bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Grammar and Ritual in Indian Theoretical Culture and the Western Ideal of “Pure Theory”: an Intercultural Approach
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lysenko Viktoria G.
Published: February 2023

The article reveals the intercultural significance of the impact of the Paninean grammar of Sanskrit (ca. IV century B.C.) on the formation of Western linguis­tics – the general theory of language, comparative historical linguistics, other comparative disciplines, as well as generative grammar, structuralism and for­malism. We are dealing here with a specific contribution of Indian theoretical knowledge to a number of important areas of Western science and philosophy. In ancient India itself, the genesis of grammatical and linguistic discourse was closely connected with the Brahmanical theory of Vedic sacrifice, which had the character of ritual- and sound-centrism. Ritual was regarded as a model of activity and behavior under the condition of an unstable confrontation between the forces of chaos and order. Sound-centrism constituted a priority of the oral transmission of knowledge in ancient India. The author associates ritual- and sound-centric doctrines with the conceptual expression of the dy­namic nature of reality by means of the “perfect language” – Sanskrit. The fact that in ancient India the grammar was a part of the “software” for ritualistic dis­cursive practices introduces some new perspectives within the study of the gene­sis of theoretical knowledge. In contrast to the hypothesis of “pure theory” sug­gested in Ancient Greece and acknowledged as a trigger for the development of philosophy and science in the West, an opportunity opens up to study the gen­esis of theoretical culture within the framework of justifying religious praxis (F. Staal’s hypothesis). This may actualize the reflection of “Indo-European lan­guage family relations” between Western civilization and Indian culture and en­rich their self-understanding by the introduction of an intercultural perspective.
The “Roman Idea” in V.I. Lamansky’s Civilization Concept
Authors:   Petersburg State University, Malinov Alexsey V.
Published: February 2023

The article deals with the doctrine of empire by the largest Russian Slavist, V.I. Lamansky. It is noted that for Lamansky the empire is not connected with any particular type of government, such as autocracy, but is a civilizational form. Politically, empire is ductile. It can include various state formations, en­suring peace and pious order within its borders. With its state power and mili­tary might, an empire unites peoples and regions by the strength of its spiritual superiority and cultural dominance. Historically, the first example of an empire was the Roman Empire, which was reborn in the East under the influence of Christianity. After the fall of Byzantium, Russia became the successor of the idea of empire. Its role in history was to protect and preserve the peoples of the Greco-Slavic or Middle World. The Empire, as a civilizational form, cre­ated conditions for distinctive political, religious, moral and cultural develop­ment of peoples and allowed them to act as independent subjects of world-his­torical development. At the same time Lamansky showed that in the West there were also attempts to revive the Empire, but all of them were fiction and usurpation, since in Europe, starting from Charlemagne, they reproduced only external attributes of the Empire and perceived it exclusively as a large state form, ignoring the religious and moral meaning of the idea of empire. The mod­ern heirs of the empire are Anglo-Saxon nations, and the center of the Western world is moving to North America. The article shows that, according to Laman­sky, the various types of intolerance and enmity of Romano-Germanic peoples to representatives of the Greek-Slavic world are only particular cases of civi­lizational antagonism of the two worlds. Lamansky’s analysis of empire is a part of his geopolitical and civilisational doctrine, which has only in recent years begun to attract the attention of researchers.
Soteriology of Hindu Tantric Sādhana Part II
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy of Man, Herzen University, Pakhomov Sergey V.
Published: February 2023

The article continues the theme of the tantric sādhana’s soteriology and analyses stages of the spiritual tantric path. Depending on the specific text or school, dif­ferent stages of such a path can be distinguished. We consider the spiritual tantric path, consisting of 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 stages. Three stages of practice are considered by Satyananda Saraswati (purification, “inspiration”, connection). Three stages are also mentioned in the Sahajiyā’s treatise “The Necklace of Immortality” by Mukundadāsa (17th cent.). Bhāskararāya (18th cent.) marks five hierarchical levels of liberation, reducing them to three “city”, or stages of the path (pious life, reverence for the higher Self and reverence for the undifferentiated Abso­lute). Kashmir Śaivism develops a system of four “means”, one of which (the so-called “non-means”, which in turn is divided into two types) opposes the others. G. Kaviraj develops the idea of four stages of the spiritual path (indirect knowl­edge of Self, removal of doubts, direct knowledge and recognition). The Svac­chanda Tantra knows the five stages of the development process. There is also a model of six paths (ṣaḍadhvan) in Tantrism, which is appropriate to consider in the context of pravṛtti-nivṛtti, analyzed in our previous publication in this journal. A brief overview of the “six paths” is given by Maheśvarānanda (14th cent.). The very concept of the “stages” may go against the monistic posi­tions of a number of tantric schools (i.e. Trika), reflecting on the moment of lib­eration, but any such moment is preceded by a long preparatory work. There is another version of the “six paths” (viz. Yoginī Hṛdaya) as the stages of spiritual development and deepening of the levels of tantric hermeneutics. Finally, the septenary model of development (acara) includes the hierarchization of various spiritual systems and actually means the levels of development of an individual.
Post-working Society: Synthetic Freedom and Work Ethics
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Nesterov Oleg G.
Published: February 2023

