bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges to Inflation in the Post-Planck Era
Authors: Liu Jingwei , Melia Fulvio
Published: May 2024

Space-based missions studying the cosmic microwave background (CMB) have progressively refined the parameter space in conventional models of inflation shortly (∼10−37 s) after the Big Bang. While most inflationary scenarios proposed thus far in the context of general relativity have since been ruled out, the basic idea of inflation may still be tenable, albeit with several unresolved conundrums, such as conflicting initial conditions and inconsistencies with the measured CMB power spectrum. In the new slow-roll inflationary picture, inflation arising in plateau-like potentials requires an initiation beyond the Planck time. This delay may be consistent with the cutoff,

k

min

, measured recently in the primordial power spectrum. However, the actual value of

k

min

would imply an initiation time too far beyond the Big Bang for inflation to solve the horizon problem. In this paper, we also describe several other undesirable consequences of this delay, including an absence of well-motivated initial conditions and a significant difficulty in providing a viable mechanism for properly quantizing the primordial fluctuations. Nevertheless, many of these inconsistencies may still be avoided if one introduces nonconventional modifications to inflation, such as a brief departure from slow-roll dynamics, possibly due to a dramatic change in the inflationary potential, inflation driven by multiple fields, or a nonminimal coupling to gravity. In addition, some of these difficulties could be mitigated via the use of alternative cosmologies based, e.g., on loop quantum gravity, which replaces the initial Big Bang singularity with finite conditions at a bounce-like beginning.
Hybrid Star Models in the Light of New Multimessenger Data
Authors: Li Jia Jie , Sedrakian Armen , Alford Mark
Published: May 2024

Recent astrophysical mass inferences of compact stars HESS J1731-347 and PSR J0952-0607, with extremely small and large masses respectively, as well as the measurement of the neutron skin of Ca in the CREX experiment challenge and constrain the models of dense matter. We examine the concept of hybrid stars—objects containing quark cores surrounded by nucleonic envelopes—as models that account for these new data along with other inferences. We employ a family of 81 nucleonic equations of state (EOSs) with variable skewness and slope of symmetry energy at saturation density and a constant speed-of-sound EOS for quark matter. For each nucleonic EOS, a family of hybrid EOSs is generated by varying the transition density, the energy jump, and the speed of sound. These models are tested against the data from GW170817 and J1731-347, which favor low-density soft EOS and J0592-0607 and J0740+6620, which require high-density stiff EOS. The addition of J0592-0607's mass measurement to the constraints has no significant impact on the parameter space of the admissible EOS, but allows us to explore the potential effect of pulsars more massive than J0740+6620, if such exists. We then examine the occurrence of twin configurations and quantify the ranges of masses and radii that they can possess. It is shown that including J1731-347 data favors EOSs that predict low-mass twins with M ≲ 1.3 M
⊙ that can be realized if the deconfinement transition density is low. If combined with large speed of sound in quark matter such models allow for maximum masses of hybrid stars in 2.0–2.6 M
⊙.
Observations of GRB 221009A by the MAVEN-SEP Instrument at Mars
Authors: Alnussirat Samer T. , Rahmati Ali , Larson Davin , Dunn Patrick A. , Lee Christina O. , Tomsick John , Agapitov O.
Published: May 2024

We report on the detection of the Brightest Of All Time (the BOAT) gamma-ray burst (GRB) 221009A by the MAVEN Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) silicon (Si) detectors. The SEP instrument on board the MAVEN spacecraft at Mars is designed to measure charged particle fluxes and energies. In this work, we show that the SEP Si detectors have detected populations of secondary charged particles and low-energy primary photons from the GRB. Our analysis relies on a series of simplified Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations. We show that electromagnetic and hadronic interactions between the GRB photons and the spacecraft’s passive material and Si detectors produced the detected secondary particles.
Analytical Study of Damped Standing Longitudinal MHD Waves in Flowing Coronal Loops: The Effect of Thermal Conduction
Authors: Bahari Karam
Published: May 2024

