bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunomodulatory Properties of Wharton’s Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Three Anatomical Segments of Umbilical Cord
Authors: Lim Jezamine , Eng Sue Ping , Yeoh Wei Yen , Low Yik Wan , Jusoh Nur Mohd Shafwan bin , Rahmat Ain Syahirah Binti , Shahrani Amirah , Yahya Faiq Bahrani , Abdul Rahman Rushda Adiba , Mohamad Razi Zainul Rashid , Leong Chooi Fun , Jose Shinsmon , Ng Min Hwei
Published: July 2021

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells that are reported to be immune-privileged and immune-evasive. MSCs are capable of differentiating into specific cell types for subsequent use in cell-based therapy. They express low levels of human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-ABC and no HLA-DR. Wharton’s jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs) were also found to express human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G), which renders them immunosuppressive. This study aimed to determine whether cultured WJ-MSCs retain their immune-privileged and immune-evasive properties after cell differentiation, and whether these properties differ among MSCs derived from different anatomical segments of the umbilical cord. Umbilical cords of healthy pregnant mothers undergoing caesarean section were obtained and grouped by three anatomical segments: fetal, middle, and maternal segments. WJ-MSCs were isolated, culture-expanded, and differentiated into osteogenic cells. Expression of HLA-DR, HLA-ABC, and HLA-G were quantified using flow cytometry. Both undifferentiated and osteodifferentiated WJ-MSCs were subsequently co-cultured with allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells with/without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation for five days. Lymphocyte proliferation assay was performed using carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) as a tracker. Our results showed no significant difference existed in the HLA profiles among WJ-MSCs from different segments and between WJ-MSCs with and without osteogenic differentiation. Mean levels for HLA-G, HLABC, and HLA-DR were 24.82±17.64, 52.50±18.41, and 1.00±1.68%, respectively. Stimulation with LPS and WJ-MSCs increased peripheral blooc mononuclear cells (PBMC) proliferation. However, PBMC proliferation was significantly lower when PBMCs were co-cultured with osteodifferentiated WJ-MSCs (p < .05; with LPS stimulation and p < .001 without LPS stimulation) than when they were co-cultured with undifferentiated WJ-MSCs. These findings suggest that cultured WJ-MSCs stimulate lymphocyte proliferation and are not immune-privileged. Osteodifferentiated WJ-MSCs reduced the immunogenicity of WJ-MSCs, and this reduction in PBMC proliferation was even more pronounced in the presence of LPS (p < .05). In conclusion, cultured WJ-MSCs are not immune-privileged. Osteodifferentiated WJ-MSCs are less immunogenic than undifferentiated WJ-MSCs, in which case hypoimmunogenicity is more profound under LPS-stimulated conditions.
Yield displacements in multistory aseismic design
Authors: Bycroft G. N.
Published: July 2021

This paper investigates the plastic displacements occurring when certain types of elastoplastic multistory shear structures are subjected to large earthquakes. It is directed toward finding a variation of the horizontal stiffness and strength up the structure in order to minimize yield displacements and distribute them over the structure. The analysis has been made on an analog computer using a white noise source to simulate the earthquake disturbance.
Effect of stiffness taper in aseismic design
Authors: Bycroft G. N.
Published: July 2021

An investigation is made of the effect of changing the stiffness distribution up the height of a linear shear framed structure when subjected to idealized earthquake motions. The mean value of the largest strains arising in successive earthquakes is determined together with the associated probability distribution. It appears that the chances of finding a strain value greater than twice the mean are very small.
A simplified instrument for recording strong motion earthquakes
Authors: Cloud W. K. , Hudson D. E.
Published: July 2021

A strong-motion earthquake recorder for the direct measurement of one point on the response spectrum curve is described, and results obtained with the instrument under field conditions are compared with those obtained by a standard spectrum analysis of accelerograph records. The device has the advantages of low initial cost and of low maintenance expense, and can thus be installed in relatively large numbers. A network of such instruments located at points having various local geological conditions is proposed as a supplement to the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey strong-motion seismograph system.
Morus nigra L. (Karadut) cv. ‘Ekşi Kara’ ‘nın Mikroçoğaltımı
Authors: ÖZELÇİ Duygu , YİĞİT Emel
Published: July 2021

Bu araştırmada, önemli gen kaynaklarından karadutun (Morus nigra L.), doku kültürü yöntemi ile çoğaltılması için en uygun protokolün belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bunun için en uygun eksplant alma zamanı, kültür başlatma ve sürgün çoğaltımı için en iyi 6-Benzilaminopürin (BAP) konsantrasyonu ve köklenmeyi sağlamak için en elverişli Indol-3-Bütirik Asit (IBA) konsantrasyonu araştırılmıştır. Kültür başlatmak için Haziran ayının uygun zaman olduğu, besi ortamına 0.75 mg L-1 BAP ilavesinin en iyi sonuç verdiği ve sürgün çoğaltımı için 1 mg L-1 BAP’ın öne çıktığı saptanmıştır. 1.5 mg L-1 IBA uygulamasında %95 köklenme başarısı elde edilmiştir. Eksplantın alınmasından aklimatizasyonun tamamlaması arasında geçen süre 20-25 hafta sürmüştür. Geliştirilen mikroçoğaltım protokolü ile sürdürülebilir, hızlı ve ekonomik çoğaltım yapılabileceği kanıtlanmıştır.
Is It Possible to Improve the Fermentation and Nutritional Quality of Wheat Straw Silage by Replacing Commercial Inoculant with Kefir?
Authors: OKUYUCU Berrin , ESEN Selim
Published: July 2021

