bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MadQCI: a heterogeneous and scalable SDN-QKD network deployed in production facilities
Authors: Martin V. , Brito J. P. , Ortíz L. , Méndez R. B. , Buruaga J. S. , Vicente R. J. , Sebastián-Lombraña A. , Rincón D. , Pérez F. , Sánchez C. , Peev M. , Brunner H. H. , Fung F. , Poppe A. , Fröwis F. , Shields A. J. , Woodward R. I. , Griesser H. , Roehrich S. , de la Iglesia F. , Abellán C. , Hentschel M. , Rivas-Moscoso J. M. , Pastor-Perales A. , Folgueira J. , López D.
Published: September 2024

Current quantum key distribution (QKD) networks focus almost exclusively on transporting secret keys at the highest possible rate. Consequently, they are built as mostly fixed, ad hoc, logically, and physically isolated infrastructures designed to avoid any penalty to the quantum channel. This architecture is neither scalable nor cost-effective and future, real-world deployments will differ considerably. The structure of the MadQCI QKD network presented here is based on disaggregated components and modern paradigms especially designed for flexibility, upgradability, and facilitating the integration of QKD in the security and telecommunications-networks ecosystem. These underlying ideas have been tested by deploying many QKD systems from several manufacturers in a real-world, multi-tenant telecommunications network, installed in production facilities and sharing the infrastructure with commercial traffic. Different technologies have been used in different links to address the variety of situations and needs that arise in real networks, exploring a wide range of possibilities. Finally, a set of realistic use cases has been implemented to demonstrate the validity and performance of the network. The testing took place during a period close to three years, where most of the nodes were continuously active.
Induction of oxidative- and endoplasmic-reticulum-stress dependent apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cell lines by DDOST knockdown
Authors: Böhme Richard , Schmidt Andreas W. , Hesselbarth Nico , Posern Guido , Sinz Andrea , Ihling Christian , Michl Patrick , Laumen Helmut , Rosendahl Jonas
Published: September 2024

The dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein glycosyltransferase non-catalytic subunit (DDOST) is a key component of the oligosaccharyltransferase complex catalyzing N-linked glycosylation in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. DDOST is associated with several cancers and congenital disorders of glycosylation. However, its role in pancreatic cancer remains elusive, despite its enriched pancreatic expression. Using quantitative mass spectrometry, we identify 30 differentially expressed proteins and phosphopeptides (DEPs) after DDOST knockdown in the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell line PA-TU-8988T. We evaluated DDOST / DEP protein–protein interaction networks using STRING database, correlation of mRNA levels in pancreatic cancer TCGA data, and biological processes annotated to DEPs in Gene Ontology database. The inferred DDOST regulated phenotypes were experimentally verified in two PDAC cell lines, PA-TU-8988T and BXPC-3. We found decreased proliferation and cell viability after DDOST knockdown, whereas ER-stress, ROS-formation and apoptosis were increased. In conclusion, our results support an oncogenic role of DDOST in PDAC by intercepting cell stress events and thereby reducing apoptosis. As such, DDOST might be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for PDAC.
Abscisic acid improves drought resilience, growth, physio-biochemical and quality attributes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at critical growth stages
Authors: Zulfiqar Bilal , Raza Muhammad Aown Sammar , Saleem Muhammad Farrukh , Ali Baber , Aslam Muhammad Usman , Al-Ghamdi Abdullah Ahmed , Elshikh Mohamed S. , Hassan Mahmood Ul , Toleikienė Monika , Ahmed Junaid , Rizwan Muhammad , Iqbal Rashid
Published: September 2024

Wheat is an important staple crop not only in Pakistan but all over the globe. Although the area dedicated to wheat cultivation expands annually, the quantity of wheat harvested is declining due to various biotic and abiotic factors. Global wheat production and output have suffered as a result of the drought, which is largely driven by a lack of water and environmental factors. Organic fertilizers have been shown to reduce the severity of drought. The current research was conducted in semi-arid climates to mitigate the negative effects of drought on wheat during its critical tillering (DTS), flowering (DFS), and grain filling (DGFS) stages through the application of three different abscisic acid treatments: ABA0 (0 mgL−1) control, ABA1 (100 mgL−1) and ABA2 (200 mgL−1). Wheat growth and yield characteristics were severely harmed by drought stress across all critical development stages, with the DGFS stage being particularly vulnerable and leading to a considerable loss in yield. Plant height was increased by 24.25%, the number of fertile tillers by 25.66%, spike length by 17.24%, the number of spikelets per spike by 16.68%, grain count per spike by 11.98%, thousand-grain weight by 14.34%, grain yield by 26.93% and biological yield by 14.55% when abscisic acid (ABA) was applied instead of the control treatment. Moreover, ABA2 increased the more physiological indices (water use efficiency (36.12%), stomatal conductance (44.23%), chlorophyll a (24.5%), chlorophyll b (29.8%), transpiration rate (23.03%), photosynthetic rate (24.84%), electrolyte leakage (− 38.76%) hydrogen peroxide (− 18.09%) superoxide dismutase (15.3%), catalase (20.8%), peroxidase (− 18.09%), and malondialdehyde (− 13.7%)) of drought-stressed wheat as compared to other treatments. In the case of N, P, and K contents in grain were maximally improved with the application of ABA2. Through the use of principal component analysis, we were able to correlate our results across scales and provide an explanation for the observed effects of ABA on wheat growth and production under arid conditions. Overall, ABA application at a rate of 200 mgL−1 is an effective technique to boost wheat grain output by mitigating the negative effects of drought stress.
Cost-effective soft-switching ultra-high step-up DC–DC converter with high power density for DC microgrid application
Authors: Nadermohammadi Ali , Abolhassani Pouya , Seifi Ali , Zarrinehbafan Mohammadreza , Aghakhanlou Pouneh , Hosseini Seyed Hossein , Sabahi Mehran
Published: September 2024

