bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Central Europe as a regional security (sub)complex in the interwar period
Authors: ALEXANDRESCU Mihai
Published: September 2022

This article proposes the use of a tool for analyzing the evolution of the balance of power in interwar Central Europe, taking over the theory of the regional security complex formulated by the Copenhagen School. This study starts from the premise that in from 1921 to 1938, it can be affirmed that the ephemeral existence of a central European security complex was distinct from the classical security complex of Europe. Next, the analysis criteria specific to the regional security complex and the diplomatic developments that created the Central European security complex are presented.
Article history: Received: 25.06.2022; Revised: 12.08.2022; Accepted: 12.08.2022; Available online: 15.09.2022
Rezumat: Acest articol propune utilizarea unui instrument de analiză a evoluției echilibrului de putere în Europa Centrală interbelică, preluând teoria complexului regional de securitate formulată de Şcoala de la Copenhaga. Acest studiu pleacă de la premisa că în perioada 1921-1938 se poate afirma existența efemeră a unui complex de securitate central european distinct de complexul clasic de securitate al Europei. In continuare, sunt prezentate criteriile de analiză specifice complexului regional de securitate şi evoluțiile diplomatice care au creionat complexul Central European de securitate.
Cuvinte cheie: Europa Centrală echilibrul interbelic de putere, complex regional de securitate, alianțe regionale, Acordurile de la Locarno.
INTERVIEW: EVE PATTEN
Authors: PATTEN Eve
Published: September 2022

Q: Literary history, be it national, local, or regional, is perhaps the most conservative form of literary study, with many claiming that the method is outmoded. What can literary histories do to overcome both the risk of obsolescence and their inherent conservatism?
A: At the high point of its evolution, say at the end of the nineteenth century when George Saintsbury published A Short History of English Literature (which of course, was anything but short), the genre of the literary history was unashamedly conservative, dedicated to the bolstering of national identity, political outlook, culture and tradition, in a mode that defined the thinking of most European nations. Literary history was ‘monumental’, in Nietzsche’s sense of that term: it was dedicated to the solidification of the past and its enshrinement in the narratives of the present. And rightly, this kind of monumentalism has been challenged, not just in our own time but throughout the twentieth century. Rene Wellek and Austin Warren were writing about ‘the fall of literary history’ back in the early 1940s (Theory of Literature, 1942), as the devastation of the Second World War undermined any sense of a collective or shared European narrative of cultural progress. At that time, many critics would have agreed, I expect, that this critical method would not survive the aesthetic and geo-political reorientations of the post-war decades.
INTERVIEW: SAMAH SELIM
Authors: SELIM Samah
Published: September 2022

Q: Literary history, be it national, local, or regional, is perhaps the most conservative form of literary study, with many claiming that the method is outmoded. What can literary histories do to overcome both the risk of obsolescence and their inherent conservatism?
A: I don’t think anyone really does traditional, canon-based literary history anymore in the wake of late 20th century post-structuralist and new historicist approaches. In the 21st century there has been a broad move away from national paradigms of literary history towards systems theory and comparativist methodologies that foreground the horizontal circulation of texts across linguistic and/or spatial and temporal borders, and hence work to undermine both the Eurocentrism and elitism embedded in comparative and national literary studies. World literature studies and translation studies have been the fields most implicated in this renovation of literary history. Narratology and comparative poetics offer useful tools for examining the history of traveling genres. Fabulous new collaborative initiatives like OCCT’s Prismatic Translation project deploy the translated work of literature as the productive site of multiple literary histories plotted across diverse geographies, languages and traditions. Moreover, in my own work overall I am very much inclined to agree with critics like Eric Hayot that a concern with the present should frame the way we go about investigating the past.
INTERVIEW: RŪTA ŠLAPKAUSKAITĖ
Authors: ŠLAPKAUSKAITĖ Rūta
Published: September 2022

Q: Literary history, be it national, local, or regional, is perhaps the most conservative form of literary study, with many claiming that the method is outmoded. What can literary histories do to overcome both the risk of obsolescence and their inherent conservatism?
A: Framed as it is, the question may be read as appealing to ideas about agency—personal, disciplinary, and institutional—in the appraisal of cultural forms as objects of critical scholarship, especially the study of literature. But the guiding assumption about the nature of literary history or histories, as simultaneously an endangered and a dominant academic species in critical humanities, is itself worthy of consideration. The convergence of our sense of the outdatedness of teaching and studying literary history, on the one hand, and its entrenchment in institutional practices, on the other, it seems to me, has a structure of the uncanny in that it captures the intellectual and affective resonance of our current moment at the same time as it throws us back to critiques of postmodern sensibility, with Jean-François Lyotard diagnosing the postmodern condition as a disillusionment with grand narratives, Fredric Jameson lamenting the “weakening of historicity, both in our relationship to public History and in the new forms of our private tempo­rality” (1991, 6), and Francis Fukuyama declaring the end of history consequent upon the victory of liberal democracy over the Soviet totalitarian regime. Yet, as the twenty-first century unfolds into its third decade, a number of these observations recede into doubt, whether through the durability of intellectually reflexive forms of art, like the historical novel (think of Linda Hutcheon’s reasoning about historiographic metafiction), or modes of entertainment, like genre fictions and blockbuster movies and TV series, or newly emerging geopolitical horizons of precarity, like global warming, international terrorism, racial, social, and climate injustice, nuclear imperialism, and war. There’s a haunting feeling that we have seen this before and one wonders if history has come back as a farce or as Feste’s prophecy in Twelfth Night about “the whirligig of time” which “brings in his revenges” (5.1.374).
INTERVIEW: GALIN TIHANOV
Authors: TIHANOV Galin
Published: September 2022

