bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROBLEMATIKA YURIDIS PUTUSAN PENGADILAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI YANG MENERAPKAN SANKSI PIDANA DI BAWAH PIDANA MINIMAL KHUSUS
Authors: Palyama Erwin Harlond , Asikin Zainal , Sahnan Sahnan
Published: July 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis bagaimana problematika yuridis terhadapputusan pengadilan tindak pidana korupsi yang menerapkan sanksi pidana di  bawah pidana minimal Khusus dan mengapa hakim menjatuhkan sanksi pidana dibawah pidana minimal khusus dalam perkara tindak pidana korupsi, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, untuk mengkaji penerapan kaidah-kaidah atau norma-norma dalam hokum positif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), pendekatan kasus (case approach), pendekatan historis (historical approach), pendekatan komparatif (comparative approach), dan pendekatan konseptual (conseptual approach).  Larangan untuk menolak suatu perkara dengan dalih aturan tidak ada atau kurang jelas, menjadi dasar pemikiran bagi hakim untuk melakukan penafsiran terhadap undang-undang dalam memberikan sanksi bagi terdakwa.
ANALISIS POLA JARINGAN KOMUNIKASI ORANG TUA TUNGGAL (SINGLE PARENTS ) TERHADAP PERILAKU ANAK (STUDI KASUS DI DESA GERUNG UTARA KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT)
Authors: Paramita Eka Putri
Published: July 2019

Komunikasi dalam lingkup keluarga menjadi penting untuk diperhatikan karena merupakan awal membentuk sebuah perilaku. komunikasi yang baik antara orang tua-anak berkolerasi dengan rendahnya keterlibatan anak dalam perilaku menyimpang. Lombok Barat merupakan salah satu daerah yang menjadi basis Ibu Tunggal, pada Tahun 2016 terdapat 85,07 Ibu Tunggal yang bersatus cerai mati dan 81,23 Ibu Tunggal yang bersatus cerai hidup di Kabupaten Lombok Barat Dengan memperhatikan fenomena yang terjadi di daerah lombok barat, sehingga dirasa sangat penting untuk diteliti mengenai bagaimana cara ibu tunggal mengasuh anak untuk membentuk perilaku anak nya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menggambarkan pola jaringan komunikasi antara ibu tunggal terhadap perilaku anak (2) menjelaskan pola komunikasi ibu tunggal terhadap perilaku anak. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Dan dianalisis dengan pola analisis jaringan komunikasi atau sosiogram. Sehingga diperoleh hasil bahwa terdapat pola pengasuhan Ibu Tunggal dengan Anak Remajanya, terdapat 3 jenis pola pengasuhuhan yaitu authoritarian, permissive dan authoritative
PENERAPAN MODEL KIE DENGAN LEMBAR BALIK DAN STIKER KARTU PANTAU MANDIRI TERHADAP KEPATUHAN KONSUMSI TABLET TAMBAH DARAH (TTD) PADA IBU HAMIL ANEMIA DI PUSKESMAS WILAYAH KOTA MATARAM TAHUN 2016
Authors: Rumintang Baiq Iin , Sundayani Lina , Halimatusyaadiah Siti
Published: July 2019

Tablet Tambah darah (TTD) yang mengandung 60 mg Ferrous Sulfat dan 400 µg Asam Folat diminum ibu hamil 90 tablet merupakan program pemerintah untuk pencegahan anemia. Cakupan pemberian TTD di NTB cukup tinggi 92,4% namun kepatuhan masih rendah 33%. Komunikasi Informasi Edukasi (KIE) yang berjalan masih kurang optimal untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak pemberian KIE Lembar Balik dan Stiker Kartu Pantau Mandiri pada Ibu Hamil Anemia terhadap Kepatuhan konsumsi TTD di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kota Mataram. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi experimental studies dengan rancangan pre dan post-test desaigh. Subjek penelitian 42 orang ibu hamil Trimester II dan III yang mengalami anemia ringan sedang di Puskesmas Ampenan dan Puskesmas Karang Taliwang. Sebelum intervensi, seluruh sampel (n=42) dites kecacingan dan diperiksa kadar Hb awal dengan metode Sysmex di Puskesmas. Seluruh subjek sudah menandatangani informed consents. Sampel dibagi menjadi dua kelompok dengan jumlah sama banyak. Pada kelompok intervensi diberikan TTD dengan dosis 2 tablet per hari selama 14 hari serta diberi KIE Lembar Balik dan diberi Stiker Kartu Pantau Mandiri TTD untuk diberi tanda (√) setiap minum TTD/hari. Setelah 14 hari intervesi, pengumpulan data dilakukan kembali, Hb dicek ulang dan subjek penelitian diminta membawa  kemasan TTD untuk pengecekan kepatuhan konsumsi TTD. Hasil penelitian, terdapat perbedaan kepatuhan konsumsi TTD pada ibu hamil kelompok perlakuan lebih tinggi 95,2% dibandingkan kelompok kontrol 57,1%. Kepatuhan dan kadar Hb ibu hamil lebih tinggi pada kelompok yang mendapat model KIE dengan lembar balik dan stiker kartu pantau mandiri dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Maka Model aplikasi praktis berupa KIE Lembar Balik dan Stiker Kartu Pantau Mandiri TTD dapat dipergunakan pada semua pasien Anemia sehingga penanganan ibu hamil anemia lebih efisien dan efektif.
PEMBERIAN FORMULA PAKAN HERBAL TERHADAP PROFIL LIPID PADA AYAM PEDAGING
Authors: Basri Hasan , Swandayani Rosalina Edy
Published: July 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of herbal feeds with different formulas to increase the HSL levels and optimize cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL levels. This study is an experimental study with Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Test animal used in this study were 20 broilers and divided into 4 experimental groups, i.e. P0: control given commercial feed, P1: treatment group given a feed formula, P2: the treatment group given the feed formula, P3: the treatment group given the feed formula. Each group consists of 5 replications. The test animal for each treatment was placed randomly. Data obtained was cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL levels. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed by Duncan test with 95% of significance level if there were significant differences. The data were analyzed with SPSS 25 software for Windows. The results showed that the level of cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL were not significantly different (P> 0.05). The conclusion of this study is that the provision of herbal feed formulas is not significant in reducing cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, levels and increasing HDL levels, but is able to maintain normal physiological conditions.
PROFIL TENAGA KERJA PEREMPUAN BERDASARKAN UMUR, TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN, SEKTOR FORMAL, INFORMAL DI PROVINSI NTB TAHUN 2016 – 2018 BESERTA ANALISIS EKONOMINYA
Authors: Yuniati Musniasih
Published: July 2019

