bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF NOVEL STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR QUANTIFICATION OF ALIMEMAZINE IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National College of Pharmacy, Shimoga – 577 201, Karnataka, India, S. Manchi Anil Kumar , Shetty A Satish Kumar , D. Nayak Satyanarayan
Published: June 2022

Specific stability-indicating reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method has been developed and validated for the quantification of alimemazine in bulk drug and pharmaceutical dosage forms. Chromatographic separation was done on C 18 column (250 mm X 4.6 mm X 5 µm) using a mobile phase containing a mixture of methanol: 0.02 M potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate buffer in the ratio 75:25 V/V (pH was maintained at 3.0 by using o-phosphoric acid) on isocratic mode at flow rate of 1.0 mL min-1 and detection wavelength of 257 nm. The retention time of alimemazine was found to be 4.528 min with linearity in the concentration range from 10 – 50 µg mL-1. The mean percentage recovery of alimemazine was found to be 99.3 – 100.62 %. The percent relative standard values were less than 2.0 % at all the levels, indicating a satisfactory accuracy and precision of the method. Performed robustness study was found to meet the acceptance criteria. In order to check the selectivity of the proposed method, degradation studies were carried out using hydrolysis (acid and alkali), oxidation, photolytic and thermal degradation conditions. The developed method, after being validated in terms of precision, accuracy, LOD, LOQ and robustness was successively applied to the analysis of pharmaceutical formulation.
EFFECT OF HYDROPHILIC POLYMER ON DESIGN EXPERT ASSISTED ORO-DISPERSIBLE STRIP (ODS) OF ISOSORBIDE MONONITRATE
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics, Rajarshi Shahu College of Pharmacy, Buldana - 443 001, Maharashtra, India, N. Kendre Prakash , R. Aher Akash , K. Vibhute Somnath , K. Pote Ajinkya , V. Deshmane Subhash , P. Jain Shirish
Published: June 2022

Oral conventional formulations like tablets, capsules and liquids have many limitations. Due to this and patient incompliance, there is a need to develop new formulations with better efficiency and stability. The aim of the present study was to develop and optimize fast dissolving Oro-dispersible strips (ODS) of isosorbide mononitrate by 32 -full factorial design. HPMC E15 (X1 ) concentration and glycerin (X2 ) concentration were selected as the independent variables, whereas, in vitro disintegration time (Y1 ), percent drug release (Y2 ) and tensile strength (Y3 ) were selected as dependent variables. Fast dissolving Oro-dispersible strips of isosorbide mononitrate were prepared by the solvent casting method.Tensile strength, disintegration time and in vitro dissolution of ODS of the strip were found to be within accepted range for optimized formulation. Statistical validity of the polynomials was established by ANOVA using Design-Expert software. The study suggests isosorbide mononitrate fast dissolving Oro-dispersible strip as potential alternative dosage form in management of angina pectoris.
IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF PORTULACA QUADRIFIDA IN MALE ALBINO WISTAR RATS
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Pharmacy, C.B.D. Belapur, Navi Mumbai – 400 614, Maharashtra, India, A. Vaidya Saumil , R. Dhande Swati
Published: June 2022

Immunomodulators are substances that stimulate, restore, suppress, or help to produce (adjuvant) or increase the desired immune response. Portulaca quadrifida is a traditional plant in the Ayurvedic system of medicine which has been reported to show a variety of therapeutic activities. This study was performed to investigate the immunomodulatory activity of P. quadrifida. Ethanolic extract of whole plant was administered orally at doses of 200 mg kg-1 and 400 mg kg-1 and septilin was used as reference standard. Septilin from Himalaya herbals is an ayurvedic polyherbal formulation. Septilin contains extracts and powders of Balsamodendron mukul and Shankh bhasma, and extracts of Maharasnadi quath, Tinospora cordifolia, Rubia cordifolia, Emblica officinalis, Moringa pterygosperma and Glycyrrhiza glabra. Septilin has been reported to possess immunomodulatory and antibacterial activity and it has been used in treatment of acute and chronic infections. The activity was determined by measuring delayed-type hypersensitivity, antibody titre, neutrophil adhesion and haematological parameters in sensitized rats. The study showed that there was significant increase in the total white blood cell count, antibody titre strength and neutrophil adhesion. The results clearly indicate that P. quadrifida shows potential immunostimulant activity at doses of 200 mg kg-1 and 400 mg kg-1.
La nave ‘Maria’ a Grammata, Syros (Cicladi)
Authors: Rocca Giovanna
Published: June 2022

Tra i graffiti incisi sulle rocce di Grammata, Syros-Cicladi, per epoca e contenuto classificati come ‘cristiani’, quattro sono invocazioni di soccorso e aiuto per la nave chiamata ‘Maria’. Dopo la descrizione del sito, la storia degli studi e una breve presentazione dei graffiti, viene affrontato il problema del nome proprio ‘Maria’ dal punto di vista linguistico e pragmatico soprattutto in concorrenza con i differenti tipi onomastici formulari quali Agia Maria e Theotokos che troviamo in altre testi dalle Cicladi.
Survival and growth of exotic grasses under plantations of ACACIA mollissima in north-west Himalaya
Authors: Gupta B. , Chib Bandana , Thakur S.
Published: June 2022

