bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perfil Epidemiológico da Mortalidade Materna no Município de Imperatriz-MA
Authors: Barcelos Simili Amanda , Sampaio Souza Aloiso , Araújo-Gomes Rafaela Cristina , Fontenele Moraes da Silva Lorrany , Fontoura Guilherme Martins Gomes , Bertolini Serafim de Carvalho Katerine , Zolinda Cantão Chaves Karlla
Published: April 2022

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o perfil dos óbitos maternos no município de Imperatriz, Maranhão, em um período de 10 anos, compreendendo os anos de 2008 a 2017. Caracteriza-se como um estudo descritivo, quantitativo e retrospectivo que avaliou variáveis sociodemográficas, dados clínicos e obstétricos das mulheres que foram à óbito materno, além das causas de morte. Prevaleceram entre as mortes maternas: mulheres de 30 a 39 anos; raça parda; com oito a 11 anos de escolaridade; com igual prevalência de gestantes com e sem companheiro; primigestas; donas de casa; que realizaram de quatro a seis consultas pré-natais; principalmente ocorrendo durante a gravidez, parto ou aborto; no hospital; tendo recebido assistência médica durante a doença que levou à morte; sendo a maioria por causas obstétricas diretas, com destaque para a pré-eclâmpsia e eclampsia. Os resultados mostraram que a mortalidade materna refletiu as falhas existentes no serviço de saúde pública, principalmente no que diz respeito à saúde da mulher. Este estudo poderá contribuir para a elaboração de políticas públicas e implantação de estratégias para reduzir o número de mortes maternas na cidade.
 
Palavras-chave: Mortalidade Materna. Obstetrícia. Saúde da Mulher.
 
Abstract
This study aim to analyze the profile of maternal deaths in the municipality of Imperatriz, Maranhão, over a period of 10 years, covering the years of 2008 to 2017. It is characterized as a descriptive, quantitative and retrospective study that evaluated sociodemographic variables, clinical and obstetric data of women who died of maternal death, in addition to the causes of death. Prevailed among maternal deaths: women aged 30 to 39; brown race; with eight to 11 years of schooling; with equal prevalence of pregnant women with and without a partner; primiparous; Housewives; who performed four to six prenatal consultations; mainly occurring during pregnancy, childbirth or abortion; no hospital; having received medical assistance during an illness that led to death; most of them due to direct obstetric causes, with emphasis on pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. The results induced that mortality reflected maternal as existing failures in the public health service, mainly with regard to women's health. This study can contribute to the preparation of public policies and the implementation of a reduction to reduce the number of maternal deaths in the city.
 
Keywords: Maternal Mortality. Obstetrics. Women's Health.
Bal Arısı Sperma Sulandırıcısına Katılan Shilajitin Spermanın Dondurulması Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: ÖZKÖK Arda Onur , YALÇIN Burcu , SELCUK Murat
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, bal arısı (Apis melifera) sperma sulandırıcısına katılan farklı dozlardaki (%0, 5, 10, 15, 20) shilajitin (S) motilite, plazma membran bütünlüğü ve akrozom bütünlüğü parametreleri üzerine etkilerini belirlemektir. Çalışmada, 5 grup ve her bir grupta 5’er adet koloni olmak üzere toplam 25 adet koloni kullanıldı. Kontrol grubu (S-0), bal arısı sulandırıcısına shilajit ilavesi yapılmayan grubu oluşturmaktadır. S-1, S-2, S-3 ve S-4 grupları ise bal arısı sulandırıcısına sırasıyla %5, 10, 15 ve 20 shilajit ilaveli gruplar olarak oluşturuldu. Gün aşırı beslenen yaklaşık 25 adet koloni içerisinde 14-21 günlük yaşta bulunan yaklaşık 400 erkek arıdan sperma toplandı ve sıvı azot buharında dondurularak, -196°C sıvı azot içerisinde yaklaşık 7 ay süre ile saklandı. Bu süre sonunda dondurulan numuneler 37°C’ de çözdürülerek ilgili parametreler yönünden incelendi. Diğer gruplar ile karşılaştırıldığında, S-3 ve S-4 gruplarının sperma motilite değerini arttırdığı (p<0.05); S-2, S-3 ve S-4 gruplarının plazma membran bütünlüğünü arttırdığı tespit edildi. Sulandırıcıya farklı dozlarda shilajit ilave edilen gruplarda, kontrol grubuna kıyasla akrozom bütünlüğününün önemli derecede korunduğu belirlendi (p<0.01). Sonuç olarak, bal arısı sulandırıcısına farklı dozlardaki shilajitin spermatolojik parametreler üzerine olumlu etkileri olduğu saptandı.
Refinement in Asian blepharoplasty for the aging
Authors: Chuangsuwanich Apirag
Published: April 2022

