bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Метод множественных остатков для анализа 240 пестицидов в почвах посадки томатов с помощью сверхэффективной жидкостной хроматографии в сочетании с масс-спектрометрией
Authors: Mazzei João Roberto Fortes , Freire Estevão , Serra Eduardo Gonçalves , Macedo José Ronaldo de , Oliveira Angélica Castanheira de , Bastos Lucia Helena Pinto , Cardoso Maria Helena Wohlers Morelli
Published: June 2021

В этой работе был оптимизирован аналитический метод определения остаточных количеств пестицидов в фокусе: Азоксистробин, Боскалид, Карбендазим, Хлорантранилпрол, Клотианидин, Диафентиурон, Дифеноконазол, Диметоморф, Эспинеторам, Эспинозад А, Металлэспинозад М, Факсилозад M , Тиаметоксан в почве, полученной при выращивании томатов, с целью сравнения уровней загрязнения этими соединениями в образцах почвы. Использовали модифицированный метод экстракции QuEChERS и ультраэффективную жидкостную хроматографию в сочетании с последовательной масс-спектрометрией с источником ионизации путем электронебулизации в режиме ESI (+/-). Метод заключался в экстрагировании 15,0 г почвы 15 мл насыщенного раствора гидроксида кальция pH 12,3 и 15 мл ацетонитрила с последующим разделением в эффекте «высаливания» на 6,0 г сульфата безводного магния и 1,5 г хлорида натрия. . Фазы разделяли центрифугированием при 3700 об / мин в течение 7 мин. Экстракты разбавляли MeOH марки licrossolv® и вводили в хроматограф. Метод был проверен на основе параметров линейности, LOD, LOQ, точности и точности. Линейность между 0,2 и 20,0 µg L-1, коэффициенты определения больше 0,99. Значения LOQ для этого метода составляли 13 µg kg-1 для Спинозада и 7,0 µg kg-1 для других пестицидов. Метод показал хорошую точность со значениями RSD < 20% и точность с извлечением от 70 до 120% для подавляющего большинства проанализированных соединений. Аналитические кривые были подготовлены с эталонными экстрактами белой почвы, чтобы минимизировать матричный эффект. Метод был признан подходящим для анализа остатков пестицидов в почве, поскольку он удовлетворяет параметрам валидации хроматографических методов (European Commission, 2018). После валидации метод был использован для анализа остатков этих пестицидов в образцах почвы с традиционных, органических и устойчивых плантаций томатов. Позволяет сравнивать уровни воздействия на окружающую среду. Помимо проверки аналитического метода исследования, посвященного пестицидам, также можно было проверить еще 240 соединений, как разрешенных, так и неразрешенных для использования при посадке томатов.
Депрессия среди учителей в Бразилии: Обзор литературы
Authors: Souza Jeane Mendes Pinheiro de
Published: June 2021

В настоящее время проблемы со здоровьем, связанные со стрессом, связанным с работой, становятся все более распространенной реальностью. В этом контексте есть профессии и специалисты, которые более подвержены и подвержены такого рода патологиям, такие как специалисты в области образования. Исследования, проведенные во всем мире, показывают, что педагоги сталкиваются с большим риском физического и/или психического истощения, которое связано с материальными и психологическими трудностями, связанными с осуществлением преподавательской деятельности. Известно, что такие проблемы со здоровьем значительно омпрометации качества жизни этих специалистов и, среди них, депрессия в ее проявлениях, которые могут включать меланхолию и печаль в различных формах и на различных уровнях выделяется. Приверженность качеству жизни этих специалистов делает все более необходимым углубление исследований и подходов, которые могут сотрудничать в целях найти альтернативы, которые сводят к минимуму последствия этого зла. В связи с вышесказанного, эта работа направлена на проведение исследования по депрессии и ее возникновения среди учителей. В качестве методологии, библиографическое исследование было проведено с обзором исследований и авторов, которые углубляют подход к предметам депрессии, депрессии среди учителей, меланхолия и альтернативы справиться с депрессией.
Metrópolis y sostenibilidad. La perspectiva del Green Deal y la misión europea de ciudades climáticamente neutras
Authors: Lumbreras Martín Julio , Moreno-Serna Jaime , Sánchez-Chaparro Teresa , Mataix Aldeanueva Carlos
Published: June 2021

