bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Az önbevalláson alapuló testtömegindex használatának tapasztalatai: OTÁP adatok elemzése
Authors: Bálint Lajos , Boros Julianna , Bakacs Márta
Published: January 2020

Költséghatékonysága, az adatgyűjtés egyszerűsége miatt az önbevalláson alapuló testtömeg- és testmagasságadatokat gyakran használják a népesség testtömegindexének, mint az elhízás legfontosabb indikátorának meghatározására. A tanulmány az önbevalláson alapuló testtömegindex-adatok validitását vizsgálja a felnőtt magyar népességre vonatkozó 2014-es Országos Táplálkozás és Tápláltsági Állapot Vizsgálat (OTÁP) alapján. Dacára annak, hogy a mért és az önbevallott testtömegindex egymással rendkívül erősen korrelált, az előjeles rangpróba a két mérési módszer szignifikáns különbségét jelezte. Az önbevallásos adatok torzításának különböző összetevőit sikerült megállapítanunk. Az alacsony testtömegűek hajlamosak voltak felülbecsülni testtömegindex értéküket, az elhízottak alulbecsülték azt. A mért és a bevallott értékek különbségére vonatkozóan a hagyományos szociodemográfiai változók közül csak a családi állapot és a nem szerepe volt kimutatható, a férfiakra vonatkozó modellek esetében a családi állapot sem bizonyult szignifikánsnak. A mért és az önbevallásból származó testtömegindex csoportoknak a diabétesz megbetegedésre gyakorolt hatásai nem tértek el egymástól szignifikánsan.
KIRSAL YA DA KENTSEL BÖLGELERDE EVLİLİK: EVLİLİK DOYUMU VE ERKEN DÖNEM UYUM BOZUCU ŞEMALAR ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: PEHLİVANLI Esra , İKİZER Gözde
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı
yaşanılan yerin ve erken dönem uyum bozucu şemaların evli bireylerin evlilik
doyumu üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Çalışmanın örneklemi, 120’si kırsal ve
168’si kentsel bölgelerde yaşayan 268 evli bireyden (134 kadın ve 134 erkekten)
oluşmuştur. Katılımcılara, sırasıyla Young Şema Ölçeği-Kısa Form 3, Çift Uyum
Ölçeği ve demografik bilgi formu uygulanmıştır. Bulgular, kırdaki evli
bireylerin evlilik doyumu düzeyinin kentte yaşayanlara kıyasla daha yüksek olduğunu
göstermiştir. Bazı şema boyutlarında kırdaki katılımcıların puanlarının daha
yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, kırda ve kentte yaşayanlarda evlilik
doyumunu farklı erken dönem uyum bozucu şemaların yordadığı görülmüştür. Evli
bireyler ve / veya çiftler ile çalışan ruh sağlığı uzmanlarının, bu bireylerin
evlilik doyumunun kırsal ya da kentsel bölgelerde farklı değişkenlerden
etkilenebileceğini göz önünde bulundurmaları önemli görünmektedir.
Multidrug-Resistance Genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Wound Infections in a Tertiary Health Institution in Osogbo, Nigeria
Authors: Akinloye Ajibola O. , Adefioye Jose O. , Adekunle Catherine O. , Anomneze Benjamin U. , Makanjuola Olufunmilola B. , Onaolapo Olakunle J. , Onaolapo Adejoke Y. , Olowe Olugbenga A.
Published: January 2020

Background:

Multidrug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRPA) is a ubiquitous
opportunistic organism that poses threat to the management of infections globally.

Objectives:

The objectives of the current research were to assess the antibiotic resistance profiles
as well as Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) Index of clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa associated
with wound infections. Presence of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase genes (bla CTX-M,
bla SHV and bla TEM) and Carbapenemase genes (bla KPC and blaNDM) were also determined
among the isolates.

Methods:

Swab samples were collected from 255 patients with wound infections. Bacterial identification
was done by standard diagnostic tests. The identity of isolates was confirmed by the detection
of the exoA gene using the PCR technique. Antibiotic susceptibility testing and resistance
profile were determined using the disc diffusion method. Resistance genes were amplified by the
PCR method.

Results:

A total of 235 (92.2%) bacterial isolates were recovered from the wounds of the 255 patients,
of these, 124 (52.8%) were Gram-negative bacilli while the remaining 111 (47.2%) were
Gram-positive cocci. A total of 69 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were recovered from the
wound specimens. Imipenem was the most effective antibiotic against these isolates (92.8% isolates
were susceptible) while all isolates were resistant to Meropenem, Cefepime, Ticarcillin,
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, Cefotaxime, Ampicillin and Cefpodoxime. All 69 Pseudomonas
aeruginosa isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR). Of the isolates selected for PCR, all were
positive for TEM, CTX-M and SHV genes while one-third were blaKPC and blaNDM producers.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated high prevalence of carbapenem-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa,
suggesting that there is an urgent need in Nigeria for the enactment and enforcement of
policies and necessary laws restricting the availability and indiscriminate use of antibiotics.
An Overview of the Therapeutic Potential of Iris persica
Authors: Hussain Faiq H.S. , Amin Hawraz Ibrahim M. , Patel Dinesh Kumar , Porwal Omji
Published: January 2020