Salah  satu  masalah  pembangunan  ekonomi  daerah  adalah  masalah  ketenagakerjaan  Data sakernas agustus 2018 provinsi NTB  menunjukkan jumlah tenaga kerja perempuan lebih banyak dari tenaga kerja laki laki hal ini menyebabkan meningkatnya jumlah tenaga kerja perempuan berusia muda selanjutnya  rendahnya  tingkat  pendidikan  dan  rendahnya  keterampilan  menyebabkan  tenaga  kerja  perempuan  memilih  sector  informal  dalam  bekerja. Tujuan  penelitian  ini  untuk  mengetahui  profil  tenaga  kerja  perempuan  berdasarkan  umur,  tingkat  pendidikan,  sector  formal  informal  di  Provinsi  NTB  Tahun  2016 – 2018. Metode  penelitian  yang  digunakan  adalah  metode  deskriptif  kualitatif.  Analisis  dilakukan  secara  kualitatif  berdasarkan  data  kuantitatif. Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan  tenaga  kerja   perempuan berumur 20 sampai 29 tahun bekerja pada sektor formal sedangkan tenaga kerja perempuan berumur 40 sampai 60 tahun bekerja pada sektor informal. Berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan tenaga kerja perempuan berpendidikan  tidak  tamat sampai tamat SD  bekerja  pada  sector  informal sedangkan tenaga kerja perempuan berpendidikan diploma dan universitas bekerja pada sektor formal
EKSPRESI MICROPHTALMIA ASSOCIATED-TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR (MITF) DAN PROTEIN S100 PADA VITILIGO
Authors: Rimadhani Marina , Listiawan M Yulianto , - Sawitri , Sandhika Willy
Published: July 2019

Vitiligo adalah kelainan depigmentasi yang didapat dan umum ditemui, ditandai dengan bercak putih susu pada kulit, rambut dan mukosa akibat kerusakan melanosit secara selektif. Jumlah melanosit yang berkurang pada vitiligo digambarkan secara jelas oleh pemeriksaan imunohistokimia protein S100. Mekanisme yang terlibat dalam disfungsi melanosit pada epidermis vitiligo hanya sedikit yang diketahui. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan peran microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) pada vitiligo dan dapat mengakibatkan disfungsi dan atau kehilangan melanosit. MITF memiliki fungsi diferensiasi melanoblas menjadi melanosit. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi ekspresi MITF dan jumlah melanosit pada vitiligo dibandingkan non-vitiligo. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang observasional analitik pada pasien vitiligo sebagai subjek di unit rawat jalan kulit dan kelamin RSUD Dr. Soetomo. Subjek penelitian dikumpulkan secara consecutive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 18 pasien vitiligo dan 10 pasien non vitiligo, data dianalisis secara statistik. Penurunan ekspresi MITF dan jumlah melanosit yang diperiksa dengan antibodi S100 pada pasien vitiligo dibandingkan kulit non-vitiligo berbeda bermakna (p< 0,001) secara statistik maupun klinis. MITF berperan dalam patogenesis vitiligo. Imunohistokimia MITF dan pemeriksaan S100 dapat bermanfaat sebagai indikator keberhasilan terapi.Kata Kunci : MITF, S100, Vitiligo
PENGARUH FASE MENSTRUASI TERHADAP DERAJAT AKNE VULGARIS MAHASISWI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS RIAU
Authors: - Alida widiawaty , Darmani Endang H , - Amelinda -
Published: July 2019

