bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Different Approaches of Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) Model in Predicting Ozone (O3) Concentration in Industrial Area
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Mohd Napi Nur Nazmi Liyana , Abdullah Samsuri ,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Abu Mansor Amalina ,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Ghazali Nurul Adyani ,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Ahmed Ali Najah ,   UniversitiTenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Che Dom Nazri ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Ismail Marzuki ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA
Published: September 2023

Meteorological conditions and other gaseous pollutants generally impacted the development of ozone (O3) in the atmosphere.The purpose of this study was to create the best O3model for forecasting O3concentrations in the industrial area and to determine the variables that affect O3concentrations.Five-year data of meteorological and gaseous pollutants were used to analyze and develop the prediction model. Based on three distinct techniques, three separate multiple linear regression (MLR) prediction models of O3concentration were developed.MLR3had the highest correlation coefficient of 0.792 during development as compared to models MLR1and MLR2. MLR2was deemed the best O3 prediction model, however, since it had the lowest error values of root mean square error (3.976) and mean absolute error (3.548) when compared to other models.The establishment of an O3prediction model can offer local governments with early information that could help them reduce and manage air pollution emissions.
Design and Development of 3-Axis Benchtop CNC Milling Machine for Educational Purpose
Authors:   Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Abd Rahman Zammeri , Mohamed Saiful Bahri ,   Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Minhat Mohammad ,   Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka(UTeM), Abd Rahman Zulkifli ,   University College TATI (UC TATI)
Published: September 2023

The main factor in improving learning skills is providing students with hands-on laboratory experience, and the small-scale machine can accomplish academic programs requiring students tolearn machining skills. This paper aims to design and develop a 3-axis CNC milling machine with a PC-based open architecture controller in a vertical position open frame structure. Some technical specifications were randomly selected based on the capabilities of similarly sized machines reviewed in previous work. The designed machine consisted of inexpensive off-the-shelf hardware components capable of machining the sample block with high cutting speed and reasonable precision. The accepted percentage error of circular and straightness test readings is below the set requirements. This machine is not intended for series production and precise machining. It can still effectivelyreplace the high cost of commercial CNC machines and be used in any higher education institution offering technical courses.
Investigation of the non-equal distribution of the human body surface temperature using an infrared thermometer on the example of measuring hand temperature
Authors:   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, 119991, Russia, Moscow, Trubetskaya Str., 8, b. 2, Marchenkov R.Е. , Terekhov I.I. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, 119991, Russia, Moscow, Trubetskaya Str., 8, b. 2, Yonik E.А. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, 119991, Russia, Moscow, Trubetskaya Str., 8, b. 2, Anosov А.А. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, 119991, Russia, Moscow, Trubetskaya Str., 8, b. 2,   Kotelnikov IRE RAS, 125009, Russia, Moscow, Mokhovaya str., 11, b.7., Erofeev А.V. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, 119991, Russia, Moscow, Trubetskaya Str., 8, b. 2,   Kotelnikov IRE RAS, 125009, Russia, Moscow, Mokhovaya str., 11, b.7.
Published: September 2023

The front and back surface temperature of the hand was investigated with method of the medical thermography in the article. We used the infrared thermometer (UNI-T, China) and portable computer thermograph IRTIS-2000 (IRTIS, Moscow, Russia). The study was conducted on a group of subjects, consisting of 50 people, 17 men and 33 women, aged 18 to 23 years. The average temperature difference between the palm and the back of the hand was 0.21 ± 0.16 °С. It was also found that not all subjects had a palm temperature higher than the temperature of the back of the hand. A ten-day study was conducted separately on one patient to determine how the temperature difference of the left and right hands changed in the morning, afternoon and evening. He initially had a temperature on the back of his hand higher than his palm. Analysis of the data for the entire sample confirmed the assumption that the surface temperature of the palm is higher than the temperature of the back (р < 0.05). However, when the groups of men and women were examined separately, the difference was negligible (р > 0.05). The discussion part includes articles that studies hand temperature in obesity and vibration disease.
INVESTIGAÇÃO ETIOLÓGICA DO PNEUMOPERITÔNIO ESPONTÂNEO: ATÉ ONDE DEVEMOS IR? RELATO DE CASO E PROPOSTA DE FLUXOGRAMA DE ATENDIMENTO
Authors:   Hospital Universitário Cajuru, Victória Weigert Camilla , Massuqueto Cavalli Mariana , Miguel de Souza Nathalia , Nasr Adonis ,   Universidade Positivo,   Pontíficia Universidade Católica do Paraná
Published: September 2023

