bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zengî ve Fâtımîlerin Eyyûbîlerin Kuruluş Devri Askerî Teşkilatlanmasındaki Yeri
Authors: KELEŞ Mahmut Recep
Published: June 2022

Eyyûbîler’in XII ve XIII. yüzyıllarda Mısır başta olmak üzere Yemen, Suriye, el-Cezire ve Güneydoğu Anadolu’da bir asra yakın sürdürmüş oldukları hâkimiyet, Ortadoğu’da kendisinden sonra gelen devletlerin de kaderini değiştirmiştir. Eyyûbî Devleti’nin kurucusu sayılan Selâhaddîn-i Eyyûbî kendisini yetiştiren ve önemli görevler veren Nûreddin Zengî’nin vefatıyla birlikte onun mirasını korumak maksadıyla harekete geçmiş ve bunu başta kendi ailesinin tamamının yanında durması ve Türkmen boyları ve Kürt aşiretlerinin destekleriyle önemli ölçüde gerçekleştirebilmiştir. Selâhaddîn-i Eyyûbî amcası Şirkûh’un ölümünden sonra Fâtimî halifesi Âdıd Li-Dînillâh’ın veziri olmuş ve o vefat edene kadar başta Nûreddin Zengî ve Abbasi halifesi olmak üzere oluşturmuş oldukları baskıya rağmen Fâtımî devletine resmî olarak son vermemiştir. Halife Âdıd Li-Dinillâh’ın ölümüyle birlikte Fâtımî devletini nihayete erdirse de idarî ve askerî kurumlarını tamamen feshetmemiştir. Selâhaddîn-i Eyyûbî’nin Fâtimî veziri olarak görev yaptığı ilk üç yıllık döneminde kendisiyle birlikte hareket eden Fâtımî bürokratlara kurmuş olduğu Eyyûbî Devletinde de görevler vermeye devam etmiş ve onların idari tecrübelerinden istifade etmeye özel önem vermiştir. Selâhaddîn-i Eyyûbî kendisinin yetişmiş olduğu Zengî Devleti bürokrasisi ve askerî teşkilatını Fatîmî bürokrasisi ve askerî teşkilatıyla mezc ederek orijinal bir idarî-askerî yapılanma yoluna gitmiş olup özellikle Haçlı ve diğer isyancı gruplara yönelik yapmış olduğu savaşlarda bu yeni yapının etkisi müspet anlamda devletin tüm kademelerinde görülmüştür.
A Study on the Inclusion of Geosynthetic to Clayey Soil Improved using Stone Column
Authors: Abishikth S L  , Prof. Sudha A R
Published: June 2022

Stone column technique is an economical and environmentally friendly method used to improve the load settlement of problematic soils. Geosynthetics used for increasing bearing capacity and permeability of soil, reducing settlement of soil. Stone column with geotextile is placed horizontally and encapsulated in the soil and find the settlement done in by applying the load in the plate load test. The studiesshows that the settlement is lower for horizontally placed geotextile when compared to the settlement for encapsulated geotextile in the stone column. Improvement can be done by increasing the stiffness of the geotextile which increases the load bearing capacity of the soil. In the experimental programmed, we prove that the stone column with horizontally placed geotextile has high safe bearing capacity and low settlement. Geotextiles can be used in both vertical and horizontal applications to help solve drainage problems around the home and along the roads. For protection, geotextiles can be used to absorb stress and thus reduce or prevent damage and erosion in geotechnical structures. Stone column with Geosynthetic which ultimately increases the load bearing capacity of the stone column and prevents bulging.
Design and Development of Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Applications
Authors: Prajakta Awatade  , Ketaki Deshpande  , Nasreen Shaikh  , Snehal Abhangrao
Published: June 2022

The plan of microstrip Antenna with conservative size is recommended for remote correspondence. the microstrip recieving wire is a minimized variety of customary microstrip radio wire. The electromagnetically coupled feed from the lower layer is utilized to energize the proposed recieving wire. The full recurrence of the proposed recieving wire is lower than that of the customary microstrip recieving wire of same actual size. The addition of the recieving wire can be expanded by utilizing a parasitic component over the fundamental radiator and fixed with the spacer of ideal level. The reenactment investigation of different boundaries of the planned recieving wire is finished in Advance Design System electromagnetic EM test system.
Ashtanga Yoga for General Well Being
Authors: Prof. Bijendra Singh
Published: June 2022

Yoga is an Indian philosophy systematized in the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali approximately 2000 years ago as a global life style approach consisting of eight interrelated components. The first component consists of ethical behavior prescriptions toward others (e.g. non-harming) and the second consists of rules of conduct toward the self (e.g. discipline). The third is the practice of physical poses or asana. The fourth is a controlled breathing practice. The fifth consists of controlling sensory input. The following three components are increasingly more advanced levels of meditative practice. Specifically, the sixth component consists of practicing sustained concentration or focused attention on one object. The seventh is a state of absorption in which the entire perceptual flow is directed toward the object. The eighth and final component is a state of integration in which the object is seen as indivisible from the self . The goal of regularly practicing these eight components is to calm the restlessness of the mind so that mental activity can be directed into productive channels and mental pain can be alleviated (Iyengar 1966). Contemporary yoga practices primarily focus on asana, controlled breathing and meditation, with various degrees of emphasis on each of these components (National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health 2016). Yoga incorporating asana, or asana-based yoga, includes traditional practices such as Hatha, Iyengar, Sivananda and Ashtanga.
Face Authentication in Chat Application using Cryptography
Authors: Supriya B C  , Thanuja K  , Thanuja R  , Prof. Prathibha R
Published: June 2022

