bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The activity patterns of older adults: a cross‐sectional study in six European countries
Authors: Fortuijn Joos Droogleever , van der Meer Marieke , Burholt Vanessa , Ferring Dieter , Quattrini Sabrina , Hallberg Ingalill Rahm , Weber Germain , Wenger G. Clare
Published: August 2006

This paper reports on a cross‐national study of the activity patterns of 50–90 year old adults in six European countries, namely Austria, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom. It analyses patterns of activity involvement and the resulting expression of satisfaction. Involvement and satisfaction levels are in turn measured against a number of personal characteristics. The paper challenges the idea of older adults as inactive and unproductive agents and stresses the productive, non‐paid contribution of older adults to local economies. The analysis highlights the similarities and differences between the six countries. In general, more similarities than differences are identified. Differences are found with respect to the dimensions of activity involvement and the co‐variations between activity involvement and satisfaction with personal characteristics. These differences are interpreted in terms of differences in the cultural and political‐institutional context between the six countries. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Destruction of manganite La0.825Ba0.175MnO3 ferromagnetism caused by structural disordering
Authors: Chukalkin Yurii , Teplykh Alexander , Goshchitskii Boris
Published: August 2006

The methods of neutron diffraction, X‐ray and magnetic measurements were used to study the structural and magnetic states of disordered samples of manganite La0.825Ba0.175MnO3. A disordered state was attained by irradiation with fast neutrons. It was established that the ferromagnet → spin glass‐like magnetic transformation takes place at a substitution concentration of ∼6%. A magnetic state diagram of structurally disordered manganite was constructed. The magnetic state transformations are explained by the effect of localization of e g‐electrons responsible for kinetic ferromagnetic exchange. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Solid‐Phase N‐Electrophilic Amination of 2‐Aminopyridines: Preparation of 2‐Substituted‐[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5‐a]pyridine Derivatives
Authors: Fernàndez Joan‐Carles , Solé‐Feu Laia , Fernández‐Forner Dolors , de la Figuera Natalia , Forns Pilar , Albericio Fernando
Published: August 2006

Solid‐phase N‐amination of 2‐aminopyridin‐3/5‐yl derivatives supported via an acid labile linker by hydroxylamine‐based electrophilic NH2+ equivalents is described. A comparison of aminating efficiency and stability between O‐Mesitylenesulfonyl Hydroxylamine (MSH) (5) and O‐(2,4‐Dinitrophenyl)hydroxylamine (Dnp‐ONH2) (8) on solid‐phase is also reported. A practical two‐step preparation of 2‐substituted‐[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5‐a]pyridin‐6/8‐yl derivatives (4) on solid‐phase using this methodology gave compounds in good purity and yields.
Assessing Applicability Domains of Toxicological QSARs: Definition, Confidence in Predicted Values, and the Role of Mechanisms of Action
Authors: Schultz Terry W. , Hewitt Mark , Netzeva Tatiana I. , Cronin Mark T. D.
Published: August 2006

There are many issues relating to the use of Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationships (QSARs) to make predictions for regulatory purposes. Among those issues, characterization of models and the development of suitable tools to determine applicability domains rank as the more important. With regard to aquatic toxicology, QSARs for acute effects (e.g., IGC50−1) often take the form of a hydrophobic [i.e., Logarithm of the 1‐Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient (log P)]‐electrophilic [e.g., Maximum Acceptor Superdelocalizability (Amax)]‐dependent, regression‐based model. In this study, the applicability domain of a model for the toxicity of aromatic compounds to Tetrahymena pyriformis [log (IGC50−1)=0.545(0.015) log P+16.2(0.62) Amax−5.91(0.20); n=384, r2(adj)=0.859, r2(pred)=0.856, s=0.275, F=1163, Pr>F=0.0001] was assessed. The structural and physicochemical domains of the model were characterized using two test sets of toxicity data (one prescreened to be within the descriptor space and structural domain of the training set and the other to be outside the structural domain of the training set). For test set compounds inside the domain of the model, there was no relationship between absolute residue values for predictions and hydrophobicity; however, there was a linear relationship between absolute residue values and electrophilicity. It was concluded that predictivity in the region of the domain associated with higher electrophilicity, greater potency, and derivatives containing both halo‐ and nitro‐groups is poorer than elsewhere in the domain, and therefore less confidence should be given to those values. Compounds in this region of the domain of the model are associated with the soft‐, or pro‐electrophilic mechanisms of toxic action. For the second test set, i.e., derivatives outside the structural domain, an examination of absolute residue values revealed that the observed toxicity is typically in excess of that predicted, especially for compounds in the structural space(s) of well‐known electrophilic mechanisms of reactive toxicity. Caution is therefore urged in using statistical approaches to account for, and apply confidence to predictions from the applicability domain. An appreciation of the mechanism of toxicity appears to be critical to the determination of the most likely applicability domain.
The detection of phenotypic differences in the metabolic plasma profile of three strains of Zucker rats at 20 weeks of age using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/orthogonal acceleration time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Plumb Robert S. , Johnson Kelly A. , Rainville Paul , Shockcor John P. , Williams Rebecca , Granger Jennifer H. , Wilson Ian D.
Published: August 2006

