bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Onset of chaotic gravitational lensing in non-Kerr rotating black holes with quadrupole mass moment*
Authors: Wu Wen-Hao , Zhang Cheng-Yong , Shao Cheng-Gang , Qian Wei-Liang
Published: May 2023

In the electromagnetic channel, chaotic gravitational lensing is a peculiar phenomenon in strong gravitational lensing. In this study, we analyze the properties and emergence of chaotic gravitational lensing in the Manko-Novikov black hole spacetime. Aiming to better understand the underlying physics, we elaborate on the boundaries of the accessible region through analyses of the contours of the effective potentials. The latter is associated with the two roots of a quadratic equation. In particular, we explore its interplay with an ergoregion, which leads to specific features of the effective potentials, such as the emergence of a cuspy edge and the formation of a pocket, which serve as static constraints on the geodesics. Additionally, we investigate the properties of the radial and angular accelerations at the turning points in photon trajectories. The accelerations are further examined and may provide kinematic constraints on the geodesics, as argued herein. It is concluded that the onset of the chaotic lensing is significantly related to both constraints; as a result, an arbitrary slight deviation in the incident photon is significantly amplified during evolution through an extensive period, demonstrating the complexity in the highly nonlinear deterministic gravitational system.
Timing and Single-pulse Study of Pulsar J1909+0122 Discovered by CRAFTS
Authors: Chen Yutong , Wang Pei , Li Di , Gügercinoğlu Erbil , Zhao Rushuang , Meng Lingqi , Yuan Jianping , Niu Jiarui , Zhu Weiwei , Feng Yi , Miao Chenchen , Niu Chenhui , Wu Qingdong , Wang Na , Wang Shen , Xie Xiaoyao , Xue Mengyao , Yao Jumei , Yuan Mao , You Shanping , Yu Xuhong , Yue Youling , Zhang Jie , Zhang Junshuo , Zhang Lei , Wang Yabiao , Gan Zhenye , Li Yuxi , Sun Zhongyi , Wang Chengjie
Published: May 2023

We report the discovery of PSR J1909+0122 by the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST) as part of the Commensal Radio Astronomy FAST Survey. PSR J1909+0122 has a spin period of 1.257 s and a dispersion measure of 186.2 pc cm−3. The averaged pulse profile shows two distinct components. We performed a single-pulse study based on a one-hour observation at 1.25 GHz on 2021 August 23. We used a threshold of 5σ
ep to measure the nulling fraction (NF) as 63% ± 1.5%. The longitude-resolved fluctuation spectra and fast Fourier transform spectra of the binary sequences revealed the quasi-periodicity of nulling with a period of 30 rotation periods. We examined the reliability of the periodicity by comparing it to random noise injection. The NF,

E

̇

, and modulation periodicity P

M
of PSR J1909+0122 were compared with other periodic nulling pulsars, showing that the source of J1909+0122 has the second largest NF in the population. Long-term timing observations over six months were used to derive the phase-connected ephemeris of this pulsar. The measured P and

P
̇

values disfavor dipolar geometry for polar gap models, and the prediction for a space-charge-limited flow model in the case of inverse Compton scattering is only just above the death line. In this work, PSR J1909+0122 has revealed possible correlations between nulling behavior and pulsar properties, which will help to shed light on the pulsar emission mechanism and its temporal evolution in future observations.
Study of the Long-term BVR

c

I

c
Photometric Variability of Eight PMS Stars in the Young Open Cluster Trumpler 37*
Authors: Ibryamov Sunay , Zidarova Gabriela , Semkov Evgeni , Peneva Stoyanka
Published: May 2023

This paper reports results from our long-term BV(RI)
c
photometric CCD observations of eight pre-main sequence stars collected from 2008 June to 2022 October. These stars are located in the young open cluster Trumpler 37, in the field of GM Cephei. The observational data indicate that all stars from our study exhibit variability in all-optical passbands, typical for young stars. In this paper, we describe and discuss the photometric behavior of the stars and the possible reasons for their variability. For two of the objects, we identified periodicity in their light variation.
Brain model state space reconstruction using an LSTM neural network
Authors: Liu Yueyang , Soto-Breceda Artemio , Karoly Philippa , Grayden David B , Zhao Yun , Cook Mark J , Schmidt Daniel , Kuhlmann Levin
Published: May 2023

Objective. Kalman filtering has previously been applied to track neural model states and parameters, particularly at the scale relevant to electroencephalography (EEG). However, this approach lacks a reliable method to determine the initial filter conditions and assumes that the distribution of states remains Gaussian. This study presents an alternative, data-driven method to track the states and parameters of neural mass models (NMMs) from EEG recordings using deep learning techniques, specifically a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network. Approach. An LSTM filter was trained on simulated EEG data generated by a NMM using a wide range of parameters. With an appropriately customised loss function, the LSTM filter can learn the behaviour of NMMs. As a result, it can output the state vector and parameters of NMMs given observation data as the input. Main results. Test results using simulated data yielded correlations with R squared of around 0.99 and verified that the method is robust to noise and can be more accurate than a nonlinear Kalman filter when the initial conditions of the Kalman filter are not accurate. As an example of real-world application, the LSTM filter was also applied to real EEG data that included epileptic seizures, and revealed changes in connectivity strength parameters at the beginnings of seizures. Significance. Tracking the state vector and parameters of mathematical brain models is of great importance in the area of brain modelling, monitoring, imaging and control. This approach has no need to specify the initial state vector and parameters, which is very difficult to do in practice because many of the variables being estimated cannot be measured directly in physiological experiments. This method may be applied using any NMM and, therefore, provides a general, novel, efficient approach to estimate brain model variables that are often difficult to measure.
Research on the simulation of SVG for online de-icing on distribution lines
Authors: Zou Diao , Mao Xiyin , Yang Qi , Zhang Lusong , Lv Qianyong , Zhang Qili , Zhang Yizhao , Bang Guobang
Published: May 2023

