bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las herramientas de consulta en la enseñanza-aprendizaje del inglés: ¿diccionarios monolingües de aprendizaje o diccionarios generales bilingües?
Authors: Ortego Antón M.ª Teresa
Published: July 2019

El inglés se ha convertido en la lengua vehicular del saber especializado y su aprendizaje es una tarea imprescindible para desenvolverse en la sociedad actual. Además, el léxico especializado ha pasado de pertenecer a un grupo restringido de expertos a formar parte del acervo lingüístico de un hablante con un nivel cultural medio. En este contexto, una de las herramientas a la que acuden los aprendices de esta lengua para solventar los obstáculos que surgen durante el trasvase interlingüístico se corresponde con los diccionarios electrónicos, tanto generales bilingües como monolingües de aprendizaje. Por nuestra experiencia como docentes de lenguas, consideramos que las obras mencionadas ofrecen una cobertura parcial y desigual del léxico especializado, razón por la que estimamos pertinente realizar un estudio del tratamiento conferido a este léxico en los diccionarios generales bilingües y en los diccionarios de aprendizaje. Con un análisis de una muestra de léxico especializado del campo de la informática e Internet, pretendemos obtener un diagnóstico lo más ajustado posible de la realidad, de manera que podamos valorar como docentes de lenguas extranjeras la eficacia o no de dichas obras a la hora de responder a las necesidades de nuestros estudiantes. En última instancia, redundará en pautas fidedignas a la hora de implementar el diseño y uso de estas obras.
Condicionantes del alumno en el aprendizaje de la competencia gramatical
Authors: Ruiz Martínez Ana María
Published: July 2019

Dado el protagonismo que la enseñanza actual de lenguas extranjeras otorga al alumno como agente social y aprendiente autónomo, que al estudiar una nueva lengua pone en práctica los conocimientos, las habilidades y las estrategias que ya ha desarrollado en el aprendizaje de otras lenguas, nos proponemos con este trabajo revisar la presencia y el alcance que tienen algunos condicionantes del alumno de ELE en el proceso de aprendizaje de la competencia gramatical. Para llevar a cabo nuestra investigación, en primer lugar, vamos a ocuparnos del perfil que tiene el alumno en el Marco común europeo de referencia y en el Plan curricular del Instituto Cervantes. Para ello, abordaremos la importancia de la aparición del enfoque curricular y de la creación de la noción de análisis de necesidades para poder comprender el significado de la enseñanza centrada en el alumno. A continuación, nos ocuparemos del perfil del aprendiente-usuario que exige el enfoque orientado a la acción que promueve el Consejo de Europa. En segundo lugar, presentaremos las principales orientaciones que desde el Marco se han propuesto a la hora iniciar y desarrollar el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la gramática. Una vez establecido cuál es el perfil del usuario del Marco y cómo se ha enfocado desde este documento la didáctica de la gramática en ELE, estaremos en disposición de conocer cuáles son los factores que condicionan al estudiante en el proceso de aprendizaje de la competencia gramatical.
Metodología para la organización de los cursos de inglés con fines específicos basada en el problema
Authors: Castro Álvarez Pedro , González Pérez Graciela , Casar Espino Liliana A.
Published: July 2019

El presente trabajo desarrolla una metodología para la organización de los cursos de inglés con fines específicos basada en el problema como una alternativa a la organización tradicional de la unidad de estudio en torno a un texto escrito. La investigación se realizó en la Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas de La Habana, Cuba. La metodología propuesta, basada en cinco fases, concede especial importancia al empleo del problema como catalizador de las interacciones y la gestión de información. Al concebir una fase de monitoreo y ayuda, propicia la colaboración entre iguales, en congruencia con el Enfoque Históricocultural de Vigotsky y el Enfoque Comunicativo a la Ense.anza de Idiomas, para de este modo hacer del aprendizaje un proceso significativo.
Las emociones en el aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera: su impacto en la motivación
Authors: Méndez López Mariza
Published: July 2019

Este artículo presenta una revisión de investigaciones afectivas para identificar el rango de emociones experimentadas por estudiantes de una lengua extranjera en diferentes contextos, las situaciones que han originado esas emociones y como éstas han afectado su motivación. En la presente revisión, la influencia dominante de las emociones en la motivación de estudiantes de una lengua extranjera es demostrada. Las causas que influyen más en las experiencias emocionales reportadas en los diferentes estudios analizados son: profesores, compañeros, habilidad oral, enfoque de retroalimentación y el ambiente de aprendizaje. Esta revisión intenta crear conciencia sobre el papel determinante de las emociones en la motivación en el aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera, enfatiza las implicaciones de la investigación en emociones para profesores de lenguas extranjeras y sugiere direcciones para investigaciones futuras.
Prácticas virtuales en Second Life: telecolaboración entre profesores nativos en formación y estudiantes de ELE
Authors: Robles Ávila Sara , Díaz Bravo Rocío
Published: July 2019

