bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
3 - Leadership Development Schemes for Middle-level Academics in Merged Universities: The Case of Kyambogo University
Authors: Kasule George Wilson
Published: July 2023

Does the current generation of middle-level academics in most African universities, for example deans and heads of departments, adequately possess the leadership competence required to handle prevailing and future university obligations and challenges? In response to this question, this article, through a systematic literature review, explores the status quo of leadership competence of middle-level academics; factors that hinder leadership competence development; and measures needed to enhance leadership competence in African universities established out of mergers such as Kyambogo University in Uganda. Here, it is established that the status quo of leadership competence of middle-level academics, e.g., heads of departments, need improvement; and factors that hinder leadership competence development of middle-level academics can be perceived in two dimensions, i.e. “Institutional Factors” (e.g., poor working conditions, ineffective bureaucracy, etc.) and “Personal Factors” (e.g., lack of commitment, corruption etc.). Measures needed to enhance the leadership competence of academics include upgrading university facilities, adequately involving academics in university decision-making processes, and depoliticising university management and leadership, among other things. The article concludes that middle-level academics, such as Deans and heads of departments in African universities like Kyambogo, must do all it takes to improve their leadership competence, with other factors remaining constant if they want to meaningfully address the numerous grave challenges facing university education on the African continent.
6 - Roles, Stress and Coping Mechanisms among Middle-level Academic Leaders in Multi-campus Universities in Africa
Authors: Atibuni Dennis Zami
Published: July 2023

Using a critical review of literature and existing data, this article explicates the roles of middle-level academics and the stress factors that hinder their efficient and effective delivery of academic and managerial roles in multi- campus universities in Africa. The article presents both plausible and actual coping mechanisms for middle-level academic leaders. It is noted that most middle- level academic leaders ascend to positions of responsibility without any formal training for these positions, which strengthens the call for the university to offer continuous training programmes for these leaders. The article argues that an effective identification and resolution of stress in the multi-campus system is key to winning and maintaining the morale and loyalty of staff at the university. This therefore calls for the adoption of appropriate theoretical paradigms of leadership in multi-campus universities for effective middle- level academic leadership. Recommendations are provided in the form of roles of the university in how to best enhance the productivity of this cadre of university leaders in achieving the functions of teaching, research, and community service.
JHEA, Volume 20, n°2, 2022 - Full Issue
Authors: Journal System
Published: July 2023

Full Issue
1 - Towards Academic Freedom for Africa in the 21st Century*
Authors: Mama Amina
Published: July 2023

This paper begins by reviewing the ways in which the higher education landscape in Africa has changed significantly during the last decade as a result of the ongoing regional crisis and the changing perspectives on African higher education articu- lated within the international development arena and argues that, if the higher edu- cation crisis of the 1980s and 1990s was the result of financial conditionalities imposed through structural adjustment, then the ensuing decade has seen a global policy shift that has profoundly changed the conditions under which academic work is carried out. Particular attention is paid to the manner in which the changing, economically-driven constraints on academic freedom, institutional autonomy and conditions of service in higher educational institutions are mediated by other social conditions such as gender inequalities, the HIV/AIDS crisis, the effects of long- term brain drain and the manner in which local capacity is diverted into survivalism. I argue that higher education reforms threaten to undermine the material base for academic life by emphasising privatisation and cost recovery in contexts where poverty is a major feature of life. Exaggerated concerns with “efficiency” and “ex- cellence” lead to increased regulation and surveillance of scholarly output, render- ing academic freedom vulnerable to formulaic measures of performance that may be insensitive to the work of African academics. The paper concludes by recom- mending a programme of activities designed to re-affirm the public stake in higher education, strengthen and diversify independent scholarly work and encourage Af- rican governments to adopt policies that will strengthen the tertiary sector and en- sure an enabling environment for intellectual development and freedom.
2 - Globalisation and Internationalisation of Higher Education in South Africa: The Challenge of Rising Xenophobia*
Authors: Sichone Owen
Published: July 2023

The internationalisation of university education globally has coincided with the opening up of post-apartheid South Africa to the world market, and the number of foreign students (along with other visitors to South Africa) has shot up very rapidly since 1994. As a member of the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC), South Africa has an agreement (the Education Protocol) with its partners to cooper- ate in the area of education and training. In the absence of a similar spirit of coop- eration allowing for the free movement of citizens of the SADC region, however, the wishes expressed in the Education Protocol cannot be fully realised, and many African students studying in South Africa still have to navigate long and difficult bureaucratic channels to obtain student visas and study permits. In addition, they face an increasingly hostile and xenophobic public on and off campus. Their expe- rience will not provide them with fond memories of their student days in South Africa. This paper advocates greater freedom of movement for migrant students as a means of social upliftment and greater pan-African cooperation.
5 - Vying for Legitimacy: Academic vs. Corporate Culture
Authors: Weinberg Grazia Sumeli
Published: July 2023