DC microgrids are integral to smart grids, enhancing grid reliability, power quality, and energy efficiency while enabling individual grid independence. They combine distributed and renewable energy sources, reducing overall energy consumption. High-gain DC–DC converters are crucial for elevating voltages from low-voltage DC sources like solar panels and wind turbines in DC microgrids. This paper introduces a non-isolated DC–DC converter designed to achieve ultra-high step-up (UHSU) voltage conversion utilizing a two-winding coupled inductor (CI). The propounded UHSU configuration achieves a substantial voltage increase by employing low duty cycles and a decreased turn ratio for the CI, resulting in a smaller core size. Moreover, this UHSU circuit incorporates soft-switching capabilities for both power switches and diodes, enhancing its efficiency. By keeping the voltage stress on the switches low, the design minimizes losses and improves overall efficiency. The operational modes are thoroughly analyzed, and comparisons with other topologies are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proffered UHSU circuit. Finally, the performance of the UHSU circuit is validated through the construction and testing of a 150-W laboratory prototype operating at a switching frequency of 50 kHz, with Vin = 20 V and Vout = 300 V.
The carbon emission reduction effect of green fiscal policy: a quasi-natural experiment
Authors: Wang Shuguang , Zhang Zequn , Zhou Zhicheng , Zhong Shen
Published: September 2024

Carbon emission reduction is crucial for mitigating global climate change, and green fiscal policies, through providing economic incentives and reallocating resources, are key means to achieve carbon reduction targets. This paper uses data covering 248 cities from 2003 to 2019 and applies a multi-period difference-in-differences model (DID) to thoroughly assess the impact of energy conservation and emission reduction (ECER) fiscal policies on enhancing carbon emission (CE1) reduction and carbon efficiency (CE2). It further analyzes the mediating role of Green Innovation (GI), exploring how it strengthens the impact of ECER policies. We find that: (1) ECER policies significantly promote the improvement of carbon reduction and CE2, a conclusion that remains robust after excluding the impacts of concurrent policy influences, sample selection biases, outliers, and other random factors. (2) ECER policies enhance CE1 reduction and CE2 in pilot cities by promoting green innovation, and this conclusion is confirmed by Sobel Z tests. (3) The effects of ECER policies on CE1 reduction and the improvement of CE2 are more pronounced in higher-level cities, the eastern regions and non-resource cities. This research provides policy makers with suggestions, highlighting that incentivizing green innovation through green fiscal policies is an effective path to achieving carbon reduction goals.
Enabling target-aware molecule generation to follow multi objectives with Pareto MCTS
Authors: Yang Yaodong , Chen Guangyong , Li Jinpeng , Li Junyou , Zhang Odin , Zhang Xujun , Li Lanqing , Hao Jianye , Wang Ercheng , Heng Pheng-Ann
Published: September 2024

Target-aware drug discovery has greatly accelerated the drug discovery process to design small-molecule ligands with high binding affinity to disease-related protein targets. Conditioned on targeted proteins, previous works utilize various kinds of deep generative models and have shown great potential in generating molecules with strong protein-ligand binding interactions. However, beyond binding affinity, effective drug molecules must manifest other essential properties such as high drug-likeness, which are not explicitly addressed by current target-aware generative methods. In this article, aiming to bridge the gap of multi-objective target-aware molecule generation in the field of deep learning-based drug discovery, we propose ParetoDrug, a Pareto Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) generation algorithm. ParetoDrug searches molecules on the Pareto Front in chemical space using MCTS to enable synchronous optimization of multiple properties. Specifically, ParetoDrug utilizes pretrained atom-by-atom autoregressive generative models for the exploration guidance to desired molecules during MCTS searching. Besides, when selecting the next atom symbol, a scheme named ParetoPUCT is proposed to balance exploration and exploitation. Benchmark experiments and case studies demonstrate that ParetoDrug is highly effective in traversing the large and complex chemical space to discover novel compounds with satisfactory binding affinities and drug-like properties for various multi-objective target-aware drug discovery tasks.
Unforeseen advantage of looser focusing in vacuum laser acceleration
Authors: De Andres Aitor , Bhadoria Shikha , Marmolejo Javier Tello , Muschet Alexander , Fischer Peter , Reza Barzegar Hamid , Blackburn Thomas , Gonoskov Arkady , Hanstorp Dag , Marklund Mattias , Veisz Laszlo
Published: September 2024

Acceleration of electrons in vacuum directly by intense laser fields holds great promise for the generation of high-charge, ultrashort, relativistic electron bunches. While the energy gain is expected to be higher with tighter focusing, this does not account for the reduced acceleration range, which is limited by diffraction. Here, we present the results of an experimental investigation that exposed nanotips to relativistic few-cycle laser pulses. We demonstrate the vacuum laser acceleration of electron beams with 100s pC charge and 15 MeV energy. Two different focusing geometries, with normalized vector potential a0 of 9.8 and 3.8, produced comparable overall charge and electron spectra, despite a factor of almost ten difference in peak intensity. Our results are in good agreement with 3D particle-in-cell simulations, which indicate the importance of dephasing.
Robust future projections of global spatial distribution of major tropical cyclones and sea level pressure gradients
Authors: Murakami Hiroyuki , Cooke William F. , Mizuta Ryo , Endo Hirokazu , Yoshida Kohei , Wang Shuai , Hsu Pang-Chi
Published: September 2024

