bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mamíferos de Chile: antecedentes y situación actual.
Authors: Torres N. Daniel , Yáñez V. José , Cattan Pedro E.
Published: January 2024

La escasez de investigadores dedicados al estudio de los mamíferos marinos en Chile, la razonable demora que significa formar en el terreno mismo a los nuevos elementos, la carencia de una vía expedita de comunicación desde los investigadores hacia las autoridades y la gran dificultad que existe para obtener apoyo económico y logístico son, a nuestro juicio, las principales razones que explican la falta de estudios sobre estos recursos y el inadecuado manejo a que se han visto sometidas las poblaciones de mamíferos marinos. Por estos motivos se ha considerado oportuno presentar una resumida visión de los actuales problemas que presentan los mamíferos marinos de Chile, considerando para ello algunos antecedentes sobre el estado actual de sus poblaciones, medidas de protección adoptadas, investigaciones realizadas o en marcha, y presentando, además, algunas recomendaciones para una efectiva protección y para programar y desarrollar investigaciones a nivel regional, nacional o internacional, ya sea referidas a una especie o a varias, que permitan incrementar el conocimiento actual, por lo menos, de aquellas especies en peligro y lasque están siendo sometidas a manejo.Los datos que se entregan se refieren a: Carnivora, una especie de Mustelidae; Pinnipcdia, cinco especies de Phocidae y cuatro de Otariidac; y Cetácea, siete especies de Balaenopteridae, dos de Balaenidac, dos de Physcteridae, tres de Ziphiidae, once de Dclphinidae y una de Phocoenidae.
Estudios sobre la sangre y la actividad cardiaca del corazón del Concholepas concholepas
Authors: Ward Peter , Flores Guillermo , Krauskopf Manuel , Concha Juan
Published: January 2024

Dada la escasísima información que existe sobre fisiología de invertebrados chilenos, como es el caso del Concholepas concholepas (loco), nos interesó estudiar la sangre y la actividad card íaca de esta especie. Se estudió la composición de la sangre la cual demostró ser semejante a la de otros invertebrados cuando son comparados los elementos figurados, los electrolitos y las proteínas plasmáticas. La separación por cromatografía en DEAE-celulosa y por electroforesis en papel de las proteínas plasmáticas mostró la existencia hemocianina (90 a 96°/o) y un 4 a 10°/o de otras proteínas “no hemocianina” probablemente de origenintracelular.El corazón del loco está formado por un atrio o aurícula y un ventrículo, constituidos por fibras cardíacas anastomosadas profusamente entre sí. Se observa la presencia de células nerviosas intramurales que se alojan entre las fibras musculares. Las fibras musculares estriadas se organizan en tres capas entre las cuales existe tejido conjuntivo. En el interior del citoplasma de las fibras se encuentra glicógeno. La superficie interna y externa del corazón está recubierta poruña capa epitelial.La actividad eléctrica y mecánicadel ventrículo es irregular y arrítmica. Esta irregularidad puede deberse a la actividad nerviosa cardioinhibidora de tipo-colinérgica ya que la atropina regulariza y acelera el ritmo cardíaco. La respuesta a mediadores químicos como la acetilcolina y la noradrenalina, además de la falta de potenciales oscilatorios en el registro electrocardiográfico, revela que el corazón del C. concholepas es miogénico.
Conducta de alimentación nocturna de Concholepas concholepas (MOLLUSCA : GASTROPODA : MURICIDAE)
Authors: Castilla J.C. , Guisado CH.
Published: January 2024

Se estudia la conducta de alimentación de Concholepas concholepas (Bruguiere) loco, en condiciones cíclicas de luz y oscuridad en laboratorio, utilizando el chorito maico Perumytilus purpuratus y el gastrópodo Collisella sp. como alimento. Los resultados demuestran que el loco se alimenta preferentemente durante períodos de oscuridad, independientemente de la hora solar. Se plantea la posible existencia de componentes rítmicos endógenos en el control de la iniciación o inhibición del proceso de consumo de alimento en la especie.
Crecimiento y fenología reproductiva de Iridae ciliata KÜTZING (RHODOPHYTA, GIGARTINALES) en una pradera submareal
Authors: Poblete Adriana , Candia Arturo , Inostroza Ingrid , Ugarte Raúl
Published: January 2024

Se describe ios cambios fonológicos y de crecimiento de una pradera submareal de Iridaea ciliata (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales) en Punta de Parra, Bahía de Concepción. Se postula un comportamiento estacional con máximos valores de densidad, longitud y biomasa en verano-otoño y mínimos en invierno. Se correlaciona este ciclo con algunos factores ambientales encontrando que existe correlación entre el incremento de biomasa desde diciembre a marzo, con la radiación solar y fotoperíodo, mientras que la disminución de la biomasa está en relación con un fenómeno de depositación de arena sobre la pradera y con marejadas. La temperatura y la salinidad aparentemente no influyen en el comportamiento cíclico de esta pradera. Se observa una baja proporción de tetrasporofitos a lo largo del año. Se destaca la actividad vegetativa de los discos básales en la formación de nuevas frondas y su resistencia al enterramiento bajo arena por 3-4 meses cada año.
Correlaciones genético-morfológicas en la Ostra Chilena, Tiostrea chilensis (Philippi, 1845) Chanley y Dinamani, 1980, del banco de Pullinque (Ancud, Chiloe)
Authors: Guíñez Ricardo , Monsalve Arturo , Galleguillos Ricardo
Published: January 2024

