bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SILOGISMOS TEÓRICOS EN SHERLOCK HOLMES: UNA EXPERIENCIA DOCENTE ORIENTADA AL RAZONAMIENTO CLÍNICO EN FISIOTERAPIA
Authors: Alfaro Redondo César
Published: May 2022

El razonamiento clínico es un proceso mediante el cual el profesional en salud, con base en datos clínicos, en la evolución del paciente, y con su conocimiento, juicio, opinión y experticia, estructura su desempeño, desde el proceso evaluativo hasta la construcción de objetivos y estrategias de intervención de los individuos consultantes. Cabe indicar que el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del razonamiento clínico es difícil, ya que generalmente las personas profesionales en salud no son conscientes de los procesos cerebrales involucrados en su razonamiento y por lo tanto se dificulta explicarlo a otros. A partir de lo anterior, el presente artículo describe una experiencia docente orientada al razonamiento clínico; integra el silogismo teórico y las obras literarias de Sir Arthur Conan Doyle en el marco del curso ST-0110 Registros, información y calidad de los servicios impartido para la carrera Bachillerato y Licenciatura en Terapia Física de la Universidad de Costa Rica. La experiencia didáctica comprendió tres momentos: la fundamentación teórica, el ejercicio literario y la elaboración de un reporte analítico. Se presentan además los alcances preliminares de dicha experiencia, así como los principales desafíos en aspectos tales como la construcción de instrumentos de medición, la incorporación de aspectos cualitativos relacionados con el aprendizaje del alumnado y la implementación de actividades adicionales que complementen la experiencia.

 

Palabras clave: Fisioterapia, Razonamiento Clínico, Educación. Fuente: DeCS.
DENGUE EN LA UNIDAD DE CUIDADO INTENSIVO PEDIÁTRICO: FACTORES ASOCIADOS A SEVERIDAD
Authors: Echeverri Chica Daniela , Gil Artunduaga Mónica Alexandra , Valencia Benavides Maribel , Figueroa Vargas Arieth
Published: May 2022

El objetivo del presente artículo es determinar cuáles son los factores asociados a severidad y requerimiento de ingreso a la unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico (UCIP). El presente es un estudio observacional de corte transversal retrospectivo, se incluyeron pacientes entre 1 mes y 17 años con diagnóstico de dengue, con signos de alarma o dengue grave confirmado por laboratorio, que ingresen a la UCIP de la Fundación clínica infantil Club Noel (FCICN), entre septiembre de 2013 hasta diciembre de 2019. Se incluyeron 152 pacientes que cumplieron los criterios de selección. El 31,6 % se clasificó como dengue grave. La media de edad fue de 9,5±3,4 años con predominio del sexo femenino (55 %). El signo de alarma más común fue el derrame pleural (44,1 %) y el criterio de dengue grave más frecuente fue el choque por dengue (79,2 %). La taquicardia fue más frecuente en el grupo de dengue grave, la hipotensión asoció a choque por dengue y dengue grave con significancia estadística. La mortalidad fue del 2 %, no se encontraron factores asociados a la mortalidad. La mayoría de pacientes en el presente estudio se presentó con dengue con signos de alarma (DSA), lo que difiere a lo revisado en la literatura. También se encontraron diferencias en cuanto al recuento plaquetario y edad de presentación. Se reafirma que la clínica y, más específicamente, los signos vitales alterados son indicadores tempranos para detectar aquellos pacientes con mayor riesgo de desarrollar formas graves de dengue.

Palabras clave: Dengue, Cuidado crítico, Pediatría. Fuente: DeCS.
TRASPLANTE PANCREÁTICO COMO ALTERNATIVA TERAPÉUTICA EN LA DIABETES MELLITUS DE DIFICIL CONTROL
Authors: Cárdenas-Quirós María Fabiola , Rojas-Chaves Sebastián , Jacobo-Elizondo Jeffrey , Andrea Balmaceda-Meza , Sanabria-Castro Alfredo , Leandro Sandí Vladimir , Echeverri-McCandless Ann
Published: May 2022

La creciente incidencia de diabetes mellitus tipo 1 y tipo 2, así como la inefectividad de la terapéutica actual en pacientes de difícil control, ha llevado a la necesidad de ampliar la disponibilidad de opciones de tratamiento para este sector poblacional, buscando novedosos tratamientos que brinden resultados a corto y mediano plazo y un menor número de complicaciones secundarias. Es por esto por lo que a través de la historia se han desarrollado múltiples intentos de trasplantar el órgano encargado de contrarrestar los elevados niveles de glucosa en sangre provocados por este padecimiento.

Hoy en día existe una gran cantidad de literatura que demuestra la ventaja del trasplante de páncreas en comparación con otras opciones de tratamiento en pacientes con diabetes complicada y / o enfermedad renal en etapa terminal.