The longitudinal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) oscillations of coronal loops have been investigated in dissipative flowing loops. Thermal conduction has been considered as the damping mechanism of the wave. We aim to construct the damped longitudinal waves by superposing two propagating waves that propagate in opposite directions. The two propagating components must have the same oscillation frequencies and damping rates, which has been described impossible by some authors, but we have used a technique to overcome this difficulty. The equations of motion are combined to obtain a differential equation for the velocity perturbation. Using the weak damping condition, the perturbation method is used to solve the dispersion relation. In the leading order approximation, the oscillation frequency of the standing waves is determined. In the first-order approximation, we let both the oscillation frequency and wavelength of the propagating waves be perturbed due to the presence of thermal conduction, which enables us to determine the damping rate of the standing waves. Our results show that the plasma flow is an essential parameter in determining the effectiveness of the damping mechanism. Also, the exact solutions of the dispersion relation have been determined without using weak damping assumption. Interestingly the two solutions are the same. Introducing plasma flow to the coronal loop causes the period ratio of the fundamental mode to the first overtone to decrease more.
The TESS-Keck Survey. XX. 15 New TESS Planets and a Uniform RV Analysis of All Survey Targets
Authors: Polanski Alex S. , Lubin Jack , Beard Corey , Akana Murphy Joseph M. , Rubenzahl Ryan , Hill Michelle L. , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Chontos Ashley , Robertson Paul , Isaacson Howard , Kane Stephen R. , Ciardi David R. , Batalha Natalie M. , Dressing Courtney , Fulton Benjamin , Howard Andrew W. , Huber Daniel , Petigura Erik A. , Weiss Lauren M. , Angelo Isabel , Behmard Aida , Blunt Sarah , Brinkman Casey L. , Dai Fei , Dalba Paul A. , Fetherolf Tara , Giacalone Steven , Hirsch Lea A. , Holcomb Rae , Kosiarek Molly R. , Mayo Andrew W. , MacDougall Mason G. , Močnik Teo , Pidhorodetska Daria , Rice Malena , Rosenthal Lee J. , Scarsdale Nicholas , Turtelboom Emma V. , Tyler Dakotah , Van Zandt Judah , Yee Samuel W. , Coria David R. , Dulz Shannon D. , Hartman Joel D. , Householder Aaron , Lange Sarah , Langford Andrew , Louden Emma M. , Siegel Jared C. , Gilbert Emily A. , Gonzales Erica J. , Schlieder Joshua E. , Boyle Andrew W. , Christiansen Jessie L. , Clark Catherine A. , Fernandes Rachel B. , Lund Michael B. , Savel Arjun B. , Gill Holden , Beichman Charles , Matson Rachel , Matthews Elisabeth C. , Furlan E. , Howell Steve B. , Scott Nicholas J. , Everett Mark E. , Livingston John H. , Ershova Irina O. , Cheryasov Dmitry V. , Safonov Boris , Lillo-Box Jorge , Barrado David , Morales-Calderón María
Published: May 2024

The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) has discovered hundreds of new worlds, with TESS planet candidates now outnumbering the total number of confirmed planets from Kepler. Owing to differences in survey design, TESS continues to provide planets that are better suited for subsequent follow-up studies, including mass measurement through radial velocity (RV) observations, compared to Kepler targets. In this work, we present the TESS-Keck Survey’s (TKS) Mass Catalog: a uniform analysis of all TKS RV survey data that has resulted in mass constraints for 126 planets and candidate signals. This includes 58 mass measurements that have reached ≥5σ precision. We confirm or validate 32 new planets from the TESS mission either by significant mass measurement (15) or statistical validation (17), and we find no evidence of likely false positives among our entire sample. This work also serves as a data release for all previously unpublished TKS survey data, including 9,204 RV measurements and associated activity indicators over our three-year survey. We took the opportunity to assess the performance of our survey and found that we achieved many of our goals, including measuring the mass of 38 small (<4 R
⊕) planets, nearly achieving the TESS mission’s basic science requirement. In addition, we evaluated the performance of the Automated Planet Finder as survey support and observed meaningful constraints on system parameters, due to its more uniform phase coverage. Finally, we compared our measured masses to those predicted by commonly used mass–radius relations and investigated evidence of systematic bias.
Uncovering the Ghostly Remains of an Extremely Diffuse Satellite in the Remote Halo of NGC 253*
Authors: Okamoto Sakurako , Ferguson Annette M. N. , Arimoto Nobuo , Ogami Itsuki , Žemaitis Rokas , Chiba Masashi , Irwin Mike J. , Jang In Sung , Koda Jin , Komiyama Yutaka , Lee Myung Gyoon , Lee Jeong Hwan , Rich Michael R. , Tanaka Masayuki , Tanaka Mikito
Published: May 2024

We present the discovery of NGC253-SNFC-dw1, a new satellite galaxy in the remote stellar halo of the Sculptor Group spiral, NGC 253. The system was revealed using deep, resolved star photometry obtained as part of the Subaru Near-Field Cosmology Survey that uses the Hyper Suprime-Cam on the Subaru Telescope. Although rather luminous (M

V
= −11.7 ± 0.2) and massive (M
* ∼ 1.25 × 107
M
⊙), the system is one of the most diffuse satellites yet known, with a half-light radius of R

h
= 3.37 ± 0.36 kpc and an average surface brightness of ∼30.1 mag arcmin−2 within the R

h
. The color–magnitude diagram shows a dominant, old (∼10 Gyr), and metal-poor ([M/H] = −1.5 ± 0.1 dex) stellar population, as well as several candidate thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch stars. The distribution of red giant branch stars is asymmetrical and displays two elongated tidal extensions pointing toward NGC 253, suggestive of a highly disrupted system being observed at apocenter. NGC253-SNFC-dw1 has a size comparable to that of the puzzling Local Group dwarfs Andromeda XIX and Antlia 2 but is 2 magnitudes brighter. While unambiguous evidence of tidal disruption in these systems has not yet been demonstrated, the morphology of NGC253-SNFC-dw1 clearly shows that this is a natural path to produce such diffuse and extended galaxies. The surprising discovery of this system in a previously well-searched region of the sky emphasizes the importance of surface-brightness limiting depth in satellite searches.
The Interplay between the Initial Mass Function and Star Formation Efficiency through Radiative Feedback at High Stellar Surface Densities
Authors: Menon Shyam H. , Lancaster Lachlan , Burkhart Blakesley , Somerville Rachel S. , Dekel Avishai , Krumholz Mark R.
Published: May 2024