Analysis of biological fluids using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS) (metabonomics) can allow new insights to be gained into disease processes, with advances in chromatographic techniques enabling the detection of thousands of metabolites. In this work metabonomics has been used to investigate the metabolic processes involved in type II diabetes in the Zucker obese rat. Plasma was analyzed from three different strains, the Zucker (fa/fa) obese, Zucker lean and the lean/(fa) obese cross. Using UPLC/MS, ca. 10 000 ions were detected due to the narrow peak widths and excellent peak shapes achieved with this technology. Confidence in the chromatographic performance was demonstrated by the use of quality control standards. The positive and negative ion total ion chromatograms obtained from the three strains were readily distinguishable using multivariate statistical analysis. The greatest difference was observed between the Zucker lean and Zucker lean/(fa) rats compared to the Zucker (fa/fa) obese rats. Positive ions m/z 220 (4.36 min), 282(3.78 min), 359 (5.33 min) and 405 (7.77 min) were elevated in the plasma derived from Zucker lean rats whilst ions m/z 385 (6.80 min) and 646 (4.36 min) were at a lower concentration compared to the plasma from the Zucker (fa/fa) obese animals. Negative ions elevated in the Zucker lean rats included m/z 212 (2.30 min), 514 (2.85 min), 295 (4.39 min), 329 (3.11 min), 343 (2.86 min) and 512 (2.86 min) with ions m/z 538 (4.18 min), 568 (4.18 min), 568 (5.09 min) and 612 (4.30 min) being raised in the samples derived from Zucker (fa/fa) obese animals. The ion m/z 514 (3.85 min) was found to correspond to taurocholate, providing further support for an involvement of taurine metabolism in diabetes. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A method for rapidly confirming protein N‐terminal sequences by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhou Chunxi , Zhang Yangjun , Qin Peibin , Liu Xin , Zhao Liyan , Yang Shuhua , Cai Yun , Qian Xiaohong
Published: August 2006

The N‐terminal sequence is important for the identification of a protein and the confirmation of its N‐terminal processing. Although mass spectrometry (MS) is a sensitive and high‐throughput method to sequence and identify peptides and proteins, N‐terminal peptides, diluted among most of the peptides that do not originate at the N‐termini, are not easy to identify directly with MS. To develop a simple and rapid method to identify and sequence the N‐terminal peptide of a protein, a new strategy based on specific sulfonation of terminal amino groups and selective monitoring of the sulfonated peptide was introduced. After a protein had been guanidinated, 2‐sulfobenzoylated, and reduced, it was digested with trypsin and analyzed by MS. Because of the strong acidity of sulfonic groups and the specific sulfonation of α‐amino groups, the sulfonated N‐terminal peptide dominated as base peak in the negative mode peptide mass fingerprint (PMF) and was easy to identify. The N‐terminal peptide was then selected as precursor ion for tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) analysis. Four proteins were tested with this method and their N‐terminal peptides were successfully recognized and sequenced. The results suggest that the addition of a sulfonic acid group facilitates the identification and de novo sequencing of N‐terminal peptides. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improved tandem mass spectrometric characterization of 3‐nitrotyrosine sites in peptides
Authors: Ghesquière Bart , Goethals Marc , Van Damme Jozef , Staes An , Timmerman Evy , Vandekerckhove Joël , Gevaert Kris
Published: August 2006

Nitrated tyrosines are easily converted into their aminotyrosine equivalents by a reduction step. We here show that this conversion can be exploited to readily discern 3‐aminotyrosine peptides in a background of non‐nitrated peptides. Furthermore, aminotyrosine peptides are more stable in single mass spectrometry (MS) mode rendering peptide mass maps easier to interpret. One significant caveat of both 3‐nitrotyrosine and 3‐aminotyrosine peptides is their lack of efficient fragmentation upon collision‐induced dissociation (CID) which, in the case of the latter peptides, also produces unexpected, deviating isotopic patterns of fragment ions containing the aminotyrosine residue. The net result is that sequence database searching becomes daunting as the correct peptide is frequently missed since insufficient and/or inaccurate peptide fragments are used. We show that a simple acetylation step, blocking all amines (including aminotyrosine), produces peptides that undergo extensive backbone fragmentation by CID and are thus easily identifiable in databases. Our procedure is additionally illustrated by doubling the number of nitration events mapped in tetranitromethane‐nitrated bovine serum albumin (BSA) as compared to a direct analysis of the nitrated peptides using the same amount of material. In conclusion, we here illustrate that this two‐step process, heme‐mediated reduction and acetylation, can be used for more efficient characterization of protein‐bound nitrated tyrosines. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An extensive study on isosorbide‐5‐mononitrate acid adducts for quantification in human plasma using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry and its application to bioequivalence sample analysis
Authors: Jain Deepak S. , Subbaiah Gunta , Sanyal Mallika , Shrivastav Pranav S. , Pal Usha , Ghataliya Shailesh , Kakad Abhijeet , Bhatt Jignesh , Munjal Vaneet , Patel Heena , Shah Sapna
Published: August 2006

A rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI‐MS/MS) method for the determination of isosorbide‐5‐mononitrate (5‐ISMN), used in the treatment of angina pectoris, in human plasma is described. The quantification of 5‐ISMN was performed via stable acetate adduct formation with a high relative abundance. The plasma filtrate obtained after solid‐phase extraction (SPE), using a polymer based, hydrophilic‐lipophilic balanced (HLB) cartridge, was submitted directly to reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography separation followed by ESI and detection of the resulting ions using triple‐quadrupole mass spectrometry in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. There was no significant matrix effect on the analysis. For validation of the method, the recovery of the free analyte response was compared to that obtained from an optimized extraction method. The analyte stability was examined under conditions mimicking the sample storage, handling, and analytical procedures. The extraction procedure yielded extremely clean extracts with a recovery of 95.51% and 93.98% for iossorbide‐5‐mononitrate and topiramate (internal standard (IS)), respectively. The calibration curves were linear for the dynamic range of 10.0 to 1000.0 ng/mL with a correlation coefficient r ≥ 0.9985. The intra‐assay and inter‐assay precision for the samples at the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) were 9.02 and 13.30%, respectively. The intra‐assay accuracies at LLOQ, LQC, MQC and HQC levels varied from 98.13 to 118.15, 102.34 to 105.21, 100.69 to 109.68, and 95.76 to 102.92%, respectively, while the inter‐assay accuracies ranged from 93.10 to 118.15, 93.03 to 107.04, 86.97 to 109.68 and 86.18 to 105.85%, respectively, at these levels. The method is rugged and fast with a total run time of 2 min. The method was successfully applied for a bioequivalence study in 24 human subject samples after oral administration of 60 mg extended release (ER) formulations. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of lercanidipine in human plasma
Authors: Kalovidouris Madgalene , Michalea Stavroula , Robola Nikoleta , Koutsopoulou Maria , Panderi Irene
Published: August 2006

A simple, sensitive and rapid ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/positive electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI‐MS/MS) method has been developed and validated for the determination of lercanidipine in human plasma. Lercanidipine and the internal standard, nicardipine, were extracted from plasma by liquid‐liquid extraction using tert‐butyl methyl ether as the extraction solvent. UPLC analysis was performed isocratically on an AcQuity UPLC™ BEH C18 analytical column (2.1 × 50.0 mm i.d., particle size 1.7 µm). The mobile phase consisted of 70% acetonitrile in water containing 0.2% v/v formic acid and pumped at a flow rate of 0.30 mL/min. ESI in positive ion mode, with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), was chosen for the detection of the analytes. The assay was linear over a concentration range of 0.05–30 ng/mL for lercanidipine with a limit of quantitation of 0.05 ng/mL. Quality control samples (0.05, 0.15, 15 and 25 ng/mL) in five replicates from five of analytical runs demonstrated intra‐assay precision (% CV ≤7.3%), inter‐assay precision (% CV ≤6.1%) and an overall accuracy (% relative error) of less than 6.2%. A run time of less than 1.0 min for each sample made it possible to analyze a large number of human plasma samples per day. The method can be used to quantify lercanidipine in human plasma covering a variety of pharmacokinetic or bioequivalence studies. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
LASIK Surgery
Authors: Wilson Theresa Supik
Published: August 2006

The laser in situ keratomileusis (ie, LASIK) procedure reshapes the surface of the cornea to focus visual images directly onto the retina, thereby improving visual acuity. In 1998, approximately 420,000 LASIK procedures were performed in the United States, and approximately two million people throughout the world already are benefiting from the LASIK vision correction procedure. AORN J 71 (May 2000) 963–983.
Boyer's Model of Scholarly Nursing Applied to Professional Development
Authors: Pape Tess
Published: August 2006

Scholarship in nursing often is difficult to define and identify, but it is an important element in nursing. Scholars are needed in every practice setting to question the status quo and pursue fresh approaches to issues. This article examines Boyer's revised model of scholarship, which uses paradigms of discovery, integration, application, and teaching. Knowledge dissemination is emphasized as an important component for sharing information with fellow nurses and the public. Boyer's model of nursing scholarship provides institutions and OR nurse managers with a scholarly method for evaluating employee efforts. Strategies offered include professional development plans and employee portfolios. These applications encourage scholarly activities. AORN J 71 (May 2000) 995–1003.
Perioperative Care of Children in a Transcultural Context
Authors: Alsop‐Shields Linda
Published: August 2006

As part of a large, comparative study of how children are cared for in developed and developing countries' hospitals, health care professionals and parents were asked questions relating to their beliefs about parental presence during anesthesia induction and in postanesthesia care units. Children were not questioned. The researcher compared parents' (n = 957) and staff members' (n = 780) responses between developed and developing countries. Results indicate that parents and staff members in developed and developing countries responded significantly differently (P < .000001) to whether they believe parents or relatives should stay with their children until anesthesia takes effect. More staff members in developing countries responded that parents should be present (P = .007). Oultural constructions (eg, class) are believed to influence strongly how care is delivered in developing countries studied. Cultural constructions were not as important in the developed countries. AORN J 71 (May 2000) 1004–1020.
Selecting the Perioperative Patient Focused Model
Authors: Rothorck Jane C. , Smith Dale A.
Published: August 2006

The Project Team on a Perioperative Model was charged with finding or creating a theoretical model for perioperative nursing. Team members evaluated 15 existing theories and decided to use the conceptual model developed by AORN's Data Elements Coordinating Committee. The Perioperative Patient Focused Model is logical, and the concepts and principles are supported in practice environments. AORN J 71 (May 2000) 1030–1037.
Ropivacaine Epidural Anesthesia and Analgesia Versus General Anesthesia and Intravenous Patient‐Controlled Analgesia with Morphine in the Perioperative Management of Hip Replacement. Ropivacaine Hip Replacement Multicenter Study Group
Authors: Steelman Victoria M.
Published: August 2006

Ropivacaine Epidural Anesthesia and Analgesia Versus General Anesthesia and Intravenous Patient‐Controlled Analgesia with Morphine in the Perioperative Management of Hip Replacement. Ropivacaine Hip Replacement Multicenter Study Group, H Wulf, Anesthesia & Analgesia, Vol 89, July 1999, 111–116
Social and Ethical Aspects of in Vitro Fertilization
Authors: McConnell Edwina A.
Published: August 2006

