bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technological orders’ change caused by the pandemics: Digitalization in the internationalization of technology transfer
Authors: Alekseieva Kateryna , Novikova Iryna , Bediukh Oleksandr , Kostyuk Olga , Stepanova Alla
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has become a catalyst for changing the technological order of human development and has accelerated the formation of new forms of organization and business. The change of technological orders causes uneven development of scientific and technological progress, as a result of which the existing technologies deepen, which become dominant and can be superimposed on the existing technological way of life. The purpose of the study is to substantiate changes in technology orders and to analyze the process of digitization as a new trend in the internationalization of technology transfer based on data on the dynamics of business meetings at brokerage events recorded in the Enterprise Europe Network (EEN). The use of EEN IT platform tools and general scientific methods such as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, and historical analysis has confirmed the differences between the fifth and sixth technological orders and demonstrated the search for new ways of development for small businesses. The study formulated a general strategy for the digitization process and recommendations for the internationalization of technology transfer using Enterprise Europe Network tools in a pandemic, which include intensifying business activities using cyberspace, changing existing forms of organization, and innovation for small businesses. This strategy became the basis for the formation of a new methodological paradigm for managing the process of internationalization of technology transfer, taking into account the peculiarities of the domestic economy in a pandemic.
Never Heard That Before! Bioscience Knowledge Retention in Undergraduate Nursing Education
Authors: Narnaware Yuwaraj (Raj)
Published: September 2021

Human anatomy and physiology are considered foundational courses in medical, allied health, and nursing disciplines and serve as prerequisites for future theory courses and nursing clinicals. Numerous studies have demonstrated the difficulty for medical and allied health students to acquire, transfer, retain, and apply knowledge from these courses in subsequent years of their programs. However, most knowledge retention studies of anatomy and physiology have been carried out with a focus on medical and allied health students and have rarely been assessed in nursing students. In addition, most studies of interventions in anatomy and physiology have emphasized factors affecting knowledge acquisition in the first year of nursing, and little is known about knowledge retention and application during subsequent years of nursing. This review highlights the current status of knowledge retention in nursing education, identifies potential gaps, and discusses interventional strategies to bridge the gap between the classroom and future theory courses and nursing clinicals.
Does a Student's Academic Major Influence Their Perceptions of a Human Anatomy and Physiology Course and Ultimately Their Success in the Course?
Authors: Keller Karen , Hughes Franklin
Published: September 2021

Students from a variety of majors take human anatomy and physiology courses—usually because they are required for their program of study. Many students find anatomy and physiology classes academically challenging and institutions across the country report high failure and withdrawal rates for these courses. Although research has shown that several factors may contribute to poor student performance, this study focused on the relationship between a student’s major and their perceptions about the course to investigate whether these data were reflective of student success rates. Survey data was collected from students in the first semester of a two-semester, systems-based human anatomy and physiology course sequence. While the results did not show a statistical difference in successful completion of the anatomy and physiology course related to academic major, interesting preferences regarding learning styles, study habits, and perceived difficulty of the course were found.
Bacterial Proteomics and its Application in Pathogenesis Studies
Authors: Kafil Hossein Samadi , Ozma Mahdi Asghari , Khodadadi Ehsaneh , Rezaee Mohammad Ahangarzadeh , Asgharzadeh Mohammad , Aghazadeh Mohammad , Zeinalzadeh Elham , Ganbarov Khudaverdi
Published: September 2021

Bacteria build their structures by implementing several macromolecules such as pro-teins, polysaccharides, phospholipids, and nucleic acids, which preserve their lives and play an essential role in their pathogenesis. There are two genomic and proteomic methods to study var-ious macromolecules of bacteria, which are complementary methods and provide comprehensive information. Proteomic approaches are used to identify proteins and their cell applications. Fur-thermore, macromolecules are utilized to study bacteria's structures and functions. These protein-based methods provide comprehensive information about the cells, such as the external structures, internal compositions, post-translational modifications, and mechanisms of particular actions, in-cluding biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance, and adaptation to the environment, promoting bacterial pathogenesis. These methods use various devices such as MALDI-TOF MS, LC-MS, and two-dimensional electrophoresis, which are valuable tools for studying different structural and functional proteins of the bacteria and their mechanisms of pathogenesis, causing rapid, easy, and accurate diagnosis of the infections.
Investigation of the Relationship among Cortisol, Pro-inflammatory
Cytokines, and the Degradation of Tryptophan into Kynurenine in
Patients with Major Depression and Suicidal Behavior
Authors: Messaoud Amel , Rym Mensi , Wahiba Douki , Neffati Fadoua , Najjar Mohamed Fadhel , Gobbi Gabriella , Manchia Mirko , Valtorta Flavia , Lotfi Gaha , Comai Stefano
Published: September 2021

Background:

The increased degradation of tryptophan (Trp) along the kynurenine (Kyn)
pathway due to inflammation and/or activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis
has been reported among the biological factors involved in the pathophysiology of major depressive
disorder (MDD) and suicide. However, the interaction among these multiple factors is not yet completely
clarified.

