bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-stoichiometric hydrated magnesium-doped calcium carbonate precipitation in ethanol
Authors: Magnabosco Giulia , Condorelli Andrea M. M. , Rosenberg Rose , Polishchuk Iryna , Pokroy Boaz , Gebauer Denis , Cölfen Helmut , Falini Giuseppe
Published: October 2019

The effect of Mg2+ on the precipitation pathway of CaCO3 in absolute ethanol has been studied to investigate the role of ion solvation in the crystallization process.
Controllable growth of continuous monolayer MoS2by balancing the moles of gaseous precursorsviaargon flow
Authors: Sun Ping , Liu Yuewei , Ma Jun , Li Wei , Zhang Kailiang , Yuan Yujie
Published: October 2019

Large-area, uniform, and high quality continuous monolayer MoS2was successfully grown on a SiO2/Si substrate, demonstrated using diverse analytical testing techniques.
Biomimetic catalytic oxidative coupling of thiols using thiolate-bridged dinuclear metal complexes containing iron in water under mild conditions
Authors: Zhang Yahui , Yang Dawei , Li Ying , Zhao Xiangyu , Wang Baomin , Qu Jingping
Published: October 2019

A green approach to disulfidesviaaerobic oxidative coupling of thiols was developed with a thiolate-bridged heteronuclear complex in water.
Investigation of solvent effects on the hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol over Ru catalysts
Authors: Saleheen Mohammad , Verma Anand Mohan , Mamun Osman , Lu Jianmin , Heyden Andreas
Published: October 2019

The effects of a liquid phase environment on the hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol, a prototypical lignin derived compound, have been investigated over a Ru catalyst from first principles.
Counter-complementarity control of the weak exchange interaction in a bent {Ni(ii)3} complex with a μ-phenoxide-μ-carboxylate double bridge
Authors: Fiorini Guillermo , Carrella Luca , Rentschler Eva , Alborés Pablo
Published: October 2019

We report a combined computational and experimental study of a weak exchange interaction in a bent {Ni(ii)3} complex controlled by counter-complementarity.
Synthetic mimics of cyclic antimicrobial peptides via templated ring-opening metathesis (TROM)
Authors: Zhou Zhe , Ergene Cansu , Palermo Edmund F.
Published: October 2019

We utilized a templated ring-opening metathesis (TROM) strategy to synthesize a series of precision macrocyclic olefins, each containing two, three or four repeating units of a cyclooctene with pendant carboxylic acid side chains.
Correction: Design, fabrication and anti-aging behavior of a multifunctional inorganic–organic hybrid stabilizer derived from co-intercalated layered double hydroxides for polypropylene
Authors: Zhang Qian , Guo Yixuan , Marek Adam A. , Verney Vincent , Leroux Fabrice , Tang Pinggui , Li Dianqing , Feng Yongjun
Published: October 2019

Correction for ‘Design, fabrication and anti-aging behavior of a multifunctional inorganic–organic hybrid stabilizer derived from co-intercalated layered double hydroxides for polypropylene’ by Qian Zhang et al., Inorg. Chem. Front., 2019, 6, 2539–2549.
Hybrid microfluidic sorting of rare cells based on high throughput inertial focusing and high accuracy acoustic manipulation
Authors: Zhou Yinning , Ma Zhichao , Ai Ye
Published: October 2019

The first example of integration of sized-based inertial sorting and surface biomarker-based acoustic sorting to achieve >2500-fold enrichment of rare cell populations.
Simultaneous detection of acetaminophen and 4-aminophenol with an electrochemical sensor based on silver–palladium bimetal nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide
Authors: Dou Nannan , Zhang Siyu , Qu Jianying
Published: October 2019

Simultaneous detection of acetaminophen and 4-aminophenol with a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based on silver–palladium bimetal nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide.
Anti-tumor effect of volatile oil from Houttuynia cordata Thunb. on HepG2 cells and HepG2 tumor-bearing mice
Authors: Yang Linsong , Ji Weiwei , Zhong Hui , Wang Luyao , Zhu Xiaolin , Zhu Jie
Published: October 2019

The cytotoxicities of the volatile oil from Houttuynia cordata Thunb. against four human tumour cell lines were evaluated.
Understanding the R882H mutation effects of DNA methyltransferase DNMT3A: a combination of molecular dynamics simulations and QM/MM calculations
Authors: Liu Lanxuan , Shi Ting , Houk Kendall N. , Zhao Yi-Lei
Published: October 2019

The AML-related high-frequent R882H mutation of DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A), a key enzyme forde novoepigenetic methylation in human beings, was characterized by a disturbing conformation ofS-adenosylmethionine (SAM).
Conversion of flavonol glycoside to anthocyanin: an interpretation of the oxidation–reduction relationship of biosynthetic flavonoid-intermediates
Authors: Oyama Kin-ichi , Kimura Yuki , Iuchi Satoru , Koga Nobuaki , Yoshida Kumi , Kondo Tadao
Published: October 2019

