bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crisis of decolonising education: Curriculum implementation in Limpopo Province of South Africa
Authors: Musitha Mavhungu E. , Mafukata Mavhungu A.
Published: January 2018

There is a consensus amongst social scientists and public administration practitioners about the importance of decolonising the education system in Africa and South Africa. Decolonising the education system is viewed as a catalyst to create human capital that will promote economic development to end the scourge of poverty. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) as a tool of decolonising from 2014 to 2016. This is a qualitative and descriptive study based on literature, and key informant interviews (KIIs) were used to gather data. This study has, however, found that implementation of CAPS in Limpopo Province is in a state of crisis. While there are many factors that contribute to this crisis, non-delivery of textbooks to schools remains a crucial factor. Civil society and media have been found to be key in playing oversight role in forcing the state to be accountable by taking it to court to deliver textbooks. However, this study recommends that Vhembe district should be used as a model for the province for effective implementation of CAPS.
Caesarean section deliveries: Experiences of mothers of midwifery care at a public hospital in Nelson Mandela Bay
Authors: Jikijela Thobeka P. , James Sindiwe , Sonti Balandeli S.I.
Published: January 2018

Background: The rate of caesarean section deliveries has increased globally and mothers are faced with challenges of postoperative recovery and caring thereof. Midwives have a duty to assist these mothers to self-care.Objective: The objective was to explore and describe experiences of post-caesarean section delivered mothers of midwifery care at a public hospital in Nelson Mandela Bay.Methods: A qualitative, descriptive and explorative research design was used in the study. Data were collected from 11 purposively criterion-selected mothers who had a caesarean section delivery. One-on-one semi-structured interviews were conducted in the post-natal wards. Research ethics, namely autonomy, beneficence, justice and informed consent, were adopted in the study. All participants were informed of their right to withdraw from the study at any stage without penalties. Interviews were analysed using Tesch’s method of data analysis.Results: Three main themes were identified as experiences of: diverse pain, physical limitation and frustration and health care services as different.Conclusion: Experiences of mothers following a caesarean section delivery with midwifery services at a public hospital in Nelson Mandela Bay were explored and described as diverse. A need for adequate pain management as well as assistance and breastfeeding support to mothers following caesarean delivery was identified as crucial to promote a good mother-to-child relationship.
Suitability of ‘Guidelines for Screening of Prosthetic Candidates: Lower Limb’ for the Eastern Cape, South Africa: A qualitative study
Authors: Mduzana Luphiwo L. , Visagie Surona , Mji Gubela
Published: January 2018

Background: Major lower limb amputation has a severe impact on functional mobility. Mobility can be salvaged with a prosthesis, but this is not always the best option. It is often difficult to decide whether to refer someone for a prosthesis or not. A prosthetic screening tool ‘Guidelines for Screening of Prosthetic Candidates: Lower Limb’ was developed and is used for prosthetic prescription in parts of the Western Cape province of South Africa.Objectives: This study aimed to explore the suitability of the tool ‘Guidelines for Screening of Prosthetic Candidates: Lower Limb’ for use in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa.Method: A qualitative study was conducted with conveniently sampled occupational therapists (OTs) (n = 10), physiotherapists (PTs) (n = 12) and prosthetists (n = 6) in government employment in the Buffalo City Metro Municipality. Participants were trained in the use of the tool and used it for four weeks with patients. Their experiences of the tool were assessed through three focus group discussions with emergent themes being identified during inductive data analysis.Findings: Participants indicated that the tool could assist with prosthetic prescription, goal setting, communication and teamwork. They thought that the tool was multidisciplinary in nature, comprehensive and practical. Findings showed a lack of teamwork in this study setting. Resistance to change and a lack of time might also hamper implementation of the tool.Conclusion: The tool can assist with managing the backlog for prostheses and to guide prosthetic prescription in the Eastern Cape province.Clinical implications: A prosthesis can help to salvage functional mobility after lower limb amputation. However, not all people who had above knee amputation manage to walk with a prosthesis. The tool reported on in this article provides information that can guide prosthetic prescription and rehabilitation goals.
Relationships among Common Illness Symptoms and the Protective Effect of Breastfeeding in Early Childhood in MAL-ED: An Eight-Country Cohort Study
Authors: Richard Stephanie A. , McCormick Benjamin J. J. , Seidman Jessica C. , Rasmussen Zeba , Kosek Margaret N. , Rogawski Elizabeth T. , Petri William , Bose Anuradha , Mduma Estomih , Maciel Bruna L. L. , Chandyo Ram Krishna , Bhutta Zulfiqar , Turab Ali , Bessong Pascal , Mahfuz Mustafa , Caulfield Laura E. , _ _
Published: January 2018

