bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching physiology to students of medical psychology faculty in medical university
Authors: Savchuk Tetiana , Tymofiichuk Ivanna
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the features of teaching physiology to students medical universities specializing in "Medical Psychology". From a future doctor - a medical psychologist is needed solid theoretical training in one of the most difficult areas of medicine - neurology and psychiatry. It is with the second year, in physiology lessons, the development of theoretical material begins and the foundations of clinical thinking is necessary already in senior courses, on an internship for successful mastering of knowledge. Medical psychology studies the psychological aspects of a doctor's activities and patient behavior. He studies the mental manifestations of diseases, the role of the psyche in their emergence, course, treatment, as well as in strengthening human health. Relevance of scientific research. The links between psychology and medicine are so close that for psychologists working in this field, medical knowledge is absolutely essential. At the same time, doctors are increasingly aware of the need for psychological knowledge for successful medical work. So, medical psychology is an area of ​​scientific knowledge and an area practical work, which applies equally to medicine and psychology. When developing problemsmedical psychology combines the efforts of psychologists, physiologists and doctors. Relevance of medical psychology is determined by the basic position of medicine that the doctor should treat not the disease, but the patient. Conclusions. Special attention to the teachers of the department is paid to the development of practical skills for solving situational problems, the acquisition skills of checking reflex activity, measuring reflex time. Solving situational problems poses a problem for the future doctor, to teach the student to think clinically and at the same time gives excellent theoretical training.
Clarification of principles of evidence-based medicine when considering issues of rational pharmacotherapy with medical students
Authors: Filipets Natalya , Filipets Olena , Kmet Olga
Published: December 2021

Purpose of the study. Accentuate attention to the need to inform students about the achievements of evidence-based medicine in the field of rational pharmacotherapy when considering issues related to the choice of treatment and prevention of problems associated with taking medicines. Methodology. Descriptive and comparative methods were used in the study. Scientific novelty. The advantages of teaching the basics of pharmacotherapy of pathological processes using evidence-based medicine data for the formation of skills to critically evaluate information of scientific practical and make the right choices for the benefit of the patient. Conclusions. This approach increases the level of competence of medical students in matters of rational pharmacotherapy. Prospects for further research. Analysis of the effectiveness of teaching pharmacotherapy taking into account the results of student questionnaires.
Features of atopic reactivity in children with bronchial asthma
Authors: Myslytska H. , Koloskova O. , Marusyk U. , Stavnichuk O.
Published: December 2021

Bronchial asthma is a chronic disease characterized by reversible airway obstruction with clinical manifestations of recurrent wheezing episodes, airway inflammation, and their hyperreactivity. Timely diagnosis of bronchial asthma in early childhood will allow adequate prescribing therapy and controlled management of patients, which in the future will reduce the risk of serious complications and improve the quality of life of patients.The aim of the study – to identify the influencing factors on the manifestations of atopic reactivity in children with bronchial asthma, depending on the content of IgE specific to house dust antigens in the blood serum, in order to optimize the management of the disease.Material and methods. A comprehensive clinical and paraclinical examination of 79 school-age children with atopic bronchial asthma was carried out in the Regional Children's Clinical Hospital and the City Children's Polyclinic in Chernivtsi. According to the concentration of specific IgE to the house dust allergen, the patients were divided into two clinical groups. The first (I) clinical group included 55 children in whom the concentration of these antibodies in the blood exceeded 3.5 kU / l, the second group (II) consisted of 24 patients in which the level of specific IgE was below this value. According to the main clinical signs, the comparison groups were compared.Results. It was found that the proportion of patients in the first group who had contact with tobacco smoking of their parents was higher than in the comparison group. Constant contact with tobacco smoke, when both parents have this bad habit in the family, increases the likelihood of developing hypersensitivity to house dust in children with asthma by almost 9 times. At the same time, bronchial asthma was more often combined with atopic dermatitis in these patients, while low concentration of specific IgE to house dust was associated with comorbidity of asthma with allergic rhinitis. The risk of moderate to severe bronchial asthma in patients with low IgE levels increases significantly. The probability of developing the phenotypes of late-onset asthma and exercise-induced asthma in children with low concentrations of specific IgE to house dust increases by 3 and 2 times, respectively. The number of schoolchildren with an extremely high concentration of IgE (more than 100 kU/l) to D. Pteronyssinus antigens was twice as high as in the comparison group, and every second patient also had very high levels of antibodies to D. Farinae tick.Conclusion. Children with atopic hypersensitivity to house dust allergens have an increased chance of comorbid bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis, late-onset asthma and physical exertion, asthma is much more severe, which must be taken into account when personalizing specific therapy.
Immunosupressive activity of opportunist pathogens of the infectious-inflammatory process in the urinary tract of men with calculous pyelonephritis
Authors: Sydorchuk L. , Gavrilyuk O. , Deineka S. , Mikheev A. , Sydorchuk R. , Blinder O. , Sydorchuk I.
Published: December 2021

