bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AS CONSEQUÊNCIAS DO MANEJO INADEQUADO DA SÍFILIS GESTACIONAL
Authors: Araujo de Morais Borba Bruna , Guimarães de Castro Alline , De Freitas Nunes Adonias , Filardi Silveira Caroline , Mendes Barros Adriana
Published: May 2021

A sífilis é uma infecção causada pelo Trepodenema pallidum, de caráter sistêmico que se tornou um agravo de notificação compulsória na gestação por acarretar diversas complicações, como a predisposição ao parto prematuro, abortamentos, morte neonatal e alterações congênitas precoces ou tardias. Os altos índices de sífilis congênita estão associados a um pré-natal inadequado. Foi realizada uma pesquisa nas bases PubMed, LILACS, Google Scholar e Scielo para publicações recentes sobre o manejo e tratamento inadequado da sífilis gestacional. O período de publicação ficou compreendido entre 2016 e 2019. A melhoria da assistência pré-natal é a base para o controle e prevenção de novos casos de sífilis na gestante e sua transmissão materno-fetal e reduz os gastos com as consequências do manejo ineficiente da doença.
Síndrome de Mirizzi em gestante: relato de caso.
Authors: Linhares moraes dos santos Jose arnon
Published: May 2021

RESUMO

Introdução: A síndrome de Mirizzi é uma complicação rara da colelitíase, acometendo em média 3% dos pacientes com este diagnóstico. Possui predominância no sexo feminino na faixa etária de 21 a 90 anos. Ocorre, geralmente devido a obstrução extrínseca da via biliar, tanto por um cálculo grande impactado no infundíbulo, comprimindo o ducto colédoco; ou por uma fístula da vesícula biliar com o colédoco. O tratamento depende do grau de comprometimento da via biliar. Este estudo tem como objetivo demonstrar síndrome de mirizzi em uma paciente gestante que foi submetida a procedimento cirúrgica com bom desfecho clínico, cirúrgico e obstétrico.

Palavras-chave: Síndrome de Mirizzi; gestante;
PRINCIPAIS CARACTERÍSTICAS DO PÊNFIGO E GRUPO DE DOENÇAS PENFIGOIDES
Authors: Silva Weslay Rodrigues , Alcides de Lima Souza Reydson , Rone dos Santos Lima Cleiton , Tavares Montenegro Luciano T , Pitta Paraíso Iglesias Déborah
Published: May 2021

As dermatoses bolhosas autoimunes constituem um grupo de doenças clinicamente caracterizadas pela formação de bolhas como resultado da ação específica de autoanticorpos. Quando os anticorpos apresentam especificidade para componentes das junções intercelulares dos queratinócitos as bolhas se formam dentro do epitélio, como ocorre no Pênfigo. Se os autoanticorpos são direcionados contra componentes das junções epitélio-conjuntivo, formam-se bolhas subepiteliais, característica do grupo de doenças penfigóides. O objetivo desse trabalho foi a realização de uma revisão de literatura do tipo narrativa para análise das características que envolvem a etiopatogenia, apresentação clínica e histopatológica do pênfigo e do grupo de doenças penfigoides. Este estudo contribui para fornecer bases teóricas que suportam a compreensão das características inerentes a essas patologias.
IMPACTOS DA REDE CEGONHA NA MORTALIDADE NEONATAL EM GESTAÇÕES DE ALTO RISCO
Authors: DE OLIVEIRA JULLIETE CRISTINA , FRANCO SANTOS RAFAELA , PAES MARIA EDUARDA , RODRIGUES VIEIRA EDUARDO AUGUSTO , MARINHO ARAUJO FELIPE , ALVES EVANGELISTA HENRIQUE ALEXANDRE , CAMPOS DOS SANTOS RAPHAEL , FERREIRA BARBOSA PRISCILA
Published: May 2021

Introdução: A Rede Cegonha é uma política pública instituída no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde com a finalidade de aprimorar a atenção pré-natal, servindo de ferramenta para a redução dos índices de mortalidade materno-infantil no Brasil. Em certas regiões do Brasil, os índices de mortalidade materna e infantil não apresentam significativas reduções, necessitando avaliar a efetividade da implantação da Rede Cegonha. Objetivo: Destacar os principais impactos da implantação da Rede Cegonha na saúde materno-infantil no Brasil. Método: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, transversal e retrospectivo, do tipo revisão sistemática, cuja busca ativa ocorreu mediante dados da literatura disponível em bancos de dados online a partir de descritores cadastrados na BVS. Resultados: A análise possibilitou mostrar evidências de que há uma alta frequência de gestantes que se encontram em situação de risco. O enfoque em óbitos neonatais revelou que, em todos os estudos selecionados, os casos em que os neonatos evoluíram a óbito tiveram como principal preditor deste desfecho alguma intercorrência durante a gestação ou parto, devido a presença de fatores de risco gestacional. Destarte, pode-se perceber que a implantação da Rede não conseguiu ainda atingir melhora significativa à saúde materno-infantil, uma vez que, os estudos analisados demonstram uma alta prevalência de intercorrências durante o parto como reflexo de negligências na atenção ao pré-natal. Percebe-se também que, os cuidados relativos ao recém-nascido apresentam falhas, principalmente naqueles que necessitam de cuidados intensivos nos primeiros dias de vida. Conclusão: Ainda que a política seja relativamente nova, percebe-se que há necessidade de melhorias, principalmente no que cerne à efetivação da mesma.