Method:

We studied plasma levels of Trp, Kyn, cortisol and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-
6, IL-12, IL-20) and calculated the ratio Kyn/Trp as an index of the breakdown of Trp into Kyn in
31 suicidal MDD patients and 67 non-suicidal MDD patients.

Result:

We confirmed that suicidal MDD patients have reduced plasma Trp, higher Kyn and
Kyn/Trp ratio, and no difference in cortisol levels than non-suicidal MDD patients. IL-1 and IL-12
levels were significantly higher in suicidal MDD than in non-suicidal MDD (p=0.034 and p=0.023,
respectively), whereas Il-6 and IL-20 levels were equal in the two groups. The Kyn/Trp ratio was
positively correlated with a pro-inflammatory cytokines index (r=0.309, p=0.002) and cortisol
(r=0.368, p=0.001). Notably, the variance in the Kyn/Trp ratio explained by the model including
both cortisol and inflammatory parameters as dependent variables, substantially improved compared
with the models in which the two parameters were considered separately.

Conclusion:

These findings show that both cortisol and proinflammatory cytokines are involved in
the enhanced breakdown of Trp into Kyn occurring in suicidal MDD patients, thus adding new
knowledge on the biological mechanisms leading to the activation of the Kyn pathway in MDD and
suicide.
Comparing Nucleated Red Blood Cells in Neonates with and without Retinopathy
Authors: Boskabadi Hassan , Pourbadakhshan Nafiseh , Pishghadam Esmaeil , Zakerihamidi Maryam
Published: September 2021

Introduction:

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is one of the reasons of blindness in children. Numerous predisposing factors have been reported, including prematurity and oxygen therapy. We assessed the number of nucleated red blood cells in neonates with ROP and compared it with the patients that didn t suffer from the situation.

Methodology:

This case-control study was performed on 151 neonates with birth weight<1500 gr and/or gestational age< 32 weeks that were born in Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad from 2017 to 2020. A Cell Blood Count (CBC) sample and peripheral blood smear was taken. The Number of nucleated red blood cells or NRBC per 100 white blood cells was reported. Complete characteristics of neonates (birth weight, sex, gestational age, Apgar Score), mother's history (age, pregnancy and labor problems, kind of delivery, and pariety), and lab results were collected and recorded in the checklist. The assessment of the patients were continued until they were discharged and then they got visited by an ophthalmologist at the age of 32 weeks or four weeks after birth in terms of ROP and followed up. Control group included premature neonates without ROP.

Results:

Among of 151 neonates studied, 47 cases (24.9%) were normal and 104 ones (75.1%) had retinopathy of prematurity. Differences of measured factors in two groups of neonates with and without ROP were as followed: NRBC/100 (P = 0.009), absolute NRBC (P = 0.465), Apgar score of first (P = 0.131) and fifth (P = 0.002) minutes.

Conclusion:

Increasing umbilical cord NRBC/100 of neonates along with other available methods can be useful as a predictor factor of ROP and it can also predict the ROP intensity.
The Role of Coronary Physiology in Contemporary Percutaneous Coronary
Interventions
Authors: Marin Federico , Scarsini Roberto , Terentes-Printzios Dimitrios , Kotronias Rafail A. , Ribichini Flavio , Banning Adrian P. , De Maria Giovanni Luigi
Published: September 2021

:

Invasive assessment of coronary physiology has radically changed the paradigm of myocardial
revascularization in patients with coronary artery disease. Despite the prognostic improvement
associated with ischemia-driven revascularization strategy, functional assessment of angiographic
intermediate epicardial stenosis remains largely underused in clinical practice. Multiple
tools have been developed or are under development in order to reduce the invasiveness, cost, and
extra procedural time associated with the invasive assessment of coronary physiology. Besides epicardial
stenosis, a growing body of evidence highlights the role of coronary microcirculation in regulating
coronary flow with consequent pathophysiological and clinical and prognostic implications.
Adequate assessment of coronary microcirculation function and integrity has then become another
component of the decision-making algorithm for optimal diagnosis and treatment of coronary syndromes.
This review aims at providing a comprehensive description of tools and techniques currently available
in the catheterization laboratory to obtain a thorough and complete functional assessment of
the entire coronary tree (both for the epicardial and microvascular compartments).
Advanced Deep Learning Algorithms for Infectious Disease Modeling
Using Clinical Data: A Case Study on COVID-19
Authors: Shankar Achyut , Kumar Ajay , Kolnure Smita Nivrutti , Abhishek Kumar , Al-Turjman Fadi , Nerurkar Pranav , Ghalib Muhammad Rukunuddin
Published: September 2021

Background:

Dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic has been one of the most important
objectives of many countries.Intently observing the growth dynamics of the cases is one way
to accomplish the solution for the pandemic.

