bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İş/Kişisel Yaşam Sınırı Yönetimi Ölçeklerinin Yapısökümüne Uğratılması ve Yeniden Yapılandırılması: Bir Meta-Sentez
Authors: TUNÇEL Özgür
Published: February 2024

Mevcut araştırma, mercek altına alınan çalışmaların ölçek ifadelerindeki belirgin veya gömülü anlamların; sistematik, karşılaştırıcı, yapısökümcü, yeniden yapılandırmacı ve sentezleyici bir tarzda teorik çerçeveyle bilimsel kanıt köprüleri kurarak derinden sorgulanması bağlamında; ölçek yapılarının iş/yaşam sınırı yönetimi terminolojisini nasıl temsil ettiğine ve bu sınırların nasıl yönetilebileceğine dair yeni anlamlar, tasvirler, yorumlar, bilgiler ve içgörüler inşa etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden meta-sentez tasarımında gerçekleştirilmiş ve buna ilaveten araştırmada amaçlı örnekleme yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Veri analizi-sentezi sürecinde, araştırmaya dâhil edilen 18 ampirik uluslararası çalışmanın ölçeklerinin (46 ölçek ve ilgili 209 ölçek ifadesi) içerik geçerliliği; yapısökümcü okuma ve anlama tekniğiyle analiz edilmiş ve açığa çıkarılan gömülü anlamların derinlemesine yorumlanması veya ifadelerdeki açık anlamların betimlenmesi sonucunda sınır yönleri, mekanizmaları, alanları ve yapıları keşfedilerek sınıflandırılmıştır. Son olarak da incelenen çalışmaların ölçek ifadelerinin anlamlarının tematik sentezi gerçekleştirilerek kategori matrisleri oluşturulmuş ve bu matrislerden yola çıkılarak çok katmanlı bir sınır yönetimi modeli geliştirilmiştir. Mevcut araştırmanın; terminolojik karışıklık ve birbirine benzer ölçek yapılarının hızla gereğinden fazla çoğalması ana problemlerine yönelik farklı çözümler getirmesiyle ve iş/yaşam sınırlarının yönetimi için sınır koşullarının nasıl olması gerektiğine dair yeni ve derin bir bakış açısı ortaya koymasıyla bilimsel bilgi üretimine önemli bir katkı sağlayacağı öngörülmektedir.
Some Results about Acts over Monoid and Bounded Linear Operators
Authors: Ibrahem Nadia M. J. , AL-Hussani Uhood S. , Mohammed Ali Muna Jasim
Published: February 2024

الأثر V بالنسبة إلى   sinshT و خواصه قد تم دراسته في هذا البحث حيث تم دراسة علاقة الأثر المخلص والاثر المنتهى التولد والاثر المنفصل وربطها بالمؤثرات المتباينة حيث تم بهنة العلاقات التالية ان الاثر اذا وفقط اذا مقاس في حالة كون المؤثر هو عديم القوة وكذلك في حالة كون المؤثر شامل فان الاثر هو منتهي التولد اي ان الغضاء هو منتهي التولد وايضا تم برهن ان الاثر مخلص لكل مؤثر مقيد وك\لك قد تم التحقق من انه لاي مؤثر مقيد فان الاثر منفصل وفي حالة كون الاثر منفصل فان المؤثر سوف يكون متباين وايضا تم برهنة انه في حالة كون الفضاء يمتلك قاعدة فان الاثر سوف يكون كل عنصر فيه يمكن كتابته كتركيبة خطية ومن العلاقات المهمة التي قد تم برهانها انه اذا كان المؤثر مشابه لمؤثر اخر فان الاثر سوف يكون نوثيرين بوجد شرط على الفضاء  .
Plan de negocio de venta de máquinas para gimnasios en Santiago de Surco
Authors:   , Ascasibar Asalde Carmen Ivonne , Medrano López Wilfredo Randall , Amaya Lagos Andrea Milagros , Celis Onofre Jacqueline Chris , Arévalo Ortega Elisa Jhael
Published: February 2024

En este plan de negocios vamos a investigar la viabilidad de invertir en un distribuidora y comercializadora de máquinas para gimnasio, con el fin de prestar un servicio a centro de entrenamientos y a personas naturales que deseen entrenar desde sus hogares. Es bien sabido que motivo del aislamiento que se genera como prevención de contagio ante el covid-19 existe un creciente número de personas que se vieron en la necesidad de entrenar en casa, por que requieren además de la máquina, orientación para hacerlo posible. Cabe señalar que como motivo general de marketing se espera vender un total de 229 máquinas de entrenamiento cuando la empresa cumpla su primer año de funcionamiento y posicionarse como distribuidor local. Partiendo de una inversión en activos fijos de S/ 30,614 soles, se concluye que es factible y que es el momento propicio ya que los centros de entrenamiento se están reactivando.
Nivel de estrés y hábitos alimentarios en profesionales de la salud en el Hospital San José de Chincha, 2020
Authors:   , Muñante Tello Erika Lizeth
Published: February 2024