Q: Literary history, be it national, local, or regional, is perhaps the most conservative form of literary study, with many claiming that the method is outmoded. What can literary histories do to overcome both the risk of obsolescence and their inherent conservatism?
A: It seems to me imperative to come to terms with the fact that literary histories are a product of modernity; they typically begin as national accounts of cultural uniqueness, more often presumed than real. Early in the 19th century there appear the first macroregional literary histories, e.g. that by Sismondi, who is today best remembered as an economist and a social thinker; he wrote a history in several volumes of what he called “the South of Europe,” essentially a panoramic (and mosaic) history of the literatures in the Romance languages (but not of Romanian literature). How do we move onwards from the strictures imposed by the birthmarks of modernity with its teleological rationale? I have written briefly on this in an article on the challenges literary history faces in the 21st century. Today, I would add the following: literary history has to navigate the new concerns of anthropocentrism and, more widely, of a post-humanist world; without this, it would struggle to perform a meaningful role beyond a cultural space confined and fuelled by national(ist) agendas.
GENERATIONS, CONTEMPORANEITY, AND INTERSECTIONALITY IN LITERARY HISTORY
Authors: MIRONESCU Andreea
Published: September 2022

Generations, Contemporaneity, and Intersectionality in Literary History. While several traditional concepts of literary history, including literary periods, periodization itself, and genre, have been recently put into question and reframed in transnational, cross-temporal, and transdisciplinary ways, the notion of generation has received much less attention. At the same time, in various branches of cultural studies, and even more prominently in sociology, the problem of generations has taken center stage once again. In this article, the critic takes as her departure point Mihai Iovănel’s 2021 History of Contemporary Romanian Literature: 1990-2020 to discuss how the generational operator could be employed in post-Cold War literary history. Mironescu argues that a transversal and intersectional integration of generation into contemporary literary criticism could ensure a better understanding of intra- and transgenerational dynamics in terms of self-representations and group narratives, inclusions and exclusions, as well as gender and literary affiliations.
Article history: Received 27 February 2022; Revised 28 July 2022; Accepted 31 August 2022; Available online 20 September 2022; Available print 30 September 2022.
REZUMAT. Generații, contemporaneitate și intersecționalitate în istoria literară. Dacă diverse concepte tradiționale ale istoriei literare, precum perioadele literare (și conceptul însuși de periodizare) sau genurile literare au fost, în ultima vreme, chestionate critic și regândite în contexte transnaționale, cross-temporale și transdisciplinare, noțiunea de generație a primit mult mai puțină atenție din partea criticilor. În același timp, în diferite subdomenii ale studiilor culturale, și, mai pregnant, în sociologie, problema generațiilor a recâștigat o nouă actualitate. În acest articol Mironescu ia ca punct de plecare Istoria literaturii române contemporane: 1990-2020 (2021), pentru a discuta cum operatorul generațional poate fi utilizat în istoria literară de după sfârșitul Războiului Rece. Ea susține că o integrare transversală și intersecțională a noțiunii de generație în critica literară contemporană poate duce la o mai corectă înțelegere a dinamicii intra- și transgeneraționale în ceea ce privește autoreprezentările și narațiunile de grup, includerile și excluderile, afilierile literare sau de gen.
 Cuvinte-cheie: generație, generaționalitate, istorie literară, postcomunism, intersecționalitate
PERIPHERAL INTERACTIONS IN MIHAI IOVĂNEL’S “HISTORY OF CONTEMPORARY ROMANIAN LITERATURE: 1990-2020”
Authors: MÎRȚ Andreea
Published: September 2022

Peripheral Interaction in Mihai Iovănel’s History of Contemporary Romanian Literature. 1990–2020. The overall purpose of this contribution is to assess the impact the use of examples from “marginal” literatures has on the transnational mapping of contemporary Romanian literature undertaken by Mihai Iovănel in his recent History of Contemporary Romanian Literature: 1990-2020. Thus, the article aims to discuss the interconnections between contemporary Romanian literature and other peripheral literatures in the History. The author uses, Mîrț argues, the Western canon strategically to show how local literary production has been incorporated into the global literary circuit. Starting from the polysystem theory of Even-Zohar (1990), the article discusses the relationship between static and dynamic canonicity. The paper notes that in Iovănel’s project, the center–periphery and canonical–non-canonical dichotomies are complicated by the use of examples from other marginal spaces and, respectively, by the integration of paraliteratures in discourse. In terms of patterns or external influences, the Western canon’s presence in contemporary Romanian literature supplemented by literary and cultural material from Central and East European literature. In mapping local literary production, Iovănel takes into account Bessarabian literature as well.
Article history: Received 20 May 2022; Revised 25 August 2022; Accepted 31 August 2022; Available online 20 September 2022; Available print 30 September 2022.
REZUMAT. Interacțiuni periferice în Istoria literaturii române contemporane: 1990-2020 de Mihai Iovănel. Articolul își propune să discute (inter)conexiunile dintre literatura română și alte literaturi periferice în Istoria literaturii române contemporane. 1990-2020 de Mihai Iovănel. Autorul recurge la canonul occidental în mod strategic, pentru integrarea producției literare locale în circuitul literar global, iar pornind de la teoria polisistemului (Even-Zohar), articolul discută raportul dintre canonicitatea statică și dinamică. În proiectul lui Iovănel, dihotomiile centru–periferie, canonic–non-canonic sunt depășite prin recursul la exemple din alte spații marginale și, respectiv, prin integrarea paraliteraturilor. Dacă în ceea ce privește modelul sau influențele externe, canonul occidental este completat cu referințe din literatura central și est-europeană, în cartografierea producției locale, Iovănel integrează și literatura basarabeană. Scopul articolului este să interogheze dacă recursul la alte literaturi marginale, adică la un canon global dinamic, poate avea efecte în cartografierea transnațională a literaturii române contemporane.
Cuvinte-cheie: literatura central și est-europeană, literatură din Basarabia, canon occidental, canon dinamic, transnațional
TOWARDS A DECENTRALIZED LITERATURE
Authors: VANCEA Mihaela
Published: September 2022

