bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proto-Surgery in Ancient Egypt
Authors: Sullivan Richard
Published: August 2020

This article investigates the evidence we have for the existence of proto-surgery in ancient Egypt during the Dynastic Period (c.3200 - 323 BC). Climate and chance have preserved medical literature as well as paleoarcheological specimens and these artefacts, along with extant Greek and Roman treatises appear to support the conclusion that protosurgery was practised in ancient Egypt (the prefix proto- designates an original or early form). Elements of proto-surgical development including analgesia and sedation, the incision, trephination, proto-surgery of trauma, mythical proto-surgery and antisepsis, drawing on primary sources, surviving artefacts and modern commentary are discussed. Where appropriate comparisons are made with proto-surgery in ancient Mesopotamia and the Bronze Age Aegean.
Atropine-Induced Convulsions in the Septohippocampal System. I. Effects of Cannula Position and Sex
Authors: Herink Josef
Published: August 2020

Effects of local administration of atropine into the medial septal nucleus (MSN) and dorsal septal nucleus (DSN) were tested in laboratory rats. Atropine administration led to the development of a spike/wave activity in the hippocampus as well as amygdala within 10 minutes. The frequency of spikes ranged in the absolute values from 20 to 25 spikes per minute in the case of atropine administration to MSN, while in the case of DSN it reached only about 16 spikes per minute. Spike/wave activity outlasted in the EEG record within 2 hours. The average incidence of spikes was somewhat lower in females than in males. A possible relation of the atropine-induced spike/wave activity to another kinds of limbic convulsions is discussed.
A New Method of Estimation of the Optimal AV Delay by Using Pulse Oximetry in DDD Paced Patients
Authors: Měšťan Miroslav , Kvasnička Jiří , Rejchrt Pavel
Published: August 2020

The paper gives a detailed description of a new method for estimating the optimal AV delay in dual chamber paced patients, which is non-invasive, not dependent on the examinator, not time consuming and inexpensive. In principle, the pulse oximetry signal obtained by common finger probe was used to measure the change in its time course after changes in pacemaker stimulation. The Eagle 4000 monitor, manufactured by Marquette USA, was used for measurements and digitizing the data and then this data was analyzed using a portable personal computer with original programs developed in Famulus v. 3.5. Our results were compared to the standard method for optimizing AV delay which uses the direct measurement of blood pressure in the ascending aorta. Twenty-four patients with Physios pacemakers were enrolled in the pilot study. Measurements showed a positive correlation (r = 0.982, N = 432) between the changes in the pulse oximetry amplitude and changes in the pressure pulse amplitude measured in the ascending aorta by a catheter-tip manometer. These results indicated that this new method could be a possible alternative to the currently used techniques for AV interval optimization.
Surgical Treatment of Anterior Septal Deviations
Authors: Núñez-Fernández David , Vokurka Jan
Published: August 2020

Anterior septal deviations are very difficult to handle because their location causes valvular obstruction, and any small residual deviation can cause a high degree of obstruction. The commonly performed submucous resection is not a suitable technique to handle this deformity. The maxilla-premaxilla technique offers a better approach. The surgical technique for anterior septal deviation differs from the standard septoplasty in several steps. A modified technique to treat this particular pathology is described in detail. This technique is highly reliable, and simplifies the access to a difficult-to-handle deformity.
Stuck in an Existential Quagmire: The Role of Perceived True Self-Knowledge in Client Stuckness
Authors: Carter Jane E. M. , Rivera Grace N. , Heffer Robert W. , Schlegel Rebecca J.
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Research suggests that perceived true self-knowledge is important for well-being. However, less discussion exists about how perceived true self-knowledge affects therapy outcomes. We suggest that perceived true self-knowledge may be important when attempting to address client stuckness (i.e., lack of progress in therapy; Beaudoin, 2008). We argue that when clients perceive a lack of true self-knowledge, they are unable to draw upon the true self-concept as a source of meaning. This may hinder therapeutic progress and contribute to client stuckness.

Methods: We present theoretical evidence for the role of perceived true self-knowledge in experiences of stuckness. Then, we present case studies of two stuck clients and their therapeutic interventions as preliminary evidence for our model.

Results: Direct strategies geared at enhancing true self-knowledge by helping the client construct coherent self-concepts worked for one client, but not for the other. Indirect strategies, grounded in social psychological research, are outlined as a method of enhancing perceptions of true self-knowledge for clients who do not benefit from direct strategies.

Discussion: Potential moderators for the effectiveness of direct versus indirect strategies to enhance true self-knowledge are discussed. We then outline promising avenues for future research that include attempts to investigate the prevalence of self-alienation in clinical populations, and the effectiveness of strategies aimed at enhancing perceived true self-knowledge among clients experiencing stuckness.
Redemptive Stories and Those Who Tell Them are Preferred in the U.S
Authors: McLean Kate C. , Delker Brianna C. , Dunlop William L. , Salton Rowan , Syed Moin
Published: August 2020