Akne vulgaris merupakan penyakit inflamasi kronik unit pilosebasea yang ditandai adanya komedo, papul, pustul, nodul dengan tempat predileksi di wajah, lengan bagian atas, dada, dan punggung, yang sering terjadi pada remaja serta dewasa muda. Akne vulgaris pada wanita dapat dipengaruhi oleh hormon yaitu pada saat premenstruasi terjadi penurunan hormon estrogen dan peningkatan hormon progesteron yang dapat memperberat akne vulgaris.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan fase menstruasi dengan derajat akne vulgaris. Dilakukan penelitian analitik observasional pada 89 mahasiswa yang menderita akne vulgaris. Penilaian derajat akne vulgaris menggunakan kriteria Lehmann saat premenstruasi dan pascamenstruasi. Subjek penelitian terdiri atas remaja usia 17 sampai 21 tahun. Uji Marginal Homogeneity menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna antara fase menstruasi dengan derajat akne vulgaris dengan nilai p=0,001.Kata Kunci: Akne vulgaris, fase menstruasi, derajat akne vulgaris.
KERION CELSI YANG DISEBABKAN OLEH TRICOPHYTON VERRUCOSUM PADA PASIEN IMUNOKOMPROMAIS
Authors: Laksditalia N Alfonsus Rendy , Basuki Santosa
Published: July 2019

Kerion celsi merupakan manifestasi inflamasi pada infeksi dermatofita zoofilik diskalp. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah Trichophyton verrucosum. Imunitas seluler pada pasien imunokompromais terganggu sehingga rentan terinfeksi dermatofita.Pria, 73 tahun mengeluh benjolan bernanah di kepala yang nyeri dan gatal sejak 3 bulan sebelum konsultasi. Pada pemeriksaan dermatologis parietal skalp didapatkan alopesia berbatas tegas dengan boggy eritematosa 5 cm dan pustul folikular. Pemeriksaan dengan lampu Wood tidak menunjukkan fluoresensi. Pemeriksaan mikroskopik dengan KOH 20% didapatkan hifa dan artrokonidia ektotriks. Numerical rating score (NRS) nyeri 8, dan gatal 4. Identifikasi kultur kerokan kulit kepala dan rambut menunjukkan Trichophyton verrucosum. Pasien didiagnosis kerion celsi ,diterapi dengan griseofulvin microsized 20 mg/kg berat badan/hari selama 8 minggu, dan prednison 0,5 mg/kg berat badan/hari selama 10 hari yang kemudian diturunkan perlahan. Ditambahkan krim terbinafine HCL 1 % didahului kompres basah dua kali sehari. Setelah 8 minggu, perbaikan NRS mencapai nol, tanpa efek samping.Kerion celsi seringkali terjadi pada anak, jarang pada dewasa. Pada kasus ini terjadi pada pasien neoplasma berusia lanjut dalam kemoterapi. Usia lanjut, kanker paru, kemoterapi geftinib, diabetes mellitus dan kontak langsung dengan hewan peliharaan merupakan faktor risiko kondisi imunokompromais dan inokulasi patogen sehingga mempermudah dermatofita menginvasi rambut.Kata kunci: kerion celsi, Tricophyton verrucosum, imunokompromais, griseofulvin
PENGGUNAAN METOTREKSAT PADA DERMATOSIS ANAK
Authors: Murniastuti Dinda Saraswati , Danarti Retno
Published: July 2019

Metotreksat (MTX) merupakan antagonis asam folat yang umum digunakan sebagai terapi pada berbagai kelainan kulit, namun data mengenai penggunaan MTX pada anak masih sangat terbatas. Berdasarkan studi literatur yang telah kami lakukan, MTX menimbulkan respons klinis yang bagus dan efek samping minimal pada beberapa dermatosis anak, yaitu psoriasis, dermatitis atopik, vaskulitis, skleroderma lokalisata, dermatomiositis juvenilis, pitiriasis likenoides, sarkoidosis, penyakit bulosa autoimun, alopesia areata, dan lupus eritematosus. Secara umum toleransi anak terhadap MTX baik, dan jarang terjadi efek samping serius. Intoleransi gastrointestinal dapat terjadi, dan berespons baik terhadap pengurangan dosis obat. Berbagai pertimbangan harus dilakukan sebelum memulai terapi dengan MTX, antara lain pemeriksaan darah lengkap, fungsi hati, dan fungsi ginjal. Pemantauan terapi berupa biopsi hepar dan pemeriksaan serum type III pro-collagen aminopeptide belum rutin dilakukan. Pada telaah pustaka ini akan diulas tentang farmakologi dan farmakokinetik, mekanisme aksi, efek samping, interaksi, dan pemantauan obat MTX pada dermatosis anak. Diharapkan telaah pustaka ini akan membantu klinisi untuk mempertimbangkan pemilihan MTX dalam menatalaksana kasus-kasus dermatologi anak.Kata kunci: metotreksat, antagonis asam folat, dermatosis anak
Peranan Orang Tua Dalam Mendewasakan Iman Keluarga Kristen
Authors: Sihombing Riana Udurman , Sarungallo Rahel Rati
Published: July 2019

God wants to involve Himself in every family, because family is a small institution but important. Family is a symbol of the relationship between Christ and the church. Family is the God's place to express His love through relationships in love each other, mutual respect and care among all family members. God in His wisdom has given humans the best model and way of maturing in faith, through the role of parents as God's representatives to guide children. Likewise in modern times almost all parents (husband and wife) work outside automatically when gathering with children only at night. Sometimes children are asleep or studying, and parents feel tired and need rest. Such conditions and situations cause no opportunity for parents to communicate, guide and pay attention to the development of children.
A Study on Development of the Camera-Based Blind Spot Detection System Using the Deep Learning Methodology
Authors: Kwon Donghwoon , Malaiya Ritesh , Yoon Geumchae , Ryu Jeong-Tak , Pi Su-Young
Published: July 2019

