bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
أثر الحكم البريطاني في الاقتصاد الهندي 1600_1947
Authors: محمود جبار لارا
Published: January 2025

يمثل الاستعمار البريطاني للهند في أواخر القرن الثامن عشر إلى بداية القرن العشرين الاستقلال الحقيقي للحرفين والعمال والفلاحين الهنود الذين يشكلون اقتصاد البلد عن طريق استغلال الفلاح  والأرض والسيطرة على جميع إيراداتها بسبب الضرائب المفروضة بين الحين والأخر على الفلاحين, كذلك تدمير صناعة النسيج والقطن والحرير والصناعات المنزلية الأخرى وهي إحدى صور هذا الاستعمار إضافة إلى استنزاف الثروة ونقلها بشكل كامل من الهند إلى بريطانيا والتي قدرت خلال فترة الحكم البريطاني 345ترليون دولار .
   جميع هذه الأسباب عملت على تدهور الهند واقتصادها بشكل مصطنع من قبل الامبريالية البريطانية نتيجة الإنفاق الغير الحكيم لعائدات الضرائب التي فرضت على الفلاحين . فكانت النتيجة دحض الزراعة وإجهاد الفلاح مع فشل كبير بالمصنوعات المنزلية وصناعة البلاد خرجت بذلك الشركة فائزة بالإرباح يقابلها فقر كبير ومجاعات  في اغلب  مناطق الهند.
تحضير وتشخيص معقدات من ليكندات حاوية على ذرات كبريت والمشتقة من الاحماض الامينية وتقييمها حيويا
Authors: محمد ياسين احلام
Published: January 2025

تضمن تحضير وتشخيص عدد من معقدات ثنائي ثايو كاربميت  للاحماض الامنية مع عدد من العناصر الانتقالية Ni(II) والعناصر غير الانتقالية Zn(II) ، Hg(II)، اذ استعملت الاحماض الامينية ( التايروسين و التريبتوفان ) , وقد حضرت معقدات ثنائي ثايوكاربميت مباشرة في وعاء واحد لصعوبة الحصول على الليكاند بصورة صلبة إذ تم تحضير المعقدات ذوات الصيغ العامة الآتية :

معقدات ذات الصيغة [M(Tyrodtc)2(dpph)] حيث M= Ni(II) ، Zn(II) نسبة (1:2:1) .
معقدات ذات الصيغة [M(Trp)2(dpph)] حيث M= Zn(II) ، Hg(II) نسبة (1:2:1) .

    تم التحقق من الصيغ التركيبية للمعقدات المحضرة بالطرائق الفيزياوية المعروفة مثل التوصيلية الكهربائية المولارية وقياسات الحساسية المغناطيسية والاطياف الالكترونية وطيف الاشعة تحت الحمراء .
    وقد دلت هذه قياسات المعقدات رباعية التناسق على اتخاذ شكل مربع مستوي حول ايون الفلز [M = Ni(II) ، Zn(II)] ، Hg(II) [ . كما تم دراسة المعقدات بتقنية XRD وSEM لمعرفة طبيعة معلومات حول تضاريس السطح وتكوين العينة ومن خلالها يتم معرفة حجم مكونات العينة للتأكد من انها يمكن ان تكون جسيمات نانوية .  اختبرت المعقدات المحضرة لتقييم فعاليتها الحيوية وتبين ان قسم من المعقدات اعطت فعالية عالية مثل معقدات الزئبق واخرى فعالية اقل مثل معقدات النيكل  .
مفهوم التأصيل الدلالي في دراسة المعنى عند الخازن ت (741هـ ) في تفسيره(لباب التأويل في معاني التنزيل )
Authors: عبد السادة  سرحان لطيف , علي محسن آية
Published: January 2025

يهتم البحث بتوضيح مفهوم التأصيل الدلالي لدى الخازن من خلال الوقوف على حيثيات البنية المعتمدة عنده لذلك التأصيل ، الذي يخلص منه إلى فهم النص القرآني وتفسير ألفاظه بغية الوصول إلى المعنى المراد ، إذ يجمع في ذلك  الأصول الصرفية والنحوية والاصطلاحية واللغوية ،ومنهجه في بيان ذلك يرتكز على تتبع الأصل في مستوياته المختلفة سواء أكان في بنية الكلمة أم التركيب أم الاصطلاح الديني أم المعجم ومن ثم ربطه بالمعنى المقصود في سياق النص القرآني ، وقد اقتضت طبيعة البحث أن يكون في أربعة مطالب موزعة بحسب الأصول التي قام عليها وهي : المطلب الأول : الأصل الصرفي والمطلب الثاني: الأصل التركيبي ، والمطلب الثالث :الأصل الاصطلاحي والمطلب الرابع: الأصل اللغوي ، وقد انتهت الدراسة إلى جملة من النتائج أهمها وضوح مفهوم التأصيل الدلالي لدى الخازن في التفسير واهتمامه بفكرة الأصل محاولاً ربطه بالدلالة القرآنية معتمداً الأصل اللغوي بوصفه الأساس في تأصيل المعنى .
لتحول الحيوي للبريجنينولون من خلال عمل البنسليوم أولسوني
Authors: سعود وسمي أثير
Published: January 2025

