bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Keefektifan Bahasa Pemrograman C++ Sebagai Dasar Pembelajaran Untuk Mahasiswa Teknik Informatika
Authors: Akhmad Syab Zaki
Published: August 2024

Lately, the field of computer science has become increasingly popular among young people who wish to enter the academic world. Graduates from the computer science department are often rumored to become the most sought-after experts in the future. As students begin their academic journey, they will inevitably encounter various programming languages as tools for their studies. As an introduction, professors typically initiate the learning process with popular programming languages such as Java, Python, and C++. In this context, I will analyze various journals and provide answers as to why C++ can be considered an option for students who want to start learning programming.
Implikasi Kecerdasan Buatan dalam Aktivitas Manajemen
Authors: Hanif Rizky Fadil
Published: August 2024

This research focuses on the consequences of advances in Artificial Intelligence Systems on management practices in the coming decade. Much of the attention revolves around comparisons between replacement and upgrading in the context of Artificial Intelligence and the world of work. According to previous studies, machine learning tools are not only able to replace certain tasks, but can also complement human decision-making capabilities. Based on interviews with semi-structured experts, the study provides an early indication that this may be especially true for managers at the top levels of organizations. However, operational and middle managers may experience a more limited impact, with the possibility that most of their tasks can be replaced. As routine supervisory and administrative tasks are automated, there appears to be a shift toward focusing on interpersonal leadership tasks for many managers. There are two future scenarios that can be illustrated to illustrate the impact of Artificial Intelligence on management. On the other hand, the role of algorithmic management is recognized as a crucial element in the coming decade, especially with the continued growth in the platform economy. Given its potential in replacing operational manager duties, further research into the fairness of algorithmic management becomes a must.
Evolusi Sistem Operasi Android: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur
Authors: Raditya Maulana Krisna
Published: August 2024

In the past, mobile phones were only used to make calls, but with the introduction of smartphones, mobile phones have evolved into low-power handheld processing systems. This evolution is due to the operating system for mobile phones that make them sophisticated and have their own processing and storage. Today mobile phones provide many functions from making calls to sending messages, multimedia sharing, email, socializing applications, word processing, excel worksheets to various multiplayer games and much more. The operating systems for these handheld devices are iOS from Apple Inc, Windows from Windows Inc and Android from Google. Among competitors in the smartphone operating system industry, Android holds the largest market share in terms of units shipped worldwide and number of users. Android is an open source operating system based on the linux kernel where applications run on an application framework that controls activities supported by Dalvik libraries and virtual machines that compile and convert all java class files into a single file. There are several virtual machines running simultaneously on a single device that run different applications or application instances. The Android operating system provides memory management, process management to run applications and services. Every android release improves the user experience and brings enhanced features. This paper presents a study of the evolution that each release brings to the android operating system.
Peran Literasi Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi dalam Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Anshori Fajri , Surojudin Nurhadi , Suratman Suratman
Published: August 2024

This article discusses the importance of technological literacy in distance learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. The literature analysis involves four steps, revealing significant adaptations in the education sector. Distance learning requires technology as a link between teachers and learners, but its success depends on adequate technological literacy. This literacy involves understanding from device recognition to information management skills. In the context of distance learning, Technology Literacy and ICT facilitate learning, increase the effectiveness of PES, support communication and collaboration, and encourage the use of technology with socially responsible ethics. The article emphasizes that technology literacy is the key to the success of technology implementation in supporting education in the pandemic era.
AERODYNAMIC FORCES IN INCREASING SPINDLE ACTIVITY
Authors:   Tashkent State Technical University, Uzbekistan, A.S Sadriddinov , I.U Tangirov ,   Tashkent State Technical University, Uzbekistan
Published: August 2024

we implement "aerodynamic forces in increasing spindle activity" in the program "Compass-3D". the topic presents the methodology and results of the graphoanalytical study of the rotating finger kinematics of the multi-finger mechanism belonging to the multi-contour finger mechanism of the vertical spindle drum of the cotton harvester.
TYPES OF DISCOURSE AND DOMESTIC DISCOURSE
Authors:   Andijan State University Teacher Of The Interfaculty Faculty Of Foreign Languages, Uzbekistan, Tajidinovna Khasanova Dilnoza
Published: August 2024

This article discusses the difference between the concepts of discourse and text, the typology of discourse, types of person-oriented discourse, everyday discourse and its uniqueness.
THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN IN THE NEW EDITION PROSPECTS FOR THE RIGHT OF CITIZENS TO PROTECTION THROUGH THE COURT
Authors:   Independent Researcher Of The Academy Of The MIA Uzbekistan, O‘Roqovich Jamolov Baxtiyer
Published: August 2024

In this article, the adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan provides the political and legal framework for the implementation of the new strategy of Uzbekistan aimed at building a social state, in particular, the Constitution provides for the first time in the history of our national statehood that the main goal of building a state is to build a social state.
Pembuatan Game Escape From a Deserted Island Berbasis 3D Menggunakan Unity
Authors: Selamet Rachmat , Christina Maria , Aliman Wilianti , Fernando Vicky
Published: August 2024