One of the recent news headlines is that a pedestrian was killed by an autonomous vehicle because safety features in this vehicle did not detect an object on a road correctly. Due to this accident, some global automobile companies announced plans to postpone development of an autonomous vehicle. Furthermore, there is no doubt about the importance of safety features for autonomous vehicles. For this reason, our research goal is the development of a very safe and lightweight camera-based blind spot detection system, which can be applied to future autonomous vehicles. The blind spot detection system was implemented in open source software. Approximately 2000 vehicle images and 9000 non-vehicle images were adopted for training the Fully Connected Network (FCN) model. Other data processing concepts such as the Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG), heat map, and thresholding were also employed. We achieved 99.43% training accuracy and 98.99% testing accuracy of the FCN model, respectively. Source codes with respect to all the methodologies were then deployed to an off-the-shelf embedded board for actual testing on a road. Actual testing was conducted with consideration of various factors, and we confirmed 93.75% average detection accuracy with three false positives.
Morphology and Molecular Features of Rare Colorectal Carcinoma Histotypes
Authors: Remo Andrea , Fassan Matteo , Vanoli Alessandro , Bonetti Luca Reggiani , Barresi Valeria , Tatangelo Fabiana , Gafà Roberta , Giordano Guido , Pancione Massimo , Grillo Federica , Mastracci Luca
Published: July 2019

Several histopathological variants of colorectal carcinoma can be distinguished, some associated with specific molecular profiles. However, in routine practice, ninety/ninety-five percent of all large bowel tumors are diagnosed as conventional adenocarcinoma, even though they are a heterogeneous group including rare histotypes, which are often under-recognized. Indeed, colorectal cancer exhibits differences in incidence, location of tumor, pathogenesis, molecular pathways and outcome depending on histotype. The aim is therefore to review the morphological and molecular features of these rare variants of intestinal carcinomas which may hold the key to differences in prognosis and treatment.
Emerging Roles of RAD52 in Genome Maintenance
Authors: Jalan Manisha , Olsen Kyrie S. , Powell Simon N.
Published: July 2019

The maintenance of genome integrity is critical for cell survival. Homologous recombination (HR) is considered the major error-free repair pathway in combatting endogenously generated double-stranded lesions in DNA. Nevertheless, a number of alternative repair pathways have been described as protectors of genome stability, especially in HR-deficient cells. One of the factors that appears to have a role in many of these pathways is human RAD52, a DNA repair protein that was previously considered to be dispensable due to a lack of an observable phenotype in knock-out mice. In later studies, RAD52 deficiency has been shown to be synthetically lethal with defects in BRCA genes, making RAD52 an attractive therapeutic target, particularly in the context of BRCA-deficient tumors.
A Note on the Entropy Force in Kinetic Theory and Black Holes
Authors: Treumann Rudolf A. , Baumjohann Wolfgang
Published: July 2019

The entropy force is the collective effect of inhomogeneity in disorder in a statistical many particle system. We demonstrate its presumable effect on one particular astrophysical object, the black hole. We then derive the kinetic equations of a large system of particles including the entropy force. It adds a collective therefore integral term to the Klimontovich equation for the evolution of the one-particle distribution function. Its integral character transforms the basic one particle kinetic equation into an integro-differential equation already on the elementary level, showing that not only the microscopic forces but the hole system reacts to its evolution of its probability distribution in a holistic way. It also causes a collisionless dissipative term which however is small in the inverse particle number and thus negligible. However it contributes an entropic collisional dissipation term. The latter is defined via the particle correlations but lacks any singularities and thus is large scale. It allows also for the derivation of a kinetic equation for the entropy density in phase space. This turns out to be of same structure as the equation for the phase space density. The entropy density determines itself holistically via the integral entropy force thus providing a self-controlled evolution of entropy in phase space.
On the Rarefied Gas Experiments
Authors: Kovács Róbert
Published: July 2019

There are limits of validity of classical constitutive laws such as Fourier and Navier-Stokes equations. Phenomena beyond those limits have been experimentally found many decades ago. However, it is still not clear what theory would be appropriate to model different non-classical phenomena under different conditions considering either the low-temperature or composite material structure. In this paper, a modeling problem of rarefied gases is addressed. The discussion covers the mass density dependence of material parameters, the scaling properties of different theories and aspects of how to model an experiment. In the following, two frameworks and their properties are presented. One of them is the kinetic theory based Rational Extended Thermodynamics; the other one is the non-equilibrium thermodynamics with internal variables and current multipliers. In order to compare these theories, an experiment on sound speed in rarefied gases at high frequencies, performed by Rhodes, is analyzed in detail. It is shown that the density dependence of material parameters could have a severe impact on modeling capabilities and influences the scaling properties.
An Energy-Efficient Cross-Layer Routing Protocol for Cognitive Radio Networks Using Apprenticeship Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Du Yihang , Xu Ying , Xue Lei , Wang Lijia , Zhang Fan
Published: July 2019

