bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Platelet Activating Factor Antagonists
Authors: Summers James B. , Davidsen Steven K. , Sheppard George S.
Published: September 2022

Platelet Activating Factor (PAF) is a D-glycerol-derived phospholipid which is a potent endogenous mediator of inflammation. PAF is synthesized and released by a variety of cell types and elicits its biological activity by interacting with specific G-protein coupled receptors found on platelets, neutrophils, and other inflammatory cells. The physiological consequences of the interaction of PAF with its receptor includes an increase in vascular permeability, hypotension, bronchoconstriction, and platelet and neutrophil aggregation. These biological effects are consistent with the concept that PAF is involved in a number of inflammatory diseases such as septic shock and asthma. Given the potent pathophysiological effects of PAF, a great deal of effort has been focused on the discovery of agents which block the action of PAF at its receptor. Within the past 10 years, a wide range of structures have
been identified as PAF antagonists. These include not only PAF analogs, but also antagonists derived from natural products as well as non-lipid synthetic compounds. Several theories have been proposed to unify these diverse structural classes, but sophisticated molecular models of the receptor have not been widely employed. The discovery of new PAF antagonists has relied heavily on traditional medicinal chemistry approaches. A number of PAF antagonists have advanced to clinical evaluation. While several early compounds demonstrated efficacy in animal models of asthma they have failed to provide benefit for this condition in man. The current generation of potent antagonists are being evaluated as therapies for sepsis, pancreatitis and other disorders.
Various Aspects of Fasting on the Biodistribution of Radiopharmaceuticals
Authors: Ahmadpour Sajjad , Habibi Mohammad Amin , Hosseinimehr Seyed Jalal
Published: September 2022

It is demonstrated that fasting can alter the biodistribution of radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine.
Various studies have highlighted that fasting is interpreted to be easy for physicians during PET study, fasting is one
of the most important factors determining the usefulness of this protocol. It is well documented that fasting can suppress
normal 18F-FDG PET uptake during nuclear cardiology. However, there is no consensus about the usefulness of
fasting on radiopharmaceuticals, especially on 18F-FDG in PET imaging, but special attention should be paid to the
setting of the fasting duration. Nevertheless, it does seem we still need extensive clinical studies in the future. The
present study aims to review the various aspects of fasting, especially metabolic alteration on radiopharmaceutical
biodistribution. In this study, we focused more on the effect of fasting on 18F-FDG biodistribution, which alters its
imaging contrast in cardiology and cancer imaging. Therefore, shifting substrate metabolism from glucose to free
fatty acids during fasting can be an alternative approach to suppress physiological myocardial uptake.
A Critical Review on Phytosomes: Advancement and Research on Emerging
Nanotechnological Tools
Authors: Dodle Trishala , Mohanty Dibyalochan , Tripathy Bichitrananda , Panigrahy Asit Baran , Sirikonda Swapna , Kumar LadiAlik , Kumar Chembeti Praveen , Gobinath Manavalan , Patro Chandra Sekhar , Bakshi Vasudha , Maharana Padmanava
Published: September 2022

The limiting restrictions for any chemical to pass through cellular membranes and be absorbed systematically after oral or topical administration are the molecular size and lipid solubility. Herbal materials are used to make Phytosomes, a new drug delivery method that is easy to make and has a high absorption profile. The pharmacological profile of the drug is also excellent. Due to low lipid solubility and insufficient molecular size, many plant extracts are unable to attain the needed therapeutic value. To penetrate lipid membranes and shield them from germs and digestive enzymes, phytosomes are made utilising phospholipids predominantly phosphatidylcholine, which has improved bioavailability. A comprehensive literature search of PUBMED, ScienceDirect, SCOPUS and MEDLINE databases yielded the following results: the production procedure, commercial formulations, and medicinal uses are all documented. Phytosomal preparation and drug release behaviour, as well as their applications, are discussed in this review. We've included new information on phytosomal research advancements. The phyto-phospholipid complexes also came up for discussion. To administer powerful and/or unstable medications, the phytosomal drug delivery method may be extremely successful due to the enhanced bioavailability and ease of absorption. According to the findings of this study, the researchers are encouraged to transmit their expertise from labs to the marketplace to further improve these items.
Thyroidectomy and PTU-Induced Hypothyroidism: Effect of L-Thyroxine
on Suppression of Spatial and Non-Spatial Memory Related Signaling
Molecules
Authors: Alzoubi Karem , Alkadhi Karim
Published: September 2022

Background:

The calcium/calmodulin protein kinase II (CaMKII) signaling cascade
is crucial for hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. Hypothyroidism impairs hippocampus-
dependent learning and memory in adult rats, which can be prevented by simple replacement
therapy with L-thyroxine (thyroxine, T4) treatment. In this study, we compared animal models of
hypothyroidism induced by thyroidectomy and treatment with propylthiouracil (PTU) in terms of
synaptic plasticity and the effect on underlying molecular mechanisms of spatial and non-spatial
types of memory.

