bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMAKNAAN REALITAS KEKERASAN SEKSUAL, PRAKTIK PATRIARKI, DAN FEMINISME DALAM FILM HUSH
Authors: Khotimah Khusnul
Published: February 2021

Through the issue of sexual violence as a manifestation of patriarchy practices and the emergence of feminist discourse as a way of discharge. This study attempted to see this further when it was constructed in a film called hUSh. The aim of the study wanted to know the extent of the audience's understanding of the reality of sexual violence, as well as the values of patriarchy and feminism in the film using Max Weber's Verstehen approach. Qualitative decectory methodology is used so that this research can objectively see the process of understanding the audience through interviews conducted after watching hUSh Film, to see their subjectivity to the reality of sexual violence, patriarchy, and feminism

             
KEARIFAN LOKAL DALAM MEMBANGUN KETAHANAN PANGAN PETANI
Authors: Sari Intan Purnama , Zuber Ahmad
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana kearifan lokal dalam sistem produksi pertanian dalam membangun ketahanan pangan petani di Desa Pascarejo. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem produksi pertanian yang dilakukan oleh petani merupakan hasil dari adaptasi lingkungan alam serta pengalaman bertani yang telah dilakukan bertahun- tahun lamanya. Melalui kearifan lokalnya, petani memiliki strategi-strategi yang dilakukan untuk membangun ketahanan pangan keluarga. Faktor pendukung adanya kelompok tani sebagai wadah pemberdayaan petani dalam membahas masalah pertanian, sedangkan faktor penghambat adalah terbatasnya ketersediaan air. Melalui kearifan lokalnya, petani di Desa Pacarejo dapat membangun ketahanan pangan keluarga.
UPAYA KOMUNITAS PEDULI SUNGAI DALAM PELAKSANAAN KONSERVASI SUNGAI BAKI DI KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO
Authors: Priambudi Hendrata Wahyuesa , Utami Trisni
Published: February 2021

Peran masyarakat dalam menciptakan dan menjaga kelestarian sungai sangat berpengaruh baik terhadap lingkungan alam maupun pada kehidupan masyarakat. Adanya kesadaran dari masyarakat terhadap masalah pencemaran sungai, menciptakan perilaku dan gerakan dari dalam diri masyarakat untuk berupaya sedemikian rupa melakukan konservasi sungai. Dalam upayanya melakukan konservasi sungai, masyarakat di Desa Menuran yang tergabung dalam Komunitas Masyarakat Peduli Kali Baki membentuk sebuah gerakan yang bertujuan untuk melakukan konservasi sungai dan menjaga kelestarian sungai, namun di sisi lain juga dapat dimanfaatkan sumber daya yang ada di sungai tersebut untuk kebutuhan masyarakat sekitar. Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif untuk menjawab bagaimana Komunitas Masyarakat Peduli Kali Baki melakukan upaya konservasi Sungai Baki dan mensosialisasikan kepada masyarakat dan dari hasil penelitian tersebut, secara keseluruhan dianalisis menggunakan Konsep AGIL yang dikemukakan oleh Talcott Parsons dalam teori Struktural Fungsional. Dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa Komunitas Masyarakat Peduli Kali Baki melakukan sosialisasi yang cenderung partisipatoris dan melakukan upaya konservasi sungai seperti pemanfaatan, perlindungan, dan pemeliharaan sungai secara berkala supaya sungai mampu sustainable di masa mendatang.
Soft-Tissue Balancing in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Boe Richard A. , Selemon Nicolas A. , Eachempati Krishna Kiran , Paprosky Wayne G. , Sheth Neil P.
Published: February 2021

» Appropriate total hip arthroplasty (THA) reconstruction must simultaneously address component position, restoration of biomechanics, and soft-tissue balance.

» Preoperative planning for complex THA cases should include radiographic templating, a detailed case plan that contains backup implant options, and a thorough understanding of the patient’s preoperative examination.

» Using a systematic approach to soft-tissue balancing in THA enhances the ability to intraoperatively execute the preoperative plan.

» In patients with preexisting deformities (e.g., dysplasia or prior surgery), increased attention to abductor function is necessary when assessing acetabular component placement and offset.
WITHDRAWN: Visual Similarity Versus Mental Rotation For Inverted and Upright Faces.
Authors: Rakover Sam S. , Bar-On Rani A. , Gliklich Anna
Published: February 2021

A major interest of research in face recognition lies in explaining the Face Inversion Effect (FIE), in which the recognition of an inverted face is less successful than that of an upright face. However, prior research has devoted little effort to examining how the cognitive system handles comparison between upright and inverted faces. In two experiments, such comparison is found to be based on visual similarity rather than on mental rotation of the inverted face to upright. Visual similarity is based on certain elements mutual to the two faces, which resist the transformation of inversion. These elements are symmetrical or salient components of the face, such as round eyes or thick lips.
Prognostic factors for mortality in invasive pneumococcal disease: a system review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Hao , Matsumoto Hiromi , Horita Nobuyuki , Hara Yu , Kobayashi Nobuaki , Kaneko Takeshi
Published: February 2021

