bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anagrus avalae Soyka, 1956, a new synonym of A. bakkendorfi Soyka, 1946 (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae)
Authors: TRIAPITSYN SERGUEI V. , BAQUERO ENRIQUE , RUGMAN-JONES PAUL F.
Published: March 2021

Soyka (1946) described the European fairyfly species Anagrus bakkendorfi Soyka (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) from a single female collected on the same day, 7.x.1931, together with several non-type specimens incorrectly labeled as paratypes (Chiappini & Triapitsyn 1999), on a window at its type locality, the former St. Ignatius Jesuit College in Valkenburg, Limburg, the Netherlands. Soyka (1956) did not mention type specimens of any of his species of Anagrus Haliday. He described Anagrus avalae Soyka (Soyka 1956) based apparently on a specimen collected on Mt. Avala, Belgrade, Serbia, former Yugoslavia, along with several other nominal species (some also from Valkenburg) that were later synonymized with A. avalae and A. bakkendorfi by Chiappini (1989) and Chiappini & Triapitsyn (1999). The only, minor, morphological difference between the two nominal species is the length of the ovipositor in females relative to the length of the protibia, being at least 2.6× in A. bakkendorfi and at most 2.3× in A. avalae (Triapitsyn 2015). Specimens identifiable as both species were captured by the second author in 2000 by a Malaise trap in Iratibizkar, Irati Forest (Selva de Irati), Navarra, Spain. Chiappini & Triapitsyn (1999) discussed both nominal species but despite recognizing their apparent conspecificity, no formal synonymy was proposed. Triapitsyn & Berezovskiy (2004) and Triapitsyn (2015) also did not propose synonymy because at that time genetic evidence for conspecificity was lacking. However, Triapitsyn et al. (2019) obtained DNA and sequenced selected mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal gene regions (COI and ITS2) from a specimen unambiguously identified by the first author as A. avalae that was collected in Sevenoaks, Kent County, England, United Kingdom. Because of this we decided to collect fresh specimens identifiable as A. bakkendorfi for molecular analysis and genetic comparison with those identifiable as A. avalae. Based on the previous record (Triapitsyn 2015), several females of A. bakkendorfi were successfully captured by the second author on 4.ix.2020 in Irati Forest, preserved in ethanol, and shipped to the first and third authors for morphological and molecular identification, respectively.
GOES-16 observations of rapidly-intensifying tropical cyclones: Hurricanes Harvey (2017), Maria (2017), and Michael (2018)
Authors: Munsell Erin B. , Braun Scott A. , Zhang Fuqing
Published: March 2021

This study utilizes brightness temperatures (Tb’s) observed by the infrared longwave window band (Ch 14; 11.2 μm) from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-16 (GOES-16) to examine the structure of Hurricanes Harvey, Maria, and Michael throughout their lifetimes. During the times leading up to their rapid intensifications (RI), two-dimensional inner-core structures are examined to analyze the strength and location of the developing convection. Moderate vertical wind shear in the environments of Harvey and Michael induced a pronounced convective asymmetry prior to RI, followed by a rapid axisymmetrization that occurred essentially in conjunction with RI. The evolutions of the tropical cyclones’ (TCs’) coldest Tb’s indicate that the inner-core convective activity began to increase in the 12 h prior to RI onset, primarily in 2–4-h substantial “bursts”, while substantial convection dominated essentially the entirety of the region within 100 km of the surface center within 12 h of the onset of intensification.

Azimuthally averaged Tb evolutions illustrate the development of each TCs’ eye and eyewall, the variability of the radial extent of the central dense overcast associated with the diurnal cycle, as well as details of the evolving convective structures throughout intensification. Hövmoller diagrams of data at constant radii reveal areas of cold Tb’s propagating around the TCs on timescales of 2–3-h. The examination of these features in a deep-layer shear-relative sense reveals that they initiate primarily downshear of the TCs’ surface centers. As RI is reached, these areas of convection are able to propagate into the upshear quadrants, which helps facilitate the onset of more substantial intensification.
Application of Economic and Quantitative Tools for Merger Analysis in India
Authors: Tamarappoo Ramji , Malhotra Singh Neha
Published: March 2021

This article assesses how the use of economic analysis and quantitative tools has evolved in merger assessments in India and draws a comparison with practices in two of the advanced jurisdictions, the United States and the European Union. In addition, this article identifies the trends and the gaps that still persist in India, in terms of the adoption of analytical approaches in merger analysis.
Excessive Data Collection as a Form of Anticompetitive Conduct: The German Facebook Case
Authors: Witt Anne C.
Published: March 2021