Introducción: El estrés laboral y los hábitos alimentarios son factores que intervienen en el estilo de vida, más aún en tiempo de alerta sanitaria al nivel mundial. Objetivo: Determinar la relación del nivel de estrés y los hábitos alimentarios en profesionales de la salud en el hospital San José de Chincha, 2020. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, correlacional y de corte transversal con profesionales de la salud del hospital San José de Chincha, 2020. Se aplicó dos encuestas previamente validadas por investigaciones anteriores. Los datos fueron analizados mediante programas estadísticos el SPSS y Microsoft Excel. Resultados: No se encontró asociación entre el nivel de estrés y sus hábitos alimentarios (p= 0.495) (t= 0.226). Conclusión: No se encontró asociación entre el nivel de estrés con sus hábitos alimentarios en tiempo de alerta sanitaria por el COVID 19.
Manajemen Kearsipan Dalam Menunjang Kegiatan Administrasi Bidang Tata Usaha di SMKN 2 Ponorogo
Authors: Elin Anisa Dilla  , Werdiningsih Wilis
Published: February 2024

In implementing school activities, archive management is a source of information in planning, organizing and evaluating which will be used as a guide in decision making. Archives management influences administrative activities in the administrative sector. With good archives management, it will be easier for the school to obtain the necessary archives through the administration sector. In managing archives, SMKN 2 Ponorogo has special administrative staff. Archives are neatly arranged with clearly written codes, which makes it easier for administrative members when they need archives when needed. The objectives of the research are: 1) to understand the stages of archive creation and management; 2) know the stages of use and maintenance of archives; 3) as well as knowing the stages of determining the final fate of archives in supporting administrative activities in the administrative sector at SMKN 2 Ponorogo. This research uses a qualitative approach. Data collection through in-depth interviews, documentation and observation. Data analysis uses a data condensation model, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Based on data analysis, the following results were found: 1) The archive creation stage was carried out by internal and external parties. Meanwhile, archive management is directly carried out by the TU department; 2) All parties are allowed to use the archives at SMKN 2 Ponorogo but must be intermediary with TU staff. Meanwhile, archive maintenance is carried out using an archive storage system, namely soft file and hard file storage; 3) Stage of determining the final fate of the archive. If archives are still needed they will be saved, but for archives that are not needed they will be burned; 4) With archive management, the archives in the administration section are more organized and neatly stored so that at any time the archives are needed easily.
Association Rules Mining Based on Fuzzy Soft Set
Authors: rohidin dede , Samsudin Noor Azah , Matderis Mustafa
Published: February 2024

Association rules mining is used to find interesting relations such as frequent patterns, correlations, and associations from data sets. Some association rule mining algorithms use data transactions in Boolean, categorical, or quantitative data. Meanwhile, a soft set theory is a mathematical tool often used to deal with data uncertainty. A soft set has excellent potential for application in many directions. The idea of mining association rules on transactional data based on a soft set was initiated by Herawan and Deris. After that, Feng Feng et al. provide further detailed insight into that idea. This idea provides new directions for implementing soft set theory in data mining areas. Whereas in the real world, many problems contain uncertainty, imprecise, and noise, represented by fuzzy soft sets. This paper proposed the approach of association rules mining based on a fuzzy soft set. For this purpose, new objective measures have been defined, such as fuzzy soft support ( fs-sup ) and fuzzy soft confidence ( fs-conf ). The experiment on breast cancer dataset showed that the objective measures properly facilitate the mining association rule of a fuzzy soft set.
Intrinsic anticipatory motives in non-human primate food consumption behaviour
Authors: Inkeller Judit , Knakker Balázs , Kovács Péter , Lendvai Balázs , Hernádi István
Published: February 2024

Behaviours that are regulated with future goals and drive states in mind are regarded as cornerstones of human cognition. One key phenomenon through which future-orientation can be studied is the delay of gratification, quantified by the waiting time for which an individual withstands the consumption of an immediate reward to achieve a larger reward available after a certain delay. The delays used in animal delayed gratification paradigms are rather short to be considered relevant for studying human-like future-orientation. Here, for the first time, we show that rhesus macaques exhibit human-relevant future-orientation downregulating their operant food consumption in anticipation of a nutritionally equivalent but more palatable food with an unprecedentedly long delay of approx. 2.5 hours. This behaviour was not learnt gradually through conditioning but was readily displayed after a single exposure to a two-session “worse-now & better-later” food schedule. Importantly, no food choice was directly imposed by the experiment itself, but the animals intrinsically adjusted their behaviour to their satiation dynamics across the sessions, demonstrating their superior ability to anticipate future drive states. Our results have a strong implication that the cognitive time horizon of primates, when faced with ecologically valid foraging-like experimental situations, extends much further into the future than previously considered. In agreement with past observations from the broader perspective of animal foresight and planning, the present findings open new avenues that up till now have been opaque for translational biomedical research.
Talaromyces sedimenticola sp. nov., isolated from the Mariana Trench
Authors: Zhou Hongbo , Xu Liting , Liu Wenxian , Ta Kaiwen , Wang Xincun , Guo Jianwei , Luo Wenxi , Peng Zhiyuan , Huang Qiaoni , Wang Yuguang
Published: February 2024