Risk factors associated with mortality in invasive pneumococcal disease remain unclear. The present work is a meta-analysis of studies that enrolled only patients with invasive pneumococcal disease and reported on mortality. Potentially eligible reports were identified from PubMed, CHAHL, and Web of Science, comprising 26 reports in total. Overall mortality for invasive pneumococcal disease was reported as 20.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 17.5–24%). Factors associated with mortality were age (odds ratio (OR) 3.04, 95%CI 2.5–3.68), nursing home (OR 1.62, 95%CI 1.13–2.32), nosocomial infection (OR 2.10, 95%CI 1.52–2.89), septic shock (OR 13.35, 95%CI 4.54–39.31), underlying chronic diseases (OR 2.34, 95%CI 1.78–3.09), solid organ tumor (OR 5.34, 95%CI 2.07–13.74), immunosuppressed status (OR 1.67, 95%CI 1.31–2.14), and alcohol abuse (OR 3.14, 95%CI 2.13–4.64). Mortality rates with invasive pneumococcal disease remained high, and these findings may help clinicians provide appropriate initial treatment for this disease.Key points: The overall mortality rate from IPD has remained high, at 20.8% and older age, septic shock, immunosuppressed status, underlying chronic diseases, solid organ tumor, alcohol abuse, nursing home, and nosocomial infection were prognostic factors for mortality from IPD.
An autism-associated mutation in salt inducible kinase 1 causes repetitive behavior and social deficits due to enhanced excitatory neuronal functions in mice.
Authors: Badawi Moataz , Mori Takuma , Kurihara Taiga , Yoshizawa Takahiro , Nohara Katsuhiro , Kouyama-Suzuki Emi , Yanagawa Toru , Shirai Yoshinori , Tabuchi Katsuhiko
Published: February 2021

Background:Six mutations in the salt inducible kinase 1 (SIK1) coding gene have been identified in the early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE-30) patients accompanied by autistic symptoms, such as repetitive behavior and social behavioral deficits. Among these mutations, two are nonsense mutations that truncate the C-terminal region. It has been shown that the C-terminal truncated form of SIK1 protein affects the subcellular distribution of SIK1 protein, tempting to speculate the relevance to the pathophysiology of the disorders.Methods:We generated SIK1 mutant (SIK1-MT) mice recapitulating the C-terminal truncated mutations using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing. We performed cellular assays to examine the subcellular localization of SIK1-MT. We also performed patch clamp electrophysiological recording and behavioral tests to evaluate the neuronal functions and behaviors in SIK1-MT mice. Pharmacological experiments using risperidone were also performed to examine the potential therapeutics of the disorder.Results:SIK1-MT protein was distributed in the nucleus and cytoplasm, whereas the distribution of wild-type SIK1 was restricted to the nucleus. We found the disruption of excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) synaptic balance due to an increase in excitatory synaptic transmission and enhancement of neural excitability in the pyramidal neurons in layer 5 of the medial prefrontal cortex in SIK1-MT mice. We also found the increased repetitive behavior and social behavioral deficits in SIK1-MT mice. The risperidone administration attenuated the neural excitability and excitatory synaptic transmission, but the disrupted E/I synaptic balance was unchanged because it also reduced the inhibitory synaptic transmission. Risperidone also eliminated the repetitive behavior, but not social behavioral deficits.Limitations:We failed to identify drugs that can cure the social behavioral deficits in this mouse model.Conclusions:In the present study, we generated model mice for EIEE-30 recapitulating C-terminal truncated SIK1 mutation discovered in human patients. We found that the C-terminal deletion of SIK1 affects the subcellular distribution of SIK1, resulting in the elevated excitability of neuronal networks and autistic behaviors in the mutant mice. Repetitive behavior, but not social deficits, was restored by risperidone, probably due to the decrease of both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic functions by the drug.
Insight into the mechanisms of terminal HS-tolerance in wheat mutant with improved nutritional quality through de novo transcriptome sequencing
Authors: Kumar Ranjeet Ranjan , Bakshi Suman , Dubey Kavita , Hasija Sumedha , Rai Gyanendra K. , Jain Neelu , Jambhulkar Sanjay , Singh Bhupinder , Singh Gyanendra Pratap , Praveen Shelly
Published: February 2021

Terminal HS is one of the main bottle-neck in wheat yield and grain-quality. Here, we have developed wheat mutant (M3) for HS-tolerance [parent-MP3054- C-306/CB.SPRING BW/CPAN2072 (Parentage)]. To elucidate the mechanism of thermotolerance in mutant, we performed de novo transcriptomic sequencing of mutant (M3), parent (P3), and mutant exposed to HS (M3H). We sequenced 6.5, 7.5, and 7.0 million reads in P3, M3 and M3H and generated 3,05,537 genes and 5,88,788 transcripts with an N50 of 1,349 bp. We observed 6,120 upregulated and 4,428 downregulated transcripts (M3 vs P3), 11,354 upregulated and 12,408 downregulated genes (M3H vs P3) and 4817 upregulated and 9085 downregulated genes (M3H vs M3). Some of the highly upregulated genes observed were HSP20, SOD, ABC transporters, HSF, etc. and downregulated genes were starch synthase, sucrose synthase, etc. Gene Ontology analysis showed ‘ATP-binding’ to be most enriched category. Carbon metabolism pathway was observed most altered under HS. We identified 41940 SSRs, 1,10,772 SNPs and 2432 InDels. Potential markers were observed lying on HSP, SOD, STK, and starch synthase. Biochemical markers based characterization showed wheat mutant to be better in HS-tolerance and grain-quality, as compared to parent.
CAB39 mediates epithelial-mesenchymal transition via activation of NF-κB signaling to facilitate bladder cancer invasion and metastasis
Authors: Chao Haichao , Peng Lifen , Deng Leihong , Yu Zhaojun , Deng Huanhuan , Xu Fanghua , Xu Xiangda , Huang Jianbiao , Zeng Tao
Published: February 2021

