bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Truck Lifting Accident Detection Method Based on Improved PointNet++ for Container Terminals
Authors: Shen Yang , Man Xintai , Wang Jiaqi , Zhang Yujie , Mi Chao
Published: January 2025

In container terminal operations, truck lifting accidents pose a serious threat to the safety and efficiency of automated equipment. Traditional detection methods using visual cameras and single-line Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) are insufficient for capturing three-dimensional spatial features, leading to reduced detection accuracy. Moreover, the boundary features of key accident objects, such as containers, truck chassis, and wheels, are often blurred, resulting in frequent false and missed detections. To tackle these challenges, this paper proposes an accident detection method based on multi-line LiDAR and an improved PointNet++ model. This method uses multi-line LiDAR to collect point cloud data from operational lanes in real time and enhances the PointNet++ model by integrating a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and a mixed attention mechanism (MAM), optimizing the model’s ability to extract local and global features. This results in high-precision semantic segmentation and accident detection of critical structural point clouds, such as containers, truck chassis, and wheels. Experiments confirm that the proposed method achieves superior performance compared to the current mainstream algorithms regarding point cloud segmentation accuracy and stability. In engineering tests across various real-world conditions, the model exhibits strong generalization capability.
Impact of IPSAS Adoption on Governance and Corruption: A Comparative Study of Southern Europe
Authors: Maali Bassam Mohammad , Morshed Amer
Published: January 2025

This study examines the impact that International Public Sector Accounting Standards adoption might have on governance quality and corruption control in Spain, Portugal, and Italy. IPSAS was designed to globally enhance public transparency and accountability thanks to accrual accounting. However, its effectiveness in fighting corruption and steering better governance has varied across institutional contexts and implementation phases. This paper examines, using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and comparative analysis, how legal systems, political stability, and anti-corruption measures mediate the relationship. The results indicate that full IPSAS adoption, as in the case of Spain, significantly enhances governance if the institutional framework is solid and, by extension, reduces corruption. Partial adoption, such as that by Portugal, exposes moderate improvements, but Italy, still in the preparation of the process, shows the poorest result. The study identifies that the legal system, along with complementary reforms like capacity building and political stability, is a very crucial factor in enhancing the IPSAS impact. This covers the evidential gaps and provides actionable insights for policymakers, while at the same time underlining institutional strength as a key driver for IPSAS adoption, contributing to broader discussions on advancing public sector accounting reforms.
Urban Ecosystem Services: Agroecology, Green Spaces, and Environmental Quality for Sustainable Futures
Authors: Russo Alessio , Cirella Giuseppe T.
Published: January 2025

The cycle of population growth, rural-to-urban migration, and subsequent urban overbuilding poses a significant threat to both human health and the health of urban ecosystems [...]
Comprehensive Comparative Analysis and Innovative Exploration of Green View Index Calculation Methods
Authors: Yin Dongmin , Hirata Terumitsu
Published: January 2025

Despite the widespread use of street view imagery for Green View Index (GVI) analyses, variations in sampling methodologies across studies and the potential impact of these differences on the results, including associated errors, remain largely unexplored. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of various GVI calculation methods, with a focus on analyzing the impact of sampling point selection and coverage angles on GVI results. Through a systematic review of the extensive relevant literature, we synthesized six predominant sampling methods: the four-quadrant view method, six-quadrant view method, eighteen-quadrant view method, panoramic view method, fisheye view method and pedestrian view method. We further evaluated the strengths and weaknesses of each approach, along with their applicability across different research domains. In addition, to address the limitations of existing methods in specific contexts, we developed a novel sampling technique based on three 120° street view images and experimentally validated its feasibility and accuracy. The results demonstrate the method’s high reliability, making it a valuable tool for acquiring and analyzing street view images. Our findings demonstrate that the choice of sampling method significantly influences GVI calculations, underscoring the necessity for researchers to select the optimal approach based on a specific research context. To mitigate errors arising from initial sampling angles, this study introduces a novel concept, the “Green View Circle”, which enhances the precision and applicability of calculations through the meticulous segmentation of observational angles, particularly in complex urban environments.
Mechanical Property Degradation of Transmission Wire Rope Caused by Different Wear Evolution
Authors: Chang Xiangdong , Shi Fahui , Chen Xiao , Peng Yuxing , Tang Yu , Xiao Wenjie , Hu Ran
Published: January 2025

Steel wire rope serves as a critical load-bearing and transmission component in the transportation equipment utilized in coal mines. It exhibits various forms of damage during prolonged service, which significantly jeopardizes the safety reliability of the transportation equipment. To investigate the formation process of the surface wear of steel wire rope and its influence on mechanical properties, the tribological evolution and performance degradation of the transmission wire rope under rope–sheave contact and rope–rope contact were studied in this paper. The wire rope’s friction coefficient (COF) is stable between 0.7 and 0.8 under two contact conditions. It is more likely to lead to the accumulation of frictional heat under the condition of rope–sheave contact. The primary wear mechanisms of transmission wire ropes are adhesive wear and fatigue wear. Additionally, the wear evolution leads to the nonlinear degradation of the tensile strength and bending fatigue life of the wire rope, and the wear damage caused by rope–sheave contact is more harmful. As the sliding distance between the wire rope and the sheave increases, the breaking force decreases from approximately 48 kN to 23 kN, and the number of bending fatigues of the wire rope before scrapping is reduced from approximately 6200 times to 200 times.
Partial Least Squares Regression for Binary Data
Authors: Vicente-Gonzalez Laura , Frutos-Bernal Elisa , Vicente-Villardon Jose Luis
Published: January 2025

