bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIRECTIONS AND MECHANISM FOR STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF GRAIN PRODUCTION IN NIZHNY NOVGOROD REGION
Authors: Generalov Ivan G.
Published: September 2024

The strategic development of grain production is a very relevant area, since in order to remain competitive in the long term, it must be transformed into a high-tech branch of the national economy. The purpose of the study: justification of directions and development of a mechanism for strategic development of grain production in the Nizhny Novgorod region. Within the framework of this goal, a critical analysis of studies on this problem was carried out. Based on the use of methodological tools such as SWOT analysis and the BSC method, the directions of strategic development of grain production in the Lower Rod region were scientifically substantiated, and thanks to the empirical modeling method, the Ministry of Management of Strategic Development of Grain Production in this region was developed. As a result, the author highlighted and specified the following areas of strategic development of grain production: a breakthrough strategy, strategies aimed at qualitative renewal of production technologies in conditions of production instability and a survival strategy. The directions were drawn up in the form of a map of the strategic development of grain production in the Nizhny Novgorod region. The mechanism proposed by the author to manage the strategic development of grain production in the region includes such subsystems as goal setting, strategy, control and implementation of the developed areas of strategic development. As a result, the implementation of the proposed directions on the basis of the mechanism for strategic development of grain production will contribute to its transformation into a high-tech industry.
ASSESSING THE RESULTS OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF ENTERPRISES IN THE INTERESTS OF ACHIEVING TECHNOLOGICAL SOVEREIGNTY OF THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY
Authors: Gurlev Vladimir G. , Khomiakova Tatiana S. , Sliva Svetlana V.
Published: September 2024

In the context of the need to reduce technological dependence and structural changes in the economy, it is important to solve the problems of ensuring technological sovereignty by enhancing the innovative activity of enterprises and the growth of innovative activity in the context of industries and regions. The expediency of identifying innovative activities is justified by the opportunity to evaluate the activity of the enterprise as a result. In this work, a complex of factors has been identified and the functional dependencies of their influence on the innovative activities of enterprises have been determined. Groups of indicators characterizing the innovative activities of enterprises have been developed, defined, formalized and classified. A methodology and methods for assessing the influence of factors on the results of an enterprise’s innovative activities have been developed. The assessment of the results of an enterprise’s innovative activity in the presented work is associated with the grouping of indicators of innovative activity based on the obtained mathematical generalized indicator. An assessment is made of the contribution of the enterprise’s innovative activities to ensuring the technological sovereignty of the national economy.
FORMATION OF HYBRID ORGANIC AGRI-FOOD SYSTEMS BASED ON CONSORTIUMS
Authors: Galkin Denis G.
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the hypothesis of combining small and large producers of organic food into associations and consortiums, where each business entity will receive certain advantages. In the course of the study, the author took into account the features of the types and experience of state support for existing organic agro-food systems, the main beneficiaries of the progressive development of these systems. The study is based on the synthesis of types of modern, traditional and mixed organic agro-food systems, which made it possible to identify the possibility of forming a new type of system — ​hybrid organic agri-food systems. The results of the study showed that cooperatives and associations can become the most acceptable forms of hybrid systems at the initial stage of their formation. The addition of an agro-industrial holding to the system will allow the formation of consortiums, which are proposed to be considered as the main form of hybrid organic agri-food systems and a mechanism for scaling them up to create export sectors based on small and medium-­sized businesses. In order to identify the interests of the main beneficiaries of the consortiums, the stakeholder analysis method was used, which shows that it is the state that is the main recipient of the positive effects from the development of hybrid organic agro-food systems. These effects include: preservation of natural capital, reduction of unemployment in rural areas, slowing down the rate of rural migration, involvement in the circulation of unused land, strengthening the health of the nation and increasing farmers’ incomes. At the same time, a necessary condition for the formation and scaling of organic consortiums are state support measures that can be aimed at stimulating the interaction of business entities and protecting the interests of small farmers.
A STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DOMESTIC AND WORLD WHEAT PRICES IN THE EU AND IN RUSSIA
Authors: Karashchuk Oksana S. , Boldiasov Alexey I.
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the influence of the dynamics of world wheat prices on the change in domestic prices for this commodity in various countries in conditions of significant volumes of export-­import operations. Theoretical analysis has shown that, in accordance with the law of a single price, in conditions of perfect competition, domestic prices should change in proportion to fluctuations in world prices, whereas in conditions of imperfect competition, domestic prices will change to a greater extent than world prices. The analysis of correlations allowed us to determine that the wheat markets of the EU countries are characterized by a relationship between domestic and world prices with great statistical significance, for some countries this relationship was determined taking into account the time lag of world prices. The relationship between domestic and global wheat prices has not manifested itself, which is most likely a consequence of state interference in market processes, since the necessary prerequisite for the implementation of the single price law is the absence of active state regulation. Further research allowed us to establish that in the long term, domestic wheat prices in the EU countries change almost in proportion to the volatility of world prices. In the short term, the relationships turned out to be different for individual countries studied and independent of the share of wheat exports and imports in the country’s production and the average share of the country in world wheat trade.
KEY ASPECTS OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE RUSSIAN REGION (CASE OF LIPETSK REGION)
Authors: Rumyantseva Yulia V. , Markova Ekaterina S. , Mitrofanova Olga N.
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the issues of economic security of the Russian region using the example of the Lipetsk region. The study updates the role of regional economic security based on an in-depth analysis of the theoretical concepts of scientists over the past 20 years. Based on the works of the Russian economist S. Y. Glazyev, in which he uses his author’s, integral approaches to indicators of reproduction of human and economic potential, researchers assess the state of economic security in the Lipetsk region. The authors conclude that the main trend at the moment is the “forced” growth of production, not provided with sufficient labor resources for the future, accompanied by low socio-­economic indicators of reproduction. Having sufficiently advantageous geographical, climatic and natural resources, the Lipetsk region does not have a high development potential at this point in time due to the low level of self-awareness of the population. The level of crime, alcoholism or fertility is often not related to the economic standard of living of the population, but rather depends on the level of development of the individual and society. The lack of capital investments in fixed assets for the future shows the lack of strategic goals of producers and the desire to obtain short-term benefits. The authors see the development of patriotic, spiritual and moral education as one of the directions for improving the indicators of reproduction of human and economic potential in the region.
POSITIONING OF RUSSIAN REGIONS IN LONG-TERM AND MEDIUM-TERM ECONOMIC GROWTH RATINGS
Authors: Benz Daria S.
Published: September 2024