Methods:

Hypothyroidism was induced using thyroidectomy or treatment with propylthiouracil
(PTU). L-thyroxin was used as replacement therapy. Synaptic plasticity was evaluated using in
vivo electrophysiological recording. Training in the radial arm water maze (RAWM), where rats
had to locate a hidden platform, generated spatial and non-spatial learning and memory. Western
blotting measured signaling molecules in the hippocampal area CA1 area.

Results:

Our findings show that thyroidectomy and PTU models are equally effective, as indicated
by the identical plasma levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and T4. The two models
produced an identical degree of inhibition of synaptic plasticity as indicated by depression of
long-term potentiation (LTP). For non-spatial memory, rats were trained to swim to a visible
platform in an open swim field. Analysis of hippocampal area CA1 revealed that training, on
both mazes, of control and thyroxine-treated hypothyroid rats, produced significant increases in
the P-calcium calmodulin kinase II (P-CaMKII), protein kinase-C (PKC), calcineurin and calmodulin
protein levels, but the training failed to induce such increases in untreated thyroidectomized
rats.

Conclusion:

Thyroxine therapy prevented the deleterious effects of hypothyroidism at the molecular
level.
Environmental Monitoring and Management
Authors: Subha C. , A.K. Priya , R. Kalaimani , V. Sivakumar
Published: September 2022

Clean and healthy environmental maintenance is very important for
sustainable development. Prevention and reduction of pollution, and reuse, and
recycling of materials are some of the best practices of environmental management.
Environmental monitoring is a systematic method of sampling air, water, soil and biota
and assessing their quality and characteristics. The environmental monitoring process
includes establishing a baseline of exposure, correlating with contamination source,
estimating concentration changes of pollutants and extracting the information from
collected data. This information can be used as input for the design of treatment plants;
to check for compliance with standards, preventive measures of hazards, etc., the
monitoring methods are categorized as ground-based sampling and measurements, a
simulation model-based monitoring, and satellite monitoring. Ground-based monitoring
provides accurate results, whereas simulation models give prior information about the
prediction of pollutant levels, and satellite monitoring details environmental quality
over a greater areal extend. Monitoring can also be subdivided into source and ambient
environmental monitoring. IoT-based smart environmental monitoring is gaining more
attraction nowadays with the advent of technology. It makes the labor-intensive process
a simple one. The chapter explains the different IoT components/architectures of
monitoring various applications related to air, water, and soil quality. Application of
IoT is not only limited to the Sestriere sources but also monitoring of forest fires,
analysis, and prediction of climate change patterns, early warning systems of natural
disasters, monitoring levels of snowfall, etc.
THE INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE MEDIATED BY JOB SATISFACTION AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT
Authors:   Master of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Wua Injilia Wulan Gratia , Noermijati Noermijati ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Yuniarinto Agung ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Brawijaya
Published: September 2022

The digital era is now making competition between companies increasingly competitive. Companies need to pay attention to and improve the performance of existing human resources to be able to compete. This research aims to test and analyze the direct and indirect influence between organizational culture and employee performance with the mediator variable, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. The quantitative analysis was used in this research, and there were 112 employees of Bank SulutGo of Manado Main Branch Office as the samples were collected through questionnaires. Furthermore, the analytical instrument to analyze these data was Smart PLS 3.0. The results showed that organizational culture has a direct and significant influence on employee performance. Organizational culture has a direct and significant influence on job satisfaction. Organizational culture has a direct and significant influence on organizational commitment. Organizational commitment has a direct and significant influence on employees' performance. Job satisfaction has a direct and significant influence on employees' performance. Job satisfaction influences organizational commitment. However, organizational commitment is the one that has the biggest influence on improving employee performance. Moreover, job satisfaction and organizational commitment can mediate the relationship between organizational culture and employee performance with partial mediation. The results of this study will help companies to improve employee performance, so that companies can compete in digital era.
STIMULUS-ORGANISM-RESPONSE (S-O-R) MODEL APPLICATION IN EXAMINING THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING ON PURCHASE DECISIONS IN THE HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF BRAND TRUST
Authors:   International Business Management, School of Business and Management, Universitas Ciputra Surabaya, Indonesia, Vidyanata Deandra
Published: September 2022

