bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated neuro‐evolution heuristic with sequential quadratic programming for second‐order prediction differential models
Authors: Sabir Zulqurnain , Raja Muhammad Asif Zahoor , Wahab Hafiz Abdul , Shoaib Muhammad , Aguilar J. F. Gómez
Published: December 2020

The current study presents a novel application of integrated intelligent computing solver for numerical treatment of second‐order prediction differential models by exploiting the continuous mapping of artificial neural network (ANN) models of differential operators, global/local search optimization competencies of combined genetic algorithms (GAs) and sequential quadratic programming (SQPs), that is, ANNGASQP. Neural network based differential models are arbitrary integrated to formulate merit function in mean squared error sense and merit function globally optimized with GAs aided with local refinements of SQP. The integrated neuro‐evolutionary ANNGASQP scheme is implemented on four different numerical examples of the prediction differential models for numerical solution to examine the precision, proficiency, and consistency. The comparison of proposed solutions through ANNGASQP for prediction differential models with available reference results indicate the good agreement with absolute errors around 10−6 to 10−8. The worth of ANNGASQP is further established through near optimal values of performance measures on statistical date for multiple trials.
Boosting the Economic Recovery or Closing a Green Deal in Europe? Or Both?
Authors: Valla Natacha
Published: December 2020

The recovery measures announced by Europe in parallel with the Green Deal are the perfect opportunity to step up the effort to measure the impact of public expenditure, both in the short and in the long term. To that aim, it is essential to quickly stabilise benchmarks to measure the financial and non-financial impact of investments in the European recovery plan.
How Hydrogen Admixture Changes Plasma Jet Characteristics in Spray Processes at Low Pressure
Authors: Mauer Georg
Published: December 2020

In plasma spraying, hydrogen is widely used as a secondary working gas besides argon. In particular under low pressure, there are strong effects on the plasma jet characteristics even by small hydrogen percentages. Under such conditions, fundamental mechanisms like diffusion and recombination are affected while this is less relevant under atmospheric conditions. This was investigated for argon–hydrogen mixtures by optical emission spectroscopy (OES). The small electron densities under the investigated low pressure conditions implied specific difficulties in the application of several OES-based methods which are discussed in detail. Adding hydrogen to the plasma gas effected an increased plasma enthalpy. Moreover, the jet expanded radially as the reactive part of the thermal conductivity was enhanced by recombination of atomic hydrogen so that the shock waves were less reflected at the cold jet rims. In the jet cores, the lowest temperatures were found for the highest hydrogen admixture because the energy consumption due to the dissociation of molecular hydrogen outbalanced the increase of the plasma enthalpy. Variations in the radial temperature profiles were related to the jet structure and radial thermal conductivity. The local hydrogen–argon concentration ratios revealed an accumulation of hydrogen atoms at the jet rims. Clear indications were found, that higher hydrogen contents promoted the fast recombination of electrons and ions. However, it is assumed that the transport properties of the plasma were hardly affected by this, since the electron densities and thus the ionization degrees were generally small due to the low pressure conditions.
Greek–Soviet relations 1959–1962: the Greek response to the Kremlin's challenge
Authors: Tasoulas Argyrios
Published: December 2020

In 1959–62, relations between Greece and the USSR entered a new phase. The tactics of the Soviet Union regarding Cyprus in 1955–9 did not pay off, as the rift between Greece, Turkey, and NATO was largely bridged in the aftermath of the 1959 Cyprus agreements. However, the search for a Cold War détente engendered pervasive insecurity in a frontline state like Greece, always afraid that its larger allies might abandon it. Nuclear intimidation, Greek anti-communism on the one hand; on the other, the impressive development of trade relations, created a complex environment. This article, based on the archives of the Greek Foreign Ministry, and the personal archive of the Greek prime minister, Constantine Karamanlis, discusses Athens’ response to the new Soviet policy.
Striving for Consistency: Why German Sentencing Needs Reform
Authors: Herz Clara
Published: December 2020

Given the debate at the seventy-second Conference of the Association of German Jurists (Deutscher Juristentag) in September 2018 on whether German sentencing needs reform, this Article will explore this very question in greater detail. In this regard, this Article will present various empirical studies in order to demonstrate that notable inconsistencies in German sentencing practice exist. This Article will then point out that broad statutory sentencing ranges, along with fairly vague sentencing guidance, are among the main causes of these disparities. Subsequently, this Article will examine several mechanisms that selected foreign jurisdictions—namely the U.S., the U.K., and Australia—have put in place in order to enhance consistency in their sentencing practices. Three mechanisms of sentencing guidance will be distinguished here: First, formal sentencing guidelines; second, guideline judgments; and third, sentencing advisory bodies as they operate in some Australian states. This Article will compare these mechanisms and assess their merits and drawbacks. Based on this comparative study, this Article will look at how to improve consistency in German sentencing practice. In this respect, this Article will present three steps that German criminal law reform should follow, including a better sentencing framework, the strategic gathering of sentencing data, and the implementation of a flexible sentencing guidelines regime.
Resolving VLBI correlator ambiguity in the time delay model improves precision of geodetic measurements
Authors: Titov O. , Melnikov A. , Lopez Y.
Published: December 2020

