bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Streaming Music into Renaissance Studies: The Case of L’homme armé
Authors: N. Moll Kevin
Published: June 2019

College-level courses devoted to Renaissance culture typically put a premium on incorporating primary sources and artifacts of a literary, art-historical, and historical nature. Yet the monuments of contemporaneous music continue to be marginalized as instructional resources, even though they are fully as worthy both from an aesthetic and from a historical standpoint. This study attempts to address that problem by invoking the tradition of early polyphonic masses on L’homme armé – a secular tune used as a unifying melody (cantus firmus) throughout settings of the five-movement liturgical cycle. Beginning by explaining the origins and significance of the putative monophonic tune, the paper then details how a series of composers utilized the song in interestingly varied ways in various mass settings. Subsequently it sketches out a context for mysticism in the liturgical-musical tradition of L’homme armé, and points to some compelling parallels with the contemporaneous art of panel painting, specifically as represented in the works of Rogier van der Weyden.
Pacifism and Performance in Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream
Authors: Garrison John , Pivetti Kyle
Published: June 2019

This essay takes A Midsummer Night’s Dream as a case study for exploring Shakespeare’s relationship to pacifism. We argue that this play, which uses a love potion to end conflict and to suggest parity across various competing spheres, taps into early modern discourses about peace as well our own contemporary anti-war discourses. We take inspiration from Bernie Boston’s photograph “Flower Power” and Allen Ginsberg’s essay that first articulated that notion as we imagine the play’s faeries to be “flower children.” The essay ultimately argues that Shakespeare’s play, as well as its play-within-a-play, dramatize the power of love as an anti-war and pacifist force.
Scholasticism, Enlightenment, and the Problem of Print: The Mediality of the Debate about Benito Jerónimo Feijoo’s Teatro crítico universal
Authors: Traninger Anita
Published: June 2019

Benito Jerónimo Feijoo, the major proponent of the Enlightenment in Spain, straddled two worlds and two traditions of intellectual discourse–the Enlightened public sphere and the traditional scholasticism of the university–and this had implications for how he addressed his opponents and ordered his thoughts. In this article, I will show that while appearing to break with traditional protocols, he subtly played with some of their core notions. At the same time, I will link his concept for his Teatro crítico universal as a theatre of errors to Pierre Bayle’s plans for his Historical and Critical Dictionary. In the debate that raged about the Teatro for almost a quarter of a century, it was Feijoo’s opponents who held him to the standards of dialectical debate, in particular to honouring the status controversiae. Finally, I will show that one of the most surprising features of this debate is that the supposedly conservative and progressive sides concurred in its most salient (meta-)issue: the legitimacy of new ideas. Both did not shy away from forfeiting traditional philosophical privileges.
Normativity in Empirical Youth Ministry Research
Authors: de Kock Jos , Sonnenberg Ronelle , Renkema Erik
Published: June 2019

Normative considerations are an important part of empirical research on the youth ministry. In the presentation of results in many practical theological studies on the youth ministry, however, rarely a sufficient reflection is provided on the kind of normativity that plays a role in the way practices are investigated or on how normativity is present in the practices that have been studied. Partly based on the case studies of three PhD studies on the youth ministry from the Dutch Research Centre for Youth, Church and Culture, this article aims (a) to give an overview of the layers of normativity that can be distinguished in current practical theological youth ministry research and (b) to give directions for the design, execution, and reporting of practical theological youth ministry research in terms of a sufficient reflection on normativity.
Francophone Acadian Literature as an Ultraminor Literature
Authors: Cabajsky Andrea
Published: June 2019

This essay takes four novels by Acadian fiction-writer France Daigle as case studies of a phenomenon it defines as ultraminor. It develops the concept of the ultraminor in relation to Acadian literature, a doubly dominated literature positioned uneasily between centers of cultural influence in Paris and Montreal. The author conceives of the ultraminor as a writing strategy and a method of critical reading. As a writing strategy, the ultraminor aims to transcend dual marginality while establishing new frames of reference defined on local terms. As a dialectical critical method, the ultraminor exposes the binaries that novelists such as Daigle seek to transcend—between center and periphery and cultural normativity and emergence—while remaining caught within the terms of the original double-bind. Viewed from the lens of Daigle’s novels, the ultraminor complicates Casanova’s model of polycentrism by rendering intercultural relations among literary centers and peripheries at once dynamic and vulnerable to pressures from the margins.
Between Solidarity and Pleasure
Authors: McManus Anne-Marie
Published: June 2019

Elias Khoury, a leading voice within contemporary Arabic literature and criticism, talks about the worldliness of Arabic literature, both as a writer and as a critical voice whose longstanding political engagement offers much-needed perspective on the possibilities and limitations of world literary debates today.
History and the Hebrew Bible: Culture, Narrative, and Memory
Authors: Wilson Ian D.
Published: June 2019

