bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potentially Pathogenic Yeasts to Humans Isolated From Sandy Beaches Used For Recreational Purposes
Authors: Biedunkiewicz Anna , Bałabański Tomasz , Jastrzębski Jan Paweł
Published: January 2025

Yeasts possess a range of environmental adaptations that allow them to colonize soil and sand. They can circulate seasonally between different components of lake ecosystems, including beach sand, water, and the coastal phyllosphere. The accumulation of people on beaches promotes the development and transmission of yeasts, posing an increasing sanitary and epidemiological risk. The aim of this study was to determine the species and quantitative composition of potentially pathogenic and pathogenic yeasts for humans present in the sand of supervised and unsupervised beaches along the shores of lakes in the city of Olsztyn (north-eastern Poland).

The study material consisted of sand samples collected during two summer seasons (2019; 2020) from 12 research sites on sandy beaches of 4 lakes located within the administrative boundaries of Olsztyn. Standard isolation and identification methods used in diagnostic mycological laboratories were applied.

A total of 259 yeast isolates (264, counting species in two-species isolates separately) belonging to 62 species representing 47 genera were obtained during the study. Among all the isolates, 5 were identified as mixed (two-species). Eight isolated species were classified into biosafety level 2 (BSL-2) and risk group 2 (RG-2). The highest average number of viable yeast cells was found in sand samples collected in July 2019 (5,56 x 102 CFU/g), August, and September 2020 (1,03 x 103 CFU/g and 1,94 x 103 CFU/g, respectively). The lowest concentrations were in samples collected in April, September, and October 2019, and October 2020 (1,48 x 102 CFU/g, 1,47 x 102 CFU/g, 1,40 x 102 CFU/g, and 1,40 x 102 CFU/g, respectively).
Comparison of carvedilol vs. bisoprolol for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF): A systematic review and meta-analysis from the Asian population
Authors: Sukmawan Yedy Purwandi , Nofianti Tita , Pebiansyah Anisa
Published: January 2025

China, Indonesia, and Malaysia have the highest age-standardized rates of heart failure in Asia, according to the Global Burden of Disease study. While numerous systematic reviews and meta-analyses have compared bisoprolol and carvedilol in HFrEF, most have focused on Western populations. To address this gap, we conducted a meta-analysis of RCTs and cohort studies involving Asian patients with HFrEF from PubMed and Cochrane databases that reported all-cause mortality, hospital admission, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) increase. The search result identified five eligible studies, primarily from Taiwan, Japan, and South Korea, with a total of 11,577 participants. The meta-analysis revealed no significant difference between bisoprolol and carvedilol in terms of all-cause mortality (RR 1.04, p 0.62, I2 = 0%), hospitalization (RR 1.23, p. 0.23, I2 = 0%), and LVEF increase (RR -1.40, p. 0.50, I2 = 0%). These findings suggest that both drugs have comparable efficacy in the Asian population.
La transformation numérique dans les Big 4 : où en sommes-nous ?
Authors: Dermarkar Simon , Hazgui Mouna , Trottier-Fortin Marilou
Published: January 2025

À travers 18 entretiens avec des auditeurs des Big 4 , nous établissons un état des lieux sur la transformation numérique de la profession. Nous présentons d’abord les principaux types d’outils actuellement utilisés dans les grands cabinets, puis nous examinons, à travers la notion de découplage institutionnel, la disparité entre l’adoption formelle des technologies et leur utilisation pratique. Selon nos résultats, bien que les cabinets investissent dans des technologies avancées, des contraintes organisationnelles freinent leur intégration, entraînant une démotivation parmi les auditeurs. Nous examinons les causes de ce découplage et proposons des améliorations en matière de formation, gestion de la charge de travail et communication pour aligner pratiques et objectifs technologiques.
Le placard éditorial de l’abstraction chorégraphique
Authors: Capeille Jean
Published: January 2025

À la fin des années 1950, des critiques états-unien.es débattent des spectacles d’une nouvelle avant-garde chorégraphique. Leurs comptes-rendus regroupent parfois ces œuvres sous les vocables de danse « abstraite » ou « avant-gardiste ». En parallèle à ces catégories, il n’est pas rare de croiser, dans leurs colonnes, des lexiques liés au queer dans ses diverses acceptions et notamment stigmatisantes. Certains de leurs termes font ainsi écho aux mots que le maccarthysme avait récemment popularisés pour discriminer les minorités sexuelles et leur imposer les nécessités du placard. Du côté de la défense de cette avant-garde, un jeune interprète nommé David Vaughan propose, dans le courrier des lecteurs de Dance Magazine en 1958, de penser celle-ci sous l’angle d’une « approche non-éloquente ». En refusant que le corps parle, sa valorisation d’une danse transparente – limitée à ses seuls mouvements, à voir plutôt qu’à interpréter – n’est pas sans continuer à alimenter « l’épistémologie du placard » structurée autour de la séparation entre le privé et le public, le visible et le dissimulé, les non-dits et le non-dire. Par-delà ces lignes de front, cet article se propose d’explorer, à travers la notion de « placard éditorial », les dynamiques critiques pre-Stonewall de l’abstraction chorégraphique.
Le ballet des caméras : interaction entre scénario et dispositif de tournage dans le cas de quelques dramatiques télévisées de la Télévision Suisse Romande
Authors: Annen Vincent
Published: January 2025

