bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Усовершенствование термодинамического цикла холодильной установки рефрижераторного контейнера для перевозки и хранения вакцины NVX-CoV2373
Authors: Vasserman A.A. , Slyn`ko A.G.
Published: September 2021

Предлагается оборудовать рефрижераторные контейнеры для перевозки и хранения вакцины NVX-CoV2373 модифицированными холодильными установками. Модификации подвержен термодинамический цикл холодильной установки. Суть модификации состоит в замене адиабатных процессов сжатия рабочих тел во всех циклах двухкаскадной холодильной установки политропными процессами. Расчёты показали, что при таком усовершенствовании термодинамического цикла холодильной установки суточная экономия электроэнергии составит на один контейнер около 100 кВт·час, а годовая – более 35 МВт·час, что соответствует больше 26 кг/сут. или около 10 т/год дизельного топлива при использовании для получения электроэнергии дизель генератора с удельным расходом топлива 0,270 кг/кВт·час
Перспектива использования литиево-ионных аккумуляторных батарей
Authors: Kosharska L.V. , Nikiforov Yu.O. , Volodin S.Yu.
Published: September 2021

В статье проанализировано влияние выбросов токсичных отходов и необходимость применения альтернативных энергетических источников. Описаны недостатки существующих источников, а также указаны преимущества применения аккумуляторных батарей. Литиево-ионные батареи, по сравнению с традиционными энергетическими установками, являются экологичными. В настоящее время это очень актуально.
Hygiene in supporting scientific and technological development of the country and sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population (to the 130th anniversary of the Federal Scientific Centre of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman)
Authors: Popova Anna Yu. , Onishchenko Gennadii G. , Rakitskii Valerii N. , Kuzmin Sergei V. , Kuchma Vladislav R.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Historical analysis is extremely important in assessing the development and achievements of scientific schools and scientific centres. This is especially true concerning research centres operated continuously from the end of the 19th century to almost the first quarter of the 21st century, which include the Federal Scientific Center for Hygiene (FSCH), named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing. The purpose of the study is to analyze the results, achievements and prospects for further development of the FSCH as the head multidisciplinary scientific institution of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor). Materials and methods. Expert-analytical, historical research has been carried out. Analysis materials include the main results of the centre’s activities in the historical aspect, scientific achievements of the last quarter of a century, plans, directions for ensuring the scientific and technological development of the country in the field of hygiene and health protection, ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing of the country’s population. Results. The main stages of the formation and development of the FSCH are associated with scientific and technological revolutions, technical progress, the development of all sectors of the national economy. The results of scientific research have made it possible to establish the nature and extent of the impact of environmental factors, industrial and educational environment on the health of various groups of the population. At the turn of the century, the FSCH got involved in nanomaterials and nanotechnologies hazard assessment. Fundamental studies of the FSCH made it possible to reveal the modern mechanisms of the formation of biocenoses of the environment of new innovative complexes with an assessment of the health risk, to establish the effect of the components of the formulations on the mutagenicity of pesticides. An assessment of the risk to the population due to the complex intake of pesticides into the body is also given. FSCH effectively participates in the implementation of national projects “Demography”, “Ecology”, “Clean Air”. Conclusion. FSCH contributed to the provision of scientific and technological development of the country and the sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing of various population groups. The development of the FSCH is associated with participation in the implementation of fundamental and exploratory research approved by order of the Government of the Russian Federation, sectoral research programs of Rospotrebnadzor, national projects “Demography”, “Ecology”, “Clean Air”, events of the Decade of Childhood (2018-2027).
Development of fundamental and applied research in the field of food hygiene
Authors: Rusakov Vladimir N. , Istomin Aleksandr V. , Rumyantseva Larisa A. , Vetrova Olga V. , Mikhailov Ivan G. , Vedilina Marina T.
Published: September 2021

The review summarizes the directions of the results of scientific activities of the Department of Food Hygiene of the Federal Scientific Center for Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing. Since the day of its foundation, the employees have been working on the examination of food products, the development of methods for the study of food and ready-made meals, the prevention of food poisoning of bacterial and non-bacterial aetiology, as well as the hygienic assessment and control of the produced utensils and containers. Based on the department, capital studies were carried out to study and rationalize the nutrition of certain groups of the population: industrial workers (engaged in the development of coal mines, working at metallurgical and mining enterprises, etc.), children and adolescents of various institutions. The article highlights the main directions of work on the study and development of methods for hygienic and chemical research of public catering and food industry products, on the hygienic assessment of pesticides and new methods of food processing technology. Attention is paid to studies on establishing migration patterns and deciphering the mechanisms of biological action of toxic substances released from materials in contact with food. A significant contribution was the scientific substantiation of hygienic food system optimization using preventive foods for contingents of persons in extreme environmental conditions, including astronauts. The result of the research was the development of medico-biological requirements for specialized products intended for feeding people in extreme conditions of space flight and wounded with damage to the skeletal system. The works of the outstanding employees of the department have made a significant contribution to the science of hygiene and sanitary practice.
Pharmacotherapeutic management of chronic viral hepatitis
Authors: Mitea Gabriela , Radu Marius Daniel , Ionescu Ana Maria , Blebea Nicoleta
Published: September 2021

