bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Forwarding Cooperation Protocol for Plain and Cluster-based Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Rifa-Pous Helena , Herrera-Joancomarti Jordi
Published: March 2017

In ad hoc networks, due to the lack of a dedicated network infrastructure, members have to collaborate ones with the others to support the basic networking functions that allowthem to communicate. The main challenge of this model iscombating the intrinsic selfish behavior of the participants,which are usually equipped with handheld and mobile devices with limited resources. In this paper, a forwarding protocol is presented that stimulates the cooperation through a mechanism that combines both credit and reputation-based solutions. A micropayment protocol is used to charge and reward the applier and forwarders of a transmission respectively. The credits obtained for collaboration not only are a mean to pay for network services, but are a symbol of the cooperative range of a node. Using this information, the presented model benefits most cooperative nodes with preferential transmission channels and a higher quality of service. The model is suited for plain and cluster-based ad hoc networks.
Performance Evaluation of Parallel Concatenated Chaos Coded Modulations
Authors: Escribano Francisco J.
Published: March 2017

In this article we study the performance of a class of parallel concatenated encoders similar to a turbo trellis coded modulation, but where the constituent encoders are chaos coded modulators. We show that, even when the uniform error property does not hold for the kind of constituent chaos coded modulations employed, it is still possible to draw a reasonable bound for the bit error probability at the error floor region based on the interleaver structure. The simulations validate the bounds and show that the dynamics of the underlying chaotic maps, rather than the quantization level of the constituent encoders, is the most important factor to account for both the bit andframe error rate behavior at the error floor region. We alsoshow that these chaos bases parallel concatenated schemes yield performances comparable to binary turbocodes and are thus of potential interest in communications.
Seroprevalence of heartworm infection, risk factors for seropositivity, and frequency of prescribing heartworm preventives for cats in the United States and Canada
Authors: Levy Julie K. , Burling Amie N. , Crandall Michael M. , Tucker Sylvia J. , Wood Erin G. , Foster Jessie D.
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE To determine the seroprevalence of heartworm infection, risk factors for seropositivity, and frequency of prescribing heartworm preventives for cats.

DESIGN Prospective cross-sectional study.

ANIMALS 34,975 cats from 1,353 veterinary clinics (n = 26,707) and 125 animal shelters (8,268) in the United States and Canada.

PROCEDURES Blood samples were collected from all cats and tested with a point-of-care ELISA for Dirofilaria immitis antigen, FeLV antigen, and FIV antibody. Results were compared among geographic regions and various cat groupings.

RESULTS Seropositivity for heartworm antigen in cats was identified in 35 states but not in Canada; overall seroprevalence in the United States was 0.4%. Seroprevalence of heartworm infection was highest in the southern United States. A 3-fold increase in the proportion of seropositive cats was identified for those with (vs without) outdoor access, and a 2.5-fold increase was identified for cats that were unhealthy (vs healthy) when tested. Seroprevalence was 0.3% in healthy cats, 0.7% in cats with oral disease, 0.9% in cats with abscesses or bite wounds, and 1.0% in cats with respiratory disease. Coinfection with a retrovirus increased the risk of heartworm infection. Heartworm preventives were prescribed for only 12.6% of cats at testing, and prescribing was more common in regions with a higher seroprevalence.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE At an estimated prevalence of 0.4%, hundreds of thousands of cats in the United States are likely infected with heartworms. Given the difficulty in diagnosing infection at all clinically relevant parasite stages and lack of curative treatment options, efforts should be increased to ensure all cats receive heartworm preventives.
The Influence of Teacher’s Competence towards the Motivation of Students in Learning English
Authors: Usman Bustami , Silviyanti Tengku Maya , Marzatillah Marzatillah
Published: March 2017

This study is intended to find out the influence of the teacher’s competence towards the motivation of students in learning English. A questionnaire was given to 24 students at a sports school in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The five (5) closed and open questions were adapted from Zhao (2012). The results from this study show that the competences of the teacher including cognitive, affective, and psychomotor competence (Syah, 2013) enhance the motivation of students to learn English. The teacher’s personality also has a strong influence on the students’ perceptions of their teacher. The teacher’s cognitive abilities which include the teacher’s competence at teaching English motivate the students to like English as a subject. Next, the teacher’s affection for the students also influences the students’ motivations who do not only like the subject but to like the teacher. Lastly, the teacher’s way of presenting lessons (psychomotor) affect the motivation of the students to learn English. Thus, it can be concluded that the teacher, as one of the external factors, should be able to maximize his/her competence in teaching to motivate the students more when learning English.
Wellens’ Syndrome, a case report of an electrocardiographic warning sign
Authors: Sedhai Yub Raj , Pawar Aditya Singh , Bhattacharya Priyanka T. , Basnyat Soney
Published: March 2017