Objective - identification of pathogens of the infectious-inflammatory process of the urinary tract in men with calculous pyelonephritis, antilysozyme, anticomplementary, anti-immunoglobulin activity and inhibitory effect on the phagocytic activity of peripheral blood neutrophils.Material and methods. 34 strains of opportunistic taxa were isolated and identified by bacteriological method from 30 sick men aged 31 to 65 years (mean age 48.8 ± 4.27 years). These bacteria have antilysozyme, anti-complementary and anti-immunoglobulin activity, as well as the suppressive effect of supernatants of cultures of calculous pyelonephritis pathogens on the phagocytic activity of neutrophils in the peripheral blood of patients. The determination of the anti-complementary activity of bacteria was carried out using the principle, which includes testing the protective action of bacteria and their metabolic products against the growth of an indicator strain in the presence of a bactericidal substance (complement of blood serum). The antilysozyme activity of pathogens was investigated by a photometric method. Anti-immunoglobulin activity was studied by the method described in the work of I.S. Gaidash et al. Results. The majority of 27 (79.41%) isolated strains of Enterobacteriaceae (84%) and facultative anaerobic and aerobic gram-positive cocci (E. faecalis, S.saprophyticus) (66.67%) exhibit antilysozyme activity of varying degrees. The highest antilysozyme activity was found in the isolated strains of K. pneumoniae, 8.14% lower – in E. coli. Most (64.71%) of isolated strains of Enterobacteriaceae (68%) and gram-positive cocci (55.56%) from the urinary tract of men with calculous pyelonephritis exhibit anti-complementary activity. All isolated and identified taxa exhibit inhibitory activity against immunoglobulins of the main classes: Ig M, Ig G, and Ig A. K.pneumoniae inhibits immunoglobulins of all major classes, the concentration of Ig M decreases under the influence of this taxon by 22.36%, Ig G - by 26.88% and Ig A - by 19.61%.Conclusions. Opportunistic pathogens (E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis, E. cloaceae, S. marcescens, E. faecalis, S. saprophyticus) of the infectious-inflammatory process of the urinary tract in men with calculous pyelonephritis exhibit different levels of antilysozyme, anti-complementary activity; reduce the function of immunoglobulins Ig G (by 21.60%), Ig A (by 21.49%) and Ig M (by 14.30%), inhibit the phagocytic activity of neutrophilsby 15.74%, their capturing ability- by 22.59%.
The connection between hospital mortality and inflamation markers in COVID-19 patients and ischaemic heart disease
Authors: Tashchuk V. , Nesterovska R. , Kalarash V.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the work to investigate the connection between hospital mortality and markers of systemic inflammation in COVID-19 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD).Material and methods. The data of 52 patients’cases of diseases on COVID-19 with IHD who underwent inpatient treatment were analyzed. The first group included 40 patients who were discharged with recovery, and the second group included 12 patients who died. The degree of systemic inflammation syndrome in the selected groups of patients was estimated by the number of leukocytes and cellular composition of peripheral blood upon admission to the hospital, and based on the data received, the value of hematological integral indices was calculated.Results. It has been established that group II patients who died of cardiovascular complications connected with COVID-19 had significantly higher levels of systemic inflammatory response, which exhibits a significant increase in the total blood white blood cell content and increases in the percentage of neutrophils with a decrease in the percentage of lymphocytes and is substantially higher than the integrated haematological indices: leukocyte shift index, index of the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes and index of the ratio of neutrophils to monocytes. During the systemic inflammatory reaction, it has been observed that the inflammatory process aggravates the coronary atherosclerotic plaque making them more susceptible to rupture. Therefore, we can assume that existing IHD combined with an enhanced inflammatory response can lead to heart damage in patients infected with SARS-CoV- 2.Conclusion. Lymphocytopenia, excessive activation of the inflammatory cascade and heart damage are important features of COVID-19 disease and have high predictive value.
Развитие инновационных процессов в интегрированной промышленной среде
Authors: Тюкавкин Николай , Герасимов Кирилл , Гоман Кирилл
Published: December 2021

В исследовании представлены методы и подходы, актуализирующие развитие интеграционных процессов в интегрированной промышленной среде. Основное внимание сосредоточено на исследовании вопросов, обосновывающих интеграционные структуры для осуществления инновационной деятельности, а также процессам организационно-технологических изменений, при формировании и функционировании инновационных структур, предполагающее их адаптацию к производственной деятельности. Большое внимание в исследовании отводится формированию интеграционных структур, как основной и перспективной формы организации хозяйственной деятельности на современном этапе развития производства. Авторы анализируют характерные особенности и факторы влияния на интеграционные процессы в промышленности, предлагают новые формы интеграции. Отдельное внимание в исследовании уделено формированию кластерно-сетевых структур, являющихся основой развития процессов интеграции и сетевой кооперации в промышленности.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТЕЙ КОМПЛЕКСНОГО ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОННЫХ РЕСУРСОВ ВОИС В ОБЛАСТИ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ОБРАЗЦОВ И ПОДГОТОВКА НЕОБХОДИМЫХ РУКОВОДСТВ ДЛЯ РОССИЙСКИХ ПОЛЬЗОВАТЕЛЕЙ (промежуточный)ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ СЕРВИСОВ ВОИС «E-HAGUE» , «E-RENEWAL» и « E-PAY» И ИХ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПРИ ПОДАЧЕ ЗАЯВКИ НА МЕЖДУНАРОДНУЮ РЕГИСТРАЦИЮ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ОБРАЗЦОВ
Authors: Негуляев Геннадий , Федяева Инна , Грачева Юлия
Published: December 2021

Объектом исследования являются электронные ресурсы и сервисы ВОИС, предоставляемые пользователям Гаагской системы международной регистрации промышленных образцов, и возможности их комплексного использования российскими заявителями.

