bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bacterial Diversity and Bioprospecting for enzyme among the Shola Forests of Idukki District, Kerala, India
Authors: Fernandez Rochelle , Ramatchandirane Prabagaran Solai
Published: January 2024

Shola forests are unique montane vegetations found extensively along the Southern Western Ghats of India. Samples were collected in the form of soil, slurry, and water from Pampadum, Mathikettan and Anamudi Sholas. Cultivable bacteria were isolated to explore bacterial diversity of the region. Among the total 58 morphologically divergent bacterial strains, 32 isolates showed circular configuration, 24 were irregular while 2 were punctiform. Predominance of pale white colour colonies were discernible followed by white, beige, orange, yellow, pink including transparent ones. Nearly 56.89% of the isolates were found to be Gram negative rods. Distribution of Gram positive rod and Gram positive cocci were 39.65% and 3.45% respectively. Statistical analysis (Shannon and Simpsons) was recorded. Maximum and minimum diversity was observed from the samples collected from Pampadum soil and water. Identification through 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolates revealed predominance of 4 divisions viz., Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, distributed in 9 genera. More genera were distributed in the phyla Proteobacteria followed by the Firmicutes. Least representations were by Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. The bacterial isolates had the ability to produce different enzymes. The isolate Acinetobacter dispersus (ASL31) was found to have maximum amylase activity of 62.6 ± 1.3 U/ml. The isolate Bacillus paralicheniformis (PS1) showed maximum protease activity of 49.2 ± 0.6 U/ml, and the isolate Bacillus aerius (MSL9) possessed maximum cellulase activity of about 86.2 ± 0.9 U/ml. Hence, the diverse environment of Shola forests provides adequate diversity to explore the place for various microorganisms for bioprospecting.
Quantifying the Effects of Sleep on Sensor-Derived Variables from Upper Limb Accelerometry in People with and without Upper Limb Impairment
Authors: Miller Allison E. , Lang Catherine E. , Bland Marghuretta D. , Lohse Keith R.
Published: January 2024

Background:Despite the promise of wearable sensors for both rehabilitation research and clinical care, these technologies pose significant burden on data collectors and analysts. Investigations of factors that may influence the wearable sensor data processing pipeline are needed to support continued use of these technologies in rehabilitation research and integration into clinical care settings. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of one such factor, sleep, on sensor-derived variables from upper limb accelerometry in people with and without upper limb impairment and across a two-day wearing period.Methods:This was a secondary analysis of data collected during a prospective, longitudinal cohort study (n = 127 individuals, 62 with upper limb impairment and 65 without). Participants wore a wearable sensor on each wrist for 48 hours. Five upper limb sensor variables were calculated over the full wear period (sleep included) and with sleep time removed (sleep excluded): preferred time, non-preferred time, use ratio, non-preferred magnitude and its standard deviation. Linear mixed effects regression was used to quantify the effect of sleep on each sensor variable and determine if the effect differed between people with and without upper limb impairment and across a two-day wearing period.Results:There were significant differences between sleep included and excluded for the variables preferred time (p < 0.001), non-preferred time (p < 0.001), and non-preferred magnitude standard deviation (p = 0.001). The effect of sleep was significantly different between people with and without upper limb impairment for one variable, non-preferred magnitude (p = 0.02). The effect of sleep was not substantially different across wearing days for any of the variables.Conclusions:Overall, the effects of sleep on sensor-derived variables of upper limb accelerometry are small, similar between people with and without upper limb impairment and across a two-day wearing period, and can likely be ignored in most contexts. Ignoring the effect of sleep would simplify the data processing pipeline, facilitating the use of wearable sensors in both research and clinical practice.
Cybersecurity entity recognition for blockchain of things via Hierarchical Attention Mechanism
Authors: Wu Chunwang , Liu Xiaolei , Ding Kangyi , Xin Bangzhou , Lu Jiazhong , Liu Jiayong , Huang Cheng
Published: January 2024

With the integration of blockchain technology and the Internet of Things (IoT), the blockchain of things (BCoT) has received more attention. Because of the lack of efficient security mechanisms, the number of security incidents aimed at BCoT has been growing exponentially. The traditional cybersecurity analysis methods can utilize cybersecurity knowledge graph to extract threat intelligence information with fine granularity for BCoT. Named entity recognition (NER) is the primary task for constructing cybersecurity knowledge graph for BCoT. Traditional NER models make it difficult to determine entities with complex structures and ambiguous meanings in BCoT. It also cannot efficiently extract non-local and non-sequential dependencies between the cybersecurity entities. So, the traditional NER cannot be directly applied in the field of BCoT. In this paper, we propose a novel Cybersecurity Entity Recognition model based on Hierarchical Attention Mechanism, denoted as CER-HAM, to extract cybersecurity entity in the field of BCoT. CER-HAM composes the self-attention mechanism with the graph attention mechanism to capture non-local and non-sequential dependencies between cybersecurity entities. Based on those dependencies, CER-HAM can accurately extract cybersecurity entity in the field of BCoT. In the end, the real cybersecurity dataset of BCoT is used to verify the efficiency of CER-HAM. The experimental results show that the F1-score reached by CER-HAM is better than the traditional entity recognition model.
The use of mobile applications among healthcare professionals for patient care in Accra
Authors: Brobbey Kwame Okyere , Brobbey Kwame Okyere
Published: January 2024

