bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increasing Commonalities by Designing Production-Oriented Modular Product Platforms
Authors: Schuh Günther , Rudolf Stefan , Arnoscht Jens , Lüdtke Bastian
Published: April 2014

Companies producing in high-wage countries are increasingly challenged due to the necessary differentiation and cost pressure. The modular product platform approach is more and more used by these companies for structuring their product range in order to realise and deploy commonalities. This type of product architecture enables companies to produce nearly individual products without losing economies of scale across the product range. Economies of scale due to communalities result in decreased process costs, reduced development lead-time by uncoupling the development of modules and products as well as the augmentation of the technical product robustness. However, the design of modular product platforms itself causes new challenges regarding the product structuring, the process and organizational design. Recent approaches for the development of communalities through modular product platforms are focusing only the product itself. Since costs are mainly determined in the development phase but caused later in the production phase both product and production have to be taken into account. Furthermore, modular product platforms have a higher variety and diversity of elements since they represent the components, modules and functions of the entire product program. This paradigm shift from an integral product design to a modular product structure cannot be controlled with existing models and methods.
Our paper confirms commonality has to be optimized by focusing both the product and production. Therefore we have designed a descriptive framework (commonality model) to display and optimize the commonality both in the product and the process. Furthermore, a product architecture development process that is superior to the individual product development processes was developed for the systematic design of commonalities. The approach presented in this paper focusses on the interactions between product and process parameters. In our approach these interactions will first be displayed based on the graph theory and then be optimized applying sensitivity analysis. By varying relevant parameters both on the product and process side constitutive features can be derived determining product and process standards in order to enhance the overall commonality level.
Machine Integrated Measurement of Ultra Precision Machined Specular Non-Rotational Symmetrical Surfaces
Authors: Uhlmann Eckart , Häusler Gerhard , Röttinger Christian , Olesch Evelyn , Faber Christian , Kurz M.
Published: April 2014

In this paper, current results of a research project combining ultra precision machining and optical measurement are presented. The goal is to improve the quality of specular freeform surfaces manufactured by ultra precision slow slide servo turning by running appropriate correction cycles on the basis of machine integrated measurements. These measurements are conducted using the principle of Phase Measuring Deflectometry (PMD) in order to optically acquire full-field 3D-height data. For this purpose, a special setup the so called Mini PMD that can be operated within the limited installation space of an ultra precision machine tool has been designed and implemented. Results of machine integrated measurements of a specular non-rotational symmetrical surface are presented. Furthermore, using Mini PMD and a rotationally symmetric test surface, a complete correction cycle is demonstrated without the necessity of taking the workpiece off the machine for measurement.
Application of CAD/CAM and Micro End Mills with 20 to 120 μm Diameter for the Direct Machining of Microstructures in PMMA
Authors: Reichenbach Ingo Gustav , Aurich Jan C.
Published: April 2014

The use of microfluidic devices brings some benefits such as low reagent consumption, shorter analysis time, portability and cost reduction. The potential of this technology has constantly grown over time and lead to the development of competitive manufacture processes. The production of such microfluidic devices is usually done by molding processes which allow mass production of polymer disposables with a low cost per unit. In a prototype phase these methods are, however, expensive. To overcome the multi-step fabrication the direct milling in polymer is an alternative.
In this paper micro structures are directly milled in polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) with self-developed micro end mills and the proper CAD/CAM integration offering a fast response in manufacturing of complex structures even in the micrometer range The direct milling of structures in PMMA with micro tools-diameter 120 μm is a feasible method to produce a physical prototype. The chosen micro end mills and strategies represent a competitive process in a prototyping level by reducing time to market.
Accumulative Roll Bonding: Forming Behavior, Tailored Properties and Upscaling Approach
Authors: Merklein Marion , Böhm Wolfgang
Published: April 2014

The Accumulative Roll Bonding (ARB) process enables the manufacturing of high strength sheet metals with outstanding mechanical properties by repeated rolling. However, the significant increase in strength leads to loss in ductility, especially regarding aluminum alloys of the 6000 series. The low formability obviously limits the implementation of these sheet products for formed components in automotive applications. To enhance formability, a local short term heat treatment according to the Tailored Heat Treated Blanks technology is used. For the finite element based design of forming operations accurate information about the plastic behavior of these tailored materials is required. Therefore, different stress - strain paths are considered using the tensile test and the layer compression test. In this context, heat treated and non-heat treated specimens out of ARB processed AA6016 were tested at room temperature. With the experimental results true stress strain curves and yield loci determined from different criteria and represented in a principal stress state were established.
Regarding the experimental setup of the ARB process, an upscaling is essential for the production of sufficiently large strips to cut out blanks for the forming of components such as B-pillars. However, this requires the adaptation of the different process steps of the ARB process. In this context, the surface treatment before rolling of such large sheets is investigated, since it is particularly relevant for obtaining a strong bonding between the sheets. Another aspect is the investigation of the rolling process using the finite element analysis. In this regard, a thermal mechanical coupled simulation model of the roll bonding operation will be developed for the evaluation of different material combinations, different process temperatures and varying roller geometries. These investigations will enable the production of lightweight automotive components made of ARB processed high strength aluminum sheet metal with tailored properties.
Failure Mode Based Design and Optimization of the Electrode Packaging Process for Large Scale Battery Cells
Authors: Schmitt Jan , Raatz Annika
Published: April 2014

