bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phase 2 Study of the PD-1 Inhibitor Serplulimab plus the Bevacizumab Biosimilar HLX04 in Patients with Previously Treated Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Ren Zhenggang , Shao Guoliang , Shen Jie , Zhang Li , Zhu Xu , Fang Weijia , Sun Guoping , Bai Yuxian , Wu Jianbing , Liu Lianxin , Yuan Yuan , Zhang Jingdong , Li Zhen , Zhang Ling , Yin Tao , Wu Jincai , Hou Xiaoli , Wang Qingyu , Zhu Jun , Fan Jia ,   the Serplulimab-HCC Investigators
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Current treatments for patients with previously treated advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) provide modest survival benefits. We evaluated the safety and antitumor activity of serplulimab, an anti-PD-1 antibody, plus the bevacizumab biosimilar HLX04 in this patient population. Methods: In this open-label, multicenter, phase 2 study in China, patients with advanced HCC who failed prior systemic therapy received serplulimab 3 mg/kg plus HLX04 5 mg/kg (group A) or 10 mg/kg (group B) intravenously every 2 weeks. The primary endpoint was safety. Results: As of April 8, 2021, 20 and 21 patients were enrolled into groups A and B, and they had received a median of 7 and 11 treatment cycles, respectively. Grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events were reported by 14 (70.0%) patients in group A and 12 (57.1%) in group B. Most immune-related adverse events were grade ≤3. The objective response rate was 30.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.9–54.3) in group A and 14.3% (95% CI, 3.0–36.3) in group B. Median duration of response was not reached (95% CI, 3.3–not evaluable [NE]) in group A and was 9.0 months (95% CI, 7.9–NE) in group B. Median progression-free survival was 2.2 months (95% CI, 1.4–5.5) and 4.1 months (95% CI, 1.5–NE), and median overall survival was 11.6 months (95% CI, 6.4–NE) and 14.3 months (95% CI, 8.2–NE) in groups A and B, respectively. Conclusion: Serplulimab plus HLX04 showed a manageable safety profile and promising antitumor activity in patients with previously treated advanced HCC.
Polyphosphate Kinases Phosphorylate Thiamine Phosphates
Authors: Hildenbrand Jennie C. , Sprenger Georg A. , Teleki Attila , Takors Ralf , Jendrossek Dieter
Published: August 2022

Polyphosphate kinases (PPKs) catalyze the reversible transfer of the γ-phosphate moiety of ATP (or of another nucleoside triphosphate) to a growing chain of polyphosphate (polyP). In this study, we describe that PPKs of various sources are additionally able to phosphorylate thiamine diphosphate (ThP2) to produce thiamine triphosphate (ThP3) and even thiamine tetraphosphate in vitro using polyP as phosphate donor. Furthermore, all tested PPK2s, but not PPK1s, were able to phosphorylate thiamine monophosphate (ThP1) to ThP2 and ThP3 although at low efficiency. The predicted masses and identities of the mono- and oligo-phosphorylated thiamine metabolites were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Moreover, the biological activity of ThP2, that was synthesized by phosphorylation of ThP1 with polyP and PPK, as a cofactor of ThP2-dependent enzymes (here transketolase TktA from Escherichia coli) was confirmed in a coupled enzyme assay. Our study shows that PPKs are promiscuous enzymes in vitro that could be involved in the formation of a variety of phosphorylated metabolites in vivo.
Radiomics in Addition to Computed Tomography-Based Body Composition Nomogram May Improve the Prediction of Postoperative Complications in Gastric Cancer Patients
Authors: Lan Qiaoqing , Guan Xuechun , Lu Shunzu , Yuan Wenzhao , Jiang Zijian , Lin Huashan , Long Liling
Published: August 2022

Objectives: The study aimed to determine the impact of computed tomography (CT)-based body composition and radiomics nomogram on the prediction of postoperative complications in gastric cancer. Methods: The clinical data of 457 individuals with surgically confirmed gastric cancer, 320 patients in the training cohort (TC) and 137 patients in the validation cohort (VC), were retrospectively analyzed. Body composition data were measured using CT. Postoperative complications were graded using the Clavien-Dindo system. Dedicated radiomics prototype software was used to segment lesions and extract characteristics from preoperative portal venous-phase CT images. Clinical, radiomics, and combined models were developed using logistic regression analysis. Model performance was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve, and the prediction ability of the optimal model was evaluated using calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results: Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002) score, sarcopenia, and blood loss were independent predictors of postoperative complications in gastric cancer. A radiomics signature was created using 19 conserved radiomics features. The nomogram based on both the clinical model and radiomics signature showed the greatest predictive performance, with AUCs of 0.763 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.708–0.817) and 0.748 (95% CI: 0.667–0.818) in the TC and VC, respectively. The calibration curve and DCA revealed that the nomogram was beneficial in clinical practice for the preoperative prediction of postoperative complications. Conclusions: The combined model consisting of NRS2002 score, sarcopenia, blood loss, and a radiomics signature holds potential application value for the individualized prediction of postoperative complications in gastric cancer patients.
O sensível no fazer persuasivo do Papa Francisco
Authors: Alves Rafael
Published: August 2022