Classical Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) models were developed primarily for continuous data, allowing dimensionality reduction while preserving relationships between predictors and responses. However, their application to binary data is limited. This study introduces Binary Partial Least Squares Regression (BPLSR), a novel extension of the PLSR methodology designed specifically for scenarios involving binary predictors and responses. BPLSR adapts the classical PLSR framework to handle the unique properties of binary datasets. A key feature of this approach is the introduction of a triplot representation that integrates logistic biplots. This visualization tool provides an intuitive interpretation of relationships between individuals and variables from both predictor and response matrices, enhancing the interpretability of binary data analysis. To illustrate the applicability and effectiveness of BPLSR, the method was applied to a real-world dataset of strains of Colletotrichum graminicola, a pathogenic fungus. The results demonstrated the ability of the method to represent binary relationships between predictors and responses, underscoring its potential as a robust analytical tool. This work extends the capabilities of traditional PLSR methods and provides a practical and versatile solution for binary data analysis with broad applications in diverse research areas.
A Novel Approach for Improving Reverse Osmosis Model Accuracy: Numerical Optimization for Water Purification Systems
Authors: Noeiaghdam Samad , Micula Sanda
Published: January 2025

The primary objective of this study is to present a new technique and library designed to validate the outcomes of numerical methods used for addressing various issues. This paper specifically examines the reverse osmosis (RO) model, a well-known water purification system. A crucial aspect of this problem involves solving an integral that is part of the overall solution. This integral is handled using one of the quadrature integration methods, with a focus on Romberg integration in this study. To manage the number of iterations, as well as to ensure accuracy and minimize errors, we employ the CESTAC method (Controle et Estimation Stochastique des Arrondis de Calculs) alongside the CADNA (Control of Accuracy and Debugging for Numerical Applications) library. By implementing this approach, we aim to achieve not only optimal results, but also the best method step and minimal error, and we aim to address numerical instabilities. The results show that only 16 iterations of the Romberg integration rule will be enough to find the approximate solutions.To demonstrate the efficacy and precision of our proposed method, we conducted two comprehensive comparative studies with the Sinc integration. The first study compares the optimal iteration count, optimal approximation, and optimal error between the single and double exponential decay methods and the Romberg integration technique. The second study evaluates the number of iterations required for convergence within various predefined tolerance values. The findings from both studies consistently indicate that our method outperforms the Sinc integration in terms of computational efficiency. Additionally, these comparative analyses highlight the potential of our approach as a reliable and effective tool for numerical integration.
How to Maintain Compliance Among Host Country Employees as the COVID-19 Pandemic Fades: An Attempt to Apply Conservation of Resources Theory to the Workplace
Authors: Kokubun Keisuke , Ino Yoshiaki , Ishimura Kazuyoshi
Published: January 2025

As the fear of the spread of COVID-19 has faded, governments around the world are moving to lift strict behavioral restrictions. How should human resource management at overseas subsidiaries adapt to these system changes? To find the answer, this paper clarifies the anxiety of employees working at overseas subsidiaries after the strict behavioral restrictions introduced by governments during the spread of COVID-19 have been lifted, as well as the relationship between psychological and social resources and intention to leave. To this end, we applied and verified the analytical model of “China 2020”, which was conducted on 2973 people in East and South China from February to May 2020, the results of which have been published in previous studies, to psychological questionnaire data from “Wuhan 2023”, which was conducted on 813 people in Wuhan City from January to March 2023. As a result, it was shown that the analytical model based on the conservation of resources theory (COR) can be applied not only to China 2020 but also to Wuhan 2023. This study proposes an analytical framework that can be widely applied across time and place and can be used as a reference for foreign companies that lack local information on disasters that expand while the nature and impact of the damage change.
Multi-Scale Modeling of Transport Properties in Cementitious Materials with GO Admixture
Authors: Liu Bing , Kang Weichen , Lian Weixing , Xing Feng , Sun Hongfang , Ma Hongyan
Published: January 2025