An efficient conversion of rutin to the corresponding anthocyanin, cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside by Clemmensen-type reduction followed by air oxidation was established.
Al-assisted high frequency self-powered oscillations of liquid metal droplets
Authors: Chen Sen , Yang Xiaohu , Wang Hongzhang , Wang Ronghang , Liu Jing
Published: October 2019

It is of great scientific and practical significance to explore and imitate the rhythmic oscillating behaviors.
A highly stretchable strain-insensitive temperature sensor exploits the Seebeck effect in nanoparticle-based printed circuits
Authors: Xin Yangyang , Zhou Jian , Lubineau Gilles
Published: October 2019

Stretchable temperature sensors are critical components in soft robotics.
Ultrahigh Li-ion conductive single-ion polymer electrolyte containing fluorinated polysulfonamide for quasi-solid-state Li-ion batteries
Authors: Zhong Yunyun , Zhong Lei , Wang Shuanjin , Qin Jiaxiang , Han Dongmei , Ren Shan , Xiao Min , Sun Luyi , Meng Yuezhong
Published: October 2019

With the rapid development of electronic devices and electric vehicles, the requirements for their safety issues and service stabilities have become more and more strict.
Multi-layered photocathodes based on Cu2ZnSnSe4absorber and MoS2catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Grau Sergi , Giraldo Sergio , Saucedo Edgardo , Morante Joan Ramón , Llobet Antoni , Gimbert-Suriñach Carolina
Published: October 2019

A multi-layered photocathode for the water reduction to hydrogen reaction made of non-critical raw materials.
Autonomous self-healing, self-adhesive, highly conductive composites based on a silver-filled polyborosiloxane/polydimethylsiloxane double-network elastomer
Authors: Tang Miao , Zheng Peng , Wang Kaiqing , Qin Yajie , Jiang Yizhou , Cheng Yuanrong , Li Zhuo , Wu Limin
Published: October 2019

Novel autonomous self-healing, self-adhesive stretchable electrodes were prepared by using PBS/PDMS double-network elastomer with 100% self-healing efficiency in conductivity.
Light-controllable systems based on TiO2-ZIF-8 composites for targeted drug release: communicating with tumour cells
Authors: Sharsheeva Aziza , Iglin Vadim A. , Nesterov Pavel V. , Kuchur Oleg A. , Garifullina Elizaveta , Hey-Hawkins Evamarie , Ulasevich Sviatlana A. , Skorb Ekaterina V. , Vinogradov Alexandr V. , Morozov Maxim I.
Published: October 2019

A model nanocomposite releases drug within 40 minutes under UV irradiation.
A non-enzymatic glucose sensor with enhanced anti-interference ability based on a MIL-53(NiFe) metal–organic framework
Authors: Zhang Li , Ma Xiaoni , Liang Hongbo , Lin Huihui , Zhao Guangyu
Published: October 2019

The MIL-53(NiFe) MOF was used as a molecular sieve to improve the anti-interference ability in glucose detection.
Remarkable dielectric breakdown strength enhancement of a PVDF terpolymer using a 2D hybrid organic inorganic perovskite as a functional additive
Authors: Lu Yong , Zhao Daming , Yulia Lekina , Chen Hui , Chen Xuelong , Liang Yen Nan , Lim Song Kiat Jacob , Chia Elbert E. M. , Shen Zexiang , Hu Xiao
Published: October 2019

Remarkable BDS improvement of a PVDF terpolymer is achieved by using a 2D hybrid organic inorganic perovskite (HOIP) as a novel functional additive.
Photochromic dithienylethenes characterized by in situ irradiation NMR-spectroscopy and electrochemically induced responsiveness on gold substrates
Authors: von Irmer Jonas , Frieß Florian , Herold Dominik , Kind Jonas , Thiele Christina M. , Gallei Markus
Published: October 2019

The photochromic and electrochemical switching capabilities of two dithienylethenes with different substitutions and their self-assembled monolayers on gold surfaces are characterized by in situ NMR-spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry.
Environmental distribution of the neurotoxin l-BMAA in Paenibacillus species
Authors: Nunn Peter B. , Codd Geoffrey A.
Published: October 2019

The environmental distribution of the neurotoxic amino acid, 3-N-methyl-2,3-diaminopropanoic acid (BMAA), first isolated in 1967, was initially believed to be limited to tropical and subtropical plants of the genus Cycas. The seeds of one such species, which had been used historically on the Pacific island of Guam as a foodstuff, had a reputation for neurotoxicity. Some 40 years later the amino acid was detected in terrestrial and aquatic cyanobacteria and in other aquatic organisms. Overlooked was the discovery of BMAA in peptides of bizarre structure that had been isolated in 1975 from Paenibacillus pulvifaciens during a search for antibiotics. More recently (2014), peptides of similar structure were isolated from Paenibacillus larvae; this organism is causative of American Foulbrood, a lethal disease of honeybee colonies. These are interesting chemical and environmental observations, but knowledge of the bacterial distribution of BMAA is limited to just these two species of Paenibacillus, while more than 200 Paenibacillus spp. are known. Paenibacillus spp. are ever present naturally in the environment and are used agriculturally; recent research reports that some species infect human foods – including cow's milk – and have been isolated from human body fluids. We wish to stimulate interest in the environmental distribution of the neurotoxic BMAA in Paenibacillus spp. by drawing together previously isolated streams of research and by proposing experimental approaches by which this matter might be resolved.
Reply to the ‘Comment on “Acetylcysteine in paracetamol poisoning: a perspective of 45 years of use”’ by M. E. Mullins, M. C. Yarema, M. L. A. Sivilotti, M. Thompson, D. A. Algren, M. C. Beuhler and C. P. Holstege, Toxicol. Res., 2019, 8, DOI: 10.1039/C9TX00158A
Authors: Bateman D. Nicholas , Dear James W.
Published: October 2019