Signs of an aging face beginning at the periorbital region are easily noticeable and may require surgical correction. The hanging of upper eyelids, tired look, and sunken upper eyelids are common symptoms and signs. Most of the described techniques of blepharoplasty for the aging emphasize on the excision of the hanging eyelid skin which will leave patients with long scar. However, eyebrow and eyelid ptosis are common among aging people. Therefore, undertaking only an upper blepharoplasty does not necessarily yield good aesthetic results. This paper describes a modified blepharoplasty technique with limited incision. The operation also includes eyebrow reposition and/or correction of eyelid ptosis that further improve results. An asymmetry of the frontalis muscle could cause asymmetry in the eyelid folds post-operatively. However, botulinum toxin injection may correct this problem.
Clinical and dermoscopic features of nevi in patients with psoriasis
Authors: Ilina Natalia Glebovna , Krinitsuna Yulia Mihailovna , Taganov Aleksey Viktorovich , Tulupov Andrey Aleksandrovich , Kolesnikova Irina Stanislavovna , Yudkin Dmitry Vladimirovich , Sergeeva Irina Gennadievna
Published: April 2022

The aim of the present study is to display the clinical and dermoscopic features of melanocytic nevi of more than 5 mm in diameter in psoriasis patients. A total of 32 patients with psoriasis (21 male, 11 female; average age 37.4) formed the first study group. In 22 patients (68.8%), melanocytic nevi of 5 mm in diameter and bigger (total of 68 nevi) were clinically found. For a randomized trial, 100 people (21 male, 79 female; average age 27.8) without psoriasis were invited to form the second study group. Only 37 of them had nevi ≥5 mm in diameter (total of 60 nevi). Complete questionnaire, full body photometric skin examination, dermoscopy examination on the dermatoscope HEINE MINI 10X with 70% ethyl alcohol immersion, skin type identification according to the Fitzpatrick classification, and nevi assessment according to ABCD and ABC rules were obtained for all recruited people. Our study showed that patients with psoriasis are more susceptible to melanocytic nevi of >5 mm in diameter (68.8%), while the result for the second group was 37%. As for nevi of dysplastic criteria, we found 32% in psoriasis patients vs. 42% in the monitoring group. Moreover, we should bear in mind the influencing factors of skin phototype II and artificial insolation (e.g., tanning, PUVA (Psoralen and ultraviolet A), and narrowband phototherapy 311 nm) obtained by the patients from the first group.
Stability Indicating RP-HPLC Method Development and Validation for Bosentan in Pharmaceutical Formulations
Authors: YAMAN Mehmet Emrah , ATİLA Alptuğ , KADIOĞLU Yücel
Published: April 2022

The development and validation of a novel, simple, and quick HPLC technique for measuring bosentan in pharmaceutical formulations was performed. The technique parameters were tuned to be 1 mL/min flow rate, variable column temperature, and a mobile phase combination of methanol-acetonitrile-water (20:50:30 v/v/v) to carry out this study. All measurements were carried out with a UV detector at a wavelength of 272 nm. Specificity, the limit of quantitation (LOQ), limit of detection (LOD), linearity, accuracy, precision, stability, recovery, and ruggedness were all tested. The technique was linear between 0.25 and 20 µg/mL, with precision (RSD%) and accuracy (RE%) of less than 3.0 and 2.7%, respectively. The LOQ and LOD values of method were 0.25 and 0.1 µg/mL, respectively. The 10 µg/mL of standard bosentan solution was found to be moderately stable in acidic and basic settings (0.1 M HCl and 0.1 M NaOH) but unstable in an oxidative environment (H2O2 solution; 3%). No interference from tablet excipients was observed in the HPLC method. The approach was successfully applied to pharmaceutical formulations obtained from a local pharmacy store.
Novel Functional Axially Substituted Silicon (IV) Phthalocyanine Derivative and its Photochemical Properties
Authors: YANIK Hülya , EKİNEKER Gülçin
Published: April 2022

Photodynamic therapy is a highly specific and clinically approved method in which a non-toxic photosensitizer drug is administered to the patient for cancer treatment. Phthalocyanines with their long wavelength absorption and fluorescence from 650 to 800 nm can be used as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy and are used in clinical trials. In this study, functional novel axially substituted silicon (IV) phthalocyanine (PS-2) was synthesized. Unsubstituted dichlorosilicon (IV) phthalocyanine was synthesized from 1,3-diiminoisoindoline via cyclotetramerization. The axial substitution reaction was carried out using dichlorosilicon (IV) phthalocyanine and excess of N-Boc-ethanolamine. Structural characterization of this novel PS-2 by FT-IR, mass, 1H NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopy were performed. Photochemical properties (photo degradation quantum yields (d) and singlet oxygen quantum yield () of PS-2, which are the first steps for cancer treatment, were investigated.
Déterminants socio-économiques du changement des pratiques dans la plateforme de chaîne de valeur du riz étuvé à Malanville, Bénin
Authors: Zoundji Gérard C. , Zossou Espérance , Alokpo Emmanuel , Vodouhe Simplice
Published: April 2022

Au Bénin, l'étuvage traditionnel est encore largement pratiqué par les transformateurs de riz, ce qui impacte négativement la qualité du riz. A travers la mise en place d’une plateforme d’innovation dans la commune de Malanville, une nouvelle technologie d’étuvage a été introduite pour améliorer le rendement à l'usinage et la qualité du riz local. Cette étude a analysé les déterminants du changement des pratiques d’étuvage du riz au niveau de la plateforme. Des entretiens semi-structurés et structurés ont été réalisés avec 200 femmes transformatrices (étuveuses). Les résultats ont montré que la plateforme d’innovation a permis un changement des pratiques d’étuvage conduisant à une amélioration de la qualité du riz. De plus, l’analyse du modèle logit binomiale a montré l’existence de certains facteurs extrinsèques (contexte social, innovation) aux étuveuses et qui ont contribué au changement de pratique d’étuvage du riz. Ainsi, cette étude suggère la promotion des plateformes d’innovation dans les zones rizicoles afin d’améliorer la qualité du riz local au Bénin.
Geophysical and Hydrochemical Studies to Map Saltwater Infiltration into Freshwater aquifers: A case study of Ikoyi, Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Airen O. J. , Babaiwa D. A.
Published: April 2022

