bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Simulation of Hot Rolled Coil Temperature Field in Hot Coil Box
Authors: Zhang Gui Jie , Li Kang , Wang Ying Zi
Published: September 2011

The heat transfer model was developed and the heat transfer of the strip coil stay in the hot coil box was analyzed. The temperature distribution of the strip coil was investigated use the model. The measured results are in good agreement with the calculated ones, has a guiding significance to further improve the technology.
Effect of Rolling Speed on Instantaneous Temperature Distribution and Thermal Expansion of Work Roll in Hot Strip Rolling
Authors: Zhang Gui Jie , Wang Ying Zi , Li Kang
Published: September 2011

In the unsteady state, work roll temperature distribution and thermal expansion have an enormous effect on the process of hot rolling. The rolling speed in the finish rolling as an important rolling parameter plays a crucial role of obtaining the optimum temperature distribution and thermal expansion. Using the finite element method, it solves the regularity of temperature distribution and thermal expansion with thermal-structural coupling analysis, which provide theoretic proof of optimizing gauge and profile control.
The Influence of Nozzle Size and Nozzle Distance on Thickness of Wall-Wetted Oil Film
Authors: Pang Chang Jian , Chen Jian Wen , Yang Xiao Ming , Zhao Yu Long , Li Lei
Published: September 2011

In order to study the influence of constricting nozzles with different sizes and different distances on the formation of wall-wetted oil film，we measured the thicknesses of wall-wetted oil film under the conditions of different nozzle sizes and different nozzle distances by method of weighing. It is shown in the experiment that the relation between thickness of oil film and nozzle size, nozzle distance is not linear .However, in certain range, the larger the nozzle size, the more effectively the wall-wetted oil film forms and the thicker the thickness of oil film. The further the nozzle distance, the larger the area of the oil film and the thinner the thickness of wall-wetted oil film [1,2].
Design of a Novel Damping-Controllable Damper for Suspension Systems
Authors: Shiao Yao Jung , Huang Yao Kuan
Published: September 2011

Conventional oil dampers are non-controllable passive dampers because the viscosity of the fluid used is not wide-range variable. By using magneto-rheological fluid (MRF), MRF damper has excellent performance for variable-damping applications. Due to the single-coil design in the general MRF damper, the obtained damping from MR effect is not quite large. This research provides a high-damping MRF damper by adopting multi-pole coil and special polarization configuration. The simulated results show that the new MRF damper has good performance in the magnetic field and damping. Compared with a similar-size general single-coil MRF damper, this new MRF damper can get 47% higher performance under the same operating conditions.
The Research and Application about Deming Circle Technology Based on Information-Driven Complex Production Processes
Authors: Gu Huan
Published: September 2011

This document explains and demonstrates how to use advanced control, communication, database and software technologies, for the complex multi-parameter process of the flexible packaging gravure production lines, which is based on the database of equipment operation and job management, through the establishment of a reasonable Multi-dimensional dataset and using the OLAP technology, to achieve the information-driven Deming Circle that is used to achieve the process optimization and efficiency promotion which is the theme for the quality and efficiency. A practical technical solution is opened up which breaks through the bottleneck of human management module that takes the captain as the core, and it has certain significance for the optimization control about various types of multi-factor complex production process to refer.
Influence of Pulse Electrodeposition Parameters on Thickness of Boronized Layer by Orthogonal Test
Authors: Yang Hai Li , Tang Guo Zhang , Li Yun Gang , Shi Lan Lan , Zhang Yu Zhu
Published: September 2011

Boronized layer was prepared on carbon steel substrate by pulse electrodeposition in KCl-NaCl-NaF-Na2B4O7 molten salts. The orthogonal experimental design was used to study the influence of pulse electrodeposition parameters on the thickness of boronized layer. The distribution of boron content of the boronized layer was measured using the glow discharge spectrometry (GDS) and the depth from the surface to the inflection point was taken as the layer thickness. It was found that the order of significant factors for the thickness is electrodeposition temperature > electrodeposition time > current density > borax content > duty cycle. Based on the results of the range analysis, the maximum thickness was found at a current density of 120mA/cm2, a electrodeposition temperature of 900°C, a electrodeposition time of 120 min, a duty cycle of 10%, and a borax content of 0.04 mole ratio.
Application of BP Neural Network in Robot Soccer Competition System
Authors: Li Peng , Yang Jun
Published: September 2011

Strategy system of small-size RoboCup robot is a Multi-Agent System of coordination and control . In order to solve the delay problem of small-size RoboCup competition system, this paper applies BP Neural Network to the situation prediction of strategy system. A linear prediction model based on BP Neural Network is established and Neural Network topology is ascertained. Then trained network is applied to the existing competition system and the efficiency in position, coordination and cooperation capability are greatly improved. The experiments show that the method can predict position and direction of robot correctly, thus proving the feasibility and superiority of prediction algorithm in the system.
Macro Program Design of Variational Trapezoid Curve Disk Cam
Authors: Wang Guan Ming , Lu Zhi Xue , Huang Dan
Published: September 2011