 

Palavras-chave: Mortalidade Infantil; Serviços de Saúde Materno-infantil; Sistema Único de Saúde e; Gravidez de Alto Risco.
The use of soft power in digital public diplomacy
Authors: Kos-Stanišić Lidija , Car Viktorija
Published: May 2021

The focus of this comparative study is on the use of soft power in the digital‎ public diplomacy of two Global South players, Brazil and India, in EU member‎ states. The main objective of this research is to find out how their embassies‎ use digital diplomacy in communication through their official websites‎ and to identify which soft power resources they dominantly use. Quantitative‎ content analysis and thematic analysis were used to analyze the categories and‎ subcategories on the main menu and special banners on each embassy’s home‎ page, and the associated content. Unlike the Indian embassies, which fully‎ embraced digital diplomacy 2.0, the Brazilian embassies do not utilize the full‎ potential of digital diplomacy and primarily remain reliant on websites only.‎ According to this research, the Brazilian embassies in the EU use film as a‎ dominant soft power resource in their digital diplomacy, while the Indian embassies‎ use yoga as a powerful diplomatic tool. Still, both approaches are not‎ enough to attract European publics. There remains a lot of space for improvement‎ and better usage of soft power resources and digital public diplomacy‎ potentials in communicating the powers of Brazil and India in EU countries.‎
The United States: Is It Still a Superpower?
Authors: KARATAŞ İbrahim
Published: May 2021

The study argues that although the US power is in decline, it is still a superpower thanks to its allies, friends, economic tools like US dollar and even its adversaries. In other words, not Americans but other countries including rivals keep the US as a superpower. They have done it voluntarily since the US has the desire to act globally, and any loss in its power would cause more losses in other countries. However, particularly during the Trump administration, the US withdrew from the leadership of the like-minded countries, opening the way for China and Russia to be more active in world affairs. Besides reluctant leadership of the Trump administration, generally the U.S administration prefers confrontation to cooperation and escapes from soft landing, accelerating the end of its superpowerhood. The result, as the study argues, might be a more dangerous world order, where there is no superpower ensuring peace on the earth. Methodologically, the concept of superpowerhood is elucidated from a historical, security and international political perspective.
Translokasi asimilat tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) hasil persilangan varietas Elos dan Sukmaraga pada cekaman garam
Authors: Garfansa Marchel Putra , Sukma Kelik P W
Published: May 2021

Tingginya tingkat kelarutan garam merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh pada output dan input sehingga perlunya usaha dalam memahami strategi adaptasi cukup penting untuk meningkatkan produksi pertanian terlebih pada tanah salin. Tujuan penelitian adalah mempelajari translokasi asimilat jagung pada cekaman NaCl untuk meningkatkan produksi pertanian pada tanah dengan kondisi tanah salinitas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Maret – Juni 2020 di lahan pertanian yang terletak di Desa Duko Timur, Kecamatan Larangan, Kabupaten Pamekasan. ketinggian tempat 131 m dpl, suhu rata-rata 24 – 31 ºC. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan perlakuan Petak Terbagi (RPT) dengan menempatkan dua macam varietas hasil resiprokal pada petak utama (main plot), yaitu : ES; dan SE; serta dosis cekamarn garam sebagai anak petak (subplot) antara lain 0 mMol; 50 mMol/L setara dengan 2,9 g/L; 100 mMol/L setara dengan 5,8 g/L; 150 mMol/L setara dengan 8,7 g/L; dan 200 mMol/L setara dengan 11,6 g/L. Kemampuan adaptasi jagung akibat pengaruh salinitas menyebabkan penurunan pada pembentukan asimilat yang terjadi pada kedua varietas hasil persilangan. Perbedaan kemampuan ini dapat dilihat dari tampilan morfologis tanaman serta hasil panen dari kedua varietas tersebut.
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi – the Unorthodox “Orthodox”
Authors:   Krasnodar Air Force Institute for Pilots named after A.K. Serov, Bitinayte Elena A.
Published: May 2021

The reference to the native tradition by thinkers of modernizing societies is a complex, multidimensional process. It includes endeavours of rational recon­sideration of their own religion, which as a rule are accompanied with reformers’ declarations about revival of true ancient essence of faith and about their ortho­doxy. The typical example of the last one is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi’s ar­ticle “Who is a ‘Sanatani’ Hindu?”. Translation of this text into Russian is pre­sented to the readers. And though the question about consideration Gandhi as а reformer of Hinduism is debatable, his approach to religion has many similar features with reformative practice by Rammohun Roy (1772–1833) and his fol­lowers. Reflection on originality of the Indian civilization and particularly on Hinduism, which is characteristic for the thinkers of that period, can’t be under­stood without analysis of modernization context and especially for Gandhi with­out attention to anti-colonial struggle. The meet with the West divided Indian so­ciety to three parts: those who gladly copied European lifestyle, others who refused all foreign and those for whom the discovery of new culture became the reason for the recognition of the past and the present of their native country. The last thinkers weren’t contented with just safe-keeping of Indian civilization in the situation of the colonial crisis and therefore they defined another aim – to revive its ancient greatness. Every reformer created his own project of religious renaissance based on his own conception of ‘true’ ancient Hinduism, which was corrupted in time. But there is something common in interpretation of Hinduism by different thinkers of that direction, and by Gandhi too. All of them tried to find the essence of Hinduism, which brings it together with other religions and which defines its uniqueness in order to show to the compatriots and to the world the special role which Indian civilization should play in all-human destiny.
Image of India in Social Thoughtof the Bengal Renaissance
Authors:   Penza State University
Published: May 2021

