bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Self-Assembled Gold Nanoparticle Bound Amino Hydroxy Mercaptopurine Hybrids as Sensors for DNA Binding
Authors: Lundell Sarah A. , Brown Alexandra M. , Santora Anthony M. , Romanelli Steven M. , Banerjee Ipsita A.
Published: November 2017

A new amphiphilic bio-organic material was developed by conjugating the xanthine oxidase inhibitor, 2-amino-6-hydroxy-8-mercaptopurine (AMHP) with the naturally occurring polyphenol coumaric acid (CA). The formed product, AMHP-CA was allowed to self-assemble at a pH range of 4 through 8. Nanospheres or fibrous assemblies ranging upto micrometers in length were formed, depending upon growth conditions. Furthermore, it was found that the assemblies biomimetically formed gold nanoparticles on its surfaces resulting in AMHP-CA-AuNP hybrids. The DNA sensing ability of the AuNP bound AMHP-CA assemblies was investigated at varying concentrations by studying the changes in conformations of salmon milt DNA by CD spectroscopy and by examining live binding with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis. AuNP bound AMHP-CA assemblies had significantly increased DNA sensing ability and SPR signal compared to binding interactions in the absence of AuNPs. Thus, in this study it was found that AMHP-CA-AuNP assemblies may function as biosensors for DNA detection.
Psychological factors in oral mucosal and orofacial pain conditions
Authors: Alrashdan Mohammad S. , Alkhader Mustafa
Published: November 2017

The psychological aspects of chronic pain conditions represent a key component of the pain experience, and orofacial pain conditions are not an exception. In this review, we highlight how psychological factors affect some common oral mucosal and orofacial pain conditions (namely, oral lichen planus, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, burning mouth syndrome, and temporomandibular disorders) with emphasis on the significance of supplementing classical biomedical treatment modalities with appropriate psychological counseling to improve treatment outcomes in targeted patients. A literature search restricted to reports with highest relevance to the selected mucosal and orofacial pain conditions was carried out to retrieve data.
Abutment misfit in implant-supported prostheses manufactured by casting technique: An integrative review
Authors: Pereira Lorena M. S. , Sordi Mariane B. , Magini Ricardo S. , Calazans Duarte Antônio R. , Souza Júlio C. M.
Published: November 2017

The aim of this study was to perform an integrative review of the literature on the clinically usual prosthesis-abutment misfit over implant-supported structures manufactured by conventional casting technique. The present integrative review used the PRISMA methodology. A bibliographical search was conducted on the following electronic databases: MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine), Scopus (Elsevier), ScienceDirect (Elsevier), Web of Science (Thomson Reuters Scientific), Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information (BIREME), and Virtual Health Library (BVS). A total of 11 relevant studies were selected for qualitative analysis. The prosthetic-abutment vertical misfit considered clinically usual ranged from 50 to 160 μm. The vertical misfit depends on several steps during technical manufacturing techniques, which includes the materials and technical procedures. Lower values in misfit are recorded when precious metal or titanium alloys are utilized. Although a vertical misfit mean value of 100 μm has been considered clinically usual, most of the previous studies included in this revision showed lower mean values.
Smartphone application as an aid in determination of caries risk and prevention: A pilot study
Authors: Panchal Veerale , Gurunathan Deepa , Shanmugaavel A. k.
Published: November 2017

Objective: To assess the dietary and oral hygiene pattern before and after the usage of cariometer app. Materials and Methods: Dietary score recorded by cariometer was assessed for 7 days for preschool children in the age group of 2–6 years. The frequency of brushing and mouth rinsing was assessed before and after the usage of app. Paired t-test was conducted to compare the dietary score, brushing frequency, and rinsing frequency pre and post the use of the app. Results: There was a significant improvement in the dietary pattern followed by the patients at the day 7 as compared to day 1. About 90% of children brushed twice at day 7 of the use of cariometer. There was a significant increase in the frequency of rinsing after meals at day 7 as compared to day 1 of the use of cariometer. Conclusion: There was a significant improvement in the dietary pattern and the oral hygiene habit after the use of app.
Prosthodontic maintenance and peri-implant tissue conditions for telescopic attachment-retained mandibular implant overdenture: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Keshk Ahmed Mohamed , Alqutaibi Ahmed Yaseen , Algabri Radhwan S. , Swedan Mostafa S. , Kaddah Amal
Published: November 2017

