bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What Could Have Been or What Will Be: A Test of the Functional Theory of Counterfactual Thinking
Authors: Branch Jared , Anderson Richard B.
Published: January 2020

The functional theory of counterfactual thinking (Epstude & Roese, 2008) proposes that considering how past events might have been different prepares us for how the future might be. Previous research provides ambiguous support: Counterfactual thoughts contain less controllable features than future thoughts (e.g. Ferrante, Girroto, Straga, & Walsh, 2013) and therefore cannot serve a preparatory function. In this study, we used a novel experimental stimulus to compare a narrow and diffuse time period counterfactual with future thinking. In prior experimental designs, when participants were expected to think counterfactually, the time period they were being asked to consider was ambiguous. Thus, the specificity of the targeted time period was confounded with temporal direction (counterfactual thinking versus future thinking). We removed this confound to see if previous results would replicate. They did replicate: Counterfactual thoughts contained less controllable features relative to future thoughts. Therefore, we concluded that the targeted time period being confounded with temporal direction did not contribute to results reported in previous literature. We also tested the controllability (controllable vs uncontrollable) and locus of causation (internal vs external) confound identified by Roese, Smallman, and Epstude (2017). We found no difference in the locus of causation of counterfactual and future thinking when considering all thoughts produced, but less internally-oriented features when thinking counterfactually relative to the future when considering only the first thought produced (as per Kahneman & Tversky, 1982).
Effects of tDCS on tactile perception in musicians and non-musicians
Authors: Godde Ben , Dadashev Lev , Karim Ahmd A.
Published: January 2020

Brain plasticity in somatosensory cortex can be facilitated by brain stimulation. To elucidate the relationship between the magnitude of plasticity and tactile performance with tactile expertise, we investigated the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on tactile perception in musicians and non-musicians. At three separate days, 17 semi-professional musicians (e.g., piano or violin players) and 16 musical novices aged 18-27 years received 15 minutes of 1mA anodal (a-tDCS), cathodal (c-tDCS) or sham tDCS in a pseudorandomized design. Pre and post tDCS, tactile sensitivity (Touch Detection Task; TDT) and discrimination performance (Grating Orientation Task; GOT) were assessed. For further analysis, the weekly hours of instrument-playing and computer-typing were combined into a ‘tactile experience’ variable. For GOT, but not TDT, a significant group effect at baseline was revealed with musicians performing better than non-musicians. TDT thresholds, were significantly reduced after a-tDCS but not c-tDCS or sham stimulation. While both experts’ and novices’ performance improved after anodal stimulation, neither musical nor tactile expertise were directly associated with the magnitude of this improvement. Low performers in TDT with high tactile experience profited most from a-tDCS. We conclude that tactile expertise may facilitate somatosensory cortical plasticity and tactile learning in low performers.
Reducing Mental Health Disparities by Increasing the Personal Relevance of Interventions
Authors: Hall Gordon Nagayama , Berkman Elliot , Zane Nolan , Leong Frederick , Hwang Wei-Chin , Nezu Arthur M. , Nezu Christine Maguth , Hong Janie J. , Chu Joyce P. , Huang Ellen
Published: January 2020

One of the most persistent health disparities is the underutilization of mental health services by people of color. Neither evidence-based treatments (universal focus), nor culturally-adapted treatments (group focus), have reduced these disparities. We propose the Personal Relevance of Psychotherapy (PROP) model that integrates universal, group, and individual dimensions to determine the personal relevance of interventions. A cultural example of personal relevance among people of East Asian ancestry involves “face” (i.e., one’s prestige and position in society) which may moderate treatment outcomes. Pragmatic intervention approaches focused on helping individuals cope with specific external problems, as compared to managing a “personal” disease, can effectively “restore” face. Thus, social problem-solving interventions may be more personally relevant to many people of East Asian ancestry than approaches that are internally- focused. In addition, we posit that social neuroscience can offer unique opportunities above and beyond self-report measures when assessing the impact of PROP and the personal relevance of interventions for diverse populations. Our preliminary evidence upon testing this hypothesis indicated that among Asian Americans, exposure to problem-solving therapy content elicited significantly greater neural activity in brain areas associated with personal relevance as compared to exposure to cognitive-behavioral therapy content. Identifying personally-relevant interventions has the potential to reduce mental health disparities by increasing engagement with mental health services for diverse groups. The increased client engagement produced by personally-relevant interventions also has the potential to make mental health services more effective for diverse groups.
Forensic Feature-Comparison Expertise: Statistical Learning Facilitates Visual Comparison Performance
Authors: Growns Bethany , Martire Kristy
Published: January 2020

Forensic feature-comparison examiners in select disciplines are more accurate than novices when comparing visual evidence samples. This paper examines a key cognitive mechanism that may contribute to this superior visual comparison performance: the ability to learn how often stimuli occur in the environment (distributional statistical learning). We examined the relation-ship between distributional learning and visual comparison performance, and the impact of training about the diagnosticity of distributional information in visual comparison tasks. We compared performance between novices given no training (uninformed novices; n = 32), accu-rate training (informed novices; n = 32) or inaccurate training (misinformed novices; n = 32) in Experiment 1; and between forensic examiners (n = 26), informed novices (n = 29) and unin-formed novices (n = 27) in Experiment 2. Across both experiments, forensic examiners and nov-ices performed significantly above chance in a visual comparison task where distributional learning was required for high performance. However, informed novices outperformed all par-ticipants and only their visual comparison performance was significantly associated with their distributional learning. It is likely that forensic examiners’ expertise is domain-specific and doesn’t generalise to novel visual comparison tasks. Nevertheless, diagnosticity training could be critical to the relationship between distributional learning and visual comparison performance.
The Symbolic Power of the Research Excellence Framework. Evidence from a case study on the individual and collective adaptation of British Sociologists.
Authors: Wieczorek Oliver , Schubert Daniel
Published: January 2020

