bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Pilates and Conventional Treatment Methods in The Management of Stress Urinary Incontinence Among Women
Authors: Kirthika.S Veena , M Swetha. , Sudhakar Selvaraj , Arunselvi J. , V Saravanan. , Rajalakshmi G. , T Bharaneedharan.
Published: November 2023

Stress Urinary Incontinence is a common condition among women that requires attention. The main aim of thisstudy was to compare the effects of Pilates and conventional treatment methods in managing stress urinary incontinence amongwomen. This study is an experimental design, comparative pre-post-test type. 30 female subjects with stress urinaryincontinence were randomly divided into groups, Group A and Group B, with 15 subjects in each group. Group A receivedPilates exercises, and Group B subjects received conventional Kegel's exercises. The study duration was 12 weeks. The pad test,cough stress test, and International Consultation on Incontinence (ICIQ) Questionnaire were outcome measures. The results ofthis study revealed that on comparing the Mean values of Group A & Group B on the International Consultation onIncontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ) and Pad test, Group A (Pilates Exercise) showed 4.46 and 4.93 post-test values which weremore effective than Group B (Conventional kegel's Exercise) at 8.60 and 9.46 at P ≤ 0.001. The Pilates group experienced ahighly significant improvement on the cough stress test compared to the conventional group at P< 0. 001.Pilates exercises wereproven highly effective in managing stress urinary incontinence among women. This study is one of its kind, which demonstratedthe effect of Pilates and its clinical usage for the effective management of Stress Urinary Incontinence.
Decarbonising Energy in Europe: CSEI Report 2019 – 2023
Authors:   Copenhagen Business School, Ostrowicz Philipp A. , Lüth Alexandra ,   Copenhagen Business School
Published: November 2023

Since its creation in 2019, the Copenhagen School of Energy Infrastructure (CSEI) has evolved as a major voice within research in energy economics and European policy debate in the framework of a fully decarbonised energy infrastructure in Europe. This report accounts for the activities and achievements of the European Research Centre at the Department of Economics at Copenhagen Business School (CBS).
Responds of Hydraulic Fracture Propagation to Natural Fractures in Hard Copper Orebody based on Cohesive Finite Element Method
Authors: Wang Weicheng , Huang Mingqing , Huang Min
Published: November 2023

Hydraulic fracturing is a key preconditioning approach in block caving
mining of hard-rock metal mines. The existence of natural fractures in
orebody tend to result in an uncontrolled spatial propagation morphology
of hydraulic fracturing. To understand the hydraulic fracturing
propagation law within copper orebody with natural fractures, a finite
element numerical model embedded with pore pressure cohesive elements
was established using ABAQUS, and hydraulic fracturing behaviors was
simulated under variable natural fracture lengths and density
conditions. Results show that the length and density of natural
fractures lead to a positive effect on the propagation morphology and
propagation law of fractures. The natural fracture length has an
exponent relation to the propagation radius of artificial fractures,
while the density of natural fractures shows a linear relation with the
propagation radius of hydraulic fractures. Regarding low in-situ stress
difference, with the increase of natural fracture density, or with the
increase of natural fracture length, the propagation radius of hydraulic
fracture is larger. However, in terms of sparse density or short length
of natural fractures, natural fractures will be expanded and branch
fractures will appear. The numerical simulated hydraulic fracture
propagation responds to natural fractures in hard rock mass is
beneficial to oriented hydraulic fracture design.
Prognostic value of cardiac deceleration capacity in patients with atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Maimaitijiang Pakezhati , Lai Zihao , Chen Aiyue , Zheng Lihui
Published: November 2023

Background: Cather ablation (CA) is a well-recognized treatment
alternative for atrial fibrillation (AF) patients despite more than 20%
ablation-treated patients suffering from AF recurrence. The underlying
mechanism of AF recurrence post-ablation is probably associated with
high cardiac parasympathetic activity, which can be assessed with
deceleration capacity (DC) of heart rate. Given that the relationship
between DC and AF recurrence is still controversial, this systematic
review and meta-analysis was performed to investigate the
characteristics of DC in patients with and without AF recurrence,
evaluating the prognostic value of DC in AF patients after CA.
Methods: A literature search was systematically performed in
the Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge
Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang databases until October 01, 2023. The
observational studies reporting either the pre- and post-ablation DC in
both recurrence and non-recurrence groups or the ratios based on DC for
predicting AF recurrence were mainly included. Weighted mean differences
(WMD) or odds ratios (OR) based on DC would be calculated with a
random-effect model, if heterogeneity estimated with the I index and Q statistic was significant ( I > 50% or P < .05);
otherwise, a fixed-effect model would be utilized. Results: A
total of 8 observational studies involving 914 AF patients treated with
radiofrequency or cryoballoon ablation were included in this study.
Ablation-treated patients with AF recurrence had the higher DC
post-ablation in relation to those without recurrence (WMD, 1.00;
95%CI, 0.33 to 1.67; P < .01), which was present up to
3 months of follow-up (WMD, 1.54; 95%CI, 1.11 to 1.96; P
< .01), whereas there was no statistical significance in DC
prior to ablation between recurrence and non-recurrence groups (WMD,
0.34; 95%CI, -0.12 to 0.79; P = .15). The high DC post-ablation
was a risk factor for AF recurrence in ablation-treated patients (OR,
2.17; 95%CI, 1.44 to 3.25; P < .01).
Conclusion: The high DC post-ablation was associated with the
risk of AF recurrence, suggesting that DC may act as a prognostic
indicator in AF patients treated with CA. Keywords:
Deceleration capacity; Atrial fibrillation; Catheter ablation;
Recurrence; Meta-analysis; Systematic review.
Possible repurposing of pyrvinium for the treatment of pre-eclampsia
Authors: Newington Joshua
Published: November 2023