Social and Ethical Aspects of in Vitro Fertilization, E Heitman, International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care, Vol 15, Winter 1999, 22–35
Advanced Precautions for Today's OR
Authors: Beckwith Helen
Published: August 2006

Advanced Precautions for Today's OR, Mark S. Davis, 1999, paperback, 158 pp $14.95
Laparoscopic Spinal Fusion Procedures
Authors: Forsythe Lydia L.
Published: August 2006

Laparoscopic procedures, such as spinal fusions, facilitate patients' faster returns to functioning lifestyles. Fusions using implanted threaded cylinders made of a porous titanium alloy can be performed at the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine levels. This article discusses preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative care of patients undergoing laparoscopic spinal fusion. AORN J 66 (Oct 1997) 637–643.
Surgical Glove Failures in Clinical Practice Settings
Authors: Korniewicz Denise M. , Rabussay Dietmar
Published: August 2006

Health care personnel often pay little attention to the barrier effectiveness of the surgical gloves they use in clinical settings. They may assume that all surgical gloves provide adequate protection against the transfer of bloodborne pathogens, chemicals, or mutagenic substances. Perioperative staff members frequently are unaware that their surgical gloves have failed until they find blood on their hands after operative procedures are completed. In this first article of a three‐part series, the authors review current surgical glove testing standards, define surgical glove failure, and describe the reasons that surgical glove failure occurs in clinical practice settings. AORN J 66 (Oct 1997) 660–673.
Introducing a Music Program in the Perioperative Area
Authors: Cunningham Maureen F. , Monson Bonnie , Bookbinder Marilyn
Published: August 2006

Music can touch patients deeply and thus transform their anxiety and stress into relaxation and healing. Patients with cancer who undergo surgical procedures are highly stressed. To help alleviate these patients' stress and improve their comfort, perioperative nurses at Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, surveyed surgical patients and staff members about introducing a perioperative music program. This article reviews the literature on the use of music in perioperative care settings and describes MSKCC's decision to evaluate and then implement a music program.AORN J66 (Oct 1997) 674‐682.
Verbal Abuse of Staff Nurses by Physicians
Authors: Byrne Michelle M.
Published: August 2006

Verbal Abuse of Staff Nurses by Physicians, MA Manderino, N Berkey, Journal of Professional Nursing, Vol 13, January/February 1997, 48–55
Integrated Pharmacology
Authors: Hunt Elizabeth
Published: August 2006

INTEGRATED PHARMACOLOGY By Clive P. Page et al 1997,606 pp $49.95 paperback
Geriatric Emergencies: EMT Training Manual
Authors: Hershey Donna N.
Published: August 2006

GERIATRIC EMERGENCIES: EMT TRAINING MANUAL second ed By Teresita M. Hogan 1996,127 pp Free spiralbound
Stereotactic Biopsy Procedures for Brain Tumor Diagnosis
Authors: Brady Sharon , Thornhill Annette , Colapinto Edward
Published: August 2006

Stereotactic biopsy procedures, in which a computer‐based, three‐dimensional‐image‐guided system accurately locates patients' brain tumors, are relatively new diagnostic methods. Complications from stereotactic biopsy procedures are minimal compared with open craniotomy procedures because they are performed with local anesthesia. Perioperative nurses should have knowledge of and be trained in stereotactic biopsy procedures to ensure optimal care for patients undergoing these procedures. AORN J 65 (May 1997) 890–900.
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Owens Rochelle A.
Published: August 2006

Surgeons perform total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) procedures to reduce patients' intractable arthritic pain and to repair humeral head fractures. Total shoulder arthroplasty has undergone remarkable advances—not only in prosthetic improvements and refinements—but in patient outcomes. Advantages to TSA procedures include decreased pain and patients' increased ability to perform activities of daily living. AORN J 65 (May 1997) 927–932.
Patient Risk Factors for Pressure Ulcers During Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Lewicki Linda J. , Mion Lorraine , Splane Karen G. , Samstag Doris , Secic Michelle
Published: August 2006

Patients undergoing cardiac surgery have increased risks for developing pressure ulcers. The researchers conducted this study to identify preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors associated with the development of pressure ulcers among patients undergoing cardiac surgery at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation. The significant factors associated with pressure ulcer development in the study patients were presence of diabetes mellitus and other significant comorbid conditions; low preoperative Braden Risk Assessment Scale scores; lower preoperative hemoglobin, hematocrit, and serum albumin levels; presence of intraaortic balloon pumps in the postoperative period; being turned less often; and more rapid returns to preoperative body temperatures. By incorporafing vigilant observation and timely nursing interventions throughout patients' surgical experiences, perioperative nurses can help prevent the development of pressure ulcers and promote optimal patient outcomes. AORN J 65 (May 1997) 933–942.
A Statistical Method for Predicting Postanesthesia Care Unit Staffing Needs
Authors: Dexter Franklin , Rittenmeyer Helen
Published: August 2006