In the article the author creates ratings of Russian regions according to criteria — ​long-term and medium-term real economic growth. An indicator of economic growth is the index of the physical volume of gross regional product. By the long-term period we mean the period from 1997 to 2021, by the medium-term period — ​the period from 2016 to 2021. The purpose of the study is to rank the regions according to these periods. Objectives of the study are following: to conduct a comparative analysis of the results of building two ratings; to show the spatial location of regions from the standpoint of long-term economic growth; to show the specialization of the leading regions. Specific research methods are the ranking method, comparative and correlation analyses, and the graphical illustration method. The leaders of both long-term and medium-term economic growth are three regions. These are St. Petersburg, the Moscow region and the Republic of Adygea. The absolute outsider according to both ratings is the Komi Republic. The industry specificity of the leading regions was obtained: all regions are characterized by specialization in manufacturing. Regions leading long-term and medium-term growth also specialize in non-production activities — ​wholesale and retail trade, real estate operations. The leading regions of medium-term growth specialize both in the extractive industry and in the fields of transport and communications.
REPRESENTATION OF REALITY IN THE TEXT OF THE SPIDER-MAN COMIC STRIP
Authors: ENGEL E.A.
Published: September 2024

American superhero comics have long captured the hearts of young readers, and their film adaptations have expanded the number of viewers. The storylines of comics about Superman, Captain America, Fantastic Four, Iron Man, Hulk and other superheroes of DC and Marvel publishing houses arouse interest not only in literature and film industry, but also in scientific environment: comics are studied as a phenomenon/genre of mass culture; a means of education and a kind of creolised text. This article shows the significance of comics by representation of reality. The important political, social and cultural events that took place in the USA and in the world in the 1960s are represented with verbal and non-verbal components of “Amazing Spiderman” comic strip. There are the research of nuclear weapons, the space race between the USA and the Soviet Union, the military intervention in Indochina, the economic crisis, the growth of crime and the formation of American youth in the comic strip.
DISCOURSE REPRESENTATION OF REALITY IN MEDIA DISCOURSE (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF RUSSIAN AND AMERICAN MEDIA)
Authors: VIKTOROVA E.V.
Published: September 2024

This article examines the concept of representation of reality, analyzes the discursive representation of reality according to the types of “construction” and “reflection” based on the material of Russian and American mass media, and examines the cognitive mechanisms on which these types of representation of reality in media discourse are based. A comparative analysis of the discursive representation of reality according to the “reflection” and “construction” types in Russian and American media is provided. The cognitive mechanisms underlying the “construction” type of representation of reality require more detailed study and analysis. The problem of types of reality representation in linguistics should be considered from the perspective of the close connection between discourse, cognitive mechanisms and social phenomena. The basis of the study was the methods of continuous sampling and formalization, as well as conceptual and discourse analysis of text fragments.
Examining the Macroeconomic Costs of Occupational Entry Regulations
Authors:   NSW Treasury, Bowman Joel , Hambur Jonathan ,   Reserve Bank of Australia, Markovski Nathan ,   NSW Treasury
Published: September 2024