The search for effective drugs to treat pre-eclampsia remains ongoing,
yet developing new treatments for obstetric conditions poses significant
challenges. Drug repurposing emerges as a viable alternative to these
challenges. Notably, metformin, a complex I inhibitor, has recently
demonstrated potential in addressing pre-eclampsia. Through a
comprehensive literature review, pyrvinium was identified as the sole
complex I inhibitor deemed safe during pregnancy that has yet to be
explored for pre-eclampsia treatment. This paper presents a compelling
case for conducting mechanistic and efficacy studies on pyrvinium,
leveraging its robust pharmacological attributes and proven safety
record.
Genome to phenome: tools to hit the target in soybean (Glycine max) and maize (Zea mays) testing
Authors: Morgan Pat , Rinehart Jennifer , Bhatta Madhav , Chen Yurong , Dietrich Charles
Published: November 2023

With increasing demands for sustainable food production, expediting
innovation within the development of agricultural products is paramount
for Bayer and similar companies. We used a novel gene-editing protocol
that generates numerous events to increase our gene-editing capacity.
TREDMIL was used create 800 distinct edits in soybeans at three Dt1 gRNA
targets in over 1500 events sites distributed across 100 soy lines. With
the ability to produce great numbers of edit events, our phenotypic
testing had to evolve to keep pace. Using a hypothesis-based approach,
we have refined phenotypic testing to measure relevant plant traits that
impact yield. Our in-field phenotyping of the target set of plant traits
feeds a machine learning model that adjusts small plot yield. Testing in
both corn and soy has demonstrated small plots are predictive of
large-scale yield testing (84% agreement) and that modeling with
additional traits improved the predictive capacity to 93%.
Growth, yield and variance components of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) grown on lime (CaCo3)-amended acidic soil of south-eastern Nigeria
Authors: Obok Ekemini , Ekpiken Francis , Akpan Joyce , Nwagwu Francis , Ittah Macauley , Uwah Donatus
Published: November 2023

A field experiment was conducted to assess the growth and yield of watermelon
Citrullus lanatus [(Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] under acidic soil conditions in
Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. The experiment was a 3 ? 3 factorial
experiment laid in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three
replications. The factors studied were varieties (Heracles F1, Kaolack and
Sugar Baby), lime rates (0 t ha-1, 2.7 t ha-1 and 5.7 t ha-1), and their
interactions on watermelon growth and yield traits. Heracles F1 and Kaolack
outperformed Sugar Baby (p ? 0.05) regarding growth and yield traits. Lime
rates of 2.7 t ha-1 and 5.7 t ha-1 increased the initial soil pH range
(4.6-4.9) by 21.74% (5.4-5.8) and 43.48% (6.4-6.7), respectively. These
rates improved the soil pH to a range suitable for watermelon cultivation in
the study area. Vine length, number of leaves, transverse and longitudinal
sections of the fruits and sugar content of the fruits had ? 50%
heritability, a useful index in the selection of choice growth and yield
traits in watermelon. Overall, GAM was greater than GA for each of the
traits except for the total number of seeds per fruit. Multi-location
studies are recommended to give further insights to this pilot study.
Numerical analysis for the impacts of using nano-enhanced PCM on the thermal management of battery module
Authors: Selimefendigil Fatih , Cakmak Fethi , Oztop Hakan
Published: November 2023

The temperature and temperature differences in the battery module rise as a result of the high heat output produced by lithium-ion batteries during operation. This can reduce the operating safety of the battery and reduce the battery life. As a result, the temperature of the batteries must be controlled well by thermal management. Thermal control of batteries employs both active and passive techniques. In this study, PCM, which is a passive cooling system, was used. It has been observed that by placing PCM around the battery, it effectively reduces the peak temperature during the end of discharge in the battery cell. The RT-27 and nano-doped RT-27 with suitable melting range were used as PCM. Four different situations were investigated at 0.3C and 0.5C discharge conditions. These are battery models coated with only the battery, RT-27, coated with nano-RT-27, and coated with RT- 27 and nano-RT-27, respectively. The peak temperature was found to be higher when the battery module without PCM was compared to the others. The battery module coated on both surfaces with RT-27 and nano-RT-27 performed better than the other modules. At 0.3 C-Rate, the peak temperature reduces by 1.8 K while it is 4.4 K at 0.5C-Rate.
Effect of green technology investment on crude oil inventory system - a case study based on ONGC data
Authors: Sen Abhibasu , Dutta Choudhury Karabi , Datta Tapan
Published: November 2023

