bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heritage and Cultural Affiliation: Archaeological Materials in the Performance of Identity and Belonging in Igbo Ukwu, Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Adeyemo Elizabeth , Okoye Ugochukwu
Published: November 2023

This paper explores the use of images of archaeological objects as a conduit for members of a social group to establish a connection with the past, shape new realities of identity, and express a sense of belonging. With a focus on Igbo Ukwu, a renowned archaeological community in southeastern Nigeria, this paper follows the discourse on images as realistic claims to truth situated within heritage studies. Specifically, we conceptualize archaeological objects as a materiality of belonging, examining how their affect among community members extends beyond the tangible objects to include images of the objects reproduced across different media. By examining the elevation of images of archaeological objects to index cultural affiliation between the past and the present, we highlight the emergence and (re)production of corporate notions of belonging in Igbo Ukwu community. This paper contributes to discourse on a holistic approach to the use of archaeological objects in the (re)construction of identities and ideologies. We argue that by tracing the history of representation and the role that images play in it, we are able to isolate and reconstruct the process through which new, or reimagined, realities emerge.
Bridging the Gap Between Ethical AI Implementations
Authors: Alahmed Yazan , Abadla Reema , Ameen Nardin , Shteiwi Abdulla
Published: November 2023

This paper aims to investigate the existence of artificial intelligence (AI) and its employment has been around for decades, and while it has optimized and advanced various domains of human labour, its developing capabilities have gradually extended into sectors that involve human behaviour and cognition. Naturally, its rapid integration into fields that require unique human behavior, such as creative writing in educational settings, critical thinking, empathetic communication in therapeutic contexts, and many more, has raised ethical issues and concerns from many different aspects throughout the years. In this paper, the ethical implications of AI across various domains and its consequences on societal values, privacy considerations, and human rights are thoroughly examined. Moreover, it highlights the need for robust guidelines, criticizing current frameworks for their lack of enforceability. Examining real-world cases, like IBM Watson's errors and Tesla's autopilot incidents, the paper stresses the urgency for practical and enforceable solutions. A systematic literature review methodology was applied to identify, evaluate, and synthesize existing literature on AI ethics, encompassing aspects like education, healthcare, and social interaction. The findings show the urgent need for robust ethical frameworks that prioritize societal values, privacy, and human rights.
Питання оптимізації обчислень
Authors: Сергієнко Іван Васильович , Задірака Валерій Костянтинович , Швідченко Інна Віталіївна
Published: November 2023

19—22 вересня 2023 р. проходив 48-й науковий форум — Міжнародний науковий симпозіум «Питання оптимізації обчислень» (ПОО-XLVІIІ), присвячений 100-річчю від дня народження академіка Віктора Михайловича Глушкова (1923—1982). Захід відбувся в онлайн-режимі, і до нього долучилися близько 150 учасників із 30 наукових організацій України, Польщі, Німеччини та Угорщини.
A Quality Improvement Initiative to Reduce Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Very Preterm Infants
Authors: Alshaikh Belal N. , Sproat Thomas D.R. , Wood Christel , Spence Jill-Marie , Knauff Megan , Hamilton Claire , Roy Meagan
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE

To reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) among very preterm infants in the Calgary Health Region to ≤2% within 2 years.

METHODS

A multidisciplinary team developed key drivers for NEC. Targeted interventions included strategies to increase mothers’ own milk (MOM), improve compliance with feeding regimens, standardize management of feeding intolerance, prevent intestinal microbial aberrations, and feed conservatively during blood transfusion and the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus. The outcome measure was NEC (≥ stage 2). Changes in NEC rates were examined among racial and ethnic groups. Process measures included MOM feeding at discharge, the difference between actual and expected time to reach full feeds, lowest hemoglobin, and the duration of empirical antibiotics. Growth, the rate of blood transfusion, and the duration of parenteral nutrition were balancing measures. The preintervention, intervention, and sustainment periods were January 2013 to June 2016, July 2016 to December 2018, and December 2018 to December 2021, respectively.

RESULTS

We included 2787 infants born at ≤326/7 weeks’ gestation (1105 preintervention, 763 during intervention, and 919 in sustainment). NEC decreased from 5.6% to 1.9%. Process measures indicated increased MOM feeding at discharge, improved compliance with feeding regimens, increased lowest hemoglobin levels, and shorter durations of empirical antibiotics. Balancing measures revealed improved weight Z-scores, shorter durations on parenteral nutrition, and increased rates of blood transfusion.

CONCLUSIONS

Quality improvement initiatives to increase MOM, improve compliance with feeding regimens, feed conservatively during blood transfusion and treatment of patent ductus arteriosus, and prevent intestinal microbial aberrations were associated with reduced NEC.
Religious Coping pada Penghafal Al-Qur’an dalam Menghadapi Fase Krisis Seperempat Baya
Authors: Majidah Aulia Muna , Lestari Sri
Published: November 2023

This research aims to obtain an overview of the strategies used by memorizers of the Quran in facing the quarter-life crisis phase. The quarter-life crisis is an emotional crisis related to doubt or anxiety about the future which is usually experienced by individuals aged 18-25 years. The research used qualitative phenomenological methods with thematic analysis. The participants were four students selected through purposive sampling. The results show that the area where the quarter-life crisis is most experienced is in the area of work. The causal factor is family life. The impacts can be negative, such as overthinking and anxiety; or positive, such as being able to learn lessons and be more aware of future challenges. Strategies for overcoming crises include preparing themselves by studying, reading the Quran, and believing that religion can help them face their life problems. The implications of this research emphasize that getting closer to Allah Swt. through the activity of reading and memorizing the Quran can strengthen individuals to face a quarter-life crisis.
El encanto de la ilusión
Authors: Acosta Díaz Emilio
Published: November 2023

La ilusión es una de esas realidades humanas que comprendida en su conjunto se convierte en la fuerza impulsora de los grandes logros humanos; está unida a la realidad fundamental del ser en el proceso de integración de la vida. La ilusión tiene que ver con todas las dimensiones del ser humano y especialmente con sus  motivaciones internas, en ese sentido, ilusionarse es moverse hacia, ir en búsqueda hacia el mundo de la posibilidad.

