bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological Basis for the Antidiarrheal and Antispasmodic Effects of Cuminaldehyde in Experimental Animals: In Silico, Ex Vivo and In Vivo Studies
Authors: Ansari Mohd Nazam , Rehman Najeeb Ur , Samad Abdul , Ahmad Wasim
Published: January 2024

Background: Medicinal herbs are frequently used for the management of gastrointestinal disorders because they contain various compounds that can potentially amplify the intended therapeutic effects. Cuminaldehyde is a plant-based constituent found in oils derived from botanicals such as cumin, eucalyptus, myrrh, and cassia and is responsible for its health benefits. Despite the utilization of cuminaldehyde for several medicinal properties, there is currently insufficient scientific evidence to support its effectiveness in treating diarrhea. Hence, the present investigation was carried out to evaluate the antidiarrheal and antispasmodic efficacy of cuminaldehyde, with detailed pharmacodynamics explored. Methods: An in vivo antidiarrheal test was conducted in mice following the castor oil-induced diarrhea model, while an isolated small intestine obtained from rats was used to evaluate the detailed mechanism(s) of antispasmodic effects. Results: Cuminaldehyde, at 10 and 20 mg/kg, exhibited 60 and 80% protection in mice from episodic diarrhea compared to the saline control group, whereas this inhibitory effect was significantly reversed in the pretreated mice with glibenclamide, similar to cromakalim, an ATP-dependent K+ channel opener. In the ex vivo experiments conducted in isolated rat tissues, cuminaldehyde reversed the glibenclamide-sensitive low K+ (25 mM)-mediated contractions at significantly higher potency compared to its inhibitory effect against high K+ (80 mM), thus showing predominant involvement of ATP-dependent K+ activation followed by Ca++ channel inhibition. Cromakalim, a standard drug, selectively suppressed the glibenclamide-sensitive low K+-induced contractions, whereas no relaxation was observed against high K+, as expected. Verapamil, a Ca++ channel inhibitor, effectively suppressed both low and high K+-induced contractions with similar potency, as anticipated. At higher concentrations, the inhibitory effect of cuminaldehyde against Ca++ channels was further confirmed when the preincubated ileum tissues with cuminaldehyde (3 and 10 mM) in Ca++ free medium shifted CaCl2-mediated concentration-response curves (CRCs) towards the right with suppression of the maximum peaks, similar to verapamil, a standard Ca++ ion inhibitor. Conclusions: Present findings support the antidiarrheal and antispasmodic potential of cuminaldehyde, possibly by the predominant activation of ATP-dependent K+ channels followed by voltage-gated Ca++ inhibition. However, further in-depth assays are recommended to know the precise mechanism and to elucidate additional unexplored mechanism(s) if involved.
Ferroptosis: New Strategies and Ideas for the Treatment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yang Chengru , Dong Qingfu , Bao Haolin , Ge Yifei , Xu Zhaoqiang , Li Jinglin , Jiang Xingming , Xu Yi , Zhong Xiangyu
Published: January 2024

Pancreatic cancer is a malignancy that affects the digestive tract and has a low 5-year survival rate of lower than 15%. Owing to its genetic mutation and metabolic complexity, pancreatic cancer is difficult to treat with surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The predominant modality of pancreatic cancer is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), primarily attributed to mutations in KRAS gene. Ferroptosis, an iron-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS)-elevated nonapoptotic cell death caused by lipid peroxidation, is distinct from any other known type of cell death. Ferroptosis is closely related to the occurrence and progression of different types of cancers, including PDAC. Previous research has demonstrated that ferroptosis not only triggers cell death in PDAC and hampers tumor growth but also enhances the effectiveness of antitumor medications. In our review, we mainly focus on the core mechanism of ferroptosis, reveal its interrelationship with PDAC, and illustrate the progress of ferroptosis in different treatment methods of PDAC.
Facade Analysis of Traditional Buildings on 12 Eylul Street in Mudanya’s Giritli Neighborhood
Authors: PALA AZSÖZ Gökben
Published: January 2024

Mudanya, a district situated in the province of Bursa, has held significant port city status since ancient times, retaining its importance to the present day. Within this district, Giritli Neighborhood stands as one of the earliest settlements in Mudanya. Turkish and Greek people lived together in the region for a long time. These two cultures created varieties in the region socially and physically. With Greeks residing mostly in the coastal area, Turkish people predominantly lived inland. With Greeks residing mostly in the coastal area and Turkish people predominantly living inland. Therefore, different qualities can be observed in the coastal and inland areas in terms of environmental and architectural qualities. Mudanya boasts a plethora of historical structures constructed in diverse architectural styles spanning various eras. Notably, 12 Eylül Street in Giritli Neighborhood has emerged as a prominent attraction, alluring tourists with its historical edifices and scenic streets leading to the sea. Despite the inevitable passage of time, several historical buildings along 12 Eylül Street remarkably preserve their originality, prominently exhibiting distinct architectural features on their facades. This research entails a comprehensive literature review and analysis pertaining to the aforementioned district, neighborhood, and street, followed by a meticulous facade analysis of seven structures situated on 12 Eylül Street. Notably, the facades of these historical buildings exhibit influences from Late Ottoman Architecture, as well as the Neoclassical, Rococo, and the First National Architectural Movement (Neoclassical Turkish Style) periods, each contributing unique elements to the meticulous designs of these structures. In light of this research, preserving the historical value of Giritli District and 12 Eylül Street, it is of great importance to keep it alive and pass it on to future generations.
Impact of Word Predictability on Metrical Alignment in English Verse
Authors: Kelly Michael Hugh
Published: January 2024