In a high-profile decision of February 6, 2019, the German Federal Cartel Office prohibited Facebook’s data collection policy as an abuse of dominance for infringing its users’ constitutional right to privacy. The case triggered a remarkable interinstitutional dispute between the key players in German competition law. Conflicting rulings by the Düsseldorf Higher Regional Court and the German Federal Court of Justice further illustrate how deeply divided the antitrust community is on the role of competition law in regulating excessive data collection and other novel types of harm caused by dominant digital platforms. This contribution discusses the original prohibition decision, the ensuing court orders, and legislative reform proposals in the broader context of European Union and U.S. competition law.
Personalising laboratory medicine in the ‘real world’: Assessing clinical utility, by clinical indication, of serum total B12 and Active-B12® (holotranscobalamin) in the diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency
Authors: Murphy Michael J , Brandie Fiona , Ebare Mildred , Harrison Michelle , Dow Ellie , Bartlett William A , Craig David
Published: March 2021

Background

Assessing the pre- and post-test probability of disease in the context of routine health care is challenging. We wished to study how test performance parameters relating to clinical utility vary by clinical indication in a ‘real-world’ setting.

Methods

The diagnostic accuracy of serum total B12 and Active-B12® (holotranscobalamin) was evaluated in a primary care population, using serum methylmalonic acid as the reference standard. We used electronic requesting to establish the clinical indication for each request. Routine requests from primary care for serum total B12 were included if creatinine was also measured and estimated glomerular filtration rate was at least 60 mL/min/1.73 m2.

Results

Clinical indications included peripheral neuropathy ( n = 168), anaemia ( n = 168), cognitive decline ( n = 125), suspected dietary deficiency ( n = 76), other ( n = 362). For peripheral neuropathy, the area under the receiver operator curve ± 95% confidence interval (AUC ± CI) was 0.63 (0.54–0.71) ( P = 0.002) for total B12 and 0.68 (0.60–0.77) ( P < 0.0001) for Active-B12®. For anaemia, AUC ± CI was 0.56 (0.47–0.66) ( P = 0.10) for total B12 and 0.69 (0.59–0.78) ( P < 0.0001) for Active-B12®. For cognitive decline, AUC ± CI was 0.54 (0.43–0.65) ( P = 0.26) for total B12 and 0.69 (0.58–0.80) ( P = 0.0002) for Active-B12®. The pre–post-test change in probability of disease varied by clinical indication.

Conclusion

Combining diagnostic accuracy studies and electronic testing in a ‘real-world’ setting allows clinical utility to be assessed by clinical indication. Wider application of this would permit more personalised laboratory medicine. In this study, diagnostic performance of total B12 and Active-B12® varied across all indications. Active-B12® provided better discrimination, but this may have reflected the cut-offs used.
Modelling damage evolution and CAI strength of composite laminates under biaxial compression
Authors: Yang Bin , Fu Kunkun , Li Yan
Published: March 2021

In this paper, a finite element model (FEM) was developed to investigate failure mechanism and compression after impact (CAI) strength of woven carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) after low-velocity impact (LVI) subjected to biaxial compressive loading. A built-in VUMAT user-defined material subroutine was adopted to take into account the in-plane damage and intralaminar delamination under LVI loading and in-plane compression. The LVI response, failure pattern, and residual mechanical properties under uniaxial compression were compared to the available experimental data to verify the numerical model. The damage initiation, subsequent evolution, final failure modes, and residual strength of the composite laminates with LVI damages subjected to biaxial compressive loading are presented by numerical methods, and the effects of impact energy and impactor diameter on the residual strength of the laminates are discussed.
Faith abroad: how religion shapes Trump administration’s foreign policy
Authors: Ülgül Murat
Published: March 2021

Religion has always been an important factor in American foreign policy. From the ‘holy wars’ against the Indians in the pre-independence period to the ‘crusade’ against Iraq in 2003, faith and religion have shaped the policies of American administrations in all periods. As Bonnell observed in 1971, ‘without a single exception. . .all presidents have publicly avowed their trust in God’. And even if the president was not a religious individual before moving to the White House, Billy Graham noted, they all ‘left the presidency with a very deep religious faith’. The same can be applied to Donald Trump whose presidency witnessed important domestic and foreign policy decisions that can be linked to religious motives. This is especially clear when one takes into consideration that around three-fourth of evangelicals and born-again Christians voted for him in the elections and Trump’s statement before the House elections that ‘nobody’s done more for Christians and evangelicals’ than him. This study will analyze the religious characteristics of Donald Trump and the members of his foreign policy team, such as Mike Pence and Mike Pompeo, and how their religious identity affected the foreign policy decisions of the Trump administration.
Virtual Tours a Means to an End: An Analysis of Virtual Tours’ Role in Tourism Recovery Post COVID-19
Authors: El-Said Osman , Aziz Heba
Published: March 2021