La siguiente revisión proporciona una exploración del trasplante de páncreas desde su inicio dando a conocer los pioneros en la técnica, su desarrollo durante el tiempo, hasta la actualidad y una vista general sobre los tipos de trasplante pancreático, sus diversas indicaciones, así como técnicas innovadoras, la inmunosupresión actualmente utilizada; las principales y más frecuentes complicaciones observadas durante este procedimiento y una proyección al futuro del trasplante de páncreas en el tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus.

 

Palabras clave: Trasplante de páncreas; trasplante de islotes pancreáticos; diabetes mellitus tipo 1; diabetes mellitus tipo 2; intervención quirúrgica. Fuente: DeCS/MeSH.
Population genetic features of calving interval of the Limousin beef cattle breed in Hungary
Authors: Bene Szabolcs , Polgár Péter J. , Szűcs Márton , Márton Judit , Szabó Eszter , Szabó Ferenc
Published: May 2022

Variance, covariance components, heritability, breeding values (BV) and genetic trends in calving interval (CI) of the Limousin population in Hungary were evaluated. A total of 3,008 CI data of 779 cows from three herds in 1996–2016 were processed. For influencing effects GLM method, for population genetic parameters and BV estimation BLUP animal model, for trend analyses linear regression was applied. The average CI obtained was 378.8 ± 3.1 days. The variance distribution components of the phenotype were as follow: age of cow at calving 34.30%, season of calving 26.09%, year of calving 23.00%, sire 7.45%, herd 3.23%, sex of calf 0.33% and type of calving 0.30%. The heritability of CI proved to be low (h2
d = 0.04 ± 0.02 and 0.03 ± 0.02; h2
m = 0.01 ± 0.02). The repeatability was low (R = 0.03 ± 0.02). Based on the phenotypic trend calculation, the CI of cows decreased by an average of 0.60 days per year (R
2 = 0.19; P < 0.05). In case of genetic trend calculation, the average BV of sires in CI increased 0.07 and 0.17 days per year (R
2 = 0.23 and 0.27; P < 0.05).
Mappings that transform helices from Euclidean space to Minkowski space
Authors: ALTINBAŞ Hasan , MAK Mahmut , ALTUNKAYA Bülent , KULA Levent
Published: May 2022

In this study, we introduce mappings that transform helices in Euclidean $ n $-space to non-null helices in Minkowski $ n $-space or Minkowski $ (n+1) $-space. Furthermore, we show that these mappings preserve the axes of the helices, and we also obtain the invariants of the mappings. Especially, by using these mappings, we give some examples of non-null helices which are constructed in Minkowski 3-space or Minkowski 4-space from some helices in Euclidean 3-space.
Some results on Kenmotsu statistical manifolds
Authors: JIANG Yan , WU Feng , ZHANG Liang
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we first investigate the Kenmotsu statistical structures built on a Kenmotsu space form and determine some special Kenmotsu statistical structures under two curvature conditions. Secondly, we show that if the holomorphic sectional curvature of the hypersurface orthogonal to the structure vector in a Kenmotsu statistical manifold is constant, then the $\phi-$sectional curvature of the ambient Kenmotsu statistical manifold must be constant $-1$, and the constant holomorphic sectional curvature of the hypersurface is $0$. In addition, some non-trivial examples are given to illustrate the results of this paper.
Questions and clarity: insights from applying computational methods to paleoclimate archives
Authors:   , Fendrock Michaela
Published: May 2022

It is a scientifically accepted fact that the Earth’s climate is presently undergoing significant changes with the potential for immense negative impacts on human society. As evidence of these impacts become clear and common, it becomes ever more important to constrain the nature, magnitude, and speed of changes to Earth systems. A fundamentally important tool to this understanding is the Earth’s past, recorded in the geologic record. There, lie examples of climate change under various forcings: important data for understanding the fundamental dynamics of climate change on our planet. However, when a climate signal is written in the geologic record, it is coded into the language of proxies and distorted by time. This thesis endeavors to decode that record using a variety of computational methods on a number of challenging proxies, to draw more information from the climate past than has previously been possible. First, machine learning and computer vision are used to decipher the primary, centimeter-scale textures of carbonate deposits in Searles Valley and Mono Lake, California. This work is able to connect facies in the tufa at Searles, grown during the Last Glacial Period, and those forming presently at Mono Lake. Next, the tracks of icebergs purged during Heinrich Events are simulated using the MIT General Circulation Model. This work, running multiple experiments exploring different aspects internal and external to the icebergs, reveals wind and sediment partitioning as centrally important to the spatial extent of Heinrich Layers. Each of these works considers a traditional geologic archive – a carbonate facies, a marine sediment layer – and uses computational methods to approach that archive from a different perspective. By applying these new methods, more information can be gleaned from the geologic record, building a richer narrative of the Earth’s climate history. The final chapter of this thesis discusses effective teaching and strategies for building communities to support teaching practice in Earth Science departments.
Zniekształcone tożsamości wieloetnicznej Ukrainy
Authors: Suchomłynow Lech Aleksy
Published: May 2022

