bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptive MATLAB GUI for Hydraulic Brake Stopping Distance Simulation
Authors: Dileepan Anandan  , Yuvaraj S
Published: April 2024

The crucial segment of any vehicle is the braking unit which decides the vehicle’s performance and passenger safety on a large quotient. It is highly essential to decelerate the vehicle within a reduced distance to avoid any collision. The stopping distance is also dependent on many characteristics apart from the vehicle itself which are GVW(Gross Vehicle Weight), brake sizing, Road Friction, and other vehicle design parameters. Hereby, the result of any brake system is the Stopping Distance. Therefore, for every vehicle, it is inevitable to design in such a way that meets all requirements to pass the safety standards.
In this article, we provide an interactive GUI of Mathematical modelling using MATLAB that depicts the running vehicle simulation while the brakes are applied and highlights the Stopping distance for any given inputs. Here, we have used a novel approach to calculate the stopping distance, given we have all vehicle properties. Importantly, cuts the design phase to a large extent saving an ample amount of time with all ease of access and dexterity.
The core features of GUI:

One will be able to generate and compare stopping distance and other brake-related results for any two given different design scenarios.
GUI is automated so that it can simulate the stopping distance just by providing the brake/vehicle parameters inputs to the interface.
Additional functionalities to compare design results for various standards (FMVSS, IS, ECE) can also be done effectively.

Keywords: Braking Systems, MATLAB Application, Vehicle Safety, Stopping Distance
Brake Hose–Field Failure Elimination
Authors: R. Deepalakshmi  , S.V.B.R. Koorella Krishna  , G.K. Sivakumar
Published: April 2024

In LCV segment vehicles were reported for complaint on Spongy brake pedal. In brake assembly parts constitutes of Brake oil reservoir, Rubber brake hose, TMC cylinder and etc. In this study assembly wise and material wise investigations on failed samples were analyzed to understand and resolve the issue. In common these kind of failures can be caused due to contamination of brake fluid, improper material grade usage and also sometimes by assembly issues. Issue identified as that the brake hose in the assembly hardened and not meeting as per the drawing material grade specifications. The plasticizer from brake hose is leaching out to the brake oil and contaminated oil, passes through the TMC cylinder and making EPDM seals to swell. Because of swelling the seal is not seating properly in the groove which results in poor pressure build up in TMC and subsequent spongy brake observed. This study revealed the Improper selection of EPDM grade for the brake hose.
Keywords: Brake hose, Field failure, LCV segment vehicles, failure elimination, Tear Down Analysis, Thermo Gravimetric Analysis
Comparative Analysis of Transmission Housings to Evaluate Whining Noise Performance
Authors: Kalyan Deepak Kolla  , Ketan Paua  , V. Vikraman  , P.V.V. Sathyanarayana
Published: April 2024

A quite cabin is always a preferred choice of the customer. Powertrain acts as a source for many noise and vibration problems in a passenger car. Transmission plays a major role in modulating the power from engine to the drive train and is exposed to a high vibration and noise environments. Hence design of transmission for low vibration & noise is need of the hour. This paper attempts to perform a comparative study of 6 housings of different design of a two-wheel drive passenger car to evaluate the vibration performance and Noise radiation characteristics by using FEM (Finite Element Method) & BEM (Boundary Element Method) & finite element analysis techniques. The authors also try to put forward a layout comparison study for the housings and conclude what design is best suited for better NVH whine performance in view of vibrations & sound radiation. These indicative results from this paper can be referred by the design & analysis engineers during early product development of the transmission.

Keywords: Transmission, Housings, Whining Noise, Bionic Design, NVH Analysis, Durability Analysis, Study of Housings, Housings NVH Analysis
ПЕДАГОГІКА СЕРЦЯ І ДОБРА АКАДЕМІКА ІВАНА ЗЯЗЮНА
Authors: Nychkalo Nellia , Vovk Myroslava , Filipchuk Nataliia
Published: April 2024

У повідомленні висвітлено зміст проведеної онлайн гостьової лекції «Педагогіка серця і добра академіка Івана Зязюна» у межах серії просвітницьких вебінарів «Цвіт української педагогіки: сучасне і минуле», що проходила в Інституті педагогічної освіти й освіти дорослих імені Івана Зязюна НАПН України. Ініціатором заходу виступив відділ змісту і технології педагогічної освіти наукової установи. Учасниками заходу стали більше 600 викладачів, студентів, магістрантів, аспірантів Уманського державного педагогічного університету імені Павла Тичини, Прикарпатського національного університету імені Василя Стефаника, Сумського державного педагогічного університету імені А.С. Макаренка, Чернівецького національного університету імені Юрія Федьковича, Вінницького державного педагогічного університету імені Михайла Коцюбинського та ін. Закцентовано увагу на життєвих імперативах академіка Івана Зязюна, його професійному сходженні до вершин наукової й педагогічної діяльності. Розкрито основні прогностичні ідеї академіка з проєкцією на сучасні актуалітети поступу української педагогічної науки, реформаційні зміни у сфері педагогічної освіти. Окреслено основні заходи, що реалізуються науковою спільнотою, освітянами, представниками наукової школи І. Зязюна з метою популяризації його наукової спадщини, імплементації його напрацювань у сучасній освітній практиці. Наукова спадщина академіка І. Зязюна — це філософсько-педагогічний скарб для подальшого розвитку освіти і педагогічної науки в Україні та інших державах. Цю спадщину маємо системно вивчати, узагальнювати, екстраполювати в освітню практику її конструктивні ідеї. Філософсько-педагогічні мрії й реальні дії видатного українського вченого народжували нові ідеї, концепції й методики, відкривали педагогічні таланти, сприяли й потужно сприятимуть педагогізації українського суспільства.
Lėtinės inkstų ligos diagnozės dažnumas tarp pacientų, sergančių arterine hipertenzija ir dauginėmis ligomis
Authors: Vasiliauskienė Olga , Andriukaitytė Monika , Šliuožaitė Ieva
Published: April 2024

