bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Korelasi Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa Kelas X Mata Pelajaran PAI Di SMKN 13 Malang Subhan Adi Santoso
Authors: Subhan Adi Santoso  , Devi Ari Setiawan  , Muhammad Nur Hamdi  , Mahludhotul Faroha
Published: February 2023

: Learning is an activity that proceeds and is a very fundamental element in the implementation of each type and level of education. This means that the success or failure of the achievement of the educational objectives depends very much on the learning process that students experience when they are at school or in their home or family. Based on the background of the above problem, then the formulation of the problem as follows: What is the learning motivation of students of class X Subject PAI In SMKN 13 Malang and Is there a correlation of learning motivation with student achievement class X Subject PAI In SMKN 13 Malang. The method used in data collection is descriptive method. While the approach taken is a quantitative approach. Data collection in this study includes literature study and field study. The implementation of this field study involves observation techniques, interviews, and using data collection instruments in the form of questionnaires. Based on the results of correlation analysis obtained 0,538. In order for this number to be meaningful, it needs to be interpreted so as to give an explanation of the correlation between learning motivation and student achievement, that is by consulting through the value of r on the product momenttable, either with a significance level of 5% or 1%. For more details will be interpreted r o and r t (table) as follows. At the level of significance of 5% with the number of respondents (N) = 22 obtained r t = 0.423, while r o = 0.538. Thus r o is greater than r t or in other words r o> r t. This means indicating a significant or positive correlation between the two variables. At the level of significance of 1% with the number of respondents (N) = 22 obtained r t = 0.537, while r o = 0.538. Thus r o is greater than r t or in other words r o> r t. This means indicating a significant or positive correlation between the two variables. So the hypothesis examined that "There is a significant correlation between learning motivation and learning achievement subjects PAI grade X students in SMKN 13Malang also low
Pengaruh Metode Tanya Jawab Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa Mata Pelajaran Aqidah Akhlaq Kelas IV Di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah 06 Brondong Lamongan
Authors: Maftuhah  , M. Chotibuddin  , Aaisah Arsae  , Anang Ma'ruf  , Shintia Mafazatin
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the application of the question and answermethod and how it affects student achievement in the fourth grade Akidah Akhlaq subjects atMI Muhammadiyah 06 Brondong Lamongan. This research uses descriptive quantitativeresearch. The subjects in this study were 50 students. By using the instrument in the researchis a questionnaire, observation and documentation.The results showed that the value of the coefficient of r arithmetic on r table with the numberof N = 50 for a significant level of 0.279 or 5%, then r count = 9.440 > r table = 0.279 andfor a significant level of 0.361 or 1% then r count = 9.440 > r table = 0.361 thus r count isgreater than r table. Then it can be said that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted.
Dasar Pendidikan Dan Pendidikan Multikultural
Authors: Indyah Winasih
Published: February 2023

Education is the process of forming human abilities such as manners, morals, intellectual abilities so that humans can implement them in everyday life and humans can achieve the desired goals and happiness without any help from others. Multicultural education is education that must be implemented in countries with diverse cultures. The basic understanding of education and multicultural education. The method used is literature review by reviewing articles. The essence of education is the extension of one's ability to learn as a result of student effort as well as a series of historic workforce formation. The implementation of multicultural education in Indonesia, namely that there are still some deficiencies, namely an attitude of tolerance that is not developed in several schools. The implementation of multicultural education in Indonesia is still found some deficiencies. Increasing tolerance in schools to develop attitudes that there are cultural differences. This research only discusses the basis of education and multicultural education
Urgensi Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam Dalam Pembentukan Akhlak Siswa Di Era Digitalisasi
Authors: Moch. Salman Alfarizi  , Benny prasetiya  , Subhan Adi Santoso
Published: February 2023

Interests from social media and online games are now in demand by minors and teenagers/puberty, not something new when you pay attention to those who always play their respective cellphones. From this phenomenon, it will be very far left behind in the aspects of education and morals if you are still unable to use this technology that requires an internet connection. PAI teachers have a big role in fostering student morals in the digitalization era.The purpose of this research is to find out how the role of PAI teachers in fostering student morals in the digitalization era at SDN Mayangan 2. Based on the methods and types of facts used, this research was conducted with qualitative research methods so that it would produce descriptive information in word structure. The statistics analyzed in it are in a descriptive structure, no longer numbers as is the case in quantitative research. The result of this research is that the role of PAI teachers in moral development is very important for the moral development of students at SDN Mayangan 2. The efforts that have been made by PAI teachers at SDN Mayangan 2 are to provide an understanding of morality by providing examples and also by strengthening faith. by getting closer to Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala by diligently praying and also diligently reading the Koran. Morals are very important in the era of digitalization so that students can control themselves so they don't easily fall into the negative impacts resulting from technological developments and also improve students' morals on the use of social media such as Tik Tok and also self-control so that students take advantage of social media more . Supervision of a teacher to his students in the use of developmental technology is very important. The challenges felt by the teachers at SDN Mayangan 2 in terms of fostering students' morals are the lack of cooperation between the school and also the parents, the lack of support from parents and also the lack of collaboration between parents and the school, as well as other influences. from the community such as friendship or miscommunication, and the last is the limited time in school so that moral development efforts cannot run fully.
study on the social impact of port development and operation
Authors:   The Korean Data Analysis Society, Park Ho , Kim Sang Youl , Kim Taehun
Published: February 2023