The increasing demand of electric vehicles and thus Lithium-Ion batteries results in a multitude of challenges in production technology. The cost-effectiveness, reproducibility, performance and safety requirements of large scale batteries for automotive applications are very high. At the same time the production processes are complex and have many uncertainties, namely how single parameters influence the specific values of the battery performance. Therefore, this article focuses on the design and optimization of production processes of large scale batteries using an established FMEA approach. This method is applied to the electrode packaging process, which constitutes a crucial production step, as the anode and cathode material is assembled to create a multi-layer cell. Based on a failure mode ranking, two categories of essential failure are considered in detail. First the positioning error of the electrode foils and following this the multi-layer handling during the process. Here, an algorithm to simulate the stacking error is presented and a sensor concept to detect multi gripped layers during the handling by a gripper integrated eddy current sensor is introduced.
Integrated Product and Process Model for Production System Design and Quality Assurance for EV Battery Cells
Authors: Reinhart Gunther , Kurfer Jakob , Westermeier Markus , Zeilinger Tobias
Published: April 2014

The megatrend electric mobility induces a significant demand for high energy and high power secondary batteries. Currently lithium-ion technologies are the most promising solution for electrochemical energy storage in hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) and battery electric vehicles (BEV) [1; .Core factors that influence the quality, the performance and the cost of high energy lithium-ion batteries are production technologies, quality measurement techniques and quality management methods [3; . For this reason the Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management set up the Research Center for the Production of High-Energy Battery Cells (R-PHEB). In this research center production technologies are investigated according to industrial requirements. Research thrust areas are: first, process and assembly system design; second, quality assurance and management; and third, value chain analysis and design.The mass production of large lithium-ion cells for EV applications is an infant industry; new production technologies are often used in this field [. Hence, the influences of those processes on product properties are not known and the product quality can be evaluated only after the final production step. In order to obtain a resource efficient and economic production of lithium-ion cells, the correlations between the cell performance, the cell quality, the production processes and the assembly system design need to be revealed.This paper focuses on fundamental investigations of the process chain for the production of lithium-ion cells. It introduces a product-and a process-model, both of which specifically match the requirements in the field of battery production. The models can be used individually to describe the product structure or the process chain. Additionally they can be linked via a correlation matrix in order to visualize the dependencies between the requirement specifications of lithium-ion cells and the manufacturing processes (including process alternatives). Both models are based on a layered structure and contain information about battery cell design, battery type and production processes covering all tasks from coating the electrode coils to the start-of-operation of the cells.The product-model, the process-model and the correlation matrix will be implemented in a database, which in the future can be used for the methodical design of assembly systems as well as to investigate the correlations between process parameters and output quality. Furthermore, the database can assist when evaluating established process chains or preparing make-or-buy decisions in the context of battery cell production.
Bulletproof and Noise-Reducing Guards in Lightweight Design for Woodworking Machines
Authors: Heisel Uwe , Forcillo Vincenzo
Published: April 2014

At present, guards on woodworking machine tools have to undergo an impact test with a 100 g projectile and an impact speed of 70 m/s to protect the operator against breaking tools. At the moment, only sheet metal housings and plastic elements of polycarbonate as well as particular safety curtain systems meet these requirements regarding the retention capacity of machine enclosures for woodworking centres according to EN 848-3.
In context of this work, a machine enclosure made out of lightweight materials was developed as alternative to the conventional sheet metal housings. A solution for safety curtains that passes easy over the workpieces without damaging the edges was also worked out. With regard to rigid guards, many different kinds of material combinations were examined concerning retention capacity and acoustic behaviour. In addition to the experimental tests, a FEM model was developed representing the impact behaviour of the composite based. Finally, a lightweight enclosure prototype was designed and examined with regard to the retention capacity at critical spots and of sound emission.
Adaptronic Form Honing – Manufacturing Methods for Compensating Cylinder Bore Distortions
Authors: Neugebauer Reimund , Hochmuth Carsten , Schneider René
Published: April 2014