The modern Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) relativistic delay model, as documented in the IERS Conventions, refers to the time epoch when the signal passes one of two stations of an interferometer baseline (selected arbitrarily from the pair of stations and called the ‘reference station’ or ‘station 1’). This model consists of the previous correlation procedure used before the year 2002. However, since 2002 a new correlation procedure that produces the VLBI group delays referring to the time epoch of signal passage at the geocenter has been used. A corresponding correction to the conventional VLBI model delay has to be introduced. However, this correction has not been thoroughly presented in peer reviewed journals, and different approaches are used at the correlators to calculate the final group delays officially published in the IVS database. This may cause an inconsistency up to 6 ps for ground-based VLBI experiments between the group delay obtained by the correlator and the geometrical model delay from the IERS Conventions used in data analysis software. Moreover, a miscalculation of the signal arrival moment to the ‘reference station’ could result in a larger modelling error (up to 50 ps). The paper presents the justification of the correction due to transition between two epochs elaborated from the Lorentz transformation and the approach to model the uncertainty of the calculation of the signal arrival moment. Both changes are particularly essential for upcoming broadband technology geodetic VLBI observations.
Context effects on the acoustic realization of stops and affricates in Northern Pwo Karen
Authors: Phillips Audra , Tucker Benjamin V.
Published: December 2020

Studies have shown that the voice onset time (VOT) of alveolo-palatal affricates is the longest, followed by velars, dental/alveolars, and bilabials. In a reciprocal pattern, closure duration is the longest for bilabials, followed by dental/alveolars, and then velars. Longer VOT is also associated with high and front vowels and tones with rising components. Moreover, the VOT of voiceless unaspirated stops is reported to be longer and closure duration shorter in nasal words. Finally, the voiceless interval has been described as constant in some languages and inconstant in others. Given the evidence of previous research, this study investigates the effects of place, nasality, tone, and vowel quality on the VOT, closure duration, and voiceless interval of the voiced and voiceless obstruents of Northern Pwo Karen (N. Pwo), a language of Thailand. N. Pwo (ISO 639-3 pww) is a ‘true voicing’ language with a three-way distinction in stops, voiceless aspirated and unaspirated affricates, oral and nasal vowels, and six tones (four modal tones and two glottalized tones). In N. Pwo, the place effects on VOT and closure duration pattern reciprocally. Whereas, both VOT and the voiceless interval are longer before oral vowels compared to nasal vowels. VOT is longest before the mid tone, which has a slight rise, while it is the shortest before the falling-glottalized tone. This pattern is reversed for the closure duration of aspirates and voiced stops. Finally, VOT, closure duration, and the voiceless interval are the longest before high and front vowels.
Non-economic disciplines still take the back seat: The tale of conflict clauses in investment treaties
Authors: Atanasova Dafina
Published: December 2020

The article offers a new perspective on the interaction of international investment law with other fields of international law based on an empirical study of the use of conflict clauses in over 1,000 investment treaties, providing a first systematic account of this type of provision. The use and content of conflict clauses serve as an indicator of state priorities regarding the coordination of investment standards of protection with other disciplines in the international law matrix. Both numerically and from qualitative perspectives, the clauses’ survey reveals important asymmetries in the engagement on the part of investment treaty makers with international economic disciplines, as compared to non-economic disciplines and human rights more specifically. Indeed, conflict clauses on international economic law are much more common, more detailed and establish clearer priority rules than similar provisions on any other field of international law; and the disparity is only likely to deepen over time. This analysis suggests that negotiators already have the toolkit to create effective links between international norms and institutions, and it is only its use that is uneven. As a result, the article suggests a shift in policy perspective to reflect that reality. Such a shift seems all the more relevant considering the growing body of literature showing that investment arbitrators (and international adjudicators more generally) pay only limited attention to norms from fields beyond their own, thus casting doubt on their capacity to develop a principled approach on the issue without treaty guidance.
How Do Auroral Substorms Depend on Earth's Dipole Magnetic Moment?
Authors: Ebihara Yusuke , Tanaka Takashi
Published: December 2020