En este artículo se describe el enfoque de misiones como una oportunidad para abordar los principales retos sociales, ecológicos y económicos de nuestra sociedad desde una perspectiva sistémica. A través de varios casos, se muestra cómo este enfoque se está trasladando a planes impulsados por la Unión Europea como el Pacto Verde y la Misión de ciudades climáticamente neutras. Además, se ilustra con el caso práctico de la ciudad de Madrid, que pone de manifiesto la necesidad de la colaboración multiactor como ingrediente fundamental del enfoque de misiones.
La literacidad crítica en redes sociales virtuales, caso específico de estudiantes de la Facultad de Antropología de la UAEMex
Authors: Benhumea Rodriguez Claudia Lucía , Velasco Orozco Juan Jesús
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo aborda el estudio de la literacidad crítica en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios; el concepto central de la literacidad crítica en el documento se define desde algunas aristas freireanas, y se estudia desde la relación que establecen los estudiantes con las redes sociales virtuales a través la lectura y escritura. Con esta intención, se analizaron las actitudes y percepciones de los estudiantes ante distintos textos que se encuentran de forma cotidiana en las redes sociales. En estudio se eligió trabajar con la red social Facebook, aunque se explora principalmente la forma en que los estudiantes reaccionan a la información y al proceso de toma de conciencia sobre la veracidad y relevancia social de la misma. Los resultados permiten al lector conocer la forma en que se da la literacidad crítica en estos ambientes y las posibles dimensiones a estudiar dentro de esta categoría para el grupo estudiado.
Artefactos culturales para el desarrollo de la literacidad académica en estudiantes universitarios indígenas
Authors: Silas-Casillas Juan Carlos , Lombardi González Karla Susana
Published: June 2021

El objetivo de la investigación es dar cuenta de cómo los artefactos culturales utilizados en el acompañamiento académico de un estudiante indígena de primer ingreso a licenciatura favorecen el desarrollo de la literacidad. Se muestra, a través del estudio de caso de una intervención desarrollada en una universidad privada en el Occidente de México, que buscaba desarrollar las habilidades de literacidad académica de estudiantes indígenas de nuevo ingreso a la educación superior. Con base en los conceptos de literacidad académica de Zavala (2009, 2011, 2013), el análisis de la lengua de Van Dijk (2008) y fundamentalmente, el esquema de Salazar (2015), que enuncia las tres dimensiones de la literacidad: 1) lingüística, 2) cognitiva y 3) sociocultural; así como el concepto de artefacto cultural de Holland y Cole (1995). Se llega a la conclusión de que existen artefactos culturales físicos importantes en el desarrollo de la literacidad académica, que se ven complementados por artefactos simbólicos que permiten al estudiante indígena retratar sus experiencias de vida y sus elementos significativos en la tradición académica, y viceversa.
The Methodical Principles of Controlling the Information System of Corporate Security
Authors:   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute», Volosnikova N. M.
Published: June 2021

The article is aimed at determining the consequences of the influence of the information component as a significant factor directed towards improving the economic efficiency of the corporate security system. The structure of controlling of the corporate security information system is characterized as a system of interacting components for determining the goals of strategic, tactical and operational management of the corporate security system, organization of the planned actions, regulation, control, analysis and monitoring. The general appearance of the key stages of the genesis of controlling of the corporate security information system is specified. It is concluded that thanks to the functioning of the management of the corporate security system, the fulfillment of the goal of the organization of a certain level is achieved. A variety of definitions of the concept of «controlling» is substantiated, which gives reason to take into account the controlling of the information system of corporate security as a philosophy or conception of managing the corporate security system, by which it is necessary to understand a set of opinions on determining the goals of strategic, tactical and operational management of the corporate security system, its organization and related instrumentarium. In addition, when solving an applied task, the situation of influence of the institutional environment on the system of corporate security in enterprises can be described using functional dependence. It is noted that the system of management of controlling has incoming strategic goals of the corporate security information system. The conception of corporate security information system together with strategic goals of the corporate security system itself are presented. At each level of the hierarchy of management, the controlling of the corporate security information system has a specific purpose. In this regard, there is an urgent need for further scientific and theoretical comprehension of the strategic aspects of corporate security.
The Theoretical Approaches and Methodological Principles for Development of Ukrainian Pharmaceutical Production in the Conditions of European Integration
Authors:   Ministry for Development of Economy, Trade and Agriculture of Ukraine, Honcharenko D. O.
Published: June 2021