Social media has revolutionized the traditional marketing paradigm, where traditional marketing communication is usually regarded as a one-way relationship between service providers and consumers. The purchase decision is the final stage of a complex consumer decision-making process. which can be influenced by various marketing stimulus, one of which is Social Media Marketing activities. Heretofore, there is no certainty regarding the extent to which the effectiveness of Social Media Marketing affects purchase decisions, especially in the healthcare industry. This study employs The Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) Model to explain the role of Brand Trust (O) in mediating the influence of Social Media Marketing activities (S) on Purchase Decision (R) in the healthcare industry. The sampling technique used in this study is purposive sampling. The results of this study show that Social Media Marketing cannot directly affect purchase decisions. However, Social Marketing is proven effective in generating Brand Trust, which evokes consumers' purchase decisions. Furthermore, Brand Trust is found to be a full mediation in effect between Social Media Marketing on purchase decisions. Thus this study substantiates the implication of the Stimulus-Organism-Respons Model in the healthcare industry.
THE ROLE OF ADAPTIVE MILLENNIAL LEADERSHIP, ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE, AND COMPETENCY AS A STRATEGY TO INCREASE EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE
Authors:   Department of Management, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indragiri, Indonesia, Dewi Puspa , Fitrio Tomy ,   Department of Management, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indragiri, Indonesia
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to develop a conceptual model of the relationship between organizational culture, competency, adaptive millennial leadership, and employee performance. Data were collected from 130 employees of Bank X of Riau Regional Office. Data were processed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) PLS. This study proposed adaptive millennial leadership as a strategy to improve employee performance. The results show that organizational culture and competencies mediated by adaptive millennial leadership increased employee performance. It supports the hypothesis regarding the importance of adaptive millennial leadership in improving employee performance. Also, the results strengthen social capital theory, where social capital argues that social relations are resources that can lead to the development and accumulation of human capital in achieving organizational goals.
DIRECTOR'S EXPERTISE, EXECUTIVE'S EXPERTISE, AND FIRM LEVERAGE IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY: EVIDENCE FROM TWO-TIER BOARD SYSTEM IN INDONESIA
Authors:   Doctoral Program in Accounting, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia, Nugraha Adri Putra , Soewarno Noorlailie ,   Accounting Department, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Published: September 2022

This empirical research analyzes the director's and executive's expertise on the leverage of Indonesian manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2014 to 2018. Ordinary Least Squares were used to answer the research problems and test the hypotheses. The leverage was measured using Total Short-Term Debt (STD), Total Long-Term Debt (LTD), and Total Debt in Book Value (TDBV). At the same time, the director's and executive's expertise is proxied by postgraduate and professional degrees in finance or accounting. This study finds that a director's professional degree in finance or accounting influences leverage by LTD but does not significantly affect leverage proxied by TDBV and STD. Then, an executive's postgraduate degree significantly impacts leverage proxied by TDBV and STD but does not significantly influence leverage proxied by LTD. Furthermore, the director's postgraduate degree and executive's professional degree in finance and accounting do not affect leverage in all proxies. In control variables, significant influences were found in the effects of firm size on LTD and STD, profitability proxied by ROA on LTD, profitability proxied by ROE on STD, and growth on LTD. Meanwhile, firm age, Non-Debt Tax Shield (NDTS), Earnings Volatility (EVO), and Tangibility (Tang) do not affect leverage in all proxies.
EFEKTIVITAS BAHAN PELINDUNG Spodoptera litura NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUS (SlNPV) UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN Spodoptera litura (F.) PADA TANAMAN KEDELAI
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Haryadi Nanang Tri
Published: September 2022

Spodoptera litura dapat menyebabkan kehilangan hasil hingga 80% bahkan gagal panen. Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus merupakan agensi hayati dari kelompok patogen serangga famili Baculoviridae yang banyak digunakan sebagai agens hayati dan Spodoptera litura Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (SlNPV) merupakan salah satu pemanfaatan NPV yang efektif dalam mengendalikan Spodoptera litura. Kendala penggunaan SlNPV yaitu tidak tahan terhadap sinar matahari sehingga perlu bahan pelindung agar virus tidak mengalami inaktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bahan pelindung dalam mempertahankan efektivitas SlNPV dari paparan sinar matahari. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial. Perlakuan meliputi SlNPV 100 ml tanpa pemaparan UV A (a), SlNPV 100 ml tanpa bahan pelindung + UV A (b), SlNPV 100 ml + Molase 40% + UV A (c), SlNPV 100 ml + Kaolin 40% + UV A (d), SlNPV 100 ml + Tinopal 1% + UV A (e), SlNPV 100 ml + Sunblock SPF 50 5% + UV A (f). Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 4 kali sehingga didapatkan 24 satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada uji skala rumah kaca perlakuan SlNPV + kaolin 40% dapat menyebabkan mortalitas S. litura 92,5% diikuti oleh perlakuan SlNPV + molase 40% dengan mortalitas sebesar 75% pada pengamatan 9 hari setelah aplikasi. Kaolin efektif digunakan sebagai bahan pelindung SlNPV dibandingkan bahan pelindung lainnya karena dapat melindungi SlNPV dari paparan sinar Ultra Violet (UV) karena membentuk lapisan seperti lapisan film.
Wildfires damage assessment Via LiDAR
Authors:   College of Business and Economics, California State University, Los Angeles, USA, et al. Sultan
Published: September 2022