Background

Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common urinary cancer among men with a high mortality rate despite of constant advancement in medical and therapeutic treatment. Recent evidence demonstrated that CAB39 plays a critical role in BC pathogenesis by exhibiting various biological activities, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this research was to define the expression patterns of CAB39 in normal and tumor tissues and explore its biological function in epithelia-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human BC.

Methods

Immunohistochemistry and Quantitative RT-PCR analyses were used respectively to examine the expression of CAB39 in BC tissues and cell lines with different metastatic potentials. In addition, the clinical significance of CAB39 expression was also evaluated. Wound-healing assay, cell invasion assay, and CCK8 proliferation assay in cell lines in which CAB39 was knocked down by shRNA, as well as xenograft tumor models in nude mice, were performed to assess the effect of CAB39 reduction on invasion, migration, and proliferation of BC cells. The GSEA database was used to analyze panel of genes enriched as a result of elevated CAB39 expression in BC cells, and the results were validated by western blot analysis.

Results

The level of CAB39 protein was up-regulated in invasive but not in noninvasive bladder cancer tissues. Elevated expression of CAB39 was inversely correlated with prognosis of the malignant disease. Additionally, CAB39 was differentially expressed in T24, 5637, and J82 bladder cancer cell lines with highest expression in T24, the most invasive cell line among the three. However, shRNA-mediated attenuation of endogenous CAB39 in T24 and 5637 cell lines reversed such invasive and metastatic effects as demonstrated by the inhibition of tumorigenesis in nude mice xenografts. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CAB39 could mediate EMT through upregulation of N-cadherin and downregulation of E-cadherin in BC via NF-kB signaling pathway.

Conclusions

Our study reveals a previously unknown mechanism of CAB39-mediated EMT in promoting invasion and metastasis of BC and provides a rationale for future investigation of CAB39 as a potential target for the development of novel therapeutic agents to fight the malignancy.
WITHDRAWN: Investigation of spray pyrolyzed cubic structured Cu doped SnS films
Authors: SARICA Emrah
Published: February 2021

In this work undoped and Cu doped SnS film at 4% and 8% were deposited onto glass substrates by spray pyrolysis technique in order to investigate the effect of Cu doping on their physical properties. Surface investigations showed that Cu doping reduced the surface roughness of SnS films from 36.5 nm to 8.8 nm. XRD studies revealed that all films have recently solved large cubic phase of SnS (p-SnS) with a- lattice of 11.53 Å and Cu doping led to reduction in crystallite size from 229 Å to 198 Å. Additionally, all deposited films were found to be under compressive strain. Optical band gaps of SnS:Cu varied in the range of 1.83 eV-1.90 eV. Hall-effect measurements exhibited that all film have p-type conductivity with low hole concentration (~10 11 -10 12 cm -3 ) and high electrical resistivity (~10 4 -10 5 Ωcm).
The Transcription Factor AtGLK1 Acts Upstream of MYBL2 to Genetically Regulate Sucrose-Induced Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zhao Dongming , Zheng Yuxuan , Yang lingjun , Yao Ziyu , Cheng Jianfeng , Zhang Fang , Jiang Haiyan , Liu Dong
Published: February 2021

Background: The regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis by various factors including sugars, light and abiotic stresses is mediated by numerous regulatory factors acting at the transcriptional level. Here experimental evidence was provided in order to demonstrate that the nuclear GARP transcription factor AtGLK1 plays an important role in regulating sucrose-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis.Results: The results obtained using real-time quantitative PCR and GUS staining assays revealed that AtGLK1 was mainly expressed in the green tissues of Arabidopsis seedlings and could be induced by sucrose. The loss-of-function glk1 glk2 double mutant has lower anthocyanin levels than the glk2 single mutant, although it has been determined that loss of AtGLK1 alone does not affect anthocyanin accumulation. Overexpression of AtGLK1 enhances the accumulation of anthocyanin in transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings accompanied by increased expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic and regulatory genes. Moreover, we found that AtGLK1 also participates in plastid-signaling mediated anthocyanin accumulations. Genetic, physiological, and molecular biological approaches demonstrated that AtGLK1 acts upstream of MYBL2, which is a key negative regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis, to genetically regulate sucrose-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis.Conclusion: Our results indicated that AtGLK1 positively regulates sucrose-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis via MYBL2.
Deducing insulin producing cells in goat adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Dubey Amit , Malik Hruda Nanda , Kumar Dinesh , Saini Sikander , Kumar Satish , De Arun Kumar , Bhattacharya Debasis , Malakar Dhruba
Published: February 2021

