bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Akuntansi Sumber Daya Manusia Penyandang Difabel Daksa
Authors: Hafni Diska Arliena
Published: May 2021

This study aims to find out the implementation of Human Resource Accounting in Difa City Tour and Transport-Yogyakarta. Human resources owned by Difa City Tour and Transport-Yogyakarta are persons with disabilities who work as motorcycle taxi drivers with a modified motorcycle fleet. Data collected through interviews and observations. Qualitative data are analyzed by describing, interpreting, and describing systematically collected data.Data analysis begins with data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions.The results showed that Difa City Tour and Transport-Yogyakarta treats its human resources as an asset.Difa City Tour and Transport-Yogyakarta creates a system of human resource management starting from recruitment, training and placement which is systematic, gradual and measurable.The evaluation method for human resources in Difa City Tour & Transport Yogyakarta in practice refers to the Human Resource Value Accounting method in the Non-monetary Model.
Determinan Kualitas Laporan Keuangan
Authors: Pratiwi Wiwik , Lestary Utami Diyah
Published: May 2021

This research is in the context of understanding the extent to which human resource competencies, the use of information technology and the application of the accrual basis method affect the quality of financial statements. The population of this research is companies in the Central Jakarta and East Jakarta areas using primary data. The sampling technique in this research uses the stratified random sampling method in which the population has heterogeneous members with disproportionate strata. Multiple linear regression analysis as a data analysis technique. The results of this research indicate that the competence of human resources, the use of information technology and the application of the accrual basis method either partially or simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on the quality of financial statements
Pengaruh Pengalaman Audit, Skeptisme Profesional Dan Time Pressure Terhadap Kemampuan Auditor Mendeteksi Fraud
Authors: Indriyani Safira , Hakim Luqman
Published: May 2021

The research purposes to obtain and understand the empirical evidence about audit experience, auditor’s professional scepticism and time pressure toward auditor’s ability to detect fraud. The research method used was quantitative by using primary data questionnaires to the Public Accounting Firm in Center Jakarta. Sample taking method on this research is using simple random sampling. The result showed that audit experience and auditor’s professional scepticism have positive and significant effect on auditor’s ability to detect fraud, time pressure has negative and significant effect on auditor’s ability to detect fraud.
Implementasi Islamic Corporate Governance Dalam Mengelevasi Corporate Social Responsbility
Authors: Muchlis Saiful , Resky Resky
Published: May 2021

This study aims to determine the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs with their suitability to Islamic Corporate Governance (ICG) carried out by BNI Syariah KCU Makassar. This study used a descriptive qualitative research method.  Data collection used in depth interview to informants and information from internet as a complement. The results of this study are, first, the CSR program implemented by BNI Syariah KCU Makassar always follows the Central BNI Syariah Program. Second, CSR program of BNI Syariah KCU Makassar is accordance with ICG based on the mandate value and the concept of maqashid sharia. Third, the implementation of ICG values in CSR program of BNI Syariah KCU Makassar is able to evaluate CSR and has met the principles of transparency and accountability
Implementasi Kebijakan Keterbukaan Akses Data Perbankan Dalam Meningkatkan Tax Compliance Di Indonesia
Authors: Akbar Lutfia Rizkyatul , Gunadi Gunadi
Published: May 2021

This study aims to assess the implementation of the openness of banking data access policies to improving tax compliance in Indonesia. It cause by the implementation of tax collection using a self-assessment system, thus requiring taxpayer data and information through financial institutions, include banking. Researchers used qualitative descriptive methods. The results of this study are, first, there is support for the implementation of the policy on openness to access to banking data in increasing tax compliance in Indonesia in the form of the issuance of Law Number 9 of 2017 concerning Access to Financial Information. Second, the implementation of banking data disclosure policies to increase tax compliance in Indonesia, including the willingness of target groups to comply with policy outputs, in this case the reporting of customer data by banks to the DGT. Third, the policy of open banking data access does not impede or reduce the number of bank accounts and deposits. Fourth, there are technical obstacles both by the DGT and the banking sector, especially in the first year. Furthermore, there are several inhibiting factors in the implementation of this policy, namely IT factors, and resistance from some circles at the beginning of the emergence of regulations, limited financial resources to process data quickly, so it must be done gradually, in addition to lack of quantity and quality of human resources
Zur Infrastruktur der Bildtelefonie und ihrem Scheitern. Mediensoziologische Beobachtungen mit Susan Leigh Star
Authors: Ziemann Andreas
Published: May 2021

Was sind Infrastrukturen, und wie lassen sie sich adäquat beschreiben? Der Aufsatz zielt darauf ab, erstens die Theorie der Infrastruktur von Susan Leigh Star zu reformulieren, diese zweitens anhand der Geschichte der Telefons, vor allem anhand der Bild- und Videotelefonie zu operationalisieren und drittens einige Kernpunkte bei Star im Spiegel jener historischen Empirie zur Diskussion zu stellen und zu modifizieren. Einen gesonderten Schwerpunkt bildet die Analyse des innovatorischen Scheiterns des Picturephone. Es fehlten u.a. die technikbegeisterten Erstanwender und eine breite kollektive Begeisterung der (speziellen) Nutzungsmöglichkeiten. Die weitere erfolgreiche Entwicklung hemmten (zum Teil noch heute) sozialpsychologische Ängste des Ausspähens, Voyeurismus oder Datenmissbrauchs.
Dinge als Medien denken. Was leistet eine funktionalistische Mediensoziologie?
Authors: Wagner Elke , Barth Niklas
Published: May 2021

