bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BIOMECHANICAL COMPARISON OF TRANSPEDICULAR FIXATION METHODS UNDER ROTATIONAL LOADING FOR OPTIMIZING SURGERY ON THE THORACOLUMBAR JUNCTION OF THE SPINE
Authors:   Spine Surgery Department, Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, NEKHLOPOCHYN O.S. , VERBOV V.V. ,   Restorative Neurosurgery Department, Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, CHESHUK I.V. ,   Restorative Neurosurgery Department, Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, VORODI M.V. ,   Restorative Neurosurgery Department, Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, KARPINSKY M.YU. ,   Biomechanics Laboratory, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, YARESKO O.V. ,   Biomechanics Laboratory, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2024

Objective: To analyze various transpedicular (TP) fixation options for the thoracolumbar junction (TLJ) under rotational loads. Methods: A finite element model of the thoracolumbar spine was generated as part of a study. The model includes vertebrae Th9-Th11 and L2-L5 but excludes Th12 and L1. The model also integrates metallic structural elements, such as a vertebral body replacement (VBR) implant (interbody cage) and a TP system. We modeled the result of decompressive-stabilizing surgery for type C vertebral injuries (according to the classification scheme proposed by F. Magerl et al, 1994). The study analyzes four variants of TP fixation with different screw lengths and the influence of the presence or absence of transverse reinforcements. Results: It was found that during rotational loading, the maximum stress in bone structures occurs at the contact surface between the VBRs and the endplates of both adjacent vertebrae to the removed ones. In metallic hardware, the highest stress is observed on the interbody cage and in the TP screws installed in the Th10 and Th11 vertebral bodies. A comparison of different stabilization options reveals that the TP system with short monocortical screws and without transverse reinforcements provides moderate levels of stress. The use of bicortical screws without crosslinks results in a significant increase in stress, especially at the contact surface in the vertebral endplates and the intervertebral support device. On the other hand, the use of transverse reinforcements with short screws reduces stress, providing an optimal stabilization option. However, bicortical screws with crosslinks did not show significant benefits. Conclusion: Upon scrutinizing the biomechanical efficiency of different TP fixation methods, it has been determined that utilizing a TP system equipped with monocortical screws and two crosslinks results in the most even stress distribution caused by the rotational load. Keywords: Thoracolumbar junction, burst fracture, transpedicular fixation, finite element analysis, rotational loading.
PREVALENCE OF OBESITY IN CHILDREN AGED 5 TO 14 IN TAJIKISTAN FROM 2017 TO 2021
Authors:   Department of Pediatric Diseases № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, BAKOEV F.S. , DODKHOEV J.S. ,   Department of Pediatric Diseases № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, ABDULLOZODA S.M. ,   Department Epidemiology named after Professor Kh.K. Rafiev, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
Published: June 2024

Objective: To study the prevalence of obesity among children aged 5 to 14 years in the Republic of Tajikistan (RT) from 2017 to 2021. Methods: The clinical data used for research was obtained from the Republican Center of Medical Statistics and Information of the Ministry of Health and Social Protection of the Population of the RT. The data covered the period from 2017 to 2021 and included obese children between the ages of 5 and 14. Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze the results, including data aggregation and trend line derivation. The range of values and their 95% confidence intervals were also calculated. For this purpose, absolute values were converted into rates per 10,000 children aged 5 to 14. Results: According to the study results, the prevalence of obesity among children aged between 5 and 14 years has increased between 2017 and 2021. In 2017, there were approximately 28 obese children per 10,000, while by the end of 2021, this number had risen to 102 per 10,000 children. The study also found a significant increase in the number of obese children in the capital city of Dushanbe and the Sughd region. The number of obese children was higher in urban than rural areas. However, there is also a noticeable increase in the number of children with obesity in rural areas; at the same time, in urban areas, obesity is more prevalent in girls than in boys. Conclusion: The study showed a rapid increase in childhood obesity rates, particularly in urban areas. To mitigate this issue, it is essential to utilize specialized programs. Keywords: Children, obesity, epidemiology, urban/rural healthcare, body mass index (BMI), morbidity, rising morbidity.
RISK FACTORS FOR SPONTANEOUS PRETERM BIRTH
Authors:   Obstetric Department, Tajik Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, ISHAN-KHODZHAEVA F.R. , RASULOVA M.A. ,   Obstetric Department, Tajik Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan,   Sughd Regional Maternity Hospital, Khujand, Republic of Tajikistan
Published: June 2024

The article reviews the literature on spontaneous preterm birth (PB) risk factors. The search for literature sources was conducted in the electronic databases Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, eLibrary, and CyberLeninka for the last ten years using keywords such as preterm birth, epidemiology, perinatal outcomes, risk factors, and prognosis. PBs are a significant issue in modern obstetrics due to their widespread prevalence, contribution to perinatal morbidity and mortality, and the lack of reduction in their incidence in recent years, even in developed countries. Despite advancements in managing PB and care for mothers and premature newborns, there has been no decrease in the frequency of PBs. Therefore, studying risk factors for PBs is crucial for identifying pregnant women at risk and predicting the likelihood of PB during pregnancy, enabling the timely implementation of preventive measures. Keywords: Premature birth, frequency, risk factors, prediction.
ASSESSMENT OF LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF BIATRIAL COX-MAZE IV CRYOABLATION IN COMBINED CARDIAC SURGERY
Authors:   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, KOMAROV R.N. , MATSUGANOV D.A. ,   Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation,   South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, NUZHDIN M.D. ,   Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, BYSTROV D.O. ,   First City Clinical Hospital named after E.E. Volosevich, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

