bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Karakteristik Pola Pertumbuhan dan Distribusi Ukuran Thunnus albacares, Bonnaterre, 1788 (Teleostei: Scombridae) yang Tertangkap dengan Pancing Ulur di Perairan Selatan Pulau Ambon
Authors: Paillin Jacobus Bunga , Siahainenia Stany Rachel , Tawari Ruslan Husen Saban
Published: March 2021

Handline is a fishing tool that is always used by fishermen in Passo Village to catch tuna fish in the southern waters of Ambon Island. In carrying out tuna fishing activities, these fishermen use two hand lines at the same time operating together but differ in their operating techniques. This research was conducted to know the size distribution and growth pattern of yellowfin tuna caught by handline (PUT and PUH) in the southern waters of Ambon Island. From the results of this study, the total yellowfin tuna caught using the PUT handline was 323 individuals with an average class length of 117.23 cm, while the yellowfin tuna caught using the PUH handline was 159 with an average class length of 118.1 cm. The average total weight of yellowfin tuna caught by the PUT handline was 21.26 kg. The average total weight caught using the PUH handline was 21.94 kg. The growth pattern of yellowfin tuna as a whole is negative allometric, which means that the length growth is faster than the weight growth. Pancing ulur merupakan alat tangkap yang selalu dipakai oleh nelayan di Desa Passo untuk menangkap ikan tuna di perairan selatan Pulau Ambon. Dalam melakukan aktivitas penangkapan ikan tuna, nelayan tersebut menggunakan dua pancing ulur (hand line) sekaligus  diopresikan secara bersama-sama namun berbeda dalam teknik pengoprasiannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi ukuran dan pola pertumbuhan ikan tuna madidihang yang tertangkap dengan  pancing ulur (PUT dan PUH) di perairan selatan Pulau Ambon. Dari hasil penelitian ini total ikan tuna madidihang yang tertangkap dengan PUT sebanyak 323 individu dengan rata-rata kelas ukuran panjang yang tertangkap yaitu 117.23 cm, sedangkan tuna madidihang yang tertangkap menggunakan PUH sebanyak 159 ekor dengan rata-rata kelas ukuran panjang 118.1 cm. Rata-rata berat total tuna madidihang yang tertangkap dengan PUT yaitu  21.26 kg. rata-rata berat total yang tertangkap dengan PUH yaitu 21.94 kg. Pola pertumbuhan ikan tuna madidihang secara keseluruhan bersifat allometrik negatif hal ini berarti pertumbuhan panjang lebih cepat pertumbuhan beratnya.
Distribusi Spasial dan Faktor Kontaminasi Logam Berat di Pesisir Kota Makassar
Authors: Noor Rahmat Januar , Kabangnga Arnold , Fathuddin Fathuddin
Published: March 2021

The presence of heavy metals in coastal waters is a threat to the wealth of coastal ecosystems because they are toxic. The people activities of Makassar City are centered in the coastal area so that they have the potential to produce heavy metal pollutants that can escape into coastal waters. This study aimed to determine the distribution of heavy metal concentrations in the sediment and water column and to determine the contamination factor. The research location is along the coast of Makassar City by determining the location of the observation based on potential sources of input, namely ports, river estuaries, and tourism activities. The research method used survey methods with in-situ measurements (oceanographic parameters) and ex-situ (heavy metal concentrations) and data presentation using tables, graphs, and analysis of variance test results. The concentration of heavy metals Pb, Cd, and Zn in the sediment were higher and significantly different (p <0.05) compared to the water column, while Cu not different. There was no significant difference in the concentration of heavy metals (p> 0.05) spatially (ports, river estuaries, tourist sites). Heavy metals in the sediments did not exceed the quality standard, while several heavy metals in the water column exceeded the quality standards, namely Pb and Cd. The contamination level of heavy metal pollutants studied in the coastal waters of Makassar City was low (CF <1), and if sorted, a pattern of heavy metal was Cd> Zn> Pb> Cu. Keberadaan logam berat di perairan pesisir merupakan ancaman bagi kekayaan ekosistem pesisir sebab bersifat toksik. Aktivitas masyarakat Kota Makassar berpusat di daerah pesisir sehingga berpotensi menghasilkan bahan pencemar logam berat yang dapat lepas ke perairan pesisir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi konsentrasi logam berat di sedimen dan kolom air serta menentukan faktor kontaminasi. Lokasi penelitian di sepanjang pesisir Kota Makassar dengan penentuan lokasi pengamatan berdasarkan potensi sumber masukan yaitu pelabuhan, muara sungai, dan aktivitas wisata. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survey dengan pengukuran secara insitu (parameter oseanografi) dan exsitu (konsentrasi logam berat) serta penyajian data menggunakan tabel, grafik, dan hasil pengujian analisis varians. Konsentrasi logam berat Pb, Cd, dan Zn pada sedimen lebih tinggi serta berbeda secara signifikan (p<0,05) dibandingkan dengan kolom air sedangkan Cu tidak berbeda. Tidak terdapat perbedaan konsentrasi logam berat yang nyata (p>0,05) secara spasial (pelabuhan, muara sungai, lokasi wisata) Logam berat pada sedimen tidak melampaui baku mutu sedangkan pada kolom air terdapat beberapa logam berat yang melampaui baku mutu yaitu Pb dan Cd. Tingkat kontaminasi bahan pencemar logam berat yang diteliti di perairan pesisir Kota Makassar termasuk rendah (CF<1) dan bila diurutkan maka ditemui pola Cd>Zn>Pb>Cu.
Agent based interaction of commodity price and freight market
Authors: Açık Abdullah , Başer Sadık Özlen
Published: March 2021