Cylinder bore finishing requirements are defined by quality features such as roundness and cylindricity as well as by the manifestation of the surface profile. Honing is a proven manufacturing method s to achieve this. Undesirable distortions of the cylinder shape occur under operating conditions in a reciprocating internal combustion engine. These negatively affect the tribological system of piston, piston ring, and cylinder bore. As a result, efficiency deteriorates and oil consumption rises. The cylinder crank cases are finished in a defined tensioned state to compensate for distortions. This results in a highly complex manufacturing process and is only suited for compensating static distortions. Further increasing machining requirements resulting from strategies such as lightweight construction, downsizing, and friction reduction are pushing conventional honing methods to their technological limits.Adaptronic form honing constitutes a production engineering approach to manufacturing a free form in the cylinder bore. The objective is to keep inverse distortion geometries in store as macro shapes. These will then represent ideal cylinder shapes under the influence of distortion mechanisms in a defined engine operating range. Tool and process development and the analysis of machining results with respect to productivity, shape accuracy, and surface topography are presented and viewed as potential options for optimizing the tribological system of piston, piston ring, and cylinder bore. Other options such as shortening the process chain will be derived.
CVD Coated Diamond Tools for the Machining of Lightweight Materials
Authors: Uhlmann Eckart , Sammler Fiona
Published: April 2014

The economic machining of materials used in the automotive and aeronautical industries, such as aluminium silicon alloys is often not possible without the use of superhard tools. CVD diamond coated tools have demonstrated their suitability for these applications in the past, however, the insufficient coating adhesion and thus tool failure remains an issue to date. Within the work presented here, two cemented carbide types were studied as substrates for CVD diamond coatings. Milling and turning tests were undertaken in order to assess the coating adhesion of the diamond tools. Furthermore, residual stress analysis was undertaken with the aim of understanding the impact of the coating and substrate residual stresses on the tool’s process performance.
Investigation of the Capability of Flux of Force Oriented Lattice Structures for Lightweight Design
Authors: Teufelhart Stefan
Published: April 2014

Production technologies often turn out to be a limiting factor for the geometrical freedom in part design. By the use of Additive Layer Manufacturing processes, the existing restrictions can be negotiated due to their generative character. To exploit their whole capabilities, new approaches in part design have to be applied. One of these numerous possibilities is mesoscopic lightweight design, like for example by the use of lattice structures instead of massive material accumulations. Currently, these structures have a periodic build-up, which leads to unfavourable stress states like bending loads in the single strut elements. By an adaption of the course of the structure to the flux of force inside a part, predominantly push and pull forces appear inside the struts, which is very positive for the structures lightweight performance. To prove the capability of this optimization approach, Finite-Element-Analyses have been executed for periodic and for flux of force adapted lattice structures. Thus, the great potential of this optimization method has been shown.
Simulation Study on State of Charge of Battery for Electric Vehicle
Authors: Zhu Guang Qian , Wang Chao , Feng Bing Yin
Published: April 2014

The accurate estimation for state of charge (SOC) of battery is an important basis on the charging and discharging control and power optimization management of battery for electric vehicle, it affects life of the battery and the dynamic performance of vehicle directly, but the SOC of battery can not be measured directly, in order to obtain SOC of battery. A simple way of SOC calculation is proposed. Ampere time algorithm is taken as the foundation of SOC estimation and other factors affecting capacity of battery are compensated. Simulation on calculation method of SOC of battery is conducted using Matlab/Simulinks; Simulation results show that the calculation method SOC of battery is feasible.
Effect of Austenitization Temperature on Formation of Low Temperature Bainite
Authors: Yuan Lian Jie , Liu Qing Suo , Gao Bin
Published: April 2014

The influence of austenitization temperature on the incubation period and bainitic transformation behaviours of the high-carbon silicon steel has been investigated. It was found that the nose temperature of bainite transformation and incubation period decreases with increasing austenitization temperature. The microstructure characteristics of the bainitic transformation products have been also observed. After isothermal heat treatment at 230°C for 20 mins, all samples austenitized at different temperatures produced a bainitic structure, which consists of packets of parallel ferrite laths. The major difference lies in the edge boundary morphology. Bainitic laths formed in low-temperature austenitization conditions has sharp saw-tooth edge boundaries, whereas bainite transformed from high-temperature austenitization conditions, have smooth wedge boundaries.
Key Words: austenitization temperature; low-temperature bainite; incubation period;edge boundary
A Design for Power Supply Monitoring
Authors: Yin Feng Ling , Huo Bing Quan , Wang Hai Bo , Cheng Long
Published: April 2014