Objective: To analyze the results of biatrial (BA) Cox-Maze IV cryoablation during combined heart surgeries. Methods: The study involved 88 patients who underwent BA cryoablation and concomitant cardiac surgery. The inclusion criteria were patients who underwent BA cryoablation and concomitant cardiac surgery between 2019 and 2021. The types of atrial fibrillation (AF) observed were as follows: persistent – 39 (44.3%) and long-term persistent – 49 (55.7%) cases. Results: The following procedures were performed: coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in 5 cases (5.7%), isolated valve repair in 67 cases (76.1%), and valve repair combined with CABG in 16 cases (18.2%). The aortic cross-clamping (ACC) time was 143 minutes [range: 120.5-161.5], and the cardiopulmonary bypass time was 193.5 minutes [range: 168.5-210]. BA Cox-Maze IV cryoablation was performed in all cases. The hospital mortality rate was 1.1%. Sinus rhythm was restored at the time of discharge in 81 patients (92%). Two patients (2.3%) received a permanent pacemaker. The survival rates at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years were 88.9%, 88.9%, 82.2%, and 73.5%, respectively. The rates of remaining free from AF at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years were 87.5%, 80.7%, 68.3%, and 38.6%, respectively. Conclusion: Cryoablation using the maze procedure as a concomitant step during cardiac surgery is a safe procedure with a high likelihood of restoring sinus rhythm. Keywords: Atrial fibrillation, correction of valve pathology, Maze procedure, sinus rhythm.
Quemar libros, una historia de la destrucción deliberada del conocimiento
Authors: Viveros López Elizabeth
Published: June 2024

Como bibliotecario y alto ejecutivo de las bibliotecas Bodleianas en Oxford, Richard Ovenden, el autor, se ve involucrado en una serie de preocupaciones modernas propias del mundo editorial, que se han venido desarrollando a consecuencia de las nuevas condiciones que dicho ámbito enfrenta en nuestra era digital, cuando la inmediatez derivada de la popularización del uso de internet, así como la multiplicación, generación, flujo continuo de información, además de nuevo conocimiento, mediante múltiples herramientas digitales, frecuentemente parecieran amenazar no sólo la forma de funcionar de las bibliotecas públicas tradicionales, sino su propia existencia.
Soberania Alimentar e Agronegócio: Notas Além da Porteira
Authors: Gomes Jr Newton Narciso , Aly Junior Osvaldo
Published: June 2024

Explorando os conceitos de segurança e soberania alimentar, o presente artigo busca questionar a abrangência de ambos os termos e mostrar sua insuficiência com relação ao acesso e ao custo da aquisição de alimentos principalmente para as camadas de baixa renda, o que remete ao paradoxo clássico do abastecimento alimentar. Nestes conceitos a circulação, distribuição e comercialização de alimentos, assim como o papel do consumidor são temas não tratados. Também, chama a atenção para o moderno sistema agroindustrial de produção de alimentos que rompe com o conceito cultural do que é comida e alimento, ocultando sua implicação direta em termos da saúde e das doenças que são desenvolvidas a partir deste padrão alimentar.
PRONAF e a Produção Familiar: A Diversidade do Tecido Social na Órbita do Estado
Authors: Silva Raimundo Pires da , Aly Jr Osvaldo , Luchini João Daniel , Ferrante Vera Lucia Silveira Botta
Published: June 2024

A presente análise teve como objetivo investigar ação do Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar (PRONAF) ao verificar a amplitude desta política pública junto ao diverso tecido social da agricultura familiar. Assim, visou em primeiro plano identificar a heterogeneidade constitutiva generalizada sob o conceito agriculturafamiliar. Em seguida identificou os padrões de distribuição dessa política de financiamento agropecuário. A ênfase conceitual adotada da diversidade do tecido social da agricultura familiar, não se destinou em expor o que recobreessa categoria analítica, mas constituí-la como referência importante na avaliação da intervenção financeira exclusiva do Estado junto a agricultura familiar.
Efficient Convolution-Based Representation of Smooth Reference Trajectories for Urban Air Mobility
Authors: Schweighofer Felix , Krammer Christoph , Hong Haichao , Holzapfel Florian
Published: June 2024