Towards a Decentralized Literature. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how the History of Contemporary Romanian Literature by Mihai Iovănel opens new paths both in interpreting literature and towards understanding Romanian cultural identity at large. In this sense, “transnational specificity,” as Iovănel calls it, becomes a most resourceful field that allows, as Vancea shows, important insights into national and global identity in the context of significant technological developments. In the same vein, Vancea draws from Daniel David’s work on the psychology of the Romanian people to highlight new cultural aspects that could lead to changes in literature. At the same time, the paper tries to bring humanities closer to the perspectives that the Web3 phenomenon announce.
Article history: Received 22 May 2022; Revised 25 August 2022; Accepted 31 August 2022; Available online 20 September 2022; Available print 30 September 2022
REZUMAT. Către o literatură descentralizată. Scopul acestei lucrări este de a evidenția modul în care Istoria Literaturii Române Contemporane scrisă de Mihai Iovănel deschide noi căi de interpretare a literaturii, dar și a identității culturale. Specificul transnațional devine în acest sens un teren ofertant care permite deschiderea unei discuții mai largi cu privire la identitatea noastră națională și globală în contextul profundei dezvoltări tehnologice. În acest sens, voi completa exemplele menționate de criticul literar cu studiul lui Daniel David despre psihologia poporului român pentru a evidenția noi puncte vulnerabile care ar putea să determine schimbări în viitorul apropiat al literaturii. Totodată, lucrarea încearcă să apropie umanioarele de perspectivele pe care le aduce în viitor fenomenul Web3.
 Cuvinte-cheie: identitate culturală, literatura descentralizată, Web3, istorie literară, NFT
SOME THEORETICAL SHORTCOMINGS IN MIHAI IOVĂNEL’S “HISTORY OF CONTEMPORARY ROMANIAN LITERATURE: 1990-2020”
Authors: CLINCI Daniel
Published: September 2022

Some Theoretical Shortcomings in Mihai Iovănel’s History of Contemporary Romanian Literature: 1990-2020. This paper is an analysis of some of the concepts (posthuman, capitalist realism, transnational) used in Mihai Iovănel’s History of Contemporary Romanian Literature: 1990-2020, pointing out the way in which the author borrows some terms from current global debates and uses them as labels, without their theoretical backgrounds and foundation. This echoes another misunderstanding in Romanian literary studies, that of the term postmodernism, which is, Clinci argues, another example of self-colonization.
Article history: Received 10 January 2022; Revised 27 August 2022; Accepted 31 August 2022; Available online 20 September 2022; Available print 30 September 2022
REZUMAT. Câteva probleme teoretice în Istoria literaturii române contemporane: 1990-2020 a lui Mihai Iovănel. Acest text este o analiză a câtorva concepte (postuman, realism capitalist, transnaţional) utilizate în Istoria literaturii române contemporane: 1990-2020 a lui Mihai Iovănel, care arată cum autorul împrumută unii termeni din dezbaterile globale actuale și le folosește drept etichete, fără baza sau fundalul lor teoretic. Acest lucru reia o altă problemă a studiilor literare românești, cea a termenului de postmodernism, ca un alt exemplu de autocolonizare.
Cuvinte-cheie: postmodernism, postumanism, auto-colonizare, literatură română, realism capitalist
LITERARY HISTORIOGRAPHY AND THE PROBLEM OF THE AUTHOR: MIHAI IOVĂNEL’S “HISTORY” AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN AUTHORSHIP STUDIES
Authors: CIOROGAR Alex
Published: September 2022