El presente artículo pretende resaltar la importancia de la ilusión en el desarrollo biológico, psicológico y espiritual del ser humano por lo que el interés se centrará en saber en que consiste, su función en la vida y como cultivarla a fin de que mantenga el misterio y el encanto por la vida. Ilusionarse e imaginar son ingredientes propios de la inteligencia humana y cumplen un papel definitivo a la hora de sentir que la vida es una fuerza que fluye y a su paso genera rastros de alegría y satisfacción mientras emerge el camino de la felicidad.
En tiempos frágiles de cambios permanentes
Authors: Acosta Díaz Emilio
Published: November 2023

La vida es movimiento de transformaciones continuas, de cambios externos e internos expresados en estados ánimo, ansiedad generalizada, conexiones y desconexiones con el contexto vital. En esta realidad dinámica y cambiante vale recuperar una visión global, cuyo énfasis contenga el cuidado de sí mismo, de los demás y de la naturaleza; la Ecopsicosofía, en su pretensión, se preocupa por restablecer relaciones y conexiones con el hábitat natural.
Incidencia del conflicto socioeconómico y migratorio en la educación de la subregión La Cordillera-Cumbitara, Nariño.
Authors: Enríquez Pantoja María Viviana , Córdoba López Edy Santiago
Published: November 2023

El propósito de este artículo, en el marco de la investigación en educación y migración interna, parte de la percepción del docente en ciencias sociales, su experiencia sobre los conflictos socioculturales actuales y como estos inciden en la educación de los estudiantes de la subregión La Cordillera – Cumbitara, Nariño (Colombia). Se debe tomar en cuenta una aproximación al contexto donde se exponen las principales problemáticas presentes en la región y la correlación que estas guardan con el fenómeno a explicar, como esto ha devenido en una crisis y trasformación de la identidad campesina generando un déficit en la soberanía alimentaria de la región y un continuo tránsito de lugar de residencia de la población en busca de una mejor oportunidad de vida.
NAVIGATING THROUGH THE PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE(S)
Authors: Bravo Pedro
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT This paper aims to map the different theoretical options related to the Precautionary Principle (PP). Great part of the literature on it can be systematized by answering to three different questions: is there a basic structure in the PP? If so, in which interpretation of the PP does this structure express itself? Finally, are its damage or knowledge conditions fixed or adjustable? The first question separates realist from non-realist approaches. The second question allows us to discriminate monist, dualist, or pluralist positions in relation to the three interpretations of the PP: decision rule, procedural requirement, or epistemic rule. Finally, the third question distinguishes rigid from non-rigid formulations of the principle. Based on this mapping, one can not only navigate through the different formulations of the PP present both in official documents and in specialized literature, but also deflect some of its common objections, and understand Hans Jonas’ eventual connection with PP. Notwithstanding, this mapping does not capture other important themes attached to PP, which motivates a final distinction between narrow and broader forms of PP.
A RESPOSTA DE LOCKE AO CETICISMO
Authors: Eva Luiz
Published: November 2023

RESUMO Neste artigo, proponho que o exame da resposta de Locke ao ceticismo requer que consideremos ao menos três sentidos distintos em que o ceticismo surge no horizonte do Ensaio. O ceticismo é abordado, direta ou indiretamente, (i) como um resultado geral da investigação filosófica, (ii) como decisão metódica de duvidar e ainda (iii) como resultado de um problema particular que desafia a pretensão de conhecimento. Penso que, por meio do exame de como Locke reage a tais questões, obtemos uma imagem mais precisa e nuançada da relação de Locke com a filosofia cética.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE A ÁGUA E A LOUCURA EM HISTOIRE DE LA FOLIE
Authors: Lima Daniela
Published: November 2023

RESUMO No artigo “L’Eau et la folie”, Michel Foucault aponta uma possível relação entre a água e a loucura nas “paisagens imaginárias ocidentais” – relação esta que já se fazia presente em Histoire de la folie. A partir da análise de pontos centrais desta obra, tais como o surgimento da Nau dos Loucos entre os séculos XV-XVI e os usos terapêutico-punitivos da água nos séculos XVII e XIX, pretende-se examinar a tríade água-moral-loucura.
UM ESTUDO SOBRE A LINGUAGEM DA CATEGORIA DA OBRA
Authors: Soares Daniel
Published: November 2023