A total of three electrical imaging lines were measured using the Wenner configuration. And a total of fifteen VES was carried out within the area of investigation and six water samples was collected. The results were presented as profiles, model sections, inverted sections and tables. Interpretations of these results involve both qualitative and quantitative deductions from 1D and 2D geoelectric models and laboratory analysis for the water analysis. The VES data were processed by partial curve matching to generate the 1st order geoelectric parameters and inverted in 1D using the WinResist. The 2D resistivity data were processed by inversion using the DIPROFWIN to generate the 2D resistivity section across each traverse while the water samples were taken to the laboratory for comprehensive analysis. The 2D resistivity structures reveal the lateral and the vertical subsurface information with resistivity values ranging from 0.130 to 4741 Ωm. The resistivity values are representative of the clay, clay (saline), clayey sand (saline), clayey sand and sand. From the quantitative interpretation five to six distinct layers were identified. The layers are: topsoil, clayey sand, clay, saline clayey sand, saline clay and sand. The resistivity of the topsoil varies from 38.2 Ωm to 155.3 Ohm-m. The resistivity of the sand varies from 100.8 Ωm to 115.8 Ωm. The resistivity of clayey sand varies from 56.6 Ωm to 90.1 Ωm. The resistivity of clay varies from 12.7 Ωm to 41.2 Ωm. The resistivity of the saline layer (saline clayey sand/clay) varies from 2.1 Ωm to 51.2 Ωm. The depth of saline clay interface varies from 25.7 m to 72.6 m. The depth to the saline clayey sand interface varies from 25.7 - 72.6 m. The chemical analysis of water samples showed that the pH varies from 7.05 to 8.42, total dissolved solids vary from 1786 to 2116 mg/L and electrical conductivity varies from 2106 to 2656 µS/cm. The anions and cation concentrations such as Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl- and HCO3- ranges from 158 to 185 mg/L, 36 to 48 mg/L, 222 to 287 mg/L, 3.2 to 3.8 mg/L, 10.86 to 20.87 mg/L and 2.33 to 3.88 mg/L respectively. The ratio of Cl/HCO3- ion ranges from 4.05 to 7.67. The interpreted results show saline water intrusion where they occur in different part of the area investigated. The results showed the effectiveness and usefulness of electrical resistivity method in mapping saline water intrusion problem in coastal areas. However, it is necessary to carry out integrated geophysical surveys involving electrical resistivity and induced polarization methods prior to drilling in the study area.
Thyroid check-up of people over 18 living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), malnourished followed at Notre Dame des Apôtres Hospital in Sarh / Chad
Authors: Behanzin Justin G. , Soudonou Odile , SOGAN Clarisse , Agbo Evrard , Sezan Alphonse
Published: April 2022

Malnutrition and Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquire Immunodeciency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) are public health problems. HIV/AIDS continues to have severe consequences for the nutrition, food security, and other socioeconomic aspects of HIV-infected individuals. The objective of our study is to evaluate the correlation between HIV infection, malnutrition, and thyroid disorders in malnourished people living with HIV/AIDS followed at Notre Dame des Apôtres Hospital in Sarh/Chad. The study included 36 malnourished people living with HIV/AIDS over 18 years of age, followed at the People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLWHIV) ward. Our study population consisted of females with 75 percent of cases with a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.33. The most represented age group was between 32 and 59 years. We performed a thyroid assessment of each patient by measuring biochemical parameters such as Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Tri-iodothyronin (T3) and Tetra-iodothyronin (T4). The results obtained showed 61.76 percent of thyroid dysfunction prevalence with 11.76 percent primary hypothyroidism, 2.94 percent subclinical hypothyroidism, 5.88 percent TSH-mediated hyperthyroidism, and 41.18 percent central hypothyroidism. As a result, the cases of thyroid dysfunction were high noticed in the age group between 32 and 45 years. Furthermore, the assessment showed that 67 percent of the cases were women. From these results, we can conclude that the combination of the two conditions, malnutrition and HIV infection, weakens the immune system, thus giving way to other opportunistic diseases.
Études De Lithostabilisation De La Latérite Avec La Dolérite De Mansadala (Sud-Est Du Sénégal) Pour Une Utilisation En Couche De Base De Chaussée
Authors: Massamba Ndiaye , Jean-Pierre Magnan , Lamine Cissé
Published: April 2022

Les sols latéritiques actuellement rencontrés sur le territoire sénégalais répondent mal aux exigences de qualité fixées par les règles de 2015 de l’Agence des Travaux et de Gestion des Routes du Sénégal (AGEROUTE-Sénégal) pour leur emploi en couche de base routière. Pour les utiliser dans cette couche, un traitement est nécessaire dans la plupart des chantiers courants au Sénégal.