Accurate trajectory-following control using dynamic inversion controllers requires suitable parameterizations of reference trajectories, such as energy-minimal flight paths generated with optimal control methods. These trajectory representations must enable efficient onboard storage and real-time evaluation while ensuring sufficient accuracy and smoothness to provide the required feedforward commands. We explore trajectory parameterizations based on the convolution of a piecewise low-order polynomial with an infinitely smooth kernel. These combine efficient storage with unlimited differentiability and allow for simple and efficient evaluation using numerical quadrature. To construct such parameterizations from given trajectories, we formulate quadratic programs that account for additional, mission-specific constraints. A numerical example demonstrates the parameterization of an approach and vertical landing trajectory based on optimal control results; we show that the convolution-based approach yields competitive results compared to a piecewise polynomial parameterization, with significant storage savings.
A Compilation of Case Reports of The Reintegration of Persons with Mental Illness with Their Family Members
Authors: Yatheesh Bharadwaj H S  , Dr. Sateesh R Koujalgi  , Dr. Raghavendra B Nayak  , Prashant Patil  , Ananthramu. B.G.  , Kaveri S Kittur
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Homelessness intersects with mental health issues, posing significant challenges to achieving the objectives outlined in the National Mental Health Policy. This study explores recent advancements in technology and collaborative initiatives aimed at facilitating family reintegration for homeless individuals with mental illnesses, particularly schizophrenia. Drawing on case reports from a tertiary care mental health setting in North Karnataka, the study analyzes successful reintegration efforts and discusses their implications for future interventions and policies. Objectives: To investigate recent advancements in technology and collaborative initiatives aimed at facilitating family reintegration and to present case reports illustrating successful reintegration efforts at a tertiary care mental health setting in North Karnataka. Methodology: Case reports of successful reintegration efforts are analyzed. Findings: This study highlights the complex nature of the reintegration process for individuals with mental illness. Technological advancements, such as online voter lists and digital communication tools, offer efficient means for family tracing and communication. Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of addressing the complex challenges faced by individuals with mental illness experiencing homelessness. Through a combination of technological innovations, interdisciplinary collaboration, and ethical considerations, successful reintegration efforts can be realized.
Importância da busca de comunicante na sífilis gestacional
Authors: Brandão Layanne Hellen da Cruz , Cardoso Saraí de Brito
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Investigar a importância da busca ativa do parceiro no tratamento da sífilis gestacional, e descrever os desfechos de gestantes com sífilis com parceiro tratado e não tratado. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura de artigos publicados entre 2015 a 2020 nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, Science Direct e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciElo) nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol com os seguintes Descritores em Ciências da Saúde:  syphilis, couple infection, treatment, e adverse pregnancy outcomes. Resultados: Dezoito artigos foram selecionados e foram identificadas 9257 gestantes com sífilis gestacional e apenas 1673 (24%) dos parceiros foram tratados. Os principais desfechos foram pré-termo (34%), natimorto (27%) e pequeno para a idade gestacional (20%). O tratamento foi considerado inadequado na maioria dos estudos. As estratégias para a busca do comunicante foram o uso do cartão de notificação (CN), CN mais um serviço de mensagens curtas ou CN mais contato telefônico. Considerações finais: É necessário empreender esforços para melhorar a comunicação sobre a doença, dar suporte à gestante para comunicar ao parceiro, melhorar o acesso a um serviço de saúde de qualidade e acompanhar os envolvidos buscando assegurar o tratamento e a confirmação da cura.
Potenciais interações medicamentosas em pacientes diabéticos e/ou hipertensos: a população idosa como grupo de risco
Authors: Matos Monalisa Silva , Araujo Paulo Monteiro , Lopes Talissa Brenda de Castro , Lemos Susan Catherine Lima , Costa Marcília Pinheiro da , Rizzo Marcia dos Santos
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Estimar as interações medicamentosas potenciais (IMPs) a partir de prescrições médicas para indivíduos maiores de 18 anos, diagnosticados com hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e/ou diabetes mellitus (DM), em uma unidade de pronto atendimento. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, do tipo documental, descritivo e retrospectivo, realizado com auxílio da Drug Interaction Checker do DrugBank para avaliação e estratificação das IMPs. Resultados: 58,2% dos pacientes atendidos apresentavam 60 anos ou mais, com maior prevalência para a HAS. Foram encontradas 434 IMPs, sendo estas classificadas, de acordo com a gravidade, em alta (2,8%), moderada (51,6%) e baixa (45,6%). Destas, 43,3% possuíam efeito aditivo entre os fármacos envolvidos na IMP, 40,3% teriam o efeito terapêutico de um dos fármacos reduzido pelo outro, e em 15,9% ocorreria exposição aumentada a determinado medicamento. Conclusão: O conhecimento das IMPs na população idosa com HAS e/ou DM torna-se primordial para o sucesso de um protocolo farmacológico, uma vez que estes pacientes apresentam maior risco de deflagração de eventos adversos.
Planejamento de marketing para organizações do terceiro setor na área da saúde
Authors: Carvalho Denise Maria Woranovicz , Sumi Juliana Hiromi , Martins Isabela Fernandes , Lançoni Débora Cieslak , Nascimento Isabelly Caroline do , De Oliveira Verônica Del Gragnano Stasiak Bednarczuk , Miguel Marilis Dallarmi
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Descrever as atividades do projeto Planos do Bem, realizado em uma universidade pública no sul do Brasil, que visa a apoiar por ano, em Curitiba e região metropolitana, quatro organizações do terceiro setor na área da saúde no planejamento de marketing. Relato de experiência: Dada a relevância da área da saúde, foram realizadas cinco fases da metodologia do projeto: Mapeamento, Execução, Agendamentos, Entregas, Resultados. As quatro patologias representadas são câncer, distrofia muscular, epidermólise bolhosa e esclerose múltipla. Há lacunas comuns entre as organizações: necessidade de planejamento e projetos; pouca habilidade com comunicação digital; falta de recursos e de voluntários. Foram agendadas cinco palestras/workshops para gestores, funcionários, voluntários e beneficiários. Considerações finais: Algumas organizações estão aplicando, em postagens recentes, o aprendizado obtido. A avaliação do Planos do Bem trouxe respostas positivas e encorajadoras, e os depoimentos por parte dos participantes mostraram o impacto e da efetividade das ações do projeto.
Verificação do conhecimento dos profissionais de um pronto-socorro acerca da restrição de movimento da coluna
Authors: Santos Fernando José Gomes dos , Silva Rebecca Lisiane Carvalho da , Santos Rafaela Andrade , Fernandes Marla Dienne , Campelo Gabriel Vitor de Sousa , Santos Kate Winslet Siqueira dos , Silva Suzy Aparecida Luiz da , Lima Carlos Ferreira de , Santos Maria Clara , Porto Priscilla de Souza
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Verificar o conhecimento dos profissionais de um pronto-socorro acerca das indicações e contraindicações para restrição de movimento da coluna (RMC). Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo de abordagem quantitativa realizado em um hospital de urgência e trauma na cidade de Goiânia, Brasil, em junho de 2023. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário estruturado abordando indicações e contraindicações de RMC descritas na 10ª edição do Prehospital Trauma Life Support (PHTLS). Resultados: A amostra do estudo foi composta por 42 profissionais, sendo 11,9% fisioterapeutas, 23,8% enfermeiros e 64,3% médicos. A maior frequência de erro das respostas obtidas no questionário em relação às indicações e contraindicações de RMC foi no item “trauma penetrante na cabeça” com 76,2% e a maior frequência de acerto foi visto no item “dor e/ou hipersensibilidade na linha média da coluna vertebral”, verificando uma média de acertos de 69,5% do questionário aplicado.  Conclusão: Os achados demonstram que a maior dúvida dos profissionais se encontra na situação de trauma penetrante na cabeça, sendo uma necessidade a elaboração de protocolo referente a RMC em ambientes de urgência e trauma, além de capacitações contínuas para melhor desfecho clínico dos pacientes atendidos pelos profissionais.
Perfil clínico e demográfico das mulheres diagnosticadas com alteração de colo do útero em uma cidade do interior do Maranhão
Authors: Brás Társila Pinheiro , Cunha Eduardo Oliveira , Serra Mariana Barreto , França Cíntia Daniele Machado de Morais
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Analisar perfil clínico e demográfico das mulheres diagnosticadas com alguma alteração de colo do útero em um município no interior do Maranhão de 2018 a 2022. Métodos: Estudo transversal observacional retrospectivo descritivo, cujos dados foram retirados do Sistema de Informação do Câncer (SISCAN), compreendendo dados sobre: seguimento, adequabilidade dos esfregaços, alterações citopatológicas, idade e população adscrita. Resultados: Em 2018, foram registrados 55 casos: 3 em menores de 25 anos, 44 entre 25 e 64 anos, e 8 acima de 64 anos. Em 2019, houve 46 casos: 1 em menores de 25 anos, 34 entre 25 e 64 anos, e 11 acima de 64 anos. Em 2020, foram 11 casos: 9 entre 25 e 64 anos e 2 acima de 64 anos. Em 2021, ocorreram 42 casos: 1 abaixo de 25 anos, 36 entre 25 e 64 anos, e 5 acima de 64 anos. Em 2022, houve um aumento para 51 casos: 4 em menores de 25 anos, 42 entre 25 e 64 anos, e 5 acima de 64 anos. Essa análise temporal destaca variações nos casos ao longo dos anos. Conclusão: A prevalência de alteração citopatológica de ASC-US variando de 51-78% nos anos analisados.
Cold urticaria in tropics: A clinico-epidemiological study from North India
Authors: Mehta Hitaishi , Janaani P , Vinay Keshavamurthy , Bishnoi Anuradha , Parsad Davinder , Kumaran Muthu Sendhil
Published: June 2024