Целью НИР является повышение активности подачи заявок на международную регистрацию промышленных образцов отечественными заявителями за счет разработки методических пособий и Руководств пользователя, позволяющих более активно использовать электронные ресурсы и сервисы ВОИС.

В результате экспериментальных исследований процедур подачи заявки на международную регистрацию промышленных образцов, продления действия международной регистрации и оплаты регистрационных пошлин и иных сборов в электронном виде с использованием цифрового сервиса ВОИС «eHaguе», включающего два функциональных блока: E-Filing (электронной подачи заявки) и E-Renewal (онлайн - продления действия международной регистрации), а также исследования процедуры онлайн - оплаты пошлин и сборов с использованием электронного сервиса E-Pay получены аналитические материалы, включающие описание пользовательских интерфейсов, состав полей и данных, необходимых для ввода, характеристики форматов записи, способы доступа и т.д. На основе полученных материалов планируется выпуск комплекса Руководств пользователя для русскоязычной аудитории заявителей, что может существенно повлиять на рост активности подачи ими заявок на международную регистрацию промышленных образцов.
Pemilihan Marketplace Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Menggunakan Metode MOORA
Authors: Chaeruddin Sultan , Sukarsih Icih , Respitawulan Respitawulan
Published: December 2021

AbstrakPandemi COVID-19 telah melanda hampir di seluruh dunia. Pandemi ini juga merupakan sebuah masa dimana masyarakat dituntut melaksanakan kebiasaan baru atau dikenal dengan New Normal. Kebiasaan baru ini juga mempengaruhi cara masyarakat dalam berbelanja khususnya berbelanja di marketplace. Dengan memilih marketplace yang tepat maka masyarakat atau konsumen dapat memenuhi kebutuhan seperti produk kesehatan dan rumah tangga yang paling dicari di masa pandemi. Metode Multi Objective Optimization on The Basis of Ratio Analysis atau MOORA adalah salah satu metode dari Multi Attribute Decision Making. Metode MOORA dapat digunakan untuk menentukan rekomendasi marketplace di masa pandemi COVID-19. Hasil yang diharapkan adalah diperoleh alternatif terbaik berdasarkan penilaian masyarakat dan perhitungan menggunakan metode MOORA sehingga dapat terlihat pula perilaku konsumen di masa pandemi dan menjadi masukkan bagi perusahaan marketplace di masa yang akan datang.Kata kunci - Pandemi COVID-19; Marketplace; MOORAThe COVID-19 pandemic has hit almost all over the world. This pandemic is also a period when people are required to carry out new habits, known as the New Normal. This new habit also affects the way people shop, especially shopping in the marketplace. By choosing the right marketplace, the community or consumers can meet needs such as health and household products that are most sought after during a pandemic. The Multi Objective Optimization method on The Basis of Ratio Analysis or MOORA is one of the methods of Multi Attribute Decision Making. The MOORA method can be used to determine marketplace recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic. The expected result is that the best alternative is obtained based on community assessment and calculations using the MOORA method so that consumer behavior can also be seen during the pandemic and become input for marketplace companies in the future.
Implementasi Metode Promethee dalam Penentuan Penerima Bantuan Zakat pada Mahasiswa
Authors: Aprilia Rima , Widyasari Rina
Published: December 2021

During the payment of a single tuition fee (UKT) every semester, students are always faced with the problem of outstanding students but unable to pay tuition fees. Therefore, the university provides a solution to give zakat obtained from lecturers to outstanding and underprivileged students through the selection process. So far, the student selection process is still done manually, not using a system or program. So that the distribution of educational aid recipients (zakat) is considered not on target. This will certainly be a continuous problem of injustice, especially now that we have entered the digital era 4.0, all processes use a digital system. The provision of educational fund assistance in the form of zakat must be based on established rules, in this case the rules are in the form of established criteria, namely student IP, parental income, number of siblings, number of dependents of parents, semester, and others. The purpose of this study is to test whether the Promethee method is a method that can solve these problems. In addition, this research also forms a flow chart for selecting recipients of educational assistance using the Promethee method. The results of this study indicate that the problem of determining recipients of zakat assistance by students can be solved using the PROMETHEE method. Promethee (Preference Ranking Organization for Enrichment Evaluation), This method is appropriate for determining recipients of zakat assistance.
Aplikasi Perbaikan Akta Kelahiran Dan SMS Gateway Berbasis Web Pada Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Karawang
Authors: Gunawan Rahmat , Yusuf Arif Maulana , Nasrudin Nasrudin
Published: December 2021

