bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant Activity of The Crude Carotenoid Pigment Extract from Yellow Ambon Banana (M. parasidiaca sapientum) Peel: Its Potency as Vitamin A Supplement
Authors: Suparmi Suparmi , Prasetya Harka
Published: April 2023

Background: Carotenoid pigment is one of the promising sources of provitamin A because it has been shown to have capacity to be converted into vitamin A by the body. This present study aimed at evaluating the antioxidant activity in vitro using the DPPH and assessing the encapsulation of the crude carotenoid pigment extracted from Musa parasidiaca sapientum peel.Method: The total vitamin A carotenoid in the banana peel was assessed using the double beam Varian Cary 50 spectrophotometer at 470 nm. Then it was converted to microgram per gram of the banana peel using the NAS-NRC equation. The extraction was conducted using acetone. The antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH (1.1-difenil-2-dipikrilhidrazil). The antioxidant activity of carotenoid crude extract was compared to that of marker Ã¢-karoten antioxidant (E-Merck, No. 1.02236). IC50 values were calculated using the regression formula. The dried carotenoid crude extract was encapsulated with dextrin filler.Result: The water content level of ambon banana was 50.68 % Â± 3.35 %. The peel of the yellow ambon banana has a total carotenoid of 6.203 Â± 0.004 Î¼g/g. The converted carotenoid vitamin A was 124.06 Â± 0.08 IU. The IC50 value of the yellow ambon banana crude extract was 2350.3 ppm meaning higher than the marker Ã¢-caroten (565.76 ppm). The encapsulation technique increased the pigment stabilization of the yellow ambon banana which will be used for vitamin A supplement.Conclusion: The crude extract of carotenoid pigment of the yellow ambon banana peel has an antioxidant potential although it is less efficient compared to that of Ã¢-carotene. The IC50 value of the crude extract of carotenoid pigment of the yellow banana ambon is 2350.3 ppm, higher than marker Ã¢ -caroten (Sains Medika, 4(1):78-88).
The Role of Vitamin in the Nutrition of Premature Infants
Authors: Ruslie Riska Habriel
Published: April 2023

Vitamin is an organic compound required as a vital nutrient in tiny amounts. Premature infants are at risk of vitamin deficiency than mature infants, due to inadequate transplacental transport, inadequate storage, and increased tissue utilization. Infant that are born prematurely have a low amount of stored vitamin in their body. The amount that is stored is quickly used as the infant grows. So, vitamin is a very important for development of premature infants. In this review examines the role of vitamin in the nutrition of premature infants (Sains Medika, 4(1):97-111).
Mahkota Dewa Mesocarp Infusion Improved Testicular Damage and Sperm Count In Diabetic Rat
Authors: Sulistyoningrum Evy , Setiawati Setiawati , Nindyastuti Herlina , Putra Adrian Nugraha
Published: April 2023

Background: Global prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is predicted to be increasing with worldwide population increase, longer life expectancy, urbanization, change in lifestyle and higher incidence of obesity. Diabetes Mellitus which is characterized by increasing level of blood glucose can induce increasing activity of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) which can further lead to abnormality in male reproductive system, especially testis. Mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.=PM) contain flavonoid, alkaloid and saponin which can prevent further negative effect on ROS increase in male reproductive system. The aim of this study was to know effect of PM mesocarp infusion on testicular damage and sperm count in alloxan induced diabetic rat.Design and Method: The design of this study was post test only with control group design. Rats in this study were divided into 4 groups (6 rats each group): control group, diabetic group, diabetic group treated with PM mesocarp infusion (9% and 13.5%). Diabetes was induced by alloxan 50 mg/BW single dose injection intramuscularly. PM mesocarpâ€™s infusion was given in 4 weeks. Testicular damage was observed in hematoxylin-eosin stain using Johnsen criteria for spermatogenesis level and tubulus seminiferousâ€™ diameter. Sperm count was performed on the semen taken from vas defferens using Giemsa stain.Result: PM mesocarp infusion group has higher spermatogenic level (p < 0,05), higher tubulus seminiferus diameter and sperm count (p < 0,05) than diabetic group.Conclusion: Mahkota dewa mesocarp infusion improved testicular damage and sperm count in alloxan-induced diabetic rat (Sains Medika, 4(2):115-123).
The Effect of Exercise on Elderly Body Balance which Measured By Romberg Test Study in Plamongansari Pedurungan Semarang
Authors: Annafisah Zuhaida , Rosdiana Ika
Published: April 2023

Background: Balance disorders is a major cause which often lead elders to fall easily. Body balance reduction of elders can be helped by many variety of balance exercises, one of them is elders exercise. There have been many researches on the assessment of body balance. But a research carrying a Romberg Test to assesses static balance by closing and opening eyes as a visual organ has not been done. This study aims to determine the effect of exercise on elderly body balance which measured by Romberg Test.Design and Method: Analytic observational research with cross-sectional approach was conducted to elderly who routinely do exercises and to them who donâ€™t. There were 82 samples, consisted of 41 elderly do exercises and 42 elderly who donâ€™t. Body balances of both groups were measured using the Romberg test. The data were analyzed by chi-square.Result: Among the 41 elderly who do exercise, consisted of 12 men and 29 women, showed 97.56% balanced and 2.44% unbalanced. While 41 elderly aged over 60 years who donâ€™t do exercise, consisted of 15 men and 26 women, showed 46.34% balanced and 53.66% unbalanced. The results of chi-square test showed p = 0.000; r = 0.495.Conclusion: The elderly exercises influence the body balance as measured using the Romberg Test to healthy elderly, with a moderate degree of correlation (Sains Medika, 4(2):142-146).
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Teh Hijau (Camellia sinesis L.) dalam Sediaan Krim terhadap Sifat Fisik dan Aktivitas Antibakteri
Authors: Widyaningrum Naniek , Murrukmihadi Mimiek , Ekawati Syarifatun Karunia
Published: April 2023

