bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kekuatan Bukti Elektronik Sebagai Bukti di Pengadilan Menurut Hukum Acara Pidana dan Hukum Islam (Penggunaan Rekaman Gambar closed Circuit Television)
Authors: Harizona Darus
Published: September 2018

Pengunaan Closed Circuit Television demi kepentingan pengamanan bagi sebagian masyarakat sudah semakin sering digunakan. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan beberapa berita di surat kabar contohnya: Pelaku kejahatan pencurian terekam CCTV dimini market pelaku berjumlah dua orang masuk kedalam toko. (Palembang Ekspres. 27 Oktober 2016), meningkatkan pelayanan kepada pengguna jasa KA Kertalaya saat ini, KA tujuan Kertapati-Indralaya telah dilengkapi CCTV. (Harian Sumatera Ekspres. 24 Nopember 2014), bermodalkan hasil rekaman CCTV anggota polisi, menangkap M Herman. Pelaku pencurian motor. (Berita Pagi. 26 Agustus 2016). Melihat fakta-fakta yang ada bahwa CCTV bisa digunakan untuk merekam semua kejadian, hal ini tentu dapat membantu para penyidik untuk menemukan tersangka apabila terjadi tindak pidana yang terekam. Akan tetapi, CCTV bukan lah alat bukti yang sah sebagaiman KUHAP Pasal 184 sebutkan bahwa alat bukti yang sah adalah keterangan saksi, keterangan ahli, surat, pentujuk, keterangan terdakwa. Maka dalam hal ini penulis melakukan penelitian yang berjudul: kedudukan bukti elektronik sebagai bukti di pengadilan menurut Hukum Acara Pidana dan Hukum Islam (penggunaan rekaman gambar Closed Circuit Television). Penulis dalam hal ini, menggunakan metode penelitian yang bersifat yuridis normative yaitu mengacu pada norma hukum serta peraturan perundang-undangan dan putusan pengadilan serta norma-norma yang hidup yang berkembang dalam masyarakat. Penulis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan alat pengumpulan data yaitu menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan sebagai data primer dan sekunder. Serta wawancara langsung terhadap responden yang berkaitan langsung dengan objek penelitian penulis sebagai data penunjang. Penulis dalam menganalisa data menggunakan analisa deskriptif analitis yaitu menentukan isi atau makna aturan hukum yang dijadikan rujukan dalam meyelesaikan permasalahan hukum. Penelitian yang penulis temukan bahwa CCTV adalah alat bukti namun bukanlah alat bukti yang berdiri sendiri tetapi ditentukan sendiri oleh hakim dengan ukuran yuridis, filosofis dan sosiologis. Oleh karena itu, penulis berharap dengan melakukan penelitian ini dapat menambah pengetahuan di bidang ilmu hukum serta penggunaan CCTV tidak lagi menjadi sebuah persoalan hukum dan dapat terus digunakan sebagai alat keamanan di masyarakat.
Nitrogen balance of bullocks fed Cratylia argentea and Brachiaria arrecta Hay
Authors: Valles de la Mora Braulio , Castillo-Gallegos Epigmenio
Published: September 2018

Four experimental diets or treatments formed with incremental proportions of the foliage of tropical shrub legume Cratylia argentea and decremental proportions of Tanner grass (Brachiaria arrecta) hay: T1, 0:100; T2, 15:85; T3, 30:70; and T4, 45:55 were evaluated using four Holstein-Zebu bullocks (214.5 9.3 kg) conned in individual pens, under a balanced 4 x 4 latin square design. The crude protein (CP, %) content of C. argentea was 19.3 ± 6%, and in the grass was 6.2 ± 3%. The intake of DM increased as the C. argentea level in the diet increased. Blood urea-N (BUN) showed a linear increase from T1 to T4, observing its highest concentration at feeding time and six-hours after in T4: 12.00 and 14.75 mg dL-1, respectively. Purine derivatives (uric acid and allantoin) were not affected by treatments (p > 0.05). The increase of the legume in the diet improved the DM intake and digestibility, and led to N-balance from negative in T1 and T2, to positive in T3 and T4. The legume proportion in a basal diet of the grass B. arrecta must be 30% at least.
Corn oil enhances progesterone and estradiol plasma levels in tropical hair sheep
Authors: Meza villalvazo Victor manuel , Rojas Marquez Crystelli Alicia , Sandoval Castro Carlos , Magana Sevilla Hector , Trejo Cordova Alfredo
Published: September 2018

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the inclusion of corn oil in the diet of sheep and its eect on serum levels of progesterone and estradiol, Twenty-one Pelibuey sheeps were divided into three treatments based on the level of oil included in the diet (T0 = 0, T3 = 3 and T6 = 6% respectively, on dry basis). Blood samples were obtained to determine hormones in serum. Cholesterol and progesterone were higher for T3 and T6 treatments (p < 0.05) compared to T0. Insulin was higher (p < 0.05) in the T6 treatment compared to treatments T3 and T0. At the time of ovulation, estradiol concentration was higher (p < 0.05) for treatments T3 and T6 compared to T0. The inclusion of corn oil in the diet increases the levels of cholesterol, progesterone, estradiol and insulin in sheep hair.
Efecto del portainjerto en el índice y densidad estomática de pimiento morrón Capsicum annuum var. annuum
Authors: Camposeco montejo Neymar
Published: September 2018