RESUMO Na Lógica da filosofia de Eric Weil, a obra aparece como ruptura com o absoluto, atitude da violência pura, cuja oposição se realiza pelo agir, portanto, é muda. E mesmo assim, essa atitude possui uma linguagem. Nosso objetivo é compreender como essa contradição é possível, caracterizando a linguagem da qual a obra faz uso. Para tanto, propomos uma pesquisa dividida em três seções. Na primeira, apresentamos a distinção entre linguagem e discurso conforme entendido por Weil. Assim surge o recurso por meio do qual se entende o empréstimo de um discurso à violência, o que permite acessar sua linguagem. Na segunda seção propomos uma divisão da linguagem da obra em três níveis: do fenômeno, da formalidade e da forma. Nessa seção também discutimos um exemplo da formalidade com a categoria da condição. Na terceira seção, propomos seis traços que constituem o terceiro nível da linguagem da obra: mito, metáfora, sentimento, serventia, proposição e imperativo. Finalizamos com uma revisão dos aspectos trabalhados à luz da mentira e com a proposta de um imperativo que se opõe ao imperativo da obra, portanto, à sua linguagem.
Desempenho das Unidades Básicas de Saúde e uso do Programa Farmácia Popular
Authors: Matta Samara Ramalho , Bertoldi Andréa Dâmaso , Emmerick Isabel Cristina Martins , Luiza Vera Lucia
Published: November 2023

Resumo Introdução O Brasil conta com dois programas de financiamento governamental para a provisão de medicamentos, o Programa Farmácia Popular do Brasil (PFPB) e a provisão em Unidades do Sistema Único de Saúde, ambos possuindo itens em comum. Objetivo Explorar a relação entre o uso do PFPB por hipertensos e diabéticos com fatores relacionados ao atendimento nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde, à estrutura da farmácia destas Unidades e à disponibilidade dos anti-hipertensivos e antidiabéticos comuns ao PFPB e ao SUS em municípios brasileiros de médio e grande porte populacional. Método Delineamento ecológico transversal utilizando dados secundários do PFPB e do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e Qualidade na Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB), com dados referentes ao ano de 2012. Resultados Municípios de médio porte apresentaram uma proporção de Unidades de Saúde com disponibilidade de anti-hipertensivos e antidiabéticos superior aos de grande porte. A maioria dos respondentes do PMAQ-AB relataram disponibilidade dos anti-hipertensivos e antidiabéticos nos serviços públicos. A análise multivariada mostrou que o uso da Farmácia Popular pela população está mais relacionado às situações emergenciais e ocasionais. Conclusão Na ausência do SUS, o PFPB supre a necessidade da população para obter medicamentos, evidenciando o seu importante papel para a continuidade do tratamento de muitos indivíduos com hipertensão e diabetes.
Striking a new balance: A qualitative study of how family life has been affected by COVID-19
Authors: Barreto Mayckel da Silva , Marques Francielle Renata Danielli Martins , Gallo Adriana Martins , Garcia-Vivar Cristina , Carreira Lígia , Salci Maria Aparecida
Published: November 2023

Objective: to examine the repercussions of the pandemic on the family system by focusing on the perspective of family members who contracted and experienced COVID-19. Method: an exploratory study with a qualitative approach conducted with 27 individuals who had COVID-19. Data collection took place through telephone interviews that were audio-recorded and guided by a semi-structured instrument. Data analysis was based on an inductive process supported by Reflexive Thematic Analysis. Results: the pandemic and illness of a family member acted as driving forces generating new and intense movements in the family system. Initially, they noticed negative repercussions such as concerns, fear, anguish, stress, distancing and social isolation. As time progressed and by using technologies to ease communication, they began to perceive positive repercussions such as increased proximity, strengthening of ties, development of new roles and care. The families also identified recovery of a balanced position, with return of certain readjustment in family dynamics and functioning. Conclusion: health professionals need to recognize that the COVID-19 disease has imposed repercussions on family systems, proposing interventions that help families face this moment and more easily recover a balanced position for their functioning.
Síntomas de Burnout entre médicos y enfermeros antes, durante y después de atender pacientes con COVID-19
Authors: Valdes-Elizondo Giselle Dayana , Álvarez-Maldonado Pablo , Ocampo-Ocampo Maria Angélica , Hernández-Ríos Grisel , Réding-Bernal Arturo , Hernández-Solís Alejandro
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: este estudio evaluó síntomas de Burnout entre médicos y enfermeros antes, durante y después de la atención provista a pacientes con la enfermedad COVID-19. Método: estudio comparativo y transversal realizado en la unidad de Atención Respiratoria de un hospital público de nivel terciario. Se empleó el Inventario de Burnout Maslach. Resultados: se distribuyeron 280 encuestas entre los tres períodos: antes (n=80), durante (n=105) y después (n=95) de la atención a pacientes con COVID-19; se obtuvieron 172 encuestas respondidas. Las tasas de respuesta fueron 57,5%, 64,8% y 61,1%, respectivamente. Los valores de prevalencia de Burnout grave fueron 30,4%, 63,2% y 34,5% antes, durante y después de la atención a pacientes por la enfermedad del coronavirus 2019 (p<0,001). Los síntomas de agotamiento emocional (p<0,001) y despersonalización (p=0,002) fueron más prevalentes entre los enfermeros que entre los médicos. El Síndrome de Burnout grave fue más prevalente en las mujeres, los enfermeros y el personal del turno noche. Conclusión: la elevada prevalencia de Burnout se duplicó en el primer pico de internaciones y regresó a niveles previos a la pandemia un mes después de finalizada la atención a pacientes por la enfermedad del coronavirus 2019. El Síndrome de Burnout varió por sexo, turno de trabajo y ocupación, y los enfermeros representaron los grupos más vulnerables. Es necesario enfocarse en estrategias de evaluación y mitigación tempranas para asistir a los enfermeros, no solo durante la crisis sino permanentemente.
What kind of sheets does the fat sleeper fish prefer? Effect of pond bottom color on the growth and health of Dormitator latifrons (Richardson 1844)
Authors: Palma-Cancino D. J. , Corrales-Ramírez M. del R. , Vega-Villasante F. , Yen-Ortega E. E. , Badillo-Zapata D.
Published: November 2023