The article is aimed at disclosing the theoretical approaches and substantiating the methodological principles of development of high-tech pharmaceutical production (HTPhP) of Ukraine in the conditions of European integration. The author identifies the nature of development of HTPhP in developing countries and displays the related obstacles; the new form of dependence on the supply of intermediate goods for production and finished medicines for healthcare, manifested in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, is specified. It is noted that the key determinant of obtaining sustainable competitive advantages of the Ukrainian HTPhP should be the construction of strategic networks with key stakeholders of the national innovation system on the part of companies. It is substantiated that the involvement of TNCs technologies can be a catalyst for the modernization of Ukrainian pharmaceuticals, provided that this process is accompanied by an active policy of the State. It is shown that despite the fact that Ukraine has created a regulatory framework, which generally relies on the guidelines defined by the EU and WHO, Ukraine continues to increase its dependence on imports of pharmaceutical goods. It is determined that the current normative acts in Ukraine regulate legal relations in the pharmaceutical sector, but do not define either priorities for pharmaceuticals or measures for their implementation. Endogenous barriers and exogenous threats impeding the development of HTPhP of Ukraine are identified. It is recommended to balance the interests of consumers and manufacturers with the interests of the State when choosing the benchmarks of the HTPhP development policy of Ukraine. In view of the development of pharmaceuticals, attention is paid to a significant role of consciousness of doctors and patients regarding the quality and efficacy of medicines produced in Ukraine; mental and value changes, transformation of informal institutions; improvement of framework conditions for innovation.
Ukrainian Enterprises in the Tandem of Decarbonization Policy
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Romanko O. P.
Published: June 2021

The article is aimed at reflecting the essence of the course of European countries to reduce carbon emissions, which is the core of the policy of decarbonization. The stages of implementation of such a policy lead to structural changes in production, and quarantine conditions during the pandemic lead to changes in public consumption of certain types of goods. In addition to the economic stages of the implementation of the «green program», the EU countries have developed an investment plan to activate private and public production in the appropriate direction. Private investors join it in order to get involved in projects with the State guarantee of their implementation – both in European countries and from abroad. At present, such promising and global economic and investment measures to ensure the policy of decarbonization are not taking place in Ukraine. However, the private sector of Ukrainian production reacts ahead, in contrast to the State legislative position, with a certainty as to priority opportunities in order to increase competitiveness. Taking into account these major external factors of influence, it is identified the goods that have undergone significant changes in their demand, namely: devices for heating the premises. The dynamics of the sale of this product has increased in the world market due to lockdowns in different countries, and in the Ukrainian market – due to the fact that domestic producers have competitive prospects. The article examines the volume of world imports and exports of devices for heating premises, describes ways of selling Ukrainian goods abroad, as well as reasoned prospects for new, underserved foreign markets. In addition, domestic enterprises carrying out innovative production of this ware are identified and an analysis of its competitiveness is carried out. The successful sale of this product is facilitated by the independent work of the domestic producer to promote its own export goods, as well as existing consumer changes due to the deepening of most European countries into the «green» policy.
Priority Directions of Ensuring Sustainable Development of Tourism of Ukraine in the Context of Pandemic
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Нaponenko H. I. , Yevtushenko O. V. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Shamara I. M. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: June 2021

The article is concerned with solving problems related to the tourism sphere during the pandemic. The study is aimed at a scientific-theoretical substantiating the prospects for sustainable development of tourism of Ukraine in the context of pandemic. Elaboration of the set aim led to the need to solve the following tasks: establish the problems of sustainable tourism development during the pandemic; consider directions of sustainable tourism development; propose an improved concept of sustainable development of tourism of Ukraine during the pandemic. To achieve the aim of the study, general scientific and special methods were used. System analysis is a method that represents a sequence of actions to determine structural links between different elements of the system under study. Synthesis – the process of combining individual things and concepts into one. Induction is a research method in which a general conclusion is based on individual elements. Comparison – the similarities and differences of objects and phenomena are established on significant grounds. In order to effectively manage the sustainable development of tourism in the context of pandemic, according to the authors, cooperation between the State and local authorities, tourist enterprises, tourist infrastructure entities is necessary. Such a mechanism for administrating the sustainable tourism development is presented in the form of a scheme. Based on the concept of sustainable development, the directions of the strategy of sustainable tourism development during the pandemic are proposed. The basis of the proposed program is not only a survival strategy, but also advancing due to future significant changes in consumer preferences. The success of the proposed directions will have a positive influence on changing the social structure of society, will allow to stop the processes of increasing social tension and destabilizing the social system, will form favorable conditions for increasing the mobility of the residents of the country.
The State Regulation of the Hotel and Restaurant Business in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A. S. Makarenko, Martynenko V. О.
Published: June 2021