Sobre la base de un muestreo representativo del banco ostrícola de Pullinque, se estableció que existe una correlación positiva entre el grado de heterocigosidad individual en dos loci enzimáticos (CA y LAP) y las siguientes medidas morfométricas: largo, alto, peso total, peso de tejidos blandos y porcentaje del peso total destinado a tejidos blandos. La relación explica entre 1,3% y un 4,1% de la varianza. Se discute las implicaciones de estas asociaciones, en términos de las posibles explicaciones causales entre la multiheterocigosidad y el tamaño, como también el efecto que puede tener una pesquería que actúa selectivamente por tamaño sobre la estructura genética de una población.
Portugal and Common Blond Oranges: are they the same Variety? Characteristics and Enhancement of the Oldest European Sweet Orange Variety
Authors: Passafiume Roberta , Farina Vittorio , La Mantia Tommaso
Published: January 2024

Background:

Today, old citrus fruit varieties with traits suited to a market more attentive to a limited territorial distribution of certain species and the preservation of biodiversity are being promoted. One of these is the Portugal orange. The name 'Portugal' disappeared from the writings on citrus fruit growing in the first half of the last century, systematically replaced by the name 'Common Blond'.

Methods:

One hundred fruits of ‘Portugal’ and ‘Common Blond’ oranges come from two varietal collections found in Sicily. Physico-chemical and sensory analyses were carried out to evaluate the qualitative characteristics of both varieties and to confirm or confute the previous hypothesis.

Results:

These analyses confirm that from the point of view of fruit quality, there are no significant differences between 'Portugal' and 'Common Blond' oranges. The differences found can be attributed to the different growing environments, i.e. cultural practices, microclimate, fertilization, etc.

Conclusion:

Furthermore, the historical information provided also supports the hypothesis that the 'Portugal' orange simply changed its name to 'Common Blond', even though there were numerous bud variations that led to the selection of different clones.
The Psychological Perspective of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika and Its Measurements
Authors: Syahputra Wahyu , Dhowi Bay , Sianipar Suryati Mahdalena , Ali Moondore Madalina , Sriherlambang Budi
Published: January 2024

Aims:

This article aims to develop a Bhinneka Tunggal Ika measurement tool.

Background:

Indonesia, as one of the largest archipelagic countries in the world, has diversity ranging from ethnicity, language, and religion to culture. A basic reference is needed in life to maintain the integrity of the Indonesian state from the diversity of the characteristics of its people. Bhinneka Tunggal Ika is one of the basic attitudes of Indonesian society, which has been raised since the 9th century. The development of the Bhinneka Tunggal Ika measurement tool is important to describe the attitude of Indonesian society towards diversity (multicultural).

Objective:

This article aims to examine the psychometric property of the Bhinneka Tunggal Ika scale to fulfill the standardization of accurate measurement.

Methods:

Confirmatory Factor Analysis is a method used to validate each dimension and its reliability.

Results:

Samples in this study consisted of 361 samples, 69.3% of whom were women with an age range of 17 to 63 years, average age 27.87 (SD = 12,594). The Bhinneka Tunggal Ika scale produces three dimensions, namely tolerance, justice and gotong royong. All dimensions have met the criteria of statistical validity.

Conclusion:

Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the Bhinneka Tunggal Ika scale has fulfilled good psychometric properties. It can be proven from evidence validity based on content, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and reliability analysis.
Relationship between Parental Head Circumference and Birth Type: A Pilot Study
Authors: Haeri Seyed Mohammad Jafar , Vakilian Katayon , Moslemi Azam , Maleki Mahshid , Babazadeh-Zavieh Seyedeh Saeideh , Bayat Mohammad
Published: January 2024

Aim:

Is there an association between Parental Head Circumference and Birth Type?

Background:

A mismatch between fetal size, especially the fetal head, with the mother's pelvis, also known as cephalo-pelvic disproportion (CPD), can lead to obstructed labor and, ultimately, cesarean section. However, so far, not much focus has been done on the father's anthropometric indices along with maternal anthropometric indices, especially head circumference (HC) and pelvic dimensions in the birth type and prediction of cesarean risk.

Objective:

In this study, anthropometric parameters of parents, such as height, weight, HC, and pelvic circumference and their relationships with the birth type in the first pregnancy, have been studied.

Methods:

This cross-sectional pilot study was conducted on healthy couples over 18 years of age. The mothers were primiparous, which had their first and full pregnancies with natural vaginal delivery or cesarean section (without elective cesarean). A trained expert measured the anthropometric data of parents, and the babies ‘data were collected from the neonatal record. Result: 33 cases completed full-term pregnancy, and of these mothers, 23 (69.7%) experienced natural vaginal deliveries (NVD) and 10 (30.3%) cesarean section (CS). The mean of the parent's HC in the CS group was significantly higher than those in the NVD group.

Conclusion:

The results showed that an increased average size of the parent's HC, especially in the mother with a smaller pelvic size, can logically increase the risk of cesarean section.
Trends in Risk Factors for Peripartum Depression in Socio-economically Disadvantaged Childbearing Community
Authors: Fletcher-Slater Rachel , Peters Dominique , Garg Malika , Thanik Erin , Garland Elizabeth
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Perinatal depression is defined as a depressive episode(s) during the pregnancy and/or postpartum period up to one year. Studies have shown that childbearing people in urban settings experience a higher burden of social factors, such as low socioeconomic status, which may influence the likelihood of developing perinatal depression. Of note, episodes of perinatal depression have been shown to negatively impact child development. Our study has identified population trends in Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) scores >10 during perinatal periods alongside significant social risk factors for people served by LSA Family Health Service providing skilled home-based nursing visits to reduce adverse outcomes.

