenvironmental factors in influencing household TB risk. This study provides valuable insights into the socioeconomic and bioenvironmental determinants of TB prevalence at a household’s level, informing evidence-based policy and intervention strategies aimed at reducing TB burden and advancing progress toward global TB elimination goals. Moreover, housing infrastructure, promoting clean energy access, and gender-sensitive approaches can enhance TB control efforts and promote community health.
Service Gap Assessment of Village Health and Nutrition Day Services in a Rural Block of Eastern Odisha: A Mixed-method Study
Authors: Sahu Dinesh Prasad , Preeti P S , Singh Arvind Kumar , Bhatia Vikas
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

Village Health and Nutrition Day (VHND) services is an initiative taken by the Government of India for improvement of maternal and child health care in the rural areas. This study aimed to assess the gap in services and also the current implementation status of the VHND services.

Methodolgy:

A mixed-method study (cross-sectional and qualitative study) was conducted in a rural block of Odisha. A total of 46 VHND sessions were assessed during the study period. The study was conducted to assess the service gaps. Manpower, beneficiaries, basic amenities, basic equipment, medicines, and services were assessed. A structured checklist was prepared and validated. Stakeholder interview and exit interview of the beneficiaries were conducted to assess the constratints in providing services.

Results:

VHND sessions were conducted at 91.3% of the sites. Basic amenities like weighing scales and blood pressure apparatuses were available at 100% of the sessions. However, hemoglobinometers, glucometers, stethoscopes, and stadiometers were not available at all sites. Essential drugs like iron and folic acid and calcium were also not available at 73.8% and 42.9% of the sites, respectively. Lack of participation of PRI members, interrupted drugs and logistic supply, and overlapping activities of health workers were the major challenges.

Conclusion:

Supportive supervision, proper infrastructure, equipment, uninterrupted supply, and proper coordination can improve the uptake of VHND services. Proper planning and management are the key to provide optimum services in rural areas.
A Qualitative Study to Assess Challenges Faced During AEFI Surveillance
Authors: Simon Sophie , Rawat Shalini , Sangam Rohan , Velhal Gajanan D.
Published: February 2025

Background:

India has a functional and mature National Regulatory Authority which ensures that vaccines manufactured and used in the country are safe. Monitoring adverse events post-licensure is equally critical to identify infrequent adverse events due to the vaccine product.

Material and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional observational qualitative study done in a Metropolitan city in Maharashtra from January 2017 to June 2018. Focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with healthcare workers and stakeholders involved in adverse event following immunization (AEFI) surveillance in the city. The data obtained were transcribed and analyzed using the inductive method. Thematic analysis was done using the grounded theory. Data were analyzed using ATLAS ti 5.7.1.

Results:

It was found that both active and passive surveillance were being followed in the study area helped in improving reporting rates and in early detection and management of adverse events. It was noted that there was no proper training provided to doctors in the private sector. Reporting of adverse events depended upon a number of factors such as clinical seriousness, temporal proximity to vaccination and health care workers’ awareness of and obligation to report particular adverse events, fear of blame, time pressures in completing a report, and confusion in whose responsibility it was to report.

Conclusion:

Mandatory training of all private practitioners conducting immunizations, CHVs to work in collaboration with private doctors for active surveillance of AEFI, and online reporting to be made available for easy reporting. Proper counseling of mothers regarding giving paracetamol to the vaccine beneficiaries. Greater convergence is required between national regulators, and vaccine pharmacovigilance stakeholders including Central drugs standard control organisation (CDSCO), Pharmacovigilance programme of India (PvPI), and AEFI surveillance program, especially at the city and state level is required to handle vaccine safety issues at various levels in a faster and more effective manner.
On-Campus Promoting Health Literacy and Behavior in Adolescent Athletes
Authors: Tsai Meng-Che
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

Little is known about the profile of health-promoting behaviors in Taiwanese adolescent athletes. We codesigned a school-based extracurricular club with the adolescent athletes and aimed to examine the effect of program on the health-promoting behaviors among the participants.

Methods:

We recruited a sample of 40 athlete students: 20 participants from the health promotion club (intervention group) and 20 comparisons from other extracurricular clubs (control group). The content of health promotion program contained a wide array of health issues, such as growth, nutrition, sport injury, and life resuscitation. Certified physicians and physiotherapists provided lectures, workshops of experimentation, and forums of group discussion. We compared the health-promoting behaviors based on the Adolescent Health Promotion (AHP) scale before and after the program and between the intervention and control groups.

Results:

Athlete students scored higher in exercise (20.9 ± 3.6 vs. 16.3 ± 3.7, P < 0.01) but lower in nutrition (19.7 ± 3.4 vs. 22.1 ± 3.9, P < 0.01) among the AHP scale items than general students referenced in the literature. Athletes who participated in health promotion club showed improvement in AHP scores, particularly in the domain of health responsibility that was persistent up to 6 months after the intervention.

Conclusion:

We identified a general lack of healthy nutrition practices in these athlete youth. After 20 weeks' training, the participants adopted healthier behaviors that persisted even longer. Further research of larger participation is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of the scheme.