This study investigates the relationship between iron ore, coal and wheat prices, three major dry bulk cargoes, and Capesize, Panamax, and Handymax freight, which are the intensively used ships in transportation three essential cargoes. These major ship types are considered agents in the market. The main research questions are whether there are a volatility spillover and risk transmission between commodity prices and freight routes and whether there is a differentiation in relations according to the type of cargo and intensive carriage rate. Causality in variance analysis is used to test these research questions, which determines the flow of information between variables and the volatility spillover. The obtained results reveal that the interaction can differ according to both ship types and commodity types, and volatility spillovers and risk transfers are from commodity prices to freight rates.
The effect on perfectionism on burnout: An investigation on marble employees
Authors: Bulgurcu Gürel Esra Burcu , Kıran Funda , Çetinkaya Bozkurt Özlem
Published: March 2021

This study examines the relationship between the traits of a perfectionist personality and burnout. Perfectionists constantly set extremely high standards and make great efforts to achieve. In this regard, it can be stated that perfectionism is a concept that is closely related to burnout. The sample consisted of 158 employees working in a marble enterprise operating in the province of Burdur. As a result of the research, all hypotheses were supported. A statistically positive and significant relationship between the variables in the model was found. In other words, a significant and positive relationship was found between self-oriented perfectionism and emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment, which are the sub-scales of burnout.
Karanlık liderlik davranışlarının iş tatmini üzerindeki etkisi
Authors: Erdal Üngör Jülide
Published: March 2021

Ülkemizde karanlık liderlik algısının çalışan seviyesinde ve örgüt genelinde yarattığı etkileri değerlendiren araştırmalar son yıllarda artış eğilimi gösterse de örgütsel alandaki diğer konulara kıyasla, henüz istenilen seviyede olmadığını söylemek mümkündür. Özellikle çalışanların maruz kaldıkları karanlık liderlik davranışlarını tanımlamak, bu tür davranışların çalışanın işiyle ilgili duygularını nasıl etkilediğini ortaya koymak hem yazına önemli katkı sağlayacak ve hem de örgütlere ışık tutacaktır. Bu çalışma, karanlık liderlik algısının, çalışanların iş tatmini üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmadaki veriler, İstanbul’da kamu veya özel sektörde en az 5 yıl çalışmış ve bir yöneticiye bağlı kişilerin katılımı ile elde edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda toplamda 240 adet geçerli anket formu toplanmıştır. Veri toplamak için Karanlık Liderlik Algısı Ölçeği ile Minnesota İş Tatmini Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri analiz edildiğinde, korelasyon analizine göre karanlık liderlik algısının alt boyutlarından olan zorbaca davranışlar, samimiyetsiz davranışlar ve bezdiren davranışlar ile iş tatmini ile arasında negatif yönlü istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve zayıf düzeyde ilişki vardır. Çoklu regresyon sonuçlarına göre, karanlık liderlik davranışlarından bezdiren ve zorbaca davranışların, iş tatminini anlamlı ve negatif yönde etkilediği, samimiyetsiz davranışların ise iş tatmini üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi olmadığı sonucu elde edilmiştir.
Yıkıcı yönetim, sanal kaytarma ve işteki üretkenlik: Banka çalışanları üzerine bir araştırma
Authors: Güğerçin Seda , Çavuş Mustafa Fedai
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı; yıkıcı yönetim algısı, sanal kaytarma davranışları ve işteki üretkenlik kavramları arasındaki ilişkilerin yapılan ampirik bir araştırma ile ortaya konulmasıdır. Araştırmanın kuramsal çerçevesini, sosyal mübadele teorisi oluşturmaktadır.  Çalışmanın verileri Adana ilinde faaliyet gösteren kamu ve özel banka çalışanlarından anket yöntemi ile temin edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında temin edilen veriler; doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve yapısal eşitlik modellemesi ile incelenmiştir.  Çalışmada, yıkıcı yönetim algısının işteki üretkenlik ve sanal kaytarmanın önemli ve önemsiz olarak adlandırılan her iki boyutu ile anlamlı ilişkilerinin olduğu bulgulanmıştır. Yıkıcı yönetimin işteki üretkenliği negatif yönde, sanal kaytarmanın her iki boyutunu ise pozitif yönde etkilediği görülmüştür. Ayrıca, sanal kaytarma davranışının her iki boyutunun işteki üretkenlik ile ilişkisinin anlamlı olmadığı bulgulanmıştır. Bu çalışma sonuçlarına bağlı olarak, işletmelerdeki yöneticilere yıkıcı yönetimin olası zararlarına yönelik bilgilendirici eğitimler verilerek yıkıcı yönetim uygulamalarının önüne geçilmesi önerilmektedir. İlaveten işletmeler sanal kaytarma davranışlarına yönelik güvenlik açığı oluşturmayacak şekilde kısmi esneklikte bir kısıtlama politikası uygulayabilir ve üretkenlik için tehdit olarak gördükleri spesifik sanal kaytarma davranışlarını takip ederek gerektiğinde ilave önlemler alabilirler.
Uzun çalışma saatlerinin insanî gelişmişlik endeks değeri üzerindeki etkisi
Authors: Dinçer Murat , Bağdatlı Kalkan Seda
Published: March 2021

