bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance and Analysis of UWB Aesthetic Pattern Textile Antenna for WBAN Applications
Authors: Annalakshmi Thillaigovindhan , Ramesh Subramaniam
Published: February 2021

This article proposes a new aesthetic pattern-three petal flower patch antenna that operates at Ultra Wide Band (UWB) for Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) applications. The flower structure consists of three petals and a center circle patch with the partial
ground plane at the bottom. A double-sided copper-coated conductive fabric, which is 0.08 mm thick, having a surface resistivity of 0.05 Ω/square, serves as the antenna patch and ground material. This conductive patch is placed in a denim jeans material with 1mm thick that forms the substrate. The utilization of a two-layer substrate and partial ground method enhances the impedance bandwidth of the antenna. The size of the antenna is 60 mm × 60 mm × 2.16 mm. The reflection coefficient, gain, efficiency, radiation pattern, and effects of bending were the various parameters analyzed for the flower antenna. The antenna radiates from 3 to 12 GHz, which covers the entire UWB frequency range from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz assigned by Federal Communications Commission (FCC). The measurement results validate the performance of a flower patch antenna.
A Third-Order Bandpass Three-Dimensional Frequency Selective Surface with Multiple Transmission Zeros
Authors: Yu Zhengyong , Tang Wanchun
Published: February 2021

We present a third-order bandpass three-dimensional frequency selective surface (3D FSS) with multiple transmission zeros in this paper. The unit cell of the proposed 3D FSS consists of an air-filled square waveguide and a cuboid dielectric block with three
concentric metallic square loops. Due to its inner electromagnetic coupling in the unit cell, this FSS provides a flat passband with three transmission poles, a wide out-of-band rejection with three transmission zeros, and high frequency selectivity. In order to explain the working principle, an equivalent circuit model is established and investigated. Finally, an FSS prototype is fabricated and measured, and the results exhibit good stability for both TE and TM polarizations under incident angles from 0° to 50°. Besides, this FSS has a relatively compact unit cell.
Radiated Susceptibility Analysis of Multiconductor Transmission Lines Based on Polynomial Chaos
Authors: Wang Tianhao , Yu Quanyi , Yu Xianli , Gao Le , Zhao Huanyu
Published: February 2021

To address the uncertainties of the radiated susceptibility of multiconductor transmission lines (MTLs), a surrogate model of the MTLs radiated susceptibility is established based on generalized polynomial chaos (gPC), and the gPC is made sparser by combining the adaptive hyperbolic truncation (AHT) scheme and the least angle regression (LAR) method. The uncertainties of the radiated susceptibility of transmission lines are calculated using the adaptive-sparse polynomial chaos (AS-PC) scheme. The parameters related to the incident field, such as elevation angle theta, azimuth angle psi, polarization angle eta, and field amplitude E, are inevitably random. Therefore, these four variables are taken as random input variables, and each of them is subject to different variable distributions. The MTLs model with infinite ground as the reference conductor is
adopted, different impedances are used and the AS-PC scheme is combined with transmission line theory to calculate the average, standard deviation and probability
distribution of the radiated susceptibility of MTLs. Sobol global sensitivity analysis based on variance decomposition is adopted to calculate the influence of random input variables on the MTLs radiated susceptibility model. The calculation results are compared with the results of the Monte Carlo (MC) method, proving that the proposed method is correct and feasible.
Alianzas, negociación y luchas agrarias en Sinaloa, México 1915-1930
Authors: Santos Cenobio Rafael
Published: February 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar a través de dos comunidades las alianzas, las negociaciones, los conflictos y las relaciones de poder en Sinaloa, México de 1915 a 1930. Para eso, se recurrió al método de estudio de caso, que implicó seleccionar las comunidades de Tepuche, municipio de Culiacán y El Zapote, municipio de Sinaloa, que solicitaron restitución de tierras a partir de la Ley Agraria del 6 de enero de 1915, sin embargo, posteriormente para defender sus tierras se enfrentaron a caudillos y hacendados, quienes ascendieron al poder en Sinaloa. La estrategia utilizada por las comunidades fue a través de las armas, la lucha legal y las conexiones políticas en el gobierno local, nacional y el Congreso de la Unión.
La historia social de Huasca de Ocampo y el programa pueblos mágicos
Authors: Velázquez García Mario Alberto , Bautista Moedano Fabiola
Published: February 2021

En este artículo presentamos un análisis de la vida social de algunos de las personas y lugares que caracterizan a la población mexicana Huasca de Ocampo, Hidalgo. El objetivo del estudio es mostrar los cambios que se producen en una población específica, pero también en la sociedad nacional, cuando se valoran, usan y comercializan lugares para el turismo alejados de su identidad cultural, generando un producto que resulta alejado de las creencias y vida cultural de la población que habita dichos espacios. En este caso, una localidad contemplada en el programa federal Pueblos Mágicos del gobierno federal mexicano.
THE EFFECT OF MURCCHITA TILA TAILA BASED PANCHAKARMA PROCEDURE AND BALAPANCHAMRITA YOGA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF CEREBRAL PALSY IN CHILDREN: A SINGLE ARM PROSPECTIVE CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Upasana Sonker  , Mahapatra Arun Kumar  , Rajagopala S
Published: February 2021

