bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temporal-scale assessment of population genetics of the freshwater fish Prochilodus magdalenae in an area impacted by construction of a dam
Authors: García-Castro Kevin León , Márquez Edna Judith
Published: November 2023

Habitat fragmentation is among the main threats to freshwater fish biodiversity, with expected effects including genetic impacts due to disturbance of migration and declining population size. Major concern falls on highly exploited species such as Prochilodus magdalenae, a migratory characiform fish endemic to the Magdalena River basin supporting much of the Colombian artisanal fishery, whose migration route was interrupted by the Ituango hydroelectric project in the Cauca River. To determine the potential effects of fragmentation, this study evaluated the population genetics of this species on both geographical (upstream and downstream of the dam) and temporal (before and after the construction) scales by using 11 species-specific microsatellite markers. Contrary to expectation, genetic diversity and structure remained relatively stable. This study provided no evidence of genetic impacts on P. magdalenae associated with fragmentation over the short term (4–10 years, 5–12 generations) despite persisting threats, genetic evidence of bottleneck, and a high degree of inbreeding, showing the ability of this species to withstand disturbance of its habitat.
Online Gambling: A Systematic Review of Risk and Protective Factors in the Adult Population
Authors: Ghelfi Michela , Scattola Paola , Giudici Gilberto , Velasco Veronica
Published: November 2023

In recent decades, internet gambling has seen strong growth and diffusion due to intrinsic characteristics that make it particularly attractive to players (accessibility, anonymity, variety of games). This paper aims to present the current state of knowledge of the risk and protective factors of online gambling. A literature search conducted in the PubMed, PsychInfo, and Scopus databases found 42 articles, which were included in the review. Methodological aspects and risk and protective factors were analysed cross-sectionally. The results concerning risk and protective factors were distinguished by the level of analysis: individual, relational, and contextual. Two types of comparisons were considered: online vs. offline gamblers and online nonproblematic vs. problematic gamblers. The results of the two comparisons were juxtaposed to analyse their consistency and the different associations with factors. In general, the review showed that risk factors and variables at the individual level are investigated to a greater extent, while protective factors at the relational and contextual level need more in-depth study in future research. More specifically, this review found that even if online and offline gamblers shared most risk and protective factors, there are variables that they would not have in common. These factors could be important to consider in preventive interventions aimed at online gamblers and online problematic gamblers.
The Long or the Post of It? Temporality, Suffering, and Uncertainty in Narratives Following COVID-19
Authors: Cheston Katharine , Cenedese Marta-Laura , Woods Angela
Published: November 2023

Long COVID affects millions of individuals worldwide but remains poorly understood and contested. This article turns to accounts of patients’ experiences to ask: What might narrative be doing both to long COVID and for those who live with the condition? What particular narrative strategies were present in 2020, as millions of people became ill, en masse, with a novel virus, which have prevailed three years after the first lockdowns? And what can this tell us about illness and narrative and about the importance of literary critical approaches to the topic in a digital, post-pandemic age? Through a close reading of journalist Lucy Adams’s autobiographical accounts of long COVID, this article explores the interplay between individual illness narratives and the collective narrativizing (or making) of an illness. Our focus on temporality and suffering knits together the phenomenological and the social with the aim of opening up Adams’s narrative and ascertaining a deeper understanding of what it means to live with the condition. Finally, we look to the stories currently circulating around long COVID and consider how illness narratives—and open, curious, patient-centered approaches to them—might shape medicine, patient involvement, and critical medical humanities research.
Uranium age dating measurements by laser ablation multi-collector ICP-MS in uranium materials
Authors: Varga Zsolt , Nicholl Adrian , Wallenius Maria , Mayer Klaus
Published: November 2023

The aim of the present work was to develop a direct method for age dating (production date measurement) of uranium samples by laser ablation multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS) by the measurement of the 230Th/234U ratio. The major instrumental conditions and sample characteristics affecting the accuracy and precision were investigated in this systematic study. By comparing the obtained LA-MC-ICP-MS results with those obtained after chemical separation measurements, it shows that the LA-MC-ICP-MS method is capable to produce accurate results for pure highly enriched uranium. Natural and low-enriched uranium, however, needs a higher mass resolution to remove the identified interferences, which can lead to erroneous results.
Advancements and sustainable strategies for the treatment and management of wastewaters from metallurgical industries: an overview
Authors: Chalaris Michail , Gkika Despina A. , Tolkou Athanasia K. , Kyzas George Z.
Published: November 2023

