bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caracterización molecular de la cañihua (chenopodium Pallidicaule aellen)
Authors: Rosales-Espinoza Eric , Jimenez-Dávalos Jorge , Sota-Cano Angela F. , Cáceres-Vizarreta Ana I.
Published: December 2022

Se realizó una estandarización del método de extracción de ADN para cañihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) y la caracterización molecular mediante marcadores moleculares ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat). Se utilizaron hojas de 40 accesiones de cañihua tomadas del banco de germoplasma del Programa de Cereales y Granos Nativos de la UNALM provenientes de dos provincias de Puno. Se realizó la extracción del ADN mediante el método CTAB. La agregación de cloroformo: alcohol isoamílico (24:1) y del etanol 96% permitieron la extracción de ADN de buena calidad. Obtenido el ADN, se realizó la amplificación PCR, PAGE y tinción con nitrato de plata. Se evaluó el porcentaje de loci polimórficos, contenido de información polimórfica y análisis de variancia molecular. Se seleccionaron 7 cebadores que produjeron 52 locus polimórficos de 144 marcadores ISSR, siendo los más informativos 841, 812, 810, 834 y BOR2. Una alta diferenciación genética entre poblaciones fue detectada basada en el AMOVA (Fst = 0.1544). Esto hace suponer que, la posición geográfica marca la diferenciación genética entre poblaciones de diferentes provincias.
Metodología TiNi para fortalecer la conciencia ecocéntrica en estudiantes de una institución educativa. Oidor, Tumbes 2022
Authors: Canales Ortiz Teresa Yvonne
Published: December 2022

La Metodología TiNi; crea un ambiente motivador e inclusivo, fomentándose el desarrollo integral, actitudes y valores positivos con el medio ambiente. El objetivo del estudio apuntó a proponer la implementación de una metodología TiNi para fortalecer la conciencia ecocéntrica en los estudiantes de educación secundaria de una Institución Educativa del centro poblado de Oidor, región Tumbes. La investigación es de enfoque cuantitativo, con diseño no experimental, de tipo transversal descriptivo. Se usó la encuesta y el instrumento para medir las variables, el cuestionario, en 58 estudiantes de secundaria de la comunidad de Oidor. El análisis estadístico arrojó que la medición de la metodología TiNi no presenta normalidad en atención a los resultados obtenidos con la evaluación de la conciencia ecocéntrica en los estudiantes de secundaria. Por ello se recomienda tomar en cuenta que la metodología TiNi es una propuesta que se da en todo un proceso para fortalecer esta conciencia ecocéntrica y para ello se tiene que incidir en la institución educativa y el hogar siendo un apoyo con los docentes y padres de familia así mismo, motivarlos en la participación de talleres de sensibilización para reforzar las variables en estudio.
Características socio-demográficas de los pacientes con exacerbación de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC)
Authors: Vera Duarte Lic. T.R. Iris Annabell , Zuñiga Pacheco MSC. Lic. Jerson Xavier
Published: December 2022

Introducción, La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es un proceso patológico irreversible que se caracteriza por una limitación del flujo aéreo que incrementa de manera progresiva y se asocia con una respuesta inflamatoria pulmonar anormal a partículas o a gases nocivos, principalmente causada por el tabaquismo, afecta de manera directa al paciente ya que es una patología con la que tendrá que conllevar es resto de su vida, adaptarse a las limitaciones que esta ira desarrollando con el pasar del tiempo y sobrellevar las exacerbaciones que desarrolle, Objetivos, Validar del instrumento para determinar las características socio demográficas de los pacientes con exacerbación de Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica, Metodología, es una investigación mixta; cuantitativa, cualitativa, retrospectivo, con técnica para muestra de selección bola de nieve, es un trabajo de campo, de corte transversal y descriptiva, Instrumentos, el instrumento cuantitativo-cuestionario y el instrumento cualitativo-entrevista fueron validados por juicio de 16 expertos, , participó un Terapeuta respiratorio magister en Salud Pública, un médico especialista en Neumología, 3 Médicos generales, 2 Odontólogos maestrante en Salud Publica, 4 licenciados/as en Enfermería maestrantes en Salud Publica, 3 Terapeutas Respiratorios con experiencia en el manejo de pacientes con la EPOC y 2 nutricionistas maestrantes en Salud Publica, Resultados, el plan piloto fue con la técnica de selección bola de nieve y su resultado demostró que en el instrumento cuantitativo: alfa de Cronbach se obtuvo una calificación de 0.8 una confiabilidad de Bueno-Alto, en el instrumento cualitativo: se obtuvo un promedio de 89; categoría: emocional 85, familiar 83 y socioeconómica 87 como resultado se califica de 80-100 muy confiable, Conclusiones, se realizó la validación del instrumento por juicio de expertos alcanzando puntaje de 89 “Confiabilidad” queda considerado como instrumento “Muy Confiable” determinar las características socio demográficas de los pacientes con exacerbación de la EPOC.
La educación inclusiva universitaria ecuatoriana: una visión desde la legislación aplicada en el instituto superior universitario ARGOS
Authors: Torres Benalcázar Joel Isaías , Veas Aguirre Shirley , Chaguay Aldás Mónica del Rocío
Published: December 2022