Methods:

A retrospective chart review of nursing notes from 2009-2017 was conducted for this cross-sectional study. Outcome measures included antepartum (AP) and postpartum (PP) Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) scores, with a score of > 10, suggesting a positive risk for developing depression. Data were grouped and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS software (SPSS version 23). Data have been presented as yearly population percentages scoring >10 on their CES-D screen.

Results:

The maternal outreach program (MOP) enrolled 1,183 birthing individuals from 2009-2017. The mean parental age was 27 years. 70% were Latinx (n=829) and 20.88% (n=247) were Black. Spanish was the primary language for 43.62% (n=516) of participants. Among CES-D screens completed in the antepartum period, 4.5% to 24.6% of the population met criteria over the 9-year study period for risk of developing depression. Positive CES-D screens completed postpartum ranging from 11.9% to 27.2% during the study period. Significant risk factors for positive postpartum CES-D screens were postpartum risk assessment score (p=0.03), increased gestational age (p=0.05), low income (p=0.03), teen/inexperienced parents (p=0.003), and low education levels (p=0.04).

Conclusion:

Trends of positive antepartum and postpartum depression screens in this population have fluctuated over the study period; however, we have identified significant risk factors for positive postpartum screens. Screening for postpartum depression risk factors is important to identify birthing parents who may most benefit from mental health interventions.
Eco-Friendly Management Options for Sesame Webworm (Antigastra catalaunalis Dup.)
Authors: Araya Alemu , Yohannes Tarekegn , Gebretsadikan Abraha , Fitiwy Ibrahim
Published: January 2024

Background:

Sesame (Sesamum indicumL; Pedaliaceae) is an important oilseed crop that contributes significantly to the Ethiopian economy through foreign exchange but it is heavily attacked by the sesame webworm which causes 83% yield loss.

Objective:

The aim was to evaluate efficacy of aqueous extracts of seven locally available bio-pesticides (Azadirachta indica, Lantana camara, Rumex patientia,Nicotiana glauca,Ricinus communis, Phytolacca dodecandra and Tagetes minuta) along with dimethoate 40% EC (standard test) and untreated control (only tap water) against sesame webworm (Antigastra catalaunalis) insect pest, and its effects on sesame yield and yield losses under outdoor conditions.

Methods:

Field experiment was conducted at Humera agricultural research center during the 2020 harvest season. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications and applied 3 times at 2-week intervals.

Results:

ANOVA results showed that all aqueous extracts were significantly (P<0.05) higher than the control. Uninterrupted growth of the test insect resulted in an incidence of 82.59%. However, it was decreased to 28.89% and 29.63% by sprayingA. indicaandR. Communisaqueous extracts.A. indicawas statistically equivalent toR. communisand dimethoate 40% EC in reducing damage to leaves (8.56%), flowers (10.20%), capsules (3.34%) and seeds (29.67%) yet significantly different from controls which scored 21.8%, 20.88%, 11.51%, and 79.34%, leaf, flower, capsule, and seed damage respectively.R. communisalso effectively condensed injuries on leaves (8.68%), flowers (12.64%), capsules (2.66%) and seeds (23.42%). Likewise, aqueous solutions ofA. indicashowed impressive yields (0.71 t ha-1) followed byR. communis(0.53 t ha-1) compared with the control (0.22 t ha-1). Yield increase over control was also higher forA. indica(222.73%) andR. communis(140.91%) compared to other treatments. The maximum (69.01%) estimated yield loss was recorded in control plots due to webworm invasion in sesame.

Conclusion:

From this result, it can be concluded thatA. indicaandR. communiscan be excellent substitutes for synthetic insecticides to increase sesame yield under outdoor conditions.
Effects of Bio-rational Insecticides on Diamondback Moth (Plutella xylostella L.) and Cabbage Aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) on Cabbage
Authors: Araya Alemu , Gebretsadkan Abraha , Fitiwy Ibrahim , Tewelde-berhan Sarah , Tadesse Tewodros
Published: January 2024

Background:

Cabbage is a subsistence crop for smallholder farmers in Ethiopia. Diamondback moths and cabbage aphids are among the devastating insects that cause yield losses of 90% and 30%.

Objective:

The aim was to test the efficacy of the bio-rational insecticides against diamondback moth and cabbage aphids, and their effect on cabbage yield and yield loss.

Methods:

A field experiment was conducted at the Gumsalasa micro dam with furrow irrigation during 2019/20 in Northern Ethiopia. Treatments were arranged in RCB design and replicated thrice. The experiment included five bio-rational insecticides; (R. obtusifolius), (P. dodecandra), (N. glauca), (T. minuta), (A. indica), Karate 5% EC (standard test), and control.