A process of creation of India’s image by the Bengal Renaissance intellectuals (from Rammohun Roy to Rabindranath Tagore) is analyzed in the article based on phenomenological approach and hermeneutics of the thinkers’ texts. A phe­nomenon of invention of native country’s image is a special result of ‘Discovery of India’ (Jawaharlal Nehru’s term) in many-sided interaction with Other, first of all the West. The process is the intellectual construction of a whole conception on India as ‘our own’ geographical and civilizational space with general tradi­tion, culture and history. A use of comparative, historical and axiological meth­ods along with ‘ideal type’ (M. Weber) method allows to invent two-fold image of ideal and real India. The ideal one unites meanings of India’s being in history, the goals of human, society and culture, the real image opens a number of prob­lems, evils and failures in the present social life and in history, along with real dignities and achievements. The Bengal thinkers have created ‘imaginary’ (B. Anderson) India in their representations, as attractive by her humanity, toler­ance and peacefulness; with high goals of harmony, morality and love. The ‘ideal’ in India was detected first of all for the compatriots as a base for self-re­spect and dignity and secondly for the entire world. ‘Reality’ in India had ap­pealed active change and constructive work for social renaissance.
Dialogism As a Meaning-Determining Principle in Albert Schweitzer’s Ethics
Authors:   independent researcher, Gorbunov Svyatoslav S.
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this article is to consider the dialogism as a meaning-determining principle in Albert Schweitzer’s concept of ethics and life. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that it considers Schweitzer’s ethical imperative to be an imperative whose basis is a dialogue between two subjects, one of which is myself and the other can be the whole world in all the variety of life. Separately, it considers the issue of the search for existential meaning within the idea of a di­alogic moral paradigm of the whole human existence. The results obtained show that dialogism can be seen as one of the inalienable foundations of Albert Schweitzer’s ethical concept.
The Path of Sufi: Idea, Concept, and Meaning
Authors:   Hanyang University, Sejin Jung
Published: May 2021

Despite the obvious multifaceted nature of Sufism, three main doctrines are common to this trend: the doctrine of the Sufi way of knowing the Divine truth, trust in God and the doctrine of holiness, which contributed to the formation and widespread dissemination of the cult of saints. Universal concepts and defini­tions of the stages of the mystical path are “state” and “station”. The relationship between these concepts, their qualitative and quantitative characteristics, their hi­erarchy within the classification schemes built in the course of the centuries-old history of Sufism, do not fit into a single model due to the individual living and perception of this path by the mystic. The way is to leave your own world and enter the Divine world. The wanderer must approach the Almighty, dissolve in Him. Representations of the Way are an integral part of the seeker's mind – even if he believes that no way exists in principle.
Academic Communicationin Russian and German Scientific Societies:Formats, Norms, and Limits
Authors:   University of Tyumen, Chubarov Igor M.
Published: May 2021

The article considers representative viewpoints and arguments of German uni­versities’ faculty and management regarding some problems the present-day German Academia have been facing. The author compares these problems with challenges of the Russian higher education in the context of scientific communi­cation. The major difference between German humanities professors and their Russian counterparts is a lack of systematic communication mechanisms even within the professional community, insufficient interdisciplinary connections and a weak public role of the intellectuals. It is for this reason that Russian scholars find it difficult to get incorporated into the international knowledge market, and to insist on their field’s specific character – namely, qualitative assessment, publications in their mother tongue and publishing traditional monographies. The author outlines structural elements of successful scientific communication and regards its problems in Russia and Germany in the context of the global knowledge market, global competition and a new industrial revolution caused by the total digitalization and automatization. The article also focuses on the third mission of universities which refers to their faculty’s public activity, accessibility of their research results in the mass media, the scope of their public discussion and tangible impact on social and political institutions, industry and business. The author pays special attention to the evaluation criteria in philosophical, so­ciological and humanitarian disciplines, and to their specific nature compared to other research and education fields (i.e. IT).
Intuition versus Semantics: Problem of A priori
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pavlov-Pinus Konstantin A.
Published: May 2021

