bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clustering of Environments of Southern Soft Red Winter Wheat Region for Milling and Baking Quality Attributes
Authors: Collaku A. , Harrison S. A. , Finney P. L. , Van Sanford D. A.
Published: July 2017

Division of regional nursery test sites into homogenous subregions contributes to more efficient evaluation and better differentiation of cultivars. Data from the Uniform Southern Soft Red Winter Wheat Nursery (USSRWWN) were analyzed to group testing sites into relatively homogenous subregions for milling and baking quality (MBQ) attributes. Environmental effects due to years accounted for over 50% of the total variation for protein content (P) and 42% for alkaline water retention capacity (AWRC). Genotype effect accounted for 63% of the total variation for softness equivalence (SE), and 37% for flour yield (FLY). A significant genotype × location (G×L) interaction occurred for FLY and P. However, the G×L variance component accounted for a small proportion of the total phenotypic variance, suggesting that clustering would be more beneficial for resource efficiency than for increasing differentiation of genotypes. A hierarchical cluster analysis was used to group locations on the basis of G×L interaction effects for FLY, P, AWRC, and SE. Cluster analysis divided the USSRWWN into two main subregions within which the G×L interaction was reduced by over 90% for FLY and by 60% for P. Although this classification is not entirely consistent with the geographic distribution of locations, clusters do follow general geographic‐climatic‐disease regions. Our results suggest that the USSR‐WWN can be divided into subregions to reduce the resources expended on evaluation of MBQ attributes. This classification of locations could be useful in breeding for specific adaptability within subregions.
Comparison of Sources and Lines Selected for Drought Resistance in Common Bean
Authors: Terán Henry , Singh Shree P.
Published: July 2017

Drought is a major constraint to common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production worldwide. Our objectives were to (i) identify sources of drought resistant germplasm in common bean cultivars and (ii) compare drought resistant germplasm with lines selected from interracial and intergene pool populations. We included in this study 12 of the most promising drought resistant cultivars from race Durango and 11 from race Jalisco, nine drought resistant lines selected from interracial or intergene pool populations, and two drought resistant and two susceptible checks. The 36 genotypes were evaluated in drought‐stressed (DS) and nonstressed (NS) environments in four cropping seasons between 1996 and 1998 at the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Palmira, Colombia. Drought stress reduced seed yield by 53%, 100‐seed weight by 13%, and days to maturity by 3%. Race Durango cultivars had higher yield, larger seed weight, and earlier maturity than race Jalisco cultivars in DS and NS environments. Large variations within the two races were found for the three traits. Drought resistant selected lines out‐yielded drought resistant checks by 44% in DS and 15% in NS and cultivars from race Durango by 48% in DS and 30% in NS and race Jalisco by 96% in DS and 46% in NS environments. Seed yield in DS was correlated negatively with the percent reduction (PR) because of drought stress and drought susceptibility index (DSI), whereas a positive correlation existed between PR and DSI. Drought resistant selected lines and race Durango cultivars had similar maturity. Mean 100‐seed weight of selected lines (23 g) was less than race Durango (34 g) and race Jalisco cultivars (29 g). While new sources of drought resistance could be identified in races Durango and Jalisco, these drought resistant germplasm and selected lines derived from interracial and intergene pool populations should be utilized for improvement of drought resistance in common bean.
The Coronal Tooth Fractures: Preliminary Evaluation of a Three-Year Follow-Up of the Anterior Teeth Direct Fragment Reattachment Technique Without Additional Preparation
Authors: Giudice G Lo , A. Alibrandi , F Lipari , A Lizio , F Lauritano , G Cervino , M Cicciù
Published: July 2017

Objective:

The aim of this research is to describe and to analyse the long-term results and the clinical steps of direct fragment reattachment technique with no additional tooth preparation, used to treat crown fracture. This technique achieves the clinical success, combining satisfactory aesthetic and functional results with a minimally invasive approach.

Methods:

The 3 years follow-up included 9 patients (5 males, 4 females) with coronal fracture. In all the cases the fragment was available and intact. The authors illustrate the adhesive procedure used. Under local anaesthesia and after positioning the rubber dam, both the tooth and the fragment surface were etched, rinsed and applied by the adhesive system in order to obtain the retention of the fractured part to the tooth without additional tooth preparation or resin cement.

Results:

The statistical analysis shows the good performances of direct fragment reattachment technique. After 36 months, in 22.2% of the cases, the detachment was observed of the bonded fragment and in 11.1% of patients, complications were recorded.

Conclusion:

Our clinical experience shows how the ultra-conservative procedure used is fast, easy and offers a long term predictability; it also allows good functional and aesthetic outcomes.
CPTED Measures in a Gated Residential Area
Authors: Md Sakip Siti Rasidah , Abdullah Aldrin
Published: July 2017

The observation approach is often used as a measurement tool for examining the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) elements in residential areas. However, this method of evaluation, which is merely based on observations is seen to be inadequate. This is due to the fact that CPTED is closely tied to community-based relationships, which is not easily measured through short-period observations. This study reports the findings of a pilot study which evaluates CPTED measures based on a face-to-face questionnaire survey. The study was conducted in a gated residential area located at Bukit Jambul in Penang, Malaysia. The results found that the measures of CPTED using the Cronbach Alpha (Î±) index for all components of CPTED were 0.6 and above suggesting that the measures are reliable and valid. The study revealed that CPTED is correlated to Sense of Community but not to Fear of Crime.
Covert Communication in MIMO-OFDM System Using Pseudo Random Location of Fake Subcarriers
Authors: Hudhajanto Rizky Pratama , Astawa I Gede Puja , Sudarsono Amang
Published: July 2017

Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) is the most used wireless transmission scheme in the world. However, its security is the interesting problem to discuss if we want to use this scheme to transmit a sensitive data, such as in the military and commercial communication systems. In this paper, we propose a new method to increase the security of MIMO-OFDM system using the change of location of fake subcarrier. The fake subcarriersâ€™ location is generated per packet of data using Pseudo Random sequence generator. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme does not decrease the performance of conventional MIMO-OFDM. The attacker or eavesdropper gets worse Bit Error Rate (BER) than the legal receiver compared to the conventional MIMO-OFDM system.
Relatos de antropología canina: el artificio ficcional de Courtoisie en la novela «Vida de perro»
Authors: Amores Fúster Miguel
Published: July 2017

La narrativa de Rafael Courtoisie presenta una serie de particularidades estilísticas y retóricas que, más allá del plano de la forma, construyen modos singulares de generación de sentido ficcional. Este artículo analiza la obra Vida de perro (1997), formada por 53 fragmentos heterogéneos y narratológicamente inconexos. La tesis que aquí se defenderá es que esta obra alcanza su coherencia y unidad de sentido en la oposición de todos los fragmentos a lo que Agamben denomina “maquinaria antropológica”, es decir, el conjunto de visiones y discursos por los cuales históricamente lo humano sólo ha sido concebido en oposición a lo animal.
Sistem Diagnosa Penyakit Dalam dengan Menggunakan Jaringan Saraf Tiruan Metode Backpropagation dan Learning Vector Quantization
Authors: Leleury Zeth Arthur , Lesnussa Yopi Andry , Madiuw Julianty
Published: July 2017

Jaringan saraf tiruan telah banyak digunakan untuk membantu menyelesaikan berbagaimacam permasalahan dalam rangka pengambilan keputusan berdasarkan pelatihan yangdiberikan. Jaringan saraf tiruan dapat diaplikasikan pada berbagai bidang dalam kehidupanmanusia, salah satunya bidang kesehatan. Dalam penelitian ini, jaringan saraf tiruandigunakan untuk mendiagnosa Penyakit Dalam dengan menggunakan metode Backpropagationdan Learning Vector Quantization yang selanjutnya akan dibandingkan hasil diagnosa darikedua metode tersebut. Data penelitian sebanyak 266 data, dengan 190 data sebagai datapelatihan dan 76 data sebagai data pengujian yang diambil dari data pasien RSUD Dr. M.Haulussy, Ambon. Dengan menggunakan metode Backpropagation tingkat keakuratandiagnosanya sebesar 61.84% sedangkan dengan menggunakan metode LVQ tingkat keakuratandiagnosanya sebesar 93.42%. Dari hasil penelitian ini metode LVQ dianggap lebih baik dalammendiagnosa Penyakit Dalam.
Pemetaan Kemiskinan di Kabupaten Mukomuko Menggunakan Small Area Estimation Dengan Pendekatan Regresi Penalized Spline
Authors: Sriliana Idhia , Agustina Dian , Sunandi Etis
Published: July 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pemetaan kemiskinan di Kabupaten Mukomuko ProvinsiBengkulu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Small Area Estimation (SAE) denganpendekatan regresi Penalized Spline (P-Spline). Pendugaan parametr model dasar SAE umumnyamembangun suatu model linier campuran yang mengasumsikan bahwa variabel respon dan variabelprediktor mempunyai hubungan linear. Ketika asumsi tersebut tidak terpenuhi, maka dilakukanpendekatan nonparametrik sebagai alternatif pilihan. Salah satunya adalah pendekatan nonparametrikP-Spline. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan pendugaan parameter model menggunakan P-Spline sehinggadiperoleh suatu persamaan regresi efek campuran sebagai model SAE. Selanjutnya model tersebutdigunakan untuk menduga tingkat kemiskinan pada area yang tersampling., sehingga diperoleh pendugatingkat kemiskinan pada level desa di Kabupaten Mukomuko yang disajikan dalam bentuk petakemiskinan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pendugaan menggunakan model SAE dengan P-Splinememiliki trend (kecenderungan) yang sama dengan penduga langsung. Kecamatan yang memiliki tingkatkemiskinan tinggi menyebar di bagian Timur Laut dan Tenggara dari Kabupaten Mukomuko, yaituKecamatan Selagan Raya, Teramang Jaya, Pondok Suguh, dan Air Rami masing-masing memiliki rata-rata kemiskinan yang tinggi. Sedangkan kecamatan dengan tingkat kemiskinan rendah adalahKecamatan Lubuk Pinang.
Spiro Latsis (comp.), Method and Appraisal in Economics, Londres, Cambridge University Press, 1976. 230 p.
Authors: Peña Raúl De la
Published: July 2017

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Economía de la movilidad geográfica de la mano de obra en México
Authors: Greenwood Michael J. , Ladman Jerry R.
Published: July 2017

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José Linhard, Bevölkerungspolitik in Mexiko, Disertación doctoral, Berlín, Universidad Libre de Berlín, 1978. 321 p.
Authors: Mier y Terán Marta
Published: July 2017