Perkembangan teknologi informasi yang sangat berkembang pesat mampu memberikan dampak yang cukup besar bagi semua sektor, tidak terkecuali sektor pemerintahan dalam bidang pelayanan publik. Dinas kependudukan dan pencatatan sipil kabupaten karawang, Disdukcatpil Karawang dalam proses perbaikan akta kelahiran kesulitan mendata permohonan perbaikan akta kelahiran yang jatuh tempo pada saat pengambilan, karena proses pendataan perbaikan masih dilakukan manual, tidak hanya itu ketika permohonan perbaikan di pending oleh pejabat terkait petugas kesulitan memberikan informasi kepada pemohon apa saja yang harus di lengkapi. Dari permasalahan tersebut penulis mengajukan solusi untuk memperbaiki sistem perbaikan akta kelahiran pada Disdukcatpil karawang menjadi terkomputerisasi dan terintegrasi dengan SMS Gateway, sehingga masalah yang terjadi dapat teratasi dengan baik dan dapat meningkatkan mutu pelayanan perbaikan akta kelahiran. Perancangan perbaikan akta kelahiran ini meliputi pendataan pemohon, pendataan permohonan, SMS Gateway, serta pembuatan laporan, diharapkan dengan sistem ini dapat memperbaiki kekurangan yang sering terjadi.
What has time to do with risk? A preliminary communication
Authors: Parkin Robyn
Published: December 2021

The reliability of risk techniques is of concern to academics and practitioners: if techniques are not reliable in their design, they cannot give reliable results.

This paper briefly discusses risk velocity, which is a way of providing specificity to an understanding of risk through applying time as a lens. The research is a preliminary communication from initial Masters research. Risk velocity has been identified in the limited literature as being divided into three sections: time to cause, time to impact, and time to recover; each of which can assist an organisation to better understand their risk landscape and how risks link with business continuity planning.

However, risk velocity has been the subject of limited research to validate the concept and reliability in practice, suggesting this a ‘white space’ meriting investigation (Cherry, 2010).
Applied aspects of accounting the principle of the rule of law in system analysis and simulation of the state system of Ukraine
Authors: Obolentsev V.F.
Published: December 2021

The rule of law is a fundamental principle of the legal sphere. Its assertion in the state institutions of democratic countries is an outstanding achievement of mankind. The implementation of this principle is the basis of civil society and civil liberties.

The rule of law is the supremacy of law in society. The rule of law provides for its implementation in law-making and law enforcement activities. The manifestation of the rule of law is that the law is not limited to legislation as one of its forms, but also includes other social regulators (norms of morality, traditions, customs, etc., which are legitimized by society). All these elements of law are united by a quality that corresponds to ideology of justice – the idea of law, which is largely implemented in the Constitution of Ukraine.

The first problem for the implementation of the principle of law in Ukraine is that this principle has not yet received the proper normative consolidation and official interpretation. The second problem is its extension to socio-economic rights and social benefits. The third problem is the insufficient level of legality in our state.

The aim of the paper is to establish the peculiarities of implementation of the principle of the rule of law at the present stage of development of scientific and technological progress. The task of the paper is to investigate the peculiarities of implementation of the rule of law in the application of information and analytical technologies of system engineering in the legal sphere.

In accordance with the experience of using information-analytical technologies of system engineering in the legal sphere, the paper outlines the peculiarities of implementation of the principle of the rule of law in the system analysis and modeling of the state system of Ukraine. The principle of the rule of law must be taken into account in such modeling as "governing circumstance". That is the resource according to which the state system of Ukraine functions.

Our preliminary works give grounds to assert that information and analytical technologies of systems engineering are also a promising methodological tool for studying the principles of state building. The principle of the rule of law is the cornerstone of building a democratic state governed by the rule of law in Ukraine. Three years ago, scholars moved away from identifying the rule of law with the law-creating instruments.
Administrative services in the sphere of economic competition
Authors: Kozhevnikov V.O.
Published: December 2021

The article considers the issues of administrative services provided by the bodies of the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine and other bodies of public administration in the field of application of the legislation on protection of economic competition.

The range of subjects of public services in the field of application of the legislation on protection of economic competition to which it is offered to carry bodies of the Antimonopoly committee of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and the Ministry of Economy of Ukraine is defined.

The list of services provided by the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine is determined. These include:

1) granting permission for concentration;

2) granting permission to coordinate actions;

3) issuance of additional copies of certified copies of decisions on issues provided for in part two of Article 34 of the Law of Ukraine "On Protection of Economic Competition";

4) preliminary conclusions on the qualification of actions (Article 14 of the Law of Ukraine "On Protection of Economic Competition");

5) preliminary conclusions on concentration, concerted actions.