Lėtine inkstų liga (LIL) serga daugiau nei 10 proc. visų pasaulio gyventojų ir ji yra viena pagrindinių mirtingumo priežasčių. Didelis sergančiųjų skaičius ir sunkios ligos pasekmės turėtų skatinti anksčiau nustatyti ligos rizikos veiksnius ir ją diagnozuoti, siekiant geresnės ligos prevencijos ir gydymo. Tyrimo tikslas. Nustatyti LIL diagnozės dažnį tarp dauginėmis ligomis sergančių pacientų. Metodai. Tyrime dalyvavo dauginėmis ligomis sergantys 40–85 metų pacientai (pacientai, kuriems diagnozuotos dvi ir daugiau lėtinių ligų), kuriems nustatyta arterinė hipertenzija ir bent viena kita lėtinė liga, tarp kurių – LIL. Duomenys apie diagnozes surinkti iš pacientų ir jų sveikatos istorijų. Statistinė duomenų analizė atlikta naudojant „IBM SPSS“ programinį paketą. Gauti duomenys pateikiami vidurkiu ir standartiniu nuokrypiu (SD). Skirstiniai neatitiko normalumo kriterijų, todėl jie lyginami taikant neparametrinį Mano Vitnio testą. Hipotezėms tikrinti taikytas chi kvadrato (χ2) kriterijus. Duomenys laikomi statistiškai reikšmingais, kai p < 0,05. Tyrimo rezultatai. Tyrime dalyvavo 793 respondentai, iš kurių 48 (6,1 proc.) nustatyta LIL diagnozė (N18). Visų tiriamųjų amžiaus vidurkis buvo 64,34 ± 9,735 metai. Sergančiųjų LIL amžiaus vidurkis buvo 69,85 ± 9,68 metai ir jie buvo statistiškai reikšmingai (p < 0,001) vyresni. Respondentai, kuriems diagnozuota LIL, statistiškai reikšmingai dažniau nedirbo (χ2 = 22,233, p < 0,001). Visų tiriamųjų sistolinio arterinio kraujo spaudimo (sAKS) vidurkis buvo 139,985 ± 17,5516 mm Hg. Respondentų, kuriems diagnozuota LIL, sAKS vidurkis buvo 145,000 ± 13,6477 mm Hg ir jis buvo statistiškai reikšmingai (p = 0,022) aukštesnis. Respondentai, kuriems diagnozuota LIL, vertino savo sveikatą statistiškai reikšmingai blogiau (p = 0,027) ir patyrė statistiškai reikšmingai didesnę gydymo naštą (p = 0,004). Išvados. LIL diagnozė dažniau nustatyta vyresnio amžiaus pacientams, kurių sAKS aukštesnis. Pacientai, kuriems diagnozuota LIL, dažniau nedirbo, prasčiau vertino savo sveikatą ir nurodė, kad patiria didesnę gydymo naštą. Didesnė tikimybė, jog LIL diagnozė bus nustatyta vyresnio amžiaus pacientams, kurių sAKS yra aukštesnis ir kurie serga daugiau nei viena lėtine liga.
Miego sutrikimų ir nutukimo ryšys. Literatūros apžvalga
Authors: Žemaitėlytė Goda , Petreikytė Gintarė , Česnulevičienė Aistė
Published: April 2024

Tyrimo tikslas. Išanalizavus mokslinę literatūrą, aprašyti ryšį tarp miego sutrikimų ir nutukimo. Metodika. Atlikta 2015–2023 m. mokslinių publikacijų analizė „PubMed“ ir „Google Scholar“ informacijos paieškos sistemose vartojant reikšminius žodžius. Rezultatai. Įrodyta, jog sutrikęs nakties miego ciklas blogina žmonių gyvenimo kokybę, psichoemocinę sveikatą, didina gretutinių ligų atsiradimo ir paūmėjimo riziką bei yra susijęs su svorio didėjimu ir nutukimo rizika. Epidemiologiniai duomenys rodo, kad per pastaruosius 50 metų suaugusiųjų miego trukmė trumpėjo ir tuo pačiu didėjo antsvorio ir nutukimo rodikliai. Išvados. Nepakankama miego trukmė reikšmingai didina nutukimo riziką. Viena valanda sutrumpėjęs miego laikas didina nutukimo riziką iki 9 proc. Pacientai, kenčiantys nuo nemigos, turi 1,31 karto didesnę nutukimo tikimybę. Nutukimas yra siejamas su obstrukcine miego apnėja ir neramių kojų sindromu.
Osteoartrito stebėsena ir gydymas
Authors: Sauserienė Jolanta
Published: April 2024