Introdução: O pneumoperitônio espontâneo (PE) é uma condição infrequente na qual não é possível identificar a etiologia. Relato de Caso: Homem de 61 anos com PE, durante internamento por endocardite bacteriana, foi submetido a laparoscopia e endoscopia digestiva alta sem achados etiológicos, evoluindo com complicações pulmonares e óbito após internamento prolongado. Conclusão: Causas não perfurativas podem ser abordadas com tratamento conservador, desde que possuam sintomas abdominais mínimos ou ausentes, afebril, provas inflamatórias normais ou diminuídas e exame radiológico descartando complicações. No entanto, não há consenso ou protocolo na investigação etiológica na literatura, a qual varia desde apenas imagem até procedimentos endoscópicos ou cirúrgicos, podendo agregar complicações ao paciente. Com base nesses preceitos, sugerimos um fluxograma de manejo do PE pois acreditamos que pacientes com estabilidade clínica e possibilidade de reavaliação constante podem ser tratados de forma conservadora e com restrição de intervenções desnecessárias. Palavras-chave: Pneumoperitônio. Procedimentos Desnecessários. Evento Inexplicável Breve Resolvido.
Hazard and risk assessment in a dairy products factory in Iğdır province using the Fine Kinney Risk Method: recommendations for mitigation
Authors: ÖZBAKIR Okan
Published: September 2023

Failure to implement adequate preventive measures in workplaces leads to the occurrence of occupational diseases and accidents at work. Effectively managing and accurately defining these risks is paramount. Risk assessment begins by assigning scores to identify existing workplace hazards, assess the likelihood of potential risks, determine the level of urgency, and determine the necessary precautions. It is a continuous cycle of implementation, monitoring and review. The aim of this study is the identification of existing or potential hazards and risks in a dairy products factory in Iğdır province, Turkey. The Fine Kinney risk assessment methodology was applied, and the results provided recommendations for mitigating identified risks based on relevant regulations. Initially, brainstorming sessions were held with relevant employees and managers to gain a general overview of the health and safety culture in the work environment. In addition, observational analysis and weekly checklists were used for assessment purposes. When examining the current status and operational procedures of the company in detail, various hazards containing risks that require immediate precautions have been identified. Electric shock (RS: 1440), injuries related to electricity (RS: 720), explosion (RS: 540), and risks associated with poisoning or drowning (RS: 720) have been determined to be present. It has been concluded that most of the environmental risks in the facility arise from factors such as defective or outdated equipment, lack of ergonomic workstations, inadequate training, and insufficient supervision.
Efficacy and Safety of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors in Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Zhen-Yu , Zhang Zhen , Cao Xiao-Zhong , Feng Yun , Ren Sha-Sha
Published: September 2023

Background: Compared with other subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is more aggressive and has a lower survival rate with chemotherapy being the only acknowledged systemic treatment option. Recently, PD-1/PD-L1 (programmed cell death-1 and programmed death-ligand 1) inhibitors have demonstrated survival benefits in locally advanced or metastatic TNBC patients. However, the effects of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in neoadjuvant chemotherapy remain controversial. Methods: Extensive literature searches were conducted in the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases. A pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was analyzed. Results: Seven randomized controlled trials (N = 1707) were included. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor chemotherapy group showed pathological complete response (pCR) benefit of 59.0% vs. 40.4% (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.38–2.82, p < 0.001). Hematological adverse events were similar. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of anemia (OR 1.25, 95% CI 0.93–1.68, p = 0.14; I2 = 0%, p = 0.99) or neutropenia (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.82–1.21, p = 0.96; I2 = 0%, p = 0.70). Conclusions: Adding PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors to neoadjuvant chemotherapy can improve pCR rates in TNBC patients without increasing hematological toxicities. The data suggests that PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors may be a viable option for patients with TNBC.
Predictive Value of Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Level for Postoperative Endometriosis Recurrence in Patients with Ovarian Endometriosis
Authors: Zou Yanfen , Ding Yuan
Published: September 2023

Background: Postoperative recurrence remains a problem for endometriosis. The study aimed to study whether baseline serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels can predict postoperative endometriosis recurrence. Methods: We included 147 patients with ovarian endometriosis who received laparoscopic endometrioma excision and postoperative gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment with hormonal add-back therapy between 2017 and 2019 in a tertiary hospital. According to endometriosis recurrence within 2 years, the patients were divided into two groups and baseline serum VEGF level measured before the surgery were compared. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between baseline serum VEGF level and endometriosis recurrence, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated to examine its predictive performance. Results: The mean age of the patients was 30.1 ± 6.0 years with a duration of dysmenorrhea of 60.3 ± 35.0 months before surgery, and the majority (88.4%) were with revised American Fertility Society (rAFS) stage III or IV. Eight (5.44%) patients had endometriosis recurrence within 2 years. Compared with patients without recurrence, patients with recurrence were significantly younger (25.9 ± 4.3 vs. 30.3 ± 6.0 years, p = 0.040) and had higher baseline serum VEGF levels (689.67 ± 127.38 vs. 547.87 ± 171.31 pg/mL, p = 0.023), but there was no difference in other baseline characteristics. Serum VEGF levels were significantly associated with endometriosis recurrence (odds ratio 1.008 per pg/mL increase, 95% confidence interval 1.001–1.014) after adjusting for other baseline characteristics. The AUC of serum VEGF levels for predicting postoperative endometriosis recurrence was 0.741 (95% confidence interval 0.594–0.887). Conclusions: Baseline serum VEGF level is an independent risk factor of postoperative endometriosis recurrence and might be useful for predicting endometriosis recurrence.
Critical Aspects of Endometrial Polyp Clinical Management: A Narrative Review
Authors: Ceci Oronzo Ruggiero , Franchini Mario
Published: September 2023