Data plays a vital role in the world of computer network. There are many platforms to share data between a group of devices or individual or a group of peoples. Every person in the community needs him Information to keep safe from a third party. Here we have created a simple chat application with face authentication that can be used once to view end-to-end encryption authentication and shared message. This takes credentials to register and requires Face snap to authenticate the user. There are face snaps. Trained using the KNN Classifier. These face snaps are classified using the Haar cascade classifier algorithm for detection. User's face can be identified and logged in only if the user matches the credentials and can send messages. The receiving user is identified and the message is viewed.
Customer Lifetime Value Prediction
Authors: H S Yashaswini  , Prabhudeva S
Published: June 2022

In this era of Internet, there are many lots of retailers in the e-commerce industry for whom the customers are assets. E-commerce means buying and selling the products through Internet in online mode. E-commerce established many employment opportunities to the people from anywhere because there is no direct interaction between the seller and the buyer. Many people are purchasing things using this e-commerce application. There are many e-commerce websites available for the customers. So the Retailers want to analyze their relationship with the customers so that they can produce or buy the goods according to their requirements. However, this work mainly focuses on predicting the customer lifetime value (CLV) using Beta-Geometric/Negative Binomial Distribution Model (BG\NBD) and Gamma-Gamma Model.
Effective Heart Disease Diagnosis Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Sumanth M  , Adarsh M J
Published: June 2022

Heart disorders, also known as Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs), are one of the world's worst problems. They are invisible and strike without warning when the body's limits are reached. Every day, the health-care business generates a vast amount of data about patients and conditions. Researchers and workers, on the other hand, do not make proper use of this information. The healthcare sector today is rich in data but deficient in competence. There are a variety of data processing and machine learning approaches and tools available for extracting useful information from databases and using that information to make more accurate predictions and decisions. The main idea of this research paper is to summarize recent research on heart disease prediction with comparative results, as well as to draw analytical conclusions and reduce the amount of attributes utilized in heart disease diagnosis, which may result in fewer tests being required. that a patient must undergo. Our effort also aims to improve the proposed system's efficiency. Electrocardiograms are a non-invasive and low-cost approach to diagnose cardiac problems (ECG).
A Study of Decimal Place Value System in Ancient Indian Mathematics
Authors: Vijay P Sangale  , Govardhan K Sanap
Published: June 2022

The aim of this article is to overview of ancient Indian Mathematics in respect of decimal place value system. The base ten system is not much different than other number systems. It is called the Hindu Arabic system. The digits were started to appear in India a few centuries before Christ. The decimal system emerged as we know it in 825 in a book by Arabian mathematician al-Khwarizmi. Fibonacci popularized it in Europe around 1200. The earliest evidence of decimal place value system in India and south east Asia is from the middle of the first millennium CE. The written evidence in a decimal place value notation was found on the copper plate from Gujarat, India in the date 595 CE. The decimal numerals recording have also been found in stone inscriptions in Indonesia and Cambodia in the years 683 CE, where Indian cultural influence was substantial.
Hybrid Charging Station
Authors: Nikhil R. Bisen  , Chaitanya D. Pandharam  , Devendra J. Chaudhari  , Akhilesh S. Fasate  , Mithilesh Jethmalaani  , Shruti M. Charde
Published: June 2022

A hybrid micro grid-powered charging station reduces transmission losses with better power flow control in the modern power system. However, the uncoordinated charging of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) with the hybrid micro grid results in ineffective utilization of the renewable energy sources connected to the charging station. Furthermore, planned development of upcoming charging stations includes a multiport charging facility, which will cause overloading of the utility grid. The project works on (1) the energy management strategy and converter control of multiport BEV charging from a photovoltaic (PV) source and its effective utilization; (2) maintenance of the DC bus voltage irrespective of the utility grid overloading, which is caused by either local load or the meagerness of PV power through its energy storage unit (ESU). In addition, the charge controller provides closed loop charging through constant current and voltage, and this reduces the charging time. The aim of an energy management strategy is to minimize the usage of utility grid power and store PV power when the vehicle is not connected for charging. To balance the load demand, the proposed system is connected to the grid through a three-phase bidirectional DC-AC (alternating current) inverter. The obtained results show that the proposed renewable charging mechanism is suitable for EV charging thus help creating pollution free environment.
A Study on Employee’s Attrition with Reference to Big Bazaar
Authors: Ms. Ilakkiya T
Published: June 2022

