bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
China’s Governance in the “New Era” of Xi Jinping
Authors: Perry Elizabeth J.
Published: October 2024

The dramatic shifts in policies and practices of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) over the course of its tumultuous 75-year history underscore the decisive importance of political leadership. Institutionally, China closely resembles other former and surviving Communist regimes. Operationally, however, its dynamic patterns of governance reflect the shifting concerns of a succession of visionary Communist Party leaders.
Subsurface Temperature Anomalies Off Central Oregon During 2014–2021
Authors: Cervantes Brandy T. , Fewings Melanie R. , Risien Craig M.
Published: October 2024

We use moored observations in 80 m water depth at the NH‐10 site along the historic Newport Hydrographic Line from 1999 to 2021 to calculate water temperature anomalies at the surface, near surface, and bottom. Analysis is focused on the subsurface temporal and spatial characteristics of marine heatwaves (MHWs) during 2014–2016 and 2019–2020 on the continental shelf and slope. Warm anomalies extend throughout the water column in fall/winter 2014–2016 when winds are predominantly downwelling‐favorable, while the 2019–2020 period is characterized by shallower summer and fall anomalies on the shelf. Sustained temperature anomalies during the bottom MHW in late 2016 are the largest in the NH‐10 time series. Analysis of temporal patterns in wind stress during MHW and non‐MHW periods shows the onset of upwelling‐favorable winds interrupts warm events. Indices of cumulative upwelling and annual spring transition dates reveal the spring transition was unusually late in 2014, with only five years with later spring transitions since the upwelling index record began in 1967. In 2015 and 2019, in contrast, spring transition is close to the climatological mean of April 15. In 2016 and 2020, anomalous warming is observed when cumulative upwelling decreases after an early spring transition.
A Framework for Assessing Ocean Mixed Layer Depth Evolution
Authors: Legay Alexandre , Deremble Bruno , Penduff Thierry , Brasseur Pierre , Molines Jean‐Marc
Published: October 2024

The ocean surface mixed layer plays a crucial role as an entry or exit point for heat, salt, momentum, and nutrients from the surface to the deep ocean. In this study, we introduce a framework to assess the evolution of the mixed layer depth (MLD) for realistic forcings and preconditioning conditions. Our approach involves a physically‐based parameter space defined by three dimensionless numbers: λs representing the relative contribution of the buoyancy flux and the wind stress at the air‐sea interface, Rh the Richardson number which characterizes the stability of the water column relative to the wind shear, and f/Nh which characterizes the importance of the Earth's rotation (ratio of the Coriolis frequency f and the pycnocline stratification Nh). Four MLD evolution regimes (“restratification,” “stable,” “deepening,” and “strong deepening”) are defined based on the values of the normalized temporal evolution of the MLD. We evaluate the 3D parameter space in the context of 1D simulations and we find that considering only the two dimensions (λs, Rh) is the best choice of 2D projection of this 3D parameter space. We then demonstrate the utility of this two‐dimensional λs − Rh parameter space to compare 3D realistic ocean simulations: we discuss the impact of the horizontal resolution (1°, 1/12°, or 1/60°) and the Gent‐McWilliams parameterization on MLD evolution regimes. Finally, a proof of concept of using observational data as a truth indicates how the parameter space could be used for model calibration.
Biodiversity Conservation Strategies From No Net Loss to Net Gain. A Multidimensional Accounting Method
Authors: Yan Ningyu , Liu Gengyuan , Ulgiati Sergio , Yang Zhifeng
Published: October 2024

Biodiversity credits are increasingly recognized as a potential instrument to incentivize and bolster efforts in biodiversity conservation. Nevertheless, their efficacy is impeded by a dearth of research. To mitigate these constraints, this study introduces a comprehensive and integrated framework for appraising biodiversity credits. Drawing upon the Emergy Accounting methodology, the framework encompasses four key perspectives: Emergy‐based Ecosystem Potential (EEP), Emergy‐based Ecosystem Network (EEN), Emergy‐based “Species' to Human” contributions (ESH), and Emergy‐based Species' Significance. Furthermore, this study scrutinizes the trajectory of biodiversity credits across 31 provinces spanning from 2000 to 2050, considering 220 distinct scenarios. The findings reveal that China has attained the no net loss (NNL) objective concerning conventional area‐based conservation targets, with forest cover encompassing 27% of the total land area. However, biodiversity credits at the ecosystem level exhibit an escalating trend, with growth rates ranging from 0.73% to 1.0%, while credits at the species level depict a decremental trend, with an approximate growth rate of −0.21%. Under a scenario of moderate growth, projections for the year 2030 indicate that the EEP credit is poised to accrue approximately 4.76E + 20 solar emjoules (sej), the EEN credit is forecasted to accumulate around 1.03E + 21 sej, and the ESH credit is anticipated to decline by 1.46E + 23 sej within the context of the NNL paradigm. These outcomes underscore the necessity of delineating differentiated biodiversity goals, and furnish insights into the dynamics of supply and demand pertaining to biodiversity credits within the ambit of offsetting schemes across the nation.
Competing Phases of Iron at Earth's Core Conditions From Deep‐Learning‐Aided ab‐initio Simulations
Authors: Li Zhi , Scandolo Sandro
Published: October 2024

The properties and relative stability of different structures of iron at the extreme conditions of pressure and temperature of relevance for the Earth's core were determined with ab‐initio atomistic simulations aided by a machine‐learning force‐field. We find that the body‐centered cubic (bcc) structure is mechanically stable at core temperatures, but its free energy is marginally higher than those of the hexagonal close‐packed and face‐centered cubic structures. The bcc structure is the only structure whose shear sound velocity matches seismic data. The small free‐energy difference between competing structures suggests that the role of impurities could be crucial in stabilizing the bcc structure in the inner core.
The Rapid Response of Southern Ocean Biological Productivity to Changes in Background Small Scale Turbulence
Authors: Ellison E. , Mazloff M. , Mashayek A.
Published: October 2024

