bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Architecture of intereruptive and syneruptive facies in an Andean Quaternary palaeovalley: the Huarenchenque Formation, western Argentina
Authors: Spalletti Luis , Colombo Ferrán
Published: October 2019

The Huarenchenque Formation is a volcano sedimentary unit deposited to the east of the Plio-Quaternary Andean Magmatic Arc. In order to define depositional settings, two lithofacies associations (fluvial and pyroclastic) were defined. The fluvial facies association is composed of polymictic conglomerates with the predominance of basalt- dominated clasts, coarse- medium-grained conglomeratic sandstones and medium- to coarse-grained sandstones. These deposits occur as stacked or single bodies, display both sheet and channelized geometries, and contain a range of internal sedimentary structures, such as planar, low angle stratification and cross-bedding. This facies association is interpreted as the deposit of a multichannel fluvial system characterized by high bed load, steep gradient and non-cohesive bank materials. Facies and architecture of the fluvial deposits are the result of high bank full discharge related to rapid deglaciation of the Andean Last Glacial Maximum. The pyroclastic facies association is characterized by lapilli and ash tuffs deposited from air fall, pyroclastic density current, and density stratified surge mechanisms. In the Huarenchenque Formation the fluvial and the pyroclastic facies associations show a clear physical separation, suggesting that sedimentation occurred in two distinct (intereruptive and syneruptive) phases. During the long-lived intereruptive phases the sedimentary record corresponds mainly to the deposits of the gravelly braided fluvial system, whereas during syneruptive phases the fluvial valley was almost entirely occupied by primary pyroclastic deposits related to high-explosive episodes of the neighbor Andean strato-volcanoes.

Although most of the cross-bedded sandstones and conglomerate sandstones are rich in basaltic fragments, some strata are composed almost entirely of pumiceous fragments, while in others there is a marked alternation between “basalt” and “pumiceous” foresets. These attributes reflect the preservation of intrabasinal pyroclastic fragments and allow suggest that: i. explosive volcanic events could be more frequent than reflected by the pyroclastic deposits themselves; ii. syneruptive pyroclastic materials could be eroded (even eliminated) by the fluvial system; iii. contributions of primary pyroclastic material persisted during intereruptive (fluvial-dominated) phases.
Fosildiagénesis en restos de dinosaurios preservados en depósitos fluviales de la Formación Lago Colhué Huapi (Cretácico Superior), Cuenca del Golfo San Jorge, Argentina
Authors: Casal Gabriel Andrés , Nillni Adriana Mónica , Valle Mauro Nicolás , González Svoboda Jorge Ezequiel , Tiedemann María Celina , Ciapparelli Helena , Ibiricu Lucio Manuel , Luiz Marta Mabel
Published: October 2019

New sedimentological and fossil-diagenetic information from remains of four dinosaurs is herein provided. The fossil material was preserved in deposits of different fluvial sub-environments from the middle section of the Lago Colhué Huapi Formation, Golfo San Jorge Basin. In all the studied cases, the bone structure originally constituted by hydroxyapatite was modified by ionic substitution to francolite. The fossil remains contained in fine lithoarenites with high clay minerals content, affected by lithostatic compression, exhibit plastic deformation and intense fracturing which affected the bone microstructure. The francolite presents cavernous texture with high crystallinity index and a lower carbonate content, evidencing processes of mineral dissolution in an acidic environment. The hematite is present as crusts and nodules on the surface of the bones and internally at the edges of the vascular channels. It is related to the precipitation of iron oxide in well oxygenated areas with fluctuating water table. The permineralization of the vascular channels with hematite and well-developed crystals of fluorapatite of neoformation, would have occurred during the early diagenesis. By contrast, the fossil remains contained in coarse lithoarenites with scarce clay minerals, have been less affected by lithostatic compression and are better preserved. The francolite exhibits a massive texture with a lower index of crystallinity and higher carbonate concentration. The permineralization of the vascular channels with hematite and well-developed crystals of calcite would have occurred in an alkaline environment during the late diagenesis. In the four study-cases it could be determined that the crystallinity indexes of the francolite and the carbonate content, display a positive correlation with the relative increase of fluorine content and the fragility of the fossil remains. Therefore, the sedimentological and fossil-diagenetic studies, in particular the permineralization processes in the vascular channels, enhance our understanding of the physical and chemical conditions that prevailed during the lithification and fossilization of the remains in different fluvial sub-environments from the Lago Colhué Huapi Formation.
Survey of medical center employees’ willingness and availability to donate blood in support of a civilian warm fresh whole blood program
Authors: Hughes, MD Joy D. , Hernandez, MD Matthew C. , Jenkins, MD Donald H. , Rivera, MD, FACS Mariela , Sawyer, MD, FACS Mark D. , Kreuter, MD Justin D. , Stubbs, MD James R. , Zielinski, MD, FACS Martin D.
Published: October 2019