Background

Cold urticaria (ColdU) is classified as a subtype of chronic inducible urticaria characterised by recurring pruritic wheals and/or angioedema upon exposure to cold stimuli. However, very limited data is available on ColdU specifically among Indians.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to describe the clinico-epidemiological characteristics and treatment response in North Indian patients diagnosed with ColdU.

Materials and Methods

The clinical records of patients diagnosed with ColdU past 5 years (January 2018 to December 2022) were retrospectively reviewed. Data including patient demographics, clinical manifestations, comorbidities, laboratory findings, and treatment response were collected and analysed.

Results

Among the 1780 urticaria patients included in our study, only 15 cases of cold-induced urticaria were identified. ColdU was classified as typical in all but three patients. The mean age of affected individuals was 36 ± 18 years (20–65 years) and eight patients (53.3%) were males. Mean disease duration at presentation was 18 ± 27 months (3 months–4 years). Two patients experienced cold-induced angioedema and one patient had hypotensive episodes following cold exposure. Twelve patients demonstrated positive results in the ice cube provocation test. Of 15, only 6 (40%) achieved complete control of symptoms with standard dosing of second generation anti-histamines while six patients (40%) required titration to higher doses and three patients (20%) were initiated on cyclosporine therapy, resulting in remission.

Limitations

Retrospective study design and possibility of selection bias.

Conclusion

Due to India’s predominantly tropical climate, ColdU prevails at lower levels compared to the western regions. ColdU is likely underdiagnosed in India, possibly dismissed as chronic spontaneous urticaria. The management of ColdU involves a combination of protective measures against cold exposure and the use of anti-histamines to control disease activity. This retrospective study provides valuable insights into the clinico-epidemiological characteristics and treatment response of north Indian patients with ColdU.
Peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis from Burkholderia pseudomallei infection (Melioidosis) of northeast Thailand
Authors: Waramit Sirayut
Published: June 2024

Objectives:

Melioidosis is an uncommon cause of peritonitis in patients with end-stage renal disease who are receiving continuing peritoneal dialysis. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and outcome of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis due to Burkholderia pseudomallei infection.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective cohort study of melioidosis infection between 2018 and 2022, peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis in cases with end-stage renal failure was collected. The patients’ demographics, clinical characteristics, and treatments were described.