Two fungal strains (K-2T and S1) were isolated from the deepest ocean sediment of the Challenger Deep located in the Mariana Trench. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene sequences of the isolates K-2T and S1 differed from their closely related species, such as Talaromyces assiutensis, and T. trachyspermus, by exhibiting 7%-7.88% sequence divergence (30–36 nt substitutions and 4–9 gaps). Phylogenetic analyses based on single and concatenated alignments of the ITS gene, the β-tubulin (benA) gene, the calmodulin (cam) gene, and the second-largest subunit fragment of RNA polymerase II (rpb2) gene showed that the isolates K-2T and S1 were clustered together with other species of the genus Talaromyces such as T. trachyspermus and T. assiutensis, as evidenced by the position on a terminal branch with high bootstrap support. They could also be distinguished from their closest relatives with validly published names by morphological and physiological characteristics, for example, growing at 4–50°C with pH 1.5–12. Based on phylogenetic, morphological, and physicochemical properties, they represent a novel species in the genus Talaromyces, for which the name Talaromyces sedimenticola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is K-2T (= GDMCC 3.746 = JCM 39451).
Enantioselective Synthesis of Amino Acids by Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 on Chiral Mesostructured ZnS
Authors: Che Shunai , Cui Yongping , Ai Jing , Han Lu , Duan Yingying , Liu Junhong , Liu Xi , Chen Liwei , Jia Menghui , Chen Jinquan , Chu Chaoyang , Ma Yanhang , Ouyang Tianwei , Fang Yuxi
Published: February 2024

The diverse products resulting from CO2 reduction and fixation via solar energy in natural systems spans from small molecules to biomolecules. So far, only a few multicarbon species have been obtained by artificial CO2 photoreduction1-5, especially abiotic photosynthesis of biomolecules with various functional groups has long been a fundamental yet challenging issue. Herein, we report the photocatalytic synthesis of amino acids from CO2 and NH3 on a chiral mesostructured ZnS (CMZ) nanosphere constructed by arrays of chiral nanorods. Serine (Ser), with an enantiomeric excess (ee) greater than 96% is the main component of various amino acids with a total yield of over 30 μmol gcat -1. The experimental data showed that C-C coupling allows the reaction access to the Ser formation pathway through *OCCO intermediates. Chiral induced spin polarization of CMZ has been speculated to facilitate the separation of photogenerated carriers and production of stable triplet OCCO. Different activation energies of reduction reactions driven by the spin-polarized electrons in CMZ would lead to the formation of enantiomeric amino acids. Our findings would inspire new perspectives in catalytic theory and the formation of chiral biomolecules in both artificial synthesis and nature.
Exploring Trait Differences in Neurofeedback Learners: A Single-session Sham-Controlled Pilot Study
Authors: Tipple Celeste , White David , Ciorciari Joseph
Published: February 2024

Neurofeedback (NF) is a form of biofeedback that involves individuals monitoring and shifting brain activity towards a desired direction. The objective of this study was to investigate whether there are differences between NF learners and non-learners on psychometric traits such as the NEO PI-R personality factors, self-regulation questionnaire (SRQ) and the need for cognition scale (NFC). A total of 34 participants were randomly allocated to a single-blind randomised sham-controlled protocol 3-arm study of single-session theta NF, with 12 in a spatially defined frontal-midline theta (FM-theta) group, 11 in a functionally defined medial temporal/parietal lobe (MTL-theta) group and 11 allocated to a yoked sham NF group. The baseline session included screening of participants, trait based behavioural measures (SRQ, NFC and NEO PI-R) and the completion of cognitive tasks with EEG recording to determine individualised peak theta activity for NF training. NF learners and non-learners were evaluated using changes in absolute theta power and the percentage of time spent above threshold using Spearman’s correlation coefficient from a total of 30min of NF exposure. Significant differences in psychometric traits between NF learners and non-learners differed depending on learning metrics. Results indicated that NF learners reported higher SRQ total scores, SRQ decision making, SRQ goal setting subfactors and NEO PI-R conscientiousness, but were significantly lower in NEO PI-R extraversion compared to non-learners. Future research should consider replicating methods to larger sample sizes to further establish psychometric differences related to successful NF learning.
Limitations of poromechanical first-order computational homogenization for the representation of micro-scale volume changes
Authors: Thiesen José Luís Medeiros , Klahr Bruno , Carniel Thiago André , Fancello Eduardo Alberto
Published: February 2024

Poromechanical computational homogenization models relate the behavior of a macro-scale poroelastic continuum to phenomena occurring at smaller (and also poroelastic) spatial scales. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of classical micro-scale boundary conditions for the pore pressure field, namely Taylor Boundary Condition (TBC-p), Linear Boundary Condition (LBC-p), Periodic Boundary Condition (PBC-p) and Uniform Boundary Flux (UBF-p), in terms of their accuracy in representing primary (pore pressure) and dual (relative fluid velocity) fields in finite-strain multiscale poromechanical problems. A specific benchmark problem was formulated to investigate the performance of these approaches in scenarios where the rate of the volumetric Jacobian is non-zero, a condition of significant physical interest, especially in contexts such as swelling. Numerical results show that the UBF-p and PBC-p approaches effectively capture the behavior of Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) during the early time steps. However, deviations from the expected behavior occur when the Representative Volume Element (RVE) undergoes significant volume changes. It is concluded that the observed limitations are due to the first-order nature of the multiscale model. This study highlights the need for more sophisticated computational homogenization poromechanical models that can accurately capture the complex interplay between fluid flow and deformation at different length scales. Second-order computational homogenization models can be alternatives to overcome the limitations of first-order multiscale poromechanical models by enriching the information coming from the macro-scale and relaxing the constraints on the fluid flow at the RVE boundaries.
Genetically Encoded DNA-RNA Segregation Stimulates Biomimetic Multiphase Compartments
Authors: Shum Ho , Guo Wei , Li Xiufeng , Kinghorn Andrew , Pan Yi , Lau Kwan , Mao Tianjiao , Wang Fang , Yang Zhenyu , Chen Feipeng , Li Xiaolai , Chen Ying , Zhang Yage , Song Yang
Published: February 2024