The present studies examined the common, but untested, theoretical assumption that those in the United States prefer negative past experiences, such as trauma, to be redeemed, to be resolved in some positive or growth-promoting fashion. Narratives of six types of traumatic events were rated by U.S adults (n = 1872) across six samples and two studies. Confirming pre-registered hypotheses, there was a reliable preference for stories that were redeemed compared to stories that ended negatively, as well as for the narrators of redemptive stories, who were judged as likable and to have desirable personality traits. There was no support for the hypothesis that redemptive stories would be viewed as more common than non-redemptive stories, or that the relation between story type and preference would be mediated by Belief in a Just World. Implications include the compulsory nature of storying trauma and potential risks of these cultural expectations.
History, Ideology, and Human Rights
Authors: DiFilippo Anthony
Published: August 2020

This article will analyze the connection between history, countervailing ideologies, that is, the legacy of the Cold War, and the perceived identification of human rights violations as they pertain to countries with major security interests in Northeast Asia. This article will further show that the enduring nuclear-weapons problem in North Korea has been inextricably linked to human rights issues there, specifically because Washington wants to change the behavior of officials in Pyongyang so that the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) becomes a state that at least remotely resembles a liberal democracy. Although supported by much of the international community, including the United States' South Korean and Japanese allies in Northeast Asia, Washington's North Korean policy has remained ineffective, as Pyongyang has continued to perform missile testing and still possesses nuclear weapons.
Trends in Socioeconomic Health Inequalities in Kazakhstan
Authors: Spankulova Lazat , Karatayev Marat , Clarke Michèle L.
Published: August 2020

According to the relative income hypothesis, the health status of a population is determined by its horizontal social and financial conditions, both mutually interrelated factors. As a former republic of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan is a particularly interesting case in which to explore the impact of health-related inequalities due to economic, sociodemographic, and institutional changes experienced as the country transitioned to independent status. The goal of this article is to examine the degree to which commonly-used socioeconomic determinants (education, income, living conditions, marital status, occupation) are associated with health inequalities in Kazakhstan. We found significant differences in the health status characteristics among the population. Poor health was found to be significantly associated with living conditions and income level. This article will assist policy makers in developing and improving existing social and health policies to address the apparent lack of health-related equity in Kazakhstan.
Electoral System Incentives for a Party-Serving Personal Vote
Authors: Popescu Marina , Chiru Mihail
Published: August 2020

Candidate-centric campaigns are most likely to occur when electoral system incentives to personalize do not conflict with party-based incentives. Then it makes sense for candidates to use any campaign mean to improve their chances to win a seat while also helping the party win more seats and increasing their standing within the organization. The Romanian electoral system uniquely combined mechanisms that enabled all three motivations for almost all candidates. Our analysis of the degree and determinants of personalization in the 2012 parliamentary elections illustrates that electoral system incentives were key factors driving campaign personalization as a party-congruent rather than adversarial campaign strategy.
“A Good Communist Style”
Authors: Hartono M. Paulina
Published: August 2020

This essay focuses on the history and politicization of radio announcers’ vocal delivery in China during the mid-twentieth century. It explores how Chinese Communist Party leaders used internal party debates, national policies, and broadcasting training to construct an ideal Communist voice whose qualities would ostensibly communicate party loyalty and serve as a sonic representation of political authority.
Random Synchronous Asynchronous PSO – A Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm with a New Iteration Strategy
Authors: Ab. Aziz Nor Azlina , Abd Aziz Nor Hidayati , Ab Rahman Tasiransurini , Mokhtar Norrima , Mubin Marizan
Published: August 2020

Particle swarm optimisation (PSO) is a population-based stochastic optimisation algorithm. Traditionally the particles update sequence for PSO can be categorized into two groups, synchronous (S-PSO) or asynchronous (A-PSO) update. In S-PSO, the particles’ performances are evaluated before their velocity and position are updated, while in A-PSO, each particle’s velocity and position is updated immediately after individual performance is evaluated. In another study, a random asynchronous PSO (RA-PSO) has been proposed. In RA-PSO, particles are randomly chosen to be updated asynchronously, the randomness improves swarm’s exploration. RA-PSO belongs to the asynchronous group. In this paper, a new category; hybrid update sequence is proposed. The new update sequence exploits the advantages of synchronous, asynchronous, and random update methods. The proposed sequence is termed as, random synchronous-asynchronous PSO (RSA-PSO). RSA-PSO divides the particles into groups. The groups are subjected to random asynchronous update, while the particles within a chosen group are updated synchronously. The performance of RSA-PSO is compared with the existing S-PSO, A-PSO, and RA-PSO using CEC2014’s benchmark functions. The results show that RSA-PSO is superior to both A-PSO and RA-PSO, and as good as S-PSO
Culture and ELT: Cambodian teachers' perception and practice of textbook adaptation to realize intercultural awareness
Authors: Nhem Davut
Published: August 2020

Currently, it is recognized that language and culture go hand in hand, which means that when we teach a language, we also teach the culture of that language or other languages that appear in the textbooks being used. This wide recognition of the vital role of culture in the second language teaching has presented challenges for EFL teachers in various contexts. This article reports a qualitative study on three Cambodian teachers of English at one school in Phnom Penh. The study aims to investigate EFL teachers’ views and practices of textbook adaptation, as well as how they adapt textbooks to help students develop intercultural awareness in the ELT. To achieve these objectives, the qualitative data obtained from individual interviews, classroom observations, and teaching materials were engaged to shed light on the backdrop of the textbook adaptation and cultural integration in the ELT classroom. The findings in this study reveal an inconsistency between teachers’ views and practices about the textbook adaptation and the teachers’ limited capacity of interculturality-stimulated scholarship that is inherently tied to the development of cultural activities in the ELT classroom. This study suggests teacher training on the textbook adaptation and teaching culture should be provided to the teachers in the context and beyond.
Examining The Excess Cash Holdings As An Indicator of Agency Problems
Authors: Hendrawaty Ernie
Published: August 2020