Results:

Of the 194 cases diagnosed with peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis, there were 7 patients (3.6%) with melioidosis peritonitis. The patients’ mean age was 51.1 ± 9.44 years old, range of 40–65. Diabetes (5 cases, 71.4%) and hypertension (7 cases, 100%) were the most common co-morbidities. Six cases (85.7%) had fever, 5 (71.4%) had hazy dialysate, and everyone had abdominal pain as clinical signs. Associated septicemia was observed in 5 (71.4%) cases. As part of their antibiotic therapy, meropenem was given to 1 (14.3%) and ceftazidime to 6 (85.7%) cases. Six cases (85.7%) received intravenous antibiotics, whereas 1 (14.3%) case received both intravenous and intraperitoneal routes. The catheters were removed; then, hemodialysis sessions of 5 (71.4%) cases were initiated. Hemodialysis mode was switched permanently in 3 (42.9%) cases and temporarily in one case, thereafter, peritoneal dialysis was resumed. 3 (42.9%) cases died. No significant relations were found about risk factors between survivor and non-survivor group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis due to melioidosis is uncommon. However, it may be accompanied by catheter loss and can be lethal if untreated as systemic melioidosis.
Diversity, structure and dynamics of tropical montane forests: Insights from permanent-plot monitoring in the Venezuelan Andes
Authors: Sánchez Maryam E. , Llambí Luis D. , Gámez Luis E. , Rodríguez Gerardo , Pelayo Roxibell , Ataroff Michele , Vilanova Emilio
Published: June 2024

Tropical montane forests in the Andes are hotspots for species diversity and constitute important ecosystems for the provision of numerous services critical for local populations, including biomass/carbon accumulation and hydrological regulation. Additionally, in many countries in the region, these forests are being lost or degraded at alarming rates. Understanding their dynamics in terms of the composition, diversity, structure and function is a key challenge in the region that can inform policies for their sustainable management and conservation. This study focused on the use of monitoring data from ground-based permanent plots (part of the Andean Forest Network) in the two main mountain ranges of the Venezuelan Andes to analyze forest structure, diversity and dynamics over six years (2016-2023), and their potential drivers. We found that although the we�er forests of La Mucuy (northeast) and the more seasonal stands of San Eusebio (northwest) are very similar in terms of overall species richness, they show substantial differences in their species assemblages and their biogeographic origins. Both sites share similarities in tree dispersal strategies and stem turnover rates (mean=1.16%/year), but forests in La Mucuy are significantly more productive, with a mean annual woody productivity rate of 3.09±1.42 Mg C.ha-1.y-1, while this rate was 0.73±0.48 Mg C.ha-1.y-1 in SEU plots. Interestingly, although species richness and composition has not shown significant changes during this 6-year period, both sites have increased their total aboveground biomass, acting as a significant carbon sink, which appears to be largely driven by the growth of large trees in these forests. These results emphasize the need of maintaining long-term monitoring efforts to be able to link more explicitly changes in composition, biodiversity and ecosystem services with changes in environmental drivers under climate change scenarios.
Specyfika funkcjonowania współczesnej szkoły stanowiącej przestrzeń uczenia się
Authors: Cęcelek Grażyna
Published: June 2024

Wyraźnie widoczne jest, że współczesne środowisko szkolne podlega istotnym zmianom determinowanym przede wszystkim przez nowe oczekiwania uczniów sygnalizujących potrzebę szacunku dla ich autonomii, partnerskiego traktowania w pracy nad ich osobistym rozwojem, a także potrzebę zrozumienia celowości i przydatności podejmowanych działań edukacyjnych. Sytuacja ta determinuje konieczność przeformułowania procesu nauczania na proces uczenia się i tym samym przeobrażenia szkolnego środowiska opartego na transmisyjnym przekazie wiedzy na środowisko poszukiwania i konstruowania wiedzy, stwarzające warunki do aktywnego uczenia się uczniów i jednocześnie środowisko uczące się, potrafiące skutecznie adaptować się do zmiennych warunków, otwarte na nowe idee i trendy, na permanentne doskonalenie się i przekształcanie. Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie najważniejszych założeń szkoły "nauczania" oraz szkoły "uczenia się" jako organizacji uczącej się, stanowiącej miejsce, które poprzez oddziaływania na procesy rozwojowe i wychowawcze młodego pokolenia może realnie wpłynąć na kształt funkcjonowania społeczeństwa przyszłości.
Direct oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation and valvular heart disease
Authors: Грибкова И.В.
Published: June 2024

Введение. Прямые пероральные антикоагулянты (ПОАК) все чаще используются вместо варфарина у пациентов с фибрилляцией предсердий (ФП), однако эффективность и безопасность их применения при наличии пороков сердца не вполне очевидна. Результаты рандомизированных исследований показали более высокую эффективность ПОАК по сравнению с варфарином для предотвращения инсульта или системной эмболии у больных с неклапанной ФП. Тем не менее у большинства пациентов с ФП имеется тот или иной вид клапанной патологии. Поэтому важно понимать, при каких пороках сердца существует возможность применения ПОАК, а при каких необходима терапия антагонистами витамина К. Цель: анализ и систематизация результатов последних научных исследований, доступных в международных базах данных, изучавших эффективность и безопасность применения ПОАК у пациентов с ФП и пороками сердца. Результаты. Представлены результаты применения ПОАК у пациентов с ФП и с аортальным стенозом или регургитацией, митральным стенозом или регургитацией, стенозом трикуспидального клапана или регургитацией, биопротезами клапанов сердца, с умеренным или тяжелым митральным стенозом. Заключение. ПОАК могут быть предпочтительными для профилактики инсульта у паци­ентов с ФП и различными пороками сердца. Однако возможность их применения при некоторых клапанных патологиях на настоящий момент не доказана.

