bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential Geotourism Attractions on Nusa Penida Island, Klungkung Regency, Bali
Authors: Bagus Oka Agastya Ida , Diyan Diwyastra Putu , Ariantana Ketut , Satya Yudhistira , Maiva Utama Putu
Published: February 2023

Nusa Penida Island is one of the leading tourist destinations in Bali Province. Tourist destinations on the Island consist of various types of beaches, hills, caves to unique landscapes formed due to the karstification process. Nusa Penida Island is geologically composed of limestones (the Selatan Formation) with various types such as clastic limestones and coral limestones(Hadiwidjojo et al, 1998). In addition to the unique geology of Nusa Penida Island, it also has archaeological uniqueness. The Gede Cave shows that Nusa Penida was once inhabited by prehistoric humans (Abdillah, 2011). During the COVID-19 pandemic, tourism seems to be forced to accelerate and requires new tourist attraction innovations that support sustainable tourism. This research discusses geotourism-based tourist attractions that can be developed and explored in Nusa Penida. The approach used is geological diversity inventory method (Geological Agency, 2017). Primary data was obtained through survey activities. From the research carried out, it can be concluded that 10 geological site locations in the Nusa Penida area have the potential to be developed as areas with geotourism attractions, which offer unique geology, especially regarding karts landscape processes and one of the key geological history on the island of Bali. In addition, Nusa Penida Island has the potential to be developed as a geopark as an effort to develop sustainable tourism in Klungkung Regency.
Virtual Educational Laboratories: Instructive or explorative learning?
Authors: Lisborg Sanne
Published: February 2023

This paper explores how the field of Science and Technology Studies (STS) can inform and help conceptualise a relatively new form of laboratory work in education: virtual laboratories. To date, STS have not addressed laboratory work in education. This paper focuses on the virtual educational laboratory by synthesising arguments from the STS literature on laboratory work and proposes research questions that can guide future ethnographic research on how virtual laboratories are applied and constructed locally in the classroom. I argue that the virtual laboratory, like the physical one, must be understood in a broader cultural, social and material context. Moreover, the virtual laboratory has both constraints and affordances, tied to the medium through which it is materialised. I conclude that the virtual laboratory can be understood as a hybrid between explorative and instructive learning.
Mapping Disaster
Authors: Petersen Katrina
Published: February 2023

This article examines the production of a highly referenced yet unofficial Google map made during the 2007 wildfires in Southern California to track the unfolding disaster in order to explore how, under duress of disaster, diverse actors and technologies interact to produce mutually legitimate ways of knowing that disaster. Drawing on informal interviews of key actors in the production of the map as well as textual analysis of government and scientific documents regarding the wildfires, I explore the improvisational practices that took shape in order to better understand how diverse voices, often non-authoritative ones, become part of the collective knowledge of that disaster. Engaging with visual culture studies, critical geography and science and technology studies, I expand upon the complexity of the relationship between representation and world, and argue that no single person, technology, or environmental factor was in control of the mapping practice. I find that the legitimacy and value of the map is to be found in the ad-­‐hoc and often problematic interactions that produced the map, where wildfire expertise is not located in a specific training or position in society, but distributed over the network of interactions. Analyzing the relationship between representational practice and knowledge in this way, I argue, can help make visible how valued forms of knowledge were not determined a priori to the wildfires or map, but came into being along with the map.
Screening Devices at School
Authors: Ratner Helene
Published: February 2023

Including children with special needs in the common school has become an international political priority over the past 15-20 years. In reponse, new social technologies have emerged. This article analyses one such technology, an action plan called a SMTTE, and proposes that we understand it as a “screening device”. It is a “device” in the sense that it distributes agency, and it “screens” in the word’s multiple meanings: “projecting” as in creating a viewer position; “sifting” and “systematizing” as in discriminating “knowledge” from mere “opinionings”; and “protecting” teachers from noise. Using ethnographic data from a Danish school, the article explores, first, the script and agencement of the SMTTE and, second, how the screening properties of the SMTTE are achieved, including how these properties challenge management-teacher relations when the SMTTE travels to other networks at the school. The SMTTE does not form a seamless part of the school. Rather, its screening properties constitute their own trajectory, which interferes with other matters of concern at the school.
Monitor Screens of Market Risks
Authors: Silvast Antti
Published: February 2023

Electricity control rooms are the subject of many recent organizational studies. These studies have brought together the topics of technological risks and reliability with ethnographic methodologies and the broader themes in public policy and management. With a few exceptions, however, the technological artifacts of electricity control room work have received little systematic attention. This article tries to address this gap by discussing a technology that is pervasive in control room settings: the computer monitor. The research question asks what the effects of these devices are in electricity control room settings and especially in relation to the management of market risks in electricity supply. The article draws upon ethnographic research of an electricity control room in Finland. Motivated by sociological research on market devices, attention is paid to the ‘screened’ relationships between control room practices and the Nordic market of electrical energy. The analysis illustrates how market place bidding on monitors can discipline control room work and extend the capabilities that the control room workers have for calculating uncertainties and risk. However, while the screened market place on the monitors enacts a comprehensive global “economic world”, the analysis also shows how the screened market prices and energy quantities are always shaped by local work practices. One example of this concerns the weather. The local weather impacts energy generation and consumption levels directly. Hence while calculating energy market bids the control room workers need to ‘screen’ upcoming weather and stay alert to weather fluctuations. Emphasis on local practice is also relevant as it highlights a salient aspect of control room monitors: the monitors’ relation with working habits. Monitors, interacted with continuously in the control room, can become part of a working habit and appear to be mastered without that much constant reflection. The article concludes by relating its findings to debates on risks and markets. It claims that ethnographic knowledge from sites such as energy market control rooms adds to the understanding of market risks as it introduces a relevant and original aspect: management of uncertainties that works through real-time engagement with technological artifacts. In the case of the control room practice, market risks are not so much managed or ‘perceived’ by controllers alone. Rather they are dealt with through an assemblage of people, habits, numbers and monitors continuously working together to produce a reliable infrastructure service in ever-changing situations.
Different generalizations of the elderly in design of welfare technology
Authors: Ertner Marie
Published: February 2023