Introduction Wellens’ syndrome is described as a characteristic biphasic or symmetrical electrocardiographic T-wave inversions in precordial leads seen in a subset of patients with unstable angina. It is associated with critical stenosis of left anterior descending coronary artery. These patients have a high likelihood of progressing to acute myocardial infarction within a few days to weeks of onset of symptoms, thus it warrants an early invasive approach.Case Presentation: We present a 33-year-old otherwise healthy Indo-Jamaican male who presented with chest pain and characteristic electrocardiographic changes. Wellens’ syndrome was recognized. Emergent coronary angiography revealed 99% stenosis of proximal left anterior descending coronary artery. It was treated with a drug eluting stent.Conclusion: Electrocardiographic changes in Wellens’ syndrome are subtle and characteristically appear during chest pain free interval. It can be easily overlooked as non-specific ST, T wave change. Clinicians should be well aware of this subtle yet alarming electrocardiographic sign. This case report underlines the importance of recognizing the ominous electrocardiographic sign and its association with critical stenosis of the left anterior descending coronary artery.Journal of Advances in Internal Medicine 2016;05(01):19-23
Bacteriological profile and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in central venous catheter tip culture
Authors: Sapkota J , Mishra B , Jha B , Sharma M
Published: March 2017

Background: Bacterial colonization of central venous catheter (CVC) carries risk of developing catheter-related blood stream infections (CRBSI). The purpose of this study is to find out the frequency of colonization of CVC by different bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern.Materials and Methods: A total of 53 CVC tip were received in one-year duration for culture and antibiotic sensitivity pattern. The isolated organisms were identified by standard microbiological procedure and subjected to antimicrobial sensitivity.Results: out of 53 CVC tip sent for culture and sensitivity, 21 (39.6%) showed significant growth. Out of 21 culture positive 52.3% were gram negative bacilli, 33.3% were gram positive cocci, 4.8% were Candida spp. Acenitobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus were frequent pathogens isolated. Gram negative bacteria were less sensitive to antibiotics whereas gram positive bacteria were sensitive to Vancomycin.Conclusion: Though various organisms were isolated as colonizer of CVC, Acenitobacter baumannii is the most common colonizer. Antibiotic resistance has already emerged and represents a major problem.
Orbital lymphoma in an elderly patient
Authors: Ghartimagar D , Ghosh A , Shrestha MK , Karki S , Shrestha S , Thapa S , Talwar OP
Published: March 2017

Lymphomas of the orbit and orbital adnexae are rare tumors, comprising only 1% of all non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Lymphomas are the most common primary orbital tumor in adults of age 60 years and older. Here we present a case of 49 year male with left upper lid swelling since 1 year who was diagnosed histopathologically as non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of orbital region.
Design and Implementation of a Shape Shifting Rolling–Crawling–Wall-Climbing Robot
Authors: Yanagida Takeru , Elara Mohan Rajesh , Pathmakumar Thejus , Elangovan Karthikeyan , Iwase Masami
Published: March 2017

Designing an urban reconnaissance robot is highly challenging work given the nature of the terrain in which these robots are required to operate. In this work, we attempt to extend the locomotion capabilities of these robots beyond what is currently feasible. The design and unique features of our bio-inspired reconfigurable robot, called Scorpio, with rolling, crawling, and wall-climbing locomotion abilities are presented in this paper. The design of the Scorpio platform is inspired by Cebrennus rechenbergi, a rare spider species that has rolling, crawling and wall-climbing locomotion attributes. This work also presents the kinematic and dynamic model of Scorpio. The mechanical design and system architecture are introduced in detail, followed by a detailed description on the locomotion modes. The conducted experiments validated the proposed approach and the ability of the Scorpio platform to synthesise crawling, rolling and wall-climbing behaviours. Future work is envisioned for using these robots as active, unattended, mobile ground sensors in urban reconnaissance missions. The accompanying video demonstrates the shape shifting locomotion capabilities of the Scorpio robot.
Experimental Investigation of a Base Isolation System Incorporating MR Dampers with the High-Order Single Step Control Algorithm
Authors: Fu Weiqing , Zhang Chunwei , Sun Li , Askari Mohsen , Samali Bijan , Chung Kwok , Sharafi Pezhman
Published: March 2017

The conventional isolation structure with rubber bearings exhibits large deformation characteristics when subjected to infrequent earthquakes, which may lead to failure of the isolation layer. Although passive dampers can be used to reduce the layer displacement, the layer deformation and superstructure acceleration responses will increase in cases of fortification earthquakes or frequently occurring earthquakes. In addition to secondary damages and loss of life, such excessive displacement results in damages to the facilities in the structure. In order to overcome these shortcomings, this paper presents a structural vibration control system where the base isolation system is composed of rubber bearings with magnetorheological (MR) damper and are regulated using the innovative control strategy. The high-order single-step algorithm with continuity and switch control strategies are applied to the control system. Shaking table test results under various earthquake conditions indicate that the proposed isolation method, compared with passive isolation technique, can effectively suppress earthquake responses for acceleration of superstructure and deformation within the isolation layer. As a result, this structural control method exhibits excellent performance, such as fast computation, generic real-time control, acceleration reduction and high seismic energy dissipation etc. The relative merits of the continuity and switch control strategies are also compared and discussed.
Dicyclopentadiene Hydroformylation to Value-Added Fine Chemicals over Magnetically Separable Fe3O4-Supported Co-Rh Bimetallic Catalysts: Effects of Cobalt Loading
Authors: Ma Yubo , Fu Jie , Gao Zhixian , Zhang Libo , Li Chengyang , Wang Tianfu
Published: March 2017