This research aims to examine the implications of excess cash holdings on firm value based on agency theory. Data were obtained from a total sample of 1828 non-financial public companies in Indonesia, with 672 exceeding normal cash holdings using the panel regression techniques. The result showed that excess cash holdings have a negative effect on the firm value which is stronger for more concentrated ownership, for more dispersed ownership and for more financially difficult firms. Overall the empirical finding showed that excess cash holdings acts as a significant indicator of agency problems.
Voluntary Reporting, Sustainable Reporting and Transition Economy
Authors: Masum Mofijul Hoq , Latiff Ahmed Razman Abdul , Osman Mohammad Noor Hisham
Published: August 2020

This concept paper aims at exploring the interrelationship among the corporate voluntary reporting, the corporate sustainable reporting and the transition economy from the literatures and frameworks. At this juncture, transition economy refers the economy especially, the transformation of least developing economy to the developing economy as per the criteria of United Nations. Thus, the context of Bangladesh has been used as a ground for the study. The study explores the affiliation among corporate voluntary reporting, corporate sustainable reporting and transition economy from their respective literature and frameworks. From the literature of the corporate voluntary reporting, various dimensions of corporate disclosures have been considered, while the dimensions of sustainability reporting have been considered as per the consolidated set of global reporting index, published by Global Sustainability Standards Boards. In addition, components of transition economy have been considered on the basis of the guideline of the United Nations Economic and Social Council. The similitudes of these three concepts and their consequences are determined on the basis of the literature and frameworks. It is found that the core concepts of corporate voluntary reporting, corporate sustainable reporting and the transition economy are similar, and they are intermingled to each other. We have found that the dimensions of corporate voluntary reporting are the initiation of sustainability reporting that leads a transition economy to gain its status of being a developing economy. The findings of the study imply that the transition economy like Bangladesh has to put more focus on corporate engagement in transforming its economy to the developing economy. As the developing economy is based on trade rather than aid, the government of the country should design their corporate strategies and policies in such a way that leads the country to have a sustainable development. In addition, the findings may also encourage the corporate people to disclose more information regarding sustainability issues. Moreover, the findings may assist the United Nation to consider and reconsider their criteria of graduating any country from one level of economy to another. Finally, the findings can also open the avenue to the academicians to explore the extent of corporate reporting on transition economy.
Pendekatan Permainan Outbound Sirkuit Game Dalam Meningkatkan Kematangan Emosional Dan Spitual Melalui Pembelajaran Penjas Pada Siswa Smp N 1 Sumowono
Authors: Pratama Naufal Yoga , Hudah Maftukin
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAK

Outbound sirkuit game merupakan salah satu bentuk pembelajaran olahraga di alam terbuka untuk mengembangkan bakat dan minat siswa melalui permainan.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kematangan emosional dan spiritual melalui pembelajaran aktivitas outbound.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan desain penelitian one group pretest-posttest design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIIID SMP N 1 Sumowono dengan jumlah 30 siswa. Sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah 20 siswa. Intsrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah melalui angket permainan outbound. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji-t melalui uji prasyarat uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas.

Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan  bahwa  pada  siklus  I  rata-rata  persentase kematangan emosional dan spritual anak adalah 67,13% berada pada katagori rendah, sedangkan terjadi peningkatan pada siklus II menjadi 88,54% dengan katagori sedang, hal tersebut menandakan bahwa terdapat peningkatan rata- rata persentase kematangan emosional dan spiritual anak kelas VIIID sebesar  21,41%. Jadi penerapan metode outbound sirkuit game dapat meningkatkan kematangan emosional dan spiritual anak kelas VIIID semester II tahun pelajaran  2019/2020.

 

Kata kunci : Permainan outbound sirkuit game, Kematangan Emosional, Spiritual
The Effect of Circuit Training ond Speed, Agility and Endurance on UKM Futsal Male Players in Universitas PGRI Semarang
Authors: Muzaki Reiza , Maliki Osa , Kusuma Bertika
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian one group pretest-posttest design. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah UKM futsal putra Universitas PGRI Semarang dengan jumlah 15 pemain, diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes kecepatan menggunakan sprint 30 meter, kelincahan menggunakan illinois agility run test dan daya tahan menggunakan multistage fitness test. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji-t melalui uji prasyarat uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas. Hasil penelitian pretest dan postest dengan uji beda (t-tes) menunjukan kecepatan diperoleh nilai  t-hitung (10,379) > t-tabel (2,145), kelincahan diperoleh nilai t-hitung (5,162) > t-tabel (2,145) dan daya tahan diperoleh nilai nilai t-hitung (14,008) > t-tabel (2,145) sehingga hipotesis diterima dengan taraf signifikansi 0,00 < 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa 1) Ada pengaruh latihan sirkuit terhadap kecepatan pemain UKM futsal putra di Universitas PGRI Semarang. 2) Ada pengaruh latihan sirkuit terhadap kelincahan pemain UKM futsal putra di Universitas PGRI Semarang. 3) Ada pengaruh latihan sirkuit terhadap daya tahan pemain UKM futsal putra di Universitas PGRI Semarang
Palabra escrita, espacio público y política en Clorinda Matto de Turner
Authors: Mannarelli María Emma , Velásquez David
Published: August 2020