Cet article étudie le comportement de ces matériaux latéritiques modifiés par traitement mécanique ou lithostabilisation par ajout de concassé de dolérite en provenance de Mansadala au sud-est du Sénégal. L’ajout de 20 % ou 25 % de ce matériau très peu utilisé en technique routière au Sénégal semble permettre l’utilisation du graveleux latéritique étudié en couche de base.

The lateritic soils currently encountered on Senegalese territory meet very little the quality requirements set by the 2015 rules of the Senegalese Road Works and Management Agency (AGEROUTE-Senegal) for their use as a road base layer. To use them in this layer, a treatment is necessary in most of the current construction sites in Senegal.

This article studies the behaviour of these lateritic materials, modified by mechanical treatment or lithostabilization by adding crushed dolerite from Mansadala in southern Senegal. The addition of 20% or 25% of this very little used material in road engineering in Senegal seems to make it possible to use the lateritic gravel studied as a base layer.
Financial Mechanisms in International Production Cooperation
Authors: Tussupova Tomiris
Published: April 2022

The analysis of modern foreign experience shows that the leading global manufacturers of high-tech goods do not seek to produce final products only on their own, but prefer production cooperation - placing production orders on the side, investing in logistics, creating global cooperation chains, etc. The development of International Production Cooperation (IPC) is an opportunity to strengthen the country's competitive advantages, regions, and individual enterprises, to expand their presence in the world markets. At the moment, individual methods and tools of financial support and stimulation of the IPC are weakly interconnected and not formed as part of a single financial mechanism. In this regard, such study as an essential component of the modern model of economic development is of particular relevance. The purpose of this article is to consider financial mechanisms in international production cooperation. The research methods are the analysis of modern sources, publications, and the formation of general questions on this topic.
Impact des facteurs éducatifs sur la croissance économique régionale au Maroc : Une approche par l’économétrie spatiale
Authors: Eradi Ahmed , Moflih Youssef
Published: April 2022

Ce papier examine les effets des facteurs éducatifs sur la croissance économique durant la période 2015-2019 dans les 12 régions marocaines. Pour ce faire, L’analyse des interactions spatiales se fait à travers le calcul des indices de Moran et LISA, ainsi, les approches d’économétrie spatiale SAR et SEM semblent être appropriés pour étudier l’effet de l’investissement public en matière de l’éducation sur la croissance économique en prenant en considération les retombées spatiales. Les résultats des interactions spatiales ont montré la persistance de l’état défavorable des régions vulnérables en termes du revenu, de financement et du rendement de l’éducation. L’investissement en capital a un effet plus positif et supérieur aux effets de l’investissement en matière de l’éducation et de la population active. L’investissement pourrait jouer un rôle plus important et contribue significativement dans la croissance économique des régions marocaines. Quelques politiques susceptibles de renforcer l'éducation et ses effets sur la croissance régionale sont proposés.

 

This paper examines the effects of educational factors on economic growth during the period 2015-2019 in the 12 Moroccan regions. In this framework, the analysis of spatial interactions is done through the calculation of Moran and LISA indices, thus, SAR and SEM spatial econometric models seem to be appropriate to study the impact of education on economic growth by considering spatial spillovers. The results of the spatial interactions showed the persistence of the unfavorable state of vulnerable regions in terms of income, financing and returns to education. Capital investment has a more positive and greater effect than the effects of education investment and labor force and thus investment could play a more important role in regional economic growth. Some policies that could enhance education and its effects on regional growth are proposed.
Centro Base de Recursos Educativos : CEBRE
Authors:   , Aliaga Tarrillo Andrea Melissa
Published: April 2022

La educación en el Perú, tiene dos grandes metas: 1. Mejorar el nivel de enseñanza y aprendizaje, y 2. Brindar espacios educativos de calidad para todas y para todos. Según el último ranking PISA (2018), nuestro país ocupa el puesto 65 de los 77 países que participaron en las pruebas de matemática, lenguaje y ciencias. En cuanto a la infraestructura (MINEDU, 2013): 15% de los colegios requieren ser sustituidos totalmente y 56% necesitan reforzamiento estructural. Como solución a esta problemática se propone un nuevo modelo escolar complementario a los colegios públicos: Centro Base de Recursos Educativos (CEBRE). Que, como su nombre lo sugiere, en un foco de abastecimiento que provee ausencias de ambientes y recursos educativos que colegios alrededor de su centro presentan, como: laboratorios de ciencias, biblioteca, talleres artístico culturales, talleres técnico productivos, salas de uso múltiple, espacio público y mobiliario. El objetivo del proyecto es asegurar la optimización de ambientes y recursos, por lo cual se plantea como énfasis arquitectónico la flexibilidad, porque permite la adaptación y/o integración de espacios. Los ambientes deben ser flexibles y adaptables en el tiempo según: los usuarios, la o las actividades que se realicen, y los horarios. La misión de este proyecto es brindar la mayor cantidad de espacios de aprendizaje de calidad, herramientas y equipos; para colegios públicos en necesidad y/o austeridad de ambientes educativos. Se busca que los estudiantes puedan reforzar lo aprendido en clase de manera didáctica, útil y significativa.
The Politics of Donor and Government Approaches to Social Protection and Humanitarian Policies for Assistance During Crises
Authors: Harvey Paul , Mohamed Habiba
Published: April 2022