The article is an excursus to several significant episodes of history related to de­velopment of semantic and Kantian traditions of reasoning within the framework of logical positivism. It is focused on an increasing role of meaning in philoso­phy, and on a struggle of “meaning” with “intuition” for the right to be consid­ered as a key constituent of justifiable knowledge. The material is presented from Alberto Coffa’s book perspective named “Semantic tradition from Kant to Carnap” which was translated in Russian in 2019, and original version of which was published in 1991. This book is historically the first comprehensive study of the development of logical positivism. It is an indispensable source for all future research in this area.
Propuesta de modelo para diagnosticar la cultura de emprendimiento sustentable en la comunidad académica. Caso: Universidad de Cundinamarca, Seccional Ubaté, Colombia
Authors: Melo-Perdomo Sandra Milena , Orrego Crescencio , Gómez-Roldán Ignacio
Published: May 2021

Actualmente es creciente la población que reconoce la problemática de la sustentabilidad, pero el enfrentamiento del problema exige formas de pensar y actuar coherentes con los principios y valores que se deben estudiar y fortalecer en el entendido de cultura emprendedora sustentable. Por esto, el presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar la propuesta y los resultados de aplicación de un modelo para diagnosticar en la comunidad académica la cultura de emprendimiento sustentable y la apropiación de los conceptos de emprendimiento y sustentabilidad en talleres de creatividad. Es una investigación exploratoria de carácter fenomenológico y cualitativo ordinal, con muestreo por conveniencia en la comunidad educativa de la Universidad de Cundinamarca, Seccional Ubaté. Se indagó acerca de los referentes teóricos para la construcción del modelo propuesto, la implementación de taller para el desarrollo de la capacidad creativa y la aplicación de cuestionario en el inicio, en la salida y seis meses después a la población asistente. El propósito fue estimar el perfil de cultura emprendedora sustentable y verificar la fiabilidad del instrumento mediante el alfa de Cronbach. Se logró un diagnóstico del perfil de cultura emprendedora sustentable de la comunidad académica con mayor puntuación de la dimensión ambiental, la fiabilidad confirmada del instrumento —consistencia interna— y la comprobación de la apropiación del concepto de emprendimiento sustentable de asistentes al taller.
CoTECH for single-cell joint detection of transcriptome and chromatin occupancy
Authors: Luo Yingjie , Xiong Haiqing , Wang Qianhao , Yu Xianhong , He Aibin
Published: May 2021

Here we present CoTECH, a high-throughput co-aasay that measures chromatin occupancy and transcriptome in single cells. The CoTECH method adopts a combinatorial indexing strategy to enrich chromatin fragments of interest as reported in CoBATCH in combination with a modified Smart-seq2 procedure to simultaneously capture the 3’ mRNA profiles in the same single cells. The whole experimental procedure can be handled within three days.The CoTECH acquires data quality of 1000-9000 unique mapped reads (DNA partition) and 1500-4000 expressed genes (RNA partition) per cell. Experimentally linking chromatin occupancy to transcriptional outputs and inferred molecular association between multimodal omics datasets made possible by CoTECH enables reconstructions of higher dimensional epigenomic landscape, providing new insights into epigenome-centric gene regulation and cellular heterogeneity in many biological processes. This step-by-step protocol is related to the publication “Single-cell joint detection of chromatin occupancy and transcriptome enables higher-dimensional epigenomic reconstructions” in Nature Methods.
Assessing Aerobic Fitness in the Health Care Setting for Survivors of Cancer
Authors: Furth Priscilla A. , White Katherine R. , Ibrahim Zara , Lu Jana
Published: May 2021

Step tests efficiently evaluate cardiovascular fitness and can be executed in a variety of physical settings without specialized equipment [1,2,3,4]. The technique is straightforward and accessible to health care professionals. It can be applied across different special populations including survivors of cancer [5]. Survivors of cancer benefit from programs that improve cardiovascular fitness and decrease sedentary behavior, but it is recommended that individuals receive clearance from a health care professional before initiating new vigorous exercise programs. The modified 3-minute step test presented here is a protocol for health care professionals to evaluate baseline levels of cardiovascular fitness prior to an exercise prescription and can be used to follow progress on programs designed to improve cardiovascular fitness.
Pancytopenia with Severe Thrombocytopenia in Asymptomatic Malaria in Advanced Pregnancy: A Case Report
Authors: Murewanhema Grant , Musiniwa Tapuwa Carol , Chimhina Maxwell Takura , Madombi Simbarashe , Nyakanda Munyaradzi Innocent , Madziyire Mugove Gerald
Published: May 2021

BackgroundMalaria in pregnancy is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and requires early diagnosis and intervention. Plasmodium falciparum is responsible for 98% of malaria cases in Zimbabwe and causes the most severe disease. Abnormal haematological parameters are a frequent finding in patients with malaria; however, they are rarely the sole presenting feature. Case presentationWe present the case of a 32-year-old woman in her fifth pregnancy, with a history of one previous caesarean section, who presented for caesarean section and was incidentally noted to have severe thrombocytopenia. Subsequent investigations at a tertiary institution revealed a pancytopenia with thrombocytopenia as the most prominent feature in an asymptomatic patient. The unavoidable caesarean section done under platelet cover was eventful, with severe intractable haemorrhage necessitating an emergency hysterectomy. However, the patient made a full recovery with antimalarial treatment and blood product transfusions. ConclusionThis case is presented to illustrate the need to consider malaria as a differential diagnosis in pregnant patients from malaria-transmitting areas who have thrombocytopenia. Previous studies have shown that thrombocytopenia can be a predictor of malaria in patients who present with fever, and a marker of disease severity, but has no utility in prognostication and follow-up.
Performance Assessment of Dual Material Stack Gate Oxide TFET using Dielectric Pocket
Authors: Kumar Dharmender , Nigam Kaushal
Published: May 2021