Objective: Endometrial polyps are one of the most often diagnosed gynecological pathologic findings, affecting women from reproductive age to advanced menopause. In women of childbearing age, they can cause infertility, although a clear cause-and-effect relationship is not always evident. In postmenopausal women, endometrial polyps may manifest primarily with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). They are usually benign lesions, and the malignant transformation, especially in menopausal women, occurs infrequently increasing with age. The ultrasound suspicion of an endometrial polyp requires a better definition of its size, position, and nature through hysteroscopy. Hysteroscopy performed as an outpatient procedure, in addition to diagnosis may be followed by the simultaneous removal of the polyp (see & treat approach). If this is not possible in an outpatient setting, polypectomy can be performed in the operating theatre by means of resectoscopy or mechanical hysteroscopic tissue removal (mHTR) system. This critical study about the management of endometrial polyps, intends to examine what is still being discussed in this regard. Mechanism: A narrative review was conducted analyzing the available literature regarding the management of endometrial polyps in infertile childbearing age and pre and postmenopausal women. Findings in Brief: There is no agreement that all endometrial polyps should be removed. Polyps <10 mm can be monitored over time. In infertile women, polypectomy is recommended because it is a possible impediment to fertilization, or for Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) procedures, however not all studies are of agreement. For patients with polyps symptomatic of AUB, polypectomy must always be recommended. Conclusions: Following an endometrial polyp diagnosis by hysteroscopy, the decision to operate should be considered for infertile women or for those with large or symptomatic menopausal polyps. Due to the lack of clear guidelines, the decision can be postponed by adopting careful surveillance in some cases.
Association Analysis of Free Thyroid Hormones, Subclinical Hypothyroidism, and Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody in the First Trimester with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Zhou Yi , Dong Yang
Published: September 2023

Background: We aimed to investigate the association of free thyroxin (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOab) in the first trimester with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: We recruited 110 pregnant women with GDM and 100 pregnant women without GDM who had normal 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results between June 2019 and June 2021. We collected basic data from all participants and compared serum FT3 and FT4 levels, SCH, and TPOab (+) incidences in the first trimester between the two groups. We used logistic regression to identify factors that influence the development of GDM. Results: Serum FT3 levels were 4.58 ± 0.78 and 4.61 ±1.42 pmol/L in the GDM group and Control group, while FT4 levels were 9.32 ± 2.54 and 10.24 ± 2.77 pmol/L. The incidence of SCH were 25.5% and 14.0%, while TPO (+) were 20.0% and 10.0%. The GDM group’s FT4 levels were significantly lower than the control group’s, whereas the GDM group’s age, incidence of SCH, and TPOab (+) were significantly higher (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age, SCH and TPO (+) were risk factors for GDM (p < 0.05), the regression equation: logit p = –3.484 + 0.105 (age) + 1.128 (SCH) + 1.294 (TPOab (+)). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that monitoring the changes in FT4 levels, SCH, and TPOab (+) incidence in the first trimester may be useful in predicting the occurrence and development of GDM.
Evaluating Dual Task Neurological Costs with Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy: A Preliminary Report in Healthy Athletes
Authors: Stephens Jaclyn A , Mingils Susan , Orlandi Silvia
Published: September 2023

Background: Dual task assessments, which simultaneously challenge and assess cognitive and motor performance, have been used to improve the assessment of athletes with sports-related concussions (SRC). Our lab created a Dual Task Screen (DTS) to evaluate athletes with SRCs, and we have established that it is a valid behavioral measure, as it consistently elicits poorer behavioral performance under dual, compared to single, task conditions. Here, we used a Neuroimaging-Compatible (NC) version of the DTS, named the NC-DTS, which uses portable functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to assess behavioral performance and neural recruitment during single and dual tasks. Our study objective was to evaluate healthy athletes and establish whether the NC-DTS is a valid dual task neurological assessment that can elicit different patterns of neural recruitment during dual versus single task conditions. Methods: Twenty-five healthy collegiate athletes completed the NC-DTS in a single laboratory visit. The NC-DTS includes a lower and upper extremity subtask; both include single motor, single cognitive, and dual task conditions. The NC-DTS was administered in a block design, where conditions (i.e., single motor, single cognitive, and dual task) were repeated five times to generate average behavioral performance and task-dependent neural recruitment in superficial cortical regions including: prefrontal cortex, bilateral primary motor and sensory cortices, and posterior parietal cortex. Neural recruitment was measured with fNIRS and quantified using oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (HbR) metrics. A single-tailed, within subject t-test was used to compare average dual task behavioral performance to average single task behavioral performance. Pairwise comparisons, that were family-wise-error (FWE) corrected, were used to compare localized neural recruitment during dual versus single task conditions. Results: As observed in previous studies, the NC-DTS elicited significantly poorer behavioral performance under dual, compared to single, task conditions. Additionally, dual task conditions of the NC-DTS elicited significantly greater neural recruitment in regions of the brain associated with attention allocation and task-specific demands in three of four comparisons. Conclusions: These preliminary results suggest that the NC-DTS is a valid dual task neurological assessment which warrants future work using the NC-DTS to evaluate athletes with SRCs.
Stress Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Detection of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Vinco Giulia , Dugo Clementina , Rigolli Marzia , Demattè Cristina , Giovanelli Cristiana , Caruso Fabio , Marinetti Alessandro , Chiampan Andrea , Cicciò Carmelo , Quattrocchi Carlo Cosimo , Molon Giulio , Del Greco Maurizio
Published: September 2023

Stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging has received extensive validation for the assessment of ischemic heart disease. Without ionizing radiation exposure, it offers in-depth information regarding cardiac structure and function, presence and degree of myocardial ischemia and myocardial viability. When compared to other imaging modalities, it has demonstrated excellent sensitivity and specificity in detecting functionally relevant coronary artery stenosis, as well as strong prognostic value in clinical risk stratification. The current scientific data support a greater expansion of stress CMR. This review investigates the current stress CMR techniques and protocols, as well as its relevance in diagnosis and prognosis of coronary artery disease.
Short- and Medium-Term Outcomes Comparison of Native- and Valve-in-Valve TAVI Procedures
Authors: Bartos Peter V. , Molnar Balazs , Herold Zoltan , Dekany Gabor , Piroth Zsolt , Horvath Gergely , Ahres Abdelkrim , Heesch Christian M , Czobor Nikoletta R. , Satish Sai , Pinter Tunde , Fontos Geza , Andreka Peter
Published: September 2023

Background: In high-risk patients with degenerated aortic bioprostheses, valve-in-valve (ViV) transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has emerged as a less invasive alternative to surgical valve replacement. To compare outcomes of ViV and native valve (NV) TAVI procedures. Methods: 34 aortic ViV-TAVI performed between 2012 and 2022 using self-expanding valves, were included in this retrospective analysis. Propensity score matching (1:2 ratio, 19 criteria) was used to select a comparison NV-TAVI group from a database of 1206 TAVI procedures. Clinical and echocardiographic endpoints, short- and long-term all-cause mortality (ACM) and cardiovascular mortality (CVM) data were obtained. Subgroup analyses were completed according to the true internal diameter, dividing patients into a small (≤19 mm) valve group (SVG) and a large (>19 mm) valve group (LVG). Results: Clinical outcomes of ViV- and NV-TAVI were comparable, including device success [88.2% vs. 91.1%, p = 0.727], major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events [5.8% vs. 5.8%, p = 1.000], hemodialysis need [5.8% vs. 2.9%, p = 0.599], pacemaker need [2.9% vs. 11.7%, p = 0.265], major vascular complications [2.9% vs. 1.4%, p = 1.000], life-threatening or major bleeding [2.9% vs. 1.4%, p = 1.000] and in-hospital mortality [8.8% vs. 5.9%, p = 0.556]. There was a significant difference in the immediate post-intervention mean residual aortic valve gradient (MAVG) [14.6 ± 8.5 mm Hg vs. 6.4 ± 4.5 mm Hg, p < 0.0001], which persisted at 1 year [p = 0.0002]. There were no differences in 12- or 30-month ACM [11.8% vs. 8.8%, p = 0.588; 23.5% vs. 27.9%, p = 0.948], and CVM [11.8% vs. 7.3%, p = 0.441; 23.5% vs. 16.2%, p = 0.239]. Lastly, there was no difference in CVM at 1 year and 30 months [11.1% vs. 12.5%, p = 0.889; 22.2% vs. 25.0%, p = 0.742]. Conclusions: Analyzing a limited group (n = 34) of ViV-TAVI procedures out of 1206 TAVIs done at a single institution, ViV-TAVI appeared to be an acceptable approach in patients not deemed appropriate candidates for redo valve replacement surgery. Clinical outcomes of ViV-TAVI were comparable to TAVI for native valve stenosis.
Wall Motion Score Index Predicts Persistent Moderate or Severe Secondary Mitral Regurgitation and its Prognostic Role in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Qiao Linfang , Huang Haozhang , Liu Jiulin , Jia Congzhuo , He Yibo , Yu Sijia , Lu Hongyu , Zhou Ziyou , Chang Tian , Chen Shiqun , Tan Ning , Liu Jin , Liu Yong , Chen Jiyan
Published: September 2023