En el Ecuador, la implementación de la educación inclusiva en las universidades se ha implementado desde la Constitución del año 2008, y la UPSE ha sabido implementarla de forma efectiva. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue de determinar el concepto de educación inclusiva. Posteriormente, se determinó si en el Ecuador, existe educación inclusiva en las universidades. Se tomó como referencia el análisis del Instituto Superior Tecnológico ARGOS (ISTA) siendo una institución educativa modelo en la aplicación de este sistema para sus estudiantes. La metodología de la investigación aplicada es de tipo descriptiva, inductiva y exploratoria con enfoque mixto, la cual utilizó fuentes de información primarias como la encuesta de sus estudiantes, para determinar si existe inclusión educativa. Así, como la utilización de fuentes secundarias como investigaciones previas y análisis en las leyes del Ecuador e internacionales sobre la importancia de la educación inclusiva. Los resultados revelaron que el ISTA si aplican inclusión educativa, la cual puede ser replicada en otros centros educativos.
Motivation, teaching and learning strategies, french and english case
Authors: Ruiz Sánchez MTRA. Margarita , González Valerdi LIC Yesenia , Meneses Aguilar Ana Karen , González Peréz Arely
Published: December 2022

Es sustancial, plantear estrategias didácticas que contemplen los objetivos de Enseñanza-Aprendizaje a partir de los diversos métodos, los cuales deben dirigirse a las necesidades particulares de cada asignatura y de la persona que está estudiando una lengua extranjera, por lo tanto los docentes deben conocer y emplear una variedad de actividades que le permitan concretar dichos procesos cognitivos y metacognitivos.
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo dotar al docente de un repertorio de estrategias didácticas, motivacionales y  por competencias para la enseñanza-aprendizaje de una segunda lengua, en este caso el francés e inglés a través de diversos métodos tales como;  el audio lingual, el método situacional, el método comunicativo y el método de trabajo grupal, para después empezar a dar pasos con vistas a desarrollar el método constructivista con el propósito de que el alumno sea capaz de mejorar su producción oral al crear frases significativas en la lengua meta asociadas a determinado contexto social concibiendo cada vez más como el resultado del vínculo entre lo afectivo, lo cognitivo, las interacciones sociales y la comunicación
Riesgos ergonómicos presentes en el personal de enfermería de un centro médico privado
Authors: Hernández Nava Nereyda , Llanas Rodriguez Giselle Viridiana , Fosado Quiroz Rosa Eréndira , Martínez Ramírez Alejandro , León Verastegui Ángel Gilberto
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: identificar los riesgos ergonómicos a los que se expone el personal de enfermería del servicio médico privado, durante la ejecución de actividades diarias. Método se realizó un estudio descriptivo con enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental, a través de una guía de observación y la aplicación de un cuestionario de 12 preguntas realizado a todos los profesionales que laboran en el servicio médico privado. Resultados: los riesgos ergonómicos se deben a los inadecuados hábitos y costumbres al adoptar posturas las cuales están relacionadas al diseño del puesto de trabajo, manipulación de mobiliario, manejo de cargas y los movimientos repetitivos en pies y manos. Respecto a la ergonomía ambiental son el ruido generado por los exteriores y la elevada temperatura y la presencia de polvos. En cuanto a la ergonomía temporal es el descanso como pausas en medio de la jornada, la sobrecarga laboral y el desconocimiento de prevención y control de riesgos ergonómicos. Siendo las mialgias por esfuerzo y el cansancio los problemas de salud más frecuentes en el personal de enfermería
Russia’s War against Ukraine and Its Impact on Regional and Global Processes
Authors: Humeniuk Borys
Published: December 2022

The article analyses the impact of the russian-Ukrainian war on regional and global processes. The emphasis is placed on Ukraine’s ongoing national liberation war as an opportunity for the final liberation of national consciousness from the vestiges of the Stalinist administrative-political system of the ex-Soviet empire, and the eradication of anti-state (primarily pro-russian) political forces. There is a chance for self-affirmation of Ukrainian identity in the international arena as a politically monolithic state entity with Euro-Atlantic values based on science-intensive and high-tech potential.
The study reveals that the russian-Ukrainian war demonstrated the flaws of the European security system, the miscalculations of the leaders of NATO countries, leading European politicians, and the weakening of the security situation on the continent. The author states that the creators of the European security system recognised the mistakes they had made and quickly started working on eliminating previous miscalculations. The foundation of the new international coalition in support of Ukraine was laid by the meeting in Ramstein on 26 April 2022, which showed the determination of allies to invest in the result – the victory of Ukraine.
The author highlights the new quality of relations between Ukraine and NATO, which emerged in March–April 2022 as a basic component of the newly created system of European and global security.
Moreover, the article demonstrates the fundamental impact of the russian-Ukrainian war on the system of international relations, its security, economic, and trade components, as well as the reformatting of world Orthodoxy amid the discrediting of the russian orthodox church.
In general, the security architecture in Europe has radically changed since 24 February 2022. The russian invasion of Ukraine has caused a serious impact on the new perception and new understanding of the Northern European defence community by its members.
The post-war, remodelled European security system can no longer be imagined without Ukraine’s multilateral participation in it as a basic element of this system.
Keywords: national liberation war, identity, NATO, the architecture of European security
Pelatihan Pengelolaan Kemasan untuk Pemberdayaan Usaha Mikro Kabupaten Kampar
Authors: Misral Misral , Ardi Hendri Ali , Sandri Siti Hanifa , Rahmayanti Sri , Rahayu Norra Isnasia , Algusri Jeki , Hidayat Pandu , Aulisma Rina
Published: December 2022