Korea supports economic growth through state-led port development. Previous studies have been conducted on the impact and effect of port development, but most of the previous studies have been conducted focusing on economic effects. In the industrialization era focused on a supply perspective, and after industrialization, focused on demand and efficiency perspective. Recently, international interest and public awareness of sustainable development (SDGs) are increasing. In particular, domestic and foreign studies have focused on the fact that ports are evolving while exchanging mutual influences with cities through various stages, and that other SOC industries, including ports, have great social value contributing to local communities and local residents. Considering the increasing trend, there is a need to evaluate social as well as economic impacts on local communities. In this study, the social impact of port development and operation was divided into positive and negative impacts, analyzed with a focus on users/administrators, and implications were derived, and implications were derived by comparing the importance and performance of factors considered during port development. This study analyzed the social effects and performance of the development of ports, which are important SOC, and suggested implications to improve the positive impact and effect in future port development. Continued research will be needed to estimate the social impact and effect of port development in the future.
Assessment of Availability and Utilization of Information Technology in The Teaching of Biology in Ekiti State Secondary Schools, Nigeria
Authors: Okunade Adesina Isaac , Daramola Mercy Adesola , Jegede Rufus Oluwafemi
Published: February 2023

The study investigated availability and utilization of information technology in the teaching of Biology in Ekiti State secondary schools. The descriptive research design of the survey type was adopted in the study. The population of this study consisted of all the secondary schools in Ekiti State. The sample for this study consisted of 100 Biology teachers which were selected from 50 secondary schools in Ekiti State. The sample was selected using simple random and stratified random sampling techniques. Information and Technology Equipment Checklist was used for data collection. The face and content validity of each instrument was done by experts in Test and Measurement. The data collected for this study were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings of the study revealed that the level of availability, level of adequacy and extent of utilization of information technology facilities in teaching Biology in Ekiti State secondary schools were low. It was recommended among others that the government should provide information technology facilities in secondary schools and inspectorate department should ensure that schools with information technology facilities should put it into use in teaching and learning of school subjects especially Biology.
Effect Of Statutory Reserve and Bank Branches on Revenue Reserves of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Authors: Offor Eucharia Uchenna
Published: February 2023

The study examined the effect of statutory reserves and bank branches on the revenue reserves of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Retained earnings were the dependent variable. The study adopted an ex-post-facto research design, covering the period between 2010 and 2019. Secondary data were extracted from the annual reports and accounts of sampled deposit money banks in Nigeria. Multiple regression analysis was used for the test of hypotheses. The study of the regression analysis revealed that statutory reserves have a significant and negative effect on the revenue reserve of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Furthermore, the number of branches of deposit money banks had no significant effect on their revenue reserves. The findings imply that statutory reserves can be used to predict and make decisions on retained earnings of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study, therefore, recommends that banks focus on working on technicalities that will enable them to reduce their statutory reserve. However, the CBN should give the banks more freedom to have in-house retention than reserving with the CBN. This is because when it is reduced, there will be more loanable funds at the disposal of deposit money banks, and their profitability chances increase as well. Also, the insignificant effect of the number of branches indicates that the firms should not see an increase in the number of their branches as the solution to higher revenue reserves
Ethical Considerations for Automobile Emissions Management Background, Detriment, and Litigation
Authors: Li Ningxin
Published: February 2023

Volkswagen’s diesel emissions have triggered different litigations from the EPA and other agencies. This research will analyze potential justification to the upper management and the engineers of Volkswagen. Maintaining trust between society, customers, and car manufacturers is essential. This research will provide strategies for automobile manufacturers to mitigate the potential recurrence of litigation risks. Manufacturers and engineers should ensure that the cars can successfully maintain consumers’ trust. The author recommends that automobile manufacturers should focus on global markets and improve its ethical and regulatory standards. Additionally, this research emphasizes that a company has ethical obligations to disclose facts and mitigate future risks for improving reputation and devices. Moreover, this research encourages upper management and engineers to solve the emission problem by improving technological innovation to decrease emissions. The author believes that car manufacturers have social and ethical responsibilities when designing devices. They should lower emissions for climate change and public health reasons. Furthermore, this research provides insights on what manufacturers could learn from the Volkswagen scandal, which highlights that cooperation among the company, experts, and government agencies is essential. It encourages manufacturers’ teams to consider different ethical approaches when designing devices to protect individuals’ health and the environment.
Manifestation of Kristeva’s Theory of Abjection and Thetic Break in Sam Shepard’s The Buried Child
Authors: Jianguang Sun , Kashani Zahra Sharbaf , Haratyan Farzaneh
Published: February 2023