According to the Academic Capitalism-approach, research assessments have a negative impact on research autonomy and research diversity. They urge scholars to tailor their research in order to obtain funding and positive evaluations, which are indispensable for career advancement based on a limited set of quality-criteria. This is supposed to reduce the potential to understand phenomena and to diminish research diversity by nudging scholars to tailor their research towards short-termed, applied research. Our paper seeks to analyse the impact of research assessments on research autonomy, research diversity and the adaptation of scholars to quality criteria imposed by assessments. To do so, we focus on the impact of the British Research Excellence Framework (REF) on British sociology. In line with the Academic Capitalism-approach and Habitus-Fieldtheory, we suggest that the Research Excellence Framework exerts symbolic power and symbolic dominance on scholars. This affects both habitus and working conditions of scholars. To analyse the impact of the REF, a convergent parallel mixed methods-design is applied. On the individual level, we analysed interview data of six British sociologists. On the collective level, we analysed abstracts of 2546 REF submissions using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and the Jensen-Shannon divergence. Our qualitative findings show that sociologists adapt by “focusing on mainstream topics” and apply strategies of “publication management”. Furthermore, “research profile development” and “recruitment of REFable” scholars is forced by the university management. The LDA uncovers a collective focus on a limited number of research foci including youth sociology, medical sociology, gender studies, or political sociology. The Jensen-Shannon divergence indicates research specialisation within universities, but low research diversity between universities. Taken together, the symbolic power and symbolic dominance of the REF urge scholars to use gaming the system strategies mirrored by low research diversity and high research specialisation on the collective level.
PENGARUH PENUNDAAN WAKTU PERENDAMAN DAN PELUKAAN MEKANIS TERHADAP KUALITAS LADA PUTIH MUNTOK
Authors: Kamila Kamila , Kusmiadi Riwan , Aini Siti Nurul
Published: January 2020

The quality of Muntok white pepper can be improved through a good immersion process, with regard to several activities such as immersion time delaying and thresing. This research was conducted at experimental farm of Bangka Belitung University and quality testing in UPTD, Certification and Quality Control, Laboratorium, Departement of Industry and Commerce Bangka Belitung islands. This study used factorial completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor (A) was consisted of 4 levels of immersion time delaying: (A0) without delaying, (A1) 2 days, (A2) 4 days and (A3) 8 days. The second factor (B) was threshing, consist: (B1) without threshing, (B2) threshing. The results showed that immersion time delaying could incerase the blackish seeds levels, foreign matter levels, and mold contamination levels. Two days and four days immersion time delaying were the optimum limit to maintain a better quality of pepper in term of blackish seed levels, foreign matter levels, volatile oil levels, piperine levels, water content and light seed content. The interaction effect of threshing and immersion time delaying hads no effect on the blackish seeds levels, foreign matter levels, mold contamination levels and essential oils levels. Keywords: white pepper, immersion, delaying, threshing
ESTÁNDARES E INSTRUMENTOS DE EVALUACIÓN, EN LA PERTINENCIA Y CONFIABILIDAD DE LOS RANKINGS DE UNIVERSIDADES
Authors: Mejia Mejia Elias , Núñez Edgard Damián , CAMPANA CONCHA Abelardo , DÍAZ FLORES Francis , SANTOS JIMÉNEZ Ofelia
Published: January 2020

La presente investigación se ha realizado con la finalidad de establecer la influenciaque producen, en la pertinencia y la confiabilidad de los Rankings de universidades, losestándares y los instrumentos de evaluación que se aplican para elaborar dichos rankings.La diversidad de rankings, la diversidad de criterios con los que se elaboran y ladiversidad de agencias que los elaboran es el mayor indicador que, en este aspecto, noexiste uniformidad ni univocidad que propicie la objetividad de estos trabajos, por loque se ha partido del siguiente problema: ¿Cómo afectan los diversos estándares y losinstrumentos de evaluación que aplican las instituciones especializadas, la pertinenciay la confiabilidad de los rankings de universidades que proponen?. Luego de realizarel trabajo de campo, que ha consistido en revisar la literatura especializada, recopilarjuicios de expertos, analizar la documentación respectiva y sistematizar la informaciónrecopilada, se ha establecido la relación que existe entre los estándares e instrumentosque aplican las distintas instituciones con la pertinencia y confiabilidad de los rankingsde universidades que proponen.
Cold Spray Applications in the Defense Industry
Authors: Eden T.J. , Wolfe D.E. , Champagne V. , Widener C.
Published: January 2020

High-pressure cold spray repair process has been used on a number of different applications in the defense industry. This chapter describes various applications for cold spray systems that have operating pressures greater than 2.4 MPa (350 psi) and operating temperatures greater than 500 deg C (930 deg F).
ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE HYPOTHESIS IN SELECTED EU COUNTRIES: KYOTO EFFECT
Authors: Bozkurt ​Cuma , Okumuş İlyas
Published: January 2020

