bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the possibility of producing semi-hard cheeses from frozen goat’s milk
Authors: Mordvinova V. A. , Sviridenko G. M. , Ostroukhova I. L. , Ostroukhov D. V.
Published: April 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the quality indicators of semi-hard cheeses produced from defrosted goat’s milk. Natural and defrosted goat’s milk, semi-hard cheeses with a low temperature of the second heating were used as objects of research. Studies of defrosted goat’s milk were carried out after 6±1 days of its storage at a temperature of minus 18°C and subsequent defrosting at a temperature of 37±2°C for 60 minutes; natural goat’s milk — after storage for 24±12 hours at a temperature of 4±2°C. It was found that milk freezing and its subsequent defrosting did not affect the chemical composition of milk and the total content of microorganisms, but the number of somatic cells decreased. Cheeses were produced according to the traditional technological scheme of semi-hard cheese using a bulk mesophilic-thermophilic bacterial starter culture. There was no significant effect of the freezing process of goat’s milk on its technological properties: the duration of curd formation in both variants was (30±1) min, the duration of processing of cheese grain was (90±2) min. The level of syneresis was (55±2)% in the control, (55±6)% — in the test versions and was in the range of error of the method. The degree of transition of dry matter to whey was: in the control — (7.26±0.21)%, in the test — (7.21±0.32)%. It was found that there were no differences in the degree of proteolysis in cheeses during ripening. The values of the acidity the content of available fat in the cheeses of both variants was comparable. The organoleptic characteristics of cheeses at the standard age of 60 days had similar characteristics, both in terms of the degree of intensity of the cheese taste, and in the taste notes of “zest” and “spice”, typical of goat’s milk cheeses. The cheese texture of both variants was characterized as “homogeneous, moderately dense”. It has been established that the process of freezing goat’s milk does not reduce its cheese properties and the qualitative characteristics of the semi-hard cheese produced from it.
Biologically active substances of elder: Properties, methods of extraction and preservation
Authors: Burak L. Ch. , Sapach A. N.
Published: April 2023

Anthocyanins and polyphenols are the main biologically active substances in elderberry. Extraction methods exert a significant effect on the extraction effectiveness, bioavailability and preservation of biologically active compounds. The aim of this work was a review of the published results of scientific studies of elderberry and products of its processing, their effect on the body, as well as examination of methods for extraction and encapsulation of biologically active substances of elderberry. The review includes papers in English and Russian. A search for foreign literature in English on this theme was carried out in the bibliographic databases Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, Elsevier, ResearchGate. To select scientific papers in Russian, a search was done in the scientific electronic library eLIBRARY.RU by keywords. The review of the scientific publications shows that the results of numerous studies confirm the high antioxidant activity of elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.), as well as wild elderberry (Sambucus ebulus), growing on the territory of the Belarus Republic and in other countries of Europe, Asia, North Africa and North America. This plant is applied in the traditional medicine and is used in the food industry as raw materials for creation of prophylactic and functional products due to the presence in the chemical composition of elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) of bioactive flavonoids such as quercetin, kempherol and rutin, and other phenolic compounds. Bioactive compounds of elderberry possess several unique biological and pharmacological properties including the antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-depressive, anti-diabetic, antiviral and antibacterial activities. To extract bioactive substances from elderberry, traditional extraction methods are used, such as maceration and Soxhlet extraction, as well as modern promising “green” technologies (for example, supercritical fluids, pulsed electric field, emulsion liquid extraction, microwave-assisted and ultrasound-assisted extraction). To preserve and protect biologically active substances in elderberry, encapsulation methods that are most effective are employed. The materials of this paper can be used in future studies on optimization of extraction processes to increase the nutritional value and antioxidant activity of new functional foods, food additives and products of pharmaceutical industry.
Evaluation of the consequences of the toxic effects of food sweeteners with bioassay
Authors: Samoilov A. V. , Suraeva N. M. , Zaytseva M. V.
Published: April 2023

Aspartame and acesulfame potassium are among the best known food sweeteners. Despite numerous studies showing the safety of these supplements, in recent years the attention of researchers has been focused on the negative side effects of their exposure, which can lead to the development of non-communicable diseases. The aim of this investigation was to study the nature of the impact (reversible or irreversible) of aspartame and acesulfame potassium on weight gain, as well as cytological, cytogenetic and metabolic parameters of onion roots. Roots were pre-treated with 0.5 and 1 g/l aqueous solutions of sweeteners, and then they were transferred to water for the purpose of further regenerative germination. The consequences of the toxic effect of aspartame on the weight gain of onion roots were minimal compared to the control. This indicator significantly and dose-dependently decreased to 38% in the samples with acesulfame potassium, which shows the presence of a delayed effect after exposure to this sweetener. In the experimental groups with the maximum content of sweeteners, a lower mitotic index (p≤0.05) in the meristem cells was also maintained compared to the control. The results obtained indicated an irreversible mitotoxic effect of these compounds. However, an increase in the frequency of mitosis pathologies found in the experimental samples due to pre-treatment with sweeteners was completely leveled after regenerative germination. Therefore, these genotoxic disorders were reversible. To assess the processes of lipid oxidation of root tissues, the concentration of malondialdehyde was measured. The effect of reducing the level of this indicator in all experimental samples compared with the control turned out to be irreversible, although not dose-dependent. The results obtained can be used in the development of formulations for adding food sweeteners to food products to reduce the risk of delayed toxic effects.
Entanglement evolution after a global quench across a conformal defect
Authors: Capizzi Luca , Eisler Viktor
Published: April 2023

