bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Notes on self-confidence in opinion dynamics
Authors: Ding Zhaogang , Shi Xinlu , Wu Yong
Published: August 2020

In some research involving opinion formation, there are some details that have not been studied deeply, just as the role of a person’s self-confidence in opinion dynamics. This small but important detail needs to be cleared up. Hence, in this paper, we want to discuss the self-confidence in opinion dynamics with regard to some common linear and nonlinear models: DeGroot, Friedkin–Johnsen, Deffuant–Weisbuch and Hegselmann–Krause (HK) model. We unfold that (1) A person’s self-confidence assumption has an important impact on the consensus condition in DeGroot model; (2) The relationship between the self-confidence on the initial opinion and the current opinion follows a Kuznets curve in Friedkin–Johnsen model; (3) A person’s self-confidence has a close relationship with the convergence parameter in Deffuant–Weisbuch model, which has little impact on the number of opinion clusters at the stable stage; and (4) A person’s self-confidence varies with time at first and then stays at a certain level finally in the HK model, while the person’s self-confidence does not change with time in above three models.
Lower bounds on concurrence and negativity from a trace inequality
Authors: Antipin K. V.
Published: August 2020

For bipartite quantum states we obtain lower bounds on two important entanglement measures, concurrence and negativity, studying the inequalities for the expectation value of a projector on some subspace of the Hilbert space. Several applications, including analysis of stability of entanglement under various perturbations of a state, are discussed.
Comparative analysis of characteristics of protons in n12C and p12C collisions at 4.2GeV/c
Authors: Olimov Kosim , Gulamov Kadyr G. , Olimov Alisher K. , Khudaiberdyev Gulmurod U. , Bekmirzaev Rakhmatulla N. , Lutpullaev Sagdulla L. , Yuldashev Bekhzod S. , Olimov Khusniddin K.
Published: August 2020

In this paper, the new experimental data on interactions of neutrons with carbon nuclei at 4.2[Formula: see text]GeV/[Formula: see text] are presented. The comparative analysis of the average multiplicities and kinematical characteristics of the protons and charged pions in [Formula: see text]C and [Formula: see text]C collisions at 4.2[Formula: see text]GeV/[Formula: see text] is made.
INFLUENCE OF NICKEL DOPING CONCENTRATION ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF NANOSTRUCTURE CuS PREPARED BY HYDROTHERMAL METHOD FOR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY
Authors: AL-JAWAD SELMA M. H. , TAHA ALI A. , REDHA ABDULAH MOHAMMED , IMRAN NATHEER JAMAL
Published: August 2020

Pure and nickel doped copper sulfide (CuS) nanostructure were prepared by hydrothermal method for 5 h at [Formula: see text]C. Structural, morphological and optical properties of the CuS nanostructure were studied for different Ni-doping concentration of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5 %. X-ray diffraction studies showed the polycrystalline nature with hexagonal phase structure of CuS and Ni: CuS nanostructure. FE-SEM image showed that nickel doping concentration affected the nanostructure morphology. The absorbance spectra were then recorded at wavelengths ranging from 350 nm to 1000 nm, where the CuS nanostructures have strong absorbance in the NIR. The optical band gap energy of the samples increased as nickel concentration increasing. In particular, their optical band gap energies were 3.25, 3.48, 3.49, 3.49, 3.45 and 3.44 eV for undoped and Ni-doped CuS nanostructure with concentrations (1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%), respectively. The antibacterial activity of Copper sulfide nanostructure against P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and S. aureus was evaluated by zone of inhibition. The test revealed that copper sulfide nanostructure have a strong antibacterial activity against gram-positive than for gram-negative with low concentration of CuS.
Darboux transformations of noncommutative BKP and CKP hierarchies
Authors: Shou Bao , Liu Qiufang , Li Chuanzhong
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we construct Darboux transformations of the noncommutative BKP (ncBKP) hierarchy and the noncommutative CKP (ncCKP) hierarchy. From these Darboux transformations, the explicit differences between the BKP (CKP) hierarchy and the noncommutative BKP (ncCKP) hierarchy can be seen clearly in this paper. These studies might be useful in the M theory and string theory in future.
Three-dimensional weights of evidence modelling of a deep-seated porphyry Cu deposit
Authors: Farahbakhsh Ehsan , Hezarkhani Ardeshir , Eslamkish Taymour , Bahroudi Abbas , Chandra Rohitash
Published: August 2020

Given the challenges in data acquisition and spatial modelling at the detailed exploration stage, it is difficult to develop a prospectivity model, particularly for disseminated ore deposits. Recently, the weights of evidence (WofE) method has demonstrated a high efficiency for modelling such deposits. In this study, we propose a framework for creating a three-dimensional (3D) WofE-based prospectivity model of the Nochoun porphyry Cu deposit in SE Iran. The input data include qualitative geological and quantitative geochemical information obtained from boreholes and field observations. We combine ordinary and fuzzy weights of evidence for integrating qualitative and quantitative exploration criteria in a 3D space constrained by a metallogenic model of the study area for identifying a deep-seated ore body. Ordinary weights of evidence are determined for geological data, including lithology, alteration, rock type and structure. Moreover, we determine the fuzzy weight of evidence for each class of the continuous geochemical models created based on the factors analysis of Fe, Mo and Zn concentration values derived from boreholes. We integrate the input evidential models using WofE and create the posterior probability model. We also determine anomalous voxels in the probability model using a concentration–volume fractal model and validate them using a prediction–volume plot and test boreholes. The modelling results indicate the efficiency of the posterior probability model in identifying the anomalous voxels representing copper mineralized rock volumes. We provide open source software for the proposed framework which can be used for exploring deep-seated ore bodies in other regions.