Children in low-income countries experience multiple illness symptoms in early childhood. Breastfeeding is protective against diarrhea and respiratory infections, and these illnesses are thought to be risk factors of one another, but these relationships have not been explored simultaneously. In the eight-site MAL-ED study, 1,731 infants were enrolled near birth and followed for 2 years. We collected symptoms and diet information through twice-weekly household visits. Poisson regression was used to determine if recent illness history was associated with incidence of diarrhea or acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI), accounting for exclusive breastfeeding. Recent diarrhea was associated with higher risk of incident diarrhea after the first 6 months of life (relative risk [RR] 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04, 1.16) and with higher risk of incident ALRI in the 3- to 5-month period (RR 1.23, 95% CI 1.03, 1.47). Fever was a consistent risk factor for both diarrhea and ALRI. Exclusive breastfeeding 0–6 months was protective against diarrhea (0–2 months: RR 0.39, 95% CI 0.32, 0.49; 3–5 months: RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.75, 0.93) and ALRI (3–5 months: RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.68, 0.98). Children with recent illness who were exclusively breastfed were half as likely as those not exclusively breastfed to experience diarrhea in the first 3 months of life. Recent illness was associated with greater risk of new illness, causing illnesses to cluster within children, indicating that specific illness-prevention programs may have benefits for preventing other childhood illnesses. The results also underscore the importance of exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months of life for disease prevention.
Corrosion Properties of a Low-Nickel Austenitic Porous Stainless Steel in Simulated Body Fluids
Authors: Garcia-Cabezon C. , Martin-Pedrosa F. , Blanco-Val Y. , Rodriguez-Mendez M.L.
Published: January 2018

Nickel can cause severe allergic reactions. Therefore, efforts are made to reduce the content of nickel in austenitic stainless steels (SS). Powder metallurgy (PM) techniques can produce this steel in a highly affordable way. A novel low-nickel high-nitrogen austenitic powder metallurgy PM stainless steel is investigated in terms of corrosion behavior. Nitrogen, because of its gammagenic effect, is the applied sintering atmosphere. Two sintering processes are applied by controlling the sinter-cooling rate (furnace- and water-cooling). This material shows an austenitic microstructure free of precipitates only after the water-cooling process. The electrochemical behavior in two simulated body fluids—phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution and Ringer solution—are studied. Corrosion behavior is evaluated by means of anodic polarization measurements and cyclic polarization curves. In addition, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy is used to evaluate the corrosion resistance of this steel in PBS at open circuit potential and at 100 mV above corrosion potential. The water-cooling process promotes better corrosion behavior in simulated body fluids for high nitrogen and low nickel than a conventional (high nickel) austenitic PM SS 316LN type.
Use of the Wilmington Robotic Exoskeleton to Improve Upper Extremity Function in Patients With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Estilow Timothy , Glanzman Allan M. , Powers Kacy , Moll Ashley , Flickinger Jean , Medne Līvija , Tennekoon Gihan , Yum Sabrina W.
Published: January 2018

Patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy in their second decade of life present with decreased upper extremity strength and active range of motion (AROM) that limit activities of daily living (ADLs). We evaluated the ability of the Wilmington Robotic Exoskeleton (WREX) to improve AROM and independence with ADLs. A retrospective chart review of 9 patients who trialed the WREX was performed. Patients were classified on the basis of the Brooke Upper Extremity Scale. AROM, strength, and independence with ADLs were assessed before and after a WREX trial. Patients demonstrated increased shoulder flexion and abduction (25°–100°, median = 55°) and elbow flexion (10°–110°, median = 60°). Increased independence with self-feeding, item retrieval, use of phones and tablets, and facial grooming were noted. The WREX allowed for gravity-reduced movement via elastic bands to unweight the upper extremity, enabling increased upper extremity active movement that supported increased independence with ADLs.
New Media, First Time Voters and the 2007 Australian Federal Election
Authors: Howell Gwyneth , Da Silva Bruce
Published: January 2018

Researchers suggest that the youth of today has disengaged from the political landscape in Australia. However, the online realm provides potential first time voters an avenue in which to engage in politics in an environment that is generally associated with a youthful demographic. New media tactics utilised during the 2007 Australian federal election aimed to not only attract youthful voters, but also to educate and deliver policy on a level generally associated with the 18-24 demographic. This study explored the effectiveness of new media in the political communication context, in particular with relation to first time voters. This research found that first time voters were not as engaged as predicted, and that the third party sites were more popular with undecided voters than the formal political party sites in voter influence.
Maple Leaf Foods: Crisis and Containment Case Study
Authors: Howell Gwyneth V.J. , Miller Rohan
Published: January 2018

Crises can impact an organisation’s viability, credibility and reputation. Communication can preserve and protect the valuable reputation of an organisation, by demonstrating an acceptance of responsibility for the crisis and addressing victim concerns. The research illustrates that Maple Leaf Food’s crisis communication strategy was effectual and in supported to its purported organisational values as an organisation focused on health and safety. This case highlights why it is crucial for organisations to develop and apply a cohesive crisis communication strategy.
Quantifying government media relations in Queensland
Authors: Pearson Mark Leslie , McLean Hamish
Published: January 2018