Com o avanço dos discursos de ódio, da disseminação de notícias falsas e da valorização dos interesses econômicos, mesmo nas relações interpessoais, chama a atenção a presença do Papa Francisco, que mobiliza regimes de verdade e de crença baseados na construção de um pertencimento coletivo e na adesão sensível aos valores dele. Interessa-nos compreender como esse corpo é construído tanto do ponto de vista do plano da expressão — com formas circulares — quanto do ponto de vista do plano do conteúdo — com estratégias discursivas que borram os limites entre enunciador e enunciatário, figurativizados no discurso religioso como pastor e fiéis. Articulando as cifras tensivas (ZILBERBERG, 2011) aos percursos da elipse dos regimes de interação (LANDOWSKI, 2014), o presente estudo analisa um conjunto de discursos do e sobre Francisco para compreender como a mobilização do sensível ocupa uma posição central nas estratégias do fazer persuasivo do Papa argentino. Nossa hipótese é a de que o Papa Francisco desloca a construção do sagrado como verdade dogmática para a do sagrado como vivência e partilha sensível e coletiva de uma fé que deve transformar as relações de poder na sociedade.
A “veracidade” da “realidade”: world-making e world-faking
Authors: Kimminich Eva
Published: August 2022

Este ensaio aborda a compreensão da problemática da percepção, da qual têm se ocupado filósofos, semioticistas e neurocientistas. Todos eles se concentram na relação entre percepção sensual, realidade no mundo da vida e cognição interpretativa, cada um com uma ênfase diferente. Contudo, todas as definições mostram unanimemente que a percepção só pode alguma vez expressar a ideia ou atitude de uma pessoa em relação ao mundo em que vive. A realidade e a verdade são, portanto, construções sociais e individuais. A fim de manter a visão socialmente acordada do mundo, o indivíduo ocupa assim uma posição importante, especialmente na sociedade da informação democrática pós-moderna e altamente individualizada. Nela, o indivíduo é um local para a criação e divulgação de significado. A fim de minar a construção social da realidade e do senso comum, influenciar a semiose é uma arma silenciosa e eficaz, transformando a construção do mundo na falsificação do mundo. Utilizando os resultados de análises de populismo de direita e mitos de conspiração dos últimos tempos, a autora resume a forma como tal influência é exercida nos meios de comunicação social através de plataformas e dos chamados canais alternativos de noticiários e que efeito têm sobre o indivíduo, bem como sobre a imagem socialmente acordada da realidade. Para tal, ela combina modelos sócio-construtivistas com modelos semióticos.
Gilda & Mário: notas temáticas e estilo musical
Authors: Fernandes Carlos Henrique
Published: August 2022

O presente texto endossa a suspeita de Bento Prado Jr. (1937-2007) de que haveria certa continuidade entre os temas e o estilo de Mário de Andrade (1893-1945) e Gilda de Mello e Souza (1919-2005). Tomando a música como paradigma, ao retomar, uma a uma, as relações temáticas propostas por Prado Jr., propõe-se pensar o conceito marioandradiano de inacabado como um elemento da estética de Gilda. Espera-se, com isso, contribuir para uma compreensão mais aprofundada da forma ensaística em nossa autora enquanto um posicionamento, mais do que teórico, social.
A Ópera Café de Mário de Andrade: diário do encenador
Authors: Carvalho Sérgio de
Published: August 2022

Documento do diretor e dramaturgo Sérgio de Carvalho sobre seu processo de trabalho na encenação da ópera Café, a partir de libreto de Mário de Andrade, com música de Felipe Senna. O espetáculo baseado em corais cênicos, com temática social e perspect iva revolucionária, é a primeira produção desta ópera coletivista no Theatro Municipal da cidade de São Paulo.
Estorvos civilizatórios
Authors: Meneses Adelia Bezerra de
Published: August 2022

Amalgamando História e ficção, o livro Tom vermelho do verde de Frei Betto relata o massacre dos Waimiri-Atroari, tendo como pano de fundo a construção da Rodovia BR-174, em plena Ditadura Militar, nos anos 1968-1980. De fato, os militares, aliados a membros da Funai acumpliciados com garimpeiros que se fazem passar por pastores evangélicos, interessados na exploração da imensa riqueza mineral da floresta amazônica, procedem a um verdadeiro genocídio – que, na situação atual, significa um ecocídio.
A máquina de Polímnia
Authors: Antelo Raul
Published: August 2022

