bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nomes de municípios alagoanos de taxionomias de natureza física: o homem, sua língua e seu hábitat
Authors: Melo Pedro Antonio Gomes de
Published: June 2022

O nome dos acidentes humanos caracterizados como municipalidades não está alheio a questões sociais, históricas e culturais dessas unidades político-administrativas e o estudo de suas taxes e motivações semânticas se justifica, pois quando se reconhece suas taxes se compreende os enredos da formação e sedentarização do homem. Nessa perspectiva, objetiva-se apresentar uma descrição e análise linguística e extralinguística do inventário dos 54 designativos municipais de natureza física constitutivos de uma macrotoponímia de Alagoas. Quanto aos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos, trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico, de abordagem quali-quantitativa, fundamentada, pelos princípios teóricos da Toponímia tradicional, em especial a proposta de categorização de Dick (1990; 1992; 2006; 2007). Após a análise, identificou-se 9 taxes diferentes no universo das taxionomias de natureza física relacionadas aos nomes de municípios presentes no corpus estudado. Dentre elas, as taxes dos fitotopônimos e hidrotopônimos se revelaram as mais produtivas, com registros de 18 ocorrências para cada categoria, de um total de 54 macrotopônimos. Por conseguinte, evidenciou-se, com mais ênfase, como motivação toponímica a valoração da flora e da hidrografia local, por parte do sujeito-nomeador, por meio da escolha de nomes de espécies vegetais e de rios e lagoas que se destacam na paisagem da região em que se localiza o município nomeado, materializando, no léxico toponímico, os vínculos denominativos entre o homem, sua língua e seu habitat.
A voz do estereótipo nos assistentes digitais
Authors: Braga Joaquim
Published: June 2022

Os processos de reprodução e sintetização da voz humana nos dispositivos de assistência digital não obedecem, somente, a mecanismos puramente tecnológicos. Neles também se evidenciam quer formas de conceber a linguagem segundo os preceitos da informação quer formas de actualizar e perpetuar certos estereótipos sociais, particularmente os de género. É com o propósito de reflectir sobre a articulação de ambas que se justificam os conteúdos expostos no presente artigo, assim como a principal distinção conceptual, que, nele, é desenvolvida, entre ‘a voz que ouve’ e ‘a voz que é ouvida’. São duas as teses que norteiam esse propósito. A primeira sugere que a padronização dos assistentes digitais segundo critérios de discriminação de género é, ainda, nos nossos tempos, uma das várias manifestações do amplo fenómeno da divisão sexual do trabalho. A segunda tese, por sua vez, abrange o fenómeno tecnológico da chamada “convergência digital” e diz respeito aos modos de como os estereótipos auditivos, baseados na imagem de mãe-cuidadora, complementam e reforçam os estereótipos visuais. Para que a articulação teórica das duas teses seja profícua, é necessário, antes de tudo, desmistificar a suposta interacção verbal entre máquina e utilizador, mostrando – ao contrário do que se infere do imaginário tecnológico contemporâneo – a impossibilidade dialógica de ambos.
Optimization of sizing of annual water storage reservoirs considering return period association
Authors: Nunes Aline de Araújo , Pruski Fernando Falco , Paula Mhaisa Henrique de , Reis Bárbara Cristina Mendanha
Published: June 2022

An increasing concern among water resources managers is the search for ways to improve reservoir sizing techniques. A simple technical and scientifically based technique is the sequent peak method, which has been widely disseminated, but presents limitations with respect to the length of the available data series. The objective of this study was to propose modifications to the sequent peak method to overcome the limitations related to the impossibility of associating the reservoir storage capacity with return periods different from the length of the data series. Storage capacities were estimated for every year, considering gauge stations located in the Urucuia River Basin, based on the sequent peak method. In order to associate such capacities with a frequency factor (return period), the Gumbel distribution was applied to the estimated storage values. This association with return periods which differ from the number of years in the data series showed great applicability
Convergence rate in structural equation models – analysis of estimation methods and implications in the number of observations
Authors: Figueredo Clodoaldo José , Marques Jair Mendes
Published: June 2022

Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is used to analyze the causal relationships between observable and unobservable variables. Among the assumptions considered, but not essential, for the application of the SEM are the presence of multivariate normality between the data, and the need for a large number of observations, in order to obtain the variances and covariances between the variables. It is not always possible to have access to a sufficiently large number of observations to enable the calculation of parameters, and the convergence of the iterative algorithm is one of the problems in obtaining the results. This work investigates the convergence of iterative algorithms, which minimize the variation of parameters, through a stipulated convergence rate, using the Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Generalized Least Squares (GLS) estimation methods on structural equation models using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and regression models. Convergences were evaluated in relation to the number of observations, in order to obtain a minimum quantity sufficient for a convergence rate above 50%. The calculations were performed in the statistical environment R® version 3.4.4, and the results obtained showed a convergence rate above 50% for models estimated by GLS, even with the data showing lack of multivariate normality, kurtosis and accentuated asymmetry. Thus, it was possible to define a minimum number of observations necessary for an adequate convergence of the iterative algorithms in obtaining the necessary parameters.
Application of Arc-GIS, HEC-GeoHMS and HEC-HMS in a holistic sense for estimation of rainfall-runoff process: case study over Ballikaya Basin
Authors: Elagca Adnan , Dis Muhammet Omer
Published: June 2022