The relevance of the article is due to the significant changes taking place in the field of human labor activity, caused by the transition from an industrial society to a digital one. The scientific community is increasingly talking about the labor crisis, the destabilization of the labor sphere, the growth of labor automation and its consequences, the increase in the social vulnerability of workers, on the basis of which they build various and far from rosy forecasts for the future. In the arti­cle, we turn to the concept of “post-labor society” by modern labor theorists Nick Srnicek and Alex Williams, which proposes conditions for the transition to a new type of society in which labor will be reduced to a minimum and the indi­vidual will expand his freedom. Our focus is on the actualization and continua­tion of the discourse on the evolution of labor and attitudes towards work in the context of increasing technization and digitalization of society, the issue of up­dating the culture and ethics of work and the model of the worker of the informa­tion age. Based on a critical analysis of the concept of “post-labour society” by Nick Srnicek and Alex Williams, the author of the article comes to the conclu­sion that the proposed approach is complex as an advantage over other theoreti­cal models and the need for a critical rethinking of the definition of the “post-la­bor society”, namely the understanding of “freedom” and UBI.
The Problem of the Meaning of Death in Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings Part II. Endless and Mortal World of Tolkien
Authors:   Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Monin Maxim A.
Published: February 2023

This article deals with the theme of death in Tolkien’s trilogy “The Lord of the Rings”, which both the author himself and numerous researchers of his texts rec­ognized as the key to understanding of the entire religious and philosophical content of his work. Here this topic is analyzed within the framework of the se­mantic opposition formulated by the concepts of “being towards death” and “es­caping from death”. The article attempts to compare how the theme of death is revealed in a new literary genre which developed during and shortly after the Second World War – the author’s fairy tale (intended primarily for adults) – and how this theme is presented in the concepts of post-war existentialism, espe­cially by Sartre and Heidegger. As a methodology for this comparison this article uses the theory of P. Ricoeur – according to which both literature and philosophy can be considered as two different and partly opposite strategies for “taming time” (by turning it into human time, the time of culture). In the context of this theory, the article also analyzes another problem related to the first one, namely the problem of the mutual influence of the “real world” of human history and the “fictional world” of a literary work. The article confirms the idea expressed by Ricoeur that large-scale events of history can be reflected in a literary work indi­rectly (namely by using complication of the spatio-temporal structure that forms the artistic world of the work). In particular, events such as world wars, which sharply raise the questions of the meaning of history and the meaning of human life, can find interpretation in literary works that “recreate” the space of life and meaning with their own narrative means, both in relation to the individual – and the world as a whole.
A bulk Schottky junction for high-sensitivity portable radiation detectors
Authors: Xiao Zhengguo , Zhang Yihan , Huang Zongming , Gao Ning , Xu Xie , Li Yaping , Zheng Cheng , Yang Yidong , Zhao Jingjing
Published: February 2023

The active layer thickness of X-ray detectors needs to reach hundreds of micrometers to absorb X-ray photons, and therefore, high voltages over tens or hundreds of volts should be applied to extract the X-ray generated carriers1-3. The high voltage causes several issues including current drift, performance degradation, and operation insecurity4,5. Here, we propose a bulk Schottky junction (BSJ) for X-ray detector using interpenetrated microporous-carbon electrodes and metal-halide perovskite networks. In the BSJ, the X-ray-generated holes are extracted by the microporous-carbon electrodes under the built-in electric field, while the electrons in the perovskite result in a high gain effect. The BSJ-based detector achieves a high sensitivity of 1.42×105 μC Gyair-1 cm-2 and a low detection limit of 35 nGyair s-1 at a low voltage of -1 V. We fabricate a dry battery-powered portable X-ray alarm prototype which responds 24 times faster than the commercial Geiger-Müller counter tube. The BSJ-based detector maintains 92% of its initial sensitivity after storage for five months and exposure to 28.8 Gyair, equivalent to 144000 chest X-ray examinations. The BSJ-based detector arrays also show remarkable uniformity and decent spatial resolution up to 5.0 lp/mm, demonstrating its potential application in X-ray imaging.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF AUTOLOGOUS SERUM THERAPY (AST) IN (+VE) AND (-VE) CHRONIC SPONTANEOUS URTICARIA PATIENTS
Authors:   Department of Venereology and Leprosy, KIMS, Bengalore., Narayanappa Monisha , Kumar B.C Sharath ,   Department of Venereology and Leprosy, KIMS, Bengalore., Kumar Pillai Jai ,   Department of Venereology and Leprosy, KIMS, Bengalore.
Published: February 2023

The Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU) is a common and distressing skin condition that causes red , raised , itchy and sometimes painful hives or wheals (raised rash or patches ) on the skin without known obvious trigger. It present daily for at least six weeks and is referred to as spontaneous when symptoms are not triggered by a known cause. The CSU is an unpredictable and debilating condition which can affects daily life in many ways, including sleep deprivation , anxiety and social isolation. Due to the lack of literature on CSU at the population level, proximal treatment algorithms are developed in limited resource countries. In this pragmatic approach, many studies have explored such treatment and challenges worldwide. The current study makes an effort to show the safety and effectiveness of autologous serum therapy in autologous serum therapy (+ve) and (-ve) groups in this setting. 200 (autologous serum therapy +ve and -ve) CSU known patients were administered autologous serum therapy in various time intervals (from the baseline to the eighth week). Each follow-up patient was closely observed, and any adverse events (safety and efficacy) were recorded. The Dermatologic Life Quality Index and the Urticaria Activity Score (UAS) were used to evaluate all patients (DLQI). According to the findings, there were substantial improvements in the UAS-7 and DLQI at the eight and twelfth weeks (P=0.001). Mild erythema and pain at the injection site were the only unfavourable reactions seen (9%) in participants overall, with strong specificity (98.11%), sensitivity (89.56%), PPV (75.42), NPV-(71.24), accuracy (80.52), and odds ratio (>1). In conclusion, many patients may benefit from this more recent medication, which has been proved to be more effective and safe.
AIT ET SCA REVELANT UN MYXOME DE L ATRIUM GAUCHE
Authors: Moussa Walid M. , M. Aicha Houssein , G. Liban Abdillahi , Naoufal Chouaib , Zidouh Saad , Lahcen Belyamani
Published: February 2023

Le myxome est une tumeur benigne, representant la tumeur cardiaque la plus frequente. Sa gravite repose sur ses complications, notamment emboliques. Nous rapportons le cas dun myxome de loreillette gauche complique de syndrome coronarien aigu etdaccident ischemique transitoire. La patiente a ete operee et subie une exerese de la tumeur avec des suites operatoires simples. Le but de cette observationest de montrer le potentiel embolique du myxome qui rend cette tumeur grave et nous insistons sur la precocite de la prise en charge.
SUCCESSFUL AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF VICHARCHIKA (ECZEMA) - A CASE STUDY
Authors:   Assistant Professor Department of Shalya Tantra, Rama Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital, Rama University Kanpur U.P., Gupta Anuruddh , Verma Meenakshi ,   Assistant Professor Department of Kayachikitsa, Rama Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital, Rama University Kanpur U.P.
Published: February 2023

Vicharchika is skin lesions of varying size with inflammation, severe itching sensation, with bleeding in some cases, and this condition is as distressing as it causes disfigurement by affecting cosmetic look of an individual. In the present case study a 60 years old female consulted in Out-patient Department of Kayachikitsa Rama Ayurvedic Hospital, Rama University Mandhana Kanpur Uttar Pradesh Complain of the patient was recurrent skin rashes with redness, skin edema, intense itching, with crusting of skin flaking, blistering, cracking, oozing and bleeding of upper layer of skin over both hands. By examining the signs and symptoms of complaints of patient was diagnosed with vicharchika. In the present case report patient was intended to treat with some ayurvedic formulations under the treatment of Vicharchika.Vicharchika according to Ayurveda is Rakta Pradoshaja Vikara being involved of three Dosha with dominance of Kapha. The management available in current mainstream medicine is unsatisfactory. Various Ayurvedic treatments have been in use for these manifestations. The patient was considered suffering from Vicharchika and was treated with ayurvedic medicines. Patients condition was assessed for signs and symptoms of eczema which were cured after the treatment. This study is carried out as per International conference of Harmonization-Good Clinical Practices Guidelines (ICH-GCP) as per Declaration of Helsinki guidelines. This study shows that the cases of eczema can be successfully managed with Ayurvedic treatment only without any complications and side effects.
FASCINATING STORIES ABOUT CAMBODIAN RELIGION-AN BREAKDOWN
Authors:   Assistant Professor P.G &Research Department of History Iqbal College, Peringammala., A. Sanithabeevi
Published: February 2023

Cambodia is among the countries where people have the strongest and most absolute faith in religion in the world. Since the dawn of the nation, the holy spirit has been a crucial part of daily life. Nowadays, the imprint of traditional cults and creeds is apparent in both the lifestyle and the architecture of the Cambodian. Exploring Cambodian religion, you will step into a whole new world full of myths and legends. In general, Buddhism is the official Cambodian religion. About 97% of the Cambodian population are Buddhist followers. Most of them are Theravada Buddhist. Other popular religions include Islam (2.1%), Christianity (1.3%), and ethnic religions (0.3%). Buddhism plays such an essential part that Dhamma teachings in monasteries with Sangha (monks) developing in most of the temples in Cambodia. Over time the original beliefs of Theravada Buddhism did integrate with the local rituals to create an indigenous culture of the Cambodian.
EFFECTIVENESS OF COMMUNITY BASED COMPREHENSIVE LIFESTYLE PROMOTION PACKAGE ON CARDIO-VASCULAR RISK(BIOCHEMICAL RISK PARAMETERS) AMONG ADULTS WITH HYPERTENSION IN SOUTH INDIA
Authors:   Nursing Tutor, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, Chennai., P. Tamilselvi , V. Jayaraman ,   Research Associate, Plastic Surgeon, Child Trust Hospital, Chennai.
Published: February 2023

