bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Induction of potassium channel regulator KCNE4 in a submandibular lymph node metastasis model
Authors: Mano Ryosuke , Tanaka Tomoko , Hashiguchi Shiho , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Sakata Naoaki , Kondo Seiji , Kodama Shohta
Published: August 2022

Cancer cells often metastasize to the lymph nodes (LNs) before disseminating throughout the body. Clinically, LN metastasis correlates with poor prognosis and influences treatment options. Many studies have shown that cancer cells communicate with immune and stromal cells to prepare a suitable niche for metastasis. In this study, mice were injected with B16–F10 murine melanoma cells to generate a tongue submandibular lymph node (SLN) metastasis model in which genes of interest could be investigated. Microarray analyses were performed on SLNs, identifying 162 upregulated genes, some of which are known metastasis genes. Among these upregulated genes, Kcne4, Slc7a11, Fscn1, and Gadd45b were not associated with metastasis, and increased expression of Kcne4 and Slc7a11 was confirmed by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. The roles of KCNE4 in chemokine production and cell adhesion were examined using primary lymphatic endothelial cells, and demonstrated that Ccl17 and Ccl19, which are involved in melanoma metastasis, were upregulated by KCNE4, as well as Mmp3 matrix metalloproteinase. Expression of KCNE4 was detected in human LNs with metastatic melanoma. In conclusion, we found that LN metastatic melanoma induces KCNE4 expression in the endothelium of LNs.
On non-Kolmogorov turbulence in blood flow and its possible role in mechanobiological stimulation
Authors: Saqr Khalid M. , Zidane Iham F.
Published: August 2022

The study of turbulence in physiologic blood flow is important due to its strong relevance to endothelial mechanobiology and vascular disease. Recently, Saqr et al. (Sci Rep 10, 15,492, 2020) discovered non-Kolmogorov turbulence in physiologic blood flow in vivo, traced its origins to the Navier–Stokes equation and demonstrated some of its properties using chaos and hydrodynamic-stability theories. The present work extends these findings and investigates some inherent characteristics of non-Kolmogorov turbulence in monoharmonic and multiharmonic pulsatile flow under ideal physiologic conditions. The purpose of this work is to propose a conjecture for the origins for picoNewton forces that are known to regulate endothelial cells’ functions. The new conjecture relates these forces to physiologic momentum-viscous interactions in the near-wall region of the flow. Here, we used high-resolution large eddy simulation (HRLES) to study pulsatile incompressible flow in a straight pipe of $$L/D=20$$

L
/
D
=
20

. The simulations presented Newtonian and Carreau–Yasuda fluid flows, at $$R{e}_{m}\approx 250$$

R

e
m

≈
250

, each represented by one, two and three boundary harmonics. Comparison was established based on maintaining constant time-averaged mass flow rate in all simulations. First, we report the effect of primary harmonics on the global power budget using primitive variables in phase space. Second, we describe the non-Kolmogorov turbulence in frequency domain. Third, we investigate the near-wall coherent structures in time and space domains. Finally, we propose a new conjecture for the role of turbulence in endothelial cells’ mechanobiology. The proposed conjecture correlates near-wall turbulence to a force field of picoNewton scale, suggesting possible relevance to endothelial cells mechanobiology.
On the survival of the quantum depletion of a condensate after release from a magnetic trap
Authors: Ross J. A. , Deuar P. , Shin D. K. , Thomas K. F. , Henson B. M. , Hodgman S. S. , Truscott A. G.
Published: August 2022

We present observations of the high momentum tail in expanding Bose–Einstein condensates of metastable Helium atoms released from a harmonic trap. The far-field density profile exhibits features that support identification of the tails of the momentum distribution as originating in the in-situ quantum depletion prior to release. Thus, we corroborate recent observations of slowly-decaying tails in the far-field beyond the thermal component. This observation is in conflict with the hydrodynamic theory, which predicts that the in-situ depletion does not survive when atoms are released from a trap. Indeed, the depleted tails even appear stronger in the far-field than expected before release, and we discuss the challenges of interpreting this in terms of the Tan contact in the trapped gas. In complement to these observations, full quantum simulations of the experiment show that, under the right conditions, the depletion can persist into the far field after expansion. Moreover, the simulations provide mechanisms for survival and for the the large-momentum tails to appear stronger after expansion due to an acceleration of the depleted atoms by the mean-field potential. However, while in qualitative agreement, the final depletion observed in the experiment is much larger than in the simulation.
Efficient tactile encoding of object slippage
Authors: Willemet Laurence , Huloux Nicolas , Wiertlewski Michaël
Published: August 2022

When grasping objects, we rely on our sense of touch to adjust our grip and react against external perturbations. Less than 200 ms after an unexpected event, the sensorimotor system is able to process tactile information to deduce the frictional strength of the contact and to react accordingly. Given that roughly 1,300 afferents innervate the fingertips, it is unclear how the nervous system can process such a large influx of data in a sufficiently short time span. In this study, we measured the deformation of the skin during the initial stages of incipient sliding for a wide range of frictional conditions. We show that the dominant patterns of deformation are sufficient to estimate the distance between the frictional force and the frictional strength of the contact. From these stereotypical patterns, a classifier can predict if an object is about to slide during the initial stages of incipient slip. The prediction is robust to the actual value of the interfacial friction, showing sensory invariance. These results suggest the existence of a possible compact set of bases that we callEigenstrains. These Eigenstrains are a potential mechanism to rapidly decode the margin from full slip from the tactile information contained in the deformation of the skin. Our findings suggest that only 6 of these Eigenstrains are necessary to classify whether the object is firmly stuck to the fingers or is close to slipping away. These findings give clues about the tactile regulation of grasp and the insights are directly applicable to the design of robotic grippers and prosthetics that rapidly react to external perturbations.
Ortholog genes from cactophilic Drosophila provide insight into human adaptation to hallucinogenic cacti
Authors: Padró Julian , De Panis Diego N. , Luisi Pierre , Dopazo Hernan , Szajnman Sergio , Hasson Esteban , Soto Ignacio M.
Published: August 2022

