bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APLIKASI IRIGASI BERSELANG (INTERMITTENT IRRIGATION) PADA BUDIDAYA TANAMAN PAK CHOI (BRASSICA RAPA L.) DENGAN MEDIA TANAM PADATAN DIGESTAT DAN TANAH
Authors: Maulana Ahmad Rifki , Oktafri Oktafri , Tusi Ahmad
Published: March 2018

Digestat merupakan limbah keluaran yang dihasilkan dari pembuatan pembuatan biogas dengan bahan dasar kotoran ternak. Padatan digestat mengandung unsur hara makro seperti N, P, K dan unsur hara mikro seperti Ca, Mg, S dan Fe yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai nutrisi bagi tanaman dan juga membantu menyediakan kandungan hara yang baik bagi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas pemberian air irigasi berselang (intermittent irrigation) dan analisis water productivity, analisis interval irigasi yang optimum pada bahan media tanam campuran padatan digestat dan tanah, analisis kombinasi padatan digestat dan tanah yang optimum bagi tanaman, dan Analisis pertumbuhan dan hasil produksi tanaman Pak Choi.  Penelitian dilaksanakan di Greenhouse plastik Jurusan Teknik Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung pada bulan November 2016 sampai  dengan bulan Desember 2016.  Penelitian ini menggunakan dua faktor pengamatan yaitu Komposisi Media Tanam dan Interval Waktu Pemberian Irigasi.  Penelitian ini menggunakan 4 perlakuan campuran komposisi media tanam, yaitu D0 (Digestat 0% : Tanah 100%), D1 (Digestat 20% : Tanah 80%), D2 (Digestat 40% :Tanah 60%), dan D3 (Digestat 60% : Tanah 40%). Masing-masing campuran media dilakukan 3 pengulangan, sehingga didapat 12 pot yang diamati. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kombinasi media tanam D1 (Digestat 20% : Tanah 80%) menghasilkan berangkasan atas pak choi cukup tinggi yaitu sebesar 122.7 gram, sedangkan untuk hasil perlakuan D0, D2 dan D3 terjadi perbedaan yang tidak terlalu signifikan. Pemberian air irigasi dengan Intermittent Irrigation tidak terlalu berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil produksi tanaman pak choi.  Interval pemberian air yang lebih panjang tetap memberikan pengaruh yang baik terhadap hasil produksi tanaman pak choi diakibatkan adanya penambahan padatan digestat pada media tanam.  Produktivitas penggunaan air tertinggi dicapai oleh perlakuan D1 dengan rata-rata sebesar 774 g/m3.

 

Kata Kunci : Digestat, Irigasi Berselang, Intermittent Irrigation, Media Tanam, dan Pak Choi.
ANALISA KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL USAHA AGROINDUSTRI ABON IKAN DI TANJUNG KARANG, KOTA MATARAM (Financial Feasibility Analysis of Agroindustry Fish Abon in Tanjung Karang Mataram City)
Authors: Hidayat Agriananta Fahmi , Baskara Zulhan Widya , Werdiningsih Wiharyani , Sulastri Yeni
Published: March 2018

Fish processing to produce fish abon could be an agroindustry business opportunity to improve the value of fish. The producing of fish abon in coastal areas increase the income of fisherman. Therefore, the financial analysis of fish abon agroindustry product is of particular important. It was revealed that the Break Even Points was 1264 packs, the Net Present Value was positive or greater than zero of Rp 108.823.562, the Internal Rate of Return was 45.43% greater than the MARR and actual interest rate, the Payback Period of 2.5 years did not exceed the planned business period. The B / C Ratio was 1.3. Therefore, based on the financial analysis, the fish abon agroindustry is feasible and worth to develop.. Sensitivity analysis using the approach of the inflation effect at 8.79% did not have any influence on the fish abon agroindustry.

Keywords:  abon, fish, financial analysis

 

ABSTRAK

Pengolahan ikan menjadi abon ikan dapat menjadi peluang usaha agroindustri untuk memberikan nilai tambah ikan. Pengolahan abon ikan diwilayah pesisir dapat menjadi alternatif untuk meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat pesisir. Oleh karena itu maka perlu dilakukan analisis finansial terhadap produk agroindustri abon ikan. Dari hasil perhitngan analisa finansial diperoleh hasil Break Even Point sebesar 1264 kemasan, Net Present Value bernilai positif atau lebih besar dari nol sebesar Rp 108.823.562, Internal Rate of  Return sebesar 45.43% lebih besar dari nilai MARR dan suku bunga aktual, Payback Period selama 2.5 tahun tidak melebihi periode usaha yang direncanakan. B/C Ratio 1.3 yang nilainya lebih besar dari 1. Sehingga dari sisi finansial usaha agroindustri abon ikan layak untuk dijalankan. Analisa sensitivitas yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan pengaruh inflasi sebesar 8.79% tidak berpengaruh terhadap usaha agroindustri abon ikan.