Predictable, less informative words are reduced in duration in conversational speech. This study extends this pattern to the rhythmic structure of English verse. Study 1 shows that monosyllabic content and function words are more likely to appear in weak positions in Shakespeare’s verse when they are relatively predictable (e.g., high in frequency, high in conditional probability given the following word, and/or high in conditional probability given the previous word). Similar patterns appear in Milton’s verse in study 2, indicating that the patterns generalize beyond works like Shakespeare’s which were typically composed for live spoken performance. Study 3 confirms that the results in Studies 1 and 2 are not due to a small set of idiosyncratic words as they appear also in an analysis of word types in Shakespeare and Milton, in the process reinforcing that, similar to spoken prosody, the conditional probability of a word given the following word is the most influential of the predictability variables. These patterns in written verse provide one case where word predictability effects cannot readily be interpreted through ease of articulation, a common explanation for their presence in speech. Exemplar-based lexical models are discussed as an alternative, including further predictions about verse structure if correct. This study aligns with other research showing that the rhythmic structure of verse follows the same principles as spoken prosody, but extends the parallels to contextually-driven variation. It also adds to other research suggesting that, across domains, information value in a message is encoded by variables associated with prominence.
‘More’ yields more: The influence of comparative language framing and prior beliefs on engagement with health-related news
Authors: Petersen Signe Oehlenschläger , Buttle Lottie , Linden Sander van der , Bozic Mirjana
Published: January 2024

The extent to which people evaluate a claim as true can depend on comparative framing effects. This study examined the influence of comparative language framing (more than vs. less than) and prior beliefs on engagement with health-related news. In a sample of (n = 730) participants we first measured their prior beliefs regarding two health-related statements. We then presented two headlines comparing them in two contradictive framings, and asked participants to choose which of the two headlines would they want to read had they come across them in their daily life. A generalized linear mixed-effects model revealed that on average participants wanted to engage more with articles framed as ‘more’ (OR = 2.34, p < 0.0001). The analysis further revealed that participants were more likely to want to engage with an article if it corresponded with their prior beliefs (OR = 6.89, p < 0.01) as predicted by confirmation bias. However, we found no significant effect of an interaction between comparative language framing and prior beliefs. Implications for research on comparative language framing and the more-credible effect are discussed.
Effective Inventory Management: Ways to Optimize the Inventory Items Accounting of an Economical Entity
Authors: Gutyakulova Bela
Published: January 2024

ntroduction. The problem of this scientific research is the existing gaps in inventory management of economic entities, which prevent proper structuring and organizing of the production system in a company. The aim of the research is to search for options to optimize inventory accounting and management in manufacturing companies through the development of report forms. Methods. The methods used in this study involved analyzing and synthesizing the inventory management process in agricultural holding companies. Results. The results of this article highlight the importance of accurate inventory accounting for economic entities, emphasizing its fundamental role in the financial performance of a company. Based on the importance of inventory accounting, the author suggests systematically conducting comprehensive inventory of material assets in warehouses, as well as developing key report forms necessary for optimizing inventory management processes. These forms include a form for a planned safety stock list, an evaluation report on the condition of material assets, a list of non-liquid stock parts intended for disposal, a write-off report of non-liquid inventory and a consolidated report on inventory balances. Conclusion. The research concludes that in order to achieve effective inventory management for economic entities, it is essential to establish a system for inventory accounting and control.
Decision-Making at Agribusiness Enterprises under Risk and Uncertainty
Authors: Kenina Diana , Serikov Svyatoslav
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Situations of risk and uncertainty in the economic environment have previously occurred with a certain cyclicality and presented a non-standard scenario, but today they have become part of the activities in enterprises. The aim of the article is to develop a model for decision-making in agricultural enterprises that responds to the challenges of the external environment, taking into account the specific features of the agricultural sector. Methods. Based on publications in peer-reviewed scientific journals and official statistical data, key factors complicating the process of decision-making at agricultural enterprises were identified. Results. Based on statistical data, we analyzed the dynamics of the production of agricultural and livestock sectors in the Russian Federation for the period from 2012 to 2022. On the basis of all factors influencing the decision-making process, we developed a decision-making model for enterprises under risk and uncertainty factors. Conclusions. The results of the study can be used both in theory and in practice to improve the process of developing and making management decisions in the agricultural sector enterprises in the conditions of rapidly changing external environment.
An open label feasibility study of a nutrition and exercise app-based solution in cirrhosis
Authors: Ismond Kathleen P , Cruz Christofer , Limon-Miro Ana Teresa , Low Gavin , Prado Carla M , Spence John C , Raman Maitreyi , McNeely Margaret L , Tandon Puneeta
Published: January 2024

Background:

Nutrition and exercise are the mainstay of therapy for the prevention and treatment of frailty in cirrhosis. This pilot study assessed feasibility of the online delivery of an app-based semi-supervised nutrition and exercise intervention in this population.

