bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intestinal pathogens detected in cockroach species within different food-related environment in Pudong, China
Authors: Liu Jun , Yuan Yongting , Feng Lei , Lin Chen , Ye Chuchu , Liu Jingyi , Li Huihui , Hao Lipeng , Liu Hanzhao
Published: January 2024

Cockroaches are considered mechanical transmitters of infectious diseases, posing a threat to human health. This study assessed the potential of cockroaches in food-related environments to mechanically transmit intestinal pathogens. Cockroaches captured with traps were placed together into a low temperature refrigerator at − 80° for 2 h. Standard taxonomic keys and Fluorescent quantitative PCR techniques were applied for species identification and digestive tract etiological examination. A total of 360 cockroach traps were placed, with a positive rate of 20.8%, and 266 cockroaches were captured. In general, compared with other places and areas, the degree of infestation of cockroaches was more serious in catering places and kitchens. Blattella germanica were most found in catering places (40.2%), followed by Periplaneta fuliginosa in schools (22.2%). According to the life stage, among the 128 cockroach samples, 23 were positive for nymphs and 13 were positive for adults. There were statistically significant differences in the intestinal pathogen detection rates between nymphs and adults (P < 0.05). A total of eight intestinal pathogens were detected, and enterovirus infections were the main ones, with sapovirus being the most detected in Blattella germanica or nymph. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) was the most frequently isolated bacterium. Blastocystis hominis had the highest isolation rate. In contrast, 12 diarrhoeal disease pathogens were isolated, and the viruses and bacteria with the highest frequencies were norovirus and E. coli, respectively; no parasites were found. Blattella germanica and Periplaneta fuliginosa in food-related environments can act as potential vectors for the spread of intestinal pathogens and may pose a significant threat to public health.
Prenatal cocaine exposure and its influence on pediatric epigenetic clocks and epigenetic scores in humans
Authors: Viola Thiago Wendt , Danzer Christina , Mardini Victor , Szobot Claudia , Chrusciel João Henrique , Stertz Laura , Schmitz Joy M. , Walss-Bass Consuelo , Fries Gabriel R. , Grassi-Oliveira Rodrigo
Published: January 2024

The investigation of the effects of prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) on offspring has been inconsistent, with few studies investigating biological outcomes in humans. We profiled genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) of umbilical cord blood (UCB) from newborns with (n = 35) and without (n = 47) PCE. We used DNAm data to (1) assess pediatric epigenetic clocks at birth and (2) to estimate epigenetic scores (ES) for lifetime disorders. We generated gestational epigenetic age estimates (DNAmGA) based on Knight and Bohlin epigenetic clocks. We also investigated the association between DNAmGA and UCB serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Considering the large-scale DNAm data availability and existing evidence regarding PCE as a risk for health problems later in life, we generated ES for tobacco smoking, psychosis, autism, diabetes, and obesity. A gene ontology (GO) analysis on the CpGs included in the ES with group differences was performed. PCE was associated with lower DNAmGA in newborns, and this effect remained significant when controlling for potential confounders, such as blood cell type composition predicted by DNAm and obstetric data. DNAmGA was negatively correlated with BDNF levels in the serum of UCB. Higher tobacco smoking, psychosis, and diabetes ES were found in the PCE group. The GO analysis revealed GABAergic synapses as a potential pathway altered by PCE. Our findings of decelerated DNAmGA and ES for adverse phenotypes associated with PCE, suggest that the effects of gestational cocaine exposure on the epigenetic landscape of human newborns are detectable at birth.
Identification and prioritisation of potential vaccine candidates using subtractive proteomics and designing of a multi-epitope vaccine against Wuchereria bancrofti
Authors: Aarthy Murali , Pandiyan G. Navaneetha , Paramasivan R. , Kumar Ashwani , Gupta Bhavna
Published: January 2024

This study employed subtractive proteomics and immunoinformatics to analyze theWuchereria bancroftiproteome and identify potential therapeutic targets, with a focus on designing a vaccine against the parasite species. A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of the parasite's proteome identified 51 probable therapeutic targets, among which "Kunitz/bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor domain-containing protein" was identified as the most promising vaccine candidate. The candidate protein was used to design a multi-epitope vaccine, incorporating B-cell and T-cell epitopes identified through various tools. The vaccine construct underwent extensive analysis of its antigenic, physical, and chemical features, including the determination of secondary and tertiary structures. Docking and molecular dynamics simulations were performed with HLA alleles, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and TLR3 to assess its potential to elicit the human immune response. Immune simulation analysis confirmed the predicted vaccine’s strong binding affinity with immunoglobulins, indicating its potential efficacy in generating an immune response. However, experimental validation and testing of this multi-epitope vaccine construct would be needed to assess its potential againstW. bancroftiand even for a broader range of lymphatic filarial infections given the similarities betweenW. bancroftiandBrugia.
Phytochemical characterization of forest leaves extracts and application to control apple postharvest diseases
Authors: Hajji-Hedfi Lobna , Rhouma Abdelhak , Hlaoua Wassila , Dmitry Kucher E. , Jaouadi Ryma , Zaouali Yosr , Rebouh Nazih Y.
Published: January 2024