Following the general trend already existing in the Western world, state universities in South Africa, in seeking other sources of income and in meeting policy demands for transformation, have embraced the corporate model as the most efficient system of organising education today, thus opening the door to activities and processes such as commercialisation, applied and contract research, and the development of stronger links with external stakeholders. This paper questions the legitimacy of the commodification of intellectual enquiry. Do financial or ideological considerations justify the adoption of a corporate system in education? Can cost efficiency, which is global in nature and which is accelerating social change, legitimise corporate practices in the university in South Africa without affecting a) its character as a public institution, and b) the role of each individual member? The author argues that claims for legitimacy of the present form of rationalisation of the university serve to institutionalise corporate power in educational institutions, making it ap- pear valid and acceptable. Complex though the term may be, however, the generic meaning of ‘legitimacy’ refers to ‘rights’: the right to claim, the right to question whether correct procedures have been followed, and, ultimately, the right to assess whether a policy or a system serves the good of all concerned. In this sense, in determining the notion of the ‘right thing to do’, any discourse on legitimacy, by taking into account a wide diversity of viewpoints, will deal primarily with values and the recognition of human aspirations.
JHEA, Volume 5, n° 2 & 3, 2007 - Full Issue
Authors: Journal System
Published: July 2023

Journal of Higher Education in Africa, Volume 5, n° 2 & 3, 2007
0 - Introduction
Authors: Mabizela Mahlubi
Published: July 2023

The growth of private provision of higher education in recent years is a phenom- enon experienced the world over, but especially in Africa, Central and Eastern Europe, Asia and Latin America. Some of these regions had very little or no pri- vate higher education before the 1990s. As elsewhere in the world, the private provision of higher education in Africa is largely not new but has had antecedents. Hence, it is appropriate for some countries to refer to the latest wave as a resur- gence rather than as a surge of the sector. Indeed, the private higher education surge happens in the context where the public sector is dominant and state poli- cies do not cater for the private sector. This partly leads to private institutions having to deal with issues of legitimacy. Despite this, their prominence has rekin- dled debates on what is higher education, higher education as a public/private good, and quality, among other issues. This introductory article deals with these issues as a way of providing a background to all the other themes dealt with individually by other papers in this volume. It outlines the purposes and objectives of this special issue and gives a detailed summary of each article contained herein.
6 - Credentials and Mobility: An Analysis of the Profile of Students Studying at Registered Private Higher Education Institutions in South Africa
Authors: Kruss Glenda
Published: July 2023

Analysing the private higher education sector in relation to the public sector is not helpful, nor is aggregating student data to explain trends in private provision across a national system. This claim is illustrated by analysing the student target group identified by institutions, the profile of students enrolled and the perceptions of students of their motivation for studying at private institutions in South Africa. In South Africa, there are two distinct private sub-sectors, which target and attract a specific student base. Providers that claim to meet a demand for ‘mobility’ cater primarily for an historically privileged and newly privileged constituency, while those that claim to meet a demand for specialised ‘credentials’ cater primarily for non-traditional students. A superficial reading of race and gender, of historical ad- vantage and disadvantage, can obfuscate more than it illuminates, because age, socio-economic status, education background and citizenship interact in complex ways. Understanding the patterns of enrolment in distinct forms of provision pro- vides a useful way of understanding what private providers promise to offer, and why students are attracted to them.
La recherche à la Faculté des lettres et sciences humaines de l’Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar : bilan de 50 ans d’activités
Authors: Moustapha Tamba
Published: July 2023

Cet article présente le bilan de cinquante ans (1957-2007) de recherche à la Faculté des Lettres et sciences humaines. L’enquête s’est focalisée sur les documents du Rectorat, de la Faculté et des Départements. Les informations ont été collectées à partir de la Revue de la Faculté des lettres et sciences humaines, des mémoires de maîtrise des départements et du répertoire des thèses soutenues. L’article met en évidence une montée en cadence de la production scientifique au cours de cette dernière décennie et la place importante qu’occupent les mémoires de maîtrise dans cette croissance.
Myth and Ceremony: Contested Marketization and Internationalization Regimes in Kenya’s Higher Education
Authors: Milton O. Obamba
Published: July 2023

The internationalization of higher education, which means integrating an international dimension into the functions and delivery of higher education, is increasingly a matter of immense policy significance for many governments and universities worldwide as higher education becomes a key instrument for international development cooperation and international trade. The past two decades have witnessed tremendous transformations in policy and structure across the sub-Saharan Africa higher education landscape. The defining features of the transformation include: the diversification of sources of funding, privatization and liberalization of the university sector, and severe reductions on government funding of universities across the region. In the Kenyan context, the discourses of global competitiveness, internationalization and pursuit of world-class quality assurance standards have featured prominently in a wide variety of the major recent policy documents. This paper set out to examine the phenomenon of marketization in higher education and explore the complex political economy of educational commodities. It reviews a range of policy discourses and instruments to reconstruct and analyze the growing rhetoric of ‘global’ competitiveness and the phenomenon of internationalization; examining its dynamic and troubled intersections with marketization and expansion within Kenya’s higher education landscape. The paper argues that government policy and university activities strongly emphasize market-oriented logics of expansion and commercialization; but within the context of a highly fragmented and incomplete market landscape. Marketization therefore suitably satisfies the universities’ natural instincts for economic survival at a time of severe financial distress and stiffer competition; while internationalization is utilized as myth and ceremony embellished with policy but not action.
1 - Colour-line: The Petrifaction of Racialization and Alterity at the University of Stellenbosch
Authors: Fazil Moradi
Published: July 2023