Occupational entry regulations (OER) are legal requirements that people need to meet to enter certain professions. They are intended to protect consumers by ensuring providers are of sufficient quality – but they can also create costs by making it harder for new workers to enter a profession or for new firms to open and grow. In this paper we construct a database of OER stringency across three states and a number of occupations to better understand these potential costs. We find that for services provided to consumers (businesses), OER tend to be more (less) stringent in Australia compared with the average OECD country. In most occupations OER are more stringent in Australia compared to the least stringent OECD country. We find that more stringent OER are associated with lower business entry and exit rates, and a slower flow of workers from less to more productive firms, both of which may have negative implications for productivity. We also find some tentative evidence that OER tend to be associated with skill shortages. These results do not necessarily suggest that OER should be less stringent. But they fill a gap in our understanding of the effects of OER, which can help policymakers going forward.
Influence of Motivation, Compensation, and Competency on Employee Performance Mediated by Job Satisfaction (Case Study at Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan)
Authors: Fitriany Netty , Mudjijah Slamet
Published: September 2024

This research aims to analyze motivation, compensation, and competence on employee performance as mediated by job satisfaction at the Deposit Insurance Corporation. This research uses a survey method with a sample of 100 people using a proportional stratified random sampling technique. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire whose validity and reliability have been tested. The data analysis technique uses the Partial Least Square (PLS) application version 3.2.9. by evaluating the outer model, the inner model, and path analysis tests. The research results provide conclusions: (1) Motivation has no significant effect on employee performance; (2) Compensation has a significant effect on employee performance; (3) Competency has a significant effect on employee performance; (4) Motivation has no significant effect on job satisfaction; (5) Compensation has a significant effect on job satisfaction; (6) Competency has a significant effect on job satisfaction; (7) Job satisfaction has no significant effect on employee performance; (8) The influence of motivation on employee performance cannot be mediated by job satisfaction; (9) The effect of compensation on employee performance cannot be mediated by job satisfaction; (10) The influence of competency on employee performance cannot be mediated by job satisfaction; (11) The coefficient value of the determinant ( ) of the Job Satisfaction construct is 0.649, indicating that the influence of Motivation, Compensation, and Competence constructs on Job Satisfaction is 64.9%; (12) The coefficient value of the determinant ( ) of the Employee Performance construct is 0.640, indicating that the influence of Motivation, Compensation, and Competence Job Satisfaction constructs on Employee Performance is 64%.
Influence of fine aggregates replaced ratio on shear strength of oyster shell concrete beam using GFRP rebars
Authors: Tu Sy Quan
Published: September 2024

The recycle of oyster shell as a component of concrete is a considerable solution around the world, not only ameliorate environment quality due to waste pollution but also decelerate the depletion of traditional aggregates. In this study, the oyster concrete is elaborated and performed in the order to determine many mechanic properties such as compressive strength, tensile strength or modulus of elasticity. These parameters are an important information, allowing to predict the shear strength of concrete in the structure using Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) rebar, where a part of fine aggregate is replaced by oyster shell. Besides, many 3-points bending test were realized in several beams with different ratios of replacement. The presence of oyster shell crushed replacing the natural sand reduced many mechanic characteristics of concrete, including the shear behaviour. However, compared to theoretical predictions, the results given by experiment seems betters, although there is a diminution of shear strength in almost specimens. This argument leads to the possibility of using this kind of concrete with GFRP rebar in the design of manufacturing precast members, mainly under the load introducing the shear force
Aerodynamic characteristics of axisymmetric boattail models with different number of longitudinal groove cavities
Authors: Tran The Hung , Nguyen Dinh Quang , Le Dinh Anh
Published: September 2024

Reducing aerodynamic drag and increasing flying object performance is an important task in aerospace engineering. The high drag occurs for blunt base models, which are not only for missiles, and projectiles but also for building, bridges. This study presents numerical results regarding subsonic flow characteristics over axisymmetric boattail models equipped with longitudinal grooves, with the number of grooves ranging from 2 to 12. The standard model has a fixed boattail length of 0.7D and an angle 22°. The investigation employs numerical simulation methods utilizing the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with the k-ω SST turbulent model. The boundary layer was captured well by the current simulation. The numerical results are initially validated against both simulated and experimental data from previous studies, ensuring accuracy and reliability. The findings indicate that an increase in the number of grooves from 0 to 4 results in a slight increment in drag. However, as the number of grooves is further increased from 6 to 12, a significant reduction in the model's drag is observed. Additionally, the flow patterns around the boattail model are visually depicted and analyzed to explain the drag trend of the model with different groove configurations
Monomial asymptotic polynomials and applications to polynomial optimization problems
Authors: Du Thi Thu Trang
Published: September 2024