Kata kunci: abon, analisis finansial, ikan
Productividad de genotipos de maíz forrajero bajo fertilización orgánica y propiedades físico-químicas del suelo
Authors: González-Salas Uriel , Gallegos-Robles Miguel Ángel , Vázquez-Vazquez Cirilo , García-Hernandez José Luis , Fortis-Hernández Manuel , Mendoza-Retana Sarai Shesareli
Published: March 2018

La comarca lagunera es la principal región de explotación ganadera de bovino de leche en todo el país, proceso que demanda grandes cantidades de forraje de la mayor calidad. Por ello, el presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la producción de forraje en base seca de tres híbridos de maíz forrajero, utilizando diferentes cantidades de vermicomposta y estiércol bovino para su fertilización, así como evaluar el efecto de estos tratamientos en las propiedades físico-químicas del suelo. Bajo fertilización orgánica, se probaron los híbridos HT 6806Y, de ABT; DAS2306, de Dow Agrosciences y RX717, de Asgrow. El experimento se estableció en la Facultad de Agricultura y Zootecnia de la Universidad Juárez del estado de Durango. Se usó un diseño Bloques al Azar en parcelas divididas, con tres repeticiones. El experimento se realizó en el ciclo de primavera-verano de 2014. En el análisis de comparación de medias el híbrido HT6806Y demostró ser superior (p≤ 0.05) con una producción de 69.91 t ha-1 de forraje verde, bajo el tratamiento T3 (160 t ha-1 de estiércol solarizado con 3 t ha-1 de vermicomposta); por otro lado, los tres híbridos mostraron buena respuesta a la fertilización orgánica, ya que todos obtuvieron producciones aceptables de materia seca de 25.89 t ha-1 (HT6806Y), 26.04 t ha-1 (RX717) y 25.33 t ha-1 (DAS2306). Las mezclas de fuentes de nitrógeno probadas en este estudio resultaron ser una buena alternativa que compiten con las fuentes sintéticas de nitrógeno, mejorando algunas variables de rendimiento y calidad de los forrajes.
Efecto de los ácidos fenólicos en plantas de tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) inoculadas con Clavibacter michiganensis
Authors: Zárate-Martínez William , González-Morales Susana , Ramírez-Godina Francisca , Robledo-Olivo Armando , Juárez-Maldonado Antonio
Published: March 2018

Con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de aplicaciones exógenas de ácidos fenólicos en el cultivo de tomate, se establecieron cuatro tratamientos: 1) un testigo absoluto; 2) plantas inoculadas con Clavibacter michiganensis subesp. Michiganensis (Cmm); 3) plantas inoculadas con Clavibacter michiganensis subesp. michiganensis y con aplicación de ácidos fenólicos; y 4) plantas solo con aplicación de ácidos fenólicos. Las aplicaciones se realizaron con intervalos de una semana hasta acumular un total de 10 aplicaciones durante el ciclo de cultivo. Los resultados indican que la aplicación de ácidos fenólicos no promovió efectos en las variables agronómicas del cultivo, sin embargo, si se observó una disminución significativa en severidad de Cmm. Además, se demostró que la aplicación de ácidos fenólicos modifica la densidad e índice estomático y en combinación con estrés biótico induce un menor tamaño de estomas. En las variables histológicas se encontró que con la aplicación de ácidos fenólicos el parénquima empalizada disminuyó su longitud, también indujo un menor número y área de vasos de xilema en hoja y raíz respectivamente y una mayor longitud de córtex en la raíz. Los resultados demostraron que la aplicación de ácidos fenólicos puede ser una alternativa viable para el control de Cmm.
Contenido de zinc y rendimiento de frijol caupí biofortificado
Authors: Márquez-Quiroz César , De-la-Cruz-Lázaro Efraín , Osorio-Osorio Rodolfo , Sánchez-Chávez Esteban , Huijara-Vasconcelos José Javier , Sida-Arreola Juan Pedro
Published: March 2018

El zinc (Zn) es un elemento traza esencial para las plantas, los animales y los seres humanos; por consiguiente, su deficiencia afecta el crecimiento y el desarrollo de los mismos. Se estima que entre 15 y 30% de la población humana en el mundo exhiben deficiencias de Zn. El objetivo fue estudiar el efecto de la biofortificación con Zn2+ sobre el contenido mineral y rendimiento del frijol caupí. El experimento se desarrolló bajo un diseño completamente al azar en dos ciclos de producción. El Zn se aplicó como sulfato de zinc (T1: 0 µM L-1, T2: 25 µM L-1, T3: 50 µM L-1 y T4: 100 µM L-1) y como quelato de zinc (T5: 0 µM L-1, T6: 25 µM L-1, T7: 50 µM L-1 y T8: 100 µM L-1). Las aplicaciones de 25 µM L-1 de ZnSO4 y 50 µM L-1 de Zn-EDTA para ambos ciclos de producción fueron las más efectivas en aumentar el contenido de este elemento en la semilla de frijol caupí, determinándose 1.14 y 0.93 veces más zinc, respectivamente, en comparación con el testigo. El rendimiento, en el ciclo 1, se decrementó 53.8 y 20.3% al aplicar 50 µM L-1 de ZnSO4 y 25 µM L-1 de Zn-EDTA, respectivamente. La adición de 50 µM L-1 de ZnSO4 y 25 µM L-1 de Zn-EDTA, en el ciclo 2, incrementó el rendimiento en 16.7 y 37.3%, respectivamente, en comparación con el testigo. Los mejores tratamientos para biofortificar frijol caupí fueron 25 µM L-1 de ZnSO4 y 50 µM L-1 de Zn-EDTA para ambos ciclos de producción.
Efecto del sistema de siembra directa en las propiedades del suelo y aprovechamiento del agua de riego en maíz (Zea mays L.) en Sinaloa, México
Authors: Sifuentes Ibarra Ernesto , Macías Cervantes Jaime , Mendoza Pérez Cándido , Vázquez Díaz David Alejandro , Salinas Verduzco Daniel Arturo , Inzunza Ibarra Marco Antonio
Published: March 2018

