bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Infective Endocarditis in Childhood: a Single- Center Experience of 26 Years
Authors: DEMIR Fadli , VARAN Celal , ERDEM Sevcan , ATMIŞ Anıl , AKBAŞ Tolga , SUBAŞI Berivan , GÜZEL Yasin , ÖZBARLAS Nazan
Published: May 2022

Background: Despite developments in diagnosis and treatment, infective endocarditis (IE) continues to be a disease with high rates of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to present the clinical and microbiological characteristics of patients with IE. Methods: A retrospective evaluation was made of patients diagnosed with IE in our clinic between 1995 and 2021. The clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patients were recorded together with conditions constituting a risk for the development of IE, treatment, and surgical outcomes. Results: Evaluation was made of 68 patients with a mean age of 7.3 years (range, 3 months-17 years), diagnosed with IE. An underlying cause of congenital heart disease was determined in 47 (69%) patients, and rheumatic valve disease in 3 (4.4%). There was no structural heart disease in 18 (26%) patients. A causative organism was found in 41 (60%) cases, and the micro-organism most often determined was viridans group streptococcus. No difference was determined between the patients diagnosed before and after 2007 in respect of the frequency of viridans streptococcus (p>0.05). Septic emboli were seen in 18 (26%) patients, of which 17 required surgical treatment. In 5 of 11 (16.6%) patients with mortality, the agent was S. aureus. Of the total IE patients, 28 (41%) were evaluated as hospital-acquired IE. The most frequently determined agents in this group were staphylococcus epidermidis (n:6) and S. aureus (n:5). Conclusion: Although congenital heart diseases continue to be the greatest risk factor for IE, there is an increasing frequency of IE in patients with no structural heart disease. Mortality rates are still high in IE, especially in S. aureus endocarditis.
EGFR mutant status and tyrosine-kinase inhibitors affect the GKRS outcomes for NSCLC brain metastases
Authors: Liao Hung-Ruei , Chiang Chi-Lu , Shen Chia-I , Chen Ching-Jen , Yang Huai-Che , Wu Hsiu-Mei , Luo Yung-Hung , Hu Yong-Sin , Lin Chung-Jung , Chung Wen-Yuh , Shiau Cheng-Ying , Guo Wan-Yuo , Pan David Hung-Chi , Lee Cheng-Chia
Published: May 2022

Objective: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is the first-line treatment for EGFR-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, its applicability to patients with wild-type NSCLC remains an issue of contention. This study compared the effects of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) alone versus combining GKRS and TKIs in treating two genetic forms of NSCLC.Methods: This retrospective study examined 479 NSCLC patients with 1982 brain metastases who underwent GKRS and for whom imaging follow-up data or death records were available. All our patients were consecutive. All gene mutations were confirmed by lung biopsy. The three main endpoints in this study were overall survival (OS), local intracranial tumor control (LC) , and distal intracranial tumor control (DC).Results: There were 296 NSCLC patients with EGFR positive: TKI treatment (n= 262) and without TKI treatment (n= 34). GKRS + TKIs was more effective than GKRS alone in terms of OS (HR: 0.53, p= 0.085) and DC (HR: 0.51, p<0.001). There were 150 NSCLC patients with wild-type EGFR: TKI treatment (n= 50) and without TKI treatment (n= 100). GKRS + TKIs was less effective than GKRS alone in terms of OS (HR: 1.82, p= 0.049) and DC (HR: 1.40, p=0.011). We observed no difference in terms of LC in both genetic groups.Conclusions: Combining GKRS with TKIs proved effective in EGFR positive NSCLC patients; however, we do not observe the similar results when combining GKRS with TKIs for patients with wild-type NSCLC
Genetics of Kallmann syndrome: Single-center Experience with Review of NGS based Genetic Studies
Authors: Patil Virendra A , Lila Anurag Ranjan , Shah Nalini , Arya Sneha , Ekbote Alka V , Sarathi Vijaya , Shah Ravikumar , Jadhav Swati S , Memon Saba Samad , Karlekar Manjiri , Bandgar Tushar
Published: May 2022

Purpose: To describe phenotype-genotype data of Asian-Indian Kallmann syndrome (KS) from our center and perform a systematic review of genetic studies using next-generation sequencing (NGS) in KS.Methods: Seventy-eight KS probands from our center and 398 probands from published studies were included. Per-patient genetic variants were analyzed as per ACMG-guidelines. Molecular diagnosis was defined as the presence of pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant(s) in known CHH gene/s following zygosity status as per the known mode of genetic inheritance.Result: Molecular diagnosis at our center was observed in 20.5% probands (ANOS1:10.2%, FGFR1: 6.4%, PROKR2: 2.5%, and PROK2, SOX10, FGF8, GNRHR: 1.3% each). Molecular diagnosis was reached more often in patients with severe than partial reproductive phenotype (28.3% vs. 4%, p=0.0013). Our center adds eight novel variants. In a per-patient systematic review (including our cohort), the molecular diagnosis was reached in 30.8%, ranging from 16.6-72.2% at different centers. The affected genes were FGFR1 (9.6%), ANOS1 (7.7%), PROKR2 (6.5%), CHD7 (4.6%), oligogenic (1.9%), FGF8 (1%), SOX10 (1%), and others (PROK2, SEMA3A, IL17RD, GNRHR:<1% each). FGFR1 was the most commonly affected gene in most cohorts except Asia and Brazil, where PROKR2 (in China and Japan) and ANOS1 (in India and Brazil) were the commonest.Conclusion(s): The global molecular diagnosis rate was 30.8% in KS cohorts whereas that in our cohort was 20.5% with a higher rate (28.3%) in those with severe reproductive phenotype. The most commonly affected gene in KS patients was FGFR1 globally, PROKR2 in East Asia, and ANOS1 in India and Brazil.
Comprehensive relationship analysis of the Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and the target mRNAs in Response to the infection of Edwardsiella anguillarum in European eel (Anguilla Anguilla) inoculated with Freund's adjuvant
Authors: Wu Liqun , Yin Zhijie , Zheng Zhijin , Tang Yijun , Guo Songlin
Published: May 2022