In this paper, the relationship between rainfall and runoff is examined according to SCS-CN method based on DEM, soil and land use maps over Ballikaya Watershed. For the applicability of the method, firstly, the basin physical characteristics are compiled in Arc-GIS environment. Then, parameters related to the physical properties of the land are processed via HEC-GeoHMS, and continuous rainfall-runoff simulations are estimated by the HEC-HMS. The simulation parameters are conducted with five different objective function methods, and evaluations of the model performance are explained in addition to graphical methods with different metrics including NSCE, MRE and PCC. Results show that the HEC-HMS simulations capture time of the peak although predictions slightly underestimate value of the peak flows and runoff volume. Nevertheless, runoff fluctuation is simulated well respect to observed hydrographs over the watershed during both calibration and verification periods. In addition, the obtained simulation values with this study show that the hydrograph values of the rivers in the Ballikaya Watershed have the potential to be predicted via computer environment without any need from gauging measurements. Results can be used to investigate potential drought and flood risks over the region based only on the weather forecasts for the future studies.
Measuring what Matters
Authors: Kolisambeevi Arif Abdulsalam , Pournami Femitha , Prithvi Ajai Kumar , Nandakumar Anand , Prabhakar Jyothi , Jain Naveen
Published: June 2022

Background:

Descriptions of course of illness during prolonged intensive care is as essential as studying outcomes in extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGANs). Understanding the expected trajectory of respiratory illness aids in the recognition of risk factors followed by appropriate counselling and resource allocation. We studied the patterns of respiratory illness in ELGAN over the first 2 weeks and its association with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

Methodology

Levels of respiratory care in ELGAN from 2017 to 2021 were analysed. They were classified into four groups (pragmatically at the bedside) based on oxygen requirements as Category 1: persistent low needs (PL) – FIO2 <0.3 on day 3, and FIO2 <0.3 at 2 weeks, Category 2: progressive worsening (PW) – FIO2 <0.3 on day 3, worsening to >0.3 at 2 weeks, Category 3: persistent high needs (PH) – FIO2 >0.3 on day 3, continuing to need >0.3 at 2 weeks and Category 4: progressive improvement (PI) – FIO2 >0.3 on day 3, improving to <0.3 at 2 weeks. The proportion of infants in each group who developed BPD was also determined.

Results

Seventy-four survivors of 91 live-born ELGAN were included, of whom 29.7% developed BPD. Most infants were in PL category (83.8%). Those in the worse categories (PW and PH) constituted only 4.05%. The association of classification as worse patterns (PW or PH) with BPD was not statistically significant, but the numbers were very small.

Conclusions

Major proportion of ELGAN were categorised into reassuring archetypes of respiratory requirements. Drawing conclusions about the association with BPD may need analysis of a larger number of infants.
Airway Management of a Giant Thoracic Ganglioneuroma Causing Airway Obstruction in a 3-Year-Old Child
Authors: Kumar Alok , Singh Simrandeep , Tiwari Nikhil , Joshi Ankur
Published: June 2022

Large tumours occupying one half of the thoracic cavity are rare and may cause life-threatening complications by compression or invasion of vital structures that results in cardiovascular and/or respiratory insufficiency. In-depth preoperative planning is necessary after assessment of perioperative risk of hemithoracic masses. By providing lung isolation, one-lung ventilation technique provides improved surgical conditions compared to conventional dual-lung ventilation for thoracic surgery. As double-lumen tubes are not available for smaller children, balloon-tipped bronchial blockers remain the technique of choice, especially under the age of 6 years. Huge intrathoracic masses in small children with radiological and clinical findings suggesting airway compression are high risk for airway complications. Fibreoptic bronchoscope-guided intubation should be preferred in view of tracheobronchial compression by the mass and placement of an endobronchial blocker helps in one-lung ventilation in small children. The management of these tumours is challenging and should be performed only in specialised centres.
How to Write Case Reports and Case Series
Authors: Ganesan Prasanth
Published: June 2022