Cerebral palsy appear in early childhood due to damage of developing parts of the brain that control the movement, balance, posture and other functions of the body. The early diagnosis of CP is based on the symptoms of poor head control, poor coordination, stiff muscles, weak muscle, tremors and gross motor developmental delay. As per Ayurveda, all functional activity of the body is regulated by the Vata Dosha. Vitiated Vata shows same symptoms like cerebral palsy due to its Ruksha, Sheeta and Khara gunas. So that the aim of treatment is to pacifying the vitiated Vata Dosha by Panchakarma procedures with normal Murcchita Tila Taila; and assess their effect on spasticity, range of movement and in quality of life in children. Murcchita Tila Taila shows significant response at the end of trail/therapy. In this study, the effect of Panchakarma therapy with Mucchita Tila Taila has shown 78.58% patients with mild response I and 21.42% patients with mild response II on both Modified Ashworth scale and Gross Motor Function Manual Scale, 85.71% patients with mild response I and 14.29% patient with no response on Quality of life scale.
KARNINI YONIVYAPAD W.S.R TO CERVICAL EROSION – A CASE STUDY
Authors: Richa Tiwari  , Buduru Pushpalatha , Bharathi Kumaramangalam
Published: February 2021

Karnini Yonivyapad is described with its own pathogenesis and treatment in classical text. It can be compared with cervical erosion due to its clinical appearance. Among all Yonivyapad, only this Yonivyapad is related with cell pathology. In present circumstances when cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical cancer are the burning issues in front of whole world, it is necessary to understand physiology and pathology of cervix in benign stages so that an appropriate prevention or treatment can be done at this stage. An ideal and complete treatment of pathological erosion should be that which destroy the ectopic columnar epithelium and make healthy cell environment so that regression of erosion will take place properly. Virechana karma is the radical purification that eliminates waste products, toxins and aggravated doshas from the body. As aggravated Doshas are the primary cause of disease, this method is the most direct for curative purposes. In present study, patient with Karnini yonivyapada is treated with combination of Shodhan, shaman and local therapy. Trivrit Lehya has been selected for Virechana karma because in all the herbs easy and safe among purgative is Trivrit. Apamarga (Achyranthes aspera L.) kshar Tail used for Yoni pichu and Triphala Guggul is selected for Shaman chikitsa, which is seen to be very much effective.
MULTIDIMENSIONAL CONCEPT OF BALA ACCORDING TO AYURVEDA AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN TREATMENT - A REVIEW
Authors: Aishwarya Ashish Joglekar  , Choudhary Anita  , Dasmohapatra Itishree  , Vyas Mahesh  , Bhojani Meera K  , Pathak Pankaj
Published: February 2021

Ayurveda always provides the study of any concept from various dimensions. The physiological and anatomical entities explained in Ayurveda have many facets leading to deeper understanding of concepts. The entity of Bala according to Ayurveda is also multidimensional. Bala as described in Ayurveda is quite similar to concept of immunity. It can be correlated with the entities like Ojas, Vyadhi Kshamatava, Kapha Prakrita Karma. Bala plays a key role in diagnosis and treatment of diseases in Ayurveda. Its functioning depends on the equilibrium of various physiological characteristics like Agni, Aahara, Dosha, Prakriti, Sarata etc. Immunity is the main component in determining the prognosis, progression and waning of diseases. Thus, Bala and immunity are inter-related and go hand in hand. While looking into Ayurveda literature it is evident that the Bala entity is involved in Sadhya- Asadhyatwa, Arishta Lakshana, Nidan Panchaka Ghataka like Hetu, Poorvaroopa, Rupa, Samprapti etc. Thus, Bala Parikshana is pivotal in the diagnosis. Similarly, Bala also determines the treatment modality to be used in any kind of Vyadhi. It is also important in determining the line of treatment. Choice of treatment for that matter is largely dependent on Bala. Hence it can be concluded that the Bala entity is multifaceted and is definitely pivotal for the diagnosis and treatment in Ayurvedic point of view.
PHARMACEUTICAL AND ANALYTICAL STUDY OF ABHRAK BHASMA
Authors: Nandurkar Vishal Marotrao
Published: February 2021

Bhasma are the unique and important organometallic preparations used in Ayurveda Therapeutics. Bhasma are complex structures generally prepared by repeated incineration of metals and minerals with medicinal herbs decoction or juices. Abhrak Bhasma is an excellent cellular regenerator and nervine tonic. It is indicated in various chronic diseases such as tuberculosis, COPD and many types of cardiac diseases. Considering the principles of Ras-shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana and also the importance of their standard method of preparation, it is decided to carry out pharmaceutical and analytical study of ‘Abhrak Bhasma’. Preparation of Abhrak Bhasma involves the procedures Vajrabhrak Shodhan, Dhanyabhrak Nirman and Maran of Abhrak. Prepared samples of Abhrak Bhasma tested on the basis of organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters. Prepared samples of Abhrakabhasma (AB-1, AB-2, AB-3) were Nishchandra, Sindurabha coloured, Sookshma, Rekhapurna, Sparshakomal (Mrudu, Shlakshna), Nirdhum and Niswadu. Along with Ayurvedic parameters modern parameters such as L.O.D., L.O.I., pH, conductivity, successive solubility, elemental assay of Fe2+ and Fe3+ etc. were applied to the samples of Abhraka Bhasma. Analytical study of Abhraka Bhasma revealed the uniformity of the procedures in the three samples of Abhraka Bhasma, as evidenced by the observations of the analytical values of the three samples were not much variation found.
GUDA VARTI FOR POST-OPERATIVE PAIN MANAGEMENT- ROAD LESS TRAVELLED
Authors: Vilas Thakre Kalpita  , P Bhat Ramesh
Published: February 2021