COVID-19 brought the global tourism industry to a standstill. In response, various tourism stakeholders adopted innovative approaches such as virtual tours (VTs) to keep their attractions firmly in the minds of potential visitors. This study has integrated the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Protective Action Decision Model (PADM) models to determine the factors that affect a person’s decision to adopt VTs as temporary alternatives during times of crises. Data were collected from a sample of 401 respondents after they had experienced at least one of the VTs simulating Egyptian heritage sites. The results show that the antecedents of the TAM and PADM models are effective in predicting users’ intention to adopt VTs and that adoption intention has a positive impact on the tendency to visit the actual site. In addition, practical implications are provided for site managers to consider when opting for VTs as a promotional tool or as an alternative product during times of crisis.
Parenting as Beta Testing: Perceived Changes in Parenting from Firstborns to Secondborns
Authors: Rand Joseph S. , McLean Ryan D. , Jensen Alexander C.
Published: March 2021

Research suggests that parents often change parenting strategies between children, but few studies have examined parents’ perceptions of those changes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to create a measure of parental perception of experience-based change between firstborn and secondborn. Participants included 401 parents (62.9% female, 76.6% White, Mage = 39.91) with at least two adolescent children (older Mage = 14.5; younger Mage = 11.84) split evenly between mixed (49%) and same gender (51%) sibling pairs. The measure items assessed parents’ perception of parenting changes between their children for monitoring, expectations, nurturing, and discipline. Analyses further support the reliability and validity of the measure; for example, parents who reported lower expectations between children reported lower parenting self-efficacy, and parents who perceived becoming less nurturing between children reported a less positive relationship with the secondborn. Discussion focuses on implications and directions for future research using the measure.
Social Representation of Family: A Comparative Study on Italian Young and Older Adults
Authors: Maura Pozzi , Roberto Fasanelli , Elena Marta , Mauro Ellena Adriano , Giuseppe Virgilio , Adriana Di Taranto , Carlo Pistoni
Published: March 2021

In Italian society, known for the massive presence of so-called traditional families, different forms of it are nowadays spreading. The scientific and political debates on this issue are very intense and the common view of family is changing. Taking as a reference the theory of social representations and in particular the central nucleus theory, the present study aims to evoke the social representation (SR) of family in two different Italian groups: 220 young adults and 83 older adults. A semi-structured questionnaire divided into two sections was used: an open question (content) and a task of free associations, based on the technique of hierarchical evocations (structure). A content analysis and a representational structure analysis were applied. Comparing the SRs emerged among the two groups, young adults evoking family as an entity connoted predominantly in an affective way, while older adults evoking positive values declined in a more concrete and pragmatic way.
Non-Peutz–Jeghers syndrome-associated ovarian sex cord tumor with annular tubules treated by radiotherapy: a case report and literature review
Authors: Li Cheng , Aishajiang Reyida , Teng Yongliang , Xu Tiankai , Ding Lijuan , Dong Lihua
Published: March 2021

There are no standard treatment options for metastatic and recurrent non-Peutz–Jeghers syndrome (PJS)-associated sex cord tumor with annular tubules (SCTAT). The effects of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy are still not well-defined. Herein, we present a case of a metastatic and recurrent non-PJS-associated SCTAT showing high serum estradiol and progesterone concentrations after surgery and chemotherapy. Radiotherapy (50 Gy/25 fractions) triggered a sharp reduction in the sizes of the metastatic and recurrent masses, and estradiol and progesterone concentrations. Accordingly, we consider that radiotherapy might be effective and safe for metastatic and recurrent SCTAT. The roles of radiotherapy in non-PJS SCTAT should be further validated in large-scale prospective clinical trials.
Improved diagnostic yield of transbronchial lung biopsy in peripheral pulmonary lesions using a combination of endobronchial ultrasound and rapid on-site evaluation
Authors: Xu Chunhua , Wang Yan , Wang Wei , Yuan Qi , Hu Hui di , Li Li
Published: March 2021

Objectives

To evaluate the value of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) during radial probe endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial lung biopsy (rpEBUS-TBLB) for peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs).

Methods

One hundred and six patients with PPLs who received rpEBUS-TBLB were enrolled in this study. One specimen was immediately examined by ROSE and the other was sent to the central laboratory for cytologic diagnosis. The results of ROSE were compared with those of pathological diagnosis.

Results

The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of ROSE during rpEBUS-TBLB for PPLs were 82.1%, 89.6%, and 77.1%, respectively. The procedure times and number of biopsies were less for procedures when ROSE was positive compared with those when ROSE was negative (procedure time: 20.5 ± 7.9 vs. 28.3 ± 7.6 minutes; number of biopsies: 1.6 ± 0.9 vs. 2.8 ± 0.6 times). No serious procedural complications were observed.