Medien werden innerhalb der Soziologie oftmals substantialistisch aufgefasst: man spricht dann von Medien im Sinne ihrer Materialitäten oder aber von Medien als Institutionen, wie etwa Massenmedien. Folgt man dieser Devise, stellen sich Medien oftmals tatsächlich als Dinge dar. Wir wollen in diesem Beitrag eine alternative Fährte zu diesem Begriffsparadigma aufnehmen. Uns geht es hier darum, einen funktionalistisch informierten, empirisch orientierten Medienbegriff herauszuarbeiten, der Medien nicht substantialistisch und a priori als Dinge fasst. Vielmehr geht es uns um die Frage: was wird wann und wie empirisch-praktisch zu einem Medium gemacht? Dabei geht der Beitrag wie folgt vor: zunächst wenden wir uns einer Materialtiätssoziologie, und fragen: darf man Medien wie Dinge betrachten? Wir stoßen im weiteren auf Medien im Sinne einer Denkfigur des „Dazwischen“, die wir dann in einem nächsten Schritt im Sinne einer funktionalistischen Mediensoziologie rekonstruieren. Das Fazit des Beitrags besteht in einer Umkehrung eines substantialistischen Medienbegriffs hin zu einem prozessorientierten Medienbegriff: Nicht Medien als Dinge denken, lautet das Credo, sondern: Dinge als Medien denken.
الزيادة الطبيعية لسكان محافظة دهوك للفترة (2007 – 2017) وتباينه مكانياً
Authors: M. Hasan Chinar
Published: May 2021

تهدف الدراسة المعنونة بـ ((الزيادة الطبيعية لسكان محافظة دهوك للفترة  (2007 – 2017) وتباينه مكانياً)) إلى بيان معدلات الزيادة الطبيعية أي الفرق بين الولادات والوفيات في محافظة دهوك حسب الأقضية بعد أن شهدت المحافظة زيادة ملحوظة خلال السنوات الأخيرة مما استدعت إلى الوقوف عليها، وقد تكوّنَ البحث من ثلاث مباحث: المبحث الأول تطرق إلى استخراج معدل الولادات الخام، والمبحث الثاني درس معدل الوفيات الخام، والمبحث الثالث درس معدل الزيادة الطبيعية (الحيوية) خلال الفترة حسب الوحدات الإدراية، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى أنَّ معدل الزيادة الطبيعية في محافظة دهوك انخفضت من نسبة (3.3%) في عام 2007 إلى (2.1%) في عام 2017.
El sistema penitenciario español a partir de un paradigma criminológico
Authors: Murcia Orenes Sergio
Published: May 2021

Conforme lo establecido en el artículo 25.2 de nuestra Carta Magna, el Derecho Penitenciario debe estar orientado a la reeducación y reinserción social del privado en libertad. Como principal herramienta para alcanzar tal fin se posiciona el tratamiento penitenciario, cuyo destinatario es el infractor que se encuentra en situación de especial sujeción con respecto a la Administración Penitenciaria. Sin embargo, la naturaleza estática del Derecho Penitenciario, como toda Ciencia normativa del “deber ser”, se enfrenta a una sociedad cuyas características y necesidades se mueven de forma vertiginosa, siendo así especialmente complicado una completa y eficaz adaptación por parte de aquel a la realidad existente. Para tal cometido, resulta del todo conveniente la aportación de una ciencia dinámica y en continuo contacto con la sociedad como es la Criminología, la cual facilitará datos “a tiempo real” de la situación carcelaria, a través de su método empírico y su carácter multidisciplinar.
A transformação da natureza-morta em paisagem na poesia de Ferreira Gullar
Authors: Branco Priscila Nogueira , Pietrani Anélia Montechiari
Published: May 2021

A poética de Ferreira Gullar é uma busca constante pelo tangível e pelo momento vivido agora. Neste artigo, apresentamos uma leitura de seu poema “Bananas podres” (1991), explorando a ideia de concretude e do contato com o real. Partimos de uma comparação com o gênero de pintura natureza-morta, ressignificando-o em um processo de transformação: um caminho até tornar-se paisagem. Pensando o conceito de Michel Collot sobre paisagem, analisamos a mudança no poema de Gullar como uma experiência de movência e afeto, contrastando com a premissa estática e repleta de morte de uma natureza-morta.
Editorial
Authors: Oliveira Ilca Vieira de , Constâncio Natália
Published: May 2021

Apresentação à Texto Poético 33.
On certain aspects of public legal responsibility in the sphere of using artificial intelligence and autonomous robots
Authors: Gorokhova Svetlana Sergeevna
Published: May 2021