Acute pain is an unpleasant sensory, emotional and mental sensation (experience) associated with vegetative signs, psychological response and changes in behavior. Post-operative pain is one such example and adequate management becomes utmost necessary. In Shalya tantra practice, proctology is the field of excellence for many practitioners and post-operative pain is an acquaintance difficult to handle. Many practitioners still resort to using contemporary I.M OR I.V analgesics for pain management which have proven ADR’S due to lack of availability of Ayurvedic analgesics for management. Vartis (suppositories) was in vogue since pre-historic times and have been mentioned in almost all Ayurvedic texts for various disorders with suitable formulations and various modes of insertion, e.g.: Ratadi varti for Shoola. Ayurveda also has a wide-range of drugs mentioned for relieving pain which have not been used to the full potential. Hence Guda varti as a drug delivery system for pain management needs to be explored in Ayurveda Shalya tantra practice.
PHARMACEUTICO-ANALYTICAL STUDY OF CHAUSATHPRAHARI PIPPALI CHURNA
Authors: Rajendra Barfa  , Vijay Shreebharti  , Amit Mishra  , Dimpal Sharma  , Amit Kumar Sharma  , Sanjay Kumar
Published: February 2021

Ayurvedic pharmaceutics is one of the fastest growing sectors in the world market. Globalization expects pharmaceutical standardization. Competition in pharma industry expects good quality products which have documentation regarding safety and efficacy issues. Ancient heritage blended with current updated pharmaceutical technology helps in better appreciation. Chausath Prahari Pippali Churna is a classical Ayurvedic formualtion mentioned in Ayurvedsarasamghraha a renowned text of Ayurveda, which is useful in Vata and Kapha diseases. It has potent herbal remedy for both respiratory and digestive disorders. It is prepared by Bhavana with Phanta (hot infusion) of Badipippali to Chhotipippalichurna upto 64 Prahar (192hrs) to make it more strong and efficient formulation. The attempt is made in the present article to assess its pharmacological action and analytical aspect while processing the drug – Chausath Prahari Pippali Churna (CPP).
MANAS (MIND) AND MANOVIKARA (MENTAL DISORDER) IN AYURVEDA: A REVIEW
Authors: Trisha Talapatra  , Md Tanzil Ansari  , Sukumar Ghosh  , Rina Ghosh
Published: February 2021

Ayurveda is thought to be ‘The Science of Life’, and therefore the follow involves the care of physical and mental health of creature. Ayurveda isn’t solely restricted to body or physical symptoms however conjointly provide comprehensive data concerning mental and social health. Three factors are basically responsible for the origin of any kind of disease, these are Asatmaindriyartha Samyoga (excessive utilization or non-utilization or improper utilization of sense faculties), Prajnaparadha (Intellectual blasphemy) and Parinama (time). Balanced Doshas of mind regulates the emotion while disturbed Doshas of mind plays an important role in the pathogenesis of mental diseases. The increasing level of stress in today’s time gives a huge surge of Manovikara (mental disorder). In Ayurveda many references of Manas (mind) and treatment of Manovikara (mental disorder) are available which would be easy to understand and rewarding the field of treatment. Role of Swastavritta including Daivavyapasraya, Satwavajay, Naisthiki chikitsa and Yoga are very important in the management of Manovikara. In modern era we are at the grasp of Raja and Tama which are the root cause of mental disorder. So, it is necessary to understand the Manovikara (mental disorder), its causes, symptoms, prevention and management. Present article is a review article contains review of Manas (Mind) and Manovikara (Mental disorder) in Ayurveda.
IMPLEMENTASI SISTEMATIKA FILSAFAT BAGI PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN KRISTEN
Authors: Bilo Dyulius Thomas
Published: February 2021

Tulisan ini terdiri dari beberapa rumusan masalah yaitu: (1) bagaimana tinjauan metafisika bagi pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan Kristen, (2) bagaimana tinjauan epistemologi bagi pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan Kristen,  (3) bagaimana tinjauan aksiologi bagi pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan Kristen.   Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) menjelaskan bagaimana tinjauan metafisika bagi pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan Kristen, (2) menjelaskan bagaimana tinjauan epistemologi bagi pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan Kristen,  (3) menjelaskan bagaimana tinjauan aksiologi bagi pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan Kristen.  Hipotesis penelitian ini adalah patut diduga sistematika filsafat dapat diimplementasikan dalam pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan Kristen. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan rumusan masalah pertama hasilnya adalah telah dijelaskan tinjauan metafisika bagi pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan Kristen. Rumusan masalah kedua hasilnya bahwa telah dijelaskan tinjauan epistemologi bagi pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan Kristen. Rumusan masalah ketiga hasilnya adalah telah dijelaskan tinjauan aksiologi bagi pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan Kristen. Berdasarkan hipotesis yang diajukan ternyata ditemukan bahwa sistematika filsafat dapat diimplementasikan dalam pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan Kristen. Dari hasil penelitian ini disarankan dan direkomendasi bahwa setiap pelaku pendidikan Kristen perlu mengimplementasikan sistematika filsafat dalam pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan Kristen sehingga metafisika, epistemologi dan aksiologi pendidikan Kristen dapat diwujudkan dalam pengajaran dan kehidupan para pendidik Kristen sehari-hari.
IMPLEMENTASI MENJADI GARAM BAGI DUNIA MENURUT MATIUS 5:13
Authors: Bambangan Malik
Published: February 2021

