bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Associations Between Parenting and Child Big Five Personality Traits
Authors: Ayoub Mona , Zhang Bo , Göllner Richard , Atherton Olivia E. , Trautwein Ulrich , Roberts Brent W.
Published: November 2021

The goal of this research was to explore the relationships between four parenting dimensions (academic involvement, structure, cultural stimulation, and goals) and child personality development. Many theories, such as social learning, attachment theory, and the psychological resources principle assume that parenting practices influence child personality development. Most of past research on the associations between parenting and child Big Five traits specifically has used cross-sectional data. The few longitudinal studies that examined these associations found small relations between parenting and child personality. We extended this research by examining the long-term relations between four underexplored parenting dimensions and child Big Five personality traits using bivariate latent growth models in a large longitudinal dataset (N = 3,880). Results from growth models revealed a preponderance of null relations between these parenting measures and child personality, especially between changes in parenting and changes in child personality. In general, the observed associations between parenting and child Big Five personality were comparable in magnitude to the association between factors such as SES and birth order, and child personality—that is, small. The small associations between environmental factors and personality suggest that personality development in childhood and adolescence may be driven by multiple factors, each of which makes a small contribution.
Treatment of acromegaly has substantial effects on body composition: a long-term follow-up study
Authors: Wolf Peter , Salenave Sylvie , Durand Emmanuel , Young Jacques , Kamenicky Peter , Chanson Philippe , Maione Luigi
Published: November 2021

Background

Acromegaly is associated with changes in body composition. Long-term changes following acromegaly treatment and the impact of different treatments have been less investigated.

Methods

We performed a retrospective study in 201 patients with acromegaly. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. To investigate the specific effects of treatment vs aging, changes in body composition were compared in one group of patients evaluated both at the time of active and controlled disease (active-to-controlled (A>C); n  = 31) and in another group of patients evaluated two times while the disease was controlled (controlled-to-controlled (C>C); n  = 32).

Results

In the whole cohort, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) was correlated with fat (r = −0.369; P  < 0.001) and lean mass (r = 0.383; P  < 0.001). Patients from A>C and C>C groups were comparable for age, sex, BMI and follow-up duration (P = n.s.). Reduction in IGF-I levels was associated with an increase in fat mass and a decrease in lean mass in the A>C group, which was four and eight times more pronounced compared to the C>C group (fat mass: +39 ± 34% vs +10 ± 15%, P  < 0.001; lean mass: −8 ± 8% vs −0.2 ± 6%, P  < 0.001, respectively). Changes in fat mass were negatively associated with IGF-I (r = −0.450; P = 0.011) and independent of the individual therapy. The daily dose of pegvisomant correlated with fat mass (r = 0.421; P = 0.002) and insulin sensitivity index (r = −0.466; P  < 0.001).

Conclusions

Treatment of acromegaly strongly impacts body composition until biochemical disease remission, characterized by an increase in fat mass and a decrease in lean mass. These changes are closely associated with the normalization of IGF-I. Thereafter, body composition changes are similar to what is observed with aging.
Comparison of laboratory methodologies to determine soil nitrogen mineralization from organic residues
Authors: Yagüe María Rosa , Lobo Maria Carmen
Published: November 2021

Recycling organic waste for use as fertilizer requires prior knowledge of mineral nitrogen (N) availability for crops. Estimation of soil N release or potentially mineralizable N is an important tool for the design of fertilization strategies that aim to minimize the use of N fertilizer. The aerobic incubation method is considered a standard technique to measure soil potential to mineralize N. In this study, alternative methods of aerobic incubation were evaluated to help overcome its limitations (long time and equipment). In this regard, biological methods (anaerobic incubation at 7 and 14 days) and chemical extraction (hot KCl) procedures were examined. To determine potentially mineralizable N, a silty clay loam soil was fertilized with spent mushroom substrates and anaerobic digestates from different origins (C/N ratio of 4 to 38). Based on the results, chemical extraction emerges as a reliable alternative to the aerobic incubation method, particularly when the C/N ratio of the organic residues ranges from 12 to 15. Moreover, its implementation in routine soil laboratories is straightforward and faster, and it does not require any special equipment.
Refining of crude sulfate turpentine obtained from a kraft pulp mill: A pilot scale treatment
Authors: Bildik Dal Ahsen Ezel
Published: November 2021

Crude sulfate turpentine (CST), a by-product of the kraft process, has commercial value that depends on the removal of sulfur compounds. The current study investigates desulfurization of CST using basic process steps for a paper mill at a pilot scale treatment. In another aspect, the sulfurous compounds in CST were removed by passing to the aqueous phase with terpin hydrate production, followed by α-terpineol conversion with citric acid catalysis. The goal was to design an environmentally friendly, low-cost, zero waste process and thereby refine the CST or byproducts to a quality that can produce chemical raw materials. Refining processes included hypochlorite oxidation, air oxidation, washing with water, and distillation. The sulfur content was decreased to 170, 106, and 29 ppm from respectively by 1260 ppm initial sulphur content of CST. The chlorine amount, due to treatment with hypochlorite oxidation, did not decrease with refining processes, even in distilled fraction. By obtaining α-terpineol from terpin hydrate, the sulfur compounds were completely removed. According to the GS-MS analysis results, distilled sulfate turpentine (DST) as the final product of the refining process of the CST sample increased the ratio with pinenes. On the other hand, with two reaction steps by obtaining terpin hydrate from CST and then α-terpineol, pinenes were converted to α-terpineol.
Polluted Waters Use in the Urban Agriculture and Its Impact on the Quality of the Grown Vegetables
Authors: Ilunga Mpanga Fabien , Shengo Lutandula Michel
Published: November 2021