This essay offers an introduction to select disciplinary developments in the study of history and in historical study of the Hebrew Bible. It focuses first and foremost on “cultural history,” a broad category defined by nineteenth- and twentieth-century developments in anthropology and sociology, literary theory and linguistics, and other fields of study. The first part of the essay comments on developments since the so-called “linguistic turn,” highlighting some key works on culture, narrative, and memory, in order to establish a contemporary historical approach to biblical studies. It then turns to questions of the Hebrew Bible’s usefulness for historical study, and highlights studies of King David and the Davidic polity in ancient Israel/Judah, to show how scholars of the Bible have done historical work in recent years. And finally, it provides a case study of the book of Joshua, demonstrating how historians can utilize biblical texts as sources for cultural history.
Conflicting Values, Ubuntu Philosophy and Peace Building: An African Experience
Authors: Ujomu Philip Ogo , Bature Anthony I.
Published: June 2019

This paper studies conflict of values as triggers for social disorder. Specifically, we review the condition of negative dominant social paradigm (DSP) leading to value clashes. Value clashes are conflicts that arise from collision of ways of life, (ethnic, political, religious, etc.) thought systems and diverse uses of nature and sharing of resources. This shortfall is easily seen in egoism, corruption, disregard for the rule of law, inability to secure core human values in the social system. Using a local case study, we notice that such value disruptive tendencies pose a threat to Nigeria’s citizens, government, institutions and democracy, due to the rise of, violent conflicts and degradation of the value of human life ultimately leading to terrorism and other life-threatening challenges. It is suggested that such value clashes or clashes of values can be mitigated by a push for the sustenance of social order using some principles. The philosophical notion or principle of Ubuntu recommends the interdependence of human beings and the urgent need for a humane, compassionate and dignified approach to social living using basic democratic and moral values to deepen and widen the concept of peace and peace building.
Identifying the Country of Meilugudun and the Significant Value of Zhou Qufei’s Lingwai daida
Authors: Almonte Victoria
Published: June 2019

During the last century, considerable interest arose regarding Chinese knowledge of western territories, with a long list of works being published on the topic. Joseph Needham’s Science and Civilisation in China (1959) states that Arab thinking had clearly influenced the Chinese conception of geography over the centuries. Zhang Xinglang analyses the relationship between the Chinese empire and countries overseas, focusing on Islamic countries and particularly those in the north of Africa. Feng Chengjun’s western territories toponyms and Gudai nanhai diming huishi have provided two powerful and even fundamental tools for the research presented here. The first gathers together a large collection of toponyms from various literary works; these are written in western language with their relative transcription or translation in Chinese. The second, the Gudai nanhai diming huishi, is divided in two volumes analysing many Chinese toponyms and their use in several geographical works.

Li Qingxin’s Haishang Sichou zhilu, focuses on the development of the Maritime Silk Road and its economic-political consequences for China’s empire. Gabriele Foccardi’s research focuses instead on the motives for Chinese travellers and their expeditions, highlighting the historical and social differences between the different dynasties. Friedrich Hirth and William Rockhill provide a crucial literary resource with their translation of Zhao Rukuo’s work, Zhufanzhi (1966), as does J.V.G. Mills with his annotated translation of Ma Huan’s Yingya shenglan, a journey work of the fifteenth century. Yang Wuquan’s research into Zhou Qufei’s work, published in 1999, identifies several toponyms used by Zhou and compares several foreign geographical works.

Zhou Qufei and Zhao Rukuo were both imperial officials during the Southern Song dynasty. They spent many years in the border territories of China: Zhou Qufei in Qinzhou, Guangxi province, and Zhao Rukuo in Quanzhou, Fujian province. Their works mention several toponyms never used before in Chinese texts: ‘Meilugudun’, or ‘Meilugu’ (as written by Zhao Rukuo), is one of these. The identification of this toponym has not been determined until now. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to determine which kingdom was identified with the ‘Meilugudun’ toponym during the Song Dynasty. Two different questions are here discussed and resolved. First, can the land of Meilugudun be identified with the city of Merv in Turkmenistan? Second, do Zhou’s ‘Meilugudun’ and Zhao’s ‘Meilugu’ both stand for the same place?

This paper can be divided into four sections. The first section focuses on Zhou Qufei, the second on Zhao Rukuo. The third analyses and compares previous scholars’ studies. The fourth proposes the new identification of the Meilugudun kingdom.
Chinese Writings on Tea
Authors: Zanini Livio
Published: June 2019

The present article deals with the historical evolution and the current state of the classification and compilation of Chinese writings on tea. The Chajing (Tea Classic) by Lu Yu was the first essay entirely dedicated to tea, inspiring the composition of other writings on this subject. In the bibliographical catalogues of the Tang and Song dynasties, texts on tea were classified under different categories. Tea literature was recognized as an individual genre in 1612 with the publication of the first dedicated collectanea, entitled Chashu (Writings on Tea). During the Qing period there was no other comparable compilation of texts of this kind. In the twentieth century the term chashu was adopted by various scholars and compilers as a general label for tea literature. Nevertheless, there is at present neither a unique nor unequivocal term to denote tea literature, nor is there common acceptance of the scope and typologies of the texts that form this literary genre.
走出閨房，回歸家庭
Authors:   苑星
Published: June 2019