This study probes Kristeva’s theory of abjection, thetic break, the semiotics, and the symbolic in the play The Buried Child written by Sam Shepherd. The image of metamophorasized mother refers to any types of objects which are the transformed version of the mother. In other words, the image of mother is substituted and replaced during thetic break which functions as a threshold between two realms of the semiotic and the symbolic as a break between the signifier and the signified. Kristeva believes that the thetic break is a precondition for entering the symbolic chora and the possibilities of the first enunciation where the subject realizes that his own subjectivity faces boundary and limitation with others. This basic problem is elaborated in this selected play and discussed through Kristevean reading.
Determinants of Retained Earnings of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Authors: Offor Eucharia Uchenna
Published: February 2023

The study examined the determinants of retained earnings of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Retained earnings were the dependent variable, while total assets and total deposits were the independent variables of the study. The study adopted an ex-post-facto research design, covering the period between 2010 and 2019. Secondary data were extracted from the annual reports and accounts of sampled deposit money banks in Nigeria. Spearman Covariance analysis was used for the test of hypotheses. From the data analysis, total assets and total deposits have a strong and positive relationship with retained earnings. This implies that total assets and total deposits can be used to predict the retained earnings of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study, therefore, recommends that deposit money banks in Nigeria should strive to increase their asset base by investing in land and buildings and also ensure that every asset at their disposal is effectively and efficiently managed to yield more profit and subsequently increase their retained earnings for further investments and/or recapitalization. They should engage in promotions and other programmes that will encourage customers to keep their cash with them. This will provide them with additional funds to provide loans and make other investments to increase their revenue and retained earnings.
Improving Access to Bank Loans for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Mekong River Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Phi Ho Dinh , Huong Dien Pham
Published: February 2023

Despite Small and Medium-sized Enterprises play an important role in economic growth of Vietnam, there remain still many difficulties for them to access credit. This study contributes to takle these problems with investigating the factors that affect the ability to borrow money of SMEs in Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Data collected from a survey on 480 SMEs in the area are analyzed using Binary Logistic regression model. The results suggest that groups of factors affecting loan financing to those SMEs include Characteristics of business owners, Enterprise characteristics, and Business environment characteristics. The significance of the study provides evidence to the policy makers and practistioners to improve the accessibility to loans of the SMEs in Vietnam.
The Post Covid-19 Consumer Buying Behaviour in The Nigerian Banking Industry: Issues, Challenges and Benefits
Authors: Uford Imoh Charles , Mfon Abasiama Asuquo
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this paper was to explore the issues of post COVID-19 consumer behaviour in the Nigerian banking sector. Customers and employees of five top commercial banks in Nigeria (Zenith Bank, Access Bank, Guarantee Trust Bank, First Bank and United Bank for Africa) were interviewed via the telephone. This study adopted the exploratory research design with qualitative analysis of respondents’ views. It is important to note that changing consumer behaviour patterns, shift in customers’ expectations and attitude and perceptions differences were the major issues. However, some of the challenges include; huge business uncertainty, high illiteracy rate vs. technological advancement in banking as well as space engagement. On the other hand, some of the benefits identified were; improved technological applications and seamless banking procedures, reduced credit gap, and increased banking opportunities with the growing rate of Fintech. However, short term actions and long term transformation were adequately highlighted as proposed mitigants to the challenges facing the Nigerian banking sector with respect to managing changing customers’ behaviour amid post COVID-19 pandemic. An area recommended for further studies is consumer behaviour and post COVID-19 pandemic in other developing economies, with the use of empirical approach to further validate the findings of this study.
New Design of a Compact 1×2 Super UWB-MIMO Antenna for Polarization Diversity
Authors: Neamah Watheq , Al Sabbagh Haider , Al-Rizzo Hussain
Published: February 2023

This paper proposes a new design of compact coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed -super ultra-wideband (S-UWB) MIMO antenna with a bandwidth of 3.6 to 40 GHz. The proposed antenna is composed of two orthogonal sector-shape monopoles (SSM) antenna elements to perform polarization diversity. In addition, a matched L-shaped common ground element is attached for more efficient coupling. The FR-4 substrate of the structure with a size of 23 × 45 × 1.6 mm3 and a dielectric constant of 4.3 is considered. The proposed design is simulated by using CST Microwave Studio commercial software. The simulation shows that the antenna has low mutual coupling (|S21| < -20 dB) with |S11|<−10 dB, ranging from 3.6 to 40 GHz. Envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is less than 0.008, diversity gain (DG) is more than 9.99, mean effective gain (MEG) is below – 3 dB, and total active reflection coefficient (TARC) is less than -6 dB over the whole response band is reported. The proposed MIMO antenna is expected efficiently cover the broadest range of frequencies for contemporary communications applications.
Factors That Influence Teacher Distress
Authors: Shofwan Imam , Mulyono Sungkowo Edy , Sutarto Joko
Published: February 2023