Case reports are considered the smallest units of descriptive studies. They serve an important function in bringing out information regarding presentation, management, and/or outcomes of rare diseases. They can also be a starting point in understanding unique associations in clinical medicine and can introduce very effective treatment paradigms. Preparing the manuscript for a case report may be the first exposure to scientific writing for a budding clinician/researcher. This manuscript describes the steps of writing a case report and essential considerations when publishing these articles. Individual components of a case report and the “dos and don'ts” while preparing these components are detailed.
Postburn rehabilitation and improvement of body image
Authors: Kumar Vijay
Published: June 2022

Improvement in quality of life and optimum functional recovery after burn injury is the final goal of burn care. After major burn injuries, look (body image) and functionality changed a lot. How a person perceive himself or herself, how confident about his/her looks, and how much confident about his/her body appearance are collectively known as body image. Severe distress is present in 30% of burn survivors and perceives their distorted body image after their first hospitalization. Pre- and postoperative physiotherapy and occupational therapy provide alternative ways for these problems of burn patients. Almost everyone has certain degree of changes in their recovery phase, but most of them get used to the change in their appearance over the time.
Clinicoepidemiological profile of thermal burn injuries and its mortality risk factors in a tertiary care center in Uttarakhand
Authors: Verma Pankaj Kumar , Saxena Himanshu , Kala Sriranjan , Singh Mohit , Tripathi Komal
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

Burns are a major burden to the society in terms of lives lost, treatment costs, and postburn deformities. This study aims to identify the incidence, causes of burns, associated risk factors, and mortality in a tertiary care center in Uttarakhand.

Patients and Methods:

This study was an observational study conducted from October 2018 to April 2021 at a tertiary care center in Uttarakhand. It includes the patients with thermal burns who were admitted in the burns unit of the hospital. The interrelationship between various risk factors and mortality was studied.

Results:

A total of 247 patients were included in the study. Males outnumbered females constituting 55.47% of the population. Most of the patients were of age group 21–40 years and were from rural backgrounds, belonging to lower socioeconomic class. The literacy rate was 76.52%. Farming was the predominant occupation. Major cause of burns was flame burns with second-degree burns being the most common. Accidental burns were common, and mostly (39.68%) patients sustained burns with total burn surface area (TBSA) <25%. The mortality rate was 11.34%. Majority (56.68%) of the patients belonged to Class IV socioeconomic class (modified BG Prasad classification).

Conclusions:

Young males of rural background and low socioeconomic strata were the most common victim of burn injuries. The majority of cases were accidental thermal burns. The mortality rate was high in patients with TBSA >60%, third-degree burns and housewives. Appropriate measures need to be taken regarding the education of the public for prevention of burns and improvement in healthcare to decrease the incidence and improve the outcome of burn patients.
Prevention of conversion in posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy by measuring pre-operative anatomical conditions on cross-sectional imaging (computerised tomography or magnetic resonance imaging)
Authors: Eichelberger Simone , Schindera Sebastian , Nebiker Christian Andreas
Published: June 2022

Background:

In addition to the common laparoscopic lateral transperitoneal adrenalectomy (LTA), the posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy (PRA) is becoming increasingly important. Both techniques overlap in their indication, resulting in uncertainty about the preferred approach in some patients. We hypothesise that by determining anatomical characteristics on cross-sectional imaging computerised tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, we can show the limitations of the PRA and prevent patients from being converted to LTA.

Methods:

This retrospective study includes 14 patients who underwent PRA (n = 15) at a single institution between 2016 and 2018. Previously described parameters such as the retroperitoneal fat mass (RPF) were measured on pre-operative imaging. We compared data from one patient who had a conversion with those from 13 patients without conversion. Furthermore, we explored the influence of these parameters on the operative time.

Results:

Conversion to LTA was necessary during 1 PRA procedure. Fourteen PRAs in 13 patients were successfully completed. The mean body mass index was 30 kg/m2 and the mean operation time was 98 min. One patient who underwent a conversion had a substantially higher RPF (25 mm) compared to the patients with successfully completed PRA (median: 5.5 mm [P = 0.001]). Furthermore, the operation time strongly correlated with the RPF (P = 0.004, r = 0.713).

Conclusions:

Surgeons can use pre-operative imaging to assess the anatomical features to determine whether a PRA can be performed. Patients with an RPF under 14.3 mm can be safely treated with PRA. In contrast, LTA access should be considered for patients with a higher RPF (>25 mm).
When the kids put climate change on trial: youth-focused rights-based climate litigation around the world
Authors: Parker Larissa , Mestre Juliette , Jodoin Sébastien , Wewerinke-Singh Margarentha
Published: June 2022

