bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphology and molecular characterization of newly isolated microalgae strain Chlorella volutis LIPI13-WKT066 from Wakatobi Islands and its potential use
Authors: Rahman Delicia Yunita , Praharyawan Swastika , Raharjo Sapto , Fadiyah Farizul , Susilaningsih Dwi
Published: August 2020

Morphology and molecular characterization of microalgae isolated from Wakatobi Marine National Park was conducted. An understanding of the characteristics of morphology, molecular, as well as metabolites profile of the microalgae species is potentially useful for its future application. The primary aim of this study was to isolate, identify and characterize the microalgae strain isolated from Wakatobi Marine National Park labeled as LIPI13-WKT066 with the emphasis on the evaluation of amino acid content as a basis for its health application. Morphological observation under the microscope and molecular identification suggested that the microalgae strain of LIPI13-WKT066 belong to the strain under species of Chlorella volutis. Metabolite characterization of the microalgae strain showed that the content of protein (11.9%), lipid (12.4%) and carbohydrate (4.7%) was in the regular range. Further analysis of its amino acid content revealed the potency of the microalgae strain to be used as antihypertensive agent.
Potency of Curcuma aeruginosa as A Chemopreventive Candidate Agent on 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-Induced Rat Spleen
Authors: Sulfianti Asri , Hasanah Nur , Wibowo Agung Eru , Agustini Kurnia , Artika I Made
Published: August 2020

Present investigation shows that the extract of C. aeruginosa attenuates DMBA-induced spleen carcinogenesis in Wistar rats. Three-week female Wistar rats were treated with three different C. aeruginosa extract doses (CA1: 40 mg/200 g body weight, BW; CA2: 80 mg/200 g BW; CA3: 160 mg/200 g BW) and were induced with DMBA after one-week administration of these doses. A commercial immunostimulant, and DMBA only were also given to each group as positive and negative control, respectively. The development of tumors was evaluated by investigating the incidence of tumor and tumor multiplicity during the experiment. Spleen mass index and histological parameters such as white pulp, centrum germinativum, and marginalis zone were also examined. Based on our study, the administration of C. aeruginosa extract during and after carcinogen induction gave several impacts on rat carcinogenesis. At the extract dose of 80 mg/200 g BW, tumor incidence of animals were least (P<0.05). However, all doses did not show any effect to the spleen mass index, though the highest dose (160 mg/200 g BW) was found to cause changes in white pulp and marginalis zone boards. This trend indicates that it takes higher dose to cause an immune response effect reaching the organs.
Furfural and 5-(Hydroxymethyl) furfural Tolerance Candida strains in Bioethanol Fermentation
Authors: Thontowi Ahmad , Perwitasari Urip , Kholida Lutfi Nia , Kanti Atit , Yopi Yopi , Prasetya Bambang
Published: August 2020

The toxic fermentation inhibitors in lignocellulosic hydrolysates pose significant problems for the production of second-generation biofuels and biochemicals. Among these inhibitors, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) and furfural are specifically well known. This study investigated the furfural and 5-HMF tolerance in Candida strains, which could be used for the development of advanced generation bioethanol processes. The 10 isolates of Candida were selected based on the cell growth and bioethanol production on YPD medium containing several concentrations of furfural and 5-HMF by using spectrophotometer and HPLC. Candida parapsilosis Y80 could grow and produce bioethanol in the medium that contains furfural and 5-HMF with a concentration of 60 mM and 40 mM, respectively. Based on the results, C. parapsilosis Y80 has potential activity in the development of bioethanol fermentation.
Cultura Política e democracia no Brasil dos anos 60
Authors: González Rodrigo Stumpf
Published: August 2020

No período recente o Brasil tem vivido momentos de grande instabilidade política, com o afastamento de uma presidenta e a eleição de um ex-militar conhecido por elogiar o período ditatorial. Mas este tipo de evento não é uma novidade na história política do país. A década de 1960 também foi turbulenta no sistema político brasileiro. Até que ponto existia uma cultura política que sustentasse a democracia naquele período? Teria esta cultura se modificado ao longo do tempo, favorecendo o golpe? Tomando da concepção de Almond e Verba (1989) a noção de congruência, este trabalho busca analisar o período democrático brasileiro entre as eleições de 1960 e o golpe militar de 1964, tentando verificar até que ponto se desenvolvia na sociedade brasileira uma cultura política democrática, capaz de dar suporte à manutenção do regime.
Preferencias socioeconómicas por costos ambientales en la Región Oeste del Lago de Cuitzeo, Michoacán, México
Authors: Trueba Regalado Rafael , Ortiz Paniagua Carlos Francisco
Published: August 2020