Kehidupan zaman yang selalu berubah-ubah menjadikan manusia seringkali lupa apa yang akan mereka lakukan untuk Tuhan dan sesama.  Bahkan bagi diri sendiri seringkali tidak dimengerti mengapa melakukan hal tersebut.  Pada akhirnya hasil pekerjaan mereka terkadang tidak tepat sasaran, karena bekerja tidak memiliki target.  Hidup manusia zaman inipun seringkali dihampiri oleh suatu sifat buruk yang acapkali melakukan kejahatan.  Kejahatan yang berdampak buruk tidak saja bagi orang lain, melainkan bagi diri sipelaku kejahatan itu sendiri.  Fenomena seperti ini menjadi tantangan tersendiri bagi iman Kristen dan kekristenan itu sendiri seperti apa dan bagaimana menghadapi hal yang demikian.  Kembali kepada panggilan para murid Kristus untuk menjadi garam bagi dunia ini adalah merupakan panggilan yang masih relevan bagi gereja Tuhan masa kini untuk berbuat sesuatu yang baik.  Implementasi atau pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi menjadi garam bagi dunia ini adalah hal yang mutlak untuk dilakukan orang percaya sebagai bukti iman kepada Kristus.  Menjadi garam bagi dunia pada zaman ini, adalah suatu langkah positif agar  dapat memberikan rasa kebaikan bagi dunia ini.  Mengapa demikian karena dunia ini sudah penuh dengan kejahatan yang merusak moral dan akhlak manusia.
PENGARUH RASIONALISASI TERHADAP RELASI INTERPERSONAL
Authors: Illu Jonidius
Published: February 2021

Kejatuhan manusia dalam dosa mengakibatkan rusaknya gambar dan rupa Allah dalam diri manusia kehidupannya telah dikotori oleh dosa sehingga akibatnya manusia memiliki natur dosa dan bertindak berdasarkan kehendak yang sudah tercemar yang memberi dampak yang negatif.[1] Salah satunya adalah manusia tidak mau disalahkan dan cendrung memakai defense mechanism (pertahanan diri) untuk mempertahankan eksistensinya.

Sistem pertahanan diri adalah suatu sikap pertahanan diri yang terjadi karena ia id terlalu tinggi dan superoge tinggi, maka yang terjadi adalah orang tersebut memiliki sistem pertahanan diri. Manufer pertahanan diri biasanya sudah mulai nampak sejak usia dini atau masa kanak-kanak. Ketika mengalami ancaman, konflik dan frustrasi yang merupakan bagian dari pertumbuhan, secara otomatis pertahanan dirinya muncul sebenarnya jika pertahanan diri dapat dioleh dengan baik maka dapat menolong untuk keluar dari rasa sakit akibat kegelisahan, konflik, hanya saja kebanyakan dari kita tidak dapat bertahan dengan baik karena tidak berusaha dengan maksimal.
DOA BAPA KAMI SEBAGAI LANDASAN TINGKAH LAKU ORANG PERCAYA KEPADA YESUS
Authors: Suratman Efesus
Published: February 2021

Humans are free creatures, because humans have a will in their lives, in the ability to implement their thoughts, humans can do what they want, with the advantages that humans have that exceed other God's creatures, humans can be called the pinnacle of all creation systems. However, humans must have a foundation or basis in living life. The Lord's Prayer is a prayer that has deep meaning. There are many studies on the prayer of Our Father from previous researchers, therefore this research focuses on the prayer of our father as the basis for the behavior of believers in Jesus. The method used, namely data collection, is qualitative research, where deep emphasis is placed on the prayer of Our Father from the point of view as the basis for the behavior of believers in Jesus by conducting document studies or library research in obtaining the information or data needed in this study. The results of this research can be said that the prayer of Our Father becomes the foundation of human behavior.
STRATEGI GURU DALAM MENUMBUHKAN KEPERCAYAAN DIRI PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Nome Nehemia
Published: February 2021

Guru memiliki peran penting dalam memberikan pembelajaran bagi setiap orang yang mereka ajar.  Oleh sebab itu peran seorang guru sangat diperlukan dalam pembentukan seorang murid yang diajarnya.  Demikian juga sebagai guru Agama Kristen sangat berperan penting untuk memperlengkapi setiap nara didiknya selama dalam proses pembelajaran.  Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui peranan seorang guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam proses pembelajaran.  Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan studi pustaka yang berfokus pada pendapat para ahli tentang peranan seorang guru Agama Kristen dalam proses pembelajaran.  Sebagai hasil didapatkan bahwa guru memiliki peran sebagai motivator, sebagai tenaga profesional, sebagai pembimbing, sebagai pengelola pembelajaran, sebagai administrasi, sebagai pengajar kebenaran iman.  Sebagai kesimpulan adalah guru PAK juga perlu memperhatikan aspek keprofesionalannya. Dia harus memiliki beberapa kompetensi yang ada. Kompetensi pedagogik, kompetensi kepribadian, kompetensi spiritual, kompetensi sosial, dan kompetensi profesional. Apabila guru PAK memiliki potensi-potensi tersebut maka jelas akan memampukan guru untuk mengabdi lebih efektif  lagi dalam proses pembelajaran.
Quality of Life and Women Empowerment in Central Sulawesi
Authors: Aisyah Nur
Published: February 2021

This study aims to look at the quality of life and empowerment of women in Central Sulawesi. The quality of life and women's empowerment is the essence that is always put forward by the Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection in the midst of gender imbalances in various fields of development, as well as to realize the International commitment of 50 gender equality: 50 by 2030. This research uses qualitative research methods with data collection techniques. secondary from various institutions. The results showed that the development achievement gap between men and women can be seen from the Gender Development Index in Central Sulawesi of 92.25. Although Central Sulawesi shows good results compared to other provinces in Indonesia, the acceleration of development of women in Central Sulawesi is still slower than men. Meanwhile, in general, Indonesia's human development is still at the middle level with the Human Development Index (HDI) 66.76. Furthermore, the Central Sulawesi Gender Empowerment Index is at 65.57. The Gender Empowerment Index describes the quality of life and empowerment of women in politics, economy and decision making and control of economic resources.
Public Trust in Information Media of the Spread of Covid-19
Authors: Schröck Guirado , Falkesgaard Steuble
Published: February 2021