It is proposed to extend the provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On Administrative Services" to services provided by the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine insofar as it does not contradict the legislation on protection of economic competition. Proposals have been developed to amend the Regulations on the procedure for submitting applications to the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine for prior obtaining a permit for concentration of economic entities in terms of clarifying the subjects of application for a concentration permit. Administrative services of the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine are service activities of the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine defined by normative legal acts aimed at meeting the private needs (interests) of business entities in the field of legal relations arising in connection with the application of legislation on protection of economic competition. related to the protection of their legitimate rights and interests). The administrative service of the bodies of the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine is provided exclusively on the basis of the application of the relevant business entity. Based on the results of the administrative service, the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine provides the subject of the application with an administrative act (permit) or a document.
Reforming Constitutional Justice in Ukraine
Authors: Volska I.V.
Published: December 2021

This article is swamped by the reform of the constitutional justice, which is envisaged by the strategy of development of the system of justice and constitutional justice for 2021 - 2023. The Constitutional Court of Ukraine is a body of constitutional jurisdiction, which provides the rule of the Constitution of Ukraine, solves the issue of the constitution of the Constitution of Ukraine, the laws of Ukraine and in the Constitution provided by the Constitution of other acts, carries out an official interpretation of the Constitution of Ukraine, as well as other powers in accordance with the Constitution of Ukraine.

Independent and impartial constitutional legal proceedings are a guarantee of sustainable development of society and the state, a guarantee of observance of human rights and freedoms and citizens, rights and legitimate interests of legal entities, interests of the state, the growth of welfare and quality of life, creating an effective and equitable solution to legal disputes on the principles of the rule of law.

It is analyzed how the procedure for the selection of judges of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and its legal status will change. The result of the strategy should be effective constitutional justice, which will ensure a fair consideration of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, the adoption of substantiated decisions and conclusions. Judges of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine should be virtuous lawyers with a recognized level of professional competence and have high moral qualities, remaining free of any political influence and accountable only to society.

The state should ensure the independence and integrity of judges of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, including through sufficient funding and creating proper conditions for the Constitutional Court of Ukraine.
Types of constitutional responsibilities of man and citizen in Ukraine and in the European Union
Authors: Hretsa S.M.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the range of responsibilities of man and citizen in Ukraine and the European Union, the formation of an approach to their classification. The following range of human responsibilities in the EU have been identified: equality between women and men in terms of pay; non-discrimination; respect for human dignity; receiving compulsory education; completion of compulsory school education. The following range of responsibilities of an EU citizen has been identified: to perform military service in relation to one of the EU member states; to be registered as conscripts in one of the EU member states. Such a range of human responsibilities has been established in Ukraine (strict observance of the Constitution of Ukraine and laws of Ukraine; non-encroachment on the rights and freedoms, honor and dignity of others; responsibilities in marriage and family; parents are obliged to maintain children until they reach adulthood adult children are obliged to take care of their disabled parents; to obtain a complete general secondary education; not to harm nature, cultural heritage; to compensate for damages; to pay taxes and fees in the manner and amount prescribed by law) and the duties of a citizen of Ukraine (protection of the Fatherland, independence and territorial integrity of Ukraine; respect for the state symbols of Ukraine). According to these criteria, the responsibilities of man and citizen are classified into the following groups: criterion "subject": 1) human responsibilities; 2) responsibilities of a citizen; by the criterion of "form of implementation": 1) individual; 2) collective; by the criterion of "content": 1) economic; 2) social; 3) cultural; 4) political; 5) others; according to the criterion of "source" of consolidation: 1) enshrined in the founding treaties of the EU; 2) enshrined in international (additional) EU agreements with international organizations and other countries; 3) enshrined in regulations, directives, recommendations; conclusions; 4) contained in the decision of the Court of Justice, the conclusions of the Court of Justice; 5) contained in the national legislation of the EU member states, third countries; 6) according to the criterion of the circle of subjects in relation to which they are assigned: 1) in relation to other people; 2) in relation to the world community; 3) in relation to future generations.
Theoretical approaches to the definition and legal regulation of artificial intelligence
Authors: Kornieieva S.R.
Published: December 2021

This article is devoted to the analysis of approaches to the legal regulation of artificial intelligence. At present time, issues of regulation of artificial intelligence and its impact on the exercise and protection of human rights are being at the stage of active development in the studies of scholars, mainly from European countries, and are less covered in scientific studies of scholars in Ukraine and other countries of the former Soviet Union. Given the trends of rapid development of artificial intelligence technologies, it can be presumed, that in the nearest future this topic will become the focus of many scholars in jurisprudence. In order to determine the place of artificial intelligence technologies in the legal system, it was conducted a general analysis of approaches to the legal regulation of this technology.

     The analysis provides the review of the structure of legal regulation on the example of scientific developments and conclusions of the Council of Europe, as well as provides alternative approaches to definition of the subject-object nature of the concept of "artificial intelligence". Some scholars suggest legal regulation of "artificial intelligence" as an object of legal relations which is fully made and controlled by human. Other scholars suggest that "artificial intelligence" should be given subjective legal capacity, considering it as an autonomous and capable of taking responsibility for its own actions. The article provides the analysis the basis and possible consequences of the implementation of these two approaches in legal systems. The article also covers the rights and responsibilities of developers, owners and people who use artificial intelligence. The article partially covers the hybrid model of legal relations, in which part of public relations is exercised without human being.

