bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Item Analysis of English Final Semester Test
Authors: Maharani Amalia Vidya , Putro Nur Hidayanto Pancoro Setyo
Published: December 2020

Numerous studies have been conducted on the item test analysis in English test. However, investigation on the characteristics of a good test of English final semester test is still rare in several districts in East Java. This research sought to examine the quality of the English final semester test in the academic year of 2018/2019 in Ponorogo. A total of 151 samples in the form of students’ answers to the test were analysed based on item difficulty, item discrimination, and distractors’ effectiveness using Quest program. This descriptive quantitative research revealed that the test does not have good proportion among easy, medium, and difficult item. In the item discrimination, the test had 39 excellent items (97.5%) which meant that the test could discriminate among high and low achievers. Besides, the distractors could distract students since there were 32 items (80%) that had effective distractors. The findings of this research provided insights that item analysis became important process in constructing test. It related to find the quality of the test that directly affects the accuracy of students’ score.
Writing Error Analysis in Exposition Text of the EFL Junior High School Students
Authors: Fauzan Umar , Aulya Sapna Farah , Noor Widya Noviana
Published: December 2020

The objective of this research was to understand the writing error of eleventh-grade students of SMA Negeri 4 Samarinda. The descriptive qualitative method was used to examine the written exposition text made by 15 students. The data was collected from the participants’ writing on exposition text and analyzed based on the errors’ categorization. The result showed that there are 16 categories of errors found in the data. They were punctuation, missing word, capitalization, subject-verb agreement, pronoun agreement, spelling, singular or plural, unnecessary word, wrong word form, wrong word, wrong order, fragment, preposition, conjunction, article, and need-further support error. The error factors were intralingua transfer, interlingua transfer, and students’ lack of knowledge about writing.
Cystic tumor of the atrioventricular node
Authors: Giuliano Katherine , Scully Brandi , Etchill Eric , Lawton Jennifer
Published: December 2020

We present a case of a 71-year-old female with complete heart block and an incidentally found atrioventricular nodal inclusion cyst.
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF WHITEFLY BY SPECIES OF LADYBUG Delphastus spp.
Authors: Giraldi Greissi Tente , Guerreiro Julio César , Parron Augusto Cawana , Ferreira Alves Pessoa Thainara , Dos Santos Luiz Gustavo , Martins das Silva Paulo Henrique , Ferrari Diogo , De Souza da Silva Keli
Published: December 2020

Whitefly complex is one of the most severe pests affecting different crops of significant agricultural interest. It causes critical damage to plants, and hence considerably affect crop productivity and the related commercials. This insect has been managed using insecticides; however, there have been reports of resistance of this insecticide to various active ingredients, making it difficult to reduce this pest’s population. Hence, other ways of handling this insect population have been investigated, including through biological control. Several past studies have reported the existence of natural enemies of the whitefly, including coccinellids such as those belonging to the genus Delphastus have gained much attention. These coccinellids are predators and hence perform the important role of controlling pest population. Moreover, the whitefly is a staple food in certain diets.
Attitude Towards the First Language and Its Effects on First Language Lexical Attrition
Authors: KASAP Suleyman
Published: December 2020

This paper presents an investigation into the relationship between individuals’ attitudes towards their mother tongue and lexical attrition. The paper is based on data from a study wherein 10 Kurdish-Turkish bilinguals were asked to narrate a well-known story in their mother tongue of Kurdish. These individuals were selected from among 104 participants according to their score on the Mother Tongue Attitude Scale (MTAS), a scale used to determine attitude towards mother tongue. In this study, quantitative and qualitative research methods were used together. The participants were asked to tell a story in Kurdish to assess their use of Turkish words while doing so. Additionally, the participants were also asked to evaluate their Kurdish speaking ability after telling the story. The results of the study showed participants with a low MTAS score resorted to borrowing more Turkish words and were able to access a smaller number of Kurdish words than the participants with higher MTAS scores and they suffered more from lexical attrition than their counterparts. Those with high MTAS scores, with a positive attitude towards their mother tongue, used smaller numbers of words borrowed from Turkish and had access to a richer lexicon with which to narrate the story.
The Role of Big Business in the Development of Territories (Illustrated by Steel-Making Corporations of Russia)
Authors: Malyshev M. K.
Published: December 2020

The author tries to investigate the role of ferrous metallurgy in the regional development. From 2012 to 2019 steelmaking works of the Vologda region (‘Severstal’), Chelyabinsk region (‘MMK’) and Lipetsk region (‘NLMK’) increased the volume of steel production by 12.1, 1.8 and 5.3%, respectively. These enterprises play a dominant role in shaping profit tax in these regions, especially ‘NLMK’, whose average specific weigh of the profit tax in its total amount in the Lipetsk region made up 57.9%. Analysis of steel-making works’ settlements with the budget system of the Russian Federation showed a growth in tax receipts both to the budget of the region and to the federal budget. It can be explained by the fact that besides a twofold rise in earnings is a serious amount of profit before taxation obtained by the company within the period from 2016 to 2019. These steel-making works provide jobs for more than 100,000 people. All these companies are socially responsible, which includes such goals as health protection and creation of comfortable conditions for workers, safeguarding ecological situation in the region and resource-saving, participation in social projects, such as construction of sport facilities, financing of cultural and educational events. Key findings of the research could be useful for decision-makers in the field of effective interaction of big business and bodies of power.
Managing the Quality of Concentrated Kissels for Professional Nutrition
Authors: Sokolov A. Yu. , Akimova N. A.
Published: December 2020