Literary Historiography and the Problem of the Author: Mihai Iovănel’s History and Recent Developments in Authorship Studies. The present paper examines the dynamics between literary historiography and authorship studies and the way in which these problems related to Mihai Iovănel’s recent History. Ciorogar argues that authorship theories have always determined the workings of canonicity. Furthermore, the metamorphoses of literary histories could be viewed, he insists, as a series of conceptual revolutions. Consequently, arguments related to authorship have given rise to both new fields of research and disciplines. Finally, Ciorogar also suggests that the evolution of literary criticism and theory is more or less coeval with the history of auctorial models.
Article history: Received 26 July 2022; Revised 22 August 2022; Accepted 31 August 2022; Available online 20 September 2022; Available print 30 September 2022.
REZUMAT. Istoriografia literară și problema autorului: Istoria lui Mihai Iovănel și noi dezvoltări în studiile de auctorialitate. Lucrarea de față examinează dinamica relațiilor dintre istoriografia literară și studiile de auctorialitate, precum și modul în care aceste două problemă se raportează la recenta Istorie publicată de Mihai Iovănel. Teza principală e aceea conform căreia teoriile auctoriale ar determina modurile de funcționare a canonicității. Mai mult, metamorfozele istoriilor literare ar putea fi privite ca o serie de revoluții conceptuale. În consecință, argumentele și dezbaterile centrate în jurul conceptului de autor au dat naștere atât unor noi domenii de cercetare, cât și altor discipline. În cele din urmă, textul sugerează că evoluția criticii și a teoriei literare reprezintă, astfel, istoria modelelor auctoriale.
Cuvinte-cheie: teorii auctoriale, istorie literară, critică și teorie, moartea și revenirea autorului, metodologii de cercetare, Mihai Iovănel
FIKTION BEI PAUL DE MAN
Authors: KULCSÁR-SZABÓ Zoltán
Published: September 2022

Fiction in Paul de Man. Literature as a modern institution is founded—as, considering the relationship between testamentality and fictionality, Jacques Derrida pointed out in his essay Demeure and pertinent texts—on the one hand on the neutralization of the undecidability that haunts the demarcation line between literature and its “other,” and on the further fiction of comme si on the other. Aiming to inquire into the far side of this institutionally fortified “other fiction,” the present contribution attempts to give an account of Paul de Man's concept of fiction that is based on the non-phenomenal effects of a machine-like textuality. This concept appears—even if in a rather dispersed way—again and again in central contexts of the Rousseau part of Allegories of Reading, but has received surprisingly little attention in the literature on de Man. The focus of this article lies on the close reading of a longer passage from the final chapter of the mentioned work.
Article history: Received 30 June 2022; Revised 18 July 2022; Accepted 30 July 2022; Available online 20 September 2022; Available print 30 September 2022.
REZUMAT. Ficțiunea la Paul De Man. Literatura ca instituție modernă este fundamentată – așa cum sublinia Jacques Derrida în eseul său Demeure și în alte texte relevante privind relația dintre testamentalitate și ficționalitate – pe de o parte, pe neutralizarea indecidabilității care bântuie linia de demarcație dintre literatură și “celălalt” și, pe de altă parte, pe ficțiunea lui comme si. Având intenția de a examina zona îndepărtată a acestei “alte ficțiuni” fundamentate instituțional, contribuția actuală încearcă să dea seama de conceptul de ficțiune la Paul de Man, concept bazat pe efectele non-fenomenale ale unei textualități cvasi-mecaniciste. Acest concept apare iar – chiar dacă într-un mod destul de dispersat – în punctele nodale ale secțiunii Rousseau din Alegoriile lecturii, dar a beneficiat de surprinzător de puțină atenție în literatura consacrată lui de Man. În prezentul articol accentul cade pe lectura atentă a unui pasaj mai lung din capitolul final al lucrării menționate.
Cuvinte-cheie: deconstrucție, ficțiune, Paul de Man, mărturie, textualitate
READING "ROMEO AND JULIET’"S ILLUSTRATIONS AS PARATEXT: A CLOSE-UP ON THE BALCONY SCENE
Authors: PERCEC Dana , PUNGĂ Loredana
Published: September 2022

Reading “Romeo and Juliet”’s Illustrations as Paratext: A Close-up on the Balcony Scene. Paratextual elements, particularly illustrations, play a crucial role in how the texts they accompany are understood by their readers. As instances of intersemiotic translation—the result of transfer of linguistic signs into visual ones—, they direct the readers’ meaning-making process by encapsulating not only the illustrators’ own artistic vision, but also by bringing to the fore socio-cultural elements of both the historical context and its contemporary readership. The range of intersemiotic translation techniques in use to do this lead to the creation of illustrations whose degree of faithfulness to the text varies. This article considers a number of illustrations corresponding to the balcony scene in William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet that were produced in a time span between the 18th century and the present. It looks in more detail at how these illustrations faithfully connect to the original play and to the broad historical context in which it was written or, rather, use them as input only to reflect other attitudes, points of view, socio-cultural tendencies, etc.
Article history: Received 15 June 2022; Revised 18 July 2022; Accepted 20 July 2022; Available online 20 September 2022; Available print 30 September 2022
REZUMAT. Ilustrațiile tragediei Romeo și Julieta ca paratext: prim plan cu scena balconului. Elementele paratextuale, inclusiv ilustrațiile, au un rol crucial în felul în care textele pe care acestea le însoțesc sunt înțelese de cititori. Ca exemple de traduere intersemiotică – rezultat al transferului între semnele lingvistice și semnele vizuale –, ilustrațiile ghidează procesul de construire a sensului de către cititori nu numai prin faptul că sintetizează viziunea artistică proprie a ilustratorului, ci și prin aceea că aduc în prim plan elemente atât ale contextului istoric și ale cititorului contemporan. Gama de tehnici de traducere intersemiotică folosite pentru a face aceste lucruri duce la propunerea unor ilustrații fidele sau mai puțin fidele textului. Prezentul articol analizează modul în care câteva ilustrații corespunzătoare scenei balconului din Romeo și Julieta, piesa lui William Shakespeare, produse în intervalul de timp dintre secolul al XVIII-lea și prezent, dovedesc.
 Cuvinte-cheie: ilustrațiile ca paratext, traducere intersemiotică, scena balconului, Romeo și Julieta de William Shakespeare, re-crearea textului
LA VILLE DE KINSHASA DANS LES ROMANS DE IN KOLI JEAN BOFANE
Authors: URS Andreea Bianca
Published: September 2022

