bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beyond Theory: A Mixed-Methods Investigation of Postgraduate Engagement with ChatGPT for IELTS Speaking
Authors: Xu Xiaosu , Su Yujie , Zhang Huanhuan , Zhang Yunfeng , Hao Shanshan
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the burgeoning interest in ChatGPT's role in education, with a particular emphasis on its effects on postgraduate students' English-speaking proficiency, a topic previously explored mainly through theoretical lenses with scant empirical evidence. The research aims to fill this gap by examining the experiences and perceptions of Chinese postgraduate students using ChatGPT for IELTS speaking practice. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study combines experimental engagement with ChatGPT, analysis of reflective diaries, and responses from questionnaires to gauge the platform's efficacy in fostering enthusiasm for English language practice. The findings indicate a positive impact of ChatGPT on learners' engagement, as evidenced by an increase in practice frequency. A significant correlation was observed between regular interaction with ChatGPT and improvements in English grammar skills among participants. Thematic analysis of reflective diaries highlighted ChatGPT's contribution to language learning and students' proactive approach to acquiring English-speaking skills. Nonetheless, there was a consensus among students for a need for more human-like interactions from ChatGPT. The study contributes valuable insights into the potential of chatbots to enhance English-speaking skills in EFL contexts, offering practical recommendations for educators and developers to optimize chatbot learning experiences.
Formin-like 1 β phosphorylation at S1086 is necessary for secretory polarized traffic of exosomes at the immune synapse in Jurkat T lymphocytes
Authors: Ruiz-Navarro Javier , Fernández-Hermira Sara , Sanz-Fernández Irene , Barbeito Pablo , Navarro-Zapata Alfonso , Pérez-Martínez Antonio , Garcia-Gonzalo Francesc R. , Calvo Víctor , Izquierdo Manuel
Published: June 2024

T-cell receptor stimulation (TCR) by antigen bound to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on an antigen-presenting cell (APC) induces protein kinase C (PKC) activation and the formation of the immune synapse (IS), followed by depletion of filamentous actin (F-actin) at the central region of the IS (cIS) and the polarization of multivesicular bodies (MVB) and the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) to the IS. These events lead to polarized exosome secretion at the IS. These exosomes are involved in several crucial immune responses such as autocrine activation-induced cell death (AICD) of T lymphocytes and cytotoxicity. We analysed here how formin-like 1 beta (FMNL1beta), an actin cytoskeleton-regulatory protein, regulates MTOC/MVB polarization and exosome secretion at an IS model in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. IS formation was associated with transient recruitment of FMNL1beta to the IS, which was independent of protein kinase C delta (PKCdelta). Simultaneous RNA interference of all FMNL1 isoforms prevented MTOC/MVB polarization and exosome secretion, which were restored by FMNL1betaWT expression. However, expression of the non-phosphorylatable mutant FMNL1βS1086A did not restore neither MTOC/MVB polarization nor exosome secretion to control levels, supporting the crucial role of S1086 phosphorylation in MTOC/MVB polarization and exosome secretion. In contrast, the phosphomimetic mutant, FMNL1βS1086D, restored MTOC/MVB polarization and exosome secretion. Conversely, FMNL1βS1086D mutant did not recover the deficient MTOC/MVB polarization occurring in PKCdelta-interfered clones, indicating that S1086 FMNL1beta phosphorylation alone is not sufficient for MTOC/MVB polarization and exosome secretion. FMNL1 interference inhibited the depletion of F-actin at the cIS, which is necessary for MTOC/MVB polarization. FMNL1betaWT and FMNL1βS1086D, but not FMNL1βS1086A expression, restored F-actin depletion at the cIS. Thus, actin cytoskeleton reorganization at the IS underlies the effects of all these FMNL1beta variants on polarized secretory traffic. FMNL1 was found in the IS made by primary T lymphocytes, both in TCR and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-evoked synapses. Taken together, these results point out a crucial role of S1086 phosphorylation in FMNL1beta activation, leading to cortical actin reorganization and subsequent control of MTOC/MVB polarization and exosome secretion.
Near-Complete Phosphorus Recovery from Challenging Water Matrices Using Multiuse Ceramsite Made from Water Treatment Residual (WTR)
Authors: Xue Jinkai , Chen Jianfei , Liu Jinyong , Samaei Seyed Hesam-Aldin , Robbins Leslie
Published: June 2024