Les dramatiques, ces fictions héritières du « télé-théâtre » originellement tournées en caméras multiples et diffusées en direct live, furent au centre des débats sur la potentielle existence d’une écriture spécifiquement télévisuelle. Cet article se propose donc d’interroger l’impact des conditions de production des dramatiques télévisées sur les techniques narratives et scénaristiques qui leur sont propres. D’une part, ce type de productions, ancré dans une période historique révolue, permet d’envisager la pratique du scénario au prisme des contraintes imposées par les dispositifs de tournage pour lesquels ils sont prévus. D’autre part, il permet d’entrevoir le réseau de documents qui interagit avec le texte scénaristique et en assure la fonctionnalité. En se penchant sur des scénarios et des documents de production conservés dans les archives institutionnelles de la Radio Télévision Suisse et dans certains fonds personnels déposés à la Cinémathèque Suisse, cette étude entend donc ouvrir la voie à une approche de l’objet‑scénario en contexte opérationnel.
La domination du poète. La dimension sociale de la vraisemblance chez Aristote
Authors: Sorci Antonino
Published: January 2025

Dans cet article, nous proposons une interprétation renouvelée du passage du chapitre IX de la Poétique d’Aristote dédié à la distinction entre la poésie et la chronique. Ce faisant, nous souhaitons mettre en relief la dimension sociale de la conception aristotélicienne de la vraisemblance. Notre hypothèse est que dans ce passage il s’agit moins de définir le propre de la fiction que de distinguer le rôle social du poète de celui du chroniqueur. Nous montrons comment cette interprétation permet de concevoir différemment certaines distinctions cruciales de la narratologie contemporaine, dont celle entre les récits « naturels » et les récits « non-naturels ».
Factors Affecting Personal Financial Well-Being of Young Working Adults in Colombo District, Sri Lanka
Authors: Weerasinghe H. A. , Samarakoon S. M. A. K. , Malalage G. S.
Published: January 2025

This paper aims to identify the factors affecting personal financial well-being of young working adults in the Colombo district, Sri Lanka. Given the increasing importance of financial stability in today’s economic landscape, this study seeks to understand how financial literacy, financial attitudes, and financial behaviors contribute to an individual's financial well-being. A quantitative research approach was adopted, utilizing a structured questionnaire to collect data from a sample of 384 young working adults derived from a convenience sampling technique in the Colombo district. The data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis to test the hypothesized relationships between the constructs. The findings of the study revealed that financial attitudes, financial literacy, and financial behavior indicate weak positive correlations with financial well-being, suggesting that im-proved attitudes, literacy, and behavior are slightly associated with improved financial well-being. Moreover, financial literacy, financial attitudes, and financial behavior have a significant positive impact on personal financial well-being. Furthermore, prudent financial behaviors, such as budgeting, saving, and responsible spending, are strongly associated with improved financial well-being. By understanding the key factors influencing financial welbeing, stakeholders can develop targeted financial education programs and create products promoting financial literacy and fostering positive financial attitudes and behaviors. Such initiatives can help young working adults in Sri Lanka achieve greater financial stability and security, ultimately contributing to the financial welbeing of future generations.
Credibility Counts: The Impact of Social Media Influencers on Healthy and Nutritious Food Purchase Intention in Sri Lanka
Authors: Herath H. M. T. S. , Wanigasuriya W. A. D. N.
Published: January 2025

The study aims to examine the influence of social media influencers' credibility spe-cifically expertise, trustworthiness, and attractiveness on consumers' purchase inten-tions of healthy and nutritious food in Sri Lanka. As non-communicable diseases con-tinue to rise, understanding how influencers can effectively promote healthier eating choices is critical for marketers and public health professionals. A cross-sectional sur-vey was administered to 385 social media users, with data analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The research is grounded in Oha-nian’s Source Credibility Model, which explores how the credibility dimensions of in-fluencers impact consumers’ purchase intention. The results demonstrate that all three dimensions of influencer credibility significantly affect purchase intentions, with at-tractiveness exerting the greatest influence, followed by trustworthiness and expertise. This highlights the pivotal role influencers play in shaping consumer preferences, par-ticularly in the health and wellness sectors. This study adds to the limited research on the role of influencer marketing in developing markets, specifically Sri Lanka. It offers actionable insights for brands and public health campaigns, emphasizing the im-portance of leveraging credible influencers to encourage healthier consumer habits. The study also opens avenues for future research, including the examination of influ-encer credibility across different industries and the long-term effects of influencer mar-keting on consumer behavior.
Screening for diabetic retinopathy at a health centre in South Africa: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Zulu Ntokozo , Ngassa Piotie Patrick , Webb Elizabeth M. , Maphenduka Wezi G. , Cook Steve , Rheeder Paul
Published: January 2025

