bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maus-tratos aos animais de companhia: uma reflexão a partir da Lei 14.064/2020
Authors: Salvador Maiara Agda , Toporoski Elizeu Luiz , Ningeliski Adriane de Oliveira
Published: December 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a Lei 14.064/2020, que aumentou as penas para maus-tratos contra cães e gatos e proibiu a guarda desses animais nos casos de condenação. Ao longo da história, os direitos dos animais evoluíram até culminar nessa lei. O projeto de lei original foi modificado, restringindo-se a cães e gatos devido ao status de animais de companhia e à forte presença desses animais nos lares brasileiros. A criação desta legislação foi motivada pelos frequentes casos de maus-tratos no país, bem como pelo reconhecimento da senciência animal, que reforça a ideia de que os animais são sujeitos de direitos. A presente pesquisa utiliza como método de abordagem o dedutivo, partindo da premissa de que a Lei 14.064/2020 tem um importante papel no reconhecimento de que deve haver penalização adequada ao crime de maus-tratos. Conclui-se que a Lei 14.064/2020, embora restrita, representa um avanço significativo. Pesquisas que correlacionam violência doméstica e maus-tratos contra animais ressaltam a importância de legislações que punam atos cruéis, conferindo à lei um caráter tanto punitivo quanto preventivo. Também, pode significar um avanço rumo a outras legislações protecionistas da fauna brasileira.
A integração de práticas ESG sob a perspectiva da governança corporativa nas empresas
Authors: Stange Keity Thamara , Toporoski Elizeu Luiz
Published: December 2024

A integração de práticas de compliance e Ambiental, Social e Governança (ESG) na governança corporativa tem se tornado um tema central na era contemporânea dos negócios, onde as empresas enfrentam um ambiente dinâmico e complexo, marcado por demandas crescentes por responsabilidade social e sustentabilidade. Este estudo investiga como a adoção dessas práticas impacta a sustentabilidade e o desempenho das empresas. O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi investigar a integração de práticas de compliance e ESG como parte da governança corporativa e seu impacto na sustentabilidade e no desempenho das empresas. Justificativa para esta pesquisa está na necessidade crescente das empresas adotarem práticas de compliance e ESG para evitar riscos legais, financeiros e reputacionais, para contribuir significativamente na criação de valor a longo prazo e para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Em um contexto empresarial cada vez mais regulado e com maiores expectativas por parte dos stakeholders, a adoção dessas práticas é essencial para a sobrevivência e o sucesso das organizações. Metodologia utilizada consistiu em uma revisão de literatura, abordagem qualitativa para analisar e sintetizar as informações disponíveis sobre a integração de práticas de compliance e ESG na governança corporativa. Em conclusão a pesquisa destaca que a integração de práticas de compliance e ESG promove a conformidade legal e a sustentabilidade ambiental, fortalece a reputação corporativa, melhora a gestão de riscos e cria valor a longo prazo. As empresas que adotam essas práticas estão melhor posicionadas para enfrentar desafios futuros e capitalizar novas oportunidades de mercado, contribuindo para um desenvolvimento sustentável e inclusivo.
Fishing expedition e a sua incompatibilidade com a produção de provas no processo penal
Authors: Pavan Giovanna , Puhl Eduardo
Published: December 2024

A busca pela verdade é fundamental no processo penal, devendo respeitar os direitos individuais e os princípios constitucionais do Brasil. A produção de evidências é crucial no direito processual penal, mas há um limite tênue entre o uso de meios legais e ações fora desses limites, como na prática da "fishing expedition". Este artigo explora a compatibilidade da "fishing expedition" com a produção de provas no processo penal, questionando se é possível utilizar provas encontradas dessa maneira. Utilizando a metodologia dedutiva, que parte de generalizações para questões específicas, o estudo busca entender as implicações dessa prática em um Estado Democrático de Direito.
Lei da alienação parental: uma forma de garantia do melhor interesse da criança e do adolescente
Authors: Kondras Karoline Ribeiro , Ningeliski Adriane de Oliveira
Published: December 2024

Durante a infância e a adolescência, o indivíduo se encontra em fases vulneráveis diante da sociedade e do mundo, sendo dependentes afetiva e financeiramente dos seus responsáveis. Nesse viés, muitos casais acabam se divorciando e a criança ou o adolescente começam a frequentar duas casas, receber dois tratamentos distintos e ouvir críticas sobre o outro responsável, o que pode reverberar em conflitos, que se intensos, podem, também implicar em atos de alienação parental. Nesse norte, a presente pesquisa visa abordar se a lei de alienação parental poderia garantir o princípio do melhor interesse da criança e do adolescente, protegendo a infantoadolescência da violência psicológica, perpetrada pela prática da alienação parental. Busca-se, portanto, analisar o princípio de melhor interesse da criança e do adolescente, a partir de uma leitura da Lei 8.069/90, além de conceituar e contextualizar a alienação parental dentro do Direito. Por fim, busca-se verificar se o advento da Lei de Alienação Parental pode garantir que o princípio do superior interesse da criança e do adolescente está assegurado. A metodologia de abordagem utilizada é a dedutiva, uma vez que já se parte do pressuposto de que a Lei 12.318/2010 garante que a criança e o adolescente tenham seus interesses assegurados. Conclui-se, portanto, que a lei da Alienação Parental é capaz de garantir que o princípio do melhor interesse da criança e do adolescente seja respeitado.
Depoimento especial: importante instrumento de prova da violência sexual infantojuvenil quando há omissão da família
Authors: Rosa Vitória Ellen Costa , Ningeliski Adriane de Oliveira
Published: December 2024