Despite the profound societal impacts of intense tropical cyclones (TCs), prediction of future changes in their regional occurrence remains challenging owing to climate model limitations and to the infrequent occurrence of such TCs. Here we reveal projected changes in the frequency of major TC occurrence (i.e., maximum sustained wind speed: ≥ 50 m s−1) on the regional scale. Two independent high-resolution climate models projected similar changes in major TC occurrence. Their spatial patterns highlight an increase in the Central Pacific and a reduction in occurrence in the Southern Hemisphere—likely attributable to anthropogenic climate change. Furthermore, this study suggests that major TCs can modify large-scale sea-level pressure fields, potentially leading to the abrupt onset of strong wind speeds even when the storm centers are thousands of kilometers away. This study highlights the amplified risk of storm-related hazards, specifically in the Central Pacific, even when major TCs are far from the populated regions.
Large area kidney imaging for pre-transplant evaluation using real-time robotic optical coherence tomography
Authors: Ma Xihan , Moradi Mousa , Ma Xiaoyu , Tang Qinggong , Levi Moshe , Chen Yu , Zhang Haichong K.
Published: September 2024

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be used to image microstructures of human kidneys. However, current OCT probes exhibit inadequate field-of-view, leading to potentially biased kidney assessment. Here we present a robotic OCT system where the probe is integrated to a robot manipulator, enabling wider area (covers an area of 106.39 mm by 37.70 mm) spatially-resolved imaging. Our system comprehensively scans the kidney surface at the optimal altitude with preoperative path planning and OCT image-based feedback control scheme. It further parameterizes and visualizes microstructures of large area. We verified the system positioning accuracy on a phantom as 0.0762 ± 0.0727 mm and showed the clinical feasibility by scanning ex vivo kidneys. The parameterization reveals vasculatures beneath the kidney surface. Quantification on the proximal convoluted tubule of a human kidney yields clinical-relevant information. The system promises to assess kidney viability for transplantation after collecting a vast amount of whole-organ parameterization and patient outcomes data.
Upwind moisture supply increases risk to water security
Authors: Posada-Marín José , Salazar Juan , Rulli Maria Cristina , Wang-Erlandsson Lan , Jaramillo Fernando
Published: September 2024

Transboundary assessments of water security typically adopt an ‘upstream’ perspective, focusing on hazards and vulnerabilities occurring within a given hydrological basin. However, as the moisture that provides precipitation in the hydrological basin probably originates ‘upwind’, hazards and vulnerabilities potentially altering the moisture supply can be overlooked. Here we perform a global assessment of risk to water security in 379 hydrological basins accounting for upwind vulnerabilities and hazards from limited governance and environmental performance. We compare this upwind assessment with the more conventional approach focusing upstream. We find that accounting for upwind moisture supply increases the assessed risk to water security. The upwind perspective results in 32,900 km3 yr−1 of water requirements (that is, the specific water needs of vegetation for their development) under very high risk, compared with 20,500 km3 yr−1 under the upstream perspective. This study pinpoints the need to account for upwind moisture dependencies in global water-related risk assessments.
Stalled ribosome rescue factors exert different roles depending on types of antibiotics in Escherichia coli
Authors: Mikami Mayu , Shimizu Hidehiko , Iwama Norika , Yajima Mihono , Kuwasako Kanako , Ogura Yoshitoshi , Himeno Hyouta , Kurita Daisuke , Nameki Nobukazu
Published: September 2024

Escherichia coli possesses three stalled-ribosome rescue factors, tmRNA·SmpB (primary factor), ArfA (alternative factor to tmRNA·SmpB), and ArfB. Here, we examined the susceptibility of rescue factor-deficient strains from E. coli SE15 to various ribosome-targeting antibiotics. Aminoglycosides specifically decreased the growth of the ΔssrA (tmRNA gene) strain, in which the levels of reactive oxygen species were elevated. The decrease in growth of ΔssrA could not be complemented by plasmid-borne expression of arfA, arfB, or ssrAAA to DD mutant gene possessing a proteolysis-resistant tag sequence. These results highlight the significance of tmRNA·SmpB-mediated proteolysis during growth under aminoglycoside stress. In contrast, tetracyclines or amphenicols decreased the growth of the ΔarfA strain despite the presence of tmRNA·SmpB. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed that tetracyclines and amphenicols, but not aminoglycosides, considerably induced mRNA expression of arfA. These findings indicate that tmRNA·SmpB, and ArfA exert differing functions during stalled-ribosome rescue depending on the type of ribosome-targeting antibiotic.
Quantitative microbiology with widefield microscopy: navigating optical artefacts for accurate interpretations
Authors: Hardo Georgeos , Li Ruizhe , Bakshi Somenath
Published: September 2024

Time-resolved live-cell imaging using widefield microscopy is instrumental in quantitative microbiology research. It allows researchers to track and measure the size, shape, and content of individual microbial cells over time. However, the small size of microbial cells poses a significant challenge in interpreting image data, as their dimensions approache that of the microscope’s depth of field, and they begin to experience significant diffraction effects. As a result, 2D widefield images of microbial cells contain projected 3D information, blurred by the 3D point spread function. In this study, we employed simulations and targeted experiments to investigate the impact of diffraction and projection on our ability to quantify the size and content of microbial cells from 2D microscopic images. This study points to some new and often unconsidered artefacts resulting from the interplay of projection and diffraction effects, within the context of quantitative microbiology. These artefacts introduce substantial errors and biases in size, fluorescence quantification, and even single-molecule counting, making the elimination of these errors a complex task. Awareness of these artefacts is crucial for designing strategies to accurately interpret micrographs of microbes. To address this, we present new experimental designs and machine learning-based analysis methods that account for these effects, resulting in accurate quantification of microbiological processes.
Spin and orbital magnetism by light in rutile altermagnets
Authors: Adamantopoulos Theodoros , Merte Maximilian , Freimuth Frank , Go Dongwook , Zhang Lishu , Ležaić Marjana , Feng Wanxiang , Yao Yugui , Sinova Jairo , Šmejkal Libor , Blügel Stefan , Mokrousov Yuriy
Published: September 2024