Introduction. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are being increasingly used in place of warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), but their efficacy and safety in patients with valvular heart disease is unclear. The results of randomized trials have shown a superior efficacy of DOACs compared with warfarin in preventing stroke or systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular AF. However, most patients with AF have some form of valvular disease. Therefore, it is crucial to understand which heart defects allow for the use of DOACs and which require therapy with vitamin K antagonists. Aim: to analyze and systematize the results of recent scientific studies available in international databases that have investigated the efficacy and safety of DOACs in patients with AF and valvular heart disease. Results. The review presents the results of using DOACs in patients with AF and aortic stenosis or regurgitation, mitral stenosis or regurgitation, tricuspid valve stenosis or regurgitation, heart valve bioprostheses, as well as in patients with moderate or severe mitral stenosis. Conclusion. DOACs may be a better option for stroke prevention in patients with AF and various heart conditions. However, it has not been established whether they are effective in treating certain valvular pathologies.
Clinical case of Rendu–Osler–Weber disease in a pregnant woman.
Authors: Буланова Е.Л. , Работинский С.Е. , Сизова И.Ю. , Осокин И.П. , Шеина М.А.
Published: June 2024

В статье описан случай редко встречающегося заболевания Рандю–Ослера–Вебера, основным патогенетическим механизмом которого являются генетически детерминированные анатомические и функциональные изменения сосудов: отсутствие или дегенерация, гипоплазия, дисплазия мышечной и эластической оболочек. Особенностью данного случая является наличие заболевания у беременной. Представлен анамнез заболевания с детства, данные лабораторно-инструментального обследования в стационаре, ведение родов, анестезии с учетом данной патологии. Тщательное исследование показателей гемостаза, патогенетически оправданное применение медикаментозных препаратов позволило избежать лучевой нагрузки инструментальных методов исследования, выбрать безопасный, оптимальный для данной пациентки способ родоразрешения и анестезии.

The article describes a case of Rendu–Osler–Weber disease, a rare condition caused by genetically determined anatomical and functional changes in blood vessels. These changes include absence or degeneration, hypoplasia and dysplasia of the muscular and elastic membranes. This case is unique due to the disease being present in a pregnant woman. This paper includes the patient’s medical history from childhood, as well as data from laboratory and instrumental examinations conducted in the hospital. Additionally, the paper covers the management of childbirth and anesthesia, taking into account the patient’s medical condition. A comprehensive examination of hemostasis and the pathogenetically justified use of medications made it possible to avoid radiation exposure from instrumental research methods and to choose a safe, optimal method of delivery and anesthesia for this patient.
Transient ischemic attacks in a female patient with a patent foramen ovale and essential thrombocythemia
Authors: Кузнецова П.И. , Чечеткин А.О. , Раскуражев А.А. , Танашян М.М.
Published: June 2024

Эссенциальная тромбоцитемия (ЭТ) – редкое заболевание крови, связанное с различными тромбогеморрагическими осложнениями. Представлен клинический случай пациентки с ЭТ, открытым овальным окном, на фоне которых развились транзиторные ишемические атаки. Как при ЭТ, так и приоткрытом овальном окне могут присутствовать сопутствующие факторы риска развития тромбозов различных локализаций, в том числе артерий головного мозга, которые подтверждают необходимость проведения детального скрининга у пациентов молодого возраста в данной когорте.

Essential thrombocythemia (ЕТ) is a rare blood disorder associated with various thrombotic events. We present a clinical case of a female patient with ET, a patent foramen ovale, and transient ischemic attacks. In both ET and a patent foramen ovale, there may be concomitant risk factors for the development of thrombosis in various locations, including cerebral arteries. This highlights the need for detailed screening in young patients in this cohort.
Digital Transformation of Ukrainian Libraries: Current State and Prospects
Authors: Horban Y. , Dolbenko T. , Kobyzhcha N. , Kasian V. , Karakoz O. , Haisyniuk N.
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Researching the current state and prospects of the digital transformation of libraries in Ukraine is relevant to understanding and addressing the challenges that libraries face amidst the rapid development of technologies and changes in ways of perceiving and disseminating information.
Design/Methodology/Approach: For this study, the sample was drawn from the population of public libraries in Ukraine (11338 in total). The sample included libraries selected by random sampling. A structured questionnaire was designed to collect information about the availability of computers and Internet connections in Ukrainian libraries. The questionnaire was distributed electronically and by mail to library representatives. Descriptive statistics, including percentages, were calculated to summarise the prevalence of computers and Internet access in Ukrainian libraries.
Findings: The findings revealed that the low level of computerisation poses a barrier to the implementation of modern technologies and access to digital resources. Furthermore, financial difficulties hinder the ability to invest in digital initiatives and innovative projects.
Research Limitation/Implications: This study includes issues related to the digitalisation of Ukrainian libraries and can be applied to the digitalisation of libraries as a whole.
Social Implication: The digital transformation of Ukrainian libraries has profound social implications that extend beyond the realm of information access and technological advancement. This democratization of information promotes lifelong learning, promotes research efforts, and promotes informed decision-making by citizens.
Practical Implication: In this context, it is necessary to digitally transform libraries to ensure effective access to information and meet the needs of users in the digital environment.
Originality/ Value: The study focuses on the social consequences of digital transformation increasing the availability of information and reducing the digital divide, which makes it important for understanding the modern challenges of Ukrainian libraries and their impact on society.
Financial incentives as an unexpected path to whole person care
Authors: Goetz Michelle
Published: June 2024