A violência sexual infantojuvenil intrafamiliar refere-se a uma violação aos direitos garantidos às crianças e aos adolescentes brasileiros, a qual ocorre justamente no seio familiar, ambiente em que eles deveriam ser protegidos e resguardados. Dentro desse contexto, a omissão dos responsáveis ou a tentativa de encobrir os abusos tornam a descoberta e a comprovação do crime ainda mais desafiadora e morosa. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa busca apresentar a criança como sujeito de direitos com fundamento nas legislações brasileiras voltadas à proteção da criança e do adolescente; definir os conceitos de violência sexual em âmbito geral e intrafamiliar, demonstrando notificações e subnotificações; demonstrar a importância do Depoimento Especial, apresentando-o como ferramenta processual e comprovando a capacidade de este ser usado como prova nos casos de abuso sexuais. Para tanto, utiliza-se a abordagem lógico-dedutivo como metodologia, uma vez que se parte da premissa de que o depoimento especial é uma ferramenta de prova capaz de comprovar a existência do crime sexual em que a vítima é criança ou adolescente e os responsáveis se omitem. O levantamento bibliográfico está baseado em livros, artigos, jurisprudências, normas do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro e Tratados Internacionais. A partir deste estudo, conclui-se que o Depoimento Especial é um importante aliado nos casos em que não se há provas materiais e, também, deve ser utilizado como instrumento para dar voz às vítimas de violência sexual.
Desconsideração da personalidade jurídica inversa: uma análise jurídica
Authors: Hirt Graziele Martins , Toporoski Elizeu Luiz
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho analisa o instituto da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica no direito brasileiro, com ênfase na desconsideração inversa, a qual visa proteger credores quando a personalidade jurídica é utilizada para ocultar bens pessoais de sócios e administradores. A pesquisa busca examinar os fundamentos teóricos e jurídicos que justificam a aplicação dessa medida, bem como identificar as hipóteses mais comuns de sua utilização, como o desvio de finalidade e a confusão patrimonial. O objetivo do estudo é discutir como a legislação e a jurisprudência brasileiras têm tratado a desconsideração da personalidade jurídica, além de apresentar uma análise crítica da função social da empresa em relação à proteção dos credores. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão bibliográfica e análise jurisprudencial, com base nas normas do Código Civil e do Código de Processo Civil. A pesquisa conclui que, embora seja uma medida excepcional, a desconsideração, quando aplicada de forma criteriosa, garante a justiça e o equilíbrio nas relações empresariais, ao prevenir abusos e fraudes. A desconsideração inversa se mostra um instrumento essencial para coibir a utilização indevida da personalidade jurídica e assegurar que as obrigações dos sócios sejam efetivamente cumpridas. Assim, o trabalho contribui para o entendimento mais claro desse importante mecanismo jurídico.
O direito fundamental da educação e a responsabilidade dos pais ou responsáveis frente ao abandono intelectual no ensino infantil e fundamental nível 1
Authors: Assis Anelise , Bueno Mariza Schuster
Published: December 2024

Os Direitos Fundamentais, tais como à saúde, educação, alimentação, trabalho, moradia, transporte, lazer, segurança, entre outros, se baseiam na Dignidade da Pessoa Humana e buscam a proteção dos cidadãos, onde o Estado tem o dever de garanti-los. Assim, o presente artigo tem como tema principal o Direito Fundamental da educação, delimitado no que tange a responsabilidade dos pais ou responsáveis, caso incidam em abandono intelectual no ensino infantil e fundamental nível 1. Desta forma, o estudo tem como Objetivo Geral “Apresentar uma discussão sobre o Direito Fundamental da educação e a responsabilidade dos pais ou responsáveis quanto do abandono intelectual na Educação Infantil e Ensino Fundamental Nível I”. Os Objetivos Específicos são: discorrer sobre os Direitos Fundamentais e acerca da educação nas Constituições do Brasil; apresentar o Direito Fundamental da educação e a responsabilidade dos pais ou responsáveis neste aspecto; definir abandono intelectual e elencar as responsabilidades da escola e do Ministério Público nesta questão. Traz ainda a problemática: Quais os efeitos do abandono intelectual das crianças na educação infantil e Ensino Fundamental Nível I, pelos pais ou responsável e o papel do Ministério Público dentro desta perspectiva? Quanto aos aspectos metodológicos, utiliza-se a metodologia da pesquisa dedutiva, qualitativa, descritiva e bibliográfica, perfazendo-se em uma revisão da literatura sobre o tema em análise. Conclui-se que o Estado tem a obrigação de garantir a todas as crianças e adolescentes o Direito Fundamental à educação e esta obrigação está configurada na Constituição Federal de 1988 e em outros instrumentos jurídicos, sendo que os pais ou responsáveis podem ser penalizados caso incidam em abandono intelectual, onde a escola e o Ministério Público também devem zelar para que tal tipo de abandono não ocorra na sociedade.
Light pollution in the Tatra National Park
Authors: Ściężor Tomasz , Czaplicka Anna , Czaplicka Zofia
Published: December 2024

