bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lacan lecteur de Freud : le cas de la surdétermination
Authors: Pellion Frédéric
Published: November 2011

Résumé On se propose ici de suivre quelques traces de l’idée de « surdétermination » – idée dont la fécondité nous semble sous-estimée – dans le texte de Freud. On verra alors émerger une puissance causale en possession de ses propres raisons, soit un « sujet », comme son corrélat nécessaire. Et on montrera aussi, au travers de cet exemple, comment Lacan, lisant Freud, ne se contente pas de traduire Freud, mais inscrit de l’inédit dans le texte de celui-ci.
Mères sans alternative. Néonaticide et conservation par congélation
Authors: Windels Marie
Published: November 2011

Résumé Véronique Courjault a tué trois de ses enfants et en a conservé deux dans son congélateur ; Dominique Laude-Sansuc a tué et conservé durant deux ans l’un de ses enfants dans le congélateur familial. À partir de deux documentaires traitant des procès de ces femmes, nous avons essayé d’appréhender ce qui a pu les amener non seulement à étouffer leurs enfants à la naissance, mais encore à en conserver les corps. De ces grossesses aboutissant au néonaticide, le père est à chaque fois exclu. La triade fondamentale père-mère-enfant n’existe pas, la grossesse est vécue dans la solitude ou dans l’ignorance. Au moment de l’accouchement, ce n’est pas leur enfant mais une angoisse ravageante que ces femmes découvrent. Elles font taire la chose vivante qu’elles rencontrent mais ne la font pas disparaître. Ne pouvant s’en séparer, elles la conservent, prenant le risque – en cherchant même peut-être – que le(s) corps soi(en)t découvert(s) par un proche.
Tombeau pour les malades mentaux morts de famine pendant l'Occupation nazie (1940-1944)
Authors: Nachin Claude
Published: November 2011

Résumé La famine qui a frappé les malades mentaux pendant l’Occupation nazie est un crime qui a été planifié par le gouvernement de Vichy, peut-être sans le vouloir clairement, en fixant des rations alimentaires inférieures au minimum de survie, et qui a été poursuivi malgré les protestations de plus en plus nombreuses de fin 1940 à fin 1942 où les mesures prises sont venues trop tard pour beaucoup et n’ont pas connu d’applications suffisantes pour que le désastre ne se poursuive pas dans beaucoup d’hôpitaux.
Un souffle de l'air
Authors: Ankaoua Fabienne
Published: November 2011

Résumé L’œuvre d’art est une expérience de la temporalité. Elle est construction temporelle entre un passé existant encore dans le présent, et un futur qui se promet. Elle recèle en elle des étincelles issues de la création du monde, un point lumière créateur d’espace et de monde. Le processus créatif qui précède sa réalisation met en exergue un exil intérieur. C’est l’attention qui sera apportée à cet exil de soi, à des symptômes, au travers du transfert sur un artiste dirigeant un atelier thérapeutique, qu’un début de remaniement psychique, un « Je » peut commencer à advenir chez des sujets en souffrance. L’œuvre, quelle qu’elle soit, au-delà de ses qualités esthétiques, dans cet espace du « figural », du rien, permet à de l’Autre d’exister ; à du son, de la parole, du trait, du mouvement, d’apparaître. Cet espace investi lors d’un temps préétabli se révèle un temps de surgissement d’une « mise en œuvre de la vérité », un « moment pour comprendre ».
L'autisme : symptôme de l'antipsychanalyse ?
Authors: Alerini Paul
Published: November 2011

Résumé Le mot « autisme » rencontre un succès difficilement explicable. Il n’était pourtant pas accepté par Freud parce qu’inventé par Jung et Bleuler à partir de l’autoérotisme dont l’éros était évincé. Melanie Klein qui décrivit le premier cas (Dick) n’a jamais voulu employer ce terme contrairement à Anna Freud et son disciple Bruno Bettelheim. Mais c’est à partir des violentes controverses suscitées par celui-ci que les premiers mouvements d’adversaires de la psychanalyse voient le jour avec la rupture d’un de ses collaborateurs Eric Schopler qui met au point une méthode comportementaliste associant les parents, au début des années soixante. Autour de l’autisme considéré comme un handicap, la notion même de psychose infantile a pratiquement disparu. Le terme en vigueur actuellement est celui de « spectre autistique » désignant une échelle de syndromes allant des calculateurs savants aux lourdes coupures de la relation à l’autre. Ce sinistre spectre menace la psychanalyse des enfants en général car il justifie les recherches des technosciences et l’emploi généralisé des méthodes cognitivo-comportementalistes. Mais pourquoi ce mot « autisme » continue-t-il de fasciner les psychanalystes ?
Jean-Michel Basquiat, identification d'un artiste
Authors: Wiener Simone
Published: November 2011

