bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rancang Bangun Alat Monitoring dan Pengontrol Nilai Tahanan Tanah Berbasis Mikrokontroller Arduino Uno
Authors: Suganda Wahyu , Pathoni Haerul , Fuady Samratul
Published: November 2022

Sistem pentanahan berperan penting untuk mengamankan suatu peralatan, sistem kelistrikan, manusia, maupun lingkungan disekitarnya dari lonjakan tegangan yang berlebih dengan mengalirkan arus listriknya ke dalam tanah sebagai titik netralnya. Sesuai PUIL 2000, tahanan jenis tanah harus lebih kecil dari 5 ohm agar arus listrik dapat mengalir. Namun, dari hasil pengukuran nilai tahanan tanah di lapangan, kebanyakan didapati nilai tahanan tanah yang lebih besar dari 5 ohm. Hal ini membuat sistem pentanahan untuk memproteksi sistem kelistrikan menjadi tidak efektif. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan sistem pemantauan dan pengendalian nilai tahanan tanah secara otomatis. Sistem yang dibuat terdiri dari mikrokontroller arduino uno, sensor arus, tegangan, dan ultrasonik, serta aktuator berupa solenoid valve. Dengan menggunakan sistem yang dibuat, nilai tahanan tanah dapat dijaga pada rentang yang diinginkan dengan penambahan zat aditif secara otomatis. Sistem juga mampu memberikan notifikasi kepada operator berupa sms jika jumlah zat aditif sudah sedikit.
Analisis Pengaruh Ukuran Partikel Sampah Organik Terhadap Waktu Pengomposan Dengan Metode Komposter Semi Anaerob
Authors: Fitrada Wathri , Irawan Andi , Gusnedi Andri
Published: November 2022

Sampah organik sejenis sampah rumah tangga belum dimanfaatkan dengan baik, sehingga dapat mencemari lingkungan. Sampah organik yang tidak dikelola dalam rentang waktu 2-3 hari dapat menyebabkan bau dan air lindi. Pengolahan sampah organik menggunakan komposter membutuhkan ukuran tertentu untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pembuatan kompos. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji perbedaan waktu pembuatan kompos dengan variasi ukuran sampah organik yang berbeda. Kompos dibuat menggunakan komposter semi anaerob. Kompos diuji berdasarkan kriteria kompos organik sesuai dengan SNI 19-7030-2004. Komposter yang dirancang memiliki kapasitas 25 L. EM4 ditambahkan untuk mempercepat proses pembuatan kompos. Proses pengomposan yang dilakukan dengan variasi ukuran partikel yaitu, bubur, 2 cm, 4 cm, 6 cm dan 8 cm. Pada penelitian ini tingkat kematangan kompos semakin cepat dengan semakin kecilnya ukuran sampah yang diproses. Sampel dengan ukuran partikel bubur mencapai tingkat kematangan kompos pada hari ke-18. Sedangkan karakteristik kompos yang dihasilkan sudah memenuhi semua kriteria kompos organik yang diatur dalam SNI 19-7030-2004.
Perancangan Sistem Deteksi Objek Bola dengan Metode Coloring HSV Berbasis VB.Net untuk Robot Sepak Bola Beroda
Authors: Setiyani Atyka , Maison Maison , Fuady Samratul
Published: November 2022

Metode coloring HSV merupakan cara untuk memfilter warna obyek yang di deteksi dengan warna yang lain berdasarkan lingkup warna hue, saturation, dan value. Metode ini relatif sederhana dengan waktu pemrosesan yang cepat sehingga sangat cocok untuk diterapkan pada robot sepak bola untuk sistem deteksi objek, dalam hal ini adalah deteksi objek bola berwarna orange.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah merancang sistem pendeteksi  objek  bola  menggunakan  metode coloring HSV dan mengetahui performa  sistem  dalam  mendeteksi  objek  bola  dengan tingkat akurasi deteksi warna orange. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan hasil bahwa sistem yang dibangun dapat mendeteksi objek dengan  intensitas  cahaya  diatas 316 dan jarak objek dibawah 250 cm.
AHMAD IBRAHIM (1916-1999) DAN SUDIRMAN ARSHAD (1954-1992): IKON PERPADUAN NEGARA DALAM BIDANG PERUNDANGAN DAN SENI PERSEMBAHAN
Authors: Mohammad Hazim Shah Mohammad Hariz Shah , Buang Ahmad Hidayat
Published: November 2022

