bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real-time antecedents and correlates of functional neurological symptoms in daily life: A pilot remote monitoring technology study
Authors: Pick Susannah , Millman L. S. Merritt , Hodsoll John , Stanton Biba , David Anthony S. , Edwards Mark J , Goldstein Laura H , Mehta Mitul , Nicholson Timothy , Reinders A.A.T.S. , Winston Joel S , Chalder Trudie , Hotopf Matthew
Published: April 2024

Remote monitoring technologies (RMT) could provide critical insights into the mechanisms underlying functional neurological symptoms (FNS). We examined the feasibility and acceptability of a novel RMT protocol, aiming to identify psychobiological correlates and antecedents of FNS in everyday life. Seventeen individuals with FNS (seizures/motor) and 17 healthy controls (HC) completed ecological momentary assessments (EMA) eight times daily for 1-week, reporting FNS severity, associated physical and psychological symptoms, and subjectively significant events. Sleep quality was reported daily. Fitbit Charge 5s measured objective physiological variables. Multilevel modelling examined variables associated with FNS variability. EMA completion rates were high (≥80%). At week-level, the FNS group reported significantly elevated subjective arousal, pain, fatigue, dissociation, negative affect, daily events, stressful events, and sleep duration, compared to HC. Objective sleep disturbance and duration, and resting heartrate, were also significantly greater in the FNS sample. FNS severity correlated significantly with daily events, affect, subjective arousal, pain, fatigue and sleep disturbance, at day- or within-day levels. Daily events and negative affect temporally predicted momentary FNS severity. RMTs are feasible and acceptable tools for investigation of FNS in real-world settings, revealing daily events and negative affect as possible triggers of FNS. Larger-scale, longer-term RMT studies are needed in FND.
The Shakespeare First Folio in Padua and its Manuscript Annotations
Authors: Steenson Allison L.
Published: April 2024

This article deals with the manuscript annotations in the Padua copy of Shakespeare's First Folio of 1623.
An unusual presentation of uveo-meningeoencephalitic syndrome
Authors: Dave Prachi Abhishek , Bharti Neha , Singh Bhupesh , Bharti Sudhank
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Unilateral uveo-meningeoenchephalitic syndrome is a relatively rare entity. Our case highlights the importance of keeping this entity in mind when a unilateral picture suggestive of Vogt Koyanagi Harada syndrome crops up. 
Case: A 34-year-old male came with chief complaints of blurring of vision in the right eye since two days with a prodrome of intense headache and redness in the right eye. On examination, the vision in the right eye was counting fingers close to face and 20/20 in the left eye. Clinical examination suggested unilateral uveo-meningeoenchephalitic syndrome which was confirmed on multimodal imaging. 
Observations: This case highlights the fact that though uveo-meningeoenchephalitic syndrome is bilateral, by definition; the initial presentation may still be unilateral and a prompt diagnosis and treatment can prevent the involvement of the other eye.
Conclusion: Any case presenting with signs of symptoms suggestive of Vogt Koyanagi Harada should be treated as Vogt Koyanagi Harada even though the initial presentation may be unilateral. A prompt diagnosis and early treatment will ensure that the other eye does not get involved. Early Vogt Koyanagi Harada may just present with choroidal hyperpermeability and multiple septate pockets of SRF without any vitreous cells or anterior segment inflammation.
Safety and efficacy of cyclosporine (0.05% versus 0.09%) in dry eye disease. Is it the strength of cyclosporin that really matters?
Authors: Rajpoot Mukesh , Singh Divya , Pandey Kankambari , Bhargava Rahul
Published: April 2024

