bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regenerative Properties of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin in the Wound Healing
Authors: Toleubayev Medet , Dmitriyeva Mariya , Kozhakhmetov Saken , Igissinov Nurbek , Turebayev Medet , Omarbekov Ardak , Adaibayev Kairat , Shakenov Abylay , Izimbergenov Mirsaid
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Erythropoietin (EPO) is the main stimulator of erythropoiesis, but EPO also has non-hematopoietic effects. The recent data show the positive effects of EPO on tissue regeneration.
AIM: This review aims to know highlights the pathophysiological mechanisms of EPO at different stages of tissue regeneration, and possible clinical applications in wound healing.
METHODS: A review of the literature considering reviews, clinical studies, original papers, and articles from electronic data has been used.
RESULTS: Analysis of animal studies and several clinical trials using EPO in context of wound healing revealed that EPO has a positive effect on all stages of regeneration process and may be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of chronic wounds.
CONCLUSION: An improved understanding of the functions and regulatory mechanisms of EPO in the context of wound healing may lead to new considerations of this growth hormone for its regular clinical application in patients.
Microhardness Assessment of Two Nanohybrid Composite Resins with Two Curing Technologies
Authors: Alagha Ebaa Ibrahim , Alagha Mustafa  Ibrahim
Published: May 2021

AIM:This study evaluated the influence of two light sources on the microhardness of two recent composite resins.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 120 specimens were prepared and divided into two groups according to the composite resin restoration used (Tetric EvoCeram Bulk fill) and (Universal Nanohybrid Mosaic). Each group was subdivided into four subgroups according to the curing sources used with different curing duration’s laser curing system (SIROLaser) for 10, 15, and 20 s and conventional blue light system (LED) for 20 s. A microhardness testing machine was used to assess the microhardness of Tetric EvoCeram Bulk fill and Universal Nanohybrid Mosaic. Two-way ANOVA statistical test was used for comparing resin composite and curing energy effect on different variable studied. One-way ANOVA followed by pair-wise Tukey’s post hoc tests was performed to detect significance between each composite subgroups and t-test for subgroups. P ≤ 0.05 is considered statistically significant in all tests.
RESULTS: LED cured Tetric EvoCeram Bulk fill composite resin recorded higher bottom to top ratio (B/T ratio) than laser cured one and the difference in B/T ratio between both energies was statistically non-significant. LED cured Mosaic composite resin recorded higher B/T ratio than laser cured one . The difference in bottom to top ratio between both curing devices was statistically significant.
CONCLUSION: SIROLaser Blue laser device increases the degree of polymerization and achieves better curing of composite resins than LED.
RECOMMENDATION: Different types of curing systems are present in the dental practice. The use of SIROLaser Blue laser to photopolymerize composite resin will offers proper polymerization properties.
Pathogenic Mechanisms of Acute Obstructive Pyelonephritis
Authors: Sharapatov Yerzhan , Turgunov Yermek , Lavrinenko Alyena
Published: May 2021

Among urological diseases, the most relevant is infection of the urinary tract. Pyelonephritis is on the 5th place in kidney diseases, and obstructive pyelonephritis occurs in 84% of all pyelonephritis. In the world, among the adult population, 100 people per 100,000 of the population suffer from pyelonephritis. In addition, from year to year, there is an increase in purulent forms of acute pyelonephritis by 4–5 times. This pathology is a separated manifestation of such an important urological problem as complicated urinary tract infection, which accounts for 84–86% of all infections. In acute obstructive pyelonephritis, more severe complications such as bacteriotoxic shock and urosepsis may develop. The mortality rate from these dangerous complications reaches 70–90%. In addition, the number of patients with urosepsis and bacteriotoxic shock has increased 4–6 times in recent years. The review presents current literature data on acute obstructive pyelonephritis. The main causes and pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease development are presented.
Psychometric Properties of Iranian Version of Emotional Processing Scale
Authors: Kharamin Shirali , Shokraeezadeh Ali Asghar , Shirazi Yasaman Ghafaryan , Malekzadeh Mohammad
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Emotional processing scale (EPS) is a fundamental test for measurement of the abnormal processing of emotion and psychosomatic disorders in psychotherapy sessions. Despite its importance, EPS has not been yet translated and validated in the Iranian population.
AIM: To fill this gap, this study aims to adapt and examined the psychometric properties of five EPS in the Iranian population. Using cluster sampling, we selected 1283 university students.
METHODS: The structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis used to analyze the assessment of validity.
RESULTS: The result showed the Cronbach’s alpha, split half, and test re-test reliability in acceptable ranges; 0.91, 0.90, and 0.91, respectively, for total scores scale. Root Mean Square Error of Approximation, Standardized Root Mean Square Residual, goodness of fit, and comparative fit index were at an acceptable range, 0.07, 0.05, 0.90, 0.90, 0.89, and 0.85, respectively. The total scores of EPS also showed a positive correlation (0.63, p < 0.001) with GHQ 28.
CONCLUSION: The result suggested that five factors model of EPS which includes: The suppression, sign of unprocessed emotion, unregulated emotion, avoidance, and impoverished emotional experience model fit the data well be most appropriated for Iranian population.
Comparison of Emergency Medical Services Duration amid Routine Service for COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Apiratwarakul Korakot , Suzuki Takaaki , Celebi Ismet , Ienghong Kamonwon , Tangpaisarn Thanat , Tiamkao Somsak , Bhudhisawasdi Vajarabhongsa
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Concerning the COVID-19 outbreak in Thailand, the number of patients has been increasing. Emergency medical services (EMS) operating duration differs from normal services due to equipment preparation, number of personnel, and on-board ambulance procedures. Notably, there have been no studies examining EMS duration regarding COVID-19 patients. AIM: The aim of this study was to compare the EMS time for COVID-19 patients and routine services. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary university hospital in Khon Kaen, Thailand. Information gathering was carried out by employing the Srinagarind Hospital EMS database throughout January 1, 2020, and February 10, 2021. RESULTS: A total of 2420 EMS operations were examined, of which five tested positive for COVID-19 (0.21%). The mean age of the COVID-19 patients was 35.6 ± 7.2 years, with the activation interval for COVID-19 and routine services at 64.20 ± 10.14 and 1.42 ± 0.42 min, respectively (p < 0.001). The on-scene time for COVID-19 and routine services was 3.20 ± 0.44 and 5.20 ± 2.20 min, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: EMS operating time amid the activation interval for COVID-19 patients was significantly longer than in the normal group. However, on-scene time for COVID-19 patients was less time than in normal operations.
Climate change and micro-topography are facilitating the mountain invasion by a non-native perennial plant species
Authors: Larson Christian D. , Pollnac Fredric W. , Schmitz Kaylee , Rew Lisa J.
Published: May 2021