In infectious diseases, viral hepatitis has an increased incidence, being an important cause of morbidity and mortality, being a "sentinel" indicator of the socio-economic and hygienic-cultural standard of a geographical area. The World Health Organization (WHO) admits the following types of hepatitis viruses: A, B, B + D, C, E, F and G. Among the viral entities recognized by the WHO, a special importance in terms of incidence, evolution over time with the risk of chronicity and the therapeutic options are presented by hepatitis B and C. There is currently an effective vaccine as well as treatment for hepatitis B. There is no vaccine for hepatitis C, but in recent years considerable progress has been made in treating this disease. Also, the introduction of drugs known as direct-acting antivirals makes it possible to cure over 90% of patients within 2-3 months. But in many countries, current drug policies, regulations and prices keep treatment out of the reach of most people with hepatitis. Eradication of viral hepatitis is possible if greater emphasis is placed on prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Vaccination is very important, as it is possible for types A and B of hepatitis. Early diagnosis is also extremely important, given that there are currently very effective drugs that can prevent the development of liver cancer. The WHO also noted that about two million people worldwide become ill each year due to the reuse of syringes and stressed the importance of checking blood donors to see if they are not carriers of hepatitis B or C viruses. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to highlight the pharmacological treatment and the main therapeutic and prevention schemes currently used for patients with these liver diseases. The paper was based on the most popular methods of identification of the latest international information about the treatment of hepatitis (by electronic search using Pubmed, SciFinder, Scirus, GoogleScholar and Web of Science). We also consulted the global literature cited in the hepatitis database of the World Health Organization (WHO) updated frequent from the current literature on this topic.
Theoretical Study: The Diffusion of "Piknet" Innovation Sound Wave Attractor In Bulak District, Surabaya
Authors: Rosana Nurul , Harahab Nuddin , Ciptadi Gatot , Kurniawan Andi
Published: September 2021

Diffusion of innovation is a process which needed in an effort to adapt to an idea or technology so that a person or group of people can adopt a new subject through the stages set. The purpose of this research is to hope that the process of accepting the attractor based on the "Piknet" sound wave as an innovation can be studied based on the diffusion theory of innovation from Rogers. The method used in this research is a literature review which was carried out for 2 (two) months, in June and July 2021. The object of the writing is to deepen Rogers' theory of the diffusion of innovations that can be used as a basis for determining the stages of the wave-based attractor diffusion process. the sound of "Piknet" to groups of fishing fishermen in Bulak District, Surabaya. Rogers' innovation diffusion theory can be used as the basis for the diffusion process of "Piknet" sound wave-based attractor innovation in Bulak District, Surabaya, using elements and stages of the decision process that are adapted to the conditions of the local community.
Perbaikan Sifat Fisik Tanah Inceptisol dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) akibat Pemberian Kompos Granul Ela Sagu dan Pupuk Fosfat
Authors: Maimuna La Habi  , Aminudin Umasangaji
Published: September 2021