Urban agriculture has become a common practice in major urban agglomerations, particularly in the mining region of Katanga, in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). However, this agriculture is based on the production of vegetables grown on the soil contaminated by industrial water and domestic wastewater, wherein one finds heavy metals and pathogenic microbes capable of endangering the consumer’s health. This work has been carried out in view of contributing to the consumer’s health protection and endeavours at establishing, based on physicochemical and mineral analyses  of  water  samples,  the  soil  used  in  the  urban  agriculture  and  edible  plants,  a  link  between  the  use  of contaminated waters in the urban agriculture, the build-up of heavy metals in the soil and the possible contamination by heavy metals of vegetables grown (amaranths and broccolis) in the Kasungami district and consumed by the population living in the City of Lubumbashi (DRC). The results given by the analyses of water, soils and vegetable samples revealed that, apart from cobalt, other heavy metals were present in water used in the urban agriculture to concentrations below quality standards. As for the soil, it contained heavy metals to concentration reputed phytotoxic. However, only the broccolis were contaminated with lead, contrarily to amaranths in which heavy metals were present to concentrations below quality standards. These findings enabled concluding that urban agriculture of vegetables encountered in the large agglomerations of the DRC could endanger the consumers’ health and measures need to be taken in view of preventing heavy metal from entering the food chain.
Análisis contrastivo (español/inglés) de la transitividad en «Continuidad de los Parques» de Julio Cortázar
Authors: Ravelo Livia Carolina
Published: November 2021

Este artículo presenta un análisis contrastivo entre un fragmento del cuento «Continuidad de los Parques» de Julio Cortázar y la traducción al inglés realizada por Paul Blackburn para evaluar cómo se configuran los significados experienciales, circunscriptos en el enfoque tripartito de la gramática sistémico-funcional. La exploración de tales significados está comprendida dentro del sistema de la transitividad, que implica la elección de distintos tipos de procesos y de los participantes involucrados, bajo ciertas circunstancias. Los resultados arrojan luz sobre cómo el personaje principal percibe la presunta realidad que lo rodea y cómo se representan sus cambios de rol tanto en el fragmento de la lengua origen como en el de la lengua meta. A modo de conclusión, la comparación de la transitividad nos permite indagar sobre los recursos que el traductor utiliza para plasmar la sutileza y la precisión del estilo cortazariano. Pese a algunas divergencias, la traducción del fragmento retrata cabalmente la caracterización y la articulación de los contextos ficcionales del extracto original. Por último, es menester destacar que el presente análisis permitiría aventurar otros estudios de mayor alcance y también hacernos reflexionar sobre la importancia del análisis de la transitividad en otros campos, como el de la traductología y el de la formación de profesores de lenguas extranjeras.
L-BMO bounds for pseudo-multipliers associated with the harmonic oscillator
Authors: Cardona Duván
Published: November 2021

In this note we investigate some conditions of Hörmander-Mihlin type in order to assure the L∞-BMO boundedness for pseudo-multipliers of the harmonic oscillator. The H1-L1 continuity for Hermite multipliers also is investigated.
Certain Properties of Square Matrices over Fields with Applications to Rings
Authors: Danchev Peter V.
Published: November 2021

We prove that any square nilpotent matrix over a field is a difference of two idempotent matrices as well as that any square matrix over an algebraically closed field is a sum of a nilpotent square-zero matrix and a diagonalizable matrix. We further apply these two assertions to a variation of π-regular rings. These results somewhat improve on establishments due to Breaz from Linear Algebra & amp; Appl. (2018) and Abyzov from Siberian Math. J. (2019) as well as they also refine two recent achievements due to the present author, published in Vest. St. Petersburg Univ. - Ser. Math., Mech. & amp; Astr. (2019) and Chebyshevskii Sb. (2019), respectively.
On L-O-supplemented modules
Authors: Amouzegar Tayyebeh
Published: November 2021

En esta nota nosotros introducimos los módulos L-⊕-suplementados, una generalizacion de los módulos ⊕-suplementados. Un módulo M se dice I-⊕-suplementado si para cada φ ∈ EndR (M), existe un sumando directo L de M tal que Imφ + L = M y Imφ ∩ L « L. Se demuestra que si M es un módulo I-⊕-suplementado con la condición D3 , entonces cada sumando directo de M es I-⊕-suplementado. Demostramos que si M = M1 ⊕ M2 es I-⊕-suplementado tal que M1 y M2 son proyectivos relativos, entonces M1 y M2 son I-⊕-suplementados. Estudiamos algunos anillos cuyos modulos son I-⊕-suplementados.
Factores de riesgo asociados al destete ventilatorio fallido en pacientes sépticos en una unidad de cuidado intensivo: estudio de casos y controles
Authors: Enriquez-Riascos Lorena , García Perdomo Herney Andrés
Published: November 2021