Introduction:

Infectious diseases are caused by a micro-organism/virus from another person or an
animal. It causes difficulty at both the individual and collective levels. The ongoing episode of
COVID-19 ailment, brought about by the new coronavirus first detected in Wuhan, China, and its
quick spread far and wide revived the consideration of the world towards the impact of such
plagues on an individual’s everyday existence. We suggested that a basic structure be developed to
work with the progressive examination of the development rate (cases/day) and development speed
(cases/day2) of COVID-19 cases.

Methods:

We attempt to exploit the effectiveness of advanced deep learning algorithms to predict
the growth of infectious diseases based on time series data and classification based on symptoms
text data and X-ray image data. The goal is to identify the nature of the phenomenon represented
by the sequence of observations and forecasting.

Results:

We concluded that our good habits and healthy lifestyle prevent the risk of COVID-19.
We observed that by simply using masks in our daily lives, we could flatten the curve of increasing
cases.Limiting human mobility resulted in a significant decrease in the development speed within a
few days, a deceleration within two weeks, and a close to fixed development within six weeks.

Conclusion:

These outcomes authenticate that mass social isolation is a profoundly viable measure
against the spread of SARS-CoV-2, as recently recommended. Aside from the research of country-
by-country predominance, the proposed structure is useful for city, state, district, and discretionary
region information, serving as a resource for screening COVID-19 cases in the area.
Sulfur Contamination and Environmental Effects: A Case Study of Current SO2 Industrial Emission by Biomonitoring and Regional Post-mining hot-spots
Authors: Likus-Cieślik Justyna , Pietrzykowski Marcin
Published: September 2021

The presence of sulfur in the environment is an important macroelement for plant growth but becomes harmful in excessive amounts. The previous century saw rising levels of high SO2 concentrations (stemming from fossil fuel combustion) and wet deposition from acid rain, causing the intensification of forest die-back. Air pollution can be controlled or measured by biomonitoring. Despite recent reductions in SO2 emissions, urban and industrial areas are still at risk from high sulfur contamination. Open-cast lignite and sulfur borehole mining play a pivotal role in the regional scale of ecosystem contamination and acid mine drainage. Consequently, these aspects are unique for assessing the impact of extreme S contamination on soil properties changes, the vegetation effect, and biogeochemical cycles. We presented i) current SO2 pollution based on S concentration in pine needles, and ii) a comprehensive study of soil properties, as well as plant reactions to excessive sulfur concentration in the restored forest ecosystem of a former sulfur mine.
Kształtowanie poczucia bezpieczeństwa fizycznego i psychicznego uczniów w realizacji założeń edukacji zdrowotnej na zajęciach wychowania fizycznego
Authors:   Uczelnia Nauk Społecznych w Łodzi, Szpak Maciej
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the issues of shaping the physical and mental safety in pupils through the implementation of health education assumptions during physical edu-cation classes. The author analyzes the issues of the pupils' subjective sense of safety and the factors determining the process of building physically, mentally and socially safe educational environment. The article also describes the concept of resilience as well as the key competences essential to protect and improve health in relation to its holistic model. The discussion of the assumptions and goals of modern health education in the context of building the sense of safety in the indicated spheres and also broadly understood prevention is supplemented by an analysis of implementation possibilities concerning the specificity of physical education classes.
Data Empowerment of Decision-Makers in an Era of a Pandemic: Intersection of “Classic” and Artificial Intelligence in the Service of Medicine (Preprint)
Authors: Geva Gil A , Ketko Itay , Nitecki Maya , Simon Shoham , Inbar Barr , Toledo Itay , Shapiro Michael , Vaturi Barak , Votta Yoni , Filler Daniel , Yosef Roey , Shpitzer Sagi A , Hir Nabil , Peri Markovich Michal , Shapira Shachar , Fink Noam , Glasberg Elon , Furer Ariel
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 outbreak required prompt action by health authorities around the world in response to a novel threat. With enormous amounts of information originating in sources with uncertain degree of validation and accuracy, it is essential to provide executive-level decision-makers with the most actionable, pertinent, and updated data analysis to enable them to adapt their strategy swiftly and competently.

OBJECTIVE

We report here the origination of a COVID-19 dedicated response in the Israel Defense Forces with the assembly of an operational Data Center for the Campaign against Coronavirus.

METHODS

Spearheaded by directors with clinical, operational, and data analytics orientation, a multidisciplinary team utilized existing and newly developed platforms to collect and analyze large amounts of information on an individual level in the context of SARS-CoV-2 contraction and infection.

RESULTS

Nearly 300,000 responses to daily questionnaires were recorded and were merged with other data sets to form a unified data lake. By using basic as well as advanced analytic tools ranging from simple aggregation and display of trends to data science application, we provided commanders and clinicians with access to trusted, accurate, and personalized information and tools that were designed to foster operational changes and mitigate the propagation of the pandemic. The developed tools aided in the in the identification of high-risk individuals for severe disease and resulted in a 30% decline in their attendance to their units. Moreover, the queue for laboratory examination for COVID-19 was optimized using a predictive model and resulted in a high true-positive rate of 20%, which is more than twice as high as the baseline rate (2.28%, 95% CI 1.63%-3.19%).