Introduction: This is a multicenter, randomized, interventional, double masked study aimed to compare safety and efficacy of cyclosporine (0.05% versus 0.09%) in dry eye disease. 
Materials and methods: Random allocation of patients (n=450) was done in two groups by parallel assignment (1:1). Group1(n=225) received CAs 0.05% drops twice daily, and group 2 (n=225) received CAs 0.09% drops twice daily for 3 months. Primary outcomes were changes from baseline in Lissamine green staining score, Nelson grade on conjunctival impression cytology and tear film osmolarity. Secondary outcomes were changes in dry eye symptom score. Schirmer’s test scores, changes in corneal fluorescein staining and changes in tear film break up time. 
Results: Within the groups, there was a significant improvement (ANOVA, P<0.05) in tear film osmolarity, lissamine green staining score, dry eye symptom score, corneal fluorescein staining and Schirmer test scores over 3 months of intervention. However, the difference in Nelson Grade, goblet cell density, and tear film break-up time was not statistically significant. Between the groups, there was a significantly better improvement in tear film osmolarity (ANOVA, P<0.001), Lissamine green staining score (ANOVA, P=0.002), corneal fluorescein staining (ANOVA, P=0.011), dry eye symptoms (ANOVA, P=0.040) and Schirmer test scores (ANOVA, P=0.001) with CAs 0.09%. However, the improvement in Nelson grade, tear film break-up time was not significantly different between the two groups. The overall patient’s comfort was significantly better over time in patients on CAs 0.05% (ANOVA, P<0.001).
Conclusion: Increasing strength of CAs better improves corneal staining, tear production, tear film osmolarity but not conjunctival morphology and tear film stability.
Early management of capillary haemangioma to prevent stimulus-deprivation amblyopia
Authors: Ojha Hare Ram , Verma Neha
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Infantile capillary haemangiomas (IHs) are common, benign tumours that are self -limiting and generally found in the head and neck region.
Case: We present a case of a three month old female baby who presented with a left upper eyelid capillary haemangioma because of which she could not lift the upper lid subjecting her to a high risk of stimulus- deprivation amblyopia.  Treatment was provided in the form of an intralesional Triamcinolone acetate injection (40 mg/ml) under general anaesthesia, along with oral Propranolol (1 mg/kg body in 2 divided doses for the first two days, followed by 2 mg/kg  in 2 divided doses for ten days (continued upto four months) and topical Timolol (0.5%) lid massage twice a day upto a period of six months.
Observation: No adverse effects were reported and a marked reduction in size of the tumor was observed thereby providing an immediate relief to the child.
Conclusion: Hence a combination therapy using intralesional steroids, along with oral propranolol and topical timolol over the lesion has proven to be very effective in providing early response.
Ocular toxicity among patients taking anti-tubercular treatment
Authors: Sitaula Sanjeeta , Sitaula Ranju Kharel , Thapa Shilu , Chapagain Sameer , Dahal Hira Nath
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Tuberculosis remains a major public health problem in Nepal and anti-tubercular drugs used for the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis can be associated with ocular toxicity. This prospective study aimed to evaluate the incidence of ocular toxicity among patients receiving anti-tubercular therapy and to assess the change in visual functions and ocular imaging before and after use of anti-tubercular therapy. 
Materials and methods: A total of 89 eyes of 45 TB patients taking anti-tubercular therapy were enrolled. Detailed history and examination including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), colour vision (Farnsworth D-15t), contrast sensitivity (Pelli-Robson chart), Goldman visual field analysis and spectral domain optical coherence tomography for retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) analysis were assessed at baseline and at 6 months after starting anti-tubercular therapy. Visual evoked potential (VEP) was performed in suspected cases.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 29.13±14.00 years and 62.2% were males. The mean weight of the subjects was 54.37±10.36 kg, mean daily dosage of ethambutol was 17.91±1.74 mg/day/kg and mean administration duration was 2.71±1.54 months. The incidence of ocular toxicity was 2.24%. Bilateral retrobulbar optic neuropathy occurred in a 27-year female  of 55 kg receiving ethambutol (20 mg/kg/day) for 6 months for Pott’s spine. Her best-corrected visual acuity in both eyes was reduced to 6/36 from 6/6 and developed non-specific color vision defect, decreased contrast sensitivity, bilateral cecocentral visual field defect and mean decrease in retinal nerve fibre layer thickness compared to the baseline data. In rest cases, a statistically significant decrease in mean  retinal nerve fibre layer thickness in both eyes suggested the evidence of subclinical toxicity. 
Conclusion: Though less common, ethambutol toxicity can occur in patients under anti-tubercular therapy in the form of retrobulbar optic neuritis. Decreased contrast sensitivity and thinning in the mean  retinal nerve fibre layer thickness can be the indicator of subclinical toxicity.
Ethambutol induced toxic optic neuropathy - A retrospective study in a tertiary eye care centre in Southern India
Authors: Shanmugam Mahesh Kumar , Sajja Swetha , Kowsalya Akkayasamy , Balakrishnan Harini Krishna , Jayasri K N
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Ethambutol is an antibiotic used as a first line drug in the treatment of tuberculosis and a vision threatening side effect of EMB is ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy (EON). The aim of the study is to create awareness about the potentiality of ethambutol to cause ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy, careful monitoring of dose and patient education.
Materials and methods: A retrospective observational study of 14 patients whose complete Anti- tubercular treatment  records could be retrieved were included. Epidemiological data including age, sex, systemic illness were recorded. Duration between optic nerve toxicity , usage of ethambutol and the drug dosage were noted. Best corrected visual acuity, anterior segment examination including pupils, extraocular movements, colour vision, central fields and fundus examination were evaluated. The patients were followed up at one and three month intervals. 
Results: Associated systemic illness was found to be a confounding factor for the development of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy. 57% of  patients had diabetes mellitus followed by hypertension (14.2%), renal disease (7.1%). The average daily dose of Ethambutol ingested was 1078.5 mg (21 mg/kg) and this high dose could have been the primary cause for development of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy. Vision ranged from total blindness to mild visual impairment and poor recovery of vision was noted even after discontinuing ethambutol.
Conclusion: Only a minority of patients showed improvement in visual function following discontinuation of ethambutol and the toxicity was found to be dose-dependent. Patients with comorbidities like renal impairment and diabetes mellitus appeared to be at greater risk. Ophthalmological examination before commencing treatment and periodic evaluation thereafter is mandatory.
Tatanan Lahan Rumah Susun untuk Masyarakat Berpenghasilan Rendah Melalui Pendekatan Sustainable Architecture
Authors: Aprianto Faisal Indra , Laksmiyanti Dian P.E. , Poedjioetami Esty , Laksono Sigit Hadi
Published: April 2024