Ülkelerin gelişmişlik düzeyleri tarihten bugüne kadar farklı biçimlerde ele alınmış ve özellikle Sanayi Devrimi’nden sonra ülkelerin gelişmişlikleri gayrisafi yurt içi hasıla miktarları ile ölçülmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu durum özellikle II. Dünya Savaşı sonrasında gelişen insan hakları anlayışı ile çokça eleştirilmiş ve ilk kez 1990 yılında Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından İnsanî Gelişme Raporu yayınlanmıştır. Bu raporda yer alan İnsanî Gelişmişlik Endeksi hesaplamaları her ne kadar pek çok farklı açıdan eleştirilmiş olsa da yeni bir kalkınma ve gelişmişlik anlayışına dayanması temelinde önemli kabul edilmiştir. Bu endeks ile gerçekleştirilen hesaplamalardan yola çıkarak insanî gelişmişliğin pek çok farklı unsur ile ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada da insanî gelişmişlik ve çalışma saatleri ilişkisi Genelleştirilmiş Tahmin Denklemleri yöntemi ile incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada Ekonomik Kalkınma ve İş birliği Örgütüne üye 35 ülkenin 2010-2017 yılları arasındaki verileri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda çalışma saatleri ve insanî gelişmişlik endeksi bileşenleri arasında ters yönlü bir ilişkinin varlığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu bulgular mevcut iş ve çalışma anlayışını tartışmalı hale getirmektedir. Bu noktada bireysel ve toplumsal yaşamda verimlilik odaklı yeni bir paradigmaya ihtiyaç duyulduğu açıktır.
Lower threshold to NFκB activity sensitizes murine β-cells to streptozotocin
Authors: Wright Clyde J , McKenna Sarah , De Dios Robyn , Boehmer Brit H , Nguyen Leanna , Ghosh Sankar , Sandoval Jeryl , Rozance Paul J
Published: March 2021

The β-cell response to injury may be as critical for the development of diabetes as the specific insult. In the current study, we used streptozotocin (STZ) to injure the β-cell in order to study the response with a focus on NFκB. MIN6 cells were exposed to STZ (0.5–8 mM, 0–24h) ±TNFα (100 ng/mL) and ±IκBβ siRNA to lower the threshold to NFκB activation. Cell viability was determined by trypan blue exclusion. NFκB activation was determined by the expression of the target genes Nos2 and Cxcl10, localization of the NFκB proteins p65 and p50, and expression and localization of the NFκB inhibitors, IκBβ and IκBα. There was no NFκB activation in MIN6 cell exposed to STZ (2 mM) alone. However, knocking down IκBβ expression using siRNA resulted in STZ-induced expression of NFκB target genes and increased cell death, while co-incubation with STZ and TNFα enhanced cell death compared to either exposure alone. Adult male IκBβ−/− and WT mice were exposed to STZ and monitored for diabetes. The IκBβ−/− mice developed hyperglycemia and diabetes more frequently than controls following STZ exposure. Based on these results we conclude that STZ exposure alone does not induce NFκB activity. However, lowering the threshold to NFκB activation by co-incubation with TNFα or lowering IκBβ levels by siRNA sensitizes the NFκB response to STZ and results in a higher likelihood of developing diabetes in vivo. Therefore, increasing the threshold to NFκB activation through stabilizing NFκB inhibitory proteins may prevent β-cell injury and the development of diabetes.
Mitochondrial humanin peptide acts as a cytoprotective factor in granulosa cell survival
Authors: Marvaldi Carolina , Martin Daniel , Conte Julia G , Gottardo María Florencia , Pidre Matías L , Imsen Mercedes , Irizarri Martin , Manuel Sharron L , Duncan Francesca E , Romanowski Víctor , Seilicovich Adriana , Jaita Gabriela
Published: March 2021

Humanin (HN) is a short peptide involved in many biological processes such as apoptosis, cell survival, inflammatory response, and reaction to stressors like oxidative stress, between others. In the ovary, a correct balance between pro- and anti-apoptotic factors is crucial for folliculogenesis. In the follicular atresia, survival or death of granulosa cells is a critical process. The goal of this study was to evaluate the action of HN on granulosa cell fate. To explore endogenous HN function in the ovary, we used a recombinant baculovirus (BV) encoding a short-hairpin RNA targeted to silence HN (shHN). HN downregulation modified ovarian histoarchitecture and increased apoptosis of granulosa cells. HN was also detected in a granulosa tumor cell line (KGN). Transduction of KGN cells with BV-shHN resulted in HN downregulation and increased apoptosis. On the other hand, treatment of KGN cells with exogenous HN increased cell viability and decreased apoptosis. In summary, these findings indicate that HN is a cytoprotective factor in granulosa cells of antral follicles, suggesting that this peptide would be involved in the regulation of folliculogenesis. Also, this peptide is a cytoprotective factor in KGN cells, and therefore, it could be involved in granulosa tumor cell behavior.
Currículo y Autonomía Pedagógica. Enseñanzas Mínimas, Comunes y Currículo Básico
Authors: Montero Alcaide Antonio
Published: March 2021

La naturaleza del currículo, considerado en el ámbito del sistema educativo, es objeto de atención desde distintos enfoques. Principalmente, con una caracterización formal o analítica del mismo, a partir de un conjunto de elementos propios y reunidos para dar forma a las enseñanzas mínimas o comunes que establecen el currículo básico. Con este punto de partida, el artículo adopta la forma de ensayo teórico para centrar el análisis en el diseño del currículo del sistema educativo español, considerada una panorámica desde la definición de las enseñanzas mínimas hasta la configuración de un currículo básico, con el trasfondo de la autonomía pedagógica. Como resultado principal, se constata, además de la imprecisión o desajuste de las enseñanzas mínimas, una limitación del currículo básico para responder a su genuina naturaleza: garantizar una formación común y la validez de las acreditaciones académicas correspondientes, en el marco de una autonomía pedagógica más declarada que factible. Por tanto, son objeto de discusión: la naturaleza de las enseñanzas que sostienen el currículo básico, la necesidad de una confluencia educativa que facilite acuerdos, al menos, sobre lo básico imprescindible, y la naturaleza condiciones y alcance del ejercicio de la autonomía pedagógica.
Autonomia e Flexibilidade Curricular como Instrumentos Gestionários. O Caso de Portugal
Authors: Silva Sofia , Fraga Nuno
Published: March 2021