Monitoring servers' power is very important, and a design is present for solving existed issues. Building a wireless network with Zigbee technology, there are major modules:End Device with chip CC2530, Zigbee Router with chip CC2530 and CC2591, Zigbee coordinator with chip CC2530 and CC2430.
A Distinct Patch of Road Visual Guidance System – The Design of 2D Stereo Deceleration Zone
Authors: Wan Xiang Yang
Published: April 2014

City Visual Guidance System is the standard of communication in the order life, to the general, text and images can express all kinds of city mark, but the traffic signs which contains specific information need trained drivers through several conversion, which response delay time enough impacted on traffic safety, such as setting the hard deceleration strip on the road. This thesis presents the design of 2D stereo deceleration zone, with plane logo produced the stereo image effect, this active and timely means can ensure the driving safety, and does not damage the vehicle, also can be used for the extension, is a distinct patch of Road Visual Guidance System.
An Algorithm for Solving Stochastic Chance-Constrained Programming Problem
Authors: Xiao Ning
Published: April 2014

Stochastic chance-constrained programming which is one of important stochastic programming widely exits in different fields. For searching an algorithm that can more effectively solve this problem,a new algorithm for its combined stochastic particle swarm optimization with stochastic simulation for approximation of the fitness function and checking feasibility of solution is presented. It overcomes the defaults such as needing a long time, complex calculation,resapsing into local optimum in the hybrid intelligence algorithm based on GA. After testing its performance and comparing with GA, the results show that the algorithm is more preferable.
An Improved QPSK Signal's Algorithm Design and Simulation of its Modulation and Demodulation
Authors: Zhou Fan , Geng Xin Xin , Zhang Xiao Yu
Published: April 2014

QPSK, a modulation mode with a high frequency band utilization ratio and a strong anti-noise immunity,is widely used in the field of military and satellite communication. This article based on the analysis of the traditional QPSK signal modulation and demodulation mechanism, proposes an improved QPSK signal modulation and demodulation algorithm, and have a further in-depth analysis of the feasibility of this algorithm. Finally, by MATLAB software simulation testing, simulation results shows that the algorithm can accurately generate a QPSK signal and complete a rapidly demodulation of a QPSK signal.
Analysis and Research of Data Security Policy Based on Cloud Storage
Authors: Wang Ning
Published: April 2014

Cloud computer technology is one of current hot areas of the development of the information technology, and the data storage service based on the cloud is developing rapidly, which makes more and more enterprises and individuals enjoy the efficiency, convenience as well as low cost supplied by cloud storage. However, at the same time, the security problem of cloud storage arouses users' attention. This paper firstly expounds the basic information and system of cloud storage, then analyses the status quo of the development of cloud storage, and finally offers some preventive strategies based on cloud storage security.
Analysis of Crash Counts Using a Multilevel Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial Model
Authors: Han Bo , Xu Jian
Published: April 2014

Due to that roadway crashes are generally discrete and rare, researchers frequently have several observational units (e.g., census tract, segment) with excess zeros reported crashes during the period. In this study, a multilevel zero-inflated negative binomial (MZINB) model was developed for analysis, allowing for overdispersion and excess zeros, as well as the factors of roadway design and traffic characteristic. Several goodness-of-fit measures are used for examining and comparing, using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. The estimation results show that MZINB model is better than multilevel zero-inflated Poisson (MZIP) model and zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) and zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) models.
Application of Image Analysis Based on Canny Operator Edge Detection Algorithm in Measuring Railway Out-of-Gauge Goods
Authors: Han Yong , Qiao Mu , Wan Xue , Chang Qing
Published: April 2014

In order to guarantee out-of-gauge freight transport safety, it is necessary to study digital measurement to improve measuring accuracy for out-of-gauge goods which is very difficult to master outline dimension. The process of edge detection and the algorithm of canny operator edge detection were introduced in this paper. Taking the transformer for example, contour extraction was carried out on the end and the widths of transverse and longitudinal height are measured through the mathematical software MATLAB. Finally, measurement results are validated based on the known data. The results showed that canny operator has high calculate precision, and the closer to the part calibrated with pixel calibration, smaller the measurement errors are.
Design and Development of English Electronic Dictionary Based on Android Platform
Authors: Li Chun Mei
Published: April 2014

The design and development process of electronic dictionary software on Android development platform was discussed in this paper. This application, using Android SDK and the Eclipse IDE to develop, is available in English translation, learning, testing, reviewing, attention book, import or delete dictionary, reciting English sentence and other functions. The software has built-in dictionaries, also allows users to import necessary dictionary to learn. The system uses Android integrated development interface of SQLite to store and retrieve vocabulary. The applications are developed based on Java language, and worked as expected on the emulator.
Design and Implementation of SMS-Based Universal Legal Knowledge System
Authors: Yang Ping
Published: April 2014