Young people are increasingly taking governments to court for their failure to meaningfully abate climate change. They argue that states have a responsibility under domestic and international law to protect, respect and fulfil the rights of children against worsening climate change. Such cases form a unique subset of rights-based climate change litigation due to their emphasis on intergenerational equity. Young people are disproportionately affected by the climate crisis and face distinct age-related vulnerabilities and adverse discrimination linked to the impacts of climate change. The unequal burden that young people bear in this context is also shaped by the social, legal, political and economic structures that marginalize their interests and voices in societies around the world. To reclaim their agency in the face of the crisis, young people are increasingly mobilizing against policies and actions that perpetuate the status quo. They do so through participation in activist efforts, and as we discuss in this paper, litigation cases. As of May 2021, the Sabin Centre for Climate Change Law’s database of climate litigation included 32 youth-focused cases in 14 countries. Our article takes stock of this wave of climate litigation and offers both a typology for and analysis of the types of claims in this jurisprudence. We identify three types of youth-focused cases, including those focused on: (1) insufficient efforts to reduce carbon emissions and meet climate commitments; (2) insufficient efforts to implement mitigation and adaptation measures; and (3) specific regulatory approvals that are expected to have dramatic climate impacts. We also identify a worrisome trend in which youth-focused cases are dismissed due to a lack of justiciability or standing at a procedural stage. We suggest that courts’ refusal to deal with the merits of these claims undermines not just the agency of young people, but also constitutes a denial of their rights to redress for human rights infringements resulting from worsening climate change.
Assisted reproduction of Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822
Authors: Mimoune Nora , Rouabah Abdelkader , Khelef Djamel , Kaidi Rachid
Published: June 2022

The objective of this work was to set up an experimental protocol concerning artificial reproduction in the catfish Clarias gariepinus with the induction of spawning using GnRH. The experiment was carried out at an aquaculture farm in Khemis Meliana (Ain Defla), Algeria. In the study, five African catfish broodstock (3 females and 2 males) were used. Hormonal injection was made into the back muscle below the fin, and doses of GnRH were determined according to the weight of each individual. Fertilisation was performed artificially using the dry method. After incubating the eggs, a binocular magnifying glass was used to check egg condition and embryonic development over time. The results obtained show that artificial insemination of this species, and survival and growth of larvae, are possible. After injection with GnRH, C. gariepinus females displayed successful ovulation, fertilisation, larval hatching, and larval monitoring. For this species, a latency period of 22 hours was recorded, and approximately 35,700 larvae were obtained. The fertilization rate was 48%. At the end of this experiment, we can conclude that it is possible to improve reproduction through the proper use of hormonal stimulation techniques and by improving the diet and abiotic factors that are dominant in fish farming.
DIVERSITY OF APHIDS (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) INFESTINGSOLANACEOUS PLANTS (ANGIOSPERMAE: SOLANALES:SOLANACEAE) IN INDIA
Authors: Singh Rajendra , Singh Garima
Published: June 2022

Among the flowering plants, the family Solanaceae is one of the economically important families in the world. Species in this family have been cultivated for vegetables (brinjal, potato, tomato etc.), spices (chili pepper), tobacco, garden flowers etc. At least 51 species of plants of this family were found to be infested by 60 species of aphids (Insecta: Homoptera: Aphididae) in India. Maximum number of aphid species (21 aphid species) are colonised on Solanum tuberosum followed by Nicotiana tabacum (18 aphid species), Solanum melongena (14 aphid species), Solanum lycopersicum (13 aphid species), Datura metel and Solanum nigrum (11 aphid species each), Cestrum fasciculatum (10 aphid species). Similarly, maximum number of plant species (34 plant species) are colonized by Myzus (Nectarosiphon) persicae (Sulzer) followed by Aphis (Aphis) gossypii Glover (30 plant species), Aphis (Aphis) spiraecola Patch (16 plant species), Aphis (Aphis) fabae Scopoli (14 plant species), Brachycaudus (Brachycaudus) helichrysi (Kaltenbach) (12 plant species), Aphis (Aphis) craccivora Koch (11 plant species), Myzus (Myzus) ornatus Laing (10 plant species), and less than 10 plant species in case of other aphid species.
THE COMPOSITION OF y6T-LYMPHOCYTES IN PATIENTS WITH IgA-NEPHROPATHY
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Svirskaya A. V. , Komissarov K. S. ,   Minsk Scientific and Practical Center of Surgery, Transplantology and Hematology, Minchenko E. I. ,   1-st City Clinical Hospital, Minsk, Manaeva N. A. ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education, Nizheharodava D. B. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

The redistribution of Y5T-lymphocytes subpopulations in the peripheral blood characterized by a predominance of tissue-resident cells as well as changes in their activation and cytotoxic potential were established in patients with IgA-nephropathy as compared to healthy donors what may be used as potential biomarkers in the early diagnosis of kidney autoimmune pathology.
THE COMPARISON OF MULTIPOTENT MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELLS IN DONORS OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Serdukov Yu. V. , Adamovich А. Yu. ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education, Shadrina V. K. ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education, Nizheharodava D. B. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