Abstract Ahmad Ibrahim was a prominent scholar in the legal arena, whereas Sudirman Arshad was a famous entertainer in the performing arts scene. Their presence was vital to forming and renewing the legal and entertainment landscapes in Malaysia. Their influence was evident in the 1970s and 1980s through the changes they introduced in their respective fields. Hence, this paper aimed to explore their background, thought processes, contributions, achievements, impact and legacy, and the point where their careers would converge. The study utilised a qualitative approach through a literary review of primary and secondary sources. Findings suggest that the thoughts and contributions of these two men left a significant impact on society, inter alia, Ahmad Ibrahim‟s efforts towards the harmonisation of syariah and civil laws while Sudirman Arshad united people from all walks of life in Malaysia through his works. Furthermore, their contributions were complementary in integrating and unifying the plural society in Malaysia, transcending different tribes, races and religions to live harmoniously and in solidarity. Keywords: Ahmad Ibrahim, Sudirman Arshad, Malaysia, icons, solidarity Abstrak Ahmad Ibrahim merupakan tokoh tersohor dalam bidang perundangan, manakala Sudirman Arshad pula merupakan penghibur terkenal dalam bidang seni persembahan. Kemunculan keduadua figura ini sangat penting kepada pembentukan dan pembaharuan landskap perundangan dan seni persembahan di Malaysia yang dinamik. Pengaruh figura ini dapat dilihat dengan jelas pada era 1970-an dan 1980-an melalui reformasi yang dilakukan dalam bidang masing-masing. Kajian ini membincangkan tentang latar belakang, pemikiran, sumbangan, pencapaian, impak, legasi dan titik temu antara kedua-dua tokoh ini. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui kaedah kepustakaan dan dokumentasi daripada pelbagai sumber primer serta sekunder. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa pemikiran dan sumbangan kedua-dua tokoh ini memberi impak yang signifikan dalam bidang perundangan dan seni persembahan kepada masyarakat. Tokoh Ahmad Ibrahim didapati telah melakukan pengharmonian antara undang-undang sivil dengan syariah dan Sudirman Arshad pula meninggalkan warisan yang tersendiri melalui pelbagai karya yang diketengahkan mencakupi segenap tema kehidupan masyarakat di Malaysia. Sumbangan kedua-dua tokoh ini dapat didapati saling melengkapi dalam mengintegrasi dan menyatupadukan masyarakat majmuk di Malaysia yang berbilang kaum, bangsa dan agama supaya dapat hidup dalam keadaan harmoni dan tidak terasing antara satu sama lain. Kata kunci: Ahmad Ibrahim, Sudirman Arshad, Malaysia, ikon perpaduan negara
Relações da prótese fixa com a periodontia
Authors: Rosat Antônio
Published: November 2022

São apresentadas as vantagens dos imobilisadores em prótese dentária. Descrevem-se os melhores tipos de retentores para os diferentes casos. Uma nova modalidade é sugerida na fundição dos retentores: o uso de revestimento de expansão térmica mas utilizando a técnica higroscópica. O emprego de cápsulas geriátricas é Iembrado como tratamento coadjuvante na recuperação dos casos tratados.
Estudo morfológico da junção amelodentinária e dos elementos celulares com ela relacionados
Authors: Louro Leopoldo Marques
Published: November 2022

Estuda-se a junção amelodentinária (JAD) em folículos de gatos de 2, 4 e 10 dias. Dá-se particular atenção ao aspecto morfológico da JAD e dos elementos celulares a ela, diretamente, relacionados, procurando identificar outras células, além dos ameloblastos e odontoblastos.
Adamantinoma
Authors: Chahér José , Ebling Hardy , Kac Aron L. , Barbachan J. Jorge , Kilian Egon A. , Quadros Onofre
Published: November 2022

Estudam-se dez casos de adamantinoma, considerando-se os seguintes fatores: idade, sexo, cor, localização, aspecto radiográfico, duração do tumor, tipo de cirurgia e recidiva. Destaca-se a importância do tipo de cirurgia no problema recidiva dos adamantinomas.
Histologia do aparelho dentário da lagartixa
Authors: Ebling Hardy
Published: November 2022

O autor estudou dentes de lagartixa, in situ, animal polifiodonto e de dentes anquilosados, procurando comparar com o humano.
Tumores mamários espontâneos no rato
Authors: Ebling Hardy , Wagner Edgar M.
Published: November 2022

O presente trabalho consta de uma revisão da literatura sobre tumores mamários espontâneos no rato, da descrição de dois casos observados em ratos Wistar e de um comentário sobre a importância que representa a ocorrência de tais tumores para o estudo experimental dos efeitos da terapia hormonal.
Programa piloto de higiene dentária escolar
Authors: Fossati G.
Published: November 2022

Este programa, elaborado após termos tido conhecimento real do problema — cárie dentária — na população escolar de Porto Alegre, visa sugerir alguns elementos para a satisfação das necessidades de tratamento preventivo e curativo da cárie dentária. O programa piloto de higiene dentária escolar, planejado para ser executado em uma area específica do município de Porto Alegre, apresenta características próprias e definidas e se desenvolverá em bases incrementais. Poderá servir como modelo de amplos programas de higiene escolar, e, principalmente como campo de treinamento e aperfeiçoamento de profissionais, os quais receberão orientação técnica e coordenação administrativa para a formação de equipes capazes de desenvolverem um programa de higiene dentária escolar.
Prótese buco-facial
Authors: Brandão G. Soares
Published: November 2022

É focalizado o evolver da matéria, face a multiplicidade de agentes agressivos ao homem na vida hodierna. Resultados das alterações somáticas e a repercussão psíquica. Finalidades e meios de recuperação dos lesados. Divisão e objetivos da especialidade e suas relações com a Cirurgia Buco-Maxilar. Este trabalho, na oportunidade, foi ilustrado e complementado com fotografias de casos clínicos de cada um dos setores especificamente.
Dentaduras imediatas sob o aspecto social e psicológico
Authors: Brito Elisabeth Dias Pereira
Published: November 2022

Este trabalho foi apresentado no Simpósio sobre Dentaduras Imediatas, durante o curso de Didática realizado pelo C.E.O.
Incidência de cistos em processos apicais
Authors: Quadros Onofre Francisco
Published: November 2022

Estudou-se, em cortes Seriados, 135 processos apicais para verificar a percentagem de cistos, que foi de 65,1%.
Turismo de naturaleza como alternativa sostenible de desarrollo territorial: Caso localidad de Usme en Bogotá – Colombia
Authors: López Rodríguez Alba Ligia , López Rodríguez Sergio Andrés
Published: November 2022