Six Co-Rh/Fe3O4 catalysts with different cobalt loadings were prepared by the co-precipitation of RhCl3, Co(NO3)2, and Fe(NO3)3 using Na2CO3 as the precipitant. These catalysts were tested for dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) hydroformylation to monoformyltricyclodecenes (MFTD) and diformyltricyclodecanes (DFTD). The results showed that the MFTD formation rate increased with increasing cobalt loading, whereas the DFTD formation rate initially increased and then decreased when the cobalt loading was greater than twice that of Rh. The DFTD selectivity was only 21.3% when monometallic Rh/Fe3O4 was used as the catalyst. In contrast, the selectivity was 90.6% at a similar DCPD conversion when the bimetallic 4Co-2Rh/Fe3O4 catalyst was employed. These catalysts were characterized by temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses (TG-DTA). The results obtained by these complimentary characterization techniques indicated that adding cobalt to the Rh/Fe3O4 catalyst enhanced the Rh reducibility and dispersion; the Rh reducibility was easily altered, and increasing the cobalt loading improved the Rh dispersion. It was concluded that the enhanced catalytic performance with increasing cobalt loading might be due to the formation of a more reactive Rh species with a different Rh–phosphine interaction strength on the catalyst surface.
Ice Microstructure and Fabric of Guliya Ice Cap in Tibetan Plateau, and Comparisons with Vostok3G-1, EPICA DML, and North GRIP
Authors: Li Yuan , Kipfstuhl Sepp , Huang Maohuan
Published: March 2017

This work is the first in the general natural ice literature to compare microstructures and fabrics of continent-type mountain ice in mid-low latitudes with polar ice in order to find out how they evolved based on similar fabric patterns of their vertically girdles. Microstructures and fabrics along the Guliya ice core on the Tibetan Plateau, China, were measured at a depth interval of approximately 10 m. The grain sizes increase unevenly with depth. The fabric patterns vary from the isotropic fabric, to broad single maximum, to vertical girdle, to single-maximum, and finally to multiple-maximum fabric. The grain growth rate of the Guliya core is faster than that of the Vostok3G-1, the EPICA DML, and the North GRIP. The vertical girdle fabric of the Guliya core forms at a high temperature and low strain rate. The strong single maximum fabric of the Guliya core appears in the mid-low part of the core with vertical uniaxial compression or simple shear. The thermal kinemics caused by the temperature can play a vital role in different stress cases to cast the similar or same fabric patterns. Normal grain growth, polygonization/rotation recrystallization, and migration recrystallization play roles different importance at different depths.
Atomic Layer Growth of InSe and Sb2Se3 Layered Semiconductors and Their Heterostructure
Authors: Browning Robert , Kuperman Neal , Moon Bill , Solanki Raj
Published: March 2017

Metal chalcogenides based on the C–M–M–C (C = chalcogen, M = metal) structure possess several attractive properties that can be utilized in both electrical and optical devices. We have shown that specular, large area films of γ-InSe and Sb2Se3 can be grown via atomic layer deposition (ALD) at relatively low temperatures. Optical (absorption, Raman), crystalline (X-ray diffraction), and composition (XPS) properties of these films have been measured and compared to those reported for exfoliated films and have been found to be similar. Heterostructures composed of a layer of γ-InSe (intrinsically n-type) followed by a layer of Sb2Se3 (intrinsically p-type) that display diode characteristics were also grown.
Writing Language: Composition, the Academy, and Work
Authors: Horner Bruce
Published: March 2017

This paper argues that while college composition courses are commonly charged with remediating students by providing them with the literacy skills they lack, they may instead be redefined as providing the occasion for rewriting language and knowledge. By bringing to the fore the dependence of language and knowledge on the labor of writing, a pedagogy of recursion, mediation, and translation of knowledge through writing and revision counters neoliberalism’s commodification of knowledge and language, and offers an alternative justification for continuing education as the occasion for students to remediate language and knowledge through writing.
Integrating Geospatial Techniques for Urban Land Use Classification in the Developing Sub-Saharan African City of Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Simwanda Matamyo , Murayama Yuji
Published: March 2017