Este artículo presenta una experiencia docente en la que se ha usado el mundo virtual Second Life (SL) para implementar las habilidades comunicativas orales de alumnos extranjeros aprendientes de español en un contexto de no inmersión. Con la ayuda de estudiantes españoles de posgrado, profesores en formación en el ámbito del español como lengua extranjera (ELE), y con la participación de un grupo de profesionales de las dos instituciones implicadas (London School of Economics and Political Science y Universidad de Málaga), se ha llevado a cabo un proyecto de innovación educativa que ha arrojado muchas luces (la flexibilidad y la adaptabilidad al tiempo y al espacio, el acceso gratuito a la aplicación, el feedback individualizado, su utilidad para estudiantes de perfil introvertido, el ambiente relajado y de inmersión, y su carácter motivador y lúdico) y algunas sombras (la complejidad de la plataforma y las dificultades técnicas). Los profesores en el mundo virtual, alumnos en prácticas, han conseguido desarrollar las competencias profesionales y docentes como una forma de acercamiento al mundo laboral a través de las prácticas tutorizadas en SL. Los alumnos de ELE han mejorado las competencias orales mediante prácticas virtuales, que han sido complementarias a sus clases presenciales en Londres. Gracias a este recurso se ha podido cumplir con éxito el objetivo marcado y se ha demostrado la validez de la herramienta como espacio de interacción entre docente y discente en un contexto de no inmersión.
La importancia de seleccionar instrumentos apropiados para medir el tamaño de vocabulario receptivo
Authors: Castellano-Risco Irene
Published: July 2019

En las últimas décadas, el vocabulario se ha erigido como parte esencial en el desarrollo de una lengua para un correcto desarrollo de la misma (Boers & Lindstromberg, 2008; Milton, 2009; Schmitt, 2008; Nation, 2010). Debido a esta importancia, la investigación en la adquisición de vocabulario ha desarrollado una serie de instrumentos que pueden ser utilizados para medir el tamaño de vocabulario receptivo (Nation & Beglar, 2007; Meara, 1992; Schmitt, Schmitt & Clapham, 2001). Este estudio analiza diversas herramientas con el objetivo de observar si hay diferencias en las mediciones de vocabulario, y si las hubiera, para seleccionar cuál de ellas sería más adecuada para utilizar con alumnos de Educación Secundaria. Específicamente, dos tests, el Checklist (Meara, 1992) y el Vocabulary Levels Tests (VLT) (Schmitt, Schmitt & Clapham, 2001) fueron usados en este estudio. Se les administraron el primer nivel de ambos cuestionarios a un total de 138 alumnos cursando tercero de Educación Secundaria. Los resultados se obtuvieron haciendo uso de diferentes fórmulas: en el caso del VLT, se utilizó la fórmula propuesta por Schmitt, Schmitt y Clapham (2001). En el caso del checklist, se siguieron dos fórmulas diferentes: una propuesta por Meara y Buxton (1987) y otra desarrollada por Meara (2010). Finalmente, los resultados surgidos de la implementación de las diferentes fórmulas fueron comparados entre ellos y con otros estudios. En base a los resultados obtenidos se puede afirmar que la selección del instrument de medida tiene un impacto directo en los resultados obtenidos.
Comprender la traducción de formas de tratamiento en segunda persona en un contexto específico
Authors: Mansor Nor Shahila
Published: July 2019

El malayo y el inglés ofrecen un contraste interesante con respecto al sistema de tratamientos no vocativos. El inglés no realiza una distinción entre los pronombres formales e informales y evita el tratamiento directo. Por el contrario, los tratamientos de la segunda persona en malayo resultan más complicados e involucran formas tanto pronominales como nominales. Como resultado, las fórmulas de tratamiento en malayo pueden resultar confusas para los hablantes no nativos de esa lengua, ya que existen múltiples equivalentes potenciales para el you del inglés, pero también porque las formas de tratamiento en el malayo oral suelen ser elipse. Este estudio examina la traducción del inglés you en los subtítulos en malayo del primer episodio de la primera temporada de la famosa serie médica dramática de Estados Unidos titulada Anatomía de Grey. Los resultados muestran que el tratamiento de la segunda persona expresada a través de you en inglés aparecen de diferentes formas en el subtítulo malayo como, por ejemplo, el pronombre de la segunda persona, título social (T), título social con nombre (TN), término de parentesco (KT) y otras expresiones. En el primer episodio, se han registrado 130 interacciones, y el 95% (209 instancias) de las formas de tratamiento son dominadas por el pronombre explícito de segunda persona, mientras que el resto se encuentra dentro de otras posibilidades (por ejemplo, sustitución y eliminación). Este hallazgo tiene implicaciones en la comprensión efectiva de la traducción del inglés al malayo en el uso de los tratamientos dentro de este contexto específico.
Improving the accuracy and time of calculating steady-state modes of increased frequency electrical systems
Authors: Tankoy A. , Shadrikov T.E. , Gusenkov A.V. , Lebedev V.D. , Sokolov A.M.
Published: July 2019

The authors of modern Russian and foreign works suggest using the method of frequency analysis with Fourier transforms for modeling alternating current systems with a non-sinusoidal supply voltage. By applying the above-mentioned method to calculating steady-state modes of increased frequency power electrical systems (IFPES), we have found that there are significant differences between the calculated and experimental results, and the model calculation time is long. These problems can be solved by obtaining generalized formula expressions for the internal resistance value of IGBT transistors and the amplitudes of the acting EMF (voltage) in the IFPES applying Fourier decomposition. The generalized expressions for determining the internal resistance of IGBT transistors were obtained by analyzing physical processes of charge diffusion. The amplitude of the acting EMF (voltage) was determined by numerical integration. Simplified analytical expressions suitable for determining the frequency dependence of the resistance of IGBT transistors in the open state in electrical devices have been obtained. The IFPES calculation rate model has been optimized by frequency analysis. The obtained generalized analytical expressions allow making more accurate calculations of the transistor internal resistance value (with a difference of 70 % compared to the previously used value). By optimizing the calculation method we were able to reduce the model calculation from 8 hours to 3 minutes with Nk = 3000 harmonics. The modernized method can be used not only for calculating the IFPES but also for analyzing any electrical circuits with power electronics components exposed to non-periodic and non-sinusoidal currents and voltages.
Conductive collagen/polypyrrole-b-polycaprolactone hydrogel for bioprinting of neural tissue constructs
Authors: Vijayavenkataraman Sanjairaj , Vialli Novelia , Y. H. Fuh Jerry , Lu Wen Feng
Published: July 2019