Sinaloa es el principal productor de maíz a nivel nacional, sin embargo, la labranza excesiva y la práctica del monocultivo de maíz por más de 30 años, han ocasionado pérdida de fertilidad del suelo, menor retención de agua e incremento de costos de producción. Con el fin de evaluar el efecto del sistema de siembra directa (SD) en las propiedades físico-químicas del suelo y en la eficiencia en el uso del agua del cultivo de maíz, se realizó un estudio en el norte de Sinaloa, México durante tres ciclos agrícolas bajo riego por aspersión (pivote central), donde se establecieron los tratamientos 1) SD; y 2) labranza convencional de la región (LC) en 0.5 ha cada uno. Las propiedades del suelo evaluadas fueron materia orgánica (MO), densidad aparente (Da), porosidad total (E), pH y conductividad eléctrica (CE). Además, se instalaron dos estaciones fijas con sensores a tres profundidades del perfil (30, 60 y 90 cm) para medir el comportamiento de la humedad aprovechable (HA) y temperatura del suelo (Ts). Los resultados mostraron que en el tercer ciclo la materia orgánica alcanzó un valor de 1.47% en SD, mientras que en LC se mantuvo 1%, el pH y la CE mostraron ligera disminución. Se observó también en SD mayor estabilidad de la humedad en el perfil del suelo, con un incremento del 4.62% de HA y una reducción de 1oC de Ts, lo cual permitió eliminar un riego de auxilio que representa un ahorro de 800 m3 ha-1. La eliminación de este riego y de labores de preparación del terreno y control de malezas redujeron 20% los costos de producción.
Aplicación de ácido cítrico incrementa la calidad y capacidad antioxidante de germinados de lenteja
Authors: Salas-Pérez Lilia , Gaucín Delgado Jazmín Monserrat , Preciado-Rangel Pablo , Gonzales Fuentes José Antonio , Ayala Garay Alma Velia , Segura Castruita Miguel Ángel
Published: March 2018

El contenido de compuestos antioxidantes en germinados de lenteja se relaciona con la prevención y el tratamiento de enfermedades degenerativas. Este tipo de compuestos podrían incrementarse por la aplicación de elicitores como el ácido cítrico, el cual promueve la sintésis de compuestos derivados de los fenilpropanoides y activa cascada de señalización que incrementan la actividad antioxidante. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar el efecto de la aplicación por aspersión de ácido cítrico (0, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4 y 10-5 M) en el contenido de compuestos fenólicos totales, flavonoides totales, capacidad antioxidante total de germinados de lenteja. Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar con seis repeticiones de tratamiento. Los resultados mostraron que el ácido cítrico incremento significativamente los compuestos fenólicos y flavonoides totales. El valor más alto de compuestos fenólicos y flavonoides se obtuvo con el tratamiento 10-2 M de ácido cítrico con 185.5, 150 mg 100 g-1 peso fresco respectivamente. Igualmente, la capacidad antioxidante fue mayor con el mismo tratamiento (10-2 M), lo cual concuerda con los resultados de correlación obtenidos que indican que la capacidad antioxidante se debe en 86 y 78% a los compuestos fenólicos y flavonoides, respectivamente. Se concluye que la aplicación de concentraciones molares de moléculas inductoras del metabolismo secundario durante la etapa de desarrollo de germinados es un método útil y efectivo para estimular la biosíntesis de fitoquímicos bioactivos y mejorar la capacidad antioxidante de este tipo de alimento.
SISTEM PENCARIAN KATALOG BUKU MENGGUNAKAN METODE NAIVE BAYES CLASIFIER (NBC) PADA APLIKASI MULIA-BOOKSTORE BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Kusuma Abdi Pandu , Srirahayu Ida
Published: March 2018

Pencarian data buku merupakan serangkaian proses pencarian data untuk mendapatkan sebuah data, informasi barang yang dibutuhkan. Pencarian data bisa menggunakan alat bantu yang bisa disebut aplikasi. Pada penelitian ini aplikasi pencarian data buku dikembangkan pada Toko Mulia Blitar. Aplikasi yang diterapkan dalam penelitian adalah aplikasi pencarian data yang dilakukan secara otomatis menggunakan aplikasi yang dikembangkan dengan metode Naive Bayes Clasifier dengan pengaplikasian software client berbasis smartphone mobile. Aplikasi server berbasis website berfungsi menginputkan data buku oleh administrator dan aplikasi client berbasis mobile berfungsi sebagai media yang dapat digunakan oleh konsumen untuk mencari data buku. Pada aplikasi Mulia-bookstore terdapat data buku dengan berbagai judul yang ditampilkan berdasarkan kategori buku. Pada penelitian ini metode Naive Bayes Clasifier diterapkan sebagai metode pencarian data buku dengan menemukan judul buku yang dicari berdasarkan kata kunci yang diinputkan oleh konsumen, sehingga jika buku yang dicari tersedia akan menampilkan data buku secara akurat berdasarkan kata kunci yang diinputkan.
EFISIENSI REPRODUKSI SAPI PERSILANGAN LIMOUSIN DAN PERANAKAN ONGOLE (LIMPO) DI DESA SLOROK KECAMATAN KROMENGAN KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Andaka Adi
Published: March 2018