El presente artículo aborda la participación pública y política de Clorinda Matto de Turner desde la palabra escrita en las postrimerías del Perú del siglo XIX. El analizar este personaje implica abordar las complejas y a veces contradictorias apuestas que los intelectuales peruanos —en este caso, una mujer— hicieron para alcanzar la modernidad en dicho período y las resistencias que los grupos conservadores impusieron a estas vanguardias letradas. Empleando sus novelas y artículos periodísticos, abordamos la trayectoria intelectual de Clorinda Matto en las décadas de 1880 y 1890, observando sus propuestas de modernización de la vida pública, en especial, sus planteamientos sobre la educación femenina, que le granjearon la oposición clerical y conservadora, y que terminaron motivando su participación en la vida política, desde la prensa, y finalmente su exilio.
Los estudios sobre el fenómeno de los cultivos ilícitos de coca en Colombia: una revisión desde los enfoques de la geografía
Authors: Gómez Cristian Yesid , Sastoque Tania Gisel , Mantilla Silvia Cristina
Published: August 2020

El artículo se basa en una revisión de la literatura académica resultado de 63 investigaciones realizadas desde múltiples disciplinas sobre el fenómeno de los cultivos ilícitos en Colombia, atendiendo a interpretaciones vinculadas con el marco disciplinar de la geografía. Se identificó una evolución epistémica de los análisis proyectada en tres vertientes que permiten leer desde esta perspectiva el fenómeno propuesto: 1. La aproximación tradicional a la geografía en su comprensión del espacio en lo concerniente a sus características naturales, 2. La aproximación a la geografía humana en perspectiva geoeconómica y 3. La aproximación a la geopolítica internacional desde un enfoque radical de la geografía. Se constata que el espacio como causa y efecto del fenómeno es un factor determinante que explica el surgimiento y asentamiento de la producción y tráfico de cultivos ilegales en Colombia.
Sin zanahoria y con garrote: prevalencia del castigo en el diseño institucional de los programas de formalización para sustituir cultivos de uso ilícito en Colombia
Authors: Peña Huertas Rocío del Pilar , López Castro Yira , Valencia Herrera Milton Alberto , Triana Ancinez Bryan , Lozano Varcárcel Alfonso Javier
Published: August 2020

Los programas de formalización de la propiedad creados como instrumento para la sustitución de cultivos de uso ilícito se sustentan en el supuesto de que existe una relación entre la seguridad de los derechos de propiedad de los campesinos y la disminución en las áreas que se utilizan para la siembra de cultivos de uso ilícito (incentivo positivo). Esto, por un lado, porque la propiedad conlleva el acceso a bienes públicos y recursos privados, ventajas que se obtienen solo cuando se tiene el dominio sobre un predio. Por otro, la política contiene incentivos negativos, los nuevos propietarios tienen poderosos motivos para no resembrar, puesto que hacerlo implicaría la aplicación de la extinción del dominio. En este artículo mostramos, desde el análisis institucional, que las ventajas de la formalización no son una consecuencia necesaria e inmediata de la titularidad del derecho de dominio, y que, por el contrario, la extinción del dominio sí tiene la potencialidad de ocurrir y de agravar la situación de la población vulnerable, la cual, sin la adecuada dotación de bienes, no podría cumplir por sí misma los compromisos de la formalización.
Reconocimiento del derecho al matrimonio igualitario en Argentina
Authors: Botero Urquijo Diego Alejandro
Published: August 2020

Tras una década de la regulación del matrimonio igualitario en Argentina, primer país en América Latina en llevarla a cabo, este texto presenta una reconstrucción de la trayectoria de los movimientos sociales por la diversidad sexual en Argentina en su lucha por la reivindicación de derechos que en el año 2010 desembocó en el reconocimiento del matrimonio igualitario. Se muestran las diferentes etapas de movilización social desde las oportunidades políticas que permitieron el reconocimiento de derechos para las minorías sexuales, con el objetivo de señalar los elementos que fueron necesarios para el logro del reconocimiento del matrimonio entre parejas del mismo sexo.
Movimientos sociales: el papel de las emociones y los derechos humanos en la transformación del derecho local e internacional
Authors: Suesca Carreño María Fernanda , Romo Muñoz Lorena , Ibarra Padilla Adelaida María
Published: August 2020

La teoría de los nuevos movimientos sociales brinda herramientas analíticas para comprender cómo se manifiestan las emociones en los movimientos sociales (MS), y cómo se activan como posibilidades transformadoras de las realidades y contextos en los que estos se dinamizan. Este artículo aporta a la discusión sobre los MS enfatizando en el rol de las emociones como catalizadores de cambios y transformaciones, especialmente con respecto a los Derechos Humanos (DDHH). Para esto, a través de un análisis de fuentes teóricas se examinan las relaciones de interdependencia entre los MS, las emociones y el derecho. El artículo argumenta que los DDHH y las emociones son recursos que emplean los MS que facilitan su acción transformadora en la esfera local en tanto promueven un cambio de abajo hacia arriba y a nivel internacional lo que permiten generar una mayor sincronía social.
Democracia: ¿consenso o conflicto?
Authors: Anrup Roland
Published: August 2020