This paper investigates ‘black’ (minority) student experiences and living conditions at an Afrikaans-speaking historically white university, the University of Stellenbosch (SU). It is an empirical attempt to unearth the present conditionality of minority students that make up 14 per cent of the enrolled students at SU. Thus it involves social (under-)development and is a move away from the individual as unit of analysis per se and includes assessment of the social processes that condition a racialized dividing-line between different groups and at once prolong group affiliation/belonging. The main focus is on the following themes essential to the dispute on educational transformation in South Africa: racialized skin colour and stereotypes, access to language and education, and segregated spaces and economic reality. I apply qualitative research interview and utilize the post- colonial approach to argue that minority students constantly encounter the reinstatement of a racialized system of difference that excludes and positions them as marginalized subjects. It is argued that these experiences are due to the corporeal schema and cultural characteristics that delineate membership at SU, which make minority students more resistant and at once more ambivalent about the pursuit of education as a self-realization process, and more importantly an investment for future life, which constitute the main force for almost all of the minority students.
The Challenges of Feminism: Gender, Ethics and Responsible Academic Freedom in African Universities
Authors: Amina Mama
Published: July 2023

Feminist theory and ethics have enormous potentials to transform and ener- gize the discourse on academic freedom and social responsibility. As a theory of knowledge and an intellectual practice, feminism deconstructs the episte- mological foundations of patriarchy and contributes to the emancipation of women as subjects and studies on and about women as critical intellectual engagements. Despite this potential, the discourse on academic freedom and intellectual responsibility in African universities has rarely yielded ground for feminist ethics, and feminist intellectuals within the universities have had to struggle for space. This article discusses these struggles to insert feminism as part of the intellectual discourse on academic freedom within Africa’s scholarly community between 1990 – the year of the Aca- demic Freedom Conference in Kampala – and 2010. The institutional and intellectual challenges that have been encountered by feminist-inspired aca- demics are highlighted. Finally, the author discusses the imperatives to move the discourse on gender in African scholarly communities beyond the nor- mative policy rhetoric to tackling the gendered configuration of academic institutions.
Regulatory Bodies, Academic Freedom and Institutional Autonomy in Africa: Issues and Challenges – The Nigerian Example
Authors: Elijah Adewale Taiwo
Published: July 2023

Academic freedom is often described as a four-fold right of a university to determine for itself on academic grounds, who may teach, what may be taught, how it shall be taught, and who may be admitted to study. It also entails the freedom of a university to select its own staff and to determine its own standards, as well as the freedom of both staff and students to free expression in their teaching, studying, publishing and research. Institutional autonomy, on the other hand, is the freedom an educational institution en- joys in managing its internal affairs without undue interference from outside bodies or persons, especially from the government or its agencies. An effec- tive enjoyment of academic freedom, however, requires institutional autonomy. In recent times, Nigerian universities have witnessed many issues challeng- ing their academic freedom and institutional autonomy such as summary dismissal of university teachers for being critical of government educational policies and other related issues. Against this background, this article ar- gues that the establishment of regulatory bodies such as the Nigerian Uni- versities Commission, the Joint Admission and Matriculation Board and the like has eroded the previous autonomy and freedom enjoyed by the univer- sities in the four cardinal ways mentioned above. The article advocates a system which adequately guarantees academic freedom. It also commends to Nigeria and other African countries the South African position which guarantees the right to academic freedom and scientific research in its Con- stitution.
Where are the marathon Girls?: An Analysis of Female Representation in the Brazilian ICPC Programming Marathons
Authors: Irion Crishna , Theodoro Luiz Claudio , Silva Flávio de Oliveira , Pereira João Henrique de Souza
Published: July 2023

Education motivated the encouragement of female participation in several areas of science and technology. Programming marathons have grown over the years and are events where programmers compete to solve coding challenges. However, despite scientific evidence that there is no intellectual difference between genders, women’s participation is relatively low. This work seeks to understand the reason for this adherence, considering the gender issue in Programming Marathons over the last years, in a real context. This work aims to understand the context of female representativeness in which the intellectual aspects do not differ in gender. Still, there is a considerable discrepancy in female belonging.
Mapeamento do Perfil das Mulheres Brasileiras em Processamento de Linguagem Natural
Authors: Caseli Helena , Amorim Evelin , Schneider Elisa Terumi Rubel , Freitas Leidiana Iza Andrade , Rodrigues Jéssica , Nunes Maria das Graças V.
Published: July 2023

Conhecer o perfil das mulheres brasileiras que atuam em Processamento de Linguagem Natural (PLN) é um importante passo para o desenvolvimento de políticas e programas que visem aumentar a inclusão e a diversidade nessa área. Este é o primeiro trabalho realizado no Brasil com este fim. A partir de dados coletados via consulta pública, Lattes e Linkedin, notou-se que o perfil é de uma formação em computação ou linguística, atuando em empresas ou universidades, mas com pouca diversidade étnica e aparente dificuldade em conciliar vida profissional e maternidade. Analisando mais especificamente o grupo “Brasileiras em PLN” constatou-se uma expressiva capacidade de publicação e orientação, mas ainda uma baixa colaboração entre nossas integrantes.
Propuesta de un Juego Serio para Reducir los Estereotipos en Carreras STEM
Authors: Ortega-Arrieta Alessandra M. , Dávila Guillermo A.
Published: July 2023