Background: Green tea, is one of the herbs that have been proven to be effective as an anti-acne, among others.Green tea leaves contain 30-40% polyphenols known as catechins most of which are antimicrobial. For ease of use, the ethanolic leaf extract of green tea is made in cream. This study aimed to determine the effect of variations in the concentration of ethanolic extract of green tea leaves in cream on the physical properties and antibacterial activity of acne bacteria in particular.Design and Method: In this study, green tea leaf extract condensed obtained by maceration using 50% ethanol solution. Cream formula that is made in five concentration ethanolic extract of green tea leaves 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9% use a modified formula antiacne cream. Cream tested physical properties include homogenity, percent separation, dispersive power and adhesion. During the antibacterial activity was also tested. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann Whitney test with a level of 95%.Results: The preparation cream ethanolic leaf green tea extract at various concentrations have good homogenity and not separate, the greater concentration of cream ethanolic extract of green tea leaves get smaller power and energy dispersive adhesion, whereas the inhibitory against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria is getting biger. Conclusion: Cream ethanolic extract of green tea leaves that are comparable with the positive control (Ristra acne creaming) the physical properties and the antibacterial activity at a concentration of 7% (Sains Medika, 4(2):147-156).
Quality of Life Allergic Rhinitis after Probiotic Combination Supplementation
Authors: Wardani Andriana Tjitria Widi , Soetoko Anita Soraya
Published: April 2023

Background: Probiotics are potential as a therapy for allergy sufferers, which can increase the ratio IFNÃ£, IL4. However, the effects of probiotics on the quality of life of patients with allergic rhinitis have not been developed yet. This study aimed to determine the effect of a combination of probiotics on the quality of life of patients with allergic rhinitis.Design and Methods: This study used a randomized design with post test control group design. The populations in this study were men and women aged 18-25 years who suffer from allergic rhinitis with moderate to severe according to the WHO criteria. This study uses two groups: the group treated by administration of a combination of probiotics and the control group were given a placebo. Quality of life was assessed by checklist scores and levels of IgE. Data were analyzed using the Mann Whitney U test with 95% confidence intervals.Results: The results of statistical analysis showed no significant difference between the quality of life of allergic rhinitis sufferers control and treatment groups (p> 0.05). However, there are significant differences between the mean levels of IgE allergy sufferers rhintis control and treatment groups (p <0.05).Conclusion: Probiotic treatment did not affect the quality of life of patients with allergic hinitis but a reduction in the levels of IgE (Sains Medika, 4(2):157-164).
Diagnostic Value of Direct Antibiotic Susceptibility Test for Faster BacterialSusceptibility Reporting in Bacteremia
Authors: Hapsari Rebriarina , Ciptaningtyas Vincentia Rizke , Masfiyah Masfiyah
Published: April 2023

Background: Rapid and accurate information on susceptibility of bacteria causing bacteraemia is very helpful in sepsis management. Blood culture is the gold standard for bacteraemia diagnosis. Standard antibiotic susceptibility testing needs at least three days for completion while direct method can give the result a day earlier. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of direct antibiotic susceptibility testing in blood culture.Methods: Bloods from positive BACTEC bottles which met inclusion and exclusion criteria were put into sterile tubes and centrifuged. The pellets were then used to make 0.5 McFarland bacterial suspensions and directly used for antibiotic susceptibility testing. Interpretations of direct method were compared to standard method to count sensitivity, specificity, sensitive predictive value, resistant predictive value, accuracy, and kappa value.Results: From 58 samples (containing 22 gram negative, 36 gram positive bacteria), there were 309 total antibiotic susceptibility tests. Direct method showed sensitivity, specificity, sensitive predictive value, resistant predictive value, accuracy, and kappa value of 89.3%, 92.9%, 93.8%, 87.8%, 86.4%, and 0.82, respectively.Conclusion: Direct antibiotic susceptibility testing has a good agreement with the standard method so it can aid faster antibiotic susceptibility reporting in bacteraemia (Sains Medika, 4(2):174-181).
Acute Central Nervous System Infection : a Case Report
Authors: Masfiyah Masfiyah , Hapsari Rebriarina , Rahayu Rahayu , Maryani Maryani
Published: April 2023