For most sub-Saharan African (SSA) cities, in order to control the historically unplanned urban growth and stimulate sustainable future urban development, there is a need for accurate identification of the past and present urban land use (ULU). However, studies addressing ULU classification in SSA cities are lacking. In this study, we developed an integrated approach of remote sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) techniques to classify ULU in the developing SSA city of Lusaka. First, we defined six ULU classes (i.e., unplanned high density residential; unplanned low density residential; planned medium-high density residential; planned low density residential; commercial and industrial; public institutions and service areas). ULU parcels, created using road networks as homogenous units separating ULU classes, were used to classify ULU. We utilised the combined detail of cadastral and land use data plus high-resolution Google Earth imagery to infer ULU and classify the parcels. For residential ULU, we also created density thresholds for accurate separation of the classes. We then used the classified ULU parcels for post-classification sorting of built-up pixels extracted from three Landsat TM/ETM+ imageries (1990, 2000, and 2010) into respective ULU classes. Three ULU maps were produced with overall accuracy values of 84.09% to 85.86%. The maps provide information that is relevant to urban planners and policy makers for sustainable future urban planning of Lusaka City. The study also provides an insight for ULU classification in SSA cities with complex urban landscapes similar to Lusaka.
A Dynamic Indoor Field Model for Emergency Evacuation Simulation
Authors: Xiong Qing , Zhu Qing , Du Zhiqiang , Zhu Xinyan , Zhang Yeting , Niu Lei , Li Yun , Zhou Yan
Published: March 2017

Indoor emergency response plays a critically important role in disaster management for cities, which must consider the evacuation of people in a dynamic indoor environment. The spatial model is the foundation for the specific analysis of indoor emergency responses, such as evacuations. The current spatial model for evacuation has three primary pitfalls: (1) it primarily focuses on static spatial information, such as rooms, doors, and windows, and lacks dynamic information, such as events and sensors; (2) it mainly focuses on the horizontal space and the static scene and lacks a multi-story component that considers the different properties of stairs compared to planar areas; and (3) it places emphasis on the indoor navigation calculation with a 2D/3D network, which lacks individual properties that can support more complicated analysis, such as congestion and stagnation. In this paper, we propose a dynamic indoor field model with three typical characteristics. (1) It includes not only static information but also dynamic information, such as outdoor and indoor building geometry, sensors, fire spread, and personnel behavior. (2) It supports multi-story buildings from the macro level (building level and floor level) to the micro level (room level and individual level) based on horizontal and vertical indoor space. (3) It supports spatial calculations based on a three-dimensional space grid and can analyze potential congestion and stagnation during evacuation. We design a corresponding evacuation method that supports individual evacuation route finding and evacuation assessment. We perform a series of analyses of the applicability of the proposed model and the efficiency of the designed evacuation method based on multi-story evacuation studies. The simulation includes a total evacuation population exceeding 7000 individuals, and the analysis suggests that the new model and algorithm are effective in planning indoor emergency routes that avoid potential congestion or stagnation.
The Changing Landscape of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the Adult with Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Van Dissel Alexandra , Mulder Barbara , Bouma Berto
Published: March 2017

Pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD) is a common type of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and a frequent complication of congenital heart disease (CHD). PAH-CHD represents a heterogeneous patient population and it is important to distinguish between the underlying cardiac defects considering the prognostic and therapeutic implications. Improved interventional techniques have enabled repair or palliation of most cardiac defects, though a substantial number of patients remain at high risk for PAH after closure. Traditionally, the treatment and management of PAH-CHD patients has been limited to palliative and supportive care, and based on expert opinion rather than clinical trials. Recently, however, the availability of advanced PAH-specific treatment has opened up a new field for the clinical management of this condition. Nevertheless, there is limited evidence on the optimal therapeutic approach for PAH-CHD. Herein, we discuss the current and novel therapeutic options for PAH-CHD as well as highlight several challenges in the clinical management at present.
Rheological Characterization of Powder Mixture Including a Space Holder and Its Application to Metal Injection Molding
Authors: Park Sang , Kim Dongyeong , Lin Dongguo , Park Seong , Ahn Seokyoung
Published: March 2017

Metal injection molding (MIM) with the space holder technique is becoming one of the important fabrication methods for a net-shape production of micro-sized, porous, complex-shaped metal parts. For a successful injection molding step, rheological behavior of MIM feedstock is essential, which includes peculiar characteristics, such as a wall slip phenomenon. SUS 316L stainless steel powder, binder systems (paraffin wax, polypropylene, polyethylene, stearic acid) and three different sizes of spherically-shaped polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as a space-holder were used for this study. The porosity was controlled by varying the volume fraction of the space holder and a total of six different feedstocks were prepared. Rheological characteristics of the feedstock was investigated, especially on viscosities, including wall slip quantification by using a capillary rheometer. By thermogravimetric analysis, the debinding process for completely removing the space holder was proposed. Finally, the shrinkage and porosity of the tensile specimen produced through the sintering process were analyzed and the ultimate tensile strength was obtained.
The Role of Engineering Design in Technological and 21st Century Competencies Capacity Building: Comparative Case Study in the Middle East, Asia, and Europe
Authors: Abdulwahed Mahmoud , Hasna Mazen
Published: March 2017