La poca participación de mujeres en carreras STEM tiene como uno de sus motivos principales a los estereotipos genio-nerd, los cuales aluden a que los estudiantes y profesionales de estos rubros únicamente pueden ser personas con inteligencia nata y sin habilidades sociales. El objetivo principal de la presente investigación es proponer un juego serio que ayude a reducir estos estereotipos en las carreras STEM. Se concluyó que el framework MDA es el más adecuado para la propuesta. Unity es el motor de desarrollo indicado dada su escalabilidad y carácter gratuito. A parte de los estereotipos, la usabilidad y engagement serán analizados mediante un diseño cuasi experimental. Se espera que la futura implementación de la presente propuesta contribuya a mejorar la participación de mujeres en carreras STEM, al reducir los estereotipos nerd y genio asociados a esta área.
Análise da presença feminina no corpo docente e sua relação com o corpo discente feminino nos cursos de TIC
Authors: Van Vossen Laís Pisetta , Santos Maria Teresa Silva , Vasconcellos Daniella Martins , Borchardt Guilherme Tomaselli , Bunn Carlos Daniel Schmitt , Silveira Eric Carvalho da , Gasparini Isabela , Frigo Luciana Bolan
Published: July 2023

Segundo a Organização para a Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico, as mulheres são maioria dos docentes em todos os níveis de ensino em diversos países, no entanto, em cursos de Tecnologia da informação e Comunicação (TIC), essa realidade é diferente. Este estudo analisou dados do ensino superior brasileiro de 2015 a 2019 em universidades que oferecem apenas cursos de TIC. O objetivo foi avaliar o impacto de ter um corpo docente com mais mulheres na presença e evasão feminina nesses cursos. Os resultados indicam que há uma correlação positiva entre a maior porcentagem de professoras e uma maior quantidade de estudantes mulheres e a diminuição de sua evasão nos cursos.
A influência do gênero nos cursos de computação na UFES
Authors: Oliveira Rebeca C. de , Catabriga Lucia , Zandonade Eliana , Valli Andrea Maria P. , Boeres Maria Claudia S. , Aguiar Camila Z.
Published: July 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar, analisar e discutir a distribuição dos gêneros nos cursos de Ciência da Computação e Engenharia de Computação da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), com o intuito de investigar a baixa presença feminina atual. Estudos no mundo verificaram que houve uma grande inversão nos gêneros na computação, antes ocupada por mulheres criadoras de várias tecnologias e linguagens de programação. Essa realidade se repete na UFES, sendo mensurada nesse trabalho através dos dados, cedidos pela universidade, dos estudantes ingressantes nos cursos de 1990 a 2022. Na análise quantitativa foram considerados, para cada estudante, o ano de ingresso, a idade, o sexo, o curso e a forma de evasão. Além das análises descritivas, testes estatísticos de qui-quadrado de Pearson foram executados com o intuito de mensurar a influência do gênero na conclusão dos cursos.
A História da Ada Silva: Livro para Representatividade na Computação
Authors: Araújo-de-Oliveira Patrícia , Nunes Lorena , Santos Maiara Priscila Lima dos , Farias Kamila , Oliveira Adrilana
Published: July 2023

A representatividade na Computação é um fator importante para o incentivo ao interesse pela área. Ainda se faz necessário um foco na desconstrução na representatividade desde a infância para que possamos ter mais diversidade na área. Este trabalho apresenta a construção de um livro que conta a história de uma protagonista feminina e negra, da Região Norte do Brasil, comumente colocada como coadjuvante ou ausente nos materiais atualmente encontrados.
Um panorama das publicações da SBC sobre a temática Mulheres na Computação
Authors: Nolasco Maria Julia D. M. , Aguiar Camila Z. , Valli Andrea Maria P. , Boeres Maria Claudia S. , Catabriga Lucia
Published: July 2023

Embora a participação das mulheres na computação tenha diminuído consideravelmente nas últimas décadas, essa temática tem sido cada vez mais discutida no Brasil e no mundo. Buscando compreender como essa temática tem sido abordada na computação, este artigo apresenta um mapeamento sistemático da literatura sobre as publicações da SBC nos últimos anos. O mapeamento coletou 128 publicações, que foram extraídas, classificadas e analisadas de acordo com as questões de pesquisa, evidenciando que poucos eventos publicam sobre o assunto, a maioria das publicações se refere à análise de dados, a maioria dos contextos envolve motivação e empoderamento das mulheres na área e que há pesquisa sendo aplicada em praticamente todo o Brasil.
Por mais Mulheres na Ciência e na Tecnologia: ação formativa com abordagem STEAM na Educação Básica
Authors: Lima Waleska Gonçalves de , Maciano Giseli Duardo , Santos Alessandra Ferreira dos , Pereira Leihge Roselle Rondon , Magalhães Helena Cristina Dias , Sassi Sabrina Bourscheid , Maciel Cristiano , Nunes Eunice Pereira dos Santos
Published: July 2023