In coastal areas, the presence of concrete cracks provides pathways for hazardous ions to ingress from the exterior into the interior of concrete, while the migration of the ions further accelerates concrete deterioration and causes durability problems. The incorporation of graphene oxide (GO) into concrete can inhibit crack initiation and development starting at the nanoscale, improving the concrete microstructure, thereby affecting concrete’s resistance to hazardous ion transport and the resulting deterioration. In this study, a multi-scale transport model for cementitious materials with a GO admixture was established to predict the resistance to hazardous ions. Based on the determination of hydration types and hydration kinetics, microstructure modeling was conducted at three scales, the sub-microscale, microscale, and mesoscale, upon which transport property simulations were performed. At the microscale, the effects of both the cement paste matrix and the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) were considered. Through the simulation, it was found that the addition of GO reduced the duration of the induction period and increased the rate of hydration development after the induction period. Moreover, the incorporation of GO could reduce the porosity of cementitious materials at all simulation scales at both early and later ages. At the microscale, it improved the pore structure of the cement matrix and ITZ by reducing large pores and increasing small pores. At all three simulation scales, GO could increase the diffusion tortuosity in hydration products, suppress ion transport, and improve the resistance to hazardous ions of cementitious materials.
Dietary Restrictions and Cancer Prevention: State of the Art
Authors: Caprara Greta , Pallavi Rani , Sanyal Shalini , Pelicci Pier Giuseppe
Published: January 2025

Worldwide, almost 10 million cancer deaths occurred in 2022, a number that is expected to rise to 16.3 million by 2040. Primary prevention has long been acknowledged as a crucial approach to reducing cancer incidence. In fact, between 30 and 50 percent of all tumors are known to be preventable by eating a healthy diet, staying active, avoiding alcohol, smoking, and being overweight. Accordingly, many international organizations have created tumor prevention guidelines, which underlie the importance of following a diet that emphasizes eating plant-based foods while minimizing the consumption of red/processed meat, sugars, processed foods, and alcohol. However, further research is needed to define the relationship between the effect of specific diets or nutritional components on cancer prevention. Interestingly, reductions in food intake and dietetic restrictions can extend the lifespan of yeast, nematodes, flies, and rodents. Despite controversial results in humans, those approaches have the potential to ameliorate health via direct and indirect effects on specific signaling pathways involved in cancer onset. Here, we describe the latest knowledge on the cancer-preventive potential of dietary restrictions and the biochemical processes involved. Molecular, preclinical, and clinical studies evaluating the effects of different fasting strategies will also be reviewed.
Alternaria alternata (Fr) Keissl Crude Extract Inhibits HIV Subtypes and Integrase Drug-Resistant Strains at Different Stages of HIV Replication
Authors: Naidu Darian , Oduro-Kwateng Ernest , Soliman Mahmoud E. S. , Ndlovu Sizwe I. , Mkhwanazi Nompumelelo P.
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: The development of HIV drug resistance to current antiretrovirals, and the antiretrovirals’ inability to cure HIV, provides the need of developing novel drugs that inhibit HIV-1 subtypes and drug-resistance strains. Fungal endophytes, including Alternaria alternata, stand out for their potentially antiviral secondary metabolites. Hence, this study investigates the anti-HIV activities and mechanism of action of the A. alternata crude extract against different HIV-1 subtypes and integrase-resistant mutant strains. Methods: Cytotoxicity of the A. alternata crude extract on TZM-bl cells using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed. The crude extract antiviral activity against subtypes A, B, C, and D and integrase drug-resistant strain T66K and S230R was determined using a luciferase-based antiviral assay. Luciferase and p24 ELISA-based time-of-addition assays were used to determine the mechanism of action of the crude extract. Docking scores and protein ligand interactions of integrase T66K and S230R strains against the identified bioactive compounds were determined. Results: The crude extract CC50 was 300 μg/mL and not cytotoxic to the TZM-bl cell lines. In HIV-1 subtypes A, B, C, and D, the crude extract exhibited 100% inhibition and therapeutic potential. The A. alternata crude extract had strong anti-HIV-1 activity against integrase strand transfer drug-resistant strains T66K and S230R, with a 0.7265- and 0. 8751-fold increase in susceptibility. The crude extract had antiviral activity during attachment, reverse transcription, integration, and proteolysis. In silico calculations showed compounds 2,3-2H-Benzofuran-2-one, 3,3,4,6-tetramethyl-, 3-Methyl-1,4-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-2,5-dione, N-acetyl, Coumarin, 3,4-dihydro-4,5,7-trimethyl-, Cyclopropanecarboxamide, N-cycloheptyl, Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, and hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl)- crude extract bioactive compounds had strong docking scores and diverse binding mechanisms with integrase. Conclusions: The A. alternata crude extract demonstrates strong antiviral activity against different HIV-1 subtypes and integrase drug-resistance strains. The extract inhibited various stages of the HIV-1 life cycle. The bioactive compounds 2,3-2H-Benzofuran-2-one, 3,3,4,6-tetramethyl-, 3-Methyl-1,4-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-2,5-dione, N-acetyl, Coumarin, 3,4-dihydro-4,5,7-trimethyl-, Cyclopropanecarboxamide, N-cycloheptyl, Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, and hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl)- may be responsible for the antiviral activity of A. alternata.
Production and Testing of Carrageenan-Based Films Enriched with Chinese Hawthorn Extract in Strawberry Packaging
Authors: Cvetković Kristina , Đorđević Natalija , Karabegović Ivana , Danilović Bojana , Dordevic Dani , Dordevic Simona , Kushkevych Ivan
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study was to develop and characterize carrageenan-based films with the addition of aqueous Chinese hawthorn extract in concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%, as well as to examine their application and impact on prolongation of fresh strawberries’ shelf life. The films were prepared using the casting method, and their mechanical, physical, structural, chemical, and barrier properties were investigated, along with the antioxidative and antimicrobial properties of the films and the extract. Tests on strawberries included monitoring changes in acidity, visual characteristics, weight loss, ripening, and oxidative status during storage. The results showed that the addition of aqueous hawthorn extract, due to its high total polyphenol content, contributed to the improvement of the films‘ antioxidant activity but exhibited low antimicrobial potential. Increasing the extract concentration led to higher water content and improved barrier properties at lower concentrations, while excessive concentrations of hawthorn extract (15%) impaired the films’ barrier properties. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic peaks for the carrageenan spectrum. The carrageenan-based film with the addition of 15% aqueous blackberry extract demonstrated the best efficiency in preserving the post-harvest quality of strawberries. Carrageenan-based films with the addition of aqueous hawthorn extract have significant potential for application in packaging fresh, perishable foods such as strawberries. In addition to providing the necessary protection to the packaged product, they represent a sustainable solution aimed at reducing waste generated by the use of plastic packaging.
Copyright Verification and Traceability for Remote Sensing Object Detection Models via Dual Model Watermarking
Authors: Chen Weitong , Xu Xin , Ren Na , Zhu Changqing , Cai Jie
Published: January 2025