Metallurgy is pivotal for societal progress, yet it yields wastewater laden with hazardous compounds. Adhering to stringent environmental mandates, the scientific and industrial sectors are actively researching resilient treatment and disposal solutions for metallurgical effluents. The primary origins of organic pollutants within the metallurgical sector include processes such as coke quenching, steel rolling, solvent extraction, and electroplating. This article provides a detailed analysis of strategies for treating steel industry waste in wastewater treatment. Recent advancements in membrane technologies, adsorption, and various other processes for removing hazardous pollutants from steel industrial wastewater are comprehensively reviewed. The literature review reveals that advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) demonstrate superior effectiveness in eliminating persistent contaminants. However, the major challenges to their industrial-scale implementation are their cost and scalability. Additionally, it was discovered that employing a series of biological reactors instead of single-step biological processes enhances command over microbial communities and operating variables, thus boosting the efficacy of the treatment mechanism (e.g., achieving a chemical oxygen demand (COD) elimination rate of over 90%). This review seeks to conduct an in-depth examination of the current state of treating metallurgical wastewater, with a particular emphasis on strategies for pollutant removal. These pollutants exhibit distinct features influenced by the technologies and workflows unique to their respective processes, including factors such as their composition, physicochemical properties, and concentrations. Therefore, it is of utmost importance for customized treatment and disposal approaches, which are the central focus of this review. In this context, we will explore these methods, highlighting their advantages and characteristics.
Potentially toxic element bioaccumulation in consumed indoor shrimp farming associated with diet, water and sediment levels
Authors: Ramos-Miras José Joaquín , Sanchez-Muros Maria Jose , Renteria Patricio , de Carrasco Carlos Gil , Roca-Perez Luis , Boluda-Navarro Mireia , Pro Javier , Martín Jose Antonio Rodríguez
Published: November 2023

Shrimp production is an important industry for many countries and shrimp consumption is increasing worldwide. Shrimps are a highly nutritional food, but can pose a risk for human health if subject to high levels of environmental contaminants. This work studies the presence of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn in shrimps from Ecuador and compares them to such contents noted in other shrimp-production areas in the world to evaluate the possible risks associated with these elements for consumer health, and to relate them to potentially toxic element (PTE) contents in water, sediments and diets, and also to animal biometric parameters. The PTE levels (mg kg−1DM) obtained are as follows: in the head—As (3.52–6.11), Cd (0.02–0.10), Co (0.14–0.49) Cr (0.23–4.89), Cu (99.9––233.0), Ni (0.52–1.86), Pb (0.24–1.09), Zn (51.8–100.5) and Hg (μg kg−1DM) (10.00–66.81); in the tail—(0.91–3.21), Cd (0.01–0.02), Co (0.01–0.43) Cr (0.01–6.52), Cu (20.0–72.44), Ni (0.15–2.03), Pb (0.01–0.69), Zn (31.2–66.1) and Hg (μg kg−1DM) (10.00–67.18). The concentration of all the PTEs is generally lower than the limits set for seafood by European regulations, except for As in the cephalothorax (4.63 mg kg−1). Different behaviours for PTE accumulation in shrimps were found, which preferentially tend to accumulate in the cephalothorax, except for Hg (40.13 μg kg−1DM), which accumulates in muscle (body) and is associated with contents of proteins, lipids and total shrimp weight. Nonetheless, the target hazard quotient (THQ) values for PTEs indicate that the consumption of shrimp muscles from Ecuador does not pose a human health risk because the values of these indices are below 1 in all cases.
Heart Failure and Erectile Dysfunction: a Review of the Current Evidence and Clinical Implications
Authors: Carella Maria Cristina , Forleo Cinzia , Stanca Alessandro , Carulli Eugenio , Basile Paolo , Carbonara Umberto , Amati Fabio , Mushtaq Saima , Baggiano Andrea , Pontone Gianluca , Ciccone Marco Matteo , Guaricci Andrea Igoren
Published: November 2023

Purpose of Review

Heart failure (HF) and erectile dysfunction (ED) are two common conditions that affect millions of men worldwide and impair their quality of life. ED is a frequent complication of HF, as well as a possible predictor of cardiovascular events and mortality. ED deserves more attention from clinicians and researchers.

Recent Findings

The pathophysiology of ED in HF involves multiple factors, such as endothelial dysfunction, reduced cardiac output, neurohormonal activation, autonomic imbalance, oxidative stress, inflammation, and drug side effects. The diagnosis of ED in HF patients should be based on validated questionnaires or objective tests, as part of the routine cardiovascular risk assessment. The therapeutic management of ED in HF patients should be individualized and multidisciplinary, considering the patient’s preferences, expectations, comorbidities, and potential drug interactions. The first-line pharmacological treatment for ED in HF patients with mild to moderate symptoms (NYHA class I–II) is phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5Is), which improve both sexual function and cardiopulmonary parameters. PDE5Is are contraindicated in patients who use nitrates or nitric oxide donors for angina relief, and these patients should be advised to avoid sexual activity or to use alternative treatments for ED. Non-pharmacological treatments for ED, such as psychotherapy or couples therapy, should also be considered if there are significant psychosocial factors affecting the patient’s sexual function or relationship.