This study is undergone to understand the employee’s attrition and employee’s satisfaction with the company as well as with the current industry scenario. The topic widely focuses on the employee relationship between the company and the customer. This involves identifying the problem of the employee so that the solution for the problem can encounter the remedies and hence helps the company to improve the overall relationship with the employees. In the introduction, an overview is given about the term attrition and then the overall objectives of the study is followed which is to study the employees attrition and the solution are given in the findings and suggestions. The suggestions that are provided encloses the overall improvement for the company and hence the study is concluded that if the company tries to follow the given recommendations and suggestions the company can improve their overall performance in the future as well as it can develop the overall relationship with the employees.
KPSS Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenlik Alan Bilgisi Testi’ne (ÖABT) Katılanların Deneyimleri
Authors: DERE İlker , DEMİRCİ Emine
Published: June 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sosyal bilgiler öğretmen ve adaylarının “Öğretmenlik Alan Bilgisi Testi”ne ilişkin algı ve deneyimlerini belirlemektir. Araştırmada olgubilim türlerinden biri olan betimleyici fenomonoloji deseni tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu daha önce Öğretmenlik Alan Bilgisi Testi’ne katılan 14 katılımcı (7 kadın, 7 erkek) oluşturmuştur. Katılımcılar, ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Bu kapsamda katılımcılarda 2013-2020 yılları arasında ÖABT’ye katılma deneyimi aranmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, içerik analizi yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, adayların Öğretmenlik Alan Bilgisi Testine ilişkin bazı olumlu ve olumsuz algı ve deneyimlerinin olduğunu göstermektedir. İlk olarak adayların sınava hazırlanmak için daha çok özel öğretim kurslarını tercih ettikleri tespit edilmiştir. İkincisi, katılımcıların sınava hazırlanırken yararlandıkları kaynaklar arasında; konu anlatım kitapları, eğitim siteleri, soru bankaları, makaleler, açıköğretim yayınları, denemeler, MEB ders kitapları, sosyal medya, elektronik kitaplar, dijital sözlükler ve belgesellerin yer aldığı görülmüştür. Üçüncüsü, katılımcılardan ÖABT derslerini oluşturan “tarih, coğrafya, siyaset bilimi, diğer sosyal bilim dalları ve alan eğitimi” derslerini değerlendirmeleri istenmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda katılımcılar, soruların çok ayrıntılı olduğuna, diğer sosyal bilim dallarında çok fazla dersin bulunduğuna ve konu sınırlarının belirsizliğine dikkat çekmişlerdir. Son olarak katılımcıların mesleki yeterlilik ve becerileri ölçme konusunda ÖABT’yi başarılı bulmadıkları görülmüştür.
1970’lerdeki İç Göç Olgusunun Türk Sinemasındaki Bazı İzleri
Authors: GÖK Hasan
Published: June 2022

Göç kavramı en temel haliyle bir yerden başka bir yere taşınmak, hareket etmek anlamında tanımlanabilir. Tüm insanlık tarihinde etkisini gösteren bu hareketin pek çok türü olması sebebiyle araştırmayı daha özele indirgemek için konu Türkiye’deki iç göç hareketiyle sınırlı tutulmuştur. İç göçü etkileyen farklı etmenler olmakla birlikte gerçekleşen hareket hem göç veren hem de göç alan yerlerde birçok toplumsal sorunu meydana getirmiştir. Bu açıklamalar bağlamında temel amaç; sosyolojik bir olgu olarak iç göç hareketinin nedenleri ve sonuçlarıyla birlikte özellikle dönemin toplumsal havasını analiz etmektir. Bu analiz yapılırken bilimsel çalışmalardan yararlanılacak olup konuyu tamamen farklı bir açıdan yaklaşmak adına konuyla doğrudan alakalı olduğunu düşündüğümüz, dönemin toplumsal yapısını sergileyen Türk Filmlerine yer vererek iç göç olgusunun beyaz perdedeki tezahürlerini saptamak istedik. Bu açıklamalar bağlamında sosyolojik bir analiz ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır.
Soil quality in garlic crops under agroecological transition at Río Negro, Argentina
Authors:   Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Avilés Lucrecia , Gajardo Ariel ,   Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Navarro Laura ,   Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Canón Silvia ,   Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida
Published: June 2022

ntroduction: Agroecological transition is the adoption of different practices that tend towards sustainable agriculture, among which the substitution of synthetic inputs by alternative or organic ones stands out. Objective: To evaluate the changes in the physicochemical and biological quality of soils fertilized with onion residue compost and cattle manure in a garlic crop. Methodology: Three sources of fertilization were tested in a garlic crop with gravity irrigation: 1) compost of onion residues with cattle manure, 2) monoammonium phosphate and 3) compost and monoammonium phosphate. Five soil samples were taken on different dates and soil respiration, esterase and dehydrogenase activity, and fertility were determined. Results: Similar garlic yields were obtained with the different fertilization sources. In composted soils, electrical conductivity and sodium absorption ratio decreased, but increased until reaching similar values to the soil that received mineral fertilization. Limitations of the study: The agroecological transition proposal is sustainable if compost production is carried out on the same site. Originality: The use of compost from onion production residues and cattle manure is proposed as an alternative for the reduction of synthetic inputs in the production of morado garlic. Conclusions: The use of composted residues from the previous cycles production proved to be a sustainable alternative for the agroecological transition of morado garlic crops with gravity irrigation in the lower valley of Río Negro.
Soil moisture depletion rates on sunflower yield
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Relación Agua-Suelo-Planta-Atmósfera, Inzunza-Ibarra Marco Antonio , Sánchez-Cohen Ignacio ,   Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Relación Agua-Suelo-Planta-Atmósfera, Jiménez-Jiménez Sergio Iván ,   Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Relación Agua-Suelo-Planta-Atmósfera, Catalán-Valencia Ernesto Alonso ,   Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Relación Agua-Suelo-Planta-Atmósfera, Marcial-Pablo Mariana de Jesús ,   Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Relación Agua-Suelo-Planta-Atmósfera
Published: June 2022