Anksčiau osteoartritas (OA) laikytas degeneraciniu „dėvėjimosi“ procesu. Šiuo metu žinoma, kad OA patogenezė yra daug sudėtingesnė nei tik susidėvėjimas. Paveiktų sąnarių audiniuose ir sinoviniame skystyje vyksta uždegiminis procesas, kurį rodo padidėjęs leukocitų skaičius. Pagrindiniai osteoartrito požymiai – tai sąnarių skausmas ir funkciniai sutrikimai. Sergant OA paveikiami visi sąnario audiniai, taigi, OA yra sąnario, kaip organo, liga. OA gydymas – skausmo malšinimas, tačiau neįrodyta, kad nors vienas jų pakeistų struktūrinį ligos progresavimą. Gerėjant OA mechanizmų supratimui, kuriami gydymo būdai, orientuoti į specifinius tarpininkus, kurie, manoma, skatina sąnarių audinių sunaikinimą.
Gyvensenos medicinos svarba psichikos sveikatos valdyme ir psichologinių ligų prevencijoje
Authors: Varnaitė Augustė
Published: April 2024

Straipsnyje aptariama, kaip gyvensenos medicina gali būti naudinga kovojant su depresija ir nerimo sutrikimais. Pateikiami penki iš šešių pagrindinių gyvensenos medicinos aspektų: dieta, fizinis aktyvumas, streso ir nerimo valdymas, socialiniai ryšiai ir miegas. Nagrinėjamas kiekvieno modelio ryšys su psichikos sveikata, be to, identifikuojama depresijos bei nerimo sutrikimų gydymo svarba. Taip pat pateikiamos studijos ir tyrimų išvados, patvirtinančios šių gyvensenos veiksnių svarbą psichikos sveikatai. Pabrėžiama individualizuotos gyvensenos medicinos programos svarba ir rekomendacijos integruoti šias programas į klinikinę praktiką šalia tradicinių gydymo metodų. Svarbu atsižvelgti į paciento individualumą ir pasirinkti metodus, kurie būtų prieinami ir patogūs. Nors gyvensenos medicinos metodų veiksmingumui užtikrinti dar stinga išsamesnių tyrimų, jau žinomų principų taikymas gali būti naudingas tiek pacientui, tiek sveikatos sistemai.
Nationalism as a Response to Worker Militancy
Authors: Wisman Jon D. , Reksten Nicholas E
Published: April 2024

Nationalism is widely understood as a product of the nineteenth century, the doctrinal seeds for which were planted by the American Declaration of Independence and the French Revolution. It is an extension of tribalism to the nation and is understandable in terms of human evolution. It could be serviceable to first tribes and then nations as a means for acquiring social cohesion and domestic peace by convincingly identifying a foreign menace. But what explains the varying intensity of this strategy? This article claims that strengthening of nationalism’s expression has been substantially due to the threat to elites posed by the rise of powerful worker movements which gained increasing militancy during nineteenth century industrialization. Nationalism served to deflect attention from a system that workers found unjust to foreign forces as the cause of their malaise. In this expression, nationalism served as an ideology enabling the more powerful to assuage worker discontent and continue gaining at the expense of the weaker.  
Antioxidant and phytochemical analysis of different date palm (Phoenix dactylifera l.) Seed varieties: An in vitro assessment
Authors: Asma Nawaz  , Rizwana Tania  , Shakeel Ahmed  , Arain Sadia Qamar , Abdul Majid  , Mirbahar Ameer Ahmed , Phull Abdul-Rehman
Published: April 2024

The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit contains variety of bioactive constituents including phenolic compounds. This research aimed to analyze the phenolic constituents and antioxidant potential of crude methanol extract samples from seeds of different date varieties, Aseel (As), Ambar (Am), Ajwa Saudi (AJS), Ajwa Khairpur (AJK), Khipro (KP) and Karblyan (KB). Date seeds are regarded as waste product. However, it contains secondary chemicals of biomedical significance. Colorimetric methods were used for the evaluation of phytochemical and antioxidant capacity. The Folin-Ciocalteu method was used for the assessment of phenolic content. The antioxidant potential was evaluated through phosphomolybdenum test, potassium ferricyanide test, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate scavenging test methods. All samples differ significantly in terms of antioxidant activities and quantity of secondary metabolites (phenolic and flavonoid contents). When all samples were compared, As was shown to have the highest amount of phenolic and flavonoids, while AJ(S) had the lowest content. The KP sample had the highest overall antioxidant and reducing potential, while the AJ(K) and Am samples showed the lowest, respectively. Significant DPPH scavenging capacity has been demonstrated in all samples. In order to extend the shelf life of food products, date seeds may consequently provide ideal material for the bio-functional food industry.
Analysis of pattern of salivary gland cancers: Descriptive analysis from a single center
Authors: Zulnoorain Qambar Shah  , Moiz Muhammad Shaikh  , Fasiha Shah  , Syed Fayaz Hussain Mangi
Published: April 2024