يبحث هذا العمل في استخدام فطر Penicillium olsonii في التحول الحيوي لـ pregnenolone. من أجل البحث في إنشاء مشتقات ستيرويد جديدة، تم وضع pregnenolone - وهو مقدمة حاسمة في التخليق الحيوي للهرمونات الستيرويدية - من خلال التحول الميكروبي في بيئة خاضعة للرقابة. تم استخدام كروماتوغرافيا الطبقة الرقيقة (TLC) ومطياف الكتلة (MS) لاستخراج وتحليل المستقلبات بعد حضانة Penicillium olsonii مع pregnenolone لفترات زمنية مختلفة. تم العثور على ثلاثة مستقلبات رئيسية ذات فترات احتفاظ مميزة في النتائج، مما يشير إلى أن الفطر نجح في تغيير البنية. قد يكون Penicillium olsonii قادرًا على إنتاج مواد كيميائية ستيرويدية جديدة ذات قيمة طبية، وفقًا للبحث. يلقي هذا العمل معلومات حول عملية التحول الحيوي للستيرويد بواسطة الفطريات ويؤكد على وظيفة الميكروبات في تخليق المواد النشطة بيولوجيًا.
تقنيات التعلم المتقدمة لتحسين تقسيم الدماغ بالرنين المغناطيسي في الهندسة الطبية الحيوية والتعلم الآلي
Authors: اسماعيل حامد واثق
Published: January 2025

التصوير العصبي هو أداة قوية لتشخيص الحالات العصبية، حيث يوفر مسحًا تفصيليًا للغاية لأنسجة المخ المختلفة. وهو يسمح باكتشاف التشوهات عبر مناطق مثل المادة البيضاء والمادة الرمادية والسائل النخاعي. ومع ذلك، تواجه طرق تحليل البيانات التقليدية غير الخاضعة للإشراف تحديات في تحقيق التجزئة الدقيقة بسبب عوامل مختلفة، بما في ذلك الضوضاء والقيم المتطرفة والشذوذ. يمكن أن تجعل هذه التعقيدات من الصعب التمييز بين مناطق أنسجة المخ، مما يعيق فهم الهياكل العصبية الأساسية.  - يقترح هذا البحث طرقًا قوية للتعلم غير الخاضع للإشراف وشبه الخاضع للإشراف والمجموعات لمعالجة هذه التحديات. من خلال الاستفادة من التقنيات المتطورة مثل المعلومات السياقية المكانية والمجموعات الضبابية والمجموعات الخشنة وشبه الإشراف، فإننا نعزز الفصل الخطي لمناطق أنسجة المخ المختلفة في مساحة ميزاتها الأصلية. تعالج هذه الأساليب بشكل فعال التداخل والشذوذ والمخالفات، وتوجه عملية التجميع نحو نتائج أكثر دقة.  من خلال استخدام وحدات البكسل المُسمَّاة وسياسة مُصمَّمة بعناية، يتم تحسين عملية التجميع بشكل أكبر، مما يؤدي إلى تقسيم أكثر دقة لأنسجة المخ. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، يتم استخدام تقنيات مختلفة غير خاضعة للإشراف للوصول إلى قرار إجماعي، مما يعزز موثوقية ومتانة نتائج التجميع. تهدف نتائج هذه الدراسة إلى تحسين دقة وكفاءة تقسيم أنسجة المخ بشكل كبير، مما يوفر رؤى تشخيصية أفضل. من خلال تحسين عملية التجزئة، يمكن للطرق المقترحة أن تمهد الطريق لتحليل تصوير الأعصاب الأكثر موثوقية، مع تطبيقات محتملة في كل من الإعدادات السريرية والبحثية. قد تعمل التطورات المستقبلية على تحسين هذه التقنيات
تأثير نوع ونسبة المذيب والوقت على استخلاص المركبات الفعالة من أوراق نبات الفيزاليس انجولاتا للأغراض التجريبية
Authors: إبراهيم رحمان لمى إبراهيم رحمان , ثامر عبد الحسين زينة , محمد جبار سوسن
Published: January 2025

نبات Physalis angulata AH-ZE ينتمي إلى عائلة Solanaceae (أو الباذنجانية) ومن المعروف أنه يوجد في المناطق الاستوائية وشبه الاستوائية. وقد تم تحديد هذا النبات على أنه غني بالمركبات الفينولية لخصائصه المضادة للالتهابات والبكتيريا ومضادات الأكسدة ومضادات السرطان. في هذا البحث تم استخلاص الفلافونويدات والفينولات الكلية من أوراق نبات الفيزاليس انجولاتا ودراسة عوامل الاستخلاص متمثلة بنوع المذيب (الايثانول، الميثانول، الاسيتون، الماء البارد، الماء المغلي) بتركيز (80،70،50،30،10)% للمذيبات الثلاثة الاولى، ومدة زمنية (24ـ96 ساعة): افضل تركيز لاستخلاص الفلافونويدات والفينولات الكلية من الايثانول هو(70 و80)% على التوالي، في حين كان الميثانول (70%) هو التركيز الافضل لاستخلاص الفلافونويدات والفينولات الكلية، بينما كان الاسيتون بتركيز (80%) هو الافضل لاستخلاص الفلافونويدات والفينولات الكلية، وكان افضل مدة استخلاص اعطت اعلى نسبة من الفلافونويدات والفينولات الكلية كانت 48 ساعة عند درجة حرارة 37 مئوية
The Role of International Law in United Nations Peacekeeping Operations
Authors: Lohiya Nitya
Published: January 2025