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo desarrollar un análisis descriptivo de las preferencias sociales para valorar económicamente la salud poblacional por el arribo de tolvaneras en la Región Oeste del Lago de Cuitzeo (ROLC), Michoacán, México. Esta investigación parte desde el enfoque teórico de la economía ambiental para aplicar el método de valoración contingente (MVC), con la finalidad de cuantificar el costo defensivo total al que incurre la población para evitar una externalidad negativa, derivada del deterioro ambiental que presenta el lacustre. Aunado a ello, también se busca determinar una posible disposición de la población a aceptar una compensación (DAC) por la disminución de su bienestar y una disposición a pagar (DAP) para que se realicen acciones que mejoren las condiciones ambientales del cuerpo de agua. Los resultados indican que el costo defensivo en salud es elevado en referencia al ingreso de la población entrevistada. También se identificó que existe una disposición a ser compensado por la mayoría de las personas consultadas, así como una disposición a pagar. Esta información pretende proporcionar elementos de gestión para establecer mecanismos compensatorios y de restauración para reducir costos futuros.
Increased Risk of COVID-19 Among Users of Proton Pump Inhibitors
Authors: Almario Christopher V. , Chey William D. , Spiegel Brennan M.R.
Published: August 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) increase the risk for enteric infections that is likely related to PPI-induced hypochlorhydria. Although the impact of acid suppression on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is unknown thus far, previous data revealed that pH ≤3 impairs the infectivity of the similar severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1. Thus, we aimed to determine whether use of PPIs increases the odds for acquiring coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among community-dwelling Americans.

METHODS:

From May 3 to June 24, 2020, we performed an online survey described to participating adults as a “national health survey.” A multivariable logistic regression was performed on reporting a positive COVID-19 test to adjust for a wide range of confounding factors and to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

RESULTS:

Of 53,130 participants, 3,386 (6.4%) reported a positive COVID-19 test. In regression analysis, individuals using PPIs up to once daily (aOR 2.15; 95% CI, 1.90–2.44) or twice daily (aOR 3.67; 95% CI, 2.93–4.60) had significantly increased odds for reporting a positive COVID-19 test when compared with those not taking PPIs. Individuals taking histamine-2 receptor antagonists were not at elevated risk.

DISCUSSION:

We found evidence of an independent, dose-response relationship between the use of antisecretory medications and COVID-19 positivity; individuals taking PPIs twice daily have higher odds for reporting a positive test when compared with those using lower-dose PPIs up to once daily, and those taking the less potent histamine-2 receptor antagonists are not at increased risk. These findings emphasize good clinical practice that PPIs should only be used when indicated at the lowest effective dose, such as the approved once-daily label dosage of over-the-counter and prescription PPIs. Further studies examining the association between PPIs and COVID-19 are needed.
Caution With the Use of Lopinavir/Ritonavir in Severely Ill Patients for the Treatment of SARS-CoV-2: A Report of Severe Jaundice
Authors: Levy Clementine , Lassailly Guillaume , Parmentier Erika , Duburcq Thibault , Mathurin Philippe , Poissy Julien
Published: August 2020

INTRODUCTION:

We investigated the potential hepatotoxicity of lopinavir/ritonavir recently used in the treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.

METHODS:

This is a retrospective cohort of critical patients in a teaching hospital: 12 treated with lopinavir/ritonavir and 30 in the standard-of-care group.

RESULTS:

Elevation occurred more frequently in patients treated with lopinavir/ritonavir (33% vs 6.7%).

DISCUSSION:

Caution is advised regarding the use of lopinavir/ritonavir in the most severe cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
Absence of COVID-19 Infection in Patients Accessing IBD Unit at Humanitas, Milan: Implications for Postlockdown Measures
Authors: Fiorino Gionata , Gilardi Daniela , Radice Simona , Furfaro Federica , Allocca Mariangela , Danese Silvio
Published: August 2020

INTRODUCTION:

The risk of coronavirus disease-19 infection for healthcare professionals and patients in hospitals remains unclear.

METHODS:

We investigated whether precautions adopted in our inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) unit have minimized the risks of infection for all patients accessing our facilities in a 1-month period by assessing the rate of coronavirus disease-19 infection in the follow-up period.

RESULTS:

Three hundred-twenty patients with IBD were included. None were infected from severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 in the follow-up period. None of the IBD team members were infected.

DISCUSSION:

Neither pharmacological immunosuppression nor access to the hospital seem to be risk factors for infection in patients with IBD.
Por uma historiografia da arquitetura teatral moderna e contemporânea no Ocidente
Authors: Furquim Werneck Lima Evelyn
Published: August 2020

Um exame acurado da história ocidental da arquitetura teatral no período moderno e contemporâneo comprova a quase completa ausência de obras críticas, demandando urgentes estudos historiográficos que ampliem as pesquisas nessa área. Os historiadores da arquitetura nos séculos XX e XXI quase não se dedicam ao estudo do edifício teatral ― um objeto recorrente de tratados canônicos no Renascimento e no século XVII. Fundamentado nos conceitos historiográficos de Michel de Certeau, este artigo objetiva analisar processos metodológicos e ideológicos aplicados por três historiadores da arquitetura e três teóricos do teatro, que abordaram o tema de alguma maneira e sob diferentes aportes teóricos, no sentido de argumentar que a historiografia da arquitetura para as artes performáticas modernas e contemporâneas é praticada na contemporaneidade por teóricos do teatro com maior intensidade do que pelos historiadores da arquitetura.
Cena e ficção na Poética de Aristóteles: o caráter
Authors: Mostaço Edélcio
Published: August 2020

O pensamento e o caráter conhecem vínculos indissolúveis atando-os à trama, uma vez que suas gestações geminadas os fazem não apenas surgir de um mesmo impulso expressivo, como a articular uma mesma voz ― ouvida na elocução. Na acepção das causalidades, pode-se dizer que o pensamento se impõe como a causa motriz, e o caráter a causa formal na conformação de cada agente/personagem ― cuja variabilidade na espécie dependerá das qualidades apostas pelo poeta a cada um em seu instante de concepção.
“É isso o Brasil. Alguém precisa pôr ordem nessa bagunça”: Chico Buarque entre a história e a literatura
Authors: Botelho Denilson
Published: August 2020