El objetivo fue determinar el efecto del portainjerto y del injerto en el índice y la densidad estomática del chile pimiento. Los tratamientos fueron, pimiento injertado y sin injertar, con cinco repeticiones. La densidad e índice estomático, largo y ancho de estomas se determinaron con un microscopio Carl Zeeis con cámara integrada y software de medición AxionVisionRel.4.8. Se encontraron diferencias signicativas en densidad e índice estomático adaxial y abaxial, superando el pimiento injertado al sin injertar en 26.20, 21.07 y 8.74%, respectivamente. El pimiento sin injertar superó en 8.51% al injertado en densidad de células epidérmicas abaxiales, mientras que el largo y ancho de estomas del pimiento injertado superó en 8.64 y 11.22% al sin injertar. El portainjerto incrementó el índice y la densidad estomática del haz y del envés, tamaño de estomas y células epidérmicas del envés, modificando el comportamiento fisiológico de la planta.
Análisis comparativo de las aves entre dos zonas boscosas de Pueblo Viejo, Chiapas, México
Authors: De los Santos Vázquez Luis Enrique , Altamirano González-Ortega Marco Antonio
Published: September 2018

La falta de información básica sobre poblaciones de aves, ha limitado realizar propuestas de conservación local. Por lo anterior, el objetivo fue comparar la avifauna de dos localidades, ubicadas entre los municipios de las Las Rosas y Comitán de Domínguez, en Chiapas, México. El registro de individuos se realizó en 80 puntos de conteo, a las especies registradas se les asignó estatus de temporalidad de residencia y riesgo, de sensibilidad a disturbios provocados por actividades humanas y gremio trófico, además se realizaron análisis de abundancia relativa y de números de Hill, para reconocer especies raras. También se estimó la diversidad beta y complementariedad de especies, entre localidades. Se registraron 113 especies, 86 residentes, 22 migratorias invernales, una migratoria de verano y cuatro transitorias. La más alta riqueza y abundancia de especies se registró en Candelaria en la temporada de secas, siendo la mayoría rara. Candelaria tiene 15 especies en riesgo, 55 tienen baja sensibilidad a disturbios, 44 media y dos alta. En Guadalupe Palmira el registro de especies fue menor en todas las categorías. Las especies fueron principalmente insectívoras (56 especies) y omnívoras arbóreas (19 especies), la diversidad beta fue del 39% y la complementariedad del 56%.
Coexistencia y segregación trófica en aves insectívoras de un bosque templado con tres elevaciones
Authors: Ugalde Lezama Saúl
Published: September 2018

Con el objetivo de inferir patrones de coexistencia y segregación trófica para aves de bosque templado en tres elevaciones de la Cuenca de San Bernardino, Estado de México. Se realizó el seguimiento trófico de aves insectívoras de octubre de 2016 a enero de 2017. Se emplearon corte-sacudida de ramas, búsqueda Intensiva, redes de niebla, análisis de excretas e identificación de insectos. Se utilizaron análisis de frecuencia de observación (Fo), regresión de Poisson
Estimación de la evapotranspiración mediante un balance de energía utilizando sensores remotos
Authors: Pascual Ramírez Fermín
Published: September 2018

Determinar la evapotranspiración (ET) es importante en el proceso del uso y manejo del agua. Mapping Evapotranspiration at High Resolution using Internalized Calibration (METRIC) calcula la ET como un residual del balance de energía, por medio de imágenes de satélite. El objetivo fue validar el funcionamiento de METRIC para calcular la ET y estimar la efficiencia del uso del agua en el Distrito de Riego (DR) Rio Yaqui. Se utilizaron ocho imágenes de satélite Landsat (sensores TM y ETM+) y mediciones de flujos turbulentos con torres de covarianza turbulenta (Eddy Covariance - EC) en una parcela con cultivo de Trigo (Triticum aestivum) con extensión en todo el DR. La ET estimada con METRIC y la medida con EC mostraron alto grado de correspondencia, en las ocho imágenes se obtuvo una raíz cuadrada del cuadrado medio del error (RMSE) de 0.76 mm d-1, error medio absoluto (MAE) de 0.65 mm d-1, índice de acuerdo (d) de 0.93 y R2 de 0.83 en las estimaciones diarias. La metodología METRIC es una herramienta viable para estimar la variabilidad espacio-temporal de la ET y la eciencia del uso del agua.
Permeability evolution of pyrolytically-fractured oil shale
under in situ conditions
Authors: Dong Fuke , Feng Zijun , Yang Dong , Zhao Yangsheng , Elsworth Dereck
Published: September 2018