This paper examines social protection policy processes in fragile and conflict-affected settings (FCAS). It explores what the policies of donor governments, aid agencies, and crisis-affected governments reveal about the politics of assistance during crises, and how aid agencies are navigating tensions between humanitarian and development approaches to social assistance. It finds that social protection policies are prone to conflict blindness. Commitments to state-building often ignore dilemmas inherent in supporting states that are parties to ongoing conflicts and the political rather than technical challenges involved. Government social protection policies in FCAS often make little mention of the fact that war or conflict are taking place.
Youth Active Citizenship for Decent Jobs: A Handbook for Policy & Practice
Authors: Mpofu David , Ndiweni Michael , Moyo Kwanele , Wadzai Samuel , Oosterom Marjoke
Published: April 2022

This Handbook has been created for development partners and civil society actors that design and implement youth employment interventions, particularly in contexts marked by fragility and political-economic crises. Youth employment programmes usually strengthen young people’s business and entrepreneurship skills. They fail to consider the civic and political competencies needed by young people in order to negotiate fair, safe, and decent working conditions and influence the wider policy environment for decent work. The Handbook offers suggestions for integrating youth active citizenship strategies into youth employment interventions, thus building young people’s civic and political skills. Adopting these strategies will strengthen the capacities of young people to engage both private sector and government actors, foster inclusion, and strengthen coalitions that can influence a enabling environment for decent jobs for youth. Recognising that many young people start their trade and businesses in theinformal economy, the Handbook takes their experiences as the point of departure. It is widely recognised that political economy matters for development and development interventions. This also applies to youth employment programming. Ideas in this Handbook recognise that politics influence youth employment opportunities. This is particularly the case in contexts commonly referred to as fragile, conflict-affected and violent settings (FCVS). Approaches to youth employment interventions need to respond to these dynamics to avoid that powerful actors capture them to serve their interests and avoid increasing risks to conflict. Moreover, the Covid-19 pandemic has proved that fragility is multidimensional and manifests in many countries across the globe. Early on in the pandemic, it quickly became clear that the informal economy would be hard hit. In addition, the challenging politics of FCVS influence opportunities for both formal and informal employment.
Groundwater: Making the Invisible Visible
Authors: Ozano Kim , Roby Andrew , MacDonald Alan , Upton Kirsty , Hepworth Nick , Gorman Clare , Matthews John , Dominique Kathleen , Trabacchi Chiara , Chijiutomi Chris , Tshabalala Zinhle , Joshi Deepa , Udalagama Upandha , Nicol Alan , GCR Water Security Hub
Published: April 2022

The theme for World Water Day 2022 is ‘Groundwater – Making the Invisible Visible’. Groundwater is water found underground in aquifers – geological formations of rocks, sands and gravels, that hold substantial quantities of water. Groundwater feeds springs, rivers, lakes and wetlands, and seeps into oceans. 80 percent of the world’s food depends on groundwater. It is recharged mainly from rain and snowfall infiltrating the ground, and can be extracted to the surface by pumps and wells.
Metode Bermain Dalam Pembelajaran Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Apriyani Nita
Published: April 2022

Pemebelajaran Pendidikan anak usia dini yaitu beroriantasi untuk perkembangan dan kebutuhan anak. Para guru harus menyesuaikan dengan tahap perkembangan dan kebutuhan anak. strategi rmain dalam belajar anak usia dini sangat penting karena dunia anak-anak adalah bermain, dengn melalui bermain anak dapat belajar banyak hal. Bermain sambil belajar dan belajar sambil bermain. Oleh sebab itu setiap guru atau pendidik akan mengguanakan metode sesuai dengan kegiatan yang berlangsung. Namun yang harus dipertimbangkan oleh pendidik ialah anak-anak anak memiliki ciri yang unik atau ke unikan. Oleh sebab itu metode bermain yang sering dilaksanakan dalam strategi pendidikan di Paud. Mengakibat Fase masa kecil teruntuk anak usia dini ialah masa main, sebab dari itu metoede paling baik dilakukan dalam pembelajaran di Paud adalah metode main. Penelitian ini ialah rancangan studi perpustakaan atau library research dengan melakukan kajian dari berbagai sumber bacaan yang relevan dengan permasalahan yang diteliti ataupun dari teori-teori para ahli. Khususnya metode bermain dalam pembelajaran anak. Pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode bermain sangat mendukung anak, dan merupakan suatu metode pembelajaran yang seharusnya didapatkan anak.
Model Pengembangan Desain Ilustrasi Buku Cerita Temi Story Sebagai Media Pengenalan Hidup Sehat di TK Mentari Bontoa
Authors: Nur Dhaahiru Aliza Shafira
Published: April 2022

