bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new specimen of Chasmosaurus belli (Ornithischia: Ceratopsidae), a revision of the genus, and the utility of postcrania in the taxonomy and systematics of ceratopsid dinosaurs
Authors: MAIDMENT SUSANNAH C. R. , BARRETT PAUL M.
Published: May 2015

A previously undescribed chasmosaurine specimen excavated in 1919-1920 by William Cutler from the Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta, Canada is referable to Chasmosaurus belli. The specimen comprises an almost complete skull in which, uniquely among Chasmosaurus, the cranial elements are disarticulated, allowing detailed examination of their morphology for the first time. The complete braincase is present and allows comparison with the braincase of other ceratopsians. The specimen also preserves an uncrushed and undistorted postcranium, including cervical, dorsal and sacral vertebrae and limb elements. The vertebral column of Chasmosaurus has never previously been described in detail, and NHMUK R4948 affords the opportunity to examine it because of the unparalleled state of vertebral preservation. A proliferation of new chasmosaurine genera has recently been described; many of them differ from each other only in details of frill and epiparietal morphology. Several of these are based on specimens previously referred to Chasmosaurus. As a result, the characters that distinguish Chasmosaurus from other Campanian chasmosaurines are unclear. However, the genus Chasmosaurus and species within the genus are diagnosable and valid based on unique combinations of characters and frill morphology. Detailed examination of the postcranial morphology of a variety of centrosaurines and chasmosaurines has highlighted previously undescribed synapomorphies for the two major ceratopsid clades, concentrated in the pectoral girdle and forelimb. Inconsistencies in the vertebral formula of specimens referred to Chasmosaurus belli suggests that the postcrania of ceratopsids may vary between species and genera far more than previously thought, and that postcranial characters should be incorporated into phylogenetic and taxonomic studies.
Studies on species of Holarctic Pardosa groups (Araneae, Lycosidae). VII. The Pardosa tesquorum group
Authors: KRONESTEDT TORBJÖRN , MARUSIK YURI M.
Published: May 2015

Three species, Pardosa eskovi sp. nov. (Russia: Yakutia and Evenkia), P. logunovi sp. nov. (Mongolia and Russia: Altai and Tuva), and P. zyuzini sp. nov. (Mongolia and Russia: Altai, Tuva, Chita Area) are described. Redescriptions are provided for the widely distributed P. tesquorum (Odenwall, 1901) (Siberian-Nearctic) as well as for P. mulaiki Gertsch, 1934 (western Nearctic) and P. tesquorumoides Song & Yu, 1990 (China and ? Mongolia). All species are assigned to the Holarctic Pardosa tesquorum group (westernmost records from the Polar Ural). Pardosa paratesquorum Schenkel, 1963 (China and Mongolia) is redescribed but excluded from the P. tesquorum group. Pardosa daqingshanica Tang, Urita & Song, 1994 is a junior synonym of P. paratesquorum.
Cercicladia australis, a new carnivorous sponge with novel chelae from the Tasman Basin and the Argentine Patagonian Margin (Porifera, Cladorhizidae)
Authors: RIOS PILAR , KELLY MICHELLE , VACELET JEAN
Published: May 2015

Recent expeditions around New Zealand have revealed a surprising diversity of carnivorous sponges (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida, Cladorhizidae). This is especially true for the Macquarie Ridge to the southwest of New Zealand, with high numbers of new species recently recorded. In this work we describe a new genus and species of Cladorhizidae Dendy, 1922 from the Macquarie Ridge, Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov., which has also, surprisingly, been found in the deep Atlantic off the coast of Patagonia. In addition to the mycalostyles and sigmancistras typical of Cladorhizidae, this presumably carnivorous species is characterized by the presence of toxas, microxeas, and a new type of spicule termed 'cercichelae' hereafter. The new genus Cercicladia gen. nov. has been named for these spicules, which resemble the shuttle-shaped chelae of Cercidochela lankesteri Kirkpatrick, 1907, now synonymised with Isodictya Bowerbank, 1864. The specimens from these disjunct locations are almost identical, except for the presence of acanthosubtylostyles in a few specimens from Patagonia.
Taxonomic status of Parapercis elongata (Teleostei: Pinguipedidae), with comments on its authorship
Authors: YAMANAKA TOMOYUKI , IMAMURA HISASHI , YOSHINO TETSUO
Published: May 2015

The validity and authorship of Parapercis elongata are discussed. Although Fourmanoir (1967) has been considered to be the author of P. elongata, Fourmanoir (1965) satisfies the nomenclatural requirements associated with the availability of species names and P. elongata Fourmanoir, 1965 has priority over P. elongata of Fourmanoir, 1967. Although the holotype of P. elongata was not able to be conclusively determined, no significant differences were recognized between the original description of P. elongata and the holotype and non-types of Parapercis alboguttata (Gunther, 1872). Accordingly, P. elongata Fourmanoir, 1965 is determined to be a junior synonym of P. alboguttata.
A new sinistral turriform gastropod (Conoidea: Mangeliidae) from Taiwan
Authors: BONFITTO A. , MORASSI M.
Published: May 2015

The examination of six specimens of a most peculiar sinistral turrid species from Taiwan housed at the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle Paris (MNHN) led us to the recognition of a new species. These specimens resemble members of the Oenopotinae Bogdanov, 1987 recently placed in the Mangeliidae P. Fischer, 1883 (Bouchet et al., 2011; Puillandre et al., 2011).
Review of Paracerella Imadate (Protura: Acerentomidae, Nipponentominae) with identification key and description of a new species
Authors: SHRUBOVYCH JULIA , SMYKLA JERZY
Published: May 2015