Mullins et al. made a comment on our article (DOI: ; 10.1039/C9TX00002J) stating they noticed the omission of the one-bag, standard concentration protocol which is shared by several centers in North America when we discussed IV acetylcysteine protocols. In this reply we clarify that we did not include this methodology as it is a technical adaption of the way in which a 2-bag NAC regimen in administered and there is insufficient comparative data with other regimens.
The fate of planetary cores in giant and ice-giant planets
Authors: Mazevet S. , Musella R. , Guyot F.
Published: October 2019

Context. The Juno probe that currently orbits Jupiter measures its gravitational moments with great accuracy. Preliminary results suggest that the core of the planet may be eroded. While great attention has been paid to the material properties of elements constituting the envelope, little is known about those that constitute the core. This situation clutters our interpretation the Juno data and modeling of giant planets and exoplanets in general.

Aims. We calculate the high-pressure melting temperatures of three potential components of the cores of giant planets, water, iron, and a simple silicate, MgSiO3, to investigate the state of the deep inner core.

Methods. We used ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to calculate the high-pressure melting temperatures of the three potential core components. The planetary adiabats were obtained by solving the hydrostatic equations in a three-layer model adjusted to reproduce the measured gravitational moments. Recently developed ab initio equations of state were used for the envelope and the core.

Results. We find that the cores of the giant and ice-giant planets of the solar system differ because the pressure–temperature conditions encountered in each object correspond to different regions of the phase diagrams. For Jupiter and Saturn, the results are compatible with a diffuse core and mixing of a significant fraction of metallic elements in the envelope, leading to a convective and/or a double-diffusion regime. We also find that their solid cores vary in nature and size throughout the lifetimes of these planets. The solid cores of the two giant planets are not primordial and nucleate and grow as the planets cool. We estimate that the solid core of Jupiter is 3 Gyr old and that of Saturn is 1.5 Gyr old. The situation is less extreme for Uranus and Neptune, whose cores are only partially melted.

Conclusions. To model Jupiter, the time evolution of the interior structure of the giant planets and exoplanets in general, their luminosity, and the evolution of the tidal effects over their lifetimes, the core should be considered as crystallizing and growing rather than gradually mixing into the envelope due to the solubility of its components.
The Outcome of Immediate or Delayed Application of a Single-Step Self-Etch Adhesive to Coronal Dentin Following the Application of Different Endodontic Irrigants
Authors: Saber Shehab-El Din Mohammed , El-Askary Farid Sabry
Published: October 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of immediate or delayed bonding of a single-step self-etch adhesive to coronal dentin after the application of different endodontic irrigants.

Methods: Thirty five human molars were used. The coronal dentin was irrigated with either 0.9% physiologic saline (NS), 2% Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) or 2.5% commercially used sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Compositecylinders were bonded with the coronal dentin using the Clearfil S3 bond, which was applied either immediatelyor after one week storage time following the irrigation procedures. Shear bond strength testing was performed at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min, and the resin/dentin interface was evaluated using SEM.

Results: Irrigation with NS, CHX, or NaOCL followed by immediate adhesive application resulted in a reduction in the shear bond strength values recorded and this was statistically significant in comparison with the control group (P<.05). However, delaying the adhesive application resulted in a statistically significant (P<.05) improvement in the shear bond strength recorded in specimens irrigated with NS and CHX only.

Conclusions: Delaying the bonding procedures for one week appeared to be beneficial in improving the shear bond strength of Clearfil S3 bond with coronal dentin especially when NS and CHX were used as endodontic irrigants. NaOCL proved to be an incompatible irrigating solution when used prior to the application of such adhesive. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:83-89)
Comparison of the Different Techniques to Remove Fractured Endodontic Instruments from Root Canal Systems
Authors: Gencoglu Nimet , Helvacioglu Dilek
Published: October 2019

Objectives: To evaluate the success of certain methods that can be used in the removal of separated instruments from different levels in curved and straight canals.

Methods: Instrument removal attempts were undertaken on 63 straight and 30 curved canals containing a pre-fractured instrument using the ultrasonics under the visualization of an operating microscope or conventional methods. In straight canals, a Masseran Kit was additionally used to these techniques. The success of instrument removal in relation to the techniques used and the location of the fragments in the root canal were evaluated. Successful treatment was defined by the removal or complete by passing of the fragments.

