bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leveraging ChatGPT for Enhanced Logical Analysis in the Theory of Constraints Thinking Process
Authors: Aljaž Tomaž
Published: May 2024

Background/Purpose

Artificial intelligence (AI) has traditionally been used for quantitative analysis using explicit data. However, much of the information critical to decision making remains undocumented and is not stored in a structured way. This study explores the integration of AI, specifically ChatGPT, into Theory of Constraints (TOC) Thinking Process (TP) tools.

Method

In this study, we applied ChatGPT to a real-world IT project management case using a variety of research methods, including international literature analysis, observation, and personal experience. The use of the TOC TP allowed us to understand the decision-making process of ChatGPT and to systematically explore its advantages and limitations in creating logical trees of TOC TP.

Results

ChatGPT significantly enhanced efficiency and depth in TOC TP data collection and analysis, effectively addressing logical leaps for more coherent structures. It also promoted deeper analytical thinking and aided root cause identification. The integration of ChatGPT into the TOC TP process led to faster decision-making, reduced bias, and clearer analysis. Challenges of ChatGPT including the need for human oversight, specific TOC TP training, and ethical considerations were noted.

Conclusion

This study provides an initial investigation into the use of ChatGPT in TOC TP tools. The results suggest that ChatGPT has the potential to be a valuable tool for organizations seeking to improve their decision making and performance. However, further research is needed to validate these findings and explore the full potential of AI in TOC TP.
Factors associated with sleep disorders among Health College Students in the Southwestern Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Gosadi Ibrahim , Hakami Khalid , Hakami Faisal , Zaalah Shaden , Shubayli Sahar , Alfaifi Samar , Hamdi Sulaiman , Alhazmi Abdulaziz
Published: May 2024

Background: Due to their extended intensive study schedules, clinical duties, and high academic loads, health college students, especially medical students, are a section of the population that is more susceptible to sleep disturbances. The present study aimed to estimate the frequency and assess the factors associated with sleep disorders among health college students at Jazan University.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using a validated questionnaire distributed among the health college students at Jazan University. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 20. Descriptive statistics, chi-square, and t-tests were employed for data analysis.
Results: The study involved 764 participants, with an average age of 21.58 ± 2.12. The majority of the participants were females, accounting for 57% of the total sample. Almost half of the participants (49%) experienced at least one sleep disorder, with narcolepsy being the most prevalent sleep disorder among participants representing 36%. Being a Female gender, consuming caffeine, chewing Khat, spending more time on electronic devices, engaging in physical activity less the 2 hours before sleep with decreased hours of daily sleep, and sleeping at a later time were statistically associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing at least one sleep disorders (p =
Dengue fever in Saudi Arabia: review of the recent literature
Authors: Alhamyani Majd , Alluqmani Musab , Alhurayti Talal , Awadh Aseel , Altowairqi Abdulmajeed
Published: May 2024

Dengue fever (DF) stands out as one of the most perilous mosquito-borne viruses, exerting a significant toll on both medical and economic fronts globally. Historically, Latin America and Asia have emerged as focal points for much of the DF research endeavors, owing to the pronounced burdens the virus imposes on these regions. In other areas, like in the Middle East, where DF has posed a significant public health risk, research is critically required. Therefore, this review of literature attempted to cover a variety of DF-related topics in Saudi Arabia to help healthcare professionals improve the level of DF management. The review was conducted by searching the Medline, PubMed archives, National Library of Medicine, Google Scholar, and other resourceful databases with relevant information regarding DF. The search was conducted using Arabic and English literature. Extra references were located in the reference lists of the selected articles, whereby, the selection process involved reviewing the abstracts and titles of each article. It was found that in Saudi Arabia, the first known case of DF happened in 1993. However, in 2004, the disease was officially declared an endemic, following a decade of intermittent outbreaks. Similar to other countries where DF has been declared endemic, Saudi Arabia's climate, sociodemographic diversity, and growing population have contributed to the spread of DF. Several factors including the substantial influx of migrant laborers and religious visitors from dengue-endemic regions across the Middle East, North Africa, and Asia contribute to the proliferation of DF in Saudi Arabia.
Naphthalene mothball ingestion without hemolysis in a five-year-old female: a case report
Authors: Alqahtani Ghada , Alshalan Abdulaziz , Eskandarani Rawan , Algoraini Yara
Published: May 2024

Background: Naphthalene poisoning from mothball exposure is a prevalent cause of toxicity in children worldwide. Naphthalene poisoning can lead to hemolytic anemia, methemoglobinemia, and hepatic and renal damage. Studies regarding naphthalene ingestion not associated with complications do not exist.
Case Report: We report a novel case of unwitnessed naphthalene mothball ingestion in a 5-year-old child who did not exhibit any complications, such as hemolysis or methemoglobinemia, and was discharged safely with no sequelae.
Conclusion: Awareness of the dangers of naphthalene poisoning is important to prevent poisoning and death.
DEVELOPMENT AND CORRELATION BETWEEN IN VITRO DRUG RELEASE AND IN VITRO PERMEATION OF THERMALLY TRIGGERED MUCOADHESIVE IN SITU NASAL GEL OF REPAGLINIDE PVP K30 COMPLEX
Authors: Pathak Kamla , Kumar Anil , Yadav Ekta
Published: May 2024