Abstract A little-studied characteristic of the Mexican native fish Dormitator latifrons is the effect that the color of the bottom or lining of ponds or tubs can have on their growth and blood parameters under controlled conditions. After a quarantine period in prophylactic treatment, an initial assay was performed. The organisms were grouped into four treatments (white, yellow, blue, and black) in triplicate, with 30 individuals with an average weight of 34.7± 2.5 g and average size of 12.5 ± 1.5 cm per tank. The trial lasted 60 days, after which a final biometry to all specimens and blood extractions to six random organisms per tank were performed. The following hematological and blood chemistry parameters were evaluated: erythrocytes, cell counts, and differential counts, as well as glucose, albumin, a/g ratio, and total proteins. Final weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate presented statistical differences between treatments (p<0.05), with dark bottoms (blue and black) above 80% of WG and above 1.0 of SGR. No statistically differences were found in hematological blood chemistry parameters (p>0.05). The growth results suggest that dark pond bottoms promote the adaptation of Dormitator latifrons by allowing it to avoid detection by predators through the adoption of a cryptic coloration. However, the species shows a great capacity for crypsis, being able to change its pigmentation to adapt to different bottom colors.
16S metabarcoding analysis reveals the influence of organic and conventional farming practices on bacterial communities from the rhizospheric of Coffea arabica L.
Authors: Andrade P. H. M. , Machado P. C. , Paula A. F. , Paganin A. C. L. , Rezende G. S. , Matheucci Jr. E. , Carvalho L. M. , Freire C. C. M. , Cunha A. F. , Lacava P. T.
Published: November 2023

Abstract Coffea sp. is cultivated in many tropical countries. Brazil has always adopted intensive agricultural practices, but organic coffee farming is an alternative system based on the non-use of agrochemicals and the rational management of soils. Metabarcoding 16S analysis using next-generation sequencing has been developed to identify and compare the diversity of the Coffea arabica L. rhizospheric bacterial community in two farming areas in São Paulo, Brazil. Dourado uses conventional farming, while Ribeirão Corrente uses organic. We found broad taxonomic composition, with sequences from 24 phyla, 55 classes, 61 orders, 146 families, and 337genus. The three most abundant phyla were Proteobacteria (38.27%), Actinobacteria (15.56%), and Acidobacteria (16.10%). In organic farming, the top 3 were the family Sphingomonadaceae, order Rhizobiales, genus Nocardioides, and Gp6. The genus Gp2 and the phylum Candidatus Saccharibacteria were the most abundant OTUs exclusively present in conventional farming. In the organic farming practice, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria were also present among the exclusive OTUs; we also found OTUs belonging to Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Verrucomicrobia. Our study indicates a positive effect of organic farming on microbial communities. Fertilization may directly affect soil microbiota, suggesting that a large and active microbial community low in functional diversity might not adapt to new climatic conditions. A diverse community could provide better resilience to environmental changes, improving the productivity of this important crop.
Nitrogen metabolism in maize plants submitted to drought, brassinosteroids and azospirillum
Authors: Souza L. C. , Monteiro G. G. T. N. , Marinho R. K. M. , Souza E. F. L. , Oliveira S. C. F. , Ferreira A. C. S. , Oliveira Neto C. F. , Okumura R. S. , Souza L. C.
Published: November 2023

Abstract The water deficit in particular, reduces the productivity of vegetable crops. To minimize these harmful effects on agriculture, several agronomic and physiological practices are being studied, such as the use of bacteria and water stress attenuators, such as brassinosteroids. Considering the socioeconomic relevance of corn culture and its sensitivity when exposed to water deficit, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the action of brassinosteroids and azospirillum on nitrogen metabolism in corn plants subjected to water stress conditions. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in a period of 47 days, with corn plants, using the hybrid K9606 VIP3. The design was completely randomized, in a 2x2x3 factorial scheme, with six replications. The first factor corresponds to two water regimes (presence and absence of water deficit). The second corresponds to inoculation via seed of Azospirillum brasiliense and absence of inoculation. And the third corresponds to the application of three concentrations of brassinosteroids (0, 0.3 and 0.6 μM). Were determined Nitrate; nitrate reductase; free ammonium; total soluble aminoacids; soluble proteins; proline; glycine betaine and glutamine synthetase. The lack of water in plants provided a reduction in the protein and nitrate reductase contents, in leaves and roots. For ammonium, plants with water deficit inoculated at a concentration of 0.3 μM, obtained an increase of 7.16 (70.26%) and 13.89 (77.04%) mmol NH4 + .Kg-1. DM (Dry mass) on the leaf and root respectively. The water deficit in the soil provided significant increases in the concentrations of glycine betaine, nitrate, proline and aminoacids, both in the leaves and in the roots of the corn plants. On the other hand, the contents of glutamine synthetase had a reduction in both leaves and roots.
Cytotoxic/antiproliferative and nutraceutical activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of green and mature Averrhoa carambola
Authors: Fragoso A. G. , Cadoná M. M. , Bressiani P. A. , Gomes E. M. V. , Dalmolin I. A. L. , Tonial I. B. , Tonin L. T. D. , Hirata P. M. V. , Berti A. P. , Düsman E.
Published: November 2023