This article discusses Public Trust in the Information Media for the Spread of Covid-19. Framing the news is necessary to maintain a positive perspective from the public towards the government. This will be an important action for the government to solve the pandemic because collaboration between the community and the government is needed. There have been efforts made by the government in fighting COVID-19 until finally guaranteed public trust should be the main goal of online news framing in the current pandemic situation. The general public should be able to sort out which news is right and which is wrong so that we do not have bad speculations about the people who are victims of this Covid-19. Framing the news is necessary to maintain a positive perspective from the public towards the government. This will be an important action for the government to solve the pandemic because collaboration between the community and the government is needed. There have been efforts made by the government in fighting COVID-19 until finally guaranteed public trust should be the main goal of online news framing in a pandemic situation.
Bir İddianın Analizi: Afrikalı Lawrence
Authors: ALTUN Esra
Published: February 2021

I. Dünya Savaşı’nda Doğu Afrika’da; Habeşistan ve Somali’de her iki blok karşılıklı olarak istihbarat, propaganda ve askerî kazanım alanlarını genişletme gayesinisavaş boyunca sürdürmeye çalışmıştı. İngiltere’nin casusluk girişimleri ile ilgili efsanevi fısıltılara bir yenisini daha ekleyen ise Habeşistan ve Somali ile bağıntılı biriddiaydı. İddiaya göre Habeşistan Hükümdarı Lij Iyasu’nun 1916 yılında bir darbe sonucunda devrilmesi bir İngiliz planıydı. Plan T. E. Lawrence ile ilişkilendirildi. İddialarbunu Lawrence’ın organize ettiği yönündeydi. Buna göre Harar’da gerçekleşen olayda Habeş Hükümdarı Lij Iyasu’ya İslam’ı seçtiğinin kanıtı olduğunu simgeleyenbir sarık verilmişti ve sarığı veren kişi Lawrence idi. Fakat Lawrence’ın savaşın herhangi bir döneminde Harar’a geldiğine dair kesin bir kanıt yoktur. İddianın gerçekliğiprobleminden bağımsız olarak Harar’a Lawrence adında bir binbaşının giriş yaptığı kesindir. Burada, iddianın karmaşık yapısını anlamak için Habeşistan’da yaşanan gelişmeleride dikkatli takip etmek gerekmektedir. Çalışmada Katar dijital arşivinde yer alan İngiliz resmî yazışmaları, Durham Üniversitesi arşivi Sir Reginald Wingate dosyaları,iddiayı inceleyen Türkçe ve yabancı dillerdeki ulaşılan telif-tetkik eserler ve Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi kayıtlarından elde edilen belgeler kullanılarak iddianındetaylı bir analizi sunulmaktadır.
Yahudilerin Devletleşme Sürecinde Dönüm Noktaları: Pogrom, Aliya ve Siyasi Siyonizm (1881-1903)
Authors: KÖSE Tuğba
Published: February 2021

XIX. yüzyıl ulusal hareketlerin yaşandığı, milli devletlerin temelinin atıldığı ve coğrafyanın yeniden şekillendiği bir yüzyıldır. Bu dönemde birçok millet varolma mücadelesini, ırk ve toprak merkezli ulus devlet kurma başarılarını diplomasi ya da toplumsal çatışmalara borçludur. Ulus devlet bağlamında yeni dünya düzenikurulurken Yahudiler de haritada yerini almak için mücadeleye girişen ve bunu diplomasi yoluyla başaran ender topluluklardan biri olmuştur. Yahudilerin topluluktandevlete dönüşme aşamalarından pogrom, Aliya ve siyasi siyonizm önemli yapı taşlarındandır. Bu dönüm noktaları iç içe geçmiş zincirin halkasıdır ve birbirindenbağımsız değildir. En büyük Yahudi nüfusunu barındıran Çarlık Rusya’da milliyetçilik hareketleri ve ekonomik krizlerin ateşlediği nefret sonucu düşman olarak görülenYahudiler üzerine şiddet yoğunlaşmıştır. Sistemli ve sürekli hâle gelen şiddet, baskı ve zulüm pogromlarının ilk büyük ölçekli olanı 1881-1884 yıllarında yaşanmıştır.Pogromlar neticesinde yıllardır yaşadıkları coğrafyadan sürgün edilen Yahudiler tarihte ilk defa (1882-1903) toplu olarak göç Aliya ile çoğunluğu Çarlık Rusya veDoğu Avrupa’dan olmak üzere başta Amerika ardından Batılı ülkeler ve bir kısmı da Filistin’e göç etmiştir. XIX. yüzyılın siyasi ortamı ve toplumsal karmaşasında siyonizmaracılığıyla önce geniş çaplı pogrom dalgası, ardından yaşanılan Aliya ile Yahudi zihinlerini Filistin’e yönlendirilebileceğini göstermiştir. Pogromlar ve Aliyalaryaşanırken Yahudi liderlerinin kapalı kapılar ardında büyük bir ustalıkla idare ettiği diplomasi zinciri siyonizme XIX. yüzyılda yeni bir ivme katarak siyasi siyonizmüzerinden her ne pahasına olursa olsun eski Filistin topaklarında bağımsız bir Yahudi Devleti kurma aşamasına geçilmiştir. Bu sebeple 1881-1903 yılları siyasi siyonizminteşkilatlanmasında önemli dönüm noktalarından pogrom ve Aliya süreçlerini engellemek yerine lehine kullanan liderler Filistin’de Yahudi nüfusunu oluşturarak kurulacakdevletin temeli atmıştır.
La motivación y el pensamiento detrás de cada uno de los problemas creados y seleccionados para las olimpiadas matemáticas
Authors:   Universidad Antonio Nariño, Colombia, FALK Mary
Published: February 2021