The City of Kinshasa in the Novels of In Koli Jean Bofane. Through his novels, Congo Inc. and Mathématiques congolaises, In Koli Jean Bofane becomes the author of the city of Kinshasa. With its vast and diverse geography, the Congolese capital offers itself to being read like an open book. In her study, using the theoretical lens of Bertrand Westphal’s geocriticism, Urs explores Bofane’s fictional representation of the Congolese capital, in which she identifies three spaces of refuge. Acquiring both critical and political overtones, these spaces serve as a mise en abyme that can illustrate the functioning of literature. Refuge spaces are also living elements in the city, so necessary for the suffering characters.
Article history: Received 20 May 2022; Revised 26 August 2022; Accepted 31 August 2022; Available online 20 September 2022; Available print 30 September 2022.
REZUMAT. Orașul Kinshasa în romanele lui In Jean Koli Bofane. Prin romanele sale, Congo Inc. și Mathématiques congolaises, In Koli Jean Bofane devine autorul orașului Kinshasa. Astfel, prin corpul său vast și divers, capitala congoleză poate să fie citită ca o carte deschisă. În cele două romane, spațiul reprezintă atât un element revelator pentru cititor, cât și o poartă de intrare în universul congolez. Pentru a valorifica datele, în această lucrare am folosit instrumentarul metodologic din Geocritica lui Bertrand Westphal care poate reprezenta baza oricărui studiu actual despre spațiu, apoi am explorat universul literar al capitalei congoleze. În interiorul vieții scrise, am identificat trei spații de refugiu care reprezintă mise en abyme a funcționării literaturii care preiau atât valori critice, cât și politice. Spațiile de refugiu, atât de necesare personajelor suferinde, sunt, de asemenea, elemente vii ale orașului Kinshasa.
Cuvinte-cheie: Africa, RDC, Republica Democrată Congo, Kinshasa, oraș literar, oraș african, geocritică
THE FIVE CONTROVERSIES IN JERUSALEM: ACCORDING TO THE GOSPEL OF MATTHEW
Authors: MOCAN Traian Gheorghe
Published: September 2022

This study deals exegetically with five passages from the Gospel of Matthew (21:23-27; 22:15-22; 22:23-33; 22:34-40; 22:41-46). They describe the Saviour’s confrontations with the Jewish leaders in the last week of His earthly life. The topics discussed throughout these polemics reflect the theological concerns of Jesus’ interlocutors, especially the issues of authority, resurrection, law, and messiahship. These controversies eloquently express Jesus’ teaching quality. The Saviour’s presence and impact are given on the one hand by the content of his answers and his impeccable rhetoric. Besides the intrinsic theological value of these dialogues, they are also important from an ecclesiological and spiritual point of view.
La «paz total» de Gustavo Petro: el imperativo de proteger a los defensores de los derechos humanos en Colombia
Authors:   Investigadora sénior, CIDOB, Ayuso Anna , Ferretti Aina ,   Investigadora independiente
Published: September 2022

El recién estrenado Gobierno de Gustavo Petro se ha propuesto como objetivo acabar con la violencia estructural en Colombia y construir la «paz total». Terminar con las agresiones y los homicidios contra los defensores de los derechos humanos es uno de los imperativos a los que debe hacer frente el nuevo presidente, por lo que algunas de las primeras medidas tomadas por su Gobierno van en este sentido. Proteger a los defensores de los derechos humanos no es solo un imperativo moral y una obligación del Estado –amparada por la legislación nacional e internacional–, sino que es también una condición para la gobernabilidad del territorio y la construcción de la paz. Petro se enfrenta a un contexto socioeconómico difícil, con muchos actores involucrados, una trama de complicidades e intereses contrapuestos y una sociedad fragmentada. En las primeras semanas de gobierno, sin embargo, el nuevo presidente ha mostrado voluntad política y una ambición efectiva para la «paz total», aunque para lograrla va a necesitar también medios materiales y una sociedad civil comprometida con el proyecto.
NATO looks south: priorities, strategies and instruments
Authors:   Associate Senior Researcher, CIDOB (coordinated and edited), Soler i Lecha Eduard
Published: September 2022

The Russian invasion of Ukraine has changed the way the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) addresses security challenges on its southern flank. At the Madrid summit (29-30 June 2022), the allies acknowledged the importance of the Mediterranean, North Africa, the Sahel and the Middle East as a space of global geopolitical competition and an area with worrying levels of human insecurity and foci of instability. NATO could play a more constructive role on its southern flank by: 1) improving stabilisation and crisis management approaches and instruments; 2) finding ways to transform partners from security consumers to security providers; 3) enhancing NATO maritime capabilities and partnerships; 4) strengthening coordination and cooperation with the European Union (EU) and, when possible, with other regional organisations; 5) exploring common ground among NATO’s Mediterranean members; 6) increasing anticipation capacities, including by cultivating a more structured relationship with political, economic and social experts and research centres.
Coordinated Optimization Scheduling of Data Center and Electricity Retailer Based on Cooperative Game Theory
Authors:   Shandong University, Ye Guisen
Published: September 2022