mengharuskan pelaku usaha mengelola ciri khas produknya melalui pengemasan kemasan produk merupakan salah satu komponen penting bagi pelaku UMK. Kemasan merupakan aspek penting yang sering diabaikan oleh pelaku usaha, umumnya focus mereka hanya pada keunggulan produk agar dapat bersaing. Dinas Perdagangan Koperasi dan UMK Kota Kampar melalui Kerjasama Program Studi Keuangan dan Perbankan Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis serta Program Studi Teknik Industri Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau memberikan pelatihan perhatian khusus dari tentang pengelolaan kemasan dan pengelolaan keuangan. Metode dalam pelatihan ini dilaksanakan melalui ceramah, diskusi dan tanya jawab antara peserta dan pemateri. Peserta pelatihan ini dihadiri kurang lebih 50 Pelaku UMK Kota Kampar dengan berbagai macam produk dan dilaksanakan pada bulan November di Hotel Khas Pekanbaru. pelatihan ini bertujuan meningkatkan kemampuan pelaku UMK Kota Kampar dalam meningkatkan pengelolaan kemasan dan keuangan sehingga meningkatkan keuntungan.
Perancangan UI “Ceramahku” menggunakan metode learn ux berbasis web
Authors: Manurung Aisyah , Chakra Wibawanto  , Naufal Khairi  , Junadhi
Published: December 2022

Seiring berjalannya waktu saat ini masyarakat sudah mulai berkurang dalam mengikuti kegiatan ceramah di mesjid-mesjid ataupun kegiatan tausiyah agama yang disebabkan oleh kesibukan dalam bekerja ataupun hal lainya. maka dari itu kebutuhan aplikasi ceramah di Indonesia meningkat dikarenakan Ilmu agama yang sangat minim di era milenial ini dan hal itu juga sejalan dengan meningkatnya kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya pendidikan islam yang ditanamkan sejak dini. Maka untuk itu pentingnya pendidikan islam pada generasi muda dengan memberikan metode yang tidak membosankan serta sesuai kebutuhan user  untuk mewujudkan cita-cita masyarakat islam yaitu mengikuti perintah Allah SWT, dan menanamkan akhlatul Karimah sebagai bekal menuju jalan yang telah disiapkan oleh Allah SWT.

Kemajuan Teknologi saat ini Memiliki Peranan penting setiap harinya,maka dari itu team kami menciptakan Aplikasi Berbasis Website yaitu “CERAMAHKU” yang bertujuan untuk memudahkan user mencari nama ustad/ustadzah di sekitaran pekanbaru untuk mengisi di acara-acara islam seperti Maulid nabi, Tahun baru hijriyah,Isra Mi’raj dan lain-lain. Website ini menggunakan metode learn ux adalah metode yang popular di era digital seperti sekarang ini karena metode ini dapat menyelesaikan sebuah kegiatan dengan lebih cepat dengan mengurangi kegiatan dokumentasi tetapi lebih fokus terhadapan pemahaman bersama terhadap kegiatan yang dikembangkan.Rancangan design dan proses pembuatan website juga dibuat dengan menggunakan  figma dan tidak lupa menggunakan prototype sebagaimana semestinya.Semoga aplikasi berbasis website “CERAMAHAKU” ini dapat diterima di kalangan masyarakat luar dan mendapatkan rating yang baik agar dapat bersaing dengan aplikasi berbasis website lainnya.
The Final Season Reimagined: 30 Tidal Disruption Events from the ZTF-I Survey
Authors: Hammerstein Erica , van Velzen Sjoert , Gezari Suvi , Cenko S. Bradley , Yao Yuhan , Ward Charlotte , Frederick Sara , Villanueva Natalia , Somalwar Jean J. , Graham Matthew J. , Kulkarni Shrinivas R. , Stern Daniel , Andreoni Igor , Bellm Eric C. , Dekany Richard , Dhawan Suhail , Drake Andrew J. , Fremling Christoffer , Gatkine Pradip , Groom Steven L. , Ho Anna Y. Q. , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Karambelkar Viraj , Kool Erik C. , Masci Frank J. , Medford Michael S. , Perley Daniel A. , Purdum Josiah , Roestel Jan van , Sharma Yashvi , Sollerman Jesper , Taggart Kirsty , Yan Lin
Published: December 2022

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) offer a unique way to study dormant black holes. While the number of observed TDEs has grown thanks to the emergence of wide-field surveys in the past few decades, questions regarding the nature of the observed optical, UV, and X-ray emission remain. We present a uniformly selected sample of 30 spectroscopically classified TDEs from the Zwicky Transient Facility Phase I survey operations with follow-up Swift UV and X-ray observations. Through our investigation into correlations between light-curve properties, we recover a shallow positive correlation between the peak bolometric luminosity and decay timescales. We introduce a new spectroscopic class of TDE, TDE-featureless, which are characterized by featureless optical spectra. The new TDE-featureless class shows larger peak bolometric luminosities, peak blackbody temperatures, and peak blackbody radii. We examine the differences between the X-ray bright and X-ray faint populations of TDEs in this sample, finding that X-ray bright TDEs show higher peak blackbody luminosities than the X-ray faint subsample. This sample of optically selected TDEs is the largest sample of TDEs from a single survey yet, and the systematic discovery, classification, and follow-up of this sample allows for robust characterization of TDE properties, an important stepping stone looking forward toward the Rubin era.
Pore Accessibility in Amorphous Solid Water
Authors: Carmack Rebecca A. , Tribbett Patrick D. , Loeffler Mark J.
Published: December 2022