     It also defines the positive and negative consequences of the application of the approaches proposed by scholars.

     The author emphasizes the low amount of studies concerning legal approaches and the lack of unified approach that could be applied in practice.
Lo sagrado en lo cotidiano: la ceremonia del té en Japón
Authors: Fernández Gómez Rosa
Published: December 2021

Las circunstancias actuales que estamos viviendo a nivel global nos han llevado a revalorizar el contacto con nuestra realidad cotidiana. Al mismo tiempo constatamos cómo los rituales han ido desapareciendo y vamos sintiendo, por ello, una cierta desazón y desubicación, también en el día a día. El texto se propone en este sentido ilustrar mediante un acercamiento a la ceremonia del té japonesa cómo es posible sacralizar mediante la ritualización una experiencia cotidiana básica como es la de tomar té en compañía. Para ello, se realiza una detallada aproximación histórico-filosófica, distinguiéndose los dos grandes tipos de ceremonia que se dieron en el Japón medieval (siglos XV-XVI). Tras este repaso, se concluirá poniendo de manifiesto la dimensión del servicio, el sentido de la pertenencia a una colectividad y la sensación de estar vivo como los principales beneficios y valores de esta práctica inspirada en el budismo zen.
Jabalíes, cerdos y ritualidad en el Japón Pre y Protohistórico
Authors: Muñoz Fernández Irene M.
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo analiza el papel de los suidos en la ritualidad protohistórica japonesa, tomando como base la aparición de una serie de restos óseos de estos animales en contextos rituales y/o con indicios de consumo ritual, especialmente en los periodos Jōmon (ca. 10,500-300 a.n.e.) y Yayoi (1,000-900 a.n.e.-250-300 d.n.e.),.
            Pero antes de entrar de lleno en la problemática de estos ejemplares, es necesario realizar una retrospectiva del papel de dichos animales en el archipiélago japonés desde la Prehistoria, así como de la propia domesticación del cerdo en el continente asiático y su difusión por Asia Oriental hasta llegar a las islas japonesas. A este respecto, hay que tener en cuenta que existen tres ámbitos de estudio diferenciado en lo referente a los suidos en el archipiélago japonés: Hokkaidō, el archipiélago de las Ryūkyū y las islas de Kyūshū  Honshū y Shikoku.
Optimisation of Modelling of Finite Element Differential Equations with Modern Art Design Theory
Authors: Liu Fugen , Zhang Tenghao , Alghazzawi Daniyal M. , Soltan Mohamed Abdeldayem Ahmed
Published: December 2021

A bridge structure is one of the most expressive forms of art design. The artistic expression of bridge structure combines different concepts of structural design and architectural art design. Finite element differential equations are widely used in bridge art design theory and based on these features, the paper adopts the bridge modal parameter recognition algorithm and uses the finite element model to modify and realise the bridge's artistic design. The simulation results show the feasibility of the author's attempt to use the finite element differential equation as the bridge structure art design carrier. After the finite element differential equation modelling, the bridge art structure correction is highly consistent with the experimental results.
The academization of the health professions in Austria: facts and figures / Akademisierung der Gesundheitsberufe in Österreich: Zahlen und Fakten
Authors: Mériaux-Kratochvila Silvia
Published: December 2021

Dieser Beitrag stellt die Ausbildungssystematik der Gesundheitsberufe in Österreich vor sowie die Ausgangssituation für deren Akademisierung. Er zeigt weiter die förderlichen und hinderlichen Faktoren auf, die zum heutigen Status quo geführt haben. Aktuelle Zahlen geben einen Überblick zur statistischen Entwicklung; ein Fazit zieht eine insgesamt positive Bilanz zum Prozess und Stand der Akademisierung der Gesundheitsberufe in Österreich. Für die konsequente Umsetzung des gesamten Bologna-Zyklus’ mit konsekutivem Master und der Möglichkeit zum PhD für die Gesundheitsberufe sind aber noch wesentliche Schritte zu gehen. Dieser Artikel basiert auf dem Vortrag mit dem gleichen Titel gehalten am VFWG-Symposium «Bachelor-Studiengänge in Österreich und der Schweiz: Modelle für die Therapie- und Pflegeberufe in Deutschland?» vom 8. September 2021.
Thoughts on law, money, spirit and headwinds in academization in Switzerland / (K)Ein Wunschkind, das Karriere macht - Gedanken zu Gesetz, Geld, Geist und Gegenwind bei der Akademisierung in der Schweiz
Authors: Sottas Beat
Published: December 2021