Background subsurface vertical mixing rates in the Southern Ocean (SO) are known to vary by an order of magnitude temporally and spatially, due to variability in their generating mechanisms, which include winds and shear instabilities at the surface, and the interaction of tides and lee waves with rough bottom topography. There is great uncertainty in the parameterization of this mixing in coarse resolution Earth System Models (ESM), and in the impact that this has on SO biological productivity on sub decadal timescales. Using a data assimilating biogeochemical ocean model we show that SO phytoplankton productivity is highly sensitive to differences in background diapycnal mixing over short timescales. Changes in the background vertical mixing rates alter key biogeochemical and physical conditions. The greatest changes to the distribution of physical and biogeochemical tracers occur in regions with very strong tracer vertical gradients. A combination of reduced nutrient limitation and reduced light limitation causes a strong increase in SO phytoplankton productivity with higher background mixing. This leads to increased summer carbon export but reduced wintertime export over the mixed layer depth, which could alter the strength of the SO biological carbon pump and atmospheric concentrations on centennial to millennial timescales. This study demonstrates the importance of accurately representing diapycnal mixing in ESM to predict SO biogeochemical dynamics and their broader climatic implications.
Premelting Theory‐Based Mechanism for Water Freezing in Saline Soil
Authors: Wan Xusheng , Zhu Jishuai , Lai Ying , Lu Jianguo , Yan Zhongrui
Published: October 2024

The unfrozen water content constitutes a pivotal parameter in freezing soil, significantly impacting its thermal‐mechanical and deformation behavior. This study delves into the alterations in soil attributes as unfrozen water content varies. It examines the influences of impurities, van der Waals forces, and Coulomb forces on the water film, employing the premelting theory as a foundation. A critical state curve quantifying the ratio of the surface charge density to impurity concentration is parameterized for various soil types. Subsequently, combining the theory of effective solution concentration, we have provided calculation methods for the particle surface parameters of pore solutions as ideal and non‐ideal dilute solutions, respectively. This has determined the key variables in the model. Additionally, through the integration of equivalent particle sizes, packing structure, and water film thickness, a calculation model is devised and verified for determining the unfrozen water content and residual water content within in freezing soil. The findings indicate that fluctuation in the unfrozen water content primarily stem from impurities. In soils with equivalent saline content, impurity levels exhibit proportionality to the equivalent particle sizes. The residual unfrozen water is predominantly present within the absorbed water layer.
Secreted nucleases reclaim extracellular DNA during biofilm development
Authors: Lander Stephen M. , Fisher Garth , Everett Blake A. , Tran Peter , Prindle Arthur
Published: October 2024

DNA is the genetic code found inside all living cells and its molecular stability can also be utilized outside the cell. While extracellular DNA (eDNA) has been identified as a structural polymer in bacterial biofilms, whether it persists stably throughout development remains unclear. Here, we report that eDNA is temporarily invested in the biofilm matrix before being reclaimed later in development. Specifically, by imaging eDNA dynamics within undomesticated Bacillus subtilis biofilms, we found eDNA is produced during biofilm establishment before being globally degraded in a spatiotemporally coordinated pulse. We identified YhcR, a secreted Ca2+-dependent nuclease, as responsible for eDNA degradation in pellicle biofilms. YhcR cooperates with two other nucleases, NucA and NucB, to reclaim eDNA for its phosphate content in colony biofilms. Our results identify extracellular nucleases that are crucial for eDNA reclamation during biofilm development and we therefore propose a new role for eDNA as a dynamic metabolic reservoir.
Haplotype-resolved and near-T2T genome assembly of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Authors: Nguinkal Julien A. , Zoclanclounon Yedomon A. B. , Brunner Ronald M. , Chen Yutang , Goldammer Tom
Published: October 2024

Airbreathing catfish are stenohaline freshwater fish capable of withstanding various environmental conditions and farming practices, including breathing atmospheric oxygen. This unique ability has enabled them to thrive in semi-terrestrial habitats. However, the genomic mechanisms underlying their adaptation to adverse ecological environments remain largely unexplored, primarily due to the limited availability of high-quality genomic resources. Here, we present a haplotype-resolved and near telomere-to-telomere (T2T) genome assembly of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), utilizing Oxford Nanopore, PacBio HiFi, Illumina and Hi-C sequencing technologies. The primary assembly spans 969.62 Mb with only 47 contigs, achieving a contig N50 of 33.71 Mb. Terminal telomeric signals were detected in 22 of 47 contigs, suggesting T2T assembled chromosomes. BUSCO analysis confirmed gene space completeness of 99% against the Actinopterygii dataset, highlighting the high quality of the assembly. Genome annotation identified 25,655 protein-coding genes and estimated 43.94% genome-wide repetitive elements. This data provides valuable genomic resources to advance aquaculture practices and to explore the genomic underpinnings of the ecological resilience of airbreathing catfish and related teleosts.
Similarities of metabolomic disturbances in prematurity-associated obstructive lung disease to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Course Christopher W. , Lewis Philip A. , Kotecha Sarah J. , Cousins Michael , Hart Kylie , Heesom Kate J. , Watkins W. John , Kotecha Sailesh
Published: October 2024