The study investigated the antifungal and phytochemical properties of three forest plants (Eucalyptus globulus, Pistacia lentiscus, and Juniperus phoenicea) against apple diseases caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Alternaria alternata. The determination of the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents in the three aqueous extracts of studied plants showed that E. globulus exhibited the highest contents than those of P. lentiscus and J. phoenicea. Furthermore, the three studied extracts showed very appreciable antioxidant activity with decreasing order: E. globulus, P. lentiscus, and J. phoenicea. The phytochemical analysis showed different common phenolic acids in the three studied plants namely: quinic acid, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, and caffeoylquinic acid as well as other flavonoids mainly quercetin and catechin. The results of the current study demonstrated that the fungistatic activity of E. globulus EO (4 and 2 µl/ml) seemed to be the most effective under laboratory conditions with an inhibition zone diameter above 16 mm. However, the poisoned food technique indicated that the aqueous extract (80%) and the essential oil (4 µl/ml) of E. globulus exhibited the highest mycelial growth (> 67%) and spore germination (> 99%) inhibition. Preventive treatments with essential oils (4 µl/ml) and aqueous extracts (80%) applied to apple fruits inoculated with A. alternata and C. gloeosporioides resulted in the lowest lesion diameter (< 6.80 mm) and disease severity index (< 15%) and the most favorable inhibitory growth (> 85.45%) and protective potentials (> 84.92%). The results suggest that E. globulus has a brilliant future in the management of anthracnose and Alternaria rot of apple and provide a basis for further studies on its effects under field conditions.
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars physiological, biochemical performance and yield parameters response to acid mine water irrigation and soil physiochemical properties
Authors: Munyai Rabelani , Modise David M.
Published: January 2024

This paper aimed to analyse the potato cultivar’s response to physiological, biochemical performance, yield parameters and soil physiochemical properties when subjected to quicklime (un)treated acid mine drainage (AMD) irrigation. A randomized design experiment was conducted with five water treatment levels: TW1; TW2; TW3; TW4 to TW5 replicated four times. The results showed that the quicklime treatment increased the pH of the AMD water, reduced the concentration of EC, NO3−, SO42− and ameliorated heavy metals. However, unsafe levels of heavy metals above the maximum permissible (WHO/FAO) levels were found in Pb, Mg and Mo for water (TW4 and TW5), while As, Cd and Cr for soils (ST4 and ST5) respectively. For potato tubers (TT4 and TT5) concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, and Pb were above the maximum levels. Stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content and yield parameters responded positively by increasing significantly on TW4 and TW5 treatments, but negatively (reduced) towards TW2 and TW3 treatments. A higher bioaccumulation factor was obtained for Zn ˃ Cu ˃ Mg ˃ Pb ˃ Mn, which was an indication of the contamination status of soil, with Zn being more concentrated than other metals. The findings indicate that quicklime-treated AMD is usable for potato irrigation with regular monitoring of heavy metal levels and strict observation of water reuse protocols. The use of this large source of ameliorated (AMD) water will go a long way in improving food security in South Africa and/or in countries where agriculture production is around mining areas.
Millennial-scale variability of Greenland dust provenance during the last glacial maximum as determined by single particle analysis
Authors: Ro Seokhyun , Park Jonghyeon , Yoo Hanjin , Han Changhee , Lee Ahhyung , Lee Yoojin , Kim Minjeong , Han Yeongcheol , Svensson Anders , Shin Jinhwa , Ro Chul-Un , Hong Sungmin
Published: January 2024

Greenland ice core records exhibited 100-fold higher dust concentrations during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) than during the Holocene, and dust input temporal variability corresponded to different climate states in the LGM. While East Asian deserts, the Sahara, and European loess have been suggested as the potential source areas (PSAs) for Greenland LGM dust, millennial-scale variability in their relative contributions within the LGM remains poorly constrained. Here, we present the morphological, mineralogical, and geochemical characteristics of insoluble microparticles to constrain the provenance of dust in Greenland NEEM ice core samples covering cold Greenland Stadials (GS)-2.1a to GS-3 (~ 14.7 to 27.1 kyr ago) in the LGM. The analysis was conducted on individual particles in microdroplet samples by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Raman microspectroscopy. We found that the kaolinite-to-chlorite (K/C) ratios and chemical index of alteration (CIA) values were substantially higher (K/C: 1.4 ± 0.7, CIA: 74.7 ± 2.9) during GS-2.1a to 2.1c than during GS-3 (K/C: 0.5 ± 0.1, CIA: 65.8 ± 2.8). Our records revealed a significant increase in Saharan dust contributions from GS-2.1a to GS-2.1c and that the Gobi Desert and/or European loess were potential source(s) during GS-3. This conclusion is further supported by distinctly different carbon contents in particles corresponding to GS-2.1 and GS-3. These results are consistent with previous estimates of proportional dust source contributions obtained using a mixing model based on Pb and Sr isotopic compositions in NEEM LGM ice and indicate millennial-scale changes in Greenland dust provenance that are probably linked to large-scale atmospheric circulation variabilities during the LGM.
Verbal fluency patterns associated with the amnestic conversion from mild cognitive impairment to dementia
Authors: Cintoli Simona , Favilli Laura , Morganti Riccardo , Siciliano Gabriele , Ceravolo Roberto , Tognoni Gloria
Published: January 2024

Patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are at a higher risk of converting to Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this study was to examine the potential use of Verbal Fluency (VF) measures as markers for predicting the conversion to dementia. At baseline, 61 aMCI, aged 65 to 80 years, underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment, including phonemic (PVF) and semantic verbal fluency (SVF) tasks. After 18 months, 14 individuals with aMCI had progressed to a diagnosis of dementia. The findings revealed that aMCI-converter group had lower Mini Mental State Examination and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task scores than aMCI-no converter and produced fewer clusters in both VF tasks and a lower number of switches in PVF at baseline (p < 0.05). According to receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the number of clusters in PVF had the highest predictive value (AUC = 0.80) with a threshold of 5.510 for identifying aMCI-converter at baseline. Additionally, participants with higher levels of education exhibited more clusters and switches in VF tasks (p < 0.05). These results suggest that qualitative measures of VF could serve as neuropsychological markers for predicting cognitive decline in individuals with aMCI. Furthermore, the study highlights the potential influence of the education level on cognitive performance in neuropsychological tasks.
Study on boiling heat transfer characteristics of R410A outside horizontal tube under swaying condition
Authors: Fei Suyu , Jiang Haitao , Hua Dan
Published: January 2024

To investigate the boiling characteristics of flow outside the R410A tube under swaying conditions, this article conducts numerical simulation and experimental research on the flow boiling heat transfer of R410A outside a horizontal tube. The results show that when the swing frequency increased from 0.2 to 2 Hz, the sway amplitude is 0.03 m, the heat flux on the inner wall of the runner remains unchanged, and the mass flow rate increases from 85 to 170 kg/(m2·s), which makes the heat transfer coefficient of the working fluid in the annular area increases significantly. Keeping the inlet mass flow rate unchanged, the heat flux on the inner wall of the flow channel increases from 25 to 35 kW/m2, the heat transfer coefficient of the working fluid in the annular area has also improved, but under high heat flux conditions, the working fluid is evaporated and dried, its heat transfer coefficient increases less than in low heat flux conditions. When the sway amplitude increases from 0.02 to 0.07 m, the sway frequency is 0.2 Hz and 2 Hz respectively, and the heat transfer coefficient of the working fluid shows a downward trend as a whole. The studies provide a reference for heat exchanger design suitable for offshore swaying conditions.
Record-shattering 2023 Spring heatwave in western Mediterranean amplified by long-term drought
Authors: Lemus-Canovas Marc , Insua-Costa Damián , Trigo Ricardo M. , Miralles Diego G.
Published: January 2024

The western Mediterranean region experienced an exceptional and unprecedented early heatwave in April 2023. By shattering historical temperature records, especially in the Iberian Peninsula and northwestern Africa, this extreme offers a stark illustration of a drought–heatwave compound event. Here, we investigate the soil moisture–temperature interactions that underpinned this event, using the most up-to-date observations and a robust statistical analysis. Our results reveal that soil moisture deficit preconditions, concurring with a strong subtropical ridge as a synoptic driver, had a key contribution to the amplification and duration of this record-breaking heatwave. Specifically, we estimate that the most extreme temperature records would have been 4.53 times less likely and 2.19 °C lower had the soils been wet. These findings indicate that soil moisture content may be a crucial variable for seasonal forecasting of early HW in this region and in other Mediterranean climate regimes that are already suffering an increment in the frequency of compound drought–heatwave events.
Enhancing the quality of panel-based tumor mutation burden assessment: a comprehensive study of real-world and in-silico outcomes
Authors: Zhang Yuanfeng , Wang Duo , Zhao Zihong , Peng Rongxue , Han Yanxi , Li Jinming , Zhang Rui
Published: January 2024

Targeted panel-based tumor mutation burden (TMB) assays are widely employed to guide immunotherapy for patients with solid tumors. However, the accuracy and consistency of this method can be compromised due to the variability in technical details across different laboratories, particularly in terms of panel size, somatic mutation detection and TMB calculation rules. Currently, systematic evaluations of the impact of these technical factors on existing assays and best practice recommendations remain lacking. We assessed the performance of 50 participating panel-based TMB assays involving 38 unique methods using cell line samples. In silico experiments utilizing TCGA MC3 datasets were performed to further dissect the impact of technical factors. Here we show that the panel sizes beyond 1.04 Mb and 389 genes are necessary for the basic discrete accuracy, as determined by over 40,000 synthetic panels. The somatic mutation detection should maintain a reciprocal gap of recall and precision less than 0.179 for reliable psTMB calculation results. The inclusion of synonymous, nonsense and hotspot mutations could enhance the accuracy of panel-based TMB assay. A 5% variant allele frequency cut-off is suitable for TMB assays using tumor samples with at least 20% tumor purity. In conclusion, this multicenter study elucidates the major technical factors as sources of variability in panel-based TMB assays and proposed comprehensive recommendations for the enhancement of accuracy and consistency. These findings will assist clinical laboratories in optimizing the methodological details through bioinformatic experiments to enhance the reliability of panel-based methods.
Identification of weather patterns and transitions likely to cause power outages in the United Kingdom
Authors: Souto Laiz , Neal Robert , Pope James O. , Gonzalez Paula L. M. , Wilkinson Jonathan , Taylor Philip C.
Published: January 2024

Lightning strikes, snow, and wind are common causes of power system failures. Their frequency of occurrence varies depending on weather patterns and seasons. Here, we analyse the occurrence of thirty pre-defined daily weather patterns along with nearly 70,000 power system failures in the United Kingdom between 2010 and 2019 to investigate the predictability of weather-induced power outages. We identify high-risk weather patterns and pattern transitions for all seasons. Winter weather patterns characterized by high wind speeds and high precipitation volumes are responsible for many instances of power outages caused by wind, gale, and lightning strikes. Weather patterns with moderate to high snowfall are often linked to power outages caused by snow and ice. Because high-risk weather patterns can be forecast reliably with valuable lead time, clear links between specific patterns and transitions can significantly improve the preparedness of the United Kingdom and broader European distribution network operators for adverse weather conditions.
Communities creating climate solutions for a healthy planet and healthy people
Authors: Rossmann Sonja , Gebrewold Belachew
Published: January 2024