The research was held in Slorok village, Kromengan district, Malang began on 10th until 30th June 2012.The result of this research was to know the grade CR, S/C, DO, and CI in the cattle Limousin and PO cow in Slorok village, Kromengan district, Malang.The subyek of this research were the Limousin and PO cow farm in Slorok village, Kromengan district, Malang. The methode of this survey was by using scunder data that was IB note card that was provided in farm. The result of this research was 55% of CR so that the number of the conception be normal, the value of S/C was 1,7 times, the value of DO 64,,07 days, and the value of CI was 357,98 days.From the result could be concluded that the level of fertyliti the female animals in Kromengan district were good enough and had normal preserving management. The suggestion of this research was cattleman should had always completed the recording farm so that made farming management be casier
EFISIENSI REPRODUKSI SAPI PERAH FRIESIAN HOLSTEIN (Studi kasus Di Peternakan Bapak Nur Trianto Desa Ngaglik Kecamatan Srengat Kabupaten Blitar)
Authors: A.K Nita Opi
Published: March 2018

This research have done at Mr. Nur Trianto’s dairy cow breeding, which placed at Ngaglik village, Srengat districk, Blitar, began at 11th until 24th June 2012. This research in order to know the CR, S/C, and NRR grade of his dairy cows.The materials of this research are 30 dairy cows Friesian Holstein (FH) with 63,3% as CR valve, so the conception number is on the standart. Then, S/C value is 1,5, this value shows that S/C value in this breeding is very good. And the last is NRR value, it’s 63,3%, it means that 63,3% or 19 dairy cows do not want be inseminated again after the farmer doing artificially insemination. The result of research that Mr. Nur Trianto’s breeding has dairy cows with a good fertility and standart in farming management. The suggest for this research is the breeder should always make the note of his cattle’s reproduction complete, in order to be able to manage his breeding easier.Key Word: CR, S/C, NRR
STRATEGI PEMASARAN OBAT HEWAN SATWA UNGGUL BLITAR (Studi Kasus Di Desa Sanankulon Kecamatan Sanankulon Kabupaten Blitar)
Authors: Faozi Imam , Arnyke Errythrina Vinnifera
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the marketing mix strategy that has been applied by the company in its business development, to analyze the internal and external environment condition faced by PT Satwa Unggul, to formulate the best alternative marketing strategy of PT Satwa Unggul by considering the company environment to be able to compete in the market. The data collected are primary and secondary data that are qualitative. The research method used in this study is primary data obtained from recording and direct interviews with leaders, employees, and customers. Secondary data is obtained from the report where the company jemen and literature in the form of library materials taken from previous research. The marketing mix strategy being carried out by the company concerning the product strategy (brand awareness on the brand), pricing strategy (discounted price), distribution strategy (three distribution patterns), and promotion strategy (animal inspection and free extension services) can assessed to have successfully accommodate the needs of customers with various facilities and company benefits. Based on internal environmental analysis with Descriptive Analysis can be seen that PT Satwa Unggul has a strong internal position. This means the company has been able to use its strengths and overcome its weaknesses quite well. Company's strengths include: affordable prices, good product quality, specialized workforces, sales with personal selling, and sales targets for large farmers. While the weakness of the company in the form: strong influence of leadership, capital limitations, delay in delivery time, no exclusive contract with customers, and the absence of R & D activities. Based on the analysis of the external environment with Descriptive Analysis, it can be seen that PT Satwa Unggul also has a strong external position, because it has been able to take advantage of opportunities and can handle the threat quite well .keyword : marketing strategy, satwa unggul, analyze
Comparison of corrected serum calcium changes following thyroid and non thyroid neck surgeries
Authors: Sinha Saloni , Baskota Dharma Kanta
Published: March 2018

Objective: To compare the corrected serum calcium changes following thyroid and non thyroid neck surgeries.Material and Methods: It was a prospective, longitudinal and comparative study, done in Ganesh Man Singh Memorial Academy of ENT and Head and Neck Studies, Tribhuvan University, Teaching hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Convenient sample size was taken of patients undergoing thyroid and non thyroid neck surgeries under general anaesthesia, between 1st November 2009 to 30th April 2011.Result: Total 87 cases were included which comprises 41 cases of thyroid and 46 cases of non thyroid neck lesions. Total females in thyroid cases were 39 out of 41 and in non thyroid cases 25 out of 46. The mean corrected calcium in thyroid cases were 2.04 ± 0.07, 1.75 ± 0.26, 1.92 ± 0.16 and 2.00 ± 0.07 in pre-operative, recovery room (immediate post-operative), post-operative day-1(POD 1) and post-operative day-4(POD- 4) respectively. The mean calcium changes in non thyroid cases were 2.04 ± 0.09, 1.89 ± 0.19, 1.94 ± 0.13 and 1.99 ± 0.04 in pre-operative period, recovery room (immediate post-operative), post-operative day-1(POD-1) and post-operative day-4 (POD- 4) respectively. In both thyroid and non thyroid group, the calcium drop was statistically significant  (< 0.05) in recovery. Rest were not significant statistically. The mean differences from pre-operative to recovery and preoperative to POD-1 corrected calcium changes were also significant in both thyroid and non thyroid groups. The mean difference between preoperative to POD-4 was not significant in both groups.Conclusion: After comparing the corrected serum calcium changes following thyroid and non thyroid neck surgeries, the transient post-operative hypocalcaemia is not a thyroid surgery dependent phenomenon. Haemodilution is the main factor for hypocalcaemia in immediate postoperative period in all major neck surgeries.Nepalese Journal of ENT Head and Neck Surgery, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2015
Structural, magnetic and optical properties of Al-substituted nickel ferrite nanoparticles
Authors: Vigneswari Thangaraj , Raji Palanimuthu
Published: March 2018