Mountainous areas and their endemic plant diversity are threatened by global climate change and invasive species. Mountain plant invasions have historically been minimal, however, climate change and increased anthropogenic activity (e.g. roads and vehicles) are amplifying invasion pressure. We assessed plant performance (stem density and fruit production) of the invasive non-native forb Linaria dalmatica along three mountain roads, over an eight-year period (2008–2015) in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE), USA. We evaluated how L. dalmatica performed in response to elevation, changed over time, responded to climate and how the climate of our sites has changed, and compared elevation, climate, micro-topography (slope aspect and angle), and fruit production among sites with differing temporal trends. Linaria dalmatica stem density and fruit production increased with elevation and demonstrated two temporal groups, those populations where stem densities shrank and those that remained stable or grew over time. Stem density demonstrated a hump-shaped response to summer mean temperature, while fruit production decreased with summer mean maximum temperature and showed a hump-shaped response to winter precipitation. Analysis of both short and long-term climate data from our sites, demonstrated that summer temperatures have been increasing and winters getting wetter. The shrinking population group had a lower mean elevation, hotter summer temperatures, drier winters, had plots that differed in slope aspect and angle from the stable/growing group, and produced less fruit. Regional climate projections predict that the observed climate trends will continue, which will likely benefit L. dalmatica populations at higher elevations. We conclude that L. dalmatica may persist at lower elevations where it poses little invasive threat, and its invasion into the mountains will continue along roadways, expanding into higher elevations of the GYE.
First fossil record of the mayfly family Vietnamellidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) from Burmese Amber confirms its Oriental origin and gives new insights into its evolution
Authors: Godunko Roman J. , Martynov Alexander V. , Staniczek Arnold H.
Published: May 2021

The small, monophyletic mayfly family Vietnamellidae Allen, 1984 has so far only been known from a few extant species of the genus Vietnamella Tshernova, 1972, which are all distributed in the Oriental Realm (Vietnam, Thailand, China, and India). Herein we report the first fossil record of Vietnamellidae based on a male and female imago from Mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. We establish the new genus Burmellagen. nov. to accommodate these two new Mesozoic specimens. Their attribution to Vietnamellidae is supported by the rounded shape of the hind wings with arched outer margin, the course of thoracic sutures, and characteristics of venation, especially of MP and Cu of the forewings and associated intercalary veins of the cubital field. At the same time, Burmellagen. nov. clearly differs from Vietnamella by a diminished number of longitudinal and cross veins in the hind wings, and by the different shape of male genitalia. This first fossil record of Vietnamellidae supports an age of at least 100 Ma for this taxon.
La longévité comparée des plantes et des animaux selon Aristote
Authors: Falcon Andrea , Alcaine Sofía , Monteils-Laeng Laetitia
Published: May 2021

Notre propos est ici d’examiner dans quelle mesure Aristote atteint son objectif. Pour ce faire, nous nous concentrerons sur l’approche explicative adoptée dans le traité De longitudine et brevitate vitae ( De la longévité et de la vie brève ), où Aristote se propose de rendre compte de la longévité, sans se limiter aux animaux. Nous discuterons des perspectives que peut ouvrir une telle étude commune aux animaux et aux plantes, mais aussi de ses éventuelles limites. Dans quelle mesure Aristote est-il capable de traiter ensemble la question de la longévité des animaux et des plantes ? La réponse à cette question est au cœur de notre article.
Législations et épidémies
Authors: Tabuteau Didier
Published: May 2021