Background: Patients with secondary mitral regurgitation (sMR) often present with greater mortality and comorbidity, which may be predicted by some risk factors. This study was designed to investigate the prognostic meaning of the echocardiographically detected wall motion score index (WMSI) in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with moderate or severe baseline sMR who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) therapy. Methods: The present study was a multi-center and prospective cohort of consecutive CAD patients with baseline moderate or severe sMR who underwent PCI. All underwent echocardiography at baseline and at follow-up after PCI to assess sMR and WMSI. The primary endpoint was the persistence of moderate or severe sMR after the second echocardiographic measurement. Logistic and Cox proportional hazards models were constructed for the primary (persistent moderate or severe sMR) and secondary (worsening heart failure [HF]; all-cause mortality; cardiovascular-specific mortality; and major adverse cardiovascular events [MACE]) endpoints. Results: Among 920 participants, 483 had WMSI values of ≥1.47, and 437 were less. Of all the participants, 366 (39.8%) continued to have moderate or severe sMR after the second echocardiogram measurement. After full adjustment for confounders, elevated WMSI after PCI was independently associated with the primary endpoint during 3–12 month follow-up. Similarly, elevated WMSI was associated with increased risk of worsening HF, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular-specific mortality, and MACE. Conclusions: Persistent moderate or severe sMR is common (approximately 40%) in PCI patients. Elevated WMSI in CAD patients after PCI is a predictor of persistent moderate or severe sMR and has independent negative prognostic value. Patients with CAD and sMR should be monitored for WMSI to identify those at higher risk of mortality and comorbidity.
Cultivating Wellness and Curbing Costs: A Systematic Paradigm for Enhancing The U.S. Healthcare System through Patient Education
Authors: Ling Siriust
Published: September 2023

Each year, Americans spend increasingly significant amounts of money on healthcare costs. The American Medical Association estimates that U.S. healthcare spending grew 2.7 percent in 2021, reaching $4.3 trillion or 18.3% of the nation’s Gross Domestic Product. Despite these statistics, healthcare quality and accessibility remain problematic. Many approaches have been suggested and implemented in response to these major shortcomings. Some of these remedies have included the proliferation of mid-tier healthcare providers such as nurse practitioners and physician’s assistants to alleviate the strain on doctors. However, there is sufficient evidence that patient education can critically impact the efficacy of the healthcare system and merits serious consideration for better patient outcomes and potentially reducing healthcare costs. This paper describes challenges and opportunities to patient education based on extensive research and practical insights from various disciplines. Furthermore, this paper sets forth recommendations for promoting a comprehensive, cohesive, and evolving patient education framework. 
Frontier poetry of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty
Authors: Jie Yu
Published: September 2023

Frontier poetry is the specific literature of the Tang Dynasty era. It tells about military campaigns against the enemies of China. It depicts the whole life world of the defenders of the country, for instance their exploits and everyday life, everyday features, feelings and emotions. A characteristic feature of this poetry is the borrowing of facts and plots from historical writings about the past of the empire to describe the events of the Tang time proper. All these characteristic features of frontier poetry are analyzed on the example of the poem of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.
A New Bayesian Scaling Approach to Party Position and Issue Salience
Authors: Wang Chendi , Zhai Haoyu
Published: September 2023

In this paper we develop a new Bayesian scaling method for estimating party policy preferences (position and salience) from the popular Comparative Manifestos Project (CMP) data. Our method uses a Bayesian hierarchical modelling approach that integrates theory-driven model specification with data-driven parameter estimation, to achieve meaningful and flexible measure construction from the entire CMP dataset. In particular, it (1) takes more appropriate distributional assumptions about observed data, (2) incorporates multiple levels of information (party, election, and country) into the model, and (3) estimates the full set of parameters at the same time, that improves upon the quality, generalisability, and efficiency of the resulting measures. Our method also allows for scale decomposition at different levels of analysis as well as uncertainty quantification through built-in procedure. Compared to existing measures using the CMP data, our new scales are shown to have superior performances in capturing parties’ latent strategic preferences across countries and electoral contests. Beyond the CMP data, our method can also be readily applied to other types of pre-processed text data for latent feature recovery and measure construction.
SLC45A4 is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that solute carrier family 45 member 4, encoded by SLC45A4, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. SLC45A4 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of SLC45A4 in primary tumors was correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of SLC45A4 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Manajemen Strategik
Authors: Rasyid Abdul , Steven  , Sembiring Malinda Sari , Syamsiyah Nur , Sudirman Acai , Sarjana Sri , Pontoan Karen Alfa , Razak Ikhsan S. Abd. , Hasbi ariandy , Karman Abd , Supriatna Ade , Ramadonna Yullya , R Misra Yeni
Published: September 2023