This paper investigates the impact of lowK and high-K dielectric pockets on DC characteristics, analog/RF, and linearity performance of dual material stack gate oxide-tunnel field-effect transistor (DMSGODP-TFET). For this, a stack gate oxide with workfunction is considered to enhance the ON-state current (ION ), lower ambipolar current (Iamb) and lower the subthreshold swing. For this case, the gate electrode is tri-segmented, named as tunnel gate (M1), control gate (M2) and auxiliary gate (M3) with different gate lengths (L1, L2, L3) and work functions (φ1, φ2, φ3), respectively. To maintain dual-work functionality, the possible combinations of these work functions are considered. Technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulations are performed and noted that the workfunction combination (φ1 = φ3 < φ2) outperforms as compared to other combinations. Where φ1 on the source side is used to enhance the ION , while φ3 (equal to φ1) is used on the drain side to minimize the Iamb. To further enhance the device performance, a high-K dielectric pocket is considered at the drain junction to suppress the Iamb whereas, a low-K dielectric pocket is employed at the source junction to enhance the ION . Moreover, length of gate segments, dielectric pocket height, and thickness are optimized to achieve a better switching ratio, subthreshold swing (SS) and reduce the Iamb which helps in the gain of device and design of analog/RF circuits. The proposed device as compared to dual material control gate-dielectric pocket-TFET (DMCG-DP-TFET) with SiO2 gate oxide shows improvement in ION /IOF F (∼ 4.23 times), 84 % increase in transconductance (gm), 136 % increase in cut-off frequency (fT ), 126 % increase in gain bandwidth product (GBP), point subthreshold swing (15.8 mV/decade) and other significant improvements in linearity figure of merits (FOMs) making the proposed device useful for low power switching, analog/RF and linearity applications.
Enhanced Binary Genetic Algorithm as a Feature Selection to Predict Student Performance
Authors: Turabieh Hamza
Published: May 2021

Students’ performance prediction systems play a vital role in enhancing the educational performance inside universities, schools, and training centers. Big data can come from different resources such as exam centers, virtual courses, registration departments, e-learning systems, and so on. Extracting meaningful knowledge from educational data is a complex task, so, reducing the data dimensionality is needed. In this paper, we proposed an enhanced binary genetic algorithm (EBGA) as a wrapper feature selection algorithm. Novel hybrid selection mechanism based on a k-means algorithm and Electromagnetic-like mechanism (EM) method is proposed. K-means will cluster the population into a set of clusters, while EM will determine a value called a total force (TF) for each solution. Each cluster has an accumulated total force (ATF) (i.e., adding all TFs together). Selection process will select two solutions with the highest TF from the cluster, which has the highest ATF. We employed a hybrid machine learning approach between the proposed EBGA and five different classifiers (i.e., k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN), Decision Trees (DT), Naive Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA)). Two real case studies obtained from UCI Machine Learning Repository are used in this paper. Obtained results showed the ability of the proposed approach to enhance the performance of the binary genetic algorithm. Moreover, the performances of all classifiers are improved between 1% to 11%.
Impact of Highest Maximum Sustained Wind Speed and Its Duration on Storm Surges and Hydrodynamics Along Krishna-Godavari Coast
Authors: Sebastian Maneesha , Behera Manasa Ranjan
Published: May 2021

The storm surge and hydrodynamics along the Krishna-Godavari (K-G) basin are examined based on numerical experiments designed from assessing the landfalling cyclones in Bay of Bengal (BoB) over the past 38 years with respect to its highest maximum sustained wind speed and its duration. The model is validated with the observed water levels at the tide gauge stations at Visakhapatnam during Helen (2013) and Hudhud (2014). Effect of gradual and rapid intensification of cyclones on the peak water levels and depth average currents are examined and the vulnerable locations are identified. The duration of intensification of a rapidly intensifying cyclone over the continental shelf contributed to about 10-18 % increase in the peak water levels, whereas for the gradually intensifying cyclone the effect is trivial. The inclusion of the wave-setup increased the peak water levels up to 39% compared to those without wave-setup. In the deep water region, only rapidly intensifying cyclones affected the peak MWEs. Intensification over the continental slope region significantly increases the currents along the shelf region and coast. The effect on peak maximum depth averaged current extends up to 400 km from the landfall location. Thus, it is necessary to consider the effect of various combinations of the highest cyclone intensity and duration of intensification for identifying the worst scenarios for impact assessment of coastal processes and sediment transport. The study is quite useful in improving the storm surge prediction, in preparedness, risk evaluation, and vulnerability assessment of the coastal regions in the present changing climate.
Classification for Avian Malaria Parasite Plasmodium Gallinaceum Blood Stages by Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Kittichai Veerayuth , Kaewthamasorn Morakot , Thanee Suchansa , Jomtarak Rangsan , Klanboot Kamonpob , Naing Kaung , Tongloy Teerawat , Chuwongin Santhad , Boonsang Siridech
Published: May 2021