The porous nature of amorphous solid water (ASW) can significantly effect the chemical evolution of any planetary or astrophysical surface it forms on due to its ability to trap and retain volatiles. The amount of volatiles that can enter an ASW grain or mantle is limited by how interconnected the pores are to each other and to the exterior surface. Previous laboratory studies examined the interconnectivity of ASW pores in thin ASW films relevant to ice mantles on interstellar grains. Here, we investigate to what extent the interconnectivity of pores and subsequent gas absorption properties of ASW change as one moves toward thicker samples (up to ∼1019 H2O cm−2 or ∼4 μm) more representative of icy material found in the outer solar system. We find that for all film thicknesses studied, the internal pores are accessible from the sample’s surface, and the amount of gas needed to fill the pores increases linearly with the ASW column density. This linear relation supports that the interconnectivity to the surface will persist in ices that are much thicker than those we were able to study, suggesting that the amount of contaminant gas trapped within ASW can significantly alter the chemical evolution of a variety of ASW-rich surfaces in the outer solar system.
Stereotactic radiosurgery for limited brain metastasis using three different techniques: helical tomotherapy, volumetric modulated arc therapy, and cone-based LINAC radiosurgery
Authors: Jia-Mahasap Bongkot , Madla Chakri , Sripan Patumrat , Chitapanarux Imjai , Tharavichitkul Ekkasit , Chakrabandhu Somvilai , Klunklin Pitchayaponne , Onchan Wimrak
Published: December 2022

Purpose: Specific radiation delivered to tumors by stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has become widely used in the treatment of brain metastasis. This study aimed to compare radiation therapy planning and its parameters from SRS using three different modalities: helical tomotherapy (HT), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and cone-based linac radiosurgery (Cone-based). Materials and Methods: Each contouring dataset of patents who experienced one to four brain metastasis received SRS in our center was re-planned to create radiation therapy planning in all three treatment systems (HT, VMAT, and Cone-based). The parameters of conformity index (CI), homogeneity index (HI), CI50, and gradient index (CGI) were analyzed to compare the effects of the three techniques. Decision score analysis was used to evaluate the performance on dosimetric and organs-at-risk parameters among the different techniques by applying the Cone-based technique as a benchmark.Results: A total of 21 patients with 39 lesions were included in this study. The results from the decision score analysis demonstrated statistically identical CI, CI50, and CGI values between Cone-based and VMAT for single lesions. For multiple lesions, VMAT also provided better CI when compared to Cone-based technique while HT exhibited the poorest dosimetric parameters. Moreover, VMAT exhibited the lowest BrainV5Gy value and displayed the shortest beam-on time calculation. Conclusion: We have conducted a comprehensive comparison of SRS planning approaches. The Cone-based technique revealed the highest HI value, while VMAT provided the best estimated beam-on time value. HT displayed a feasible SRS modality for single lesions, but not for multiple lesions.
Journey to hypofractionation in radiotherapy for breast cancer: critical reviews for recent updates
Authors: Kim Nalee , Kim Yong Bae
Published: December 2022

Historical conventional fractionated radiation therapy (RT) for breast cancer consisted of 1.8–2.0 Gy per fraction with a total dose of 45–60 Gy over 5–7 weeks. Based on radiobiological characteristics, a low α/β is suspected of breast cancer resulting in sensitivity to higher dose per fraction (2.5–3.0 Gy). Over the past 10 years, multiple clinical trials support the application of shorter treatment regimen with hypofractionated RT (HypoRT). Recently, ultra-HypoRT with 5 fractions showed favorable outcomes. Although the safety and efficacy of HypoRT has been supported by high-quality randomized trials, there are still some worries and doubts around HypoRT from radiation oncologists. However, the radiation oncology community have now reached an important timepoint for adopting HypoRT during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of HypoRT in breast cancer based on prospective randomized trials and discuss the special consideration regarding HypoRT.
The Effect of Minocycline on MMP-9 Levels in Traumatic Brain Injury: An Experimental Study in Wistar Rats
Authors: Perdana Darren , Ihwan Andi , Zainuddin Andi Alfian , Islam Andi Asadul , Widodo Djoko , Nasrullah Nasrullah , Adhimarta Willy , Wahyudi Wahyudi , Christeven Robert , Faruk Muhammad
Published: December 2022

Introduction
The matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) inhibition is an important target in the treatment of traumatic brain injury. Recent studies have shown that Minocycline may have MMP-9 inhibition activity. This study aims to determine the effect of minocycline in inhibiting MMP-9 in cases of head injury which has not been studied much.
 
Methods
This research was conducted using a laboratory experimental method on rats with a post-test control group design. The research was conducted at the Animal Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University for a period of 2 weeks. The research population was rats with traumatic brain injury and rats without traumatic brain injury as controls. The sample size for each group was determined with Federer's formula, the minimum number of samples for each group was 9 experimental animals (a total of 27 mice in this study). Group 1 are control group, group 2(TBI) are rats with a traumatic brain injury, and group 3 are rats with a traumatic brain injury who was given minocycline.
 