CONCLUSIONS

In times of ambiguity and uncertainty, along with an unprecedented flux of information, health organizations may find multidisciplinary teams working to provide intelligence from diverse and rich data a key factor in providing executives relevant and actionable support for decision-making.
Adapting to the Pandemic: Protocol of a Web-Based Perinatal Health Study to Improve Maternal and Infant Outcomes (Preprint)
Authors: Tzilos Wernette Golfo , Countryman Kristina , Mmeje Okeoma , Ngo Quyen M , Zlotnick Caron
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

The identification of interconnected health risks during the perinatal period offers an opportunity to prevent negative maternal and infant health outcomes. Marijuana, opioid, and other substance use during pregnancy is a rapidly growing public health concern with significant and costly health consequences for the woman and the developing fetus. Pregnant persons who misuse substances are disproportionately more likely to engage in risky sexual behaviors resulting in sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which are on the rise in this population and can lead to adverse effects on maternal health and on fetal development.

OBJECTIVE

Our goal is to continue testing an innovative and low-cost technology-delivered intervention, the Health Check-Up for Expectant Moms (HCEM), which simultaneously targets alcohol and drug use and STI risk during pregnancy, both of which are on the rise during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

We describe the ways in which we have adapted the web-based HCEM intervention to continue recruitment and study enrollment during the pandemic.

RESULTS

Study recruitment, visits, and participant safety assessments were all successfully modified during the initial year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Compared to in-person recruitment that occurred prepandemic, remote recruitment yielded a greater proportion of women enrolled in the study (83/136, 61.0% vs 43/52, 83%) in a shorter period (12 months vs 7 months).

CONCLUSIONS

Despite study challenges related to the pandemic, including time and effort adapting to a remote protocol, remote recruitment and visits for this study were found to constitute a successful approach.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03826342; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03826342

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/30367
From vertical to Horizontal Healthcare: The Next-Generation Medicine (Preprint)
Authors: Pino Luis , Triana Ivan , Mejia Jorge , Large Eduardo , Large Juan
Published: September 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

Approach: This is a theorical reflection about Next-Generation Medicine, which is the first step to begin with an exponential medical healthcare and break with past models.
Findings: In the past, the medical healthcare relied on an evidence-based practice to provide the best treatment options for patients, however, since 2010 a strong economic wave has shaped the perspective into a value-based medicine framework. We are facing new social dynamics and megatrends in our society. The emergence of 4.0 technologies is leading us to a pathway where a next-generation medicine will create an exponential value for the overall healthcare ecosystem.
Originality: Next-Generation Medicine (NGM) integrates healthcare into digital ecosystems linked by innovative interfaces, advanced analytics, centric customer models and digital epidemiology surrounding a new concept of health and disease management. NGM is based in four core capabilities of physicians: Creativity, Collaboration, Communication and Critical thinking added to advanced digital operations that creates a systemic risk management. This integration is developed using bidirectional and integrative digital platforms operated by AI/ML connected to IoT and data collection in the cloud or in the edge computing. It is time for healthcare visionaries to set prejudice aside and start contemplating the amazing landscape that Next-Generation Medicine could offer.
Framing of and Attention to COVID-19 on Twitter: Thematic Analysis of Hashtags (Preprint)
Authors: Tahamtan Iman , Potnis Devendra , Mohammadi Ehsan , Miller Laura E , Singh Vandana
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Although past research has focused on COVID-19–related frames in the news media, such research may not accurately capture and represent the perspectives of people from diverse backgrounds. Additionally, research on the public attention to COVID-19 as reflected through frames on social media is scarce.

OBJECTIVE

This study identified the frames about the COVID-19 pandemic in the public discourse on Twitter, which voices diverse opinions. This study also investigated the amount of public attention to those frames on Twitter.

METHODS

We collected 22 trending hashtags related to COVID-19 in the United States and 694,582 tweets written in English containing these hashtags in March 2020 and analyzed them via thematic analysis. Public attention to these frames was measured by evaluating the amount of public engagement with frames and public adoption of those frames.

RESULTS

We identified 9 frames including “public health guidelines,” “quarantine life,” “solidarity,” “evidence and facts,” “call for action,” “politics,” “post-pandemic life,” “shortage panic,” and “conflict.” Results showed that some frames such as “call for action” are more appealing than others during a global pandemic, receiving greater public adoption and engagement. The “call for action” frame had the highest engagement score, followed by “conflict” and “evidence and facts.” Additionally, “post-pandemic life” had the highest adoption score, followed by “call for action” and “shortage panic.” The findings indicated that the frequency of a frame on social media does not necessarily mean greater public adoption of or engagement with the frame.