The purposes of this study is to investigate the relationship between per capita CO2 emissions, per capita energy consumption, per capita real GDP, the squares of per capita real GDP, trade openness and Kyoto dummies in selected 20 EU countries over the periods from 1991 to 2013 in order to analyze the connection between environmental pollution and Kyoto Protocol using Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) framework. According to EKC hypothesis, there is an inverted-U shape relation between environmental pollution and economic growth. Generally, the relationship between environmental pollution, per capita GDP and energy consumption has been analyzed for testing EKC hypothesis. In this study, it is used dummy variable to analyze the effects of Kyoto protocol on environmental degradation in the context of EKC hypothesis model. The dummy variable indicates Kyoto Protocol agreement year 2005. The results show that there is long run cointegration relationship between CO2, energy consumption, GDP growth, and the squares of GDP growth, trade openness and Kyoto dummy variable. Energy consumption and GDP growth increase the level of CO2 emissions. On the contrary, Kyoto dummy variable de­creases CO2 emissions in EU countries. In addition, the results reveal that the squares of per capita real GDP and trade openness rate are statistically insignificant. As a result of analysis, the inverted-U shape EKC hypothesis is invalid in these EU countries over the periods from 1991 to 2013.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Gambar Terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Siswa Lambat Belajar
Authors: Sugihartatik Sugihartatik
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media gambar terhadap kemampuan membaca siswa lambat belajar kelas III di SDN  Patrang I Jember . Penelitian ini dilakukan mulai tanggal 1 Oktober – 15 Oktober 2019. Dengan menggunakan teknik Quota Random Sampling dengan  mengambil sampel penelitian sebanyak 7  siswa lambat belajar dari 37 siswa dalam satu kelas. Data diperoleh dengan metode tes, observasi, dan dokumentasi selanjutnya data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan statistic moment. Hasil analisis  = 0,996, Sedangkan tabel  harga kritik untuk N=7. Taraf signifikansi 5 % - 0.754, Taraf signifikansi 1 % = 0.874. Karena hasil hitungan lebih besar dari kedua harga kritiknya maka Ho harus ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hasil dari penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa penggunaan media gambar memberikan  pengaruh yang signifikan dalam meningkatkatkan motivasi belajar membaca bagi siswa lambat belajar di kelas III SDN Patrang I Jember.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika Pokok Bahasan Kesebangunan Bangun Datar Melalui Media Papan Berpaku Pada Siswa Tunanetra Kelas IX di SLB-A TPA Jember
Authors: Nisa, S.Pd., M.Pd Arida Choirun
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika pokok bahasan kesebangunan bangun datar melalui media papan berpaku pada siswa kelas IX semester ganjil di SLB-A (tunanetra) TPA Jember. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subyek penelitian tindakan kelas ini pada mata pelajaran matematika, khususnya pada materi pokok tentang kesebangunan bangun datar, dengan jumlah 3 siswa. Tempat penelitian adalah di SLB-A (tunanetra) TPA jember. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, siklus I pada tanggal 01 – 09 juli 2015, siklus II pada tanggal 16 – 23 juli 2015 dan sesuai dengan jadwal pelajaran di sekolah. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa pembelajaran dengan media papan berpaku memiliki dampak positif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika tentang kesebangunan bangun datar pada siswa kelas IX SLB-A (tunanetra) TPA Jember. Hal ini dapat dilihat pada siklus I, dari 3 siswa yang tuntas sebanyak 2 siswa (67%) dan yang belum tuntas sebanyak 1 siswa (33%). Sedangkan pada siklus II, semua siswa telah tuntas (100%). Jadi, setelah diadakan siklus II hasil belajar siswa meningkat sebesar 33%.
Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Inkuiri Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Tentang Kegunaan Benda Plastik, Kayu, Kaca, dan Kertas Pada Siswa Tunanetra Kelas III Di SLB-A TPA Jember
Authors: Setyowati, S.Pd Lis
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: (1) meningkatkan partisipasi belajar IPA melalui metode pembelajaran inkuiri tentang kegunaan benda plastik, kayu, kaca, dan kertas pada siswa kelas III SLB-A TPA Jember; (2) meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA melalui metode pembelajaran inkuiri tentang kegunaan benda plastik, kayu, kaca, dan kertas pada siswa kelas III SLB-A TPA Jember. Subyek penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah pada mata pelajaran IPA, materi pokok tentang kegunaan benda plastik, kayu, kaca, dan kertas dengan menerapkan metode pembelajaran inkuiri, pada siswa kelas III SLB-A TPA Jember, dengan jumlah 2 siswa. Tempat penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah di SLB-A TPA Jember, Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu: (1) penerapan metode pembelajaran inkuiri dapat meningkatkan partisipasi belajar ipa pada siswa kelas iii di slb-a tpa jember semester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2015/2016 yang ditunjukan dengan peningkatan prosentase partisipasi siswa dari siklus I sebesar 75% meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 100%, artinya pada siklus ini partisipasi kategori aktif. Jadi, dari siklus I ke siklus II ada peningkatan partisipasi belajar sebesar 25%; (2) pembelajaran dengan menerapkan metode pembelajaran inkuiri dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas III di SLB-A TPA Jember. Hal ini dapat dilihat pada siklus I, dari 2 siswa yang tuntas sebanyak 1 siswa (50%) dan yang belum tuntas sebanyak 1 siswa (50%). Sedangkan pada siklus ii, semua siswa telah tuntas (100%). Jadi, setelah diadakan siklus ii hasil belajar siswa meningkat sebesar 50%.
Biomedical Image Denoising Based on Hybrid Optimization Algorithm and Sequential Filters
Authors: Yousefi Moteghaed N
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background: Nowadays, image de-noising plays a very important role in medical analysis applications and pre-processing step. Many filters were designed for image processing, assuming a specific noise distribution, so the images which are acquired by different medical imaging modalities must be out of the noise.
Objectives: This study has focused on the sequence filters which are selected by a hybrid genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization.
Material and Methods: In this analytical study, we have applied the composite of different types of noise such as salt and pepper noise, speckle noise and Gaussian noise to images to make them noisy. The Median, Max and Min filters, Gaussian filter, Average filter, Unsharp filter, Wiener filter, Log filter and Sigma filter, are the nine filters that were used in this study for the denoising of medical images as digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) format.
Results: The model has been implemented on medical noisy images and the performances have been determined by the statistical analyses such as peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), Root Mean Square error (RMSE) and Structural similarity (SSIM) index. The PSNR values were obtained between 59 to 63 and 63 to 65 for MRI and CT images. Also, the RMSE values were obtained between 36 to 47 and 12 to 20 for MRI and CT images.
Conclusion: The proposed denoising algorithm showed the significantly increment of visual quality of the images and the statistical assessment.
Glucosamine Conjugated Gadolinium (III) Oxide Nanoparticles as a Novel Targeted Contrast Agent for Cancer Diagnosis in MRI
Authors: Mortezazadeh T
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background: Glucose transporter (Glut), a cellular transmembrane receptor, has a key role in the metabolism of cell glucose and is also associated with various human carcinomas.
Objective: In this study, we evaluated a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging contrast agent for tumor detection based on paramagnetic gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) coated polycyclodextrin (PCD) and modified with glucose (Gd2O3@PCD-Glu) for the targeting of overexpressed glucose receptors.
Material and Methods: In this experimental study, 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner was used to assess the specific interactions between Glut1-overexpressing tumor cells (MDA-MB-231) and Gd2O3@PCD-Glu NPs. Furthermore, the capacity of transporting Gd2O3@PCD-Glu NPs to tumor cells was evaluated.
Results: It was found that the acquired MRI T1 signal intensity of MDA-MB-231 cells that were treated with the Gd2O3@PCD-Glu NPs increased significantly. Based on the results obtained, Gd2O3@PCD-Glu NPs can be applied in targeting Glut1-overexpressing tumor cells in vivo, as well as an MRI-targeted tumor agent to enhance tumor diagnosis.
Conclusion: Results have shown that glucose-shell of magnetic nanoparticles has a key role in diagnosing cancer cells of high metabolic activity.
Study of Nanofibrils Formation of Fibroin Protein in Specific Thermal and Acidity Conditions
Authors: Ahrami M
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background: Amyloid fibrils are insoluble arranged aggregates of proteins that are fibrillar in structure and related to many diseases (at least 20 types of illnesses) and also create many pathologic conditions. Therefore understanding the circumstance of fibril formation is very important.
Objectives: This study aims to work on fibrillar structure formation of fibroin (as a model protein).
Material and Methods: In this experimental study, fibroin was extracted from bombyx mori silk cocoon, and the concentration was obtained by Bradford method. The protein was incubated in a wide range of times (0 min to 7 days) in specific acidity and thermal conditions (pH=1.6, T=70 °C). The assays of UV-vis spectroscopy with congo red, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and circular dichroism spectroscopy were employed to monitor the fibrillation process.
Results: Fibroin assemblies were formed upon the process of aggregation and fibril formation with a variety of morphology ranging from nanoparticles to elongated fibrils.
Conclusion: The results showed progressive pathway of fibril formation.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Property of Doxorubicin-Loaded Gadolinium/13X Zeolite/Folic Acid Nanocomposite
Authors: Ghaderi S
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using nanostructures has been a proper method for tumor targeting purposes. Different MRI nanomaterials, targeting agents and anticancer drugs have been used for targeting of tumors.
Objectives: This study aims to consider the MRI property of doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded gadolinium/13X zeolite/folic acid (Gd3+/13X/FA) nanocomposite.
Material and Methods: In this in vitro study, Gd3+/13X/FA/DOX nanocomposite was prepared and the X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and MTT assay were conducted to evaluate the physicochemical properties of the nanocomposite. MRI was performed at 25°C using a 1.5 T clinical system to determine the T1 relaxation times and subsequently, the T1 relaxivity.
Results: The size of the nanocomposite was in the range of 80-200 nm. The nanocomposite without DOX loading (Gd3+/13X/FA) showed compatibility for A549 cells for all concentrations while DOX-loaded nanocomposite was toxic for 62% of the cells at the concentration of 0.4 mg/ml. The T1 relaxivity of Gd3+/13X/FA/DOX nanocomposite was 4.0401 mM-1s-1.
Conclusion: Gd3+/13X/FA/DOX nanocomposite shows a T1 relaxivity similar to the conventional gadolinium chelates, and a successful DOX loading.
Prevención de la generación de residuos en el marco de una economía ecológica y solidaria: un análisis del manejo de residuos en los municipios de México
Authors: Rosas Baños Mara , Gámez Anaya Alma Lilia
Published: January 2020