Introducción. En pacientes sépticos con requerimiento de soporte ventilatorio invasivo pueden presentarse diferentes factores de riesgo de destete ventilatorio fallido.
Objetivo. Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados al destete ventilatorio fallido en pacientes sépticos admitidos a una unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) de Cali, Colombia, entre enero de 2014 y junio 2018.
Materiales y métodos. Estudio de casos y controles realizado en 315 pacientes que requirieron ventilación mecánica por más de 48 horas distribuidos así: 105 casos (destete fallido) y 210 controles (destete exitoso). La información sobre variables sociodemográficas y clínicas se obtuvo a partir de la revisión de historias clínicas. Se realizó un análisis bivariado para determinar las asociaciones de cada variable independiente con el destete fallido y un análisis multivariado mediante un modelo de regresión logística en el que se ingresaron las variables que en el análisis bivariado tuvieron un valor p<0.20. Se consideró un nivel de significancia de p≤0.05.
Resultados. Haber requerido ventilación mecánica por más de 7 días (OR: 15.1; 95%IC: 8.25-27.74), tener un puntaje APACHE II alto al ingreso a UCI (OR: 3.16; 95%IC: 1.73-5.77) y diuresis ≤0.5cc/kg/h (OR: 1.87; 95%IC: 1.0-3.50) se asociaron significativamente con el destete ventilatorio fallido.
Conclusiones. El requerimiento de ventilación mecánica mayor a 7 días, la diuresis ≤ 0.5cc/kg/h y un puntaje APACHE II alto al ingreso a UCI fueron factores de riesgo para destete ventilatorio fallido en la población de estudio, pero no se observó asociación con la edad, el nitrógeno ureico en sangre, la creatinina y el balance de líquidos positivos, a pesar que estos han sido descritos como factores de riesgo en la literatura.
Trends in changing history teaching in Hungary (1990–2020)
Authors: Fischer-Dárdai Ágnes , Kaposi József
Published: November 2021

Our study seeks to outline the defining trends and phenomena of Hungarian public education and teacher training – with a focus on Hungarian history teaching – between 1990 and 2020. The authors were, on various levels and to various degrees, participants, and at times influential actors, in the processes presented in this study. From this, and as a consequence of their convictions, they advocate the aspect of continuity in the interest of maintaining Hungarian traditions, as well as the perspectives of renewal in the interest of implementing new Hungarian and foreign thinking, approaches and innovations.

This mosaic-like overview seeks to outline the main pillars of the context of Hungarian history teaching with the use of fundamental professional literature from the period on pedagogy and history didactics. The focus of the study is history teaching, and for a better understanding of its processes we highlight some important policy decisions and documents. We wish to show the education policy, pedagogical and educational-methodological environment in which the journal articles that provide the backbone of the volume were formulated.
Characteristics of the parameters of the innate and acquired immune response during the period of adaptation to training at a Medical University
Authors: Sizyakina L. P. , Andreeva I. I. , Urazmambetov R. T. , Chebotov S. A.
Published: November 2021

Adaptation for new social conditions is an inevitable factor which the first-year students undergo when entering a medical school. Immune system as a part of entire structural and functional homeostatic complex, is involved into the adaptive reactions, thus pointing to its participation in fitting the new lifestyle among first-year students. One should note some peculiarities of immune reactions which depend on the organization pattern of educational process: despite common features of studies, the training environment for beginners at the military training center (VTC) is different from those for students at the medical and preventive faculty (LPF). The purpose of our study was to compare quantitative and functional parameters of immune system in the first-year students at a medical university, depending on distinct features of educational arrangement.

The study included 36 first-year students of the Medical University divided into two groups, comparable for age, sex, and physical condition. The first group included 18 first-year VUTS students, whereas the second group consisted of 18 LPF pupils. Studies of immunological parameters in peripheral blood were carried out three months after the training was started. We have assessed counts and functional potential of T cells, their subpopulation profile, B lymphocyte counts, and serum level of IgA, IgM and IgG, total numbers of natural killer cells and proportion of cytolytically active forms, oxygen-producing activity of neutrophils, and the numbers of peripheral monocytes expressing type 2,4 Toll-like receptors (TLR). Comparison of the adaptive immune response parameters did not reveal any gross differences between the groups. At the same time, evaluation of markers reflecting functional potential of innate immunity cells revealed distinct signs of immune reactions, depending on the faculty of the first-year students. It has been shown that the proportion of functionally active NK-cells containing lytic granzyme B granules was lower in the EUTC students. Also, military medical students have a statistically significantly lower relative and absolute number of peripheral blood monocytes expressing surface TLR 4. The detected signs of suppressed functional potential of macrophages and natural killer cells in the first-year OUV students represent the possibly alarming factor of impaired adaptive reserves of immune system. The data obtained are of interest for development of immune rehabilitation programs to prevent clinical manifestations of immune dysfunction.
Organ-specific LPS-induced inflammatory gene expression in adult Zebrafish
Authors: Ma Yi. , Fedorov A. V. , Kondratov K. A. , Knyazeva A. A. , Vasyutina M. L. , Golovkin A. S.
Published: November 2021