Background: In South Africa, screening for diabetic retinopathy (DR) is non-existent at the primary healthcare (PHC) level because of the absence of a screening programme. This leads to preventable vision loss.Aim: To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of eye screenings and subsequent referrals.Setting: Laudium Community Health Centre (CHC), a PHC facility in Tshwane.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from February 2022 to August 2022. Individuals with diabetes were screened for eye complications using visual acuity testing, intraocular pressure measurement, and fundoscopy with a non-mydriatic digital fundus camera. Fundus images were analysed by an optometrist and an artificial intelligence (AI) programme. Demographic and clinical data were collected.Results: A total of 120 participants were included, with the majority (60.7%) from Laudium CHC. Most participants (64.2%) were on oral agents, and 66.7% were women. The mean haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was 8.3%, with a median diabetes duration of 8 years. Artificial intelligence detected more glaucoma cases (17.5% vs 9.2%) and DR (23.3% vs 15.8%) compared to the optometrist. In contrast, the optometrist identified more cases of macula pathology (29.2% vs 19.2%). Participants (n = 79) were referred to an ophthalmologist for diagnosis confirmation and management.Conclusion: The study revealed that while DR was not highly prevalent among PHC patients with diabetes, there was a significant referral rate for other ocular complications. Artificial intelligence can enhance early detection and improve efficiency.Contribution: The findings underscore the need to integrate diabetes eye screening programmes into PHC services for people living with diabetes.
Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease (MOGAD)
Authors: Pandit Lekha
Published: January 2025

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease has been recently identified to be a distinct autoimmune central nervous system disorder. There is significant clinical and radiological overlap with multiple sclerosis and aquaporin-4-IgG–associated neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Clinical course is variable in that patients may have a monophasic or relapsing course, disease severity is unpredictable, and unlike other idiopathic autoimmune inflammatory disorders, there is no gender predilection and it is more likely to affect pediatric population. There are no clear-cut treatment guidelines. Duration and dose of oral steroids after the first attack, role of immunosuppressants in relapsing disease, and duration of therapy for the latter are not certain. Currently, there are no disease-specific therapies available, though some novel therapies are under trial. Some of these challenges will be addressed in this paper.
Nursing Shortage in India: Are There Solutions for Policymakers?
Authors: Thakur Chandani
Published: January 2025

Investment in nursing is important to achieve Sustainable Development Goals and universal health coverage. Nurses play a critical role in achieving health goals, they ensure the continuum of care by providing comprehensive and integrated care 24 × 7. They are the largest workforce and it is essential to invest to take care of the shortage of nurses as it is a global crisis. India and other low- and middle-income countries have been struggling with this ubiquitous issue of nursing shortage for decades, preventing them from meeting their national health targets, with the majority of states failing to meet the World Health Organization standard of 4 nurses/1000 population. There are multiple factors leading to the shortage impacting the quality of patient care, patient safety and nurses. Since the nursing shortage is multifaceted, effective interventions necessitate a more in-depth comprehension of the issue. This article aims to give a glimpse of the nursing workforce’s current state in India, the reasons for the shortage, its impact on patient care, and the potential strategies to address the emerging challenges it entails. To achieve the objectives of this review article, a detailed literature review was conducted using published research articles, dissertations, review articles, newspaper articles and governmental, non-governmental and international agency reports.
The Impact of Focal Lesions on Overall and Progression-free Survival in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Kirkizlar Tugcan Alp , Kirkizlar Onur , Soyluoglu Selin , Umit Elif Gulsum , Ustun Funda , Demir Ahmet Muzaffer
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

In this study, we aimed to reveal the incidence of ≥3 focal lesions (FLs) and analyze overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) according to the number of FLs, as well as to identify mortality and PFS risk factors, in our newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 89 NDMM patients who underwent 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (PET/CT) imaging were included in the study.

Results:

While 57.3% of the patients had ≥3 FLs, 20.2% had no FL. The median OS and PFS were 55 and 43 months, respectively. The median survival time was 49 months for patients with ≥3 FLs and 101 months for patients with <3 FLs, with a statistically significant difference (P = 0.049). The median PFS was 34 months in patients with ≥3 FLs and 67 months in patients with <3 FLs; this difference was also statistically significant (P = 0.026). The difference in median survival was statistically significant, based on whether autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) was performed and the number of FLs (≥3 or <3) (P = 0.011). In the multivariate regression analysis, ≥3 FLs was not a predictor of mortality but was a risk factor for PFS.

Conclusion:

In our study, we observed significantly worse OS and PFS in patients with ≥3 FLs at diagnosis, and it is noteworthy that the OS was worse in those patients who did not undergo ASCT. 18F-FDG PET/CT is a feasible imaging technique for the prediction of prognosis in the initial evaluation of NDMM, and we believe that consolidation with ASCT as a modifiable factor, especially in patients with ≥3 FLs, will lead to a more favorable prognosis.
In vitro Study to Compare Stability and Homogeneity of Various Routinely Used Meals for Gastric Emptying Scintigraphy (GES) for Solids and Validating Radiolabeled Idli (Savory Cake) as an Improved Alternate Vegetarian Meal
Authors: Rajai Prathamesh , Singh Natasha , Shivdasani Divya , Pereira Melwika
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

The purpose of the study was to compare the stability and homogeneity of various routinely used meals for gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES) for solids and to validate an improved vegetarian well uniformly radiolabeled solid meal for GES, which is easily fully consumed by patients in view of their common symptoms in such indications and in keeping with Indian food culture.