AIM: This study aims to develop a fit model for teacher stress to know what factors influence teacher stress.
METHODS: This research uses descriptive quantitative research methods. Subjects in this study amounted to 500 teachers. The method used is the correlational research method with path analysis.
RESULTS: The results of this study indicate that illness, low salary, workload, bad relationships, abuse victims, emotions and work environment affect teacher stress, physiological, psychological, and cognitive criteria.
CONCLUSION: This means that the higher the disorder, the lower the salary, the workload, the bad relationship, the victim of harassment, the emotions and the work environment, the higher the stress on the teacher and the less the disease, the lower the salary, the workload, the bad relationship, the victim of abuse emotions, and work environment lead to the lower teacher stress.
The Validity of the Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 for Symptoms of Depression: A Sub- Analysis of the National Health Survey in Indonesia
Authors: Idaiani Sri , Mubasyiroh Rofingatul , Suryaputri Indri Yunita , Indrawati Lely , Dharmayanti Ika
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Adequate data are required to assess the validity of mental-emotional disorder for symptoms of depression based on Indonesia National Health Survey (NHS).
AIM: This study aims to assess the validity of mental-emotional disorder using self-reporting questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) to the symptoms of depression evaluated through the means of a Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) questionnaire.
METHODS: The data were obtained from a total sample of 555,066 subjects analyzed from the NHS in 2018. These subjects were at least 15 years old with their mental-emotional disorders and symptoms of depression assessed using the self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ) and MINI, respectively. This study used the calculation of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, likelihood ratio, receiver operating characteristic, kappa Brennan, and Prediger with the STATA version 15.00 to analyze the data.
RESULTS: The cutoff point in each group was different, ranging from 4 to 6 that almost all the area under curve values were above 0.90 and the SRQ agreement with MINI depression is good because they all have values above 0.80.
CONCLUSION: The results obtained are used as material to predict the rate of symptoms depression in Indonesian residents aged ≥15 years.
The sensitivity difference between the glans penis and penile shaft in primary premature ejaculation
Authors: Zheng Lei , Wei Le-Tian , Tang Qi-Zhen , Song Chun-Li , Liu Wen-Rong , Wang Ke-Nan , Jiang Hui , Jiang Tao
Published: February 2023

The penis is a vital organ of perception that transmits perceived signals to ejaculation-related centers. The penis consists of the glans penis and penile shaft, which differ considerably in both histology and innervation. This paper aims to investigate whether the glans penis or the penile shaft is the main source of sensory signals from the penis and whether penile hypersensitivity affects the whole organ or only part of it. The thresholds, latencies, and amplitudes of somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) were recorded in 290 individuals with primary premature ejaculation using the glans penis and penile shaft as the sensory areas. The thresholds, latencies, and amplitudes of SSEPs from the glans penis and penile shaft in patients were significantly different (all P < 0.0001). The latency of the glans penis or penile shaft was shorter than average (indicating hypersensitivity) in 141 (48.6%) cases, of which 50 (35.5%) cases were sensitive in both the glans penis and penile shaft, 14 (9.9%) cases were sensitive in the glans penis only, and 77 (54.6%) cases were sensitive in the penile shaft only (P < 0.0001). There are statistical differences in the signals perceived through the glans penis and the penile shaft. Penile hypersensitivity does not necessarily mean that the whole penis is hypersensitive. We classify penile hypersensitivity into three categories, namely, glans penis, penile shaft, and whole-penis hypersensitivity, and we propose the new concept of penile hypersensitive zone.
Efficacy of stepwise mini-incision microdissection testicular sperm extraction for nonobstructive azoospermia with varied etiologies
Authors: Zhang Yu-Xiang , Yao Chen-Cheng , Huang Yu-Hua , Li Peng , Zhi Er-Lei , Zhu Zi-Jue , Zhang Jian-Xiong , Zhao Fu-Jun , Li Zheng , Tian Ru-Hui
Published: February 2023

Stepwise mini-incision microdissection testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) is a procedure that attempts to minimize testicular damage. However, the mini-incision approach may vary in patients with different etiologies. Here, we performed a retrospective analysis of 665 men with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) who underwent stepwise mini-incision mTESE (Group 1) and 365 men who underwent standard mTESE (Group 2). The results showed that the operation time (mean ± standard deviation) for patients with successful sperm retrieval in Group 1 (64.0 ± 26.6 min) was significantly shorter than that in Group 2 (80.2 ± 31.3 min), with P<0.001. The total sperm retrieval rate (SRR) was 23.1% in our study, and there was no significant difference between Group 1 and Group 2 (P>0.05), even when the etiologies of NOA were taken into consideration. The results of consecutive multivariate logistic regression analysis (odds ratio [OR]: 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.38–0.87; P=0.009) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis (area under the ROC curve [AUC]=0.628) showed that preoperative anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level in idiopathic NOA patients was a potential predictor for surgical outcomes after initial three small incisions made in the equatorial region without sperm examined under an operating microscope (Steps 2–4). In conclusion, stepwise mini-incision mTESE is a useful technique for NOA patients, with comparable SRR, less surgical invasiveness, and shorter operation time compared with the standard approach. Low AMH levels may predict successful sperm retrieval in idiopathic patients even after a failed initial mini-incision procedure.
Late Presentation of Factor XIII Deficiency with Recurrent Muscle Hematomas
Authors: Kumar Sudesh , Bhattacharya Piyali , Kumari Anamika
Published: February 2023