Systemic inflammation is known to be a key component of infection and non-infection diseases progression and may lead to multiorgan failure, persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, catabolism syndrome or even indolent death. This importance dictates the need for relevant in vivo models of inflammation to investigate the pathogenesis of numerous diseases and to perform drug screening. Danio rerio (zebrafish) became one of the most important models to explore biological processes in vivo. The aim of the study was to generate a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) model of systemic inflammation in vivo using zebrafish and to identify organspecific proinflammatory genes activity after intraperitoneal LPS infusion. We performed organ specific analysis of main proinflammatory genes expression in zebrafish after LPS stimulation. Comparing 18s, eef1a1l1, gapdh, and actb as potential housekeeping genes, we came to conclusion that eef1a1l1 with 99% effectiveness is the most promising for further normalization in this model. The genes activity was the most pronounced in the heart where the expression of IL6, CXCL8a, and CXCL18β was increased up to 100-fold. Moreover, the kidneys were the most involved in the inflammatory process since the highest number of analysed genes were up-regulated there: expression levels of CXCL18β, CXCL8a, IL1β, IL6, Mpeg1.2, and TNFa were significantly increased. This was probably related to the kidney activity as an immune and hematopoietic organ. The lowest reactivity was detected in the muscles. Immune reactions could be dose-dependent, for instance the infusion of 20 µg LPS led to decrease of expression of IFNy, Mpeg 1.2, and Mpeg 1.1 in the liver and to increase of Mpeg 1.2 expression in the kidney comparing with 10 µg dosage. Thus, due to the high degree of the similarity and other unique properties, Danio rerio has the advantage of being relevant model of inflammation. Our model demonstrated that the investigation of isolated zebrafish organs could be useful and informative for the investigation of inflammatory processes.
Coping With Challenges of the COVID-19 Lockdown in Public Education of Lithuania and Slovenia: Views of School Heads
Authors: Mažgon Jasna , Kalin Jana , Kaminskienė Lina , Gedvilienė Genutė , Tūtlys Vidmantas , Skubic Ermenc Klara
Published: November 2021

This article presents the findings of a comparative research conducted during the lockdown among public school heads in Lithuania and Slovenia in spring 2020. The study highlights how the school heads organized remote education, what challenges they faced, what examples of good practice they developed, and how these could be used to deal with similar situations in the future. The research indicated significant school autonomy regarding the centralised support measures provided to Lithuanian and Slovenian schools.
Development and Validation of Pedagogical Beliefs About Teaching Practices Questionnaire: A Cross-Continental Study
Authors: Moliner Lidon , Sanahuja Aida , Alegre Francisco
Published: November 2021

The aims of this study were to create and validate a questionnaire designed to assess schoolteachers’ pedagogical beliefs according to 641 schoolteachers and 26 experts and analyse the results obtained therefrom. A seven-factor structure was defined for the questionnaire, and Cronbach’s alpha was .91. Compared to their older, more experienced and male counterparts, younger, less experienced and female teachers, respectively, demonstrated more positive beliefs about factors such as classroom climate, the teacher’s role and the student’s role.
Raptivism on YouTube: Studying the Response of Videoart Prosumers to School Bullying in Spain
Authors: Ramírez-Hurtado Carmen , Massó Guijarro Belén
Published: November 2021

This study analyses the influence of the bullying prevention campaign „Se Buscan Valientes“ which, based on a song produced by a well-known rapper, invited schools throughout Spain to create videos and upload them to YouTube. We analysed the comment threads generated by the videos and conducted interviews with eight teachers who promoted participation in the campaign. The results reveal the beneficial effects of the arts as a tool to combat bullying.
Encouraging Responsibility of Teenage Girls in Online Social Networks Through Changes in the Activities of Children's Day Centre Specialists
Authors: Žukauskienė Lilia , Klanienė Ilona , Skališienė Rasa
Published: November 2021

The article presents the results of research on the changes in the activities of specialists from the Children’s Day Centre (CDC) in order to achieve the responsibility of teenage girls in online social networks. The qualitative research is based on the methodology of the grounded theory, A. Strauss & J. Corbin (1990) version. The research highlighted the following changes in the activities of professionals: support and involvement of girls’ parents in CDC activities, its activity reflection, creativity in activating girls’ responsible participation in OSN, and lifelong learning.
The Taxonomy of Learning Outcomes Levels: Harmonization and Systematization of the Terminology
Authors: Pukelis Kęstutis
Published: November 2021