The observed rest-UV luminosity function at cosmic dawn (z ∼ 8–14) measured by JWST revealed an excess of UV-luminous galaxies relative to many prelaunch theoretical predictions. A high star formation efficiency (SFE) and a top-heavy initial mass function (IMF) are among the mechanisms proposed for explaining this excess. Although a top-heavy IMF has been proposed for its ability to increase the light-to-mass ratio (ΨUV), the resulting enhanced radiative pressure from young stars could decrease the SFE, potentially driving galaxy luminosities back down. In this Letter, we use idealized radiation hydrodynamic simulations of star cluster formation to explore the effects of a top-heavy IMF on the SFE of clouds typical of the high-pressure conditions found at these redshifts. We find that the SFE in star clusters with solar-neighborhood-like dust abundance decreases with increasingly top-heavy IMFs—by ∼20% for an increase of a factor of 4 in ΨUV and by 50% for a factor of ∼10 in ΨUV. However, we find that an expected decrease in the dust-to-gas ratio (∼0.01 × solar) at these redshifts can completely compensate for the enhanced light output. This leads to a (cloud-scale; ∼10 pc) SFE that is ≳70% even for a factor of 10 increase in ΨUV, implying that highly efficient star formation is unavoidable for high surface density and low-metallicity conditions. Our results suggest that a top-heavy IMF, if present, likely coexists with efficient star formation in these galaxies.
Gamma-Ray Bursts as Distance Indicators by a Statistical Learning Approach
Authors: Dainotti Maria Giovanna , Narendra Aditya , Pollo Agnieszka , Petrosian Vahé , Bogdan Malgorzata , Iwasaki Kazunari , Prochaska Jason Xavier , Rinaldi Enrico , Zhou David
Published: May 2024

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can be probes of the early Universe, but currently, only 26% of GRBs observed by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory have known redshifts (z) due to observational limitations. To address this, we estimated the GRB redshift (distance) via a supervised statistical learning model that uses optical afterglow observed by Swift and ground-based telescopes. The inferred redshifts are strongly correlated (a Pearson coefficient of 0.93) with the observed redshifts, thus proving the reliability of this method. The inferred and observed redshifts allow us to estimate the number of GRBs occurring at a given redshift (GRB rate) to be 8.47–9 yr−1 Gpc−1 for 1.9 < z < 2.3. Since GRBs come from the collapse of massive stars, we compared this rate with the star formation rate, highlighting a discrepancy of a factor of 3 at z < 1.
Covering properties of $ C_{p}\left(Y|X\right) $
Authors: Ferrando Juan C. , López-Pellicer Manuel , Moll-López Santiago
Published: May 2024

Let $ X $ be an infinite Tychonoff space, and $ Y $ be a topological subspace of $ X $. In this paper, we study some covering properties of the subspace $ C_{p}\left(Y|X\right) $ of $ C_{p}\left(Y\right) $ consisting of those functions $ f\in C\left(Y\right) $ which admit a continuous extension to $ X $ equipped with the relative topology of $ C_{p}\left(Y\right) $. Among other results, we show that $ \left(i\right) $ $ C_{p}(Y|X) $ has a fundamental bounded resolution if and only if $ Y $ is countable; when $ X $ is realcompact and $ Y $ is closed in $ X $, we have $ \left(ii\right) $ if $ C_{p}(Y|X) $ admits a resolution of convex compact sets that swallows the local null sequences in $ C_{p}(Y|X) $, then $ Y $ is countable and discrete; $ \left(iii\right) $ if $ C_{p}(Y|X) $ admits a compact resolution that swallows the compact sets, then $ Y $ is also countable and discrete, and, as a corollary, we deduce that $ C_{p}(Y|X) $ admits a compact resolution that swallows the compact sets if and only if $ C_{p}(Y|X) $ is a Polish space. We also prove that $ \left(iv\right) $ for a metrizable space $ X $, $ C_{p}\left(X\right) $ is a quasi-$ \left(LB\right) $-space if and only if $ X $ is $ \sigma $-compact, and hence for a subspace $ Y $ of $ X $, the space $ C_{p}\left(Y|X\right) $ is a quasi-$ \left(LB\right) $-space. We include some examples and observations that answer natural questions raised in this paper.
Influence of chemical pretreatment on the pozzolanicity of recycled glass microparticles used as a substitute for Portland cement
Authors: Barros Correia J.V.F. , Campos dos Santos H. , Bomfim Fraga Y.S. , Oliveira R.M.P.B.
Published: May 2024

This research investigated the influence of using chemically treated glass microparticles as a partial replacement for cement in Portland cement pastes and mortars. The microparticles were obtained by grinding glass waste into three different particle size fractions (< 75 µm, < 45 µm, and < 25 µm), treated with calcium hydroxide (CH), and characterized using SEM/EDS and a laser particle size analyzer. Samples prepared with the incorporation of glass were characterized using XRD, TGA/DTG, and SEM/EDS. The pretreatment with calcium hydroxide induced the formation of C-S-H with different morphologies on the surface of the particles, in addition to causing changes in particle size distribution due to the formation of agglomerates. The pastes prepared with treated particles had lower amounts of CH and higher levels of hydrated silicates. However, when indirectly measuring the pozzolanicity of treated particles through the compressive strength of mortars, no significant differences were observed in the strengths of mortars made with treated and untreated particles.
Shear behavior of hollow clay brick masonry wallet coated with short jute fiber reinforced mortar
Authors: Farias L.N. , Lima P.R.L. , Toledo Filho R.D.
Published: May 2024