The current study aimed to determine fermentation quality, aerobic stability, and enzyme soluble organic matter (ELOS) of wheat straw silage by replacing homofermentative (HM) and homofermentative+heterofermentative (HM+HT) lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants with kefir as silage additives. For this purpose, commercially available Biotal Plus II (HMLAB), Biotal Buchneri 500 (HM+HTLAB), and MYStarter KF (KF) were used as silage additives. Four kg of wheat straw, about 400 g/kg, and 6.0 log cfu of inoculants or kefir were used in each treatment group and replicate. Including the control group (CON), a total of 12 laboratory-type silos (3 replicates and 4 groups) were opened after 45 days. The dry matter (DM), crude ash (CA), acid detergent lignin (ADL), and water-soluble carbohydrate contents of silages were not affected by the addition of HMLAB, HM+HTLAB, and KF (P>0.05). The KF group had the lowest pH value (4.32), NH3-N content (71.97 g/kg TN), and higher lactic acid content (43.11 g/kg DM). The crude protein (CP) ratio was decreased in HMLAB (5.95%) and HM+HTLAB (5.63%) groups and increased in the KF group (4.54%, P
PANORAMA DA LITERATURA SOBRE A GOVERNANÇA CORPORATIVA: UMA ANÁLISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA DAS BASES TEÓRICAS E ABORDAGENS MAIS UTILIZADAS EM ARTIGOS
Authors: Simões João José Ferreira , De Souza Antônio Artur
Published: July 2021

Nesta pesquisa foram investigados as bases teóricas e os artigos mais citados nos estudos sobre a governança corporativa por meio de mapeamento bibliométrico utilizando o software VOSviewer. A amostra, composta por 2.965 artigos, foi obtida por meio da base Web of Science. O período de análise, de 2000 a 2018, foi subdivido em três subperíodos devido a ocorrência de eventos financeiros nos Estados Unidos, tendo sido evidenciada a necessidade de melhorias nas práticas de governança corporativa. Acredita-se que o aprimoramento das práticas de governança corporativa sejam o fruto do surgimento de novas propostas apresentadas na literatura investigada, caracterizando a relevância desta pesquisa. Este estudo contribui para a literatura em Finanças ao apresentar as fundações das pesquisas sobre a governança corporativa por meio de mapeamento bibliométrico, podendo auxiliar as futuras pesquisas ao delinear as bases teóricas utilizadas após os eventos de estresse financeiro relatados. As evidências sugerem a predominância da Teoria da Agência nos períodos analisados. Entretanto, também foram observadas a Teoria da Estrutura de Propriedade, Stakeholder Theory, Stewardship Theory e Resource Dependency Theory que poderiam estar associadas aos eventos ocorridos.
Latinxs and Black Lives Matter: Latinx Talk Mini-Reader #1
Authors: Romero Andrea , Lugo-Lugo Carmen R. , Ramirez Dixa , Schaeffer-Grabiel Felicity , Spears-Rico Gabriela , Hernández-Ávila Inés , Smith Jesus G. , Garcia Merchant Linda , Ek Lucila D. , Cepeda María Elena , Machicote Michaela , Rascon-Canales Michelle , Martinez Miranda , Zamora Omaris Z. , Siu Oriel  María , Rivera-Rideau Petra , Gómez Rachel F. , Amador Rosa , Plácido Sandy , Zepeda Susy , Delgadillo Theresa
Published: July 2021

Latinx Talk Mini-Readers offer a curated selection of essays and creative work previously published on our site and our predecessor site, Mujeres Talk, on specific themes and topics, followed by a set of discussion questions relevant to the readings. We hope these resources contribute to growing knowledge in and of Latinx Studies, expanding dialogues on critical issues, and turning ideas into praxis. These mini-readers are made for classroom and community use. Mujeres Talk published from 2011 to 2017. Latinx Talk has been in publication since 2017.
Telling Images: Forced Disappearance and Territorial Displacement in Recent Mexican and Colombian Documentary Graphic Novels
Authors: Gómez Felipe
Published: July 2021

Territorial displacements, stolen lands, repression, targeted assassinations, and forced disappearances among rural communities in Mexico and Colombia are constant threats that generate complex and urgent questions on the fragile conditions in which the residents of these communities live their day-to-day lives. In this article, I examine recent graphic novels that take an ethical stand to discuss local events in their connections to drug-trafficking, para-State, and other contemporary forms of violence. While there are divergent reasons, conditions and challenges for the creation, distribution, and reception of these graphic novels in such contexts, their authors use similar semiotic and literary mechanisms to imagine and represent these types of violence, and aim to include voices usually omitted, and/or displaced in the narration of these conflicts. I argue that it is precisely due to these inclusions that the role of these works in the politics of narrative and memory of armed conflicts in these Latin American countries is essential for the recognition of new human geographies and cartographies generated by the forced disappearance and uprooting of these communities using violence.
La dimensión sociopolítica de la violencia en Angosta de Héctor Abad Faciolince
Authors: Anderson de la Torre María Antonia
Published: July 2021

La novela, Angosta, de Héctor Abad Faciolince, tiene lugar en una ciudad imaginaria como la Vetusta de Benito Pérez Galdós. En un nivel literario de interpretación, Angosta será un simple espacio ficticio, pero un nivel de análisis sociológico sale a la superficie si se la compara con la Colombia de fines del siglo XX y principios del XXI. Desde una perspectiva de la economía, la política y el orden social, podemos ver puntos de contacto con los efectos de la violencia en la cotidianidad de los ciudadanos de Bogotá, Medellín y Cali y cómo incluso hay alusiones/guiños del Estado mafioso-paramilitar que ha operado durante las dos últimas décadas en el país sudamericano.