To assess the effectiveness of community based comprehensive lifestyle promotion package on cardio-vascular risk (biochemical parameters risk score) among adult with hypertension. Methodology: Quantitative approach, true experimental design was adopted in the study. 200 samples in experimental and 198 samples in control group who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected using probability sampling technique. Cardio-vascular risk (biochemical parameters risk score) was assessed by using laboratory values. Results: The chi-square analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the experimental and control group in the pre test. In post test 3 there was statistically significant difference in the biochemical parameter risk score between experimental and control group. In post test 3 total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL, Triglyceridesrisk reduction score were138.93, 54.06, 117.85, 23.22, 127.70respectively among experimental group whereas in the control group risk reduction score was 160.90, 49.09,123.62, 29.38, 135.94. Student independent t-test (t=8.65 at p=0.001, t=5.69 at p=0.001, t=3.29 at p=0.01, t=9.39 at p=0.001, t=1.97 at p=0.05) showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control group in the post test 3. Results also revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between pretest and post test 3 (F=116.58, 39.54, 26.05, 43.33and 104.9 respectively at p=0.001 level) only in the experimental group alone. Conclusion: The results revealed that the community based comprehensive lifestyle promotion package was effective in reducing the biochemical parameter risk score and thus preventing the cardiovascular diseases hence can be utilized as a step in prevention of cardiovascular risk among adult with hypertension.
COGNITIVE AND NON-COGNITIVE PARAMETERS OF JOB SATISFACTION OFSCHOOL TEACHERS
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Education, University of Kalyani, W.B., Ram Roy Dhani , Bhattacharyya Dibyendu ,   Department of Education, University of Kalyani, W.B.
Published: February 2023

Academic competency is the primary requirement for teaching profession, but it is true that some basic attributes are necessary to be an effective teacher and should have a good character, sound teaching attitude, accountability, empathy, sound mental health, liking for job and job satisfaction. According to Paul Spectres (1985), Job satisfaction is about liking your jobs and findings fulfilment in what you do, in combines an individual feelings and emotions about his profession and how his job affects his personal life. Job satisfaction is the function of a set of variables such as intelligence, socio-economic status, personality characteristics, social acceptance occupational commitment organizational climate etc. and moreover educational qualification, self-concept, mental health, and occupational stress are also important affecting variables for the job satisfaction of the teachers. We cannot have output-based education system unless it is based on job satisfaction of teachers. But it has been observed that only cognitive excellence is not sufficient condition for enabling job-satisfaction and others non cognitive factors to be added or to be practiced in an institution for acquiring job satisfaction to be explored in the present paper. The study was a Qualitative research approach. Qualitative analysis has been conducted for finding out Cognitive and Non-Cognitive factors. Based on Coding and Categorizing Cognitive and non-cognitive factors of Job Satisfaction have been Identified.
THE OPTIMAL ATTACHMENT DESIGN AND POSITION DURING ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT WITH REMOVABLE THERMOPLASTIC ALIGNER FOR EXTRUSION OF MAXILLARY CENTRAL INCISOR:FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS
Authors:   Dentist at the Egyptian Ministry of Health., Salah Abdel-Razek Sarah , E. Salama Ahmed ,   Professor, Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine (For Girls), Al-Azhar University., Mohammed Ibrahim Diab Amany ,   Lecturer, Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine (For Girls), Al-Azhar University.
Published: February 2023

Objectives:Finite element analysis (FEA) is a non-invasive virtual model it has the advantage of being able to forecast the results without direct application to patients.The current study was conducted to simulate various shapes and positions of attachments for the extrusion orthodontic treatment scenarios of maxillary central incisor using the FEA to originate the optimum shape of attachment for each condition and to analyse the best position for attachments by simulating diverse attachment positions for each attachment. Materials and Methods:This study was conducted to identify the optimal attachment designs (square, round, and triangle) and positions (incisal, middle, and gingival) with RTA during extrusion and intrusion movement of a maxillary central incisor model tooth using FEA. To construct several models and evaluate stress distribution and displacement for comparative analysis, this study used FEA.Specimens preparation was performed as 3D finite geometric models.This study did not employ statistical analysis. Results: The round-shaped attachment was projected to be the most suitable attachment form for the extrusion of maxillary incisor tooth movement. The lower middle position is optimal during central incisor extrusion. Conclusion:When the attachments were manufactured in a round shape and placed in the lower middle position a lot of stress was applied to them by the RTA orthodontic device.
LEIOMYOMAS
Authors: Gayathri Yalamandala
Published: February 2023

Leiomyomas are the most common pelvic tumors presenting in the reproductive Age group. Cervical fibroids are very rare contributing to 1 to 2 % of all uterine fibroids. We report a case of 40years nulliparous female presented with heavy menstrual bleeding Since 5 months. Bimanual examination revealed mass of size 7cm*6cms noted in the vagina and cervical os could not be felt. Ultrasound of pelvis revealed cervical fibroid of size 6.2 cm*6.1cm*6.6cms occupying lower part of uterus and cervix. On laparotomy showed a large Fibroid of size 8cm*7cms arising from cervical region. Enucleation followed by total abdominal hysterectomy done. Large cervical fibroids are rare and a challenge to gynaecologist due to close proximity to bladder and ureter. Carefull dissection by expert hands help in management of such cases.
Dynamic characteristics analysis of a circular vibrating screen
Authors: Wang Yuanchen , Wang Zhenqian , Zhang Min , Xu Bowen , Song Yunhao
Published: February 2023