Objectives: In military settings, utilizing warm fresh whole blood (WFWB) was associated with reduced mortality; however, there are multiple challenges for administering WFWB to civilians. The authors aimed to determine barriers to hospital employees emergently donating to civilian WFWB programs.Methods: We surveyed hospital employee willingness to donate emergently, familiarity with blood donation, and queried baseline demographics. The electronic survey was disseminated to a random sample of employees. Descriptive and univariate analyses were performed.Results: Three thousand surveys were sent; 883 were returned (28 percent). The majority of respondents were female (n = 630, 71 percent). Respondent familiarity with WFWB donation included very/somewhat familiar (n = 381, 43 percent) and somewhat-not/notat- all familiar (n = 356, 40 percent). Most were definitely or somewhat willing to emergently donate (n = 660, 75 percent). Four hundred and sixty would drive from home to donate (52 percent). The majority worked day-time shifts (n = 754, 85 percent). In regards to donation history, 366 (41 percent) had donated blood more than ten times, but 138 (16 percent) had never donated. Barriers to emergent donation were identified (55 percent), with the most common being childcare responsibilities (n = 242; 27 percent).Conclusions: Hospital employees are willing to donate WFWB emergently, but program implementation must address donor availability and logistical barriers. Future research should assess feasibility of a civilian WFWB program by determining regulatory challenges, development of a quality system for emergency donations, assessment of optimal workforce structure, potential impact to the general blood inventory, as well as patient and community perspectives regarding untested blood units.
Optimization and validation of a new chromatographic method for the assay of veterinary formulation
Authors: Monir Hany Hunter , Michael Adel Magdy , Nessim Christine Kamal , Fayez Yasmin Mohamed , Elshater Nahla Salah
Published: September 2019

New, validated and accurate reversed phase HPLC method with UV detection has been established for simultaneous determination of a veterinary binary mixture of doxycycline hydrochloride (DOX) and tylosin tartrate (TYT). The stationary phase was ACE- 126-2546 AQ C-18 (250 × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 μm particle size) column at 25 °C, in an isocratic mode, using mobile phase containing a mixture of methanol: acetonitrile: distilled water in the ratio of 60:20:20 (v:v:v), with 0.01% trichloroacetic acid at the flow rate of 0.8 mL/min and UV detection was performed at 270 nm. The retention times were 4.02±0.01 and 5.62±0.01 mins for DOX and TYT, respectively. Selective determination of the cited veterinary drugs has been developed in their formulation. The method was found to be linear over 1-50 µg/mL for DOX and TYT with mean percentage recoveries 99.62±1.220 and 100.09±1.104%. The method was proven to be accurate, precise and specific. The obtained results were statistically compared with those of the official and reported methods; using Student’s t test, F test and one-way ANOVA, showing no significant difference with high accuracy. Specificity of the applied method was assessed by analysing the laboratory-prepared mixtures and their combined dosage form. The developed method was confirmed according to ICH guidelines. The validated method can be considered as alternative and basic method for the routine determination of this fixed dose combination with minimum sample preparation.
Joule-Thomson coefficients and inversion curves from newly developed cubic equations of state
Authors: Akhouri Binay Prakash , Kaur Sumit
Published: September 2019

In this work, we have generalized different parametric forms of cubic equations of state (EoSs) to predict complete Joule-Thomson (J-T) inversion curves for methane at wide temperature and pressure ranges. EoSs of the Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK), Peng-Robinson (PR), Patel-Teja (PT), Esmaeilzadeh-Roshanfekr (ER) and the Hagtalab-Kamali-Mazloumi-Mahmoodi (HKMM) along with frequently used cohesion functions α(Tr) have been considered for plot of J-T inversion curves. The PR EoS along with different cohesion functions such as those of the Soave, Antonin Chapoy and the Tau-Sim-Tassone have been also tested for accurate prediction of the inversion curves. The four parametric EoSs of Adachi-Lu-Sugie (ALS), and Lawal-Lake-Silberberg (LLS) with their associated cohesion functions have been used for the prediction of J-T inversion curves. It has been observed that for the plot of inversion curves the LLS EoS is inadequate while the ER EoS agrees well with the previous measurements made in Laboratory. Besides, the J-T coefficient measurements from EoSs have been made for carbon dioxide and nitrogen gases at temperatures from 273.15 to 473.15 K and at pressures from 10 to 1000 atm, respectively. The uncertainties of experimental J-T coefficients data of carbon dioxide from values calculated using EoSs at constant pressure of 1 atm and 20 atm and with varying temperatures have been studied.
Synthesis, characterization and crystal structure of a novel tetranuclear Co(II) cubane cluster
Authors: Chen Hong , Wu Jianchun , Liu Mingguo
Published: September 2019