The carbon footprints are increasing in the environment at an alarming rate mainly due to unplanned human activities. The world?s population will continue to grow at a rapid pace in the future. As a result, our future generations may find it difficult to live on this planet in a healthy manner. The world?s developed and developing countries began to investigate various methods for reducing their carbon footprint. However, it will not be sustainable if it is also not economically viable. In this scenario, maintaining a good profit for businesses while reducing their carbon footprint necessitates a pragmatic strategy. In this article, we will try to find a way out that will provide us with a practical solution. We will simulate the profitability of an upstream oil manufacturer that has invested heavily in green technologies. Under a carbon tax system, we will use the production-inventory model. This system assumes that capital investment in green technology can reduce emissions, and increase profits. We used data from the Oil and Natural Gas Corporation of India, available in its annual reports. As a matter of fact, the Oil and Natural Gas Corporation of India accounts for 70% of crude oil production in India and is a major player in India?s upstream oil companies. The results were quite encouraging, with deviations between expected and actual values being less than 10%. The findings also led us to believe that the excise duty and the pollution control tax levied in India can be regarded as a Green Tax or Carbon Tax. We used a published research model to find the optimal solution.
How Could Deportation become Illegal Deportation? (The Case of Deportation of Myanmar Nationals by Malaysia)
Authors: Susanto Fransiska A. , Majid Yasniar Rachmawati , Ikaningtyas  , Nursasmita M. Akbar
Published: November 2023

February 2022; Malaysia deported more than 1000 undocumented migrants from Myanmar back to Myanmar, even though a coup d’état had already occurred in Myanmar. This paper will explore the nexus between coup d’état and well-founded fear of persecution and assess the decision by Malaysia to deport Myanmar immigrants back to Myanmar with the nonrefoulement principle. This paper's findings showed a clear nexus between a coup d’état and well-founded fear of persecution to some extent; the nexus appears when the Coup creates uncertainty in citizen's live and people in a dangerous situation. Consequently, the deportation decision by Malaysia violated the non-refoulment principle, and the deportation became illegal. This paper utilized the normative method to analyze the research problem.
Evaluación del impacto en la salud: Impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en morbilidad en Navarra: Hospitalizaciones por infarto agudo de miocardio e ictus durante el periodo de estado de alarma por la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Moreno-Iribas Conchi , Delfrade Josu , Iniesta Irene , Ibáñez Estefanía , Legarra Pablo , Alcasena Marisol , Guevara Marcela
Published: November 2023

Fundamento. Valorar los cambios en las hospitalizaciones por ictus e infarto agudo de miocardio entre el período de alarma por la pandemia de COVID-19 y un período equivalente de los tres años previos en Navarra, España. Métodos. Estudio descriptivo con datos del Registro Poblacional de Infarto de Miocardio y del Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos (CMBD) de los hospitales. Resultados. Las hospitalizaciones por infarto de miocardio e ictus descendieron un 21% y 19%, respectivamente, durante el periodo de alarma. En los pacientes hospitalizados por infarto de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST se observó un aumento no estadísticamente significativo en la mediana (rango intercuartílico) de tiempo entre el inicio de los síntomas y la búsqueda de atención médica: 80 [30-300] minutos en 2017-2019 vs 98 [34-435] minutos durante el confinamiento. La proporción de pacientes con infarto con elevación del segmento ST en los que se realizó reperfusión primaria no mostró cambios estadísticamente significativos en el período de estado de alarma (79,7%) en comparación a los tres años previos (73,4%), ni tampoco el intervencionismo coronario percutáneo al alta (83,4 vs 80,1%). No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la mortalidad a los 30 días en los pacientes ingresados por ictus e infarto de miocardio respecto a los tres años previos. Conclusiones. Durante la primera onda COVID-19 en Navarra y las medidas que se siguieron para afrontar la emergencia sanitaria (declaración del estado de alarma) se observó un descenso importante en las hospitalizaciones por ictus e infarto de miocardio en comparación con los tres años previos. La mortalidad a los 30 días fue similar a la registrada previamente y tampoco se registraron cambios en la estrategia de reperfusión en el infarto de miocardio.
Emerging Challenges in Healthcare in Central Asia
Authors: Tulgaa Khosbayar
Published: November 2023

No abstract in English
Body Composition Characteristics and Anthropometric Measurements of Older Mongolian Adults
Authors: Byambasukh Oyuntugs , Buukuu Gerel , Chinbat Odgerel
Published: November 2023

Objectives: The purpose of our study is to examine characteristics of body composition and anthropometric measurements in older Mongolian adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 268 individuals aged 45 years and older who visited national hospitals over a period of one month. Body weight, BMI, waist circumference (WC) and other body circumferences, and body composition (body fat percentages, fat-free mass index, skeletal mass index) were measured and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score was used to test the physical performance. Results: The sample was composed of 73.7% women and 26.3% men, and the mean age was 58.1±8.9. All measurements were relatively higher than the normal range in older Mongolian adults. Obesity in women was relatively higher than men. 77.1% of all participants were obese according to BMI, 92.5% were obese according to body fat percentage, and 96.2% were centrally obese according to WC. Among people aged 45-64 years, prevalence of obesity increased and then decreased in ages 65-74 years. Age was significantly correlated with WC and the SPPB score was indirectly correlated with age (p<0.05). Conclusion: Obesity in older Mongolian adults is comparatively higher for women and tends to increase with age.>
Therapeutic Mode of Action of Methotrexate
Authors: Byamba Dashlkhumbe , Kim Do-Young , Soodoi Chimidtseren , Yadamsuren Enkhtur , Munkhbayar Ariunaa , Batbayar Nandintsetseg , Dashdondov Dashkhajidmaa , Batsaikhan Oyuntsatsral , Gunchin Batbaatar , Lee Min-Geol
Published: November 2023