Background: Few global and local studies have investigated the use of smartphones and associated applications among healthcare professionals, particularly in the context of patient care. The surge in mobile health applications, approximately300,000 times, available on platforms such as theGoogle Play Store and the iPhone app store highlights an increasing trend. In resource-constrained environments such asGhana, leveraging these technologies could facilitate secure health information exchange, deliver evidence-based care, and minimize errors in caregiving.
Purpose: This study exploredthe adoption and utilization of mobile technologies, specifically health applications, to support patient care in Ghana. The objectives include understanding healthcare professionals' usage patterns and perceived benefits, identifying the types of applications in use, and anticipating future applicationsto enhance patient care.
Methods: A structured questionnaire was administered to 233 randomly selected healthcare professionals, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, laboratory technicians, X-ray technicians, and physician assistants. The participants, sourced from two hospitals in Accra, provided insights into their opinions regarding the use of mobile health applications in patient care.
Results: The findings revealed that 52.8% of healthcare professionals actively utilize mobile applications for patient care. Medscape emerged as the most commonly used tool (31.33%). The keybenefits identified by users included aiding medical calculations (98.4%). Additionally, 33.5% expressed preferences for specific types of applications.
Conclusion: While there is significant adoption of mobile applications for patient care, challenges persist, including limited support from hospital leadership and awareness gaps among healthcare professionals. The study underscores the need for heightened awareness campaigns and support structures, including financial supportfrom management, to facilitate and enhance the integration of mobile technologies in patient care delivery.
Radiation combined with PD-1 inhibitor induces time-dependent changes in myocardial injury by regulating HMGB1-associated inflammatory microenvironment
Authors: Liu Yao , Wu Bibo , Wang Yu , Bai Jie , Wang Gang , Zhao Shasha , Su Shengfa , Lu Bing , Hu Yinxiang , OuYang Weiwei , Guo Zhenneng , Wan Jun
Published: January 2024

Background
PD-1 inhibitors may superimpose the toxicity of radiotherapy while increasing the antitumor effect. However, there are fewer studies on immune myocarditis caused by radiotherapy plus anti-PD-1 and the mechanism is still under exploration.
Methods
40 C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups. A: Control, B: PD-1 inhibitor, C: cardiac irradiation and D: thoracic irradiation + PD-1 inhibitor, mice were treated with either anti-PD-1 antibody with or without thoracic radiation (15Gy). Each group contained ten mice, five of which were studied for a duration of 1 month and the remaining five for 3 months. Tunel staining was utilized to observe apoptosis of cardiac tissues; histological analysis was performed to analyze the structural and morphological alterations, fibrosis of the heart tissue. The infiltration of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8 + T-cells into the cardiac was analyzed through flow cytometry; Elisa measured the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and TLR-4 in the cardiac; and immunoprotein blotting and qPCR were used to observe the protein and mRNA expression levels of HMGB1, TLR-4, and NF-κB p65.
Results
Group D exhibited a greater degree of cardiac injury, fibrosis, and apoptosis in comparison to groups A, B, and C. Additionally, there was an increase in injury, AI, and CVF values after three months as opposed to one month (P < 0.05).After one month, there was no statistically significant difference in cardiac damage, AI, or CVF values between groups A and B; however, after three months, there was a significant difference (P < 0.05). Group D also had higher levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and T-lymphocyte distribution, HMGB1, TLR4, NF-κB P65 protein, and mRNA expression than the other three groups. However, each group's index expression declined over the course of three months as opposed to one month, and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
PD-1 inhibitors exacerbated myocardial injury based on radiation by upregulating the expression of inflammatory factors in the HMGB1 signaling pathway. In the early stages of myocardial damage, inflammatory alterations predominated, while in the later stages, fibrosis.
Visual direction perception is pulled toward direction of head rotation
Authors: Pickard Kate , Davidson M. J. , Alais David
Published: January 2024

In order to effectively navigate the world around us, we must be able to correctly attribute motion signals to a wide variety of sources, including ourselves. Previous research has examined how we accurately split visual motion signals into those caused by self-motion or object motion, however this misses the key fact that we are active observers in our environment. To understand how we successfully disentangle complex motion signals, we must investigate how active components of self-motion signals might influence visual motion perception. The current study utilises virtual reality (VR) technology to investigate perceived direction of visual retinal motion across two experiments during active head rotations. Experiment 1 investigates the influence of horizontal active head rotations on the perceived direction of motion for 16 motion angles spaced equally around 360°. Experiment 2 additionally manipulated the strength of visual motion signals in order to examine how vestibular and visual signals might be weighted when one sensory signal is unreliable. In both experiments, perceived direction of visual motion was consistently biased toward the direction of head rotation, demonstrating an influence of active movement on vision. In addition, directions of motion that were adjacent to the cardinal axes (e.g. ±22.5° from vertical/horizontal) were repelled away from the cardinal reference during head rotations and stationary conditions, indicating an additional effect of reference repulsion.
Current status of Trypanosoma grosi and Babesia microti in small mammals in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Kim Hyun Jung , Han BoGyeong , Lee Hee-Il , Ju Jung Won , Shin Hyun-Il
Published: January 2024