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has been successfully used for the joint routing and resource management in large-scale cognitive radio networks. However, it needs lots of interactions with the environment through trial and error, which results in large energy consumption and transmission delay. In this paper, an apprenticeship learning scheme is proposed for the energy-efficient cross-layer routing design. Firstly, to guarantee energy efficiency and compress huge action space, a novel concept called dynamic adjustment rating is introduced, which regulates transmit power efficiently with multi-level transition mechanism. On top of this, the Prioritized Memories Deep Q-learning from Demonstrations (PM-DQfD) is presented to speed up the convergence and reduce the memory occupation. Then the PM-DQfD is applied to the cross-layer routing design for power efficiency improvement and routing latency reduction. Simulation results confirm that the proposed method achieves higher energy efficiency, shorter routing latency and larger packet delivery ratio compared to traditional algorithms such as Cognitive Radio Q-routing (CRQ-routing), Prioritized Memories Deep Q-Network (PM-DQN), and Conjecture Based Multi-agent Q-learning Scheme (CBMQ).
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines
Authors: Eriksson Sandra
Published: July 2019

Interest in permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) is continuously increasing worldwide, especially with the increased use of renewable energy and electrification of transports. This special issue contains the successful invited submissions of fifteen papers to a Special Issue of Energies on the subject area of “Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines”. The focus is on permanent magnet synchronous machines and the electrical systems they are connected to. The presented work represents a wide range of areas. Studies of control systems, both for permanent magnet synchronous machines and for brushless DC motors, are presented and experimentally verified. Design studies of generators for wind power, wave power and hydro power are presented. Finite element method simulations and analytical design methods are used. The presented studies represent several of the different research fields on permanent magnet machines and electric drives.
Optimization of Two-Stage Combined Thermoelectric Devices by a Three-Dimensional Multi-Physics Model and Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Meng Jing-Hui , Wu Hao-Chi , Wang Tian-Hu
Published: July 2019

Due to their advantages of self-powered capability and compact size, combined thermoelectric devices, in which a thermoelectric cooler module is driven by a thermoelectric generator module, have become promising candidates for cooling applications in extreme conditions or environments where the room is confined and the power supply is sacrificed. When the device is designed as two-stage configuration for larger temperature difference, the design degree is larger than that of a single-stage counterpart. The element number allocation to each stage in the system has a significant influence on the device performance. However, this issue has not been well-solved in previous studies. This work proposes a three-dimensional multi-physics model coupled with multi-objective genetic algorithm to optimize the optimal element number allocation with the coefficient of performance and cooling capacity simultaneously as multi-objective functions. This method increases the accuracy of performance prediction compared with the previously reported examples studied by the thermal resistance model. The results show that the performance of the optimized device is remarkably enhanced, where the cooling capacity is increased by 23.3% and the coefficient of performance increased by 122.0% compared with the 1# Initial Solution. The mechanism behind this enhanced performance is analyzed. The results in this paper should be beneficial for engineers and scientists seeking to design a combined thermoelectric device with optimal performance under the constraint of total element number.
Investigations of AC Microgrid Energy Management Systems Using Distributed Energy Resources and Plug-in Electric Vehicles
Authors: Subramaniam Umashankar , Ganesan Swaminathan , Bhaskar Mahajan Sagar , Padmanaban Sanjeevikumar , Blaabjerg Frede , Almakhles Dhafer J.
Published: July 2019

The world has witnessed a rapid transformation in the field of electrical generation, transmission and distribution. We have been constantly developing and upgrading our technology to make the system more economically efficient. Currently, the industry faces an acute shortage of energy resources due to overconsumption by industries worldwide. This has compelled experts to look for alternatives to fossil fuels and other conventional sources of energy to produce energy in a more sustainable manner. The microgrid concept has gained popularity over the years and has become a common sight all over the world because of the ability of a microgrid to provide power to a localized section without being dependent on conventional resources. This paper focuses on development of such an AC hybrid microgrid, which receives power from distributed energy resources (DERs) such as a PV array alongside a battery storage system, and also uses an emergency diesel generator system and an online uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system to provide power to predefined loads under different conditions. This paper also addresses on the power flow to the loads under two main modes of operation—on grid and off grid—and investigates the microgrid in different states and sub-states. The final objective is to design an efficient microgrid model such that it can sustain the multiple loads simultaneously under all operating conditions.
Continuous Battery Health Diagnosis by On-Line Internal Resistance Measuring
Authors: de la Peña Llerandi Jaime , Sancho de Mingo Carlos , Carpio Ibáñez José
Published: July 2019

Energy storage in an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is one of the most frequent applications of batteries. This can be found in hospitals, communication centers, public centers, ships, trains, etc. Most frequent industrial methods for battery state-of health estimation require a technician to move to the battery’s location and, in some cases, require the use of heavy equipment and disconnection of the battery from the UPS. For example, in railway applications, trains must stop at the maintenance depot producing significant total costs. This article proposes a new method to assess a battery’s health by measuring the battery’s internal resistance, based on the measurement of its voltage ripple in response to the current ripple imposed by the charger which in most UPS applications is permanently connected to the battery. Unlike most traditional methods, this system makes it possible a continuous on-line and on-board monitoring, and, therefore, it eases condition-based maintenance (CBM). To verify its viability, a low cost measuring prototype has been built and measurements in a railway battery with its charger have been carried out.
Analysis of Subjective Qualitative Judgement of Passenger Vehicle High Speed Drivability due to Aerodynamics
Authors: Kumar Arun , Sebben Simone , Sällström Erik , J.H. Jacobson Bengt , Broniewicz Alexander
Published: July 2019