The aim of the investigation was to develop and evaluate thermoreversible in situ nasal gel formulations of repaglinide (REP) and to establish correlation between its in vitro release and ex vivo permeation profiles. The solubility of REP was enhanced by preparing solid dispersions (SDs) with hydrophilic carriers (PVP K30/ PEG 6000/ poloxamer 188) in different weight ratios. REP: PVP K30 (1:5) was selected as the optimized SD as it showed highest enhancement in solubility (405%). The optimized SD was characterized by SEM and DSC and incorporated into a blend of thermoreversible and mucoadhesive polymers (poloxamer 407 and carbopol 934 P) by cold technique to form in situ gels (F1-F6). The prepared in-situ gels were evaluated for various pharmacotechnical features and the formulation F3 exhibited least gelling time of 6.1± 0.20, good mucoadhesive property to ensure sufficient residence time at the site of application and a %CDR of 82.25%. The ex vivo permeation characteristics across goat mucosa can be summarized as CDP of 78.7%, flux = 6.80 mg/cm2/h; permeability coefficient of 2.02 mg/h and zero order kinetics. On correlating the CDR profile of F3 with that of its CDP profile, a R2 value of 0.991 (slope= 0.921) was observed. The value of slope approximating one, suggested that almost entire amount of drug released from F3 was capable of permeating across the nasal mucosa, ex-vivo indicating that in-situ nasal gels of REP for systemic action can be successfully developed for the management non-insulin dependent type-II diabetes mellitus.
Evaluation of in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Sinapic acid
Authors: Sathuluri Vineela , Devi Chinta Manga , Thakur Santh Rani
Published: May 2024

Sinapic acid (SA) is a potent nutraceutical or natural bioactive compound which is commonly present in the human diet. It was evaluated for its anti-inflammatory activity by in- vitro methods like albumin denaturation assay, heat induced and hypotonicity induced haemolysis, Cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) and lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibition assay at different concentrations. Aspirin (200 μg/ml) and Indomethacin (100 μg/ml) were used as standard drugs. The results showed that Sinapic acid at a concentration range of 10-500 μg/ml significantly (P<0.001) protected the heat induced protein denaturation. Heat and hypotonicity induced haemolysis of erythrocyte was significantly (P<0.001) inhibited at the concentration of 500 μg/ml. The (COX-2) and (5-LOX) enzymes were significantly (P<0.001) inhibited by Sinapic acid. The results indicate that Sinapic acid may be a potential anti-inflammatory agent.
Antimicrobial activity of a Polyherbal formulation containing Ocimum sanctum, Rubia cordifolia and Glycyrrhiza glabra extracts against different microbial species
Authors: Shafi Sameer , Shendarkar Giridhar Raosaheb
Published: May 2024

In the present investigation, antimicrobial evaluation of individual creams of Ocimum sanctum, Rubia cordifolia, Glycyrrhiza glabra and their optimized polyherbal cream was carried out using commonly used gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) gram negetive bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and fungi (Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger). The study reported that, both individual extract creams and polyherbal creams have shown antimicrobial activity. The Ocimum sanctum extract based cream was more effective against gram positive bacteria having more zone of inhibition (20±0.57, 15±0.05) than rest 04 species while Glycyrrhiza glabra extract based cream was more effective against gram negative bacteria having more zone of inhibition (20±1.0, 11±0.46) and fungi (10±0.46, 13±0.15). The Rubia cordifolia extract based cream reported to be less stronger action against all species as compared to above mentioned both the creams. Howevere, all the three creams were less potent than reference standard cream. The optimized polyherbal formulation showed enhanced zone of inhibition significantly, compared to individual extract based creams. The effect was even more than the reference standard cream against gram positive (22±0.28, 18±0.20) and gram negative (19±0.15, 22±0.35) bacteria, suggesting synergistic combination of ingredients. Thus study validated the usefulness of polyherbal cream consisting of Ocimum sanctum, Glycyrrhiza glabra and Rubia cordifolia against most common pathogens in dermatology, suggesting possible role to treat multidrug resistant mixed infections. This action may be attributed to synergistic actions of various phytoconstituents involved.
In silico prediction and molecular docking study on the interaction of bioactive compounds of Adenanthera pavonina exploring the potential antifungal activity against Candida glabrata cell wall proteins
Authors: Bhadran Shubha , GEORGE SANGEETHA ANNIE , Malla Sudhakar , Puttaraju HARINI B.
Published: May 2024

Candida glabrata infections being resistant to many azole antifungal agents, are difficult to treat. Various parts of Adenanthera pavonina have been used in traditional medicine. In the present study, an attempt was made to screen the bioefficacy of the identified phytoconstituents of A. pavonina on an in silico platform and identify some potential drug-like molecules that can impede important drug targets of C. glabrata using the molecular docking method. In a previous study related to the current research, the phytochemical profiling of the methanolic stem extract of A. pavonina was carried out using GC-MS to identify the phytoconstituents. The three-dimensional structure of the fungal receptors were derived by homology modeling using Modeller9v7 and the same for the ligands for which the structures were not available were drawn by ACD chemSketch. The docking of ligands and receptors were performed using PatchDock software. Druglikeliness and pharmacodynamics properties were evaluated using SWISS-ADME. GC-MS analysis of the A. pavonina extract revealed the presence of 17 phyto compounds, of which 2 heptyl 1,3dioxolane and methyl 4-o-methyl-d-arabinopyranoside best docked with the epithelial adhesion protein 6 receptor and cell wall transcription factor ACE2. Methyl 4-o-methyl-d-arabinopyranoside also best docked with the integral cell wall protein receptor. Although other compounds have shown good scores related to docking 2 heptyl 1, 3 dioxolane had an excellent binding affinity than the other ligands thus signifying its potent antifungal activity. 2 Heptyl 1, 3 Dioxolane was found to be BBB positive and 4-O-Methyl-D-arabinopyranoside is BBB negative. As the finding indicates, the two phyto compounds present in the methanolic stem extract of A. pavonina demonstrated good docking scores when docked with specific fungal cell wall receptors and thus can prove to be appropriated for the lead molecule.
Potential investigation of Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory activities in In vitro Root tubers of Holostemma annulare (Roxb.)K Schum
Authors: Devi P. S. Smitha , Preetha T. S.
Published: May 2024