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Humberto Muñoz, Orlandina de Oliveira, Claudio Stern (compiladores). Migración y desigualdad social en la ciudad de México.
Authors: Aguirre Alejandro
Published: July 2017

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Evaluación de la información básica sobre mortalidad infantil en México
Authors: Aguirre M. Alejandro , Camposortega C. Sergio
Published: July 2017

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Constitución de la Red Nacional de Formación Ambiental (SEDUE)
Authors: . Redacción
Published: July 2017

Informe sobre la constitución en México de la Red Nacional de Formación Ambiental, convocada en 1985 por la SEDUE.
G. Breese, (comp.). The City in Newly Developing Countries. Englewood Cliff, N. J. : Prentice Hall, 1969. 535 p.
Authors: L. M. M. L. Reseñista
Published: July 2017

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Fundación para Estudios de la Población. Encuesta directa sobre actitudes familiares. México : [Tlilan Tlapalan], 1969. 43 p.
Authors: Quilodrán Julieta
Published: July 2017

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Fernando Carmona, Guillermo Montaño, Jorge Carrión y Alonso Aguilar M., El milagro mexicano. México, Editorial Nuestro Tiempo, 1970, 363 p.
Authors: García Rocha Adalberto
Published: July 2017

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Samuel Bowles. Planning Educational Systems for Economic Growth. Harvard Economic Studies no. 33, Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1969. 245 p.
Authors: Barkin David
Published: July 2017

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Williams Brass (comp.). Biological Aspects of Demography, Symposia of the Society for the Study of Human Biology, vol. 10. Londres, Taylor and Francis Ltd., 1971. 167 p.
Authors: Ordorica Manuel
Published: July 2017

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Susana Torrado de Ipola, L'évolution démographique en Argentine de 1870 a 1960. Tesis para obtener el doctorado en L'Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, La Soborna, París, París : [La autora], 1970. 351 p.
Authors: Quilodrán Julieta
Published: July 2017

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Supervivencia en una barriada en la ciudad de México
Authors: Lomnitz Larissa Adler de
Published: July 2017

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Ta Ngoc Châu con la colaboración de F. Caillods, J. Hallak y C. Tibi, Crecimiento demográfico y costos de la enseñanza en los países en vías de desarrollo, París, UNESCO. Instituto Internacional de Planeamiento de la Educación, 1973. 319 p.
Authors: Peña Raúl De la
Published: July 2017

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Empleo y explosión demográfica
Authors: Urquidi Víctor L.
Published: July 2017

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Políticas de población en los países socialistas de Europa
Authors: Maçura Milos
Published: July 2017

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Diseño de modelos para la determinación del ingreso nacional en países en desarrollo, con especial referencia a la experiencia de Chile
Authors: Behrman Jere R.
Published: July 2017

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Introducción
Authors: Gollás Manuel , Meller Patricio , Nadiri M. Ishaq
Published: July 2017

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Những giá trị nổi bật về quyền con người của Hiến pháp năm 1946 và sự kế thừa, phát triển trong Hiến pháp năm 2013
Authors: Vũ Giao Công , Nguyễn Dương Thuỳ
Published: July 2017

Bài viết phân tích những quy định của Hiến pháp 1946 về quyền công dân và  sự kế thừa, phát triển trong Hiến pháp năm 2013 của Việt Nam. Chế định nghĩa vụ và quyền lợi công dân trong Hiến pháp 1946 được xây dựng theo cách tiếp cận mở và rất khoa học, kết hợp hài hoà giữa những giá trị tiến bộ của văn minh phương Tây với những tư tưởng và điều kiện, hoàn cảnh đặc thù của dân tộc Việt Nam ở thời kỳ đó. Hiến pháp năm 2013 đã kế thừa và phát triển những tư tưởng cơ bản về quyền con người trong Hiến pháp năm 1946 nhưng chưa triệt để, thể hiện ở việc chưa xác định việc bảo vệ, bảo đảm quyền con người như là một trong các nguyên tắc nền tảng của việc xây dựng Hiến pháp. Vì vậy, có thể khẳng định trong lịch sử lập hiến ở Việt Nam cho đến thời điểm hiện nay, đỉnh cao của tinh thần tôn trọng, đề cao quyền con người vẫn là bản Hiến pháp đầu tiên năm 1946.
IDENTIFIKASI KEBERADAAN PENGAMBA’ DAN POLA RELASI DENGAN MASYARAKAT NELAYAN PESISIR TIMUR BANYUWANGI
Authors: Indriadewi Atmadjaja Yovita Vivianty
Published: July 2017