The axiom of present is that Ukraine has a very difficult situation in the sphere of hotel and restaurant business caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This situation has developed not only due to the underdevelopment of this sphere, also because of the significant shortcomings in the system of the State regulation of entrepreneurial activity in the pandemic, which makes this issue a topical scientific problem. The publication is aimed at analyzing the extant status of operation of the hotel and restaurant business under quarantine restrictions, as well as developing proposals for providing the State support to business entities in order to minimize losses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Theoretical and methodological grounds of research are the basic principles of development of hotel and restaurant business in a crisis, scientific works of Ukrainian scholars. The following methods were used in the course of the research: logical-juristic (to analyze the legislation of Ukraine on measures of the State support for business entities in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic); systematization (defining forms of the State aid); hypotheses and assumptions (in the preparation of proposals for further regulation of the provision of the State support to the hotel and restaurant business). As a result of the research, it is determined that the introduced support measures on the part of the State allowed to reduce the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the hotel and restaurant sector for the short-term period only. Renewal and further development of this sphere is impossible without the introduction of new approaches to the relations between the State and business, which have established determined in Ukrainian society, without increasing the social consciousness of business and increasing the level of its contact with public authorities. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to improve the system of adjustment of efforts of the State authorities, local self-government bodies and business entities in this sphere.
The Problematic Aspects and Directions of Development of the Migration Services Market in Ukraine
Authors:   Regional Research named after M. I. Dolishniy of the NAS of Ukraine, Vasyltsiv T. G. , Sadova U. Y. ,   Regional Research named after M. I. Dolishniy of the NAS of Ukraine, Makhoniuk O. V. ,   Regional Research named after M. I. Dolishniy of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: June 2021

At the present stage of development of migration processes in Ukraine, the problem of improving the domestic migration services market has been actualized, turning it into a system of socio-economic relations to meet the needs of the population in services related to the possibility and improvement of conditions for migration movements, obtaining related services related to migration, minimizing risks (both for citizens and the State) related to migration processes. The research is aimed at identifying problematic aspects, as well as substantiating the directions and means of the State policy for the development of the migration services market in Ukraine. The object of research is the processes of improving the State policy of functioning and development of the migration services market in Ukraine, legalization of its subjects and improvement of institutional-economic opportunities in relation to the provision of high-quality migration services. In the process of research, general scientific and special methods were used: synthesis and system analysis, logical generalization, strategic management, and comparative analysis. The article identifies the current systemic problems in the functioning and development of the migration services market in Ukraine, in particular in terms of the predominance of unlicensed subjects – providers of migration services; low level of satisfaction of migrants with intermediary services; limited practices of bringing to justice shadow intermediaries in the migration services market; low level of socio-economic protection of migrant workers, etc. The authors define directions and means of improving the functioning of the migration services market of Ukraine in the areas of: legalization and licensing of activities; introduction of a monitoring system for the migration services market; conclusion of intergovernmental bilateral agreements to protect the rights of migrant Ukrainians; implementation of the Concept for regulating the development of the migration services market in Ukraine. Prospects for further scientific research in the analyzed sphere concern the substantiation of directions and means of implementation of positive foreign practices for the State-based regulation of the migration services market in Ukraine.
The Methodical Approach to Integrated Multi-criteria Assessment of Intellectual Capital
Authors:   Kharkіv National University of Radioelectronics, Stepanova O. V.
Published: June 2021

The article is aimed at developing scientific-methodological recommendations for the integrated multi-criteria assessment of intellectual capital. Achieving this goal requires solving the following tasks: analysis of the theoretical principles of intellectual capital; analysis of intellectual capital components; analysis of methods for assessment of intellectual capital; development of a multi-criteria model of integrated assessment of intellectual capital on the basis of program-target approach and utility theory. In line with the conception of management by objectives, as well as in accordance with both the systemic and the program-target approaches, the objectives of enterprise are formulated taking into account the growth, renewal and efficient use of intellectual capital. Based on the analysis of available publications, a classification of factors affecting intellectual capital is compiled. Using the structure of intellectual capital and graph theory, the «tree of purposes» of intellectual capital is built, which represents an unoriented, bound graph, the verticals (nodes) of which are purposes, and the ribs (arcs) are the links between them. A system of criteria – indicators that affect the achievement of the objectives is formulated. As a criterion for optimality of achieving the objective, it is proposed to use the multi-criteria utility function. It is noted that in order to assess intellectual capital, it is advisable to use the additive utility function, which makes it possible to compute the integral indicator of intellectual capital. This, in turn, allows to analyze the growth, renewal and efficiency of the intellectual capital of enterprise over a number of years, as well as compare enterprises with each other.
The Methodological Bases for Assessment of Competitiveness of IT Enterprises under COVID-19
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Tymchenko I. P. , Koziatynska A. I. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: June 2021