Currently, multiethnic Ukraine is inhabited by over 110 nationalities, assimilated to various extents and mostly russianized, particularly in the south-eastern territories. In the area of the former Soviet Union, the self-identification Post Homo Sovieticus is strictly related to the issue of multiculturalism and the conscious choice of ethnic belonging. Despite the few legal acts of Ukraine which guarantee ”the rights of national-cultural autonomy to all national minorities”, the processes of rebirth and development of ethnic groups’ identities are hindered by the specificity of the collective consciousness Post Homo Sovieticus, which – to a large extent – indicates the socio-cultural system of this country situated at the crossroads.
Intercultural education – Swedish textbooks as the source of inspirationfor Polish educators
Authors: Pogorzelska Marzanna
Published: May 2022

As the importance of intercultural education has been increasing in the last years, the solutions worked out in this area in different countries may be inspiring and worth disseminating. The paper draws upon the qualitative analysis of the chosen textbooks used in Sweden in relation to their intercultural education potential. In the text I am firstly defining intercultural education as the departing point for further discussion on the textbooks as the agents of transmitting it. After that, I am describing some problems related to tackling intercultural issues in the textbooks used in Poland and presenting methodological questions. In the main body of the paper, I am looking into the way intercultural competences are developed in the sample of the textbooks used in Sweden. The article is complete with some conclusions concerning the application of Swedish approach in the textbooks used in Poland.
Młodzież pogranicza – młodzież na pograniczu. Wybrane wyniki badań z projektu Interreg IIIArealizowanego w Instytucie Nauk PedagogicznychUniwersytetu Opolskiego
Authors: Nycz Edward
Published: May 2022

The article brings up an issue (related to research project), which concentrates on the problem of subjectivity and tolerance among the young people on the borderland of cultures. The youth is the time of defining people’s own identity, however nowadays this process is difficult to be conducted in the face of global and local changes. Carried out research shows values preferred by the young people of the country region, their vision of the world and their attempt to define their own place in the society. Research was a common Polish-Czech project. The investigation group consisted of young people and local country-leaders.
(Nie-)Polak, (nie-)Niemiec – Ślązak, czyli o rozpoznaniu własnej etniczności
Authors:   Uniwersytet Gdański, Kożyczkowska Adela
Published: May 2022

The inspiration for the article is Zbigniew Rokita’s book “Kajś. A Tale of Upper Silesia”. It allowed the author to reflect on the issue of ethnic recognition of a human being as the basis for constructing an ethnic identity. The theoretical context consists of two theses: the first one (following Hannah Arendt) says that human beings always come to this world as new, as strangers, and to make their humanity more real, they need to act and speak; the second thesis (following Martin Heidegger) refers to the “truth of being” and proves that human habitation in the world is complicated. Attempts to understand the relationship between ethnic recognition and identity allowed the author to formulate the thesis that ethnicity is nothing else but knowledge about one’s family, community and the land inhabited by generations. The recognition of ethnicity itself can have three stages: 1) anecdotal identity; 2) attractive identity; 3) patched identity.
Sytuacja edukacyjna, społeczna i ekonomiczna Żydówek w powiecie wałeckim (Prusy Zachodnie) w okresie od XVIII do początków XX wieku
Authors:   Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Sienkiewicz Wilowska Julia Anastazja
Published: May 2022

In this article, I analyze the functioning of women in Jewish communities in the Wałcz County (Kreis Deutsch Krone), which was part of West Prussia until the end of 1945. This area, located initially between West Prussia and Pomerania and later between several Prussian provinces, was particularly conducive to Jewish settlement. As a result, for example in Miroslawiec (Märkisch Friedland), located in the Wałcz district, at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries, the Jewish population constituted as much as 55%. So far, few publications have been written about the Jewish communities functioning in that area. The text is of a historical nature; in the course of its preparation, I have made use of archival materials, the Jewish press of the time, and I have also referred to Prussian legal regulations. As a result, I have analysed the economic, legal and, in particular, educational situation of Jewish women living in the area, taking into account two types of factors that conditioned it – religious orders and Prussian legislation. I also discuss the changes and their causes, to which the functioning of women in these communities was subjected in the period from the 18th to the beginning of the 20th century, as well as the gradual assimilation of the Jewish population, progressing until World War II, which put an end to the presence of Jews in this area.
Ludność rdzenna w kanadyjskim systemie edukacji – próba pogodzenia z przeszłością, aktualna sytuacja i planowane działania
Authors:   Uniwersytet im. A. Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Czech-Włodarczyk Celina
Published: May 2022