Earth's dipole magnetic moment M is known to decrease by ∼9% over the past 150 years. It has been argued that the decrease in M makes the near‐Earth space environment different. We investigated how the change in M affects the development of an auroral substorm by increasing and decreasing M by a factor of 1.5 in global magnetohydrodynamics simulation. The ionospheric conductivity decreases with increasing M, in accordance with the aid of empirical relations. When we imposed the southward interplanetary magnetic field, an auroral substorm took place regardless of M, but its development depends largely on M. When M is lower, (1) the expansion onset takes place later, (2) the auroral electrojet develops slowly, and (3) the maximum auroral electrojet increases. The first two consequences are probably associated with the slow magnetospheric convection as manifested by the polar cap potential drop. The third consequence is associated with the nonlinear dependence of substorm‐associated field‐aligned currents (FACs) on the ionospheric conductivity. The maximum values of the westward auroral electrojet and the net FACs increase with decreasing M, whereas the incident magnetic energy into the magnetosphere decreases with decreasing M. This implies that the efficiency of the generation of the substorm‐associated FACs increases with decreasing M. It is also found that, for the lower M‐value, the auroral oval shifts equatorward during the growth phase and expands more equatorward and poleward during the expansion phase. Evolution of substorms depends largely on the value of Earth's dipole moment and the ionospheric conductivity.
Clouds and Radiation Processes in Regional Climate Models Evaluated Using Observations Over the Ice‐free Arctic Ocean
Authors: Inoue Jun , Sato Kazutoshi , Rinke Annette , Cassano John J. , Fettweis Xavier , Heinemann Günther , Matthes Heidrun , Orr Andrew , Phillips Tony , Seefeldt Mark , Solomon Amy , Webster Stuart
Published: December 2020

The presence of clouds in the Arctic regulates the surface energy budget (SEB) over the sea‐ice surface and the ice‐free ocean. Following several previous field campaigns, the cloud‐radiation relationship, including cloud vertical structure and phase, has been elucidated; however, modeling of this relationship has matured slowly. In recognition of the recent decline in the Arctic sea‐ice extent, representation of the cloud system in numerical models should consider the effects of areas covered by sea ice and ice‐free areas. Using an in situ stationary meteorological observation data set obtained over the ice‐free Arctic Ocean by the Japanese Research Vessel Mirai (September 2014), coordinated evaluation of six regional climate models (RCMs) with nine model runs was performed by focusing on clouds and the SEB. The most remarkable findings were as follows: (1) reduced occurrence of unstable stratification with low‐level cloud water in all models in comparison to the observations, (2) significant differences in cloud water representations between single‐ and double‐moment cloud schemes, (3) extensive differences in partitioning of hydrometeors including solid/liquid precipitation, and (4) pronounced lower‐tropospheric air temperature biases. These issues are considered as the main sources of SEB uncertainty over ice‐free areas of the Arctic Ocean. The results from a coupled RCM imply that the SEB is constrained by both the atmosphere and the ocean (and sea ice) with considerable feedback. Coordinated improvement of both stand‐alone atmospheric and coupled RCMs would promote a more comprehensive and improved understanding of the Arctic air‐ice‐sea coupled system.
A novel cancer preventative botanical mixture, TriCurin, inhibits viral transcripts and the growth of W12 cervical cells harbouring extrachromosomal or integrated HPV16 DNA
Authors: Einbond Linda Saxe , Zhou Jing , Wu Hsan-au , Mbazor Emeka , Song Guiyun , Balick Michael , DeVoti James A. , Redenti Stephen , Castellanos Mario R.
Published: December 2020

Background

The phytochemical mixture TriCurin (curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and resveratrol) eliminates human papillomavirus (HPV) (+) cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we further evaluate TriCurin.

Methods

The activity of TriCurin and its individual compounds was assayed on W12 cells, derived from a cervical precancer containing episomal and integrated HPV16 DNA, using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assays, microscopy and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and on HeLa cells by gene expression analysis. The stability and toxicity of TriCurin microemulsion were tested in an organotypic cervical tissue model.

Results

TriCurin and its individual compounds inhibit the growth of W12 cells, episomal, type 1 and 2 integrants; the relative order of activity is TriCurin, EGCG, curcumin, or resveratrol. RT-PCR shows that TriCurin activates p53 and suppresses HPV16 mRNAs E1, E2, E4, E6 and E7 at 24 h in W12 cells. Gene expression analysis shows that TriCurin activates pro-apoptotic genes and represses anti-apoptotic genes in HeLa cells. TriCurin in a microemulsion is stable and non-toxic to cervical tissue. The combination of TriCurin and tanshinone IIA exhibits additional synergy against HeLa cells.

Conclusions

TriCurin, and the combination of TriCurin with tanshinone IIA, are effective against HPV (+) cells. The phytochemical mixture, in the microemulsion-based cream, is a promising therapeutic for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer.
Tumour acidosis evaluated in vivo by MRI-CEST pH imaging reveals breast cancer metastatic potential
Authors: Anemone Annasofia , Consolino Lorena , Conti Laura , Irrera Pietro , Hsu Myriam Y. , Villano Daisy , Dastrù Walter , Porporato Paolo E. , Cavallo Federica , Longo Dario Livio
Published: December 2020

Background

Tumour acidosis is considered to play a central role in promoting cancer invasion and migration, but few studies have investigated in vivo how tumour pH correlates with cancer invasion. This study aims to determine in vivo whether tumour acidity is associated with cancer metastatic potential.

Methods

Breast cancer cell lines with different metastatic potentials have been characterised for several markers of aggressiveness and invasiveness. Murine tumour models have been developed and assessed for lung metastases and tumour acidosis has been assessed in vivo by a magnetic resonance imaging-based chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) pH imaging approach.