The mandibular implant-retained overdentures (MIRO) are a highly successful prosthetic treatment option. However, an argument still present regarding its design and type of attachment system. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to perform a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the scientific literature regarding the telescopic attachments versus other attachment systems retaining mandibular implant overdentures. Manual and electronic database (PubMed and Cochrane) searches were performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing telescopic versus other attachment systems. Independently, two investigators extracted the trials' data. The Cochrane tool was used for assessing the quality of included studies. Meta-analyses were performed for the included RCTs and reported the same outcome measures. Nine RCTs were identified. Three RCTs (corresponding to four publications) were included in the study. The other five trials were excluded from the study. The meta-analysis revealed no difference between telescopic crowns and ball attachment retaining mandibular implant overdenture as regards prosthodontic maintenance. Regarding peri-implant conditions, ball-retained mandibular overdenture showed statistically significant more probing depth around implants records in ball-retained overdenture when compared to the telescopic group. However, there are no statistically significant differences between two interventions in regard to marginal bone loss, bleeding index, gingival index, and plaque index. In conclusions, no significant differences in prosthodontic maintenance and peri-implant condition between telescopic attachments and ball attachments retaining MIRO. However, this should be considered with caution because of a limited number of included studies.
Effectiveness of platelet-rich fibrin in the management of pain and delayed wound healing associated with established alveolar osteitis (dry socket)
Authors: Sharma Ashish , Aggarwal Nimish , Rastogi Sanjay , Choudhury Rupshikha , Tripathi Siddhi
Published: November 2017

Objective: To assess the efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the pain and healing of the extraction socket related with established alveolar osteitis (dry socket, AO) after the removal of maxillary and mandibular molars. Materials and Methods: One hundred consecutive adult patients with age group ranging from 18 to 40 years along with established dry socket after maxillary and mandibular molar extractions who have not received any treatment for the same were included in this single-arm clinical trial. PRF was placed in the maxillary and mandibular molar extraction sockets after adequate irrigation of the socket. All the patients evaluated for the various study variables which include pain, degree of inflammation, and healthy granulation tissue formation (wound healing) at the 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 14th post-PRF placement day in the alveolar socket. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk's test, Chi-square test and/or Student's t-test, Friedman's test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Bonferroni test, with the significance level set at P < 0.05. Results: There was significant reduction in pain associated with AO at the 3rd and 7th post-PRF placement day in the extraction socket along with mark decrease in the degree of inflammation at the 3rd post-PRF placement day, and there was better wound healing by the end of the 2nd week. Conclusion: The use of PRF in this clinical trial illustrates the promising results in terms of reduced pain and better healing in the patients with sustained AO.
The clinical evaluation of platelet-rich plasma on free gingival graft's donor site wound healing
Authors: Samani Mahmoud Khosravi , Saberi Bardia Vadiati , Ali Tabatabaei S. M. , Moghadam Mahdjoube Goldani
Published: November 2017

Objective: It has been proved that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can promote wound healing. In this way, PRP can be advantageous in periodontal plastic surgeries, free gingival graft (FGG) being one such surgery. Materials and Methods: In this randomized split-mouth controlled trial, 10 patients who needed bilateral FGG were selected, and two donor sites were randomly assigned to experience either natural healing or healing-assisted with PRP. The outcome was assessed based on the comparison of the extent of wound closure, Manchester scale, Landry healing scale, visual analog scale, and tissue thickness between the study groups at different time intervals. Statistical Analysis Used: Repeated measurements of analysis of variance and paired t-test were used. Statistical significance was P ≤ 0.05. Results: Significant differences between the study groups and also across different time intervals were seen in all parameters except for the changes in tissue thickness. Conclusion: PRP accelerates the healing process of wounds and reduces the healing time.
Fashion on Television
Authors: Warner Helen
Published: November 2017

Fashion on Television provides a comprehensive critical examination of the intersection between fashion, television and celebrity culture. The book brings together theoretical approaches to the symbolic force of television and fashion-forward programming on a global scale.

Examining case studies such as Sex and the City, Gossip Girl, Ugly Betty and Mad Men, the book examines how TV has made style icons out of leading actresses and fashion-conscious consumers out of audiences. Using a varied methodology, including textual and contextual analysis, this study explores the cultural uses of onscreen fashion at the level of industry, text and intertext.

Fashion on Television is essential reading for those seeking to understand the cultural function of costume in a television context. Written accessibly with a multi-disciplinary approach, it will appeal to students and scholars from film and media, fashion and cultural studies, to sociology and women's studies.
Cool Shades
Authors: Brown Vanessa
Published: November 2017

Cool Shades provides the first in-depth exploration of the enduring appeal of sunglasses in visual culture, both historically and today.

Ubiquitous in fashion, advertising, film and graphic design, sunglasses are the ultimate signifier of 'cool' in mass culture; a powerful attribute pervading much fashion and pop cultural imagery which has received little scholarly attention until now.

Accessible and highly engaging, this book offers an original history of how sunglasses became a fashion accessory in the early twentieth century, and addresses the complex variety of meanings they have the power to articulate, through associations with vision, light, glamour, darkness, fashion, speed and technology in the context of modernity.