Background:

Plasma factor XIII is a proenzyme that gets activated in the final step of the coagulation cascade. Its physiological role is to stabilize clot formation by catalyzing the cross-linkage of fibrin. Factor XIII deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder.

Clinical Description:

A 10-year-old boy presented with acute-onset swelling of the arm following a minor fall. There were no constitutional symptoms. There was a significant history of similar swellings 2 years earlier that had required surgery. The past and family history were otherwise noncontributory. The child was hemodynamically stable. Local signs suggested a hematoma or tumor. There was no pallor, icterus, petechiae, or ecchymosis. The remaining examination was normal. Provisional diagnoses included nonaccidental trauma or an underlying primary or secondary bleeding diatheses, tumor, or chronic osteomyelitis.

Management:

Soft-tissue ultrasonography showed a hematoma. The radiograph was normal. Hemograms, first-line tests for coagulopathy, infective biomarkers, and liver and kidney function tests were normal. There were no stigmata of neglect or physical/emotional abuse in the child. Since the clinical phenotype was of a bleeding disorder, but supportive investigations were inconclusive, we suspected factor XII deficiency. Specific levels showed zero activity. Fresh frozen plasma was administered due to the nonavailability of factor XIII. The hematoma was managed surgically. The child was discharged after genetic counseling and is receiving monthly cryoprecipitate. He is asymptomatic till now.

Conclusion:

Factor XIII deficiency should be suspected when there are clinical indicators of a bleeding diathesis, but supportive tests are not deranged.
Severe Hereditary Spherocytosis Presenting with Non-Immune Fetal Hydrops
Authors: Mallakmir Snehal , Merchant Rashid , Kabra Nandkishor S. , Ahmed Javed
Published: February 2023

Background:

Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is characterized by spherocytes on the peripheral smear and heterogeneous clinical presentation (mild, moderate, moderate/severe, and severe) depending upon the severity of hemolytic anemia, jaundice, and splenomegaly. The underlying cause is defects in various red blood cell membrane proteins due to pathogenic mutations. Genotype-phenotype correlation is known.

Clinical Description:

We report a consanguineous family with a healthy daughter, multiple pregnancy losses due to fetal hydrops, and the current daughter. She was diagnosed with fetal anemia at 22 weeks gestation, developed fetal hydrops, was born premature and developed respiratory distress, severe anemia, severe jaundice, and postnatal hemolysis.

Management:

The case was managed since intrauterine life till date by multispecialty coordination. Intrauterine transfusions were given during pregnancy. In the neonatal period, she received surfactant for respiratory distress syndrome, double volume exchange transfusion and phototherapy for the jaundice, and repeated blood transfusions for the hemolytic anemia, that is still continuing. Rational and sequential investigations were planned and a systematic approach used. She was diagnosed with severe HS due to a homozygous likely pathogenic variant in the SPTA1 gene (affecting formation of spectrin), and heterozygous variant of uncertain significance in the ANK1 gene (that encodes ankyrin). At 3 years she has transfusion dependent hemolytic anemia, moderate splenomegaly, and age appropriate growth and development.

Conclusions:

HS is a rare but manageable (albeit challenging) cause of nonimmune hydrops fetalis. Genetic diagnosis allows precise management and family counselling.
Pediatric Miller Fisher Syndrome Mimicking Anti-Histaminic Drug Toxicity
Authors: Natarajan Gowsinivedha , Serane Vikneswari Karthiga , Jegadeesan Podhini , Palanisamy Soundararajan
Published: February 2023

Background:

Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) is a rare condition in childhood, characterized by acute-onset ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, and areflexia. It is mostly preceded by viral and bacterial infections, and the pathogenesis is speculated to be an immune response to cross-reacting antigens. We describe a case of acute ataxia which was initially misdiagnosed as antihistaminic toxicity and later emerged to be MFS.

Clinical Description:

A 4.5-year-old girl presented with acute-onset ataxia, giddiness, and limb pain, following toxic ingestion of an antihistaminic drug (chlorpheniramine) that had been prescribed for an upper respiratory infection. The absence of waning symptoms, new manifestations, and undetectable drug levels prompted us to consider an alternate diagnosis.