The problem of polynomial optimization plays an important role in many fields such as physics, chemistry, and economics. This problem has received research attention from many mathematicians recently. In this paper, we study the polynomial optimization problem over a non-compact semi-algebraic set, for which its constraint set of polynomials G is asymptotic with a finite family of monomials. By changing variables via a suitable monomial mapping, we transform the problem under consideration into the polynomial optimization problem over a compact semi-algebraic feasible set. We then apply the well-known result that the optimal value of a polynomial over a compact semi-algebraic set can be approximated as closely as desired by solving a hierarchy of semi-definite programs and the convergence is finite generically, to obtain results in the general case when the cone C(G) is unimodular. In particular, in the case of polynomials in two variables, we solve the problem quite completely without requiring C(G) to be unimodular
Antivaccine, denialist, and conspiracy theorist content on Facebook. An analysis of the No to the New World Order page
Authors: Sanchez Julio C. Aguila , Rocha Carmen Castillo , Valencia Ángel R. Vargas
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Antivaccine, denialist, and conspiracy ideas are generally part of an ecosystem of beliefs reinforcing each other. With the advent of covid-19, these ideas figure among the main disinformation contents of counter-official discourses. The article aims to characterize the contents of the Facebook page ‘No to the New World Order’.
Method. The content analysis method was employed for the 625 publications on the page during the period studied (October 2020 to January 2022).
Analysis. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis, the topic modeling technique, and the Latent Dirichlet Allocation algorithm. Results. Covid-19 was the main focus of the analysed posts (68%). Many posts criticised government measures, while others alleged censorship and media manipulation of unofficial covid-19 information. Additionally, the posts asserted that the pandemic is part of a New World Order promoted by elites. Conservative ideas were also found, alongside the criticism of health, economic, and financial organisations. The most liked posts included two videos: one about a strike by health workers in France and another criticising vaccines.
Conclusions. Based on the published content, it can be observed that 'No to the New World Order' serves as a platform for criticizing pandemic management across all fronts. However, this space does not accommodate divergent opinions, criteria, or perspectives, nor does it offer criticism or questioning of the accuracy of shared content. These conditions foster misinformation and polarization on the issue.
Rússia nos trópicos: em busca da biobibliografia de Nicolas Roubakine
Authors: Salomão Amanda , Debetto Fernanda do Valle Galvão , Siciliano Mell Longuinho Andre , Mata Diogo Xavier da , Saldanha Gustavo Silva
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Trata-se de uma pesquisa (meta)documental, na forma de uma biobibliografia, do bibliotecário russo Nicolas Roubakine (1862-1946), fundador da chamada Bibliopsicologia (ou Psicologia Bibliológica), citada em estudos sobre a leitura na Rússia e na França. Apresentam-se, panoramicamente, vida e obra de Roubakine. O objetivo é analisar em quais territórios bibliográficos nacionais se encontram repercutidas a figura e a teoria roubakiniana. Constatada a escassa apropriação pela literatura científica no Brasil, optou-se pela pesquisa em fontes de informação de diferentes naturezas, no percurso que vai da investigação das bases especializadas às fontes gerais.
Método: Esta reflexão é teórica, exploratória e de abordagem quanti-qualitativa. O corpus está baseado em fontes gerais documentais primárias coletadas na Hemeroteca Digital Brasileira, mantida pela Fundação Biblioteca Nacional, examinada através de análise métrica de seus metadados. O marco epistemológico é produzido a partir de Marianna Choldin, Gustavo Saldanha, Robert Estivals, Sylva Simsova e Elena Savova. A proposta metodológica de inovação da pesquisa está vinculada à triangulação da noção de biobibliografia, fontes primárias nacionais e do “território-Roubakine nos trópicos” (vida e obra do teórico russo).
Resultados: A pesquisa aponta para uma genealogia do pensamento roubakiniano no Brasil que segue um caminho diferente da literatura científica e especializada, da sua ausência no plano acadêmico-científico tradicional da comunicação científica, partindo dos resultados recuperados nas fontes gerais de informação e suas diferentes formas de apropriação das noções elaboradas e/ou discutidas por Roubakine.
Conclusões: Ao considerar a ausência de uma sólida doxografia sobre o pensamento roubakiniano na literatura científica internacional perante condicionantes históricas e biográficas que envolveram a circulação das ideias do autor, o estudo sugere emergência na apropriação e disseminação das teorias revolucionárias em seu espaço-tempo - através da leitura como forma de transformação social - do teórico russo pela comunidade do campo da Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação.
Automatische Prüfung personalisierter Drucketikettierung und Booklets
Authors: Frutig Markus
Published: September 2024

Fehlerfreie Etiketten und Booklets sind im Gesundheitsmarkt Pflicht. Beim pharmazeutischen Unternehmen MSD Werthenstein BioPharma GmbH in Werthenstein (LU) übernimmt die Inspektions- und Wickelmaschine «Omega F150» von AB Graphic International diese herausfordernde Aufgabe. Die Maschine erkennt, verifiziert und klassifiziert vollautomatisiert über das hochauflösende Vision System «fleyeVision» alle üblichen Barcodes oder Schriftzeichen auf kleinste Fehler. Von Markus Frutig, Chefredaktor packAKTUELL
«Die Sommerpause ist vorbei, jetzt gilt es anzuPACKEN!»
Authors: Mühling Winfried
Published: September 2024

Ein wichtiges Datum vor der Sommerpause war die Verabschiedung der PPWR noch vom alten europäischen Parlament. Es gilt nun diese Einigung im neu gewählten Parlament zügig umzusetzen. Bei Faltschachteln gibt es spannende Analysen aus der Marktumfrage. Dazu stehen weitere wichtige Events vor der Tür. Der Verband Pro Carton fasst wichtige Infos zusammen.