Cool Shades will be of great interest to students of fashion, design, visual and material culture, cultural studies and sociology, as well as general readers fascinated by this iconic fashion staple.
Data assimilation of GNSS zenith total delays from a Nordic processing centre
Authors: Lindskog Magnus , Ridal Martin , Thorsteinsson Sigurdur , Ning Tong
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Atmospheric moisture-related information estimated from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) ground-based receiver stations by the Nordic GNSS Analysis Centre (NGAA) have been used within a state-of-the-art kilometre-scale numerical weather prediction system. Different processing techniques have been implemented to derive the moisture-related GNSS information in the form of zenith total delays (ZTDs) and these are described and compared. In addition full-scale data assimilation and modelling experiments have been carried out to investigate the impact of utilizing moisture-related GNSS data from the NGAA processing centre on a numerical weather prediction (NWP) model initial state and on the ensuing forecast quality. The sensitivity of results to aspects of the data processing, station density, bias-correction and data assimilation have been investigated. Results show benefits to forecast quality when using GNSS ZTD as an additional observation type. The results also show a sensitivity to thinning distance applied for GNSS ZTD observations but not to modifications to the number of predictors used in the variational bias correction applied. In addition, it is demonstrated that the assimilation of GNSS ZTD can benefit from more general data assimilation enhancements and that there is an interaction of GNSS ZTD with other types of observations used in the data assimilation. Future plans include further investigation of optimal thinning distances and application of more advanced data assimilation techniques.
Coral calcifying fluid aragonite saturation states derived from Raman spectroscopy
Authors: DeCarlo Thomas M. , D'Olivo Juan P. , Foster Taryn , Holcomb Michael , Becker Thomas , McCulloch Malcolm T.
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Quantifying the saturation state of aragonite (ΩAr) within the calcifying fluid of corals is critical for understanding their biomineralization process and sensitivity to environmental changes including ocean acidification. Recent advances in microscopy, microprobes, and isotope geochemistry enable the determination of calcifying fluid pH and [CO32−], but direct quantification of ΩAr (where ΩAr =  [CO32−][Ca2+]∕Ksp) has proved elusive. Here we test a new technique for deriving ΩAr based on Raman spectroscopy. First, we analysed abiogenic aragonite crystals precipitated under a range of ΩAr from 10 to 34, and we found a strong dependence of Raman peak width on ΩAr with no significant effects of other factors including pH, Mg∕Ca partitioning, and temperature. Validation of our Raman technique for corals is difficult because there are presently no direct measurements of calcifying fluid ΩAr available for comparison. However, Raman analysis of the international coral standard JCp-1 produced ΩAr of 12.3 ± 0.3, which we demonstrate is consistent with published skeletal Mg∕Ca, Sr∕Ca, B∕Ca, δ11B, and δ44Ca data. Raman measurements are rapid ( ≤  1 s), high-resolution ( ≤  1 µm), precise (derived ΩAr ± 1 to 2 per spectrum depending on instrument configuration), accurate ( ±2 if ΩAr < 20), and require minimal sample preparation, making the technique well suited for testing the sensitivity of coral calcifying fluid ΩAr to ocean acidification and warming using samples from natural and laboratory settings. To demonstrate this, we also show a high-resolution time series of ΩAr over multiple years of growth in a Porites skeleton from the Great Barrier Reef, and we evaluate the response of ΩAr in juvenile Acropora cultured under elevated CO2 and temperature.
Critical porosity of gas enclosure in polar firn independent of climate
Authors: Schaller Christoph Florian , Freitag Johannes , Eisen Olaf
Published: November 2017

Abstract. In order to interpret the paleoclimatic record stored in the air enclosed in polar ice cores, it is crucial to understand the fundamental lock-in process. Within the porous firn, bubbles are sealed continuously until the respective horizontal layer reaches a critical porosity. Present-day firn air models use a postulated temperature dependence of this value as the only parameter to adjust to the surrounding conditions of individual sites. However, no direct measurements of the firn microstructure could confirm these assumptions. Here we show that the critical porosity is a climate-independent constant by providing an extensive data set of micrometer-resolution 3-D X-ray computer tomographic measurements for ice cores representing different extremes of the temperature and accumulation ranges. We demonstrate why indirect measurements suggest a climatic dependence and substantiate our observations by applying percolation theory as a theoretical framework for bubble trapping. The incorporation of our results significantly influences the dating of trace gas records, changing gas-age–ice-age differences by up to more than 1000 years. This may further help resolve inconsistencies, such as differences between East Antarctic δ15N records (as a proxy for firn height) and model results. We expect our findings to be the basis for improved firn air and densification models, leading to lower dating uncertainties. The reduced coupling of proxies and surrounding conditions may allow for more sophisticated reinterpretations of trace gas records in terms of paleoclimatic changes and will benefit the development of new proxies, such as the air content as a marker of local insolation.
A Stalagmite Test of North Atlantic SST and Iberian Hydroclimate Linkages over the Last Two Glacial Cycles
Authors: Denniston Rhawn F. , Houts Amanda N. , Asmerom Yemane , Wanamaker Alan D. , Haws Jonathon A. , Polyak Victor J. , Thatcher Diana L. , Altan-Ochir Sestsen , Borowske Alyssa C. , Breitenbach Sebastian F. M. , Ummenhofer Caroline C. , Regala Frederico T. , Benedetti Michael M. , Bicho Nuno
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Close coupling of Iberian hydroclimate and North Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) during recent glacial periods has been identified through the analysis of marine sediment and pollen grains co-deposited on the Portuguese continental margin. These reconstructions have lacked a directly-dated, site-specific record of continental Iberian climate spanning multiple glacial cycles as a point of comparison. Here we present a high-resolution, multi-proxy (δ13C, δ234U, and growth dynamics) stalagmite record of hydroclimate from two caves in western Portugal across the majority of the last two glacial cycles (~230 ka). At orbital and millennial scales, stalagmite-based proxies of hydroclimate covaried with sea surface temperature (SST), with positive carbon isotope excursions and/or growth hiatuses indicating reduced effective moisture coincident with suppressed SST during major ice-rafted debris events and Greenland stadials, in agreement with changes in palynological reconstructions of continental climate. The Portuguese stalagmite record also reveal intervals during which the magnitudes of hydroclimate changes appear to have been somewhat decoupled from SST.
Source apportionment and sensitivity analysis: two methodologies with two different purposes
Authors: Clappier Alain , Belis Claudio A. , Pernigotti Denise , Thunis Philippe
Published: November 2017