Results
The mean value of MMP-9 in group 2 (TBI) was 0.610116 ng/ml compared to the control mean value of 0.519300 ng/ml. The mean value of MMP-9 in group 3 (TBI+M) was 0.552674 ng/ml. From the ANOVA test, there was a significant relationship with a p-value = 0.001 There was a statistically significant relationship between the administration of minocycline and the decrease in MMP-9 levels in traumatic brain injury in Wistar rats.
 
Conclusion
The level of MMP-9 in Wistar rats with traumatic brain injury who were given minocycline was shown to be significantly lower than that of those without minocycline treatment. This result showed that minocycline has the potential to inhibit the increase of MMP-9 levels in traumatic brain injury.
Correlation of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness and Inflammation Post-exercise Induced Muscle Damage
Authors: Sulistyarto Soni , Irawan Roy , Kumaat Noortje Anita , Rimawati Nanda
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) is a common injury resulting from abnormal intensive training in athletes, mainly the result of training involving eccentric contractions.
AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between the incidence of DOMS and HMGB1 as a marker of the occurrence of inflammation post Exercise Induces Muscle Damaged.
METHOD: 28 male recreational students of Sports Science Department, Universitas Negeri Surabaya who met all inclusion and exclusion criteria participated in this study. Participants completed a muscle damaging exercise which consists of a 10x10 drop jump (DRP) and a bout of 40×15 m sprints with a 5 m deceleration zone (SPR) to obtain a muscle damage effect. In this study, the stretching in the exercise session was not given, this was done to get the DOMS effect after exercise. DOMS and HMGB1 was carry out 1 hour before the exercise, 12 hours after the exercise, 24 hours after the exercise and 48 hours after the exercise.
RESULT: The result showed that there was a significant correlation (r=0.935, p<0.05) between DOMS and HMGB1 as a predictor of inflammation. The participants that were given EIMD eccentric exercise (DRP and SPR) showed the occurrence of DOMS and increasing of HMGB1. The result also showed that there was a correlation between DOMS and HMGB1.
CONCLUSION: This study concluded that there was a correlation between DOMS and HMGB1 as a marker of inflammation as the result of the eccentric exercise of the exercise Induced Muscle Damage (EIMD).
The Effect of Cold Rolling Parameters on the Densification of Titanium Sintered Strips
Authors: Zvinavashe Kudzai C. , Chikosha Silethelwe , Madyira Daniel Makundwaneyi , Maumela Mbavhalelo
Published: December 2022

Powder metallurgy (PM) is an alternative approach to ingot metallurgy (IM) in the production of metal products. It is of paramount importance for PM to be able to produce fully dense products for it to make headway in becoming an equal alternative to IM and be a better option economy-wise. Cold rolling is an inexpensive post-sintering densification option that enables the lowering of sintering conditions. Experiments were carried out in this study to investigate cold rolling parameters on the densification of titanium brown compacts with a starting relative density of 89.3 %. The highest relative density obtained during the cold rolling experiments was 97.7 % without any annealing. It was found that the density increases with an increase in the percentage reduction of cold rolling. High percentage reductions reduce the number of roll passes needed to increase the density up to a limit where the brown compacts become susceptible to severe rolling defects. It was also found that the total increase in density increases with a decrease in cold rolling speed. An increase in the relative density of 8.36 % was observed at the cold rolling speed of 1 rpm, whereas the highest increase recorded at 10 rpm was 5.83 %.
Metal Injection Molding of Low Alloy Steel by Using a Palm Stearin/HDPE Binder System
Authors: Momeni Vahid
Published: December 2022

Metal injection molding (MIM) is a proven technology for fabricating complex geometry and low-cost components. The binder system formulation and powder loading are the key parameters affecting the final properties of the manufactured parts in this process. This study investigates the influence of palm stearin (PS) content in a PS/High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) binder system for three powder loadings of 60, 65, and 70 Vol.%. The manufactured feedstocks are characterized using scanning electron micrograph (SEM), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), rheological and mechanical tests. The results show that PS enhances mechanical properties at increased powder loading. In addition, residual carbon following changing the PS percentages has a significant role in determining the final characteristics of parts. Findings demonstrated that PS could drastically alter the rheological behavior, a crucial criterion for optimizing the feedstock formulation in the MIM process.
Preliminary Study of Glucose Removal Using Biosorbents from Ananas comosus Leaves
Authors: Jimali Nurul Fathira Anisa , Chan Yen San , Siner Angela
Published: December 2022

The usefulness of Ananas comosus (pineapple) is not limited its fruits. This study aims to explore the removal of glucose, which are present in clinical waste by pineapple leaf biosorbents derived through three pre-treatment methods. Particle size analysis showed the smallest particle were from the steam pre-treated biosorbents and largest particles were from the 5% alkali pre-treated biosorbents. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy showed that lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose remained unchanged in both the used and unused biosorbents. Despite the large particle size of the alkali pre-treated biosorbents, up to 70% of glucose was removed which might be due the improvement of the interfacial adhesion during the alkali treatment process.
A Proposed Methodological Considerations for Sustainable Chemical Process Design
Authors: Halim Norfazilah Abdul , Kasim Nor Zalina , Radzi Aliff Radzuan Mohamad , Turan Faiz
Published: December 2022