DNA and RNA are compartmentalized into distinct, heterogeneous structures within cells. However, the separation between RNA and DNA, especially in the absence of modern transcription machinery, is inherently hindered by thermodynamic constraints such as complementary base pairing and entropic mixing. Here, we demonstrate that atomic-level molecular difference between single-stranded DNA and RNA bearing identical sequences can drive the separation of DNA and RNA when complexed with peptides. This molecular mechanism is exploited to develop a family of oligonucleotides that enables DNA-RNA segregation within coacervates, resulting in a library of genetically encoded multiphase droplets containing coexisting DNA- and RNA-rich phases. These droplets emulate the structures and functions of multiphase nuclear compartments found in cells. Our results underscore the significance of pentose sugar mutation in DNA and RNA, which affect the genetic material organization in contemporary cells and could provide an evolutionary advantage during the transition from RNA to DNA genomes.
Management of acute cholecystitis in patients older than the expected life expectancy: Is the Tokyo Guidelines 2018 still practical?
Authors: CHANG YAUREN , Wu Yu-Tung , Chen Szu-An , Fu Chih-Yuan , Hsu Chih-Po , Cheng Chi-Tung , Kuo Ling-Wei , Huang Jen-Fu , Liao Chien-Hung , Hsieh Chi-Hsun
Published: February 2024

Background
As the global population ages, the incidence of acute cholecystitis is increasing. Tokyo Guidelines 2018 are established as the standard for managing this condition. However, the applicability in elderly patients, who often have comorbidities and higher surgical risks, is uncertain. This study assesses the feasibility of using the guidelines to manage acute cholecystitis in patients aged 85 and older.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis on patients aged ≥ 85 diagnosed with acute cholecystitis between 2011 and 2021. Patient demographics, disease severity, comorbidities, and treatment outcomes were examined. Patients were categorized into three groups based on severity and adherence to recommendations.
Results
Among 166 elderly patients with acute cholecystitis, guideline compliance varied by severity. Adherence to the guidelines resulted in better outcomes, including shorter hospital stays and fewer complications, for mild (group I) and moderate (group II) cases. Severe cases (group III) had similar outcomes regardless of guideline adherence.
Conclusions
This study suggests that the Tokyo Guidelines 2018 is applicable to elderly patients aged 85 and older with acute cholecystitis. Better outcomes were observed when patients followed the guidelines, particularly in mild and moderate cases. Tailoring treatment to individual needs is paramount for optimizing outcomes in severe cases within this age group.
16S rRNA gene amplicon-based gut microbiome signature in cerebral vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: A prospective nested case-control pilot study
Authors: Klepinowski Tomasz , Skonieczna-Żydecka Karolina , Łoniewski Igor , Pettersson Samuel , Wierzbicka-Woś Anna , Kaczmarczyk Mariusz , Palma Joanna , Sawicki Marcin , Poncyljusz Wojciech , Taterra Dominik , Alshafai Nabeel , Stachowska Ewa , Ogilvy Christopher , Sagan Leszek
Published: February 2024

A recent systematic review indicated that gut-microbiota-brain axis contributes to growth and rupture of intracranial aneurysms. However, gaps were detected in the role of intestinal microbiome in cerebral vasospasm (CVS) after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). This is the first pilot study aiming to test study feasibility and identify differences in gut microbiota between subjects with and without CVS following aSAH. A prospective nested case-control study with 1:1 matching was conducted recruiting subjects with aSAH: cases with CVS; and controls without CVS based on the clinical picture and structured bedside transcranial Doppler (TCD). Fecal samples for microbiota analyses by means of 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing were collected within the first 96 hours after ictus. Operational taxonomic unit tables were constructed, diversity metrics calculated, phylogenetic trees built, and differential abundance analysis (DAA) performed. At baseline, the groups did not differ significantly in basic demographic and aneurysm-related characteristics (p > 0.05). Alpha-diversity (richness and Shannon Index) was significantly reduced in cases of middle cerebral artery (MCA) vasospasm (p < 0.05). In DAA, relative abundance of genus Acidaminococcus was associated with MCA vasospasm (p = 0.00013). Two butyrate-producing genera, Intestinimonas and Butyricimonas, as well as [Clostridium] innocuum group had the strongest negative correlation with the mean blood flow velocity in anterior cerebral arteries (p < 0.01; rho = -0.63; -0.57, and − 0.57, respectively). In total, 16 gut microbial genera were identified to correlate with TCD parameters, and two intestinal genera correlated with outcome upon discharge. In this pilot study, we prove study feasibility and present the first preliminary evidence of gut microbiome signature associating with CVS as a significant cause of stroke in subjects with aSAH.
Preparing pure 43Ca+ samples in an ion trap with photoionization and parametric excitations
Authors: Kuo Chun-Hsien , Hsiao Yuan-Chih , Jhang Chen-Yu , Chen Yi-Dong , Tung Shih-Kuang
Published: February 2024