El presente libro es uno de los productos del proyecto de investigación “Modelo de turismo de naturaleza sostenible para la localidad de Usme”, financiado por la Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia – UNAD, sede Bogotá, Escuela de Ciencias Básicas, Tecnología e Ingeniería, Ingeniería Industrial, línea de investigación: Diseño y Gestión de Redes de Suministro. La propuesta de investigación se estructura dentro de la estancia posdoctoral del programa Posdoctorado en Procesos sintagmáticos de la ciencia de Euroamerican Learning University – Centro Internacional de Estudios Avanzados Sypal, contando con la asesoría de la Dra. Jaqueline Hurtado de Barrera. El tipo de investigación es proyectiva encaminada a diseñar un modelo sostenible de turismo de naturaleza para la localidad de Usme en Bogotá, Colombia. El propósito es enmarcar el modelo en los siguientes elementos: desarrollo sostenible (que implica sostenibilidad económica, sostenibilidad social y sostenibilidad ambiental) y turismo de naturaleza, como actividad que puede contribuir a consolidar el desarrollo territorial de una manera sostenible (considerando el territorio como parte importante para el desarrollo del turismo y que puede ser impactado positivamente por este). El proyecto toma como eventos para modificar la cohesión social y el arraigo territorial, aspectos identificados en investigaciones previas como vitales dentro de un análisis de Pareto, para implementar exitosamente emprendimientos turísticos.
EFFECT OF CONJUGATED LINOLEIC ACID ON THE STRUCTURE AND OXIDATIVE STABILITY OF OLEOGEL
Authors: Erinc Hakan , Tarım Onur
Published: November 2022

In this study, some physico-chemical properties of oleogels containing
conjugated linoleic acid (25-50% CLA) produced using beeswax (BW) were
investigated. For this aim, sunflower oil containing CLA was mixed with
a different proportion of BW, and oil binding capacity, centrifugal
stability, color, X-ray diffraction, thermo-oxidative stability,
textural and rheological analyses of the oleogels were undertaken. On
the other hand, thiobarbituric acid and peroxide values of samples were
determined during 120 days. As a result of the textural-rheological
analysis, all of the samples have elastic behavior and were texturally
very stable, homogenous and smooth in structure. In brief, CLA-enriched
oleogels can be successfully used in the food industry with their
suitable rheological properties. On the other hand, according to
thermo-oxidative stability analysis, the increase in the ratio of CLA
and BW caused a decrease in the Tonset and Tmax of the samples.
Oxidation analyzes performed during 120 days showed that when CLA was
used in the oleogel formula, oleogels that were more resistant to
oxidation were obtained. However, there was no statistically significant
difference between the products containing 25% and 50% CLA in terms of
oxidation. Moreover, it was determined that the samples containing 50%
CLA had less resistance to oxidation.
Ant Colony Optimization for Improved Change Detection in Satellite Images
Authors: Sheoran Snehlata , Mittal Neetu , Gelbukh Alexander
Published: November 2022

Monitoring of Earth surface with the help of satellite images helps in
land use land cover, resource planning & management, change detection
and agricultural development areas. Satellites images are great
repository of information and extraction of information from these
unclear images is a challenging task. In order to identify the objects
and boundaries in satellite images, various digital image based
processing techniques like Sobel, Canny and Prewitt have been explored
in this paper. Further, Ant Colony Optimization has been used to obtain
the optimized images. Hybrid techniques viz.- AC0-Sobel, ACO-Canny and
ACO-Prewitt are implemented and the results are quantitatively validated
with the help of entropy and PIQE values of output optimized images. The
results indicates that ACO-Canny hybrid technique yields better quality
satellite images as compared to ACO-Sobel, ACO-Prewitt, Sobel, Canny and
Prewitt edge detection techniques.
Análisis de la inversión pública en infraestructura en México: caso Refinería Olmeca de Dos Bocas
Authors: Herrera García Adolfo Federico
Published: November 2022

Problemática: para la economía mexicana, el sector energético es un sector estratégico, el cual en los últimos 20 años ha presentado problemas de ineficiencia en la productividad, lo que ha generado un aumento de la importación de combustibles. Aunado a esto, la crisis sanitaria de la COVID-19 y el conflicto armado de Rusia y Ucrania ha presionado el alza de los valores de los hidrocarburos y sus derivados en el mercado internacional. Objetivo: analizar el caso específico de la inversión pública en infraestructura en el sector energético con la construcción de la nueva refinería de Dos Bocas. Materiales y métodos: para calcular el efecto de la inversión en infraestructura de la Refinería Olmeca de Dos Bocas, se utiliza el modelo de regresión lineal múltiple (MRLM); además, se genera el modelo doble logaritmo para medir la elasticidad de la inversión pública en el aumento económico. Resultados: existe una correspondencia directa entre la inversión en infraestructura física gubernamental en el sector energético y el valor de las gasolinas en México. La liberalización de los valores de la gasolina y el diésel en nuestro país ha generado una dependencia de los valores de los combustibles con el mercado internacional. Discusión: la inversión pública muestra una correspondencia positiva con el aumento económico, pero esto no siempre se cumple, dado que en economías emergentes debe tenerse mucho cuidado con el monto de la inversión pública ejecutado por el gobierno, ya que la probabilidad de que los beneficios de esta se contrarresten es elevado, debido a que el aumento de los impuestos o pagos de endeudamiento interno y externo generan efectos negativos en la economía. Conclusiones: la política de construcción de la refinería conseguirá mejores condiciones en la producción de la gasolina en el mercado nacional, disminuyendo así la importación de combustibles y estimulando la producción de hidrocarburos por parte de la empresa paraestatal PEMEX.  Contribución / originalidad: efecto de la inversión en infraestructura de la Refinería Olmeca de Dos Bocas en México.
Öğretmen Mutluluğu: Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması
Authors: ASLAN Ömer Şahin , GÖÇEN Ahmet
Published: November 2022