Methods:

The 11-week pilot recruited adults with cirrhosis who owned internet-connected devices. Patients were encouraged to participate in exercise sessions 3× per week including a combination of online group exercise (weekly) and home-based follow-along exercise (biweekly). They also participated in group nutrition classes (five sessions) and one-to-one exercise and nutrition check-ins delivered through the app. Primary outcome measures pertained to program feasibility: recruitment, retention, adherence, and satisfaction. Exploratory measures included physical performance (liver frailty index [LFI], 6-minute walk test [6MWT]), health behaviour domains, and quality of life.

Results:

Twenty three patients completed baseline measures. Of these, 18 (72%) completed end of study measures (mean MELD-Na, 9.2; female, 44.4%). Over 70% of participants fulfilled 75% or more of the feasibility criteria. Satisfaction with the program was high (mean, 89%). Exercise program modifications were required for 17 patients to accommodate health events or abilities. Exploratory evaluation showed improvement in the LFI and the 6MWT by −0.58-units (95% CI: −0.91 to −0.25) and 46.0 m (95% CI: 22.7–69.3) respectively without changes in quality of life or health behaviour domains.

Conclusions:

Outcomes demonstrate feasibility of the app-based delivery of programming with promising exploratory impact on efficacy for physical performance. Findings can guide the design of a large-scale app-based randomized controlled trials in cirrhosis.
Trackless Trams: An Emerging Transformative Opportunity
Authors: Newman Peter
Published: January 2024

Trackless trams are a Chinese innovation that provide net zero opportunities, which are also transformative for cities. They have not yet been used outside China. They are battery-based vehicles with sensors that guide them down roads and have rail-like ride quality with potential to carry the equivalent of six lanes of traffic. This means they can enable net zero transformative potential for reducing car dependence while creating urban regeneration opportunities around stations, thus enabling other social and economic benefits for a city. The personal and research story is outlined of how urban leaders, developers and finance groups, are now discovering how trackless trams can be applied to their cities. Issues are being raised that need answers, but the immediate appeal of a new technology that can compete with cars and help provide a net zero transport solution is real. Significant steps forward in certifying this innovative vehicle are happening in 2023 and ongoing policy discussions are starting to resolve how best to demonstrate the technology so it becomes transformative. The opportunity is suggested to create a new model in cities on how to integrate such transit with urban regeneration in net zero corridors, using procurement with partnerships between private investment and public agencies.
АКТУАЛЬНІ ПИТАННЯ КРИМІНАЛЬНИХ ПРАВОПОРУШЕНЬ, ЩО ВЧИНЯЮТЬСЯ У СФЕРІ КОМП’ЮТЕРНОЇ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ
Authors: ІЄРУСАЛИМОВ Ігор , УДОВЕНКО Владислав
Published: January 2024

У статті здійснено аналіз наявних наукових досліджень щодо поняття кримінальних правопорушень, що вчиняються у сфері комп’ютерної інформації, та надано своє розуміння цього явища як протиправні дії, які вчиняються з використанням комп’ютерів, мережі «Інтернет», програмного забезпечення та інших цифрових технологій. Визначено, що залежно від характеру вчиненого кримінального правопорушення, що вчиняються у сфері комп’ютерної інформації, можна виділити такі їх види: крадіжка даних, шахрайство в Інтернеті, кіберсталкінг, кібербулінг, кібертероризм, кібершантаж, хакерство та комп’ютерний злом. Надано спектр заходів, спрямованих на зменшення ризиків та попередження цих кримінальних правопорушень.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВИКОНАВЧОГО НАПИСУ ЯК НОТАРІАЛЬНОГО АКТА
Authors: САЛАЙ Максим
Published: January 2024

У статті досліджено особливості виконавчого напису з погляду його характеристики як нотаріального акта. За результатом аналізу різних визначень нотаріальних актів, їх рис та видів зроблено висновок, що виконавчий напис нотаріуса є остаточним, правозахисним нотаріальним актом, який має виконавчу силу, що відмежовує його від інших нотаріальних актів. З’ясовано, що розпорядчий характер не є особливою рисою виконавчого напису, оскільки видача розпоряджень не характерна для нотаріальної діяльності. Тому виконавчий напис треба вважати підтверджувальним нотаріальним актом. Через дослідження основних ознак нотаріальних актів та їх класифікацій встановлено місце виконавчого напису в системі нотаріальних актів. Надано авторське бачення виконавчого напису як нотаріального акта.
ПРОБЛЕМА КЛАСИФІКАЦІЇ НОТАРІАЛЬНИХ ПРОВАДЖЕНЬ: СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ТА ШЛЯХИ ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ
Authors: ПУЗИРНИЙ Вячеслав
Published: January 2024