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a new herald for regenerative medicine for control of incurable diseases in human and animals. Diabetes occurs when the blood glucose is high due to lack of insulin hormone secreted by the pancreatic cells. The global diabetes in 2019 is estimated 463 million people and rising to 578 million by 2030.
Methods: Here we differentiated goat adipose tissue derived MSCs into insulin producing cells. To achieve this, the goat MSCs were cultured in serum-free DMEM/F12 medium containing glucose, nicotinamide, activin-A, exendin-4, pentagastrin, retinoic acid and mercaptoethanol for three weeks. The in vitro differentiation ADSCs into insulin-producing cells was confirmed by detecting the pancreatic endoderm specific markers i.e. Igf-1, Sst, Ngn3, Pdx-1, Isl-1, c-Kit, Thy-1, and Glut-2 in differentiating cells.
Results: There was a significant increase in insulin specific gene expression with respect to duration of differentiation. Pancreatic insulin-producing cells were further characterized by immunolocalization of Pdx-1, insulin, and Islets-1 specific protein. The release of insulin in response to a glucose challenge was also evaluated.
Conclusions: The study provides new opportunities for deciphering the basic mechanism of in vitro genesis of pancreatic cells and basic properties, availability, and abundance of ADSCs render them well-suited for applications in regenerative medicine.
Item-level monitoring, response style stability, and the hard-easy effect
Authors: Clariana Roy B. , Park Eunsung
Published: February 2021

Cognitive and metacognitive processes during learning depend on accurate monitoring, this investigation examines the influence of immediate item-level knowledge of correct response feedback on cognition monitoring accuracy. In an optional end-of-course computer-based review lesson, participants (n = 68) were randomly assigned to groups to receive either immediate item-by-item feedback (IF) or no immediate feedback (NF). Item-by-item monitoring consisted of confidence self-reports. Two days later, participants completed a retention test (IF = NF, no significant difference). Monitoring accuracy during the review lesson was low, and contrary to expectations was significantly less with immediate feedback (IF < NF, Cohen’s d = .62). Descriptive data shows that (1) monitoring accuracy can be attributed to cues beyond actual item difficulty, (2) a hard-easy effect was observed where item difficulty was related to confidence judgements as a non-monotonic function, (3) response confidence was predicted by the Coh-Metrix dimension Word Concreteness in both the IF and NF treatments, and (4) significant autocorrelations (hysteresis) for confidence measures were observed for NF but not for IF. It seems likely that monitoring is based on multiple and sometimes competing cues, the salience of each relates in some degree to content difficulty, but that the stability of individual response styles plays a substantive role in monitoring. This investigation shows the need for new applications of technology for monitoring multiple measures on the fly to better understand SRL processes to support all learners.
The influence of red blood cell transfusions on the progression-free survival of patients with localized squamous cell carcinoma of the anus treated with definitive chemoradiation
Authors: Zanella C.P. , Camandaroba M. , Mello C.A. , Kayano S. , Donadio M.D. , Riechelmann Rachel
Published: February 2021

Background: Red blood cells transfusions (RBCT) have been associated with worse oncological outcomes in distinct tumor types. Inhibition of the activities of Natural Killer (NK) and cytotoxic T cells are the supposed mechanisms underlying a transfusion-related immune modulation. Because the impact of RBCT on the outcomes of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) is uncertain, we aimed to evaluate its influence on the progression-free survival of patients with SCCA treated with definitive chemoradiation (ChRT). Methodology: This was a retrospective study of consecutive SCCA patients treated with definitive ChRT. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival according to receipt of at least one unit of RBCT. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses for progression-free survival were performed to evaluate prognostic factors. Results: From February 2003 to April 2018, 136 patients were included. The median age was 59 years, 77.2% was female and 13.9% had HIV infection. Transfused patients were more frequently female and had stage III tumors. Thirty-one (22.8%) patients received a RBCT, increasing the mean hemoglobin levels from 7.6 to 8.5g/dl. With a median follow-up time of 48 months, the median progression-free survival was 36.5 versus 146.9 months for transfused and non-transfused, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, RBCT ([HR]: 6.7 [IC] 95% 3.4-13.2, p<0.001) and stage III (HR: 3.0 [IC] 95% 1.4-6.5, p =0.005) were associated with inferior progression-free survival as compared to non-transfused and stage I-II, respectively. While the rates of complete responses and persistent local disease were similar between the groups, receipt of RBCT was significantly associated with progression (69.2% versus 14.9%; p < 0.00001).Conclusion: Our study suggests that the receipt of RBCT and clinical stage III disease were significantly associated with inferior progression free survival. RBCT or persistent anemia after transfusion did not influence the rates of complete response, but patients who received RBCT presented significantly higher rates of tumor progression.
WITHDRAWN: Association of Maternal Serum Zinc, Copper and Magnesium Levels, Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain Patterns With the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Third-trimester Pregnant Women: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gholizadeh Masoomeh , Rouzitalab Tohid , Ghavamzadeh Saeid , Daneshzad Elnaz
Published: February 2021