This paper examines the phenomenon of wildfires in California and investigates the buildings affected by the Woolsey Fire in Central Malibu in 2018. We focus empirically on machine learning to identify damaged objects from point-cloud data. This project includes a literature review with references to methods used for wildfire research and LiDAR data processing. In this study, researchers trained an existing deep learning model to determine if it offers an effective solution for extracting damaged objects. Data sources for this study include point-cloud data retrieved via the LidarExplorer tool and Kaggle’s 2013–2020 California wildfire data. Using two layers of building footprints in the Malibu “T-Zone” revealed 907 structures, of which 435 were damaged or destroyed based on map observations. This analysis of structure identification supports the literature that deep learning can successfully classify objects damaged by wildfires.
Щелевой переход с gap-волновода на симметричную полосковую линию передачи в миллиметровом диапазоне длин волн
Authors: Полигина А.Д. , Таганов А.В.
Published: September 2022

The work is devoted to the investigation of a possible realization of the transition from a waveguide transmission line to a strip line in the millimeter wavelength range. The structure of slot transition from gap waveguide to strip line transmission is developed. Determined the working dimensions of the structural parts of the transition for use in the excitation systems of antennas in the millimeter wavelength range. Simulation of the obtained structure was performed, and conclusions about its applicability in communication systems were drawn.
Получение толстых слоев ε(kappa)-Ga-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=- методом хлоридной эпитаксии
Authors: Степанов С.И. , Печников А.И. , Щеглов М.П. , Чикиряка А.В. , Николаев В.И.
Published: September 2022

High crystalline quality epitaxial films of orthorhombic gallium oxide ε(κ)-Ga2O3 with a thickness of more than 20 μm have been grown by halide vapor phase epitaxy for the first time. Sapphire wafers with preliminarily deposited GaN layers were used as substrates. The properties of the produced films are studied by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. The results obtained are considered as an important step in obtaining thick layers and quasi-bulk ε(κ)-Ga2O3 crystals for practical applications in electronic and sensor technology.
Scanning naation as an instrument of studying local mechanical properties distribution in wood and a new technique for dendrochronology
Authors: Golovin Yu. I.  , Tyurin A. I.  , Gusev A. A.  , Matveev S. M.  , Golovin D. Yu.  , Samodurov A. A.  , Vasyukova I. A.  , Yunak M.A.  , Kolesnikov E. A.  , Zakharova O. V.
Published: September 2022

The paper presents the results of scanning of mechanical properties of coniferous (common pine Pinus sylvestris) and deciduous (small-leaved lime Tilia cordata and common oak Quercus robur) trees wood using naation on crosscut face. Manifold increase in microhardness H and Young's modulus E has been observed between early and late wood in every annual growth ring. Significant differences in intraring radial dependencies of H and E have been found among studied species. For all studied species the average values of E and H of early wood in each annual ring are found to be independent from ring width, while such dependence for late wood is weak at most. The ring widths measured by naation coincide with the ones measured by standard optical method within 2-3%. The developed technique and obtained results can be useful 1) to amend the understanding the origins of macromechanical properties of various wood species and their dependence upon microstructural characteristics and growth conditions, 2) to optimize the technologies of growing, reinforcement and subsequent usage of the wood, 3) to develop new independent high resolution methods in dendrochronology. Keywords: naation, nano-/microhardness and Young's modulus scanning, tree annual growth rings, dendrochronology.
Smartphone Apps for Patients With Hematologic Malignancies: Systematic Review and Evaluation of Content
Authors: Báez Gutiérrez Nerea , Rodríguez Ramallo Héctor , Fernández González Marcos , Abdel-Kader Martín Laila
Published: September 2022

Background

Hematological malignancies (HMs) are a heterogeneous group of cancers representing a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. The chronification of HMs and the increasing use of smartphones may lead patients to seek their current unmet needs through mobile health apps.

Objective

The goal of this review was to identify and assess the quality of smartphone apps aimed at patients diagnosed with HMs.

Methods

A systematic search of apps that were aimed at patients diagnosed with HMs, accessed from a Spain IP address, and were available on the iOS (App Store) and Android (Google Play) platforms was conducted in November 2021. The search terms used were “hematology,” “blood cancer,” “leukemia,” “lymphoma,” and “myeloma” apps in English, Spanish, or both languages. The identified apps were downloaded and analyzed independently by 2 reviewers. Information about general app characteristics was collected. The Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) was used to assess quality. The resulting parameter of the analyses, the mean score of the apps, was compared by Student t test.

Results

Overall, 18 apps were identified; 7 were available on Android, 5 were available on iOS, and 6 were available on both platforms. All included apps were free; 3 were published in 2021, and among the apps published before 2021, only 6 were updated in 2021. Most (16/18, 89%) of the apps were aimed at patients with leukemia or lymphoma (16). The primary purposes of the apps were to provide general information about the condition (16/18, 89%) and monitor symptoms and clinical parameters (11/18, 61%). Health care professionals contributed to the development of 50% (9/18) of apps; 6 were owned and supported by scientific societies, and 3 were developed with the participation of health care professionals. The mean MARS score for the overall quality of the apps was 3.1 (SD 1.0). The engagement and aesthetics subscales were the lowest rated subscales, with only 44% (8/18) and 67% (12/18), respectively, of the apps obtaining acceptable scores. None of the included apps proved clinical efficacy through clinical trials in patients with HMs. Statistically significant differences were found in the MARS scores between operating systems (+1.0, P=.003) in favor of iOS apps. The participation of health care professionals in the development of the apps did not have a statistically significant impact on the MARS scores.