While the understanding of altermagnetism is still at a very early stage, it is expected to play a role in various fields of condensed matter research, for example spintronics, caloritronics and superconductivity. In the field of optical magnetism, it is still unclear to which extent altermagnets as a class can exhibit a distinct behavior. Here we choose RuO2, a prototype metallic altermagnet with a giant spin splitting, and CoF2, an experimentally known insulating altermagnet, to study the light-induced magnetism in rutile altermagnets from first-principles. We demonstrate that in the non-relativisic limit the allowed sublattice-resolved orbital response exhibits symmetries, imposed by altermagnetism, which lead to a drastic canting of light-induced moments. On the other hand, we find that inclusion of spin-orbit interaction enhances the overall effect drastically, introduces a significant anisotropy with respect to the light polarization and strongly suppresses the canting of induced moments. Remarkably, we observe that the moments induced by linearly-polarized laser pulses in light altermagnets can even exceed in magnitude those predicted for heavy ferromagnets exposed to circularly polarized light. By resorting to microscopic tools we interpret our results in terms of the altermagnetic spin splittings and of their reciprocal space distribution. Based on our findings, we speculate that optical excitations may provide a unique tool to switch and probe the magnetic state of rutile altermagnets.
In silico selection of aptamers against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Akmal Shukri Amir Muhaimin , Wang Seok Mui , Feng Chaoli , Chia Suet Lin , Mohd Nawi Siti Farah Alwani , Citartan Marimuthu
Published: September 2024

A myrid of aptamers were isolated thus far against SARS-CoV-2 by using in silico selection.
Revealing the heterogeneous catalytic kinetics of PtRu nanocatalysts at the single particle level
Authors: Zhang Bowei , Zhang Dezheng , Bao Jinpeng , Han Ce , Song Ping , Xu Weilin
Published: September 2024

The difference in kinetic information among PtRu bimetallic nanocatalysts, Pt and Ru monometallic nanocatalysts is revealed by the single-molecule fluorescence technique.
The design, synthesis and application of metal–organic framework-based fluorescence sensors
Authors: He Juan , Wen Guijiao , Peng Qianqian , Hou Xiandeng
Published: September 2024

This feature article summarizes the synthesis and application of metal–organic framework-based fluorescence sensors.
Sustainable phosphorescent oscillators based on photochemical deoxygenation in convections
Authors: Zhou Hongqi , Chen Sihan , He Jiang , Lu Wei
Published: September 2024

A phosphorescent oscillator converts constant photo-excitation into periodically oscillating phosphorescence with modulatable frequency and amplitude.
Quantum tunnelling dominates chloride leaching from polyvinyl chloride
Authors: Olajide Gbolagade , Szilvási Tibor
Published: September 2024

Quantum tunnelling drives chloride leaching from polyvinyl chloride to water offering new insights into plastic degradation and transformation processes.
Soluble inorganic quantum dots as an electrolyte additive to boost lithium–sulfur battery performance
Authors: Liu Liwei , Song Ziyao , Qi Zhihao , Yang Lijun , Wang Xizhang , Hu Zheng , Wu Qiang
Published: September 2024

Soluble MoS2 quantum dots (QDs) capable of ‘solidifying’ polysulfides by chemisorption and promoting sulfur conversion by electrocatalysis enhance the performance of lithium–sulfur batteries as electrolyte additives.
Molten-salt-induced structural heterogeneity of carbon nitride for efficient photocatalytic H2O2 production
Authors: Wang Yonghai , Zhang Hui , Wei Deming , Shangguan Li , Guo Yu , Sun Jianhua
Published: September 2024

In the prepared molecular heterostructured carbon nitride, the intimately connected heptazine and triazine units effectively accelerate charge transport, leading to a remarkably enhanced photocatalytic H2O2 production.
A povarov-type reaction to access tetrahydroquinolines fromN-benzylhydroxylamines and alkenes in HFIP
Authors: Pozhydaiev Valentyn , Al-Othman Daniella , Moran Joseph , Lebœuf David
Published: September 2024

Here, we report the synthesis of tetrahydroquinolines between newly developedN-benzylhydroxylamine reagents and alkenes using HFIP as a solvent.
Novel cesium cerium(iv) iodate Cs2Ce(IO3)6: hydrothermal synthesis, crystal structures and thermal stability
Authors: Grigorieva Oksana P. , Shvanskaya Larisa V. , Shatalova Tatiana B. , Zolotarev Andrey A. , Berdonosov Peter S. , Dolgikh Valery A.
Published: September 2024

A new cesium cerium(iv) iodate, Cs2Ce(IO3)6, was synthesized hydrothermally and studied in detail. Cs2Ce(IO3)6 shows high thermal stability in the air at temperatures up to 414 °C and is a promising candidate for studying photocatalytic activity.
Spin coherence and magnetization dynamics of TMA2[KCo1−xFex(CN)6] toward coordination-framework spin qubits
Authors: Gupta Shraddha , Wakizaka Masanori , Yamane Takeshi , Sato Kazunobu , Ishikawa Ryuta , Funakoshi Nobuto , Yamashita Masahiro
Published: September 2024