Bioprinting is increasingly being used for fabrication of engineered tissues for regenerative medicine, drug testing, and other biomedical applications. The success of this technology lies with the development of suitable bioinks and hydrogels that are specific to the intended tissue application. For applications such as neural tissue engineering, conductivity plays an important role in determining the neural differentiation and neural tissue regeneration. Although several conductive hydrogels based on metal nanoparticles (NPs) such as gold and silver, carbon-based materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes and conducting polymers such as polypyrrole (PPy) and polyaniline were used, they possess several disadvantages. The long-term cytotoxicity of metal nanoparticles (NPs) and carbon-based materials restricts their use in regenerative medicine. The conductive polymers, on the other hand, are non-biodegradable and possess weak mechanical properties limiting their printability into three-dimensional constructs. The aim of this study is to develop a biodegradable, conductive, and printable hydrogel based on collagen and a block copolymer of PPy and polycaprolactone (PCL) (PPy-block-poly(caprolactone) [PPyb-PCL]) for bioprinting of neural tissue constructs. The printability, including the influence of the printing speed and material flow rate on the printed fiber width; rheological properties; and cytotoxicity of these hydrogels were studied. The results prove that the collagen/PPy-b-PCL hydrogels possessed better printability and biocompatibility. Thus, the collagen/PPy-bPCL hydrogels reported this study has the potential to be used in the bioprinting of neural tissue constructs for the repair of damaged neural tissues and drug testing or precision medicine applications.
A case of Meleney’s abdominal gangrene in Madras Medical College
Authors: Rengan Vinayak , Duraisami Vinodh , Ravindra Chetna , Muralidharan Karthik
Published: July 2019

A 57 years old male who was a known case of type 2 diabetes presented with a swelling over the left lower abdomen and groin. The patient appeared toxic and local examination revealed discoloration of size 8x6 cm over the groin with a 1×0.5 cm sized ulcer over it accompanied by a seropurulent discharge. A clinical diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis was made and investigations revealed an elevated blood sugar, white count and creatinine with cultures showing a poly-microbial growth. Emergency debridement under IV sedation was done and subsequently patient underwent daily debridement and dressing in addition to antibiotics and adequate glycemic control. This condition is a surgical emergency and early diagnosis is crucial for improved prognosis. Aggressive surgical debridement is the first line treatment followed by specific antibiotic therapy.
Study of associationship between gall stone composition and bacteriological spectrum in chronic calculous cholecystitis
Authors: Singh Krishna K. , Singh Dhirendra P. , Chandra Abhijeet , Alam Mahboob , Agrawal Priyanka
Published: July 2019

Background: Chronic calculous cholecystitis is the benign disease affecting the gallbladder, frequently female population of middle age. This study was done with the objective of study the composition of gall stones, microbiological spectrum and their association in chronic calculous cholecystitis patients.Methods: This is a prospective study done on 131 cases of chronic calculous cholecystitis admitted in the department of General Surgery (DNB), K.K. Hospital, Lucknow for cholecystectomy during January 2018 to January 2019. 31 patients were excluded from the study based on exclusion criteria. USG of abdomen was done in all 100 cases. All patients underwent either open cholecystectomy (OC) or laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).During cholecystectomy bile was aspirated and was sent to laboratory for culture. Gallstone retrieved from the specimen and was classified based on morphology.Results: Out of 100 cases, 76 cases underwent LC and 24 cases were done with OC. Female dominance was seen in the study (69%). The predominant type of gall stone in present study was cholesterol (68%). The bile culture test was positive in 20% of cases. The most common isolated microorganism was E. coli (50%). No significant association was observed between composition/type of gall stone and isolated microorganisms in bile (p=0.126).Conclusions: The result concluded that chronic calculous cholecystitis was more common in females of middle age group. Bile culture was positive in 20% cases and E. coli was the common organism isolated. Identification of the type of organism is crucial for early management of the disease condition.
Comparison of modified vacuum dressing and wet normal saline dressing in treatment of non-healing diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Muneer Muhammed , Thomas Thomas K. , Babu Dayananda , Paul Deepak
Published: July 2019

Background: Diabetic foot a complication of diabetes can lead to significant morbidity and have financial burden. The standard of dressing diabetic foot ulcers has been saline dressings. Negative pressure vacuum devices have come and had a significant impact on treatment of diabetic ulcers. But in developing countries the cost associated with it makes it inaccessible to a large population. Our study aims to compare the use of modified vacuum dressing against saline dressing and compare healing rates, costs involved and hospital stay of patients.Methods: Our study was prospective study of 80 patients randomised into two groups, of 40 each. Group A consisted of patients with modified vacuum dressing and group B with wet saline dressing. Simple randomisation technique was used. They were compared for healing rates, hospital stay and cost involved.Results: There was a 43.75% decrease in area of the ulcer in group A compared to 25.15% in group B after 4 weeks. Decrease in wound depth was 55.41% and 26.94% in group A and B respectively. The mean hospital stay was 33.18 days in group A compared to 45.58 days in group B. The average cost incurred for patients in group A was rupees 14,381 compared to 19,465 rupees in group B.Conclusions: From our study we found that modified vacuum dressing in spite of being cheap it reduces healing time, hospital stay there by the cost incurred to patients. So we recommended modified vacuum dressings as a go to method of treating diabetic foot ulcers.
Prevalence of hypertension and selected factors associated to hypertension in a rural area of South Karnataka: a cross sectional study
Authors: S. Dharaneesh Prasad , K. H. Rajeev
Published: July 2019