Eğitim örgütlerinde çalışanların mutluluk düzeyini bilmek ve onların mutluluklarını arttıracak planlamalarda bulunmak sağlıklı örgüt kültürünün güçlenmesine destek çıkabilir. Bu kapsamda bu araştırmada öğretmenlerin mutluluk algılarını incelemeye yönelik bir ölçeğin geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel araştırma modeli kullanılarak hazırlanmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Şanlıurfa ili merkez ilçelerinde (Eyyübiye, Haliliye, Karaköprü) görev yapmakta olan 12549 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklem grubunu ise, araştırma evreninden uygun örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 580 öğretmen oluşturmuştur. Öğretmen mutluluk ölçeği geliştirme aşamasında madde havuzu oluşturulmuş ve uzman görüşleri alınmıştır. Daha sonra geçerlilik ve güvenirlilik analizleri yapılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında elde edilen verilerin analizinde Açımlayıcı Faktör Analiz, Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi, Cronbach Alfa Güvenirliği, Madde- Toplam Puan Korelasyonu analiz teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre Öğretmen Mutluluk Ölçeği’nin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu görülmüştür. Öğretmen Mutluluk Ölçeği beş alt boyutlu bir yapıda oluşmuştur. Bu alt boyutlar: Kişisel Gelişim, Mesleki Tatmin, Yönetici Yaklaşımı, İş Arkadaşı İlişkileri ve Öğrenci İlişkileri’dir. Ölçek 20 maddeden oluşmakta ve ölçekte ters ifade bulunmamaktadır.
Optimizing over the efficient set of the binary bi-objective knapsack problem
Authors: Chaabane Djamal , Lachemi Nadia
Published: November 2022

This paper deals with the problem of optimizing a linear function over the efficient set of a 0-1 bi-objective knapsack problem. Such a function represents the main criterion of the problem posed. The resolution process is based essentially on dynamic programming. The proposed method provides a subset of efficient solutions including one which optimizes the main criterion without having to enumerate all the efficient solutions of the problem. Numerical experiments are reported, different instances with large sizes of the associated efficient sets are considered to show the efficiency of our algorithm compared with an approach proposed in the literature.
Racial Disparities in Access and Use of Diabetes Technology Among Adult Patients with Type 1 Diabetes in a U.S. Academic Medical Center
Authors: Kanbour Sarah , Jones Marissa , Abusamaan Mohammed S. , Nass Caitlin , Everett Estelle , Wolf Risa M. , Sidhaye Aniket , Mathioudakis Nestoras
Published: November 2022

  

Objective: Recent studies highlight racial disparities in insulin pump (PUMP) and continuous glucose monitor (CGM) use in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). This study explored racial disparities in diabetes technology among adult patients with T1D.

Research Design and Methods: Retrospective clinic-based cohort study of adult patients with T1D seen consecutively from April 2013 to January 2020. Race was categorized into non-Black (reference group) and Black. The primary outcomes were baseline and prevalent technology use, rates of diabetes technology discussions (CGMdiscn, PUMPdiscn), and prescribing (CGMrx, PUMPrx). Multivariable logistic regression analysis evaluated the association of technology discussions and prescribing with race, adjusting for social determinants of health and diabetes outcomes. 

Results:  Among 1,528 adults with T1D, baseline technology use was significantly lower for Black compared to non-Black patients (7.9% vs. 30.3% for CGM; 18.7% vs. 49.6% for pump), as was prevalent use (43.6% vs. 72.1% for CGM; 30.7% vs. 64.2% for pump). Black patients had adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of 0.51 (95% CI, 0.29, 0.90) and 0.61 (95% CI, 0.41, 0.93) for CGMdiscn and CGMrx, respectively. Black patients had aORs of 0.74 (95% CI, 0.44, 1.25) and 0.40 (95% CI, 0.22, 0.70), for PUMPdiscn and PUMPrx, respectively. Neighborhood context, insurance, marital and employment status, and number of clinic visits were also associated with the outcomes.

Conclusions and Relevance: Significant racial disparities were observed in discussions, prescribing, and use of diabetes technology. Further research is needed to identify the causes behind these disparities and develop and evaluate strategies to reduce them.
Multilateralismo e resiliência: Timor-Leste, o G7+ e a ASEAN
Authors: Canas Mendes Nuno
Published: November 2022

This article analyzes the place and importance of multilateralism in East Timor’s foreign policy, focusing two very relevant examples: G7+, organization that gathers fragile States in Africa, Asia, Pacific and the Caribbean who share a conflict and resilience experiences, and ASEAN, organization who supports regional integration in Southeast Asia, with a consensus based peculiar decision-making process. In the former case, East-Timorese impulse, commitment and leadership are most significant, in the latter, the admission procedures, a priority for all the East-Timorese governments, has been complex and delayed. The purpose of the article is providing an overview of East Timor’s multilateral experience in both institutions, and discussing its results, limitations and ambiguities.
European Union Green Energy: Risks and Opportunities for Ukraine
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Turchyn Yaryna , Ivasechko Olha ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Zabavska Khrystyna , Tsebenko Oleh , Kasha Lidiia
Published: November 2022

The article analyzes the state and motives for the development of green energy in the European Union. The level and pace of improvement in the field of renewable energy in Ukraine has been found out. The critical consequences of Russian aggression for the Ukrainian energy sector have been described. Prospects and risks for Ukraine, shaped by European trends and problems in the field of energy, have been identified. The role of Ukraine’s involvement in the European Green Deal, Horizon 2020, EU4Energy and INOGATE programs has been considered. The negative impact of Europe’s energy dependence on the Russian Federation has been emphasized, and the way to overcome such a challenge has been outlined. The main components of the REPowerEU plan and the 2022 EU Strategy for an EU external energy engagement, where it is stated that the EU’s short-term goal is to neutralize Putin’s influence, which he uses due to the presence of significant energy resources, have been highlighted. The predicted changes in the energy landscape caused by the transition of the EU and Ukraine to renewable energy sources have been analyzed. A conclusion about the ambiguity of the impact of green energy processes and EU “green” policy for Ukraine, which needs to be regulated together with the European Union, has been made.
Neutrality of Switzerland in the Light of the Contemporary Security Challenges: Realistic, Neoliberal, and Constructive Approaches
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Dorosh Lesia
Published: November 2022