Results

The higher metastatic potential of 4T1 and TS/A primary tumours, in comparison to the less aggressive TUBO and BALB-neuT ones, was confirmed by the highest expression of cancer cell stem markers (CD44+CD24−), highlighting their propensity to migrate and invade, coinciding with the measurement obtained by in vitro assays. MRI-CEST pH imaging successfully discriminated the more aggressive 4T1 and TS/A tumours that displayed a more acidic pH. Moreover, the observed higher tumour acidity was significantly correlated with an increased number of lung metastases.

Conclusions

The findings of this study indicate that the extracellular acidification is associated with the metastatic potential.
RON signalling promotes therapeutic resistance in ESR1 mutant breast cancer
Authors: Dustin Derek , Gu Guowei , Beyer Amanda R. , Herzog Sarah K. , Edwards David G. , Lin Hangqing , Gonzalez Thomas L. , Grimm Sandra L. , Coarfa Cristian , Chan Doug W. , Kim Beom-Jun , De La O Jean-Paul , Ellis Matthew J. , Liu Dan , Li Shunqiang , Welm Alana L. , Fuqua Suzanne A. W.
Published: December 2020

Background

Oestrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1) mutations are frequently acquired in oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients who were treated with aromatase inhibitors (AI) in the metastatic setting. Acquired ESR1 mutations are associated with poor prognosis and there is a lack of effective therapies that selectively target these cancers.

Methods

We performed a proteomic kinome analysis in ESR1 Y537S mutant cells to identify hyperactivated kinases in ESR1 mutant cells. We validated Recepteur d’Origine Nantais (RON) and PI3K hyperactivity through phospho-immunoblot analysis, organoid growth assays, and in an in vivo patient-derived xenograft (PDX) metastatic model.

Results

We demonstrated that RON was hyperactivated in ESR1 mutant models, and in acquired palbociclib-resistant (PalbR) models. RON and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) interacted as shown through pharmacological and genetic inhibition and were regulated by the mutant ER as demonstrated by reduced phospho-protein expression with endocrine therapies (ET). We show that ET in combination with a RON inhibitor (RONi) decreased ex vivo organoid growth of ESR1 mutant models, and as a monotherapy in PalbR models, demonstrating its therapeutic efficacy. Significantly, ET in combination with the RONi reduced metastasis of an ESR1 Y537S mutant PDX model.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate that RON/PI3K pathway inhibition may be an effective treatment strategy in ESR1 mutant and PalbR MBC patients. Clinically our data predict that ET resistance mechanisms can also contribute to CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance.
Interleukin-28B dampens protease-induced lung inflammation via IL-25 and TSLP inhibition in epithelial cells
Authors: Yan Bailing , Gao Jinying , Guo Jia , Yang Dong , Li Dan
Published: December 2020

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease with high heterogeneity in human. Different mouse models have been applied for investigation of pathogenesis and treatment of asthma, which target on different cells, receptors and pathways. Interleukin (IL-) 28B, a member of λ-interferons, have been shown to play a protective role in OVA-induced asthma, which is antigen-specific and adaptive immune system dominant. However, the roles of IL-28B in protease-induced asthma, an adaptive immune system independent asthma, are still unclear. Here, we used plant-derived cysteine protease, papain to induce asthma in mice and found that IL-28B was capable of alleviating papain-induced asthma. Papain challenge lead to activation of epithelial cells and production of alarmin, such as IL-25 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin and IL-28B treatment down-regulated their production. Further mechanism was proved to be that IL-28B inhibited the phosphorylation of Erk in epithelial cells via interaction with their receptors. Our results reveal a protective role of IL-28B via regulation of epithelial cells in protease induced asthma.
Cysteic acid grafted to magnetic graphene oxide as a promising recoverable solid acid catalyst for the synthesis of diverse 4H-chromene
Authors: Matloubi Moghaddam Firouz , Eslami Mohammad , Hoda Golfamsadat
Published: December 2020

4H-chromenes play a significant role in natural and pharmacological products. Despite continuous advances in the synthesis methodology of these compounds, there is still a lack of a green and efficient method. In this study, we have designed cysteic acid chemically attached to magnetic graphene oxide (MNPs·GO-CysA) as an efficient and reusable solid acid catalyst to synthesize 4H-chromene skeletons via a one-pot three components reaction of an enolizable compound, malononitrile, an aldehyde or isatin, and a mixture of water–ethanol as a green solvent. This new heterogeneous catalyst provides desired products with a good to excellent yield, short time, and mild condition. This procedure presents an environmentally friendly approach for the synthesis of a great number of 4H-chromene derivatives.
Photocatalytic C-N addition amination of olefin
Authors: Zhu Shihao , Chen Keran , Zhou Xinrui
Published: December 2020

