bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determining Needs to Support mHealth Interventions
Authors: Stefaniak Jill Erin
Published: May 2022

Needs assessment and analyses allow for organizations and individuals to identify any gaps or discrepancies between a current state of performance and a desired state. In regards to m-health technology, needs assessment can be used to help healthcare providers identify specific gaps or areas that could benefit from m-health technologies such as reducing the cancellation of appointments, improving health records, consolidating paperwork, and improving patient education efforts. The purpose of this chapter is to explore how needs assessment strategies can be leveraged to support healthcare providers' abilities to identify, select, and in implement m-health technologies into their patient plans. This chapter will review the types of needs healthcare providers must consider when implementing m-health technologies, as well as strategies that can support their decisions.
Promoting Behavioral Weight Loss and Physical Activity
Authors: Monroe Courtney M.
Published: May 2022

Obesity and insufficient physical activity represent ongoing pandemics. These cases describe the design process of two different electronic and mobile health interventions in the areas of behavioral weight loss and physical activity promotion. An interdisciplinary team of experts followed several guidelines of an established intervention framework to ensure the interventions were addressing significant research gaps and grounded in theory and empirical evidence. Intervention strategies were guided by the intervention mapping taxonomy of behavior change methods and integrated both custom-built and commercially available technologies. These cases detail how the chosen theories, methods, and intervention strategies were connected. Challenges and opportunities in relation to both the interventions and the fields of technology-based behavioral weight loss and physical activity more broadly are also discussed.
Predictive Healthcare Web Analytics Using Machine Learning
Authors: Agarwal Anjali , Das Ajanta , Bansal Ravish Kumar
Published: May 2022

Data analytics reflects trends on the particular subject based on comparison with historical dataset and present dataset. With the advancement of technology, healthcare predictive analytics at periodic intervals affords insights into diseases collectively, identifying risk of the patients' health in the future. The novelty of this project is to analyze symptoms and healthcare datasets, to predict the risk of the mentioned diseases using machine learning algorithms to better time management and convenience for physicians and the general population. Hence, the proposed model provides the provision to save patients directly from risk to the particular disease based on the periodic trend analysis. On the contrary, the hospital will utilize the proposed model to control future disease outbreaks.
Implementing Social-Emotional Learning in the Virtual Environment for K-12 Classrooms
Authors: Patterson Erika L.
Published: May 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic precipitated several mental health effects on people such as stress, depression, irritability, anger, and confusion. Especially affected were school-aged children whose daily routines were disrupted by school closure and isolation. Hamilton et al. reported that the social-emotional health of 30-40% of students in the USA was impacted negatively, especially those learning remotely and historically marginalized. The virtual learning environment for students needed an intervention to help alleviate the impacts of isolation during remote and virtual learning. Social emotional learning curriculum was implemented in the virtual learning environment for students in a seventh grade English class. Theories of mindfulness and social emotional learning are addressed to show the academic and mental health benefits for implementing social emotional learning in the classroom for adolescents learning in the virtual environment.
mHealth, Data, and Privacy
Authors: Blackmon Stephanie J. , Lanford Tiera J.
Published: May 2022

The intersection between higher education, technology, and mHealth is growing at a rapid pace, bringing with it an array of implications for data privacy. It is important for instructional designers to attend to these new and constantly shifting data privacy considerations when developing mHealth interventions. Therefore, with a connection to both extant instructional design literature and sociocultural theory, the authors of the current work provide strategies for developing more privacy-conscious mHealth interventions for the higher education community.
Speech-Language Pathology
Authors: Clare Andrew
Published: May 2022

Pre-health advisors and counselors looking to gain a high-level understanding of the field of speech-language pathology and the requirements and expectations for prospective students should read this chapter. In it, you will find details of the required academic and professional preparation students need to become a licensed and certified speech-language pathologist, and an overview of some of the many career pathways possible in this field. After reading this chapter, pre-health advisors, counselors, and related professionals will be able to provide guidance to students who may be interested in pursuing a meaningful and fulfilling career in speech-language pathology.
Occupational Therapy
Authors: Salvant Sabrina , Harvison Neil
Published: May 2022

Occupational therapy is the only health profession that helps people, from birth to older adulthood, do the things they want and need to through overcoming barriers to participation in “occupations.” Occupations are those everyday activities that people use to be independent in all aspects of their daily life. Occupational therapy practitioners help people of all ages live life to its fullest by helping them live better with injury, illness, or disability. This chapter will provide an overview of the occupational therapy profession looking at what they do, who they work with, where they work, and what tools they use in providing treatment. This chapter will also cover how to become an occupational therapy practitioner by reviewing admissions processes, educational requirements, and certification and licensure requirements. The final section will provide an overview of career options, job outlook, and average salaries as well the value of association membership.
The Profession of Physical Therapy
Authors: Jonely Holly , Okine-Davies Miriam , Costello Ellen , Garber Matthew B. , Garrison Cristina Fontanez
Published: May 2022

