bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of abiotic factors on seasonal and non-seasonal emergence of Tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury
Authors:   Basic Seed Multiplication &Training Center, Kathikund, Central Silk Board, Dumka-814 103, India, Mazumdar S.M. , Reddy B.T. ,   Basic Seed Multiplication &Training Center, Central Silk Board, Kharsawan-833 216, India, Chandrashekharaiah M. ,   Basic Tasar Silkworm Seed Organization, Bilaspur, Central Silk Board, Bilaspur-495 112, India, Chowdary N.B. ,   Basic Tasar Silkworm Seed Organization, Bilaspur, Central Silk Board, Bilaspur-495 112, India, Chattopadhyay S. ,   Faculty of Forestry, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi-834 006, India, Rathore M.S. ,   Basic Tasar Silkworm Seed Organization, Bilaspur, Central Silk Board, Bilaspur-495 112, India, Sathyanarayana K. ,   Basic Tasar Silkworm Seed Organization, Bilaspur, Central Silk Board, Bilaspur-495 112, India
Published: June 2023

Aim: The present study was carried out to introspect the effect of temperature, humidity and rainfall on the emergence of Antheraea mylitta Drury. Methodology: An experiment on seasonal and non-seasonal emergence was carried out in 2019 and 2020 at Kathikund and Kharsawan of Jhakhand, India. Meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity and rainfall) were noted twice daily. Similarly number of adult moths emerged were age-graded and segregated as male and female. They were counted twice in a day within the grainage buildings (preservatory of seed cocoons). Results: The emergence of Antheraea mylitta varied month wise following: June to September, March to May, and November to February. Although the emergence of male individuals was more compared to females, no significant difference was observed statistically. Further increase in rainfall (57%) – humidity (15%) triggered more non-seasonal emergence of females. A strong positive correlation between humidity and rainfall with the emergence of adult moths compared to temperature throughout the year across both the seasonal (June-October) and non-seasonal (November-May) months was observed. The erratic/non-seasonal emergence was strongly correlated with humidity (0.75) compared to rainfall (0.32) and temperature (0.19). Daily emergence differed significantly (p<0.01) between the seasonal and non-seasonal months. Interpretation: During seasonal months, the number of adult moths emerged remained almost constant; however in non-seasonal months, the pattern of adult emergence exhibited a non-linear interrupted by sudden intervals of zero emergence. The intervals corresponded significantly to the effect of humidity and rainfall (p<0.001), however, no significant effect of temperature (p>0.05) was observed. Key words: Abiotic factors, Antheraea mylitta, Seasonal emergence, Tasar silkworm
Mechanism of adult emergence in Xanthopimpla pedator (Fabricius)- a major pupal parasitoid of Tasar silkworm
Authors:   Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Ranchi-835 303, India, Gadad H. , Prabhu D.I.G. ,   Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Ranchi-835 303, India, Bhagat A. ,   Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Ranchi-835 303, India, Singh J. ,   Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Ranchi-835 303, India, Mittal V. ,   Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Ranchi-835 303, India, Pandey J.P. ,   Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Ranchi-835 303, India, Kutala S. ,   Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Ranchi-835 303, India
Published: June 2023

Aim: The study was conducted to elucidate the mechanism involved in adult emergence behavior of Xanthopimpla pedator a pupal parasitoid of tasar silkworm. Methodology: Behavioral observations were made to study the mechanical approaches used during emergence and SDS-PAGE analysis was carried to know the possibility of proteases in the digestive secretions. Results: The findings of the study suggest that X. pedator uses physical and chemical to achieve safe passage from the host pupae and cocoons. It was observed that during the process of emergence, X. pedator breaks host pupae by means of mandibular action (by biting the pupal shell). Further, it was noticed that to make emergence hole on host cocoon X. pedator found to employ digestive secretion to soften and disintegrate the silken shell, besides it also deploys mandibles to spread out the secretion on intended place of exit hole. SDS-PAGE analysis showed the presence of series of enzymes, possibly involved in cocoon softening. Interpretation: Findings of this study forms the basis that X. pedator, a major pupal parasitoid of tasar silkworm, uses both physical and chemical approaches to achieve safe passage from the host pupae and protective silken cocoon. Key words: Digestive secretion, Mandibular action, Parasitization, Xanthopimpla pedator
Evaluation of chitosan and chitosan silver nanocomposites against bacterial pathogens of tropical tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drurry
Authors:   Silkworm Molecular Biology Laboratory, Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore-570 008, India, Madhusudhan K.N. , Shivakumar Mr. ,   Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru-560 089, India, Sakshi S. ,   Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Ranchi-835 303, India, Gupta V.P. ,   Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Ranchi-835 303, India, Naqvi A.H. ,   Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Ranchi-835 303, India, Kirankumar K.P. ,   Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Ranchi-835 303, India, Babulal Mr. ,   Silkworm Molecular Biology Laboratory, Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore-570 008, India
Published: June 2023