Amines widely exist in nature, wherein some of cyclic amines have crucially biological and physiological activities. They are also the basic blocks for the syntheses of important intermediates, raw materials or fine chemicals such as pharmaceuticals, pesticides and dyes. Amine synthesis by photocatalytic amination of phthalimide and olefins using porphyrin iron (III) or phthalocyanine iron(II) as photosensitizer was investigated in this paper. The results showed that the reactions selectively developed C-N addition and generated a series of compounds containing benzazepine structure with the highest yield of 99.0% at 30 °C. The scope of substrates was further examined and the results demonstrated that the reaction was effective to various olefins, especially to aliphatic olefins. In addition, the influence of the light source was further investigated. The simple, low-power, insect trap lamp (6 W, 365 nm) was used as the light source for the reaction, and a high yield of 95.0% was obtained. Therefore, the inspiring results provide a green and efficient method for the synthesis of compounds containing benzazepine structure.
A new covalent organic polymer used to highly selective detection of Fe3+ions
Authors: Zhang Han , Wang Xin-Long , Sun Chun-Yi , Su Zhong-Min
Published: December 2020

Covalent organic polymers (COPs) received much attention due to their application in diverse fields, especially in sensing. A highly efficient fluorescence sensor in selective detection of Fe3+ions is necessary to develop. In this work, we successfully synthesized a new covalent organic polymers named COP-TP, with the excellent performance in selective detection of Fe3+ions, the quenching mechanism mainly due to the energy transfer process. The above results show COP-TP has the possibility to be a new candidate in selective detection as Fe3+ions sensor.
Molecular structure of imidazoline inhibitor and quantum chemical analysis of corrosion inhibition performance of Zn atom
Authors: Chen Min , Cheng Yushan , Xu Huiwu , Wu Jinying , Xue Mian , Zhang Xiaoguang
Published: December 2020

The adsorption potential energy curves of imidazoline compounds and Zn atom were calculated by quantum chemistry method.The adsorption energy, imidazoline ring, the coordination bond length between nitrogen atom and Zn atom, the double atom interaction energy and the overlapping population number were obtained.The results show that the introduction of power-providing groups or substituted aromatics into imidazoline ring can enhance the chemical adsorption force between N and Zn. The calculation results can provide a useful theoretical basis for the design of corrosion inhibitors with better performance.
DFT study on the effect of electric field on the adsorption of methanol on Pd(1 1 1)
Authors: Yang Tingting , Li Pingbo , Fu Chuang , Zhou Qi , Qi Xueqiang
Published: December 2020

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) has attracted much more attention than ever before, since the mechanism of methanol dehydrogenation is very important in direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). Herein, methanol adsorption on Pd(111) with different electric field intensity (0.000, 0.0010, 0.0025 and 0.0050 au) were studied with DFT calculations. The results showed that methanol may adsorb on the Pd(1 1 1) either through the methyl or the hydroxyl of methanol in the absence electric field, since the two adsorption configurations share the similar adsorption energy. However, along with the increase of the electric field intensity, the angles formed by C-O bond axis and Pd(1 1 1) became gradually smaller, and it is only 1.9° when the electric field intensity value is 0.0050 au for the methyl case; while it kept at 35±5° for the hydroxyl case. The methanol molecule was not activated in the reported electric field.
Study on influence factors of Intelligent Connected Vehicle (ICV) performanc under Complex Weather Conditions
Authors: Ma Bingbing , Zhang Zhiguo , Guo Gang , Hu Zhuo
Published: December 2020

At the moment, ICV performance test method doesn’t exist yet under the complex weather conditions, the revolution of ICV is greatly limited. By studying the weather environment that influence ICV, the meteorological indicators which influence ICV performance will be acquired. Then by analyzing the main complex meteorological factors, their scene characteristics and main control indexes are given. It provides a basis for the construction of the complex weather scene and the research of the test method of ICV under the complex weather condition.
Research on Risk Early Warning of Integrated Energy Trading Market
Authors: Jiang Cheng , Yang Bin , Zhu Liangliang , Ruan Wenjun , Wang Zhenyu
Published: December 2020

The advent of the energy Internet era has deepened the coupling between different energy sources. Energy conversion and storage components such as micro gas turbines, electricity-to-gas, and air source/ground source heat pumps have gradually become the mainstay of the integrated energy market. During the construction of China’s integrated energy trading market, various risks will be faced inevitably. In order to promote the sustainable and healthy development of the market, risk early warning research is particularly important. The normal operation of the integrated energy trading market can be guaranteed by early warning of the risk state of the market and timely adoption of corresponding countermeasures to control risks. This article first combed the concepts of integrated energy services and integrated trading market, and pointed out the important position of the integrated energy trading market in the energy and national economic system. Secondly, it identifies the risk factors that affect the security of China’s integrated energy trading market. Then, an effective method for predicting the risk of China’s integrated energy trading market is constructed through the fuzzy risk early warning method. Finally, corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward for risk management of China’s integrated energy trading market.
Research on safety evaluation of bolt support based on analytic hierarchy process-entropy weight method
Authors: Wang Junqing , Cao Qinggui , Mi Xin , Li Dan
Published: December 2020