The experiment was conducted in the existing plantations of A. mollissima having three density classes (D1, D2 and D3) at Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Solan (India). Adjacent grassland was considered as control. Three exotic grasses viz., Setaria sphacelata var. Narok (S1), Setaria sphacelata var. Kajungula (S2) and Panicum maximum (S3) were planted under each density class and the grassland in the month of July. Survival and growth parameters (density and basal area) of these grasses were recorded after first growing season. Survival (%), density and basal area of exotic grasses decreased significantly under trees. Survival (%) varied from 73.33 to 82.22 in grassland and 50.00 to 7.8% under plantations. Density (tillers/m2) of exotic grasses varied from 28.42 to 39.47 in grassland and 11.92 to 27.22 under plantations. Basal area (cm2/m2) of the grasses ranged from 9.56 to 43.05 in grassland and 0.58 to 15.19 under plantations. D3 density of trees showed more adverse effects on grasses followed by D2 and D1. Among the three grasses Panicum maximum showed more tolerance to the effect of trees. However, the other two grasses showed moderate success under trees.
Floristic diversity of arboreal communities in the high altitude deserts of Ladakh
Authors: Raj Anup , Sharma Poonam
Published: June 2022

Analysis of woody components of 4 communities in Nubra valley of Ladakh revealed that Hippophae rhamnoides was the most dominant species sharing 31 per cent of total importance value. Across the communities within landscape relative dominance of this species decreased from 77.76 per cent on most hydric sites (along river bank) to merely 0.27 per cent on most xeric sites (dry rocks). On the other hand, relative dominance of Ephedra gerardiana and Berberis ulicina increased with increasing aridity of sites. Productivity-diversity relationship followed unimodal curve which peaked at sites along streams. Maximum species turnover rate was found across the sites along steams while the most xeric sites were more uniform within.
The Application of Fuzzy Collaborative Intelligence to Detect COVID-19 Minor Symptoms
Authors:   American University in the Emirates, Dubai, UAE, Abualkishik Abedallah Zaid
Published: June 2022

Coronavirus Illness 2019 (COVID-19), a rare disease carried by a coronavirus known as a novel coronavirus, is now posing a danger to the whole planet. Despite the rising number of cases, there is no commercially available vaccination for COVID-19. The moderate symptoms of COVID-19 illness, on the other hand, may be treated with a variety of antiviral treatments. Even yet, selecting the optimum antiviral medication to manage the moderate symptom of COVID-19 is a difficult and ambiguous option. Selecting a drug might be challenging. Fuzzy collaborative intelligence (FCI) was presented in this research as a solution to solve the difficulty of evaluating the appropriateness of a drug selection. In the FCI method, the fuzzy inverse of column sum, partial consensus fuzzy intersection, and fuzzy procedure for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution. To show the practicality and usefulness of the created approach in real-world applications, a case study of medication choice for COVID-19 illness is being investigated.
Evaluating Smart Agricultural Production Efficiency using Fuzzy MARCOS method
Authors:   American University in the Emirates, Dubai, UAE, Abualkishik Abedallah Zaid ,   American University in the Emirates, Dubai, UAE,   Towson University, Towson University, Maryland's University, USA, .. Rasha , Thompson William
Published: June 2022

Agricultural production efficiency can be improved, the environment can be improved, and sustainable agricultural development can be achieved with smart agriculture. Several nations and businesses are devoted to developing or introducing innovative agricultural practices and technologies. As long as conventional agricultural management systems are in place, it's going to be tough for businesses to choose and apply smart agriculture solutions without running into stiff competition. As a result, businesses must weigh their options and choose a workable solution ahead of time. There is a novel fuzzy multi-criteria decision model presented in this research that may be used to evaluate the agriculture solution. We created fuzzy MARCOS, which uses the COmpromise Solution's Measurement Alternatives and Ranking Method (fuzzy MARCOS). Triangular fuzzy numbers (TFNs) linguistic dimension was also developed. According to this technique, the criteria weights used to evaluate the road network parts were calculated. Consequently, it is clear that a certain part of agriculture is affected by the study results.
Outcomes of Orthopaedic Infections in Recreational Intravenous Drug Users Requiring Long-term Antibiotic Treatment
Authors: Stockwell Erin , Rinehart Kent , Boes Emily , Pietrok Allyson , Hewlett Angela , Hartman Curtis , Streubel Philipp
Published: June 2022

Patients who participate in recreational injection drug use (RIVDU) have an increased risk of orthopaedic infections requiring prolonged treatment with intravenous antibiotics. This study reviews clinical outcomes and complications in RIVDU and have orthopaedic infections requiring long term antibiotic therapy (>4 weeks) and compares these outcomes to non-RIVDU patients. In this retrospective review, patients were divided into cohorts based on RIVDU history; the RIVDU cohort was further divided into subcohorts based on treatment location. Cohorts and subcohorts were compared to evaluate clinical outcomes. Between the two main cohorts, there was a statistically significant difference in treatment compliance (P = 0.0012) and no statistically significant differences for infection resolution at 6- or 12-month follow-up, hospital readmission, or mortality. At the 6-month follow-up, RIVDU patients who remained inpatient had 100% resolution of infection, which was significantly better than the resolution of all other cohorts (P = 0.0019).