Based on the design parameters of disc CAM with the oscillating roller follower and modified trapezoid curve follower motion, by introducing macro program cyclic variable, the mathematical calculation model of macro program about cutter path of disc CAM with the holonomic constraint oscillating roller follower is established. The macro program is designed to can be adjusted quickly, according to the design parameters and the process parameters. The numerical control program completely parametric design is realized. So it provides programming methods and strategies for numerical control machining macro program design of the oscillating roller follower disc CAM with a complicated movement law.
Improved Design of Universal Multi-Function Focusing Mirrors for Laser Heat Treatment
Authors: Xiu Yu Feng
Published: September 2011

The laser heat treatment is a processing method of heat treatment on the surface of the metal part with a higher power density laser beam, mainly including laser surface hardening , laser annealing , laser surface alloying(lsa) and laser surface coating, it is width applied to machinery manufacturing, equipment maintenance, mold manufacturing, etc. It has gradually been recognized and adopted because of its unique characteristics.In this paper, focusing mirrors for improved key-parts of the laser heat treatment equipment have been analyzed and introduced, and pointed out the problems which should be noticed in the improvement.
Design of Electronic Cam Based on FPGA
Authors: Wang Qi Jun , Lv Dong Liang , Fan Xiang Yu , Yao Jiang , Li Gang , Wen Xianng Yu , Pan Bo
Published: September 2011

It is well known that cam is one of essential parts in the industrial production line, and the design, processing, installment and maintenance of the cams is difficult. To realize the function of electronic cams, we use the FPGA processor and the servo electrical machinery system to substitute the original mechanical cam and many spare parts related. Application of the new system can simplify mechanism structure, enhance organization reliability, increase the control precision, promote cam flexibility and reduce processing cost.
Fault Forecast Technology of Machine Based on Grey Theory for Aero-Engine Product Line
Authors: Chen Bing , Yang Ting , Qi Jun De
Published: September 2011

Facing to the dynamic process of machine running, grey theory is introduced to increase the accuracy of forecast on machine fault. Firstly the mathematical model of the machine fault is constructed according to the life cycle of machine. Mean time between failures is defined as a tool to describe the fault on the machine. Moreover the fault is predicted respectively according to amount of data sample. And the produce to build the grey information model is given in this paper in detail. Finally an actual aero-engine casing production line is presented as an example to validate the algorithms in this paper. The results show that the fault forecast based on grey theory has high accuracy.
Large Deployable Networks Constructed by Interconnected Bricard Linkages
Authors: Ma Bing Yin , Huang Hai Lin
Published: September 2011

This paper deals with large deployable networks constructed by interconnected Bricard linkages. Three kinds of tilings, which correspond to three kinds of deployable networks, are employed as the auxiliary tools for the arrangement of the basic deployable Bricard units. Joint connections between deployable units are designed in a special way so that links of the deployable units are deployable/foldable and do not suffer from interference. The CAD models are built to show the feasibility of the deployable networks presented in this paper.
Application Research on Frequency Conversion Technology on the Pump Control in Chemical Works
Authors: Zhou Dan , Zeng Fu Hong
Published: September 2011

The present application and existing problems of pump in chemical works are introduced, then, pump’s controlling principle, especially which with frequency conversion technology, is mentioned. The energy-saving controlling of frequency conversion on pump is studied in detail based on the study of the starting, operation and redundancy configuration of pump. The result shows that energy can be saved on the starting, operation and redundancy configuration of pump with the frequency conversion technology. The energy-saving through frequency conversion controlling is related to actual running efficiency of pump and it has limitation. When pump’s running efficiency is high, the energy-saving result is unapparent. While pump’s running efficiency is low, the energy-saving result is outstanding.
User-Oriented Parametric Product Design and Study on Paper Props
Authors: Li Guo Zhi , Li Wen Feng , Ding Yi
Published: September 2011

Along with the low carbon environmental protection concepts’ widely spread, the market of derivative paper, such as corrugated props, is gradually causing the focus of the society. The method of system design and advanced tools mean that the use of paper props can be promoted. Combining the design experience of related fields, this paper focuses on standardized method in designing paper props and studying of parametric design based on the software of Box-Vellum.
Geometric Error Identification and Compensation for Rotation Axes of Five-Axis Machine Tools
Authors: Chu Wang Wei , Zhu Shao Wei , Peng Yu , Ding Guo Fu
Published: September 2011

In NC machining, the precision of the final parts is affected by many factors, including geometric deviation of machine tool components and structures, deformation of process system caused by cutting force and cutting heat, servo delay, tool wear and so on. Among which geometric error of machine tool is one of the most important factors. This study focused on geometric error identification and compensation of rotation axes of five-axis machine tools. A new method was proposed to identify the 6 geometric error parameters of each rotation axes of five-axis machine tools based on a ball-bar system. Regarding the machine tool as a rigid multi-body system (MBS), a geometric error model was established based on homogeneous transfer matrix (HTM). Finally, the geometric errors were compensated by correcting NC codes by the prototype software system developed in this study. An experiment and an application were conducted and the results show that the proposed method is effective to improve the machining accuracy.
A Home Multimedia Control Centers of Improved Design
Authors: Feng Wei Chang
Published: September 2011