Résumé Que s’est-il passé pour Jean-Michel Basquiat lorsqu’il écrivait et graffitait dans New York sur les portes du métro, les murs des bâtiments, les palissades intriguant ainsi le public de la rue ? Il signait samo suivi du © (copyright) et du pictogramme d’une couronne royale à trois pointes qui apparaîtra dans certains de ses tableaux ultérieurs. Ses tags étaient-ils pour lui une manière d’écrire et de raturer à la fois, comme il le fit plus tard ? S’agissait-il de se nommer tout en se dissimulant sous ce pseudonyme ? Elle permettait de le repérer, de le lire dans un contexte particulier : celui de la ville. Cette signature acronyme qu’il adressait au public urbain avait-elle la valeur d’un trait d’identification, d’une lettre ? Toujours est-il que cette façon de faire signe dans la rue va disparaître par la suite, définitivement. De cette première période, il restera des traces, une empreinte dans la manière de travailler de ce peintre qui se voyait lui-même comme un « écriveur de tableaux ». Les tableaux apparaîtront ensuite ; ils marqueront le passage à un autre public et l’émergence d’un cadre, d’une nouvelle adresse : s’agit-il de l’identification d’un artiste ?
Maigrir enveloppée à l'adolescence… avec une médiation thérapeutique corporelle groupale
Authors: Sanahuja Maria de la Almudena , Cuynet Patrice
Published: November 2011

Résumé Notre réflexion insiste sur l’utilité d’une approche psychanalytique groupale corporelle, comme une des modalités de prise en charge de l’obésité au moment de la période de l’adolescence. L’accent est mis sur la groupalité, comme outil thérapeutique, car les dernières recommandations sanitaires s’orientent de plus en plus vers la mise en avant de la dimension cognitivo-comportementale au détriment des « méthodes thérapeutiques » à visée psychanalytique. Toutefois, ces deux formes de prise en charge peuvent être complémentaires. En effet, le groupe à médiation thérapeutique peut être un support de contenance pour ces adolescentes obèses en « perte de poids », qui présentent elles-mêmes un défaut de contenant psychique, se traduisant par une image inconsciente du corps trouble. À travers cet écrit, nous mettons le projecteur sur la dimension psychique et somatique de ces jeunes filles, liée au phénomène pubertaire et à l’amaigrissement, ainsi que sur les enjeux tant individuels que groupaux, se déployant au sein d’un atelier esthétique à médiation corporelle. Ces enjeux ont simultanément un impact formel sur l’enveloppe psychique individuelle et groupale.
Groupalité et individuation. L'émergence de l'individuation en thérapie familiale psychanalytique
Authors: Joubert Christiane
Published: November 2011

Résumé Nous montrons à l’aide d’une clinique familiale, comment le processus de la cure familiale psychanalytique permet l’accès à l’individuation, à partir de l’appareil psychique familial ( apf ), qui est l’appareil psychique groupal primaire (Ruffiot, 1981, 1983), et du creuset de la mythopoïèse groupale. Des liens indifférenciés, fusionnels, confusionnels et des modes de fonctionnement familiaux persécutoires émergent peu à peu, des modalités de liens de plus en plus différenciés, grâce à la contenance du cadre analytique, avec la dynamique transféro-contre-transférentielle et intertransférentielle de la cure et en étayage également sur l’institutionnel, extérieur, faisant tiercéïté. Nous développons d’abord la diffraction du transfert sur le cadre analytique avec des aspects persécutoires, puis l’évolution progressive vers l’étayage et la transformation, amenant la mythopoïèse familiale et enfin le transfert différencié, objectal. Différents espaces psychiques sont mobilisés : intrasubjectif, intersubjectif, transsubjectif et socioculturel. Nous avons tenté de repérer quelques critères d’accès à la subjectivation : c onstruction du pare-excitation, capacité de rêverie, accès à la castration, plaisir éprouvé et partagé, humour.
Reading Skills in Children and Adults With Albinism: The Role of Visual Impairment
Authors: MacDonald John T. , Kutzbach Beth R. , Holleschau Ann M. , Wyckoff Suzanne , Summers C. Gail
Published: November 2011

Purpose:

To evaluate whether visual impairment in albinism contributes significantly to the acquisition of normal reading skills.

Methods:

The authors administered standardized reading tests to 41 children and 18 adults with albinism. The Young Children’s Achievement Test was used for children between 4 and 6 years old and the Woodcock–Johnson III was used for children 7 years and older and adults. Parents of children and adult subjects also completed a questionnaire to document developmental, academic, and/or work experiences. The Spearman test was used to evaluate the relationship between binocular best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and reading test results.

Results:

Standardized reading tests in both children and adults with albinism showed a normal distribution of scores. BCVA did not appear to play a significant role in the development of normal reading ability in these individuals who were visually impaired except for a mild correlation of decreased reading fluency on the Woodcock–Johnson III with decreased BCVA (r = 0.287,
P
= .046). Many young children with albinism had superior reading skills despite having a BCVA of 20/200 or worse (legal blindness).

Conclusion:

This study of cognitively normal children and adults with albinism demonstrates that impaired vision during childhood does not by itself significantly impede a child’s ability to acquire normal reading skills. However, the lower reading fluency that occurs in the more visually impaired individuals suggests they would benefit, both in the school system and workplace, with an accommodation involving more time to complete reading tasks.
Theoretical Performance of Intraocular Lenses Correcting Both Spherical and Chromatic Aberration
Authors: Weeber Henk A. , Piers Patricia A.
Published: November 2011

PURPOSE:

To assess the performance and optical limitations of intraocular lenses (IOLs) correcting both longitudinal spherical aberration (LSA) and longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) compared to standard spherical and aspheric IOLs.

METHODS:

Using a set of 46 white light, pseudophakic eye models representing a population of cataract patients, retinal image quality was assessed for three IOL designs—standard spherical IOLs; aspheric IOLs, correcting a fixed amount of LSA; and aspheric refractive/diffractive IOLs, correcting a fixed amount of LSA and LCA. Depth of field and tolerance to IOL misalignments were also assessed.