Muitas são as portas de entrada para o universo da literatura. Uma delas é a da história social, habitualmente interessada em examinar o texto literário como fonte e documento sobre um tempo histórico específico. Atenta às dinâmicas e engrenagens que envolvem o seu processo de produção, a história encara a ficção literária como ato social concreto, modo pelo qual o escritor intervém na sua realidade e participa do movimento da história, o que não o impede de ― nem o obriga a ― desenvolver outras formas de ação efetiva. Para Judith Lyon-Caen, por exemplo, a literatura é um modo de estar no mundo e de com ele interagir.
História e etnografia a partir de uma peça cerimonial Mawé: a tábua de paricá
Authors: Mano Marcel
Published: August 2020

O artigo busca situar histórica e etnograficamente uma peça coletada no segundo quarto do século XVIII pela expedição de Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira. Trata-se da bandeja zoomorfa para a aspiração do pó narcótico paricá colhida entre os Mawé por volta de 1786 e mencionada por Ferreira também entre os Mura, ambos os grupos da área Madeira-Tapajós. Ao remeter tal peça para Lisboa o naturalista procedeu a uma ilustração com uma breve descrição do ritual e uma prancha representativa de seu uso. Embora conhecidos, tanto a bandeja como o ritual, hoje extintos, não foram ainda colocados em relação à história e etnologia dessa área. Assim, a partir de um diálogo entre Antropologia e História este texto apresenta a peça, sua ornamentação e aspectos que envolviam o ritual descritos por Ferreira, relacionandoos a alguns temas da mitologia, da etnografia e da etnohistória do grupo e da área que ocupam.
Institucionalização da educação no Sul de Mato Grosso. O Grupo Escolar de Batayporã (1955-1974)
Authors: Bobadilha Thierry Rojas , Ziliani Rosemeire de Lourdes Monteiro
Published: August 2020

O artigo socializa resultados de pesquisa concluída, realizada em Curso de Pós-Graduação em Educação, referente à educação primária oferecida no Grupo Escolar de Batayporã, sul do antigo Mato Grosso, que descreveu e analisou os principais elementos que permitiram seu aparecimento e funcionamento em um lugar específico e momento histórico datado. O recorte temporal da pesquisa foi o período de 1955 a 1974. Foram utilizadas noções inscritas na perspectiva foucaultiana, produções nacionais sobre instituições escolares e fontes escritas, imagéticas e orais. A escola, criada em 1955, constituiu um elemento material do dispositivo de institucionalização da educação na cidade, que, no momento da criação, não havia adquirido sua emancipação administrativa. Conclui-se que o seu aparecimento e funcionamento inicial favoreceram ou foram condições para a fixação de migrantes no projeto de colonização, como também a inscreveram nos discursos sobre a educação em circulação no Brasil naquele período histórico.
O Canto Orfeônico na escola republicana brasileira e suas influências europeias (1890 – 1931)
Authors: Lemos Junior Wilson
Published: August 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo discorrer sobre o ensino do Canto Orfeônico na legislação brasileira entre 1890 e 1931 e sua relação com o ensino de Canto Orfeônico surgido na Europa ainda no século XVIII. Utiliza-se como fontes, as legislações escolares como as reformas de ensino de Benjamin Constant (1890) e de Francisco Campos (1931), assim como alguns artigos publicados por educadores como Veríssimo de Souza (1907; 1910) e Chasteau (1899). Somam-se às fontes, pesquisas de autores como Contier (1998), Souza (2000), Jardim (2003; 2006; 2009) e Gilioli (2008). O artigo está dividido em duas partes. A primeira parte investiga as relações entre a prática orfeônica brasileira e a europeia. A segunda aborda as características do Canto Orfeônico. A influência do orfeonismo praticado na Europa tornou-se definitiva para a realidade brasileira.
Instituto de Educação do Estado da Guanabara: pioneirismo e formação para o audiovisual educativo (1960-1975)
Authors: Conceição Cíntia Nascimento de Oliveira
Published: August 2020

O objetivo do artigo é analisar o circuito de Televisão Educativa do Instituto de Educação do Estado da Guanabara, destacando a centralidade do professor como produtor de conteúdo para televisão, atuante na concretização de um ideal de audiovisual educativo que atendesse as expectativas da sociedade no âmbito cultural, político e econômico. A formação para a televisão educativa sinalizou caminhos para a criação de uma didática própria para os audiovisuais educativos atenderem a uma demanda crescente de escolarização que ocorreu com a expansão da educação em consonância com ideais democráticos liberais para a construção de um Brasil “moderno”. Para a realização da pesquisa trabalhamos com diferentes tipos de arquivos como: documentos de arquivos pessoais, periódicos da Hemeroteca Digital Brasileira e o acervo do Centro de Memória Institucional do Instituto de Educação – CEMI.
A Psicologia no Curso de Pedagogia da antiga Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Uberlândia (Minas Gerais, Brasil, 1960-1970)
Authors: Prado Claudio Gonçalves , Gatti Júnior Décio
Published: August 2020