Salivary gland carcinomas are the malignant tumours arising from major or minor salivary glands, accounting for 5% of all head and neck cancers. There is scarce data available regarding pattern of presentation and clinical outcome of salivary glands in Pakistan. Thus this retrospective analysis of the patients presenting with salivary gland tumours was designed. A total of 305 patients were diagnosed with salivary gland cancers from 2008 till 2023, including 127 (41.6%) of females and 178 (58.4%) of male patients. There were 191 (62.6%) patients with parotid gland cancer and 114(37.4%) with submandibular and other minor glands. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most prominent histological type followed by Adenoid Cystic carcinoma. Grade 2 (44.1%) was most frequently reported followed by Grade 1 (33.9%) and 3 (22.0%). These cancers did not show any significant association with age or gender. Salivary gland cancers are relatively rare cancer. Further studies to explore biological characteristics and long term clinical outcome are recommended.
Transplant glomerulopathy: A brief narrative review in the light of informed literature
Authors: Khan Muhammad Tassaduq , Hamid Rashid Bin , Lal Naranjan
Published: April 2024

Transplant glomerulopathy is characterized by a post-transplant morphologic insult. It occurs as a consequence of chronic, periodic injury of endothelial cells triggered by chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, donor-specific antibodies (DSA), cell-mediated injury or thrombotic microangiopathy. The disease might not be overt; however, it often presents with obvious symptoms, such as proteinuria (nephrotic range), hypertension, and deteriorating glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Histopathology is the mainstay diagnostic tool for transplant glomerulopathy patients and electron microscopy serves the purpose to early diagnosis. The classic histopathological feature of the disease is glomerular basement membrane thickening with reduplication on light or electron microscopy without immune complex deposits. Conventional therapeutic regimens include intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG), plasmapheresis and splenectomy, and lately rituximab, eculizumab and bortezomib. Transplant glomerulopathy patients usually have positive history for acute rejection, resulting mostly in antibody-mediated rejection. DSAs against class II is specifically linked with transplant glomerulopathy. Unfortunately, the prognosis of kidney allografts is dismal even under existing immunosuppressive regimens.
Autoimmune complexity: A case report of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) with coexistent positive autoimmune markers and multidisciplinary challenges
Authors: Ali Tariq , Rattani Salma , Shaikh Faheem
Published: April 2024

This case study explores a complex clinical presentation of an 85-year-old male diagnosed with immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (ITP) with coexistent positive autoimmune markers. A multidisciplinary approach was crucial in managing the patient, involving hematology, rheumatology, urology, and respiratory specialists. Despite tailored treatments, including platelet transfusions, immunosuppressive therapies, and antibiotics, the patient developed complications including hospital-acquired pneumonia, pulmonary infection, and acute kidney injury. Extensive discussions with the family led to the decision to transition the patient to comfort care, emphasizing the challenges in managing complex cases and the importance of a comprehensive care plan.
The predictable and disabling society: artificial intelligence and changing human agency
Authors: D’Alessandro Simone
Published: April 2024

Peut-on parler d’intelligence, d’intentionnalité et d’agence lorsqu’on observe les interactions d’un agent artificiel orienté par des algorithmes ? Et comment l’interaction d’un agent artificiel modifie-t-elle l’agence de l’être humain ? Partant de la “théorie de l’exonération” postulée par l’anthropologie philosophique et l’intégrant à la théorie relationnelle, nous examinerons dans cette recherche les effets déterminés par l’interaction asymétrique entre l’être humain et l’algorithme. Ce dernier, pour être efficace en termes de résultats prédictifs, doit rendre l’environnement stable et le comportement humain prévisible. Mais une société prévisible est contre-productive et handicapante pour l’être humain sur le plan relationnel. L’être humain doit donc changer sa perspective relationnelle avec l’IA, en évaluant de manière réflexive non seulement les résultats positifs/négatifs, mais aussi les aspects facilitateurs/ incapacitants.
Past, Present, and Future of Rate Splitting Multiple Access for Wireless Networks
Authors: Kundu Krishanu
Published: April 2024

Rate splitting multiple access (RSMA) is a promising approach that has gained momentous attention in the field of wireless communications. With the increasing demand for higher data rates and reliable connections, traditional multiple access approaches like SDMA, NOMA have limitations in terms of interference management as well as channel state information uncertainty. The effectiveness of the RSMA has been recognized in addressing these limitations and providing improved performance in multi-antenna systems. RSMA ruptures user messages into common as well as private parts – the common part is decoded by all users to mitigate interference while the private part is decoded only by the intended user. This bridges orthogonal and non-orthogonal multiple access schemes. Benefits of RSMA include optimal performance in many scenarios, robustness against imperfect CSIT, lower feedback overhead and complexity compared to alternatives. RSMA has many potential applications in 6G use cases like mMTC, URLLC, V2X, and integrated sensing-communications. Ongoing research is still needed, especially on implementation and standardization. The current study focuses on the notion of rate splitting, the benefits of RSMA, working principle of RSMA, implementation challenges, RSMA's implementation in 5G and beyond, a comparison with other multiple access techniques, as well as its problems and future trends in wireless networks.
The Potentialities of CRM to Increase Personalization in Hospitality
Authors: Ashqar Rashed Isam , Ramos Célia Maria M.Q.
Published: April 2024