Aiming at the structural reliability and operation stability of the vibrating screen, this study takes the 2460 double-layer circular vibrating screen as the research object, applies Creo to build a three-dimensional model of the vibrating screen, and uses ANSYS Workbench to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the vibrating screen. Through modal analysis, the natural frequencies and vibration modes of the vibrating screen are obtained. Through harmonic response analysis, the displacement and stress distribution of the vibrating screen at its working frequency are achieved. The analysis results show that the vibrating operates stably without transverse swing, the stress distribution of the screen body is uniform, can bear large dynamic loads, and has good structural strength and stiffness. This research provides a reference for the design of the domestic circular vibrating screen.
Preparation of multistage microporous and mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbon nanospheres and study on electrocatalytic oxygen reduction
Authors: Rao Houdong , Shan Shuxi , Zhang Dongyang , Zhang Ling , Wang Wenfei
Published: February 2023

Non-metallic carbon-based catalysts are one of the most promising catalysts for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction (ORR). However, the controlled synthesis of the pore structures of carbon-based catalysts and the determination of catalytic sites still remains to be further explored. Based on this, two nitrogen-doped carbon-based catalysts with microporous and mesoporous structures were prepared in this paper. The two catalysts had different pore structures and nitrogen-doped species. The experimental results showed that the carbon-based catalyst (PC-NH3) rich in microporous structure and pyridine nitrogen doping had better catalytic performance, the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction performance of the catalyst was comparable to that of the platinum catalyst, and it had excellent methanol resistance and stability. This study provided important guidance for the application of porous carbon materials in oxygen reduction.
Horizontal residual displacement of reinforced soil retaining wall under seismic forcing
Authors: Lu Liang , Liu Peng
Published: February 2023

As a new type of flexible retaining structure, reinforced soil retaining wall is widely used in civil engineering and highway engineering because of good seismic performance and economy. The residual displacement under seism is one of the most important parameters to evaluate the seismic performance of reinforced soil retaining wall. The related theoretical research is rare. Taking the pseudo-dynamic method and kinematic differential equation as the theoretical basis, considering the residual deformation under large magnitude, a theoretical method is proposed to calculate the residual displacement of reinforced soil retaining wall under seismic. The rationality and accuracy of the theoretical method is verified by centrifuge model test. The results would provide some reference for the performance design and damage evaluation of reinforced soil retaining wall.
Experimental study on electrostatic atomization effect of capillary-plate electrode
Authors: Liu Jianhe , Sun Changqing
Published: February 2023

The electrostatic atomization effect of liquid in high voltage electrostatic field was studied under capillary-flat electrodes. The effects of charging voltage, liquid flow rate, and the distance between a capillary and flat electrode on droplet size distribution were analyzed by the DP-02 laser particle size analyzer. The single-factor method was used to analyze the effects. The experimental results show that the charging voltage, the liquid flow rate, and the distance between the capillary and the plate electrode greatly influence the droplet's atomization effect. The median particle size D50 and the distribution span (Span) decrease with the increase of charging voltage, the reduction of liquid flow and the decline of the distance between capillary and plate electrode. That is, the droplet particle size distribution is better, and thus the droplet electrostatic atomization effect is better.
Effect of SCM435 initial microstructure and annealing process on spheroidization grade and properties
Authors: Zhu Shuai , Zhen Xianfeng , Wang Guangshun , Ma Chunyu , Cao Changfa
Published: February 2023

In order to research the evolution of microstructures and properties of SCM435 wire rod after annealing with different initial structures, two kinds of initial microstructure (B+M and F+P) SCM435 wire rods were used to simulate spheroidizing annealing, softening annealing and stress relief annealing processes respectively. The results show that under the same process conditions, the spheroidization grade of B+M was 1-2 higher than that of F+P, while the hardness does not decrease with the increase of spheroidization grade. The analysis indicated that precipitation strengthening occurs not only in the micro alloy composition system, but also in carbon steel. By control the size and amount of cementite precipitation particles, obvious strengthening effect can also be produced. Besides, after high-temperature annealing, low spheroidization grade sample has more massive ferrite and concentrated cementite, causing the hardness decreasing. In addition, the differences between the simulation process and the industrial production process are analyzed to provide guidance for formulating annealing process of different enterprises and equipment.
Dynamics of a wheeled robot driven by an unbalanced rotor and equipped with the overrunning clutches
Authors: Korendiy Vitaliy , Kachur Oleksandr , Gurey Volodymyr , Kuzio Igor , Hurey Tetyana , Havrylchenko Oleksandr
Published: February 2023