Masyarakat nelayan memiliki karakteristik dan kebiasaan yang unik dalam pengelolaan keuangan, yaitu ketergantungan dalam mencari solusi masalah keuangan terhadap pedagang perantara atau yang disebut sebagai pengamba’ dalam masyarakat nelayan Madura. Pedagang perantara menjadi lembaga informal yang membantu nelayan dalam memenuhi kebutuhannya dengan imbal balik hasil tangkapan nelayan harus disetorkan kepada pedagang perantara. Masyarakat nelayan dengan karakteristik seperti ini juga terjadi pada masyarakat pesisir Timur Banyuwangi yang menjadi subyek dalam penelitian ini. Dari hasil penelitian yang mengambil sampel tiga pengamba’ dan 2 nelayan di Kampung Mandar, Kecamatan Banyuwangi didapatkan bahwa keberadaan pengamba’ didasari dan ditunjang dengan adanya ketergantungan nelayan yang telah berlangsung lama terhadap pengamba’ dalam hal kebutuhan dana, baik dana untuk pembelian aset maupun dana kerja melaut, serta adanya hubungan yang erat dan saling menguntungkan antara nelayan dan pengamba’. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa pola relasi antara nelayan dan pengamba’ tidak hanya berdasarkan utang piutang, tetapi sudah menjadi seperti keluarga, dan pola relasi ini terputus apabila nelayan berpindah ke pengamba lain yang berada di satu wilayah dengan pengamba lama dengan terlebih dahulu melunasi pinjaman awal nelayan kepada pengamba’.
KOMITMEN ORGANISASI KARYAWAN UNIVERSITAS DR. SOETOMO SURABAYA
Authors: Susilowati Sri
Published: July 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis Dampak Faktor-Faktor Kepuasan Kerja secara Simultan dan Parsial Terhadap Komitmen Organisasi Pegawai Universitas Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. dan untuk mengetahui variabel yang paling dominan mempengaruhi Komitmen Organisasi Pegawai Universitas Dr. Soetomo Surabaya.Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari kuesioner yang pengukurannya menggunakan skala likert dan diolah secara statistik dengan menggunakan rumus regresi linier berganda dengan menggunakan program SPSS versi 20, yaitu Uji F dan Uji t dan dibandingkan dengan F Tabel dan t Tabel pada taraf signifikan 5%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa Uji F yaitu variabel X 1 (Pekerjaan), X 2 (Gaji), X 3 (Rekan kerja), X 4 (Kondisi Kerja) secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap komitmen organisasi (Y). Hal ini dibuktikan karena F Hitung 5,034 > F Tabel 2,47 yang berarti Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak. Sedangkan Uji t, X 2 (Gaji) merupakan varibel yang paling dominan terhadap komitmen organisasi (Y) hal ini dibuktikan karena t Hitung – 0,507 > t Tabel – 1,661 dengan signifikansi 0,001 atau 1%. Besarnya pengaruh variabel bebas yang dianalisis bersama-sama terhadap variabel terikat yaitu komitmen organisasi sebesar 17,5%. Sedangkan sisanya sebesar 82,5% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak ada dalam penelitian ini.
The 2013 Curriculum Based Syllabus For Senior High School’s English Extracurricular Program
Authors: Mustolih Masrur , Hermayawati Hermayawati
Published: July 2017

The study aimed at designing syllabus for English extracurricular in SMAN 1 Seyegan based on the 2013 Curriculum. This was Research and Development (R&D) study using ADDIE model. There were five stages in conducting the research; (1) Analysis; (2) Design; (3) Development; (4) Implementation; (5) Evaluation. This study involved 15 students of ten graders who registered to English extracurricular program. To gain the Needs Analysis (NA), the researcher used observation, questionnaire, interview, and documentation. This study found a 2013 curriculum based syllabus using is matrix format. It consists of 21 units for two semesters; ‘Introduction’, ‘Greeting, meeting and parting’, ‘Self-Introduction’, ‘Compliment, ‘Caring’, ‘Past Time’, ‘Descriptive Text’, ‘Announcement Text’, ‘Introduction to Public Speaking’ ‘Speech’, ‘Storytelling’, ‘Indonesian Culture’, ‘Foreign Culture’, ‘Study Abroad’, ‘Writing a letter, ‘Debate Contest’, ‘Australasian Debate Style’, ‘British Debate Style’, ‘Vacation ’and 2 units for semester exam. It was appropriate with the 2013 Curriculum based on (1) an expert judgment from Mercu Buana University of Yogyakarta; (2) theFocus Group Discussion from English teacher and school principal of SMA N 1Seyegan; (3) the results of pre-test and post-test in two cycles which showed there was improvement. Based on the findings above, it is recommended for the further researcher to develop the designed syllabus into module for English extracurricular.
Improving The Tenth Grade Students’ Writing Skill By Using Picture Series
Authors: Pratiwi Dwi
Published: July 2017

AbstractAs a foreign language, English language is not easy to study by students in every grade. Many students cannot understand their materials because they have perception that studying English is very difficult for them. Writing is one of important components in language skills. On the other hand, it is considered difficult by learners including the students of SMA N 1 Sedayu especially class X IIS 3. The students’ writing achievement was still low. To solve this problem, the researcher did the classroom action research. The objectives of this research are describing the improvement of students’ writing skill through recount text using picture series, analyzing the students’ interests in writing skill through recount text using picture series, and finding out how far the improvement of the students using picture series in writing skill through recount text. This research involved 32 students from tenth grade of SMA N 1 Sedayu. In this research, to get the data researcher gave questionnaires, did observation, interview and tests. A classroom action research was used in this research to overcome student’s problem in writing skill. The mean in pre-test and post-test showed a different number. The mean of the pre-test was 61.7 which was still low score because the KKM is 75. Afterwards, the researcher conducted the next treatment, then did post-test and the mean of the students’ score was increased into 77,7. Besides, students also showed different interest in their learning English especially English writing skill.
The Implementation Of Demonstration Strategy Using Modeling Videos To Improve Confidence And Practices In Presentation
Authors: Anggraeni Dewi
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe objectives of this study were to explain the problems faced by engineering students of Semarang State Polytechnic in their presentation skills, to describe the implementation of demonstration strategy using modeling videos in improving the students’ self-confidence and practice in their presentation and the improvement when the strategy was applied. The research design of this study was classroom action research. The subjects were 20 engineering students from Telecommunication Study Program of Semarang State Polytechnic. The study was conducted by doing observation, giving pre test and posttest and questionnaire. The actions were conducted in three cycles. The findings showed that the implementation of demonstration strategy using modeling videos was able to improve the engineering students’ self-confidence and practice in their presentation skills. First, the students were actively involved in the teaching learning process. It could be seen from the result of observation sheet done by the researcher. There was an improvement of 3.3 points. Second, the posttest result showed significant progress from the pre test score, which was 69.8 into 84.95.
Improving students’ reading skill by using quantum learning
Authors: Martika Wini , Hermayawati Hermayawati
Published: July 2017