Von Winfried Mühling, Marketingdirektor Pro Carton
Wasserstoff-Brennstoffzellen: Grüne Schiffe: Moderne Sensorik an Bord
Authors:   Rainer Moritz,   Lars Ronge
Published: September 2024

Emissionsfreie Brennsto zellen stattSchi sdiesel: Das ist eine vielversprechendePerspektive für die Schi ahrt der Zukunft. Umden Wandel hin zu einer klimafreundlicherenSchi ahrt mit alternativen Antrieben underneuerbaren Energien Realität werden zulassen, werden neue Technologien entwickelt.In der Sensorik- und Messtechnik könnenIngenieure dabei schon heute auf erprobteDruckmessumformer für maritimeAnwendungen zurückgreifen, die etwa fürWassersto -Anwendungen benötigt werden.
GRATIDÃO COMO PEDAGOGIA: UMA ESTRATÉGIA QUE SE INICIA EM ATITUDE ÍNTIMA E TRILHA SEU PERCURSO PLENO QUANDO EXPRESSO EM AÇÃO.
Authors: Melo Karine Claudino da Hora , Abranches Sérgio
Published: September 2024

O artigo aborda a complexa temática da gratidão, explorando sua etimologia e conceitos subjacentes, especialmente no contexto educacional. A palavra "gratidão" é analisada em sua origem latina e hebraica, destacando sua associação com a bondade, generosidade e reconhecimento de presentes recebidos. A autora Kerry Howells é apresentada como precursora da ideia de gratidão na educação, destacando sua abordagem de gratidão não apenas como emoção, mas como uma pedagogia ativa. A gratidão é discutida como uma prática que vai além de meros sentimentos ou pensamentos, envolvendo ação consciente e expressão ativa. Essa prática é vista como uma ponte relacional que promove climas calorosos e empáticos em sala de aula, essenciais para a aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento dos alunos. A reciprocidade é enfatizada como um aspecto fundamental da gratidão, conectando os indivíduos em uma rede de relações positivas. A autora destaca os desafios na implementação da gratidão na educação, incluindo pressões administrativas, concepções errôneas sobre a gratidão e a falta de reciprocidade. No entanto, são apresentadas práticas específicas para cultivar a gratidão na sala de aula, como expressar gratidão aos alunos, aos pais, aos colegas e ao ambiente. Além disso, o artigo discute a gratidão como uma prática moral, distinta do pensamento positivo e do otimismo superficial. A gratidão Ela é vista como uma atitude que promove relacionamentos saudáveis e desenvolve um senso de interconexão e interdependência entre os membros da comunidade educacional. Em suma, o artigo destaca a importância da gratidão como uma pedagogia transformadora, capaz de promover uma aprendizagem humanizada e cultivar um ambiente escolar acolhedor e positivo. A prática da gratidão é apresentada como um caminho para o desenvolvimento pessoal e a construção de relacionamentos significativos, tanto na sala de aula quanto na vida cotidiana.
Feasibility of blue energy production using reverse electrodialysis In KwaZulu-Natal coastal region : modelling study using Comsol multiphysics
Authors:   , Ngcobo Lungisani
Published: September 2024