Vibration-driven locomotion principles are currently of significant interest among designers and researchers dealing with mobile robotics. Among a great variety of robots chasses, the wheeled ones are the most commonly used. The major purpose of this study consists in defining the dynamic characteristics of the wheeled vibration-driven robot equipped with the centrifugal (inertial) vibration exciter (unbalanced rotor) and overrunning clutches ensuring the robot’s wheels rotation in one direction. The research methodology is divided into three basic stages: developing the robot’s dynamic diagram and deriving the motion equations followed by numerical modeling in the Mathematica software; designing the 3D-model and simulating the robot motion in the SolidWorks software; creating the experimental prototype and conducting the full-scale tests. The obtained results show the time dependencies of the robot’s body acceleration, speed, and displacement at certain operational conditions. The main scientific novelty of the paper resides in substantiating the relationships between the robot’s design parameters and its dynamic characteristics under different operational conditions. The performed investigations can be useful for researchers and designers dealing with vibration-driven robots, capsule-type locomotion systems, pipelines inspecting vehicles, etc.
Development and simulation of a device for upper limb rehabilitation
Authors: Dauren Bizhanov , Zhetenbayev Nursultan , Balbayev Gani , Shingissov Beibit , Arailym Nussibaliyeva , Saltanat Yussupova
Published: February 2023

Robotics with exoskeletons has opened a new era of research in the field of modern rehabilitation and assistive technologies. The technology promises to improve the functionality of the upper limbs, which are necessary for daily operations. Exoskeleton technology is developing rapidly but requires interdisciplinary research to solve technical problems such as kinematic compatibility and the development of effective human-robot interaction. This article presents a new design of a device that helps to rehabilitate the upper extremities. The proposed design is characterized by a lightweight structure with an adaptable geometry for various users with low cost and easy to wear characteristics. The CAD model is developed for design details and for modeling, the results of which provide data on the feasibility of the proposed design and its characteristics in the main operational characteristics.
Ближний порядок в "неупорядоченных" твердых растворах алюминия в α-железе
Authors: Ершов Н.В. , Клейнерман Н.М. , Лукшина В.А. , Черненков Ю.П. , Шишкин Д.А. , Смирнов О.П. , Семенов В.Г.
Published: February 2023

The atomic structure of soft magnetic iron-aluminum alloys is studied by X-ray diffraction and nuclear gamma-resonance spectroscopy. The concentration dependence of the body-centered cubic lattice constant and the short-range order (SRO) parameters in the region of a disordered solid solution is monitored. It is shown that in the concentration range from 3 to 18 at.% Al, the lattice constant increases almost linearly. Discrete decomposition of nuclear gamma resonance spectra makes it possible to determine such SRO parameters as the relative fractions of contributions from coordinations without Al atoms and with one, two, and three Al atoms in the first and second coordination shells. The deviation of the values of these fractions from the average statistical probabilities indicates the presence of a chemical order in the arrangement of atoms. The largest deviations are observed at 12 and 15 at.% Al. Conditions of preliminary heat treatment, such as quenching from the paramagnetic state and holding in the ferromagnetic state, give very similar values of the SRO parameters. The method is characterized by a high resolution in the hyperfine field, while having a rather high sensitivity for determining the intensity of individual contributions.
Увеличение критического тока сверхпроводящих композитов при имплантации ионов железа
Authors: Руднев И.А. , Подливаев А.И. , Абин Д.А. , Покровский С.В. , Стариковский А.С. , Батулин Р.Г. , Федин П.А. , Прянишников К.Е. , Кулевой Т.В.
Published: February 2023

The results of studying the effect of ion irradiation (Fe2+ ions E=5.6 MeV) in the modes of creating radiation defects and implantation on the critical current of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) composites are presented. An analysis was made of both the integral critical current obtained from measurements of the total magnetization of the samples and the local critical current determined from the data of scanning Hall magnetometry. It is shown that at the same ion fluence Ф=2‧1013 cm-2, an increase in the critical current Jc is observed in the ion implantation regime, while in the regime of radiation defects, a slight drop in Jc is observed. This circumstance indicates an enhancement of pinning due to the additional magnetic interaction of Abrikosov vortices with magnetic ions implanted in the HTS layer.
Рассеяние обменных спиновых волн границей раздела двуосных ферромагнетиков со взаимным антиферромагнитным упорядочением
Authors: Пойманов В.Д.
Published: February 2023

The scattering of exchange spin waves caused by the interface between antiferromagnetically ordered magnetic media is studied. It is shown that, in contrast to the case of uniaxial magnets, when the scattered wave is evanescent, in this case, emission of a propagated wave is possible, the amplitude of which is determined by the difference between the biaxial anisotropy constants.
Магнитоэлектрические свойства феррита-граната самария
Authors: Плохов Д.И. , Попов А.И. , Звездин А.К.
Published: February 2023

The magnetoelectricity of samarium iron garnet is theoretically investigated: the antiferroelectric structures of samarium ions are described and their connection with the configurations of the magnetic moments of the ions and their transformations during magnetic phase transitions is revealed. The possibility of the appearance at low temperatures of unusual Bloch domain walls, in which the magnetization vector rotates from the [uv0] axes to the [vu0] axes, which are not crystal symmetry axes, is established. The electric polarization of Bloch domain walls, which are realized both at low (T → 0 K) and high temperatures, is studied. It has been established that the electric polarization of Bloch boundaries, which arises because of an inhomogeneous magnetoelectric effect, depends significantly on their shape.
Влияние примеси тулия на диэлектрические и пироэлектрические свойства монокристаллов ниобата бария стронция
Authors: Кислова И.Л. , Сергеева О.Н. , Щеглова А.И. , Зварич М.С. , Лыков П.А. , Ивлева Л.И.
Published: February 2023