清代閨秀並非始終身處閨房，而是在空間上已突破“內”的範疇，旅行至外界。本文選取李因（1610–1685）、王貞儀（1768–1797）、曾懿（1852–1927）、單士厘（1863–1945）四位生活於清代不同時段的閨秀，研究其旅行及寫作。她們的行跡越來越廣遠，走出去的意識越來越強。其寫作延續山水遊記詩的傳統外，出現了諸多新元素，如記錄邊疆風物，宣揚女學思想，表達國民意識，介紹西方文明等。但旅行之後，她們又都以不同的方式回歸了家庭，在女學思想上，都恪守“女內”的身份定位與順隨的婦德，其出遊的目的是更好地回歸家庭履行相夫教子的“婦女天職”。
Some Preliminary Observations on Chen Jian’s Thought Regarding Statecraft in Huangming Tongji
Authors: Chng Xing Liang
Published: June 2019

This paper attempts to examine the writing style, writing purpose, and philosophy of Chen Jian 陳建’s Huangming tongji 皇明通紀 (Comprehensive Annals of the Imperial Ming, HMTJ).* The paper has two main sections. The first points out that although this book imitates the Zizhi tongjian 資治通鑑 (Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government), it differs from that book’s top-down approach to positive governance. The second section inquires into the ultimate purpose of HMTJ and into the reasons behind the order of publication of Chen’s three books. HMTJ had an extremely enlightening role in arousing the contemporary layperson’s awareness of current affairs, and this role added the basis of public opinion to further consolidate Chen’s complete statecraft thought.
Autobiography and Symbolic Capital in Late Imperial China
Authors: Pattinson David
Published: June 2019

This essay explores the use of autobiography to enhance symbolic capital in seventeenth-century China as exemplified by the chronological autobiography of the writer and geomancer Peng Shiwang 彭士望 (1610–1683). Peng was one of the Nine Masters of Changes Hall, a group of Ming loyalist scholars based in Ningdu in south-eastern Jiangxi province who gained a reputation among the cultural elite of the early Qing dynasty. Peng was not a major figure in the Ming–Qing transition period, and his own active participation in the Ming resistance to the Qing conquest was slight. Nevertheless, the economic effects of the Qing conquest, and his decision not to seek employment under the new dynasty, left him and his family in a financially and socially precarious position. When, in 1666, Peng published his collected poetry, he prefaced it with a chronological autobiography remarkable for devoting about half its space to the names of people he met during his peripatetic life. These names include a significant number of loyalists, even though Peng cannot have known some of the more famous ones very well. This essay argues that, through his autobiography, Peng sought to leverage his loyalist connections to create a form of symbolic capital which could be used to shore up his status among the educated elite of his time by increasing sales and circulation of his works and by expanding the social network he could draw upon for work as a geomancer or teacher, or for other support on his travels.
The Comprehensive Manchu–Han Banquet: History, Myth, and Development
Authors: Yue Isaac
Published: June 2019

In* terms of grandeur and extravagance, modern Chinese society tends to think of the Comprehensive Manchu–Han Banquet 滿漢全席 as the pinnacle of China’s culinary heritage. Its allure is best illustrated by what happened in 1977, when the Tokyo Broadcasting System (TBS) commissioned a Hong Kong restaurant named Kwok Bun 國賓酒樓 to recreate the banquet according to its “original” recipes. The preparation took over three months, involved more than one hundred and sixty chefs, and resulted in a meal that featured more than one hundred dishes.1 Since then, there has been no shortage of efforts made by different individuals, restaurants, and organizations to follow suit and recreate the Comprehensive Manchu–Han Banquet in a contemporary setting. These different endeavours commonly claim that they follow the most authentic recipes. Little did they realise that there is no such thing as an authentic recipe. In fact, historians cannot even agree on which era saw the banquet begin, though the leading candidates all date to the Qing dynasty (1644–1911); these are the reign of the Emperor Kangxi (r. 1661–1722), the reign of the Emperor Qianlong (r. 1735–1796), and the dynasty’s last decades.