Results: The overall success rate was found 93.3% with ultrasonics and 66.6% when only conventional methodswere used in curved canals. In straight canals, also the success rate was the highest with ultrasonics (95.2%). This was followed by conventional method (80.9%) and the least by Masserann Kit (47.6%). When the success rate was investigated according to the location of the broken instruments, the lowest rate was found in the apical third of root canal.

Conclusions: Location of the fragment and the shape of the root canal influence the success of fractured instrument management. Ultrasonics under the visualization of an operating microscope was found to be an effective removal method. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:90-95)
Radio frequency controlled wireless drug delivery devices
Authors: Khan Ahsan Noor , Ermakov Alexey , Sukhorukov Gleb , Hao Yang
Published: October 2019

Drug delivery devices have revolutionized the course of therapeutic treatment in the recent past. These devices provide a firm foundation for diverse strategies to overcome the limitations of systemic administration that cannot provide a high drug potency at the specific disease infected body tissues. The ongoing developments in the pharmaceutical industry have focused on exploring the reliable actuating mechanisms that can provide therapy and dispense drugs precisely to control therapeutic effects with minimum toxicity. The wireless actuation of drug delivery devices has been considered as an intervening noninvasive approach to release encapsulated drug compounds. This review paper highlights implantable and transdermal drug delivery devices that are based on wirelessly controlled microchips, micropumps, microvalves, and magnetic robots. Their key features, such as working principle, dimensions, materials, operating frequency, and wireless actuation through radio frequency for drug delivery are explained. The interaction of radio waves with electrically conductive and magnetic nanoparticles is also discussed for drug delivery. Furthermore, the radio frequency assisted data telemetry and wireless power transfer techniques are elucidated for drug delivery devices. The opportunities to enhance the patients' control on therapeutic indexes and release mechanisms are still possible by incorporating advanced wireless sensors for concocting future innovations in the wirelessly controlled drug delivery devices.
A real-time cosine similarity algorithm method for continuous monitoring of dynamic droplet generation processes
Authors: Zhu Xiurui , Su Shisheng , Liu Baoxia , Zhu Lingxiang , Yang Wenjun , Gao Na , Jing Gaoshan , Guo Yong
Published: October 2019

Droplet microfluidics is becoming an enabling technology for synthesizing microscale particles and an effective real-time method is essential to monitor the variations in a dynamic droplet generation process. Here, a novel real-time cosine similarity algorithm (RT-CSA) method was developed to investigate the droplet generation process by measuring the droplet generation frequency continuously. The RT-CSA method uses a first-in-first-out (FIFO) similarity vector buffer to store calculated cosine similarities, so that these cosine similarities are reused to update the calculation results once a new frame is captured and stored. For the first time, the RT-CSA method achieved real-time monitoring of dynamic droplet generation processes by updating calculation results over 2,000 times per second, and two pre-microgel droplet generation processes with or without artificial disturbances were monitored closely and continuously. With the RT-CSA method, the disturbances in dynamic droplet generation processes were precisely determined, and following changes were monitored and recorded in real time. This highly effective RT-CSA method could be a powerful tool for further promoting research of droplet microfluidics.
X-ray radiography of viscous resuspension
Authors: Saint-Michel Brice , Manneville Sébastien , Meeker Steven , Ovarlez Guillaume , Bodiguel Hugues
Published: October 2019

We use X-ray imaging to study viscous resuspension. In a Taylor-Couette geometry, we shear an initially settled layer of spherical glass particles immersed in a Newtonian fluid and measure the local volume fraction profiles. In this configuration, the steady-state profiles are simply related to the normal viscosity defined in the framework of the suspension balance model. These experiments allow us to examine this fundamental quantity over a wide range of volume fractions, in particular, in the semidilute regime where experimental data are sorely lacking. Our measurements strongly suggest that the particle stress is quadratic with respect to the volume fraction in the dilute limit. Strikingly, they also reveal a nonlinear dependence on the Shields number, in contrast with previous theoretical and experimental results. This likely points to shear-thinning particle stresses and to a non-Coulomb or velocity-weakening friction between the particles, as also evidenced from shear reversal experiments.
Integration of Brillouin and passive circuits for enhanced radio-frequency photonic filtering
Authors: Liu Yang , Choudhary Amol , Ren Guanghui , Vu Khu , Morrison Blair , Casas-Bedoya Alvaro , Nguyen Thach G. , Choi Duk-Yong , Ma Pan , Mitchell Arnan , Madden Stephen J. , Marpaung David , Eggleton Benjamin J.
Published: October 2019