It has been shown that the introduction of thulium impurity into the crystals of strontium barium (SBN:61) niobate leads to an increase in the dielectric constant value and the blur region of the phase transition. External field polarization partially stabilizes the polar state of the samples, however, the heterogeneous distribution of polarization across the thickness of the studied samples indicates the existence of regions with a developed domain structure characteristic of highly doped crystals.
Взаимная трансформация световых волн при встречном взаимодействии на отражательной голографической решетке в кристалле Bi-=SUB=-12-=/SUB=-SiO-=SUB=-20-=/SUB=- среза (001)
Authors: Навныко В.Н. , Макаревич А.В.
Published: February 2023

The features of energy exchange during the contra-directional mixing of two linearly polarized light waves in a cubic photorefractive Bi12SiO20 piezocrystal of (001)-cut are analyzed. The dependences of the relative intensity of the signal wave on the azimuth of its polarization at the entrance to the crystal during mixing with the reference wave polarized in the plane of incidence are theoretically studied for various crystal orientation angles. The dependence of the relative intensity of the signal wave on the azimuth of its polarization is experimentally studied for the cases when the vector amplitudes of light waves propagating in the crystal are parallel and perpendicular to each other. The calculation is based on the numerical solution of the coupled waves equations with and without taking into account the self-diffraction of the light waves by the reflection holographic grating recorded in the crystal. Based on a comparison of theoretical and experimental data, the influence of self-diffraction on the mutual transformation of light waves during their contra-directional mixing is analyzed. The limits of applicability of the static grating and the dynamic grating approximations for solution of the coupled waves equations are determined.
Закономерности формирования электропроводящих свойств окислов ряда Магнели
Authors: Ильинский А.В. , Шадрин Е.Б.
Published: February 2023

The hybridization of vanadium ions and oxygen ions is considered for four vanadium oxides included in the Magneli series: VO, V2O3, VO2, V2O5. Based on the data on hybridization, the details of the structure of the crystal lattice of these oxides are analyzed. For each oxide, the role of electrons not participating in the stabilization of the crystal frame in the process of the semiconductor-metal phase transition was revealed. The complex Mott-Peierls character of the phase transitions in all the listed strongly correlated compounds has been established. It is shown that as the degree of oxidation of the V atom increases, the numerical value of the metallic conductivity of the high-temperature phase naturally decreases and, simultaneously, the temperature of the phase transition from the semiconductor to the metallic state increases. Keywords: phase transitions, Magneli series, electron correlations, hybridization of atomic orbitals.
Фазовые переходы в моноклинном ZrO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-
Authors: Горелов В.П. , Беляков С.А. , Абдурахимова Р.К.
Published: February 2023

Zirconia ZrO2 is one of the most important modern materials, but its use faces the problem of complex polymorphism. It is generally accepted that, under normal conditions, it exists in the monoclinic form P21/c, (No. 14), which undergoes an extended martensitic transformation into the tetragonal form P42/nmc (No. 137) when heated above 1000 ºС. However, the group-theoretic analysis forbids a direct transition between these space groups and requires at least two intermediate forms. The experiment carried out in this work using structure-sensitive methods (dilatometry and electrical conductivity) indeed revealed the existence of singular points on the temperature dependences of expansion and conductivity in the temperature range of 350±20 ºС and 730±20 ºС. This agrees with the literature data, which demonstrate singular points on the temperature dependences of the ZrO2 monoclinic lattice parameters. According to the dilatometry data, these transitions are phase transitions of the second order, which correlates with the obtained Raman data (measurements at temperatures up to 900 ºС in the range 60 – 900 cm-1), showing that the local structure changes slightly, therefore, the transitions occur within the framework of the monoclinic syngony.
Исследование влияния облучения ионами азота на состояние поверхности лития
Authors: Ашхотов О.Г. , Магкоев Т.Т. , Ашхотова И.Б.
Published: February 2023

A comparison of the surface of solid lithium in the atomically pure state, after contact with oxygen, nitrogen and after irradiation with N+ ions with an energy of 0.6 keV at a current density of 2 µA/mm2 was carried out. The analysis of surface characteristics was carried out using electron Auger spectroscopy. To obtain an atomically pure surface, low-energy electron bombardment was used. It is shown that the contact of an atomically pure Li surface with oxygen leads to the formation of lithium oxide, and with nitrogen with a partial pressure of 10-6 Pa, lithium oxide and oxynitride in a mixture with free lithium atoms. Irradiation of lithium with nitrogen ions leads to the formation of the surface compound Li3N. It is noted that the resulting compound is unstable in ultrahigh vacuum and eventually decays to form lithium oxide due to interaction with the residual oxygen of the spectrometer chamber.
Теплофизические свойства и фазовые переходы сегнетоэлектрика PbFe-=SUB=-0.5-=/SUB=-Nb-=SUB=-0.5-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=- в области высоких температур
Authors: Каллаев С.Н. , Бакмаев А.Г. , Омаров З.М.
Published: February 2023

