bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Autopercepção de saúde dos motoristas de transporte coletivo
Authors: Garbaccio Juliana Ladeira , Pereira Iury Augusto Otoni
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar a autopercepção de saúde dos motoristas de ônibus urbanos. Método: Estudo transversal com 324 motoristas de transporte coletivo de Belo Horizonte/Minas Gerais por meio de questionário estruturado sobre perfil socioeconômico/profissional, condições de saúde, hábitos alimentares, dados vitais e antropométricos dos motoristas. A variável independente autopercepção de saúde foi dicotomizada em “boa/ruim”, analises estatísticas pelos testes Qui-quadrado, Exato de Fisher e Regressão de Poison. Resultados: Sexo masculino (99,1%), pardos (48,5%), casados (67,5%), com ensino médio (59%). A “boa” autopercepção de saúde foi referida por 72,8%, sendo associada (p<0,05) a ausência de doença crônica (78,1%), não utilizar medicação contínua (77,4%), ausência de dores musculoesquelética (84,3%); na regressão houve associação com não possuir hipertensão arterial sistêmica, dor de cabeça, dores em membros inferiores, estar satisfeito com o dono da empresa e não ser fumante. Os motoristas apresentam uma boa autopercepção de saúde apesar de fatores laborais e ambientais desfavoráveis que eles reconhecem, ademais eles possuem limitações na percepção de saúde e no conceito de saúde como ausência de doença.
Crime e castigo: breves notas sobre presídios brasileiros e penas alternativas
Authors: Florêncio Roberto Remígio , Costa Enio Silva da
Published: October 2021

Os presídios brasileiros são lugares de depósitos de seres humanos, históricos e duplamente marginalizados pela sociedade. O desprezo aos internos do sistema carcerário brasileiro e o preconceito aos egressos desse sistema dificultam o processo de ressocialização e entrada ou retorno ao mundo do trabalho e da dignidade. O presente manuscrito objetiva lançar uma luz sobre as propostas de alternativas às penas de prisão, ao tempo que indica possibilidades de mudanças paradigmáticas em relação aos encarcerados. A metodologia é baseada na revisão bibliográfica e análise documental, tendo como suporte a Legislação Prisional atualizada, observando as normas e os decretos que versam sobre a aplicação de penas alternativas e o sistema educacional dentro dos presídios. Nas conclusões, os autores apontam para a formação de uma consciência humanizada sobre a mercantilização das vidas encarceradas, em relação direta com o processo de educação para a vida, dentro e fora dos presídios brasileiros.
A educomunicação e o jornalismo como ferramenta de ensino na aprendizagem para alunos Ensino Médio
Authors: Aragão Juliana Soares , Fonseca Maria da Conceição Vinciprova
Published: October 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo construir, com a utilização da Educomunicação e do Jornalismo, uma estratégia lúdica de ensino/aprendizagem para alunos do Ensino Médio, especificamente ligada à saúde e ao meio ambiente, que colabore para o desenvolvimento da autonomia dos alunos. Este estudo envolve a transdisciplinaridade, isto é, disciplinas que colaboram entre si, sendo, portanto, um conceito integrador. A proposta vem ao encontro do ambiente contemporâneo, que faz uso de mídias e ferramentas virtuais para transformar o comum, o cotidiano, em tarefa que possa ser usada para educar, aprender e ensinar. Sendo assim, foi pensado o projeto desta pesquisa, que foi inicialmente submetido ao Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos, tendo sido aprovado com o número 16258819.0.0000.5237. Foi então aplicada uma oficina para alunos de uma escola pública de Barra Mansa-RJ, que deveriam participar da elaboração, apuração e produção do produto final deste trabalho: um vídeo-reportagem, feito usando o processo de vídeos gravados, via celulares, pelos próprios alunos. O resultado do trabalho, feito dentro e fora de sala de aula com a utilização de ferramentas midiáticas, evidencia que a busca pela notícia, a apuração da informação se tornam grandes aliados a pontos motivadores de conhecimento ligados à autonomia e criticidade do aluno, o produto deste trabalho constituindo um instrumento de ensino a ser divulgado e experimentado por outros docentes.
Associativismo e Percepção do Mercado de Trabalho: uma amostra desta relação entre fisioterapeutas
Authors: Tommaso Maria Cristina de Carvalho , Silva Elidiane Aparecida da , Poloniato Gildelice Stival
Published: October 2021

Este artigo pretende identificar o grau de associativismo entre fisioterapeutas e a percepção do mercado de trabalho na região sulfluminense para estes profissionais. Para FREIDSON (1994) o grau de associativismo reflete uma categoria organizada, que controla seu trabalho e quem a ele pode se credenciar. Este estudo mostra como fisioterapeutas  percebem que o aumento do número de profissionais repercute-se no mercado de trabalho, o médio grau de associativismo entre os entrevistados, o grau de satisfação com os órgãos que os representam e suas expectativas para mercado de trabalho na região em que estão. A pesquisa aponta ainda, que as profissões mais antigas são modelo de profissionalismo. Enquanto isso, estudos de orientação de escolha profissional revelam a importância do comportamento dos profissionais na formação da identidade profissional. Portanto, de que forma estes sentimentos norteiam comportamentos e podem influenciar jovens que pretendem ingressar ou ingressaram recentemente na profissão.
MAPEAMENTO E PADRONIZAÇÃO DE PROCESSOS EM UMA QUEIJARIA ARTESANAL
Authors: Rosa Ariane Ferreira Porto , Breide Philippe Rieffel , Royer Rogério
Published: October 2021