This article draws upon historical and contemporary data to attempt to identify key issues in government media relations and to discuss the processes and challenges involved in attempting to quantify the expenditure on this activity in the state of Queensland in the modern era. A combination of investigative journalism and academic research methods have been used to position government media relations as a practice and to gauge expenditure, staffing, and cost to the taxpayer of government media relations in Queensland. The Electoral and Administrative Review Commission’s Report on review of government media and information services (EARC, 1993) was the first comprehensive measure of such costs and since then only some insights were offered by premiers Beattie and Bligh in 2006 and 2008 in response to parliamentary questions on notice. This article reviews these costs, canvasses expert estimates of the real cost of government media relations, and debates some of the competing interests at stake.
‘Emergent’ media and public communication: Understanding the changing mediascape
Authors: Macnamara Jim
Published: January 2018

Scholars and practitioners are widely agreed that media and public communication are undergoing significant change deserving of close attention and, along with widespread popular media discussion, a body of scholarly research on the changing 21st century mediascape is emerging. The term ‘new media’ is widely used in the literature to describe interactive online communication forms including blogs, social networks, photo and video sharing sites, microblogging, and virtual worlds enabled by what is referred to as Web 2.0. A number of studies cite so-called ‘new media’ as the ‘fourth media revolution’ and make effusive predictions concerning their effects ranging from the “end of journalism” to the transformation of the public sphere through the birth of e-democracy. This paper critically reviews changes taking place and provides an overview of implications for public communication. It challenges the term ‘new media’, arguing that it is inaccurate and unhistorical, and attempts to look beyond hype and ‘cyberbole’ that often distort discussion to identify substantive changes taking place. It argues these are located in social and cultural practices rather than technology and explores four foundational shifts which have significant implications for media and all areas of public communication practice including journalism, political communication, advertising, public relations and organisational communication.
Book Review: Leandro Herrero, (2008). Viral change: The alternative to slow, painful and unsuccessful management of change in organisations (2nd ed.)
Authors: Gray Rodney
Published: January 2018

Rodney Gray's Book Review of Leandro Herrero, (2008). Viral change: The alternative to slow, painful and unsuccessful management of change in organisations (2nd ed.).
How advertising works … or doesn’t
Authors: Bevins John
Published: January 2018

A presentation by John Bevins in response to address by Liz McFall (Open University, UK) on 27 April 2010 at the Australian Centre For Public Communication, University of Technology, Sydney.
A 21st Century Manifesto for the end of business as usual
Authors: Sood Suresh
Published: January 2018

At the end of last century in 1999, the Cluetrain Manifesto (cluetrain.com) messages herald the end of business as usual for companies discovering the web and point corporates strongly towards the notion “markets are conversations”. Over a decade later, companies are participating in business online but are still none the wiser this century when trying to deal with connected customers as real people and often have no long term plans for social media activities. In light of this, the End of Business as Usual is not only a timely book in 2012 but also a potential compass for business leaders and communications professionals feeling disorientated by the proliferation of social media technologies. Of course, some might rightly believe “business as usual is an oxymoron” (a hat tip for the book publication by Hugh MacLeod of gapingvoid).
Conceal or Reveal? The Role of Law in Black Collar Crime (2007) Vol 1 Art 4
Authors: Townsley Lesley
Published: January 2018

This article reconsiders the way in which the State deals with the suppression or concealment of crimes, particularly child sexual abuse, by members of institutions such as churches. There are legal mechanisms available to bring such prosecutions and yet they are not being utilized. This article critically analyses the exemption from prosecution for concealing a serious indictable offence, by members of the clergy under section 316 (4) of the Crimes Act 1900 (NSW); and that section’s relationship to the religious confession privilege under section 217 of the Evidence Act 1995 (NSW). The article deconstructs the three major justifications underpinning the legislative provisions. These justifications overlap, but can be isolated under the following headings: history, freedom of religion, and spiritual considerations. I argue that interpretation of section 316 (4) of the Crimes Act 1900 should, at a minimum, be confined to the scope of the religious confession privilege in section 217 of the Evidence Act 1995. Further, I argue that the justifications underpinning the legislative scheme and the assumptions they are based on are untenable in a secular society.
The Compassionate Judge (2007) Vol 1 Art 7
Authors: Avgoustinos Costa
Published: January 2018

‘Out of touch’ dispassionate decisions often invite public outcry, but the weak ‘too lenient’ judge is also open to criticism. In this paper I examine the role which compassion plays in legal judgment, how compassion is exercised and the limits of compassion. I argue that not only does compassion have a role to play in legal judgment but that, to the extent that judges exercise compassion, compassion enhances the openness and transparency of the law.
Participation and the role of Public Space
Authors: Copeland Anna Gabriel
Published: January 2018