Water treatment residual (WTR) is a burden for many water treatment plants due to the large volumes and associated management costs. Here, we transform aluminum-salt WTR (Al-WTR) into ceramsite (ASC) to recover phosphate from challenging waters. ASC showed remarkably higher specific surface area (SSA, 70.53 m2/g) and phosphate adsorption capacity (calculated 47.2 mg P/g) compared with previously reported ceramsite materials (< 40 m2/g SSA and < 20 mg P/g). ASC recovered > 94.9% phosphate over a wide pH range (3 – 11) and generally sustained > 90% of its phosphate recovery at high concentrations of competing anions (i.e., Cl-, F-, SO42-, or HCO3-) or humic acid (HA). We challenged the material with real municipal wastewater at 10℃ and achieved simultaneous phosphate (>97.1%) and COD removal (71.2%). Once saturated with phosphate, ASC can be repurposed for landscaping or soil amendment. Economic analysis indicates that ASC can be a competitive alternative to natural clay-based ceramsite, biochar, or other useful materials. Therefore, ASC is an eco-friendly, cost-effective adsorbent for phosphate recovery from complex waters, shedding light upon a circular economy in the water sector.
Synopsis: Ceramsite made from aluminum-salt water treatment residual exhibited great capability of recovering phosphate from waters under challenging conditions.
Exercise may benefit those with endometriosis: the Exercise 4 Endo trans-Tasman online survey
Authors: Brooks Cristy , Semprini Alex , Eathorne Allie , Black Melissa , Walton Michaela , Armour Associate Professor Mike
Published: June 2024

Endometriosis affects 1 in 9 women. Current medical and surgical management strategies are not always effective and often result in significant side effects, including sub-optimal pain management. Exercise may exhibit benefits to those with endometriosis, via hormonal and/or inflammatory cytokine mediation pathways. However, previous research has provided mixed results about the impact of exercise, with some studies reporting significant adverse effects. This study aims to determine if those with endometriosis are engaging in exercise, what type(s) of exercise and what impact it has on their symptoms. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted via Qualtrics (August to October 2022). Inclusion criteria included endometriosis diagnosis, 18 + years of age and living in Australia or Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ). 424 responses were received, 63% from Australia and 37% from NZ. 73.8% exercised regularly (weekly basis), with walking the most common modality (87.8%). More than half of respondents revealed exercise was part of their endometriosis self-management strategy (51.6%). The majority of respondents exercised for mental health benefits (84.5%). Negative effects on endometriosis symptoms (e.g. pain) was the most frequently reported reason for not currently exercising (36.6%). This study showed many people with endometriosis in Australia and NZ chose to exercise regularly. Some respondents reported not currently exercising due to negative effects on symptoms, but many used exercise for symptom management, or to benefit their ongoing physical and mental health. Exercise may be a promising avenue for non-surgical treatment of endometriosis, but further research is needed to explore appropriate exercise prescription to limit symptom exacerbation.
Generation principle for the robust comb-like resonant modes in photonic crystal ring resonator
Authors: Ge Rui , Xing Dengke
Published: June 2024

Topological valley photonic crystal cavity supports the robust comb-like resonant modes, and thus is widely applied in chiral coupling of quantum dots, laser, nonlinear frequency conversion process, and photonic logical elements. So far, its robustness is mostly attributed to the different topological properties of the valley photonic crystals. In this work, we illustrate that the position of circular polarization topological singularity is the most important factor to generate comb-like resonant modes with robustness. We proposed a photonic crystal ring resonator purely by the linedefect waveguide, and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed cavity can generate robust comb-like resonant modes. This work can provide guidance to the design of high-quality and robust photonic crystal cavity.
A Comparison of Coronary Heart Disease Incidence BetweenPolice in Urban and Rural Areas: A Study of East Java Regional Police, Indonesia
Authors: Rakhmawati Iwana A. , Khrisna Bagus P. , Shanti Bayu D. , Valentine Vammy B. , Fadila Alvin , Sumarto Safitri M. , Nisa' Iliyin S.F. , Putri Nadya N.M , Lestari Dewi , Adhi Asri D.
Published: June 2024

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a serious condition with significant impacts on morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs, particularly prevalent among police officers. Police are a high-risk occupational group due to their activities. Police work is thought to be associated with high workload, occupational stress, disordered eating, lack of exercise, limited food options at work, overtime and shift work, as well as sleep disturbances which are significantly correlated with the risk of CHD. This research aims to investigate the variances in coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence and risk factors among urban and rural police officers within the East Java Regional Police, providing an assessment and strategic preventive approach for CHD.
Results: A cross-sectional study enrolled 766 participants, comprising 383 urban police officers and 383 rural police officers. Data were collected during medical check-ups at the Bhayangkara State Police Hospital Surabaya in 2024, including complete physical and laboratory examinations such as initial electrocardiography, treadmill tests, total cholesterol and fasting blood sugar. CHD was assessed by ischaemic changes in ECG and/or symptoms during treadmill testing, pre-existing evidence from medical history e.g. previous cardiac events (MI, angina) angiography. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed using IBM SPSS version 26. CHD prevalence was significantly higher in urban police officers (89.7%) compared to rural police officers (10.3%) (p=0.000). Total cholesterol, as a risk factor variable, showed a significant correlation with CHD (p=0.003, p<0.05).
Conclusions: Both urban and rural police officers exhibit CHD risk, with urban officers demonstrating a higher prevalence. These findings underscore the importance of implementing aggressive CHD prevention strategies, treatments, early clinical and echocardiographic follow-ups to improve outcomes.
Optimizing Inventory Management through Multiobjective Reverse Logistics with Environmental Impact.
Authors: Wadhawan Indu Bala , Rizvi Mohammed Mustafa
Published: June 2024