To evaluate the safety performance of bolt support scientifically, the factors affecting bolt support are systematically analyzed, the comprehensive evaluation index system is established from four aspects: support parameters, quality of bolt and fittings, construction management and monitoring level, and the safety evaluation model of bolt support is constructed; the AHP and entropy weight method are combined to determine the weight of each index, and the safety evaluation system of bolt support based on AHPentropy weight method is established and its application program is developed. The safety evaluation method and application program proposed in this paper are applied to the safety evaluation of bolt support in a coal mine in Shanxi Province, and the results are in agreement with the actual situation. This article studies the correlation.
Present Situation and Forecast of Bioinformatics in the Field of New Medicine Research and Development
Authors: Duan Yibing
Published: December 2020

In the last several centuries, biology has accumulated a large number of data, which are disorganized and hard to be used repeatedly. Bioinformatics, synthesized informatics, statistics and some other subjects, makes them orderly and much more valuable. In drug discovery, Bioinformatics takes the place of some conventional ways because of low cast and high throughput. This article introduces the current situation and application of Bioinformatics in drug discovery and looks forward to the future, hoping to provide a Reference for the development of new drugs.
Research on Influencing Factors of Equipment Asset Performance Evaluation Level of Regional Distribution Network Based on Interpretive Structure Model
Authors: Wang Zheng , Gu Zhihong , Xin Xiaoxia , Wen Wei
Published: December 2020

The evaluation of equipment asset performance level of regional distribution network is an important link. As the equipment assets of the regional distribution network are affected by many factors, the performance level is low. Based on this, this paper considers 11 influencing factors from the two dimensions of cost input impact and performance output impact, establishes a model of the interpretation structure of the equipment asset performance level of the regional distribution network, and conducts detailed analysis and discussion. The results show that more attention needs to be paid to key factors such as the emission reduction rate of coal-to-electricity projects, annual conventional power grid construction investment costs, coal-to-electricity project investment, annual conventional grid operation and maintenance costs, and electricity sales revenue, which will help improve the performance level of equipment assets in the regional distribution network.
PLANNING STRATEGY OF CONTAINER LAYOUT FOR AN OPTIMAL ENERGY IMPACT
Authors: Mustapha F. , El Abbassi I. , kaci A. , Kadri E. , Darcherif M.
Published: December 2020

Today, the building sector represents 44% of the energy consumed in France, far ahead of transportation, which makes it one of the key areas in the fight against global warming and invite the community to the energy transition. The shape, now is just a factor that is considered only aesthetically and not for its energy impact. The objective consumption of the various surfaces of the living space plays a crucial role in encouraging the energy transition in the building and civil engineering sector. In addition, the shape of the building as a whole, as well as the interior design, and the distribution of spaces have a significant influence on energy efficiency [1]. Our contribution in this paper is to make a numerical analysis of the impact of a building conception on its energy bill, more precisely, the influence of the geometry resulting from the assembly of these containers as well as their layout, and their orientations. The container represents a unit that is part of a complex and multiple systems, which offers a new opportunity for architects to rethink their designs both in terms of aesthetics and impact on the skyline as well as in the use of innovative, environmentally friendly and sustainable materials. In this paper we will focus on a purely formal analysis first with TRNSYS, and then we will start with an elementary modelling meeting the criteria of sustainability (eco-container), in those to lead to a design that is economical and energy efficient.
CFD-based analysis of entropy generation in turbulent double diffusive natural convection flow in square cavity
Authors: Said Khaled , Ouadha Ahmed , Sabeur Amina
Published: December 2020

The present study concerns the problem of natural and double diffusive natural convection inside differentially heated cavity filled with a binary mixture composed of air and carbon dioxide (CO2). Temperature and CO2 concentration gradients are imposed on both perpendicular left and right walls. Simulations have been performed using the CFD commercial code ANSYS Fluent by solving continuity, momentum, energy and species diffusion equations. Numerical results obtained have been compared to data from the literature for both natural convection thermosolutal cases under laminar and turbulent regimes. For turbulent runs the RNG k-ε model has been selected. A good agreement has been noted between the different types of data for both cases for Rayleigh number ranging between 103 and 1010 and buoyancy ratio between -5 and +5. Entropy generation rates due to thermal, viscous and diffusive effects have been calculated in post processing for all cases.
Study of fouling in graphite blocks (cross flow) heat exchanger of phosphoric acid concentration process
Authors: Jradi Rania , Marvillet Christophe , Jeday Mohamed Razak
Published: December 2020

Fouling in phosphoric acid concentration process of preheat exchangers is a chronic operational problem that compromises energy recovery in these systems. Progress is hindered by the lack of quantitative knowledge of the dynamic effects of fouling on heat exchanger transfer. The subject of this work is an experimental determination of the thermal fouling resistance in the graphite blocks heat exchanger installed in a phosphoric acid concentration process. By measuring the inlet and outlet temperatures and mass flows of fluids, the overall heat transfer coefficient has been determined. Determining the overall heat transfer coefficient for the heat exchanger with clean and fouled surfaces, the fouling resistance was calculated. The results obtained from the heat exchanger studied, show that the fouling resistance increase with time presenting an exponential evolution in agreement with the model suggested by Kern and Seaton, with the existence of fluctuation caused by the instability of the flow rate and the temperature. Bad cleaning of the heat exchanger involves the absence of the induction period and consequently, causes high values of the fouling resistance and of the deposit fouling during a relatively short period of time.
Smart assessment of thermal comfort concept inside a building
Authors: Beji Chihebedine , Bouzaiane Sami , Bouaziz Nahla
Published: December 2020