Background: Small mammals are natural reservoir hosts of zoonotic diseases, including parasitic protozoa. To assess the risk of rodent borne parasitic protozoa in the Republic of Korea (ROK), this study investigated the status of parasitic protozoa, namely Trypanosoma, Babesia, and Theileria in small mammals.
Methods: Small mammals were captured during the spring and autumn at 16 sites. In total, 331 blood samples from small mammals were analyzed for the presence of parasites using PCR.
Results: Samples were positive for Trypanosoma grosi (23.9 %; n=79) and Babesia microti (10 %; n=33). However, Theileria was not detected. The small mammals collected from Seogwipo showed the highest infection rate of T. grosi (48.4 %), while the highest B. micrtoti infection rate was observed in small mammals collected from Gangneung (25.6 %). Sequence data of T. grosi from small mammals revealed that it belonged to the T. grosi AKHA strain. Phylogenetic analysis of B. microti revealed two genotypes: the US and Kobe types. B. microti US-type-infected small mammals were detected throughout the country, but the Kobe type was only detected in Seogwipo.
Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first nationwide survey to confirm T. grosi and B. microti infections at the species level in small mammals in the ROK and the first study to identify the Kobe type of B. microti. These results provide useful information for further molecular epidemiological studies on these parasites.
RETRACTED: Elevated-temperature Tribological Study of Interstitial-free Steel Subjected to Shot Peening
Authors: Sahoo Bibekananda , K. Udaya Bhat
Published: January 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity of Gallic acid-Cu(II) Hybrid Nanoflowers and Gallic acid-Zn(II) Hybrid Nanoflowers
Authors: YILMAZ Burcu SOMTURK
Published: January 2024

Herein, synthesis and characterization of hybrid nanoflowers using gallic acid as organic components, and Cu(II), Zn(II) ions which were involved as the inorganic component was carried out. In the first part of the study, the morphologies of the synthesized hybrid nanoflowers (hNFs) were investigated using SEM, EDX, XRD, FT-IR and mapping. In the second part of the study, the antimicrobial activities of the synthesized hybrid nanoflowers were examined. Antimicrobial activities of hNFs were systematically studied against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, P. aeruginosa and Candida albicans with broth microdilution and short time-kill assay. In addition to, anticancer activity of hNFs was examined. For this, A549 and MCF7 cell line were used.
Hydrogen gas inhibits neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury by promoting microglia M2 polarization via AMPK-dependent mediation of HDAC5
Authors: Zhai Jiayuan , Zhang Xin , Li Tingting , Tang Tianwei , Liu Xiangnan , Yang Yi , Yang WanChao
Published: January 2024

Microglia-associated neuroinflammation plays a role in secondary brain injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Hydrogen gas (H2) promotes microglial M2 polarization and alleviates neuroinflammation across brain disorders. However, little is known about the mechanism and target of H2 in treating neuroinflammation of TBI. In the present study, H2 inhalation conferred an improved neurological outcome after TBI by significantly decreasing neuroinflammation and activating microglial M2 polarization via inhibition of histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5) expression. Furthermore, an AMPK inhibitor activated expression of HDAC5 and downstream GSK3β/AKT signaling; H2 treatment reversed these effects and rescued neurological function in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, H2 down-regulated GSK3β histone H3 acetylation levels through AMPK activation. Altogether, these data indicate that H2 inhalation inhibits neuroinflammation and rescues neurological function after TBI by promoting M2 polarization of microglia through GSK3β/AKT signaling and AMPK-dependent mediation of HDAC5. Our findings reveal novel targets for inhibiting neuroinflammation, and highlights the potential of H2 therapy for TBI.
Functional Dimensionality of Koopman Eigenfunction Space
Authors: Cohen Ido , Appleboim Eli , Wolansky Gershon
Published: January 2024

This work presents the general form solution of Koopman Partial Differential Equation and shows that its functional dimensionality is finite. The dimensionality is as the dimensionality of the dynamics. Thus, the representation of nonlinear dynamics as a linear one with a finite set of Koopman eigenfunctions without error is possible. This formulation justifies the flowbox statement and provides a simple numerical method to find such representation.
Exploring the biomedical potential and DNA interaction of some new mixed complexes incorporating 2-guanidinobenzimidazole and imidazole ligands supporting by DFT and molecular docking approaches
Authors: Abu-Dief Ahmed M. , El‐Dabea Tarek , El-Khatib Rafat M. , Abdou Aly , Aljohani Faizah S. , Alzahrani Seraj , Barnawi Ibrahim Omar , El-Remaily Mahmoud Abd El Aleem Ali Ali
Published: January 2024