Freund's complete (FCA) and incomplete adjuvants (FIA), generally applied in subunit fishery vaccine, have not been explored on the molecular mechanism of the nonspecific immune enhancement. As long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play vital regulating roles in various biological activities, in this study, we examined the genome-wide expression of transcripts in the liver of European eel (Anguilla anguilla, Aa) inoculated with FCA and FIA (FCIA) to elucidate the regulators of lncRNAs in the process of Edwardsiella anguillarum (Ea) infection and Aa anti-Ea infection using strand specific RNA-seq. After eels were challenged by Ea at 28 d post the first inoculation (dpi), compared to the control uninfected eels (Li group), the control infected eels (Con_Li group) showed severe bleeding, hepatocyte atrophy and thrombi formed in the hepatic vessels of the liver, although eels inoculated with FCIA (FCIA_Li group) also formed slight thrombi in the hepatic vessels. Compared to the FCIA_Li group, there was about 10 times colony forming unit (cfu) in the Con_Li group per 100 µg liver tissue, and the relative percent survival (RPS) of eels was 50% in FCIA_Li vs Con_Li. Using high-throughput transcriptomics, differential expressed genes (DEGs) and transcripts were identified and the results were verified using fluorescence real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Interactions between the differential expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) and the target DEGs were explored using Cytoscape according to their co-expression and co-location relationship. We found 13499 lncRNAs (10176 annotated and 3423 novel lncRNAs) between 3 comparisons of Con_Li vs Li, FCIA_Li vs Li and FCIA_Li vs Con_Li, of which 111, 110 and 129 DE-lncRNAs were asertained. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of DEGs targeted by DE-lncRNAs revealed these DEGs mainly involved in single-organism cellular process in BP, membrane in CC and binding in MF, and KEGG pathways showed that the target DEGs in co-expression and co-location enriched in cell adhesion molecules. Finally, 118 DE-lncRNAs target 1161 DEGs were involved in an interaction network of 8474 co-expression and 333 co-location related links, of which 16 DE-lncRNAs play vital roles in anti-Ea infection. Taken together, the interaction networks revealed that DE-lncRNAs underlies the process of Ea infection and Aa anti-Ea infection.
Impact of central venous port implantation method and access choice on outcomes
Authors: Erdemir Ayhan , Rasa Hüseyin Kemal
Published: May 2022

Background: Although the number of patients who needs central venous ports for permanent vascular accesses is increasing we still don’t have a “gold standard” for implantation technique. In this retrospective study, considering the patient outcomes and adverse events we aimed to identify the method that should be favored.Methods: 200 patients divided into two groups according to the access method were retrospectively evaluated. Jugular vein access constitutes the first group and the patients that we used the subclavian vein were defined as the second. Groups were compared according to age, gender, side, diagnosis, follow-up period, chemotherapy agents administered, the number and severity of complications. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding age, gender, side, number of chemotherapy drugs and the duration of port usage (p > 0.05). Only two patients in Group 1 had complications whereas in Group 2 we observed nineteen complications (p < 0.05). No port occlusion was found in Group 1 but 4 patients’ catheters were occluded in Group 2 (p<0.05). Against one in Group 1 three ports were infected in Group 2 (p<0.05). Two port ruptures, two pneumothorax, one revision due to a mechanical problem, a tachyarrhythmia during implantation and four suture line problems were also recorded in Group 2 patients. Conclusion: Despite limitations our results robustly propounded that the jugular vein route is safer than subclavian vein approach for central venous port implantation and also it would be sufficient enough to evaluate ports once every 2 months.
Mining Association Rules for Classification Using Frequent Generator Itemsets in arules Package
Authors: Ledmi Makhlouf , Souidi Mohammed El Habib , Hahsler Michael , Kara-Mohamed Chafia , Ledmi Abdeldjalil
Published: May 2022

Mining frequent itemsets is an attractive research activity in data mining whose main aim is to provide useful relationships among data. Consequently, several open-source development platforms are continuously developed to facilitate the users' exploitation of new data mining tasks. Among these platforms, the R language is one of the most popular tools. In this paper, we defend the usefulness of providing a new version of arules package that can mine frequent generator itemsets, we describe the possibility of mining frequent generator itemsets in arules package, and we discuss what generators can be used for a classification task through an application example.
Bacillus cihuensis PVGOC-3 isolated from Guanabara Bay, Brazil, and its high potential for oil degradation
Authors: Ferreira Rachel de M. , Nascimento Rodrigo P. do , Stapelfeldt Danielle M. A. , Seldin Lucy , Moreira Maria de F. R.
Published: May 2022