Signal processing using on-chip nonlinear or linear optical effects has shown tremendous potential for RF photonic applications. Combining nonlinear and linear elements on the same photonic chip can further enable advanced functionality and enhanced system performance in a robust and compact form. However, the integration of nonlinear and linear optical signal processing units remains challenging due to the competing and demanding waveguide requirements, specifically the combination of high optical nonlinearity in single-pass waveguides, which is desirable for broadband signal processing with low linear loss and negligible nonlinear distortions required for linear signal processing. Here, we report the first demonstration of integrating Brillouin-active waveguides and passive ring resonators on the same integrated photonic chip, enabling an integrated microwave photonic notch filter with ultradeep stopband suppressions of >40 dB, a low filter passband loss of <−10 dB, flexible center frequency tuning over 15 GHz, and reconfigurable filter shape. This demonstration paves the way for implementing high-performance integrated photonic processing systems that merge complementary linear and nonlinear properties, for advanced functionality, enhanced performance, and compactness.
Rhenium dinitride: Carrier transport in a novel transition metal dinitride layered crystal
Authors: Onodera Momoko , Kawamura Fumio , Cuong Nguyen Thanh , Watanabe Kenji , Moriya Rai , Masubuchi Satoru , Taniguchi Takashi , Okada Susumu , Machida Tomoki
Published: October 2019

Rhenium dinitride (ReN2) is a newly synthesized layered transition metal dinitride. We present the first experimental investigation of the electrical transport properties of ReN2 by exfoliating the ReN2 crystal into thin films. The carrier transport measurements reveal that ReN2 is a metal. Furthermore, ReN2 exhibits suppression of resistance due to superconductivity at temperatures below 10 K. The critical magnetic fields differ significantly depending on the direction of the applied magnetic field, suggesting that ReN2 is an anisotropic layered superconductor.
Free energy of adhesion of lipid bilayers on titania surfaces
Authors: Schneemilch M. , Quirke N.
Published: October 2019

The adhesion strength between a flexible membrane and a solid substrate (formally the free energy of adhesion per unit area) is difficult to determine experimentally, yet is a key parameter in determining the extent of the wrapping of a particle by the membrane. Here, we present molecular dynamics simulations designed to estimate this quantity between dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) bilayers and a range of low-energy titanium dioxide cleavage planes for both anatase and rutile polymorphs. The average adhesion strength across the cleavage planes for rutile and anatase is relatively weak ∼−2.0 ± 0.4 mN m−1. However, rutile has two surfaces (100 and 101) displaying relatively strong adhesion (−4 mN m−1), while anatase has only one (110). This suggests a slightly greater tendency for bilayers to wrap rutile particles compared to anatase particles but both would wrap less than amorphous silica. We also estimate the adsorption free energies of isolated DMPC lipids and find that only the rutile 101 surface shows significant adsorption. In addition, we estimate the adhesion enthalpies and infer that the entropic contribution to the adhesion free energy drives adhesion on the rutile surfaces and opposes adhesion on the anatase surfaces.
Two-photon absorption property of Cl-substituted diphenylacetylenes by optical-probing photoacoustic spectroscopy
Authors: Ishii Tetsuro , Ando Saki , Isozaki Tasuku , Takeuchi Ryo , Kashihara Wataru , Suzuki Tadashi
Published: October 2019

Two-photon absorption spectra and two-photon absorption cross sections of Cl-substituted diphenylacetylenes (ClDPAs) were investigated by optical-probing photoacoustic spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations for the first time. The two-photon absorption spectra of ClDPAs exhibited intense two-photon absorption bands at around 480 nm, which are forbidden by one-photon absorption. The two-photon absorption cross sections σ(2) of o-, m-, and p-ClDPAs at 476 nm were determined to be 22 ± 1, 23 ± 1, and 38 ± 2 GM, respectively. Compared with diphenylacetylene (DPA) (27 GM at 472 nm), the σ(2) values of o- and m-ClDPAs were lower, while that of p-ClDPA was higher. Simulated two-photon absorption spectra using the TD-B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level of calculations within the Tamm-Dancoff approximation, based on the three-state model, well agreed with the experimental results. The difference in the σ(2) values of DPA and ClDPAs was responsible for those in the transition dipole moments between the intermediate and the final states.
Surface chemistry and photoelectrochemistry—Case study on tantalum nitride
Authors: He Yumin , Chen Rong , Fa Wenjun , Zhang Bingqing , Wang Dunwei
Published: October 2019

Solar water splitting promises a solution to challenges associated with the intermittent nature of solar energy. Of different implementations, photoelectrochemical water splitting, where one or more photoelectrodes harvest light and catalyze water splitting, represents a convenient platform to understand the governing principles of charge behaviors, especially at the light absorber|H2O interface. This Perspective recognizes and discusses the importance of the photoelectrode surface to solar water splitting performance. It presents discussions within the context of a prototypical water splitting material, Ta3N5, which has gained growing attention lately for its outstanding initial performance. Insights into the mechanisms by which Ta3N5 functions are presented, followed by examples of recent efforts to circumvent the issues that Ta3N5 decays rapidly under solar water splitting conditions. Our visions on the future directions of semiconductor-based solar water splitting will be presented at the end.
Photosynthesis capacity diversified by leaf structural and physiological regulation between upland and lowland switchgrass in different growth stages
Authors: Cui Xin , Cen Huifang , Guan Cong , Tian Danyang , Liu Huayue , Zhang Yunwei
Published: October 2019