This research explores the pivotal role of international law in United Nations peacekeeping operations, emphasising its importance in guiding peacekeepers' conduct and ensuring accountability in conflict zones. Through the lens of international agreements such as the UN Charter, the Geneva Conventions, and International Humanitarian Law, the study highlights how these legal frameworks provide essential guidelines for peacekeepers, ensuring impartiality, protecting civilians, and safeguarding human rights. The paper examines how international law addresses challenges faced by peacekeepers, including political interference, unclear mandates, and the difficult balance between neutrality and the need to protect vulnerable populations. Real-life examples, such as the United Nations peacekeeping missions in Rwanda and Bosnia, are analyzed to demonstrate the impact of international law on mission effectiveness and the need for clear mandates to prevent atrocities. Ultimately, the research argues that international law is a powerful tool in enhancing the credibility, fairness, and success of peacekeeping missions, promoting peace, stability, and justice in conflict-ridden regions.
Comparative Study of Classical and Pop Music through a Text Analysis Approach
Authors: Chen Jingzhu
Published: January 2025

Adolescence listens to pop and rock music more than any other genres of music in their everyday life. Music has been shown to influence various social aspects of adolescence socialization process, including self and social identity. In this study, I analyzed representative samples of both pop and classical music lyrics to shed lights on the cultural changes in the sentiment, lexical diversity, topics, and moral values across centuries. Through this comparison, is it found that sentiment has become more negative and aroused, the languages used simpler, topics more frequently mentioning money, sex, and violence, and the moral values reflecting less care, loyal, and sanctity. Further investigation is needed to reveal the consequences of this shift to today’s adolescence’s mental health and behavior patterns.
A cross-cultural and developmental investigation of the association between color and temperature
Authors: Koura Sow Ndeye Meissa , Rattanakasamsuk Kitirochna , Griber Yulia A. , Saksirikosol Chanida , Phuangsuwan Chanprapha , Shamohammadi Mina , Maehara Kazumitsu , Hiramatsu Chihiro
Published: January 2025

The perception of colors involves many contexts in which human beings develop connections. Colors and temperatures are seemingly unrelated concepts, yet our brains have created ways of linking them. According to the literature, primarily from Western cultures, colors such as red and yellow are typically associated with warmth, whereas blue is associated with coolness. However, the universality, cultural specificity, and developmental trajectory of this association remain poorly understood. To explore whether the association between color and temperature is a phenomenon limited to certain cultures or a collectively shared mechanism among many cultures, we conducted an online survey using a set of 20 colors comprising five hues and four tones. Children and adults from various regions of the world were asked to choose a color that felt warmer during pairwise comparisons. The results demonstrate universality in hues and cultural specificity, particularly in tones (lightness and saturation elements of colors). In addition, age-specific comparisons between cultures revealed different trajectories of this association during development, highlighting cultural influences.
Mitigating Cybersickness in Virtual Reality: Impact of Eye–Hand Coordination Tasks, Immersion, and Gaming Skills
Authors: Papaefthymiou Sokratis , Giannakopoulos Anastasios , Roussos Petros , Kourtesis Panagiotis
Published: January 2025

Cybersickness remains a significant challenge for virtual reality (VR) applications, particularly in highly immersive environments. This study examined the effects of immersion, task performance, and individual differences on cybersickness symptoms across multiple stages of VR exposure. Forty-seven participants aged 18–45 completed a within-subjects design that involved the Cybersickness in Virtual Reality Questionnaire (CSQ-VR) and the Deary–Liewald Reaction Time (DLRT) task. Cybersickness symptoms were assessed across four stages: before and after VR immersion, and before and after a 12 min rollercoaster ride designed to induce cybersickness. The results showed significant increases in symptoms following the rollercoaster ride, with partial recovery during the post-ride tasks. Eye–hand coordination tasks, performed after the ride and VR immersion, mitigated nausea, as well as vestibular, and oculomotor symptoms, suggesting that task engagement plays a key role in alleviating cybersickness. The key predictors of symptom severity included a susceptibility to motion sickness and gaming experience, particularly proficiency in first-person shooter (FPS) games, which was associated with a reduced cybersickness intensity. While task engagement reduced symptoms in the later stages, particularly nausea and vestibular discomfort, overall cybersickness levels remained elevated post-immersion. These findings underscore the importance of task timing, individual differences, and immersive experience design in developing strategies to mitigate cybersickness and enhance user experiences in VR environments.
Cybersickness in Virtual Reality: The Role of Individual Differences, Its Effects on Cognitive Functions and Motor Skills, and Intensity Differences during and after Immersion
Authors: Kourtesis Panagiotis , Papadopoulou Agapi , Roussos Petros
Published: January 2025