This article is devoted to theoretical considerations on the education of Canadian Indigenous Peoples. In the past, this education was provided in state boarding schools by priests and nuns, mainly for First Nations children aged 4– –16, who were sent there forcibly, taken by force from their parents. There were many cases of abuse in schools such as: physical, mental and sexual violence, experienced by approximately 150 000 children. Some of them never returned to family homes. These schools destroyed the psyche of many young people and influenced their later lives. It was not until 2005 that the Canadian government officially apologized to survivors and their families for the harm suffered by several generations of Indigenous Peoples during 120 years of compulsory education, conversion and integration into white colonizing society. Currently, the Canadian government willing to compensate for past harm, is working at federal and provincial levels to improve access of Indigenous people to the education system at all levels.
Wrażliwość międzykulturowa polskich emigrantów w Anglii w porównaniu z obywatelami Wielkiej Brytanii i Polski zamieszkałymi w kraju pochodzenia
Authors:   UMCS Lublin, Korczyński Mariusz
Published: May 2022

The aim of the study was to try to determine differences in the level of intercultural sensitivity of Polish economic emigrants in England, compared to citizens of Great Britain and Poland living in their country of origin. Intercultural sensitivity is understood as an indicator of competence to intercultural communication expressed in the readiness to lead dialogue with a culturally different person. The research was conducted in England and Poland, using the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale (ISS) by G.-M. Chen and W.J. Starosta, adapted to the Polish conditions by the author of this article. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that the highest level of readiness for dialogue with a culturally different person is presented by the surveyed citizens of Great Britain (who obtained in most of the analysed dimensions high and average results in the upper range) and the lowest – by Polish nationals residing in their country of origin (their results ranked as average).
The relationships between the margraves of Brandenburg and the Knights Templar (12th–14th c.)
Authors:   Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Wasilkiewicz Kamil
Published: May 2022

The paper focuses on the relationships between the margraves of Brandenburg from the House of Ascania and the Knights Templar. The author presents four essential stages of these relationships: occasional contacts, the conflict over the Transodrian estates, rapprochement and collaboration.
Stav bádania pustovníckych reholí na území Slovenska v stredoveku
Authors:   Univerzita Komenského, Pedagogická fakulta, Nemeš Jaroslav
Published: May 2022

In this historiographical paper, we map the latest state of research into Christian hermitages in medieval Slovakia. We focus on literature on the subject of hermits, the Order of Carthusians and the Pauline Fathers, published after 1989.
Curienses w służbie wojskowej na Rusi za panowania króla Jana Olbrachta – zarys problematyki źródłowej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego, Nalewajek Agnieszka
Published: May 2022

This article includes an analysis of the accounting records preserved in the Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw which refer to the years of the reign of King John I Albert (1492–1501), in terms of the issues connected with the military service performed by horse courtiers (curienses) in the defence of Ruthenia.
Health Aspects of the Quality of Life in the Old Age in the Perspective of Social Sciences
Authors:   Jagiellonian University, Helena Gaweł Anna
Published: May 2022

The paper presents a theoretical analysis of the links between human health and the quality of life, referring to the period of the old age and aging. The starting point for the analysis was the systemic, holistic and salutogenetic approach to health as physical, mental, social, and spiritual wellbeing, the level of which is determined not only by the human biology but also lifestyle and factors in the living environment. The article shows that wellbeing, which is achieved, among other things, through an active lifestyle and good living conditions, is a category uniting health and the quality of life in the subjective and objective dimensions. Given the inevitability of involutional biological changes and social inequalities in the period of aging and the old age, it was recognized that pedagogical activities aimed at improving the quality of life of seniors are a part of the educational aspects of health promotion. The purpose of “education in the old age” is to free the health potential of senior citizens by stimulating their active lifestyle, which, however, requires education to prepare people for their old age.
Traje de luces: The Daub, the Art, or the Cra" ?
Authors:   Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Ziółkowska-Kuflińska Magdalena
Published: May 2022

Corrida the toros is considered a symbol of Spain. Corrida as a spectacle similar to a theatre spectacle is subject to rules. All elements of the spectacle, stages as well as tools used during corrida fall under strict rules, the same applies to the costumes worn by “actors” taking part in the corrida. Traje de luces – a lucent costume, which next to the bull itself is regarded as the most recognisable symbol of corrida. Matador’s outfit is considered as a piece of art by ones, others will see it as a ostentatious costume. What is it in reality? The answer to this question is not easy and obvious. The delicate handwork and fivestar materials position the costume of the matador as a work of art; however, garish colouring and exaggerated embellishments seem rather gaudy. Traje de luces should be always considered in a wider context, because only in that case its symbolism and meaning can be actually interpreted. Outside the corrida de toros the bright costume of the matador is only a colourful outfit, however in its natural environment, that is on the arena, it gains a completely different meaning. In this article, I will introduce various points of view on the topic.
Between Provocation and Experiment. Technical Reports and the Ecology of Scholarly Communication in the Humanities
Authors:   Jagiellonian University, Marecki Piotr
Published: May 2022