RESULTS:

The improvement factor, based on the area under the radial polychromatic modulation transfer function (pMTF) curve of the IOL, correcting both average LSA and LCA over the aspheric IOL was 1.19±0.12, and over the spherical IOL was 1.43±0.29. Within the range of ±1.00 diopter of defocus, pMTF of the IOL correcting both LSA and LCA was equal or higher than both the spherical and aspheric IOLs. The IOL could be decentered up to 0.6 to 0.8 mm before the performance degraded below that of a spherical IOL.

CONCLUSIONS:

This is the first study that evaluates IOLs correcting both LSA and LCA in the presence of corneal higher order aberrations. Intraocular lenses that correct both LSA and LCA improve simulated retinal image quality over spherical IOLs and IOLs that correct LSA alone, without sacrificing depth of field or tolerance to decentration. Correction of LCA in combination with LSA shows the potential to improve visual performance.
Knowledge Management of E-Government in Jordan
Authors: Almarabeh Tamara
Published: November 2011

nowadays, knowledge management is considered an essential part of any organization to prepare and develop its vision for the future. Knowledge management allows better utilization of the organization expertise, resources, and bright ideas. The science of knowledge management started when the technology revolution reached every organization. The ease and availability of information, major advancements in communication technologies, the emergence of knowledge worker, and the knowledge economy are the reasons of knowledge management development.
Improving Collaborative Learning and Global Project Management in Small and Medium Enterprise
Authors: Quade Stefanie
Published: November 2011

Globalization needs Collaboration. In a multi-national setting traditional issues of collaboration are exacerbated because of language and culture. This problem is particularly felt by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) , which are traditionally not â??natural born globals
The New Learning Strategy of the Dutch Vehicle Authority
Authors: De Vries Pieter
Published: November 2011

This case study is about the new learning strategy of the Dutch Vehicle Authority, a governmental organization. The aim was to examine this strategy, which focused on blended learning, to review the implementation issues and to survey the first experiences with this new learning model in daily practice. The pedagogical model was a mix of theories and new learning concepts with the emphasis on innovation. The developments in the project were permanently monitored and evaluated to judge how the innovation was perceived by the end users, other stake holders and decision makers. This multi-level approach was considered decisive for the viability of learning innovation. The outcome was positive. End users needed less time to prepare for their tests, and more candidates passed their test the first time. The user population was pleased with the innovation at large, but had doubts about the support at medium management level. On the basis of the outcome the management decided to use the new learning strategy as the main approach for learning and training in the RDW organization.
Contact-Dependent T Cell Activation and T Cell Stopping Require Talin1
Authors: Wernimont Sarah A. , Wiemer Andrew J. , Bennin David A. , Monkley Susan J. , Ludwig Thomas , Critchley David R. , Huttenlocher Anna
Published: November 2011

T cell–APC contact initiates T cell activation and is maintained by the integrin LFA-1. Talin1, an LFA-1 regulator, localizes to the immune synapse (IS) with unknown roles in T cell activation. In this study, we show that talin1-deficient T cells have defects in contact-dependent T cell stopping and proliferation. Although talin1-deficient T cells did not form stable interactions with APCs, transient contacts were sufficient to induce signaling. In contrast to prior models, LFA-1 polarized to T cell–APC contacts in talin1-deficient T cells, but vinculin and F-actin polarization at the IS was impaired. These results indicate that T cell proliferation requires sustained, talin1-mediated T cell–APC interactions and that talin1 is necessary for F-actin polarization and the stability of the IS.
La presse à l’épreuve du web participatif : quand la conversation ne va pas de soi
Authors: Pynson Laura
Published: November 2011

Résumé Laura Pynson propose une analyse et une réflexion qui portent sur l’adaptation des médias de presse à la nouvelle donne conversationnelle : comment les titres de la presse généraliste française organisent-ils la participation des lecteurs-contributeurs ? Et comment les lecteurs-internautes évaluent-ils les modes de participation médiatique mis en scène par les titres ? Cet article permet de bien cerner le paradoxe de la « conversation » : elle ne se décrète pas, elle n’est pas naturelle, le média doit l’encadrer pour éviter une perturbation qui pourrait s’avérer gênante pour l’éditeur comme pour les usagers. Autrement dit, la « conversation », au lieu de défaire l’idée de cadre communicationnel imposé, réactive la nécessite des médias de penser leur énonciation éditoriale et de canaliser les modes de participation. En dépit des apparences, la conversation remotive la notion de « contrat » dans le secteur du conseil en communication.
A young adult with a fulminant Staphylococcus aureus infection and multiple thrombi
Authors: Martin Eric , Frandah Wesam , Raj Rishi , Nugent Kenneth
Published: November 2011

Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) can cause skin and soft tissue infection and necrotizing pneumonia. We report a patient who developed ankle cellulitis following minor trauma and developed MRSA bacteremia, necrotizing pneumonia, respiratory failure, shock, and multiple thrombi. This case highlights the fulminant course, the possible need for empiric antibiotic coverage on admission for MRSA, and the high likelihood of thrombotic complications in these patients.
Simultaneous Chickenpox and Measles Infection among Migrant Children Who Stayed in Italy during the Second Half of June 2011
Authors: Ivić-Hofman Igor , Cvitković Ante , Kaić Bernard , Vilibić-Čavlek Tatjana , Pandak Nenad , Marić Zorana , Jurić Dragana
Published: November 2011