Conclusions

This systematic search and evaluation identified few acceptable quality mobile apps for patients with HMs. Current and future apps for patients with HMs should provide evidence-based valuable information, improve user engagement, incorporate functions according to patient preferences, and generate evidence regarding the efficacy of app use by patients with HMs.
Sexually Transmitted Disease–Related Reddit Posts During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Latent Dirichlet Allocation Analysis
Authors: Johnson Amy K , Bhaumik Runa , Nandi Debarghya , Roy Abhishikta , Mehta Supriya D
Published: September 2022

Background

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are common and costly, impacting approximately 1 in 5 people annually. Reddit, the sixth most used internet site in the world, is a user-generated social media discussion platform that may be useful in monitoring discussion about STD symptoms and exposure.

Objective

This study sought to define and identify patterns and insights into STD-related discussions on Reddit over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

We extracted posts from Reddit from March 2019 through July 2021. We used a topic modeling method, Latent Dirichlet Allocation, to identify the most common topics discussed in the Reddit posts. We then used word clouds, qualitative topic labeling, and spline regression to characterize the content and distribution of the topics observed.

Results

Our extraction resulted in 24,311 total posts. Latent Dirichlet Allocation topic modeling showed that with 8 topics for each time period, we achieved high coherence values (pre–COVID-19=0.41, prevaccination=0.42, and postvaccination=0.44). Although most topic categories remained the same over time, the relative proportion of topics changed and new topics emerged. Spline regression revealed that some key terms had variability in the percentage of posts that coincided with pre–COVID-19 and post–COVID-19 periods, whereas others were uniform across the study periods.

Conclusions

Our study’s use of Reddit is a novel way to gain insights into STD symptoms experienced, potential exposures, testing decisions, common questions, and behavior patterns (eg, during lockdown periods). For example, reduction in STD screening may result in observed negative health outcomes due to missed cases, which also impacts onward transmission. As Reddit use is anonymous, users may discuss sensitive topics with greater detail and more freely than in clinical encounters. Data from anonymous Reddit posts may be leveraged to enhance the understanding of the distribution of disease and need for targeted outreach or screening programs. This study provides evidence in favor of establishing Reddit as having feasibility and utility to enhance the understanding of sexual behaviors, STD experiences, and needed health engagement with the public.
Classifying Comments on Social Media Related to Living Kidney Donation: Machine Learning Training and Validation Study
Authors: Asghari Mohsen , Nielsen Joshua , Gentili Monica , Koizumi Naoru , Elmaghraby Adel
Published: September 2022

Background

Living kidney donation currently constitutes approximately a quarter of all kidney donations. There exist barriers that preclude prospective donors from donating, such as medical ineligibility and costs associated with donation. A better understanding of perceptions of and barriers to living donation could facilitate the development of effective policies, education opportunities, and outreach strategies and may lead to an increased number of living kidney donations. Prior research focused predominantly on perceptions and barriers among a small subset of individuals who had prior exposure to the donation process. The viewpoints of the general public have rarely been represented in prior research.

Objective

The current study designed a web-scraping method and machine learning algorithms for collecting and classifying comments from a variety of online sources. The resultant data set was made available in the public domain to facilitate further investigation of this topic.

Methods

We collected comments using Python-based web-scraping tools from the New York Times, YouTube, Twitter, and Reddit. We developed a set of guidelines for the creation of training data and manual classification of comments as either related to living organ donation or not. We then classified the remaining comments using deep learning.

Results

A total of 203,219 unique comments were collected from the above sources. The deep neural network model had 84% accuracy in testing data. Further validation of predictions found an actual accuracy of 63%. The final database contained 11,027 comments classified as being related to living kidney donation.

Conclusions

The current study lays the groundwork for more comprehensive analyses of perceptions, myths, and feelings about living kidney donation. Web-scraping and machine learning classifiers are effective methods to collect and examine opinions held by the general public on living kidney donation.
Boosting Delirium Identification Accuracy With Sentiment-Based Natural Language Processing: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Wang Lu , Zhang Yilun , Chignell Mark , Shan Baizun , Sheehan Kathleen A , Razak Fahad , Verma Amol
Published: September 2022

Background

Delirium is an acute neurocognitive disorder that affects up to half of older hospitalized medical patients and can lead to dementia, longer hospital stays, increased health costs, and death. Although delirium can be prevented and treated, it is difficult to identify and predict.