Supplementary data
: Python scripts for implementing the proposed framework and
supplementary files
including more details on the evidential models are available at
https://github.com/intelligent-exploration/3D_WofE
.
Standardization Advances for Cellular and Wi-Fi Coexistence in the Unlicensed 5 and 6 GHz Bands
Authors: Sathya Vanlin , Kala Srikant Manas , Rochman Muhammad Iqbal , Ghosh Monisha , Roy Sumit
Published: August 2020

Small-cell LTE and Wi-Fi networks are both currently deployed in the unlicensed 5 GHz bands globally, leading to the need for new coexistence regulations between two very different access technologies. 3GPP standardized LTE Licensed Assisted Access (LTE-LAA) addresses the above coexistence challenge with Wi-Fi through incorporation of similar sensing and back-off features. The success of LAA's fair and efficient coexistence with Wi-Fi can be considered a benchmark for collaborative cellular operation in unlicensed bands.
Bridging the Data Charging Gap in the Cellular Edge
Authors: Li Yuanjie , Kim Kyu-Han , Vlachou Christina , Xie Junqing
Published: August 2020

The intelligent wireless edge is redefining our digital lives. By shifting the computation from cloud to edge, it promises ultra-low latency for the emergent applications, such as real-time video analytics, safe self-driving, virtual reality, online games, and many more. Many edge scenarios need low latency in indoor/outdoor, and static/mobile settings. A promising solution is the cellular edge (Figure 1, such as Amazon Wavelength [3]). To date, the 4G LTE and emerging 5G cellular networks are the largest wireless infrastructures that offer ubiquitous coverage and seamless mobility support. They operate in the licensed spectrum and support carrier-grade QoS for low latency.
BCl3-Based Dry Etching of Exfoliated (100) ß-Ga2O3 Flakes
Authors: Kim Man-Kyung , Kim Yukyung , Kim Jihyun , Baik Kwang Hyeon , Jang Soohwan
Published: August 2020

We report on BCl3-based dry etching characteristics of (100) β-Ga2O3 flakes using inductively coupled plasma etching technique, which were prepared by mechanical exfoliation from

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Ga2O3 single crystal. The etch rate of (100) Ga2O3 flake increased with increasing bias rf powers up to 52 nm min−1 using 25 sccm BCl3/15 sccm N2 gas chemistry. We also examined the etch rate dependence of Ga2O3 on crystal orientation. The (100) Ga2O3 flake has the lowest etch rate when compared with (010) and

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Ga2O3 surfaces. The lowest etch rate of (100) Ga2O3 surface results from less Ga-O bond breaking efficiency and low dangling bond density on the surface. It is notable that

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Ga2O3 surface is etched at higher rate than (010) and (100) Ga2O3 surfaces. The surface morphologies of etched (100) Ga2O3 surface exhibited little change, and rms roughness values remained less than 1.5 nm over a broad range of etch conditions.
Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Self-Organization of Urban Taxi Dispatch
Authors: Zhang Wei , Fan Ying
Published: August 2020

This paper proposes a matching degree to study dynamic spatiotemporal characteristics of urban taxi and offers a novel understanding of self-organization taxi dispatch in hotspots on top of the Fermi learning model. The proposed matching degree can not only reflect the overall spatiotemporal characteristics of urban taxi supply and demand but also show that the density of distribution and the distance between the taxis supply and the city center will affect the satisfaction of demand. Besides, it is interesting to note that supply always exceeds demand and they will self-organize into an equilibrium state in hotspots. To understand the phenomenon, we develop the Fermi learning model based on the prospect theory and compared the results with the popular reinforcement learning model. The results demonstrate that both models can account for self-organization behavior under different scenarios. We believe our work is crucial to explore taxis data and our indicator can provide a significant suggestion for urban taxis development.
Variation of Rock Mass Pressure during Tunnel Construction in Phyllite Stratum
Authors: Chen Jianxun , Luo Yanbin , Li Yao , Chen Lijun , Wang Chuanwu , Song Zeguang , Diao Pengsheng
Published: August 2020