The distribution network connects with families, more branch circuit breakers, more and more users rely on power in winter, which requires higher and higher reliability requirements for power supply. The power supply department is facing greater pressure to stop distribution line for de-icing. In view of the above reasons, this paper first briefly introduces several measures of de-icing without power failure, and selects the technical route of injecting reactive power at the end of the line for online de-icing; secondly, it introduces the principle of SVG device generating reactive power, which uses reactive power to generate heat loss in the distribution network line for on-line de-icing, and then proposes an improved reactive power outer loop control strategy to make it equivalent to current source De-icing device; Finally, a simulation model is built in PSCAD. Taking a 5km ACSR (LGJ-120) line with 5.4Mvar reactive power injected at the end of the line as an example, it can be seen that the line current reaches more than 500A due to the injected reactive power. The simulation results prove the effectiveness of the method. Considering its economy, it provides a feasible way for the distribution network with important loads Electric deicing scheme.
Optimal reconfiguration of distribution network based on deep fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm
Authors: Yang Qiang , Zhao Ergang , Ma Xin , Xu Lina , Du Xiuju , Luo Xin
Published: May 2023

This study examines the best distribution network reconfiguration to enhance distribution network safety and reduce active power loss. Distribution networks can be reconfigured using a deep fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering method with the objective of the least amount of active power loss. By creating a novel framework, the size of the neural network is lowered by modifying the number of neurons in input layer. With the simulations tested on IEEE 33-bus distribution network, the outcomes of traditional approaches, such as the Branch-and-Cut and the switching algorithms, are contrasted with the simulation results. The comparative results clearly show advantages to employing the suggested framework for distribution network reconfiguration, such as a quick turnaround time far quicker than the alternatives. These characteristics demonstrate how well the suggested paradigm may be applied to distribution network real-time reconfiguration.
Fuzzy evaluation of substation switching misoperation risk based on CRITIC-G1 method
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Chen Xiao , Jin Guihong , Zhang Li , Luo Xianyao , Pan Jun
Published: May 2023

In order to prevent the risk of misoperation in the process of substation switching operation more effectively, a fuzzy evaluation method based on the combination weighting model of CRITIC-G1 method is proposed. Firstly, on the basis of taking into account the effectiveness and feasibility, the key factors affecting the safety and correctness of the substation switching operation are comprehensively considered, and the risk evaluation index system of the substation switching misoperation is established; Then, the index volatility and conflict obtained by the CRITIC method is used to modified the G1 subjective weighting method, and the weight value is calculated; Furthermore, the normal membership function is introduced to realize the fuzzy evaluation. Finally, 5 substations belonging to different operation teams are taken as examples to verify the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Acquisition approach of moment of inertia based on brushless DC torque motor
Authors: Wang YaoYao , Feng Wei , Chen ShuHeng , Xian Feng Tian Jiang , Kuan Ye Lun , Gu DaWei
Published: May 2023

In order to meet the requirements of the small moment of inertia of the brushless DC torque motor, the optimal design of the shafting and the research on the measurement method were carried out on the basis of the structure of the flat motor rotor and the high-precision sensor. In this paper, ProE5.0 software is used to model and simulate the shaft structure of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. After comparing the common measurement methods of the moment of inertia, the single-wire torsional oscillation method is used to test and verify the moment of inertia of typical structural parts. The moment of inertia of the motor rotor is simulated and identified by the speed jammer identification algorithm.The test results show that the identification error of the constructed identification algorithm is less than 5% for the moment of inertia identification. After the brushless DC torque motor is assembled, the method can be used as a verification method for the parameters of the moment of inertia, which has strong practical significance.
Smart wheelchair controlled by head gesture based on vision
Authors: Komang Somawirata I , Utaminingrum Fitri
Published: May 2023

Head Gesture Recognition has been developed using a variety of devices that mostly contain a sensor, such as a gyroscope or an accelerometer, for determining the direction and magnitude of movement. This paper explains how to control a smart wheelchair using Head-Gesture Recognition based on Computer Vision. Using the Haar Cascade Algorithm Method for determining the position of the face and nose, determining the order of the head gesture would be easy to do. We classify head gestures to become four, namely: Look down, Look up/center, Turn right and Turn left. The four gesture information is used to control the smart wheelchair as Brake, Accelerate, Turn right and Turn left. The experiment result shows that our system has successfully controlled the smart wheelchair using head gestures.
Adaptive transmission construction based on polar codes
Authors: Shu Bingxin , Lei Jing , Lu Xinjin , Cheng Jianghua
Published: May 2023

