bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent advances in the synthesis of oxaspirolactones and their application in the total synthesis of related natural products
Authors: Thorat Sagar S. , Kontham Ravindar
Published: July 2019

Oxaspirolactones are ubiquitous structural motifs found in natural products and synthetic molecules with a diverse biochemical and physicochemical profile, and represent a valuable target in natural product chemistry and medicinal chemistry.
Preparation of DNA functional phosphorescent quantum dots and application in melamine detection in milk
Authors: Miao Yanming , Wang Ruirui , Sun Xiaojie , Yan Guiqin
Published: July 2019

Preparation of phosphorescent quantum dots taking single-stranded DNA as a template and their application to melamine detection in milk.
Regulating C–C coupling in thermocatalytic and electrocatalytic COxconversion based on surface science
Authors: Jiang Yawen , Long Ran , Xiong Yujie
Published: July 2019

This article outlines the recent advances in catalyst design for controlling C–C coupling in syngas conversion, CO2hydrogenation and CO2electroreduction from the viewpoint of surface science.
“Bubble-linking-bubble” hybrid fibers filled with ultrafine TiN: a robust and efficient platform achieving fast kinetics, strong ion anchoring and high areal loading for selenium sulfide
Authors: Han Bing , Li Xiaolong , Zhou Yang , Gao Xiaohui , Qu Weili , Zhang Sen , Deng Chao
Published: July 2019

A “bubble-linking-bubble” hybrid fiber is an efficient host for selenium sulfide to achieve superior high rate capability and excellent cycling stability.
Chitosan/reduced graphene oxide-modified spacer fabric as a salt-resistant solar absorber for efficient solar steam generation
Authors: Wang Fei , Wei Dongyuan , Li Yuanzhen , Chen Tao , Mu Peng , Sun Hanxue , Zhu Zhaoqi , Liang Weidong , Li An
Published: July 2019

Solar steam generation by direct harvesting of light irradiation has emerged as one of most efficient technologies for utilization of solar energy and production of fresh water.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive biomaterials mediate tissue microenvironments and tissue regeneration
Authors: Yao Yuejun , Zhang Haolan , Wang Zhaoyi , Ding Jie , Wang Shuqin , Huang Baiqiang , Ke Shifeng , Gao Changyou
Published: July 2019

ROS-responsive biomaterials alleviate the oxidative stress in tissue microenvironments, promoting tissue regeneration and disease therapy.
Light-activated drug release from a hyaluronic acid targeted nanoconjugate for cancer therapy
Authors: Sun Chun-Yang , Zhang Bei-Bei , Zhou Jia-Yan
Published: July 2019

A hyaluronic acid targeted nanoconjugate was developed for efficient cancer therapy through phototriggered drug release in CD44-overexpressing cancer cells.
Side-chain engineering of wide-bandgap polymers based on benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene and [2,2′-bithiophene]-4,4′-dicarboxylate for fullerene-free organic solar cells
Authors: Wang Qi , Li Miaomiao , Sui Ying , Wang Zhongli , Liang Ziqi , Geng Yanhou
Published: July 2019

Six wide-bandgap polymers with different side chains on both benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene and [2,2′-bithiophene]-4,4′-dicarboxylate units for efficient fullerene-free organic solar cells.
Voltage‐driven 1 × 2 multimode interference optical switch in InP/inGaAsP
Authors: Cardarelli Simone , Calabretta Nicola , Stabile Ripalta , Williams Kevin
Published: July 2019

A voltage‐driven InP/InGaAsP 1 × 2 optical switch based on multimode interference (MMI) is proposed and numerically studied. In plane shift of the optical field across the output cross‐section of a multimode waveguide enables optical switching between two symmetric output waveguides. Two twin electrodes on top of the multimode waveguide are tuned with reverse bias voltage to switch output port by reconfiguration of the refractive index profile. The optical switching mechanism and the design method are explained through a modal analysis of the wide perturbed waveguide. An optical switch design with an input waveguide width of 20 µm, output waveguide widths of 8 µm, and electrode length of 1.3 mm is proposed. The numerical prediction of the device performance is provided by combining a calibrated model of the voltage‐perturbed refractive index and absorption with electrical and optical solvers. Simulation results show that an extinction ratio of 29 dB can be achieved at an optical wavelength of 1550 nm and with a switching voltage of −12 V.
Distribution systems resilience enhancement via pre‐ and post‐event actions
Authors: Taheri Babak , Safdarian Amir , Moeini‐Aghtaie Moein , Lehtonen Matti
Published: July 2019

Recently, resilience studies have become an indispensable tool for sustainable operation of energy infrastructure. In line with the need, this study presents a mathematical model to enhance resilience level of power distribution systems against natural disasters. The model is designed as a three‐stage algorithm according to system operators’ actions. The first stage schedules pre‐event actions. At this stage, forecasts about the approaching disaster as well as fragility curves of system components are used to identify failure probability of system components. The failure probabilities are used to trip out the lines as much as possible to defensively operate the distribution network, and advantages of alternatives such as distributed energy resources and normally‐open switches are taken to serve critical loads. The second stage is to monitor system operating conditions during the event and identify the status of system components. The third stage mainly focuses on scheduling post‐event actions. At this stage, based on real data about different elements of the network, available alternatives are taken to restore as much critical load as possible. To evaluate performance of the model, it is applied to a distribution test system and the results are discussed in detail.
Fast algorithm for designing unimodular sequence and related mismatched filter with flexible correlation properties
Authors: Sun Yinghao , Liu Quanhua , Cai Jinjian , Long Teng
Published: July 2019