E-Yuan multimedia system is developed for the rich audio and video resource on the Internet and on its server side, it can automatically search and integration of network video and audio resources, and send to the client side for the user in real-time broadcast TV viewing, full use of remote control operation, Simply it’s a very easy to use multimedia system. This article introduces its infrastructure, main technical ideas and you can also see some details about server side and client side. At the same time, the improvement on how to collect and integrate video resources is comprehensively elaborated.
Optimization of Structure and Calculation of Flow-Force on Poppet Valve under Converging Flow
Authors: Zheng Shu Juan , Quan Long
Published: September 2011

This paper optimizes the structure of the poppet valve based on the internal flow. The flow-force on poppet valve in the case of the converging flow is simulated and studied by CFD. Simulation results represent that the traditional formula for computing the flow-force can be used only in the certain range, so the formula is modified based on the simulation result.
The Application of Electrohydraulic Proportional Technology in Mill Loading System
Authors: Ji Xiao Bin , Qi Xue Yi , Song Tian Hong , Li Aai Jun , Zuo Gang Yong
Published: September 2011

The paper designs electrohydraulic proportional loading system which meets the adaptive requirements of variable loading for the system by analyzing the structure and the theory of mill loading system. After being reformed, the adaptive control ability to the changes of coal’s quality and quantity is improved which guarantees the fineness of coal, strengthens remote control ability, increases the degree of automation, the efficiency and the production of the system and saves energy.
Research and Development of High Temperature Electrothermal Materials
Authors: Zhang Ying Yi , Li Yun Gang , Zhang Kuai , Tian Ying
Published: September 2011

By summarizing the research and development status of electro-thermal materials, this thesis puts its focus on the types, preparation methods and applications of non-metallic high-temperature electrothermal materials, and the comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of such electric heating elements as SiC, ZrO2, LaCrO3and MoSi2. At last, the gap and the main problems existing between researches made on high temperature electrothermic materials at home and abroad are pointed out, as well as their prospected development trend.
Boundary Element Inverse Analysis by Using Particle Swarm Optimization for Reinforced Concrete Corrosion Identification
Authors: Fonna Syarizal , Ridha M. , Huzni Syifaul , Israr Israr , Ariffin Ahmad Kamal
Published: September 2011

Boundary element inverse analysis (BEIA) by using genetic algorithm (GA) to identify corrosion location has been introduced by many researchers. However, the BEIA using GA is more complex to be programmed since it involved with genetic operators such as crossover and mutation. Recently, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) already takes researcher’s attention because of its simplicity to be programmed and comparable accuracy. This study is conducted to develop BEIA by combining Boundary Element Method (BEM) and PSO to identify the corrosion location of the steels in concrete structure from some potential data on concrete surface. The potential in the concrete domain was modeled by Laplace’s equation. The anode and cathode are represented by each polarization curve. The inverse problem is carried out by means of minimizing a cost function i.e. a difference between the calculated and measured potentials on the concrete surface. The calculated values of potential are obtained by solving the Laplace’s equation using boundary element method (BEM). Numerical simulation results show that the developed BEIA has proven that it can identify the corrosion location on the surface of reinforcement steel precisely.
Finite Element Analysis of TA15 Titanium Alloy Beam Hammer Forging Forming at Different Temperatures
Authors: Tong Ying
Published: September 2011

The hammer forging forming process of TA15 titanium alloy girder is taken as an example on this study. When girder were formed at different original temperature as 850 °C、900 °Cand 950 °C, the needed hammering times and each hammer’s stroke and varieties of damage factor were researched respectively based on software Deform. By simulation analysis, the needed hammering times is 7 times, 5 times and 4 times in order, and the damage factor which dangerous place located at the right top fillet of girder reached the highest point at about 86mm stroke ,and the original temperature 950 °C gave the best answer. The results are significant theoretical foundation for the practical production and study of TA15 titanium alloy.
Effects of Finish-Rolling Reduction on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties for C-Si-Mn Hot Rolled Dual-Phase Steel
Authors: Sun Bin Bin , Jia Zhi Wei , Zhang Hong Mei
Published: September 2011

The experiments were carried out on the φ450 hot rolling mill at the State Key laboratory of Rolling and Automatic of Northeastern University. The effect of different finish-rolling reduction on the microstructure and mechanical properties of C-Si-Mn hot rolled dual-phase steel were studied. It is found that the grain size of the ferrite would be finer with the increasing of finish-rolling reduction. Through the controlling of the finish-rolling reduction, grain size of the ferrite can be finer, so the better properties can be obtained by fine grain and sub-grain strengthened. With the low volume of lath martensite, the elongation of sample is high, the yield-strength ratio is low, and complex properties are better.
Effect of Temperature on the Performance of AlTiC Metal Alloys
Authors: Wang Yong Feng , Li Rui
Published: September 2011