No differences were observed between the remaining subcohorts for resolution of infection by 12 months, catheter complications, or loss to follow-up. Our findings demonstrate an increased rate of failure in outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy in RIVDU patients, and this population has better clinical outcomes when they remain inpatient for the duration of treatment.
Penggunaan Teknik “Ceriakan” Pembelajaran untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Memahami Materi Perilaku Menyimpang
Authors: Sarwono Sarwono
Published: June 2022

Tujuan yang hendak dicapai dalam penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan upaya peningkatan kemampuan memahami perilaku menyimpang dengan teknik CERIAKAN pembelajaran pada siswa kelas X IPS SMA Negeri 1 Sooko Semester Genap Taun Pelajaran 2021/2022. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (Classroom Action Research/CAR). Penelitian dan solusi disusun sesuai dengan permasalahan yang terjadi pada proses pembelajaran di kelas dan dialami oleh guru pada kompetensi dasar sebelumnya yaitu memahami sosialisasi sebagai proses pembentukan kepribadian. Adapun solusi yang diterapkan pada kompetensi dasar setelahnya tentang memahami terjadinya perilaku menyimpang adalah penggunaan metode pembelajaran inkuiri model “CERIAKAN” sehingga prestasi belajar siswa meningkat. Penelitian tindakan perbaikan dilakukan sebanyak 2 siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari rangkaian kegiatan (1) perencanaan/plaining, (2) pelaksanaan/tindakan/ acting, (3) pengamatan/observing, dan (4) refleksi/reflecting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan model “CERIAKAN” dalam proses pembelajaran terjadi peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa baik berdasarkan hasil evaluasi maupun hasil observasi. Hasil evaluasi siswa, nilai rata-rata kelas ulangan harian pra siklus 67 dengan 6 siswa (27,27%) telah tuntas dan 16 siswa (72,72%) siswa belum tuntas, sedangkan pada siklus 1 nilai rata-rata kelas mencapai 75 dengan 11 siswa (50%) yang tuntas dan 11 siswa (50%) belum tuntas dan pada siklus 2 terjadi peningkatan menjadi 81 dengan 21 siswa (95,45%) tuntas. Jadi secara keseluruhan telah terjadi peningkatan sebesar 15 poin dari pra siklus hingga siklus.
Corporate Social Responsibility for Employee Retention and Engagement in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: a Case Study in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Hong Thu , Pham Tran Phu
Published: June 2022

The article evaluates the influence of corporate social responsibility awareness (CSR) on employee engagement and retention. Adopting the exploratory factor regression method through four CSR factors, with the data collected from 228 employees in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), the study shows that there are two components of CSR affecting employee engagement and retention, namely responsibility towards the government and responsibility towards customers; in which, that towards the government has a stronger impact. The research results can serve as a useful basis for SMEs to refer to and develop CSR strategies to improve loyalty, employee engagement and retention with the organization, thereby helping enterprises steadily hold human resources, maintaining sustainable business performance.
The Impact of Senses on Purchasing Decisions: Research on F&B Products at Service Points
Authors: Nguyen Hong Quan
Published: June 2022

The study aims to examine the impact of the senses on consumer Buying decisions on F&B products at food service points in Vietnam and to examine the relationship between the impact variables. In this study, research data was done by random survey method with 392 consumers through questionnaire survey and processed by SPSS 22.0 software through reliability analysis steps, factor analysis, factor analysis and linear regression model. The research results show that sight, taste, olfactory, auditory and tactile all positively affect online consumers' buying decisions through using F&B products at point of service.
Antidiabetic Activity of Piper Longum and Stevia Herbal Formulation
Authors: C Surya , Rajeshkumar S , Lakshmi T , Roy Anitha
Published: June 2022

AIM: The aim of the study is to find the antidiabetic activity of piper longum and stevia herbal formulation.
INTRODUCTION: Diabetes Mellitus also known as diabetes is a metabolic disorder which is characterised with increased
blood glucose level. Frequent urination, increased thirst and increased appetite are the common symptoms. Three types
of diabetes are there namely type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes. Piper longum also known as indian long pepper,
belongs to the family piperaceae. It belongs to the indo-malaya region and tropical rainforest region. Stevia rebaudiana
commonly known as candly leaf, sweet leaf and sugar leaf belongs to the genus stevia. Stevia is a natural sweetener and
natural sugar substitute.
MATERIALS AND METHOD: lpha-amylase inhibition was determined by quantifying the amount of maltose liberated
during the experiment. Different concentration of nanoparticles (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 L.) was pre-incubated with
100 L of amylase solution (1U/mL) at room temperature for 30 minutes. DNSA reagent was added to stop the
reaction and the solution was heated in a water bath for 5 minutes. Control was maintained where the equal
quantity of enzyme extract was replaced by sodium phosphate buffer maintained at a pH value of 6.9.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The bar graph represents the antidiabetic activity of piper longum and stevia herbal formulation
in various concentrations in L. 10 %L of concentration shows 45% of inhibition, 20 % L of concentration shows 50% of
inhibition, 30% of concentration shows 65% of inhibition, 40% of concentration shows 70% of inhibition and 50 %of
concentration shows 80% of inhibition.
CONCLUSION: From this study it is clear that the fruit of piper longum and stevia leaves has proven to be a better choice
for antidiabetic activity.
Preclinical evaluation of analgesic activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Costus pictus leaves in Wistar albino rats
Authors: C Anathalakshmi , Rao Madhav , K Sarath
Published: June 2022

Background: Pain is the most common symptom in various pathological conditions requiring appropriate treatment with analgesics. Use of analgesics is limited by various adverse drug effects. The present study was aimed to evaluate the analgesic activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Costus pictus leaves in Wistar albino rats.