The flow created by the shape of a vehicle and by environmental conditions, such as cross-winds, will influence the dynamics of a vehicle. The objective of this paper is to correlate the driver’s subjective judgement of drivability with quantities which are measurable during a vehicle test. For this purpose, a sedan vehicle, fitted with different aerodynamic external devices that create disturbances in the flow field, were assessed on a test track. These configurations intend to result in substandard straight line drivability. The aerodynamic devices investigated are an inverted wing, an inverted wing with an asymmetric flat plate and an asymmetric air curtain attached under the bumper. The devices generate more lift and asymmetric forces resulting in increased vehicle sensitivity to external disturbances. Pairs of configurations with and without bumper side-kicks are also tested. The side-kicks create a defined flow separation which helps to stabilize the flow and increase drivability. Plots of mean and standard deviation and ride diagram of lateral acceleration, yaw velocity, steering angle and steering torque are used to understand vehicle behaviour for the different configurations. Ride diagrams are used to visualize vehicle excitations with transient events separated from the stationary signal. The range of the measured quantities for understanding the drivability is not predicted in advance and it turns out that the error margins of the measurements are smaller than the measurement uncertainty of the Inertia Measurement Unit. Although the outcome lacks the ability to objectively quantify subjective judgements, it provides a useful qualitative assessment of the problem as the trends agree well with the subjective judgement of the driver.
Modelling Interaction Decisions in Smart Cities: Why Do We Interact with Smart Media Displays?
Authors: Han Hoon , Lee Sang Ho , Leem Yountaik
Published: July 2019

This study examined the personal characteristics and preferences of individuals that encourage interactions with smart media displays (media façades). Specifically, it aimed to determine which key aspects of a smart display “media façade” enhance intuitive interactions. A range of smart display technologies and their effects on interaction decisions were considered. Data were drawn from a survey of 200 randomly sampled residents and/or visitors to a smart building, One Central Park, in Sydney, Australia. A binomial logistic regression analysis was undertaken to establish links between a range of design, perceptions and socio-demographic variables and individuals’ decisions to interact with a smart media display. The results showed that the aesthetics of an installation, the quality of an installation’s content and the safety of the operation-friendly environment significantly affected respondents’ decisions to interact with the media display. Interestingly, respondents born overseas were more likely to interact with a smart display than those born in Australia. Respondents who expressed a preference for photograph-based interactions were also more likely to interact with the display. Somewhat surprisingly, age, residency and levels of familiarity with digital technology did not significantly affect respondents’ decisions to interact with the display.
Acoustic-Based Prediction of End-Product-Based Fibre Determinates within Standing Jack Pine Trees
Authors: Newton Peter F.
Published: July 2019

The objective of this study was to specify, parameterize, and evaluate an acoustic-based inferential framework for estimating commercially-relevant wood attributes within standing jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb) trees. The analytical framework consisted of a suite of models for predicting the dynamic modulus of elasticity (me), microfibril angle (ma), oven-dried wood density (wd), tracheid wall thickness (wt), radial and tangential tracheid diameters (dr and dt, respectively), fibre coarseness (co), and specific surface area (sa), from dilatational stress wave velocity (vd). Data acquisition consisted of (1) in-forest collection of acoustic velocity measurements on 61 sample trees situated within 10 variable-sized plots that were established in four mature jack pine stands situated in boreal Canada followed by the removal of breast-height cross-sectional disk samples, and (2) given (1), in-laboratory extraction of radial-based transverse xylem samples from the 61 disks and subsequent attribute determination via Silviscan-3. Statistically, attribute-specific acoustic prediction models were specified, parameterized, and, subsequently, evaluated on their goodness-of-fit, lack-of-fit, and predictive ability. The results indicated that significant (p ≤ 0.05) and unbiased relationships could be established for all attributes but dt. The models explained 71%, 66%, 61%, 42%, 30%, 19%, and 13% of the variation in me, wt, sa, co, wd, ma, and dr, respectively. Simulated model performance when deploying an acoustic-based wood density estimate indicated that the expected magnitude of the error arising from predicting dt, co, sa, wt, me, and ma prediction would be in the order of ±8%, ±12%, ±12%, ±13%, ±20%, and ±39% of their true values, respectively. Assessment of the utility of predicting the prerequisite wd estimate using micro-drill resistance measures revealed that the amplitude-based wd estimate was inconsequentially more precise than that obtained from vd (≈ <2%). A discourse regarding the potential utility and limitations of the acoustic-based computational suite for forecasting jack pine end-product potential was also articulated.
Land Use Changes, Disturbances, and Their Interactions on Future Forest Aboveground Biomass Dynamics in the Northern US
Authors: Ma Wu , Domke Grant M. , Woodall Christopher W. , D’Amato Anthony W.
Published: July 2019

