Abstract A036: Quantitative molecular imaging of pancreatic tumor fibrosis for evaluation of response to neoadjuvant therapy: Pre-clinical and first-in-human application of collagen PET/MRI
Authors: Esfahani Shadi A. , Ma Hua , Krishna Shriya , Shuvaev Sergey , Hajmirzaian Arvin , Zhou Iris , Catana Ciprian , Sojoodi Mozhdeh , Abston Eric , Ting David , Heidari Pedram , Lanuti Michael , Tanabe Kenneth , Qadan Motaz , de-Castillo Carlos Fernandez , Parikh Aparna , Weekes Colin , Hong Theodore , Caravan Peter 
Published: January 2024

Purpose: One of the major challenges in the management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the lack of a reliable imaging tool to monitor tumor response to treatment. A high degree of fibrosis, mainly collagen type I, has been recognized as the hallmark of PDAC, which further increases in response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT). This study introduces an image-guided paradigm for monitoring treatment response using the collagen type I specific PET imaging probe, 68Ga-CBP8 in mouse models and patients with PDAC. Methods: Subcutaneous mouse models of human PDAC were generated using FOLFIRNOX-sensitive (PANC1 and PDAC6) and FOLFIRINOX-resistant (SU8686) PDAC cells in nude mice (n=88). Mice were randomized into 2 groups of treatment with FOLFIRINOX or vehicle i.v. twice a week. Animals underwent PET/MRI with 68Ga-CBP8 (3.7-11.1 MBq) prior to, and at 7- and 15-days post-treatment (n=4-8/group). To assess the specificity of the probe, additional PANC1 tumor-bearing mice (n=4) were imaged with 68Ga-CBP8, and a collagen non-binding probe, 68Ga-CNBP (3.7-11 MBq). PET values were correlated with tumor growth over 21 days and quantification of fibrosis by Picrosirius red and IHC for collagen I, α-SMA, FAP-α, collagen rtPCR, and hydroxyproline assay. 8 patients (49-65 yrs.) with newly diagnosed PDAC underwent 68Ga-CBP8 PET (122-281 MBq) and standard MRI. Thus far, 3/8 subjects have undergone repeat PET/MRI after completion of neoadjuvant CRT. The pre-and post-CRT PET parameters for tumor and pancreas were compared and correlated with tumor size change, histology, and spatial analyses for PDAC and fibroblasts. Results: PET/MRI of PANC1 tumors showed significantly higher 68Ga-CBP8 uptake compared to control 68Ga-CNBP at each time point (p &lt; 0.05), demonstrating the specificity of the probe in targeting collagen. PET values significantly increased over time in FOLFIRINOX-sensitive tumors (PANC1 %ID/cc: 0.8 ± 0.2 vs. 1.1 ± 0.3 vs. 1.9 ±0.2, p &lt; 0.05 in day-0 vs. day-7 vs. day-15, respectively, p = 0.0005), whereas no significant change was seen in the probe uptake in the vehicle or resistant tumors (p &gt; 0.05). There was a significant tumor growth reduction in responders compared to vehicle and resistant tumors. Histology showed a continuous increase of collagen in responding tumors (% collagen proportion area (CPA) in PANC1: 5.2 ± 3.8 vs. 16.2 ± 8.7 vs. 46.9 ± 6.0, p &lt; 0.05, at Day-0 vs. Day-7 vs. Day-15, respectively, p &lt; 0.0001), no change in resistant SU8686 (CPA: 33.0 ± 8.9 vs. 30.0 ± 9.7 vs. 28.1 ± 7.2, at Day-0 vs. Day-7 vs. Day-15, respectively, p = 0.66) and unchanged minimal collagen in pancreas. PET/MRI of patients showed a significantly higher SUVmean in the tumor compared to pancreas (2.4 ± 0.37 vs. 1.9 ± 0.31, p = 0.01), and a significantly higher uptake in the treated compared to untreated tumors (SUVmean: 2.8 ± 0.33 vs. 1.9 ± 0.56, p = 0.04). Response to treatment was confirmed on histology. Conclusion: Collagen PET could be used as a reliable non-invasive tool for monitoring response to neoadjuvant therapy in PDAC.

Citation Format: Shadi A. Esfahani, Hua Ma, Shriya Krishna, Sergey Shuvaev, Arvin Hajmirzaian, Iris Zhou, Ciprian Catana, Mozhdeh Sojoodi, Eric Abston, David Ting, Pedram Heidari, Michael Lanuti, Kenneth Tanabe, Motaz Qadan, Carlos Fernandez de-Castillo, Aparna Parikh, Colin Weekes, Theodore Hong, Peter Caravan. Quantitative molecular imaging of pancreatic tumor fibrosis for evaluation of response to neoadjuvant therapy: Pre-clinical and first-in-human application of collagen PET/MRI [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Pancreatic Cancer; 2023 Sep 27-30; Boston, Massachusetts. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(2 Suppl):Abstract nr A036.