As the number of internet data centers (IDC) increases, the energy consumption of modern data centers is growing rapidly, which takes an increasing part of the global electricity consumption. In implementation, to cover the electricity consumption and reduce the electricity bill, data centers are often deployed with renewable energy, energy storage system (ESS) and conventional generators, which has brought the characteristics of both flexible electricity load and micro grid to the data centers. Therefore, the data center micro grids can adjust its operations according to the real time electricity price and cut down the operational cost. However, the rising of electricity will force the data center to start up the conventional generators, which leads to the incensement of operational cost and carbon tax. In view of this, we propose a coordinated operation scheduling method of data centers and electricity retailers based on cooperative game theory. In this method, a cooperative game union comprised of the data center and the electricity retailer is established to minimize the total cost. And the extra income of the alliance is distributed using the Shapley value method. A simulation is launched on Gurobi software, and the results have illustrated that the proposed method can reduce the data center operational cost by 5%.
Overview of Voltage Regulator Modules in 48 V Bus-Based Data Center Power Systems
Authors:   ShanghaiTech University, Liang Jiawei
Published: September 2022

The intermediate dc bus voltage in modern data center backend power supply is evolving from conventional 12 V to 48 V. It still requires the voltage regulator modules (VRM) to feed the terminal loads such as memory and computing units operating with very high current (> 100 A/module) and very low logic voltage (0.8 V-1.8 V). This makes it challenging to optimize the design of load-side VRMs with quadrupled input voltage. This paper comprehensively reviews the state-of-the-art 48 V VRMs and categorizes them according to passive component utilization. The first category is inductive solution which is further divided into coupled-inductor-based converters and transformer-based converters. The second category named capacitive solution is further divided into resonant switched-capacitor-based converters (Resonant SCC) and hybrid switched-capacitor-based converters (Hybrid SCC). Typical topologies are discussed, analyzed and summarized to perform a comprehensive performance comparison, such that the characteristics of different VRMs can be manifested. Some design considerations are also given to facilitate the design of the practical prototypes. Moreover, opportunities and challenges in the future data center power system are presented to provide technical insights.
Modular High Efficiency High Density MHz DCX With Different Output Voltage Adaptation
Authors:   Zhejiang University, Li Guangcan
Published: September 2022

Dc power distributions have been the trend to replace conventional ac distributions in data centers for their reduced conversion steps and higher efficiency, and 48 V VR has been proposed in recent years to reduce the large bus-bar I2R loss. However, conventional 12 V VR is still widely used for its mature design, and when replacing the 12 V VR with the 48 V VR, the converter before the VR usually needs to be redesigned for different output voltage, which results in a high cost during the update iteration. In this paper, a high efficiency high power density series resonant converter (SRC) dc transformer (DCX) with modular structure and different output voltage adaption is proposed. By using low voltage devices with low NFoM (NFoM = Rdson·Cotr), the conduction loss of the MOSFETs can be reduced. A chain series-parallel structure is proposed for current and voltage balancing and both 48 V and 12 V output voltage can be achieved with the same components. With the same key parameters, 1 MHz 380 V/48 V and 380 V/12 V SRC DCX prototypes are built by only changing the connection structures. Peak efficiency over 98.0% is achieved and the power density attains more than 800 W/in3 under a full load of 1800 W.
An Improved Swiss Rectifier and Its Nonlinear Control for Lower THD
Authors:   Xiamen University of Technology, Zhang Qiang
Published: September 2022

Three-phase power factor correction (PFC) converters capable of step-down voltage are attractive in lower components voltage stress, and optimal design of following dcdc stage, which is an alternative for next-generation datacenter power conversion. An improved three-phase step-down PFC converter (swiss rectifier) based on harmonic-current-injection (HCI) concept is proposed. It improves input current quality by eliminating switching dead zone of HCI network and avoids short circuit fault from hardware level. According to one-cycle control (OCC), a novel nonlinear control strategy (termed as closed-loop OCC) is presented, which reduces the impact of dc inductor current ripple on input current. The principles of the improved swiss rectifier and closed-loop OCC are analyzed in detail, verified by simulation and on an 80 kHz, 300 V/2 kW prototype with digital controller. At rated condition, input current THD < 2%.
New records of phytoseiid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae) in Belgium with an identification key to Belgian species
Authors: Döker Ismail , Vangansbeke Dominiek , Merckx Jonas
Published: September 2022

This study provides five new records of phytoseiid mites; Amblyseius herbicolus, Neoseiulus reductus, Kampimodromus corylosus, Paraseiulus triporus and Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) rhenanoides for the Belgian fauna. In the study, additional morphological information and new illustrations for the new records as well as an identification key for the Belgian species of Phytoseiidae are presented.
Determination of some physiological parameters in spinach (Spinacia oleraceaL.) cultivated in Kosovo
Authors: Jakupi Mimoza , Demirbas Sefer , Adiloglu Sevinc , Solmaz Yusuf , Rusinovci Imer , Zeka Dukagjin , Adiloglu Aydin , Kaul Hans-Peter , Aliu Sali
Published: September 2022