Light pollution in the form of artificial sky glow affects not only the immediate surroundings of the towns that generate it but also more distant areas, including protected regions. This study examines the extent of the impact of the artificial sky glow, originating from Zakopane and the surrounding towns, on the western part of the Tatra National Park (TPN) in Poland. Due to the specific challenges of conducting night measurements in mountainous terrain, the valleys of the Western Tatras– Lejowa, Kościeliska and Chochołowska - were selected for the study. Sky brightness measurements were taken using Sky Quality Meter photometers (type SQM-L) under both cloudless and completely overcast conditions. The results show that in the case of a cloudless sky, the range of sky glow from nearby towns extends approximately 2-2.5 km from the valleys outlets. However, under cloudy conditions, this range increases to approximately 6 km. It was also observed that the ground illumination caused by the brightened sky is significantly lower than that produced by the brightest natural object in the sky, the Moon. Nevertheless, the night sky’s brightness exceeds natural levels, which undoubtedly affects local mountain ecosystems
Adsorption of selected GHG on metal-organic frameworks in the context of accompanying thermal effects
Authors: Gajda Aleksandra , Jodłowski Przemysław , Kozieł Katarzyna , Kurowski Grzegorz , Hyjek Kornelia , Skoczylas Norbert , Pajdak Anna
Published: December 2024

Thermal effects accompanying gas sorption on micro- and mesoporous materials provide unique insights into the type, course, and efficiency of sorption. In this study, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with different topologies and chemical structures were synthesized and investigated: HKUST-1, Ni-MOF-74, UiO-66, and MIL-140A. These MOFs were characterized structurally and sorptively with respect to selected greenhouse gases (GHGs). Sorption capacities for CO2 and CH4 were determined at several temperatures and measurement pressures, and the maximum sorption capacity was determined using the Langmuir-Freundlich model. Thermal effects accompanying adsorption were quantified through the isosteric heat of adsorption parameter. For each MOF, the values of isosteric heat of adsorption were higher for CO2 than for CH4. The values of this parameter was determined in the following order: HKUST-1 > Ni-MOF-74 > UiO-66 > MIL-140A. Energy homogeneity of the adsorbent surface was observed in nearly all cases, except for UiO-66 during CO2 adsorption. Changes in the determined isosteric heat of adsorption of CO2 with increasing sorption capacity were in the range of 5-15 kJ/mol, while for CH4 they ranged from 1.4 to 17 kJ/mol, respectively. The level of thermal selectivity of CO2 over CH4 was determined in the following order: UiO-66 (1.9) > Ni-MOF-64 (1.7) > MIL-140A (1.5) > HKUST-1 (1.1).
Impact of COVID-19 on PM2.5 concentrations in Singapore, Indonesia, and Thailand: Cluster Analysis and Generalized Additive Mixed Models
Authors: Wong Wong Ming , Tzeng Shian-Yang , Mo Hao-Fan , Su Wunhong
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the influence of COVID-19-related factors on PM2.5 concentrations (PM2.5) in Singapore, Indonesia, and Thailand from January 2018 to December 2021. Using data from four sources, cluster analysis based on six socioeconomic indices was employed to select these countries for focused analysis. Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMM) were applied to assess associations between PM2.5 and COVID-19 factors, including new cases, deaths, vaccinations, stringency index, time series (STOL), and COVID-19 status (dummy variable). Results show that PM2.5 levels in Singapore and Indonesia were significantly impacted by COVID-19 measures, with F-statistics for new cases (22.875, p < 0.001), deaths (12.563, p = 0.012), as well as significant associations for vaccinations (t = 5.976, p < 0.001), stringency index (t = 5.124, p < 0.001), and the dummy variable (t = 6.624, p < 0.001). In contrast, PM2.5 levels in Thailand were unaffected by these factors, likely due to seasonal pollution sources. The model explains 90.3% of the variation in PM2.5 (adjusted R² = 0.872). This paper offers important insights for policymakers on incorporating air quality into health policies and highlights how pandemic responses varied across countries. By examining the impact of COVID-19 factors on PM2.5 in different nations, the study enhances understanding through detailed data and averaging periods. It reveals differences in how countries’ air quality responded to the pandemic, contributing to discussions on environmental management and public health. These findings inform policy decisions and facilitate discussions on better managing environmental and health challenges during global crises.
Influence of road surface type on the magnetic susceptibility and elemental composition of road dust
Authors: Rachwał Marzena , Penkała Magdalena , Rogula-Kozłowska Wioletta , Wawer-Liszka Małgorzata , Łukaszek-Chmielewska Aneta , Rakowska Joanna
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the type of road surface (asphalt and concrete) and the presence of noise barriers (acoustic screens) on the magnetic susceptibility and chemical composition of road dust collected from national roads and motorways in central and southern Poland. Four roads with asphalt surfaces and four with concrete surfaces were selected for the study. Samples were taken at three control points: in the space between noise barriers, in the space without barriers and at road exits. Magnetic susceptibility measurements and elemental composition analysis (using an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer) were carried out. The results showed high variability with no clear differences between samples taken from asphalt and concrete roads. Magnetic susceptibility values were higher for road dust taken from asphalt pavements near noise barriers and motorway exits, while for open space samples the susceptibility values were about 1.3 times higher for dust from concrete pavements. A similar relationship was observed for the elemental composition. The results showed no clear differences between samples taken from asphalt and concrete roads. The location of the sampling point had a greater influence on the results: the surface of noise barriers, open spaces or motorway exits. Calculated enrichment factors indicated an extremely high enrichment of dust in elements such as Cr, Cu and Zn, a very high enrichment in Pb only for dust collected at motorway exits, and a significant and moderate enrichment in other elements.
Concise Review of Light-Driven Micromotor Synthesis and its Environmental Applications
Authors: Osman M.S. , Ismail M. , Khairudin K. , Fathullah M. , Rojviriya C. , Abu Bakar N.F. , Mohd Radzi M.R. , Isa N.
Published: December 2024