Cultural transformations of lifestyles and dietary practices have been key drivers of human evolution. However, while most of the evidence of genomic adaptations is related to the hunter-gatherer transition to agricultural societies, little is known on the influence of other major cultural manifestations. Shamanism is considered the oldest religion that predominated throughout most of human prehistory and still prevails in many indigenous populations. Several lines of evidence from ethno-archeological studies have demonstrated the continuity and importance of psychoactive plants in South American cultures. However, despite the well-known importance of secondary metabolites in human health, little is known about its role in the evolution of ethnic differences. Herein, we identified candidate genes of adaptation to hallucinogenic cactus in Native Andean populations with a long history of shamanic practices. We used genome-wide expression data from the cactophilic flyDrosophila buzzatiiexposed to a hallucinogenic columnar cactus,also consumed by humans, to identify ortholog genes exhibiting adaptive footprints of alkaloid tolerance. Genomic analyses in human populations revealed a suite of ortholog genes evolving under recent positive selection in indigenous populations of the Central Andes. Our results provide evidence of selection in genetic variants related to alkaloids toxicity, xenobiotic metabolism, and neuronal plasticity in Aymara and Quechua populations, suggesting a possible process of gene-culture coevolution driven by religious practices.
Plasmid-mediated gene transfer of Cas9 induces vector-related but not SpCas9-related immune responses in human retinal pigment epithelial cells
Authors: Pfromm Julia K. , Bonillo Mario , Dauletbekov Daniyar , Bucher Kirsten , Fischer M. Dominik
Published: August 2022

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system represents a powerful gene-editing tool and could enable treatment of blinding diseases of the retina. As a peptide of bacterial origin, we investigated the immunogenic potential of Cas9 in models of retinal immunocompetent cells: human microglia (IMhu) and ARPE-19 cells. Transfection with Streptococcus pyogenes-Cas9 expression plasmids (SpCas9 plasmid) induced Cas9 protein expression in both cell lines. However, only ARPE-19 cells, not IMhu cells, responded with pro-inflammatory immune responses as evidenced by the upregulation of IL-8, IL-6, and the cellular activation markers HLA-ABC and CD54 (ICAM). These pro-inflammatory responses were also induced through transfection with equally sized non-coding control plasmids. Moreover, viability rates of ARPE-19 cells were reduced after transfection with both the SpCas9 plasmids and the control plasmids. Although these results demonstrate cell type-specific responses to the DNA plasmid vector, they show no evidence of an immunogenic effect due to the presence of Cas9 in models of human retinal pigment epithelial and microglia cells. These findings add another layer of confidence in the immunological safety of potential future Cas9-mediated retinal gene therapies.
The spatial profile of skin indentation shapes tactile perception across stimulus frequencies
Authors: Grigorii Roman V. , Colgate J. Edward , Klatzky Roberta
Published: August 2022

Multiple human sensory systems exhibit sensitivity to spatial and temporal variations of physical stimuli. Vision has evolved to offer high spatial acuity with limited temporal sensitivity, while audition has developed complementary characteristics. Neural coding in touch has been believed to transition from a spatial to a temporal domain in relation to surface scale, such that coarse features (e.g., a braille cell or corduroy texture) are coded as spatially distributed signals, while fine textures (e.g., fine-grit sandpaper) are encoded by temporal variation. However, the interplay between the two domains is not well understood. We studied tactile encoding with a custom-designed pin array apparatus capable of deforming the fingerpad at 5 to 80 Hz in each of 14 individual locations spaced 2.5 mm apart. Spatial variation of skin indentation was controlled by moving each of the pins at the same frequency and amplitude, but with phase delays distributed across the array. Results indicate that such stimuli enable rendering of shape features at actuation frequencies up to 20 Hz. Even at frequencies > 20 Hz, however, spatial variation of skin indentation continues to play a vital role. In particular, perceived roughness is affected by spatial variation within the fingerpad even at 80 Hz. We provide evidence that perceived roughness is encoded via a summary measure of skin displacement. Relative displacements in neighboring pins of less than 10 µm generate skin stretch, which regulates the roughness percept.
Multidirectional motion coupling based extreme motion control of distributed drive autonomous vehicle
Authors: Wang Kai , Yang Mingliang , Li Yang , Liu Zibin , Wang Haiying , Ding Weiping
Published: August 2022

To improve the multidirectional motion control accuracy and driving stability of Distributed Drive Autonomous Vehicles (DDAVs) under extreme conditions, the extreme speed estimation method based on dynamic boundary and the multidirectional motion coupling control law design method based on multi degrees of freedom vehicle dynamic model are proposed. The extreme speed estimation method identifies the stable state of DDAVs by the dynamic boundary composed of yaw rate, sideslip angle and roll angle, and then estimates the extreme speed of the vehicle. The design method of multidirectional motion coupling control law adopts eight-degrees-of-freedom (8-DOF) vehicle dynamic model to design path tracking control law, speed tracking control law, yaw stability control law, and active suspension control law at the same time, so as to realize multidirectional motion coupling control. Based on the above method, the Multidirectional Motion Coupling Control System (MMCCS) of DDAVs is designed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by double-line-shifting and serpentine driving simulations under different road adhesion conditions. The superiority of the method is proved by comparing the existing integrated control method.
The interplay between cognition, depression, anxiety, and sleep in primary Sjogren’s syndrome patients
Authors: Goulabchand Radjiv , Castille Elodie , Navucet Sophie , Etchecopar-Etchart Damien , Matos Aurélie , Maria Alexandre , Gutierrez Laure Anne , Le Quellec Alain , de Champfleur Nicolas Menjot , Gabelle Audrey , Guilpain Philippe
Published: August 2022

Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease with frequent neurological involvement. Memory complaints are common, but their precise patterns remain unclear. We wanted to characterize patterns of neurocognitive profiles in pSS patients with cognitive complaints. Only pSS patients with memory complaints were included, prospectively. Cognitive profiles were compiled through a comprehensive cognitive evaluation by neuropsychologists. Evaluations of anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disorders and quality of life were performed for testing their interactions with cognitive profiles. All 32 pSS patients showed at least borderline cognitive impairment, and 17 (53%) exhibited a pathological cognitive profile: a hippocampal profile (37%), a dysexecutive profile (22%), and an instrumental profile (16%) (possible overlap). Regarding the secondary objectives: 37% of patients were depressed, and 48% exhibited a mild-to-severe anxiety trait. Sleep disorders were frequent (excessive daytime sleepiness (55%), high risk for sleep apnea (45%), and insomnia (77%)). Cognitive impairments could not be explained alone by anxiety, depression or sleep disorders. Fatigue level was strongly associated with sleep disorders. Our study highlights that cognitive complaints in pSS patients are supported by measurable cognitive impairments, apart from frequently associated disorders such as depression, anxiety or sleep troubles. Sleep disorders should be screened.
Green and sustainable chitosan–gum Arabic nanocomposites as efficient anticorrosive coatings for mild steel in saline media
Authors: Al Kiey Sherief A. , Hasanin Mohamed S. , Heakal Fakiha El-Taib
Published: August 2022

The application of green and sustainable anticorrosive coatings is becoming of upsurge interest for the protection of metallic materials in aggressive environments. Herein, a stable crystalline chitosan/gum Arabic composite (CGAC) nanopowder was successfully synthesized and characterized by various methods. The CGAC nanopowder with different doses (25, 50, 100, and 200 ppm) was used to coat mild steel samples and examined its anticorrosion ability in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution using gravimetric, electrochemical measurements, and surface characterization techniques. All methods yielded consistent results revealing that nanocomposite coatings can impart good anticorrosive properties to the steel substrate. The obtained protection efficiency was enhanced with increasing CGAC dose in the applied surface layer achieving 96.6% for the 200 ppm-coating. SEM and AFM surface morphologies of uncoated and coated samples after the inundation in the saline solution showed that CGAC coating can block the active corrosive sites on the steel surface, and prevent the aggressive Cl-ions from attacking the metallic substrate. The water droplet contact angle gave further support as it increased from 50.7° for the pristine uncoated surface to 101.2° for the coated one. The current research demonstrates a promising natural and reliable nanocomposite coating for protecting mild steel structures in the marine environment.
On-the-fly investigation of XUV excited large molecular ions using a high harmonic generation light source
Authors: Hervé Marius , Boyer Alexie , Brédy Richard , Allouche Abdul-Rahman , Compagnon Isabelle , Lépine Franck
Published: August 2022

We present experiments where extreme ultraviolet femtosecond light pulses are used to photoexcite large molecular ions at high internal energy. This is done by combining an electrospray ionization source and a mass spectrometer with a pulsed light source based on high harmonic generation. This allows one to study the interaction between high energy photons and mass selected ions in conditions that are accessible on large-scale facilities. We show that even without an ion trapping device, systems as large as a protein can be studied. We observe light induced dissociative ionization and proton migration in model systems such as reserpine, insulin and cytochrome c. These results offer new perspectives to perform time-resolved experiments with ultrashort pulses at the heart of the emerging field of attosecond chemistry.
Mesopic conditions optimise the detection of visual function loss in drivers with simulated media opacity
Authors: Asare Frederick A. , Anderson Roger S. , Mulholland Pádraig J. , Little Julie-Anne
Published: August 2022

Drivers have different visual demands across varying contrast and luminance conditions. However, vision assessments for driving are typically conducted under photopic conditions. This study investigated the sensitivity of photopic and mesopic conditions to detect contrast sensitivity (CS) loss in drivers with simulated media opacities. CS was measured in forty-seven healthy drivers aged 18–50 years (mean ± SD: 25.5 ± 6.5) under photopic and mesopic-adapted luminance levels with the Pelli-Robson chart and the Mesotest II (without glare). Media opacities were simulated using white-opacity containing Lee Fog filters (1–5) and CS measured in a randomised order. A significant (p < 0.001) reduction in photopic CS (logCS) was measured with the Pelli-Robson chart only when media opacity was simulated with Fog filter 5 (1.53 ± 0.15, 2.8 triplets reduction) compared to baseline (1.95 ± 0.03). Mean mesopic CS demonstrated a significant (all p < 0.001) reduction from baseline (1.67 ± 0.14) for Fog filters 3 (1.4 triplets, 1.45 ± 0.16), 4 (2.4 triplets, 1.31 ± 0.14) and 5 (4.3 triplets, 1.02 ± 0.15). For Mesotest II, only Fog filter 5 produced a significant reduction (0.10 ± 0.09; p < 0.001) in mean mesopic CS from baseline (0.30 ± 0.01). Mesopic CS is more vulnerable to different levels of simulated media opacity, hence should be considered clinically when assessing visual function in older drivers at risk of media opacity.
Roll to roll in situ preparation of recyclable, washable, antibacterial Ag loaded nonwoven fabric
Authors: Xu Yanfang , Tian Lulu , Li Junfang , Lv Xiaohui , Li Fei , Sun Li , Niu Liyong , Li Xiaohong , Zhang Zhijun
Published: August 2022