Unimodular (i.e. constant modulus) sequences with good correlation properties are useful in many areas like communication and radar/sonar. However, several algorithms for designing unimodular sequences with the minimisation of correlation sidelobes, which usually cost a lot of calculation time and hardware resources, are not suitable for real‐time applications. Here, a fast algorithm, the inversion of the shaped output with a mismatched filter (ISO‐MMF), is proposed to suppress correlation sidelobes to the designed level over specified regions. The closed‐form solution is presented to give a fast implementation without thousands of iterations. Several experiments are also conducted to illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method. The theoretical evaluation and experiments show that the proposed ISO‐MMF significantly improves the effectiveness of minimising correlation sidelobes and yields better results than existing methods.
Ionospheric correction of ALOS‐2 full‐aperture ScanSAR interferometric data for surface deformation measurement in Beijing
Authors: Ning Jiaqi , Wang Robert , Wang Jili , Zhang Bowen , Zhao Shuang
Published: July 2019

Ionospheric disturbance is one of the most serious factors that limit the accuracy of deformation measurement of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) especially for spaceborne SAR systems in low frequency such as L‐band. Especially in imaging modes with a large coverage, ScanSAR mode for example, ionospheric disturbance phase screen almost submerges other useful geographical information. In this study, two ALOS‐2 (L‐band) full‐aperture ScanSAR images (October 2015 and October 2016) are used to study ground deformation in Beijing from 2015 to 2016. The split range‐spectrum technique is adopted to extract ionospheric distortion. The authors splice the differential interferograms of adjacent subswaths by resampling them to perform the overall ionospheric extraction. Also non‐local filtering is used to improve the coherence of interferograms. Spatial deformation distribution that was obtained by differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (D‐InSAR) technique using the two ALOS‐2 ScanSAR images is highly consistent with the result obtained by persistent scatterer interferometric synthetic aperture radar (PS‐InSAR) technique using Sentinel Tops mode images (October 2015–February 2017). The comparison results show the effectiveness of the ionospheric distortion extraction method used in this study. Moreover, the spatial distribution is also highly consistent with the results before 2014, which means that the deformation trend in Beijing continues.
Adaptive high‐degree cubature Kalman filter in the presence of unknown measurement noise covariance matrix
Authors: Xu Hong , Yuan Huadong , Duan Keqing , Xie Wenchong , Wang Yongliang
Published: July 2019

Here, the authors address the state estimation problem of non‐linear systems in the presence of unknown measurement noise (MN) covariance matrix. Recently, a high‐degree cubature Kalman filter (HCKF) has been successfully used in the non‐linear‐state estimation problem with arbitrary degrees of accuracy in computing the spherical and radial integrals. However, the efficiency of the HCKF depends on a priori knowledge of the MN. To improve the performance of HCKF for non‐linear systems with unknown MN covariance matrix, the authors proposed an adaptive HCKF, which combines the high‐degree cubature rule with the variational Bayesian (VB) method to jointly estimate the system state and the unknown covariance matrix online. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed filter.
Signatures from a merging galaxy cluster and its AGN population: LOFAR observations of Abell 1682
Authors: Clarke A. O. , Scaife A. M. M. , Shimwell T. , van Weeren R. J. , Bonafede A. , Heald G. , Brunetti G. , Cantwell T. M. , de Gasperin F. , Brüggen M. , Botteon A. , Hoeft M. , Horellou C. , Cassano R. , Harwood J. J. , Röttgering H. J. A.
Published: July 2019

We present LOFAR data from 110–180 MHz of the merging galaxy cluster Abell 1682, alongside archival optical, radio, and X-ray data. Our images of 6 arcsec in resolution at low frequencies reveal new structures associated with numerous radio galaxies in the cluster. At a resolution of 20 arcsec we see diffuse emission throughout the cluster over hundreds of kiloparsecs, indicating particle acceleration mechanisms are in play as a result of the cluster merger event and powerful active galactic nuclei. We show that a significant part of the cluster emission is from an old radio galaxy with very steep spectrum emission (having a spectral index of α <  −2.5). Furthermore, we identify a new region of diffuse steep-spectrum emission (α <  −1.1) as a candidate for a radio halo which is co-spatial with the centre of the cluster merger. We suggest its origin as a population of old and mildly relativistic electrons left over from radio galaxies throughout the cluster which have been re-accelerated to higher energies by shocks and turbulence induced by the cluster merger event. We also note the discovery of six new giant radio galaxies in the vicinity of Abell 1682.
Origin of the chromospheric three-minute oscillations in sunspot umbrae
Authors: Felipe T.
Published: July 2019

Context. Sunspot umbrae show a change in the dominant period of their oscillations from five minutes (3.3 mHz) in the photosphere to three minutes (5.5 mHz) in the chromosphere.

Aims. In this paper, we explore the two most popular models proposed to explain the three-minute oscillations: the chromospheric acoustic resonator and the propagation of waves with frequency above the cutoff value directly from lower layers.