Puji syukur kehadirat Tuhan YME, karena atas limpahan rahmat dan karunia-Nya, sehingga buku ini selesai disusun dan berhasil diterbitkan. Kehadiran Buku Manajemen Strategik ini disusun oleh para akademisi dan praktisi dalam bentuk buku kolaborasi. Walaupun masih jauh dari kesempurnaan, tetapi kami mengharapkan buku ini dapat menjadi referensi atau bahan bacaan dalam menambah khasanah keilmuan khususnya mengenai Manajemen Strategik. Sistematika penulisan buku ini diuraikan dalam tigabelas bab yang memuat tentang Ruang lingkup Manajemen Strategik, Sejarah dan Perkembangan Manajemen Strategik, Visi, Misi, dan Tujuan Perusahaan, Analisis Lingkungan Eksternal, Manajemen Strategik, Formulasi Strategi, Strategi Bisnis (Bersaing), Strategi Fokus Pelanggan, Implementasi Strategi, Manajemen Strategi SDM, Manajemen Strategi pada Proses Operasional, Manajemen Strategi Keuangan, dan bab terakhir yaitu Evaluasi dan Pengendalian Strategik. Ucapan terima kasih yang tak terhingga kepada seluruh pihak yang telah memberikan kontribusi dalam seluruh rangkaian penyusunan sampai penerbitan buku ini. Secara khusus, terima kasih kepada Media Sains Indonesia sebagai inisiator bunga rampai ini. Buku ini tentunya masih banyak kekurangan dan keterbatasan, saran dari pembaca sekalian sangat berarti demi perbaikan karya selanjutnya. Akhir kata, semoga buku ini bermanfaat bagi para pembaca.
Advancements in Emergency Medicine: Innovations and Challenges in Critical Care
Authors: William Hannah
Published: September 2023

Advancements in Emergency Medicine: Innovations and Challenges in Critical Care
Hierarchy of Demographic and Social Determinants of Mental Health
Authors: Bala Jerzy , Newson Jennifer , Thiagarajan Tara
Published: September 2023

Objectives:To understand the extent to which various demographic and social determinants predict mental wellbeing status and their relative hierarchy of predictive power in order to prioritize and develop population-based preventative approaches.Design:Cross-sectional analysis of survey data.Setting:Internet based survey from 32 countries across North America, Europe, Latin America, Middle East and North Africa, Sub Saharan Africa, South Asia and Australia.Participants:270,000 adults aged 18-85+ who participated in the Mental Health Million project.Primary and secondary outcome measures:We utilized 120+ demographic and social determinants to predict the aggregate mental health score of individuals (MHQ) and determine their relative predictive influence using various types of machine learning models including random forest, gradient boosting and logistic regression. The MHQ is derived from self-ratings of 47 mental health elements spanning ten disorders and provides a score that positions individuals along a spectrum from negative to positive mental health status that aligns with life impact and function criterion.Results:Classification models correctly identified 80% of those with a negative MHQ, while regression models predicted the specific MHQ score within ±15% of the position on the scale. Factors with the biggest predictive impact were young age followed by frequency of social interaction with friends, frequency of good sleep and physical exercise, and number of traumatic experiences. Age had twice the predictive power of social interaction which, in turn, was twice as important as the next four most important factors. Other predictive factors included sexual abuse, cyberbullying, and use of sleeping pills and sedatives.Conclusion:Social determinants of traumas and adversities and lifestyle can account for 60-70% of mental health challenges. However, additional factors are at play, particularly in younger age groups that are not included in this data and need further investigation.
Navigating Critical Care: Anesthesia and Surgical Considerations in Emergency Situations
Authors: David Alexander
Published: September 2023

Navigating Critical Care: Anesthesia and Surgical Considerations in Emergency Situations
The war on flags: The opposition to symbolic politics of gender and sexual equality.
Authors: Ortega Alberto Lopez
Published: September 2023

Attacks against LGBTQ+ and gender equality symbols are escalating across Western European countries, including those at the forefront of sexual modernism. Drawing on data from Spain, this paper theorizes and finds that LGBTQ+ symbols receive significantly more negativity than other aspects of LGBTQ+ issues related to general and specific attitudes toward formal rights. The negativity is primarily explained by support for Vox, a radical right-wing party, and age. The study provides insights into the complexities of public opinion surrounding LGBTQ+ symbols, offering a nuanced understanding of the challenges faced by the LGBTQ+ community in terms of acceptance and visibility. Furthermore, it highlights the influence of political affiliations and generational factors in shaping these attitudes.
MFSD2A is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that major facilitator superfamily domain-containing 2A, encoded by MFSD2A, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. MFSD2A mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of MFSD2A in primary tumors was correlated with overall, distant metastasis-free and recurrence-free survival. Modulation of MFSD2A expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Catchment characterization: current descriptors, knowledge gaps and future opportunities
Authors: Tarasova Larisa , Gnann Sebastian , Yang Soohyun , Hartmann Andreas , Wagener Thorsten
Published: September 2023