Physical therapists and physical therapist assistants are licensed healthcare providers and movement specialists who assist persons in preventing and maximizing function in the presence of injury and disease. Career and guidance counselors play a critical role in encouraging and mentoring students interested in the field of physical therapy. This chapter will assist them in providing advice for interested students to be successful candidates for educational programs. The profession of physical therapy can be rewarding, and job security projections have been consistently positive.
Advising Students to Prepare for and Excel in Accelerated Nursing Programs
Authors: Cassar Linda , Lehmijoki-Gardner Maiju
Published: May 2022

Accelerated nursing programs allow students with previous baccalaureate degrees to enter into the nursing workforce more quickly than graduates of traditional nursing programs do. As students applying for admission to accelerated nursing programs tend to be older and bring with them vast life experiences, their path will be different from a traditional undergraduate nursing student. Applicants planning for accelerated study face a multitude of choices and challenges related to this educational pathway and germane to their success is early and appropriate advising. This chapter provides those who advise potential accelerated nursing students a greater understanding of the issues and challenges faced by these applicants, as well as the different educational pathways available to them. Also discussed are resources that should be available to these students to ensure their success in these fast-paced programs. A continuum of advising and mentoring strategies is detailed, extending from the preparation to apply to finding one's unique place in nursing.
PA vs. NP
Authors: Wright Karen A. , Pericak Arlene , Hogg Cameron W.
Published: May 2022

Undergraduate administrators, faculty, and staff support pre-health students during their academic preparation. In addition, they provide them with appropriate advisement services and resources to position them to successfully apply to various health professions programs. While there are similarities and differences between physician assistants (PAs) and nurse practitioners (NPs), they play important roles in the provision of healthcare in the United States and abroad. A better understanding of these two professions is needed. This chapter aims to introduce administrators, faculty, and staff to the scope of practice and educational preparation of PAs and NPs, as well as the application processes for their respective programs. The authors also discuss mental health stressors and burnout experienced by both PA and NP students and providers in hopes of encouraging interventions at the undergraduate level.
Preparing Students for Careers as Physician-Scientists
Authors: Sich Jeffrey J.
Published: May 2022

Many notable biomedical research accomplishments have been made by physician-scientists holding only a traditional MD degree. However, the swift pace of advances in the biological sciences leaves medical school graduates without the science background needed to match the backgrounds of well-trained basic scientists. In addition, financial pressures make it difficult for academic health centers to release young physicians from patient care responsibilities when they are launching their research career. New physicians find it increasingly difficult to take the time to gain the additional training required as they face the need to begin repaying educational debt. The development of dual MD-PhD programs helps overcome these barriers by providing extensive training in the basic sciences, mentored research training, and financial support that allows graduates to end their training with much less education-related debt. This chapter provides a framework for helping students discover the physician-scientist career and for guiding them through the challenging application process.
Medicine With the Military
Authors: Liotta Robert A. , Saguil Aaron , Switaj Timothy L. , Sarmiento Don J. , Takano Kenji L. , Sachar David S. , Hall Gregory W. , Gustafson Joshua D. , Bear Jonathan R. , Molenat Marc A. , Heath Kenisha R. , Yugawa Craig M.
Published: May 2022

The Military Health System is one of America's largest and most complex healthcare institutions offering myriad opportunities for medical training, research, clinical care, and operational experiences as uniformed physicians, dentists, and other allied health professionals serving as commissioned officers within the Unites States Armed Forces. This chapter provides an overview of the Military Health System to include training, research, and career opportunities; the day-to-day work of a military medical officer both in a traditional hospital setting and while on deployment; and the most common pathways to becoming a military healthcare professional through the Health Professions Scholarship Program or at the Uniformed Services University. Frequently asked questions about military medicine are addressed, and other unique pathways to a debt-free education are briefly described.
Subject to Interpretation
Authors: So Bernadette G. , TenHoeve Thomas , Eisenhauer Candice L. , Fellenz Chazz
Published: May 2022

As calls to diversify the healthcare workforce continue to increase, advisors need to understand how admissions committees receive information on applicant disclosures, especially in light of holistic review. While advisors aim to effectively support their students in presenting narratives that come from an asset-based perspective, they may also need to consider the potential concerns that these narratives may bring to admissions committees. This chapter examines several case studies and provides both the health professions advisor lens and the admissions lens on what applicants share about their identities through the application process, and how those disclosures may be viewed. Suggestions for what advisors need to know and how they can prepare students are provided.
Medical School Interviews
Authors: D'Antonio Jason , Matzko Jessica
Published: May 2022