Methods. We employ numerical simulations of wave propagation from the solar interior to the corona. Waves are driven by a piston at the bottom boundary. We have performed a parametric study of the measured chromospheric power spectra in a large number of numerical simulations with differences in the driving method, the height of the transition region (or absence of transition region), the strength of the vertical magnetic field, and the value of the radiative cooling time.

Results. We find that both mechanisms require the presence of waves with periods in the three-minute band at the photosphere. These waves propagate upward and their amplitude increases due to the drop of the density. Their amplification is stronger than that of evanescent low-frequency waves. This effect is enough to explain the dominant period observed in chromospheric spectral lines. However, waves are partially trapped between the photosphere and the transition region, forming an acoustic resonator. This chromospheric resonant cavity strongly enhances the power in the three-minute band.

Conclusions. The chromospheric acoustic resonator model and the propagation of waves in the three-minute band directly from the photosphere can explain the observed chromospheric three-minute oscillations. They are both important in different scenarios. Resonances are produced by waves trapped between the temperature minimum and the transition region. Strong magnetic fields and radiative losses remove energy from the waves inside the cavity, resulting in resonances with weaker amplitude.
GAMA+KiDS: Alignment of galaxies in galaxy groups and its dependence on galaxy scale
Authors: Georgiou Christos , Chisari Nora Elisa , Fortuna Maria Cristina , Hoekstra Henk , Kuijken Konrad , Joachimi Benjamin , Vakili Mohammadjavad , Bilicki Maciej , Dvornik Andrej , Erben Thomas , Giblin Benjamin , Heymans Catherine , Napolitano Nicola R. , Shan HuanYuan
Published: July 2019

Intrinsic galaxy alignments are a source of bias for weak lensing measurements as well as a tool for understanding galaxy formation and evolution. In this work, we measure the alignment of shapes of satellite galaxies, in galaxy groups, with respect to the brightest group galaxy (BGG), as well as alignments of the BGG shape with the satellite positions, using the highly complete Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) spectroscopic survey and deep imaging from the Kilo Degree Survey. We control systematic errors with dedicated image simulations and measure accurate shapes using the DEIMOS shape measurement method. We find a significant satellite radial alignment signal, which vanishes at large separations from the BGG. We do not identify any strong trends of the signal with galaxy absolute magnitude or group mass. The alignment signal is dominated by red satellites. We also find that the outer regions of galaxies are aligned more strongly than their inner regions, by varying the radial weight employed during the shape measurement process. This behaviour is evident for both red and blue satellites. BGGs are also found to be aligned with satellite positions, with this alignment being stronger when considering the innermost satellites, using red BGGs and the shape of the outer region of the BGG. Lastly, we measure the global intrinsic alignment signal in the GAMA sample for two different radial weight functions and find no significant difference.
Disintegration of active asteroid P/2016 G1 (PANSTARRS)
Authors: Hainaut Olivier R. , Kleyna Jan T. , Meech Karen J. , Boslough Mark , Micheli Marco , Wainscoat Richard , Dela Cruz Marielle , Keane Jacqueline V. , Sahu Devendra K. , Bhatt Bhuwan C.
Published: July 2019

We report on the catastrophic disintegration of P/2016 G1 (PANSTARRS), an active asteroid, in April 2016. Deep images over three months show that the object is made up of a central concentration of fragments surrounded by an elongated coma, and presents previously unreported sharp arc-like and narrow linear features. The morphology and evolution of these characteristics independently point toward a brief event on 2016 March 6. The arc and the linear feature can be reproduced by large particles on a ring, moving at ~2.5 m s−1. The expansion of the ring defines a cone with a ~40° half-opening. We propose that the P/2016 G1 was hit by a small object which caused its (partial or total) disruption, and that the ring corresponds to large fragments ejected during the final stages of the crater formation.
The need for active region disconnection in 3D kinematic dynamo simulations
Authors: Whitbread T. , Yeates A. R. , Muñoz-Jaramillo A.
Published: July 2019

In this paper we address a discrepancy between the surface flux evolution in a 3D kinematic dynamo model and a 2D surface flux transport model that has been closely calibrated to the real Sun. We demonstrate that the difference is due to the connectivity of active regions to the toroidal field at the base of the convection zone, which is not accounted for in the surface-only model. Initially, we consider the decay of a single active region, firstly in a simplified Cartesian 2D model and subsequently the full 3D model. By varying the turbulent diffusivity profile in the convection zone, we find that increasing the diffusivity – so that active regions are more rapidly disconnected from the base of the convection zone – improves the evolution of the surface field. However, if we simulate a full solar cycle, we find that the dynamo is unable to sustain itself under such an enhanced diffusivity. This suggests that in order to accurately model the solar cycle, we must find an alternative way to disconnect emerging active regions, whilst conserving magnetic flux.
Assessing solar resource and photovoltaic production in Tahiti from ground-based measurements
Authors: Hopuare Marania , Lucas-Svay Lorène , Ortega Pascal , Lucas Franck , Laurent Victoire
Published: July 2019