The article studies criteria of managing the quality of kissels for professional nutrition: organoleptic factors, structure and properties of dehydrated packed half-finished products for making functional drinks and desserts (kissels with various taste-aromatic features). Taking into account the problem of healthy nutrition, including production of vitaminous food the authors underline the importance of functional properties, which are stipulated by inclusion of vitamin preparations or composites that are resistant to thermal treatment. The authors studied certain indicators of quality – sensory and rheological ones as the most sensitive to technological factors. After analyzing theoretical aspects of managing the quality of products and experimental data recommendations were prepared for using the product in nutrition of social contingents, workers of enterprises with harmful working conditions, lecturers and students of higher education institutions. The methods can be applied in technological monitoring of quality of catering products. Desserts and vitaminous (functional) drinks can be sold in a traditional way or by vending machines.
Specific Features of Russian Economy Development on the Current Stage
Authors: Kochurova L. I. , Kharlampenkov E. I. , Kleshchevskiy Yu. N. , Engel S. L. , Andreev V. V.
Published: December 2020

The article studies the current economic situation in Russia: problems of economy development, the role of stateowned corporations and small and medium business in economy, problems of their interaction and key lines in development in the near future. The structure of domestic product of the country was described, as well as the role of certain industries of business in its formation. The chief goal of state is to re-orientate from resource-mining to resource – processing, which complies with the concept of added value and shall ensure the sustainable development of economic growth. The authors come to the conclusion that only interaction of big, medium and small business in the country can provide certain success in development, that human factor, interest of workers in results of enterprise work can become a decisive factor on the current stage. Key vectors of economy development in Russia have been identified. It was underlined that state must become an important regulator of market processes in the country. Today Russia must choose its future strategy: it can be either an inertial way of neo-liberal reforms and degrading of scientific potential or mobilization of intellectual resources to restructure economy on principles of developed market with the leading role of state.
Człowieczeństwo, sprawczość i troska transcendentna
Authors: Wysocki Ks. Artur
Published: December 2020

Celem artykułu jest rozważenie zasadności włączenia troski transcendentnej do zestawu trosk podstawowych w życiu człowieka, tak jak je rozumie Margaret S. Archer. Omówiono rozumienie tej troski w tekstach brytyjskiej socjolog, a następnie scharakteryzowano proponowane przez autora poszerzone jej rozumienie. Znaczenie troski transcendentnej dla człowieka i życia społecznego przedstawiono krótko poprzez ukazanie jej wpływu na sprawczość człowieka. Opisano także relacje między troskami ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem miejsca troski transcendentnej. Poczynione rozważania prowadzą do ostatecznego przyznania tej trosce miejsca wśród podstawowych trosk człowieka, mających charakter uniwersalny.
Hazard jako fakt społeczny (współczesne odsłony)
Authors: Gontarz Marta
Published: December 2020

W artykule przedstawiono hazard jako fakt i zjawisko społeczne w odniesieniu do koncepcji faktu społecznego Emila Durkheima. Omówiono wybrane definicje hazardu, jego różne rodzaje, tj. hazard rekreacyjny, ryzykowny, problemowy i patologiczny, wskazując różnice pomiędzy grą a hazardem. Na podstawie dostępnych badań scharakteryzowano styl życia i typowe zachowania osób uzależnionych od hazardu oraz współuzależnionych. Tytułowe zagadnienie ukazano w kontekście filozofii Georga Simmla, który twierdził, że w nowoczesnych społeczeństwach pieniądz stał się jedną z najważniejszych przyczyn alienacji jednostek.
Safety and Efficacy of Convalescent Plasma Therapy for the Management of COVID-19: A Systematic Review
Authors: Khadka Sitaram , Saleem Mohammad , Shrestha Dhan Bahadur , Budhathoki Pravash
Published: December 2020

Introduction:

Till date, no proven therapy exists for coronavirus disease (COVID-19),
though different types of treatment modalities are being practiced around the world. Different
studies regarding Convalescent Plasma (CP) therapy from COVID-19 recovered donors have
shown favorable results with fewer adverse consequences. In this systematic review, we aimed to
determine the safety and efficacy of CP as a therapy for COVID-19.

Methods and Materials:

The English language databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect
were searched up to 22 May 2020. Eligibility for inclusion, risk of bias assessment, and
data extraction from the included studies were determined and a narrative synthesis was conducted.

Results:

A total of 12 studies were selected for review. The overall risks of bias were moderate to
high. The results revealed significance in the initiation of CP therapy during the early stages of
viremia from a safety and efficacy viewpoint. The patients also received concomitant drugs and
other supportive therapies in most cases. Some cases of mortality were reported in 3 studies. Viral
loads were documented to decrease and become negative in 8 studies within 3-26 days post-transfusion.
The improvement in clinical symptoms following CP therapy was demonstrated in 9 studies.
Most of the patients experienced very few adverse effects.