The morpho-functional characteristics (viability, sterility, immunophenotype, proliferative and differentiation potential, immunosuppressive properties) of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells obtained from donors of different age groups are presented in this work.
QUALITY CONTROL OF THE ELECTRONIC PORTAL IMAGE DETECTOR
Authors:   State institution «N. N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre», Shish А. А. , Chikova T. S. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

An important element of a modern high-tech radiotherapy complex based on a linear electron accelerator is an electronic detector of portal images. It ensures the accuracy of the patient’s positioning on the treatment table, the compliance of the delivered dose distribution with the planned one, and allows for fast and accurate verification of treatment plans with volumetric modulation of the radiation intensity. The main provisions of the quality control of the electronic portal image detector are considered. It is shown that it includes the following stages: installation and commissioning of equipment; radiation dose control; calibration; quality control of clinical images; software testing; development of a quality assurance program that ensures the effectiveness and reliability of the patient’s radiation conditions in the course of radiation therapy.
ANALYSIS OF ASSOCIATION OF VDR GENE VARIANTS WITH SERUM VITAMIN D LEVEL IN PATIENTS WITH BONE-MUSCULAR DISEASE
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Yarshevich A. V. , Marozik P. M. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

Currently, the pathology of the musculoskeletal system is considered in several multifactorial diseases, the pathogenesis of which is complex and is due to the interaction of environmental and endogenous factors. An important role in the progression of pathology is played by disorders in metabolism and a decrease in sensitivity to vitamin D. Studies of the past two decades have shown that the various biological actions of the active metabolite of vitamin D - 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D (calcitriol) - are carried out by modulating the expression of genes that are mediated by interaction with the intracellular vitamin D receptor (VDR). VDR is a product of the corresponding gene - VDR, which determines its structure and functional activity. In this gene, a certain number of polymorphic variants have been identified that can affect gene expression.
TROPHIC STATUS AS AN IMPORTANT INDICATOR OF THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF WATER ECOSYSTEMS
Authors:   Belarusian State University, Adamovich B. V.
Published: June 2022

Trophic status is one of the key characteristics of aquatic ecosystems, which most adequately reflects the level of eutrophication of natural waters. We have shown the possibility of using the Carlson trophic state index (TSI) for assessment of the trophicity of surface waters in Belarus on the example of the lakes of the Naroch region.
SOLAR FLARES AND THEIR PREDICTION METHODS
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Boyarkin O. M. , Kapskaya A. B. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

Predicting solar flares is an important task in solar physics. The occurrence of solar flares is highly dependent on the structure and topology of the Sun’s magnetic fields. Disturbances caused by solar flares affect the operation of ground-based communications, navigation, warning systems, disrupt the functioning of on-board electronic equipment on space objects and aircrafts. In connection with these factors, there is an issue of predicting this phenomenon. This work investigates the process of occurrence of solar flares, the development of methods for predicting them and the difficulties that arise in this case. Also it presents one of the most common methods of solar flares.
THE EFFECT OF POSITIONING ACCURACY OF CANCER PATIENTS ON THE PARAMETERS OF THE INDIVIDUAL THREE-DIMENSIONAL DOSE DISTRIBUTION DELIVERED TO THEM
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Bel’kov G. V. , Piatkevich M. N. ,   N. N. Alexandrov national cancer centre of Belarus
Published: June 2022

For the correct application of high-tech methods of radiation therapy, it is necessary to use strict requirements for the technical and dosimetric parameters of radiotherapy equipment, the accuracy of adjustment and calibration of its geometric, mechanical and radiation parameters. To determine the values of possible errors in patient positioning during radiation treatment, the authors considered the design and characteristics of typical RTS, developed a model of the patient’s «average» body, which allows changing the load on the TP RTS with a step of 1 kg. The parameters of the TP position were determined for the main types of localizations of radiation therapy for malignant neoplasms. Numerical values of deviations of the radiation beam isocenter from the treatment couch prescribed horizontal position were experimentally established for a load on it from 40 to 180 kg for treatment couch used for patients’ treatments in N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus.
FEATURES OF THE WATER SUPPLY AND DRAINAGE SYSTEMS OF THE GOMELOBOI COMPANY BY CBK-CONSULT
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Kisel K. S. , Len E. S. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

An analysis of the operation of the plant’s water and drainage systems has been carried out. The water supply is provided from the Gomelvodokal water supply network and from the surface water intake, Lake Shapor. The most water-intensive process is the preparation of paints. The plant’s drainage system operates local wastewater treatment plants for the production of rainwater wastewater and wastewater treatment plants for the production of wastewater. Also a feature of the plant’s water and drainage systems is that the object of water supply and drainage is the same water facility - Lake Shapor, the water from which before use in technological processes is treated.
METHOD OF PRELIMINARY QUALITY ANALYSIS AND SELECTION OF MEASUREMENT DATA BY ATMOSPHERIC AIR MONITORING SYSTEM FOR FURTHER TREATMENT
Authors:   Belarusian National Technical University, Paulenka P. N. , Melnik E. A. ,   Republican Center for Hydrometeorology Control of Radioactive Contamination and Environmental Monitoring, Liudchik A. M. ,   National Ozone Monitoring Research Centre of the Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