Holostemma  annulare  is a twining perennial shrub belonging to the family Asclepiadaceae with therapeutic and pharmacological potentialities. The root tuber of the plant is rich in antioxidants and have been suggested as potential sources of anti-inflammatory compounds. Thus the antioxidant and anti- inflammatory activities of the methanolic in vivo and in vitro root tuber extracts of the H. annulare with wide spread use in folk medicine were evaluated in this study. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH, Nitric oxide, Hydrogen peroxide, Superoxide scavenging and Reducing power activity assays. In addition, in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of the methanol root tuber extracts was evaluated by proteinase inhibition assay, COX and LOX assays. The results revealed that in vitro root tuber extracts possesses significant antioxidant and anti- inflammatory activities to the extent of in vivo tubers and thus can be explored as an important sources of novel antioxidant and anti- inflammatory agents. This application also emphasizes the potential utilization of in vitro tubers of the species for drug formulations.
Evaluation of Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Activity of Fruit Extract of Hylocereus undatus in Experimental Animals
Authors: Walvekar Supriya Subhash , Naikwade Nilofar Shahnwaj , Patil Shirish Sidgonda , Mulla Ayesha Khalil , Khot Pooja Nanaso
Published: May 2024

Hylocereus undatus, generally known as dragon fruit was used in the present study to investigate antidepressant and anti-anxiety activity. In antidepressant activity we found that administration of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg ethanolic fruit extract of Hylocereus undatus (EFEHU) and standard drug imipramine (20 mg/kg) for 21 days to respective group of animals they showed significantly reduced the immobility time in both Tail suspension test (TST) and Despair swim test (DST) in dose dependent manner as well as biochemical estimation was done. In anxiolytic activity administration of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg EFEHU and standard drug diazepam (2 mg/kg) for 14 days to respective group of animals. In Elevated plus maze test (EPMT) significantly increased time spent in open arm and number of entries in open arm. The significantly increased level of 5-HT and GABA in brain of mice in dose dependent manner in both DST and EPMT. The phytochemical study of EFEHU showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, carbohydrates, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, oils, phenolic compounds and qualitative examination by HPTLC technique showed that presence of quercetin and gallic acid. Therefore, the presence of such compounds in the extract may be responsible for the antidepressant and anxiolytic activity. Therefore, present study validates its antidepressant and anxiolytic activity. Further, research is required to elucidate its specific mechanism of action and isolation of responsible active principles.
EVALUATION OF PROTECTIVE ACTION OF SESAME SEED OIL ON CHLORPROMAZINE ASSOCIATED EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SIDE EFFECTS IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS
Authors: Khot Pooja Nanaso , NAIKWADE NILOFAR SHAHNWAJ , BAGWAN SALMA AKBAR , Walvekar SUPRIYA SUBHASH , MULLA AYESHA KHALIL
Published: May 2024

Sesame plant (sesamum indicum Lin.) Belonging to family Pedaliaceae. Sesame seed oil also known as queen of oil which contains number of phytochemicals like thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, folic acid, vitamin B12, ascorbic acid, stearic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid and Various lignance like sesamolin, pinoresinol, sesamin, Sesamol, tocopherols which are potent antioxidants and has reported neuroprotective action therefore, Sesame seed oil (SSO) was used in present study to investigate its protective action on chlorpromazine (CPZ) associated extrapyramidal side effects (EPSE) in animal model. The study was designed by giving CPZ (3mg/kg ip) for 21days to induce EPSE in animals. CPZ significantly induce EPSE (Catalepsy, muscular rigidity and hypolocomotion) in a period of 21 days. The effect of SSO on CPZ induced EPSE in rat was evaluated using doses 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg PO. Syndopa (10mg/kg) was used as standard drug. During 21 days of study animals behavioral parameters were evaluated after each 7 days of interval by block test (catalepsy), Rotarod test (muscular rigidity) and Actophotometre (locomotors activity). Animals showed significantly reduced catalepsy score, increased fall of time and increased locomotors activity in dose dependant manner.  Biochemical estimation of dopamine (DA) and antioxidant parameters were also evaluated. SSO treated animal groups showed significant increase in level of DA, Catalase and reduced glutathione preferably at higher dose. Thus present study validates that SSO has an antioxidant and protective effect on CPZ associated EPSE.
POLYSACCHARIDE BASED CONTROLLED RELEASE MUCOADHESIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR PAIN MANAGEMENT
Authors: Namdev Nidhi , Pillai Mousumi Kar , Pillai Sujit Pillai , Raghuvanshi Ruchita , Ahirwal Ujjawal , Yadav R
Published: May 2024

Mucoadhesion is one of the most extensively studied methods for the administration of medication for faster onset of action with enhanced bioavailability. Present investigation was concerned with the development and characterization of controlled release muco-adhesive drug delivery system for the drug Tramadol Hydrochloride (TRD) to extend the duration of analgesia for patients suffering from acute to chronic pain. Formulations were made using the solvent casting technique, incorporating natural polymers like Guar Gum, Xanthum Gum and Chitosan in conjunction with HPMC (hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose) to modify the drug release. The compatibility of film components were validated by Fourier Transform Infra- Red (FTIR) spectroscopy and subjected to physico-chemical evaluation parameters and ex-vivo drug diffusion study. Optimized formulation was tested for analgesic efficacy in vivo to determine extent of their suitability in therapeutic use. All the prepared formulations exhibited superior pharmaceutical qualities with respect to drug content, folding endurance, swelling index and mucoadhesion time. In ex-vivo drug diffusion study, all the films displayed a controlled release lasting longer than eight hours. Formulations containing Chitosan in combination with HPMC (F6) showed better controlled drug release over other combinations. The formulation F6 bring out remarkable in vivo analgesic efficacy with 58.10 % analgesia in contrast to the standard (61.16%). It was deduced that Tramadol hydrochloride mucoadhesive films were found to be an effective treatment for moderate to severe pain with a quick onset and a lengthy half-life.
Quality-by-Design Optimization of Electrospinning Parameters to Formulate Scaffolds for Topical Inflammatory Disease Management via Drug Repurposing
Authors: Alka  , Saraf Shubhini A.
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the fabrication of chitosan (CS)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blend nanofibers via electrospinning, aiming to create nanofibers with enhanced properties for broad applications. The research focuses on optimizing electrospinning parameters to reduce bead formation and achieve uniform nanofiber morphology. A detailed experimental design, employing a nineteen-point plan developed with Design-Expert software, examined variables such as polymer concentration, distance from the needle to the collector, the required voltage, and the rate at which solution was ejected from the needle. Morphological characteristics of the nanofibers were analyzed using advanced microscopy, complemented by drug release and wound healing assessments. The optimal electrospinning conditions were determined to be a 1:3 CS/PVA solution concentration ratio, an 8 cm needle-to-collector distance, a 20 kV applied voltage, and a 1 mL/hour flow rate. Scanning electron microscopy revealed uniform nanofibers with diameters between 100 to 250 nm, devoid of bead defects. In-vitro analysis demonstrated a sustained release profile of azilsartan (AZL), while in-vivo studies on rats indicated enhanced wound healing, corroborated by histological examination. The findings suggest that CS/PVA nanofibers, fabricated under these conditions, possess promising characteristics for use as a drug-delivery scaffold in wound treatment applications.
EROSIVE OSTEOARTHRITIS: A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: Gadhiya Harshil , Radhanpura Yash , Tirgar Pravin
Published: May 2024