We present novel mathematical models for inventory management within a reverse logistics system. Technological advancements, sustainability initiatives, and evolving customer behaviours have significantly increased the demand for repaired products. Our models account for varying demand levels for newly produced and repaired items. To optimize overall costs with constrained scenarios, we formulated mixed integer programming problems. Solution procedures for the proposed problems are introduced, and the accuracy of these solutions has been validated through numerical experiments. Additionally, we address the cost of waste disposal as an environmental concern. This paper develops a multiobjective mathematical model and provides an algorithm for the Pareto solution. Various scalarization techniques are utilized to identify the Pareto front, and a comparison of these techniques is presented.
IMMUNE-MICROENVIRONMENT DYNAMICS IN CANCER: IMPLICATIONS FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY
Authors:   Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 N Elm St, Denton, Texas, USA., Turupati Perini , Amanchi Manikanta ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 N Elm St, Denton, Texas, USA., Udarapu Saikiran ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 N Elm St, Denton, Texas, USA., Durga Posa Pavani ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 N Elm St, Denton, Texas, USA., Manohar Irkullawar Ishika ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 N Elm St, Denton, Texas, USA., Boyapati Jasvitha ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Sravani Kuchibhotla Abhinaya ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Priya Amarthaluri Santhi ,   Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateshwara College of Pharmacy, Madhapur, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Published: June 2024

Understanding the intricate interplay between cancer cells and the immune microenvironment is crucial for advancing immunotherapy strategies. This review explores the intricate landscape of the TME, focusing on its diverse cellular and molecular components and their roles in immune evasion and immunotherapy response. The tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises a complex network of immune cells, stromal cells, and soluble factors that dynamically interact with cancer cells. This dynamic crosstalk shapes the tumors immune landscape, influencing tumor progression, metastasis, and response to therapy. In recent years, immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment by targeting immune checkpoints, enhancing immune cell activation, and modulating the TME. However, the heterogeneous nature of the TME and the evolving tumor-immune interactions pose challenges for effective immunotherapy. This review discusses the diverse cellular and molecular components of the TME, their roles in immune evasion, and the mechanisms underlying response or resistance to immunotherapy. Insights gained from unraveling the complexities of the TME hold promise for developing personalized immunotherapy approaches tailored to individual patients.
Problematizando o direito à educação no Brasil na pandemia
Authors: Tebaldi Evelin Louise Pavan Ribeiro , Lemes Sebastião de Souza
Published: June 2024

Esta é uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o direito à educação no Brasil, no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19, quando o processo de ensino e de aprendizagem institucionalizado ocorreu por meio do Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE). O objetivo do estudo é problematizar a perspectiva de que o ERE não garante o direito à educação nessa circunstância, dado que o ensino presencial e o remoto são processos distintos. Para tanto, realizamos uma revisão literária sobre a construção do direito à educação, fundamentada em Bobbio (2004), Boto (2005) e na legislação educacional brasileira; e uma revisão bibliográfica que possibilitou levantar quatro estudos de educadores que abordaram o direito à educação em tempos de pandemia. Enquanto dois estudos teóricos posicionaram-se negativamente quanto à garantia do direito à educação no ERE, devido sobretudo às grandes desigualdades educacionais nacionais, outro estudo teórico mostrou-se cauteloso, colocando prerrequisitos para essa garantia. Um estudo de caso, com base na experiência investigada, posicionou-se positivamente quanto à garantia do direito à educação pelo ensino remoto em uma emergência. Após a análise dos estudos citados, percebemos a falta de percepção de que ensino presencial e remoto são processos de escolarização distintos que precisam ser qualificados segundo suas conjunturas estrutural, funcional, didático-pedagógico e circunstanciais, caso contrário corremos o risco de uma comparação ingênua e injusta da atuação da escola nesse período.
Utilización de imágenes del archivo audiovisual en los informativos de Canal Extremadura TV
Authors: Caldera Serrano Jorge , Vázquez de Ágredos Jaén Verónica
Published: June 2024

Se estudia la utilización de material audiovisual procedente del archivo televisivo de Canal Extremadura TV por medio del análisis de informativos en diferentes franjas horarias durante seis meses. Se visualiza cada una de las noticias del informativo detectando material procedente del archivo y analizando su contenido tanto en duración total y la utilización de material de archivo, así como la temática. Con ello se demuestra la importancia del uso de la información audiovisual en Canal Extremadura TV para la producción de otros productos informativos audiovisuales, logrando de esta manera el abaratamiento en los procesos de producción y la calidad de los contenidos emitidos.
Bioactive Amino-Quinazolines: Synthesis and Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Franco Lucas , Pinheiro Pedro , Barbosa Maria Letícia
Published: June 2024