Renewable energies have gained an increasing focus in recent years, due to the climate crisis contributed or associated with the current energy generation sources in South Africa. Thus, in this thesis, a renewable energy source called salinity gradient energy or blue energy will be presented and studied. The main objectives outlined in this dissertation were to evaluate the theoretical potential of electric energy production from the KwaZulu Natal rivers which are uThukela, uMvoti, uMkhomazi, Amanzimtoti, Umgeni, and uMfolozi. Finally, to optimize and simulate RED membrane and design reverse electrodialysis membranes and feeding pumps. In terms of the theoretical potential for producing electricity in the studied estuaries, it was concluded that the uThukela estuary has a considerably higher potential than the others. So, by this information, the possibility of designing the pilot plant in this estuary was studied, noting that the location of the pilot plant where the energy produced is greater and the capital cost are lower is at the mouth of the uThukela river. As for the pilot plant of RED, it was concluded that it is economically viable since the profit/loss found was R0 which is a break-even point, the plant is not generating a profit, but it’s also not generating a loss and since the focus for now is to try generating power. It’s economically viable in the sense that it covers its costs, but it is not profitable in terms of generating surplus revenue. It was concluded that using cheap and very thin membranes with high fluxes can increase the performance of the reverse electrodialysis. Also, the performance can be increased by using more than two reverse electrodialysis stacks instead of one.
Strategic Framework for Human-Centric AI Governance: Navigating Ethical, Educational, and Societal Challenges
Authors: Chris Gilbert  , Mercy Abiola Gilbert
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Humanity is at the precipice of a profound transformation, propelled by the rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI). Once confined to the realm of science fiction, AI now permeates every aspect of daily life, promising significant changes to our social, economic, and personal spheres. As AI systems continue to advance and surpass human capabilities in various domains, they present unparalleled opportunities as well as formidable challenges. This composition explores the dualistic nature of AI, acknowledging its capacity to either augment or disrupt our existence. By examining AI's current state, potential risks, and ethical considerations, we emphasize the pressing need for a comprehensive framework to govern its development and integration. We propose a multifaceted framework built on five fundamental principles: human centered design, transparency and interpretability, accountability and governance, education and upskilling, and inclusive and equitable access. These principles are designed to ensure that AI systems enhance human capabilities, promote transparency, uphold ethical standards, and provide equitable access to the benefits of technology. Through in-depth case studies, we illustrate the practical application of this framework, showcasing AI's impact across various industries while emphasizing the importance of addressing ethical and societal challenges. This composition calls for a collective effort among governments, corporations, and individuals to navigate the rapid expansion of AI responsibly, fostering a future where AI and humanity coexist harmoniously. The ultimate goal is to harness the potential of AI to revitalize society, ensuring that technological progress elevates human dignity and collective well-being instead of rendering us obsolete.
Parameterizations for global thundercloud corona discharge distributions
Authors: Soler Sergio , Gordillo-Vázquez Francisco J. , Pérez-Invernón Francisco J. , Jöckel Patrick , Neubert Torsten , Chanrion Olivier , Reglero Victor , Østgaard Nikolai
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Four parameterizations, distinguishing between land and ocean, have been developed to simulate global distributions of thundercloud streamer corona discharges (also known as Blue LUminous Events or BLUEs) mainly producing bluish optical emissions associated with the second positive system of N2 accompanied by no (or hardly detectable) 777.4 nm light emission. BLUEs occur globally about 12 times less frequently (Soler et al., 2022) than lightning flashes. The four schemes are based on non-linear functions of the cloud-top height (CTH), the product of the convective available potential energy (CAPE) and total precipitation (TP), the product of CAPE and specific cloud liquid water content (CLWC), and the product of CAPE and specific cloud snow water content (CSWC). Considering that thunderstorms occur on hourly timescales, these parameterizations have been tested using hourly ERA5 data (except for CTH, not available in ERA5) for the meteorological variables considered, finding that the proposed BLUE schemes work fine and are consistent with observations by the Atmosphere–Space Interactions Monitor (ASIM). Moreover, the parameterizations have been implemented in a global chemistry–climate model that generates annual and seasonal global distributions for present-day and end of 21st century climate scenarios. Present-day predictions are in reasonable agreement with recent observations by the ASIM. Predictions for the end of the 21st century suggest BLUE occurrence rates that range between 13 % higher (∼ 3 % K−1) and 52 % higher (∼ 13 % K−1) than present-day average occurrences of BLUEs.
Glaciation of mixed-phase clouds: insights from bulk model and bin-microphysics large-eddy simulation informed by laboratory experiment
Authors: Wang Aaron , Krueger Steve , Chen Sisi , Ovchinnikov Mikhail , Cantrell Will , Shaw Raymond A.
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Mixed-phase clouds affect precipitation and radiation differently from liquid and ice clouds, posing greater challenges to their representation in numerical simulations. Recent laboratory experiments using the Pi Cloud Chamber explored cloud glaciation conditions based on increased injection of ice-nucleating particles. In this study, we use two approaches to reproduce the results of the laboratory experiments: a bulk scalar mixing model and large-eddy simulation (LES) with bin microphysics. The first approach assumes a well-mixed domain to provide an efficient assessment of the mean cloud properties for a wide range of conditions. The second approach resolves the energy-carrying turbulence, the particle size distribution, and their spatial distribution to provide more details. These modeling approaches enable a separate and detailed examination of liquid and ice properties, which is challenging in the laboratory. Both approaches demonstrate that, with an increased ice number concentration, the flow and microphysical properties exhibit the same changes in trends. Additionally, both approaches show that the ice integral radius reaches the theoretical glaciation threshold when the cloud is subsaturated with respect to liquid water. The main difference between the results of the two approaches is that the bulk model allows for the complete glaciation of the cloud. However, LES reveals that, in a dynamic system, the cloud is not completely glaciated as liquid water droplets are continuously produced near the warm lower boundary and subsequently mixed into the chamber interior. These results highlight the importance of the ice mass fraction in distinguishing the mixed-phase clouds and ice clouds.
Increasing aerosol optical depth spatial and temporal availability by merging datasets from geostationary and sun-synchronous satellites
Authors: Gupta Pawan , Levy Robert C. , Mattoo Shana , Remer Lorraine A. , Zhang Zhaohui , Sawyer Virginia , Wei Jennifer , Zhao Sally , Oo Min , Kiliyanpilakkil V. Praju , Pan Xiaohua
Published: September 2024