In-situ injection of steam for heating of the subsurface is an efficient method for the recovery of oil and gas from oil shale where permeability typically evolves with temperature. We reported measurements on Jimusar oil shales(Xinjiang, China) at different temperatures to 600℃ and under recreated in situ triaxial stresses to obtain permeability evolution with temperature and stress. Permeability of tight oil shales evolves with temperature to a threshold temperature and peak temperature. The threshold temperature was subjected to triaxial stresses. For Jimusar oil shale, the threshold temperature ranges from 200℃ to 250℃ at ground stress of buried depth of 500m and from 350℃ to 400℃ at buried depth of 1000m. The peak temperature was almost not subjected to triaxial stress and the range is from 450℃ to 500℃ for all Jimusar samples. Pyrolysis plays an important role in permeability evolution and fundamentally changes permeability tendency and magnitude. At high temperature permeability exhibits a little reduction due to stress effect but still remains a high level due to pyrolysis. The above results show that oil shale mass can change from tight porous media into highly permeable media and oil & gas can easily flow through oil shale stratum.
A Novel Geo-Inspired Earthquake Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Mendez Efrain , Ortiz Alexandro , Ponce Pedro , Molina Arturo
Published: September 2018

A novel metaheuristic optimization method is proposed based on an earthquake that is a geology phenomenon. The novel Earthquake Algorithm (EA) proposed, adapts the principle of propagation of geology waves P and S through the earth material composed by random density to ensure the dynamic balance between exploration and exploitation, in order to reach the best solution to optimization complex problems by searching for the optimum into the search space. The performance and validation of the EA are compared against the Bat Algorithm (BA) and the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) by using 10 diverse benchmark functions. In addition, an experimental engineering application is implemented to evaluate the proposed algorithm. Early results show a feasibility of the proposed method with a clearly constancy and stability. It is important highlight the fact that the main purpose of this paper is to present a new line of research, which is opened from the novel EA.
Stress-Induced Evolutionary Innovation: A Mechanism for the Origin of Cell Types
Authors: Wagner Gunter P. , Erkenbrack Eric M. , Love Alan C.
Published: September 2018

Understanding the evolutionary role of environmentally-induced phenotypic variation (i.e., environmental plasticity) is an important issue in developmental evolution. One of the major physiological responses to environmental changes is cellular stress, which is counteracted by a generic stress reaction that detoxifies the cell, refolds proteins, and repairs DNA damage. In this paper, we elaborate on a previous finding suggesting that the cell differentiation cascade of human decidual stromal cells, a cell type critical for embryo implantation and the maintenance of pregnancy, evolved from a cellular stress reaction. We hypothesize that the stress reaction in these cells was elicited ancestrally through the inflammation caused by embryo attachment and invasion. We describe a model, Stress-Induced Evolutionary Innovation (SIEI), whereby ancestral stress reactions and their corresponding pathways can be transformed into novel structural components of body plans, such as new cell types. After reviewing similarities and differences between SIEI and the “plasticity first hypothesis” (PFH) of evolution, we argue that SIEI is a distinct form of plasticity-based evolutionary change because it leads to the origin of novel structures rather than the adaptive transformation of a pre-existing character.
An Evaluation of Information Technology of Gene
Expression Profiles Processing Stability for Different
Levels of Noise Component
Authors: Babichev Sergii
Published: September 2018

The paper presents the results of the research concerning an evaluation of information 1

technology of gene expression profiles processing stability with the use of gene expression profiles 2

with different levels of noise component. The information technology is presented as a structural 3

block-chart, which contains all stages of the studied data processing. The hybrid model of objective 4

clustering based on SOTA algorithm and the technology of gene regulatory networks reconstruction 5

have been studied to evaluate the stability to the level of the noise component. The results of the 6

simulation have shown that the hybrid model of objective clustering has high level of stability 7

to noise component and vice versa, the technology of gene regulatory networks reconstruction is 8

very sensitivity to level of noise component. The obtained results indicate the importance of gene 9

expression profiles preprocessing at early stage of gene regulatory network reconstruction in order to 10

remove background noise and non-informative genes in terms of used criteria
Identificación de los desequilibrios municipales de Honduras a partir de la clasificación y caracterización de unidades territoriales
Authors: Mena Arzú Dania Valentina , Gutiérrez Gallego José Antonio , Jaraíz Cabanillas Francisco Javier , Pérez Pintor José Manuel
Published: September 2018

Partiendo del análisis de una serie de variables demográficas y socioeconómicas se pretende identificar las desigualdades entre los municipios hondureños, permitiendo clasificarlos y agruparlos en función de sus similitudes. Se plantea una propuesta metodológica apoyada en la aplicación de técnicas multivariantes y análisis clúster, utilizando los SIG como una herramienta para el análisis de datos espaciales. Los resultados muestran cuatro agrupaciones de entidades locales con características distintivas.
La difícil convivencia entre paisaje urbano y turismo: clasificación de conflictos y propuestas de regulación a partir del análisis comparativo de normativas locales
Authors: Fernández Tabales Alfonso , Santos Pavón Enrique
Published: September 2018