Background: This study sought to evaluate the association between selected micronutrients (zinc, copper, and magnesium), pre-pregnancy BMI, and weight gain during pregnancy with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus third-trimester pregnant women Urmia, Iran. Methods: This analytic cross-sectional study included 400 pregnant women. The nutritional, demographic, clinical data, and fasting blood samples (selected micronutrients and blood glucose) were evaluated. The data were analyzed using chi-square, independent t-test, and logistic regression tests. Results: The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was 18%. The OR for GDM was (OR: 0.329; 95% CI: 0.156-0.696) in normal-weight compared to mothers who were obese before pregnancy. Normal serum zinc concentration was associated with 0.413-fold lower rates of developing GDM (95% CI: 0.227-0.750). Magnesium supplementation was inversely associated with the risk of GDM (OR: 0.986; 95% CI: 0.979-0.994). Inadequate and excessive gestational weight gain was significantly associated with developing GDM in lean and obese women before pregnancy, respectively (p=0.01, p=0.003). Conclusions: Gestational diabetes is highly prevalent in Urmia, and it is likely related to excessive serum zinc concentrations, elevated pre-pregnancy BMI, and gestational weight gain.
Safety efficacy and tolerability of the calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies for migraine prevention in a real world setting
Authors: Al-Hashel Jasem Yousef , Alroughani Raed , Ashkanani Hasan Kh , AlMutairi Ohood , Akl Amr , Alwazzan Sawsan , Ahmed Samar Farouk
Published: February 2021

Background:Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) monoclonal antibodies were approved as preventive treatment for migraine. We aimed to assess CGRP monoclonal antibodies efficacy and safety.Methods:Patients were diagnosed based on International Classification of Headache Disorders disorders-third edition, (ICHD-III). Eligible patients received CGRP monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and had a follow up visits for at least three months. Primary end point was a 50% or greater reduction in mean migraine days per month at the last visit. Secondary end points were change from baseline to last visit in the mean number of migraine days per month, change in the number of days of use of analgesics, change in the severity of headache pain, and change in scores on the Quality of life (QOL) questionnaire. Safety and tolerability were reported.Results:This prospective study included 63 migraine patients, with a mean age of 44.59 years. Females represented 77.8% of the cohort. A 50% or greater reduction in the mean number of migraine days per month was achieved in 68.3% of patients. At the last visit, patients had a significant reduction in migraine days, number of days of analgesic-usage and the severity of headache (5.13+ 4.11versus 14.04 + 7.77; p < 0.01), (6.43+ 6.34 versus 15.85 +7.31; p <. 0001), (5.40 +2.48 versus 9.67+ 0.72; p < 0.001) respectively. CGRP mAb treatment significantly improved quality of life (112.20+ 12.20 versus 92.13 +15.84; P< 0.001). 14.4% reported adverse events.Conclusion:Prophylactic CGRP monoclonal antibodies treatment for migraine were efficacious and reduced the number of monthly migraine days and the use of days of analgesics.
Amyloid-Beta induces different expression pattern of tissue transglutaminase and its isoforms on Olfactory Ensheathing Cells: modulatory effect of Indicaxanthin
Authors: Campisi Agatina , Raciti Giuseppina , Sposito Giovanni , Grasso Rosaria , Chiacchio Maria A. , Spatuzza Michela , Attanzio Alessandro , Chiacchio Ugo , Tesoriere Luisa , Allegra Mario , Pellitteri Rosalia
Published: February 2021

Alzhèimer Disease (AD) is characterized by protein aggregates in the brain, including amyloid-beta (Aβ), a substrate for tissue transglutaminase (TG2). We assessed the effect of full native peptide of Aβ (1–42), the fragments (25–35 and 35–25) on TG2 expression and its isoforms (Long and Short) on mouse Olfactory Ensheathing Cells (OECs). The levels of cytoskeletal proteins, Vimentin and Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein, were also studied. The effect of the pre-treatment with Indicaxanthin on cell viability, total Reactive Oxygen Species, superoxide anion and apoptotic pathway activation was assessed. Since Nestin is co-expressed in pluripotent stem cells with cyclin D1, their levels were also evaluated. Our findings highlight that Aβ (1–42) and its fragments induced an increase of TG2 levels and the different expression pattern of its isoforms on OECs. Indicaxanthin pre-treatment was able to reduce TG2 over-expression upregulated by Aβ exposure of cells differently modulating its isoforms. In addition, it prevented total Reactive Oxygen Species and superoxide anion production, it reduced Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein and Vimentin levels and inhibited apoptotic pathway activation. It also leaded to an increase of Nestin and cyclin D1 expression, stimulating stem cells renewal through the reparative activity played by TG2. Our results suggest that Aβ in OECs, both in the absence and in the presence of Indicaxanthin, might differently induce the transition of TG2 between “closed” and “open” conformation, providing a new mechanism involved in the signal pathways activated by the protein in Aβ injury important for neural regeneration of AD.
Reduced Graphene Oxide/Ruthenium Oxide Hexacyanoferrate Nanocomposite for Electrochemical Determination of Ethanol in Commercial Samples
Authors: Borges Pedro , Nossol Edson
Published: February 2021