The aim of the study was to isolate bacterial strains from an environment contaminated by hydrocarbons and investigate the degradation potential of petroleum derivatives with the use of used lubricating oil from a ship engine. Nine strains of possibly hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were isolated from a sample of contaminated moist soil in the marginal rhizosphere at Guanabara Bay, located in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and a triage for biosurfactant-producing bacteria was performed. Based on the results for degradation of used ship engine lubricating oil with dye 2.6 dichlorindophenol as a redox indicator, the PVGOC-3 scan was selected for growth and degradation tests. Amplification and sequencing of the rRNA 16S gene showed that the PVGOC-3 strain belongs to the species Bacillus cihuensis strain. The PVGOC-3 strain was able to degrade about 60.8% of the lubricating oil in 168 h at an initial concentration of 4.534 g L-1 according to the biodegradation analysis. According to the studies, Bacillus cihuensis presented a high potential in degrading used ship engine oil.
Tobacco Nicotine Promote TRAIL Resistance in Lung Cancer by SNHG5
Authors: Xiao Xin , Xu Juan , Sheng Xiaoan , Wang Chao , Dong Juanjuan , Shi Xianfeng
Published: May 2022

Tobacco nicotine can lead to carcinogenesis. It is a well-known risk factor for lung cancer. However, whether tobacco nicotine can induce drug resistance in lung cancer is incompletely defined. Our objective is to identify the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) resistance of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) which are differentially expressed in smokers and nonsmokers with lung cancer. The results suggested that small nucleolar RNA host gene 5 (SNHG5) was upregulated by nicotine inducing and markedly decreased the levels of cleaved caspase3. We found cytoplasm lncRNA SNHG5 overexpression correlated with TRAIL resistance in lung cancer and SNHG5 can interact with X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) to promote TRAIL resistance. Our findings suggest that nicotine promotes TRAIL resistance in lung cancer by SNHG5/XIAP.
Bioinformatics analysis identifies NDRG1 gene variants that may be relevant to thyroid cancer risk and prognosis
Authors: Borré Georgia Barcia , Pimenta Andressa Teles , Chmieleski Gabriela Souza , Moyses Gabriela Resende , Rabi Larissa Teodoro , Peres Karina Colombera , Teixeira Elisângela Souza , Bufalo Natassia Elena , Ward Laura Sterian
Published: May 2022

The study of genetic alterations that alter genes that regulate normal cellular processes, providing growth advantages and metastatic capabilities to tumor cells is fundamental for a deeper understanding of the molecular nature of different types of cancer, while revealing new therapeutic targets. The NDRG1 gene encodes a protein whose expression has been associated with tumor development and progression, but data on different types of cancer are still dubious and controversial. In order to establish a possible relationship of NDRG1 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility, clinical characteristics and evolution of patients with thyroid tumors, we undertook a comprehensive bioinformatics investigation using a series of in silico tools. We demonstrate that NDRG1 rs201348291 and rs151322132 SNPs are potential and important candidates that can influence the process of pathological development of neoplasms, including thyroid neoplasms. Further validation on thyroid nodule patients and functional studies may confirm their clinical utility in the management of these patients.
Prenatal ultrasound evaluation of fetal cutaneous hemangioma and related complications
Authors: Liao Minyan , He Bingjia , Xiao Zhen , Wang Li-min , Chen Yan , Liu Xiang-jiao , Shu Shuang , Shang Ning
Published: May 2022

Objectives：Congenital hemangiomas are rare benign vascular tumors but can lead to serious adverse pregnancy outcomes. We explored the clinical applications of prenatal ultrasound for evaluating fetal cutaneous hemangioma and associated complications.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted comprising a population of pregnant women with fetal cutaneous hemangioma, the latter diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound, between January 2016 and December 2020. The clinical characteristics, sonographic images, complications, and pregnancy outcomes were documented and analyzed.Results: We identified 20 cases of fetal cutaneous hemangioma diagnosed by the prenatal ultrasound and confirmed by the postpartum examinations. Most hemangiomas were in the head and neck (55%), with either solid isoechoicity (25%) or solid mildly hyperechoicity (25%) and clear boundary (80%). Eight (40%) fetuses were found to have complications, which often occurred in fetuses with large hemangiomas (67% with maximum diameter ≥5 cm; 100% with a volume ≥40 cm3). The most common complications were cardiac-related (88%), including elevated cardiothoracic area ratio, atrioventricular valve regurgitation, and fetal edema. A large hemangioma was usually associated with advanced gestational age and a fast hemangioma growth rate. In five (25%) cases, the pregnancy was terminated; these involved hemangioma of the head or neck. One newborn developed Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon, pulmonary hemorrhage, respiratory distress, and died 3 days after birth. Among the 14 (70%) fetuses that survived birth, all hemangiomas disappeared or regressed after treatments with propranolol, interventional surgery, or routine observations.Conclusions: Prenatal ultrasound examination could accurately diagnose fetal cutaneous hemangioma and related complications to facilitate appropriate management during the pregnancy.
Multi-view grading method for measuring tomato shape features using machine vision
Authors: Chen Liping , He Tingting , Li Zhiwei , Zheng Wengang , An Shunwei , Zhong Lili Zhang
Published: May 2022