Background : Acute central nervous system infection can be rapidly progressive, causing death or permanent damage in a short period of time. The diagnosis and knowledge of possible etiological agent is critically important. We present a case of a 15-month-old girl with generalized seizures and ecchymosis suspected for meningococcal infection but there was no proof of the agent of infection.Case report : A 15-month-old girl was admitted with fever of 39,4Â°C, generalized seizures, and petechiae after suffered high fever and cough in previous day. This was her first episode of seizures. She has no past history of growth and developmental disorder. She became rapidly deteriorated after few hours being hospitalized in Kariadi. Brain CT-scan was not done due to her conditions. She had anemia, normal white blood count, monocytosis, thrombocytopenia (4000/mm3), low CD4 count (99 cell/mm3), hipoalbuminemia (1.4 g/dl), increased lactate (2.5 mmol/L) and procalcitonin (>200.00 ng/ml). Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed normal cells count and glucose but increased protein level (375.2 mg/dL). Meningococcal infection was suspected due to clinical appearance, and ceftriaxone was given. Bacteriological and fungal culture of CSF and blood showed no growth. Despite of cardiorespiratory support given, she died after 4 days of admission.Discussion : Features of seizure and general ecchymosis do not belong exclusively to meningococcal infection. There are other possible etiological agent such as Haemophylus influenza, Streptococcal infection and viral infection. Shortage of available diagnostic tools such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) made it difficult to confirm the etiological agent (Sains Medika, 4(2):204-209).Question Remarks : What agent which you think cause the infection?
Infective Endocarditis in 60 Years Old Man at Dr. Kariadi Hospital
Authors: Wahyutomo Ridha
Published: April 2023

Infective endocarditis is an infection of the lining of the heart, particularly the cusps of valves characterized by fever and heart murmur, with or without malaise and fatigue. Clinical features can be divided into early manifestations of infection, embolic events, and late complications of sepsis and inflammation. It was reported that 60 years old man was brought to Kariadi hospital with prolong febris as his chief complaint. Patient has history of high grade fever and accompanied by weight loss, 3 kilograms for about 2 months. From physical examination result, in internal ward, we found he looked moderate ill. Heart systolic bruit at triscupidal valve and lungs were within normal limit. The result of blood culture from 3 different sites and throat swab culture were possitive, lead to the performance Streptococcus b haemolyticusâ€™s colonies. From the result of the ASTO, Echocardiography and physical examination show infective endocarditisâ€™s sign. The theraphy was Ceftriaxone 2 gram daily. Having obtained the results of negative cultures, and show an improvement of symptoms, finally the patient was getting improvement clinically and then treat as an outpatient. Patient was programmed to get Ceftriaxone 2 gram daily for 4 weeks. The decision of treatment not only from clinical manifestation but also from microbiology examination on the first admission in emergency unit. Blood culture with 3 bottles, interval 30 minutes is important for infective endocarditis. Furthermore, swab of throat area were taken to confirm for endocarditis cultures too. Finally there is no growth in culture until eighth day hospitalizasition. Spesific method on blood culture sampling is important to confirm the diagnostic of infective endocarditis and very useful for the clinicians to do the right clinical management for it. Subsequently, the role of clinical microbiologist in this case not only to support the clinical diagnostic but also the treatment in term of selecting of right antibiotic.
Nutrition Therapy in Elderly with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Authors: Fasitasari Minidian
Published: April 2023

Nutrition is an important health element for elderly people and influence aging process. Malnutrition prevalence is increasing in this population. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the chronic diseases in elderly that is related to malnutrition. The association between malnutrition and pulmonary disease (including COPD) has been known for a long time. Malnutrition has negative impacts on pulmonary structure, elasticity, and function, strength and endurance of respiratory muscles, pulmonary immunity defense mechanism, and breath control. Inversely, pulmonary disease (including COPD) will increase energy need and may reduce dietary intake. Nutrition intervention in COPD patient is intended for regulating anorexia, improving pulmonary function, and controlling weight loss. Nutrient requirements will be calculated according to the results of nutrition assessment. This article will discuss about nutrition therapy in elderly with COPD. It describes respiratory system in aging, association COPD and nutrition, and nutrition assessment, as well as nutrition intervention in elderly people with COPD.
The Definitive Diagnosis of Tuberculous Meningitis (TBM) di RSUP dr. Kariadi Semarang Descriptive study in adult patients using IS6110-based PCR amplification for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Masfiyah Masfiyah , Bintoro Aris Catur , Hadi Purnomo
Published: April 2023

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most common cause of central nervous system infection and has very high morbidity and mortality. The definitive diagnosis of TBM in RSUP dr Kariadi Semarang has been insufficient. This study aimed at finding out the definitive diagnosis of TBM di RSUP dr Kariadi Semarang using IS6110 sensitive and specific primer. This was a descriptive study included all in-patients with meningitis and/or TBM of RSUP Dr Kariadi Semarang aged > 14 years with Thwaitesâ€™ Diagnostic Score â‰¤ 4 between March 1, 2013 and November, 30 2013. The devinitive diagnosis of TBM was made using IS6110-based PCR amplification for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex conducted in microbiology clinic of FK UNDIP/RSUP dr. Kariadi Semarang. The secondary data was the basic and laboratory data from the medical records of the patients. Mean age was 39.59 Â± 15.7. Six (35.3%) pasients were diagnosed with devinitive TBM, 3 (17.64%) were meningitis positive by NTM (Non Tuberculous Mycobacteria). Dual infection was found in 1 (5.8%) case between TBM and bacterial meningitis. Most patients were productive age. Some had devititive TBM. The pasient with meningitis and dual infection were also diagnosed with NTM (Non Tuberculous Mycobacteria).
The level of Anxiety in Cervical Cancer Patients of Lower Socioeconomic Status Receiving Chemoteraphy in RSUD Dr. Moewardi
Authors: Yolanda Albina Eva , Karwur Ferry Fredy
Published: April 2023