Reduced graphene oxide/ruthenium oxide hexacyanoferrate (rGO/RuOHCF) modified electrode showed synergic activity between the materials attested by the increase of electrochemical current and stability. The preparation of the nanocomposite was made by a simple two-step electrochemical approach. The material structure was characterized by spectroscopic techniques (Raman, infrared and energy-dispersive X-ray) as well as its morphology by scanning electron microscopy and compared to the analogously prepared reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and ruthenium oxide hexacyanoferrate (RuOHCF) thin films spectra and images. The results suggest that the improvement of the nanocomposite electrochemical activity is generated by the well-distributed RuOHCF nanometric particles over high-surfaced graphene sheets. Ethanol electrochemical oxidation in the rGO/RuOHCF modified electrode was performed in 0.1 mol L-1 NaCl (pH = 1.5) solution and it showed an anodic current peak starting at 0.9 V. Scan rate tests exhibited a diffusioncontrolled process not followed by any coupled chemical reaction. The determination of ethanol by amperometry coupled with batch injection analysis (BIA) system resulted in a wide linear range (20-400 mmol L-1) and good sensitivity (0.150 μA L mmol-1). The nanocomposite also showed application as an electrochemical sensor of ethanol in commercial samples mainly because of its easy preparation comparing to biosensors.
Mikhail Lifshits, György Lukács and theory of aesthetic reflection
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Kamnev Vladimir M. , Kamneva Lolita S. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: February 2021

Mikhail Lifshits and György Lukács are known as authors of an absolutely original concept of the cognitive force power of art. The theory of reflection which had a reputation of as one of the most inert rigid and dogmatic aspects of the philosophy of Marxism in general was the cornerstone of this concept. Quite often such a negative reputation of the theory of reflection affects also the general negative relation to an attitude towards the aesthetics of Lifshits and Lukács. However, actually this theory was uniquely interpreted by received from Lifshits and Lukács very original interpretation. First, they always emphasized the fact that the theory of reflection is not a Marxist invention, and thatbut is the it represents a result of a long development of the classical tradition of philosophical and aesthetic thinking. Secondly, reflection itself cannot be understood as a photographic copying of reality at all. Of great importance is the Very important is the circumstance that the theory of aesthetic reflection is justification of the objective nature of art, justification of realism as the highest artistic method of for the knowledge of reality. At the same time, the theory of reflection acts as the methodological tool of for criticism of modernism in art. Attentive Carefully studying of the theory of aesthetic reflection by of Lifshits and Lukács allows makes it possible to reveal identify certain investigations consequences, which owing for to various reasons remained only implied in their texts. FSo, for example, the statement assertion that the realism is the highest method of art istic cognitionknowledge, allows to us to understand the negative relation attitude of Lifshits and Lukács to the art of socialist realism. The Historical and aesthetic reconstruction of the qualification of such a phenomenon of art of the 20 th century art as magical realism, and its dispositions in the opposition of realism and modernism which is key essential for an the aesthetics of Mikh Lifshits and G. Lukács, opposition of realism and modernism can appearmay turn out to be very interesting.
St. Petersburg scientific school of the theory of public gouvernance and policy on the 25th anniversary of the Department Political Governance of St. Petersburg State University
Authors:   RANEPA — The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Komarovsky Vladimir , Morozova Elena ,   Kuban State University, Soloviev Alexandr ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: February 2021

2020 marks the 25th anniversary of the Department of Political Governance of St. Petersburg State University. During the existence of the department, the scientific activity of its employees and graduate students led to the formation of the St. Petersburg scientific school of the theory of public governance and policy. The article describes the main thematic and theoretical issues that are in the field of research interests of the school’s participants. A number of challenges that public policy and governance face in the context of growing diversity, mobility and uncertainty of social development are noted. The role of historical traditions in studying public administration at St. Petersburg University is emphasized. The main ideas, notions and concepts developed by the school’s participants are revealed: the concept of a coordinating state, the development of the theory of administrative and political networks, the principle of cooperation, a cognitive approach to public administration, the theory of public governability and the formation of institutional for- mats of digital governance. It is highlighted that the development of governance research was based on the formation of scientific cooperation networks and financial support from a number of national foundations.
United Nations institutions for the development of digital cooperation
Authors:   MGIMO-University under the MFA of Russia, Leenders Anna Maria , Grishin Nikolai ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of a study of the characteristics of modern institutions created by the United Nations (UN) in the framework of the direction of activities on digital cooperation. The methodological basis of the research is constructivism as one of the approaches to the study of international relations. The creation of international institutions for digital development can be explained within the framework of the constructivist approach as a manifestation of the priority of values and standards as well as adherence to the logic of public good and societal benefit. For the first time in scientific literature, an analysis of institutions such as the Global Forum on Internet Governance and the UN Secretary General’s High Level Group on Digital Cooperation is presented. The implementation of initiatives for the creation of international institutions considered, and the choice of their institutional design, became possible only with the support of the governments of Member States. The institutional infrastructure that is created significantly increases the oppor- tunities for non-state actors to participate in global politics and exercise direct influence on the UN. The process of preparing the UN Roadmap for Digital Cooperation was accompanied by the creation of unprecedented institutional forms that allowed for the involvement of a wide range of stakeholders. The digital revolution and the subsequent rapidity of communications and transfor- mation of forms of interaction cause and facilitate the new institutional forms and necessitate the developmental policy reforms. The algorithm for discussing the report of the High-Level Group, which ensures a balanced and diversified participation of state and non-state actors in the preparation of international recommendations, is particularly innovative.
Hydro-biological characterization and efficiency of natural waste stabilization ponds in a desert climate (city of Assa, Southern Morocco)
Authors: Achag Badre , Mouhanni Hind , Bendou Abdelaziz
Published: February 2021