Inacabado e ambicioso, O Banquete, o derradeiro ensaio musicológico de Mário de Andrade, ilustra o conflito entre a ideia de um nacionalismo musical e sua ruptura por meio de uma teoria compositiva europeia de vanguarda. O ensaio é uma sorte de diálogo com o dodecafonismo que foi introduzido, na Argentina, em 1934, por Juan Carlos Paz e, no Brasil, em 1937, por Hans‐Joachim Koellreutter.
traduções de Lispector e a divulgação da crítica feminista no Brasil
Authors: Silva Renato Kerly Marques
Published: August 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma análise sobre traduções realizadas por Clarice Lispector de textos escritos por Virginia Woolf e Simone de Beauvoir, durante sua passagem pelo Jornal Comício (1952). Além das traduções, refletimos sobre as ideias de Lispector registradas no texto Traduzir procurando não trair (2018). Consideramos que a apresentação dos textos, e as diferentes técnicas de tradução utilizadas foram determinadas pelo contexto (Flotow 2014) de publicação. A perspectiva feminista de tal atividade pode ser identificada na tentativa de introduzir o pensamento das escritoras europeias para as leitoras brasileiras, promovendo a circulação das críticas que embasavam as lutas feministas daquele momento, como o acesso à educação e a autonomia financeira das mulheres.
Fibrinogen Depletion Coagulopathy Predicts Major Bleeding After Thrombolysis for Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Romoli Michele , Vandelli Laura , Bigliardi Guido , Naccarato Marcello , Moller Jessica , Balestrino Maurizio , Giammello Fabrizio , Gentile Mauro , Dell’Acqua Maria Luisa , Manganotti Paolo , Forlivesi Stefano , Melis Maurizio , Picchetto Livio , Rosafio Francesca , Furlanis Giovanni , Testoni Stefania , Piras Valeria , Malfatto Laura , Musolino Rosa Fortunata , Scali Ilario , Maffei Stefania , Migliaccio Ludovica , Trenti Tommaso , Mancini Rita , Marietta Marco , Randi Vanda , Meletti Stefano , Zini Andrea
Published: August 2022

Background:

Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) and major bleeding can be fatal complications of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) for acute ischemic stroke. We investigated the impact of early fibrinogen depletion after IVT on major bleeding events.

Methods:

This multicenter observational prospective cohort study enrolled 1678 consecutive patients receiving IVT for acute ischemic stroke at 6 Italian centers, undergoing fibrinogen concentration assessment at baseline, 2 hours and 6 hours after IVT. Fibrinogen depletion was defined as a reduction below 200 mg/dL after 2 hours from IVT, or as a reduction below 50% of baseline fibrinogen levels after 2 hours from IVT. Main outcomes were (1) sICH (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke criteria) and (2) major bleeding defined as fatal bleeding, decrease in the hemoglobin level>2 g/dL/>1 unit transfusion, or bleeding at critical site. Additional outcomes were (1) any ICH, (2) any bleeding, (3) fatal ICH, and (4) sICH according to ECASSII definition. Good functional recovery was defined as modified Rankin Scale score 0 to 2 at 3 months.

Results:

Overall, 1678 patients were included (mean age 72 years, 46% female). sICH (n=116) and major bleeding (n=297) were associated with lower rate of good functional recovery (
P
<0.001). Despite similar fibrinogen levels at admission, fibrinogen depletion after 2 hours from IVT was more common in people with sICH, major bleeding and all additional bleeding outcomes. In the backward stepwise multivariable logistic regression model, fibrinogen depletion remained a significant predictor of sICH (OR, 1.55 [95% CI, 1.04–2.32]) and major bleeding (OR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.03–1.8]). Thirty-one percent of sICH could be attributable to fibrinogen depletion. The association between fibrinogen depletion and worse clinical outcome at 3 months after stroke (
P
=0.012) was attributable to the higher risk of major bleeding/sICH.

Conclusions:

Fibrinogen depletion significantly increases the risk of sICH and major bleeding after IVT for acute ischemic stroke. Fibrinogen depletion represents an independent risk factor for bleeding, and routine assessment could be considered to stratify the risk of ICH. Trials on early fibrinogen repletion are needed to investigate mitigation of bleeding risk.
Leonardo da Vinci, the Ventricles of the Brain, and the Foramen of Monro
Authors: Steinsiepe Klaus F. , Hauser Markus
Published: August 2022

Leonardo da Vinci’s neuroanatomical studies include a cast of the ventricles of an ox with melted wax. By depicting the result of this ingenious approach, he provided the first graphic representation of the connection between the cerebral ventricles. We question the widespread assumption that Leonardo already showed the fully paired lateral ventricles and the interventricular foramina today named after Alexander Monro. Instead, we demonstrate by graphical means and magnetic resonance imaging that this is in fact a longstanding misinterpretation of an unusual section plane and its depiction used by Leonardo. Such a midline section fails to show two lateral ventricles and their interventricular foramina both in human and ruminant brains. Our results correct numerous inaccurate statements made in the literature since 1930. With regard to Leonardo’s rendering of the ventricular system, we discuss the realism of his anatomical drawings, the visual techniques he employed, and the legitimation of our approach.
The Legality of Weapons Transfers to Ukraine Under International Law
Authors: Heller Kevin Jon , Trabucco Lena
Published: August 2022

This article analyses the legality of Western states providing weapons to Ukraine. It focuses on five areas of international law: (1) the jus ad bellum; (2) the law of neutrality; (3) international humanitarian law; (4) state responsibility for complicity in internationally wrongful acts; and (5) international criminal law. It concludes that weapons transfers likely violate the law of neutrality, entitling Russia to respond with countermeasures; that Russia can lawfully target transferred weapons under ihl; and that weapons transfers could lead to state and individual responsibility if evidence comes to light that the Ukrainian military is using weapons previously supplied by the West to commit war crimes. By contrast, providing weapons to Ukraine does not violate the jus ad bellum because they are in service of Ukraine’s right of self-defence against Russia and does not make the supplying states co-belligerents in Russia’s international armed conflict with Ukraine.
Rethinking Poetry as (Anti-Crusader) Propaganda: Licentiousness and Cross-Confessional Patronage in the Ḫarīdat al-qaṣr
Authors: Keegan Matthew L.
Published: August 2022