Este artigo descreve o desenvolvimento de ação formativa realizada com estudantes do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental ao 3º ano do Ensino Médio, em quatro escolas da rede estadual de Mato Grosso. Esta ação é fruto de um projeto que tem como foco a abordagem STEAM na Educação Básica. Os resultados indicam avaliações positivas quanto às atividades desenvolvidas e metodologia utilizada, com dinâmicas, práticas e acolhimento. Entretanto, como melhoria indica-se a ampliação de debate com estudantes, formação continuada para professores, melhores infraestruturas das escolas e suporte da política educacional, de modo a possibilitar práticas STEAM mais ampliadas e integradas à proposta pedagógica das escolas.
O protagonismo de meninas e mulheres no desenvolvimento de tecnologias assistivas com robótica
Authors: Santos Kamylla Milena Voltoni dos , Marques Fernanda Andrade Pereira , Kempner Thais Reggina , Nunes Eunice Pereira dos Santos , Borges Luciana Correia Lima de Faria
Published: July 2023

Com o propósito de incentivar mais mulheres a entrarem em ramos de engenharia e computação, este trabalho apresenta a experiência de alunas de graduação da UFMT e de professoras orientadoras em um projeto de iniciação científica que possui uma grande quantidade de pesquisadoras mulheres em seu desenvolvimento e que tem como objetivo construir a segunda versão do robô Otto, um brinquedo terapêutico que serve como intermediador em terapias com crianças autistas, trazendo cada passo percorrido para o desenvolvimento acadêmico e profissional das alunas e professoras, além de cada obstáculo enfrentado, mostrando que apesar das adversidades é possível sim ser uma mulher que atua em áreas relacionadas a tecnologia.
Não se nasce mulher na computação, torna-se. Tornam-se juntas! Analisando sete anos de WIT.
Authors: Carvalho Luiz Paulo , Lima Filho Silas , Brandão Michele A. , Oliveira Jonice , Santoro Flávia Maria , Silva Mônica Ferreira da
Published: July 2023

O CSBC integra a computação brasileira e trata dos rumos da área no país. Em um de seus eventos-base, WIT, questões de gênero e computação se encontram. A análise dos últimos 7 anos de WIT expõe algo raro nos eventos do CSBC: uma quantidade absoluta e proporcional de autoria de mulheres em conformidade com a agenda dialética do evento. WIT apresenta coesão, reincidência e colaboração entre sua comunidade, com predominância de instituições fora da região Sudeste, e publicações onde percebemos a ênfase em educação e na solução de problemas enfrentados pelas brasileiras.
O Cientista ou A Cientista? Reflexões sobre o Impacto dos Estereótipos de Gênero sobre as Escolhas Profissionais de Alunas do Ensino Médio
Authors: Andrade Thaís , Martins Nelly , Campos Laura , Almeida Luana , Barros Alessandra , Dias Aleksandra , Mattos Giorgia O. , Moreira Josilene A.
Published: July 2023

Os estereótipos de gênero limitam as escolhas profissionais das mulheres, que crescem acreditando que algumas profissões são mais adequadas para homens, e não existe espaço para as mulheres. Uma destas áreas é a Tecnologia. Este trabalho investiga a percepção de alunas do ensino médio sobre a identidade de um cientista, e reflete sobre as implicações em suas escolhas de carreiras. Foi usada uma metodologia ativa onde 72 alunas de três escolas do interior do estado representaram uma “pessoa cientista” através de desenhos à mão, nome e sexo. Nestas representações 79,2% identificaram “cientista” como uma pessoa do sexo masculino, o que corrobora o viés de gênero das estudantes em relação às carreiras na ciência.
Mentoria acadêmica como aliada à integração de alunas de Computação no ambiente acadêmico
Authors: Teles Marina Azevedo Ximenes , Saraiva Larissa Santos , Freires Maria Isabele de O. , Rocha Marina da S. , Marques Anna Beatriz
Published: July 2023

Com a crescente evasão no número de mulheres nos primeiros semestres da graduação dos cursos de Computação são necessárias ações que busquem mudar esse cenário. Assim, a realização de ações que visam a permanência de mulheres na Computação é de suma importância. Uma ação de mentoria acadêmica é proposta para engajar, apoiar e acolher alunas dos semestres iniciais de cursos de Engenharia de Software e Ciência da Computação de uma universidade. Esta pesquisa visa coletar e analisar o relato de treze alunas ingressantes que participaram da mentoria acadêmica, permitindo assim analisar a contribuição da mentoria na permanência das alunas, assim como coletar feedbacks dessa contribuição. Partindo disso, ações futuras foram sugeridas, assim como a permanência de ações já realizadas.
Rodas de Conversa como Instrumento para a Participação de Mulheres nas STEM: Relato de Experiência
Authors: Arcanjo Aysa Mara Roveri , Silva Elisandra Aparecida Alves da , Lima Nadia Maria Cecilia de
Published: July 2023

Este artigo apresenta o relato de experiência de rodas de conversa, realizadas com o objetivo de colaborar para permanência de estudantes mulheres de cursos da área de STEM, por meio da promoção de espaços de reflexão e discussão sobre diversidade, estereótipos e papéis de gênero, desigualdades étnico-raciais e a participação de mulheres em espaços majoritariamente masculinos. As 11 atividades, que foram integrantes de um projeto de extensão, foram realizadas durante o ano letivo de 2021 e 2022, uma vez por mês, em formato remoto e presencial. Foi possível contribuir para o compartilhamento de ideias sobre assuntos fundamentais no contexto escolar, ligados à exclusão devido ao gênero.
Kosmos und Gesellschaft
Authors: Fischer Peter
Published: July 2023