first_pagesettingsOrder Article ReprintsOpen AccessArticleCybersickness in Virtual Reality: The Role of Individual Differences, Its Effects on Cognitive Functions and Motor Skills, and Intensity Differences during and after Immersionby Panagiotis Kourtesis 1,2,3,*ORCID,Agapi Papadopoulou 1 andPetros Roussos 1ORCID1Department of Psychology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece2Department of Psychology, The American College of Greece, 15342 Athens, Greece3Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9YL Edinburgh, UK*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.Virtual Worlds 2024, 3(1), 62-93; https://doi.org/10.3390/virtualworlds3010004Submission received: 26 October 2023 / Revised: 9 January 2024 / Accepted: 26 January 2024 / Published: 2 February 2024Downloadkeyboard_arrow_down Browse Figures Versions NotesAbstractBackground: Given that VR is used in multiple domains, understanding the effects of cybersickness on human cognition and motor skills and the factors contributing to cybersickness is becoming increasing important. This study aimed to explore the predictors of cybersickness and its interplay with cognitive and motor skills. Methods: 30 participants, 20–45 years old, completed the MSSQ and the CSQ-VR, and were immersed in VR. During immersion, they were exposed to a roller coaster ride. Before and after the ride, participants responded to the CSQ-VR and performed VR-based cognitive and psychomotor tasks. After the VR session, participants completed the CSQ-VR again. Results: Motion sickness susceptibility, during adulthood, was the most prominent predictor of cybersickness. Pupil dilation emerged as a significant predictor of cybersickness. Experience with videogaming was a significant predictor of cybersickness and cognitive/motor functions. Cybersickness negatively affected visuospatial working memory and psychomotor skills. Overall the intensity of cybersickness’s nausea and vestibular symptoms significantly decreased after removing the VR headset. Conclusions: In order of importance, motion sickness susceptibility and gaming experience are significant predictors of cybersickness. Pupil dilation appears to be a cybersickness biomarker. Cybersickness affects visuospatial working memory and psychomotor skills. Concerning user experience, cybersickness and its effects on performance should be examined during and not after immersion.
Effects of pre-sleep arousal and difficulty falling asleep on bedtime procrastination: a longitudinal study.
Authors: Miyagawa Shion , Maeda Shunta
Published: January 2025

Objective: Bedtime procrastination describes going to bed later than intended, leading to sleep deprivation. Although difficulty falling asleep and pre-sleep arousal is assumed to cause bedtime procrastination, the relationship has not been directly examined. In this study, we examined whether difficulty falling asleep and pre-sleep arousal lead to bedtime procrastination.Methods: We conducted a longitudinal survey, administered three times at 1-month intervals, among participants aged 18–65 years; 1,102 participants were included in the final analysis. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire that included bedtime procrastination, difficulty falling asleep, and pre-sleep arousal measures. The random intercept cross-lagged panel model was used to test the hypothesis that difficulty falling asleep and pre-sleep arousal increased bedtime procrastination. Results: No significant cross-lagged path was observed from difficulty falling asleep to bedtime procrastination, and a significant positive path from pre-sleep arousal to bedtime procrastination was observed between Times 2 and 3.Conclusion: Although difficulty falling asleep did not lead to bedtime procrastination, pre-sleep arousal partially led to bedtime procrastination. We examined the association between pre-sleep arousal and bedtime procrastination using a more rigorous method than that in previous studies, implying that decreasing pre-sleep arousal is effective in relieving bedtime procrastination.
Video Game Skills across Diverse Genres and Cognitive Functioning in Early Adulthood: Verbal and Visuospatial Short-Term and Working Memory, Hand–Eye Coordination, and Empathy
Authors: Zioga Triantafyllia , Ferentinos Aristotelis , Konsolaki Eleni , Nega Chrysanthi , Kourtesis Panagiotis
Published: January 2025

The cognitive and affective impacts of video games are subjects of ongoing debate, with recent research recognizing their potential benefits. This study employs the Gaming Skill Questionnaire (GSQ) to evaluate participants’ gaming skills across six genres and overall proficiency. A total of 88 individuals aged 20–40 participated, completing assessments of empathy and six cognitive abilities: verbal short-term memory, verbal working memory, visuospatial short-term memory, visuospatial working memory, psychomotor speed (hand–eye coordination), and attention. Participants’ cognitive abilities were examined using the Digit Span Test, Corsi Block Test, and Deary–Liewald Reaction Time Task, while empathy was assessed using the Empathy Quotient Questionnaire. Findings indicate that higher levels of videogaming proficiency are linked to improvements in visuospatial short-term and working memory, psychomotor speed, and attention. Specific genres enhanced particular skills: RPGs were positively associated with both verbal working memory and visuospatial short-term memory, but were negatively associated with empathy; action games improved psychomotor speed and attention; and puzzle games showed a positive relationship with visuospatial working memory. These results add to ongoing research on the cognitive and affective effects of video games, suggesting their potential to enhance specific cognitive functions. They also highlight the complex relationship between video games and empathy. Future research should explore the long-term impacts and genre-specific effects.
“Meat eaters are seen as inferior and lowercaste”: caste, religion, and the climate crisis in promoting plant-based diet in India
Authors: Sambaraju Rahul , Saxena Isha
Published: January 2025

Research has largely examined how climate change is seen to have an impact on eating practices, namely the promotion of a vegetarian diet in the Euro-American and other WEIRD contexts. Here, we examine these issues in India, where championing vegetarianism closely intersects with casteism. Social psychologists have argued that preference for a meat or plant-only diet is negotiated in the face of concerns over animal harm. We then examine another dilemma where promoting vegetarianism is seen as advocating for marginalization and oppression of caste groups. Using discursive and rhetorical psychology we examined interactions on Reddit where promoting vegetarianism was challenged for its casteism, creating a dilemma. Findings show that, first, users constructed and negotiated the uniqueness of the Indian context for promoting vegetarianism, and second, those promoting vegetarianism did not consider casteism as problematic and endorsed the marginalization of meat-eaters. Users’ constructions of the context were made in ways to negotiate responsibility for the climate crisis in challenging the imposition of vegetarianism. The findings then show that the salience of context in which specific forms of diet are promoted as a response to the climate crisis is central to how these forms of promotion are taken-up. These findings are discussed in relation to research on promoting vegetarianism and management of prejudice in contemporary social psychology.
Analyse des Explications Causales Naïves et des Stratégies de Prévention des Contaminations à la Covid-19 Pendant la Crise Sanitaire
Authors: Boua Mohamed , WASSOUO Emmanuel , Etoundi Jean Claude , Tchagnéno Charles L. , NOSSI Alain TAGNE , Kubiszewski Violaine , Lheureux Florent , Messanga Gustave Adolphe , Ngueutsa Robert
Published: January 2025