In actual communication scenarios, wireless transmission channels have the nature of heterogeneity. In order to ensure that data can be transmitted with high reliability and low delay, this paper designs a quasi-optimal polar code that can adapt to various channel environments, which called Q-polar code. Based on the polarization theory of polar codes and the channel state information (CSI), the index set of polar codes is designed and constructed to perform data transmission tasks. The simulation results show that the bit error rate (BER) performance of proposed scheme can be improved compared with traditional polar code, especially when the code length N is small and the code rate is large.
Comparison of logistic regression and artificial neural network model for apron allocation assignment
Authors: Purahong B , Teerapanpong S , Satayarak N , Benjangkaprasert C
Published: May 2023

Management of the parking apron is one of the most essential airport ground service operations for flight operations to run smoothly. Effective airport ground service management will have a direct effect on the cost and duration of flights. Therefore, in this paper, we address the issue of using machine learning techniques, such as logistic regression analysis and artificial neural network (ANNs) models, for classified targets of stand locations assignment of an arriving flight. Also, this could assist ground controllers to assign apron allocation and improve the efficiency and predictability of airport operations which reduce the time required for airport ground processing to increase flight capacity. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, simulation results reveal that ANN has the lowest error rate and the highest accuracy. Therefore, ANN is the effective classification technique for this data set.
Deep transfer learning for brain tumor detection based on MRI images
Authors: Tenghongsakul Kasi , Kanjanasurat Isoon , Archevapanich Tuanjai , Purahong Boonchana , Lasakul Attasit
Published: May 2023

Brain tumors are among the main causes of cancer-related mortality in humans. Early detection of brain tumors is a vital job in the medical task of diagnosis and cure planning for patients. The automatic detection greatly facilitates medical personnel. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an accepted imaging strategy for diagnosing brain tumors. Presently, deep learning approaches have proven effective in handling various computer vision problems, such as image classification, because of their high performance and also determine models that can learn and decide based on sample data. In this study, the deep transfer learning method, namely InceptionResNet-V2, ResNet50, MobileNet-V2, and VGG16, was used to compare and find the most suitable model for brain tumor detection from the public MRI dataset. Also, CLAHE was employed as an image enhancement technique to improve the quality of the image data set before being used as the model input. As a result, the suggested method performed a prediction accuracy of up to 100%.
Beam optics simulation of the ion injector for sodium Beam Emission Spectroscopy (Na-BES) on EAST
Authors: Wang P. , Hu G.H. , Xu G.S. , Zoletnik S. , Anda G. , Dunai D. , Wang Y.B. , Wang Y.F. , Yan N. , Zang Q. , Yang Q.Q. , Chen R. , Wang L.
Published: May 2023

To upgrade the Li-BES to Na-BES on Experimental Advanced
Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), a high-brightness and stable sodium
(Na) ion source is developed, and the performance of Na ion beam
optics is simulated by the COMSOL Multiphysics. The porous tungsten
disk with 70% porosity and filled with albite
Na2O·Al2O3·6SiO2 is successfully
developed as the Na ion source. The extracted current density of the
Na-beam increases with the extraction voltage, and its maximum
current can reach 9 mA with the ion source diameter of 20 mm. The
lifetime of the Na ion source is evaluated to be 63 mAh, which is
much longer than that of the Li ion source. The simulation shows
that the preferable distances among the ion source (or anode
electrode), extractor and puller to get the well-focused beam are
 x
puller - x
extractor ∼ 0.06 m and
 x
extractor - x
ion source ∼ 0.02 m. Further
simulation with these optimized distances determines the extraction
voltage and ion source size for good beam performance. In addition,
the simulation shows the beam divergence angle decreases by more
than 40% by optimizing the Einzel voltage to 5 kV, suggesting an
excellent focusing property of the Einzel lens. These works provide
the basis and the design references for the Na-BES development on
EAST.
Casimir energy for spinor fields with δ-shell potentials
Authors: Fucci Guglielmo , Romaniega César
Published: May 2023

This work analyzes the Casimir energy of a massive spinor field propagating in flat space endowed with a spherically symmetric δ-function potential. By utilizing the spectral zeta function regularization method, the Casimir energy is evaluated after performing a suitable analytic continuation. Explicit numerical results are provided for specific cases in which the Casimir energy is unambiguously defined. The results described in this work represent a generalization of the MIT bag model for spinor fields.
Development of Shallots Seedling Based on Farmer Groups in Pangandaran Regency, West Java Province
Authors: Surdianto Y , Nurawan A , Sutrisna N , Wiratno  , Susanto H , Hamdani K.K. , Nadjib N. An.
Published: May 2023