Abstract. This work reviews the existing methodologies for source apportionment and sensitivity analysis to identify key differences and stress their implicit limitations. The emphasis is laid on the differences between source impacts (sensitivity analysis) and contributions (source apportionment) obtained by using four different methodologies: brute-force top-down, brute-force bottom-up, tagged species and decoupled direct method (DDM). A simple theoretical example to compare these approaches is used highlighting differences and potential implications for policy. When the relationships between concentration and emissions are linear, impacts and contributions are equivalent concepts. In this case, source apportionment and sensitivity analysis may be used indifferently for both air quality planning purposes and quantifying source contributions. However, this study demonstrates that when the relationship between emissions and concentrations is nonlinear, sensitivity approaches are not suitable to retrieve source contributions and source apportionment methods are not appropriate to evaluate the impact of abatement strategies. A quantification of the potential nonlinearities should therefore be the first step prior to source apportionment or planning applications, to prevent any limitations in their use. When nonlinearity is mild, these limitations may, however, be acceptable in the context of the other uncertainties inherent to complex models. Moreover, when using sensitivity analysis for planning, it is important to note that, under nonlinear circumstances, the calculated impacts will only provide information for the exact conditions (e.g. emission reduction share) that are simulated.
Improved meteorology and surface energy fluxes in mesoscale modelling using adjusted initial vertical soil moisture profiles
Authors: Gómez Igor , Caselles Vicente , Estrela María José , Sánchez Juan Manuel , Rubio Eva , Miró Juan Javier
Published: November 2017

Abstract. The Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) is being used for different and diverse purposes, ranging from atmospheric and dispersion of pollutants forecasting to agricultural meteorology and ecological modelling as well as for hydrological purposes, among others. The current paper presents a comprehensive assessment of the RAMS forecasts, comparing the results not only with observed standard surface meteorological variables, measured at FLUXNET stations and other portable and permanent weather stations located over the region of study, but also with non-standard observed variables, such as the surface energy fluxes, with the aim of evaluating the surface energy budget and its relation with a proper representation of standard observations and key physical processes for a wide range of applications. In this regard, RAMS is assessed against in-situ surface observations during a selected period within July 2011 over Eastern Spain. In addition, the simulation results are also compared with different surface remote sensing data derived from the Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) (MSG-SEVIRI) as well as the uncoupled Land Surface Models (LSM) Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS). Both datasets complement the available in-situ observations and are used in the current study as the reference or ground truth when no observations are available on a selected location. Several sensitivity tests have been performed involving the initial soil moisture content, by adjusting this parameter in the vertical soil profile ranging from the most superficial soil layers to those located deeper underground. A refined adjustment of this parameter in the initialization of the model has shown to better represent the observed surface energy fluxes. The results obtained also show an improvement in the model forecasts found in previous studies in relation to standard observations, such as the air temperature and the moisture fields. Therefore, the application of a drier or wetter soil in distinct soil layers within the whole vertical soil profile has been found to be crucial in order to produce a better agreement between the simulation and the observations, thus reiterating the determining role of the initial soil moisture field in mesoscale modelling, but in this case considering the variation of this parameter vertically.
Simple scaling of extreme precipitation in North America
Authors: Innocenti Silvia , Mailhot Alain , Frigon Anne
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Extreme precipitation is highly variable in space and time. It is therefore important to characterize precipitation intensity distributions on several temporal and spatial scales. This is a key issue in infrastructure design and risk analysis, for which intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves are the standard tools used for describing the relationships among extreme rainfall intensities, their frequencies, and their durations. Simple scaling (SS) models, characterizing the relationships among extreme probability distributions at several durations, represent a powerful means for improving IDF estimates. This study tested SS models for approximately 2700 stations in North America. Annual maximum series (AMS) over various duration intervals from 15 min to 7 days were considered. The range of validity, magnitude, and spatial variability of the estimated scaling exponents were investigated. Results provide additional guidance for the influence of both local geographical characteristics, such as topography, and regional climatic features on precipitation scaling. Generalized extreme-value (GEV) distributions based on SS models were also examined. Results demonstrate an improvement of GEV parameter estimates, especially for the shape parameter, when data from different durations were pooled under the SS hypothesis.
Stream flow simulation and verification in ungauged zones by coupling hydrological and hydrodynamic models: a case study of the Poyang Lake ungauged zone
Authors: Zhang Ling , Lu Jianzhong , Chen Xiaoling , Liang Dong , Fu Xiaokang , Sauvage Sabine , Sanchez Perez José-Miguel
Published: November 2017