The growing energy consumption of the building sector is becoming a current issue affecting both environmental and economical fields. The present paper investigates thermal comfort conditions inside the manuscript room of the National library of Tunisia by using an IoT based smart measuring system. The tracked parameters are temperature and relative humidity. These parameters are considered as the fundamental factors influencing thermal comfort inside a building. The results of this survey performed during the month of January 2019 lead us to propose an energy optimization measure, in order to update heating system electricity consumption. The proposed approach consists of the use of phase change materials (PCM) window shutters. PCM window shutters can act as thermal regulators thanks to their melting solidification process. The results of the proposed solution showed that adopting PCM window shutters for the examined test room can save up to 10% for the first phase change material and 15% for the second phase change material of the total energy used by the heat pump unit to maintain the inside air temperature at 21°C.
Mixed convection in a channel partially filled with metal foam blocks
Authors: Khadhrawi Syrine , Segni Oueslati Fakhreddine , Bennacer Rachid
Published: December 2020

The present work is a numerical simulation of the mixed convection of an incompressible fluid in a horizontal channel under sun radiation partially filled with metal foam blocks. The Darcy-Brinkman model is adopted. The control volume approach is used to solve the motion and energy equations governing mixed convection. The study focuses on the effect of certain control parameters such as the Rayleigh number (Ra), the thermal conductivity ratio and the porosity on the flow structure and heat transfer. Indeed, the results for flow structures and temperature distribution are presented in the form of velocity fields with streamtraces and isotherms, while the average Nusselt number (Nu) is used to quantify heat transfer.
Development of the Multifactor Computational Models of the Solid Propellants Combustion by Means of Data Science Methods. Propellant Combustion Genome Conception
Authors: Abrukov Victor , Anufrieva Darya , Lukin Alexander , Oommen Charlie , Sanalkumar V. R. , Chandrasekaran Nichith
Published: December 2020

The results of usage of data science methods, in particular artificial neural networks, for the creation of new multifactor computational models of the solid propellants (SP) combustion that solve the direct and inverse tasks are presented. The own analytical platform Loginom was used for the models creation. The models of combustion of double based SP with such nano additives as metals, metal oxides, termites were created by means of experimental data published in scientific literature. The goal function of the models were burning rate (direct tasks) as well as propellants composition (inverse tasks). The basis (script) of a creation of Data Warehouse of SP combustion was developed. The Data Warehouse can be supplemented by new experimental data and metadata in automated mode and serve as a basis for creating generalized combustion models of SP and thus the beginning of work in a new direction of combustion science, which the authors propose to call "Propellant Combustion Genome" (by analogy with a very famous Materials Genome Initiative, USA). "Propellant Combustion Genome" opens wide possibilities for accelerate the advanced propellants development Genome" opens wide possibilities for accelerate the advanced propellants development.
Catalytic Asymmetric Osmium-Free Dihydroxylation of Alkenes
Authors: Wang Chuan , Su Shixia
Published: December 2020

Asymmetric dihydroxylation of alkenes is one of the cornerstone reactions in organic synthesis, providing a direct entry to optically active vicinal diols, which are not only a subunit in natural products but also versatile building blocks. In recent years, considerable progress in catalytic asymmetric osmium-free dihydroxylation has been achieved. This short review presents a concise summary of the reported methods of catalytic asymmetric osmium-free dihydroxylation.

1 Introduction

2 Iron-Catalyzed Asymmetric syn-Dihydroxylation of Alkenes

3 Manganese-Catalyzed Asymmetric syn-Dihydroxylation of Alkenes

4 Palladium/Gold Bimetallic Nanocluster-Catalyzed Asymmetric syn-Dihydroxylation of Alkenes

5 Enzyme-Catalyzed Asymmetric anti-Dihydroxylation of Alkenes

6 Amine-Catalyzed Asymmetric Formal anti-Dihydroxylation of Enals

7 Diselenide-Catalyzed anti-Dihydroxylation of Alkenes

8 Molybdenum-Catalyzed Asymmetric anti-Dihydroxylation of Allylic­ Alcohols

9 Phase-Transfer-Catalyzed Asymmetric Dihydroxylation of α-Aryl Acrylates

10 Conclusion
Hepatitis B Vaccination of Low Birth Weight Infants in Washington State
Authors: Ost Katarina , Oster Natalia V. , Jacobson Elizabeth N. , deHart M. Patricia , Englund Janet A. , Hofstetter Annika M.
Published: December 2020

Objective The U.S. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends that infants born weighing less than 2,000 g receive the hepatitis B (HepB) vaccine at hospital discharge or 30 days of age. This study aimed to assess timely HepB vaccination among low birth weight infants. We hypothesized that many of these vulnerable infants would fail to receive their HepB birth dose on time.