This review aims to summarize the most recent evidence regarding the prevalence of ED, the pathophysiology of this condition with an exhaustive analysis of factors involved in ED development in HF patients, a thorough discussion on diagnosis and management of ED in HF patients, providing practical recommendations for clinicians.
Factors Defining Human Adipose Stem/Stromal Cell Immunomodulation in Vitro
Authors: Mahmoud Marwa , Abdel-Rasheed Mazen , Galal Eman Reda , El-Awady Rehab R.
Published: November 2023

Human adipose tissue-derived stem/stromal cells (hASCs) are adult multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells with immunomodulatory capacities. Here, we present up-to-date knowledge on the impact of different experimental and donor-related factors on hASC immunoregulatory functions in vitro. The experimental determinants include the immunological status of hASCs relative to target immune cells, contact vs. contactless interaction, and oxygen tension. Factors such as the ratio of hASCs to immune cells, the cellular context, the immune cell activation status, and coculture duration are also discussed. Conditioning of hASCs with different approaches before interaction with immune cells, hASC culture in xenogenic or xenofree culture medium, hASC culture in two-dimension vs. three-dimension with biomaterials, and the hASC passage number are among the experimental parameters that greatly may impact the hASC immunosuppressive potential in vitro, thus, they are also considered. Moreover, the influence of donor-related characteristics such as age, sex, and health status on hASC immunomodulation in vitro is reviewed. By analysis of the literature studies, most of the indicated determinants have been investigated in broad non-standardized ranges, so the results are not univocal. Clear conclusions cannot be drawn for the fine-tuned scenarios of many important factors to set a standard hASC immunopotency assay. Such variability needs to be carefully considered in further standardized research. Importantly, field experts’ opinions may help to make it clearer.

Graphical Abstract

Parameters that promote ASC immunosuppression on immune cells. Activation of immune cells induces their proliferation and differentiation and presence of ASCs modulates/suppresses such consequences. Augmented immunosuppressive effects of ASCs can be introduced in direct contact with the immune cells and via complementing the repeatedly reported experimental settings (texts in grey shapes). Abbreviations: ASCs: adipose tissue-derived stem/stromal cells, IFN-ɤ: Interferon gamma, MLR: Mixed lymphocyte reaction, TNF: Tumor necrosis factor.
Geophysical assessment of seawater intrusion: the Volturno Coastal Plain case study
Authors: Tarallo D. , Alberico I. , Cavuoto G. , Pelosi N. , Punzo M. , Di Fiore V.
Published: November 2023

In coastal alluvial plains, the variability of sedimentary inputs, tectonic and eustatism causes a complex subsurface geology which influences the position of fresh/saltwater interface. Furthermore, in these areas densely populated, the over-pumping of freshwater, coupled with the climate change events, promotes the landward migration of freshwater/saltwater boundary. This research illustrates the ability of geophysical tools to recognize the presence of salt/brackish water at Volturno Coastal Plain, Southern Italy. This area is characterized by a peculiar geological setting, due to the proximity at Somma–Vesuvio and Campi Flegrei volcanic areas, which profoundly influences the circulation of groundwater. The subsurface is mainly characterized by: (i) two denser layers located at − 10 m and − 20 m depth which in part prevents the vertical migration of groundwater, (ii) facies heteropy that facilitates the hydraulic connection between the different geological bodies, (iii) a discontinuous Campanian Ignimbrite deposits which favor the hydraulic connection between deeper and shallower aquifers. In this geological framework, 2D-ERT and 3D-ERT integrated with Downhole, Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves and boreholes made possible to recognize the presence of two main zones with salt and brackish waters, respectively. The first zone, characterized by very low resistivity (≤ 1 Ωm) typical of salt water, stretches 1.5 km inland from the coast. The second zone, with a resistivity between 2 and 5 Ωm typical of brackish water, continues for other 3 km inland. This knowledge is useful for the engagement of all stakeholders (farmers, ranchers and policy makers) in the sustainable use of fresh water and for making water management plan operational tools.
Tunable polymeric micelles for taxane and corticosteroid co-delivery
Authors: Shalmani Armin Azadkhah , Wang Alec , Ahmed Zaheer , Sheybanifard Maryam , Mihyar Rahaf , Buhl Eva Miriam , Pohl Michael , Hennink Wim E. , Kiessling Fabian , Metselaar Josbert M. , Shi Yang , Lammers Twan , Peña Quim
Published: November 2023

Nanomedicine holds promise for potentiating drug combination therapies. Increasing (pre)clinical evidence is available exemplifying the value of co-formulating and co-delivering different drugs in modular nanocarriers. Taxanes like paclitaxel (PTX) are widely used anticancer agents, and commonly combined with corticosteroids like dexamethasone (DEX), which besides for suppressing inflammation and infusion reactions, are increasingly explored for modulating the tumor microenvironment towards enhanced nano-chemotherapy delivery and efficacy. We here set out to develop a size- and release rate-tunable polymeric micelle platform for co-delivery of taxanes and corticosteroids. We synthesized amphiphilic mPEG-b-p(HPMAm-Bz) block copolymers of various molecular weights and used them to prepare PTX and DEX single- and double-loaded micelles of different sizes. Both drugs could be efficiently co-encapsulated, and systematic comparison between single- and co-loaded formulations demonstrated comparable physicochemical properties, encapsulation efficiencies, and release profiles. Larger micelles showed slower drug release, and DEX release was always faster than PTX. The versatility of the platform was exemplified by co-encapsulating two additional taxane-corticosteroid combinations, demonstrating that drug hydrophobicity and molecular weight are key properties that strongly contribute to drug retention in micelles. Altogether, our work shows that mPEG-b-p(HPMAm-Bz) polymeric micelles serve as a tunable and versatile nanoparticle platform for controlled co-delivery of taxanes and corticosteroids, thereby paving the way for using these micelles as a modular carrier for multidrug nanomedicine.