Confrontés aux épidémies, les pouvoirs publics ont, de longue date, adopté des législations d’exception, qui ont progressivement constitué une branche du droit de la santé. Depuis les années 1980, l’émergence de la notion de sécurité sanitaire et la résurgence de risques épidémiques ont conduit à l’élaboration d’un droit de la crise sanitaire. Avec l’épidémie de Covid-19, une législation de l’urgence sanitaire a été élaborée. Elle s’est accompagnée d’un « tsunami » juridique visant à adapter de nombreuses législations aux conséquences de la pandémie.
Le grand chaudron du PLFSS
Authors: Pierru Frédéric
Published: May 2021

Les projets de loi de financements de la Sécurité sociale (PLFSS), très décriés lors de leur naissance dans le sillage du Plan Juppé, se sont progressivement inscrits dans la vie publique française. Ils ont contribué au fil du temps à structurer un débat public quasi permanent sur l’état des finances de la Sécurité sociale. Monopoles d’une communauté de politique publique en période routinière, ils deviennent de plus en plus l’enjeu de débats politiques élargis lors des périodes préélectorales. Les spécialistes sont alors dépossédés au profit des généralistes. Cependant, à la faveur de l’inscription de l’enjeu des dettes souveraines sur l’agenda politique au mitan des années 2000, les acteurs budgétaires n’ont cessé de gagner de l’influence aux dépens des acteurs « sociaux ». La crise des dettes souveraines a donc accéléré, à compter du début des années 2010, le processus d’européanisation des finances sociales. Elle a relancé le débat sur la fusion des PLFSS et des projets de loi de finances (PLF). Si cette fusion est encore repoussée, c’est moins pour des questions techniques que pour des finalités politiques : isoler les comptes de la « Sécu » permet de mener une « pédagogie des réformes » visant à stabiliser la part des dépenses sociales dans la richesse nationale.
Fantasy Sports and eSports
Authors: Baruca Arne , Ulusoy Ebru
Published: May 2021

Fantasy sports and eSports are relatively recent phenomena that are growing in popularity and importance in today's society. Per their nature, they are also tightly connected with sports. In this chapter, the authors present these two phenomena and explain their importance in today's sports industry. Furthermore, the chapter analyzes fantasy sports and eSports consumption patterns and discusses how the COVID-19 pandemic affected them. To conclude, the chapter suggests the possible implications for fantasy sports and eSports in the future.
Sport and COVID-19
Authors: Begović Marko
Published: May 2021

This chapter aims to present the institutional response of two Balkan countries aimed at mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic. The research methodology involves document analysis examining policy documents and legislation. The pandemic crisis is a worldwide reality resulting in implementing various physical distancing and preventive measures. These measures were very strict in the Balkan region, but the enforcement depended largely on political circumstances. The political management of the COVID-19 crisis showed that both countries proceeded with the centralized decision-making approach, including the adoption of specific regulations and support for sport movement. The COVID-19 crisis will continue to disrupt sport on different levels, and strong public support will need to provide sustainability of sport-related activities. The “re-thinking” of sport in its current form is inevitable to create more dynamic and resilient sport structures.
One Step Forward and Two Steps Back?
Authors: O'Shea Michelle , Maxwell Hazel , Duffy Sarah , Peel Nicole
Published: May 2021

Over the last decade, professional sport for women in Australia has experienced significant growth. However, the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic to all facets of life including sport has slowed momentum towards equity, diversity, and inclusion. This chapter considers the complex and contested growth of sport for women in Australia during this period. It starts with Australia and New Zealand's bid win for the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup. Then two Australian women's sport leagues are presented as illustrative case studies: the Australian Rules Football League for Women (AFLW) and the Super Netball League. A study of grassroots women's sports in 2020 highlights the challenges access and engagement can present for women and girls during this period. In summary, an exploration of the response of Australian women's sport to the COVID-19 pandemic provides opportunities for sports organisations to reassess and recalibrate the ways they could benefit both professional and grassroots sport for all.
UDL in Higher Education
Authors: Fovet Frederic
Published: May 2021

This chapter serves as an introduction to the volume. It situates universal design for learning (UDL) historically as a framework and examines how it has come to be explored and embraced by higher education. The chapter first reviews the literature on implementation and use of UDL in post-secondary education, and does so in a way that will avoid all other authors in the volume having to revisit the same basic sources. The second section of the chapter uses the phenomenological data amassed by the author in terms of lived experience as a UDL consultant interacting with various post-secondary institutions—both domestically and internationally—to identify key areas that are likely to become crucial in the coming years. Explicit connections are made to chapters that appear further in the volume and develop some of the themes raised in this introductory chapter. The third and final section of chapter examines the global landscape and discusses differences that may exist in relation to UDL implementation between Global North and Global South.
The Negative Consequences of the Infodemic and Technological Support to Deal With Psychological Issues
Authors: Svitlychna Nataliia , Afanasieva Natalia , Ostopolets Iryna
Published: May 2021