Straipsnyje pagrindžiama penkių išmokimo lygių taksonomija, išsidėsčiusi intelekto ir inteligencijos dimensijose. Pirmas (potencialus) lygis yra intelekto dimensijoje ir jį reprezentuoja gabumo (angl. aptitude) terminas. Kiti lygiai yra inteligencijos dimensijoje. Antrą (erudicijos) lygį reprezentuoja žinių (angl. knowledge) ir žinojimo (angl. knowing) terminai. Trečią (eklektišką) lygį – gebėjimo (angl. ability) terminas. Ketvirtą (kompetentingumo) – mokėjimo (angl. skill) terminas. Penktą (profesionalumo) – įgūdžio (angl. mastery) terminas.
Anesthetic mumps; A rare complication after surgery
Authors: YURTSEVER Guner , BORA Ejder , GÜNEL Mustafa
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Anesthetic mumps is a rare complication that occurs with sudden swelling of the parotid gland, especially after surgery. Symptomatic treatment or spontaneous regression within days without sequelae. It is thought that it may be due to vasodilation, hyperemia, air leakage into the stenone duct, perioperative use of drugs such as atropine, succinylcholine, morphine, and propofol, and the posture position of the patient in the operation. Anesthetic mumps appears within the first few weeks after the operation. In this article, we presented the complication that developed in the event of a short-term procedure such as double J catheter removal.
A Comparative Legal Aspect of the Normative Definition of the Purpose of Criminal Procedure Activities
Authors: Azarenok Nikolay
Published: November 2021

Human activity lies at the foundation of all social processes. The successful development of humanity as a whole depends on its orderly and organized character. An analysis of the structure of activity shows that scholars have not reached consensus on this point. The concept is described through such components as the goal, motives, interests, needs, means, result and the very process of activity. At the same time, philosophers agree that at its highest level of generality, activity is characte­rized through the prism of its goal and means. Choosing a goal to the achievement of which a person will dedicate his activities is called «goal-setting». If an idea cannot be implemented at once and requires a number of consecutive actions, the goal is specified through separate tasks referring to the stages of work. The unification of the goal and tasks into a whole constitutes «goal-setting». This methodological basis is applicable to all types of human activities, including the criminal procedure one. A scholarly definition of goal-setting in Russian criminal court proceedings is impossible without a comparative legal study of this issue in other countries. The author uses two universally recognized systems of law as a basis for this: the Anglo-Saxon system and the Romano-Germanic legal system. Besides, the author presents an analysis of the criminal procedure legislation of ex-USSR countries (Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan), Asian countries (the PRC, Japan) and the Middle East (Turkey). As for the legislations of the Anglo-Saxon legal family (England, Wales, the USA), only the American criminal procedure legislation states its goals and tasks. The criminal procedure laws of Austria, the FRG, France, Poland do not include the goal-setting of criminal court proceedings. The criminal procedure codes of Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan state the tasks of criminal court proceedings (process), and the code of Belarus declares tasks of both the criminal procedure law and the criminal process. The criminal procedure legislations of the PRC, Japan, Turkey include the purpose, the goal and tasks. The conducted comparative legal analysis acts as a basis for corresponding conclusions that should be taken into consideration in the process of improving Russian criminal court proceedings.
Retrospective study of livestock vaccine coverage and trend in Lemu and Bilbilo Woreda, Arsi Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Debele Hordofa Feyisa , Meseret kedir , Leta Shene
Published: November 2021

Vaccination is one of the most efficient tools for protection against clinical disease of livestock and reduces the rate of spread of infection. The study was conducted using secondary data that recorded at Lemu and Bilbilo Woreda veterinary clinic with the objective to assess the vaccination coverage in the study area from March to September 2021. Results revealed the most commonly practiced vaccine were bacterial and viral diseases from secondary data recorded were Lumpy skin disease, Black leg, Pasteurellosis, New castle, Gumboro disease, chicken pox, Fowl pox, and Fowl Cholera. The percentage of vaccine coverage for lumpy skin disease decreases from a year 2017 (51.1%) to 2021(24%). The majority of Goat (96.7%) was vaccinated against goat pox during 2017 and the 0% Anthrax vaccine for Goat in 2021. Only 7.3% sheep in 2017 and near 37.4% in 2021 were vaccinated with sheep pox from total population. About 87.4% of equines were vaccinated from total population in 2017. The proportion of Newcastle disease and Gumboro disease vaccine coverage were 35% and 15.4%, respectively. Dog vaccination against rabies is increases from a year 2017 (4.8%) to 2020 (11%) in except 0.5% in 2021. The vaccine trends were fluctuating and/or decreasing from year to year. However, vaccine trend for Anthrax of cattle was increasing from year to year. It is therefore, suggested that implementation of planed and regularly vaccination of animal was very important for diseases control and prevention are recommended in order to decrease disease reoccurrence in the area.
Political Microtargeting and Online Privacy: A Theoretical Approach to Understanding Users’ Privacy Behaviors
Authors: Schäwel Johanna , Frener Regine , Trepte Sabine
Published: November 2021