Functional fabrics with antibacterial performance are more welcome nowadays. However, the fabrication of functional fabrics with durable, steady performance via a cost-effective way remains a challenge. Polypropylene (denoted as PP) nonwoven fabric was modified by polyvinyl alcohol (denoted as PVA), followed by the in-situ deposition of silver nanoparticles (denoted as Ag NPs) to afford PVA-modified and Ag NPs-loaded PP (denoted as Ag/PVA/PP) fabric. The encapsulation of PP fiber by PVA coating contributes to greatly enhancing the adhesion of the loaded Ag NPs to the PP fiber, and the Ag/PVA/PP nonwoven fabrics exhibit significantly improved mechanical properties as well as excellent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (coded as E. coli). Typically, the Ag/PVA/PP nonwoven fabric obtained at a silver ammonia concentration of 30 mM has the best mechanical properties and the antibacterial rate reaches 99.99% against E. coli. The fabric retains excellent antibacterial activity even after washing for 40 cycles, showing prospects in reuse. Moreover, the Ag/PVA/PP nonwoven fabric could find promising application in industry, thanks to its desired air-permeability and moisture-permeability. In addition, we developed a roll-to-roll production process and conducted preliminary exploration to verify the feasibility of this method.
Sputnik-V reactogenicity and immunogenicity in the blood and mucosa: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Yegorov Sergey , Kadyrova Irina , Negmetzhanov Baurzhan , Kolesnikova Yevgeniya , Kolesnichenko Svetlana , Korshukov Ilya , Baiken Yeldar , Matkarimov Bakhyt , Miller Matthew S. , Hortelano Gonzalo H. , Babenko Dmitriy
Published: August 2022

Sputnik-V (Gam-COVID-Vac) is a heterologous, recombinant adenoviral (rAdv) vector-based, COVID-19 vaccine now used in > 70 countries. Yet there is a shortage of data on this vaccine's performance in diverse populations. Here, we performed a prospective cohort study to assess the reactogenicity and immunologic outcomes of Sputnik-V vaccination in Kazakhstan. COVID-19-free participants (n = 82 at baseline) were followed at day 21 after Sputnik-V dose 1 (rAd5) and dose 2 (rAd26). Self-reported local and systemic adverse events were captured using questionnaires. Blood and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected to perform SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic and immunologic assays. We observed that most of the reported adverse events were mild-to-moderate injection site or systemic reactions, no severe or potentially life-threatening conditions were reported, and dose 1 appeared to be more reactogenic than dose 2. The seroconversion rate was 97% post-dose 1, remaining the same post-dose 2. The proportion of participants with detectable virus neutralization was 83% post-dose 1, increasing to 98% post-dose 2, with the largest relative increase observed in participants without prior COVID-19 exposure. Dose 1 boosted nasal S-IgG and S-IgA, while the boosting effect of dose 2 on mucosal S-IgG, but not S-IgA, was only observed in subjects without prior COVID-19. Systemically, vaccination reduced serum levels of growth regulated oncogene (GRO), which correlated with an elevation in blood platelet count. Overall, Sputnik-V dose 1 elicited both blood and mucosal SARS-CoV-2 immunity, while the immune boosting effect of dose 2 was minimal. Thus, adjustments to the current vaccine dosing regimen are necessary to optimize immunization efficacy and cost-effectiveness. While Sputnik-V reactogenicity is similar to that of other COVID-19 vaccines, the induced alterations to the GRO/platelet axis warrant investigation of the vaccine’s effects on systemic immunology.
Prediction of phonon-mediated superconductivity in new Ti-based M$$_2$$AX phases
Authors: Karaca E. , Byrne P. J. P. , Hasnip P. J. , Probert M. I. J.
Published: August 2022

A high-throughput computational method is used to predict 39 new superconductors in the Ti-based M$$_2$$

2

AX phases, and the best candidates are then studied in more detail using density functional theory electron–phonon coupling calculations. The detailed calculations agree with the simple predictions, and Ti$$_2$$

2

AlX (X: B, C and N) materials are predicted to have higher values of $$T_c$$

T
c

than any currently known hexagonal M$$_2$$

2

AX phases. The electronic states at the Fermi level are dominated by the Ti 3d states. The choice of X (X: B, C and N) has a significant impact on the electronic density of states but not on the phonon characteristics. The electron–phonon coupling parameter for Ti$$_2$$

2

AlX (X: B, C and N) was determined to be 0.685, 0.743 and 0.775 with a predicted $$T_c$$

T
c

of 7.8 K, 10.8 K and 13.0 K, respectively.
Novel nanosensor of cobalt(II) and copper(II) constructed from graphene quantum dots modified with Eriochrome Black T
Authors: Vahab Leila , Keshipour Sajjad
Published: August 2022

Detection of heavy transition metals is of importance protecting humans and the environment from their toxicity. Amongst them, copper(II) and cobalt(II) need more attention due to their wide applications in industry, in which exposures with excess amounts of them cause heathy concerns. Hence, fast and efficient distinguishing copper(II) and cobalt(II) could be worthy. While electrochemical approaches could determine these cations, expensive instrumentation and time-consuming analysis are significant drawbacks, leading to concentrations on spectroscopic and colorimetric pathways. Herein, graphene quantum dot was modified with Eriochrome Black T (EBT) to generate a novel sensor with the ability of sensing mentioned cations. This new nanocompound demonstrated new optical properties when complexed with cobalt(II) in natural pH, and copper(II) in acidic media. Both cations successfully were detected by the new nanosensor through revealing distinct spectroscopic signals. Moreover, cobalt(II) was distinguished by this sensor colorimetrical, appearing green solution. Linear ranges of cobalt(II) and copper(II) were obtained as 0.02–0.08 M and 0.015–0.2 M, with the limit of detections 0.014 and 0.018 M, respectively.
Weak Hadley cell intensity changes due to compensating effects of tropical and extratropical radiative forcing
Authors: Kim Doyeon , Kim Hanjun , Kang Sarah M. , Stuecker Malte F. , Merlis Timothy M.
Published: August 2022