Aim and Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the analgesic activity of hydroalcoholic extract of C. pictus leaves in Wistar albino rats.

Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 30 Wistar albino rats and was divided into five groups each of six rats. Group-I (Sterile water-equivalent volume/po), Group-II Morphine (5 mg/kg/ip), Group-III CPHAE (200 mg/kg/po), Group-IV CPHAE (400 mg/kg/po), and Group-V Diclofenac (12.5 mg/kg/po). All the rats were administered respective drugs before starting of 30 min of experiment. Central analgesic (Tail clip and hot plate) and peripheral analgesic (Writhing test) methods were used to evaluate the analgesic activity. The data were recorded and analyzed with SPSS software.

Results: Group-II, III, IV and V showed significant analgesic activity compared to Group-I in both central and peripheral animal models. Group-II showed significant effect compared to Group-III and IV in the central analgesic activity. Group-V showed significant effect compared to Group-III and IV in peripheral analgesic activity. Group-IV showed significant effect compared to Group-III.

Conclusion: High dose of (400 mg/kg) C. pictus plant extract showed significant analgesic activity in the central and peripheral animal models compared to low dose.
Does visual reaction time change with gender?
Authors: Shan Retash , Kaur Gurmeet , Manhas Monica , Gupta Mrityunjay , Kumar Surinder , Kumari Tripta
Published: June 2022

Background: The reaction time (RT) of an organism refers to how quickly it reacts to a stimuli. The rate at which the central nervous system analyses sensory data and then executes it as a motor response is measured by RT. The human body responds to different sensory modalities in different ways and at different rates. This is critical in both routine and emergency situations. Gender, age, physical fitness, level of exhaustion, distraction, and alcohol have all been shown to influence RT.

Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to compare the visual RT of first phase MBBS and BDS students to red and green colors.

Materials and Methods: Following ethical approval, 250 first phase medical students, ranging in age from 17 to 20, were selected, and all participants provided written informed consent. Anand Agencies Pune designed an audiovisual RT gadget that was utilized to collect visual response time (VRT). The unpaired t-test was performed to assess the data statistically.

Results: The individuals’ VRT for the colors Red (R) (Mean: 0.199 s) and Green (G) (Mean: 0.218 s) were statistically significant (P < 0.001). In addition, the variance of VRT in men (Mean: [R] 0.192 s, [G] 0.206 s) was significantly greater than in females (Mean: [R] 0.209 s, [G] 0.226 s; P < 0.001). The results were tallied and examined statistically.

Conclusion: As a result of our research, we discovered that the VRT for green was significantly greater than that of red. This might be due to the fact that green takes longer to process than red. Males react to stimuli faster than females.
The pattern of adverse effects related to antimicrobial therapy in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: T Reema , M Anuradha , George Ancy , N Sruthi
Published: June 2022

Background: Antimicrobial drugs are life-saving drugs but they come with their own share of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Institutional drug policy helps in the rational use of the antimicrobial for the given clinical condition. This helps in controlling the development of resistance as well as minimizing adverse events.

Aims and Objectives: This study aims to share the pattern of adverse reactions seen to the commonly prescribed antimicrobials.

Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective, observational study. The data of patients, admitted to a tertiary care center in North Kerala who reported adverse effects related to antimicrobial treatment, were obtained from the case files from the medical record library. ADRs with antimicrobials reported during the period from November 2018 to November 2019 were obtained and the data were expressed as percentages in Microsoft excel. Causality assessment was done using the world health organization casualty scale.

Results: 92 case reports were analyzed. Among the different antimicrobials used, Ciprofloxacin was the most commonly prescribed antimicrobial (18.5%) followed by ceftriaxone (12%). 13 different patterns of ADRs were obtained following the use of these drugs, among which allergic reactions to drugs were the most common (71.7%) with a causality assessment showing it to be the probable cause.

Conclusion: The monitoring of ADRs to antimicrobials is the need of the hour. This study helped in determining the different patterns of ADRs with antimicrobials. Active surveillance and complete reporting help in identifying these and reporting and managing them to prevent such occurrences in the future.
Perceptions of medication errors and factors contributing to it among health-care providers in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Reddy Nivedita , V Narayana , Nandimath Meena
Published: June 2022

Background: The use of drugs in the medical field (health care) to reduce the illness process and suffering in the patients is very common. The drugs used should not harm or introduce a new ailment in the patients, which will indirectly increase the burden to the patient, relatives, and also to the society in many ways.

Aims and Objectives: The primary objective of the study is to assess the awareness about medication errors among various healthcare professionals – doctors, nurses, and pharmacist, also to spread the awareness on avoiding these medication error and suggest remedies to minimize these errors after analyzing the data.

Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive study undertaken after ethical committee approval and conducted by self-reported questionnaires in health-care providers. The participants are grouped into three groups as: Group A: Postgraduates of clinical departments; Group B: Nurses in intensive care unit, casualty and OT; and Group C: Pharmacists. The responses are analyzed using SPSS 17 software.