El problema del incremento constante en la cantidad de residuos sólidos se ha analizado principalmente desde la perspectiva de sus afectaciones al medio ambiente, su impacto en el cambio climático y en la salud humana; no obstante, una problemática aún más grave es el déficit ecológico generado a partir del crecimiento en el consumo. A nivel global, la estrategia que se ha impulsado para disminuir los residuos sólidos es el reciclaje, a través de la gestión integral de residuos sólidos (GIRS); enfoque posconsumo que de acuerdo con la economía circular constituye una de las estrategias más importantes para mitigar el déficit ecológico. Este artículo analiza la capacidad de dicho enfoque para alcanzar los objetivos que se plantea y propone que se prevenga la propia generación de residuos y se haga de ésta la principal estrategia en su manejo, posicionándola en el marco de una economía ecológica y solidaria. Se aborda el caso de México para analizar qué está sucediendo con la estrategia de GIRS en sus municipios e identificar la urgencia de contar con estrategias que prevengan la generación de residuos desde un enfoque preconsumo. Se concluye que a pesar de que existe un marco legal que impulsa la aplicación de programas de GIRS a nivel municipal, un porcentaje alto de éstos no cuenta con dichos programas. Asimismo, resulta imprescindible que se prevenga la generación de residuos.
Programa Nacional para Áreas Naturales Protegidas en México en el periodo 2014-2018: análisis de dos de sus objetivos
Authors: Errejón Gómez Julio César , Ortega Rubio Alfredo , Santos Zavala José
Published: January 2020