The chapter deals with a theoretical generalization and new approaches of solving the scientific problem, which is manifested in the disclosure of the peculiarities of the experience of the threat of COVID-19 by residents of Ukraine, due to Infodemic. To prevent the negative consequences of Infodemic influence, psychological technology has been developed and tested, which is aimed at the formation/development of adaptive potential of the individual, which determines his ability to overcome difficult situations. The peculiarities of the organization and implementation of work in the training group on overcoming negative feelings and frustration caused by individual perception of personal information about the coronavirus and the spread of COVID-19 in the world are described. It is valuable to present the methods of training and the most effective exercises that were used in active social and psychological training. The results of implementation showed high efficiency and expediency of using this psychological technology in the work of a psychologist.
Pandemic Stress Caused by the Infodemic Among Youngsters and the Elderly Population
Authors: Karamova Natavan
Published: May 2021

The modern world is facing the acute captivity of pandemics. Despite the modern world's technological and scientific development, the fact that the coronavirus has appeared to be stronger, infects people regardless of their social status, place of residence, financial status, origin, intellectual level, and most importantly, age, seems to be unbelievable. However, the situation is much more complicated especially when the number of deaths increases, and it enslaves almost the world's whole population. Causing certain stress, the pandemic has changed the lifestyles, and education and scientific works are not exceptions. All these changes have their consequences and influence, which are presented in the chapter. Moreover, it reflects the results of Infodemia during the pandemic stress and deals with the psychophysiological indicators of students and scientific circles.
Role of Learning Technology Strategies Among People With Disabilities
Authors: Susanto Heru , Hamid Hamizah , Mohiddin Fadzliwati , Setiana Desi
Published: May 2021

Unemployment is the main problem within many countries, and it has been increasing in the past few years especially during pandemic COVID-19, not only concerning for fresh graduates but also for people with disabilities. This study is made to understand the factors leading to job opportunities among people with disabilities, which are education, training, job placement, and internship. The study also aims to find challenges and barriers to job opportunity among people with disabilities. It aims to create awareness regarding people with disabilities to be accepted in the society as differently abled persons with specialties. The study findings shows that there is correlation between education, training, job placement, and internship for both hiring and non-hiring companies. To conclude, research findings show that training and work placement experience are factors of job opportunity for people with disabilities. The main challenges or barriers are communication, attitudes, and perceptions of co-workers towards employees with disabilities.
COVID-19 Infection and Air Pollution Characteristics in USA
Authors: Kaur Sharanpreet , Singh Satwinder
Published: May 2021

Coronavirus is diagnosed as a human-to-human infection at the initial stage by many of the researchers. As coronavirus is primarily targeting the respiratory system of the human body, the study tries to explore the relationship between pollution and increased number of cases in the states of the USA. The objective of the study is to determine whether the air quality index (AQI) of the year 2019 has a concern in the increasing number of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases in USA. This study included data of coronavirus confirmed and death cases from the dates January 22nd 2020 to June 30th 2020 for more than 45 states of the USA. Six AQI defining parameters—CO, NO2, Ozone (O3), PM10, PM2.5, and SO2—are selected for the study. The present study tried to identify whether air pollution is playing a significant role in spreading the coronavirus pandemic or not. Results confirmed that air quality index (AQI) defining parameters are not the sole factor behind the rise in the number of coronavirus cases in the USA.
A Study of Computational Trust Models in Cloud Security
Authors: Thakare Vaishali Ravindra , Singh K John
Published: May 2021

The interest in cloud computing and its techniques are gaining exponentially in IT industries because of its cost-effective architecture and services. However, these flexible services of cloud bring many security and privacy challenges due to loss of control over the data. This paper focuses on an analysis of various computational trust models in cloud security environment. The computational trust models that are used to build secure cloud architectures are not available in a blended fashion to overcome security and privacy challenges. The paper aims to contribute to the literature review to assist researchers who are striving to contribute in this area. The main objective of this review is to identify and analyse the recently published research topics related to trust models and trust mechanisms for cloud with regard to research activity and proposed approaches. The future work is to design a trust mechanism for cloud security models to achieve the higher level of security.
Advance Resource Planning in Hospital Emergency Departments Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Rawat Sandeep Singh , Sultana Rubeena
Published: May 2021

Accidents are likely to happen at workplaces which requires employees to rush to the hospitals for emergency treatment. Due to increase in population, treating various medical cases has led to longer waiting times at emergency treatment units (ETUs). The reasons being the ambulance divergence, less staff, and reduced management. An approach to decrease overcrowding at ETU can be the application of modern techniques. Machine learning (ML) is the one which is used to find patients with high illness, therefore developing models that can avoid jams at ETU. In this paper, a new ML technique, light GBM (LGBM), is implemented to increase the predictions rate based on data gathered from hospitals of Northern Ireland. In addition, the proposed model is compared to other ML models such as decision tree and gradient boosted machines (GBM). Test results indicate that LGBM is more efficient with an accuracy of 86.07%. Also, the time taken to produce future predictions by LGBM was 12 milliseconds, whereas decision tree and GBM took 16 milliseconds and 20 milliseconds, respectively.
Formation of Sustainable Competitiveness of Enterprises on Soils of Different Quality
Authors: Kucher Anatolii , Kucher Lesia , Taratula Ruslana , Dudych Lesia
Published: May 2021