The aim of this paper is to describe a genre that is gaining importance in contemporary humanities, and especially in its areas devoted to digital media – the technical report. Technical reports are discussed as part of the larger trend of open notebook science. This form of communication draws from experiences worked out in the field of technology, computer science and science. In this understanding technical reports are a genre of gray literature, a form dedicated to communicating results of research projects conducted by laboratories. The case study discussed in this text is devoted to a series of technical reports from the MIT Trope Tank lab, which are interpreted in the light of a manifestotext for this form of communication, Beyond the Journal and the Blog. The Technical Report for Communication in the Humanities, published by Nick Montfort. One of the aims of the article is also to contextualize technical reports against the background of other forms and methods of communication in laboratories from the field of contemporary humanities (including blogs, brochures, lab notebooks).
Rola konsulów w organizacji wyborów przeprowadzanych za granicą (uwagi na tle wyborów Prezydenta RP z 2020 r.)
Authors:   Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Pyrzyńska Agata
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this article is to analyze the tasks assigned to consuls in the course of organizing the election of the President of the Republic of Poland abroad. There is no doubt that the Polish legislator has entrusted the consuls with the role of the actual organizers of elections held abroad, which entails a significant responsibility these entities. The study also examines the supervision over the performance of tasks by consuls in the field of the organization of elections. In this range, it should be noted that there is a significant difference, consisting in the delegation of supervisory tasks over the performance of electoral activities by consuls to the minister competent for foreign affairs, with a significant limitation of the powers of the NEC, which is, after all, the main body supervising compliance with the electoral law. In these considerations, mainly the formal and legal method was used.
Zasada tajności głosowania w Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej a możliwość implementacji głosowania powszechnego z wykorzystaniem e-votingu opartego na technologii blockchain
Authors:   Collegium Humanum, Stępniak Kamil
Published: May 2022

The principle of secret voting is one of the basic elements of the Polish electoral system. Its character does not raise many doubts in the literature on the subject. It seems, however, that secrecy of voting may be one of the main challenges in the context of plans to implement Internet voting in universal suffrage. Many scientists place their hope in blockchain. It is a technology that ensures high security. On the basis of this article, I consider whether blockchain – due to its characteristics – can be used in Poland as a technology enabling voting via the Internet. I pay particular attention to the principle of secret voting, which may be difficult to implement with the use of this solution.
Wpływ pandemii COVID-19 na prawa i wolności obywateli w zakresie organizowania zgromadzeń
Authors:   Politechnika Rzeszowska, Purc-Kurowicka Katarzyna
Published: May 2022

The article focuses on the freedom of citizens to organize assemblies during the COVID- 19 pandemic in Poland. The provisions of the Acts and the Regulation of the Council of Ministers of March 19, 2021 on the establishment of certain restrictions, orders and bans in connection with the occurrence of the epidemic, prohibiting or limiting the organization of assemblies during a pandemic in terms of the existence of pro-liberation or anti-freedom tendencies, were analyzed. The presented article is an attempt to consider the constitutionality of the provisions in force in this area. The law may become a tool of lawlessness, and it should be noted that the participation of citizens in assemblies is sometimes the only opportunity to express their views and one of the basic standards characterizing a democratic state ruled by law.
Polityka migracyjna Republiki Włoskiej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Podraza Marek
Published: May 2022

Italy, due to it is geographical location, is extremely exposed to migratory movements. Over the past few decades, the Republic has undergone a far-reaching transformation from sending to receiving country. A country in which a migration policy practically did not exist had to build it from scratch quite quickly, which was associated with many of its disadvantages, reformed over time. A breakthrough moment was the migration crisis initiated in 2011 and caused by the Arab Spring in North Africa. It was a real test not only for the Italian migration policy, but in retrospect also for the entire European Union, where, unfortunately, there was no enough solidarity.
Idea godności jednostki jako uzasadnienie prawa do środowiska
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Merkwa Marcin
Published: May 2022

The problem of environmental protection is perhaps the most important challenge facing man today. On the legal level, this issue is expressed, inter alia, in the discussion on recognition of the right to the environment. This problem is widely discussed and poses a challenge both in the field of international and constitutional law. The work presents the key regulations of both international environmental law and the constitutions of various countries. This allowed for the recognition of the role and significance of the concept of the dignity of the individual, which, underpinning the international system of human rights protection, also plays an important role in environmental regulations. The thesis was formulated that, despite many doubts, the dignity of the individual stands for the idea that combines environmental protection issues with the concept of human rights.
Ewolucja praw zdrowotnych w Unii Europejskiej w optyce praw człowieka
Authors:   Akademia Pomorska w Słupsku, Bieńkowska Daria
Published: May 2022

As an economic and political union of states, the European Union has historically focused neither on health nor on human rights. Since the adoption of the Charter of Fundamental Rights, the link between fundamental rights and human health has been noticeable. Respect for human dignity and individual decisions played an important role in the evolution of the understanding of the right to health as a human right in the EU legal system. The aim of the article is to analyze the development of health rights in EU law and answer the question: does recognizing the right to health as a human right result in a specific legal claim? The article uses a purposeful-functional and axiological interpretation, and the historical method.
Nadając znaczenie prawom - Alona Harela koncepcja obowiązku konstytucyjnej kryminalizacji
Authors:   Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Peno Michał
Published: May 2022