The amino-quinazoline scaffold stands out as a privileged structure in Medicinal Chemistry, due to its pleiotropic pharmacological profile. It has been explored in the design and development of novel drug candidates for several therapeutic applications, including antihypertensive, antiinflammatory, antipsychotic, anti-Alzheimer, anticancer, antiviral, antibiotic, and antiparasitic treatments, among others. The therapeutic value of amino-quinazoline drugs was first demonstrated with the use of alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists, such as prazosin, doxazosin and terazosin. These drugs were initially approved for the treatment of hypertension and later for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Several amino-quinazoline kinase inhibitors were introduced into the clinic as innovative therapeutic alternatives for cancer treatment after the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved gefitinib in 2003 as a novel epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor drug for non-small cell lung cancer. More recently, in 2021, the kinase inhibitor belumosudil was launched as a third-line therapy for adult and pediatric patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease. This article reviews the synthetic preparation methods and pharmacological activities of bioactive amino-quinazolines described in recent decades.
Intervention of social anxiety on children: Group counseling using miracle technique and scaling questions
Authors: Fiana Anis Lud
Published: June 2024

Purpose - This research aims to test miracle tests and scaling questions to reduce social anxiety in a foster child.Method - This research applied an experimental method with One Group Pretest-Posttest design involving 7 foster children in SOS Children's Village Semarang as the subject of the research.Result - The result of this research shows that group counseling using the miracle technique and scaling questions is found effective to reduce social anxiety in foster children.Implication – These techniques could help the counselee to think in the present and the future. The use of miracle questions is perhaps on how the client's feeling or how the client would think. Miracle questions technique could be combined with scaling questions that could be done in helping the counselee to determine their objective, measure their progress, or to determine priority to take action..Originality - This research is presented the scaling questions technique focuses on the solution as well as the use of scaling questions on the individual's experience experiencing changes.***Tujuan - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji miracle test dan skala pertanyaan untuk menurunkan kecemasan sosial pada anak asuh.Metode - Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain One Group Pretest-Posttest yang melibatkan tujuh anak asuh di SOS Children's Village Semarang sebagai subjek penelitian.Hasil - Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konseling kelompok dengan menggunakan teknik miracle dan scaling questions terbukti efektif untuk menurunkan kecemasan sosial pada anak asuh.Implikasi - Teknik-teknik ini dapat membantu konseli untuk berpikir di masa sekarang dan masa depan. Penggunaan pertanyaan keajaiban mungkin dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perasaan klien atau bagaimana klien berpikir. Teknik pertanyaan ajaib dapat dikombinasikan dengan pertanyaan penskalaan yang dapat dilakukan untuk membantu konseli menentukan tujuan, mengukur kemajuan, atau menentukan prioritas untuk mengambil tindakan.Orisinalitas - Penelitian ini menyajikan teknik scaling questions yang berfokus pada solusi serta penggunaan scaling questions pada pengalaman individu yang mengalami perubahan.
The role of social support to increase the Confidence of the Deaf in the Difabel Study Council
Authors: Maullasari Sri
Published: June 2024

Purpose - This study aims to determine the role of peer social support in increasing the self-confidence of the deaf in the Difabel Study Council.Method - This research is devoted to people with hearing impairment. The approach used in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection method employed Interview and observation. The primary data sources are participants who are deaf, while the secondary data source is the administrator and participant Assembly studying the disabled. Technique for data analysis applied triangulation source. Social support is required by people with hearing impairment as an effort to suppress psychosocially.Result - The findings of this study state that the deaf perceives social support from their peers.Implication - Deaf fellows in the Difabel Study Council have an important role in social support because social support from friends makes them feel protected, and loved, and think more broadly that all humans are the same because, for the deaf.Originality - This research is presented concerning religious guidance services for deaf individuals.***Tujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran dukungan sosial teman sebaya dalam meningkatkan rasa percaya diri penyandang tunarungu di Dewan Studi Difabel.Metode – Penelitian ini dikhususkan pada penyandang disabilitas pendengaran. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan observasi. Sumber data primer adalah peserta penyandang tunarungu, sedangkan sumber data sekunder adalah pengurus dan peserta majelis pengajian penyandang disabilitas. Teknik analisis data menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Dukungan sosial diperlukan oleh penyandang disabilitas pendengaran sebagai upaya menekan secara psikososial.Hasil - Temuan penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa penyandang tunarungu merasakan dukungan sosial dari teman sebayanya.Implikasi – Teman-teman tunarungu yang tergabung dalam Dewan Kajian Difabel mempunyai peran penting dalam dukungan sosial karena dukungan sosial dari teman membuat mereka merasa dilindungi, dan dicintai, serta berpikir lebih luas bahwa semua manusia itu sama karena bagi penyandang tunarungu.Orisinalitas - Penelitian ini disajikan mengenai layanan bimbingan keagamaan bagi penyandang tunarungu.
Perspective on career assessment tools for evaluating students with specific learning disabilities
Authors: Eseadi Chiedu , Diale Boitumelo M
Published: June 2024