Light-powered micromotors are a new type of micromotor that can be used for water purification treatment. This paper focuses on the synthesis processes and its application in water remediation. This mini review will highlight the great potential of these light powered micromotor as well as the significance of preparing them for environmental applications. Photocatalytic micromotors or light-powered micromotors have been intensively researched over the last several years for several applications, such as environmental remediation, biomedicine and micropumps. It has been found that conventional wastewater treatment is commercially inefficient in water remediation. The emphasis then was on a new solution of using micromotor as a potential replacement for water remediation. Many studies have been carried out over the years on the synthesis of these light-powered micromotors, which revolves around the materials used, and applications. This paper, therefore, reflects on the advancement of light-powered micromotors and will be concentrating on the synthesis processes and its application in water remediation. This mini-review will highlight the great potential of these light-driven micromotors as well as the significance of preparing them for environmental applications.
Enhanced Mechanical Properties Via the Incorporation of Ti in Cu Alloys
Authors: Yu Huihui , Hu Qiang , Huang Yapan , Zeng Yanqi , Jia Jingxuan , Hu Q. , Hong Rui , Zhang Youliang
Published: December 2024

The influence of Ti addition on the microstructure, mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of Cu-14Fe alloy is studied. Great emphasis has been laid on the second phase, texture and mechanical properties. No new phase other than α-Fe phase could be found in Cu-14Fe-0.1Ti alloy using XRD and SEM. With 0.1Ti addition, the distribution of α-Fe phase strip is slightly heterogeneous. Cube, s and brass texture components are largely strengthened in Cu matrix with Ti addition, while copper and goss texture components are rare in Cu matrix of both alloys. In α-Fe phases, α fiber and goss texture components are highly strengthened with Ti addition. It is found that enhanced mechanical properties are achieved in Cu-14Fe-0.1Ti alloy. In detail, with Ti addition, the yield strength and ultimate tension strength increase from 538 and 561 MPa to 580 and 583 MPa, respectively, while maintaining a high value of elongation to failure (6.5%). A lower equivalent grain size and a higher KAM value mainly contributes to the higher yield strengthening effect in Cu-14Fe-0.1Ti alloy. The lower equivalent grain size is derived from the small size distribution range and the small size of Cu matrix in Cu-14Fe-0.1Ti alloy. The dissolution of Ti and formation of nano second phases also improve mechanical properties. However, texture hardly plays a role in the strengthening effect. 0.1Ti addition hardly reduces the electrical conductivity of Cu-14Fe alloy, maintaining a value of 33.43% IACS. The results in this work could provide guidance in texture evolution and property evaluation in Cu-Fe alloys.
Comparative Study on Micro and Nano Sized SiC Particulates Reinforced Al7075 Composites using Stir Casting Process
Authors: Ravikumar M. , Reddappa H.N. , Suresh R. , Babu E.R. , Reddy Nagaraja C.
Published: December 2024

This paper is designed to investigate the wear and mechanical characterization of metal matrix composites (MMCs) by using micro and nano SiC on Al to study the influence of micro/nano SiC on the properties of fabiricated composite. Micro and nano-composites with 1-4% of SiCp were developed using stircasting processes. From the outcomes, an improved grain refinement of micro and nano-composites when compared to monolithic was seen from the microstructural study. It found that an increase in SiC particulates content caused enhanced mechanical properties. Though, nano SiC reinforced MMCs resulted in improved mechanical properties compared to micro sized SiC particulates reinforced MMCs. The wear study was evaluated for comparison of micro/nano MMCs. The investigation indicates that, wear resistance of nano composites is better as compared to micro-SiCp reinforced MMCs. Fractured surfaces were inspected by the SEM analysis to study the nature of fracture in the micro and nano composite samples.
Electrochemical and Gravimetric Investigation of the Corrosion Inhibition Performance of Clindamycin for Mild Steel in Acidic Media
Authors: Bamigbola A.A. , Ikeuba A.I. , Gimba C.E. , Ikpi M.E. , Olajire O.S. , Umo F.E.
Published: December 2024