We present a practical scheme for the efficient preparation of laser-cooled 43Ca+ ions in an ion trap. Our approach integrates two well-established methods: isotope-selective photoionization and isotope-specific parametric excitation. Drawing inspiration from the individual merits of each method, we have successfully integrated these techniques to prepare extended chains of 43Ca+ ions, overcoming the challenge posed by their low natural abundance of 0.135% in a natural source. Furthermore, we explore the subtleties of our scheme, focusing on the influence of different factors on the purification process. Our investigation contributes to a broader understanding of the technique and highlights the adaptability of established methods in addressing specific isotopic challenges.
miR-223 Accelerates Lipid Droplets Clearance in Microglia following Spinal Cord Injury by Upregulating ABCA1
Authors: Ou Zhilin , Cheng Yongquan , Ma Hao , Chen Kai , Lin Qiong , Chen Jiayu , Guo Ruqin , Huang Zhiping , Cheng Qixian , Alaeiilkhchi Nima , Zhu Qingan , Huang Zucheng , Jiang Hui
Published: February 2024

Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) is characterized by extensive demyelination and inflammatory responses. Facilitating the clearance of lipid droplets (LDs) within microglia contributes to creating a microenvironment that favors neural recovery and provides essential materials for subsequent remyelination. Therefore, investigating MicroRNAs (miRNAs) that regulate lipid homeostasis after SCI and elucidating their potential mechanisms in promoting LDs clearance in microglia have become focal points of SCI research.Methods We established a subacute C5 hemicontusion SCI model in mice and performed transcriptomic sequencing on the injury epicenter to identify differentially expressed genes and associated pathways. Confocal imaging was employed to observe LDs accumulation. Multi-omics analyses were conducted to identify differentially expressed mRNA and miRNA post-SCI. Pathway enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction network construction were performed using bioinformatics methods, revealing miR-223-Abca1 as a crucial miRNA-mRNA pair in lipid metabolism regulation. BV2 microglia cell lines overexpressing miR-223 were engineered, and immunofluorescence staining, western blot, and other techniques were employed to assess LDs accumulation, relevant targets, and inflammatory factor expression, confirming its role in regulating lipid homeostasis in microglia.Results Histopathological results of our hemicontusion SCI model confirmed LDs aggregation at the injury epicenter, predominantly within microglia. Our transcriptomic analysis during the subacute phase of SCI in mice implicated ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (Abca1) as a pivotal gene in lipid homeostasis, cholesterol efflux and microglial activation. Integrative mRNA-miRNA multi-omics analysis highlighted the crucial role of miR-223 in the neuroinflammation process following SCI, potentially through the regulation of lipid metabolism via Abca1. In vitro experiments using BV2 cells engineered to overexpress miR-223 showed that increased miR-223 levels enhanced ABCA1 expression in LPS-induced BV2 cells, promoting LDs clearance and inducing a shift towards an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype.Conclusions In summary, our study unveils the critical regulatory role of miR-223 in lipid homeostasis following SCI. The mechanism by which this occurs involves the upregulation of ABCA1 expression, which facilitates LDs clearance, consequently alleviating the lipid burden, and inhibiting inflammatory polarization in microglia. These findings suggest that strategies to enhance miR-223 expression and target Abca1, thereby augmenting LDs clearance, may emerge as appealing new clinical targets for treating SCI.
A Genome Wide CRISPR Profiling Approach Identifies Mechanisms of Cisplatin Resistance in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ludwig Megan , Birkeland Andrew , Smith Joshua , Gensterblum-Miller Elizabeth , Zhai JIngyi , Kulkarni Aditi , Jiang Hui , Brenner Chad
Published: February 2024

Background
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a lethal disease with poor survival rates, especially for cancers arising in the oral cavity or larynx. Cisplatin is a key chemotherapeutic for HNSCC; however poor survival rates may be partially due to cisplatin resistance observed in some HNSCCs. Here, we examined the utility of genome-wide CRISPR knockout profiling for nominating pivotal mechanisms of cisplatin resistance in HNSCC models.
Methods
We characterized the cisplatin sensitivity of 18 HNSCC cell lines. Next, we used a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 library to identify genes involved in cisplatin resistance. We next performed validation assays in the UM-SCC-49 cell line model.
Results
Our data prioritized 207 genes as pivotal for cisplatin resistance in HNSCC, including novel genes VGLL3, CIRHA1, NCOR1, SPANXA1, MAP2K7, ULK1, and CDK16. Gene set enrichment analysis identified several NOTCH family genes comprising the top pathway driving cisplatin resistance, which we then validated using a targeted NOTCH1 knockout model. Interestingly, we noted that HNSCC models with natural NOTCH pathway alterations including single allele mutations and/or frameshift alterations had diverse responses to cisplatin treatment suggesting that complex and multi-faceted mechanisms contribute to cisplatin resistance in HNSCC.
Conclusions
Collectively, our study validates a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 approach for the discovery of resistance mechanisms in HNSCC, adds to the growing evidence that NOTCH1 status should be evaluated as a biomarker of cisplatin response and provides a framework for future work aimed at overcoming cisplatin resistance.
Associations among early health-related quality of life, mental resilience, and social support in patients after surgery for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a longitudinal study
Authors: Wang Anqi , Tang Di , Zhao Jianghan , Yang Shuo , Fang Haiqin , Jiang Liying
Published: February 2024