We are reporting on a household outbreak of measles, in which cases of simultaneous measles and chickenpox infection occured in children of a family who resided in Italy during the incubation period (June 2011). In three children, fever and generalized confluent macular rash were the dominant symptoms. Serology testing revealed simultaneous measles and chickenpox infection in four children.
Implications of the Accuracy of MEPS Prescription Drug Data for Health Services Research
Authors: Hill Steven C. , Zuvekas Samuel H. , Zodet Marc W.
Published: November 2011

This paper assesses the quality of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) drug data and the impact that misreporting prescription drug data has on descriptive and behavioral analyses. It does this by matching MEPS participants with Medicare Part D coverage during the period 2006–2007 to their Part D claims data. In the validation sample, the number of drug fills and total expenditures are reasonably accurate compared with claims. Household respondents tended to underreport the number of different drugs taken, but tended to overreport the number of fills of each drug. Behavioral analyses of the determinants of medication use and expenditures were largely unaffected because underreporting cut across most sociodemographic groups.
Optimal estimation of tropospheric H2O and δD with IASI/METOP
Authors: Schneider M. , Hase F.
Published: November 2011

Abstract. We present optimal estimates of tropospheric H2O and δD derived from radiances measured by the instrument IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer) flown on EUMETSAT's polar orbiter METOP. We document that the IASI spectra allow for retrieving H2O profiles between the surface and the upper troposphere as well as middle tropospheric δD values. A theoretical error estimation suggests a precision for H2O of better than 35% in the lower troposphere and of better than 15% in the middle and upper troposphere, respectively, whereby surface emissivity and atmospheric temperature uncertainties are the leading error sources. For the middle tropospheric δD values we estimate a precision of 15–20‰ with the measurement noise being the dominating error source. The accuracy of the IASI products is estimated to about 20–10% and 10‰ for lower to upper tropospheric H2O and middle tropospheric δD, respectively. It is limited by systematic uncertainties in the applied spectroscopic parameters and the a priori atmospheric temperature profiles. We compare our IASI products to a large number of near coincident radiosonde in-situ and ground-based FTS (Fourier Transform Spectrometer) remote sensing measurements. The bias and the scatter between the different H2O and δD data sets are consistent with the combined theoretical uncertainties of the involved measurement techniques.
Compensation Management: A strategic conduit towards achieving employee retention and Job Satisfaction in Banking Sector of Pakistan
Authors: Khan Rabia Inam , Aslam Hassan Danial , Lodhi Irfan
Published: November 2011

This paper explores some basic facts about one of the very important aspect of HRM that is Compensation Management and how it affects the job satisfaction and employee retention in banking sector of Pakistan. This paper seeks to add some contribution towards the compensation management in the banking sector of Pakistan. Researchers have analyzed the success factors of one of the leading bank of Pakistan as a case study in current research in order to explore the leading satisfactory factors, issues and challenges regarding compensation policy of the case study bank. A sample of 450 employees of case study bank has been selected for current research using questionnaire and in depth interviews as leading technique of data collection. Research reveals the changing trend of employees from financial rewards to non financial rewards as well. Along with various success factors by which bank retains its employees, results have shown that work overload, lack of practical approach towards training and seniority oriented incentive plans are some of the major issues which need immediate attention by the administration.
Knowledge Systems: A Catalyst for Innovation and Organizational Learning Support in Decision-Making for Efficiency Improvement
Authors: Ahmed AL-DUJAILI Mohammed A,
Published: November 2011

All businesses have access to an extensive pool of knowledge, whether this is their understanding of customers' needs and the business environment or the skills and experience of employees. This has led to the use of different methodologies and strategies that are based on the type of evaluation required in the work. Accordingly, these research aims tie together the concept of knowledge management (KM), decision support system (DSS) and efficiency as a way of creation of continuable competitive advantage for the firms. A conceptual model is extracted from the literature review, developed and supported by knowledge experiences of senior workers. An initial study with consolidating firms that are effective in the industrial sector of the world was a lead to validating the study model and smoothing the progress of achieving investigation of the adopted relationships by the study. Collecting data was completed via interviews with managers and knowledge workers of the firms in addition to use of the survey questionnaire which was distributed to random samples from these firms. The research characterized a strong correlation between KM, DSS, and its types. Additionally, it characterized high correlation between DSS and efficiency. Therefore, the knowledge obtained in the current study could be updated for subsequent future steps in more development to the relationships among the same variables or other variables with KM.
Bullying at work: A comprehensive definition and consequences based on an empirical study
Authors: Anjum Ambreen , Yasmeen Kausar , Yasmeen Kashifa
Published: November 2011

This paper determines a comprehensive definition of workplace bullying and explores its job-related consequences. In the present study multi- methods approach was used which consist of questionnaire and in depth interviews. Interview was used in order to investigate perception and experience of workplace bullying and questionnaire to explore the consequences of workplace bullying. Results show bullying  involves negative behaviors e.g. harassing, socially excluding someone and/or negatively effecting someone’s work tasks ,which occurs frequently and continues for period of time and victim is not only unable to control these acts but also suffer in severe health and job related consequences.
Retrospective Study of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachments Secondary to round Retinal Holes
Authors: Williams Katie M. , Dogramaci Mahmut , Williamson Tom H.
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The authors aim to analyze the incidence, characteristics, surgical management, and outcome of patients presenting to St Thomas' Hospital with a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment secondary to atrophic round retinal holes.