The subject of this research is certain theoretical aspects of public legal responsibility that may emerge in the spheres and situations of the use of artificial intelligence and robotic autonomous systems takes place. Special attention is given to interpretation of public legal responsibility as a legal category, and its role within the system of legal regulation of public relations in the country. The article explores the basic aspects of public responsibility in the sphere of potential use of the systems equipped with technological solutions based on artificial intelligence. The author describes the possible risks determined by the development and implementation of such technologies in accordance with trends of scientific and technological progress. The conclusion is made that currently in the Russian Federation does not have a liability system applicable particularly to damage or losses resulting from the use of new technologies, such as artificial intelligence. However, the existing liability regime at least ensures the basic protection for the victims suffered from the use of artificial intelligence technologies. However, the peculiar characteristics of these technologies and complexity of their application may hinder payment of compensations for inflicted harm in all cases when it seems justified, and not ensure fair and effective allocation of responsibility in a number of cases, including the violation of non-property rights of citizens.
The problems of legal regulation of cryopreservation: the experience of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tajikistan
Authors: Purge Anna Rolandovna
Published: May 2021

The object of this research is the social relations emerging with regards to cryopreservation procedure as one of the assisted reproductive technology, as well as the problems of legal regulation of such relations (based on the experience of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tajikistan). The subject of this research is the legislative norms that regulate the cryopreservation procedure currently effective in Russia and Tajikistan; corresponding law enforcement practice; statistical data and publications of the official media sources. The scientific novelty consists in carrying out a comprehensive comparative legal analysis of the peculiarities of legislative regulation of cryopreservation procedure in different world’s countries (on the example of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tajikistan), determination of the existing problem, and development of their possible solutions. The acquired results encompass the author’s original recommendations aimed at elimination of the detected problems of legal regulation of this method of assisted reproductive technology, which usually requires the development and adoption of the special normative legal act that would regulate the cryopreservation procedure in both, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tajikistan.
Simulação médica no período da pandemia da COVID-19: um relato de experiência
Authors: Pacheco Gustavo Garcia , Gontijo Mariana Scapellato , Fabro Letícia Donaire , Teixeira Maria Laura Verissimo , Ferreira Carolina Marques , Messias Jhenifer Rodrigues , Touso Maíra Ferro de Sousa
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Apresentar e refletir o emprego remoto da metodologia ''Debriefing'' utilizada na simulação em prática médica, nas aulas remotas durante a pandemia do novo coronavírus. Relato de experiência: Trata-se de um relato de experiência conduzido por seis acadêmicos de medicina do sexto período na disciplina de Programa de Integração na Estratégia Saúde da Família no estágio de saúde mental. O estágio foi vivenciado por seis alunos e devido às restrições impostas pela pandemia do novo coronavírus todas as aulas foram realizadas de maneira remota.  O programa da disciplina foi composto de quatro encontros para discussão dos principais temas da Psiquiatria seguido de três encontros no qual a metodologia Debriefing foi aplicada. A cada encontro um caso clínico era trazido pelo professor que além de conter informações da anamnese e do exame físico, possuía pequenos vídeos com simulações realísticas do caso apresentado. Após a apresentação do quadro do paciente fictício o professor orientava o processo de construção de aprendizagem por meio de perguntas nas quais os alunos teriam que utilizar de conhecimentos teóricos para respondê-las. Considerações finais: Essa ferramenta se mostrou eficaz no contexto de aulas síncronas durante a pandemia da COVID-19.
Biologic restoration: A successful treatment option for immediate esthetics – A case report
Authors: Shah Deep , Ponnappa K. C. , Subbaiah Neha , Ponappa M. C.
Published: May 2021

Crown fractures mainly in the anterior region are the most common outcome of traumatic injuries. The common cause is ascribed to falls, motor vehicle accidents, and contact sports. Out of all the dental trauma injuries, dentoalveolar trauma contributes to about 25%, which may vary from simple crown fracture of enamel and/or dentin to complicated crown root fractures. In this case report, an undergraduate dental student reported with a fractured crown due to a fall an hour earlier. The clinical and radiographic assessment leads to the diagnosis of an uncomplicated crown fracture. Fracture line was extending obliquely till the middle third of the crown involving enamel and dentin. Tooth segment adaptation was evaluated, and decision was made to attempt for reattachment procedure. The tooth was isolated using rubber dam and tooth fragment was reattached using flowable composite. Follow up period was noted for 6 months. Tooth segment reattachment is a minimally invasive procedure with immediate aesthetic and it is not time consuming. This procedure has a predicable long-term prognosis with minimal complication due to advances in adhesive technique. Various factors should be taken into consideration for maximizing the benefits. Thus, this simple procedure is an alternative to the other complex restorative procedure for restoring tooth function, form, and esthetics. Recent advances in flowable composites can be used for a much more predictable result pertaining to strength and aesthetics.
The effect of Erbium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet laser irradiation on push-out bond strength of endodontic sealers with root canal dentin: An in vitro evaluation of push-out bond strength and failure modes
Authors: Reddy J. Sandeep , Jayalakshmi K. B. , Sujatha I. , Nadig Prasannalatha , Isani Nilima Salim , Elizabeth Deena
Published: May 2021

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the push-out bond strength of bioceramic sealer and resin-based sealer on Erbium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er:YAG) treated root canals.