AlTiC master alloys have been prepared by Contact Reaction Method（CRM）.X-ray diffraction，SEM and EDS were used to analyse the AlTiC master alloys. It showed that morphology and distribution of TiC and Al3Ti particle have correspondingly changed with the transformation of temperature. As a result, the change in morphology and distribution of TiC and Al3Ti particle has considerably affected the gain refining performance of AlTiC master alloys. The result showed that it had excellent grain refining performance for commercially pure aluminum in 800°C.
Forest Biomass Estimation Based on Remote Sensing Method for North Daxingan Mountains
Authors: Zhang Yuan Yuan , Li Feng Ri , Liu Fu Xiang
Published: September 2011

Using the Landsat 5 TM images in 2002 as source data，the paper constructed individual tree biomass models of seven principal species based on the data from field surveying and fixed Plots in Tahe and Amur forest Region in Daxiangan Mountains. The remote sensing biomass model between TM images and data from forest fixed Plots was developed by the methods of multiple linear regression and BP neutral net. The result showed that R in multiple linear regression model was 0.764 and the model passed the F test, D-W test and multi-collinearity test. In the independent sample estimation，The neutral net model with the precision of 91.25% was significantly higher than multiple linear regression model with the precision of 81.02%. Although the“black-box”neutral net model could not give the concrete analytical equation, this kind of model with high precision might be applied to estimate the forest biomass in large level forest biomass.
Surface Electrical Resistances Properties of CNF/PC Nano-Composite Processing by Injection Molding
Authors: Qiu Jian Hui , Uchiya Kengo , Lin Lei , Wu Xue Li , Zhao Yang
Published: September 2011

In the present work, carbon nanofibers (CNF) were dispersed into polycarbonate (PP) with an injection molding machine. The effect of the injection conditions on the electrical resistance of carbon nanofiber/polycarbonate (CNF/PC) nanocomposites was investigated. It was found that the surface resistance decreased with the increase of injection speed and injection temperature. The surface electrical resistance was affected by the particle size and dispersion of CNF, the effect of depth on surface resistance of the composites was studied, the surface electrical resistance sharply increased from the material surface to the internal at first, after that, a decreased slowly was observed. The effect of surface roughness on surface electrical resistance was also studied, the composite with a low surface resistance was greatly influenced when surface roughness changed, while there was not a same phenomenon when the composites have a high surface resistance.
Influence of Solution Heat Treatment on Microstructures of Semisolid Cast 7075 Aluminium Alloy
Authors: Mahathaninwong Narissara , Wisutmethangoon Sirikul , Plookphol Thawatchai , Wannasin Jessada
Published: September 2011

Influence of temperature and time of solution heat treatment on the microstructures of rheo-casting 7075 aluminium alloy produced by a novel technique, the Gas Induced Semi Solid (GISS) technique, had been investigated in this study. The microstructure of the as-cast specimens mainly consisted of matrix-α (Al) and grain boundary (GB)-eutectic phase (α-Al + Mg(Zn,Cu,Al)2). After solution heat treatment at 480 °C for 1 h, MgZn2 phase at the grain boundary was observed to have dissolved and coarse black particles of Mg2Si were observed to form in the matrix. In comparison, when solutionizing temperature of 450 °C was applied, it took 4 h of solution treatment time in order to dissolve the same portion of GB phase and MgZn2 phase, and coarse black particles of Mg2Si were found to form in the 8 h solution treated sample.
Game Theoretical Research for Airlines Apply for Deicing Resources
Authors: Xing Zhi Wei , Li Jun Hui , Zhang Peng Cheng
Published: September 2011

This paper analyzed airlines’ game in the process of apply for deicing resources based on Game Theory. In this game, if a airline company cooperate with others, they will achieve more utility in the form of coalition. However, the coalition can’t be formed spontaneously, Sometimes airlines will adopt inefficient strategic behavior, and moreover, the block of coalition will come forth due to the inequity of gamers’ status. Therefore, a proper approach is proposed to the airline coalition, to make cooperation an optimal strategy. Finally, the best solution of income distribution is proposed to assure the distribution fair and efficiency, the results have verified base on the software Matlab.
Optimal Policies for Crude Oil Selection
Authors: Liu Guo Li , Zhao Jun , Wang Wei
Published: September 2011

In this paper, we investigate the crude oil selection problem derived from the production of a large typical oil refinery. A deterministic mixed integer programming model for making purchasing decisions in the refinery is proposed in which practical transportation requirements are considered. The objective is to select the varieties of crude oil and determine the purchasing, production and inventory quantities under complicated material-balance constraints and capacity constraints for minimizing the sum of purchasing, order, inventory and transportation costs. A numerical example indicates the extensive application of the presented model.
Study of Thermal Fusion Welding Technique and Welded Junctions Stress for GERPP Pipes
Authors: Sun Ying Shi , Zhang Xu
Published: September 2011

In order to solve the defects of air bubble, dislocation edge, no welding etc., the study is made on the pipe technique and welded junction stress, which provides a theoretical basis for related pipe projects.
Experimental Correlation between Metallurgical Parameters, Hardness and Machinability of 319 Al-Si-Cu-Mg Alloys
Authors: Tash Mahmoud M. , Alkahtani Saleh
Published: September 2011