Immer schon diente der Himmel den Menschen als Projektionsfläche. Am Firmament glaubte man – unter anderem – ablesen zu können, wie das gemeinschaftliche Leben auf der Erde organisiert bzw. zu gestalten sei. Umgekehrt beeinflussten soziale Konventionen den Blick zu den Sternen. Vorstellungen über die Ordnung von Kosmos und Gesellschaft standen in einer Wechselwirkung. Diesem Verhältnis zweierlei Ordnungsmodelle geht Peter Fischer, fokussiert auf die Frühe Neuzeit, in seiner historisch-wissenssoziologischen Studie nach. Er zeigt, wie die mit dem Namen Kopernikus verbundene wissenschaftliche Revolution dieser Zeit die »neue Astronomie« etablierte, deren Theorien bald zur Deutung sozialer Phänomene herangezogen wurden. Natur und Soziales wurden dabei gleichermaßen innerhalb der Naturphilosophie diskutiert, wie das sich durchsetzende mechanische Weltbild belegt. Erst im 19. Jahrhundert kommt es zwischen Natur- und Sozialphilosophie zu einem Bruch, der das Wissen über Natur und Gesellschaft nachhaltig prägt und über den heute, unter dem Eindruck ökologischer Krisen, in der Soziologie kritisch nachgedacht wird. In diese Debatten interveniert der Autor durch Rückschau auf die Anfänge des Fachs.
Dyspraxia
Authors: Wallat Hendrik
Published: July 2023

Hendrik Wallat zeigt anhand mehrerer Untersuchungen, dass der philosophische Kern der klassischen Kritischen Theorien in vielerlei Hinsicht aktuell, keineswegs aber einheitlich und widerspruchsfrei gestaltet ist. Das Buch schließt mit einer Studie zur systematischen Grundlegung des kritischen Materialismus. Dieser nimmt das Erbe der klassischen Kritischen Theorie auf, führt aber über ihre Aporien und Leerstellen hinaus. Materialistische Kritik wird auf diesem Wege ihrer erweiterten Selbstreflexion den Sog ihrer theoretischen Negativität genauso angemessener systematisch begründen können, wie sie die realgeschichtliche Negativität – die Dyspraxia – besser zu erfassen vermag.
Philosophie und Künste Ostasiens im Werk von Günther Uecker
Authors: Xiao Xiao
Published: July 2023

Die vorliegende kunstwissenschaftliche Forschungsarbeit untersucht das Wahrnehmungsbewusstsein des Nachkriegskünstlers Günther Uecker in seinem Schaffensprozess unter der besonderen Berücksichtigung der Einflüsse ostasiatischer Kulturen und des Konzepts der Leere. Das im Vorfeld liegende Wahrnehmungsbewusstsein ist in der Ästhetischen Rezeption für die Werkanalyse von Bedeutung, weil es der gesamten künstlerisch-ideellen Entwicklung und Schöpfung zugrunde liegt. Die Arbeit untersucht, in welcher zeitlichen, örtlichen, kulturellen und psychologischen Relation dieses Rezeptionsbewusstsein aktiv im Künstler hervorgerufen wird, und betrachtet diese Prozesse und die Erfahrungen Ueckers anhand von Analysen von mehreren seiner Werke. Die Untersuchung erfolgt methodisch interdisziplinär und modelliert interkulturell perspektivwechselnd - insbesondere durch die Analyse der Einflüsse von ostasiatischen Kulturen, Weltanschauungen und Künstlern - neue Begriffe, die der Werkforschung Günther Ueckers Verständnistiefe verleihen und zudem neue Forschungsfelder mit Ansätzen der Interkulturalität und Interdisziplinarität im Bereich Kunstwissenschaft artikulieren.
Lifetime and Point Prevalence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the South of Iran
Authors: Izadi Reyhane , Derakhshan Barjoei Mohammad Moein , Pourrezaei Samira , Mousavi Masoumeh Sadat
Published: July 2023

Background: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is a public health problem in many countries in Asia. Fars province in the south of Iran is an area with endemic CL. Objectives: This study aimed to estimate CL’s lifetime and point prevalence in the Fars province’s general population. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 11779 participants living in Marvdasht, the second largest county of Fars province, Iran, in 2019 to estimate CL’s lifetime and point prevalence. In total, 59 urban and 55 rural clusters (with 30 households per cluster) were randomly selected. Door-to-door interviews were conducted by trained nurses to collect the required data. Results: The point prevalence was estimated at 3.56 (95% confidence interval: 2.6-4.8) per 1000 population. The lifetime prevalence of CL was 8.48 (95% confidence interval:7.99-9.00) per 100 population. There was no difference between urban and rural areas and gender regarding fresh or old scars, and CL scares (P ≤ 0.05 for all). Conclusions: Based on the results, Marvdasht in Fars province was the hyperendemic area for CL. Since the lifetime prevalence of CL in Marvdasht is almost 8%, 89% of the people of this city are at risk of contracting Leishmania. As a result, more public health interventions are needed to control the CL epidemic in Marvdasht.
Improvements in the registration of multimodal medical imaging : application to intensity inhomogeneity and partial volume corrections
Authors:   , Jiménez González Xavier
Published: July 2023