This paper examines the accuracy of these claims by analyzing a sample menu for the Comprehensive Manchu–Han Banquet recorded during Qianlong’s reign. This menu contains crucial information about the feast’s formative stages, information that has not yet been properly addressed by academics researching this topic. By drawing attention to the traditional dietary customs of ethnic Manchus and Han Chinese, understood in the context of contemporaneous Chinese gastronomy (to supplement the menu’s lack of contextual information), this paper provides a better understanding of the Comprehensive Manchu–Han Banquet and of Chinese gastronomy in general, in terms of their history, development, and cultural significance.
Remarks on the Origins of Secularism and Nationalism in Iran
Authors: Abdolmohammadi Pejman
Published: June 2019

Mirzā Fatḥʿalī Āḫūndzāde (1812-1878) is one of the most important thinkers and intellectuals of the 19th century in Iran. He started to develop a critical perception of political Islam, giving rise to a new current of thought based on Persian nationalism, secularism and constitutionalism. This article, after a brief introduction of the political and historical context of the 19th century, will analyse the political thought of Āḫūndzāde, highlighting some fundamental elements of his ideas and reflections such as enlightenment, nationalism, constitutionalism, the relationship between religion and politics, and the importance of individual liberties and civil rights. Āḫūndzāde was able to combine the Western enlightenment with the Persian pre-Islamic history and identity, creating, for the first time in the Iranian modern history, a new current of thought based on secularism and nationalism. This article will also show how Āḫūndzāde’s thought influenced the political evolution of Persia from the mid of nineteenth century until today, highlighting some important historical events of Persia such as the Constitutional Revolution, Riḍā Šāh’s reign, Muṣaddiq’s government and the political movements of today’s Iranian civil society.
Shiite Survival in Ottoman Aleppo
Authors: Salati Marco
Published: June 2019

This article presents a translation of a waqf document from the Ottoman archives of Aleppo. The author’s contention is this waqfiyya bears witness to the resilience of Shiite presence in a predominantly Sunnite city.
The Portrait and Its Doubles: Nāṣir ʿAlī Sirhindī, Mīrzā Bīdil and the Comparative Semiotics of Portraiture in Late Seventeenth-Century Indo-Persian Literature
Authors: Pellò Stefano
Published: June 2019

This paper focuses on two late 17th century Indo-Persian stories dealing with “living” portraits: a couplet-poem by Nāṣir ʿAlī Sirhindī and a chapter of Mīrzā ‘Abd al-Qādir Bīdil’s autobiography. I investigate these narratives looking at the creative interactions between the codified models for talking about portraits as they are provided in the pre-Mughal Persian literary tradition, and the “newness” of 17th-century Indo-Persian intellectual space, in a cosmopolitan perspective. Accordingly, I explore how the literary dymension reacted to the notion of the visual reproduction in an epoch of social hyper-exposure of portrait painting, and how the conceptual atmosphere regarding visuality interacted with it. In this perspective, my reading will emphasize the expediency of a comparative approach looking, at least preliminarily, at the complex interactions with the Indic textual domain as well as the overlappings with the Latinate one.
Legitimacy Through Female Lineage? The Role of In-Laws (aṣhār) in the Royal Mamluk Households of the Fifteenth Century
Authors: Fuess Albrecht
Published: June 2019

Presently, the role of in-law relationships in the Middle Eastern historical context has been understudied, even as it is known that high officials could bolster their political prestige and claim to power by marrying or being married to a royal princess. This is especially true in the Mamluk context of the fifteenth century, when it became impossible for sons of reigning sultans to succeed their fathers. These sons were only allowed to ascend the throne for short periods as mere placeholders, as the effective successors who replaced their fathers were usually drawn from among the membership of the inner circle of the Mamluk military elite. Their marker of identity was that they had been imported as young slave boys from regions to the north of the Black Sea or the Caucasian region. Because there were no direct dynastic ties present, a new Mamluk sultan would create a family bond to the old sultan and bolster his legitimacy by becoming his in-law. The following article will therefore look at the process of becoming an in-law at the Mamluk court and the possible consequences of a royal wedding in terms of transmission of legitimacy.
Iranian Cities: Settlements and Water Management from Antiquity to the Islamic Period
Authors: Rante Rocco
Published: June 2019

This article attempts a long-term perspective on cities and water from Late Antiquity to the early Islamic centuries (until ca. 1000 CE). It focuses on the question of how cities and their agricultural hinterland were supplied with water. The topography of the site, its geomorphological features, are shown to influence both the setup and subsequent history of the cities. The article uses two sets of examples, one chosen from the Iranian plateau where qanāt irrigation predominates, and the other one from Persianate Central Asia (Transoxiana), where water is derived from larger and medium-sized rivers. The type of irrigation influences the ways in which the city grows, and more generally, the layout of the city is also determined by the water supply. Cities tend to grow towards the source of water, and it can also be observed that in many cases, the political and administrative centre is located where the best water is available. One of the major questions is whether imperial will was behind the construction of irrigation systems or whether local players such as landlords were the decisive factor.

The article combines archaeological research and the study of textual sources but is mostly based on recent archaeological fieldwork.
Among Saints and Poets: The Spiritual Topography of Medieval Shiraz
Authors: Aigle Denise
Published: June 2019

Shiraz is distinguished from other cities due to its reputation as the city of saints and poets, as previously emphasised in the title of Arberry’s book of 1960: “Shiraz, Persian City of Saints and Poets”. In textual sources, the city is the “Fortress of saints” (burj al-awliyā’). Shiraz owes its sanctity to the many mausoleums dedicated to the descendants of ‘Alī b. Abī Ṭālib (and Šāh-i Čirāġ), as well as famous mystics such as Šayḫ Kabīr (d. 371/982) and Rūzbihān Baqlī (d. 606/1209). The poets Sa‘dī (d. 691/1292) and Ḥāfiẓ (d. 792/1390) celebrated Shiraz as the city of roses and nightingales. Their sanctuaries, which still the object of pious visits, accentuate the “capital” of city’s sacrality.