Paracerella americana Imadate is redescribed based on the type material. The original description is corrected and supplemented with new characters, including head chaetotaxy, seta length, porotaxy and shape of the male squama genitalis. Paracerella monterey sp. nov. is described from specimens that were originally part of the "Paracerella americana type series". Paracerella americana is characterized by presence of seta P1a on tergites I-VI and absence of seta on tergite VII, presence of 4 P-setae on sternite I, and concave hind margin of the comb on tergite VIII. Paracerella monterey sp. nov. is characterized by absence of seta P1a on tergites I-VII, presence of 2 P-setae on sternite I, and straight hind margin of the comb. A key to Paracerella species is provided.
Scanning electron microscopy of eggs of Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus (Diptera: Culicidae, Aedini)
Authors: MARCONDES CARLOS BRISOLA , MÜLLER GERSON AZULIM , SANTOS-MALLET JACENIR , ALENCAR JERONIMO , SARMENTO JULIANA SOARES , DOS SANTOS CLAUDINEY BIRAL , REZENDE HELDER RICAS
Published: May 2015

The study of egg morphology is useful for the identification of material from aquatic habitats. For example, based on brief descriptions of external morphology of the eggs, Scotton and Axtell (1979) analysed the distribution of Ochlerotatus sollicitans (Walker) and Oc. taeniorhynchus (Wiedemann) in several coastal habitats in North Carolina, United States.
Redescription of Coronatella poppei (Richard, 1897) (Crustacea, Branchiopoda, Chydoridae) and a revision of the genus in Brazil, with descriptions of new taxa
Authors: SOUSA FRANCISCO DIOGO ROCHA , ELMOOR-LOUREIRO LOURDES MARIA ABDU , SANTOS SANDRO
Published: May 2015

The description of the genus Coronatella Dybowski & Grochowski, 1894 (Cladocera: Chydoridae: Aloninae) pointed towards the need for a revision of species on a worldwide scale. For the Neotropical region, the main challenge noted was the redescription of Coronatella poppei (Richard, 1897). We redescribed this species and revised populations from Brazil that had previously been assumed to be Alona poppei (= C. poppei). Our results indicate that C. poppei is distributed in the southern part of South America. In Brazil, two other taxa are recognized, Coronatella paulinae sp.nov. and Coronatella serratalhadensis sp.nov., which are morphologically distinguished both from each other and from C. poppei. These species also have different geographic distributions. The Brazilian Coronatella fauna also comprises Coronatella monacantha (Sars, 1901) and a related species, Coronatella undata sp.nov. Our results point towards a previously unknown high diversity of Coronatella in the Neotropical region with several implications for to biogeography of the genus.
A new Garcorops species from Madagascar copal (Araneae: Selenopidae)
Authors: BOSSELAERS JAN
Published: May 2015

Garcorops jadis sp. nov. is described from one male specimen enclosed in copal, a hardened, sub-fossil diterpenoid resin from the Sambava area, Madagascar. The taxonomy of the family Selenopidae and the relationships of the new species are briefly discussed.
Two sympatric species of Antrodiaetus from southwestern North Carolina (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Antrodiaetidae)
Authors: HENDRIXSON BRENT E. , BOND JASON E.
Published: May 2015

Two sympatric species of Antrodiaetus (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Antrodiaetidae) are recorded from southwestern North Carolina: A. unicolor (Hentz 1841) and A. microunicolor new species. A neotype for A. unicolor is designated from DeSoto State Park in Alabama and a description is provided. A new species of Antrodiaetus is described from the Coweeta Long Term Ecological Research station in southwestern North Carolina. This new species is sympatric (putatively syntopic) with the closely related A. unicolor and can be differentiated from that species on the basis of size, setal characters, coloration, selected morphometric ratios, and non-overlapping breeding seasons. A brief account on the natural history for both species at Coweeta is presented.
An Application of a Physical Vegetation Model to Estimate Climate Change Impacts on Rice Leaf Wetness
Authors: Yoshida Ryuhei , Onodera Yumi , Tojo Takamasa , Yamazaki Takeshi , Kanno Hiromitsu , Takayabu Izuru , Suzuki-Parker Asuka
Published: May 2015

A physical vegetation model [the Two-Layer Model (2LM)] was applied to estimate the climate change impacts on rice leaf wetness (LW) as a potential indicator of rice blast occurrence. Japan was used as an example. Dynamically downscaled data at 20-km-mesh resolution from three global climate models (CCSM4, MIROC5, and MRI-CGCM3) were utilized for present (1981–2000) and future (2081–2100) climates under the representative concentration pathway 4.5 scenario. To evaluate the performance of the 2LM, the LW and other meteorological variables were observed for 108 days during the summer of 2013 at three sites on the Pacific Ocean side of Japan. The derived correct estimation rate was 77.4%, which is similar to that observed in previous studies. Using the downscaled dataset, the changes in several precipitation indices were calculated. The regionally averaged ensemble mean precipitation increased by 6%, although large intermodel differences were found. By defining a wet day as any day in which the daily precipitation was ≥ 1 mm day−1, it was found that the precipitation frequency decreased by 6% and the precipitation intensity increased by 11% for the entire area. The leaf surface environment was estimated to be dry; leaf wetness, wet frequency, and wet times all decreased. It was found that a decrease in water trap opportunities due to reduced precipitation frequency was the primary contributor to the LW decrease. For blast fungus, an increased precipitation intensity was expected to enhance the washout effect on the leaf surface. In the present case, the infection risk was estimated to decrease for Japan.
A Particle Batch Smoother Approach to Snow Water Equivalent Estimation
Authors: Margulis Steven A. , Girotto Manuela , Cortés Gonzalo , Durand Michael
Published: May 2015