This work reports the first example of a CN-derived three-dimensional coordination-framework, TMA2[KCo1−xFex(CN)6], as a spin qubit and explores its viability through the study of magnetization dynamics and spin coherence.
Separation of oxygen from nitrogen using a graphdiyne membrane: a quantum-mechanical study
Authors: Rafiei Maryam A. , Campos-Martínez José , Bartolomei Massimiliano , Pirani Fernando , Maghari Ali , Hernández Marta I.
Published: September 2024

Graphdiyne promises a large selectivity for the separation of oxygen and nitrogen from air.
CO2 activation by copper oxide clusters: size, composition, and charge state dependence
Authors: Mikolaj Pavol , Zamora Yusti Barbara , Nyulászi László , Bakker Joost M. , Höltzl Tibor , Lang Sandra M.
Published: September 2024

Infrared multiple-photon dissociation (IR-MPD) spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal a strongly charge dependent activation of CO2 by copper oxide clusters.
Role of non-statistical effects in deciding the fate of HO3˙ in the atmosphere
Authors: Rai Philips Kumar , Kumar Pradeep
Published: September 2024

Using on-the-fly semiclassical dynamics, we argue that if non-RRKM effects are included, the lifetime of HO3˙ may be higher than that estimated from the binding energy.
Co(ii)–Cu(ii) mixed-oxide catalysts for single-step synthesis of 2,4,5-triaryl-1H-imidazole derivatives under microwave irradiation
Authors: Jopale Manohar K. , Zheng Zhiyong , Choi Soowon , Shelke Bharat N. , Mharsale Nilesh , Patil Shripad , Chine Sonali S. , Gade Vilas , Kahane Shital V. , Bulakhe Ravindra N. , Kim Ji Man , Kategaonkar Amol H.
Published: September 2024

In this study, a catalyst composite of Co–Cu was prepared from chloride-containing precursors of Co(ii) and Cu(ii) metals using the milky latex of the Euphorbia neriifolia plant following green principles of synthesis.
Impact of particle size separation on the stabilisation efficiency of heavy-metal-contaminated soil: a meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Lixia , Zhang Yunlong , Wu Bo , Hu Enzhu , Li Linlin , Qu Longlong , Li Shuqi
Published: September 2024

The meta-method was used to analyze the impact of soil sieving particle size on the unit stabilisation efficiency of heavy metals.
Review of in vitro studies evaluating respiratory toxicity of aerosols: impact of cell types, chemical composition, and atmospheric processing
Authors: Salana Sudheer , Verma Vishal
Published: September 2024

This review focuses on the impact of cell types and other experimental factors such as exposure duration, dose, chemical composition, and atmospheric processing of PM, on the results of cell-based assays.
Future production of yeast biomass for sustainable proteins: a critical review
Authors: Martin Gregory J. O. , Chan Sitha
Published: September 2024

This article reviews current knowledge that can be applied to sustainable production of yeast biomass for food applications.
Efficient and selective extraction of oleanolic acid from grape pomace with dimethyl carbonate
Authors: Errichiello Francesco , Cucciniello Raffaele , Tomasini Michele , Falivene Laura , Gambuti Angelita , Cassiano Chiara , Forino Martino
Published: September 2024

A selective and environmentally friendly method for the extraction of oleanolic acid from grape pomace using bio-based and non-toxic dimethyl carbonate.
Solid-state and aggregation-induced emission of novel bicyclic and tricyclic difluoroboron heterocycles
Authors: Žabenská Martina , Capolungo Chiara , Mariani Chiara , Genovese Damiano , Mikysek Tomáš , Váňa Jiří , Růžička Aleš , Josefík František , Svobodová Markéta , Šimůnek Petr
Published: September 2024

Here, six novel bicyclic and tricyclic difluoroboron NBN and OBN heterocycles were designed for their strong potential as active layers in optoelectronics and responsive units in sensing applications.
The deployment of an NOTT-300 (Al) MOF thin film as a NO2 capacitive sensor under ambient conditions
Authors: Tchalala Mohamed Rachid , Shekhah Osama , Belmabkhout Youssef , Jiang Hao , Salama Khaled N. , Eddaoudi Mohamed
Published: September 2024

The unique sensing properties of MOF-based sensors could pave the way for their practical implementation in sensing applications.
A review of advanced helical fibers: formation mechanism, preparation, properties, and applications
Authors: Ding Minmin , Yang Xiuling , Liu Yanbo , Zeng Shiyi , Duan Gaigai , Huang Yong , Liang Zhao , Zhang Peng , Ji Jian , Jiang Shaohua
Published: September 2024

Preparation methods and applications of helical fibers.
Glucose oxidase intercalation into polydopamine and ZIF-8 as a highly efficient and stable bio-catalyst for H2O2 production
Authors: Zhang Yalin , Yang Xiaoyue , Liu Xinlong , Zhang Zhijie , Liao Xiaoyuan
Published: September 2024

Glucose oxidase has great potential as a bio-catalyst for the determination of glucose and H2O2 concentration, but it is sensitive to environmental influences and has poor recoverability.
Preparation of S-doped CuCoO2 nanosheets with more oxygen defects for efficient oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Jiang Chao , Bai Jilin , Shen Qingyang , Ku Xin , Liao Wei , Xiong Dehua
Published: September 2024

S doping enhances the proportion of oxygen defect sites, significantly improving electrical conductivity and accelerating surface dynamics, which promotes the OER activity of CuCoO2.
Palladium-catalyzed electrochemical C(sp3)–H acetoxylation of alcohol derivatives with an exo-directing group
Authors: Ogawa Daisuke , Sasaki Ayumu , Kochi Takuya , Kakiuchi Fumitoshi
Published: September 2024