Owing to the requirements of a high yield and high-quality tomatoes, tomato grading is important—particularly for fruit morphology. Machine vision provides a fast and nondestructive manner to address this demand, and accuracy has become the focus of attention. In this study, the gamma correction method was used for preprocessing to enhance the surface reflection of tomatoes, and Otsu’s method was used to segment the A scalar diagram under the LAB color model. On this basis, two levels of exploration were conducted. First, new evaluation indices were proposed for different views. For the top view, two shape-evaluation indices were established: the area ratio of the maximum inscribed circle to the maximum circumscribed circle and the dispersion of the contour centroid distance (extreme value and coefficient of variation). For the side view, the difference between the maximum and minimum centroid distances in the contour was established as a shape index. Compared to with commonly used shape features, the shape-detection accuracy of the proposed indicators proposed was > 7% higher. Second, an evaluation method based on multi-view fusion was developed by combining the advantage indices for different views. The detection accuracy was 96%, which was 9.40–9.70% higher than those for the top and side views alone. The proposed evaluation method combining top views (dispersion of centroid distance) with side views (difference between maximum and minimum centroid distances) is effective for classifying tomatoes.
Effects of cold stress on hormone contents, immune responses and HSL and UCP1 expression in the fat tissue of Altay and Hu lambs
Authors: Zhang Li , Gao Jingwen , Wang Xiaoxuan , Wei Dianhua , Zen Zongbo , Qi Yayin
Published: May 2022

The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of cold stress at different levels on hormone contents, immune function, and heat-producing genes expression in Altay and Hu lambs. The lambs were randomly divided into three experimental groups maintained under different temperature conditions (G2: -20±3℃ and G3: -30±3℃) for acute cold stress (6 h, 24 h) and chronic cold stress (4 d, 12 d, 24 d) and one thermoneutral group was maintained at the control temperature (G1:15±2℃). The levels of leptin in the serum of two breeds was lower in the cold stress group than in G1 (P<0.01), and the norepinephrine levels was higher in the cold stress groups than in the thermoneutral group (P<0.01). The levels of epinephrine in the serum of Altay and Hu lambs dynamically fluctuated in the G2 and G3. The glucagon levels of the Hu lambs were significantly higher in G2 and G3 than in G1 (P<0.01). The glucagon levels of Altay lambs were significantly decreased in G2 compared with G1 (P<0.01). The insulin levels in the serum of the Altay lambs were significantly lower in the stress group than in G1 (P<0.01). The insulin levels in the serum of Hu lambs tended to irregularly fluctuation in the experimental groups compared with the G1. Histopathological examination showed that the intestinal tissues of the cold stress group were seriously injured. The mRNA expression levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12 and IFN-β in the spleen varied at different time periods after cold stress, but were overall higher in the cold stress group than in G1 (P<0.01). After cold stimulation, the expression of uncoupling protein 1 and hormone-sensitive lipase in fat tissues showed dynamic changes, but were increased significantly compared with control group (P<0.01). These results suggested that cold stress induced the endocrine system and influenced the immune function of the spleen. The increased expression of HSL and UCP1 may play a role in energy metabolism in the response of animals to cold stress. This work add an important data for the studding the ability of animal to adapt with the colder regions.
Role of Vascular endothelial growth factor in radiotherapy resistance to Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Xin , Su Xinyu , Yan Chen , Ma Yuanyuan , Li Heng , Xia Jianhong , Li Hongliang , Jiang Qian , Zhou Liqing , Zou Zhengyun
Published: May 2022

Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) is related to the radiation resistance of tumors, resulting in the failure of tumor radiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to discuss the role of VEGF in radiotherapy resistance of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC). We used the VEGF kit by ELISA to detect the serum VEGF level of ESCC patients who only received radiotherapy. The expression of VEGF in ESCC cells after siRNA treatment was verified by Western blot. The sensitivity of ESCC cells to radiation after knocking down VEGF was analyzed by Clonogenic assay and Cell counting kit(CCK-8). The results showed that the level of serum VEGF in patients with ESCC before and after radiotherapy was related to the clinical response, and it was confirmed that knocking down the expression of VEGF in ESCC cells improved the sensitivity to radiation.
Seasonal and sexual variations of trace-metal elements (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe) in muscle and eggs of the deep-water Pandalid shrimp Plesionika edwardsii (Brandt, 1851) from Northeast Algeria
Authors: OUDAINIA Salah Eddine , DERBAL Farid , ALIK Ourida , BOUREHAIL Nadjette
Published: May 2022