A methodology and a computer program have been developed for preliminary analysis and selection of qualitative observational data by the atmospheric air monitoring system in order to form a unified database and further more complex processing. The program converts the data to a single specified format, analyzes the completeness of observation data at individual observation periods and possible errors due to poor-quality measuring equipment, calculates the monthly average values of the measured parameters and their variances.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE INVENTORY ACT OF THE SOURCES OF EMISSIONS OF POLLUTING SUBSTANCES FOR THE ENTERPRISE FOR PRODUCTION OF CONSTRUCTION STEEL STRUCTURES
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Ratynskaya E. A. , Misiuchenka V. M. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

The inventory act of sources of emissions of pollutants into the atmospheric air for the enterprise for the production of building metal structures has been developed. The emissions from heating, metalworking, welding and painting works were analyzed. It is established that the production site of the enterprise belongs to the V category as an object of influence. The normalized and non-normalized sources of emissions are distinguished separately. The calculated gross emission of pollutants from regulated sources into the atmosphere is 5,493 tons / year, which, in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Belarus, requires obtaining an emission permit. Small amounts of emissions are distinguished by solid particles, xylenes, organic carbon.
CRITERIA FOR EVALUATION OF DOSIMETRIC VERIFICATION OF RADIOTHERAPY HIGH-TECH TREATMENT PLANS FOR CANCER PATIENTS
Authors:   N. N. Alexandrov national cancer centre of Belarus, Lesnoy, Brynkevich A. I. , Piatkevich M. N. ,   N. N. Alexandrov national cancer centre of Belarus, Lesnoy, Titovich E. V. ,   IAEA, Vienna, Austria
Published: June 2022

To test the effectiveness of the dose delivery system of the treatment plan in intensity modulated radiation therapy, quality assurance systems are used. The main tool for verifying the correspondence between the reference and the estimated dose distribution is Y—indexing. In the process of Y—analysis of individual dose distributions, both point dose values and geometrical offset between the reference and delivered distributions are evaluated. To check the compliance of dose distributions, the concepts of action limits and tolerances are used. The action limits are defined as the total percentage of the estimated value by which deviation of the indicators checked by the quality assurance system is allowed, with a minimal risk of harm to the patient. Tolerances are defined as the boundaries of the magnitude change within which the treatment process is considered to be performed according to the prescribed conditions.
MODELING OF POTENTIAL PROTEIN S1 SARS-COV-2 LIGANDS
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Bruyakin S. D. , Makarevich D. A. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

The S1 protein of SARS-CoV-2 (hereinafter referred to as the S1 protein) is probably the main factor in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. In our opinion, the elimination or decrease in the concentration of this protein will reduce the inflammatory process and, accordingly, damage to organs and tissues by the activated immune system. An analysis of the complexes of the Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the S1 protein (ACE2-S1) will determine the oligopeptides that are ligands for binding the S1 protein, the timely removal of which from the blood of patients with COVID-19 will prevent the development of severe multi-organ complications. Besides, the immobilized oligopeptide that binds the S1 protein will be able to remove from the body viral particles located in the extracellular space [1].
INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS TO REHABILITATE URANIUM HERITAGE SITES OF TAJIKISTAN
Authors:   Institute of water problems, hydropower engineering and ecology of National academy of sciences of Tajikistan, Haqdod M. M. , Kobuliev Z. V. ,   Institute of water problems, hydropower engineering and ecology of National academy of sciences of Tajikistan, Haqdodov A. S. ,   Institute of water problems, hydropower engineering and ecology of National academy of sciences of Tajikistan
Published: June 2022

The issue of safe management of uranium production waste is very relevant for Tajikistan, since the storage conditions do not meet modern requirements for radiation safety, and bringing these facilities to a state of safety requires significant financial costs and consolidation of efforts at the international level.
RESEARCH AND COMPARISON OF OPTIMIZATION OF COMPUTER PROGRAMS
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Lipnitski L. A. , Shalkevich P. K. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Treyvas M. A. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Cherevan E. P. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

Improving the performance of the created software product is one of the most important moments in the information industry. Optimal values of the speed of the program are achieved using various methods of code optimization. This paper presents the main ways to solve this problem.
THE PROBLEM OF EXPANSION OF BIRDS IN THE CITIES AND WAYS OF SOLUTION
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Bogachova M. A. , Khandogiy A. V. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