Osteoarthritis, also known as OA, is a type of joint degeneration characterized by changes in the morphology and biochemistry of the synovial membrane and joint capsule, as well as degradation of cartilage joint and expansion of the marginal bone. Inflammation causes the joints to deteriorate in a subtype of osteoarthritis called erosive OA. DIP (distal interphalangeal), PIP (proximal interphalangeal), CMC (carpometacarpal) and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints are the most often affected joints in the hand. Other joints in other body regions are extremely seldom affected. Our patient’s diagnosis report suggests erosive osteoarthritis and seronegative arthritis as negative anti-RF factors.
خيال الظل والقرة قوز في المسرحين العربي والتركي (دراسة مقارنة)
Authors: أحمد نفلة حسن , تحسين اوزلر أياد
Published: May 2024

يعد الأدب التركي من الآداب العريقة التي تمتد جذورها الى العصور القديمة، إذ وُجد الادب الشعبي منه في الاساطير والقصص والحكايات والامثلة الشعبية والمسرحيات وادب التكايا، ونظرا لتقارب الثقافات والدين الواحد، وهو الدين الاسلامي المشترك بين الشعبين العربي والتركي، وكذلك الظروف السياسية المشتركة، ولعوامل الاستعمار والهجرة،  نجد أن الأدبين العربي والتركي يجتمعان بمرجعيات  وفنون تراثية مشتركة الى حد ما، ومن ضمنها المسرح الشعبي القديم، وكما هو معلوم أن الدراسات المقارنة تتمحور حول التداخلات بين الثقافات المختلفة، لهذا رأيت أن بوسعنا دراسة فن خيال الظل والقرة قوز في المسرحين العربي والتركي، ولا يخفى على دارس الأدب العربي وتاريخه ان خيال الظل من الفنون الفلكلوية التي حظيت بشعبية كبيرة ونالت اعجاب طبقات المجتمع كافة في الشرق الأوسط عبر العصور.
تغير درجة الحرارة في العراق خلال القرن العشرين
Authors: إبراهيم رافع خضير , شهاب احمد طه
Published: May 2024

يتم من خلال هذا الدراسة تناول التغيرات المناخية المسجلة والمتوقعة للعراق لعنصر الحرارة من خلال تحليل بيانات السلسلة الزمنية للمدة (1900-1999م) سيتم فيها تحديد ونمذجة ما تم من تغيرات في حرارة الهواء في العراق وأيضا سيتم فيها الاعتماد على قاعدة بيانات التغيرات المناخية التاريخية (historical climate simulation )(gis.ucar، 2005) وذلك لعدم توفر تسجيلات دقيقة لدرجات الحرارة في العراق بعد ، وان توفرت لسنوات لاحقة في بعض المحطات فهي غير منتظمة التسجيل وتقتصر على محطات قليلة جدا. وقد تم التركيز في دراسة التغيرات المناخية للعراق على عنصري الحرارة  وإسقاطاتها المستقبلية لكونها اهم عنصر مناخي وهي الأكثر تأثيرا في حياة الانسان وباقي عناصر المناخ الأخرى ، وتم اعتماد المعدل اليومي لدرجة الحرارة لكونه يمثل الاتجاه العام لدرجات الحرارة بشكل واضح خلافا لدرجات الحرارة العظمى او الصغرى لكونها تتعرض للكثير من التطرفات .
التحليل المكاني للأطفال المصابين ببعض الأمراض المتوطنة في محافــــــظة صلاح الــــديـــن للمدة 2009-2021م
Authors: جاسم الجبوري ناعس محمد نصيف , احمد الدوري عبد الرزاق جاسم
Published: May 2024

تمثل أمراض (الحمى السوداء وحبة بغداد (داء الليشمانيا)، من أهم الأمراض المتوطنة التي تصيب الأطفال، اذ بلغ مجموع الأطفال المصابين بهما طوال مدة البحث (2927) مصاباً، والتي تتباين من سنة لأخرى، فنجد أنّ معدلات الإصابات المسجلة بدأت بالارتفاع منذ 2009م، إذ وصلت ذروتها في 2013م لتعاود الانخفاض في 2017م، لتعاود بالارتفاع مجدداً في 2021م. اما على مستوى الأقضية فنلاحظ أنّ أكبر نسبة للإصابات سُجّلتْ في قضاء تكريت، ومن ثم سامراء وبلد، بينما سُجلّت أدنى المعدلات في الدور وامرلي، وقد تبين أنّ هناك تبايناً في عدد الأطفال المصابين بالأمراض قيد البحث من خلال الاتجاهات الزمانية والمكانية، فضلا عن أبعادهم الديموغرافية، اذ تبين مما أنّ الاستعداد للإصابة بالمرض لدى الاناث أكبر منها لدى الذكور
الحياة الاجتماعية لمكونات المجتمع الجزائري 1671-1830
Authors: خلف منال بدر , حميد رائد سامي , خضر عواد إبراهيم
Published: May 2024