Shallot seed based on farmer groups was developed at the Situ Hyang Farmer Group, Pangkalan Village, Langkaplancar District, Pangandaran Regency, West Java Province, from July to December 2021. Activities consist of (1) a Demonstration of shallot seed production in an area of 1 ha involving 20 participatory farmers; (2) Technical guidance to increase farmer capacity; and (3) Initiation of a shallot production system based on farmer groups. The objectives of this assessment are: (1) To produce certified shallot seeds; (2) Increase farmer capacity in terms of shallot seed production technology; (3) Growing farmer groups as shallot seed breeders. The data collected consisted of (a) Characteristics of the research location, (b) Certified shallot seed yields, (c) Knowledge, attitudes, and skills of farmers before and after the implementation of technical guidance. Data on the characteristics of the research location and the yield of certified shallot seeds were analyzed descriptively and then tabulated to make them more informative and easier to understand. The results of the study showed that: (1) certified seeds of the Bima Brebes and Trisula varieties amounted to 3.79 tons and 0.57 tons, respectively; (2) Technical guidance with denfarm media is effective in increasing the ability of farmers in shallot seed production technology, (3) The development of shallot seeds is carried out using a systems approach and technological and institutional assistance by shallot breeders based on farmer groups.
Development of a mobile application for forest and land fire patrol using Prototype method
Authors: Nuradi E , Sitanggang I S , Trisminingsih R , Syaufina L , Rahmawan H , Ardiansyah F , Wulandari
Published: May 2023

A previous study has developed a mobile application for recording field data during Sumatra, Indonesia’s forest and land fires patrol. After users tested the usability, the user’s need for the system increased due to the new environmental characteristics in the forest and land fire patrol area. This study aims to develop a mobile application that is easy to use by the patrol team to support forest and land fire prevention patrols. The system development continues the mobile application proposed in the previous study. The system development method used is Prototyping, with stages starting from communication; quick design; rapid design modelling; prototyping; dissemination, delivery, and feedback. The application was built using the Ionic 3 framework using the REST API from the back-end module. The development was conducted in two iteration stages, namely the third and fourth iterations. The third and fourth iterations resulted in changes in the user interface, added auto-fill features, and downloaded reports. Applications developed in each iteration were tested using the Black-Box method. The test results from each iteration show that all functions in the application work properly and meet the user requirements.
Moderating Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) risk in the relationship between investment decisions and firm value
Authors: Stiadi Doni
Published: May 2023

Investment decisions of companies and investors consider aspects of the company's financial performance and relate to the company's environmental responsibility from company activities. Corporate environmental responsibility can be implemented in its attention to the Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG). This study aims to analyze the role of ESG risk in moderating the relationship between investment decisions and firm value in the ESG Leader Index (IDXESGL) group of companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Sample selection was based on a purposive sampling of 30 companies for the 2020-2022 period with 4 IDXESGL index evaluation periods, so 20 companies were selected, and the total observation data was 80 observations. Analysis of the research data used the structural equation model (SEM) method with the Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis technique. The analysis results show that ESG risk moderates the relationship between investment decisions and firm value. Therefore, the smaller the company's ESG risk will increase the influence of investment decisions on company value, and in the future, the company will continue to grow sustainably.
Realizing Zero Delta Q Due to the Change of Land-Use Using Horizontal Recharge Pipe
Authors: Susilo Edy , Budiningrum Diah Setyati , Kustirini Anik
Published: May 2023

Though recharge buildings such as recharge wells and bio pores have widely been implemented in the field, their design to reduce flood runoff is not as expected. This study aims to formulate recharge using the porous horizontal recharge pipelines (HRP) as a basis to calculate the needs of HRP purposely to achieve zero ΔQ due to the changes in land use. The experimental method uses PVC pipe 20cm in diameter, 2m; 4m; 6m; and 8m in length, with the middle part connected with a 100 cm high vertical pipe. The horizontal pipe was perforated with a pipe wall porosity of 0.006; 0.012; 0.018; 0.024; and 0.048 and wrapped in geotextile. The observation of the infiltration recharge -was conducted by filling the water and observing the decrease in the water level using the sensor and recording. The decline in water level was converted into infiltration recharge -for each high water pressure. The research was conducted in a horizontal pipe with holes below the groundwater surface on clay soil with a 6.89x10-7 cm/sec permeability. It was then found the correlation between infiltration recharge -and pipe wall porosity, pipe length, and water pressure height were obtained in the form of a regression equation of Q=0.0972*P0.025*L0.193*H2,179 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9136. The HRP implementation to meet zero ΔQ due to the changes in land use using the rational method has been produced in graphical form, while the hydrograph method was presented in the case form. In the Silandak watershed, with an area of 10.30 km2, there was an increase in the coefficient of drainage from 0.39 in 2002 to 0.58 in 2019. To achieve zero ΔQ of flood hydrograph of a 50-year return period, 4200 HRP units are needed. Thus, HRP can overcome flooding due to changes in land use. However, this research must still be developed by adding pipe diameter and soil permeability variables.
The Increase of National Sugar Production as a Form of Achieving the 2nd SDGs through Mutation Breeding
Authors: Hartatik Sri , Buchori Dwi Mai Abdul Imam
Published: May 2023