Abstract. To solve the problem of estimating and verifying stream flow without direct observation data, we estimated stream flow in ungauged zones by coupling a hydrological model with a hydrodynamic model, using the Poyang Lake basin as a test case. To simulate the stream flow of the ungauged zone, we built a soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model for the entire catchment area covering the upstream gauged area and ungauged zone, and then calibrated the SWAT model using the data in the gauged area. To verify the results, we built two hydrodynamic scenarios (the original and adjusted scenarios) for Poyang Lake using the Delft3D model. In the original scenario, the upstream boundary condition is the observed stream flow from the upstream gauged area, while, in the adjusted scenario, it is the sum of the observed stream flow from the gauged area and the simulated stream flow from the ungauged zone. The experimental results showed that there is a stronger correlation and lower bias (R2 = 0.81, PBIAS  =  10.00 %) between the observed and simulated stream flow in the adjusted scenario compared to that (R2 = 0.77, PBIAS  =  20.10 %) in the original scenario, suggesting the simulated stream flow of the ungauged zone is reasonable. Using this method, we estimated the stream flow of the Poyang Lake ungauged zone as 16.4 ± 6.2 billion m3 a−1, representing ∼ 11.24 % of the annual total water yield of the entire watershed. Of the annual water yield, 70 % (11.48 billion m3 a−1) is concentrated in the wet season, while 30 % (4.92 billion m3 a−1) comes from the dry season. The ungauged stream flow significantly improves the water balance with the closing error decreased by 13.48 billion m3 a−1 (10.10 % of the total annual water resource) from 30.20 ± 9.1 billion m3 a−1 (20.10 % of the total annual water resource) to 16.72 ± 8.53 billion m3 a−1 (10.00 % of the total annual water resource). The method can be extended to other lake, river, or ocean basins where observation data is unavailable.
Analytical solution for viscous incompressible Stokes flow in a spherical shell
Authors: Thieulot Cedric
Published: November 2017

Abstract. I present a new family of analytical flow solutions to the incompressible Stokes equation in a spherical shell. The velocity is tangential to both inner and outer boundaries, the viscosity is radial and of the power-law type, and the solution has been designed so that the expressions for velocity, pressure, and body force are simple polynomials and therefore simple to implement in (geodynamics) codes. Various flow average values, e.g., the root mean square velocity, are analytically computed. This forms the basis of a numerical benchmark for convection codes and I have implemented it in two finite-element codes: ASPECT and ELEFANT. I report error convergence rates for velocity and pressure.
Orden Mundial y tecnología. Análisis institucional desde la perspectiva geopolítica en la semiperiferia: la tecnología espacial y de misiles en Argentina y Brasil
Authors: Blinder Daniel
Published: November 2017

El presente artículo busca definir, comprender y explicar la relación existente entre el Orden Mundial, la política exterior, y la cuestión tecnológica desde una perspectiva geopolítica. Las estructuras del Orden Mundial, las jerarquías establecidas, las relaciones de poder y los códigos geopolíticos de los Estados Nacionales le imprimen determinadas características al desarrollo tecnológico, así como sus significados hacia la política doméstica y externa. La cuestión tecnológica y su desarrollo está relacionado directamente con las políticas llevadas a cabo por las unidades estatales y otros actores del sistema internacional, pero a su vez éstas están condicionadas por el sistema internacional que los contiene, el Orden Mundial. Toda política tecnológica de un Estado es una política interna, y es también lo que se denomina política externa. En este artículo se mostrará a partir de los ejemplos de las tecnologías misilística y espacial de Argentina y Brasil cómo la política tecnológica es una política de poder, cómo se relaciona con el sistema internacional, que incluye la política exterior para su desarrollo, y que la separación exterior/doméstico explica cómo operan los gobiernos, pero no el orden geopolítico que excede la dimensión estatal.
Espessura Institucional Transfronteiriça na Raia Ibérica
Authors: Lange Emily
Published: November 2017