Land use change (LUC), disturbances, and their interactions play an important role in regional forest carbon (C) dynamics. Here we quantified how these activities and events may influence future aboveground biomass (AGB) dynamics in forests using national forest inventory (NFI) and Landsat time series data in the Northern United States (US). Total forest AGB predictions were based on simulations of diameter growth, mortality, and recruitment using matrix growth models under varying levels of LUC and disturbance severity (low (L), medium (M), and high (H)) every five years from 2018 to 2098. Land use change included the integrated effects of deforestation and reforestation/afforestation (forest [F]→agriculture [A], settlements [S, urbanization/other], and A&S→F), specifically, conversion from F→A, F→S, F→A&S, A→F, S→F, and A&S→F. Disturbances included natural and anthropogenic disturbances such as wildfire, weather, insects and disease, and forest harvesting. Results revealed that, when simultaneously considering both medium LUC and disturbances, total forest AGB predictions of LUC + fire, LUC + weather, LUC + insect & disease, and LUC + harvest indicated substantial increases in regional C stocks (± standard deviation) from 1.88 (±0.13) to 3.29 (±0.28), 3.10 (±0.24), 2.91 (±0.19), and 2.68 (±0.17) Pg C, respectively, from 2018 to 2098. An uncertainty analysis with fuzzy sets suggested that medium LUC under disturbances would lead to greater forest AGB C uptake than undisturbed forest C uptake with high certainty, except for LUC + harvest. The matrix models in this study were parameterized using NFI and Landsat data from the past few decades. Thus, our results imply that if recent trends persist, LUC will remain an important driver of forest C uptake, while disturbances may result in C emissions rather than undisturbed forest C uptake by 2098. The combined effects of LUC and disturbances may serve as an important driver of C uptake and emissions in the Northern US well into the 21st century.
Performance Test of QU-Fitting
Authors: Miyashita Yoshimitsu
Published: July 2019

QU-fitting is a model-fit method to reproduce the model of the Faraday Dispersion Function (FDF or Faraday spectrum), which is a probability distribution function of polarized intensity in Faraday depth space. In order to find the best-fit parameters of the model FDF, we adopt the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm using Geweke’s convergence diagnostics. Akaike and Bayesian Information Criteria (AIC and BIC, respectively) are used to select the best model from several FDF fitting models. In this paper, we investigate the performance of the standard QU-fitting algorithm quantitatively by simulating spectro-polarimetric observations of two Faraday complex sources located along the same Line Of Sight (LOS), varying the gap between two sources in Faraday depth space and their widths, systematically. We fix the frequency bandwidth in 700–1800 MHz and make mock polarized spectra with a high Signal-to-Noise ratio (S/N). We prepare four FDF models for the fitting by changing the number of model parameters and test the correctness of MCMC and AIC/BIC. We find that the combination of MCMC and AIC/BIC works well for parameter estimation and model selection in the cases where the sources have widths smaller than 1/4 Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) and a gap larger than one FWHM in Faraday depth space. We note that when two sources have a gap of five FWHM in Faraday depth space, MCMC tends to be trapped in a local maximum likelihood compared to other situations.
Informative Models for Architectural Heritage
Authors: Attenni Martina
Published: July 2019

BIM (Building Information Modeling) processes are the most effective way to know existing architectural structures, integrating the most advanced potentials of 3D modeling and the structured storage of heterogeneous information. Many HBIM (Heritage Building Information Modeling) applications lead to the systematization of survey data, even though a univocal working method is not yet clearly defined. This research considers the decomposition of architecture, based on structured criteria, and its reconstruction, through ideal models, as the main moments of the HBIM process. This hypothesis is verified through a procedure that links the survey 3D data with the characteristics of the ideal HBIM model, which allows a continuous comparison between the project model and as-built. The research provides for the setting up of a general methodology that, according to a growing approach to the complexity of the analyzed buildings, compares the process followed on two architectural structures. The study analyzes some important HBIM issues: The relationship between the semantic modeling and the surfaces’ continuity of architectural heritage; the relationship between the elements standardization, geometric irregularities, and material heterogeneity; the reliability of the built models; and the evaluation of the gap between an ideal model and the objective accuracy of surveying.
Environmental and Occupational Exposure to Asbestos as a Result of Consumption and Use in Poland
Authors: Krówczyńska Małgorzata , Wilk Ewa
Published: July 2019

Asbestos is harmful to human health; exposure to asbestos causes a wide range of asbestos-related diseases. Aim: Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is unique to occupational and environmental asbestos exposure. Methods: Environmental asbestos exposure was examined in relation to asbestos use and manufacturing, the quantity of the asbestos-containing products still in use, the concentrations of asbestos fibres in the air and the number of MM cases diagnosed each year per county. Results: The correlation coefficient of the measurements of the asbestos fibre concentrations in the air and the quantity of asbestos-cement products in use is high and amounts to 0.68. Meanwhile, the correlation coefficient of the measurements of asbestos fibre concentrations in air and MM morbidity rate resulting from environmental exposure calculated for particular counties in provinces is low and amounts to 0.37. The highest MM morbidity rate was observed for Małopolskie and Śląskie, a typical industrial area of Poland. Conclusions: There are MM cases which are still attributable to occupational asbestos exposure, although MM cases resulting from environmental exposure to asbestos have an increased MM risk. Poland is among those countries with a low MM incidence rate, which seems to be an underestimation of environmental asbestos exposure. As long as asbestos-cement products are used in the environment, actions should be undertaken to protect public health.
A Comparative Study of the Relationship among Antecedents and Job Satisfaction in Taiwan and Mainland China: Employability as Mediator
Authors: Peng Michael Yao-Ping , Chen Chun-Chun , Yen Hsin-Yi
Published: July 2019