It is sometimes assumed that the poetry of the Crusader period was part of a concerted propaganda effort to rouse Muslims to fight and to legitimate Muslim rulers in the eyes of other Muslims by portraying them as ascetic, Sunni revivalists focused on Jihad. Based on samples from the Ḫarīdat al-qaṣr wa-ǧarīdat ahl al-ʿaṣr, a massive 6th/12th-century adab anthology by ʿImād al-Dīn al-Iṣfahānī, this article argues for a different understanding of both the content and the circulation of this period’s poetry. I show that poetry was not addressed to a “public,” but rather was a form of elite communication in which social identity was performed, negotiated, and consolidated. Furthermore, ʿImād al-Dīn’s anthology does not marginalize Shiʿite voices or insist on portraying rulers as ascetics. I trace the origins of these assumptions and show that levity, licentiousness, and Shiʿites were all celebrated in the poetic discourses of the 6th/12th century.
“And Then People Are Surprised That Disasters Befall Us From All Directions”: Sport Fans’ Responses to Israel’s First Transgender Soccer Referee Sapir Berman
Authors: Tamir Ilan
Published: August 2022

The current study focuses on sport fans’ attitudes toward the presence of the first transgender soccer referee in an elite league in Israel, and largely reflects the broader discourse on gender diversity and inclusion in general. Soccer referee Sapir Berman’s announcement of her gender transition may have been exceptional, but it joins the broad debate on the role of transgender individuals in sport. Research findings indicate that fans expressed ambivalent reactions to the announcement. Although many responses reflected impressive open-mindedness and support for the referee and her decision, a wide range of opposition strategies was also identified, including disgust, ridicule, violence, and concerns of an existential threat caused by changes in the traditional gender order. The fact that the announcement was made during the COVID-19 pandemic also affected the nature and the contents of fans’ responses.
Air following Splenic Embolization: Infection or Incidental Finding?
Authors: Haan James , Bochicchio Grant , Kramer Mary , Scalea Thomas
Published: August 2022

The use of splenic embolization for nonoperative management has increased. With increased use of this adjunct, a new and frequent finding has been air within the areas of infarction in patients with or without clinical signs of infection. The purpose of this study was to determine if air within areas of splenic infarction is pathologic of infection or rather an incidental finding. A retrospective review over the past 3 years of inpatients undergoing splenic embolization and having pre- and postembolization abdominal computed tomography scans were reviewed for the findings of free air as well as any clinical signs of infection. A total of 96 consecutive patients were included. Of these, 12 had evidence of infarction with air. Six of these patients had undergone distal embolization with intraparenchymal air, but no symptoms. These were successfully observed. Two patients demonstrated subcapsular air/fluid levels, which underwent drainage with splenic preservation. Cultures were negative for infection. The remaining 4 underwent splenectomy. Of these, all had large collections of air. Two of these 4 spleens were infected: 1 with alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus and one with Clostridia perfringens. The remainder was sterile. This gave an overall infection rate of 17 per cent of patients with evidence of air. This yield increased to 33 per cent if the patient had symptoms and 50 per cent in those with large amounts of air and symptoms. Overall, we feel that air following embolization is a concern, but does not constitute infection. Patients with large amounts of air and signs and symptoms of infection will have a far higher infectious rate, 50 per cent in this limited series. In these patients, evaluation for infection is indicated; that being percutaneous sampling versus splenectomy.
Comparison of Wound-Healing Characteristics with Feedback Circuit Electrosurgical Generators in a Porcine Model
Authors: Pollinger Harrison S. , Mostafa Gamal , Harold Kristi L. , Austin Catherine E. , Kercher Kent W. , Matthews Brent D.
Published: August 2022

The type of incisional instrument used to create a surgical wound can influence the rate of wound healing and overall wound strength. The purpose of this study was to evaluate several facets of wound healing within incisions created in the small intestine, uterus, and skin in a porcine model by using feedback circuit electrosurgical generators and a standard steel scalpel blade in a porcine model. Eighteen pigs were evaluated by creating surgical incisions in the skin, uterus, and small intestine utilizing 2 computerized electrosurgical generators (FX, ValleyLab, Boulder, CO, and PEGASYS, Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc., Cincinnati, OH) and a scalpel blade. All incisions were reapproximated with absorbable suture. Incision sites were evaluated histologically at 3, 7, or 14 days postincision according to randomization. The skin and small intestine samples were tested for wound tensile strength at 7 and 14 days. There were no statistically significant differences demonstrated with tensile strength testing comparing the electrosurgical devices to the scalpel-blade incisions for skin or small intestine at all time points. The only significant difference detected with respect to wound tensile strength was when different organ types were compared, regardless of device used (i.e., skin, 19.5 N/cm2 vs. small intestine, 5.78 N/cm2). Histologic evaluation demonstrated that the wounds created by the electrosurgical generators displayed decreased overall wound healing at 3, 7, and 14 days compared to the scalpel group. These findings indicate that the electrosurgical devices tested delay wound healing at the surgical site, but fail to demonstrate any significant difference in overall wound tensile strength. Wound healing may occur at a more rapid rate when a traditional scalpel blade is used to create the surgical incision, but no difference in global wound dynamics could be detected.
A novel voltage-mode universal second-order filter using five single ended OTAs and its quadrature sinusoidal oscillator application
Authors: Wang San-Fu , Chen Hua-Pin , Ku Yitsen , Lin Yi-Chun
Published: August 2022