Understanding and enhancing switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) photosynthesis will help to improve yield and quality for bio-industrial applications on cellulosic biofuel production. In the present study, leaf anatomical traits and physiological characteristics related to photosynthetic capacity of both lowland and upland switchgrass were recorded from four varieties across the vegetative, elongation and reproductive growth stages. Compared with the upland varieties, the lowland switchgrass showed 37–59, 22–64 and 27–73% higher performance on height, stem and leaf over all three growth stages. Leaf anatomical traits indicated that the leaves of lowland varieties provided more space for carbon assimilation and transportation caused by enhanced cell proliferation with more bundles sheath cells and larger contact areas between the bundle sheath and mesophyll cells (CAMB), which lead to the 32–72% higher photosynthetic capacity found in the lowland varieties during vegetative and elongation growth. However, photosynthetic capacity became 22–51% higher in the upland varieties during the reproductive stage, which is attributed to more photosynthetic pigment. In conclusion, lowland varieties gain a photosynthetic advantage with enhanced bundle sheath cell proliferation, while the upland varieties preserved more photosynthetic pigments. Our study provides new insights for improving the yield in crops by enhancing photosynthesis with anatomical and physiological strategies.
Relationship between mitochondrial DNA haplogroup and litter size in the pig
Authors: Wang Dan , Ning Chao , Liu Jian-Feng , Zhao Xingbo
Published: October 2019

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been widely associated with complex traits in farm animals. The present study evaluated the effects of mtDNA on litter size in pigs. Mitogenome sequencing of 1017 sows distinguished 232 variations, including 229 single nucleotide polymorphisms and three indels, which constituted 11 haplotypes and further clustered into two haplogroups that differed significantly (P<0.05) in litter size. In order to explain the associations between the effect of haplogroup on litter size and different maternal origins, extant mitogenome sequences were used for phylogenetic or principal component analyses. The results of these analyses led to the identification of two groups, representing Chinese and European origins. The haplotypes corresponding to high litter size were all in the Chinese cluster, whereas haplotypes corresponding to low litter size were all in the European cluster. The results of this study suggest that the effect of haplogroup on litter size in the pig could be caused by diverse maternal origins, and that mtDNA haplogroup may be a marker for genetic selection for pig litter size.
Solving high order thinking problem with a different way in trigonometry
Authors: Sulistyowati F , Kuncoro K S , Setiana D S , Purwoko R Y
Published: October 2019

This research is a descriptive-analytical study that aims to describe how student solve high order thinking (HOT) problem. The research subject was a student who was chosen based on HOT problem-solving in a non-routine way and took a mathematics course at Science Education of Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa Yogyakarta DS Setiana1. Data were collected using observation, documentation and interviews methods, then will be analyzed descriptively. Based on the analysis that has been done, it was found that: (1) the strategy used by the student to solve the HOT problem was obtained from the internet; (2) there are errors when student applied the strategy that has been obtained in solving the HOT problem; (3) the student have difficulties when solving HOT problem in the same way. The results of this analysis are expected to provide a little description for educational activists related to the solving of HOT problem by students.
Improving Students’ Mathematical Problem Posing Ability Using PACE Model
Authors: Afrilianto M , Sabandar J , Wahyudin
Published: October 2019

Mathematical problem posing ability is considered as a necessity for students to support their learning achievement. Some students are good at mathematical problem posing ability; some others are not. To foster mathematical problem posing in students, it is required that an innovative learning model is applied. From so many innovative learning models, one that is considered appropriate to increase the mathematical problem posing of the student is project-activity-cooperative learning-exercise learning model. This is an experimental study using pretest and posttest control groups design. The instrument used tests. The research was conducted in three regular classes of 5th-semester students of mathematics education who involved in a calculus course at IKIP Siliwangi, at a local university in Cimahi. A total of 123 students, comprises three classes A1, A2, and A3. A purposive sampling technique was used to collect data. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that there exists a different in the improvement of student’s mathematical problem posing ability among those who received PACE model with GeoGebra (PACE-G), PACE model, and direct learning.
Development of basic school mathematic teaching materials to improve the analysis ability of primary teacher education students on innovative learning models
Authors: Rabbani S , Ruqoyyah S , Murni S
Published: October 2019

The background of this study is the lack of ability of PGSD Siliwangi PGSD students to analyze innovative mathematics learning models. The purpose of this study was to improve the analysis and implementation skills of PGSD students regarding creative mathematics learning. The specific target to be achieved in this study is the formation of appropriate and efficient teaching materials in the implementation of elementary school mathematics learning internships. This study uses a quantitative approach and uses a quasi-experimental method. The population in this study were primary teacher education students of IKIP Siliwangi, while the sample consisted from 70 students are divided into 35 students in class A1 class of 2017 as an experimental group and 35 most students in class A2 class 2017 as a control group. The instrument used consisted of a written test regarding learning models, innovative, observation, and interviews. The results show that there is an increased ability to analyze student by using model-model innovative learning better than usual learning.
Mathematical literacy skill of students of Pisa type in the context of coconut
Authors: Utari A , Zulkardi
Published: October 2019