The objective of this paper is to highlight the results of assessing the impact of soil quality on the sustainable competitiveness of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine. The general hypothesis of the research is based on the assumption of available positive relations between soil quality and sustainable competitiveness of enterprises. The average content of humus is taken as an integral index of soil quality. The authors used correlation analysis (for determine the relationship density between content of humus and subindexes of sustainable competitiveness), econometric modeling (for study of the dependence between content of humus and subindexes of sustainable competitiveness), economic-statistical (for evaluation and analysis of the impact of content of humus on the sustainable competitiveness), abstract-and-logical (for theoretical generalization and analysis of the research results), and graphical (for the visual representation of the revealed dependencies). To receive the results, the statistical software package STATISTICA is used. The obtained results prove the hypothesis of a positive relationship between content of humus and sustainable competitiveness only in the area of sufficient moisture. For example, the research reveals a high direct correlation relation (r = 0.735) between the subindexes of competitiveness by the yield of cereals and content of humus in soil in Chernihiv region. For the first time, one- and two-factor linear and quadratic econometric models were developed, which made it possible to carry out quantitative estimation of the impact of content of humus on the formation of sustainable competitiveness.
Role Scripting as a Tool to Foster Transactivity of Asynchronous Student Discussions
Authors: Lazareva Aleksandra
Published: May 2021

Transactivity of student discussions is crucial in computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL). However, CSCL learners often lack well-developed argumentation and negotiation skills, which makes it challenging for them to engage in and maintain a transactive discussion. Collaboration scripts have been implemented in CSCL contexts and have demonstrated positive effects on students' collaboration and argumentation skills. Yet, the degree of transactivity of student interactions is rarely addressed directly in CSCL research. Employing a qualitative content analysis approach, this study seeks to understand how a role script affects the transactivity of students' argumentative knowledge co-construction in the context of a multicultural master's degree CSCL course. The study employs an experimental design. The results demonstrate that students in the scripted condition produced more contributions on higher levels of argumentative knowledge construction than unscripted students. However, tutor involvement may be necessary to ensure proper script appropriation.
The Added Value of 3D Imaging and 3D Printing in Head and Neck Surgeries
Authors: Parioti Evgenia , Pitoglou Stavros , Filntisi Arianna , Anastasiou Athanasios , Petropoulou Ourania , Koutsouris Dimitris Dionisios
Published: May 2021

3D imaging and 3D printing are two methods that have been proven very useful in medicine. The objective of 3D medical imaging is to recreate the static and functional anatomy of the inner body. The development of computational systems for image processing and multidimensional monitoring of medical data is important for diagnosis and treatment planning. The technique of 3D printing has enabled the materialization of anatomical models and surgical splints using medical imaging data. The methods of 3D imaging and 3D printing have been utilized in various medical fields such as neuroimaging, neurosurgery, dentistry, otolaryngology and facial plastic surgery. This review aims to evaluate the use of 3D imaging and 3D printing techniques in head and neck surgery and concludes that these technologies have revolutionized medicine. However, improvements in healthcare systems and further research still have to be made to establish their use in everyday medical practices.
Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm-Based Fuzzy-2DOF-PID Controller for LFC of Interconnected System With Nonlinearities
Authors: Tripathy Debasis , Dev Choudhury Nalin Behari , Sahu Binod Kumar
Published: May 2021

The load frequency control (LFC) is an automation scheme employed for an interconnected power system to overcome the frequency deviation issue because of load variation in the most economical way. This work puts an earliest effort to study the LFC issue of a three-area power systems including nonlinearities using fuzzy-two degree of freedom-PID (F-2DOF-PID) controller optimized with grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA). Initially, GOA optimized PID controllers are considered for a two area non-reheat thermal system including generation rate constraint to validate the superiority over PID controllers tuned with some recently reported optimization techniques, such as hybrid firefly algorithm-pattern search, firefly algorithm, bacteria foraging optimization algorithm, genetic algorithm, and conventional Ziegler Nichols technique. Then the work is reconsidered for the same system to verify the supremacy of F-2DOF-PID controller over other controllers such as fuzzy-PID, two degree of freedom-PID, and PID with GOA framework. Furthermore, the study is extended to a three-area system considering the effect of nonlinearities to verify effectiveness and robustness of proposed controller.
An I4.0 Review on Lean Green and Six Sigma Based on Energy Parameter
Authors: Verma Neha , Sharma Vinay
Published: May 2021