This article examines participatory rights as human rights and considers their importance to the lives of children and young people. It argues that a broad definition of participation needs to be used which takes us from 'round tables' to understanding that young people participate in many different ways. It points out that failure to recognise and respect the many varied ways that children and young people choose to participate results in a breach of their human rights. It shows how our socio-legal system operates to permit and support these breaches of the rights of children and young people, resulting in their alienation from civic society.
Art, Actually! The Courts and the Imposition of Taste
Authors: Leiboff Marett
Published: January 2018

Despite their attempt to avoid questions of taste, this article argues that the courts actively engage in a form of connoissuership. For the most part, this involves the courts rendering images into component elements which alters the image or object, in order to acheive a particular legal outcome. By drawing on the history of the 18th century connoisseur, the article suggests that the courts display many of the features of the connoissuer, even when they disavow any involvement in issues of quality. But sometimes surprising results can occur when the courts, without perhaps realising it, engage in judging about art, as occured in the 2006 decision of the New South Wales Supreme Court involving the Archibald Prize.
Evidence of Auction House Influence Over Buyer Behaviour and Price Formation in the Australian Art Auction Market
Authors: Wilson-Anastasios Meaghan
Published: January 2018

During the last six months, there has been much discussion in the general and arts media about the manifestation of problematic practices within the Australian art auction market. Although the nature of these practices has been scrutinised, scant attention has been paid to how the methods and mechanisms employed by auction houses to build business during the art market boom that commenced in the late 1990s might represent a force that could undermine the sustainability of the market. Fundamental to this is quantifying the extent to which auction houses are able to influence market development. In this paper, I present empirical evidence that suggests that major Australian auction houses can exert significant control over buyer behaviour and price formation.
Delivery of Advice to Marginalised and Vulnerable Groups: The Need for Innovative Approaches
Authors: Buck Alexy , Curran Liz
Published: January 2018

Knowledge, capacity, capability and understanding are the key pre-requisites to access to justice.4 If legal aid services are to be effective in reaching people who are disadvantaged, disempowered or marginalised, then integrated, connected service delivery, outreach and relationship building, community development and education play a vital role. This article presents selected research findings from England and Wales, and Australia, illustrating the advice needs of disadvantaged groups. It further

presents four delivery models from around the world, which all aim for innovation and flexibility. The article concludes with a number of key issues to consider when delivering advice to marginalised and vulnerable groups.
Human Rights and Social Justice: the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the quiet revolution in international law
Authors: Weller Penny
Published: January 2018

On the 60th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of the Human Rights (UDHR) the Commonwealth Attorney General announced a national public consultation concerning the need for better human rights protection in Australia and the viability of a federal human rights charter. Whether or not the anticipated Charter includes social, economic and cultural rights is directly relevant to questions of social justice in Australia. This paper argues that the legislative acknowledgment of civil and political rights alone will not adequately address the human rights problems that are experienced in Australia. The reluctance to include economic, social and cultural rights in human rights legislation stems from the historical construction of an artificial distinction between civil and political rights, and economic social and cultural rights. This distinction was articulated and embedded in law with the translation of the UDHR into binding international law. It has been accepted and replicated in judicial consideration of the application on human rights legislation at the domestic level. The distinction between the two forms of rights underpins a general ambivalence about the capacity of human rights legislation to deliver social justice and echoes a critical tradition in legal philosophy that cautions against the reification of law. Coming into force early in the 21st century, the Convention of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities illustrates the effort of the international community to recognize and eschew the burden of the false dichotomy between civil and political and economic, social and cultural rights. Acknowledging the indivisible, interdependent and indissociable nature of human rights in Australia is a crucial step toward achieving human rights based social justice.
Negligent Sexual Assault: Reform Of The Criminal Law And A Tort Alternative
Authors: Tian Tom , Sawyer Richard
Published: January 2018

Negligent Sexual Assault:

Reform Of The Criminal Law And A Tort Alternative
Illegal dumping and crime prevention: A case study of Ash Road, Liverpool Council
Authors: Crofts Penny , Morris Tara , Wells Kim , Powell Alicia
Published: January 2018