Palladium-catalyzed electrochemical C(sp3)–H acetoxylation to prepare 1,2-diol derivatives was achieved using oxime ethers as exo-directing groups.
Organophotocatalytic pyridination of N-arylglycines with 4-cyanopyridines by decarboxylative and decyanative radical–radical coupling
Authors: Pan Changduo , Xiang Chengli , Yu Jin-Tao
Published: September 2024

A photoredox-catalyzed decarboxylative aminoalkylation of 4-cyanopyridines with N-arylglycines is achieved to provide 4-(aminomethyl)pyridine derivatives through a radical–radical cross-coupling process.
Acid/base responsive pseudo[3]rotaxanes from amine naphthotubes and bis-pyridinium/isoquinolinium guests
Authors: Zheng Li-Shuo , Nian Hao , Wang Song-Meng , Wang Yan-Fang , Jiang Wei , Wang Li-Li , Yang Liu-Pan
Published: September 2024

A pH-controllable pseudo[3]rotaxane system with naked-eye color changes in solution from electron-rich amine naphthotubes and bis-pyridinium/isoquinolinium salts was achieved with positive cooperativity.
Stabilization of lattice oxygen in lithium rich cathode materials via manipulating Ni content
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyuan , Li Xiangnan , Liu Wenfeng , Zhang Huishuang , Yue Hongyun , Dong Hongyu , Li Yongfang , Yang Shuting , Yin Yanhong
Published: September 2024

Increasing the Ni content in LLOs helps to reduce the number of intrinsic Vo, thereby stabilizing the lattice oxygen. HLR materials with high Ni content exhibit improved cycling stability and lower voltage decay.
Breaking graphite through a ball-milling process: the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of polyethylene composites
Authors: Liu Yuan , Zhang Jimin , Wang Xianhong , Liu Yingchun , Hu Xiuli , Cao Chaochao , Qu Xiongwei , Abdel-Magid Beckry
Published: September 2024

Octadecylamine (ODA)-grafted EGP (ODA@EGP) and subsequent polyethylene/ODA@EGP composites with high thermal conductivity and robust mechanical properties are successfully prepared via ball-milling and melt-mixing methods, respectively.
Molecular dynamics simulating the effects of Shockley-type stacking faults on the radiation displacement cascades in 4H-SiC
Authors: Jiang Shangting , Li Ye , Zhang Ye , Chen Changchang , Chen Zhiyong , Zhu Weihua , He Hongyu , Wang Xinlin
Published: September 2024

Four-layer hexagonal silicon carbide (4H-SiC) is a promising material for high-temperature and radiation-rich environments due to its excellent thermal conductivity and radiation resistance. Shockley-type stacking faults serve as one of the factors influencing the radiation resistance of 4H-SiC.
A Cd-based MOF: iodine capture and enhanced efficiency of perovskite solar cells
Authors: Hou Yaxin , Liu Yang , Chai Juan
Published: September 2024

In this work, a Cd-based metal–organic framework (MOF) {Cd(H2L)2}n (Cd-MOF) (L = 5-(3-carboxypyridin-4-yl)isophthalic acid) has been synthesized solvothermally and characterized.
Opto-electrical evaluation of visible blind fast-response nanostructured SnO2/Si photodetector
Authors: Salih Ethar Yahya
Published: September 2024

Considerably high photoresponsive characteristics of an extremely low bias driven, fast-response, and visible-blind SnO2/Si heterojunction photodetector via pulsed laser deposition.
Correction: Development and characterization of three-dimensional antibacterial nanocomposite sponges of chitosan, silver nanoparticles and halloysite nanotubes
Authors: Hernández-Rangel A. , Silva-Bermudez P. , Almaguer-Flores A. , García V. I. , Esparza R. , Luna-Barcenas Gabriel , Velasquillo C.
Published: September 2024

Correction for ‘Development and characterization of three-dimensional antibacterial nanocomposite sponges of chitosan, silver nanoparticles and halloysite nanotubes’ by A. Hernández-Rangel et al., RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 24910–24927, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA04274C.
Enhancement of hole capture and water dissociation on rutile TiO2(110) by intermolecular hydrogen bonding: time-domain ab initio study
Authors: Zhang Yitong , Cheng Cheng , Wu Yifan , Prezhdo Oleg V. , Long Run
Published: September 2024

Enhanced intermolecular hydrogen bonds accelerate photogenerated hole capture and water dissociation.
Boosted Li2CO3 reversible conversion utilizing Cu-doped TiB MBene/graphene for Li–CO2 batteries
Authors: Luo Tingting , Peng Qiong , Yang Mengmeng , Hu Haojie , Ding Junfei , Chen Yanli , Gong Xiu , Yang Jingliang , Qu Yunpeng , Zhou Zeyou , Qi Xiaosi , Sun Zhimei
Published: September 2024

By tuning the electronic structures through doping and strain engineering, we achieved a superior Cu doped TiB/graphene catalyst with boosted bifunctional activity for Li2CO3 reversible conversion.
Ni@TiO2 nanoribbon array electrode for high-efficiency non-enzymatic glucose biosensing
Authors: Wu Peilin , Yang Jianying , Tai Yunze , He Xun , Zhang Limei , Fan Jiwen , Yao Yongchao , Ying Binwu , Hu Wenchuang (Walter) , Luo Fengming , Sun Xuping , Li Yi
Published: September 2024

A Ni nanoparticle-decorated TiO2 nanoribbon array on a Ti plate serves as a highly efficient electrode for non-enzymatic glucose biosensing in alkaline environments.
A dual-mode wearable sensor with electrophysiological and pressure sensing for cuffless blood pressure monitoring
Authors: Jiang Nan , Chen Gangsheng , Zhou Fan , Ma Biao , Zhao Chao , Liu Hong
Published: September 2024