Social media allow political parties to conduct political behavioral targeting in order to address and persuade specific groups of users and potential voters. This has been criticized: Most social media users do not know about these microtargeting strategies, and the majority of people who are aware of targeted political advertising say that it is not acceptable. This intrusion on personal privacy is viewed as problematic by users and activists alike. The overarching goal of this article is to elaborate on social media users’ privacy perceptions and potential regulating behaviors in the face of political microtargeting. This work is theoretical in nature. We first review theoretical and empirical research in the field of political microtargeting and online privacy. We then analyze how privacy is experienced by social media users during political microtargeting. Building on our theoretical analysis, we finally suggest clear-cut propositions for how political microtargeting can be researched while considering users’ privacy needs on the one hand and relevant political outcomes on the other.
Epistemic Overconfidence in Algorithmic News Selection
Authors: Van der Velden Mariken , Loecherbach Felicia
Published: November 2021

The process of news consumption has undergone great changes over the past decade: Information is now available in an ever-increasing amount from a plethora of sources. Recent work suggests that most people would favor algorithmic solutions over human editors. This stands in contrast to public and scholarly debate about the pitfalls of algorithmic news selection—i.e., the so-called “filter bubbles.” This study therefore investigates reasons and motivations which might lead people to prefer algorithmic gatekeepers over human ones. We expect that people have more algorithmic appreciation when consuming news to pass time, entertain oneself, or out of escapism than when using news to keep up-to-date with politics (H1). Secondly, we hypothesize the extent to which people are confident in their own cognitive abilities to moderate that relationship: When people are overconfident in their own capabilities to estimate the relevance of information, they are more likely to have higher levels of algorithmic appreciation, due to the third person effect (H2). For testing those two pre-registered hypotheses, we conducted an online survey with a sample of 268 US participants and replicated our study using a sample of 384 Dutch participants. The results show that the first hypothesis cannot be supported by our data. However, a positive interaction between overconfidence and algorithmic appreciation for the gratification of surveillance (i.e., gaining information about the world, society, and politics) was found in both samples. Thereby, our study contributes to our understanding of the underlying reasons people have for choosing different forms of gatekeeping when selecting news.
What’s “Up Next”? Investigating Algorithmic Recommendations on YouTube Across Issues and Over Time
Authors: Matamoros-Fernández Ariadna , Gray Joanne E. , Bartolo Louisa , Burgess Jean , Suzor Nicolas
Published: November 2021

YouTube’s “up next” feature algorithmically selects, suggests, and displays videos to watch after the one that is currently playing. This feature has been criticized for limiting users’ exposure to a range of diverse media content and information sources; meanwhile, YouTube has reported that they have implemented various technical and policy changes to address these concerns. However, there is little publicly available data to support either the existing concerns or YouTube’s claims of having addressed them. Drawing on the idea of “platform observability,” this article combines computational and qualitative methods to investigate the types of content that the algorithms underpinning YouTube’s “up next” feature amplify over time, using three keyword search terms associated with sociocultural issues where concerns have been raised about YouTube’s role: “coronavirus,” “feminism,” and “beauty.” Over six weeks, we collected the videos (and their metadata, including channel IDs) that were highly ranked in the search results for each keyword, as well as the highly ranked recommendations associated with the videos. We repeated this exercise for three steps in the recommendation chain and then examined patterns in the recommended videos (and the channels that uploaded the videos) for each query and their variation over time. We found evidence of YouTube’s stated efforts to boost “authoritative” media outlets, but at the same time, misleading and controversial content continues to be recommended. We also found that while algorithmic recommendations offer diversity in videos over time, there are clear “winners” at the channel level that are given a visibility boost in YouTube’s “up next” feature. However, these impacts are attenuated differently depending on the nature of the issue.
One Recommender Fits All? An Exploration of User Satisfaction With Text-Based News Recommender Systems
Authors: Wieland Mareike , Nordheim Gerret Von , Kleinen-von Königslöw Katharina
Published: November 2021

Journalistic media increasingly address changing user behaviour online by implementing algorithmic recommendations on their pages. While social media extensively rely on user data for personalized recommendations, journalistic media may choose to aim to improve the user experience based on textual features such as thematic similarity. From a societal viewpoint, these recommendations should be as diverse as possible. Users, however, tend to prefer recommendations that enable “serendipity”—the perception of an item as a welcome surprise that strikes just the right balance between more similarly useful but still novel content. By conducting a representative online survey with n = 588 respondents, we investigate how users evaluate algorithmic news recommendations (recommendation satisfaction, as well as perceived novelty and unexpectedness) based on different similarity settings and how individual dispositions (news interest, civic information norm, need for cognitive closure, etc.) may affect these evaluations. The core piece of our survey is a self-programmed recommendation system that accesses a database of vectorized news articles. Respondents search for a personally relevant keyword and select a suitable article, after which another article is recommended automatically, at random, using one of three similarity settings. Our findings show that users prefer recommendations of the most similar articles, which are at the same time perceived as novel, but not necessarily unexpected. However, user evaluations will differ depending on personal characteristics such as formal education, the civic information norm, and the need for cognitive closure.
Surgical treatment of patients with metastatic bone lesions during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bukharov A. V. , Derzhavin V. A. , Yadrina A. V. , Erin D. A.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. In March 2020, the World Health Organization announced the COVID-19 as a pandemic. The emergence and spread of the new infection hit most healthcare systems globally. The pandemic caused temporary restrictions for elective medical care, which affected many patients at risk, including cancer patients, since some hospitals were closed for quarantine. Deferred pharmacotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery in these individuals might have resulted in disease progression and even death. In this situation, healthcare professionals had to quickly adjust the manage ment strategy for cancer patients and identify an optimal approach to therapy with the lack of accurate data.