The majority of crime is due to the weak or absent legal knowledge of citizens by the statistical analysis of the criminal case. In addition, the universal legal system does not include every corner of society. With the substantial & rapid growth of mobile phone users, SMS becomes a new and relatively independent of the mass media. Also, it is one important method for peoples social interaction and accessing information. The SMS system which is the legal literacy will increase the scope of legal literacy in order to make up for the lack of the system.
Design and Implementation of Unified Identity Authentication System Based on LDAP in Digital Campus
Authors: Wu Zhi Yuan , Huang Wei Ping , Yu Lei
Published: April 2014

With the development of digital campus in university, more and more application systems have been used. In these systems, authentication function has been repeatedly design, which can be easy to cause multiple accounts and passwords, and brought inconvenience to users and administrators. Unified identity authentication system based on LDAP is a good solution to this problem. In this paper, based on the analysis of LDAP protocol and CAS, the unified identity authentication system built for digital campus is designed and implemented, and LDAP management system is also developed to achieve unified management of directory information in the university.
Effects of 60Co-Irradiation on Gas Permeation Properties of Polyimide Membranes
Authors: Qiao Yu Hua , Miao Huai Min , Xu Yong Biao , Jiang Wei , Zheng Yan Hong , Wang Lian Cai
Published: April 2014

Radiation effects on polyimide (PI) membranes were studied with different irradiation doses by60Co. The PI membrane were synthesized from 2,2-bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane (Bis-AP-AF) with 3,3',4,4'-Benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA). The single gas permeability of He, H2, CO2, O2, N2and CH4were measured and compared in order to determine the effect of the the irradiation doses on the gas separation properties. The results showed that the ideal selectivity of He/CH4, H2/CH4, CO2/CH4and H2/N2of the irradiation PI membrane can be significantly improved by irradiation of60Co source. The optimum irradiation doses were 50 kGy. The highest ideal selectivity of He/CH4, H2/CH4, CO2/CH4and H2/N2is 3635.86, 2287.57, 282.00 and 205.29, respectively. In other word, the ideal selectivity of He/CH4, H2/CH4, CO2/CH4and H2/N2of the irradiation PI membrane with 50 kGy irradiation doses is 2.27, 2.11, 1.89 and 1.08 times higher than that of the PI membranes without irradiation.
Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Cement Filled with Carbon Black
Authors: Wei Yao Li , Zhang Yue Fang , Hao Wang Jun
Published: April 2014

In order to deal with the more and more serious problem of electromagnetic radiation pollution, cement-based composites were prepared by introducing glass fiber into cement as through wave reagent and carbon black as absorbing reagent . Arched testing method were used to test the reflection losses in the frequency range of 2~18 GHz. The results showed that the absorption properties were improved in high frequency compared with the pure cement. The filling ratio of carbon black and glass fiber as well as the thickness of samples had influence on the absorption properties. The lowest reflection loss of-11.2 dB was obtained at 18 GHz of 9wt.% glass fiber and 5wt.% carbon black filled cement with thickness of 10mm. The new material can be used for building indoor electromagnetic radiation protection.
Parallel k-Way Partitioning Approach for Large Graphs
Authors: Xu Jin , Zhong Yu , Peng Bo
Published: April 2014

With the emergence of large social networks, such as Facebook and Twitter, graphs with millions to billions vertices are common. Instead of processing the network within a single machine, all the applications related are intended to be done in a distributed way using a cluster of commodity machines. In this paper, we study the parallel graph partitioning problem, which is the fundamental operation for large graphs. With the help of Hadoop/MapReduce, we propose aparallel k-way partitioningapproach. Unlike the previous ones, which require enough memory to keep the whole graph data within, our novel approach breaks such limitations. Also, due to the distributed nature, it is easy to integrate our partitioning approach into existed parallel platforms. We conduct extensive experiments on real graphs and synthetic graphs. All the experimental results prove the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach.
PMV Index Forecasting Algorithm Based on PSO-SVR
Authors: Zhao Min Hua , Yan Ting
Published: April 2014

In this context, the paper is forecasting PMV index by four environmental variables and two personal variables. The first set of strategies is Using SVR to predict PMV and the second one is PSO-SVR that particle swarm optimization (PSO) is chosen as an optimization technique to optimize the SVR parameters setting. Simulation results are presented for two case studies to validate the proposed methodology in terms of both SVR and PSO-SVR.
Research and Realization of Apron Protection System Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Huang Yun , Zhu Ya Jie , Lian Heng Hui
Published: April 2014