Personalization allows customers to access customized information more efficiently at any time. The importance of applying personalization in smart technology expanded during the COVID-19 pandemic. This chapter aims to present how can use the data about the clients from customer relationship management (CRM) to use them on customer lifetime value (CLV) models to classify the potentialities of customers. In addition, the authors suggested using personalization to make promotions for specific clients. The motivation of this chapter is to increase the competitiveness of the hotels and offer attractive services to achieve the loyalty of current and new clients. Also, to offer exclusive products or services to increase user satisfaction.
3D-Printed Food for New Gastronomic Experiences
Authors: Severino Nuno Miguel , Azevedo Cláudia Marcos , Mendes Guerra Maria Manuela
Published: April 2024

Digital gastronomy has been a common topic of conversation while talking about robotic breakthroughs in the hospitality sector. Most notably by producing highly personalized and imaginative goods via 3D food printing. Nevertheless, several studies have revealed its frequent association with negative notions. This derogatory idea is frequently the consequence of consumers' neophobia stemming from ignorance. It has been proposed that positive advertising of the technology's key advantages be utilized to boost the hedonic perception of food goods; however, no one has correlated the use of multiple avenues to share the information. For this purpose, this study used both a hedonic analysis and a presentation. Most of inquiries were aware of 3D printed food and linked it to favorable words. The practical approach had a positive effect on perception, while the theoretical had no significant correlation. The study's findings support the investment in this technology for small-scale food producing facilities.
Accessibility and Inclusivity in Mental Health
Authors: De Clara Laura
Published: April 2024

This chapter explores the revolutionary potential of new immersive technologies in the practice of psychotherapy and their role in increasing the accessibility and inclusivity of mental health services. It discusses how immersive technologies provide a safe and personalised environment for the treatment of a wide range of psychological disorders, opening up new perspectives for more effective and welcoming therapy. However, it also examines the challenges associated with the technology gap and highlights the need for targeted strategies to ensure equitable access to such tools. Finally, it highlights the importance of fully exploiting the potential of new immersive technologies to promote more inclusive and accessible psychotherapy for all.
COVID-19, Pneumonia, Tuberculosis Classification Using Chest X-Ray Images
Authors: Hashmi Mohamamd Farukh , Mathur Parimal , Keskar Avinash G.
Published: April 2024

This difficult era of SARS COVID, a deadly viral disease, which first got spread in Wuhan, a city in China and after that to the whole nation, has become a topic of great concern due to less efficiency in the detection tools which are used in hospitals. In this chapter, the authors have used deep learning frameworks to detect Covid-19, pneumonia, tuberculosis, and no-findings using chest x-ray images. Till this time, no work has been done for classifying the above four classes using a single deep learning model. As this study contains four classes which all are quite similar, so the authors tried various neural network architectures which can deeply analyze to separate the features. The authors have used pre-trained DenseNet-121 for classification purpose and have extended some dropout layers and normalization layers at last to reduce overfitting. As a result of this experiment, the authors achieved a validation accuracy of 97.38%. In this study they have tried to differentiate between four different classes.
Enhanced Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Breast Cancer Recurrence Prognosis
Authors: Manikandan K. , Nayagam R. Deiva , Namdev Arpit , Sudha K. , Patil Trupti , Gupta Ankur , Pramanik Sabyasachi
Published: April 2024

As the most common illness affecting women, breast cancer is thought to be diagnosed in about 2.1 million new cases annually. Nearly 30% of individuals who had early-stage cancer treatment had a recurrence within ten years. One important feature of breast cancer behavior that is closely associated with death is recurrence. The fact that a sizable fraction of breast cancer databases seldom contains it, despite its significance, complicates study into its prediction. It is challenging to anticipate who will have a recurrence and who won't, which has consequences for the associated therapy. If artificial intelligence (AI) techniques are created that can predict the probability of a breast cancer recurrence, then clinicians treating the disease may be able to prevent unnecessary overtreatment. This study presents a unique deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) algorithm-based automated system for classifying and predicting breast cancer recurrences.
Overcoming the Digital Frontier
Authors: Pramanik Sabyasachi
Published: April 2024

In order to traverse the digital frontier, a socio-technical review of Indonesia's NHS e-health strategy identifies important obstacles and suggests a cutting-edge socio-technical model to direct future initiatives. The research examined technological interoperability issues and socio-organizational hurdles while analyzing the NHS's e-health plan within pre-existing frameworks and international best practices. Significant obstacles were identified by the findings, including budgetary limitations, cybersecurity risks, and clinical opposition. A new socio-technical paradigm was put out that advocates a change in emphasis from EHRs to inter-organizational clinical and social care workflow optimization. The model incorporates elements of “lifecycle” and “purpose.” The approach advocated developing national standards and infrastructure in conjunction with government budgetary support, with a focus on interoperability and cybersecurity.
Transforming Healthcare Through Digital Inclusivity
Authors: Khan Amaan Ali , Khan Sohrab Ahmad , Sundus Habiba , Aziz Rabia
Published: April 2024