Conclusions

ROSE has value for diagnosing PPLs during rpEBUS. It can reduce procedure time, number of biopsies, and complications. ROSE combined with rpEBUS is an effective and safe method for the diagnosis of PPLs.
A Systematic Review of Assessments and Interventions for Chronic Pain in Young Children With or at High Risk for Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Letzkus Lisa , Fehlings Darcy , Ayala Lauren , Byrne Rachel , Gehred Alison , Maitre Nathalie L. , Noritz Garey , Rosenberg Nathan S. , Tanner Kelly , Vargus-Adams Jilda , Winter Sarah , Lewandowski Dennis J. , Novak Iona
Published: March 2021

Background:

Pain is common in children with cerebral palsy. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence regarding assessments and interventions for chronic pain in children aged ≤2 years with or at high risk for cerebral palsy.

Methods:

A comprehensive literature search was performed. Included articles were screened using PRISMA guidelines and quality of evidence was reviewed using best-evidence tools by independent reviewers. Using social media channels, an online survey was conducted to elicit parent preferences.

Results:

Six articles met criteria. Parent perception was an assessment option. Three pharmacologic interventions (gabapentin, medical cannabis, botulinum toxin type A) and 1 nonpharmacologic intervention were identified. Parent survey report parent-comfort and other nonpharmacologic interventions ranked as most preferable.

Conclusion:

A conditional GRADE recommendation was in favor of parent report for pain assessment. Clinical trials are sorely needed because of the lack of evidence for safety and efficacy of pharmacologic interventions.
Supporting entrepreneurship students’ sense of belonging in online virtual spaces
Authors: Brodie Jacqueline , Osowska Renata
Published: March 2021

Universities globally are aspiring to grow through investing in the delivery of online learning programmes. However, the attrition rate for online learning is high. It has been noted that those students with a sense of belonging to their course experience increased enjoyment and reduced anxiety and are therefore less likely to withdraw. Yet too often programme design guidance to support a sense of belonging for student communities focuses on localised, full-time and young students rather than older, globally dispersed, time-starved students such as those in the online entrepreneurship programme that is the subject of this paper. The authors explore how a sense of belonging in entrepreneurship students can be supported effectively in a virtual learning space throughout their online degree studies. The research presented adopts an interpretivist perspective and includes interviews with eight students studying a 1-year top-up degree in a UK higher education institution. The teaching and support staff interviewed were based solely in the UK. The data collected were examined using thematic analysis. The paper contributes to the debate about what a sense of belonging means in a virtual space for entrepreneurship students and identifies how such students can feel connected and supported to finish their course.
The influence of engine gyroscopic moments on vehicle transient handling
Authors: Shahabi Ali , Kazemian Amir Hossein , Farahat Saeid , Sarhaddi Faramarz
Published: March 2021

This study presents the dynamics of a 15-DOF model of the vehicle by performing simulations to investigate the vehicle handling dynamics in J-turn maneuver. Using Newton’s equations of motion, the equations of motion for the sprung and unsprung masses are all written in the vehicle coordinate system and the tire is modeled with the Pacejka 89 model. Since the engine crankshaft has a rotation relative to the vehicle coordinate system, in order to investigate the effect of the engine gyroscopic moments on the vehicle handling dynamics, the effect of the crankshaft rotation on the torque vector of external forces is considered. The direction of crankshaft rotation can change the direction of engine rotation in the direction of the wheels rotation or in the opposite direction of their rotation, which causes some changes in the gyroscopic torque vector of the engine. Due to the rotation speed of the crankshaft and its moment of inertia, the gyroscopic moments which resulted from the angular momentum of the engine crankshaft are considerable. These gyroscopic moments are added to the torque equation of external forces in the vehicle coordinate system and affect the vehicle handling dynamics. By using the numerical method of Newmark, vehicle’s dynamic behavior is investigated and the validation of its dynamic behavior is done by ADAMS/Car software. This study shows that in transverse engine, if the direction of engine rotation is in the opposite direction of the wheels, the vehicle handling dynamics is improved.
On modeling and dynamics of a multiple launch rocket system
Authors: Li Bo , Rui Xiaoting , Wang Guoping , Zhang Jianshu , Zhou Qinbo
Published: March 2021

Dynamics analysis is currently a key technique to fully understand the dynamic characteristics of sophisticated mechanical systems because it is a prerequisite for dynamic design and control studies. In this study, a dynamics analysis problem for a multiple launch rocket system (MLRS) is developed. We particularly focus on the deductions of equations governing the motion of the MLRS without rockets by using a transfer matrix method for multibody systems and the motion of rockets via the Newton–Euler method. By combining the two equations, the differential equations of the MLRS are obtained. The complete process of the rockets’ ignition, movement in the barrels, airborne flight, and landing is numerically simulated via the Monte Carlo stochastic method. An experiment is implemented to validate the proposed model and the corresponding numerical results.
An algorithm of pretrained fuzzy actor–critic learning applying in fixed-time space differential game
Authors: Wang Xiao , Shi Peng , Schwartz Howard , Zhao Yushan
Published: March 2021