This article explores problems of representing the elderly in a User Driven Innovation (UDI) project developing welfare technology. Drawing on Helen Verran’s concept of the dual logics of generalization I attend to differences in enactments of the elderly. I engage with situations where the objects we study do not seem to ‘fit’ with the categories available or when they seem ‘more than one, but less than many’, and I relate these issues to two different logics of generalization.  

The contribution of the paper to design studies, and designers who experience difficulties inscribing the elderly into design, is that it shows how Science and Technology Studies (STS) can be useful in order to better recognize differences between different enactments of an imagined user, in this case the elderly.

The contribution of the paper to STS is a discussion of how I as an STS-informed ethnographer was invited to participate in a user driven innovation project. Based on my reflections on this role, the paper reflects on the ethnographic account as a tool with particular qualities and limitations when inhabiting a position as mediator between users and an innovation project.
Le groupe de counseling de carrière pour la prévention de l’anxiété en situation de choix de carrière : un soutien aux parcours d’apprentissage des élèves ?
Authors: Dupuis Audrey , Saussez Frédéric
Published: February 2023

Une intervention en counseling de carrière groupal a été développée à partir de la psychologie historique du développement culturel pour prévenir l’anxiété en situation de choix de carrière lors de la transition de la fin des études secondaires. L’objectif de l’article est d’explorer la possibilité que cette intervention représente un soutien aux parcours d’apprentissage et au développement de nouvelles capacités à agir pour les élèves. Les résultats présentent l’activité de transmission et d’acquisition des instruments transmis et les processus de développement de trois participantes. La discussion met en dialogue la psychologie historique du développement culturel et l’approche des parcours de vie, afin de déterminer de quelle façon ce dialogue peut permettre d’éclairer leurs zones d’ombres respectives.
« So many different types of sexual assault ». Violences sexuelles et consentement dans les séries télévisées1
Authors: Parent Anne Martine
Published: February 2023

L’article porte sur la représentation des violences sexuelles et du consentement dans les séries télévisées contemporaines. Il présente d’abord une brève explication de la culture du viol pour ensuite montrer comment la série britannique I May Destroy You dénonce cette culture. L’article aborde ensuite l’opposition entre male gaze et female gaze en prenant comme exemple la série américaine Grand Army. Si le female gaze s’inscrit parfois dans le motif du Rape and Revenge présent au cinéma dans un film comme Thelma & Louise, on retrouve également ce motif dans certaines séries télévisées. C’est ce que l’article examine à partir de la série britannique Sex Education. Enfin, l’article propose de lire ce motif de la vengeance à l’aune de la notion de snap féministe, telle que théorisée par Sara Ahmed.
Molecular characterization of the intact mouse muscle spindle using a multi-omics approach
Authors: Bornstein Bavat , Heinemann-Yerushalmi Lia , Krief Sharon , Adler Ruth , Dassa Bareket , Leshkowitz Dena , Kim Minchul , Bewick Guy , Banks Robert W , Zelzer Elazar
Published: February 2023

The proprioceptive system is essential for the control of coordinated movement, posture, and skeletal integrity. The sense of proprioception is produced in the brain using peripheral sensory input from receptors such as the muscle spindle, which detects changes in the length of skeletal muscles. Despite its importance, the molecular composition of the muscle spindle is largely unknown. In this study, we generated comprehensive transcriptomic and proteomic datasets of the entire muscle spindle isolated from the murine deep masseter muscle. We then associated differentially expressed genes with the various tissues composing the spindle using bioinformatic analysis. Immunostaining verified these predictions, thus establishing new markers for the different spindle tissues. Utilizing these markers, we identified the differentiation stages the spindle capsule cells undergo during development. Together, these findings provide comprehensive molecular characterization of the intact spindle as well as new tools to study its development and function in health and disease.
Efficacy and safety of endocrine therapy after mastectomy in patients with hormone receptor positive breast ductal carcinoma in situ: Retrospective cohort study
Authors: Niu Nan , Zhang Yinan , Bai Yang , Wang Xin , Yan Shunchao , Song Dong , Xu Hong , Liu Tong , Hua Bin , Zhang Yingchao , Liu Jinchi , Qiao Xinbo , Liu Jiaxiang , Zheng Xinyu , Cao Hongyi , Liu Caigang
Published: February 2023

Background:

More than half of Chinese patients with hormone receptor positive (HR+) ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) are treated with mastectomy, and usually subjected to postoperative endocrine therapy (ET). Given that long-term ET can cause severe adverse effects it is important to determine the beneficial effect and safety of post-mastectomy ET on the disease-free survival (DFS) and adverse events in patients with HR+ DCIS.