A cooperação transfronteiriça procura contribuir para o desenvolvimento das regiões transfronteiriças, sendo esta ação levada a cabo por instituições e estruturas específicas. Estas instituições são atores no terreno e desempenham um papel cada vez mais fundamental na questão do esbatimento de assimetrias regionais, bem como nas decisões de processos territoriais. Este artigo foca a sua análise num cruzamento entre o lado hard e soft da cooperação transfronteiriça a partir das instituições que a promovem. Esboça o estado da espessura institucional transfronteiriça, entendida como o conjunto de estruturas de cooperação transfronteiriça ativas na fronteira, as suas interações e o ambiente de cooperação resultante. Considera tanto o capital institucional, bem como o capital relacional emergente em três contextos: fronteira geral (Raia Ibérica), regional (Galiza-Norte) e local (Chaves-Verín). A partir de trabalho empírico quantitativo e qualitativo, é possível tirar uma primeira conclusão: a espessura institucional transfronteiriça da Raia Ibérica não é homogénea ao longo da fronteira. De um modo geral é pouco espessa, mas encontra-se em construção. Os aspetos relacionais são mais difíceis de promover e estudar, por isso carecem de maior atenção por parte de académicos, mas também por parte dos atores que investem e promovem a cooperação transfronteiriça.
Las metamorfosis del don: ofrenda, sacrificio, gracia, substituto técnico de Dios y vida regalada
Authors: Berian Razquin Josetxo
Published: November 2017

El presente trabajo aborda críticamente el análisis del concepto de sacrificio frente a los enfoques puramente taxonómico-clasificatorios obsesionados con clasificar sin determinar previamente lo que es el sacrificio o frente  a los enfoques puramente éticos que reducen el sacrificio a una expresión inmolatoria de la barbarie primitiva frente a la civilización. El trabajo analiza el sistema de intercambio de regalos no sacrificial como algo característico de los grupos de cazadores y recolectores. Entre los grupos agropastorales, sin embargo, el surgimiento del altar y la separación entre “el otro mundo” y “este mundo”, crearán una diferencia clara diferencia entre los dioses y los hombres y una manera de comunicación nueva entre ellos a través del sacrificio, como lo han puesto de manifiesto, Henry Hubert y Marcel Mauss a comienzos del XX y Marcel Hénaff recientemente. El final de la fascinación procedente de las ceremonias centradas en la inmolación propias del sacrificio da lugar a metamorfosis religiosas del sacrificio como oración (Guy Stroumsa) y como gracia (Marcel Hénaff), a dos importantes registros narrativos de interpretación del cristianismo, por una parte, el que analiza la variante ética de un movimiento de sacralización antisacrificial centrado en la figura de la víctima, representado por René Girad, y, por otra parte, el que subraya la novedad mito-simbólica que procede de considerar la “vida como regalo”, representado por Talcott Parsons, que redefine y actualiza la propuesta de Mauss de 1924, y, finalmente, a metamorfosis seculares presentes en el propio intercambio económico (Niklas Luhmann y Georg Simmel) y last but not least en los intercambios ceremoniales del mundo de la vida (Jacques T. Godbout).
Aproximación a la vinculación entre la economía creativa y la crisis de la democracia representativa
Authors: Roche Cárcel Juan A.
Published: November 2017

A partir de la teoría de la acción creativa de Joas, que presenta un carácter novedoso y que rescata la noción de creatividad como un tema esencial de la teoría sociológica, este artículo se propone como objetivo analizar si el sistema económico global ha comercializado y desustancializado la creatividad, vaciándola de sentido y colaborando, de este modo, en la profundización de la crisis de las democracias representativas y de sus valores. Para ello, previamente, se definirán e interrelacionarán los conceptos de “crisis”, “democracia representativa” y “creatividad”. Se comprobará que la economía creativa ha generado nuevas desigualdades entre ricos y pobres y entre los Estados creativos y los no creativos, agrandado la brecha entre el mercado y el Estado, entre la política y la economía, entre el capitalismo y la democracia representativa. E incluso ha activado las contradicciones propias del capitalismo, esto es, ha profundizado en la crisis, la decadencia y el colapso de la democracia. En este sentido, la creatividad no puede verse hoy únicamente como una tabla de salvación de las múltiples dificultades e incertidumbres que asolan a las democracias representativas. Es también, y conviene no olvidarlo, una fuente de intensificación de esos mismos problemas, al tiempo que generadora de otros nuevos, no previstos.
El modelo de empleo juvenil en España (2013-2016)
Authors: Cabasés Piqué M. Àngels , Pardell Veà Agnès , Serés Alex
Published: November 2017