El autor nació y creció en un espacio rodeado por la violencia y tuvo que ver a su propio padre asesinado frente a su casa antes de huir al exilio en Italia durante años. Esta poderosa historia se filtra en las páginas de Angosta con distintos personajes y en circunstancias acomodadas de forma que no despierten suspicacias, pero están allí. Escribir sobre fuerzas oscuras estando en el mismo espacio geográfico, ciertamente no es recomendable para la salud, y no sólo Abad, sino escritores como Salman Rushdie y Roberto Saviano han corrido peligro de muerte por su osadía de correr el velo detrás del que opera ese Mago de Oz de la mafia o de la religión.

En el caso de Héctor Abad, es difícil ignorar su papel como víctima de la violencia en Colombia a la hora de hacer alianzas y conexiones entre la ficción de esta novela y la realidad de la Colombia contemporánea. El uso, además, de nombres reales dentro de la novela —de Mario Jursich y Andrés Hoyos, entre otros—, es un guiño adicional que nos permite tender el puente entre un escenario distópico ficticio y la crítica de una sociedad real sumida en el horror. En este ensayo me propongo identificar los efectos más graves de la violencia que aparecen en Angosta y que podemos conectar, sin temor a equivocarnos, con elementos reales de Colombia en calidad de Estado fallido y sociedad anclada a modelos coloniales. Analizaré, pues, cómo aparece en Angosta la desarticulación de Colombia como estado mafioso, la inequidad social, la violencia contra la mujer, el racismo, la pobreza y los ataques contra las expresiones artísticas y cómo navegan los personajes esta realidad resquebrajada. Indagaré, también, de qué manera Abad se vale de una realidad distópica como recurso literario que le permite abordar de forma crítica una temible realidad como la colombiana. La violencia no sólo ha estado presente en la literatura de este autor sino que aparece en la narrativa de otros como Fernando Vallejo, Gabriel García Márquez y Mario Mendoza. Aquí analizaremos también qué características diferencian a nuestro autor de la tradición de la literatura colombiana en este aspecto particular de la violencia.
Update in Diagnosis and Management of Interstitial Lung Diseases
Authors: Salinas Mauricio , Florenzano Matias
Published: July 2021

Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are a complex and diverse group of disorders. ILD are more frequently diagnosed and prevalent now. In this article, diagnosis approach, including new bronchoscopy and genetic tools, and some recently added concepts are revisited, as progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases and interstitial lung abnormalities. Recently information relative to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is shown, including genetics and pathophysiology. We look over the dynamic world of interstitial lung diseases related to connective tissue diseases, principal characteristics of this group and the principles that define which of the various available therapies should be chosen. Finally new concepts and guidelines published about the diagnosis and management of hypersensitivity pneumonitis are reported. New data and treatments have changed our traditional vision of these lung diseases and we will new options in the next years.
Platelet Activating Factor Receptor Binding and Contractile Protein Expression by Ovine Fetal Pulmonary Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: Role in Rho Kinase Mediation of PAF Receptor-Linked Physiological Responses
Authors: Ibe Basil , Douglass Amy , Douglass Stephen , Renteria Lissette
Published: July 2021

We studied effects of hypoxia and some modulators of PAFR–mediated signaling in fetal ovine arterial and venous smooth muscle cells to aid in explaining PAF regulation of fetal pulmonary hemodynamics in utero. PAFR, a G protein coupled receptor, is characteristically measured in membrane proteins. Profile of binding to soluble and nuclear fraction proteins from SMC have not been studied. Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitors decrease PAFR-linked smooth muscle growth, suggesting that PAFR internalization may not be only the pathway to downregulate PAFR-mediated responses. We hypothesized that PAF binds to SMC subcellular protein fractions and together with ROCK contributes to physiological effects of PAF. Protein fractions were prepared from cells cultured in normoxia or hypoxia. PAF binding, PAFR protein and gene expression were studied. In normoxia, PAFR density (Bmax) in arterial and venous SMC were 487±37 and 624±17 respectively, which increased by 30-35% in hypoxia, and was greater in venous than arterial SMC in normoxia and hypoxia. The KD for PAFR binding to arterial cells was higher than for venous, and then hypoxia decreased the KD of PAFR binding in both cell types. PAFR binding to subcellular fractions were detectable, but were significantly lower than for membrane fractions in all conditions; e.g., normoxia: venous versus membrane, soluble fraction, 40%; nuclear fraction, 20%. ROCK inhibitor (Y-27632) attenuated PAFR binding after 24 hr incubation comparable to effects of cycloheximide and CV-3988. Unlike CV-3988, Y-27632 had no effect on PAF binding to pre-synthesized receptors within 30 min incubation. Y-27632 and HA-1077 increased MLCK and Calponin expression, although oxygen-related effects in venous SMC were different. PAFR gene expression was higher in hypoxia and effect of PAF and CV-3988 treatment on gene expression was paradoxically higher in arterial SMC supporting a translational control of PAFR activity in lung SMC. This study shows that PAFR binding to the SMC is not exclusive to membranes and that hypoxia in conjunction with ROCK modulate PAFR-mediated signaling in pulmonary vascular SMC in vitro with different effects on cells from arteries and veins. Different effects of ROCK on contractile proteins expression in hypoxia suggest involvement of these proteins in PAF-induced lung SMC reactivity in utero.
Treatment of Patients with Scoliosis Using a Unique Anterior Scoliosis Correction Technique
Authors: Antonacci Christopher , Antonacci M. , Bassett William , Cerrone Janet , Haas Allison , Haoson Dominque , Cuddihy Laury , Betz Randal
Published: July 2021

Treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is dependent upon multiple factors, including curve type and magnitude, curve progression, skeletal maturity, and clinical trunk deformity. While fusion is effective at achieving curve correction, it is associated with disadvantages including prominent implants beneath the skin, back muscle scarring and atrophy, decreased spine range of motion, and decreased functional spinal mobility. Additional concerns include the potential for longer term development of premature adjacent level disc and facet joint degeneration above and below the fusion. Due to these issues with spinal fusion, surgeons have explored alternative surgical approaches to correct spinal deformity and halt curve progression using either growth modulation or remodeling of the spine while preserving motion. This paper provides an overview of a non-fusion scoliosis correction technique called Anterior Scoliosis Correction (ASC).
The Use of Customized Total Knee Arthroplasty Implants to Increase Efficiency in the Operating Room and Improve Patient Outc
Authors: Sinha Raj
Published: July 2021

Operating room efficiency during surgical procedures saves time and money, reduces waste of hospital resources and improves staff morale. Surgical efficiency in orthopaedic surgery can decrease medical complications, such as periprosthetic infection and venous thromboembolic disease, but also must be associated with equivalent or improved longer term patient reported outcomes. In total knee arthroplasty, the instruments used for bone preparation are excessive in number, are frequently redundant, and rely upon achieving average alignment and rotational parameters. As a result, approximately 15-25% of patients report dissatisfaction with their knee reconstructions. Patient specific customized instruments and patient specific implants improve intraoperative efficiency by reducing surgical steps and eliminating redundant steps. Further, because the customized instruments and implants provide anatomic reconstruction of each individual patient, patient reported outcomes have been higher. Additional demonstrated benefits include improved knee alignment and knee kinematics. This paper addresses the various sources of operating room inefficiency, provides suggestions to overcome them, and discusses the first decade of experience with the customized guides for customized implants as a method to improve efficiency.
Ethics or Bioethics for the Medical Profession?
Authors: Perez Eugenio
Published: July 2021

The events that have occurred as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic have brought to the fore the figure of the doctor, as a main actor, in this complex and uncertain scenario. Many of the medical actions carried out have required strength, reflection, wisdom and prudence, all of them essential virtues according to the classical philosophical tradition, and that the ETHOS of the medical profession and the doctor translate, with this it is necessary to emphasize that it is the traditional medical ethics, the basis of this undeniable commitment to humanity, and that Bioethics, born 60 years ago, has been invested with an unthinkable condition, by its creator VR Potter, who proposed that the main objective should be scientific development -Technical but with ecological responsibility, beyond its supposed guiding function of current medicine. Which are the motivations for choosing the School of Medicine? What does it mean to be a good professional? How to respond to an increasingly demanding society? In light of the development of new technologies and communication systems, which today are universally accessible. It seems that the answer to these questions lies in a higher education based on ancestral ethical principles, which have been professed by generations of doctors, in traditional clinical practice and in practicing general medicine to achieve the specific medical training process, thus achieving efficiently meet the primary health demands of society. Therefore, Bioethics must be understood as an incipient discipline whose objective is to warn about the care of ecosystems, necessary for the survival of the human being, different from medical ethics.
Mechanisms and Managements of Influenza and its Related Pneumonia
Authors: Seki Masafumi
Published: July 2021

Influenza have been a huge issue mainly in elderly people, particularly on the management of patients with pneumonia. The influenza-related pneumonia were generally divided in to two categories, such as primary influenza pneumonia and influenza-related bacterial pneumonia, respectively. The molecular mechanisms, including neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) might be contributed to severe influenza mediated through the ‘cytokine storms’, similar to COVID-19. Co-infection with influenza virus and bacteria were suggested to synergic, and also exacerbate the influenza. The importance of administration of anti- influenza, including Baloxavir, a novel anti-influenza agent, and preventive efforts centered on vaccinations combined with influenza and pneumococcal vaccines should be considered.
Coevolution study of tau and a-synuclein suggests a connection between their normal interaction in neurons and the Parkinson's disease-associated mutation A53T
Authors: Gruschus James
Published: July 2021