Tingginya perpindahan penduduk akibat Urbanisasi, menjadi salah satu alasan krisis hunian bagi masyarakat kelas mengenah-bawah. Hal tersebut berpotensi menyebabkan banyaknya warga yang nekat mendirikan bangunan dan bermukim diatas lahan yang tidak seharusnya, dan ini nantinya akan berpotensi memberikan dampak buruk bagi manusia maupun lingkungan dimasa depan. Banyak kita temukan desain tatanan lahan yang digunakan pada rusunawa, biasanya hanya berfokus pada pemaksimalan penggunaan luasan lahan yang ada. Peletakan massa bangunan yang saling berhimpitan, orientasi bangunan yang kurang responsif terhadap isu-isu tapak, dan penyediaan area terbuka hijau yang masih belum terpenuhi, merupakan beberapa permasalahan yang bisa timbul akibat dari kurangnya perhatian kondisi tapak dan lingkungan sekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan solusi tatanan lahan rumah susun yang mengusung konsep sustainable architecture. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode modelling and simulation, dengan pendekatan problem solving atau pemecahan masalah yang ada dari hasil pengamatan yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya. Dalam proses pengolahan tatanan lahan akan didasarkan pada usaha untuk meminimalkan pengaruh buruk yang diberikan dan ditimbulkan oleh kompleks rusunawa ini, tidak hanya bagi penghuni namun juga untuk lingkungan sekitarnya. Metode yang dilakukan adalah deskriptif kualitatif, dengan menyajikan desain yang dihasilkan melalui studi literature dan studi kasus sebelumnya. Kegiatan kali ini menghasilkan desain tatanan lahan rusunawa yang mampu merespon dan memenuhi segala kebutuhan penghuni, serta desain yang juga mampu merespon isu-isu lingkungan yang berpotensi memberikan gangguan kepada bangunan dan penghuni pada masa kini maupun masa yang akan datang
Tema Metafora Pada Rancangan Re-Desain Sentral Pasar Ikan Hias Gunungsari Surabaya
Authors: Darmawan Surya Adjie , Azizah Siti , Ratniarsih Ika
Published: April 2024

merancang ulang bangunan pasar ikan hias di gunungsari dengan menggunakan desain tema metafora yang menjadikan sebuah penanda fungsi bangunan tersebut
Study on Low Student-Lecturer Interaction during Lectures in Sri Lankan State Universities
Authors: Wickramasinghe H.V.
Published: April 2024

This research explores reasons for low student- lecturer interaction during the lecture in one of the leading business administration departments in a state university. The study was conducted through a qualitative approach, and the data were generated using seven semi-structured interviews. Three female students and four male students were selected under purposive sampling for the semi-structured interviews. The generated data were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that mainly the lecturers’ behaviour in the class room, influence of peers and their teaching, individual differences among the students, English language barriers and the classroom layout are the reasons for the low student- lecturer interaction during the lecture. Lecturers’ behaviour in the classroom and lecturers’ teaching style affect student lecturer interaction during the lecture. Also, the way students are motivated by their peers and their mindset of thinking their peers teach better than the lecturer also affect the low student lecturer interaction. There are individual differences among the students and it was found that it is one reason for low student-lecturer interaction. Most of the degree courses in the Sri Lankan university system are conducted in the English medium. Students feel uncomfortable with the language, which is another reason for low interaction between students and lecturers during the lecture. Besides these reasons, different layouts and the number of students in the classroom also affect low student-lecturer interaction during the lecture. The research findings will support students and lecturers to change their behaviour and attitude to increase the interaction during the lectures.

Keywords: Low Interaction, Students, Lecturers, State University
Need for a New Paradigm to Assess Quality of Life of Persons with Vision Impairment and Blindness: Evidence from a Literature Survey
Authors: Dunuwila V.R. , Perera M.S.S. , Suraweera T. , Fernando P.J.S.
Published: April 2024