ntroduction: Optimizing the irrigation water resource is essential due to its scarcity, so it is therefore important to consider efficient crops such as sunflower. Objective: To estimate the sunflower grain yield at different levels of available soil moisture depletion to estimate water use efficiency (WUE) of the crop under different water conditions. Methodology: Seven treatments resulting from four soil moisture levels (40, 60, 60, 80 and 100 % of available soil moisture [ASM] and two periods of sunflower growth (from emergence to the beginning of flowering [first stage] and from flowering to physiological maturity [second stage]). Results: The highest grain yield (5.5 t·ha-1) and WUE of (0.922 kg·m-3) were recorded in the 60-60 % ASM treatment in the first and second stages of sunflower development, and by consuming 62.8 cm of water. Limitations of the study: The results should not be extrapolated to conditions outside the study levels. Originality: To generate research methodologies to quantify, in a more realistic way, the relationship of yields with crop water requirements. Conclusions: The highest WUE in sunflower (0.922 kg·m-3) was recorded when it consumed 31.4 and 28.12 cm of water, with 58.8 and 60.5 % of ASM in the first and second stages, respectively, which was similar to the 60-60 % treatment.
Physicochemical and antifungal properties of active gelatin-carboxymethylcellulose films with coconut shell extract
Authors:   Instituto Politécnico Nacional,, Vargas-Torrico Maria Fernanda , Borries-Medrano Erich von ,   Instituto Politécnico Nacional,, Valle-Guadarrama Salvador ,   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Aguilar-Méndez Miguel Ángel ,   Instituto Politécnico Nacional,
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The formulation of bioactive packaging represents an innovative alternative to control the development of microorganisms affecting the shelf life of foods. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a coconut shell extract added to gelatincarboxymethylcellulose biopolymeric films on their physicochemical and antifungal properties to determine their potential use as packaging material for fruit and vegetable products. Methodology: Gelatin-carboxymethylcellulose films were prepared with different concentrations of coconut shell extract and their thickness, mechanical (puncture force and tensile strength), physical (water vapor permeability) and microstructural properties, color, FTIR, UV light transmittance, opacity and in vitro antifungal activity were determined. Results: Changes in mechanical, physical and microstructural properties were observed depending on the concentration of the extract. The color was modified by the effect of the extract, with higher opacity and lower light transmittance as its concentration increased. Intermolecular interactions between the biopolymers and the extract components were observed in the FTIR spectra. In vitro tests showed inhibitory capacity on the growth of Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus stolonifer. Limitations of the study: The effect of the coconut shell additive only applies to the extraction conditions used. Originality: There are no studies supporting the antifungal capacity of coconut shell extract added to biopolymer films. Conclusions: Active gelatin-carboxymethylcellulose films with antifungal activity were reported. The physical and structural properties of the films make them suitable for use as packaging material for fruit and vegetable products.
The impact of vegetation cover on soil erosion and soil deposition due to runoff
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Pedroza-Parga Ernesto , Velásquez-Valle Miguel Agustín ,   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Pedroza-Sandoval Aurelio ,   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Sánchez-Cohen Ignacio ,   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Yáñez-Chávez Luis Gerardo ,   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo
Published: June 2022

Introduction: In arid regions, soil losses are caused by torrential rainfall events and by the erosive energy of runoff. Objectives: To quantify the impact of the use of different types of vegetation cover on soil erosion and soil deposition caused by overland flow. Methodology: The experiment was carried out from July to September 2017 under a randomized block experimental design with three replications. The treatments evaluated were maize harvest residues and buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) sowing (MHR + G), maize harvest residues (MHR), buffel grass sowing (G), and the control (C). Results: The MHR + G treatment reduced erosion by 44 % (26.3 t·ha-1) compared to the control (58.6 t·ha-1). Soil deposition was 47.6 and 51.7 t·ha-1 with MHR + G and G, respectively, while in C was 26.1 t·ha-1. Limitations of the study: The results found are valid for the soil and water conditions of this study Originality: There are few technical and scientific reports on the behavior of soil particle removal and deposition processes under runoff conditions. Conclusions: The layer thickness of soil removed and deposited, under overland flow conditions, depends on the type of soil cover. The MHR + G treatment significantly reduced soil erosion, making it a viable alternative.
ANALISIS HUKUM PENGGUNAAN SURAT KUASA YANG MELEBIHI TUJUANNYA (Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor 1189K/Pdt/2017 dan Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Cibinong Nomor 104//Pdt.G/2012/Pn. Cbn.)
Authors: Surbakti Raskita J.F.
Published: June 2022