Objectives: Methotrexate (MTX) has been used in clinical practice for over a half-century and its action mechanism is believed to rely on the direct inhibition of DNA synthesis leading to suppression of cell proliferation. However, its anti-inflammatory action mechanism is not fully explained. In some autoimmune or overactive immune-related diseases such as psoriasis, it has been demonstrated that interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17/lL-22 pathway plays a key role in disease pathogenesis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the suppressive action of MTX on the IL[1]23/1 L-17/1 L-22 pathway in psoriasis. Methods: We made a model of psoriasis on mice using imiquimod (IMQ). The mice were divided into three groups: disease-free control group and disease-induced groups with no treatment and MTX-treatment. Clinical, histological and immunological parameters were evaluated among the groups. Results: Treatment with MTX decreased the psoriatic skin changes and the histological alterations induced by IMQ. MTX exerted its treatment effects via inhibition of the main players in the pathogenetic axis, the IL-23, IL-17A, F and IL-22, that were found to be increased in the diseased mice. Regulatory T cells expressing CTLA4 or GITR or PD1 molecules on their surface were not related to these decrements. Conclusion: The therapeutic action mechanism of MTX is related to the direct inhibition of the IL-23/1 L-17/1 L-22 pathway, but not the induction of inhibitory molecules or expansion of regulatory T cells.
Determination of Filaggrin Gene Single Nucleotides Polymorphisms in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Narmandakh Zolmunkh , Tulgaa Khosbayar , Munkhbayar Ariunaa , Dungubat Erdenetsogt , Lkhamkhuu Algirmaa , Tumurbaatar Otgonjargal , Byamba Khandsuren , Sandag Tsogtsaikhan , Gunchin Batbaatar
Published: November 2023

Objectives: The protein, filaggrin, is important in barrier function and epidermal differentiation facilitation. Filaggrin gene (FLG) mutations have been identified as the cause of ichthyosis vulgaris (IV), and certain mutations have been associated with atopic dermatitis (AD). We aimed to investigate genetic polymorphism of FLG in Mongolian AD patients. Methods: FLG mutations were determined using sequence analysis in 46 AD patients and 12 IV patients. Severity of AD was assessed using the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index. Allergen specific IgE were determined from serum. Filaggrin expression in skin punch biopsy samples of AD patients was investigated using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results: Several single nucleotides polymorphisms (SNPs) (1150C>T, 1741A>T, 1791C>T, 2181C>G, 2191A>G, and 2263G>A) were demonstrated in AD patients using sequence analysis. Total IgE levels were significantly associated with age (p=0.03) and duration of disease (p=0.02). Presence of SNPs and mixed allergen specific IgE was significantly correlated (p=0.02); 2 SNPs were significantly associated with food allergen specific IgE levels (p=0.009). 2263G>A SNP was significantly correlated with food allergen specific IgE (p=0.003) and a history of atopic diseases (p=0.03). Conclusion: New mutations or genetic polymorphisms with ethnic characteristics may be detected among Mongolians.
Holmium Laser Enucleation Versus Transurethral Resection in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Suo Liu , Sonomjamts Munkhbayarlakh , Orgoi Sergelen , Avirmed Shiirevnyamba
Published: November 2023

Objectives: To evaluate efficacy and safety of the holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) compared to transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Methods: A total of 62 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were included in the study. 42 patients in the TURP group and 18 in the HoLEP group were surgically operated. Preoperative assessments included; international prostate symptom score (IPSS), urinary peak flow rate, prostate volume and serum PSA. Perioperative parameters included; operating time, catheterization time, bladder irrigation, resected tissue weight, perioperative complications, blood transfusion and duration of hospital stays. Results: HoLEP had a statistically longer operating time (p<0.008) with fewer perioperative complications (p<0.0001) and shorter irrigation time (p=0.0001) than TURP. Moreover, significantly more prostatic tissue was removed by HoLEP (p<0.0001) than TURP. There were no statistical differences in catheterization time, blood transfusion and duration of hospital stay days. Conclusion: HoLEP is a safe and effective procedure for surgical treatment of prostatic benign hyperplasia.
Performance of Ovarian Response Prediction Index As Predictor of Ovarian Response
Authors: Dagvadorj Bolormaa , Erdenebileg Nasantogtokh , Davaasuren Enkhmaa , Shirchinjav Altantuya , Jamsranjav Enkhtsetseg , Dagvadorj Otgontsetseg
Published: November 2023