The family Iridaceae contains 92 genera and more than 1800 species,
mostly perennial herbs with underground storage organs called rhizomes (bulbs).
Some genera are important in traditional medicines, especially Iris and Gladiolus.
The genus Iris belongs to this family and comprises about hundreds of species
among them, 12 species are found in Iraq. It has been widely used in various medicines
worldwide especially Iris persica is used in folk medicine in the Kurdistan region
of Iraq as an effective treatment of tumours, inflammation, and as antibacterial
and antifungal agent. Earlier findings confirmed that Iris persica and its constituents
play a role in the scavenging of free radical generation and prevention of disease
pathogenesis. Each part of the Iris persica herb has some medicinal property. This
review focuses mainly on the biological activities of the Iris persica and some of
their compounds isolated, pharmacological actions of the Iris persica extracts and
products, and plausible medicinal and therapeutically applications.
(Auto)retratos poéticos na obra de Herberto Helder
Authors: Rodrigues Daniel
Published: January 2020

O nosso objetivo é analisar uma série de retratos poéticos esboçados na obra do poeta português Herberto Helder. Partindo da importância do gênero artístico frequentemente evocado na obra, tentaremos mostrar como o retrato ultrapassa as referências claras ao gênero para configurar uma das práticas literárias fundadoras da obra herbertiana. Propomos considerar a obra como um corpus constituído por uma montagem temporal onde o retrato surge como figurações do rosto autoral.
A História e a Testemunha de um Massacre como Estratégias e Temas Literários no Romance Gráfico Peterloo: Witnesses to a Massacre (2019)
Authors: Puga Rogerio Miguel
Published: January 2020

O presente artigo analisa de que forma o uso da história como narrativa textual e ideológica se assume como uma estratégia e tema literários no romance gráfico realista Peterloo: Witnesses to a Massacre, publicado colectivamente em 2019 pelo historiador Robert Poole, autor do recente estudo Peterloo: The English Uprising (Oxford University Press), também baseado em 400 relatos de testemunhas coevas, e pelos artistas Eva Schlunke e Polyp. Analisamos a forma como o romance é constituído sobretudo por imagens ficcionadas a partir das fontes históricas coevas e por citações desses mesmos documentos que permitem ao leitor criar a ilusão de um contacto mais directo com o passado textualizado e imaginado através das ilustrações, que, por seu turno, funcionam também como narrativas autónomas e alternativas.
"Hombre con bigote y lentes": Retratos de Rodó
Authors: Pellicer Rosa
Published: January 2020

La imagen de José Enrique Rodó tiene su origen en los primeros retratos que realizaron sus contemporáneos y que, con algún leve cambio de matiz, se ha mantenido hasta hoy. La seriedad y aparente serenidad de su figura, que se refleja en los retratos fotográficos, tienen su correlato en el estilo clásico y armonioso de su prosa, de manera que desde muy pronto surge un Rodó estatuario, que solo pareció ensombrecerse al final de su vida, según sus retratistas. Este artículo recorre los testimonios de sus coetáneos y de sus principales biógrafos para esbozar un retrato del escritor uruguayo, que continúa parcialmente oculto tras el bigote y las gafas.
Профилирование компонент подвижности вблизи гетерограниц тонких пленок кремния
Authors: Зайцева Э.Г. , Наумова О.В. , Фомин Б.И.
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we proposed the method for profiling of the components of the effective mobility of charge carriers μeff defined by their scattering by surface phonons and by roughness at the film/insulator interfaces. The method is based on the controlled localization of charge carriers relative to the interface under study due to the coupling effect. The proposed method allows us to independently determine mobility components near different interfaces of films. The use of the proposed method for studying the mobility has allowed us to obtain information on the roughness of the interface and on the structural quality of the ultrathin (1–3-nm) layer of Si near the Si/buried oxide interface.
Структурное и диэлектрическое исследование тонких аморфных слоев системы Ge-Sb-Te, полученных методом высокочастотного магнетронного распыления
Authors: Кастро Арата Р.А. , Стожаров В.М. , Долгинцев Д.М. , Кононов А.А. , Сайто Ю. , Фонс П. , Томинага Дж. , Анисимова Н.И. , Колобов А.В.
Published: January 2020

Abstract The results of studying the structure and processes of dielectric relaxation in thin layers of Ge–Sb–Te are presented. The found permittivity dispersion and occurrence of dielectric-loss maxima in the low-frequency region are explained by the structural features of the compounds under study.
О защите высоковольтных мезаструктурных 4H-SiC-приборов от поверхностного пробоя: прямая фаска
Authors: Лебедева Н.М. , Ильинская Н.Д. , Иванов П.А.
Published: January 2020

Abstract The prospects for the protection of high-voltage 4 H -SiC-devices from edge breakdown via the formation of mesa structures with inclined walls (negative beveling) are considered. Numerical simulation of the spatial electric-field distribution in high-voltage (~1500V) reverse-biased mesa-epitaxial p ^+– p – n _0– n ^+ 4 H -SiC diodes is performed. It is shown that negative beveling with small angles of less than 10° from the plane of the p – n _0 junction makes it possible to reduce severalfold the surface edge electric field as compared to that in the bulk. A combined protection method is suggested as the edge-termination technique for 4 H -SiC diodes with a p ^+– n _0– n ^+ structure, Schottky diodes with an n _0 blocking base, and bipolar n ^+– p – n _0 transistors via the implantation of boron along with negative beveling. The possibility of fabricating mesa structures with inclined walls via the photolithography and dry etching of silicon carbide is briefly discussed.
Структурные и фотолюминесцентные свойства графитоподобного нитрида углерода
Authors: Баглов А.В. , Чубенко Е.Б. , Гнитько А.А. , Борисенко В.Е. , Малашевич А.А. , Углов В.В.
Published: January 2020