Misuse of power of attorney in a civil case includes, among other things, if the power of attorney contains beyond the limit of authority granted by the power of attorney to the recipient of the power of attorney, so that the power of attorney can be used to commit a legal act that is inconsistent with or deviates from the intention or purpose of the person giving the power of attorney. power. The power of attorney is often a problem in view of the restrictions, legal consequences and protections that connect with third parties. The problem of power in this thesis is reviewed based on the decision No. 104 / PDT.G / 2012 / PN.Cbn and Decision Number 1189K / Pdt / 2017. The formulation of the research problem is: discussing the regulation of limiting the provision of power of attorney based on civil law in Indonesia, due to the legal agreement of the beneficiary that exceeds his authority and legal protection of third parties who suffer losses due to the use of a power of attorney beyond their authority The type of research used in this thesis is normative legal research, the nature of the research used is descriptive analytical research.

This study uses library data collection techniques (library research). The data analysis used in this thesis research is qualitative data analysis. The limitations on granting power of attorney in the Civil Code are seen in Article 1794 to Article 1798 of the Civil Code which explains the granting of power based on what the giver is responsible for with the substance of the power of attorney's wages, form of power, power of attorney, provisions for exercising power of attorney and whoever can receive power.

Decision Number 1189K / Pdt / 2017, the power of attorney even in the form of apparent power of attorney made based on the receivables of the power of attorney is not allowed by the court to make a sale and purchase deed based on a power of attorney against him even though the power of attorney has a debt against him Decision No. 104 / PDT.G / 2012 / PN.Cbn explained that in relation to the legal position based on the results of the court punishing the power of attorney to return what is the right of the power of attorney is a form of proof of the power to bind the power of attorney as a form of agreement. The agreement that has been agreed upon is only to offer and find a buyer but is carried out in fact selling the object of the dispute. Third party protection is obtained based on Article 1491 of the Civil Code which reads: "The coverage which is the obligation of the seller to the buyer is to guarantee two things, namely: first, control of the goods being sold in a safe and secure manner; second, for the existence of hidden defects in the goods, or in such a way as to issue a reason for the cancellation of the purchase ”.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI GURU YANG MANGALAMI PENGADUAN AKIBAT TINDAKAN GURU SAAT MENJALANKAN PROFESI MENGAJAR
Authors: Nanang  , Manullang Herlina , July Esther
Published: June 2022

Legal protection for teachers is interpreted as efforts made by the government to protect teachers and other education personnel in carrying out their professional duties, both protection in legal, welfare, professional and social aspects. Through research conducted in a normative juridical manner, this study concludes that legal protection for teachers in the education process related to violent crimes has been fully regulated in various laws such as Law Number 14 of 2005 concerning Teachers and Lecturers and Government Regulation Number 74 of 2008 About Teachers. Where it is explained in the two laws that punishment and sanctions are given to students with the aim of teaching by the teacher not to be a violent crime. Legal protection for teachers in the educational process related to acts of violence in the education sector should be implemented using a penal policy and a non-penal policy. The use of this policy by looking at the factors and background of criminal acts in the field of education occurred, especially by considering the objectives of the teaching process carried out by teachers.
Upadacitinib (Rinvoq)
Authors: CADTH
Published: June 2022

CADTH recommends that Rinvoq be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of adults and adolescents 12 years of age and older with refractory moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) if certain conditions are met.

Rinvoq should only be covered to treat patients who have previously tried and are refractory to, or who are ineligible or cannot tolerate, the highest tolerated dose of topical treatments for AD combined with phototherapy (where available), and at least 1 of methotrexate, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, or azathioprine.

Rinvoq should only be reimbursed if prescribed by a dermatologist, allergist, clinical immunologist, or pediatrician, and the cost of Rinvoq is reduced.
Health System Readiness Report: The Availability of Privately Funded IV Infusion Clinics in Canada
Authors: Baddeley Ashley
Published: June 2022

The number of IV infusion therapies approved in Canada is on the rise, with several in the pipeline for potential future approval.

To assess Canadian health system readiness to implement these new drugs, CADTH has conducted a web search to determine the locations of privately funded IV infusion clinics across the country.

To our knowledge, this is the first inventory of private IV infusion clinic locations in Canada.

Understanding the scope and scale of private infusion clinic availability will be of value to decision-makers who are funding and implementing new IV treatments.