Eye health and vision play an extensive role in every aspect of our life as everything we perceive as the world comes through our sense of sight. Recent statistics of the World Health Organisation specify that 2.2 billion of the world’s population experience vision impairment and blindness, of which at least 1 billion of these cases are yet to be addressed. Estimates show that over 1 million persons with vision impairment and blindness have been reported in Sri Lanka. Promoting the quality of life of such communities has become a high priority initiative for local governments, international organisations, and researchers, where this construct has been subject to continuous discussion with numerous models proposed for its assessment. However, the research problem emanates from the fact that there is no clearly construed definition or characterisation of this construct. Although past research points to a couple of instruments that examine the quality of life of persons with vision impairment and blindness, their focus has been limited to the medical aspect of a life of quality. Hence, this paper attempts to demystify the concept of quality of life as applicable to persons with vision impairment and blindness, to justify the need for a novel instrument to assess this noteworthy construct. A systematic literature search on the quality of life was carried out using multiple electronic databases where a total of 254 online publications were identified, which were then screened and excluded based on relevance. The remaining 78 papers were read in-depth to identify conceptual and measurement principles pertaining to the quality of life and a thematic analysis was carried out on 32 quality of life definitions to obtain a better understanding of this construct. The findings of the thematic analysis indicate that quality of life relates to the overall well-being of an individual that needs to be examined with respect to his/her needs, expectations, and values that are perceived as important by them. In obtaining a better grasp of the perspectives discussed in this paper, the need for a new conceptual model of quality of life arguably becomes clearer for persons with vision impairment and blindness.

Keywords: Conceptualisation, Quality of Life, Vision Impairment and Blindness
Factors Affecting Social Entrepreneurial Orientations: Moderating Role of Government Support
Authors: Majeed Shafna Abdul , Kodithuwakku K.A.S.S. , Abhayarathne M.H.R.
Published: April 2024

In the face of globalisation expanding trend, social entrepreneurship and social entrepreneurial orientation (SEO) are regarded as the key economic development strategies to advance an organisation’s performance and eventually a country’s economic growth and sustain its competitiveness. This study aimed to explore the factors that affect the SEO of non-profit organisations (NPOs), as well as the moderating effects of government support in enhancing the SEO of NPOs. To meet the study's objectives, the two-step cluster analysis and structural equation modelling (SEM) were utilised. The moderator of the study was classified into three clusters; access to both government financial and non-financial support, access to higher government non-financial support only and access to lesser government non-financial support only. The study was conducted among one hundred and ten NPOs in the Ampara district of Sri Lanka, where data were collected from owners or managers of the organisations. The findings of this study noted a significant positive relationship between organic organisational structure and organisation size with SEO. Organizations that engage in earning activities, receiving other organisations’ financial support and individual donations show comparatively higher SEO. Organisations with male owners/managers have higher SEO than those with female owners/managers. In terms of the moderating effects of government support, findings revealed significant moderation characteristic of government support. Most of the direct relationships are moderated when both governments financial and non-financial support is available to the NPOs. Government support accelerates the association of organic organisational structure and social networking with SEO. Organisations involved in earning activities, organisations receiving other organisations’ financial support and individual donations show a higher SEO when the moderating effect of government support is present. The findings of this study provide a clear indication to researchers and policymakers about the effectiveness of the current government support designed and implemented to support NPOs in Sri Lanka.

Keywords: Social Entrepreneurship, Social Entrepreneurial Orientation, Non-Profit Organisation, Government Support
Organisational Factors Affecting Commitment of Sewing Machine Operators at ABC Clothing Private Limited
Authors: Perera Bhanuri , Kariyapperuma Seshika
Published: April 2024

One of the work-related attitudes that people have toward the organisations in which they work is their organisational commitment. This concept is concerned with the degree to which people are involved with their organisations and are interested in remaining with them. The purpose of this research is to identify organisational factors that affect the commitment of sewing machine operators (SMOs). Further, specific objectives were also set to identify the determinants of commitment of SMOs, to identify the relationship between the identified determinants and the commitment of SMOs, and to recommend human resource practices intended to enhance the commitment of SMOs. This is quantitative research that underlines the positivists philosophical assumptions. Hence, the deductive approach was used. The research strategy was the cross-sectional survey method. To understand the behaviour of the factors of commitment of Sewing Machine Operators (SMOs), 120 SMOs on the main production floor of ABC Clothing (Pvt) Ltd (JMPL) were deemed the sample according to the simple random sampling method. A questionnaire survey was taken as the primary source of collecting the data where all the independent variables were measured according to the standard prior questionnaires. According to the conceptual framework, the researcher hypothesised the construct using independent variables; superior support, peer support, flexi-time jobs, workload, and job autonomy and the dependent variable was the commitment of SMOs. The analytical tool of the study was IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Parallel to most of the historical findings, superior support, peer support, flexi-time jobs, and job autonomy revealed a significant positive relationship towards the commitment of SMOs in ABC Clothing Private Limited, with the exception of workload, which portrayed a significant negative relationship. It was revealed that ‘flexi-time jobs’ have the highest correlation with commitment and are the most influential factor in the commitment of sewing machine operators at ABC Clothing. Finally, depending on the results obtained from the study, the management is given some recommendations highlighting the five independent variables that are identified as significant for the commitment, indicating what steps can be taken by the management to enhance the commitment of the sewing machine operators.