The objective of this study is to present a new method of reinforcing masonry using layers of mortar reinforced with short jute fibers. Mortars were produced with 0%, 2% and 3% jute fibers with cementitious matrices free of calcium hydroxide. The effectiveness of the reinforced mortar was evaluated through diagonal compression tests of hollow ceramic brick masonry prisms. The prisms were coated on both sides. The experimental results demonstrated that the diagonal resistance of the fiber system increased by 28 to 30% and presented greater resistance to elastic deformation during load application, with deformation coefficients 2 and 3 times greater for 2% and 3% of fibers, respectively. Therefore, jute fibers prove to be a sustainable and efficient alternative for masonry reinforcement applications, with maximum applied loads considerably higher than the unreinforced system, in addition to better crack control.
Quand le pluralisme de l’information des réseaux numériques devient toxique : les tactiques de sous-exposition médiatique et de repli relationnel
Authors: Figeac Julien , Beliard Anne Sophie , Bideau Laëtita , Rives Liza
Published: May 2024

Pour comprendre les incertitudes soulevées par la crise du Covid-19, les personnes ont diversifié leurs pratiques d’information en consultant des nouvelles alternatives diffusées dans les réseaux numériques, par exemple par des « journalistes citoyens ». Cet article cherche alors à comprendre dans quelle mesure ce contexte a pu alimenter le sentiment d’être exposé à une masse d’informations peu fiables et anxiogènes. Sur la base d’une enquête par questionnaire (n = 2 541) et d’entretiens (n = 30), nous présentons les trois principales tactiques mises en place par les participants pour contrer les effets négatifs de cette surinformation. Beaucoup ont décidé de recentrer leurs pratiques autour de certains contenus jugés moins stressants, comme les informations régionales. D’autres se sont détournés de certains médias, notamment des chaînes d’information en continue, pour investir des médias perçus comme moins anxiogènes et plus fiables, comme les stations de Radio ou la presse écrite. D’autres enfin ont pris de la distance avec ceux qui ont pu partager des informations dérangeantes dans les réseaux numériques. Cet article illustre ainsi les dérives de la surexposition à des sources diversifiées et à des idées contraires. Il démontre ce que les personnes perçoivent comme les bienfaits, en temps de crise, de l’alignement sur la ligne éditoriale des médias traditionnels et du repli dans l’entre soi des discussions avec des personnes ayant des positions idéologiques convergentes.
La difficile application des lois sur la sûreté publique sous le Directoire
Authors: Le Quang Jeanne-Laure
Published: May 2024

Dans un contexte de menaces persistantes, assurer la sûreté publique représente un enjeu majeur pour les autorités sous le Directoire. En témoignent les nombreuses lois de sûreté publique votées, dont il faut pourtant questionner l’application dans les espaces ruraux. L’article prend pour terrain d’études deux départements bourguignons, la Saône-et-Loire et l’Yonne. L’application de la loi constitue un défi complexe dans ces territoires qui sont traversés par des tensions constantes, mais dotés de peu de moyens humains pour assurer la sûreté publique. Alors que certaines communes prennent des initiatives zélées, mais outrepassant la lettre de la loi, d’autres sont dépassées par l’application d’une loi inadaptée aux réalités locales. Le poids des circonstances doit enfin être interrogé : suite au coup d’État de fructidor an V, alors que les exigences de contrôle sont renforcées, les difficultés des autorités locales à appliquer la loi perdurent et les tensions restent vives.
Quand les ouvriers « font la loi » : l’impression du Bulletin des lois à l’imprimerie de la République
Authors: Milleron-Besenval Juliette
Published: May 2024

Le processus et les modalités de l’impression de la Loi sous le Directoire dans les ateliers de l’imprimerie de la République donnent à voir les fragilités du moment directorial. En instaurant un établissement unique et central, seul responsable de l’impression du Bulletin des lois, le pouvoir politique s’est assuré de garder un contrôle sur la production quotidienne du texte législatif, l’imprimerie de la République devenant ainsi l’instance de légitimation de l’authenticité du texte législatif. Or, ce modèle s’accompagne d’un certain nombre de contraintes. La production des textes de loi, diffusés rapidement sur l’ensemble du territoire, transforme l’organisation du travail au sein des ateliers et nécessite la participation d’une main-d’œuvre qualifiée et suffisamment rémunérée pour rester à son poste. Dans un contexte de crises économiques, le financement de l’établissement est menacé et met en péril le versement des salaires : la fabrication de la loi dépend ainsi des ouvriers qui la fabriquent.
Les conséquences des élections et du principe de majorité sur les pratiques de travail au sein des assemblées directoriales – 1797-1798
Authors: Antunes Séverine
Published: May 2024