While on a global level, the implementation of climate solutions is slow, numerous local initiatives such as ecovillages are actively working towards establishing a harmonious and sustainable relationship with nature, fostering improvements in both planetary and human well-being. Research on the health co-benefits of global climate action has increased in recent years, while less research has been done on the impacts at the local level. This article explores the connection between climate action and health through a literature review and a case study on climate practices of an ecovillage. Three climate action tracks are presented that have the biggest potential to create health co-benefits on a global level: air quality, urban planning, and food systems. Implemented specific climate practices at the ecovillage show an individually perceived impact on the health of the residents due to physical activity, healthy nutrition, and mental health. The authors argue that the implementation of small-scale collective climate practices within ecovillages can play a significant role in addressing the climate crisis, while simultaneously promoting health. These practices provide valuable insights into evaluating and implementing tangible climate solutions. This article shows the importance of small-scale initiatives for global change. Given the limited existing literature and research on this particular topic, this article holds significant value as it contributes to a growing research field at the interface of climate action, ecovillage, and health studies.
Artificial intelligence-powered discovery of small molecules inhibiting CTLA-4 in cancer
Authors: Sobhani Navid , Tardiel-Cyril Dana Rae , Chai Dafei , Generali Daniele , Li Jian-Rong , Vazquez-Perez Jonathan , Lim Jing Ming , Morris Rachel , Bullock Zaniqua N. , Davtyan Aram , Cheng Chao , Decker William K. , Li Yong
Published: January 2024

Background/Objectives

Checkpoint inhibitors, which generate durable responses in many cancer patients, have revolutionized cancer immunotherapy. However, their therapeutic efficacy is limited, and immune-related adverse events are severe, especially for monoclonal antibody treatment directed against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), which plays a pivotal role in preventing autoimmunity and fostering anticancer immunity by interacting with the B7 proteins CD80 and CD86. Small molecules impairing the CTLA-4/CD80 interaction have been developed; however, they directly target CD80, not CTLA-4.

Subjects/Methods

In this study, we performed artificial intelligence (AI)-powered virtual screening of approximately ten million compounds to identify those targeting CTLA-4. We validated the hits molecules with biochemical, biophysical, immunological, and experimental animal assays.

Results

The primary hits obtained from the virtual screening were successfully validated in vitro and in vivo. We then optimized lead compounds and obtained inhibitors (inhibitory concentration, 1 micromole) that disrupted the CTLA-4/CD80 interaction without degrading CTLA-4.

Conclusions

Several compounds inhibited tumor development prophylactically and therapeutically in syngeneic and CTLA–4–humanized mice. Our findings support using AI-based frameworks to design small molecules targeting immune checkpoints for cancer therapy.
Mitochondrial translocation of TFEB regulates complex I and inflammation
Authors: Calabrese Chiara , Nolte Hendrik , Pitman Melissa R , Ganesan Raja , Lampe Philipp , Laboy Raymond , Ripa Roberto , Fischer Julia , Polara Ruhi , Panda Sameer Kumar , Chipurupalli Sandhya , Gutierrez Saray , Thomas Daniel , Pitson Stuart M , Antebi Adam , Robinson Nirmal
Published: January 2024

TFEB is a master regulator of autophagy, lysosome biogenesis, mitochondrial metabolism, and immunity that works primarily through transcription controlled by cytosol-to-nuclear translocation. Emerging data indicate additional regulatory interactions at the surface of organelles such as lysosomes. Here we show that TFEB has a non-transcriptional role in mitochondria, regulating the electron transport chain complex I to down-modulate inflammation. Proteomics analysis reveals extensive TFEB co-immunoprecipitation with several mitochondrial proteins, whose interactions are disrupted upon infection withS. Typhimurium. High resolution confocal microscopy and biochemistry confirms TFEB localization in the mitochondrial matrix. TFEB translocation depends on a conserved N-terminal TOMM20-binding motif and is enhanced by mTOR inhibition. Within the mitochondria, TFEB and protease LONP1 antagonistically co-regulate complex I, reactive oxygen species and the inflammatory response. Consequently, during infection, lack of TFEB specifically in the mitochondria exacerbates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, contributing to innate immune pathogenesis.
Janus SMoZAZ′ (A = Si, Ge; Z, Z′ = N, P, As; Z ≠ Z′) monolayers: potential water-splitting photocatalyst with low carrier recombination rate
Authors: Gao Zhen , He Yao , Xiong Kai
Published: January 2024

Janus SMoZAZ′ monolayers exhibit excellent photocatalytic performance.
New synthetic strategy toward a natural enzyme–nanozyme hybrid dual-function nanomotor and its application in environmental remediation
Authors: Gao Shuo , Liu Chenzhang , Yang Xiaohan , Lan Ziwei , Zuo Min , Yang Ping , Li Jia
Published: January 2024

A novel and facile strategy was applied for designing and fabricating a micromotor-assisted dual-functional platform for sensitive detection and rapid degradation of minocycline in water.
Towards metal-free supported quaternary ammonium halide catalysts for an optimized cycloaddition of CO2 onto styrene oxide
Authors: Alonso de la Peña Miguel , Balas Matthieu , Kong Julie , Villanneau Richard , Christ Lorraine , Tuel Alain , Launay Franck
Published: January 2024