Results:

Phytolacca dodecandra aqueous leaf extract showed inspiring results, reducing diamondback moth larvae to 0.13 and aphid colonies to 0.16, 48 hours after the 4th spraying, leading to a higher (40.28 t ha-1) fresh cabbage yield followed byA.indica,which had reduced the invasion of diamondback moth and aphid colonies to 0.20 and 0.40 and the yield was recorded as 27.69 t ha-1compared with 2.46 and 5.53 diamondback moth and aphid colonies, and 23.86 t ha-1cabbage yield in the control group. Similarly, aqueous extracts ofP. dodecandrashowed a commendable yield (68.82%) increment over the control, and an estimated yield loss of 40.76% was recorded from the control plots due to the tested insect pests.

Conclusion:

This study concludes that foliar extracts ofP. dodecandracan be used as an alternative management option to replace synthetic insecticides and thereby maintain food security.
Professional Nurses’ Perceptions of Providing Contraceptives to Adolescents at Primary Healthcare Facilities in Lesotho
Authors: Mohai Nthatuoa Edith , Rabie Tinda , Neethling Verena , du Preez Antoinette
Published: January 2024

Background:

High adolescent pregnancy rates are evident in most countries, especially low- and middle-income countries like Lesotho, where contraceptive services are available at public facilities at no cost, yet adolescents still have a significant unmet need for contraception. In Lesotho, professional nurses are at the forefront of primary healthcare, including the provision of contraceptive services.

Objectives:

The objective of this study is to explore and describe professional nurses’ perceptions of providing contraceptives to adolescents at Primary Health Care facilities in Lesotho.

Methods:

A qualitative research strategy with exploratory and descriptive approaches was used. Purposive sampling of four primary healthcare facilities and an all-inclusive sampling of professional nurses employed at these primary healthcare facilities in the Mafeteng district of Lesotho were employed. Semi-structured open-ended interviews were done with 12 participants using an interview schedule. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.

Results:

Six categories with their respective themes emerged. The categories included: perceptions of contraception use, perceptions of consulting adolescents at primary healthcare facilities, perceptions of adolescent pregnancy, advice to adolescents using contraception, challenges to effective service provision, and improvement of service provision.

Conclusion:

Professional nurses were aware of the adolescents’ unmet need for contraception and their hesitancy when seeking contraceptive services. However, professional nurses support and encourage contraception use during adolescence because the early onset of sexual activity and adolescent pregnancy cannot be denied. Professional Nurses are faced with challenges in the Primary Health Care facility that have hindered their service provision, which needs to be addressed to improve service provision.
Senhora da Rocha e “Senhora da Terra” no processo restauracionista da Vilafrancada No bicentenário de Nossa Senhora da Aparecida (S. Fins do Torno, Lousada, antigo concelho de Unhão)
Authors: Tavares Pedro Vilas Boas
Published: January 2024

In this article, within the framework of traditional popular Marian devotion in the north of the country, the bicentenary of the discovery of a small image of the Virgin Mary, “appeared” in a grave, covered with earth, next to the chapel of Our Lady of Conceição de S. Fins do Torno (Lousada, former municipality of Unhão), is evoked, at the same time that a connection of meaning is established, with a secure, unexplored and unprecedented documentary base, between the image previously “appeared” in the caves of Carnaxide, of Senhora da Conceição da Rocha, seen as a providential harbinger of the events in Vilafrancada, and the discovery of this other image (at least until 1833 popularly referred to as Lady of the Earth), epochically interpreted as a happy sign of the consolidation of a third Restoration of the Portuguese monarchy.
Os leigos e os «santos vivos» redes e práticas devotas no Portugal moderno
Authors: Mendes Paula Almeida
Published: January 2024

Having as a backdrop the issues surrounding relationships and dialogues between lay people and “living saints”, in Portugal, between the end of the 15th century and the 17th century, this article draws attention to some cases that illustrate this framework, highlighting the construction of communication and devotion networks
Representação discursiva e orientação argumentativa em enunciados proferidos em uma situação de modalidade de discurso polêmico: as imagens do machismo e da misoginia
Authors: Gomes Alexandro Teixeira
Published: January 2024

Assuming that all discourse is ideological and marked by argumentation, this study aims to analyze the manifestations of machismo and misogyny in utterances involving a contro-versy stemming from a statement made by the Brazilian singer Zé Neto. On May 12, 2022, during a concert in the city of Sorriso, in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso, the singer, part of the sertanejo duo with Cristiano, delivered a speech in support of the then-president of Brazil, Jair Bolsonaro, and against the Rouanet Law. From his speech, we highlight the following excerpt: "We don't need to tat-too our 'toba' to show whether we're doing well or not; we simply come here and sing." This directly references a tattoo that the Brazilian singer Anitta has on her body. This episode triggered a discus-sion on social media characterized by misogynistic statements, which is the focus of our analysis. From a theoretical perspective, our study is primarily grounded in the works of Amossy (2017, 2018, 2020), Cavalcante et al (2020), Adam (2011), and Chapanski (2020). The results indicate a persistently prevalent discourse of sexism and misogyny, which must be addressed, along with any form of hate speech, as it places women in a situation of severe social vulnerability.
The Community Cultural Tourism: Linking Religious Tourism, Karawitan, and Local Business in Puhsarang, Kediri
Authors: Kristyanto Visi Saujaningati , Mawasti Alpi , Setyawan Annisa Alfa , Agung Deatri Arumsari , Memarista Gesti , Yuniarto Antonius
Published: January 2024