In the article, the author analyzes how the understanding of the concept of neutrality of European states and its implementation in their foreign policy strategies changes at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries, along with the change in the international system of relations. The interesting case of a truly neutral country is Switzerland, whose foreign policy behavior is a challenge to the negative expectations of observers regarding the pessimistic prospects of neutrality as an option for the implementation of the foreign policy course. In this article, the author considers the neutrality of Switzerland from the point of view of three conceptual approaches to the understanding of neutrality: realist, neoliberal and constructivist. From the point of view of realism, Switzerland has long been aware of its status as a “small” state and, respectively, uses it as an important mean of self-preservation in a territory surrounded by “big” states. From a neoliberal point of view, the key trend today is Switzerland's increasing attention to bilateral and multilateral defense cooperation. And from the standpoint of constructivism, neutrality is an important “symbol” of the common identity of the diverse population of Switzerland. Therefore, the author concludes that Switzerland was able to maintain a controversial foreign policy of neutrality, emphasizing its national identity and independence, while at the same time benefiting from international economic interdependence. Switzerland's neutrality allows it to develop and deepen international economic relations very well.
Why People Believe All Kinds of Nonsense? Review of: Levy, N. (2022). Bad Beliefs: Why They Happen to Good People. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 188 p.
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Puchyr Alina
Published: November 2022

The author of the review analyzes the N. Levy’s book. N. Levy considers reasons of beliefs, and conspiracy theories. He has established why modern people agree an unreliable idea. The main conclusion about N. Levy’s book that the improvement of beliefs should focus on the epistemic environment, not on how well people should think.
Ladin Meşcereleri Üst Topraklarında Derinliğe Göre Cmic ve Nmic 'in Değişimi
Authors: ÇAKIROĞLU Kamil , KARA Ömer , BOLAT İlyas
Published: November 2022

Bu çalışmada saf doğu ladini (Picea orientalis L.) ormanı altındaki toprakların özellikle organik C, toplam N, ayrışma oranı (Corg/Ntoplam), mikrobiyal biyokütle C (Cmic) ve N (Nmic) gibi karakteristiklerinin toprak derinliği ile değişimi araştırılmıştır. Araştırma sahası Trabzon ili Vakfıkebir ve Tonya İlçeleri sınırlarında bulunan Fol Deresi Mikro Havzası’nda yer almaktadır. Çalışma alanında alanı temsilen, rastgele 10 adet örnek nokta belirlenmiş ve bu noktalardan farklı iki derinlik kademesinden (0–15 cm ve 15–30 cm derinlik) toprak örneklemesi yapılmıştır. Alandan toprakların bazı fiziksel, kimyasal ve mikrobiyal analizleri için her derinlik kademesinden 10’ar örnek olacak şekilde toplamda 20 adet toprak örneği alınmıştır. Çalışma sonunda toprak derinliğine göre, % kum ve % toz içerikleri istatistiki olarak birbirinden farklılık (P<0,05) göstermiştir. Benzer olarak organik C, toplam N ve (Corg/Ntoplam) değerlerinin her iki derinlik kademesine göre istatistiksel olarak birbirinden farklı (P < 0,05) olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Toprakların Cmic içerikleri, 0-15 cm derinlik kademesinde 437,40–1315,20 μg g-1 ve 15-30 cm derinlik kademesinde 194,20–578,20 μg g-1 arasında değişim gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Toprakların Nmic içerikleri, 0–15 cm derinlik kademesinde ortalama 88,08  8,08 μg g-1 ve 15–30 cm derinlik kademesinde ortalama 41,17  4,32 μg g-1’dır. Toprakların hem Cmic hem de Nmic içeriklerinin toprak derinliğine göre istatistiksel farklılık (P<0,05) gösterdiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca toprakların organik C ve toplam N içeriği ile Cmic ve Nmic arasında pozitif ve anlamlı bir korelasyonun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar, toprak derinliğine göre değişen toprak özelliklerinin Cmic ve Nmic içerikleri üzerinde etkili olduğunu göstermektedir.
The Cooperation Relationship between West Bali National Park Hall and the Buffer Villages in the Conservation of Nature and Creation of Jobs
Authors: Styawati Ni Komang Arini , Widiati Ida Ayu Putu , Wijaya I Ketut Kasta Arya , Sumardika I Nyoman
Published: November 2022

West Bali National Park (WBNP) is a nature conservation area that has native ecosystems, managed with a zoning system for research, education, science purposes as well as to support cultivation, tourism, and recreation. Its goal is to preserve biological natural resources and their ecosystems, thus the WBNP Hall established a cooperative relationship with 1 urban village (Gilimanuk Village) and 5 buffer villages (Blimbingsari, Ekasari, Melaya, Sumber Klampok and Pejarakan villages). In the working area of the WBNP Hall, there are several strategic issues that have developed, one of which is the illegal logging of production plants in Production Forests which has significantly affected the balance of the ecosystem as a whole which can lead to a decrease in the quality of potential biological natural resources. The problems are: 1) What is the cooperative relationship between the WBNP Hall and the buffer villages in the effort to conserve nature? 2) With the existence of WBNP, can job opportunities for local communities be created? The objectives of the study: to analyze the cooperative relationship between the WBNP Hall and the buffer village in an effort to conserve nature; and to identify and analyze the benefits of WBNP in an effort to create jobs. This study uses empirical research methods with a sociological approach. Data were obtained from primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected using an interview technique and secondary data were collected using recording and documentation methods. The data were analyzed qualitatively using legal argumentation. The research results are presented descriptively. The conclusion is the cooperative relationship between the WBNP Hall, and the buffer villages has been stated in a written agreement to support WBNP. WBNP has been able to create jobs, but the use of local labor has not been maximized.
Mathematical Model of Effect of Yellow Virus on Tomato Plants Through Bemisia tabaci Insects Using Verticillium lecanii Fungus
Authors: Atifah Nada , Murni Dewi , Winanda Rara Sandhy
Published: November 2022