Chemotheraphy for cervical cancer can result in physical and psychological side effects. One of the physical effects is anxiety. This study aimed at identifyingthe level of anxiety in cervical cancer patients of lower socioeconomic status receiving chemotherapy. The anxiety assessment was based on the physicaland psychological quetionnaire (HRS-A) with a guided interview with 40 patients of RSUD Dr. Moewardi. The data from the respondents were tabulatedand analyzed using pivot table of Microsoft Ecxel. The result showed that 40% of the respondents had anxiety symtoms, 30% had a mid anxiety and20% had a medium anxiety and 10% had a severe anxiety. Patients with a personal budget tend to have a higher anxiety compared with those who had agovernment health insurance (JAMKESMAS/Public Health Coverage Insurance). There had been several concerns among the patients including 1) thefear of side effect of chemotheraphy, 2) pessimism of the treatment outcome and the thought of death, 3) inconvenience of regular check for chemoteraphyto hospital and concern about the children and family. The level of anxiety varied among respondents. A lower socioeconic status, lower level of educationand the local wisdom of â€˜nrimoâ€™ were responsible for the abcence or lower level of anxiety symptoms in some patients.
Overview of The Incidence and Risk Factors for Nosocomial Infections Using a Geographic Information System Maps
Authors: Setianto Rochady , Lazuardi Lutfan , Dahesihdewi Andaru
Published: April 2023

Hospitalized patients have a high risk of getting nosocomial infections due to various reasons. They tend to be more susceptible to infection because oftheir underlying disease condition, and they have higher when patients undergo invasive procedures. If the patientâ€™s immune system is impaired, thenon-pathogenic microorganism are capable of causing disease. Map is a method of illustrating an epidemiologic effectively . Maps can be used to showplace of incidence. Mapping the incidence of nosocomial infections in Sultan Agung Hospital is a method developed for the surveillance of nosocomialinfections. This type of research is a quantitative study with a cross sectional design. This study illustrates the risk factors of nosocomial infection withincidence of nosocomial infections that occur based on time point. Risk factors are extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Based on the spatial image on the map,in extrinsic incidence of nosocomial infections is Plebitis. Genesis Plebitis incidence correlates with the placement of hand washing points handrub. Whilethe intrinsic factor in the Plebitis image and ILO most inpatient distribution in patients aged 50 years with impaired skin integrity due to infusion andphysically due to decreased immunity associated with a variety of underlying diseases. Incidence of nosocomial infections in the inpatient unit is theprimary predisposing factors such as age and clinical issues related predisposing underlying disease can weaken the immune system of the patient, so thatthe procedures and even the most basic medical treatment could potentially cause nosocomial infection.
Customers Perspective in Performance Assessment of Pharmacy Instillation of RSUD X with Balanced Scorecard
Authors: Sulistyaningrum Indriyati Hadi , Satibi Satibi , Andayani Tri Murti
Published: April 2023

Balanced Scorecard performance measurement (financial perspective, customer perspective, internal business perspective, and learning and growth perspective) offers a more thorough and comprehensive evaluation in a public organization such as a hospital. The object of this study was the Department of Pharmacy of RSUD X. This study was descriptive non-experimental. The data were obtained retrospectively and prospectively. The qualitative data were obtained through questionnaires. The quantitative data were obtained through direct observation, surveys. From the research using the Balanced Scorecard data gathering, it has been found that: performance customer perspective showed that the average patient satisfaction was 88% of patients. They were satisfied with the service of the Department of Pharmacy, and the average growth of customers has increased by 10% each month. In conclusions, the working performance of the department of pharmacy was included in a good criteria, with some suggestions and improvements that need to be taken into consideration.
Infection Prevention Behavior of Salon Service Giver in Region Semarang Municipality
Authors: Lestari Tri Wiji , Indriyawati Nina , Ulfiana Elisa
Published: April 2023

Infectious disease ranks first in the cause of morbidity in the developing countries including Indonesia especially in the eastern part of Indonesia. One of theleading infectious disease is hepatitis B that ranks ninth in the most leading cause of death. There are various cause of the spread of the disease includinglack of understanding in the infection measures including by the service giver of salon. Infection prevention behavior was caused by its service salon. Thepurpose of this study was to know the behavior in preventing infection of salon service giver in Semarang municipality. The study was a cross sectionalstudy, the independent variables were age, education, knowledge, attitude, infrastructure, supervisor support, and attitudes of service giver friend. Whilethe dependent variable was the behavior in the infection prevention measures. The sample was 50 salon service giver conducted with a purposive samplingmethod. The data analysis used chi-square and logistic regression. The result showed that there was a relationship between age, education, service giverfriend and infection prevention behavior, but there was no relationship between knowledge, attitude, infrastructure, supervisor support and infectionprevention behavior. The most influencing factor in infection preventing behavior was partner support of salon service giver (p=0,0002;OR =45.5). It isrecommended that salon owner provide tools used in accordance with the requirements/number of customers and make sure that to always take steps toprevent infections such as using schort, gloves.
Correlation between Attitude of Midwive and Support Cadre in the Behavior of Vitamin a Postpartum Mother Giving Primary Health Center Klaten Region
Authors: Hasanah Intan Nugraheni
Published: April 2023