Conclusions:

The rational practice of CP therapy based on a risk-benefit judgment can prove to be
an efficacious therapeutic option as a last resort until the approval of any therapeutic and/or prophylactic
agent(s). The substantial randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are necessary to validate the effectiveness
of such therapy.
Phenomenology studies in junior high school students' enthusiasm in social studies learning in Universitas Malang Laboratorium, Indonesia
Authors: Wijanarko Heru
Published: December 2020

Social science is a common subject given at every level of education. The Social Sciences junior high school curriculum is taught in an integrated manner to facilitate students' social science learning that is important in everyday life. Unfortunately, there are many obstacles encountered in social studies in practice, one of which is the lack of interest and enthusiasm of students in learning social studies. It makes students unable to grasp the importance of social studies. This research conduct on students and teachers of the Junior High School Laboratory State University of Malang. This study aims to analyze non-enthusiasm students in social classes learning. This research conduct using descriptive methods with survey research. Data collection techniques used are observation, interview, and documentation data collection tools in observation guidelines and interview guidelines. This study's informants were 17 students taken at each grade level and supported by three informants from social studies teachers who were selected purposes study indicates that UM Lab junior high school students' unenthusiastic behavior when learning social studies is reading comics, singing, drawing, chatting, and joking with friends. The factors that cause it are the amount of material and assignments in modules that must be memorized and memorized. Students are dizzy and confused. It has an impact on their understanding, which is less related to social studies material.
PELIYANAN TERHADAP PEREMPUAN DUNIA KETIGA PADA RUANG SEKSUAL DALAM NOVEL PLATEFORME KARYA MICHEL HOUELLEBECQ
Authors: Taqiyya Kafana Fityah Kayla , Udasmoro Wening , Firmonasari Aprilia
Published: December 2020

Peliyanan merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang kerap muncul di dalam sebuah novel. Pada novel Prancis berjudul Plateforme karya Michel Houellebecq, peliyanan tidak hanya terjadi di ruang publik seperti pada umumnya, namun juga pada ruang privat, yakni ruang seksual. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan membahas bentuk-bentuk peliyanan pada ruang seksual yang terjadi di dalam novel Plateforme sehingga memisahkan Dunia Pertama dengan Dunia Ketiga. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis isi cerita. Aspek-aspek isi cerita yang dilihat difokuskan pada aspek-aspek peliyanan yang terdapat di dalam novel. Cara koleksi data dilakukan dengan menyeleksi kata, kalimat dan paragraf yang memuat aspek peliyanan tersebut. Data dimasukkan di dalam tabel data yang berisi aspek peliyanan secara umum. Data pada tabel data pertama yang terkumpul selanjutnya diidentifikasi dan dikategorisasi sesuai dengan bentuk peliyanannya masing-masing. Data yang telah dikategorisasi tersebut kemudian dianalisis dengan didialogkan dengan konsep subaltern dari Gayatri C. Spivak. Analisis terhadap data menghasilkan temuan bahwa terjadi tiga bentuk peliyanan pada ruang seksual di dalam novel Plateforme. Tiga bentuk tersebut adalah pertama objektivikasi terhadap perempuan, kedua adalah pembungkaman suara perempuan dan ketiga adalah eksploitasi terhadap tubuh perempuan Dunia Ketiga. Kata Kunci: Peliyanan, Subaltern, Ruang Seksual, Pascakolonial THE OTHERING TO THIRD WORLD WOMWEN IN SEXUAL SPACE IN PLATEFORME NOVEL’S BY MICHEL HOUELLEBECQAbstractOne of the most issues addressed in a novel is othering. In a French novel titled Plateforme by Michel Houellebecq, othering is not only happening in the public space, but also in the very private space, the sexual or intimate space. This article attempts to describe and reveal the forms of othering in the sexual space of Plateforme that separates the First World from the Third World. This research uses the story content analysis as a method. The aspects of the stories are focussed on the othering process in the novel. The data are collected from the novel based on the wordings, sentences and paragraphes containing the othering aspects. The date are listed in the table that contains general aspects of othering process. The data collected are then categorized according to each form of othering. The categorized data are then analyzed using the subaltern theory of Gayatri C. Spivak. The result reveals three forms of othering in Plateforme. Those three forms of othering are objectification, silencing attempt through representation and the exploitation of Third World women’s body. Keywords: Othering, Subaltern, Sexual Space, Postcolonialism
Using General-purpose Sentiment Lexicons for Suicide Risk Assessment in Electronic Health Records: Corpus-Based Analysis
Authors: Bittar André , Velupillai Sumithra , Roberts Angus , Dutta Rina
Published: December 2020

Background

Suicide is a serious public health issue, accounting for 1.4% of all deaths worldwide. Current risk assessment tools are reported as performing little better than chance in predicting suicide. New methods for studying dynamic features in electronic health records (EHRs) are being increasingly explored. One avenue of research involves using sentiment analysis to examine clinicians’ subjective judgments when reporting on patients. Several recent studies have used general-purpose sentiment analysis tools to automatically identify negative and positive words within EHRs to test correlations between sentiment extracted from the texts and specific medical outcomes (eg, risk of suicide or in-hospital mortality). However, little attention has been paid to analyzing the specific words identified by general-purpose sentiment lexicons when applied to EHR corpora.