Solving space differential game in an unknown environment remains a challenging problem. This article proposes a pretrained fuzzy actor–critic learning algorithm for dealing with the space pursuit-evasion game in fixed time. It is supposed that the research objects are two agents including one pursuer and one evader in space. A virtual environment, which is defined as the known part of the real environment, is utilized for deriving optimal strategies of the pursuer and the evader, respectively. Through employing the fuzzy inference system, a pretrained process, which is based on the genetic algorithm, is designed to obtain the initial consequent set of the pursuer and the evader. Besides, an actor–critic framework is applied to finely learn the suitable consequent set of the pursuer and evader in the real environment. Numerical experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms on improving the ability of the agents to adapt to the real environment.
A path planning model of a tiltrotor for approaching an aircraft carrier during landing
Authors: Wu Yu , Li Haixu , Su Xichao
Published: March 2021

A path planning model concerning a tiltrotor approaching an aircraft carrier is established in this study. In the model, the characteristic of the tiltrotor, the landing task, and the environment of the carrier are taken into account. First, the motion equations and the maneuverability of the tiltrotor in each flight mode are presented, and the constraints of control variables and flight envelope are given. The returning flight of the tiltrotor is divided into three phases corresponding to the three flight modes of the tiltrotor, and the constraints in each phase and the goal are set. Considering the flight safety of the tiltrotor, the environment of the carrier is described as flyable space and no-fly zones, and the no-fly zones are set taking the influences of turbulence and wind field induced by the moving aircraft carrier into account. The path planning issue is formulated into an optimization problem under the constraints of control variables and state variables. According to the characteristic of the established model, a pigeon inspired optimization (PIO)-based path planning algorithm is developed integrating the “step-by-step” and “one effort” path search strategies. Simulation results demonstrate that the tiltrotor can reach the target point with a reasonable landing path. Comparison among different algorithms is also conducted to verify that the PIO algorithm is capable of solving this online path planning problem.
The changes in bone turnover markers of female systemic lupus erythematousus patients without glucocorticoid
Authors: Tianle Wang , Yingying Zhang , Baojian Hong , Juanfang Gu , Hongzhi Wang , Yasong Li
Published: March 2021

Objectives

SLE is a chronic autoimmune disease, which can affect the level of bone metabolism and increase the risk of osteoporosis and fracture. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of SLE on bone turnover markers without the influence of glucocorticoids.

Methods

A total of 865 female subjects were recruited from Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital and the First Hospital of Jiaxing, including 391 SLE patients without the influence of glucocorticoids and 474 non-SLE people. We detected Bone turnover markers including amino-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (P1NP), C-terminal turnover of β - I collagen (β-CTX), N-terminal midfragment of osteocalcin (NMID) and 25(OH)D, and analyzed the difference in Bone turnover markers between the SLE group and the control group, as well as the influence of age and season on bone metabolism in female SLE patients.

Results

In the SLE group, the average age was 43.93±13.95 years old. In the control group, the average age was 44.84±11.42 years old. There was no difference between the two groups (t = 1.03, P = 0.30). P1NP, NMID and 25(OH)D in the SLE group were significantly lower than those in the control group (Z = 8.44, p < 0.001; Z = 14.41, p < 0.001; Z = 2.19, p = 0.029), and β-CTX in the SLE group was significantly higher than that in the control group (Z = 2.61, p = 0.009). In addition, the levers of β-CTX, NMID, P1NP and 25(OH)D in older SLE female patients were statistically significantly higher than those in younger (ρ = 0.104, p = 0.041; ρ = 0.223, p < 0.001; ρ = 0.105, p = 0.038; ρ = 0.289, p < 0.001). Moreover, β-CTX reached a high value in summer and PINP reached a low value in winter.

Conclusion

The bone formation markers of female SLE patients without glucocorticoid were lower than those of normal people and the bone resorption marker was higher than that of normal people. The 25 (OH) D of female SLE patients without glucocorticoid was lower than that of normal people. The risk of osteoporosis and fracture may be higher in elderly women with SLE. The bone resorption level of female SLE patients is high in summer and the bone formation level is low in winter.
Disease diagnostic coding to facilitate evidence-based medicine: current and future perspectives
Authors: Derscheid Rachel J. , Rahe Michael C. , Burrough Eric R. , Schwartz Kent J. , Arruda Bailey
Published: March 2021