A wearable dual-mode sensor is created by integrating liquid metal into an ionogel. It can simultaneously monitor both the electrocardiogram and arterial pulse to simplify the measurement of the pulse transit time and thus the blood pressure.
A thienothiophene and anthracene based functional hyperbranched polymer: synthesis, photophysical properties and photocatalytic studies
Authors: Isci Recep , Bildirir Hakan , Gunturkun Dilara , Gomez-Mendoza Miguel , Liras Marta , de la Peña O’Shea Víctor A. , Ozturk Turan
Published: September 2024

Conjugated polymer photocatalysts containing thienothiophene are emerging to be important in the field of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, owing to their tunable molecular structures and electronic properties.
REV-ERBα agonist SR10067 attenuates Th2 cytokine-mediated barrier dysfunction in human bronchial epithelial cells
Authors: Duraisamy Santhosh Kumar , Sundar Isaac Kirubakaran
Published: September 2024

Allergens and Th2 cytokines affect the homeostatic environment in the airways, leading to increased mucus production by goblet cells associated with altered adherens junctional complex (AJC) and tight junction (TJ) proteins responsible for maintaining epithelial barrier function. Circadian clock-dependent regulatory mechanisms such as inflammation and epithelial barrier function are gaining more attention due to their therapeutic potential against allergic inflammatory lung diseases. Currently, there are no studies to support whether REV-ERBα activation can attenuate Th2 cytokine-induced epithelial barrier dysfunction in human bronchial epithelial cells. We hypothesized that Th2 cytokine-induced epithelial barrier dysfunction may be protected by activating REV-ERBα. Treatment with Th2 cytokines or HDM significantly reduced the cell impedance, as confirmed by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). However, pre-treatment with SR10067 attenuated Th2 cytokine-induced barrier dysfunction, such as decreased permeability, improved TEER, localization of AJC and TJ proteins, and mRNA and protein levels of selected epithelial barrier and circadian clock targets. Overall, we showed for the first time that REV-ERBα activation regulates altered epithelial barrier function that may have direct implications for the treatment of asthma and other allergic diseases.
Eighteen new fast radio bursts in the High Time Resolution Universe survey
Authors: Trudu M. , Possenti A. , Pilia M. , Bailes M. , Keane E. F. , Kramer M. , Balakrishnan V. , Bhandari S. , Bhat N. D. R. , Burgay M. , Cameron A. , Champion D. J. , Jameson A. , Johnston S. , Keith M. J. , Levin L. , Ng C. , Sengar R. , Tiburzi C.
Published: September 2024

Context. Current observational evidence reveals that fast radio bursts (FRBs) exhibit bandwidths ranging from a few dozen MHz to several GHz. Traditional FRB searches primarily employ matched filter methods on time series collapsed across the entire observational bandwidth. However, with modern ultrawideband receivers featuring gigahertz-scale observational bandwidths, this approach may overlook a significant number of events.

Aims. We investigate the efficacy of sub-banded searches for FRBs, whereby we look for bursts within limited portions of the bandwidth. The aim of these searches is to enhance the significance of FRB detections by mitigating the impact of noise outside the targeted frequency range, thereby improving signal-to-noise ratios.

Methods. We conducted a series of Monte Carlo simulations for the 400-MHz bandwidth Parkes 21-cm multi-beam (PMB) receiver system and the Parkes Ultra-Wideband Low (UWL) receiver, simulating bursts down to frequency widths of about 100 MHz. Additionally, we performed a complete reprocessing of the high-latitude segment of the High Time Resolution Universe South survey (HTRU-S) of the Parkes-Murriyang telescope using sub-banded search techniques.

Results. Simulations reveal that a sub-banded search can enhance the burst search efficiency by 67−42+133% for the PMB system and 1433−126+143% for the UWL receiver. Furthermore, the reprocessing of HTRU led to the confident detection of 18 new bursts, nearly tripling the count of FRBs found in this survey.

Conclusions. These results underscore the importance of employing sub-banded search methodologies to effectively address the often modest spectral occupancy of these signals.
Magnetic helicity and energy budgets of jet events from an emerging solar active region
Authors: Nindos A. , Patsourakos S. , Moraitis K. , Archontis V. , Liokati E. , Georgoulis M. K. , Norton A. A.
Published: September 2024

Using photospheric vector magnetograms obtained by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory and a magnetic connectivity-based method, we computed the magnetic helicity and free magnetic energy budgets of a simple bipolar solar active region (AR) during its magnetic flux-emergence phase, which lasted ∼47 h. The AR did not produce any coronal mass ejections (CMEs) or flares with an X-ray class above C1.0, but it was the site of 60 jet events during its flux-emergence phase. The helicity and free energy budgets of the AR were below established eruption-related thresholds throughout the interval we studied. However, in addition to their slowly varying evolution, each of the time profiles of the helicity and free energy budgets showed discrete localized peaks, with eight pairs of them occurring at times of jets emanating from the AR. These jets featured larger base areas and longer durations than the other jets of the AR. We estimated, for the first time, the helicity and free magnetic energy changes associated with these eight jets, which were in the ranges of 0.5 − 7.1 × 1040 Mx2 and 1.1 − 6.9 × 1029 erg, respectively. Although these values are one to two orders of magnitude smaller than those usually associated with CMEs, the relevant percentage changes were significant and ranged from 13% to 76% for the normalized helicity and from 9% to 57% for the normalized free magnetic energy. Our study indicates that jets may occasionally have a significant imprint in the evolution of helicity and free magnetic energy budgets of emerging ARs.
Epiphytic macroalgae of maricultured Sargassum and their potential utilizations
Authors: Chen Binbin , Zhang Huawei , Ma Zengling , Wu Mingjiang
Published: September 2024