The Hadley cell response to globally increasing CO2concentrations is spatially complex, with an intensified rising branch and weakened descending branch. To better understand these changes, we examine the sensitivity of the Hadley cell to idealized radiative forcing in different latitude bands. The Hadley cell response is, to first order, governed by the latitudinal structure of the forcing. The strengthening of the upward branch is attributed to tropical forcing, whereas the weakening of the descending branch is attributed to extratropical forcing. These direct radiatively-forced Hadley cell responses are amplified by changes in atmospheric eddy heat transport while being partially offset by changes in gross moist stability and ocean heat uptake. The radiative feedbacks further modulate the Hadley cell response by altering the meridional atmospheric energy gradient. The Hadley cell projections under global warming are thus a result of opposing – and thus compensating – effects from tropical and extratropical radiative forcings.
Structural determination of an antibody that specifically recognizes polyethylene glycol with a terminal methoxy group
Authors: Nguyen Minh-Tram T. , Shih Yu-Chien , Lin Meng-Hsuan , Roffler Steve R. , Hsiao Chiao-Yu , Cheng Tian-Lu , Lin Wen-Wei , Lin En-Chi , Jong Yuh-Jyh , Chang Chin-Yuan , Su Yu-Cheng
Published: August 2022

Covalent attachment of methoxy poly(ethylene) glycol (mPEG) to therapeutic molecules is widely employed to improve their systemic circulation time and therapeutic efficacy. mPEG, however, can induce anti-PEG antibodies that negatively impact drug therapeutic effects. However, the underlying mechanism for specific binding of antibodies to mPEG remains unclear. Here, we determined the first co-crystal structure of the humanized 15-2b anti-mPEG antibody in complex with mPEG, which possesses a deep pocket in the antigen-binding site to accommodate the mPEG polymer. Structural and mutational analyses revealed that mPEG binds to h15-2b via Van der Waals and hydrogen bond interactions, whereas the methoxy group of mPEG is stabilized in a hydrophobic environment between the VH:VL interface. Replacement of the heavy chain hydrophobic V37 residue with a neutral polar serine or threonine residue offers additional hydrogen bond interactions with methoxyl and hydroxyl groups, resulting in cross-reactivity to mPEG and OH-PEG. Our findings provide insights into understanding mPEG-binding specificity and antigenicity of anti-mPEG antibodies.
Classical analog of qubit logic based on a magnon Bose–Einstein condensate
Authors: Mohseni Morteza , Vasyuchka Vitaliy I. , L’vov Victor S. , Serga Alexander A. , Hillebrands Burkard
Published: August 2022

Advances in quantum computing and telecommunications stimulate the search for classical systems allowing partial implementation of a similar functionality under less stringent environmental conditions. Here, we present a classical version of several quantum bit (qubit) functionalities using a two-component magnon Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) formed at opposite wavevectors in a room-temperature yttrium-iron-garnet ferrimagnetic film. Employing micromagnetic numerical simulations, we show the use of wavelength-selective parametric pumping to controllably initialize and manipulate the two-component BEC. Next, by modeling the interaction of this BEC with a pulse- and radio-frequency-driven dynamic magnonic crystal we translate the concept of Rabi-oscillations into the wavevector domain and demonstrate how to manipulate the magnon-BEC system regarding the polar and azimuthal angles in the Bloch sphere representation. We hope that our study provides a significant stimulus on the boundary between qubit functionality and classical systems of interacting BECs, which use a subset of qubit-based algorithms.
Orthogonal antiferromagnetism to canted ferromagnetism in CaCo3Ti4O12 quadruple perovskite driven by underlying kagome lattices
Authors: Amano Patino Midori , Denis Romero Fabio , Koo Hyun-Joo , Avdeev Maxim , Injac Sean D. A. , Goto Masato , Whangbo Myung-Hwan , Shimakawa Yuichi
Published: August 2022

AA′3B4O12 quadruple perovskites, with magnetic A′ and non-magnetic B cations, are characterized by a wide range of complex magnetic structures. These are due to a variety of competing spin-exchange interactions up to the fourth nearest neighbours. Here, we synthesize and characterize the magnetic behaviour of the CaCo3Ti4O12 quadruple perovskite. We find that in the absence of an external magnetic field, the system undergoes antiferromagnetic ordering at 9.3 K. This magnetic structure consists of three interpenetrating mutually orthogonal magnetic sublattices. Under an applied magnetic field, this antiferromagnetic structure evolves into a canted ferromagnetic structure. In explaining these magnetic structures, as well as the seemingly unrelated magnetic structures found in other quadruple perovskites, we suggest a crucial role played by the underlying kagome lattices in these systems. All observed magnetic structures of these materials represent indeed one of the three possible ways to reduce spin frustration in the A′ site kagome layers. More specifically, our survey of the magnetic structures observed for quadruple perovskites AA′3B4O12 reveals the following three ways to reduce spin frustration, namely to make each layer ferromagnetic, to adopt a compromise 120° spin arrangement in each layer, or to have a magnetic structure with a vanishing sum of all second nearest-neighbour spin exchanges.
Biochar nanoparticle-induced plant immunity and its application with the elicitor methoxyindole in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Kong Mengmeng , Liang Jing , White Jason C. , Elmer Wade H. , Wang Yi , Xu Huilian , He Wenxing , Shen Yu , Gao Xuewen
Published: August 2022