Percobaan pot di rumah kaca dirancang untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompos granular limbah empulur sagu dan pupuk fosfat terhadap peningkatan karakteristik fisik Inceptisols dan pertumbuhan jagung. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap faktorial 3 x 3 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah KGES 0 (tanpa kompos granul ampas sagu), KGES 1 (100 g.pot-1), dan KGES 2 (200 g.pot-1) berupa kompos granul limbah empulur sagu; faktor kedua adalah pupuk P0 (tanpa fosfat), P1 (0,326 g.pot-1) dan P2 (0,652 g.pot-1). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kompos granular limbah empulur sagu dan pupuk fosfor berpengaruh nyata terhadap soil bulk density, particle density, soil porosity, fast drainage pores, slow drainage pores, available water pores, unavailable water pores, total soil-P, dan tinggi tanaman. Sedangkan pupuk fosfor tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap soil bulk density, porosity, slow drainage pores, unavailable water pores, dan tinggi tanaman.
Uji Cemaran Salmonella sp. pada Susu Segar Kambing Sapera di Kecamatan Siliragung Kabupaten Banyuwangi
Authors: Rosdiyanah Ayu Aisiyah Putri  , Wiwiek Tyasningsih  , Faisal Fikri
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberadaan Salmonella sp. pada susu kambing Sapera segar di kecamatan Siliragung, kabupaten Banyuwangi. Pengambilan sampel susu kambing Sapera segar dilakukan pada bulan April 2021 sebanyak 17 sampel. Masing-masing sampel diambil sebanyak 25 ml kemudian dilakukan pra pengkayaan dengan media Lactose Broth, lalu diperkaya dengan media Tetrathionate Broth, dan diisolasi pada media selektif antara lain Hectoen Enteric Agar, Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate Agar, dan Bismuth Sulfite Agar. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa semua sampel susu kambing Sapera segar tidak mengandung Salmonella sp. Hal-hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam pemerahan antara lain menyediakan fasilitas pemerahan, membersihkan kandang, mempersiapkan pemerahan, mengatur jarak dan waktu pemerahan, serta mencuci puting susu setelah proses pemerahan selesai. Peternak kambing di Siliragung telah melakukan serangkaian kebersihan sebelum memerah susu, seperti mencuci tangan dengan sabun, membersihkan ambing kambing dengan kain, dan mencuci wadah penampung susu segar, selain itu didukung oleh jenis kandang kambing berupa kandang panggung sehingga meminimalisir ambing dan puting terkontaminasi feses. Teknik pemerahan telah dilakukan dengan baik sehingga tidak ditemukan adanya Salmonella sp. tidak adanya kontaminasi menunjukkan kualitas susu yang baik untuk dikonsumsi.
Inovasi Infusa Kulit Kayu Akway pada Performa Ayam Broiler Umur 3 sampai 4 Minggu di Kampung Warmomi Distrik Manokwari Selatan
Authors: Sritiasni  , Petrus Dominikus Sadsoeitoeboen  , Muhammad Agung Purnomo
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian infusa kulit kayu akway terhadap performa ayam broiler dengan dosis yang berbeda di kampung Warmomi distrik Manokwari Selatan kabupaten Manokwari. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, menggunakan 60 ekor DOC ayam broiler dengan jenis kelamin yang berbeda yaitu 30 ekor jantan dan 30 ekor betina. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari P0 air minum tanpa kulit kayu akway, P1 air minum 1000 ml + 3 gram kulit kayu akway (3 gr/liter) dan P2 air minum sebanyak 1000 ml + 5 gram kulit kayu akway (5 gr/liter). Peubah yang diamati yaitu konsumsi pakan, konsumsi minum, bobot badan akhir dan konversi pakan. Metode analisis data menggunakan Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA), bila terdapat perbedaan maka diuji lanjut menggunakan metode Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian infusa pada air minum tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap konsumsi pakan, konversi dan pakan, bobot badan akhir konsumsi minum. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian infusa kulit kayu akway dengan dosis berbeda tidak berpengaruh nyata pada performa ayam broiler pada variabel konsumsi pakan, konversi pakan, bobot badan akhir dan konsumsi minum.
Z Kuşağı Gençliğinin İdeal Yöneticiye Yönelik Metaforik Algılarının İncelenmesi: Aksaray İli Örneği
Authors: AYDOĞDU Hamza , KARA ÖZKAN Neşe
Published: September 2021

Gelişen teknolojinin içinde dünyaya gelen Z kuşağı, teknolojinin öncülük ettiği değişimi yaşamın bir parçası olarak algılamış ve hayatı da bu yönde şekillenmiştir. İnternetin yaygınlaşmasıyla birlikte bilgiye ulaşma imkânları geliştiği için kendilerini çok yönlü olarak geliştirme fırsatı bulan bu kuşak özellikle sosyal medya aracılığıyla haberleşme ve organize olma becerisine sahiptir. Literatürde yaygın olarak 2000’li yılların başında dünyaya gelen kuşak olarak kabul gören Z kuşağı iş yaşamında varlığını henüz gösterecektir. Ülkenin geleceğinde söz sahibi olacak olan bu gençliği anlamak ve onların ihtiyaçlarına cevap verecek bir yönetim sunmak için Z kuşağının ideal yönetici algısının belirlenmesi gerektiği düşüncesinden hareketle bu araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın konusu Z kuşağı gençliğinin ideal yönetici algılarının metaforlar yoluyla çözümlenmesidir. Bu amaçla Aksaray İl Millî Eğitim Müdürlüğüne bağlı liselerde öğrenim gören gençlerden “Bana göre yönetici …… gibidir. Çünkü ….” cümlesini tamamlamaları istenmiştir. 627 katılımcı ile gerçekleştirilen araştırmada katılımcılar “G1, G2, G3…” şeklinde temsil edilmiştir. Gençlerin kaleme aldığı metaforik algı cümlelerinden 847 metafora ulaşılmış ve bu metaforlar kategoriler altında düzenlenmiştir. Yapılan incelemelerde 30 temaya ulaşılmıştır. Bunlar: Adalet, sorumluluk, eşitlik, rehberlik, samimiyet, demokratiklik, yenilikçilik, anlayışlılık, saygılı olmak, destekleyicilik, kendinden emin olmak, çalışkanlık, birikimlilik, dengeli yönetim anlayışına sahip olmak, işin ehli olmak, otoriter olmak, ileri görüşlülük, güvenilirlik, gereklilik, disiplinli çalışma, kararlılık, uyumluluk, hoşgörülü olmak, tecrübeli olmak, yardımseverlik, yaratıcılık, iyi niyetli olmak, denetleyicilik, örnek olmak ve hâkim olmaktır. Araştırma sonunda, elde edilen bulgulardan hareketle geliştirilen önerilere yer verilmiştir.
Risk Return Analysis of Selected Stocks of Indian Financial Sector
Authors: Lobo Sonia , S. Ganesh Bhat
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Indian stock markets are channelizing financial resources for the economic progress of the country. The Indian Financial Services sector is the subset of the stock market which is playing a key role in stock trading. The Indian Financial Services industry is multifaceted and is growing rapidly both in terms of the robust growth of existing firms and the entry of new players playing a stellar role. This surge in growth of the Financial Services sector led many investors to divert their investment towards the financial services segment. To construct an attractive portfolio, the individual investor should perform a risk-return analysis well in advance. This will assist the investor in determining the risk-return relationship in various securities. Given this background, the study is undertaken to evaluate the risk-return patterns of the Indian Financial Services sector securities. Design/Methodology/Approach: The risk and return of sample group of companies belonging to the Indian Financial Services sector are analyzed to arrive at a monthly return by taking the monthly closing price of five financial investment companies belonging to the Standard & Poor’s BSE Finance Index for the period January 2020 to July 2021. To achieve the objectives various statistical tools such as descriptive statistics, correlation, and Beta are adopted. Also, a paired t-test is performed to check the validity of the hypothesis. Findings: The study has brought to light that India Infoline Finance Ltd (IIFL Finance) has provided the highest monthly returns with a high beta value. Further, the tested hypothesis reveals that there exists a significant difference in the monthly returns of the S&P BSE Finance Index and JSW Holdings. Originality/value: The study emphasizes the risk-return analysis of selected stocks of the Indian Financial Services sector. Potential investors will benefit from this equity analysis because it will enable them to make more intelligent and accurate investment decisions. Paper Type: A case study of the Indian Financial Services Industry
Preparation of microencapsulated PCMs for energy saving and thermal comfort of buildings
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez University, Egypt., Heniegal Ashraf Mohamed , Ibrahim Omar Mohamed Omar ,   Civil and Architectural Constructions Department, Faculty of Technology and Education, Suez University, Egypt. Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology At ElManzala, Ad Daqahliyah, Egypt., Frahat Nour Bassim ,   Civil and Architectural Constructions Department, Faculty of Technology and Education, Suez University, Egypt., Amin Mohamed ,   Civil and Architectural Constructions Department, Faculty of Technology and Education, Suez University, Egypt.
Published: September 2021