The Program to prevent vitamin A deficiency in Indonesia includes the administration of vitamin A for post partum mothers by giving a high dose ofvitamin A (@ 200,000 international standard). However, midwives sometimes do not evaluate and follow up the program implantation to make sure thatall postpartum women receive the capsule. This study was aimed at evaluating the midwivesâ€™ attitude and health promotorsâ€™ support and the behavior ofmidwives in giving the vitamin A capsule to post partum mothers in integrated health center (puskesmas) in Klaten regency. This was a cross-sectionalstudy among 37 midwives in puskesmas of Klaten. The data was obtained using a structured questionnaire. Univariate analysis used frequency distributionand bivariate using chi square test. Most of the respondents (75.6%) had a good supports (68%), there was a correlation between the attitude and behaviorof midwife in giving the vit A capsule (p=0.002). There was a correlation between the support of health promoters with the behavior of midwives in givingvitamin A capsule to post partum mothers(p=0.004). There was a correlation between the attitude and the behavior of midwife and support of healthpromotors and the behavior of midwives in giving the vitamin A to mother in Klaten regency.
The Polyphenolics and Health Effects of Pomegranate
Authors: Nge Sonya Titin , Martosupono Martanto , Karwur Ferry Fredy
Published: April 2023

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a useful fruit which mostly consumed as fresh fruit and can also be used as a various of processed products. Reports proved pomegranate were beneficial to health. Polyphenolic compounds in pomegranate especially ellagitannin (hydrolyzed), anthocyanins, gallotannin,and ellagic acid can maintain oral hygiene, healthy skin from the effects of free radicals caused by UV radiation, has the ability to synthesize cholesterol, destroying free radicals in the human vascular system and can prevent prostate cancer. In vitro and in vivo test has shown the fruit is acting as anti diabetic drug, and hypolipidemic, anticarcinogenic, antibacterial, anti inflamation, and antiviral. This review presenting an overview about the bioactive compound contents, physiological and health function of the fruit.
Aspirin as a Chemopreventive Agent for Cancer: a New Hope?
Authors: Miladiyah Isnatin
Published: April 2023

Introduction: inflammation has been shown to play a major role in the pathogenesis of cancer. Inflammatory process activates the immune system through pro-inflammatory mediators and subsequent triggers transformation into malignant cells. Some tumors or cancers has been associated with chronic infections, such as hepatitis B and C viruses (hepatocellular carcinoma), human papilloma virus (cervical cancer), Helicobacter pylori (gastric cancer and lymphoma), and prostatitis (prostate cancer). A considerable study have investigated the benefits of aspirin for the prevention and treatment of cancer or tumors. Objectives: This paper aims to describe the relationship between inflammation and cancer incidence, so that use of aspirin as an anti-inflammatory agent is a rational choice in the treatment and prevention of cancer. Conclusion: Aspirin potential for chemoprevention of various types of cancer. Considering the high risk of side effects of aspirin, aspirin is not intended as a routine therapy to prevent the occurrence of cancer.
India Ink Staining, a Rapid and Affordable Test for Diagnosis of Cryptococcal Meningitis
Authors: Masfiyah Masfiyah
Published: April 2023

Cryptococcal meningitis incidence has increased along with an increase in incidence of HIV-AIDS. This infection causes increased morbidity and mortality in patients with HIV-AIDS. A rapid diagnosis plays an important role to ensure a prompt therapy of the disease. The cryptococcal polysaccharide antigen test for diagnosis of meningitis is rapid but relatively expensive while culture is time consuming. A 47-year man was admitted to hospital with a headache, fever, nausea, and vomiting and a HIV history for the last 6 months. On physical examination, he was compos mentis, meningealâ€™s stimuli signs (+), where as on examination of craniales nerves, motor and sensibility was in a normal range. Routine blood was normal, 60 CD4 cells/mm3. Laboratory finding included a clowdy/turbid Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), low glucose level (CSF glucose 43 mg / dl vs. blood glucose 293 mg / dl), elevated protein concentration (137.1 mg / dl), and polymorphonuclear pleocytosis. India ink stain showed encapsulated yeasts. Cryptococcus sp is the only encapsulated yeast, while C. neoformans is the most common cause of Cryptococcosis in patients with HIV-AIDS. The patient was diagnosed with Cryptococcal meningitis by indian ink staining, and immediately given anti-fungal theraphy.
Flavonoids and Aging
Authors: Nasihun Taufiqurrachman
Published: April 2023

Aging is inevitable process, however human comes into aging is in difference way and difference rates. Some of them undergo aging earlier due to degenerative diseases, unable to reach the maximum lifespan and are thus denominated secondary aging (Huebschmann AG, 2011). Some of others undergo aging latter, looked younger than their truely chronological age, have no suffer degenerative disease, able to achieve maximum lifespan and so called primary aging (De la Fuente, 2009; Huebschmann AG, 2011). Maximum lifespan or often called longevity of the species is defined as maximum time that a species belonging to determine how long the species can live, for example maximum lifespan in human beings is 122 years, whereas the lifespan in rats and mouse strains is only 3 and 4 years respectively (De lafuente, 2009). It must be distinguished this longevity from mean or averages longevity. Average longevity can be defined as the average of time that member of population that have been born on the same date live (De la Fuente, 2009). The maximum lifespan is fixed in each species, meanwhile the lifespan of individual subject in the population, even when their genotype are the same and grow in a common environment condition, such as protected from external hazard show marked variability (Kirkwood, 2005).
Sterility of Gauze Packed in One and Three Layer Layer Parchment Paper
Authors: Putri Saskia Biyakto , Lestari Endang Sri , Ciptaningtyas Vincentia Rizke
Published: April 2023