Results: The study shows all the three groups that are equally involved in the mediation errors in different levels of health administration starting from selection of drugs, prescription writing, dispensing of medicine, and also administration of drugs to the patients.

Conclusion: Many issues are involved in medication errors done by the health-care providers in different levels of care giving which should be corrected and minimized using latest technologies, reducing the overworking, conducting the lectures, seminars regularly will reduce the occurrence of the incidence, and suffering in such patients.
Expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/neu in gallbladder carcinoma in North Indian population
Authors: Vikash Vikash , Johri Nidhi , Aswal Priyanka , Kailashiya Vikas , Kumar Mohan
Published: June 2022

Background: Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) although rare is most frequent malignant neoplasm of biliary tract system and sixth most common malignancy of digestive tract. GBC is more common in females and there are studies which show expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 neu (HER2/neu) in GBC suggesting possible molecules for targeted therapy, but results are inconsistent.

Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to find out expression of ER, PR, and HER2/neu in GBC in North Indian population and their possible association with clinicopathological features.

Materials and Methods: A total 59 resected cases of GBC diagnosed by histopathological examination were included in the study. Expression of ER, PR, and HER2/neu was accessed by immunohistochemistry method and correlated with various clinicopathological features.

Results: ER expression was absent in all GBC cases. PR expression was present in only one case. Positive expression of HER2/neu was present in 13 (22%) cases, in which 12 cases were of conventional adenocarcinoma and one case was of papillary adenocarcinoma. Well and moderately differentiated tumor had significantly higher HER2/neu expression as compared to poorly differentiated tumors (P = 0.001). Pre-obese patients had significantly higher HER2/neu expression as compared to non-obese patients (P = 0.008).

Conclusion: In our study, there was no expression of estrogen and PR in GBC in North Indian population. Although small in number, there is a subset of patients who overexpress HER2/neu receptor that may benefit from targeted therapy.
Epidemiological characteristics of patients with breast cancer attending tertiary care hospital in Southern Rajasthan
Authors: Bambora Quresh , Jain Kunal , Gagrani Vaibhav , Sankhla Mamta
Published: June 2022

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of death worldwide. The risk factors for breast cancer can be genetic mutation, age, and family history, reproductive risk factors such as early age at menarche and late age at menopause, older age at first full-term birth, number of children, nulliparity, and duration of breastfeeding.

Aim and Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of the patients with breast cancer attending tertiary care hospital in Southern Rajasthan.

Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective record-based study that was conducted in a tertiary health care hospital in Southern Rajasthan. Data were collected from the case files/records of the patients suffering from breast cancer. Information regarding the demographic details of patients (age at time of diagnosis, religion, place of residence, and education level), reproductive (age at menarche, age at menopause, age at first child birth, duration of breast feeding, and number of children) and life style related data were collected from case files for analysis.

Results: The majority of the patients at the time of diagnosis were between 35 and 45 year age group followed by 46–55 year age group in the present study. The majority of the patients, 72.01% were from urban areas. The most of the patients at the time of diagnosis were in clinical Stage II and III. In the present study, 16% of the patients were <13 years of age at menarche, 12.23% had attained late menopause at >51 years, 7.99% patients had the first child birth at the age of >30 years, and 12.98% patients had the family history of breast cancer.

Conclusion: Breast cancer develops earlier in Indian women compared to Western population and is one of the leading cause of mortality. Early detection and awareness about breast cancer through implementation of public health programs can help in reducing mortality.
Biomechanical cyclic loading test of a synthetic ligament fixation system used for intra-articular stabilization of deficient canine stifles
Authors: Goin Bastien , Buttin Philippe , Lafon Yoann , Massenzio Michel , Viguier Eric , Cachon Thibaut
Published: June 2022

Background: Cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLr) is the most common cause of hindlimb lameness in dogs. Currently, surgical management of CCLr is mostly performed using tibial osteotomy techniques to modify the biomechanical conformation of the affected stifle. These surgical techniques have a significant complication rate, associated with persistent instability of the stifle which may lead to chronic postoperative pain. Over the last decade, studies have been published on various techniques of anatomical CCL reconstruction in veterinary practice, using physiological autografts or woven synthetic implants.
Aim: The aim of this ex vivo biomechanical study is to investigate the ex vivo dynamic biomechanical behavior of a synthetic implant (ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene implant) fixed with interference screws for the treatment of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs, according to a fatigue protocol (48h per test).
Methods: Seven stifles from four skeletally mature canine cadavers were implanted with the synthetic implant. It was fixed with four interference screws inserted in transversal and oblique tunnels in both the distal femur and the proximal tibia. For each case, 100 000 cycles were performed at 0.58Hz, with traction loads ranging from 100N to 210N.
Results: Neither screw-bone assembly rupture nor a pull-out issue were observed during the dynamic tests. The linear stiffness of the implants associated with a fixation system with four interference screws increased over time. The final displacement did not exceed 3mm for five of the seven specimens. Five of the seven synthetic implants yielded to a lengthening in functional range [0: 3 mm]. Linear stiffness was homogeneous among samples, showing a strong dynamic strength of the interference screw-based fixations of the UHMWPE implant in the femoral and tibial bones.
Conclusion: This study completes the existing literature on the biomechanical evaluation of passive stifle stabilization techniques with a testing protocol focused on cyclic loading at a given force level instead of driven by displacement.
These biomechanical results should revive interest in intra-articular reconstruction after rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament in dogs.
Positive Outcomes after Surgical Correction of Grade IV Medial Patellar Luxation in Small Breed Dogs.
Authors: Isaka Mitsuhiro
Published: June 2022