An ability to describe hydrologically relevant differences between places is at the core of our science. A common way to characterize hydrological catchments is to use descriptors that summarize important physical aspects of the system, often by aggregating heterogeneous geospatial data into a single number. Such descriptors aim to capture various facets of catchment functioning and structure, identify similarity or dissimilarity, and transfer information among them. However, so far there is no agreement on how catchment descriptors should be selected, aggregated and evaluated. Even worse, little is known about the existence of potential biases in the current practices to characterize catchments. In this systematic review, we analyze 742 research articles published between 1967 and 2021 to provide a categorized overview of current and historical practices of catchment characterization (i.e., data sources, aggregation and evaluation methods) in hydrological science and related disciplines. We uncover the existence of substantial biases in catchment characterization: (1) only 16% of the analyzed studies are in dry environments, even though such environments cover 42% of global land surface; (2) only 30% of studies use subsurface features for catchment characterization; (3) only 4% and 9% of descriptors are aggregated in spatially- and vertically-differentiated way respectively, while the absolute majority of descriptors are simple averages and do not account for hydrologically-relevant variabilities of features within catchments; (4) 25% of analyzed studies do not evaluate the usefulness and none of the analyzed studies quantify the uncertainties of catchment descriptors. We demonstrate the potential effects of these biases on our ability to effectively characterize catchments and identify functional similarity of catchment behavior with illustrative examples. Finally, we suggest possible ways to derive more robust, comprehensive and hydrologically meaningful catchment descriptors.
Groundwaterscapes: A global classification and mapping of groundwater’s large-scale socioeconomic, ecological, and Earth system functions
Authors: Huggins Xander , Gleeson Tom , Villholth Karen , Rocha Juan , Famiglietti James
Published: September 2023

Groundwater is a dynamic component of the global water cycle with important social, economic, ecological, and Earth system functions. We present a new global classification and mapping of groundwater systems, which we call groundwaterscapes, that represent predominant configurations of large-scale groundwater system functions. We identify 18 groundwaterscapes, which offer a new lens to conceptualize, study, model, and manage groundwater. Groundwaterscapes are empirically derived using a novel application of sequenced self-organizing maps and capture grid cell level (5 arcminute) patterns in groundwater system functions, such as groundwater-dependent ecosystem type and density, storage capacity, irrigation, and integrated groundwater management. All large aquifer systems of the world are characterized by multiple groundwaterscapes, highlighting the pitfalls of treating these groundwater bodies as lumped systems in global assessments. We evaluate the distribution of Global Groundwater Monitoring Network wells across groundwaterscapes and find that industrial agricultural regions with strong groundwater management are disproportionately monitored, while several groundwaterscapes have next to no monitoring wells at all. This disparity undermines the ability to understand system dynamics across the full range of settings in which groundwater is found. We argue groundwaterscapes offer a conceptual and spatial tool to guide model development, hypothesis testing, and future data collection initiatives to better understand groundwater’s embeddedness within social-ecological systems at the global scale.
Effects of Racial Discrimination on Stress, Negative Emotions, and Alcohol Craving: A Registered Report of a Virtual Reality Experiment
Authors: Lui P. Priscilla , Gobrial Sarah , Stringer Elizabeth , Jouriles Ernest
Published: September 2023

Objectives: Racial discrimination experiences contribute to health disparities and can influence individuals’ health. Yet, pathways by which discrimination-related experiences affect alcohol craving remain understudied using experimental designs. Additionally, limited research has examined possible differential effects of “major” discrimination and microaggression experiences in everyday life on alcohol craving. This between-groups experiment examined causal effects of everyday racial discrimination on stress, negative emotions, and alcohol craving. We also tested indirect pathways by which discrimination-related experiences were linked to alcohol craving via stress and negative emotions. Method: People of color and Indigenous peoples participated in the study (N=184; Mage=23.90; 47.8% women; 48.9% community adults). Participants were randomized to one of four experimental conditions, in which they experienced in virtual environments either “major” discrimination, microinsult, microinvalidation, or daily hassles unrelated to race/racism. Participants’ levels of stress, negative emotions, and alcohol craving were assessed immediately before and after experimental simulations. Results: Compared to daily hassles unrelated to race/racism, simulated racial discrimination elicited greater stress and negative emotions. Daily hassles caused greater alcohol craving among those who endorsed higher levels of coping motives for drinking. We observed minimal differences in stress and negative emotions across the three racial discrimination conditions, and found no evidence supporting indirect links between racial discrimination and alcohol craving via stress and negative emotions. Conclusion: Everyday racial discrimination—regardless of intensity level—is more stressful than daily hassles unrelated to race/racism. Future research should examine cumulative effects of racial discrimination, and understanding individual difference factors that moderate its immediate and delayed effects.
The importance of decomposing periodic and aperiodic EEG signals for assessment of brain function in a global context
Authors: Del Bianco Teresa , Haartsen Rianne , Mason Luke , Carter Leno Virginia Madeleine , Springer Pricilla , Potter Mandy , Mackay Wendy , Smit Petrusa , du Plessis Carlie , Brink Lucy , Johnson Mark Henry , Murphy Declan , Loth Eva , Odendaal Hein , Jones Emily J.H.
Published: September 2023