Objective: We aimed to evaluate potential predictors of response to controlled ovarian stimulation (COS), including follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Estradiol, antral follicle count (AFC), and ovarian response prediction index (ORPI). Methods: In this prospective, single center study, we recruited 55 infertile women underwent the first cycle of in vitro fertilization/ intracytoplasmic injection/intrauterine insemination (IVF/ICSI/IUI). We measured serum FSH and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) level by ELISA and evaluated AFC. In accordance with formula, AMH x AFC / patient's age, ORPI was calculated. Results: The study participants are aged between 25 to 48 in infertility women. The mean age of the participants are 34.5 ± 5.5. The hormonal predictors, as well as ovarian response, are presented in Table 2. Predict ovarian hypo response by E2 and ORPI. Multivariable models improved the predictive accuracy for hypo-response (AUC > 0.6). With regard to the hyper-response, ORPI, E2 and AFC showed good predictors. In the multivariable model, the ORPI, E2 and AFC presented the best predictive accuracy, with an AUC 0.81, a sensitivity of 87 %, and a specificity of 67 %. Conclusion: ORPIndex is predicting the hyper-response more accurately than the ovarian hypo- response in infertility women. Participant’s ovarian reserve biomarkers (AFC and E level) was significantly increased predictive accuracy.
Body Structure and Operation Features of Mongolian High Ranked Male Athletes
Authors: Shagdar Bat-Erdene , Galsan-Yondon Sukhbat , Sundui Enebish , Amgalanbaatar Gurbadam
Published: November 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine the level of morphological and functional indicators depending on sports specializations among high-ranked Mongolian male athletes. Methods: Our study involved 218 athletes aged 18 - 34 in six sports and measured body composition by anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance. Physical performance was assessed by Harvard test, spirometry and physical fitness testing. Results: Sports specializations affect the indicators of physical development and body composition of athletes, which revealed significant differences between them. Martial arts athletes are stronger, more flexible, and more balanced than in team sports. As the ranks increase, body composition and performance get better. According to the Harvard test, 89.2 % (99) of team sports athletes and 98.2 % (55) of martial arts athletes received good and excellent marks. By the spirometry test, team sports groups have higher lung function results. Conclusion: Mongolian high-ranked male athletes have different body compositions in different sports types and it can create a profile of athletes within specific sports. Many years of training can improve the athlete’s performance. The cardiovascular function of athletes involved in martial arts quickly returns to normal after training. In team sports group, lung function is more adapted during a long period of training.
Efficacy and Safety of Radiofrequency Ablation Versus Surgery for Thyroid Nodules
Authors: Setevdorj Otgonbayar , Munkhjargal Bayarmagnai , Tsedenish Ishdorj , Mukhtar Yerkyebulan , Nanjid Khuderchuluun , Orgoi Sergelen
Published: November 2023

Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency (RF) ablation versus surgery for benign thyroid nodules for 24 months period. Methods: From January 2019 to January 2021, 200 patients with nodular goiters who underwent surgery (group A) and 183 patients treated by radiofrequency ablation (group B) were enrolled in this study. Inclusion criteria were the following: 1) cosmetic problem, 2) nodule-related symptoms, 3) refusal of surgery (for group B). An internally cooled radiofrequency ablation system and an 18 g internally cooled electrode were used. We compared the 2 groups in terms of efficacy, and safety during a 2-year follow-up. Results: Nodule type did not differ between groups, although in total 60.1 % were solid, 31.3 % were mixed, and 8.6 % were cystic. However, the number of nodules, median volume before surgery, and diameter of the nodule differed significantly. The median volume reduction was 34.6 % at 1 month, 56.1 % at 3 months, 70.6 % at 6 months, 73.9 % at 12 months, and 74.9 % at 24 months. Any volume reduction between follow-up intervals was statistically significant (p < 0.000). The most patients had no complications. However, surgical patients were more likely to have complications such as bleeding, hoarseness, and infection (14.5 %) than the RFA group (1.6 %). Conclusion: Surgical resection and radiofrequency ablation are both effective treatments of nodular goiter. Compared with surgery, the advantages of radiofrequency ablation include fewer complications, preservation of thyroid function, and fewer hospitalization days. Therefore, radiofrequency ablation should be considered a first-line treatment for benign thyroid nodules.
Predictors of the Pedicle Screw Misplacement in Patients with Thoracolumbar Fracture
Authors: Borkhuu Battugs , Batochir Batsaikhan , Enkhbaatar Ankhbayar , Lkhagvajav Bat-Erdene , Jadamba Oyuntugs , Tsevegmid Erdembileg , Lkhagvasuren Naranbat
Published: November 2023

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of the misplacement of the pedicle screw in patients with thoracolumbar spine fracture. Methods: Patients who underwent posterior stabilization procedure due to thoracolumbar spine fracture were included. Association between potential risk factors and the misplacement of the pedicle screw were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 88 consecutive patients with thoracolumbar spine fracture who underwent posterior stabilization surgery using pedicle screws and rods (mean age 43 ± 14, male 52.3 %). On post-operation CT evaluation, 98 (14.8 %) pedicle screws were misplaced (34 thoracic screws and 64 lumbar screws) and the prevalence of the misplaced pedicle screw was not significantly different between thoracic and lumbar screws (13.2 % vs. 15.8 %, p = 0.347). Among risk factors including location of spine fracture, multiple spine fracture and location of screws, the AO classification of spine fracture was significantly associated with the misplacement of the pedicle screw (OR = 1.27, 95 % CI 1.06 - 1.53, p = 0.011). Conclusion: High grade spine fracture, as assessed by the AO classification, was significantly associated with pedicle screw misplacement in patients with thoracolumbar spine fracture.
Gastric Cancer in Mongolia is Associated with the Highest Mortality Rate in the World
Authors: Khurelbaatar Tsevelnorov
Published: November 2023