We study the evolution of entanglement after a global quench in a one-dimensional quantum system with a localized impurity. For systems described by a conformal field theory, the entanglement entropy between the two regions separated by the defect grows linearly in time. Introducing the notion of boundary twist fields, we show how the slope of this growth can be related to the effective central charge that emerges in the study of ground-state entropy in the presence of the defect. On the other hand, we also consider a particular lattice realization of the quench in a free-fermion chain with a conformal defect. Starting from a gapped initial state, we obtain the slope via a quasiparticle ansatz and observe small discrepancies between the field theory and lattice results, which persist even in the limit of a vanishing gap.
Diagnosis of rotating machinery based on improved convolutional neural networks with gray-level transformation
Authors: Nan Guofang , Wang Jianwei , Ding Di
Published: April 2023

A fault diagnosis method for the rotating machinery based on improved Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with Gray-Level Transformation (GLT) is proposed to increase the accuracy of the recognition adopting the multiple sensors. The Symmetrized Dot Pattern (SDP) in this method is applied to fuse the data of the multiple sensors, and the multi-color value method is adopted to increase the feature dimension. The grayscale and GLT are used to reduce the dimension of the SDP image. The SDP grayscale image is finally input to the CNN network for training recognition. The research results show that the diagnosis accuracy of the rolling bearing system based on the novel method is up to 98.6 %. Compared with the method without the multi-color value and GLT, the recognition accuracy of the proposed method is improved by 22.3 %, and the training time is reduced by about one third. The research work reveals that the developed method has the potential application value under the multi-sensor working conditions for the fault diagnosis.
Rehabilitating Indonesia Consumer Dispute Settlement in Effective Ways
Authors:   Prasetiya Mulya University BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Indonesia, Bodhihanna Aldhanti
Published: April 2023

According to the National Legislation Programme 2015-2019, the Consumer Protection Act is ranked 92 out of 189 draft bills to be reviewed and approved during the presidential election in mid-2019. A year later, there has not been any updated version of the amendment. The enforcement of consumer protection is facing certain problems and challenges, especially in handling any consumer disputes. Hence, it is necessary for the Government to prioritize the act to adjust the obstacles. The author uses normative juridical research methods in compiling this research. This article will compare Indonesian’s enforcement system to Australia. In the end, it is hoped that this paper shall serve as a guide for the Indonesian government in determining aspects that need to be addressed in the Consumer Protection Law and its enforcement. BPKN should be allowed to have the same level of authority as ACCC or ASIC. First, Enhance BPKN’s advisory function through improved monitoring of complaints data and follow-up recommendations. Second, increase budgetary to assert its role and mandate. Lastly, add mandate for settlement of high-impact consumer disputes.
Business and Human Rights Case Study of PT Graha Benua Etam
Authors:   International Business Law, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya BSD City Kavling EdutownI.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Pratama Tjipto Felix , Shaliha Putri Tavanya ,   International Business Law, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya BSD City Kavling EdutownI.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Elsa Rizkiana Rina ,   Department of Law, Social Science, and Political Science, Universitas Terbuka Jl. Pd. Cabe Raya, Pd. Cabe Udik, Kec. Ciputat, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15418, Indonesia
Published: April 2023

Triple bottom line of the business and human rights implementation, which links corporate social responsibility (CSR), the economy, social welfare, and culture (EKOSOB), the national business and human rights task force (GTN BHAM), which produces PRISMA (Penilaian Resiko Hak Asasi Manusia), and National Action Plan for Human Rights (RANHAM), are factors that businesses need to take into consideration. Case evidences involving PT. Graha Benua Etam's Coal Mining and 17 Mining Enterprises, shows that these factors are still not being considered in actuality. This study is a normative judicial analysis using a statute approaches. The purpose of this study is to explain how human rights philosophy, principles, and laws are violated. This study also compares Indonesia's implementation to those of ASEAN and the EU. The relationship between the case and international standards like OECD Guidelines, UN Guiding Principle (UNGP), and ISO 26000 will be explored. The findings of this study demonstrate the need for improved regulation to ensure the application and advancement of business human rights practice sector. This study suggests in order to enhance implementation and avoid recurrence of such incidents, clear regulation, principles, theories, and guidelines should be put in place.
Runoff prediction using hydro-meteorological variables and a new hybrid ANFIS-GPR model
Authors: Liu Zhennan , Zhou Jingnan , Zeng Xianzhong , Wang Xiaoyu , Jiao Weiguo , Xu Min , Wu Anjie
Published: April 2023