Puhsarang Village is one of the religious tourism destinations in Kediri District that has the uniqueness of inculturation (adaption of church values and culture) as well as a place for meditative encounters of religious people throughout the region. The pandemic has hit the existing tourism sector and resulted in a decrease in small business income around tourist attractions. Some of the businesses affected include souvenir shops, wood sculpture, food stalls, and ‘bumbu kacang’ peanut paste production. In an effort to support Puhsarang's economic potential, the community service team carried out two main activities, namely product improvement assistance and designing social media utilization and marketplace management for local businesses. Secondly, promoting the art of karawitan as a unique characteristic of the Puhsarang tourism village. The empowerment method is carried out collaboratively with the PALAR approach, starting from the process of discussing business problems to the stage of reflecting on the business going forward. The assistance provided by the CED Team is expected to be a forum to support Community Cultural Tourism through the participation of local communities in exploring the potential of religious tourism and cultural inculturation that characterizes Puhsarang and ultimately can foster economic stretching around the village of Puhsarang.
Factors That Influence Patient Satisfaction With the Service Quality of Home-Based Teleconsultation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Meng Guangxia , McAiney Carrie , McKillop Ian , Perlman Christopher M , Tsao Shu-Feng , Chen Helen
Published: January 2024

Background

Ontario stroke prevention clinics primarily held in-person visits before the COVID-19 pandemic and then had to shift to a home-based teleconsultation delivery model using telephone or video to provide services during the pandemic. This change may have affected service quality and patient experiences.

Objective

This study seeks to understand patient satisfaction with Ontario stroke prevention clinics’ rapid shift to a home-based teleconsultation delivery model used during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research question explores explanatory factors affecting patient satisfaction.

Methods

Using a cross-sectional service performance model, we surveyed patients who received telephone or video consultations at 2 Ontario stroke prevention clinics in 2021. This survey included closed- and open-ended questions. We used logistic regression and qualitative content analysis to understand factors affecting patient satisfaction with the quality of home-based teleconsultation services.

Results

The overall response rate to the web survey was 37.2% (128/344). The quantitative analysis was based on 110 responses, whereas the qualitative analysis included 97 responses. Logistic regression results revealed that responsiveness (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.034, 95% CI 0.006-0.188; P<.001) and empathy (AOR 0.116, 95% CI 0.017-0.800; P=.03) were significant factors negatively associated with low satisfaction (scores of 1, 2, or 3 out of 5). The only characteristic positively associated with low satisfaction was when survey consent was provided by the substitute decision maker (AOR 6.592, 95% CI 1.452-29.927; P=.02). In the qualitative content analysis, patients with both low and high global satisfaction scores shared the same factors of service dissatisfaction (assurance, reliability, and empathy). The main subcategories associated with dissatisfaction were missing clinical activities, inadequate communication, administrative process issues, and absence of personal connection. Conversely, the high-satisfaction group offered more positive feedback on assurance, reliability, and empathy, as well as on having a competent clinician, appropriate patient selection, and excellent communication and empathy skills.

Conclusions

The insights gained from this study can be considered when designing home-based teleconsultation services to enhance patient experiences in stroke prevention care.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Medical Grand Rounds Attendance: Comparison of In-Person and Remote Conferences (Preprint)
Authors: Monahan Ken , Gould Edward , Rice Todd , Wright Patty , Vasilevskis Eduard , Harrell Frank , Drago Monique , Mitchell Sarah
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Many academic medical centers transitioned from in-person to remote conferences due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but the impact on faculty attendance is unknown.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate changes in attendance at medical grand rounds (MGR) following the transition from an in-person to remote format and as a function of the COVID-19 census at Vanderbilt Medical Center.

METHODS

We obtained the faculty attendee characteristics from Department of Medicine records. Attendance was recorded using a SMS text message–based system. The daily COVID-19 census was recorded independently by hospital administration. The main attendance metric was the proportion of eligible faculty that attended each MGR. Comparisons were made for the entire cohort and for individual faculty.

RESULTS

The observation period was from March 2019 to June 2021 and included 101 MGR conferences with more than 600 eligible faculty. Overall attendance was unchanged during the in-person and remote formats (12,536/25,808, 48.6% vs 16,727/32,680, 51.2%; P=.44) and did not change significantly during a surge in the COVID-19 census. Individual faculty members attendance rates varied widely. Absolute differences between formats were less than –20% or greater than 20% for one-third (160/476, 33.6%) of faculty. Pulmonary or critical care faculty attendance increased during the remote format compared to in person (1450/2616, 55.4% vs 1004/2045, 49.1%; P<.001). A cloud-based digital archive of MGR lectures was accessed by <1% of faculty per conference.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall faculty attendance at MGR did not change following the transition to a remote format, regardless of the COVID-19 census, but individual attendance habits fluctuated in a bidirectional manner. Incentivizing the use of a digital archive may represent an opportunity to increase faculty consumption of MGR.
Physical Properties Investigations of Natural Rubber Composites Using Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) as Modifier of Local Clay Filler
Authors: Hasan Abu , Junaidi Robert , Yerizam Muhammad , Arifin Fatahul
Published: January 2024