Aim: The present research work was carried out to evaluate the effect of commercially available shrimp chitosan and chitosan silver nanocomposites (CSN) on the inhibition of bacterial pathogens of tropical tasar silkworm. Methodology: Synthesis of chitosan silver nanocomposite was by carried by using chemical precipitation method. The synthesized nanocomposites were characterized using different techniques. Further, antimicrobial potential of the chitosan and chitosan silver nanocomposites was evaluated by in vitro inhibition assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration of both chitosan and chitosan nanocomposites was estimated against bacterial pathogens of tasar silkworm. Results: Chitosan at different concentrations showed antibacterial activity against the bacterial pathogens (Bacillus spp., Micrococcus spp., and Serratia spp.) of tropical tasar silkworm under in vitro conditions. The 0.2% concentration of chitosan and CSN was identified as a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against bacterial pathogens. Interpretation: Based on the findings of this study, the 0.2% concentration of CSNs may be considered as minimum inhibitory concentration against bacterial pathogens infecting tropical tasar silkworms. Key words: Bacterial pathogens, Chitosan silver nanocomposites, Tropical tasar silkworm
Synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles from Tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta pupae and its antioxidant efficacy and antibacterial activity against fish pathogens
Authors:   Department of Zoology, Kuntala Kumari Sabat Women’s College, Balasore-756 001, India, Baisakhi B. , Mohanty D. ,   ICAR- Central Inland Fishery Research Institute, Kolkata-700 120, India, Das B.K. ,   ICAR- Central Inland Fishery Research Institute, Kolkata-700 120, India, Ananta S. ,   Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Ranchi-835 303, India, Jena K. ,   Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Ranchi-835 303, India, Pradhan J. ,   Department of Zoology, Kuntala Kumari Sabat Women’s College, Balasore-756 001, India
Published: June 2023

Aim: To synthesize and characterize chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) from the pupae of tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta. The antioxidant and antibacterial activities of CNPs against different strains of selected bacterial fish pathogens were also evaluated. Methodology: CNPs were prepared using sodium tripolyphosphate anions. Characterization of nanoparticles was done by FTIR, Zeta potential analysis and Particle size distribution analysis. The antibacterial activity of chitosan and CNPs against Aeromonas hydrophila (ATCC-7966), Escherichia coli (ATCC-25922), and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC-25923) was evaluated by disc diffusion method. Results: CNPs inhibited the growth of selected bacteria and the maximum zone of inhibition (14 mm) was observed against E. coli and A. hydrophila. Chitosan and CNPs had free radical scavenging effects on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Interpretation: CNPs obtained from silkworm pupae have potential antibacterial as well as antioxidant activities and can be incorporated in aquafeed to prevent fish diseases. Key words: Aeromonas hydrophila, Antheraea mylitta, Antibacterial activity, Antioxidant activity, Chitosan nanoparticles
Development of novel tasar cultivation zones and conservation of vanya silkworms in ecologically-restored sites within degraded mined-out areas of Purnapani, Odisha
Authors:   Centre for Environmental Management of Degraded Ecosystems, University of Delhi, Delhi- 110 007, India, Choudhary V.K. , Bhardwaj P. ,   Department of Botany, Plant-Biotic Interactions Group, University of Delhi, New Delhi- 110 007, India, Kar P.K. ,   Basic Seed Multiplication and Training Center, Central Silk Board, Korba-495 449, India, Mazumdar-Leighton S. ,   Department of Botany, Plant-Biotic Interactions Group, University of Delhi, New Delhi- 110 007, India, Babu C.R. ,   Centre for Environmental Management of Degraded Ecosystems, University of Delhi, Delhi- 110 007, India
Published: June 2023

Aim: The aim was to develop tasar cultivation zones by introducing diverse tasar host plant species at mined out sites undergoing ecological restoration for generating sustainable livelihood option for local tribals. Methodology: The site selected for vanya sericulture was an integral part of ecologically restored 250 -acres limestone/dolomite mined out area of Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL).Tasar cultivation zones were developed by planting saplings of host plant species viz, Terminalia tomentosa (Roxb.) ex DC., Terminalia arjuna Wright & Arn., Terminalia belerica (Gaertn) Roxb, Ziziphus mauritiana Lam., Terminalia chebula Retz. and Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels. These cultivation zones are currently scattered among nine forest communities that were developed by growing saplings of more than 260 native species of trees and shrubs, besides ground vegetation, using ecosystem approach. Women self-help groups were formed and trained in rearing of tasar silkworms as well as making tasar-based products to ensure continuous practice of tasar silkworm culture at these novel cultivation zones. Results: During early ecological stages of ecosystem redevelopment through restoration of the habitat, it was observed that wild tasar moths laid eggs and silkworms spun cocoons, albeit in very small quantity, indicating suitability of foliage as food for larvae. In the year 2019-2020 alone, an estimated one lakh cocoons were produced from DFLs procured from CTRTI, Ranchi,and sent to the market/stored as seed cocoon. The average income per member of self-help group from sale of tasar cocoons was Rs 7, 855 (INR) annually. Interpretation: The restored ecosystems in the limestone/dolomite mined-out areas of SAIL at Purnapani serve as an excellent model for conservation of Tasar gene pools and sustainable livelihood development that can be replicated elsewhere. Hence, this practise can serve as an excellent model for replication elsewhere. Key words: Biodiversity, Ecological restoration, Livelihood, Mined out areas, Self-help group, Tasar silkworm
Phenology of Eri silkworm Samia ricini (Donovan) in Lower Assam and its impact on upscaling eri seed production
Authors:   Eri Basic Seed Farm, Muga Eri Silkworm Seed Organisation, Central Silk Board, Topatoli-782 403, India, Lalitha N. , Hridya H. ,   Muga Eri Silkworm Seed Organization, Central Silk Board, Khanapara-781 022, India, Borpuzari P. ,   Muga Eri Silkworm Seed Organization, Central Silk Board, Khanapara-781 022, India
Published: June 2023