Quaternary ammonium salts covalently immobilized on mesoporous silica were found efficient catalysts for CO2 cycloaddition onto styrene oxide under various conditions, including solvent-free conditions and/or in the absence of metal catalysts.
Hybrid nanospheres of silica covalently containing yellow-emitting cationic iridium(iii) complex: preparation and application in white light-emitting diodes
Authors: Li Haoju , Qin Jing , Xian Shanglan , Tang Huaijun , Jiao Yuxiang , Zhang Meifang , Wang Long , Zhou Qiang , Wang Zhengliang
Published: January 2024

A yellow-emitting cationic iridium(iii) complex was covalently incorporated into silica-based hybrid nanospheres and used as phosphors in white light-emitting diodes.
Analyses of the electronic structures of FeFe-cofactors compared with those of FeMo- and FeV-cofactors and their P-clusters
Authors: Xie Zhen-Lang , Jin Wan-Ting , Zhou Zhao-Hui
Published: January 2024

The electronic structures of FeFe-cofactors and their PN clusters from Fe-nitrogenases have been calculated using a BVS method from PDB protein structures and compared with those of Mo- and V-nitrogenases.
Constructing Cu defect band within TiO2 and supporting NiOx nanoparticles for efficient CO2 photoreduction
Authors: Tang Jun-ying , Liu Xiao-jing , Guo Rui-tang , Wang Juan , Wang Qing-shan , Pan Wei-guo
Published: January 2024

Effectively harnessing solar energy for the conversion of CO2 into valuable chemical energy presents a viable solution to address energy scarcity and climate change concerns.
Effect of carnauba wax nanoemulsion associated with Syzygium aromaticum and Mentha piperita essential oils as an alternative to extend lychee post-harvest shelf life
Authors: Fukuyama Conny W. T. , Duarte Larissa G. R. , Pedrino Isadora C. , Mitsuyuki Milene C. , Junior Stanislau Bogusz , Ferreira Marcos D.
Published: January 2024

The demand for tropical fruits worldwide has increased, but their short shelf life poses a challenge.
Urolithin A production drives the effects of pomegranate on the gut microbial metabolism of bile acids and cholesterol in mild dyslipidaemic overweight and obese individuals
Authors: Cortés-Martín Adrián , Iglesias-Aguirre Carlos E. , Marín Alicia , Romo-Vaquero María , Vallejo Fernando , Espín Juan Carlos , Victoria Selma María
Published: January 2024

Urolithin-A drives the effects of pomegranate on the microbial metabolism of bile acids and cholesterol with possible consequences on human health.
Defective UiO-66-NH2 design with enhanced photocatalytic reduction of Cr(vi)
Authors: Ren Junjie , Tao Liyue , Luo Zhaoyue , Yin Dongguang
Published: January 2024

In this study, defective UiO-66-NH2 was synthesized by a simple solvothermal method using benzoic acid and HCl as modulators, in which benzoic acid acts as a defective linker, and HCl serves as a modulator to tailor the amount of defects.
Promoter engineering of natural product biosynthetic gene clusters in actinomycetes: concepts and applications
Authors: Ji Chang-Hun , Je Hyun-Woo , Kim Hiyoung , Kang Hahk-Soo
Published: January 2024

Promoter engineering has been used to improve production titers of natural products or to activate transcriptionally silent BGCs. This review summarizes 10 years of progress in promoter engineering approaches in natural products research.
Self-assembled porphyrin–peptide cages for photodynamic therapy
Authors: Ghosh Chandramouli , Ali Lamiaa M. A. , Bessin Yannick , Clément Sébastien , Richeter Sébastien , Bettache Nadir , Ulrich Sébastien
Published: January 2024

Dynamic covalent chemistry affords porphyrin–peptide cages which are found to be active photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy using green-light irradiation.
KF-catalyzed direct thiomethylation of carboxylic acids with DMSO to access methyl thioesters
Authors: Huang Ding-Yong , Liu Hong-Shi , Wang En-Hua , Peng Mei , Deng Ting-Fei , Gao Ming , Liu Sheng , Li Qi-Ji , Yang Li-Shou , Yang Xiao-Sheng
Published: January 2024

A transition metal-free, KF-catalyzed synthesis of methyl thioesters has been developed via the direct thiomethylation of carboxylic acids with DMSO.
Carbon dot hybrid porous carbon nanofibers as efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Yuan Hongwu , Liu Penghuan , Ren Jun , Jiang Zhan , Wang Xiaohan , Zhao Haiguang
Published: January 2024

C-dots hybrid porous carbon nanofibers (PCNFs) was developed for oxygen reduction reaction. C-dots were used as efficient building blocks for incorporating heteroatoms and defect sites to modify the electronic structure of the PCNFs.
Anti-counterfeiting fiber system with near-infrared wavelength selectivity based on photothermal and thermochromic dyes
Authors: Choi Su Jeong , Seo Eun Jeong , Bae Hyoung Eun , Jung Hyo Cheol , Lee Sang Ho , Kim Jin Chul , Jung Yu Jin , Park Jong S. , Jeong Ji-Eun , Park Young Il
Published: January 2024