Abstract Averrhoa carambola L. presents in its composition diversity of nutrients and vitamins. The present study aimed to extract water and fat-soluble compounds from this fruit at different stages of maturation (green and mature), perform the physical-chemical characterization as well as evaluate its cytotoxicity against hepatoma cells of Rattus norvegicus (HTC). The physicochemical results showed that the pH and molar acidity is influenced by the fruit maturation state. The fruit presented high percentage of moisture, while the percentage of total minerals (ash) increased according to its maturation stage. The results of the phytochemical screening showed that star fruits present phenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity showed greater potential for the ethanolic extracts of the green and mature star fruit. For HTC cells treated with ethanolic extract of green and mature star fruit the data show absence of cytotoxic effect. The tests with the aqueous extract showed cytotoxic/antiproliferative effect of green and mature star fruit extract, in 24, 48 and 72 hours. The presence of nutraceutical compounds and the cytotoxic/antiproliferative activity were more expressive in the aqueous extract, being an option of easily accessible solvent economic and not harmful to organisms.
O Patrimônio Documental na literatura científica nacional da Ciência da Informação: pressupostos teóricos e práticos
Authors: Albuquerque Daniela Eugênia Moura de , Silveira Murilo Artur Araújo da
Published: November 2023

Resumo: O emprego do termo patrimônio documental, em uma constatação simplista, parece óbvio. No entanto, as discussões em torno do patrimônio documental, carece de aprofundamento nos estudos de informação, uma vez que o emprego reflete, diretamente, numa imprecisão conceitual entre o qualificativo “documental”. Diante disso, a pesquisa tem por objetivo geral analisar as relações teóricas e as aplicações sobre o patrimônio documental na literatura científica nacional da Ciência da Informação. O estudo apresenta fins descritivos, meios bibliográficos e análise de conteúdo, como métodos, em que foram levantados 69 artigos de autores brasileiros indexados da Base de Dados Referenciais de Artigos de Periódicos em Ciência da Informação publicados no período de 2010 a 2020. Considera que o patrimônio documental compreende toda coleção de documentos de natureza extremamente variada, pertencente a qualquer época e integrante de um conjunto de manifestações e representações culturais, históricas e contemporâneas, que é constituído da memória social, da cidadania, da identidade, da educação e da diversidade da humanidade, sendo de titularidade pública ou privada que contemple espaços: sociais, inovadores, identitários, humanísticos, culturais, científicos, históricos, memoriais, tecnológicos, por meio do vínculo com o país de origem, em que carrega atributos, substancialmente, informacionais.
Apoio social percebido por pessoas idosas em vulnerabilidade social segundo a funcionalidade familiar: um estudo transversal
Authors: Silva Ana Laura de Souza e , Ottaviani Ana Carolina , Orlandi Fabiana de Souza , Inouye Keika , Zazzetta Marisa Silvana , Pavarini Sofia Cristina Iost , Santos-Orlandi Ariene Angelini dos
Published: November 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar o apoio social percebido por pessoas idosas em contexto de vulnerabilidade social segundo a funcionalidade familiar. Método: Estudo transversal de abordagem quantitativa, realizado em São Carlos-SP, com 123 idosos inseridos em contexto de alta vulnerabilidade social. A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos: boa funcionalidade familiar e disfunção familiar moderada/severa. Foram coletados dados de caracterização sociodemográfica, funcionalidade familiar (APGAR de Família) e apoio social (Escala de Apoio Social do Medical Outcomes Study). Foram utilizados os testes estatísticos Mann-Whitney, Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher. Resultados: Houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre apoio social e funcionalidade familiar (p < 0,05). O grupo com boa funcionalidade familiar obteve maiores escores medianos de apoio social: afetivo 100,00; material 95,00; informação 90,00; emocional 90,00; interação social positiva 85,00; quando comparado ao grupo com disfunção familiar moderada/severa: afetivo 86,67; material 87,50; informação 70,00; emocional 65,00; interação social positiva 65,00. Conclusão: Pessoas idosas que vivem em famílias disfuncionais têm menos apoio social percebido quando comparadas àquelas que vivem em famílias com boa funcionalidade familiar.
Effect of rooting hormones and media on vegetative propagation of Bougainvillea
Authors: Shrestha Jebina , Bhandari Nirajan , Baral Swastika , Marahatta Sharad Parasar , Pun Umed
Published: November 2023

Abstract The propagation success of bougainvillea through hardwood stem cutting varied with rooting hormones and rooting media. This experiment was carried out to study the effect of rooting hormone and rooting media on hardwood cuttings of Bougainvillea glabra cv. Double Red during April-July, 2021. The treatments were combination of rooting hormones [Indole-3-Butyric Acid (500 mg L-1), Indole-3-Butyric Acid (1,000 mg L-1), Naphthalene Acetic Acid (1,500 mg L-1), Naphthalene Acetic Acid (3,000 mg L-1), Rootex C] and different rooting media (soil and farmyard manure, sand and farmyard manure, sand and cocopeat) in 1:1 ratio. Cuttings without rooting hormones served as control. We observed earliest sprouting (10.33 days) of cuttings treated with IBA (500 mg L-1) and planted in sand and cocopeat. The highest sprouting percent (100%) and length of longest sprout (49 cm) were recorded when cuttings were treated with Rootex C and planted in sand and cocopeat. The highest shoot fresh weight (10.04 g), shoot dry weight (2.09 g), length of root (13.75 cm), number of roots (34.17), root fresh weight (2.33 g) and root dry weight (0.24 g) was observed in cuttings treated with IBA (1000 mg L-1) and planted in sand and cocopeat. The effect of rooting hormone and rooting media on the diameter of sprouts, rooting percentage, and transplanting success percentage was non-significant. Considering economically important parameters (sprouting percentage and length of longest sprout), this study revealed that sand and cocopeat with Rootex C was the best combination for the propagation of bougainvillea.
Micropropagation of Trichopilia suavis Lindl. & Paxton
Authors: Hussien Muthab , Molkanova Olga , Mitrofanova Irina Vjacheslavovna
Published: November 2023