Dieser Beitrag stellt die Akademisierung der Gesundheitsberufe in der Schweiz im historischen und politischen Kontext dar. Damalige und immer noch angeführte Pro- und Contra-Argumente zur Akademisierung werden aufgeführt. Ein Eins-zu-Eins-Vergleich mit Deutschland ist nicht möglich, aber einige Reflexionspunkte lassen sich für das Formulieren von Strategien nutzen: Aufgabenverteilung zwischen Mediziner/-innen und Therapie- und Pflegeberufen; politischer Wille mit Visionen für die Verbindung von Bildungs- und Gesundheitswesen, finanzielle Anreize mit Zielvorgaben. Aber auch die Fachhochschulen und Beruf(sverbände) müssen ihren Beitrag leisten. Dieser Artikel basiert auf dem Vortrag mit dem gleichen Titel gehalten am VFWG-Symposium «Bachelor-Studiengänge in Österreich und der Schweiz: Modelle für die Therapie- und Pflegeberufe in Deutschland?» vom 8. September 2021.
Efficiency and equity – The Swedish economy in comparison to other countries at the beginning of the 21st century
Authors: Czarny Bogusław , Czarny Elżbieta
Published: December 2021

Referring to economic ideals of efficiency and equity, we are comparing the state of the Swedish economy in the early 21st century to the situation in other countries, especially the other Nordic countries, the United States (US), and Poland. After presenting the basic facts about Nordic countries we examine the issue of economic efficiency. In addition to gross domestic product (GDP) we use the Human Development Index (HDI), the findings of the economics of happiness, and the number of registered triadic patent families as measures of efficiency. Then we analyze the issue of equity. We use the Gini coefficient, the extent of poverty, the level of unemployment, and the level of intergenerational mobility of earnings as measures of equity.

The analysis reveals that inhabitants of Sweden and the other Nordic countries have been achieving some of the best economic results in the world. This applies to the level of GDP per capita in these countries, to the capability of inhabitants to utilize their full potential, and to their life satisfaction. These countries’ ability to create innovation is impressive. At the same time, Nordics have successfully reduced the scale of social inequalities and ensured relatively equal opportunities for all citizens. This is evidenced by low income inequality, low unemployment, and low poverty rate in these countries.

Sweden and the other Nordic countries are superior to the US both in terms of efficiency and equity. Poland, on the other hand, lags far behind Nordics, as well as the US, in terms of efficiency, as exemplified by the relatively low GDP per capita and very low innovation in Poland. In terms of equity, however, Poland loses to Nordics but seems to win to the US.
Effect of water quality on the spatial distribution of charophytes in the Peshawar Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Khuram Izaz , Ahmad Nadeem , Barinova Sophia
Published: December 2021

The presented research was conducted in 2018–2019 in the Peshawar Valley, Pakistan, to study for the first time the effect of water quality on the spatial distribution of charophytes. A total of six taxa of charophytes were found at 41 sites in the Peshawar Valley along the banks of seven rivers, 16 streams and two wetlands:Chara brauniiC.C.Gmelin,C. connivensSalzmann ex A. Braun,C. contrariaA. Braun ex Kützing,C. globularisThuiller,C. vulgarisLinnaeus, andNitellopsis obtusa(Desvaux) J. Groves.Chara vulgariswas the most abundant species, followed byC. globularis, andC. contraria. Water pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity and dissolved oxygen (DO) were within the permissible limits for Pakistan, while water temperature, oxidation reduction potential (ORP) and resistivity showed deviations. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) revealed that DO affectedChara vulgaris,pH and resistivity affectedC. braunii, C. connivensandC. globularis, temperature and ORP affectedC. contrariaandNitellopsis obtusa.Furthermore, CCA showed that TDS, EC, and salinity had no effect on the spatial distribution ofChara contraria,C. vulgarisandNitellopsis obtusa.Chara contrariaandNitellopsis obtusashould be protected under VU (Vulnerable) status (IUCN) along with their habitats.
Tunisian inland water microflora as a source of phycobiliproteins and biological activity with beneficial effects on human health
Authors: Gharbi Khaled , Fathalli Afef , Essid Rym , Fassatoui Chiheb , Romdhane Mohamed Salah , Limam Ferid , Rejeb Jenhani Amel Ben
Published: December 2021

Ten monoclonal microalgal cultures were obtained from several Tunisian inland water bodies, and their dichloromethane and methanolic extracts were screened for antibacterial, antileishmanial, and antioxidant properties, as well as phycobiliprotein production capacity. Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii has been shown to synthesize high levels of phycocyanin and may be an effective alternative source to other sources used for commercial production of phycocyanin. Chroococcus sp. and Leptolyngbya sp1. exhibited the strongest radical scavenging activity against DPPH (IC50 = 212.15 and 263.91 μg ml−1, respectively), indicating their promising potential for use as new effective and non-toxic antioxidants. Furthermore, Dunaliella sp. showed an interesting antileishmanial activity against the pathogens Leishmania infantum and Leishmania major (IC50 = 151 and 284 μg ml−1, respectively), thus representing a good candidate for use against cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis in Tunisia, a country endemic to these diseases where thousands of new cases are registered every year. These results suggest that the strains of microalgae featured in this work have the potential to serve as natural alternative, safe and sustainable sources of high value-added products that could be used to improve the final biomass value.
Growth pattern, mortality and reproductive biology of common sole,Solea solea(Linneaus, 1758), in the Sea of Marmara, Turkey
Authors: Kahraman Abdullah Ekrem , Yıldız Taner , Uzer Uğur , Çanak Özgür
Published: December 2021