Alignment or registration of medical images has a relevant role on clinical diagnostic and treatment decisions as well as in research settings. With the advent of new technologies for multimodal imaging, robust registration of functional and anatomical information is still a challenge, particular in small-animal imaging given the lesser structural content of certain anatomical parts, such as the brain, than in humans. Besides, patient-dependent and acquisition artefacts affecting the images information content further complicate registration, as is the case of intensity inhomogeneities (IIH) showing in MRI and the partial volume effect (PVE) attached to PET imaging. Reference methods exist for accurate image registration but their performance is severely deteriorated in situations involving little images Overlap. While several approaches to IIH and PVE correction exist these methods still do not guarantee or rely on robust registration. This Thesis focuses on overcoming current limitations af registration to enable novel IIH and PVE correction methods.

El registre d'imatges mèdiques té un paper rellevant en les decisions de diagnòstic i tractament clíniques així com en la recerca. Amb el desenvolupament de noves tecnologies d'imatge multimodal, el registre robust d'informació funcional i anatòmica és encara avui un repte, en particular, en imatge de petit animal amb un menor contingut estructural que en humans de certes parts anatòmiques com el cervell. A més, els artefactes induïts pel propi pacient i per la tècnica d'adquisició que afecten el contingut d'informació de les imatges complica encara més el procés de registre. És el cas de les inhomogeneïtats d'intensitat (IIH) que apareixen a les RM i de l'efecte de volum parcial (PVE) característic en PET. Tot i que existeixen mètodes de referència pel registre acurat d'imatges la seva eficàcia es veu greument minvada en casos de poc solapament entre les imatges. De la mateixa manera, també existeixen mètodes per la correcció d'IIH i de PVE però que no garanteixen o que requereixen un registre robust. Aquesta tesi es centra en superar aquestes limitacions sobre el registre per habilitar nous mètodes per la correcció d'IIH i de PVE.
Estudi de pautes de comportament en la supervisió de processos
Authors:   , Ponsa Asensio Pere
Published: July 2023

L'objectiu bàsic és la recerca de patrons de conducta que permetin la construcció d'una traça de comportament. En aquest treball, la supervisió s'interpreta com una cadena particular de patrons de conducta portada a terme per la persona. Conceptualitzar la supervisió en forma de patrons (estats estables) enlloc d'accions sobre els dispositius físics de control (transicions), permet un tractament de la planificació enlloc de les manipulacions.

Interessa remarcar aquelles cadenes de patrons que signifiquen un bon seguiment de la consigna en l'activitat proposada. L'extracció de patrons i pautes de comportament - cadenes rellevants de patrons de conducta -, enriqueix el coneixement que es te de la supervisió i permet afrontar el repte de l'estudi de la conducta humana i l'assessorament artificial en la presa de decisió. Una primera aproximació consisteix en encabir els patrons en una llibreria de controladors, generant-se una traça automàtica. Una segona aproximació consisteix en l'apropament de tècniques de raonament qualitatiu per afrontar la comparació del raonament entre persona i agent artificial en situacions d'alarma.

El comportament de les persones a estudi i el model presentat permet, finalment, la creació d'indicadors per l'estudi del rendiment en supervisió de processos. Aquest enfocament destaca enfront a altres mètodes tradicionals que promouen l'estudi de rendiment en funció única de l'execució portada a terme per la persona.

In dynamic process supervision it is important to exhibit the different human operator behaviour patterns when performed a specified task. This work presents a method based on a micro-world environment to, first, outline the concepts underlying the different human operator strategies, and second, encapsulate them in a library of artificial agents. These artificial agents are then used as indicators to which human operator behaviours can be compared to assess the reasoning strategy.

In this work, process supervision is examined from the point of view of human operator behaviour, which develops along a perception-reasoning-action cycle. The operator behaviours could be studied, in each particular case, (specific control room, production plant) following a field study. However, the use of micro-world presents flexibility and reproducibility, while preserving good relevancy from the industrial realism point of view.

This work presents a method based on the micro-world MOREC, Micro-món per Recerca en Enginyeria del Coneixement, catalan version, which translate as Micro-world for Knowledge Engineering Research, which it is inspired from (Pastor et al. 1998)
Biological response to structured and functionalized substrates for nerve tissue regeneration
Authors:   , Mattotti Marta
Published: July 2023

After a lesion in the CNS, glial cells play a fundamental role, being the mediators of both the inhibitory and the beneficial response for neural regeneration. The tissue engineering approach consists in the use of biomaterials to help the regeneration and guide the regenerative capable cells to create a permissive environment. The main working hypothesis of this thesis is that we can promote a favourable environment for CNS regeneration identifying material properties which can modulate neuronal cells behaviour.
In a first place we analyzed glial and neuronal response to two very different biopolymers, PMMA and chitosan. Wettability, surface and mechanical properties were characterized for both materials. Then line pattern of different dimensions in the micrometrical range were introduced. The response of glial cell and neurons were analyzed in terms of cell adhesion, morphology and differentiation state.
Finally, we studied the behaviour of glial cells on glass model surfaces functionalized by self assembling monolayers with different wettability (OH, COOH, NH2, CH3), in order to identify the specific role that wettability plays in determining cell response.
The dates suggest that the adhesion, the morphology and the differentiation state of neuron and glial cells can be controlled by choosing the proper combination of material properties and physical patterns. Overall, line patterns resulted to be a suitable tool to use in biomaterial design for nerve regeneration. However, the performance of each material must be analyzed with attention, since the combination
of material properties, which most of the time is not predictable, play important roles in the biological activity.
Development of in-vitro µ-channel devices for continous long-term monitoring of neuron circuit development
Authors:   , Riss Michael Martin
Published: July 2023

In this thesis various methods are presented towards long-term electrophysiological monitoring of in-vitro neuron cultures in µ-channel devices.