This study focuses on the solar resource available at Faaa, Tahiti (17.5°S, 149.5°W) thanks to 10 year-long solar irradiance time series. Faaa’s global horizontal irradiance ranges from 14 MJ.m-2.day-1 (June) to 21 MJ.m-2.day-1 (November) in agreement with the sun’s annual path, while clearness index ranges from 0.5 (January) to 0.67 (July), in agreement with the wet and dry seasons. The Global Solar Atlas satellite-derived dataset shows acceptable relative error when compared to Faaa in situ measurements. This product could then be used for other coastal areas of Tahiti. The annual energy output of a single PV module is 256.7 kWh, which corresponds to 7 % of the annual consumption of a typical household in Tahiti. The capacity factor reaches 22.5 %, which makes Faaa a good site for harnessing solar resource.
An equivalent modeling method for Offshore Wind Farms based on fault characteristics analysis
Authors: Tang Haiyan , Li Guanglei , Qu Linan , Li Yan
Published: July 2019

A large offshore wind farm usually consists of dozens or even hundreds of wind turbines. Due to the limitation of the simulation scale, it is necessary to develop an equivalent model of offshore wind farms for power system studies. At present, the aggregation method is widely adopted for wind farm equivalent modeling. In this paper, the topology, electrical parameters, operating conditions and individual turbine characteristics of the offshore wind farms are taken into consideration. Firstly, the output power distribution of offshore wind farm, the voltage distribution of the collector system and the fault ride-through characteristics of wind turbines are analyzed. Then, a dynamic equivalent modeling method for offshore wind farms is developed based on the fault characteristics analysis. Finally, the proposed method is validated through time-domain simulation.
Reuse of volcanic mud to controlled low-strength materials with cement and alkali-activated slag binders
Authors: Huang Chung-Ho , Fang Hao-Yu
Published: July 2019

This paper aims to evaluate the applicability of volcanic mud as the fine aggregate for controlled low-strength material (CLSM) by the experimental method. Two types of binder were selected, including cement and alkali-activated slag binders (without cement). The study mainly explored the effects of different addition rates of volcanic mud and different concentrations of alkaline agents (sodium hydroxide) on the engineering properties of CLSM. The test results show that the CLSMs with cement and volcanic mud have better workability and less water bleeding. However, the compressive strength of CLSM decreases as the replacement rate of volcanic mud increases, and the setting time also increases. The replacement rate of volcanic mud is recommended to be 20%. The volcanic mud mixed with the alkali-activated slag binder (without cement) can be successfully made into CLSM. When the concentration of sodium oxide in CLSM is 5%, although the compressive strength is highest at 7 days or 28 days, it cannot be hardened at the early age (before four days) and without compressive strength. CLSM with 20% sodium oxide concentration has poor workability. Its compressive strength is slightly lower than that of the 10% group. Therefore, the amount of calcium hydroxide recommended is 10%.
Environmental benefits of modern power system and clean energy
Authors: Ndayishimiye Vedaste , Zhang Xu , Nibagwire Deborah , Simiyu Patrobers , Dushimimana Giovanni , Bikorimana Sefu
Published: July 2019

Nowadays, the world is at a critical moment of facing serious environmental and economic problems. A very large number of people in developing countries is exposed to dangers associated with flammability and toxicity of traditional source of energy while others in industrialized countries are facing the effects of atmospheric air pollution and green house (GHG) gas emission .Despite the global reforestation policies, despite latest remarkable increase in renewable energy and natural gas production, there is still a problem of domination fuel and coal consumption. This paper explored the effects of rapid economic growth, industrial development on climate. Additionally the effects of continuous exponential population growth, a fast increase of energy global energy demand, conventional transport system on carbon and GHG emission have discussed. Finally the paper revealed how modern smart electricity system with sustainable energy system and electric transport system contribute to the reduction of hazardous emission.
Model of medium-term forecasting of energy mix in Poland
Authors: Sowiński Janusz
Published: July 2019

The paper presents analyses based on data published by ARE S.A. (Energy Market Agency) concerning the balance and structure of electricity generation. The data include monthly amount of energy generated by main activity power plants (thermal, hydropower and wind), independent power producers and industrial combined heat and power plants. The forecasting method based on Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) provides a tool for making a short-term forecast of electricity generation, together with its structure, by means of which it is possible to analyze the energy mix. The results of estimation and verification of the above-mentioned model are presented as well as selected forecast results.
The use of a solution of the inverse heat conduction problem to monitor thermal stresses
Authors: Taler Jan , Dzierwa Piotr , Jaremkiewicz Magdalena , Taler Dawid , Kaczmarski Karol , Trojan Marcin
Published: July 2019

Thick-wall components of the thermal power unit limit maximum heating and cooling rates during start-up or shut-down of the unit. A method of monitoring the thermal stresses in thick-walled components of thermal power plants is presented. The time variations of the local heat transfer coefficient on the inner surface of the pressure component are determined based on the measurement of the wall temperature at one or six points respectively for one- and three-dimensional unsteady temperature fields in the component. The temperature sensors are located close to the internal surface of the component. A technique for measuring the fastchanging fluid temperature was developed. Thermal stresses in pressure components with complicated shapes can be computed using FEM (Finite Element Method) based on experimentally estimated fluid temperature and heat transfer coefficient
Energy storage using underground mining caverns
Authors: Szabłowski Łukasz , Krawczyk Piotr , Badyda Krzysztof
Published: July 2019