The airport perimeter intrusion prevention system is the first defending line of airport security system, and its position is very important. Based on the correlation of air defense, anti-technology and anti-intrinsic, paper compares the advantage and the disadvantage of domestic airport in the selection of the electronic fence pattern. Through technical analysis of the use of acceleration transducer in networking technology for the prevention of airport apron, combined with the actual situation of the Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport in airport apron prevention, the ability of electronic fence used in tracking protection and discrimination for location has been improved through system optimization, expanding the application of the electronic fence at the airport apron prevention system. The paper also prospects the application future for internet of things used in the apron protection system
Research on Chaotic Orbit in Mandelbrot Set
Authors: Sui Tao , Zhang Xiao Yu , Li Guang Shen , Liu Guan Nan
Published: April 2014

In this paper, the chaotic orbit in Mandelbrot set is introduced. On the basis of other scholars research, the character and distribution rules of pre-periodic orbits and pre-periodic points-Misiurewiz points about Mandelbrot set chaos-fractal images were studied. The software of constructing the general M-J set with Java Applet is improved. Using the method of computer mathematic experiments, the paper analyses the fixed orbit and period orbit in the M-set, gains the topology relationship of M set in super stable points, a recurrence formula between the period orbit and M-set periodic-buds is created.
Experimental Study on the Influence of Different Cooling Rate to Frost Heave of Silty Clay
Authors: Zhao Hui Xin , Zhong Jing , Wang Zheng Jun
Published: April 2014

Freezing temperature is one of the main factors of soil frost heave, and different cooling modes will also have an effect on frost heave. To study the influence of stepwise cooling mode to frost heave of silty clay, this paper did the tests of frost heave on the silty clay in stepwise cooling mode and continuous cooling mode respectively, which got versus time of temperature gradient field and frost heave amount in the phenomena of frost heave and frost shrinkage by the two cooling modes. It turns out that stepwise cooling mode will produce greater frost heave and larger frost heave rate, and when frost shrinkage phenomenon occurs, the amount of frost shrinkage is bigger also. Its mechanism lies in the cooling rate with stepwise cooling mode is smaller than that with continuous cooling mode, and it can promote the water migration.
The Design of the Smart Card Attendance System Database
Authors: Zheng Dong Ying , Han Yu
Published: April 2014

Smart card attendance system using Delphi database development technologies and RF card technology development. Function of each sub-module design includes user login module, attendance information management module , a database management module , a database designed to follow the general principles set forth , and then the database structure design concept .
The Solution for Malfunction of the Leakage Protection System Caused by Mine-Used Converter
Authors: Wang Yan Wen , Li Hai Hong , Wang Da Wei , Fan Zheng
Published: April 2014

The leakage protection system usually trends to make a misjudgment and tripping in normal operation after applying the converter in the coal mine power system. This seriously affects the safety in coal production. Based on the research of the structure and working principle of the converter, it has obtained the definite reason for the converter interfere the leakage protection system. It is the higher harmonics and pulses that generate the zero sequence current through the ground capacitance. Combined with the actual situation in coal mine, it has proposed two corresponding solutions: one is adding the isolation transformer in the output lines of the converter; another is modifying criterion of the leakage protection system. Both methods have their own characteristics, and have verified the feasibility of the methods through the MATLAB simulation.
Various Applications of BIM Technology
Authors: Huang Ke Wang , Cao Jian Feng , Liu Gui Feng
Published: April 2014

BIM technology is used throughout the whole course of engineering project by establishing a set of digital BIM parameter model. This paper introduces various applications of BIM technology in engineering project and application in specific conditions.
A Research of the 3Bs Teaching Method in Second Language Acquisition
Authors: Li Dong Mei , Mao Xiao Xiao
Published: April 2014

The 3Bs Teaching Method has turned out to be successful in the English teaching in Junior Middle Schools in China. To testify its efficacy on the foreign language acquisition for the university English majors in China, an empirical study was made. The experiment reveals that the 3Bs Teaching Method is more effective than the traditional teaching methods. The 3Bs Teaching Method is indeed a desirable approach to the quality education for the university English majors.
Key words: constructivism, 3BsTeaching Method, quality-education, efficiency
Research on Individual Soldier Radio Surveillance Equipment for Battlefield Situation Awareness
Authors: Yu Hong Bing , Xu Shi Min , Qiao Ya , Chu Fei Huang
Published: April 2014

Individual soldier plays a more and more important role in the complex environment of battlefield electromagnetism, and its combat ability should be improved rapidly. A situation awareness system based on individual soldier radio surveillance equipment is presented. The probable equipment adapts mini size and low power hardware and intelligent signal processing technology. In this system, every soldier acts as a reconnaissance sensor, and also he can be a node among the battlefield situation awareness network. The system can improve the ability of battlefield situation awareness and the combat ability in the future information battlefield.
Sedimentary Characteristics and Reservoir Potential of Underwater Alluvial Fan
Authors: Liu Wei Fu , Liu Shuang Long , Sun Li Xin
Published: April 2014