As políticas curriculares portuguesas inspiram-se no discurso das políticas internacionais que recomendam às escolas maior autonomia. Em Portugal, implementaram-se, a partir de 2017, medidas em torno da autonomia e flexibilidade curricular. Neste artigo procuramos compreender o quadro jurídico-normativo da Autonomia e Flexibilidade Curricular (AFC), patente nas orientações educativas do Perfil dos Alunos à Saída da Escolaridade Obrigatória, do Currículo dos Ensinos Básicos e Secundário, das Aprendizagens Essenciais, da Estratégia Nacional de Educação para a Cidadania, da Educação Inclusiva e do Programa Nacional de Promoção do Sucesso Escolar. Procedemos a um estudo exploratório, de natureza qualitativa, assente numa abordagem descritiva e interpretativa, centrado num estudo de caso único – a dimensão normativa da AFC em Portugal. Utiliza-se como técnica de recolha de dados a análise documental e como técnicas de análise e tratamento dos dados a análise de conteúdo e a triangulação dos normativos referenciados. Ao nível das intenções declaradas na narrativa da política educativa, preconizam-se medidas inovadoras nos domínios curricular e pedagógico, com vista à melhoria e qualidade do ensino e das aprendizagens, invocando no entender dos autores a necessidade de aprofundar processos substantivos da autonomia das escolas num modelo de administração educacional que em Portugal se mantém centralizado e desconcentrado.
Beneficios de la Investigación-Acción en un Programa de Formación Docente
Authors: Roz Faraco Carmen Cecilia , Pascual Gómez Isabel
Published: March 2021

La investigación en acción ha tenido una gran influencia en la formación docente en las últimas décadas. El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar los beneficios de un proceso de formación colaborativa docente, en el área de psicomotricidad, asesorada por un experto, a partir del diagnóstico de necesidades de los participantes. En un centro en Venezuela, dos profesores de educación física y diez de educación inicial, después de recibir formación, transformaron el abordaje de la psicomotricidad en su centro, diseñando y poniendo en práctica nuevas planificaciones de aula, y procedimientos de detección y derivación de niños con alto riesgo motor. La investigación en acción se inició con un diagnóstico y se desarrolló en tres ciclos que interactuaron entre sí. Para evaluar el proceso se utilizaron varias fuentes y técnicas de recogida de información cualitativas y cuantitativas. Los análisis estadísticos realizados (descriptivos y W de Kendall), permiten afirmar que la formación contribuyó a que los docentes se apoderaran de los conocimientos teóricos y consolidaran cambios significativos en su práctica pedagógica. El aprendizaje reflexivo ha sido un elemento fundamental para avanzar en el conocimiento profesional y autonomía de los docentes, y en la mejora de la educación psicomotora del centro.
Evaluation of TGF-β1 and EGFR in Cleft Affected Lip Mucosa
Authors: Rimdenoka Olga , Pilmane Māra
Published: March 2021

Background. The morphopathogenesis of orofacial cleft development is only partly understood; therefore, it is important to identify factors, which possibly could be involved in it. The aim of the study was to evaluate the distribution of TGF-β1 and EGFR-containing cells in cleft affected lip mucosa.Materials and Methods. The study group included lip mucosa tissue samples from 14 patients with orofacial cleft. The control group contained 11 healthy oral mucosa tissue samples. The tissue sections were stained by immunohistochemistry for TGF-β1 and EGFR. The expression of positive structures was graded semiquantitatively. IBM SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis, Spearman`s rank correlation and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed.Results. Mostly few to moderate number (+/++) of TGF-β1-containing cells was found in epithelium, also the same number of fibroblasts and macrophages was seen in the lamina propria of cleft affected lip mucosa. Meanwhile, healthy oral mucosa on average demonstrated a moderate number (++) of TGF-β1-containing epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and macrophages. A variable, mostly indistinct number of EGFR-containing cells was seen in the epithelium of cleft affected lip mucosa, meanwhile, mostly no (0) EGFR positive cells were found in the epithelium of healthy mucosa. Statistically significantly less TGF-β1-containing cells were found in the epithelium of cleft affected lip mucosa than in the healthy mucosa (U=33.000; p=0.015). Also, the lamina propria of cleft affected lip mucosa showed statistically significantly less TGF-β1 immunoreactive fibroblasts and macrophages than the healthy mucosa (U=28.500; p=0.006).Conclusions. The decreased number of TGF-β1-containing epithelial cells, fibroblasts and macrophages in cleft affected lip mucosa proves the role of problematic tissue remodelation in the cleft pathogenesis. The distribution of EGFR in cleft affected and healthy mucosa is similar and possibly does not play a role in the cleft development of humans.
Negative Real Balance Effects in the Presence of Involuntary Unemployment
Authors: Tanaka Yasuhito
Published: March 2021