The infection of an avian malaria parasite (Plasmodium gallinaceum) in domestic chickens presents a major threat to the poultry industry because it causes economic loss in both the quality and quantity of meat and egg production. Computer-aided diagnosis has been developed to automatically identify avian malaria infections and classify the blood infection stage development. In this study, four types of deep convolutional neural networks, namely Darknet, Darknet19, Darknet19-448 and Densenet201 are used to classify P. gallinaceum blood stages. We randomly collected a dataset of 12,761 single-cell images consisting of four parasite stages from ten-infected blood films stained by Giemsa. All images were confirmed by three well-trained examiners. The study mainly compared several image classification models and used both qualitative and quantitative data for the evaluation of the proposed models. In the model-wise comparison, the four neural network models gave us high values with the mean average accuracy of at least 97%. The Darknet can reproduce a superior performance in the classification of the P. gallinaceum development stages across any other model architectures. Furthermore, the Darknet has the best performance in multiple class-wise classification, with average values of greater than 99% in accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity. It also has a low misclassification rate (< 1%) than the other three models. Therefore, the model is more suitable in the classification of P. gallinaceum blood stages. The findings could help us create a fast screening method to help non-experts in field studies where there is a lack of specialized instruments for avian malaria diagnostics.
Multimodal magnetic resonance and fluorescence imaging of the induced pluripotent stem cell transplantation in the brain
Authors: Zhang Yunchao , Wang Feifei , Tao Qing , Wang Nana , Gi Xingrui , Li Yonggang , Yu Shuang , Zhang Jingzhong
Published: May 2021

Objectives The understanding of the engrafted cell behaviors is the prerequisite to optimize cell therapy, and a multimodal imaging at both anatomical and molecular levels is designed to achieve this goal. Results We constructed a lentiviral vector carrying ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1), near-infrared fluorescent protein (iRFP) and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) via T2A linker, and established the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) culture stably expressing these three reporter genes. These iPSCs showed green and near-infrared fluorescence as well as the iron uptake capacity in vitro. After transplanted the labeled iPSCs into the rat brain, the engrafted cells could be in vivo imaged using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and near-infrared fluorescent imaging (NIF) up to 60 days at the anatomical level, moreover, these cells could be detected using EGFP immunostaining and Prussian blue stain at the cellular level. Conclusions Our study provides a novel tool to study the cellular behaviors of the transplanted cells in a multimodal way, which will be valuable for the effectiveness and safety evaluation of cell therapy.
MIMO­­­-CSRR Antenna for ISM Band Applications
Authors: kumar satish , Thangavel Gunasekaran , Ismaili Said Amer Salim Al Ismaili , Subramanian Balambigai
Published: May 2021

For the operation of 2.45GHz ISM band, a 2x2 Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna system is designed and fabricated. Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR) is used in the MIMO patch and loaded on its ground plane to miniaturize the single antenna element. The single patch antenna element of 14x18 mm2 is fixed in a board of the Designed MIMO antennae system measuring 100x50x0.8 mm3. The antenna is tested by measuring radiation pattern, gain, VSWR, mutual coupling and return loss. The results of the Designed antenna systems are in good agreement with the simulations. In comparison to a conventional microstrip antenna, the Designed antenna achieves a 75% reduction in the resonant frequency.
Outcome After Mitral Valve Repair Or Replacement For Non-Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation: A System Review And Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fan Qianqian , Li Xiaoguang , Cao Guilan , Yu Puliang , Zhang Fengxiao
Published: May 2021

Background: Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a rather common valvular heart disease. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to compare the outcomes, and complications of mitral valve replacement (MVR) with surgical mitral valve repair (MVr) of non-ischemic MR (NIMR).Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched through Oct 2020. 4834 studies were reviewed, and only 20 studies enrolling a total of 21,898 patients with NIMR were included. Eligible studies were enrolling patients with MR and reporting early (30-day or in-hospital) or late all-cause mortality. For each study, data regarding all-cause mortality and incidence of reoperation and operative complications in both groups were used to generate odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs). Results: The pooled analysis showed that lower age, rate of women and incident of hypertension, signiﬁcantly rates of diabetes and atrial ﬁbrillation in MVR group than MVr group, no signiﬁcant difference in rates of pre-operative left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) and heart failure. Subjects in MVr group is slightly less than MVR group. Replacement of MR has significantly increased risk of early and late mortality. Moreover, the rate of re-operation and post-operative MR in MVr group is lower than MVR group.Conclusions: In patients with NIMR, MVr procedure achieves higher survival and fewer complications than surgical MVR. Given these results, MVr surgery should be a priority for NIMR patients.
Influence of Body Mass Index on Mechanical Properties in People With Obesity
Authors: Usgu Serkan , Ramazanoğlu Engin , Yakut Yavuz
Published: May 2021