AbstractThere were many students who had problem in comprehending the text. Based on the problem, this research aimed at finding out :(1) the procedures to improve students’ reading skill using Quantum Learning (QL); (2) the students’ interest in their learning reading using QL; (3) the students’ improvement in comprehending the texts using QL. This research involved 32 students of class VII C of SMPN 1 Seyegan. The researcher used pre-test and post- test to analyse the students’ improvement. It was found that the students’ average score in pre-test was 52,7, and the first post-test was 67,4. The second post-test was 89,8. It means that the post-test was higher than pre-test. Besides, the students also had been well motivated during the learning process. In conclusion, the findings of this research showed that the QL could improve the students’ reading skill. Hence, she suggested to use QL as an alternative method in improving the students’ reading skill.
SIDE EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH DRUGS USED IN TREATMENT OF MULTI DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS AND TREATMENT RELATED FACTORS OF MULTI DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN KATHMANDU VALLEY
Authors: Bhatt Chandra Prakash , KC B
Published: July 2017

Introduction: Treatment of multi drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) with second line drugs is associated with adverse drug reactions and toxicity. Aim of this study were to determine side effects associated with drugs used in treatment of multi drug resistant tuberculosis and treatment related factors of MDR-TB patients.Methodology: A prospective study was carried out in National Tuberculosis Centre Bhaktapur Nepal. Questionnaires were used to collect data from patients.Results: Total 101 MDR TB patients were included among them majorities were male (52%) and mean age of the patients was 31.2 years. Majority of patients (87.1%) had previous history of tuberculosis treatment and 54.5% were in intensive phase of treatment. The side effect associated with drugs used in treatment of MDR-TB reported by patients were joint pain (21.2%), nausea (20.3%), hearing disturbances (11%), gastrointestinal disturbance (9.9%), depression (9.6%), itching (8.1%), hypothyroidism (6.4%), dizziness (6.4%), seizures (3.8%) and hepatitis (3.5%). Last month 25.74% patients missed one or more doses of drugs and 3.9% missed drug doses due to side effect of drugs. Majorities of the patients used vehicle to reach health centre (92.07%), time to reach the health center (59.4%) were less than 30 minutes but majorities of patients (57.4%) were not satisfied by the counseling of health care worker.Conclusion: The finding of this study shows that in MDR patients 12.8% were found new cases. Last month 3.9% patients were stopped the drugs due to side effects of drugs. Majority of patients (57.4%) were not satisfied by counseling of health care worker. Treatment of multi drug resistant tuberculosis with second line anti tubercular drugs is associated with side effects, health care worker counseling to MDR- TB patients with full attention is essential to encourage the patient’s moral and complete the treatment. Timely managing the side effects of medication is important in helping people to complete their treatment.SAARC J TUBER LUNG DIS HIV/AIDS, 2017; XIV(1), Page: 1-6
PERFORMANCE OF XPERT MTB/RIF ASSAY FOR DETECTION OF M.TB IN PULMONARY AND EXTRA-PULMONARY SAMPLES IN INDIAN PATIENTS
Authors: Shetye Shamma , Chheda P. , Lad A , Matkar S
Published: July 2017

Introduction: Conventional methods like Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining and liquid culture have been the mainstay for diagnosis of Tuberculosis (TB). The gold standard Liquid Culture method has a longer turnaround time. In the wake of the TB catastrophe, newer rapid and easily accessible methods of detection are the need of the hour. A molecular method like the Xpert MTB/RIF assay has revolutionized the early and rapid diagnosis of TB. Objective of the current study was to assess the performance and utility of Xpert MTB/RIF assay for the diagnosis of M. tuberculosis in pulmonary and extra-pulmonary clinical specimens in a large Indian reference laboratory.Methodology: The reference methods used were MGIT Liquid Culture system and ZN smear microscopy. Our study was performed in Global Reference Laboratory, Metropolis Healthcare, Mumbai, India for a period of 18 months with consecutive one thousand and forty two (518 Pulmonary + 524 extra-pulmonaryspecimens) clinical specimens obtained from the patients with clinical suspicion of tuberculosis. Diagnostic performance (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the three methods were calculated with standard formulae.Results: In comparison to MGIT Liquid culture, sensitivity of Xpert MTB/RIF assay for pulmonary and extra pulmonary specimens were 87.18% and 68.92%, respectively while in comparison to ZN smear microscopy the sensitivity of Xpert MTB/RIF assay for pulmonary and extra pulmonary specimens were 92.67% and 83.81%, respectively.Conclusion: Our study concludes that in combination with the MGIT culture, Xpert MTB/RIF assay will significantly improve the detection rate of MTB bacteria.SAARC J TUBER LUNG DIS HIV/AIDS, 2017; XIV(1), page: 7-13
THE PSYCHOSOCIAL CHALLENGES FACING MULTI DRUG RESISTANCE TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Thiruvalluvan E , Thomas B , Suresh C , Sellappan S , Muniyandi M , Watson B
Published: July 2017