Keywords: Organisational Commitment, Sewing Machine Operators, Flextime Job, Peer Support, Superior Support, Job Autonomy, Workload
Customers' Technology Know-How and Error-Correction Capability in Using Self-Service Technologies
Authors: Galdolage Badra Sandamali
Published: April 2024

Customers' levels of technology knowledge vary significantly, affecting their performance in Self-Service Technologies (SSTs) and their ability to respond to errors in SSTs caused by service or process failures. Despite the fact that this is a highly practical scenario, scholarly research on the subject is rare. As a result, the purpose of this research is to look into customer technology know-how in SSTs, customers' corrective actions in the event of SST service/process failures, and differences between customers in terms of service performance, technology know-how, and error corrective capabilities in SSTs. The study used a qualitative research design, with semi-structured interviews with 25 SST users. The thematic analysis method was used to analyse the data. The study identified four types of knowledge that SST users need to effectively complete service transactions: computer knowledge, SST device knowledge, Internet knowledge, and language ability. Furthermore, the study identified numerous mechanisms used by customers to correct errors in SSTs and classified them as 'error preventing' or 'error recovering' mechanisms. Furthermore, the study discovered customer performance disparities among SSTs based on their level of technological expertise and error-correcting capabilities. The study divided SST users into three performance categories: 'Full performer,' 'Fair performer,' and 'Poor performer.' This study fills the theoretical gaps by elucidating the interaction between SST users' technological expertise and error correction capabilities. Furthermore, it informs SST service providers on how to maximise users' level of expertise while improving the service quality.

Keywords: Self-Service Technologies, Technology Know-How, Errors in SSTs, SST Acceptance
Factors Influencing Prescribe Branded Drugs by Physicians: An Empirical Study in Sri Lanka
Authors: Priyantha S.G. , De Alwis Tyrone
Published: April 2024

The pharmaceutical industry in Sri Lanka has been one of the dominant industries, yet it depends more on customers and medical practitioners although the customer (patients) is the end user who depends on the decisions that are made by the doctors. The pharmaceutical industry, having understood the interaction between the patients and the doctors, keeps more focus on doctors as they desire to promote their products through the medical practitioners. The pharmaceutical industry reaches its desired targets using specific strategies and promotional activities through doctors targeting the end users. The present study tries to understand the different strategies used by the pharmaceuticals industry. In achieving the desired objectives, the study used Medical Detailing (MD), Providing Scientific Literatures (SL), Sponsoring Overseas Conferences (SPON), Continuous Medical Education (CME) and Distribution of the Physicians Samples (SAM) as the variables. The samples of 130 physicians were selected from three different districts; Colombo, Gampaha and Kalutara. The techniques of the descriptive inferential statistical method are used in analysing the data. The main technique used in the study is a questionnaire with a Likert scale. However, owing to the unexpected situation that arose in the country, only 108 questionnaires were responded to by the doctors and accordingly the study was conducted.  The findings revealed that MD, SL, SPON, CME and SAM are all highly impacted by doctors in recommending the branded drugs in Sri Lanka. Further indications are that if drugs are locally manufactured, it is required to maintain standards that are equivalent to international standards. If not locally manufactured drugs will not be able to attract doctors in the field. The managerial implications that can be received in this empirical study is , though the product/s is unique using medical detailing, scientific literature, sponsor for overseas conferences, continuous medical education and samples distribution  are integral in marketing strategy in order to  achieve the marketing objectives.

Keywords: Pharmaceutical Industry, Branded Drugs, Descriptive Statistics, Correlation, Coefficients
Conspicuous Consumption of Mobile Phones among Sri Lankan Managers
Authors: Silva A.A. Sajani Divya , Kariyapperuma Seshika
Published: April 2024

Conspicuous consumption is a concept that has stood the test of time and proven its validity and importance in terms of human consumption. This research paper has taken the initiative to analyse the conspicuous consumption behaviour of Sri Lankan managers in terms of mobile phone preference and usage. The answers as to how they employ mobile phones for conspicuous consumption and the reasons as to why they engage in the conspicuous consumption of mobile phones are discussed and analysed in this research. To seek insight into this phenomenon, the research has taken a qualitative approach, using interviews to collect data for the research and thematic analysis to develop research findings. The research reveals that mobile phone is conspicuously consumed by Sri Lankan managers through its features, the occasion it is used in, the brand and the outer aesthetic of the mobile phone. Mobile phones are conspicuously consumed by Sri Lankan managers to maintain current and higher levels of wealth and status. It is also incentivised by psychological attributes such as personal achievement, personality, and attitudes and how one’s self and self-concept is developed. Brand variables such as brand image, brand familiarity, perceived brand quality and brand loyalty, along with the interest in expressing their uniqueness, also affect this intention. Interpersonal influences, as well as interest in keeping up with technology and market demand also play a hand in pushing managers towards conspicuous consumption of mobile phones. With these revelations, mobile phone companies will be able to develop suitable branding and positioning strategies for their products.