The combination of digital health and artificial intelligence (AI) is driving a significant shift of the healthcare sector in today's age of fast technological innovation. To ensure that people of all ages, backgrounds, and abilities have equal access to high-quality healthcare, digital health and AI advances have the potential to break down traditional barriers. AI has the potential to revolutionise healthcare by enabling individualised treatment plans, improved illness management, and enhanced well-being for individuals. This chapter is a wonderful resource for anybody interested in the promising future of digital health and AI, including researchers, academics, healthcare practitioners, politicians, and tech enthusiasts.
An Investigation on the Utilization of Blockchain in the Field of Digital Forensics
Authors: Dhabliya Dharmesh , Veeraiah Vivek , Dari Sukhvinder Singh , Kumar Jambi Ratna Raja , Dhabliya Ritika , Gupta Ankur , Pramanik Sabyasachi
Published: April 2024

The field of digital forensics is crucial in the examination of cybercrimes, data breaches, and other illicit activities in a world that is becoming more interconnected. The advent of blockchain technology has introduced a novel aspect to the field of digital forensics. This study provides an extensive examination of the convergence of blockchain and digital forensics, investigating the many impacts and obstacles that blockchain technology poses to conventional methods of digital forensic investigations. This chapter starts by clarifying the essential principles of blockchain technology, highlighting its decentralized and unchangeable nature, cryptographic foundations, and its use in cryptocurrency transactions. Afterwards, it explores the possible advantages of blockchain technology for digital forensics, including the provision of transparent and unalterable records of digital activity and transactions. Moreover, this chapter also examines the distinctive obstacles presented by blockchain in the context of digital forensic investigations.
Influence of Disruptive Innovations, Cryptocurrency, and Blockchain on the Stock Market
Authors: Gupta Vijay Prakash
Published: April 2024

This chapter begins by showcasing how cryptocurrencies and blockchain are restructuring traditional stock market operations, creating new investment opportunities, and challenging established norms. The chapter also scrutinizes cryptocurrencies, recognizing them as versatile assets for diversifying portfolios, emphasizing the need for adaptable regulations and strategies. It explores their role as a unique asset class, appealing to both retail and institutional investors due to their potential for high returns and accessibility. Blockchain's disruptive potential is highlighted. Tokenization of assets enhances liquidity and democratizes investment access, and initial coin offerings (ICOs) are discussed as alternative fundraising methods. Recommendations are provided for stakeholders, regulators, businesses, etc. In conclusion, this chapter offers a comprehensive analysis of disruptive innovations' influence on stock markets, guiding readers through the evolving financial landscape, emphasizing the fusion of tradition and innovation.
Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Geada Nuno
Published: April 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technology with the potential to revolutionize many aspects of human life. However, its rapid development and deployment have also raised significant ethical, social, and economic concerns. In this chapter, the authors provide a comprehensive overview of the theoretical background and applications of AI, with a focus on its current and potential impact in times of turbulence. They discuss the key concepts and techniques underlying AI, including machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing. They then explore the applications of AI in various fields, including healthcare, finance, supply chain management, and climate change. They also examine the societal challenges and risks associated with AI, such as algorithmic bias, privacy violations, and job displacement. Finally, they discuss the future of AI and the need for responsible development and deployment of this technology. Analysis highlights the complex and multifaceted nature of AI and underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach.
Evolutionary Computation in Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Dhabliya Dharmesh , Gupta Ankur , Dari Sukhvinder Singh , Dhabliya Ritika , Dhablia Anishkumar , Sakhare Nitin N. , Anand Rohit
Published: April 2024

In the realm of robotics and artificial intelligence, researchers often draw inspiration from the intricate and efficient systems found in the animal kingdom. For instance, the study of swarm intelligence, inspired by the collective behavior of insects like ants or bees, has led to the development of algorithms for autonomous drones and robotic systems that can collaboratively solve complex problems. The adaptation of nature's strategies for smart systems showcases the potential for interdisciplinary collaboration between biology and technology. By understanding and emulating the efficiency, adaptability, and sustainability observed in natural systems, scientists and engineers continue to push the boundaries of innovation, creating smart systems that are not only technologically advanced but also environmentally conscious and resilient.
Comprehensive Study on Routing in FANET
Authors: R. Mylsamy , M. Jaikumar
Published: April 2024

The rapid proliferation of networking and wireless communication technologies has led to the development of low-cost unmanned aerial vehicles, which will soon occupy a significant amount of the sky. UAVs may be effectively used to complete complicated missions when arranged as an ad hoc network, leading to the creation of well-known flying ad hoc networks. Without the implementation of an efficient networking model that enables the dependable transfer of data between UAVs, the creation of such networks is not feasible. The diverse flying limits and highly dynamic topology of FANETs make designing routing protocols a very difficult task. An extensive investigation of routing in FANETs is provided in this work. A wide range of current FANET routing protocols are compared and clarified. This work is unique because it can give a thorough analysis of the main FANET routing protocols and assess them based on many restrictions and important characteristics, better representing the state of the art in this field of study at the moment.
Government Websites Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Guo Yuanyuan
Published: April 2024

This article systematically examines the evolution of government websites from their initial forms to contemporary practices. It highlights how government websites have transformed from simple technological applications to tools that drive digital governance, enhance transparency, improve public service efficiency, and strengthen public participation. Additionally, through an in-depth analysis of the current stage of government websites, the article reveals the main challenges and issues they face in practical operation, including a cultural structure that prioritizes “efficiency over fairness,” a supply structure that emphasizes “supply over demand,” and a service structure that leans towards “service over interaction.” Looking ahead, the article predicts the integration of new technologies, such as artificial intelligence and the metaverse, into government websites and discusses their potential forms and directions. By providing a comprehensive analysis of the history, current status, and future outlook of government websites, the aim is to offer valuable insights for research and practical applications in related fields.
Weaving the Transparency Network
Authors: Duarte Ana Eliza , Mugnaini Rogério
Published: April 2024