This paper presents a newly proposed data assimilation method for historical snow water equivalent SWE estimation using remotely sensed fractional snow-covered area fSCA. The newly proposed approach consists of a particle batch smoother (PBS), which is compared to a previously applied Kalman-based ensemble batch smoother (EnBS) approach. The methods were applied over the 27-yr Landsat 5 record at snow pillow and snow course in situ verification sites in the American River basin in the Sierra Nevada (United States). This basin is more densely vegetated and thus more challenging for SWE estimation than the previous applications of the EnBS. Both data assimilation methods provided significant improvement over the prior (modeling only) estimates, with both able to significantly reduce prior SWE biases. The prior RMSE values at the snow pillow and snow course sites were reduced by 68%–82% and 60%–68%, respectively, when applying the data assimilation methods. This result is encouraging for a basin like the American where the moderate to high forest cover will necessarily obscure more of the snow-covered ground surface than in previously examined, less-vegetated basins. The PBS generally outperformed the EnBS: for snow pillows the PBS RMSE was ~54% of that seen in the EnBS, while for snow courses the PBS RMSE was ~79% of the EnBS. Sensitivity tests show relative insensitivity for both the PBS and EnBS results to ensemble size and fSCA measurement error, but a higher sensitivity for the EnBS to the mean prior precipitation input, especially in the case where significant prior biases exist.
Thermal fatigue behaviour of Al–Si coated Inconel 713 LC
Authors: Mansuri M. , Hadavi S. M. M. , Zare E. , Nabi M. M.
Published: May 2015

The effect of single and two-stage Si modified aluminide coatings on thermal fatigue behaviour of nickel based superalloy Inconel 713LC was examined. Specimens were loaded under test condition of heating to 1100°C followed by cooling to25°C. The experimental results showed that the coatings increased thermal fatigue resistance in both crack initiation and propagation stages. The comparison of the crack growth rates indicated that both coatings imparted resistance to the crack lengthening. However, the effect of single stage coating on the fatigue resistance was superior compared with that of two-stage coating. Through scanning electron microscopy observation, it was found that the width of γ′ denuded zone was the main reason in the control of crack growth in all specimens.
Beyond gamma ray: Determining a geosteering program for a new unconventional reservoir
Authors: Pitcher Jason , Gallice Frederic
Published: May 2015

Geosteering programs used in unconventional reservoirs typically are restricted to using basic natural gamma-ray tools. Although that approach might be effective, it does not mean that all unconventional reservoirs are amenable to the same approach. A reservoir in the South Central Oklahoma Oil Province is examined to determine what kind of geosteering program can add value, with tool-selection criteria being developed in consideration of the reservoir character. Analysis of the usefulness of gamma-ray, resistivity, neutron, density and sonic tools can result in notes on operational effectiveness and impact in terms of planning a geosteering program. Pilot-log petrophysical models can be created and examined for different tool configurations and styles to assist in program design. Examples illustrate the variability in tool design and impact on planning. The results demonstrate that an integrated approach to program design and tool selection that involves geologic, petrophysical, and geomechanical considerations can determine a methodology that meets operational needs. Additional considerations pertain to selection of tools available and their operational value in horizontal unconventional well development.
Determination of lithology and brittleness of rocks with a new attribute
Authors: Sharma Ritesh Kumar , Chopra Satinder
Published: May 2015

The discrimination of fluid content and lithology in a reservoir is an important characterization that has a bearing on reservoir development and its management. For unconventional reservoirs such as shale-gas formations, it is vital that reservoir zones are brittle, besides other favorable considerations that are expected of them. Brittle zones fracture better, and fracturing of shale-gas reservoirs is required for their production. Among the different physical parameters that characterize the rocks, Young's modulus (E) is a measure of brittleness. Attempts usually are made to determine this physical constant from well-log data, but such measurements are localized over a small area. For studying lateral variation of brittleness in an area, 3D seismic data need to be used. Computation of Young's modulus from seismic data requires the availability of density (ρ). The computation of density in turn requires long-offset seismic data, which usually are not available. A new attribute (Eρ) is in the form of a product of Young's modulus and density. For a brittle rock, both Young's modulus and density are expected to be high, and so the Eρ attribute would exhibit a high value and serve as a brittleness indicator. This new attribute is useful for lithofluid detection, when it is used in conjunction with the product of bulk modulus and density.
Generating a high-resolution global gravity model for oil exploration: Part 2 — Marine satellite altimeter-derived gravity
Authors: Fairhead J. D.
Published: May 2015

In the continental gravity compilations (1986–1995), available marine gravity surveys were patchy and resulted in an ever growing reliance on satellite altimeter-derived gravity data. The early satellite work by Haxby (Lamont Doherty Geological Observatory) encouraged Getech to get involved in its own processing of these data using repeat mission data. In the second half of the 1990s, after the main continental compilations had been completed, Geosat and European remote-sensing (ERS-1) geodetic-mission data became available with combined track spacing of 3 to 4 km at the equator.
Reviews
Authors: Bartel David , Rüger Andreas , Moon Wooil M. , Green William R.
Published: May 2015