Objective

This study aims to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the coverage of six general-purpose sentiment lexicons against a corpus of EHR texts to ascertain the extent to which such lexical resources are fit for use in suicide risk assessment.

Methods

The data for this study were a corpus of 198,451 EHR texts made up of two subcorpora drawn from a 1:4 case-control study comparing clinical notes written over the period leading up to a suicide attempt (cases, n=2913) with those not preceding such an attempt (controls, n=14,727). We calculated word frequency distributions within each subcorpus to identify representative keywords for both the case and control subcorpora. We quantified the relative coverage of the 6 lexicons with respect to this list of representative keywords in terms of weighted precision, recall, and F score.

Results

The six lexicons achieved reasonable precision (0.53-0.68) but very low recall (0.04-0.36). Many of the most representative keywords in the suicide-related (case) subcorpus were not identified by any of the lexicons. The sentiment-bearing status of these keywords for this use case is thus doubtful.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that these 6 sentiment lexicons are not optimal for use in suicide risk assessment. We propose a set of guidelines for the creation of more suitable lexical resources for distinguishing suicide-related from non–suicide-related EHR texts.
Balaguer al desnudo en el cuento El oidor, de Efraím Castillo
Authors: García Polanco Patricio
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo constituye un estudio del cuento El oidor de Efraím Castillo, en el que, a través del análisis crítico y la revisión bibliográfica, se pretende establecer la estrecha relación que hay entre el personaje literario que lo protagoniza (el oidor) y el personaje histórico que lo inspiró (Joaquín Balaguer). Recurriendo a datos históricos, así como a otros textos literarios y críticos, se compara la personalidad del ente del relato con el ser concreto que vivió y ejerció la actividad política, y se subraya el acierto del autor al recrear rasgos típicos de la personalidad del caudillo. El trabajo destaca que tanto en la realidad social como en la ficción de Castillo el personaje sobresale por uno de sus rasgos más característicos: la no aceptación de la disidencia, de ahí que la intolerancia constituya uno de los comportamientos típicos en el accionar del oidor (personaje ficcional) y de Joaquín Balaguer (personaje real). Al final, como resultado de esas comparaciones, se concluye que, efectivamente, hay un vínculo directo, identificable, entre el personaje textual, el oidor, y la persona real que lo inspira, el caudillo político y escritor Joaquín Balaguer.
El humor en los dominicanos como pretexto del trauma cultural de la colonización
Authors: Liranzo Patricia
Published: December 2020

En este articulo de reflexión se plantea que el humor en los dominicanos se ha convertido en una defensa patológica que permanece como una barrera que impide integrar las experiencias traumáticas, como fue la colonización. El enfoque es cualitativo con un diseño documental de tipo bibliográfico y argumentativo. La colonización significó un acontecimiento traumático que alteró la vida de los pueblos originarios con experiencias colectivas de abuso, muertes, malos tratos, trabajo forzado, hambrunas, epidemias, guerras, suicidios, un sistema esclavista despiadado y la pérdida cultural. La colonización se manifiesta como una herida enmascarada del trauma cultural que se afronta desde lo inconsciente a través de la figura del Trickster personaje universal que representa lo cómico. El Trickster dominicano, como figura daimónica, se polariza en la sombra, convirtiéndose en persecutor por medio del humor agresivo, que se manifiesta como una defensa inconsciente que pretende menospreciar y ridiculizar al otro. Este humor agresivo, espasmódico y seco es una forma de control compulsivo que se conoce como relajo. Es un Trickster que expresa la invisibilización de los grupos originarios, la desdicha de la herencia española, la tristeza del negro esclavo y todo el sufrimiento a posteriori de la colonización en una mezcla racial y cultural parcialmente incorporada. El relajo del dominicano es una defensa inconsciente, que mantiene la estructura del trauma, por tanto, la fragmentación polarizada del self individual y colectivo, que no se integra a la vida consciente por lo tanto perdura como una continua disculpa del trauma histórico y cultural de la colonización.
Russia’s Tatars in the stationary trade of Petropavlovsk in the second half of the 18th – early 20th centuries
Authors:   Bugulma branch of V.G. Timiryasov Kazan Innovation University, Gibadullina Elza M.
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the role of Tatars mobilized by the Russian Empire’s government in the process of economic development of the Kazakh steppe and spreading the experience of organizing stationary forms of trade there. The author points out the importance of socio-cultural closeness between identities of Kazakhs and Tatars, that allowed the latter to succeed in outbound periodic trade in auls. Such type of distribution became a mandatory element of stationary trade due to the nomadic type of the local population’s economy. The article highlights the ability of Tatars to select high-demand goods for sale, create and maintain trade relations. The author draws a conclusion that Tatars became active participants in the process of forming a stationary trade network and the city infrastructure of Petropavlovsk.
The Republic of Tatarstan in the conditions of 2000s economic crises: strategies and results of the measures taken by the local government
Authors:   Sh. Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Garayeva Alsu M.
Published: December 2020