Trata-se da busca de compreensão da importância e dos conteúdos disciplinares vinculados à Psicologia na primeira década de funcionamento, entre 1960 e 1970, do Curso de Pedagogia da antiga Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Uberlândia (Minas Gerais, Brasil). Partiu-se de ideias de Certeau (1979), Chervel (1990), Santos (2007) e Goodson (2008 e 2010). Examinaram-se os conteúdos disciplinares, bem como o depoimento de egressa do curso. Percebeu-se a presença significativa dos saberes psicológicos, com mais de uma disciplina, oferecidas ao longo de todo curso, o que alcançava um quinto da carga-horária total (570h/a, em 2.800h/a). Além das tradicionais Psicologia Geral e Educacional, também foi possível conhecer a disciplina nomeada Psicologia Especial, na qual, à época, enfatizaram-se conhecimentos da Psicopatologia. Concluiu-se que a Psicologia tinha centralidade na formação dos pedagogos na Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Uberlândia na primeira década de funcionamento do Curso de Pedagogia, ainda que mediante dificuldades quanto à qualificação docente, o que prejudicou a especificidade da temática educacional.
Aprendizaje colaborativo y tecnologías de información y comunicación para el perfil global de docentes y estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Aponte María Claudia , Brea Orlando
Published: August 2020

Ver presentación artículo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z03306CmMPk

Investigadores de la internacionalización de la educación superior y del currículo, asociaciones universitarias de facultades y escuelas, organismos internacionales, investigadores de la pedagogía y del currículo han trabajado en el establecimiento de las características y competencias para la formación de perfiles internacionales para los profesionales de hoy y del futuro. El aprendizaje colaborativo y la aplicación de las TIC al proceso de aprendizaje son unas de las competencias más mencionadas en las propuestas sobre el perfil global del estudiante y profesor. Pero, ¿qué tan dispuestos están los profesores y los estudiantes para desarrollar estas competencias? Este artículo presenta los resultados de un proyecto de innovación que incorporó en procesos formativos en diferentes grupos de estudiantes y de profesores, el aprendizaje colaborativo y las TIC. La hipótesis del trabajo planteó que para los docentes universitarios la inclusión de estas competencias en su perfil generaría una resistencia, mientras que para los estudiantes no sería así. Los resultados mostraron que el aprendizaje colaborativo se aplica ocasionalmente en ambos grupos, los docentes y estudiantes utilizan frecuentemente las TIC en sus procesos de aprendizaje, y para los docentes el uso de TIC y el aprendizaje colaborativo resultan más difíciles de aplicar.
Sometimes Your Best Just Ain’t Good Enough: The Worldwide Evidence on Subjective Well-being Efficiency
Authors: Nikolova Milena , Popova Olga
Published: August 2020

Most of the studies on subjective well-being focus on the determinants of absolute life satisfaction or happiness levels. This paper asks an important but understudied question, namely, could countries achieve the same or even higher subjective well-being by using the same resources more efficiently? We provide the first country panel evidence on whether nations efficiently transform their endowments (income, education, and health) into subjective well-being and which factors influence the conversion efficiency. Using data on 91 countries from 2009 to 2014, we find that that well-being efficiency gains are possible worldwide. We show that poor labor market conditions as proxied by unemployment and involuntary part-time employment are associated with lower ‘subjective well-being efficiency,’ while social support, freedom, and the rule of law improve it. These findings are useful to policymakers in helping identify inefficiencies, reducing wasteful resource use, and developing policies that promote sustainable development and human well-being. Our results are robust to a battery of sensitivity checks and raise policy-relevant questions about the appropriate instruments to improve subjective well-being efficiency.
Pharmacogenetics of antipsychotics in adolescents with acute psychotic episode during first 14 days after admission: effectiveness and safety evaluation
Authors: Ivashchenko Dmitriy V. , Khoang Sofi Z. , Makhmudova Bakhu V. , Buromskaya Nina I. , Shimanov Pavel V. , Deitch Roman V. , Akmalova Kristina A. , Shuev Grigoriy N. , Dorina Irina V. , Nastovich Marina I. , Shagovenko Eugenia N. , Grishina Elena A. , Savchenko Lyudmila M. , Shevchenko Yuriy S. , Sychev Dmitriy A.
Published: August 2020

Objectives

Prediction of the antipsychotic’s effectiveness is a relevant topic in the field of personalized medicine.

Methods

The research design of this study is a prospective observation with posthoc analysis of associations of genetic polymorphisms with safety parameters and effectiveness of antipsychotic therapy. We observed 53 adolescents with an acute psychotic episode which were prescribed antipsychotics for 14 days. We evaluated the effectiveness of antipsychotics with the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale and the safety with the UKU Side Effects Rating Scale, Simpson-Angus Scale, and Barnes Akathisia rating scale. We genotyped CYP3A4*22 (rs2740574), CYP3A5*3 (6986A>G, rs7767746), CYP2D6*4, *9, *10 (rs3892097, rs1065852), ABCB1 1236C>T (rs1128503), 2677G>T/A (rs2032582), 3435C>T (rs1045642), DRD2 (rs1800497), DRD4 (rs1800955), HTR2A (rs6313) by the real-time polymerase chain reaction method.

Results

We found significantly more frequent “increased dream activity” between CYP2D6 intermediate metabolizers and normal metabolizers (54 vs. 22%; p=0.043). The «increased duration of sleep» was more often observed in homozygotes TT of ABCB1 2677G>T/A (50 vs. 15.8%, p=0.006) and TT of 3435C>T (41.7 vs. 8.2%, p=0.007).