Management:

Magnetic resonance imaging of the cranium and spine was unremarkable. Hence, a central nervous system infection was considered. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed albumin-cytologic dissociation, a negative viral panel, and sterile culture. Serum anti-GQ1b antibody of immunoglobulin G type was positive. A nerve conduction study revealed absent H-reflexes in both gastrocnemius muscles. A diagnosis of MFS was made based on clinical features, CSF albumin-cytologic dissociation, positive anti-GQ 1b antibody, and absent H reflexes. She was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, following which there was an improvement in 1 week and complete recovery within 3 months.

Conclusion:

Although a rare entity, we need to consider MFS in the differential diagnosis of ataxia when the neurological signs persist beyond the expected time duration so that investigations can be planned accordingly and timely immunotherapy initiated.
Anti-N-methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis
Authors: Malhotra Deepti , Sane Sudhir , Mane Shivaji , Hajirnis Omkar
Published: February 2023

Background:

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is an auto-immune encephalitis with prominent neuropsychiatric manifestations that may be paraneoplastic.

Clinical Description:

A teenage girl presented with an acute illness of 4 days with symptoms of generalized weakness of all four limbs, behavioral abnormalities, and a generalized convulsion. On examination, the child was hemodynamically stable and disoriented to time, place, or person. There was the loss of recent memory. The remaining neurological and systemic examination was normal. The differential diagnoses considered were toxic or metabolic encephalopathy, neurological Wilson's disease, acute intermittent porphyria, autoimmune encephalitis, and neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus. Investigations were planned for the causes that could not be excluded by history, examination, and baseline investigations. Salient reports were normal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nonspecific electroencephalogram abnormalities, and absence of pleocytosis and biochemical abnormalities but positive anti-NMDAR antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid. A right adnexal cystic solid mass was identified in the abdominal ultrasound with the radiological appearance of an ovarian teratoma or germ cell tumor on MRI. Alpha-fetoprotein levels were raised.

Management:

The patient underwent right salpingo-oophorectomy. The histopathological diagnosis was an immature ovarian teratoma. The patient received first-line and then second-line immunotherapy (when there was no response), as well as chemotherapy. Signs of improvement appear after 6 weeks, with complete recovery within 6 months.

Conclusion:

Pediatric ovarian teratoma-associated anti-NMDAR encephalitis is rare, but neuropsychiatric symptoms should prompt the clinician to think of this diagnosis in girls. Early treatment is associated with a good prognosis.
A Rare Case of Intra-Renal Paraganglioma in a Child Masquerading as Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Manekar Aditya Arvind , Sahoo Subrat Kumar , Tripathy Bikasha Bihary , Nayak Prasant , Sable Mukund Namdev , Mohanty Manoj Kumar
Published: February 2023

Background:

Renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) are rare in children, accounting for around 2% of all pediatric renal tumors. Paragangliomas are extra-adrenal locations of phaeochromocytomas. They originate from chromaffin cells arising along the sympathetic paraganglia and are secretory in most cases. Sequential imaging is often required to ascertain the etiology of a renal mass; ultrasound (USG), contrast-enhanced computerized tomography scan (CECT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Tissue diagnosis is confirmatory.

Clinical Description:

An 11-year-old girl presented with a right-sided abdominal and flank pain that was dull aching and nonradiating. She had no history of jaundice, hematuria, dysuria, bowel symptoms, sweating, palpitations, or syncope. The vitals were stable, without tachycardia or hypertension. No abnormal findings were found on clinical examination. Initially, the possibility of a renal stone was considered.

Management and Outcome:

Baseline blood tests were normal. Abdominal USG detected a heterogeneous mass in the right kidney. CECT ascertained that it was very vascular and exhibited contrast enhancement, suggesting a renal tumor. MRI showed that the right renal artery was acting as the feeding vessel to the tumor. RCC was suspected based on imaging. The vascular nature prevented us from performing a Tru-cut biopsy. A right-sided nephrectomy was planned, preceded by angiography and embolization of the right renal artery to reduce vascularity. Intraoperative episodes of hypertension were noted. Gross appearance suggested RCC; however, histopathology revealed evidence of an intrarenal PGL.

Conclusions:

Diagnosing a nonfunctional PGL in an asymptomatic patient is challenging and may only be possible by intraoperative histopathology.
Coping with Schooling Bullying Using the "bucket-Filling' Metaphor as a Management Strategy
Authors: Malhi Prahbhjot , Bharti Bhavneet
Published: February 2023

Background:

Childhood bullying is a widespread global public health problem that is associated with several adverse long-term physical and mental health problems. The present case report describes the successful implementation of an intervention that focused on improving the socio-emotional skills of a victimized child.

Clinical Description:

SP, an 8-year-old foster boy was being bullied by his peers at school. This led to him appearing distracted, easily frustrated, scholastic deterioration, and refusal to go to school. He was brought to us by his concerned parents for the evaluation and management. Psychometric testing revealed that the child did not have any intellectual impairment or symptoms of specific learning disability, behavioral, or mood disturbances.