Background: The study was to determine influence of body mass index on muscular mechanical properties in people with obesity.Methods: A total of 300 individuals (mean age: 27.31±7.21 years) were participated. The participants were assigned in groups base on BMI classification (Group 1 (BMI=18.50-24.99 kg/m2), Group 2 (BMI=25.00-29.99 kg/m2), and Group 3 (BMI≥30 kg/m2)). The biceps brachii (BB), biceps femoris (BF) were measured bilaterally using the "MyotonPRO" device. Results: All mechanical properties of the right and left BB muscle, left BF tone and stiffness were found significantly difference between groups (p<0.05). The bilateral BB tone in Group 3 was lower than the other two groups. The right BB stiffness of Group 2 was found to be higher compared to the other two groups (p<0.05). While the right and left BB elasticity was similar in Groups 2 and 3, it was lower compared to Group 1 (p<0.05). The left BF tone and stiffness of Group 3 were found to be significantly higher than Groups 1 and 2 (p<0.05).The right BB tone showed a weak negative correlation with BMI in females, and for left side in males. A weak positive correlation was found between the right and left BB elasticity and BMI in males and females. The left-right BF tone and left BF stiffness showed a weak positive correlation in males. Conclusions: The bilateral BB tone and elasticity decreased, and the left BF stiffness increased as BMI increased. Different mechanical properties were observed in sex comparasion base on BMI clasification. The BB and BF mechanical properties were affected more in males than females.
Integrating Early Stimulation and Play at Scale: Study Protocol for “MAHAY Mikolo”, a Multi-arm Cluster-randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Galasso Emanuela , Ratsifandrihamanana Lisy , Weber Ann M. , Hemlock Caitlin , Col Mathilde , Dieci Maria , Rakotomalala Norotiana , Rambeloson Valerie , Fernald Lia C. H.
Published: May 2021

Background: Hundreds of millions of children living in poverty worldwide are not reaching their full, developmental potential. Programs to promote nurturing and responsive caregiving, such as those in which community health workers (CHWs) conduct home visits to support optimal early child development (ECD), have been effective in small trials, but have not achieved similar success at scale. This study will explore two approaches to scale-up: converting a home-visiting model to a group-based model; and integrating the ECD curriculum into an existing government program. The objectives of the study are to: 1) Measure how the integration of ECD activities affects time and task allocation of CHWs and CHW psychosocial wellbeing; 2) Examine how the integration of ECD activities affects caregiver-child dyad participation in standard health and nutrition activities; and 3) Explore how the availability of age-appropriate play materials at home affects caregiver-child dyad participation rates in a group-based ECD program.Methods: We will randomize 75 communities in rural Madagascar into three arms: 1) [C], which is the status quo (community-based health and nutrition program); 2) [T], which is C + ECD group sessions [T]; and 3) [T+], which is T with the addition of an enhanced play materials package for home use. All children between 6-30 months old at the time of the intervention launch will be eligible to participate in group activities. The intervention will last 12 months and is comprised of fortnightly group sessions in which the CHWs provide caregiver-child dyads with information relating to ECD; CHWs will also include structured time for caregivers to practice the play and child stimulation activities they have learned about. We will administer monthly surveys to measure CHW time use and task allocation, and we will leverage administrative data to measure caregiver-child dyad participation in the group sessions.Discussion: The results from the trial will provide the evidence base required to implement an integrated package of nutrition, health and ECD promotion activities at scale in Madagascar, and findings may also be relevant in other low-income countries.Trial registration: This trial has been registered on the AEA RCT Registry (AEARCTR-0004704, https://www.socialscienceregistry.org/trials/4704, registered on November 15, 2019).
Last mile deliveries with lockers: formulations and algorithms
Authors: Buzzega Giovanni , Novellani Stefano
Published: May 2021

In this paper we consider the use of lockers in parcel delivery, a recent method used in the last mile logistics. Lockers are pick up points made of several cells that are located in several points of a city where customers can collect their parcels as an alternative to home delivery. We study routing problems in which one or multiple vehicles are used to deliver parcels directly to customers or to lockers. We also study the influence of the introduction of lockers when these problems include time windows.

We propose a set of novel formulations for these problems, some valid inequalities, and a branch-and-cut algorithm. Moreover, we investigate the difference between the routing problems with lockers and the classical routing problems.
Detection and isolation of pathogenic Theileria orientalis Ikeda genotype from confined dairy cattle, in Hebei, China
Authors: Liu Junlong , Li Zhi , Liu Aihong , Wang Jinming , Guan Guiquan , Yin Hong , Luo Jianxun
Published: May 2021

Background

Theileria orientalis is a group of benign pathogenic of cattle parasites with a cosmopolitan distribution, and has been classified into 11 genotypes through MPSP gene phylogenetic analysis. In China, T. orientalis is the most prevalent Theileria species, with several genotypes, but few fatal cases have been reported. In June 2020, dairy cattle in Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, showed clinical symptoms of piroplasmosis, causing many animals to die. In the present study, we confirmed the infection of T. orientalis was responsible for the disease and isolated the T. orientalis Ikeda genotype from the field blood samples.
Methods

Fifty-one blood samples were collected from ill and recovered animal. Meanwhile, 12 samples were collected from animals without any clinical symptoms. Blood smears were prepared from blood samples and detected with microscope. Genomic DNA was extracted and tested by PCR method. The MPSP gene was sequenced from the Theileria positive samples detected by both methods, to identify the T. orientalis genotypes. Parasites were isolated by inoculate the mixed positive blood samples into the experimental cattle and identified by MPSP sequence analysis.
Results