Methods:

To explore beneficial effect and safety of post-mastectomy ET in patients with HR+ DCIS, we performed a multicenter, population-based study. This retrospective study analyzed the DFS and adverse events in 1037 HR+ DCIS Chinese patients with or without post-mastectomy ET from eight breast centers between 2006 and 2016. The median follow-up time period was 86 months.

Results:

There were 791 DCIS patients receiving ET (ET group). Those patients were followed up for a median of 86 months (range, 60–177 months). There were 23 cases with tumor recurrence or distant metastasis. There were similar 5-year DFS rates and DFS between the ET and non-ET groups, even for those with high-risk factors. Conversely, 37.04% of patients suffered from adverse events after ET, which were significantly higher than those in the non-ET group.

Conclusions:

ET after mastectomy did not benefit patients with HR+ DCIS for their DFS, rather increased adverse events in those patients. Therefore, ET after mastectomy may not be recommended for patients with HR+ DCIS, even for those with high-risk factors, such as multifocal, microinvasive, and higher T stage.

Funding:

This study was supported by grants from Outstanding Scientific Fund of Shengjing Hospital (201803) and Outstanding Young Scholars of Liaoning Province (2019-YQ-10).
Microglial motility is modulated by neuronal activity and correlates with dendritic spine plasticity in the hippocampus of awake mice
Authors: Nebeling Felix Christopher , Poll Stefanie , Justus Lena Christine , Steffen Julia , Keppler Kevin , Mittag Manuel , Fuhrmann Martin
Published: February 2023

Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, play a complex role in health and disease. They actively survey the brain parenchyma by physically interacting with other cells and structurally shaping the brain. Yet, the mechanisms underlying microglial motility and significance for synapse stability, especially in the hippocampus during adulthood, remain widely unresolved. Here, we investigated the effect of neuronal activity on microglial motility and the implications for the formation and survival of dendritic spines on hippocampal CA1 neurons in vivo. We used repetitive two-photon in vivo imaging in the hippocampus of awake and anesthetized mice to simultaneously study the motility of microglia and their interaction with dendritic spines. We found that CA3 to CA1 input is sufficient to modulate microglial process motility. Simultaneously, more dendritic spines emerged in mice after awake compared to anesthetized imaging. Interestingly, the rate of microglial contacts with individual dendritic spines and dendrites was associated with the stability, removal, and emergence of dendritic spines. These results suggest that microglia might sense neuronal activity via neurotransmitter release and actively participate in synaptic rewiring of the hippocampal neural network during adulthood. Further, this study has profound relevance for hippocampal learning and memory processes.
Evaluation of Effectiveness of Contrast Bath vs Knee Pad Device on Pain, Range of Motion and Functional Disability in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients: A Research Protocol
Authors: Sunil Pranali , . Fokmare , Phansopkar Pratik
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Osteoarthritis of knee is one of the most enfeebling conditions that causes pain and functional impairment that adversely affects life quality. Contrast bath therapy causes alternate vasodilatation and vasoconstriction when limb is dipped in warm and cold water, respectively. Knee pad device gives vibrations and heating therapy by infrared light and ice pack is used to give cryotherapy. Here otago exercise program is use to strengthen lower limbs and balance training along with walking protocol. Need of study: One of the most frequent joint ailments in the adult population is osteoarthritis because of which there is a notable limitation of mobility. In grade 1 and 2 osteoarthritis people experience pain and stiffness in knee joint. Many studies have been done using traditional immersion contrast bath technique for reducing pain. But it is difficult to find research on contrast therapy using a device. Aim: To compare the effect of contrast bath therapy and knee pad device on pain, range of motion and functional disability in grade 1 and 2 knee osteoarthritis. Materials and Methods: This study will be a randomised clinical trial and will be conducted in the Outpatient Department, AVBRH and Ravi Nair physiotherapy college, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra, India. This study has been approved from Institutional Ethical Committee of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, (DU). Duration of this study will be for a period of one year fromJanuary 2022 to January 2023. Sixty participants with grade 1 or 2 osteoarthritis of knee will be included in the study and randomly divided in two groups with 30 in each. Group A will be given contrast bath therapy and group B will be given treatment with knee pad device and otago exercise program given in both groups. Treatment will be given for two weeks with three sessions per week. Pre and posttreatment pain, range of motion and functional disability will be noted and statistical analysis will be done. Conclusion: The study results are expected to prove knee pad device is more effective than contrast bath therapy. So that it can be easy method for pain relief than the latter in knee osteoarthritis.
Demographic Evaluation of Pili Farmers and Their Production Capacity in Bicol Region, Philippines
Authors: B. Lirag Ma. Teresa , R. Foronda Vladimir , O. Ativo Aries , Estrella Marissa N.
Published: February 2023