Background: The treatment for MDR-TB characterized by rigorous treatment regimen for long duration, higher incidence of adverse side effects, lower cure rate, and high treatment costs. This could lead to number of psychosocial problems that influence treatment adherence. MDR-TB patients registered under DOTS Plus programme during the period of 2013-2014 in Chennai and Madurai districts, of Tamilnadu were included for this study.Objective: To understand the psychosocial issues facing MDR-TB patients, who are diagnosed and registered for treatment under DOTS plus programme.Methodology: This study used Focus Group Discussions with people with MDR-TB. Focus Group Discussions were focused on physical, psychological, social and economical challenges which MDR-TB patients faced during their treatment.Results: Most of the study participants did not disclose their TB status, even to their family members. The majority of patients were not aware of the diagnosis of MDR-TB and long duration of treatment. Stigma from family, community and health providers has been experienced by the majority of patients. Patients and their families were afraid of losing economic stability which was already precarious owing to the disease. This fear has often generated a great deal of stress.Conclusion: Study finding indicates that there is a significant psychological, social, and financial impact of MDR-TB that has a direct impact on quality of life of MDR-TB patients and their families. There is a need for psychosocial intervention model (strategies) for MDR-TB patients and their caregivers to mitigate the negative effects.SAARC J TUBER LUNG DIS HIV/AIDS, 2017; XIV(1), page: 14-21
Exposure to Traffic-related Air Pollution and the Onset of Childhood Asthma: A Review of the Literature and the Assement Methods Used
Authors: Jadaan Khair , Khreis Haneen , Török Ádám
Published: July 2017

The overall objective of this study is to examine the literature investigating the associations between traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and the incidence and prevalence of childhood asthma throughout a critical literature review The study examines and demonstrates the association between TRAP and childhood asthma, the literature associated with it, and the gaps in the current state of research. The exposure assessment methods currently in use in the literature are also overviewed and critically discussed for strengths and limitations.
The TOR Signaling Network in the Model Unicellular Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Pérez-Pérez María , Couso Inmaculada , Crespo José
Published: July 2017

Cell growth is tightly coupled to nutrient availability. The target of rapamycin (TOR) kinase transmits nutritional and environmental cues to the cellular growth machinery. TOR functions in two distinct multiprotein complexes, termed TOR complex 1 (TORC1) and TOR complex 2 (TORC2). While the structure and functions of TORC1 are highly conserved in all eukaryotes, including algae and plants, TORC2 core proteins seem to be missing in photosynthetic organisms. TORC1 controls cell growth by promoting anabolic processes, including protein synthesis and ribosome biogenesis, and inhibiting catabolic processes such as autophagy. Recent studies identified rapamycin-sensitive TORC1 signaling regulating cell growth, autophagy, lipid metabolism, and central metabolic pathways in the model unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The central role that microalgae play in global biomass production, together with the high biotechnological potential of these organisms in biofuel production, has drawn attention to the study of proteins that regulate cell growth such as the TOR kinase. In this review we discuss the recent progress on TOR signaling in algae.
SIRT3: Oncogene and Tumor Suppressor in Cancer
Authors: Torrens-Mas Margalida , Oliver Jordi , Roca Pilar , Sastre-Serra Jorge
Published: July 2017

Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), the major deacetylase in mitochondria, plays a crucial role in modulating oxygen reactive species (ROS) and limiting the oxidative damage in cellular components. SIRT3 targets different enzymes which regulate mitochondrial metabolism and participate in ROS detoxification, such as the complexes of the respiratory chain, the isocitrate dehydrogenase, or the manganese superoxide dismutase. Thus, SIRT3 activity is essential in maintaining mitochondria homeostasis and has recently received great attention, as it is considered a fidelity protein for mitochondrial function. In some types of cancer, SIRT3 functions as a tumoral promoter, since it keeps ROS levels under a certain threshold compatible with cell viability and proliferation. On the contrary, other studies describe SIRT3 as a tumoral suppressor, as SIRT3 could trigger cell death under stress conditions. Thus, SIRT3 could have a dual role in cancer. In this regard, modulation of SIRT3 activity could be a new target to develop more personalized therapies against cancer.
Electrodeposition of Vanadium Oxides at Room Temperature as Cathodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Rasoulis Michalis , Vernardou Dimitra
Published: July 2017

Electrodeposition of vanadium pentoxide coatings was performed at room temperature and a short growth period of 15 min based on an alkaline solution of methanol and vanadyl (III) acetyl acetonate. All samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The current density and electrolyte concentration were found to affect the characteristics of the as-grown coatings presenting enhanced crystallinity and porous structure at the highest values employed in both cases. The as-grown vanadium pentoxide at current density of 1.3 mA·cm−2 and electrolyte concentration of 0.5 M indicated the easiest charge transfer of Li+ across the vanadium pentoxide/electrolyte interface presenting a specific discharge capacity of 417 mAh·g−1, excellent capacitance retention of 95%, and coulombic efficiency of 94% after 1000 continuous Li+ intercalation/deintercalation scans. One may then suggest that this route is promising to prepare large area vanadium pentoxide electrodes with excellent stability and efficiency at very mild conditions.
σ-Hole Interactions: Perspectives and Misconceptions
Authors: Politzer Peter , Murray Jane
Published: July 2017