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minat belajar peserta didik di SMP kelas 8 terhadap mata pelajaran matematika tergolong rendah. Fenomena ini disebabkan oleh rasa bosan dan kesulitan dalam memahami materi. Untuk meningkatkan minat peserta didik dalam pembelajaran matematika, salah satu strategi yang dapat diterapkan adalah melalui pemanfaatan game.Game Escape From a Deserted Island menggunakan metode pengembangan berorientasi objek dengan model prototyping. Diagram UML yang dipilih untuk pemodelan berupa use case diagram dan class diagram. Metode black box digunakan dalam menguji tampilan antarmuka dan fungsionalitas. Sedangkan untuk pengujian user experience memakai metode kuesioner terhadap expertise, sehingga hasil akhir dari game ini sesuai dengan yang diharapkan.Hasil pengujian terhadap game ini menunjukkan bahwa semua fungsionalitas dapat berfungsi dengan baik, memiliki tampilan yang menarik, instruksi dan alur cerita yang mudah dipahami oleh pengguna. Hasil tersebut diperoleh dari data kuesioner di mana ketertarikan pengguna pada pelajaran matematika sebesar 87%, tampilan antarmuka 90% serta persentase untuk user experience mencapai 89%.
Implementasi Aplikasi Berbasis Augmented Reality dengan Metode Markerless untuk Memperkenalkan Satwa Langka di Indonesia
Authors: Shandi Yusup Jauhari , Stefani Kezia , Ginting Dahlia , Tilis Charles S. Tefa
Published: August 2024

Indonesia memiliki kekayaan satwa langka namun seiring bertambahnya jumlah penduduk dan perubahan lingkungan telah mengancam keberadaan beberapa spesies. Pentingnya mengenalkan anak-anak terhadap satwa-satwa langka adalah bentuk dukungan untuk tetap mempertahankan dan melestarikan satwa-satwa langka tersebut dengan cara menampilkannya dalam bentuk 3D AR markerless dengan tujuan untuk menarik minat anak-anak sebagai alat bantu pengenalan satwa langka yang ada di Indonesia.
Perancangan aplikasi ini menggunakan Pemrograman Berorientasi Objek (OOP) yang merupakan pendekatan untuk pengembangan perangkat lunak dimana struktur perangkat lunak didasarkan pada objek yang saling berinteraksi untuk menyelesaikan sebuah tugas. Penyusunan perancangan aplikasi augmented reality menggunakan metode Markerless yang merupakan metode yang tidak memerlukan marker untuk menampilkan objek virtual. Dengan menggunakan metode SLAM (Simultaneous Location and Mapping) yang artinya pengguna atau pengguna dapat mengakses dan menggunakan aplikasi dimana saja dan kapan saja. 
Dalam perancangan aplikasi metode yang digunakan menggunakan pendekatan SDLC prototyping dengan membuat beberapa diagram UML (Unified Modeling Language) untuk menguraikan cara kerja dalam aplikasi augmented reality yang terdiri dari 3 jenis diagram yakni Use Case Diagram, Activity Diagram, dan Class Diagram. Pembuatan aplikasi yang digunakan yaitu software Unity3D versi 3.4.2 sedangkan untuk membuat desain objek 3D satwa langka menggunakan software Blender versi 3.5. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah aplikasi AR Satwa Langka Markeless dapat di install pada semua perangkat smartphone namun akses kamera pada smartphone hanya berjalan baik pada kondisi lingkungan cahaya yang cukup seperti terang dan redup serta hanya berjalan pada kualifikasi smartphone tertentu yang mendukung ARCore.
From Protests to Progress: Unlocking the Potential of the Nigerian Youth for Political Reform
Authors: Ojo Samson Obaloluwa , Afolaranmi Adebayo Ola
Published: August 2024

In light of persistent political challenges and social unrest in Nigeria, this paper examines the transformative potential of the nation's youth, whose rich history of activism has significantly shaped the country's political landscape. However, despite these historical precedents, contemporary youth engagement remains crucially significant, particularly in light of recent protests that have reverberated across the nation. By examining the historical context of youth activism in Nigeria, this paper elucidates the evolution of past movements and their enduring impact on the country’s political sphere. Furthermore, the paper analyses the contemporary landscape of youth engagement, highlighting the multifaceted nature of recent protests and the underlying catalysts driving them. Of particular significance is the role of social media in mobilizing Nigerian youth, providing a platform for collective action, and amplifying their voices in the public discourse. Despite the undeniable agency demonstrated by Nigerian youth, numerous barriers impede their ability to effect lasting political reform.  In response, this paper proposes a strategic framework for empowering Nigerian youth for leadership, encompassing initiatives such as education and awareness campaigns, the creation of spaces for youth representation in government, and the strengthening of youth-led organizations. In conclusion, this paper advocates for sustained attention and investment in empowering Nigerian youth as catalysts for political reform. Recognizing their agency and potential, stakeholders must work collaboratively to foster an environment conducive to meaningful youth engagement and inclusive governance.
The Impact of Arabic Reading Comprehension on Students’ Writing Skills in Selected Senior Arabic Secondary Schools in Jigawa State
Authors: Bashir Nazifi Idris
Published: August 2024