Objective

This study aimed to improve machine learning models that retrospectively identify the presence of delirium during hospital stays (eg, to measure the effectiveness of delirium prevention interventions) by using the natural language processing (NLP) technique of sentiment analysis (in this case a feature that identifies sentiment toward, or away from, a delirium diagnosis).

Methods

Using data from the General Medicine Inpatient Initiative, a Canadian hospital data and analytics network, a detailed manual review of medical records was conducted from nearly 4000 admissions at 6 Toronto area hospitals. Furthermore, 25.74% (994/3862) of the eligible hospital admissions were labeled as having delirium. Using the data set collected from this study, we developed machine learning models with, and without, the benefit of NLP methods applied to diagnostic imaging reports, and we asked the question “can NLP improve machine learning identification of delirium?”

Results

Among the eligible 3862 hospital admissions, 994 (25.74%) admissions were labeled as having delirium. Identification and calibration of the models were satisfactory. The accuracy and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the main model with NLP in the independent testing data set were 0.807 and 0.930, respectively. The accuracy and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the main model without NLP in the independent testing data set were 0.811 and 0.869, respectively. Model performance was also found to be stable over the 5-year period used in the experiment, with identification for a likely future holdout test set being no worse than identification for retrospective holdout test sets.

Conclusions

Our machine learning model that included NLP (ie, sentiment analysis in medical image description text mining) produced valid identification of delirium with the sentiment analysis, providing significant additional benefit over the model without NLP.
Identification of Risk Groups for and Factors Affecting Metabolic Syndrome in South Korean Single-Person Households Using Latent Class Analysis and Machine Learning Techniques: Secondary Analysis Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Ji-Soo , Lee Soo-Kyoung
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

The rapid increase of single-person households in South Korea is leading to an increase in the incidence of metabolic syndrome, which causes cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, due to lifestyle changes. It is necessary to analyze the complex effects of metabolic syndrome risk factors in South Korean single-person households, which differ from one household to another, considering the diversity of single-person households.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to identify the factors affecting metabolic syndrome in single-person households using machine learning techniques and categorically characterize the risk factors through latent class analysis (LCA).

METHODS

This cross-sectional study included 10-year secondary data obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009-2018). We selected 1371 participants belonging to single-person households. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 25.0; IBM Corp), Mplus (version 8.0; Muthen & Muthen), and Python (version 3.0; Plone & Python). We applied 4 machine learning algorithms (logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, and extreme gradient boost) to identify important factors and then applied LCA to categorize the risk groups of metabolic syndromes in single-person households.

RESULTS

Through LCA, participants were classified into 4 groups (group 1: intense physical activity in early adulthood, group 2: hypertension among middle-aged female respondents, group 3: smoking and drinking among middle-aged male respondents, and group 4: obesity and abdominal obesity among middle-aged respondents). In addition, age, BMI, obesity, subjective body shape recognition, alcohol consumption, smoking, binge drinking frequency, and job type were investigated as common factors that affect metabolic syndrome in single-person households through machine learning techniques. Group 4 was the most susceptible and at-risk group for metabolic syndrome (odds ratio 17.67, 95% CI 14.5-25.3; P<.001), and obesity and abdominal obesity were the most influential risk factors for metabolic syndrome.

CONCLUSIONS

This study identified risk groups and factors affecting metabolic syndrome in single-person households through machine learning techniques and LCA. Through these findings, customized interventions for each generational risk factor for metabolic syndrome can be implemented, leading to the prevention of metabolic syndrome, which causes cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In conclusion, this study contributes to the prevention of metabolic syndrome in single-person households by providing new insights and priority groups for the development of customized interventions using classification.
An Approach for Curating Collections of Historical Documents with the Use of Topic Detection Technologies
Authors: Andresel Medina , Gordea Sergiu , Stevanetic Srdjan , SchÃ¼tz Mina
Published: September 2022

Digital curation of materials available in large online repositories is required to enable the reuse of Cultural Heritage resources in specific activities like education or scientific research. The digitization of such valuable objects is an important task for making them accessible through digital platforms such as Europeana, therefore ensuring the success of transcription campaigns via the Transcribathon platform is highly important for this goal. Based on impact assessment results, people are more engaged in the transcription process if the content is more oriented to specific themes, such as First World War. Currently, efforts to group related documents into thematic collections are in general hand-crafted and due to the large ingestion of new material they are difficult to maintain and update. The current solutions based on text retrieval are not able to support the discovery of related content since the existing collections are multi-lingual and contain heterogeneous items like postcards, letters, journals, photographs etc. Technological advances in natural language understanding and in data management have led to the automation of document categorization and via automatic topic detection. To use existing topic detection technologies on Europeana collections there are several challenges to be addressed: (1) ensure representative and qualitative training data, (2) ensure the quality of the learned topics, and (3) efficient and scalable solutions for searching related content based on the automatically detected topics, and for suggesting the most relevant topics on new items. This paper describes in more details each such challenge and the proposed solutions thus offering a novel perspective on how digital curation practices can be enhanced with the help of machine learning technologies.
Uncommon Commons? Creative Commons Licencing in Horizon 2020 Data Management Plans
Authors: Spichtinger Daniel
Published: September 2022

As policies, good practices and mandates on research data management evolve, more emphasis has been put on the licencing of data, which allows potential re-users to quickly identify what they can do with the data in question. In this paper I analyse a pre-existing collection of 840 Horizon 2020 public data management plans (DMPs) to determine which ones mention creative commons licences and among those who do, which licences are being used.