Objective – to assess the risk of COVID-19 in patients with metastatic bone lesions during hospitalization for elective surgery and 14 days after their discharge from hospital.

Materials and methods. In this article, we describe treatment of 182 patients with metastatic bone lesions treated in the Department of Surgical Treatment for Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors, National Medical Radiology Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia between March 30, 2020 and August 1, 2021.

Results. Eleven patients developed symptoms of coronavirus infection during their stay in the hospital. The incidence of nosocomial COVID-19 was 6 % according to the results of testing. Timely diagnosis and initiation of special treatment ensured the survival rate of 100 %.

Conclusion. Adherence to epidemiological measures at all stages of hospitalization minimizes the risk of COVID-19 in patients with secondary bone lesions, allowing timely elective surgery. However, a tailored approach should be used when deciding on surgery during the pandemic.
Inflammation features of brown adipose tissue of rats with diet-induced obesity development after different regimes of melatonin administration
Authors: Kalmukova O. , Leonova Y. , Savchuk O. , Skrypnyk N. , Dzerzhynsky M.
Published: November 2021

One of the prominent obesity-related changes is the development of systemic low-grade proinflammatory state. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) may serve as a potential target for activation by melatonin to facilitate heat production and simultaneously stimulate lipolysis during obesity development. At the same time, melatonin is known to have immunomodulatory properties, which are performed via endocrine and paracrine signal pathways in variety cell types (including brown adipocytes)and change significantly during the day. Therefore, it can be used in a wide range of doses and at different times of the day (chronotherapeutic approach). Thus, the main goal of our research was to analyze the inflammation state of brown adipose tissue of rats during high-calorie diet induced-obesity development after different daily melatonin application in different regimes. Melatonin was administered by gavage for 7 weeks in dose 30 mg/kg 1 h before lights-off (HCD ZT11, M ZT11, evening), or 1 h after lights-on (HCD ZT01, M ZT01, morning). Tissue collagen content and leukocyte infiltration levels in BAT, detected by Van Gieson trichrome staining, were used as markers for the assessment of BAT inflammation state BAT. Propagation of obesity resulted in the increase of BATfibrosis level (the relative area occupied by collagen fibers) and tissue leukocyte infiltration in comparison to control rats. BAT fibrosis level after melatonin administrations to obese rats of HCD ZT01 and HCD ZT11 groups decreased to control values. Similar effects were observedinBAT tissue leukocyte infiltration after both regimes (HCD ZT01 and HCD ZT11 groups) of melatonin intake: this parameter decreased significantly, comparing to obese rats, but was still elevated, comparing to controls. At the same time, melatonin treatmentin morning or evening regimes did not have any impact on BAT fibrosis propagation and leukocyte infiltration in animals that consumed standard diet (M ZT01 and M ZT11 groups). To sum up, we suggest corrective properties of melatonin in context of chronic low-grade inflammation in obese rats BAT and suppose its wide potential for the therapeutic use combined with virtually absent side effects on BAT histophysiology of non-obese rats.
Blood coagulation parameters in pregnant women with COVID-19
Authors: Krenytska D. , Rachkovska A. , Savchuk O. , Karbovskiy V.
Published: November 2021

The CoViD-19 pandemic have been lasting since 2019 year. It is a serious threat for health care system around the world because a huge number of patients requires of intensive assistance. Firstly, SARS-CoV-2 causes damage of the respiratory system. However, researches demonstrate that CoViD-19 is the hidden enemy for our body. It causes suffering of other organs. Coagulopathy often develops in SARS-CoV-2 patients. It includes acute inflammation, hypercoagulation and violation of the integrity and functions of the endothelium. A lot of scientific information has accumulated about changed in the hemostatic system during deveploment of CoViD-19. However, clinical researches are ambiguous, but abnormal blood clotting is demonstrated in most hospitalized patients with acute CoViD-19. Our research is aimed to analyse the main parameters of the hemostatic system in the pregnant women with infection of SARS-CoV-2 and the comparison with conventionally healthy pregnant patients. We have revealed the concentration of fibrinogen is increasing by 2,1 g/L, levels of D-dimer are increased by 500 ng/mL, the prothrombic time is rising by 1,2 seconds in plasma of the CoViD-19 pregnant patients unlike by conventionally healthy pregnant patients. Changes in the duration of activated partial thromboplastin time weren`t detected in plasma of the CoViD-19 pregnant patients unlike by conventionally healthy pregnant patients. Our research could be useful for diagnostic complications of the hemostatic system in CoViD-19 patients, for detection of blood clotting disorders during early stages of development, suppression of the spread of pathological processes of the fetus in pregnant women and for creation of effective treatment
Features of management and vaccination of comorbid patients with rheumatic diseases in a pandemic of a new coronavirus infection
Authors: Belyaeva Irina B. , Mazurov Vadim I. , Sarantseva Lyubov E. , Trofimov Evgeny A.
Published: November 2021