CONCLUSIONS

This study contributes to framing theory and research by demonstrating how trending hashtags can be used as new user-generated data to identify frames on social media. This study concludes that the identified frames such as “quarantine life” and “conflict” and themes such as “isolation” and “toilet paper panic” represent the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The consequences could be (1) exclusively related to COVID-19, such as hand hygiene or isolation; (2) related to any health crisis such as social support of vulnerable groups; and (3) generic that are irrespective of COVID-19, such as homeschooling or remote working.
Increasing vaccine uptake in Sudan: Development of a web-based intervention (Preprint)
Authors: Sabahelzain Majdi , Crutzen Rik , Moukhyer Mohamed , Bosma Hans , van den Borne Bart
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

WHO described Vaccine hesitancy in 2019 as one of the top 10 threats to global health in high, and low, and middle-income countries. Various communication approaches have been used to engage the public about vaccines and immunization such as mass media and e-health strategies. With the expansion in the use of communication technologies in health in recent years, websites have increasingly been used to support vaccine acceptance and demand and thus increase vaccine uptake. We recently established a web-based intervention called the Tat3im initiative website in Sudan. It aims to increase uptake of vaccines in Sudan by increasing knowledge and addressing issues related to vaccine hesitancy and vaccine safety in the Arabic language

OBJECTIVE

This article describes the processes that we used to develop and improve this website including the creation of its content.

METHODS

These processes were informed by using and combining three sources including, Garrett’s user experience framework as a basis for the development, the WHO Vaccine Safety Net's (VSN) criteria for good information practices (i.e. credibility, content (quality and quantity), design and accessibility criteria), and previous relevant research that assessed the local context in Sudan.

RESULTS

We found that using such evidence as well as combining the VSN's criteria and previous research findings in the five planes of Garrett's framework enabled us to cover many essential elements of user experience and to address issues related to the website’s strategy and content.

CONCLUSIONS

As the website may be limited due to the high rates of illiteracy as well as relatively low internet use in Sudan, we suggest using social marketing to promote the use of the website as well as monitoring and evaluating the website and users’ experience using different approaches such as visitor traffic and qualitative measures.
Peer Review of “A Full-Scale Agent-Based Model to Hypothetically Explore the Impact of Lockdown, Social Distancing, and Vaccination During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Lombardy, Italy: Model Development” (Preprint)
Authors: Anonymous Anonymous
Published: September 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report.
Web-Based Single Session Intervention for Perceived Control Over Anxiety During COVID-19: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Mullarkey Michael , Dobias Mallory , Sung Jenna , Ahuvia Isaac , Shumake Jason , Beevers Christopher , Schleider Jessica
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Anxiety is rising across the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic, and social distancing mandates preclude in-person mental health care. Greater perceived control over anxiety has predicted decreased anxiety pathology, including adaptive responses to uncontrollable stressors. Evidence suggests that no-therapist, single-session interventions can strengthen perceived control over emotions like anxiety; similar programs, if designed for the COVID-19 context, could hold substantial public health value.

OBJECTIVE

Our registered report evaluated a no-therapist, single-session, online intervention targeting perceived control over anxiety in the COVID-19 context against a placebo intervention encouraging handwashing. We tested whether the intervention could (1) decrease generalized anxiety and increase perceived control over anxiety and (2) achieve this without decreasing social-distancing intentions.

METHODS

We tested these questions using a between-subjects design in a weighted-probability sample of US adults recruited via a closed online platform (ie, Prolific). All outcomes were indexed via online self-report questionnaires.

RESULTS

Of 522 randomized individuals, 500 (95.8%) completed the baseline survey and intervention. Intent-to-treat analyses using all randomized participants (N=522) found no support for therapeutic or iatrogenic effects; effects on generalized anxiety were d=–0.06 (95% CI –0.27 to 0.15; P=.48), effects on perceived control were d=0.04 (95% CI –0.08 to 0.16; P=.48), and effects on social-distancing intentions were d=–0.02 (95% CI –0.23 to 0.19; P=.83).

CONCLUSIONS

Strengths of this study included a large, nationally representative sample and adherence to open science practices. Implications for scalable interventions, including the challenge of targeting perceived control over anxiety, are discussed.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04459455; https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT04459455
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE (ABR) AND COMMUNITY PHARMACIST: A REVIEW
Authors: C DENNY DEEPTHI , KARAN S
Published: September 2021

Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is a major growing global issue. The WHO report points out high proportions of resistance to common bacterial infections in all regions of the world. Common factors associated with resistance include non-adherence to the prescribed course, improper way of disposing the antibiotics (ABs), misuse and abuse, overuse, and underuse of antibiotics. Another complimenting factor for the increase in the antibiotic resistance is self-medication with antibiotics. This all has caused many infectious diseases to be untreatable. Community pharmacists act as primary source of healthcare information providers to whom the patient directly seeks medical advices. Thus, they can play a central role in ensuring the safer use of antibiotics in the community.
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND MEDICINAL STUDY OF LANTANA CAMARA LINN. (VERBENACEAE) - A REVIEW
Authors: BATTASE LALITA , ATTARDE DAKSHA
Published: September 2021