Se analiza las razones que guían el diseño y la elaboración de las pruebas que componen las diferentes etapas o rondas que conforman la Olimpiada Colombiana de Matemáticas en cada una de sus realizaciones anuales, mostrando cómo se busca desarrollar el pensamiento matemático del estudiante participante y cómo se caracteriza el pensamiento que se invita al estudiante a desarrollar. Esto se hace en el contexto de analizar el pensamiento involucrado en la solución o soluciones de algunos problemas representativos de cada ronda de un año específico
El árbol de Stern-Brocot
Authors:   Universidad Pedagógica Experimental Libertador, Venezuela, Fabiola CZWIENCZEK
Published: February 2021

En el presente artículo se narra una conversación imaginaria entre la autora y su imaginario tío Pedro. El tema de esta conversación es la construcción de un árbol binario a partir de fracciones mediantes, bautizado con los apellidos del matemático alemán Moritz Stern y del relojero y matemático aficionado francés Achille Brocot. En su exposición sobre el árbol de Stern-Brocot el tío Pedro nos explica qué es la fracción mediante y nos proporciona algunos datos históricos sobre cómo el matemático Nicolás Chuquet la utilizaba para resolver ecuaciones. Finalmente , demuestra que en este árbol aparece toda fracción positiva e irreducible exactamente una vez.
Diálogo sobre una ecuación cúbica
Authors: BAEZ-DUARTE Luis , OCTAVIO Alfredo ,   Tekeno
Published: February 2021

En este artículo se presenta, en forma de diálogo, como obtener las soluciones de una ecuación cúbica.
Using direct and contructive methods for the existence of origami models with given boundary conditions
Authors:   KF University of Graz, Austria, GERETSCHLAGER R. , KEELING S.L. ,   KF University of Graz, Austria
Published: February 2021

Whenever a unit square is folded to create an origami model in three-dimensional space, the edge of the paper forms a closed curve in space with a total length equal to four units. In this paper, some of the restrictions applicable to such resulting closed curves are derived in the case of classic origami models, in which none of the sections of the folded paper is curved in any way. This allows us to restrict the methods applied to those of classic euclidean geometry. Noting that it is of interest to determine origami models whose edges coincide with a polyline fulfilling the required conditions, we then proceed to show some methods for reconstructing the origami model if the boundary is known. Finally, some concrete reconstructions are demonstrated.
Minimizing Disagreements in the United Nations
Authors:   University of Colorado, USA, SOIFER Alexander
Published: February 2021

I would like to present here an example of a bridge between problems of mathematics and problems of mathematical Olympiads. Graph Theory has been a fertile ground for extracting beautiful ideas that would work very well in the Olympiad-type competitions. The problem presented here served as problem 4 in the 27th Colorado Mathematical Olympiad that took place on April 23, 2010.
Argumentos de Densidade e o Lema de Kronecker
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil, CAMINHA Antonio
Published: February 2021

Estas notas discorrem sobre o conceito de densidade no conjunto dos reais, com especial ênfase no Lema de Kronecker e em algumas aplicações interessantes do mesmo. Em linhas gerais, seguimos a referência [1].
La historia del proyecto El Alfil Matemático
Authors:   Universidad de Sevilla, España, ROSAS Mercedes
Published: February 2021

Este artículo presenta la historia de El Alfil Matemático, breves colecciones de problemas de matemáticas elementales y lógica online escritos para jóvenes confinados en casa durante la pandemia de 2020.
El desarrollo y dominio de las competencias científico – profesionales del docente universitario
Authors: Rivadeneira Elmina , Silva Ricardo
Published: February 2021

La sociedad del conocimiento requiere de un profesional intelectualmente autónomo para decidir por sí mismo, con responsabilidad, empatía, valiéndose del propio conocimiento gestionado y con competencias para someterla críticamente sus aportaciones científicas y académicas de manera argumentada, trasmitiendo modos de actuación y procedimientos de aprendizaje para toda la vida. El docente propicia las relaciones e interacciones entre discente y el docente como organizador, orientador, facilitador; entre aprendientes y de todos estos con la sociedad a través del proceso de aprender a conocer (cognitivo), hacer (cognoscitivo) y ser (meta cognitivo). El cambio de actitud permitirá desarrollar y dominar las competencias: epistemológicas- metodológicas, comunicativas, tecnológicas, socio-profesionales, didáctico- pedagógicas  en los docentes para conseguir: Una actitud creativa y respetuosa; fomentar un clima de empatía y de ecuanimidad frente a las diferentes opiniones; defender sus tesis con argumentos y aceptar el cuestionamiento; comprender que existen diferentes enfoques para acercarse al estudio del fenómeno
Comunicación vs Tecnología
Authors: Toscano Darwin
Published: February 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo está encaminado a profundizar sobre la relación que existe entre la comunicación y la tecnología en los tiempos actuales, teniendo en cuenta su influencia en la educación y en la información. Para esto se consultó una amplia bibliografía publicada en revistas de reconocido prestigio, tesis de doctorados, maestrías, la información recolectada se sometió a un análisis y síntesis, que permitió conformar el artículo. Contiene un análisis conceptual de las principales categorías tratadas, tales como: comunicación y tecnología. Se analizan las dificultades que se presentan con la aplicación  de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación en la educación. Se dispone de una información, donde se pone de manifiesto  el rol que han tenido los avances del aprendizaje virtual  en el campo educativo y las transformaciones que la misma tecnología ha engendrado en el sistema social.
El Estudio de los significados en los procesos educativos. Un reto metodológico
Authors: Sañudo Lya
Published: February 2021