Cette étude analyse les explications causales spontanées des contaminations à la Covid-19 fournies par la population générale et la nature des facteurs favorisant ou empêchant ces contaminations, sur la période de mai à août 2020. Un total de 450 participants résidant en France et au Cameroun ont été invités à répondre à une question ouverte portant sur l’explication causale des contaminations, notamment les facteurs susceptibles de les empêcher ou de les favoriser. Les discours des participants ont fait l’objet d’une analyse thématique mixte (déductive et inductive). Les résultats de l'analyse déductive révèlent une proportion significativement plus élevée d'explications externes des contaminations (comportements inadaptés d’autrui, mesures gouvernementales inadéquates, manque de contrôle et laxisme dans l’application des mesures, environnement propice à la contamination) par rapport aux explications internes (non-respect des mesures barrières par soi, sous-estimation du risque pour soi). L'analyse inductive confirme cette tendance à privilégier les causes externes pour expliquer les contaminations, comparativement aux causes internes. Les explications externes sont prédominantes en tant que facteurs aussi bien favorisant qu’empêchant les contaminations. En outre, lorsque les participants identifient un facteur comme une cause de contamination, ils ont tendance à proposer une mesure de prévention ciblant cette cause. Ces résultats sont discutés à la lumière de l’approche de l’explication causale naïve de l’accident et de la théorie des systèmes de pensées. Ils suggèrent de prendre en compte le niveau d'implication personnelle des individus dans la conception des messages et des dispositifs transparents et cohérents avec les croyances causales de la population lors des campagnes de prévention.
A Cognitive Scientist's guide to Machine Consciousness
Authors: Palminteri Stefano , Wu Charley M
Published: January 2025

Large Language Models (LLMs) have rapidly become a central topic in AI and cognitive science, due to their unprecedented performance in a vast array of tasks. Indeed, some even see 'sparks of artificial general intelligence' in their apparently boundless faculty for conversation and reasoning, Their sophisticated emergent faculties, which were not initially anticipated by their designers, has ignited an urgent debate about whether and under which circumstances we should attribute consciousness to artificial entities in general and LLMs in particular. The current consensus, rooted in computational functionalism, proposes that consciousness should be ascribed based on a principle of computational equivalence. The objective of this opinion piece is to criticize this current approach and argue in favor of an alternative “behavioral inference principle”. We believe that a behavioral inference principle will provide an epistemologically unbiased and operationalizable criterion to assess machine consciousness.
Inspired by Juslin: A New Model to Snapshot Music Stimuli’s Functionalities in Music Emotion Research
Authors: Chen Jingzhu
Published: January 2025

Since the turn of the 20th century, empirical studies using music stimuli to test key theories in music affects have mushroomed, in which selecting or designing music stimuli became a common practice. However, the majority of the studies didn’t justify the selecting methods of the music stimuli within a consistent framework. More than half of the research rely on a modest amount of familiar music stimuli from the past, targeting a narrow range of discrete emotions, raising concerns on comparability, and reproducibility across studies. In this article, I designed a novel diagrammatic method named Abstraction-Measure Diagram (AMD), inspired by Juslin's ICINAS-BRECVEMAC framework to address the current issues. I also illustrated how to draw AMD with understudied affects in previous research and recommended a few selected repertoire as new music stimuli. The goal is to initiate a study of “musi-metrics” (which I term) for music stimuli best practice aiming to promote consistency, comparability, and reproducibility in the field, and enhance research rigor for the future. An additional wish through this article is to raise more awareness for the timeless aesthetic legacy throughout music history.
When do pragmatic abilities peak? APACS-Fr psychometric properties across the life-span
Authors: Petit Nicolas , Mengarelli Flavia , Cassar Marie-Maude Geoffray , Arcara Giorgio , Bambini Valentina
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This study aims 1) to assess the psychometric properties of the APACS-Fr, a comprehensive test of pragmatic abilities for French speaking adolescents and adults, and 2) to use it to study lifespan variations in pragmatic abilities, to determine when pragmatic abilities peak. Methods: The APACS-Fr was adapted from the original Italian APACS and then used in a cross-sectional design to assess the pragmatic abilities of 184 participants with no known disorder, aged between 14 and 88 years old. The psychometric properties of the test were analyzed from these data and age effects were assessed through LOESS regression and multiple linear regressions. Results: The APACS-Fr was characterized by a good overall internal consistency, a good to excellent inter-rater reliability and a good structural validity with a unifactorial structure. Age analysis revealed that accuracy consistently improves between 14 and approximately 25-30 years old. A decline in performance was also visible in some tasks after 70 years-old. Multiple regressions revealed that SES was an additional supporting factor on most tasks; in contrast, gender never resulted as a relevant predictor of performance. Conclusions: Pragmatic alibies keep improving during late adolescence and early adulthood, before reaching a plateau around 25-30 years old, and they may decline after 70 years old. Taking this pattern into account should make research as well as clinical practice with adolescents and adults more accurate. The APACS-Fr embraces such a life-span perspective. Thanks to its good psychometric properties, this freely distributed tool appears suitable to assess pragmatic abilities in French speaking adolescents and adults.
Developmental Origins of Cultural Differences in Audiovisual Speech Integration: Evidence from Canadian and Chinese Infants
Authors: Yan Linlin , Liu Xinyang , Hu Shuaike , Liu Shaoying , Krasotkina Anna , Xiao Naiqi G
Published: January 2025