The corrosion inhibition performance of clindamycin for mild steel in 2.0 M H2SO4 has been studied using gravimetric and electrochemical methods. The results showed that the clindamycin inhibited mild steel corrosion in 2.0 M H2SO4 solution. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with an increase in the concentration of clindamycin and decrease with an increase in the temperature. The maximum inhibition efficiency was obtained at 303 K (91.1%). Potentiodynamic polarization results reveal that clindamycin is a cathodic-type corrosion inhibitor lower concentrations and an anodic-type corrosion inhibitor at higher concentrations. The experimental data fitted the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the adsorption of clindamycin was found to be spontaneous. The values of activation energy and Gibb’s free energy were found within the range of limits expected for the mechanism of physical adsorption.
Cold Spray Coatings Morphology
Authors: Ștefan A. , Chicet D.-L. , Istrate B. , Munteanu C.
Published: December 2024

In the Cold Spraying technology, the coatings are produced as a result of the supersonic acceleration of the particles in a gas jet, at temperatures below the melting/phase transformation point of the sprayed material. In this paper, the morphology of a Ni/CrC cold spray coating is studied, based on the identification of the particle’s characteristic at various magnifications, both on cross-section and on the surface of the samples. The layer appearance is continuous, uniform and sinuous, no adhesion defects were observed at the substrate-coating interface, and the plastic deformation of the steel was highlighted. The elemental chemical analysis on the sample cross-section, together with the distribution map shows that the carbide particles have retained their sphericity to a large extent, being uniformly embedded in the Ni matrix, as a result of the plastic deformation. This allows a higher thickness of the cold spray coatings comparatively to the ones obtained with the other thermal spray methods that imply high temperatures of the gas jet and layered microstructures.
Orientation Influence on Tensile Strain Hardening in Forged Plates of AA2014 Aluminium Alloy
Authors: Narender G. , Chandra Shekar K. , Narayan Yeole Shivraj , Prakash Kode Jaya , Sridhar Babu B.
Published: December 2024

Strain hardening is an effective strengthening method for alloys that requires plastic deformation of the material during manufacturing. The strength will significantly increase due to the number of dislocations formed during plastic flow of material. This study examines the plastic flow activity of forged plates of an AA2014 aluminium alloy with tensile test conditions. The effects of solution treatment and artificial ageing on strain hardening characteristics and tensile behaviour were investigated using tensile testing and scanning electron microscopy. Hollomon plastic flow relationship was employed for solution treated and age hardening conditions by experimental engineering stress- engineering strain data of the aluminium alloy AA2014. In both solution-treated and age-hardened conditions, the alloy displays three distinct strain hardening rate levels. The highest rate of strain hardening occurs both in solution-treated and age hardening conditions in regions with lower strain. It is also noted that specimens experience higher and lower strain hardening rates in the forging direction (Longitudinal, L) and perpendicular to the forging direction (Transverse, T) respectively in both solution-treated and age hardening conditions. In order to bring out the degree of in-plane anisotropy, test are conducted in L, L+45° (45° to L direction) and T in the plane of forging. Lower and higher magnification SEM images of the alloy under study, clearly exhibited that the ductile dimple fracture associated with a lower shear fracture contributions.
The Effects of Foaming Agent and Surfactant on Alkali Activated Materials as an Adsorbent for Lead Ions Adsorption
Authors: Wan Ibrahim W.M. , Al B. Abdullah M.M. , Ahmad R. , Ibrahim M.
Published: December 2024

Lead, a hazardous environmental metal, has been widely used in various applications, either pure or alloyed with other metals. This study investigates the impact of foaming agents and surfactants content on the physical properties of metakaolin-based alkali activated materials. Additionally, it seeks to assess the effectiveness of metakaolin-based AAM adsorbent in removing lead ions. The research uses varying percentages of foaming agents (1 wt.%, 1.25 wt.%, and 1.5 wt.%) and surfactants (1 wt.%, 3 wt.%, and 5 wt.%). Water absorption, density and porosity tests were used to evaluate the metakaolin-based alkali activated adsorbent’s physical properties. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to study the morphology of the adsorbent. In addition, the adsorption test was investigated to determine the lead ion removal in the AAM adsorbent. The ion removal performance of metakaolin based alkali activated materials was evaluated based on different amounts of foaming agent and surfactant. A lead (II) solution was prepared in distilled water and used in the adsorption test. An adsorption test was carried out to determine the effectiveness of AAM with a foaming agent and surfactant, which showed that it could be suited to many harsh conditions. This study successfully identified the optimal parameters for achieving maximum efficiency in lead ion removal, featuring a concentration of 1.25 wt.% of foaming agent and 3 wt.% of surfactants. These findings hold significant promise for the advancement of effective adsorbents, particularly in the realm of wastewater treatment processes.
Evaluating the productivity of five forages for the phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated land
Authors: Subiksa I Gusti M. , Fanindi Achmad , Tresia Gresy E. , Malesi La , Sajimin Sajimin , Kurniawan Widhi , Pamungkas Fitra A. , Bain Ali , Sutedi Endang , Zulchi Try , Purwantari Nurhayati D. , Harmini Harmini , Isbandi Isbandi , Rahman Rahman , Krisnan Rantan , Hidayat Cecep , Herdiawan Iwan , Napirah Astriana
Published: December 2024