Precise and credible runoff forecasting is extraordinarily vital for various activities of water resources deployment and implementation. The neoteric contribution of the current article is to develop a hybrid model (ANFIS-GPR) based on adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and Gaussian process regression (GPR) for monthly runoff forecasting in the Beiru river of China, and the optimal input schemes of the models are discussed in detail. Firstly, variables related to runoff are selected from the precipitation, soil moisture content, and evaporation as the first set of input schemes according to correlation analysis (CA). Secondly, principal component analysis (PCA) is used to eliminate the redundant information between the original input variables for forming the second set of input schemes. Finally, the runoff is predicted based on different input schemes and different models, and the prediction performance is compared comprehensively. The results show that the input schemes jointly established by CA and PCA (CA-PCA) can greatly improve the prediction accuracy. ANFIS-GPR displays the best forecasting performance among all the peer models. In the single models, the performance of GPR is better than that of ANFIS.
A multivariate approach to the water quality environment of a tropical lake surrounded by agricultural land
Authors: Edwin Tivany , Komala Puti Sri , Mera Mas , Helard Denny , Bachtiar Vera Surtia
Published: April 2023

Lake Diatas is a tropical lake surrounded by agricultural land prone to pollution. A multivariate approach to lake water quality will be useful for lake management. The study's objectives are to describe fertiliser use by farmers around the lake, the lake's quality and trophic state spatially, and to use a multivariate approach to lake water quality. The results of a survey showed that most farmers use synthetic fertilisers because of low fertility soil, with self-estimated doses applied. The levels of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and Secchi depth (SD) marginally exceeded the regulatory standard. However, the trophic status of the lake indicates an intermediate level of nutrients. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed the presence of two main factors with a variance of 85.46% – which showed the important drivers for lake water quality is mainly affected by agricultural activities around the lake. Cluster analysis showed three groups with the same water quality characteristics: the first group consists of locations with higher sulphate levels, the second with low SD, and the third with higher levels of TN and TP. Clearly, agricultural activities affect lake water quality and management regarding land use around the lake is important to prevent pollution.
Avanços, Contradições e Desafios da Política de Cotas na Educação Básica: o caso do ensino médio profissionalizante do IFF campus Campos Centro (2016-2018)
Authors: Fernandes Ribeiro Marcos Abraão , Machado da Costa Luciana , Rangel Risso Sérgio
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo analisa a aplicação da política de cotas no Ensino Médio Integrado no campus Campos Centro do Instituto Federal Fluminense. A partir da análise dos dados, traçou-se um perfil dos alunos ingressantes em 2016 a partir de suas notas de ingresso e de seus desempenhos acadêmicos no período de 2016 a 2018. Os resultados apontaram que a implantação da política de cotas representou um avanço para a instituição, pois sem elas a maior parte dos estudantes cotistas não teria conseguido ingressar. Contudo, esses estudantes possuem uma taxa maior de evasão e de reprovação quando comparados aos alunos que ingressaram pela ampla concorrência. Essas contradições apontam a necessidade de se promover avanços nessa política pública e de se ampliar as pesquisas com foco na permanência e na política de cotas no Ensino Médio profissionalizante.
“Coronacrise”
Authors: Oliveira Esmael Alves de , Paranhos Martins Catia , Aurélio da Silva Marcos
Published: April 2023

Ao sermos interpelados/as pelo atual cenário político-pandêmico e diante de um quadro tão incerto quanto o que vivemos, somos desafiados/as a refletir não apenas sobre os “limites”, mas também sobre as “possibilidades” inauguradas em tempos de crise. Assim, num movimento  de disputa crítica e analítica frente aos inúmeros eventos do presente, buscamos, a partir de uma perspectiva transdisciplinar e emdiálogo com autores e autoras que versam sobre as (bio)políticas contemporâneas, tecer breves considerações sobre os efeitos necropolíticos da crise da Covid-19 no Brasil. A partir de um levantamento bibliográfico e da análise de algumas notícias, concluímos que, se a pandemia é um problema de todos/as, a lógica necropolítica em curso no Brasil faz com que ela incida, principalmente, sobre sujeitos e coletivos atravessados por marcadores sociais de diferença, colocando-se como desafio para as ciências humanas e sociais que têm acionado toda uma expertise na área da saúde para refletir e contribuir diante desse contexto.
A constituição dos sujeitos políticos por meio da experiência de tratamento de adictos em recuperação em comunidades terapêuticas
Authors: Farfan Barroso Priscila
Published: April 2023