El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar el Programa Nacional para Áreas Naturales Protegidas en México del periodo 2014-2018, debido a que en éste se establecen los objetivos, acciones y metas que se pretendían alcanzar en materia de manejo y conservación de estos espacios. Para ello, se limitó el estudio al análisis de dos objetivos específicos del programa: “manejo integrado del paisaje” y “conservación y manejo de la biodiversidad”, así como los indicadores propuestos para este fin. Se encontró que el instrumento de política pública en su inicio eliminó, modificó y omitió diversos indicadores, los cuales son fundamentales para poder medir de manera imparcial estos dos objetivos. Con la exclusión de ellos, el programa eliminó información fundamental que podría ayudar a comprender el nivel de conservación de las Áreas Naturales Protegidas. Principalmente se dejaron fuera indicadores para calcular los cambios en la cubierta vegetal, representatividad de los ecosistemas, riesgos generados por las actividades humanas y pérdida de biodiversidad.
Uang Kuliah Tunggal (UKT) for Students in 2018
Authors: M. Yusuf Daeng  , Ruslihardy
Published: January 2020

The background of this research is problems relates to implementation of the Uang Kuliah Tunggal Policy in the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences (FISIP) University of Riau. UKT is a policy of Single Tuition for students. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the implementation of the Single Tuition Policy (UKT) at the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Riau in 2018. The research method used is descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Informants were determined by purposive method. The technique of collecting data uses observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the study indicate that effectiveness, adequacy, responsiveness and accuracy in implementing the policy have been fulfilled. Whereas for efficiency and equity is not yet fully fulfilled
The reform of the system of management of the cities of Galicia in 1889 in the context of regional policy of the Austria-Hungary
Authors: Dobrzhanskyi Serhiy
Published: January 2020

In the article it has been analyzed the specifics of the functioning of self-government bodies of the cities of Galicia in the second half of XIX century. It is proved that the law of 1889 facilitated the formation of elected bodies of self-government. It was indicated that the law of 1889 significantly expanded the rights of urban self-government. Compared to the previous laws (1862 s 1866), which concerned the big cities of Lviv and Krakow, the new law already includes 30 towns.  Particular attention has been focused on functional responsibilities of public council and magistrate. They had the regulatory with supervisory and administrative executive functions respectively. A constant value membership of public council was set at 36, regardless of the number of residents. The head of both organization was burgomaster.  His credentials included: organize the work of the council, sign documents, disciplinary control and representation of the city before the higher authorities.  In return, the regional authorities have supervised that the bodies of self-government have not exceeded powers and has not violated the law. The innovation in 1889 caused by political motives and the need to increase the efficiency of self-governing bodies, elimination of shortcomings in their work. Among them: the fight against the absenteeism and the indifference of elected people, the creation of a managerial hierarchy between the Council and the magistrate, the creation of special control commissions, the audit of municipal finances, and the improvement of clerical management. The changes made it possible to extend the impact of cities on Galicia's socio-economic life.
Keywords: Self-government, Magistrate, Burgomaster, Municipal Enterprises.
BEHAVIORAL AND GENETICALLY DETERMINED DIFFERENCES IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS COMPLICATED BY RETINOPATHY WITH DIFFERENT PPARG-DEPENDENT PHENOTYPE
Authors: Natrus L.V. , Rykov S.A. , Bykhovets M.Y.
Published: January 2020