Bululawang has been cultivated under increasing environmental pressures every year. Environmental pressures are accepted as one of the impacts of global climate change. This condition will cause a decrease in genetic ability, which can impact decreasing yields. The achievement of point 2.4 SDGs, especially in sugarcane, can be achieved through a sugarcane plant breeding program to improve and increase the genetic quality of several sugarcane varieties often cultivated in Indonesia. Mutation breeding to create high-yielding sugarcane varieties has been carried out by the Plant Breeding Laboratory of the University of Jember to increase national sugar production. Mutation breeding to produce superior sugarcane varieties has been carried out by the Plant Breeding Laboratory of the University of Jember to increase national sugar production. This study aims to obtain new high-yield varieties using the Bululawang variety as the parent. Mutation breeding using EMS mutagen resulted in three selected genotypes (M1, M2, and M3), further developed and tested for multilocation. The selected locations are Sukorambi-Jember District, Arjasa-Jember District, and Pakem-Bondowoso District. This study focuses on the agronomic characteristics and yield components of three mutant sugarcane compared to the Buluawang variety as the parent. Bululawang, M1, and M3 genotypes had high yield stability in all test sites. On the other hand, the M2 genotype was declared a specific-location genotype based on the Finlay and Wilkinson, Eberhart and Russell, and AMMI parametric stability tests.
Effect of flour-based feed of Tenebrio molitor l. on fresh water lobster (Cherax quadricarinatus von Martens) seed growth
Authors: Subchan W , Susilo V E , Widodo N , Nizam R F
Published: May 2023

Feed according to nutrient requirements is a major aspect to support optimum growth of C. quadricarinatus. Commontly, farmers still use fish flour as a source of feed nutrients. However, the price of fish flour often fluctuates. While, T. molitor L. flour has potential to be an alternative feed ingredient for C. quadricarinatus because of its high nutrient content. This study aims to determine the effect of feed based on T. molitor L. flour on C. quadricarinatus growth, which is measured by parameters of wet biomass (gram/week), dry biomass (gram/week), carapace length (mm/week), FCR, and FUE (%/week) during the research period. The research was carried out in March-September 2021 at the Animal Laboratory of the Biology Education Study Program, University of Jember. The test animals used were C. quadricarinatus seeds aged 80 days with wet biomass (4±0.3grams) and carapace length (23±0.6mm). This study was an experimental design using a completely randomized design, consisting of 2 treatments 1 control with 3 replications each. The results showed that feeding with flour-based T. molitor L. had a significant effect on the growth of wet biomass (p=0.047), dry biomass (p=0.046), and carapace length (p=0.011). However, FCR and FUE showed no significant effect (p=0.089; p=0.162 respectively).
Phytoplankton Population as Phytoremediation Agents in Jatibarang Landfill Leachate Pond of Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Nofiyanto Erwin , Soeprobowati Tri Retnaningsih
Published: May 2023

Remediation of microalgae from leachate is less explored because of its very high level of pollutants such as ammonia-nitrogen, heavy metals, inorganic salts, and organic chlorinated. Moreover, leachate poisons many organisms. This study aimed to determine the phytoplankton species in the leachate pond Jatibarang landfill, Central Java, Indonesia, and as an effort in phycoremediation. Sample was obtained from 4 stations; Inlet pond (J1), aerobic pool (aeration pool) (J2), sedimentation pond (J3), and pond outlet (J4). The results showed two phytoplankton species, Chlorella sp. and Chlamydomonas sp. Based on the abundance of Chlorella sp., the highest number was found at sedimentation pond with an average of 54,904 cells L-1, followed by pond outlet with an average of 17,449 cells L-1, aerobic pool with an average of 8,869 cells L-1, and pond Inlet with an average of 3,424 cells L-1. Chlamydomonas sp. was only found at pond Inlet with an average of 12,375 cells L-1. Further, the BOD decreased from station 2, 3, and 4 with percentages 12%, 29%, and 32%, respectively; COD gained 28%, 33%, 33%, respectively; and TSS, respectively, gained 22%, 35%, and 30%. To sum up, the pond’s water quality as producing leachate in Jatibarang landfill concerning pH, DO, and Cd are still below the leachate quality standard. Whereas the BOD, COD, and TSS exceed leachate quality standards.
The Impact of Cropping Systems on Rice Production in Rice-Based Intensive Agroecosystems
Authors: Komalawati K , Prasetyo T , Arianti F D
Published: May 2023