Pd(II), VO(II), Cu(II), and Ag(I) interacted with Guanidinobenzimidazole (BIG) to form four mixed ligand metal chelates in the presence of Imidazole (I). The synthesized compounds were investigated employing CHN, mass spectra, FT-IR, NMR spectra, magnetic moment, electronic spectra, TGA, and molar conductance. The Ft-IR displayed that BIG interacts with selected metals as a bi-dentate ligand by NH and = N atoms, whereas imidazole coordinated through N2 atom. Relating to the values of conductance the studied Cu(II) and Ag(I) complexes are non-electrolytes. For Cu(II) and VO(II) mixed complexes the octahedral geometry and the Pd(II) & Ag(I) complexes were found to have a distorted square planar and tetrahedral geometry. Respectively, were verified by occupying the magnetic moments, theoretical studies and electronic spectra. The decomposition pathways for used ligands and their prepared complexes through TGA were estimated and thermodynamic factors (ΔH*, A, Ea, ΔG* and ΔS*) were calculated employing (Horowitz-Metzger & Coats-Redfern). To identify the ideal molecular geometry of the tested compounds, DFT simulations were completed. To supplement the proposed structures, we estimated the (HOMO & LUMO) molecular orbitals as well as the MEP. The prepared compounds were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial and antitumor efficacy against numerous pathogens through the disc diffusion technique and MTT assays, respectively. The DPPH technique was applied to estimate the antioxidant efficacy in vitro. The data display that the prepared complexes are extremely active than free ligands. Moreover, CT-DNA binding performance of tested chelates with CT-DNA was tested using electronic spectroscopy, viscosity study and Agarose-gel electrophoresis. MOE-docking was applied to estimate the interactions among the studied complexes and the possible binding sites of (PDB ID = 5IJT; 3t88; 3gcw; 3cku) receptors. Finally, the Pd(II) mixed complex displays the higher biological performance according to both (in vitro and computational analysis).
Changes in the Lifestyle of Older Adults in Khoy during the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Sherzavani Azizeh , Jahangiry Leila , Akbari Hossein , Mohammadpoorasl Asghar
Published: January 2024

Background
The susceptibility of older adults to the detrimental effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has accentuated the need for comprehensive understanding and targeted interventions. While quarantine measures serve as a protective strategy against the spread of the disease, they concurrently instigate significant alterations in lifestyle among this demographic. This study aims to scrutinize the nuanced changes in the lifestyle of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic, providing valuable insights for the development of intervention programs geared towards enhancing the quality of life for this vulnerable group.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in January 2022 involving 337 older adults living in Khoy, West Azerbaijan, Iran. The recruitment of participants was carried out at public healthcare centers, employing a meticulous multi-stage sampling approach to ensure representative inclusion. The data collection process relied upon the utilization of the EHLC-COVID-19 questionnaire, a tool specifically developed by the University of Rome Tor Vergata. This questionnaire was designed to comprehensively capture and assess various aspects of the participants' experiences, behaviors, and lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic, providing a robust foundation for a nuanced analysis of the study's objectives.
Results
The average age of older adults was 69.9 ± 7.04 (range: 60–90) years, and 54.6% were females. Over a third (35%) of participants stated that their eating habits worsened during theCOVID-19 era. About 15% reported an increase in smoking, 22% reported a decrease in exercise frequency, and 12% reported a decline in sleep. The most commonly consumed food items included vegetables (59.6%) and fruits (54.0%), while the least common ones were sugars/sweeteners (31.8%) and carbonated drinks (31.5%).
Conclusion
In light of the discernible decline in the lifestyle of older adults in Khoy amidst the COVID-19 era, marked by an inclination towards a sedentary lifestyle, a modest adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and a surge in smoking habits, it becomes imperative to institute intervention programs aimed at enhancing the overall quality of life for this demographic. Proactive measures, encompassing health education, lifestyle modification initiatives, and support systems, can play a pivotal role in mitigating the adverse effects observed.
Changes in income inequality and its determinants in Pakistan: A disaggregated analysis
Authors: Mumtaz Jazib , Hussain Syed Irshad
Published: January 2024