Anti-counterfeiting (ACF) technology plays a crucial role in distinguishing genuine products from counterfeits, as well as in identity verification.
Practical and scalable one-pot synthesis of arbekacin
Authors: Zhang Hongsen , Wang Chunxiao , Liu Kai , Li Chao , Qiao Renzhong
Published: January 2024

An efficient and scalable one-pot production process was developed to prepare arbekacin from dibekacin.
Non-catalytic regioselective synthesis of trans bis-pyrrolo isoxazole cycloadducts in water
Authors: Majhool Alhussein Arkan , Khalaf Assad Abbas , Hasan Iman Sabeeh , Kumar Ranvijay , Kaushal Sandeep , Badru Rahul
Published: January 2024

In the present work, pyrrolo isoxazoles have been synthesized by a one-pot, facile, and non-catalytic process, conducted at low temperature and under aqueous conditions. It can be counted as a step towards sustainable and green synthetic chemistry.
Evaluation of in situ thermal stability assessment for flow batteries and deeper investigation of the ferrocene co-polymer
Authors: Volodin Ivan A. , Wulf Katrin , Tzschoeckell Felix , Stumpf Steffi , Hoeppener Stephanie , Fritz Nicole , Morales-Reyes Cristina F. , Wichard Thomas , Ueberschaar Nico , Stolze Christian , Hager Martin D. , Schubert Ulrich S.
Published: January 2024

Reliability of common heating setups for RFBs was evaluated. The ferrocene polymer exhibited highest thermal stability among all currently studied organic materials; still, further improvements are needed to approach practical applications.
Wound microenvironment self-adaptive all-in-one hydrogel for rapid healing of the diabetic wound
Authors: Li Jingjing , Gao Xin , Li Shaochun , Zhang Xinyu , Guo Jiamin , Wang Bei , Jin Yi , Zhang Jinchao , Yang Xinjian , Wang Enjun
Published: January 2024

An innovative wound microenvironment self-adaptive hydrogel, that encapsulates drug-loaded liposomes was developed to promote the healing of diabetic wounds.
Silver oxide decorated urchin-like microporous organic polymer composites as versatile antibacterial organic coating materials
Authors: Zhang Yu , Tang Yunxin , Liao Qian , Qian Yiduo , Zhu Linglin , Yu Deng-Guang , Xu Yixin , Lu Xiuhong , Kim Il , Song Wenliang
Published: January 2024

Microporous organic polymers (MOPs) and silver oxide (Ag2O) hybrid composites do show good antimicrobial capabilities, making them flexible for a variety of applications.
Silindeno-fused 3H-naphthopyrans with fast thermal fading rate and high optical density
Authors: Xu Zheng , Sun Juanjuan , Yan Taishan , Zhang Huacheng , Han Jie
Published: January 2024

The silindeno-fused 3H-naphthopyrans show faster thermal fading rate and higher optical density than the carboindeno-fused analogues.
A high‐integration dual‐resonance element with independent frequency tuning for wideband reflectarrays
Authors: Liu Meicheng , Hou Yuefeng
Published: January 2024

In this letter, a novel design methodology of dual‐resonance elements for wideband reflectarrays is proposed for the first time. The alluring merits of this design lie in the compact common‐via dual‐resonance element with weak inner coupling and independent frequency tuning. To improve compactness, a traditional dipole is terminated by a metallic via connected to the ground plane. The element operates in monopole mode, decreasing the size by half. To realize a high‐integration dual‐resonance element, two monopoles operating at different frequencies are adopted to construct an asymmetric common‐via element, with an equivalent size to the traditional dipole resonating at merely one frequency. The first‐ever proposed element embodies superiorities of compactness, independent frequency tuning, and low profile. The proof‐of‐concept is validated by a fabricated reflectarray. The elaborately designed element with a compact size of 0.42 λ × 0.105 λ × 0.0737 λ exhibits an extended phase range of 484° at 14 GHz. The measured 3‐dB gain bandwidth is 36% (12.5–18 GHz) with a maximum gain of 26.9 dBi. The design strategy is capable of integrating more resonant structures in a compact area, rendering it suitable for broadband reflectarrays.
Estimating Surface Nitrate Concentrations in the Coastal Areas of the Around Savu Sea and Southern Sumba Island Based on Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Ardiansyah Trio , Giri DwiKartika Ary , Wicaksono Ashari , Dwi Siswanto Aries
Published: January 2024