Prematurity-associated lung disease (PLD) is a long-term consequence of preterm-birth. Since the underlying mechanisms of PLD remain poorly characterised, we compared the urinary metabolome between recently described spirometry phenotypes of PLD. Preterm- and term-born children aged 7–12 years, from the Respiratory Health Outcomes in Neonates (RHiNO) cohort, underwent spirometry and urine collection. The urinary metabolome was analysed by gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Preterm-born children were classified into phenotypes of prematurity-associated obstructive lung disease (POLD, Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) < lower limit of normal (LLN), FEV1/Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) < LLN), prematurity-associated preserved ratio impaired spirometry (pPRISm, FEV1 < LLN, FEV1/FVC ≥ LLN) and Preterm/Term controls (FEV1 ≥ LLN). Metabolite set enrichment analysis was used to link significantly altered metabolites between the groups with metabolic pathways. Univariable and multivariable linear regression models examined associations between early and current life factors and significantly altered metabolites of interest. Urine from 197 preterm- and 94 term-born children was analysed. 23 and 25 were classified into POLD and pPRISm groups respectively. Of 242 identified metabolites, 49 metabolites were significantly altered in the POLD group compared with Preterm controls. Decreased capric acid (log2 fold change − 0.23; p = 0.003), caprylic acid (− 0.18; 0.003) and ceratinic acid (− 0.64; 0.014) in the POLD group, when compared to preterm controls, were linked with reduced β-oxidation of very long chain fatty acids (p = 0.004). Reduced alanine (log2 fold change − 0.21; p = 0.046), glutamic acid (− 0.24; 0.023), and pyroglutamic acid (− 0.17; 0.035) were linked with decreased glutathione metabolism (p = 0.008). These metabolites remained significantly associated with POLD in multivariable models adjusting for early/current life factors. The pPRISm urinary metabolome was minimally changed when compared with preterm-born controls. When compared to term-born subjects, alterations in tryptophan metabolism were implicated (p = 0.01). The urinary metabolome in POLD showed significantly altered β-oxidation of fatty acids and glutathione metabolism, implying alterations in cellular metabolism and oxidative stress. Similar findings have been noted in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Given the similarity of findings between the POLD group and those reported for COPD, the POLD group should be considered at future risk of developing COPD.
TRPC5 controls the adrenaline-mediated counter regulation of hypoglycemia
Authors: Bröker-Lai Jenny , Rego Terol José , Richter Christin , Mathar Ilka , Wirth Angela , Kopf Stefan , Moreno-Pérez Ana , Büttner Michael , Tan Linette Liqi , Makke Mazen , Poschet Gernot , Hermann Julia , Tsvilovskyy Volodymyr , Haberkorn Uwe , Wartenberg Philipp , Susperreguy Sebastian , Berlin Michael , Ottenheijm Roger , Philippaert Koenraad , Wu Moya , Wiedemann Tobias , Herzig Stephan , Belkacemi Anouar , Levinson Rebecca T , Agarwal Nitin , Camacho Londoño Juan E , Klebl Bert , Dinkel Klaus , Zufall Frank , Nussbaumer Peter , Boehm Ulrich , Hell Rüdiger , Nawroth Peter , Birnbaumer Lutz , Leinders-Zufall Trese , Kuner Rohini , Zorn Markus , Bruns Dieter , Schwarz Yvonne , Freichel Marc
Published: October 2024

Hypoglycemia triggers autonomic and endocrine counter-regulatory responses to restore glucose homeostasis, a response that is impaired in patients with diabetes and its long-term complication hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure (HAAF). We show that insulin-evoked hypoglycemia is severely aggravated in mice lacking the cation channel proteins TRPC1, TRPC4, TRPC5, and TRPC6, which cannot be explained by alterations in glucagon or glucocorticoid action. By using various TRPC compound knockout mouse lines, we pinpointed the failure in sympathetic counter-regulation to the lack of the TRPC5 channel subtype in adrenal chromaffin cells, which prevents proper adrenaline rise in blood plasma. Using electrophysiological analyses, we delineate a previously unknown signaling pathway in which stimulation of PAC1 or muscarinic receptors activates TRPC5 channels in a phospholipase-C-dependent manner to induce sustained adrenaline secretion as a crucial step in the sympathetic counter response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. By comparing metabolites in the plasma, we identified reduced taurine levels after hypoglycemia induction as a commonality in TRPC5-deficient mice and HAAF patients.
Alternative splicing of PBRM1 mediates resistance to PD-1 blockade therapy in renal cancer
Authors: Cho Namjoon , Kim Seung-Yeon , Lee Sung-Gwon , Park Chungoo , Choi Sunkyung , Kim Eun-Mi , Kim Kee K
Published: October 2024

Alternative pre-mRNA splicing (AS) is a biological process that results in proteomic diversity. However, implications of AS alterations in cancer remain poorly understood. Herein, we performed a comprehensive AS analysis in cancer driver gene transcripts across fifteen cancer types and found global alterations in inclusion rates of the PBAF SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex subunit Polybromo 1 (PBRM1) exon 27 (E27) in most types of cancer tissues compared with those in normal tissues. Further analysis confirmed that PBRM1 E27 is excluded by the direct binding of RBFOX2 to intronic UGCAUG elements. In addition, the E27-included PBRM1 isoform upregulated PD-L1 expression via enhanced PBAF complex recruitment to the PD-L1 promoter. PBRM1 wild-type patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma were resistant to PD-1 blockade therapy when they expressed low RBFOX2 mRNA levels. Overall, our study suggests targeting of RBFOX2-mediated AS of PBRM1 as a potential therapeutic strategy for immune checkpoint blockade.
O-GlcNAcylation of circadian clock protein Bmal1 impairs cognitive function in diabetic mice
Authors: Hui Ya , Zhong Yuanmei , Kuang Liuyu , Xu Jingxi , Hao Yuqi , Cao Jingxue , Zheng Tianpeng
Published: October 2024