Pengenalan hidup sehat adalah kebiasaan yang perlu diperhatikan setiap individu. Maka dari itu perlu diperkenalkan sejak dini agar kebiasaan pola hidup sehat dapat menjadi kebiasaan baik yang melekat disetiap individu.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (a) menghasilkan buku cerita bergambar sebagai media pengenalan hidup sehat, (b) mengetahui kelayakan buku cerita bergambar sebagai media pengenalan hidup sehat, (c) mengetahui efektivitas buku cerita bergambar sebagai media pengenalan hidup sehat. Jenis penelitian ini  merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) denganmengadaptasi model Borg dan Gall. Tahapan pengembangan meliputi lima tahapan: analisis kebutuhan, perencanaan, pengembangan produk awal, pengujian terbatas,  revisi hasil uji produk. Analisis kebutuhan dilakukan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apaka buku cerita bergambar sebagai media pengenalan hidup sehat dibutuhkan. Berdasarkan tujuh responden menjawab sangat butuh dengan presentase 100%. Buku cerita Temi Story diuji validasi dan efektivitas. Hasil validasi oleh ahli media di peroleh 100% sangat baik. Hasil uji efektivitas diperoleh 75% layak dan 25% sangat layak.
Carta ao Editor referente a “Nível de Conhecimento e Padrão de Utilização da Contraceção de Emergência entre as Mulheres Portuguesas Utilizadoras dos Cuidados de Saúde”
Authors: Prazeres Filipe
Published: April 2022

N/a.
A gestão democrática nos marcos legais
Authors: Pantoja Suellem , Damasceno Alberto
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo versa sobre a gestão democrática da educação e tem como objetivo demonstrar em perspectiva histórica como esse princípio vem sendo tratado nos documentos oficiais desde a Constituição Federal de 1988 até o Plano Nacional de Educação – PNE 2014/2024. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental na qual utilizamos a Constituição Federal de 1988, a LDB/1996, o PNE 2001/2010 e o PNE 2014/2024, além de realizarmos uma revisão bibliográfica acerca do tema com base em autores como Azevedo e Farias (2018), Fagnani (2017), Souza e Pires (2018). Destacamos que passados mais de 30 anos desde a promulgação da Constituição Federal de 1988 as questões referentes à gestão democrática não alcançaram consenso, tanto que os documentos refletem essas disputas e discordâncias.
Diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma: from novel molecular classifications to tailored targeted therapies
Authors: Lue Jennifer K. , Nowakowski Grzegorz S.
Published: April 2022

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous disease comprising multiple genetic subtypes that translates and impacts clinical outcomes after standard chemoimmunotherapy. Our initial understanding of the complex biological subtypes of DLBCL began with the identification of cell of origin (COO), and now has evolved to include even more specific subtypes defined by genetic signatures and mutations. These newer classifications lend themselves to the application of precision-based medicine, allowing us to tailor new treatment platforms that target specific oncogenic drivers in order to improve DLBCL outcomes. Essential to this is the development of genetic assays and tools that are reliable and readily available to assist in the application of these molecular classifications to real-world use. In this review, we discuss the history of DLBCL classification systems and their implication on clinical investigation as well as novel therapeutic options in DLBCL.
Android App Antiforensics
Authors: Delgado Alberto Ceballos , Zhou Bing
Published: April 2022

Aim: Android is one of the most popular platforms in the market. This popularity has led the operating system to be a potential tool for criminal activities. Law enforcement has noted this development and started incorporating smartphone evidence into their cases. However, digital evidence is susceptible to data modification, and thus anti-forensic techniques have been developed to counter forensic investigations. This research investigates the possibility of generating false data using automation techniques. Methods: A rooted Android device was acquired. The device screen coordinates were mapped using screenshots and Gimp. The coordinates were used to develop a Python script to automate common user tasks such as making a phone call, sending a text message, or adding a contact. These tasks were performed manually and using the automation script. A system image was acquired of the device before and after data population. The images were analyzed using Autopsy and Cellebrite’s Inspector. The forensic artifacts retrieved were compared between the manual and automatic data population. Results: The artifacts show that the data was added successfully and that forensic tools may not detect that the data was automatically generated. Conclusion: This research shows that it is possible to populate an Android device with false forensic artifacts using automation scripts. Being able to generate forensic artifacts using automation scripts can allow educators to more easily generate datasets to teach forensic techniques. Additionally, it can also be used by malicious actors to generate false forensic artifacts to mislead an investigator. Future work could improve the proposed data generation technique via machine learning to prevent hardcoding the screen coordinates in the automation script or improve the technique to generate data with old timestamps. Another avenue of future work includes the development of techniques to identify false data.
The Role of OIC to Tackle Discrimination against Uighur Muslims by the Chinese Government in Xinjiang
Authors: Dalillah Nurul Indah
Published: April 2022

Abstract

The Uighur are a minority Muslim group living in Xinjiang, China. Muslim Uighurs are prohibited from performing religious rituals in mosques and praying by the Chinese government. Human rights violations committed against Uighur Muslims such as being prohibited in freedom of expression, barriers to education, and discrimination against Uighur still occur in Xinjiang, China. Therefore, this paper will analyze the efforts of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) as an organization that assists in resolving conflicts in Muslim countries and liberating Muslim rights to contribute to the prevention, management, and resolution of world conflicts that can make their efforts to free discrimination among Muslim Uighur. In this study the researcher using the theory of the role of international organizations from several experts. At the same time in this study using a qualitative method with a descriptive approach through books, journals, or news related to Uighur Muslim issues. The type of data collected also uses secondary data from several studies that have been conducted. The OIC has coordinated and dialogued with the Chinese government through a meeting of the OIC Secretariat General with the delegate of China to report the OIC's direct visit to Xinjiang but this has not freed Uighur Muslims.