This study investigated the early development of cultural variations in audiovisual speech perception in infancy. Focusing on the McGurk effect, we examined the audiovisual speech integration in 6- to 12-month-old infants from Canadian (N = 55) and Chinese (N = 80) cultural contexts. Infants were presented with auditory syllables paired with videos of a female face articulating syllables in a "moving-still-moving-still" pattern, designed to elicit alternating auditory percepts should the integration occurred. We recorded infants’ looking time to index their auditory perception and found robust audiovisual integration in Canadian infants from 6 months. By contrast, Chinese infants exhibited a more protracted developmental pattern, showing developmental changes in integration capacity over the same age range. Experiment 2 further demonstrated that the presentation of other-race faces differentially impacted the integration performance across cultures. These findings coincided with notable differences in caregiving practices, where Canadian infants predominantly experienced nuclear family care, whereas Chinese infants received more extended family care. These findings suggest that cultural variations in audiovisual integration emerge early in infancy and may be influenced by early social experiences, particularly caregiving styles. The observed divergence aligns with previous research on older populations, indicating that cultural differences in audiovisual speech perception manifest early and persist into adulthood. This study highlights the importance of cultural context in understanding the development of multisensory speech perception, with implications for theories of language acquisition, early identification of atypical development, and the design of culturally sensitive language education programs.
Validation of the Gaming Skills Questionnaire in Adolescence: Effects of Gaming Skills on Cognitive and Affective Functioning
Authors: Zioga Triantafyllia , Nega Chrysanthi , Roussos Petros , Kourtesis Panagiotis
Published: January 2025

Given the widespread popularity of videogames, research attempted to assess their effects on cognitive and affective abilities, especially in children and adolescents. Despite numerous correlational studies, robust evidence on the causal relationship between videogames and cognition remains scarce, hindered by the absence of a comprehensive assessment tool for gaming skills across various genres. In a sample of 347 adolescents, this study aimed to develop and validate the Gaming Skill Questionnaire (GSQ) and assess the impact of gaming skills in six different genres (sport, first-person shooters, role-playing games, action-adventure, strategy, and puzzle games) on cognitive and affective abilities of adolescents. The GSQ exhibited strong reliability and validity, highlighting its potential as a valuable tool. Gaming skills positively affected executive function, memory, overall cognition, cognitive flexibility, and emotion recognition, except for empathy. Various game genres had different effects on cognitive and affective abilities, with verbal fluency influenced mainly by sports, executive functions by action, strategy, and puzzle, and emotion recognition positively impacted by action and puzzle but negatively by sports and strategy games. Both age and gaming skills influenced cognitive flexibility, with gaming having a greater effect. These intriguing genre-specific effects on cognitive and affective functioning postulate further research with GSQ’s contribution.
Ethik und Barrierefreiheit
Authors: Blumesberger Susanne
Published: January 2025

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Vorbereitungen für eine Berufsethik für die Vereinigung österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare
Authors: Fiala Sonja
Published: January 2025

In den folgenden Beiträgen wird die Arbeitsgruppe Informationsethik der VÖB vorgestellt und die Umfrage zur Vorbereitung einer Berufsethik für die Vereinigung österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare, die im Frühjahr 2024 durchgeführt wurde, beschrieben. Die Arbeitsgruppe hat im Sommer 2024 einen Entwurf für den Ethikkodex erarbeitet.
Wozu braucht man einen Ethikkodex?
Authors: Fritzsche Gabriel
Published: January 2025

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Zusammenfassung der freien Antworten des Fragebogens zum VÖB-Ethikkodex
Authors: Kramreither Birgit
Published: January 2025

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Statistische Auswertung der Umfrage zur Vorbereitung einer Berufsethik
Authors: Katzlinger Maria
Published: January 2025

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Informationsethik – Aus der Sicht eines Studenten des ULGs
Authors: Zöscher David Maximilian
Published: January 2025

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Entwurf des Ethikkodex der Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare
Authors: Informationsethik VÖB-Arbeitsgruppe
Published: January 2025

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مراجعة كتاب: معنى الحياة في العالم الحديث لعبد الله بن عبد الرحمن الوهيبي
Authors: حسين محمد
Published: January 2025

عنوان الكتاب: معنى الحياة في العالم الحديث.
المؤلف: عبد الله بن عبد الرحمن الوهيبي.
الناشر وتاريخ النشر: ابن النديم للنشر والتوزيع؛ دار الروافد الثقافية-ناشرون، 2024.
عدد الصفحات: 454 صفحة.
Land degradation in macroregions of the world and their main causes in Africa
Authors:   Institute of Africa of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Gavrilova Nina G. , Mukhametzyanov Rafail R. ,   Russian State Agrarian University - MSHA named after K.A. Timiryazev, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2025