The article assigns an objective to identify the particular aspects of the actions taken by the government of the Republic of Tatarstan to solve the problems of the socio-economic creses of the 2000s. A special attention is given to the analysis of the current situation in the region in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and some acute phenomena in the republic's economy in the second quarter of 2020. At the time under discussion, society showed demand in quick and timely socio-economic support from the state. A package of federal measures is being adopted to render assistance to various market participants. The Center provided opportunities for the regions to make decisions based on the local situation, which allowed them to take independent steps in this direction. Such mechanism was not applied during the crises of 2008 and 2015, while the measures of that time were not as transparent as today. To compare the strategies of the Tatarstan Government aimed at stabilizing the socio-economic situation in the republic in the context of the three crises, the article refers to documents for the period of 2009–2020, which are publicly available on the website of the Ministry of Economy of the Republic, and the data of the socio-economic situation in Tatarstan from the Federal State Statistics Service for 2019–2020.
Jadidist schools in Turkestan and Tatars (based on materials of the Tatar and Uzbek press of early 20th century)
Authors:   Sh. Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Murtazina Lyalya R.
Published: December 2020

The article highlights contribution of Tatar teachers in organizing Jadidist schools and educating children of the local peoples in Turkestan. Opinions of scientists of the early twentieth century, the Soviet period, and also modern researchers on this problem are presented. Based on the materials from newspapers and magazines of the early 20th century in the Tatar and Uzbek languages, the article highlights the history of the opening of certain schools and their activities. The issues of the the local population representatives’ attitide to the work of Tatar teachers are revealed. In addition, the role and influence of Tatar teachers and their textbooks on publishing educational literature written in the Turkestan peoples’ languages is also emphasized.
Sufficient conditions for the existence of solutions for boundary value problems for fractional differential equations
Authors: Dogan Abdulkadir
Published: December 2020

In this article, we set up adequate circumstances for the existence of
solutions for boundary value problems of fractional differential
equations including the Caputo fractional derivative and nonlocal
conditions.
Would an Improved Information Environment of a Less Regulated OTC Market Benefit Blue-Chip Foreign Firms? Evidence from the OTCQX International Market
Authors: Kim Martin M. , Lin Steve , Yang Liu (Leo)
Published: December 2020

This study examines whether an improved information environment in the OTCQX International market (hereafter QX market) benefits blue-chip foreign private issuers (FPIs). We find that around 600 FPIs traded their stocks in the QX market during 2007–2016, and they are financially better than their home-country counterparts. We also find approximately 6 percent abnormal return around the cross-listing days. Moreover, FPIs with higher financial reporting transparency (i.e., lower earnings smoothness and preparing financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards) experience more pronounced abnormal returns and liquidity improvement around cross-listing. Further analysis shows the market premium of cross-listing on the QX market is not attributed to the bonding effect. Our results highlight the importance of the information environment of a less regulated OTC market in benefiting large and established FPIs, which should be of interest to regulators, investors, and foreign firms intended to access less regulated U.S. markets.
Anaesthetic Considerations in Patients with Cutis Laxa: Our Experience
Authors: K. Dr Sheetal , R. Dr Nandini , R. Dr Chandrika Y.
Published: December 2020

Cutis laxa is a rare, inherited or acquired connective tissue disorder. It is characterized by loose, inelastic skin and various systemic involvements. Cutis laxa type III, described as de Barsy syndrome presents with ophthalmic opacification, skeletal involvement, cardiovascular involvement, mental and growth retardation. Intraoperative hyperthermia of the non-malignant variety with tachycardia is seen in 10% cases of cutis laxa type III. Given the rarity of cutis laxa syndrome, all cases require core and peripheral temperature monitoring.
Indirect Restorative Materials and Techniques Selection and Used by General Dentists in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Tarek Yasmine , AlDeghaishem Nawar , AlNassar Raghad , AlKhamsan Alaa , Alzahrani Khames T.
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Dentistry is a highly commercialized profession, constantly changing with many new technologies, techniques, and dental materials. Patients suffering from dental decay and missing teeth would like to have their teeth replaced with the most aesthetically appealing and long-lasting material and technique possible and general dental practitioners provide a significant number of indirect restorations and fixed prostheses and the following are the most commonly used categories of indirect restorations in dental practice Inlays, Onlays, Veneers and Single crowns. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the use and selection of dental material used in indirect restorations by general dental practitioners in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional study based on a survey, validated questionnaires by Brunton Paul in the United Kingdom. The sample size was estimated using the Qualtrics calculator with a confidence level of 95% and a margin of error of 5%; a sample size of 226 collected from March 2020 to May. Data was entered on the computer using the “Microsoft Office Excel Software” program (2016) for Mac. Data was transferred to the Statistical Package of Statistical Science Software (SPSS) program, version 20 (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) Pearson Chi-Square and Fisher’s Exact test we used to statistically analyzed. Results: A total of 226 participants, over half the participants, were females (53.3%). The majority were Saudi nationals (91.2%) and had 1-10 years of practice since graduation (62.2%, n=140). Just under half work in private sector (47.6%) and most of the participants reported material of choice for tooth-colored Inlays and Onlays and a case with anterior veneers is laboratory fabricated porcelain (56.2%) and (45.6%) respectively. The material of choice for core build-ups in vital teeth is a light-cured composite resin in 77.4% of cases and impression materials used are addition-cured silicones in 61.9% of cases. Conclusion: Our community needs more education about oral health and indications of esthetic dental treatments and their side effects. Also, we need to increase patients’ awareness of the importance of proper treatment planning and more conservative treatment options.
Neurological Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erytematosus
Authors: F. J. Hernández Ramos, , F. J. Hernández Chamorro, , M. Medina Rodríguez, , A. Palomino García, , M.D. Jiménez Hernández,
Published: December 2020