A new tetranuclear Co(II) cubane cluster 1, [Co4(L1)4(L2)4]·4CH3CH2OH (HL1 = 2-Methylquinolin-8-ol, HL2 = t-Bu-COOH), has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction, FT-IR, TG/DSC, and elementary analysis. The data reveals that it has a very interesting structural motif consisting of a [Co4O4] core in the form of a cube with the Co and O occupying opposite corners. In the crystal structure of complex 1, the molecules are linked by intramolecular C−H···O hydrogen bonding interactions and Van der Waals forces, forming a three-dimensional network structure. Crystal data for complex 1: C60H68Co4N4O12, triclinic, space group P-1 (no. 2), with a = 12.0644(4), b = 12.0996(3), c = 20.2858(7) Å, α = 92.005(3)o, β = 92.182(3)°, γ = 97.943(3)°, Z = 2, V = 2928.25(16) Å3, T = 293 K, μ(MoKα) = 1.178 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.444 g/cm3, 16737 reflections measured (3.00° ≤ θ ≤ 28.53°), 9010 unique (Rint = 0.024, Rsigma = 0.0574) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.039 (I≥2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.090 (all data).
Diurnal cycle of short-term fluctuations of integrated water vapour above Switzerland
Authors: Hocke Klemens , Bernet Leonie , Hagen Jonas , Murk Axel , Renker Matthias , Mätzler Christian
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The TROpospheric WAter RAdiometer (TROWARA) continuously measures integrated water vapour (IWV) with a time resolution of 6 s at Bern in Switzerland.
During summer, we often see that IWV has temporal fluctuations during daytime, while the nighttime data are without fluctuations.
The data analysis is focused on the year 2010, where TROWARA has a good data quality without data gaps.
We derive the spectrum of the IWV fluctuations in the period range from about 1 to 100 min. The FFT spectrum with a window size of 3 months leads to a serious underestimation of the spectral amplitudes of the fluctuations. Thus, we apply a band pass filtering method to derive the amplitudes as a function of period Tp. The amplitudes are proportional to Tp0.5. Another method is the calculation of the moving standard deviation with time window lengths from about 1 to 100 min.
Here, we get similar results to those with the band pass filtering method. At all periods, the IWV fluctuations are strongest during summer, while they are smallest during winter. We derive the diurnal variation of the short-term IWV fluctuations by applying a moving standard deviation with a window length of 10 min. The daily cycle is strongest during the summer season, with standard deviations up to 0.22 mm at about 14:00 CET. The diurnal cycle disappears during wintertime.
A similar seasonal behaviour is observed in the diurnal cycle of latent heat flux as provided by the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2 reanalysis) at Bern. Further, the 3 d averages of the latent heat flux and the magnitude of the short-term IWV variability show a strong correlation at Bern in 2010 (r=0.82 with a 95 % confidence interval from 0.75 to 0.87). Thus, we suggest that the diurnal cycle of short-term IWV fluctuations at Bern is mainly caused by large convective heating during daytime in summer.
Street-scale air quality modelling for Beijing during a winter 2016 measurement campaign
Authors: Biggart Michael , Stocker Jenny , Doherty Ruth M. , Wild Oliver , Hollaway Michael , Carruthers David , Li Jie , Zhang Qiang , Wu Ruili , Kotthaus Simone , Grimmond Sue , Squires Freya A. , Lee James , Shi Zongbo
Published: October 2019

Abstract. We examine the street-scale variation of NOx, NO2, O3 and PM2.5 concentrations in Beijing during the Atmospheric Pollution and Human Health in a Chinese Megacity (APHH-China) winter measurement campaign in November–December 2016. Simulations are performed using the urban air pollution dispersion and chemistry model ADMS-Urban, and an explicit network of road source emissions. Two versions of the gridded Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC v1.3) are used: the standard MEIC v1.3 emissions and an optimised version, both at 3 km resolution. We construct a new traffic emissions inventory by apportioning the transport sector onto a detailed spatial road map. Agreement between mean simulated and measured pollutant concentrations from Beijing's air quality monitoring network and the Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP) field site is improved when using the optimised emissions inventory. The inclusion of fast NOx-O3 chemistry and explicit traffic emissions enables the sharp concentration gradients adjacent to major roads to be resolved with the model. However, NO2 concentrations are overestimated close to roads, likely due to the assumption of uniform traffic activity across the study domain. Differences between measured and simulated diurnal NO2 cycles suggest that an additional evening NOx emission source, likely related to heavy duty diesel trucks, is not fully accounted for in the emissions inventory. Overestimates in simulated early evening NO2 are reduced by delaying the formation of stable boundary layer conditions in the model to replicate Beijing's urban heat island. The simulated campaign period mean PM2.5 concentration range across the monitoring network (~ 15 μgm−3) is much lower than the measured range (~ 40 μgm−3). This is likely a consequence of insufficient PM2.5 emissions and spatial variability, neglect of explicit point sources, and assumption of a homogeneous background PM2.5 level. Sensitivity studies highlight that the use of explicit road source emissions, modified diurnal emission profiles, and inclusion of urban heat island effects permit closer agreement between simulated and measured NO2 concentrations. This work lays the foundations for future studies of human exposure to ambient air pollution across complex urban areas, with the APHH-China campaign measurements providing a valuable means of evaluating the impact of key processes on street-scale air quality.
Past African dust inputs in Western Mediterranean area controlled by the complex interaction between ITCZ, NAO and TSI
Authors: Sabatier Pierre , Nicolle Marie , Piot Christine , Colin Christophe , Debret Maxime , Swingedouw Didier , Perrette Yves , Bellingery Marie-Charlotte , Chazeau Benjamin , Develle Anne-Lise , Leblanc Maxime , Skonieczny Charlotte , Copard Yoann , Reyss Jean-Louis , Malet Emmanuel , Jouffroy-Bapicot Isabelle , Kelner Maëlle , Poulenard Jérôme , Didier Julien , Arnaud Fabien , Vannière Boris
Published: October 2019