Aim: A phenology study on the seed cocoon rearing performance of Samia ricini (Donovan) in different seasons of Lower Assam and subsequent production of disease-free laying was undertaken. Methodology: In each season, four batches of seed cocoon rearing were conducted on eri silkworms of Borduar race (n=100 dfls) which were reared only on the castor, the primary host plant, to eliminate the variability due to different host plants. The data on different seed cocoon rearing and reproductive parameters were recorded for every rearing and pooled season-wise for comparison. Results: The highest seed cocoon yield per dfl was recorded during autumn (215.92±6.24 nos) followed by winter/spring and late monsoon seasons. During autumn, significantly higher ERR% (90.69±1.01) was observed. Grainage operations conducted on the seed cocoons of various seasons revealed ideal dfl to cocoon ratio during autumn (1:3.5) and late monsoon (1:4.2). The percentage of moth emergence was significantly high in autumn (92.27± 2.90), followed by late monsoon (89.07± 5.38). Interpretation: Results evidently indicated that late monsoon and autumn seasons spanning from September to November months can be utilized effectively for large scale eri silkworm seed production in Assam. Key words: Eri silkworm, Phenology, Reproductive performance, Samia ricini, Seed cocoon rearing
THE REPRESENTATION OF ORIENTALISM NEGOTIATION IN ROWELL'S ELEANOR AND PARK
Authors: Pangestu Berlian Ayu , Supiastutik Supiastutik , Wardani SWW L. Dyah Purwita
Published: June 2023

This paper explores the representation of orientalism negotiation in a novel entitled Eleanor and Park, written by Rainbow Rowell. This study utilized a descriptive-qualitative method to analyze the story by applying the representation theory proposed by Stuart Hall, especially the constructive approach suggested by Foucault. It focuses on the construction of meaning through language related to the depiction of oriental characters and how they struggle and respond to the treatments they receive from white people. Operating the concepts of orientalism from Edward Said and the discursive approach proposed by Foucault, this study explores the ideological position of the writer as  well. From this study, it is found that as an American white writer, Rowell shows the negotiation of the orientalism concept. Presenting the white characters with oriental characteristics and non-white characters with accidental qualities, Rowell exemplifies the strategic way to create racial harmony.  However, the efforts to create characterizations as forms of negotiation against orientalism have reached a dead end because the readers are more impressed by the honored class, which consists of mostly white students, who are able to subvert the negotiations on orientalism made by the author.
Pericardial Mesothelioma Presenting as Constrictive Pericarditis
Authors: Berglund Felix , Ali Ambreen , Sankar Parvathy , Karmali Rehan , Majid Muhammad , Kumar Ashwin , Mudra Sarah , Mukhopadhyay Sanjay , Klein Allan
Published: June 2023

A 46-year-old woman underwent pericardiocentesis and pericardial window
for recurrent pericardial effusion. She presented 17 months later with
signs and symptoms consistent with constrictive pericarditis. Cardiac
magnetic resonance imaging revealed an infiltrative mass surrounding the
pericardium. A transcutaneous core needle biopsy of the pericardium
confirmed the diagnosis of pericardial mesothelioma.
Application of genetic structure analysis to explore the cause of variation in radionuclide contamination among Asian black bear populations in Fukushima
Authors: Nemoto Yui , Saito Rie , Kondo Natsuko , Kanda Kousuke , Morimitsu Yoshiki , Tamaoki Masanori
Published: June 2023

1. After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in 2011,
radionuclides have been detected in the tissues of wild animals. It was
found that some individuals had higher radiocesium activity
concentrations than others, despite being captured in the same area. One
of the reasons for this disparity was attributed to migration from areas
where radiocesium contamination level was different. 2. We identified
the genetic population of Asian black bears using two genetic markers,
such as mtDNA D-loop haplotype and SNPs by MIG-seq analysis. Then, we
assessed migration between populations and variation in the radiocesium
activity concentrations in the muscle tissue of distinct populations. 3.
The SNPs analysis identified clearer two populations (SP1 and SP2) than
the mtDNA analysis. Population distribution inferred based on SNPs was
affected by geographic features and land use. 4. The radiocesium
activity concentrations in muscle tissues in SP2 were higher than those
in SP1. The radiocesium activity concentrations in muscle tissue were
positively correlated with radiocesium contamination levels at the
capture site. Since the radiocesium contamination levels at the capture
sites of SP2 were higher than those of SP1, it was inferred that the
levels of radiocesium contamination in each population would show a
similar pattern. 5. Migration occurred between the genetic populations
and migration rate differed between the genetic populations, with the
rate of individuals migrating from SP2 to SP1 being smaller than that
from SP1 to SP2. Therefore, it was suggested migration was responsible
for some individuals having relatively higher radiocesium activity
concentrations in muscle tissue, despite being captured in the same
area. 6. This study is the first report that showed the genetic
structure of Asian black bear in Fukushima Prefecture in fine scale, the
migration rate between the populations, and the effect of migration on
the variation of radiocesium activity concentration.
ADVERSE DRUG REACTION IN PEOPLE WITH EPILPSY
Authors: Ogunjimi Luqman , Alabi Akinyinka , Aderinola Aderonke , Bello Mojisola , Oladunjoye Yusuf , Kasali Adeola , Kasumu Emmanuel , Oyenuga Ibironke , Shittabey Akinbodu , Onipede Modupeoluwa , Dele Oludolapo , Osalusi Bamidele
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVES: There is a need for early identification and intervention of
Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) to alleviate unacceptably growing burden,
morbidity and mortality associated in People With Epilepsy (PWE). This
study is aimed at identifying factors associated with ADR and medication
adherence among patients in PWE. METHODS: It is a cross-sectional
questionnaire-based study consisting of 940 consenting participants aged
16 years and above attending epilepsy clinics for period of 5years with
diagnosis confirmed by International League against Epilepsy (ILAE)
criteria and supported by Electroencephalography (EEG). 21-item
Liverpool Adverse Effect Profile (LEAP) and 8-item. Morinsky Medication
Adherence Scale (MMAS) were used to assess ADR and adherence
respectively. RESULTS: The highest reported ADR in PWE were nervousness
(34.3%), aggression (33.6%) and weight gain (32.3%). Specifically,
(20.1%) of the participant complained of memory problem, while the
lowest were hair loss (7.2%), trouble with mouth (8.9%) and problem
with skin (9.3%). Using the MMAS, 545(90.2%), 28(4.6%) and 31(5.1%)
of PWE in this study were classified as having high, medium, and low
adherence, respectively. Duration of AEDs use and duration of epilepsy
were the major determinant of ADR in PWE on regression model.
CONCLUSION: Duration of AEDs use and duration of epilepsy are the major
determinant of ADR in PWE. Effective strategies to identify and reduce
ADR should be incorporated to management of PWE by Health Care Providers
to improve their quality of life. Furthermore, physician should aim
towards reducing the duration of AED use and the epilepsy.
Prediction of potential distribution area of Glycyrrhiza iflata based on Maxent model
Authors: Xu wenbin , Du Zhenzhu , Huang Gang , Yan Ping , Ma Zhancang , Wang Yuxia , Li Hongbin
Published: June 2023