El artículo aborda la interrelación entre paisaje urbano y actividad turística, dado el acelerado incremento de ésta en los centros históricos españoles. El enfoque adoptado se centra en el tratamiento que se aplica en las normativas locales a los conflictos surgidos de dicha interrelación. Los objetivos principales son: a) identificar los conflictos derivados de la dialéctica entre la actividad turística y el paisaje urbano, y proponer una clasificación de los mismos; y b) revisar las normativas aprobadas al respecto, y a partir de éstas realizar una aproximación a una propuesta de normativa tipo sobre la cuestión. En ambos casos con especial atención a los centros históricos. La metodología seguida es el análisis comparativo de normativas locales aprobadas en ciudades españolas 12 y extranjeras 3 de especial significación por su calidad patrimonial y su nivel de frecuentación turística.
Usefulness of cytological evaluation of milk in diagnosing mastitis in bitches
Authors: VASIU IOSIF , TĂBĂRAN FLAVIU , POP RAUL ALEXANDRU , BRUDAŞCĂ FLORENTIN GHEORGHE , TVARIJONAVICIUTE ASTA , DĄBROWSKI ROMAN
Published: September 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of mastitis in female lactating dogs by interpreting the milk cytology in the diagnostic protocol. Milk samples were manually collected in sterile vials from 89 lactating bitches (i.e., 157 mammary glands) aged between 10 and 168 months. Milk smears were obtained by using the squash and May-Grünwald-Giemsa (MGG) techniques. Acute mastitis episodes were consistent with increased numbers of degenerated neutrophils, erythrocytes, and engulfed bacteria. Eosinophils were present in retention mastitis inflammations. Foamy cells were present in every type of inflammation. Subclinical cases of mastitis were characterized by a reduced number of neutrophils with engulfed bacteria. The period of lactation has a great influence on the type of mastitis encountered. Our results have showed that the lactation period has influence over different types of mammary gland inflammations. In most cases, galactostasis (65%) followed by subclinical mastitis (22%) and acute mastitis (13%) were encountered. Neutrophils and phagocytosis exhibited specificity for acute inflammations, whereas eosinophils and foamy cells were consistent with cases of retention mastitis. The presence of red blood cells in most cases was correlated with acute inflammations. It seems that cytological evaluation of milk could be quite helpful in diagnosing mammary gland inflammations..
Fabrication and Characterization of Electrospun Nanofibers for the Modified Release of the Chronobiotic Hormone Melatonin
Authors: Vlachou Marilena , Kikionis Stefanos , Siamidi Angeliki , Tragou Konstantina , Kapoti Stefania , Ioannou Efstathia , Roussis Vassilios , Tsotinis Andrew
Published: September 2018

Objective:

Aiming at the modified release of melatonin (MLT), electrospun-MLT loaded
nanofibers, filled into hard gelatin and DRcapsTM capsules, were used as formulants.

Methods:

Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910)
were used for the preparation of the fiber matrices through electrospinning. The in vitro modified release
profile of MLT from the fabricated matrices in gastrointestinal-like fluids was studied. At pH 1.2,
the formulations CA1, CA2, PV1, HP1, HP2 and the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 in hard
gelatin capsules exhibited fast MLT release.

Results:

In general, the same trend was observed at pH 6.8, with the exception of CAPV1 and CAPV2.
These two composite formulations delivered 52.08% and 75.25% MLT, respectively at a slower pace (6
h) when encapsulated in DRcapsTM capsules. In all other cases, the release of MLT from DRcapsTM
capsules filled with the MLT-loaded nanofibers reached 100% at 6h.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that the MLT-loaded nanofibrous mats developed in this study
exhibit a promising profile for treating sleep dysfunctions.
Comparing Allergist and Cardiologist Considerations for the Optimal Management of Thienopyridines Hypersensitivity
Authors: Calogiuri Gianfanco , Mandurino-Mirizzi Alessandro , Parlangeli Claudio , Macchia Luigi , Foti Caterina , Savage Michael P.
Published: September 2018

Background and Objective: The thienopyridine family includes ticlopidine, clopidogrel and prasugrel which are antiplatelet drugs largely used, mainly associated to aspirin, for treatment of acute coronary syndromes and after percutaneous coronary interventions, to avoid thrombosis. In some patients, thienpyridines may cause hypersensitivity reactions which jeopardize the optimal therapeutic and preventive approach to vascular diseases. The management of thienopyridine hypersensitivity seems to be best done as an interdisciplinary collaboration between the allergist and cardiologist.

Method:

The present study investigates the management of thienopyridines hypersensitivity on the basis of published case reports and studies, comparing the pro and contro of pharmacological treatments, different desensitization protocols to thienopyridines and substitution of antiplatelet agents eaches others, according to the point of view of cardiologist and allergist. For the cardiologist, the important issues are the necessity of continuing therapy, the desired duration of therapy based on the clinical indication of the individual patient and appropriateness of using one of the alternative P2Y12 inhibitors. For the allergist, the important issues are weighing the risk and benefits of the various therapeutic options: treating “through” desensitization, or switching to an alternative agent.