After a brief discussion of the σ-hole concept and the significance of molecular electrostatic potentials in noncovalent interactions, we draw attention to some common misconceptions that are encountered in that context: (1) Since the electrostatic potential reflects the contributions of both the nuclei and the electrons, it cannot be assumed that negative potentials correspond to “electron-rich” regions and positive potentials to “electron-poor” ones; (2) The electrostatic potential in a given region is determined not only by the electrons and nuclei in that region, but also by those in other portions of the molecule, especially neighboring ones; (3) A σ-hole is a region of lower electronic density on the extension of a covalent bond, not an electrostatic potential; (4) Noncovalent interactions are between positive and negative regions, which are not necessarily associated with specific atoms, so that “close contacts” between atoms do not always indicate the actual interactions.
On Unsteady Three-Dimensional Axisymmetric MHD Nanofluid Flow with Entropy Generation and Thermo-Diffusion Effects on a Non-Linear Stretching Sheet
Authors: Almakki Mohammed , Dey Sharadia , Mondal Sabyasachi , Sibanda Precious
Published: July 2017

The entropy generation in unsteady three-dimensional axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) nanofluid flow over a non-linearly stretching sheet is investigated. The flow is subject to thermal radiation and a chemical reaction. The conservation equations are solved using the spectral quasi-linearization method. The novelty of the work is in the study of entropy generation in three-dimensional axisymmetric MHD nanofluid and the choice of the spectral quasi-linearization method as the solution method. The effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis are also taken into account. The nanofluid particle volume fraction on the boundary is passively controlled. The results show that as the Hartmann number increases, both the Nusselt number and the Sherwood number decrease, whereas the skin friction increases. It is further shown that an increase in the thermal radiation parameter corresponds to a decrease in the Nusselt number. Moreover, entropy generation increases with respect to some physical parameters.
Study on the Business Cycle Model with Fractional-Order Time Delay under Random Excitation
Authors: Lin Zifei , Xu Wei , Li Jiaorui , Jia Wantao , Li Shuang
Published: July 2017

Time delay of economic policy and memory property in a real economy system is omnipresent and inevitable. In this paper, a business cycle model with fractional-order time delay which describes the delay and memory property of economic control is investigated. Stochastic averaging method is applied to obtain the approximate analytical solution. Numerical simulations are done to verify the method. The effects of the fractional order, time delay, economic control and random excitation on the amplitude of the economy system are investigated. The results show that time delay, fractional order and intensity of random excitation can all magnify the amplitude and increase the volatility of the economy system.
Standby-Loss Elimination in Server Power Supply
Authors: Kim Jong-Woo , Moon Gun-Woo , Lee Il-Oun
Published: July 2017

In a server power system, a standby converter is required in order to provide the standby output, monitor the system’s status, and communicate with the server power system. Since these functions are always required, losses from the standby converter are produced even though the system operates in normal mode. For these reasons, the losses deteriorate the total efficiency of the system. In this paper, a new structure is proposed to eliminate the losses from the standby converter of a server power supply. The key feature of the proposed structure is that the main direct current (DC)/DC converter substitutes all of the output power of the standby converter, and the standby converter is turned off in normal mode. With the proposed structure, the losses from the standby converter can be eliminated in normal mode, and this leads to a higher efficiency in overall load conditions. Although the structure has been proposed in the previous work, very important issues such as a steady state analysis, the transient responses, and how to control the standby converter are not discussed. This paper presents these issues further. The feasibility of the proposed structure has been verified with 400 V link voltage, 12 V/62.5 A main output, and a 12 V/2.1 A standby output server power system.
Progress Evaluation for the Restaurant Industry Assessed by a Voluntary Marketing-Mix and Choice-Architecture Framework That Offers Strategies to Nudge American Customers toward Healthy Food Environments, 2006–2017
Authors: Kraak Vivica , Englund Tessa , Misyak Sarah , Serrano Elena
Published: July 2017

Consumption of restaurant food and beverage products high in fat, sugar and sodium contribute to obesity and non-communicable diseases. We evaluated restaurant-sector progress to promote healthy food environments for Americans. We conducted a desk review of seven electronic databases (January 2006–January 2017) to examine restaurant strategies used to promote healthful options in the United States (U.S.). Evidence selection (n = 84) was guided by the LEAD principles (i.e., locate, evaluate, and assemble evidence to inform decisions) and verified by data and investigator triangulation. A marketing-mix and choice-architecture framework was used to examine eight voluntary strategies (i.e., place, profile, portion, pricing, promotion, healthy default picks, priming or prompting and proximity) to evaluate progress (i.e., no, limited, some or extensive) toward 12 performance metrics based on available published evidence. The U.S. restaurant sector has made limited progress to use pricing, profile (reformulation), healthy default picks (choices), promotion (responsible marketing) and priming and prompting (information and labeling); and some progress to reduce portions. No evidence was available to assess progress for place (ambience) and proximity (positioning) to promote healthy choices during the 10-year review period. Chain and non-chain restaurants can apply comprehensive marketing-mix and nudge strategies to promote healthy food environments for customers.
Sponge-Inspired Dibromohemibastadin Prevents and Disrupts Bacterial Biofilms without Toxicity
Authors: Le Norcy Tiffany , Niemann Hendrik , Proksch Peter , Tait Karen , Linossier Isabelle , Réhel Karine , Hellio Claire , Faÿ Fabienne
Published: July 2017