After reconstructing the urban space in which the sacred buildings are located, the purpose of this paper is to show how the specific sanctity of the city emerged from the textual sources. Two major texts addressing the sanctity of Shiraz date from the eighth/fourteenth century. In the Šīrāz-nāma (completed in 744/1343), Ibn Zarkūb unfolds the history of the city and speaks of its merits. In Šadd al-īzār (ca. 791/1389), a guide for pilgrimage to Shiraz’s seven cemeteries, Junayd Šīrāzī describes the ritual geography of the city. He notes the places where the Shirazis are buried, thus establishing the symbolic presence of the deceased among the living. Alid shrines in particular thus contributed to the “capitalisation of the sacred” in Shiraz.
Medieval Kashan: Crossroads of Commerce and Culture
Authors: Amanat Mehrdad , Mottahedeh Roy P.
Published: June 2019

This essay first attempts to explain why the Iranian city of Kashan is where it is and then how it came to grow.

Extensive use of irrigation allowed an adequate and perhaps abundant agriculture in the surrounding region. The arrival of substantial numbers of Arab immigrants in Kashan in the early Islamic period played an important role in the city’s development and its continuation as a center of Shiʿism. A strong educational tradition produced many talented Kashani officials, who served in the Saljuq and later administrations and sent some of their wealth back to Kashan.

It was also in the Saljuq period that Kashan gained a reputation for its production of luxury ceramics. Artisanal traditions were passed from generation to generation and contributed to exports of brass, and especially of textiles, which continued for centuries. Wealthy Kashanis (probably including a fair number of sayyids) invested heavily in charitable endowments, which served the poor and furthered learning in general. In the Timurid period, investments in mathematical education produced several outstanding mathematicians and astronomers. Tax yields from the medieval period may indicate the increasing prosperity of Kashan.
The History of Iranian Cities through their Books: What Ms. Köprülü 01589 Tells Us about 8th/14th Century Shiraz
Authors: Savant Sarah Bowen , Montazer Mahdi Majid
Published: June 2019

What can the history of books tell us about Iranian cities and their histories? This article introduces the manuscript of a multi-text compilation (majmūʿa) for the purpose of illustrating its potential usefulness as a source for studying the social and cultural history of Shiraz in the turbulent period that followed the collapse of Mongol rule in the area. We specifically seek to show that Köprülü 01589, now housed in Istanbul, helps us to see how books were produced and consumed, and provides insight into the operations of a busy workshop for copying texts. Despite the rarity and historical significance of several of the pieces that it contains, the availability of images of the manuscript for some time in Istanbul and Iran, and attention to it in catalogues, it has not received scholarly attention as a whole.1 Although this article is only a preliminary study of a single manuscript, we believe it is important for the current volume in showing what manuscripts can reveal of the social world that produced them, the networks of people and ideas that animated city life, and the cultural resources of specific times and places. Furthermore, our approach to Köprülü 01589 can be expanded and applied to other manuscripts originating in Shiraz and other cities.
The Legal Principle of Reciprocity and China’s Water Treaty Practice
Authors: Devlaeminck David J
Published: June 2019

The legal principle of reciprocity plays a strong role in the law of international watercourses in both bilateral and multilateral contexts. China, primarily an upstream state, shares transboundary rivers with 14 neighbouring states. These shared rivers are governed by a variety of treaties and soft law documents, with China preferring to take a bilateral approach. Building on previous research, this article aims to elaborate on the role that reciprocity has played in the development, maintenance and interpretation of the law of international watercourses and then applies this to China’s transboundary water treaties. For these purposes, this analysis focuses on China’s approach to sovereignty on its transboundary waters and the substantive, procedural and dispute settlement rules of China’s transboundary treaties, as well as future developments, including the influence of the concept of ‘common interests’ on China’s practices. There have been significant developments in China’s transboundary water cooperation, as transboundary waters are increasingly important for China’s development. The article concludes with the example of the China-led Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Mechanism, highlighting its reciprocal characteristics and pathways for future development.
What academics really think about information literacy
Authors: Stebbing Deborah , Shelley Jane , Warnes Mark , McMaster Carol
Published: June 2019