Management and Outcome:

An intervention that focused on metaphors "bucket filling" (i.e., being kind and considerate), "bucket dippers" (i.e., being mean and hurtful words) was used, the lesson being that one must learn to keep the lid of their own bucket on, so that others cannot empty it. Multiple sessions were taken and assignments given in which the parents were actively involved with the child. After 2 months, the child was better adjusted at school and had made a new friend. The bullying too had declined.

Conclusions:

Pediatricians need to be able to recognize the symptoms that could indicate bullying. Once recognized, appropriate referrals should be made to competent professionals. Early childhood programs that foster socio-emotional learning using novel strategies are beneficial.
Troublesome Teeth, Search for Stones – Enamel-Renal Syndrome
Authors: Reddy Soumya , Arumugam Niranjana , Iyengar Aparna
Published: February 2023

Background:

Enamel-renal syndrome (ERS), is a rare autosomal recessive disorder involving family with sequence similarity 20 member A (FAM20A) gene. This unique syndrome is characterized by severe enamel hypoplasia, intrapulpal calcification, nephrocalcinosis, or nephrolithiasis. This case report highlights the early presentation and incidental detection of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a young child with enamel defects.

Clinical Description:

A 10-year-old girl, with no significant past or family history, presented with delayed tooth eruption and abnormal shaped teeth. She was detected to have generalized gingival hyperplasia and multiple unerupted teeth. Suspecting amelogenesis imperfecta, she was screened for coexisting systemic conditions. On evaluation, abdominal ultrasound demonstrated bilateral nonobstructive nephrolithiasis. Further renal workup done showed an abnormal creatinine (stage 2 CKD) and mild metabolic acidosis. Reduced urinary citrate excretion with no evidence of hypercalciuria was noted on extensive urine assessment. Genetic testing revealed a novel pathogenic variant in FAM20A, confirming the diagnosis of ERS.

Management:

The child was initiated on citrate supplements, salt restriction, and adequate hydration. She was advised of dental interventions, including pulp therapy and full-coverage restoration of decayed teeth. The family was counseled about the need for close monitoring of growth, renal function, and progression of nephrolithiasis.

Conclusion:

Prompt screening for renal associations in oro-dental and systemic disease must be undertaken to ensure early detection of kidney disease and timely institution of appropriate treatment. In children diagnosed to have kidney involvement, the importance of regular follow-up with clinical, biochemical, and imaging modalities, even during adulthood, must be emphasized.
Age and Weight no Bars for Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: Priyadarshini Debashree , Sahoo Ipsita , Dash Mrutunjay
Published: February 2023

Background:

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) of the left side may clinically manifest as chronic wheezing or gastrointestinal reflux disease in older children. Misdiagnosis of CDH is common in later age groups.

Case Description:

An 11-year-old boy presented to the outpatient department with a history of intermittent cough for 2 years and acid reflux. He was treated with a case of bronchial asthma and received symptomatic treatment for the same, but he continued to have symptoms without much relief. On examination, he was found obese with no signs of respiratory distress. On auscultation, there were reduced breath sounds in the left inframammary, infra-axillary, and infrascapular region with a normal examination of other systems.

Management:

The chest X-ray was suggestive of heterogeneous opacities engulfing more than half of the left hemithorax in the middle and lower zone of the left lung area with nonvisualization of the left dome of the diaphragm and the presence of abdominal gas shadows in the opacity. Considering the possibilities of diaphragmatic hernia or eventration, high-resolution computed tomography of the thorax was done, and left-sided Bochdalek hernia was confirmed. The child underwent surgical repair uneventfully and was discharged home with no complications.

Conclusion:

An adolescent boy has a late diagnosis of left-sided CDH. Considering the wide spectrum of clinical presentation, a high index of suspicion is crucial for the diagnosis of CDH since it might develop into a life-threatening condition. An excellent prognosis can be achieved with early diagnosis and effective therapy.
Latin Amerika’da Fetih, İsyan ve Ölüm: Sömürgecilik Döneminde İspanyol Yönetimi ve Yerli Mücadeleleri
Authors: ÇATALBAŞ Adem Üstün
Published: February 2023