The Yellow virus is a virus that causes tomato plants to die. The insect vector Bemisia tabaci spreads this virus. The goal of this study is to identify the shape of a mathematical model of the influence of yellow virus on tomato plants via the insect Bemisia tabaci and the fungus Verticilliun lecanii, as well as to interpret the results of the mathematical model analysis. This is referred to as basic research. This study employs a descriptive method in which theories are analysed in relation to the topics to be discussed, and these theories are based on a literature review. Stability analysis is carried out using Routh-Hurwitz criteria. It indicates that the disease-free equilibrium point is asymptotically stable when Λt=μtN and the endemic equilibrium point is asymptotically stable for d1>e1, d2>e2 and a1>(a1)2+(a3)2a0)/(a3a2 ). The model simulation shows that if the efficacy of Verticillium lecanii is high, the population of infected tomato plants, as well as the population of Bemisia tabaci, will go extinct.
Association of Menopausal Symptoms with Body Composition Pattern and Body Mass Index Across Menopausal Age Among Mongolian Women
Authors: Choijamts Batsuren , Sodnomdorj Enkhee , Byambasuren Myagmardagva , Ulziisuren Erdenechimeg
Published: November 2022

Objectives: To investigate the correlation of body fat distribution pattern and body mass index (BMI) on the prevalence and clinical manifestation of menopausal symptoms across the menopausal stage among Mongolian women. Methods: A survey was conducted amongst a total of 1084 women aged 40-65 years Ulaanbaatar city and selected provinces representing five main remote regions of Mongolia. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic and socioeconomic data. Menopause related characteristics were evaluated using the Menopause-specific Quality of Life (MENQOL) questionnaire. Further, measurements were recorded to determine waist-to-hip-ratio and body mass index (BMI). Pearson's Chi-Square test was used to correlate. Results: Using the waist-to-hip-ratio, 84.4% of participants had the android type, and 15.6% were of the gynoid type. As for BMI, 38.4% were overweight, and 28.8% were obese. In multiple regression analysis, BMI had significant relationships with psychosocial and sexual problems (p<0.05). Moreover, BMI and menopause status were independent risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease. Postmenopausal obese and overweight women were 1.6 times more likely to have cardiovascular disease than women in the perimenopausal status (p<0.05). Conclusions: Overweight and obese perimenopausal women have a lower quality of life due to the prevalence of sexual and psychosocial symptoms. Obese postmenopausal Mongolian women are at significantly higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
Acoustic Outcomes Comparison Injection Versus Medialization Laryngoplasty
Authors: Sodnompil Nergui , Palamdorj Ganchimeg , Zestbaljir Mendsaikhan , Orgoi Sergelen , Tserendulam Munkhtuya , Lkhuvsandagva Byambasuren
Published: November 2022

Objectives: To determine whether injection laryngoplasty or medialization thyroplasty is more effective in the treatment of unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Methods: A prospective study of 75 patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis who underwent autologous fat injection laryngoplasty or medialization laryngoplasty at the First Central Hospital of Mongolia between 15th Nov 2016 and 15th Jan 2020. The data analyzed included patient characteristics and type of intervention, along with the before treatment, 1 and 6 months after treatment voice parameters of electrogIottography and patients' subjective voice assessment. Results: Seventy-five patients were evaluated. The average time from intervention to post-treatment evaluation was 1 and 6 months. Improvements were demonstrated in all voice parameters (Maximum Foniation Time, Jitter, Shimmer, and Harmonic Noise Ratio) in both the injection and the medialization groups. Conclusions: In this study, objective and subjective voice analysis confirmed that injection and medialization laryngoplasty were effective in unilateral vocal cord paralysis. Both of these methods can be used to treat unilateral vocal cord paralysis.
Effect of Astragalus Mongholicus Bunge Extract on Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction in Rats
Authors: Arluud Narenhua , Altangerel Anu , Yan Zhang , Gansukh Baigali , Chultemsuren Yeruult , Chimedtseren Chimedragchaa
Published: November 2022

Objectives: Our study’s objective was to investigate the cardioprotective effects of Astragalus mongholicus Bunge, a herbal medicine cultivated in Mongolia. Methods: Fifty rats were divided into five groups of ten. The untreated control and treatment group rats received isoproterenol (150 mg/kg) by subcutaneous injection for two consecutive days on 29th and 30th days to induce myocardial infarction. The treatment groups received Astragalus mongholicus Bunge 71, 142, or 284 mg/kg for 28 days prior to infarction. At the end of the experiment, Astragalus mongholicus Bunge’s cardioprotective effect was assessed through histopathology, the measurement of serum CK, AST, ALT, and LDH, and the oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde and total superoxide dismutase. Results: Treatment with Astragalus mongholicus Bunge 71 mg/kg caused significant decreases in the levels of LDH, AST, and CK serum compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Treatment with Astragalus mongholicus Bunge at 71, 142, and 284 mg/kg showed a significant decrease in malondialdehyde compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Treatment with Astragalus mongholicus Bunge at the same levels significantly reduced myocardial damage by protecting levels of the beneficial antioxidant enzyme total superoxide dismutase (p < 0.05). Histopathological examination of the group treated with Astragalus mongholicus Bunge 142 mg/kg showed a decreased area with necrosis and inflammatory cells in the myocardial tissue. Conclusion: The protective effect of Astragalus mongholicus Bunge occurs by protecting the myocardium’s native superoxide dismutase levels, reducing the levels of malondialdehyde and serum marker enzymes LDH, AST, and CK.
Preliminary Study Results of Native Mongolian Inonotus Obliquus Extracts in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Delgersaikhan Nyamsurendejid , Odkhuu Erdenezaya , Namkhai Ulzii-Orshikh , Batnasan Galindev , Samdan Enkhbaatar , Sundui Enebish , Dorjkhuu Amgalanbaatar , Aldartsogt Dolgorsuren , Amgalanbaatar Avirmed
Published: November 2022