We examine positive or negative real balance effect (or so-called Pigou effect) by falls in the nominal wage rate and the prices of the goods in situations where there is involuntary unemployment using a three-generations overlapping generations model with childhood period and pay-as-you go pension system for the older generation consumers. We will show that if the net savings of the younger generation consumers are larger than their debts due to consumption in their childhood period, there exists positive real balance effect and the employment increases by a fall in the nominal wage rate; on the other hand, if the net savings of the younger generation consumers are smaller than their debts, there exists negative real balance effect and the employment decreases by a fall in the nominal wage rate.
Coumestrol content in alfalfabreeding populations
Authors: Tucak M. , Čupić T. , Horvat D. , Krizmanić G. , Ravlić M.
Published: March 2021

Aim. Alfalfa is a rich source of phytoestrogens, among them coumestrol which shows strong estrogenic activity that
can adversely affect the health of domestic animals. The aim of the study was to determine the variation in coumestrol
content in leaves of alfalfa breeding populations, present in the breeding program of Agricultural Institute Osijek in
Croatia. Method. Twelve alfalfa populations were selected based on their high forage yield and good persistence.
Coumestrol was extracted using acidifi ed methanol as an organic solvent from lyophilized and ground alfalfa leaves,
while for detection and quantifi cation was used. Results. Signifi cant differences were observed between the studied
populations with average coumestrol content of 435.67 mg/kg of dry matter (DM). The highest content of coumestrol
was determined in breeding population Rs-21 (619.53 mg/kg of DM). Conclusions. Populations Rs-33 and Rs-20 had
the lowest coumestrol content (82.18 and 86.58 mg/kg, respectively) and present a potential breeding source for creat-
ing new contemporary cultivars with decreased coumestrol content
Experimental infection of brown trout (Salmo trutta), zebrafi sh (Danio rerio), and swan mussel (Anodonta cygnea) with infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPVN)
Authors: Rud Yu. P. , Maistrenko M. I. , Zaloilo O. V. , Liubchenko G. A. , Buchatskiy L. P. , Hrytsyniak I. I.
Published: March 2021

Aim. Although more than 80 fi sh species and some invertebrate aquatic organisms are known to be susceptible to in-
fectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) and aquatic birnaviruses, relatively little is known about its ability to infect
brown trout (Salmo trutta), zebrafi sh (Danio rerio), and a mollusk, swan mussel (Anodonta cygnea). Therefore, the aim
was to study in more detail the effects of IPNV on the said organisms. The information on the virulence of birnaviruses
for aquatic organisms is important for better understanding of their transmission and for the identifi cation of suscep-
tible or transient (symptomless) hosts. Methods. Cell culture method, using RTG-2 cells, was used for in vitro culti-
vation of IPNV as well as virus titer assessment. The supernatants from infected RTG-2 cells were used for artifi cial
inoculation to obtain experimental infection of the fi sh and mollusk. Fish and mollusk behaviour and mortality were
monitored daily. The infectious titer of the virus in experimental animals was assessed by cell culture assay and reverse
transcription PCR (RT-PCR). Results. This paper presents the results of IPNV experimental infection of brown trout
(Salmo trutta), zebrafi sh (Danio rerio), and an aquatic invertebrate mollusk - swan mussel (Anodonta cygnea). The
mortality of brown trout and zebrafi sh was 76.6 and 40 % respectively. Swan mussel was apparently resistant to the
virus, but it apparently accumulated and maintained substantial levels (up to 10 -10 ID 50 /ml -1 ) of the virus for the dura-
tion of the experiment (35 days). The highest infectious titer was found in brown trout (10 6 ID 50 /ml -1 ). In zebrafi sh and
swan mussels, it was up to 10 4.5 ID 50 /ml -1 and 10 2 ID 50 /ml -1 respectively. Conclusions. At the end of the experiments
the IPNV titers were higher than the initial viral doses in brown trout and zebrafi sh, indicating virus reproduction. In
diseasesd fi sh the blackening, whirling and anorexia were observed. It was shown that swan mussel accumulates and
maintains virus for at least 35 days under experimental conditions and that it may act as symptomless vector of IPNV
Biotechnological approaches to the preservation and use of bovine ovarian cumulus-oocyte complexes in the system of reproductive technologies
Authors: Trotskyi P. A. , Shcherbak O. V. , Lyuta I. M.
Published: March 2021

Aim. To study the effect of different concentrations of ethylene glycol and glycerin in equilibration and vitrifi cation
solutions on 1) the viability and further development of frozen-thawed bovine ovarian cumulus-oocyte complexes
(COCs), cryopreserved by vitrifi cation method, 2) on the effectiveness of inseminating mature oocytes, obtained from
them, and 3) on the formation of embryos. Methods. Biotechnological, cryobiological, morphological, cytogenetic,
and statistical methods, as well as methods of statistical data processing were used in the research. Results. The results
of experimental studies on the effect of different concentrations of ethylene glycol and glycerin in the equilibration
solution during cryopreservation of bovine ovarian COCs (n = 502) on their viability and further development after
freezing-thawing are presented. We also show the results of the comparative analysis of cryoresistant properties of
bovine ovarian COCs (n = 560) using different concentrations of ethylene glycol and glycerin, as cryoprotectants, in
the vitrifi cation solution in terms of the viability and maturation of the oocytes, which originated from these COCs,
up to metaphase II of meiosis. A comparative analysis of the application of ethylene glycol and glycerol in differ-
ent concentrations for the equilibration and vitrifi cation solutions in cryopreserving bovine ovarian COCs (n = 220)
demonstrated a relationship between the level of concentration of these cryoprotectants and the number of embryos
after in vitro insemination of mature gametes, obtained from these frozen-thawed COCs. Conclusions. It was found
that the use of 25 % ethylene glycol and 5 % glycerin in the equilibration solution and 10 % ethylene glycol and 40 %
glycerin in the vitrifi cation solution during cryopreservation of bovine ovarian COCs ensures lower toxicity of these
solutions and promotes more effi cient (up to 14.3 %) formation and development of embryos after in vitro insemina-
tion of mature gametes, obtained from these COCs
Extending and maintaining the in vitro collection of (inter)national hop varieties in Ukraine
Authors: Kovalev V. B. , Kozlik T. I. , Protsenko L. V. , Bober A. V. , Kormiltsev B. F.
Published: March 2021