The objective of this work was to investigate the levels of photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], peroxidase [POX], ascorbate peroxidase [APX], glutathione reductase [GR], and MDA), total glutathione (GSH), total ascorbate (AsA), and lipid peroxidation of two spinach cultivars (Clipper and Matador) sampled in different locations in Kosovo (Prizren, Ferizaj, and Obiliq). The photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyllaandbas well as carotenoids, were extracted by 80% acetone, and concentrations were calculated based on the absorbance values at 663, 645, and 480 nm. There was a significant difference in SOD, APX, and GR activities between varieties at each location. The MDA and AsA contents in Obiliq were the highest, compared to other locations. From the increase in lipid peroxidation level, it can be assumed that the degradation in pigment content was caused by the decrease in total AsA content and APX and GR enzyme activities, which are the main enzymes of the AsA–GSH cycle in chloroplasts.
The influence of extreme cold ambient temperature on out of hospital cardiac arrest: A systemic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lin Yanxia , Zhang Huanrui , Zhao Shijie , Hua Guohui , Tian Wen
Published: September 2022

Objective

Many researches have demonstrated the effects of the extreme cold ambient temperature on the risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA); yet, the results have been inconsistent. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate whether extreme cold ambient temperature is related to OHCA.

Methods

We searched for time-series studies reporting associations between extreme cold ambient temperature and OHCA in PubMed, web of science and Cochrane database.

Results

Six studies involving 2 337 403 cases of OHCA were qualified for our meta-analysis. The odds ratio (OR) of OHCA was significantly increased in extreme cold weather (defined as the 1st or 5th centile temperature year-round) compared to reference temperature (as the 25th centile temperatures or daily mean temperature with minimum risk of OHCA) (OR=1.49, 95% CI 1.18–1.88). The subgroup analysis for the elderly and the female failed to detect the influence of extreme cold weather on OHCA, the ORs are 1.25 (95% CI 0.89–1.75) and 1.19 (95% CI 0.87–1.64), respectively.

Conclusion

The risk of OHCA is significantly higher in extreme cold ambient temperatures than in reference temperature, according to a relative temperature scale with percentiles of the region-specific temperature distribution.
Non-tariff regulation of foreign trade in goods as a factor of socio-economic development of member states of the Eurasian Economic Union
Authors: KOVARDA Vladimir V. , LAPTEV Roman A.
Published: September 2022

Subject. The article considers internationalization of the world economy and expansion of cooperation ties.
Objectives. The focus is on the analysis of the role of non-tariff regulation in strengthening the integration of countries of the Eurasian Economic Union.
Methods. The study employs methods of logical and statistical analysis.
Results. We analyzed the legal framework for non-tariff regulation of foreign economic activity in the EAEU, highlighted national (using the case of Russia) and integration features. We determined import substitution trends for certain types of food products.
Conclusions. The efficiency of use of non-tariff regulation has an impact on the level of socio-economic development.
Wpływ pandemii na funkcjonowanie wybranych instytucji kultury w Krakowie i Katowicach
Authors: Petroniec Joanna , Rokosz-Lempart Katarzyna , Kwiatek Sołtys Agnieszka
Published: September 2022