Philippines is known for the vast plantation and seat of one of the most valued crops, the Pili nut. A study was conducted to determine the demographics of 192 Pili farmers and their production capacity from selected provinces of Bicol region, Philippines. Purposive sampling technique was used in selecting the respondents with structured interview, focused group discussion and key informant survey conducted to gather data. Results of the study showed that demographic parameters such as gender, age, educational attainment, income and family structure are important and necessary information in order to understand the production capacity of Pili farmers. Pili production is generally profitable with high financial return of 127% to farmers. Farm areas in the region are sufficient where farmers can grow Pili to satisfy the local and global demand for this high-value crop. The financial stability and income of Pili key players can be increased given the proper attention and investment in production processes. The valuable support and assistance of the government especially local government units is crucial to ensure the optimistic future for the Pili industry. Likewise, it is imperative to address all the critical needs of farmers not only in the production process but in the various links along the supply chain as well in order to raise the overall sector revenue and household income of Pili farmers. In doing so, the country is assured of a more dynamic, sustainable and competitive Pili industry.
Incidence and Intensity of Early Blight in Potato under Different Dates of Planting
Authors: Meena A. , Mohapatra A. K. B. , Parhi C. , Nanda A. , Priyadarshi D. , Meena D. , Biswal G. , Mishra A. , Ranjan Mohanty Tushar
Published: February 2023

Aim: The study aims to the progression of the early blight of potato in relation to weather parameters such as maximum temperature, minimum temperature, maximum relative humidity, minimum relative humidity, and rainfall.

Place and Duration of Study: Epidemiological investigation was conducted during rabi season of 2021-22 at the research field of the All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on potato, OUAT, Bhubaneswar.

Methodology: The trial was laid out in Split Plot Design with different dates of planting (26 November and 16 December), as the main plots and four varieties (Kufri Pukhraj, Kufri Khyati, Kufri Surya, and Kufri Jyoti) as the subplots.

Results: The initial infection of early blight occurred during 52 Standard Meteorological Week (SMW). The highest percentage of disease intensity and incidence occurred in the variety Kufri Pukhraj followed by Kufri Khyati, Kufri Jyoti and Kufri Surya under 26 November planting.

Conclusion: Minimum and maximum temperatures and minimum relative humidity had a significantly positive correlation with the incidence and intensity of early blight. Stepwise multiple linear regression equations revealed that maximum temperature, maximum and minimum relative humidity, and rainfall was responsible for early blight in potatoes.
Thermosensitive Liposomal Drug Delivery Systems: A Review
Authors: Lohe Sachin , Umekar Milind
Published: February 2023

When combined with local hyperthermia or high intensity focused ultrasound, thermosensitive liposomes are a promising technique for externally directing medications to solid tumours. To selectively focus drug delivery to diseased or damaged tissue while reducing drug distribution to vital normal tissues is the main goal of liposomal drug delivery. An overview of temperature-sensitive liposomes is provided in this review. The ability to heat tumours with external energy sources in a controlled and predictable manner makes temperature-sensitive liposomes an especially alluring alternative. The lipids used to make conventional thermosensitive liposomes experience a gel-to-liquid phase shift many degrees above physiological temperature. Lysolipids and artificial temperature-sensitive polymers have recently been used to show how liposomes can be made to be sensitive to temperature. Thermosensitive liposomes (TSL) and localized hyperthermia are potent delivery vehicles for tumor-specific drugs. In addition to chemotherapy, hyperthermia is given to cancer patients to help certain chemotherapeutic medications work more effectively. Using temperature-sensitive liposomes in conjunction with localized hyperthermia, which specifically releases the medicine contained in the heated tumor tissue, can significantly increase the temperature-dependent effect.
Target Tracking based on Kernelized Correlation Filter Using MWIR and SWIR Sensors
Authors: Sun Sungu , Lee Yuri , Seo Daekyo
Published: February 2023

When tracking small UAVs and drone targets in cloud clutter environments, MWIR sensors are often unable to track targets continuously. To overcome this problem, the SWIR sensor is mounted on the same gimbal. Target tracking uses sensor information fusion or selectively applies information from each sensor. In this case, parallax correction using the target distance is often used. However, it is difficult to apply the existing method to small UAVs and drone targets because the laser rangefinder's beam divergence angle is small, making it difficult to measure the distance. We propose a tracking method which needs not parallax correction of sensors. In the method, images from MWIR and SWIR sensors are captured simultaneously and a tracking error for gimbal driving is chosen by effectiveness measure. In order to prove the method, tracking performance was demonstrated for UAVs and drone targets in the real sky background using MWIR and SWIR image sensors.
Development of VHF-Band Conformal Antenna for UAV Mounting
Authors: Jung Euntae , Lee Juhyun , Park Jinwoo , Yu Byunggil , Kim Kichul , Jung Jaesoo
Published: February 2023

In this paper, a VHF band conformal antenna for UAV mounting was developed. The proposed antenna was designed as an shape-adaptive structure by minimizing the antenna height to be advantageous in RCS reduction performance. As for the antenna radiator, the outer radiator was arranged around the inner radiator to apply the CRLH zeroth-order resonance structure. With this structure, the height of the antenna was minimized, and it was reduced by about 70 % compared to the existing blade antenna. In addition, for impedance matching, the intermediate frequency bandwidth of the VHF band was improved through the sleeve pin of the inner radiator, and the low frequency bandwidth of the VHF band was improved by applying an EMI shielding gasket to the shorting pin of the outer radiator. The proposed antenna was manufactured and measured to verify the performance of the device and the performance after UAV mounting. As a result, the standard was satisfied for the operating frequency.
Association of Flavor Perception With Blue vs Purple Cigar Packaging Among US Adults
Authors: Delnevo Cristine D. , Ganz Ollie
Published: February 2023