Background
The level of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in postoperative osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) patients through a longitudinal investigation, as well as the influential factors on life quality were explored. The mediation effect between mental resilience and social support were also examined.
Methods
This study assessed the HRQoL, mental resilience, and social support of patients at baseline 1 day post-surgery (T1), 1 month post-surgery (T2), and 3 months post-surgery (T3) through evaluation. A total of 155 postoperative OVCFs patients completed the baseline survey, with 150 and 140 participants completing the follow-up surveys at T2 and T3, respectively. Correlation analyses were conducted to explore the relationship at each time point. Multiple linear regression was performed to identify those potential influential factors. A structural equation model was utilized to construct a comprehensive longitudinal path model for longitudinal mediation analysis.
Results
Although the level of HRQoL, mental resilience, and social support still remain at relatively lower level at 3 time points, they gradually elevated with time. Mental resilience (r = 0.293, P < 0.01) and social support (r = 0.257, P < 0.01) show significant correlations with HRQoL. Multiple linear regression analysis of T3 indicates that the history of smoking (β=−0.137, P < 0.001), gender (β=−0.154, P < 0.001), and diabetes (β = 0.126, P = 0.001) are independent factors related to the HRQoL of patients after OVCFs surgery. Longitudinal mediation analysis suggests that social support affects HRQoL through mental resilience (β = 1.017, P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Mental resilience and social support are strongly intertwined with HRQoL of OVCFs patients after surgery in the early postoperative stage. Public health initiatives could be provided to promote social support and strengthen their mental resilience, thereby improving their life quality after OVCFs surgery.
Automatic Osteotomy Preoperative Planning for Forearm with Congenital Radioulnar Synostosis: A Dual Hierarchical Optimization Strategy
Authors: Zhou Tianfeng , Cui Ying , Guo Yubing , Zhou Xinhua , Liu Lu , Chen Shanlin
Published: February 2024

Congenital radioulnar synostosis (CRUS) presents a complex forearm deformity, requiring precise osteotomy planning for anatomical restoration. This study proposes an automatic osteotomy preoperative planning method for forearms with CRUS. Proximal forearm bones are first aligned with the template forearm and then a dual hierarchical optimization (DHO) strategy is used to optimize the spatial transformation parameters of the distal fragment. The subsequent optimization aims to maximize the overlap of cross-sections between proximal and distal fragments. Rotational simulations are ultimately conducted to predict postoperative forearm rotational functionality. The DHO strategy effectively restores ideal forearm morphology, with maximum deviations of 1.66 and 2.13 mm for the ulna and radius, respectively. The deformity angles of forearm bones are reduced to 1.35°, 1.39°, 4.83°, 1.20°, 1.03°, and 8.56°. Rotation function analysis reveals a noticeable improvement in achievable rotation range compared to plans by senior surgeons. Automated mobilization osteotomy planning, using the DHO strategy, shows potential for individualized CRUS corrective surgery, offering comprehensive and precise preoperative guidance.
Mechanism and experimental verification of non-uniform pressure in viscous pressure forming
Authors: Wang Zeyu , Wang Zhongjin , Li Zexin
Published: February 2024

The plastic deformation of the complex thin-walled components is not uniform. Applying a non-uniform load can decrease the thickness reduction and improve the thickness uniformity. In recent years, the application of non-uniform pressure to deform the sheet (such as magnetorheological pressure forming and viscous pressure forming) has attracted researchers’ attention. However, the characteristics of the non-uniform pressure have not been researched. Control of the non-uniform pressure in the forming process lacks theoretical support. In this study, the mechanism of the non-uniform pressure in the viscous pressure bulge test is investigated. The pressure-carrying medium, called viscous medium, is semi-solid and flowable. The inhomogeneous flow behavior of the medium produces non-uniform pressure when the maximum is at the bulged pole. The inhomogeneous deformation behavior of the medium produces non-uniform pressure when the minimum is at the bulged pole. The effects of flow and deformation are opposite. The non-uniform pressure function is derived, and the evolution of the pressure is presented. During forming, the viscosity of the medium increases with the pressure, so the effect of the flow behavior increases, and the pressure weight at the pole increases. Viscous pressure bulge tests are carried out to verify the theory. The gradient and evolution of the pressure can be controlled by the loading velocity and the property of the medium. The results provide theoretical guidance for the control of the pressure in viscous pressure forming, and the methodology is expected to analyze the non-uniform pressure in other flexible die forming processes.
In vitro experiments confirm that CX3CR1 can be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis
Authors: +Huang jun pu , Zheng xifan , Meng jinzhi , Wang Hongtao , Chen lingyun , Yao Jun
Published: February 2024

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by degenerative changes in the articular cartilage and secondary osteophytes. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in osteoarthritis have not yet been fully elucidated. This study aims to screen genes associated with osteoarthritis and analyze the molecular mechanisms associated with it, aiming to find credible biomarkers.
Methods: The signature gene (CX3CR1) was obtained by downloading the microarray expression profiling dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) public database and screened using R software. The CX3CR1-related DEGs were obtained by correlation analysis and were analysed by gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway (KEGG), and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) for enrichment and immunocorrelation analyses. In addition, a ceRNA network was constructed. qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry were used to verify CX3CR1 expression in vitro.
Results:CX3CR1 was used as the signature gene by screening in this research. And CX3CR1 was found to affect the development of osteoarthritis mainly through lipid metabolism-related functions and pathways. The number of immune cells, such as mast cells activated may have an impact on the progression of OA. The results of qRT-PCR, Western blot, and Immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated the high expression of CX3CR1 in the OA group.
Conclusions:CX3CR1 and its related molecules may play an important role in the development of osteoarthritis and can be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis.
Prosthetic infection caused by Ruminococcus gnavus following total knee arthroplasty. Challenges in anaerobic bacteria identification
Authors: Tristancho-Baró Alexander , Viñeta-Valdelvira Victor , García-Lechuz Juan Manuel , Rezusta Antonio
Published: February 2024