Materials and Methods:

Following various types of solid meal preparations were labeled with 3 mCi of 99 mTc sulfur colloid (SC), and image of each meal was acquired on General Electric (GE) Infinia Hawkeye 4 camera: (1) Meal of 4 slice bread + 20 g butter with calorific value ≈ 356 kcal. (2) 4 slice bread + 30 g jam with calorific value ≈ 332 kcal. (3) 4 slice bread + 70 ml of milk with calorific value ≈ 243 kcal. (4) 150 g of sagu (sabudana) +5 ml refined vegetable oil + 10 g peanuts (sagu khichdi) with calorific value ≈ 324 kcal. (5) 4 idli + 2 tablespoon green chutney with calorific value ≈ 280 kcal. (6) 70 g wheat + 50 ml water + 5 ml refined vegetable oil with calorific value ≈ 237 kcal. (7) Meal of 75 g of idli mix + 80 ml water + 10 g butter with calorific value ≈ 310 kcal. All radiolabeled meals were subjected to the radiolabeled stability test procedure to calculate labeling efficiency which was compared.

Results:

Idli meal prepared with radiotracer added to the batter mixture itself, with a calorific value ≈ 310 kcal showed the highest uniform Tc99 m SC distribution in comparison to all other meal preparations.

Conclusions:

Radiolabeled idli (savory cake) prepared with radiotracer added to the batter mixture itself, appears to be an ideal vegetarian meal in comparison to all other meal preparations for gastric emptying scintigraphy studies, especially among patients with specific dietary restrictions.
Eosinophilic dermatitis in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Prasad Supriya , Jacob Priya M. , Nandkumar G , Vasudevan Jayasudha A. , Nair Sreejith G
Published: January 2025

Hematological malignancies are known to have cutaneous manifestations, either in the form of direct infiltration of skin by malignant cells or as a result of paraneoplastic syndrome. Many hematological malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), are known to cause malignancy-induced Eosinophilic Dermatoses. We present a case of an elderly woman who presented with multiple pruritic patches. On clinical examination, the patient had multiple enlarged lymph nodes in the cervical and inguinal regions. The total leucocyte count was elevated and peripheral blood examination showed atypical lymphocytes. Flow cytometry was suggestive of CLL. The skin biopsy was suggestive of Eosinophilic Dermatoses in a case of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. We should be aware of this entity as they mimic insect bites, urticaria, and other skin conditions both histologically and clinically and to avoid a diagnostic pitfall.
Invasive stratified mucin-producing carcinoma of the cervix: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Garima  , Nambiar Kaniyappan , Mahajan Prerna , Tanveer Nadeem , Sharma Sonal , Gupta Bindiya
Published: January 2025

Invasive stratified mucin-producing carcinoma (ISMC) is a rare, recently described subtype of HPV-associated cervical adenocarcinoma. It shows varied morphological patterns, making it difficult to diagnose, especially the mixed forms. A 57-year-old female, P7L7, presented with postmenopausal bleeding for the past five months. On per-vaginal examination, a friable cervical growth was noted. Microscopic examination of the cervical biopsy showed an invasive tumor composed of nests of stratified columnar cells with peripheral palisading and a variable amount of (alcian blue-positive) intracytoplasmic mucin. Another component of the tumor showed sheets and nests of undifferentiated tumor cells. IHC on both components showed diffuse positivity for P16, PAX8, and keratin 7. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of ISMC was made. Awareness of the morphological features and ancillary stain results of ISMC can aid in picking up the diagnosis in a small biopsy. These findings have prognostic value, as most cases of ISMC behave aggressively.
Single-docking robot-assisted radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy with partial left nephrectomy in a patient with synchronous pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm and clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Petric Miha , Bregar Manca , Grosek Jan , Tomažic Aleš , Hawlina Simon
Published: January 2025

The synchronous occurrence of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (PNEN) and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) in one patient is extremely rare. Synchronous resection of both tumours is preferred over a two-stage procedure if possible. The robotic da Vinci Xi platform allows for multi-quadrant surgery with oncological outcomes comparable to those of laparoscopic or open surgery. We present the case report of an 80-year-old male who underwent synchronous resection of a PNEN in the tail of the pancreas and ccRCC in the left kidney. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report on this topic.
An assessment of facial surgical scars
Authors: Lauer Günter , Choi Byung-Ho , Pradel Winnie
Published: January 2025

A standardised method for assessing facial scars after surgical incisions does not exist in today's literature. The purpose of this paper is to present an assessment method for facial surgical scars. In this study a scar assessment rating scale has been applied to evaluate four criteria: width, height, pliability, and colour of the scar. The scores of all four criteria were added up to form an overall score for each scar. This system was used in a prospective study on 65 facial scars in three different locations of the face and neck region each over a period of six months. The results showed that the assessment system gave a comprehensive view of the scars in one figure and allowed for evaluating of facial scars at different locations and at certain points in time. When comparing the scars of different locations at each point in time, submandibular scars produced the least desirable aesthetic results. The longitudinal improvement of the scars could be verified by the assessment system. We conclude that this rating scale system appears to be a feasible tool for assessing surgical scars, allowing for longitudinal comparison of scars as well as for comparison of different scars of different locations.
Simultaneous immediate loading of maxillary and mandibular Brånemark System® Implants with a fixed provisional prosthesis in completely edentulous upper and lower jaws
Authors: Chow James
Published: January 2025