Indonesia has experienced the improvement of the result of PISA despite its lower result besides other countries. Therefore, the result of this study is to find out the mathematical literacy ability of students in using PISA model questions in the context of coconut. This article also describes the ability of students in solving mathematical problems in the context of coconut. This is design research with two development studies types, namely preliminary and formative evaluation, which includes self-evaluation, expert reviews, one to one, small group, and field test. Based on the result of the analysis, the researcher showed that in solving the mathematical problem of PISA model in the context of a coconut tree, students mostly utilized to choose a strategy in solving the problem and communication ability.
Improving of mathematical proficiency and disposition using multi representation approach on vocational students
Authors: Hutajulu M , Minarti E D , Senjayawati E
Published: October 2019

This study aims to examine the achievement and improvement of mathematical proficiency and disposition of vocational students using multi-representation approach. The method used in this study is a quasi-experimental method. The population in this study were all students of class XI in one of the vocational schools in the city of Cimahi, while the sample was chosen by two classes, 1 control class that used the usual approach, one class again, the experimental class using a multi-representation approach. The instruments used were in a set of mathematical proficiency and non-test in aset of a questionnaire to measure students’ mathematical dispositions. All data processing used SPSS. Based on the results of data processing, it was concluded that mathematical proficiency and mathematical disposition of vocational students whose learning using a multi-representation approach were better than the usual approach.
Enhancing students’ mathematical connection by brain based learning model
Authors: Yulian V N , Hayati N
Published: October 2019

Students’ mathematical connection is one of ability that students must have. However, one of the reasons that student’s mathematical connection is still poor is the lack of enthusiasm of students while learning mathematics, and learning that does not give flexibility to students to empower the brain. Therefore, it is necessary to have an alternative learning that can develop students’ mathematical connection. The purpose of this study is to find out students’ enhancement in mathematical connecting ability who worked under brain-based learning model and students’ who worked under expository learning model and the effect of brain based learning model on enhancing mathematical connection ability. This study used a quasi-experimental method. The subject in this research was 49 students from 2 classes in one of junior high schools, in Subang, West Java, selected by applying purposive sampling technique. The instruments used were mathematical connection test and attitude scale. Based on the results it was concluded that: (1) students’ enhancement in mathematical connecting ability who worked under brain-based learning model is higher than that of students’ who worked under expository learning model; and (2) the students’ who worked under brain-based learning model showed positive attitude toward mathematics lesson.
Spatial ability of student in construct volume of the solid of revolution graphic
Authors: Kusumaningrum Betty , Irfan Muhammad , Agustito Denik , Wijayanto Zainnur , Ratih Zuida
Published: October 2019

Visualization ability (spatial ability) is needed in understanding integral calculus. This article discusses changes in the spatial ability of a student in constructing graphs of functions to determine the volume of the solid of revolution after obtaining treatment. The treatment is in the form of questions that encourage the subject to be able to construct the graph correctly. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with a single subject. The subject in this study was 6th semester student of mathematics education study program at one of the private universities in Yogyakarta. The selection of a subject from 44 students was done by giving a question about the volume of the solid of revolution. The subject is asked to constructing the solid of revolution graphic and determine its volume using integral. The selection of subjects by purposive random sampling based on the uniqueness of the answers to the problems given and good communication skills. The results of the study show that giving treatment can help increase a student’s spatial ability gradually. Before getting treatment, a subject is still not right in constructing volume of the solid of revolution graphic. After getting treatment, there is a gradual change in spatial ability.
Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) in predicting student performance factors in mathematics education department at Muhammadiyah University of Prof. DR. Hamka
Authors: Alyani Fitri , Nurafni
Published: October 2019

The research was conducted at University Muhammadiyah of Prof. Dr. Hamka, Jakarta which involved three years academic level students (2012, 2014, 2015) at mathematics education department that have taken seven compulsory subjects. The students’ performance consisted of mid test, final test and GPA meanwhile, the factors which influenced the students’ achievement were gender and education background. This research study, there were seven variables which consisted of independent and dependent variables. Structural Equation Modelling was conducted to analyse the final model in predicting influenced factors of GPA. This research study used SmartPLS software to analyze contribution of each variables to the final outcome and dependent variable. The results of the study provide that gender was significantly influence their performance on their GPA. Education background were not directly influence their achievement in GPA but through mid test. The result study showed that final test was influenced by mid test score.
Students’ mathematical argumentation ability in determining arguments or not arguments
Authors: Indrawatiningsih N , Purwanto  , As’ari A R , Sa’dijah C , Dwiyana
Published: October 2019