In this paper, the field monitoring method is used to study the variation of rock mass pressure during the construction of a tunnel in phyllite stratum, and three functions are used to fit and analyze the variation of rock mass pressure with deformation, excavation time, and space. The results show the following (1) When the deformation increases significantly, the rock mass pressure decreases firstly and then increases. This is caused by the insufficient bearing capacity of the rock mass in the arch foot of the supporting structure after the excavation of the upper bench, which leads to a settlement of supporting structure and surrounding rock. (2) Compared with other kinds of fitting functions, the logistic function can better characterize the variation of the pressure of surrounding rock with deformation, excavation time, and distance from the face. This paper provides a reliable reference for the design and construction of the tunnel in phyllite stratum. The logistic function can be used to present and predict the change of rock mass pressure with deformation, excavation time, and space in similar rock mass conditions.
Protective Effect of Methylxanthine Fractions Isolated from Bancha Tea Leaves against Doxorubicin‐Induced Cardio‐ and Nephrotoxicities in Rats
Authors: Radeva-Ilieva Maya P. , Georgiev Kaloyan D. , Hvarchanova Nadezhda R. , Stoeva Stanila S. , Slavov Iliya J. , Dzhenkov Deyan L. , Georgieva Marieta P.
Published: August 2020

Doxorubicin is an anthracycline antibiotic that is used for the treatment of various types of cancer. However, its clinical usage is limited due to its potential life‐threatening adverse effects, such as cardio‐ and nephrotoxicities. Nonetheless, simultaneous administration of doxorubicin and antioxidants, such as those found in green tea leaves, could reduce cardiac and renal tissue damage caused by oxidative stress. The methylxanthine fraction isolated from Bancha tea leaves were tested in vitro for its antioxidant activity and in vivo for its organoprotective properties against doxorubicin‐induced cardio‐ and nephrotoxicities in a rat model. The in vivo study was conducted on male Wistar rats divided into 6 groups. Methylxanthines were administered at high (5 mg/kg body weight) and low (1 mg/kg body weight) doses, while doxorubicin was administered at a cumulative dose of 20 mg/kg body weight. Serum creatinine, uric acid, and urea concentrations, as well as serum enzyme levels (creatinine kinase (CK), creatinine kinase MB fraction (CK‐MB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) and electrolytes (Na+, K+, and Cl-), were analysed. In addition, histological analysis was performed to assess cardiac and renal tissue damage. The concomitant administration of Bancha methylxanthines and doxorubicin showed a dose‐dependent reduction in the serum biochemical parameters, indicating a decrease in the cardiac and renal tissue damage caused by the antibiotic. Histological analysis showed that pretreatment with methylxanthines at the dose of 5 mg/kg resulted in an almost normal myocardial structure and a significant decrease in the morphological kidney changes caused by doxorubicin exposure compared with the group that received doxorubicin alone. The putative mechanism is most likely related to a reduction in the oxidative stress caused by doxorubicin.
Tai Chi Chuan for Subjective Sleep Quality: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Si Yuhao , Wang Cenyi , Yin Heng , Zheng Jinghui , Guo Yang , Xu Guihua , Ma Yong
Published: August 2020

Background. This review aims to investigate the efficacy of Tai Chi Chuan on subjective sleep quality among adults. Methods. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), and the Wanfang Database from their inception to August 2019 and identified 25 eligible studies that were published in both English and Chinese. Results. 24 out of 25 studies were identified to be high‐quality studies according to the PEDro scale. The pooled results confirmed that Tai Chi Chuan elicited moderate improvements in subjective sleep quality (SMD = −0.512, 95% CI [−0.767, −0.257], P < 0.001). Notably, Tai Chi Chuan yielded more significant effects on sleep quality among the healthy population (SMD = −0.684, 95% CI [−1.056, −0.311], P < 0.001) than the clinical population (SMD = −0.395, 95% CI [−0.742, −0.047], P = 0.026) and more benefits among the Asian population (SMD = −0.977, 95% CI [−1.446, −0.508], P < 0.001) than the American population (SMD = −0.259, 95% CI [−0.624, 0.105], P = 0.164). After controlling the methodological quality of studies, it has been noted that Asians could achieve the most significant sleep‐promoting benefit when Tai Chi Chuan was practiced between 60 and 90 min per session. Conclusions. Available data implied that subjective sleep quality was improved via Tai Chi training, but more thorough studies must be executed to ascertain our findings and optimize Tai Chi practices accordingly toward various populations.
O-GlcNAcylation Is Essential for Autophagy in Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Yu Houzhi , Wen Li , Mu Yongxin
Published: August 2020

Since both O-GlcNAcylation and autophagy sense intracellular nutrient level, the alteration of those two pathways plays substantial roles in the progression of heart failure. Hence, determining the relationship between O-GlcNAcylation and autophagy is imperative to understand, prevent, and treat heart failure. However, the mechanism on how O-GlcNAcylation regulates autophagy in the heart is poorly investigated. In this study, we demonstrated that O-GlcNAcylation is required for autophagy in cardiomyocytes by utilizing an O-linkedβ-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) cardiomyocyte-specific knockout mouse model for the first time. We also identified that OGT might regulate the initiation of autophagy in cardiomyocytes through promoting the activity of ULK1 by O-GlcNAcylation. In conclusion, our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying heart dysfunction and benefit the development of treatments for heart failure.
Bilateral Morning Glory Syndrome with Bilateral Persistent Fetal Vasculature in a Patient with Joubert’s Syndrome
Authors: Araissi Ahmad Bilal , Fayed Alaa , Helmy Youssef
Published: August 2020