This survey study examines the association of cigar flavor perception with blue vs purple packaging among US adults.
Glioblastoma and cerebral organoids: development and analysis of an in vitro model for glioblastoma migration
Authors: Fedorova Veronika , Pospisilova Veronika , Vanova Tereza , Amruz Cerna Katerina , Abaffy Pavel , Sedmik Jiri , Raska Jan , Vochyanova Simona , Matusova Zuzana , Houserova Jana , Valihrach Lukas , Hodny Zdenek , Bohaciakova Dasa
Published: February 2023

It is currently challenging to adequately model the growth and migration of glioblastoma using two‐dimensional (2D) in vitro culture systems as they quickly lose the original, patient‐specific identity and heterogeneity. However, with the advent of three‐dimensional (3D) cell cultures and human‐induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)‐derived cerebral organoids (COs), studies demonstrate that the glioblastoma‐CO (GLICO) coculture model helps to preserve the phenotype of the patient‐specific tissue. Here, we aimed to set up such a model using mature COs and develop a pipeline for subsequent analysis of cocultured glioblastoma. Our data demonstrate that the growth and migration of the glioblastoma cell line within the mature COs are significantly increased in the presence of extracellular matrix proteins, shortening the time needed for glioblastoma to initiate migration. We also describe in detail the method for the visualization and quantification of these migrating cells within the GLICO model. Lastly, we show that this coculture model (and the human brain‐like microenvironment) can significantly transform the gene expression profile of the established U87 glioblastoma cell line into proneural and classical glioblastoma cell types.
Material–Structure–Function Integrated Additive Manufacturing of Degradable Metallic Bone Implants for Load‐Bearing Applications
Authors: Zhao Danlei , Yu Keda , Sun Tingfang , Jing Xirui , Wan Yizhou , Chen Kaifang , Gao Hairui , Wang Yifan , Chen Lili , Guo Xiaodong , Wei Qingsong
Published: February 2023

The integration of bio‐adaptable performance, elaborate structure, and biological functionality for degradable bone implants is crucial in harnessing the body's regenerative potential to remold load‐bearing bone defects. Herein, material–structure–function integrated additive manufacturing (MSFI‐AM) is deployed to innovate novel zinc‐based bone implants, namely Zn–Mg–Cu alloy. In situ alloying of AM and boundary engineering strategy yield prominent mechanical properties, and the degradation products enable a mechanical self‐strengthened effect, thus coordinating mechanical degeneration and promoting mechanical adaptability. In addition, MSFI‐oriented Zn alloy implants successfully manifest in situ multifunctions of augmenting osteogenesis, immunoregulation, angiogenesis, and anti‐infective activity in vitro and expediting bone ingrowth and regeneration in vivo through the sustained release of divalent metal cations and triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structure construction. Overall, MSFI‐AMed Zn alloy implants signify promising clinical translation prospects for load‐bearing applications, and an integrated approach is proposed to endow degradable bone implants with boosted bio‐adaptable performance and in situ bio‐multifunctions.
Antibacterial Collagen‐Based Nanocomposite Dressings for Promoting Infected Wound Healing
Authors: Liao Weidong , Yang Die , Xu Zhilang , Zhao Lei , Mu Changdao , Li Defu , Ge Liming
Published: February 2023

Pathogenic bacterial infection is the most frequent wound complication, which has become a major clinical and healthcare challenge in wound management worldwide, leading to impaired healing processes, the risk of amputation, and even death. Here, collagen‐based nanocomposite dressings (APZC) with broad‐spectrum antibacterial activity are developed to promote the infected full‐thickness wound healing. Short rod‐like shaped ZnO NPs are synthesized and then coated with polydopamine (PDA) to obtain PDA coated ZnO NPs (PDA@ZnO NPs). Afterward, PDA@ZnO NPs are conjugated on the backbone of a collagen chain, and the obtained collagen‐PDA@ZnO NPs conjugate is crosslinked by dialdehyde sodium alginate to fabricate APZC dressings. PDA@ZnO NPs show well dispersibility and are uniformly incorporated into the collagen matrix. APZC dressings have interconnected microporous structure and great physicochemical properties, besides good blood coagulation performance and well cytocompatibility. APZC dressings demonstrate long‐lasting and excellently broad‐spectrum antimicrobial activity, which can relieve the inflammatory reaction by killing pathogenic bacteria and induce the generation of blood vessels and the orderly deposition of collagen in the wound site, thus promoting infected full‐thickness wound healing without obvious scar formation. Overall, the functionalized collagen‐based nanocomposite dressings have great potential in the clinical treatment against bacteria‐associated wound infection.
Highly Efficient and Stable FA‐Based Quasi‐2D Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Solar Cells by the Incorporation of β‐Fluorophenylethanamine Cations
Authors: Zhang Yunxin , Chen Mingqian , He Tengfei , Chen Hongbin , Zhang Zhe , Wang Hebin , Lu Haolin , Ling Qin , Hu Ziyang , Liu Yongsheng , Chen Yongsheng , Long Guankui
Published: February 2023