In recent years, due to the very intensive development of renewable sources (working in a very irregular and unpredictable way), energy storage has acquired a special importance for the stability of the power system. There are many methods of energy storage, but only two have adequate capacity and power: Pumped Hydro Storage (PHS) and Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES). The article presents energy analysis of energy storage system based on compressed air inside underground mining caverns. A dynamic mathematical model of CAES system of parameters and structure similar to the Huntorf type power plant was constructed. Filling and emptying of the cavern with compressed air was numerically simulated. Balance calculations for selected configuration of the system was performed. Four different equations were used to describe the efficiency of the storage.
Implementation of Energy Harvesting System of Wastes of Compressed Air Wastes for Electrical Steel Cutting Line
Authors: Gryboś Dominik , Leszczyski Jacek S.
Published: July 2019

The pneumatic systems are commonly used in industrial plants to power pneumatic machines and tools. However, since production of compressed air is quite expensive, manufacturing plants are trying to reduce the operating costs of pneumatic systems by improving their energy efficiency. There are three main methods of reducing costs in these systems: averting energy losses, limiting input energy and harvesting energy wastes of compressed air. In this article, the authors focus on the last method mentioned above - recovering energy wastes from cutting line of electrical steel in a production plant, by using their own invention. The maximum power Pe of the device is changing from 190 W to 60 W and it depends on the value of overpressure in the tank. In one hour, the device generates about 0.07 kWh energy and uses about 3.8 m3of air in overpressure of 6 bar.
The impact of capital structure on the market value of energy sector companies on the example of companies from Poland
Authors: Ranosz Robert
Published: July 2019

The focus of this article is to analyse the impact of capital structure on the value of energy sector companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The proposed study will cover the last four years, i.e. 2014-2017, in quarterly terms. In addition to the mentioned capital structure parameter, the analysis also covers such indicators as return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA). The study will use multiple regression based on the deltas of the respective parameters describing their changes quarter-to-quarter. The author of this publication assumes that capital structure may have an impact on the value of energy sector companies. The assumption is based on the market phenomenon whereby capital structure seems to reflect to a certain extent the risk incurred by investors: on the one hand, the higher the share of borrowed capital in financing an enterprise’s operations, the higher the risk; on the other hand, the higher the proportion of equity in the financing of corporate operations, the lower the chance for dividends to be paid to investors in the respective companies. Investigating the mentioned phenomenon will make it possible, to a certain extent, to answer the question of whether Polish investors are more willing to accept investment risk in exchange for a higher return on investment or whether they would rather limit investment risk and yield lower profit from the capital invested in a given enterprise.
Investigation of flow non-uniformities in the cross-flow heat exchanger with elliptical tubes
Authors: Łopata Stanisław , Ocłoń Paweł , Stelmach Tomasz
Published: July 2019

In heat exchangers, especially those with the cross-flow arrangement, it is nearly impossible to achieve the uniform distribution of the working fluid in the tubular space with the currently used inlet and outlet chambers (in some constructions as well). The improper inflow conditions to individual tubes, including those with an elliptical cross-section - often used because of their favorable features compared to round tubes, is the cause of improper heat transfer. In this respect, transitional flow is of particular importance. This flow regime is complex and challenging to model. Therefore, it is necessary to perform experimental verification. For this purpose, an appropriate stand was built, allowing to investigate the flow of the working fluid (water) to the elliptical tubes in the cross-current heat exchanger. The paper presents the results of measurements for manifold geometry, which are currently used in practice (for heat exchanger constructions). The analysis of the measurement data confirms the nonuniform flow distribution to individual tubes of the heat exchanger.
Adsorption bed configurations for adsorption cooling application
Authors: Stefański Sebastian , Mika Łukasz , Sztekler Karol , Kalawa Wojciech , Lis Łukasz , Nowak Wojciech
Published: July 2019

Important parameters used for adsorption chillers, e.g. cooling capacity, coefficient of performance, are strictly dependent on heat and mass transfer conditions between adsorbent mass and the cooling/heating medium. With the aim of energy efficiency increasing it is essential to reduce heat transfer resistance. Different bed configurations and heat exchangers constructions are recommended for adsorption bed application. In the paper the review of commonly used adsorption bed configurations, i.e. loose-grain beds or fixed beds, is presented. Also, different heat exchangers for adsorption technology were described. The characteristic features of commonly applied constructions, both for commercial use and scientific research, were presented. The experimental studies presented in the literature were investigated and the substantial conclusions from the literature review are mentioned. Also, the proposition of new adsorption bed construction using the binder and additives was mentioned.
Structural changes in small power boilers over the last years
Authors: Bartoszewicz Jarosław
Published: July 2019

The aim of this research is to assess the construction of lowtemperature solid fuel boilers with special consideration of changes in their construction over the last years. The results contained in this paper are based on analysis of production program of 130 coal boilers manufacturers from Poland. Attributes which are the main subject of comparison and their classify with reference to compatibility with standards requirements consists with parameters indicating energetic properties of construction such as fuel consumption, heating surface, thermal load of heating surface, boiler efficiency, boiler mass, water capacity, slow-burning, and others. Results are compiled in tables and figures which allows comparing to compare construction features boilers in the same standard class. The main reason for this analysis is to show the direction of boiler industry evolution. These results can be used as construction data for new boilers, or to evaluate already existing boiler.
Improving the properties of Li4Ti5O12- a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Olszewska Danuta , Niewiedział Jakub , Boczkowski Jakub
Published: July 2019