Applying to medical school requires many steps, time, energy, and money. Interviewing with a medical school is an extremely important step in the application process. Given the level of uncertainty and unpredictability within the interview experience, medical school interviews are a source of much anxiety for applicants. Undergraduate pre-health programs provide numerous valuable resources and advice to aspiring applicants, including interview practice. However, the amount and type of help that pre-health advisors provide can vary, primarily due to restraints with time, personnel, and resource availability. This chapter outlines a committee interview process that draws from broad yet accessible university resources while providing applicants with a rigorous and impactful mock interview in preparation for the real medical school interview experience.
Designing Multimedia for Improved Student Engagement and Learning
Authors: Singh Kuki
Published: May 2022

Instructional video in flexible education is a critical knowledge dissemination method using multimedia. Video lectures can produce effective learning when instruction is designed with consideration for the limited and transient information processing capacity of working memory to manage concurrent mental processing in both the auditory and visual channels and generate active processing. Using theories of cognition, this study devised an instructional design (ID) framework for video lectures of varying formats and lengths to enhance the experience of novice learners in an undergraduate course during the COVID-19 pandemic. The ID articulated the complexities and nuances in multimedia teaching and learning. A mixed method study obtained participant (n=180) perceptions about their learning experience and engagement. The study concluded that segmented lectures in various formats positively impacted learning and engagement, with the optimal video lecture length being 5-10 minutes. This chapter discusses the ID elements, viewing practices and engagement in multimedia learning.
Building the Future of Distance and Online Learning
Authors: Pinheiro Margarida M. , Santos Vanda
Published: May 2022

The switch to distance and online learning is a central issue for the European Education Area in Higher Education. To help prepare the future of digital education, the academic community of the University of Aveiro (UA, Portugal) has been called to debate learning experiences, to prepare forward-looking training systems, and to share practices. With this framework as a background, this chapter has a double objective: to present a teachers' professional development program designed for the empowerment of digital teaching and learning processes and to report two teaching experiences incorporating the key ideas of the program and designed to serve STEM publics (a professional training course and a pre-service teachers' course). An additional objective is to present a future research proposal within an informal context for STEM students. The study will provide relevant insights regarding e-learning in STEM education at the UA and the impact of transformational strategies on the community.
The Gamification in Online Environments in the Context of the Flipped Classroom
Authors: Lopes Sergio Francisco Sargo Ferreira , Simões Jorge Manuel de Azevedo Pereira
Published: May 2022

Research into teaching and learning methodologies is intense and demonstrates the academic community's unrelenting need to understand how people learn in a continuous effort to improve efficiency in the transmission of knowledge. Teachers are dealing with a growing disengagement of students in recent decades. In part, this is due to the increase in the spread of ICT technologies outside the classroom, particularly those supporting social networking and video games. New trends, such as gamification and flipped classroom, are emerging to try to find ways to stimulate increased student engagement and motivation. In this chapter, the authors present a critical reflection and field experiences, around the potential of joint implementation of gamification with flipped classroom, demonstrating possibilities of positive increment of efficiency and effectiveness of teaching and learning processes.
Race Conflicts and Discrimination as a Challenge for Peace Leadership
Authors: Johnson Vernon Damani
Published: May 2022

This chapter explores racial conflict and peace leadership in the United States. It places the alleviation of racial inequality within the framework of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. It offers a model developed by Johnson and Benslimane for race relations and national identity in social movements in the United States. The model categorizes social movements on a continuum from white to multiracial nationalism, identifies the latter as anti-racist, and argues that anti-racist organizing is necessary to achieve racial peace. The model is applied to a case from Whatcom County in the state of Washington. In that instance, the Indigenous Lummi Nation collaborated with a regional environmental organization, RE-Sources for Sustainable Community, to defeat the building of a port to export coal from the United States to the Far East. It concludes by positing that this model for anti-racist organizing can be applied globally.
Storytelling in Peace Leadership
Authors: Banner Douglas
Published: May 2022

Storytelling has long been recognized as a powerful, transformative tool in everything from personal growth to community development. In peace leadership, storytelling can become a powerful tool for unifying disparate groups, arriving at understanding across cultures, and creating common vision. How does the peace leader acquire the skills needed to use storytelling in their work? Storytelling, in peace leadership, begins with a deep commitment to personal growth and continues into understanding others in a cultural context. Presented here are skills and techniques that are integrated into a model peace leaders can learn and utilize to become a skilled agent of social and cultural change. To be most effective, the peace leader becomes a reflective story listener as well as a storyteller.
It's a Manhunt and It's Live
Authors: Karakasis Georgios
Published: May 2022

The aim of this chapter is to add to the existing research of modern right-wing terrorism the concept of the “aesthetics of the manhunt”; namely, the author's intention is to show that the terrorist attacks in Norway (2011) and New Zealand (2019) by Anders Breivik and Brenton Tarrant, respectively, have transformed the way we understand right-wing terrorism, including the characteristics of a manhunt between a predator and innocent human prey, as well as the use of technology, mainly livestreaming, to aestheticize the terrorist attack and attract more followers via the explicit visualization of this manhunt.
The Approach of the Islamist Press in Turkey to the Murder of Samuel Paty
Authors: Ercan Eren Ekin
Published: May 2022