Alpha-synuclein lies at the center of Parkinson’s disease etiology, and polymorphisms in the gene for the microtubule-associated protein tau are risk factors for getting the disease. Tau and a-synuclein interact in vitro, and a-synuclein can also compete with tau binding to microtubules. To test whether these interactions might be part of their natural biological functions, a correlated mutation analysis was performed between tau and a-synuclein, looking for evidence of coevolution. For comparison, analyses were also performed between tau and b- and g-synuclein. In addition, analyses were performed between tau and the synuclein proteins and the neuronal tubulin proteins. Potential correlated mutations were detected between tau and a-synuclein, one involving an a-synuclein residue known to interact with tau in vitro, Asn122, and others involving the Parkinson’s disease-associated mutation A53T. No significant correlated mutations were seen between tau and b- and g-synuclein. Tau showed potential correlated mutations with the neuron-specific bIII-tubulin protein, encoded by the TUBB3 gene. No convincing correlated mutations were seen between the synuclein and tubulin proteins, with the possible exception of b-synuclein with bIVa-tubulin, encoded by the TUBB4A gene. While the correlated mutations between tau and a-synuclein suggest the two proteins have coevolved, additional study will be needed to confirm that their interaction is part of their normal biological function in cells.
The Effect of Reflection Rounds on Medical Students’ Empathy
Authors: MarkhamJr Fred , Westlake Erica , DeSantis Jennifer
Published: July 2021

Background: Students’ decline in empathy during medical school raises concerns. Empathic physician-patient interactions positively impact health outcomes and patient satisfaction, while improving job satisfaction and reducing physician burnout. Reflection rounds may be suitable for maintaining student empathy during training. Hypothesis: Our hypothesis was Reflection Rounds would increase empathy scores of MS3s and results would vary by gender. Methods: MS3s completed the Jefferson Scale of Empathy upon starting and finishing their clerkship. Students in the experimental group attended four 1-hour sessions, led by a clinician and pastoral team member. The control group did not attend sessions. Results: No significant difference in baseline empathy scores was found between the two groups. There was a significant increase in student empathy scores among the experimental group, improving mean score from 114.1 to 116.5, p-value of 0.04. There were no significant changes among the students who did not participate in Reflection Rounds. Differences were found according to gender, with women scoring higher overall than men at baseline and increasing after sessions. Conclusion: These results indicate that Reflection Rounds can improve the empathy of medical students, and warrant further investigation into their effects and utility within medical education.
Clinical profile, risk factors and comorbidities associated with mortality among COVID-19 inpatients at a tertiary care centre in Visakhapatnam: a retrospective study
Authors: Praveen Janipalli Venkata , Kumar K. V. V. Vijaya
Published: July 2021

Background: The rapid emergence of novel COVID-19 infections has resulted in infection to millions of people and hundreds of deaths around the world. Without effective drugs for COVID-19, early identification and control of risk factors are important measures to combat COVID-19. This study aims to determine the risk factors and comorbidities associated with poor prognosis and mortality in COVID-19 patients in a tertiary hospital.Methods: This is a retrospective study of all laboratory confirmed cases of COVID-19 patients with poor outcome in a tertiary hospital in Visakhapatnam from April to June months of 2021. Demographic, clinical history comorbidities and outcomes data were collected from government hospital for chest and communicable diseases and were entered in Microsoft excel. The data was analyzed using univariate binomial logistic regression, generalized linear models with poison distribution.Results: We included 306 COVID-19 positive patients with a median age of 46 years. Of these, 64.05% were males and 36.94% were females. Risk associated with worse outcome included males, old age, comorbidities like hypertension (47.38%), diabetes (37.58%), cardiac disease (4.9%), hypothyroidism (3.26%), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (3.26%), and malignancies (1.63%).Conclusions: Risk factors for poor outcomes among COVID-19 cases include old age, males, diabetic patients, hypertensive patients, cardiac patients, and CKD patients.
Study of hypokalemia and correlation with severity of disease in patients with COVID-19 positive severe acute respiratory illness and COVID-19 negative severe acute respiratory illness
Authors: Mahendra Talavara , R. Madhumathi , B. Supriyaa Bhakthavatchalam , N. Nijaguna Siddesh
Published: July 2021

Background: Although the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is creating a major global health crisis, the risk factors for mortality and the detailed clinical course of disease has not yet established. Clinical spectrum of the disease varies from mild symptoms to ARDS. The main objective of this study was to determine hypokalemia and correlation of severity of disease with hypokalemia in patients with COVID-19 positive SARI (severe acute respiratory illness) and COVID-19 negative SARI patients.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study conducted on 265 SARI patients who were admitted in hospitals attached to BMCRI from April 2019 to December 2019. History was taken, general and systemic examination was done. Patients were categorized and selected patients with moderate and severe illness. RT-PCR for COVID-19 patients done using throat and nasal swab. Potassium levels were estimated and correlated with severity of illness in patients with COVID-19 positive and COVID-19 negative status.Results: The study included 265 SARI patients, of which 135 were COVID-19 positive patients and 130 were COVID-19 negative. Patients categorized into moderate and severe SARI. Mean age of subjects with COVD-19 positive (severe) was higher, 58.70±15.598 followed by COVID-19 positive (moderate), 55.13±14.480. About 30% (N=90) belonged to severe SARI group, Chi square test showed statistical significant association with respect to age. In this study there was no statistically significant hypokalemia found between COVID-19 positive SARI patients (N=20, 14.81%) and COVID-19 negative SARI patients (N=17, 13.07%). However hypokalemia COVID-19 positive SARI patients 14.81% (N=20) and COVID-19 negative SARI patients 13.07% (N=17). And also there is no statistically significant hypokalemia between SARI severe and SARI moderate cases.Conclusions: However in this study there is no statistically significant hypokalemia found between COVID-19 positive SARI patients and COVID-19 negative SARI patients. And also there is not statistically significant hypokalemia between SARI severe and SARI moderate cases. Hypokalemia is found in both in both COVID-19 positive SARI patients and COVID-19 negative SARI patients and relatively more in COVID-19 positive patients. Hypokalemia is one of the treatable condition and early detection and treatment reduces mortality.
A prospective study to evaluate functional results of PHILOS locking plate system in management of proximal humerus fractures in adults
Authors: Gawali Satish R. , Sonkawade Venktesh D. , Nair Pradeepkumar S. , Mate Gaurav B.
Published: July 2021