Material and Methods:

Sixty single-rooted teeth were collected, decoronated apical to the cementoenamel junction, maintaining the minimum root length of 14 mm. Samples were instrumented with WaveOne Gold primary file and divided into two experimental groups (n = 30), based on laser irradiation: Group I: No laser and Group II: Er:YAG laser irradiated. Groups I and II were again divided into two subgroups “a” (AH Plus) and “b” (mineral trioxide aggregate [MTA] Fillapex) with 15 samples in each group. As per the grouping, sealers were coated onto the canal walls and obturated. After 24 h of storage in 100% humidity at 37°C, all the samples were sectioned transversely and push-out test was performed using universal testing machine. Stereomicroscope was used to determine the mode of failure. A one-way analysis of variance was employed to compare the mean POBS. Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Shapiro–Wilk parametric tests were done to check the normality. The Games-Howell multiple post hoc test was used for pairwise comparison of the groups at a 95% confidence level.

Results:

Both AH Plus and MTA Fillapex exhibited higher bond strength in the laser-treated canals. AH plus exhibited superior bond strength compared to MTA Fillapex in both laser and non-laser-treated groups (P < 0.05). AH Plus groups have predominantly presented cohesive failure whereas MTA Fillapex presented mixed failures.

Conclusion:

Irradiation with Er:YAG laser in the root canal before obturation improves the bond strength significantly. The adhesive properties of MTA Fillapex are comparable to that of AH Plus.
A rare case of neurosarcoidosis occurred only in the medulla oblongata mimicking malignant brain tumor
Authors: Murayama Kentaro , Inoue Akihiro , Nakamura Yawara , Ochi Masayuki , Shigekawa Seiji , Watanabe Hideaki , Kitazawa Riko , Kunieda Takeharu
Published: May 2021

Background:

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder characterized by noncaseating epithelioid granulomas. However, neurosarcoidosis occurring only in the medulla oblongata is very rare and lacks specific imaging and clinical features. We report a rare case of neurosarcoidosis arising from the medulla oblongata alone, suggesting the significance of pathological findings for accurate diagnosis.

Case Description:

A 78-year-old woman with a history of rheumatoid arthritis was admitted to our hospital with a 3-month history of progressive numbness in bilateral lower extremities and gait disturbance. Neurological examination on admission showed mild bilateral paired paralysis of the lower limbs (manual muscle test: right 2/V; left 4/V) and marked numbness in the right lower limb. Neuroimaging revealed a solid mass with clear boundaries in the dorsal medulla oblongata appearing hypointense on T1-weighted imaging (WI), hyperintense on T2-WI, and hypointense on diffusion WI (DWI), with strong enhancement on gadolinium-enhanced T1-WI. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed moderately elevated levels of protein and lymphocytic cells. Biopsy to determine the exact diagnosis revealed histological findings of noncaseating epithelioid granulomas and inflammatory infiltration, consistent with sarcoidosis. Postoperatively, corticosteroid therapy with prednisolone was initiated as soon as possible, resulting in marked reductions in lesion size. Follow-up neuroimaging after 12 months showed no signs of recurrence.

Conclusion:

Neurosarcoidosis is difficult to diagnose from routine neuroimaging and laboratory findings. Accurate diagnosis requires careful identification of clinical signs, hypointensity on DWI, and morphological findings from surgical biopsy.
Misdiagnosis of “White Cord Syndrome” following posterior cervical surgery for ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament: A case report
Authors: Acharya Shankar , Kaucha Deepak , Sandhu Arashpreet Singh , Adsul Nitin , Chahal R. S. , Kalra K. L.
Published: May 2021

Background:

Following decompressive cervical surgery for significant spinal cord compression/myelopathy, patients may rarely develop the “White Cord Syndrome (WCS).” This acute postoperative reperfusion injury is characterized on T2W MRI images by an increased intramedullary cord signal. However, it is a diagnosis of exclusion, and WCS can only be invoked once all other etiologies for cord injury have been ruled out.

Case Description:

A 49-year-old male, 3 days following a C3-C7 cervical laminectomy and C2-T1 fusion for extensive cord compression due to ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL), developed acute quadriparesis. This new deficit should have been attributed to an intraoperative iatrogenic cord injury, not the WCS.

Conclusion:

Very rarely patients sustain postoperative significant/severe new neurological deficits attributable to the WCS. Notably, the WCS is a diagnosis of exclusion, and all other etiologies (i.e. intraoperative iatrogenic surgeon-based mechanical cord injury, graft/instrumentation extrusion, failure to adequately remove/resect OPLL thus stretching cord over residual disease, other reasons for continued cord compression, including the need for secondary surgery, etc.) of cord injury must first be ruled out.
An Experience in Constructing a Qualimetric Assessment of the Significance of Urban Art Objects
Authors: Vilchinskaya-Butenko Marina E. , Rozhkov Nikolai N.
Published: May 2021