Investigating the determinants of inequality is crucial for understanding the root causes of unequal distribution of resources and opportunities in society. It can help identify the factors that contribute to inequality, such as world or market forces, social norms, ownership of real and human capital, and the role of government. By understanding these factors, we can develop policies and interventions that address the root causes of inequality and promote greater equality and social justice. With respect to Pakistan, the available literature has estimated the effects of household’s characteristics and other determinants on income inequality at aggregate level in a single period of time. However, the policymakers and economists suggested that household characteristics must be analyzed at disaggregated level incorporating time variations to develop a more impactful policy framework. Without it, we will continue to have limited understanding of the peculiarities of family behavior and how they react to different policy initiatives. In this context, the current study assesses the determinants of income inequality over various years and change in income inequality over various years for urban and rural areas of Pakistan. The data has been taken from HIES 2001-02, 2007-08, 2013-14 and 2018-19 respectively. Fields decomposition analysis has been used to measure the changes in income inequality over the years in Pakistan for urban and rural areas. The results from the study revealed that gender, education, assets holding, occupation, and paid employment have a positive contribution to increasing income inequality. Whereas, social safety nets, access to utilities, and access to affordable housing have a negative contribution to income inequality. The results indicated clearly that policies have failed to provide social justice to the households due to a lack of opportunities and unequal distribution of income. Therefore, the fruits of high-income growth have been nullified due to the prevalence of income inequality among households.
Enhancing Satellite Images of FACSAT-1 through Generative Adversarial Networks for Super-Resolution
Authors: Zarate Paola , Arroyo Christian , López Jesús , Jiménez Jorge
Published: January 2024

Satellite images have diverse applications across scientific, commercial, and other domains. As a result, institutions are increasingly deploying Earth observation satellites to cater to their specific needs. This is the case of the Colombian Aerospace Force, which launched its nanosatellite, the FACSAT-1, to contribute to developing the space sector in Colombia. However, in some cases, captured images may need more quality and resolution for their intended purposes. Numerous image processing tools have been developed to enhance and optimize satellite imagery to address this challenge. Deep learning techniques, particularly Generative Adversarial Networks, have recently shown significant advancements in image processing. This paper investigates the widespread application of Generative Networks for satellite and aerial imagery, specifically focusing on super-resolution tasks. Super-resolution involves increasing the resolution of satellite images by up to four times their original size. The study presents the implementation and training of four different generative models and evaluates their performance using qualitative and quantitative measures. Two metrics, namely the maximum signal-to-noise ratio and the structural similarity index, are employed for comparative analysis. By assessing the output of each generative model, this research aims to determine their efficacy in enhancing satellite imagery resolution.
Research on the Analysis Method of Mental Fatigue in Medical Personnel Based on EEG Signals
Authors: Chen First Zelong , Zhang Second Zhenchang , Zhang zhanghuaiyong , Lin Third Shaowei , Li Third Xueding , Liu Third Haiyun
Published: January 2024

Study the correlation between the multi-scale entropy values of electroencephalo-gram (EEG) signals in medical personnel and the degree of mental fatigue, and analyze the detection of mental fatigue status in healthcare workers. Utilizing singular value analysis to eliminate noise in EEG signal data, calculating multi-scale entropy values of the original EEG signals, referencing the FS-4 fatigue scale, and analyzing entropy value stability; proposing three fatigue analysis algorithms?random forest, BP neural network, and XGBoost comparing them with traditional machine learning methods and artificial neural network methods , investigating the relationship between multi-scale entropy values of EEG 1 signals and fatigue in healthcare personnel, and analyzing the determination of mental fatigue status. This paper employs the multi-scale entropy method to extract multi-scale information from original EEG signals. The combination of multi-scale information with three fatigue analysis algorithms enables the detection and analysis of mental fatigue status in healthcare personnel. Experimental results indicate that the XGBoost algorithm exhibits the highest sensitivity at 75%, while the random forest algorithm demonstrates the best specificity at 80% and an AUC value of 95%. The random forest algorithm demonstrates superior performance in studying mental fatigue.
A Fused Multi-subfrequency Bands and CBAM SSVEP-BCI Classification Method Based on Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Lei Dongyang , Dong Chaoyi , Guo Hongfei , Ma Pengfei , Liu Huanzi , Bao Naqin , Kang Hongzhuo , Chen Xiaoyan , Wu Yi
Published: January 2024

For the brain-computer interface (BCI) system based on steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP), it is difficult to obtain satisfactory classification performance for short-time window SSVEP signals by traditional methods. In this paper, a fused multi-subfrequency bands and convolutional block attention module (CBAM) classification method based on convolutional neural network (CBAM-CNN) is proposed for discerning SSVEP-BCI tasks. This method extracts multi-subfrequency bands SSVEP signals as the initial input of the network model, and then carries out feature fusion on all feature inputs. In addition, CBAM is embedded in both parts of the initial input and feature fusion for adaptive feature refinement. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, this study uses the datasets of Inner Mongolia University of Technology (IMUT) and Tsinghua University (THU) to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The experimental results show that the highest accuracy of CBAM-CNN reaches 98.13%. Within 0.1s-2s time window, the accuracy of CBAM-CNN is 2.01%-16.17%, 2.54%-25.38%, 4.74%-48.85%, 5.40%-49.94%, and 12.76%-53.88% higher than that of CNN, CCA-CWT-SVM, CCA-SVM, CCA-GNB, and CCA, respectively. Especially in the short-time window range of 0.1s-1s, the performance advantage of CBAM-CNN is more significant. The maximum information transmission rate (ITR) of CBAM-CNN is 503.87bit/min, which is 227.53bit/min-503.41bit/min higher than the above five EEG decoding methods. Moreover, CBAM-CNN is 0.39% -16.17% higher than the typical CNN in terms of accuracy, recall, precision, and macro-F1 performance metrics. The study further results show that CBAM-CNN has potential application value in SSVEP decoding.
A priori estimates for solutions of g-Laplace type problems
Authors: Ceresa-Dussel Ignacio , Bonder Julian Fernandez , Silva Analia
Published: January 2024