Background: Hypertension is one of the major risk factors for CVDs and its complications which account for 9.4 million deaths worldwide every year. Hypertension itself responsible for about 45% and 51% deaths due to heart disease and stroke respectively. It is a major public health problem in India both in urban and rural areas and is increasing at an alarming rate in rural population now days. Because of lack of access to health care facilities at rural areas, the early screening and treatment of hypertension is not done regularly, so we conducted this study. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension in a rural community of South Karnataka.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted at rural field practice area of a private medical college in Bengaluru. Sample size was 380 and convenient sampling method used. Data was collected by visiting homes and blood pressure measured with mercury sphygmomanometer. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data.Results: Among 380 participants, 58.4% and 41.6% were males and females respectively. The overall prevalence of hypertension among them was 22.6%, newly diagnosed cases were 7.1% and the proportion of hypertension was more among the age group of 50-59 years (40.7%).Conclusions: Our study shows that hypertension has creeped into the rural areas also and creating a huge health problem for the community. Newly diagnosed cases are also high which shows that most of the people are not aware of their blood pressure and importance of regular monitoring of blood pressure. Since screening helps in early detection, so strengthening of health facilities and creation of awareness at rural levels will reduce the morbidity and mortality due to hypertension and its complications.
A retrospective study on clinical and demographic features of autoimmune vesiculobullous disorders from a rural tertiary care institute in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Ramalingam Rajalakshmi , Adaikalam Ganapathy Vikram Kumar , Chandrasekar Seethalakshmi Rajanga , Narasiman Balasubramanian , Gounder Deivam Subbaraya
Published: July 2019

Background: Autoimmune vesiculobullous disorders are a heterogenous group of skin diseases in which autoantibodies are directed against cell adhesion molecules which are essential for the integrity of skin and oral mucosa. They are clinically characterized by the presence of vesicles, bullae or erosions over the skin and/ or mucosa depending on the antibodies involved. They are divided into intraepidermal and subepidermal based on the location of the bulla. Among intraepidermal bullous disorders, pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is most common. Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most common among the subepidermal bullous disorders. Although they occur worldwide, the incidence shows geographical variation. A retrospective study was carried out with the objective to analyse the clinical and demographic profile of patients with autoimmune vesiculobullous disorders among patients attending a tertiary care teaching hospital in a rural setup.

Methods: A total of 137 case sheets were audited from the Medical Records Department of our institute. Details were collected and tabulated, compiled and analysed.

Results: Out of the 137 cases studied, intraepidermal autoimmune vesiculobullous disorders accounted for 63.4% of cases, and subepidermal autoimmune vesiculobullous disorders accounted for 36.6% of cases. Out of the 137 cases, 74 patients (54%) were females, and 63 patients (46%) were males. Majority of the patients were in the age group of 51-60 years (29.9%), followed by 41-50 years (24.1%) and 61-70 years (17.5%).

Conclusions: Pemphigus vulgaris was the most common among the intraepidermal autoimmune vesiculobullous disorders, and bullous pemphigoid was the most common among the subepidermal autoimmune vesiculobullous disorders.
Análise da remoção do hidróxido de cálcio de canais radiculares bovinos com diferentes técnicas através da microscopia eletrônica de varredura
Authors: Bastos Mateus Alves , Baldasso Flávia Emi Razera
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia da remoção de Ca (OH)2 do canal radicular, comparando o uso de limas manuais, Easy Clean e irrigação ultrassônica passiva (IUP). Método: Trinta dentes incisivos bovinos foram utilizados neste estudo. Os canais radiculares foram preparados e as amostras foram divididas aleatoriamente em 3 grupos de acordo com a técnica utilizada para a remoção do Ca(OH)2 (n = 10): G1: limas manuais; G2: lima Easy Clean; G3: IUP. Após quinze dias, os espécimes foram seccionados e processados para observação dos terços médio e apical utilizando microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Um avaliador cego e calibrado atribuiu escores a cada espécime. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos ao teste de Kruskal-Wallys, seguido do teste de Dunn. Resultados: Não houve diferença significativa na remoção do Ca(OH)2 entre a lima manual e a Easy Clean e entre Easy Clean e IUP. A técnica de IUP removeu significativamente mais Ca(OH)2 quando comparado com o grupo lima manual. Nenhuma das técnicas testadas removeu completamente o Ca(OH)2 das paredes do canal radicular. Conclusão: Independentemente da técnica utilizada, nenhum dos protocolos testados removeu completamente o Ca(OH)2 do canal radicular. Entretanto, a irrigação ultrassônica passiva foi mais eficaz do que o grupo das limas manuais.
Physicochemical and functional characteristics of materials and catalysts in protective layers of heterogeneous hydrotreatment processes. I. Materials of active filtering (MAF)
Authors: Ovsienko O. L. , Dorokhov V. S. , Guseva A. I. , Krivoruchenko D. S. , Pugacheva L. V. , Sidel’nikov I. V. , Nikul’shin P. A.
Published: July 2019

The results of studying physicochemical properties of fresh and industrially used materials of active filtering (MAF) used as protective layers of hydrotreatment catalysts are discussed. Data on functional properties of MAF of various types are obtained.
UAV-Based High-Throughput Approach for Fast Growing Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Cultivar Screening by Machine Learning
Authors: Zou Xiaodan , Liang Anjie , Wu Bizhi , Su Jun , Zheng Renhua , Li Jian
Published: July 2019