La democracia implica necesariamente conflicto. En el caso colombiano, se trata de un diferendo, un conflicto entre posiciones en el cual todo consenso traiciona las reivindicaciones originales de, al menos, una de las partes. La desproporción, desigualdad o distorsión no se zanja por medio de un acuerdo. Una versión secularizada del “sacramento del perdón y la reconciliación” se presenta ahora como una virtud política. Sin embargo, la proyección del diferendo en consenso y reconciliación, en acuerdo y armonía, siempre será engañosa. La democracia es un espacio político que se resiste a una narrativa de la reconciliación. El texto discute, en el contexto contemporáneo colombiano, los conceptos de “democracia” “reconciliación” y “diferendo”, critica la unicidad de nociones como “pueblo” y “nación”, y problematiza la supuesta dicotomía entre “guerra” y “paz”.
Efficacy of Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Conjugate Vaccine (13-valent, Adsorbed) in Patients with Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Treated with Genetically Engineered Biologic Drugs (Tocilizumab or Canakinumab): Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Alexeeva Ekaterina I. , Vankova Dariya D. , Dvoryakovskaya Tatyana M. , Isaeva Ksenia B. , Denisova Rina V. , Mamutova Anna V. , Chomakhidze Aleksandra M. , Radygina Tatyana V. , Zubkova Irina V. , Tkachenko Natalia E. , Fetisova Anna N. , Lomakina Olga L. , Orlova Yanina O. , Kurdup Mariya K. , Gautier Marina S. , Krekhova Elizaveta A. , Shingarova Meyri S. , Galkina Olga P.
Published: August 2020

Background. Immunological potency of 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV-13) in children with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) is still unstudied. Estimates of the genetically engineered biologic drugs (GEBD) effects on pneumococcal vaccination results also remain controversial.

Objective. The aim of the study was to explore the PCV-13 efficacy in patients with SJIA and who is on treatment with monoclonal antibodies against interleukin 6 receptor (tocilizumab) and interleukin 8 receptor beta (canakinumab).

Methods. The study included patients under the age of 18 with SJIA in remission or active form of disease vaccinated with PCV-13. The vaccine was administered in single dose of 0.5 ml intramuscularly in patients on treatment with GEBD or 3 weeks before GEBD administration for the first time (for patients with active disease). Vaccination was considered effective at achievement of the minimum protective level of antibodies to capsular polysaccharide of pneumococcus (anti-SPP IgG; ≥ 7 U/ml) or increase of anti-SPP IgG level ≥ 2 times in 4 weeks after vaccination. The anti-SPP IgG levels were measured with enzyme immunoassay.

Results. The study included 53 patients (27 girls) in remission of SJIA and 25 (16 girls) in active disease. Median age was 13.3 and 10.8 years respectively. Tocilizumab/canakinumab was administrated in 43/10 and 18/7 patients respectively. Minimum significant anti-SPP IgG level and two-fold increase in anti-SPP IgG level were recorded in 49/53 (92%) and 32/53 (60%) patients with SJIA in remission, as well as in 22/25 (88%) and 18/25 (72%) patients in active disease respectively. PCV-13 immunological potency in patients with SJIA in remission and in active disease (in those who were initially administrated and who did not receive GEBD) did not differ.

Conclusion. PCV-13 vaccination allows to achieve protective antibodies level in most of the patients with SJIA in children population regardless of the disease stage and the history of GEBD administration.
Evolution of Mixed Connective Tissue Disease in 7 Years Old Child: Clinical Case
Authors: Makarova Tamara P. , Vakhitov Khakim M. , Sabirova Dina R. , Sadykova Dinara I. , Khusnutdinova Liliya R. , Firsova Natalya N. , Kucheryavaya Anna A.
Published: August 2020

Background. Mixed connective tissue disease (Sharp syndrome) is the rare chronic autoimmune pathology combining various features of systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, dermatomyositis and high antibody titer to nuclear ribonucleoprotein. The mixed connective tissue disease may evolve into other systemic diseases over time. Description of any cases of mixed connective tissue disease and its evolution in Russian patients has not been published previously.

Clinical Case Description. The results of observations of the child with clinical and immunological signs of the mixed connective tissue disease followed by the progression of systemic scleroderma symptoms and development of Sjogren's syndrome in the short period of time are presented in the article. Improvement (such as pain attenuation, increase in volume of movements in affected joints, decrease of Raynaud syndrome manifestations duration) was observed on treatment (methotrexate 10 mg/week with subsequent addition of prednisolone 0.75 mg/kg/day).