A new µ-channel device has been developed. The StarPoM device offers multiple culture chambers connected with µ-channels allowing to study communication between neuron populations. For its fabrication an advanced multi level SU-8 soft-lithography master was developed that can mold µ-channels and culture wells simultaneously. The problem of aligning features across a thick SU-8 layer has been solved by integrating a chrome mask into the substrate and then using backside exposure through the chrome mask.

A long-term monitoring of neuron electrophysiological activity has been conducted continuously during 14 days in the StarPoM device. For the analysis of the recorded dataset a new software tool-chain has been created with the goal of high processing performance. The two most advanced components - O1Plot and ISI viewer - offer high performance visualization of time series data with event or interval annotation and visualization of inter-spike interval histograms for fast discovery of correlations between spike units on a device.

The analysis of the 14 day recording revealed that signals can be recorded from day 4/5 onwards. While maximum spike amplitudes in kept rising during the 14 days and reached up to 3.16 mV, the average spike amplitudes reached their maximum of 0.1-0.3 mV within 6 to 8 days and then kept the amplitudes stable.

To better understand the biophysics of signal generation in µ-channels, the influence of µ-channel length on signal amplitude was studied. A model based on the passive cable theory was developed showing that spike amplitude rises with channel length for µ-channels < 250 µm. In longer µ-channels, further growth of spike amplitude is inhibited by cancellation of positive and negative spike phase. Also, clogging of the µ-channel entrances by cells and debris helps to enhance signal amplification.
Analisis Kebutuhan Alat Angkut Dump Truck HD 985 Pada Kegiatan Long-Haul Pengangkutan SSP
Authors: Widodo Sri , Kisman Kisman , Nurwaskito Arif
Published: July 2023

Mining activities must always be supported by mechanical equipment that can work optimally to create satisfactory results with minimal cost and effort. Periodic control must also always be carried out because it relates to the company's production target. This research aims to determine the production of the HD985 dump truck conveyance and obtain the amount of lift needed for screening station product (SSP) transportation activities. This research was conducted using data collection methods in the field, discussions with several employees, and existing literature. Then processing is carried out by calculating data from the area using a specific formula and then analyzing the results of the calculations that have been obtained. Based on estimates, it was found that the production of the HD985 dump truck conveyance reached 69.46 tons/hour. And for the number of rides needed with a target tonnage of 1,000 tons, namely 2 units, for a target of 2,000 tons, 4 units are required; for a target of 3,000 tons, 6 units are needed, for a target of 4,000 tons, 8 units are required, for a target of 5,000 tons, 10 teams are needed.
KEYNES AND HAYEK: COMMONALITIES AND DIFFERENCES IN BUSINESS CYCLE THEORIES
Authors:   Department of International Business and Economics, University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, PĂTRUȚI ALEXANDRU
Published: July 2023

Nearly a century after the renown Keynes‑Hayek debate, the two economists are still perceived as diametrically opposed. This is certainly not true in the realm of business cycle theory where for a period of time they both employed the Wicksell inspired savings‑investment approach. The publication of Keynes’s General Theory obscured these similarities and the IS‑LM model disconnected all possible ties between the two cycle theories. However, I argue that Keynes din not succeed in the General Theory to offer a consistent interest rate theory and that his 1937 articles which were meant for further clarification were received even worse than the book itself. If Keynes’s more nihilistic variant of the liquidity preference theory would be replaced which Leijohnhufvud’s Z theory (i.e., the Treatise plus output modifications), Keynes and the Austrians would still have considerable theoretical points in common in the realm of business fluctuations. The two cycle theories would complement, rather than contradict each other.
"B/ORDERIZATION OF THE BOUNDARY: ENTANGLED PERSPECTIVES ON THE SPLIT VILLAGES OF THE TSKHINVALI REGION/SOUTH OSSETIA "
Authors: LOLADZE NIKA
Published: July 2023

Since the Russo – Georgian war in August 2008, a once fictional administrative boundary of the currently occupied Tskhinvali Region/South Ossetia, is being transformed into a heavily militarized “state border”. While much of the perimeter stays uncertain and unmarked, locals are frequently detained by the Russian/South Ossetian militants, which creates constant psychological pressure and an insecure living environment. In some cases, „border” demarcations serve to create security through their supposed clarity. At the same time, they produce uncertainties for different actors and in different places. This paper shows how locals experience the complex process of b/orderisation of the boundary around the occupied territory; how this creates ambiguities, precludes clarity, and thus generates further un/certainties that must be dealt with – analytically as much as practically.