Graphical abstract
Proprioceptive and olfactory deficits in individuals with Parkinson disease and mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Li Kuan-yi , Pickett Kristen A. , Fu Hsuan-wei , Chen Rou-shayn
Published: November 2023

Background

Individuals with neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s (AD) disease often present with perceptual impairments at an early clinical stage. Therefore, early identification and quantification of these impairments could facilitate diagnosis and early intervention.

Objectives

This study aimed to compare proprioceptive and olfactory sensitivities in individuals diagnosed with PD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods

Proprioception in the forearm and olfactory function were measured in neurotypical older adults, individuals with PD, and individuals with MCI. Position and passive motion senses were assessed using a passive motion apparatus. The traditional Chinese version of the University of Pennsylvania smell identification test (UPSIT-TC) and the smell threshold test (STT) were used to identify and discriminate smell, respectively.

Results

Position sense threshold between the groups differed significantly (p < 0.001), with the PD (p < 0.001) and MCI (p = 0.004) groups showing significantly higher than the control group. The control group had significantly higher mean UPSIT-TC scores than the PD (p < 0.001) and MCI (p = 0.006) groups. The control group had a significantly lower mean STT threshold than the PD and MCI groups (p < 0.001 and p = 0.008, respectively). UPSIT-TC scores significantly correlated with disease progression in PD (r = − 0.50, p = 0.008) and MCI (r = 0.44, p = 0.04).

Conclusions

Proprioceptive and olfactory sensitivities were reduced in individuals with PD and MCI, and these deficits were related to disease severity. These findings support previous findings indicating that perceptual loss may be a potential biomarker for diagnosing and monitoring disease progression in individuals with neurodegenerative diseases.
Effective turbid water treatment using natural eco-friendly coagulants derived from oat and onion seeds
Authors: Mahanna H. , Fouad M. , Zedan T. , Mossad M.
Published: November 2023

Conventional chemical coagulants are used for potable water treatment, which requires unsustainable mining and transformation of raw materials for their production with costly sludge disposal. Natural coagulants are potential alternatives to chemical coagulants. This study emphasized the use of natural eco-friendly coagulants (oat and onion seed) for turbid water treatment. Coagulant seeds were characterized by different techniques such as SEM, EDX, FTIR, and zeta potential analyzer. Response surface method (RSM) was used to optimize the coagulation process. The effect of initial water turbidity, pH, coagulant seed extract dose, slow mix time, and settling time on the efficiency of turbidity removal was studied. The relation between removal efficiency and the main three significant operational parameters (initial water turbidity, pH, and coagulant extract dose) was fitted to a quadratic model. The optimal removal was achieved at alkaline and neutral media (pH = 7–11 for oat extract and pH = 7–9 for onion extract). The turbidity removal efficiency was 99% using 6 ml/L oat extract dose and 98.9% using 4 ml/L onion extract dose at pH equal to 8 and initial turbidity of 190 NTU. The effect of using oat extract or onion extract with alum was studied, and the results indicated that the optimum dose was found to be 1 ml/L of a natural extract with 10 mg/L alum. Furthermore, oat and onion extract aids were able to decrease the organic load in the treated water. Oat and onion seed extracts were proven to be efficient and eco-friendly natural coagulants or coagulant aids for surface water treatment.
Classification of additive mappings on certain rings and algebras
Authors: Ansari Abu Zaid
Published: November 2023

The objective of this research is to prove that an additive mapping $$\Delta :{\mathcal {A}}\rightarrow {\mathcal {A}}$$

Δ
:
A
→
A

will be a generalized derivation associated with a derivation $$\partial :{\mathcal {A}}\rightarrow {\mathcal {A}}$$

∂
:
A
→
A

if it satisfies the following identity $$\Delta (r^{m+n+p})=\Delta (r^m)r^{n+p}+r^m\partial (r^{n})r^p+r^{m+n}\partial (r^p)$$

Δ

(

r

m
+
n
+
p

)

=
Δ

(

r
m

)

r

n
+
p

+

r
m

∂

(

r
n

)

r
p

+

r

m
+
n

∂

(

r
p

)

for all $$r\in {\mathcal {A}}$$

r
∈
A

, where $$m, n\ge 1$$

m
,
n
≥
1

and $$p\ge 0$$

p
≥
0

are fixed integers and $${\mathcal {A}}$$
A
is a semiprime ring. Another analogous has been done where an additive mapping behaves like a generalized left derivation associated with a left derivation on $${\mathcal {A}}$$
A
satisfying certain algebraic identity. The proofs of these advancements are derived employing algebraic concepts. These theorems have been validated by offering an example that shows they are not insignificant. Furthermore, we provide an application in the framework of Banach algebra.
Ripple spreading algorithm: a new method for solving multi-objective shortest path problems with mixed time windows
Authors: Yu Shilin , Song Yuantao
Published: November 2023