When predicting staffing requirements for postanesthesia care units (PACUs), nurse managers are expected to satisfy standards, meet patient care needs, staff PACUs to accommodate surgeons' and facilities' needs, and contain costs. The authors present a statistical method that offers reliability and accuracy in forecasting future patient numbers and related PACU staffing requirements. Nurse managers can use this method to decide how frequently they will satisfy staffing standards, how many shifts of RNs to schedule each day, and how many months in the future to schedule staff members. Future peak numbers of patients for each daily shift are based on previous daily peak numbers of patients, and staffing requirements can be planned from these predicted peak numbers of patients, using a facility's PACU staffing standards. AORN J 65 (May 1997) 947–957.
The Long‐Term Care Nursing Assistant Training Manual
Authors: Stevens Janice E.
Published: August 2006

THE LONG‐TERM CARE NURSING ASSISTANT TRAINING MANUAL, second ed By Mary Ann Anderson, Karen W. Beaver, Kathleen R. Culliton 1996, 316 pp $24.95 paperback
Sacred Cows in the OR Revisited
Authors: Mahle Ginger
Published: August 2006

SACRED COWS IN THE OR REVISITED Edited by Judith M. Mathias 1996, 88 pp $32 paperback
Core Curriculum for Perioperative Nursing
Authors: Calhoun Marlene J.
Published: August 2006

CORE CURRICULUM FOR PERIOPERATIVE NURSING, second ed By Billie Fernsebner 1996, 182 pp $42 paperback
Surgical Treatment for Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Moore Shirley , Haughey Bruce H.
Published: August 2006

Thyroidectomy procedures are the mainstay treatment for thyroid cancer and are safe and effective when they are performed by experienced surgeons. Preoperative evaluation of patients with suspected thyroid cancer consists of ultrasonography, radioisotope scanning, and computed tomography scans. Postoperative complications of thyroidectomy procedures include hemorrhage, edema of the glottis, muscle rigidity and spasm (ie, tetany), acute thyrotoxicosis, and damage to the laryngeal nerve. Most surgical patients are discharged home within three days after surgery, and many patients require lifelong thyroid hormone replacement to prevent hypothy‐roidism. AORN J 65 (April 1997) 710–725.
The Use of Music During the Immediate Postoperative Recovery Period
Authors: Heiser Regina M. , Chiles Kathleen , Fudge Mary , Gray Susan E.
Published: August 2006

The most effective approach to managing patients' pain in the immediate postoperative period may include a combination of pharmacologic agents and noninvasive, nonpharmacologic interventions. In this study, nurse researchers evaluated the effect of music on pain and anxiety levels and selected physiologic parameters of two groups of patients who were emerging and recovering from anesthesia. Patients in the treatment group listened to music through headphones during the last 30 minutes of their surgical procedures and during the first hour in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). Patients in the control group had identical surgical procedures, received the same preoperative medications, and were managed with the same anesthesia protocol but did not listen to music in the OR or PACU. No differences existed between the two patient groups in the variables measured; however, patients in the treatment group stated that music helped them relax and functioned as a distracter.AORN J65 (April 1997) 777‐785.
The RN First Assistant's Role During Inferior Epigastric Artery Harvesting
Authors: Hlozek Christopher C. , Zacharias Walter M.
Published: August 2006

At the Cleveland Clinic Foundation, RN first assistants (RNFAs) have replaced inexperienced interns and rotating general surgery residents as surgical first assistants. Their new role includes harvesting inferior epigastric arteries (IEAs) for coronary artery bypass procedures. The RNFAs remove the IEAs through paramedian incisions that extend from below the umbilicus to the groin, dissect the IEAs as pedicles, and complete wound closure. This is one example of the expanded role of RNFAs during complex surgical procedures. AORN J 65 (Jan 1997) 26–29.
Transoral Resection of Spinal Cord Tumors and Posterior Cervical Spine Stabilization
Authors: Walton Phyllis G. , Broughton Eve L.
Published: August 2006

Transoral resection of an anterior spinal cord tumor consists of three major phases: corpectomy (ie, removal of vertebral bodies), tumor resection, and duraplasty (ie, repair of the dura mater). A second surgical procedure, posterior stabilization of the occiput to the C3 vertebra, consists of an iliac crest bone graft for cervical spine fusion and the application of a rigid fixation device. This article describes a patient who underwent a transoral resection of an extramedullary intradural tumor at the C2‐C3 level of the spinal cord and a posterior cervical spine stabilization procedure. Perioperative nursing concerns and interventions are discussed from the standpoint of the patient's physical and mental postoperative recovery. AORN J 65 (Jan 1997) 48–68.
Fallopian Tube Anastomosis Procedures to Restore Fertility
Authors: Haspel‐Siegel Alyssa S.
Published: August 2006

Fallopian tube interruption is a common form of contraception in the United States. A significant portion of women who undergo these procedures are in their twenties and thirties. For a variety of reasons (eg, change in marital status, wish for additional children, death of children, religious concerns, psychological factors), many of these women later seek restoration of fertility through tubal anastomosis procedures. Using microsurgical techniques with minilaparotomy or laparoscopy procedures, surgeons are able to restore fallopian tube patency in many women. Positive surgical outcomes depend on the method of fallopian tube interruption, the type of tubal anastomosis performed, and the length of the fallopian tube segments being anastomosed. AORN J 65 (Jan 1997) 75–86.
The Perioperative Nurse's Role in Assisted‐Fertility Procedures
Authors: Robinson Barbara J. Hemsley
Published: August 2006