Previous studies of the relationship between job security and job satisfaction were mostly conducted on research samples in Asia from the perspective of oriental culture; however, under the same cultural background, different social systems might lead to different cognition outcomes. Therefore, this study examines the job security and organizational support of Taiwan and mainland China employees from the perspectives of competence enhancement motivation, and investigates the relationship between employability and job satisfaction. Adopting judgmental sampling, a total of 1307 valid questionnaires were collected from Taiwan and mainland China employees. The path relationship of the two groups was examined through structural equation modeling (SEM) by using analysis of moment structure (AMOS). Results show that job security and organizational support are positive for employability and job satisfaction. Employability has a positive influence on job satisfaction. Additionally, employability has a mediating effect of job security and organizational support on job satisfaction.
Common Mental Health Disorders among Informal Waste Pickers in Johannesburg, South Africa 2018—A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Makhubele Matimba , Ravhuhali Khuliso , Kuonza Lazarus , Mathee Angela , Kgalamono Spo , Made Felix , Tlotleng Nohlanhla , Kootbodien Tahira , Ntlebi Vusi , Wilson Kerry , Naicker Nisha
Published: July 2019

Waste-picking is an income-generating opportunity for individuals living in poverty. Waste picking is associated with a range of risk factors for common mental disorders (CMD). This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with CMD among waste pickers in Johannesburg. A cross-sectional study analyzed secondary data for 365 waste pickers. A validated Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used to assess CMD. Multivariable logistic regression was fitted to identify factors associated with CMD. The overall prevalence of CMD among waste pickers was 37.3%. The odds of having CMD were 2.5 and 3.2 higher in females and cigarette smokers, respectively (p = 0.019 and p = 0.003). Life enjoyment (Adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.54, p = 0.02) and a good quality of life (aOR 0.34, p ≤ 0.001) were associated with lower odds of CMD. The high prevalence of CMD among waste pickers was significantly associated with cigarette smoking, being female, not enjoying life, and a poor quality of life. Mental health awareness of CMD will assist with the prevention, early detection, and comprehensive management of CMD among waste pickers.
Willingness to Use and Adhere to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in China
Authors: Peng Liping , Cao Wangnan , Gu Jing , Hao Chun , Li Jibin , Wei Dannuo , Li Jinghua
Published: July 2019

This study aimed to investigate the levels of willingness to use pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and intention to adhere to PrEP and to further explore factors associated with PrEP uptake among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. A total of 524 MSM were recruited from Chengdu, China. Half of the participants had heard of PrEP, and the awareness rate varied from 33.8%, 30.7%, and 7.1% for daily oral PrEP, on-demand PrEP, and long-acting injectable PrEP (LAI-PrEP), respectively. The overall willingness to use any type of PrEP in the next six months was 84.9% if PrEP is effective and provided for free. Participants were less likely to say that they would use PrEP if they used a condom consistently with their regular partners. However, participants were more likely to say that they would use PrEP if they had casual partners in the past month and had higher HIV prevention literacy. The majority of participants intended to adhere to PrEP prescription. More than forty percent (43.1%) of the participants reported that they might reduce condom use if they took PrEP. We found that the overall willingness to use PrEP was high among MSM living in China, but willingness varied across the different types of PrEP.
Adverse Childhood Experiences of Urban and Rural Preschool Children in Poverty
Authors: Whiteside-Mansell Leanne , McKelvey Lorraine , Saccente Jennifer , Selig James P.
Published: July 2019

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have long-term health consequences. Young children in the southern part of the United States (US) are at greater risk than children in other parts of the US. This study assessed preschool children ACEs using a family-friendly tool, the Family Map (FMI), and compared children living in rural/urban areas while examining the potential moderation of race. The FMI–ACE score was examined as a total and two sub-scores. We found that race did not moderate the FMI–ACE score but that Black children (Cohen’s d = 0.52) and children in urban and large rural areas were at highest risk (Cohen’s d = 0.38). However, the subscale FMI–ACEs parenting risk was moderated by race such as that Black children were less at risk in rural areas than urban (Cohen’s d = 0.62). For FMI–ACEs environmental risk, race moderated risk such that Black children were most at risk in large rural areas but less so in small rural areas (Cohen’s d = 0.21). Hispanic children were most at risk in small rural areas and least in large rural environments. Findings from this study suggest that targeting the most at-risk children for interventions should consider the context including race and location.
Scoping Review of Climate Change and Health Research in the Philippines: A Complementary Tool in Research Agenda-Setting
Authors: Chua Paul Lester , Dorotan Miguel Manuel , Sigua Jemar Anne , Estanislao Rafael Deo , Hashizume Masahiro , Salazar Miguel Antonio
Published: July 2019

The impacts of climate change on human health have been observed and projected in the Philippines as vector-borne and heat-related diseases have and continue to increase. As a response, the Philippine government has given priority to climate change and health as one of the main research funding topics. To guide in identifying more specific research topics, a scoping review was done to complement the agenda-setting process by mapping out the extent of climate change and health research done in the country. Research articles and grey literature published from 1980 to 2017 were searched from online databases and search engines, and a total of 34 quantitative studies were selected. Fifty-three percent of the health topics studied were about mosquito-borne diseases, particularly dengue fever. Seventy-nine percent of the studies reported evidence of positive associations between climate factors and health outcomes. Recommended broad research themes for funding were health vulnerability, health adaptation, and co-benefits. Other notable recommendations were the development of open data and reproducible modeling schemes. In conclusion, the scoping review was useful in providing a background for research agenda-setting; however, additional analyses or consultations should be complementary for added depth.