In emergency management, the transportation scheduling of emergency supplies and relief personnel can be regarded as the multi-objective shortest path problem with mixed time window (MOSPPMTW), which has high requirements for timeliness and effectiveness, but the current solution algorithms cannot simultaneously take into account the solution accuracy and computational speed, which is very unfavorable for emergency path decision-making. In this paper, we establish MOSPPMTW matching emergency rescue scenarios, which simultaneously enables the supplies and rescuers to arrive at the emergency scene as soon as possible in the shortest time and at the smallest cost. To solve the complete Pareto optimal surface, we present a ripple spreading algorithm (RSA), which determines the complete Pareto frontier by performing a ripple relay race to obtain the set of Pareto optimal path solutions. The proposed RSA algorithm does not require an initial solution and iterative iterations and only needs to be run once to obtain the solution set. Furthermore, we prove the optimality and time complexity of RSA and conduct multiple sets of example simulation experiments. Compared with other algorithms, RSA performs better in terms of computational speed and solution quality. The advantage is especially more obvious in the computation of large-scale problems. It is applicable to various emergency disaster relief scenarios and can meet the requirements of fast response and timeliness.
Intelligent prediction method for fracture pressure based on stacking ensemble algorithm
Authors: Zhang Hao , Ren Yangfeng , Zhang Yan , Zheng Shuangjin
Published: November 2023

Fracture pressure is an important reference for wellbore stability analysis and hydraulic fracturing. Considering the low prediction accuracy, significant deviations, and limited applicability of traditional methods for predicting formation fracture pressure, this paper proposes an intelligent prediction method for fracture pressure using conventional well logging data based on the Stacking ensemble algorithm. The base learners of the model include RF, KNN, and LSTM algorithms with low correlation. The meta-learner adopts the XGBoost algorithm. The effectiveness of the model is validated using the fracture pressure data from Dagang Oilfield. The prediction results indicate that the stacking algorithm outperforms individual algorithms. After optimization with genetic algorithm, the R2 of the stacking model is 0.989, RMSE is 0.009%, and MAE is 0.32%. The global sensitivity analysis results show that AC and DEN in the well logging data have higher sensitivity to the fracture pressure. When using intelligent fracture pressure prediction methods, it is essential to ensure the accuracy of AC and DEN data. The work demonstrates the reliability and effectiveness of the method proposed for the intelligent prediction of fracturing pressure using conventional well logging data through Stacking ensemble algorithm to overcome the limitations of traditional methods.
Development of low-carbon recycled aggregate concrete using carbonation treatment and alccofine
Authors: Sharma Himanshu , Ashish Deepankar Kumar , Sharma Sanjay Kumar
Published: November 2023

Since the construction industry is one of the major sectors responsible for the overexploitation of natural resources and the production of greenhouse gases, there is an urgent need to adopt a sustainable and environmental friendly approach to mitigate climate degradation. Research has explored the potential of recycled aggregate (RA) as a viable alternative to natural aggregate in concrete production. Currently, several treatment methods are being employed to enhance the efficient incorporation of RA into concrete, aiming to address this issue. However, the effective utilization of RA in place of NA remains uncommon. In this study, an effort has been made to develop a low-carbon recycled aggregate concrete by utilizing 100% carbonation treated recycled coarse concrete aggregate (CRCCA) in place of natural coarse aggregate (NCA) and alccofine as mineral admixture. A comprehensive analysis was performed, comparing the properties of CRCCA to those of untreated recycled coarse concrete aggregate. This analysis covered changes in weight, bulk density, water absorption, crushing value, and microstructure. Furthermore, five different concrete mixes were prepared, each varying in the proportion of natural coarse aggregate (NCA), untreated RCCA, and CRCCA. These mixes also incorporated alccofine as a mineral admixture. The evaluation process involved assessing the effectiveness of carbonation treatment and alccofine addition through tests on the workability, water absorption, density, and compressive strength of the concrete mixes. The study demonstrated that carbonation treatment of RCCA resulted in substantial improvements in crushing value and water absorption of CRCCA, alongside enhanced workability, reduced water absorption, and increased density in CRCCA concrete. Moreover, CRCCA concrete exhibited notable compressive strength gains at both 28 and 90 days compared to untreated RCCA concrete. Furthermore, the use of CRCCA and alccofine contributed to reducing GHG emissions associated with cement production, emphasizing the environmentally friendly attributes of this low-carbon concrete formulation.
Toward a Methodology for Social Sustainability Assessment: a Review of Existing Frameworks and a Proposal for a Catalog of Criteria
Authors: Richter Fanny , Gawenko Wladislav , Götze Uwe , Hinz Michael
Published: November 2023

Social sustainability and, in particular, its measurement and reporting are gaining importance in society, politics and business but are facing major challenges. This is because there are no standardized and uniform approaches or frameworks. The existing approaches cover social issues, but no systematic presentation has been proposed. Moreover, there is no approach that can be applied in both management accounting and financial reporting. The aim of this paper is to present a catalog of criteria for addressing this issue and thus to close the research gap. For this purpose, frameworks utilizing catalogs of criteria for social sustainability assessment and reporting are analyzed and critically reviewed. One major weakness found is that all frameworks are oriented around only socially protected values in their catalogs. As social sustainability is focused on the impact on stakeholders, these are frequently missed. One solution to this problem is to adopt a 1:1 ratio of socially protected values to stakeholders, which is developed and described in this paper via a catalog of criteria. Furthermore, a systematic presentation of social issues using a four-level structure is proposed. Social indicators are, in turn, assigned to subcategories, to supercategories, and finally to stakeholders. This not only improves transparency and comprehensibility but also simplifies decision-making. A procedure model for the application of the catalog is also suggested. Such a catalog has not been described in previous research.
Religiosität, Religion und Verschwörungsmentalität in der Covid-19-Pandemie
Authors: Pickel Gert , Schneider Verena , Pickel Susanne , Öztürk Cemal , Decker Oliver
Published: November 2023