Abstract Interrelationship between the structure and optical properties of graphite-like semiconductor carbon nitride produced by the heat treatment of thiocarbamide in an oxygen-containing medium at temperatures in the range from 400°C to 625°C is established. It is found that the maximum of the photoluminescence band shifts from 417 to 494 nm and simultaneously broadens, as the temperature of synthesis is elevated to 625°C. This effect is attributed to doping with oxygen and to the formation of defects as a consequence of decomposition of the already synthesized material with increasing temperature.
Зависимость продольно-поперечного расщепления экситона в квантовой яме от внешнего однородного электрического поля
Authors: Логинов Д.К. , Донец А.В.
Published: January 2020

In our paper theoretical analyzed the decreasing of transverse-longitudinal splitting of an exciton in the GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well in the homogeneous electric field. Also the dependence of the splitting on application field is calculated. The excitonic reflectance spectra of the thick quantum well are calculated for field directed transversal to well layer. The decreasing of reflectance oscillation in the excitonic spectra because of decreasing transverse-longitudinal splitting is demonstrated.
Диэлектрические потери тонкопленочных образцов SiO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- на Al в THz-IR-диапазоне
Authors: Командин Г.А. , Ноздрин В.С. , Пронин А.А. , Породинков О.Е. , Анзин В.Б. , Спектор И.Е.
Published: January 2020

Creation of new dielectric materials for insulating layers of interconnects with low losses at high frequencies (low-k) is one of the main directions of modern microelectronics. Currently, various modifications of standard for modern integrated circuits dielectric structures based on SiO2, differing in composition and morphological characteristics, are being investigated. In this paper, the dielectric losses of thin-film SiO2 samples on an Al substrate are studied by terahertz (THz) and IR spectroscopy. Significant differences in the spectra of such structures in comparison with bulk samples of fused quartz, including berriman resonance modes, were found.
Влияние магнитного поля на термодинамические и магнитные свойства антиферромагнитной модели Изинга на объемно-центрированной кубической решетке
Authors: Муртазаев А.К. , Рамазанов М.К. , Муртазаев К.Ш. , Магомедов М.А. , Бадиев М.К.
Published: January 2020

The influence of the external magnetic field on the phase transitions, thermodynamic and magnetic properties of the three-dimensional Ising model of antiferromagnetic on a body-centered cubic lattice taking into account the interactions of the second nearest neighbors is studied by the replica algorithm of the Monte Carlo method. A phase diagram of the dependence of the critical temperature on the external magnetic field has been constructed. It is shown that a second-order phase transition is observed in the considered range of magnetic field values
Влияние скин-эффекта и активных потерь на интенсивность линий ЭПР в полупроводящих веществах
Authors: Зюзин А.М. , Карпеев А.А. , Янцен Н.В.
Published: January 2020

The influence of the skin effect and active losses in samples of a semiconducting composite with a wide range of conductivity values on the intensity of the EPR absorption line was studied. An approach is proposed that makes it possible to obtain a satisfactory agreement between the calculated and experimental results. It is shown that, depending on the conductivity of the test substance, absorption line intensity, corresponding to a unit volume, can decrease significantly with increasing sample volume.
Физические свойства фрустрированного квазиодномерного магнетика NaCuFe-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-(VO-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=- и влияние химического давления при замещении натрия литием
Authors: Дрокина Т.В. , Петраковский Г.А. , Баюков О.А. , Молокеев М.С. , Воротынов А.М. , Попков С.И. , Великанов Д.А.
Published: January 2020

The results of the study of structural, thermal, static magnetic and resonance properties of the low-dimensional compound NaCuFe2(VO4)3 prepared by the standard solid-phase reaction method are presented. In the temperature range 110–300 K and in the X-band, an electron paramagnetic resonance was observed, characterized by a g-factor equal to 2.008. The magnetic properties of the sample with a high level of frustrations in the paramagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and disordered states are investigated. A shift of the Néel temperature to high temperatures under the influence of an external magnetic field was detected. The reasons for the appearance of disordered magnetism in NaCuFe2 (VO4) 3 are discussed.
The features of the effect of sodium substitution by lithium on the physical properties of the ACuFe2 (VO4) 3 (A = Na, Li) system are revealed. It is shown that under the influence of chemical pressure there is a transformation of lattice parameters, distances between magnetic ions, crystallite size, which leads to a change in physical properties.
Люминесценция ионов Eu-=SUP=-3+-=/SUP=- в матрице фторированной алюмоиттриевой композиции
Authors: Смагин В.П. , Худяков А.П. , Бирюков А.А.
Published: January 2020

The optical spectra of fluorinated yttrium aluminum compositions activated by Eu3+ ions were studied. The compositions were synthesized by thermal decomposition at 800 °C of fluorine-containing complexes of yttrium, europium, and aluminum nitrate, isolated as sols from ethyl acetate (EA). The main phases of the compositions are (Y1-xEux)OF and (Y1-xEux)AlO3. Photoluminescence is associated with 5D1,2 → 7F0,1,2 and 5D0 → 7F0,1,2,3,4 electronic transitions of 4f - electrons of Eu3+ ions, replacing yttrium ions in its oxide and oxyfluoride. The dependences of luminescence on the composition and synthesis conditions of the compositions, the wavelength of the exciting radiation, and other factors are established.
Адсорбция атомов Ga и Cl и молекулы GaCl на карбиде кремния: модельный подход
Authors: Давыдов С.Ю. , Посредник О.В.
Published: January 2020