Methods

This is a retrospective collation of patients presenting to a single surgeon with a round hole–associated retinal detachment between 2001 and 2009. Specific collation of demographics, retinal detachment features, choice of management, complications, requirement for further surgery, and ultimate surgical success with final visual acuity is reported.

Results

Fifty-six patients with a retinal detachment secondary to a round hole were identified (4.49% incidence). The cohort had a median age of 28.9 years (range 14 to 39) and a female predominance (64%). The median spherical equivalent refractive error was −5.5 diopters (range −1 to −18). The commonest quadrant with retinal holes was the inferotemporal quadrant (40% of patients). Approximately half of our cohort were identified to have lattice degeneration at any site and in either eye. The majority of patients received an external nondrainage procedure (92%) with cryotherapy (88%) and an explant (94%). Three patients required further surgery to achieve retinal reattachment and 12% required surgery for a retinal detachment in the fellow eye. At final follow-up, 78% achieved a visual acuity of 0.18 logMAR (6/12 Snellen) or better and the median final visual acuity was 0.00 logMAR (6/6 Snellen).

Conclusions

Retinal detachments secondary to round holes have consistent characteristic features (young, myopic, female, inferior detachment). Surgical management is increasingly advocated and most achieve primary surgical success with a good final visual acuity.
-Gorenstein Projective Modules
Authors: Tamekkante Mohammed
Published: November 2011

We introduce and study the -Gorenstein projective modules, where is a projective class. These modules are a generalization of the Gorenstein projective
modules.
Next Generation Cancer Protection: The Bivalent HPV Vaccine for Females
Authors: Harper Diane M. , Vierthaler Stephen L.
Published: November 2011

Nearly a half a million women throughout the world develop cervical cancer every year Parkin and Bray (“Chapter 2. The burden of HPVrelated cancers,” Vaccine, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. S11–S25, 2006); 80% of these women are in countries without a quality-assured cytology screening program. It is in this setting that Cervarix could reduce the incidence of cervical cancer to about 9.5/100,000 women. New evidence indicates that this might be able to be accomplished with a single dose of Cervarix, a great advantage to public health implementation programs Kreimer et al. (“Proof-of-principle evaluation of the efficacy of fewer than three doses of a bivalent HPV16/18 vaccine,The Journal of the National Cancer Institute, vol. 103, no. 19, pp. 1444–1451, 2011). In countries with screening programs, adenocarcinoma is the most difficult to detect and treat with later-stage presentation and higher mortality Smith et al. (“The rising incidence of adenocarcinoma relative to squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix in the United States—a 24-year population-based study,”Gynecologic Oncology, vol. 78, no. 2, pp. 97–105, 2000) and Gunnell et al. (“A longitudinal Swedish study on screening for squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma: evidence of effectiveness and overtreatment,”Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention, vol. 16, no. 12, pp. 2641–2648, 2007). With additional cross-protection to HPV 31, 33, and 45 and protection against HPV 16 and 18 lasting at least 9.4 years, Cervarix may reduce adenocarcinomas in screened populations by more than 90%. This paper will detail the evidence about the efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of Cervarix in the studied populations contrasting public health goals with individual health options.
Numerical Study on the Strength of Pipe Joints
Authors: Chen Dai-Heng , Masuda Kenichi
Published: November 2011

With respect to the collapse behavior of joints in a steel pipe truss structure, in the present study, we carry out numerical analyses using a general-purpose FEM software package on the yield strength and the stress distribution near the connection in order to obtain information on the collapse behavior and the yield strength of joints. -joint and -joint are investigated. It is found that the joint strength is proportional to the th power of thickness of a main tube for various joints with a fixed branch-to-chord diameter ratio . The index changes with and in the range of to 0.91, to 1.55 holds with smaller values corresponding to larger . A compressive axial force along the main tube will reduce the joint strength, and it is also found that the strength-reduction ratio for -joint is almost the same as that for -joint having the same and . Also, the joint strength is influenced by the span length of the main tube. The joint strength decreases as the span length increases. However, the influence is small for small .
Ecoturismo como contribuição à gestão de Unidades de Conservação
Authors: Jesus Josângela da Silva , Selva Vanice Santiago Fragoso
Published: November 2011