The article attempts to ensure the unity of views on the implementation of urban art projects in local contexts. The paper aims to discuss the results of a pilot study obtained through a comprehensive assessment of the significance of urban art objects using qualimetric scales. The authors selected seven art objects that meet the four requirements: a) the art objects exist in the urban environment at the time of their assessment by experts; b) the art objects have a high communicative potential, that is, they are interesting to the viewer; c) there are discussions in the media and social networks about the prospects for preserving the art objects; d) the sample is heterogeneous. The experimental group included ten experts, both art theorists and practitioners. The experts were asked to evaluate the significance of each of the art objects by ranking them according to eight “rational” and two “emotional” criteria. The existence of consistency of the experts’ opinions was checked using the concordance coefficient. The pilot study showed that the most significant among the rational criteria for evaluating an artwork were technography (the degree of qualitative impact of the art object on the environment, the degree of the work’s conditionality with the context) and iconography (the uniqueness/brightness of the author’s message). The significance of the other principles (of technology and iconology) is considerably lower, which means that they can be ignored when constructing the final assessment by linear convolution. There was also a fairly high relative significance of the two emotional criteria that had been proposed for the experts’ consideration (the emotional dimension of the work in the artist’s experience and the emotional dimension of the work in the viewer’s experience). The scientific novelty of the research is determined by the fact that a systematic approach to assessing the rational aspects of the artistic interpretation of an urban art object makes it necessary and sufficient to rely on the two methodological principles for evaluating an artwork — technography and iconography. When evaluating the emotional aspects of artistic interpretation, it is necessary and sufficient to rely on the emotional dimension of the work in the experience of the artist and the viewer. The results obtained suggest finding an objective scientific basis for regulating the visual culture of public spaces.
Formation and Development Determinants of the City Commemorative Culture
Authors: Sokolova Olga M.
Published: May 2021

Based on historical-genetic and comparative research methods, the article reveals the determinants of formation and development of the city commemorative culture. This issue is relevant because of the increasing influence of the memory of the past on modern sociocultural processes. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the study of poorly studied issues of the impact of commemorative culture on the development of culture in general; the opportunities of regulating the nature and distribution of memorial forms; the factors determining the formation of the city commemorative culture in the context of the historical and sociocultural dynamics of applicable societies of the civilizations of the past and present. The article uses an integrated approach, which determines the interdisciplinary nature of scientific research, allowing analyzing the aspects of the origin, interpretation of the features of the history and existence of monuments in different cultures. There are provided examples of commemoration practices in the post-Soviet countries, including the Republic of Belarus. The article concludes that the content of commemorative culture is determined primarily by religious traditions and state priorities. The creation of monuments and places of memory is used as an agitation and manipulative resource making an emotional impact; as an ideological tool shaping the perception of history in accordance with the state ideology. Commemorative practices take on special significance during the formation of nations, influencing the subject’s identification with the nation, and the awareness of national solidity. In this case, the monument represents a universal form of embodying and conveying the national idea.
Visualization of Images from F.M. Dostoyevsky’s Novel “Crime and Punishment” in Works of the Book Graphic Artist I.T. Bogdesko
Authors: Koshkina Olga Yu.
Published: May 2021

In 1970–1971, Academician of the Russian Academy of Arts, People’s Artist of the USSR Ilya Trofimovich Bogdesko (1923—2010) created a linocut series for the socio-psychological novel “Crime and Punishment” by F.M. Dostoyevsky. The illustrations were made specifically for the Leipzig Book Fair in 1971. The artist’s idea had been limited to the competition task: he created only three illustrations in the linocut technique, and their artistic solution was based on the conditional-decorative principle of composition organization. The main characters are depicted almost two-dimensionally, “purified” of everyday details, environment, entourage. Using a minimum of visual means, I.T. Bogdesko achieved a sensation of stunning drama in the illustrations. For this work, the artist was awarded a gold medal in Leipzig. At the end of 1971, “Kartya Moldovanyaske” published the book “Crime shi pedyapse” (“Crime and Punishment”) in the Moldovan language. In the design of that book, his illustrations were used — “Raskolnikov” (on the dust cover) and “The Old Pawnbroker” (on the title page). A different vision of Sonya’s image appeared on the dust cover. The preserved sketches, a number of which are presented in this article, allow recognizing the artist’s work hidden from prying eyes. In 1995, Bogdesko applied to Dostoevsky again. He created the writer’s portrait against the background of the characteristic St. Petersburg landscape. In those years, the artist was working on “Don Quixote”, inspired by Dostoevsky’s expressing about the novel by Cervantes: “There is nothing in the whole world deeper and stronger than this composition”. Bogdesko upheld this assertion with 36 illustrations (by chisel engraving) for the famous novel: a titanic work that lasted more than two decades. The artist executed the portrait of the Russian writer in the same unique technique of classical engraving as the illustrations for “Don Quixote”. Changes in graphic techniques dramatically alter the plasticity of images of the characters of “Crime and Punishment”: a quarter of a century later, the tragically flat vision of linocuts turned into a sharp, nervous, frequent movement of the chisel. Bogdesko created three illustrations for Dostoevsky’s novel in the technique of chisel engraving.
Alexander Siloti and Jean Roger-Ducasse: About the Production of the Mimodrama “Orpheus” in Petrograd
Authors: Gorobets Svetlana V.
Published: May 2021