Background: Various management options are available for management of proximal humerus fractures where PHILOS plating is one of them. But data available in literature on its use and efficacy in management of all types of proximal humerus fractures is still dicey. So, we through our study attempted to grow our knowledge regarding its functional results, complication rates, etc. for use in coming future.

Methods: 30 patients with proximal humerus fractures classified on the basis of Neer’s classification were included in study who were operated from 2018 to 2020 at our institute. These patients were operated by PHILOS locking plate system with either delto-pectoral or trans-deltoid approach and they are followed up at regular intervals to assess them clinicoradiologicallly and functionally by Neer’s criteria.

Results: In our study we found maximum incidence of these fracture between age group of 40-80 years (66.66%) with male to female ratio of 2:1 with 19 patients having left sided and 11 patients having right sided proximal humerus fracture. Complications were found in 11 patients (36.67%). Functional evaluation was carried out using Neer’s criteria at final follow up which came to excellent results in 3, satisfactory in 18, unsatisfactory in 7 and failure in 2 patients. Average time of fracture union was 12.62 weeks.

Conclusions: PHILOS locking plate system serves good purpose in management of fractures of proximal humerus but requires trained faculty to do this operation who has detailed knowledge about shoulder anatomy and mechanism of injury to reduce complications associated with this type of modality.
A study on functional outcome following surgical fixation for lower spine injuries
Authors: Sivakumar M. , Kumar M. Ganesh
Published: July 2021

Background: Cervical spine injuries are one of the common causes of serious morbidity mortality following trauma. 6% of trauma patients have spine injuries of which >50% is contributed by a cervical spine injury. The aim of the study was to determine the functional outcome following surgical fixation for sub-axial cervical spine.

Methods: this prospective study involving 17 patients who were all admitted with sub-axial cervical spine injuries and amenable to intervention in our department of orthopedics and traumatology, government Theni medical college, Tamil Nadu, India in the year 2019-2020. Duration of 6 months from December 2019 to may 2020.

Results: Most of the injuries presented within 24 hours of injury. Most of the patients presented with an incomplete neurological deficit. C5-C6 subluxation with disc bulge was the most common spinal injury. 5 patients were operated on more than 2 levels. The rest of the patients were operated on at 2 levels.

Conclusions: We consider that the anterior decompression and fusion with a locking compression plate is a viable procedure in sub-axial cervical spine injuries.
Gunshot wound to the lumber spine – Autopsy based case report
Authors: Sharma Mukul , Rath Biplab , Padhi Kimi Soumya , Sahoo Maharshi Ranjan , Sahu Manas Ranjan
Published: July 2021

Since their origin from China, firearms have gained popularity because of easy techniques and effectiveness. This has made them a popular choice of homicide and suicide. Here we present a case where the death is by shooting from a pistol from a point blank range. Bullet takes a crazy course once entered inside the body due to the variation in fluid flow, densities of various organs and air filled cavities. It becomes all the more difficult if there is surgical manipulation. Radiographs were done to have an idea about the place of lodgment of bullet in body. The advent of various radiographic methods like computer tomography and radiography have made the job of autopsy surgeon a little bit easier.
Etiology and management of disorders of temporomandibular joint: A literarure review
Authors: Sheoran Lalita , Sehrawat Monika , Nandal Neha , Sharma Divya , Fatima Dania
Published: July 2021

Temporomandibular disorders usually represented as a group of painful as well as altered conditions involving the muscles of mastication and the muscles around the temporomandibular joint. Usually the patient are un aware of the condition. Temporomandibular joint disorders affects twenty five percent of the population. Temporomandibular disorders represent with musculoskeletal degenerative conditions of the joint which results in functional as well as morphological deformities of the temporomandibular joint. As temporomandibular disorders cases are complex with unique nature with respect to each case, so the diagnosis and treatment modality is quite different for each type of case.
Facial asymmetry: A review
Authors: Mishra Ankit , Tandon Ragni , Azam Aftab , Singh Kamlesh , Chandra Pratik , V Mishra Shreya
Published: July 2021