A physician's exploration of substance use disorder by re-defining and expanding the definition of serious illness told through the lens of the patient-physician relationship.
Development and description of mouth-dissolving drug delivery system
Authors: Narwariya Shailendra Singh , Gupta Manju , M Alagusundaram , G Sai Sri Harsha , Dara China Babu , Soni Alok Kumar
Published: June 2024

Fast-dissolving oral films (FDOFs) offer superior comfort and flexibility as they dissolve in the oral cavity upon contact with saliva within minutes, enhancing the efficacy of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) without the need for chewing or drinking. Epilepsy, a neurological disorder, requires prompt seizure management. Lamotrigine (LMG), a novel antiepileptic drug, treats various types of seizures. Complexing LMG with ?-cyclodextrins enhances solubility and masks its bitter taste. Researchers developed and evaluated fast-dissolving lamotrigine films to improve palatability and bioavailability, aiming to shorten epileptic seizure duration. Nine initial formulations were created using a solvent-casting process. These formulations underwent rigorous evaluation for physico-chemical properties, including drug content, tensile strength, weight and thickness uniformity, folding endurance, elongation percentage, moisture content, in-vitro disintegration time, and dissolution characteristics. This study aims to enhance the effectiveness and patient acceptability of lamotrigine through innovative FDOF formulation techniques.
Mechanisms of Helicobacter pylori Resistance to Antibiotics
Authors: Yahya Al-Jumaily, Asma , Sajid Al-jubori Sawsan
Published: June 2024

Background: Helicobacter pylori is the most frequent human bacterial infection worldwide; it is prevalent in approximately half of the world's population. H.pylori poses a major health risk because it possesses distinct virulence factors and highly resistant to antibiotics. Multidrug resistance (MDR) and single-drug resistance are two distinct resistance profiles. Chromosome mutations influence antibiotic activity via target-mediated pathways. Inadequate drug absorption, efflux pumps activity, biofilm development, and cocci formation represent supplementary biological mechanisms by which H.pylori acquires drug resistance. The overexpression of efflux pumps genes in mutant isolates is readily detectable in post-therapy courses.
Objective: Characterization of the biological and molecular mechanisms contributing to the development of antibiotic resistance in H.pylori.
Conclusion: An alarming rate of drug-resistant H.pylori is on the rise. Primary and acquired resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole has increased globally.  Bacterial factors including biofilms, efflux pumps, and molecular mechanism are in association with H.pylori resistance. It is important to continue to monitor the resistance profiles of H.pylori isolates.
Preparation and characterization of starch-based pH indicator films for
anthocyanin release
Authors: N.H. Che Hamzah , Khairuddin N. , Muhammad I.I.
Published: June 2024

Perishable foods such as fish, chicken, and milk products lose their characteristic
freshness over time, signalling the onset of deterioration. pH-sensitive smart indicator
films are practical tools for quality control and delivery of visual information about the
freshness of food through colour changes. In this study, Brassica oleracea (commonly
known as red cabbage) and sago starch (SS) were used to synthesise pH-sensitive films
plasticized with glycerol. Sago starch is cheap, abundant, and easily available whereas red
cabbage is an excellent source of food colourants. Different concentrations of anthocyanin
extracted from red cabbage (RCA) at 8%, 12%, and 16% (w/v) were incorporated into the
starch films during fabrication using the solvent casting method. Colour analysis of the
films towards food simulants (e.g., 3% acetic acid and 10% ethanol) was conducted.
Furthermore, the structural and barrier properties of the films were investigated. Results
showed that the addition of RCA increased the water vapour permeability (WVP) by 24%
(8% RCA film), whereas the crystallinity index was reduced by 74% (16% RCA film)
when compared to the control starch film. Likewise, the concentration of anthocyanins
released in 3% acetic acid at room temperature was comparatively lower than the fridge
temperature by 0.6% (16% RCA film). Hence, temperature plays an important role in
controlling anthocyanin release from the starch matrix, although this depends on the type
of food simulant. Hence, the natural pH indicator with visible colour changes is a simple,
safe, and cost-effective tool for monitoring perishable foods.
Analysis of Computer Network Courses Security Precautions Based on Big Data
Authors: Fan Weibei , Mei Dandan , Xiao Fu
Published: June 2024

With the advent of the era of big data, computer networks have become one of the indispensable infrastructures in modern society. In this era of information exchange highly dependent on the network, the development and application of wireless network technology are becoming more and more important. However, the problem of network security is becoming more and more prominent, especially in the field of wireless networks. This paper aims to analyze the security precautions of computer wireless networks in the era of big data, discuss its classification, the necessity of application, and the security risks faced, and put forward the corresponding security technology application scheme, to provide reference and guidance for building a more secure and reliable wireless network environment.
Effect of educational intervention on the use of personal protective equipment in nursing staff
Authors: Angeloni Natália Liberato Norberto , Santos Junior Aires Garcia dos , Ferreira Adriano Menis , Valle Lomberto Ariel Romeu , Lima Krislley Crhistine de Almeida , Santos Aline Romão dos , Lima Helder de Pádua , Furlan Mara Cristina Ribeiro , Maronesi Maria Luísa Pereira
Published: June 2024