Within the scope of the Haldane – Anderson model metallic and ionic contri-butions to the adsorption energy are calculated for the Ga and Cl atoms ad-sorbed on the C- and Si-faces of p- and n-SiC substrates. It is shown firstly that for all considered cases we obtain that ionic contribution is greater than metallic contribution. Secondly, in the case of adsorption on the p-SiC sub-strate value of the model of adsorption energy for Ga is greater than for Cl while in the case of adsorption on the n-SiC opposite inequality is realized. For the description of the GaCl adsorption on SiC substrate simple ionic model is put forward. Comparison with the results of other authors demonstrates valid-ity of the proposed models.
Процессы агрегации фуллерена С-=SUB=-60-=/SUB=- в композитах полимер--фуллерен
Authors: Богданов А.А.
Published: January 2020

The paper presents the results of studying the absorption spectra of polymer – fullerene C60 composites. In the polymethyl methacrylate – C60 composite, a gradual process of aggregation of fullerene is registered during heating. This made it possible to determine the diffusion coefficient of C60 molecules in this polymer. The difference in the absorption spectra of C60 clusters in different composites indicates the interaction of the clusters with the polymer matrix.
Намагниченность эпитаксиального графена, наведенная магнитной металлической подложкой
Authors: Давыдов С.Ю.
Published: January 2020

Model of energy diagram for the graphene monolayer (Gr) fabricated on magnetic transition metal (MTM) is proposed. Regimes of the strong and weak Gr-MTM coupling are discussed and corresponding analytical expressions for the substrate induced magnetization of epigraphene are obtained. It is shown that in the case of strong coupling the main contribution in magnetization are given by the quasi-local state which leads to the antiferromagnetic Gr-MTM bond, while in the case of weak coupling the main contribution in magnetization are given by the MTM d-band which leads to the ferromagnetic Gr-MTM bond. Numerical estimates for the Gr/Ni(111) and Gr/Co(poly) heterostructures are fulfilled and compared with the experimental data for Gr/Ni(111) and numerical calculations for Gr/Co/Ni(111). In the first case we have obtained the quantitative agreement, in the second case only the qualitative correspondence is achieved.
Наножидкости для энергетики: механизм влияния диспергентов на тепловые параметры и кризисные явления при кипении
Authors: Морару В.Н. , Бондаренко Б.И. , Сидоренко С.В. , Комыш Д.В.
Published: January 2020

Abstract:
The effect of dispersants organic (CTAB) and inorganic nature (sodium pyrophosphate and sodium silicate) on the critical heat flux (CHF) and heat-transfer coefficient (HTC) of boiling various aqueous nanofluids (NFs) under conditions of free convection is studied.
It has been established that the addition of ionic dispersants to aluminosilicate NFs,
increasing their aggregative and sedimentation stability, as a rule, worsens their heat-transfer
parameters during boiling, causing a sudden pre-crisis heater burnout in a test unit powered by
direct current. The mechanism of the phenomenon is revealed.
On the contrary, the addition of dispersants and surfactants to carbon-containing NFs with
high thermal conductivity, improving their stability, at the same time increases the heat transfer
coefficient during boiling of NFs, but also cause pre-crisis heater burnout in the case of direct
current heating.
The effect of dispersants on crisis phenomena during boiling of water and NFs is analyzed
and the causes of sudden pre-crisis heater burnout have been elucidated. Several mechanisms
have been proposed for interpreting the observed effects, from which the expediency of using
alternating heating current and non-ionic, non-foaming surfactants and dispersants to avoid an
early onset of the boiling crisis in order to achieve higher values of the critical heat flux and the
heat transfer coefficient during the NFs boiling.
Численное исследование вихревых структур и теплообмена при сверхзвуковом обтекании области сопряжения затупленного тела и пластины
Authors: Колесник Е.В. , Смирнов Е.М.
Published: January 2020

In the paper, the results of numerical simulation of a supersonic laminar flow past a fin-body junction are presented. The gas-dynamic and vortex structure of the flow, determined by viscous-inviscid interaction, is analyzed. Numerical data showing the qualitative and quantitative effects on the flow structure and heat transfer of the following parameters: Mach number, Reynolds number, temperature factor and plate length, are presented
О роли ускоренных электронов в формировании структуры свечения наносекундного диффузного разряда в воздушном промежутке стержень-плоскость
Authors: Покровский В.С. , Репин П.Б. , Трушкина А.Н.
Published: January 2020

Проведено исследование диффузного разряда в промежутке стержень (катод)-плоскость с межэлектродным зазором 10 cm в воздухе атмосферного давления. Напряжение на катоде составляло 370-390 kV при длительности импульса на полувысоте ~70 ns. Установлено, что в зависимости от времени задержки формирования разряда меняющейся от импульса к импульсу в пределах 3-15 ns ток разряда и амплитуда импульса рентгеновского излучения изменялись от 100 до 200 A и от 20 до 250 относительных единиц соответственно. Выявлена связь между амплитудой импульса рентгеновского излучения и структурными параметрами свечения разряда. Показано, что при большой величине задержки формирования разряда определяющую роль в формировании продольной структуры свечения играют быстрые электроны с энергией менее 30 keV, ускоренные в сильном электрическом поле вблизи катода. Быстрые электроны ионизуют периферийные области разряда, увеличивают его сечение, чем обеспечивается падение плотности тока, удельной вложенной энергии и интенсивности свечения на расстоянии от катода, соответствующем пробегу электронов в воздухе. Ключевые слова: газовый разряд, рентгеновское излучение, структура свечения, быстрые электроны.
3D-печать и механические свойства полиамидных изделий с топологией примитив Шварца"
Authors: Балабанов С.В. , Макогон А.И. , Сычев М.М. , Evstratov А.А. , Regazzi А. , Lopez-Cuesta J.M.
Published: January 2020