Die Covid-19-Pandemie rückt Verschwörungsmentalität in den Fokus des öffentlichen Interesses. Der Glauben an Verschwörungserzählungen reichte dabei weit über radikale Kreise hinaus. Die Covid-19-Pandemie fungierte (nicht nur) in Deutschland als „Booster“ für die Sichtbarkeit und Öffentlichkeit von Verschwörungsmentalität. Der vorliegende Artikel analysiert mit Daten von 2020 die Beziehungen zwischen Religiosität, Religionszugehörigkeit und Verschwörungsmentalität. Dies geschieht auf der Basis der Feststellung, dass eine Verschwörungsmentalität eine demokratische politische Kultur untergräbt. Überlegungen zum autoritären Charakter von Adorno bestätigend, scheinen Esoteriker und fundamentalistische Gläubige nur begrenzt offener für Verschwörungserzählungen. Wichtiger ist, dass religiöse Gruppen als zentrale Personifizierung für die dunklen Mächte hinter den ausgemachten Verschwörungen dienen. Neben antisemitischen Ressentiments ist auch antimuslimischer Rassismus in Verschwörungserzählungen präsent, wie nicht zuletzt die Verschwörungserzählung vom „Großen Bevölkerungsaustausch“ zeigt.
Extensions of Functions with a Closed Graph and Quasi-continuous Functions with a Closed Graph from Dense Subspaces
Authors: Kosman Jolanta
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we prove some conditions for existence of an extension of a real (quasi-continuous) function with a closed graph defined on a given dense subset D of a topological space X to a (quasi-continuous) function with a closed graph on whole X.
Comparison between artificial fire blight shoot and flower inoculations in apple
Authors: Bühlmann-Schütz Simone , Hodel Marius , Dorfmann Elias , Vonmetz Lukas , Lussi Luzia , Patocchi Andrea
Published: November 2023

Fire blight is the most important bacterial disease in apple (Malus × domestica). Owing to the severity of the caused damages, fire blight resistance is an important breeding objective. In the past, various phenotypic screening methods and strategies have been used to identify new sources of fire blight resistance for breeding. In this study, breeding material, modern cultivars and heirloom accessions were phenotyped by artificial inoculation of shoots under greenhouse (n = 273) and flowers under field conditions (n = 20) and genotyped for known resistance genes and quantitative trait loci by using molecular markers. A comparison between the two phenotyping methods was made in relation to the two control varieties ‘Gala Galaxy’ and ‘Enterprise’. The results obtained for the resistance sources FB_MR5, Fb_E and FB_F7 are consistent with previously published data, showing a large effect of the two major resistance genes FB_MR5 (‘Malus × robusta 5’) and Fb_E (‘Evereste’). Genotypes carrying FB_F7 showed greater variation in their resistance levels, but were on average less susceptible than ‘Gala Galaxy’ and genotypes with no known resistance gene or quantitative trait locus (QTLs) in both tests. No correlation was found between the results of 18 genotypes phenotyped with both inoculation methods. The ranking of genotypes according to their flower and shoot fire blight resistance varied between the two methods. However, 11 of the 18 tested genotypes showed no significant difference between the results of the two methods. Additionally, it was found that flower shedding appears to be an important triggered mechanism for flower resistance to fire blight.
PV based OFF grid charging station for E-vehicles using PWM and phase shift controlled interleaved three port converter
Authors: Swamynathan Kudiyarasan , Mahalingam N. , Paramasivam Alagumariyappan , Vijayalakshmi Sankaran
Published: November 2023

In recent years, Electric Vehicles are becoming more popular. The pollution level in the atmosphere can be effectively minimized by using Electric vehicles for large-scale transportation. A battery station is required for continuous operation; however, the Photovoltaic-based OFF grid charging station can only operate during the day. Therefore, the three-port converters have started to arise from a number of current EV charging station developments. In this study, a unique PWM and Phase Shift Controller are proposed to reduce switching losses and to improve reliability. In addition, for Maximum PowerPoint Tracking, a Fuzzy is added to the PV system. Furthermore, an appropriate interleaved boost converter topology is used to create the various charging voltages required for EV and battery stations. The proposed topology is simulated, and the hardware prototype has been created and tested. The result shows that the proposed topology has a better efficiency than the traditional converters.

Article Highlights.

A dual composite charging station for electric vehicle charging in environment friendly manner.

Optimization of power electronics required in Electric Vehicle charging stations.