Despite the rapid urbanization of landscapes and the active development of cities, situations of conflict coexistence of people and birds in cities are increasingly emerging. We analyzed the problem of increasing the number of corvids in cities, based on our own research and data for previous years.
INFLUENCE OF SULFUR DIOXIDE ON SURFACE OZONE IN CITIES OF BELARUS
Authors:   National Ozone Monitoring Research Centre of the Belarusian State University, Liudchik A. M. , Melnik E. A. ,   Republican Center for Hydrometeorology Control of Radioactive Contamination  and Environmental Monitoring, Paulenka P. N. ,   Belarusian National Technical University
Published: June 2022

Information on the role of sulfur dioxide in the formation of the concentration of ground-level ozone observed in the cities of Belarus is presented. The problem was solved by constructing a regression equation approximating the dependence of the concentration of ground-level ozone on meteorological conditions and ozone precursors. The presence of sulfur dioxide in urban air leads to a decrease in the concentration of ground-level ozone due to the binding of nitrogen dioxide. It is the photolysis of the latter that is the source of atomic oxygen and the subsequent generation of ozone.
STUDY OF THERMAL POLLUTION IN MINSK IN SUMMER AND WINTER, ACCORDING TO LANDSAT-8 SATELLITE DATA
Authors:   National Ozone Monitoring and Research Educational Center BSU, Schlender T. V. , Zhukovskaya N. V. ,   Faculty of geography and geoinformatics BSU, Burchanka H. D. ,   Faculty of geography and geoinformatics BSU, Prakopchyk Y. A. ,   Faculty of geography and geoinformatics BSU, Chumakou E. A. ,   Faculty of geography and geoinformatics BSU
Published: June 2022

This paper shows the distribution of the temperature field in Minsk, as well as the influence of the urban heat island on the thermal pollution of the city according to the Landsat-8 satellite. Areas of high thermal pollution in urban areas have been identified, in particular in areas with industrial and green zones. The analysis of the temperature field of the city of Minsk in relation to urban development, number of storeys was also carried out. The conclusion is made about the qualitative and quantitative influence of the city heat island on various districts of Minsk.
QUANTUM-CHEMICAL CALCULATION OF FLUDARABINE-P WITH EMOXIPINE SALT (F-PE)
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Atroshko M. A. , Albasri S. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

The paper presents the data of semi-empirical and theoretical calculations of molecules in the medium of the solvent, their absorption spectrum and the optimized structure with the value of the total energy of the system.
ANALYSIS OF INCIDENCE IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS AND MINSK. CYTOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE DIAGNOSTICS OF PANCREAS CANCER
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Zhuk L. A. , Malinovskaya Y. V. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

The paper presents indicators of morbidity and survival of patients with pancreatic cancer, taking into account the age, as well as the prevalence of the process: local stages; the presence of regional or distant metastasis. The analysis of the incidence of pancreatic cancer in the Republic of Belarus for 2006-18 was carried out.
TREATMENT PLANNING PROTOCOLS FOR HEAD AND NECK TUMORS IRRADIATION
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Makarava N. I. , Piatkevich M. N. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

In order to provide high-quality radiation therapy at the National Cancer Center of Belarus, a group of medical physicists developed the first local protocol in Belarus for radiotherapy treatment planning of head and neck tumors patients. The protocol contains grounded practice-oriented recommendations based on the long-term clinical experience of qualified medical physicists in treating patients with head and neck tumors for irradiation using modern linear accelerators.
THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES STUDY OF THE SOLID PHASE FORMED BASED ON VARIOUS STRUCTURES SILVER NANOFILMS, OPTIMIZED FOR THE IMMUNOCHEMICAL TEST SYSTEMS
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Melnikova Y. I. , Scherbovich A. A. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Koktysh I. V. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Kulakovich O. S. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Ramanenka A. A. ,   B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, Minsk, Maskevich S. A. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

Solid-phase plasmonic nanofilms were created using various sedimentation methods of silver nanoparticles on polyelectrolytes PDADMAC and poly-L-lysine. The spectra of optical density are analyzed and the optical responses of the fluorescence signal of the complexes “silver nanofilm - polyelectrolyte - IgG-FITC” are estimated. It was found that the maximum optical response is recorded for silver nanofilms obtained using the technique of silver particle sedimentation during the day. The optical density maxima are located in the interval 412-414 nm. During the formation of the silver nanoparticle-polyelectrolyte-IgG-FITC complexes on the surface of the films obtained, a long-wavelength shift of their plasmon excitation optical density spectra by 14-18 nm is recorded for all three silver substrates.
THE COMPARISON OF INTRAEPITHELIAL LYMPHOCYTES IN SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINE OF CROHN’S DISEASE PATIENTS
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Mohammad A. , Starastsin A. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Nizheharodava D. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