Chemical manufacture is a significant value-added industry in both local and global economies. Along with highly relevant issues such as unsustainable process design, energy consumption, and waste generation linked with the sector, societal issues relating to chemical product health and safety are part of the greater sustainability concerns. There is a need to design a sustainable strategy while ensuring economic stability at the corporate level. Hence, this paper presents a methodological proposal of integrated modelling approach for sustainable chemical process design at early design process. The step of achieving this objective is separated into several parts. The first step is to classify parameters from established tools as a benchmark for sustainability metrics. The next step is to transform quantification value of triple bottom line impact (economic, environment and social) to normalized weightage by using Multi Criteria Analysis. The final stage is to develop alternative in terms of technical optimization of process design. The implementation multimodal Multi Criteria Analysis and optimized process design exhibits significant improvements in sustainability impacts according to the waste reduction (WAR) algorithm.
Computational and Experimental Simulation of Pollutant Transport through Multiple Porous Media
Authors: Alnsrawy Najeeb Fadhil , Muhsun Sadiq S.
Published: December 2022

The huge industrial development that has taken place in recent decades and what it poses of large amounts of pollutants to the soil and the natural processes that occur in the migration of some pollutants such as oil and others in the soil have become one of the biggest pollution problems and thus the problem of obtaining information to find solutions has become more complex. This research was carried out to develop a CFD simulation model for simulating the transmission of contaminants via soil's multi-porous medium Consisting of four real porous media were used from Iraqi soil, representing the sand, sandy gravel, organic, and calcareous soil. To explore the process of transferring pollutants inside the porous medium, a physical model and simulation model were built and executed with the aid of CFD programs using COMSOL 5.4 software to investigate the transport of pollutants via porous material. Several categories of variables were studied and assumed to analyze the situation. The first group is interested in the media's physical qualities, such as the coefficient of adoption Kd while the hydraulic component of flow, such as velocity, was represented by the second group. To adopt the CFD simulated model in obtaining the required results, it is necessary to check the results of the CFD simulated model with its counterparts obtained from the physical model that was prepared for this purpose. Therefore, according to numerous statistical indicators, the results of the laboratory work supplied by the physical model and those of the CFD model were in excellent accord. This suggests that CFD models might be a useful tool for simulating the complicated challenges of contaminant transport across porous media. It is also considered a tool with effort, time, and low cost. So, based on the CFD models, the results revealed that the coefficient of adsorption (Kd) action has a noticeable influence on soil physical characteristics. While the results confirmed that the effect of the speed coefficient was small compared with the effect of(kd).
Prediction of Concrete Peak Load and Compressive Failure Strength Using Machine Learning
Authors: Sadat Tarik
Published: December 2022

Peak load and compressive failure strength are influent parameters regarding the mechanical properties of concretes. Experiments such as compression tests are usually performed to extract relevant values. It is well known that experimental measurements are relatively costly and energy-consuming. Therefore, it is useful to identify and apply a model prediction from available data. In this work, the influence of the initial size of cylindrical normal-weight concrete considering three different mixtures is presented. Peak loads and associated compressive failure strength of multiple sizes concretes are predicted using machine learning. Decision tree (DT) and random forest (RF) regressors are presented in this work. A comparison between the models is made. The results of the models are found to be consistent with the experimental ones on peak loads (a coefficient of determination of 0.98 is obtained with the DT algorithm and 0.99 with the RF one) and should be improved with respect to the compressive failure strength (a coefficient of determination of 0.77 is obtained).
Potentiality of Pressmud as an Additional Material in Soil Amendments to Enhance Soil Fertility and Strength Ability
Authors: Mohamad Maheera , Osman Nor Hasni , Abdul Rahim Mohd Kamarul Irwan , Abustan Ismail , Mohd Arif Zainol Mohd Remy Rozainy , Samuding Kamarudin , Zakaria Siti Nor Farhana , Abu Falah
Published: December 2022

In Malaysia, there are some accumulation of sugar refinery byproducts with a lot of this material not being utilized in a productive manner, while, these byproducts had the great potential when mixed into agricultural soils as organic fertilizer with many of benefits that can improve soil health, and sustainable agronomic productivity. Pressmud or known as filter cake is a by-product of sugar industry and for every 100 tons of sugarcane crushed about 3 tons of pressmud cake is left behind as by-product. This studies carried out on this material have not properly summarized their characteristics properties that they can be used as aid for future works. Data from tests involving pressmud samples from Malayan Sugar Manufacturing (MSM) Prai Berhad, Penang which was part of a larger collection was analyzed. The physicochemical properties of pressmud characterization as well as leaching test were carried out. The physicochemical and engineering properties involved compaction behavior, permeability, cation exchange capacity (CEC), compressive stress test and its surface functional groups. The leaching test method included batch equilibrium test and column test. The optimum value of water content in pressmud was determined in the compaction test. It was found out that pressmud has higher optimum water content value was observed. The permeability test of pressmud gave value in ranges of 1.84 x 10-5 cm/s. The Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) of pressmud indicated value in the range of 99 to 101 meq/100 g. The high cation exchange capacity indicated that pressmud was believed to be primarily responsible for sorption of metal ions. It can be concluded that pressmud having the capability to remove heavy metals through CEC process. Pressmud also showed higher compressive strength value. Batch equilibrium test glaringly showed that pressmud have the capability to remove from 53.6%-93.8% metal removed from metal solutions for Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Nickle (Ni), Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn). From the result of column test, pressmud alone was able to retain efficiently all the heavy metals as these metals did not reach 1 (relative concentration) until 10 pore volume (PV.) indicating that pressmud was a good mixture material as it can assist in adsorption of heavy metals. Based on the characterization study, removal efficiency and column test, pressmud has great potentiality to be used as an additional material in soil amendments to enhance soil fertility and strength ability.
Large Size Few-Layer Ambipolar MoS2 Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors by Nitrogen Plasma Doping
Authors: Wang Wen Zhao , Liu Yu Qian , Zeng Xiang Bin
Published: December 2022