Keywords: Conspicuous Consumption, Status Consumption, Hedonism, Mobile Phones
Organisational Changes for Adopting Virtual Reality in the Sri Lankan Hospitality Industry
Authors: Muwandeniya K.C.B. , Eranda B.A.N.
Published: April 2024

Digitalisation has generated a new paradigm shift in the hospitality industry. Hence, hoteliers cannot ignore the emerging technologies that come with digitalisation, such as virtual reality (VR), artificial intelligence, augmented reality, robotics, and so forth. Today, hoteliers tend to adopt these cutting-edge technologies to gain a sustainable competitive advantage, attract new customers, and enhance customer experiences. However, most hoteliers and hotel managers fail to implement digitalisation-enabled development initiatives due to incomprehension about the required organisational changes. In the meantime, the Sri Lankan tourism and hospitality sector experienced a recession due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the Easter attack in 2019. Further, it has shown a resistance to technological changes. To uplift the Sri Lankan tourism industry again, it is essential to utilise the full potential of new digital technologies. The VR technology, which is one of these technologies, could be implemented for this purpose. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the necessary organisational changes required to adopt VR technology. Accordingly, this research study is expected to provide a clearer picture of required organisational changes for adopting VR. Further, this study is a steppingstone on the road to investigating the required organisational changes for adopting VR as one of the digitalisation trends that can be effectively used within the hospitality industry. Under the qualitative research methodology, the phenomenological approach has been used to capture the respondents’ experiences and knowledge about VR. The data collection was carried out using in-depth semi-structured interviews with eight respondents. From the perspective of tourism and hospitality professionals, the results suggest that the organisations need strategic transformational change, developmental change and structural change to adopt VR technology. These organisational changes are essential to capture the real essence of the new digital transformation and implement the right policies and investment decisions. VR technology is a new booming trend of digitalisation, and when embedding VR into the hospitality industry, new challenges will emerge, and organisations will have to make changes accordingly.

Keywords: Virtual Reality, Digital Transformation, Hospitality Industry,Phenomenology
Lateral Transhipment Inventory Models: A Systematic Literature Review of Models and Solution Approaches
Authors: Kumari A.G.K.C. , Wijayanayake A.N. , Niwunhella D.H.H.
Published: April 2024

Proper inventory management is known to be one of the major challenges in the retail industry. Maintaining a sufficient level of inventory while reducing the total inventory cost results in increasing customer satisfaction and increasing profitability by reducing the overall cost in the retail industry. Lateral transhipment is one of the most effective ways to achieve both objectives. Lateral transhipment is rotating or sharing of stocks among locations in the same echelon. Due to the effectiveness of lateral transhipment in better managing inventory, it has been studied widely in literature. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of literature on different lateral transhipment inventory models and solution procedures proposed. The objective is to analyse and identify the research gap for future research and to identify solution approaches used in existing literature for lateral transhipment problems so that the potential research paths can be explored to improve the inventory management in the retail industry. Even though there are reviews conducted for lateral transhipment, to the best of our knowledge most of them do not focus on the solution approaches used. Hence, this paper focuses on the model setting and solution approaches used in the literature. The results of the literature review have revealed that less attention has been given to proactive and hybrid transhipment approaches. Also, the high number of constraints used commonly in lateral transhipment literature can be considered as a restriction in generalising the solutions proposed. It was also concluded that when the number of retailers and items in the considered inventory model increases, approximation techniques were mostly used in literature rather than exact algorithms. Developing complex proactive or hybrid models for multiple item transhipment among multiple retailers or warehouses while considering the allocation of items to vehicles is a future research area to be explored. Also, it was discovered that all the lateral transhipment problems in literature are aligned with economic objectives. Hence, considering the environmental objectives like green approaches is a challenge for future research.

Keywords: Inventory Management, Lateral Transhipment, Retail Industry, Solution Approaches
Impact of Physical Learning Environment on Undergraduates’ Academic Engagement in an Online Learning Setting during COVID-19: Evidence from a Sri Lankan University
Authors: Wickremasinghe Hashini T. , Kumuduni W.Y.
Published: April 2024

All physically conducted activities in educational institutions including universities were discontinued due to restrictions imposed with the COVID-19 outbreak. Many universities commenced academic activities online during the work-from-home period. Although student engagement is vital in students' learning and satisfaction in distance education, the literature reveals that the level of student engagement in online learning is relatively low. As stipulated in the Engagement Theory, given the right conditions individuals will be engaged in their in-role performances. Although the significance of physical environmental factors including ambient and spatial attributes has been emphasised continuously by scholars on academic engagement of students, studies on this phenomenon are inconclusive. In response, this cross-sectional quantitative study aims to study the impact of ambient and spatial attributes in the physical environment on the level of students’ academic engagement in an online learning setting. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire from a purposive sample of 238 undergraduates representing all four academic years of the Faculty of Management Studies and Commerce, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka. The collected data were analysed using the Structural Equation Modelling with AMOS. The study findings empirically validate the impact of ambient and spatial attributes of the physical environment on student engagement in an online learning setting. The impacts of age and education level, the controlling variables, on student academic engagement were found insignificant. Through the validated impact of ambient and spatial attributes of the physical environment on the student engagement in an online learning setting, this study broadens the components taken as physical resources considered in the Engagement Theory by including external environmental factors; ambient and spatial attributes as key significant components in the availability antecedent. Further, this study helps practitioners to identify ways to improve physical environment attributes to improve the comfortability of students to properly engage in their academic activities.