Two materials with the stoichiometric composition Li3.85Ni0.15Ti5O12and Li3.80Cu0.05Ni0.15Ti5O12were obtained by solid-state reaction using lithium carbonate Li2CO3, titanium oxide TiO2, nickel oxide NiO and copper oxide CuO. The materials were characterized in terms of phase composition, crystal structure as well as cycle performance. Phase composition and crystal structure parameters were determined using X-ray Panalytical Empyrean XRD diffractometer in the range of 10-110° with CuKa radiation. The results were analyzed using Rietveld refinement which was then implemented in the GSAS computer software. The electrochemical properties of the samples were measured by galvanostatic charge/discharge cycles at different rates over a voltage range of 1.0-2.5 V and 0.2-2.5 V. Cyclic voltammetry measurements were also carried out. It was proved that the addition of both Ni and Cu results in high specific capacity of LTO especially at high current rates (2C and 5C). The sample Li3.80Cu0.05Ni0.15Ti5O12delivers superior capacity above 200 mAh·g-1when discharged to 0.2 V.
Development of novel air electrode materials for the SOFC and SOEC technologies
Authors: Niemczyk Anna , Świerczek Konrad
Published: July 2019

One of major goals in the development of solid oxide fuel cells and its reversible mode, solid oxide electrolyzer cells, is related to a decrease of the operating temperature, down to the intermediate range (600-800 °C) or even lower temperatures. However, this reduction causes an increase of the polarization resistance, especially for the air electrode, which results in a significant decline of the efficiency of the device. Therefore, it is essential to obtain new, thermally and chemically stable materials with the high ionic-electronic conductivity and good catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction working in the decreased temperature range. At the same time, environmental and economic aspects have to be considered in the development of the new compounds. Promising cobalt-free electrode materials can be Cu-based oxides with the perovskite and perovskite-related structures.
Electricity used as additional medium for household supplementary space heating
Authors: Andruszkiewicz Jerzy , Lorenc Józef , Maćkowiak Agnieszka
Published: July 2019

This article analyses the potential of using electricity for supplementary heating purposes in households during low outside temperatures periods. Space heating using solid state fossil fuels, causes significant pollution of the local environment. In order to assess the potential of replacing fossil fuels with electricity for the supplementary heating purposes, the conditions determining financially reasonable exchanges of the main energy carrier consumption for heating purposes into electricity were analysed as a result of a change in price of this substitute. The concept of cross price elasticity of demand was used to reflect the current price conditions for energy carriers exchange and its values were determined for the energy contained in the most frequently used carriers for heating purposes, in relation to changes in electricity prices. The possible reduction in average electricity prices was considered, resulting from tariff change from a single zone to a two-zone tariff in the case of storage heater use, consuming electricity only in the off-peak zone. What is more, the potential of anti-smog tariff implemented in 2018 concerning the considered aspect was also analysed.
The Tajikistan Project: Energy for Education
Authors: Stinia Hubert , Maraszek Joanna , Ścierska Anna , Odinabekov Muhammadjon , Rajabov Dilshod , Nabieva Dlinoza , Anvarova Gulnora , Dudek Magdalena , Raźniak Andrzej , Szpyt Paulina
Published: July 2019

This paper presents the main results of a project aimed at developing educational materials (lectures, laboratory exercises, and e-learning materials) in the field of renewable and hydrogen energy for the students of the Tajik Technical University. Special emphasis was placed on the exchange of knowledge and experience with respect to scientific achievement and education in renewable energy and energy storage technologies. The design and construction of a special educational installation of off-grid distributed power systems designed for the practice of exercises is described. An autonomous solar lamp system powered by PV solar panels is described in operation under in-field conditions. The laboratory setup consisted of 150W photovoltaic solar panels, an accumulator-type battery, an electronic charge monitoring system, and a Raspberry Pi microcomputer, enabling the real-time monitoring of PV system parameters (measurement of the voltage, current, and power generated by PV panels) as well as the archiving of data transmitted via the internet to the SQL database.
Contents of Ecotoxic Elements in Polish Coking Bituminous Coals and in Products of Coking
Authors: Burmistrz Piotr , Dziok Tadeusz , Makowska Dorota , Wierońska Faustyna , Strugała Andrzej
Published: July 2019

Ecotoxic elements include the ones which have a negative impact on human health and the environment, among others, mercury, arsenic and lead. Hard coal is a fuel which contains significant amounts of ecotoxic elements and the processes of coal combustion, coking and gasification are one of the main sources of their anthropogenic emission. In the coking process, individual ecotoxic elements in various proportions remain in coke and are released to the raw coke oven gas. During the cleaning and cooling of coke gas, ecotoxic elements are distributed between purified coke gas and other coking byproducts. In the paper, the measurement results of the contents of selected ecotoxic elements in the Polish coking bituminous coals are presented, i.e. mercury, arsenic and lead. The examination results of their content in the products of the coking process i.e. coke, coal tar, BTX, sulfur, and purified coke oven gas are also shown. Coke is characterized by a much lower content of mercury and lead than coal, and by a similar content of arsenic. Among the coking products, sulfur and tar are characterized by the highest content of mercury. Coal tar also contains a high amount of lead.
Biogas production from agricultural and municipal waste
Authors: Kuźnia Monika , Magiera Anna , Jerzak Wojciech , Pielichowska Kinga , Sikora Jakub
Published: July 2019