La investigación educativa tiene como finalidad comprender las experiencias vividas dentro del contexto de la enseñanza, así como, dotar a los educadores con una estructura del saber que sea teórica, dinámica y compleja para que, a través de esta, los enseñantes informen a la sociedad sobre el fenómeno educativo. En este trabajo se aborda el estudio de los significados y su construcción como resultado de la reflexión-teorización de las experiencias vividas dentro del contexto del saber. Para esto, se presenta a la fenomenología y la hermenéutica como soportes de la investigación educativa en los procesos de descripción y comprensión de las situaciones que empíricamente se viven en los entornos educativos.  A lo largo del trabajo, se aborda una amplia discusión sobre los significados: su importancia, conceptualización, la construcción del discurso para su documentación, así como su interpretación por medio de la fenomenología y la hermenéutica.
La Teoría Fundamentada: precisiones epistemológicas, teórico-conceptuales, metodológicas y aportes a las ciencias
Authors: Lúquez de Camacho Petra
Published: February 2021

El investigador ha de entender que la ciencia y su construcción no son procesos éticamente neutros; pues siempre existen compromisos valorativos tanto en la investigación del conocimiento científico como en su comunicación. Por eso es importante reflexionar ante la intencionalidad de las ciencias al definir sus objetos de estudio, métodos y sus quehaceres, como condiciones para la obtención de sus intereses. Los modos sapienciales del conocer son de tipo pragmático, intuitivo, emocional, afectivo, estético, y ético-moral. En estos el denominador común son los sistemas simbólicos generados de una u otra forma por personas. Tales argumentos dejan ver la relevancia del contenido de este trabajo ante la necesidad ética de fomentar una ciencia con conciencia; deber en el que están comprometidos diversos métodos de investigación cualitativa. Específicamente nos proponemos, en un recorrido bibliográfico, presentar orientaciones epistemológicas, teórico conceptuales y metodológicas a la comunidad de investigadores interesados en el conocimiento y aplicación del método de Teoría Fundamentada, esperando les sirva de apoyo en el diseño  de sus proyectos  y en la sistematización procedimental de todas sus fases; aclarando que, por la naturaleza de este tipo de estudio, ninguna orientación constituye un modelo rígido e inflexible; todo lo contrario,  cada diseño es muestra de la creatividad e ingenio de sus autores. Por lo tanto, les invitamos a dar el paso hacia la incitante y comprometida investigación generadora de teoría; a partir de la interactividad e intersubjetividad de los actores comprometidos en toda una praxología de introspección vivencial.
Driver Rehabilitation Utilization and Need Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Marfeo Elizabeth , Grinnell Meredith , Coffey Amelia , Ward Nathan
Published: February 2021

Importance: Driving is one of the most important instrumental activities of daily living. As adults age, many face challenges with maintaining independent driving, leading to risk for decreased occupational engagement and quality of life. The extent to which occupational therapy services meet the driver rehabilitation needs of older adults is unknown.

Objective: To characterize driver rehabilitation service utilization among a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling older adults.

Design: Exploratory, descriptive cross-sectional study using the National Health and Aging Trends Study 2016 wave.

Participants: Community-dwelling adults age 65 and older who received rehabilitation services in the past year (N = 1,173).

Outcomes and Measures: Sociodemographic information, comorbidities, rehabilitation use, community mobility, and participation restrictions were collected using self-report and performance-based measures.

Results: Of this sample of older adults, 63.0% reported driving as their primary mode of transportation, 25.8% reported limitations in community participation related to transportation, and 9.2% reported having received rehabilitation focused on driving or other transportation goals in the past year. Findings from this study suggest a discrepancy between utilization of driver rehabilitation and self-reported need.

Conclusions and Relevance: Many older adults reported limitations in community participation for transportation-related reasons, yet driver rehabilitation represented only a small proportion of services used. As experts in driver rehabilitation, occupational therapy practitioners should lead the way in advocating for increased utilization of driver rehabilitation and development of innovative, accessible transportation options to promote community mobility and participation among older adults.

What This Article Adds: The results of this study illustrate an important discrepancy between self-reported need for and utilization of driver rehabilitation services. Occupational therapy practitioners can play an important role in meeting older adults’ driving and transportation needs to enable them to fully participate in their community and daily routines.
Cross-Validation of the Factorial Validity of the Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 in Patients With Stroke
Authors: Lee Shih-Chieh , Lin Gong-Hong , Huang Yi-Jing , Huang Sheau-Ling , Chou Chia-Yeh , Chiang Hsin-Yu , Hsieh Ching-Lin
Published: February 2021

Importance: The Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 appears to be a promising outcome measure of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for clients with stroke. However, because the factorial validity of the Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 remains unclear, its validity is limited.

Objective: To examine the underlying structure of the Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 by comparing the currently available eight- and four-domain structures simultaneously.

Design: Secondary data analysis of responses to the Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 from a previous psychometric validation study.

Setting: Five general hospitals in northern and southern Taiwan.

Participants: Two hundred sixty-three patients with stroke from rehabilitation wards (inpatients) and neurology and rehabilitation clinics (outpatients).

Outcomes and Measures: Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the eight- and four-domain structures of the Stroke Impact Scale 3.0. Four fit indices were considered simultaneously to examine the model fits of both structures.

Results: The eight- and four-domain structures of the Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 were not supported by all four indices (χ2/df = 2.7 and 5.0, comparative fit index = .79 and .86, root mean square error of approximation = .08 and .12, standardized root mean square residual = .08 and .08, respectively). The unidimensionality of each domain in the two structures was not supported.

Conclusions and Relevance: Neither the eight- nor the four-domain structure of the Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 was supported, suggesting that scores may not provide valid assessments of HRQOL in clients with stroke. Further modification and validation of the Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 are warranted.