Maximum utilization of battery for cyclic charging from charger and discharging through Electric Vehicles.
Application of the Air-Jet Laser Detection Technology for Asphalt Binders
Authors: Wang Zhijun , Huang Xiaoming , Ma Rong
Published: November 2023

A fast and convenient technique for Asphalt Binders was proposed in this paper, which was based on air-jet pressurized and laser to detect the transient deformation and creep recovery of asphalt. Taking five kinds of asphalt and modified asphalt commonly used in China as the research objects, the performance of asphalt were tested and analyzed by adopting the Penetration Test, Dynamic Shear Rheological (DSR) Test, Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery (MSCR) Test and the proposed test technology. The results verified the feasibility of the proposed test technology and the correlation between the traditional tests and the proposed test technology. The results demonstrated that the proposed test technology had good discrimination ability for different kinds of asphalt and could effectively reflect the performance differences. The new test protocol was similar to the Penetration Test. There was a significant correlation between the maximum deformation index and penetration index. The correlation coefficient was above 0.8, and the p value was much less than 0.01. It could be used as a possible alternative to the Penetration Test. The proposed new test was relatively convenient and fast compared with the dynamic shear test. There was a linear correlation between the maximum deflection index and the complex shear modulus G*, and the correlation coefficient between the recovery index and the phase angle is above 0.8, which indicated that the proposed new test and the DSR test had a significant correlation. There was also a good correlation between the creep recovery index of MSCR test and the recovery data of the proposed new test method. The research results provided a new solution for the performance test and evaluation of asphalt in China.
Distribution of molybdenum in soft tissues and blood of rats after intratracheal instillation of molybdenum(IV) sulfide nano- and microparticles
Authors: Kuraś Renata , Stępnik Maciej , Grobelny Jarosław , Tomaszewska Emilia , Stanisławska Magdalena , Domeradzka-Gajda Katarzyna , Wąsowicz Wojciech , Janasik Beata
Published: November 2023

There is still little literature data on the toxicity and safety of the commonly used molybdenum (Mo) disulfide which is present in the working as well as living environments. Thus, an experiment was carried out involving rats, with single and repeated intratracheal exposure (in the latter case, 7 administrations at 2-week intervals with the analysis performed after 90 days) to lower (1.5 mg Mo kg−1 b.w.) and higher (5 mg Mo kg−1 b.w.) doses of molybdenum(IV) sulfide nanoparticles (MoS2-NPs) and microparticles (MoS2-MPs). The analysis of Mo concentrations in the tail and heart blood as well as in soft tissues (lung, liver, spleen, brain), after mineralization and bioimaging, was meant to facilitate an assessment of its accumulation and potential effects on the body following short- and long-term exposure. The multi-compartment model with an exponential curve of Mo concentration over time with different half-lives for the distribution and elimination phases of MoS2-MPs and MoS2-NPs was observed. After 24 h of exposure, a slight increase in Mo concentration in blood was observed. Next, Mo concentration indicated a decrease in blood concentration from 24 h to day 14 (the Mo concentration before the second administration), below the pre-exposure concentration. The next phase was linear, less abrupt and practically flat, but with an increasing trend towards the end of the experiment. Significantly higher Mo concentrations in MoS2-NPs and MoS2-MPs was found in the lungs of repeatedly exposed rats compared to those exposed to a single dose. The analysis of Mo content in the liver and the spleen tissue showed a slightly higher concentration for MoS2-NPs compared to MoS2-MPs. The results for the brain were below the calculated detection limit. Results were consistent with results obtained by bioimaging technique.
Assessment of sachet water quality in Kumasi, Ghana
Authors: Boadi Nathaniel Owusu , Saah Selina Ama , Badu Mercy , Baa-Poku Frimpomah , Odame Felix , Sakyi Patrick Opare
Published: November 2023

This study assessed the physicochemical and microbiological quality of sachet drinking water samples in Kumasi, a major city in Ghana. Samples were collected from various sources within the city. Physicochemical properties, including pH, total dissolved solids, and concentrations of calcium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium ions, were analyzed following established protocols. Additionally, fluoride concentration was determined. The assessment criteria for water quality were based on the World Health Organization’s and the Ghana Standards Authority’s recommended standards for drinking water. The samples were also subjected to microbial analysis to detect the presence of E. coli and coliforms, and to evaluate microbial quality. The findings indicated that most physicochemical properties of the samples met the World Health Organization’s standards for safe drinking water, except for the slightly acidic pH. Total dissolved solids and the concentrations of calcium, sodium, potassium, fluoride and magnesium ions were within acceptable ranges. Strong positive correlations were observed among various physicochemical parameters of sachet water. However, microbial analysis revealed that 67% of the samples were contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms, including E. coli and coliforms, indicating poor microbiological quality. While sachet water samples generally meet physicochemical safety standards, addressing microbial quality is essential to ensure the safety of drinking water in Kumasi.
Experimental investigation of a novel smart energy management system for performance enhancement of conventional solar photovoltaic microgrids
Authors: Tajjour Salwan , Chandel Shyam Singh
Published: November 2023