O ecoturismo tem sido a modalidade do turismo que mais tem crescido, buscando nos espaços naturais levar a sociedade a ter um contato mais íntimo com a natureza e contribuindo para benefícios socioeconômicos onde acontece. Visualizando isto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a contribuição do Ecoturismo e da Educação Ambiental para a conservação de áreas naturais, através das Unidades de Conservação. Para atender ao objetivo, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre Ecoturismo, Educação Ambiental, Unidades de Conservação e temas correlatos, além de estudos de caso onde o ecoturismo trouxe benefícios para UCs e comunidades vizinhas, a fim de embasar uma discussão sobre o assunto. Percebeu-se a necessidade de aprofundamento de estudos nessa área, na tentativa de maximizar a contribuição da atividade ecoturística na gestão de UCs, conciliando o uso dos recursos naturais e culturais com a conservação dos mesmos, apresentando-se como um instrumento de educação ambiental para todos os atores envolvidos. De acordo com o Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação - SNUC, todas as UCs aceitam visitação, entretanto, cada uma limita de que forma esta visitação deve ser feita. O Parque Nacional é uma das categorias que permitem visitação para fins de recreação e turismo ecológico, sendo a visitação um dos objetivos primários de sua existência. Desta forma, é possível justificar e, principalmente, incentivar o desenvolvimento ecoturístico em áreas protegidas, em especial na categoria Parque. A importância do ecoturismo em áreas naturais protegidas é tal que está, cada vez mais, sendo considerado uma estratégia de gestão para tais áreas. Para isso, o ecoturismo deve estar a todo o momento relacionado aos seus objetivos de conservação da área. Assim, as oportunidades recreativas precisam estar bastante definidas, de forma que os gestores conheçam os recursos recreacionais oferecidos e desenvolvam ferramentas para o manejo das visitações. Portanto, é fundamental que haja um planejamento integrado do ecoturismo em Unidades de Conservação, a fim de oferecer à sociedade espaços de interação com a natureza, ao mesmo tempo que à sensibiliza para a importância da conservação dos recursos naturais. Conclui-se com isso, que o ecoturismo em Unidades de Conservação pode se constituir numa atividade sustentável, trazendo benefícios para a sociedade, para a gestão da área e para as comunidades vizinhas.
Ecoturismo no bioma caatinga: o caso do Parque Estadual da Pedra da Boca (PB)
Authors: Cavalcante Márcio Balbino
Published: November 2011

A caatinga é o único bioma exclusivamente brasileiro, grande parte do seu patrimônio biológico não pode ser encontrado em nenhum outro lugar do planeta. Este bioma está sendo alvo da exploração predatória, as principais causas seculares da degradação ambiental no bioma são a caça, as queimadas e o desmatamento para retirada de lenha, estas ações vêm de áreas sem planos efetivo de uso sustentável. Apesar de ser um bioma frágil e sob forte pressão, é o menos protegido dos biomas brasileiros, menos de 1% de sua área está protegida em Unidades de Conservação (UC’s) de uso indireto e é o bioma com o menor número de Unidades de Conservação de proteção integral. É nesse cenário que vem acontecendo o ecoturismo, beneficiando dos atrativos naturais e culturais desta área. O presente trabalho discute o desenvolvimento do ecoturismo nas áreas naturais protegidas no bioma caatinga, em especial, o Parque Estadual da Pedra da Boca, localizado no município de Araruna, Estado da Paraíba, no Planalto da Borborema, na Mesorregião Geográfica do Agreste Paraibano e na Microrregião do Curimataú Oriental, entre os paralelos 6º 31’ e 6º 33’ de Latitudes Sul e entre os meridianos de 35º 35’ e 35º 37’ de Longitudes Oeste. O PEPB é um complexo rochoso de grande beleza cênica inserido no bioma caatinga, com espécies endêmicas típicas da região, e que através do Decreto governamental Nº 20.889 de 07 de fevereiro de 2000, é uma área de proteção integral (SNUC, 2000).
AHRQ’s Healthcare Extension Service—State-Based Solutions to Health Care Improvement
Authors: Rhodes Karin Verlaine , Sessums Laura L. , Valdez R. Burciaga
Published: June 2024

This Viewpoint from AHRQ describes the plan to create a national health care extension service to disseminate actionable knowledge, with a goal to reduce the gap from evidence of clinical effectiveness to clinical practice.
Coming Home
Authors: Boscia Carolyn
Published: June 2024

In this narrative medicine essay, a pediatrician channels James Herriott as she attempts to save a hatchling in the basement with nonsterile equipment while her young daughters look on.
Cognitive Impairments in Drug-Naive Patients With First-Episode Negative Symptom–Dominant Psychosis
Authors: Zhang TianHong , Wei YanYan , Tang XiaoChen , Cui HuiRu , Hu YeGang , Xu LiHua , Liu HaiChun , Wang ZiXuan , Chen Tao , Hu Qiang , Li ChunBo , Wang JiJun
Published: June 2024

Importance

Available antipsychotic medications are predominantly used to treat positive symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions, in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP). However, treating negative and cognitive symptoms, which are closely related to functional outcomes, remains a challenge.

Objective

To explore the cognitive characteristics of patients with negative symptom–dominant (NSD) psychosis.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This large-scale cross-sectional study of patients with FEP was led by the Shanghai Mental Health Center in China from 2016 to 2021, with participants recruited from 10 psychiatric tertiary hospitals. A comprehensive cognitive assessment was performed among 788 patients with FEP who were drug-naive. Symptom profiles were determined using the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), and NSD was defined as a PANSS score for negative symptoms higher than that for positive and general symptoms. Positive symptom–dominant (PSD) and general symptom–dominant (GSD) psychosis were defined similarly. Data were analyzed in 2023.

Exposure

Psychotic symptoms were categorized into 3 groups: NSD, PSD, and GSD.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Neurocognitive performance, assessed using the Chinese version of the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia Consensus Cognitive Battery.

Results

This study included 788 individuals with FEP (median age, 22 [IQR, 17-28] years; 399 men [50.6%]). Patients with NSD exhibited more-pronounced cognitive impairment than did those with PSD or GSD. Specifically, cognitive differences between the NSD and PSD group, as well as between the NSD and GSD group, were most notable in the processing speed and attention domains (Trail Making [F = 4.410; P = .01], Symbol Coding [F = 4.957; P = .007], Verbal Learning [F = 3.198; P = .04], and Continuous Performance [F = 3.057; P = .05]). Patients with PSD and GSD showed no significant cognitive differences. Cognitive impairment was positively associated with the severity of negative symptoms. Most of the cognitive function tests used were able to differentiate patients with NSD from those with PSD and GSD, with significant differences observed across a range of tests, from Brief Visuospatial Memory Test–Revised (χ2 = 3.968; P = .05) to Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia symbol coding (χ2 = 9.765; P = .002).