The level of trace metal elements (TME) (Cd, Pd, Cu, Zn, Fe) was determined according to the seasons and the sexes in the muscle and the eggs of the deep-water pandalid shrimp Plesionika edwardsii (Brandt 1851) of the east coast of Algeria. Using the inductively coupled atomic plasma emission spectrometry method (ICP AES), the distribution of trace metals shows a significant fluctuation according to the seasons and the sex. Throughout the annual sampling, the order of heavy metal concentrations in female and male muscle, as well as in eggs were Cd < Cu < Fe < Zn < Pb, Cd < Cu < Zn < Pb < Fe, Cd < Cu < Fe < Zn < Pb respectively. In this work the heavy metal concentrations in target tissues are below the permissible limits set by the international standard except for Pb, mainly in summer, autumn and spring, exhibiting alarming levels.
Characterizing the kinetics of presepsin and associated inflammatory biomarkers in human endotoxemia
Authors: Aulin Linda B.S. , Kleijburg Anne , Moerland Matthijs , Hasselt J. G. Coen
Published: May 2022

In this study, we describe the kinetic new potential inflammatory biomarker, presepsin, together with a panel of well-established biomarkers in a human endotoxemia study. We evaluated and identified biomarker correlations that could hold valuable insight regarding state of inflammation and infection when considered in combination. Our study builds towards using biomarkers as treatment response biomarkers.
Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Impact on Visual Outcomes in Patients with Viral Retinitis Associated Retinal Detachment
Authors: Zhou Ashley , Ong Sally , Ahmed Ishrat , Arevalo Fernando , Cai Cindy , Handa James
Published: May 2022

Background: While socioeconomic disparities impact clinical care and patient outcomes, their impact on the anatomic and visual outcomes of retinal detachment in patients with viral retinitis is unstudied. Methods: This case series included 19 eyes in 19 patients from a single academic institution between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2018. Patient characteristics including age, sex, race, ethnicity, insurance, immunosuppression, viral retinitis, retinal detachment, retinal detachment repair, visual and anatomic outcomes, missed appointments, and Area Deprivation Index [ADI] were collected. Findings: The low-ADI group, indicating less socioeconomic disadvantage, was comprised of twelve patients with national ADIs less than 38, and the high-ADI group of six patients with national ADIs greater than 38. High-ADI patients tended to be younger (average age 38.0 versus 51.3; P=0.06), of female sex (P=0.03), and had more missed appointments (median 11.0 vs 0; P=0.002). A similar number of patients in both the high-ADI and low-ADI groups underwent pars plana vitrectomy alone or pars plana vitrectomy with scleral buckle. Visual acuity was similar in the high-ADI group than in the low-ADI group at baseline, but worse at the final follow-up visit (P=0.004). Post-operative and final visit ocular hypotony were more common in the high-ADI group (P=0.02). Conclusion: In our series, socioeconomic disadvantage negatively affects the visual outcomes in patients with viral retinitis associated-retinal detachments. These factors should be considered by ophthalmologists when treating these patients.
General Review on Mathematical Modeling in the Hypothalamus Pituitary Thyroid System
Authors: Goede Simon L.
Published: May 2022

Abstract Background: Mathematical modeling in the hypothalamus pituitary thyroid system has a long history that goes back to 1950 in the previous century. The idea of a mathematical behavioural model was mainly focussed on the hormone dynamics and mutual interactions as a function of time. However, the HPT system is much richer and more complicated than, for example, the dynamics of the solar system that can be described by elementary Newtonian dynamics. Furthermore the real time observability of hormone dynamics and the belonging interactions is challenging, to say the least and practically virtually impossible to follow. Besides these limitations the importance of such a model is nonexistent and therefore a useless effort for modeling. More important is the fact that the dynamic equilibrium relationship between the concentrations of free thyroxine (FT4) and thyrotropine (thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH) has provided a successful description and predictive model that is observable and can be verified with standard laboratory thyroid function tests.Objective: It is the objective of this review to describe the possibilities and limitations of dynamic time dependent models and the properties of transient state dynamics in the HPT system.Methods: With a multidisciplinary approach using electrical network theory, stochastic signal theory, control theory, calculus, laboratory measurement technology and the current knowledge of the physiology of the HPT system it is possible to find correct equilibrium steady state models that describe the behaviour of the HPT system which can be verified by standard individual thyroid function tests.Results: From observed endocrine physiological behavior it is clear that the coefficients of a time dependent function are also dependent on the amplitude of such a function at a certain moment. Furthermore the coefficients have revealed a dynamic mutual dependency.This results in a partial nonlinear differential equation that can be constructed after a separate analysis of the possible steady states of the system.There is a distinction between the models that describe the steady state physiological relationship between the observable values of the hormone concentrations, free thyroxine, (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and thyrotropine (TSH) and the time dependent behaviour of these variables. Only when the steady state space of the dynamic equilibrium conditions have been modeled and verified with individual thyroid function tests it is possible to find a true time dependent description of the non linear hormone interactions after a change from one state to another.
Simultaneous correction of secondary unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity using autologous iliac cartilage during alveolar cleft repair
Authors: Li Yijun , Liao Lishu , Wang Xiaorong , Tang Shengyu , Zhong Yuxiang , Liang Li , Xiang Li , Li Wanshan
Published: May 2022