Aluminium (Al) substituted nickel ferrite (NiAlxFe2-xO4 with x = 0.0, 0.5 and 1.0) nanoparticles were synthesized by the technique of co-precipitation. The microstructural and optical properties of nickel ferrite nanoparticles were meticulously evaluated from X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis and UV–vis spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction pattern of nanoparticles confirmed the single phase of cubic spinel structure. The particle size of nickel ferrite nanoparticles was in the range of 25–35 nm, while the lattice parameter “a” decreased with respect to Al content. The presence of Ni, Fe, Al, and O elemental peaks in the energy dispersive X-ray spectrum confirmed the formation of nickel ferrite nanoparticles. The functional groups of Al–Ni spinel ferrite phase were further confirmed from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Two major absorption bands in the IR spectrum were observed at 600 cm−1 (the high frequency band, ν1) and 450 cm−1 (the low frequency band, ν2) from tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) interstitial sites in the spinel lattice. The magnetic hysteresis curves were recorded with respect to Al concentration at room temperature using vibrating sample magnetometry. The magnetization and coercivity of nickel ferrite were decreased as the Al contents increased.
Osservatorio normativo
Authors: Nicotera Luisa
Published: March 2018

L'osservatorio presenta i provvedimenti normativi nazionali maggiormente significativi relativi al periodo di riferimento, riportando un breve commento a corredo dei testi pubblicati.
Global financial crisis and relevance of GRI disclosure in Italy. Insights from the stakeholder theory and the legitimacy theory
Authors: Fornaciari Luca , Pesci Caterina
Published: March 2018

In this study, we examine the effects of voluntary disclosure on the market value of Italian-listed companies adopting GRI guidelines, interpreting our results in the light of both stakeholder theory and legitimacy theory. From a methodological viewpoint, an index is used to measure the level of disclosure of human resources and environmental information. We consider a sample of firms listed on the Milan Stock Exchange for an eleven-year period (2004-2014). The period chosen gave us the opportunity to assess the value-relevance of environmental and social information before and during the Global Financial Crisis. We supplement the previous literature on the topic of the relationship between social and environmental disclosure and value-relevance by arguing that sustainability tools have to be evaluated, remembering that they express a notion of value in the long term and provide information to a large number of stakeholders. Our findings show that environmental information is only value-relevant during the crisis period, when the shareholder perspective comes more into line with other stakeholder perspectives because they are seeking a middle-to-long run notion of value. Finally, we find that a high level of GRI information disclosure is positively evaluated by investors; this result is important also because it was obtained in the Italian market which is largely considered inefficient, and thus it supports the urgent need to provide high-quality information in each type of market.
Position Paper. Per un programma di eliminazione della Epatite C nella popolazione a rischio dei consumatori di sostanze e dei detenuti
Authors: Nava Felice , Alberti Alfredo , Andreoni Massimo , Babudieri Sergio , Barbarini Giorgio , D'Egidio Pietro , Leonardi Claudio , Lucchini Alfio
Published: March 2018

I dati contenuti nella letteratura scientifica di recente pubblicazione individuano nel consumo di sostanze il fattore di rischio più importante per la trasmissione di HCV evidenziando altresì come i dipendenti da sostanze rappresentino il serbatoio più importante della malattia. Un' altra popolazione a rischio è rappresentata dai detenuti, soprattutto perché la maggior parte di essi ha una storia di consumo di sostanze.Il trattamento della popolazione a rischio (consumatori di sostanze e detenuti) deve diventare una priorità per i sistemi sanitari sia per garantire l'equità di accesso alle cure che per raggiungere l'obiettivo di sanità pubblica di eliminazione dell'HCV.I programmi di presa in carico devono essere integrati, multidisciplinari flessibili, individuali e di prossimità, basati sulle evidenze scientifiche e diffusi omogeneamente su tutto il territorio nazionale. La presa in carico deve essere supportata da procedure e linee guida che devono comprendere anche le azioni di riduzione del danno, cosi come suggerite dall'OMS.
Psicopatologia e demonologia. La "diagnosi" di possessione nel corso del XX secolo
Authors: Innamorati Marco , Taradel Ruggero , Foschi Renato
Published: March 2018

Young (2016) ha recentemente notato una reviviscenza dell'idea della presenza del Diavolo e della pratica dell'esorcismo nel mondo attuale. Questo articolo ricostruisce la storia della demonologia cattolica, in relazione alla psicopatologia e alla psicoterapia. I demoni, nel corso della storia, sono stati considerati alla stregua di entità reali e concrete, e identificati come responsabili di malattie psichiche e fisiche, e per disastri nel mondo naturale. L'articolo sottolinea come l'esorcismo sia sopravvissuto all'affermarsi della psicoterapia perché, all'interno della teologia e della cultura cattolica, si è avuta una pervicace resistenza contro un'interpretazione in termini simbolici e metaforici della figura del Diavolo. I tentativi di secolarizzare il concetto di Diavolo - per esempio introducendo il cosiddetto Effetto Lucifero (Zimbardo, 2007) - non sono stati completamente coronati da successo. In alcuni specifici ambienti di psicoterapia a ispirazione cattolica, la credenza nel Diavolo è ancora attiva, come possibile spiegazione di fenomeni bizzarri, estremi o altrimenti inesplicabili.
Il fraterno in psicoanalisi e nella ricerca psicologica
Authors: Sommantico Massimiliano
Published: March 2018