Objective: Medial patellar luxation (MPL) is a common orthopedic condition in dogs. After surgical correction, the recurrent rates appear to be higher and outcomes worse in grade IV than in lower grade MPL. To describe the outcomes of surgical correction of canine grade IV MPL.
Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of 16 dogs (11 females, 5 males; mean age 5.05 years) with 22 stifle joints (8 left and 14 right) that underwent MPL surgery at Rakuno Gakuen University between May 2015 and October 2020. The procedures included capsulorrhaphy, trochlear block recession, tibial tuberosity transposition, medial retinacular release, and lateral fabellotibial suturing. The types of postsurgical complications, including a recurrence of MPL, were recorded.
Results: Twelve of the 16 (75 %) dogs had concurrent contralateral MPL, and two dogs (12.5 %) had concurrent cranial cruciate ligament rupture. The mean follow-up was 12.1 months. No lameness was observed. The outcomes of surgery for grade IV MPL were not associated with bilateral surgery, age, sex, body weight, or the preoperative quadriceps angle. Although none of the dogs showed any major or catastrophic complications following surgery, postoperative minor and major complications were observed in eight of the 22 stifle joints (36.4 %).
Clinical significance: Grade IV MPL is a complex orthopedic disease in dogs that requires surgical patellar realignment to improve limb function. The surgical techniques used in this study were associated with a good prognosis without a surgical revision.
Treatment of portal vein thrombosis using vascular access port implantation in a Dalmatian dog: A case report
Authors: Yoshida Tomohiko , Shimada Kazumi , Mandour Ahmed , Hamabe Lina , Husseiny Hussein , Takeuchi Aki , Ozai Usuke , Uemura Akiko , Tanaka Ryou , Matsuura Katsuhiro
Published: June 2022

Portal vein thrombosis is a disease with potentially deleterious outcomes including portal vein hypertension and intestinal infarction. The factors contributing is various, however, dogs with with acute portal vein thrombosis or multiple thromboses are less likely to survive. Therefore, acute development of portal hypertension has a requires immediate treatment. In this report, A 10-year-old Dalmatian was referred for syncope and azotemia, hyperammonemia. After each examinations including CT scan, we diagnosed with acute portal vein thrombosis with unknown cause. A portal vein port was inserted to prevent and control the portal vein thrombus. The port was placed in abdomen subcutaneously after the position of the catheter were stabilized. Low-molecular-weight heparin was injected from the port to manage thrombosis after the operation. This case responded well to this treatment. Syncope and azotemia, hyperammonemia resolved and no relapse of thrombosis was found six months after the operation. Implantable vascular access port is a drug delivery system with the advantage of dealing with treatment-resistant acute portal vein thrombosis.
ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM AO IDOSO PORTADOR DE ALZHEIMER
Authors: Pereira Jessica RodrigueS , De Oliveira Letycia Parreira , Oliveira Luiz Felipe Martins , Soares Morgana Reis , De Carvalho Rosania Lemes , Matias Paulienne Ramos da Silva
Published: June 2022

A progressão da doença de Alzheimer se dá com o avanço do tempo, tornando-a irreversível e insidiosa, afetando todas as funções cognitivas nos idosos portadores da doença ao apresentarem os primeiros sintomas. Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever,por meio de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, o fenômeno dos desafios enfrentados na assistência de enfermagem durante os cuidados prestados ao idoso portador da Doença de Alzheimer.Tratou-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, observando as preocupações da área pesquisada adicionando as práticas de enfermagem, na qual consultou-se as bases de dados BVS (Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde) Lilacs, MEdline, SciELo, BVS e Pubmed.Analisou 19 artigos que abordavam a assistência de enfermagem a idosos portadores da doença de Alzheimer e os desafios enfrentados durante a prestação de cuidados. Evidenciou-se que a capacitação se faz cada vez mais necessária a esse grupo, sendo que pacientes e osfamiliares necessitam de informações. Ressalta a importância do profissional de enfermagem frente a essa assistência ao idoso portador de Alzheimer.
TUBERCULOSE PULMONAR NO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Santos de Almeida Thiago Tadeu , Boçon Junior Francisco , Pereira de Carvalho Igor , Ferreira Cortez Igor , Machado Martins Higno Rafael , De Almeida Fonseca Marcilene Maria , Sampaio da Fonseca Walter Luiz Moraes
Published: June 2022