The teacher Samuel Paty, who was decapitated on 16 October 2020 for showing cartoons of The Prophet Mohammad in a lecture in France, is an important indicator of the postmodern conceptual debate between “freedom of expression” and “terrorism.” It is not a coincidence that many similar events, especially the Charlie Hebdo attack in 2015, took place in France. The phenomenon of freedom of expression, which came to the fore during the 1789 French Revolution and its aftermath, made France a historical heir and the target of radical terrorist attacks. In this context, the study examines how the murder of Samuel Paty was interpreted on the websites of Yeni Şafak and Yeni Akit newspapers, which stand out with their Islamic journalism approach. The qualitative content analysis method was used in the study. The focus of the study is how the developments were reported by the newspapers on the day of the murder (October 16, 2020) and after.
Hybrid Warfare in Azerbaijan
Authors: Huseynov Vasif
Published: May 2022

The development of new technologies and aggression models has brought new dynamics to interstate conflicts by dramatically augmenting the role and potential of non-military strategies. International broadcasting and social media, cyberspace, and sophisticated intelligence services, among others, effectively serve aggressive powers to pursue their goals without direct military intervention. The chapter discusses this new generation of warfare, termed “hybrid threats” or “hybrid warfare,” through the perspective of Azerbaijan's encounter with the hybrid threats posed by some of its neighboring countries. The chapter particularly examines the use of hybrid warfare elements by Armenia and Iran and Azerbaijan's defense strategy against these threats. A long list of sources, news media articles, reports, official documents, as well interviews with the officials that are available on the internet are used in this analysis.
Dataveillance, Counterterrorism, and Sustainable Peace in the Age of Algocracy
Authors: Güder Feride Zeynep
Published: May 2022

History, the story of human beings, has been full of century-old conflicts, fights, and unending wars. Dreaming a peaceful world looks like a pure naïve desire, but ironically, this naivety can be the only salvation for human beings. We all witness a series of outbreaking and cutting-edge technological innovations, and this digitalized world transforms society sharply. New media have tsunami-like effects on people by creating a new culture in digital habitus and metaverse, but the existence of violence, war, and terrorism still linger all over the world. Violence and terrorism only changed their tophos and faces. The study is finalized by briefly exploring the new possibilities of governing the world by algocracy, a new type of democracy regulated by algorithms. Since the search for discourse for sustainable peace perspectives and a world without terrorism is the main leitmotif of this chapter, the methodology of the chapter starts with the essential discussions on counterterrorism, dataveillance, sustainable peace, the role of redemption, and peaceful discourse in digital narrations.
Machine Learning
Authors: AlAfandy Khalid Ahmed , Omara Hicham , Lazaar Mohamed , Al Achhab Mohammed
Published: May 2022

This chapter provides a comprehensive explanation of machine learning including an introduction, history, theory and types, problems, and how these problems can be solved. Then it shows some of the most used machine learning algorithms that are used in image classification, ending with the evaluation matrices calculations that are used to assess the performance of the learning models. The open source libraries also mentioned in this chapter facilitate the used codes for building any learning model with the use of machine learning.
Heavy Metals in Ground Water Affect the Human Health Global Challenge
Authors: Sharma Pramisha , Sharma Ashima
Published: May 2022

This chapter is based on a review of heavy metals, high atomic weight, and high-density naturally occurring elements transition elements. In the periodic table, about 80 elements of them are called metals. These metals can be further classified into two categories, those that are essential for survival such as magnesium, potassium, calcium, etc. and those that are nonessential such as lead, mercury, bismuth, and cadmium. These nonessential metals are known as toxic metals. Trace elements such as selenium, zinc, copper, etc. are necessary for maintaining the human body metabolism. These essential elements can be toxic if present at high concentrations. On the other hand, some elements like Hg, Cd, Pb, Bi, Cr, As, etc. are usually toxic to the living organisms when absorbed in small quantities. The source of heavy metals is natural as well as manmade. The toxicity of heavy metals causes carcinogenic effects in human beings related to organ, renal, hepatic, neural, skeletal, and glandular problems.
AHP and GIS Based Multi Criteria Analysis for Sustainable Sewage Disposal: A Case Study in Badulla Urban Area
Authors: Munasinghe D. S.
Published: May 2022