Physical and mechanical properties of cellular structures made of polyamide-12 were studied. The samples represent structural elements, which are repeating in 3 directions and have a geometric form of Schwarz Primitive. Samples have the shape of a cube (the sizes 30 × 30 × 30 mm). The technology of layer-by-layer sintering of powder material on SLS (selective laser sintering) 3D printer was used to fabricate the samples.
Compression tests of samples with different geometries have shown that with the increase of the characteristic size of repeating structural element the strength of samples grows. With the use of finite element annalists, we have found that this is related to the increase of dangerous section area. The possibility of a substantial increase of specific strength of material while maintaining its density was shown.
Микроструктура и элементный состав наноразмерных порошков и пленок редкоземельных ферритов-гранатов на основе Sm-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-Fe-=SUB=-5-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-12-=/SUB=-
Authors: Цидаева Н.И. , Накусов А.Т. , Хайманов С.А. , Хубаев А.К. , Кубалова Л.М. , Wang W.
Published: January 2020

The synthesis of nanostructured powders and films based on rare-earth ferrite garnet Sm3Fe5O12 was carried out with hydrothermal as well as with the method of precipitation of aqueous solutions of nitrates on the substrate surface. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), and X-ray phase analysis (XRD), the topology of the surface and the phase composition of the samples were studied. According to AFM and SEM, particle sizes were evaluated and the structural features of powders and films were analyzed. Raman spectroscopy (RS) and X-ray phase analysis were used to examine the chemical composition and crystal structures of synthesized samples. The possibility of simultaneous investigation of the same sample area with AFM methods and Raman spectroscopy made it possible to obtain data of the chemical composition, the presence of impurities and defects, and the shape of macromolecules. Taking into account the set of obtained results, it is shown that materials based on Sm3Fe5O12, due to their structural features and physics-chemical parameters, can be used as filters for industrial sewage treatment.
Электрофизические характеристики многослойных мемристивных наноструктур на основе стабилизированного иттрием диоксида циркония и оксида тантала
Authors: Тихов С.В. , Белов А.И. , Королев Д.С. , Антонов И.Н. , Сушков А.А. , Павлов Д.А. , Тетельбаум Д.И. , Горшков О.Н. , Михайлов А.Н.
Published: January 2020

The electrophysical characteristics of multilayer memristive structure Au/Ta/ZrO2(Y)/TaOx/TiN have been studied. The effects of electron and ion electrification associated with carrier trapping on traps and ion migration polarization in a dielectric are found. The effect of traps located in dielectrics on the effects of electroforming and resistive switching is established. The values of activation energy and concentrations for traps and ions are determined. The phenomenon of stabilization of resistive switching, which is associated with the features of the two-layer structure of YSZ/TaOx and self-assembled Ta nanoclusters, is found. Nanoclusters play the role of electric field concentrators in the process of electroforming and subsequent resistive switching.
Теория термоэмиссионных и вторично-эмиссионных свойств палладий-бариевых катодов электровакуумных сверхвысокочастотных приборов
Authors: Капустин В.И. , Ли И.П. , Москаленко С.О. , Шуманов А.В.
Published: January 2020

Предложена модель структуры поверхности палладий-бариевого катода, и на основе модели вторичной электронной эмиссии Дайона проведен расчет зависимости коэффициента вторичной электронной эмиссии кристаллитов оксида бария, формирующихся на поверхности катода при его термическом активировании, от температуры и концентрации кислородных вакансий в оксиде. Показано, что эмиссионные свойства палладий-бариевого катода существенно зависят не только от эмиссионных свойств кристаллитов оксида бария, но и от относительной площади поверхности катода, занятой указанными кристаллитами. Построены теоретические номограммы, связывающие измеряемые усредненные по поверхности величины работы выхода и коэффициента вторичной электронной эмиссии палладий-бариевого катода, при этом параметрами номограмм являются температура, концентрация кислородных вакансий в кристаллитах оксида бария и относительная площадь поверхности катода, занятая кристаллитами оксида бария. Ключевые слова: термоэлектронная эмиссия, вторичная электронная эмиссия, палладий-бариевый катод, оксид бария.
Методика микрофокусной рентгенографии для выявления скрытой дефектности семян древесных лесных пород и других видов сосудистых растений
Authors: Архипов М.В. , Прияткин Н.С. , Гусакова Л.П. , Карамышева А.В. , Трофимук Л.П. , Потрахов Н.Н. , Бессонов В.Б. , Щукина П.А.
Published: January 2020

Приведены характеристики современных аппаратных решений, используемых для получения цифровых рентгеновских изображений семян. Описаны основные способы визуализации и приемы анализа цифровых рентгеновских изображений семян. Выявлены и проанализированы скрытые дефекты образцов семян исследуемых древесных лесных пород: сосны кедровой сибирской (Pinus sibirica DuTour) и сосны кедровой корейской (P. Koraiensis Siebold \& Zucc.), кукурузы сахарной (Zeamays L.), а также огурца посевного (Cucumis sativum L.) и перца овощного (Capsicum annuum L.) методом микрофокусной рентгенографии в сочетании с автоматическим анализом цифровых рентгеновских изображений. Показано, что пустозернистые и частично полнозернистые семена имеют пониженные значения показателя "Средняя яркость" рентгенограмм. Проведена сравнительная оценка рентгеновских показателей и всхожести проростков как интегральных показателей для оценки биологической полноценности семян. Ключевые слова: микрофокусная рентгенография семян, анализ изображений семян, посевные качества семян, семена древесных лесных пород, семена сельскохозяйственных культур.
Квазимолекулярные оптические переходы вблизи резонансных линий атомов Kr и Xe в атмосфере гелия
Authors: Девдариани А.З. , Загребин А.Л. , Леднев М.Г.
Published: January 2020