In this work we study a priori bounds for weak solution to elliptic problems with nonstandard growth that involves the so-called $g-$Laplace operator. The $g-$Laplacian is a generalization of the $p-$Laplace operator that takes into account different behaviors than pure powers. The method to obtain this a priori estimates is the so called ''blow-up'' argument developed by Gidas and Spruck. Then we applied this a priori bounds to show some existence results for these problems.
2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. 35J20; 35J60.
Placental-derived mesenchymal stem cells improve ovarian folliculogenesis, imbalanced hormone levels, and metabolic parameters in an animal model of polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: Sarvestani Mojtaba , Rajabzadeh Alireza , Mazoochi Tahereh , Samimi Mansooreh , Navar Mohsen , Moradi Faezeh
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine and metabolic disturbance that affects many women worldwide and is characterized by chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and ovarian dysfunction. insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and liver dysfunction are perturbations induced by PCOS. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have recently emerged as a potential therapy for metabolic disorders such as PCOS due to their anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, proangiogenic, and proliferative properties. Placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PDMSCs) are derived from the placenta and have advantages over other sources of MSCs in terms of availability, safety, and immunomodulation.
Materials and Methods
In this experimental study, we assigned twenty female Wistar rats into four groups (n = 5): control, sham, PCOS, and PCOS-PDMSCs. We induced PCOS in the rats by administering letrozole for 21 days. PDMSCs (1 × 106 cells) were injected through the tail vein. Fourteen days after cell infusion, we evaluated the number of healthy follicles, corpus luteum, and cystic follicles, as well as the levels of testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, and insulin resistance. Moreover, we measured the serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Liver function was determined by evaluating aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels.
Results
The number of corpora luteum, primordial, primary, secondary, and antral follicles significantly elevated in the PCOS-PDMSCs group versus the PCOS group. The number of cystic follicles significantly decreased in the PCOS-PDMSCs group. LH and testosterone levels decreased significantly, while FSH levels increased significantly in the PCOS-PDMSCs group. Fasting blood glucose levels, fasting insulin levels, and insulin resistance notably decreased in the PCOS-PDMSCs group. The lipid profile improved in the PCOS-PDMSCs group with significant cholesterol, LDL, and TG decreases and an increase in HDL. The PCOS-PDMSCs group exhibited marked decreases in the AST and ALT levels.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that PDMSCs are a potential treatment option for PCOS because they can effectively restore folliculogenesis, correct hormonal imbalances, modify metabolic/lipid profiles, and alleviate liver dysfunction in a rat model of PCOS. However, further research is needed to establish the safety and effectiveness of PDMSCs for treating PCOS.
A study of the comparison of some laser beams spreading through human and mouse biological tissues
Authors: Nossir N. , Dalil-Essakali L. , Belafhal A.
Published: January 2024

Aiming at the Bessel higher-order cosh-Gaussian (BHoChG) beam and the Bessel higher-order sinh-Gaussian (BHoShG) beam, we investigate their propagation properties through turbulent biological tissues. In this respect, the analytical expression of the considered beams is obtained and developed, based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel integral. By numerical simulation, the intensity distributions of these beams for biological tissue types including intestinal epithelium and deep dermis of mouse in addition the human upper dermis versus the propagation distance as a function of the variations of the laser beam parameters. The obtained results indicate that the resistance of our beams against turbulent biological tissues increases as the source parameter increases counting the decentered parameter, the beam-order of the considered beams and the beam waist width. The findings show that the intensity distribution of the propagation of these beams occurs more quickly when they pass through the deep dermis of the mouse. The results presented in this paper are significant due to their potential application in determining the deterioration or disruption of biological tissue, medical imaging and medical diagnosis.
Enhancement of Thermal Efficiency on a Upstream Wedge Ribs Microchannel using Lattice Boltzmann Approach
Authors: Biswas Runu , Sohel Md. Nurunnabi , Akhi Fatema Amin , Rahman Md. Mahabubur , Khanom Afruza , Taher Mohammad Abu
Published: January 2024