Sewage waste is one of the major environmental issues in Sri Lanka. Various studies reveal that about 50% of sewage waste is disposed of unscientifically in to open areas or water bodies. It creates problems to both the public health and the environment. As such, this study identified potential locations for sewage disposal sites using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) based Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) methods with Geographical Information System (GIS), for the Badulla Urban Area (BUA). Environmental aspects, geological and topographical aspects, and socio-economic aspects are identified as key parameters to be considered when doing land suitability analysis for sewage disposal in BUA. The study identified that of the total area, 87.36% of was not suitable, 1.10% less suitable, 9.37% moderately suitable, and 2.17% as suitable. Using the resultant classified suitability map, field verification was carried out to determine the final optimal site. Hence, the application of GIS-based MCA has been demonstrated as an appropriate methodology to solve multiple choices in sewage disposal site selection. This would be very much needed in the concept of city planning across the country.
Students’ Information Seeking Behaviour
Authors: Jeebakaran M. , Shanmugathasan S.
Published: May 2022

The current global pandemic has led to changes in students' learning and teaching conditions. Thesechanges are the transition from classroom learning and teaching methods to e-learning or distance learning and teaching methods.This situation introduced different resource applications in the learning resources of the students and the teaching techniques of the teachers. Students' information needs, behaviours and techniques in the pandemic situation created a new system. This study was conducted under the title “Students’ Information Seeking Behaviour” in randomly selected 1AB, 1C and Type II schools under the Zonal Education Office, Jaffna of the Jaffna District to identify the difficulties of the students and propose solutions to the students' information behaviours and information-seeking behaviours.The link for the google form was sent to 260 students who were participated in the online class which were conducted by the Zonal Education Office for Maths and Science subject. Data were collected through Google form from 245 students who completed and submitted the questionnaire successfully. The collected data were systematically analyzed and the results were obtained. The study reveals that 172 (70%) students use the Internet to meet their information needs; 41 (17%) use their Rural area libraries and librarians’ assistance and 103 (42%) students seek assistance from their school librarians. As many as 172 (70%) get the information that they need from friends; 196 (80%) students discuss with their friends;202 (82.4%) approach their teachers and 189 (77%) depend on their parents and relatives;87 (36%) students obtain the information what they need from social networking sites. The findings show that students' information behaviours have changed the need for information and the methods of obtaining it in accordance with the teaching and learning situation. Therefore, in the current context, there is a need for school libraries and public libraries to adapt learning resources and reference resources to suit the students' use.
Models of periodontal disease pathogenesis
Authors: Avula Haritha , Chakravarthy Yashaswini
Published: May 2022

Models of pathogenesis help in integrating the data available from current scientific research, which aid in comprehensive understanding of the disease. This stereotypic representation of a disease in the form of a conceptual model helps in translation of new information into practical applications. The evolution in the knowledge of pathogenesis of periodontal disease can lead to a revolution in treatment modalities. The true purpose of pathogenesis models is to highlight the key aspects that need the main focus. Various models of periodontal disease pathogenesis have been proposed based on the prevailing concepts of the disease at that point of time. The aim of the present review is to outline the vital aspects of existing models of periodontal disease pathogenesis.
Usefulness of the subepithelial connective tissue pedicled palatal flap in alveolar reconstruction
Authors: García-González Susana , Molina-López Javier , Galve-Huertas Andrea , Hernández-Alfaro Federico
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this case series report was to describe the subepithelial connective tissue pedicled palatal flap technique, its indications, and its efficacy in closure of alveolar ridge reconstruction. The present case series consisted of all 11 consecutive subjects who underwent a ridge augmentation with biomaterials or with bone grafts. Furthermore, in other cases were placed immediate or delayed implants. All cases were closed with a subepithelial connective tissue pedicled palatal flap reconstruction in our private dental clinic between 2014 and 2020. The main advantages of this flap are that the donor site remains primarily covered, the soft tissue volume at the recipient site is increased, and there is good integration of the graft because the blood supply of the flap comes directly from the base of the pedicle. All cases exhibited an increase in soft tissue height and width after 6 months and primary closure was successful. This case series suggests that the subepithelial connective tissue pedicled palatal flap may be useful for moderate vertical and horizontal augmentation in the recipient site.
Comparative evaluation of subgingival microbiome in healthy periodontium and gingivitis using next-generation sequencing technology
Authors: Vishnu R Arvinth , Alamelu Swarna , Arun KV , Sujitha P , Ganesh P.R.
Published: May 2022

Background:

Human dental plaque is a complex microbial community containing millions of species. Gingivitis is a dysregulated immune-inflammatory response induced by dysbiotic plaque biofilm that interrupts symbiosis. The emergence of next-generation sequencing with 16S rRNA gene has greatly contributed in understanding the complexity of microbiota. However, studies focusing on microbiome in gingivitis are limited. The whole bacterial community is important in causing periodontal disease than a small number of periodontal pathogens. In this study, we attempted to profile the subgingival microbiome from individuals with healthy gingiva and in patients with gingivitis using next-generation sequencing technology.