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this cross-sectional study of patients with FEP suggest the presence of a clinical subtype characterized by a predominance of negative symptoms and cognitive impairment.
Epidemiologic Trends in Human Papillomavirus–Associated Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Amanian Ameen , Ishii Masaru , Fakhry Carole , London Nyall R.
Published: June 2024

Importance

Sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC) is the most commonly encountered cancer within the sinonasal cavity. Ongoing research has sought to ascertain the potential role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the pathogenesis of SNSCC.

Objective

To assess trends in HPV-associated and HPV-independent SNSCC over time, including assessment of clinical demographics, treatment patterns, and survival.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study used patient data from the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database between 1975 and 2018. Anatomic sites with a greater predilection for HPV positivity (ie, nasal cavity, ethmoid sinus) were used as a surrogate for HPV-associated SNSCC; meanwhile, patients with SNSCC in the other subsites were classified into the HPV-independent group. Data were analyzed from August 2022 to May 2023.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Clinical demographics and mortality trends over time were described for the HPV-associated and HPV-independent groups and further stratified according to stage on presentation.

Results

The study population consisted of 3752 patients with SNSCC (mean [SD] age at diagnosis, 65.7 [13.3] years; 2417 [64.4%] male), with 1983 (52.9%) having HPV-associated SNSCC and 1769 (47.1%) with HPV-independent SNSCC. Patients with HPV-associated subsites compared with patients with HPV-independent SNSCC were more likely to present with localized disease (838 [42.3%] vs 162 [9.2%]), whereas more patients in the HPV-independent group than HPV-associated group presented with regional disease (1018 [57.5%] vs 480 [24.2%]). Incidence-based mortality was stable over time within the HPV-associated group (0.32%) and, conversely, showed a significant decrease within the HPV-independent group (−2.29%). Patients with HPV-associated SNSCC had a higher 5-year overall survival when compared with the HPV-independent group (62% vs 35% [difference, 27 percentage points; 95% CI, 23-31 percentage points]). The better 5-year overall survival in the HPV-associated group vs HPV-independent group was present across all disease stages (localized: hazard ratio [HR], 2.67; 95% CI, 1.96-3.65; regional: HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.29-1.82; and distant: HR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.52-2.55).

Conclusions and Relevance

This cohort study showed that the proportion of HPV-associated SNSCC rose over time associated with both a rise in the proportion of nasal cavity SNSCC and a decrease in HPV-independent maxillary sinus SNSCC. These data suggest that HPV-associated SNSCC has a distinct demographic and prognostic profile, given the improved survival seen in patients with HPV-associated SNSCC.
Design Principles of Quinone Redox Systems for Advanced Sulfide Solid‐State Organic Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Lin Xiaodong , Apostol Petru , Xu Hewei , Bakuru Vasudeva Rao , Guo Xiaolong , Chen Zehan , Rambabu Darsi , Pal Shubhadeep , Tie Da , Zhang Yan , Xie Xinlong , Kim Seung‐Gi , Li Yi , Li Zhao , Du Mengyuan , Yan Shanshan , Zhang Xiaozhe , Yuan Ruming , Zheng Mingsen , Gauthy Fernand , Finsy Vincent , Zou Jianxin , Gohy Jean‐François , Dong Quanfeng , Vlad Alexandru
Published: June 2024

The emergence of solid‐state battery technology presents a potential solution to the dissolution challenges of high‐capacity small molecule quinone redox systems. Nonetheless, the successful integration of argyrodite‐type Li6PS5Cl, the most promising solid‐state electrolyte system, and quinone redox systems remains elusive due to their inherent reactivity. Here, a library of quinone derivatives is selected as model electrode materials to ascertain the critical descriptors governing the (electro)chemical compatibility and subsequently the performances of Li6PS5Cl‐based solid‐state organic lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Compatibility is attained if the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level of the quinone derivative is sufficiently higher than the highest occupied molecular orbital level of Li6PS5Cl. The energy difference is demonstrated to be critical in ensuring chemical compatibility during composite electrode preparation and enable high‐efficiency operation of solid‐state organic LMBs. Considering these findings, a general principle is proposed for the selection of quinone derivatives to be integrated with Li6PS5Cl, and two solid‐state organic LMBs, based on 2,5‐diamino‐1,4‐benzoquinone and 2,3,5,6‐tetraamino‐1,4‐benzoquinone, are successfully developed and tested for the first time. Validating critical factors for the design of organic battery electrode materials is expected to pave the way for advancing the development of high‐efficiency and long cycle life solid‐state organic batteries based on sulfides electrolytes.
Photopolymerization Approach to Advanced Polymer Composites: Integration of Surface‐Modified Nanofillers for Enhanced Properties
Authors: Peng Xiaotong , Zhang Jing , Xiao Pu
Published: June 2024