عرفَ المجتمع الجزائري أثناء عهد الدايات 1671-1830م نوعاً من التركيبة الاجتماعية، فمنهم من سكن المدن ومنهم سكن الأرياف وعلى الرغم من ذلك التنوع، فقد كانت حياتهم لها مميزاتها من خلال العادات والتقاليد التي تمسكوا بها، فضلاً عن علاقتهم مع حكام الجزائر وعلاقتهم مع بعضهم عن طريق التعايش مع الآخرين.
   تميز كل مكون بعادات وتقاليد خاصة به، أثرت بشكل إيجابي في السلم المجتمعي داخل الجزائر أثناء عهد الدايات إذ برزت الاحتفالات الخاصة وارتداء الملابس المعينة لكل مكون مع إسهام الدايات في تقوية أواصر تلك المكونات من دون تمييز، وهناك طقوس خاصة لعدد من المكونات كانت تجري برعاية الحكام بمشاركة عدد من الأقليات المتواجدة آنذاك.
دور الولايات المتحدة في هجرة يهود الفلاشا (عملية سبأ)
Authors: حنش صلاح وهيب , احمد محمد يحيى
Published: May 2024

يهدف البحث الى تسليط الضوء على دور الولايات المتحدة في هجرة يهود الفلاشا (عملية سبأ), والتي تم تنفيذها في العشرة الاواخر من شهر اذار 1985, وقد برز في هذه العملية دور  الولايات المتحدة الامريكية, من خلال ما قدمته الادارة الامريكية من دعم عبر اعمدة ادارتها, فقد مهدت المخابرات المركزية الامريكية للعملية مسبقاً, من تهيئة مكان انطلاق العملية وتعقب يهود الفلاشا الاثيوبيين, وجمع المعلومات عنهم في مخيمات اللجوء الواقعة شرق السودان, اذ يوجد اللاجئون الاثيوبيون بما فيهم يهود الفلاشا, فضلاً عن الاستعانة بالقوة الجوية التي قامت بنقل يهود الفلاشا الى (اسرائيل) مباشرةً, كذلك فرضت غطاء السرية على العملية, وعدم التصريح حول مجرياتها, لتحاشي ردت الفعل من قبل الحكومة الاثيوبية الرافض لها.
الاندماج الاجتماعي لدى طالبات الاقسام الداخلية
Authors: جميل سرى اسعد , وهيب عبير عبد الرزاق
Published: May 2024

يهدف البحث الحالي التعرف على:1_ التعرف على الاندماج الاجتماعي لدى طالبات الاقسام الداخلية في جامعة تكريت. 2_ الفروق ذات الدلالة الاحصائية في الاندماج الاجتماعي لدى طالبات الاقسام الداخلية في جامعة تكريت وفقا لمتغير التخصص (علمي، انساني). وتحقيقاً لأهداف البحث قامت الباحثة ببناء مقياس                  ( الاندماج الاجتماعي)، المكون من (36) فقرة ولكل فقرة (5) بدائل، وقد طبقت الباحثة الاداة على عينة البحث التي اختيرت عشوائياً  والمكونة من (400) طالبة من طالبات الاقسام الداخلية في جامعة تكريت بواقع (200) طالبة للتخصص العلمي، و (200) طالبة للتخصص الانساني. وقد أظهرت نتائج البحث تمتع طالبات الاقسام الداخلية في جامعة تكريت بالاندماج الاجتماعي، وكانت هناك فروقاً ذات دلالة احصائية تبعاً لمتغير التخصص (علمي _ انساني) لصالح التخصص العلمي.
مدى تركيز مقرر علم النفس التربوي على القيم التربية والاجتماعية في كليه التربية
Authors: مطر علاء جمعه , عبد الله محمد قاسم
Published: May 2024

تعتمد أهميه الدراسة الحالية على معالجتها لقضايا القيم التربوية والاجتماعية ، وهي من أبرز القضايا التي تشكل العمود الفقري للعلوم التربوية والنفسية ، من حيث صلتها بالجوانب الاخلاقية والتربوية. حياه الفرد المتعلم. هدفت الدراسة إلى تحديد مدى تركيز مساقات عٍلَم النفس التربوي في كليه التربية بجامعه تكريت على القيم التربوية والاجتماعية من وجهه نظر أعضاء هيئه التدريس والطلاب. ولتحقيق ذلك استخدم الباحث أسلوب التحليل الوصفي ، حيث قام بإعداد أداه مكونه من استبيان مكون من (34) فقره حول درجه توافر القيم في مقرر العلوم النفسية بالجامعة ، وتم تطبيق الاستبانة على عينه. تتكون من (30) عضوا من هيئه تدريس و (122) طالبا وطالبه. طالبه في السنتين الثانية والثالثة من كليه التربية يصل مجموع العينة إلى (152). أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن مستوى تمثيل القيم التربوية في عٍلَم النفس التربوي كان عند مستوى متوسط ​​، كما أن مستوى تمثيل القيم الاجتماعية  كان عند مستوى متوسط ​​، ولم تجد فرقاً بين الوسيلة في عٍلَم النفس التربوي. . استجابات الأعضاء لتوافر القيم التربوية والاجتماعية في مساقات عٍلَم النفس التربوي نتيجة متغيرات مثل المؤهلات الأكاديمية وسنوات الخبرة وعدد الدورات التدريبية ، مع ملاحظه عدم وجود فروق بين متوسطات الطلاب بسبب متغيرات مثل كالجنس ، العام الدراسي ، دورات عٍلَم النفس التربوي ذات الصلة الإجابة على توافر القيم في التعليم والمجتمع.
تصور مقترح لتطوير البرامج الأكاديمية في جامعة تبوك في ضوء جودة مخرجات التعلم العالمية
Authors: عايد الضويحي مشاري بن حميد
Published: May 2024