Agricultural technology is one method used to increase agricultural output. The jajar legowo (jarwo) planting system and a transplanter machine are agricultural technology that are believed to increase rice production. This study aimed to determine the viability of lowland rice farming using different cropping systems and transplanter machines. The research was done in the Village of Kragan, Gondangrejo Sub-district, Karanganyar District, during the third planting season (MT III) of 2021. The activity was conducted on 2,7 hectares of rice fields owned by farmers and treated with (1) manual tiles, (2) manual jarwo, and (3) jarwo with a transplanter machine. Early-maturing rice variety M70 D was planted. The data were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. Superior varieties of early maturing rice planted in a row legowo with the assistance of a transplanter machine produced the highest GKP rice productivity of 9,390 kg/ha, an increase of 6.7% over manual jarwo treatment and an increase of 17.37% over the existing tile/existing planting system. Jarwo with transplanter also generated the greatest profit, IDR 30.558.285 (RCR = 2.33) or greater (16.32 per cent) than manual jarwo and 29.34 per cent greater than the current planting system. At a price of IDR 4,400/kg HDG and a yield between 8,000 and 9,390 kg HDG/ha, the TIP is between 4,030,85 and 4,416.23 and the TIH is between 1,888,78 and 2,316.44. Thus, the jarwo planting system employing a transplanter machine has been demonstrated to be very feasible and practicable at the research site. Government and extension services must play a role in the socialization of jajar legowo and the significance of agricultural mechanization in the plantation so that farmers can directly benefit.
Population Dynamic of Brown Plant Hopper, Predators and Neutral Insects in Irrigated Rice of Yogyakarta after Insecticides Application
Authors: Pustika Arlyna B. , Sudarmaji  , Kobarsih Mahargono , Indrasari Siti Dewi , Kristamtini  , Widyayanti Setyorini , Anshori Arif , Purwaningsih Heni , Yolanda Kiki
Published: May 2023

Brown Plant Hopper (BPH) infestation in irrigated rice agroecosystem resulted yield loss. The application of insecticides by farmers are usually excessive, reducing pest population and negatively affecting the predators. This research aimed to define the impact of insecticides on the population dynamic of BPH, predator and neutral insects which influenced rice yield. Research was conducted at Yogyakarta, Indonesia, during May to September 2021. Randomized Block using four replications was applied. Rice varieties Inpari 32 HDB and Inpari 42 GSR were planted. Insecticide with active ingredient spinetoram 120 g/l and triflumezopyrim 106 g/l were applied to the rice plant on day 40th then pimetrozin 50% was applied at day 50th. Results showed that BPH population was reduced from 30-50 nymph per 30 plants to 10 nymph at day 12th after pimetrozin 50% application or at the day 2nd after spinetoram and triflumezopyrim insecticides application until day 50th. In contrast, BPH population in all insecticide plants was significantly lower than in all control and did not increase until harvest. On the other side, predators such as Paederus sp and Coccinelids were not affected by all insecticides, except Ophionea sp, Spiders and Cythorinus sp. However, their population recovered at day 30th after first insecticides application. Within the fluctuated population of BPH, rice productivity of Inpari 32 HDB and Inpari 42 GSR applied with insecticides were 9.52 ton ha-1 and 10.60 ton ha-1, while Inpari 32 HDB control and Inpari 42 GSR control 9.44 ton ha-1 and 10.72 ton ha-1
Nutritional aspects and amino acid profiles of tempe from local, imported, and black soybean relating to the functional properties
Authors: Tamam B , Puryana IGBP , Suratiah  , Sutiari NK
Published: May 2023

Soybean (Glycine max L) is a legume rich in protein, fat, vitamins, minerals and fibre. The nutritional value of soybeans and the amino acid profiles of the processed fermented soybean (Tempe) products need to be studied. Soybean and Tempe flour from black soybean, local soybean (Anjasmoro variety) and imported soybean (USA soybean) were analyzed proximately, including carbohydrates (spectrophotometric method), protein (Kjeldahl method), fat (Soxletation method), fiber (gravimetric method), and water content (gravimetric method). The amino acid profile of Tempe flour was measured by UPLC and LC/MS/MS methods. Local soybeans had the highest protein content (45.19%), followed by black and imported soybeans (36.87% and 35.95%, respectively). The protein content of local soybean Tempe flour was the highest (45.83%) compared to other soybean Tempe flour. The fiber content of local and black soybean Tempe flour (14.79% and 13.81%, respectively) was higher than that of imported Tempe. Amino acid profiles test of black soybean Tempe flour, local soybean, and imported soybean showed that the amino acids L-Glutamic Acid, L-Arginine, L-Leucine, and L-Aspartic Acid had the highest amounts compared to other amino acids, ranging from 30-75 thousand ppm. This shows that various soybeans affect the amino acid composition of the soybean protein. The amino acid content of Tempe from local soybeans is higher than the amino acid content of tempe from black and imported soybeans. This may influence the amino acids or peptides’ functional properties, such as antihypertensive and antimicrobial properties. Continuous research in vitro and in vivo should be conducted to explore the functional properties of Tempe flour from local soybean.
Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of cascara syrup with the addition of lemon (Citrus limon) extract
Authors: Arpi N , Muzaifa M , Andini R , Widayat H P , Nilda C , Nisa F
Published: May 2023

Cascara is a drink made from dried coffee cherry skin that has the potential aspects to be further developed into syrup. The processing of cascara syrup with the addition of lemon (Citrus limon) is expected to produce a preferred syrup. This study aims to determine the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of cascara syrup with the addition of lemon extract. This study used a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors, the concentration of cascara extract (C1 = 20% and C2 = 25%) and lemon extract (L1 = 0%, L2 = 3% and L3 = 5%). The parameter analyzed were pH, total soluble solid (TSS), total fenol, vitamin C and hedonic taste. The results showed that the addition of lemon affects the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of the cascara syrup produced. The higher cascara extract added, the total soluble solid of cascara syrup produced will be increased. The more lemons added, vitamin C content and the hedonic taste also increase, but pH value decreased. The best treatment was obtained from cascara syrup with 25% cascara extract and 5% lemon extract (C2L3) with a pH value of 3.91; total soluble solid 4.89 °Brix; vitamin C 10.83 mg/100g; total phenol 31.62 mg/ml and hedonic taste 3.72 (like).
The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of four types of honey against several bacteria
Authors: Suhartatik N , Karyantina M , Lestari E
Published: May 2023