Purpose - The purpose of this research was to examine career assessment tools for evaluating students with specific learning disabilities (SLDs).Method - The paper adopted a narrative literature review of research papers connected to assessment tools for SLD students. Among the databases looked at were Pubmed, Google Scholar, Index Copernicus, and PsycINFO.Result  -  The results emphasize the need for assessment tools to take certain domains of difficulty into consideration when evaluating the interests and skills of students with SLDs and profiling the learning characteristics linked with the individual learning impairment also offers useful information for job preparation.Implication – Students with SLDs typically have limited career options so it would be crucial to consider career evaluation as part of the career planning and transitioning process for this group.Originality - This research reinforces the significance of employing career assessment tools for the evaluation of persons with SLDs in the process of career transition.***Tujuan - Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji alat asesmen karir untuk mengevaluasi siswa dengan ketidakmampuan belajar spesifik (SLD).Metode - Makalah ini menggunakan tinjauan literatur naratif terhadap makalah penelitian yang berhubungan dengan alat penilaian untuk siswa SLD. Di antara basis data yang ditinjau adalah Pubmed, Google Scholar, Index Copernicus, dan PsycINFO.Hasil - Hasil penelitian menekankan perlunya alat asesmen untuk mempertimbangkan domain kesulitan tertentu ketika mengevaluasi minat dan keterampilan siswa dengan SLD dan membuat profil karakteristik pembelajaran yang terkait dengan gangguan belajar individu juga menawarkan informasi yang berguna untuk persiapan kerja.Implikasi - Siswa dengan SLD biasanya memiliki pilihan karir yang terbatas, sehingga akan sangat penting untuk mempertimbangkan evaluasi karir sebagai bagian dari perencanaan karir dan proses transisi untuk kelompok ini.Keaslian - Penelitian ini memperkuat pentingnya penggunaan alat asesmen karir untuk mengevaluasi siswa dengan SLD dalam proses transisi karir.
Factores asociados a salud mental post COVID-19 en estudiantes universitarios de Barranquilla
Authors: Suárez-Villa Mariela , Camacho-Suárez Jainer , Barraza-Caballero María , Franco-Rodríguez Yuliana , Tapias-Suarez Daniel
Published: June 2024

Introducción: una buena salud mental es primordial en el desarrollo del individuo, tener un manejo apropiado de las capacidades, habilidades y herramientas personales les permite adaptarse a las necesidades del mundo actual; son muchos los factores  asociados a salud mental post COVID-19; después del confinamiento se dieron situaciones de perturbación psicosocial en la población estudiantil de educación superior. Objetivo: determinar los factores asociados a la salud mental pos confinamiento por COVID-19 en estudiantes universitarios en Barranquilla, Colombia.  Método: estudio cuantitativo correlacional, la  muestra fueron 212 estudiantes de enfermería, utilizando la calculadora de Epi Info. Resultados: el 50% de la población tiene entre 20 y 24 años, solteros, de estrato socioeconómico bajo-bajo, pertenecientes al régimen de salud subsidiado, se encontró una relación significativa entre la edad y la ansiedad, entre el género y las ideas suicidas, las variables psicosociales y familiares de interés explican de manera significativa la ocurrencia de ideas suicidas en la población estudiada. Conclusiones: existen diversos factores que influyen en la salud mental pos confinamiento por COVID-19, por ello, urge la necesidad de potenciar la resiliencia, el crecimiento personal, las    relaciones   intrafamiliares   y    particularmente a los grupos vulnerables que permitan minimizar el impacto psicosocial en la población.
Aproximación a los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre leishmaniasis en un foco del Caribe colombiano
Authors: Mejía-Chimá Wilmer , Hernández-Vera Samuel , Pérez-Vargas Oscar , Rivero-Rodríguez Matilde
Published: June 2024

Introducción: la leishmaniasis es una zoonosis de gran impacto en Colombia por el elevado número de casos que se presentan cada año, lo que la convierte en un problema de Salud Pública. Objetivo: explorar los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas en salud sobre la leishmaniasis en el municipio de Ovejas, en el Caribe colombiano, donde la enfermedad es endémica. Método: se realizaron encuestas epidemiológicas a 63 personas para explorar los conocimientos sobre leishmaniasis, su vector, prácticas de control del insecto y percepción de la comunidad. Resultados: el 81% de los encuestados conocían la leishmaniasis cutánea y 76,2% la leishmaniasis visceral. El 20,6% reconocía el vector y el 54% de las personas practicaban medidas para evitar la picadura de insectos, principalmente la fumigación. El 85,7% de los encuestados afirmaron que las autoridades de salud son responsables del control de la enfermedad, mientras que el 46% lo considera un asunto de la comunidad. Conclusión: se concluye que, aunque la comunidad conoce la leishmaniasis, desconoce al vector y no implementa medidas para su control, entre otros motivos por el desconocimiento y la percepción sobre la responsabilidad del control de la enfermedad.
BİLİŞSEL TANI TESTİNDE ÇELDİRİCİLERDEN YARARLANMA DURUMUNUN ÖĞRENME EKSİKLİKLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: İkiz Esra , Gelbal Selahattin
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğrenme eksikliklerinin belirlemek için çoktan seçmeli testlerdeki çeldiricilerden yararlanan MC-DINA modele uygun bilişsel tanı testi geliştirme ve çeldiricilerden yararlanılma durumunun örtük sınıflarda yer alan bireylerin dağılımlarına etkisini DINA model ile karşılaştırmalı olarak incelemektir. Araştırma kapsamında öncelikle 31 maddeden oluşan deneme formunun 404 öğrenciye uygulanmasıyla elde edilen veriler DINA modele göre R Studio programında analiz edilerek RMSEA değeri 0,05’ten küçük ve ayırt edicilik indeksleri en yüksek ilk 15 madde ile nihai form oluşturulmuştur. Nihai formun 827 öğrenciye uygulanmasıyla elde dilen verilerin DINA modele uygunluğu (SRMSR, MADcor, RMSEA, MADQ3 ve MADaQ3 ≤0,05) test edildikten sonra madde parametreleri hesaplanarak, DINA model ve MC-DINA modele göre Q matris ve örtük sınıf büyüklükleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Ardından MC-DINA modele göre her seçeneğin, örtük sınıflara ait seçim olasılık parametreleri hesaplanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, MC-DINA model analizlerinde örtük sınıflarda yer alan bireylerin hangi seçeneği seçme olasılığının en yüksek olduğunun belirlenmesi için seçim olasılık parametrelerinin hesaplanması, modelin DINA modele göre üstün özelliklerindedir. Ayrıca MC-DINA model analizlerinde DINA modele göre daha fazla örtük sınıf elde edilmesi sebebiyle MC-DINA modelin DINA modele göre örtük sınıfları daha iyi ayrıştırdığı sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.
Diversidad de algas marinas bentónicas del litoral de Veracruz, México
Authors: Mateo Cid Luz Elena , Mendoza-González Ángela Catalina , García López Deisy Yazmin , Hernández-Casas Cynthia Mariana , Mendéz Guzmán Issarel
Published: June 2024