Conclusions

We found that CYP2D6 and ABCB1 polymorphisms were associated with the safety of antipsychotics in adolescents with an acute psychotic episode.
Investigation of Meshing Strategy on Mechanical Behaviour of Hip Stem Implant Design Using FEA
Authors: Ikhsan  , Triyono Joko , Prabowo Aditya Rio , Sohn Jung Min
Published: August 2020

Hip joint is an important human joints system. The damaged hip joints need to be replaced with artificial hip joints. The Study of the hip joint is very costly therefore another calculation method is demanded to produce good result in acceptable time and cost. Considering this problem, a series of study to assess hip joint performance is conducted using numerical approach. Important parameter for example applied materials are used in the modelling by idealizing Ti-6Al-4V compared to SS 316 L, and stemlengthwas chosen to be 128 mm. ANSYS software was used to analyze models, and designed element size variations were set to be in range 1 to 2.5 mm. The magnitude of force was placed on the femoral head with an angle of 16
∘
C from the vertical axis. Results showed that SS 316 L material has smaller deformation than Ti material. Whereas Central Processing (CP) time decreases in increasing element size for both materials. In addition, more variations in mesh size are needed to get more accurate convergent results.
Towards online adaptation of digital twins
Authors: Nikula Riku-Pekka , Paavola Marko , Ruusunen Mika , Keski-Rahkonen Joni
Published: August 2020

Digital twins have gained a lot of attention in modern day industry, but practical challenges arise from the requirement of continuous and real-time data integration. The actual physical systems are also exposed to disturbances unknown to the real-time simulation. Therefore, adaptation is required to ensure reliable performance and to improve the usability of digital twins in monitoring and diagnostics. This study proposes a general approach to the real-time adaptation of digital twins based on a mechanism guided by evolutionary optimization. The mechanism evaluates the deviation between the measured state of the real system and the estimated state provided by the model under adaptation. The deviation is minimized by adapting the model input based on the differential evolution algorithm. To test the mechanism, the measured data were generated via simulations based on a physical model of the real system. The estimated data were generated by a surrogate model, namely a simplified version of the physical model. A case study is presented where the adaptation mechanism is applied on the digital twin of a marine thruster. Satisfactory accuracy was achieved in the optimization during continuous adaptation. However, further research is required on the algorithms and hardware to reach the real-time computation requirement.
Association of alopecia with self-esteem in children and adolescents
Authors: Aşkın Özge , Koyuncu Zehra , Serdaroğlu Server
Published: August 2020

Objectives

Hair is important for individuals due to its cosmetic functions and its anatomical and physiological features. Hair loss in children significantly affects their social and psychological well-being and may lead to significant psychological distress in those not benefiting from medical and/or traditional therapies. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the self-esteem in children and adolescents with alopecia areata.

Methods

This comparative study included children and adolescents with the diagnosis of alopecia and age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Self-esteem was evaluated by the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES).

Results

The study included 64 patients with alopecia (M/F, 32/32; mean age, 12.2 ± 3.0 years) and 60 healthy controls (M/F, 30/30; mean age, 12.0 ± 3.0 years). Age (p=0.64) and sex (p=1.0) distributions were similar between the groups. Of the patients, 35 had alopecia areata, 21 had alopecia universalis, and eight had alopecia totalis. The RSES score of patients was significantly higher than that of the controls (median [interquartile range], 1 [0–2] and 1 [0–1], respectively; p=0.008). The distribution of the participants according to the level of self-esteem (low, moderate, and high) based on the RSES scores revealed that, the proportion of patients with low and moderate self-esteem were significantly higher as compared with controls (p=0.001). The diagnostic subtype and sex did not affect the distribution of self-esteem scores in both groups.

Conclusions

Hair loss is a significant factor affecting self-esteem of children and adolescents. Deteriorations in self-esteem may progress to psychological comorbidities if not approached, diagnosed, and treated timely and efficiently.
Research on the influencing factors of losses in 10 kV, 1000 kW induction motor
Authors: Cao Xianghong , Xu Yanan , Qiu Hongbo , Zhang Yong , Liu Yubao
Published: August 2020

The motor losses are directly affecting the efficiency of the high voltage induction motor (HVIM). It is an important parameter of the motor design. In order to analyze the influencing factors of the HVIM losses, a 10 kV, 1000 kW HVIM is taken as an example to establish a 2D finite element model. The correctness of the model has been verified by the comparison of experimental data and calculated data. The finite element calculation method is adopted to numerically solve the electromagnetic parameters of the prototype. Based on electromagnetic parameters, the influence of the rotational speed of the HVIM on the core loss is analyzed, and the variation of the rotational speed on the core loss is obtained. Secondly, the influence degree of load rate on the core loss of HVIM is determined. Finally, the variations of different material characteristics on losses are studied. In addition, the effects of different speed and load rate on the copper loss of the HVIM are also studied. The analysis of this paper provides reference and engineering practical value for the optimization design of HVIM.
Cascade screening and treatment of children with familial hypercholesterolemia in Turkey
Authors: Kose Engin , Kose Melis , Ozturk Sureyya Ipek , Ozcan Esra , Onay Huseyin , Ozkan Behzat
Published: August 2020

Objectives

Premature coronary artery disease is the most common preventable cause of death in developed countries, and familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is the most common monogenetic disorder of lipid metabolism, predisposing for premature coronary artery. FH is the most common preventable cause of death in developed countries. In 2016, the national lipid screening program in school-age children has been started in Turkey. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of lipid screening program, lipid-lowering treatments, and the challenges of treatments in children diagnosed with FH.