Abstract. North Africa is the largest source of mineral dust on Earth, which has multiple impacts on the climate system; however, our understanding of decadal to centennial changes in African dust emissions over the last few millennia is limited. Here, we present a high-resolution multiproxy analysis of sediment core from high-elevation lake Bastani, in Corsica Island to reconstruct past African dust inputs to the Western Mediterranean area over the last 3150 yrs cal BP. Clay Mineralogy and geochemical data allows us to identify that terrigenous fluxes are almost exclusively related to atmospheric dust deposition from the West and North Sahara over this period, which is consistent with current observations. High resolution geochemical contents provide a reliable proxy of Saharan dust inputs with millennial to centennial scale variations. Millennial variations have been correlated to the long term southward migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) with an increase of dust input since 1070 yrs cal BP. This correlation suggests a strong link with ITCZ and could reflect the increased availability of dust sources to be mobilized with an increase in wind and a decrease in precipitation over West and North Africa. For centennial to decadal variations, wavelet analyses show that since 1070 yr cal BP, NAO is the main climatic forcing with an increase of Saharan dust input during positive phase, as suggested by previous study over the last decades. However, when ITCZ is in a northern position, before 1070 yr cal BP, wavelet analyses indicate that total solar irradiance (TSI) is the main forcing factor, with an increase of African dust input during low TSI. With climate reanalysis over the instrumental era, during low TSI we observe a significant negative anomaly in pressure over Africa which is known to increase the dust transport. These two climatic forcing factors (NAO, TSI) modulate Saharan dust inputs to the Mediterranean area at centennial timescale through changes in wind and transport pathways.
On the relation between avalanche occurrence and avalanche danger
level
Authors: Schweizer Jürg , Mitterer Christoph , Techel Frank , Stoffel Andreas , Reuter Benjamin
Published: October 2019

Abstract. In many countries with seasonally snow-covered mountain ranges warnings are issued to alert the public about imminent avalanche danger, mostly employing a 5-level danger scale. However, as avalanche danger cannot be measured, the charac-terization of avalanche danger remains qualitative. The probability of avalanche occurrence in combination with the ex-pected avalanche type and size decide on the degree of danger in a given forecast region (≳ 100 km2). To describe ava-lanche occurrence probability the snowpack stability and its spatial distribution need to be assessed. To quantify the rela-tion between avalanche occurrence and avalanche danger level we analyzed a large data set of visually observed ava-lanches from the region of Davos (Eastern Swiss Alps), all with mapped outlines, and compared the avalanche activity to the forecast danger level on the day of occurrence. The number of avalanches per day strongly increased with increasing danger level confirming that not only the release probability but also the frequency of locations with a weakness in the snowpack where avalanches may initiate from, increases within a region. Avalanche size did in general not increase with increasing avalanche danger level, suggesting that avalanche size may be of secondary importance compared to snowpack stability and its distribution when assessing the danger level. Moreover, the frequency of wet-snow avalanches was found to be higher than the frequency of dry-snow avalanches on a given day; also, wet-snow avalanches tended to be larger. This finding may indicate that the danger scale is not used consistently with regard to avalanche type. Although, observed ava-lanche occurrence and avalanche danger level are subject to uncertainties, our findings on the characteristics of avalanche activity may allow revisiting the definitions of the European avalanche danger scale. The description of the danger levels can be improved, in particular by quantifying some of the many proportional quantifiers. For instance, ‘many avalanches’, expected at danger level 4–High, means on the order of 10 avalanches per 100 km2. Whereas our data set is one of the most comprehensive, visually observed avalanche records are known to be inherently incomplete so that our results often refer to a lower limit and should be confirmed using other similarly comprehensive data sets.
Studying crashes to avoid clashes: A translational approach to develop terminological competence for aeronautic communication
Authors: Zhu Bo , Gao Hong , Wu Hexiong , Wang Wei
Published: September 2019

Miscommunication in the cockpit or between pilots and air traffic controllers (ATCs) could be fatal when they use English, the de facto language for international civil aviation. To ensure air safety, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has set up English proficiency requirements in Document 9835, calling for adherence to standardized terminology in aeronautic communication. For this reason, terminological competence proves a crucial challenge to non-native speakers of English and merits study from a variety of perspectives. Drawing from relevant work, the current study reports on a translational approach to developing terminological competence for student pilots attending a terminology course tailored to ICAO standards. By extracting subtitles from Mayday, a documentary series on air crashes, near-crashes, and crises, we built a specialized bilingual parallel corpus on aviation and analyzed terminological data against the inventory of events, domains, and sub-domains specified in Document 9835. Through the identification, elaboration, translation, and management of specialized terms, we explore the terminological competence development, and through follow-up interviews we identify the features of this course in shaping student pilots into domain experts qualified for aeronautic communication.
El resumen en japonés y en español de artículos de investigación en medicina
Authors: Rubio Raquel , Muñoz Édinson , Perelló Juan Luis , Hevia Pablo
Published: September 2019