This study explores the impact of Arabic reading comprehension on students’ writing skills in selected senior Arabic secondary schools in Jigawa State. Through a comprehensive analysis involving reading and writing tests administered to 250 students, the research aims to identify the relationship between students' reading proficiency and their writing abilities. Findings indicate a moderate level of reading comprehension but below-average writing skills. The absence of a standardized curriculum and insufficient teacher training are highlighted as significant factors affecting students' performance. Recommendations include the development of a unified curriculum, enhanced teacher training, and increased resource provision.
Mathematical Modelling of the Thermosolutal Effect on Blood Flow through a Micro-Channel in the Presence of a Magnetic Field
Authors: Butter J. K. , Bunonyo K. W. , Eli I. C.
Published: August 2024

Substances such as mass concentrations in the blood cause circulation challenges. Blood is a substance made up of 55% plasma and 45% hemoglobin, which flows through the blood vessels and is aided by the heart in pumping to all organs and other tissues and cells in the human body. Mathematical modelling plays an important role in understanding the blood circulation problem in the human body, and it helps transform the real-life cardiovascular problem into a system of mathematical equations. In this research, we transformed the real-life cardiovascular problem of the heat effect on mass concentration and blood flow through blood vessels into a system of partial differential equations representing blood momentum, energy, and mass concentration equations after modifying the Navier-Stoke equation. The models are scaled from dimensional to dimensionless using specific scaling parameters. The scaled dimensionless equations were further perturbed and reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations, and the system of ODEs was solved using the Laplace method, where mathematical models representing blood velocity profiles, temperature profiles, and mass concentration profiles were obtained. A numerical simulation was performed using Wolfram Mathematica, version 12, where the effect of the pertinent parameters on the flow profiles was investigated and the results were presented graphically. The variation of the pertinent parameters such as the Grashof number, solutal Grashof number, Prandtl number, Soret number, Schmidt number, Darcy number, and magnetic field affect the flow profile such that the increase in Grashof number and solutal Grashof number causes the blood velocity to increase substantially at the centre of the vessel before decreasing to zero as the wall boundary layer increases, while the increase in Prandtl number and Soret number increases the blood temperature and velocity.
Operating Efficiency and Financial Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Authors: Onaolapo A.R. , Odedoyin M.A.
Published: August 2024

This study has examined the influence of operating efficiency on the financial performance of Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Nigeria. Data used were extracted from the Annual Reports and Accounts of selected twelve (12) listed banks as on May 13, 2021 from 2011 to 2020. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation analysis was employed to determine the relationship between operating efficiency and financial performance of sampled banks. Panel Least Square regression was deployed to analyse the effect of operating efficiency on financial performance of the DMBs while the one-way ANOVA test was engaged in ascertaining significant differences in financial performances of the Systemically Important (D-SIBs) and the Non-Systemically Important (D-NSIBs) Banks. Findings revealed positive significant effect of operating efficiency on financial performance of all DMBs while there was no significant difference in the mean financial performances of the D-SIBs and D-NSIBs in Nigeria over the study period. It is therefore recommended that bank managements exercise due diligence in controlling operating costs of banks and Regulators should pay equal supervisory and regulatory attention to all banks without discrimination as all DMBs have the potential to exhibit systemic importance in the long run.
PENERAPAN MASSAGE EFFLEURAGE TERHADAP NYERI PUNGGUNG IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III DI PUSKESMAS TANJUNG BALAI KARIMUN
Authors: Muti Qurnia  , Arum Dwi Anjani
Published: August 2024

Back pain is one of the most common discomforts felt by third trimester pregnant women during pregnancy. Back pain occurs in 60% to 90% of pregnant women. Non-pharmacological methods, namely by several ways to reduce the frequency of low back pain, among others, with Effleurage massage. Research Objectives Provide midwifery care to pregnant women by applying massage effleurage to reduce back pain. The type of research used in the preparation of practice reports is descriptive research using the case study method. The research was conducted at the Tanjung Balai Karimun Health Center in March 2023. The subjects used in this case study were third trimester pregnant women with back pain problems. Data collection methods are participatory observation, interviews, measurements, documentation. The research instruments were midwifery care format, SOP Massage Effleurage and pain measurement instrument (NRS). After reviewing the case and evaluating the case, there is no gap between theory and practice in the field. Effleurage massage can reduce back pain in third trimester pregnant women. For mothers, it is hoped that they will receive midwifery care during pregnancy according to their needs and increase their knowledge about the services they have received
PENERAPAN AKUPRESUR PERIKARDIUM 6 TERHADAP MUAL MUNTAH PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER I
Authors: Beril Triana  , Prasida Yunita
Published: August 2024