Engineering design is considered an effective means for developing engineering technical skills. Normally, engineering design is conducted in teams and is a collaborative open-ended approach under constraints. This nature of engineering design involves engagement of several interpersonal, cognitive, and management skills or competencies such as teamwork, communications, decision making, problem solving, etc. While modern engineers are supposed to be technically competent, they need to posses a wide set of interpersonal, cognitive, and management competencies to function effectively in the workplace. Increasingly there has been more deployment of engineering design competitions (EDCs) in engineering education to address some gaps in current curricula system. In this study, the impact of a complex engineering design competition on developing 21st century competencies of engineering and technology talent is investigated. A mix of quantitative and qualitative methods in the approach to self-reporting perceptions were utilized. Data was collected through interviews from students and faculty, and through surveys from students. Triangulating quantitative and qualitative data from students and faculty indicate that the investigated EDC have positive impact on a large set of 21st century engineering and technology competencies, this has been consistent across groups of students from the EU, Middle East, and Asia, as well as across genders. This is one of the few available investigations that sheds light in further depth on the impact of engineering design on non-technical skills.
Numerical Modeling and 3D Investigation of INWAVE Device
Authors: Song Seung , Sung Yong , Park Jin
Published: March 2017

In this article, numerical studies on a tightly moored point absorber type wave energy converter called INWAVE are presented. This system consists of a buoy, subsea pulleys, and a power take off (PTO) module. The buoy is moored by three ropes that pass through the subsea pulleys to the PTO module. Owing to the counterweight in the PTO module, a constant tension, which provides a horizontal restoring force to the buoy, is constantly applied to the rope. As waves pass by, the buoy is subjected to six degrees of freedom motion, consisting of surge, heave, sway, roll, pitch, and yaw, which causes reciprocating motion in the three mooring ropes. The PTO module converts the motion of the ropes into electric power. This process is expressed as a dynamic equation based on Newtonian mechanics and the performance of the device is analyzed using time domain simulation. We introduce the concept of virtual torsion spring in order to prevent the impact error in the ratchet gear modules which convert bidirectional motion of rope drum into unidirectional rotary motion. The three-dimensional geometrical relationship between the ropes and the buoy is investigated, and the effects of the angle of the mooring rope and the direction of wave propagation are addressed to determine the interaction between the tension of the rope and the buoy. Results have shown that the mooring rope angle has a large impact on the power extraction. The simulation results present a useful starting point for future experimental work.
Tailor-Made Feedback to Reduce Residential Electricity Consumption: The Effect of Information on Household Lifestyle in Japan
Authors: Ozawa Akito , Furusato Ryota , Yoshida Yoshikuni
Published: March 2017

Residential smart metering and energy feedback have attracted worldwide attention toward reducing energy consumption and building a sustainable society. Many theoretical studies have suggested the importance of personalized information; however, few feedback demonstrations have focused on household lifestyle. This paper presents a pilot program of energy feedback reports based on analytical methods to show the relationship between electricity consumption and household lifestyle in Japan. One type of report was for households with a night-oriented lifestyle, which were classified by means of frequency analysis; it was evident that such households should shift to a healthy, environmentally friendly, morning-oriented lifestyle. Another type of report was based on cluster analysis: it pinpointed the dates and times when the household consumed much more electricity than with its regular routine. Through panel data regression analysis, it was found that the reports contributed to reducing daily household electricity consumption—as long as a boomerang effect could be avoided. It was also found that the feedback effect was enhanced by activation of consciousness, norms, and motives. It was observed that activation required a good understanding of the characteristics of electricity consumption and lifestyles of each household.
Nursing Home Medication Reconciliation: A Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Tong Monica , Oh Hye Young , Thomas Jennifer , Patel Sheila , Hardesty Jennifer L. , Brandt Nicole J.
Published: March 2017

The current quality improvement initiative evaluated the medication reconciliation process within select nursing homes in Washington, DC. The identification of common types of medication discrepancies through monthly retrospective chart reviews of newly admitted patients in two different nursing homes were described. The use of high-risk medications, namely antidiabetic, anticoagulant, and opioid agents, was also recorded. A standardized spreadsheet tool based on multiple medication reconciliation implementation tool kits was created to record the information. The five most common medication discrepancies were incorrect indication (21%), no monitoring parameters (17%), medication name omitted (11%), incorrect dose (10%), and incorrect frequency (8%). Antidiabetic agents in both sites were the most used high-risk medication. This initiative highlights that medication discrepancies on admission are common in nursing homes and may be clinically impactful. More attention needs to be given to work flow processes to improve medication reconciliation considering the increased risk for adverse drug events and hospitalizations. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing and Mental Health Services, 43
(4), 9–14.]
Nurse, Patient, and Care Partner Perceptions of a Personalized Safety Plan Screensaver
Authors: Duckworth Megan , Leung Emily , Fuller Theresa , Espares Jenzel , Couture Brittany , Chang Frank , Businger Alexandra C. , Collins Sarah , Dalal Anuj , Fladger Anne , Schnipper Jeffrey L. , Schnock Kumiko O. , Bates David W. , Dykes Patricia C.
Published: March 2017