Deep learning-based remote sensing object detection (RSOD) models have been widely deployed and commercialized. The commercialization of RSOD models requires the ability to protect their intellectual property (IP) across different platforms and sales channels. However, RSOD models currently face threats related to illegal copying on untrusted platforms or resale by dishonest buyers. To address this issue, we propose a dual-model watermarking scheme for the copyright verification and leakage tracing of RSOD models. First, we construct trigger samples using an object generation watermark trigger and train them alongside clean samples to implement black-box watermarking. Then, fingerprint information is embedded into a small subset of the model’s critical weights, using a fine-tuning and loss-guided approach. At the copyright verification stage, the presence of a black-box watermark can be confirmed through using the suspect model’s API to make predictions on the trigger samples, thereby determining whether the model is infringing. Once infringement is confirmed, fingerprint information can be further extracted from the model weights to identify the leakage source. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively achieve the copyright verification and traceability of RSOD models without affecting the performance of primary tasks. The watermark shows good robustness against fine-tuning and pruning attacks.
Microplate Reader–TLC–HPLC–UPLC-MS: A Rapid Screening Strategy for Isoliquiritigenin-Transforming Bacteria
Authors: Nie Chuanhong , Liu Ruiqi , Yang Songhao , Li Panpan , Zhang Jing
Published: January 2025

This article primarily develops a new technology for the rapid large-scale screening of isoliquiritigenin-transforming strains based on the MTHM (microplate reader–TLC–HPLC–UPLC-MS) method. ISO is a chalcone compound with potential pharmacological activity, and its rich substitution sites on the benzene ring provide a solid foundation for structural modification and drug development. This study screened approximately 1500 strains and employed a microplate reader, thin-layer chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry to verify the transformation products, identifying 15 strains with significant transformation capabilities. This study demonstrates that the optimized MTHM method is efficient and reliable, capable of rapidly detecting subtle structural changes in flavonoids before and after microbial transformation. During the transformation process, bioactive flavonoid compounds, such as amentoflavone and 5′-methoxyflavonoid, were discovered. Additionally, the experiments revealed that Czapek medium, modified Martin medium, and LB medium exhibited high efficiency in screening transforming strains. This research provides new technical approaches for ISO structural optimization and drug development while highlighting the important application potential of microbial transformation in natural product development. Future studies could further explore the metabolic potential of these strains, optimize transformation conditions, and promote the application of ISO in the medical field.
Maintenance Decision-Making Using Intelligent Prognostics Within a Single Spare Parts Support System
Authors: Zhang Bowei , Hu Changhua , Zheng Jianfei , Pei Hong
Published: January 2025

Health management is the foothold of remaining useful life (RUL) prediction, known as ‘prognostics’. However, sudden failures in complex systems can lead to increased downtime and maintenance costs, ultimately diminishing system health and availability. Considering intelligent prognostics of components, maintenance decision-making for spare parts ordering and replacement is proposed within a spare parts support system. The decision-making process aims to minimize costs while maximizing availability as its primary objective. It considers spare parts ordering time and replacement time as key decision variables. By developing a maintenance decision-making model, it aims to determine the optimal time for ordering and replacing spare parts. This maintenance approach is designed to provide technical support for effective and rational equipment management decision-making.
Research on Defect Detection in Lightweight Photovoltaic Cells Using YOLOv8-FSD
Authors: Chen Chao , Chen Zhuo , Li Hao , Wang Yawen , Lei Guangzhou , Wu Lingling
Published: January 2025