Abstract Trichopilia suavis is one of the important representatives of the genus Trichopilia, which can be used as a potted plant for the interior design. also, its beautiful inflorescences are added unusual element to bouquet compositions and actively used in the production of perfumes. This study was carried out in order to develop and improve micropropagation method for mass clonal production of T. suavis through protocorm culture. Half-strength Murashige and Skoog culture medium (½) has been modified by adding different organic components and growth regulators. The protocorms obtained from seeds germinated by asymbiotic method were used as explants. The results showed that the optimal treatment for formation of new protocorms (7.50 ± 0.7 units per protocorm) was obtained by culture on ½ MS medium with 0.5 mg L-1 of 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) and 100 mL L-1 of coconut water. At the stage of rooting, the highest number and length of roots (7.0 ± 0.45 units per plantlet, 2.64 ± 0.18 cm) were obtained through subsequent cultivation of plantlets on ½ MS medium with 0.5 mg L-1 indolyl-3-butyric acid (IBA), 1.0 g L-1 charcoal with the addition of 50 g L-1 of banana puree. The obtained seedlings were successfully adapted in a substrate consisting of bark, perlite and peat in a ratio of 1:1:1.
Comparison of muscular activity on ergometric bicycle and elliptical trainer in subjects with incomplete spinal cord injury
Authors: Santos Priscila Paula dos , Haselstrom Douglas , Rocha Thalita dos Santos , Zardo Franciele , Aita Jéssica Saccol Borin , Goldhardt Melissa Grigol , Cechetti Fernanda
Published: November 2023

Abstract Introduction Spinal cord injury generates muscle weakness, impairing orthostatism and gait. The elliptical trainer (ET) and the ergometric bicycle (EB) are rehabilitation options for this subject. Understanding the pattern of muscle activation generated by these methods is important to answer questions arising from clinical practice. Objective To verify muscle activation with ET and EB with and without electromyographic biofeedback in subjects with incomplete spinal cord injury (ISCI). Methods Cross-sectional crossover study, enrolled in Clinical Trials (NCT05118971). Subjects with spinal cord injury (incomplete spinal cord injury group - ISCIG) and without spinal cord injury (reference group - RG) were randomized into four groups: elliptical group (EG), elliptical + biofeedback group (EBG), bicycle group (BG) and bicycle + biofeedback group (BBG). Subjects were assessed for functionality by the Functional Independence Measure, injury classification by the ASIA Scale, muscle tone by the modified Ashworth scale, and muscle activity by electromyography. Results There was greater activation of the tibialis anterior on cycling compared to other modalities in ISCIG. Biofeedback offered no difference in any of the groups. In RG the vastus medialis was the most activated muscle in all modalities, with more expressive activation in the ET. In this same group, the tibialis anterior was more activated on the EB. Conclusion This study showed that both ET and EB are safe and effective in recruiting the muscles investigated, encouraging its use by rehabilitation professionals when the objective is to strength muscles involved in gait.
Diaphragm ultrasound after manual rib cage stabilization maneuver in premature newborns: clinical trial
Authors: Andreazza Marimar Goretti , Binotto Cristiane Nogueira , Silva Regina Paula Guimarãens Vieira Cavalcante da , Valderramas Silvia , Lima Monica Nunes
Published: November 2023

Abstract Introduction The manual rib cage stabilization maneu-ver (MRCSM) is a physical therapy intervention that promotes stabilization of the zone of apposition of the diaphragm, facilitating the contraction of this muscle and the work of breathing. Objective To evaluate by diaphragm ultrasound the diaphragmatic excursion in premature newborns before and after MRCSM. Methods Before-after clinical trial assessing by diaphragm ultra-sound the effectiveness of MRCSM in the amplitude of diaphragmatic excursions. Results The study sample consisted of 48 premature newborns born at a mean gestational age of 33.0 ± 2.8 weeks with a mean birth weight of 1,904.1 ± 708.9 grams. The newborns were classified in three groups: without respiratory distress syndrome (RDS; n = 26), with RDS (n = 15) and with apnea (n = 7) as a cause of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The measurements of diaphragmatic excursion and thickening were similar in newborns without or with RDS or apnea and there was a significant increase in the amplitude of diaphragmatic excursions after MRCSM (p < 0.001; effect size > 0.68) and less diaphragmatic thickening at exhalation in all of them. The diaphragm thickening fraction was 0.50 (0.33 - 0.72), and the diaphragm thickening rate was 0.04 (0.03 - 0.07). These measurements showed no significant variation with the presence or absence of RDS or apnea (p > 0.05). No significant variations in heart rate (p = 0.30), respiratory rate (p = 0.79), and peripheral oxygen saturation, consid-ering newborns in ambient air (p = 0.17) compared with baseline. Conclusion The MRCSM was effective, safe, and increased the amplitude of diaphragmatic excursion and thickness in premature newborns at one week of age, regardless of the presence or absence of RDS or apnea as a cause of admission to the NICU.
Small-strain shear modulus of silty sands: the role of sample preparation method
Authors: Chen Yutang , Yang Jun
Published: November 2023