Accurate measurements of tree height and diameter at breast height (DBH) in forests to evaluate the growth rate of cultivars is still a significant challenge, even when using LiDAR and 3-D modeling. We propose an integrated pipeline methodology to measure the biomass of different tree cultivars in plantation forests with high crown density which that combines unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), hyperspectral image sensors, and data processing algorithms using machine learning. Using a planation of Cunninghamia lanceolate, commonly known as Chinese fir, in Fujian, China, images were collected using a hyperspectral camera and orthorectified in HiSpectral Stitcher. Vegetation indices and modeling were processed in Python using decision trees, random forests, support vector machine, and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) third-party libraries. Tree height and DBH of 2880 samples were measured manually and clustering into three groups: “fast growth,” “median,” growth and “normal” growth group, and 19 vegetation indices from 12,000 pixels were abstracted as the input of features for the modeling. After modeling and cross-validation, the classifier generated by random forests had the best prediction accuracy compare to other algorisms (75%). This framework can be applied to other tree species to make management and business decisions.
Thermoplastic Elastomer based Phase Change Materials with Enhanced Mechanical Property, Thermal Conductivity and Photo-thermal Performance
Authors: Wang Fuxian , Zou Xuelin , Chen Yanfeng , Liu Jian
Published: July 2019

Traditional phase change composites usually suffer poor mechanical property and easy collapsing in the phase changing process. Herein, a highly flexible phase change composite is fabricated using thermoplastic elastomer as the basic gel and the expanded graphite/paraffin as the filler. This new phase change composite shows a tensile strength of 2.1 MPa and a breaking elongation of 220%. It has a melting enthalpy of 145.4 J•g-1 and a thermal conductivity of 2.2 W•m-1•K-1 with 70% of expanded graphite/paraffin. The thermoplastic elastomer based phase change composite exhibits great reversible property after 200 heating/cooling cycles. This flexible phase change composite demonstrates good photo-thermal energy charging/discharging property and shows great potential to be applied in the solar thermal energy systems.
Diagnosis and Management of Periprosthetic Joint Infection After Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Cooper Maxwell E. , Trivedi Nikunj N. , Sivasundaram Lakshmanan , Karns Michael R. , Voos James E. , Gillespie Robert J.
Published: July 2019

» The indolent microorganisms responsible for shoulder periprosthetic joint infection make diagnosis difficult because they do not have clear clinical signs or reliable serum laboratory markers.

» Administering benzoyl peroxide to the skin of the surgical site and intra-articular injections of antibiotics during a surgical procedure have shown potential for preventing periprosthetic joint infection in patients undergoing shoulder arthroplasty.

» Measuring the synovial levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and alpha (α)-defensin have demonstrated promise for predicting periprosthetic joint infection in patients undergoing shoulder arthroplasty.

» Two-stage revision shoulder arthroplasty has been consistently shown in the literature to effectively eradicate infection and have substantial functional improvement, especially in healthy patients.

» One-stage revision shoulder arthroplasty has been shown to have eradication rates comparable with those of 2-stage exchange and has the advantages of being more cost-effective and having expedited treatment time.
Students’ Ability in Varying English Sentences: A Gender Approach
Authors: Hanafi Nurachman , Jazadi Iwan , Nuriadi Nuriadi , Udin Udin , Djuhaeni Eni
Published: July 2019