The mechanism map of biochar NP-induced plant immunity.
Identification of hepatocellular carcinoma and paracancerous tissue based on the peak area in FTIR microspectroscopy
Authors: Peng Wenyu , Yin Junkai , Ma Jing , Zhou Xiaojie , Chang Chao
Published: August 2022

This study demonstrates that nonlinear SVM model combined with the features of peak area performs well in the identification of HCC foci and paracancerous tissue, and also proves that the performance is better than full spectrum-based feature.
Fusogenic peptide modification to enhance gene delivery by peptide-DNA nano-coassemblies
Authors: Feng Ruilu , Ni Rong , Chau Ying
Published: August 2022

To overcome the endosomal barrier, we attached a fusogenic peptide (L17E) onto peptide self-assembled disks, which mimicked the functional subunits of the virus capsid and improved transfection efficiency.
pH-Sensitive nanocarrier assisted delivery of adenosine to treat osteoporotic bone loss
Authors: Newman Hunter , Hoque Jiaul , Shih Yu-Ru V. , Marushack Gabrielle , Ko Unghyeon , Gonzales Gavin , Varghese Shyni
Published: August 2022

pH-Sensitive nanocarriers deliver adenosine to the bone tissue and mitigate osteoporotic-mediated bone loss through the promotion of osteoblastogenesis and inhibition of osteoclastogenesis.
The human fecal microbiome contributes to the biotransformation of the PFAS surfactant 8:2 monosubstituted polyfluoroalkyl phosphate ester
Authors: Peskett Sierra T. , Rand Amy A.
Published: August 2022

Novel findings onin vitro8:2 monoPAP biotransformation by the human intestinal microbiome and comparisons to liver and intestine.
How the surface chemical properties of nanoceria are related to its enzyme-like, antiviral and degradation activity
Authors: Henych Jiří , Šťastný Martin , Ederer Jakub , Němečková Zuzana , Pogorzelska Aleksandra , Tolasz Jakub , Kormunda Martin , Ryšánek Petr , Bażanów Barbara , Stygar Dominika , Mazanec Karel , Janoš Pavel
Published: August 2022

Phospholipase C and D-like activity and high virucidal properties of nanoceria are described.
Complexation of curcumin with cyclodextrins adjusts its binding to plasma proteins
Authors: Hu Yao , Guo Chaojun , Lin Qianzhu , Hu Jiali , Li Xiaojing , Sang Shangyuan , McClements David Julian , Long Jie , Jin Zhengyu , Wang Jinpeng , Qiu Chao
Published: August 2022

Curcumin shows poor bioaccessibility due to its poor water solubility, which limits its application in aqueous formulations, and the weak binding to plasma proteins, which hinders its transportation to targeted sites through the systemic circulation.
Mononuclear nickel(ii) complexes as electrocatalysts in hydrogen evolution reactions: effects of alkyl side chain lengths
Authors: Barma Arpita , Chakraborty Malay , Bhattacharya Swapan Kumar , Ghosh Pritam , Roy Partha
Published: August 2022

Three mononuclear Schiff-base–Ni(ii) complexes act as electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction using acetic acid and trifluoroacetic acid as the substrates. With the increase in chain length of ligand, efficiency of the catalyst decreases.
Integrating a covalent probe with ubiquicidin fragment enables effective bacterial infection imaging
Authors: Bhatt Mitra Jyotsna , Chatterjee Saurav , Kumar Anuj , Bandyopadhyay Anupam , Mukherjee Archana
Published: August 2022

A covalent probe attached to the UBI antimicrobial peptide enhances membrane binding retention time through iminoboronate formation, thus improving bacterial infection imaging in vivo.
Graphene oxide links alterations of anti-viral signaling pathways with lipid metabolism via suppressing TLR3 in vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Luo Yingmei , Li Juan , Huang Chaobo , Wang Xuefeng , Long Dingxin , Cao Yi
Published: August 2022

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), the main cells constructing blood vessels, are important in the regulation of the pathophysiology of vascular systems; however, relatively few studies have investigated the influence of nanomaterials (NMs) on VSMCs.
Phosphorus-modified two-dimensional graphdiyne (CnH2n−2)/ZnCdS forms S-scheme heterojunctions for photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Liu Yanan , Ma Xiaohua , Jiang Xudong , Jin Zhiliang
Published: August 2022

A new carbon allotrope material—graphdiyne—was modified with phosphorus to construct an S-scheme heterojunction with ZnCdS, the hydrogen evolution efficiency of the final heterojunction structure was significantly improved.
A highly stretchable and ultra-sensitive strain sensing fiber based on a porous core–network sheath configuration for wearable human motion detection
Authors: Liu Jun , Wang Peng , Li Guoxian , Yang Li , Yu Wei , Meng Chuizhou , Guo Shijie
Published: August 2022

A flexible and elastic fiber-shaped strain sensor is made using a wet-spinning and dip-coating approach. It adopts a coaxial configuration of a porous core and a conductive sheath, which can be integrated into gloves for hand gesture recognition.
A conjugated Schiff-base macrocycle weakens the transverse crystal field of air-stable dysprosium single-molecule magnets
Authors: Liu Shuting , Gil Yolimar , Zhao Chen , Wu Jinjiang , Zhu Zhenhua , Li Xiao-Lei , Aravena Daniel , Tang Jinkui
Published: August 2022

The dominance of a self-condensed conjugated macrocycle over a [2 + 2] conventional macrocycle in weakening the transverse crystal field and boosting axiality provides a new route to construct high-performance air-stable lanthanide SMMs.
Electronic effects on the mechanism of the NAD+ coenzyme reduction catalysed by a non-organometallic ruthenium(ii) polypyridyl amine complex in the presence of formate
Authors: Chrzanowska Marta , Katafias Anna , van Eldik Rudi , Conradie Jeanet
Published: August 2022