A partire dall'analisi della letteratura psicoanalitica e psicologica sul tema del fraterno, viene tracciato un percorso che fa emergere il modo in cui è stata, più o meno esplicitamente, trattata questa tematica negli autori classici e nella letteratura internazionale contemporanea. Nella prima parte vengono discussi autori classici del pensiero psicoanalitico, con una particolare attenzione alle evoluzioni teoriche. Vengono poi poste a confronto tre specifiche teorizzazioni psicoanalitiche contemporanee sul fraterno. Nella parte finale viene presentata una sintetica rassegna delle ricerche psicologiche sulla relazione fraterna.
Politica identitaria: e allora? Riflessioni psicoanalitiche su identità e politica
Authors: Rothschild Berthold
Published: March 2018

Recenti avvenimenti politici, a livello globale e anche locale, hanno visto un ampio utilizzo di termini psicologici nelle analisi politiche. Ad esempio viene sempre più usato nelle circostanze più svariate il termine "politica identitaria". Esiste una lunga tradizione di critica al diffuso utilizzo di termini e concetti psicologici e psicoanalitici da parte di giornalisti e politici, specialmente riguardo all'uso tradizionale del concetto di "identità" di Erik Erikson della fine degli anni 1950. Viene argomentato che un uso non rigoroso del concetto di identità in politica è non solo inutile e ridondante, ma anche dannoso.
Dibattiti. Riflessioni sulla Legge 180: fra etica, ideologia e saperi
Authors: Angelozzi Andrea
Published: March 2018

Vengono presi in esame criticamente alcuni aspetti dell'intervento di Pietro Pellegrini "Per il futuro della Legge 180" (Psicoterapia e Scienze Umane, 2018, 52,1: 115-119) che rischiano di trasformare qualunque discorso relativo alla Legge 180/1978 in un dibattito etico relativo ai diritti di cittadinanza, impedendo di cogliere anche le conseguenze effettive della Legge sulla gestione dei problemi di salute mentale delle persone e della organizzazione dei Servizi. Viene posta in discussione la effettiva natura etica di talune posizioni, che devono confrontarsi con il sospetto di ideologia da una parte e con i saperi scientifici dall'altra.
The Persistent Issue of Simulator Sickness in Naval Aviation Training
Authors: Geyer Daniel J. , Biggs Adam T.
Published: March 2018

INTRODUCTION: Virtual simulations offer nearly unlimited training potential for naval aviation due to the wide array of scenarios that can be simulated in a safe, reliable, and cost-effective environment. This versatility has created substantial interest in using existing and
emerging virtual technology to enhance training scenarios. However, the virtual simulations themselves may hinder training initiatives by inducing simulator sickness among the trainees, which is a series of symptoms similar to motion sickness that can arise from simulator use. Simulator sickness
has been a problem for military aviation since the first simulators were introduced. The problem has also persisted despite the increasing fidelity and sense of immersion offered by new generations of simulators. As such, it is essential to understand the various problems so that trainers
can ensure the best possible use of the simulators. This review will examine simulator sickness as it pertains to naval aviation training. Topics include: the prevailing theories on why symptoms develop, methods of measurement, contributing factors, effects on training, effects when used shipboard,
aftereffects, countermeasures, and recommendations for future research involving virtual simulations in an aviation training environment.Geyer DJ, Biggs AT. The persistent issue of simulator sickness in naval aviation training. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018; 89(4):396–405.
How Organizational Culture Shapes Women’s Leadership Experiences
Authors: Longman Karen , Daniels Jessica , Bray Debbie Lamm , Liddell Wendy
Published: March 2018

This article presents the findings of a grounded theory study that examined the role of organizational culture and organizational fit in the leadership aspirations and experiences of 16 women working in faith-based colleges and universities in the U.S. Specifically, the researchers sought to understand what aspects of organizational culture at the home institutions of these participants influenced their employment experiences, including their considerations and decisions related to aspiring to and/or advancing into leadership. Analysis of the interview data indicated that the participants clustered into four subgroups: (1) participants who did not perceive that gender issues in the culture influenced their work or roles within the institution; (2) participants who reported that they did not perceive gender issues to be an institutional problem; however, they cited examples of problematic systems and cultures; (3) participants who identified gender inequalities at their institution, but indicated that such problems impacted them only minimally, if at all; and (4) participants who offered explicit criticism regarding the gendered dynamics evident in the culture in their institutions and in Christian higher education more broadly. Influences on leadership aspirations or experiences were identified as either being “push” (i.e., propelling the participant away from the organization and thus diminishing aspirations or willingness to move into or remain in leadership) or “pull” (i.e., drawing the participant into further engagement with the organization, thus increasing the desire to become or remain a leader in that context), with particular attention to the context of faith-based higher education. The article concludes with a brief discussion of implications for practice for individuals and postsecondary institutions.
Hydrophilic Auristatin Glycoside Payload Enables Improved Antibody-Drug Conjugate Efficacy and Biocompatibility
Authors: Satomaa Tero , Pynnönen Henna , Vilkman Anja , Kotiranta Titta , Pitkänen Virve , Heiskanen Annamari , Herpers Bram , Price Leo , Helin Jari , Saarinen Juhani
Published: March 2018