Someone who has critical thinking ability can use the exact criteria to evaluate an argument. This engages critical thinking to determine whether a claim or an argument which has been given is correct or not and whether the sentence which has been given is included an argument or not. To determine it, there must be clear evidence and logic explanation. The aim of this study is to investigate the argument in critical thinking ability. The students are asked to determine whether the information which has been given by the researcher is included an argument or not and give the reason. The information that is given by the researcher is in the form of triangle congruent evidence. The subject is the students in mathematics education who consist two people with criteria moderate (female student) and high academic ability (male student). This study is descriptive qualitative research. This result study was the student who had high academic ability was still not able to analyze more detail about an argument so he was called he did not have critical thinking ability. While the student who had moderate academic ability had been able to analyze that the information which was given was included an argument or not and was able to justify it so it could be concluded that she had critical thinking ability. It could decipherable that the student who had high academic ability was not sure understood about an argument.
Junior high school students’ mathematical creative thinking ability based on gender differences in plane and solid geometry subjects
Authors: Purwasih R , Anita I W , Afrilianto M
Published: October 2019

Mathematical creative thinking is the ability of students to find solving ways that are unusual, unique, and have never been found by others. The development of the concept of mathematical creative thinking can make students despair and give up, so that another ability is needed so that they are able to survive and turn their difficulties to be opportunities for themselves to advance. This study aims to determine the mathematical creative thinking ability of class VIII junior high school students in one of the junior high schools in Bandung Barat on the subject to construct plane and solid geometry based on gender differences. The samples are 4 students consisting of two men and two women. Besides that, the discussion of mathematical creative thinking skills for junior high school students is viewed from gender differences, between male and female students in terms of their creative thinking abilities. The instrument of this research is a test of the ability to think creatively and interview. This study is a descriptive qualitative research that aims to describe the ability of creative thinking mathematically in solving problems of plane and solid geometry. The results show that the ability difference between male and female students is that the female students have much better mathematical creative thinking. In addition to gender factors, other factors can also influence the achievement of creative thinking skills; namely, students and teachers’ readiness to learn, students’ basic abilities and knowledge of mathematical concepts. Male students are more detailed in explaining the shape of each space given to the problem.
Mathematical literacy skills students of the junior high school in term of gender differences
Authors: Prabawati M , Herman T , Turmudi
Published: October 2019

Having good mathematical literacy skills is expected to help students solve problems related to mathematics. The focus of mathematics literacy skills on students is the ability to analyze, justify, and communicate ideas effectively, formulate, solve and interpret mathematical problems in various forms and situations. This study aims to describe students’ mathematical literacy skills seen from gender differences. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach with case studies. The study subjects consisted of two male students and two female students from junior high school students. Data was collected through analysis of student work results and interviews.. Students are asked to convey what they are thinking when solving problems in a given mathematical literacy test. After students finish getting the solution from the problem, the researcher classifies the students’ answers and analyzes them. Furthermore, the data obtained are grouped and analyzed according to indicators of mathematical literacy skills. Male students have good results from each indicator in mathematical literacy ability, namely in the first indicator of the sixth indicator, while for female students have good mathematical literacy skills for the first indicator, second indicator, third indicator, fourth indicator and sixth indicator, except for the fifth indicator, female students have sufficient mathematical literacy skills.
Novel Cu2O gas sensor prepared by potentiostatic electrodeposition on IDE electrodes
Authors: Mikolasek M , Meri J , Chymo F , Ondrejka P , Rehacek V , Predanocy M , Kostic I , Hotovy I
Published: October 2019

This paper introduces a new approach for preparation a gas sensor based on the potentiostatic electrodeposition of Cu2O on interdigitated electrodes. Four Cu2O gas sensors with different deposition charges were prepared from lactate-stabilized copper sulphate on Au IDE electrodes. Prepared sensors were characterised by scanning electron microscopy and electrical measurements in the air and H2ambient. It was found that the key aspect for high gas sensitivity is to achieve an appropriate rate of crystal interconnection between IDE electrodes. Low deposition charge results in an air gap between IDE electrodes, while high deposition charge causes strong, bulk-like interconnection of Cu2O crystals. The low rate of Cu2O interconnection formed by connection of individual crystals, where the conductance is affected by the surface area of the crystals, is shown as a most appropriate sensor. The sensitivity of 3.75 to 1000 ppm H2concentration and 200 °C operation temperature is achieved for the optimised Cu2O based IDE sensor.
Adsorption and detection of microparticles using silicon microcantilevers
Authors: Ombati Nyang’au W , Hamdana G , Setiono A , Bertke M , Xu J , Fahrbach M , Puranto P , Wasisto H S , Peiner E
Published: October 2019

This paper presents a droplet-based method for detecting the mass of fluid-based microparticles. The degree of wettability on silicon-based substrates is therefore investigated for enhanced adsorption of microparticles. Contact angles of 47.3° (pre-treatment) and below 9° (enhanced hydrophilicity upon oxygen plasma treatment) have been realized. Segments of mono-layered particles on the substrate and the possibility of homogenous distribution are also demonstrated. The volume and the surface-contact area of droplets on the substrate have been determined, hence empowering an envisaged optimized design of a particle-well cantilever. The determination of the mass of adsorbed microparticles on the cantilever has also been investigated.