Measures of early neuro-cognitive development that are suitable for use in low resource settings are needed to enable studies of the effects of early adversity on the developing brain in a global context. These measures should have high acquisition rates and good face and construct validity. Here, we investigated the feasibility of a naturalistic electroencephalography (EEG) paradigm in a low-resource context during childhood. Additionally, we examined the sensitivity of periodic and aperiodic EEG metrics to social and non-social stimuli. We recorded simultaneous 20-channel EEG and eye-tracking in 72 children aged 4-12 years (45 females) while they watched videos of women singing nursery rhymes and moving toys, selected to represent familiar childhood experiences. These measures were part of feasibility study that assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a follow-up data collection of the South African Safe Passage Study, which tracks environmental adversity and brain and cognitive development from before birth up until childhood. We examined whether data quantity and quality varied with child characteristics, and the sensitivity of varying EEG metrics (canonical band power in the theta and alpha band and periodic and aperiodic features of the power spectra). We found that children who completed the EEG and eye-tracking assessment were, in general, representative of the full cohort. Data quantity was higher in children with greater visual attention to the stimuli. Out of the tested EEG metrics, periodic measures in the theta frequency range were most sensitive to condition differences compared to alpha range measures and canonical and aperiodic EEG measures. Our results show that measuring EEG during ecologically valid social and non-social stimuli is feasible in low resource settings, is feasible to most children and produces robust indices of social brain function. This work provides preliminary support for testing longitudinal links between social brain function, environmental factors, and emerging behaviours.
Detecting stress in college freshmen from wearable sleep data
Authors: Bloomfield Laura , Fudolig Mikaela I. , Dodds Peter Sheridan , Kim Julia , Llorin Jordan , Lovato Juniper L. , McGinnis Ellen , McGinnis Ryan S. , Price Matthew , Ricketts Taylor , Stanton Kathryn , Danforth Christopher M.
Published: September 2023

Sleep plays an important role in health and functioning, yet little is known about how it is linked to stress in young adults. Consumer wearables have been particularly successful at quantifying sleep and may be useful in identifying changes in mental health. The transition to college has a notable impact onboth stress and sleep behaviors. Students from a public university provided continuous biometric data and answered weekly surveys for their first semester of college (N=507). Longitudinal models showed that increased average respiratory rate during sleep was associated with higher weekly perceived stress scores, effects that persisted after controlling for gender, race, first-generation status, mental health history, trauma history. Specifically, for every increased breath per minute, the odds of experiencing moderate-to-high stress were 1.25 times higher (a 25% increase), holding demographic and psychological history variables constant. Notably, relationships with stress were specific to respiratory rate, but were not found with other sleep measures previously linked to stress, such as heart rate variability, total sleep hours, sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency, and wake up count. Consistent with previous work, female gender, a previous mental health diagnosis, and previous exposure to multiple traumas were significantly associated with self-reported stress. These findings point to respiratory rate as a potentially important factor to measure due to its robust association with stress among college students. Wearable data may help us identify, understand, and to better predict stress, a strong signal of the ongoing mental health epidemic among college students.
„23+ Starke Schulen“: Ermutigen, Unterstützen und Herausfordern
Authors: Vaccaro Julia
Published: September 2023

Das Programm „23+ Starke Schulen“ in Hamburg unterstützt seit 2013 Schulen in sozialräumlich benachteiligter Lage. Der folgende Bericht der Programmleitung beschreibt und reflektiert die Architektur, Prozesse, Maßnahmen und Wirkungen mit Blick auf die Schul- und Unterrichtsentwicklung an inzwischen 40 Schulen in herausfordernden sozialen Lagen.
Rezension: Handbuch Demokratiepädagogik
Authors: Torrau Sören
Published: September 2023

Beutel, Wolfgang; Gloe, Markus; Himmelmann, Gerhard; Lange, Dirk; Reinhardt, Volker & Seifert, Anne (Hrsg.) (2022): Handbuch Demokratiepädagogik. Wochenschau Verlag / Debus Pädagogik, 801 S., 59,90 €
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ ENGLISH SKILLS BY WATCHING MINING VIDEOS
Authors: Siwidiani Indri Lesta
Published: September 2023

Nothing is impossible in this world, this expression shows that when people want to achieve their dreams, they must try hard to make them come true, there’s a saying: no pain no gain. Anyone needs effort to push themselves to be such persons they want. For mining engineering students who want to continue their studies abroad, to become article writers in international media, to become international speakers or presenters at international seminars or workshops or at events, but English proficiency is their barriers. The recommended way to improve their English skills is by watching mining videos habitually, regularly and consistently at any time they have spare time. They will not only be fluent in mastering English both in written and spoken forms, but they will also gain a lot of experience, knowledge and technology applied in mining engineering and in ores or mineral processing more broadly and globally.