This study proposes a single-ended operational trans-conductance amplifier (SEOTA)-based triple inputs and single output high-input impedance voltage-mode (VM) universal second-order filter. The proposed universal VM SEOTA-based second-order filter can be realized for the non-inverting low-pass, non-inverting high-pass, non-inverting band-reject, non-inverting all-pass and inverting band-pass filtering functions by appropriately using different triple-input voltage signals. The high-input impedances of the proposed universal VM SEOTA-based configuration enable the second-order filter to be cascaded without additional buffers. The proposed configuration does not employ external resistors and accordingly is an active SEOTAs and capacitors (SEOTA-C) universal second-order filter. The proposed circuit using two grounded capacitors which is more apposite to further develop into an integrated circuit implementation. The resonance angular frequency and quality factor are orthogonal electronically adjustable. By slightly modifying the proposed universal VM SEOTA-based second-order filter configuration, the VM SEOTA-C quadrature sinusoidal oscillator is achieved. The oscillation frequency and the oscillation condition of the quadrature sinusoidal oscillator can be independently and electronically tuned by adjusting the bias currents of two SEOTAs. PSpice simulation results confirmed theoretic anticipation. The result of the experiment of the commercially available SEOTAs, LT1228s, are also used to verify the characteristics of the proposed universal VM SEOTA-based second-order filter and VM SEOTA-based quadrature sinusoidal oscillator.
Anatomy of Domestic Violence and Suicide in Kashmir
Authors: Rasool Mir Suheel
Published: August 2022

The daily timeline of news and happenings around us persistently has the depressing snippets of cases of gender based violence cases all over. This dark reality of witnessing the rising of domestic violence related cases are very concerning and signifies the regressing perception of societal psychology on the whole. This internalization has the ubiquitous nature having the layered dimensions attached to it with women facing the agonizing consequences. Domestic violence is a fairly common occurrence in most of the parts of Kashmir region mainly from husbands or family members and broken relation with in-laws, Wife abuse, marital violence, family issues, and harassment dominance of male structures. This results in bouts of ‘aimlessness’ prompting women to find the meaning in ending her life. In Kashmir region, those females who are victim of domestic violence suffer from unavoidable mental health issues with flashbacks and stressors filled with negative life experiences such as stressful relationships, marital discord, and family troubles, forced marriage, economic crisis and lack of personal choices. There is direct relationship between female suicide and domestic violence. Females who experience physical or/and sexual violence in their marriage are significantly more likely to have suicidal thoughts. In the above mentioned context, it becomes significant to delve into how domestic violence trigger women to commit or attempt suicide and as such the study titled ‘Anatomy of Domestic Violence and suicide in Kashmir’ was undertaken. The study has focused on female suicide survivors who are married women aged from 20–35 and have faced domestic violence. The purpose of the study was to examine the profile of women who have attempted suicide. The present study highlights the spectrums of domestic violence and suicide in Kashmir by focusing on a number of key sociological aspects.
Cognitive Diagnosis in Language Assessment: A Thematic Review
Authors: Mei Huan , Chen Huilin
Published: August 2022

As a significant breakthrough in educational measurement, cognitive diagnostic assessment (CDA) has made up for the shortcomings of traditional assessment practice by providing fine-grained information about students’ latent knowledge structures beyond single scores. Along with the surging demand for diagnostic feedback in large-scale language tests, an increasing number of CDA studies have emerged primarily for the purpose of facilitating language teaching and learning. In this paper, we conducted a thematic review of 35 empirical studies on cognitive diagnosis in language assessment during the years 2009–2021. In our review, we analyzed three major research topics in this field, namely, application of CDA, optimization of CDA, and CDA for practical and theoretical uses. Along with our analysis, several potential lacunae were discussed, based on which some future directions were provided.
Dark waters, dark waters
Authors: Shelton Allen
Published: August 2022

I wrote a book. A blogger rewrote it in nine paragraphs using my own sentences, images, and my name. It was so seamlessly constructed I assumed I had written it until years later when attempting to use the rewrite as a summary of my book, I found no such paragraph existed in my work. He had rearranged sentences and parts of sentences into new paragraphs that produced an alternative me, a double that might have had an entirely different academic career as his version was perhaps stronger, clearer, and more aligned with the disciplinary norms of sociology than my own. This is an investigation into a new war of dreams, the uncanny, the coexistence of doubles, and what a blogger on the far edge of my world was able to do to my work and me.
Cool premonitions: Jean Baudrillard’s America version 2.0
Authors: Clist Eleanor , Fulton Samuel , Gilloch Graeme , Holden Shelan , Mergea Tania , Redman William , Rüegg Lea , Simpson Oliver , Wójtowicz Marta , Zhang Leksa , Simpson Oliver , Gilloch Graeme
Published: August 2022