Providing immediate function to the dental implant patients is the ultimate goal in implant dentistry. Clinicians have attempted different methods to deliver immediate loading with various degrees of success1-6. The objective of loading the dental implants immediately is to optimize the implant treatment with respect to patient-centered simplification. The Brånemark System® Novum, which has been recently introduced by Professor Brånemark and coworkers, as a new treatment concept for completely edentulous mandibles illustrates this objective very well (Figure 1 and 2)6-7. The Novum technique combines precision surgery together with engineering using prefabricated titanium surgical and prosthetic components. It allows the clinicians to deliver the definitive prostheses to the edentulous mandibular patients on the same day of implant placement. However, the Novum protocol is a non-forgiving procedure, which is very technique demanding.
Temporomandibular joint ankylosis
Authors: R Murugesan , WM Wan Mustafa
Published: January 2025

Bony ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint in a male patient as a result of bilateral condylar fracture due to road traffic accident is reported. Pre operatively there was an expectation that he may require treatment on both joints but however with gap arthroplasty and temporalis interpositional graft on the left temporomandibular joint and a coronoidectomy procedure on the right side, the mouth opening was satisfactory. It is important that patients with joint injuries are followed upon on long-term basis so as to allow early diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular joint ankylosis. The range of treatment available for temporomandibular joint ankylosis is discussed in general.
Osteogenic Sarcoma of the Maxilla – A Five-Year Experience at National University of Malaysia Hospital
Authors: Ramli R , Roslan AR , Putra Primuharsa SHA
Published: January 2025

Osteosarcoma is a rare malignancy of the head and neck region. Surgical excision with wide margin remains the gold standard of treatment. Early and aggressive surgical intervention coupled with chemotherapy has been shown to increase the median overall survival rate of the patient.

We present five cases of osteosarcoma of the maxilla seen at National University of Malaysia Hospital within a five-year period (1999-2004). None of the five patients were free from disease at the time of this report. Late presentation or defaulted treatment reduced their chance of cure. The aim of this paper is to share our experience in the management of osteosarcoma of the maxilla.
Sublingual Epidermoid Cyst Mimicking Plunging Ranula
Authors: S Khairul , Putra Primuharsa SHA , R Ramli
Published: January 2025

Epidermoid cyst is an uncommon developmental anomaly in the oral cavity. We report a case of 28-year old Malay woman, who presented with a history of progressive, painless swelling of the floor of the mouth for three months which mimicking plunging ranula. The cyst was removed under general anaesthesia via an intraoral approach and histopathological examination revealed an epidermoid cyst. The clinical features and surgical approaches were discussed.
Parotid Surgery in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre
Authors: Putra SHA Primuharsa , Mahfudz Z , Mazita A , Ramli R
Published: January 2025

The aims of this study were to determine demographic data associated with parotid tumour in a local setting; to study the management and to discuss the complication of parotid surgery. We reviewed case records of 37 patients with parotid tumour who underwent parotid surgery in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre(UKMMC). Twenty-nine of these were benign while eight were malignant. Sensitivity and specificity of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for the malignant diseases were 62.5% and 100% respectively, whereas for benign diseases, sensitivity and specificity were 89.7% and 71.4% respectively. 37.8% had facial paresis, 10.8% had recurrent disease and 5.4% had Frey's syndrome. There was one mortality in this cohort. Even though our cohort was small, the result of our study is comparable with other studies in the world literature.
Salivary Gland Abscess
Authors: Mahfudz Z , Putra SHA Primuharsa , Marina MB , Ramli R
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVES:

To determine demographic data, symptoms, radiology, microbiology and complications of salivary gland abscess and to compare between parotid and submandibular glands abscess.

STUDY DESIGN:

Retrospective study in a tertiary referral teaching hospital.

METHODS:

We reviewed case records of 17 patients with salivary gland abscess who underwent drainage under general anaesthesia in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre from January 1998 to June 2003.

RESULT:

There were 9 males and 8 females. The mean age was 33.71 years with a range of 3 years to 73 years old. The most common age group was from 20 to 29 years old. Half of the patients developed symptoms within 10 days before seeking for treatment. The mean volume of pus evacuated for submandibular abscess was 10.1 millilitres (mls) whereas for parotid abscess was 17.17 mls. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was the most common organism isolated. Majority of patients underwent simple incision and drainage while two other patients underwent exploration and drainage. Four patients developed complications which include recurrent facial nerve palsy and sepsis.