У статті досліджено різні критерії поділу нотаріальних дій на групи нотаріальних проваджень, що дозволяє розкрити їх сутність з боку завдань нотаріальної діяльності загалом. Акцентовано на такому критерії, як цілеспрямованість, юридичний зміст та мета нотаріальних дій. Вказаний критерій має теоретичну цінність, оскільки дозволяє більш змістовно досліджувати окремі нотаріальні дії та виявляти характерні відмінності між ними, сприяє розвитку науки про нотаріат, а також практичну, бо формує спеціальні правила вчинення конкретних нотаріальних дій у певній групі провадження. З метою вдосконалення нотаріальної діяльності запропоновано закріпити в нотаріальному процесуальному законодавстві відповідні положення щодо видів нотаріальних проваджень.
СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ГРОМАДЯНСЬКОГО СУСПІЛЬСТВА В УКРАЇНІ В УМОВАХ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ: КОНСТИТУЦІЙНО-ПРАВОВИЙ АНАЛІЗ
Authors: БРОВКО Наталя , ПОЛЯРУШ-САФРОНЕНКО Світлана
Published: January 2024

Розвиток громадянського суспільства характеризується багатьма чинниками, до яких варто віднести рівень розвитку цінностей у суспільстві та довіру до громадських інституцій. Розвинуте громадянське суспільство є невід’ємним атрибутом сучасної демократії. Євроінтеграційний курс України вимагає формування потужних інститутів громадянського суспільства, здатних чинити ефективний вплив на діяльність органів державної влади та органів місцевого самоврядування. Наразі відповідно до вимог міжнародної спільноти становлення громадянського суспільства в Україні потребує зміцнення її державності в аспекті подальшої розбудови правової держави з належним гарантуванням і забезпеченням прав людини, забезпеченням свободи слова і думки, вираження поглядів, світогляду і віросповідання, свободи об’єднання та активної участі в управлінні державними справами. Саме громадянське суспільство є представником інтересів суспільних груп та громадян, а його інститути відіграють активну роль у сприянні відновленню територіальної цілісності та розбудові миру, тому створення сприятливих умов для його розвитку є важливим завданням усіх органів державної влади та органів місцевого самоврядування. Першочергові завдання державної політики, спрямовані на розбудову громадянського суспільства, передбачають забезпечення сприятливого політико-правового середовища для його інституціонального розвитку, активного залучення громадян та інститутів громадянського суспільства до процесів вироблення та ухвалення суспільно значущих державно-управлінських рішень, формування та реалізації державної і місцевої політики, забезпечення відкритості участі інститутів громадянського суспільства у державних справах.
The Millennial’s Role in Improving the Community Welfare
Authors: Sari Irma , Prayoga Andhika Gilang , Fadri Zainal , Hakim Arif Rahman
Published: January 2024

The teenager nowadays takes the advantage of the time for things that do not provide a good feed back for himself, his family and the environment, this is a necessary thing to do coaching to the teenager, So as to be able to manage its time on useful things, what's more, the state of the world always strives to improve the quality of life of people, both regional, national and international. The global community deserves justice, protection, rights as citizens also their welfare. In an effort toimprove welfare is certainly not an easy thing, is a big PR for each government. The stability of the adolescent community the stability of the adolescent community which is adjusted to the needs of the community itself, besides that of course it can also provide the assistance to the community itself. Managing every potential that the community has, the tampa area decrypts the rights of one and the other. So that, it is necessary for strategic things to be done in improving the welfare of the community so that the community can be encapsulated according to its needs. In this sophistication and technology, many things can be facilitated especially the existence of millennials who should also care about the environment, social and so on, in addition to the role of millennials, of course, the role of the government cannot also be separated, because this is a very big driving factor in crucial matters related to society. Because if you talk about the community, it is divided into several categories, City Communities and Village Communities, Non-Akedemic Communities and Academic Communities. Community welfare is certainly how to try to overcome social problems or problems that occur in the society. So that it is necessary to do this to be done research in the hope of a solution so that the solution can be solved these problems.
The Potential for Development of the Aua Sarumpun Tourist Attraction
Authors: Saputra Eka , Fadri Zainal , Stevenson Sara , Abdurrahman Ismail
Published: January 2024

The type of research used is descriptive research with qualitative data. This research was conducted using interview instruments, documentation using mobile media, books and pens. In this study, the data sources obtained were primary data sources, namely data found directly in the field and supplemented with secondary data. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique used was data reduction, presentation and drawing conclusions and to check the validity of the data, the researchers used source triangulation, technical triangulation and time triangulation. Based on the research that the authors conducted at the Aua Sarumpun tourist attraction, it was found that there are three potentials that need to be developed at the Aua Sarumpun tourist attraction, namely the potential for human resource development, natural resource potential and cultural potential. The results of this study found that the potential for human resource development in developing the Aua Sarumpun tourist attraction is by building access roads and managing governance at the Aua Sarumpun tourist attraction, while the natural potential is in the form of potential natural resources that exist for the development of the Aua Sarumpun tourist attraction. This Sarumpun is the potential for nature in Aua Sarumpun which still needs a lot to be developed, for example savanna grasslands, good views and a beautiful atmosphere, while for its cultural potential in the form of traditions held at Aua Sarumpun tourist objects in the form of mangroves, eating bajamba , randai, salawat dulang, traditional speeches, chaotic lawuak cooking competitions which are still being displayed at one village event at this Aua Sarumpun tourist attraction.
BLOOD PLASMA 25-HYDROXYCALCIPHEROL (25(OH)D) CONTENT IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
Authors: Netrebin L.I.
Published: January 2024