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Los primeros registros de algas marinas bentónicas para el litoral de Veracruz datan de 1846; después de 114 años, ficólogos mexicanos reiniciaron su estudio. Actualmente, se tienen registradas 312 especies. Considerando está riqueza específica, las modificaciones y actualizaciones taxonómicas en diversos grupos, el objetivo de este trabajo fue presentar una lista de las algas marinas del litoral veracruzano organizadas por categorías taxonómicas incluyendo datos de distribución, temporalidad y nuevos registros para el área de estudio.
Métodos: Se realizaron 92 muestreos durante 18 años, en el nivel intermareal de 11 localidades del litoral, se obtuvieron registros previos desde 1960 a 2020 a través de una revisión bibliográfica y de la colección ficológica del herbario ENCB. El estatus nomenclatural de cada especie y el sistema de clasificación fueron revisados y actualizados. La diversidad α para cada localidad fue calculada con el índice de Shannon-Wiener; también se realizó un análisis de agrupamiento mediante UPGMA con el programa PAST v. 3.
Resultados clave: El listado ficoflorístico incluye 316 taxones de algas marinas bentónicas distribuidas en 3 Phyla, 6 clases, 31 órdenes, 60 familias y 130 géneros. Cada especie incluye distribución en el litoral de Veracruz, reproducción, estacionalidad, hábitat, observaciones, bibliografía y número de catálogo del herbario ENCB. Los análisis de diversidad α muestran que la mayor diversidad está en las localidades con sustrato predominantemente rocoso con 180 especies. Las lluvias de verano registraron un elevado número de especies (269); Barra de Cazones alberga 181 especies, además, se encontraron 70 registros nuevos; así, el número de taxones aumentó a 391.
Conclusiones: El listado revela una mayor riqueza específica de algas marinas comparada con la registrada en Yucatán, Campeche y Tabasco. La afinidad fitogeográfica de las algas del litoral de Veracruz es mixta, ya que ahí confluyen taxones tropicales y caribeños. Es necesario mantener un monitoreo constante para determinar cambios de la comunidad de algas para establecer programas de conservación y aprovechamiento.
Potencialidades del mentoring para el fortalecimiento del liderazgo transformacional en los alféreces de octavo nivel de la ESMIC
Authors: Narváez-Moreno José Luis , Otalora-Parra María Camila
Published: June 2024

Esta investigación indagó la relación entre el liderazgo transformacional y el mentoring en el contexto de la formación militar de los futuros oficiales de la Escuela Militar de Cadetes “General José María Córdova”. El principal objetivo fue determinar las estrategias de mentoría que permiten fortalecer el liderazgo transformacional en una población de alféreces de octavo nivel. Con este propósito, se evaluó el liderazgo transformacional y se caracterizaron las potencialidades del mentoring en la población estudiada. Se empleó un método de investigación mixto (cualitativo-cuantitativo) que incluyó la aplicación de entrevistas abiertas y encuestas a un grupo de alféreces y a asesores que trabajan el componente curricular de liderazgo transformacional. Los resultados muestran que el mentoring es una estrategia fundamental para desarrollar habilidades de liderazgo transformacional a partir del trabajo colaborativo (72,7%) dentro de escenarios institucionales, para lo cual, el líder debe demostrar con el ejemplo constante sus conocimientos académicos y militares (30,3%), así como sus habilidades de comunicación y relaciones interpersonales asertivas (27,3 %), siendo que son la guía de sus liderados.
Asociación del liderazgo transformacional y el desempeño laboral de los docentes de la Escuela de Logística del Ejército Nacional de Colombia
Authors: Barragán-Quiñonez Leonel Gilberto
Published: June 2024