The graphical abstract represents the overall catalytic cycle in which the non-organometallic Ru(ii) formato complex releases CO2 and transfers hydride to NAD+ to form NADH coenzyme.
A turn-on fluorescent probe with high selectivity for Hg2+ and its applications in living cells
Authors: Li Bin , Tian Fuli , Hua Yupeng
Published: August 2022

A novel colorimetric fluorescent probe with low detection limits has been designed and synthesized, which shows an unique response for Hg2+ in living cells.
Intermolecular hydrogen bonds between catechin and theanine in tea: slow release of the antioxidant capacity by a synergetic effect
Authors: Xia Yirong , Ni Wei , Wang Xintong , Wang Yanyan , Huang Ximing
Published: August 2022

The health benefits of drinking tea stem from it being rich in polyphenols and other physiologically-active substances.
A scalable twin surface dielectric barrier discharge system for pollution remediation at high gas flow rates
Authors: Böddecker Alexander , Bodnar Arisa , Schücke Lars , Giesekus Jonas , Wenselau Katja , Nguyen-Smith Ryan T. , Oppotsch Timothy , Oberste-Beulmann Christian , Muhler Martin , Gibson Andrew R. , Awakowicz Peter
Published: August 2022

Investigation of conversion of volatile organic compounds by a scaled-up surface dielectric barrier discharge reactor designed for industrial applications.
Direct observation of reversible bond homolysis by 2D EXSY NMR
Authors: Takebayashi Satoshi , Fayzullin Robert R. , Bansal Richa
Published: August 2022

We report the first direct observation of reversible bond homolysis using EXSY NMR. This study revealed that electron donating groups weaken the Co–Co bond.
O-GlcNAcylation mapping of single living cells by in situ quantitative SERS imaging
Authors: Yang Yuanjiao , Chen Yunlong , Zhao Shiya , Liu Huipu , Guo Jingxing , Ju Huangxian
Published: August 2022

A quantitative SERS imaging strategy is developed for O-GlcNAcylation mapping of single living cells through a competitive click reaction.
Understanding the stimuli responsive behavior of polyion grafted nanoparticles in the presence of salt and polyelectrolytes
Authors: Pothukuchi Rajesh Pavan , Radhakrishna Mithun
Published: August 2022

Stimuli responsive behavior of polyion grafted nanoparticles in the presence of salt and polyelectrolytes.
Co-prosperity of electrocatalytic activity and stability in high entropy spinel (Cr0.2Mn0.2Fe0.2Ni0.2Zn0.2)3O4 for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Yang Xu , Liping Sun , Qiang Li , Lihua Huo , Hui Zhao
Published: August 2022

The multi-metallic elements doping strategy in high entropy spinel oxides provides a new avenue for the design of highly active and robust electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction.
Water-stable and hydrophobicity tunable organolead halide materials with Pb–N coordination for electrochemical CO2 reduction
Authors: Ju Dianxing , Lin Gang , Zhou Ming , Hua Yutao , Li Xing , Li Huifang , Liu Jian
Published: August 2022

Water-stable and hydrophobicity tunable organolead halide crystalline materials with Pb–N coordination were designed and employed in the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction with high performance in water solution.
Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks with p- and bipolar-type redox-active centers for organic high-performance Li-ion battery cathodes
Authors: Gong Lei , Yang Xiya , Gao Ying , Yang Gengxiang , Yu Zonghua , Fu Xianzhang , Wang Yinhai , Qi Dongdong , Bian Yongzhong , Wang Kang , Jiang Jianzhuang
Published: August 2022

A bipolar-type 2D COF has been fabricated through the condensation of TPPDA and Cu-TFPP. The COF cathode with p- and bipolar-type redox-active centers exhibits good performance for Li-ion batteries.
Facile fabrication of a high performance TiNb2O7 anode for large-scale electrical energy storage
Authors: Cheng Li-Qian , He Yijuan , Chen Kai , Ma Zhenhua , Liu Ruiping , Liu Na , Deng Yichen
Published: August 2022

High performance TiNb2O7 anode materials for large-scale electrical energy storage were fabricated via a facile two-step calcination method, which has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost and environmental benignity.
One-shot transformation of ordinary polyesters into vitrimers: decomposition-triggered cross-linking and assistance of dynamic covalent bonds
Authors: Kimura Takahiro , Hayashi Mikihiro
Published: August 2022

One-shot transformation of ordinary polyesters into vitrimers is demonstrated, based on a novel cross-linking mechanism involving three distinct steps of hydrolysis, epoxy-opening, and trans-esterification reactions.
A nitrogen-doped amorphous/graphitic hybrid carbon material derived from a sustainable resource for low-cost K-ion battery anodes
Authors: Jeong Yeseul , Shin Hyeon-Ji , Oh Gwangeon , Alfaruqi Muhammad Hilmy , Ahmed Mohammad Shamsuddin , Mathew Vinod , Jung Hun-Gi , Kim Jaekook , Hwang Jang-Yeon
Published: August 2022

We developed an N-doped carbon material as a low-cost K-ion battery anode from sustainable coffee grounds via a simple pyrolysis process. Combined with a Prussian blue/graphene composite, the anode demonstrated practical acceptability.
PtNi@ZIF-8 nanocatalyzed high efficiency and complete hydrogen generation from hydrazine borane: origin and mechanistic insight
Authors: Wang Changlong , Liu Xiang , Wu Yufeng , Astruc Didier
Published: August 2022