One of the negative trends observed in recent decades is the degradation and withdrawal of agricultural lands from circulation and a decrease in their fertility. These processes occur to varying degrees in different macroregions of the world, but their consequences may be most negative for Africa. This is due to the specifics of agricultural production in the countries of this continent. The authors examined in more detail the factors and causes of land degradation, primarily agricultural ones, using the example of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We found that in many countries in this macroregion, unsustainable methods are used in the production of products of plant and animal origin, causing negative consequences for soil cover and biodiversity. In particular, among them are the uncontrolled expansion of arable and pasture areas to the detriment of forest lands and without taking into account the properties of soils, suboptimal use of fertilizers, outdated fallow farming and transhumance. In the article, the authors consider some measures that will help SSA countries slow down the processes of land degradation.
The possibilities of ensuring the collective food security of the Union State
Authors:   Federal Research Center for Agrarian Economics and Social Development of Rural Areas – VNIIESH, Moscow, Russia, Altukhov Anatoly I. , Prohorenko Oksana S. ,   Federal Research Center for Agrarian Economics and Social Development of Rural Areas – VNIIESH, Moscow, Russia, Kamenetskaya Olga V. ,   Federal Research Center for Agrarian Economics and Social Development of Rural Areas – VNIIESH, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2025

The strategic partnership and the development of comprehensive cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus are conditioned by the geographical and cultural-historical proximity of the two countries and peoples, the mutual complementarity of economies, and close cooperation ties between Belarusian and Russian companies. The impact of global challenges related to the changing geopolitical landscape and ensuring food security in the face of international sanctions, lead to the search for new solutions to ensure sustainable economic growth of the agro-industrial complex of the Union State. The joint development of the Food Security Strategy of the Union State (hereinafter referred to as the SG), as a system of coordinated measures aimed at the balanced development of the agri–food complex of the SG, taking into account the contribution of each participating country, will determine the main directions of maximum integration of domestic agro-industrial complex and joint vectors of development of the unified agrarian policy of the Union State. The article considers the main directions of integration cooperation between Russia and Belarus in the context of ensuring collective food security in modern conditions.
Current issues of agroholding management under sanctions
Authors:   National Research Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogarev, Saransk, Russia, Guskova Nadezhda D. , Palkina Yulia R. ,   National Research Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogarev, Saransk, Russia, Palkin Valery A. ,   National Research Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogarev, Saransk, Russia
Published: January 2025

The application of harsh sanctions against Russia by “unfriendly” countries had a negative impact on various sectors of the national economy, including the agro-industrial complex (AIC). These restrictions have affected various segments of the sector, both small and large enterprises operating in it. The purpose of this article is to analyze the consequences of the impact of sanctions on the activities of Russian agricultural holdings, the processes of making management decisions in them, aimed at identifying the positive aspects of this impact, as well as identifying problems that require resolution. The article examines the impact of sanctions on the activities of a large agro-industrial holding company with a full production cycle - GC «Talina» and its various directions: meat processing, crop production, feed production, animal husbandry. Positive and negative consequences of this impact have been identified. The strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the agricultural holding under study, trends and prospects for its development are analyzed. The stimulating role of sanctions measures for the agricultural holding to increase its production, open new lines of business, and introduce new technologies was noted.
On the importance of developing the roughage market to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
Authors:   A.A. Nikonov’s VIAPI is a branch of Federal Scientific Center of Agrarian Economy and Social Development of Rural Areas – VNIIESH, Moscow, Russia, Saraykin Valery A.
Published: January 2025

One of the working solutions to the problem of reducing methane emissions by ruminants is to increase the concentration of exchange energy in roughage by harvesting grass at earlier stages of development. According to estimates, the digestibility of feed harvested at this period by ruminants is much higher due to a decrease in the specific gravity of fiber, which significantly reduces the loss of exchange energy in the feed and contributes to an increase in animal productivity. However, despite the fact that the technical and technological implementation of harvesting work is not considered difficult, the proposed recommendations have not yet found wide application in our country. The reason for this is the economic problems that arise in cases of shortfalls in the grass harvest during early harvesting and the difficulty of eliminating them by purchasing. This leads to an increase in the cost of production, and the expected benefits may not cover the losses incurred. The article shows that, despite the fact that the transition to harvesting grass in the early stages of their development during the preparation of roughage improves their quality and contributes to the growth of productivity and the reduction of methane emissions, farm managers reasonably adhere to a strategy in which the risk of not receiving roughage will always be minimal. One of the ways out of this situation will be the development of a domestic roughage market.
Features and possibilities of providing the population with food in a region with extreme natural and climatic conditions
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Kolesnyak Antonina A. , Polyanskaya Natalya M. ,   Banzarov Buryat State University, Ulan-Ude, Russia, Koval Anatoly N. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Published: January 2025

The problem of regional food supply is particularly acute in regions with extreme natural conditions, which, coupled with the peculiarities of socio-economic development, do not allow the population to fully provide food At the same time, in harsh natural and climatic conditions, in order to ensure healthy life, the population needs food with increased energy and nutritional value, especially due to protein of animal origin. at the expense of local production, which negatively affects the availability of food. In a number of Russian regions, local production is a determining factor in the physical availability of food, along with its import. Due to the implementation of the target state program in the studied region – the Republic of Buryatia – over the past three years, the production of meat in slaughter weight has increased by 13%, but the production of milk and eggs has decreased. The formation of livestock production resources is problematic. For an effective solution to the food issue, the authors substantiate the need for advanced development of pasture cattle breeding with restraining growth rates of precocious, but resource-intensive industries – pig and poultry farming. The medium-term forecast of the need for basic food products, compiled under conditions of uncertainty, showed that in Buryatia, the need for most basic food products will remain in volumes that are noticeably higher than the parameters of their local production. This means that for the uninterrupted import of missing products, it is extremely important to optimize existing interregional food links, develop infrastructure and food chains. The forecast parameters of the financing of the state program are also presented, taking into account the actual conditions.
The impact of labor migration processes and professional training of external specialists on the efficiency of AIC enterprises
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Lugansk State University named after Vladimir Dahl», Lugansk, Russia, Bondarchuk Alina V. , Shmeleva Anna V. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «State University of Education», Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2025