Based to WHO, it reaches 12.5% ​​of all pregnancies in the world. Nausea and vomiting causes a decrease in appetite and changes in electrolyte balance which also results in changes in the body's metabolism. Pericardium 6 acupressure point is considered useful for reducing complaints of nausea and vomiting. The aim of the research is to provide midwifery care for pregnant women in a comprehensive and sustainable manner, with management of midwifery care in accordance with midwifery service standards. The midwifery care that is applied is the application of pericardium 6 point acupressure for nausea and vomiting of pregnant women. The type of research used in the preparation of practice reports is descriptive research using the case study method. The research was conducted at the Tanjung Balai Karimun Health Center in March 2023. The subjects were pregnant women by applying pericardial point 6 acupressure. P6 acupressure was carried out by 3 fingers under the wrist in a circular manner, carried out for 7 minutes every morning. After reviewing the case and evaluating the case, there is no gap between theory and practice in the field. This is consistent with the theory that pericardial acupressure can reduce emesis gravidarum.
PENGARUH SENAM HAMIL DALAM MENGATASI NYERI PUNGGUNG PADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Yuli Yuli fransiska , Linda Suryani
Published: August 2024

Back pain in pregnant women is caused by hormonal changes in the supporting and connecting soft tissues, which results in reduced muscle flexibility. Management to reduce back pain is to maintain good posture by paying attention to the body's mechanisms during pregnancy exercises. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of pregnancy exercise in treating back pain in pregnant women. The research method used is quantitative with Quasi Experimental Design in the form of a one group pretest-posttest method. The sample for this study consisted of 51 pregnant women with a gestational age of > 24 weeks who were selected using a random sampling technique. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test. The results of the research before being given the pregnancy exercise intervention were 28 people (54.9%) experiencing moderate back pain and 23 people (45.1%) experiencing severe back pain. After being given the pregnancy exercise intervention, 31 people (60.8%) experienced mild back pain and 20 people (39.2%) experienced moderate back pain. The results of statistical tests using the Wilcoxon test obtained a ρ-value of 0.000 so it can be concluded that there is an influence of pregnancy exercise in overcoming back pain in pregnant women. The advice given by this research is to implement a structured and regularly scheduled pregnancy exercise program. This can help reduce back pain and improve the well-being of pregnant women.
PEMBERIAN SAYUR PEPAYA MUDA TERHADAP KELANCARAN ASI PADA IBU NIFAS
Authors: Hotma Uli Winda , Dwi Anjani Arum
Published: August 2024

Midwifery care is a complete series of care by midwives covering the entire maternity period, from antenatal to intranatal to neonatal and postnatal including family planning contraceptive counseling. The administration of lactagogue, a substance known to help increase breast milk secretion and production, which is naturally found in papaya, is a widely adopted strategy to overcome the problem of low, or even worse, lack of breast milk production (BMP) in breastfeeding mothers. This study aims to provide comprehensive information on, from antenatal to intranatal to neonatal and postnatal by including family planning. The methods used are interviews, observations and implementation. The subject was Mrs. S who was given boiled young papaya to increase BMP during postpartum care at Hj. Hospital. Bunda Halimah Batam in 2024. The results of the examination given to Mrs. S did not show any significant problems during the antenatal and intranatal periods (which were spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD)), the weight of the newborn was within the normal range, postpartum care to increase BMP was also reported to be no problem, and the subject decided to become a contraceptive acceptor. In conclusion, which can be done independently, during antenatal, intranatal, neonatal, postnatal, and family planning counseling, no significant problems were found. As a suggestion, midwives are encouraged to implement standardized ones starting from antenatal care to contraceptive follow-up that can help monitor and anticipate possible problems or complications early on
PEMBERIAN JUS TOMAT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN IBU HAMIL DENGAN ANEMIA RINGAN
Authors: Khairati Pardila Ulfa , Lestari Nurul Aulia Devy
Published: August 2024

Anemia remains a prevalent health issue today, characterized by a low level of blood hemoglobin, and is the most prevalent type of malnutrition globally. The presence of anemia on the Global Burden of Disease 2004 list, which includes 1.159 billion people globally (approximately 25% of the world's population), demonstrates this. Approximately half of anemia cases are due to a lack of iron. Anemia can be treated non-pharmacologically with tomato juice instead of relying solely on iron tablets. The goal of this ongoing care is to investigate the impact of providing tomato juice to expectant mothers with slight anemia at HJ Hospital. In 2024, Halimah will be in Batam City. The research method used in this Continuity of Care is descriptive research incorporating a case study approach. Tomato juice is administered daily for a week. The easy touch GC Hb is the tool utilized to measure hemoglobin levels both pre and post tomato juice consumption. The study discovered that after consuming tomato juice daily, the mother's hemoglobin level rose by 1.1 g/dl From 9.9 grams per deciliter to 10.9 grams per deciliter. The overall finding suggests that administering tomato juice to expectant mothers with slight anemia has an impact. Pregnant women are advised to drink tomato juice regularly and ensure they rest enough to avoid anemia
PIJAT LAKTASI UNTUK MELANCARKAN ASI PADA IBU POST PARTUM
Authors: Rosa Lubis Melinda , Juni Ekasari Dian , Fahnawal T. Marzila
Published: August 2024