Methods

Patients diagnosed with FH in the pediatric metabolism outpatient clinic were retrospectively evaluated. Changes in lipid profile with dietary interventions and statin treatments were assessed. The results of cascade screening were analyzed.

Results

Fifty-one patients diagnosed with FH were enrolled in the study. Twenty-four (47.1%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 9.8 ± 3.2 years. Heterozygous LDLR gene mutation was detected in all patients. Three novel pathogenic variations were revealed with the genetic investigation. Forty-one (80.4%) patients had high adherence to CHILD-2 dietary recommendations. The mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level decreased by 14.5 ± 7.6% after dietary intervention. Parents refused to start statin treatment in 8 (15.7%) patients. Statin treatment was initiated to 22 (43.1%) patients. Mean LDL-C level decreased from 204.1 ± 19.1 mg/dL to 137.0 ± 13.1 mg/dL. In cascade screening, 7 (13.7%) parents without a diagnosis of FH were diagnosed with FH. After the screening program, statin treatment was initiated for 18 (35.3%) parents and 7 (16.3%) siblings.

Conclusions

We can conclude that screening for FH in children is crucial for diagnosing FH not only in children but also in their relatives. Although statins are safe and effective in achieving the target LDL-C level, we determined significant resistance for initiating statin treatment in patients.
Supersolidus Sintering of Cr Prealloyed Steels by Inductive Heating
Authors: Gierl-Mayer C. , Huemer M. C. , Danninger H. , Dlapka M. , Stetina G. , Ratzi R.
Published: August 2020

For powder metallurgy products, high density is an essential requirements to obtain maximum mechanical properties. Here, supersolidus liquid phase sintering (SSPLS) is an effective means to attain high sintered density, as known from PM high speed steels. In the present work it is shown that this technique can also be applied to Cr prealloyed low alloy steel grades. Supersolidus sintering through indirect heating requires precise control of temperature and also the atmosphere, to avoid uncontrolled changes of the carbon level. Higher C contents are beneficial here since they enable lower temperatures and result in wider temperature windows for sintering. The temperatures necessary for SSLPS at moderate C levels are fairly high for standard sintering furnaces, therefore induction sintering was studied in this work. It showed that, as was to be expected, also here precise temperature control is required, but for any carbon level tested a sintering temperature could be identified that yielded high sintered density and good shape retention. The high density attained, in combination with the very high temperatures, results in pronounced grain growth, this process no more being inhibited by the presence of pores, which is undesirable but can however be remedied by suitable heat treatment.
Physiological effects of millimeter-waves on skin and skin cells: an overview of the to-date published studies
Authors: Leszczynski Dariusz
Published: August 2020

The currently ongoing deployment if the fifth generation of the wireless communication technology, the 5G technology, has reignited the health debate around the new kind of radiation that will be used/emitted by the 5G devices and networks – the millimeter-waves. The new aspect of the 5G technology, that is of concern to some of the future users, is that both, antennas and devices will be continuously in a very close proximity of the users’ bodies. Skin is the only organ of the human body, besides the eyes, that will be directly exposed to the mm-waves of the 5G technology. However, the whole scientific evidence on the possible effects of millimeter-waves on skin and skin cells, currently consists of only some 99 studies. This clearly indicates that the scientific evidence concerning the possible effects of millimeter-waves on humans is insufficient to devise science-based exposure limits and to develop science-based human health policies. The sufficient research has not been done and, therefore, precautionary measures should be considered for the deployment of the 5G, before the sufficient number of quality research studies will be executed and health risk, or lack of it, scientifically established.
Die Deregulierung von Berufszugangsbeschränkungen und die Corona-Krise
Authors: Rasch Alexander , Waibel Christian
Published: August 2020

The corona virus crisis and its negative impact on the German economy call for countermeasures. This article discusses the impact of one measure: the deregulation of restrictions on access to certain professions that operate in markets with informational asymmetries. Firms’ persistence in such markets is crucial for both employees and customers. Previous analysis of provisions that reduced restrictions on access to professional craftsmen’s markets in 2004 has shown that the deregulation led to a decrease of firms’ persistence. Moreover, while the measures led to an increase in the total number of firms and an increase in employment in craftsmen’s markets, the fact that most of the newly hired employees worked part time dampened the effect on the total number of working hours. On the customers’ side, the deregulation led to lower prices, but also, potentially, to lower quality. Furthermore, the lower persistence is problematic given the information asymmetry.
Impact of aging on the hydration of tricalcium aluminate (C3A)/gypsum blends and the effectiveness of retarding admixtures
Authors: Hartmann Florian Andreas , Plank Johann
Published: August 2020