2D Ruddlesden–Popper (2D RP) perovskite, with attractive environmental and structural stability, has shown great application in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the relatively inferior photovoltaic efficiencies of 2D PSCs limit their further application. To address this issue, β‐​fluorophenylethanamine (β‐​FPEA) as a novel spacer cation is designed and employed to develop stable and efficient quasi‐2D RP PSCs. The strong dipole moment of the β‐​FPEA enhances the interactions between the cations and [PbI6]4− octahedra, thus improving the charge dissociation of quasi‐2D RP perovskite. Additionally, the introduction of the β‐​FPEA cation optimizes the energy level alignment, improves the crystallinity, stabilizes both the mixed phase and a‐FAPbI3 phase of the quasi‐2D RP perovskite film, prolongs the carrier diffusion length, increases the carrier lifetime and decreases the trap density. By incorporating the β‐​FPEA, the quasi‐2D RP PSCs exhibit a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.77% (vs phenylethylammonium (PEA)‐based quasi‐2D RP PSCs of 12.81%) on PEDOT:PSS substrate and achieve a champion PCE of 19.11% on the PTAA substrate. It is worth noting that the unencapsulated β‐​FPEA‐based quasi‐2D RP PSCs exhibit considerably improved thermal and moisture stability. These findings provide an effective strategy for developing novel spacer cations for high‐performance 2D RP PSCs.
Cathode Electrolyte Interphase (CEI) Endows Mo6S8 with Fast Interfacial Magnesium‐Ion Transfer Kinetics
Authors: Wang Dingming , Du Xiaofan , Chen Guansheng , Song Fuchen , Du Jiahao , Zhao Jingwen , Ma Yinglei , Wang Jia , Du Aobing , Cui Zili , Zhou Xinhong , Cui Guanglei
Published: February 2023

Magnesium (Mg) metal secondary batteries have attracted much attention for their high safety and high energy density characteristics. However, the significant issues of the cathode/electrolyte interphase (CEI) in Mg batteries are still being ignored. In this work, a significant CEI layer on the typical Mo6S8 cathode surface has been unprecedentedly constructed through the oxidation of the chloride‐free magnesium tetrakis(hexafluoroisopropyloxy)borate (Mg[B(hfip)4]2) salt under a proper charge cut‐off voltage condition. The CEI has been identified to contain BxOy effective species originating from the oxidation of [B(hfip)4]− anion. It is confirmed that the BxOy species is beneficial to the desolvation of solvated Mg2+, speeding up the interfacial Mg2+ transfer kinetics, thereby improving the Mg2+‐storage capability of Mo6S8 host. The firstly reported CEI in Mg batteries will give deeper insights into the interface issues in multivalent electrochemical systems.
Exfoliated 2D Layered and Nonlayered Metal Phosphorous Trichalcogenides Nanosheets as Promising Electrocatalysts for CO2 Reduction
Authors: Wang Honglei , Jiao Yunfei , Wu Bing , Wang Dong , Hu Yueqi , Liang Fei , Shen Chen , Knauer Andrea , Ren Dan , Wang Hongguang , van Aken Peter A. , Zhang Hongbin , Sofer Zdenek , Grätzel Michael , Schaaf Peter
Published: February 2023

Two‐dimensional (2D) materials catalysts provide an atomic‐scale view on a fascinating arena for understanding the mechanism of electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction (CO2 ECR). Here, we successfully exfoliated both layered and nonlayered ultra‐thin metal phosphorous trichalcogenides (MPCh3) nanosheets via wet grinding exfoliation (WGE), and systematically investigated the mechanism of MPCh3 as catalysts for CO2 ECR. Unlike the layered CoPS3 and NiPS3 nanosheets, the active Sn atoms tend to be exposed on the surfaces of nonlayered SnPS3 nanosheets. Correspondingly, the nonlayered SnPS3 nanosheets exhibit clearly improved catalytic activity, showing formic acid selectivity up to 31.6 % with −7.51 mA cm−2 at −0.65 V vs. RHE. The enhanced catalytic performance can be attributed to the formation of HCOO* via the first proton‐electron pair addition on the SnPS3 surface. These results provide a new avenue to understand the novel CO2 ECR mechanism of Sn‐based and MPCh3‐based catalysts.
Dinitrogen Activation and Addition to Unsaturated C−E (E=C, N, O, S) Bonds Mediated by Transition Metal Complexes
Authors: Zhuo Qingde , Zhou Xiaoxi , Shima Takanori , Hou Zhaomin
Published: February 2023

Dinitrogen (N2) activation and functionalization is of fundamental interest and practical importance. This review focuses on N2 activation and addition to unsaturated substrates, including carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, heteroallenes, aldehydes, ketones, acid halides, nitriles, alkynes, and allenes, mediated by transition metal complexes, which afforded a variety of N−C bond formation products. Emphases are placed on the reaction modes and mechanisms. We hope that this work would stimulate further explorations in this challenging field.
Ion Co‐storage in Porous Organic Frameworks through On‐site Coulomb Interactions for High Energy and Power Density Batteries
Authors: Sun Wenlu , Zhou Congjia , Fan Yingzhu , He Yulu , Zhang Hui , Quan Zhilong , Kong Huabin , Fu Fang , Qin Jiaqian , Shen Yanbin , Chen Hongwei
Published: February 2023