This analysis examines Brazil's e-government initiatives, particularly those promoting transparency and open data. It explores their evolution since the 1990s, including recent developments like the Access to Information Law (LAI) and the Open Data Policy (PDA). Bibliographic research, encompassing books, academic articles, official documents, and government/organization websites, informs this study. Though young, Brazil's transparency and open data movement shows promise. The LAI and PDA are seen as vital tools for information access and public participation. Challenges like limited internet access and digital divides remain, highlighting the need for continuous efforts. Recognizing e-government, LAI, and PDA as crucial for Brazilian democracy and socio-economic progress, civil society involvement is deemed essential for their successful implementation.
South Korean Digital Information Divide
Authors: Guo Yuanyuan , Deng Yi
Published: April 2024

Due to the large-scale application and spread of mobile Internet and its deep integration with PC wired internet, the divide between the vulnerable groups and the general public in terms of hardware device ownership has been greatly reduced. This means the traditional digital divide has been effectively improved, but not means that the problems facing the vulnerable groups have been completely solved. Instead, they are currently caught in another kind of divide, which is the digital information divide. Most of the existing literature only pays attention to the phenomenon of digital divide, but lacks in-depth exploration of the digital information divide between vulnerable groups and the general public. Based on a South Korean survey report-the Survey of Digital Information Divide, this paper gives a detailed explanation of the concept of digital information divide, and analyses the digital information divide of the South Korean vulnerable groups mentioned in the report. Based on the current situation of the digital information divide between the vulnerable groups and the general public in South Korea, this paper puts forward the countermeasures to narrow the digital information divide.
The Driving Force of Local Governments in the Sustainability of Gastronomy
Authors: Aksoy Mustafa , Tahmaz Gül Seçil , Öztürk Batuhan
Published: April 2024

The sustainable development and development of local communities is one of the most important tasks of local governments. Within the scope of this study, the “Capital City Ankara Development Project-BAKAP” performed by Ankara Metropolitan Municipality in Ankara, Turkiye is studied as a case study. In this study, the effects of local governments as a driving force in ensuring sustainability and also the roles of gastronomy, agriculture and tourism in sustainable development are evaluated. For this purpose, BAKAP agricultural campus was visited, and investigations were made. Detailed information about the project was obtained by conducting interviews with the head and coordinators of the project. In addition, a literature review was conducted on the subject. Thus, it was tried to determine the potential opportunities of the project in terms of sustainability. At the end of the study, each sustainability principle was evaluated separately with the data obtained.
Sustainable Gastronomy Tourism and Slow Food Movement
Authors: Miral Çavdırlı ceren , Adan Gök Özge
Published: April 2024

Food and gastronomy constitute important elements of tourism. Food and gastronomy are tools for preserving the existing cultures of local cuisines and transmitting them from generation to generation. Therefore, food and gastronomy are highly related to sustainable tourism. Sustainable tourism supports the environment by ensuring the most effective use of existing resources. Sustainable tourism uses local resources and also makes a positive contribution to local people and development. In this research-first literature, related to gastronomy tourism and sustainable tourism in rural areas and slow food were analysed. The research design is a case study about slow food movement in Germiyan village, Çeşme. Results of the study reveal that slow food movement in the Germiyan village has some limited effect on the local people's lives. With the slow food movement the number of local producers has increased, and agricultural activities have developed in the village.
A Case Study of Culinary Experience at Selected Rural Festivals of India
Authors: Yadav Suraj Jaywant , Srivastava Shradha
Published: April 2024

In the context of tourism, the resurgence of regional cuisine is crucial in drawing tourists. Surprisingly, there is a dearth of empirical research on food festivals in India that attempts to revive regional cuisine. A total of five regions and ten rural festivals (Maharashtra, Goa, Kolkata, Tamilnadu, and Uttar Pradesh) are analyzed to find out the relation and impact between gastronomy and culinary with rural festivals of India. The authors designed and carried out a deliberate survey; they also performed empirical research, a mode analysis of the value frequencies, and a cross-analysis of the pertinent survey questions.
DIFUSÃO ESTOCÁSTICA DE TACROLIMO, CATALASE E BIOMASSA BACTERIANA EM MEIO FERMENTESCÍVEL
Authors: Suzin Bertan Alessandra , Cremasco Marco Aurélio
Published: April 2024

A preocupação com a saúde é fundamental em todas as áreas de conhecimento, particularmente quando envolve a população invisível a políticas públicas, que depende de fármacos de alto custo, como é o caso do imunossupressor tacrolimo. O presente trabalho direciona-se à investigação teórica do movimento browniano do tacrolimo, da biomassa bacteriana e da catalase, provenientes da fermentação via S. tsukubaensis, em uma solução constituída de caldo fermentescível e acetona (50 % v/v) em duas temperaturas distintas. São apresentados cartogramas bidimensionais que ilustram o deslocamento aleatório das espécies analisadas tendo como ponto de partida o modelo de Langevin. Observa-se maior dispersão do tacrolimo em relação aos demais solutos, assim como o aumento da dispersão com o incremento da temperatura do meio difusivo.
Endothelial dysfunction in obesity
Authors: Daiya Varun , Acharya Sourya , Kumar Sunil , Hamdulay Khadija , Manuja Nistha
Published: April 2024