An attempt has been made to quantify the effects of alloying elements and aging parameters on the hardness and machinability of heat-treated 319 alloys containing α-Fe or β-Fe intermetallics An understanding of these parameters would help in selecting the metallurgical conditions required to achieve the optimum and maximum productivity at high speed machining. Hardness measurements were carried out on specimens prepared from 319 alloys in the as-cast and heat-treated conditions, using different combinations of grain refining, Sr-modification, and alloying additions. Aging treatments were carried out at 155°C, 180°C, 200°C, and 220°C for 4 h, followed by air cooling, as well as at 180°C and 220°C for 2, 4, 6, and 8 h to determine conditions under which specific hardness levels could be obtained. Statistical design of experiments is a satisfactory method for quantifying the effect of various parameters. Experimental correlations of the results obtained from the hardness measurements are analyzed and correlations that relate the alloying additions and heat treatment to the hardness of such alloys are found. Two levels of magnesium content (%Mg), volume fractions of the Fe-intermetallics (%V.F), Sr-modification (Sr-ppm), aging parameters (temperature and time) were tested: 0.1% and 0.28% for Mg, 2% and 5% for Fe-intermetallics (%V.F), 0-ppm and 200-ppm for Sr-modification, 180°C and 220°C for aging temperature and 2h. and 8h. for aging time. Experimental correlations between the metallurgical parameters and the machinability values obtained were analyzed. For this, two levels of Mg (0.1 and 0.28 wt%), Fe-intermetallics (2% and 5%), and two aging temperatures (180°C and 220°C) and aging time of 2h were selected.
Application of Fluid Inclusion Technology to the Study of Hydrocarbon Charge History in Upper Triassic Reservoir of Chuanxi Foreland Basin, China
Authors: Xu Hao , Tang Da Zhen
Published: September 2011

Comprehensive application of fluid inclusions data from the Upper Triassic reservoir of Chuanxi foreland basin in China, integrated with burial history and thermal evolution, indicates that there are four episodes of hydrocarbon charge during geologic history: early thermo-genetic oil stage, middle thermo-genetic oil stage, late thermo-genetic gas stage, structural adjustment charge stage. In every phrase of charge, four types of fractures origin from inflexible compaction, acid dissolution, breaking by abnormal pressure and tectonic deformation played a essential role in migration and accumulation of hydrocabon in the Upper Triassic reservoir of Chuanxi foreland basin.
Study on New Cement Slurry System for Heavy Crude Oil Thermal Recovery in Well Cementation
Authors: Guan Su Min , Li Zao Yuan , Xie Peng , Wu Zhi Qiang , Guo Xiao Yang
Published: September 2011

The multi-cycle recovery of heavy crude oil thermal by steam injection and stimulation has serious effects on the integrity of cementing sheath. At present, the class G oil well cement with silica sands, less resistant to high temperatures, does not meet the quality of the heavy crude oil well cementation and requirements of recovery and production. The laboratory results show that Aluminates cement has the characteristics of high early strength; meanwhile, it can maintain strength and stability in a long-term under the circulation of high and low temperature conditions. However, its hydration product C3AH6, which makes it a sharp recession in intensity at low temperature, limits its application. According to the clinker selection and compounding with the main item of Aluminates cement indoor experimentation, there comes out a new type of cement binder which generates C3ASH4 and other stable phase within rounds of high and low temperature cueing, and made the crystal structure of cement in dense arrangement. With this method, cement hydration structure can be maintained with a long-term stability; and it has the value of further development.
Numerical Study of Oil-Water Two Phase Separation in Hydrocyclone
Authors: Zhang Fu Lun , Deng Song Sheng , Zhang Pan Feng
Published: September 2011

This paper presents a numerical study of the oil-water two phase flow in hydrocyclone. Oil-water two phase separation was simulated by using Reynolds Stress Model and Mixer model of multi-phase models. The oil-water separation process, oil-phase volume fraction distribution, and trajectory about the water-oil two phase liquid flowing within hydrocyclone were obtained. The study show that the separation of water-oil two phases is mainly in the swirl-chamber and cone section in hydrocyclone, however, the cylindrical section plays an inessential role in stabilizing the flow field during separation process.
Stress Analysis of Side Plates on the Logging Truck’s Cable Reel
Authors: Liu Xiu , Zhang Guang Qing , Wang Qun Li , Wang Zheng
Published: September 2011

In order to investigate stress distribution of side plates on the logging truck’s cable reel, and find the cause of side plates cracking, an elastic-plastic finite element model of three-dimension is set up. Based on a series of computations, the distributions of displacement and equivalent stress under the working conditions are analyzed, as well as the influence of the number of side plate floors on stress distribution. The results indicate the maximum equivalent stress is on the outside connection between side plate and cable reel, and the floors take the most part loads from steel cables. When the number of floors is greater than 11, increasing the floor number will not decrease the maximum equivalent stress obviously. The conclusion provides useful method and foundation for resolving floor cracking on logging trucks.
Process and Corrosion Resistance of Plasma-Sprayed NiCoCrAlY/(Al2O3-13%TiO2) Coatings on AZ91D Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Lu Sheng , Chen Yan , Weng Zhi Ping , Chen Jing
Published: September 2011