Background. To date, it has become necessary to study the consequences of vitamin D-deficiency conditions on the course of severe complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), in particular diabetic retinopathy (DR), when the pleiotropic metabolic effect of vitamin D is significantly reduced.
Aim: to investigate the content of 25-hydroxycalciferol (25(OH)D) in the blood plasma of patients with type 2 diabetes at various stages of diabetic retinopathy.
Materials and methods. An open observational single-center one-stage selective study was conducted. The study was approved by the Local Ethics Committee. 90 patients (173 eyes) with T2D and DR (men and women; mean age - 59,4±3,4 years; mean HbA1c - 7,82±0,51 %) were assigned to 3 groups, based on the stage of DR (nonproliferative, preproliferative and proliferative). The inclusion of patients in groups with DR was carried out in accordance with the ETDRS protocol (2019). Statistical analysis was included ANOVA and regression analysis.
Results. It was shown that the blood plasma concentration of 25(OH)D in patients with T2D probably decreases at each stage of DR (I stage - 19.8 [18.8-22.6] ng\ml, II stage - 16.9 ng\ml [15.3- 18.8], stage III - 14.3 [12.5-15.8] ng/ml, p<0.001). At the same time, as the stage of DR increases, the frequency of detection of 25(OH)D deficiency (concentration less than 20 ng/ml) probably increases (50.0% - stage I, 86.2% - stage II, 94.3% - stage III, p <0.001). It was shown that the risk of a high degree of DR probably decreases (p<0.001) with an increase in the concentration of 25(OH)D in blood plasma for each ng/ml (OR = 0.64 (0.53 – 0.78)).
Conclusion. With an increassng in the stage of DR, the content of 25(OH)D in blood plasma decreases (p<0.001). At the same time, the proportion of patients with 25(OH)D deficiency increases, especially at stage III DR (p<0.001). An analysis of the relationship between the stage of DR and the concentration of 25(OH)D showed a decreasing in the risk of a high degree of DR with an increassng of the 25(OH)D.
KIDNEYS INVOLVEMENT INTO THE THYROID GLAND BURNING PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS
Authors: Tiron O.I. , Vastyanov R.S.
Published: January 2024

Background. Burn injuries considered to be the most common and severe diseases in people, positioned second place after traffic injuries. The thyroid gland, taking into account the wide range of thyroid hormones physiological activity, its structural and functional organization and morpho-functional features as well as large-scale duplicative mechanisms of regulatory feedback, is one of the first which receives the alterative thermal influence. Thyroid gland and other organs of the body dysfunction or pathological dysregulation occurs as a result of thermal exposure “triggers” systemic dysfunctions via the “vicious circle” and positive feedback mechanisms and systemic-antisystemic regulation which cannot be ignored by the majority of internal organs and organ systems resulting ion their functional disorders. We decided to test the assumptions regarding the kidneys participation in thyroid burning pathological process manifestation.

Aim: to investigate the changes in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense in erythrocytes and kidney tissue and to investigate the kidneys functional activity throughout the thyroid gland thermal.

Materials and methods. The malondialdehyde concentration and antioxidant enzymes activity - glutathione, catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase - were determined in white Wistar rats’ erythrocytes and kidney homogenate 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 30 days after the thyroid gland burning. Diuresis was calculated in rats during induced water diuresis and both the protein and creatinine content in urine was determined during the indicated periods after thyroid gland burning

Results. The significant accumulation of lipoperoxidation intermediate products and the antioxidant enzymes activity suppression in erythrocytes and in the kidney parenchyma are registered in rats during the post-burn period. The postburn period course is characterized by diuresis decrease. The urine protein level increased and the rate of protein excretion also increased in conditions of thyroid gland burning

Conclusion. Significant accumulation of lipoperoxidation intermediate products and the antioxidant enzymes activity suppression in erythrocytes and in the liver parenchyma is recorded in thyroid gland burning dynamics which we consider as evidence of erythrocytes and kidney involvement in the specified pathological process mediation. The expressed renal dysfunction develops with thyroid gland thermal damage which is manifested by kidneys both excretory and filtering functions impairment. The data obtained we consider as the experimental background for kidney involvement into the thyroid gland burning pathogenetic mechanisms and the pathological dysregulation of organs and organ systems formation in these pathological conditions.
NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN PROCEEDINGS OF CONGRESS EASL – 2023
Authors: Pinsky L.L.
Published: January 2024