The care provided by midwives throughout the life cycle, including pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum, and family planning, is known as comprehensive midwifery. Midwives provide this care to their patients to carry out their duties as midwives. Lactation massage targets several areas, including the breasts, back, shoulders, and neck. The basic idea behind lactation massage is to induce a state of relaxation in the mother, which in turn increases breast milk production by the hormone oxytocin. Since most women do not produce enough breast milk after giving birth, lactation massage aims to stimulate breast milk production. This is due to the fact that a woman's energy levels will be very different after giving birth compared to when she was pregnant, when her milk supply was more stable and the breastfeeding mother felt calmer. This research uses case study methodology, which is a type of descriptive research. By utilizing trackers. There will be a decrease in calcium levels in breast milk when a postpartum mother uses lactation massage to stimulate breast milk production for thirty minutes, twice a day. After giving new mothers a 30-minute lactation massage, researchers found that their breast milk production increased. In short: Women who have recently given birth can benefit from lactation massage by increasing the amount of breast milk they produce.
Desarrollo de competencias de comprensión lectora (Cassany) de los estudiantes de primaria del aula multigrado de la Institución educativa José Agustín Solano, Barrancas, La Guajira – Colombia
Authors: Martinez Brito Maria Clara
Published: August 2024

El presente articulo denominado “El desarrollo de competencias de comprensión lectora (Cassany) de los estudiantes de primaria del aula multigrado de la Institución educativa José Agustín Solano, Barrancas, La Guajira – Colombia”. Tiene como objetivo, exhibir los beneficios, la coherencia pedagógica y la aplicabilidad del método de Daniel Cassany en un aula de tipo multigrado, teniendo en cuenta el contexto diferenciado social y culturalmente. La metodología del trabajo es de tipo cualitativa, con un tipo de investigación de carácter explicativo, teniendo como técnica principal para la inclusión y presentación de la información en la extensión de todo el análisis del articulo la revisión documental o bibliográfica. Entre los resultados mas importantes del estudio, se encuentra en exhibir la importancia de este teórico pedagógico relacionado con la comprensión lectora y sus procesos para el éxito educativo de los estudiantes, a partir de una metodología de enseñanza coherente por parte de lo docentes, teniendo en cuenta las variables educativas que se presentan en un aula multigrado. Así mismo, propone herramientas alternativas ajustadas a una sociedad globalizada, donde la educacion esta inmersa como elemento constantemente en proceso de retroalimentación por parte de la sociedad.
Active pedagogy in university e-learning for the construction of Social and Emotional Skills
Authors: AZAOUI Safae , BOUMAHDI Abdelaziz
Published: August 2024

In the digital age, digitization impacts many domains, specifically education, which is considered a pillar of economic and social development. In fact, e-learning enables the integration and use of new technologies and generates working methods based on active teaching methods, thus implying innovation in the learning practices adopted by students. However, university teaching presents many difficulties in developing and constructing students' social and emotional skills such as collaboration, creativity, and analytical skills which are necessary for learning and guaranteeing successful integration into the labor market. This quantitative study aims to identify the main activities and active teaching methods used to develop social and emotional skills and focuses on the impact of student active practices in university e-learning on the development of these key skills. To ascertain this, we distributed a questionnaire to Education Sciences students in Rabat and carried out a correlational analysis between active e-learning practices and the construction of social and emotional skills. Our results reveal significant correlations between active pedagogy in university e-learning and the development of social and emotional skills of students. Therefore, our work can contribute to innovative teaching and learning practices, adopting the appropriate active pedagogy for the construction of key competencies.
Keywords: Social and emotional skills - university e-learning - active pedagogies - pedagogical innovation - educational technologies.
Misoprostol oral u oxitocina intramuscular en la tercera fase del parto
Authors: Sarmiento-Piña Maira , Reyna-Villasmil Eduardo , Mejía-Montilla Jorly , Reyna-Villasmil Nadia , Torres-Cepeda Duly , Rondón-Tapia Martha , Briceño-Pérez Carlos
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: Comparar la efectividad del misoprostol oral vs. oxitocina intramuscular en el manejo de la tercera fase del parto. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles en pacientes embarazadas tratadas con misoprostol oral (grupo A) u oxitocina intramuscular (grupo B) para el manejo de la tercera fase del parto. Se analizaron las características generales, valores de hemoglobina y hematocrito, perdida hemática post-parto y efectos adversos. Resultados: Los datos se obtuvieron en 191 en el grupo A y 197 en el grupo B. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos en las características generales. Tampoco se encontraron diferencias significativas en los valores promedio de hemoglobina - hematocrito post-parto, duración de la tercera fase del parto y perdidas sanguíneas entre los grupos, así como en el uso de uterotónicos adicionales y necesidad de hemoderivados. Las pacientes del grupo A presentaron mayor frecuencia de escalofríos, diarrea, náuseas y fiebre comparado con el grupo B (p < 0,05). Conclusión: El misoprostol oral es igual de efectivo que la oxitocina intramuscular cuando se usa como agente farmacológico para el manejo de la tercera fase del parto.
Motivaciones y razones del embarazo adolescente en un grupo de madres jóvenes atendidas en la Maternidad del Hospital Santo Tomás de la ciudad de Panamá
Authors: Flores Castro Haydeé , Mendoza Alba , Poveda Carlos , Martínez Ligia , De León Ruth G. , Rosales Katherin
Published: August 2024