Energy improvement techniques for buildings are among the modern studies that concentrate on new techniques and methods of saving energy and improving the thermal performance in buildings. This research aims to prepare microencapsulated-PCMs (micro-PCMs) by using local materials and studied the influence of using micro-PCMs on thermal performance improvement and PCMs leakage problems improvement. The micro-PCMs of paraffin wax were prepared as the core PCMs materials while the melamine-formaldehyde polymer as the shell. The micro-PCMs were characterized through scanning electron-microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. Analysis results showed the prepared micro-PCMs present a regular spherical shape and confirm that the formation composite of the shell effectively encapsulated the cores. Furthermore, the absence of chemical interaction between the MF and the PW components. The micro-PCM have potential for architectural applications in the building-envelope to store thermal energy, provide indoor-temperature at the comfortable range, and reduce the consumption energy in buildings.
Evolution of methods for accounting nonlinearity in calculation of building structures
Authors:   International Educational Corporation (KazGASA campus), Almaty, Kazakhstan, Ibragimov A.Kh. , Polyakova I.M. ,   International Educational Corporation (KazGASA campus), Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

This article discusses the stages of development of disciplines that aim to calculate building structures. The prerequisites and some of the fundamental provisions that led to the formation of such a field of research as nonlinear structural mechanics are briefly described.
The ecosystem approach in the integrated water resources management of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors:   al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Yerdvaliyeva A.A. , Tazhibaeva T.L. ,   al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

In this article, the authors research the development and features of the ecosystem approach in Integrated Water Resources Management in Kazakhstan, as well as analyze the implementation of the ecosystem approach in the updated environmental legislation, including the new Environmental Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the draft State Program of the Republic of Kazakhstan for water resources management until 2030.
Development of a case for a wireless sensor for monitoring of reinforced concrete structures
Authors:   R&D Department, «CSI Research & Lab» LLP, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Utepov Ye. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Tulebekova A. ,   R&D Department, «CSI Research & Lab» LLP, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Zharassov Sh. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Bazarbayev D. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

Enclosure design is the most important stage of product development. A proprietary enclosure has many advantages as well as disadvantages. The most important part of the design of an electronic device enclosure is the preliminary research stage. Each device has its own technological peculiarities, which are taken into account during the development of concepts. This article presents the peculiarities of the development of enclosure for wireless sensor for monitoring of reinforced concrete structures, discusses the important aspects of each stage.
Translation process and information dissemination in a multilingual world
Authors:   International Educational Corporation (Campus KAU), Almaty, Kazakhstan, Akbalaeva Zh.K.
Published: September 2021