Sous le Directoire, les conséquences des élections annuelles sont multiples au sein du pouvoir législatif, alors divisé en deux assemblées, dénommées Conseil des Cinq-Cents et Conseil des Anciens. Dépassant les préceptes visant à faire de l’élu le dépositaire d’une volonté souveraine, le principe de représentation conduit sur cette période à une entreprise politique nouvelle. Au sein des Conseils, cela se traduit par l’élection mensuelle du bureau de chaque assemblée qui reflète la majorité issue des élections législatives et, de manière corrélative, par la mise en place d’un programme politique. Un jeu parlementaire secoué par les différentes majorités et oppositions se développe, caractérisé par la prédominance institutionnelle des commissions. Celles-ci constituent des organes clés à différents égards. Ainsi, sur le plan politique, elles sont le porte-parole des assemblées face au Directoire exécutif lors des crises du régime, comme on peut le constater avec le rôle des inspecteurs de la salle au moment du 18 fructidor an V. Mais les commissions sont également des acteurs clés incontournables de la construction de la loi. Ainsi, la pérennité d’une partie d’entre elles s’explique par la spécialisation de leurs membres, induisant la naissance d’une technocratie à l’œuvre qui rend impossible les réformes du mode de fonctionnement interne des assemblées.
Un Landgraben et deux landgraviats : l’Alsace en elle-même
Authors: Jordan Benoît
Published: May 2024

Le Landgraben trace une ligne fictive, une frontière intérieure, entre la Haute-Alsace et la Basse-Alsace. Cette ligne de séparation correspond certes à une réalité historique, mais dont le tracé et la conception ont varié dans le temps. La même racine Land renvoie aux termes de landgraviat, de Landvogt, de Landweibel… Ces désignations font l’objet d’interrogations et d’exposés qui les présentent comme des éléments intrinsèques à l’histoire de l’Alsace, renvoyant à toute la région ou seulement à une partie de son territoire. Y aurait-il, dans la réalité historique autant que dans l’imaginaire collectif d’érudits, deux Alsaces, celle du Nord et celle du Sud, un patriotisme de la petite patrie régionale et un autre de la patrie locale ?
Le désordre comme voie pour sortir des contraintes de l’analyse structurale et de la linéarité descriptive du récit historique alsacien
Authors: Bruant Benoît
Published: May 2024

Le marché de l’art en Alsace en 1900 et le début du processus de patrimonialisation du camp de concentration de Natzweiler-Struthof en 1949-1954 sont deux cas d’étude qui permettent de replacer sujet et événement au cœur du raisonnement.Les nombreux groupes d’acteurs qui apparaissent à la lecture de sources renouvelées ; administrations étatiques, témoins, artistes, ou organisations sociales, permettent de dégager les affiliations auxquelles ils se rattachent ou s’opposent, leurs interactions.L’analyse des intentions ou velléités projectives permet de dépasser le cadre trop simpliste des polarités nationales ou celui de la modernité artistique résumée par la marche des « avant-gardes ». Elle permet d’accéder à des échanges en prises avec les débats du monde et de leur temps. Ceux d’acteurs aux aspirations contradictoires, parfois tentés par le renoncement et dont on a souvent simplifié les tiraillements par le binôme exclusif universel / particulier. La complexité permet de replacer ce particulier au cœur de l’universel.
New wine merchants and gentrification: spatialization of discourses and local commercial landscapes
Authors: Delamarre Arnaud , Dupont Louis
Published: May 2024

The status, image and role of the wine professional have evolved simultaneously in France with the metamorphosis of the wine trade and wine consumption. In the French society of the 1960s and 1970s, wine conveys a positive image that is mainly rooted in the rather traditional and earthy French identity. Building on this cultural trait, supermarkets emerge by relying on generous wine shelves (several hundred references), special events (wine fair — foire aux vins), and low prices, to attract a broad and diversified clientele. However, geographically speaking, this deployment of mass distribution is not uniform, it tends to be concentrated mainly on the outskirts of towns, somewhat sparing the city centres. This spatial pattern helps specialized wine stores to maintain themselves by deploying its stores in those centres. Since the early 2000s, New wine merchants and shops have appeared in the major metropolitan centres. This article aims at showing that these new shops assert their specificity through the very figure, although renewed, of the wine merchants. We will see how their personalities, but also their life courses, have been put into use in a process of commercial singularization in the urban space. In this way, they lay the foundations for a distinctive wine discourse in phase with a specific urban setting and commercial landscape, born out of the dynamics generated by the commercial gentrification.
Onzichtbaar voor de overheid: eerste schatting van het aantal “administratieve verdwijningen” in het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest
Authors: Moriau Jacques , Malherbe Alain , Sanderson Jean-Paul , Pierre Adèle , Leclercq Alexandre
Published: May 2024

En Belgique, la domiciliation donne accès aux droits fondamentaux par l’inscription des personnes au Registre National. Le Registre National centralise toutes les données qui sont recueillies par les communes. L’invisibilisation administrative a donc des conséquences directes sur la jouissance des droits sociaux. Elle a trois origines distinctes : l’absence d’inscription, la radiation, la suppression de personnes du Registre National. Au départ de l’analyse des données du Registre National, cet article s’intéresse aux phénomènes d’« invisibilisation administrative », c’est-à-dire à la disparition ou la radiation, volontaire ou involontaire, des registres administratifs. Une analyse anthropologique des pratiques administratives concernant la domiciliation des personnes introduit l’article qui est poursuivi par une quantification et une spatialisation du phénomène d'invisibilisation administrative et enfin une enquête sociologique auprès des personnes victimes d’invisibilisation administrative éclaire leurs parcours d’exclusion.
Os músicos angolanos e a música de protesto em Portugal: reflexões para descentrar a história dos cantores de Abril
Authors: Gomes Pedro David
Published: May 2024