The term “asymmetry” is used to make reference to dissimilarity between homologous elements, altering the balance between the structures. Facial asymmetry is common in the overall population and is often presented subclinically. The assessment of facial asymmetry includes the interview of the patient with the orthodontist, extra-oral and intra-oral clinical examination. Depending upon the careful diagnosis the treatment options are selected from asymmetrical orthodontic mechanics to orthodontic surgery, depending upon the patient’s age, primary etiology of disease. When the amount of asymmetry is significant, the problem is usually visible, which has a detrimental impact on one's facial and smile aesthetics. Facial asymmetry in the craniofacial complex ranges from barely discernible to obvious differences between the right and left half of the face.
Changes in lipd profile and some biochemical parameters in perimenopausal women treated with turmeric
Authors: Ogbodo E.C. , Ugorji B.N. , Meludu S.C. , Ogbu I.S.I. , Chikezie D.O. , Igwebuobi C.F. , Nduka N.S.
Published: July 2021

Turmeric is a perennial plant of ginger family serving as an effective nutritional supplement that has major benefits for the body and brain. The major benefits stretch from anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-arthritic, anti-aging to improving brain functions as well as its possible property of lowering sugar, lipids and increasing calcium. Due to fluctuation in estrogen, perimenopausal women are at high risk of heart disease, diabetes and osteoporosis.

This study investigates the effect of turmeric on lipid profile and some biochemical parameters in perimenopausal women. Sixty apparently healthy women of perimenopausal age were selected and treated for three months with turmeric. Blood sample were collected at baseline, first, second and third month of treatments. Serum was evaluated for lipid profile, fasting blood sugar and calcium. Measurements of their anthropometric parameters were taken at every level.

The mean anthropometric parameters showed that weight p=0.045, WC p=0.043 was significantly lower after three months of treatment while SBP p=0.000, DBP p=0.009 was significantly increased after three months of treatment. Calcium concentration increased though not significant but FBS significantly decreased to 4.83±0.41 (p=0.004) after three months of treatment. HDL increased significantly to 1.30 ± 0.11 (p=0.0001) after three months of treatment.

This study showed that turmeric increases calcium and HDL-c concentration, reduces weight, waist circumference, FBS, TC, TG, LDL, VLDL and moderates systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Thus, it serves as an alternative remedy in management of menopausal symptoms.
Evaluation of some pharmacognostic parameters of the herbs for a traditional hematinic (Haematol -B) powdered formulation in Ogbomoso, Nigeria
Authors: Ideh J.E. , Ogunkunle A.T.J , Olaniran G.F. , Olu F.O.
Published: July 2021

The traditional hematinic oral powdered herbal drug (Haematol-B) from Ogbomoso, Nigeria had been characterized in terms of its botanical constituents, ascorbic acid and mineral elements composition, but there is inadequate information on the pharmacognostic properties of the ten herbal materials for its formulation. Therefore the objective of this study was to evaluatethe bark and wood anatomy (as appropriate) of seven of these herbs with a view to highlighting the diagnostic markers for their authentication. Following the conventional anatomical procedures of transverse sectioning (TS) and tissue maceration (TIM), a total of 21 characters were drawn from the barks (root or stem as appropriate) of the seven woody species studied, while 41 characteristics of the wood in the roots of three of the species were compiled using TS, transverse longitudinal sectioning (TLS), radial longitudinal sectioning (RLS) and TIM techniques. Staining, mounting and microscopic examinations followed, and the observed features were taxonomically described in accordance with the provisions of International Association of Wood Anatomists. Their diagnostic values among the medicinal herbs studied were also explored. The bark anatomical features that can be used to diagnose the species studied were those of the secondary cortex, phloem rays, axial parenchyma, sclereids and resin ducts. The wood anatomical markers included features of the vessels in the TS and variable ray characteristics in the TLS. The two artificial keys constructed from discontinuities in qualitative and quantitative anatomical features of the barks and the wood are useful tools for avoiding misidentification of the herbal materials studied.
Theological Icons of the Virgin Mary in the Teachings of Pope Francis
Authors: Adam Anton
Published: July 2021

At the center of the world’s attention is man as a being who is called to complete his life in communion with God. To fulfill this purpose, after the fall of the first people, God sends his Son, who received human nature from his mother—the Virgin Mary. The motherhood of Jesus‘ mother is the reason for taking the right attitude toward the woman through whom we received the Creator of life. It is rightly spoken of the Marian veneration, which is shown by the cult of hyperdulia. The doctrine of the Catholic Church takes a position on all the important aspects of this reverence as well as the correct attitude of the believer to mariological topics that resonate in theological circles. An important and irreplaceable role is also played by the teachings of the popes, which are presented in different ways and on different occasions. Pope Francis takes a stand on the issues arising from the participation of the Virgin Mary in the history of salvation. In the study we will point out the theological images of the Virgin Mary in the teachings of Pope Francis as they are contained in the documents of his pontificate.
Ecclesia semper convertenda como princípio eclesiológico segundo a exortação Ecclesia in America de João Paulo II
Authors: Hable Edson José
Published: July 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é a verificação da hipótese se Ecclesia semper convertenda é um princípio eclesiológico. O estudo baseia-se na exortação pós-sinodal Ecclesia in America de João Paulo II. A hipótese foi verificada positivamente como princípio eclesiológico. Ecclesia semper convertenda abrange: a) o mistério de Deus como fonte de conversão; b) a Revelação em Jesus Cristo que revela ao ser humano o plano divino do Reino de Deus pelo chamado à conversão e a fé no Evangelho; c) a comunhão com Deus e com as pessoas na Igreja como cumprimento da conversão; d) a realização da missão da Igreja como resultado da conversão pessoal e comunitária. Conversão/metanoia tem fundamentação profundamente teológica; provém da Sagrada Escritura e se dirige à vida toda daquele que acolhe o chamado de Jesus Cristo e corresponde integralmente. O tema tem amplo alcance e aplicações e é relacionado à fé cristã, sendo hermenêutica do Evangelho e da Igreja.
Programas multiprofissionais de tratamento da obesidade severa em adultos: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Castilho Mario Moreira , Mendes Anselmo Alexandre , Bim Ricardo Henrique , Westphal Greice , Junior Nelson Nardo
Published: July 2021