Despite the decline in the national hop production, a part of hop products, made of Ukrainian aroma hop, is highly
estimated in the international market and exported. Therefore, a relevant prerequisite of ensuring a suffi cient level
of competitiveness of domestic hop production is the expansion of its assortment. To satisfy this need the breeders
face the task of creating varieties with unique characteristics, which requires searching for new forms and strains
of hop with increased content of different biologically active compounds in cones. In this regard national research
program aimed to investigate genetic stab ility of hop varieties during multiple planting and storing of explants in in
vitro conditions while introducing them into the collection, adapting the composition of Murashige and Skoog culture
medium for specifi c varieties is discussed. Studies conducted included the analysis of plants by morphological and
variety-specifi c traits, the identifi cation of varieties by biochemical criteria, improvement of hop regenerants using
ELISA, molecular-genetic analysis based on PCR (polymerase chain reaction) for identifi cation of hop genotypes and
determination of genetic stability, and the improvement of method of microclonal reproduction of hop. As a result
of the perennial research of cultivating hop planting material using the Murashige and Skoog complex of nutrients,
the foundations of creating and maintaining the in vitro collection of hop varieties were fi rst elaborated in Ukraine
which allow for the possibility of decreasing the concentration of nutrients in the culture medium by 50 %, replacing
expensive gel-forming preparation for the maintenance of plants in the culture medium - agar-agar, the share of whose
cost in the medium composition is up to 70 %, with a cheaper substance - modifi ed starch DDKamod or agroperlite,
and reducing the expenses for the maintenance of genetic pool in the in vitro collection. It was determined that the
spectra of microsatellite loci of the amplifi ed DNA of the explants, cultivated in vitro, during the study period did not
differ from the spectra of plant DNA prior to cloning, which demonstrated DNA stability and allowed cultivating hop
varieties in the in vitro culture without any changes in the genome. The composition of media for cultivation and long-
term storing of hop varieties in in vitro conditions was selected.
Influence of trace elements, applied in classical and nano forms, on photosynthesis of higher plants in relation to enhancement of crop productivity
Authors: Priadkina G. O.
Published: March 2021

One of the main factors of increasing the productivity of agricultural plants is intensifying the activity of the photo-
synthetic apparatus, since the productivity of crops depends on the ability to absorb solar radiation and convert it into
the energy of chemical bonds for further use in metabolic processes. The amount of photosynthetically active radia-
tion absorbed by crops, in its turn, depends on the area, duration, and activity of the assimilation surface functioning.
The use of fertilizers, that contain trace elements, can further achieve both raising the yield of cultivated plants and
environmental protection. In this regard, the state-of-the-art research on the infl uence of the main trace elements
(iron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, cobalt, selenium, boron, titanium) and one macroelement - magnesium - on
photosynthetic characteristics of plants and crops is discussed. Based on the literature data and the results of our own
research, we documented the effect of trace elements on leaves carbon dioxide exchange rates, the content of photo-
synthetic pigments, the antioxidant enzymes activity, as well as the traits of the photosynthetic apparatus capacity. The
infl uence of nanometals on the content and ratio of pigments, net CO 2 assimilation rate, and the photochemical activity
of photosystems, including the effect of stress factors, is discussed. The specifi cities of the infl uence of nanometals
are discussed and possible mechanisms of the effect of low concentrations of trace elements on plant metabolism are
analyzed. It is shown that trace elements infl uence photosynthetic processes in plants and the systems of their antioxi-
dant protection. The relevance of trace elements in the development of new strategies to elaborate the technologies
of cultivating next-generation plants, including those that will be based on new physical and chemical properties of
macro- and micronutrients in a nano form, is highlighted
Peripheral Nerve Blockade and Botox Treatment in Chronic Migraine: A Comparative Study
Authors: Bilgiç Adnan burak , Akpinar Cetin Kürsad , Boru Ulku Turk , Ramazanoglu Leyla
Published: March 2021

Migraine is the most commonly encountered disabling headache. Chronic migraine significantly affects the quality of life and reduces the ability to attend work and social events, and consequently becomes an increasing economic burden.In recent years, peripheral nerve block with botulinum toxin A (botox) and local analgesics has been included in alternative treatment regimens.In cases of chronic migraine, botox is injected into the facial area, maxillary and mandibular nerve, and the head and neck muscles.Recent methods such as great occipital nerve (GON), and lesser occipital nerve, supra orbital nerve (SON), sphenopalatine ganglion blockade and trigeminal ganglion blockade have been applied using local analgesics. GON and SON blockade are the most frequently used of these methods. Studies related to these methods have shown a decrease in the frequency and severity of migraine pain.The results of this study showed that both GON and SON blockade and long-term application of BTX-A treatment were highly effective in the treatment of chronic migraine and both treatment methods had a similar level of effectiveness.That the follow-up period of this study was longer than in previous research can be considered a strong aspect of the study.
Modelagem multivariada para identificação de fontes de poluição, por meio de parâmetros limnológicos da qualidade da água
Authors: Centeno Luana Nunes , Cecconello Samanta Tolentino
Published: March 2021