A música angolana enquanto repertório de resistência ao sistema colonial beneficiou da trajetória europeia de alguns dos seus intérpretes. Neste artigo questiona-se a não inclusão destes artistas como cantores de Abril, o seu não reconhecimento na memória historiográfica do período que permeia a Revolução dos Cravos. Exploram-se possíveis explicações para isso, cotejando as memórias e o passado dos músicos com o tratamento conferido às figuras mais influentes das culturas portuguesa e angolana nos dicionários sobre o Estado Novo e o 25 de Abril. Identificam-se, além das causas possíveis para estas ausências, o pensamento eurocêntrico que subjaz a algumas das presenças, e contra-argumenta-se no sentido da razoabilidade da sua inclusão dentro das categorias associadas à música de protesto.
O 25 de Abril de 1974 e a PIDE/DGS
Authors: Pimentel Irene Flunser
Published: May 2024

Porque possibilitou a Polícia Internacional e de Defesa do Estado/Direcção-Geral de Segurança (PIDE/DGS) a eclosão do golpe militar, em 25 de Abril de 1974? Quais foram os motivos para que a sede dessa polícia política não tivesse sido um dos primeiros alvos do Movimento das Forças Armadas nessa data que marcou o fim do regime ditatorial português? Este texto propõe-se responder a estas perguntas, abordando esse episódio menos conhecido da tomada da sede da polícia política nessa data libertadora, revelador de que, como sempre acontece num acontecimento de ruptura, terá havido diversos objectivos no golpe militar de 25 de Abril. E, no entanto, a tomada da sede da PIDE/DGS, só na manhã de 26 de Abril de 1974, marcaria o início de um processo revolucionário em Portugal.
“A história do meu país”: reflexões sobre a memória social e os futuros do passado nas narrativas de jovens portugueses
Authors: Lins Luiza , Brasil Julia Alves , Cabecinhas Rosa
Published: May 2024

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre as tensões e ambiguidades presentes na (re)construção da memória social e nas diferentes visões da história, em torno das quais se constroem futuros para o passado português. Em particular, analisámos as narrativas de 145 estudantes do ensino secundário em Portugal sobre a história do país. O 25 de Abril foi o principal marco histórico mencionado com referências ao fim do regime ditatorial, à luta pela liberdade e pela igualdade de oportunidades. Porém, não foram mencionadas as lutas pela libertação nacional dos povos outrora colonizados. Emergiram também reafirmações do passado glorioso e expansionista dos “Descobrimentos”, mitos historiográficos e invariantes culturais sobre o que significa “ser português”. Com isso, discute-se a importância de uma educação crítica e da descolonização da história, para que futuros alternativos possam emergir dissociados de valores de dominação.
Technology of Sensors
Authors: Gupta Surendra Prakash , Bhardwaj Ankur
Published: May 2024

The technology of sensors is continuously evolving to meet the demands of various fields such as safety, pollution, medical engineering, and more. Sensors play a significant role in improving human working styles and routine tasks by converting real-world actions into electrical signals. They can be used to measure a wide range of environmental parameters, including air quality, water quality, soil quality, noise levels, and weather conditions. Sensors can be used to monitor environmental conditions in real time, or they can be used to collect data over time to identify trends and patterns. Sensor data can also be used to create models of environmental systems, which can be used to predict future conditions and assess the impact of human activities. This chapter is focused on the recent development in sensor technology that has the potential to revolutionize environmental monitoring, identification, and assessment. By providing real-time data on environmental conditions, sensors can help us to better understand our environment and make informed decisions about how to protect it.
Air Sensors and Their Capabilities
Authors: Sathvara Prashantkumar Bharatbhai , Jayaraman Anuradha , Tripathi Sandeep , Ramakrishnan Sanjeevi
Published: May 2024

In this comprehensive chapter on air quality, the paramount significance and intricate challenges associated with this critical environmental and public health concern are explored. Focusing on the mission to improve air quality, the chapter underscores the profound impact of poor air quality on human health, particularly in densely populated urban areas. Emphasis is placed on safeguarding ecosystems and biodiversity through the reduction of air pollution, acknowledging its widespread ecological implications. The chapter delves into international and national regulations and initiatives, such as the Clean Air Act and the Paris Agreement, representing concerted global efforts to combat air pollution and address climate change. A detailed examination of concerns related to various air pollutants, including Particulate Matter, gases like NO2 and SO2, and airborne toxic substances, sheds light on the health risks and environmental consequences.
Pioneering Sensing Solutions for In-Situ Monitoring of Volatile Organic Compounds in Soil and Groundwater Using Chemiresistor Sensor Technology
Authors: Palanisamy Periasamy , M. Maheswaran
Published: May 2024