CONCLUSION:

Acute suppurative sialadenitis is in reducing trend in this era of antibiotics. Findings in our series were consistent with other series in the world literature.
Herniation of the buccal fat pad
Authors: Royan Stephen Joseph
Published: January 2025

Traumatic herniation of the buccal fat pad into the oral cavity is an unusual occurrence only seen in children, hence often unrecognized. A case in a 2¾-year old girl seen three days after injury is reported to demonstrate the value of early recognition and treatment.
Endoscopically assisted surgical removal of osteoma from the condylar neck mandible – an experience
Authors: Lee Jeremy JK , Jalil Norma , Adnan Khairulzaman , Nordin Zul Izzi
Published: January 2025

Removing a lesion arising from the condylar neck usually needs an extraoral preauricular incision for good access and visibility. However with the introduction of endoscopes the lesion in the condylar neck can be removed intraorally through a small incision. As the lesion is hidden behind the coronoid process a decision was made to do a coronoidectomy for better access and improve visibilty to the area to facilitate the cut and its removal.

We present a case whereby an osteoma arising from the condylar neck was removed intraorally assisted with endoscopes.
Clinical Practice Guidelines – A Lack of Awareness, Compliance or Relevance?
Authors: Xin Terk Hui , Balasundram Sathesh
Published: January 2025

Aims and objectives:

To determine the level of awareness, compliance and the perception of relevance among dental officers towards CPGs.

Method:

Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to dental officers serving in the Ministry of Health in Johor state, who had served more than one year. The questionnaire contained questions related to two clinical practice guidelines (CPG) in Malaysia namely (1) Antibiotic Prophylaxis against Wound Infection for Oral Surgical Procedure (2003) and (2) Management of Unerupted and Impacted Third Molar Teeth (2005).

Result:

A total of sixty dental practitioners were involved in this study. 56 subjects (93.3%) were aware of CPGs in general while 41 officers (68.3%) and 45 officers (75.0%) were aware of the presence of the guidelines (1) and (2), respectively. 8.3% of subjects had 76-100% of awareness on all CPGs, whereas for CPG (1) and (2), only 6.6% and 18.3% of subjects achieved 76-100% of awareness respectively. 58.3% of officers were compliant to the CPGs, 38.7% of them only partially and 5% revealed non-compliance. Only 5% of officers complied 76-100% with CPG (1), while for CPG (2), 21.6% of officers showed 76-100% compliance. 90% and 100% of participants, respectively, agree that CPGs (1) & (2) were very relevant to their clinical practice.

Conclusion:

Most clinicians are aware and agree that CPGs are a relevant and vital part of evidence-based practice. However, practitioners themselves must become familiar with both the guidelines and the rationale behind them.
Incidental finding of sarcocystis spp in two glossectomy specimens for squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Jalil Ajura A , Hin Lau Shin
Published: January 2025

Sarcocystis species are intracellular protozoan parasites which require two- host life cycle based on a prey-predator host relationship. Sarcocystis spp form cysts in diverse intermediate hosts such as humans, horses, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, birds, rodents, wildlife, and reptiles. The cysts vary in size from a few micrometers to several centimeters, depending on the host and species. High prevalence of human skeletal muscle sarcocystosis was reported in south-east Asia particularly in Malaysia. Muscular sarcocystosis is transmitted through the oral-faecal route by ingestion of sporocysts via contaminated food or drink. Symptoms of muscular sarcocystosis include fever, persistent myalgia and episodic weakness. During the routine histopathological examination for glossectomy specimens for squamous cell carcinoma, incidental finding of two cases of sarcocystosis were found in two females. It was not known whether these two patients had symptoms of muscular sarcocystosis or prior ingestion of contaminated food and drink. Sarcocystis infection presents little health hazard to humans as the parasite is destroyed by cooking. However, many patients probably consume food or drink contaminated with the sporocysts unknowingly and then develops muscular sarcocystosis which may go undiagnosed as the infection may present only as mild symptoms.
Fracture of mandible associated with third molar surgery
Authors: Mun Yuen Kar
Published: January 2025

Aim:

Serves as a reminder of an uncommon but significant complication related to impacted third molar surgery.

Iatrogenic mandibular fracture following surgery to remove an impacted third molar is a rare event. Indeed it is not a complication routinely discussed with the patient during the process of informed consent. However, the consequence of this injury is significant for both the patient and clinician. In this article, we describe one such event associated with attempted removal of an impacted fused/germinated wisdom tooth. The main presenting features were persistent pain and inability to chew after the attempted surgery. A remedial surgery was undertaken to remove the wisdom tooth and plate the fracture. This case report also briefly reviews the literature for possible etiologies and preventive strategies.
Autogenous blood injection (ABI) for the treatment of recurrent dislocation of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) – a case report
Authors: Seng CS , Zainal SAJS , Bustaman AF
Published: January 2025

Recurrent temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation can be treated non- surgically, surgically or in a combination of both approaches. Autogenous blood injection (ABI) into TMJ cavity and pericapsular tissue has been advocated by many authorities to be a safe and effective treatment modality. Here, we would like to share our experience on the management of recurrent TMJ dislocation in a 29-year-old air force serviceman by employing ABI. The post-operative swelling was minimal and persisted for only 3 days. At 2 months follow up, the recovery was uneventful with significant improvement of his TMJ dislocation.
Supraomohyoid Neck Dissection – How We Do It!
Authors: Yahiya MA , Tong J , Zhang CP
Published: January 2025