A qualidade da água esta diretamente relacionada com os diferentes usos a que se destina, e esta qualidade reflete diretamente nos parâmetros físicos, químicos e biológicos destas águas. Diante isso o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as correlações existente entre os parâmetros de qualidade da água e identificar suas possíveis fontes de poluição, por meio de ferramentas de modelagem multivariada, no Arroio Grande/RS. Para tanto foram utilizados dados secundários de qualidade da água, disponibilizados pela Fundação Estadual de Proteção Ambiental Henrique Luis Roessler. Foi empregada a matriz de correlação seguido da análise fatorial e análise de componentes principais, obtendo-se a formação de três componentes principais extraída através da análise de componentes principais, sendo que na CP1 as possíveis fontes de poluição foram processos de erosão nas margens do manancial e pela ressuspensão de sedimentos do fundo do manancial, já a CP2 pode estar relacionada a despejos domésticos e a CP3 a atividades agropecuárias. Com base neste estudo foi possível concluir que a matriz de correlação possibilitou compreender o relacionamento entre as variáveis, e através da análise fatorial/análise de componentes principais foi possível identificar as prováveis fontes de poluição do Arroio Grande.
Palavras-chave: Análise fatorial; correlação; Arroio Grande/RS; fontes de poluição.
Especificidad y potencialidad del derecho canónico durante la crisis epidémica en Italia
Authors: Ganarin Manuel
Published: March 2021

Ante los decretos del Presidente del Consejo de Ministros para abordar y contener la propagación del Covid-19, la Iglesia católica en Italia ha cooperado con las autoridades civiles para evitar que las actividades eclesiales de reunión pudieran aumentar el riesgo de transmisión de la infección. El artículo pretende llevar a cabo una exploración y una evaluación de fondo de las diferentes medidas adoptadas por las autoridades eclesiásticas –Santa Sede, Conferencia Episcopal Italiana, Conferencias Episcopales regionales, Obispos diocesanos– a la luz de la elasticidad intrínseca del ius Ecclesiae, estructuralmente capaz de diseñar soluciones adecuadas para evitar las aglomeraciones de personas, asegurando al mismo tiempo la plena libertad en el ejercicio de la misión salvífica de la Iglesia, que se expresa sobre todo en la liturgia y en los sacramentos.
Custos catastróficos e sequelas sociais decorrentes do diagnóstico e tratamento da tuberculose no Brasil
Authors: Pedroso Márcia Regina de Oliveira , Guidoni Leticia Molino , Zandonade Eliana , Fregona Geisa , Negri Letícya dos Santos Almeida , Oliveira Sandra Maria do Valle Leone de , Prado Thiago Nascimento do , Sales Carolina Maia Martins , Coimbra Raisa da Silveira , Galavote Heletícia Scabelo , Maciel Ethel Leonor Noia
Published: March 2021

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto dos custos catastróficos no desfecho desfavorável do tratamento da tuberculose. Métodos: Estudo de coorte prospectiva, realizado em cinco capitais de estados brasileiros (Manaus, Recife, Vitória, Campo Grande e Porto Alegre) no período de junho de 2016 a julho de 2018. Empregou-se regressão logística para calcular a razão de chances (odds ratio, OR) e os intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Resultados: Dos 350 participantes, 310 foram incluídos, dos quais 30 apresentaram desfecho desfavorável. Custo catastrófico (OR=2,53 - IC95% 1,13;5,67) e divórcio (OR=5,29 - IC95% 1,39;20,05) aumentaram as chances de desfecho desfavorável. Conclusão: Dificuldades financeiras durante o tratamento da tuberculose podem prejudicar seu desfecho. Os fatores determinantes para o desfecho do tratamento foram custo catastrófico e divórcio.
Durability of clinker reduced shotcrete: Ca2+ leaching, sintering, carbonation and chloride penetration
Authors: Sakoparnig Marlene , Galan Isabel , Steindl Florian R. , Kusterle Wolfgang , Juhart Joachim , Grengg Cyrill , Briendl Lukas , Saxer Andreas , Thumann Maria , Mittermayr Florian
Published: March 2021

The reduction of clinker use is mandatory to lower the negative environmental impact of concrete. In shotcrete mixes, similarly to the case of conventional concrete, the use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) and proper mix design allow for the substitution of clinker without compromising the mechanical properties. However, the impact of the substitution on the durability of shotcrete needs to be further assessed and understood. The results from the present study, obtained from real-scale sprayed concrete applications, show a reduction of the Ca2+ leaching and sintering potential of clinker-reduced shotcrete mixes due to the presence of SCMs. This positive effect, crucial for low maintenance costs of tunnels, is mainly related to a reduced portlandite content, which on the other hand negatively affects the carbonation resistance of shotcrete. Additionally, the hydration of SCMs positively influences the chloride penetration resistance presumably due to a combination of microstructural changes and changes in the chloride binding capacity. Differences found in the pore size distribution of the various mixes have low impact on the determined durability parameters, in particular compared to the effect of inhomogeneities produced during shotcrete application.
Performance of offshore concrete platforms subjected to internal explosion after gas leak
Authors: Prakhya Ganga K. V. , Karthigeyan Vaithilingam
Published: March 2021