Objective: To evaluate the postoperative outcomes of the correction of secondary nasal deformity associated with unilateral cleft lip with autologous iliac cartilage graft, we try to find a new source of cartilage graft for nasal deformity.
Methods: The operation to graft autologous iliac cancellous bone to treat alveolar cleft and cartilage to repair nasal deformity was performed simultaneously in 17 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate with complex nasal deformities from 2020 to 2021. Patient satisfaction, two-dimensional linear quantitative and three-dimensional radiographic results after the surgery were used to evaluate the effect of the surgery.
Results: Satisfactory effectiveness was achieved in all 17 patients after the operation. Seventeen patients were followed up for 6 to 24 months and presented symmetrical nostrils, higher nasal tip and natural nasal shape. Only two patients exhibited red nasal tips and abscess formation, which were cured by mupirocin ointment. Moreover, there was no endochondral ossification in the 17 patients after the operation.
Conclusions: Correcting the secondary nasal deformity associated with unilateral cleft lip with autologous iliac cartilage graft is feasible. It provides a new source of cartilage to avoid adding a new operative approach for cartilage obtaining and reduces the financial burden on patients' families. As for the positive results of this treatment, it is worth being widely used in clinical practice.
Key Words: autologous iliac cartilage, secondary nasal deformity, unilateral cleft lip, simultaneous correction
Horses’ interest in non-social odours varies with age and pregnancy in the Habituation/Dishabituation test paradigm
Authors: Rørvang Maria Vilain , Nicova Klára , Yngvesson Jenny
Published: May 2022

In spite of the highly developed olfactory apparatus of horses, implying a high adaptive value, research on equine olfaction is sparse. Our limited knowledge on equine olfaction poses a risk that horse behaviour does not match human expectations, as horses e.g. might react fearful when exposed to certain odours which humans do not consider as frightening. The benefit of acquiring more knowledge of equine olfaction is therefore twofold; 1) it can aid the understanding of horse behaviour and hence reduce the risk of dangerous situations occurring, and 2) there may be unexplored potential of using odours in several practical situations where humans interact with horses, i.e. to improve management routines and the situation for the horses. This study investigated the olfactory sensitivity of 35 Icelandic horses who were presented with four odours: peppermint, orange, lavender and cedar wood in a Habituation/Dishabituation paradigm. The response variables were sniffing duration per presentation and behavioural reaction (licking, biting, snorting, and backing), and we moreover analysed the data for any potential effects of age, sex and gestational stage. Results showed horses were able to detect and distinguish between all four odours and showed increased interest for peppermint (Wilcoxon signed rank test: orange vs peppermint: V = 68, P < 0.001, lavender vs peppermint: V = 20, P < 0.001, cedar wood vs peppermint: V = 47, P < 0.001). More horses expressed licking behaviour when presented to peppermint compared to cedar wood and lavender (Fishers Exact test: peppermint vs lavender & peppermint vs cedar wood: OR = 4.40, P = 0.0068). Young horses (age 0-5 years) sniffed cedar wood for longer than old horses (Anova: F = 10.03, p-value = 0.004), and pregnant mares sniffed lavender less than non-pregnant mares (Wilcoxon signed rank test: pregnant vs not pregnant: W = 93, P = 0.02), whereas sex had no effect (Wilcoxon signed rank test: p = 0.4). The results showed that the test paradigm was meaningful for testing olfactory sensitivity in horses, and olfactory interest of horses varied with age and gestational status but not sex.
Test reliability and comparability of paper and Chinese electronic version of the Western Ontario and McMaster University osteoarthritis index: protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Zhang Yujie , zhao Ye , liu Kaoqiang , chai Yongli , lin Fen , Yuan Wei’an , Zheng Yuxin , Zhan Hongsheng
Published: May 2022

Background: The Western Ontario and McMaster University osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) is the most commonly used indicator of disease-specific outcome in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) for its convenience and reliability. It has two formats— the paper-based WOMAC (p-WOMAC) and the electronic WOMAC (e-WOMAC). In China, the p-WOMAC has been widely used though e-WOMAC is yet untested. This study aims to test whether e-WOMAC is consistent with the p-WOMAC before and after the intervention. Methods: A total of 240 patients from Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM) will be randomly assigned in two groups which are named as group A and group B. This study is divided into three stages. In the first stage, patients in group A will be evaluated first by p-WOMAC and then by e-WOMAC. Patients in group B will be evaluated by e-WOMAC and then by p-WOMAC. In the second stage of the study, drug interventions will be implemented. 200mg celecoxib will be administered orally once a day starting from the second day of enrollment for a period of 21 days. The third stage is the consistency evaluation stage after intervention. The post-intervention evaluation will be conducted after administration. Patients in group A will be evaluated first by e-WOMAC and then by p-WOMAC. Patients in group B will be evaluated first by p-WOMAC and then by e-WOMAC. In order to avoid the possible bias because of patients’ potential memory, e-WOMAC and p-WOMAC will be taken for each patient at 15 minutes apart in the first and third stages. The comparison will include the overall score of the WOMAC, the score of each subscale and the score of individual items. Comparing the e-WOMAC with the p-WOMAC, the primary outcome of the study is the mean score difference in WOMAC, and the secondary outcomes are the score differences in three WOMAC subscales: pain, stiffness, and physical function. Discussion : This study will test reliability and comparability between e-WOMAC and p-WOMAC. Meanwhile, we will also collect and provide participants’ feedback after comparing two formats of the WOMAC. If the results are favorable, our findings will serve to demonstrate the equivalence of each version of the WOMAC so that it can be implemented in specialized medical activities. Likewise, our results will further demonstrate the feasibility of e-health for the personalize KOA treatment. Trial registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR2100050914. Registered on 8 Sep 2021, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=133521 Keywords: Chinese electronic version of WOMAC, Verification, Protocol
Fractional Hadamard formulas, Pohozaev type identities and applications
Authors:   , Djitte Sidy Moctar
Published: May 2022