Infertility is the inability to achieve pregnancy within a stipulated period of time (ie, one year) or the repeated failure to carry a pregnancy to term. Advances in assistive reproductive technology have enabled many couples to overcome infertility, but health care providers need to remember that these couples require much support. This article addresses the perioperative nurse's responsibilities during assisted‐fertility procedures that are performed in the OR (eg, transvaginal oocyte retrieval, gamete intrafallopian transfer, zygote intrafallopian transfer). AORN J 65 (Jan 1997) 87–93.
Implementing an Informatics System in a Perioperative Environment
Authors: Williams Peggy W. , Sowell Pamela M. , Smith Carol
Published: August 2006

This article identifies and describes strategies for successful implementation of an informatics system in a perioperative environment. With the trend toward managed care, perioperative nurses must address the challenge of instituting advanced technology in organizations with limited staffing and other resources. Planning methods of the past no longer are relevant in today's health care systems; therefore, innovative planning approaches are important. Five key elements in implementation of an informatics system are: a collaborative planning process, education and involvement of staff members regarding the system's design, development of a timetable, selection of a focus group, and assessment of staff members' training requirements. Methods are described for using a focus group process, including recommendations for structuring the focus group and establishing responsibilities of core group members. AORN J 65 (Jan 1997) 94–97.
The Prevalence of Perioperative Nurse Clinical Judgments
Authors: Killen A.R. , Kleinbeck S.V.M. , Golar K. , Schuchardt J. Takahashi , Uebele J.
Published: August 2006

A clinical judgment about a patient situation precedes the selection of appropriate nursing actions and the identification of patient outcomes. The North American Nursing Diagnosis Association nomenclature (ie, nursing diagnoses) is the accepted language for naming nurses' clinical judgments. Two hundred thirty‐nine members of the Association of Operating Room Nurses, Inc, rated the frequency and treatment priority of 60 nursing diagnoses. They rated two diagnostic labels (ie, risk for perioperative positioning injury, risk for infection) as occurring in more than 50% of the clinical judgments they make about perioperative patient situations that require immediate nursing action. These data reinforce perioperative nurses' primary role in protecting surgical patients from harm. AORN J 65 (Jan 1997) 101–108.
Handbook of Pediatric & Neonatal Transport Medicine
Authors: Davis Janice L.
Published: August 2006

Handbook of Pediatric & Neonatal Transport Medicine By David G. Jaimovich, Dharmapuri Vidyasagar 1996, 520 pp $39.95 paperback
Dailey's Notes on Blood
Authors: Lahde Ruth Ellen
Published: August 2006

Dailey's Notes on Blood, third ed by John F. Dailey 1996, 180 pp $22 paperback
Selected Risk Factors in Pediatric Adenotonsillectomy
Authors: Steelman Victoria M.
Published: August 2006

Selected Risk Factors in Pediatric Adenotonsillectomy, ME Gerber, Archives of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Vol 122, August 1996, 811–814
Laparoscopic Applications for Abdominal Trauma Injuries
Authors: Pilcher C.J. , Wesolowski M.S. , Jawad M.A.
Published: August 2006

Laparoscopy has been shown to be an effective diagnostic and therapeutic modality for trauma patients. The benefits of laparoscopic intervention include the avoidance of negative laparotomy procedures, decreased patient morbidity rates, shorter hospital stays, and lower costs. Laparoscopic limitations are discussed in this article as well as the perioperative nursing considerations in all phases of trauma patients' care. Five case studies in which patients' care was enhanced by the use of laparoscopy are presented. AORN J 64 (Sept 1996) 366–375.
Choreographing Trauma Resuscitation in the OR
Authors: Wooten C. , Kusler D. , Kracun M. , Botsford J. , Lawlor R.
Published: August 2006

Survival rates are enhanced if severely injured trauma patients are admitted directly to the OR for resuscitation and surgical intervention. To increase the survivability and decrease the morbidity of trauma patients with penetrating trauma to the chest or abdomen, a hospital in La Jolla, Calif, developed a “direct to the OR” resuscitation program. This program substantially increased the survival rate of these trauma patients. Perioperative nurses respond to all major trauma situations and assist with surgical procedures completed in a trauma resuscitation room or in the OR.
Intraoperative Progress Reports Decrease Family Members' Anxiety
Authors: Leske Jane S.
Published: August 2006

The researcher used a four‐group quasi‐experimental posttest design to examine the effect of intraoperative progress reports on 200 family members' anxiety. Group one (ie, control group) received standard perioperative care, which did not include intraoperative progress reports. Group two received in‐person progress reports from perioperative nurses. Group three received an “attention” protocol (ie, checklist explaining hospital routines, waiting room procedures). Group four received progress reports delivered by telephone. The researcher compared family members' state anxiety scores, mean arterial pressures (MAPs), and heart rates measured halfway during their relatives' surgical procedures, measuring these dependent variables after providing the interventions. The in‐person intraoperative progress report group reported lower state anxiety scores (P < .001) and had significantly lower MAPs and heart rates (P < .05) than the other three groups. In‐person progress reports appear to be the most beneficial perioperative nursing intervention for reducing family members' anxiety during the intraoperative waiting period.
Breaking the Silence: Battered Women's Perspectives on Medical Care
Authors: Allen Janice R.
Published: August 2006

Breaking the Silence: Battered Women's Perspectives on Medical Care, MA Rodriguez, SS Quiroga, HM Bauer, Archives of Family Medicine, Vol 5, March 1996, 153–158
Tears and Rage: The Nursing Crisis in America
Authors: Clamon Janet
Published: August 2006

TEARS AND RAGE: THE NURSING CRISIS IN AMERICA By Jane Schweitzer 1996, 244 pp $18.95 paperback
Patient Education: A Practical Approach
Authors: Garrett Caroline K.
Published: August 2006