Studi ini menguji kemampuan mahasiswa dan mahasiswi S1 Bahasa Inggris untuk mengubah kalimat bahasa Inggris sesuai dengan perbedaan gender pada tingkat kalimat dasar: intransitif (one-place verb), transitif (two-place verb) dan ditransitif (three-place verb). Data korpus diperoleh dengan menggunakan tes pilihan ganda tertulis yang terdiri dari 30 item: 10 kalimat intransitif, 10 kalimat transitif dan 10 kalimat transitif. Penggunaan model uji ini dimaksudkan untuk memungkinkan mereka mengubah kalimat dasar bahasa Inggris secara praktis dan efisien dalam hal waktu. Setiap item memiliki 5 pilihan yang benar dan salah. Subyek diminta untuk memilih variasi yang dapat diterima sebanyak mungkin pada setiap item tes sesuai dengan aturan sintaksis bahasa Inggris yang berterima (gramatikal). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata kemampuan para mahasiswa adalah 49,05% (sedang), sedangkan rerata kemampuan para mahasiswi adalah 34,75% (rendah). Adapun perbandingan kemampuan kedua kelompok mahasiswa dan mahasiswi terhadap tiga kalimat dasar sebagai berikut: (a) intransitif (18,28%: 11,94%), (b) transitif (14,21%: 11,33%) dan (c) ditransitif (16,56%: 11,48%). Kemampuan memvariasikan kalimat dasar bahasa Inggris mahasiswa lebih tinggi (14,8%) daripada kemampuan mahasiswi, walau rerata mereka masih tergolong moderat (50%). Ke depan, proses belajar-mengajar ketrampilan menulis Bahasa Inggris dari kalimat sederhana ke lebih kompleks perlu ditingkatkan dengan memperhatikan teori sintaksis agar dapat membantu mahasiswa dan mahasiswi S1 menulis kalimat bahasa Inggris yang benar (grammatically correct) dan secara budaya berterima (culturally acceptable). تبحث هذه الدراسة قدرة الطلاب على تغيير الجمل الإنجليزية وفقا للاختلافات بين الجنسين في مستويات الجملة الأساسية: إنترانسيتيف (الفعل في مكان واحد)، متعدية (الفعل من مكانين) و ديترانسيتيف (الفعل ثلاثة مكان). تم الحصول على مجموعة البيانات باستخدام اختبار اختيار متعدد مكتوب يتكون من 30 مادة، بما في ذلك 10 الجمل إنتيرزنيتيف، 10 متعدية و 10 جمل متعدية. وكان القصد من استخدام هذا النموذج اختبار لتمكين القدرة على تغيير جملها الإنجليزية بطريقة عملية وفعالة من حيث الوقت. كل بند لديه 5 الخيارات الصحيحة والخاطئة. وقد طلب من الموضوعات اختيار أكبر عدد ممكن من الاختلافات مقبولة على كل عنصر الاختبار وفقا للقواعد النحوية الإنجليزية النحوية. وأظهرت النتائج أن متوسط قدرة الطلاب الذكور هو 49.05٪ (معتدل)، في حين أن متوسط قدرة الطالبات هو 34.75٪ (منخفض). إن المقارنة بين كل من الذكور والإناث في الجمل الأساسية الثلاث هي: (أ) الأفعال ذات الموضع الواحد (18.28٪: 11.94٪)، (ب) الأفعال ذات الموضعين (14.21٪: 11.33٪) و (ج) ثلاثة الفعل -Blace (16.56٪: 11.48٪). القدرة على تغيير الجمل الإنجليزية للطلاب الذكور أعلى (14.8٪) من قدرة الطالبات، ومع ذلك لا يزال المتوسط مصنفا تحت المعتدل (50٪). في المستقبل، فمن الضروري تحسين مهارة التدريس في كتابة الجمل الإنجليزية الأساسية لطلاب المرحلة الجامعية بدءا من الفصل الدراسي الثاني.
MBRAKAH IN THE PESANTREN SALAF TRADITION: The Dialectics of Local Wisdom and the Sufism Ethos for the Harmony of Life
Authors: Ahmadi Rizqa
Published: July 2019

Abstrak: Di antara warisan berharga bagi muslim Indonesia yang patut dilestarikan adalah pesantren beserta tradisinya. Sejak awal kemunculannya, lembaga ini tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai wadah proses pendidikan melainkan telah menjadi pusat pergerakan sosial dan berbagai aktifitas masyarakat. Selain itu, pesantren dengan ciri khasnya juga telah mengajarkan banyak hal termasuk merawat tradisi lokal. Salah satu yang menarik untuk dilihat lebih jauh adalah tradisi mbrakah atau ngrowod yang dilakukan oleh para santri. Tradisi ini termasuk riya>dhah (baik dilakukan dengan berpuasa maupun tidak) dengan menahan diri untuk mengkonsumsi makanan selain yang berbahan dasar beras dan dapat menggantinya dengan ubi-ubian, kentang, jagung, atau sayur-sayuran. Berdasarkan telaah bibliografi penulis melihat bahwa tradisi mbrakah adalah produk dari dialog antara kearifan lokal dan nilai islam. Dialektika keduanya diartikulasikan oleh falsafah jawa dan etos sufisme yang mana keduanya memiliki spirit yang serupa. Hubungan keduanya merupakan hubungan timbal balik yang saling mempengaruhi dan saling mengisi. Mbrakah telah bertahan menjadi tradisi di pesantren karena telah dimaknai oleh para santri dengan berbagai pemaknaan, seperti untuk menjaga kesehatan, untuk mengasah spiritualitas ataupun untuk kesalehan sosial yang dapat bermanfaat bagi orang banyak.ملخص: من بني املوروثات القيمة للمسلمني اإلندونيسيني اليت جيب احلفظ عليها هي بيسانرتين وتقاليدهم. منذ نشأتها، مل ً تعمل هذه املؤسسة كمكان تعليمية فحسب، بل أصبحت مركزا للحركات االجتماعية واألنشطة االجتماعية املختلفة. باإلضافة إىل ذلك، بيسانرتين خبصائصها، كما تدرس القيم العديدة، إهتم أيضا برعاية احلكمة احمللية. ومن أشياء مثرية لالهتمام هو تقليد براكة )mbrakah )أو عروووض )ngrowod )اليت يقوم بها الطالب املعاهد )santri .)يعترب هذا التقليد كالرياضة النفس )سواء قام بذلك عن طريق الصيام أم ال( باإلجتناب عن تناول الطعام خبالف األرز، وميكن أن حيل حملها البطاطس، أو البطاطا، أو الذرة، أو اخلضار وما أشبه ذلك. استنادا إىل دراسات البحوث العلمية، يرى الباحث أن تقليد براكة هو نتاج حوار بني احلكمة احمللية والقيم اإلسالمية. يعرب هذا احلوار من خالل الفلسفة اجلاوية والثورة الصوفية حيث كالهما ذوا تعاليم متشابهة. والعالقة بينهما هي عالقة متبادلة تؤثر ومتتلئ بعضها علي بعض. وصار براكة باقيا من تقليد بيسانرتين ألنه فسره الطالب مبعان متعددة، مثل احلفظ على الصحة، ولشحذ الروحانية، أو لصالح االجتماعيي اليت تستفيد الكثري من الناس.
Reconstruction of evolutionary trajectories of coffee chromosomes
Authors: Li Jing , Yuan Jiaqing , Zhao Yuhao , Meng Fanbo , Liu Chao , Zhang Zhikang , Guo He , Xie Yangqin , Hou Yue , Li Xinyu , Wang Xiyin
Published: July 2019

Background

Polyploidization is a widespread phenomenon in plants, especially in angiosperms. Because of the rearrangement of chromosomes and the loss of genes, the number of plant chromosomes will reduce. Studies have shown that core dicotyledons are derived from ancestors with seven proto-chromosomes, which triplicated in a core-eudicot-common hexaploidization. Therefore, dicotyledon with different chromosome numbers have evolved on the basis of 21 chromosomes. On this basis, we selected grape as the intermediate reference species to infer the karyotype evolutionary process of coffee.