Establishing the influence of sample preparation method on shear wave velocity or associated small-strain shear modulus (G0) of silty sands is a subject of considerable interest. This paper presents an attempt to address this topic through a comprehensive experimental programme covering four sample preparation methods. The experiments were conducted on clean Toyoura sand and its mixtures with two types of fines of different sizes. For each sample preparation method, a range of void ratio and confining stress was investigated to obtain a comprehensive view of the influence of sample preparation and its interplay with other factors. One of the notable findings is that, compared with clean sand, the difference of G0 induced by different sample reconstitution methods can be much enlarged for silty sand, and the influence is coupled with the size disparity ratio of the mixtures. The reduction of G0 due to the presence of fines also depends on sample preparation method and for smaller fines the reduction is more significant. A careful examination of the X-ray images of the specimens made by different methods suggests that the observed effects are mainly associated with the different contact conditions of coarse and fine grains.
From Ration Cards and Refugee Camps: Bureaucracy, Domesticity, and the 'Bleak House' that Modern Architecture Built During and After World War I
Authors: Eisterer S.E. , Sassin Erin Eckhold
Published: November 2023

Histories of architecture and WWI have often placed wartime advances in mechanization and standardization at the center of analysis, emphasizing how they opened new fields of inquiry in the aftermath of global conflict. These accounts, many written by leading apologists for interwar modernism, have concluded that materials and technologies breathed life into a period that was itself deemed a new beginning. This notion of a distinct break with the past and a start to a promising new era veils, obscures, and erases the violence and atrocities of the war. In a context where, as we argue, the social and material repercussions of World War I continued well into the 1920s, Elizabeth Povinelli, Sharika Thiranagama, and Jim Sykes’ writings on the concept of the ‘bleak house’ are illuminating. They posit that war characterized not only by obviously violent acts but also by the creation of ‘exhausted social worlds’. The perceived fracture between the wartime and postwar worlds served a particular purpose in rationalizing massive suffering. Indeed, the interwoven bureaucratic, militaristic, ... War I formed the very basis of interwar architecture culture. Amidst the wreckage, designers, economists, planners, and military personnel forged not a new world but an extension of wartime physical and mental geographies disguised in utopian community building.
Humanising Online Teaching and Learning in the BEd. Foundation Phase Programme: Moving Beyond Covid-19
Authors: Geduld Deidre , Nthimbane Koketsu , Kagola Obakeng
Published: November 2023

Covid-19 brought unforeseen and unpredicted challenges to higher education institutions (HEIs). In this paper, we recount the authors' experiences of exploring a humanising pedagogy as a way of practising social justice during online learning. Our Bachelor of Education, Foundation Phase (FP) classes consist of students from predominantly rural and urban low socioeconomic environments. The primary focus of this study was to explore the experiences of lecturers who teach a humanising pedagogy-embedded programme in the FP at an HEI through online learning in a highly under-resourced context. The study further focuses on technological strategies and pedagogies used in HEIs, issues related to lecturers' inclination and adaptation to technology, the digital divide, and barriers to online learning. This study resides within a critical transformative paradigm, and uses humanising pedagogy principles as a lens. We draw on our lived experiences and engage in dialogue to make sense of the process of online learning. In this qualitative research, we engage in narrative freewriting to gather data. Thematic analysis was used to reduce the data and to identify common themes. The two themes that emerged, and are discussed in this paper, are mutual vulnerability and lecturer resilience and collaboration. The findings of the study encouraged lecturers to critically reflect on the challenges and opportunities that Covid-19 presented, and to incorporate some of the practices that enabled better delivery of teaching in a humanising way.
Protocol to capture images of produce items using the AI enabled Grader App v2
Authors: Sharma Anjali
Published: November 2023

This protocol describes steps to capture, annotate, and label produce items as good or bad using the Grader App. The grader app is part of a larger system of systems conceived, designed, and developed by Anjali Sharma at SDG Labs, to reduce food waste using AI and robotics. The grader app is designed to leverage the power of citizen sourcing and AI to create an open image data set of good and bad produce items. The purpose of creating this open image data set is to help in training machine vision algorithms that can accurately differentiate between good and bad produce items. In this protocol I outline the steps following which, any citizen scientist can capture, annotate, and/or label good and bad produce items.
TÜRKİYE’DE YÜKSEKÖĞRETİM ALANINDA YAPILAN ÇALIŞMALARIN ULUSLARARASILAŞMA BAĞLAMINDA İNCELENMESİ: BİBLİYOMETRİK BİR ANALİZ
Authors: Baraçlı Hayri , Şahin Alperen , Dönmez Cem Çağrı
Published: November 2023