Intoduction: Sterile gauze is one of the medical devices that are often used to prevent infection. Several things, one of them is materials for packaging, can affect the sterility of gauze. Parchment paper is one of the packaging materials for sterilization. The study was done to analyze the sterility of gauze packed with parchment paper one layer and three layers on the growth of microorganism.Method: This study was an experimental study with a quasi-experimental design. Samples were 60 gauze packed with one layer parchment paper and 60 gauze packed with three layers of parchment paper. The sterility of sterile gauze tested at weeks 0, 2 and 4. Results: There was no significant difference in the sterility of gauze packed with 1 layer of parchment paper on the growth of microorganisms at 0, 2, 4 weeks (p = 0.126). No significant difference in the sterility of sterile gauze packed with 3 layers of parchment paper at 0, 2, 4 weeks (p = 0.675). There was a significant difference in the sterility of sterile gauze packed with parchment paper 1 layer and 3 layers on the growth of microorganisms (p = 0.002).Conclusion There is a significant difference of sterile gauze packed with parchment paper 1 layer and 3 layers against the growth of microorganisms. The sterility of the packaged sterile gauze with a layer of parchment paper is better than the three layers.
The Administration of Orange Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.) Extract Increases Sperm Consentration, Mortility and Viability in Male Mice Exposed to Cigarette Smoke
Authors: Rizqy Lintang Laila , Nida Nor Anisatun , Noviana Dwi Ayu , Nasihun Taufiqurrachman , Widayati Eni
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Ipomoea batatas L (LIP) contains antioxidants beta-carotene, vitamin C and vitamin E. Cigarette smoke containing ROS has been proven to decrease sperm quality.Objective: this study aimed to confirm that orange sweet potato extract increases sperm consentration, motility, and viability in mice exposed to cigarette smoke.Methods: In this experimental study with post test only control group design, 30 male mice were divided into 6 groups. Normal group (Nor-G), no intervention, served as the normal control group. Negative control group (Neg-G) was only exposed to cigarette smoke. Positive control group was only treated with IPL 16mg/ml. IPL-15, IPL-16, and IPL-17 group were treated with IPL 15, 16, and 17mg/ml and exposed to cigarette smoke, respectively.Results: Post Hoc LSD analysis showed that means of sperm concentration and viability in IPL-15, IPL-16, and IPL-17 group were significantly higher compared to that of Neg-G (p < 0.05) and were lower compared to that of Nor-G and Pos-G (p < 0.05). Mann Whitney analysis indicated that the persentage of sperm motility in IPL-15, IPL-16, and IPL-17, were significant higher compared to that of Neg-G, p < 0.05. Whilst compared to that of Nor-G and Pos-G the persentage of sperm motility in IPL-15, IPL-16, and IPL-17, there was no significant differences, p > 0.05.Conclusion: treatment of IPL capable of increasing sperm concentration, motility, and viability in male mice were exposed to cigarrette smoke.
The Effect of Reality Therapy on the Level of Anxiety and Depression in Army Wife
Authors: Fourida Ibrahim Nasrul , Sudiyanto Aris , Fanani Moh.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Anxiety and depression, are the most common psychopathological symptoms among army wives living in Kopassus (Indonesian army special force) dormitory, with the prevalence of 15-40%. Proper management with reality therapy for anxious and depressed army wives living in Kopassus dormitory is needed.OBJECTIVE: to determine the effect of reality therapy on anxiety and depression levels in army wives in Kopassus Group 2 dormitory.METHODS: This study was designed as a randomized control trial pretest and post-test two group design. Sampling was done by simple random technique. Thirty subjects were divided into two groups. Control group received regular interview, while experimental group received reality therapy. Respondents were asked to fill out The Lie Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory questionnaire (L-MMPI), biodata, the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale questionnaire (TMAS), and the Beck Depression Inventory questionnaire (BDI). The Wilcoxon Rank Test and Mann-Whitney were applied for data analysis, with the significance level of p<0.05.RESULT: The Wilcoxon Rank Test in the TMAS (anxiety) and BDI (depression) showed a significant difference (p<0.05). The Mann-Whitney analysis of the anxiety and depression variables showed a significant difference between the reality therapy group and the control group (regular interview) (p <0.05). The experiment group has a TMAS and BDI score lower than that of the control group.CONCLUSION: The reality therapy is effective to lower the level of anxiety and depression in army wives.
Effect of Celery Extract Administration on 8-OHdG and Number of Foam Cell in Wistar Strain Rats With A High-Fat Diet
Authors: Budiarto Agnes , Nasihun Taufiqurrachman , Hussaana Atina
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: A high fat diet, accompanied by high frequency eating, results in hyperlipidemia. One prevention for hyperlipidemia is administration of celery extract.OBJECTIVE: to explore the effect of celery extract on the level of 8-OHdG (8 -Hydroxy-2’-Deoxy Guanosine) and the number of foam cell.METHODS: Experimental studies with post-test only control group design used Wistar rats, administered with adrenaline and high-fat diet forhyperlipidemic induction.Total of 35 rats were divided into 5 groups: negative controls (Neg-G); positive control treated with simvastatin (Nor-G); ES25-G,ES50-G, and ES75-G group were treated with 25 mg/200 g BW, 50 mg/200 g BW, and 75 mg/200 g BW celery extract, respectively. The treatment was given for 30 days. The 8-OHdG level was determined by ELISA, whereas the number of foam cells was determined by histopathologic preparations with HE staining. Data analysis was conducted by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney.RESULTS: Mann-Whitney analysis showed levels of 8-OHdG in ES-25-G 12.13±0.21, ES-50-G 7.23±0.25, ES-75-G 4.41±0.45 significantly lowerthan the Nor-G 14.30±0.66, respectively p<0.001. The number of foam cells in the ES-25-G was 7.57±0.53, ES-50-G 6.57±0.79, ES-75-G 3.43±0.53,significantly lower than the Neg-G 13.57±1.27, respectively p<0.001.CONCLUSION: Celery extract capable of decreasing levels of 8-OHdG and the number of foam cells in Wistar rats induced with adrenaline and high-fatdiet.
Ramadan Fasting, Health, and Autophagy: Is There any Relationship?
Authors: Nasihun Taufiqurrachman
Published: April 2023