I find that 36% of DMPs mention creative commons and among those a number of different approaches towards licencing exist (overall policy per project, licencing decisions per dataset, licencing decisions per partner, licensing decision per data format, licensing decision per perceived stakeholder interest), often clad in rather vague language with CC licences being â€œrecommendedâ€ or â€œsuggestedâ€. Some DMPs also â€œkick the can further down the roadâ€ by mentioning that â€œaâ€ CC licence will be used, but not which one. However, among those DMPs that do mention specific CC licences, a clear favourite emerges: the CC-BY licence, which accounts for half of the total mentioning of a specific licence.

The fact that 64% of DMPs did not mention creative commons at all is an indication for the need for further training and awareness raising on data management in general and licencing in particular in Horizon Europe. For those DMPs that do mention specific licences, 60% would be compliant with Horizon Europe requirements (CC-BY or CC0). However, it should be carefully monitored whether content similar to the 40% that is currently licenced with non- Horizon Europe compliant licences will in the future move to CC-BY or CC0 or whether such content will simply be kept fully closed by projects (by invoking the â€œas open as possible, as close as necessaryâ€ principle), which would be an unintended and potentially damaging consequence of the policy.
Fostering the Adoption of DMP in Small Research Projects through a Collaborative Approach
Authors: Maciel AndrÃ© , Aguiar Castro JoÃ£o , Ribeiro Cristina , Almada Marta , MidÃ£o LuÃ­s
Published: September 2022

In order to promote sound management of research data the European Commission, under the Horizon 2020 framework program, is promoting the adoption of a Data Management Plan (DMP) in research projects. Despite the value of a DMP to make data findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR) through time, the development and implementation of DMPs is not yet a common practice in health research. Raising the awareness of researchers in small projects to the benefits of early adoption of a DMP is, therefore, a motivator for others to follow suit. In this paper we describe an approach to engage researchers in the writing of a DMP, in an ongoing project, FrailSurvey, in which researchers are collecting data through a mobile application for self-assessment of fragility. The case study is supported by interviews, a metadata creation session, as well as the validation of recommendations by researchers. With the outline of our process we also outline tools and services that supported the development of the DMP in this small project, particularly since there were no institutional services available to researchers
Experiencias turísticas de disidentes de género en América Latina
Authors: Mendoza Ontiveros Martha Marivel , Monterrubio Carlos , Pérez Díaz Javier
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: explorar las experiencias turísticas de personas disidentes de género en América Latina y promover la sensibilización para reducir la discriminación en la industria turística. Metodología: se realizaron entrevistas cualitativas a personas con identidades de género no normativas en países de la región. Resultados: para las personas con identidades de género no normativas, las experiencias turísticas tienen mucha importancia emocional, física, interpersonal e identitaria. Valor: este estudio contribuye al entendimiento de las experiencias turísticas desde la perspectiva de la diversidad de género. Limitaciones: los resultados no son generalizables a todas las personas de la región que tienen una identidad de género divergente. Conclusiones: las experiencias turísticas de las personas con identidades de género no normativas están asociadas de manera profunda con el género y con un estigma social.
Valores Cefalométricos craneofaciales en niños preescolares del Jardín de Niños CENDI UNAM
Authors: Flores Ydraac Lariza , Fernández Villavicencio Miguel Ángel , Heredia Ponce Erika
Published: September 2022

La evaluación cefalométrica constituye un método auxiliar de diagnóstico para el estudio de las estructuras del complejo cráneo–dento–facial, que permite identificar disarmonías, tanto en la morfología como en las relaciones entre cada una de estas estructuras y así poder establecer planes de tratamiento. El propósito de este estudio fue el describir y comparar por género el patrón de crecimiento craneofacial de los niños de 3er grado del Jardín de Niños CENDI de la UNAM. De un total de 112 niños inscritos, participaron 26 niños y 21 niñas residentes del Distrito Federal, el promedio de edad fue de 5.6 años. Todos los sujetos presentaron simetría facial y oclusión clínicamente aceptables. Se evaluaron cefalométricamente seis medidas angulares: SNA, SNB, ANB, eje Y, PM-FH, PM-SN y cinco medidas lineales: A perpendicular N, Pg perpendicular N, ENA-ENP, Go-Me, S-N. Se obtuvieron las medias, desviación estándar y error estándar. La prueba t-Student dio como resultado que no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ambos sexos (p > 0.05), excepto para las medidas A perpendicular N, Go-Me y el eje Y (p < 0.05). El valor de la longitud de la base craneal anterior fue la que mostró menor variabilidad en el total de la población de estudio, las medidas mandibulares indicaron que es la estructura menos desarrollada durante esta etapa del crecimiento; así como también se obtuvo una tendencia de crecimiento vertical, pero para este grupo se consideró como crecimiento neutro.
Piercing en cavidad oral: La moda que arriesga la salud
Authors: De León Torres Claudia S , Ochoa García Leonor , Dufoo Olvera Saúl , Díaz Ramírez José Alberto
Published: September 2022