A theoretical study of spectral profiles near the Kr and Xe resonance lines of the 1,3P1–1S0
transitions produced in the atmosphere of helium under equilibrium conditions is performed.
Potential energy curves for the excited states of the Kr(4p55s)+He and Xe(5p56s)+He
quasimolecules are obtained in the framework of the consistent use of the effective Hamiltonian
method and the pseudopotential method. For the ground state experimental data are used. Based
on quasistatic approach the spectral profiles of the quasimolecular absorption and radiation in the
short-wave region of the resonance lines are calculated by applying the potential energy curves
obtained. The resulting profiles are compared with experimental ones.
Люминесценция дефектов F-типа и их термическая стабильность в сапфире, облученном импульсными ионными пучками
Authors: Ананченко Д.В. , Никифоров С.В. , Рамазанова Г.Р. , Баталов Р.И. , Баязитов Р.М. , Новиков Г.А.
Published: January 2020

Luminescence and thermal stability of defects formed in alpha-Al2O3 single crystals under pulsed ion beam treatment (C+/H+ ions with an energy 300 keV, pulse duration 80 ns) were investigated. This type of irradiation leads to the intensive generation of both single F- and F+-centers and more complex defects (F2-type aggregate centers or vacancy-impurity complexes) in alpha-Al2O3. It was confirmed by the results of optical absorption, photoluminescence, and pulsed cathodoluminescence measurements. The thermal stability of F-type defects formed in alpha-Al2O3 under the pulsed ion beam treatment is comparable to the stability of radiation-induced defects in neutron-irradiated samples.
Инварианты коэффициента отражения
Authors: Федюхин Л.А. , Горчаков А.В. , Колосовский Е.А.
Published: January 2020

A detailed analysis of the reflection coefficient of linearly polarized in plane of incidence of a plane monochromatic wave from a three-layer structure is carried out. Solved the reverse problem ellipsometry for a three-layer structure. The existence of two reflection factor invariants for the flat-parallel plate is shown. A set of three observable parameters not previously used is proposed, which allows to restore the material parameters of the layer. Analytical expressions are obtained both for the reflection coefficient and incidence angles for a number of important particular cases, and for the direct calculation of the dielectric constant and layer thickness from the measured values of the observed parameters.
Анизотропия деформации памяти формы в монокристалле сплава Ni-=SUB=-49-=/SUB=-Fe-=SUB=-18-=/SUB=-Ga-=SUB=-27-=/SUB=-Co-=SUB=-6-=/SUB=-
Authors: Николаев В.И. , Солдатов А.В. , Тимашов Р.Б. , Крымов В.М.
Published: January 2020

Stress-strain behavior of a cubic-shaped Ni49Fe18Ga27Co6 shape memory single crystal uniaxially compressed in three directions perpendicular to its faces was studied. The crystallographic orientation of the sample was chosen so that the sample was deformed along two <110>А and one [001]А directions. A fundamentally different stress-strain behavior was observed for the deformations along <110>A and [001]A directions. At room temperature, irrespective of the magnitude of the phase strain, the crystal compressed in [001]A exhibited superelastic behavior i.e. the strain fully recovered after unloading. In contrast, deformation along <110>A directions to the strain levels above 4% induced a residual shape memory strain after the unloading. Strains measured along the directions perpendicular to the compression axis indicate an anomalous behavior of the Poisson's ratio.
Влияние термообработки на свойства композитных кремний-углеродных анодов для литий-ионных аккумуляторов
Authors: Астрова Е.В. , Парфеньева А.В. , Румянцев А.М. , Улин В.П. , Байдакова М.В. , Неведомский В.Н. , Нащекин А.В.
Published: January 2020

The effect of annealing temperature in argon atmosphere on the ability of Si-C nanocomposites to reversibly insert lithium was investigated. It was found that the higher the annealing temperature during the formation of the composite, the lower is the capacitance of the electrode made from it. X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy reveal that the reason of the capacitance decrease is formation at T  1100°C of silicon carbide of cubic modification -SiC, inactive with respect to the formation of lithium alloys or intercalates.
Эффект пластификации сплава Cu-14Al-4Ni с эффектом памяти формы при высокотемпературной изотермической осадке
Authors: Свирид А.Э. , Пушин В.Г. , Куранова Н.Н. , Белослудцева Е.С. , Пушин А.В. , Лукьянов А.В.
Published: January 2020

Deformation according to the scheme of uniaxial compression (with simultaneous measurement of mechanical properties) in isothermal conditions at 700-800°C provides a significant grain structure refinement of the Сu-14 mas.%Al-4 mas.%Ni alloy. It is found that this leads to an increase in the plasticity of the alloy experiencing thermoelastic martensitic transformations and associated shape memory effects. The structure was studied using the methods of scanning and transmission electron microscopy and X-ray phase analysis.
Интенсификация парообразования и вторичного измельчения капель огнетушащих составов
Authors: Антонов Д.В. , Стрижак П.А.
Published: January 2020

The results of experimental studies of evaporation and fragmentation of droplets of fire extinguishing compositions by the example of suspensions and emulsions are presented. It is shown that when a flammable liquid of vegetable origin is added to their composition by the example of rapeseed oil, micro-explosion and puffing can be realized, which are the regimes of secondary atomization of droplets. The ranges of changes in the lifetimes of droplets at different heating temperatures and component concentrations are established.
Исследование коэффициентов вязкости и теплопроводности суспензий с одностенными углеродными нанотрубками
Authors: Минаков А.В. , Пряжников М.И. , Гузей Д.В. , Платонов Д.В.
Published: January 2020