Improved absorption of rubber backbone on filler surfaces is necessary to enhance the physical properties of rubber vulcanizate. One of the ways to repair the surface of the filler is through modifying using surfactant. Hence, this study aims to compare the physical properties of natural rubber vulcanizates using clay filler and modified clay with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The processes that were followed to achieve the objectives of this research were the design of rubber formulas, mastication and milling of rubber, and testing of the physical properties of rubber vulcanization. The clay characterization and its modification using FTIR and XRD were also carried out. Characterization using FTIR and XRD showed that there was indeed a clay modification with CTAB. Natural rubber compounds were also analyzed using SEM. The torque on the rheometer for modified clay with CTAB is 12.34 kg-cm higher than for original clay, which is 7.05 kg-cm. Elongation at break and tensile strength for vulcanizate using CTAB-modified clay filler is lower than that using original clay, with 300% modulus and hardness increase. Thus, clay modification using CTAB as a filler has a good effect on the curing characteristics and physical properties of natural rubber vulcanization compared to only using local clay as a filler.
Application of Nanocrystal Cellulose Based on Empty Palm Oil Fruit Bunch as Glucose Biosensing
Authors: Pranolo Sunu Herwi , Waluyo Joko , Ikbar Royhan , Damayanthy Ramanda Ayu , Lestary Septy , Qadarusman Muhammad Luqman
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Biosensors for glucose sensing purposes are important since diabetes is a worldwide disease. One of the components of glucose biosensors is cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). CNCs are cellulose derivatives that could be extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB). Indonesia has a high potential for OPEFB due to its abundance of resources. CNCs have poor conductivity as biosensors, so adding supporting electro-conductor components such as graphene and carbon nanotubes (G-CNT) is necessary. In this research, the amount of bleaching agent of H2O2 in CNCs extraction varies between 1.5% and 10%, and the portion of CNCs in the composite varies between 5%, 15%, and 30%. The purpose of this research is to create an optimum biosensor composite based on its CNCs quality through particle size analysis (PSA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests followed by cyclic voltammetry to determine biosensor’s impedance, limit of detection (LOD), and performance stability. Fourier transform infra red (FTIR) tests are also conducted as process control. The research shows the success of delignification in CNC extraction based on FTIR. Crystallinity enhancement up to 51% as delignification using 1.5% and 10% H2O2 yields CNC with a crystallinity index of 87.1% and 94.0%. The average size of CNCs with delignification by 1.5% and 10% H2O2 are 640.0 nm and 579.8 nm, respectively. Results of testing the biosensor glucose G-CNT/CNC showed the best composition is 5% CNCs that using 10% H2O2 which the highest oxidation peak is 0.00205 A and reduction peak is -0.00223 A. Data of variance composition show the difference of the data is significant by using ANOVA SPSS Test. The biosensor has an accuracy of 83.2% in a test for diabetic urine.
Mass Transfer of Natural Dye Extraction and the Degradation Rate
Authors: Mindaryani Aswati , Rahayuningsih Edia , Zahra Aulia , Wardani Erina Endah Kusuma
Published: January 2024

This research studied the effect of temperature on the mass transfer rate and degradation rate of natural dye extraction. As the representative, two natural dyes extracted from Senduduk and Susupan Gunung plants were employed. Senduduk and Susupan Gunung are weed plants that are often found in peatlands. Susupan Gunung is easily found in South Kalimantan, and local people use it as a natural dye for handicraft products. Senduduk is often found in the South Sumatra area also used as a natural dye for traditional fabrics. Senduduk and Susupan Gunung were extracted in a three-neck flask using water as a solvent at temperatures of 50°, 70°, and 90°C. Samples of the extract solution were taken at certain times until the tannin concentration was constant. The tannin concentration in the solution was analyzed using volumetric methods. Experimental data consists of tannin concentrations in solution at various times. The mass transfer coefficient, equilibrium constant, and tannin degradation rate constant were determined by minimizing the sum square of errors between experimental data and the model. Senduduk contains more tannin (0.0094 g/cm3 solution) than Susupan Gunung (0.0079 g/cm3 solution), and Senduduk has a higher mass transfer coefficient than Susupan Gunung. The higher the temperature, the greater the rate of tannin degradation. During the extraction process, extract of Senduduk and Susupan Gunung leaves are stable at 50°C, which tends to degrade faster at higher temperatures.
sgRNA design and in vitro nucleolytic analysis of the Cas9‐RNP complex for transgene‐free genome editing of the eIF4E1 gene from Capsicum an‐ nuum L.
Authors: Tham Josefanny , Patisenah Alfred , Tjia Tommy Octavianus Soetrisno , Signorelli Santiago , Taufik Intan , Meitha Karlia
Published: January 2024

Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is a highly valued vegetable, renowned for its unique taste and aroma. However, chili production faces challenges in meeting the high demand due to infections caused by pathogens such as ChiVMV (potyvirus). Previous studies have suggested that chili eIF4E1 plays a crucial role in potyvirus gene transcription. Therefore, this study explores the potential of CRISPR‐Cas9‐based genome editing to enhance chili resistance by introducing premature stop codons or truncated proteins. Two sgRNAs were designed, targeting the first and second intron of the eIF4E1 gene. The production of Cas9 protein was assessed with varying IPTG concentrations in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), carrying 4xNLS‐pMJ915v2‐sfGFP plasmid with a TEV protease cut‐site at the N terminal. The findings indicate that the optimal IPTG concentration is 500 µM. Purification using an IMAC column confirmed the presence of Cas9 in the initial 2 mL of the eluted fractions, as indicated by numerous background proteins. Nevertheless, successful formation of Cas9‐RNP complexes was achieved for both sgRNAs. The nucleolytic activity of Tag‐Cas9 (carrying the MBP‐tag) and Cas9 was confirmed through in vitro endonuclease activity assays. The next step involved transfecting chili protoplasts with these RNP complexes to edit the chili eIF4E1 gene.
Increasing Productivity in Planting Indigofera Tinctoria Plant Seeds as Producers of Natural Dyes in Pacarejo Village, Semanu, Gunung Kidul, D.I. Yogyakarta
Authors: Supriadianto Supriadianto
Published: January 2024