تهدف الدراسة إلى بناء مقترح لتطوير البرامج الأكاديمية لجامعة تبوك في ضوء جودة مخرجات التعليم العالمية. اعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، حيث تم تطوير استبانة كأداة لجمع البيانات اللازمة. يتكون مجتمع الدراسة من أعضاء الهيئة التدريسية في جامعة تبوك، حيث تم اختيار (270) عضواً كعينة للدراسة. أشارت نتائج أن البرامج الأكاديمية في جامعة تبوك بحاجة للتطوير في ضوء مخرجات التعليم العالمية، كما أن البرامج التطويرية الحالية غير قادرة على الإيفاء بالمتطلبات المعاصرة، وعلى ضوء هذه النتائج تم تقديم مقترح لتطوير البرامج الأكاديمية، توصي الدراسة بعمل لجان متخصصة لدراسة العوامل التي يمكن أن تحدد التطويرات الممكنة على البرامج الأكاديمية.
إشتغالات الأثنولوجيا في عروض المسرح التربوي
Authors: عبيد عامر سالم
Published: May 2024

يتَّصف المسرحُ التربويُّ بكونِهِ من الأنشطةِ الفنيَّة والدراميَّة ذاتُ الطابِع المؤثِّرِ والمُثير والمُمتع في مَجالِ ترسيخِ المَعارفِ والقيَم الإنسانيَّة في أذهانِ المُتعلمين ووجدانِهم، إذ يُعدُّ المسرحُ التربوي أداةً تربويَّةً وتعليميَّةً مُمتعةً تُسهِمُ في تفاعُلِ المُتعلمين وتنميَةِ تفكيرهِم وترسيخِ القيَمِ التربويَّة والأخلاقيَّة فيهِم، وذلكَ لأنَّه يَتبنَّى حِواراً مُتبادَلاً بينَ المسرحِ والمُتعلمين، ويَتَّسع لممارساتٍ فنيَّةٍ مُتعددة مِن حيثُ إمكانيَّاتها الإبداعيَّة ووسائِلها الفنيَّة وأهدافِها. كما تُعدُّ الأثنولوجيا أحدُ فروعِ الأنثروبولوجيا، وتدرسُ الأثنولوجيا خصائصَ الشعوبِ اللغويَّة والثقافيَّةِ والسلاليَّةِ، ومن هُنا فإن الأثنولوجيا في عروضِ المسرحِ التربوي تَدعو إلى تنميةِ الفكرِ وتوسيعِ المعرفةِ وبناءِ الشخصيَّة الناضجةِ والإيجابيَّة لِلمُتعلمين.
توزَّعت هيكليَّة البحثِ على أربعةِ فصولٍ، تضمَّن الفصلُ الأوَّلُ مِنها الإطار المَنهجي وقَد احتَوى على (مشكلةِ البحثِ، أهميتِه، هدفِه، حدودِه، تحديدِ المُصطلحات)، أما الفصل الثاني فتضمَّن الإطار النظري والذي تكوَّن مِن مَبحثينِ: تناوَل المَبحثُ الأوَّل الأثنولوجيا والثاني تناولَ المسرحَ التربوي، أما الفصل الثالث فقد خُصِّص للإطار الإجرائِي، وتناولَ الفصلُ الرابعُ نتائجَ البحثِ واستنتاجاتِه فضلاً عن التوصياتِ والمُقتَرحات .
The Effectiveness of Multisensory Approach for Teaching EFL on Intermediate School Students
Authors: Majeed Nahida Taha , Ghaleb Noor Arkan
Published: May 2024

The current study aims at finding out the effectiveness of the Multisensory Approach  for  teaching  EFL on intermediate school  students  through finding out :

the average level of students' achievement in English.
whether there is any significant difference between the achievement of the experimental group and that of the control group in the posttest.

These aims have been achieved through verifying the following hypotheses:

The average level of the students’ achievement in the posttest is within the theoretical level of performance in English.
There is no significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group’s achievement and that of the control group’s achievement in the posttest.
Iraqi EFL University Instructors' Attitudes Towards the Hybrid Learning Model in the Teaching and Learning Process
Authors: Mahmood Manal.j.
Published: May 2024

This paper describes the process of developing and validating a self-assessment survey that measures "technology pedagogical topic knowledge" among preservice instructors studying to teach English as a foreign language (EFL). The questionnaire, called "Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge" )TPACK(, the study aims to provide an assessment tool for preservice foreign language instructors towards the hybrid learning model. The tool used a questionnaire survey. "The sample of the study consist of (30) instructors" (10 male and 20 female) from Baghdad and Tikrit Universities. The results indicate that instructors have superior content, pedagogical, and pedagogical content knowledge, but inferior technical and technological content knowledge. This might be attributed to the lack of digital classroom technology and information assistance in their educational institutions. In general, EFL instructors have favorable opinions on hybrid learning.
Mental Health Among Hypertensive People and its Associated Factors: Findings From RISKESDAS 2018 Data
Authors:   National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia, Agustiya Rozana Ika , Isfandari Siti ,   National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia, Suryaputri Indri Yunita ,   National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia, Mubasyiroh Rofingatul ,   National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia, Indrawati Lely ,   National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia, Pradono Julianty ,   University Malahayati, Indonesia
Published: May 2024