Post-tin mining land holds promise for cultivating forage crops, with the potential to address Pb metal contamination through plant-based phytoremediation. However, the presence of heavy metals and depleted soil fertility resulting from tin mining activities may pose challenges to plant productivity and contribute to residual heavy metal accumulation. This study aims to assess the productivity and phytoremediation capacity of Pb by various grass species on reclaimed mining land. Using a randomised block design with three replications, the study was conducted over a four-year period in a post-mining area in Central Bangka Regency, Indonesia. Three grass species: Megathyrsus maximus (‘Riversdale’ and ‘Purple guinea’), Pennisetum purpureum (‘Taiwan’ and ‘Mott’), and Chrysopogon zizanioides were evaluated for forage production, quality, digestibility, and heavy metal content. It was shown that ‘Riversdale’ and ‘Purple guinea’ cultivars had relatively stable production for over four years, with the crude protein content of all grass types remaining relatively low (<6%), apart from ‘Mott’ cultivar, which had a crude protein content of 10%. The Pb concentration in the plants remained below the permitted limits for ruminants. In the post-tin mining site, ‘Riversdale’ and ‘Purple guinea’ cultivars showed potential for development. It is concluded that mined land can be replanted with forage crops for phytoremediation purposes. ‘Purple guinea’ and ‘Riversdale’ cultivars emerge as potential livestock feed sources on ex-mining land due to their four-year productive stability and low lead (Pb) concentration in their shoots, which falls below the safe threshold for cattle.
Integrating network pharmacology and in vivo model to reveal the cardiovascular protective effects of kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside on heart failure
Authors: Guo Lu-Qin , Zhou Lan , Li Sheng-Nan , Bai Juan , Shi Ling-Li , Hua Fang , Zhou Peng
Published: December 2024

Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (KR) has an excellent cardioprotective effect, but its mechanism of action is not clear. Network pharmacology was used to predict the signaling pathways, whereas molecular docking was used for preliminary validation of KR binding to targets. AMI model rats with ligated left anterior descending coronary arteries were established. HE staining was used to detect pathological changes, and ELISA was used to detect the expression of TNF-α and IL-6. Network pharmacology results showed PI3K-AKT signaling pathway may be the main mechanism, and molecular docking predicted that KR could bind strongly to the PI3K and AKT. KR could significantly reduce cardiac pathological changes, decrease the level of TNF-α and IL-6, and enhance the mRNA and protein expressions of PI3K and AKT. KR ameliorates HF after AMI by enhancing the expressions of PI3K and AKT, which will be helpful in elucidating the mechanism of KR through multiple techniques.
The impact of blood lipids and statins on renal function and mortality in patients with diabetic nephropathy: A meta-analysis
Authors: Tian Dongqin , Chen Qian , Zeng Lingli , Hao Yan
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study is to explore the impact of blood lipids and statins on renal function and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched until April 9, 2024, for relevant studies of blood lipids and statins on renal function and all-cause mortality in patients with DN. After the selection, total cholesterol levels (TC), total triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urinary albumin excretion (UAE), serum creati-nine (SCR), end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and all-cause mortality indexes were extracted for finally meta-analysis. In total, 25 papers containing 21,411 patients with DN were finally included in this study. Levels of TC and LDL-C, which are continuous variables, were higher in DN patients who developed ESRD [TC/weighted mean difference (WMD) = 0.517, 95 % confidence interval (CI): (0.223, 0.812), p = 0.001; LDL-C/WMD = 0.449, 95%CI: (0.200, 0.698), p < 0.001]. In addition, this study also observed that statins may reduce UAE levels [WMD = –46.814, 95% CI: (–71.767, –21.861), p < 0.001]. Finally, the survey indicated that statins may be associated with an ESRD reduction [HR = 0.884, 95% CI: (0.784, 0.998), p = 0.045]. Blood lipids, particularly TC and LDL-C, may slow the progression of DN to ESRD. Besides, statins may protect the kidneys by lowering the excretion of UAE levels and reducing the risk of ESRD. Based on the above outcomes, the findings of this study provided robust evidence-based medical support for the future prevention, surveillance, and management of DN.
Culture, budgeting and planning in the Department of Finance
Authors: Casey Ciarán
Published: December 2024

This article considers the contribution of the Department of Finance from the late 1950s to the turn of the millennium. It revisits long-standing cultural and institutional issues that former officials and academics raised in the period, particularly focusing on the budgetary system and its weaknesses. It examines the limitations of the department’s foray into economic planning, arguing that its potential was never fully realised. The article argues that plans, rather than budgets, were a far more appropriate mechanism for setting economic policy, and that they could have helped mitigate the influence of party politics. It concludes that planning will become even more paramount in the twenty-first century, as Ireland grapples with major global headwinds.
Making European Union digital platform regulation a reality1
Authors: Dooley John
Published: December 2024