Results

We found that all the chromosome fusion forms in grape were end-end joining, and 7 (70.0%) chromosome fusion forms in coffee were end-end joining. In the process of grape forming 19 chromosomes, there were three chromosome fusions and one chromosome fission. In the process of coffee 11 chromosomes formation, 10 chromosome fusions occurred. During the process, we inferred that satellite chromosomes formed by telomeres from the same or different chromosomes were produced; and the lost of them resulted in chromosome number reduction

Conclusions

Notably, we found that the major fusion mode of chromosomes in coffee is end-end joining, which is well explained by telomere-centric model, shared by grape and possibly by many other eudicots. This is contrastively different from the observation of monocot plants like grasses, in which nested chromosome fusions often occurred. The present work will help to understand the structural and functional innovations of plant chromosomes.
Patient satisfaction and objective outcome assessment following mid-urethral sling procedures in women with stress urinary incontinence: A prospective study
Authors: Ghanbari Zinat , Sany Seyedeh Belin Tavakoly , Hajhashemi Maryam , Radnia Nahid , Orooji Arezoo , Mohajer Taraneh
Published: July 2019

Background

Mid-urethral sling (MUS) operations are currently a recognized as the most popular and effective procedures for the surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) among women population. However, data reporting a long-term outcome is still equivocal, and thus, the data available are limited. This study aims to examine the efficacy of MUS operations after implantation for the treatment of women SUI during 3-years follow up.

Method

A prospective study was conducted in referral centers in the Tehran University of Medical Science, Emam Khomeini Hospital, Iran. 105 patients with urodynamically proven pure SUI or mix incontinence treated by MUS surgeries (TOT-TVT) were included. Patients with history of prior anti-incontinence surgery and abdominal radical pelvic surgery were excluded. Data regarding objective cure rates, subjective outcomes (Urogenital Distress Inventory Questionnaire–Short Form, Surgical Satisfaction Questionnaire) were collected during follow-up. We analyzed the preoperative parameters by univariate and multivariate

analysis was conducted to investigate outcomes.

Results

One hundred five women had MUS implantation. At 4-years follow-up, 101 women (95%) were available for the assessment. We find evidence of significant improvement in urinary symptoms, objective cure rates and patient satisfaction after operation. At 3-years follow up, 80 of 101 women (82.17%) indicated themselves cured. Similarly, at 3-years evaluation, 83 of 101 women (82.17%) were satisfied or very satisfied, not showing visible urine leakage; and a state that did not need interval surgery. The multivariate analysis of the preoperative parameters revealed that age, VD, absences of urgency symptoms were the parameters related independently to the surgical success and patient’s satisfaction and Qmax was well associated with postoperative voiding dysfunction (PVD).

Conclusion

The 4-years findings of this study suggest that MUS surgeries are an effective procedures for the treatment of SUI.
Does Case-based blended-learning expedite the transfer of declarative knowledge to procedural knowledge in practice?
Authors: Turk Bela Rui , Ertl Sebastian , Wong Guoruey , Wadowski Patricia P , Loeffler-Stastka Henriette
Published: July 2019

Background

Case-Based Learning (CBL) has seen widespread implementation in undergraduate education since the early 1920s. Ample data has shown CBL to be an enjoyable and motivational didactic tool, and effective in assisting the expansion of declarative and procedural knowledge in academia. Although a plethora of studies apply multiple choice questions (MCQs) in their investigation, few studies measure CBL or case-based blended learning (CBBL)-mediated changes in students’ procedural knowledge in practice or employ comparison or control groups in isolating causal relationships.

Methods

Utilizing the flexibilities of an e-learning platform, a CBBL framework consisting of a) anonymized patient cases, b) case-related textbook material and online e-CBL modules, and c) simulated patient (SP) contact seminars, was developed and implemented in multiple medical fields for undergraduate medical education. Additionally, other fields saw a solo implementation of e-CBL in the same format. E- cases were constructed according to the criteria of Bloom’s taxonomy.

In this study, Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) results from (n=619) medical students in 2013 before CBBL implementation, and after CBBL implementation in 2015 (n=624) and 2016 (n=643) were analyzed.

Results

A significant improvement (adjusted p=.002) of the mean OSCE score by 1.02 points was seen between 2013 and 2015 (min=0, max=25).