This study aims to investigate the complex relationship between general mental health issues, specifically depression, and hypertension, and to identify associated factors among individuals affected by these conditions in Indonesia. Using data from the Indonesia National Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) in 2018, the study included a large sample of 88,590 individuals aged 30−59 with hypertension from various provinces and districts across Indonesia. The findings show that 11.5% of hypertensive individuals in the 30−59 age range in Indonesia experience general mental health problems, including common mental disorders, while 7.0% exhibit symptoms of depression. Importantly, individuals with multiple coexisting health conditions are more susceptible to mental health issues. Furthermore, factors such as female gender, lower educational attainment, unmarried status, unemployment, physician-diagnosed hypertension, and the presence of other concurrent health conditions are identified as contributors to an increased likelihood of experiencing general mental health problems and depression. Finally, this study emphasizes the importance of addressing mental health concerns among individuals dealing with hypertension and other non-communicable diseases in Indonesia, with a particular focus on those with lower educational levels, unmarried status, and unemployment.
Impact of COVID-19 on the Utilization of Maternal and Child Health Services at a Regional Referral Hospital in Kenya
Authors: Wechuli Veronicah A. , Karara Monicah W. , Wafula Allan T. , Mayoka Godfrey W.
Published: May 2024

Background and Objective

Pandemics, like COVID-19, disrupt healthcare, potentially reversing progress in various disease areas. The impact on maternal and child health (MCH) services in Kenya during the pandemic is yet to be determined. Recognizing this impact is crucial for formulating policies and programs that minimize disruptions in reproductive health services during future health crises. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of COVID-19 on the uptake of MCH services at Thika Level V Hospital, a regional referral hospital in Kenya.

Methods

In this cross-sectional mixed methods study, we reviewed antenatal clinic (ANC), MCH, and family planning (FP) registers for data on the uptake of the various services during the COVID-19 pandemic (July to October 2020) compared to a year before the COVID-19 pandemic (July to October 2019). MCH clients (N = 60) and healthcare workers (N = 19) were interviewed about the impact of the pandemic on MCH services at the hospital. Differences in clinic attendance before and during the pandemic were compared using the student t-test. Thematic analysis was conducted on the interview responses.

Results

The number of MCH/FP clients dropped from 12,915 pre-pandemic to 7,429 during the pandemic. Significant differences were noted in ANC revisits (p = 0.026) and those completing the World Health Organization recommended minimum of four ANC visits (p<0.001) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The number of revisits at the child welfare clinic was also significantly lower (p = 0.004) during the COVID-19 lockdown period. MCH clients stated that the decline in the uptake of MCH services was attributable to the fear of contracting disease, financial difficulties, and strain on the healthcare workforce.

Conclusion and Global Health Implications

This study found a decline in access to MCH/FP services during the COVID-19 crisis with the potential to reverse gains made in securing the safety of the pregnant mother and unborn baby.
A Prospective Study of Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Acute Kidney Injury in Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Bansal Shyam Bihari , Babras Mayur , Rana Abhyudaysingh , Mahapatra Amit , Yadav Dinesh Kumar , Sethi Sidharth Kumar
Published: May 2024

Background

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common after coronavirus 2 infection (COVID-19), leading to higher morbidity and mortality. There is little prospective data from India regarding the incidence, risk factors, and outcome of AKI in COVID-19.

Materials and Methods

This study was conducted prospectively in adult patients between September and December 2020 in a tertiary care hospital in the national capital region of Delhi. A total of 856 patients with COVID-19 infection were enrolled in the study. Survivors were followed for 3 months after discharge.

Results

Out of 856 patients, 207 (24%) developed AKI. AKI was significantly higher in those with severe disease as compared to mild-moderate disease (88% vs. 12%, P = 0.04). Out of all AKI, 3.4% had stage 1, 9.2% had stage 2, and the rest 87.4% had stage 3 AKI. 183/207 (88%) patients were on mechanical ventilators, 133 (64%) required inotropic support, and 137/207 (83.6%) patients required kidney replacement therapy. Out of 207 AKI patients, 74% (153) died as compared to 4% (27) in non-AKI group (P = 0.0001). After 3 months, chronic kidney disease (CKD) developed in 10/54 (18.5%) patients. On multivariable analysis, the presence of diabetes mellitus, severe COVID-19 disease, high levels of C reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, D-Dimer, and use of intravenous steroids, tocilizumab and remdesivir, were found to be significant predictors of AKI.

Conclusion

AKI is common after COVID-19 infection and it is a significant risk factor for mortality in COVID-19. Patients with diabetes and high levels of inflammatory markers have higher mortality. CKD may develop in many patients after discharge.
NOMINAL AND VERBAL SENTENCE OF SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE ERRORS IN STUDENTS’ DESCRIPTIVE WRITING ABILITY
Authors: Kartika Viar Dwi
Published: May 2024

This study investigated Nominal and Verbal Sentence of Simple Present Tense Errors in Students’ Descriptive Writing Ability in Universitas Catur Insan Cendekia, Cirebon. This study used  Descriptive Qualitative as Method. The writer chose the texts to analyze the data, interpret data, and conclude the result of study from Students’ Descriptive Writing. The findings showed that the total errors in Nominal Sentence is 94, and Misformation is the most used error consisting of 52 errors or 55,31%. Moreover, the total errors in Verbal Sentence is 162, and Misformation is the most frequency consisting of 90 errors or 55,55%. Those errors are affected by lacking knowledge of grammar, especially to form nominal and verbal sentences.
INVESTIGATING EFL LEARNERS’ LEARNING STRATEGIES IN SPEAKING SKILL
Authors: Muslimin Nur Ilmi , Suriaman Aminah , Marhum Mochtar , Kamaruddin Abdul , Rita Ferry
Published: May 2024

This research aims to find out the learning strategies used by EFL learners in developing their speaking skills. It employed a qualitative method with triangulation instruments including questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The participants were the EFL learners in the third semester of the English Education Study Program of Tadulako University (n=10), chosen by using the snowball sampling technique. The researcher distributed Language Learning Strategy Questionnaire (LLSQ) to learners to investigate their language learning strategies in speaking skills based on Oxford theory, which consists of six parts of the strategies namely memory strategy, cognitive strategy, compensation strategy, metacognitive strategy, effective strategy, and social strategy. The results of the questionnaire showed that metacognitive has become the most frequently used learning strategy by successful learners with a mean score of 4.22 indicating as strategies are always or almost always used because this strategy help learners regulate their learning, such as paying attention, planning to learn as much as they can and doing self-evaluation to be better in speaking English. This study also found that learners who are successful in speaking skills used a combination of all kinds of learning strategies to improve their speaking skills. Learners have positive improvement in speaking components such as the better pronunciation of English words, use of good grammar, have more vocabulary, fluency in speaking, and can overcome the problems that may occur when they speak English.
INDIRECT SPEAKING IN ENGLISH AND JAVA (A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS)
Authors: Ardiani Novi , Prasetyo Yudy
Published: May 2024