Abstract. This comprehensive study analyzed aerosol products from six low-Earth orbit (LEO) and geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) sensors. LEO sensors like the MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and VIsible InfraRed Suite (VIIRS) provide one to two daily global measurements, while GEO sensors (Advanced Himawari Imager: AHI, Advanced Baseline Imager: ABI) offer high-frequency data (∼ 10 min) over specific regions. The combination of LEO and GEO capabilities offers expanded coverage of the global aerosol system if aerosol retrievals are applied consistently across all sensors and packaged in an easy-to-use product. The Dark Target aerosol retrieval algorithm was applied to the six sensors, and the resulting Level 2 aerosol optical depth (AOD) products were gridded and merged into a Level 3 quarter-degree latitude–longitude grid with a 30 min temporal resolution, providing the necessary consistency and packaging. Validation of this packaged Level 3 AOD product against Aerosol Robotics NETwork (AERONET) measurements across global locations showcased the merged product's robustness with a correlation coefficient of 0.83, revealing a global mean bias of approximately ±0.05, with 65.5 % of retrievals falling within an expected uncertainty range, underlining the reliability of the dataset. The new gridded Level 3 dataset significantly improved daily global coverage to nearly 45 %, overcoming the limitations of individual sensors, which typically range from 12 % to 25 %. Furthermore, this merged dataset approximates the diurnal cycle of AOD observed by AERONET, thus offering insights into diurnal signatures retrieved elsewhere. The resulting dataset's high spatiotemporal resolution and improved global coverage, especially in regions covered by GEO sensors (Americas and Asia), make it a valuable tool for diverse applications. Tracking aerosol transport from phenomena like wildfires and dust storms is gaining precision, enabling enhanced air quality forecasting and hindcasting. Additionally, the study positions the merged dataset as a significant asset for evaluating and intercomparing regional or global model simulations, which was previously unattainable in such a gridded format. The dataset and fusion framework layout in this study have the potential to include data from recently (future) launched other GEO (FCI, AMI) and LEO (PACE, VIIRS-JPSS) sensors.
Developing a Long-Term Global Dataset of Water Storage Anomalies Using GRACE and Model-Based Estimations
Authors: Saemian Peyman , Tourian Mohammad J. , Douch Karim , Sneeuw Nico
Published: September 2024

The Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission has significantly advanced the remote sensing of total water storage anomalies (TWSA) from regional to continental scales. Building on this foundation, the GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) mission, launched on 22 May 2018, continues to provide valuable data. However, the combined observational period of GRACE and GRACE-FO is limited to two decades of monthly data, with a one-year gap between the missions. This relatively short record limits the ability to observe global and regional climate trends over the long term, which is essential for studies on drought characterization and long-term climate change patterns.To overcome this limitation, using global hydrological, atmospheric, and reanalysis models, we have developed a new gridded TWSA dataset that expands the temporal coverage of GRACE(-FO) observations back to 1980. We employed various machine learning algorithms to combine these models and reconstruct TWSA, including Multivariate Linear Regression (MLR), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) together with some ensemble methods. Comparisons were made with GRACE data during the GRACE period (Apr 2002 to Dec 2012) with a high-resolution Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) TWSA product before the GRACE period (1992-2002).Our findings demonstrate significant improvements compared to the basic approaches, highlighting the necessity for advanced and sophisticated methods to reconstruct TWSA accurately across diverse regions and climates. GPR and MLR exhibited superior performance among the tested methods, while SVM and DT displayed poorer performance in most basins. This research presents a new approach for reconstructing long-term total water storage anomaly fields prior to the GRACE period (i.e., before 2002). The newly developed dataset substantially extends the timeline of TWSA observations, providing valuable insights into long-term variations in Earth's water storage.
Mass Balance and Climate Drivers in the Antarctic Peninsula, a GRACE Gravity Analysis
Authors: Romero Abelardo , Richter Andreas , Juarez Amilcar , Suad Corbetta Federico , Marderwald Eric , Granovsky Pedro , Döhne Thorben , Horwath Martin
Published: September 2024

Antarctic ice-mass balance is key to project sea-level changes, to assess future shifts in the global water cycle and ocean circulation, and to predict the fate of the White Continent. The surface mass balance is an essential component of the total ice-mass balance, with intense variations on time scales of months to decades. The surface mass balance varies spatially over Antarctica as a consequence of complex interplay between accumulation, transport and ablation. These processes respond to patterns and changes of the atmospheric and oceanic circulations which may extend far beyond Antarctica. Identifying and understanding climatic teleconnections helps improve the accuracy of ice-mass balance estimates for Antarctica and individual regions. Compared to the Antarctic Ice Sheet covering East and West Antarctica, the Antarctic Peninsula poses particular challenges for the quantification of the surface-mass balance based on regional climate models. The topography, finely structured by mountain ranges, bays and islands, fragments the ice into many individual glaciers and small drainage basins. The exposed position makes the peninsula region especially sensitive to the ocean and the atmosphere, including changes in the extrapolar circulation. During the last decades, the mass balance and dynamics of the glaciers in the Antarctic Peninsula have been affected by the break-up of ice shelves.In our work we use GRACE and GRACE Follow-On level-2 satellite gravimetry data, provided by monthly ITSG solutions to maximum degree/order 120, to investigate whether mass variations throughout the peninsula region (61-76°S, 55-80°W, except areas corresponding to ocean or ice shelves) correlate with large‐scale climate modes as El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), and mass balance estimates derived from regional climate models. Our analysis indicates a mass loss over two decades, mainly due to a period of enhanced mass-loss rate between 2007 and 2015. Also, our results suggest that these mass variations are primarily controlled by the surface mass balance which is influenced by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation phenomenon (ENSO).
Contributions of Water Storage Compartments to TWS in the East African Rift Region
Authors: Boergens Eva , Güntner Andreas , Schwatke Christian , Dobslaw Henryk
Published: September 2024