The thermophysical properties of the ferroelectric PbFe0.5Nb0.5O3 in the temperature range 300–800 K are studied. Anomalies in the heat capacity and thermal diffusion are found in the region of the diffuse ferroelectric transition Tc~380 K, the Burns temperature Td~670 K, and the intermediate temperature T^*~470 K. The dominant phonon heat transfer mechanisms in a ferroelectric with a nanopolar structure.
Mobile Health Apps for Breast Cancer: Content Analysis and Quality Assessment
Authors: Yang Seongwoo , Bui Cam Nhung , Park Kyounghoon
Published: February 2023

Background

The number of mobile health apps is rapidly increasing. This means that consumers are faced with a bewildering array of choices, and finding the benefit of such apps may be challenging. The significant international burden of breast cancer (BC) and the potential of mobile health apps to improve medical and public health practices mean that such apps will likely be important because of their functionalities in daily life. As the app market has grown exponentially, several review studies have scrutinized cancer- or BC-related apps. However, those reviews concentrated on the availability of the apps and relied on user ratings to decide on app quality. To minimize subjectivity in quality assessment, quantitative methods to assess BC-related apps are required.

Objective

The purpose of this study is to analyze the content and quality of BC-related apps to provide useful information for end users and clinicians.

Methods

Based on a stepwise systematic approach, we analyzed apps related to BC, including those related to prevention, detection, treatment, and survivor support. We used the keywords “breast cancer” in English and Korean to identify commercially available apps in the Google Play and App Store. The apps were then independently evaluated by 2 investigators to determine their eligibility for inclusion. The content and quality of the apps were analyzed using objective frameworks and the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS), respectively.

Results

The initial search identified 1148 apps, 69 (6%) of which were included. Most BC-related apps provided information, and some recorded patient-generated health data, provided psychological support, and assisted with medication management. The Kendall coefficient of concordance between the raters was 0.91 (P<.001). The mean MARS score (range: 1-5) of the apps was 3.31 (SD 0.67; range: 1.94-4.53). Among the 5 individual dimensions, functionality had the highest mean score (4.37, SD 0.42) followed by aesthetics (3.74, SD 1.14). Apps that only provided information on BC prevention or management of its risk factors had lower MARS scores than those that recorded medical data or patient-generated health data. Apps that were developed >2 years ago, or by individuals, had significantly lower MARS scores compared to other apps (P<.001).

Conclusions

The quality of BC-related apps was generally acceptable according to the MARS, but the gaps between the highest- and lowest-rated apps were large. In addition, apps using personalized data were of higher quality than those merely giving related information, especially after treatment in the cancer care continuum. We also found that apps that had been updated within 1 year and developed by private companies had higher MARS scores. This may imply that there are criteria for end users and clinicians to help choose the right apps for better clinical outcomes.
Analyzing the Predictability of an Artificial Intelligence App (Tibot) in the Diagnosis of Dermatological Conditions: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Marri Shiva Shankar , Inamadar Arun C , Janagond Ajit B , Albadri Warood
Published: February 2023

Background

Artificial intelligence (AI) aims to create programs that reproduce human cognition and processes involved in interpreting complex data. Dermatology relies on morphological features and is ideal for applying AI image recognition for assisted diagnosis. Tibot is an AI app that analyzes skin conditions and works on the principle of a convolutional neural network. Appropriate research analyzing the accuracy of such apps is necessary.

Objective

This study aims to analyze the predictability of the Tibot AI app in the identification of dermatological diseases as compared to a dermatologist.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study. After taking informed consent, photographs of lesions of patients with different skin conditions were uploaded to the app. In every condition, the AI predicted three diagnoses based on probability, and these were compared with that by a dermatologist. The ability of the AI app to predict the actual diagnosis in the top one and top three anticipated diagnoses (prediction accuracy) was used to evaluate the app’s effectiveness. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value were also used to assess the app’s performance. Chi-square test was used to contrast categorical variables. P<.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

A total of 600 patients were included. Clinical conditions included alopecia, acne, eczema, immunological disorders, pigmentary disorders, psoriasis, infestation, tumors, and infections. In the anticipated top three diagnoses, the app’s mean prediction accuracy was 96.1% (95% CI 94.3%-97.5%), while for the exact diagnosis, it was 80.6% (95% CI 77.2%-83.7%). The prediction accuracy (top one) for alopecia, acne, pigmentary disorders, and fungal infections was 97.7%, 91.7%, 88.5%, and 82.9%, respectively. Prediction accuracy (top three) for alopecia, eczema, and tumors was 100%. The sensitivity and specificity of the app were 97% (95% CI 95%-98%) and 98% (95% CI 98%-99%), respectively. There is a statistically significant association between clinical and AI-predicted diagnoses in all conditions (P<.001).

Conclusions

The AI app has shown promising results in diagnosing various dermatological conditions, and there is great potential for practical applicability.