Plasma spraying process was carried out to prepare NiCoCrAlY bonding coating and Al2O3-13%TiO2 ceramic coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy by orthogonal experiments. The microstructural characteristics and properties of coating were investigated by SEM，tests of tensile, electrochemical method and weight loss. The results reveal that spraying power is the most important processing parameter to affect the bonding strength of the coating. The corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy is remarkably improved by plasma-sprayed NiCoCrAlY/(Al2O3-13%TiO2) coatings, especially when the coatings were sealed with epoxy resin.
Research and Application of Expansion Evaluation Device for Solid Expandable Tubular
Authors: Pan Zhi Yong , Song Sheng Yin , Liu Wen Hong , Feng Yao Rong , Wang Xin Hu
Published: September 2011

The expansion evaluation device for solid expandable tubular (SET) was researched and designed considering some questions of too little expansion force to flareout SET for a great many other simple expansion devices, too little expansion speed, improper expansion process that don’t match the truth and etc.. The SET can be checked and evaluated through expansion test simulating oil field fact on the expansion evaluation device. Using this device the expansion test can be carried out by only mechanical stretching force or only hydraulic pressure or the combination of mechanical tensile force and hydraulic power. Practice shows that the evaluation devic is characterized by low cost, economic and pragmatic and high reliability. On the other hand some other roles can be get by making use of evaluation device, for example research on deformation law for steel pipe, choice and development of SET’s material, optimization design of expansion cone, study on expansion technology and etc.. The expansion evaluation device will make a great role on promoting SET quality and advance the localization process of chinese SET industry.
Study on On-Line Torque Telemeter System for Large Motor in Active Oilfield Service
Authors: Liu Jian , Xiao Wen Sheng , Wang Feng De
Published: September 2011

According to the present situation of the torque measurement for large motor in active oilfield (the rotation speed of the electrical motor amount to 2980 r/min, clamping space is limit and measured shaft is not allowed to be detached when being measured), on-line test method of large motor in active oilfield service was studied, and torque measuring scheme based on telemeter strain style was put forward, furthermore the transmitter and receiver of torque telemeter system was selected and clamping apparatus was designed. The result of experiment shows that the method can complete on-line torque test for large motor without demounting the motor, the test result is reliable and error rate below five percent.
Gas Solubility Measurement for Waxy Crude Oil Saturated with Nitrogen and Natural Gas
Authors: Li Han Yong , Zhang Yun , Wang Huan
Published: September 2011

With self-developed solubility determining unit, gas volume solubility of Daqing waxy crude oil saturated with nitrogen and natural gas was measured respectively at temperatures of 50°C, 55°C, 60°C and 65°C and under pressures from 2 to 20 MPa. The gas volume solubility in the crude oil is increased with the increasing of pressure for both nitrogen and natural gas at every temperature tested, which the increased extent of gas solubility of natural gas is much higher than that of nitrogen. Solubility of natural gas increases with the decreasing of temperature, but that of nitrogen increases with the increasing of temperature. Pressure has a main effect on gas volume solubility.
Research of Thickness Dynamic Detection of Thin Sheets
Authors: He Jia Bing , Yang Zhen Yu , Jiang Wu Ji
Published: September 2011

Thickness dynamic detection of the various types of thin sheets is a very important technology in industrial production and product testing. This paper describes a thickness detection system by the combine of mechanical amplification and electronic amplification. The working Principle is that the detected subtle variable signal with thickness changing is amplified applying leverage amplification effect, then re-amplified by processing circuit to identify thickness of the detected object in its high speed moving.
Study on the Characteristics of Elastic Wave Propagation in Corrugated Fiberboard
Authors: Ding Yi , Yu Zhi Hui , Zeng Shan Qi , Li Guo Zhi
Published: September 2011

Corrugated fiberboard is considered as the world’s environmentally acceptable packaging that has a wide range of applications in packaging field. Through studying the characteristics of elastic wave propagation in the Corrugated fiberboard, this paper inferences variations of displacement and stress with time, when the corrugated fiberboard suffering the uniform load. It provides theoretical and mathematical basis for the design of cushioning package.
RAPD Analysis on Avermectin High-Producing Strain of Streptomyces Avermilis Irradiated by 12C6+ Ions
Authors: Bo Yong Heng , Wang Shu Yang , Chen Ji Hong , Liang Jian Ping
Published: September 2011