The monitoring and classification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in soil and groundwater is a critical task in guaranteeing environmental protection and remediation of contaminated sites. Traditional methods of sample collection and off-site analysis could be expensive, laborious, and may not accurately represent in-situ conditions. To address these encounters, state-of-the-art sensing solutions using chemiresistor sensor technology have been developed for instantaneous, uninterrupted, and long-term monitoring of VOCs in the subsurface. The chemiresistor comprises of a chemically-sensitive polymer dissolved in a solvent and mixed with conductive carbon particles. The resultant ink is deposited onto thin-film platinum traces on a solid substrate. When VOCs come into interaction with the polymers, they are absorbed, initiating the polymers to swell and change the resistance of the electrode. This variation in resistance can be measured and recorded, providing information about the concentration of the VOCs.
Optical and Electrochemical Chemosensors for Identification of Carbon Dioxide Gas
Authors: Kaur Kirandeep , Singh Sudhanshu Pratap , Gill Navdeep Singh
Published: May 2024

Intelligent sensing and vigilant monitoring of CO2 gas is immensely significant, as the concentration of CO2 gas in atmosphere is increasing day by day due to anthropogenic activities which enhances the natural greenhouse effect and makes the earth warmer. Besides global warming, CO2 is also a toxicant in enclosed environments causing asphyxiation by hypoxia, unconsciousness almost instantaneously, and respiratory arrest within one minute. Another area where sensing of CO2 is imperative are agriculture and food industry. For these conditions, sensors should be capable of working under extreme temperatures, pressure, and interference due to the inherent complex materials and microorganisms. This chapter focuses on the information regarding the different types of CO2 sensors available with special emphasis on electrochemical sensors and optical chemical sensors, which showed fluorescent and spectrophotometric variation on detection of CO2, a detailed analysis of their detection process and sensing mechanism.
Water Pollutants, Sensor Types, and Their Advantages and Challenges
Authors: Ramakrishnan Sanjeevi , Sathvara Prashantkumar , Tripathi Sandeep , Jayaraman Anuradha
Published: May 2024

Water pollution is a global crisis impacting ecosystems, health, and economies. This chapter explores strategies to combat it, stressing advanced water quality sensors' vital role. It scrutinizes pollutants, emphasizing modern sensor tech's importance in ensuring water safety. Tackling pollution is crucial for biodiversity, human health, and clean water access. Pollutants include heavy metals, chemicals, pathogens, and sediments, requiring precise monitoring by sensors using various technologies. They offer real-time detection and response, covering chemical, biological, physical, remote sensing, and IoT-enabled sensors. Challenges like maintenance persist, requiring protocols and training. Collaboration and sensor tech are pivotal in ensuring cleaner water. This chapter highlights technology's role in managing water quality, emphasizing innovation for safeguarding this vital resource.
Sensors in the Marine Environments and Pollutant Identifications and Controversies
Authors: Harod Minakshi
Published: May 2024

The quality of marine environments is influenced by a range of anthropogenic and natural hazards, which may adversely affect human health, living resources, and the general ecosystem. The most common anthropogenic wastes found in marine environments are dredged spoils, sewage, and industrial and municipal discharges. These wastes generally contain a wide range of pollutants, notably heavy metals, petroleum hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and others. Real-time measurements of pollutants, toxins, and pathogens across a range of spatial scales are required to adequately monitor these hazards, manage the consequences, and to understand the processes governing their magnitude and distribution. Significant technological advancements have been made in recent years for the detection and analysis of such marine hazards. This chapter aims to review the availability and application of sensor technology for the detection of marine hazards and for observing marine ecosystem status.
Identification of Different Pollutants in Lotic and Lentic Ecosystems by Biosensors
Authors: Wani Afaq Majid , Barman Pritam Kumar , Nath Satyendra
Published: May 2024

Environmental pollution is becoming a major global concern, especially about new pollutants, poisonous heavy metals, and other dangerous agents. Pollutants have a profound impact on ecosystems and present serious threats to the health of both the natural world and human communities. Water is one of the most important resources on the planet, since it is required for all species' survival and well-being. Surface water in an aquatic system is referred to as an inland water environment and is divided into lentic and lotic systems. In contrast to lotic water ecosystems, which share continuous habitats through the connection of many basins in unidirectional flow within the dendritic structure of river networks, lentic water ecosystems display discontinuous habitats as aquatic matrices inside the terrestrial system. The lentic water ecology is more similar to terrestrial waters than the lentic water ecosystem, which differs greatly. Aquatic ecosystems are diverse and, despite making up just a little of the planet's surface, are essential for several reasons.
Limnology and the Science of Biosensors
Authors: Wala Hemendra
Published: May 2024

Increasing concern about levels of pollution in the aquatic environment has led to the adoption of a number of preventive measures to assist in maintaining the quality of water bodies. The development of new user-friendly, portable, and low-cost bioanalytical methods is the focus of research, and biosensors are in the forefront of these research works. Biosensors have various prospective and existing applications in the detection of contaminants in the aquatic environment by transducing a signal. Biosensors are able to detect a wide range of analytes in complex matrices and have proven a great potential in environment monitoring, clinical diagnostics and food analysis Hence, the aim of this work is to provide a description of the state of the art about the development and application of biosensors to detect contaminants in freshwater ecosystems.
Sensors for Waste Management
Authors: Bhardwaj Ankur , Gupta Surendra Prakash
Published: May 2024