In the current conditions, enterprises of the agro-industrial complex are facing new challenges in the field of providing labor resources. The study is devoted to the analysis of the impact of migration processes on the efficiency of the AIC enterprises. Official statistics data for 2011-2024 were used. The results of the study indicate that there is a close relationship between the scale of labor migration and indicators of labor productivity, profitability and financial stability of agricultural enterprises. It has been revealed that the influx of foreign labor contributes to overcoming the shortage of labor resources, but can deter investments in labor-saving technologies and create risks of excessive dependence on external sources of labor. The theoretical significance of the work lies in the development of a methodology for studying the relationship between migration processes and the effectiveness of enterprises in the real sector of the economy. The results obtained can be used in the development of personnel programs for the sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex and the processing complex. It is advisable to focus further research on modeling the long-term effects of labor migration, taking into account industry and regional specifics. The study also addresses the issues of attracting and integrating migrant workers in the new subjects of the Russian Federation – the DPR, LPR, Zaporizhia and Kherson regions. The features of adaptation and training of foreign labor in the conditions of economic recovery in these regions are considered. The key problems are identified and mechanisms for improving the efficiency of using migrant labor in the agro-industrial complex in new territories are proposed.
Assessment of the economic and physical accessibility of food (using the example of a chicken egg)
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod State Agrotechnological University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Ozeryanik Maria E. , Khrestina Svetlana F. ,   Nizhny Novgorod State Agrotechnological University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Navdaeva Svetlana N. ,   Nizhny Novgorod State Agrotechnological University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
Published: January 2025

The problem of food availability in the world is particularly relevant. To assess the availability of food, a food security index is calculated, including the level of availability and consumption of food, the availability and sufficiency of food, the level of quality and safety of food. These categories include 68 different indicators. Russia ranks 43rd out of 113 countries in the World Food Security Index, which indicates the severity of the problem. In solving the problem of food availability, chicken eggs are given special importance, since they are the cheapest type of animal protein. Based on statistical data, the article examines and analyzes trends and factors in the development of the chicken egg food market, analyzes the level of physical and economic accessibility of eggs.
Oratorical Principles of Educating Youth Audiences in the Turkic Worldview
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University,, Malikova A.M.
Published: January 2025

This article will make a pioneering attempt to perform a scientific analysis of the Turkic worldview in the context of oratory principles of educating youth audiences. We will analyze cultural upbringing attitudes and principles through the prism of the historical aspect. We consider it necessary to make a brief overview of the historical and logical background of the Eastern Muslim culture. History testifies that social, economic, polit-ical, and cultural life of Turkic peoples has been closely intertwined since ancient times. It goes without say-ing that the Eastern Muslim culture was nourished by the roots of the spiritual and cultural heritage of the an-cient Turkic peoples. Every year more and more researchers are attracted to historical, social and political, philosophical, cultural and moral, literary and poetic, didactic, linguistic, pedagogical, and psychological as-pects of the cultural heritage. It is the first time when the essence of the phenomenon of the Turkic-speaking cultural heritage expressed in the oratorical word as well as its cultural principles and attitudes become the object of cultural analysis. When analyzing the eastern peoples’ standard of speech, literature, social life, ar-chitecture, and cultural aspects, we discover their similarities. If we look at the common ground of the Turkic society, i.e. the ancient Turkic culture and the art of speech in the context of Eastern culture, we easily reveal their shared historical roots. As evidence, archeological studies at hundreds of sites and settlements within the territory of modern Kazakhstan show cultural similarities with the eastern countries.
The Values of Islamic Education for Building Tolerance in the Jombang Community: A Qualitative Study of the Role of Religious Harmony Forum
Authors: Abidin Achmad Anwar , Fatawi Izzul , Kausar Shakila
Published: January 2025

The people of Jombang have proven their ability to coexist peacefully despite significant differences. However, with the emergence of increasing global challenges such as radicalism and intolerance, it is important to strengthen the foundations of tolerance through education. The integration of Islamic educational values has the potential to be an effective solution to face this challenge. This research aims to explore how the values of Islamic education can be integrated into the life of the people of Jombang and how it can strengthen tolerant behavior. This research was conducted in Jombang Regency, East Java Province, with the research subject of the Jombang Regency Religious Harmony Forum (FKUB) consisting of 17 interfaith and group figures. The research method used is qualitative research with an ethnographic approach. The integration of Islamic educational values in the life of the people of Jombang goes through four stages of process, namely, ta'aruf (knowing each other), tafahum (understanding each other), ta'awun (helping each other), and takafful (mutual guarantee), which is hierarchical. In addition, one important process covers the four stages, namely the ta'alum (mutual learning) process, which is carried out simultaneously with the four stages. From this study, it can be proven that the integration of Islamic educational values carried out by FKUB Jombang Regency has strengthened tolerant behavior, strengthened social bonds, and encouraged better community cohesion in the Jombang community.