El objetivo de este artículo, en primer lugar, es caracterizar el “modelo” de empleo precario en el que actualmente están inmersas las personas jóvenes menores de 30 años en España. Mediante estadísticas oficiales y, particularmente, con la Muestra Continua de Vidas Laborales 2015, bajo una perspectiva longitudinal y con un test bootstrap sampling, se contrasta que dicho “modelo” se basa en la temporalidad, en la jornada a tiempo parcial, en la sobrecualificación y en los bajos salarios. Y, además, se advierte que la precariedad es más intensa que en otras generaciones. En segundo lugar, se analiza la implantación de la Garantía Juvenil en España, en el período 2013-2016, iniciativa europea que insta a ofrecer una oferta de empleo o formativa a los menores de 30 años en el plazo de cuatro meses, a partir de su situación de desempleo o finalización de sus estudios y/o formación, con la finalidad de mejorar su empleabilidad y/o facilitarles su acceso a un contrato de trabajo. Las evaluaciones analizadas confirman que no es una garantía de empleo y no se han alcanzado los objetivos fijados por la Recomendación europea.
Quality Improvement of Iron Ore Jasper by Selective Milling
Authors: Souza Erivelto Luis de , Dos Reis Orimar Batista , Pereira Denise Fonseca
Published: November 2017

One of the most important factors during the process of comminution of minerals is their power consumption rate, which is determined by calculating the WI (work index), which in short is to analyze the amount of kWh consumed per ton of material, to reach a certain particle size and achieve the desired. Along with the quality of the ore is defined and use the classification of the ore. Ores of jaspelite type, high hardness, and with lower iron content 60% with silica content above 10.5%, tends to be considered economically unsuitable for merger cases in the Brazilian market. The work presented here consists of a technique that acts by transforming this type of ore at an acceptable quality product and with a lower power consumption than the previously calculated by WI analysis. The procedure presented here recovers a quantity of more than 75% by weight, taking an ore 56% Fe, for an average content of 65% SiO2 and lowering the 10% to 4.5%. Although reducing by 50% the amount of phosphorus present. The procedure presented here using known methods, but with a variation with respect to the operation, which gives you innovative character, acting together with a selective screening.
CAR SHARING AS AN ELEMENT OF SUSTAINABLE URBAN
MOBILITY: SOME CONCLUSIONS FOR POLISH CITIES
Authors: Wołek Marcin
Published: November 2017

Passenger car has influenced the development of urban space and results
in the consolidation of unreasonable division of transport tasks. The traditional
model of its use causes that on a daily basis it is used extensively, contributing,
among others in increasing the demand for parking spaces. Car sharing creates
the opportunity to increase the efficiency of car usage. Technological developments
(teleinformatics, electromobility, vehicle autonomy), behavioral changes,
and environmental conditions are the reasons for the emergence of new types
of car sharing that allow new stakeholders to be included in the business model.
Research conducted in US and Western European cities shows that car sharing
has significant potential for replacing some private cars as well as a faster increase
in the number of electric vehicles.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE REPOSE ANGLE AND POROSITY OF GRANULAR PLANT MATERIALS ON THE ANGLE OF INTERNAL FRICTION AND COHESION
Authors: WÓJCIK Artur , FRĄCZEK Jarosław
Published: November 2017

Internal friction in granular plant materials is a very complex phenomenon. This is due to a vast number of factors that determine the behaviour of these materials. This article looks at exploring the impact of porosity, the repose angle, and moisture on the value of the internal friction angle and cohesion. Statistical analysis showed that the influence of the examined factors on the parameters of friction is statistically significant. Nonlinear estimation was performed, which allowed developing functions describing the mentioned relationship, for which the goodness-of-fit (depending on the material type) ranged from 0.813 to 0.915 for the internal friction angle and from 0.748 to 0.963 in the case of cohesion. It has been found that internal friction and cohesion need further research that will take into account additional factors defining the examined material in a more accurate manner.
On finding the source of human energy: The influence of famous quotations on willpower
Authors: Alcoba Jesús , López Laura
Published: November 2017

Positive psychology focuses on aspects that human beings can improve, thereby enhancing their growth and happiness. One of these aspects is willpower, a quality that has been demonstrated to have various benefits on people, as widely shown in the literature. As a result, a growing body of research is attempting to establish the conditions under which an individual’s willpower can be increased. This work attempts to confirm whether the famous quotations that people often use to inspire or motivate themselves can have a real effect on willpower. Two experiments were conducted assigning randomly subjects to a group and priming them with famous quotations, and afterwards comparing their performance in a willpower task with a control group. The second experiment added a willpower depletion task before priming. As a result, primed subjects endured the willpower task significantly more time than control group, demonstrating that famous quotations related to willpower help to increase this capacity and to counteract the effect of willpower depletion.
The effects of maltreatment in childhood on working memory capacity in adulthood
Authors: Dodaj Arta , Krajina Marijana , Sesar Kristina , Šimić Nataša
Published: November 2017