The article will present the concepts of the Israeli philosopher Alon Harel relating to the issue of non-instrumental justification of law, including criminal law. An important aspect of Harel’s considerations is the obligation to criminalize acts that violate fundamental rights and freedoms. This duty should be expressed in the constitution, symmetrically to the content of constitutional rights and freedoms. The background to the considerations is the judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal of 22 October 2020 issued in case K 1/20. The article will outline the line of argumentation (following Alon Harel) in favor of the recognition that regardless of socio-ethical or philosophical issues, the Tribunal’s decision was necessary for the good not only of individual individuals, but also of the legal system.
Scotland at the Crossroads between the European Union and the United Kingdom
Authors:   University of Szczecin, Czapiewski Tomasz
Published: May 2022

Scottish Independence Referendum will take place on 18 September 2014. There would be only one question during referendum: “Should Scotland be an independent country? The reform of devolution established by Scotland Act 2012 is sometimes overlooked by observers as too little too late. The most principal issues of the referendum will be: economy, oil resources, currency, defense and European Union. Main doubt around referendum is whether Scotland would be better economically after Independence. Scotland’s position within the EU is likely to be shaped more by any agreements between the parties than by pre-existing principles of EU law. Doubts about Scottish membership in the EU have to be viewed in the context of the referendum on the UK’s membership in the European Union, that will take place if the Conservative Party wins the 2015. British political class have always behaved differently towards the European integration than continental elites The importance of the European dimension of the Scottish Independence Referendum was proved by Panelbase poll in May 2013.
Strategic Planning, Limits to Grand Strategy, and Strategic Review: Methods and Problems of Forecasting Social Phenomena
Authors:   Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Donaj Łukasz
Published: May 2022

Planning is a process of defining goals and identifying means and methods to achieve them, effective and relevant to future operating conditions, and therefore a diagnosis of a current situation, design and choice of goals, and ways to reach them. The main substance of this publication is to present research methods (methods of prediction) relating to the creation of the future of an organisation, especially a political organisation, or a country. They are: strategic planning and strategic review. In addition, the problems relating directly to the above methods such as limits to grand strategy, the Black Swan effect, the Tsunami effect, and the arguments against normative methods will be presented.
The Threat of Mega-terrorism: Availability, Inhibitors and Motivation
Authors:   Pedagogical University in Krakow, Kopeć Rafał
Published: May 2022

The prospect of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) terrorism poses a danger for contemporary societies. However, the incidents related to an application of weapons of mass destruction (that is, nuclear, chemical, biological and radiological weapons) by non-state actors are relatively rare. The aim of the paper is to present recent incidents and to estimate the threat from particular types of WMD. The author focuses both on the question of motivation to undertake these operations and on the problem of technological capabilities. To sum up, the risk of a massive WMD terrorist attack should be perceived as quite moderate due to the technological barrier, but selective attacks carry a greater potential risk because of their higher probability and significant psychological effect.
Correlation of Normative Resolutions with Normative Legal Acts
Authors:   Kazakh-Russian International University, Turdaly Zhaksylykuly Karatayev
Published: May 2022

In the given article the issues concerning normative resolutions which are given by the Supreme Court of the Republic of Kazakhstan according to criminal cases are pointed out. The structure and mechanism of normative resolutions are discussed. Correlation of normative legal acts are investigated. Normative legal acts consist of legal norms, they regulate and manage social relations. It means that, as the normative legal acts play an important role on the judicial sphere, they create, change the norms and even can stop their activity. Here we may include constitutional laws, codes, laws, all charters of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan which have legal power. Normative resolutions are equal for all, according to definite cases it is used not for one person, but for several people. Also, normative resolutions are used in accordance with legal acts, and until the used norm loses its power it can have definite power.
Position of European Parliament in Relation to the Association Process of the South Caucasus Countries with the EU
Authors:   University of Szczecin, Staszczyk Artur
Published: May 2022

This article analyses the position of European Parliament (EP) in the question of the lasting from 2010 association process of the South Caucasus countries with the EU. The process is aimed at the establishment of close, extensive political and economic cooperation of the countries with the EU. The author stresses the importance attached by EP to the association negotiations, which according to the Parliament should have a crucial impact on the democratization process in Azerbaijan, Armenia and Georgia. It should be underlined that the development of democracy in those EU’s partner countries is of special interest to EP, which in recognition of their geopolitical importance with its numerous resolutions requires making closer relations with them and even providing the countries with a potential European perspective (Georgia). However the more extensive cooperation of the EU with the countries is made dependent by EP on the incorporation by Azerbaijan, Georgia and Armenia of the values defined as European (democracy, rule of law, protection of human rights etc.). That is why so important for EP are the questions of human rights observance, observance of the rules of democracy and law, including transparency and fairness of the processes in the countries. In case of violating rules constituting foundations for democratic and lawful country’s functioning, EP responds in a determined way and usually takes un unambiguous stand quite often contrasting with more “weighted” opinions of other Union institutions.
Some Praxiological Reflections on the So-Called ‘Overton Window of Political Possibilities’,‘Framing’ and Related Problems
Authors:   University of Szczecin, Zbigniew Szałek Benon
Published: May 2022