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), a typical two-dimensional layered semiconductor material, is widely studied due its excellent electronic properties in atomic scale. In this study, we achieved the growth of large size few-layer MoS2 films by using molybdenum boat with vertical shield at the end to carry MoO3 precursor in the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system. The optical microscopy reveals the morphology and lateral size of as-grown films. The Raman spectrum testified that the synthesized films are few-layer MoS2 with defects. Metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) based on CVD-grown MoS2 are fabricated, presenting n-type transportation with ION/IOFF ratio about 103. The transportation behaviour of MoS2 MOSFETs is changed from n-type to ambipolar by introducing nitrogen plasma into MoS2 films. The electron or hole transportation in MoS2 is controlled by gate-source voltage. The ambipolar MOSFETs show ION/IOFF ratio about 103.
Effect of Co on Microstructure and Properties of Al-30%Si Alloys
Authors: Li Xiao Song , Zhong Wu Yong , Liao Rui
Published: December 2022

In this paper, the effects of different Co contents on the microstructure and properties of Al-30% Si alloy were studied by means of metallographic microscope, microhardness tester, XRD, conductivity tester and DSC thermal analyzer. The results show that cobalt can effectively improve the microstructure of the alloy, the long needle eutectic silicon becomes short rod, and the coarse irregular block primary silicon particles become smaller. When 0.3% cobalt is added into the alloy, the refining effect of eutectic silicon is the most obvious. When the amount of Co is 0.6%, the refinement effect of primary silicon is the best. The addition of Co can improve the hardness of the alloy. When 0.6 ~ 0.9% cobalt is added, the hardness is the highest. With the increase of Co content, the conductivity and transformation latent heat of the alloy show the same change law. When 0.6% cobalt is added, its value is the maximum. It can be seen that when the Co content is 0.6%, the microstructure and comprehensive properties of the alloy are the best.
Experimental Study on Materials and Mechanical Properties of Steel Tube-Confined Coral Concrete Reinforcement Mechanism
Authors: Huang Jing , Shan Wen Xuan , Gao Yi
Published: December 2022

Filling steel tubes with coral concrete to form concrete filled steel tube composite structures for compression members can compensate for its low aggregate strength. In order to demonstrate the reinforcement mechanism of coral concrete hoop under steel tube restraint and to propose the strength theory under the hoop effect, it is necessary to obtain the theoretical analysis based on the theory of triaxial compressive bearing theory of normal concrete. Therefore, starting from the failure mechanism of coral concrete under triaxial compression, the hoop reinforcement mechanism of coral concrete under different lateral pressure conditions is studied analytically. By the axial compression bearing capacity comparative test between normal concrete and coral concrete under steel tube restraint, comparative relationship between lateral pressure and circumferential strain is calculated and the conditions for taking values are acquired, which lays the foundation for the calculation theory of the compressive bearing capacity of it.
Optimization Fungal Leaching of Cobalt and Lithium from Spent Li-Ion Batteries Using Waste Spices Candlenut
Authors: Hariyadi Asful , Masago Afryanti Restia , Febrianur Rabbani , Rahmawati Dian
Published: December 2022

Lithium-ion battery (LIB) applications in consumer electronics nowdays are rapidly growing resulting the increase of batteries solid waste containing toxic and corrosive substances for the environment. On the other hand, the main active cathode components in LIB are Lithium and Cobalt, which are hazardous and limited in nature but are valuable metals. This study aims to use bio-hydrometallurgical techniques to recover heavy metals from LIB using microorganisms to avoid toxic waste from used solvents which are usually generated in conventional chemical leaching. Filamentous fungi have an important role in secreting citric acid and several organic acids to facilitate the dissolution of metal ions from the metal solids. Self-grown fungi, Aspergillus niger isolated from waste spices (Candlenut) was used as a leaching agent. Route based on fungal activity was evaluated to optimized the detoxification and metal recovery from spent LIB in various conditions (one-step, two-step and spent medium bioleaching) in 21 days of incubation. The quantitative result of XRF and EDX analysis of battery powder before and after bioleaching confirm that fungal activities are quite effective. The maximum recovery of both metals (Cobalt and Lithium) in leached liquor reached up to 72% analyzed using ICP-OES with the one-step leaching method. With respect due to the high metal recovery, fungal leaching has proven to be an easy and cost-effective green metallurgical method for recycling heavy metals in used LIBs.
Effect of B2O3 Content on Structure and Properties in High Refractive Index BaO-ZnO-TiO2-SiO2 Glass System
Authors: Ji Ping , Wu Si , Fan Wen Dong , Pan Qing Feng
Published: December 2022