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the morphological changes and clinical chemistry panel of alloxan-induced diabetic rats for the treatment groups of ethanol or aqueous extracts of Mongolian natural Inonotus obliquus. Methods: Wistar albino rats (n = 80) were randomly assigned into four groups: 1. Healthy control group, 2. Untreated diabetic group, 3. Diabetic group treated with Inonotus obliquus (500 mg/kg per day) water extract, 4. Diabetic group with Inonotus obliquus (500 mg/kg per day) ethanol extract. Diabetes was induced by alloxan 150 mg/kg (single intraperitoneal injection) in the diabetic groups. Results: Both water and ethanol extract of Inonotus obliquus reduced the blood glucose level of diabetes at 48 h after treatment. Histologic and morphology examinations showed that water extracts of Inonotus obliquus alleviated the damage to pancreas tissues in alloxan diabetic rats. Conclusions: We postulate that simple ethanol and water extracts of natural Mongolian Inonotus obliquus have an antihyperglycemic effect that enhances islet cell function in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The extracts of Mongolian natural Inonotus obliquus are easily producible at low cost and should be further explored as a treatment for diabetes.
Transmission Electron Microscope Study of Melanocytes on the Mongolian Blue Spot Region
Authors: Tsedendorj Batchimeg , Amgalanbaatar Avirmed , Bold Juramt , Dorjkhuu Amgalanbaatar , Dalkhsuren Shine-Od
Published: November 2022

Objectives: We aimed to study the melanocyte and melanin granules of the blue spot skin. Methods: The skin specimens were taken from the sacral region of a 1 and an 8 month old child and a 35 year old man. We proceeded to examine the melanocytes of the blue spot and non-blue spot regions by light and transmission electron microscope analysis. Results: TThe melanocytes of the sacral skin of the adult man were found on the epidermal side of the epidermal-dermal junction. The cytoplasm of the melanocyte contained melanin granules of the dense type. The melanocytes of the blue spot skin of the 1 and 8 months old children were found at the uniformly thin basal membrane of the epidermis. The cytoplasm of these melanocytes contained melanin granules of both light and dense types. There were distinct differences in the thickness of the basal membrane, and in the size and composition of the melanin granules. Conclusion: Melanocytes of the sacral blue spot region were located on the basal membrane of the epidermis near to the epidermal-dermal junction. The cytoplasm of the melanocytes contained melanin granules of both dense and light types.
Effect of Antischemin Preparations on Platelet Hyperactivity in Diabetic Rabbit Model
Authors: Bat-Erdene Ariuntsetseg , Miegombo Ambaga , Bandi Sarantsetseg , Dalkh Tserendagva
Published: November 2022

Objectives: We aim to investigate how antischemin preparation affects the platelet parameters in a rabbit model with alloxan induced diabetes. Methods: Rabbits were divided into 4 groups; group 1 or control group, group 2 or no antischemin group without medication, group 3 or experimental group and group 4 or comparing group. Specific parameters such as PLT, PWD, MPV, P-LCR and PCT concentration were measured on day 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28. Results: Treatment of the no antischemin group with 6% alloxan monohydrate only resulted in a significant increase of platelet level and reached the highest value at 28th days (336.5 ± 21.2). When animals pre-treated simultaneously with antischemin for 5 days, the level of platelets did not increase significantly, compared to that in the non-treated group. After treatment of this group with 6% alloxan monohydrate, at the end of the trial (28 day), the platelet level was 274.7 ± 6.2 g/L, and in the clopidogrel pre-treated group, it was 274 ± 13.9 g/L. In the non-treated group, during the first 21 days, alloxan monohydrate caused a slight increase in PDW levels. Conclusions: Numerous studies revealed that botanical extracts which have been widely used as medicinal agents show potent anti-diabetic activity. Due to the serious side effects or resistance on synthetic drugs that are used in diabetes, the approach of using herbal remedies could be a successful alternative to the currently available diabetic treatments.
Treatment Results of Definite and Probable Meniere's Disease
Authors: Enkhtaivan Delgerzaya , Tergel Nayanjin , Sainbileg Chadraabal , Jargalkhuu Erdenechuluun , Tovuudorj Avirmed , Koo Ja Won
Published: November 2022

Objectives: To evaluate the treatment results of definite and probable Meniere's disease (MD). Methods: A total of 51 patients, who were diagnosed with Meniere's disease (MD) between January 2019 to January 2021 at EMJJ ENT hospital's vestibular laboratory in Mongolia, was included in our study. The diagnosis of Meniere's disease was according to the 2015 Diagnostic criteria of Meniere's disease of the Classification Committee of the Barany Society. The clinical dizziness handicap inventory (DHI) questionnaire was taken, and videonystagmography (VNG), caloric test, and PTA was done in all patients. Results: Of a total of 51 patients, 9 were diagnosed as probable MD, and 42 were diagnosed as definite MD. The mean age of the patients was 43.7, male to female ratio was 1:1.8, 37 (72.5%) patients were in treatment group I who all received medication only, and 14 (27.5%) patients were in treatment group II who were refractory to prior medical therapy underwent ITDL Comparing the two treatment groups, there were significant differences in all test results (p = 0.000). After ITDI hearing improved (p = 0.000). Conclusions: VNG, caloric test, and DHI questionnaire results show that both medical treatment and ITDI are successful in improving vestibular function.
ALBI Score for Predicting Acute Liver Failure in Patients with Acute Hepatitis B and D in Mongolia
Authors: Badamnachin Batsukh , Ochir Chimedsuren , Gidaagaya Sarantuya , Oidov Baatarkhuu
Published: November 2022