Illegal waste disposal is an increasingly significant and costly problem. This paper considers a specific hot-spot for illegal dumping in Sydney, Australia from criminological perspectives. We contribute to the developing criminological literature that considers environmental harms as a crime. This draws upon the symbolic aspect of criminal law, contributing to the notion of environmental harms as wrongs worthy of sanction, and facilitates analysis through the prism of criminological literature. We apply theories of crime prevention to the site and argue that these techniques of crime prevention would be cheaper and more effective long-term than current council responses of simply reacting to dumping after it has occurred.
Evaluation oxygen deficiency in the Chesapeake Bay
Authors: Slater Wencheng L. , Pierson James J. , Roman Michael R.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. The objectives of the Dead Zone Zooplankton research project (NSF OCE-0961942) were to study the effects of the onset, development, and dissipation of hypoxia (DO
3D numerical modelling of the re-distribution of partially molten lower crust rocks in relay zones between faults during transtension: Implications for the Sefwi terrane, SW Ghana
Authors: Feng Xiaojun , Wang Enyuan , Ganne Jérôme , Martin Roland , Jessell Mark W.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. High-grade tectono-metamorphic domains in the Sefwi terrane of Ghana are separated from adjacent low-grade greenstone belts by two main shear zones. The high-grade rocks are thought to have been exhumed along sinistral shear zones during the D2 ENE-WSW transtension. To better understand the role boundary conditions and the spatial relationship of faults play in the re-distribution of partially molten lower crust, ten 3D thermo-mechanical models have been constructed. The results show that the normal component of velocity boundary conditions mainly controls the exhumation of the lower crust which occurred along pre-existing faults, while the exhumation in the relay zones between faults is controlled by the ratio of extension rate to shear rate applied at the boundaries. The strike of the exhumation belt made of partially molten lower crust rocks in the relay zone is sub-orthogonal to the transtension direction. The isostatic compensation from low-density upper mantle to overlying crust (thinning) is higher under transtension than under extension. The lower crust exhumation influenced by inherited shear zones can be used to better understand the loci of the high-grade rocks in the Sefwi terrane. We suggest that the Kukuom-Juaboso domain composed of up to amphibolite-migmatite facies probably resulted from the concentration of partially molten rocks in the relay zone between the Ketesso and Kenyase shear zones during the D2 ENE-WSW transtension. The two shear zones probably underwent two main stages for growth and maturation from the D1 to D2 deformation phases. The regional exhumation of the high-grade rocks in the Sefwi terrane probably occurred within a duration of less than 5Ma.
Promoting Social Action through Visual Literacy: New Pioneer & The Labor Defender in the Secondary Classroom
Authors: Jean Rachel
Published: January 2018

The notion of a classic education has been lost as technology continues to morph into the essential component of 21st Century and as educators also rise to the challenge of teaching the most diverse population of learners in American history. Literacy has shifted to include the vital “visual literacy”, the critical analysis of images, which in the past might have been an artistic pleasure as opposed to a fundamental educational skill. In this paper, I discuss this required change in the expectations of the English pedagogy. To encourage cross-curricular ties, I recommend that educators use the ancestors of today’s current magazine as a visual literacy genre, particularly political serials such as Labor Defender and New Pioneer to reach the high learning goals of visual literacy while strengthening cultural values and ideals of social action.
Decolonizing the Classroom: Embracing Radical Internationalism
Authors: Steele Chris
Published: January 2018

This article discusses the colonial mind and the classroom by investigating ways to decolonize the classroom through employing different historical perspectives and an international lens. The article features an interview with the prolific historian Gerald Horne who discusses the importance of how history is framed in the classroom regarding people of color, colonialism, resistance, and representation. Copyright, Truthout.org. Reprinted with permission. Link to original publication: http://www.truth-out.org/opinion/item/41600-decolonizing-the-classroom-embracing-radical-internationalism
Disrupt This! MOOCs and the Promises of Technology by Karen J. Head
Authors: Juravich Nick
Published: January 2018

Disrupt This! MOOCs and the Promises of Technology by Karen J. Head. (Boston. University Press of New England. 2017) Reviewed By Nick Juravich
News for Educational Workers
Authors: Vogt Leonard
Published: January 2018

News for Educational Workers for Radical Teacher Vol. 110
Controlled Double-Jet Mixing of Light Speeds in the Trigonometric Realm
Authors: Stavek Jiri
Published: January 2018

We were inspired by three great concepts: 1. Pythagorean means, 2. Pierre de Fermat´s principle of the least time, 3. Michael Faraday´s concept of vibrating rays in longitudinal and transverse directions. We have formulated an extended Doppler formula for rectilinear motions in the absolute spacetime where both postulates of the special relativity are valid. The second postulate of the special relativity for rectilinear motions was derived as the harmonic mean speed based on the Pythagoras-Fermat-Faraday (PF2) model. The null result of the Michelson-Morley experiment is valid for the arms of that interferometer separated by the angle π/2. However, for the angles smaller than π/2 a predicted fringe shift should be observed. For the circular motions the Doppler formula combines the longitudinal and transverse speeds in such a way that the frequency of the rotating light beam is diluted by a factor [1-(v/c)2]0.5 and the wavelength of that light beam is extended by the same factor. The Doppler formula for light beams can be tested for the rotating source and the detector placed close to the rim of that rotating disk in a defined position. In order to obtain new experimental data we propose to construct the Michelson-Morley-Harress-Sagnac interferometer where rotating disks have being attached to both arms of the Michelson interferometer. In rotating disks we might prepare light beams with defined independent values of their longitudinal speeds and after the mixing of these two light beams on their return path to the detector we might observe predicted fringe shifts. In these circular paths the second postulate of the special relativity is not valid. The full composition of Doppler formula is given by the interplay of the macro Doppler effect (the relative motion of the source and observer) and the micro Doppler effect (the combination of the longitudinal and transverse vibration speeds of that oscillating particle – the elasticity of the photon wave).
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Applied Physics Research, Vol. 10, No. 1
Authors: Chen William
Published: January 2018