The review presents the results of scientific studies devoted to the features of the course and outcomes of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in patients with immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRD). It was noted that the risk of developing COVID-19 for patients with IVR, apparently, is similar to the population or slightly increased and mostly depends on the presence of established risk factors for its severe course (old age, obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases). Patients receiving long-term immunosuppressive therapy and high doses of glucocorticoids may have a long period of positive viral replication and isolation of a viable virus, which requires dynamic monitoring of such patients and correction of anti-rheumatic therapy. The issues of post-COVID-19 joint syndrome, which can occur within the framework of post-viral arthritis or be the debut of an immuno-inflammatory rheumatic disease, are highlighted. The draft recommendations of the All-Russian Public Organization Association of Rheumatologists of Russia on the management and temporary recommendations of V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology for vaccination of patients with rheumatic diseases in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic are presented.
Development and Characterization of 3D Printed Porous Polyetheretherketone for Orthopaedic Applications
Authors:   , Spece Hannah , Kurtz Steven M. , Sarver Joseph J
Published: November 2021

Additive manufacturing (AM, 3D printing) is rapidly being adopted by clinicians and researchers aiming to create affordable patient-specific medical devices and other complex structures. In orthopaedics, AM technologies have been especially beneficial for the creation of metallic porous biomaterials, which can help establish bone-implant fixation without the use of bone cement. Metal AM, however, presents considerable challenges for use in a clinical setting, and the potential disadvantages of metal in vivo have led to increased interest in nonmetallic implants. Recent advancements in AM have allowed for the printing of high temperature polymers like polyetheretherketone (PEEK) using the fused filament fabrication (FFF) process already adopted by many hospitals. While the bioinert nature of PEEK is often cited as a barrier to its use in osseointegration, the inclusion of porosity by surface modification has shown promising results for bone ingrowth, though often at the expense of mechanical properties. Establishing a strategy to create porous PEEK without detrimental post processing may help advance the possibilities for patient-specific implants created at the point of care. In this thesis, porous PEEK created by FFF is presented and characterized to determine its potential use as a novel orthopaedic biomaterial. The porous architectures are designed using the concept of triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS), and design tools are provided for future TPMS-inspired materials. In Aim 1, it was demonstrated that porous PEEK designed as either a simple lattice or TPMS structure can be created via FFF. In vitro testing indicated increased preosteoblast cell activity for porous PEEK compared to nonporous, and compression testing showed that the TPMS design led to improved mechanical properties over a simple lattice. In Aim 2, the mechanical properties and degree of anisotropy induced on PEEK by the FFF printing process were explored. The elastic constants to be used in later modeling methods were determined, and relatively low anisotropy for the mechanical properties in two orientations was found. In Aim 3, models were created to relate the architecture and function of the porous PEEK. A custom MATLAB script was created to design and characterize TPMS structures, and the designer inputs were mapped to the resulting pore size and porosity. A homogenization scheme was then used to predict the properties of TPMS architectures, and a relationship between the porous characteristics and predicted elastic modulus was established. The model was validated as a part of Aim 4, in which a family of TPMS-inspired porous PEEK structures were additively manufactured and characterized. A variety of FFF porous PEEK with ranging mechanical properties was achieved, and experimental values showed good agreement with the model for the transverse loading direction, showing promise for a predictive architecture-property model for PEEK TPMS structures.
Türkiye’deki Kırmızı Et ve Yemlik Buğday Piyasaları Arasındaki Oynaklık Aktarımlarının Ampirik Olarak Ortaya Konulması
Authors: URAK Faruk , BİLGİÇ Abdulbaki , DAĞDEMİR Vedat , ÖZER Hüseyin
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışmada, benzin ve ithalat dışsal değişkenleri kullanılarak, Türkiye’de dana ve kuzu karkas etleri ile yemlik buğday reel fiyatları arasındaki uzun dönem oynaklık ilişkisi ve simetrisi 2005:01-2019:06 dönemi günlük verilerinden yararlanılarak VAR (1)-Asimetrik BEKK-GARCH (1, 1) Modeli kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada, benzin piyasasında meydana gelen oynaklıkların kuzu karkas ve yemlik buğday piyasalarındaki oynaklıkları arttırdığı, dana karkas piyasasındaki oynaklığı ise azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada ürün piyasalarında oynaklık geçişkenliklerinde asimetrik etkilerin mevcut olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Dana karkasın kuzu karkas ve yemlik buğday fiyat getirileriyle olan optimal portföy ağırlıkları sırasıyla 0.643 ve 0.560 iken kuzu karkasın yemlik buğday fiyat getirisiyle olan optimal portföy ağırlığı 0.442 olarak tespit edilmiştir.