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the prototype of autoimmune disease with multisystemic damage capacity. Its diagnosis is based on clinical and immune criteria, which have been recently updated by EULAR/ACR, making positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA) a necessary part of the diagnosis criteria. Those criteria are responsible for the decrease in the neurological manifestations, in comparison with the former criteria.
Eighty seven LES patient’s retrospective hospital sample. Sociodemographic variables, autoimmune family history, years of evolution, diagnosis, antibodies, neurological clinic, image tests, electroencephalography and cerebrospinal fluid, treatment and obtained score according to EULAR/ACR criteria are being analysed.
Seventy  patients and seventeen with other diagnosis are obtained, where 84.3% are women with an average age of 44.64 years, no autoimmune family history in 54.70% of the cases, an average of 15.3 years of evolution, 100% of ANA and 75% antiDNA positives. Headache, seizures, strokes and cognitive impairment  are the most common neurological manifestations. 78.6% of them lack an image test, where steroids are the most used immunosuppressor (58.24%), followed by hydroxychloroquine (48.6%).
The frequency of the discussed neurological manifestations is similar to the one present in current literature, having cognitive decline a low prevalence. Our sample’s neurological manifestations lack of statistical significance for SLE diagnosis, being anti-DNA antibodies are crucial for it. We suggest that a prospective study with less years of evolution, widening the neurological manifestations and having anti-DNA antibodies as entry criterion, can increase statistical significance.
Iron deficiency anemia – new possibilities of iron supplementation in various clinical conditions
Authors: Michalak Sylwia Sulimiera
Published: December 2020

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) treatment is done to eliminate the causes of iron deficiency, iron supplementation, and rarely red blood cell transfusion. Divalent iron salts are the first line of oral treatment, but their use lead to frequent gastrointestinal adverse reactions. Iron is administered intravenously in the event of contraindications, intolerance, or inefficiency of oral therapy, but the parenteral route of drug delivery is not easily accepted by the patients. Intravenous preparations for single administration of a large dose of iron have a good therapy safety profile, but are more expensive than oral and are usually administered in a hospital setting. The availability of new iron compounds: sucrosomial iron, ferric citrate complexes, and ferric maltol widen the possibilities of IDA therapy and enable the better selection of iron preparations in various clinical situations. The innovative structure of sucrosomial iron leads to absorption in different ways (through endocytosis, the paracellular pathway, M cells of Peyer's patches), ensures high bioavailability, and good tolerance of therapy. Ferric citrate, in addition to iron supplementation, reduces phosphate levels, and is beneficial to chronic kidney disease. Ferric maltol is currently being studied for IDA treatment with various comorbidities. Some studies indicate that new iron formulas may be used where intravenous intake has been recommended so far. So, we can expect treatment with iron nanoparticles and drugs that affect the intestinal microflora in the future. The paper presents current knowledge about new iron preparations that are already available in everyday practice, but also those that are at various stages of pre-clinical and clinical studies.
First familial cases of type 2 congenital erythrocytosis (ECYT2) with a Chuvash pathogenic variant in VHL gene in Poland: example of the clinical utility of next-generation sequencing in diagnostics of orphan diseases
Authors: Pepek Monika , Bal Wioletta , Radwanska Monika , Machnicki Marcin M. , Kurkowiak Malgorzata , Rydzanicz Malgorzata , Pollak Agnieszka , Stawinski Piotr , Ploski Rafal , Chaber Radoslaw , Stoklosa Tomasz
Published: December 2020

In this article, we report familial cases of type 2 congenital erythrocytosis (ECYT2) in two siblings, a 2-year-old boy and his younger sister. Both patients were diagnosed based on laboratory findings including erythrocytosis, elevated hemoglobin levels, and hematocrit. Acquired erythrocytosis was excluded based on the clinical features and genetic analysis of JAK2/CALR/MPL genes. Next-generation sequencing was employed for older brother revealing NM_000551.4: c.598C>T, p.Arg200Trp homozygous variant in the VHL gene, the similar variant was detected in the younger sibling. Sequencing analysis confirmed the VHL c.598C>T heterozygous variant in both parents. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first confirmed cases of familial erythrocytosis type 2, also known as Chuvash type, in Poland.
Eltrombopag use in chronic immune thrombocytopenia of childhood: results from nationwide therapeutic program
Authors: Richert-Przygońska Monika , Demidowicz Ewa , Bartoszewicz Natalia , Czyżewski Krzysztof , Wysocki Mariusz , Styczyński Jan
Published: December 2020

Background

Thrombopoietin receptor agonists have been repeatedly confirmed to be safe, efficient, and well tolerated in pediatric patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia (cITP).