Existen múltiples factores que determinan el desempeño laboral de los docentes, quienes tienen un papel fundamental en los procesos de formación, especialmente en una institución como el Ejército Nacional de Colombia. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar las características del liderazgo transformacional en los líderes académicos y su relación con el desempeño de los docentes de la Escuela de Logística del Ejército Nacional. Se aplicó un diseño metodológico cuantitativo para analizar las características de los estilos de liderazgo transaccional y transformacional en la población estudiada. Los resultados evidencian que los docentes de la institución tienen un nivel de satisfacción laboral del 80 % y que hay una asociación estadísticamente representativa entre el liderazgo transformacional y su desempeño laboral.
Designing resilient bicycle paths in Puno, Peru: Combating urban CO₂ emissions with GIS analysis
Authors:   Academic Department of Architecture and Urbanism, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano de Puno, Puno, Peru, Inchuña Juan Nihol Bravo , Calisaya Rojas Luz Clara ,   Academic Department of Architecture and Urbanism, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano de Puno, Puno, Peru, Mamani Grover Marin ,   Academic Department of Architecture and Urbanism, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano de Puno, Puno, Peru
Published: June 2024

This study watched over the amount of CO₂ gas that cars and other vehicles put into the air in Puno, Peru. The goal was to create a plan for bike paths that can last through tough conditions. These paths would lead to places where people can relax and have fun and also focus on the parts of the city with the most CO₂ pollution. This was done using a tool called Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The researchers figured out how much CO₂ was in the different areas of the city, pointing out places with a lot of CO₂. They also looked at how easy it is to get to places where people go for fun (called Affluence of Recreational Spaces or ARS) and used maps to show how CO₂ levels and ARS relate to each other. They measured CO₂ using a method called Kernel density in a program called QGIS. To find out about ARS, they asked 350 people questions in person and online using Google Forms, with answers based on a rating scale. This study was done after the COVID-19 pandemic in 2022. The researchers put all their information into a GIS system using map math and checking how everything connects. Their findings showed that places with more CO₂ and ARS were linked. The city had a lot of CO₂ - 615.76 parts per million (ppm), which is 76% more than what is considered natural. They found nine main spots in the city with the most CO₂, the highest being 713.49 ppm. They also identified six spots that were most popular for fun activities. By looking at both CO₂ and ARS spots, they made a plan for bike paths totaling 8,849 meters. These paths would link to the main fun places in Puno.
The Screening Strategies Used to Establish Egyptian Women Entrepreneurs’ Attitudes towards Genetic Technology
Authors: Abdelwahed Nadia A. Abdelmegeed
Published: June 2024

In this quantitative study, the researcher examined the screening strategies used to establish Egyptian women entrepreneurs' attitudes toward genetic technology. Using a questionnaire, the researcher collected data from 318 Egyptian women entrepreneurs. From applying the path analysis through Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) version 26.0, this study’s findings demonstrate genomic knowledge’s positive effect on attitudes towards genetic technology (β = 0.176; p = 0.003). The path analysis shows that, on the one hand, the feasibility of screening procedures has a positive effect on attitudes toward genetic technology (β = 0.171; p = 0.000). On the other hand, this study’s findings show that societal and health system issues negatively and not statistically significantly affect attitudes toward genetic technology (β = -0.007; p = 0.556). In addition, this study’s findings help towards initiatives to improve genomic literacy through educational programs and in association with genetic experts. Moreover, this study’s conclusions foster community assignation and open discourse to generate a knowledgeable and supportive environment, ensuring that policies and practices align with women entrepreneurs' unique needs and concerns about genetic technology.
Sign Language Recognition System for Deaf Patients: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Marcolino Milena Soriano , Oliveira Lucca Fagundes Ramos , Valle Lucas Rocha , Rosa Luiza Marinho Motta Santa , Reis Zilma Silveira Nogueira , Soares Thiago Barbabela de Castro , Bernardino Elidéa Lúcia Almeida , Cordeiro Raniere Alislan Almeida , Prates Raquel Oliveira , Campos Mario Fernando Montenegro
Published: June 2024

Background

Individuals with hearing impairments may face hindrances in health care assistance, which may significantly impact the prognosis and the incidence of complications and iatrogenic events. Therefore, the development of automatic communication systems to assist the interaction between this population and health care workers is paramount.

Objective

This study aims to systematically review the evidence on communication systems using human-computer interaction techniques developed for deaf people who communicate through sign language that are already in use or proposed for use in health care contexts and have been tested with human users or videos of human users.

Methods

A systematic review will be performed based on a literature search in MEDLINE, Web of Science, ACM, and IEEE Xplore as well as top-tiered conferences in the area to identify relevant studies. The inclusion criteria are the description of the development of a sign language recognition system in a health care context and the testing with human users. Independent investigators (LFRO, LRV, and LMMSR) will screen eligible studies, and disagreements will be solved by a senior researcher (MSM). The included papers will undergo full-text screening. A PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) flow diagram will be presented to visually summarize the screening process, ensuring clarity and transparency in presenting the results. Additionally, a comprehensive chart table will be constructed to consolidate essential data related to the key variables extracted from the studies. These results will be meticulously analyzed and presented descriptively, offering insightful interpretations of the information encapsulated within the table.