The Community Service Activity (PPM) of Gadjah Mada University based on a Foster Village Development that has been conducted entitled “The Enhancement of the Productivity in Planting Indigofera Tinktoria Plant Seeds on Agricultural Land as a Producer of Natural Dyes in Pacarejo Village, Semanu District, Gunung Kidul Regency, D.I. Yogyakarta” is the second year of the Foster Village Program activity. This activity continues because it still needs strengthening and retraining directly in the field, so that Indigofera plant seeds can grow satisfactorily. Thus the Indigofera plant can be utilized as a whole to produce natural dyes and increase the people's economic revenue in Pagarejo Village in order to continue the welfare of the community.The outputs expected by the Village-Based Community Service Program Team in the second year of Pacarejo Village in order to achieve an independent village, including: 1). Realization of a Cooperation Agreement (PKS) for planting Indigofera tinctoria in an area of at least two hectares; 2). Development of a planting system, plant care, and harvesting methods with optimal and sustainable quality; and 3). The availability of natural dye raw materials from Indigofera tinctoria leaves that meet raw material quality standards and are sustainable. This activity aims to increase the productivity of farmers for Indigofera plant nurseries on agricultural land in order to expand the sustainable welfare. The methods used in the Fostered Village-Based Community Service Program in Pacarejo Village are Socialization, Group Discussion Forums (FGD), Training, and Direct Assistance. Keywords: indigofera tinctoria, natural dyes, foster villages
Capacity Building and Participation of Private Health Centers in Tuberculosis Case-Finding in Bangli Regency, Bali Province
Authors: Yuliyatni Putu Cintya Denny
Published: January 2024

The 2017-2019 Bangli District Health Office  data shows that Tuberculosis (TB) case finding in Bangli District was below the national target. An evaluation of TB surveillance found that the participation of private health services in reporting and finding TB cases remained low in Bangli. Based on this finding, a workshop on in strengthening private health service networks in Bangli was conducted online. The topics delivered in the workshop included TB case finding through the public private mix, the role of private services in TB case finding and the results of the evaluation of the TB surveillance system in Bangli District. The workshop was attended by 47 participants from various private health services in Bangli. The workshop was evaluated using a questionnaire measuring knowledge of TB and TB surveillance. The result shows that most of the respondents had good knowledge of TB and TB surveillance systems; however, the low participation rate which was only 50% of the target, made it important to send a summary of workshop materials designed in the form of booklets. These booklets have been distributed to all private health services, especially those who did not participate in the workshop to increase knowledge and willingness to participate in TB case finding in Bangli District.
Optimasi kondisi operasi pembuatan adsorben ampas singkong untuk pemurnian minyak jelantah dan aplikasinya sebagai sabun cair cuci tangan
Authors: Safitri Elsa Vira , Amalia Rizka
Published: January 2024

Ampas singkong merupakan limbah dari hasil industri pembuatan tepung tapioka yang belum dimanfaatkan dengan baik. Di dalam ampas singkong masih banyak komposisi kimia yang dapat dimanfaatkan, salah satunya yaitu serat lignoselulosa yang mengandung selulosa (36,6%), hemiselulosa (21,3%) dan lignin (17,3%). Pada penelitian ini ampas singkong akan dibuat menjadi adsorben karena kandungan selulosa yang tinggi pada ampas singkong berpotensi untuk menurunkan kadar asam lemak bebas pada minyak jelantah. Dalam hal ini, adsorben akan digunakan untuk memurnikan minyak jelantah dan hasil dari pemurnian miyak jelantah akan dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan dasar dalam pembuatan sabun cair cuci tangan.  Pada penelitian ini akan dikaji mengenai pengaruh waktu oven, suhu oven dan ukuran partikel terhadap hasil kadar asam lemak bebas dan kapasitas adsorpsi adsorben. Hasil percobaan menunjukan bahwa variabel bebas yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kapasitas adsorpsi adsorben dan asam lemak bebas adalah ukuran partikel, Hal ini dibuktikan dari hasil nilai efek variabel bebas yang paling besar yaitu 96 terhadap kapasitas adsorpsi adsorben dan 0,144 terhadap kadar asam lemak bebas. Kondisi optimum untuk mendapatkan kapasitas adsorpsi adsorben dan kadar asam lemak bebas dengan nilai terbaik didapat pada percobaan ke 8 dengan suhu oven 120oC, waktu oven 5 jam dan ukuran partikel 120 mesh dimana nilai kapasitas adsorpsi  adsorben sebesar 238,93 mg/g dan kadar asam lemak bebas sebesar 0,1024 %. Kualitas sabun cair cuci tangan yang dihasilkan dari hasil optimal pemurnian minyak jelantah sesuai dengan standar SNI yaitu diperoleh nilai pH 9,07, tinggi busa 35,5 mm dan hasil uji organoleptik yaitu bentuk cairan homogen, bau yang khas seperti campuran minyak dan KOH serta warna kuning bening.
Optimasi kondisi operasi pembuatan plastik biodegradable dari selulosa tongkol jagung dan pati kulit singkong dengan penambahan PVa dan TiO2 sebagai smart packaging
Authors: Wening Dian Nirmala , Amalia Rizka
Published: January 2024