What This Article Adds: Our findings suggest that the eight- and four-domain scores of the Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 may not be valid. Therefore, until more supporting evidence is developed, these scores should be interpreted cautiously in regard to clients’ HRQOL; alternatively, other measures could be used.
Caregiver Perspectives on School Participation Among Students With Craniofacial Microsomia
Authors: Kaelin Vera C. , Wallace Erin R. , Werler Martha M. , Collett Brent R. , Rosenberg Janine , Khetani Mary A.
Published: February 2021

Importance: Knowledge of unmet school participation needs for students with craniofacial microsomia (CFM) can inform decisions regarding intervention support.

Objective: To compare students with and without CFM on school participation (i.e., frequency, involvement, desire for participation to change) and caregivers’ perceptions of environmental support for participation in occupations.

Design: Cross-sectional design using secondary analyses of a subset of data.

Setting: Multisite cohort study.

Participants: Caregivers of students with CFM (n = 120) and of students without CFM (n = 315), stratified by history of education- and health-related service use.

Outcomes and Measures: School participation and environmental support, obtained with the Participation and Environment Measure–Children and Youth.

Results: Significant group differences were found in frequency of school participation (effect size [ES] = −0.38, 95% confidence interval [−0.64, −0.12], p = .005), level of involvement (ES = −0.14, p = .029), and desired change (p = .001), with students with CFM exhibiting greater participation restriction than students without CFM and no history of service use. No statistically significant group differences were found in environmental support for participation in the school setting. Item-level findings showed statistically significant higher desire for participation to change in three of five school occupations (odds ratio = 1.77–2.39, p = .003–.045) for students with CFM compared with students without CFM and no history of service use.

Conclusions and Relevance: The results suggest that students with CFM experience restriction in participation at school.

What This Article Adds: Students with CFM may benefit from targeted school-based interventions to optimize their inclusion.
How Adults With Stroke Conceptualize Physical Activity: An Exploratory Qualitative Study
Authors: Bailey Ryan R. , Stevenson Jennifer L.
Published: February 2021

Importance: Physical activity (PA) is recommended for improving physical and cardiovascular function but can be challenging because of stroke-related impairments. A better understanding of how adults with stroke conceptualize PA could assist in developing effective interventions for increasing poststroke PA.

Objective: To explore how adults with stroke conceptualize PA.

Design: Phenomenological qualitative design.

Setting: Participants’ homes.

Participants: Community-dwelling adults with chronic (>6 mo) stroke (N = 15).

Outcomes and Measures: Semistructured interviews were conducted with participants. Data were analyzed by means of inductive content analysis to identify key themes.

Results: Three key themes emerged: (1) moderate to vigorous PA, which includes exercise-related activities (going to the gym, walking, playing sports); (2) PA necessary for performing daily activities and occupations, which includes basic and instrumental activities of daily living; and (3) avoiding sedentary behavior, which includes not wanting to sit for long periods of time, avoiding boredom, and valuing PA over being sedentary.

Conclusions and Relevance: Participants broadly categorized PA, encompassing multiple activity types, which is encouraging because reducing sedentary behavior and increasing PA of any intensity can improve cardiometabolic health. Interventions that complement and enhance these conceptualizations, alone or in combination with other mechanisms of action, should be explored for their efficacy in increasing PA in adults with stroke.

What This Article Adds: After stroke, perceptions of PA encompass exercise, daily activities and occupations, and avoiding sedentary behavior; these perceptions could be harnessed to promote PA among adults after stroke.
Long-Term Follow-Up of a Lifestyle Intervention for Late-Midlife, Rural-Dwelling Latinos in Primary Care
Authors: Schepens Niemiec Stacey L. , Vigen Cheryl L. P. , Martínez Jenny , Blanchard Jeanine , Carlson Mike
Published: February 2021

Importance: Rural-dwelling Latinos are an underresourced population in need of accessible and effective wellness programs.

Objective: To evaluate patients’ long-term health-related outcomes after lifestyle intervention.

Design: An uncontrolled pilot trial assessing change in health from pretreatment to long-term follow-up (12 mo after intervention completion, no contact) and from posttreatment to long-term follow-up.

Setting: Rural, community-based primary care.

Participants: Latino and Hispanic safety-net primary care patients, ages 50 to 64 yr.

Intervention: A culturally tailored, 4-mo lifestyle intervention co-led by occupational therapy practitioners and Latino community health workers that features telehealth and in-home sessions covering topics such as healthy eating and navigating health care.

Outcomes and Measures: Self-reported and physiological outcomes: symptom–well-being (primary), stress, sleep disturbance, social satisfaction, physical activity, patient activation, blood pressure, and weight. Exit interviews addressed health experiences and intervention impact on participants’ lives.

Results: Participants (N = 27) demonstrated clinically significant pretreatment to long-term follow-up benefits in all symptom–well-being dimensions (Cohen’s d ≥ 0.8, p ≤ .004), with additional gains from posttreatment to long-term follow-up (d ≥ 0.4, p ≤ .05). Significant improvements from pre- to posttreatment in systolic blood pressure, stress, and social role and activity satisfaction were maintained at long-term follow-up. No changes were observed in weight, physical activity, or diastolic blood pressure. Participants described the intervention’s sustained positive effect on their wellness.

Conclusions and Relevance: A lifestyle intervention led by occupational therapy practitioners and community health workers in a primary care context has potential to achieve long-term health benefits in rural-dwelling, late-midlife Latinos.

What This Article Adds: This study reveals that rural, late-midlife Latinos showed long-lasting improvements in psychological and physical health after finishing a program that helped them make healthy lifestyle choices. This finding supports the unique contribution of occupational therapy in primary care settings.