Study Design This retrospective cohort study included Washington State infants born weighing less than 2,000 g at an academic medical center between 2008 and 2013. Data were abstracted from electronic health records and linked to vaccine data from the Washington State Immunization Information System. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the associations between sociodemographic, clinical, and visit characteristics and HepB vaccination by birth hospitalization discharge or 30 days of age.

Results Among 976 study infants, 58.4% received their HepB vaccine by birth hospitalization discharge or 30 days of age. Infants had higher odds of timely HepB vaccination if they were Hispanic (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10–2.95) or non-Hispanic black (AOR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.36–3.80) versus non-Hispanic white or if they were hospitalized 14 days or longer versus less than 14 days (AOR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.66–3.54). Infants had lower odds of timely HepB vaccination if they were born before 34 weeks versus on or after 34 weeks of gestational age (AOR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.27–0.63) or if they had an estimated household income less than $50,845 versus 50,845 or greater (AOR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.48–0.86).

Conclusion Many infants born weighing less than 2,000 g did not receive their first HepB birth dose according to ACIP recommendations. Strategies are needed to improve timely HepB vaccination in this high-risk population.

Key Points
Use of Preexpanded Forehead and Neck Skin in Case of Giant Facial Hairy Naevus: Planning and Technique
Authors: Sharma Mukesh Kumar , Kumar Naveen , Babu V. Suman , Tiwari Vinay Kumar
Published: December 2020

A congenital nevi is a pigmented patch which requires complete surgical excision for cosmetic reasons. Here, we report a case of a patient with facial hairy pigmented lesion, occupying the right half of her face since birth, who underwent complete surgical excision and staged reconstruction utilizing, preexpanded forehead and neck skin. We used two rectangular tissue expanders with 150 and 300 cubic cm of volumes inserted in the forehead and the neck, respectively. The length of the expanders selected were equal to 1.2 to 1.5 times the length of their respective lesions, whereas the width of the base of the expanders were approximately similar to the width of their defects. It is concluded with this case report that tissue expansion provides a good cosmetic and anatomical correction to cover large defects, with adjacent skin having similar properties.
Multiple bound state solutions for fractional Choquard equation with Hardy–Littlewood–Sobolev critical exponent
Authors: Guo Lun , Li Qi
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we study the nonlinear Choquard equation ε2s(−Δ)su+V(x)u=Iα*|u|2α,s*|u|2α,s*−2u,u∈Ds,2(RN), where s ∈ (0, 1), N ≥ 3, ɛ is the positive parameter, and 2α,s*=N+αN−2s is the critical exponent with respect to the Hardy–Littlewood–Sobolev inequality. V(x)∈LN2s(RN), where V(x) is assumed to be zero in some region of RN, which means that it is of the critical frequency case. In virtue of a global compactness result in fractional Sobolev space and Lusternik–Schnirelmann theory of critical points, we succeed in proving the multiplicity of bound state solutions.
Rössler-network with time delay: Univariate impulse pinning synchronization
Authors: Tian Kun , Ren Hai-Peng , Grebogi Celso
Published: December 2020

Rössler had a brilliant and successful life as a scientist during which he published a benchmark dynamical system by using an electronic circuit interpreting chemical reactions. This is our contribution to honor his splendid erudite career. It is a hot topic to regulate a network behavior using the pinning control with respect to a small set of nodes in the network. Besides pinning to a small number of nodes, small perturbation to the node dynamics is also demanded. In this paper, the pinning synchronization of a coupled Rössler-network with time delay using univariate impulse control is investigated. Using the Lyapunov theory, a theorem is proved for the asymptotic stability of synchronization in the network. Simulation is given to validate the correctness of the analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed univariate impulse pinning controller.
Acoustic connection between thermoacoustic engine and impulse turbine
Authors: Mian Md. Suruz , Takemura Fumiya , Kuzuu Kazuto , Hasegawa Shinya
Published: December 2020

In this study, we studied how to connect a thermoacoustic engine (TAE) and an impulse turbine to construct a thermoacoustic generator for converting thermal energy into electric power. The thermoacoustic generator was separated into two sub-systems: (1) system A, which consisted of a looped-tube TAE and a branch tube, and (2) system B, which consisted of an impulse turbine loop and a branch tube. The sub-systems were evaluated individually using an acoustic driver to determine the driving conditions such as branch length, driving frequency, and temperature for the connected system. In system A, which included the TAE, the change in specific acoustic impedance was small with respect to the velocity amplitude. However, in system B, which included the impulse turbine, the change in specific acoustic impedance with respect to the velocity amplitude was nonlinear. The sub-systems were connected by branch pipes, whose lengths were determined from the individual sub-system evaluation results, and the device was confirmed to self-oscillate at the driving temperature. When the device was operated at the driving conditions, the frequency, velocity amplitude, and specific acoustic impedance with self-oscillation were the same as those of the individual sub-systems. This also confirms the validity of evaluating the TAE and impulse turbine separately.