Epiphytism commonly occurs in marine benthic macroalgae and seagrass communities under natural conditions and those of mariculture. This can greatly obstruct the cultivation of commercial seaweeds and ultimately impacts the seaweed aquaculture industry negatively. Against a background of climate change and a rapidly increasing market demand, the commercial Sargassum species is experiencing increasing challenges posed by epiphytic macroalgae. Severely reduced growth, lower quality, the emergence of diseases, and the ultimate death of the algae can lead to a commercial loss. Attempts to limit epiphytic macroalgae in aquaculture have so far been inefficient. However, epiphytic macroalgae are also rich in nutritional compounds and their relative biomass could be used as efficiently as the cultivated seaweed. As epiphytes cannot effectively be controlled by the current physical, chemical, and other methods in most cases, the perspective of comprehensive utilization could be an alternative over complete prevention and control by traditional methods. Compared to the existing strategies for controlling the growth and spread of epiphytes in seaweed aquaculture, the integrated and indiscriminate harvest and utilization of epiphytic macroalgae as fertilizer, animal food additive agents, as well as the development of biodegradable materials, might prove to be alternative valorization. However, the implementation of epiphytic macroalgae utilizations still needs to overcome the technical obstacles.
Gravel washing as a lacustrine spawning habitat restoration method for smallmouth bass
Authors: Glassman Daniel M. , Hlina Benjamin L. , Donaldson Lisa A. , Abrams Alice E.I. , Bergman Jordanna N. , Chhor Auston , Stoot Lauren J. , Cooke Steven J.
Published: September 2024

Smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) spawn on gravel and cobble in the littoral zone of lakes that may become degraded by the presence of fine sediments and decomposing organic matter. Substrate size and composition have been identified as important variables for nest site selection by male smallmouth bass. We tested whether ‘cleaning’ substrate by removing sediment with a pressure washer would increase the number of bass nests or the average total length (mm) of nesting smallmouth bass in selected areas of Big Rideau Lake, Ontario, Canada the following year using a before-after control-impact design. Treatment was not a significant predictor of nest abundance or average male length. Considering the strength of the experimental design it is reasonable to conclude that this intervention failed to enhance spawning substrate for smallmouth bass. Understanding the factors that maintain productive spawning sites for smallmouth bass is important to restoration effectiveness and determining where habitat enhancement will provide the greatest benefits.
Processus d’innovation des agriculteurs dans les palmeraies du sud du Bénin : quelles perspectives pour l’intensification agroécologique ?
Authors: Koussihouèdé Hermione , Yemadje Rolland H. , Aholoukpè Hervé N.S. , Clermont-Dauphin Cathy , Rafflegeau Sylvain
Published: September 2024

L’agroforesterie constitue une forme d’intensification agroécologique. Les agriculteurs du sud du Bénin innovent ainsi dans leurs palmeraies pour faire face aux pressions foncière et alimentaire, corollaires de l’accroissement démographique. Afin d’accompagner les actions collectives en faveur de la durabilité, cette étude vise à identifier les freins et les leviers au développement des innovations en cours dans les palmeraies du sud du Bénin en s’appuyant sur les connaissances disponibles sur le système sociotechnique, la gestion agronomique et les performances atteintes. Sur le plan méthodologique, ces connaissances sont issues de travaux de recherches qui mobilisent le diagnostic agronomique régional et sociotechnique. Dans les systèmes traditionnels où des palmiers « tout venant » sont plantés par les propriétaires terriens pour produire du vin de palme, les métayers augmentent le nombre de cycles de cultures annuelles associées en intégrant les fertilisations minérale et organique à leurs pratiques. Dans les systèmes villageois, les élaeiculteurs introduisent différentes cultures annuelles entre les palmiers immatures pour satisfaire différents objectifs selon les types d’exploitation. Les freins au développement de ces innovations sont liés aux incompatibilités entre les visions et stratégies innovantes des différents acteurs. Dans les systèmes traditionnels, cette divergence de vision génère des conflits fonciers entre les métayers et les propriétaires terriens qui observent un ralentissement de la croissance des palmiers et rompent les accords fonciers en pensant que les pratiques des métayers épuisent leurs sols. Dans les systèmes villageois, l’accompagnement technique des acteurs de la recherche-développement est axé sur des itinéraires normatifs de culture du palmier à huile, alors que les élaeiculteurs ont aussi besoin de raisonner la fertilisation des cultures associées. Plusieurs perspectives d’intensification agroécologique sont ensuite discutées pour soutenir la transition agroécologique de la filière béninoise du palmier à huile.
Advanced Stock Market Forecasting: A Comparative Analysis of ARIMA-GARCH, LSTM, and Integrated Wavelet-LSTM Models
Authors: Wang Minhao
Published: September 2024

In the era of big data, accurate forecasting of corporate data is crucial for formulating effective strategies and decisions. This paper focuses on the prediction of key corporate indicators, taking TSLA, JD, MSFT, and TCEHY as case studies. It explores the application of three forecasting models: ARIMA-GARCH, LSTM, and Wavelet-LSTM. By comparing the predictive accuracy of these models, we find that each model has its strengths and weaknesses under different data characteristics. The study not only emphasizes the importance of accurate forecasting for corporate management and market prediction but also summarizes the adaptability and limitations of different models in dealing with complex time series data, providing valuable reference and insights for similar forecasting tasks.