Background Ruminococcus gnavus is a Gram positive, non-sporulated, obligate anaerobe diplococci. It was first described in 1974 by Moore et al from faeces and contents of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and it is a relatively common member of the human gut microbiota, nevertheless its role as a pathogenic bacteria has not been completely elucidated yet and it seems to depend of numerous factors, including those of the host. Here we present a case of prosthetic joint infection following total knee arthroplasty by R. gnavus.Case presentation A 74 years old patient was admitted to the emergency department (day 0) presenting with acute onset of left knee pain and swallowing 20 days after total left knee arthroplasty due to erythema and oedema without signs of fluctuation or purulent discharge from the surgical wound and elevated inflammatory reactants. Perilesional skin swab and synovial fluid were taken for bacterial culture and antibiotic treatment with ceftazidime and daptomycin was established. Examination of samples revealed abundant polymorphonuclear leucocytes, without visualizing bacteria on both Gram smears. After four days of incubation, the anaerobic culture of the synovial fluid exhibit growth of small, grey, umbilicated colonies in pure culture on Schaedler agar. The microorganism was identified as Ruminococcus gnavus by MALDI-TOF and 16S ribosomal bacterial sequence. The isolated showed susceptibility to all anaerobicidal drugs except for Clindamycin. Wound healing required vacuum assisted therapy and the patient was discharged after six weeks with a 4-month course of oral amoxicillin as consolidation therapy.Conclusions Ruminococcus gnavus have been reported as the causal microorganism in a range of human infections, nevertheless its identification remains challenging. Infection of prosthetic joints by anaerobic microorganisms is uncommon and is not considered in its empirical antibiotic treatment, thus, correct and swift identification of anaerobic bacteria in these cases is paramount.
Design of customized mouthguards with superior protection using digital-based technologies and impact tests
Authors: Nasrollahzadeh Naser , Pioletti Dominique P. , Broome Martin
Published: February 2024

Background: In contact sports, an impact on the jaw can generate destructive stress on the tooth-bone system. Mouthguards can be beneficial in reducing the injury risk by changing the dynamics of the trauma. The material properties of mouthguards and their geometrical/structural attributes influence their protective performance. Custom-made mouthguards are the gold standard, and different configurations have been proposed to improve their protection and comfort. However, the effects of different design variables on the performance of customized mouthguards are not well understood.
Results: Herein, we developed a reliable finite element model to analyze contributing factors to the design of custom-made mouthguards. Accordingly, we evaluated the isolated and combined effect of layers' stiffness, thickness, and space inclusion on the protective capability of customized mouthguards. Our simulations revealed that a harder frontal region could distribute load and absorb impact energy through bending if optimally combined with a space inclusion. Moreover, a softer layer could enlarge the time of impact and absorb its energy by compression. We also showed that mouthguards present similar protection with either permanently bonded or mechanically interlocked components. We 3D-printed different mouthguards with commercial resins and performed impact tests to experimentally validate our simulation findings. The impact tests revealed that significantly higher dental protection could be achieved with 3D-printed configurations than conventionally fabricated customized mouthguards. In particular, the strain on the impacted incisor was attenuated around 50% more with a 3D-printed mouthguard incorporating a hard insert and space in the frontal region than a conventional Playsafe® Heavypro mouthguard.
Conclusions: The protective performance of a mouthguard could be maximized by optimizing its structural and material properties to reduce the risk of sports-related dental injuries. Combining finite element simulations, additive manufacturing, and impact tests provides an efficient workflow for developing functional mouthguards with higher protectiveness and athlete comfort. We envision the future with 3D-printed custom mouthguards presenting distinct attributes in different regions that are personalized by the user based on the sport and associated harshness of the impact incidences.
Autochthonous probiotic bacteria improve intestinal pathology and histomorphology, expression of immune and growth-related genes and resistance against Vibrio alginolyticus in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer)
Authors: Emam Seyyad Mojtaba , Mohammadian Babak , Mohammadian Takavar , Tabande Mohammad Reza
Published: February 2024