This research project arose from a need to ensure librarians and academics work together to support student information literacy (IL) development, aligned to the Anglia Ruskin University learning and teaching strategy, and specifically to improve librarians’ understanding of how academic staff view IL and consider their perceptions and expectations within different disciplines. A literature review found a limited number of studies which considered academics’ point of view and few were concerned with discipline (faculty) differences. We took a qualitative approach to this research, using semi-structured interviews with a convenience sample of participants drawn from nursing subjects and business subjects in a post-1992 university in the United Kingdom. The research questions asked about academics’ perception of IL, the impact of their discipline on IL and their view of the ideal information literate student. Six key areas of concern emerged around the teaching of IL: students transitioning into higher education, developing evaluation skills, the significance of the undergraduate major project and discipline differences, the information landscape and the perceived need for preparation for IL at work. The article discusses the findings, difficulties surrounding students achieving adequate IL and considerations for future practice in delivering focused IL support.
Using learning diaries to evaluate and improve online information literacy and academic skills provision
Authors: Tolland Aidan , Mogg Rebecca , Bennett Amanda
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this paper is to describe a new method for the evaluation of online provision of information literacy and academic skills (ILAS), and advocate for its addition as a tool for the ILAS practitioner. The method is discussed in the context of evaluating its effectiveness for a project to investigate the value of six online tutorials for postgraduate taught students at Cardiff University. The paper presents the advantages and disadvantages of the method compared to the more commonly utilised focus group and interview techniques in this field of study. It concludes that the method has been highly effective in collecting substantial actionable information for the improvement of the development of student’s ILAS and recommends its use in similar projects.
Unions and Non-Standard Work: Union Representation and Wage Premiums across Non-Standard Work Arrangements in Canada, 1997–2014
Authors: Gomez Rafael , Lamb Danielle
Published: June 2019

The authors examine the association between unionization and non-standard work in terms of coverage and wages. They use data from the master files of Canada’s Labour Force Survey (LFS) between 1997–98 and 2013–14 to define and measure non-standard work and to provide a continuum of vulnerability across work arrangements. The estimated probability of being employed in some form of non-permanent job increased 2.9 percentage points from 1997 to 2014. During that same period, the estimated probability of being in a non-full-time, non-permanent job—another way of capturing non-standard work—increased 2.5 percentage points. Although estimated union wage premiums declined rather precipitously for all groups, the union wage advantage remained highest among non-standard workers. Further, the authors find the union wage premium is largest for the most vulnerable of non-standard workers. In terms of estimates that look across the earnings distribution, the union wage premium among non-standard workers is larger for workers higher up the earnings profile.
Three-dimensional nanoprepreg and nanostitched aramid/phenolic multiwall carbon nanotubes composites: Experimental determination of in-plane shear
Authors: Bilisik Kadir , Erdogan Gulhan , Sapanci Erdal , Gungor Sila
Published: June 2019

In-plane shear of nanostitched three-dimensional para-aramid/phenolic composites were experimentally investigated. Adding the nanostitched fiber into nanoprepreg para-aramid fabric preform composites slightly improved their shear strengths. The carbon-stitched composite exhibited comparatively better performance compared to the para-aramid stitched composite probably due to well bonding between carbon fiber and phenolic resin. The stitched nano composites had mainly matrix breakages and micro shear hackles in the matrix; matrix debonding and filament pull-out in the composite interface; fibrillar peeling and stripping on the filaments due to angular deformation. This mechanism probably prohibited extensive interlaminar opening in the nanostitched composites. The result exhibited that the introducing of the nano stitched fiber where multiwall carbon nanotubes were transferred to the out-of-plane of the base structure enhanced its transverse fracture as a form of confined delamination area. Therefore, the damaged tolerance properties of the stitched nano composites were enhanced compared to the base.
Changing Trends of Color of Different Laryngeal Regions in Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease
Authors: Du Chen , Thayer Paige , Yan Yan , Liu Qingsong , Wang Li , Jiang Jack
Published: June 2019

Introduction:

In our previous study, we demonstrated that there might be correlations between laryngopharyngeal reflux disorder and the hue value of laryngoscopic images. And we found that different regions of larynx have different hue values. It was hypothesized that the degree of inflammation varies between different laryngeal regions, due to an acid reflux pattern.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to compare the changing trends of hue values of different laryngeal regions in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) disease.

Methods:

Ninety-seven patients, including 20 pH-positive, 19 pH-negative were tested for LPR through multichannel intraluminal impedance 24-hour pH monitoring, and 58 controls with reflux symptom index less than 13. Laryngoscopic images of all patients were obtained. The hue values of 7 areas of interest, including both sides of the true vocal folds, the false vocal folds, the arytenoids, and the interarytenoid space, were quantified using a hue calculation. The analysis of variance analysis was applied to find if there was significant difference between different groups within each region.

Results:

(1) In the regions of both sides of the true vocal folds and interarytenoid, there was no significant difference between positive group and negative group; (2) in the regions of both sides of false vocal folds, there was no significant difference between negative group and control group; (3) in the regions of both sides of arytenoids, there was neither significant difference between positive group and negative group nor between negative group and control group; (4) in other comparisons, there were significant differences.