The article presents the results of biogas production from municipal and agricultural waste. The mesophilic digestion of feedstocks was evaluated. Fermentation process was performed according to the DIN 38414-S8. Five types of agricultural waste were used for the research: 100% maize silage, 25% apple pomace – 75% maize silage, 50% apple pomace – 50% maize silage, 75% apple pomace – 25% maize silage and under – size fraction of municipal waste from the sorting drum. Fermentation of waste was carried out for 30 days. In the produced biogas, there were measured the content of: CH4, CO2, O2 and the total yield of biogas. The combination of different groups of waste in the fermentation process causes a higher efficiency of biogas production. Additionally thermal analysis (TG, DSC) of biogas digestate were conducted. Due to the impurities present in the biogas digestate derived from municipal waste, it becomes impossible to use it as fertilizer in agriculture.
Evaluation of the impact of meteorological conditions on the amount of air pollution in Krakow
Authors: Piaskowska-Silarska Małgorzata , Pytel Krzysztof , Gumuła Stanisław , Hudy Wiktor
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The publication presents an assessment of the impact of meteorological conditions on air quality in a given location. The subject matter of the work is related to problem-review issues in the field of environmental protection and energy management. The publication draws attention to the fact that despite several decades of ecological monitoring of air pollution, only in recent years attention has been paid to the scale of air pollution problem. The study examined the relationship between meteorological elements (wind velocity, relative humidity on the amount of air pollution immissions. Significant impact of precipitation, atmospheric pressure and thermal braking layer was indicated. The possibilities of air quality improvement were presented based on the measurement data concerning the immission of impurities.
Effect of the axial movement of misaligned journal on the performance of hydrodynamic lubrication journal bearing with rough surface
Authors: Li Biao , Sun Jun , Zhu Shaoyu , Fu Yangyang , Zhao Xiaoyong , Wang Hu , Teng Qin , Ren Yanping , Li Yunqiang , Zhu Guixiang
Published: July 2019

Generally, the movement of journal along the direction of bearing axis under the combined action of various factors is neglected in the lubrication study of bearing, which is quite different from the actual working condition of bearing in the shaft-bearing system. In this paper, with a comprehensive consideration of the axial movement of journal, the surface topography of journal and bearing and the misalignment of journal, a new model about the hydrodynamic lubrication of misaligned journal bearing is established based on the average Reynolds equation. Considering the effect of the axial movement of misaligned journal, the lubrication characteristics parameters of rough journal bearing is presented and mainly discussed. The results show that the axial movement of misaligned journal has a distinct effect on the bearing lubrication characteristics. The influence of the axial movement of misaligned journal on the bearing lubrication characteristics is slightly reduced when considering the surface roughness.
Instabilité des microsatellites et cancer
Authors: Collura Ada , Lefevre Jérémie H. , Svrcek Magali , Tougeron David , Zaanan Aziz , Duval Alex
Published: July 2019

L’instabilité des séquences répétées du génome (appelées microsatellites) est une conséquence de l’inactivation fonctionnelle du système de réparation des erreurs produites au cours de la réplication de l’ADN (système MMR,mismatch repair). Elle signe un phénotype tumoral fréquent appelé MSI (microsatellite instable) qui a été mis en évidence il y a un peu plus de 20 ans. Les cancers MSI sont fréquents chez l’homme, associés à de nombreuses localisations primitives (côlon, estomac, endomètre, etc.). Ils peuvent être héréditaires ou, le plus souvent, de survenue sporadique. Cet article propose une synthèse des travaux dédiés à l’étude des cancers MSI menés par des chercheurs et médecins français récompensés par le prix Jean et Madeleine Schaeverbeke de la Fondation de France. Depuis 20 ans, leur activité a grandement contribué à améliorer nos connaissances sur ce mode original de tumorigenèse, jetant les bases d’une médecine personnalisée de ces tumeurs chez l’homme, en pleine émergence aujourd’hui.
Détection de l’ADN cytosolique par la voie cGAS-STING
Authors: Chanut Romain , Petrilli Virginie
Published: July 2019

La synthase de GMP-AMP cyclique (cGAS) est un senseur ubiquitaire d’ADN cytosolique, bien décrite pour reconnaître les acides nucléiques provenant des pathogènes. En présence d’ADN, elle induit la formation d’un messager cellulaire, le GMP-AMP cyclique (cGAMP), qui se lie à STING, une protéine adaptatrice. L’engagement de STING induit la production de cytokines et d’interférons de type I, jouant un rôle majeur dans l’élimination du pathogène. Récemment, un rôle nouveau du complexe cGAS-STING a émergé dans la réponse anti-tumorale. Cette revue synthétise les connaissances actuelles montrant la capacité de cette voie à détecter l’ADN des cellules malignes, ainsi que son rôle dans le contrôle de la tumorigenèse.
Les chercheurs innovent sur tous les fronts !
Authors: Brignol Tuy Nga , Marion Sylvie , Attarian Shahram
Published: July 2019

Du Royaume-Uni à la Belgique en passant par la France, les équipes de recherche rivalisent de talent et d’imagination pour développer des stratégies innovantes qui préfigurent les médicaments de demain. Revue non exhaustive de la session « Thérapies innovantes » lors du congrès Myology 2019, qui s’est déroulé à Bordeaux du 25 au 28 mars.
Vivre avec une ventilation mécanique au quotidien : ergonomie et sécurité au domicile et à l’extérieur
Authors: Delalande Perrine , Wasteels Geert
Published: July 2019

L’évolution de certaines pathologies neuromusculaires conduit parfois à la nécessité d’une ventilation mécanique. Si l’adaptation de la ventilation est généralement réalisée à l’hôpital, la poursuite du traitement à domicile dans de bonnes conditions nécessite un environnement matériel et humain adapté pour garantir la sécurité et la qualité de vie de la personne.