Historically people who were close to translation have always been working in a multilingual world. The global culture of translation is more an exciting practice that allows considering the changes and transformations taking place in this field. This paper touches upon the current theories of globalization and it influence on translation. It makes attempts to understand the significance of translation in a global context, defining its analytical place in globalization and its core point in the global culture and information dissemination.
Uniqueness of modern stylist trends in interior design
Authors:   Saken Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Espenbetov B.Zh. , Khamitov S.Kh. ,   Saken Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the features of modern stylistic trends in interior design. The basics of the leading interior styles are considered. Based on the analyzed material, conclusions are drawn, the article will be useful for interior designers, architects, students studying this topic.
The perspective of the use of artificial intelligence in the formation and control of modern and future urban areas
Authors:   T.K. Basenov Institute of Architecture and Construction, Satbayev University,, Abilev D.N. , Dzhakipova G.S. ,   T.K. Basenov Institute of Architecture and Construction, Satbayev University,
Published: September 2021

With the development of technologies and their introduction into everyday life, there is also the possibility of their professional use in various industries and structures. The AI system is a virtual assistant, whose development every year can create a perfect model of urban control and a virtual assistant in helping people with many routine tasks. This article describes the prospects for using AI and examples of its development.
Determination of stresses and dynamic coefficients when testing railway overpasses
Authors:   Academy of Logistics and Transport, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kvashnin M.Ya. , Bondar I.S. ,   Academy of Logistics and Transport, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Khasenov S.S. ,   Academy of Logistics and Transport, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Bikhozhaeva G.S. ,   Academy of Logistics and Transport, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

This paper presents some results of instrumental measurements of dynamic coefficients and fiber stresses of reinforced concrete girder spans of railway overpasses under mobile load. The results obtained can be used for further monitoring of similar structures on the main railway lines of the Republic of Kazakhstan, to identify damage in the structures of bridges.
Features of the formation of floral and decorative design of urban spaces in the central part of Ust-Kamenogorsk
Authors:   D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan technical university, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan, Feoktistova Y.A. , Askarova E.E. ,   D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan technical university, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

The article presents the results of studying the features of the formation and analysis of the current state of floral and decorative design of public urban spaces in the central part of Ust-Kamenogorsk on the example of one of the main thoroughfares of the city - Kazakhstan Street. Recommendations for improving the architectural and landscape environment of the city center are proposed.
Planning models of quarters and residential groups with comfortable aeration in the natural-climatic conditions of South-East Kazakhstan
Authors:   International Educational Corporation (KazGASA campus), Almaty, Kazakhstan, Isabaev G.A. , Tazhihan D.A. ,   International Educational Corporation (KazGASA campus), Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

The article reveals the issues of comfortable aeration of residential groups and quarters for three characteristic natural and climatic zones of the south-east of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Basic principles for the development of a sustainable architecture
Authors:   Azerbaijan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Baku, Azerbaijan, Abdulragimova T.R.
Published: September 2021

This paper presents the basic principles of sustainable architecture at the current stage of architecture and construction development. The development of sustainable architecture is closely linked to the concept of «greenhouses», «bio architecture», «smart homes» and refers not only to individual buildings but to all elements of the environment. The importance of applying solar and wind energy in the conditions of our republic is noted.
Some issues on prevention of avalanche coloring of building structures
Authors:   International Education Corporation ( Campus KazGASA), Almaty, Kazakhstan, Azhgaliyeva B.A.
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the emergence of the problem of an avalanche collapse of a building and various ways to prevent the collapse of structures. On the basis of world experience, recommendations are made for protection against the avalanche collapse of high-rise buildings of various structural systems.
Healthcare and Rehabilitation Needs of Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Kinyanjui Benson , McDaniels Bradley , Frain Michael , Bishop Malachy , Chiu Chung-Yi , Lee Beatrice , Tiro Lebogang
Published: September 2021

There is little research delineating the healthcare and rehabilitation needs of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) that is based on the perspectives of those individuals themselves. The medical community is largely well-informed about disease progression, symptoms, and treatment of MS, but little is known regarding the barriers and unmet needs that individuals with MS experience in their interaction with healthcare and rehabilitation systems and providers, and in their efforts to maintain healthy, productive, and participatory lives. In this article, we provide a comprehensive summary of the most frequently identified healthcare and rehabilitation needs of individuals with MS based on a review of over 500 articles, from which 29 articles were selected for inclusion as they specifically addressed the needs or unmet healthcare and rehabilitation needs of people with MS. Based on our review, we identified 11 categories of needs, which we discuss in the context of three broad categories, including (a) emotional and psychological support, (b) healthcare and rehabilitation, and (c) transportation, home care, and financial needs.