Based on archival data, memoirs and letters, the article describes the joint work of the pianist Alexander Ilyich Siloti (1863—1945) and the great creators of the Silver Age — choreographer Mikhail Fokin and artist Léon Bakst — on the production of the mimodrama “Orpheus” by the French composer Jean Jules Aimable Roger-Ducasse at the Mariinsky Theatre. The author notes the originality of this composition, new stage solutions, an innovative approach to the production that combines opera and ballet. There are described in detail the decorations and costumes made by Bakst for this production, which could be seen at the exhibition dedicated to the 150th anniversary of the artist in 2016. The premiere was scheduled for the 1915/1916 season, but did not take place. The article explains what prevented the presentation. There are provided some fragments of the correspondence between Siloti and the participants of the production of “Orpheus”, and fragments of reviews for the concert performance of this composition. The article aims at showing new facets of Siloti’s activities, particularly in popularizing the music of French composers in the programs of the entreprise “Concerts of A. Siloti”, which was of great importance in the culture of Petersburg at the beginning of the 20th century. Siloti would often become the first performer of works by foreign authors, which were a “fresh breath” in the cultural and artistic atmosphere of the capital. He tried to enlighten and educate the audience with his concerts, to develop their desire to go to concerts and listen to music. The article gives a general assessment of the activities of A.I. Siloti — a propagandist, educator, pianist, conductor, public figure, a talented organizer of new forms of artistic life and promotion of the best achievements of musical classics and modern creative process.
Book Marks of the Personal Library of the German Bibliophile Prince George of Anhalt
Authors: Grebenyuk Tatyana V.
Published: May 2021

For many years, the Rare Books Department (Book Museum) of the Russian State Library has been conducting up-to-date work on the description of ex-libris, which contributes to the disclosure of the Department’s collections. The main goal of this research is to identify, record, study, publish, and thereby show the variety and richness of the ownership marks found on books. This article is devoted to the book marks of the German bibliophile Prince George III of Anhalt (1507—1553) from the collection of the Russian State Library. In the Russian-language research literature, Prince George’s book marks have not been considered before. The highly valued private library, later named after the owner — “Georgs-Bibliothek”, used to be part of the Land Library in Dessau (Germany). A small part of this famous book collection came after World War II to the V.I. Lenin State Library of the USSR and is now stored in the Book Museum. On the example of the small fragment of Prince George’s famous library, the article traces the gradual appearance and development of the unique ex-libris of this collection, reveals the literary and bibliophile interests of the owner, and establishes the circle of his communication. In the course of the study, about a hundred owner’s marks were recorded, thanks to which there were identified more than 120 publications from the personal collection of Prince George of Anhalt. The article presents the main types of its ex-libris (handwritten, gift, and super-ex-libris), which are reproduced and described in detail.
Le processus de plasticité stratégique et tactico-opérationnelle des pays membres de l’Union Européenne
Authors: Dumoulin André
Published: May 2021

La flexibilité conditionnelle dans le domaine de la sécurité coopérative et de la défense au sein de l’Union Européenne (UE) renvoie à l’idée de volontariat et de souveraineté des États. Ces derniers sont les maîtres du jeu et le refus de s’engager repose sur de nombreuses motivations : refus ou peur de grimper sur le terrain, refus d’être emporté par une opinion publique interventionniste, absence d’intérêts stratégiques, géopolitiques ou économiques en matière d’engagement, absence de mandat de l’Organisation des Nations Unies (ONU), faible disponibilité des ressources militaires et civiles, évaluation négative des pertes estimées, manque de conviction, manque de culture stratégique interventionniste (première entrée), hostilité des citoyens envers les engagements extérieurs, manque de consensus au sein du gouvernement et/ou parlement, calendrier électoral trop proche, manque d’informations sur la situation sur le terrain ou manque de partenaires pour une coalition. L’une des clés pourrait provenir de l’aboutissement d’une véritable autonomie diplomatique européenne parallèlement à une souveraineté européenne partagée mais aussi et surtout d’assurer « le suivi des décisions adoptées » et de parvenir à une forte cohérence en matière de politique étrangère qui devrait être unique. Le constructivisme n’est pas loin avec ses jeux d’influence, le partage des normes, les croyances partagées, la socialisation institutionnelle et les pratiques communes entre les forces militaires dans les opérations de la Politique de Sécurité et de Défense Commune (PSDC), l’union faisant la force. Il reste à clarifier et à respecter une feuille de route politique autant qu’une capacité de plus de cohérence et d’autonomie stratégique. Les États membres de l’UE devront proposer une analyse commune des menaces, définir les intérêts, puis les capacités, « pour protéger tous ses citoyens sur le sol européen ».
La limite de puissance de l’Union Européenne dans les relations internationales : les divergences et les convergences de l’UE avec les États-Unis, en particulier depuis l’arrivée au pouvoir de Donald Trump, sur l’Accord du nucléaire iranien de 2015 : le Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA)
Authors: Bayramzadeh Kamal
Published: May 2021

Cet article se donne pour objectif de montrer le rôle de l’Union Européenne (UE) dans la résolution des crises internationales, en l’occurrence la crise nucléaire iranienne. L’UE est dotée d’une « politique étrangère commune » depuis 1993 et, en raison de sa capacité d’influence politique et économique dans certains dossiers internationaux, elle peut être qualifiée d’acteur international. Nous voulons examiner les différentes dimensions de la puissance européenne afin de mettre en évidence la limite de sa puissance normative en nous focalisant sur la crise nucléaire iranienne et les divergences de l’UE avec les États-Unis depuis l’arrivée au pouvoir de Donald Trump. Après avoir expliqué les concepts analytiques de puissance douce, de puissance normative et d’acteur, nous allons d’abord mettre en exergue les caractéristiques de la puissance de l’UE. Cette étude va ensuite analyser les différents aspects de la politique de l’UE à l’égard de l’Iran et en particulier son projet nucléaire de 1992 à 2020. Nous mettrons finalement en évidence les impacts de l’arrivée au pouvoir de Donald Trump sur les relations des États-Unis avec l’UE. Il s’agit de montrer comment la nouvelle approche politique et économique des États-Unis (néomercantilisme) sous la présidence de D. Trump a changé l’orientation de la politique étrangère des États-Unis en particulier à l’égard de l’UE et de l’accord nucléaire de 2015 du P5+1 avec l’Iran. En 2018, les États-Unis se sont retirés de l’accord et ont imposé leur loi extraterritoriale aux entreprises étrangères en interdisant de commercer avec l’Iran. En dépit de sa protestation, l’UE n’a pas pu empêcher que cette loi soit imposée aux entreprises européennes, ce qui a illustré la limite de sa puissance.
Les nouveaux accords commerciaux conclus par l’Union Européenne
Authors: Vincent Philippe
Published: May 2021