Relevance. The problem of treatment and prevention of microvascular complications against the background of hyperglycemia is much broader than adherence to an appropriate diet. It is necessary to take into account both the behavioral characteristics of a person and the genetically determined mechanisms of metabolic regulation.
Objective to study the behavioral and genetically determined differences in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by retinopathy with different PPARG-dependent phenotype.
Materials and methods. The study included 101 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), who, according to the results of an ophthalmological examination, revealed various stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) according to the ETDRS scale. The control group (CG) included 40 people without diabetes, comparable to patients by gender, age, and body mass index. Gene polymorphism was determined using real-time PCR on an automatic amplifier Gene Amp® PCR System 7500, the fatty acid spectrum (FA) was determined using gas-liquid chromatography, and behavioral and nutritional habits were analyze according to the results of a questionnaire.
Results. In patients with type 2 diabetes, the most effective way to correct hyperglycemia at all stages of development of complications was the use of insulin in tablet forms. Carriers of the PPARG gene polymorphism had greater stability in achieving the target blood glucose level. The carriers of the wild genotype Pro12Pro did not differ from the CG in the rationality of nutrition and lifestyle. Carriers of the 12Ala allele were characterized by a neglect of food recommendations at the beginning of the disease, but with the progression of the degree of microvascular complications, the awareness of the need for proper nutrition doubled (P <0.05). Their lifestyle was initially less rational than that of carriers of the wild genotype Pro12Pro, but the course of T2DM and the development of complications in the form of DR by 2–3 times (P <0.05) reduced the desire for a healthy lifestyle.
Pengaruh kewajiban kepemilikan NPWP, pemeriksaan pajak dan penagihan pajak dalam upaya peningkatan penerimaan pajak pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Kotamobagu
Authors: Roulani Giroth Jessica , Kalangi Lintje , Pinatik Sherly
Published: January 2020

Taxes are a source of state revenue that is very important because it has a great influence on national development. To achieve the optimal tax revenue, countries need to implement various efforts through tax collection. This research aimed to determine the effect of ownership obligations taxpayer identification number, tax audit and tax collection in an effort to increase tax revenue. The Object of this research were tax officer at Kotamobagu Tax Office. The sampling method was used nonprobability sampling through purposive sampling technique with sample total are 30 person. The data analysis method was used multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the obligation of ownership Taxpayer Identification Number, tax audit and tax collection in partially did not effect in efforts to increase tax revenues, it can be seen from significant value of each variable is greater than 0,05.
The Contribution of Mental Health Nurse to Telepsychiatric Applications
Authors: Velentza Olga , Aouant Nasim
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study is to highlight new ways of delivering nursing care through technology aimed at the quality and effective care of health care users.
An Evaluation of Energy-loss Straggling Calculation of the LISE++ Code
Authors: Nguyen Duy Ngoc , Nhu Le Nguyen , Kim Uyen Nguyen
Published: January 2020

Energy loss straggling was found to be critical in evaluating the energy reaction using heavy-ion beams during the early stage of experiments at accelerator facilities. Despite a significant attempt in simulating this quantity using computer codes such as LISE++ and SRIM, there still exists a discrepancy between experimental data and computed results. In this study, we provide a greatly improved precision of estimations using the LISE++ code by evaluating the energy loss straggling of the alpha particles at 5.486 MeV in Tb, Ta, and Au materials. After comparing with the observables, it was found that the ratio of the energy loss straggling computed by the LISE++ code to that measured in experiments has a fairly large range of 1.5 - 3.0. For this reason, the so-called modified LISE++ calculation is constructed by adding the adjusting parameters into the original estimation to minimize the uncertainty of the straggling prediction. The modified calculation has shown dramatic improvements in computed energy loss straggling, which are almost similar to those obtained in the measurements, of 5.486-MeV alphas in the aforementioned materials with the atomic numbers in a range of Z = 65 – 79.
Evaluating α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of hairy roots cultured from some plants in malvaceae family induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC 15834
Authors: Thi Bach Phuong Vu , Thi Anh Hong Pham , Ngo Diem Phuong Quach
Published: January 2020

One of the most effective methods for type 2 diabetes treatments is inhibition of enzyme α-glucosidase in the intestines to slow down the release of glucose from carbohydrates in the diet, reduce plasma glucose levels and prevent hyperglycemia after meals. Therefore, seeking α-glucosidase inhibitors used in the treatment of diabetes from plant is the attention of many scientists. Based on the potential of the hairy root culture technology in increasing valuable chemical compounds accumulating, this study aimed to induce hairy roots from six plants of the Malvaceae family including Urena lobata, Abutilon indicum, Hibiscus Sabdariffa, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Sida acuta, Sida rhombifolia, and screening which materials has the highest in α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. We have successfully induced hairy roots from six plant species by using the Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC 15834 strain. The highest rates of hairy root induction were observed in Hibiscus Sabdariffa and Urena lobata. The stable introduction of rolB and rolC genes to plant genomes was confirmed by PCR. Under liquid-shake culture conditions on MS medium, hairy roots of Hibiscus sabdariffa, Urena lobata and Sida acuta showed better development than other species, and therefore, they are selected for the study of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. This study proved that Urena lobata was stronger in inhibiting α-glucosidase activity than other studied plants, with the IC50 value of 7.65 μg/ml. The results of this study demonstrated Urena lobata hairy root might be considered as a potential supply of medicinal plants for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Chemically modified sugarcane bagasse as a biosorbent for dye removal from aqueous solution
Authors: Thi Yeu Ly Ho , Thi Khanh Dieu Hoang , Minh Tan Sang Trinh , Nguyen Minh Nha Le
Published: January 2020