The city of Assa is located in a Saharian area characterized by an arid climate and water scarcity. Like any other Saharian city in a developing country, the city is facing the challenges of rapid urbanization and the need to improve wastewater treatment and management. The main objective of this work is to assess the performance of waste stabilization ponds in an arid area. This evaluation concerns microbiological and physico-chemical monitoring over three and twelve months respectively. Microbiological results indicate bacterial elimination rates of over 90% in autumn–winter due to the effectiveness of facultative ponds with 20–25 days of retention time, water clarity, ponds depth, and high sunlight exposure and penetration. Physico-chemical parameters surpass the Moroccan standards for reuse except Ph and T0 by 20–30%, this wastewater is relatively loaded with various pollutants, especially high organic load and low oxygen content. Statistical analysis has been made by principal component analysis (PCA), and confirms that dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, COD and BOD5 do not reach the threshold for discharge into the natural environment, and moreover their reuse. For the improvement of the quality of these waters, it is legitimate to provide an upgrade of this plant by a tertiary treatment with maturation ponds.
Identification of Butyrylcholinesterase and Monoamine Oxidase B Targeted Ligands and their Putative Application in Alzheimer’s Treatment: A Computational Strategy
Authors: Jabir Nasimudeen R. , Rehman Md. Tabish , Tabrez Shams , Alserihi Raed F. , AlAjmi Mohamed F. , Khan Mohd Shahnawaz , Husain Fohad Mabood , Ahmed Bakrudeen Ali
Published: February 2021

Background:

With the burgeoning worldwide aging population, the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and its associated disorders is continuously rising. To appraise other relevant drug targets that could lead to potent enzyme targeting, 13 previously predicted ligands (shown favorable binding with AChE (acetylcholinesterase) and GSK-3 (glycogen synthase kinase) were screened for targeting 3 different enzymes, namely butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) to possibly meet the unmet medical need of better AD treatment.

Materials and Methods:

The study utilized in silico screening of 13 ligands against BChE, MAO-A and MAOB using PyRx-Python prescription 0.8. The visualization of the active interaction of studied compounds with targeted proteins was performed by Discovery Studio 2020 (BIOVIA).

Results:

The computational screening of studied ligands revealed the docking energies in the range of -2.4 to -11.3 kcal/mol for all the studied enzymes. Among the 13 ligands, 8 ligands (55E, 6Z2, 6Z5, BRW, F1B, GVP, IQ6, and X37) showed the binding energies of ≤ -8.0 kcal/mol towards BChE, MAO-A and MAO-B. The ligand 6Z5 was found to be the most potent inhibitor of BChE and MAO-B, with a binding energy of -9.7 and -10.4 kcal mol, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulation of BChE-6Z5 and MAO-B-6Z5 complex confirmed the formation of a stable complex.

Conclusion:

Our computational screening, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation studies revealed that the above-mentioned enzymes targeted ligands might expedite the future design of potent anti-AD drugs generated on this chemical scaffold.
Update on Acrylic Resins Used in Dentistry
Authors: Raszewski Zbigniew , Nowakowska-Toporowska Agnieszka , Nowakowska Danuta , Więckiewicz Włodzimierz
Published: February 2021

Acrylic resins are the most commonly used materials in prosthetics and orthodontics until
now. They have a well-documented history of use as biomaterials in the manufacturing of different
types of dental appliances. The objective of this study was to describe the properties of acrylic resins
and the processing methods used for these materials in dentistry. The review depicts the most important
achievements in this area, indicating that the resin technology evolved in different directions.
The mechanical and biological properties of acrylic resins were improved by the addition of mineral
or natural fibers, and/or fillers, including nanofillers, as well as by poly(methyl methacrylate) surface
modification. The presence of residual monomer was reduced as a result of postpolymerization activity.
New types of acrylic resins were developed for processing Computer-Aided Design/Computer-
Aided Manufacturing systems and three-dimensional printing.
Polyhedra, Tiles and Graphene Defects: The Case of Tetraoctite
Authors: Elguero José , Alkorta Ibon
Published: February 2021

:

This mini review concerns hydrocarbons, (CH)n, and carbon allotropes, Cn, and their relationships
with regular solids and regular surfaces, respectively. Platonic and Archimedean solids and
surfaces related to carbon allotropes are described as an introduction. An overview is then provided
on how Stone-Wales defects lead to a series of structures: pentaheptite, Haeckelite, net C, net W,
planar C4, biphenylene, graphyne, graphdiyne, and tetraoctite. This last compound is discussed in
detail together with its relation to the Mills-Nixon effect on cyclooctatetraene (COT).
The Development of Floating Multiple Unit Mini Tablets of Bosentan Using QbD: Characterisation and Pharmacokinetic Study
Authors: Panda Santosh Kumar , Sahu Manoranjan , Panigrahi Kahnu Charan , Patra Chinam Niranjan , Jena Goutam Kumar
Published: February 2021

Background:

In order to achieve steady state concentration multiple dosing is required for bosentan. Hence formulating bosentan controlled release formulation could be an approach to solve this issue.