Purpose. We report a case of a 1-year-old girl who was referred to us with a cerebellar anomaly and delayed growth and development for bilateral ptosis and poor fixation. Based on our ophthalmologic examination, we concluded that she has bilateral persistent fetal vasculature (PFV) with morning glory syndrome (MGS). A closer look into her neurologic condition revealed that she has Joubert’s syndrome. Observations. External examination revealed bilateral symmetrical ptosis with syndromic facies and her fundus examination revealed a large dysplastic optic disc with anomalous radiating vessels and a fibrous tissue tuft originating from the disc. The left eye showed similar findings in addition to a central excavation and a fibrovascular stalk extending from the optic disc. These findings were consistent with bilateral MGS and bilateral PFV. The brain imaging included a computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging, both of which revealed a “molar tooth appearance” of the midbrain and an anomalous cerebellum suggestive of Joubert’s syndrome. Conclusions and Importance. This is the first case report of a case of bilateral MGS and bilateral PFV associated with Joubert’s syndrome. This case report documents the associated optic nerve disease in these patients, not previously described, which are additive causes of visual compromise in addition to the brain insult.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study on Microstructure and Permeability of Coals of Different Ranks
Authors: Liu Jiajia , Hu Jianmin , Jia Gaini , Gao Jianliang , Wang Dan
Published: August 2020

The microscopic pore development of most coal seams in China leads to different permeability of coal seams and different gas drainage efficiency. Representative three coal rank coal samples were selected for saturation‐centrifugation observation. The microscopic pore characteristics of coal samples were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance and liquid nitrogen adsorption methods. The experimental results showed that the coal samples were subjected to saturation‐centrifugation and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tests. It was found that the pores of the low‐rank coal (XJ‐1, XJ‐2) were developed at various stages, and the connectivity between the pores was good and the permeability was also good. The adsorption pores of the intermediate coal (HB‐1, HB‐2) and high‐rank coal (ZM‐1, ZM‐2) were relatively developed, and the connectivity between the pores was slightly poor. The parallel coal seam samples of coals of different ranks were better than the vertical bedding. The adsorption of liquid nitrogen showed that the low‐order coal had more open pores and good gas permeability; the high‐order coal had more openings at one end, more ink bottles, and narrow holes, and the gas permeability was not good. Studying the micropore structure and permeability of coals of different ranks has guiding significance for mastering the law of coal seam gas storage and transportation, extracting drilling arrangements, and increasing gas drainage and reducing greenhouse effect.
Image Encryption Based on High-Dimensional Manifold Computing and Block Dividing Algorithm
Authors: Jia Meng
Published: August 2020

The image encryption schemes developing more sensitive and more chaotic maps are used as a key sequence generator, such as cascade chaotic maps and high-dimension maps. High-dimension chaotic maps can generate sequences with little correlation after hundred times of iteration. In fact, the sequence is just a flow of the manifold of the chaotic system. A fast way to select sensitive flows of the dynamic systems is introduced in the paper. Combining with the divided blocks diffusion algorithm, the novel scheme yields the cipher image more randomly. Experimental results show that the sensitive flows of the high-dimension system can generate a series with better ergodicity and less correlation compared with the common flows of the same system. The encryption efficiency is enhanced by choosing the sensitive flows of the high-dimension system. The analysis proved that the novel image encryption scheme can resist all common kinds of attacks.
Incorporation of Structural Health Monitoring Coupled Data in Dynamic Extreme Stress Prediction of Steel Bridges Using Dynamic Coupled Linear Models
Authors: Fan Xueping , Shang Zhipeng , Yang Guanghong , Zhao Xiaoxiong , Liu Yuefei
Published: August 2020

In this article, an approach for using structural health monitoring coupled extreme stress data in dynamic extreme stress prediction of steel bridges is presented, where the coupled extreme stress data means the extreme stress data with dynamicity, randomness, and trend. Firstly, the modeling processes about dynamic coupled linear models (DCLM) are provided based on a supposed coupled time series; furthermore, the dynamic probabilistic recursion processes about DCLM are given with Bayes method; secondly, the monitoring dynamic coupled extreme stress data is taken as a time series, historical monitoring coupled extreme stress data‐based DCLM and the corresponding Bayesian probabilistic recursion processes are given for predicting bridge extreme stresses; furthermore, the monitoring mechanism is provided for monitoring the prediction precision of DCLM; finally, the monitoring coupled extreme stress data of a steel bridge is used to illustrate the proposed approach which can provide the foundations for bridge reliability prediction and assessment.
Fulminant Necrotising Amoebic Colitis of Whole of Large Bowel: A Rare Complication of a Common Infectious Disease
Authors: Beg Mohd Yasir , Bains Lovenish , Mahajan Ratnesh , Lal Pawan , Choudhury Sharmana , Kumar N. Pritesh , Momin Eva Wilse C. , Pal Veer
Published: August 2020