Microseismic Imaging of Hydraulic Fracturing: Improved Engineering of Unconventional Shale Reservoirs, by Shawn Maxwell, ISBN 978-1-56080-315-7, 2014, SEG Distinguished Instructor Series No. 17, US $58 (US $45 member price). Practical and Applied Hydrogeology, by Zekâi Sen, ISBN 978-0-12-800075-5, Elsevier, 2014, 424 p., US $110.50 (eBook available). Seismic Reflections of Rock Properties, by J. Dvorkin, M. A. Gutierrez, and D. Grana, ISBN 978-0-521-89919-2, 2014, Cambridge University Press, 324 p., US $75 (eBook available). The Computing Universe: A Journey through a Revolution, by Tony Hey and Gyuri Papay, 2014, ISBN 978-0-521-15018-7, Cambridge University Press, New York, 397 p., US $39.99.
Sustenance and Health among the Five Tribes in Indian Territory, Postremoval to Statehood
Authors: Mihesuah Devon A.
Published: May 2015

In response to white settlers' demands for tribal lands in the southeast, Congress passed the Indian Removal Act in 1830. The “Five Tribes”—Cherokees, Choctaws, Chickasaws, Muscogees (Creeks), and Seminoles—were then forced to Indian Territory (now Oklahoma). Natives had access to a vast array of fruits, vegetables, and game meats, and until the Civil War, their health problems appeared to be maladies such as wounds, parasites, contagious diseases, and illnesses associated with unsanitary conditions. Around the mid-1860s, natives' diets began changing in two ways: either they included an overabundance of wheat flour, sugar, salt, and lard that resulted in diet-related ailments such as diabetes, obesity, and tooth decay; or the amount of food was inadequate, and natives suffered from malnutrition. Using testimonies of early explorers and elderly residents of 1930s Oklahoma who recalled their days in the Territory, this essay explores the sustenance of the Five Tribes and considers how changing from a diet of fresh flora and fauna to calorie-dense, fatty, and carbohydrate-laden meals may have contributed to their declining health.
Maximal Accessibility Network Design in the Public Sector
Authors: Aboolian Robert , Berman Oded , Verter Vedat
Published: May 2015

This paper focuses on designing facility networks in the public sector so as to maximize the number of people benefiting from their services. We develop an analytical framework for the maximal accessibility network design problem that involves determining the optimal number, locations, and capacities of a network of public sector facilities. We assume that the time spent for receiving the service from a facility is a good proxy for its accessibility. We provide a generic model that incorporates both the congestion at the facilities and the customer-choice environment that underlies most of the services offered by the public sector. We devise an ɛ-optimal algorithm for the arising nonlinear integer program. The proposed algorithm performs well in tackling fairly large problem instances. Through a realistic example based on the hospital network of Toronto, we demonstrate the model’s capability in providing policy insights.
Adventure and emotion
Authors: Wilsenski Deb
Published: May 2015

Forests are magical places, they feature regularly in fairytales and folklore, they are both benign and scary, full of hope and danger, they are fuel for the imagination, for invention and creativity.
The truth about childcare costs
Authors: Moss Peter
Published: May 2015

Successive governments have failed to fully address or re-think early years policies that have left parents finding it ever more difficult to pay fees and settings struggling to stay afloat. We need a new system.
All work and no play makes …
Authors: Bayram Liz
Published: May 2015

Play is the most important way through which children build cognitive skills and begin to make sense of the world, yet the government has failed repeatedly to convince the sector that it understands this.
Playing with playdough
Authors: Harries Judith
Published: May 2015

This is the first in a series of articles that will explore modelling in the early years setting, using practical ideas to enrich your children's learning across the foundation stage – this month we look at playdough.
Maximising treatment outcomes with skin peels: products, preparation and procedures
Authors: Zanna Nikki
Published: May 2015

Skin peels have been used by aesthetic practitioners for many years to address visible signs of ageing and treat common skin conditions. This article discusses the role of aesthetic practitioners in the delivery of skin peel treatments, outlines tried and tested peel ingredients, and introduces some of the newer ingredients being used in modern peels. The article also considers skin preparation, application of peel solutions and aftercare advice, as well as alternative treatments and potential complications. The growing popularity of blended peels, benefits of added antioxidants, and effect these have on treatment outcomes are other key areas of interest.
Could the rise of dermal filler treatments replace facial cosmetic surgery?
Authors: Brackenbury Julie
Published: May 2015

The demand for dermal fillers is growing, with patients of all ages presenting to clinics to prevent and delay visible signs of ageing. Practitioners should be aware of key points to discuss during patient consultations, ranging from the benefits and risks of the procedure to product choice. In this article, aesthetic nurse practitioner Julie Brackenbury considers the popularity of this minimally-invasive treatment
Fractional laser skin resurfacing: looking at the key applications and advancements
Authors: Hills Samantha
Published: May 2015

The use of fractional laser technology can reduce the appearance of fine lines, treat photodamaged skin and minimise scarring caused by acne. Over the last decade, there have been many advancements in this area, with the most recent development being the introduction of mixed technology laser systems. Samantha Hills discusses key considerations for practitioners offering this procedure
Treatment outcomes should not be dictated by advice posted on professional forums
Authors: Collier Helena
Published: May 2015