Bu yazı Latin Amerika’nın unutulmuş yerli halklarının, Avrupalıların kıtaya ayak basmalarından itibaren karşılaştıkları yenilgilerin, ikilemlerin, dönüşümün ve esaretin izlerini sürmektedir. Yerli halklar Avrupalı istilacılar gelmeden evvel kompleks siyasi yapılar kurmuş olsalar da medeni inkişafları yeni gelenler yüzünden ansızın durmak zorunda kalmıştır. Kıtanın her yerine yayılmış olan yerli halklar kaderlerine razı gelmemiş ve ilk karşılaşmadan itibaren karşı mücadeleye girişmişlerdir. Ancak binek hayvanı eksikliği gibi doğal yetersizlikler ve Avrupalıların taşıdığı bulaşıcı hastalıklara karşı bağışıklık eksikliği gibi nedenlerle bu mücadele çoğu zaman akamete uğramıştır. Bu mücadele sadece yerli halkların mücadelesi değildir. Sömürgecilik döneminde Yeni Dünyaya kitleler halinde gelen ikinci bir grup daha vardır: çoğu Afrika kıtasından sömürgeci Avrupalılar tarafından gemilerle taşınan köleler. Atlantik Köle Ticareti ile yüzyıllar boyunca bu yeni kıtaya zorla getirilen bu talihsiz insanlar zamanla Latin Amerika’da toplumların önemli bir parçası olmuşlardır. Latin Amerika’da İspanyol sömürgeciliği dört temel üzerine kuruludur: kölecilik, kast sistemi, Hristiyanlaştırma ve askeri üstünlük. Bu yazının amacı bu dört ana unsurun tarihsel bağlamını yine tarihsel gelişimi içerisinde sunmaktır. Çalışmada karşılaştırmalı tarihi sosyolojik yöntem kullanılmıştır.
Performance Analysis of Materials Selection Using Weighted Product Method (WPM)
Authors: P.K Chidambaram , Sivaji Chinnasami , Murugan Ashwini , Ramachandran M
Published: February 2023

Materials selection. The choice of materials is a sorted one is the process by which engineers remove one or a small number of items that can be found most suitable. Successful engineering design material selection is critical to the process. As much as possible your preparation must be strong and durable that’s what you want. Security to consider there are also implications. You see, with poor material, there are many more dangerous failures arising from examination a very common occurrence in industries. The weighted product method is a multi-criteria decision-making process there are many alternatives, and based on several criteria we must determine the best alternative. Alternative: Specific strength (Mpa), Specific modulus (Gpa), Corrosion resistance, Cost category. Evaluation Preference: AISI 1020, AISI 1040, ASTM A242, AISI 4130, AISI 316. From the result, it is seen that AISI 4130 is got the first rank whereas is ASTM A242 is having the lowest rank. As a result, AISI 4130 is ranked first, while ASTM A242 is ranked lowest.
Prospects and Practices of Induction for Novice Teachers
Authors: Bahadur Kadel Purna
Published: February 2023

This study aims at exploring the prospects and practices of induction for novice teachers. The phenomenological research design under qualitative research approach was adopted to carry out this study. The sample of this study was 5 teacher educators and 5 educational administrators who were selected through convenience non-random sampling procedure. They were selected on the basis of their willingness, expertise, experiences, and availability for this study. In-depth interview was administered to the respondents as a tool to collect for this study. The findings of this study show that implementation of induction program helps the novice teachers to reduce attrition, burnout and leaving the job of teaching; they learn employability skills and soft skills during the induction program; they can embed information communication technology with English language teaching in the classroom in this program; and quality of education could be enhanced through the induction program. It is concluded that induction program is essential for the prosperity and professional development of newly appointed novice teachers.
Effect of Aromatic Massage on Somatic Problems among a Cohort of Menopausal Women
Authors: Said Nageya E. , Shehata Nabaweya S. , Abd El Haleem Sabah A.
Published: February 2023

Context: Menopause is a significant event in women's lives. It marks the end of a woman's natural reproductive life; it is usually accompanied by symptoms that affect the women's ability to perform their normal daily activities. Massage is one of the non-pharmacological methods that can help women cope with menopausal symptoms.

Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of aromatic massage on somatic problems among a cohort of menopausal women.

Methods: A comparative quasi-experimental time serial (pre-posttest, study/control) design was used. The study was conducted at outpatient clinics of Ain shams University Maternity Hospital. A purposive sample of 74 menopausal women with menopausal symptoms was recruited in this study and divided randomly into an intervention group (Aromatic massage) and a control group (Massage only). Data were collected through three tools. A structured interviewing questionnaire is divided into three parts: general data, obstetrics, and menstrual history, the Kupperman index (menopausal assessment symptoms tool) to assess somatic menopausal symptoms, and the Visual Analogue Scale to assess the history of menstrual pain degree among menopausal women.

Results: It revealed two matched groups of women with a mean age of 47.83±5.23 vs. 49.05±3.98 in the aromatic and massage-only groups, respectively. The pre/post-intervention results revealed a significant improvement in most somatic menopausal symptoms, decreasing the frequency of hot flushes attacks, paresthesia, vertigo, fatigue, myalgia, headache, heart palpitation, and formication in the aromatherapy massage group post-intervention and in the follow up (p<0.05). The comparison between the aromatic and massage-only groups revealed a significant difference between the two groups with a significantly lower mean score in total menopausal somatic symptoms.

Conclusion: Aromatic massage with lavender, clary sage, jasmine, and rose dissolved in almond oil was effective in easing somatic menopausal symptoms compared to their pre-intervention level and compared to the massage-only group. The study recommended developing counseling programs for women about aromatic massage therapy at gynecological clinics.