Information technologies are developing very rapidly themselves and are also developing the world. At present, the IT industry attracts specialists in various industries, «opens the door» to large international companies, makes it possible to create your own business. However, in order to become an experienced IT specialist and achieve your goals in this sphere, you first need to be trained. Thus, the sector of educational institutions in the sphere of information technology in Ukraine is quite saturated. There are both higher educational institutions of this direction, as well as special courses and schools of narrow profile for training of IT specialists. Educational institutions that can ensure the process of providing IT education online in view of the pandemic have a particularly advantageous situation today. Therefore, a study of assessing the competitiveness of companies in the IT education sector is an urgent problem. The article is aimed at improving the methodological instrumentarium for assessing the competitiveness of enterprises in the sphere of information services and modifying the algorithm for assessing the competitiveness of the enterprise on the basis of the introduction of the hierarchy analysis method of T. Saaty to determine the competitiveness criteria, which will allow to assess the preemptiveness of the criteria, one over one. As a result of the study, the need for practical use of methodological instrumentarium for assessing the competitiveness of enterprises in the sphere of information services is established. An authors’ own list of criteria for assessing competitiveness has been formed, taking into account the peculiarities of the activities of enterprises in this area. The competitiveness assessment process is proposed to be carried out by means of two methods: TOPSIS and VIKOR, in order to exclude possible miscalculations in the formation of the list of alternatives, and to coordinate the results of the assessment by introducing a concordation coefficient. Prospects for further research in this direction are the solution of the problem of forming a qualitative list of criteria, in particular, their ranking and constant adaptation to changes in the external environment, as well as issues related to a set of alternatives according to the scenario approach, which will allow optimizing the processes of strategic management of enterprises in the sphere of IT services that are most dependent on changes in the market.
The Role of TNCs in U.S. Economic Strategy
Authors:   The University of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, Chernova O. V. , Zaiats D. H. ,   The University of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine
Published: June 2021

The article is aimed at analyzing the impact of American transnational corporations (TNCs) on the economic strategy of the United States of America. During the research, the essence of the category of «transnational corporation» is considered and the peculiarities of functioning of the leading TNCs are defined. The key vectors of U. S. economic strategy at the present stage are specified. The activities of transnational (multinational) corporations in the United States of America is analyzed. The article carries out a comprehensive analysis of the existing ratings of American transnational corporations. The key indicators of their activity in various spheres of public production and sectors of economy are analyzed. The impact of transnational corporations on the U.S. economy is evaluated by analyzing the dynamics of exports, imports, indices of gross domestic product (GDP) and gross domestic product per capita. The activities of American TNCs in the territories of foreign countries is studied. The analysis of the dynamics of direct foreign investment of the United States of America abroad and the scale of investment in the national economy of the country from abroad is carried out. The geographical structure of foreign direct investment from the United States of America is considered. Existing threats to the U.S. economy caused by transnational corporations are identified, and their consequences are estimated. Conclusions have been drawn on the future prospects of transnationalization of the US economy and the impact of global companies on the economic strategy of the United States of America.
Modeling the Development of Modern Digital Innovative Technologies in the Banking Sector
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Bitner I. V. , Viazovyi S. M. ,   University of Banking, Morozova N. L. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: June 2021

The article is aimed at studying the introduction of innovative technologies on the example of a commercial bank by developing a model of simulation of the development of modern digital technologies of bank using a system dynamics apparatus in order to assess the scale and speed of digital technologies processes in terms of improving the theory of decision-making processes for creation, promotion and implementation in the market. A conceptual modeling scheme for the development of banking digital technologies is built, containing five phased blocks and involving the development of a model for simulating the development of modern digital technologies in the banking sector together with analyzing scenarios within the framework of the built simulation model to improve the performance. The built model allows to evaluate the efficiency of the commercialization of digital technologies depending on the implementation of internal managerial decisions and the impact of external environmental factors, as well as the scale and speed of innovation diffusion processes. The conducted simulation experiments under separate scenarios of stimulating and destimulating influence of the internal and external factors and parameters prove that the volumes of demand for banking digital technologies are significantly influenced by internal factors, so the banking institution must constantly increase the significance of these factors and be the initiator of changes and innovative solutions. On the basis of the detected regularities and connections of the simulation model, the results characterizing the conduct of the process of introduction of modern digital technologies are obtained. The implementation of modeling results will allow banks at the stage of making a managerial decision as to the economic feasibility of introducing the innovations and using certain digital technologies in their practical activities.
The Theoretical-Conceptual Aspects of Clustering as the Basis for Innovative Development of Industrial Enterprises
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, T. M. T. M.
Published: June 2021