Given the high computational complexity and poor real-time performance of current photovoltaic cell surface defect detection methods, this study proposes a lightweight model, YOLOv8-FSD, based on YOLOv8. By introducing the FasterNet network to replace the original backbone network, computational complexity and memory access are reduced. A thin neck structure designed based on hybrid convolution technology is adopted to reduce model parameters and computational load further. A lightweight dynamic feature upsampling operator improves the feature map quality. Additionally, the regularized Gaussian distribution distance loss function is used to enhance the detection ability for small target defects. Experimental results show that the YOLOv8-FSD lightweight algorithm improves detection accuracy while significantly reducing the number of parameters and computational requirements compared to the original algorithm. This improvement provides an efficient, accurate, and lightweight solution for PV cell defect detection.
Smart Maintenance Solutions: AR- and VR-Enhanced Digital Twin Powered by FIWARE
Authors: Costa André , Miranda João , Dias Duarte , Dinis Nuno , Romero Luís , Faria Pedro Miguel
Published: January 2025

In the modern era of industrial digitalization, the convergence of the Internet of Things (IoT), advanced data analysis, augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) is significantly transforming various industrial sectors. This research aimed to study and develop a proposal for an integrated system that combines IoT, data analysis, AR and VR for the monitoring and maintenance of industrial equipment. The importance of this research lies in its potential to contribute to the implementation of predictive maintenance solutions, which can significantly reduce machine downtime in an industrial environment and thus reduce or prevent operational failures. The central research question of this work was the following: how can the integration of IoT, data analysis and augmented and virtual reality contribute to optimizing industrial maintenance? We tested the combination of technologies to enable the creation of an effective predictive maintenance system, capable of alerting operators to anomalous conditions and providing detailed visual instructions for maintenance tasks. As a result, a prototype system was developed and tested, and it has shown the potential to evolve into a real system in an industrial environment.
Experimental Study of Flame Dynamics in a Triple-Injector Swirling Nonpremixed Combustor Under Different Thermoacoustic Self-Excited Instability Modes
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Wang Suofang , Liu Yong
Published: January 2025

Combustion instability is one of the prominent and unavoidable problems in the design of high-performance propulsion systems. This study investigates the heat release rate (HRR) responses in a triple-nozzle swirling nonpremixed combustor under various thermoacoustic self-excited instability modes. Dynamic pressure sensors and high-speed imaging were employed to capture the pressure oscillations within the combustion chamber and the characteristics of flame dynamics, respectively. The results reveal nonlinear bifurcations in the self-excited thermoacoustic instabilities at different equivalence ratios. Significant differences in flame dynamics were observed across the instability modes. In lower frequency modes, the fluctuations in flame length contribute to the driving force of thermoacoustic instability. In relatively high-frequency modes, HRR fluctuations are dominated by the rolling up and convective processes of wrinkles on the flame surface. Alternating regions of gain and damping are observed on the flame surface. At even higher frequencies, both aforementioned HRR fluctuation patterns are simultaneously observed. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the complex interactions between flame dynamics and thermoacoustic instabilities, offering new insights into the design and optimization of nonpremixed combustion systems. The study underscores the importance of considering the spatial and temporal variations in flame behavior to effectively predict and control thermoacoustic instabilities.
Perspectives on Trust: Toward a Historical Mapping of the Concept and Its Dimensions
Authors: Vrečar Boštjan
Published: January 2025

Social trust, understood as a moral evaluation of the trustworthiness or faith in the benevolence of one’s fellow citizens, represents a value that has been the subject of intense debate and growing research attention in recent decades. Nevertheless, the conceptual roots of trust and the opposing arguments that challenge them are rarely examined. This paper takes the necessary step of examining the evolution of the concept of trust. It identifies five distinct sub-perspectives on trust, tracking some of their assumptions, conceptualizations, and dimensions: societal, civic, institutional, personality, and rational choice perspectives. It also provides a brief historical overview of theoretical perspectives and influences among a number of relevant authors. It concludes with a brief discussion of the relevance of conceptual analysis and its connections with ongoing debates on trust. The aim of the article is to address the ambiguity and provide a conceptual framework for researchers to situate their research within the extensive literature on trust.
Carbon Reduction Initiatives, Corporate Governance and Sustainability Assurance—Do Multiple Directorships and Board Tenure Matter?
Authors: Tham Yeut Hong , Handayati Puji , Yuningsih Yuni , Sun Zhiyue , Nugroho Tatas Ridho
Published: January 2025