Moving forward, a coordinated system for tracking, maintaining, and communicating IV infusion clinic information across the country is required.
Technical Efficiency Changes at the Farm Level: A panel Data Analysis of Wheat Farms in Northern Highland Region, Republic of Yemen
Authors: Alsururi Ali Abdul Majeed
Published: June 2022

This study is additional knowledge for the production of wheat, as more a food crop consumption and less productive in Yemen and with the aim of increasing production of it to access or approach the self-sufficiency, Where the study aimed to test the efficiency of technological changes on the level of wheat farms in the region of North Highlands in the Republic of Yemen over a period of fifteen years (1996 to 2010) using North Highlands region panel data. Results from the stochastic production frontier analysis indicate that all inputs included in the model were positively significant; the average annual rate of technological change for wheat was 5% at decreasing rate, while average technical efficiency of wheat has slightly increased from 73.7% to 74.1% over this period due to improved performance of farms as well as socio-economic factors as farm size, family size, Age, education, fragmentation and time. Age, fragmentation and time are factors negatively influencing technical efficiency while the relationship with farm size, family size and education are positive. Under the current production techniques and the use of agricultural inputs, there is a possibility to increase wheat production by 26%. Policy recommendations include consolidation of land and strengthening of agricultural research, extension services, improved seeds and supporting institutions for agricultural production.
Using an Extended Technology Acceptance Model to Explore Factors Affecting Online Shopping Intention in Developing Countries: A field Study of Kuwait
Authors: Al-Shammari Eiman Tamah
Published: June 2022

This paper applies an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to assess the Behavioral Intention (BI) of Kuwaiti consumers to shop online. Reliability analysis was performed to validate the research model and to analyze the research data. Regression analysis was also used to assess the direct effect of variables such as Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU) and Perceived Usefulness (PU) on (BI). Results showed that (PEOU) has a positive direct effect on Kuwaiti consumer’s (PU) of online shopping, and (PEOU) and (PU) significantly predicted the (BI) of Kuwaiti consumers to shop online. Other factors that were significant determinants of (BI) included Customer Satisfaction (CS), Perceived Online Risk (POR), and age.
Allelopathic Impact of Rhazya stricta Dence and Artemisia monosperma Delile on Plant Growth and the Structural Colonization of AM Fungi
Authors: Al-Qarawi Abdulaziz Abdullah , Abdullah Elsied Fathi , Al-Shahrani Thbit Safer , Alzain Mashail N.
Published: June 2022

The present study was conducted to evaluate the allelopathic potential of two invasive plants namely Rhazya stricta and Artemisia monosperma on the growth of Zea mays (agricultural plant) and Lasiurus scindicus (range plant) inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The results indicated that the leaf aqueous extract (10%; 30%; 50%, w/v) of both R. stricta and A. monosperma caused gradual allelopathic effects on plant height, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and structural colonization of AM fungi of both the agricultural and range plants. However, the higher concentration of plant extract (50%, w/v) caused stimulatory effect in plant growth parameters and structural colonization of AM fungi. Also, the root exudates of the invasive plants have reported similar allelopathic impact against the morphological characters of both R. stricta and A. monosperma and their structural colonization of AM fungi. The mycorrhizal spore count, most probable number of propagules and inoculums potential in the soil of the invasive plants were less as compared with control.
First Successful Isolation and Cultivation of Dunaliella salina (Dunal) Teodoresco from a Hypersaline Lagoon, Kingdom of Bahrain
Authors: Hazeem Layla
Published: June 2022

The halotolerant species Dunaliella salina is known to contain valuable products such as glycerol, β- carotene and unsaturated fatty acids. The commercial cultivation of Dunaliella for the production of β-carotene is now very successful in many areas of the world. A successful attempt to isolate and cultivate this species from a hypersaline lagoon located in the Southern part of Bahrain has been made in 2009. Growth rate and chlorophyll a and b concentrations were measured under controlled conditions. Mass production of D. salina for commercial reasons can be greatly implemented in Bahrain.
Effect of Different Nitrogen Sources on Tasseling, Silking, Maturing and Grain Yield of Hybrid Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Waseem Mohamed , Tahir Mohamed , Bakhat Hafiz Faiq , Khan Imran , Shehzad Mohamed
Published: June 2022

Two year field experiment was conducted to check the influence of different Nitrogen sources on the tasseling, silking, maturity and grain yield of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) at the Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan, during the year 2008-09. Treatments included two hybrids: (H1) (Pioneer-30Y87) and (H2) (Pioneer-31R88) with six Nitrogen sources each, which included at the rate of (S0): control (0) kg Nitrogen ha-1, (S1) : chemical source (urea) 250 kg Nitrogen ha-1, (S2): poultry manure (PM) 9.6 t ha-1, (S3): farm yard manure (FYM) 17.8 t ha-1 , (S4): press mud of sugarcane (PMS) 8.5 t ha-1 and (S5): compost (C) 10.0 t ha-1. Finding concluded that effect of Nitrogen sources on both maize hybrid was found to be non significant for number of days to tasseling and number of days to silking during 2008 while number of days to maturity and grain yield was significant. In 2009 number of days for tasseling was found significant and number of days to silking, maturity and grain yield was not significant. Significant Nitrogen sources influenced were observed for tasseling, silking, maturity and grain yield during both years 2008-09. Maximum number of days was recorded in chemical source (urea) 250 kg Nitrogen ha-1 for tasseling, silking, maturity and grain yield in 2009 as compared to other Nitrogen sources and minimum number of days to tasseling, silking, maturity and grain yield was found in control (0) kg Nitrogen ha-1 .
Integrated Environmental Assessment of Rangeland Resources in Jebel Samhan Protectorate of the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Bait Said Ali Salem , Abahussain Asma Ali , Abido Mohamed Sulaiman , Mohammad Husham Abdulmounsef
Published: June 2022