This study discusses about Indirect speech in English and Javanese Language. The question in this research is what are the kind of indirect speech in English and Javanese, and also what are the similarities and differences in indirect sentences in the two languages. This study aims to find, explain categories and analyze indirect speech in English and Javanese in a contrasting. During the data collection of this research, the author asked 2 informants who could speak Javanese well and correctly. The gender of the informants who were asked were men and women aged around 20-40 years who had lived in East Java for 20-40 years. In the English data, the author takes several examples of Indirect Speech sentences from a book written. Then the writer collects all the data and identifies several sentences that have referred to an indirect speech in English and Javanese. Then the author describes the variations of Indirect Speech translated into English and Javanese and compared to find a similarity and some differences in Indirect Speech using the concept of Quick. The results in this study indicate that English has indirect speech likewise as Javanese language and has some similarities and a differences. In terms of similarities, English and Javanese have similarities in their types and shaped like an apostrophe, an interrogative sentence, a statement, command, exclamation and the sentence changes according to time and place. In contrast, English can turn into a verb to be and an auxiliary verb, while Javanese does not. Keywords: Indirect Speech, English and Javanese language, a Contrastive Analysis.
STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION IN LEARNING ENGLISH BY GIVING WARM UP ACTIVITIES IN BEGINNING OF CLASS
Authors: Syahrul Syahrul
Published: May 2024

The objective of this research was to find out Students’ motivation in learning English by giving warm-up activities at the beginning of class, (An Experimental Study at the Second Grade of SMPN 2 Mangarabombang, Kabupaten Takalar). This research applied a pre-experimental design with Pre-Questionnaire, Treatment and Post-Questionnaire. The population of this research was the second-grade students of SMPN 2 Mangarabombang, Kabupaten Takalar which consisted of VIII A, VIII B, and VIII. To find out the students’ involvement motivation, the researchers used a questionnaire. The questionnaire aimed to find the effects of warm-up activities on students’ motivation in learning English. The questionnaire used an attitude scale, they were: Strongly Agree (SA), Agree (A), Undecided (UN), Disagree (D), or Strongly Disagree (SD). The students answered the question based on their perspective and their opinion. Warm-up activities affected the students’ perspective on learning English after being treated. The mean was improved by 8.24%, ranging from54.3 to 60.9. It indicates that students have a positive perspective on learning English after giving warm-up activities at the beginning of class. Warm-up activities affected the students’ extrinsic motivation in learning English after being treated. The mean is improved (5.78%) ranging from 55 to 59.56, which indicates that students’ extrinsic motivation is increased after giving warm-up activities at the beginning of class. It also shows that warm-up activities can create a good atmosphere and positive perspective for students and encourage students to be involved in classroom activities. Concern about that facts and based on the data analysis above and students’ journal analysis, the researcher would like to conclude that warm-up activities can affect students’ perspective and student's extrinsic motivation in learning English. So, we can make warm-up activities one of the options to face the class.
RHETORICAL FACTORS IN SPEECH COMPOSITION ON NOVICE GRAND FINAL NATIONAL UNIVERSITY DEBATE CHAMPIONSHIP (NUDC) 2020 – 2021
Authors: Alfiani Sherly , Ananda Ririn Putri , Maryansyah Yupika , Safitri Washlurachim
Published: May 2024

Rhetorical factors in speech composition is an essential element, it is make speech organized and effective. However the most difficult part of speech in debate match is the speeches delivered by each other debater can be accepted logically and clearly both from the july and audience. The objectives of this research to find out the rhetorical factors in speech composition in building speech of debaters on novice grand final NUDC and for the subject of this research are deabters from novice grand final NUDC 2020 – 2021. Rhetorical factors in speech composition consists of 4 components, such as : coherence, unity, emphasis, ethical and inclusive of language. The result show that the debaters on novice grand final NUDC 2020 – 2021 used all component of rhetorical factors in speech, they delivered at the debate match. This implies that the rhetorical factor in speech composition is very important in speech to build strong and believable arguments, especially in developing the style of language in speech itself, it is suggested that in order to be able to make a good rhetorical in speech, so speech can be more organized and effective.
READABILITY LEVEL OF READING TEXTS IN THE ENGLISH TEXTBOOK “ENGLISH IN MIND” FOR TENTH GRADE STUDENTS AT SMKN 3 KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Setiyaningsih Dwi Yuni , Maryansyah Yupika , Susyla Dian , Ananda Ririn Putri
Published: May 2024

The objective of the research is to find out the readability level of the texts in English textbook based on Fog Index (FI). This research was categorized as descriptive quantitative research. The object of this research was reading materials English textbook entitled English in Mind Second Edition by Cambridge University Press for tenth grade of Vocational Senior High School. FOG index was used to determine the readability level of the texts based on the average number of sentences and hard words (polysillabic). The finding of this research revealed that the readability of the texts in English in Mind second edition textbook by Cambridge University was easy based on FOG Index (FI) analysis result. Based on FOG Index (FI) analysis result, the percentage of level of readability of English in Mind textbook showed that there were 26 (68%) of texts were easy and 12 (32%) of texts were moderate. Overall, the readability of the texts in English in Mind second edition textbook by Cambridge University was dominantly easy for grade tenth of SMKN 3 Kota Bengkulu. It was suggested for the teachers or the readers to understand readability level of reading materials and know whether the reading materials given to their students are appropriate for them or not.