The rational design of highly efficient PtNi@ZIF-8 nanocatalyst and the understanding of the hydrogen generation process for selective and complete decomposition of hydrazine borane (HB) are disclosed.
Towards understanding the nucleation and growth mechanism of Li dendrites on zinc oxide-coated nickel electrodes
Authors: Mohammadi Abdolkhaled , Hagopian Arthur , Sayegh Syreina , Bechelany Mikhael , Filhol Jean-Sébastien , Younesi Reza , Stievano Lorenzo , Monconduit Laure
Published: August 2022

The combination of experimental and computational methods provides insight into the mechanism of the growth of Li dendrites on ZnO-coated 3D nickel foam.
Modulating electronic structure of triazine-based covalent organic frameworks for photocatalytic organic transformations
Authors: Gu Zhangjie , Wang Jinjian , Shan Zhen , Wu Miaomiao , Liu Tongtong , Song Liang , Wang Guixiang , Ju Xuehai , Su Jian , Zhang Gen
Published: August 2022

By virtue of visible light absorption ability, the energy band structure and electronic affinity of covalent organic frameworks can be easily tuned at the molecular level, making them attractive photocatalysts for metal-free organic transformation.
Reaction mechanism and selectivity regulation of photocatalytic nitrate reduction for wastewater purification: progress and challenges
Authors: Yang Weiping , Wang Jielin , Chen Ruimin , Xiao Lei , Shen Shujie , Li Jieyuan , Dong Fan
Published: August 2022

The excess emission of nitrate into wastewater is inevitable by the abundant use of fertilizers and other chemicals, which poses a huge threat to the environment and human health.
A synergistic anti-corrosion system based on durable superhydrophobic F-SiO2/epoxy coatings and self-powered cathodic protection
Authors: Liu Xiukun , Xu Xu , Zhang Fangjia , Ge Xiangchao , Ji Haifeng , Li Yuqi , Lu Shaorong , Wen Zhen
Published: August 2022

This work demonstrates a cost-effective and large-scale strategy for preparing a superhydrophobic F-SiO2/epoxy resin coating based self-powered synergistic anti-corrosion system for effectively protecting metals from corrosion.
Controllable preparation of bioactive open porous microspheres for tissue engineering
Authors: Lin Anqi , Liu Shengyang , Xiao Lan , Fu Yingying , Liu Changsheng , Li Yulin
Published: August 2022

PLGA open porous microspheres (OPMs) with uniform particle size, controllable pore size, good biocompatibility and high cell loading capacity were successfully prepared using a gas-assisted-emulsion and surface-alkalization-treatment technology.
Oxygen-powered flower-like FeMo6@CeO2 self-cascade nanozymes: a turn-on enhancement fluorescence sensor
Authors: Tong Zhibo , Wang Tong , Cai Yunheng , Sha Jingquan , Peng Tai
Published: August 2022

A novel integrated nanozyme (FeMo6@CeO2) is synthesized. It was found that the effect on the substrate adsorption capacity due to specific surface area was more significant than active site exposure for cascade mimetic enzyme activity.
Large-area SHG-CD probe intrinsic chirality in polycrystalline films
Authors: Ristow Florian , Liang Kevin , Pittrich Johannes , Scheffel Jakob , Fehn Natalie , Kienberger Reinhard , Heiz Ulrich , Kartouzian Aras , Iglev Hristo
Published: August 2022

We used second harmonic generation (SHG) spectroscopy to study the chiroptical properties of R-, S- and racemic (RAC-) 1,1′-bi-2-naphthol (BINOL) films with various thicknesses, incidence angles and degrees of crystallization in the film.
Decisive role of heavy-atom orientation for efficient enhancement of spin–orbit coupling in organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters
Authors: Mońka Michał , Grzywacz Daria , Hoffman Estera , Ievtukhov Vladyslav , Kozakiewicz Karol , Rogowski Radoslaw , Kubicki Aleksander , Liberek Beata , Bojarski Piotr , Serdiuk Illia E.
Published: August 2022

A heavy-atom field effect (HAFE) is discovered in red TADF emitters bearing Br atoms in donor fragment. Depending on the position of heavy atoms, HAFE can either accelerate or inhibit reverse intersystem crossing.
Excellent power generation and enhanced mechanical properties in PPT-structured Pb-free piezoceramics with ZrO2 inclusions
Authors: Xi Kaibiao , Hou Yudong , Yu Xiaole , Zheng Mupeng , Zhu Mankang
Published: August 2022

A novel strategy of combining the PPT structure design with ZrO2-composite toughening has been proposed to build a lead-free KNN-based composite to realize excellent power generation in environment-friendly PEHs with enhanced mechanical properties.
Bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic cells based on D–A type BODIPY small molecules as non-fullerene acceptors
Authors: Wei Ting , Dahiya Hemraj , Liang Xu , Zhu Weihua , Pandey Sarvesh Kumar , Singh Manish Kumar , Xu Haijun , Sharma Ganesh D.
Published: August 2022

The power conversion efficiency of PBDB-T:CF3-BDP-Cz is 13.07%, which is higher than that for PBDB-T:CF3-BDP-TPA, linked to the more appropriate nanoscale phase separation for exciton dissociation and charge transport.
Novel synthesis of ternary nanocomposites with β-SiC fibers, SnO2, and In2O3 for atmospheric gas sensing under high temperature conditions
Authors: Otgonbayar Zambaga , Joo Young Jun , Cho Kwang Youn , Park Sang Yul , Park Kwang Youl , Oh Won-Chun
Published: August 2022

A gas sensing test was performed by using a SCISO nanocomposite under various temperature conditions.
Monitoring of phosphorus discharge in a sewage treatment plant with a phosphate automated analyzer
Authors: Cabo Adrian , Gouveia Susana , Cameselle Claudio , Lee Keun-Heon
Published: August 2022

This study optimized the removal of phosphate in a wastewater treatment plant using a phosphate automated analyzer in the final discharge effluent.