In the production of concrete from cement powder and water, setting behavior of the slurry is determined by the formation of ettringite (Ca6Al2(OH)12 · (SO4)3 · 26 H2O) from tricalcium aluminate (Ca9Al6O18, abbreviated C3A) and gypsum (CaSO4 · 2 H2O). Due to the high reaction potential of cement and water, premature hydration can occur after unintentional exposure to moisture. Model binary mixtures of C3A and gypsum stored at 90% relative humidity and 35 °C produced ample amounts of ettringite, which subsequently reacted with atmospheric CO2 to CaCO3, Al(OH)3 and gypsum. Investigated were the two main polymorphs of tricalcium aluminate encountered in cement, pure, cubic C3A and orthorhombic C3A in which calcium is partially substituted by sodium or potassium. Alkali substituted C3A converted to ettringite faster and more completely than pure C3A. Ettringite from prehydration caused a seeding effect, which promotes crystal growth and accelerates bulk hydration of the C3A/gypsum mixtures. Set retarders commonly applied in cement were dissolved in the mixing water prior to hydration to investigate their ability to counteract this acceleration. Sodium gluconate merely delayed the crystal growth but does not prolong the hydration process overall. Potassium pyrophosphate retarded much more effectively by suppressing the seeding effect via removal of calcium ions from the hydration reaction.
“As coisas significam alguma coisa?”: sobre as limitações do arbitrário do signo
Authors: Milano Luiza
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre o conceito de arbitrário do signo linguístico. Para tanto, toma como ponto de partida a noção benvenistiana de Aparelho Formal da Enunciação, dando especial destaque para as categorias de pessoa, tempo e espaço. Ao analisar essas categorias em recortes oriundos do campo da literatura e do cinema, busca-se empreender um questionamento acerca do estatuto teórico-metodológico do objeto de uma linguística que pressupõe a experiência do falante-ouvinte. Os desdobramentos dessa questão passam pela revisão dos estudos já conhecidos sobre o tema do arbitrário, acompanham alguns deslocamentos teóricos operados no campo e, finalmente, tentam avançar até uma interrogação sobre os limites dessa importante noção-chave da linguística saussuriana.
O performativo em Benveniste e Dufour
Authors: Valério Patrícia Da Silva
Published: August 2020

A partir de um olhar sobre os efeitos da teoria da linguagem de Benveniste na composição da reflexão em um dos campos conexos, o da filosofia, este artigo visa compreender a singularidade da reflexão sobre o enunciado performativo no construto teórico de dois autores: Emile Benveniste e D-R, Dufour. Assim, a partir da (re)leitura de dois textos que tocam na distinção do par constativo-performativo, busca investigar que reflexões os unem ou distanciam. O estudo aponta para certo distanciamento da definição tradicional de performativo da escola de Oxford e para a convergência de ambos os autores para a definição de performativo como ato, acontecimento, único e irrepetível.
A linguagem (re)descoberta: contornos prospectivos da leitura barthesiana de Benveniste
Authors: Knack Carolina
Published: August 2020

Este estudo tem o propósito de abordar efeitos da leitura barthesiana de Benveniste. Para tanto, primeiramente, empreende-se uma “leitura transversal” (ROSÁRIO, 2018) de “Por que gosto de Benveniste” (BARTHES, 2012a), texto do qual se recupera o apontamento relativo às contribuições benvenistianas para o cenário da linguística a partir da centralidade da categoria de pessoa. Como essa categoria, segundo Barthes, interessaria também à literatura, empreende-se, em seguida, uma “leitura vertical” (ROSÁRIO, 2018) do ensaio “Escrever, verbo intransitivo?” (BARTHES, 2012b), texto a partir do qual Barthes discute não só a categoria de pessoa, mas também a de temporalidade e a de diátese, as três profundamente abordadas por Benveniste. Tais categorias são deslocadas por Barthes para o campo literário, a fim de teorizar a respeito da atividade de escritura, movimento que evidencia efeitos das reflexões benvenistianas sobre as barthesianas.
“Agolaquena”: elementos para uma abordagem de formas complexas de discurso na enunciação de crianças autistas
Authors: Ferreira Júnior José Temístocles , Azevedo Natanael Duarte de , Borba Vicentina Ramires
Published: August 2020

O objetivo da presente pesquisa é investigar como se organiza a categoria de pessoa nas produções enunciativas da criança autista para vislumbrar a instauração da singularidade do sujeito no exercício da língua. Nosso corpus é formado por dados de interação envolvendo duas crianças autistas diferentes em situações diversas (tanto clínica quanto naturalística), presentes no trabalho de Rêgo Barros (2011). Os resultados de nossas análises mostram que, através da observação dos mecanismos enunciativos presentes na fala da criança autista, é possível compreender diferentes modos de apropriação do sistema da língua e de instauração da singularidade do sujeito no discurso. Nesse sentido, as formas complexas de discurso na enunciação da criança autista têm a propriedade de explicitar, dentro das regularidades que suportam a categoria de pessoa no discurso, as singularidades do estar/ser de cada sujeito na relação discursiva com o outro.
O reconhecimento da língua para a compreensão do mundo: a questão da leitura
Authors: Toldo Claudia
Published: August 2020

Este texto tem como objetivo fazer uma reflexão acerca dos sentidos do termo “frase” empregado no texto de Émile Benveniste Os níveis de análise linguística, produzido em 1962, relacionando-o com o texto A forma e o sentido na linguagem, 1966. A questão posta é trazer as considerações presentes nesses textos de Benveniste, a fim de pensar o ensino da leitura na escola, enquanto uma atividade enunciativa. Insistimos, pois, em um ensino de uma língua que sirva para viver, o que requer do professor um trabalho cuja metodologia não se abrevie puramente em saberes metalinguísticos, pautados em nomenclaturas e classificações, mas que exija um domínio de exercício de linguagem – sempre singular a cada ato de apropriação das formas. Assim, investir em uma proposta de ensino da língua a partir de uma concepção enunciativa é oportunizar ao estudante sua posição de sujeito do seu discurso, do mundo, da sua história.
Critical Thinking Skills Reviewed from Communication Skills of the Primary School Students in STEM-Based Project-Based Learning Model
Authors: Oktavia Zaini , Ridlo Saiful
Published: August 2020