Conclusion. Timely diagnostics of clinical signs of the systemic diseases debut is crucial for correct patient routing and for achieving of disease improvement.
Estudio comparativo del sistema pensional Chile – Colombia. Modelos pensionales, tipos de pensión y desafíos
Authors: Acuña Páez Jeniffer Carolina , Suarez Macías Sandra Milena
Published: August 2020

Los sistemas de seguridad social en un país están generados para buscar una cobertura social al llegar a la edad de pensión, sin embargo, en algunos casos no se ha logrado cumplir con las expectativas de cobertura y el acceso a las prestaciones económicas manteniendo una sostenibilidad en el tiempo.
Por medio del presente artículo, se busca realizar una comparación entre los modelos pensionales de Colombia y Chile presentando las diferencias más relevantes entre los fondos privados y el sistema público, analizando los puntos a favor de cada sistema y los desafíos que enfrenta cada país. Parte de los argumentos que se presentan corresponden a las inquietudes que se generan al hacer un estudio sobre la viabilidad pensional en la población adulta de los países objeto de estudio.
Análisis prospectivo de la industria de desarrollo de software en Colombia
Authors: Piña Taborda Jessica , Castaño Ospina Diana Marcela , Hernández Díaz Leonardo Enrique , Garro Torres Juan David
Published: August 2020

El propósito de esta investigación es identificar estrategias encaminadas a fortalecer la industria de desarrollo de software en Colombia; para lograr eso se utilizó el método francés de Michael Godet del análisis estructural prospectivo, y así se obtuvo una serie de tendencias con sus respectivas variables y comportamientos de las cuales se analizan el top 10 de mayor impacto. De este análisis se encontró que las empresas colombianas poseen la ventaja de ser veloces, agiles y eficientes para atender los rápidos, constantes y críticos cambios en todo el ciclo de vida del software. 
Comparison of factors associated with leukemia and lymphoma mortality in Brazil
Authors: Gouveia Marcela de Sá , Batista Jessica Keyla Matos , Passos Taciana Silveira , Prado Beatriz Santana , Siqueira Carlos Eduardo , Almeida-Santos Marcos Antonio
Published: August 2020

Abstract: In the last decades, few epidemiological studies have discussed the mortality rates due to leukemia and lymphoma in Brazil. This study analyzes the evolution over time of the number of deaths due to leukemia and lymphoma in Brazil, between 2010 and 2016, considering the population’s characteristics and spatial distribution. This is a retrospective epidemiological study based on data obtained in the Brazilian Health Informatics Department (DATASUS), associated with the quantitative population. We created choropleth maps and predictive models of mortality rates, using the incidence rate ratio (IRR) to measure the size of the effect. Leukemia had a 1.76 higher mortality rate than lymphoma. Leukemia mortality trends increased by 1.2% per year between 2010 and 2016. Regions with the lowest social inequality had higher mortality rates for both diseases. There was a difference between peaks with higher chances of death due to leukemia (> 60 years) and lymphoma (> 70 years). Older age, male, white, and South and Southeast regions were associated with higher mortality by leukemia or lymphoma.
Participação comunitária no enfretamento da COVID-19: entre o utilitarismo e a justiça social
Authors: Bispo Júnior José Patrício , Morais Marciglei Brito
Published: August 2020

O presente ensaio objetivou discutir os fundamentos e possibilidades da participação comunitária para o enfrentamento da COVID-19. Na primeira parte, são discutidos os sentidos de comunidade definidos por critérios geográficos, de agregação de interesses ou epidemiológicos. No contexto da pandemia, reflete-se que nenhuma das três perspectivas podem ser consideradas isoladamente. Foi discutida a necessidade de articulação das diferentes abordagens a fim de se prover intervenções sanitárias socialmente contextualizadas. Em seguida, são apresentados os quatro principais modelos teóricos presentes na literatura internacional que fundamentam as práticas de participação comunitária em diversos países. Para a análise da participação comunitária no contexto da COVID-19 foi utilizada a sistematização conceitual fundamentada em duas metanarrativas: a utilitarista e a da justiça social. A perspectiva utilitarista envolve ações direcionadas às medidas de restrição do contato social. Nesse sentido, a participação é entendida como colaboração na execução de ações que contribuam para o controle do agravo. A perspectiva da justiça social aborda sobretudo os determinantes sociais da saúde e a redução das desigualdades sociais. Trata-se de abordagem voltada ao empoderamento comunitário e à busca de soluções para os problemas sociais e econômicos determinantes da disseminação da COVID-19 e de outras doenças. Conclui-se sobre as peculiaridades e a importância de cada uma das abordagens. A participação comunitária no enfrentamento da COVID-19 deve considerar os contextos emergencial, de fortalecimento do sistema de saúde e de defesa do sistema de proteção social e da democracia.
Are ants attracted to herbivorized leaves of Caryocar brasiliense Camb. (Caryocaraceae)?
Authors: Magalhães Verônica Bernardino de S. , Ferro Viviane Gianluppi
Published: August 2020