A pesar de que los estudios de retórica sobre el resumen del artículo científico no son pocos, aquellos centrados en la lengua española y japonesa, tanto por separado como en un análisis contrastivo, son escasos o incluso inexistentes. En el presente trabajo proponemos un análisis retórico contrastivo de los resúmenes de artículos científicos de medicina aplicando el modelo de movida retórica de Swales & Feak (2009). Estos resúmenes se encuentran en revistas indexadas, 10 de ellos están escritos en japonés y 10 en español. Los resultados del análisis ofrecen una clara diferencia estructural entre los resúmenes en español y japonés, siendo más homogénea y completa la estructura de los resúmenes en lengua española que japonesa, debido a que básicamente aparecen con mayor frecuencia todas las movidas analizadas. Por otro lado, en ambos casos se prefieren las movidas antecedentes y objetivos sobre los métodos, resultados y conclusiones, hecho que deja abierta una mayor investigación para reflexionar sobre las posibles causas de esta incoherencia con la organización retórica deseada. Se concluye también, la necesidad de realizar un análisis más detallado del contenido de cada movida, diferenciando algunos de los pasos característicos en cada caso, para poder extraer conclusiones significativas sobre el contenido y la intención comunicativa, así como ampliar el corpus de investigación tanto dentro del campo de la medicina como en otras disciplinas.
Change by default: Exploring the effects of a sudden influx of newcomers on the discourse of r/TwoXChromosomes
Authors: Panek Elliot , Harrison Wyatt , Hou Jue
Published: October 2019

Sudden influxes of new contributors to online communities can cause apprehension and resentment among existing members, potentially leading to the displacement of existing members by newcomers. We analyze the impact of a sudden influx of new contributors to r/TwoXChromosomes, an online community in which the experiences and perspectives of female-identified individuals are discussed. Though we find evidence of a small displacement effect, other factors, such as the passage of time and the 2016 U.S. presidential election, have far larger impacts on the retention of existing contributors. We also find that after the influx, discussion topics shifted temporarily toward general statements about women and men, followed by a lasting shift away from appearance-related topics toward topics relating to motherhood. In sum, the evidence suggests that in this particular case, fears of displacement by a sudden influx of newcomers are exaggerated, and that technology designers, users, and online community managers should consider the impact of a wider variety of factors when considering how to maintain cohesive online communities.
‘This time with feeling?’ Assessing EU data governance implications of out of home appraisal based emotional AI
Authors: McStay Andrew , Urquhart Lachlan
Published: October 2019

The boundaries of personal space and borders of bodily integrity are being tested by deployments of emotional artificial intelligence (EAI) in private and public spaces. By means of sensing, seeing and machine learning of facial expressions, voice, gaze, gestures and range of physiological signals (heart rate, skin conductivity and temperature, muscle activity, body temperature, respiration and other bio-signals), the goal is to make interior emotional life machine-readable for personal, commercial and security objectives.In this paper, we focus on computer vision and face-based analytics to consider the nature, method and development of facial coding, the potential demise of existing approaches, and the rise of even more invasive methods. Criticisms of facial coding have long existed, but recent scholarship and industrial development signals a lack of confidence in ‘basic emotions’ and a turn to appraisal-based accounts of emotion. This inevitably entails use of data about internal physiological and experiential contexts, but also factors external to an individual. To explore this, this paper asks and answers the following question: With regard to deployment in out-of-home situations, what are the legal and privacy implications of appraisal-based emotion capture?
Interest Rate Pass-Through in Three EU Candidate Countries: The Case of Albania, North Macedonia and Serbia
Authors: Velickovski Igor , Mamuchevska Daniela
Published: October 2019

The objective of the paper is to assess the interest rate pass-through in three EU candidate countries that is Albania, North Macedonia and Serbia. We rely on an error-correction model using monthly data over the period 2005-2019. Results suggest a complete interest rate pass-through in Albania, albeit it has been weakened during the economic and financial crisis. The relatively fast speed of adjustment indicates an effective interest rate transmission channel. In the Macedonian case, the changes of the monetary policy rate are transmitted completely to the bank lending rate, but not to the bank borrowing rate. The transmission via the money market rate has improved after the global economic and financial turmoil. In the case of Serbia, the results also suggest complete interest rate pass-through indicating that the monetary policy rate changes are transmitted into retail rates offered by the banks to savers and borrowers in the long run. Nevertheless, the speed of adjustment is relatively slow. In general, the estimated speed and extent of the response of money market interest rate and bank retail interest rates to changes in the monetary policy rate gives an indication of effective interest rate transmission channel in the case of Albania and Serbia. On the other hand, it is moderately effective in the case of North Macedonia given that the central bank rate changes affect mainly bank lending rate but not borrowing rate.
Kindergarten Teachers’ Perceptions on Management Training Issues and Needs
Authors: Panagiotopoulos Georgios , Vasiliki Kanaki , Karanikola Zoe
Published: October 2019

This study refers to the unexplored scientific field of administration in preschool education and comes to investigate the views of teachers working at the public kindergartens of Piraeus region, regarding their educational administration needs and the form of relevant training programs they wish to attend. In Greece, one kindergarten teacher of each school unit is required to perform both administrative and teaching tasks simultaneously, as there is not a separate principal who performs only administrative tasks. This survey was conducted from April to May 2019, whereas the quantitative approach was chosen for the collection of data. The questionnaires were delivered through the e-mail addresses of the kindergarten schools of the Piraeus region. The population of the survey was 150 kindergarten teachers, whereas the sample was 71 kindergarten teachers (response rate 47.3 %). The results of the survey show that the vast majority of teachers regard management training as being a crucial factor of effectiveness, while in terms of training programs they state that they desire a combination of introductory and periodic training organized by institutions such as the Institute of Educational Policy, Universities, the Ministry of Education and the Regional Centers for Educational Planning. In addition, they prefer to attend compulsory and fast-paced training programs whenever there is a change in administrative duties and whenever an educational reform occurs, organized by experienced school unit principals and the Professors of the National Centre for Public Administration and Local Government during working hours with exemption from teaching duties. The results of the present study provide guidance for the development of an educational program for kindergarten teachers in administrative issues.
Elements Making up the Profile of a Professional Teacher. A Qualitative and Quantitative Approach
Authors: Panagiotopoulos Georgios , Sofia Avramidou , Karanikola Zoe
Published: October 2019