Numerical analysis of flow friction and thermal performances in upstream wedge ribs microchannel at the slip flow condition has been intended in the current study employing a Thermal Lattice Boltzmann Method (TLBM). A D2Q9 single relaxation time TLBM is used to investigate and discuss the thermal-fluid flow behavior namely the streamlines in terms of velocity vectors, isotherms in terms of temperature profiles, pressure gradient as well as friction coefficient for different Knudsen numbers (Kn) ranging from 0.01~0.10 with ribs height 20% of channel height. Finally, the overall performance enhancement ratio is calculated for wedge ribs microchannel to compare with smooth one. The results have been compared with previously published works and are found a very good agreement and thus the model has been used to predict the heat transfer and friction factor in wedge ribs microchannel. In this study, it is illustrated that the vortices are strongly influenced and the strength of vortices are decreased as the Kn increases and hence the pressure gradient also responsible for changing the Knudsen number. The flow friction, the average rate of heat transfer as well mass flow linearly decreased with increasing Kn but compare to smooth channel, the friction is significantly increased and the heat transfer rate as well mass flow decreased for upstream wedge ribs microchannel. Finally, the performance enhancement (PE) namely the thermal efficiency are calculated and it is found that the PE decreased slightly with Kn for upstream wedge ribs microchannel. However, compare to smooth one, the lower PE identified in the present study.
Non-mass Lesions on Preoperative MRI in Breast Cancer: Clinical Implications and Prognostic Significance
Authors: Moon Joon Suk , Yoo Tae Kyung , Kim Jisun , Chung Il Yong , Ko Beom Seok , Kim Hee Jeong , Lee Jong Won , Son Byung Ho , Lee Sae Byul
Published: January 2024

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the clinical importance and prognostic value of non-mass lesions (NMLs) identified on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with breast cancer, with an emphasis on understanding how these lesions affect treatment decisions and survival outcomes.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 6,971 patients diagnosed with breast cancer who underwent surgery at Asan Medical Center, Seoul, between January 2000 and December 2021. Patients were categorized based on the presence or absence of NMLs on preoperative MRI. Various clinicopathological parameters were compared, and survival outcomes such as overall survival (OS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), regional recurrence-free survival (RFS), and local recurrence-free survival (LFS) were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression methods. Subgroup analyses were performed based on the type of surgery and the administration of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant radiation therapy.
Results
Of the total cohort, 21.9% (n = 1,524) had NMLs. The presence of NMLs was associated with a significant improvement in OS (P = 0.017) for the entire patient group. Multivariate analysis identified presence of NML as a favorable prognostic factor (hazard ratio: 0.47, 95% confidence intervals: 0.25–0.90, P = 0.022). Subgroup analyses demonstrated significantly improved OS, DMFS, and RFS outcomes for patients with NMLs who underwent mastectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Conclusion
NMLs on preoperative MRI in patients with breast cancer are associated with improved overall survival and serve as an independent prognostic factor. The findings of this study require further research to elucidate the underlying reasons for these outcomes.
DEM-LBM insights into unsteady grain-fluid collapses on a geotechnical centrifuge
Authors: Webb William , Turnbull Barbara , Leonardi Alessandro
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the dynamics of granular flows in geotechnical centrifuge models, focusing on the effects of centrifugal and Coriolis accelerations. While conventional laboratory-scale investigations often rely on Froude scaling, geotechnical centrifuge modelling offers a unique advantage in incorporating stress-dependent processes that fundamentally shape flow rheology and dynamics. Using the Discrete Element Method (DEM) and the Lattice-Boltzmann Method (LBM), we simulate the collapse of a just-saturated granular column within a rotating reference frame. The model’s accuracy is validated against expected trends and physical experiments, demonstrating its strong performance in replicating idealised collapse behaviour. Acceleration effects on both macro- and grain-scale dynamics are examined through phase front and coordination number analysis, providing insight on how centrifugal and Coriolis accelerations influence flow structure and mobility. This work enhances our understanding of granular flow dynamics in geotechnical centrifuge models by introducing an interstitial pore fluid and considering multiple factors that influence flow behaviour over a wide parameter space.
A Novel USP51 Variant in a Patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Epilepsy
Authors: Garg Ria
Published: January 2024

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social communication and repetitive behaviors. The genetic basis of ASD is complex and involves both rare variants with large effect sizes and common variants with small effect sizes.
Case presentation: This case report describes a 19-year-old male with ASD, intellectual disability, absent speech, and epilepsy. Molecular testing revealed a novel maternally inherited variant in the USP51 gene, which encodes Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 51, a deubiquitinating enzyme involved in DNA damage response. Based on current knowledge, the variant is predicted to result in a truncated protein and is considered a Variant of Uncertain Significance (VUS).
Conclusions: The USP51 gene has been implicated in neurodevelopment, and its role in the developing brain suggests its potential relevance to ASD. Further studies are needed to establish the association of USP51 variants with ASD and elucidate the full phenotypic spectrum associated with these variants.
Directional patterns of the acoustic antenna based on two spatially separated phased antenna arrays
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Krasnenko Nikolay P. , Rakov Denis S. ,   Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rakov Alexander S. ,   Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2024