Abstract Different profiles of secondary compounds are released by plants after herbivore attack. Many of these compounds are used by predators and parasitoids to locate herbivores that are damaging leaves. Such an induced indirect defense was tested with the Caryocar brasiliense-ant system in the dry season, when C. brasiliense has old leaves, and in the rainy season, when C. brasiliense has new leaves. A total of 20 plants were analyzed per season. Two opposite leaves of the same branch were selected for each plant. Approximately 40% of the area of one leaf was removed (treatment leaf) while the other leaf remained intact (control). The number of ants that visited each leaf was counted simultaneously for a period of 15 minutes and the mean difference in ant number was tested by paired t-test. The mean number of ants differed significantly between treatment and control only in the rainy season (t = 3.004, df = 19, p = 0.007). This finding suggests the presence of induced defense in this system only when the leaves are young. The study supports the Optimal Defense Theory since young leaves of C. brasiliense with artificial damage attracted significantly more ants than leaves without damage and represents the first evidence of an induced defense mechanism in the C. brasiliense-ant system.
Urban Ecosystem Services: Carbon Fixation in the Permanent Preservation Areas of Campinas - SP
Authors: Ruschel Rodrigo Semeria , Demanboro Antônio Carlos
Published: August 2020

Abstract This paper presents the potential of carbon fxation and the provision of ecosystem services from the Permanent Preservation Areas of the watercourses of Campinas-SP, with the objective of calculating the carbon abatement cost and comparing it with the marketable value of carbon credits. Study methodology used allometric equations to calculate above ground dry biomass. It was found that credits sales would cover up to 46% of project implementation costs. In addition to carbon fixation, the recovery of watercourse PPAs provides additional ecosystem services, which in a cost-benefit analysis of projects represent most of the total benefits. It was concluded that the inclusion of additional benefits proved to be fundamental in making the recovery of PPAs economically viable, generating revenue of US $44 million, which corresponds to 98% of project implementation cost.
Risk perception of populations in Northeastern Brazil about domestic sewage treatment and reuse
Authors: Ferreira Douglisnilson de Morais , Navoni Julio Alejandro , Araújo André Luis Calado , Amaral Viviane Souza do
Published: August 2020

Abstract The reuse is a growing practice in Brazil, given its relevance in minimizing the water scarcity. However, the environmental consequences and its sustainability have not been completely elucidated, being the risk perception analysis a starting point for understanding such concerns. In this perspective, the aim of this study was to evaluate the operation of Sewage Treatment Plants, the applicability of sewage reuse, and its influence on the quality of life of the population of Parelhas and Pedro Velho, counties of the semiarid and northeastern coast, respectively. From the results, it was found a great rejection in the operation of the stations, associated with the impacts produced such as odor and proliferation of mosquitoes, which imply economic, social and public health problems. Regarding reuse, acceptance is predominant for irrigation of crops for human and animal use. We emphasize the need for further research to diagnose the environmental risks arising from this activity.
SOCIETY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: Animal rights in sustainability discourse
Authors: Nista Natália Anseloni , Jannuzzi Celeste Aída Sirotheau Corrêa , Falsarella Orandi Mina , Benedicto Samuel Carvalho De
Published: August 2020

Abstract The aim of this research is to verify the approach to the issue of animals and their rights adopted in events on sustainable development with global repercussions promoted by the United Nations Organization, in order to characterize the perspective and comprehensiveness of animal rights awareness. It expounds on lines of philosophical thinking regarding animals and their rights and how they are inserted in the discussion of sustainable development and sustainability. It is a qualitative research of an exploratory nature and its development is defined by a survey of United Nations documents. The results show a chronological sequence of initial concern with animal habitat, subsequently increased by the concern with animals in extinction and, more recently, the broadening of the perspective towards animals in general and in different contexts, ergo a more conscious approach to animal rights.
Ecosystem-based Adaptation in Ecuador: Good Practices for Adaptive Co-Management
Authors: Ariza-Montobbio Pere , Cuvi Nicolás
Published: August 2020

Abstract Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) requires social learning and linkages between actors and levels under Adaptive Co-Management (ACM), especially in landscapes with high biodiversity and vulnerability, such as the Tropical Andes. Methodology: A multicriteria methodology was designed and applied to identify, characterize, select and evaluate the ACM and the constraining and enabling conditions for its effectiveness in EbA actions implemented between 2011 and 2015. Results: 1. The integration of conservation, restoration and sustainable production, and linkage among institutions and sectors through local leadership, enable knowledge coproduction, social learning and innovation. 2. Governance and planning based on a landscape approach, and acknowledgment of the diversity of contexts, promote dialogue, cooperation and institutional innovation. 3. Economic alternatives in production, marketing and local markets, as well as complete and adequate technology transfers, stable and planned funding and monitoring, promote sustainability.
O feminismo no jornalismo *
Authors: Sarmento Rayza
Published: August 2020

Resumo Este trabalho investiga como foi construído o sujeito do feminismo no jornalismo brasileiro. Os debates sobre sujeito são hoje uma das dimensões fundamentais da teoria política feminista. Neste paper, a análise empírica se concentra em 579 textos publicados no jornal Folha de São Paulo, entre os anos de 1921 e 2016. No primeiro momento (1921 a 1959), observamos que os enquadramentos sobre o sujeito se alternavam na construção da feminista desviante e da feminista aceitável. No segundo momento (1960 a 1989), o quadro da feminista desviante permanece junto de uma ideia mais forte da organização política, a feminista organizada. No terceiro momento (1990 a 2016), novamente, a manutenção do sujeito feminismo como desviante e uma nova ênfase na dimensão individual do ativismo.
Participação feminina na pesquisa sobre tecnologia da informação no Brasil: grupos de pesquisa e produção científica de teses e dissertações*
Authors: Oliveira Jussara Ribeiro de , Mello Lívia Coelho , Rigolin Camila Carneiro Dias
Published: August 2020