Honey is a natural animal-derived product from flower nectar. Honey’s flavonoid, organic acid, and phenolic contents may function as natural antioxidants and antimicrobials. Previous findings showed that adding honey into avocado juice still leaves total contamination in a relatively high amount. This research aimed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of four types of honey against several test bacteria. The research employed the completely randomized design (CRD), with the first factor being the types of honey, including the honey produced byApis melliferafrom the nectar of wildflowers (AMBL), the honey produced byApis dorsata(AD), the honey produced byApis melliferafrom the nectar of kapok flowers (Ceiba pentandra) (AMBR), and the honey produced byTrigonasp. (TG). The second factor was the types of test bacteria, includingEscherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, andStaphylococcus aureus. The MICs were determined using the modified Kirby-Bauer method. The honey was also tested for its antioxidant ability, total titratable acidity, pH, and sugar. The MICs of the AMBL and AMBR honey againstE. coli, S. Typhi, andS. aureuswas 50% (v/v), the MIC of the AD honey againstE. coliandS. typhiwas 6.25% (v/v), the MIC of the AD honey againstS. aureuswas 12.5% (v/v), the MIC of the TG honey againstE. coliandS. aureuswas 12.5% (v/v). The MIC of the TG honey againstS. typhiwas 6.25% (v/v). The highest antioxidant activity was obtained from the TG honey (49% RSA DPPH).
A Study of Microbiological Contamination Potential in Red Guava Juice Products (Psidium guajava l.) in Surakarta City
Authors: Mustofa Akhmad , Astuti Beti Cahyaning , Yuliastuti Eko , Fatmawati Apriyanti Puja , Suhartatik Nanik
Published: May 2023

Red guava juice is one of the fruit juice favorites in Surakarta. Consuming red guava juice is believed to improve the body’s immunity. Fruit juice consumption is part of a healthy life habit. With a change in life habits now increased, a great number of fruit juice sellers along the streets of Surakarta City. This research aimed to investigate potential microbiological contaminations in the red guava juice products sold in Surakarta City. This research involved red guava juice sampling and analysis for total plate count (TPC), total coliform count, total Staphylococcus count, and total Salmonella-Shigella count. The results showed that the levels of contamination in the red guava juice samples were relatively high. The following results were obtained from the red guava juice samples: TPC between 3.29 ± 4.65 and 8.88 ± 0.22 log CFU/ml; total coliform count between 1.54 ± 2.18 and 4.57 ± 0.21 log CFU/ml; total Staphylococcus count between 3.82 ± 0.47 and 7.18 ± 0.21 log CFU/ml; and total Salmonella-Shigella count between 1.41 ± 1.99 and 4.76 ± 0.08 log CFU/ml. By and large it can be said that the red guava juice products sold in Surakarta City had yet to meet the standard for consumption and that it is important for the government to take an immediate measure to address this issue.
The Effect of Citric Acid Addition on Physicochemical and Organoleptic Characteristics of Young Coconut Meat (Cocos Nucifera, L.) and Butterfly Pea (Clitoria Ternatea) Sheet Jam.
Authors: Yenrina Rina , Novelina  , Putra Dava Perdana
Published: May 2023

Sheet jam is a modification of jam with the characteristics of a sheet, sweet and not sticky. This research aimed to know the effect of adding citric acid on the physicochemical and organoleptic properties of young coconut meat and butterfly pea sheet jam. The design used in this research was a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan’s new multiple range tests (DNMRT) at a 5% significance level. The treatment in this research was adding citric acid at 0%, 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8% of the total materials. The results showed that the addition of citric acid to young coconut meat and butterfly pea sheet jam had a significant effect on water content, ash content, pH value, water activity, folding test, colour analysis, antioxidant activity, anthocyanin content, sugar content, total dissolved solids, total plate number, and sensory characteristic. Citric acid can be added to produce young coconut meat and butterfly pea sheet jam.
Preliminary Study of Seaweed-Base Irradiated Food
Authors: Kadir I , Benita A M , Pratama I M , Lasmawati D
Published: May 2023

Research has been carried out on seaweed-based irradiated functional food ingredients (carrageenan and alginate). This research aimed to determine and analyze the effect of irradiation on the Physico-chemical and microbiological quality of seaweed-based food ingredients. Sample preparation was carried out by preparing carrageenan and alginate flour, then packaged and irradiated with gamma rays at doses of 3, 5, and 7 kGy (0 kGy as control). Samples were stored at room temperature immediately after irradiation and then tested for Physico-chemical properties (moisture content, pH, water activity (aw), protein content, ash content, and viscosity) and microbiological properties (total aerobic microbes, total coliform, total molds and yeast). The results showed that the radiation dose of 3-7 kGy was effectively improved the hygienic quality of seaweed-based functional food (carrageenan and alginate) and optimum at a dose of 5-7 kGy, without changing the water content, pH, and aw. Meanwhile, the viscosity of the material increases with increasing radiation dose.
Materials clustering of Soto Sokaraja as an effort to accelerate halal certification
Authors: Hidayat Hety Handayani , Wijayanti Nur , Situmorang Sawitania Christiany Dwi Utami Boru
Published: May 2023