The aim of this study was to research the relation between exposure to maltreatment in childhood and working memory capacity in adulthood. A survey among 376 females in the age between 16 and 67 was administered. Exposure to maltreatment in childhood (sexual, physical and psychological abuse, neglect and witnessing family violence) was assessed retrospectively using the Child Maltreatment Questionnaire (Karlović, Buljan-Flander, & Vranić, 2001), whilst the Working Memory Questionnaire (Vallat-Azouvi, Pradat-Diehl, & Azouvi, 2012) was used to assess working memory capacity (recalling verbal information, numerical information, attention ability and executive functioning). The results suggest a significantly greater prevalence of physical abuse and witnessing family violence in comparison to other forms of maltreatment in childhood. Psychological abuse and witnessing family violence have shown themselves to be statistically significant predictors for deficits in total working memory capacity, verbal recall and attention ability. The results suggest that traumatic experiences during childhood, such as abuse, may trigger particular cognitive changes which may be reflected in adulthood. It is, therefore, exceedingly important to conduct further research in order to contribute to the understanding of the correlation between cognitive difficulties and maltreatment in childhood.
The influence of planning and response inhibition on cognitive functioning of non-psychotic unipolar depressed suicide attempters
Authors: Moniz Marco , de Jesus Saul Neves , Pacheco Andreia , Gonçalves Eduardo , Viseu João , Brás Marta , Silva Dina , Batista Sílvia
Published: November 2017

Depression is one of the main risk factors for suicide. However, little is known about the intricate relationships among depressive symptomatology in unipolar depression, suicide risk, and the characteristics of executive dysfunction in depressed patients. We compared 20 non-psychotic unipolar depressed suicide attempters to 20 matching depressed non-attempters and to 20 healthy controls to further investigate the possible differences in neuropsychological performance. Depressed subjects were controlled for current suicidal ideation, and their neuropsychological profile was assessed using a range of measures of executive functioning, attention, verbal memory, processing speed, and psychomotor speed. Depressed groups were outperformed by healthy controls. Depressed attempters presented more cognitive impairment than depressed non-attempters on a simple Go/No-go response inhibition task and performed better than non-attempters on the Tower of London planning task. Depressed attempters were clearly distinguished by a deficit in response inhibition (Go/No-go commission errors). The normative planning performance (Tower of London extra moves) of the suicide attempters was unexpected, and this unanticipated finding calls for further research. Normative planning may indicate an increased risk of suicidal behavior.
Moral foundations and voting intention in Italy
Authors: Milesi Patrizia
Published: November 2017

Based on the view of morality proposed by the Moral Foundations Theory, this paper investigates whether voting intention is associated with moral foundation endorsement in not perfectly bipolar electoral contexts. Three studies carried out in Italy from 2010 to 2013, showed that controlling for ideological orientation, moral foundation endorsement is associated with voting intention. In Study 1 and 3, in fictitious and real national elections, intention to vote for right-wing political groups rather than for left-wing rivals was associated with Sanctity, confirming previous results obtained in the U.S. Furthermore, as a function of the specific competing political groups in each of the examined contexts other moral foundations predicted voting intention. In Study 1, Care and Authority predicted voting intention for the major political groups rather than for an autonomist party that aimed at decreasing central government’s fiscal power in favor of fiscal regional autonomy. In Study 3, Loyalty predicted the intention to vote for the major parliamentarian parties rather than for a movement that aimed at capturing disaffection towards traditional politics. In Study 2, at real regional elections, Loyalty predicted voting intention for the incumbent right-wing governor rather than for the challengers and Fairness predicted voting intention for left-wing extra-parliamentarian political groups rather than for the major left-wing party. Thus multiple moral concerns can be associated with voting intention. In fragmented and unstable electoral contexts, at each election the context of the competing political groups may elicit specific moral concerns that can contribute to affect voting intention beyond ideological orientation.
Conceptual referents, personality traits and income-happiness relationship: An empirical investigation
Authors: Hussain Dilwar
Published: November 2017

One of the ongoing debates in social indicator and subjective well-being research is concerned with the weak relationship between objective (such as income) and subjective indicators of well-being (such as life satisfaction). Empirical studies show that the relationship between subjective and the traditional objective well-being indicators is weak. This relationship is found to be very complex and far from clear. The present study tries to shed lights behind the complexity of the relationship between income and subjective well-being (SWB) by bringing into the analysis some alternative factors such as heterogeneity in the human perception and purpose of life (conceptual referent theory) and personality traits. Conceptual referent theory of happiness proposes that people differ in their conceptual referent for a happy life and this referent plays a significant role in their judgment about happiness and life satisfaction. Results of this cross-sectional survey based on 500 individuals residing in rural and urban areas indicate that the relationship between income and life satisfaction is not very strong. Furthermore, the relationship between income and life satisfaction is contingent on a person’s conceptual referent for happiness. This study suggests that income seems to have a significant influence on life satisfaction for some people (especially with outer oriented referents) and insignificant influence for other people (especially holding inner oriented referents). Additionally, neuroticism personality trait was able to further explain the relationship between income and life satisfaction. It was observed that the individuals with higher level of neuroticism tend to get a lower level of satisfaction from income rise as compared to individuals with lower level of neuroticism.