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Applied Physics Research, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2018
Barriers and Enablers to Planning Initiatives for Active Living and Health
Authors: McCosker Anthony , Matan Anne
Published: January 2018

The response of local government (LG) to issues of rising rates of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) is an important one given their roles as place managers. This article explores the experiences of LG built environment and community health practitioners to identify barriers and enablers to the implementation of healthy planning and associated active living promotion efforts. The role of Australian LG in community health is presented, followed by findings from practitioner surveys and policy analysis undertaken, with subsequent discussion of the barriers and enablers. Six key enablers and barriers to successful project implementation were identified: (1) internal LG functioning, (2) the promotion of co-benefits, (3) partnerships, (4) the value of recognition and good news, (5) placing a mandate for action on LG and (6) funding and resourcing.
Compiling Integrated Entrepreneurship Module by Using Design-Based Research Approach to Improve Students’ Entrepreneurial Skill
Authors: Sudarwati Ninik
Published: January 2018

This study aimed to develop a complete practical comprehensive module to improve students’ entrepreneurial skills, particularly to their managerial aspects. Research and development approach with design based research (Elly and Levy, 2010) was employed as the technique of this present study. For data collection and analysis throughdesign-based approach, several procedures were conducted, which involved problem identification, objectives framing, product design and development, product examination and test, result evaluation, and result communicating. The result of this research showed that the integrated entrepreneurship module was ultimately able to improve the students’ capability (80%) in both explaining and applying the concept of managerial aspects and entrepreneurial skills. As the result, this research finally produced an integrated module containing 3 chapters and 12 topics. Chapter 1 described on how to initiate entrepreneurial passion and consisted of 5 complete topics. Chapter 2 described on how to manage and run a business and it contained 6 topics. Chapter 3 described on how to implement a business plan and it consisted of 1 topic only. With this module, 80 % students were found successful understanding the given materials and implementing the management aspects in their entrepreneurial practice. Thus, the null hypothesis proposing that students’ entrepreneurial skills would be significantly improved was considered supported.
The Flow Visualization CFD Studies of the Fuselage and Rolled-up Vortex Effects of the Chengdu J-10-like Fighter Canard
Authors: . Sutrisno , Rochmat Tri Agung , Wibowo Setyawan Bekti , Iswahyudi Sigit , Wiratama Caesar , Kartika Widia
Published: January 2018

Fighter aircrafts with high maneuverability and swiftness are due to fuselage effects, caused by canard-fuselage-main wing configuration. Even though the flows around fighters are highly complex, mostly they create rolled-up vortices capable to delay stalls and increase maximum lifts (Calderon, Wang & Gursul, 2012; Mitchell & Delery, 2001; Boelens, 2012; Chen, Liu, Guo & Qu, 2015). The vortex dynamics analysis method employment is introduced, in this case we focus only on the fighter canard. It characterizes the vortex core, develops the pitching moment & main wing total lift, and exploits the vortex centre visualization, the strength, negative surface pressure and its trajectory.This paper explains the influence of the fighter fuselage, it generates rolled-up vortex effects, causes the flow deflected by the fighter fuselage head, strengthen the vortex centre to become vortex core. Above the aircraft head, due to the curved contour head effect, the second vortex centers are developed makes the vortex center above the head more dynamic. Comparing with fighter without fuselage, the flow property changes, for Chengdu J-10-like model with fuselage, are concentrated at the canard leading edge, where the negative pressures are stronger, since the maximum axial velocities of the vortex centre are higher, and give more distinctive vortex breakdown locations.
The Relationship between Self-esteem and Academic Achievement in the Scientific Concepts and Methods of Teaching Course among Female Students of the Class- Teacher at the University of Jordan
Authors: Al doulat Adnan Salem
Published: January 2018

The study aimed to discover the relationship between self-esteem and academic achievement in the scientific concepts and methods of teaching course among the female students of the class teacher at the University of Jordan. The study included a sample of (68) female students. Academic marks has been recorded in the course of scientific concepts at the end of the first semester of the academic year 2016/2017, and the appropriate statistical analysis has been conducted for the purposes of the study. The results showed that the level of self-esteem for the students of the class teacher was high and there is a significant correlation between academic achievement and self-esteem. The study recommended conducting further studies on other variables. Such as the relationship of the level of self-esteem to the degree of understanding of science processes and the degree of understanding of the nature of science.
Psychometrika v kukurici: Stáž v Burosovom centre
Authors: Chovan Shoshana
Published: January 2018