The article is aimed at forming the theoretical-conceptual aspects of clustering as the basis for innovative development of industrial enterprises in modern transformational conditions of economic management. According to the results of the research, it is identified that the clustering process is directed towards forming an innovative system, that is, a combination of science and production, which ensures the transformation of new knowledge into competitive goods and services. The creation of cluster associations will enable the State and local governments to stimulate the innovatively oriented development of domestic industrial enterprises through the formation of a regional economic system in which economic entities of various industry sectors and forms of ownership create organizational-economic associations of suppliers and consumers of products and services based on international management standards. Innovatively oriented development of Ukraine shows that with the existing scientific potential, we are unacceptably lagged in terms of the share of intellectual property in public wealth and GDP. The primary causes are the following: insufficient budget financing; low demand for innovations on the part of business; low level of development of innovative entrepreneurship and innovation infrastructure; taxation which is fiscal rather than stimulating; high level of corruption; inaccessible lending and unstable system of insurance of technological and commercial risks. On the basis of the carried out research, the concept of clustering is proposed as the basis for innovatively oriented development of industrial enterprises. The clustering process solves many problems, forms the institutional foundation for the creation of a post-industrial information-based economy, strengthening the financial competitiveness of the regions and solving their socio-economic problems.
The Use of Visual Aids as Multimodal Teaching Media to Enhance Students’ Skill of Writing
Authors: Kusuma Rizka Putri , Nurkamto Joko , Ngadiso
Published: June 2021

Multimodal teaching media is necessary to be used in this digital era since text can appear in various forms and do not have to always be in writing consisting of rows of letters or characters. Teachers are expected to use such modes that can help them build an active, effective, and interactive learning process. This research was conducted because of the problems faced by students in writing descriptive text and the class situation during the learning process. The use of visual aids as the multimodal teaching media used by the teacher is expected can solve those problems. Therefore, this research aims at (1) improving the students’ skill of writing descriptive text using visual aids; and (2) describing the class climate when visual aids are implemented in teaching writing descriptive text. The method used in this research is classroom action research. In this research, the researcher uses qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques. This research used students’ writing scores (pre-test and post-test) as quantitative data. The qualitative data were analyzed using assembling the data, coding the data, comparing the data, building interpretation and reporting the outcomes. The quantitative data were analyzed by the result of the test (the comparison of mean score of pre-test and post-test). The research findings show that: the use of visual aids improves the students’ writing skill and the use of visual aids has a good impact on the class climate. Visual media changes the class condition to become more exciting and conducive; the students also become more active and interactive during the learning process.
Maupassant’s The Horla is a Portrayal of Human Frailties and a Critique of Anthropocentrism: An Ecocritical/Deep Ecological Perspective
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Afzal Hossain
Published: June 2021

This research analyzes how nature, human and non-human, have been represented in Guy de Maupassant’s short story The Horla through an ecocritical lens. In its fundamental form, the ecocritical theoretical framework investigates how nature, landscape, and places have been represented in a literary text and explore how human and non-human interrelations have been portrayed. In this story, Maupassant has portrayed nature as a positive, healing force and delved into the anthropocentric and anthropomorphic constructivist attitude to non-human, invisible, emergent being, in this context, the Horla. The narrator’s anthropocentric world view has denied justice toward Horla to exist, fearing he will shake the human-centred ecological hierarchy. According to the Deep Ecological philosophical position or ecosophy, all things, including spiritual being that cannot be seen, are interconnected and have their necessary position in various modalities of Nature. Denial of the existence of a new emerging entity and the inability to schematize and adopt it will destroy the new being and the human race itself. The paper has deployed two major research methods; textual analysis and archival method. Apart from these two methods, discourse analysis method has also been used where deemed relevant and necessary. The paper finds that The Horla is not merely a generic horror story that has portrayed the inner psychological state of the narrator in a fantastique manner but also an expository one of human frailties and human denial of a being that deemed more intelligent and perfect than the human being, fearing to lose the anthropocentric dominance.
Graded Readers: An Empirical Study Measuring the Impact on Low-Proficiency EFL Students’ Writing Fluency in Morocco
Authors: El Morabit Nadir
Published: June 2021

The writing ability of Moroccan students is generally characterized by low language fluency. This article examines the impact of the implementation of graded readers as a syllabus intervention alternative rather than the textbook-based approach regarding teaching writing skill. The research design for this study is a mixed method. The qualitative method was twofold, in-class and online. The first tool was conducted via a series of observations and structured discussions with students. Likewise, the second tool was conducted through online forum interactions between the students one another and students with their instructor so as to measure their perceptions on the use of graded readers as a new method of dealing with the writing skill in preparation for the formative assessment quiz. Microsoft Teams platform, commissioned by the Ministry of Education, was used as a complementary medium to enhance in-class discussions where students are required to answer some open-ended questions. On the other hand, the quantitative method was used to measure the students’ outcomes by using the Rubric Calculator Software issued by Smekenseducation.com. The findings of this study demonstrate that the use of graded readers to improve the writing fluency was encouraging according to the positive results obtained from the analyzed data regardless of the time restrictions. The paper is concluded with several recommendations for more research in the field of study and the requirements needed for the best implementation of this creative method to boost the learners’ writing fluency.
Forms and Functions of Graphicons in Facebook Private Conversations Among Young Filipino Users
Authors: Dolot Dyea , Opina Arlene
Published: June 2021