Technologic advances in information management have rapidly changed laboratory testing and the practice of veterinary medicine. Timely and strategic sampling, same-day assays, and 24-h access to laboratory results allow for rapid implementation of intervention and treatment protocols. Although agent detection and monitoring systems have progressed, and wider tracking of diseases across veterinary diagnostic laboratories exists, such as by the National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN), the distinction between detection of agent and manifestation of disease is critical to improved disease management. The implementation of a consistent, intuitive, and useful disease diagnosis coding system, specific for veterinary medicine and applicable to multiple animal species within and between veterinary diagnostic laboratories, is the first phase of disease data aggregation. Feedback loops for continuous improvement that could aggregate existing clinical and laboratory databases to improve the value and applications of diagnostic processes and clinical interventions, with interactive capabilities between clinicians and diagnosticians, and that differentiate disease causation from mere agent detection, remain incomplete. Creating an interface that allows aggregation of existing data from clinicians, including final diagnosis, interventions, or treatments applied, and measures of outcomes, is the second phase. Prototypes for stakeholder cooperation, collaboration, and beta testing of this vision are in development and becoming a reality. We focus here on how such a system is being developed and utilized at the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory to facilitate evidence-based medicine and utilize diagnostic coding for continuous improvement of animal health and welfare.
The Effect of a Concept Mapping Intervention on Shared Cognition and Adaptive Team Performance Over Time
Authors: Santos Catarina M. , Uitdewilligen Sjir , Passos Ana M. , Marques-Quinteiro Pedro , Maynard M. Travis
Published: March 2021

Research has demonstrated the value of team adaptation for organizational teams. However, empirical work on interventions that teams can take to increase adaptive team performance is scarce. In response, this study proposes a concept mapping intervention as a way to increase teams’ ability to adapt following a task change. Particularly, this study examines the effect of a concept mapping intervention on team transition adaptation (the drop in performance after a change) and reacquisition adaptation (the slope of performance after the change) via its effect on task mental models and transactive memory systems. We conducted a longitudinal experimental study of 44 three-person teams working on an emergency management simulation. Findings suggest that the concept mapping intervention promotes reacquisition adaptation, task mental models, and transactive memory systems. Results also suggest that task mental models mediate the effect of the concept mapping intervention on reacquisition adaptation. A post hoc analysis suggests that the concept mapping intervention is only effective if it leads to high task mental model accuracy. Our study presents concept mapping as a practical intervention to promote shared cognition and reacquisition adaptation.
Long-term Outcomes of Microfracture for Treatment of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus
Authors: Corr Daniel , Raikin Jared , O’Neil Joseph , Raikin Steven
Published: March 2021

Background:

Microfracture is the most common reparative surgery for osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs). While shown to be effective in short- to midterm outcomes, the fibrocartilage that microfracture produces is both biomechanically and biologically inferior to that of native hyaline cartilage and is susceptible to possible deterioration over time following repair. With orthobiologics being proposed to augment repair, there exists a clear gap in the study of long-term clinical outcomes of microfracture to determine if this added expense is necessary.

Methods:

A retrospective review of patients undergoing microfracture of an OLT with a single fellowship-trained orthopedic surgeon from 2007 to 2009 was performed. Patients meeting the inclusion criteria were contacted to complete the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Sports subscales and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, as well as surveyed regarding their satisfaction with the outcome of the procedure and their likelihood to recommend the procedure to a friend with the same problem using 5-point Likert scales. Patient demographics were reviewed and included for statistical analysis.

Results:

Of 45 respondents, 3 patients required additional surgery on their ankle for the osteochondral defect, yielding a 10-year survival rate of 93.3%. Of surviving cases, 90.4% (38/42) reported being “extremely satisfied” or “satisfied” with the outcome of the procedure. The VAS score at follow-up averaged 14 out of 100 (range, 0-75), while the FAAM-ADL and FAAM-Sports scores averaged 90.29 out of 100 and 82 out of 100, respectively. Thirty-six patients (85.7%) stated that their ankle did not prevent them from participating in the sports of their choice.

Conclusion:

The current study represents a minimum 10-year follow-up of patients undergoing isolated arthroscopic microfracture for talar osteochondral defects, with a 93.3% survival rate and 85.7% return to sport. While biological adjuvants may play a role in improving the long-term outcomes of microfracture procedures, larger and longer-term follow-up studies are required for procedures using orthobiologics before their cost can be justified for routine use.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, retrospective cohort case series study.
Characterization of typical aeroelastic sections under combined structural concentrated nonlinearities
Authors: da Silva José Augusto I , Marques Flávio D
Published: March 2021

Structural nonlinearities are usually present in aeroelastic systems. The analysis of this system commonly comprises a study involving only one type of nonlinearity, influencing a particular motion of the airfoil. However, practical applications of aeroelastic systems can be affected by different types of structural nonlinearities. It becomes essential to study the stability of the aeroelastic system under these conditions to assess more real operational flight procedures. In this context, this article presents an investigation of a typical aeroelastic section response with trailing edge control surface subjected to combinations of concentrated structural nonlinearities. Different nonlinear scenarios involving cubic hardening stiffness in pitching and free play, free play with preload, and slip dry friction in the trailing edge control surface motion are analyzed. The mathematical model is based on linear unsteady aerodynamics coupled to a three-dof typical aeroelastic section. Hopf bifurcations diagrams are obtained from direct time integration of the equation of motion. The post-flutter limit cycle oscillations are investigated, revealing supercritical and subcritical bifurcations. A complete parametric study of the nonlinear parameters is carried out, thereby allowing a sensitivity analysis of each nonlinear scenario. The results show that aeroelastic tailoring considering the mild post-flutter behavior can be achieved through an appropriate choice of combined nonlinear effects. Moreover, combined nonlinearities can mitigate the undesired subcritical aeroelastic responses caused by free play.
Study on integrated response-based adaptive strategies for control and placement optimization of multiple magneto-rheological dampers-controlled structure under seismic excitations
Authors: Wani Zubair R , Tantray Manzoor
Published: March 2021