Background. The significant increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes has led to an increase in the incidence of its hepatic manifestations, in particular non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. A complication of this disease is the asymptomatic progression of fibrosis, the development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Aim. To analyze the results of studies on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease that were reviewed at the Congress of the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL - 2023).
Materials and methods. Analysis of current data presented in the materials of the Congress of the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL - 2023) on the prevalence, pathogenesis and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Conclution. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the new term metabolic associated steatohepatitis (MASH) are the hepatic manifestations of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the prevalence of which is rapidly increasing with the increasing incidence of uncontrolled hyperglycemia. The new term MASH, which replaced the diagnosis of NAFLD, emphasizes that the main etiopathogenetic factor in the development of this liver pathology is type 2 diabetes mellitus. The progression of liver fibrosis and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in MASH can be caused not only by a high level of glycated hemoglobin, but also by multiple comorbid factors, in particular, autoimmune hepatitis, alcoholic and drug-induced liver damage, hemochromatosis, etc.
Development of industrial technology of plant substance of viburnum opulus fruit liquid extract
Authors: Ярошенко А. О. , Шпичак О. С. , Хохленкова Н. В. , Юр’єва Г. Б.
Published: January 2024

Nowadays, the development of domestic herbal medicines for the treatment of diseases of the cardiovascular system remains one of the current problems in the health care system of Ukraine. Some types of plant raw materials that can be successfully used in the complex therapy of cardiovascular diseases include viburnum fruits (Viburnum opulus L.). Pharmacological activity, the antimicrobial, antioxidant and cardioprotective properties of the extract developed on their basis from the fruits of the viburnum opulus fruit liquid extract (VOFLE) have studied by preclinical in vitro researches.
The aim of the work was the development of industrial technology of the domestic plant substance Viburnum opulus fruit liquid extract (VOFLE) for the purpose of it further introduction into the tablet dosage form.
Experimental samples of viburnum opulus fruits of domestic origin were used as object of research, harvested in the experimental fields of the Institute of Vegetable and Melon growing of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine (Kharkiv region) to obtain the plant substance VOFLE. Physicochemical and pharmacotechnological methods of research have been used in our work.
As a result of physical, chemical and pharmacotechnological researches, a domestic plant substance – Viburnum opulus fruit liquid extract (VOFLE) has been developed and standardized by extracting viburnum fruits (Viburni opuli fructus) by water-ethanol mixture 50% at the general ratio of raw material: extractant – 1:10, the analysis of each production stage of the technological process was carried out in order to establish the main technological parameters that are subjected to monitoring during the introduction of plant substances in industrial production and during the validation of the technological process.
The technology of the domestic herbal substance viburnum opulus fruit liquid extract (VOFLE) obtaining was theoretically justified and experimentally developed with the aim of its further introduction into a tablet medicinal form of cardioprotective and membrane-stabilizing activity. A technological block diagram was developed with the definition of its main critical stages of the production process of the herbal substance, as well as a production equipment scheme, which was tested in industrial conditions of the LLC «Pharmaceutical Company "Zdorovya"», Kharkiv.
Study of carotenoids and chlorophylls content in Thymus L. essential oils genus species at the reproductive period
Authors: Мазулін О. В. , Фуклева Л. А. , Стешенко Я. М. , Мазулін Г. В. , Салій O. O. , Пучкан Л. O.
Published: January 2024

The genus Thymus (Thymus L., Lamiaceae L.) is polymorphic, containing various races and forms with minor morphological differences. Up to 200 species have been identified in the world, of which up to 50 are found in Ukraine.
Widespread wild essential oil species of the genus Thymus L. in Ukraine are: creeping thyme, Crimean thyme, Dnieper thyme, Marshall's thyme, flea thyme, Pallas's thyme. Successfully cultivated: common thyme, Spanish white thin thyme, Spanish white flowering thyme, creeping thyme, lemon thyme.
Thyme is known for its rich chemical composition. Carotenoids and chlorophylls contribute to the accumulation of essential oil, polyphenolic compounds, antioxidant, detoxification and radioprotective effects.
For the standardization of raw materials of Thymus L. species, it is advisable to determine the accumulation of carotenoids and chlorophylls during the reproductive period.
The purpose of the work is to identify and determine the quantitative content of carotenoids and chlorophylls during the reproductive period in the herb species of the genus Thymus L. of the flora of Ukraine.
Raw materials were collected in steppe biocenoses and specialized farms of southeastern Ukraine during the reproductive period (May–September 2018–2023) according to generally accepted methods. They were dried at 35 ºС to a moisture content of no more than 10%. n-Hexane extracts (1:100) were used to identify substances and establish their quantitative content. The determination was made by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) followed by densitometry and spectrophotometry.
By the methods of thin-layer chromatography and spectrophotometry in n-hexane extracts from grass species of the genus Thymus L. of flora of Ukraine 4 carotenoids and 2 chlorophylls were identified. Cultivated species had the highest content: Th. vulgaris L. and Th. x citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb. var. «Silver Queen».
The accumulation of carotenoids and chlorophylls in the raw materials of the genus Thymus L. during the reproductive period was studied. The results indicate the expediency of standardization of the studied raw materials according to the accumulation of carotenoids and chlorophylls.
Psychiatric Comorbidities in Conduct Disorders and Neurobiological Bases
Authors: Altable Marcos
Published: January 2024