Correlacionar dados socioeconômicos epidemiológicos de casos confirmados de tuberculose pulmonar com os fatores de agravo. Estudo descritivo retrospectivo dos casos notificados de Tuberculose Pulmonar registrados no Sistema de Notificação de Agravos, no período de janeiro de 2014 a dezembro de 2019, correlacionados a dados coletados do censo de 2010, Atlas Brasil e do Instituto Trata Brasil. A análise da situação epidemiológica do município do Rio de Janeiro permitiu observar uma correlação multifatorial para as altas taxas de notificação de tuberculose pulmonar. Por conseguinte, investir para melhorar somente um fator dessa complexa relação não terá resultados expressivos. Ou seja, para o Programa Nacional de Controle da Tuberculose na Atenção Básica poder tratar corretamente 100% dos casos de tuberculose diagnosticados e curar pelo menos 85% desses, é preciso investir na Saúde, Infraestrutura e Educação do município do Rio de Janeiro.
PRÁTICA DO FISIOTERAPEUTA INTENSIVISTA E EQUIPE MULTIPROFISSIONAL
Authors: Marques Pereira Sales Emanuela , Cardinalle Correia Viana Márcia , Gurgel Campos Nataly , Stopiglia Guedes Braide Andréa
Published: June 2022

O ambiente hospitalar é fundamentado na integralidade da assistência. Os pacientes graves são atendidos na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. O fisioterapeuta compõe a equipe multiprofissional e participa ativamente nas ações de cuidado ao paciente crítico. Analisar a prática integrada do fisioterapeuta como membro da equipe multiprofissional em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Est¬udo de campo, transversal, quantitativo, realizado de agosto de 2020 a setembro de 2021, por meio de um questionário eletrônico com 49 fisioterapeutas de dois hospitais de Fortaleza. Utilizou-se a análise descritiva dos dados coletados. A integração multiprofissional aconteceu principalmente nas visitas multidisciplinares, e os principais impactos gerados da integração multidisciplinar foram: melhora na comunicação, efetivação da assistência e redução das complicações. Atuar na COVID-19 promoveu maior contato interprofissional. O fisioterapeuta desempenha um papel ativo importante como membro da equipe multiprofissional em UTI, oferecendo assistência individualizada e garantindo a efetividade do cuidado multiprofissional.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE APLICATIVO MÓVEL PARA APOIO NO DIAGNÓSTICO DE HIV
Authors: Tavares Jorge Vanessa Manhães , Souza Isabelle Vasconcellos de , Lippi Maria Clara , Cavalcanti Andrea Cony , Pereira Ribeiro Luiz Claudio
Published: June 2022

Descrever o desenvolvimento de um aplicativo móvel para apoio aos profissionais de saúde na correta execução e interpretação de testes rápidos para diagnóstico de HIV, diante da relevância dessas tecnologias como plataformas de interesse para o aprimoramento profissional e da escassez de oferta de soluções com este propósito. Relato de experiência de produção tecnológica de aplicativo móvel com conteúdo baseado no TELELAB. Realizou-se análise comparativa qualitativa de aplicativos voltados ao treinamento para diagnóstico de HIV, no intuito de mapear funcionalidades e escopo. A programação adotou o framework Unity® e linguagem C#. O aplicativo desenvolvido atua como estratégia complementar de assistência, fortalece as práticas de educação continuada e proporciona maior segurança à prática e determinações vigentes que envolvem o diagnóstico da doença. Destaca-se a necessidade de iniciativas de divulgação do aplicativo nos ambientes educacionais e assistenciais para ampliar impactos na política pública de controle da infecção pelo HIV.
Self-Regulation of the Tax Burden on Labour and Capital
Authors: S. Pyroha Serhii , S. Pyroha Ihor
Published: June 2022

The article analyses various methods for determining the tax burden and highlights their shortcomings. A method is proposed that automatically determines the actual tax burden on labour and capital at each enterprise. To implement the method, it is proposed to define two concepts: ‘value added’ (as the sum of factor income for labour and capital) and ‘price’ (as the sum of value added and depreciation). The added value determines the tax base of VAT, and its components – the base of social contributions, personal income tax (PIT) and income tax, and the established rates – the tax burden on labour, capital and households. Self-regulation of the tax burden ensures the established link between the selling price of goods/services and actually paid taxes. At the same time, macroeconomic stability is ensured, automatic control of payment of taxes and social contributions, costs associated with tax control and tax reporting are minimized, the application of almost all known tax optimization schemes becomes more complicated.

legitimate interests, factor income, labour, capital, households, tax burden, progressive tax rate, tax base
НОВА ЧИТАЦЬКА ПРАКТИКА УЧНІВ У ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНОМУ ПОЛІ СУЧАСНОЇ ШКІЛЬНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Гич Галина
Published: June 2022

Стаття присвячена аналізу особливостей цифрового читання учнів Нової української школи. Дано визначення поняття «цифрове читання», розглянуто його генеалогію в контексті еволюції писемності та формування нової інформаційно-медійної письмової культури. Доведено, що читання за допомогою електронних носіїв є новою практикою читацької діяльності дітей та підлітків і водночас така практика читання є еволюцією читання як цивілізаційного процесу. Проаналізовано наукові публікації щодо специфіки цифрового читання читачів нового покоління. Підкреслено, що значного розвитку цифрове читання набуло у сфері освіти, тому що: по-перше, сфера освіти активно цифровізується, по-друге – в основі навчання завжди лежить текст (а відповідно – і читання). Показано відмінності між читанням-скануванням і читанням-зануренням у текст. Розглянуто переваги і недоліки цифрового читання. Стверджується, що в оволодінні цифровим читанням учневі має допомогти компетентний дорослий – учитель, який повинен мати належні знання щодо специфіки цифрового читання. Уперше названо способи зміни усталених читацьких практик у зв’язку з формуванням «нової» моделі читання дітей і підлітків.
The hemostatic and wound healing effects of autologous fibrin adhesive in experimental animals
Authors: Hoang Thu Soan , Vu Tien Thang , Vu Thi Kim Lien , Bui Thi Kieu Van , Vu Hoang Phuong Thuy , Nguyen Mai Huong , Pham Thi Thu Huong , Nguyen Thi Thu Thai
Published: June 2022