The so-called ‘Overton Window of Political Possibilities’ originates from a concept named after Joseph P. Overton and is based on the assumption that any collection of public policies within a policy area can be arranged in order from more free to less free. At any one time, some group of adjacent policies along the freedom spectrum fall into a ‘window of political possibility’. Policies inside the window are politically acceptable, meaning officeholders believe they can support the policies and survive the next election.
The Dilemma of Present Day: Guerrilla, Terrorist and Asymmetric Warfare
Authors:   University of Szczecin, J. Piątek Jarosław
Published: May 2022

In order to describe the environment surrounding us, so complex in terms of relations resulting from using violence, we easily employ terms such as ‘partisan’ or ‘militant’, just in order to define the very same ones as terrorists a while later. Probably the benchmark of contemporary description, especially of political action is the lack of clear-cut attitudes. Terrorism is nothing new, and this statement in itself is not very revealing. However, for many contemporary researchers of this issue, there is never too much information. Terrorism has always accompanied the history of oppressive regimes as well as resistance movements and uprisings. All the same, within the anti- colonial insurrectionary movements of the mid-20th century which led to the fall of European colonial empires over a short period of time, terrorism achieved new quality. It should also be emphasized that it achieved considerable political successes compared to the social-revolutionary terrorism of the late 19th century. The attribute ‘terrorist’ serves as an excluding one in different relations. By employing such term, one that their cause is an unconventional one – leastways as long as specific ways of using violence are applied. On the other hand, groups classified as terrorist ones often describe themselves as partisans who are fighting for the liberation of certain social or ethnic groups and who have to employ “unconventional” methods of using force because of the military superiority of the oppressive regime. By describing certain actions as ‘terrorist’ one usually intends on bereaving it of every sort of political legitimation. Is there any aspect that terrorism and guerrilla actions have in common? In certain socio-revolutionary or ethno-separatist strategies of violence, the concept of terrorism consists in the idea of a ‘starter’ which is to create the conditions to commence the guerrilla war. There could also be groups acting as partisans on one front line, and as terrorists on the other. The example is Al-Qaeda: in Central Asia its network operated only temporarily, as a kind of guerrilla, while in the global scale it employed terrorist strategy.
Dispute over European Union and Eurozone Crisis in the Light of Selected Theories of European Integration
Authors:   Szczecin University, Staszczyk Artur
Published: May 2022

The study tackles the issue of applying respective theories of European integration to explain the processes occurring in the EU, and in particular, in the debt-wrecked eurozone. In the author’s view, the eurozone crisis revived the dispute over the shape of EU. On one hand, it is the supranational neofunctionalism and on the other, state-centric intergovernmentalism views clashing with one another. The author believes that the key theory that successfully explains the member states’ behavior in face of eurozone crisis is the intergovernmentalism theory. It assumes the primacy of nation-state and its interests in the process of European integration. This is particularly apparent in the time of crisis when supranational mechanisms typical of neofunctionalist theory serve solely the purpose of legitimizing national interests of the economically strongest EU members.
Poland in NATO – Some Geopolitical and Praxiological Remarks
Authors:   University of Szczecin, Zbigniew Szałek Benon
Published: May 2022

This paper presents some remarks on the situation of Poland in NATO. The problem of ‘predictability’ is analysed on the basis of a simple scheme (system, its environment, their interactions). The geopolitical analysis of this dynamic model leads to the conclusion that the future cannot be described as highly predictable, although some long-term scenarios seem to be relatively plausible and may be used in the construction of more realistic global and national/ regional strategies. The results of this analysis suggest global cooperation and regional integration.
Challenges of Nigeria as a Preferable Seat of International Commercial Arbitration
Authors:   National Open University of Nigeria, Aje-Famuyide Olufunke , Akano Nimisore
Published: May 2022

Arbitration has over the years gained prominence as a preferred method for dispute resolution especially for cross-border commercial disputes. One of the reasons is that the parties want to resolve their dispute in privacy and obtain an enforceable award as soon as possible. The choice of the arbitral seat during the negotiation of any international commercial arbitration agreement is perhaps one of the most overlooked influential aspects over the course of the arbitral procedures. The importance of a wise choice of an arbitral seat generally has two aspects, one of logistical convenience and the other is of a legal effect. For reason of the crucial legal effects of the place of arbitration, the parties have to be sure that they have chosen the best suitable jurisdiction as the seat of arbitration. The article will further analyse the concept of the seat of arbitration, its role, and importance in international commercial arbitration. It will also examine by reviewing the drawbacks of Nigeria as a preferred seat of international arbitration, particularly on the arbitration legislation and the respective judicial supervision and support in effectively conducting arbitration within the jurisdiction.
Preparation and Imposition of Punishment for the Commission of Criminal Offenses Prescribed by Articles 371–376 of the CC of Ukraine
Authors:   Judge of Luhansk Court of Appeal, Kostrytskyi Vitalii
Published: May 2022