Material and methods

In this report, we present data summarizing the Polish experience of the use of eltrombopag in cITP patients, refractory to standard first-line care. Our analysis was based on clinical and epidemiological data from the Nationwide Therapeutic Program 2018–2020. Quality of the response to the eltrombopag treatment was defined according to the International Consensus Guidelines as follows: complete response (CR) defined as platelet count (PLT) ≥100 × 109/L and absence of bleeding; response (R) defined as PLT ≥30 × 109/L and at least two-fold increase in the baseline count and absence of bleeding.

Results

We evaluated 60 patients (33 boys and 27 girls) with chronic and refractory ITP. Median age at beginning of treatment was 9.5 years. Median PLT at the first eltrombopag administration was 30 × 109/L. The median follow-up was 7 months (range, 3–22 months). After 1 week of treatment, response (R) was noted in 53.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 40.7%–66.0%) patients, and complete response (CR) was seen in 21.6% (95% CI: 11.2%–32.1%). We evaluated the long-term duration of the response and found that it was obtained in 84.4% (95% CI: 71.8%–97.0%) and 88.9% (95% CI: 77.0%–100%) of patients after 6 and 12 months, respectively, of eltrombopag therapy, while CR was reached, respectively, in 46.9% (95% CI: 29.6%–64.2%) and 29.6% (95% CI: 12.4%–46.9%) patients. No serious adverse events were reported.

Conclusion

Our data support the safety and efficacy of eltrombopag use in cITP pediatric patients.
Epidemiology and prevention strategies of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pediatric hematology and oncology centers in Poland
Authors: Styczyński Jan , Balwierz Walentyna , Wachowiak Jacek , Kałwak Krzysztof , Kazanowska Bernarda , Młynarski Wojciech , Dembowska-Bagińska Bożenna , Matysiak Michał , Krawczuk-Rybak Maryna , Adamkiewicz-Drożyńska Elżbieta , Kowalczyk Jerzy , Raciborska Anna , Urasiński Tomasz , Peregud-Pogorzelski Jarosław , Chaber Radosław , Badowska Wanda , Karolczyk Grażyna , Mizia-Malarz Agnieszka , Machnik Katarzyna , Goździk Jolanta , Wysocki Mariusz , Szczepański Tomasz
Published: December 2020

Introduction

Epidemiological analysis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in pediatric hematology and oncology (PHO) and hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) centers in a Polish nationwide study, as well as analysis of the preventive strategies in these centers.

Methods

All of the 18 PHO/HCT centers participated in eight surveys and questionnaires conducted over the first 5 months of the SARS-CoV-2/coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Poland. Epidemiological data were collected at eight regular time points, and the strategy of preventive management was done once after 4 months of the pandemic.

Results

During this analyzed period, eight patients were positive for SARS-CoV-2. The estimated incidence of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in Polish PHO/HCT centers was 0.5%. After exclusion of HCT patients (with one patient being infected), the estimated incidence of SARSCoV-2 positivity was between 0.5 and 0.6%. In all but one case, the course of COVID-19 was asymptomatic or mild, and it was moderate in one case. None of them developed SARS or respiratory insufficiency, none of them required treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU), and no patient died due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. As of July 1, parents staying in the hospital together with their children were regularly tested for the virus in 13 centers. Asymptomatic healthcare personnel were regularly tested for the virus in seven centers.

Conclusions

The estimated incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among PHO/HCT patients is lower than in Western Europe; however, these patients cannot be regarded as a low-risk group. The low COVID-19 incidence should be interpreted as a result of strictly and continuously implemented detailed preventive measures in the PHO/HCT wards and in hospitals.
Effect of Basil Oil on the Performance of Biodiesel Fuelled Agricultural Engine
Authors: Kapilan Natesan , Reddy Rana Pratap
Published: December 2020