Jean Baudrillard’s highly controversial book America (published in French 1986, English translation 1988) constitutes the point of departure for an undergraduate class writing project which began in 2020. Students were encouraged to respond to the following prompt: what would an America 2.0 look like today in the midst of the Trump presidency? Here we have assembled and arranged the numerous fragments contributed by the students and the editors as a collaborative enterprise in thinking and writing differently.
What Makes a Difference in Achievement for Black and Hispanic Students: Identifying Factors of Influence Inside the Black Box of Schooling Production
Authors: Wu Mei-Jiun
Published: August 2022

By aligning factors that most commonly influence the achievement of Black and Hispanic students with the type of resources inside the black box of schooling, this study differentiated the achievement effect of school resources from what was brought by students to schools. The hierarchical regression results showed that minority students’ grade-repetition experience mattered substantially. But the differences between schools in poverty concentration, use of between-class and within-class tracking, class size, plus school discipline all contributed to the racial achievement gaps.
The Accuracy and Reliability of Visually Assessed Pharyngeal Opening Pressures During Drug‐Induced Sleep Endoscopy
Authors: Yu Jason L. , Thuler Eric , Seay Everett G. , Schwartz Alan R. , Dedhia Raj C.
Published: August 2022

Objective

To examine the accuracy and interrater reliability of a visually assessed vs airflow‐based measure of pharyngeal collapsibility obtained in patients with obstructive sleep apnea undergoing drug‐induced sleep endoscopy (DISE).

Study Design

Prospective observational study.

Setting

Academic tertiary care practice.

Methods

Patients underwent DISE with airflow monitoring and nasal positive airway pressure titration to determine visual and airflow‐based levels of pharyngeal opening pressure (PhOP). Visual DISE‐PhOP was assessed by 2 blinded independent raters and defined as the pressure at which visual confirmation of airway collapse, including snoring, was abolished. Airflow‐based DISE‐PhOP was defined as the minimally effective positive airway pressure that abolished inspiratory flow limitation. Equivalence testing between visual and airflow DISE‐PhOP of each rater was performed with the two one sided T‐test (TOST) with an a priori equivalence bound of ±1 cm H2O. Interrater reliability was evaluated with the intraclass correlation coefficient.

Results

One hundred patients were enrolled in the study and 77 completed the full evaluation. The population was predominantly male (74%) with an average age of 54.8 years, body mass index of 30.1 kg/m2, and apnea‐hypopnea index of 30.7 events/h. Equivalence testing showed that both raters were within ±1 cm H2O of airflow‐based DISE‐PhOP (−0.43 to 0.09 cm H2O and −0.32 to 0.48 cm H2O). Interrater reliability of visual DISE‐PhOP between the raters was also good to excellent with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.895 (95% CI, 0.84‐0.932).

Conclusion

DISE‐PhOP, a measure of upper airway collapsibility, was equivalent between airflow‐based and visual assessments with strong interrater reliability, supporting its adoption as a standardized objective parameter in clinical DISE.
Two‐Year Interview and Match Outcomes of Otolaryngology Preference Signaling
Authors: Chang C.W. David , Thorne Marc C. , Malekzadeh Sonya , Pletcher Steven D.
Published: August 2022

Objective

To present the first year‐over‐year data comparison of preference signaling for residency interviews in the otolaryngology application marketplace.

Study Design

Cross‐sectional study conducted over 2 application cycles.

Setting

Otolaryngology training programs in the United States.

Methods

Otolaryngology residency applicants were invited to participate in preference signaling during the 2021 and 2022 application cycles. Submissions were collected using a web‐based interface. The distribution of signals among programs was evaluated descriptively and in relationship to Doximity program reputation rankings. Surveys were sent to applicants to assess general attitudes and the number of interview invitations received from signaled and nonsignaled programs. Surveys were sent to programs to evaluate use of signals and the impact on match results.

Results

Programs received a range of signals, from 0 to 66, with 50% of signals going to 24% of programs in 2022, which was similarly found in 2021. Programs of higher rank tended to receive more signals. Overall, >87% of surveyed applicants received an interview offer from at least 1 program that they signaled. In 2021 and 2022, applicants were 2.6 times more likely to get an interview from a signaled program than a comparator nonsignaled program. A greater positive impact on interview offer rate was seen for less competitive applicants. Signaling was viewed favorably by the majority of surveyed applicants and programs.

Conclusions

Preference signaling for otolaryngology residency interviews demonstrates a promising mechanism to improve applicant visibility to programs during the application cycle. This impact is consistent over 2 application cycles.
Optimization of Opioid Discharge Prescriptions Following Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
Authors: Rizk Elsie , Yuan Fangzheng , Zheng Feibi , Fink Ezekiel , Kaur Navjot , Tran Anh Thu , Iso Tomona , Mohyuddin Nadia G. , Thekdi Apurva A. , Jackson Gilchrist L. , Wanat Matthew A. , Thornton J. Douglas , Swan Joshua T.
Published: August 2022

Objective

To evaluate the impact of a quality improvement bundle on opioid discharge prescribing following thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy.