An integrated environmental assessment of rangeland resources in Jabal Samhan protectorate area of Dhofar, Sultanate of Oman was conducted using DPSIR analysis matrix. Assessment included monitoring current state and direction of rangeland resources, direct and indirect pressures influencing resources and their impacts. Effectiveness of government conservation policies was also assessed and a plausible forward-looking scenario was drawn up to provide an insight into rangeland futures compared to business as usual scenario. Recommended alternative policies were embedded in the context of sustainability scenario. Vegetation composition and productivity were assessed by sampling lesser vegetation in the southern and western regions of the protected area. A questionnaire was prepared to assess the needs of the local community. Results of vegetation sampling indicted differences in composition and productivity of vegetation from one site to another due to the effect of topography and grazing. Plant coverage ranged from 36-98%, whereas vegetation productivity was 63% higher in the Tawi Atier enclosure than adjacent sites. On the other hand, productivity was less by 50% and 76% in the mid and south sites, and 86% outside the protected area. Low site productivity is attributed to rainfall scarcity, variability from one site to another and overgrazing. Thirty four percent of the locals surveyed depend on grazing as a primary source for income. In the mean time 54% of them attribute rangeland deterioration in the protected area to the scarcity of these resources outside. Although laws exist for biodiversity and nature conservation as well as animal wealth and livestock management; still rangeland resources are experiencing overgrazing. The sustainability scenario based primarily on ecosystem approach with its proposed policies offer an optimal solution to the issues of resource degradation in the protected area as it strikes the balance between biodiversity conservation and securing the interest of local community.
Assessment of the Methods of Electrical Energy Rationalization in Kuwaiti Mosques using Hourly Analysis Program (HAP)
Authors: Al-Kandari Khaled Abduljabar , Abou-Gamila Mansour Elsaid , Abdulla Ahmed Yousif
Published: June 2022

The energy crisis, especially electricity consumption, is a crisis that plagues the world in general and Kuwait in particular. The Ministry of Electricity and Water in Kuwait (2009) said that the high temperature in the summer months, sometimes reach to 50 degrees Celsius in the shade, leads to increase demand in the air-conditioning loads. The study aims to assess the methods of electrical energy rationalization in Kuwaiti mosques using the simulation software (HAP). Since the mosques are located in separate areas of Kuwait and operate simultaneously, one of the mosques was selected as an example to find the best way to conserve energy. The results showed that, there are several possible ways to reduce the air-conditioning loads. Replacement incandescent bulbs with the energy-saving bulbs, installing programmable thermostat technology and control the infusion rate, lead to energy savings up to 32%, 2.9% and 11.4% respectively. The study also demonstrated the impact of other ways in reducing the rate of consumption, as: area of glass (1.7%), direction of the building (2%), the heat transfer coefficient of the building and the windows (11.4%) and outside color of the building (4.2%). Moreover, the wall color is more influential than roof color and the selection of insulation material and thickness is very important as it reduces cooling load up to 35%. All of these factors may help in lowering the rates of energy consumption in mosques and hence contribute in the reduction of greenhouse gases and pollutants.
Assessment of Land Consumption Rate of the Main Island of the Kingdom of Bahrain 1986-2012 using GIS and Remote Sensing
Authors: Al-Jnied Sabah Saleh , Abdulhamed Nadir , Redhah Kathem Ghadeer Mohamed
Published: June 2022

This study aims to analyze and evaluate the change in urban land use area in the main islands of the Kingdom of Bahrain (Bahrain, Muharraq and Sitra) during the period 1986 - 2012 using Landsat 1986- 1998 satellite data and QuickBird 2002 and Google Earth data. The methodology focused on using Supervised Classification and visual image interpretation and overlay analysis. Four thematic maps were produced and used to evaluate and to measure Land Consumption Rate –LCR and Land Absorption Coefficient –LAC. The results indicate increase in Urban area and Land Consumption Rate –LCR.
Application of a Modified Immunomagnetic Positive Selection Method for Isolation of Human CD34+ Stem/Progenitor from Cord Blood
Authors: Al-Kadry Ranad , Al-Okla Souad , Al-Jamali Majed , Youssef Lama
Published: June 2022