The thesis is composed of four Chapters. In the first Chapter, the boundary expression of the one-sided shape derivative of nonlocal Sobolev best constants is derived. As a simple consequence, we obtain the fractional version of the so-called Hadamard formula for the torsional rigidity and the first Dirichlet eigenvalue. An application to the optimal obstacle placement problem for the torsional rigidity and the first eigenvalue of the fractional Laplacian is given. In the second Chapter, we introduce and prove a new maximum principle for doubly antisymmetric functions. The latter can be seen as the first step towards studying the optimal obstacle placement problem for the second fractional eigenvalue. Using the new maximum principle we derive new symmetry results for odd solutions to semilinear Dirichlet boundary value problems with Lipschitz nonlinearity. In the third Chapter, we derive new integration by parts formula for the fractional Laplace operator with a general globally Lipschitz vector field and in particular, we obtain a new Pohozaev type identity generalizing the one obtained by X. Ros-Oton and J. Serra. As an application we obtain nonexistence results for semilinear Dirichlet boundary problems in bounded domains that are not necessarly starshaped. In the last Chapter, we study symmetry properties of second eigenfunctions of annuli. Using results from the first Chapter and the maximum principle in Chpater 2, we extend the result on the optimal obstacle placement problem from the first eigenvalue to the second eigenvalue.
Targeted local combination therapy with checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-NK cells in glioblastoma using DARPin-linked AAV vectors
Authors:   , Strecker Maja Isabelle
Published: May 2022

With 5-10 newly diagnosed patients per 100,000 people every year, glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor. Despite extensive research activity in the last decades, clinical effectiveness of the currently available therapy standard of surgery, radiochemotherapy and tumor-treating fields is still limited and mean survival rates in unselected collectives are only about one year. Accordingly, there is an urgent need to explore new therapeutic options. The current standard of care includes surgery followed by radiation therapy in combination with the alkylating chemotherapeutic agent Temozolomide. Even with successful initial therapy, tumor recurrence is still inevitable. Currently, there are no defined recommendations for clinical management of the disease in the event of tumor recurrence. Only 20-30% of patients qualify for a second surgical resection, while other options include retreatment with Temozolomide, CCNU (Lomustine) or Regorafenib and enrollment in a clinical trial.
Phytochemical Characterization and in vitro Antioxidant, in vitro Antidiabetic Activity of Manilkara hexandra Seed Extract
Authors: Mondal Banani , Farheen Sara , Mal Mainak , Sarkar Nilanjan , Kumari Amrita , Chakraborty Mainak
Published: May 2022

Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard is a large evergreen tree species widely distributed throughout India and other countries and belongs to family Sapotaceae. Conventionally, the entire plant has been used for the treatment of various diseases. The present study has been carried out for identification of its bioactive constituents by high resolution-liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (HR-LC-QTOF-MS) and evaluation of in vitro antioxidant and in vitro antidiabetic activity of the methanolic extract of the seeds of the plant. Twenty-eight bioactive compounds from the methanolic extract of Manilkara hexandra seeds (MEMH) were identified using HR-LC-QTOF-MS. In vitro antioxidant activity of MEMH was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl, nitric oxide, superoxide, and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays and the IC50 values for MEMH were found to be similar to standard drug. In vitro antidiabetic activity was also evaluated using anti α-amylase and anti-α-glucosidase assays and the IC50 values for MEMH were found to be good as compare to standard drugs. The compounds identified by HR-LC-MS partly explain the various therapeutic effects of the seeds of the plant. Thus, it can be concluded that MEMH is rich in bioactive phytochemicals and possesses potential antidiabetic and antioxidant activity.
An Overview of the Health Benefits of Drumstick Pods
Authors: Shah Labdhi , Baxi Nishita , Shah Arpi , Akhani Trilok Kumar
Published: May 2022

The “Moringa” (MO) (drumstick) is native to India and grows in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Due to its high nutritional value, each part of the tree is suitable for nutritional or commercial use. The seed of Moringa oleifera is a natural coagulant, widely used in water treatment. The scientific results of this research provide information on the use of M. oleifera as a treatment for diabetes and cancer and the strengthening of M. oleifera pods, leaves, and flowers in commercial products. This review explores the interdisciplinary medicinal value of MO and discusses the cultivation, nutrition, and commercial and exceptional pharmacological properties of this “miracle tree”. MO is nature’s first aid kit, widely used in the Indian Ayurvedic medical system, as a nutrient, natural energy stimulant and to increase defense against disease. It is a multi-purpose vegetable sources of trees, spices, cooking oils, and cosmetic oils and as medicinal plants.
Epidemiology of Endometriosis in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Devi T. Ramani , Kadalmani B. , Devi C. Anchana
Published: May 2022