Italic textAbstract. Industrial Streptomyces avermitilis were irradiated by 80 MeV/u 12C6+ ions whith were provided by the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou Heavy Ion Accelerator. The high titers of mutants were obtained with different doses. The original strains and the high titers of mutants were detected and analyzed by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA technology (RAPD). The results show that bands could be got from amplify the original strain by 4 primers of 28 primers and the high titers of mutants were amplified by the 4 primers. The amplified products were analysed by Jaccard formula. After 10 Gy, 30 Gy, 40 Gy, 45 Gy, 50 Gy, 70 Gy isodose irradiation, the similarity index were 0.63, 0.75, 0.71, 0.8, 0.61, 0.73. It was confirmed that at the DNA level, not only the high titers strains and the original mutant strain’s DNA were different, but also the high titers of the different mutants’ DNA were different. Therefore, ion implantation method changed the different Streptomyces avermitilis genetic material which promote the importance trace of avermectin biosynthesis changed, and different high titers of Streptomyces avermitilis were obtained.
An Angle Measuring System for Knife Blade Based on Laser and Electronic Clinometer
Authors: An Fen Ju , Feng Yu Jun , Tan Zhong Ming , Shi Wen Qing , Xiong Zheng Ye , Li Yong Qiang , Huang Cun You , Wang Wen Hua
Published: September 2011

In order to measure the knife blade angle, which has a great impact on sharpness and sharpness retentivity of knives and scissors, an angle measuring system for knife blade based on laser and electronic clinometer is presented. Practical running and testing proved the system's feasibility, reliability and great value in practical application. Meanwhile, the system has many advantages, such as easy operation, low cost, high precision, small errors, non-contact, etc.
Calculation Method of Intumescent Coatings of Fire Protection for Concrete-Filled Hollow Structural Steel Columns
Authors: Chen Hai Zhou , Wang Yu Ling , Liu Jin Gui , Wang Gui Ling , Ma Rong Quan , Xu Wei
Published: September 2011

The use of hollow structural steel (HSS) columns filled with concrete has become widespread in the past few decades. The residual strength of a composite column may used to assess the potential damage caused by fire and help to establish an approch to calculate the strctural fire protection. Sum up BS standard, AISC standard and some research about cementiteous sprayed monolithic fire protection coatings of Prof. Han’s and calculate the residual strength of a composite column for New Terminal Building of Republic of Mauritius Sir Seewoosaugur Ramgoolam International Airport Expansion Project. The concolusion and method may be used by other approximate project.
Predicting Internal Oxidation: Building on the Wagner Model
Authors: Young David J.
Published: September 2011

Wagner’s 1959 diffusion model of the internal oxidation process provided a method of predicting the rate at which a binary alloy was penetrated by dissolved oxygen as it precipitated the more reactive (but dilute) alloy component. Parabolic kinetics were predicted to depend on oxygen permeability in the unreacted alloy solvent and also, in cases where the reactive component was sufficiently mobile, the diffusion coefficient of the latter. The model has proven very successful, but is restricted to single oxidant-binary alloy systems, in which the precipitated oxide has extremely low solubility. This paper reviews recent results on a number of internal precipitation processes which cannot be described with the Wagner theory. These include formation of low stability carbides and nitrades; internal precipitation driven by multiple oxidants; the templating effects of prior precipitates on subsequently formed corrosion products; cellular precipitation morphologies; internal interface diffusion effects; volume changes in the reaction zone and the effects upon them of simultaneous external scaling.
High Temperature Oxidation of Advanced High Strength Steel: HT-XRD Method for Quantitative Evaluation
Authors: Rout T.K. , Go Johnson , Gaikwad Ani V. , Melzer Stefan
Published: September 2011

Thermal barrier coating (TBC) is a need for automotive components to avoid high temperature oxidation during hot forming. The formation of thick and flaky iron (Fe) oxide layers at high temperature on the high strength steel (HSS) is not acceptable because that can damage & pollute the pressing tool surface and interfere with the welding process. A TBC is evaluated on the HSS using HT-XRD (high temperature x-ray diffraction) technique to understand quantitative evolution of oxidation at high temperature. The characterisation results of the present coating system have shown significant reduction in oxidation of the substrate and inhibit the formation of flaky oxide layers at elevated temperature.
Compatible Coating System to Provide Long-Life and High-Reliability
Authors: Narita Toshio
Published: September 2011

The concept of the diffusion barrier coating system (DBC system) is summarized and the latest results are presented. The DBC system is comprised of alloy substrate/diffusion barrier/Al-reservoir/an external scale. Diffusion flux (JAl) of Al through the barrier layer will be given approximately by JAl = DAl x SAl x (d CAl/d x), where DAl and SAl are the diffusion coefficient and solubility limit of Al in the barrier layer, respectively as well as d CAl / d x is driving force given by the concentration difference across the barrier (d CAl) divided by the thickness of the barrier layer (d x). A slow diffusion flux can be obtained by using low values of DAl, SAl, or (d CAl /d x). Accordingly, a selection of a barrier layer with lower DAl and SAl is essential. A low driving force is also an important factor, and can be achieved by using lower CAl witha constant barrier layer thickness dx. At higher temperatures, however, the barrier layer can react with the alloy substrate and Al-reservoir layer, resulting in gradual degradation of the barrier layer. This means that the thickness dx of the barrier layer tends to decrease and may finally disappear. With decreasing thickness of the diffusion barrier layer, the driving force (dCAl/dx) will increase, and the effectiveness of the barrier layer will be eliminated. Therefore, it is essential to maintain a constant thickness of the barrier layer for long exposure time. Several types of the DBC system are proposed, a single barrier layer and triple-layers with g + g’ and g’ inserted among these barrier layers.
Effects of Si Content on the Oxidation Behavior of Fe–Si Alloys in Air
Authors: Nishimoto Takumi , Honda Kazuhiko , Kondo Yasumitsu , Uemura Kenichi
Published: September 2011