This present study comes to investigate teachers' views on what constitutes teacher professionalism and whether these views are influenced by gender, age, educational level and teaching experience. Both a qualitative and a quantitative research approach were chosen. Three teachers were interviewed, whereas 83 teachers completed the questionnaire. According to the findings, professionalism is related to the teacher's knowledge, personal and interpersonal skills. In addition, a large proportion of participants associate professionalism with mastering basic communication skills, developing problem-solving strategies and utilizing appropriate teaching methods. Finally, emphasis is put on developing a culture of collaboration between colleagues and between teachers and parents.
ANÁLISE DINÂMICA TRANSIENTE DE BARRAS PELO MÉTODO DOS ELEMENTOS FINITOS GENERALIZADOS UTILIZANDO SUPERPOSIÇÃO MODAL
Authors: Col Debella Leticia , Arndt Marcos , Machado Roberto Dalledone
Published: September 2019

O Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF), embora amplamente utilizado como um método de solução aproximada, possui algumas limitações quando aplicado na análise dinâmica. Como alternativa para melhorar a resposta dinâmica da estrutura, o Método dos Elementos Finitos Generalizados (MEFG) pode ser usado para enriquecer o espaço de aproximação com funções apropriadas de acordo com o problema em estudo. Uma vez que a literatura mostra que o MEFG é um método eficaz na análise dinâmica, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar um procedimento capaz de aumentar a precisão e eficiência computacional do método. Para tanto, a matriz modal, responsável pelo desacoplamento do sistema das equações de equilíbrio dinâmico, é utilizada com a presença apenas dos modos de vibração mais preponderantes do problema, que são identificados a partir de um proposto coeficiente capaz de indicar a influência de cada um desses modos. As análises foram feitas em elementos de barra e foi possível obter resultados transientes de deslocamento mais precisos, e mais eficientes computacionalmente.
A Influência do Efeito Arco no Dimensionamento de Alvenaria Estrutural Apoiada em Viga de Concreto Armado
Authors: Bortoli Lucas Herber , Bianchi Rafael Araujo
Published: September 2019

Situações de transmissão de cargas de alvenaria estrutural em elementos lineares, como vigas de transição, ocasionam fenômenos atípicos no comportamento estrutural do conjunto, que podem apresentar riscos à integridade da estrutura ou dificuldades em sua viabilidade técnica. Neste sentido, o presente estudo tem por objetivo verificar as considerações de distribuição dos esforços mediante o efeito arco na interação entre alvenaria estrutural e vigas de concreto armado, a fim de contribuir para a compreensão do fenômeno e as condições que o influenciam. Deste modo, foi verificado a distribuição de tensões em alvenaria estrutural sujeita a determinada solicitação, tendo como parâmetro diferentes modelos de cálculo e levando em conta as peculiaridades entre ambos os elementos da interação, tanto da ótica da alvenaria quanto do suporte em concreto armado, ou seja, considerando a rigidez relativa à flexão entre os dois. As hipóteses simplificadas da Norma brasileira apresentaram diferenças significativas em comparação ao método analítico baseado em estudos via método dos elementos finitos e ensaios experimentais, para situações de elevadas tensões, como é o caso de grandes vãos ou de carregamentos com alta intensidade.
The Impact of Lengths of Time Series on the Accuracy of the ARIMA Forecasting
Authors: Qin Lu , Shanks Kyle , Phillips Glenn Allen , Bernard Daphne
Published: September 2019

The Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average model (ARIMA) is a popular time-series model used to predict future trends in economics, energy markets, and stock markets. It has not been widely applied to enrollment forecasting in higher education. The accuracy of the ARIMA model heavily relies on the length of time series. Researchers and practitioners often utilize the most recent - to -years of historical data to predict future enrollment; however, the accuracy of enrollment projection under different lengths of time series has never been investigated and compared. A simulation and an empirical study were conducted to thoroughly investigate the accuracy of ARIMA forecasting under four different lengths of time series. When the ARIMA model completely captured the historical changing trajectories, it provided the most accurate predictions of student enrollment with 20-years of historical data and had the lowest forecasting accuracy with the shortest time series. The results of this paper contribute as a reference to studies in the enrollment projection and time-series forecasting. It provides a practical impact on enrollment strategies, budges plans, and financial aid policies at colleges and institutions across countries.
Émile Durkheim e a crítica do capitalismo em da divisão do trabalho social
Authors: Freire Alyson Thiago Fernandes
Published: September 2019