Materials and Methods:

Subgingival plaque samples from 15 healthy periodontium (Group I) and 15 gingivitis (Group II) were collected and 16s rRNA sequencing was done in Illumina Solexa Sequencer. Data analysis using 16s metagenomics tool from BaseSpace onsite operational taxonomic units was assigned to each sequence using HOMD database. Individual variation in the microbiome of the subgingival samples between the two groups was also evaluated.

Results:

The comparison of top 20 species between Group I and Group II revealed no significant species group between them. Synergistetes was absent in Group I samples but found in Group II. At the genus level, HACEK group species were found in both the groups, while Dialister and Aneroglobus were found abundantly in the Group II.

Conclusion:

The presence of unique genera and species seen in Group II samples could point toward a dysbiotic shift that could be taking place in the subgingival environment leading to gingivitis.
Intraluminal Endometriosis
Authors: Dhingra Harshi , Baliyan Asif , Nagpal Ruchi , Pant Suchita
Published: May 2022

The case presents an incidental finding of a rare variety of endometrioses in both the fallopian tubes termed intraluminal endometriosis in a 52-year-old female.
Cardiovascular and Osteoporosis Protection at Menopause with Lycopene
Authors: Meeta Meeta , Sharma Sudhaa , Unni Jyothi , Khandelwal Sunila , Choranur Ambuja , Malik Sonia
Published: May 2022

Objective:

The effect of lycopene (LycoRed) supplementation was evaluated in healthy postmenopausal women by biochemical markers for cardiovascular protection and osteoporosis protection.

Study Settings and Design:

This was a multi-centric placebo-controlled double-blind randomized clinical trial that screened 198 postmenopausal women at 21 centers across 12 cities in India. Levels of lycopene, lipid profile, high-risk C-reactive protein, and bone turnover markers: amino-terminal propeptide of Type I collagen (P1NP) and C-terminal telopeptide of Type I collagen (β-CTx) were measured at baseline and 6 months postsupplementation with LycoRed or placebo.

Interventions:

The study was completed with 57 of the 100 women on LycoRed 8 mg (antioxidant potency is equivalent to 24 mg of lycopene) and 43 placebos for 6 months by randomization.

Main Outcome Measures:

Rise in serum lycopene and effect of serum lycopene on surrogate markers of cardiovascular health and bone health.

Results:

LycoRed supplementation increases lycopene levels and P1NP and nonsignificant fall in β-CTx levels in healthy postmenopausal women.

Conclusions:

Lycopene supplementation in Indian menopausal women may confer protection from osteoporosis as shown by the directional change in the surrogate biochemical markers. This study can form a basis for larger studies with different doses to understand the effect of lycopene to prevent and act as adjuvant treatment on clinical endpoints for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and bone health.
How Much Calcium Does an Indian Postmenopausal Woman Need?
Authors: Meeta Meeta
Published: May 2022

Calcium is needed for many biological processes. The serum concentration is of calcium is regulated very finely. The absorption of calcium and excretion maintains the calcium balance. Net calcium excretion must be replaced, but the amount of calcium needed has been debated for decades. The debate is what is the adequate calcium in Indian postmenopausal women to maintain bone health and as an intervention to prevent and treat osteoporosis. In this article experts give their opinion on the increase in the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of the ICMR 2020 committee. Based on the present evidence, the Indian menopause Society guidelines 2020, retains the ICMR 2010 recommendation of 800 mg of calcium as RDA until new Indian data emerges. The positive impact of increasing calcium and vitamin D intake is most evident in calcium-deficient individuals.
A Rare Case of Marchiafava Bignami Disease
Authors: Vikhe Vikram B. , Chopda Kavish M. , Ahmed Junaid , Khaladkar Sanjay
Published: May 2022

Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder affecting the corpus callosum. It is usually seen in chronic alcoholics. MBD is an alcohol-associated disorder characterized by demyelination and necrosis of the corpus callosum. MBD was initially described in wine drinkers. It was considered to be either due to the toxic effect of alcohol or due to nutritional deficiency. Modern imaging techniques like MRI helps in the early detection of MBD even in the absence of classical clinical symptoms. WE report a case of chronic alcoholism since 20 years who presented to us with clinical signs of disorientation, dysarthria, behavioral symptoms, irrelevant talk, lapses in memory, sensory ataxia, and MRI findings suggestive of demyelination and subsequent atrophy of corpus callosum.
International trends of nursing career path
Authors: Albargawi Moudi , Albaz Noof , Alyousif Sarah M. , Alzahem Abdullah Mohammed
Published: May 2022

On-the-job professional development activities allow nurses to increase their knowledge and skills without needing to leave the work environment. However, a clear career path for nurses' professional development is still lacking. Our systematic review aims to identify the national and international trends regarding on-the-job training for nursing career-path development. We conducted an electronic search for studies published from 2000 to 2019 using the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, and Medline databases. We included a total of 18 studies. The on-the-job professional development activities we included in the review were of short, medium, and long durations. In all studies, the activities increased nurses' knowledge and skills. No data were reported about nurses' retention in most of the studies. Only one study reported that using e-learning and clinical training with nurse–mentors in a community setting for a long period of time increased their retention. Accordingly, a clear career path for nursing professional development needs to be developed, especially for nurses holding diplomas.
Prevalence of classified groups of health problems in the local, internally displaced persons, and Afghan people in the District Bannu, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Muhammad Ashraf
Published: May 2022

Background:

Health problems are one of the global concerns and affected mostly human well-being and performance.