PATIENT EDUCATION: A PRACTICAL APPROACH, second ed By Kate Lorig 1996, 248 pp $26.95 paperback
Perioperative Nursing Care Planning
Authors: Hudepohl Deborah J.
Published: August 2006

PERIOPERATIVE NURSING CARE PLANNING, second ed By Jane C. Rothrock 1996, 570 pp $38.95 paperback
Sleep Secrets for Shift Workers and People with Off‐Beat Schedules
Authors: Pasaka Louise M.
Published: August 2006

SLEEP SECRETS FOR SHIFT WORKERS AND PEOPLE WITH OFF‐BEAT SCHEDULES By David Morgan 1996, 176 pp $12.95 paperback
Problems in Health Care Law
Authors: Schild Sophia M.
Published: August 2006

PROBLEMS IN HEALTH CARE LAW, seventh ed By Robert D. Miller 1996, 592 pp $52 hardcover
Treatment of Depression with Outpatient Electroconvulsive Therapy
Authors: Irvin Susan M.
Published: August 2006

Depression is a common condition that often responds to a variety of treatment modalities. Concerns about antidepressant medications' safety and efficacy and individuals' lack of response or their problems complying with medication regimens have prompted a resurgence in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for specific mental health conditions. Outpatient maintenance ECT, performed under general anesthesia, is a safe, effective follow‐up treatment for individuals with major depression who have undergone inpatient ECT. Individuals with bipolar disorders, catatonia, mania, and schizophrenia and those with Parkinson's disease also can benefit from outpatient ECT. Perioperative nursing care for individuals who undergo outpatient ECT is similar to the care provided to patients scheduled for ambulatory surgery. Successful performance of outpatient ECT requires collaboration by skilled perioperative nurses, psychiatrists, anesthesia care providers, affected individuals, and family members. AORN J 65 (March 1997) 573–582.
Preventing Skin Breakdown: Nursing Practices, Costs, and Outcomes
Authors: Allen Janice R.
Published: August 2006

Preventing Skin Breakdown: Nursing Practices, Costs, and Outcomes, J Bostrom, Applied Nursing Research, Vol 9, November 1996, 184–188
Management of Upper Abdominal Solid Organ Injuries
Authors: Richardson J. David , Brewer Martha
Published: August 2006

Solid organ injuries of the upper abdomen consist primarily of injuries to the spleen and liver. Several years ago, these injuries were fairly straightforward to manage. Recently, however, combinations of new diagnostic modalities and the advent of nonsurgical treatments have added complexity to the management of splenic and hepatic injuries. Splenic injuries that require surgical repairs are managed by splenic salvage when feasible and by splenectomy procedures when the injuries are complicated. Hepatic injuries may require a variety of therapeutic modalities, depending on their complexity. This article reviews some of these treatment options for the management of upper abdominal solid organ injuries. AORN J 63 (May 1996) 907–916.
Traumatic Rupture of the Descending Thoracic Aorta
Authors: Butler Karyn L. , Moore Ernest E. , Harken Alden H.
Published: August 2006

Traumatic rupture of the descending thoracic aorta is a highly lethal injury caused by sudden, rapid deceleration in high‐speed motor vehicular collisions and falls from heights. Deceleration causes the mobile ascending aorta and aortic arch to move forward while the descending thoracic aorta remains fixed by the mediastinal pleura. This opposing movement creates a tear at the aortic isthmus just distal to the origin of the left subclavian artery. Patients with traumatic ruptured descending thoracic aortas often have serious multisystem injuries, and approximately 85% of these patients die at accident scenes or during emergency department resuscitation. The most frequent cause of death is free rupture of periaortic tissues that temporarily have provided tamponade to the sites of aortic ruptures. Surgical mortality rates for patients who survive initial resuscitation are between 10% and 25%. Advances in field triage and emergency medical transportation systems and new preoperative evaluation modalities have improved the survival of patients with traumatic descending thoracic aorta ruptures. AORN J 63 (May 1996) 917–925.
A Comparison of Three Wound Dressings in Patients Undergoing Heart Surgery
Authors: Gaberson Kathleen B.
Published: August 2006

A Comparison of Three Wound Dressings in Patients Undergoing Heart Surgery, K Wikblad, B Anderson, Nursing Research, Vol 44, September/October 1995, 312–316
Davis's Guide to IV Medications
Authors: Reese Josephine P.
Published: August 2006

Davis's Guide to IV Medications,third ed By April Hazard Vallerand, Judith Hopfer Deglin 1996, 1,136 pp $27.95 spiralbound
Expertise in Nursing Practice
Authors: Foltz Kathryn A.
Published: August 2006

Expertise in Nursing PracticeBy Patricia A. Benner, Christine A. Tanner, Catherine A. Chesla 1996, 410 pp $46.95 hardcover
Perioperative Nursing
Authors: Edwards Mary Jane C.
Published: August 2006

Perioperative Nursing,third ed By Linda K. Groah 1996, 512 pp $47.95. hardcover
Nurses
Authors: Skelton Milha
Published: August 2006

NursesBy Marcia Rose 1996, 375 pp $21 hardcover
Calculated Risk: A Provider's Guide to Assessing and Controlling the Financial Risk of Managed Care
Authors: Hatem Chrystine
Published: August 2006