 

Keywords: multiple sclerosis, health care, priorities, needs, expectations
Education 4.0
Authors:   Dayanand Women’s Training College, Kanpur, Misra Smita
Published: September 2021

Education 4.0 is a revolutionary response to the 4IR (fourth industrial revolution). Education is a tool for societal development. Automation and digitalization of industry have given an edge to human potential, and to tap it, education 4.0 comes to the fore. Now, the objective of education is to explore the learning process to its fullest and create a constantly evolving learning community in place of a knowledge-based community. The whole education system, from objectives to evaluation, has changed drastically. The learning process has reached up to the meta-cognition level of the brain. Today's key factors of this process are re-inventing the objective, re-skilling & re-assessing the evaluation process, and achieving a new pinnacle and dimension of learning. Education 4.0 is aimed towards Generation-Z which has completely different aspirations and expectations. Soft skills also gain importance along with hard skills. Creativity, emotional intelligence, social interest skills are a must for the new and evolving professions of the future. The role of the teacher will be that of a facilitator and students will take the helm in his/her learning chariot.
A STUDY ON USE OF TECHNOLOGY BY SENIOR SECONDARY STUDENTS BEFORE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors:   SSRVM,INDORE, Chitnis Rakhi
Published: September 2021

Information and communication technology is a boon to modern society. It emerges with so many different ways to help the students in teaching and learning. But the question arises whether the students, especially of secondary grade, are using these ICT tools effectively? To find out, a study was carried out in Indore city, India. The study was a descriptive type with the sample size of 200 students of different secondary schools. The study was focused on the availability of ICT tools and its use by students other than school. A questionnaire is designed to collect the data.The study used various statistical techniques to analyze the data. Z-test, were used. Study concluded that the students have easy access to ICT tools outside the school but these tools are less used effectively for learning purpose as compared to other activities.
EFFECTS OF PANDEMIC ON EMPLOYEE PSYCHE AND PERFORMANCE IN IT SECTOR
Authors:   School of Management, Sastra Deemed University, Thanjavur, Harini.I Bala Vishwaa , Ilankumaran Dr. G. , Selvi , Dr. V. Darling ,   Alagappa Institute of Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi,   PG & Research Department of Commerce, Rani Anna Government College for women
Published: September 2021

COVID-19 outbreak has pushed almost all the employees around the world to work in a completely different setting in comparison to what it used to be before. It triggered interventions such as social distancing, travel restrictions, virtual or remote work, and skeleton crews have constrained the continuance of earlier processes, thereby changing the way employees work. Deep fatigue and extreme stress, combined with wider societal anxieties around COVID-19 and the lack of a clear endpoint are likely to result in a reduction in employee wellbeing and engagement, and will pose a once-in a-generation challenge for business leaders. The main focus of the study is to bring out the Effects of Pandemic on Employee Psyche and Performance in IT Sector. Effects of Pandemic on Employee Psyche and Performance in IT Sector were studies with the help of 18 statements. The researcher used SPSS software to analyse the data. The statistical tools used for analysis are Descriptive Statistics, Cronbach’s Alpha, ANOVA, KMO and Bartlett's Test and Rotated Factor Analysis. Scree Plot is used to highlight the number of components. The time period of study ranges between March and April of 2021. The conclusion derived from the component transformation matrix is that there is association between challenges and fear of risk and new culture of work has nothing to do with the either challenges or fear of risk. It is suggested that as the IT employees are ready and vigorous towards work ethics it is advisable to the management to get the maximum input from the employees by giving maximum output in the form of both monetary and non-monetary emoluments.
PÍLULA DO DIA SEGUINTE: IMPORTÂNCIA DA ATENÇÃO FARMACÊUTICA NO USO DE CONTRACETIVO DE EMERGÊNCIA PARA AS ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Costa Walace Rodrigues , Pugliese Fabiana Sousa , Silva Michel Santos da
Published: September 2021

A pílula do dia seguinte (PDS) é chamada pelos médicos de pílula anticoncepcional pós-coito. É um método anticoncepcional de emergência e deve ser tomada até 72 horas após a relação sexual. É adequado para casos de abuso sexual, preservativos quebrados ou falha de outros métodos anticoncepcionais. É composto dos mesmos hormônios que os anticoncepcionais, mas em uma dose um pouco maior, você pode encontrar anticoncepcionais em uma caixa, duas caixas ou quatro caixas. Esta pílula só pode ser vendida com receita médica porque contém altas doses de hormônios, o que pode causar graves consequências para o corpo das mulheres. É muito importante que as mulheres usem anticoncepcionais ambulatoriais apenas em emergências e não como método anticoncepcional. Mulheres que fazem sexo com frequência podem usar outros métodos anticoncepcionais, como preservativos, dispositivos intrauterinos e anticoncepcionais. Eles são prescritos por médicos em quem eles confiam. Lembre-se de que a Organização Mundial da Saúde recomenda o uso de anticoncepcionais para evitar a gravidez e preservativos para prevenir DST (Doença Sexualmente Transmissível). Seu efeito não é tão bom quanto o dos anticoncepcionais comumente usados ​​na vida diária e varia com o tempo de uso. A equação é a seguinte: quanto maior o atraso na ingestão, maior a chance de gravidez.
Emission factors of long-lived volatile organic compounds from the 2019–2020 Australian wildfires during the COALA campaign
Authors: Mouat Asher P. , Paton-Walsh Clare , Simmons Jack B. , Ramirez-Gamboa Jhonathan , Griffith David W. T. , Kaiser Jennifer
Published: September 2021