Aims:

The current study determined the prevalence of different classified groups of health problems in the local, internally displaced persons, and Afghan people living in Bannu during 2016–2019.

Settings and Design/Methods and Materials:

This is a retrospective study. Data were taken from the official computerized record of all patients who visited the outpatient department in the Khalifa Gul Nawaz Teaching Hospital, Bannu, for diagnosis and treatment during the study period.

Statistical Analysis:

Pearson's Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to determine the significant difference, followed by post hoc tests pairwise.

Results:

Aggregate data for the said period indicated medical category with 18.2% health cases, followed by children (11.4%), eye (10.7%), chest (9.4%), and orthopedic (7.9%). Each of the remaining health problems showed ≤5.7% prevalence. Men demonstrated 37.1% of health cases, followed by women (35.4%), and children (27.5%). The local population showed a less annual prevalence of cases in 2016 compared to the remaining years, while internally displaced persons contributed 29.5% and 9.8% of overall cases in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Afghans accounted for <0.2% annually and an aggregate of 0.15% of overall cases. The local population data also indicated health problems were highest in men (≥37.4%) followed by women (≤37.2%) each year from 2016 to 2019, while internally displaced person data showed children had the highest prevalence (≥39.8%) of health cases followed by women (≤30.3%) each in 2016 and 2017. Afghan men showed the highest prevalence (35.5%) of all Afghan cases, followed by Afghan children (33.2%) in 2016, while Afghan women showed the highest prevalence of ≥39.8% of all Afghan cases annually during 2017-2019, followed by Afghan children (≤36%). The local population accounted for 91.4% of cases, followed by internally displaced persons 8.5%, and Afghan people 0.1% of cases.

Conclusions:

Overall, medical group and men showed the highest number of cases. The local population showed higher cases during 2017–2019. Both Afghan men and women showed reduced prevalence and increased prevalence during 2018–2019 and 2019, respectively.
Nationwide Surveillance of Pfhrp2 Exon 2 Diversity in Plasmodium falciparum Circulating in Symptomatic Malaria Patients Living in Ghana
Authors: Bredu Dorcas G. , Ahadzi George K. , Donu Dickson , Peprah Nana Y. , Asamoah Alexander , Asumah George A. , Abuaku Benjamin , Asare Kwame K. , Obiri-Yeboah Dorcas , Ford Colby T. , Lo Eugenia , Malm Keziah L. , Amoah Linda E.
Published: May 2022

Reports of increasing false-negative HRP2-based rapid diagnostic test results across Africa require constant monitoring of factors associated with these false-negative outcomes, as failure of this diagnostic tool will have severe consequences on malaria treatment and control programs. This study characterized the extent of genetic diversity in the Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (Pfhrp2) gene in P. falciparum isolates from symptomatic malaria patients across the regions of Ghana. Exon 2 of Pfhrp2 was amplified from gDNA using polymerase chain reaction. All Pfhrp2-negative samples were subjected to Pf18S rRNA and Pfmsp2 gene amplifications. The amplified Pfhrp2 exon 2 fragments from clonal samples were sent for commercial Sanger sequencing. The type and number of PfHRP2 repeats, classified based on repeat types previously reported, were estimated from the sequence data and compared among geographical regions. About 81% (2,333/2,890) of the original microscopy positive dried blood spot (DBS) samples were available and used in this study. The Pfhrp2 exon 2 amplification was successful in 98.5% (2,297/2,333) of the tested samples, with band size ranging from 400 bp to 1,050 bp. A total of 13 out of the 24 previously reported repeat types were identified among the samples, with three samples lacking both type 2 and type 7 repeat motifs. This study suggested that the genetic diversity of Pfhrp2 exon 2 identified in P. falciparum circulating in symptomatic malaria patients in Ghana is unlikely to influence the sensitivity and specificity of HRP2 RDT-based diagnosis.
Calculadora de riesgo de progresión a hospitalización por COVID-19, enfermedad crítica y muerte. Estudio retrospectivo observacional.
Authors: Nieto-Ortega Eduardo , Macedo-Falcon Diana Ali , Peón Alberto N.
Published: May 2022