Keywords: Discrimination, OIC, Uighur Muslim
Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Bacterial Strain P-6B from Segara Anakan Against MRSA 2983
Authors: Asnani Ari , Dinda Annisa Permata , Nursyamsi Abdi Rahman , Anjarwati Dwi Utami
Published: April 2022

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection has become a worldwide concern due to the increasing MRSA resistance to antibiotics. This condition encourages the continuous exploration of new anti-MRSA compounds. Thus, this study explored the effect of carbon (starch, glucose, sucrose, lactose) and nitrogen (casein, yeast extract, urea, peptone) sources for the fermentation medium to produce antibacterial and antibiofilm compounds from bacterial strain P-6B against MRSA 2983. The results showed that six-day incubation produced bioactive extracts with the highest antimicrobial activity (11.361 ± 0.860 mm) and the highest activity to inhibit biofilm formation (89.159 ± 0.293% %). In comparison, three-day incubation produced a bioactive extract with the highest activity to degrade biofilm (86.450 ± 3.260%). Glucose was the best carbon source to produce an extract with antibacterial and biofilm inhibition activities. However, starch was the best carbon source to produce an extract with biofilm degradation activity. Urea was the best nitrogen source to produce extracts with antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities. Species identification based on the 16S rRNA gene revealed a 99.78% similarity with Ochrobactrum intermedium strain NBRC 15820 (NR_113812.1). These findings suggested the potency of Ochrobactrum P-6B from Segara Anakan Cilacap as indigenous sources of bioactive compounds with anti-MRSA activities.
Preparation and characterization of nanopowder of Acalypha hispida Leaves Extract Using Planetary Ball Milling
Authors: Alfarisi Hamzah , Sa'diah Siti , Juliandi Berry , Wresdiyati Tutik
Published: April 2022

Acalypha hispida Burm.f. is commonly used as an ornamental plant known for pharmacological effects. The nanoscale extract increases bioavailability and bioactivity. This research aimed to produce and characterize nanopowder extract of A. hispida leaves. Powdered leaves were macerated in 96% ethanol, then was evaporated in the spry dryer. Nanopowder extract was produced using planetary ball milling at 5000 rpm in different milling times, namely 5 minutes (nanopowder A), 10 minutes (nanopowder B), and 40 minutes (nanopowder C). The nanopowder extracts were evaluated using a particle size analyzer, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography. The average particle size of A. hispida crude extract was 1271 nm, and nanopowder A, B, and C respectively were 837.1 nm, 803.8, and 512.2 nm. The polydispersity index of A. hispida crude extract, nanopowder A, B, and C were 0.754, 0.696, 0.717, dan 0.612. The milling process for 40 minutes reduced the content of 5% gallic acid and 10.3% catechin. The SEM image of nanopowder C was smaller than crude extract. The best average particle size of nanopowder C (512.2 nm) and polydispersity index (0.612) were produced using PBM for 40 minutes at 5000 rpm.
The Effectiveness of Three Biofilter Media on Total Ammonia Nitrogen (TAN) Removal and Survival Rate of Tilapia Gift Seeds (Oreochromis niloticus) in Recirculation Aquaculture System
Authors: Pierrenia Mira Andhika , Rejeki Sri , Harwanto Dicky
Published: April 2022

Efforts to increase tilapia production are carried out through intensive culture by taking into account various aspects that support fish survival. The culture system that supports intensive culture is the Recirculation Aquaculture System (RAS). The RAS technology has the ability to support aquaculture with very high density and high yields compared to open culture systems. This study aims to determine the effect of different biofilter media in RAS on decreasing TAN concentration and growth of tilapia seeds. The method used was experimental with three treatments and four replications. Tilapia with an average individual weight of 3.40 ± 0.15 g were maintained in RAS with three different biofilter media treatments, sand (A), polystyrene microbeads (B) and kaldnes (C). The parameters observed were pH, DO, temperature, TAN removal efficiency, specific growth rate (SGR) and survival rate (SR). The results showed that different biofilter media had a significant effect (P <0.05) on the TAN removal efficiency value but had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on the SGR and SR values. The sand biofilter treatment (A) gave the best TAN removal efficiency of 36.61±4.82%.Key words: Kaldnes, Polystyrene, Sand, TAN, Tilapia
Effects of Rotifer Feeding Frequency on Growth and Survival Rate of Early Larval Stages of Mud Crab, Scylla olivacea
Authors: Pattirane Chrisoetanto P. , Pattiasina Bethsy J. , Sangkia Frederik Dony
Published: April 2022