As one of the primary medicinal species of Glycyrrhiza under state key
protection, Glycyrrhiza iflata has the characteristics of light-loving,
drought-tolerant, heat-resistant, and salt-tolerant, and belongs to the
dominant species in Xinjiang extreme desert ecosystem. Based on 130
effective distribution records and 8 environmental factors in China, the
Maxent model was used to construct the potential geographical
distribution pattern of Glycyrrhiza iflata in the last glacial maximum,
middle Holocene, modern and future (2050). Essence Results show that:
(1) The key climate restrictions that affect the geographical
distribution of Glycyrrhiza iflata is the average annual precipitation.
(2) The modern area of Glycyrrhiza iflata is 18.3 × 105km2. (3) Under
the low emission scenario from the last interglacial maximum to 2050,
the potential habitable area is 18.1×105km2, and the reduced area is
4.2×105km2, with a reduction rate of 19.0%. The highly suitable area
was 2.5×105km2, and the reduced area was 2.8×105km2, with a reduction
rate of 52.6%. (4) From the last glaciation maximum to the middle
Holocene, the geographical distribution center shifted to the southwest
margin of the Kumtag Desert, Xinjiang. Since then, the geographical
distribution center of Glycyrrhiza iflata will continue to migrate to
the southwest, but it’s going to stabilize in the future (2050). These
results provided theoretical basis for the protection, utilization,
origin, and evolution of Glycyrrhiza iflata.
Perception of Teachers Regarding Problem-Based Learning and Traditional Method in the Classroom Learning Innovation Process
Authors: Gumartifa Asti , Syahri Indawan , Siroj Rusdy A , Nurrahmi Maftuhah , Yusof Norazmie
Published: June 2023

The implementation of problem-based learning (PBL) method in the teaching of English at the junior high school level has proven to be beneficial and effective, as evidenced by the research findings. PBL focuses on the learning process itself by incorporating real-world issues and problems that are aligned with the school curriculum. This approach addresses various challenges that may arise during the learning process, such as lack of engagement, learning disabilities, language barriers, limited resources, and teacher-student relationships. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate perception of teachers regarding PBL and traditional method of teaching English at the junior high School level. The research design used was descriptive, and it involved data collection through interviews, as well as analysis. The data were gathered from various English teachers at different Junior High Schools in South Sumatra, with a total of 34 participants. A questionnaire was used to measure perception of teachers regarding both learning methods in teaching. The results showed a dominant preference for PBL as the selected method. Moreover, teachers also acknowledged a significant improvement in the learning outcomes of students. The contributions of PBL were twofold, 1) it promoted active learning by requiring students to take an active role during the learning process, and 2) it developed problem-solving skills by requiring the identification, analysis, and resolution of real-world problems.
Quantitative Analysis Of Elementary School Students' Curiosity and Web-Based Assessment Responses
Authors: Asrial Asrial , Syahrial Syahrial , Sabil Husni , Kurniawan Dwi Agus , Perdana Rahmat , Nawahdani Ahmad Mansur , Widodi Bob , Rahmi Rahmi , Nyirahabimana Pascasie
Published: June 2023

The use of web-based assessment at the elementary school level is a novelty in this research. The purpose of this research is to find out the comparison of the character of curiosity and the comparison of student responses to the use of web-based assessment. In addition, it is also to determine the effect of the character of curiosity on student responses in using web-based assessments. This research is quantitative research with associative and comparative research types. The sample used in this study were high school elementary school students at 64 Muara Bulian elementary school and 80 Muara Bulian elementary school. The sam-pling technique in this study was random sampling. The data analysis technique in this study is a quantita-tive analysis technique using data processing assistance. The results of the t test with sig. (2-tailed) less than 0.05, it can be seen that there are differences in the character of students' curiosity and there are differences in student responses to the use of web-based assessments. The results of the regression test with a signifi-cance value of 0.009 which means less than 0.05 so that the character of curiosity influences student re-sponses in using web-based assessments. The significant influence here means that students who have a good character of curiosity will also respond well to the use of web-based assessment.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COOPERATIVE MODEL’S JIGSAW WITH REACT STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE CONNECTION MATHEMATIC ABILITY OF STUDENTS
Authors: Raja Sihite Muda Sakti , Huda Nuril , Habibi Harahap Irham , Agustanti Anisa , Andriati Novi
Published: June 2023