Results and Conclusion:

All the data seem to suggest that only working together, a cardio-allergy team of specialists may evaluate and offer the best approach to clinical decision-making for the individual patient.
Probiotics: A Promising Tool for Calcium Absorption
Authors: Dubey Mahendrakumar R. , Patel Vipul P.
Published: September 2018

As we know nutrients are necessary for the development and proper functioning of the human organism. Bioavailabilities of nutrients are the major concern rather than the supply of an adequate amount of nutrients in the diet. Many of the researches have been shown that the consumption of probiotics along with dairy foods buffers the acidity of the stomach and increases the bacterial survival rate into the intestine. A dairy product with probiotics also provides many of essential nutrients, including protein and calcium. From all the necessary nutrients the calcium having a major role in the human body including the development of bone and teeth are also regulating enzymes and many more. Calcium is the most essential nutrient, about 99% of calcium found in teeth and bone in the body and only 1% is found in serum. A numbers of researches have shown that adequate amount of calcium intake leads to reduce risk of fracture, Osteoporosis and Hypoglycaemia and diabetes in some population. Many of the researches suggested that the Probiotics having a significant role in improvement of calcium uptake and absorption, hence the present review gives information about the relationship of probiotics and calcium, ensuring higher bioavailability of calcium and promising a better bone health. Here, the review study showed a significant role of probiotics in calcium absorption and thus the bioavailabilities. Moreover, it is focused on glimpse of various studies and in-vitro models associated with the phenomena of calcium absorption and uptake.
Chandipura Viral Encephalitis: A Brief Review
Authors: Sapkal Gajanan N. , Sawant Pradeep M. , Mourya Devendra T.
Published: September 2018

Introduction:

In recent years, the Chandipura virus (CHPV) has emerged as an encephalitic pathogen and found associated with a number of outbreaks in different parts of India. Children under 15 years of age are most susceptible to natural infection. CHPV is emerging as a significant encephalitis, causing virus in the Indian subcontinent. Severe outbreaks caused by the virus have been reported from several parts of India.

Expalanation:

In the recent past, the noticeable association of CHPV with pediatric sporadic encephalitis cases as well as a number of outbreaks in Andhra Pradesh (2004, 2005, 2007 and 2008), Gujarat in (2005, 2009-12) and Vidarbha region of Maharashtra (2007, 2009-12) have been documented. Prevalence and seasonal activity of the virus in these regions are established by NIV through outbreak investigations, sero-survey and diagnosis of the referred clinical specimens. Recently CHPV has been isolated from pools of sand flies collected during outbreak investigations in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra. Since its discovery from India and above-mentioned activity of CHPV, it was suspected to be restricted only to India.

Conclusion:

However, CHPV has also been isolated from human cases during 1971-72 in Nigeria, and hedgehogs (Atelerix spiculus) during entomological surveillance in Senegal, Africa (1990-96) and recently referred samples from Bhutan and Nepal and from wild toque macaques (Macaca sinica) at Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka during 1993 suggest its circulation in many tropical countries. Based on the limited study on vector related report, it appears that sandflies may be the principle vector.
Zoonotic Viral Diseases of Equines and Their Impact on Human and Animal Health
Authors: Kumar Balvinder , Manuja Anju , Gulati BR , Virmani Nitin , Tripathi B.N.
Published: September 2018

Introduction:

Zoonotic diseases are the infectious diseases that can be transmitted to human beings and vice versa from animals either directly or indirectly. These diseases can be caused by a range of organisms including bacteria, parasites, viruses and fungi. Viral diseases are highly infectious and capable of causing pandemics as evidenced by outbreaks of diseases like Ebola, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, West Nile, SARS-Corona, Nipah, Hendra, Avian influenza and Swine influenza.

Expalantion:

Many viruses affecting equines are also important human pathogens. Diseases like Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE), Western equine encephalitis (WEE), and Venezuelan-equine encephalitis (VEE) are highly infectious and can be disseminated as aerosols. A large number of horses and human cases of VEE with fatal encephalitis have continuously occurred in Venezuela and Colombia. Vesicular stomatitis (VS) is prevalent in horses in North America and has zoonotic potential causing encephalitis in children. Hendra virus (HeV) causes respiratory and neurological disease and death in man and horses. Since its first outbreak in 1994, 53 disease incidentshave been reported inAustralia. West Nile fever has spread to many newer territories across continents during recent years.

It has been described in Africa, Europe, South Asia, Oceania and North America. Japanese encephalitis has expanded horizons from Asia to western Pacific region including the eastern Indonesian archipelago, Papua New Guinea and Australia. Rabies is rare in horses but still a public health concern being a fatal disease. Equine influenza is historically not known to affect humans but many scientists have mixed opinions. Equine viral diseases of zoonotic importance and their impact on animal and human health have been elaborated in this article.

Conclusion:

Equine viral diseases though restricted to certain geographical areas have huge impact on equine and human health. Diseases like West Nile fever, Hendra, VS, VEE, EEE, JE, Rabies have the potential for spread and ability to cause disease in human. Equine influenza is historically not known to affect humans but some experimental and observational evidence show that H3N8 influenza virus has infected man. Despite our pursuit of understanding the complexity of the vector-host-pathogen mediating disease transmission, it is not possible to make generalized predictions concerning the degree of impact of disease emergence. A targeted, multidisciplinary effort is required to understand the risk factors for zoonosis and apply the interventions necessary to control it.
Evidence of BVDV in Pigs from North Eastern Part of India- Genetic Profiling and Characterisation
Authors: Chakraborty Amit Kr , Mukherjee Priyanka , Karam Amarjit , Das Samir , Barkalita Luit , Puro Kekungo , Sanjukta Rajkumari , Ghatak Sandeep , Sakuntala Ingudam , Laha Ram Gopal , Borah Prabodh , Ngachan S.V. , Sharma Indu , Sen Arnab
Published: September 2018

Introduction:

The work has been attempted to detect and genetically characterise the nature of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) isolates from the porcine population of the north east.