O artigo apresenta a construção dos sujeitos políticos relacionados aos “adictos em recuperação” que passaram por tratamento em comunidades terapêuticas e têm se mobilizado politicamente para incluir essemodelo nas políticas públicas. A partir da pesquisa de doutorado, foi realizada a etnografia, entre 2017 e 2019, junto às federações estaduais de CTs, atores governamentais e conselheiros de políticas sobre drogas no contexto do Rio Grande do Sul. Desde o acolhimento nas instituições, os “adictos em recuperação” assumem diferentes papéis sociais, percorrendo uma “carreira moral” ascendente, afastando-se daidentidade do usuário de drogas e constituindo uma nova identidade, vinculada à vida em “sobriedade”. Entre eles forma-se uma “comunidade política” que pode ser acionada para defender a causa das CTsfrente ao Estado.
"Um Bicho de Sete Cabeças"
Authors: Duque Tiago
Published: April 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar, qualitativamente, as diferentes experiências de homens jovens que fazem sexo com homens em relação ao hiv-aids na cidade de Campo Grande (MS). Para isso, realizou-sedez entrevistas com moradores da cidade que se autodeclararam jovens entre 19 e 25 anos. Os convites para participar da pesquisa foram feitos a partir de espaços online e offline de sociabilidade. A perspectiva teórica para as análises dos dados levantados é a da Sociologia das Diferenças. Os resultados permitem problematizações identitárias a partir da construção do corpo, das vulnerabilidades, da avaliação que eles fazem em relação ao hiv-aids e as atuais estratégias de prevenção por meio da medicalização. Além disso, reflete-se sobre o persistente estigma em relação à homossexualidade e ao hiv-aids.
Uso de substâncias psicoativas e controle social do uso do álcool:
Authors: Capistrano da Costa Janaina Alexandra
Published: April 2023

Neste artigo apresento elementos empíricos que caracterizam a atuação ritual dos Mestres Beberrões, espíritos antepassados que incorporam em médiuns praticantes do Culto da Jurema para promover curas,e realizo uma breve discussão sobre como a regulação do consumo do álcool se dá nesse contexto. Especialmente por meio de valores transmitidos através dessas atuações e dos preceitos do desenvolvimento mediúnico preconizado no âmbito da minha pesquisa; a Casa de Jurema Mestre Carlos, situada na zona rural da cidade de Extremoz no Rio Grande do Norte (RN). Esta pesquisa contribui para aprofundar o conhecimento tanto sobre a categoria dos Mestres da Jurema, ainda incipiente na academia, quanto sobre os mecanismos sociais de controle do consumo de substâncias psicoativas desenvolvidos em meio religioso.
Ciências Sociais e Saúde
Authors: Da Silva Anaxsuell Fernando , Grochowalski Brum Pereira Asher
Published: April 2023

Texto de apresentação do dossiê.
Institucionalismos ou Neo-Institucionalismos?
Authors: Cupertino Alcântara Fernanda Henrique
Published: April 2023

This article discusses the contributions of neoinstitutionalism to the SocialSciences and the study of social behavior. The research was carried out fromthe bibliographic review on the theme, and it concludes that the theoreticalframework of neoinstitutional theory gives a new guise to the classic foundersof Social Sciences, being also identified as institutionalist theory. In addition,such a theoretical perspective offers instruments capable of contributing tothe effectiveness of public policies, from diagnosis to execution, consideringtransition institutions as effective mechanisms for the institutionalization ofnew practices and capable of promoting effective institutional changes.
Mercados Ilegais e Dinâmicas Criminais:
Authors: Cordeiro de Matos Júnior Clodomir , De Santiago Neto João Pedro , De Freitas Pires Artur
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo explorar as transformações do mercado de drogas ilegais associadas à atuação capilar de coletivos criminais nos bairros das periferias de Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. Através de pesquisas realizadas em seis bairros da capital cearense nos últimos 17 anos e do cruzamento com dados bibliográficos, analisamos suas transformações nas duas últimas décadas. Partimos das experiências de sujeitos ligados aos mercados de drogas ilegais e, assim, propomos uma compreensão de como elas se conectam a mudanças de diferentes escalas. Em uma metrópole internacionalmente conectada, a diversificação da oferta de drogas ilegais nas periferias e seus respectivos lucros materiais e simbólicos estimularam algumas das condições de possibilidades para a conformação de novas maneiras de se fazer o crime em Fortaleza.
O Domínio das Facções nas Periferias de Fortaleza-CE
Authors: Paiva Luiz Fabio Silva
Published: April 2023