A patient safety plan dashboard was developed that captures disparate data from the electronic health record that is then displayed as a personalized bedside screensaver. The dashboard aligns all care team members, including patients and families, in the safety plan. The screensaver content includes icons that pertain to common geriatric syndromes. In two phases, interviews were conducted with nurses, nursing assistants, patients, and informal caregivers in a large, tertiary care center. End user perceptions of the content and interface of the personalized safety plan screensavers were identified and strategies to overcome the barriers to use for future iterations were defined. Many themes were identified, ranging from appreciation of the clinical decision support provided by the screensavers to the value of the safety-centric content. Differences emerged stemming from each group of end users' role on the care team. All feedback will inform requirements for improvements to the personalized safety plan screensaver. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 43
(4), 15–22.]
Online Research for the Impact of ICTs on Greek Women's Employability and Entrepreneurship
Authors: Pappas Marios A. , Drigas Athanasios , Papagerasimou Yannis , Dimitriou Helen , Giannacourou Maria , Katsanou Nadia , Papakonstantinou Sofia , Daratsanou Evangelia , Agoritsa Christina
Published: March 2017

Due to the increasing demands of highly skilled employees on ICT, European industries could face shortage of employees in the ICT sector. In the existing problem of lack of ICT executives in the European labour market it is added the problem of low representation of women in jobs related to ICT. In Greece this problem is even more intense as a result of the economic conditions in the last six years. Our online research for the impact of ICT on Greek women’s employability and entrepreneurship revealed that women overwhelmingly recognize that the field of digital entrepreneurship is one of the most important indicators of success in the 21st century economy, as well as that there are large gaps and mismatches between the supply and demand for ICT skills. Women believe that they are under-represented in the ICT sector and there is a gender-based gap in both ICT professionals and new occupations associated with new communication technologies. The problem of under-representation of women in the ICT sector, highlights the need for design and implementation of actions which will enable the female population in training and participation in entrepreneurship and employment with focus on ICT.
Preparation of Metallographic Samples with Anodic Layers
Authors: Remešová Michaela , Klakurková Lenka , Horynová Miroslava , Čelko Ladislav , Kaiser Jozef
Published: March 2017

Anodization is an electrochemical process that converts the metal surface into a decorative, durable, corrosion-resistant, anodic oxide coatings. The thickness of the resulting layer depends on the process parameters (voltage, current, type of electrolyte, concentration and temperature of the electrolyte). In this work, the preparation of zinc metallographic samples with anodic layer is described. Samples prepared by anodic oxidation on the zinc substrate are rather brittle and porous. During the mounting, cutting, grinding and polishing the layer can be deformed which can affect the layer thickness measurements. The problem is to determine the boundary between anodic layer and resin. The cross-sectional micrographs were observed by scanning electron microscopy with the aim to improve anodic layers thickness measurements by means of digital image analysis.
Optimalization of Tempering Temperature of 9CrNB Steel in Železiarne Podbrezová Steelworks
Authors: Parilák Ľudovít , Bekeč Pavel , Domovcová Lucia , Beraxa Pavol , Mojžiš Milan , Brziak Peter
Published: March 2017

This paper deals with the optimalization of tempering temperature of 9CrNB steel in Železiarne Podbrezová Steelworks, where hot-rolled tubes were produced with dimensions of 88.9 x 12.51 mm. Austenitising at 1070°C/12m/hr was carried out after rolling, and samples were subsequently tempered at 790°C, 760°C and 720°C/4m/hr. The results of testing the mechanical properties show that only tempering at 790°C fulfilled all of the mechanical properties requirements (Rp0,2, Rm, A5, HBW, KV2). The mechanical properties of grade P92 were used for comparison with 9CrNB mechanical properties, according to the relevant standard of STN EN 10216-2+A2. Yield strength requirements (Rp0,2) were also fulfilled in the temperature range from 100 to 600 °C. Microstructural analysis showed that tempering at 720°C, and also at 760°C does not lead to the complete tempering of martensite microstructure. We observed segregation of secondary phases at the grain boundary, but cementite films between individual laths did not coagulate to form carbide phases. By tempering at 790°C the intensity of formation of carbide phases, coagulation and growth of carbide phases is very high and leads to disintegration of laths. Despite satisfactory results, theoretical studies with respect to the selected chemical composition of 9CrNB steel show that to achieve sufficient dissolution of carbide or nitride phases (especially BN), it is necessary to use high temperature austenitization up to about 1200°C, followed by tempering below Ac1.
The Effect of Alloying Elements on Microstructure of 0,2%C TRIP Steel
Authors: Kučerová Ludmila , Jirková Hana , Mašek Bohuslav
Published: March 2017

Three low alloyed transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steels with 0.2%C were used in this work. The first one was based on the most common and popular 0.2%C - 1.5%Mn - 1.8%Si concept and was used as a reference material. The second steel was further micro-alloyed by 0.06% of Niobium. The third steel was designed with lower manganese content of 0.6% and additional alloying by 0.8% of Chromium. Thermo-mechanical processing with incorporated incremental deformation was applied to each steel. Various cooling rates and numbers of deformation steps were tested with regard to final microstructure and properties. After this optimization, microstructures with the potential to utilize TRIP effect were achieved for all steels. Very good mechanical properties were obtained with ductility typically in the interval of 30-40% and the tensile strengths in the range of 680-835 MPa.
The Effect of Cold Bending Process and Degradation at Boiler Conditions on the Properties of New Austenitic Creep Resistant Steel Super 304H for Boiler Super-Heaters Tubes
Authors: Hermanová Šárka , Kander Ladislav , Horváth Jakub
Published: March 2017