Using core analysis, thin slice identification, logging analysis and seismic interpretation, systemic study upon sedimentary types, sedimentary facies, physical and oil bearing properties of each sedimentary microfacies, etc presenting in underwater alluvial fan of Kerqin oilfield of Kailu basin in China, is performed. To identify sedimentary characteristics of underwater alluvial fan and determine its oil bearing property so as to develop this type of reservoir reasonably and effectively. Underwater alluvial fan comprises of 5 kinds sedimentary facies: clastic flow, high density flow, low density flow, overflow and river channel sedimentation. Further division includes three sub-facies, i. e. tail, body and front part of underwater alluvial fan, among which braided structure of body part features favorable accumulation and oil bearing properties. Underwater alluvial fan is formed from the double action mechanisms of gravitational flow and traction flow. Body microfacies are primary oil bearing play and braided channel is the main future development target.
Solder Bumps Inspection UsingPrincipal Component Analysis in Active Thermography
Authors: Lu Xiang Ning , Han Ji Guang , Han Su Hua , Wang Su Ya , Shao Ming Hui
Published: April 2014

A nondestructive inspection system has been developed using the active thermography technology. However the solder defects can not be distinguished directly from the thermal images captured by IR camera because of the heating non-uniformities. The principal component analysis is explored to identify the defects of the solder bumps accurately and effectively. Thermal contrast image is obtained by subtracting source distribution map from the original thermal image. The hot spots corresponding to 16 solder bumps are segmented. The pixels with the thermal contrast values ranging from 0.18°C to 0.20°C are counted, and the maximum and the minimum of the pixel value are found out respectively, which are used in the principal component analysis. The missing bump is identified by the first principal component score. The results show that it is effective using the principal component analysis in active thermography for defects inspection of solder bumps in microelectronic packaging.
Graphical Simulation for Microstructures of Ni-TiN Coatings Using Cellular Automata Model
Authors: Chen Xi , Cheng Hong Yu
Published: April 2014

In this paper, a technology of graphical simulation was applied to for processing microstructures of Ni-TiN coatings by using cellular automata (CA) model. The results present that the graphical simulation for microstructures of Ni-TiN coatings can be emulated by using cellular automata model in Matlab 7.8 software environment. the average particle size of the Ni grains and TiN particles in the coating prepared by adding 1g/l TiN particles are 188 and 62 nm, respectively. While the average particle size of the Ni grains and TiN particles in the coating prepared by adding 10g/l TiN particles are 67 and 45 nm, respectively.
Design of a Small-Sized High-Speed Data Storage Module Based on FPGA
Authors: Li Sheng Kun , Chu Cheng Qun , Chen Hai Liang , Ma Fang
Published: April 2014

The large-capacity, high-speed and low power consumption become the new requirements for the data storage systems. In this paper, a high-performance storage module based on multiple NAND flash memory chips is presented to real-time massive data acquisition system. In order to achieve the miniaturization dimension and the high-speed data storage design requirements, the paper presents a small size and high-speed storage unit based on NAND flash, where the dimensions of the module can reach 33mm×33mm and the maximum rate is up to 60MB/s. Ensuring continuous and reliable operation requires a dedicated buffering for the data transmission. We analyze the elements and peculiarities of the flash memory chip and propose a multi-way architecture to speed up data access. The design of a multilevel high-speed buffer structure based on the field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology is introduced in the paper. The proposed system can be applicable to some portable digital equipment.
A Product Design Method Based on Design-Element Informatization
Authors: Sun Jin Bo , Yu Sui Huai , Pei Hui Ning
Published: April 2014

In order to reduce the information chaos of product design, we present the main motions of Design-Element based product design that we call itDE-PD. Different from traditional product design process composed of function, style, or customer requirements etc.al,DE-PDis driven by the knowledge and information flows in product design iteration. InDE-PD, the product is composed of Design-Elements (DE) which is the integration of related knowledge and information. After discussing the definition and information construct ofDE, we present the iteration ofDEbased product design. To evaluate the method, a design case of beach motorcycle with limit mount ofDEsis conceived. Evaluation results show thatDE-PDis a promising approach for product design informatization.
A Plate Stamping Mould Design
Authors: Wu Ming Qing , Cui Yi
Published: April 2014

The design for a plate of cold stamping die design, Analysis of the technology of first part, determine the mould structure scheme, design choose zero, components, mainly to the punch, concave die, die and punch, design, drawing mould assembly drawing.
A Study on the Proposal of the Construction Process for Green Buildings in Korea
Authors: Lee Seung Jo , Lee Kang Guk
Published: April 2014