Background. Fulminant necrotising amoebic colitis (FulNAC) is an uncommon and grave complication of a very common infectious disease widely prevalent in tropical countries. In most of the cases reported, only a segment of large bowel was gangrenous. The involvement of the whole of the large bowel, as in our case, is very rare and has very high mortality ranging from 55% to 100%. Case Summary. A 50-year-old gentleman presented with an acute abdomen with a history of crampy abdominal pain and passage of blood mixed with mucous and loose stools. After resuscitation and investigations, the patient was taken up for laparotomy and the findings showed that the caecum was sloughed off and the entire large bowel had multiple perforations. Subtotal colectomy with ileostomy was performed. Histopathological examination showed evidence of pancolitis with multiple colonies of amoebic trophozoites. Discussion. Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoon that affects the large intestine and liver in humans. There can be various presentations of amoebiasis: asymptomatic infection (90%), symptomatic noninvasive infection (6–8%), acute amoebic colitis (dysentery), or fulminant colitis with perforation. FulNAC is an uncommon complication, difficult to diagnose and treat, and associated with a high mortality rate, ranging from 55% to 100%. Conclusion. It is important to consider the possibility of fulminant necrotising amoebic colitis (FulNAC) as an uncommon and fatal complication of amoebiasis, especially in tropical countries, where amoebiasis is prevalent. Early diagnosis and antiamoebic treatment, along with urgent aggressive surgical resection of the involved segment and exteriorization of the proximal and distal bowel ends, are shown to reduce mortality.
Rupture of Extensor Pollicis Longus Tendon Caused by Scaphoid Nonunion Advanced Collapse Wrist
Authors: Kojima Takahito , Yasuda Masataka , Hama Shunpei , Fukuda Makoto , Minato Kenta
Published: August 2020

We report the case of a 69-year-old male patient with extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon rupture associated with a scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse (SNAC) wrist. He could not actively extend the left thumb interphalangeal joint and visited our institution for an examination. Plain X-rays revealed advanced stage SNAC and an enlarged soft tissue shadow owing to dorsal ridge growth. The patient was diagnosed with EPL tendon subcutaneous rupture due to SNAC. During surgery, the EPL tendon was found to be absent, a proximal-type scaphoid nonunion was detected, and bone growth to the dorsal part of the dorsal ridge was observed. Considering that the EPL tendon rupture was associated with the bone growth, we performed scaphoid lunate advanced collapse (SLAC) reconstruction and extensor indicis proprius tendon transfer which needed a revision tendon surgery afterward. To the best of our knowledge, EPL tendon ruptures caused by SLAC or SNAC are considered rare and have not yet been reported.
Abstract A035: Let's talk research: Community ambassadors engaging African Americans
Authors: Washington Armenta , Gonzalez Evelyn T. , Ortiz Rosa
Published: August 2020

The role of research has been instrumental in extending cancer survivorship and improving overall cancer care. Despite these advances, African Americans continue to suffer disproportionately from cancer. Research shows that the majority of people with cancer are unaware that clinical trials are an option; given the opportunity, most stated that they would enroll. Fox Chase Cancer Center is committed to improving health care outcomes for the communities it serves by expanding education and outreach efforts focused on cancer prevention, screening, early detection, treatment, and survivorship. Using a community-based intervention, we designed a Community Ambassador Training (CAT) program to develop a cohort of lay community members to engage primarily African American communities in conversations regarding the importance of research participation. We also evaluated the efficacy of the CAT in increasing participants' knowledge regarding clinical trials and biospecimen research and their ability to accurately, disseminate this knowledge. Working through community partners and building on prior research efforts, Community Health Educators (CHE) funded by NCI's Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities trained three cohorts of African Americans to become community ambassadors. Thirty-five individuals participated and 19 completed the full training. The seven-week program included didactic teaching that addressed the role of research, the research process, past abuses, and existing laws and regulations. The program also included interactive exercises that empowered participants to feel comfortable sharing information with other community members. Results from the study show that following completion of the program, there was a notable increase in participants' knowledge and comfort with discussing cancer research with others. During our session, we will share our approach, methods, activities, lessons learned, challenges, and next steps.

Citation Format: Armenta Washington, Evelyn T. Gonzalez, Rosa Ortiz. Let's talk research: Community ambassadors engaging African Americans [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr A035.
Abstract A060: [Advocate Abstract] Pathways to ovarian cancer
Authors: Richardson Kimberly
Published: August 2020

Ovarian cancer has common symptoms but how easily are they ignored in the African American community? How is the diagnosis shared amongst family members, particularly amongst females in the immediate family? Is there a cultural stigma that prohibits African American women from being specific about the type of cancer they've been diagnosed with? Can answers to these questions result in earlier detection for the next generation of ovarian cancer survivors? I will explore how and why symptoms can be ignored by age groups from 30 to 65 and the role the gynecologist can play in earlier detection of ovarian cancer. I will lead a discussion on the stigma of cancer in the black community and why African American women tend not to disclose the specificity of their cancer, nor encourage female family members to test for BRCA1.

Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference.