Suite au blocage des négociations commerciales internationales au sein de l’Organisation Mondiale du Commerce (OMC), l’Union Européenne (UE) a conclu des accords commerciaux dits de « nouvelle génération » avec un certain nombre de partenaires. Le champ d’application de ces accords est beaucoup plus ambitieux que le seul commerce des marchandises auquel se limitaient les accords commerciaux précédemment conclus par l’Union. Il couvre en effet également le commerce des services, la propriété intellectuelle et les investissements internationaux. L’insertion de ceux-ci dans les nouveaux accords a fait l’objet de deux demandes d’avis à la Cour de Justice de l’Union Européenne (CJUE). Dans le premier, elle a déclaré que l’Union n’était pas compétente pour conclure seule un accord contenant des dispositions relatives aux investissements autres que directs et au règlement des différends relatifs aux investissements. Dans le second, elle a confirmé que le mécanisme de règlement des différends entre investisseurs et État d’accueil ne porte pas atteinte au principe de l’autonomie du droit de l’Union, et n’affecte pas le principe de la compétence exclusive de la Cour pour interpréter le droit européen.
Sarkozy et la lettre de Guy Môquet : un cas d’instrumentalisation ?
Authors: Nossent Jérôme
Published: May 2021

Le personnage de Guy Môquet, et plus particulièrement la lettre qu’il adressa à ses parents à la veille de son exécution occupèrent une place importante dans le discours de Nicolas Sarkozy durant la période pré-électorale de 2007. La place attribuée au jeune militant communiste dans le discours sarkoziste perdura après l’élection de celui-ci à la fonction de président de la République française. Le moins qu’on puisse dire est que cette thématique fit couler beaucoup d’encre à l’époque et ne suscita guère l’unanimité. Maintenant que le calme est revenu, il paraît intéressant de se pencher rétrospectivement sur le sujet. Quelle utilisation Nicolas Sarkozy fit-il de la lettre de Guy Môquet et de son auteur ? Au travers de cet article, un descriptif du personnage historique ainsi que de la façon dont Nicolas Sarkozy en usa seront présentés. Comme nous le verrons, la façon dont le jeune homme apparaît peut s’inscrire dans différentes configurations. Un intérêt particulier sera également accordé aux différents protagonistes étant intervenus à l’époque, qu’ils soient partis ou autres acteurs politiques. Enfin, une telle thématique suscite nombre de réflexions. Parmi ces dernières, la question de l’utilisation de la figure de Guy Môquet et de sa lettre est posée. Peut-on parler d’instrumentalisation de ce personnage par Nicolas Sarkozy ? Nous proposons donc de déterminer la véracité de cette hypothèse au travers de cet exposé.
Sarkozy à l’assaut du Panthéon : à l’Homme révolté, la patrie reconnaissante
Authors: Rahier Maxime
Published: May 2021

En décembre 2009, le journal Le Monde révélait le dernier projet présidentiel : transférer la dépouille d’Albert Camus au Panthéon. Ce projet, perçu par la gauche comme une tentative éhontée de récupération politique, déclencha une vive controverse qui ne prit fin qu’avec le refus du fils de l’écrivain à consentir un tel transfert. Après un bref rappel des faits et la mise en exergue des enjeux politiques afférents, le présent article se propose de revenir sur cette question de la récupération politique. L’hypothèse qui nous guidera est que toute panthéonisation – ou tentative de panthéonisation – relève davantage d’une communication politique savamment réfléchie que d’une volonté du Président de manifester ses goûts ou convictions. Cette assertion une fois démontrée, il ne demeurera alors, comme ultime saillance de ce pugilat médiatique, qu’une violence qui sied fort peu avec Camus, y compris d’ailleurs – si ce n’est peut-être davantage – dans le chef de ceux qui se sont bien souvent considérés comme les défenseurs de sa mémoire.
A theoretical analysis of the burn-out times of an isothermal particle of coal char under air-firing, gasification and oxyfuel combustion in fluidised beds
Authors: Omojola Toyin
Published: May 2021

The combustion of coal in air, its gasification with carbon dioxide, and oxyfuel combustion in oxygen/carbon dioxide mixtures was studied at high process temperatures in a bubbling fluidised bed reactor where burning is controlled by external mass transfer conditions. Theoretical analysis of the burn-out times of an isothermal particle of coal char in air is provided for the case where a fraction of carbon monoxide is oxidized close to the char particle. Burn-out time equations are provided for the gasification of char in carbon dioxide. Both burn-out time equations are compared to analytical equations derived for the oxy-fuel combustion of char particles in oxygen/carbon dioxide mixtures. The results are particularly relevant for retrofitting existing bubbling fluidised bed reactors for sustainable energy generation to meet global warming targets.
Photosynthetic Reaction Center Variants Made via Genetic Code Expansion Show Tyr at M210 Tunes the Initial Electron Transfer Mechanism
Authors: Weaver Jared , Lin Chi-Yun , Faries Kaitlyn M. , Mathews Irimpan , Russi Silvia , Holten Dewey , Kirmaier Christine , Boxer Steven
Published: May 2021