The intention of this study is to investigate carbon reduction initiatives, board characteristics and sustainability assurance in large, listed firms in Indonesia from 2016 to 2023, given the significance of climate change. Based on fixed effects regression controlling industry effects, we find a positive significant relationship between multiple directorships and carbon reduction initiatives. Additionally, we find a statistically significant association between gender-diverse boards and carbon reduction initiatives, as well as a positive association between sustainability assurance and carbon reduction initiatives. When adopting multiple directorships as a moderating variable, our results reveal a positive relationship between long-tenured board members with multiple directorships and carbon reduction initiatives, suggesting that firms with long-tenured directors and multiple directorships reduce carbon footprint. Robustness checks and endogeneity tests corroborate the main results. This study has important implications for regulators, including policymakers, and contributes to theoretical applications.
Optimizing Tourist Destination Selection Using AHP and Fuzzy AHP Based on Individual Preferences for Personalized Tourism
Authors: Jewpanya Parida , Nuangpirom Pinit , Nakkiew Warisa , Pitjamit Siwasit , Jaichomphu Pakpoom
Published: January 2025

Tourism is a dynamic industry that significantly contributes to the global economy, driven by the increasingly diverse preferences of tourists. Addressing these preferences requires sophisticated decision-making models capable of handling the uncertainty and subjectivity of human judgments. This study proposes sustainable models for effectively capturing and evaluating individual tourist preferences using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP). These models leverage the strengths of the AHP to construct a flexible decision-making framework that adapts to diverse tourist preferences, offering personalized recommendations. In this study, three main criteria are considered: types of tourism, tourism facilities, and tourism areas. Tourists are encouraged to provide their preferences for these criteria and sub-criteria, enabling the AHP and Fuzzy AHP to recommend suitable destinations. An analysis was conducted with 30 respondents providing pairwise comparisons of the tourism criteria, which were then used to generate tourist attraction recommendations using both the AHP and Fuzzy AHP. The study assessed respondents’ satisfaction with the recommendations, finding that both methods were effective, with a slight preference for the Fuzzy AHP due to its ability to better capture individual preferences. The results underscore the potential of these models in sustainably enhancing decision support systems in the tourism industry, offering tailored recommendations that align more closely with tourist expectations.
Study on Extraction of Gallium from Fly Ash by Sodium Fluoride Calcination-Organic Acid Leaching
Authors: Bai Ruyun , Huang Yong , Li Sining , Su Changzhi , Li Huan , Cui Qiushuang , Liu Wen , Wei Hanyu , Si Yi
Published: January 2025

Xinjiang is one of China’s most significant energy bases, and the generated fly ash (FA) contains a high concentration of metallic elements that can be used as a valuable resource. In this study, we looked into a roasting-acid leaching process technique for efficiently extracting gallium metal (Ga) from FA, employing sodium fluoride (NaF) as the roasting auxiliary and citric acid inzter (C6H8O7) acid leaching. After high-temperature activation by NaF, the glassy phase of FA was converted into silica aluminate with excellent acid solubility, and Ga was extracted from FA via acid leaching. The effects of optimal roasting and acid leaching process conditions on the Ga leaching rate were investigated. The results showed that it exhibited 83.71% Ga extraction under the conditions of a roasting temperature of 850 °C, FA-NaF coordination ratio of 1:0.5, roasting time of 10 min, C6H8O7 solution concentration of 1.75 mol/L, ratio (S/L) of 1:15, acid leaching temperature of 100 °C, and acid leaching time of 1 h. The results also indicated that it was possible to obtain a higher extraction efficiency for the Ga extracts under the conditions of roasting temperature of 850 °C and FA-NaF coordination ratio of 1:0.5.
A Mutant of Africa Swine Fever Virus Protein p72 Enhances Antibody Production and Regulates the Production of Cytokines
Authors: Li Mingzhi , Wang Yihao , Wang Quansheng , Yang Lingdi , Liu Shiguo , Li Guangzhi , Song Ziqi , Huang Chulu , Kang Lumei , Zhang Yanni , Wang Ting , Kong Lingbao , Li Sha
Published: January 2025

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a severe threat to the global pig industry, and domestic pigs mostly develop severe clinical manifestations upon viral invasion. Currently, there is no available vaccine against ASFV. Its capsid structural protein p72 is one of the immuno-dominant proteins. In this study, we unexpectedly obtained a p72 mutant protein (p72∆377–428) which deleted the aa 377–428 within p72 and had stable and high expression in E. coli. Using SWISS-MODEL 1.0 software, the prediction showed that p72∆377–428 was quite distinct from the wild-type p72 protein in structure. p72∆377–428 induced stronger antibody production in mice on day 42 and 56 post immunization and could recognize ASFV-infected swine sera. p72∆377–428 reduced IFN-γ production in the splenocytes from p72∆377–428-immunized mice and p72∆377–428-treated swine macrophages compared to p72. p72∆377–428 also decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes, including IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12, compared to p72 in mice. Further, we found that p72∆377–428 reduced the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes by inhibiting AKT phosphorylation and HIF1α expression. Taken together, these findings have implications for immunological function and the corresponding mechanism of ASFV p72, and our study indicates that p72∆377–428 could serve as a novel candidate for ASFV vaccines and diagnostic reagents.
Perpetuation of Avian Influenza from Molt to Fall Migration in Wild Swan Geese (Anser cygnoides): An Agent-Based Modeling Approach
Authors: Takekawa John Y. , Choi Chang-Yong , Prosser Diann J. , Sullivan Jeffery D. , Batbayar Nyambayar , Xiao Xiangming
Published: January 2025