The incorporation of functionalized nanofillers into polymers via photopolymerization approach has gained significant attention in recent years due to the unique properties of the resulting composite materials. Surface modification of nanofillers plays a crucial role in their compatibility and polymerization behavior within the polymer matrix during photopolymerization. This review focuses on the recent developments in surface modification of various nanofillers, enabling their integration into polymer systems through photopolymerization. The review discusses the key aspects of surface modification of nanofillers, including the selection of suitable surface modifiers, such as photoinitiators and polymerizable groups, as well as the optimization of modification conditions to achieve desired surface properties. The influence of surface modification on the interfacial interactions between nanofillers and the polymer matrix is also explored, as it directly impacts the final properties of the nanocomposites. Furthermore, the review highlights the applications of nanocomposites prepared by photopolymerization, such as sensors, gas separation membranes, purification systems, optical devices, and biomedical materials. By providing a comprehensive overview of the surface modification strategies and their impact on the photopolymerization process and the resulting nanocomposite properties, this review aims to inspire new research directions and innovative ideas in the development of high‐performance polymer nanocomposites for diverse applications.
2D Graphene Oxide Films Expand Functionality of Photonic Chips
Authors: Wu Jiayang , Zhang Yuning , Hu Junkai , Yang Yunyi , Jin Di , Liu Wenbo , Huang Duan , Jia Baohua , Moss David J.
Published: June 2024

On‐chip integration of 2D materials with unique structures and properties endow integrated devices with new functionalities and improved performance. With high flexibility in ways to modify its properties and compatibility with integrated platforms, graphene oxide (GO) is an exceptionally attractive 2D material for hybrid integrated photonic chips. Here, by harnessing unique property changes induced by photothermal effects in 2D GO films, novel functionalities beyond the capability of photonic integrated circuits are demonstrated. These include all‐optical control and tuning, optical power limiting, and nonreciprocal light transmission. The 2D layered GO films are integrated onto photonic chips with precise control of their thickness and size. Benefitting from the broadband optical response of 2D GO films, all three functionalities feature a very wide operational optical bandwidth. By fitting the experimental results with theory, the changes in GO film properties induced by the photothermal effects are analyzed, revealing interesting insights about the physics of 2D GO films. These results highlight the versatility of 2D GO films in implementing new functions for integrated photonic devices for a wide range of applications.
g‐C3N4 Photocatalyzed Decarboxylative Oxidation of Carboxylic Acids and the Oxidation of Alkenes and Alkanes
Authors: Bishi Sangita , Sankar Lenka Bhabani , Kreitmeier Peter , Reiser Oliver , Sarkar Debayan
Published: June 2024

The decarboxylative oxygenation of readily available carboxylic acids as well as the oxidation of alkenes and alkanes has been accomplished through visible light using g‐C3N4 as a robust and recyclable catalyst. The scalable protocol furnishes an array of aldehydes and ketones under mild reaction conditions, requiring only molecular oxygen as an oxidant. Notably, no addition of stochiometric amounts of base is required, and furthermore, the reaction proceeds efficiently open to the air.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Aerobic γ‐C(sp3)−H Lactamization Using a NOx‐based Redox Mediator
Authors: Jia Kai , Tu Yang‐Yang , Low Kam‐Hung , Luo Jun , Jiang Chao
Published: June 2024

Herein, we report a Pd‐catalyzed aerobic lactamization of unactivated γ‐C(sp3)−H bonds of aliphatic carboxylic acids and amino acids derivatives. The utilization of Pd(OAc)2 as a catalyst, along with catalytic AgNO2 as an electron transfer mediator, circumvents the need for stoichiometric oxidants and demonstrates significant practicality.
Twelve‐month outcomes following temperature‐controlled radiofrequency treatment of the septal swell body for nasal airway obstruction
Authors: Pritikin Jordan , Silvers Stacey , Rosenbloom Jeffrey , Davis Bryan , Signore Anthony Del , Sedaghat Ahmad R. , Tajudeen Bobby A. , Schmale Isaac , Chandra Rakesh
Published: June 2024

Background

Improved nasal airway obstruction (NAO) symptoms were reported at 3 months following temperature‐controlled radiofrequency (TCRF) treatment of the septal swell body (SSB). This report provides results from assessments of the long‐term safety and efficacy of TCRF treatment of SSB hypertrophy to treat NAO through 12 months posttreatment.

Methods

This prospective, multicenter, long‐term, open‐label study was conducted in nine centers within the United States and included patients with severe/extreme NAO attributed to SSB hypertrophy. Outcome measures included assessments of Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation Score (NOSE), Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) ease‐of‐breathing, patient satisfaction, and adverse events at 6 and 12 months.

Results

Of the 70 patients treated, 65 and 62 patients completed the 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐up assessments. Compared to baseline, there was a 67.5% decrease in adjusted mean NOSE scores at 6 months (mean change −49.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] −54.8 to −44.4; p < 0.001) and a 65.4% decrease at 12 months (mean change −48.1, 95% CI −53.7 to −42.5); p < 0.001), which is consistent with previously published 3‐month results. A 62.0% and 62.5% improvement compared to baseline was observed in the NRS ease‐of‐breathing score at 6 and 12 months, respectively (p < 0.001). No serious adverse were reported overall and no new device‐ or procedure‐related adverse events were reported in the interval between 3 and 12 months posttreatment.

Conclusion

TCRF treatment of SSB hypertrophy has a significant and durable effect on improving the symptoms of NAO and health‐related quality of life in patients with symptoms of nasal obstruction and congestion through 12 months postprocedure.