The results of an experimental study of the viscosity and thermal conductivity coefficients of suspensions with single-walled carbon nanotubes are presented. The range of nanotube mass concentrations ranged from 0.05 to 0.25 wt.%. The studied suspensions showed non-Newtonian behavior. Dependences of rheological parameters of suspensions on nanotube concentration were obtained. The influence of the base liquid on the viscosity and thermal conductivity of suspensions was established.
Оптоволоконный датчик pH для микробиореакторов
Authors: Angarita Lores C.E. , Богатиков Е.В. , Бормонтов Е.Н.
Published: January 2020

A fiber-optic sensor for microbioreactors was designed and manufactured. It measures pH in the range from 6.5 to 9 with an accuracy of ± 0.2 for small volumes of liquid. The principle of detection is the measurement of blue and green LEDs light absorption in liquid with an indicator. Phenol red is used as a biocompatible indicator.
Достижение субпикосекундного временного разрешения при исследовании процессов анизотропной релаксации биологических молекул
Authors: Горбунова И.А. , Сасин М.Э. , Васютинский О.С.
Published: January 2020

A novel pump-probe method has been developed to study anisotropic relaxation and energy transfer in excited states of polyatomic molecules excited by femtosecond laser pulses. The method was used to study the rotational diffusion of NADH with a temporal resolution of about 0.6 ps. For the first time, absorption from the excited state of biological molecules pumped by laser pulses with energies of 1 nJ was detected
Электрическая площадь поля в вакууме с движущимися зарядами
Authors: Розанов Н.Н.
Published: January 2020

An exact analytical expression is presented for the electric field area generated by the motion of charged particles with constant acceleration. An approximate form of the spatial distribution of the electric area in the vicinity of the point of instantaneous stopping of charges is given. The possibility of generating quasi-unipolar pulses of electromagnetic radiation with a significant electric area is shown.
PIC-моделирование генерации CВЧ-излучения в отражательном триоде радиального типа с расходящимся замагниченным электронным пучком
Authors: Дубинов А.Е. , Тараканов В.П.
Published: January 2020

This paper presents particle-in-cell simulation of the reflex triode with radially diverging magnetized electron beam. Dynamics of the electron beam and generation characteristics of the reflex triode are studied in the work. It is shown that two virtual cathodes are formed in it. It was calculated that the peak power of the microwave radiation reaches P=19 MW at the beam current I0=5 kA and potential of the cathode Uc=‒100 kV. There is a peak in the microwave radiation spectrum at the frequency ν = 5.2 GHz.
Нелинейный фотоакустический отклик на механические напряжения вблизи отверстия в пластине из алюминиевого сплава Д16
Authors: Глазов А.Л. , Морозов Н.Ф. , Муратиков К.Л.
Published: January 2020

The features of the behavior of the photoacoustic signal depending on mechanical stresses near the hole in the plate made of aluminum alloy D16 are investigated. A new nonlinear photoacoustic effect was discovered, which consists in the appearance of a nonlinear component of the photoacoustic signal depending on mechanical stresses near the hole. This dependence is recorded in the signal at the modulation frequency of the laser radiation. A theoretical description of the discovered effect of sound generation by the thermoelastic mechanism in stressed metals is proposed basing on the consideration of the thermal effect of laser radiation on their electronic subsystem.
Эффект прозрачности в пленках Zr-B-N, полученных с помощью магнетронного распыления мишени ZrB-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-
Authors: Кирюханцев-Корнеев Ф.В. , Левашов Е.А.
Published: January 2020

Studies of Zr-B-N thin films with specific optical properties have been carried out. It is shown that an increase in the volume fraction of N2 in the gas mixture and, as a consequence, the concentration of nitrogen in the coatings leads to an increase in the optical transmittance due to the formation of the BN phase.
Улучшение пьезоэлектрических свойств ЦТС-керамики в результате низкотемпературного циклирования
Authors: Якушев П.Н. , Шалимов В.В.
Published: January 2020

It was found that as a result of low-temperature cycling of PZT ceramics, it becomes possible to improve its piezoelectric properties. It is shown that the storage conditions of ceramics determine the improvement or deterioration of the properties of the piezomaterial after a series of highly gradient thermal shocks.
Литий-ионный суперконденсатор с положительным электродом на основе углеродного материала, модифицированного полимерным комплексом никеля с основанием Шиффа
Authors: Положенцева Ю.А. , Карушев М.П. , Румянцев А.М. , Чепурная И.А. , Тимонов А.М.
Published: January 2020

A lithium-ion supercapacitor with a positive electrode based on a highly porous carbon material modified with an electronically conducting polymeric nickel Schiff base complex has been developed for the first time. The electrochemical capacity of the obtained device was over 40% higher than the capacitance of the cell with a non-modified positive electrode without compromising other performance parameters (working voltage, resistance, number of charge-discharge cycles).
Evaluating a Web-Based Training Program for Nurses on Shared Decision-Making and Screening for Down Syndrome: Protocol for a Randomized Control Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Poulin Herron Alex , Agbadjé Titilayo Tatiana , Côté Mélissa , Djade Codjo-Djignefa , Roch Geneviève , Légaré France
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND

Pregnant women have difficulty choosing from amongst the wide variety of available prenatal screening options. To help pregnant women and their partners make informed decisions based on their values, needs, and preferences, a decision aid (DA) and a web-based shared decision making (SDM) training program for health professionals have been developed. In Canada, nurses have responsibilities regarding maternity care and thus the potential to do decision coaching on prenatal screening. However, there is a gap of knowledge concerning the effectiveness of SDM interventions in this area of nursing practice.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to assess the impact of an SDM training program on nurses’ intention to use a decision aid for prenatal screening as well as their knowledge and overall appreciation of the training.