Many aesthetic practitioners who work in isolation often seek advice from peers on topics such as treatment protocols, product choice and managing patient expectations. However, in times of need, some practitioners post threads on online forums about complications they are experiencing, which can lead to colleagues posting inaccurate and dangerous comments. Helena Collier explores this issue
[RESENHA] Reconsiderando os arquivos pessoais: COX, Richard. Personal Archives and a New Archival Calling: Readings, Reflections and Ruminations. Duluth (MN), Litwin Books, 2008. xviii, 418 p.
Authors: Bellotto Heloísa Liberalli
Published: May 2015

Reconsiderando os arquivos pessoais COX, Richard. Personal Archives and a New Archival Calling: Readings, Reflections and Ruminations. Duluth (MN), Litwin Books, 2008. xviii, 418 p.
O Arquivo do Juízo de Paz da Sé Nova de Coimbra
Authors: Bandeira Ana Maria Leitão
Published: May 2015

O fundo documental do Juízo de Paz da Sé Nova de Coimbra é divulgado neste trabalho que consiste na sua descrição arquivística, seguindo a norma internacional ISAD (G) e a orientação nacional prescrita na ODA. Sequencialmente, é também apresentado o inventário do fundo, com enumeração das unidades de instalação que compõem cada série documental. Ao tornar acessível aos utilizadores este fundo judicial, fica aberto o caminho para novas linhas de investigação, uma vez que a documentação referida traz achegas para conhecer o panorama da litigância, entre os munícipes de Coimbra, de 1834 a 1927, quanto a pequenas questões, antes que estas dessem origem a processos judiciais, no juízo ordinário.
A Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra: estrutura orgânico funcional e análise do contexto de produção e fluxo documental e informacional durante a administração do Doutor Joaquim de Carvalho (1921-1934)
Authors: Nogueira Cristina Luísa Tavares , Ázar Ana Lúcia Silva
Published: May 2015

A Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra foi fundada em 1772 e extinta em 1934, durante o regime do Estado Novo. Agregada à Universidade de Coimbra, teve um papel fundamental na produção tipográfica, editorial e na difusão de obras de carácter literário e científico. O presente estudo de caso aborda de uma forma geral a instituição, incidindo em termos de amostra sobre o período de 1921 a 1934, correspondente à administração do Doutor Joaquim de Carvalho. Apresenta, de forma introdutória, a caraterização daquela instituição, do ponto de vista histórico, orgânico-funcional, custodial e arquivístico, e, particularmente, o contexto de produção e o fluxo documental e informacional. Reforça a importância deste género de estudos para a Arquivística e Ciência da Informação, sobretudo pela pertinência, quer no tratamento intelectual de documentação desta natureza, quer na compreensão da estrutura orgânico-funcional e do fluxo informacional deste tipo de organizações. Entre os principais resultados destacam-se: a análise do fluxo documental no período estudado revelou uma instituição bastante burocrática onde quase todos os procedimentos e atividades resultavam na produção de documentos, e um fluxo informacional bastante controlado em virtude da necessidade de contabilização de custos e receitas inerentes às edições produzidas.
Vulnerabilidade natural e risco de contaminação do Aquífero Bauru no município de Rio Verde – GO
Authors: Pereira Júnior Lindolfo Caetano , Soares Hugo Leonardo Trindade , Castro Selma Simões de
Published: May 2015

Neste trabalho foram aplicados os métodos GOD e POSH para determinação das áreas do aquífero Bauru, no município de Rio Verde, estado de Goiás, com maior vulnerabilidade à contaminação. Mapearam-se também áreas que, em função das atividades antrópicas, se encontram com elevado potencial de contaminação. Além disso, realizou-se o cruzamento entre a situação natural e as condições antrópicas para definição do risco de contaminação do aquífero BAURU no município, com base em análise do meio físico e avaliação de 160 poços tubulares. No tocante à vulnerabilidade à contaminação, predomina no aquífero a classe denominada moderada, abrangendo 54% da sua área total. Por outro lado, as atividades antrópicas realizadas no município exercem grande pressão sobre o aquífero, sendo que 71% destas atividades são consideradas de alto potencial contaminante, fato que eleva o risco à contaminação na área. Aproximadamente 42% da área do aquífero neste município apresenta alto risco de contaminação. Quanto aos poços tubulares, 69 ou 49,29% se encontram nesta classe. Verificou-se ainda que cerca de 45% da área apresenta moderado a médio risco de contaminação, sendo que os maiores valores de risco predominam na região noroeste do município. Os resultados do estudo indicam ainda o grande risco a que estão sujeitas as populações rurais que dependem dos recursos subterrâneos para sua produção e subsistência.
Diagnóstico hidrogeológico da região de Aramari e Ouriçangas-Bahia
Authors: Nascimento Sérgio , Sales Cora Alves , Raimundo Ramille Pinto
Published: May 2015