Introduction: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, specific care in the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is crucial for patient care. Aim: To evaluate the impact of an educational intervention on the self-reported use of PPE by nursing professionals. The primary question guiding this research was: What is the effect of an educational intervention on the self-reported use of PPE by nursing professionals? Design: This quasi-experimental study used a before-and-after design and involved 98 nursing professionals. Results: It was found that 78.30% of nursing technicians reported absences from work due to COVID-19. Among these professionals, 82.27% reported having access to PPE during the pandemic, yet only 78.4% had received training on its usage. Notably, before the educational intervention, 53.2% of nursing technicians and 57.8% of nurses correctly performed PPE placement. After the intervention, these figures changed to 45.5% and 36.8%, respectively. Regarding the correct sequence of PPE removal, before the intervention, 32.9% of nursing technicians and 57.8% of nurses reported accuracy; these numbers slightly changed post-intervention to 34.1% and 52.6%, respectively. Implications: The educational intervention resulted in significant improvements in the correct removal of PPE, particularly among technical-level professionals. This outcome underscores the importance of ongoing training programs, tailored to the specific needs and experience levels of healthcare professionals, to enhance adherence to safety practices and optimize protection in high-risk environments.
Suçin, Mehmet Hakkı (2012). Dünden Bugüne Arapça’ya Çevirinin Serüveni. Ankara: Kurgan Edebiyat.
Authors: Baran Ercan
Published: June 2024

“Uluslararası çeviribilim çalışmalarında çeviri tarihi /tarih-yazımı yöntemlerinin “yeniden düşünülmek” üzere gündemde bulunduğu şu sıralarda eski ve yeni Arap dünyasındaki çeviri hareketlerini inceleyen bir tarihsel araştırmanın Türkiye’de yayınlanması fevkalade dikkat çekecek bir olgu. Kitapta, zaman içinde değişen Arap çeviri geleneği, geleneğin çeşitli evrelerinde etkin olan çevirmenleri, onların dilsel, dinsel, etnik kimlikleri, çevirdikleri bilim, felsefe metinleriyle ve daha pek çok çeşit metin türleriyle, çevirmenlere hamilik yapan egemen kişi/kurumlarla oluşturdukları kültürlerarası alanlarından kopuk olarak ele alınmamış… Özetle, okurların ufkunu açacak, araştırmacıları düşündürecek ve genel olarak çeviri tarihlerinin, bilimiyle, fikir evrimiyle, diliyle, edebiyatıyla kültür tarihlerine nasıl ışık tuttuğunu gösteren somut bir örnek, çözümleyici bir çalışma. Bütün bu özellikleriyle, aynı zamanda Arap dili ve edebiyatı, çağdaş Arapça-Türkçe, Türkçe-Arapça yazılı ve sözlü çeviri programlarında fevkalade yararlı olacak bir kitap.”
الصدق العاطفي في شعر مروان بن أبي حفصة
Authors: Alnajjar Hazım Burhan
Published: June 2024

الحديث عن المديح في الشعر العربي العباسي يستدعي الحديث عن الصدق في الشعر عاطفيا أو فنيا من أجل معرفة القيمة العلمية للشاعر ومعرفة الممدوح حق المعرفة سيما وأن الشعر كان وسيكون معبرا عن الذاكرة الانسانية والاجتماعية للشعوب وقد حفلت كتب التراجم والتاريخ بذكر عديد من أشعار مروان بن ابي حفصة في الموضوعات المختلفة. البحث يتكون من سلسلة عناوين تدرس جوانب من حياة الشاعر الاجتماعية والسياسية والاقتصادية من أجل تحديد نوعية الصدق في قصائده ومن ثم تم الاشارة الى ولاء الشاعر لبني العباس تكسبا لمال مكتسب من العطايا وجزايا. هكذا تم الاشارة الى جوانب مؤثرة من حياة الشاعر على تكوين شخصيته الشعرية ورسم حدوده الاخلاقية والفنية. هدف منها إلى الكشف عن ظاهرة مدحية عند الشاعر مروان بن أبي حفصة، وقد استطاع الشاعر أن يصل بصوره إلى المبالغة، بل والغلو فيها، ثم بَنَتْ بعض الظواهر الفنية التي تميز بها شعره بالمعرفة والجودة ومتانة الالفاظ وسدادة الرأي ودافع بشعره عن العباسيين ودعى اليهم واحتج على خصومهم وعارضهم. وكان مروان بن أبي حفصة حسن الخلق، طيِّب السيرة، ولم يكن "ماجناً ولا عابثا،ً ولا زنديقاً، وإنما كان أشد الناس انصرافاً عن اللغو والعبث .
Veba Geceleri’ne eleştirel bir bakış
Authors: Taş Fırat
Published: June 2024

Orhan Pamuk’un son romanı Veba Geceleri’nin “Panorama-Anlatıcı-Okur İlişkisi, Kültürel Doku-Kahraman-Karakter İlişkisi, Dil Sorunsalı, Metinlerarasılık, Çoğulcu Estetik” yönleriyle eleştirel yöntemle incelenmesini içermektedir. Çalışma, ana hatlarla verilmeye çalışılmıştır.