The problem of this research is the low ability of mathematical connections due to the low ability of students to understand mathematical concepts. This research is a Classroom Action Research conducted at Husni Thamrin High School Medan. In the implementation of this research tools and research instruments have been developed.. The results in cycle I show that: (1) the average test score of students' mathematical connection ability is 68.0 or there are 73% of the number of students who take the test have a level sis mathematical connection ability, (2) the level of active activity of students has not met the set ideal percentage of time, . In cycle II the results were obtained: (1) the average score of students' mathematical connection ability test was 73.0 or there were 86.6% of the number of students who took the test had a minimum level of students' mathematical connection ability in the sufficient category and 13.4% had a level students' mathematical connections are under the sufficient category, (2) the level of active activity of students fulfills the ideal percentage of time. In cycles I and II,  concluded that implementation of jigsaw cooperative learning with the react strategy can improve students' mathematical connection ability.
KAJIAN DAMPAK PEMBELAJARAN MODEL FRAGMENTED DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Novriadi Feri , Fitria Yanti , Erita Yeni
Published: June 2023

This integrated learning objective as a concept is a learning approach that involves several subjects to provide a meaningful learning experience for children. Integrated learning is believed to be an approach that is oriented towards learning practices that suit the needs of children. Effective integrated learning will help create ample opportunities for children to see and build interrelated concepts. The method we use is the approach method where we link ideas in various subjects. From the method that we apply, we can get a lot of teaching for students, starting from the social-emotional aspect of the child, the physical aspect of gross and fine motor skills, the artistic aspect and many others..
Diversitas, Deskripsi Tumbuhan dan Sumber Pakan Alami Monyet Ekor Panjang di Perbukitan Kebasen, Banyumas
Authors: Kusuma Tegar , Hidayah Hexa Apriliana , Nasution Erie Kolya , Al Hakim Rosyid Ridlo , Siti Rukayah
Published: June 2023

Keanekaragaman tumbuhan merupakan tumbuh-tumbuhan yang terdiri atas beberapa spesies hidup bersama pada suatu tempat. Keberadaan tumbuhan sebagai tempat bernaung saat hujan, tempat berlindung dari pemangsa, dan sumber pakan bagi primata. Monyet ekor panjang ditemukan di Perbukitan Kebasen, Banyumas yang merupakan habitat alami dan menjadi sumber pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman tumbuhan sebagai pakan monyet ekor panjang. Metode penelitian dengan survei dengan teknik sampling secara transek dan menghitung indeks keanekaragaman (H'). Hasil penelitian diketahui spesies tumbuhan yang tumbuh sebanyak 52 spesies dari 37 familia dengan total 310 individu. Indeks keanekaragaman (H') tumbuhan yang diperoleh pada tingkat pohon sebesar 2,52 atau keanekaragaman spesies sedang, tingkat pancang sebesar 1,79 atau keanekaragaman spesies sedang, dan tingkat semai sebesar 2,66 atau keanekaragaman spesies sedang. Tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan monyet ekor panjang sebagai pakan sebanyak 15 spesies dari 12 familia. Tumbuhan tersebut meliputi sirsak (Annona muricata), pulai (Alstonia scholaris), pinang (Areca catechu), berenuk (Crescentia cujete), ketapang (Terminalia catappa), keruing (Dipterocarpus verrucosus), ajan kelicung (Dyospyros macrophylla), angsana (Pterocarpus indicus), saga (Adenanthera pavonina), melinjo (Gnetum gnemon), waru (Hibiscus tiliaceus), ilat-ilatan (Ficus callosa), beringin (Ficus benjamina), keming (Ficus microcarpa), dan kelat jambu (Syzygium grande). Bagian-bagian yang dimakan meliputi daun, daun muda, dan buah.
Analisis In silico Heksosa, D-Manitol dan Asam Malat Kulit Kopi sebagai Penghambat Infeksi Virus Corona
Authors: Bare Yohanes , Timba Frederiksen Novenrius Sini , Nurak Maria Marcelina Dua , Sari Dewi Ratih Tirto
Published: June 2023

COVID-19 merupakan penyakit infeksi saluran pernapasan yang disebabkan oleh virus corona, dan telah menjadi pandemik dari 2019 hingga 2022. Berbagai terapi telah dilakukan dan dikembangkan oleh banyak peneliti, termasuk pembuatan vaksin COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi senyawa pada kulit kopi sebagai agen penghambat kompleks antara spike glycoprotein SARS-CoV-2 dan Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) secara in silico. Kajian in silico dilakukan dengan mengunduh struktur 3D senyawa yaitu heksosa, asam malat, dan D-manitol dari PubChem NCBI, serta kompleks spike glycoprotein SARS-CoV-2 – ACE2 dari Protein Data Bank. Interaksi masing-masing senyawa uji dan kompleks dianalisis dengan Molegro Virtual Docker dan divisualisasi dengan Discovery Studio. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa heksosa, asam malat dan D-manitol mengikat bagian diantara spike glycoprotein SARS-CoV-2 dan ACE2. Residu sisi aktif ikatan antara kompleks dengan ketiga senyawa uji merupakan residu protein dari ACE2 dan spike glycoprotein SARS-CoV-2. Jenis ikatan yang terbentuk antara senyawa dan kompleks protein didominasi oleh ikatan hidrogen, dan beberapa gaya Van der Waals. Dari hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa senyawa heksosa, asam malat, dan D-manitol yang ada pada kulit kopi memiliki potensi sebagai anti SARS-CoV-2, namun demikian itu perlu dilakukan pembuktian secara in vitro dan in vivo.
Pertumbuhan Pakchoi (Brassica rapa) dan Kale (Brassica oleracea) pada Jenis Media Tanam Hidroponik Berbeda
Authors: Barus Tati , Ashar Meinanda , Hutagalung Rory Anthony
Published: June 2023