Over the last twenty years, the digital economy – driven primarily through large digital platforms that have been mostly unregulated to date – has brought enormous economic and societal benefits. The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated this trend by making digital platforms central to the global economy and society and by highlighting further opportunities, but, importantly too, risks and threats. Digital platforms, representing the increasingly important and maturing online platform economy, are now being described as critical infrastructure and even utilities. Digital platform policy, particularly the future regulation of the large far-reaching dominant platforms, is a major focus of the European Union (EU) as part of its response to the COVID-19 crisis. The literature on platform regulation highlights two major themes that emerge concerning digital platform regulation, and that are consequently the focus of future regulation: competition and online content. This article presents research findings in these areas through a critical analysis of and reflection on emerging digital platform regulatory practices which are being progressed under the groundbreaking EU Digital Services Act and Digital Markets Act package. This includes assessing implications for national implementation, regulatory enforcement, and governance. A particular emphasis is placed on the Digital Services Act where there is less literature, knowledge, and experience on how to best regulate online content. In this context, the paper provides insights into how Ireland, where many of the large platforms are established and so is their de-facto regulator, is dealing with regulatory implementation issues driven by the EU.
Economic Transformations and National Security Risks Generated by Cryptocurrencies
Authors: Bătuşaru Cristina Maria , Sbârcea Ioana Raluca
Published: December 2024

The proliferation of cryptocurrencies has brought significant changes in the global economic market while introducing new risks to national security. This paper explores the economic transformations driven by the rise of digital currencies, analyzing their impact on traditional financial systems, monetary policy, and international trade. While cryptocurrencies offer opportunities for innovation and economic growth, they also pose substantial challenges for regulators, particularly in addressing illicit activities such as money laundering, terrorism financing, and tax evasion. Furthermore, the decentralized nature of these digital assets presents unique vulnerabilities for national security, as they can be used to avoid financial controls and sanctions. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the economic benefits and security risks associated with cryptocurrencies, emphasizing the need for coordinated regulatory frameworks. By examining the intersection of technological innovation, economic impact, and security concerns, this research contributes to the ongoing debate on how to handle the main challenges brought by the growth of cryptocurrencies in a globalized, digital economy.
Considerations on the Argumentation of the Ethical Aspect in the Creative Process of Conceiving an Application for an Invention Patent
Authors: Mirică Teofil-Eduard , Petrişor Silviu-Mihai
Published: December 2024

The authors of this scientific endeavor want to highlight a possible exploration and use of the concepts of creativity, innovation and ethical responsibility in the process of designing and analyzing an invention patent application in the field of military technologies. In this sense, in the present paper we address in a theoretical as well as in an applicative manner topics from the field of Ethics applicable in the creative process of developing an invention patent, the issue of intellectual property of a technological product that is conceived, designed and susceptible of industrial realization, an innovative comparison analysis proposal regarding the ethical aspects in the process of conceiving and evaluating a possible invention, an example of good practices regarding Ethics from the perspective of International Humanitarian Law in the comparative analysis of two patents in the military field, some conclusions and recommendations that emerge from the study and analysis that we carried out.
Viral Trends and Stock Markets: Spillover Between Meme Assets and Sectoral Returns
Authors: Barbić Tajana , Čondić-Jurkić Iva
Published: December 2024

Meme assets are a unique and modern phenomenon in the stock market, characterized by social media-driven hype and significant price volatility. The aim of this paper is to explore the relationships between meme assets and sectoral dynamics. We employ the Granger causality test to examine predictive relationships between daily returns of GameStop and five meme exchange traded funds and eleven sector index funds. Our results show that selected meme assets have relatively limited impact on various sectoral indices and vice versa, suggesting that meme stocks and meme ETFs can offer diversification benefits for sectoral investments. These findings offer insights to investors in designing their approaches to investment strategies and portfolio management, as well as regulators in their attempt to ensure financial market stability.
CBDC and Trust in A Central Bank: Transitivity Of Preferences Vs. The Privacy Paradox
Authors: Koziuk Viktor , Ivashuk Yurii , Hayda Yurii , Dluhopolskyi Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

The privacy and anonymity of transactions are considered some of the biggest challenges when designing Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDC). While many surveys show that people strongly prefer privacy in their transactions, behavioral theories suggest that human behaviour in digital spaces is more complex, a phenomenon known as the privacy paradox. The research aims to measure privacy preferences in specific situations and examine how these preferences influence choices between anonymous transactions versus the design of CBDC functionality. The study used the ANOVA method to determine if there were significant differences between groups based on privacy preferences. Survey data from respondents in emerging markets showed a mild form of the privacy paradox. The research measured privacy tendencies in three areas: general, digital, and financial environments, and found a statistically significant correlation between these measures. However, the respondents' privacy preferences did not consistently align with their choices between transaction anonymity and CBDC functionality, nor did they consistently relate to trust in central banks as privacy guarantors or the importance of central bank independence for ensuring privacy. The ANOVA test found no significant differences in privacy preferences between respondents who prioritized anonymity or functionality, or between those who trusted or did not trust central banks to guarantee privacy and their independence in doing so. This suggests that when faced with complex decisions, people may exhibit intricate patterns of preference, which is crucial for optimizing CBDC design.
Interprofessional education’s readiness among Brazilian medical students / Interprofessionelle Bildung: Bereitschaft unter brasilianischen Medizinstudierenden
Authors: Secreti Prevedello Alexandra , dos Santos Fernanda , Reisdorfer Emilene
Published: December 2024