The paper describes the assessment of existing concrete structures that support large oil platforms in the North Sea when subjected to internal explosion loads. Internal explosion loads are the result of a gas leak from the pipes inside of a hollow concrete column (shafts) supporting large concrete gravity-based oil platforms. Explosion at base, mid-height and close to the deck support of the column were studied following a gas leak at different zones of pipe networks in the shafts. Explosion models generated pressure–time curves for predicting the structural response. The structural response of the shaft during an explosion is dependent on the interaction of fluid and structure. Explosion models generated dynamic pressure–time history loading to be used in structural safety assessments. Transient dynamic analysis was carried out to assess the structural response and strength assessment was carried out using design codes. As the original designs in the past for most of the existing offshore installations did not include the ‘gas leak’ scenario, the study suggested that a suitable risk assessment for existing installations carrying utilities in the column is carried out to ensure that the structural stability is not compromised.
Shear strengthening of existing reinforced concrete beams with embedded bars – an overview
Authors: Caro Manjola , Dirar Samir , Quinn Andrew , Yapa Hiran
Published: March 2021

This paper presents an overview of the deep embedment (DE) method – also referred to as the embedded through-section method – a promising technique for concrete shear strengthening. The aim of this work was to collate pull-out and beam test results with a view to identifying existing gaps in knowledge. A careful evaluation of pull-out test results showed that, except for the effect of embedded length, the bond performance of DE bars epoxy-bonded into concrete is not fully understood. Analysis of beam test results identified significant gaps in knowledge, particularly with regard to the effect of concrete strength, loading type, shear span-to-effective depth ratio, size effect and DE bar surface coating. Moreover, the analysis of beam test results revealed a novel interaction between steel tension and DE shear reinforcement. Finally, yet importantly, the paper summarises the research required for robust implementation of the DE technique.
The effect of Telomere Lengthening on Genetic Diseases
Authors: BOJKOVİC Marko , CHANDRA Sathees
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Telomeres are a characteristic of chromosomes that have increasingly large significance in research. They are studied in various diseases to discover potential treatment strategies. Their most vital characteristic is their length because the length can be used to describe different characteristics about the cell, such as its age. The length of telomeres can also be used as a potential way to treat disease. This review article’s purpose is to explore how te-lomeres can be potentially used as a method to treat genetic diseases such as trisomy 21 and cancer.
Determination of the Comfort Level and Self-Care Agency of the Women with Urinary Incontinence
Authors: BOZKURT Meltem , NAZİK Evşen
Published: March 2021

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the comfort level and self-care agency of women with urinary incontinence.Material and Method: This descriptive and relationship seeker research was performed in a, gynecology services of a university hospital between February 2016-April 2018. A total of 124 women with urinary incontinence were included in the study The data of the study were collected by using Personal Information Form, Urinary Incontinence and Urinary Frequency Comfort Scale and Self-Care Agency Scale. Data analysis was done using SPSS windows 24.0 package program.Results: The mean score of Urinary Incontinence and Urinary Frequency Comfort Scale of the women with urinary incontinence was 3.35±0.59, and the mean score of SelfCare Agency Scale was 88.09±14.59. A statistically significant moderate positive correlation was detected between Urinary Incontinence and Frequency Comfort Scale and Self Care Agency Scale (r=0.479 p=0.001).Conclusion: It was determined that there is a moderate relationship between the comfort level and self-care agency of women with urinary incontinence in the study.
Is There a Relationship between the Height of the Ethmoid Roof and The Anterior Ethmoidal Artery Tract in Children and Adolescents?
Authors: KEÇELİ Avni Merter
Published: March 2021

Aim: The anterior ethmoidal artery course and the height of the ethmoid roof should be determined in paranasal sinus surgery to avoid complications. In this study, the relationship between anterior skull base height and anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA) anatomy was tried to be determined in children and adolescents.

Methods: The cranial magnetic resonance imaging of participants between 24 months and 18 years of age, who had no cranial pathology between 2014 and 2018, were re-examined. Of the participants, 101 (50.5%) were male. The participants were divided into age groups. All measurements were made in the section on the T2-weighted coronal plane images. The AEA’s entry points into the nasal cavity were determined. The ethmoid roof height was determined according to the line drawn on the medial rectus muscle from the roof.

Results: The ethmoid roof was type II in 97 (48.5%) of all cases. The AEA entry was on the skull base in 131 cases (65.5%) on the right and 154 cases (77%) on the left. In the 25 cases (12.5%), the AEA entry point was asymmetrical. No significant correlation was found between the ethmoid roof depth and AEA entry (p = 0.553 and 0.504).

Conclusion: No relation was found between ethmoid roof height and sex or age. In adults, however, it was found to differ by sex. In MRI examination, the ethmoid roof depth is not a guide for AEA placement in children, which should be considered to avoid complications during operations.
Occlusion of Common Iliac Artery as an Unexpected Complication Following Angioplasty via Retrograde Popliteal Access: A Case Report
Authors: ÇİÇEK Ömer Faruk , ESENBOĞA Kerim
Published: March 2021

Treatment of the lesions located in the popliteal artery and superficial femoral artery are potentially clinical challenge because of the long length of lesions, high- calcium content in the vessel wall and inside the plaques, and individual dynamic forces found within these vessels. Intraluminal or subintimal recanalization of the vessel lumen is achieved mostly by ipsilateral antegrade or contralateral retrograde femoral approach in the treatment of total occlusion of the superficial femoral artery. In the event of failure, retrograde access into the popliteal artery is considered as an essentially different method. In our case report, we aimed to present rescue retrograde popliteal intervention following an unsuccessful antegrade approach which resulted in an unexpected atherothrombotic complication that occurred in the common iliac artery of the contralateral site.