No abstract in English
Basic & Clinical Pharmacology
Authors: Dorjsuren Narantungalag
Published: November 2023

No abstract in English
Risk Assessment of Gastric Cancer and Precancerous Condition Using Serum Pepsinogen and H. Pylori Antibody Test
Authors: Dondov Ganchimeg , Nyamaa Bayarmaa , Badamjav Tegshjargal , Batsaikhan Batbold , Purevdorj Erkhembulgan , Amarbayasgalan Dashmaa , Munkhjargal Chinzorig , Enkhbat Erkhembayar , Lkhagvasuren Sodnomtsogt , Lonjid Tulgaa
Published: November 2023

Objectives: We aimed to determine serum PGs (serum pepsinogens) and H. Pylori IgG in atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer patients and evaluate the gastric cancer risk.Method: We enrolled 40 gastric cancer patients, 40 chronic atrophic gastritis patients and 40 healthy control subjects. Serum PGI, PGII, and H. pylori IgG levels were measured by ELISA. The PGI to PGII ratio was calculated.Results: The mean age of the subjects was 60±10.9 years, We found that 52.6% (n=60) were male. H. Pylori IgG was positive in 67 subjects. The serum PGI and PGR levels were significantly decreased in gastric cancer and atrophic gastritis groups compared to the healthy control. According to classification ABC (D), group D had higher proportion of atrophic gastritis cases, group C had higher proportion of gastric cancer cases than others. Additionally, we evaluated all subjects by giving one point to each of the age ≤40, positive family history of gastric cancer, positive previous gastric disease history, PGI ≤75.07 ng/ml, PGR ≤6.25, or two point to each of PGI ≤35.25 ng/ml, and PGR ≤5.27, with score ranging between 0-7. As score increased, the risk of atrophic gastritis or gastric cancer increased.Conclusion: A combination of methods involving PGs and other risk factors may predict the probability of gastric cancer and could identify individuals who may need upper endoscopy.
Evaluating Smoking Cessation Counseling Bundle Behavioral Intervention for Mongolian Adults Who Use Nicotine Patches
Authors: Davaanyam Munkh-Uchral , Singh Pramil , Mukhtar Yerkyebulan , Ganbat Mandukhai , Gombodorj Nadmidtseren , Chimedtseren Azzaya , Myagmarjav Sugarmaa , Tumur-Ochir Gantsetseg , Sukhbaatar Khandmaa , Dambadarjaa Davaalkham
Published: November 2023

Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a behavioral intervention based on the World Health Organization (WHO) 5A and 5R guidelines in Mongolia who use the Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) patch. The study aims to assess the impact of the intervention on smoking cessation rate. The finding of this study will contribute to the existing literature on smoking cessation interventions and provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of a behavioral approach in a Mongolian population. Methods: In the intervention study, out of total of 806 people interested in the part of this study. The study team excluded their eligibility criteria of the study participant. A sample of 625 people who fulfilled study inclusion criteria received advice about the negative consequences of tobacco. After that, 479 people decided to quit smoking and 41 people were excluded due to health contraindications, and the final sample 454 people began nicotine replacement therapy to quit smoking. Participants in the treatment group received nicotine replacement patches for 28 days, while those in the counseling group received four sessions of behavioral change counseling (5A, 5R). Results: 454 were found to be eligible to take part in the study and were subsequently assigned to one of two groups, with 230 and 224 participants assigned to each group, respectively. In the second month of follow-up, 90 (39.1%) of participants who received NRT patches quit smoking. The group that received NRT + Behavioral intervention was 1.02 times as successful, or 0.7% more effective, than the group that did not receive behavioral intervention (P=0.872). Conclusion: WHO 5A, 5R brief counselling were more effective than group without behavioral intervention for smoking cessation, but difference was insignificant.
Principles of Research Methodology A Guide for Clinical Investigators
Authors: Selenge Baasansuren , Tsagaankhuu Sarnai , Boldbaatar Damdindorj
Published: November 2023

No abstract in English
Косвенное свидетельство нереалистичности 2к-реконструкции глобальной температуры воздуха за последние 2000 лет
Authors: Вакуленко Надежда , Даценко Нина , Сонечкин Дмитрий
Published: November 2023

Цель. Оценивается временной энергетический спектр недавно опубликованной группой PAGES 2к 2000-летней реконструкции средней глобальной приземной температуры воздуха.

Методы и результаты. Для получения устойчивой оценки энергетического спектра 2k-реконструкции было применено непрерывное вейвлетное преобразование с вейвлетной функцией Морле. Затем был произведен расчет временного энергетического спектра этой реконструкции с последующим определением наклона спектральной плотности в двойном логарифмическом диапазоне временных масштабов от сотни до нескольких сотен лет.