Neuronal damage in the hippocampus induced by high glucose has been shown to promote the onset and development of cognitive impairment in diabetes, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Guided by single-cell RNA sequencing, we here report that high glucose increases O-GlcNAcylation of Bmal1 in hippocampal neurons. This glycosylation promotes the binding of Clock to Bmal1, resulting in the expression of transcription factor Bhlhe41 and its target Dnajb4. Upregulated Dnajb4 in turn leads to ubiquitination and degradation of the mitochondrial Na + /Ca2+ exchanger NCLX, thereby inducing mitochondrial calcium overload that causes neuronal damage and cognitive impairment in mice. Notably, Bhlhe41 downregulation or treatment with a short peptide that specifically blocks O-GlcNAcylation of Bmal1 on Ser424 mitigated these adverse effects in diabetic mouse models. These data highlight the crucial role of O-GlcNAcylation in circadian clock gene expression and may facilitate the design of targeted therapies for diabetes-associated cognitive impairment.
High-throughput protein characterization by complementation using DNA barcoded fragment libraries
Authors: Biggs Bradley W , Price Morgan N , Lai Dexter , Escobedo Jasmine , Fortanel Yuridia , Huang Yolanda Y , Kim Kyoungmin , Trotter Valentine V , Kuehl Jennifer V , Lui Lauren M , Chakraborty Romy , Deutschbauer Adam M , Arkin Adam P
Published: October 2024

Our ability to predict, control, or design biological function is fundamentally limited by poorly annotated gene function. This can be particularly challenging in non-model systems. Accordingly, there is motivation for new high-throughput methods for accurate functional annotation. Here, we used complementation of auxotrophs and DNA barcode sequencing (Coaux-Seq) to enable high-throughput characterization of protein function. Fragment libraries from eleven genetically diverse bacteria were tested in twenty different auxotrophic strains of Escherichia coli to identify genes that complement missing biochemical activity. We recovered 41% of expected hits, with effectiveness ranging per source genome, and observed success even with distant E. coli relatives like Bacillus subtilis and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. Coaux-Seq provided the first experimental validation for 53 proteins, of which 11 are less than 40% identical to an experimentally characterized protein. Among the unexpected function identified was a sulfate uptake transporter, an O-succinylhomoserine sulfhydrylase for methionine synthesis, and an aminotransferase. We also identified instances of cross-feeding wherein protein overexpression and nearby non-auxotrophic strains enabled growth. Altogether, Coaux-Seq’s utility is demonstrated, with future applications in ecology, health, and engineering.
Effect of exohedral functionalization on the magnetic properties in the dysprosium-containing endohedral fullerene DySc2N@C80(CF2)
Authors: Khinevich Viktor E. , Sudarkova Svetlana M. , Ioffe Ilya N.
Published: October 2024

Single-molecule magnet (SMM) properties in DySc2N@C80(CF2) can be strongly altered through a change of DySc2N conformation inside the fullerene cage relative to the CF2 addend.
Rapid detection of HPV16 utilizing recombinase polymerase amplification with the employment of an extremely low concentration of the probe
Authors: Zhang Ruixiao , Zhang Lin , Wu Lvping , You Shengping , Su Rongxin , Qi Wei
Published: October 2024

Human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) infection is the leading cause of cervical cancer.
Synthesis and size-dependent properties of multiple sizes of chlorinated fluorocycloparaphenylenes
Authors: Imoto Daiki , Shudo Hiroki , Mizukami Kiichi , Kimizuka Nobuo , Yagi Akiko , Itami Kenichiro
Published: October 2024

Chlorinated fluorocycloparaphenylenes were synthesized through Ni- and Au-based methods. Photophysical measurements clarified the size-dependent behavior distinct from pristine cycloparaphenylenes due to steric repulsion between chlorine groups.
AIEgen-functionalized metal–organic gel as a bifunctional platform for efficient adsorption and portable sensing of gaseous iodine
Authors: Xie Jian , Lei Ji , Zhang Lilin , Liang Jinpeng , Mei Sen , Chen Lixi , Wang Xia , Liu Wei , Wang Yanlong , Hu Baowei
Published: October 2024

An AIEgen-functionalized luminescent metal–organic gel (YTU-G-1) with an extremely high luminescence quantum yield (95.5%) was prepared for gaseous iodine capture (1.398 g g−1) and detection (LOD: 481 pmol L−1).
Synthesis of vinylidenecyclopropanes via gold(i)-catalyzed cyclopropanation of vinyl arenes with γ-stannylated propargyl esters
Authors: Mori Hiroto , Ono Yusuke , Nakagawa Shota , Akima Sota , Murakami Miki , Korenaga Toshinobu , Nakaji-Hirabayashi Tadashi , Kyogoku Mayumi , Horino Yoshikazu
Published: October 2024

A mild and general method for the synthesis of vinylidenecyclopropanes via the gold(i)-catalyzed cyclopropanation of vinyl arenes has been developed. DFT calculations suggest the involvement of the gold(i)-stabilized propargyl cation.
Ring-extended carbazole modification to activate efficient phosphorescent OLED performance of traditional host materials
Authors: Tu Zhen-Long , Hu Li-Yuan , Wang Jun-Yi , Wang Cong , Xiao Xunwen , Luo Xu-Feng
Published: October 2024

Balanced carrier transport performance. High EQe (>20%) for phosphorescent PHOLEDs. Revitalized traditional host material design.
Achieving saturated non-iridescent structural colors via island-like polypyrrole coating on SiO2 microspheres and enhancing their stability through a melt-curing strategy
Authors: Sheng Shanxiang , Wu Meng , Zhi Chao , Wang Yongzhen , Meng Jiaguang , Liu Yaming
Published: October 2024

Structural colors with high saturation and high stability.
Ionic flow through partially blocked nanopores
Authors: Mohapatra Sipra , Teherpuria Hema , Mogurampelly Santosh , Downton Matthew , Kannam Sridhar Kumar
Published: October 2024

Employing atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the conductivity of a partially blocked nanopore containing a centrally positioned spherical constriction, exploring the effects of pore diameter, surface charge, and blockage size.
Enhanced electrochemical performance of NiO surfaces via selective Li+ doping
Authors: Sen Tithi , Biswas Amrita , Nair Udayabhanu Gopalakrishnan , Thangavel Rajalingam , Rout Tapan Kumar
Published: October 2024