Objectives: Mongolia is known as one of the countries with a high prevalence of hepatitis B and D virus infection. Although the number of acute hepatitis D cases is decreasing since the national vaccination program against HBV launched in 1991, it is still a main cause of acute liver failure (ALF) in Mongolia. The aim of this study is to determine the prognostic value of an ALBI score in patients with acute hepatitis B with or without D. Methods: A total of 114 patients (58 patients with acute hepatitis B (AHB), five patients with HBV/HDV co-infection, and 51 patients with HBV/HDV superinfection), who were admitted to the National Center for Communicable Diseases between 2017 and 2019 were enrolled into this study. Results: We compared the AHB group to the HBV/HDV superinfection group. The mean age was 25.8±6.5 years in the AHB group vs. 28.9±7.4 years in the HBV/HDV superinfection group (p = 0.019). Also, a majority of patients live in Ulaanbaatar (87.5% vs. 62.7%, p = 0.037). The mean hospitalization days was 23± 11 in the AHB, on the other hand it was 28± 13 in the HBV/HDV superinfection group (p = 0.022). The ALF patients had a higher ALBI score, total bilirubin, transaminase, and INR compared with the non-ALF group. The platelet count was significantly lower in the AHB and HBV/HDV infection group with ALF compared with AHB and HBV/HDV infection without ALF. This study showed that the ALBI score in AHB with ALF patients was significantly higher than in AHB without ALF (p = 0.001 ), and H BV/HDV superinfection with ALF had a higher ALBI score than HBV/HDV superinfection without ALF (p = 0.041 ). The area under the curve (AUC) value was 0.766 for ALBI scores. The cut-off value, sensitivity and specificity of ALBI score values were -1. 71, 72.2%, and 75.6%, respectively. Conclusions: ALBI score determined on admission indicates the likelihood of survival of patients with AHB and AHD.
Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Vaccine Access and Allocation
Authors: Gombojav Bayasgalan , Danshiitsoodol Narandalai
Published: November 2022

No abstract in English
Objective Voice Analysis of Mongolian Adults with a Normal Voice Across Age and Gender
Authors: Sodnompil Nergui , Palamdorj Ganchimeg , Lkhuvsandagva Byambasuren , Lkhagvasuren Khorolsuren , Gombojav Bayasgalan , Zorigtbaatar Bolortsetseg , Boldbaatar Damdindorj
Published: November 2022

Objectives: We aimed to standardize main vocal parameters including fundamental frequency (F0), jitter, shimmer, harmonic-noise ratio (HNR), and smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPs) for Mongolian adults with a normal voice across a range of age groups and genders. Methods: A total of 360 voice recordings belonging to adults between 20 and 79 years old were analyzed. An acoustic analysis was performed using the Praat Program with a sustained vowel /a/ or /α/. A one-way analysis of variance and an unpaired t-test were used to measure differences in voice parameters for the age groups and genders. Results: The mean value of F0 was higher in women (254.4 ± 17.9 Hz) compared with men (149.6 ± 15.3 Hz). The average jitter was 0.26% ± 0.12% (W = 0.25 ± 0.13) and the shimmer was 1.95% ± 0.45% (W = 2.01% ± 0.45%). The mean value of HNR was 11.9 ± 1.33 dB (W = 12.1 ± 1.36 dB) and CPPs was 16.3 dB (W = 16.1 dB). Conclusion: The F0 and HNR significantly increased with age for men. The F0 and CPPs decreased, whereas the shimmer and HNR increased with age in women.
Risk Factors and Clinical Characteristics of Congenital Primary Hypothyroidism: A Case-control Study in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
Authors: Tsevgee Altantuya , Munkhchuluun Tsolmon , Nansal Gerelmaa , Khurelbaatar Naranchimeg , Zagd Gerelmaa , Ganbaatar Erdenetuya
Published: November 2022

Objective: The study aimed to identify the risk factors and clinical features of congenital primary hypothyroidism (CPH). Methods: A matched case-control study recruited all children diagnosed with congenital primary hypothyroidism and children without disease as a control between 2012 and 2020. Controls were matched on their gender and age. We collected information on demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics from patient’s medical records. Results: The birth weight (OR = 1.1; p = 0.001), gestational age (OR = 2.24; p < 0.001), maternal age (OR = 1.21; p < 0.001), additional congenital disabilities (OR = 1.1; p = 0.015) and maternal hyperthyroidism (OR = 1.21; p < 0.011) were significant factors for CPH. The baby’s height (OR = 0.2; p = 0.012), maternal gestational diabetes (OR = 0.2; p = 0.002) and being a twin (OR = 0.91; p = 0.010) were significant protective factors for CPH. In terms of clinical symptoms of CPH, 70.2% had shown no clinical signs at births in our study. The most commonly identified clinical signs were: umbilical hernia, open posterior fontanel, feeding difficulty, hypothermia, abdominal stiffness, cold or mottled skin, prolonged jaundice, and low muscle tone. Conclusion: Children with CPH are often symptom-free at birth, and several risk factors contribute to CPH.