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) offer a combination of antibody therapy and specific delivery of potent small-molecule payloads to target cells. The properties of the ADC molecule are determined by the balance of its components. The efficacy of the payload component increases with higher drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR), while homogeneous DAR = 8 ADCs are easily prepared by conjugation to the four accessible antibody hinge cystines. However, use of hydrophobic payloads has permitted only DAR = 2–4, due to poor pharmacokinetics and aggregation problems. Here, we describe generation and characterization of homogeneous DAR = 8 ADCs carrying a novel auristatin β-D-glucuronide, MMAU. The glycoside payload contributed to overall hydrophilicity of the ADC reducing aggregation. Compared to standard DAR = 2–4 ADCs, cytotoxicity of the homogeneous DAR = 8 ADCs was improved to low-picomolar IC50 values against cancer cells in vitro. Bystander efficacy was restored after ADC internalization and subsequent cleavage of the glycoside, although unconjugated MMAU was relatively non-toxic to cells. DAR = 8 MMAU ADCs were effective against target antigen-expressing xenograft tumors. The ADCs were also studied in 3D in vitro patient-derived xenograft (PDX) assays where they outperformed clinically used ADC. In conclusion, increased hydrophilicity of the payload contributed to the ADC’s hydrophilicity, stability and safety to non-target cells, while significantly improving cytotoxicity and enabling bystander efficacy.
High-Throughput Sequencing Analysis of the Actinobacterial Spatial Diversity in Moonmilk Deposits
Authors: Maciejewska Marta , Całusińska Magdalena , Cornet Luc , Adam Delphine , Pessi Igor , Malchair Sandrine , Delfosse Philippe , Baurain Denis , Barton Hazel , Carnol Monique , Rigali Sébastien
Published: March 2018

Moonmilk are cave carbonate deposits that host a rich microbiome, including antibiotic-producing Actinobacteria, making these speleothems appealing for bioprospecting. Here, we investigated the taxonomic profile of the actinobacterial community of three moonmilk deposits of the cave “Grotte des Collemboles” via high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons. Actinobacteria was the most common phylum after Proteobacteria, ranging from 9% to 23% of the total bacterial population. Next to actinobacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) attributed to uncultured organisms at the genus level (~44%), we identified 47 actinobacterial genera with Rhodoccocus (4 OTUs, 17%) and Pseudonocardia (9 OTUs, ~16%) as the most abundant in terms of the absolute number of sequences. Streptomycetes presented the highest diversity (19 OTUs, 3%), with most of the OTUs unlinked to the culturable Streptomyces strains that were previously isolated from the same deposits. Furthermore, 43% of the OTUs were shared between the three studied collection points, while 34% were exclusive to one deposit, indicating that distinct speleothems host their own population, despite their nearby localization. This important spatial diversity suggests that prospecting within different moonmilk deposits should result in the isolation of unique and novel Actinobacteria. These speleothems also host a wide range of non-streptomycetes antibiotic-producing genera, and should therefore be subjected to methodologies for isolating rare Actinobacteria.
Biomass District Heating Systems Based on Agriculture Residues
Authors: Soltero Víctor , Chacartegui Ricardo , Ortiz Carlos , Lizana Jesús , Quirosa Gonzalo
Published: March 2018

This paper presents a methodology for analyzing the regional potential for developing biomass district heating systems combining forestry biomass and agriculture residues as fuel. As a case study, this methodology is applied to the continental region of Spain. With this analysis the potential for the implementation of biomass district heating systems based on the use of agriculture residues is applied to 501 rural municipalities in Spain. The renewable forestry biomass and agriculture residues resources availability is analyzed and the biomass required for heating is assessed. The results of applying the methodology show the interest of the combination of biomass sources in a relevant number of municipalities with estimated Internal Rate of Return (IRR) values above 10% and for the analyzed region an IRR mean value of 4.3%.
Seismic Response of a Three-Dimensional Asymmetric Multi-Storey Reinforced Concrete Structure
Authors: Lim Hyun-Kyu , Kang Jun , Pak Hongrak , Chi Ho-Seok , Lee Young-Geun , Kim Janghwan
Published: March 2018

This study discusses the seismic behavior of a geometrically asymmetric three-storey reinforced concrete (RC) building, considering torsional effect and material nonlinearity. The building is a test structure that was used for seismic performance evaluation in the SMART 2013 (Seismic design and best-estimate Methods Assessment for Reinforced concrete buildings subjected to Torsion and nonlinear effects) international benchmark. To begin with, nonlinear stress–strain relationships that were set up for concrete and reinforcing steel are validated by finite element local tests with a representative volume element. A modal analysis shows that the first three calculated natural frequencies are close to the ones that are obtained by modal experiments. The finite element modeling is further validated by comparing the calculated displacement and acceleration due to a low-intensity ground motion with the responses from the corresponding shaking table test. Using the validated model, a blind nonlinear seismic analysis is performed for a series of Northridge earthquakes in order to estimate the behavior of the asymmetric RC structure to high-intensity ground motions. The calculated displacement and acceleration, as well as their response spectra at various sampling points, agree well with the results of a three-dimensional benchmark shaking table test. By investigating the seismic torsional behavior of the asymmetric RC structure, it is shown that the seismic response of an asymmetric structure is larger than that of a hypothetical symmetric structure. The result indicates that a larger seismic response should be considered in the seismic design of an asymmetric structure compared to a symmetric structure with similar design conditions.
Ca/Si and Si/Al Ratios of Metakaolinite-Based Wastes: Their Influence on Mineralogy and Mechanical Strengths
Authors: García-Giménez Rosario , Frias Moisés , Vigil de la Villa Raquel , Martínez-Ramírez Sagrario
Published: March 2018