O trabalho analisa o fenômeno da dominação exercida por gruposarmados reconhecidos, socialmente, como facções em territórios daperiferia de Fortaleza e sua região metropolitana. Trata-se de umaanálise fundamentada em dados qualitativos, com um tratamentoteórico-metodológico inspirado em uma perspectiva sociológica compreensiva.Observa-se como o fenômeno das facções percorreu as periferias,criando um processo de dominação com efeitos sociais diversosno cotidiano de seus moradores. Os resultados revelam uma situaçãode fronteirização política e moral, com repercussões na mobilidade,relações sociais e atividades econômicas desenvolvidas nos territóriosem que atuam as facções.
Corporate Social Responsibility of Business in Russia: from Charity to Natural Technologies
Authors: Ananishnev V. V. , Voronin A. A. , Pronin M. A. , Brizhanina T. V.
Published: April 2023

Research of the New York University and the American company Nielson showed that 81% of people all over the world are sure that business shall take care of the environment. The demand for ecological or green goods is higher as well as for the whole product group. Sense, cultural codes, values, world outlook and ethics are becoming crucial factors of production and consumption in the 21sr century. The role of adequate level of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is rising drastically for the public company. The authors showed that in view of all mentioned above we should speak about quality transformation of policy dealing with CSR, about transition from traditional task to support company reputation at the expense of conventional charity to organization of sustainable social and economic conditions for the development of business in the region, country and in multinational surrounding.
Leader Role in Shaping Organization Values in Crisis
Authors: Styurina D. E.
Published: April 2023

Today’s economic situation causes uncertainty in the majority of companies. In spite of numerous difficulties companies shall be flexible, responsive to customer requests that grow in number from day to day. As a result such companies win competition. Leaders, who can introduce innovation strategies, also possess considerable advantage. Strategy implies not only planning of steps aimed at taking a market share or developing a new product. It is not enough just to calculate the project economics. Such components as introduction of necessary corporate culture, social responsibility of the company, building a strong team are very important. A key advantage in this situation is correctly introduced system of organizational values. Today’s generation plays serious attention to social and psychological climate and corporate values that underlie the business. In future companies that built a strong social mission will possess one of the leading HR brands. The article studies the essence and provides classification of obligatory types of values, investigates the process of managing the system of organization values and shows interaction of the value system of individual, organization and society.
Analyzing Conceptual Foundations of International and Russian Standards of Finance Accounting in Public Sector
Authors: Trofimova L. B.
Published: April 2023

The article studies elements and items of finance accounting adopted by concepts of finance accounting in public sector for ISFA and Russian conceptual foundations of public sector organizations. In researching ISFA concepts of public sector and Russian state sector the author pointed out to certain differences of the conceptual level. If we compare lists of elements and items of finance accounting it is obvious that Russian concepts of state sector include components providing complete accounting of net finance standing of business entity due to inclusion of sources of entity financing. At the same time in the process of research the author found discrepancies and shortcomings dealing with the structure and composition of Russian concepts of state sector. The practical value of the research is connected with working-out of grounded proposals aiming at further development of federal standards of accounting in state sector of the Russian Federation.
Bonds with Variable Coupon as Alternative Source of State Financing for Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Zaitsev V. A.
Published: April 2023

The article studies the problem of searching for financing by companies of oil and gas industry. On the one hand, projects in the industry can be highly beneficial in case of positive macro-economic situation, on the other hand, such projects require serious financing on the investment stage. The goal of the research is to develop an alternative mechanism of financing oil and gas industry by bonds with variable coupon rate, which is based on the interest rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, current prices on crude oil of the Urals brand, base price on crude oil fixed in accordance with the Budget Code of the Russian Federation and actual level of oil production. As a result of the research a mechanism of the floating bond coupon was developed, which is not limited in size in case of high oil prices. This mechanism is based on the current interest rate. Unrecoverable budget losses in the budget system are absent in case of granting standard investment privileges for oil and gas projects. Moreover, if situation in oil prices is positive, state can get higher coupon profit on such bonds. The given type of bonds is an alternative source of financing oil and gas projects on the part of state.
ALK and ERBB2 Protein Inhibition is Involved in the Prevention of Lung Cancer
Development by Vincamine
Authors: Verma Aarti , Yadav Poonam , Rajput Sonu , Verma Saloni , Arora Sahil , Kumar Raj , Bhatti Jasvinder Singh , Khurana Amit , Navik Umashanker
Published: April 2023

Background:

According to the WHO report of 2022, 2.21 million new cases and 1.80 million deaths were
reported for lung cancer in the year 2020. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore novel, safe, and effective therapeutic interventions for lung cancer.

Objective:

To find the potential targets of vincamine using a network pharmacology approach and docking studies and
to evaluate the anti-cancer effect of vincamine on A549 cell line.

Methods:

Hence, in the present study, we explored the anti-cancer potential of vincamine by using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro approaches. Network pharmacology demonstrated that the most common targets of vincamine are G-protein coupled receptors, cytosolic proteins, and enzymes. Among these targets, two targets,
ALK and ERBB2 protein, were common between vincamine and non-small cell lung cancer.