Günümüzde yükseköğretim, sadece bir ülkeye özgü faaliyetlerle sınırlı olmaktan çıkarak uluslararası bir etkinlik haline gelmiştir. Uluslararasılaşma, yükseköğretim kurumları için giderek daha önemli hale gelmektedir. Kurumlar, uluslararasılaşma stratejileri geliştirerek öğrencileri, akademik kadroları, araştırmaları ve yayınlarıyla dünya genelinde tanınırlıklarını artırmaktadırlar. Yükseköğretimin perspektifinin ve taleplerinin çeşitlenmesi, üniversitelerin ön plandaki kurumlar haline gelmesine ve yükseköğretim pazarında daha büyük bir paya sahip olma yarışına girmesine neden olmuştur. Türk üniversitelerinin dışa açılması ve eğilimlerin artması, eğitim hizmet ihracatı beklentilerini artırmıştır. Türkiye'nin yükseköğretimin uluslararasılaşması, yerel ve küresel durumuna etki etmekte ve ülkenin sosyokültürel ve ekonomik gelişimi için önemli bir faktör olmaktadır. Yükseköğretim sistemi, toplumun gelişimine ve ekonomik kalkınmaya önemli katkılar sağlamaktadır. Bu nedenle, yükseköğretim ile ilgili yapılan çalışmaların değerlendirilmesi ve analizi, bir dizi fayda ve sonuç ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Öncelikle, yükseköğretim ile ilgili yapılan çalışmaların incelenmesi, politika yapıcılar ve karar vericiler için büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmalar, yükseköğretim politikalarının oluşturulması ve iyileştirilmesi sürecinde temel bir bilgi kaynağı olarak hizmet etmektedir. Politika yapıcılar, bu çalışmaların sonuçlarına dayanarak daha bilinçli ve etkili kararlar alabilmektedirler. Bu kapsamda çalışmada Türkiye’deki yükseköğretim alanındaki akademik çalışmaların genel durumunu belirlemek, bu çalışmaların ulusal ve uluslararası düzeydeki etkisini değerlendirmek ve gelecekteki araştırma yönlerine ilişkin öneriler sunmak amaçlanmaktadır.
Possibilities of magnetic resonance imaging in visualizing the pudendal nerve in normal and pathological conditions
Authors: Beloborodov Vladimir A. , Stepanov Ivan A. , Ryllo Georgiy A.
Published: November 2023

Until recently, imaging of peripheral nerves was limited from a technical point of view, as there was no established “gold standard” study protocol for the purpose of qualitative visualization of nerve trunks in normal and pathological conditions. With technical advances in magnetic resonance imaging and the advent of specialized high-resolution magnetic resonance neurography, it has become possible to visualize peripheral nerves of varying diameters. A literature search in the Pubmed, Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and eLibrary databases demonstrated the presence of several studies examining the capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging in visualizing the pudendal nerve in normal and pathological conditions. It must be emphasized that the results of these studies are consistent and largely complement each other. A generalization of the available data on the capabilities of magnetic resonance neurography of the pudendal nerve was the impetus for writing this literature review. Magnetic resonance neurography is a tissue-specific imaging method optimized for assessing the condition of peripheral nerves, including changes in the morphology of their bundle structure, signal, the diameter and length of nerve trunks, which can be caused by both anatomical features and pathological processes. Three-dimensional (3D) imaging is critical for studying the topography of peripheral nerves, identifying areas of compression or traumatic injury, and for preoperative planning. Magnetic resonance imaging in certain modes and sections allows to clearly visualize the pudendal nerve along almost its entire length, determine the nature of its branching and the features of its topographic and anatomical location. The anatomical characteristics of the pudendal nerve and its pathological changes obtained using magnetic resonance neurography can be used in everyday clinical practice by urologists, obstetricians-gynecologists and neurosurgeons for planning surgical interventions.
Changes in the level of C-reactive protein depending on the severity of localized periodontitis of traumatic etiology
Authors: Smirnova Aleksandra V. , Kuzmina Diana A. , Semiglazova Yuliya F. , Iordanischvili Andrey K.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: The significant prevalence and course of inflammatory periodontal diseases are associated not only with the presence of known bacterial agents, but also with changes in the body’s immune system that occur as a result of aging.
AIM: To establish the relationship between the level of C-reactive protein in the blood and the course of localized periodontitis of traumatic etiology.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: During 2016–2019 169 patients with localized periodontitis of traumatic etiology (average age 56.44±0.14 years) of mild (102 people) and moderate (67 patients) severity at the Department of General Practice Dentistry of the North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov were examined. An in-depth dental examination, determination of periodontal indices, assessment of laboratory parameters (determination of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, assessment and calculation of the entropy of the blood leukocyte formula), complex treatment using splinting with orthopedic structures in the main group (69 patients) and without it in the comparison group (57 people) were carried out. Statistical processing of data was conducted using the Shapiro–Wilk, Pearson, Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests, Fisher’s exact test and χ2 test, and calculation of relative risk.
RESULTS: Oral hygiene was good (hygiene index 0.54±0.18) and satisfactory (hygiene index 0.79±0.21) with mild and moderate severity, respectively. The local Mulleman–Cowell index was increased by 2.7 times (1.43±0.50) with mild severity and almost 4 times (2.31±0.33) with moderate severity of localized periodontitis of traumatic etiology compared with general index (0.52±0.12; 0.64±0.18). In localized periodontitis of traumatic etiology of mode¬rate severity, an increase in the number of monocytes (8.7±2.12×109/l) and band neutrophils (5.4±1.47×109/l), an increase in the relative entropy of the leukocyte blood count (72.3±21.12%) compared with mild severity (62.8±14.9%; p=0.00089) were identified. With C-reactive protein concentrations ranging from 3 to 10 mg/l, the risk of developing localized periodontitis of moderate traumatic etiology increased by 1.74 times compared with C-reactive protein levels of less than 3 mg/l (p=0.0022).
CONCLUSION: In localized periodontitis of moderate traumatic etiology, an increase in the number of band neutrophils and monocytes, as well as the relative entropy of the leukocyte blood count was detected. Preclinical increases in the concentration of C-reactive protein contribute to an increase in the severity of the disease.