Fasting, the voluntary abstinence from food intake for a certain period of time is a well-known practice in relation with spiritual purposes (Trepanowski, JF, 2010). Ramadan fasting (RF) is an obligation of Muslim across the world during the entire holy month of Ramadan. In this specified period, Muslim every day from dawn to dusk are prohibited to eat, drink, and sexual relation, by which Muslim seek an enhanced level of closeness to God (Alloh). This testament is referenced in the verse of Al Baqoroh 183 of Holy Qur’an: “O you who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you, as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may become righteous”. In addition to closeness, RF in the Islamic perspective also believed capable of improving human health as prophet of Mohammad (peace be upon him) said that “fasting makes you healthier”. However, to the benefit of RF during the entire month of Ramadan on health remain circumstantial. There is germane question regarding RF, whether or not RF can elicit benefits or otherwise will compromise health status and physical activity performances in fasted people, considering total calorie and fluid intake were reduced (Aziz AR, et al. 2012; Bouhlel E, et al. 2006). Accordingly, in the last two decades, the health effects of RF have recently been the subject of scientific research, not only in health outcome (Trepanowski, JF, 2010; Moro T, et al. 2016), but also in exercise performance (Aziz AR, et al. 2012).
OBESITY AS A RISK FACTOR FOR SURGICAL SITE INFECTION AFTER TRANSPERITONEAL CESAREAN SECTION
Authors: Rahayu Rahayu
Published: April 2023

Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the main complications that can increase morbidity and mortality in obese women after cesarean section. Surgical site infection can be caused by endogenous or exogenous factors. This was a case of  a woman, G4P3A0, 32 years, after  trans-peritoneal cesarean section for indications of breech presentation; primary uterine inertia; premature rupture + 22 hours with BMI = 30.80 kg/m2. This case report discusses how obesity causes surgical site infection and its management.
HIGH DOSE VITAMIN C ADMINISTRATION EFFECT IN LEYDIG CELLS, SERTOLI CELLS NUMBER, AND SPERM QUALITY ON MALE WISTAR RATS
Authors: Dwi Juniatiningrum Ratna , Nasihun Taufiqurrachman , Isradji Israhnanto
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Most infertile male are associated with poor spermatogenesis due to oxidative stress, and can be prevented with vitamin C. However, excessive amount of high dose of vitamin C can hindered and lower the sperm quality. Objective: To prove that high dose vitamin C is capable to decrease the number of leydig cells, sertoli cells, and sperm quality on male wistar rats.Methods: This research was using experimental method with Post Test Only Controlled Group Design. Of 24 male Wistar rats, divided randomly to 4 groups. Normal groups (Nor -G), only given 2 ml/day distilled water; vitamin C group (VC18-G, VC36-G, and VC72-G) given 18 mg/day, 36 mg/day and 72 mg/day vitamin C respectively, dissolved in 2 ml of distilled water. Sperm, the number of Leydig cells and Sertoli cells were taken from the epididymis and left right testicle on day 21. Sperm analysis using WHO standard, while the number of Leydig cells and Sertoli cells with HE staining.Results: Mann Whitney analysis indicated that the number of sperm in VC36-G and VC72-G are lower compared to that of Nor-G and VC18-G groups, p <0.05. Post-Hoc LSD analysis showed that the lowest number of Leydig and Sertoli Cell, and the weakest sperm motility and morphology  in VC36-G and VC72-G groups, compared to that of Nor-G and VC18-G groups, p <0.05 .Conclusion: Vitamin C 36 and 72 mg/day were capable of reducing Leydig and Sertoli cells number, and worsen sperm quality, characterized by decreased in sperm concentration, motility and morphology in Wistar male- rats.
Propostas de temas a serem abordados em atividades de educação ambiental em trilhas interpretativas: estudo de caso no Parque Ecológico Mauro Romano, Vassouras-RJ
Authors: Souto de Almeida Fábio , Cunha Lemos Mariana , Guimarães Ribeiro Jade
Published: April 2023