Methods and Material:

The samples have been collected over a two year period and are from areas where there is a mixed and integrated rearing of livestock in close proximity. The isolates were identified, cloned and sequenced using BVD specific genomic primers for two important domains viz., E-2 and 5’ UTR.

Results:

Porcine BVD Sequences were analysed phylogenetically. Divergence in 3 sequences is noted in the 5’ UTR region that are forming a clear outlier group while E-2 sequences are coming close to BVDV group but forming a separate cluster.
Japanese Encephalitis: A Brief Review on Indian Perspectives
Authors: Kulkarni Reshma , Sapkal Gajanan N. , Kaushal Himanshu , Mourya Devendra T.
Published: September 2018

Introduction:

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is recently declared as a notifiable disease in India due to its expanding geographical distribution. The disease notification facilitates effective implementation of preventive measures and case management.

Expalantion:

JE is a vector-borne disease that can be prevented by vaccine administration. It is caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), belonging to familyFlaviviridae. Amongst the known etiological viral encephalitis agents, it is one of the leading viral agents of acute encephalitis syndrome in many Asian countries where it is identified to cause substantial morbidity and mortality as well as disability. Globally, it is responsible for approximately 68,000 clinical cases every year.

Conclusion:

In the absence of antivirals, patients are given supportive treatment to relieve and stabilize. Amongst available control strategies; vector control is resource intensive while animal and human vaccination are the most effective tool against the disease. This review highlights recent progress focusing challenges with diagnosis and prophylactic interventions.
Teleburn: Designing A Telemedicine Application to Improve Burn Treatment
Authors: Hosseini Farhang , Ayatollahi Haleh , Salehi Seyed Hamid , Jafar Kazemzadeh
Published: September 2018

Background:

Due to the increasing rate of the burn injuries and a limited number of specialized treatment centers, providing medical advice and medical care at the point of need is necessary. The aim of the present study was to design and implement a teleburn system to enhance the quality of care for the burn patients.

Methods:

This study was completed in 2016. In order to design the system, information needs assessment was conducted by using a questionnaire. The participants of this phase were five specialists, five general practitioners, and 12 nurses. The setting of the study was the burn department of a public hospital and a burn center. The prototype of the system was designed based on the findings derived from the first phase, and the usability of the system was evaluated later.

Results:

The teleburn system was a web-based system with different sections for GPs/nurses and specialists. In total, 28 burn consultations were made successfully by using the system. The findings of the usability testing showed that most of the participants evaluated the system at a good level. The mean score for the specialists, general practitioners and nurses was 8.4±0.46, 7.7±0.39, and 7.5±0.51, respectively.

Conclusion:

Although it was the first time in the country that the teleburn system was designed and introduced to the clinicians, they seemed to be satisfied with using the system. This system could help general practitioners and nurses to receive specialist's advice on a timely manner to improve the treatment of the burn patients. However, more research should be conducted to determine the effectiveness of using this technology in the real work environment.
The kinetic competition between transport and oxidation of ferrous ions governs precipitation of corrosion products in carbonated concrete
Authors: Stefanoni Matteo , Zhang Zhidong , Angst Ueli , Elsener Bernhard
Published: September 2018

Corrosion products, originating from steel corrosion and precipitating in the concrete pore system, can lead to concrete cracking and to spalling of the concrete cover. Related premature structural repair causes high costs. Thus, reliable quantitative models are needed, which currently do not exist. Here, we present a new conceptual model to describe the fate of ferrous ions that are released at the steel surface during the corrosion process. The key novelty of our approach can be found in explicitly considering the kinetics of oxidation and transport of Fe2+ in the pore solution. These two processes constantly dilute the Fe2+ concentration and are in competition with the supply of Fe2+ from the anodic iron dissolution reaction. We use a numerical model to elucidate which of the described processes is the fastest. The results find good agreement with experimental data and reveal that under natural corrosion conditions, Fe2+ hardly reach the saturation level, which permits the diffusion of corrosion products up to millimeters away from the steel without necessarily leading to expansive stresses. Under accelerated corrosion conditions, however, precipitation is forced immediately at the steel surface. This fundamentally changes the cracking mechanism and questions the relevance of such tests and related models.
Alliance entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial orientation: the mediating effect of knowledge transfer
Authors: Rezazadeh Arash , Mahjoub Mahsa
Published: September 2018

Today’s rapidly changing business environment has impelled companies to cooperate with their competitors gaining more competitive advantages by achieving win-win situation. Thereby, building alliances as one of the cooperative strategies has been adopted by many enterprises, consequently attracting great attention of numerous scholars. Nevertheless, the alliance literature seems to lack studies in the domain of entrepreneurship. Accordingly, this paper aims to extend entrepreneurship into the field of alliances highlighting two phenomenal concepts: alliance entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial orientation. Hence, the relationship between these two constructs together with the mediating role of knowledge transfer between alliance partners are investigated. We used Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) technique under two sections of measurement model and structural model assessment in order to analyze data. The results gathered from Iran’s automotive industry confirmed the positive significant impact of alliance entrepreneurship on partners’ entrepreneurial orientation and the mediating effect of knowledge transfer
The Role of Relational Reward Benefits for Developing the Non-Financial Value of a Customer to an Organization: Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Kristiani Enny , Sumarwan Ujang , Yuliati Lilik Noor , Saefuddin Asep
Published: September 2018