Nitrate is an essential nutrient in phytoplankton's photosynthesis process. In addition, phytoplankton uses nitrate for their growth and reproduction. Nitrate abundance on the coast will affect primary productivity and biogeochemical cycles. The availability of nitrate observation data, especially around the Savu Sea coast, is minimal. In this study, the estimation of nitrate in the coastal area of the southern part of Sumba Island and the eastern part of Savu Island by using the generalized additive model (GAM). Seventy-one nitrate observation data were used to build the GAM model, and remote sensing data were used as input data for nitrate estimation. Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a data were obtained from Aqua-MODIS. Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) and Sea Surface Windspeed (SSW) data were obtained from a Microwave Imaging Radiometer with Aperture Synthesis (MIRAS) Soil Moisture-Ocean Salinity (SMOS), and Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT), respectively. This study uses the Generalized Additive Model (GAM) approach to predict the distribution of nitrate concentrations and determine the main driving factors associated with nitrate. Based on the result, temperature is the dominant factor in nitrate estimation, while chlorophyll-a has a relatively small influence. The best model to predict nitrate distribution uses four parameters, namely SST, SSS, SSW, and chlorophyll-a. The validation results of the expected nitrate value obtained from the model with the observed nitrate value obtained results with the same value range of 0 - 0.35; the difference is the value of the distribution. From the comparison results, the R2 value is 0.357.
The Implementation of Waste Reduction in Supit Urang Malang
Authors: Rahawarin Dimas N.H.M. , Warmadewanthi I.D.A.A.
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to determine the effect of waste management on the implementation of waste reduction in the Supit Urang landfill. This study uses weighbridge and quartering methods to determine waste generation and composition. The study is conducted at the sorting and composting facilities in the Supit Urang Landfill under the Emision Reduction in City-Solid Waste Management (ERiC-SWM) program, each facilities having a capacity of 35.000 kg/day for the sorting facility and 15.000 kg/day for the composting facility. The waste reduction at Supit Urang Landfill through the ERiC-SWM program is still relatively low, with a total waste reduction of 1.561,78 kg/day or 2,54 %. The composition of the reduced waste consists of three types of waste at the sorting facility: paper waste at 6,29%, plastic waste at 38,95%, and metal waste at 0,64%. Meanwhile, at the composting facility, only organic waste is reduced, accounting for 10,56 %.
Effect of Trisindolina-5 Compound on Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) Proliferation in-Vitro
Authors: Salispriaji Sholeh , Nurhayati Awik Puji Dyah , Santoso Mardi , Wati First Ambar
Published: January 2024

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subset of cancer cells that have the abilities of normal stem cells. CSCs are cancer cell pioneers with self-renewal abilities that can cause CSCs to differentiate into several cancer cells. Because CSCs are resistant to conventional therapies, killing CSCs necessitates the use of a compound with powerful anticancer properties. Trisindoline has been shown to have powerful anticancer properties. Trisindoline has been synthesized into several modifications, the most recent of which is Trisindoline-5. The goal of this study is to find out what the IC50 value of Trisindoline-5 is. The cytotoxicity assay using Microculture Tetrazolium Technique Assay (MTT Assay) is used to determine IC50. The IC50 value of the Trisindoline-5 compound is 24.683 μM at 24 hours incubation, which classifies it as a medium cytotoxic compound, 17.067 μM at 48 hours incubation, which classifies it as a highly toxic compound, and 6497 μM at 72 hours incubation, which classifies it as a compound with no toxicity. While the IC50 value of doxorubicin is 1.611 μM after 24 hours, 2.334 μM after 48 hours, and 5.324 μM after 72 hours, it is classified as a compound with highly toxic activity.
Comparison of RT-PCR and rRT-PCR Methods in Detection of Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) in Marine Ornamental Fish
Authors: Abdulgani Nurlita , Sudaryatma Putu Eka , Berliana Ni Putu Sinta
Published: January 2024

Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and Real Time Reverse Transcription PCR (rRT-PCR) are methods that can be used to detect VHSV (Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus) on freshwater and seawater fish. rRT-PCR is more widely used than the RT-PCR method because of several advantages such as requiring shorter time and fewer stages. Both methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, so it is necessary to compare the two methods in detecting the presence of VHSV in marine ornamental fish. The research was carried out with 3 steps: sensitivity test, specificity test, and sample test. The sensitivity test showed that the smallest dilution concentration that could be detected by both methods was the same at 10-3 with 100 copies in the 77bp band. Specificity tests on both methods showed that VHSV primers used are specific. Sample tests in both methods showed the same results in each of the samples tested. The results of sensitivity, specificity and sample tests conducted on RT-PCR and rRT-PCR methods showed the same results (positive) thus both methods can be used to detect the VHSV in marine ornamental fish.
Effect of Solid Polymer Electrolyte Based on Corn Starch and Lanthanum Nitrate on The Electrochemical Performance of Supercapacitor
Authors: Wijanarko Nadia Parwaty , Wulandari Dwi , Helmi Arrafii Mohammad , Ayu Pradanawati Sylvia , Ni’mah Yatim Lailun , Noerochim Lukman , Laila Hamidah Nur
Published: January 2024

Energy storage devices are crucial for reducing the consequences of intermittency. The supercapacitor is a promising energy storage device with outstanding properties such as high power density and long cycle life. A supercapacitor needs an electrolyte. We use solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) due to its safety, such as no leakage and no flammability. However, SPE has low ionic conductivity. The ionic conductivity of SPE can be improved by incorporating corn starch together with lanthanum nitrate (La(NO3)3) as additional materials in solid polymer electrolytes using the solution casting method. The SPE is then fabricated into a supercapacitor. The results of XRD characterization show that the 8wt.% concentration is increasingly amorphous characterized by a low degree of crystallinity value of 22.20%The electrochemical performance of the supercapacitor has been thoroughly investigated. The experimental results showed that the addition of 8 wt.% exhibits a suitable SPE for a supercapacitor. By electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at room temperature, the maximum ionic conductivity of supercapacitor is 9.68 x 10-11 S/cm. The maximum specific capacitance from cyclic voltammetry is 2.71 x 10-7 F/g at a scan rate of 50 mV/s. The highest energy density and power density from galvanostatic charge-discharge are 0.032 Wh/kg and 3,402.13 W/kg. This research provides valuable insights for the further development of energy storage technology.
An Integrated Business Model Based on Linear Programming for Carrageenan Production Chain in Coastal Village
Authors: Widjaja Sjarief , Nugroho Prasetyo Endry , Nurkhamidah Siti , Syarief Arif Irfan , Megawati Sintia
Published: January 2024