Results:

We discovered a link between these two targets and their companion proteins, as well as cancer-related pathways.
In addition, a docking investigation between the ligand for vincamine and two targeted genes revealed a strong affinity
toward these targeted proteins. Further, the in vitro study demonstrated that vincamine treatment for 72 h led to dosedependent (0-500 µM) cytotoxicity on the A549 lung cancer cell line with an IC50 value of 291.7 µΜ. The wound-healing
assay showed that vincamine treatment (150 and 300 µM) significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion. Interestingly,
acridine orange/ethidium bromide dual staining demonstrated that vincamine treatment induces apoptosis in A549 cells.
Additionally, the dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay showed an increased level of reactive oxygen
species (ROS) after the vincamine treatment, indicating ROS-mediated apoptosis in A549 cells.

Conclusion:

Altogether, based on our findings, we hypothesize that vincamine-induced apoptosis of lung cancer cells
via ALK and ERBB2 protein modulation may be an attractive futuristic strategy for managing lung cancer in combination with chemotherapeutic agents to obtain synergistic effects with reduced side effects.
Investigation of Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic and Analgesic
Activities of Citrullus colocynthis in Albino Rats through in vivo
and Pharmacoinformatics Studies
Authors: Hassan Mubashir , Zahra Nureen , Shafi Amtul , Shahzadi Saba , Moustafa Ahmed , Kloczkowski Andrzej
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

Hyperpyrexia, algesia and inflammation are pathological disorders
which are treated with synthetic as well as herbal medications.

Aims:

The basic aim of the present study is to evaluate the ethnopharmacological activities
of phytoconstituents that are present in C. colocynthis (fruit extract) by using in vivo and in
silico studies.

Methods:

Thirty-six albino rats were used in our studies with an average weight between
150-170 g. Anti-inflammatory activity was investigated using carrageenan (an extract from
a red seaweed) that induced edema in albino rat paws. However, in antipyretic and analgesic
activity studies, yeast and acetic acid were used to cause pyrexia or algesia, respectively. Different
doses of acetone fruit extract were used to treat inflammation, pyrexia and algesia.

Results:

Our results showed that the maximum percentage inhibition of acetonic fruit extract
in anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities was observed at 70% and 100%, respectively,
with 400 mg/kg doses, and in pyretic activity the maximum inhibitory percentage
was 86% with a 100 mg/kg dose. In in silico analysis, we have shown that bioactive compounds
(α-spinasterol, ascorbic acid and chlorogenic acid) found in fruit extract have outstanding
inhibition properties that involves proteins PTGS2, TLR2 and TRPV4. C. colocynthis
fruit extract shows results that are statistically significant (p < 0.005) and comparable
to a reference drug. Acetonic fruit extract of C. colocynthis can be used as a natural and
safe remedy with no side effects.

Conclusion:

Both in vivo and in silico studies on chlorogenic acid, ascorbic acid and α-spinasterol
have shown that these are inhibitory compounds that can be used for boosting the immune response.
Approaches for load path design for stretch forming based on part surface geometry
Authors: REITMAIER L-.M.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Stretch forming enables manufacturing large, slightly curved sheet metal parts. If the curvature is multi-directional and complex, parts often cannot be stretch-formed successfully, due to local or inhomogeneous straining that leads to early material failure, buckling or springback. To control strain distribution, the flexibility of load application needs to be improved. This can be achieved through loading at discrete points based on defined cross-sections of part geometries. However this can be applied only by multi grippers, requiring complex plant technology and control. New parameterized approaches for load path generation based on the part surface geometry for single rigid grippers have been developed to improve the flexibility of load paths. The approaches can be mainly distinguished between Surface Transformation method (ST), which transforms a surface into a curve as the base for tangential path creation and the Tool Path Fitting method (TPF). In TPF, paths are created for several cross-sections, similar to the application for multi grippers, and then compiled into one path. In this paper, the load path approaches have been applied and numerically investigated for parts with positively curved translation surfaces. Results of FE simulation of the stretch forming process show the applicability, potential and limitations of the load path design approaches.
Characterisation of the shape memory effect of PET polymer by FFF 3D printing
Authors: ERMOLAI V.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. In recent years the interest in finding new shape memory polymers has increased. Withal, fewer studies approached the use of regular materials such as polyethene terephthalate (PET), a widely available material. The research investigated the shape memory characteristics of regular PET 3D printed samples in two testing cycles. The recovery temperature was determined through dynamical mechanical, followed by tensile testing and heat treatment of the specimens. The results show PET has good shape memory properties, recording a slight increase in shape recovery during the second testing cycle without affecting the sample integrity. The thermal analysis of the recovered material shows that heat treatment time or/and temperature need to be improved to stabilise the PET material structure.
Flow forming and recrystallization behaviour of CuZn30 alloy
Authors: MUTLU M.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. CuZn30, which is also called cartridge brass, is an alloy used commonly in the production of large-calibre round cartridge cases. They are usually produced via cupping of a disc and consecutive deep drawing steps to decrease the wall thickness, with an annealing process in between each step to restore formability. In this study the manufacturing of cartridge brass (CuZn30) tubes is conducted through the flow forming process. In order to evaluate the flow forming behaviour, the preforms are manufactured by machining the CuZn30 billets, then the flow forming processes is applied. Thereafter, different temperature ranges (350, 450, and 550ºC for 1 h) are applied to flow formed samples in order to determine the proper recrystallization annealing temperature. The obtained microstructures and the mechanical properties are studied and revealed that the flow forming process is successfully realized, and the microstructure of the material is mapped with respect to the subsequent heat treatment temperature for recrystallization. Spherical and new grains are precisely generated after recrystallization annealing at 450 and 550ºC, but only partial recrystallization is obtained at 350ºC.
Simulation of incremental sheet metal forming for making U-channel in two light-weight alloys
Authors: BHUSHAN B.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Incremental sheet metal forming (ISMF) is a viable method for fabricating complicated three-dimensional structures from sheet metal. It is characterized by localized deformation and is effective for both rapid prototyping and low-volume manufacturing. ISMF technology is suitable for quick product development time with affordable tooling and for deforming difficult-to-form materials. Simulation of the process reduces costly hit-and-trial attempts for manufacturing an accurate product. This article presents the simulation for producing a U-channel made of aluminum (Al 6061-T6) and titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) alloys. A finite element method (FEM) package, ABAQUS®, has been used for simulation using shell elements. The effect of various parameters on the forming forces is discussed using two different tools, flat and hemispherical-end.
Comparative investigation of partial cooling methods for induction heating of hybrid bulk components for hot forming
Authors: INCE C.V.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. The novel Tailored Forming process chain enables the combination of crucial properties of different materials by manufacturing hybrid components. Thereby, the limitations of monolithic components are surpassed. However, manufacturing hybrid bulk components introduces new challenges for hot forming. For example, when combining steel and aluminium, the main challenge is establishing and maintaining a temperature gradient in the component to match the differing flow stresses of the materials for a successful forging. For establishing the gradient, a particular heating strategy, including inductive heating of the steel and parallel partial cooling of the aluminium, is necessary. After reaching the target temperature, the heated component has to be transferred to the forging die by a robot while maintaining the essential temperature gradient. Therefore, a portable spray nozzle cooling system attached to the robot's end effector was designed in former work. This paper aims to validate spray nozzles for establishing a temperature gradient in a hybrid workpiece with a particular heating strategy compared to a currently used immersion cooling. For the validation, the nozzles will cool a hybrid steel aluminium shaft, whereby the nozzles' operation parameters influence on the temperature gradient will be investigated. Finally, the performance of the nozzles will be compared against the currently used immersion cooling.
On the constraints and consistency in implicit constitutive modelling using ANNs and indirect training
Authors: LOURENÇO R.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. The training of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for implicit constitutive modelling mostly relies on labelled data pairs, however, some variables cannot be physically measured in real experiments. As such, the training should preferably be carried out indirectly, making use of experimentally measurable variables. The unconstrained training of an ANN’s parameters often leads to spurious responses that do not comply with the physics of the problem. Applying constraints during training ensures not only the physical meaning of the ANN predictions but also potentially increases the convergence to a global minimum, while improving the model’s performance. An ANN material model is trained using a novel indirect approach, where the local and global equilibrium conditions are ensured employing the Virtual Fields Method (VFM). An example of physical constraint is analyzed and applied during the training process.
Investigating the suitability of using a single heat transfer coefficient in metal casting simulation: An inverse approach