The use of adsorbent prepared from sugarcane bagasse, an agro waste from sugar industries has been studied as an alternative substitute for activated carbon for the removal of dyes from aqueous solution. Adsorbents prepared from sugarcane bagasse modified with citric acid was used as a low-cost biosorbent for removal of dyes from the aqueous solution. Adsorption parameters such as initial pH values, dyes concentrations, adsorbent dosages and contact times were investigated by the batch experiments. The Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models were used to evaluate the experimental data. The results showed that the adsorption process of dyes onto the modified sugarcane bagasse leaned towards Langmuir model for MSB and Freundlich for SB. Maximum adsorption capacity of MSB was found to be 8.40 mg/g at pH 9. The results showed that the modified sugarcane bagasse with citric acid could be a potential low-priced adsorbent for removal of the color from the aqueous solution.
Risks of inundation by tide in Ho Chi Minh City in the context of climate change and sea level rise
Authors: Ngoc Tuan Le , Thi Kim Tran , Ky Phung Nguyen
Published: January 2020

This work aimed to assess the risk of inundation by tide in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) in the context of climate change by 2100 under scenarios of RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. By modeling and GIS methods, results showed the southern area suffered the most, especially in CanGio, NhaBe and BinhChanh districts. By 2050, the inundated area in these localities would be approximately 3518ha, 677ha, 1576ha under RCP4.5 and 3561ha, 709ha, 1618ha under RCP8.5. The corresponding figures at the end of this century would be 12246ha, 2085ha, 3724ha under RCP4.5, and 14713ha, 2320ha, 4355ha under RCP8.5. This work also simulated the case of considering some flood control projects, thereby, tidal flooding in HCMC would be reduced, especially in BinhChanh, NhaBe, and District 7. In 2025 and 2100 (RCP8.5), as compared with those in the former case (without works), flooded area in NhaBe would decrease 16ha and 3.21ha, respectively. The corresponding figures for Binh Chanh would be 8.71ha and 1.62ha; and for District 7 would be 6.22ha and 2.35ha. The research results provide an important basis for planning suitable adaptation solutions, contributing to sustainable development goals of the local.
Métrica objetiva y empírica de evaluación de la enseñanza en una Universidad Pública del Sureste de EE. UU.
Authors: Korovyakovskaya Inessa  , Llaugel Felipe , Ridley Dennis 
Published: January 2020

The marginal contribution of faculty to student learning at an AACSB-accredited College of Business Administration in a public university located in a southeastern state in the United States (U.S.) is measured for the first time by an objective quantitative method. Student cumulative Grade Point Average (GPA), centralized to avoid grade inflation relates to the partial amount of credit hours each teacher devotes to students. We proffer that the marginal contribution of the professor to student GPA earned per contact hour of instruction is the regression coefficient associated with the professor. Since the university uses GPA as a measure of progress, contribution to GPA is the professorial teaching contribution to the university objective. Such a teaching contribution is consistent with the professor’s assignment of responsibility. The computational results of a five-year empirical data analysis are presented.
Formación colaborativa en interculturalidad del profesorado de Educación Infantil y Primaria
Authors: Roig-Vila Rosabel , Urrea-Solano María Encarnación
Published: January 2020

La interculturalización de las prácticas educativas representa, hoy en día, uno de los principales retos a los que se enfrenta la escuela del siglo XXI. Para ello, la mejora de las competencias interculturales del profesorado parece constituir un requisito prioritario, sobre todo cuando esta se lleva a cabo desde un auténtico enfoque colaborativo y participativo. En base a ello, este estudio se planteó con el propósito de conocer las opiniones y experiencias de formación intercultural colaborativa del profesorado novel. Para el logro de este objetivo, se contó con la participación de 10 docentes noveles que desempeñan su labor en un centro de Atención Educativa Preferente de Educación Infantil y Primaria de la Región de Murcia (España). El estudio se llevó a cabo desde un enfoque metodológico mixto, valiéndose para ello del software SPSS 21 y AQUAD 7. Cabe destacar de los resultados obtenidos que, si bien el profesorado novel reconoce la potencialidad de la cultura colaborativa para el desarrollo profesional docente, el principio de colaboración no acaba de ser plenamente valorado como una estrategia para el aprendizaje, sino más bien como un recurso para el funcionamiento institucional. La falta de oportunidades formales de capacitación colaborativa intercultural, tanto a nivel de centro, como en su formación inicial, es suplida por los docentes noveles mediante la colaboración con el resto de miembros del claustro. Los hallazgos del estudio contribuyen, en última instancia, a la propuesta de un modelo de aprendizaje profesional docente para poner en valor la diversidad presente en las aulas.
Aceptación de la violencia de género en docentes de escuelas públicas
Authors: Mencía-Ripley Aída
Published: January 2020