Conduct disorder is rarely isolated, and the international literature shows a high and very diverse comorbidity. This article presents in particular the psychiatric comorbidity of conduct disorder with other externalized disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and internalized disorders such as mood disorder (depressive and bipolar disorder), anxiety disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder and substance use disorders (abuse/dependence). These disorders seem to have a neurobiological substrate which implicates brain and hormonal changes, neurotransmitters alterations and environmental influences.
Comparative Perspectives on the Depiction of Women in Ancient Vietnam and Korea’s Society: Focusing on the Analysis of Vietnam’s The Trial at the Dragon King’s Palace (in Truyen Ki Man Luc) and Korea’s The Tale of Lady Suro (in Samguk Yusa)
Authors:   Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam, La Duy Tan , Phung Thi Thanh Xuan ,   University of Social Sciences and Humanities, VNU HCM, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam, Nguyen Trung Hiep ,   University of Social Sciences and Humanities, VNU HCM, , Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam, Le Thi Ngoc Cam ,   FPT University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
Published: January 2024

This paper is written by the writer’s understanding and analysis of Vietnamese and Korean social history in an effort to explore folklore and spiritual factors, specifically via an attempt to illuminate the similarity and differentiation of each factor. In this light, the paper offers an initial glimpse into the patterns through which Korean and Vietnamese people realized and deciphered natural phenomena in ancient times via Vietnam’s The Trial at the Dragon King Place (in Truyen Ki Man Luc) and Korea’s The Tale of Lady Suro (in Samguk Yusa). Most importantly, by examining the peculiar aspects of the two stories, the author also manages to imply an observation of the existence and role of women in Korea and Vietnam’s society in the past.
Effects of Process and Heat Source Parameters on Temperature Evolution in Thin-wall Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing using Explainable Deep Learning
Authors:   University of Liege, MSM Unit, Allée de la Découverte, 9 B52/3, B 4000 Liège, Belgium, Pham Thinh Quy-Duc , Bui Cuong Manh ,   Le Quy Don Technical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam, Le Thao Van ,   Le Quy Don Technical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam, Bui Vuong Sy ,   Institute of Southeast Vietnamese Studies, Thu Dau Mot University, 75100 Binh Duong Province, Viet Nam, Tran Xuan Van ,   Institute of Southeast Vietnamese Studies, Thu Dau Mot University, 75100 Binh Duong Province, Viet Nam
Published: January 2024

The wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process involves a multitude of uncertain parameters, making WAAM a complex system for analysis. To comprehensively investigate their effects and conduct sensitivity studies, a parametric approach is essential. However, such an approach necessitates a substantial number of simulations, each of which is time-consuming and can last up to a few days. In response, we construct a deep learning-based surrogate model trained on the data created by the validated finite element (FE) method. This surrogate model is used to conduct sensitivity analysis via the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method. The findings indicate that the positioning of the laser and its proximity to individual nodal points during the printing process are crucial features in predicting temperature evolution. Additionally, using the FFNN model instead of solely the FE model significantly reduces the computational cost (3272 times) of predicting the temperature field. This innovative approach promises to streamline the exploration of the intricate parameter space of WAAM, offering valuable insights for enhanced process optimization and control of complex manufacturing processes.
Applying the 5W-1H and 4M method to evaluate the content of analyzing the export business organization process: QSA approach
Authors:   University of Finance – Marketing, Vietnam, Quang Le Huy
Published: January 2024

The application and evaluation of the process of the implementating export business activities are mandatory requirements for students studying international business. Lecturers (instructors) can evaluate this requirement by evaluating the content of analysing the export business organization process of enterprises by students. The objective of these is to help students apply theory and practice to explain how to set up, organize, implement, and monitor and control operations; strategies, export business plans of enterprises. In addition, it also prepares the groundwork for the opportunity to find suitable jobs for students after graduation. On the other hand, how to evaluate the organization's export activities for students and lecturers is a big question that needs a clear method. So far, there has not been much literature regarding the method of evaluating the content of analyzing the export business organization process. In fact, there are many points of view to evaluate the above content. The article offers a new method that combines the 5W-1H (What, Who, When, Where, Why and How) and 4M (Men - people, Method - method, Machines - equipment, Materials - raw materials) to evaluate the analysis of export business organization processes as presented in practical reports written by students studying international business. The article utilizes the QSA (The qualitative secondary data analysis) approach, as well as the content analysis method and single case study. The implications of the article are twofold: firstly, it provides general guidelines to students on how to better analyze the content of export business organization processes, and secondly, it offers guidance to instructors on how to evaluate students' analyses of the same. Therefore, the use of the 5W1H and 4M methods creates consistency in analyzing the export business activities for both students, mentors, and reviewers for the graduation thesis of students.
Macro factors affecting the decisions to use currency derivatives of Vietnam's import and export enterprises: A new approach from LASSO regression models
Authors:   University of Economics and Law – Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Pham Minh Chau Nguyen , Nguyen Thi Thu Ha ,   University of Economics and Law – Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Le Ngoc Bao My ,   University of Economics and Law – Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Le Thai Nguyen ,   University of Economics and Law – Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Luong Huu Trien ,   University of Economics and Law – Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Nguyen Thi Ngoc Suong ,   University of Economics and Law – Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Trinh Minh Quy ,   University of Economics and Law – Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: January 2024