Aspectos hidrogeológicos e hidroquímicos da água subterrânea nos municípios de Aramarí e Ouriçangas foram estudados, com o objetivo de avaliar o potencial de produção de água de poços tubulares da região, relacionando-os com as principais formações sedimentares presentes na área, além de obter informações sobre a sua tipologia e qualidade. Os dados hidrogeológicos possibilitaram definir a direção NE-SW do fluxo de água subterrânea. Foram estabelecidos os limiares estatísticos das vazões, determinando os melhores poços da área e sua ligação com as formações Barreiras, Marizal, São Sebastião, Candeias/Sergi e o Grupo Ilhas Indiviso. Em relação à qualidade, deu-se ênfase principalmente a presença de bário, componente do mineral barita, que ocorre como cimento em lentes de arenitos da Formação Marizal percolados pela água subterrânea na região, e que pode causar graves danos à saúde humana. Foi utilizado o diagrama triangular de Piper para estabelecer a classificação dessas águas, revelando-se essencialmente de natureza cloretada sódica em onze poços estudados. São em geral águas de boa qualidade, com exceção de algumas com alta salinidade e que têm influências da formação Candeias/Sergi. Nitrato, potássio, bário, chumbo e alumínio excederam o valor máximo aceitável para consumo humano em algumas amostras, sendo os dois primeiros oriundos provavelmente de contaminação antrópica enquanto o bário, chumbo e alumínio estariam associados a contaminação geogênica.
Advanced exergy analysis of distillation tower and simulation and optimization by hysys
Authors: Darabi Mohsen , Mohammadiun Hamid , Mohammadiun Mohammad
Published: May 2015

Exergy rate profiles, exergetic efficiency and irreversibility were used to examine the driving forces in multicomponent distillation system with the view to identifying feasible and efficient operating parameters. The mixture comprised of 5% propane, 15% iso butane, 25% n-butane, 20% iso pentane and 35% n-pentane. Operating variables were feed temperature (-30oC and -80oC), pressure (800KPa and 1200KPa), and reflux-ratio (2 and 6). Sensitivity analysis was carried out to examine the effect of varying operating parameters on the systems. Stage-by-stage system exergy analysis was estimated. Column profiles of a base case -30oC, -80oC, -30oC-reflus ratio 6,80oC -80oC reflux ratio 6 and base case reflux ratio 6 did not cross thus are thermodynamically feasible. Base case -30oC-reflux ratio 2, -80oC-reflux ratio 2, and base case-reflux ratio 2 were crossed and constricted and are infeasible. Base case results gave efficiency of 81.7% at depropanizer and 65.2% at debutanizer. Base cases sensitivity results with -30oC, -80oC and reflux ratio 6, efficiency range 57.40 â€“ 70% and 65.20% - 54.90% for depropanizer and debutanizer respectively. Spitted cases gave 81.7% and 62.20% with more scatter profiles. Splitted feed base case -30oC design gave the lowest overall system exergy loss rate of 1.12E+6 and efficiency of 95.70%.
Regaining “Lost” Customers: The Predictive Power of First-Lifetime Behavior, the Reason for Defection, and the Nature of the Win-Back Offer
Authors: Kumar V. , Bhagwat Yashoda , Zhang Xi (Alan)
Published: May 2015

Service firms, which have high attrition rates, are finding it exceedingly difficult to grow their customer base. Despite their extensive retention efforts, customers still defect. For these firms, “lost” customers may pose a rewarding “last-resort” opportunity. Reacquiring customers who left the firm may help these firms not only regain their lost profits but also usurp profits from competitors. However, some pertinent questions remain as to whether lost customers are worth the investment in reacquisition and whether they will remain profitable if reacquired. This is the first study to empirically demonstrate how (1) the lost customers' first-lifetime experiences and behaviors, (2) the reason for defection, and (3) the nature of the win-back offer made to lost customers are all related to the likelihood of their reacquisition, their second-lifetime duration, and their second-lifetime profitability per month. The study shows that the stronger the first-lifetime relationship with the firm, the more likely a customer is to accept the win-back offer. This study also presents relevant implications for managers interested in identifying new avenues for growth through effective resource allocation on the reacquisition and management of lost customers. Finally, the authors outline if and when managers should choose between maximizing reacquisition and profitability.
Poincaré Inequalities for Mutually Singular Measures
Authors: Schioppa Andrea
Published: May 2015

Using an inverse system of metric graphs as in [3], we provide a simple example of a metric space
X that admits Poincaré inequalities for a continuum of mutually singular measures.
New Chorological Data for Rare Vascular Plants from Romania
Authors: Anastasiu Paulina
Published: May 2015

New chorological data about seven rare vascular plant taxa are reported in the present paper: Conringia austriaca, Jurinea multiflora, Linaria arvensis, Nonea pallens, Ophrys apifera, Ophrys scolopax subsp. cornuta, Saponaria officinalis. For Linaria arvensis, previously considered doubtful in the absence of the herbarium material, we confirm its presence in Romania. The report of Nonea pallens is the first for Dobrogea, while the report of Jurinea multiflora is the first for Muntenia region of Romania.
A Reliable Method of Completing and Compensating the Results of Measurements of Flow Parameters in a Network of Headings / O Pewnej Metodzie Uzupełniania I Wyrównywania Wyników Pomiarów Parametrów Przepływu W Sieci Wyrobisk Górniczych
Authors: Dziurzyński Wacław , Krach Andrzej , Pałka Teresa
Published: May 2015