The study isolated two strains of intestinal autochthonous bacteria lactobacillus plantarum1 (MH155966.1) (L1) and lactobacillus plantarum2 (MH105076.1) (L2) from the Choobdeh Abadan region. To reveal the effects of these strains of bacteria on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, and histopathologic and histomorphometric characterization of the intestine, gut microflora, expression of immune and growth-related genes, and resistance against the disease of Lates calcarifer, examining 9 fish from each treatment, which after euthanasia, was placed 2 cm from the beginning of the intestine for microscopic sampling of villi height, villi width and thickness of the epithelium. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 3 treatments: pelleted feed without any probiotic (Diet 1); pelleted feed with Lactobacillus plantarum isolated 1 (L1), Lactobacillus plantarum isolated 2 (L2). For each treatment, 60 juveniles (75 ± 12 gr) were distributed in fiberglass tanks (1m3) and fed for 45 days. Differences in the mean values of total weight were found at the end of the experiment. After 45 days of culture, the fish fed feed with L1 had higher (P < 0.05) growth performance than the other treatment groups. But at the end of the trial, in L2, Digestive enzyme activities were higher (P < 0.05) than the other treatment groups. The fishes fed diets supplemented with the L2 group, like the Digestive enzyme activities test, presented an increase in the thickness of the epithelium of the intestine, and villus height, and villus width were greatest in L2. Fish feeding with L1 and L2 probiotics induced higher transcription levels of EGF, TGFβ, GMCFC, and IL-10 genes in the gut, which may correlate with better immune and hematological parameters in these groups. The results of the challenge test revealed that the percentage of survival was significantly higher in L1 and L2 treatments than in the control. These results indicate that host-derived probiotics (L. plantarum) have significant potential as important probiotics to enhance nutrient utilization, Digestive enzymes, and metabolism by increasing the gut surface area of Lates calcarifer juveniles at 45 days of culture.
CC7 transfer to median nerve and deep branch of ulnar nerve by pedicled ulnar nerve and medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve
Authors: Liu Yuzhou , Yu Hu , Zhuang Yongqing , Lao Jie
Published: February 2024

As for global brachial plexus avulsion (GBPA), the recoveries of intrinsic muscles are not satisfying after nerve transfers. A retrospective review of 31 patients treated with different CC7 transfers after GBPA was carried out. The modified group: CC7 transfer to median nerve and DBUN by medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve (MACN). The conventional group: CC7 transfer to median nerve. The mean follow-up period was 2.5 years. After CC7 transfers, one patient got M3, one patient got M2 and two patients got M1 in abductor digiti minimi (ADM) in the modified group, while no patients had recovery in ADM in the conventional group. The recoveries of abductor pollicis brevis (APB) were similar between two groups. Motor unit potentials (MUP) of ADM and dorsal interosseous muscle (DIM) appeared in 4 and 2 patients respectively after surgery in the modified group. Nobody gained MUP of ADM or DIM in the conventional group. There were no statistical differences of MUP in APB, compound motor action potential (CMAP) in FDPI and FCR between two groups. CC7 transfer to median nerve and DBUN by pedicled ulnar nerve and MACN could initially make intrinsic muscles regeneration in patients with GBPA, while not affect the recovery of median nerve.
Temperature-dependent variations in under-canopy herbaceous foliar diseases following shrub encroachment in grasslands
Authors: Liu Xiang , Dang Yinlin , Zhang Peng , Jiang Peixi , Ke Junsheng , Xiao Yao , Liu Mu , Liu Jianquan , Tian Bin
Published: February 2024

The spread of woody plants into grasslands represents a worldwide concern because of its impact on species biodiversity and ecosystem operations. However, our comprehension of the influence of shrubs on herbaceous diseases in grasslands is limited. In our study, we performed extensive examinations on herbaceous populations under the shrub canopy as well as nearby grassland patches in shrubby grasslands over 4,000 kilometers. This large-scale assessment encompassed grassland regions with significant variability in both temperature and precipitation. Our findings uncovered that shrubs elevated the under-canopy pathogen load of herbaceous foliar fungal diseases by increasing the air humidity of the herbaceous assemblages alongside aboveground biomass in warmer regions. However, in colder regions, shrub expansion reduced both pathogen load and herbaceous biomass below the canopy. Temperature, rather than precipitation, was the primary driver for the variations in biomass and herbaceous pathogen load in the variable under-canopy herbaceous populations. These contrasting alterations in herbaceous biomass and diseases following shrub expansion, along with the related environmental variations, emphasize the requirement for adaptive management approaches tailored to shrub encroachment scenarios.
Identification of novel gene variants causing autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss in Iranian families
Authors: Ajam-Hosseini Mobarakeh , Parvini Farshid , Angaji Abdolhamid
Published: February 2024

Background
Hearing loss (HL) is known as the most common sensory disorder in humans, with an incidence in 466 million people worldwide. This disorder is genetically highly heterogeneous, so that among the 180 genes responsible for HL, a disproportionate share of genes is involved in different ethnicities. Here, we report the underlying genetic cause of non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) segregating in four Iranian unrelated families.
Methods
In the first step, patients were examined for mutations in the common genes GJB2 and GJB6. After confirming the negativity of mutations in these genes, the affected patients were subjected to targeted exome sequencing (TES). Subsequently, Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the mutations found in the patients and their family members. In silico analyses were used to consider the possible deleterious effect of the identified variants on encoded proteins.
Results
TES revealed a novel intronic mutation c.490-8C > A in CABP2 gene, a novel ~ 154 kb deletion mutation including OTOA gene involved in HL, and two previously reported mutations c.413C > A and c.966dupC in TMPRSS3 and COL11A2 genes, respectively. In addition, segregation analysis and in-silico evaluations confirmed the disease-causing nature of mutations found.
Conclusion
Our findings could extend the pathogenic mutations spectrum of NSHL, highlight the high genetic heterogeneity of HL and also aid to conduct genetic counseling, prenatal diagnosis and clinical management of HL in the Iranian population.