Este estudo teve como objetivo apontar temas que podem ser discutidos com os participantes das atividades de educação ambiental nas trilhas do Parque Ecológico Mauro Romano da Associação Civil Vale Verdejante, Município de Vassouras, Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Nesse sentido, foram realizadas visitas ao Parque para observar as suas características e propor abordagens em pontos de interesse nas atividades de educação ambiental, nas trilhas existentes. Foram observadas, nas duas trilhas estudadas, aqui denominadas “trilha do reflorestamento” e “trilha agroflorestal”, diversas características interessantes na disseminação de informações e discussões sobre temas ambientais, incluindo a diversidade de espécies e a importância da sua proteção, a conservação de recursos naturais e as práticas agroecológicas. Além disso, as dinâmicas propostas no presente trabalho serão uteis para a assimilação dos conhecimentos disseminados durante as atividades no Parque.
Curso Preparatório Celpe-Bras na UNILA
Authors: Ferreira Laura Marcia Luiza
Published: April 2023

A Língua Portuguesa e a Espanhola são as línguas de trabalho da Universidade da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA) que tem o bilinguismo institucional como um de seus pilares. Neste texto, relato a experiência de coordenação do curso de extensão Preparatório para o exame Certificado de Proficiência em Língua Portuguesa para Estrangeiros, o Celpe-Bras, realizado no primeiro e no segundo semestre de 2019 no contexto da UNILA. Inicialmente, apresento informações sobre ações relacionadas ao exame Celpe-Bras na UNILA, tais como as aplicações do exame e os primeiros cursos preparatórios para o exame Celpe-Bras da instituição e, em seguida, discuto o processo de construção da metodologia que direcionou as edições do curso durante o ano de 2019 e seus resultados, tanto para os cursistas quanto para a formação de futuros professores de línguas. A ação atendeu futuros examinandos da comunidade interna da universidade e da região da Tríplice Fronteira e, ao mesmo tempo, foi espaço para realização de estágio obrigatório para futuras professoras, fomentando o letramento em avaliação de línguas. Espera-se que o relato possa contribuir para o registro das ações de promoção da língua portuguesa em contextos universitários, bem como, oferecer informações para elaboração de novos cursos preparatórios para exames de proficiência.
Contribuições da Iniciativa Conjunta para Promoção da Abordagem da Saúde Única na formação profissional e comunitária para o enfrentamento da pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Vicente Creuza Rachel , Abou Mourad Ferreira Mariana , De Oliveira Freitas Natalia
Published: April 2023

A abordagem de Saúde Única integra diversas esferas profissionais com o intuito de solucionar problemas envolvendo a saúde humana, animal e ambiental, sendo importante para a prevenção de pandemias, como a da Covid-19. Este relato de experiência descreve como nosso projeto de extensão em Saúde Única teve impacto positivo na continuidade das atividades universitárias durante a pandemia de Covid-19, e na promoção de conhecimento para a comunidade em geral. Tendo em vista o contexto do isolamento social, todas as atividades foram realizadas de forma virtual. As tarefas, iniciadas em agosto de 2020, foram: (i) webinars e grupos de estudo com professores, profissionais da saúde e alunos da graduação e pós-graduação; (ii) curso internacional envolvendo profissionais e alunos do Brasil, Alemanha, Moçambique e Kosovo; e (iii) divulgação de conteúdo educativo nas redes sociais. Até o momento, foram realizados oito webinars; dez grupos de estudo para discussão de temas atuais; produção de mais de 70 conteúdos em redes sociais e duas edições do curso internacional em Saúde Única. O presente projeto mostrou-se bem-sucedido ao unir e capacitar uma gama de profissionais de diferentes áreas de atuação, estados e países, e a difundir a abordagem da Saúde Única para a população em geral.
MECHANISM OF MOTION IN WIJAYA KUSUMA FLOWER PLANT (Epiphyllum anguliger): QUEEN OF THE NIGHT AS A SOURCE OF LEARNING PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
Authors: Rahmah Wuryan Timur Umi
Published: April 2023

Plants or plants are living things just like humans and animals. Plants also move which aims to show irritability and to respond to the stimuli it receives. Movement in plants is divided into several categories, one of which is the motion of tropism, which is also divided into more specific movements. This writing aims to find out and study the mechanism of motion of the wijaya kusuma flower. Wijaya Kusuma Flower Plants are plants that have special movements and are different from the movements of other plants. Most people do not know that the movement of the wijaya kusuma flower plant is called scototropism. This motion can also be said to be negative phototropism because the plant will move away from the sun when the light comes close to the plant. One of the characteristics of the Wijaya Kusuma flower itself is that it can only bloom at night for between 1 and 2 hours and will wither the next morning.
The effect of a problem-based learning model on high school students' human values
Authors:   Faculty of Education, Bartin University, Turkey, Hatipoğlu Cenk
Published: April 2023

Different methods are needed in the field of vocational education to ensure that students associate the knowledge they have learned with real-life situations. Considering that problem-based learning (PBL) techniques also have important effects in the context of human values, this study aimed to investigate the effects of PBL models on high school students' human values. A mixed-method approach and expansive sequential pattern were used. Quantitative data were obtained through a quasi-experimental method that employed the Human Values Scale as a measurement tool, applied to 32 vocational and technical high school students in Turkey. In the qualitative dimension, focus group interviews were conducted with six student participants. Non-parametric statistical techniques and content analysis were performed, and results showed that there was a strong relationship between the PBL model and students’ human values; human values were positively affected and increased in all but one of the scale items. It was concluded that PBL can result in high-level learning outcomes and has a positive effect on learning and human values in general.