Este artigo pretende analisar o diagnóstico sociológico de Émile Durkheim (1858-1917) sobre a sociedade moderna como contendo uma relevante crítica do capitalismo. Para tanto, nesse artigo, apresento e discuto os aspectos centrais dessa crítica na obra Da Divisão do Trabalho Social (1893). A primeira parte do artigo consiste numa discussão das teses centrais do livro, de modo a contextualizar o pano de fundo histórico e teórico dentro qual a crítica durkheimiana do capitalismo é formulada. Por sua vez, na segunda parte, dividida em três seções, abordamos o objeto principal desse estudo, buscando articular os pontos de apoio da crítica de Durkheim ao capitalismo industrial e liberal de sua época, a saber: anomia jurídica e moral, autorregulação do mercado e desigualdades.
Em busca do grande uno: Hartmut Esser e o modelo macro-micro-macro como síntese final da teoria sociológica.
Authors: Sell Carlos Eduardo
Published: September 2019

O artigo examina criticamente o modelo explicativo de múltiplos níveis de Hartmut Esser. Após apresentar as características principais de sua teoria [1. Lógica da situação, 2. Lógica da ação e 3. Lógica da agregação e da transformação], discute-se a tentativa de Esser em integrar a teoria da ação social com a teoria da prática social em um único modelo denominado de Frame Selektion, bem como sua utilização de elementos da teoria dos sistemas. Apesar dos problemas e limites da teoria de Esser, argumenta-se que o modelo “macro-micro-macro” representa uma importante plataforma meta-teórica para a análise comparativa de paradigmas sociológicos.
Híbridos e hifenizados (ou a diferença como adição)
Authors: Chiesa Gustavo Ruiz
Published: September 2019

O presente ensaio propõe um diálogo conceitual entre determinados autores bastante caros às teorias sociológica e antropológica contemporâneas, como Homi Bhabha, Stuart Hall, Fredrik Barth, Paul Gilroy, Ulf Hannerz e Clifford Geertz, a partir de uma breve revisão de algumas das principais ideias, conceitos e questões que atravessam o tema do contato e dos fluxos interculturais em um contexto pós-colonial. Nessa conversa, perceberemos que, a partir de diferentes maneiras e percorrendo caminhos distintos, todos os autores chamam a atenção para o caráter eminentemente criativo e “aditivo” da diferença, o que resultará em um entendimento da cultura como um movimento ou processo em constante transformação. Em tempos de acentuados radicalismos, intolerâncias e discursos de ódio, trata-se de um convite a uma forma de perceber a diferença como uma adição e jamais como uma restrição ou contradição.
“Porque isso aqui, queira ou não, é uma cadeia”: as instituições híbridas de interface com a prisão
Authors: Vinuto Juliana , Franco Túlio Maia
Published: September 2019

Neste artigo discutiremos sobre o que chamamos de “instituições híbridas de interface com a prisão” a partir de duas pesquisas distintas, uma realizada em um Hospital de Custódia e Tratamento Psiquiátrico (HCTP) e outra em um centro de internação para adolescentes em conflito com a lei. São instituições híbridas de interface com a prisão aquelas que desde a sua concepção articulam o cárcere com outras instituições não-prisionais, como a escola e o hospital, o que permite punir indivíduos tidos como inimputáveis ou semi-inimputáveis. Através da casos empíricos discutimos a abertura supostamente não-prisional dessas instituições, que por ocorrer apenas de modo cerimonial garante legitimidade frente às demandas da sociedade, mesmo se orientando por uma lógica securitária.
Paredão na calçada, polícia na porta: conflitos vicinais e transformação da diversão nas periferias de São Miguel dos Campos - Alagoas
Authors: Santos Nido Farias dos , Rodrigues Fernando de Jesus
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho visa compreender aspectos das mudanças nos padrões de lazer e diversão de moradores de bairros populares da cidade de São Miguel dos Campos, Alagoas. Tomamos como fio condutor a problematização da emergência de tensões sociais em espaços residenciais que gravitam em torno de paredões de som. A imersão etnográfica, aliada a uma perspectiva figuracional, fez perceber que amemória de antigos moradores de uma cidade pacata havia sido perturbada pela presença desses aparelhos, ensejando um aumento da pressão por controle sobre a diversão sonora. Argumentamos que as pressões que incidem sob a regulação social da diversão evocam a desestabilização de antigas solidariedades socioespaciais, impactadas pelo rompimento de laços comunitários e pela progressiva integração dos mais pobres a mercados culturais. As consequências desse processo social são a maior participação de populares em esferas de ação cultural sentidas como mais autônomas em que o sentido de ser “indivíduos” aponta para novas figurações das interdependências socioafetivas em pequenas cidades do Brasil.
As crianças e as linhas de transmissão em São Luís: perspectivas metodológicas de uma pesquisa sobre representações infantis
Authors: Sousa Emilene Leite
Published: September 2019