Abstract. In 2019/2020, Australia experienced its largest wildfire season on record. Smoke covered hundreds of square kilometers across the southeastern coast and reached the site of the 2020 COALA (Characterizing Organics and Aerosol Loading over Australia) field campaign in New South Wales. Using a subset of nighttime observations made by a proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS), we calculate emission ratios (ERs) and factors (EFs) for 21 volatile organic compounds (VOCs). We restrict our analysis to VOCs with sufficiently high lifetimes to be minimally impacted by oxidation over the ~8 h between when the smoke was emitted and when it arrived at the field site. We use oxidized VOC to VOC ratios to assess the total amount of radical oxidation: maleic anhydride/furan to assess OH oxidation, and (cis-2-butenediol + furanone)/furan to assess NO3 oxidation. We compare ERs calculated from the freshest portion of the plume to ERs calculated using the entire nighttime period. Finding good agreement between the two, we are able to extend our analysis to VOCs measured in more chemically aged portions of the plume. Our analysis provides ERs and EFs for 9 compounds not previously reported for temperate forests in Australia: acrolein, pentanones/methylbutanal, methyl propanoate, methyl methacrylate, propene, maleic anhydride, benzaldehyde, methyl guaiacol, and methylbenzoic acid. We compare our results with two studies in similar Australian biomes, and two studies focused on US temperate forests. We find mixed agreement for EFs presented from previous studies of Australian wildfires, and generally good agreement with studies focused on fires in the Western US. This suggests that comprehensive field measurements of biomass burning VOC emissions in other regions may be applicable to Australian temperate forests.
Role of Criegee intermediates in the formation of sulfuric acid at a Mediterranean (Cape Corsica) site under influence of biogenic emissions
Authors: Kukui Alexandre , Chartier Michel , Wang Jinhe , Chen Hui , Dusanter Sébastien , Sauvage Stéphane , Michoud Vincent , Locoge Nadine , Gros Valérie , Bourrianne Thierry , Sellegri Karine , Pichon Jean-Marc
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Reaction of stabilized Criegee intermediates (SCIs) with SO2 was proposed as an additional pathway of gaseous sulfuric acid
(H2SO4) formation in the atmosphere, supplementary to the
conventional mechanism of H2SO4 production by oxidation of
SO2 in reaction with OH radicals. However, because of a large
uncertainty in mechanism and rate coefficients for the atmospheric formation
and loss reactions of different SCIs, the importance of this additional
source is not well established. In this work, we present an estimation of
the role of SCIs in H2SO4 formation at a western Mediterranean
(Cape Corsica) remote site, where comprehensive field observations including gas-phase H2SO4, OH radicals, SO2, volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) and aerosol size distribution measurements were performed in July–August 2013 as a part of the project ChArMEx (Chemistry-Aerosols Mediterranean Experiment). The measurement site was under strong influence of local emissions of biogenic
volatile organic compounds, including monoterpenes and isoprene generating SCIs in reactions with ozone, and, hence, presenting an additional source of H2SO4 via SO2 oxidation by the SCIs. Assuming the validity of
a steady state between H2SO4 production and its loss by
condensation on existing aerosol particles with a unity accommodation
coefficient, about 90 % of the H2SO4 formation during the day
could be explained by the reaction of SO2 with OH. During the night the
oxidation of SO2 by OH radicals was found to contribute only about
10 % to the H2SO4 formation. The accuracy of the derived values
for the contribution of OH + SO2 reaction to the H2SO4
formation is limited mostly by a large, at present factor of 2, uncertainty in the OH + SO2 reaction rate coefficient. The contribution of the SO2 oxidation by SCIs to the H2SO4 formation was
evaluated using available measurements of unsaturated VOCs and steady-state SCI concentrations estimated by adopting rate coefficients for SCI
reactions based on structure–activity relationships (SARs). The estimated
concentration of the sum of SCIs was in the range of (1–3) × 103 molec. cm−3. During the day the reaction of SCIs with
SO2 was found to account for about 10 % and during the night for
about 40 % of the H2SO4 production, closing the H2SO4
budget during the day but leaving unexplained about 50 % of the
H2SO4 formation during the night. Despite large uncertainties in
used kinetic parameters, these results indicate that the SO2 oxidation
by SCIs may represent an important H2SO4 source in VOC-rich environments, especially during nighttime.
Preface to the special issue of the Division Energy, Resources and the Environment at vEGU2021: Gather online​​​​​​​
Authors: Bruckman Viktor J. , Giebel Gregor , Juhlin Christopher , Martens Sonja , Rinaldi Antonio P. , Kühn Michael
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The European Geosciences Union (EGU) is one of the
leading global bottom-up societies that promotes earth, planetary and space
sciences. In its annual general assemblies, EGU brings together experts from
all over the world to discuss cutting-edge research and implementation of
findings in its respective disciplines and thus offers a unique forum for
scientific exchange, science-policy interaction, and joint development of
strategies for future research endeavours. This special issue in Advances in Geosciences comprises a collection of
contributions from the Division Energy, Resources and the Environment (ERE)
of the EGU, which were presented at the General Assembly 2021, vEGU2021:
Gather online. It was held entirely online for the second time after EGU2020
from 19 to 30 April 2021.
Clumped-isotope-derived climate trends leading up to the end-Cretaceous mass extinction in northwest Europe
Authors: O'Hora Heidi Elizabeth , Petersen Sierra Victoria , Vellekoop Johan , Jones Matthew Madden , Scholz Serena R.
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Paleotemperature reconstructions linked to Deccan traps volcanic greenhouse gas emissions and associated feedbacks in the lead-up to the end-Cretaceous meteorite impact and extinction document local and global climate trends during a key interval of geologic history. Here, we present a new clumped-isotope-based paleotemperature record derived from fossil bivalves from the Maastrichtian type region, in southeast Netherlands and northeast Belgium. Clumped isotope data documents a mean temperature of 19.2 ± 3.8 °C, consistent with other Maastrichtian temperature estimates, and an average seawater δ18O value of −0.3 ± 0.9 ‰ VSMOW for the region during the latest Cretaceous (67.1–66.0 Ma). A notable temperature increase at ~66.4 Ma is interpreted to be a regional manifestation of the globally-defined Late Maastrichtian Warming Event, linking Deccan Traps volcanic CO2 emissions prior to the end-Cretaceous extinction to climate change in the Maastricht region. Fluctuating seawater δ18O values coinciding with temperature changes suggest alternating influences of warm, salty southern-sourced waters and cooler, fresher northern-sourced waters from the Arctic Ocean. This new paleotemperature record contributes to the understanding of regional and global climate response to large-scale volcanism and ocean circulation changes leading up to a catastrophic mass extinction.
A fifteen-million-year surface- and subsurface-integrated TEX86 temperature record from the eastern equatorial Atlantic
Authors: van der Weijst Carolien M. H. , van der Laan Koen J. , Peterse Francien , Reichart Gert-Jan , Sangiorgi Francesca , Schouten Stefan , Veenstra Tjerk J. T. , Sluijs Appy
Published: September 2021