The article presents the results of research and development of the characteristics of the radiation patterns of acoustic antenna systems (linear arrays), consisting of two flat antenna arrays. Their special feature is a large distance between the elements. It is shown that in the near field zone, the directional pattern of the linear system is close to the array factor for the given system. In the far field zone, the directional pattern, in addition to the main lobe, has other (additional) diffraction lobes that depend on the distance and directional characteristics of the system elements. The total number of lobes in the directional pattern of the system has been found. To obtain an acceptable directivity pattern, it is necessary to choose the distance between the elements taking into account the directivity patterns of its elements. The technical characteristics of the developed linear systems are given.
Повышение точности построения карт глубин пространства в активно-импульсной телевизионной измерительной системе с использованием цифровой фильтрации изображений
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Tislenko Alexey A.
Published: January 2024

A study was carried out to improve the accuracy of maps generation for spatial depths in an active-pulse television measuring system built on the basis of an image intensifier, when processing the output images of the system with a Gaussian filter, a median filter and a 3D filter. A comparative assessment of the quality of the resulting images and an assessment of the range measurement were carried out. It is shown that the use of Gaussian filtering provides one of the highest efficiencies of noise suppression on images obtained by an active-pulse television measuring system built on the basis of an image intensifier, and thereby makes it possible to generate maps of spatial depths with the highest accuracy when using the result of finding the measuring functions using the approximation method. The achieved parameters of the system under consideration include the accuracy of constructing spatial depth maps, which is equal to 4.5 cm.
Approach to the assessment of the storage ability period of electronic components in airborne equipment as applied to the specified model of external impact factors
Authors:   FRPC JSC RPA Mars, Belova Lilia I.
Published: January 2024

The article deals with challenges arising from the application of electronic components in airborne electronic hardware, which are in the standby / storage mode and de-energized most of the time when not in use, as well they are regularly checked for the proper functioning. The article also discusses some possible solutions to these problems. A technique for assessing storage ability indicators is proposed based on the electronic component properties characterization for the standby / storage mode. The technique is implemented on mathematical models using the activation energy values of the physical-chemical degradation process parameters of the electronic components in airborne equipment. The application of mathematical models addressed to solve the denoted problems can allow author to predict the dependability of electronic products. Some calculations and a comparative analysis of values of all parameters characterized the shortest storage ability period at higher temperature are presented for several groups of electronic components in airborne equipment
Methods for data mining and natural language processing in the management of robotic production systems
Authors:   ITMO University, Vorobeva Alisa A. , Fedosenko Maksim Yu. ,   ITMO University
Published: January 2024

The paper presents a comparative analysis of natural language processing and data mining methods used in data processing in the industrial robotic systems. A concept for implementing the process of integrating artificial intelligence methods into production management systems has been developed, and the necessary components have been described. The focus is on the use of natural language processing methods. The work could be useful for conducting experimental research in the field of application of natural language processing and artificial intelligence methods in robotic production systems.
Characterisation of Ore Properties for Geometallurgy
Authors: Butcher Alan R. , Dehaine Quentin , Menzies Andrew H. , Michaux Simon P.
Published: January 2024

The successful implementation of geometallurgy largely depends on the continuous collection of high-quality, multi-scale, multi-dimensional quantitative data on the geology, geochemistry, mineralogy, texture, and physical properties of an orebody. This can then be used to build and improve, amongst other things, ore deposit models, comminution strategies, waste management, and downstream mineral processing and extractive metallurgy routes. The present contribution provides a brief overview of the key types of data collected, and analytical techniques used, in geometallurgical programs. It also highlights important developments that are currently underway, which may generate a significant impact in the near future.
A Study on the Tea Culture of the Royal Family in the Early Joseon Dynasty: Focusing on the Royal Tea Ceremony
Authors:   Association for International Tea Culture, Lee Jin-su
Published: January 2024

In the early Joseon Dynasty, the prosperous tea culture of the Goryeo Dynasty was also influenced by the changing circumstances of the times and the policy of suppressing Buddhism and Buddhism, showing different characteristics. It was an important period when the royal tea ceremony was developed and the foundation for the royal tea culture was laid. In the royal family, the tea culture of Joseon continued due to the development of tea ceremony, and the Shinjinsadaebu and Confucian scholars continued the tradition of tea culture through their tea lives. The prosperous tea style centered on the temples of the Goryeo Dynasty began to change into a tea ceremony for the royal family to greet rituals or envoys of the Joseon Dynasty. The prosperous tea culture centered on temples in the Goryeo Dynasty began to change into a ritual for the Joseon royal family or a tea ceremony for an envoy. In the early Joseon Dynasty, the tea culture of the royal family developed around royal tea ceremonies such as Judaerye(주다례), Byeoldaerye(별다례), and envoy receptional tea ceremony. Judaerye and Byeoldaerye were held, laying the foundation for the ritual. The ritual to greet the envoy recorded in “National Jogye-ryeui” included a welcome tea ceremony. Through this, it can be seen that the royal tea ceremony was established as an important ritual of the country.