Photosynthetic reaction centers (RCs) from Rhodobacter sphaeroides were engineered to vary the electronic properties of a key tyrosine close to an essential electron transfer component (M210) via its replacement with site-specific genetically encoded noncanonical amino acid tyrosine analogs. High fidelity of noncanonical amino acid incorporation was verified with mass spectrometry and x-ray crystallography and demonstrated that RC variants exhibit no significant structural alterations relative to wild-type. Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy indicates the excited primary electron donor, P*, decays via an approximately 4 ps and 20 ps population to produce the charge-separated state P+HA- in all variants. Global analysis indicates that in the 4 ps population P+HA- forms through a 2-step process P* –> P+BA– –> P+HA-, while in the 20 ps population it forms via a 1-step P* –> P+HA– superexchange mechanism. The percentage of P* population that decays via the superexchange route varies from approximately 25% to 45% among variants while in wild-type this percentage is approximately 15%. Increases in the P* population which decays via superexchange correlates with increases in free energy of the P+BA– intermediate caused by a given M210 tyrosine analog. This was experimentally estimated through resonance Stark spectroscopy, redox titrations, and near-infrared absorption measurements. As the most energetically perturbative variant, 3-nitrotyrosine at M210 creates an approximately 110 meV increase in the free energy of P+BA– along with a dramatic diminution of the 1030 nm transient absorption band indicative of P+BA– formation. Collectively this work indicates the tyrosine at M210 tunes the mechanism of primary electron transfer in the RC.
Flora of Singapore precursors, 22: typifying Tongkat Ali and other notes on the Simaroubaceae in Singapore
Authors: Turner I.M.
Published: May 2021

The native Simaroubaceae of Singapore (four genera with one species each) are listed with full synonymy and typification. In the absence of any original material, a neotype is designated for Eurycoma longifolia Jack. Recent collections confirm Samadera indica Gaertn. as native in Singapore. In total 14 lectotypes and 3 neotypes are designated.
Flora of Singapore precursors, 23: Notes on Ochnaceae in Singapore
Authors: Turner I.M.
Published: May 2021

The native Ochnaceae of Singapore (five species from three genera) are listed with synonymy and typification. An epitype is designated for Euthemis elegantissima Wall. to fix the application of the name in the sense of Brackenridgea hookeri (Planch.) A.Gray. In addition, 17 lectotypes (including 13 at the second step) and three neotypes (two at the second step) are designated here
A review of Desmodium s.l. (Leguminosae, subfamily Papilionoideae) in Singapore and nomenclature updates in the Malay Peninsula
Authors: Ho B.C. , Yeo R,S.W. , Chen L.M.J.
Published: May 2021

All Desmodium Desv. species previously included in the most recent published checklist for Singapore have been recently transferred to Grona Lour. Desmodium scorpiurus (Sw.) Desv. and Pleurolobus gangeticus (L.) J.St.-Hil. are reported here as non-native new records for Singapore. An identification key to the species of the Desmodium group in Singapore is provided. Descriptions are provided for the new records based on the Singapore specimens. A lectotype is designated for Desmodium polycarpon var. albiflorum Ridl. which is reduced to synonymy of Grona heterocarpos (L.) H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi subsp. heterocarpos var. heterocarpos. Second step lectotypifications are designated here for Hedysarum heterophyllum Willd. and Hedysarum scorpiurus Sw. 30 species names in tribe Desmodieae for the Malay Peninsula with updated nomenclature is given.
Paraboea khaoyaica (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Thailand
Authors: Kaitongsuk S. , Triboun P. , Suddee S. , Ue-Aree P. , Sungkaew S.
Published: May 2021

Paraboea khaoyaica Kaitongsuk, Triboun & Sungkaew, a new species from Southeastern Thailand, is described and illustrated and its conservation status is assessed. The species is currently only known from the type locality.
Colonial botany and the shifting identity of Balanostreblus ilicifolius Kurz (Moraceae)
Authors: Gardner E.M.
Published: May 2021

The protologue of Balanostreblus ilicifolius Kurz included the citation of specimens from Bangladesh and Myanmar of a plant now called Taxotrophis ilicifolia (Kurz) S.Vidal. However, the description in the protologue and the accompanying illustration were based largely on the Neotropical Sorocea guilleminiana Gaudich., which was cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta and has similar vegetative characters. This paper seeks to resolve a century of confusion over the identity of Balanostreblus ilicifolius and reviews its history in light of historical correspondence relating to its identity and the trans-continental exchange of plants under British colonialism. The paper concludes that a previous attempt to typify Balanostreblus ilicifolius with an uncited cultivated specimen of Sorocea guilleminiana should be superseded with material from Myanmar cited in the protologue. A lectotype is designated, fixing the application of the name, which can now serve as the basionym of Taxotrophis ilicifolia.