Выводы. Высокочастотная часть полученного энергетического спектра с периодами примерно от 50 до 100 лет имеет характер «красного» шума, а низкочастотная часть с последующими периодами, примерно от 100 до 500 лет, оказывается имеет характер «белого» шума, т.е. спектральная плотность в нем не меняется с изменением длины периода. Это является неестественным для всех встречающихся в природе турбулентных движений. Отсюда делается вывод, что рассматриваемая 2к-реконструкция не может отражать реальные изменения глобальной приземной температуры воздуха за последние 2000 лет.
PENGARUH ASESMEN FORMATIF, PERAN GURU, DAN P5 DALAM KURIKULUM MERDEKA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA AKL
Authors: Putri Cindy Ayuna , AR Amirul
Published: November 2023

Kurikulum di Indonesia mengalami banyak perkembangan seiring dengan berkembangnya kondisi Negara, dan yang terbaru adalah Kurikulum Merdeka. Perubahan kurikulum yang dilakukan dalam kurun waktu yang singkat tentu akan memberikan dampak pada implementasinya di sekolah. Menurut Kepala BSKAP, terjadi miskonsepsi dari pihak pelaksana yakni guru terkait dengan implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka di sekolah dengan kondisi ideal yang ditetapkan oleh standar kurikulum, sedangkan di dalam kurikulum merdeka, guru berperan sebagai penggerak dan memegang kunci penting dalam implementasinya. Miskonsepsi pada kalangan guru turut mempengaruhi pelaksanaan dari  asesmen formatif dan kegiatan P5 yang merupakan bagian penting dari kurikulum merdeka itu sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh asesmen formatif, peran guru, dan P5 terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif-casual research dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak 108 responden yang merupakan siswa kelas X AKL SMKN 1 Kemlagi. Berdasarkan pengujian secara simultan dan parsial ditemukan adanya pengaruh secara signifikan antara asesmen formatif, peran guru, dan P5 terhadap hasil belajar siswa
PERAN FINANCIAL LITERACY SEBAGAI PEMEDIASI PENGARUH FINANCIAL EXPERIENCE DAN FINANCIAL ATTITUDE TERHADAP MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN PRIBADI MAHASISWA UNESA
Authors: Saputri Setiani Indah , Wahjudi Eko
Published: November 2023

Tahun 2023 World Bank memprediksi akan terjadi resesi ekonomi secara global. Dalam menghadapi resesi ekonomi, setiap orang harus memiliki bekal yang cukup terkait manajemen keuangan. Namun, masyarakat Indonesia saat ini cenderung memiliki pola hidup konsumtif yang akan mengarahkan pada manajemen keuangan yang buruk. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil survei Bank Indonesia yang menyatakan konsumsi Maret 2022 sebesar 74,4% lebih besar dibandingkan tingkat menabung sebesar 15,9%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran financial literacy sebagai pemediasi pengaruh financial experience dan financial attitude terhadap manajemen keuangan pribadi. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa prodi pendidikan akuntansi Unesa. Teknik sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling, dengan total sampel sebanyak 116 mahasiswa. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah SEM-PLS dengan model mediasi menggunakan software WarpPLS 8.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan financial literacy mampu berperan sebagai pemediasi pengaruh financial experience dan financial attitude terhadap manajemen keuangan pribadi mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Unesa
Perceptions about Monetary Policy
Authors:   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Bauer Michael D. , Pflueger Carolin E. ,   University of Chicago, Sunderam Adi ,   Harvard Business School
Published: November 2023

We estimate perceptions about the Federal Reserve’s monetary policy rule from panel data on professional forecasts of interest rates and macroeconomic conditions. The perceived dependence of the federal funds rate on economic conditions varies substantially over time, including over the monetary policy cycle. Forecasters update their perceptions about the Fed’s policy rule in response to monetary policy actions, measured by high-frequency interest rate surprises, suggesting that they have imperfect information about this rule. Monetary policy perceptions matter for monetary transmission, as they affect the sensitivity of interest rates to macroeconomic news, term premia in long-term bonds, and the response of the stock market to monetary policy surprises. A simple learning model with forecaster heterogeneity and incomplete information about the policy rule motivates and explains our empirical findings.
Demographics and Real Interest Rates Across Countries and Over Time
Authors:   Kapitalo Investimentos, Carvalho Carlos , Ferrero Andrea ,   University of Oxford, Mazin Felipe ,   University of Pennsylvania, Nechio Fernanda ,   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco
Published: November 2023

We explore the implications of demographic trends for the evolution of real interest rates across countries and over time. To that end, we develop a tractable three-country general equilibrium model with imperfect capital mobility and country-specific demographic trends. We calibrate the model to study how low-frequency movements in a country's real interest rate depend on its own and other countries' demographic factors, given a certain degree of financial integration. The more financially integrated a country is, the higher the sensitivity of its real interest rate to global developments is, and the less its own real rate determinants matter. We then estimate panel error correction models relating real interest rates to many of its possible determinants-demographics included-imposing some restrictions motivated by lessons from our structure model. Results corroborate the importance of accounting for time-varying financial integration, and show global factors and life expectancy are relevant determinants of real interest rates.
Separation methods in the food industry: An exploration of reverse osmosis, evaporation and freeze concentration applications
Authors:   School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia, Abu Bakar Nurul Amalia Farhanad , Ab Hamid Farah Hanim ,   a School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: November 2023