The globe is becoming more and more urbanised and industrialised, making waste management an urgent worldwide challenge. Traditional waste management methods have proven to be insufficient in addressing the challenges posed by increasing waste volumes, environmental concerns, and resource scarcity. One potential answer to these problems is the use of sensor technologies in waste management (WM) systems. It explores the various types of sensors used in waste management applications, ranging from simple bin-level sensors to advanced technologies such as remote sensing and IoT-based systems. The chapter also discusses the key advantages of sensor-driven waste management, including improved efficiency, cost reduction, and enhanced environmental sustainability. As WM continues to evolve in response to the demands of the 21st century, this chapter underscores the pivotal role that sensor technologies play in revolutionizing the industry, a glimpse into a more sustainable and efficient future for WM practices worldwide.
Catharanthus roseus L. and Ocimum sanctum L. as Sensors for Air Pollution
Authors: Mir Ab Qayoom , Manzoor Javid
Published: May 2024

The expansion of urban areas, the acceleration of traffic, the acceleration of economic growth, and the excessive use of energy are all characteristics of industrialized nations that have contributed to the worsening of air pollution. The integrity of the natural world is compromised by all these elements, which have a domino effect on one another and work together to harm it. A major ecological problem is the regional effects of air pollution on various plant species. Unlike animal populations, plant populations are constantly (24/7) and directly exposed to the danger of pollution. Biochemical, physiological, morphological, and anatomical reactions are among the many ways in which these organisms take in, store, and process contaminants that land on their surfaces. This research aims to find out how two possible therapeutic plant species Catharanthus roseus L. and Ocimum sanctum L. react to different levels of air pollution (vehicular pollution) in terms of their morphology, physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacognosy.
Autonomous System and AI
Authors: Preethiya T. , Subbiah Priyanga , Pandiarajan T. , Subramanian Karthikeyan , Chelladurai Prince , Selvalakshmi C.
Published: May 2024

Autonomous systems and AI have revolutionized industry automation and innovation. This abstract shows how this synergy changes our lives and work. AI has rapidly advanced autonomous systems like self-driving cars, drones, and robots. These systems can sense, make smart decisions, and adapt to changing environments with AI. They can navigate complex settings and interact with humans thanks to this superior sense Autonomous systems can make real-time judgments using AI methods like machine learning and deep learning. AI-driven decision-making assures adaptability and efficiency, whether a self-driving car chooses the safest route, or a drone optimizes its flying path. AI-assisted autonomous systems prioritize safety and reliability. These systems can detect anomalies and respond proactively to prevent accidents and failures through self-monitoring and diagnostics.
Using Deep Learning and Swarm Intelligence to Achieve Personalized English-Speaking Education
Authors: Liu Yang
Published: May 2024

This paper presents a pioneering approach to personalized English oral education through the integration of deep learning and swarm intelligence algorithms. Leveraging deep learning techniques, our system offers precise evaluation of various aspects of spoken language, including pronunciation, fluency, and grammatical accuracy. Furthermore, we combine swarm intelligence algorithms to optimize model parameters to achieve optimal performance. We compare the proposed optimization algorithm based on swarm intelligence and its corresponding original algorithm for training comparison to test the effect of the proposed optimizer. Experimental results show that in most cases, the accuracy of the test set using the optimization algorithm based on the swarm intelligence algorithm is better than the corresponding original version, and the training results are more stable. Our experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach in enhancing personalized English oral education, paving the way for transformative advancements in language learning technologies.
Neighboring-Aware Hierarchical Clustering
Authors: Amer Ali A. , Al-Razgan Muna , Abdalla Hassan I. , Al-Asaly Mahfoudh , Alfakih Taha , Al-Hammadi Muneer
Published: May 2024

In this work, a simple yet robust neighboring-aware hierarchical-based clustering approach (NHC) is developed. NHC employs its dynamic technique to take into account the surroundings of each point when clustering, making it extremely competitive. NHC offers a straightforward design and reliable clustering. It comprises two key techniques, namely, neighboring- aware and filtering and merging. While the proposed neighboring-aware technique helps find the most coherent clusters, filtering and merging help reach the desired number of clusters during the clustering process. The NHC's performance, which includes all evaluation metrics and run time, has been thoroughly tested against nine clustering rivals using four similarity measures on several real-world numerical and textual datasets. The evaluation is done in two phases. First, we compare NHC to three common clustering methods and show its efficacy through empirical analysis. Second, a comparison with six relevant, contemporary competitors highlights NHC's extremely competitive performance.
The Impact of Corporate Culture on Education and Training Environment Success
Authors: Issaoui Fakhri , Mashari Abdulrahim Zaher , Jamee Akram
Published: May 2024

This article tries to counter this gap and to treat the relation which is established between the organizational performance and the corporate culture in the case of the universities of Saudi Arabia through a quantitative survey analysis. The results show that corporate culture is essential within Saudi universities as it can lead to better employee performance in terms of productivity and efficiency. Moral motivation is important in motivating workers and developing their affiliation with a prestigious university or academic institution, which is reflected in the willingness of workers to do their best to serve the university. The results also showed that there is a general desire expressed by employees for their universities to excel and stand out from the rest.