Objectives: Evaluate the hemostasis and skin graft wound healing effect of autologous fibrin adhesive in experimental animals. Methods: experimental method, conducted on 6 rabbits to determine the role of fibrin glue in hemostasis, ability to heal skin graft in experimental rabbits through assessment of graft status: size, swelling, color, boundary between the puzzle piece and the surrounding skin. Results: 1/ Effective hemostasis: fibrin glue transplant: hemostasis time is 129.33±42.01 seconds, transplant time is 128.33±41.87 seconds; suture stitching: hemostasis time is 475.17±59.97 seconds, stitching time is 350.67±52.23 seconds. At times after 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, 10 days, 14 days, 20 days and 30 days there is an earlier phenomenon of wound healing, the flattened and scarred patch is more beautiful than the skin graft with sewing thread. Conclusions: Using autologous fibrin glue in skin grafting has the ability to stop bleeding, heal wounds and achieve better aesthetics than skin grafting with sutures.
Prevalance and characteristics of sarcopenia in older patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thu Huong , Nguyen Trung Anh , Vu Thi Diu , Vu Thi Thanh Huyen
Published: June 2022

Objectives: To determine the rate and characteristics of sarcopenia in older patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Subjects and methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study on 363 stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients aged ≥ 60 years old examined and treated at the National Geriatrics Hospital and 19-8 Hospital. Study subjects were measured appendicular skeletal muscle with dual energy adsorption radiographs and diagnosed with sarcopenia based on the criteria of Asian Working Group for sarcopenia – AWGS. Results: Average age of study subjects was 70.7 ± 8.3 (years), male rate was 60.3%. The prevalence of sarcopenia in the study group was 45.2%. 74.6% of patients had a decrease in total appendicular skeletal muscle according to height (ASMI), 68.3% had a decrease in handgrip strength (HGS) and 42.7% had a decrease in walking speed. The ASMI, handgrip strength and walking speed decreased with age. Conclusion: The study highlighted a high rate of sarcopenia (45.2%) in elderly patients with stable stage COPD. The ASMI, handgrip strength and walking speed decreased with age. Therefore, it is necessary to screening and early diagnosis of sarcopenia in elderly COPD patients.
Energy expenditure during cardiopulmonary exercise testing
Authors: Do Thanh Tuan , Nguyen Duc Son , Le Dinh Tung
Published: June 2022

Objectives: To determine energy expenditure during cardiopulmonary exercise testing in healthy adults aged 20-60 years old and to determine the correlation between energy expenditure with the duration and the capacity of physical activity. Methods: Thirty-two healthy volunteers aged 20-60 years old (17 males and 15 females) agreed to participate in our study and performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing: resting phase (4 minutes, work rate 0 w), warming-up phase (4 minutes, work rate 0 w, 50-60 rounds per minute), exercise phase (work rate increment 10 watts per minutes, 50-60 rounds per minute) and recovery phase (3 minutes, work rate 0 w, 10-20 rounds per minute). Results and conclusions: Energy expenditure during CPET was 1,03 ± 0,30 MET, 1,97 ± 0,74 MET, 3,48 ± 1,78 MET, 4,57 ± 2,26 in resting, warming-up, exercise, recovery phase, respectively. Maximum energy expenditure during CPET was 4,75 ± 2,17 MET. Energy expenditure is negatively correlated with the duration of physical activity and positively correlated with the capacity of physical activity at 95% confidence interval.
Influence of media and cellular origin on growth factors secreted by mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Do Thi Xuan Phuong , Nguyen Thi Ngoc Ha , Mai Thi Hien , Hoang Huong Diem , Hoang Thi My Nhung , Nguyen Thanh Liem , Than Thi Trang Uyen
Published: June 2022

Objective: Investigating influences of the culture media and cellular origin on the expression of several growth factors carried by exosomes secreted from umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSC) and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC).

Methods: 03 UCMSC samples was cultured in StemMACs and PowerStem, 03 BMMSC samples was cultured in StemMAC sand ACF Plus. At the passage 2, conditioned media were collected for exosome isolation. Exosomes were then investigated for the expression of growth factors, including: vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), fibroblast growth factor 2(FGF-2), hepatocellular growth factor (HGF) and platelet-derived growth factor BB(PDGF-BB).

Results: Both UCMSC and BMMSC at secreted exosomes carrying growth factors with different amount. UCMSC cultured in PowerStem could secret exosomes with the largest amount of growth factors. Besides, UCMSC and BMMSC cultured in StemMACs secreted exosomes carrying fewer amounts of growth factors. Secretion of growth factors through exosomes depends on the cell origin where both cell types were cultured in StemMACs, only UCMSC secretedFGF-2 and PDGF-BB but BMMSC did not.

Conclusion: Both UCMSC and BMMSC cultured in commercial serum- and xeno-free media could secret exosomes into cell culture media. These exosomes carried growth factors, including VEGF-A, FGF-2, HGF and PDGF-BB, with different expression levels.