Outre le ventilateur, le choix et le juste réglage de l’interface et de l’appareil d’humidification contribuent au confort du patient et à la qualité du traitement. La fixation du matériel au fauteuil et au patient contribue à sa sécurité.

À domicile, le patient est accompagné par des aidants familiaux ou professionnels. Il convient de veiller à leur formation afin qu’ils puissent être à l’aise avec le matériel et pour que celui-ci complique le moins possible le quotidien, l’objectif étant que le patient garde la meilleure qualité de vie possible.

En sortie à l’extérieur, le risque potentiel de défaillance du matériel devrait inciter le patient à s’équiper d’un « kit de secours » pour se déplacer en sécurité.
Lp and almost sure rates of convergence of averaged stochastic gradient algorithms: locally strongly convex objective
Authors: Godichon-Baggioni Antoine
Published: July 2019

An usual problem in statistics consists in estimating the minimizer of a convex function. When we have to deal with large samples taking values in high dimensional spaces, stochastic gradient algorithms and their averaged versions are efficient candidates. Indeed, (1) they do not need too much computational efforts, (2) they do not need to store all the data, which is crucial when we deal with big data, (3) they allow to simply update the estimates, which is important when data arrive sequentially. The aim of this work is to give asymptotic and non asymptotic rates of convergence of stochastic gradient estimates as well as of their averaged versions when the function we would like to minimize is only locally strongly convex.
Editorial
Authors: Nienkemper Manuel
Published: July 2019

Sehr geehrte Kolleginnen und Kollegen,

die Korrektur vertikaler Abweichungen stellt in vielen Fällen eine ebenso große Herausforderung dar wie die Lösung der sagittalen Probleme.
Kombination von Lingualtechnik und skelettaler Verankerung zur Korrektur eines frontal offenen Bisses bei Angle Klasse II/1 mit bialveolärer Protrusion
Authors: Bräutigam Martina , Nienkemper Manuel , Wilmes Benedict , Drescher Dieter
Published: July 2019

Die Behandlung von frontal offenen Bissen ist in der Regel bei erwachsenen Patienten sehr komplex. Neben protrudierten Frontzähnen, die in Infraposition stehen, ist häufig ein persistierendes viszerales Schluckmuster sowie ein Sigmatismus frontalis vorhanden. Zur Korrektur hat sich statt der rezidivanfälligen Extrusion der Frontzähne die Intrusion der Seitenzähne bewährt. Zudem kann mittels Distalisierung der Oberkieferseitenzähne die Frontretrusion ermöglicht und somit auch der offene Biss reduziert werden. Für diese Zahnbewegungen besteht häufig ein maximaler Verankerungsbedarf. Dieser kann mittels skelettal verankerter Apparaturen durch Mini-Implantate im anterioren Gaumen gewährleistet werden.

Der Leidensdruck bei erwachsenen Patienten ist häufig groß. Zudem besteht der Wunsch nach wenig sichtbaren Behandlungsapparaturen. Die individualisierten, lingualen Zahnspangen erweisen sich hierbei als gute Behandlungsapparaturen. Durch die Kombination der lingualen Zahnspange mit den skelettal verankerten Distalisierungs- bzw. Intrusionsmechaniken sind die Frontzahnreklination sowie die Bissschließung effizient realisierbar. Anhand zweier Patientenbeispiele sollen die kombinierten Mechaniken sowie das klinische Procedere dargestellt werden.
Hyperthermie bei Fibromyalgie und
Weichteilrheuma
Authors: Wehner Holger
Published: July 2019

In der aktuellen Literatur wird davon ausgegangen, dass etwa 2 % der Bevölkerung
am Fibromyalgiesyndrom leiden. Die Geschlechterverteilung zeigt, dass Frauen
häufiger als Männer betroffen sind. Neben quälenden Schmerzen aus
unterschiedlichem Anlass und oft ohne direkten Auslöser haben die Patienten
häufig auch das Gefühl, nicht ernst genommen oder einer rein psychosomatischen
Störung zugeordnet zu werden.

Die Vielfalt der Symptome erschwert die klare und rasche Diagnosestellung. Die
Schmerzen, deren Ausprägung sehr unterschiedlich sein kann, bilden das
Hauptsymptom. Somit besteht zu Recht eine ständige Suche nach Möglichkeiten, den
Patienten helfen zu können.

Die Hyperthermiebehandlung stellt eine wirksame und sichere Behandlungsoption
dar, die nachhaltige Symptomlinderungen erbringen kann, wie in einer
randomisierten, kontrollierten Studie 6
belegt werden konnte.