METHODS

This is a two-arm parallel randomized trial. Nurses working with pregnant women from the province of Quebec, and speaking in French, will be recruited online by a private survey firm. They will be randomly allocated (1:1 ratio) to either an experimental group, which will complete a web-based SDM training program for prenatal screening, or to a control group, which will complete a web-based training program focusing on prenatal screening alone. The experimental intervention consists of a three hour web-based and fully automated training activity hosted on the University Laval platform and has four modules: 1) SDM; 2) Down syndrome prenatal screening; 3) DA; and 4) Communication between healthcare professionals and the patient. For the control group, the topic of SDM in Module 1 has been replaced with “Context and history of prenatal screening” and the topic of DA in Module 3 has been replaced with “Consent in prenatal screening.” In addition to sociodemographic questions using a self-administered questionnaire with closed ended questions, we will assess 1) intention to use a DA in prenatal screening clinical practice; 2) knowledge; 3) satisfaction with the training; 4) acceptability; and 5) perceived usefulness. The randomization will be done by a predetermined sequence and include 36 nurses. Participants and researchers will be blinded. Intention to use DA will be assessed by a Student t test and bivariate and multivariate analysis will be performed to assess knowledge and overall appreciation of the training.

RESULTS

This study is ongoing and results will be available at the end of 2020

CONCLUSIONS

This study results will inform on the impact of an SDM training program on nurses’ intention to use a decision aid for prenatal screening as well as their knowledge and overall appreciation of the training. It will also provide feedback on ways to upgrade the SDM training program, if needed.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04162288
The Economic Burden of Medical Treatment of Children with Asthma in China: Real-World Evidence from the Chinese Medical Insurance Database Network (Preprint)
Authors: Wu Ping , Xu Baoping , Shen Adong , He Zonglin , Zhang Casper J.P. , Ming Wai-Kit , Shen Kunling
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND

It is estimated that there are at least 300 million asthma patients in the world, with mainland China accounting for about 10% (30 million). At present, there are few studies on the economic burden of children with asthma in China.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the economic burden of medical treatment of children with asthma in China.

METHODS

The China Medical Insurance Research Association (CHIRA) database was searched for patients with asthma from 0 to 14 years old who were diagnosed based on the criteria of “J45” and “J46” coded in ICD-10. A cross-sectional study with cost analysis was conducted.

RESULTS

The annual per capita direct medical cost was RMB 525 (US$75) related to asthma. The percentages of medical cost covered by insurance for asthma in China was 58%. The cost of medication accounted for the majority of direct medical costs. The cost of asthma medication accounted for the greatest percentage of all medication costs, followed by the cost of antibiotics. The rate of using antibiotics during asthma attack was 50.3%. In subgroup analysis, those that have the highest rates of using antibiotics were central China (100.0%), children aged 3 years and under (63.6%), as well as fourth-tier and fifth-tier cities (77.1%). Patients underwent the pulmonary function test (12.2%), and allergen test (5.8%) during treatment. Outpatient clinics (98.58% vs 1.42%, P <.01), tertiary hospitals (62.08% vs 37.92%, P <.01), and general hospitals (72.27% vs 27.73%, P <.01) were more often visited than the inpatient clinics, secondary and primary as well as the specialized clinics, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The economic burden of childhood asthma in China is relatively low, and the national medical insurance reduces their economic burden to a large extent. Based on our findings, there remain opportunities to strengthen the hierarchical medical system, and the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) program and Chinese guidelines still need to be further popularized in order to achieve complete control of asthma, thereby reducing hospitalization and emergency visits, shortening the length of hospital stay, and ultimately reducing the economic burden of children with asthma.
Studi Perbandingan Disolusi In-Vitro Pada Formula Tablet Levofloksasin Immediate-Release Menggunakan Variasi Kadar Disintegran Sodium Starch Glycolate
Authors: Citrariana Shesanthi , Lukitaningsih Endang , Nugroho Akhmad Kharis
Published: January 2020

Levofloksasin merupakan antibiotik yang digunakan dalam terapi Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) dengan prevalensi cukup tinggi di Indonesia. Sodium starch glycolate (SSG) merupakan eksipien yang berfungsi sebagai disintegran. SSG direkomendasikan dalam formula tablet dengan konsentrasi 1-4% karena konsentrasi yang lebih tinggi dapat mengurangi kemampuan disintegrasinya. Kinetika pelepasan obat memiliki nilai yang sangat penting dalam pengembangan dan kontrol kualitas obat. Perubahan kualitatif dan kuantitatif eksipien dalam formula dapat mengubah kinetika pelepasan dan kinerja in-vivo. Peneliltian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan studi perbandingan kinetika pelepasan obat pada tablet levofloksasin yang diformulasikan menggunakan berbagai konsentrasi SSG. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa konsentrasi SSG 1,33-5,33% dalam formula tidak memberikan perbedaan model kinetika pelepasan obat. Hal ini terlihat dari nilai f1 (3,12-8,50) dan f2 (56,16-77,43) yang berada pada rentang kriteria. Tablet levofloksasin Immediate-release (IR) yang diformulasikan, mengikuti pemodelan First-Order kinetik dengan kriteria nilai R2_adj tertinggi, MSE dan AIC terkecil, serta MSC terbesar dibandingkan dengan model kinetika lainnya. Pemodelan menggunakan Korsmeyer-Peppas memperlihatkan bahwa mekanisme transport dari tablet levofloksasin mengikuti persamaan Fickian semu (n<0,5) sehingga menggambarkan pelepasan obat dari matriks non-swellable.