Selective Li+ doping on NiO surface to improve ion diffusion.
Designed functions of oxide/hydroxide nanosheets via elemental replacement/doping
Authors: Saito Kanji , Morita Masashi , Okada Tomohiko , Wijitwongwan Rattanawadee (Ploy) , Ogawa Makoto
Published: October 2024

The replacement of the main components with a small amount of heteroelements in a material affects its properties and imparts novel functions, similar to “wasabi” giving the important taste for “sushi”.
Exploring anodic oxidation reactions in hybrid water electrolysis: special emphasis on substrate choice
Authors: Singh Baghendra , Verma Neetu
Published: October 2024

Anodic oxidation reactions have been assessed focusing on essential parameters for the substrate choice.
Hetero-structured Ru–Mo2C nanoparticles loaded on N,P co-doped carbon for a pH universal hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Li Yanqiang , Zhang Zhuo , Yao Yingying , Wang Zi'an , Yang Zhongzheng , Tong Yuping , Chen Siru
Published: October 2024

N,P co-doped carbon coated Ru and Mo2C nanoparticles were synthesized from ZnMo metal–organic frameworks and the catalyst exhibits outstanding HER performance over a wide pH range.
Boosting sodium storage performance of Na0.44MnO2 through surface modification with conductive polymer PPy utilizing sonication-assisted dispersion
Authors: Xie Lingling , Wang Xinwei , Xia Changle , Huang Huilin , Zhu Limin , Han Qing , Qiu Xuejing , Cao Xiaoyu
Published: October 2024

The PPy coating enhances the structural stability and electronic conductivity of NMO, and accelerates Na+ diffusion. This study provides new insights into the design of advanced cathode materials for SIBs with improved electrochemical performance.
Influence of dairy matrix on the prebiotic effects of inulin related to gut metabolic activity and bone health
Authors: Zhao Xiaorui , He Weiwei , Jakobsen Louise M. A. , Panah Farhad M. , Barbosa Correia Banny Silva , Nielsen Dennis Sandris , Hansen Axel K. , Bertram Hanne Christine
Published: October 2024

This study investigated if the prebiotic efficacy of inulin depends on the dairy matrix used as vehicle.
Oral delivery of electrohydrodynamically encapsulated Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CRD7 modulates gut health, antioxidant activity, and cytokines-related inflammation and immunity in mice
Authors: Varada Vinay Venkatesh , Kumar Sachin , Balaga Sravani , Thanippilly Antony Johnson , Pushpadass Heartwin A. , M. Rashmi H. , Jangir Babu Lal , Tyagi Nitin , Samanta Ashish Kumar
Published: October 2024

The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of L. plantarum CRD7 on performance and gut health biomarkers in a Swiss albino mouse model.
Comparative techno-economic and life cycle assessment of electrocatalytic processes for lignin valorization
Authors: Ebrahimpourboura Zahra , Mosalpuri Manish , Yang Cheng , Ponukumati Aditya , Stephenson Corey , Foston Marcus , Wright Mark Mba
Published: October 2024

This study explores the potential of using electrochemical (EC) methods for valorizing lignin, a lignocellulosic biomass cell wall component, into biofuels and high-value compounds.
Quantum chemical investigation for enhanced electrochemical sensing of toxic gases by hexaazaphenH2
Authors: Siddique Sabir Ali , Siddique Muhammad Bilal Ahmed , Ahmed Ejaz , Ullah Asad , Rauf Ali , Ali Muhammad Arif , Mahmood Tariq , Rauf Abdul , Arshad Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Sensing of toxic gases, designing better sensors, effective environmental monitoring.
Acyclic phosphonate hosts for the detection of antimicrobial medicines
Authors: Zhong Hong-Lin , Guo You-Jia , Yuan Hang , Liu Hui
Published: October 2024

A novel phosphonate cucurbituril derivative has been prepared and characterized. The phosphonate hosts were utilized for fluorescence and chiroptical sensing of antimicrobial medicines.
Preparation and catalytic behaviors of an iron-based V–W–Ti catalyst: a novel strategy for low-temperature denitrification and synergistic toluene removal
Authors: Wu Shenghua , Ren Tian , Guo Lina , Jia Yong , Qian Fuping
Published: October 2024

Fe-doped vanadium tungsten titanium (V–W–Ti) catalysts were fabricated via an impregnation method.
Defects or no defects? Or how to design 20–25 nm spherical iron oxide nanoparticles to harness both magnetic hyperthermia and photothermia
Authors: Freis Barbara , Kiefer Céline , Ramirez Maria de los Angeles , Harlepp Sébastien , Mertz Damien , Pichon Benoit , Iacovita Cristian , Laurent Sophie , Begin Sylvie
Published: October 2024

Tuning the synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) to modulate structural and vacancy defects has shown that IONPs with fewer defects are more suitable for combining MH and PTT with high efficiency.
Asymmetric porous hydrogel encapsulating vulcanized molecular brushes with anti-bacterial adhesion, anti-infection, and pro-healing properties towards infected wound treatment
Authors: Wu Jinlun , He Wenyi , Xu Ruijun , Li Yang , Wu Dingcai , Yang Zifeng , Li Yong
Published: October 2024

VMB@APH has been successfully developed with the effective combination of anti-bacterial adhesion, anti-infection, and pro-healing properties, which is of great significance for promoting the healing of infected wounds.
Understanding the nanoscale phenomena of nucleation and crystal growth in electrodeposition
Authors: Lin Jiancheng , Kilani Mohamed , Baharfar Mahroo , Wang Ren , Mao Guangzhao
Published: October 2024