Results

A preliminary search was performed in April 2024. Researchers concluded the study selection by July 2024. Data extraction, synthesis, report, and recommendations are expected to be finished by February 2025.

Conclusions

This systematic review will identify human-machine systems that enable communication in health services involving deaf patients, presenting the framework that includes usability and application in human contexts. We will present a comprehensive panel of findings, highlighting systems used to tackle communication barriers and offer a narrative comparison of current implementation practices.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/55427
Long-Term Effects of Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Depression Prevention Among University Students: Randomized Controlled Factorial Trial
Authors: Nakagami Yukako , Uwatoko Teruhisa , Shimamoto Tomonari , Sakata Masatsugu , Toyomoto Rie , Yoshida Kazufumi , Luo Yan , Shiraishi Nao , Tajika Aran , Sahker Ethan , Horikoshi Masaru , Noma Hisashi , Iwami Taku , Furukawa Toshi A
Published: June 2024

Background

Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) shows promise in the prevention of depression. However, the specific iCBT components that contribute to its effectiveness remain unclear.

Objective

We aim to evaluate the effects of iCBT components in preventing depression among university students.

Methods

Using a smartphone cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) app, we randomly allocated university students to the presence or absence of 5 different iCBT components: self-monitoring, behavioral activation, cognitive restructuring, assertiveness training, and problem-solving. The active intervention lasted 8 weeks but the app remained accessible through the follow-up. The primary outcome was the onset of a major depressive episode (MDE) between baseline and the follow-up after 52 weeks, as assessed with the computerized World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Secondary outcomes included changes in the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, 7-item General Anxiety Disorder, and CBT Skills Scale.

Results

During the 12-month follow-up, 133 of 1301 (10) participants reported the onset of an MDE. There were no significant differences in the incidence of MDEs between the groups with or without each component (hazard ratios ranged from 0.85, 95% CI 0.60‐1.20, for assertiveness training to 1.26, 95% CI 0.88‐1.79, for self-monitoring). Furthermore, there were no significant differences in the changes on the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, 7-item General Anxiety Disorder, or for CBT Skills Scale between component allocation groups. However, significant reductions in depression and anxiety symptoms were observed among all participants at the 52-week follow-up.

Conclusions

In this study, we could not identify any specific iCBT components that were effective in preventing depression or the acquisition of CBT skills over the 12-month follow-up period, but all participants with and without intervention of each iCBT component demonstrated significant improvements in depressive and anxiety symptoms. Further research is needed to explore the potential impact of frequency of psychological assessments, nonspecific intervention effects, natural change in the mental state, and the baseline depression level.
Use of ChatGPT to Explore Gender and Geographic Disparities in Scientific Peer Review
Authors: Sebo Paul
Published: June 2024

Background

In the realm of scientific research, peer review serves as a cornerstone for ensuring the quality and integrity of scholarly papers. Recent trends in promoting transparency and accountability has led some journals to publish peer-review reports alongside papers.

Objective

ChatGPT-4 (OpenAI) was used to quantitatively assess sentiment and politeness in peer-review reports from high-impact medical journals. The objective was to explore gender and geographical disparities to enhance inclusivity within the peer-review process.

Methods

All 9 general medical journals with an impact factor >2 that publish peer-review reports were identified. A total of 12 research papers per journal were randomly selected, all published in 2023. The names of the first and last authors along with the first author’s country of affiliation were collected, and the gender of both the first and last authors was determined. For each review, ChatGPT-4 was asked to evaluate the “sentiment score,” ranging from –100 (negative) to 0 (neutral) to +100 (positive), and the “politeness score,” ranging from –100 (rude) to 0 (neutral) to +100 (polite). The measurements were repeated 5 times and the minimum and maximum values were removed. The mean sentiment and politeness scores for each review were computed and then summarized using the median and interquartile range. Statistical analyses included Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, Kruskal-Wallis rank tests, and negative binomial regressions.

Results

Analysis of 291 peer-review reports corresponding to 108 papers unveiled notable regional disparities. Papers from the Middle East, Latin America, or Africa exhibited lower sentiment and politeness scores compared to those from North America, Europe, or Pacific and Asia (sentiment scores: 27 vs 60 and 62 respectively; politeness scores: 43.5 vs 67 and 65 respectively, adjusted P=.02). No significant differences based on authors’ gender were observed (all P>.05).

Conclusions

Notable regional disparities were found, with papers from the Middle East, Latin America, and Africa demonstrating significantly lower scores, while no discernible differences were observed based on authors’ gender. The absence of gender-based differences suggests that gender biases may not manifest as prominently as other forms of bias within the context of peer review. The study underscores the need for targeted interventions to address regional disparities in peer review and advocates for ongoing efforts to promote equity and inclusivity in scholarly communication.