Introducción: En Panamá el embarazo adolescente es un importante problema de salud pública, más que por sus cifras, por sus repercusiones biopsicosociales.
Objetivo: Conocer las motivaciones y razones que llevan a una adolescente a convertirse en madre. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo. La muestra fue 204 adolescentes. Se utilizó cuestionario estructurado-tipo entrevista. Resultados: La edad media fue de 17.6 años. El 72.1% tiene madre/hermana con antecedentes de embarazo adolescente. El 57.4% atribuye su embarazo a la falta de control de los impulsos. El 30.4% revela que su embarazo fue deseado. El 38.2% de estos embarazos corresponden a sentimientos de invulnerabilidad frente al embarazo; 15.7% a una baja autoestima. Las razones del embarazo ligada a los anticonceptivos son las siguientes: 33.4% miedo a usarlo; 25% falta de conocimiento; 22.5% falta de dinero; 11.3% sentimientos de vergüenza al solicitarlo. Conclusiones: La copia de un patrón reproductivo intergeneracional se constituyó en la principal razón del embarazo. El deseo de maternidad para dar sentido a la vida, fue una de las más señaladas. Dentro de los embarazos no deseados, más de la mitad señaló la falta de control de los impulsos. Las razones de índole familiar, como escapar a los problemas del hogar, fueron los menos señalados.
Mentiras, engaños y el trabajo de las revistas
Authors: Reyes Osvaldo
Published: August 2024

En el 2011 un profesor del departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia de la Universidad de Melbourne (Australia) se encontró con una nota de remoción de un artículo científico. Este tipo de noticias siempre llaman la atención de los investigadores y se puso a leer. La notificación aclaraba que los datos presentados en el artículo retirado eran idénticos a los presentados en otra publicación previa, pero de España. La diferencia radicaba en que el artículo original estudiaba pólipos y el artículo retirado, miomas.
Mismos datos, patologías diferentes. La decisión de los editores de la revista fue la correcta, ya que, aunque nada es imposible, es poco probable que ese grado de similitud fuera fruto del azar. Solo para ponerlos en contexto, la probabilidad de que dos oraciones de veinte palabras sean escritas de manera idéntica en dos revistas diferentes (por autores diferentes) está en el rango de 1 x 10-80. En el reino de las estadísticas, es equivalente a “casi imposible”. Si a esto agregamos datos numéricos, se pueden imaginar que el número de 0 será mucho mayor y la posibilidad mucho más baja.
El profesor, quien era en ese momento editor de una prestigiosa revista de la especialidad, se tomó la tarea de ser más precavido con los manuscritos recibidos. Poco después recibió un manuscrito con datos, a su parecer, manipulados y lo rechazó, solo para descubrir que el mismo artículo, con los datos maquillados, había sido publicado en otra revista un año después.
¿A qué nos lleva todo esto? A recordar que los artículos que leemos pasaron por las manos de muchas personas, que no dejan de ser humanos. Si de un extremo tenemos a alguien con deseos de mentir, hay posibilidades de que las mismas pasen desapercibidas hasta que salgan impresas en el papel y aun así puede pasar mucho tiempo hasta que alguien descubra el engaño.
¿Cómo podemos evitarlo? Primero, del lado del investigador. Recordar por qué se investiga y que las mentiras pueden tener consecuencias en las vidas de muchas pacientes. Si a pesar de esto, su prestigio, posición académica o el dinero son más importantes, entonces está en la profesión equivocada. Que su conciencia sea su jurado y verdugo.
Del lado de los receptores, la detección dependerá de factores como el nivel del plagio (mientras más extenso, más probable); la experiencia del revisor y, de ser posible, el uso de herramientas de inteligencia artificial. Aun cuando se les tiende a estigmatizar, pueden ser muy útiles en este proceso. Con su capacidad de revisar en segundos millones de páginas de datos, artículos publicados y sitios de internet, la posibilidad de mentir y escapar con éxito se reduce.
Actualmente se estima que del 60 al 90% de los plagios serán detectados antes de la publicación.
Casi 100, pero no es una victoria absoluta. Solo nos queda desde esta plataforma abogar a su lado científico, apoyar a la ética en la investigación y recordarles las consecuencias del fraude. Después de todo, las mentiras del día de hoy pueden ser las normas de mañana.
Acidosis tubular renal distal en lactante debida a variante en el gen ATP6V0A4. Reporte de caso
Authors: Martinez Avendaño Claudia Lorena , Endo Cáceres Jorge Alberto , Olea Ospina Geraldine , Ordoñez Tandeoy Jorge Luis
Published: August 2024

Introducción: La acidosis tubular renal (ATR) incluye una clínica diversa que depende del sitio anatómico en el que se encuentre la alteración tubular, diferenciándose cuatro tipos de ATR. La acidosis tubular renal distal (ATRd) o Tipo I es una condición clínica poco frecuente (1:100.000 niños) que es debida a causas primarias o genéticas; en los niños con frecuencia se han encontrado alterados los genes ATP6V0A4 y ATP6V1B1 en forma homocigota, lo que causa una disfunción de la bomba ATPasa de H+ de las membranas apicales en el túbulo distal generando una inadecuada secreción de hidrogeniones traduciéndose en acidosis metabólica hiperclorémica persistente, con trastornos hidroelectrolíticos que pueden generar alteraciones en el metabolismo óseo, alteraciones renales, gastrointestinales y falla para crecer. Conclusión: El diagnóstico oportuno, seguimiento y tratamiento adecuados pueden evitar las complicaciones y permitir un adecuado crecimiento durante la infancia.
Cigarrillos electrónicos: una breve actualización sobre su consumo por adolescentes y sus efectos sobre la salud
Authors: Diaz Atencio Virginia
Published: August 2024