Separation method is broadly used in various industries, mainly in the food industry. Some of the applications include retaining the nutrients and concentrating fruit juices, liquid foods, and milk products. Fundamentally, the concentrated liquid product is achieved by these separation methods. Technology advances daily, impacting food quality characteristics such as flavour, colour, and texture. Production and commercialisation processes are key considerations, from conventional to modern approaches. Hence, this study aims to review the various types of separation methods with their application in food industries which are evaporation, reverse osmosis, and freeze concentration that is separated into two: suspension freeze concentration and progressive freeze concentration
Quantitative safety assessment for reactor size variation on high pressure methanol production
Authors:   School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Ahmad Mohd Aizad
Published: November 2023

This work studied carbon capture utilization (CCU) to methanol synthesis, which analyses reactor size's impact on high-pressure methanol production. As high pressure poses a high probability of process vessel leakage, assessment on its potential hazardous chemical impact such as toxicity, fire, and explosion must be conducted. This study examines how reactor size affects high-pressure methanol plant accident scenarios due to different leakage sizes of reactors and at various day and night conditions. HYSYS was used in this investigation to identify significant chemical components at high pressures. The analysis only limited to four hazardous chemical components namely methanol, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen. Then, ALOHA specifies the principal chemical component for the worst-case accident scenario. MARPLOT was used to quantify the methanol plant's safety by utilising distance and area plot threat analysis for reactor size variation. The volume of the reactor used is 42, 20, and 5 m3, with pressure conditions of 76, 184, and 331 bar, as the 10 mm, 75 mm, and 160 mm leakage size of the reactor has been simulated. The simulation in ALOHA was done by considering day and night conditions with one dominant wind direction according to the plant's location. The results show that the highest people affected incident was due to the toxic release of methanol from a 160 mm leak size during the night in Modified Plant 2. This scenario resulted in a percentage people affected for night conditions of 56.53%. This study is useful to predict worst-case people affected with variation for reactor size on high-pressure conditions.
The Need for Artificial Intellingence (AI) in Tourism Management
Authors:   Babeş-Bolyai University, Popovici Gheorghe
Published: November 2023

The paper presents a model for evaluating the influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the tourist experience. The proposed AIDE model performs AI evaluation in all travel stages, from pre-travel, during travel and post-travel. The results were obtained through the practical application of the model by using the Chat GPT application in the tourist-tourist destination interaction. The four evaluation components are: attract attention (A) and generate interest (I), stimulates the desire (D) to travel and creates emotion (E) through the experience of visitors.
ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ФІЗИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВЛЕНОСТІ ВЕСЛУВАЛЬНИКІВ ЗАСОБАМИ ФІТНЕСУ НА ЕТАПІ ПОПЕРЕДНЬОЇ БАЗОВОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ
Authors: Богуславська Вікторія Юріївна , Кушнір Кирило Станіславович , Губар Іван Вікторович , Сальникова Світлана Володимирівна
Published: November 2023

У веслуванні фахівці відзначають інтенсифікацію тренувального процесу та змагальної діяльності, значне збільшення фізичних навантажень на організм спортсмена, що вимагає від нього максимальної мобілізації функціональних резервів та психологічної стійкості в умовах тренувань та змагань. Покращення підготовки веслувальників на етапі попередньої базової підготовки є дуже важливим, оскільки на цьому етапі відбувається підвищення функціонального та фізичного стану спортсменів, розширення можливостей організму в адаптації. Мета дослідження полягає в покращенні рівня фізичної підготовленості слаломістів на етапі попередньої базової підготовки шляхом використання засобів фітнесу. У цьому дослідженні були використані такі методи: теоретичний аналіз і узагальнення науково-методичної літератури, педагогічне спостереження, педагогічний експеримент, педагогічне тестування та методи математичної статистики. Для наукового обґрунтування ефективності програми з використанням засобів фітнесу для підготовки слаломістів упродовж трьох місяців на етапі попередньої базової підготовки був проведений педагогічний експеримент. Протягом цього періоду 20 слаломістів були розділені на дві групи: контрольну (КГ) та експериментальну (ЕГ), кожна з них складалася з 10 спортсменів 12–13 років. Результати. Показник підтягування з вису на перекладині у слаломістів експериментальної групи був значно кращим на 3,0 раза (р<0,01) порівняно зі слаломістами контрольної групи, згинання та розгинання рук в упорі лежачи на підлозі покращилися на 4,50 раза (р<0,01), бігу 1000 м – на 0,99 хв/с (р<0,05), плавання 50 м – 5,27 с (р<0,05), бігу 100 м – 0,92 с (р<0,05), бігу 60 м – 0,94 с (р<0,05), стрибка у довжину з місця – на 12,20 см (р<0,01). Висновки. Експеримент підтвердив відмінність у показниках фізичної підготовленості між слаломістами, які використовували засоби фітнесу у підготовчому періоді етапу попередньої базової підготовки, та тими, хто не використовував цю програму. Виявлені відмінності були статистично значущими (p<0,05).