This paper reviews the latest findings on the early stages of electrochemically driven nucleation and crystal growth. A thorough understanding of the associated nanoscale phenomena is crucial for its widespread adoption across various industries.
Cells have the ability to break and chemically modify GaP(As) nanowires
Authors: Shmakov Stanislav V. , Sosnovitskaia Zlata P. , Makhneva Ekaterina A. , Anikina Maria A. , Kuznetsov Alexey , Kondratev Valeriy M. , Solomonov Nikita , Boitsov Vitali M. , Fedorov Vladimir V. , Mukhin Ivan S. , Bukatin Anton S. , Bolshakov Alexey D.
Published: October 2024

Cells can break and chemically modify nanowires allowing imaging, transfection and assay development.
Interplay between superconducting fluctuations and weak localization in disordered TiN thin films
Authors: Yadav Sachin , Gajar Bikash , Aloysius R. P. , Sahoo Sangeeta
Published: October 2024

The interplay between superconducting fluctuations (SFs) and weak localization (WL) has been probed by temperature dependent resistance [R(T)] and magnetoresistance (MR) measurements in two-dimensional disordered superconducting TiN thin films.
Superstructures of copper nanoclusters as NIR TADF emitters: solvent-dependent optical and morphological modulation
Authors: Agrawal Sameeksha , Shil Debanggana , Gupta Aakash , Mukherjee Saptarshi
Published: October 2024

Self-assembled thiol-templated CuNCs display NIR-TADF emission which can be modulated by solvent, accompanied by remarkable change in the morphology. The electronic structure of the surface ligands can also be used to tailor the properties of CuNCs.
N-Heterocyclic carbene-stabilized gold–copper nanoclusters: synthesis, bonding and mechanochromism
Authors: Zuo Dongjie , Guo Huifang , Xu Qinghua , He Ayisha , Li Zilin , Li Simin , Shen Hui
Published: October 2024

The first gold–copper alloy cluster protected by both NHC and alkyne ligands was reported. The cluster displays interesting mechanochromic properties, highlighting the bright future of NHC-functionalized metal nanoclusters in materials science.
Parylene-MoOx crossbar memristors as a volatile reservoir and non-volatile readout: a homogeneous reservoir computing system
Authors: Ryabova Margarita A. , Matsukatova Anna N. , Emelyanov Andrey V. , Nesmelov Alexander A. , Patsaev Timofey D. , Demin Vyacheslav A.
Published: October 2024

A transition between the volatile and non-volatile resistive switching regimes is demonstrated in nanocomposite parylene-MoOx crossbar memristors and used for the development of a homogeneous reservoir computing system.
A negative photoconductivity photodetector based on two-dimensional Nb3Cl8
Authors: Lee Bom , Zhang Xiaojie , Kang Jinsu , Jeong Byung Joo , Cho Sooheon , Choi Kyung Hwan , Jeon Jiho , Lee Sang Hoon , Kim Dahoon , Kim Yeong Hyeop , Kim Ji-Hee , Yu Hak Ki , Choi Jae-Young
Published: October 2024

We developed a Nb3Cl8-based photodetector with negative photoconductivity from 400 to 1050 nm, featuring high electron mobility, a strong Ion/Ioff ratio, and high responsivity, making it ideal for energy-efficient optoelectronic applications.
Lewis acid ionic liquid catalysed synthesis of bioderived surfactants from β-pinene
Authors: Jacob Philippa L. , Machado Fabricio , Rance Graham A. , Walker Gary , Taresco Vincenzo , Keddie Daniel J. , Howdle Steven M.
Published: October 2024

Earth abundant catalysis and more sustainable post-polymerisation functionalisation have been applied in the synthesis of β-pinene derived polymeric surfactants.
Comment on “Improving the efficiency of a CIGS solar cell to above 31% with Sb2S3 as a new BSF: a numerical simulation approach by SCAPS-1D” by M. F. Rahman and S. Goumri-Said et al., RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 1924
Authors: Kirk Alexander P.
Published: October 2024

In this Comment, the detailed balance-limiting open circuit voltage, fill factor, and power conversion efficiency are calculated for a 1.1 eV bandgap copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cell at 300 K when irradiated by the air mass 1.5 global (AM1.5G) spectrum.
Synthesis of a novel carbon-based nano-emulsifier and its application in viscosity reduction of emulsified Jurassic oil in the Sichuan Basin
Authors: Chen Weihua , He Rui , Liu Rui , Zeng Ji , Liu Ruifeng , Wang Hancheng , Guan Wenting , Lv Zefei , Fu Bingjie , Pu Wanfen
Published: October 2024

A novel carbon-based nano-emulsifer is synthesized, utilizing graphene oxide as substrate and hydrophilic alkyl glycidyl ether and polyoxyethylene ether as brushers.
Design, synthesis and in vitro anti-proliferative evaluation of new pyridine-2,3-dihydrothiazole/thiazolidin-4-one hybrids as dual CDK2/GSK3β kinase inhibitors
Authors: Kassem Asmaa F. , Sediek Ashraf A. , Omran Mervat M. , Foda Doaa S. , Al-Ashmawy Aisha A. K.
Published: October 2024

Hybridization of pyridine with 2,3-dihydrothiazole or thiazolidin-4-one by ethylidenehydrazono spacer was crucial for dual CDK2/GSK3β inhibitory activity and good antiproliferative activity. The most potent compound 13a can act as promising lead.
Effect of zinc and magnesium ion doping on leakage current behavior of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 thin film
Authors: Wang Hong-zhe , Li Bo
Published: October 2024

We report an in-depth analysis of the carrier conduction mechanisms in multilayer doped Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 films, which offers a significant new message for reducing the leakage current.
One-pot enzymatic synthesis of l-5-methyltetrahydrofolate from folic acid using enzyme cascades
Authors: Zhu Linjiang , Wang Yuxin , Pan Linyan , Lin Enyong , Wang Jiayan , Chen Xiaolong
Published: October 2024