Introdução: A obesidade é uma doença crônica multifatorial caracterizada pelo acúmulo excessivo de gordura e que representa um enorme impacto na saúde do indivíduo com repercussão econômica e social. Objetivo:Identificar trabalhos que apresentem resultados de programas multiprofissionais de tratamento da obesidade (PMTO) publicados entre 2000 e 2018. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática com a utilização dos softwares Endnote e Start, para identificar estudos sobre efeitos de PMTO sobre a obesidade severa cujos desfechos incluíssem: parâmetros bioquímicos, antropométricos, psicológicos ou de aptidão física. As bases de busca foram a SCIELO, LILACS e PUBMED. Resultados: Foram encontrados 713 artigos, dos quais 25 eram duplicados e 685 foram excluídos, por não atenderem aos critérios pré-estabelecidos, restando, assim apenas três artigos para a leitura na íntegra e análise detalhada. Foram verificadas melhora na capacidade funcional (FC, PA e VO2 pico) como também em parâmetros bioquímicos como: glicemia, colesterol total, HDL, LDL, triglicerídeos, além de redução do peso corporal e IMC.Conclusão: A escassez de estudos científicos sobre os efeitos de PMTO na obesidade severa revela, por um lado o predomínio da abordagem cirúrgica em detrimento aos PMTO, e por outro lado aponta a necessidade de mais serviços/estudos sobre essa temática com esta população específica.
Caracterização de crianças e adolescentes vulneráveis residentes de uma cidade Sulmineira
Authors: Cassimiro Inácio Monique Louise , Costa Pereira Fernanda , Casarine Alimeida Isabela , Batista Fernandes Lidiane , Souza Garcia Débora , Ferreira Silva Tatiane Aparecida , Da Cunha Pereira Kelly Aparecida , Cardoso de Oliveira Izabela Regina , Corrêa Pereira Rafaela , De Angelis-Pereira Michel Cardoso
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: caracterizar crianças e adolescentes vulneráveis socioeconomicamente. Materiais e Métodos: participaram da pesquisa 246 voluntários que responderam a um questionário semiestruturado sobre percepções do local de moradia e segurança pessoal. A cor da pele foi autodeclarada e a Insegurança Alimentar (IA) foi avaliada pela Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar (EBIA). O estado nutricional foi averiguado pela aferição do peso e altura e posterior cálculo do IMC. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste qui-quadrado através do software SPSS® e apresentados em intervalos de confiança para as proporções.Resultados: a cor de pele predominante foi a negra (43,9% [43,60% - 44,20%]). Não houveram diferenças no padrão de respostas referentes ao local de moradia entre os sujeitos das diferentes cores de pele. Mais de 50% dos voluntários relataram ter medo de pessoas estranhas, 69,9% [57% - 80%] se encontravam IA, 51,8% estavam em excesso de peso e apresentaram consumo médio de 3,57 porções de produtos ultraprocessados diariamente.Conclusão: os voluntários foram caracterizados predominantemente como negros e pardos.  Embora, serem em sua maioria, eutróficos, expressiva parcela se encontrou em excesso de peso e, de tudo, os dados alertam que é uma população que se encontra em IA e com elevado consumo de produtos ultraprocessados.
Associação do risco cardiovascular com a imagem corporal e estado nutricional de pacientes de um serviço de estética
Authors: Ogliari Mariza , Cortez Lúcia Elaine , Oliveira Daniel Vicentini de , Nascimento Júnior José Roberto Andrade , Acêncio Fábio Ricardo , Santos Natália Quevedo , Bennemann Rose Mari
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a associação do risco cardiovascular com a percepção da imagem corporal e o estado nutricional e de pacientes atendidos na clínica de estética em uma instituição de ensino superior de Maringá, Paraná. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com 95 pacientes, de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 20 e 59 anos. Como instrumentos, foram utilizados a Escala de Nove Silhuetas, pelo Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e pela circunferência da cintura. A análise dos dados foi conduzida por meio do teste Exato de Fisher (p<0,05). Resultados: Os resultados evidenciaram que quarenta e oito pacientes (84,21%), das 57 que responderam a Escala de Nove Silhuetas, mostraram-se insatisfeitas com o corpo pelo excesso de peso. Não foi observada associação significativa do risco cardiovascular com o IMC e apercepção de imagem corporal (p>0,05). Conclusão: o risco cardiovascular parece não estar associado ao IMC e imagem corporal dos pacientes da clínica de estética. No entanto, ressalta-se que as mulheres com quadro de obesidade e de elevado risco cardiovascular procuram mais tratamentos para redução da gordura corporal.