Keywords: Ambient Attributes, COVID-19, Engagement, Online Learning, Spatial Attributes
Assessing the Supplier Selection Criteria based on Minimising Pre-Consumer Fabric Waste
Authors: Wijayarathne P.N.K. , Layangani L.D.S.C.
Published: April 2024

The concept of sustainability has become a buzzword in modern society and consequently, managing solid waste has become a key priority. Out of this, apparel solid waste accounts for a significant portion of solid waste. Pre-consumer apparel waste generated during apparel manufacturing such as fabric waste contributes to 60% of total apparel solid waste. According to the well-established waste minimisation techniques, prevention of apparel waste at early design stages is proven to be effective. Hence, the prevention of fabric cutting waste at the inception of sourcing is the main focal point of this study. At the stage of sourcing fabric, if the ideal fabric type and traits can be chosen, it will lead to eliminating the possibility of excess apparel cutting waste generation. As a result, the study takes initiative in assessing supplier selection criteria when sourcing fabric. A list of supplier selection criteria is analysed using expert interviews and questionnaires focusing on the mass apparel manufacturing sector in Sri Lanka. Further, the study contributes to introducing a new supplier selection criteria list that would, directly and indirectly, minimise pre-consumer fabric cutting waste. The Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) model incorporating Intuitionistic Fuzzy TOPSIS (IFT) is used to capture the linguistic and intuition-based human judgments encompassed in the supplier selection decision-making process. The results are validated using a real-world case study. The study manages to introduce a list of supplier selection criteria in terms of Sustainable Supplier Selection; in the three virtues of economic, social and environment. Additionally, it introduces a new supplier selection criterion to minimise cutting waste. Quantification of possible reduction of fabric cutting waste is assessed by maker efficiency ratio using a selected case organisation in the mass apparel manufacturing industry. Furthermore, the study presents new directions for flexible negotiation strategies when sourcing fabric in Mass Apparel Manufacturing Context.

Keywords: Pre-Consumer Apparel Waste, Cutting Waste, Intuitionistic Fuzzy TOPSIS, Supplier Selection Criteria, Fabric Sourcing Supplier Selection Criteria
Pensar los cuidados:
Authors: Ferreyra Beltran Marta Clara , Bueyes Jaime Aime Marisol
Published: April 2024

En la infografía se da una breve definición del concepto de cuidado y se retoman cifras importantes acerca de cómo la división sexual del trabajo afecta de manera diferenciada por género la vida de las personas. También se muestra un breve recuento de la situación en México sobre los cuidados, así como un ejemplo de una herramienta —el mapa de cuidados— para la política pública y su funcionamiento. Finalmente, se menciona el futuro de los cuidados y desde qué perspectiva se están pensando.
Inseminação artificial em tempo fixo em bovinos de corte
Authors: Negrão Fagton de Mattos , Dantas Carlos Clayton Oliveira , Capovilla Luiz Carlos Tadeu , Mexia Alexandre Agostinho , Garcia Jocilaine
Published: April 2024

The artificial insemination is a way that has as end the zootécnico improvement of the flocks. Through it, it is obtained to uniformizar the flocks from an only father. It allows to organize extreme programs of crossing; to use the semen of one alone ejaculada for hundreds of cows, using to advantage better the genetic energy of the reproducers; to shorten the reproduction station, being obtained itself periods of birth and weans well definite; to improve the income (meat). Moreover, one program of artificial insemination, in the cut cattle, inside recommends the adoption of definitive techniques of handling, making with that the reproduction deserves greater attention, of a farm. The proper system of individual identification, through earrings and card indices, facilitates the control, allowing to identify and to eliminate the animals with reproduction problem.
The Current State of Development and Prospects for the Creation of Sensors of Thermodynamic Activity of Oxygen in Relation to Reactor Units with a Heavy Liquid Metal Coolant
Authors: Chernov E. I. , Chernov M. E. , Rachkov V. I. , Orlov A. I. , Sysoev Yu. M.
Published: April 2024