Research on the customer value to an organization has been widely explored, yet most studies only determined on the financial value based on the customer’s purchasing behavior. The value of customers beyond their purchasing behavior –defined as the relational worth - has not been commonly captured yet. This non-financial value is one of the drivers in retaining customers, hence it becomes a crucial factor in preserving the profitability of the organization. For this reason, this paper aims to examine the customer non-financial valuations of a loyalty reward program. The scope of the study covered a reward program involving consumer exertions in the context of a Frequent Flyer Program (FFP) offered by an airline in Indonesia. The hypotheses are empirically tested with a sample of FFP members conducted through an online survey (n=475). The data were statistically analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) as a first order construct. Results indicate that the perceived social rewards lead to an affective and normative commitment as well as consumers’ satisfaction, while the economic reward did not have an effect on developing affective bonds with members for long-term relationships. The relational benefit offered through the FFP creates affectively and normatively committed members who produce relational behaviors, in terms of WOM, immunity, openness and acquiescence of the members to the airline. Furthermore, the FFP members produced social behaviors toward the airline when they felt satisfied with their relational exchanges.
DOES SIZE MATTER?: Technical Efficiency and Industry Size in Indonesia
Authors: Richard V. Llewelyn Richard V. , Sutrisno Wang
Published: September 2018

The debate over which size industry is best suited for Indonesiacontinues with proponents of both large and small sizes pointing out the benefits of each. However, little empirical analysis has been done regarding economic matters such as technical efficiency. Nonparametric analysis of technical efficiency for three sizes of firms in seven manufacturing sectors is estimated using linear programming techniques. Aggregated input and output data from BPS from 1991 to 1997 are used.Household size firms are found to be most efficient relative to the other sizes for five of the seven sectors analyzed. Large firms are relatively more efficient in ‘Food, Beverage, and Tobacco’ sector. Small companies are relatively less efficient than household firms in all but one case, but relatively more efficient than large firms in five of seven sectors. The results validate and perhaps explain the duel economy in Indonesia with both large and small firms existing in the same industry.When each sector is analyzed for each firm size, the ‘Non-MetallicMineral Products Other Than Petroleum and Coal’ sector is most efficient for all sizes of firms. The least efficient sector is the ‘Chemical and Plastics’ industry.The results suggest that government policy should be focused oncreating a stable environment for business, which promotes growth of efficient businesses, either large or small. Specific policies and intervention for small business development are not necessary, given the relative efficiency of small firms in Indonesia.
SIZE EFFECT AND STOCK BEHAVIOR DURING THE EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION PHASES OF ECONOMIC CYCLE: An Empirical Evidence from Indonesian Stock Market
Authors: Asri Marwan
Published: September 2018

Banz (1981) and Reiganum (1981) claim that, in terms of returncreation, small firms tend to perform better than large firms. They implicitly claim that the phenomena (which is known as size effect) is stable and exists over the period of examination. This study intends to investigate the existence of size effect in Indonesian market and more specifically, to test whether stages of economic cycle (expansion and contraction stages) determine the existence of the effect. The results of the study show that size effect does exist in the market for the whole period of observation (1991-2001). However, when the period is divided into two parts according to the stage of economic cycle, the  statistical analysis results are not supportive to the conclusion about the size effect.
FACTORS AFFECTING EFFECTIVENESS OF CHANGE INITIATIVES: Evidence from Malaysian Firms
Authors: Ismail Mohd Nazzari , Ahmad Shreen
Published: September 2018

This paper investigates various system models and change guidelines that deal with the dynamics of successful change. It seeks to find out whether Malaysian organizations which have achieved successful change outcomes would have also managed the change process in accordance to the general guidelines derived from the literature on  effective management of change. Primary data for this study was obtained by conducting a mailed questionnaire survey among executives and managers of seventeen Malaysian organizations. The main method of analysis is by  looking at the correlation between an organization’s scores on the relevant items in the change process scales and the organization’s perceived effectiveness of change, as measured by the organization’s change effectiveness scores.The general finding confirms and reinforces the literature on effective change management.  It was found that organizations that were perceived by staff to have achieved successful change outcomes, were also perceived to have managed the change processes well in accordance to general principles derived from research on organizational change.
TAX COSTS AND CORPORATION DIVIDEND POLICY: Evidence from the 1986 U.S. Tax Reform Acts
Authors: Utama Siddharta
Published: September 2018