Since the banning of several families of compounds in antifouling (AF) coatings, the search for environmentally friendly AF compounds has intensified. Natural sources of AF compounds have been identified in marine organisms and can be used to create analogues in laboratory. In a previous study, we identified that dibromohemibastadin-1 (DBHB) is a promising AF molecule, leading to the inhibition of the activity of phenoloxidase, an enzyme involved in the attachment of mussels to surfaces. This paper describes the activity of the DBHB on biofilm formation and its detachment and on bacterial adhesion and communication: quorum sensing. DBHB has an anti-biofilm activity without affecting adhesion of marine and terrestrial bacteria at a dose of 10 µM. Moreover, DBHB activity on quorum sensing (QS) is demonstrated at doses of 8 and 16 µM. The activity of DBHB on QS is compared to kojic acid, a quorum sensing inhibitor already described. This compound is a promising environmentally friendly molecule potentially useful for the inhibition of microfouling.
Concentration at the Minimum Bubble Velocity (CMV) for Various Types of Flotation Frothers
Authors: Kowalczuk Przemyslaw B. , Zawala Jan , Drzymala Jan
Published: July 2017

This paper presents the determination of a concentration at the minimum bubble velocity (CMV) for different types of frothers, such as straight and branched alkyl chain aliphatic alcohols, 1,ω-diols, poly(propylene glycol) and poly(ethylene glycol) alkyl ethers, n-alkyltrimethylammonium bromides, commercial frothers and others. The values of terminal rise bubble velocity were reviewed from the experimental data published in the literature for two different types of columns, i.e., a short PAS (used in Polish Academy of Sciences) of height (35 cm) and a long McGill of height (350 cm). The obtained empirical equation is universal and allows one to rapidly and accurately determine the CMV for all surfactants. The proposed empirical model can also be used to predict the terminal bubble velocity–frother concentration curve by knowing the maximum and minimum terminal velocities, as well as the values of CMV. Assessment and usefulness of frother characterization parameters (i.e., concentration at the minimum bubble velocity (CMV), dynamic frothability index (DFI) and critical coalescence concentration (CCC)) were shown in the flotation of coal.
Effect of UV-C Radiation, Ultra-Sonication Electromagnetic Field and Microwaves on Changes in Polyphenolic Compounds in Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa)
Authors: Cebulak Tomasz , Oszmiański Jan , Kapusta Ireneusz , Lachowicz Sabina
Published: July 2017

Chokeberry fruits are highly valued for their high content of polyphenolic compounds. The use of such abiotic stress factors as UV-C radiation, an electromagnetic field, microwave radiation, and ultrasound, at different operation times, caused differentiation in the contents of anthocyanins, phenolic acids, flavonols, and flavan-3-ols. Samples were analyzed for contents of polyphenolics with ultra-performance liquid chromatography and photodiode detector-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-PDA-MS/MS). The analysis showed that after exposure to abiotic stress factors, the concentration of anthocyanins ranged from 3587 to 6316 mg/100 g dry matter (dm) that constituted, on average, 67.6% of all identified polyphenolic compounds. The second investigated group included phenolic acids with the contents ranging between 1480 and 2444 mg/100 g dm (26.5%); then flavonols within the range of 133 to 243 mg/100 g dm (3.7%), and finally flavan-3-ols fluctuated between 191 and 369 mg/100 g dm (2.2%). The use of abiotic stress factors such as UV-C radiation, microwaves and ultrasound field, in most cases contributed to an increase in the content of the particular polyphenolic compounds in black chokeberry. Under the influence of these factors, increases were observed: in anthocyanin content, of 22%; in phenolic acids, of 20%; in flavonols, of 43%; and in flavan-3-ols, of 30%. Only the use of the electromagnetic field caused a decrease in the content of the examined polyphenolic compounds.
Specialized Metabolites of the Lichen Vulpicida pinastri Act as Photoprotective Agents
Authors: Legouin Béatrice , Lohézic-Le Dévéhat Françoise , Ferron Solenn , Rouaud Isabelle , Le Pogam Pierre , Cornevin Laurence , Bertrand Michel , Boustie Joël
Published: July 2017

The extreme resiliency of lichens to UV radiations makes them an interesting model to find new photoprotective agents acting as UV-blockers and antioxidant. In this research, using a new in vitro method designed to overcome the shortage of material associated to many studies dealing with natural products, we show that the three major compounds isolated from the lichen Vulpicida pinastri, vulpinic acid, pinastric acid and usnic acid, were UV blocker agents. Antioxidant assays evidenced superoxide anion scavenging activity. Combination of the most promising compounds against UVB and UVB radiations, usnic acid, vulpinic acid and pinastric acid, increased the photoprotective activity. At the same time, they were found not cytotoxic on keratinocyte cell lines and photostable in the UVA and UVB ranges. Thus, lichens represent an attractive source to find good candidate ingredients as photoprotective agents. Additionally, the uncommon scalemic usnic acid mixture in this Vulpicida species was proven through electronic circular dichroism calculation.