Soto Sokaraja is made from various types of raw materials. Consequently, SMEs difficult to implementing a halal assurance system in order to obtain halal certificate. Therefore, this study was conducted to cluster the raw material of Soto Sokaraja with K-means. In this study, 35 materials were identified in the manufacture of Soto Sokaraja which included raw materials, auxiliary/additional materials and packaging materials. However, there are only 5 materials (14.28%) that have been halal certified. The results of the clustering of materials that have not been certified halal are 20% including the cluster of critical materials and 80% of non-critical materials. This is valid and in accordance with the LPPOM MUI critical material identification guidelines. With the results of this clustering, it can make it easier for SMEs to focus on critical materials to suit the implementation of the halal product assurance system, thereby speeding up the process of applying for halal certification.
Isolation and identification of protease producing bacteria from belacan depik, a traditional fermented fish of the Gayo tribe
Authors: Muzaifa M , Murlida E , Nilda C , Rozali Z F , Rahmi F
Published: May 2023

Belacan depik is one of typical fermented fish product of the Gayo people. As a fermented product, scientific studies on microorganisms are still very limited. This study aims to isolate, characterize and identify bacteria from belacan depik especially those that capable of breaking down protein. This research is an exploratory research with implementation stages including the manufacture of belacan depik, isolation and characterization of bacteria, screening of protease producing bacteria and molecular identification. Four pure isolates were obtained at the isolation stage with varying morphological and biochemical characteristics. The screening results showed that only two isolates were able to break down the protein which was indicated by the formation of a halo zone during the test. These two bacteria were identified molecularly as Bacillus subtilis strain JS32V and Staphylococcus hominis strain OsEnb_ALM_C9. These two isolates need further confirmation of their ability as starters in improving the quality of belacan depik.
In Vivo Evaluation Of Antioxidant Activity Of Flavonoid Glycoside Extract FromTamarillo (Solanum betaceum Cav)
Authors: Astiti Asih I.A.R. , Manuaba I.B.P. , Berata Ketut , Rita Wiwik Susanah , Suirta Wayan
Published: May 2023

The tamarillo fruit is thought to have strong antioxidant properties and includes vitamins and other nutrients vital to human health. A randomized posttest-only control group design was used in the experimental trial, which tested 24 Wistar rats. After ethanol and flavonoid glycoside extract was administered, Cu-ZnSOD expression was dramatically increased, and the MDA concentration was markedly decreased. Rats with the highest levels of physical activity received an oral dose of a flavonoid glycoside extract, boosted Cu, ZnSOD expression, and lowered MDA levels in the liver tissue. The findings showed that flavonoid glycoside extract’s antioxidants could maintain Cu, ZnSOD levels in the rat liver with maximum physical activity. According to the findings of this study, it can be said that in contrast to CuZnSOD expression and MDA content in Wistar rat liver tissue that did not receive flavonoid glycoside extract, flavonoid glycoside extract from tamarillo was much more able to increase CuZnSOD expression and decrease MDA content.
Black Mangrove Powder Extracts with Variation of Temperature and Length of Time using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE)
Authors: Haslina H , Larasati D , Sani E Y , Nazir N , Sudjatinah
Published: May 2023

Black mangrove fruit, which is often found in mangrove forest regions of Indonesia, is one source of natural antioxidants that has the potential to be utilized as raw material for functional foods. This investigation focused on black mangrove powder extracts' chemical and phytochemical contents using an ultrasonic-assisted extraction technique. 70% ethanol was used as a solvent for the extraction process. Temperature and extraction time were the two treatments used in this study. A1=30°C, A2=35°C, and A3=40°C for the extraction temperatures, and B1=15 minutes, B2=20 minutes, and B3=25 minutes for the extraction times. Total phenol, total flavonoid, tannin, vitamin C, and antioxidant activity were among the test’s parameters. This research used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two components and three replications. Furthermore. To identify the ideal concentration of black mangrove powder extracts, the data were statistically evaluated using ANOVA at a significance level of 95%, and then processed using DX13.0® Software’s Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Optimal Custom Design tool. The ideal circumstances were attained at a temperature of 50°C for 10 minutes, with a desirability value of 0.80. It is anticipated that the best option will result in a yield of 38.34%. nutritional breakdown: crude fibers at 1.88%, ash at 0.33%, fat at 1.332%, protein at 4.40%, and water at 9.17%. and phytochemical components, including tannins (0.11%), total phenols (1778.07 g GAE/g), flavonoids (92.11 g GAE/g), vitamin C (5.84 mg), and antioxidant activity (43.33%). This research suggests that the conversion of black mangroves into nutrient-rich products has an increase in added value and has potential nutritional and phytochemical contents.