Scholes and Wolfson (1992) predict that following the 1986 TaxReform Act, the tax cost of the corporate form relative to that of the partnership form (the incremental tax cost) increased significantly. This study hypothesizes that since dividends represent a tax disadvantaged form of income relative to capital gains, then in response to an increase in incremental tax costs, corporations would decrease their dividend payout ratios. The response is expected to be stronger for corporations owned byshareholders with long investment horizons because the tax cost saved from decreasing dividend payout ratios is an increasing function of shareholders’ investment horizon. The empirical tests support the hypothesis and show a negative relationship between the change in incremental tax costs and the change in dividend payout ratios for firms with long average investment horizons.
FROM ACTION LEARNING TOTHETEACHING ORGANIZATION: An Experiential Approach
Authors: Pawitra Teddy , Chan K. C.
Published: September 2018

This paper expounds action learning for effective change leadership development using the learning-teaching helix as a paradigm for individual’s introspection. Which consists of five phases—Awareness phase (as certain your strengths and weaknesses). Alignment phase (identify your core competence). Action phase (synthesize your work, business and management skills), Adoption phase (becoming a leader) and Assurance phase (excel as an educator cum coach). In addition, to succeed, the individual has to plan, strategize, prioritize and integrate. As a holistic manager the individual needs to think, feel and do to evolve from continuous action learning to the cycle of teaching for continuous innovation in organizational performance capabilities.
SERVICE QUALITY: Understanding customer Perception and Reaction, and Its Impact on Business
Authors: Ndubisi Nelson Oly
Published: September 2018

This paper is an attempt to explain the process and outcomes of customer services levels and how they shape customer perceptions (of their relationship with services providers) and reactions. As an entirely conceptual work, this paper proposes a model for understanding the pathway and the end of good and bad customer service. Implications of the study on theory and practice are discussed.
WHY MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY PERSISTED TO CLUSTER SPATIALLY IN JAVA?
Authors: Kuncoro Mudrajad
Published: September 2018

This paper attempts to examine which theory is best in explaining the geographic concentration in Java, an island in which most of the Indonesia’s large and medium manufacturing industries have located overwhelmingly. Using the regional specialization index as a measure of geographic concentration of manufacturing industry and pooling data over the period 1991-J996, our econometric analysis integrates the perspectives of industry, region (space), and time. The most striking result is that most of the NCT (Neo-Classical Theory) hypotheses can be rejected. Moreover, most of the findings support the NTT (New Trade Theory) and NEG (New Economic Geography). Our findings suggest that manufacturing firms in Java seek to locate in more populous and densely populated areas to enjoy both localization economies and urbanization economies, as shown by the significance of scale economies and income per capita. The interplay of agglomeration economies is intensified by the imperfect competition of Java's market structure. This paper gives empirical evidence with respect to path dependency hypotheses. This finding supports the NEG's belief that history matters: older firms tend to enhance regional specialization. In addition, the results, as shown by statistical significance of its regional dummy, suggest that most of the specialized industries in Java have better access to infrastructure.
Enhancing Cross-Cultural Training Efficacy on Expatriate Adjustment through Emotional Intelligence and Social Capital
Authors: Susanto Ely , Rostiani Rokhima
Published: September 2018

Cross cultural training is widely believed to make a positive contribution to expatriate adjustment. In practice, however, it is very costly and sometimes ineffective for expatriates. Therefore, there is a growing importance placed on increasing the cost effectiveness or enhancing the efficacy of crosscultural training by functioning individual expatriate’s social capital and emotional intelligence as moderating variables towards expatriate’s adjustment and performance. To do so we blend ideas drawn from social capital theory and emotional intelligence to develop the structure that underlies the logic of this paper. Thus, this paper uses social capital and emotional intelligence theories to enrich extant literature on expatriate adjustment
Exploratory Study on Alignment Between IT and Business Strategies
Authors: Reksoatmodjo Wahyuni , Hartono Jogiyanto , Djunaedi Achmad , Utomo Hargo
Published: September 2018

Interaction and linkages between business and information technology (IT) strategies remain a primary concern among executives. This study aims to gain an in depth understanding of how companies achieve alignment and the policy framework that underlies the efforts, particularly those that are associated with the most dominant factor that contributes to the establishment of strategic alignment, namely IT infrastructure flexibility. For that purpose, the study explored four companies engaged in the field of oil, electricity, and communication by adopting interpretive case study. Data were gathered using triangulation methods via field interviews, artifacts, document analysis, as well as direct observation. The textual data were elaborated by an intentional analysis in order to guide the study in exploring the phenomenon. The study identified elements that reflect IT infrastructure flexibilities namely connectivity, compatibility, modularity, IT staff knowledge and skills, and integration. Those elements cover both technical and behavioral dimensions of a company’s components that need to be included in the consideration during the planning phase
The Perspectives to Understand Social Marketing as an Approach in Influencing Consumer Behavior for Good
Authors: Mayasari Iin
Published: September 2018

This study is a conceptual paper and highlights perspectives to understand social marketing as an approach to bring about voluntary and socially desirable consumer behavior. The perspective is considered as an alternative way to comprehend consumer behavior change for good as a multi-factor driven action. Hence, social marketing is also considered as a discipline that can be analyzed from multiple perspectives including a behavioral change perspective and a relationship perspective. Each perspective is elaborated by doing a review of existing literature and research. This study shows that social marketing is not only the application of marketing programs to shape consumer behavior, but also a process involving individual, society, and government to make a better life of society.