La mayoría del consumo de productos de tabaco comienza durante la adolescencia y los productos de tabaco han evolucionado para incluir varios productos como los cigarrillos electrónicos.
Los cigarrillos electrónicos resultan muy atractivos entre los jóvenes principalmente por la disponibilidad de sabores, la exposición a la comercialización de productos de tabaco, la curiosidad y las percepciones erróneas sobre su seguridad u poca repercusión en la salud en comparación con el daño causado por el uso de cigarrillos convencionales.
Se ha encontrado asociaciones entre el uso de cigarrillos electrónicos y el uso posterior de cigarrillos convencionales en adolescentes y también se describe una fuerte asociación entre estos dispositivos y la utilización subsecuente de alcohol, marihuana, y otras drogas.
La regulación de los sistemas electrónicos de administración de nicotina varía significativamente entre países. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) recomienda a los gobiernos crear reglamentaciones para evitar que los no fumadores empiecen a consumir estos productos, impedir que el hábito de fumar vuelva a normalizarse en la sociedad y proteger a las generaciones futuras.
Corruption through the Lens of Various Ethical Theories
Authors: Siddhartha Sashya
Published: August 2024

This essay delves into the intricate dynamics of corruption in the context of businesses navigating regulatory and compliance requirements in new markets. The analysis examines how various ethical theories—relativism, consequentialism, deontology, utilitarianism, Kantianism, shareholder theory, and stakeholder theory—interpret and judge corruption. Through a detailed literature review, the paper explores the deep-rooted cultural, economic, and ethical dimensions of corruption. It also discusses potential solutions to curb corruption, emphasizing the need for stringent legal frameworks, community engagement, and transparent governance. The essay concludes by highlighting the critical role of both shareholders and stakeholders in fostering ethical business practices and ensuring sustainable growth.
A Case Report of Unrespectable Liver Metastases from Cancer Rectosigmoid Colon with Survival Greater Than 6 Years and Clinical Benefit after Multidisciplinary Treatment
Authors: Cherkaoui B. , Belrhali I. , Ibrahimi S. , Caliez O. , Zelek I. Cojean , Mrabti H. , Ghissassi I. El , Errihani H.
Published: August 2024

Introduction Colorectal cancer represents 1,271 new cases per year in Morocco, However, over the last 30 years we have witnessed a significant increase in the overall survival of metastatic patients due to the arrival of new molecules.  Case Presentation We report the case of a 51 years old african female patient diagnosed for a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the rectosigmoid junction MSS, wild RAS/BRAF, treated with colorectal protection and lymph node dissection, followed by 6 cycles of fulfol- cisplatin as an adjuvant. the follow up revealed the appearance of hepatic masses. The liver biopsy was performed showing a secondary localization of an adenocarcinoma of digestive origin. The patient received four lines of the chemotherapy, anti-EGFR antibodies and immunotherapy following the guidelines. However, since no KRAS NRAS BRAF mutation was detected at the DNA level circulating tumor, no rechallenging of the anti- EGFR was possible. The hepatic progression continued with appearance of pulmonary lesions, the decision was made for a palliative care.  Conclusion Our case highlights that due to the emergence of new effective molecules currently available, associated with a dedicated onco-surgical approach, more patients will be able to benefit from prolonged survival that did not seem achievable at the time of diagnosis.
Inner and Outer Races Bearing Damage Detection using Low-cost Fault Detecting Sensors
Authors: Arrosida Hanum , Susanto Agus , Asngali Bi , Aufaa Muzakky Athfal
Published: August 2024

Bearings are small components of a machine used in various industries. However, bearings have an important role in transferring energy from the main motor to other parts. Therefore, monitoring the condition of the bearings is very necessary to keep the production process running smoothly. The study provides a new perspective that bearing damages were analyzed by low-cost sensors, namely the Accelerometer sensor (ADXL-335) and Arduino Uno. The results showed that the low-cost sensor developed in this study was able to detect damage to the ball bearing. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) signal processing tool works compatible with the low-cost sensor and could be used to determine the type of damage to the bearing by analyzing the signal frequency spectrum. In this process, there were several frequencies that appear with characteristics related to the condition of the bearing. The working frequency of the shaft rotation on the bearing with normal conditions was 10 Hz, the frequency with damage to the inner race of the bearing was 55.52 Hz, and the bearing with damage to the outer race included a frequency of 34.47 Hz.
THERAPEUTIC GENE EDITING FOR HEMOGLOBINOPATHIES
Authors: Testa Ugo , Leone Giuseppe , Cappellini Maria Domenica
Published: August 2024