Endometriosis is an enigmatic disease of women of the reproductive age group. Pain and infertility are the main symptoms. This paper attempts to study the incidence of endometriosis among infertility patients undergoing laparoscopy. Following parameters such as age, SE status, body mass index (BMI), type of infertility, parity, symptoms, family history, menstrual history, medical history, ultrasound (USG) findings, stages of endometriosis, associated findings, and laparoscopy findings were analyzed. Incidence of endometriosis was higher between 26 and 35 years and at all ages stage 3 and stage 4 endometriosis were higher than stage 1 and stage 2. Endometriosis is more common in higher socio-economic class and in women with lower BMI and primary infertility. Among all the symptoms of endometriosis, dysmenorrhea is the most common and most important pointer towards the diagnosis of endometriosis. There is also higher incidence of family history among endometriosis patients. Menstrual cycles are invariably regular. Diagnosis of endometriosis is mainly through USG and rarely magnetic resonance imaging is performed to confirm the presence of endometriosis. In early stages of endometriosis, USG may not show any positive findings. USG can pick up endometriomas, deep infiltrative endometriosis, adenomyosis, and associated findings such as polycystic ovary syndrome, fibroids, and Mullerian anomalies. Laparoscopy is the gold standard in the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis. Staging is done based on laparoscopy and simultaneously treatment is also carried out. Stage 1 and 2 patients underwent cauterization of the lesions. Advanced stages of endometriosis underwent cystectomy, adhesiolysis, and excision of the deep lesions and ultimately the pelvic anatomy is regained. Women were planned for further fertility treatment based on the staging of the disease.
Examination of the Changes on Selected Performance Parameters in Response to Circuit Training among Kabaddi Players
Authors: Karuppaiah M. , Kumar M. Suresh
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study was to examine the changes on selected performance parameters in response to circuit training among college kabaddi players. It was hypothesized that there would be significant differences on selected performance variables due to the effect of circuit training among college kabaddi players. For the present study, the 30 male college kabaddi players from Affiliated Colleges of Bharathidasan University in Tiruchirappalli jurisdiction, Tamil Nadu, were selected at random and their age ranged from 18 to 25 years. For the present study, pretest-posttest random group design which consists of control group and experimental group was used. Performance variables were assessed by subjective rating. The subjects were randomly assigned to two equal groups of 15 each and named as Group “A” and Group “B.” Group “A” underwent circuit training and Group “B” has not undergone any training. The data were collected before and after 12 weeks of training. The data were analyzed by applying dependent “t”-test. The level of significance was set at 0.05. The circuit training had positive impact on knee hold and kicking among college kabaddi players.
Quality of Life among Senior Adults across Gender Residing in Lucknow City
Authors: Maurya Preeti , Agarwal Shalini , Sharmila Khwairakpam
Published: May 2022

Background: The quality of life among senior adults is an important area of concern which reflects the health status and well-being this vulnerable group. Objectives: The aim of the present investigation was to study the quality of life among senior adults. Methods: The study was conducted on a purposive random sampling of 120 respondents who were selected from Lucknow city in the age ranging from 65 to more than 75 years of which 67 men and 53 women. (OPQOL-35) “Older People’s Quality of Life” questionnaire which is prepared by A Bowling was used to measure the quality of life, the questionnaire was administered. The data were coded, tabulated, and analyzed. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analyzed using mean, frequency percentage, F test, and χ2 test using SPSS (version 20.0). Results: The finding of the study revealed that majority of respondents has good and alright quality of life. The result also revealed that there was no significant difference between quality of life of respondents across gender.
Effect of Micronutrients Intake and Physical Activity on Depression and Anxiety: A Review
Authors: Patel Gunjan , Shah Arpi , Baxi Nishita
Published: May 2022

Depression and anxiety are increasing at global and national level at the rampant rate and hence are the main reason for deterioration in mental health. This, in turn, leads to a poor physical health. With the increase in the incidence of the rate of both the disorder, it is a silent killer as well. There are many medical and non-medical treatments are available for the cure of anxiety and depression. A few nutrients such as zinc, selenium, iron, magnesium, iodine, and Vitamin A, B complex, D, and Vitamin C have also shown a beneficial role in the improvement of anxiety and depression symptoms. There is a possible role of optimal physical activity in reduction of symptoms of anxiety and depression. Very few studies are available on the role of these micronutrient intakes and physical activity on anxiety and depression. Hence more research is required in this field of study.
A Meticulous Appraisal of Vyaghri Haritaki Avaleha – An Ayurvedic Medicament WSR to Stability Study
Authors: Mehta Mehul , Sud Sushant , Bhatt Griva , Kantariya Bhumi , Pandit Sunesh
Published: May 2022

Stability study of the Ayurvedic formulations plays a significant role to provide actual shelf life of the medicament. Hence, it is necessary to perform stability studies of Ayurvedic compound formulations. The stability study was planned to observe whether any physical, chemical, and microbiological change takes place in Vyaghri Haritaki samples by keeping them at three different temperatures (47°C, 37°C, and 25–30°C) for 3 months. The samples kept for accelerated stability study were analyzed after 3 months and the details have been presented in this section.