Jenis media tanam menentukan kualitas pertumbuhan tanaman pada sistem hidroponik. Brassica rapa (pakchoi) dan Brassica oleracea (kale) merupakan jenis  tanaman yang banyak dibudidayakan secara hidroponik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pertumbuhan pakchoi dan kale pada rockwool impor, rockwool lokal, dan spons sebagai media tanam pada sistem hidroponik Deep Flow Technique (DFT). Bibit pakchoi dan kale dipindahkan ke perangkat hidroponik pada umur delapan hari setelah semai. Tanaman dipanen setelah 28 hari berada di perangkat hidroponik. Jumlah daun dihitung tiap minggu dan bobot tanaman diukur saat panen. Jumlah daun dan bobot tanaman pakchoi, serta jumlah daun kale tidak berbeda signifikan antara media tanam rockwool impor, rockwool lokal dan spons. Namun, bobot kale pada media tanam rockwool lokal dan rockwool impor signifikan lebih tinggi dibandingkan bobot kale pada media tanam spons. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tanaman pakchoi memiliki kemampuan tumbuh yang sama pada media tanam rockwool impor, rockwool lokal, dan spons, namun tanaman kale memiliki kemampuan tumbuh yang lebih baik pada media tanam rockwool impor dan rockwool lokal dibandingkan pada spons. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukan bahwa setiap tanaman memiliki respon pertumbuhan yang berbeda terhadap berbagai jenis media tanam. Pemanfaatan spons sebagai alternatif media tanam rockwool perlu diteliti pada jenis tanaman yang lain.
Epifauna pada Ekosistem Mangrove di Kawasan Taman Hutan Raya Ngurah Rai, Bali
Authors: Girsang Lestari Meliana , Nyoman Dati Pertami  , Ni Made Ernawati
Published: June 2023

Epifauna merupakan makrozoobentos yang hidup di permukaan sedimen perairan atau menempel pada berbagai substrat perairan maupun pada organisme lain. Salah satu kawasan perairan yang sering dijadikan habitat oleh epifauna adalah ekosistem mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis dan kelimpahan epifauna, jenis dan kerapatan mangrove, serta kondisi lingkungan (air dan substrat) pada ekosistem mangrove di Tahura Ngurah Rai, Bali. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode Purposive Random Sampling dengan transek berpetak. Jenis epifauna yang ditemukan di Tahura Ngurah Rai, Bali terdiri dari 15 jenis (Terebralia sulcata, Nerita planospira, Cerithidea quoyii, Telescopium tellescopium, Littoraria lutea, Littoraria scabra, Littoraria carinifera, Littoraria pallescens, Pila ampullaceal, Nerita melanotragus, Cassidula nucleus, Austruca triangularis, Littorina undulate, Chricoreus capucinus, dan Pirenella alata) dengan kelimpahan berkisar antara 0,06-14,10 ind/m2 dan kelimpahan relatif berkisar antara 0% – 53%. Terdapat tujuh jenis mangrove yang ditemukan yaitu Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Sonneratia alba, Xylocarpus moluccensis, Xylocarpus granatum, dan Lumnitzera racemose dengan kerapatan berkisar 200 – 3267 tegakan/ha. Lingkungan pada daerah penelitian menunjukan kondisi normal dan mendukung bagi pertumbuhan epifauna dan mangrove di Tahura Ngurah Rai Rai, Bali.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Sukrosa terhadap Kadar Piperin pada Kalus Cabe Jawa (Piper retrofractum Vahl.)
Authors: Kartika Puspita Dewi  , Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho  , Aries Bagus Sasongko  , Hidayati Lisna
Published: June 2023

Cabe jawa (Piper retrofractum Vahl.) merupakan tanaman herbal yang mengandung alkaloid utama piperin. Prospek cabe jawa sebagai bahan obat belum didukung oleh ketersediaan bahan baku yang cukup, karena rendahnya produktivitas tanaman. Salah satu alternatif untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan menerapkan kultur kalus. Kalus dapat memproduksi metabolit sekunder relatif cepat dan berkelanjutan. Efektivitas produksi metabolit sekunder seperti piperin pada kalus dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan konsentrasi sukrosa dalam medium kultur. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi sukrosa pada morfologi kalus, pertumbuhan kalus, dan produksi piperin pada kalus cabe jawa. Medium Murashige and Skoog (MS), dan zat pengatur tumbuh naphtalene asetic acid (NAA) dan benzyl aminopurin (BAP) 1:2 digunakan untuk menginduksi kalus dari daun cabe jawa. Kalus yang terbentuk berwarna hijau muda dan kompak. Kalus disubkultur selama 35 hari pada medium MS dengan konsentrasi sukrosa 30 g/L, 40 g/L, 50 g/L, dan 60 g/L. Setelah inkubasi warna kalus berubah dengan tekstur tetap kompak. Berat segar dan berat kering dari kalus menurun dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi sukrosa. Piperin pada kalus diekstraksi dengan etanol 96% dan diukur kadarnya dengan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT)-Densitometri. Peningkatan konsentrasi sukrosa pada medium kulur tidak berpengaruh pada kadar piperin dari kalus cabe jawa.
Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Beluntas (Pluchea indica) sebagai Antimikroba pada Tahu Putih
Authors: Dieny Azkiya , Aminullah  , Nur’utami Dwi Aryanti , Aminah Siti
Published: June 2023