Forecasting a ventilation process is based on two factors: using a validated software (Dziurzyński et al., 2011; Pritchard, 2010) and a properly prepared database encompassing the parameters describing the flow of air and gases, compatible with the adopted mathematical model of the VentGraph software (Dziurzyński, 2002). With a body of measurement data and a mathematical model for computer calculations and air flow simulation at our disposal, we proceed to develop a numerical model for a chosen network of mine headings. Preparing a numerical model of a ventilation network of a given mine requires providing a collection of data regarding the structure of the network and the physical properties of its elements, such as headings, fans, or stoppings. In the case of fire simulations, it is also necessary to specify the parameters describing the seat of a fire and the properties of the rocks of which the rock mass is comprised. The methods which are currently applied to this task involve manual ventilation measurements performed in headings; the results obtained in the course of these measurements constitute a basis for determining physical parameters, such as the aerodynamic resistance of a heading, density of the flow of air, or natural depression. Experience shows that - due to difficulties regarding accessibility of headings, as well as the considerable lengths of the latter - there are some nodes and headings in mines where such measurements are not performed. Thus, an attempt was made to develop a new methodology that would provide the missing data on the basis of some other available information concerning - for example - the air density, the geometry of headings and elevations. The adopted methodology suggests that one should start with balancing the air mass fluxes within the structure of a network of headings. The next step is to compile a database concerning the pressure values in the network nodes, based on the measurement results - and provide the missing pressure values on the basis of the available results of measurements carried out in adjacent nodes, as well as the pressure value calculated on the basis of the heading geometry and the given volumetric flow rate. The present paper discusses the methodology of compensating and balancing the volumetric air flow rates within a network of headings (Chapter 2) and the methodology of determining pressure values (Chapter 3) in the nodes of the network. The developed calculation algorithms - verified by means of sample calculations performed for a selected area of a mine ventilation network - were introduced into the VentGraph software system. The calculation results were presented in tabular form. The Summary section discusses the minuses and pluses of the adopted methodology.
Follow-Up Chain Tension in an Armoured Face Conveyor / Nadążne Napinanie Łańcucha Zgrzebłowego W Przenośniku Ścianowym
Authors: Dolipski Marian , Cheluszka Piotr , Remiorz Eryk , Sobota Piotr
Published: May 2015

Initial chain tension in armoured face conveyors, in which operating conditions vary constantly, should be adjusted automatically to adapt it to the needs arising. The manufacturers of such conveyors are now offering a possibility of equipping a conveyor with a drive with a telescopic trough enabling stepless change of the scraper chain contour by shifting the drive frame. The work presents the outcomes of computer investigations performed using an own mathematical model of an armoured face conveyor with a main and auxiliary drive equipped with a telescopic trough and an automatic initial chain tension adjustment system with the ASTEN algorithm. The ASTEN algorithm is responding to changes in scraper chain elongation caused by changes to conveyor configuration and also by a varying mined coal load resulting from interworking with a mining machine.
Application of Multidimensional Data Visualization by Means of Self-Organizing Kohonen Maps to Evaluate Classification Possibilities of Various Coal Types / Zastosowanie Wizualizacji Wielowymiarowych Danych Za Pomocą Sieci Kohonena Do Oceny Możliwości Klasyfikacji Różnych Typów Węgla
Authors: Jamróz Dariusz , Niedoba Tomasz
Published: May 2015

Multidimensional data visualization methods are a modern tool allowing to classify some analysed objects. In the case of grained materials e.g. coal, many characteristics have an influence on the material quality. The paper presents the possibility of applying visualization techniques for coal type identification and determination of significant differences between various types of coal. To achieve this purpose, the method of Kohonen maps was applied by means of which three types of coal - 31, 34.2 and 35 (according to Polish classification of coal types) were investigated. It was stated that the applied methodology allows to identify certain coal types efficiently and can be used as a qualitative criterion for grained materials.
Simulation-Assisted Evaluation of Grinding Circuit Flowsheet Design Alternatives: Aghdarreh Gold Ore Processing Plant / Ocena Alternatywnych Schematów Technologicznych Procesu Rozdrabniania W Zakładach Przeróbki Rud Złota W Aghdarreh, Z Wykorzystaniem Metod Symulacji
Authors: Farzanegan A. , Ghalaei A. Ebtedaei
Published: May 2015

The run of mine ore from Aghdarreh gold mine must be comminuted to achieve the desired degree of liberation of gold particles. Currently, comminution circuits include a single-stage crushing using a jaw crusher and a single-stage grinding using a Semi-Autogenous Grinding (SAG) mill in closed circuit with a hydrocyclone package. The gold extraction is done by leaching process using cyanidation method through a series of stirred tanks. In this research, an optimization study of Aghdarreh plant grinding circuit performance was done to lower the product particle size (P80) from 70 μm to approximately 40 μm by maintaining current throughput using modeling and simulation approach. After two sampling campaigns from grinding circuit, particle size distribution data were balanced using NorBal software. The first and second data sets obtained from the two sampling campaigns were used to calibrate necessary models and validate them prior to performing simulation trials using MODSIM software.