The oxidation behavior of Fe–Si alloys at 1073K in air was investigated. The oxidation kinetics described by the parabolic rate law of diffusion controlled oxidation and the oxidation rate decrease with the increasing Si content. Fe-Si alloys were oxidized for different times at 1073K to obtain the same scale thickness of approximately 30μm. Observations of scale cross-sections indicated the structure of oxide scale and elemental distribution in oxide scales strongly depends on Si content. The oxide scale on Fe-Si alloys with low Si content consisted of three layers with an outer Fe2O3, an intermediate Fe3O4 and an inner FeO and some voids were formed in Fe3O4 and FeO layers. The Si-rich oxide layer was formed at the scale/alloy interface of Fe-Si alloys with high Si content. Furthermore, the amount of internal oxidation zone increased with the increasing Si content. Observations of scale cross-sections indicated that the structure of oxide scale and elemental distribution in oxide scale strongly depend on Si content.
Reproduction and Deformation Characteristics of Oxide Scale in Hot Rolling Using Vacuum Rolling Mill
Authors: Segawa Akio
Published: September 2011

There is fear that the oxide scale formed in hot rolling causes adverse effects for surface properties of final product. In hot rolling, the sheet surface is occurred reoxidation after descaling. Therefore, the oxide scale is rolled together, and causes the surface defect. In this study, the method for reproducing the oxide scale in hot rolling is proposed by a vacuum hot rolling mill, named the scale transfer method, and focused on the deformation of the oxide scale itself. As the results, it’s possible to reproduce the oxide scale in the actual hot rolling process. It showed that causes the new surface defect for invading the oxide scale in the sheet surface during roll bite.
Oxidation of Metallic Materials in Simulated CO2/H2O-Rich Service Environments Relevant to an Oxyfuel Plant
Authors: Quadakkers W.Joe , Olszewski T. , Piron-Abellan J. , Shemet Vladimir , Singheiser Lorenz
Published: September 2011

In the present study the oxidation behaviour of a number of candidate alloys for heat exchanging components was investigated in model gas mixtures containing high amounts of CO2 and/or water vapour in the temperature range 550-700°C up to exposure times of 1000 h. During exposure in Ar/CO2 and Ar/CO2/H2O base gas mixtures at 550-650°C the oxidation rates and scale compositions of martensitic 9-12%Cr steels were similar to those previously observed in steam environments. Thin and protective Cr-rich oxide scales which are commonly found during air oxidation was observed locally on the specimens surfaces after oxidation in Ar-(1-3%)O2-CO2. The tendency for protective chromia base scale formation increased when 3% oxygen was added, especially for the 12%Cr steel. When iron base oxide scales were formed on the metal surface, the martensitic steels tended to exhibit carburisation whereby the extent was reduced by increasing the water vapour and oxygen contents. All three studied austenitic alloys exhibited very slow scale growth rates at 550°C, however, at and above 600°C the steels with lower Cr content started to form two-layered iron rich surface oxide scales whereby the outer oxide was prone to spallation upon thermal cycling. The high-Cr austenitic steel 310N and the nickel base alloy 617 formed very thin, Cr-rich oxide scales at all used test temperatures and atmospheres. For those two materials the oxidation behaviour in gases containing water vapour in combination with intentionally added oxygen was affected by formation of volatile chromium oxyhydroxide.
Water Vapour Effects on the Oxidation of Chromia-Forming Alloys
Authors: Galerie Alain , Petit Jean Pierre , Wouters Yves , Mougin Julie , Srisrual Anusara , Hou Peggy Y.
Published: September 2011

The electronic properties of chromia scales grown between 800°C and 900°C on chromium metal and chromia-forming ferritic stainless steels were determined using room temperature PhotoElectroChemistry (PEC) experiments and the relative importance of the n- and p-character of the scales could be assessed. According to the thermodynamic previsions of defects structures, the external part of all the scales grown in oxygen exhibits band gap energy around 3.5 eV, with a marked p-type character on chromium and a possibly n-type behaviour on stainless steels. On the contrary, the internal part of the scales is always n-type, with predominant interstitial chromium defects. A major change appears when chromium or stainless steels are oxidised in water vapour-argon mixtures, where the absence of a p‑type semiconductor in the scales could be evidenced. Hydrogen defects are thought to be responsible of this particular behaviour which leads to a strong reduction of residual stresses due to increased high temperature relaxation. Moreover, the inversion of the growth direction resulting from high mobility of the OH defects makes the chromia scales grown in water vapour more adherent than when grown in oxygen.