The study examines the readiness for shared learning based on interprofessional education (IPE) among Brazilian medical students participating in preceptorship programs. A total of 642 students from all six medical courses across a state in Brazil completed the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The results, analyzed across three RIPLS factors—teamwork and collaboration, professional identity, and patient-centered care—reveal a positive inclination toward collaborative learning, though each factor was influenced by different variables. Teamwork and collaboration (factor 1) were significantly associated with gender, medical program semester, prior teamwork experience, and current clinical practice. Professional identity (factor 2) was shaped by gender, prior bachelor’s degree, type of university (public or private), and medical program semester. Patient-centered care (factor 3) showed significant relationships with gender, prior bachelor’s degree, type of university, medical program semester, and current clinical practice. These findings highlight the importance of acknowledging various demographic and educational variables when assessing student readiness for shared learning. Such insights can help medical programs refine their curricula and develop educational strategies to promote IPE, fostering collaborative healthcare practice in alignment with both national and international guidelines.
Examining the Impacts of Saving Rate and Net Lending on Pension Funds in OECD Countries
Authors: Phung Huong Thu Thi , Le Thai Hong , Anh Pham Thi Hoang
Published: December 2024

While various studies have shown the influence of pension plans on saving rates in different countries, the relationship between lending and pension wealth has been under-explored. This paper thus aims to analyse the impacts of saving rate and net lending on pension funds in OECD countries. For this purpose, we employ a panel data analysis from 27 OECD countries over an 11-year period from 2011 to 2021. Results from fixed effects regression models show a negative association between savings rate and pension contributions as well as pension benefits paid. In addition, net lending does not seem to have any significant influence on pension fund revenues, however, there is a slight positive impact on pension benefits paid. Finally, we show that our results are robust even after controlling for various socio-economic and demographic factors. The findings of our study have significant implications for policy design, particularly in relation to the incentives provided by policymakers to improve pension sustainability. Policymakers may offer interest rate reductions or direct substitutes for savings and lending to encourage individuals to contribute to the pension funds.
Power-Balancing: State Attorneys General and Unfair Mortgage Lending
Authors: Kirsch Larry
Published: December 2024

This paper is a case study in the enforcement of state unfair trade practice laws targeted at predatory mortgage lending and securitization abuses during the Global Financial Crisis of 2008. It considers how the Massachusetts Attorney General’s Office (MA-AG) leveraged its dual mission as People’s Lawyer and State General Counsel to achieve robust public safeguards and more equitable buyer-seller market relationships. It explains how the MA-AG spliced its consumer protection authority over improvident risk and unfair loan originations with its investor protection authority over faulty securitization practices to multiply their combined impact. Although some pre-2008 credit practices have disappeared, others persist in altered forms and still others are sure to emerge in the future. For that reason, the consumer protection power-balancing strategy has considerable importance for the future safety and equity of consumer practices and demonstrates the role state attorneys general offices can play to protect the marketplace.
Wireless optical and electrical sensors, and combinations thereof, for biomedical applications
Authors:   , Chaturvedi Vivek
Published: December 2024

The studies explore advancements in wireless sensor technologies for medical applications, particularly for wireless detection of skin hydration, non-invasive glucose monitoring, and microbial detection. The first academic paper describes a capacitive humidity sensor for assessing relative humidity and skin hydration, utilizing the sensitive dielectric properties of the monoolein–water system. Tested across various humidity levels and temperatures, these novel double-functional sensors feature interdigitated electrodes covered with monoolein and show a promising potential for wireless detection of skin hydration. The second and third academic papers focus on a wireless potentiometric sensor designed to detect bacteria in urine and monitor microbial biofilm formation in wounds, respectively, using Bluetooth-enabled sensors to detect bacterial growth in vitro and ex vivo. The fourth paper assesses the development of fluid-less, non-invasive blood glucose monitoring devices, comparing their accuracy and challenges with traditional invasive methods. Despite some improvements, the study reveals that current devices like the BG20 glucometer need significant enhancements to meet clinical accuracy standards. Overall, the thesis emphasizes the potential of innovative wireless sensor technologies in improving medical diagnostics, while also addressing the limitations that must be overcome to ensure clinical reliability.
Considerations on the Emission of Legislated and Non-Legislated Air Pollutants Originating From the Combustion of Diesel/Biodiesel Mixtures
Authors: Manzato Leticia Gabriela , Solci Maria Cristina
Published: December 2024

Objective: To investigate the variations in the concentration profile of air pollutants emitted by the combustion of diesel and biodiesel mixtures in Brazil.
 
Methodology: A bibliographic review was conducted using academic databases. The main focus of the research was on academic papers that examine mixtures with biodiesel derived from soybean oil, which is most commonly used in Brazil.
 
Results and Discussion: Diesel combustion is a significant source of air pollution. Biodiesel emerged as a promising alternative to fossil fuels, offering a more sustainable and potentially less polluting option. However, the combustion of these fuels still releases multiple air pollutants that can pose risks to human health and the environment.
 
Conclusion: Monitoring these emissions is essential to understanding the dynamics of air pollution, adopting effective measures to minimize its negative impacts on public health and the environment, and improving strategies to reduce vehicular air pollution.