Calculated Risk: A Provider's Guide to Assessing and Controlling the Financial Risk of Managed CareEdited by Bruce S. Pyenson 1995, 80 pp $25 AHA members, $32 nonmembers, paperback
Tuberculosis Makes a Comeback
Authors: Haney P.E. , Raymond B.A. , Hernández J.M. , Seeman S. , Berry A.J.
Published: August 2006

Tuberculosis (TB) has plagued mankind for many centuries. In the past, the number of people afflicted with this potentially deadly disease declined, but there has been a recent dramatic increase in TB incidence. This increase is attributed largely to people who are coinfected with TB and HIV and to the development of resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis during the last decade. The US social infrastructure also has contributed to a rapid rise in TB cases due to adverse socioeconomic factors and an increase in the number of immigrants and people infected with HIV. This article gives a historical overview of TB; discusses its diagnosis, transmission and prevention modalities; and provides a case study about a TB‐infected patient who required emergent surgical intervention. AORN J 63 (April 1996) 705–715.
Multiple Subpial Transection for Landau‐Kleffner Syndrome
Authors: Buelow Janice M. , Aydelott Pat , Pierz Deborah M. , Heck Barbara
Published: August 2006

Landau‐Kleffner syndrome (LKS) is an acquired epileptic aphasia caused by a lesion in the speech centers of the cerebral cortex during a critical period of childhood development. Characteristics of LKS include language deterioration, seizure disorders, and severe electroencephalogram abnormalities. Multiple subpial transection (MST) is a surgical procedure that eliminates seizure activity in the cerebral cortex while preserving the child's normal cortical functions of speech, movement, primary sensation, and memory. This article presents a summary of clinical studies on LKS and discusses the diagnosis of LKS, traditional medical treatments, patient selection for MST procedures, and perioperative care of children undergoing MST procedures. AORN J 63 (April 1996) 727–739.
The Impact of Parental Presence on Parental Anxiety and Satisfaction
Authors: Blesch Pam , Fisher Mary L.
Published: August 2006

Researchers used an experimental research design to vary the amount of parental presence during their children's anesthesia induction and recovery and measured the effect of parental presence on parental anxiety and satisfaction with care. The State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to assess parental anxiety. The researchers measured parents' blood pressures and pulse rates as a second measure of anxiety. They found no significant differences in parental anxiety between study groups (ie, the parents attending during their children's anesthesia induction and recovery, the parents not attending) but observed significant differences between mothers and fathers. Overall satisfaction scores were high, with little variability and no significant differences between study groups. Parents and physicians and nursing staff members supported the practice of parental presence during children's anesthesia induction and immediate postoperative recovery period. AORN J 63 (April 1996) 761–768.
Relationship of Perceived Barriers to Breast Self‐Examination in Women of Varying Ages and Levels of Education
Authors: Allen Janice R.
Published: August 2006

Relationship of Perceived Barriers to Breast Self‐Examination in Women of Varying Ages and Levels of Education, ME Sensiba, DS Stewart, Oncology Nursing Forum, Vol 22, September 1995, 1265–1268
Chest Tube Removal Practices in Critical Care Units in the United States
Authors: McConnell Edwina A.
Published: August 2006

Chest Tube Removal Practices in Critical Care Units in the United States, MR Kinney, KT Kirchhoff, KA Puntillo, American Journal of Critical Care, Vol 4, November 1995, 419–424
Continuous Quality Improvement in Health Care
Authors: Beckwith Helen
Published: August 2006

Continuous Quality Improvement in Health Care By Curtis P. McLaughlin, Arnold D. Kaluzny 1994, 467 pp $59 hardcover
The Second Decade of AIDS: A Mental Health Practice Handbook
Authors: Fenton Clarence
Published: August 2006

The Second Decade of AIDS: A Mental Health Practice Handbook Edited by Walter Odets, Michael Shernoff 1994, 312 pp $19.95 paperback
Occupational Medicine
Authors: Laubert James H.
Published: August 2006

Occupational Medicine, third ed By Carl Zenz, O. Bruce Dickerson, Edward P. Horvath, Jr 1994, 1,316 pp $149 hardcover
The Empathic Practitioner: Empathy, Gender, and Medicine
Authors: Lagueux Donna
Published: August 2006

The Empathic Practitioner: Empathy, Gender, and Medicine Edited by Ellen Singer More, Maureen A. Milligan 1994, 266 pp $18 paperback
Management of Alcoholic Cirrhosis of the Liver
Authors: McEwen Donna R.
Published: August 2006

Patients with liver disease require skilled, complex management of the inevitable complications associated with hepatic dysfunction. Portal hypertension, a major consequence of cirrhosis of the liver, causes ascites and esophageal variceal hemorrhages. Many clinical and surgical treatment options are available to manage these complications; however, they often produce only temporary symptom control and may beget further morbidity. This article focuses on the etiology, complications, and treatment of alcoholic cirrhosis. Perioperative nursing care of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis is based on an understanding of normal hepatic functions and the systemic effects of cirrhosis. AORN J 64 (Aug 1996) 209–226.
Cryosurgical Ablation of Unresectable Hepatic Tumors
Authors: Zuro Lynne M. , Staren Edgar D.
Published: August 2006

Ultrasound‐guided hepatic cryosurgery is a potential treatment option for select patients with unresectable tumors. Intraoperative placement of cryoprobes and monitoring of tumor freezing with ultrasonography produce complete remission in 22% to 29% of patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal tumors to the liver. Perioperative nurses should be knowledgeable about cryosurgical techniques and be prepared to participate in this innovative treatment modality to provide optimal care to surgical Patients. AORN J 64 (Aug 1996) 231–244.