Resumo Este trabalho mapeou a natureza da participação feminina na pesquisa sobre tecnologia da infirmação (TI) no Brasil, sob duas perspectivas: a presença de mulheres nos grupos de pesquisa cadastrados e certificados no Diretório dos Grupos de Pesquisa do CNPq e na produção científica de teses e dissertações depositadas na Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do IBICT. Os resultados retratam a configuração dos grupos de pesquisa e da produção científica de tese e dissertações no campo de TI, no Brasil, além de gerar indicadores que confirmam a concentração de mulheres em áreas de conhecimento ditas feminizadas, além de sugerirem a ocorrência de barreiras à sua ascensão hierárquica.
Emoção e Masculinidade no Universo do Futebol no Brasil*
Authors: Rios Fábio Daniel da Silva , Coelho Maria Claudia Pereira
Published: August 2020

Resumo Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir a relação entre emoções e masculinidade no universo do futebol brasileiro, com foco no descontrole emocional masculino presente nas experiências de torcedores. A metodologia utilizada foi a entrevista em profundidade, realizada com dez torcedores de clubes do Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados sugerem que o predomínio desse padrão emotivo aponta para a articulação da masculinidade, no contexto do futebol, a uma sensibilidade definida no Ocidente moderno como um atributo feminino, problematizando assim a associação entre feminino, descontrole emocional e perigo.
Victimización y sobrevivencia de mujeres y hombres considerados homosexuales en el marco del conflicto armado en Colombia*
Authors: Giraldo-Aguirre Sebastián
Published: August 2020

Resumen El objetivo del artículo es presentar los procesos de victimización y sobrevivencia de mujeres y hombres considerados homosexuales en el marco del conflicto armado en el departamento de Caldas, Colombia. En términos metodológicos, la investigación se planteó desde una perspectiva de memoria histórica, la cual establece una centralidad del testimonio de las víctimas y de los diferentes relatos que se tejen alrededor de ellas. En general, se revela que la guerra impone un orden de género y sexual que tiene profundas repercusiones en los cuerpos y en el porvenir de las víctimas.
PEDIATRICIANS AFTER RESIDENCY: A SURVEY OF PERSONAL/PROFESSIONAL DATA AND ISSUES
Authors: Silva Clovis Artur , Trindade Vitor Cavalcanti , Abel Roberta Capretz D’Oliveira , Silva Marcelo Oliveira , Santos João Fernando Vecchi , Koch Vera Hermina Kalika , Ferrer Ana Paula Scoleze , Brentani Alexandra , Odone-Filho Vicente , Tannuri Uenis , Carvalho Werther Brunow , Carneiro-Sampaio Magda , Grisi Sandra Josefina Ferraz Ellero
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess personal, professional, medical, and scientific educational characteristics and issues reported by pediatricians. Methods: Cross-sectional study based on an online survey including 614 pediatricians who graduated in the last 15 years at a University Pediatric Department in Brazil. Results: The response rate was 331/614(54%). The majority were females (82%), the median age was 33 years (27-40) and median years of pediatric practice was 5 (1-13). High workload (>60 hours/week) occurred in 25% and 47% earned ≥15 minimum wages/month. The most work-related issues reported were long working hours, poor social life and a sedentary lifestyle (>50%). Pediatricians were further divided into two groups, according to years of pediatric clinical practice: group 1 (≤5 years) and group 2 (>5 years). The median of overall satisfaction with pediatric residency [8(0-10) vs. 9 (4-10); p=0.002] was significantly reduced in group 1. The frequencies of workload >60 hours, work on pediatric ward and pediatric intensive care were significantly higher in the first group (p<0.05). Regarding main issues related to clinical practice in the last year, long working hours (73 vs. 53%; p<0.001), poor social life (75 vs. 62%; p=0.018) and harassment (23 vs. 4%; p=0.003) were significantly higher in the first group. Conclusions: Very early career pediatricians (≤5 years) reported higher workload, lower income, work-related issues and different location of pediatric practice compared to early career pediatricians (>5 years). The overall satisfaction with pediatric residency was good, however, reduced in very early career pediatricians.
Libros en juego: bibliotecas populares y público infantil en el sudoeste bonaerense (Argentina, 1880-1930)
Authors: Agesta María de las Nieves
Published: August 2020

RESUMEN El presente artículo analiza dos bibliotecas populares del sudoeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina) -la Bernardino Rivadavia de Bahía Blanca fundada en 1882 y la Domingo F. Sarmiento de Tres Arroyos inaugurada en 1899- y la creación de sus respectivas secciones infantiles en 1925 y 1928, en articulación con el fenómeno de expansión de la educación pública y de la formación de un público infantil en la provincia. A fines de los años veinte es posible constatar allí un proceso de diversificación y de ampliación de los grupos lectores que fue producto y, a la vez, incentivo para la labor de las bibliotecas y sus transformaciones. Estas instituciones introdujeron modificaciones a fin de responder a la creciente demanda y pretendieron, no sin conflictos, asumir un rol activo en la configuración del nuevo lectorado, tanto mediante la regulación de los comportamientos y de los espacios de lectura como de la experiencia y los gustos de los usuarios.