The rapidly depleting fossil fuel resources and stringent emission norms have given importance to research of alternative fuels, especially in relation to reduction of greenhouse gases and global warming. In the work presented, biodiesel was derived from honge oil, which is non-edible. The oxidation stability of honge oil biodiesel is low due to the content of unsaturated fatty acids. Therefore, basil oil was used as a natural antioxidant to this biodiesel and the effect of this additive on the engine performance was studied. The addition of basil oil to the honge oil biodiesel increases its oxidation stability thanks to free radical scavenging activities of the basil oil. A set of engine tests was carried out on the agricultural diesel engine with honge oil biodiesel with different concentrations of basil oil. The engine tests showed that the addition of basil oil with the concentration of 1,000 ppm reduces the engine exhaust emissions in contrast to diesel. Basil oil does not have any significant impact on the engine brake thermal efficiency. Based on this work, it is possible to conclude that basil oil can be used as a natural additive to honge oil biodiesel for the purposes of oxidation stability improvement and significant reduction of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emission.
Sensory Evaluation of Pliek-U Quality Using Fuzzy-Topsis Method
Authors: Agustina Raida , Mustaqimah  , Fadhil Rahmat , Devianti
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to apply one of the decision-making methods, namely the fuzzy-TOPSIS method, to determine the best alternative of coconut fermentation in process of making Pliek-U, which is a typical powder made of coconut and is used for traditional cooking recipes by people in Aceh Province, Indonesia. The weight of fuzzy criteria and judgments about alternative methods of coconut fermentation was used to calculate the sensory evaluation scores and Pliek-U quality ratings. It can help to determine the quality of the Pliek-U. Sensory evaluation results for the quality of Pliek-U using the fuzzy-TOPSIS method showed that the most ideal alternative of the coconut fermentation method in the process of making Pliek-U is the 10-day coconut fermentation method, because it had the highest closeness coefficient (0.7484) in contrast to the 7-day coconut fermentation method (0.5425), and 4-day coconut fermentation method (0.3291). The fuzzy-TOPSIS method utilization was beneficial for generating the sensory multi-criteria assessment calculations through weighting, so that the process of determining consumer acceptance of the product assessed became easier and faster.
Optimization of the Mixing Ratio for Particleboard Production from Groundnut Shell and Rice Husk
Authors: Olawale Olamide , Akinyemi Banjo A. , Attabo Favourite
Published: December 2020

The aim of this work is to optimize the mixing ratio for production of particleboard (PB) from groundnut shell and rice husk. This research is focused on optimization approach for turning the agricultural waste into quality value-added composite PB for sustainable development. Box-Behnken design was used to optimize the effect of three process variables: groundnut husk (0–100 g); rice husk (0–100 g) and resin (1.5–2.5 g). The best process levels for PB production predicted by the software were validated. The PB samples produced were analysed using scanning electron microscope. The best results were obtained at levels: groundnut husk – 50 g; rice husk –100 g; resin – 3.50 g with rupture modulus of 3.50 N·mm−2 and elasticity modulus of 932.4 N·mm−2, the predicted optimal levels of 65.99 g; 86.34 g and 1.69 g were validated. The validation results gave rupture modulus of 3.49 N·mm−2, and elasticity modulus of 932.10 N·mm−2. It can be concluded that PB produced at the optimized conditions satisfied the American National Standard ANSI/A208.1-999 specification for general purpose particleboards for sustainable development.
Mathematical Modelling of Pyrolysis of Hardwood (Acacia)
Authors: Dhaundiyal Alok , Singh Suraj B. , Bacskai Istvan
Published: December 2020

This paper emphasises the analogous modelling of hardwood (acacia) pyrolysis. The impacts of physical characteristics of hardwood chips on the pyrolysis are examined through the conservation of biomass solid mass fraction. The ONORM standard chips of sizes ‘G30’ and ‘G50’ and their combination are individually tested in the pyrolysis reactor. In the analogous situation, the fixed bed is assumed to be a wooden slab with a porosity equivalent to the voidage of bed. Bulk density, bed length and porosity are several of the physical attributes of a fixed bed used to examine the variation in the hardwood solid mass across the fixed bed. To measure temperature, the four-temperature sensors separated from each other by 80 mm are fixed along periphery of a reactor. The heating element of 2 kWe is provided to initiate the biomass pyrolysis. The proposed model is also used to establish the relationship between the kinetics of pyrolysis and the structural properties of hardwood.
Mathematical Model of Uniform Cereal Crops Seeding Using a Double-Disk Coulter
Authors: Derevjanko Dmytro , Holovach Ivan , Bulgakov Volodymyr , Ihnatiev Yevhen , Nozdrovický Ladislav
Published: December 2020

The paper provided presents a new design of two-disk wide-row coulter that ensures uniform distribution of seeds to an even bed at the furrow bottom, as well as preserving of optimal distances between the seeds. Seeds fall from the seed tube of coil sowing apparatus onto a metal distribution plate with staggeringly arranged metal pins, which distribute the seeds to furrow bottom surface in a form of separate strips. To substantiate the kinematic and constructive parameters of proposed coulter design, a mathematical model for transport of seeds along the surface of a distribution plate was developed and the Cauchy problem for a system of the second-order quasi-linear differential equations was solved by the finite difference methods using embedded software procedures in mathematical software packages (Mathcad, Maple, etc.). The finite-difference method implementation was carried out using computer software allowing the determination of coordinates of seeds and, if necessary, changing of direction of their movement by adjusting the coulter operation to improve the distribution of seeds to soil in order to reduce the injury to them, which ultimately can contribute to an increased yield. Coverage of the plate surface and distribution pins with a rubber material can also contribute to a significant reduction in seed injury during sowing.