Cancer of the oral cavity has a high rate of occult metastases in the N0 neck. Supraomohyoid neck dissection (SOHND) is performed in conjunction with the primary tumour excision to improve regional control. The author describes how SOHND is performed at the centre with some technical tips and explanations
Oral Myiasis
Authors: Ismail MRY
Published: January 2025

Oral myiasis is a rare pathological condition as a result of larvae infestation of human tissues. It is usually associated with neglect of personal hygiene secondary to mental or physical disabilities. A case of oral myiasis caused by larvae in a 50 year old male patient with poor manual dexterity associated with neurological deficit is reported.
Lateral arthroplasty as a treatment for type III temporomandibular joint ankylosis
Authors: Mustafa WM , Ferdinand JK
Published: January 2025

This case report shows the sensibility of saving the fractured condyle and disc in their displaced position when treating ankylosis type III for optimal temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function. A 19 year old female patient presenting with a maximal mouth opening of 4 mm and severely limited lateral and protrusive movements for 3 years' duration was diagnosed with bilateral TMJ ankylosis type III. The ankylosed sites were resected, leaving the displaced condyle and disc in their medial position. Five years after surgery, the patients had an improved maximal mouth opening of 28 mm, as well as better excursions of the temporomandibular joint condyles thus allowing the removal of an impacted symptomatic lower wisdom tooth. Our experience with this case supports a less aggressive approach of retaining the displaced condyle and disc and removal of the ankylosed portion of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in the treatment of type III ankylosis of the TMJ. The condyle and disc may be left untouched in their medial position so as to provide normal function.
The management of an impacted first permanent lower molar
Authors: Mustafa Wan Mahadzir , Jirom Maria , Hamdan Mukhriz
Published: January 2025

Unerupted or impacted lower first permanent molars are a rare finding. Nevertheless their presence should be suspected when there is delay in eruption of the tooth compared with the contralateral counterpart. Impaction or retention of the first permanent molar presents with several therapeutic approaches. However early diagnosis and treatment gives the clinician more options in the management of these cases. We report a case of impacted permanent lower first molar and discuss the management of one such case in a 20 years old Chinese male. Multidisciplinary cooperation between the oral surgery and orthodontics specialty is necessary for a successful outcome.
Optimizing Stability of Segmental Le Fort 1 Osteotomy in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patient Using Cobalt Chromium Palatal Bar
Authors: Fattah Syed Yusoff Alzawawi Syed Abd , Hariri Firdaus , Rahman Zainal Ariff AB
Published: January 2025

Le Fort 1 osteotomy is a common procedure in cleft orthognathic surgery. However, the stability of the segmentalized maxillary bone components remains a major issue as it contributes to the long term successful surgical outcome. Based on the literature, the unilateral cleft anterior segment has the tendency to relapse back due to the high soft tissue tension and lack of rigidity of the device used for example acrylic splint or an archbar to maintain the surgically corrected maxillary arch position and alignment. An eighteen year old Malay male presented with a repaired left unilateral cleft lip and palate came complaining of anterior open bite on the left cleft side. He underwent unilateral segmental Le Fort 1 osteotomy on the cleft segments and the arch was stabilized with a customized Cobalt-Chromium (Co-Cr) palatal bar and stainless steel wire. Post-operative 1 year and 8 months later shows good healing with no relapse. Our novel technique of using Co-Cr palatal bar provide adequate post-operative support and can be applied by surgeons in segmental cleft orthognathic surgeries.
The combined Platysma and temporalis Flap
Authors: Mustafa Wan Mahadzir , Adnan Khairulzaman bin
Published: January 2025

The platysma flap is an under appreciated flap for soft tissue reconstruction in the oral region. Besides being conveniently located in the area adjacent to the defect the flap gives good colour match and has a high success rate in selected cases. We report our experience with the use of this flap in combination with the temporalis muscle flap to reconstruct the full thickness cheek defect in one patient.
A Rare Case of Multisystem Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in an Adult with Pathological Fracture of Mandible
Authors: Ee Khoo Su , bin Hamdan Mukhriz , Mun Yuen Kar
Published: January 2025

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare proliferative disease which is rare among adults, with an estimated 1-2 cases per million adult populations. LCH may involve multiple organs, however in the maxillofacial region, it often affects the skull and jaws including the oral soft tissue. The etiology and pathogenesis of LCH is unclear. We present a case of a 28-year-old Malay male who presented with a complaint of pain in the left lower jaw. He had undergone multiple tooth extractions due to mobility and pain. Clinically the oral mucosa around the extraction socket were inflamed and ulcerative. OPG showed multiple punched out radiolucencies on the maxilla and mandible. Histopathological examination (HPE) and computed tomography (CT) reported it as LCH. Patient was referred to haematologist and was planned for systemic chemotherapy, however he defaulted his follow-up. He was presented to us again about a year later with a pathological fracture at the symphysis region. He was then admitted under the Haematology unit and underwent chemotherapy. On the last review, OPG showed spontaneous unification of the fractured mandible and overall significant reduction of the radiolucent lesions.
A Rare Presentation of Ludwig's Angina Complicated by Necrotizing Fasciitis
Authors: Na Siaw Yean , Ghazali Nurlidiah Md , Ramasamy Sundrarajan Naidu
Published: January 2025