Successful development of the world nuclear energy is not possible without a transition to a new technological platform. The most promising nuclear technology for this today seems to be fast reactors cooled by liquid metal coolants. In 2021, the construction of the world’s first nuclear power plant with a fast reactor BREST-OD-300 began in the city of Seversk, Russia. This reactor, having a number of innovative solutions, uses liquid lead as the primary coolant. Lead belongs to the class of heavy liquid metal coolants and is similar in technological properties to the Pb-Bi eutectic alloy. Since the 60s of the last century, special attention has been paid to the substantiation of the operability and safety of heavy liquid metal coolants in Russia. The key element of the technology of such a coolant is the thermodynamic oxygen activity sensor, which controls the oxidation potential of the coolant and ensures the cleanliness and corrosion resistance of the circuit. This article provides an overview of the main design solutions proposed for the oxygen activity sensor, their analysis is given, and proposals for the development of an improved sensor design that would meet the requirements of large-scale nuclear power are considered.
To the Calculation of the Unsteady Temperature Field of a Cylindrical Body
Authors: Vidin Yu. V. , Zlobin V. S.
Published: April 2024

Determining the temperature regime of cylindrical bodies in the initial period of time, i.e. at small values of the Fourier number, is a rather time-consuming task. In the calculation process, it is necessary to take into account a large number of members of the series to obtain the result of the required accuracy. In this case, it is required to calculate the eigenvalues of the characteristic equation for each term of this series. The article offers a fairly simple and effective analytical method for determining eigenvalues with high accuracy. The method is based on the use of a special function, the inverse of the relation of the Bessel functions of the first kind of zero and first order. In this case, the procedure for determining eigenvalues is reduced to a simple fast-converging iterative process. Using this procedure allows you to determine any eigenvalue of the characteristic equation with high accuracy required for engineering calculation. The application of this method in engineering practice significantly simplifies the process of determining the temperature regime of cylindrical bodies, and can also be extended to other tasks.
Numerical Investigation of Cladding Ballooning and Burst in VVER and PWR Fuel Rods in Experiments with Various Loading Conditions
Authors: Dolganov K. S. , Tarasov A. E. , Kapustin A. V. , Tomashchik D. Yu.
Published: April 2024

The paper presents the results of numerical modeling for ballooning and burst of fuel rods claddings made of domestic and foreign alloys. The integral code SOCRAT-V1/V2 is used as a means of modeling. The uncertainty analysis of the calculation results to input uncertainties of the temperature and pressure measurements was performed. The modeling results demonstrate a good qualitative and quantitative compliance with measured times of cladding failure under partial core uncovery conditions. The results of SOCRAT-V1/V2 validation evidence on the importance of performing new experiments for domestic fuel rod cladding ballooning and burst.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Semi-Closed Cycles with Oxy-Fuel Combustion and Carbon Dioxide-Steam Working Fluid
Authors: Kindra V. O. , Komarov I. I. , Osipov S. K. , Zlyvko O. V. , Naumov V. Yu.
Published: April 2024

Reducing emissions of harmful substances during the production of electricity at thermal power plants is possible by the transition to semi-closed gas turbine cycles with oxy-fuel combustion and carbon dioxide-steam working fluid. Their main advantages compared with closed Rankine cycles with water vapor and open Brayton cycles with combustion products of the air-fuel mixture are the absence of the toxic substances formation danger and the effective separation of working fluid components based on the thermodynamic principle, which allows to subsequently dispose of high-purity carbon dioxide. This paper presents the results of the energy performance thermodynamic analysis of the most known oxy-fuel combustion power cycles with a carbon dioxide-steam working fluid. A technique for modeling thermal schemes of promising power units is described in detail, taking into account losses for cooling high-temperature carbon dioxide turbines, energy costs for the production and compression of oxygen, as well as compression of carbon dioxide before disposal. Based on the results of mathematical modeling, it was found that the net electrical efficiency for the semi-closed combined cycle with oxy-fuel combustion can reach 44.5% at a gas turbine inlet temperature of 1400°C, and 43.2% for the Allam cycle at 1100°C.
Reliability Properties in the Decentralization of Power Industry
Authors: Chukreev Yu. Iy. , Byk F. L. , Myshkina L. S. , Chukreev M. Yu.
Published: April 2024

According to the energy strategy until 2035, energy transition in Russia is aimed at creating intellectual energy systems and orientation to distributed energy. The article proposes to consider distributed energy as the necessary component to the “large” energy, which allows you to increase efficiency, primarily in terms of power supply reliability. In Russia, the basis of distributed energy is cogeneration low power sources. Based on these sources and distribution networks of medium and low voltage, balanced local intelligent power systems (LIPS) are created. The integration LIPS in centralized power supply systems allows you to get significant systemic effects. The aim of work is to study the influence of the integration LIPS with re-gional power systems on the reliability indicators of power supply.
Limiting and Binary Schemes of Vapor Bubble Growth in an Infinite Volume of Liquid
Authors: Zudin Yu. В. , Urtenov D. S.
Published: April 2024

The problem of spherically symmetric growth of a vapor bubble in an infinite volume of a uniformly superheated liquid is considered. The concept of limiting growth schemes, each of which is determined by the influence of a single physical factor, is put forward. An analytical approximation of the Scriven integral is proposed, its asymptotics are analyzed. Analytical solutions for binary growth schemes with due account of the influence of two physical factors on bubble growth are obtained.