Crustacean larvae have the characteristics of living as carnivorous organisms. This has an impact on the length of gut evacuation time which affects the feeding pattern of the larvae. The feeding strategy of mud crab larvae is modulated by the length of gut evacuation time. Another factor that can be subject to modulation is the frequency of feeding. This research aimed to evaluate rotifer frequency feeding of early larvae stages of mud crab, Scylla olivacea. This research was conducted at the Mariculture Fisheries Center, Ambon with an indoor system. This research began with carrying out parental maintenance to produce larvae. Larvae are fed with rotifers with different frequencies. The treatments were the frequency of feeding rotifers, namely: Treatment 1 (F1) was the frequency of 1x a day (9:00 am); Treatment 2 (F2) was a frequency of 2x a day (9:00 am & 13:00 pm) and Treatment 3 (F3) was a frequency of 3x a day (9:00am, 13:00pm & 17:00pm). Each treatment was given 3 replications. Based on the results of this study, it showed that feeding with a frequency of three times a day (F3 treatment) was able to have a positive effect on the survival rate of zoea larvae which on the third day was 58% and the fourth day was 22% higher than the F1 and F2 treatments. The growth of larvae showed that F3 treatment was higher than F1 and F2 on the sixth day with an increase in the absolute value of growth of 0.12044 mm compared to F1 of 0.05531 mm and F2 of 0.03253 mm. Keywords: frequency of feeding, growth, larvae, survival rate, mud crab
Migration, Dignity, Fragility, and Pandemics: Overview of the Special Issue
Authors: Nakayama Mikiyasu , McClain Shanna N. , Fujikura Ryo , Sasaki Daisuke ,   Global Infrastructure Fund Research Foundation Japan Roppongi T-Cube 14F, 3-1-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-0032, Japan,   Environmental Law Institute, Washington, D.C., USA,   Faculty of Sustainability Studies, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan,   International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
Published: April 2022

This special issue presents the findings of an international collaborative research project conducted between 2019 and 2021. This study is a follow-up of a previous study conducted between 2016 and 2019. In both studies, we examined the livelihoods of future climate migrants, who may relocate from Pacific atoll countries to developed countries. The Maldives was also included in this study, as it developed a unique strategy to cope with anticipated sea-level rise. They have developed a new city on reclaimed land and elevated it, intending to move the majority of its population there. In our first research project, we learned of the challenges faced by Pacific Islanders when transitioning to their new lives in a foreign country. This included inter alia unemployment or lack of opportunities for upward mobility, limited access to healthcare and legal services, and discrimination. We thus developed a formal policy and legal framework for the concept of “Migration with Dignity,” built upon the phrase first coined by then-Kiribati President Anote Tong. Our framework represents the opportunity for migrants to live a life equal to or better than the one they left behind. We then applied our concept of the Migration with Dignity framework to the challenges faced by climate migrants in the real world. The global outbreak of COVID-19 occurred during the implementation of our new research project. This made field research almost impossible in both atoll and developed countries and led us to modify our survey methods to include tele-interviews and remote surveys through the Internet. The pandemic also revealed the exacerbated vulnerabilities of the people who migrated to developed countries, such as discrimination, poor or no translation of medical documents, and challenging healthcare processes. We decided to address these issues within the framework of our research. We leave it to the readers of this special issue to decide how far we were able to maintain the quality of our research despite the difficulties we faced due to the sudden pandemic. As we felt at the end of our last collaboration, we now know what we need to do in our next endeavor.
Introduction to Dignity Law
Authors: May James R. ,   Delaware Law School, Widener University  4601 Concord Pike, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, USA, Daly Erin
Published: April 2022

This article introduces the idea of human dignity as a legal concept and demonstrates how that idea can be used to protect people who migrate. Migration involves moving from one place of residence to another, within a country or across an international border, temporarily, or permanently, for myriad reasons. Dignity is an inherent human quality that embodies the equal worth of every person, everywhere. Dignity matters to migrants because it is inherent in the human person and inalienable; it therefore travels with migrants wherever they go, it does not depend on government grace and it cannot be abridged by governmental or private action. Because it reflects equal worth, it demands that migrants are treated by public and private actors as having the same inherent worth and value as every other person, whether they are citizens or not. This means that every person has the same right as any other person to have their dignity respected, in terms of quality of life, access to services, security, and every other way that matters. While dignity rights are reflected in most of the world’s constitutions and are embedded in human rights law at the international, regional, national, and subnational levels, they must be implemented and applied for the benefit of people who migrate within countries and across borders.
The Ongoingness of Migration: Marshallese Well-Being in the United States
Authors: Wheeler Brittany L. , Fitzpatrick Juno , Geest Kees van der ,   Graduate School of Geography, Clark University 950 Main Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610, USA,   Center for Oceans, Conservation International, Honolulu, USA,   United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security, Bonn, Germany
Published: April 2022

Marshallese mobility long precedes the deep disruptions of nuclear history, contemporary climate-induced migration debates, and the ongoing socio-economic, legal, and geopolitical discourses about the freely associated relationship between the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) and the United States (U.S.). Nonetheless, understanding the well-being of the Marshallese people today requires an acknowledgment of the multiple factors that have drawn at least one-third of the RMI’s citizens to live in the U.S. over the last half century, as well as a firm grasp of how they live, work, and advocate for their communities in this diaspora. This article makes the argument that migration with dignity will always require attention to the ongoingness of history, migration, and lives. Beyond this, we argue that ongoingness is more than a vague, conceptual notion we might use to describe – or even dismiss – complex histories and present-day uncertainty about addressing migration-related issues. Rather, we present a series of qualitative studies, conducted over more than five years, to indicate how the ongoingness of migration can be made tangible for studying, understanding, and potentially expanding migration – and life – with dignity. This paper discusses three aspects of ongoingness that impact the well-being of the Marshallese who live in the U.S.: their ongoing relationship with their home environment, their ongoing relationship with the law, and their ongoing relationship with notions and practices of responsibility and repair.