Ludwig's angina is a rapidly progressive cellulitis affecting the submandibular, sublingual and submental spaces. Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare soft tissue infection resulting in the death of subcutaneous and fascial tissue. Ludwig's angina can seldom be complicated by necrotizing fasciitis. We report here a rare presentation of extreme life threatening Ludwig's angina complicated by necrotizing fasciitis in a 35-year-old healthy male. Multiple incision and drainage and extensive wound debridement of necrotic tissue were carried out under general anaesthesia. His wound healing was further complicated with oral cutaneous fistula formation and required daily dressing. This case illustrates the urgency of prompt diagnosis and management. Innocuous dental caries if left untreated, can potentially be life threatening.
Eroded left condyle secondary to Necrotizing Otitis Externa
Authors: Raj Vinesh S , Hasbullah Nurdiyana , Kovipillai Ferdinand J
Published: January 2025

Necrotizing (malignant) external otitis is a relatively rare complication of external otitis. It occurs primarily in immunocompromised persons, especially older persons with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. It is often initiated by self-inflicted or iatrogenic trauma to the external auditory canal. The necrosis may spread to base of skull and with time might descend to the temporomandibular joint area including the condyle. Treatment includes correction of immunosuppressive state, local treatment of the auditory canal, long-term systemic antibiotic therapy and, in selected patients, surgery. Here we report on a rare case of 71 year old Indian male patient with necrotizing external otitis complicated by condyle erosion.
Susuk
Authors: Tay Hui Wen , Ng Kar Tsyeng , Namkabir Singh , Awang Rithuan , Kovipillai Ferdinand J
Published: January 2025

‘Susuk’ is a superstitious and traditional practice common in the Southeast Asian region. Believed to bring and enhance the beauty, health, wealth and strength of its wearers, these talismans called charm needles are inserted subcutaneously in different areas of the body but more commonly the orofacial region. A 28-year-old Malay gentleman presented with pain at the left cheek for one week. He claimed to have charm needles inserted by a traditional practitioner 4 years ago in his face and hands. Clinical examination was unremarkable except for a vaguely palpable area of firm tissue at the site of complaint. CBCT imaging showed a radiopaque foreign object measuring 1cm, resembling a hook-like needle. Surgical removal of the charm needle was done under local anaesthesia in our department with no complications. Interestingly, little or no reports have been found on the possible adverse effects, signs and symptoms or complications of ‘susuk’. It is increasingly being discovered as incidental radiographic finding and generally, no definitive treatment is required. However, a misdiagnosis of endodontic fillings, amalgam retention pins, brachytherapy beads or surgical clips may be possible and hence an awareness of this traditional practice is vital to prevent any mismanagement.
“My jaw feels heavy”
Authors: Ee Khoo Su , Manurgar Hema Khriyah , Mun Yuen Kar
Published: January 2025

Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is characterized clinically by weakness of the skeletal muscle and fatigability on exertion. Frequently, patients will initially present with an ocular symptom of ptosis, diplopia or both. On rare occasions, patients may present to the dentist with a peculiar complaint. We report a patient who complained of a ‘heavy and dropping’ jaw. He was unable to occlude or masticate, making him resort to manually moving his lower jaw during meal times. This condition usually worsened as the day progressed. Upon further evaluation, MG was confirmed. With treatment, the patient was able to occlude and achieved maximum intercuspation without any guidance. This case report discusses a case of newly diagnosed MG that presented with a rare and uncommon complaint of a weak mandible with inability to masticate. We have highlighted specific clinical features of MG to allow prompt recognition as well as discussion on dental management of such patient when presenting to a dentist.
Generalized Casimir operators for loop Lie superalgebras
Authors: Das Abhishek , Pattanayak Santosha
Published: January 2025

Let

$\mathfrak{g}$

be the queer superalgebra

$\operatorname {\mathfrak{q}}(n)$

over the field of complex numbers

$\mathbb C$

. For any associative, commutative, and finitely generated

$\mathbb C$

-algebra A with unity, we consider the loop Lie superalgebra

$\mathfrak{g} \otimes A$

. We define a class of central operators for

$\mathfrak{g} \otimes A$

, which generalizes the classical Gelfand invariants. We show that they generate the algebra

$U(\mathfrak{g} \otimes A)^{\mathfrak{g}}$

. We also show that there are no non-trivial

$\mathfrak{g}$

-invariants of

$U(\mathfrak{g} \otimes A)$

where

$\mathfrak{g}=\mathfrak{p}(n)$

, the periplectic Lie superalgebra.
Non-stationary Itô–Kawada and ergodic theorems for random isometries
Authors: Monakov Grigorii V.
Published: January 2025

We consider a non-stationary sequence of independent random isometries of a compact metrizable space. Assuming that there are no proper closed subsets with deterministic image, we establish a weak-* convergence to the unique invariant under isometries measure, ergodic theorem and large deviation type estimate. We also show that all the results can be carried over to the case of a random walk on a compact metrizable group. In particular, we prove a non-stationary analog of classical Itô–Kawada theorem and give a new alternative proof for the stationary case.