Daun beluntas memiliki aktivitas antimikroba yang dapat mengawetkan produk tahu yang memiliki masa simpan yang pendek. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi ekstrak daun beluntas dan lama perendaman terhadap daya hambat mikroba tahu putih. Penelitian terdiri dari tahapan pendahuluan dan utama. Penelitian pendahuluan meliputi tahap pengamatan tahu putih tanpa perlakuan di hari ke-0 (H+0), ke-1(H+1), ke-2 (H+2) dan ke-3 (H+3), serta penyiapan ekstrak daun beluntas menggunakan metode maserasi. Penelitian utama yaitu aplikasi ekstrak beluntas pada rendaman tahu putih dengan berbagai variasi konsentrasi lama perendaman. Pertumbuhan mikroba pada tahu dianalisis dengan uji Total Plate Count (TPC) dan uji visual. Pada H+2, tofu mengandung mikrobia 4,9 x 108 koloni/mL dengan aroma masam, memiliki kenampakan berlendir serta warna putih kekuningan. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa H+2 sebagai hari kritis. Tahu pada H+2 tersebut kemudian diberi perlakuan ekstrak daun beluntas pada penelitian utama. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak daun beluntas dan lama perendaman menurunkan secara signifikan jumlah total mikroba pada tahu putih. Secara visual, tahu putih yang direndam dengan ekstrak daun beluntas memiliki permukaan tidak berlendir, dan memiliki aroma ekstrak daun beluntas.
Ekstraksi dan Identifikasi Kandungan Senyawa Bioaktif Daun Saga Rambat (Abrus precatorius)
Authors: Tri Rumanti Agustina , Saragih Horasdia
Published: June 2023

Daun saga rambat telah banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk mengobati beragam jenis penyakit. Bioaktivitas ini berkaitan dengan kandungan senyawa metabolit. Selama ini, aktivitas farmakologis daun saga rambat di masyarakat masih berdasarkan bukti empiris. Selain itu, informasi terkait kandungan senyawa bioaktif di daun saga rambut masih terbatas. Pada penelitian ini senyawa metabolit yang terkandung di dalam daun saga rambat diekstrak dan diidentifikasi. Senyawa metabolit diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan tiga jenis pelarut, yaitu etanol, metanol dan air. Senyawa pada ketiga ekstrak diidentifikasi dengan gas chromatography – mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat 23 senyawa di ekstrak etanol, 9 senyawa di ekstrak metanol, dan 9 senyawa di ekstrak air. Diantara seluruh senyawa pada ketiga ekstrak tersebut, senyawa yang memiliki konsentrasi tinggi adalah (1) octadecenyl aldehyde; (2) n-octadecanoic acid; (3) methyl 6,7-methylene octadecanoate (from trans); dan (4) pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, methyl ester. Dari hasil penelusuran pustaka, keempat senyawa tersebut memiliki aktivitas antioksidan, antibakteri, antivirus dan antiinflamasi. Oleh karena itu, daun saga rambat memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai obat herbal dalam pengatasan penyakit-penyakit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri, radikal bebas, virus, dan inflamasi.
Diseases of the Entero-Mammary Circle: A New Clinical Entity
Authors: Sabrá Aderbal , Muñoz Ana , Sabrá-Filho Aderbal , Sabrá Selma
Published: June 2023

Background: Gastrointestinal malabsorption of proteins from the diet of the mother can induce diseases in breast fed infants. The malfunction of the gastrointestinal tract (GI) of the mother is the basic process causing this disease. This new entity is under the scope of “diseases of the entero-mammary circle” (DEMC). Proteins different from homologues proteins of the breast milk, present in breast milk offered to the infant develops food allergy with clinical manifestation in different organs of the newborn and infant. Here we describe the most relevant clinical symptoms associated to this new entity the DEMC.
Methods: From January 2015 to January 2021, 100 charts from infants, age 0 to 6 months, were randomly selected from our clinic of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Food Allergy at Santa Casa da Misericordia do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The inclusion criteria were: 1) To be exclusively breast fed since birth and 2) Diagnosis of food allergy through strict diet to the mother without cow's milk, egg, soy and wheat protein and subsequent oral challenge with ingestion of the seafood by the mothers and recurrence of gastrointestinal, respiratory or dermal symptoms by oral challenge positive. The exclusion criteria were the use of other any food besides the breast milk.
Results: The onset of symptoms in the patients studied starts early in life. In the GI system the prevalent clinical symptoms were blood in stool, gastro-esophageal reflux, abdominal distention, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, bulky stools, flatus and vomiting, colic’s and nauseas and hiccups. In the respiratory system of the patients, the clinical disturbance was snoring and rhinitis, sinusitis, excess of mucus, chronic cough, and asthma. In the skin system, was prevalent the pallor, atopic eczema, eczema of folds, erythema of the cheeks, per oral erythema and seborrheic dermatitis. Related to the central nervous system we found sleep disorder, insomnia, irritability, and lethargy.
Conclusion: The present study was developed to explore the broad spectrum of the DEMC, presented as different clinical pictures in infants, exclusively breast fed, compromising all systems such the GI tract, the skin, the respiratory system, and the central nervous system.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Magnitude, Cause and Manner of Medico-legal Cases in A Tertiary Care Hospital, New Delhi
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Naik Shrabana , Prakash Anupam , Singh Sukhdeep
Published: June 2023