A simple and cost-effective one-pot three-enzyme cascade reaction for high-yield production of l-5-methyltetrahydrofolate, including dihydrofolate reductase, tetrahydrofolate-dependent methyltransferase and alcohol dehydrogenase.
Atomically precise surface chemistry of zirconium and hafnium metal oxo clusters beyond carboxylate ligands
Authors: Unniram Parambil Ajmal Roshan , Pokratath Rohan , Parammal Muhammed Jibin , Dhaene Evert , Van den Eynden Dietger , Balog Sandor , Prescimone Alessandro , Infante Ivan , Shahgaldian Patrick , De Roo Jonathan
Published: October 2024

Computational and experimental investigation of metal oxo cluster surface chemistry via ligand exchange reactions with phosphinic and phosphonic acid ligands.
Donor-modified asymmetric N/B/O multi-resonance TADF emitters for high-performance deep-blue OLEDs with the BT.2020 color gamut
Authors: Jin Jing , He Zhaolong , Liu Di , Mei Yongqiang , Wang Jiahui , Wan Huihui , Li Jiuyan
Published: October 2024

Spiro-acridine modified N/B/O type MR-TADF emitters realized deep blue fluorescence with an EQEmax of 20.5% and CIE (0.147, 0.048), which is state-of-the-art efficiency for N/B/O type deep-blue MR emitters with CIEy approaching the BT.2020 standard.
NN bond cleavage in diazirines by a cyclic diborane(4) compound
Authors: Zhong Minling , Zhang Jie , Xie Zuowei
Published: October 2024

Reactions of o-carborane-fused diborane(4) with 3H-diazirines lead to the complete cleavage of the NN bond, with one nitrogen atom being incorporated into the B–B bond.
Exploring efficient and air-stable d2 Re(v) alkylidyne catalysts: toward room temperature alkyne metathesis
Authors: Cui Mingxu , Huang Jie , Tsang Long Yiu , Sung Herman H. Y. , Williams Ian D. , Jia Guochen
Published: October 2024

We report the first non-d0 Re(v) alkylidyne complex capable of effecting alkyne metathesis at room temperature, featuring air/moisture stability, broad functional group compatibility, and scalable synthesis.
Enhancing the performance of molecule-based piezoelectric sensors by optimizing their microstructures
Authors: Tang Zheng-Xiao , Wang Bin , Li Zhi-Rui , Huang Zhuo , Zhao Hai-Xia , Long La-Sheng , Zheng Lan-Sun
Published: October 2024

A molecule-based ferroelectric [(CH3)3NCH2CH2Br][GaBr4] (1), with a d33 value of 331 pC N−1, was synthesized. The power density of the 1@S-PDMS piezoelectric sensor, featuring optimized microstructures, is up to 490 μW cm−2.
Solar-driven photocatalytic reduction of copper(ii) to copper(i) and zerovalent copper (Cu(0)): a sustainable approach for solar recovery of copper on a pilot scale
Authors: Jadoun Sapana , Aedo Eduardo , Fuentes Juan Pablo , Ponce Lorena Cornejo , Yáñez Jorge
Published: October 2024

This study demonstrates a sustainable pilot-scale recovery of metallic copper from Cu(ii) using solar-driven photocatalysis with ZnO and POPD/ZnO photocatalysts. Achieving an 80% recovery rate, this process produces zerovalent copper and marks the 100% solar-recovered copper coin.
Ion effects on minimally hydrated polymers: hydrogen bond populations and dynamics
Authors: Alasadi Eman , Baiz Carlos R.
Published: October 2024

Compared to bulk water, ions in confined environments or heterogeneous solutions can significantly disrupt hydrogen bond networks.
Revisiting the density profile of the fuzzy sphere model for microgel colloids
Authors: Scheffold Frank
Published: October 2024

Microgel density profiles evaluated with the complementary error function and the popular fuzzy sphere model are not compatible with each other.
Tailoring atomically dispersed Fe-induced oxygen vacancies for highly efficient gas-phase photocatalytic CO2 reduction and NO removal with diminished noxious byproducts
Authors: Thang Nguyen Quoc , Sabbah Amr , Huang Chih-Yang , Phuong Nguyen Hoang , Lin Tsai-Yu , Hussien Mahmoud Kamal , Wu Heng-Liang , Wu Chih-I , Pham Nguyet N. T. , Van Viet Pham , Lee Chih-Hao , Chen Li-Chyong , Chen Kuei-Hsien
Published: October 2024

This study reveals the exceptional photocatalytic performance of Fe single atom modified Bi2WO6 for CO2 reduction and NO removal, achieving high efficiency with minimal toxic byproducts.
Examining the effectiveness of oiled ballast water treatment processes: insights into hydrocarbon oxidation product formation and environmental implications
Authors: Harsha Maxwell L. , Verna Danielle E. , Salas-Ortiz Yanila , Osborn Ed , Turcios Valle Eduardo , Goranov Aleksandar I. , Hatcher Patrick G. , Aguilar-Islas Ana M. , Tomco Patrick L. , Podgorski David C.
Published: October 2024

Ballast water released from ships into coastal environments has been identified as a mechanism that introduces contaminants of concern into coastal ecosystems.
Histone deacetylase 7 activates 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase via an enzyme-independent mechanism that involves the N-terminal protein-protein interaction domain
Authors: Wang Yizhuo , Curson James E.B. , Ramnath Divya , Das Gupta Kaustav , Reid Robert C. , Karunakaran Denuja , Fairlie David P. , Sweet Matthew J.
Published: October 2024