There is a corresponding and complementary relationship among the three manufacturing techniques/processes—lean, green, and six-sigma—in premise of Industry 4.0. The three manufacturing techniques assist the managers for big data analysis of industrial wastes/byproducts and its corresponding influences over industries. The practiced manufacturing techniques are functioning for managing and controlling wastes, operations, and quality of product, respectively. It is perceived that lean especially focus is to recognize the several wastes, produced by miscellaneous organizational practices in premise of Industry 4.0. On the other hand, green assists the managers to map the environmental practices/consequences. The present research focuses attention on ‘greening' through life cycle assessment to fill this gap and to assess the environmental impacts of the generated waste. Nevertheless, lean and green when conjoined become enabling to identify the waste and evaluate environmental impact but both encompass no motive to reduce the enhanced quality of product and reducing micro level wastes. Six-sigma is exhibited as the preeminent methods in order to overcome the determined gaps in present research work.
Correlation of correct needle placement in caudal epidural space and anatomical structures of sacral canal in paediatric patients
Authors: Jain Anuj , Barasker Swapnil K , Jain Suruchi , Waindeskar Vaishali
Published: May 2021

Background and Aims:

Caudal epidural block (CEB) is commonly performed using surface landmark-based technique in the paediatric patients, with a good success rate. Failure to perform CEB is usually attributable to anatomic variations. The aim of this study was to perform measurements of the anatomical landmarks that are generally used to perform CEB and find a relation between these measurements and successful needle placement.

Methods:

This was an observational study that included 114 patients, aged up to 15 years. Ultrasonography (USG) scan of the sacrococcygeal region with measurement of cornu height, skin to cornu distance, inter-cornu distance (ICD), vertical and oblique size of hiatus were done. Needle placement for CEB was done using the usual palpatory hiatal approach. Needle position was checked by using ultrasound. Spearman correlation coefficient and multi-variate logistic regression were used for measuring the correlation and predictors of correct needle placement, respectively.

Results:

Correct placement of needle was found in 84% patients. Statistically significant correlation was found between all the anatomical parameters. Regression analysis revealed that only ICD had a statistically significant contribution (OR1.67, 95% CI 1.024–2.7; P = 0.04) in predicting an incorrect needle placement. If ICD was less than 12.5 mm, it predicted a difficult needle placement; all the children were less than 1.5 years in age; AUC was 77%, P = 0.001, sensitivity 83% and specificity 76.5%.

Conclusion:

ICD can be used as predictor of difficult needle placement for CEB. USG guidance may be of help while performing CEB in children less than 1.5 years.
Validation of CINtec® PLUS Cytology Kit in the Diagnosis of Persistent HPV Infections - Cohort Study in the Portuguese Population
Authors: Abreu Ângela L. , Silva Regina A. , Fernandes Sílvia
Published: May 2021

Context:

The use of the CINtec® PLUS Cytology Kit as a complementary method of diagnosis is intended to contribute to a risk assessment of CIN II+ cervical lesions development, thus avoiding unnecessary colposcopy in negative cases. This method has proved to be effective in the follow-up of cervical lesions, although there is need for consistency in the approach of equivocal or negative cytological results, with persistent positive High-Risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV) test.

Aims:

The present study intends to retrospectively evaluate the capacity of the CINtec® to add information to the clinical practice within the screening and follow-up of cervical lesions. Additionally, this study intends to define criteria for CINtec® referral in order to maximize its utilization in the Portuguese context.

Materials and Methods:

For this purpose, 225 cases with CINtec® PLUS Cytology Kit and histology results were used, and data were analysed and compared according to the cytology and HR-HPV molecular test results.

Results:

The data of this study show that CINtec® PLUS Cytology Kit is a valid test for the diagnosis of persistent HPV lesions (p = 0.0005), with excellent sensitivity and reliable values of specificity. Relevant patient groups to apply the kit are in agreement with the manufacturer recommendations: women with ASC-US/LSIL result and NILM cytology with HPV-positive test, essentially over 30 years old.

Conclusions:

Although clinical data and previous cytological information must help guiding, authors considered that CINtec® is a really valid test for the prognosis of persistent HPV infections in the female population.
Detection of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Foci in South Ethiopia
Authors: Merdekios Behailu , Pareyn Myrthe , Tadesse Dagimawie , Getu Solomon , Admassu Bereket , Girma Nigatu , Leirs Herwig , Van geertruyden Jean-Pierre , van Griensven Johan
Published: May 2021

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a major public health problem in Ethiopia. The disease is endemic in Ochollo, a village in southern Ethiopia, but there are no reports of CL in the wider area, although it is ecologically very similar. We conducted a rapid assessment survey in the South Ethiopian Rift Valley and found 100 parasitologically confirmed CL cases in 38 villages not reported endemic for CL. Approximately half of the cases were children (57%), and most lesions occurred on the face (78%) and were older than 6 months (77%). Only 2% of the people was aware of the mode of transmission, and 9% sought modern treatment at a hospital. These preliminary data indicate that CL is much more widespread than previously reported and that the disease might have a large psychosocial impact. Hence, this study calls for larger surveys across the Ethiopian highlands. Additionally, health education and treatment capacity need to be implemented.
Mortality among Hospitalized Dengue Patients with Comorbidities in Mexico, Brazil, and Colombia
Authors: Macias Alejandro E. , Werneck Guilherme L. , Castro Raúl , Mascareñas Cesar , Coudeville Laurent , Morley David , Recamier Vincent , Guergova-Kuras Mariana , Etcheto Adrien , Puentes-Rosas Esteban , Baurin Nicolas , Toh Myew-Ling
Published: May 2021