The blue economy concept is a development program that harmonizes economic growth, social equity, and a sustainable environment. In coastal villages, economic growth could be promoted by selecting a high-value and competitive local-based product, selecting a clean production process with renewable energy, proper waste management, and involving people who live in the coastal area. The research is carried out in Padike village, Talango district, Poteran island, Sumenep, East of Java supported by the vocational high school in Padike and the University of Wiraraja, Sumenep as a partnership institution, and involving people living in Poteran island. An integrated business model based on linear programming was designed to perform a carrageenan production chain that consists of modern seaweed cultivation farming, a high-quality seaweed drying dome, a clean carrageenan processing shop with zero waste management, and clean renewable energy. The model developed based on linear programming was run into 2 different scenarios. The first scenario focuses on the optimization in each production station and the second scenario focuses on the carrageenan production itself. From the different scenarios, we obtained that the second scenario resulted in an appealing opportunity. As a result, an integrated business model for managing the carrageenan production chain has been initiated, and as a practical example of the blue economy model which ensures the proper balance between economic growth, social equity, and a sustainable environment.
Smart Sustainable Coastal Areas
Authors: Sutriadi R.
Published: January 2024

This article is intended to explore the role urban planners in a smart and sustainable manners in coastal areas, which was inspired by previous article on smart sustainable cities five years ago. An article’s focus is on exploring and mapping international publications using bibliometric analysis is the focus of this paper. It was found that there are still few publications regarding smart sustainable city planning for coastal areas which are not yet popular. In a concern of coastal areas, engineering is no more popular than environmental planning, computer science and business, while the most popular discussions about coastal areas are dominated by the fields of geography, biology, and ecology. The essential part is that integrity is required from three basic aspects: resilience, governance, and spatial concerns. Next, with developability analysis and perceptual analysis in a balanced manner, the four components (planning process, technology choices, and encouraging a competitive economy) of smartness can be well managed. In response, the promotion of sustainable coastal areas can be implemented through synergy effects, substitution effects, generation effects, and enhancement effects can promote the sustainability of coastal areas.
Fish Diversity in Mangrove Conservation Area of Labuhan, Bangkalan, East Java – Indonesia, with Emphasis on Important Fishery Species
Authors: Muzaki Farid Kamal , Fajrinia Naurah Rizki , Fauziah Natasya Febriani , Salsabilla Faiza , Alifianuraini Zevana Putri , Aulia Elsa Dianita , Pradana Febri Eka , Wagianto Eko
Published: January 2024

Mangroves are one of the most productive ecosystems which support biodiversity of aquatic invertebrate and vertebrates. Many local fishermen in Labuhan village, Sepulu, Bangkalan – East Java depends on the existence of mangrove for fisheries production, including economically important species. This study aimed to determine the diversity of fish within mangrove (the inner mangrove/IM) and coastal water in front of mangrove (the outer mangrove/OM). Samplings with several active and passive fishing gears (scoop net, gill net, fish trap) were conducted three times during high tide periods in June 2021, October 2021 and July 2022. The fish diversity analyzed with the Shannon-Wiener (H') diversity index while similarity of fish communities was approached using the Sorensen similarity index. A total of 36 fish species were identified, with 23 species recorded from IM and 22 species from OM. The IM always has higher species richness and abundance, that is 20.33±0.58 species and 125.33±26.27 individuals compared to the OM with 13.33±3.06 species and 36.67±13.01 individuals. The IM also has a relatively higher value of H’ (2.49±0.06) than OM (2.207±0.18). The value of Sorensen index was 0.419 with only 9 shared species in both areas. The most dominant species in the IM is Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) while in OM there is Singapore glass perchlet (Ambassis kopsii). Sixteen species are considered having economic value; with most of high economic important species, e.g. Milkfish (Chanos chanos), Greenback mullet (Planiliza subviridis), Great barracuda (Sphyraena barracuda) and Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) were usually caught at juvenile and/or immature stages.
Ecotourism development with SWOT analysis as an effort to conserve mangrove ecosystems in Kotabaru Regency, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia
Authors: Nirwana Hanifah Dwi , Baharuddin  , Rahmania Rinny
Published: January 2024

The extent of Indonesia's mangrove forests has decreased in recent decades, generally influenced by anthropogenic factors including in Kotabaru Regency of South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. It is necessary to prepare alternative livelihoods and sustainable use of mangrove areas as an effort to reduce pressure on mangrove forests, through cultivation in mangrove areas (silvofishery) and ecotourism. One of the methods used to map the potential of ecotourism is by using a descriptive analysis approach and SWOT analysis (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threats). The potential suitability of mangrove ecotourism can be assessed by: 1) identified the SWOT factors according to local characteristics then calculating weights and scores of these parameters; 2) field survey to acquire the thickness of mangrove vegetation from coast to land, mangrove density, mangrove species, tidal water levels in mangrove areas, aquatic and terrestrial biota objects that interact in mangroves, accessibility, and connectivity with other tourism area. The strategies for mangrove conservation at provincial level which have been formulated using SWOT approach, then derived into action plan at regional level by identifying a potential site for this purpose. Based on Mangrove Tourism Suitability Index, this site gains a total score of 2.81, (very appropriate category). Recommended mangrove ecotourism activities can be integrated with shrimp/milkfish/crab in silvofishery area which will be managed by local communities, as well as mangrove breeding and mangrove planting activities for mangroves species that naturally grow in the area.