Histone deacetylase 7 (HDAC7) is a member of the class IIa family of classical HDACs with important roles in cell development, differentiation, and activation, including in macrophages and other innate immune cells. HDAC7 and other class IIa HDACs act as transcriptional repressors in the nucleus but, in some cell types, they can also act in the cytoplasm to modify non-nuclear proteins and/or scaffold signalling complexes. In macrophages, HDAC7 is a cytoplasmic protein with both pro- and anti-inflammatory functions, with the latter activity involving activation of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) enzyme 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) and the generation of anti-inflammatory metabolite ribulose-5-phosphate. Here, we used ectopic expression systems and biochemical approaches to investigate the mechanism by which HDAC7 promotes 6PGD enzyme activity. We reveal that HDAC7 enzyme activity is not required for its activation of 6PGD and that the N-terminal protein-protein interaction domain of HDAC7 is sufficient to initiate this response. Mechanistically, the N-terminus of HDAC7 increases the affinity of 6PGD for NADP+, promotes the generation of a shorter form of 6PGD, and enhances the formation of higher order protein complexes, implicating its scaffolding function in engagement of the PPP. This contrasts with the pro-inflammatory function of HDAC7 in macrophages, in which it promotes deacetylation of the glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase M2 for inflammatory cytokine production.
Revisiting Student Stories: Understanding Microaggressions and Interpersonal Conflict Within Speech-Language and Hearing Sciences Training Programs
Authors: Abdelaziz Mariam M. , Rivera Pérez Jean F.
Published: October 2024

Purpose:

The current study revisits our previous research, delving deeper into microaggressions (MAs) and interpersonal conflict (IC) in speech, language, and hearing sciences (SLHS) training programs. Participants came from both marginalized and nonmarginalized backgrounds.

Method:

A 39-item electronic survey based on our previous research was distributed online to 236 participants of current and former SLHS students through social media and e-mail listservs.

Results:

Students that identified as belonging to marginalized and nonmarginalized groups reported high levels of MAs and IC, respectively. Linear regression revealed that the more marginalized identities a participant reported, the more aggression they experienced. Analyses also suggest that specific cultural and linguistic identities more likely predicted experiencing specific types of MAs than others. MAs and IC were largely underreported.

Conclusions:

This study highlights the quantifiable prevalence of MAs and IC in SLHS training programs. It underscores the urgent need for targeted interventions to address systemic inequities. Overall, these findings emphasize the importance of fostering an inclusive and equitable environment in SLHS, promoting cultural competence, and social justice in the professions.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27105613
The Flu-ID: A New Evidence-Based Method of Assessing Fluency in Aphasia
Authors: Gordon Jean K. , Clough Sharice
Published: October 2024

Purpose:

Assessing fluency in aphasia is diagnostically important for determining aphasia type and severity and therapeutically important for determining appropriate treatment targets. However, wide variability in the measures and criteria used to assess fluency, as revealed by a recent survey of clinicians (Gordon & Clough, 2022), results in poor reliability. Furthermore, poor specificity in many fluency measures makes it difficult to identify the underlying impairments. Here, we introduce the Flu-ID Aphasia, an evidence-based tool that provides a more informative method of assessing fluency by capturing the range of behaviors that can affect the flow of speech in aphasia.

Method:

The development of the Flu-ID was based on prior evidence about factors underlying fluency (Clough & Gordon, 2020; Gordon & Clough, 2020) and clinical perceptions about the measurement of fluency (Gordon & Clough, 2022). Clinical utility is maximized by automated counting of fluency behaviors in an Excel template. Reliability is maximized by outlining thorough guidelines for transcription and coding. Eighteen narrative samples representing a range of fluency were coded independently by the authors to examine the Flu-ID's utility, reliability, and validity.

Results:

Overall reliability was very good, with point-to-point agreement of 86% between coders. Ten of the 12 dimensions showed good to excellent reliability. Validity analyses indicated that Flu-ID scores were similar to clinician ratings on some dimensions, but differed on others. Possible reasons and implications of the discrepancies are discussed, along with opportunities for improvement.

Conclusions:

The Flu-ID assesses fluency in aphasia using a consistent and comprehensive set of measures and semi-automated procedures to generate individual fluency profiles. The profiles generated in the current study illustrate how similar ratings of fluency can arise from different underlying impairments. Supplemental materials include an analysis template, extensive guidelines for transcription and coding, a completed sample, and a quick reference guide.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27078199
What Impacts What: Clinicians' Perspectives of Causality in Aphasia Rehabilitation
Authors: Castro Nichol , Ashaie Sameer A.
Published: October 2024

Purpose:

Determining the prognosis of aphasia recovery is an important task for clinicians in the rehabilitation of persons with aphasia. Although there are many variables identified as impactful to aphasia recovery, it is less clear (a) how clinicians perceive causality in aphasia rehabilitation and (b) how prognostic variables interact with each other. This study aimed to understand causal relations between prognostic variables from the clinician perspective.

Method:

Ratings of perceived causality were obtained from 11 clinicians serving people with aphasia. Participants were presented with 255 directed causal relations (e.g., depression → aphasia severity), representing a total of 18 demographic, diagnostic, and psychosocial variables. Participants rated the perceived causality on a Likert scale from 0 (
no causal effect
) to 10 (
strong causal effect
). We also obtained ratings about frequency of access to information about each of the 18 variables.

Results:

A perceived causal network showed differences among variables in their perceived causality. There were many causal relations identified, particularly between diagnostic and psychosocial variables. The variables with the strongest perceived causality were predominantly psychosocial variables, including depression, social support, and participation. However, these psychosocial variables were also the variables that clinicians had the least frequent access to information about. There were also notable differences between participants in their perceived causal networks.

Conclusions:

Clinicians hold valuable information about aphasia rehabilitation, including what variables are important to aphasia recovery. Understanding the complexity of interaction among prognostic variables and obtaining data from clinicians about prognostic variables and causality will advance the rehabilitation of aphasia.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27105865