Článok je krátkou reportážou zo stáže v Burosovom centre pre testovanie na University of Nebraska v Lincolne. V úvode je opísané zameranie Burosovho centra a jeho publikačná činnosť, s podrobnejším popisom jednotlivých publikácií. Hlavná časť článku približuje osobnú skúsenosť s prácou v centre počas roka stráveného štúdiom na University of Nebraska a opisuje náplň práce študentského pracovníka. Článok ďalej hovorí o pomoci pri príprave Mental Measurement Yearbook a v závere sumarizuje históriu Burosovho centra a vyzdvihuje jeho prínos pre psychometriku.The article is a short report from an internship at the Buros Center for Testing at the University of Nebraska—Lincoln. The introduction outlines the focus of the Buros Center and its publishing activity, with more detailed descriptions of individual publications. The main part of the article talks about the personal experience with working at the centre during an exchange program at the University of Nebraska and illustrates the work of a student worker. The article further describes the help with preparing the Mental Measurement Yearbook and in the end of this article summarizes the history of Buros Center and highlights its contribution to psychometrics.
Why Recreational Drug Use Is Immoral
Authors: Hsiao Timothy ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: January 2018

This paper argues for two claims. First, recreational drug use is immoral because it undermines cognitive functioning. Second, for similar reasons, the state has a prima facie public policy interest in enacting legal restrictions on recreational drug use. In this context, “recreational drug use” refers to activities in which a person uses some intoxicating substance to impair, destroy, or otherwise frustrate the functioning of his cognitive faculties for the sake of pleasure or enjoyment.
Compensation for the Moral Costs of Research-Related Injury
Authors: Patrone Daniel ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: January 2018

In the United States, researchers are not legally required to compensate trial participants for research-related injuries. Nevertheless, institutional review boards (IRBs) ought to require that all research proposals include broad compensation plans. However, the standard justifications for mandatory compensation cannot reconcile the need for adequate participant protections with a duty on the part of the research community to provide them. This situation can be resolved only through a deeper analysis of research-related costs. Once mere costs are distinguished from moral costs, a compelling case can be made that the principle of respect for persons, or human dignity, provides a sound moral foundation for assigning responsibility for research-related injuries.
The Use of Cross-Sex Steroids in the Treatment of Gender Dysphoria
Authors: Hruz Paul W. ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: January 2018

Current clinical guidelines for the treatment of individuals who experience gender dysphoria include the administration of testosterone to women who desire to appear as men and estrogen to men who desire to appear as women. Despite the rapid and widespread adoption of this practice, strikingly little scientific evidence supports this treatment approach as a safe and effective medical intervention to prevent associated depression and suicide. Although low-quality, short-term studies have demonstrated a reduction of dysphoria, emerging evidence reveals significant bodily harm from this practice and a lack of long-term benefit in preventing depression and suicide. From an ethical perspective, this practice distorts a proper view of human nature and violates bodily integrity by directly inducing sterility. The use of exogenous cross-sex hormones reinforces rather than alleviates underlying psychiatric dysfunction while significantly increasing the risk of other medical morbidities. Despite the valid goal of alleviating suffering, this practice cannot be justified by the use of the principles of totality or double effect.
Commodification, Inequality, and Kidney Markets
Authors: Panitch Vida , Horne L. Chad ,   Department of Philosophy, Florida State University
Published: January 2018

People tend to be repulsed by the idea of cash markets in kidneys, but support the trading of kidneys through paired exchanges or chains. We reject anti-commodification accounts of this reaction and offer an egalitarian one. We argue that the morally significant difference between cash markets and kidney chains is that the former allow the wealthy greater access to kidneys, while the latter do not. The only problem with kidney chains is that they do not go far enough in addressing equality concerns, and we show how the introduction of cash payments by the state could remedy this.
Reactive and proactive control in arithmetical strategy selection
Authors: tiberghien Kerensa , Notebaert Wim , De Smedt Bert , Fias Wim
Published: January 2018

Individual differences in arithmetic have been explained by differences in cognitive processes and by arithmetic strategy use and selection. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of reactive and proactive control processes. We explored how variation in proactive and reactive control was related to individual differences in strategy selection. We correlated proactive and reactive measures obtained from the AX-CPT and an adjusted N-back task with a measure of strategy adaptiveness during a numerosity judgment task. The results showed that both measures of reactive control (of the AX-CPT and N-back task) correlated positively with strategy adaptiveness, while proactive control was not. This suggests that both cognitive control modes might have a different effect on adaptive strategy selection, where adaptive strategy selection seems to benefit from a transient (late) control mode, reactive control. We discuss these results in the light of the Dual Mechanisms Framework.
Anksioznost in koronarna bolezen srca
Authors: Kokalj Anja , Novak Šarotar Brigita
Published: January 2018