This paper is focused on evaluation of the plastic deformation effect, after the cold bending process for new austenitic material Super 304H designed for supercritical conditions. The aim of the project was to qualify the process of cold bending and then verify the properties of these bends in conditions approaching application. This paper presents the results of the plastic deformation effect on changes in the structure and mechanical properties at operating temperatures in corrosive environments coal combustion products and comparison to results before degradation. The tests were carried out on bends in two dimensions of tubes which are the most common sizes used in super-heaters for supercritical power plant boiler. The bends were produced by the method of cold bending on several bending radii in order to obtain information about the structure and behaviour of materials at various stages of deformation. To obtain reliable information tensile test, hardness test and metallographic examination were used on material from straight tubes of the bends and drawn parts before degradation and after degradation.
The Use of Microstructural Analysis for the Evaluation of Quality of Double-Wall Tubes
Authors: Klakurková Lenka , Horynová Miroslava , Juliš Martin , Gejdoš Pavel
Published: March 2017

Double-wall copper brazed steel tube is an economic alternative of copper and copper nickel tubes, that are used widely in automotive and AC&R applications, offering satisfying rigidity against high pressure, flexibility for bending and flaring, and rather good heat conductibility. When comparing in detail commercially available tubes of such type, significant differences in quality were revealed. This contribution is based on case studies concerning most common causes of failure of double-wall tubes due to several factors. Series of double wall-tubes from different suppliers were studied using light and electron microscopy in order to reveal defects which led to the failure of each set of the tubes. Tubes made of combination of steel and copper were analysed in the initial state and after heat treatment. Heat treatment performed by the suppliers was not further specified and varied between suppliers.
Metallographic analysis revealed unsuitable microstructure of steel layers and heterogeneity in Cu layer. More detailed analysis revealed precipitation of Cu-based intermetallic phase on the Cu-steel interface resulting from heat treatment process, but for one set of tubes, precipitates were observed even in the initial state, probably due to higher temperatures used during the fabrication process.
Microscopic Evaluation of a Damaged Press Casing and Analysis of Failure by Finite Element Method
Authors: Juraszek Janusz , Jurasz Zbigniew
Published: March 2017

The paper presents an instance of a failure of the casing of a press used to make hexagonal clamps on tubes used in power engineering. The failure occurred during the press operation. The results of microscopic investigations of the cracked area show that the crack was initiated by excessive accumulation of sulfide inclusions with an unfavourable banded structure that formed in the steel. An EDS analysis identified MnS involved in the crack mechanism.Moreover, an FEM simulation of the pressure distribution and an annulus model of axial loading were used to analyse the stress and strain values arising in the press casing under compression. It was found that normal compressive stresses in direction Z were much larger in the region where the crack occurred, which means that the press casing mechanical manufacturing process creates the largest stresses in the fillet radius area. On the other hand, the effect of sulphide inclusions in the material were also considered as a cause of failure.It is concluded that both these factors – equivalent stresses and the high level of sulphide inclusions in the steel structure have an impact on the press casing failure.
Effect of Dew Point on the Selective Oxidation of Advanced High Strength Steels
Authors: Maderthaner Magdalena , Jarosik Alexander , Angeli Gerhard , Haubner Roland
Published: March 2017

The effect of the dew point (and therefore oxygen partial pressure) on the selective oxidation of Advanced High Strength Steels was investigated. Steels with different Si contents, 0.2 wt% Si, 0.8 wt% Si and 1.5 wt% Si were used. The steel samples were annealed at 840 °C for 60 s and various gas atmospheres prior to hot-dip galvanized at 460 °C. The dew point of the 5 % H2-N2 annealing atmosphere was lowered from-30 °C (equivalent to 380 ppm H2O) to-58 °C (equivalent to 14 ppm H2O) in order to investigate surface segregation of alloying elements Si, Mn and Cr. These conditions are reducing for Fe, but oxidizing the oxygen-affine elements. Oxide morphology changed from a complete covering surface at high dew point to separated oxide spots at grain boundaries at low dew point. At the low dew point Cr was not oxidized. Oxides with a low Mn/Si-ratio seems to be amorphous. The Si-oxides are especially located at grain boundaries, Mn-oxides tend to cover the surface. Oxides covering the steel surfaces are detrimental for subsequent procedures as hot dip galvanizing, painting and welding.
Study of Artificial Aging Temperature Effect on Morphology of Structural Parameters in Aluminium Cast Alloy
Authors: Kuchariková Lenka , Tillová Eva , Chalupová Mária , Belan Juraj , Švecová Ivana , Vaško Alan
Published: March 2017