Understanding the functions of graphicons such as emojis, images, memes, videos, GIFs, emoticons, and stickers has become increasingly relevant as they have become extensively integrated into textual messages on Facebook, especially in group chats. This study aimed to investigate the forms and functions of graphicons used by young Filipino users (ages 18-31) on Facebook group chats. The datasets were extracted from the corpora, ten Facebook group chats, each lasting for three months, and analyzed using or computer-mediated discourse analysis or language-focused content analysis. According to the findings of this study, emoji was the most widely used graphicon by young Filipino users on Facebook, while sticker was the least. Adopting Herring and Dainas’ six functions of graphicons (2017), the researcher discovered additional five functions on Facebook group chats. These functions are identified as mention, reaction, riff, tone modification, action, narrative sequence, response, sharing, replacement, complement, and attention. It was also discovered that a graphicon could serve more than one function in a conversation. Tone modification was the most commonly used function, while the narrative sequence was the least. It was found out that in both emojis and emoticons, ‘tone modification’ was the most used function while ‘sharing’ in both images and videos. Meanwhile, ‘action’ was the most used function in GIFs, ‘attention’ in memes, and ‘mention’ in stickers. Because of the significantly increased use of online communication, this study may provide insight on how people may use these graphicons in their everyday conversations.
ASSESSMENT OF TRAINING NEEDS AND COMPETENCE LEVEL OF EXTENSION WORKERS IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Tafida I. , Yusuf A. K , Kabir A. M. , Abdullahi A.
Published: June 2021

The study assessed the competence level and skills gap of extension agents in Kano State, Nigeria. Three (3) Local Government Areas were purposively selected from each of the three administrative zones making a total of nine Local Government Areas. A total of 117 extension agents were randomly selected and data were collected using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, Training Needs Analysis and SWOT Analysis were used to analyse the data. The study revealed that extension services in the study area were male dominated (88.9%) and more than two third obtained Ordinary and Higher National Diplomas. Extension workers were found to understand the organizations’ needs and had the impressions that issues of the organizations can be solved through training. The study further revealed that extension workers were competent in learning initiative and enterprises (3.41), team work (3.24), communication and problem solving (3.15) while they were found to be least competent in planning and organization (2.91) and leadership (2.96). The SWOT analysis found the strength and weakness of the extension workers as transferring of information through regular interactions with farmers (3.4) and having too many jobs with different specializations (3.12) while highest ranked opportunities and threats were good communication skills with farmers (3.44) and interference of politicians into technical aspects (3.41), respectively. Therefore, frequent professional and technical trainings, employment of more extension workers especially women, disengagement of politicians from technical aspects and collaboration with research institutes and universities would improve capacity and efficiency of extension service delivery in the study area.
Variabilitas, Korelasi, dan Analisis Kelas Sepuluh Genotipe Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.)
Authors: Nurmayanti Sri , Tahir M , Dianti Gusti Ayu Putu
Published: June 2021

Tanaman nilam merupakan tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri dengan nilai ekonomi tertinggi dibandingkan tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri lainnya. Keragaman genetik tanaman nilam tergolong rendah, karena di Indonesia baru terdapat lima klon unggul, dan keterbatasan ini menyebabkan pilihan varietas untuk budidaya juga terbatas.  Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan upaya untuk menghasilkan klon unggul baru yang memenuhi standar nasional.  Penelitian ini menguji sembilan genotipe unggul nilam hasil mutasi pada dataran rendah.  Tujuan utama penelitian untuk mendapatkan kestabilan hasil, variabilitas yang luas, mengetahui korelasi tiap parameter, dan kedekatan kelas sepuluh genotipe nilam.  Penelitian menggunakan bahan tanam sembilan klon tanaman nilam hasil koleksi dan satu varietas nilam yang telah rilis di Indonesia sebagai pembanding, yaitu Lhoksemauwe. Perlakuan disusun dalam Rancangan Kelompok Teracak Sempurna dengan tiga ulangan.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada hampir seluruh parameter pengamatan kecuali pada parameter diameter batang.  Genotipe yang digunakan sudah menunjukkan kestabilan hasil pada lokasi Rajabasa Lampung Selatan. Variabilitas pada hampir seluruh parameter menunjukkan kriteria luas kecuali pada parameter turgiditas sel dan rendemen minyak.  Korelasi positif yang signifikan terjadi antara beberapa parameter pengamatan.  Kelas yang terbentuk sebanyak empat kelas dan yang memiliki kedekatan lebih dari 90% ada tiga kelas.
A STATE OF ART AND PROSPECTS OF PLASTIC SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Mikulionok I.O.
Published: June 2021