Wild waterfowl are considered to be the reservoir of avian influenza, but their distinct annual life cycle stages and their contribution to disease dynamics are not well understood. Studies of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus have primarily focused on wintering grounds, where human and poultry densities are high year-round, compared with breeding grounds, where migratory waterfowl are more isolated. Few if any studies of avian influenza have focused on the molting stage where wild waterfowl congregate in a few selected wetlands and undergo the simultaneous molt of wing and tail feathers during a vulnerable flightless period. The molting stage may be one of the most important periods for the perpetuation of the disease in waterfowl, since during this stage, immunologically naïve young birds and adults freely intermix prior to the fall migration. Our study incorporated empirical data from virological field samplings and markings of Swan Geese (Anser cygnoides) on their breeding grounds in Mongolia in an integrated agent-based model (ABM) that included susceptible–exposed–infectious–recovered (SEIR) states. Our ABM results provided unique insights and indicated that individual movements between different molting wetlands and the transmission rate were the key predictors of HPAI perpetuation. While wetland extent was not a significant predictor of HPAI perpetuation, it had a large effect on the number of infections and associated death toll. Our results indicate that conserving undisturbed habitats for wild waterfowl during the molting stage of the breeding season could reduce the risk of HPAI transmission.
Tinjauan KHI dan Hukum Islam Terhadap Putusan Hakim Tentang Batas Usia Hak Asuh Anak Pasca Perceraian
Authors: Afendi Muhammad , Choeri Imron
Published: January 2025

Â  Â  Â  Â Hadhanah merupakan salah satu hak bagi seorang anak. Hadhanah merupakan kekuasaan hak asuh kepada diri anak meskipun kedua orang tuanya bercerai. Dalam aturan Undang-undang dan hukum islam terdapat beberapa hal yang menyatakan tentang hadhanah yang salah satunya dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam atau di singkat KHI. Dalam pasal 105 KHI menyatakan bahwa apabila anak belum mumayyiz atau sebelum usia 12 tahun maka yang berhak mengasuh adalah ibu. Peraturan ini juga di jadikan patokan para hakim dalam memutuskan persoalan hadhanah. Namun terdapat perbedaan dengan Hukum Islam. Hal ini yang akan di kaji oleh peneliti adalah terkait batas usia hak asuh anak pasca perceraian. Dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif dan bersifar analisis deskriptif yang akan menelaah lebih lanjut KHI pasal 105. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa usia 12 tahun merupakan usia yang ideal bagi anak untuk memilih yang baik dan buruk terhadap dirinya. Karena anak akandi suruh memilih siapa yang lebih berhak mengasuh kedepannya.Â Â  Selain itu juga para hakim melakukan pertimbangan mana yang lebih baik bagi kepentingan anak. Seperti pendidikan moral, kasih sayang serta lingkuagan yang positif. Â
Pernikahan Sirri Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam Dan Pencatatan Perkawinan Menurut Ketentuan Yang Berlaku Di Indonesia (Hukum Positif)
Authors: Firdaus Muhammad Rizal , Maskur Ali
Published: January 2025

Pernikahan dalam hukum Islam unik karena berfungsi sebagai penghubung yang sangat kuat, atau mitsaqon ghalidhan, untuk memenuhi perintah Allah dan beribadah kepada-Nya karena melakukan hal tersebut. Salah satu definisi pernikahan siri adalah â€œbentuk pernikahan yang dilakukan secara hukum agama atau secara adat istiadat, dan juga tidak diumumkan pada halayak yang ramai serta tidak dicatatkan secara resmi di kantor pegawai pencatat nikah. Namun, apabila tidak ada pencatatan dalam suatu perkawinan maka tidak menyebabkan perkawinan yang sah menurut agama batal karna hukum, namun dapat dibatalkan. hukum islam dan hukum positif tentang pernikahan siri adalah subjek penelitian ini. Dalam penelitian ini, fokus terhadap pendekatan hukum normatif atau doktrinal dan metode pengumpulan data deskriptif kualitatif menggunakan dokumentasi dan analisis deskriptif. Kajian hukum positif tentang nikah sirri mengacu pada prinsip-prinsip Undang-undang perkawinan dan Peraturan Pemerintah. Kajian hukum islam tentang nikah siri mengacu pada Alquran dan Hadis. Nikah sirri dianggap sebagai pernikahan yang tidak memiliki legalitas berdasarkan hukum positif Indonesia. Itu berarti tidak memiliki kekuatan hukum. Walaupun, sesuai dengan rukun dan syarat nikah, perkawinan sirri itu sah menurut hukum agama.
Nasab Bayi Tabung dalam Perspektif Agama Islam; Tinjauan Hukum
Authors: Hasanuddin Ahmad , Ansori Miswan
Published: January 2025