Conclusion

E-Case-Based Learning is an effective tool in increasing student satisfaction, improving performance outcomes and may provide a sustainable learning platform for many fields of medicine in future.
Meningitis gone viral: Description of the German Echo Wave 2013
Authors: Graf Jonas , Hartmann Christian , Lehmann Helmar C , Otto Carolin , Adams Ortwin , Karenfort Michael , Schneider Christian , Ruprecht Klemens , Bosse Hans Martin , Diedrich Sabine , Böttcher Sindy , Schnitzler Alfons , Hartung Hans-Peter , Aktas Orhan , Albrecht Philipp
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND: Aseptic meningitis epidemics may pose various health care challenges.
OBJECTIVE: We describe the German enterovirus meningitis epidemics in the university hospital centers of Düsseldorf, Cologne and Berlin between January 1st and December 31st, 2013.
RESULTS: A total of 72 enterovirus (EV-positive) meningitis cases were detected in our multicenter cohort, corresponding to 2.1% of all EV-positive cases which were voluntarily reported within the National Enterovirussurveillance (based on investigation of patients with suspected aseptic meningitis/encephalitis and acute flaccid paralysis) by physicians within this period of time. Among these 72 patients, 38 (52.8%) were echovirus-positive (18 pediatric and 20 adult cases, median age 18.5 years). At the same time, 45 aseptic meningitis cases in our cohort were excluded to be due to enteroviral infection (EV-negative). Three EV-negative patients were tested positive for varicella zoster virus (VZV) and one EV-negative patient for herpes simplex virus 2. Hospitalization was significantly longer in EV-negative cases. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis did not reveal significant differences between the two groups. After discharge, EV-meningitis resulted in significant burden of sick leave in our pediatric cohort as parents had to care for the children at home.
CONCLUSION: Voluntary disease-specific surveillance, such as provided by the National Enterovirussurveillance in our study may be a valuable tool for epidemiological research.
Vaikų elgesio kultūros ugdymo(si) būdai ir metodai Radviliškio miesto „X“ ikimokyklinėje ugdymo įstaigoje (atvejo analizė)
Authors: Smilgienė Jurgita , Jonaitienė Dalė
Published: July 2019

Nesvarbu, kokio amžiaus vaikas bebūtų, ugdant tinkamą elgesio kultūrą, svarbiausi yra suaugusieji, kurie savo elgesiu ir požiūriu į juos daro didžiausią įtaką. Ne tik šeima, bet ir ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaiga tampa atsakinga už vaikų elgesio kultūros ugdymą, švietimą bei skatinimą elgtis mandagiai, pagarbiai, sąžiningai, draugiškai ir t. t. Kultūringo elgesio įgūdžių ir įpročių formavimas, įvairiapusis elgesio kultūros ugdymo būdų taikymas, laisvas kūrybinis darbas sudaro sąlygas ugdytiniams save pažinti, kurti, išreikšti. Darbo procese jie ugdo(si) bendravimo ir bendradarbiavimo įgūdžius, atsakomybę už savo ir grupės darbo rezultatus. Šiame kontekste formuluotas probleminis tyrimo klausimas – kokiais būdais ugdoma vaikų elgesio kultūra ikimokyklinėje ugdymo įstaigoje?Tyrimas buvo atliekamas „X“ miesto  ikimokyklinėje ugdymo įstaigoje. Vykdant pedagogų apklausą raštu atskleistos trylikos pedagogų  patirtys apie jų taikomus būdus vaikų elgesio kultūrai ugdyti. Kokybinio tyrimo duomenys apdoroti turinio analizės būdu.Atliktas pedagogų patirties tyrimas atskleidė, kad ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigoje dirbantys pedagogai elgesio kultūros ugdymą laiko prioritetine sritimi. Veikloje vyrauja tradiciniai, vaiko poreikius atitinkantys elgesio kultūros ugdymo metodai, t. y. žaidimai, pokalbiai, pavyzdžio metodas, rečiau minimos netradicinės ugdymo formos. Kaip labiausiai pasiteisinusius vaikų elgesio kultūros ugdymui(si) būdus, metodus pedagogės vardijo tokius, kaip drausminimas, skatinimas, taisyklių laikymasis, ekskursijų ir išvykų organizavimas, grožinės literatūros skaitymas ir analizė.
A FEMINIST GROUP WORK DESIGN WITH WOMEN REFUGEES IN TURKEY
Authors: TEKİNDAL Melike
Published: July 2019

In the course of war and migration movements, especially vulnerable groups, especially women and children, take place. Particularly women are exposed to secondary exclusion because they are both women and immigrants are victims. When immigrant women’s issues and needs they live in Turkey examined; as well as language training, economic life participation, vocational training; social isolation and social exclusion, health-care problems. In particular, it is stated that immigrant women should implement social work interventions based on empowerment. The aim of working here is to structure the example of group work in the context of feminist social work practice aimed at the empowerment of immigrant women. With feminist group work, it is important that women can redefine themselves, question their causes, develop a common idea of how they can re-create themselves, and support each other. Within this scope, in the group work to be done with immigrant women, awareness raising groups should be made at the center of access to rights by starting from the experiences of women. This study primarily focuses on the problems experienced by immigrant women. Feminist social work practice is followed. Then, it is designed from the theoretical knowledge on how to structure the example of feminist group work with immigrant women. In this context, the aim, the participants, the determination of the structure of feminist group work was emphasized. Within the framework of the formation of the group work; development, and termination of group work.
Technological Advances in Preclinical Drug Evaluation: The Role of -Omics Methods
Authors: Pavelić Sandra Kraljević , Markova-Car Elitza , Klobučar Marko , Sappe Lana , Spaventi Radan
Published: July 2019

Preclinical drug development is an essential step in the drug development process
where the evaluation of new chemical entities occurs. In particular, preclinical drug development
phases include deep analysis of drug candidates’ interactions with biomolecules/targets,
their safety, toxicity, pharmacokinetics, metabolism by use of assays in vitro and in vivo animal
assays. Legal aspects of the required procedures are well-established. Herein, we present
a comprehensive summary of current state-of-the art approaches and techniques used in preclinical
studies. In particular, we will review the potential of new, -omics methods and platforms
for mechanistic evaluation of drug candidates and speed-up of the preclinical evaluation
steps.