The emergence of currency derivatives plays a particularly important role for import - export businesses in minimizing financial risks and ensuring profits from future purchase and sale contracts. Although currency transactions using this tool bring many benefits, it is also inevitable that some risks occur due to uncontrollable fluctuations in exchange rates, interest rates, inflation and foreign exchange reserves in international trading transactions for entrepreneurs. Therefore, the study is conducted with the objective of analyzing the macro factors affecting the decision to use currency derivatives of import-export enterprises in Vietnam. The study uses secondary data collected in the period 2015 - 2021 of 100 enterprises with import-export activities in Vietnam listed on stock exchanges. Applying the new regression model LASSO to analyze the rules, affecting the decision to use financial derivatives and compare with the results when using the S-GMM method. The main results show that all four main independent variables have a significant impact on the decision to use currency derivatives of Vietnamese import and export enterprises. These are all based on science as well as previous research. Specifically, among the four main independent variables, interest rates, inflation and exchange rates have a positive and significant impact on the decision to use currency derivatives of Vietnamese import and export enterprises; meanwhile, foreign exchange reserves have a negative impact on the decision to use currency derivatives of Vietnamese import and export enterprises. In conclusion, the research will make a major contribution to the correction of defects in the model through the LASSO regression model. After obtaining the research results, the study will provide management implications for businesses to make decisions about using the tool effectively with the least risk.
Evaluación de los riesgos psicosociales en agentes de seguridad penitenciaria: centro de rehabilitación social Turi
Authors: Tapia Urgilez Claudia Magali , Solano Peláez José Luis
Published: January 2024

Introducción: En el artículo se presenta un análisis de los riesgos psicosociales en los agentes penitenciarios, siendo un aspecto de vital importancia en la gestión de los centros penitenciarios, ya que estos profesionales se enfrentan a desafíos únicos que pueden tener un impacto significativo en su bienestar psicológico y emocional. Este tema adquiere una importancia particular en un contexto en el que la atención a la salud mental y emocional de los trabajadores se reconoce como un factor esencial para garantizar un ambiente de trabajo saludable y para promover la rehabilitación efectiva de los reclusos. Objetivo: Analizar los riesgos psicosociales en los agentes penitenciarios del Centro de Rehabilitación Social Turi, mediante la aplicación del cuestionario de CoPsoQ istas21, con el fin de conocer el impacto que estos tienen en la salud, el bienestar y el rendimiento de los funcionarios que laboran en este Centro. Metodología: No experimental de corte transversal, de tipo cuantitativo y nivel descriptivo. Muestra: 310 agentes. Instrumentos: cuestionario CoPsoQ Istas 21. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que la mayoría de los agentes penitenciarios del Centro de Rehabilitación Social Turi, han tenido afecciones en su salud emocional, bienestar mental y su rendimiento, derivado de las largas jornadas laborales, la presión que representa laborar en la penitenciaría y la inseguridad a la que deben enfrentar diariamente. Conclusión: La evaluación permitió identificar los factores de riesgo psicosocial a los que están expuestos los agentes de seguridad en su entorno laboral. Estos factores evidencian un bajo nivel de exposición a situaciones de conflicto, violencia, estrés crónico y condiciones de trabajo adversas. Área de estudio general: Salud Ocupacional. Área de estudio específica: Salud y Seguridad Ocupacional.
Mordvinische lautlehre
Authors: Paasonen Heikki
Published: January 2024

Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimituksia XXII
Association Between Body Mass Index and the Incidence of Laryngeal Cancer
Authors: Hong Chan-Eui , Joo Young-Hoon , Kim Jin Kook , Cho Jae Hoon
Published: January 2024

Background and Objectives It is unknown whether the presence of low body mass index (BMI) influences the incidence of laryngeal cancer. In a national population-based study, we investigated their relationship retrospectively.Subjects and Method Using the data of Korean Health Insurance claims database, we selected adults aged 20 years or older who underwent a national health examination from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2008 and were followed up until 2015 for the occurrence of laryngeal cancer. The hazard ratio of laryngeal cancer according to BMI and smoking status in the subjects was analyzed and adjusted for factors such as age, sex, alcohol consumption, and exercise status.Results Finally, a total of 13675470 subjects were included in the study, and we found that laryngeal cancer occurred in 3731 of those subjects. The risk of developing laryngeal cancer was significantly associated with underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m2) even after adjustment (hazard ratio of 1.27; 95% confidence interval of 1.11-1.46). There was also a difference according to smoking status. Underweight was not associated with laryngeal cancer in never-smokers, but in ex-smokers and current smokers.Conclusion Being underweight can increase the risk of laryngeal cancer. In particular, this risk can increase if you drink and smoke at the same time.