The application and optimization of control systems with multiple magneto-rheological dampers integrated into a civil engineering structure is a challenging task. The performance of the control system is strongly linked with the location and arrangement of control devices, and the optimal placement of control devices is inherently linked with the performance objective of the control algorithm. Therefore, for semi-active control devices, the placement algorithm should be well rooted within the control algorithm, for effective structural control. This article proposes response-based adaptive control strategies embedded with the device location optimization algorithm. The acceleration and inter-story drift responses of the structure are considered as the performance objective for two separate control strategies. The flexibility of this approach lies in the fact that the design algorithm for control and location of magneto-rheological dampers can be engineered based on the performance criteria of the system. This study involves numerical simulation of an actual five-story framed structure. The simulation results indicated that the seismic performance of the structure is strongly linked with the number, placement of the magneto-rheological damper, and the performance objective of the control strategy used. Also, the configuration and corresponding control provided by the response-based adaptive strategies performed better than the configuration predicted by the benchmark genetic algorithm using the H2/LQG controller.
The prediction of vehicle vibration transmitted to the occupant using a modular transfer matrix
Authors: Yao Jianchun , Fard Mohammad , Davy John L , Kato Kazuhito
Published: March 2021

Industry is moving towards more data-oriented design and analyses to solve complex analytical problems. Solving complex and large finite element models is still challenging and requires high computational time and resources. Here, a modular method is presented to predict the transmission of vehicle body vibration to the occupants’ body by combining the numerical transfer matrices of the subsystems. The transfer matrices of the subsystems are presented in the form of data which is sourced from either physical tests or finite element models. The structural dynamics of the vehicle body is represented using a transfer matrix at each of the seat mounting points in three triaxial (X–Y–Z) orientations. The proposed method provides an accurate estimation of the transmission of the vehicle body vibration to the seat frame and the seated occupant. This method allows the combination of conventional finite element analytical model data and the experimental data of subsystems to accurately predict the dynamic performance of the complex structure. The numerical transfer matrices can also be the subject of machine learning for various applications such as for the prediction of the vibration discomfort of the occupant with different seat and foam designs and with different physical characteristics of the occupant body.
Photodynamic therapy for macular choroidal osteoma
Authors: Scupola Andrea , Ruggeri Maria Ludovica , Sammarco Maria Grazia , Pagliara Monica Maria , Blasi Maria Antonietta
Published: March 2021

Purpose:

To report a case of macular choroidal osteoma treated with photodynamic therapy.

Observations:

A 34-years old woman with decreased visual acuity in her left eye came to our observation for assessment of an amelanotic choroidal tumor in the left eye. On the basis of ophthalmoscopic and echographic features the tumor was diagnosed as choroidal osteoma. Imaging examination revealed subretinal fluid involving the foveal area associated with alterations of outer neuroepithelial layers and photoreceptors without evidence of choroidal neovascularization. Foveal sparing standard fluence rate photodynamic therapy was performed. After treatment, subretinal fluid reabsorption and visual acuity recovery was noted with progressive restoration of foveal architecture. Due to the relapse of fluid and visual impairment, 1 year after treatment, a second PDT session was made using the same parameters and protocol of treatment. Despite a complete subretinal fluid reabsorption and visual acuity recovery the second treatment was complicated by the development of subretinal fibrosis.

Conclusions:

PDT is effective to induce subretinal fluid reabsorption and visual recovery in choroidal osteoma located in the macular area. However, the risk of possible complications related to the treatment have to be considered.
Media labs: Constructing journalism laboratories, innovating the future: How journalism is catalysing its future processes, products and people
Authors: Mills John , Wagemans Andrea
Published: March 2021