Methods

This before‐and‐after study included patients undergoing thyroidectomy or parathyroidectomy at an academic medical center. The quality improvement bundle included a patient education flyer, electronic health record order sets with multimodal analgesia regimens, and provider education. The preimplementation cohort included patients treated from January 2018 to December 2019. The postimplementation cohort included patients treated from June 2021 to August 2021. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients who received new opioid discharge prescriptions.

Results

A total of 160 patients were included in the preimplementation cohort, and the first 80 patients treated after bundle implementation were included in the postimplementation cohort. Patients receiving new opioid discharge prescriptions decreased from 80% (128/160) in the preimplementation cohort to 35% (28/80) in the postimplementation cohort with an unadjusted absolute reduction of 45% (95% CI, 33%‐57%; P < .001; number needed to treat = 3) and an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 0.08 (95% CI, 0.04‐0.19; P < .001). The bundle was associated with reductions in opioid discharge prescriptions that exceeded 112.5 oral morphine milligram equivalents (33% pre‐ vs 10% postimplementation; adjusted OR, 0.20; P = .001) or 5 days of therapy (17% pre‐ vs 6% postimplementation; adjusted OR, 0.34; P = .049).

Discussion

Implementation of a pain management quality improvement bundle reduced opioid discharge prescribing following thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy.

Implications for Practice

Unnecessary opioid prescriptions generate unused opioids in patients’ homes that can lead to opioid misuse. We believe that this bundle reduced the risk for opioid misuse in our community.

Registration

The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04955444) before implementation.
Sensitivity, Specificity, and Predictive Values of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Symptoms and Signs in Clinical Practice
Authors: Lechien Jérôme R.
Published: August 2022

Objective

To investigate the sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), and positive and negative predictive value (PPV and NPV) of symptoms and signs of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR).

Study Design

Prospective controlled.

Setting

University medical center.

Methods

Patients presenting with LPR symptoms and signs were consecutively included after diagnosis confirmation through 24‐hour hypopharyngeal‐esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance–pH monitoring. Healthy individuals were recruited to compose a control group. Symptoms and signs were evaluated with the reflux symptom score and reflux sign assessment. The SE, SP, PPV, and NPV of symptoms and signs were assessed.

Results

The study included 403 patients with LPR and 144 healthy individuals. Throat clearing, globus sensation, heartburn, and excess throat mucus were symptoms with the highest SE (67.5%‐69.7%), SP (12.5%‐20.8%), and NPV (48.3%‐49.2%). The combination of throat clearing, heartburn, globus sensation, and excess throat mucus led to a high SE (96.0%) and NPV (85.2%). Anterior pillar erythema, tongue tonsil hypertrophy, and posterior commissure hypertrophy resulted in the highest SE (75.5%‐83.5%). The highest SP was found for uvula erythema/edema, epiglottis erythema, and interarytenoid granulatory tissue (97.1%‐97.2%). The association of nonendoscopic signs (anterior pillar erythema, uvula erythema/edema, and coated tongue) had an SE and SP of 80.1% and 47.2%, respectively. The association of throat clearing, heartburn, globus, anterior pillar erythema, and uvula erythema/edema had the highest SE (98.8%), SP (33.3%), PPV (94.3%), and NPV (70.6%).

Conclusion

LPR symptoms and signs reported low SP and NPV. The SE, SP, PPV, and NPV may be maximized with the association of throat clearing, heartburn, globus sensation, anterior pillar erythema, and uvula erythema/edema.
The effect of nutrition on stroke risk: A systematic review
Authors: Chhabra Jaineet Singh , Juneja Amandeep , Etkin Yana , Landis Gregg , Gardener Hannah , Garuthara Melissa , Hoffstaetter Tabea , Oropallo Alisha
Published: August 2022

Background: An estimated 33% reduction in cardiovascular events can be achieved when incorporating whole grains, fruits, vegetables, poultry, nuts, and vegetable oils in the diet along with reduced consumption of refined carbohydrates, processed meats, and sugar sweetened beverages. We performed a systematic review to analyze the impact of nutritional intervention on stroke risk, as there is no current consensus concerning dietary recommendation for primary and secondary stroke prevention. Methods: A literature search of the PubMed database from January 2010 to June 2020 was performed using combinations of the following search terms: carotid disease, carotid artery disease, carotid stenosis, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), diet, nutrition, micronutrition, embolic stroke, and stroke. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2009 checklist. Results: 28 studies met our inclusion criteria. Multiple studies showed an inverse relationship between consumption of vegetables and fruits and stroke risk. Vitamin B12 or a combination of B Vitamins was the most common supplement studied in stroke prevention. Only one RCT showed the use of B12 (500 micrograms/day) correlated with lower CIMT at follow up in healthy vegetarians. Discussion: The key findings from this systematic review indicate that adopting a diet rich in fruits and vegetables earlier in life may lower stroke risk compared with meats and fat intake. B vitamins also appear to confer some protection against stroke. However, not enough data exists to support the use of multivitamins, calcium, soy products and other supplements for primary or secondary stroke prevention.
Social Structures of Accumulation in a Semiperiphery Country
Authors: Kılıç Sadık
Published: August 2022

This article claims that the world-system approach can serve as a mediating force in understanding the social structure(s) of accumulation (SSA) dynamics in Turkey. The argument for using the world-system approach has two complementary supports. First, the Turkish SSAs are driven by the capitalist world economy. As such, the author focuses on Turkey’s Westernization efforts and dependency on core countries and international organizations under their control. Second, domestic struggles and political decisions related to the Turkish SSAs are not limited to the main variables of the SSA theory, such as labor-capital conflict, profit rate, and economic crises. Thus, the author shows that phenomena such as the religion-secularity conflict, the struggle between anti-imperialism and anticommunism, and military interventions are crucial in SSA formations. In support of this argumentation, the author discusses the regulationist and neoliberal SSAs in Turkey.