Abstract. TEX86 is a paleothermometer based on Thaumarcheotal glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) lipids and is one of the most frequently used proxies for sea-surface temperature (SST) in warmer-than-present climates. However, the calibration of TEX86 to SST is controversial because its correlation to SST is not significantly stronger than that to depth-integrated surface to subsurface temperatures. Because GDGTs are not exclusively produced in and exported from the surface ocean, sedimentary GDGTs may contain a depth-integrated signal that is sensitive to local subsurface temperature variability, which can only be proved in downcore studies. Here, we present a 15 Myr TEX86 record from ODP Site 959 in the Gulf of Guinea and use additional proxies to elucidate the source of the recorded TEX86 variability. Relatively high GDGT[2/3] ratio values from 13.6 Ma indicate that sedimentary GDGTs were partly sourced from deeper (> 200 m) waters. Moreover, late Pliocene TEX86 variability is highly sensitive to glacial-interglacial cyclicity, as is also recorded by benthic δ18O, while the variability within dinoflagellate assemblages and surface/thermocline temperature records (Uk’37 and Mg/Ca), is not primarily explained by glacial-interglacial cyclicity. Combined, these observations are best explained by TEX86 sensitivity to sub-thermocline temperature variability. We conclude that the TEX86 record represents a depth-integrated signal that incorporates a SST and a deeper component, which is compatible the present-day depth distribution of Thaumarchaeota and with the GDGT[2/3] distribution in core tops. The depth-integrated TEX86 record can potentially be used to infer SST variability, because subsurface temperature variability is generally tightly linked to SST variability. Using a subsurface calibration with peak calibration weight between 100–350 m, we estimate that east equatorial Atlantic SST cooled by ~4.5 °C between the Late Miocene and Pleistocene. On shorter timescales, we use the TEX86 record as an Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) proxy and evaluate climatological leads and lags around the Pliocene M2 glacial (~3.3 Ma). Our record, combined with published information, suggests that the M2 glacial was marked by AAIW cooling during an austral summer insolation minimum, and that decreasing CO2 levels were a feedback, not the initiator, of glacial expansion.
The southernmost occurrence of Ichthyosaurus from the Sinemurian of Portugal
Authors: Sousa João , Mateus Octávio
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The ichthyosaur fossil record of Portugal is composed of
specimens from the localities of São Pedro de Moel, Alhadas, Cadima, Murtede,
Casal do Combo, Condeixa, Alvaiázere and Tomar, within the confines of
the Lusitanian Basin, ranging in age from the Sinemurian to the Aalenian. We
reviewed the historical ichthyosaur finds in Portugal, and in this work we
focus on the specimen IST-MDT 85, from the Sinemurian of Praia de Nossa
Senhora da Vitória, central west coast of Portugal. The specimen was
herein ascribed to Ichthyosaurus cf. communis, based on characters of the humerus in comparison with
other specimens. This is the southernmost documented occurrence of
Ichthyosaurus, widening the geographical range of the genus.