The northern part of the East African Rift has exhibited a distinct temporal TWS pattern in the last twenty years. Before 2006, we observed a decrease of TWS. It then recovered constantly until 2017. In 2019 and 2020, TWS peaked with the most significant gain in Africa in the GRACE and GRACE-FO period.The study region is dominated by some of the largest lakes in the world: Victoria, Tanganyika, and Turkana. The climate ranges from arid conditions in the North to tropical climates in most parts of the region.This presentation aims to analyse and characterise these interannual TWS variations compared to meteorological and satellite-based observations of the water storage compartments (surface water, soil moisture, and groundwater). Surface water storage (SWS) variations of the lakes in the region are observed with a combination of altimetric water levels and optical surface water extent. Soil moisture variability (root-zone soil moisture storage – RZSM) is monitored with microwave remote sensing and is available from the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S). Groundwater storage (GWS) changes cannot be observed directly with satellites but as the difference between TWS and SWS, RZSM, and snow and glaciers. The latter are neglected for the study region. To this end, the different data sets need to be harmonised in the spatial domain by smoothing SWS and RZSM with a Gaussian filter with a half-width of 250km.The main drivers of the changes observed in TWS are the meteorological variabilities and surface water storage. During the meteorological drought before 2006, the loss of SWS of Lake Victoria alone contributed up to 50% of the TWS variability, while GWS variations are comparable small. On the other hand, the significant TWS increase around 2020 can be attributed to nearly equal gains in groundwater and surface water storage, which coincide with a substantial precipitation surplus. In these years, the lakes in the region have suffered severe flooding. Soil moisture explains most of the seasonal TWS variability but does not influence the interannual variations.
CHARACTERISATION OF WASTEWATER FROM THE MOZAMBICAN BREWERY: CHARACTERISTIC COMPARISON WITH BREWERY EFFLUENTS FROM OTHER COUNTRIES
Authors: LEON ZERPA FEDERICO , CHIRINZA NICOLAU PENICELA , MUGUIRRIMA PAULINO VASCO , Mendieta Pino Carlos
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Wastewater from the brewery industry has complex characteristics and is a challenge for environmental engineers in their search for treatment and reuse. The main objective of this study is to compare the physicochemical characteristics of wastewater from the brewery industry in Mozambique and South Africa. The choice is due to the large volumes of water used by the brewery industry in its production processes, as well as the effluent management model that must be adopted. For this study, samples were collected and their physical and chemical parameters analysed. The results were compared with different breweries industries in other countries in the area, the legislation in force in Mozambique and the values estimated in the different articles considered in the literature. With the results obtained, it was possible to characterise the wastewater from the brewery industry in Mozambique in order to find the best method of treating these effluents in a more environmentally friendly way.
Keywords: Environmental management, brewery industries, wastewater, treatment systems.
POST-OPERATIVE PERCENTAGE REDUCTION OF GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE AS A MARKER FOR ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY AND WARNING OF LONG-TERM FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF ITS RESECTION
Authors: SEREGIN A. , ChEHONACKIY I. , TARASOV R. , SEREGIN A. , LORAN O.
Published: September 2024

The existing criteria of acute kidney injury assessment fail to identify kidney parenchyma damage of small severity and predict long-term outcomes of its resection. The aim of the research was to assess percentage reduction of glomerular filtration rate as a marker for acute kidney injury and functional outcome one year after surgery
VASCULAR AGING SYNDROME IN CASE OF METABOLIC DISORDERS AND ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION. VASOPROTECTIVE ROLE OF COMBINED ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY
Authors: SVISTUNOV A. , OSADChUK M. , VASIL'EVA I. , MIRONOVA E.
Published: September 2024

Metabolic disorders contribute to the premature development of arterial stiffness and form phenotypic modulations of heart and vessel remodeling. Adverse effect of metabolic disorders on hemodynamics of the cardiovascular system has been detected. Fixed combination of perindopril and amlodipine determined positive effect on the dynamics of vascular stiffness parameters in patients with arterial hypertension: vascular stiffness index, maximal arterial pressure increase rate dP/dtmax, central pressure in the aorta SYSao. At the same time the issue of duration of the treatment in the framework of angioprotection needs further study and detailed analysis.