Umbilical cord blood (UCB) and isolated umbilical cord blood stem cells (UCBSCs) have become an alternative source of hematopoietic progenitor cells for transplantation. The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of some modifications of human hematopoietic stem cells isolation protocols with the intention of improving the output and viability of CD34+ cells and progenitor subpopulations progeny that can be obtained from a sample of human umbilical cord blood. By that, we contribute to current studies on the human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in order to bank UCB units suitable for basic research of very long- term hematopoietic as well as for transplantation. Cord blood samples were transformed to buffy coat prior to the isolation of HSCs which was performed by two steps involving CD34 pre-enrichment using human cord blood CD34 positive selection kit and an Immunomagnetic cell separation, targeting CD34 surface antigen. CD34+ cells were immunophenotyped by four-color fluorescence, using a large panel of monoclonal antibodies (CD34/PE, CD45/FITC, CD38/APC, CD33/Per-Cy, HLA-DR/PE, CD117/APC, CD123/Per-Cy, CD105-FITC, CD56/ PE, CD14/Per-Cy, CD19/Per-Cy and CD3/APC) recognizing different lineage or activation antigens. Our results showed that the percentage of CD34+ cells in whole human cord blood samples was 0.02% of total cells. After isolation by two-step, combining CD34 pre-enrichment and Immunomagnetic isolation, the frequency of CD34+ stem cells represented 0.65% among total MNCs and 83.53% among total isolated cells. This isolation leaded to a purity of over 95% and viability of 98.60%. In addition, we found that the percentage of CD34+ cells which are CD45+ was 83.53%, whereas CD34+CD38- cells comprised 21.70%. About 70.85% of isolated CD34+ cells were characterized by the absence of human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR). Concerning the CD117, CD33, CD123 and CD105 antigens which characterize true stem cells, we found a high expression percentage among isolated HUCB CD34+ cells (81.26%, 57.14% 47.45%, 58.52% for CD117, CD33, CD123 and CD105, respectively), while a very small number displayed markers of advanced myeloid commitment, such as CD14 (Myeloid lineage, 0.7%) and CD56 (NK-cell lineage, 4.48%), or those of lymphoid differentiation: CD3 (T-cell lineage, 5.22%), and CD19 (B-cell lineage, 1.76%). After testing 12 samples of cord blood using modified positive magnetic isolation technique, no variations in subpopulations were observed from sample to sample. We conclude that our modified technique enabled us to obtain an important proportion of primitive hematopoietic progenitors, as suggested by the absence of HLA-DR and CD38, as well as the presence of CD117, CD33, CD123, and CD105 on their surface. These cells are recognized as having long term reconstitution capacity within the human CD34+cell population.
Farmers Awareness on the Importance of Organic Farming as Sustainable Agriculture in The Qassim Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Zaidi Abdullah Awed , Shalaby Mohammed Yousef
Published: June 2022

Organic agriculture has been identified as an important part of the sustainable agriculture. However, it has been assumed that farmers are not aware the importance of organic agriculture and it is important to conduct research on farmers’ perceptions towards this important aspect. This study aimed to identify the degree of awareness of the farmers on the importance of organic farming as the part of sustainable agricultural development in Qassim, Saudi Arabia. The study explored the nature of the relationship between the independent variables and the degree of awareness of the respondents as the dependent variable. This study was conducted on the sample of (193) farmers (participants) representing all farmers of the study area. The preliminary data were collected by using the questionnaire against the personal interviews. Data were subjected to the statistical analysis and to make the data more meaningful, percentages, arithmetic means, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient of Pearson, regression (stepwise) were used. The study revealed that about three-quarters (75.6%) of the farmers/ respondents were with low to medium perception on the importance of organic farming. There was a positive correlation between respondents’ perception towards organic farming as the dependent variable and factors like: basic profession, the degree of satisfaction with the farm work and training at the (0.01) significance level. However, a negative relationship was found for land holding and college education at the (0.05) significance level. The main reasons respondents were not practicing organic farming include: no guarantee for the protection of farms from the exploitation of the big merchants (68.9%), oversight of the violations of standards and legislations and prevailing of poor rules to hold violators accountable (68%), lack of qualified and skilled labor on organic farming and practices (63.9%), and weak consumer demand for organic products (27%).
Pediatrics Morbidity and Mortality at Basra General Hospital
Authors: Imran Safaa M. , Zain Sahra H.
Published: June 2022

Background: The health burden and mortality caused by infectious diseases of children remain high word wide. Mortality and morbidity data are essential to identify the public health importance of different diseases and allocate resources appropriately. Objective: This study was undertaken to describe the main causes of hospitalization and death among children in Basra. Methods: A cross –sectional retrospective design was used to determine the main causes of hospitalization and death (a part from malignant diseases) among children in Basra. Medical records for patients admitted to the pediatric department in Basra General Hospital throughout 2013 were collected and analyzed for demographics, diagnosis, and outcome. Results: Around 53.3% of the patients were under 13 months. More than half of the studied population was males (60%), with a male: female ratio was 1.5: 1. The most common cause of hospital admission was Gastroenteritis (48.9%), followed by Respiratory diseases (19.7%) and Urinary Tract Infection (15.1%). The overall mortality rate was 1.4%, where 60.6 % of them are females and the complications of urinary tract infection were the most common cause. Conclusion: Infectious diseases were the main cause of hospitalization among Basra children and might lead to death. A substantial proportion of this morbidity and mortality was probably attributable to preventable causes. Prospective surveillance using microbiological data is needed to delineate the organism-specific burdens.