Over the past decade, media labs have become an increasingly visible structure to create, catalyse and diffuse innovation within, and beyond, journalism. In this article, we offer insights into the multiple forms media labs can take, and how innovation in the media field is being organised through labs. As such, we focus on innovation processes and practices rather than innovative outcomes. Drawing on 45 semi-structured interviews with media labs around the globe, conducted between 2016 and 2018, this exploratory study explores the multifaceted nature of the media lab concept across academia, legacy media and independent structures. To help better understand the many different manifestations of the media lab construct encountered in our study, this article adopts a purposefully interdisciplinary approach spanning open innovation, institutional and social theories to illuminate and sense-make the global lab phenomena. First, we unpack the media lab construct by detailing the where, what and how of the media labs surveyed in this study. We then suggest that the many forms and functions of labs reveal a complex and nuanced picture of an innovation landscape. We trace this across the ways in which media labs perceive their own roles, and how they relate to wider networks and ecosystems that they engage with, specifically the extent of the openness of their activities. Ultimately, we suggest that media labs are in part shaped by mimetic, coercive and normative isomorphism: media labs are a replicated structure and signifier for innovation but do not exhibit absolute replication: they still retain local variation and mutation, which is influenced by localised factors or influences that are unique to them. They take myriad forms, are located across industry and academia, open, interdisciplinary and, for the main, focus on immediate innovation using user-centred innovation approaches.
When the closet is the grave: A critical review of the Bruce McArthur case
Authors: Wahab Amar
Published: March 2021

The article investigates the social impossibilities and constructed killability of brown queers. It critically focuses on the Bruce McArthur case, which involved the serial killing of predominantly brown queer men between 2010 and 2017 in Toronto. The author analyzes mainstream (LGBT) media representations of the white serial killer as “ordinary, yet aberrant,” the queer victims of color as sexually and socially fuckable, and the murderous racism of the Canadian state. The article centers the concept of (queer)necropolitics in conversation with discourses of antiimmigration, anti-Muslim racism and racialized sexualities to situate the generative force of racialized sexualized violence in the case.
Treaties and re-setting the colonial relationship: Lessons for Australia from the Treaty of Waitangi
Authors: O'Sullivan Dominic
Published: March 2021

Colonial hegemony distinguishes relationships between the Australian state and Indigenous nations. British government was violently established and there was no accommodation with the Indigenous populations to allow settlement to proceed, as occurred through treaties in Canada and New Zealand. Indigenous arguments for treaties in Australia are, however, well established. Notwithstanding some Commonwealth and state and territory governments considering such agreements over the past 40 years, none have been concluded, and more modest forms of recognition have been alternatively proposed. In 2015, following extensive Indigenous advocacy, the Prime Minister and Leader of the Opposition appointed a Referendum Council to consult on an amendment to the Commonwealth Constitution to recognise Australia’s first peoples. The recommendation of a Voice to Parliament and a Makarrata Commission to oversee truth telling and agreements to allow ‘coming together after a struggle’ suggested a transformative ambition beyond the Prime Minister and Leader of the Opposition’s expectations. Makarrata does not stipulate treaties as an ideal form of agreement, but in raising the possibility, the Council added to the concept’s political momentum.

This article discusses the place of treaties in contemporary Australian discourse, including treaty negotiations that are in progress in Victoria, Queensland and the Northern Territory. It uses examples from New Zealand’s Treaty of Waitangi to discuss their possibilities and limits in Australia. From these examples, two overarching arguments are made. Firstly, that treaties are potentially transformative, not because they may settle historical grievances, but because their required mutual recognition of each party’s enduring political standing means that they define ongoing, just terms of association. Secondly, the substantively different political arrangements that they presume mean that they are not merely instruments of egalitarian justice and are instead concerned with the distribution of political authority – Indigenous authority over their affairs and through a distinctive and culturally contextualised state citizenship.
The configurations of HRM bundles in MNCs by their contributions to subsidiaries’ performance and cultural dimensions
Authors: Stor Marzena
Published: March 2021

The main goal of the paper is to determine whether the HQs of MNCs evaluate the significances of particular HRM subfunctions to their foreign subsidiaries’ performance differently depending on a specific cultural context and—as a consequence—various configurations of HRM subfunctions may be identified in different cultural contexts. The theoretical assumptions are based on a combination of the configurational and contextual perspectives through a cross-cultural lens. In the empirical research an abductive reasoning process is applied. The research sample covers 200 headquarters of MNCs. To analyze the collected data both descriptive and correlational statistical methods are used. Two patterns of configurational bundle of HRM have been identified: A and B. Pattern A tends to be more system oriented and Pattern B more centralization oriented. Pattern A covers the subsidiaries which, with comparison to their HQ, are of lower power distance, higher individualism, higher masculinity, lower uncertainty avoidance, longer time orientation, and higher indulgence. Pattern B is composed of the subsidiaries with the opposite signs of the cultural distance index. The originality of the study consists in the application of the abductive research model. Thanks to it, we were able to search and find the simplest and most probable explanations for our observations. And the value of the research itself lies in the evidence that the contextual perspective with its configurational implications in the HRM research field is useful in identifying the phenomena that are difficult to identify or unidentifiable otherwise. The findings of the present study provide some knowledge on how cultural distance (external variable) and the significance of HRM to the subsidiary’s performance results (internal variable) interact in impacting on different configurational bundles of HRM subfunctions, their centralization practices and knowledge flows in MNCs.