Conclusion:

Hue values of separate laryngeal regions are different. In negative group, the hue values of interarytenoid region are similar with positive group, and the sensitivity to the acid are different from different regions. The sensitivity in the true vocal folds may be present.
Peering Inside the “Black Box”: The Impact of Management-Side Representatives on the Industrial Relations Climate of Organizations
Authors: Campbell Shelagh , Weststar Johanna
Published: June 2019

The labor climate of an organization can have a great impact on productivity and efficiency. Managing this climate is often left to union stewards and management-side labor relations representatives. While there is a large literature on the role of union stewards, little is written about the role that management-side labor relations representatives play in establishing or maintaining positive labor-management relations. Building from a series of interviews with labor relations representatives in Canada and a nationwide pilot study of frontline industrial relations workers, we model the role of the labor relations representatives and their specific job actions in the established model of labor climate. Considering personal, structural, and attitudinal antecedents and measures of individual effectiveness, the study reveals that flexibility and informality matter more than formal education in industrial relations for creating positive labor climate. The study results indicate that labor relations representatives have the potential to play an important role in maintaining positive labor climate, if given more opportunity to take a proactive approach.
Treatment, Reintegration, and Quality of Prison Life: Perception by Inmates
Authors: Barquín Jesús , Cano Miguel Ángel , Calvo María de los Ángeles
Published: June 2019

This article inquires into the validity of the hypothesis on which prison sentences are formally based in Spain, according to Article 25.2 of Spanish Constitution: reeducation and social reintegration of the convicted person. For this purpose, we have analyzed the current state of prison “morals” in five penitentiary facilities located in the south of Spain through a representative sample of prisoners. They have answered a questionnaire that includes, among others, some questions connected with the following two issues: (a) their relationship with prison staff, and (b) the prison environment as related to the effectiveness of their treatment in terms of their reintegration into society. This investigation will also allow to detect possible differences in the quality of prison life in the five penitentiaries analyzed.
Advisory Lane-Changing Assistant at Vehicle Incidents with Connected Vehicles
Authors: Yang Hao , Oguchi Ken
Published: June 2019

Vehicle incidents on roads result in lane closure and severe traffic congestion, and the frequent mandatory lane changes of the upstream vehicles generate capacity drops ahead of the incidents, which further increase road congestion. With the development of connected vehicles, vehicle incidents can be detected by individual vehicles, and immediate driving assistance can be provided to help them pass the incidents efficiently. This paper proposes a distributed lane-changing assistant (DLCA) system with connected vehicles to advise individual vehicles with the optimal lanes to pass incidents with smaller delays. The system introduces connected vehicles to detect the location and the lane closure information of an incident and broadcast the information to the upstream connected vehicles. To determine the optimal lane for each connected vehicle, a speed index is defined for each lane based on the incident information and the downstream connected vehicle dynamics. The DLCA system is evaluated with a microscopic traffic simulator, INTEGRATION, to illustrate its benefits in improving the performance of individual vehicles and mitigating road congestion. A sensitivity analysis of market penetration rates and demand levels of connected vehicles is also conducted in this paper. The results indicate that the DLCA system can reduce the delay by about 22.1% for the connected vehicles, and it has higher benefits on improving the performance of the entire road at higher market penetration rates. In addition, there exists an optimal demand level to maximize the benefits of the system.
Modeling Vehicle Collision Injury Severity Involving Distracted Driving: Assessing the Effects of Land Use and Built Environment
Authors: Fatmi Mahmudur Rahman , Habib Muhammad Ahsanul
Published: June 2019

This paper presents the findings of the vehicle occupant injury severity model, particularly focusing on the collisions involving distracted driving. The study develops a latent segmentation-based logit model for analyzing crash injury severity utilizing police-reported collision data from 2007 to 2011 in Nova Scotia, Canada. A segment allocation model is estimated to capture latent heterogeneity based on individual victims’ and drivers’ profiles, and collision attributes including vehicle type, vehicle trajectory, collision object, and collision type. The segment allocation model results suggest the existence of high-risk and low-risk injury severity segments. This study extensively tests the effects of built environment characteristics. The model results suggest that rain, curved road, freeway, and mid-block collisions aggravate vehicle occupant injury severity; whereas, higher land use mix, longer length of sidewalk, and higher population density mitigate injury severity. Significant heterogeneity is found across the high- and low-risk segments. For instance, straight road alignment is found to yield higher injury severity in the high-risk segment and lower severity in the low-risk segment. Moreover, the model unveils the interplay between built environment and distraction type. Driver distraction by communication device increases injury severity at a curved road intersection. Additionally, distraction because of inattentiveness increases injury severity. The findings of this study assist road safety engineers and planners to identify effective countermeasures and awareness programs for reducing the crash injury severity or consequences for vehicle occupants.
Laboratory Investigation on the Fresh, Mechanical, and Durability Properties of Roller Compacted Concrete Pavement Containing Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Aggregates
Authors: Debbarma Solomon , Singh Surender , R.N. G. D. Ransinchung
Published: June 2019