COVID-19 pandemics has spread at a fast rate worldwide, producing multiple collapses in the healthcare system worldwide. In such setting, the correct priorization of regular hospital beds and intensive care unit beds is mandatory in order to save more lives and optimize resource usage. Currently, some specific online calculators are available, and prognostic clinical scores like NEWS and SOFA have been repurposed to evaluate potential for disease progression in COVID-19 patients. Nonetheless, the predictive value of these tools has been low in practice. Nowadays, the knowledge about pathological markers is more advanced, and unlike when the aforementioned studies were published, it is now recognized that COVID-19 has at least three different symptomatic stages, each governed by distinctive pathophysiological traits. Thus, we think that a risk calculator that incorporates the aforementioned knowledge may have a strong predictive ability.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Jasa dan Kualitas Produk Terhadap Customer Satisfaction Pada Bayu Lagoon Resto Tebing Tinggi
Authors: Damanik Ira Hairani Br , Lubis Anggia Sari , Siregar Horia
Published: May 2022

The objective of the research was to determine the effect of service quality and product quality on customers’ satisfaction at Bayu Lagoon Resto Tebing Tinggi. The type of the research was quantitative descriptive research. The approach used was survey method. The poupulation of the researchwas the customer in Bayu Lagoon Resto Tebing Tinggi consisted of 900 consumers. The number of samples selected in thi research were 90 customers. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. Data collection techniques were carried out by interview, questionnaire, observation, and the combination among them. Technique of analyzing the data was multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study at a significant level of 5% indicate that (1) Service Quality of Service had a positive effect on Customer Satisfaction proved by tobserved 4.438 with a significant value of 0.000 lower than 0.05 (0.000 <0.05). (2) Product quality had a positive effect on Customer Satisfaction proved by t-observed of 5.080 with a significant value of 0.000 (0.000 <0.05). While, the determination test was 57.6%. Then the effect of differentiation in service quality and product quality on customer satisfaction was  57.6%, while the remaining 42.4% was affected by other variables unexamined in this research.
Pengaruh Alokasi Dana Desa Terhadap Kesejahteraan Masyarakat (Studi: Desa di Kecamatan Tamiang Hulu, Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang)
Authors: Harahap Ainul Yusna
Published: May 2022

The objective of the research was to examine the Effect of Village Fund Allocation on Community Welfare. This research is using primary data with method of collecting data used was distributing questionnaires directly. Population in this research is the People in Tamiang Hulu Subdistrict, Alir Tani I Village, Alur Tani II, Pulau Tiga Plantation, Harum Sari and Wonosari. Statistical analysis used in this research is Multiple Linear Analysis using the help of SPSS (Statistical Package For The Social Science).The research method used is quantitative research. The results showed that the Allocation of Village Funds Has a Positive and Significant Effect on The Welfare of the Community.
Analisis Manajemen Pembiayaan Pendidikan Dalam Menunjang Proses Pendidikan di Perguruan Tamansiswa Cabang Pematangsiantar
Authors: Arif Syukri Nasution
Published: May 2022

The research objectives are: 1. To find out budget planning, expenditure income, use of financing and supervision of financing at the Tamansiswa Pematangsiantar Branch. 2. To find out the financing of education in supporting the learning process at the Tamansiswa College Pematangsiantar Branch. The results of this study can be concluded, namely: 1. The preparation of an income budget plan at the Tamansiswa Pematangsiantar Branch consists of 2, namely a budget plan whose funding source comes from Education Contributions prepared by the Branch Council, while a budget plan whose funding source comes from BOS funds ( School Operational Assistance) is prepared by the BOS Team in the Universities. 2. The largest use of BOS funds is in financing learning and extracurricular activities and financing subscriptions for power and or services. 3. Supervision and evaluation of financing at the Tamansiswa Pematangsiantar Branch is carried out in two ways depending on the type of use of funds. The use of funds sourced from students will be evaluated and checked by the Treasury Examiner Agency (BPP) and will make a report to the Branch Council. Meanwhile, the use of BOS funds from the government will be reported to the Head of Section (Principal), at the basic education level (SD and SMP) to the Pematangsiantar City Education Office, while for the secondary education level (SMA and SMK) it is reported to the North Sumatra Provincial Education Office through Realization Information System Application for Reports on the Use of BOS Funds (BOS SIRUP). 4. In supporting the learning process, the Tamansiswa Pematangsiantar Branch allocates funds for teachers in the preparation of learning tools and learning evaluations whose funding comes from the Government. Meanwhile, the funding for the implementation of learning is sourced from college funds (hourly tutoring honors according to the subjects taught) and BOS funds (for facilities and infrastructure as well as student needs). This form of research uses qualitative methods, namely methods that refer to research procedures that produce qualitative data, expressions or notes by researchers in observation activities. Qualitative research focuses more on the problems that exist at the time the research is carried out or actual problems and describes the facts about the problems investigated and their interpretations