Citation Format: Kimberly Richardson. [Advocate Abstract] Pathways to ovarian cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr A060.
Abstract A077: Examining the relationship between various informal sources of social support and the physical well-being among cancer survivors
Authors: Strayhorn Shaila M.
Published: August 2020

Cancer survivors have previously reported lower quality of life scores compared to non-cancer survivors. More specifically, the quality of life domain of physical well-being has previously been shown to be significantly worse among cancer survivors compared to non-cancer survivors. Previous studies have observed that specific sources of informal social support (i.e., support from family and friends) can improve a cancer survivor's physical well-being. However, no studies to date have assessed if support from fictive kin (or individuals who are not related by marriage or blood but are considered to be an extension of the family) and church members may also play a role on the physical well-being of cancer survivors. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between four informal sources of social support (i.e., family, friends, fictive kin, and church members) and the physical well-being among cancer survivors. Findings were based on data collected from the National Survey of American Life (NSAL) dataset. Physical well-being was measured using the following item from the NSAL dataset: “How would you rate your overall physical health at the present time?” A total of 238 cancer survivors (n=70 non-Hispanic whites, n=36 Caribbean Blacks, n=132 African Americans) comprised the study sample. Multiple imputation analyses were conducted within SAS to assess the associations between the informal sources of social support and the physical well-being among cancer survivors. All multiple imputation analyses were controlled for gender, age, race, household income, years of education, marital status, employment status, length of time residing in the U.S, and insurance coverage. Neither friends (β= -0.07, SE=0.09, p=0.42) nor fictive kin (β=0.06, SE=0.13, p=0.66) were significantly associated with the physical well-being of cancer survivors. Support from family was marginally associated with physical well-being (β=0.16, SE=0.08, p=0.05). A positive association was observed between support from church members and physical well-being (β=0.22, SE=0.09, p=0.01). Findings from this study suggest that support from church members can play an important role on the physical well-being of cancer survivors. Researchers of future health promotion interventions should consider collaborating with churches as a means of improving the physical well-being among cancer survivors.

Citation Format: Shaila M. Strayhorn. Examining the relationship between various informal sources of social support and the physical well-being among cancer survivors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr A077.
Abstract A102: Factors associated with psychological distress among chronic hepatitis B patients
Authors: Juon Hee-Soon , Park Grace , Ann Klassen , Hann Hie-Won
Published: August 2020

Background: Psychosocial stress is a common comorbidity in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. A diagnosis of CHB, the primary risk factor for liver cancer among Asian Americans, can be a significant source of psychological and emotional stress. Although the disease can be life-changing, there is a paucity of research on psychosocial stress in CHB patients. The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence of serious psychological distress (SPD) and factors associated with SPD in Asian CHB patients.

Method: It is a prospective study design with subjects identified from an existing patient cohort that were enrolled and then subsequently followed up. Information was gathered from the CHB patients using face-to-face interviews in Korean or English. Serious psychological distress was measured by the Kessler Scale (K6). Measures of stressful life events and Hepatitis B Quality of Life (HBQOL) (e.g., psychological well-being, anticipation anxiety, stigma) were used. A multivariate logistic regression model (including gender, age, level of education) was conducted for analysis. Results. Of 50 CHB patients 18 years and older, the 12-month prevalence of SPD was estimated at 20% using the optimal cut-off (>=13). In adjusted regression analysis, stressful life events and HBQOL-stigma were related to serous psychological distress: Those who had stressful life events (aOR=3.10, 95% CI 1.26-7.64) and those who had high scores of stigma (aOR=1.19, 95% CI 0.97-1.44, p=.08) had higher psychological distress. Those with more than a college education had decreased psychological distress (aOR=0.09, 95% CI 0.01-0.82).

Conclusion: The finding indicates CHB patients had a higher prevalence of serious psychological distress than the general Asian population (2.6% from California Health Interview Survey). Stigma connected to hepatitis B diagnosis and stressful life events were important factors associated with mental health. This suggests that disease burden caused by hepatitis B infection may lead to poor mental health. Future studies will identify those who are at a high likelihood of developing a mental disorder and develop effective interventions for early detection of mental illness.

Citation Format: Hee-Soon Juon, Grace Park, Klassen Ann, Hie-Won Hann. Factors associated with psychological distress among chronic hepatitis B patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr A102.
Abstract 07: Use of a real-world data registry to rapidly generate outcomes data following a case study of a novel treatment combination in pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Rahib Lola , Shapiro Mark , Shrager Jeff , Federowics Bryan , Kinsey Conan
Published: August 2020

XCELSIOR is an IRB-approved, patient-centric, real-world data and outcomes registry for developing operational and analytic methods in precision oncology. Earlier this year, Kinsey et al. reported on an exceptional response in a heavily pretreated pancreatic adenocarcinoma patient using combined MEK inhibition with autophagy inhibition (Nature Medicine 2019). We sought to understand the utilization of this regimen in clinical practice and analyze safety and outcomes information from patients in XCELSIOR identified as being treated with this combination. Searching the XCELSIOR database, we identified eleven patients for whom this regimen had been considered, four patients at different centers who received this regimen as part of their clinical care for pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and two more patients expected to start treatment soon. As part of their participation in XCELSIOR, these patients shared access to their full medical records, which were collected, processed, and abstracted into a 21 CFR 11 compliant database for analysis. We intend to present demographics, safety, biomarkers, and survival data on these patients and five additional patients treated with this combination at the Huntsman Cancer Center. For late-stage cancer patients, a patient-centric outcomes registry can provide continuous high-quality, real-world data to rapidly identify safety and outcomes information for cancer patients treated in clinical practice with novel and potentially efficacious off-label combinations, and to aggregate that data into a high-quality dataset for further Bayesian analysis.