Dengue patients with comorbidities may be at higher risk of death. In this cross-sectional study, healthcare databases from Mexico (2008–2014), Brazil (2008–2015), and Colombia (2009–2017) were used to identify hospitalized dengue cases and their comorbidities. Case fatality rates (CFRs), relative risk, and odds ratios (OR) for in-hospital mortality were determined. Overall, 678,836 hospitalized dengue cases were identified: 68,194 from Mexico, 532,821 from Brazil, and 77,821 from Colombia. Of these, 35%, 5%, and 18% were severe dengue, respectively. Severe dengue and age ≥ 46 years were associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality. Comorbidities were identified in 8%, 1%, and 4% of cases in Mexico, Brazil, and Colombia, respectively. Comorbidities increased hospitalized dengue CFRs 3- to 17-fold; CFRs were higher with comorbidities regardless of dengue severity or age. The odds of in-hospital mortality were significantly higher in those with pulmonary disorders (11.6 [95% CI 7.4–18.2], 12.7 [95% CI 9.3–17.5], and 8.0 [95% CI 4.9–13.1] in Mexico, Brazil, and Colombia, respectively), ischemic heart disease (23.0 [95% CI 6.6–79.6], 5.9 [95% CI 1.4–24.6], and 7.0 [95% CI 1.9–25.5]), and renal disease/failure (8.3 [95% CI 4.8–14.2], 8.0 [95% CI 4.5–14.4], and 9.3 [95% CI 3.1–28.0]) across the three countries; the odds of in-hospital mortality from dengue with comorbidities was at least equivalent or higher than severe dengue alone (4.5 [95% CI 3.4–6.1], 9.6 [95% CI 8.6–10.6], and 9.0 [95% CI 6.8–12.0). In conclusion, the risk of death because of dengue increases with comorbidities independently of age and/or disease severity.
Seasonal Influenza Prevention and Control Progress in Latin America and the Caribbean in the Context of the Global Influenza Strategy and the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vicari Andrea S. , Olson Daniel , Vilajeliu Alba , Andrus Jon K. , Ropero Alba Maria , Morens David M. , Santos Ignacio José , Azziz-Baumgartner Eduardo , Berman Stephen
Published: May 2021

Each year in Latin America and the Caribbean, seasonal influenza is associated with an estimated 36,500 respiratory deaths and 400,000 hospitalizations. Since the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic, the Region has made significant advances in the prevention and control of seasonal influenza, including improved surveillance systems, burden estimates, and vaccination of at-risk groups. The Global Influenza Strategy 2019–2030 provides a framework to strengthen these advances. Against the backdrop of this new framework, the University of Colorado convened in October 2020 its Immunization Advisory Group of Experts to review and discuss current surveillance, prevention, and control strategies for seasonal influenza in Latin America and the Caribbean, also in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This review identified five areas for action and made recommendations specific to each area. The Region should continue its efforts to strengthen surveillance and impact evaluations. Existing data on disease burden, seasonality patterns, and vaccination effectiveness should be used to inform decision-making at the country level as well as advocacy efforts for programmatic resources. Regional and country strategic plans should be prepared and include specific targets for 2030. Existing investments in influenza prevention and control, including for immunization programs, should be optimized. Finally, regional partnerships, such as the regional networks for syndromic surveillance and vaccine effectiveness evaluation (SARInet and REVELAC-i), should continue to play a critical role in continuous learning and standardization by sharing experiences and best practices among countries.
Possibilidades e limites do ensino dos esportes a partir da perspectiva Crítico-Superadora
Authors: Ramos Luiz Matheus , Maffei Willer Soares
Published: May 2021

Pesquisa qualitativa caracterizada como estudo de campo, objetivou investigar possibilidades e limitações do processo de ensino do esporte, composto pela formação, elaboração de uma unidade didática e avaliação da prática pedagógica, sistematizado a partir dos fundamentos da perspectiva Crítico-Superadora e do método dialético de ensino. Os dados foram obtidos por meio da transcrição das entrevistas realizadas durante os encontros formativos e avaliação da prática pedagógica. Para organização e inferência dos dados, utilizou-se a técnica da Análise de Conteúdo. A análise das informações possibilitou observar que, as professoras demonstraram capacidade técnica relacionada ao trato do conhecimento e ao processo didático-metodológico para o ensino dos esportes a partir da perspectiva crítica, porém, foram resistentes frente à implementação da propositura Crítico-Superadora. Além disso, ainda que identificassem as influências relacionadas à normalização e organização escolar, não demonstraram resistir às interferências advindas de tais situações. Logo, para que as professoras implementem o ensino dos esportes a partir da perspectiva crítica e confrontem as interferências advindas da normalização e da organização escolar, é necessário que seja garantida formação ampla, continuada e fundamentada pela teoria crítica. Também é necessário valorizar os momentos de reflexão diagnóstica, judicativa e teleológica sobre o contexto educacional em que a prática pedagógica se desenvolve, possibilitando assim, tratar o conhecimento e o processo didático-metodológico para o ensino do esporte de forma que contribua para enfrentar os problemas sócio-político-culturais provenientes da sociedade capitalista.
The Adoption Challenge: An Analysis of Research Methods in JIBS
Authors: Miller Stewart R. , Welch Catherine , Chidlow Agnieszka , Nielsen Bo Bernard , Pegoraro Diletta , Karafyllia Maria
Published: May 2021