Nature and magnitude of medico-legal cases vary from hospital to hospital and from area to area and from time to time. Analysis of medico-legal cases can give an insight into the behaviours and activities of the people in and around the area. The present study was conducted at SSKH, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi from 1st January, 2021 till 31st June, 2022 to evaluate the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the magnitude and nature of medico-legal cases. The number of MLCs were found reduced by 24% in the year 2020 (due to Omicron variant of Covid virus) and reduced further by 54% in the year 2021 (due to deadlier Delta variant of Covid virus) than the year 2019. In the year 2019, daily average of MLCs was 7.07. During the Covid-19 pandemic years 2020 and 2021, the daily average of the MLCs was dropped to 5.34. and 3.19 respectively. During the nation-wide complete lockdown in India from 24th March, 2020 till 14th April, 2020, the daily average of the MLCs had dropped to the minimum i.e. 1.5. Though the magnitude of MLCs reduced to great extent during lockdown days and pandemic years, however, no significant variations were noticed in nature (cause and manner) of medico-legal cases. Homicidal blunt force trauma, accidental road traffic collision and suicidal poisoning remained three major causes of medico-legal cases respectively in the years 2019, 2020 and 2021, almost in same proportions.
Obesity in Pregnant Women and Its Impact on Maternal and Neonatal Morbidity
Authors: Wanaditya Glenn Kristie , Putra I Wayan Artana , Aryana Made Bagus Dwi , Mulyana Ryan Saktika
Published: June 2023

Obesity in pregnancy is currently a health problem that is associated with increased maternal and neonatal morbidity. Along with the times and lifestyles that are more modern, the incidence of obesity is also increasing. Clinically, obesity is defined as the condition of having excess adipose tissue. Obesity is related to insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. This makes obesity a risk factor for various non-contagious diseases such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cancer. The health consequences of maternal obesity are based on low-grade, chronic (meta-inflammatory) inflammation that occurs as a result of changes in the immune system and proinflammatory cytokines in maternal obesity and pregnancy. Obesity can have a negative impact on maternal, neonatal and labor outcomes. Several maternal complications that can occur due to obesity (BMI 30-34.9) and morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 35) are hypertension during pregnancy (10.2-12.3%), preeclampsia (3-6.3%), gestational diabetes (6.3-9.5%). Risks that can occur to the fetus, such as the occurrence of macrosomia (15.4-17.2%), preterm birth (4-5.5%) and impaired fetal growth (1-0.8%). Maternal obesity is also associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects (NTD) in babies, as well as a higher risk of abortion (1.70-3.11%). Obesity also has an impact on the delivery process. Mothers with obesity have a higher rate of vaginal operative procedures (8.5-11.1%), labor induction and longer duration of labor. The increase in caesarean section deliveries is caused by the occurrence of complications due to maternal obesity, namely the occurrence of preeclampsia, fetal distress, macrosomia, and induction failure.
Outcome of Typhoid Intestinal Perforation Management in a Tertiary Hospital, North-Central Nigeria
Authors: Abdurrazzaaq Abdussemee Idowu , Grimah Vechu , Yakubu Ahmed Ashuku
Published: June 2023

Background: Typhoid intestinal perforation is the most common surgical complication and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in typhoid fever.

Aim: To determine the treatment outcome of patients with typhoid intestinal perforation.

Methods: A single-centre retrospective study involving retrieving case notes of all consecutive patients who had surgeries for peritonitis secondary to typhoid intestinal perforation from October 2016 to September 2017. Data were collected with a designed case report form and analysed.

Results: Sixty-nine patients had surgeries for typhoid intestinal perforation, of which forty-five (65.2%) were males. The median (range) age of the participants was 10(4-44) years. The commonest complications were surgical site infections 49 (71%) and wound dehiscence 17 (24.6%). The median (range) post-operative hospital stay among the survivors was 13 (7 – 50) days. Enterocutaneous fistula and wound dehiscence were responsible for prolonged hospital stay (x2= 30.126, p value< 0.001 and x2= 45.777, p value< 0.001 respectively). The overall mortality rate was 19 (27.5%). Under-five children had the highest mortality rate 5/15 (33.3%). Mortality was found to be more common among females though the association was not statistically significant (p value = 0.052). Mortality was significantly associated with extended surgical procedures (p value= 0.027).

Conclusion: The reported cases of typhoid intestinal perforations at the study centre were high but the mortality rate was comparable to other similar studies in Nigeria. Mortality from typhoid perforation remains high, and the pathology is best prevented
Laryngeal NK/T Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Chekrine Tarik , Bourhafour Mouna , Moustakbal Chorouk , Bouchbika Zineb , Benchakroun Nadia , Jouhadi Hassan , Tawfiq Nezha , Jabri Lamia , Mahtar Mohamed , Madani Abdellah , Sahraoui Souha
Published: June 2023

Extranodal Natural Killer T-cell lymphoma, nasal type represent a rare and aggressive entity of the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Laryngeal localization is rare and has a poor prognosis. We report the case of a 66-year-old patient who consulted for dyspnea, dysphonia and dysphagia. Endoscopic examination revealed an endo-laryngeal lesion. Anatomopathological study with immunohistochemistry concluded to a peripheral T NK/T-cell lymphoma nasal type. The extension workup was without abnormalities. Induction chemotherapy without anthracyclines was administered followed by conformal radiotherapy with intensity modulation in arctotherapy. Significant advances have been made over the past decade including better clarification of clinical heterogeneity, more accurate classification using imaging modalities, establishment of new prognostic models, and sequential use of anthracycline-free radiotherapy and chemotherapy in early stages and risk-adapted first-line treatment strategies in advanced stages.