Citation Format: Lola Rahib, Mark Shapiro, Jeff Shrager, Bryan Federowics, Conan Kinsey. Use of a real-world data registry to rapidly generate outcomes data following a case study of a novel treatment combination in pancreatic adenocarcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advancing Precision Medicine Drug Development: Incorporation of Real-World Data and Other Novel Strategies; Jan 9-12, 2020; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(12_Suppl_1):Abstract nr 07.
Abstract IA07: Making it easier to participate in research: A patient’s perspective
Authors: Salmi Liz
Published: August 2020

Today’s patients exist in a new culture of “peer health advice” where people with similar lived experiences are crowdsourcing health questions and relying on the advice of others. Additionally, Google reports there are 70,000 health-related searches happening every 60 seconds. People are naturally turning to social media and the Internet for health information, and yet it is quite difficult for most people to gain access to the detailed information in their own health records. Medical record requests—whether for transitions in care, for greater understanding, or as a requirement to participate in research—take time and effort, and costs are often involved. This creates a massive barrier and delay to accessing potentially life-saving information. In this presentation Liz Salmi will share her own patient experience and the barriers she faced in participating in research. Based on her personal experience, and now her work with the OpenNotes research team, she will outline simple steps health systems and researchers can put into place to make it easier for patients to engage more meaningfully in the health information that is their own.

Citation Format: Liz Salmi. Making it easier to participate in research: A patient’s perspective [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advancing Precision Medicine Drug Development: Incorporation of Real-World Data and Other Novel Strategies; Jan 9-12, 2020; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(12_Suppl_1):Abstract nr IA07.
Experiences with Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist in Children with Acquired Hypothalamic Obesity
Authors: van Schaik Jiska , Begijn Dominique G.A. , van Iersel Laura , Vergeer Yvonne , Hoving Eelco W. , Peeters Babette , van Santen Hanneke M.
Published: August 2020

Objective: Hypothalamic obesity (HO) in children after treatment for a tumor in the suprasellar region has severe implications. Previous studies have shown various effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist in acquired HO, but in adults only. We present our experience of GLP-1 receptor agonist (exenatide) treatment during a 1-year period on body mass index (BMI) in children with acquired HO. Patients and Methods: Children with severe weight gain after treatment for suprasellar tumor were given 2 mg exenatide weekly for a 12-month period. All had undergone previous dietary intervention. BMI standard deviation score (SDS), weight change, and adverse effects were assessed. Results: Five children with a mean age of 15.4 years (range 13–18) and a mean follow-up time of 8.4 years (mean age of 7.0 years at the time of brain tumor diagnosis) were treated with GLP-1 receptor agonist. After 1 year, BMI SDS or absolute weight had not changed significantly compared to the period without treatment (BMI SDS change +0.005, 95% CI –0.07 to 0.08, p = 0.89, and absolute weight change +1.5 kg, 95% CI –0.08 to 3.1, p = 0.061). Only 1 patient experienced weight loss after 1 year (–5.4 kg, BMI SDS –0.33). All patients experienced mild side effects, such as injection pain or nausea, and 2 patients stopped treatment upon their own request after 8 and 11 months, respectively. Conclusions: In this small cohort, we found little effect of GLP-1 receptor agonist in the treatment for acquired HO. Future research should focus on the prevention of HO or, if prevention is not possible, on alternative, individualized interventions.
Suspected Gentamicin-Induced Retinal Vascular Occlusion after Vitrectomy
Authors: Murao Fumiko , Kinoshita Takamasa , Katome Takashi , Sano Hiroki , Niki Masanori , Mitamura Yoshinori
Published: August 2020

Retinal vascular occlusion after ocular surgery is a rare but serious complication. A history of cardiovascular diseases, retrobulbar anesthesia injection, high intraocular pressure during the perioperative period, and drug toxicity have been reported as possible causative factors. We report here two cases of multiple retinal vascular occlusions after the subconjunctival injection of gentamicin at the end of uncomplicated 25-gauge vitrectomy. Case 1 was a 61-year-old man who developed a macular hole in the right eye. Phacovitrectomy with gas tamponade was performed. On postoperative day (POD) 1, dot hemorrhage was observed on the temporal side of the optic disk. On POD10, macular whitening, retinal hemorrhage, and multiple occlusion of retinal arteries and veins were observed. Case 2 was a 51-year-old woman who was diagnosed with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in the right eye and underwent phacovitrectomy with gas tamponade. On POD3, macular whitening with cotton wool spots and retinal hemorrhage were observed with macular ischemia owing to occlusion of retinal arteries and veins. In both cases, subconjunctival injection of gentamicin given at the end of surgery was the most suspected cause of retinal vascular occlusion.
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Presenting as Acute Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome
Authors: Hassanpoor Narges , Niyousha Mohamad Reza
Published: August 2020