In the last ten years, a consistent number of clinical studies have evaluated different gene approaches for the treatment of patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and transfusion-dependent b-thalassemia (TDT). Initial studies of gene therapy for hemoglobinopathies involved the use of lentiviral vectors to add functional copies of the gene encoding b-globin in defective CD34 cells; more recently, gene editing techniques have been used involving either CRISPR-Cas9, transcription activation-like effector protein nuclease, zinc finger nuclease, and base editing to either induce fetal hemoglobin production at therapeutic levels or to genetically repair the underlying molecular defect causing the disease.
Here, we review recent gene editing studies that have started the development of a new era in the treatment of hemoglobinopathies and, in general, monoallelic hereditary diseases.
Keywords: Gene editing; gene therapy; Hemoglobinopathies; Thalassemia; Sickle Cell Anemia.
BLINATUMOMAB IN THE THERAPY OF ACUTE B-LYMPHOID LEUKEMIA
Authors: Testa Ugo , Pelosi Elvira , Castelli Germana , Chiusolo Patrizia
Published: August 2024

Blinatumomab, a CD19-CD3 bispecific T cell engager (BiTE), has two recombinant single-chain variable fragments that temporarily link CD3+ T cells and CD19+ B cells, leading to the T cell-mediated lysis of neoplastic B cells. Improved minimal residual disease (MRD)-negative response rates and long-term overall survival have been observed in B-ALL patients who received this drug. These therapeutic successes have led to FDA approval for refractory/relapsed and MRD-positive B-ALL patients. Furthermore, recent studies in newly diagnosed B-ALL patients have led in Philadelphia chromosome-positive patients to the development of chemotherapy-free regimens based on tyrosine kinase inhibitors plus Blinatumomab and in Philadelphia chromosome-negative patients to improvement in outcomes using chemotherapy regimens that have incorporated Blinatumomab in the consolidation phase of treatment.
ANORECTAL PATHOLOGIES IN THE COURSE OF ACUTE LEUKAEMIAS; PREDICTIVE PARAMETERS.
Authors: Yılmaz Fatma , Saglam Bugra , Gorduk Ufuk , Kalan Ugur , Afacan Öztürk Hacer Berna , Gunes Ahmet Kursad , Albayrak Murat
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Patients with leukaemia are exposed to infections as long as they are neutropenic. During this period, anorectal pathologies are among the common foci of infection with high mortality. We aimed in this study to investigate the factors that may have a predictive effect for early diagnosis and rapid intervention in perianal complications occurring in neutropenic patients diagnosed with leukaemia.
Materials and Methods
A total of 90 patients with acute leukaemia, including 45 patients with anorectal pathology and 45 patients without anorectal pathology, were analysed. Demographics, blood group, BMI, haemogram and biochemical parameters at the time of diagnosis, types of perianal pathology were recorded.
 Results
In the group of patients with anorectal pathology, WBC, lymphocytes, monocytes, LDH were significantly (p<0.05) higher and platelets, MPV, PCT were significantly (p<0.05) lower.
The multivariate model showed significant-independent (p<0.05) efficacy of WBC and MPV values in differentiating patients with and without anorectal pathology. A significant efficacy was observed at the WBC cut off of 17000 [area under the curve 0.656 (0.542-0.770)] and at the MPV cut off of 10 [area under the curve 0.667 (0.554-0.780)] in differentiating patients with and without anorectal pathology.
Discussion
Anorectal pathologies are common foci of infection in patients with acute leukaemia. Having predictive parameters that may help for early intervention will help the clinician. This is the first study in the literature comparing a control group and a group with anorectal pathologies in leukaemia patients and providing a cut-off for WBC.
Incidence and risk factors of anaemia among people on antiretroviral therapy in Harare
Authors: Mandikiyana Chirimuta Linda A. , Shamu Tinei , Chimbetete Cleophas , Part Chérie
Published: August 2024

Background: Anaemia is associated with reduced quality of life and increased mortality risk among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces the prevalence of anaemia, some patients remain at risk after commencing ART.Objectives: We estimated the incidence of anaemia after ART commencement and identified associated risk factors.Method: We analysed outpatient records at Newlands Clinic, Harare, Zimbabwe. Patients (≥ 5 years old) who were commenced on ART between January 2016 and December 2020 were included and were followed up for up to 2 years. Patients with anaemia at ART commencement and women who were pregnant at any time during follow-up were excluded. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess independent risk factors for anaemia.Results: During the study, 1110 patients ≥ 5 years old were commenced on ART with a prevalence of anaemia of 40.0%. Five hundred and twenty-nine patients met the inclusion criteria and were followed up for 823.7 person-years. The median age was 36.1 years and 290 (58.4%) were female. The incidence rate of anaemia after ART commencement was 176.1 per 1000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 149.6–207.2). Females (aHR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.46–3.00, P  0.001), zidovudine use (aHR: 3.50 96% CI: 2.14–5.71, P  0.001), age 5–12 years or 50 years, and the presence of World Health Organization stage III/IV disease (aHR: 2.19; 95% CI: 1.14–5.71, P = 0.019) had higher odds of developing anaemia.Conclusion: The incidence of anaemia after ART commencement was high. Female sex, zidovudine use, age and the presence of stage III/IV disease were independent risk factors for anaemia. Clinicians should screen PLHIV on ART regularly for anaemia. What this study adds: This study found a high incidence of anaemia among PLHIV after commencing ART and identified several risk factors.