Blood smears and PCR detection results confirmed T. orientalis infection with a 66.7% positive rate of collected blood samples. The MPSP sequences analysis revealed parasite genotypes 1 (Chitose) and 2 (Ikeda). In animal experiments, only T. orientalis genotype 2 (Ikeda) was obtained, indicating that the Ikeda type was predominant and responsible for the disease.
Conclusions

The present study firstly identified pathogenic T. orientalis Ikeda in dairy cattle in China, and isolated the parasite from experimental animal. Although many T. orientalis genotypes are present in China, the possibility of T. orientalis genotype 1 and 2 infections in confined dairy cattle should considered to avoid additional economic losses.
6G Vision and Challenges: Complexity Analysis of M-MIMO Rate-less Based System with Various Pre-Coding Schemes
Authors: El-Bendary Mohsen
Published: May 2021

Due to the expected essential role of the rate-less digital fountain codes and Massive-Multi-Input Multi-Output (M-MIMO) techniques in the 5G and 6G mobile wireless networks, this paper investigates the performance of M-MIMO enhancing system employing the Raptor code. The proposed M-MIMO-Raptor code based system has been tested over the different wireless communications channel conditions with respect to the various Frequency Doppler (FD). The various promising technologies for the beyond 5G and 6G have been presented with focusing on the advanced error control techniques. The flexible adaptive interleaved pre-code based on the channel conditions is suitable for 6G mobile wireless networks which integrates the various environments of the communications. The complexity of the advanced and fixed code rate schemes is discussed. Several computer simulation experiments are carried out for evaluating the performance of M-MIMO-rate-less code system. These experiments prove the superiority of the presented wireless rate-less system compared to the fixed rate wireless system due to the improved results of BER and the throughput values which are utilized as a performance evaluating metrics. Theoretical analysis of the M-MIMO throughput proves the enhancing of M-MIMO utilizing the rate-less Raptor code and its applicability for the next mobile wireless networks generations.
Comparative Evaluation of the Thermo Fisher TaqPath TM COVID-19 Combo Kit with the Cepheid Xpert ® Xpress SARS-CoV-2 Assay for Detecting SARS-CoV-2 in Nasopharyngeal Specimens
Authors: Granato Paul A. , Kimball Simon R. , Alkins Brenda R. , Cross Deirdre C. , Unz Melissa M.
Published: May 2021

Purpose With over 50 SARS-CoV-2 gene amplification assays that have been EUA cleared with minimal experimental validation performed, it is likely that not all of these assays are comparable in their ability to detect SARS-CoV-2 in clinical specimens. Thermo Fisher Scientific is a relatively new company in the molecular diagnostics field and the purpose of this study was to compare the performance of the Thermo Fisher TaqPath™ Combo Kit with an established test, the Cepheid Xpert® Xpress SARS-CoV-2 assay, for its ability to detect SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal specimens.Methods A total of 300 randomly selected nasopharyngeal specimens were evaluated and tested by the TaqPath and GeneXpert assays. Discordant test specimens were arbitrated by performing an alternative PCR assay and Sanger sequencing.Results The TaqPath assay had a 96.7% and 99.6% positive and negative agreement respectively when compared to the Xpert Xpress test. However, after test arbitration, the three discordant specimens were arbitrated in favor of the TaqPath assay producing a positive and negative percent agreement of 100% for the TaqPath Combo Kit while the Xpress SARS-CoV-2 assay had a positive and negative percent agreement of 98.3% and 99.2% respectively.Conclusions The TaqPath Combo Kit is a high complexity assay that compares favorably with the Xpert Xpress test and can be reliably used for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal specimens.
Plasma Metabolomic Profiling in Workers With Noise-induced Hearing Loss: A Pilot Study
Authors: Miao Long , Wang Boshen , Zhang Juan , Yin Lihong , Pu Yuepu
Published: May 2021

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) remains a leading occupational related disease and is a serious public health problem. Hence, the identification of potential biomarkers for NIHL prevention and diagnosis has become an urgent work. To discover potential metabolic biomarkers of NIHL, plasma metabolomics analysis among 62 NIHL patients and 62 controls was performed using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS). Orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model was applied to distinguish metabolite profile alterations in plasma samples between the two groups. The alterations in autophagy pathway were in accordance with previous published studies, therefore, three autophagy-related genes (PI3K, AKT and ATG5) were selected and mRNA levels were detected by RT-qPCR analysis in peripheral white blood cells (WBCs) samples. Compared to the control group, 20 identified plasma metabolites were significantly altered in NIHL patients. Meanwhile, a total of seven metabolic pathways were enriched, including glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis, autophagy, choline metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism and linoleic acid metabolism, and retrograde endocannabinoid signaling pathway. Furthermore, the results indicated that the mRNA levels of three autophagy-related genes (PI3K, AKT and ATG5) were significantly decreased in NIHL cases compared with controls. Taken together, our current study firstly provides evidence that the identified aberrantly altered metabolites might be potential biomarkers of NIHL for noise-exposed workers. In addition, autophagy pathway may be involved in the occurrence and development of NIHL.