Solar photovoltaic microgrids are reliable and efficient systems without the need for energy storage. However, during power outages, the generated solar power cannot be used by consumers, which is one of the major limitations of conventional solar microgrids. This results in power disruption, developing hotspots in PV modules, and significant loss of generated power, thus affecting the efficiency of the system. These issues can be resolved by implementing a smart energy management system for such microgrids. In this study, a smart energy management system is proposed for conventional microgrids, which consists of two stages. First power production forecasting is done using an artificial neural network technique and then using a smart load demand management controller system which uses Grey Wolf optimiser to optimize the load consumption. To demonstrate the proposed system, an experimental microgrid setup is established to simulate and evaluate its performance under real outdoor conditions. The results show a promising system performance by reducing the conventional solar microgrids losses by 100% during clear sunny conditions and 42.6% under cloudy conditions. The study results are of relevance to further develop a smart energy management system for conventional microgrid Industry and to achieve the targets of sustainable development goals.
A New Image Segmentation Method Based on the YOLO5 and Fully Connected CRF
Authors: Huang Jian , Zhang Guangpeng , Ren Li juan , Wang Nina
Published: November 2023

When manually polishing blades, skilled workers can quickly machine a blade by observing the characteristics of the polishing sparks. To help workers better recognize spark images, we used an industrial charge-coupled device (CCD) camera to capture the spark images. Firstly, the spark image region detected by yolo5, then segment from the background. Secondly, the target region was further segmented and refined in a fully connected conditional random field (CRF), from which the complete spark image obtained. Experimental results showed that this method could quickly and accurately segment whole spark image. The test results showed that this method was better than other image segmentation algorithms. Our method could better segment irregular image, improve recognition and segmentation efficiency of spark image, achieve automatic image segmentation, and replace human observation.
Joint Involvement Can Predict Chikungunya in a Dengue Syndemic Setting in India
Authors: Sinha Abhinav , Savargaonkar Deepali , De Auley , Tiwari Aparna , Yadav C. P. , Anvikar Anupkumar R.
Published: November 2023

Dengue and chikungunya have been endemic in India but have the tendency to cause periodic epidemics, often together, wherein they are termed ‘syndemic’. Such a syndemic was observed in 2016 in India which resulted in a further scarcity of already resource-poor specific diagnostic infrastructure even in many urban conglomerates. A cross-sectional study was thus conducted, on 978 fever patients that consulted the ICMR-NIMR fever clinic, New Delhi, in September 2016, with an objective to identify symptom/s that could predict chikungunya with certainty. The overall aim was to rationally channelize the most clinically suitable patients for the required specific diagnosis of chikungunya. Based on their clinical profile, febrile patients attending NIMR’s clinic, appropriate laboratory tests and their association analyses were performed. Bivariate analysis on 34 clinical parameters revealed that joint pain, joint swelling, rashes, red spots, weakness, itching, loss of taste, red eyes, and bleeding gums were found to be statistically significantly associated predictors of chikungunya as compared to dengue. While, in multivariate analysis, only four symptoms (joint pain in elbows, joint swelling, itching and bleeding gums) were found in statistically significant association with chikungunya. Hence, based on the results, a clinician may preferably channelize febrile patients with one or more of these four symptoms for chikungunya-specific diagnosis and divert the rest for dengue lab diagnosis in a dengue–chikungunya syndemic setting.
ON MODEL-THEORETIC CONNECTED GROUPS
Authors: GISMATULLIN JAKUB
Published: November 2023

We introduce and study the model-theoretic notions of absolute connectedness and type-absolute connectedness for groups. We prove that groups of rational points of split semisimple linear groups (that is, Chevalley groups) over arbitrary infinite fields are absolutely connected and characterize connected Lie groups which are type-absolutely connected. We prove that the class of type-absolutely connected group is exactly the class of discretely topologized groups with the trivial Bohr compactification, that is, the class of minimally almost periodic groups.
Deconstructing spontaneous expressions of memory in dementia
Authors: Irish Muireann
Published: November 2023

Dementia syndromes offer a unique opportunity to clarify some of the component processes of spontaneous expressions of memory proposed by the Barzykowski and Moulin model. By considering the model through the lens of memory disorders, I outline several important extensions to progress our understanding of these spontaneous cognitive phenomena.
What do we gain (or lose) by considering déjà vu a part of autobiographical memory?
Authors: Staugaard Søren Risløv
Published: November 2023

I argue the relationship between déjà vu and autobiographical memory is not continuous, but more akin to a path diagram. The starting points might be overlapping, but eventually the paths diverge dependent on whether there is memory content to be retrieved. I am worried that considering déjà vu as part of autobiographical memory solves more problems than it creates.
Déjà vu: A botched memory operation, illegitimate to start with
Authors: Stendardi Debora , Basu Anindita , Treves Alessandro , Ciaramelli Elisa
Published: November 2023

Rather than a natural product, a computational analysis leads us to characterize déjà vu as a failure of memory retrieval, linked to the activation in neocortex of familiar items from a compositional memory in the absence of hippocampal input, and to a misappropriation by the self of what is of others.
Déjà vu and involuntary autobiographical memories as two distinct cases of familiarity in patients with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Gautier Joanna , Bulteau Samuel , Chapelet Guillaume , El Haj Mohamad
Published: November 2023

The continuum between involuntary autobiographical memories and déjà vu, as proposed by Barzykowski and Moulin, can be better defined by considering research on autobiographical retrieval in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Although autobiographical retrieval in patients with Alzheimer's disease can generally be associated with a sense of familiarity, involuntary retrieval can trigger an autonoetic experience of retrieval in these patients.