This study introduces the concepts of translational distance and complexity distance to explain challenges to adoption of research methods in JIBS. We examine three analytical techniques and data collection approaches: (1) Heckman models, (2) ethnographic studies, and (3) data collection equivalence procedures in survey-based research. We note that progress has been made to reduce translational and complexity distance for analytical techniques. However, concerns remain for data collection equivalence and ethnography as IB scholars are using increasingly advanced analytical techniques on less credible data.
A Pathway to Carbon Neutral Agriculture in Denmark
Authors: Searchinger Timothy , Zionts Jessica , Wirsenius Stefan , Peng Liqing , Beringer Tim , Dumas Patrice
Published: May 2021

Can the world meet growing demand for food while sharply reducing greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture – and without converting more forests into agriculture? In the World Resources Report: Creating a Sustainable Food Future, WRI set forth a challenging, global five-course menu of actions to do so. How should a country adapt this menu to its own agricultural context? A Pathway to Carbon Neutral Agriculture in Denmark answers this question for Denmark, a country whose major agricultural organizations have committed to become carbon neutral by 2050.
RELEVANCE OF THE FASHION INDUSTRY IN THE SPHERE OF TOURISM AND ITS FURTHER DEVELOPMENT IN UZBEKISTAN TO ATTRACT TOURISTS AND DEVELOP NICHE TOURISM IN THE COUNTRY
Authors: Nasrullaeva Shakhrizoda
Published: May 2021

В статье рассматривается сфера модной индустрии как одной из перспектив развития нишевого туризма в Узбекистане. Приведены экономические данные о странах, в которых развита модная индустрия и которые получают доход от проведения недель моды. Даны рекомендации по развитию бизнес-туров в области модной индустрии, популяризации узбекской моды и узбекских брендов одежды для привлечения туристов.
THE ESSENCE OF NICHE TOURISM AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN THE TOURIST POTENTIAL OF COUNTRIES
Authors: Shoximardonova Moxinabonu
Published: May 2021

Целью тезиса является анализ иcследование нишевого туризма, изучая теорию, методологию и разновидность в зарубежных странах. В материале рассматривается популярные направления нишевого туризма, такие как спортивные, гастрономические, сельские, арт туры, шоп туры, фото туры и др. Используя источники по развитию нишевого туризма, автор в своих исследованиях показывает нишевый туризм, как важнейший вид туризма, для развития нынешнего и будущего туристического потенциала Узбекистана.
KARAKTERISTIK PASAR MODAL DAN INSTRUMEN KEUANGAN NON RIBA
Authors: Bachruddin Bachruddin
Published: May 2021

This working paper slated to introduce capital market characteristic terminological conventional view and Islam view. Besides is  sighted too various prevalent financial instrument is commercialized at capital market and another finance market. Its appearance is Islamic stock price index at capital markets as New York (Dow Jones Islamic is Index), at Malaysia (islamic’s Boogy confluence Index), and at Jakarta (Islamic’s Jakarta Index) mark progressively financial institutional amends Islamic. Method that is used is studi empirical ala compare about capital market practice at state already goes forward notably at United States Of America and at state thet follow Islam economic system.

A variety prevalent finance instrument is commercialized at capital market and Iainya’s finance market have gotten sharpness about criterion what is let or is prohibitted terminological islamic law in conection with lap elements and gharar, as issue of essential. But such still require more study because getting medley it financial instrument types thet ditransaksikan.
PENGARUH DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO, RETURN ON ASSETS, PRICE EARNING RATIO DAN ECONOMIC VALUE ADDED TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN SUBSEKTOR PROPERTY DAN REAL ESTATE.
Authors: Widjayanti Julyana , Rinofah Risal , Mujino Mujino
Published: May 2021

This study aims to determinethe effect of Debt to Equity Ratio, Return On Assets, Price Earning Ratio, and Economic Value Added on Stock Returns on Property and Real Estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the 2014-2018 period. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. Samples were obtained from 11 Property and Real Estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2014-2018 period. Based on the results of data analysis shows that Debt to Equity Ratio and Return On Assets have a positive and significant effect on Stock Return, Price Earning Ratio and Economic Value Added have a negative and no significant effect on Stock Return. Together Debt to Equity Ratio, Return On Assets, Price Earning Ratio, and Economic Value Added have a positive and significant effect on Stock Return.