Lantana camara is a plant from the family - Verbenaceae. It is found in many states of India, mostly in Jammu-Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, South India, Uttar Pradesh, and several parts of Maharashtra and other countries also. Mainly in disturbed areas, including roadside, railway tracks, and canals. It is an ornamental plant but, in ancient times, it was used traditionally. The plant having various traditional uses. Parts of plant extracts are used traditionally such as the healing of wounds, cuts, skin itches, and eczema. The plant containing many more phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, and coumarins. It has various pharmacological activities antioxidant, antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal, antiulcerogenic, anthelmintic, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticancer, antitubercular, etc. It also having mosquito larvicidal activity. This review article was written by the study of many research and review articles from 1956 to March 2021 in which 72 articles were cited. This article reviewed different phytochemicals present in L. camara. The review draws attention to the traditional uses, analytical work, pharmacological activities, and toxicology of this plant and also the potential uses of this plant.
PILOT STUDY OF LOWER UTERINE SEGMENT CESAREAN SCAR THICKNESS PREOPERATIVELY BY TRANSVAGINAL SONOGRAPHY AND ITS CORRELATION WITH INTRA-OPERATIVE FINDINGS
Authors: NAVDEEP KAUR  , MANJIT MOHI  , SARABJIT KAUR  , SARYU GUPTA
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Cesarean section rates are increasing with a decrease in the rate of trial of labor after first cesarean section. Proper assessment of uterus especially scar of the previous lower segment cesarean sections (LSCS) in pregnant females is the key stone for the successful vaginal birth after cesarean section. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate LSCS scar thickness using transvaginal sonography (TVS) and to determine the correlation between TVS and intraoperatively measured lower uterine segment cesarean scar thickness.
Methods: This prospective observational analytic pilot study was carried out jointly by the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Radiodiagnosis, Government Medical College and Rajindra Hospital, Patiala after due ethical and research committee approval. 100 women at term with history of previous LSCS and who were scheduled for elective LSCS were recruited for the study after taking the informed consent. Pre-operative scar measurement as on TVS was compared with and analyzed with intraoperative (I/o) scar measurements taken by Calipers.
Results: The cutoff value for TVS readings was found to be ≤2.5 mm using receiver operating characteristic analysis. It has significant correlation with I/o scar measurements. It also has a significant relationship with age, pre-pregnancy overweight, number of the previous LSCS, and gestational age.
Conclusion: Assessment of the scar integrity and quality by TVS will be helpful in selecting candidates for trial of labor with an optimally informed decision but still a number of studies have to be done to develop a robust scoring system.
A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON NUTRITIONAL STATUS ASSESSMENT AND MORBIDITY PATTERN OF ADOLESCENTS (10–16 YEARS) RESIDING IN URBAN SLUMS OF AMRITSAR, PUNJAB
Authors: SINGH JASMEET , MAHAJAN SANJEEV , SS DEEPTI , SINGH TEJBIR , KUMARI RUCHIKA , PADDA PREETI
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To assess the nutritional status and morbidity pattern of adolescents age 10–16 years and to determine the various factors associated with under-nutrition.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 1600 households which were selected by systematic random sampling method from 64 slum areas. All adolescents aged 10–16 years were included. Required information was collected on a pretested performa. Height and weight were measured to assess their nutritional status and haemoglobin estimation was done by Sahli’s method. Descriptive statistics (frequencies and proportions) and univariate logistic regression were done to determine various factors associated with under nutrition.
Results: Out of 603 study participants, 75% of adolescents were under-weight. About 82.3% had anemia. About 36% suffered from one or more infectious disease in the last 3 months. Going to school, occupation, female sex, and suffering from any infectious disease in the past 3 months were found to be associated with malnutrition. Addiction was reported in 9% of study participants.
Conclusions: High prevalence of under-nutrition and anemia in our study reflects inequitable distribution of resources, low purchasing capacity of foods, and unequal food sharing patterns in families making them socially and biologically vulnerable.
Publicaciones científicas sobre COVID-19 ¿La evidencia presentada es de alta calidad?
Authors: Vizcaino Gilberto
Published: September 2021

Editorial
Strategi Belajar Sq3r (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review) dalam Upaya Peningkatan Pemahaman Bacaan Siswa
Authors: Sobri Sobri
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan ingin mengetahui efektivitas metode SQ3R (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review) dalam meningkatkan pemahaman bacaan bahasa Indonesia siswa. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik observasi dan studi pustaka dari berbagai sumber yang ada relevansi dengan upaya peningkatan pemahaman bacaan siswa. Adapun hasilnya dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode SQ3R dapat meningkatkan pemahaman bacaan siswa. Hal ini terbukti siswa menjadi pembaca yang aktif dan terarah sehingga mereka dapat memahami isi bacaan yang tersirat dan yang tersurat secara efektif, adanya peningkatan kemampuan berkomunikasi siswa, dan perbedaan hasil belajar nilai rata-rata membaca bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas X SMA Mathla’ul Anwar Menes. Dengan demikian, metode  SQ3R sangat tepat digunakan dalam pembelajaran membaca untuk meningkatkan pemahaman bacaan secara optimal. Namun demikian, mengingat adanya beberapa keterbatasan pada penelitian ini maka perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan dengan menggunakan data yang lebih besar dengan persentase observasi yang lebih tinggi untuk menjamin akurasi data.
Comparison of the effect of oral diphenhydramine and midazolam on sedation of children
Authors: Naeimi Bafghi Neda , NaeimiBafghi Naeimeh , Salajegheh Shirin
Published: September 2021