The study deals with the growth pattern, mortality, and reproduction of common sole,Solea solea(Linneaus, 1758), from the Sea of Marmara (Turkey). A total of 580 fish specimens were sampled monthly from October 2017 to September 2018. The total length of all sampled individuals ranged from 11.1 to 29.5 cm, corresponding to ages from 1 to 3 years. The length–weight relationship was expressed as W = 0.022 TL2.6838, where the slope indicated negative allometric growth. Growth parameters wereL∞= 33.7 cm,k= 0.48, andt0= −0.18 for all samples. A seasonally oscillating growth model, indicating the amplitude of oscillations, revealed an important seasonal growth pattern. Total, natural, and fishing mortality rates were calculated as 1.42, 0.47, and 1.01, respectively. The exploitation ratio (E = 0.68) indicates that the fishing pressure on the common sole in the Sea of Marmara was high. The sex ratio (♀/♂) was 1.18. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) for females showed that two main spawning seasons were observed: one in spring (May) and one in autumn (September–October). Sizes at the onset of sexual maturity were estimated for both females and males at 21.6 and 18.6 cm, respectively.
THE THREAT OF DISEASE ON FEMALE IDENTITY
IN EMILE ZOLA’S NOVELS
Authors: DAVID Irina
Published: December 2021

Disease and its effect on the body and personal autonomy, as well as its influence on the
social position of the diseased person, are among the key themes in the novels of the 19th
century French writer Émile Zola. When it comes to female characters, illness has a
multifold impact, having both physical and psychological effects, erasing in extreme cases
female identity itself. The aim of this article is to offer insights into how sickness is depicted
as a menace that leaves female characters deprived of any power they might have by
affecting their appearance, which is the main indicator of their social identity and the key
instrument they can use to establish and maintain relationships, and by taking away their
ability to control themselves and how they are seen by others.
DIONYSIA JAMZADIAE (PRIMULACEAE), A NEW SPECIES FROM THE FARS PROVINCE OF IRAN
Authors: Lidén M. , Irvine M. , Alvén A. , Mehregan I.
Published: December 2021

Dionysia jamzadiae Lidén, M.Irvine, Alvén & Mehregan, from the east Zagros Mountains, Fars, Iran, is described as new to science. It belongs in section Dionysiopsis and is similar to D. oreodoxa Bornm. but differs in, for example, its sparsely glandular hairy or almost glabrous corolla with emarginated lobes (densely non-glandular pubescent with entire lobes in D. oreodoxa). Dionysia jamzadiae is known from two places and is quite abundant at the type locality.
Некоторые трудности вьетнамских студентов при изучении формул русского речевого этикета
Authors: Одинцова М. В. , Назаренко А. А. , Лыонг Ба Винь
Published: December 2021

В статье представлен сопоставительный анализ речевых формул двух контактирующих языков, рассмотрен ряд отличий русского и вьетнамского речевого этикета. Проведен анализ типичных ошибок, возникающих в речи вьетнамских студентов вследствие межъязыковой интерференции. Выявлены следующие факторы влияния родного языка на русский: несовпадение ряда речевых клише, наличие местоимений вьетнамского языка, происходящих от терминов родства и определяющих выбор формы обращения на русском языке, национальная форма обращения, неиспользование сослагательного наклонения во вьетнамском языке в прагматических целях для выражения желания, вопроса, совета.
Основные факторы изменений в сфере духовно-ценностных ориентиров в культуре коренных народов Дальнего Востока России в XIX–XXI вв.
Authors: Гвоздев Р. В.
Published: December 2021

Период XIX–XXI вв. для коренных народов Дальнего Востока – время коренных изменений в области собственной культуры и идентичности. Эти перемены не могли не затронуть духовно-ценностных ориентиров аборигенных этносов. Из полностью самостоятельных этнических групп в этот период они превратились в часть большого многонационального государства, с принципиально отличной духовной сферой, социальным устройством. Кроме того, за указанный период, само государство, в состав которого вошли дальневосточные народы, также претерпевало масштабные, подчас революционные, трансформации во всех сферах. Мы попытались проанализировать основные аспекты данного процесса и обозначить роль факторов, повлиявших на трансформации в области духовно-ценностных ориентиров в культуре коренных дальневосточных народов. К таковым факторам мы относим воздействие государства, христианизации и иной модели социального устройства восточных славян.
Военные аспекты заключения Нерчинского договора в 1689 г.
Authors: Багрин Е. А.
Published: December 2021

В статье, на основе документальных источников, рассматривается военное противостояние русских и маньчжуров в Нерчинске в 1689 г. во время ведения переговоров об установлении русско-китайской границы. В исследовании приведены подробные данные о военной «игре» обеих сторон, призванной оказать давление на оппонента, не доводя до открытого военного конфликта. Сделан вывод о том, что посол Ф.А. Головин эффективно реализовал потенциал своих сил, нивелировав численное преимущество войск империи Цин.