The present study evaluates the potential and suitability of different fractions of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) for roller compacted concrete pavement (RCCP) mixes. Natural coarse and fine aggregates were replaced, partially and in combination, by coarse RAP, fine RAP, and combined RAP for preparation of RCCP mixes. The considered properties to determine the optimum RAP fraction and its proportion for RCCP were fresh density and water demand, compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, porosity, water absorption, abrasion resistance, and performance in aggressive environments of chloride- and sulfate-rich ions. It was observed that inclusions of all the fractions of RAP considered could reduce the strength related properties of RCCP mixes significantly at all curing ages. However, fine RAP mixes were found to exhibit better strength properties than coarse RAP and combined RAP mixes. It was also observed that none of the RAP mixes could achieve the recommended compressive strength criterion of 27.6 MPa, however, they exhibited enough flexural strength to replace a fraction of conventional aggregates, individually or in combination, for construction using RCCP. In fact, 50% coarse and 50% fine RAP mixes had higher flexural strength than the target laboratory mean strength of 4.3 MPa. Similarly, these mixes were found to have sufficient abrasion resistance and could be included in RCCP (surface course) to be constructed in areas having high concentrations of chloride and sulfate ions. Additionally, the results also indicated that higher proportions of fine RAP may be suggested for RCCP mixes to be laid in sulfatic environments.
Multi-Armed Bandit On-Time Arrival Algorithms for Sequential Reliable Route Selection under Uncertainty
Authors: Zhou Jinkai , Lai Xuebo , Chow Joseph Y. J.
Published: June 2019

Traditionally vehicles act only as servers in transporting passengers and goods. With increasing sensor equipment in vehicles, including automated vehicles, there is a need to test algorithms that consider the dual role of vehicles as both servers and sensors. The paper formulates a sequential route selection problem as a shortest path problem with on-time arrival reliability under a multi-armed bandit setting, a type of reinforcement learning model. A decision-maker has to make a finite set of decisions sequentially on departure time and path between a fixed origin-destination pair such that on-time reliability is maximized while travel time is minimized. The upper confidence bound algorithm is extended to handle this problem. Several tests are conducted. First, simulated data successfully verifies the method, then a real-data scenario is constructed of a hotel shuttle service from midtown Manhattan in New York City providing hourly access to John F. Kennedy International Airport. Results suggest that route selection with multi-armed bandit learning algorithms can be effective but neglecting passenger scheduling constraints can have negative effects on on-time arrival reliability by as much as 4.8% and combined reliability and travel time by 66.1%.
Perceived Overqualification, Boredom, and Extra-Role Behaviors: Testing a Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Kim JeongJin , Park Jiyoung , Sohn Young Woo , Lim Jung In
Published: June 2019

Despite increasing research on the mechanisms that underlie the relation between perceived overqualification (POQ) and extra-role behaviors, the relation’s affective mechanisms have been understudied. In this study, we focus on the role of job boredom among overqualified workers in order to understand two types of extra-role behaviors: counterproductive work behaviors (CWB) and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB). Using a sample of white-collar employees in South Korea ( N = 298), we found that job boredom fully mediated the effects of POQ on CWB and OCB after controlling for the effects of state anger and neuroticism. We additionally examined whether career calling moderates the indirect effects of POQ on CWB and OCB via job boredom and found career calling mitigated the negative indirect effect of POQ on OCB via job boredom. However, career calling did not moderate the positive indirect effect of POQ on CWB. Implications of these findings are discussed.
A computational fluid dynamics investigation of subsonic wing designs for unmanned aerial vehicle application
Authors: Siddiqi Z , Lee JW
Published: June 2019

The wing of an unmanned aerial vehicle, RQ-7 Shadow, is modified to study the changes in the aerodynamics of the wing. The main focus is to investigate the effects of changing the components of wing design when the aircraft climbs and accelerates. These component modifications included changing the airfoil, planform, aspect ratio, and adding a winglet. Another objective is to study the efficacy of employing high-lift airfoils like the EPPLER 559 for subsonic unmanned aerial vehicle applications. For this, five wing designs are considered in this paper. Computational fluid dynamics simulations using ANSYS FLUENT® are conducted for each wing design. The C L /C D ratios for all the wings are calculated at increasing angles of attack (simulating Climbing) and increasing speed (simulating Acceleration). Compared to the NACA 4415 airfoil, which is utilized by the RQ-7 Shadow, the EPPLER 559 provides an increase in lift at the low angles of attack, but yields less of these benefits as the angle of attack increases. The tapered planform significantly reduces the high drag associated with the EPPLER 559 airfoil. The generation of higher lift forces with lower drag is further achieved by increasing the aspect ratio and through the addition of a winglet. When compared to the NACA 4415 airfoil, it is concluded that the EPPLER 559 airfoil is a viable candidate for subsonic unmanned aerial vehicle applications only when the components of wing design are altered. The performance of the wings that employ the EPPLER 559 airfoil improves when the planform is changed from rectangular to tapered, when the aspect ratio is increased and when a winglet is added.