Basic data on the volume and structure of solid waste in the world and Ukraine are presented. The need to improve the ways of handling plastic solid waste as one of the most dangerous for the environment and promising from the point of view of using their properties is shown. A detailed classification of methods for handling plastic solid waste is proposed and a critical analysis of each of them is given. Particular attention is paid to the methods of disposal of plastic solid waste, in particular, recycling, which makes it possible to effectively use secondary plastic raw materials directly for their intended purpose. The features of physical, chemical, biological and combined processing methods are also considered, in particular combustion, gasification, pyrolysis, plasma decomposition of plastic solid waste, as well as their decomposition under the influence of sunlight and microorganisms. The main ways of solving the problem of plastic solid waste in Ukraine are proposed. Bibl. 83, Fig. 3, Tab. 3.
TECHNOLOGICAL COMPLEX FOR PROCESSING OF SOLID HOUSEHOLD AND TREATMENT FACILITIES WASTE WITH BIOGAS OBTAINING
Authors: Seryogin O.O. , Vasylenko O.V. , Riedel Frank J. , Aigner Helmut
Published: June 2021

A concept has been developed for processing of biologically active sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plants in combination with the organic fraction of municipal solid waste using the BioTech Process. The complex, which makes it possible to implement the proposed concept, does not require additional land plots, and classified secondary raw materials, biogas and high-quality biofertilizers suitable for use in the agricultural industry are the products of its activity. The proposed concept will allow solving several problems at once due to the construction of a waste recycling plant on the territory of the filtration zone of the existing water treatment facilities. The new processing plant will be used not only for processing and sorting of solid waste, but also for treating sludge from wastewater treatment plants, together with organic waste obtained from solid waste in the BioTech Process to obtain biogas and biofertilizers, the so-called compost. The new recycling plant will be environmentally friendly and, among other benefits, will be able to process of municipal solid waste with preliminary sorting and separation of recyclable materials. Bibl. 9, Fig. 1.
PERAN ISTRI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN KELUARGA MUSLIM DI KAMPUNG NELAYAN KECAMATAN MEDAN LABUHAN
Authors: Sahputra Ngatno , Suardi Suardi , Daoed T. Syahril
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis Peran Istri dalam Meningkatkan Pendapatan Keluarga Muslim di Kampung Nelayan Kecamatan Medan Labuhan. Jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif, menggunakan teknik random sampling (sampel acak) dengan jumlah sampel 60 keluarga nelayan. Dengan mengunakan Uji Regresi sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai R square (R2) koefisien determinasi. Nilai R2 yang diperoleh sebesar 0,735 atau 73,5%,  artinya  bahwa variabel dependen pada peningkatan pendapatan rumah tangga mampu dijelaskan oleh variabel independen yaitu peranan istri. Sedangkan sisanya sebesar 26,5% dijelaskan oleh variabel lain di luar variabel penelitian yang digunakan, seperti, jenis pekerjaan, pendidikan, jumlah tanggungan. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa: Peranan istri 2,138 > 2,001 maka H0 ditolak sedangkan Ha diterima artinya bahwa peranan istri memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan secara parsial terhadap peningkatan pendapatan rumah tangga di Medan Labuhan.
Perbandingan Pelaksanaan Imunisasi pada Masa Pandemi dan Non Pandemi Covid-19 di Puskesmas Massenga Polewali Mandar
Authors: Putri Andi Masyita , Saharuddin Saharuddin , Fitriani Rini
Published: June 2021

Latar Belakang: Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada peIayanan kesehatan khususnya imunisasi di beberapa daerah. Pemberian imunisasi dasar sangat penting bagi bayi untuk mencegah penyakit-penyakit yang dapat dicegah dengan imuunisasi, misalnya penyakit polio. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbandingan peIaksanaan imunisasi pada masa pandemi dan non pandemi Covid-19 di Puskesmas Massenga PoIewaIi Mandar.

Metode: PeneIitian ini menggunakan rancangan analitik observationak dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling. SampeI yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah bayi yang berusia 0-11 buIan yang mendapatkan imunisasi dasar di Puskesmas Massenga PoIewaIi Mandar, sesusai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. AnaIisa data yang digunakan adalah anaIisa univariat dan anaIisa bivariat dengan uji T Independent.

Hasil: didapatkan niIai signifikansi (p) perbedaan imunisasi sebesar 0.032. HasiI ini menunjukkan niIai signifikansi , dimana terjadi penurunan cakupan imunisasi sebesar 11.33 % pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di puskesmas Massenga PoIewaIi Mandar.

KesimpuIan: terdapat perbedaan cakupan imunisasi dasar pada masa pandemi dan non pandemi Covid-19.