The changes in intraepithelial lymphocytes phenotype of the small and large intestine were established in patients with Crohn’s disease what may be used as a hallmark of immune inflammation in the gut and make intraepithelial lymphocytes ideal candidate for targeting in further immunoregulation of mucosal adaptive immune response against autoantigens.
DYNAMICS OF DIFFUSE GOITER AND AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS INCIDENCE AND IODINE STATUS IN SCHOOLCHILDREN OF BELARUS FOR THE PERIOD OF 2007-2018
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Petrenko S. V. , Mokhort T. V. ,   BSMU Minsk, Leushev B. Jr. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Kolomietz N. D. ,   Belarusian Academy of Postgraduate Education, Mokhort E. G. ,   BSMU Minsk, Fedorenko E. V. ,   National Research and Practical Center of Hygiene, Laptenok S. A. ,   Belarusian National Technical University
Published: June 2022

Improvement of iodine status of schoolchildren aged 9-12 years in Belarus (iodine excretion median in 2018 was equal to 191,3 f-ig/l) for the last decade resulted in significant decrease of diffuse goiter incidence except Gomel region, where trend to increase was recorded. At the same time autoimmune thyroiditis incidence demonstrated significant growth in Brest and Grodno regions by 1,5 and 1,7 fold correspondingly. No significant changes were recorded in other regions. Significant negative correlation (Pirson correlation rate -0.550) was recorded between AIT incidence and iodine status of population by the regions and totally in the country.
The Innovative Response of the European Union to Managing the Digital Finance
Authors: Varga Zoltán
Published: June 2022

On 24 September 2020, the European Commission (EC) adopted its proposal for the Digital Finance Package. The 168-page document includes a digital finance strategy and a strategy for retail payments, as well as a bill on a European Union (EU) regulatory framework for cryptocurrencies and a EU framework for digital financial resilience. The Commission has proposed the first piece of legislation on crypto-assets (digital value or rights displays that can be stored and sold electronically). The Markets in Crypto-assets (MiCA) Regulation will boost innovation while preserving financial stability and protecting investors from risk. The regulation creates a clear legal situation and legal certainty for issuers and providers of cryptocurrencies. The new rules will allow economic operators licensed in a Member State to provide their services throughout the EU. The required collateral includes capital requirements, asset retention requirements, a mandatory investor complaint procedure and investors’ rights vis-à-vis the issuer. Issuers of cryptographic assets with significant asset coverage (so-called ‘stable cryptocurrencies’) would be subject to stricter requirements (for example in terms of capital, investor rights and supervision). In July 2021, the European Central Bank (ECB) decided to launch the digital euro project. This does not necessarily mean that the issuance of a digital euro, but a preparation for its possible release. Interoperability with private sector payment solutions is an important consideration in the development of the digital euro, facilitating pan-European solutions and additional services for consumers. The “triple” procedure of the adoption of MiCA can take 18–24 months, during which the legislators may introduce further amendments so that the final version of the legislation may differ to some extent from the draft proposed by the Commission and it will also take years to create a digital euro after the ECB made its final opinion about it.
The Social Innovation White Book’s Drafting Process and Results
Authors: Olajos István
Published: June 2022

This article summarises the work of Definition Working Group of the National Social Innovation Laboratory and the key findings of the resulting White Paper, as a prelude to the evaluation of the Social Innovation Strategy, the second part of the Social Innovation White Paper.
Social Innovation : Theory and Practice from the Perspective of “Creative City – Sustainable Region” (Kraft) National Programme
Authors: Szabó Mariann , Galambos Katalin , Z. Karvalics László , Jensen Jody Patricia , Miszlivetz Ferenc
Published: June 2022

In this study we summarize the importance, research aspects of social innovation both from the theoretical and practical points of view. We begin with the introduction of the KRAFT Programme (started in 2012), a pilot regional development policy and its relation to social innovation. It is followed by presenting the interrelatedness of social innovation and the UN Sustainable Development goals, highlighting the various challenges which should be addressed. In accordance with many years of experience in regional development, we put much emphasis on the governance of social innovations and the variety of actors which could be the initiators. In this regard, we describe how different organizations can be engaged in such practices resulting in social change (social meta-innovation). Finally, we highlight some best practices in the field of social innovation at the Institute of Advanced Studies Kőszeg (iASK).
Romania’s Public Finances: Where Are We Now?
Authors: Cîrmaciu Diana
Published: June 2022

The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic could be a good opportunity for the implementation of structural measures that would lead Romania to a new paradigm of economic growth, more resilient to external shocks. The budget constructions for 2021 and the following years are and will be marked by the year of 2020, which through its particular exposition, brings to the fore the need for a new economic approach and the preparation of conditions for a new way of formulating public policies, strengthening the concept of sustainability, of the balances between macro and microeconomics, strengthening governance, orienting future investment projects towards reducing/eliminating structural vulnerabilities (transport infrastructure, health infrastructure) in the context of the challenges of a profoundly changing society.