The contribution describes changes in morphology of structural parameters in recycled (secondary) AlSi9Cu3 cast alloy microstructure. These changes depended on different temperatures of artificial aging. The T6 heat treatment, which was used for affecting the structural parameters morphology, consisted of solution treatment at temperature 515 °C with holding time 4 hours, water quenching at 40°C and artificial aging at different temperatures 130 °C, 150 °C, 170 °C, 190 °C and 210 °C with different holding time 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 hours.
The morphology of structural parameters was observed using combination of different analytical techniques (light microscopy upon black-white and colour etching, scanning electron microscopy - SEM upon deep etching).
The different temperatures of artificial aging led to changes in microstructure include the spheroidization and coarsening of eutectic silicon, gradual disintegration, shortening and thinning of Fe-rich intermetallic phases, the dissolution of precipitates and the precipitation of finer hardening phase (Al2Cu).
Study of the Behavior to Cavitation Erosion of Some Bronzes with Varying Percentages of Sn and Pb
Authors: Fanica Cristian , Lupinca Cinca Ionel , Ciubotariu Relu Costel , Pellac Adrian , Nedeloni Lidia
Published: March 2017

This paper presents the study of experimental researches on cavitation erosion behavior of some bronzes with varying percentages of Sn and Pb. These experimental researches were made in „Eftimie Murgu” University of Resita laboratories for three different alloys, namely CuSn5Pb20, CuSn8Pb15 and CuSn10Pb5. After rehabilitation of certain equipment that was operating with running water, some pieces made of bronzes, were replaced and there were taken samples for studying which were analyzed in order to identify the causes that led to their wear. Finally, these materials were compared, after the obtained results regarding the cavitation erosion resistance and after the metallographic analysis.
Biodegradable Metallic Materials for Temporary Medical Implants
Authors: Vojtěch Dalibor , Kubásek Jiří , Čapek Jaroslav , Pospíšilová Iva
Published: March 2017

Biodegradable Mg, Zn and Fe alloys are currently studied as prospective biomaterials for temporary medical implants like stents for repairing damaged blood vessels and devices (screws and plates) for fixing fractured bones. In the present paper, novel Mg-, Zn- and Fe-biodegradable alloys are proposed. Advantages and disadvantages of the three kinds of alloys are demonstrated regarding the mechanical performance, in vitro corrosion behavior and biocompatibility.
Effect of Severe Plastic Deformation on Structure and Properties of Beta Titanium Alloy Using for Hip Implants
Authors: Kander Ladislav , Greger Miroslav
Published: March 2017

The Paper Deals with Microstructural and Mechanical Properties Changes during Severe Plastic Deformation Process in Beta Titanium Alloy Used for Hip Implants. Effect of Various Numbers of Passes through ECAP (Equal Chanel Angular Pressing) Die on Microstructure and Properties Have been Evaluated. Comparison between Virgin State Cast Alloy and Alloy after Several Steps of Severe Plastic Deformation Induced by ECAP Technology Have been Carried out. Mechanical Properties Have been Evaluated Using Miniaturized Specimens. from Experimental Work can Be Concluded Positive Effect of ECAP Technology both on Mechanical Properties (yield Stress as well as Tensile Strength) Including Grain Size.
Analysis of Urnfield Period Bronze Droplets Formed during Casting
Authors: Haubner Roland , Strobl Susanne , Trebsche Peter
Published: March 2017

The Late Bronze Age copper mining site “Gasteil Cu I” (ca 1050–850 BC) is located in the district of Neunkirchen, Lower Austria. Since 2010 five excavation campaigns took place and many artifacts as well as corroded metallic droplets were discovered. Two of these droplets were investigated by metallography.
At the droplet ́s surface tin was measured, indicating that these droplets are formed during bronze casting. The small droplet is severely corroded but in its core the original bronze alloy is still present. The analysis showed about 10 wt.% Sn. The microstructure is characterized by a Cu-Sn solid solution and a Cu-Sn intermetallic phase. Additionally small amounts of Cu2S were observed in the metallic core. The corroded rim contains oxides and hydroxides of Cu and Sn and other impurities like Ca, P, Si, S and Fe. Analyzing the corrosion products, Sn concentrations up to 40 wt.% were measured. This enrichment can be explained by a simultaneous formation of insoluble SnO2 and Cu ions, which were transported to the surface.
Surprisingly, the other large droplet has a corroded core and metallic phases are remaining at the rim. The microstructures of the corrosion products reflect the original casting microstructures of the bronze.
Long-Term Gamma Prime Phase Stability after Various Heat Treatment Conditions with Temperature Dropping during Solution Treatment in Cast Nickel Base Superalloy, Grade Inconel-738
Authors: Polsilapa Sureerat , Promboopha Aimamorn , Wangyao Panyawat
Published: March 2017

Cast nickel based superalloy, Grade Inconel 738, is a material for turbine blades. Its rejuvenation heat treatment usually consist of solution treatment condition with temperature range of 1125-1205 oC for 2-6 hours. Then it is following with double aging process including primary aging at 1055oC for 1 hour and secondary aging at 845oC for 24 hours. However, the various selected temperature dropping program were performed during solution treatment to simulate the possible error of heating furnace. The maximum number of temperature dropping during solution treatment is varied from 1-3 times From all obtained results, the various temperature dropping during solution treatment conditions showed extremely the significant effect on the final rejuvenated microstructures and long-term gamma prime stability after heating at temperature of 900oC for 200 hours.