Obesity is a condition caused by excess fat buildup, often measured using the body mass index (BMI) and categorized into underweight, normal weight, and obesity. Obesity is a global epidemic with an alarmingly rising incidence. Obesity is closely associated with insulin resistance, metabolic disorders, hypertension, and atherosclerosis, as well as endothelial dysfunction, which leads to numerous diseases. Noncommunicable diseases are significantly associated with high BMI and can have a negative impact on physical and psychological conditions. Endothelium, the internal lining of blood vessels, controls vascular tone, inflammation, and clotting processes. Endothelial dysfunction is a clinical complication characterized by the loss of normal endothelial cell homeostatic mechanisms. Reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide can be moderately related to endothelial dysfunction, which promotes vascular abruptions such as thrombosis, inflammation, plaque rupture, and other related conditions. The rise in obesity incidence and its global status highlights the urgent need to address responsible factors such as sedentary lifestyles, bad food habits, and globalization. Factors such as dietary modifications, low-cost food and beverages, and liberalization of international trade contribute to obesity, whereas factors such as genetics, poor diet, and lack of physical activity can also contribute to obesity.
Obstetrics and gynecology patients’ perceptions about bedside teaching at a Saudi teaching hospital
Authors: Mohamed Eman R. , Almulhem Manahel A. , AlElq Abdulmohsen H. , Zeeshan Muhammed , Alharbi Rakan S. , Almuhanna Abdulsalam E. , Alotaibi Moath S. , Alhabib Fadi M.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Bedside teaching (BST) is a crucial component of medical education. It entails the interaction of students with patients in outpatient clinics and inpatient wards under the supervision of their tutors in order to improve the clinical skills of the students and, ultimately, patient outcomes. This teaching relies heavily on patients’ willingness and cooperation. The aim of this study was to assess the perception of Obstetrics and Gynecology (OB/GYN) patients regarding the presence and participation of medical students in BST.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among OB/GYN patients at the outpatient clinics and inpatient wards at King Fahd Hospital of the University (KFHU) in Al-Khobar from January 1 to April 30, 2023. Data were collected online through the Google Drive survey tool using a validated and pilot tested questionnaire. Data were analyzed utilizing SPSS version 26.0. Chi-squared test was employed to test for association between two categorical variables. Multiple logistic regression model was used to determine variables associated with positive attitudes.

RESULTS:

A total of 507 patients completed online questionnaire. A highly positive patients’ attitude was observed toward the presence and participation of medical students during BST with a mean score of 81.8 ± 10.4. The acceptance rates were higher for female students compared to male students (91.9% vs 61.7%) and for senior doctors compared to junior doctors (89.9% vs 58.9%). Patients who came to the outpatient clinics were also more likely to accept students’ presence than those who went to hospital wards. Age, marital status, and previous clinic visits were positively associated with the acceptance level of the presence and involvement of medical students in BST without a significant difference.

CONCLUSION:

In general, patients had a good perception of medical students’ engagement in their care and that the gender of the medical students/doctors and clinical setting could affect this perception. Raising patients’ awareness of their valuable role in male medical students’ and doctors’ education should be raised, as this will increase their acceptance during BST.
Assessment of psychological alarms and coping strategies of medical students with irritable bowel syndrome at Zagazig University: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Frere Noha O. , Soliman Al Zahraa M. , Salama Hussein M. , Wahba Mohamed O. , Fouad Walaa S.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorders. Medical students tend to report a higher prevalence of IBS since they are under constant stress. Many psychological difficulties are associated with IBS. To cope with IBS, individuals use various strategies which can impact the intensification or alleviation of IBS symptoms. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of IBS in medical students as well as psychological alarms and coping strategie employed by IBS sufferers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

We conducted a cross-sectional study from December 2022 to February 2023. Study participants were first to fifth year medical school students at Zagazig University, Egypt. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire comprising four sections: sociodemographic and clinical data; Rome IV criteria for the diagnosis of IBS; the alarm questionnaire for functional gastrointestinal disorders; and the Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ24). Chi-square test or Fischer’s exact test, as appropriate, were used to test for association. Binary logistic regression with a backward stepwise method was used to determine significant risk factors of negative coping with IBS.

RESULTS:

Of the studied 221 medical students, 38% had IBS. A statistically significant association was observed between IBS and the feeling of tension, anxiety, nervousness, depression, and frustration in the previous week, severe pain in the past 4 weeks, and the feeling that the bad situation would not get any better. Most of the students in the IBS group coped positively with stress, while 19.0% were negative in coping. Pain affecting the daily activities and the feelings of depression and frustration to the point of self-harm or suicide were the most significant correlates of IBS group’s inability to cope.

CONCLUSION:

The prevalence of IBS in medical students at Zagazig University was 38%. We recommend psychological intervention and stress management programs to help medical students cope with IBS.