Objective:

The objective is to develop floating multiple unit minitablets of bosentan using Quality by design approach.

Methods:

Failure mode effect analysis (FMEA) and Taguchi design are employed in order to
screen highly critical factors. Box-Behnken design (BBD) was adopted for the process of optimization.

Results:

The quantity of gelucire 39/01, HPMC K15 M, and sodium bicarbonate was found to be
one of the significant factors using Taguchi design. The Box-Behnken design results in the optimised
formulation showing floating lag time within 3 min, floating time of nearly 15 h, time to release
50% of drug of 3.6 h, time to release 90% of drug of 11h and better bioavailability compared
to pure drug.

Conclusion:

It can be concluded that floating multiple unit minitablet can be used as an encouraging
approach for sustaining the drug release of bosentan.
A new generalization of the inverse Lomax distribution with statistical properties and applications
Authors:   Department of Mathematical Statistics, Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt, et al. Hassan
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we introduce a new generalization of the inverse Lomax distribution with one extra shape parameter, the so-called power inverse Lomax (PIL) distribution, derived by using the power transformation method. We provide a more flexible density function with right-skewed, uni-modal, and reversed J-shapes. The new three-parameter lifetime distribution capable of modeling decreasing, Reversed-J and upside-down hazard rates shapes. Some statistical properties of the PIL distribution are explored, such as quantile measure, moments, moment generating function, incomplete moments, residual life function, and entropy measure. The estimation of the model parameters is discussed using maximum likelihood, least squares, and weighted least squares methods. A simulation study is carried out to compare the efficiencies of different methods of estimation. This study indicated that the maximum likelihood estimates are more efficient than the corresponding least squares and weighted least squares estimates in approximately most of the situations Also, the mean square errors for all estimates are decreasing as the sample size increases. Further, two real data applications are provided in order to examine the flexibility of the PIL model by comparing it with some known distributions. The PIL model offers a more flexible distribution for modeling lifetime data and provides better fits than other models such as inverse Lomax, inverse Weibull, and generalized inverse Weibull.
Transition from hospital to home during COVID-19: A case report from an Australian transitional care program
Authors: Gough Claire , Hutchinson Claire , Barr Chris , Maeder Anthony , George Stacey
Published: February 2021

Aim and Background: With the ongoing COVID-19 global pandemic, consideration for vulnerable groups, including our ageing population has been of great concern. Social isolation has been recommended to protect older adults with chronic diseases and reduce the spread of the virus, as well as to prevent healthcare services becoming overwhelmed. Yet social isolation presents its own health risks.

Methods: In this paper, we provide commentary on the lived experience of returning home from hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. This case report details the experience of an 83-year-old female, who was living and mobilising independently in her own home, prior to hospital admission following a fall and resultant head injury.

Results: The participant returned home during the COVID-19 pandemic with a community transition care program which included assistance with cleaning tasks, shopping, and physiotherapy over a 45-day period.

Conclusions: COVID-19 has illuminated the issue of social isolation and increased awareness of its negative health effects at a global level. As society eases restrictions and returns to a new ‘normal’, many older adults will remain socially isolated. Ongoing allied health intervention is required to ensure quality of life through the latter years and to support older adults through periods of social distancing.

Keywords: transition care; COVID-19, social isolation, community participation
Commercial Off-The-Shelf Video Games for Reducing Stress and Anxiety: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Pallavicini Federica , Pepe Alessandro , Mantovani Fabrizia
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

Using commercial off-the-shelf video games rather than custom-made computer games could have several advantages for reducing stress and anxiety, including their low cost, advanced graphics, and the possibility to reach millions of individuals worldwide. However, it is important to emphasize that not all commercial video games are equal, and their effects strongly depend on specific characteristics of the games.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this systematic review was to describe the literature on the use of commercial off-the-shelf video games for diminishing stress and anxiety, examining the research outcomes along with critical variables related to computer game characteristics (ie, genre, platform, time of play).

METHODS

A systematic search of the literature was performed following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. The search databases were PsycINFO, Web of Science, Medline, IEEExplore, and the Cochrane Library. The search string was: [(“video game*”) OR (“computer game*”)] AND [(“stress”) OR (“anxiety”) OR (“relaxation”)] AND [(“study”) OR (“trial”) OR (“training”)].

RESULTS

A total of 28 studies met the inclusion criteria for the publication period 2006-2021. The findings demonstrate the benefit of commercial off-the-shelf video games for reducing stress in children, adults, and older adults. The majority of the retrieved studies recruited young adults, and fewer studies have involved children, middle-aged adults, and older adults. In addition to exergames and casual video games, other genres of commercial off-the-shelf games helped to reduce stress and anxiety.

CONCLUSIONS

Efficacy in reducing stress and anxiety has been demonstrated not only for exergames and casual video games but also for other genres such as action games, action-adventure games, and augmented reality games. Various gaming platforms, including consoles, PCs, smartphones, mobile consoles, and virtual reality systems, have been used with positive results. Finally, even single and short sessions of play had benefits in reducing stress and anxiety.

CLINICALTRIAL

International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols INPLASY202130081; https://inplasy.com/?s=INPLASY202130081