The article deals with criminal law characteristics and imposition of punishment for offenses in the field of implementation and maintenance of ordinary activity of bodies of inquiry, pre-trial investigation, prosecutor’s office, and court. The research analyzes the fundamentals of establishing criminal liability for particular socially-dangerous acts. The tasks of the present publication encompass methodologically correct preparation of a judgment in cases of offenses against justice which would contain a response to asserted claims, satisfy parties to the case, and be skillfully drafted meeting relevant requirements.
The Question of Local Self-Government in The Political Concepts of the Contemporary Polish National Camp
Authors:   University of Rzeszow, Koziełło Tomasz
Published: May 2022

The aim of this article is to analyse the attitude of the contemporary Polish national camp towards local government in the political concepts of the two most influential political parties of this trend - League of Polish Families and National Movement. In the article are characterized the most important issues such as: the role of local government, the tasks of local government, the postulated reforms.
Understanding social pathology of disease causation and socio-cultural factors of corona virus (COVID-19) in South-West, Nigeria
Authors:   Olabisi Onabanjo University, Aluko-Arowolo Sola , O. Ogunbote Olugbenga ,   Olabisi Onabanjo University, Edun Taiwo ,   Olabisi Onabanjo University, Olugbenga Olarenwaju Akinola ,   Olabisi Onabanjo University
Published: May 2022

The new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) started in Wuhan City of China on December 31st 2019As at August 3,2020 a total of 18,056,310 million cases had been diagnosed globally with over 689,219 deaths with cases in Nigeria snowballing gradually becoming lethal. Given Nigeria’s socio-economic and demographic significance to African continent, it is imperative to understand the cultural norms that may aid or obstructs prevention and treatment of the disease in order to halt its transmission. Data for study came from the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and other publicly available data sources supported with PEN-3 cultural model developed in 1989 by Airhihenbuwa. The model places culture at the core of the development, implementation and evaluation of successful public health interventions. COVID-19 transmission increases with large population concentration in urban areas and proximity to major entry points to other adjacent states and countries. The paper suggested that dominant cultures, civilization and religious practices should be adhered to, adopted as the case may be for restrictions such physical distancing, hand hygiene, use of face masks and another prophylactic regimen to flatten the curve of the pandemic in Nigeria and likely occurrence of similar disease in future.
Afghanistan’s Media Developments and Challenges in the Past Two Decades: A Short Glance at Media Freedom
Authors:   Afghanistan Academy of Sciences, Jan Masomy Masom
Published: May 2022

Media, during Taliban five years period from 1996-2001, had been totally suffocated. Only limited number of print media would publish to spread the propaganda of Taliban Emirate under Sharia Law. Post-Taliban era, media landscape obtained new image with the establishment of democratic government. Independent media were allowed to operate in accordance with the formation of new constitution of 2004. Afghanistan to rise and promote the voice of right, equality and justice, defend human rights and spread public awareness in order to serve for social responsibilities. Despite continued challenges media outlets and journalists have made tremendous progress which it has resulted in harm of their personal life from time to time due to threats of insecurity, war, warlords, strongmen, corrupted actors in government as well as in attacks of Taliban and ISIS insurgents. Hence, media outlets and journalists have been carrying on their responsibilities despite of availed risks to them and their families. In this paper, it has been viewed the status of media freedom, process of development and continued challenges to media freedom and journalists.
The Nexus among Unemployment, Poverty and Crime in Contemporary Nigeria
Authors:   National Open University of Nigeria, Ebobo Urowoli Christiana , Akujobi Alero Toju ,   National Open University of Nigeria
Published: May 2022

Unemployment and poverty have been the major causes of crime in developing countries, Nigeria inclusive. The main objective of this paper was to show the connections among unemployment, poverty and crime in Nigeria. It also examined unemployment and poverty rates in Nigeria. The research design adopted for this paper is cross-sectional and explanatory. The paper adopted conceptual framework to show the nexus among the concepts. It used secondary sources of data collection and data analysis was based on content analysis. The study revealed that there is a strong link between unemployment, poverty and crime in Nigeria. The relationship among the concepts is bi-directional. Unemployment has adverse effect on poverty and crime rate. So also poverty negatively affects unemployment and crime rates. Increase in crime rates leads to increase in unemployment and poverty. The paper therefore recommended amongst others that the rate of unemployment must reduce if poverty and crime must reduce. Also the rate of unemployment can be reduced through provision of jobs which will consequently reduce the rate of poverty and also make crime unattractive on the long run.