In patients with coronary heart disease anxiety is often overlooked. Symptoms of anxiety are often similar to coronary heart disease symptoms. The prevalence of anxiety in general population and coronary heart disease patients is very high. While the underlying pathophysiology of the connection remains unclear, anxiety lowers the quality of life and is a factor for a higher risk of morbidity and mortality due to coronary heart disease.
Effet de margines traitées par infiltration-percolation sur la germination et la croissance de quatre espèces végétales
Authors: El Herradi EL Hassania , El Adlouni Chakib , Naman Malika , Rochdi Ibtissam , Aafrane Abdellatif , Naman Fatima
Published: January 2018

La protection de l’environnement à travers une gestion écologique des déchets oléicoles est devenue actuellement un élément préoccupant. La présente étude s’intéresse à la valorisation des margines traitées par la technique d’infiltration-percolation sur cinq filtres différents à base de sable marin, de sol agricole et de cendres volantes sur la germination (taux, vitesse et moyenne journalière de germination des graines) et la croissance (longueur des racines et des tiges; poids frais et poids sec) de quatre espèces végétales : le radis (Raphanus sativus R.), le navet (Brassica rapa L.), la tomate (Solanum lycopercium C.) et la luzerne (Medicago sativa L.). Les effluents bruts sont d’un pH acide (5,9), une conductivité électrique de 26,6 (mS∙cm-1), une teneur en matière en suspension de l’ordre de 32,1 g∙L-1. Ils sont très chargés en matière organique avec une teneur en demande chimique en oxygène (DCO) de 268 g∙L-1, en demande biologique en oxygène (DBO5) de 1,34 g∙L-1 et en phénols totaux de l’ordre de 2,66 g∙L-1. Les essais d’adsorption ont permis de confirmer l’efficacité de ces substances minérales naturelles dans la réduction des composés phénoliques, de la DCO et de la DBO5 contenus dans les margines. Avec les margines brutes, nous avons enregistré une inhibition complète de la germination des graines des quatre espèces et un accroissement du processus de germination en fonction de la dilution des margines. Avec les margines traitées, la germination et l’émergence de l’appareil végétatif des espèces étudiées par le filtrat dont la colonne d’infiltration-percolation est composée d’une combinaison de cendres et de sols agricoles, sont meilleures que les autres filtrats.
Continuous monitoring of cyanobacterial blooms: benefits and conditions for using fluorescence probes
Authors: Courtois Sophie , Steinmann Delphine , Cajon Anne , van der Linden Leon
Published: January 2018

In situ fluorescence probes have attracted growing interest for the on-line monitoring of cyanobacteria in drinking water treatment plants. The probes rely on the fluorescence of pigments such as phycocyanin and chlorophyll-a to detect respectively cyanobacteria and green algae. They offer direct and simultaneous multiparameter measurements and opportunity for online monitoring which can enable water operators to improve cyanobacteria management during the drinking water process. However, fluorescence probes can be influenced by interference sources which may results in biased measurements. The impact of these factors on probe readings can make the calibration and validation process difficult for operators. Hence, the aim of the study was to calibrate and validate fluorescence probe performance (here YSI EXO2 probe) for varying laboratory grown phytoplankton species. Although good linear correlation between raw probe fluorescence readings and cyanobacteria cell concentrations was found, measurement bias was observed using this probe in water samples with high turbidity (62 NFU) or Dissolved Organic Carbon concentration (10 mg∙L-1). These data showed the potential of fluorescence probes deployment in cyanobacteria monitoring with a deeper understanding of the potential interference sources that is required to interpret data correctly.
THERMAL AGING STUDY OF BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER MATERIALS BY DIELECTRIC THERMAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Porjazoska Kujundziski Aleksandra , Chamovska Dragica
Published: January 2018

Two different studies of the thermal aging of polyesters based on lactic and glycolic acidswere compared. Thermal degradation of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA), poly(L-lactic acid-co-glycolicacid) (PLLGA) and poly(DL-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PDLGA) was studied by the dielectricthermal analysis (DETA). The aging was performed at 37C in vacuum oven. The dielectric featuresi.e., dielectric permittivity,, dielectric losses,, and phase lag, tg , were determined by PL-DETAcontaining a parallel plate capacitance cell, from the room temperature to 80, 150, and 180  C,at the heating rates of 2 and 3 Cmin-1. Dielectric scans were obtained at a frequency of 1 kHz anda.c. signal of 200 mV. Different behavior of PLLA, PLLGA, and PDLGA during degradation wasobserved. As the aging of PDLGA proceeds, dielectric losses shift to the lower temperatures,indicating existence of lower molecular weights.  - T, and tg  - T dependences of PLLGA, as wellas those for PLLA show two simultaneous processes occurring, crystallization and degradation.