Kaolinite-based wastes are researched as an alternative means of extracting metakaolinite, a pozzolanic product for the manufacture of eco-efficient cements. However, both crystallinity and the content of this crystalline phase play important roles during their thermal activation and, therefore, in their subsequent behavior in the matrix with cementitious properties. In this study, the initial compositions of two thermally activated products (paper sludge and coal waste) are studied for both the mineralogy and the mechanical properties of binary cements. The elemental composition of the materials was analyzed with X-ray Fluorescence (XRF). The mineralogy of the crystalline materials was determined by X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The sample morphology was determined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The pozzolanic activity is measured by accelerated methods and the preparation of the specimens of blended cement is prepared following the procedure described by Kock-Steinegger. The results showed that the pozzolanic activity of the waste (in terms of fixed lime) was similar at 90 days but that its reaction rate was different. The pozzolanic reaction of both wastes produced stratlingite and C-S-H gels, with the presence of C4AH13. The C-S-H gel generated with coal waste had very short chains, was poorer in Ca and was rich in Al. The addition of both wastes to the cement modified its mineralogical composition in comparison with a conventional cement, favoring the formation of C4AH13 over the formation of ettringite.
The Multiple-Update-Infill Sampling Method Using Minimum Energy Design for Sequential Surrogate Modeling
Authors: Hwang Yongmoon , Cha Sang-Lyul , Kim Sehoon , Jin Seung-Seop , Jung Hyung-Jo
Published: March 2018

Computer experiments are widely used to evaluate the performance and reliability of engineering systems with the lowest possible time and cost. Sometimes, a high-fidelity model is required to ensure predictive accuracy; this becomes computationally intensive when many computational analyses are required (for example, inverse analysis or uncertainty analysis). In this context, a surrogate model can play a valuable role in addressing computational issues. Surrogate models are fast approximations of high-fidelity models. One efficient way for surrogate modeling is the sequential sampling (SS) method. The SS method sequentially adds samples to refine the surrogate model. This paper proposes a multiple-update-infill sampling method using a minimum energy design to improve the global quality of the surrogate model. The minimum energy design was recently developed for global optimization to find multiple optima. The proposed method was evaluated with other multiple-update-infill sampling methods in terms of convergence, accuracy, sampling efficiency, and computational cost.
Towards Control of a Transhumeral Prosthesis with EEG Signals
Authors: Bandara D.S.V. , Arata Jumpei , Kiguchi Kazuo
Published: March 2018

Robotic prostheses are expected to allow amputees greater freedom and mobility. However, available options to control transhumeral prostheses are reduced with increasing amputation level. In addition, for electromyography-based control of prostheses, the residual muscles alone cannot generate sufficiently different signals for accurate distal arm function. Thus, controlling a multi-degree of freedom (DoF) transhumeral prosthesis is challenging with currently available techniques. In this paper, an electroencephalogram (EEG)-based hierarchical two-stage approach is proposed to achieve multi-DoF control of a transhumeral prosthesis. In the proposed method, the motion intention for arm reaching or hand lifting is identified using classifiers trained with motion-related EEG features. For this purpose, neural network and k-nearest neighbor classifiers are used. Then, elbow motion and hand endpoint motion is estimated using a different set of neural-network-based classifiers, which are trained with motion information recorded using healthy subjects. The predictions from the classifiers are compared with residual limb motion to generate a final prediction of motion intention. This can then be used to realize multi-DoF control of a prosthesis. The experimental results show the feasibility of the proposed method for multi-DoF control of a transhumeral prosthesis. This proof of concept study was performed with healthy subjects.
Development and Pilot Testing of an Internet-Based Self-Help Intervention for Depression for Indian Users
Authors: Mehrotra Seema , Sudhir Paulomi , Rao Girish , Thirthalli Jagadisha , Srikanth TK
Published: March 2018

There is a dearth of published research on uptake and utility of mental health apps in India, despite a rising global trend in the application of technology in the field of mental health. We describe the development and pilot testing of a self-help intervention for depression, PUSH-D (Practice and Use Self-Help for Depression) for urban Indians. This guided self-help app, with essential and optional zone sections, was developed to provide a comprehensive coverage of therapeutic strategies drawn from cognitive behavior therapy, interpersonal therapy, supportive psychotherapy, and positive psychology. Pilot testing was carried out using a single group pre-, post- and follow-up design in 78 eligible participants. Participants were typically young adults with major depression or dysthymia and significant impairment in functioning. Almost two-thirds of the participants had never sought professional mental health help. Significant reductions in depression and improvement in the functioning and well-being were notedon standardized measures in participants completing all 10 essential zone sections. These gains were maintained at follow-up. The results were similar for partial completers, who completed fiveout of the 10 essential sections. PUSH-D is one of the first indigenously developed self-help apps for depression and it shows promise in reducing the treatment gap for depression in India.
Smart Polymers in Micro and Nano Sensory Devices
Authors: Reglero Ruiz José , Sanjuán Ana , Vallejos Saúl , García Félix , García José
Published: March 2018

The present review presents the most recent developments concerning the application of sensory polymers in the detection and quantification of different target species. We will firstly describe the main polymers that are being employed as sensory polymers, including, for example, conducting or acrylate-based polymers. In the second part of the review, we will briefly describe the different mechanisms of detection and the target species, such as metal cations and anions, explosives, and biological and biomedical substances. To conclude, we will describe the advancements in recent years concerning the fabrication of micro and nano sensory devices based on smart polymers, with a bibliographic revision of the research work published between 2005 and today, with special emphasis on research work presented since 2010. A final section exposing the perspectives and challenges of this interesting research line will end the present review article.