Computer simulations were performed to assess performance of two proposed new circuit flowsheets. The first proposed flowsheet consists of existing SAG mill circuit and a new proposed ball mill in closed circuit with a new second hydrocyclone package. The second proposed flowsheet consists of existing SAG mill circuit followed by a new proposed ball mill in closed circuit with the existing hydrocyclone package. In all simulations, SAGT, CYCL and MILL models were selected to simulate SAG mill, Hydrocyclone packages and ball mill units. SAGT and MILL models both are based on population balance model of grinding process. CYCL model is based on Plitt’s empirical model of classification process in hydrocyclone units. It was shown that P80 can be reduced to about 40 μm and 42 μm for the first and second proposed circuits, respectively. Based on capital and operational costs, it can be concluded that the second proposed circuit is a more suitable option for plant grinding flowsheet modification.
Laboratory Method for Evaluating the Characteristics of Expansion Rock Bolts Subjected to Axial Tension / Laboratoryjna Metoda Badania Charakterystyk Kotew Rozprężnych Poddanych Rozciąganiu Osiowemu
Authors: Korzeniowski Waldemar , Skrzypkowski Krzysztof , Herezy Łukasz
Published: May 2015

Rock bolts have long been used in Poland, above all in the ore mining. Worldwide experience (Australia, Chile, Canada, South Africa, Sweden, and USA) provides evidence of rock bolt supports being used for loads under both static and dynamic conditions. There are new construction designs dedicated to the more extreme operating conditions, particularly in mining but also in tunneling. Appreciating the role and significance of the rock bolt support and its use in Polish conditions amounting to millions of units per year, this article describes a new laboratory test facility which enables rock bolt testing under static load conditions. Measuring equipment used as well as the possibilities of the test facility were characterized. Tests were conducted on expansion rock bolt supports installed inside a block simulating rock mass with compression strength of 80 MPa, which was loaded statically as determined by taking account of the load in order to maintain the desired axial tension, which was statically burdened in accordance with determined program load taking into consideration the maintenance of set axial tension strength at specified time intervals until capacity was exceeded. As an experiment the stress-strain characteristics of the rock bolt support were removed showing detailed dependence between its geometrical parameters as well as actual rock bolt deformation and its percentage share in total displacement and deformation resulting from the deformation of the bolt support elements (washer, thread). Two characteristic exchange parts with varying intensity of deformation /displacement per unit were highlighted with an increase in axial force static rock bolt supports installed in the rock mass.
Development of Load Exerted on the Lining of the Shaft After its Liquidation / Kształtowanie Się Obciążeń Obudowy Szybu Po Jego Likwidacji
Authors: Konior Janusz
Published: May 2015

This article applies to forecasting of the shaft stability after its liquidation on the basis of the probable, current load of its lining. The stability of the shaft after its liquidation is affected by many factors: that have occurred in the past, during its operation, e.g.: the degree of technical wear and liquidation method, that presently exist such as: changes in the parameters of backfill and the level of shaft backfilling, or may occur in the future: changes of hydrogeological conditions, the influences of present mining extraction, the effect of vibrations, etc. The variability of these conditions over time may consequently lead to arising of discontinuous deformations in the area surrounding the shaft and, as an consequence, to construction disaster.
Parametric Factors for the Tangential-Rotary Picks Quality Assessment / Wskaźniki Parametryczne Oceny Jakości Noży Styczno-Obrotowych
Authors: Krauze Krzysztof , Bołoz Łukasz , Wydro Tomasz
Published: May 2015

Procedure of the quality assessment of tangential-rotary picks used in various types of mining machines, has been described in the present study. Authorial method of the quality assessment of tangential- -rotary picks based on examination of geometrical and material factors, including pick wear rate, has been discussed. The method is based on parametrical factors and the described examinations tailored to determined conditions of the machine operations, including user requirements. Testing results collected in form of measurement cards allow selection of the optimal pick, including the influence of chosen parameters into the pick wear rate.
Selection of Most Proper Blasting Pattern in Mines Using Linear Assignment Method: Sungun Copper Mine / Wybór Najodpowiedniejszego Schematu Prowadzenia Prac Strzałowych W Kopalni Miedzi Sungun Z Użyciem Metody Przyporządkowania Liniowego
Authors: Yari Mojtaba , Bagherpour Raheb , Jamali Saeed , Asadi Fatemeh
Published: May 2015

One of the most important operations in mining is blasting. Improper design of blasting pattern will cause technical and safety problems. Considering impact of results of blasting on next steps of mining, correct pattern selection needs a great cautiousness. In selecting of blasting pattern, technical, economical and safety aspects should be considered. Thus, most appropriate pattern selection can be defined as a Multi Attribute Decision Making (MADM) problem.

Linear assignment method is one of the very applicable methods in decision making problems. In this paper, this method was used for the first time to evaluate blasting patterns in mine. In this ranking, safety and technical parameters have been considered to evaluate blasting patterns. Finally, blasting pattern with burden of 3.5 m, spacing of 4.5 m, stemming of 3.8 m and hole length of 12.1 m has been presented as the most suitable pattern obtained from linear assignment model for Sungun Copper Mine.
Polluting industries as climate protagonists: cap and trade and the problem of business preferences
Authors: Grumbach Jacob M.
Published: May 2015

In the US, the failure of climate legislation and the implementation of EPA rules are the subject of intense scholarly and public debate. However, the debate has not investigated – and at times has further obfuscated – the preferences and expected tactics of industry stakeholders. Scholars of management and regulation argue that firms’ profit motives can be aligned with socially beneficial outcomes, but they assume that firms prefer market-based regulation over the status quo. Correspondingly, corporate stakeholders have been portrayed as protagonists in campaigns for climate legislation. In a case study of the cap and trade fight during 2009 and 2010, I find that industry stakeholders primarily mobilized to maintain the status quo, but simultaneously joined the cap and trade coalition in order to favorably shape potentially inevitable climate legislation. The case underlines the importance of deeper investigation of business preferences and provides evidence for theories that prioritize power resources and the structural power of business.