Â In the era of globalization as it is today, technological advancements have indeed greatly aided many fields, especially in healthcare. One of them is the technology in the field of in vitro fertilization (IVF) programs, which is increasingly sophisticated and intended for couples who are infertile. IVF is one method to address fertility issues when other methods have failed. However, as it develops, issues have arisen where initially this program was widely accepted by all parties due to its noble purpose, but recentlyÂ  it has become controversial. The purpose of this research is to determine the legal status of babies born through artificial insemination (IVF), and to understand the relationship of the baby with its biological parents and with the surrogate mother.Â  Â Â
Des Vierges et des arbres : histoire d’une dévotion entre pratiques et légendes (derniers siècles du Moyen Âge – Époque moderne)
Authors: Balzamo Nicolas , Sansterre Jean-Marie
Published: January 2025

Les Vierges arboricoles occupent une place de choix parmi les pôles d’attraction des nombreux pèlerinages nés en Occident à la fin du Moyen Âge et au début de l’époque moderne. Il s’agit d’images mariales qui sont découvertes miraculeusement dans ou sur un arbre ou encore dans un buisson et d’autres qui, placées là, deviennent à un moment donné des vecteurs du pouvoir miraculeux de la Vierge. L’article montre d’abord qu’on ne saurait y voir une survivance d’un passé préchrétien, puis il s’arrête à l’époque qui vit l’émergence et la diffusion de ce type de dévotion, soit les XIVe-XVIIe siècles. Il présente une série d’études de cas accompagnées de vues plus larges concernant en particulier les rapports entre pratiques dévotionnelles et légendes de fondation.
L’Institut national de Géographie : les grandes ambitions d’une éphémère maison d’édition
Authors: Dupont Colin
Published: January 2025

When it was founded in 1882, the Institut national de Géographie, a private company, brought together prominent figures from the Belgian political and financial spheres, right up to Leopold ii. However, Henry Merzbach and Théodore Falk-Fabian, two publishers from Brussels, were the real men in control. They aimed to develop their activities in the field of geography, a discipline in vogue at the time. As the name and shareholders of the company suggest, the Institut had ambitious goals. It published numerous works, edited a new periodical and even financed an expedition to the Congo. Exploration and the King''s ambitions for this region were among the company''s main interests. The society was very concerned with geography and, in particular, with its teaching. It also published works on the history of geography tinged with patriotism. Finally, the Institute''s study allows us to shed light on geographical publishing in Belgium in the second half of the 19th century.
Verlichte ruimte. Het gebruik van de projectielantaarn in het Antwerpse publieke lezingcircuit (ca. 1900-1920) aan de hand van gis, historisch kaartmateriaal en geschreven bronnen
Authors: Jongepier Iason , Buelens-Terryn Margo , Loockx Kristof , Paklons Eleonora , Van Damme Ilja
Published: January 2025

In this article, innovative processing methods and analyses are applied to a very concrete case concerning the spatial embedding of the phenomenon of (magic) lantern shows in the early 20th century. Using gis (Geographical Information Systems) as a starting point, a variety of historical sources, such as the Belgian daily press and Antwerp address books, were spatially linked. This made it possible to answer the question where readings with projected light images occurred in the urban space. The search for correlations and connections with other data layers, including those of catering and cinema industries, led to a better understanding of the phenomenon. GIS-analyses show that the lecture circuit in Antwerp was linked to other expressions of urban entertainment and sociability, such as cinemas and catering establishments. The added value and potential of Historical gis (hisgis) in processing digital historical maps is clearly demonstrated in this article.
Pertumbuhan di Pinggiran Kota Kecil: Pola Perkembangan Peri-Urban dan Faktor Pembentuknya (Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Tallunglipu)
Authors: Membala Sarah , Dewi Dhyah Puspita
Published: January 2025

Gelombang urbanisasi memicu perluasan wilayah ke daerah pinggiran kota. Tekanan terhadap lahan di pinggiran kota tidak hanya dialami kota metropolitan saja, tetapi juga terjadi di pinggiran kota kecil. Lebih dari 2.400 kota dengan jumlah penduduk antara 1.500 hingga 5 juta digambarkan secara umum sebagai kota kecil, di mana 60% diantaranya berada di wilayah dan negara berkembang. Transformasi ruang yang terjadi di wilayah pinggiran kota tidak terlepas dari dinamika wilayah yang terjadi di ibukota administratifnya (Rantepao). Pola perkembangan Kecamatan Tallunglipu menunjukkan pola memanjang (ribbon development) dan pola perkembangan meloncat (leapfrog development). Sintesa faktor terhadap perkembangan wilayah peri-urban menunjukkan bahwa pola perkembangan peri-urban di Kecamatan Tallunglipu dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor diantaranya: kebijakan pemerintah daerah, batas fisik wilayah, keberadaan infrastruktur jalan, keberadaan fasilitas pelayanan umum, dan sarana prasarana pendukung adat istiadat. Identifikasi pola perkembangan dan faktor pembentuk peri-urban di kota kecil dapat menjadi langkah preventif dan mitigasi terjadinya perkembangan yang melebihi daya tampung di kota kecil.