Por esta razón, este estudio exploró cómo la aceptación de tres dimensiones de la VG impacta las creencias de docentes de primaria con relación a las habilidades de niñas y niños en distintas asignaturas escolares. Las asignaturas escolares fueron Lectura y Escritura, Matemáticas, Ciencias y Deportes. En República Dominicana la respuesta ante la VG suele ser asistencial y reactiva a un suceso. Existe poca evidencia local sobre cogniciones y barreras actitudinales hacia la prevención de la violencia que permitan identificar cambios y acciones preventivas en la escuela. A través de un estudio con un diseño prospectivo, transversal y correlacional se evaluó el impacto de la aceptación de mitos de la VG en el ámbito escolar. Encontramos que los docentes por lo general aceptan mitos sobre las distintas formas de violencia de género, generalmente culpabilizando a las mujeres por su victimización. De igual manera aceptan estereotipos sobre habilidades académicas en función del género femenino o masculino, especialmente para las matemáticas, para la cual el modelo utilizado explicó un 12% de la varianza. Este estudio señala que el entorno educativo no solo replica desigualdades sociales, sino que, además, estos sesgos impactan las valoraciones que reciben los estudiantes por parte de sus docentes.
ANALISIS BIAYA PEMASARAN MENURUT DAERAH PEMASARAN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENGHASILKAN LABA PADA PERUSAHAAN KECAP â€œMLIWISâ€
Authors: Suprajitno Dwi
Published: January 2020

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan : untuk mengetahui informasi biaya pemasaran terhadap kemampuan menghasilkan laba pada perusahaan kecap â€œMliwisâ€ Kebumen dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh biaya pemasaran menurut daerah pemasaran terhadap kemampuan menghasilkan laba pada perusahaan kecap â€œMliwisâ€ Kebumen.

Metodologi penelitian untuk memperoleh data menggunakan antara lain menggunakan observasi, dokumentasi, interview, dan studi kepustakaan.

Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini : dari hasil analisis biaya pemasaran menurut daerah pemasaran pada bulan Januari, Februari, Maret tahun 2009, dapat diketahui bahwa kemampuan tiap-tiap daerah pemasaran dalam menghasilkan laba berbeda-beda. Pada bulan Januari daerah pemasaran Kutoarjo mendapatkan laba Rp 2.926.371,- daerah pemasaran Purworejo mendapatkan laba Rp 6.878.125,-. Pada bulan Februari daerah pemasaran Kutoarjo mendapatkan laba Rp 6.963.505,-, daerah pemasaran Purworejo mendapatkan laba Rp 10.644.461,-. Pada bulan Maret daerah pemasaran Kutoarjo mendapatkan laba Rp 9.859.655,-, daerah pemasaran Purworejo mendapatkan laba Rp 17.092.765,- dan berdasarkan hasil analisis biaya pemasaran menurut daerah pemasaran semestinya dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu faktor untuk menentukan daerah pemasaran karena setiap akhir periode akan terlihat kontribusi laba yang bisa dihasilkan oleh masing-masing daerah pemasaran.

Kata kunci : analisa biaya pemasaran
Effect of Bio-Fertilizer and Foliar Spray of Selenium of Growth, Yield and Quality of Potato Plants
Authors: A. M. Aly Ramadan , Abdel-Halim Khaled Y.
Published: January 2020

Two field experiments were conducted during two seasons of 2017 and 2018 to evaluate the effect of both bio-fertilizer (inoculated or uninoculated) and selenium (Se) spray at 0.5, and 10 ppm on vegetative growth, pigments, yield and quality of potato plants. The results indicated that, vegetative growth characters (number of leaves, plant height, plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, leaf area and leaf pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a and b were significantly increased with Bio-fertilizers (Halex-2, and High rate of Se (10 ppm), in both seasons. Plant yield of tuber, number of tubers/plant, average tuber weight and tuber yield/Fed and (tuber content of starch and protein), generally, seemed to be increased with the Bio-fertilizer (Halex-2) and high rate of Se, in both growing seasons. The interaction between Bio-fertilizer (Halex-2) and Se reflected positive effects on the all studied quantitative and qualitative characters of potato plants.
Analysis of the Impact of Exchange Rate, Inflation, Export and Import on Gross Domestic Product in Bangladesh
Authors: Halder Papi
Published: January 2020

This study is about the impact of selected macroeconomic variables on economic growth of Bangladesh. Economic growth of Bangladesh is measured in terms of annual nominal GDP growth rate. Least squared regression model has been employed considering exchange rate, export, import and inflation rate as independent variables and gross domestic product as the dependent variable in this study. The results reveal that export and import have significant positive impact on GDP growth rate. The other variables (exchange rate and inflation) are not significant, indicating that there exists no significant relationship among the variables. The findings will help the policy makers to make policies concerning the country’s economic growth to remain robust in the near future.
„Polonicum” – definicja pojęcia, zakres doboru materiału, zastosowanie w bibliografii
Authors: Mieczkowska Halina
Published: January 2020

W artykule zreferowano problemy związane z tworzeniem polskiej retrospektywnej bibliografii narodowej. Przedstawiono krótki zarys historyczny tego zagadnienia (skupiając się na podstawowym wykazie literatury polskiej, czyli Bibliografii K. Estreichera), podano definicję polonicum funkcjonującą w dzisiejszej praktyce bibliotecznej oraz zasady doboru materiału do bibliografii narodowej. Przy omawianiu poszczególnych kryteriów (terytorialnego, narodowego, tematycznego i językowego) ukazywano na wybranych przykładach piśmiennictwa/wydawnictw z okresu XVI–XVIII w. trudności z realizacją przyjętych zasad typowania dzieł do zespołu polonica.