This study suggests the design construction process of green buildings based on the construction process for green buildings in Korea. In this construction process, the planning purpose lies in the CO2 reduction of each element technology not considered during the general building construction processes and energy saving construction processes and that of overall buildings. The interaction of each element technology was considered so that evaluation and feedback could be provided at each stage. Different from existing construction processes, CO2 reductions were evaluated and fed back at each stage and alternative designs could be selected to draw the optimal design.
Balance Analysis and Improvement of Headphone Speaker Production Line
Authors: Hu Biao , Yu Li Yun
Published: April 2014

Take an Earphone speaker production line as the research object. In order to improve the rate of line balance and production, basing on the principle of ECRS and the line balancing theory, use the method study, work measurement and the analytical method of 5W1H, this paper provides the improvement Project . After being put in practice, the rate of line balance increases from 73% to 82%, the production capability of production line improved up 12%.
Function Analysis of Mature Products Based-on the Function Unit
Authors: Yuan Ming Hai , Dai Zhi Yong , Cheng Shuo , Ji Aai Min
Published: April 2014

The function hierarchy matrix and function incidence matrix was defined to describe the function and to achieve the function decomposing of mature products. At the same time, the function unit table was built, and then the function units of a kind of products were achieved based-on the table. The relationship between function units achieved above was expressed by using the function hierarchy matrix and function incidence matrix. The function incidence matrix was operated to get the function tree and function decomposing based on bottom-up method by using λ-intercept, a conception in fuzzy design.
Research of Processing Deformation Compensation of Flexible Leather Material Based on Knowledge Management
Authors: Wu Li Ming , Chen Si Cheng , Deng Yao Hua , Li Fu Jian , Li Bing Jing
Published: April 2014

Leather is a common processing material with poor rigidity in shoe manufacturing, there is easy to generate tensile or compress deformation, so reducing the processing quality. Considering the reasons of leather processing deformation, there are flexible material variety, different material thickness and complicated processing path. The article discussing the various impact factors of leather cutting deformation, combined with the theory and method of processing decision knowledge acquisition, processing knowledge management, and closed-loop compensation control, to propose a deformation compensation method of leather cutting based on knowledge management. Thought the real-time processing path compensation control, to correcting the tool trajectory in process, improving the accuracy and reliability of leather cutting.
Research on Green Construction Technology Innovation Network Organization Mode of Enterprise Leading
Authors: Yang Ya Pin
Published: April 2014

What kind of organization structure on technology innovation and the success of the construction project has a significant impact on technology innovation. In this paper, from the angle of organization construction by the target node, link, and protocol four factors based enterprise leading construction organization innovation network engineering technology, strive to achieve network organization needs lead, Relationship Agreement, system design, incentive and restraint, culture management and boundary governance management bottleneck six organizational function break through technical innovation of construction enterprises, and provides a new idea for the technology innovation management of construction enterprises.
Research on Persona-Based User Requirement in the Future Exploratory Products Design
Authors: Zhang Qing , Yu Sui Huai , Yu Ming Jiu
Published: April 2014

During the design processing of the future exploratory products, requirements from users seems to be a key factor for products availability achievement. As a practical user modeling method, Persona may accomplish the potential needs data mining effectively based on the analyzing of users. This review mainly focused on how to apply the persona in the exploratory products investigation to acquire useful information from the products design. The method to establish persona and the operating rules were also discussed in this article. The concept of the mobile internet device in future was used as an case to demonstrate the persona mentioned above.
Indoor Study on Road Performance of Macromolecule Polymer Bitumen Waterproof and Cohesive Layer (PCMA)
Authors: Lv Da Wei , He Jian , Sun Xiao Li
Published: April 2014

The quality of waterproof and cohesive layer determines the service life of bridge deck pavement. Conventional modified bitumen bonding layer exits some deficiencies that its shear strength is low, construction process is complexity and it need to spread gravel. In order to solve the problem, the new type of waterproof and cohesive layer called PCMA is developed and researched. Through the indoor test study on road performance of the PCMA, the results shows that PCMAs shear strength, drawing stress and fatigue life are significantly higher than other waterproof and cohesive layer. It is especially suitable for hot and humid regions.
Study on Multi-Objective Synergy of Construction Project Based on Reliability Theory
Authors: Shi Yu Fang , Wang Xiu Fen
Published: April 2014

On the basis of analysing objective hierarchy and synergy relationship, objective system of construction project is built. Then based on system reliability theory, the reliability index is introduced and definition of objective system synergy of construction project is proposed. Taking time, cost and quality as example, constructing multi-objectives reliability function and the reliability synergy model of working procedures even the whole construction project objective system is built. The method discovered a new way for objective synergy of construction project and contributed to project management efficiency.