Critical thinking skills are important to practice early on in elementary school. It is believed that STEM based education could  trigger the students to more critical. Individuals who have critical thinking skills will be able to communicate well. Many research results show that critical thinking skills can be stimulated by applying project-based learning in class. This research aims to describe critical thinking skills based on communication skills by using STEM-based Project-Based Learning. The research is a mixed-methods study. The population of this research consisted of fifth graders of Public Primary School 3 Pakis. The research instruments used were critical thinking skills tests, communication skills questionnaires and interview guidelines. The quantitative data was selected by purposive sampling technique. The qualitative data was based on the communication skills levels: high, moderate, and low. Based on the triangulation data it shows that students with high critical thinking skills reached the aspect of analyzing arguments; the moderate level could achieved simple aspects of explanation; while the lower level critical thinker only reaches the aspect of focusing questions. The STEM approach applied in project-based learning is able to encourage students to be able to communicate verbally and improve their critical thinking skills in solving problems.
The Implementation of Student Worksheet Based on STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) and Local Wisdom to Improve of Critical Thinking Ability of Fourth Grade Students
Authors: Prasadi Anggi Hary , Wiyanto Wiyanto , Suharini Erni
Published: August 2020

The aim of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of students worksheet to improve of critical thinking ability of fourth grade student’s of SD N 5 Parakan Kauman based on STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) and local wisdom. This research adopt the procedure of research and development that oriented in 4D model (Define, Design, Developed, and Disseminate). The research design used was one groups pretest-posttest design with the member of subject were 24 students. The research instrument used observation sheet, interview sheet, validity test, written test (pretest and posttest), and also questionnaire. The result of the research showed that students worksheet included in the effective enough category, which based on the calculation of N-Gain score was 62.7809 or 62.8 %, with a minimum score is 57.14 % and a maximum score 66.67 %. These scores showed the improvement of student thinking in solving problem aspect, with good and very good categories. The result of the teacher respondent is 67, it is in interesting category and the student respondent got 84 in average score, it is in very interesting category. It can be concluded that the implementation of student worksheet in STEM basic and local wisdom can be implemented in teaching learning activities, it also improve the ability of students’ critical thinking.
Analysis of Mathematical Literacy Skills through PMRI Approaches of Elementary School Students
Authors: Wigati Trinil , Wardono Wardono , Purwanti Eko
Published: August 2020

Students’ low mathematics literacy skills are due to the lack of students' skills to solve mathematical problems related to the real world. The objective of this study is to analyse the improvement of mathematics literacy skills of fifth-grade elementary school students and describe the mathematical literacy skills of elementary students through the PMRI approach. The method used was a mixed method with concurrent embedded design to analyse quantitative data on the quality of the PMRI approach and qualitative data to analyse the mathematical literacy skills of fifth-grade elementary school students. The results show that by using the PMRI approach, classical mastery learning can be achieved and the average students’ mathematical literacy skills are higher than the expository model. It is shown from the classical completeness results , it is 2.065> 0.4678. Therefore, the proportion of students who learn through the PMRI approach reaches more than 75%. While the data analysis of mathematics literacy skills of fifth-grade elementary school students has good ability in expressing mathematical ideas, turning problems into mathematical models, using strategies, symbols and tools correctly, and can make conclusions.
Estrogen receptor-dependent and independent roles of benzo[a]pyrene in Ishikawa cells
Authors: Lee Isabelle , Zhang Guannan , Mesaros Clementina , Penning Trevor M
Published: August 2020

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental pollutants generated from the incomplete combustion of organic material. PAHs have been studied as genotoxicants, but some also act via non-genotoxic mechanisms in estrogen-dependent malignancies, such as breast cancer. PAHs require metabolic activation to electrophilic metabolites to exert their genotoxicity but non-genotoxic properties may also contribute to their carcinogenicity. The role of PAHs in endometrial cancer, a cancer associated with unopposed estrogen action is unknown. We assessed the metabolism of the representative PAH, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), to estrogenic compounds in Ishikawa human endometrial cells in the presence and absence of cytochrome P450 induction. Using stable-isotope dilution high-performance liquid chromatography and APCI tandem mass spectrometry in the selected reaction monitoring mode, we analyzed B[a]P metabolism in Ishikawa cells. Estrogenic activity of B[a]P metabolites was determined by the endogenous estrogen inducible alkaline phosphatase reporter gene and an exogenous estrogen response element (ERE) luciferase reporter gene construct. We also assessed whether PAHs can induce a proliferative phenotype via estrogen receptor (ER)- and non-ER-regulated pathways. We demonstrate that B[a]P can be metabolized in human endometrial cells into 3-OH-B[a]P and B[a]P-7,8-dione in sufficient amounts to activate ERs. We also show that only B[a]P-7,8-dione induces endometrial cell proliferation at concentrations lower than required to activate the ER; instead non-genomic signaling by the EGF receptor (EGFR) and activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway was responsible. This work indicates that human endometrial cells can metabolize PAHs into estrogenic metabolites, which may induce cell proliferation through non-ER-regulated pathways.