JEL Classification: J50, J08, B51, P16
(De)facing the face of lecturing with Deleuze and Guattari
Authors: Lewis Tyson E.
Published: August 2022

This paper articulates the separate accounts of facial education and lecturing found in A Thousand Plateaus in order to theorize a new concept of lecturing for a post-digital university. Many accounts of Deleuze and Guattari in educational theory turn away from lecturing as hierarchical and striated, yet this approach denies Deleuze and Guattari’s deterritorialization of the practice through their description of a lecture by the character Professor Challenger. When read alongside their plateau on facialization, Challenger’s unusual performance can be interpreted as an interruption of the abstract machine of facialization that animates traditional accounts of lecturing. The article concludes with implications for a de-faced form of lecturing for a post-digital university.
Probabilistic review of wheel profiles based on hollow tread in the U.S. heavy haul rail network
Authors: Lee Jaeik , Dersch Marcus S , Lima Arthur de Oliveira , Edwards J Riley
Published: August 2022

Wheel profile is one of the most critical factors that governs the dynamic interaction between railcar wheels and the rail. This paper quantifies and analyzes 15,000 wheel profiles that were randomly selected from a dataset obtained from wayside wheel profile measurement systems from railcars that are in unrestricted interchange in the North American Class I railroad network. Mean dimensions for each of the four critical wheel tread parameters were as follows; 30.5 mm (1.202 in.) for flange height, 35.4 mm (1.395 in.) for flange thickness, 0.483 mm (0.019 in.) for hollow tread, and 37.8 mm (1.488 in.) for rim thickness. Further evaluation focused on the magnitude of hollow tread, one of the important factors that determines wheel rail contact location, contact patch size, and dynamic interaction of the railcar and track. Correlative analysis revealed that hollow tread is linearly related to flange height, flange thickness, and rim thickness. Given this relationship, we categorized wheel profile data into characteristic bins of wheel profiles, and a new classification system based on hollow tread was proposed that should be considered when designing track infrastructure components (e.g., turnout frogs). Combinations of parameters were derived and organized into five wheel-profile classification ranges, based on “most likely” to “least likely” profiles that might be encountered. For the five classifications (Type A to Type E), a range of hollow tread from 0 mm to 5 mm (interval of 1 mm) and corresponding mean values for the three other parameters were applied. This probabilistic analysis and classification of wheel profiles into categories enables better understanding of current North American wheel conditions. Additionally, these data and the proposed analysis method can be leveraged to further optimize wheel profiles and track components, identify relationships with rates of rail surface defects and track degradation, and prioritize maintenance.
Predictive model of risks in railroad transport when diagnosing axle boxes of freight wagons
Authors: Muradian Leontii , Pitsenko Iryna , Shaposhnyk Vladyslav , Shvets Angela , Shvets Anzhelika
Published: August 2022

The research is aimed at developing a predictive model of the risks in railroad transport when using diagnostics of the axle boxes of freight wagons, which will allow assessing traffic safety during the operation of freight wagons. To develop a predictive model of the risks in railroad transport, the approaches of the probability theory were used. The constructed predictive model of the risks makes it possible to assess traffic safety during freight transportations; to determine further measures to reduce them; to evaluate the diagnostic method. The authors developed a predictive model of the risks in railroad transport when using the diagnostic methods of freight wagons’ axle boxes during maintenance and repair of axle box. This model includes the probability of failure-free operation of the axle boxes of freight wagons, the probability of identifying of the technical condition of the axle boxes of freight wagons, the significance of the diagnostic parameter and its relative assessment after appropriate maintenance, repair or technical control.
Rethinking planning education for urban equality: higher education as a site for change
Authors: Sami Neha , Lall Ruchika , Anand Geetika , Anand Shriya
Published: August 2022

This paper describes the challenges facing urban planning higher education institutions in the global South that engage with knowledge production, education and training and the ways they are tackling urban equality concerns. Drawing on interviews with urban pedagogues and practitioners, and examining institutional histories across Asia and Africa, we use a five-point framework to analyse these challenges: what to teach, how to teach, whom to teach, who teaches and where to teach. We find that different institutional arrangements and choices made by educators affect the answers to these questions in different ways. These questions are also closely connected to the questions of planning “for what”, and planning education “to what end”, and relate to concerns regarding values and processes and to outcomes for urban equality in the South. Considering these cases together offers an opportunity to contribute to a Southern dialogue on the evolution of planning education.