Plastik biodegradable merupakan plastik yang terbuat dari bahan yang mudah diuraikan .Tongkol jagung mengandung kadar selulosa sebesar 41%, Kandungan pati  kulit singkong berkisar 22-59%. Pada proses ektraksi selulosa dengan penambahan NaOH menghasilkan kadar selulosa yakni 68,15%. Penambahan plasticizer  untuk meningkatkan permeabilitas uap air dan elongasi salah satunya menggunakan plasticizer  PVa. TiO2 mempunyai sifat antibakteri, tidak beracun, dan murah. Pada penelitian ini akan dikaji optimasi kondisi operasi pembuatan plastik biodegradable dari selulosa tongkol jagung dan pati kulit singkong dengan penambahan PVa dan TiO2 sebagai smart packaging terhadap ketahanan air, biodegradabilitas, daya kekuatan, elongasi  dan antioksidan. Hasil terbaik yang di dapatkan pada uji daya serap pada percobaan ke-7 di dapatkan hasil terendah yaitu 17.02%. lalu untuk nilai biodegradasi tertinggi  pada percobaan ke-2 dengan presentase sebesar 60,19 sesuai dengan SNI degradasi dari plastik biodegradable yaitu sebesar > 60 % selama 1 minggu. Kemudian nilai kuat tarik tertinggi pada percobaan ke-6 dengan presentase sebesar 2.99 sesuai dengan nilai standar kuat tarik film bioplastik minimal 4 KgF/cm2 atau 0,392 Mpa (JIS 2-1707). Untuk nilai elongasi tertinggi pada percobaan ke-5 dengan presentase sebesar 2.99.Pada uji antioksidan apel yang dibungkus dengan plastik biodegradable dengan kandungan TiO2 dan selulosa tongkol jagungyang tinggi lebih tahan lama.
The effect of the addition combination of chicken eggshell adsorbents (Gallus gallus domesticus) and siwalan fiber (Borassus flabellifer) on the adsorption process of used cooking oil
Authors: Siswanto Anggun Puspitarini , Khasanah Siti Khofifatul
Published: January 2024

Cooking oil is a daily necessity. Repeated use of oil with high heating temperatures (200-250°C) can result in oxidation and polymerization processes in the oil. Cooking oil purification is carried out by the adsorption method which utilizes cellulose content in coconut coir and CaCO3 in eggshell so that it can meet SNI 3741:2013. In this study, the adsorption process was carried out using siwalan coir adsorbents activated by 9% ZnCl2 and eggshell adsorbents which were activated using a 600oC furnace for 3 hours. This study was handled using a factorial 23 experimental design and it was found that the adsorption spin time variable was the influential variable. The results of this study were per SNI 3741:2013 with an FFA concentration of 0.3049% and a peroxide value of 2 mekO2/kg with a mass of adsorbent for siwalan coir and shells of 2: 10 gram, the optimum time was 69 minutes. Analysis of the findings of the optimization sample which has a specific gravity of 0.91 gram/cm3, a clear yellow color, and a moisture content of 0.083%.
Women’s Empowerment in Madura Villages: Examining Female Resistance within the Patriarchal Power Structure and Political Dynasties
Authors: Hamida Aliya Hamida , Rahmawati Aminah Dewi , Mulyaningsih Hetti
Published: January 2024

The position of village head (klebun) in Madura is predominantly held by men, suggesting patriarchal power and political dynasties. This study explores how women klebuns responded to the situation by empowering themselves and other women. The analysis uses qualitative descriptive methods and Foucault’s theory of power and legitimacy. Data was collected from observations of 11 women klebuns and in-depth interviews with four of them. The findings reveal that female klebuns face a choice between being extensions of their male relatives or being leaders themselves. To challenge the patriarchal constructs, they strategically use political influence, establish relationships with officials, and seek support from legal aid institutions. These efforts were made to address the issue of village security centering around the Madurese people in order to regain public trust. The study unveils the complexity of women’s empowerment in Madura’s male-dominated political landscape. This encouraged female klebuns to strive and transform the social and political dynamics, advocating for gender equality and challenging existing power structures. This research offers insights into promoting women’s political empowerment at the village level, and fostering gender equity in local governance, inspiring change in Madura and beyond.
Challenges on Party Institutionalization: The Broken Linkage of Three Faces of Party in the National Democrats on Promoting Renewable Energy Bill
Authors: Astanujati Nicolas Kriswinara , Trinanda Ghea Anissah
Published: January 2024

This article explores institutionalization challenges in the National Democrats (NasDem) Party in promoting the Renewable Energy Bill, viewed from the party’s three faces. NasDem is strategically involved in policy decision-making in the Indonesian parliament, but the three faces of the party are yet to be seen. Despite being established over a decade ago, the direction of institutionalization is still transforming, especially in the linkage between public office and the party at the grassroots. The research question is: How do the three faces of the party in NasDem impact the challenges of institutionalization? Drawing from the Renewable Energy Bill case studies, we argue that three challenges exist. First, a personalistic party’s strong influence leads to failure in two-way communications, especially at the grassroots. Second, the vision of the renewable energy law was notimplemented at the grassroots because the party had to focus on regional policies. Third, although the renewable energy vision has not been fully implemented, the idea of ‘green politics’ has been realized by the party wing at the grassroots through the political education program.