Las perforaciones en la lengua y regiones peribucales se han convertido en un modo de expresión cada día más frecuente, al igual que sus consecuencias. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer en una muestra de 100 sujetos, la proporción por edad y sexo de individuos con perforaciones en los tejidos blandos de la cavidad oral, las lesiones y complicaciones que se presentan por el uso de piercings, el tiempo de efectuada la perforación, el número de perforaciones realizadas por individuo, así como el tipo de tratamiento requerido dependiendo de la lesión ocasionada. Este estudio se desarrolló mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario y exploración clínica a 100 individuos portadores de perforaciones en la cavidad oral, tomados de forma aleatoria en población abierta. Entre los resultados encontramos que el 62% de los individuos corresponden al sexo masculino y el 38% al femenino, lo cual señala una preferencia por parte de los hombres hacia esta moda. La complicación más frecuente fue la dificultad a la masticación; la cual se presentó en 58 casos. Se detectaron portadores con más de una lesión, sin embargo el 17% de los encuestados no presentó ningún tipo de alteración. Se concluye que la perforación en la cavidad bucal pudiera ser un factor de riesgo para la salud bucodental de quien lo porta.
Prevalencia de hipertensión en las clínicas odontológicas de la FES Iztacala
Authors: Llamosas Hernández Eduardo , Rosas González Gerardo , García Salmones José Pujana , Aguilar y Fernández Adrián , Bonastre Morera Ma del Carmen , Monroy Cuenca Ma del Socorro , Silva Rodríguez Guillermo , Toriz Maldonado Javier
Published: September 2022

La hipertensión arterial es un padecimiento multifactorial con incidencia y prevalencia crecientes en nuestro país, por lo que es considerado como un problema de salud pública. El objetivo del presente estudio fue el de establecer su prevalencia en pacientes que acuden a las Clínicas Odontológicas de la FES Iztacala, relacionándola con la edad, sexo, tabaquismo, obesidad, alcoholismo y diabetes. Se estableció una prevalencia del 18%, entre 1,085 pacientes, que en las mujeres fue superior con 19.7% contra un 14.8% en hombres, aumentando de manera notoria a partir de los 35 años y casi la mitad de los pacientes hipertensos, tenía entre 45 y 64 años. El 83% de ellos no fumaba y el 84% no ingería alcohol. El 48.5% de los hipertensos tenía algún familiar con esta afección y tres cuartas partes de éstos tuvieron una condición de normalidad en la relación peso-talla. A la luz de nuestros resultados no parece que alguna de las condiciones relacionadas con la hipertensión, sea relevante para su aparición. La hipertensión es un problema de salud de importancia, que puede pasar desapercibido por quien la padece, y que mientras más edad se tiene, existe mayor riesgo de padecerla.
Hemangioma Lobular capilar (granuloma piógeno)asociado a la erupción: Reporte de dos casos clínicos
Authors: García Cravioto Itzel C , Hinojosa Aguirre Alejandro , Aldape Barrios Beatriz , Valenzuela Espinoza Emilia
Published: September 2022

El hemangioma lobular capilar es un tumor de tejidos blandos relativamente frecuente. Es un desarrollo reactivo focal de tejido fibrovascular con proliferación endotelial. Clínicamente, es una lesión rojo brillante, pedunculada o sésil, cuyo tamaño varía de pocos milímetros a centímetros. No existe predilección por edad ni género. En el presente estudio se reportan dos casos clínicos de pacientes que acudieron a la clínica de odontopediatría de la División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación (DEPeI) para su atención. El primer caso correspondió a un paciente masculino de 1 año 5 meses, presentaba un aumento de volumen en la encía inferior. A la exploración clínica se apreciaba una lesión de 70 x 60 x 40 mm, de color púrpura, bilobulado, con crecimiento muy rápido, según refiere la familia. El segundo caso, correspondió a un paciente masculino de 7 años que presentaba una lesión gingival hiperplásica, cubriendo parcialmente la corona del primer molar superior izquierdo en erupción. Tratándose de una lesión rojo brillante de 36 x 11 x 4 mm de consistencia firme. En ambos casos se realizó la biopsia excisional y el diagnóstico histopatológico indicó la presencia de un granuloma piógeno. Entre los factores etiológicos de esta lesión se encuentran el trauma y la higiene bucal pobre, sin embargo, en estos dos casos, los granulomas piógenos se debieron a la erupción dentaria, factor etiológico que no se encuentra citado en la literatura.