Objectives:  The aim of this study was to compare the effect of diphenhydramine and midazolam on sedation of children.
Methods: This clinical trial was performed on children aged 1 to 7 years who referred to the emergency department for diagnostic radiology. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of midazolam and diphenhydramine. Then, 30 minutes before the start of the procedure, 0.5 mg /kg was given to the midazolam group and 0.5 cc /kg to the diphenhydramine group. If sedation occurred, the child was separated from the parents and transferred to a diagnostic procedure. After performing the intended diagnostic procedure, the information sheet was completed and the patient's vital signs were checked again. The data were then analyzed by SPSS version 19 software.
Results: A total of 74 patients were included in the study. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age and gender (P = 0.89; P = 0.32). The mean sedation in the midazolam and diphenhydramine groups was 1.02 and 1.59 years, respectively. A significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of sedation (P = 0.04), where a greater effect of diphenhydramine on sedation was observed.
Conclusion: The findings showed that the use of diphenhydramine resulted in effective sedation for children. Due to the fact that the main problem with midazolam is its bitter taste, which makes children reluctant to eat it, the use of diphenhydramine can be recommended
The effect of Bispectral index monitoring during induction of anesthesia on the amount of propofol consumtion in patients candidates for surgery
Authors: Boroojeny Shahram Borjian , Hojjat Seyedeh Maryam
Published: September 2021

Objectives:  This study investigated the effect of Bispectral index (BIS) during induction of anesthesia on the amount of propofol consumed in patient candidates for surgery.
 Methods: This double-blind clinical trial study was performed on patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia in a hospital. Patients were divided into case and control groups. After being transferred to the operating room, patients were monitored including ECG 3 or 5 leads, non-invasive barometer, and pulse oximetry. Mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were measured before and after induction, immediately, and 5 minutes after intubation. The dose of propofol was then measured. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software version 20.
Results: In the present study, no significant difference was found between the mean age and gender (P> 0.05). The amount of propofol consumed in the case group was significantly lower than the control group (P = 0.039) and the amount of propofol consumed in men and women was not statistically significant (P <0.05). Mean arterial blood pressure before induction was not statistically significant between the two groups (P = 0.83). However, a statistically significant difference was found in the mean arterial blood pressure of the patients during the 4-time points (P = 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in heart rate between patients before induction (P = 0.48). Statistical analysis of data by ANOVA test did not show a significant interaction between time and group (P = 0.418 and P = 0.74). However, a statistically significant difference was found in patients' heart rate during the 4-time points (F = 7.59 and P = 0.001). Moreover, a significant increase was observed in heart rate after intubation in both groups (P = 0.001).
Conclusion: The use of BIS can be effective in reducing the amount of propofol consumed and its side effects. The condition of patients under general anesthesia can be improved by BIS, resulting in the improvement of their subsequent condition.
Food groups that exacerbate Sinusitis among Saudi Patients
Authors: Murad Manal Abdulaziz , Abousada Hoda Jehad , Aldugman Ghaida Abdullah , Qusti Nesreen Nabeel , Alsulaimani Shahad Daifalla , Al Nahari Sahira Jilan , Alnaimi Mona Ibrahim , Alsarsh Aouss Khalid
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Chronic rhinosinusitis is an extremely common health complaint which decreases productivity and quality of life. The objective of this study was to identify associations between specific food categories and aggravation of symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis. Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional questionnaire study. Patients provided details about the categories of food that they consumed, as well as symptoms related to sinusitis. The data was extracted onto a spreadsheet and analysed using chi-square testing. Results: A small percentage of patients (4%) associated food categories with exacerbations of sinus symptoms. Chocolate was the most common trigger, followed by white flour foods. Several patients (33%) were not aware of the association between food and sinus symptoms. Conclusion: Some food categories can exacerbate sinusitis in a specific population subset. Patients should be encouraged to maintain a food diary so that they can identify relevant triggers and these can be avoided in the future.
Logic of Determinative Analysis of Agglutinative and Inflectional Languages (Part 2)
Authors: Valentinova Olga I. , Rybakov Mikhail A.
Published: September 2021

The goal that the authors of the article set for themselves is to specify causal relationships between the systemic determinant of a linguistic type and its particular specific features at the levels of phonetics, morphology and syntax. The object of study is the agglutinative and inflectional types of languages that lie between the limiting manifestations of proximity and remoteness of individual consciousnesses. In their work, the authors rely on the systemic methodology of determinant typological analysis, developed in the 1960s - 70s by the founder of modern systems linguistics, Professor Gennady P. Melnikov.
La ciudad hispanoamericana fragmentada versus su sostenibilidad
Authors: Czerny Miroslawa , Czerny Andrzej
Published: September 2021