Fast and continuous ion insertion is blocked in the common electrodes operating with widely accepted single‐ion storage mechanism, primarily due to Coulomb repulsion between the same ions. It results in an irreconcilable conflict between capacity and rate performance. Herein, we designed a porous organic framework with novel multiple‐ion co‐storage modes, including PF6−/Li+, OTF−/Mg2+, and OTF−/Zn2+ co‐storage. The Coulomb interactions between cationic and anionic carriers in the framework can significantly promote electrode kinetics, by rejuvenating fast ion carrier migration toward framework interior. Consequently, the framework via PF6−/Li+ co‐storage mode shows a high energy density of 878 Wh kg−1 cycled more than 20 000 cycles, with an excellent power density of 28 kW kg−1 that is already comparable to commercial supercapacitors. The both greatly improved energy and power densities via the co‐storage mode may pave a way for exploring new electrodes that are not available from common single‐ion electrodes.
Study on MoS2/Fe‐MIL‐88NH2 Transition metal dichalcogenide/Metal‐organic framework as a novel composite for highly adsorption of methylene blue dye from aqueous solutions
Authors: Karami Kazem , Noori Fatemeh , Bayat Parvaneh , Javadian Salman
Published: February 2023

The present study proposes a unique MoS2/Fe‐MIL‐88NH2 composite as an adsorbent for methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions for the first time. Different physicochemical techniques are utilized to characterize (metal–organic framework [MOF]/transition metal dichalcogenide [TMD]), including elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), zeta potential (ζ) measurement, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) theory. The effects of different process factors on MB dye adsorption by composite are examined, including initial dye concentration, adsorbent loading, solution pH, temperature, and dye mixture. Various process parameters encompassing the initial dye concentration, adsorbent loading, solution pH, temperature, and mixture of dyes are investigated, and the equilibrium adsorption capacity towards MB is found up to 370 mg g−1 (when pH = 4.0, contact time is 90 min, and the adsorbent dose is 0.0068 mmol g−1). Experimental results reveal that the adsorption process is highly dependent on adsorbent dosage, initial MB concentration, and aqueous solution temperature. Equilibrium data are fitted onto Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich models expressing the MB adsorption phenomena. Moreover, the isotherm data fit Freundlich mathematical models with maximum dye adsorption of 370 mg g−1. Sorption kinetics follows a pseudo‐second‐order model.
A review on losses and transformation mechanisms of common antioxidants
Authors: Li Jun , Zhang Shuning , Kuang Yongyan , Bi Yanlan , Wang Hongyan
Published: February 2023

Antioxidants are considered to be one of the most effective ways to prevent and delay the rancidity of oils and fats, thus play an important role in the processing, packaging, and storage of oils, fats, and oleaginous foods. However, the losses of antioxidants inevitably occur while preventing the rancidity of oils and fats. In this work, the loss pathways and mechanisms of synthetic and natural antioxidants commonly used in oils, fats, and oleaginous foods systems during storage, use, and detection are critically reviewed. The discussion regarding the transformation of antioxidants or antioxidant models in various organic solvent systems is also covered as well as the fate, toxicities, and antioxidative activities of transformation products of antioxidants. At room temperature, antioxidants in oils and fats are mainly lost due to antioxidation with transformation products accumulated. Under thermal (heating and frying) condition, synthetic antioxidants are mainly lost due to volatilization, while natural antioxidants are mainly lost due to transformation. Under frying condition, adsorption also contributes to the losses of antioxidants. This review discusses some possible research directions regarding antioxidants applied in oils, fats and oleaginous foods, which is expected to benefit the use of antioxidants in food industry.
Suitable habitats of two coastal cetaceans along the northern Arabian Sea: Important marine mammal areas susceptible to conservation gaps
Authors: Kiani Muhammad Shoaib , Siddiqui Pirzada Jamal A. , Gore Mauvis A. , Huang Shiang‐Lin
Published: February 2023

Coastal cetaceans are often selected as a biodiversity surrogate in ecosystem‐based conservation planning. In the northern Arabian Sea there is insufficient information on suitable habitats for the Indo‐Pacific finless porpoise and Indian Ocean humpback dolphin for planning protection.

Suitable habitats for the Indo‐Pacific finless porpoise and Indian Ocean humpback dolphin were projected using the MaxEnt model in the present study. The variable contributions in MaxEnt exercises and characteristics of the major habitats were used to represent the ecological niches of these two cetaceans.

Along coastal waters of the northern Arabian Sea, bathymetry was the most significant variable that influenced the distribution of the Indian Ocean humpback dolphin, which prefers water 2–5 m deep. The Indo‐Pacific finless porpoise prefers 6–20 m deep water and its distribution was influenced by bathymetry, sea‐surface temperature and chlorophyll‐a concentration.

Suitable habitats identified by this study provide a baseline from which to evaluate the impact of anthropogenic activities in coastal and estuarine waters, assist marine development planning and guide marine protected area (MPA) designations. Effective MPA designation would include ca. 30% of major habitats to accommodate viable populations and sufficient biodiversity richness to maintain a functioning ecosystem. Data used in the present study may be subject to sampling heterogeneity and thus coastal waters not included as suitable habitats would require further investigation for possible omission bias.