Zaspokajanie potrzeb niematerialnych, w tym uczestnictwo w kulturze, należy obecnie do podstawowych potrzeb człowieka żyjącego w społeczeństwie wysoko rozwiniętym. Tym samym działalność kulturalna staje się zjawiskiem popularnym i powszechnym. Pandemia COVID-19 zmieniła dotychczasową rzeczywistość, co miało duży wpływ na sferę kulturalną polskich miast. Wszystkie instytucje kultury musiały mierzyć się z często zmieniającymi się zasadami ich funkcjonowania i dostosowywać się do obowiązującego reżimu sanitarnego. Opracowanie ma na celu zobrazowanie zmian w funkcjonowaniu strefy kulturalnej Krakowa i Katowic, wprowadzonych w wyniku pandemii. Rozmowy i wywiady z przedstawicielami wybranych placówek kulturalnych pozwoliły na poznanie i omówienie stojących przed nimi problemów oraz wyzwań. Na podstawie badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych w gronie odbiorców kultury opisano także wprowadzone rozwiązania oraz stopień zadowolenia z nich. Z badań wynika, że analizowane placówki szybko zaczęły tworzyć zdalne drogi kontaktu z odbiorcą. Zainteresowanie działalnością placówek kulturalnych w okresie pandemii było znacznie ograniczone. Przewidywany wpływ tego okresu na funkcjonowanie instytucji kultury w przyszłości paradoksalnie wydaje się jednak pozytywny. Wszystkie placówki zgodnie zajmują stanowisko, że większość najważniejszych wydarzeń będzie w przyszłości odbywać się także w formie online, stając się wydarzeniami hybrydowymi, co może pomóc w przyciągnięciu uwagi młodszych odbiorców.
ABSOLUTE COMPETENCE OF ADMINISTRATIVE COURT REGARDING DISPUTES ON LAND RIGHTS CERTIFICATE
Authors: Aprilo Onma Ezra Rodi , Ihutan Langgam , Halomoan Eric , Sinaga Anandersah , Adikancana Santi Hapsari Dewi
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this article is to knowing how the absolute competence of the State Administrative Court in Indonesia is and how the competence of the State Administrative Court is if there is a land dispute over land rights certificates. This article was compiled using 2 (two) types of approaches, namely the normative approach and the historical approach where this article is a normative research article. Based on the results of the discussion analysis, the absolute competence of the State Administrative Court is the authority to examine, decide, and resolve state administrative disputes where there are existing restrictions.
Content and Quality of Online Videos About Ostomy Pouch Changes: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Temiz Zeynep , Kandemir Didem
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Many health-related videos are available online. One type of health-related video is related to stoma pouch change. However, a system to evaluate the quality and content of these videos is lacking. PURPOSE: To evaluate the content and quality of YouTube videos on colostomy pouch change. METHODS: A descriptive study was carried out by searching for videos on March 15, 2021, using the key words “colostomy care,” “colostomy bag/pouch change,” and “ostomy bag/pouch change.” A 5-point Global Quality Scale was used to evaluate the quality of the videos, and a 10-point scale was used to evaluate the content. The videos were classified as “useful” or “useless” according to their content and quality scores. RESULTS: A total of 128 videos were found; 94 videos met the criteria and were included in the study. The content of the 94 videos was examined by 2 independent researchers. The overall content score of the videos was 8.24 ± 1.56, and the overall quality score was 3.14 ± 0.97. A total of 66 (70.21%) videos were useful, and 28 (29.79%) videos were useless. The mean scores of useful videos for content (9.09 ± 0.83) and the average Global Quality Scale scores (3.53 ± 0.76) were significantly higher than those of useless videos (6.17 ± 0.90 and 2.25 ± 0.75, respectively; (P < .05). The results showed that 57.6% of the useful videos were uploaded by universities, professional organizations, and health care professionals, and 67.9% of the useless videos were uploaded by patients; the difference was statistically significant (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Results indicated that the majority of online videos evaluated were accurate. Most of these videos were uploaded by universities, professional organizations, health care professionals, or medical advertisers. Although there were many limitations to this study, the authors suggest that health care professionals can direct their patients to these sources after hospital discharge. However, future studies are needed.
Intensive Care Unit, Cardiac Care Unit, and Emergency Department Nurses’ Perceptions of Medical Device-Related Pressure Injuries: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nassehi Asra , Jafari Mojtaba , Rashvand Franoosh , Rafiei Hossein , Hosseinpour Fatemeh , Shamekhi Lida
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Nurses’ perception of medical device–related pressure injuries (MDRPIs) may affect their performance, but there is a lack of studies in this area. PURPOSE: The current study aimed to examine intensive care unit (ICU), cardiac care unit (CCU) and emergency department nurses’ perception of proper prevention of MDRPIs and care for individuals with such injuries. METHODS: This descriptive study was conducted in 4 general hospitals in Iran in 2021. All nurses (N = 310) working in ICUs, CCUs and emergency departments of these facilities were invited to complete a researcher-made demographic checklist and an 11-item questionnaire to assess attitudes toward MDRPIs. The questionnaire item responses were scored from 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree) with the total score for the 11 items ranging from 11 to 55. A score of 11 to 25 was categorized as indicating a negative attitude toward proper prevention of MDRPIs and care for such patients; a score of 26 to 40 indicated a neutral attitude, and a score >40 indicated a positive attitude. RESULTS: A total of 260 nurses fulfilled the data collection tool. The response rate was 83.8%. The mean total score of attitude toward MDRPIs was 41.7. No significant relationship was observed between the total score of nurses’ attitudes and their demographic variables. Of the 260 participants, 159 stated they had not received any trainings on MDRPIs at nursing schools during their education, 212 stated they had not participated in any scientific workshops on MDRPIs, and 167 described their knowledge about the prevention and care of MDRPIs as insufficient. CONCLUSION: Among ICU, CCU, and emergency nurses in Iran, most had a positive attitude toward the prevention and care of MDRPIs, but steps should be taken to offer more opportunities for nurses to increase their knowledge in this area.
Binary Liquid Mixtures Nonanol and Decanol with their Thermodynamic and Transport Behavior: A Review
Authors: Soni Surbhi , Chauhan Gunjan , Pareek Bhawna , Sharma Pankaj , Chopra Rajan
Published: September 2022

The extensive knowledge about structural phenomena of mixtures is of indispensable importance in the development of theories in liquid state. The information about structural and molecular interactions of liquid mixtures is quite vital from both fundamental and engineering point of view and can be utilized for further studies. For a better understanding of the non-ideal behavior of complex systems, fundamental thermodynamic and thermo-physical properties are the varied sources in which information is required. The excess thermodynamic properties are very sensitive to variables such as size, shape, composition, temperature and pressure, therefore an important information about the differences in the intermolecular interactions was obtained using these binary liquid mixtures under a range of physiochemical conditions. By using thermodynamics quantities, we can calculate the deviation of thermodynamics properties from those of an ideal mixture. These properties are necessary for the development of thermodynamic models required in optimized processes of the chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical and other industries. Along with diverse industrial applications, binary liquid mixtures can have hazardous effects such as pollutants causing air, water and soil contamination and some of them may have cancerous features. Their organic compounds and derivatives prepared from them are employed in a range of industrial and consumer applications such as perfumes, cosmetics, paints, varnishes, drugs, fuels, explosives, fats, dyes, waxes, resins, plastics, rubber, detergents, DDT etc. making them commercially important.