La ciudad hispanoamericana, con rasgos estructurales muy característicos y duraderos, está pasandopor profundos cambios en su diseño urbanístico y en su esquema funcional interno. De un modelo simple de su estructura socio-funcional-espacial se convierte en un patchwork de funciones, diseños arquitectónicos y niveles de servicios. La ciudad aparece cada vez más fragmentada en su tejido urbano, toma la forma de fragmentos separados de un espacio que no unen casi nada y que representan nuevos terrenos para la urbanización. El propósito de este artículo es identificar los principales determinantes de la fragmentación en el espacio geográfico de la ciudad hispanoamericana. Para ello, se empleó una metodología cualitativa que combina la revisión documental con el análisis de los procesos espaciales ocurridos durante las últimas cinco décadas en las ciudades hispanoamericanas. Los hallazgos de este trabajo indican que los principales determinantes de la fragmentación en el espacio geográfico son la fricción y la distancia psicológica, social y económica. Se requiere, entonces, una política urbana integral que suavice la fragmentación en estas ciudades.
Descripción y análisis de perfiles de consumo responsable en estudiantes de Ingeniería Industrial
Authors: Sepúlveda-Chaverra Juan David , Marriaga-Meza Katty Alexandra , Salas Romero Edgar Julio
Published: September 2021

El punto 12 de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible (ODS) de Naciones Unidas busca “garantizar modalidades de consumo y producción responsable” mediante una estrategia de fomento del uso racional y eficiente de recursos, impactando en la mejora de la calidad de vida de las personas y minimizando los impactos de las actividades humanas. La alimentación es un factor clave para generar estrategias que favorezcan el cumplimiento de este objetivo y por ello, con el propósito de identificar alternativas para la disminución de estos impactos y generar prácticas sostenibles, este trabajo busca analizar los patrones de consumo de alimentos en las fases de adquisición, uso y disposición final de residuos en los estudiantes de Ingeniería Industrial de la Universidad del Atlántico (Barranquilla – Colombia). Se aplicó el modelo del cubo, desarrollado en el Instituto Técnico de Berlín, enfocado en la identificación y promoción de comportamientos encaminados hacia el consumo responsable, además del reconocimiento del impacto que estos tienen en el ambiente y en la sociedad en general. Se identificaron tres perfiles de consumo, influenciados principalmente por condiciones socioeconómicas, y se encontró que, aunque exista una cultura ambiental en los individuos, sus comportamientos están condicionados por el contexto y el entorno en que se desenvuelven.
Estudios económicos en la encrucijada
Authors: Sánchez-Bayón Antonio
Published: September 2021

Estudio crítico-heurístico (basado en la revisión del conocimiento y sus contrariedades, más su constructivismo educativo), para acometer un balance de los problemas científico-universitarios de la economía, por su reducción epistemológica y metodológica (de ciencia analítico-empírica a experimental, con énfasis econométrico). Ante el riesgo de extinción, por su excesiva identificación con las ciencias naturales y el modelo de economía de bienestar estatal, se plantea aquí una revolución epistemológica de regreso a sus raíces (como son las ciencias jurídicas), además de prestar atención a las disciplinas duales de fundamentos y reconexión (desde la Economía política a la Economía aplicada). Así se viene haciendo desde el renovador enfoque Economía global y gestión intercultural de las Escuelas de economía de agua dulce y las Escuelas de negocios, para preparar a los estudiantes con fundamentos revisados, que les permitan afrontar con éxito la transición digital y la transformación cultural empresarial y profesional.
Relación gobernaza y politícas de sostenibilidad en el sector bioenergético del Valle del Cauca
Authors: Castro Arbeláez María Fanny , Obregón Morales Jhoyner
Published: September 2021

El propósito de este trabajo es identificar la tipología de la gobernanza que ejerce la empresa líder de la cadena de valor del sector de la bioenergía del Valle del Cauca con sus proveedores, si el tipo de gobernanza es determinante en la transmisión de politicas de sostenibilidad. Para cumplir con este objetivo se hace un estudio de caso de cinco empresas líderes analizadas desde la perspectiva de la tipologia de gobernanza de (Gereffi, Humphrey y Sturgeon, 2005) a saber: Grupo Agroindustrial Riopaila Castilla; Manuelita, S.A.; Carvajal S.A. Pulpa y Papel; Gases de Occidente; y Smurfit Kappa Cartón de Colombia, S.A., las cuales son empresas relevantes y capaces de transferir políticas de sostenibilidad a sus proveedores. Los resultados indican que en la cadena de valor de este sector predominan los tipos de gobernanza cautiva y modular, lo que facilita la adopción de políticas de sostenibilidad por parte de los proveedores, pues estas empresas cuentan con políticas de sostenibilidad claramente definidas que se difunden a sus proveedores. Lo anterior indica que están dadas las condiciones para que se configure una cadena de valor sostenible.