Actions necessary for conservation of the Indo‐Pacific finless porpoise and Indian Ocean humpback dolphin include designating no‐take zones or MPAs, banning industrial fishing while restricting artisanal fishery activity and mobilizing community‐based conservation campaigns for major habitat protection. As such, further data on distribution, density and environmental variables related to cetaceans are needed to inform any conservation efforts.
A generalized reaching‐law‐based discrete‐time integral sliding‐mode controller with matched/mismatched disturbance attenuation
Authors: Guo Peng , Zhang Yang , Huang Weiwei , Huang Nuodi , Zhang Long , Zhu Limin
Published: February 2023

A generalized reaching‐law‐based (RL‐based) discrete‐time integral sliding‐mode controller, which is versatile for either matched or mismatched disturbances, is designed in this paper to obtain high output tracking accuracy and avoid tremendous control efforts. Specifically, a disturbance decomposition‐based discrete‐time integral sliding surface is designed, and a generalized discrete‐time reaching law is established. Different from the existing integral sliding surfaces, the proposed sliding surface synthesizes a disturbance‐related integral term that is defined based on disturbance decomposition; this is crucial to the disturbance attenuation. Moreover, different from the available discrete‐time reaching laws, the proposed reaching law introduces an adaptive exponential term into the control gains, and hence, the conventional RL‐based discrete‐time integral sliding‐mode control (DISMC) and the equivalent‐control‐based (EC‐based) DISMC can be integrated. Rigorous analysis shows that the closed‐loop system is stable, the control effort can be satisfactory, and the steady‐state output tracking accuracy is of order
for both matched and mismatched disturbances. The proposed method is proven effective through numerical simulations.
Systematic Quality Evaluation of Epimedium wushanense T. S. Ying Based on Two Quality Control Standards: Total Flavonoid Glycosides and Epimedin C
Authors: Wang Congying , Tian Shuyun , Tang Qin , Zhou Ziwei , Peng Xinheng , Cai Xiaoxue , Xu Yanqin
Published: February 2023

Two quality control standards, total flavonoid glycosides of Epimedii Folium and epimedin C of Epimedii Wushanensis Folium, were used to systematically evaluate the quality of Epimedium wushanense T. S. Ying, so as to provide reference for its germplasm screening and resource utilization. Seven representative populations of E. wushanense covering its main distribution areas were uniformly sampled during the flowering period. There were significant quality differences among the populations of E. wushanense. According to the quality standard of total flavonoid glycosides, all populations were superior to the quality standard of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia for Epimedii Folium, with more than 1.5 % total flavonoid glycosides. The variation ranges of epimedin A, epimedin B, epimedin C, icariin and total flavonoid glycosides were 0.40–0.76 %, 0.51–0.83 %, 1.70–9.31 %, 0.40–1.23 % and 3.05–10.61 %, respectively. According to the quality standard of epimedin C, all populations were better than the quality standard of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia for Epimedii Wushanensis Folium, with more than 1.0 % epimedin C. The variation range of epimedin C was 2.22–10.06 %. When comparing the results of the two methods, a trend of slightly lower mean values was found for total flavonoid glycosides, except for the HBXW population. The quality of E. wushanense was superior to both the quality standard of Epimedii Folium and Epimedii Wushanense Folium in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Epimedin C was the most abundant component. Among the investigated populations, HBXW and HBGK exhibited the highest quality, and may provide excellent genetic resources for standardized cultivation. In addition, the habitat of these populations can also serve a reference for cultivation conditions.
Early healing after treatment of coronary lesions by thin strut everolimus, or thicker strut biolimus eluting bioabsorbable polymer stents: The SORT‐OUT VIII OCT study
Authors: Andreasen Lene N. , Balleby Ida R. , Barkholt Trine Ø. , Hebsgaard Lasse , Terkelsen Christian J. , Holck Emil N. , Jensen Lisette O. , Maeng Michael , Dijkstra Jouke , Antonsen Lisbeth , Kristensen Steen D. , Tu Shengxian , Lassen Jens F. , Christiansen Evald H. , Holm Niels R.
Published: February 2023

Aims

Early healing after drug‐eluting stent (DES) implantation may reduce the risk of stent thrombosis. The aim of this study was to compare patterns of early healing after implantation of the thin strut everolimus‐eluting Synergy DES (Boston Scientific) or the biolimus‐eluting Biomatix Neoflex DES (Biosensors).

Methods and Results

A total of 160 patients with the chronic or acute coronary syndrome were randomized 1:1 to Synergy or Biomatrix DES. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed at baseline and at either 1‐ or 3‐month follow‐up. The primary endpoint was a coronary stent healing index (CSHI), a weighted index of strut coverage, neointimal hyperplasia, malapposition, and extrastent lumen. A total of 133 cases had OCT follow‐up and 119 qualified for matched OCT analysis. The median CSHI score did neither differ significantly between the groups at 1 month: Synergy 8.0 (interquartile range [IQR]: 3.0; 14.0) versus Biomatrix 8.5 (IQR: 4.0; 15.0) (p = 0.47) nor at 3 months: Synergy 6.5 (IQR: 2.0; 13.0) versus Biomatrix 6.0 (IQR: 4.0; 11.0) (p = 0.83). Strut coverage was 84.6% (IQR: 72.0; 97.9) for Synergy versus 77.6% (IQR: 70.1; 90.3) for Biomatrix (p = 0.15) at 1 month and 90.3% (IQR 79.0; 98.8) (Synergy) versus 83.9% (IQR: 77.5; 92.6) (Biomatrix) (p = 0.068) at 3 months. Pooled 1‐ and 3‐month coverage was 88.6% (IQR: 74.4; 98.4) for Synergy compared with 80.7% (IQR: 73.2; 90.8) for Biomatrix (p = 0.02).

Conclusions

The early healing response after treatment with the Synergy or Biomatrix DES did not differ significantly as determined by a healing index. The Synergy DES showed overall better early stent strut coverage.