Authors: Vasileiou A.N.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. In metal casting simulation the Heat Transfer Coefficient (HTC) is unknown as it depends on melt and mold materials, on the casting modulus at different regions of the casting and on local conditions at the mold-casting gap. In this paper, thermocouple measurements at three regions of a brass investment casting provided reference cooling curves. A genetic algorithm (GA) determined the optimum 3-step time-dependent HTC for the whole of the casting in a simulation program for which cooling curves are as close as possible to the reference curves. The resulting prediction of solidification times is satisfactory but prediction of qualitative characteristics such as start / end of solidification in different regions was not accurate enough.
Evolution of contact lengths during the turning of treated Ti64 β
Authors: WAGNER V.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. One of the main ways to increase productivity during the machining of titanium alloy parts is to control the wear mechanisms and consequently the life of the cutting tools. The state-of-the-art shows wear phenomena generated mainly by diffusion. The latter is due to the intrinsic physical properties of titanium generating high temperatures on the cutting and relief faces. Concerning the secondary cutting zone, the wear phenomena result from thermomechanical actions induced by the contact between the secondary zone of the chip and the cutting face of the tool. The analysis of the contact lengths, divided into two parts (sliding contact and sticking contact), is then a strong indicator to be privileged in order to allow the understanding of the present mechanisms. This analysis is even more important when machining processed Ti64  in which chip formation is no longer periodic but a function of the angle between the primary shear band and the orientation of the individual colonies comprising the titanium. The purpose of this article is the analysis of the contact lengths during the machining of Ti64 treated  . After having presented the experimental device allowing visualising the evolution of the contact length between the chip and the cutting face, a statistical analysis based on the collected images makes it possible to put forward the differences of sliding behaviour on the cutting face. It appears that the distribution of the collected values allows explaining and extrapolating the wear appearing on the cutting face.
Process-informed material model selection
Authors: CONDE M.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. The efficient development of metal products with high quality usually requires realistic numerical simulations before the manufacturing procedure. The choice of the constitutive model has a considerable influence on the predicted material behavior’s description. Several material constitutive models have been proposed to describe different mechanical phenomena. However, its selection is a labored task that requires expertise. This lack of knowledge can lead to errors in the numerical predictions and, consequently, large costs and delays in the manufacturing procedure. To overcome this problem, an automatic material model selection tool is necessary. This work aims to compare the impact of different constitutive models and their features on the simulation of a forming process and develop a rational and systematic strategy for model selection. The approach focuses on the study of a hole expansion test using Abaqus and a statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA). It was possible to establish a ranking for the importance of the types of models that can help with model selection decision-making and efficient parameter calibration for accurate predictions.
Correlation between porosity level and elastic modulus in a foamed hiped Ti alloy
Authors: GUGLIELMI P.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Nowadays, in the manufacturing of highly customized prosthetic implants, the need of devices with mechanical properties close to the human bone’s ones plays a key role. In the present work, Ti6Al4V-ELI porous structures obtained by a solid-state foaming process were studied from a microstructural and mechanical point of view, being the aim to control the stiffness of the prostheses in order to be as much as possible close to the human bone’s one, thus reducing the stress shielding effect. Samples with different levels of porosity (average diameter variable between a few microns and about 50 microns) were investigated by means of contact ultrasonic tests in order to evaluate changes in terms of elastic properties. Metallographic observations combined with contact ultrasonic tests revealed that a good correlation exists between the foamed structure (quantity and average size of the pores) and the stiffness.
Micromechanical modeling of failure in dual phase steels
Authors: AYDINER I.U.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Having brittle martensitic islands diffused in a ductile ferrite matrix, dual-phase (DP) steels are known for their high formability and favorable material properties. Although they have already proven their advantages in the industry, there are still discussions regarding their microstructure-macroscopic response link. In order to effectively exploit their advantages and analyze their ductility in metal forming operations, the failure mechanisms of DP steels must be well examined following a micromechanics-based approach. There are a number of failure mechanisms to be addressed at the micro scale such as ferrite-martensite and ferrite-ferrite interface decohesion as well as martensite cracking depending on the different microstructural parameters and stress state. A crystal plasticity based finite element framework for RVE calculations is followed here based on the previous work which focuses solely on the plastic deformation (see [1]). Isotropic J2 plasticity model is employed for the hard martensite phase while the rate-dependent crystal plasticity framework is used for the ductile ferrite phase. Cohesive zone elements are inserted at the ferrite-martensite and ferrite-ferrite interfaces for intergranular cracking analysis, besides, intragranular cracking in martensite phase is addressed through an uncoupled damage model. First, a preliminary study was performed in order to identify and calibrate aforementioned failure models, then, various 3D polycrystalline RVEs having different microstructural parameters loaded with different stress triaxialities are analyzed and discussed adding up to the preliminary discussions presented in [2].
Fused filament fabrication: Numerical adhesion modeling suitable for semicrystalline polymers
Authors: BENARBIA A.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Numerous studies have been conducted to improve the adhesion quality at the interface between the filaments which remains one of the weak points in the FFF process. The interfacial adhesion of printed parts has already been investigated by several authors for amorphous polymers. However, for semicrystalline polymers, the influence of crystallization on adhesion kinetics as well as the description of partial melting at interfaces between filaments are not well taken into account in the models describing FFF process. The purpose of this work consists of proposing a predictive multiphysics model that enables the prediction of the adhesion degree for semi-crystalline polymers during FFF process. The coupling of a crystallization and melting model allows the estimation of the crystalline degree evolution at the interface. The use of a recent model predicting the molecular mobility as a function of temperature and crystallization makes it possible to estimate the degree of healing in anisothermal conditions. Finally, a parametric study is performed in order to propose process window improving the adhesion quality.