In this paper, BaO-ZnO-TiO2-SiO2 is used as the research system of high refractive index glass, and IR, XRD and DTA are used to study the structure, thermal behavior, crystallization and chemical stability of different glasses when B2O3 gradually replaces SiO2. The results show that when B2O3 replaces SiO2, glass still has an amorphous structure, and the density of glass shows a decreasing trend with the increase of B2O3 content. With the increase of B2O3 content, the boron-oxygen tetrahedron gradually transforms into the boron-oxygen triangle, which makes the overall crystallization of the glass structure weaken. The results show that the density, refractive index and water resistance of glass beads without B2O3 are the best. With the increase of B2O3 content, the activation energy of crystallization decreases, the potential barrier to be overcome for crystallization decreases, as the same time the phenomenon of glass crystallization is obvious. Keywords:High refractive index glass; BaO-ZnO-TiO2-SiO2; Crystallization; Chemical stability
Study on the Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Hydrophobicity Transfer of Superhydrophobic Coating
Authors: Ren Shuai , Lv Xiao Hua , Liu Guo Feng , Zhang Xiao Yuan
Published: December 2022

Insulators covered with superhydrophobic coatings have better anti-pollution flashover performance. In high-pollution areas, the superhydrophobic coating gets covered with a contamination layer. The droplets are in contact with the contamination layer instead of the superhydrophobic coating. However, there is still a lack of relevant research on the hydrophobicity of the contamination layer. It is not conducive to evaluating the functional performance of superhydrophobic insulators in high-pollution areas. Choose diatomite to simulate contamination. The effects of fouling time, environment temperature, diatomite density, and impurity (NaCl) on the hydrophobicity of the contamination layer are analyzed experimentally. The experiment results show that the diatomite layer becomes hydrophobic over time. The higher the temperature is, the faster the hydrophobicity of the contamination layer will increase, and the higher the peak value of the static contact angle will be. However, the diatomite density and the exitance of NaCl have little influence on the hydrophobicity of the diatomite layer. Furtherly, the composition of the superhydrophobic coating is found in the diatomite layer, which proves the existence of hydrophobicity transfer. According to theoretical analysis, the appearance of transfer will enhance the hydrophobicity of diatomite particles. When the angular coordinate of the liquid-protrusions-gas triple line is greater than 90°, the mechanical conditions for the diatomite particles carried away by the droplet can be satisfied. As a result, hydrophobic diatomite is attached to the droplets’ surface.
Characterization of Heater-Cooler Blocks Fabricated from Aluminium Wastes for Steady-State Thermal Application
Authors: Festus Ben , Ewetumo Theophilus , Oluyamo Sunday , Olubambi Peter
Published: December 2022

Recycling of aluminium (Al) from waste aluminium scraps for fabricating aluminium casts is a waste management technique suitable for reducing environmental pollution. The aluminium casts can be further processed into different materials of engineering interests such as heater-cooler (thermal) blocks. In this study, the microstructural characterization of aluminium cast fabricated from recycled aluminium waste and adapted for use via the (steady-state technique) as heater-cooler blocks required in the determination of the thermal conductivity of conducting solid composites was investigated. The characterization was investigated using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Displacer Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF). The XRD result confirms the crystalline structure of aluminium on the fabricated aluminium cast. The elemental composition results confirmed that the fabricated cast contains 90% Al, with Silicon (Si) accounting for about 8% of the chemical composition while the remaining 2% was contributed by C, O, Fe, Zn, and Cu. The compositional change observed during characterization was attributed to the recycling process used in fabricating the aluminium cast.
Historical development of trinitarian doctrine in Roman Catholicism
Authors: Iheanacho Valentine U.
Published: December 2022

The Trinity both as a Christian concept and doctrine is a complex whole or better still a “mystery.” Even the great bishop of Hippo, St Augustine at the end of his monumental opus, De Trinitate, prayed God the Trinity to pardon him if he had written anything that was untrue about the Trinity. The Catholic Church, to say the least, is a trinitarian church in the sense that the belief in the Trinity is one of the cornerstones of its constitution and belief system. The church baptises and receives people with the Trinitarian formula. It begins and ends prayers in ‘the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit’. Catholic Theological discourse accepts as given, the existence of Three Persons in One God, and only afterwards, proceeds to investigate and elaborate upon the ‘how’ of the Trinity. This article takes a historical excursus into the historical evolution of Catholic trinitarian thought. It will argue that while there is a diversity of theological opinions on the subject, there remains in the final analysis, a unanimity in the belief that the Christian understanding and experience of God are unreservedly and indisputably trinitarian.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: The article draws insights from a wide range of related areas of theological disciplines like patristics, church history, systematic theology and ecumenism. As a study that cuts across theological and historical boundaries, its content and conclusion are couched within the context of multiple theological and ecclesiastical disciplines. By means of an interdisciplinary perspective as applied to a complex subject such as the Trinity herein, a broader perspective is obtained about this core Christian belief and notion of God who is One in substance and Three in persons. This is most notably by locating trinitarian discourse within the liturgical and theological traditions of the Western and Eastern churches.