Este artigo revisita a pesquisa realizada sobre a presença de comunidades em faixas de servidão de linhas de transmissão da Eletronorte em São Luís, para refletir sobre perspectivas metodológicas na pesquisa sobre representações infantis. Embora as crianças não tenham sido consideradas no projeto inicial - cujo objetivo era analisar as representações e relações que as comunidades rurais de São Luís estabeleciam com os equipamentos da Eletronorte, - fui surpreendida pelo protagonismo infantil. Logo, considerar as crianças em campo tornou-se fundamental para dar conta dos objetivos da pesquisa em sua totalidade, sendo esta a discussão realizada neste artigo. Além de uma análise metodológica, verificamos as representações das crianças sobre os equipamentos, a empresa e a faixa de servidão, e identificamos as ações infantis respaldadas nessas representações através de técnicas como conversas informais e desenhos elaborados pelas crianças compondo, assim, uma etnografia. Logo, embora a pesquisa não se defina como uma pesquisa com ou sobre crianças especificamente, através deste recorte analítico, demonstramos a importância de tomar as crianças como sujeitos de pesquisa como qualquer outra variável em campo – homens, mulheres, idosos – sob pena de não compreendermos completamente uma dada realidade.
Eugenia, Educação E Saber Médico: o discurso eugênico na I Conferência Nacional de Educação (1927)
Authors: Alves Alexandre , Pizzolatti Audrei Rodrigo Da Conceição
Published: September 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é problematizar como o discurso eugênico no Brasil esteve vinculado à educação a partir da análise da I Conferência Nacional de Educação realizada em Curitiba em 1927, além de outros documentos do período. Fundamentado numa análise documental, num primeiro momento realizou-se um estudo sobre o tema eugenia e educação presentes em teses, dissertações e artigos. Diante disso, o artigo analisa o debate em torno de temas como a “degeneração”, a miscigenação, as teorias da hereditariedade, a relação entre eugenia e higienismo e a questão da educação eugênica. Argumenta-se que a escola foi uma das principais formas de circulação do discurso eugênico entre diferentes camadas sociais. Com a função de forjar o sujeito para a plena consciência eugênica do melhoramento da espécie e do corpo social, a eugenia foi enaltecida em diversas teses apresentadas na I CNE, denotando claramente sua assimilação pelos educadores da época.
A ground shaking amplification map for New Zealand
Authors: Destegul Umut , Dellow Grant , Heron David
Published: October 2019

A ground shaking amplification map of New Zealand has been compiled from data held by GNS Science. The resulting map is being used in RiskScape, a tool for comparing risks at a given site from a variety of hazards by estimating potential losses.

A GIS-based geological map with national coverage has been composed from several sources, and is used as the base data. Geological maps from the QMAP project (an ongoing project to digitally compile 1:250,000 geological maps for all of New Zealand) have been used where available, supplemented with detailed geological maps at scales ranging from 1:25,000 to 1:50,000 for the larger urban areas. Gaps in the QMAP series have been filled by the 1:1,000,000 ‘Geological Map of New Zealand’.

Every geological polygon in the composite geological map has been assigned one of the ground shaking amplification (or site) classes from the New Zealand Standard for Structural Design Actions – Earthquake actions (NZS 1170.5) to produce the result map. These conform to the site class definitions in NZS 1170.5, which describes five classes with respect to ground shaking amplification. Assignment of these classes was straightforward for rock sites but more involved for soils where, for example, at boundaries between weak rock and deep soil sites a buffer zone of shallow soil was applied.
Comparison of New Zealand standards used for seismic design of concrete buildings
Authors: Fenwick Richard , MacRae Gregory
Published: September 2019

Major changes have occurred over the last six decades in New Zealand design codes for seismic resistance of structures. This paper describes the changes in the required design strengths, stiffness levels and capacity design provisions with particular reference to buildings where the lateral force resistance is provided by reinforced concrete moment resisting frames. It is shown that simple comparisons of response spectra and limiting inter-storey drifts can give misleading conclusions regarding relative strength and stiffness requirements unless allowance is made for many other interacting factors. To illustrate this, minimum design requirements defined in codes (or standards) over the last six decades are compared with the corresponding 2009 design requirements for regular buildings in which the lateral force resistance is provided by moment resisting frames. The approach that is described can be applied to other forms of structure. The paper is intended to provide background information for engineers planning to assess the need for seismic retrofit of existing buildings and to show the different factors which should to be considered in assessing existing structures against current design criteria.
Surface rupture of the Greendale Fault during the Darfield (Canterbury) earthquake, New Zealand
Authors: Quigley M. , Van Dissen R. , Villamor P. , Litchfield N. , Barrell D. , Furlong K. , Stahl T. , Duffy B. , Bilderback E. , Noble D. , Townsend D. , Begg J. , Jongens R. , Ries W. , Claridge J. , Klahn A. , Mackenzie H. , Smith A. , Hornblow S. , Nicol R. , Cox S. , Langridge R. , Pedley K.
Published: September 2019

The Mw 7.1 Darfield (Canterbury) earthquake of 4 September 2010 (NZST) was the first earthquake in New Zealand to produce ground-surface fault rupture since the 1987 Edgecumbe earthquake. Surface rupture of the previously unrecognised Greendale Fault during the Darfield earthquake extends for at least 29.5 km and comprises an en echelon series of east-west striking, left-stepping traces. Displacement is predominantly dextral strike-slip, averaging ~2.5 m, with maxima of ~5 m along the central part of the rupture. Maximum vertical displacement is ~1.5 m, but generally < 0.75 m. The south side of the fault has been uplifted relative to the north for ~80% of the rupture length, except at the eastern end where the north side is up. The zone of surface rupture deformation ranges in width from ~30 to 300 m, and comprises discrete shears, localised bulges and, primarily, horizontal dextral flexure. At least a dozen buildings were affected by surface rupture, but none collapsed, largely because most of the buildings were relatively flexible and robust timber-framed structures and because deformation was distributed over tens to hundreds of metres width. Many linear features, such as roads, fences, power lines, and irrigation ditches were offset or deformed by fault rupture, providing markers for accurate determinations of displacement.