We aimed to describe a case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that initially presented and was managed as Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKH). A 62-year-old man was referred for vision loss starting 1 week ago. There was no prior systemic or ocular history. Visual acuity was 20/200 in both eyes. Anterior segment exam was also normal in both eyes. On funduscopy, foveal reflex was significantly reduced. On optical coherence tomography, subretinal fluid was evident in both eyes. Fluorescein angiography showed a hypofluorescent area compatible with subretinal fluid and multiple pinpoint hyper- and hypofluorescent dots surrounding the detached retina. After 4 days, we were informed that the patient had been admitted to a general hospital due to spontaneous ecchymosis and melena. On complete blood count, there was a high white cell count, thrombocytopenia, and low hemoglobin concentration with a probable diagnosis of leukemia. On bone marrow biopsy, ALL with B-cell precursor was confirmed. In conclusion, exudative retinal detachment can be a primary presentation of leukemia and/or lymphoma. In atypical VKH or acute central serous chorioretinopathy cases with multiple pinpoint leakages distributed mostly in the periphery of the subretinal fluid area (not randomly scattered throughout the subretinal fluid), we should consider leukemia.
Addition of Fentanyl or High-Dose Morphine to Bupivacaine Is Superior to Bupivacaine Alone during Single-Shot Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Aslan Bilge , Moraloğlu Özlem
Published: August 2020

Background: Single-shot spinal anesthesia (SSSA) with bupivacaine is a useful technique for pain control during the active phase of labor due to its simplicity and rapid onset. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of the addition of fentanyl or high-dose morphine to bupivacaine during SSSA. Methods: Ninety healthy consecutive multiparous parturients in the active phase of progressing labor (cervical dilatation ≥7 cm; pain score >4) requesting analgesia were included in this study. The patients were randomly allocated into 3 SSSA groups as follows: group 1 (n = 30) receiving 2.5-mg hypobaric bupivacaine alone, group 2 (n = 30) receiving a combination of 2.5-mg hypobaric bupivacaine and 10-μg fentanyl, and group 3 (n = 30) receiving a combination of 2.5-mg hypobaric bupivacaine and 0.5-mg morphine. The duration of analgesia, VAS scores, side effects, and obstetric and neonatal outcomes were compared. Results: The main gestational age and cervical dilatation of the patients were 38.7 ± 1.5 months and 7.2 ± 2.2 cm (p = 0.14 and p = 0.65), respectively. The main VAS score significantly decreased in all groups at 3 h from baseline: from 8.25 to 1.75 in group 1, from 7.61 to 1.28 in group 2, and from 8.12 to 1.26 in group 3 (p < 0.001). The duration of the second phase of delivery was similar in all groups (45.5, 44, and 38 min, respectively; p = 0.67). The total analgesia duration was significantly higher in group 3 (172, 180, and 190 min for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively; p = 0.01). The Apgar scores and fetal heart rates were similar in all groups (p = 0.95). Side effects were similar, except for pruritus in group 3 (p = 0.01). Conclusion: The addition of fentanyl or high-dose morphine to bupivacaine increases the efficacy and duration of SSSA in the active phase of progressing labor without increasing side effects.
Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 in Semen of Patients in the Acute Stage of COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Kayaaslan Bircan , Korukluoglu Gulay , Hasanoglu Imran , Kalem Ayse Kaya , Eser Fatma , Akinci Esragul , Guner Rahmet
Published: August 2020

Introduction: The presence of new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in semen and the possibility of sexual transmission have become new subjects of curiosity. There is a discrepancy regarding this issue in the literature. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 in semen has been investigated in a limited number of studies, and mostly in recovering patients. We aimed to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in semen of patients with a positive nasopharyngeal swab test for SARS-CoV-2 in the acute stage. Methods: We enrolled adult male patients who were hospitalized with confirmed SARS-COV-2 infection in the study. In addition to routine laboratory and radiological tests, semen sample was obtained from volunteers and transferred to the Turkish Public Health Institution, National Virology Laboratory. The samples were processed for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA on the day of collection. Results: Sixteen patients were included in the study. The median age was 33.5 years (18–54). All but one had respiratory symptoms. None of the patients had a history or symptoms of urogenital disease. All semen samples were obtained during hospitalization and in the acute stage of the infection. The median time to obtain a semen sample after positive nasopharyngeal test was 1 day (0–7). All semen samples were detected as negative for SARS-CoV-2 PCR. Discussion/Conclusion: Although all semen samples were obtained in acute stage of the infection when the nasopharyngeal swab test was positive, we did not detect SARS-CoV-2 in semen. The results of our study support the thought that sexual transmission via semen does not have an important role in the person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2. We think that our study will provide new information to fill the gap in the literature.