Dado o cenário geral atual, contemplando âmbito financeiro, cultural e social, produtos de origem artesanais, manufaturados diretamente do produtor, vem obtendo mais ênfase ao decorrer dos anos. Visando a implementação de técnicas e ferramentas em produções de caráter manual, este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar o mapeamento de processos de uma queijaria artesanal no interior do município do Capão do Leão/RS, assim como sugerir padronização a esses. O trabalho visa, a partir de revisão bibliográfica e de estudo de caso aplicar ferramentas gerenciais de mapeamento de processos, podendo assim padroniza-los, visando organizar instrumentos, racionalizando a produção, culminando em minimização dos custos, com efetiva qualidade. Os resultados obtidos no estudo de caso foram a efetiva implementação de padronização das operações e novo arranjo físico mais adequado ao processo produtivo artesanal.
A AVALIAÇÃO DA CURCUMINA E ANÁLOGOS COMO POTENCIAIS INIBIDORES DA ENZIMA UREASE
Authors: Araujo Débora Pereira , Silva Emanuel Henrique da
Published: October 2021

As ureases são enzimas que catalisam a hidrólise da ureia, formando amônia, gás carbônico e água. A hidrólise da ureia desempenha um papel importante no ciclo do nitrogênio, pois fornece esse elemento para o crescimento de microrganismos e plantas. Entretanto, a ação excessiva da urease leva à vários problemas em organismos vivos e, também, pode causar danos ambientais e econômicos. Os inibidores de urease podem ser uma boa alternativa para o tratamento de doenças causadas por microrganismos patogênicos dependentes da enzima urease. A curcumina, um produto natural obtido da Curcuma longa, é conhecida no Brasil como açafrão, e possui uma estrutura com capacidade de complexar metais, tornando-a um potencial inibidor de metaloproteínas, como a urease. Por esse motivo, nesse trabalho foi avaliado o potencial de interação da curcumina e de onze análogos com o sítio ativo da enzima urease utilizando os programas Autodock e Mopac2016. Os resultados mostraram que nove compostos possuem maior interação com o sítio ativo da enzima urease quando comparados com o substrato ureia, apresentando energias de ligação entre -7,24 e -5,12 kcal/mol, enquanto a ureia apresentou energia de ligação igual a -4,10 kcal/mol. O produto natural curcumina ficou na quinta posição, apresentando energia de ligação de -6,21 kcal/mol, demonstrando grande potencial para o uso como inibidor da enzima urease.
Beyond the Veil: Exploring Muslim Women’s Multidimensional Identities in Laila Aboulela’s The Translator and Mohja Kahf’s The Girl in the Tangerine Scarf
Authors: Ouhiba Nawel Meriem
Published: October 2021

The article presents a critical analysis of two novels by contemporary Arab Muslim women writers, Leila Aboulela and Mohja Kahf. The article examines how these authors critique, resist, and disrupt the hegemonic discourse that presents Muslim women as a monolithic and homogeneous category. In The Translator and The Girl in Tangerine Scarf respectively, the female protagonists’ religious experiences and identities are studied with reference to resistance narratives and disruptive postcolonial strategies. The unsettling of the monolithic image of veiled Muslim women is hereby pursued through providing an analysis of the cultural imagery of Muslim women, to deconstruct the image of the veil in today’s world.
Automated Student Attendance Management System Using Face Recognition
Authors: Ahire Prof. Sandhya , Jadhao Rupali , Gawai Vaishali , Giri Pooja
Published: October 2021

Automated face reputation (AFR) technologies have made many improvements inside the converting international. Clever Attendance using actual-Time Face popularity is an actual-international solution that comes with the day after day activities of handling pupil attendance machine. Face recognition-based attendance machine is a process of spotting the student's face for taking attendance through using face bio-metrics primarily based on high-definition display video and different facts generation. In my face recognition assignment, a computer system can be able to find and apprehend human faces speedy and precisely in pictures or movies which might be being captured via a surveillance digital camera. Several algorithms and techniques were advanced for enhancing the performance of face reputation but the idea to be carried out here is deep getting to know. It allows in the conversion of the frames of the video into photos so that the face of the student can be effortlessly recognized for his or her attendance so that the attendance database can be effortlessly pondered automatically. Inside the ever-changing world, automatic face reputation (AFR) systems have finished numerous advancements. Smart Attendance with real-Time Face popularity is a sensible alternative for handling student attendance systems on a day-by-day foundation. Face reputation-primarily based attendance device is a way of recognizing a student's face for the motive of taking attendance, primarily based on high-resolution facial biometrics.
Exodus 1–18
Authors: Propp William H. C.
Published: October 2021

The Book of Exodus is without a doubt one of the most eventful and important books of the Bible. William H. Propp's "Exodus 1-18" is a masterful translation, exploration, and analysis of the book's first eighteen chapters, which center around the dramatic conflict between the God of Israel and the pharaoh of Egypt over the fate of the Israelite slaves. With divine intervention and Moses on their side, the enslaved descendants of Abraham manage a harrowing escape across the parted Red Sea, leading to the birth of the nation of Israel. Threaded throughout this story of an oppressed people struggling for freedom are some of the most intriguing episodes in the Bible. From the discovery of Moses in a basket made of bulrushes to the story of the burning bush, from the plagues visited upon the Egyptians by God to water from rock and quail and manna from the skies, Exodus is filled with the miraculous and the dramatic.

Doubleday is proud to be, at long last, publishing the first of two Anchor Bible Commentary volumes on Exodus. Exhaustive, meticulous, and brilliantly researched, Propp's "Exodus 1-18" will be regarded as the definitive analysis of this crucial biblical text.
Exodus 19–40
Authors: Propp William H. C.
Published: October 2021

The long-awaited conclusion of William H. C. Propp’s masterful study of Exodus, this informative, clearly written commentary provides a new perspective on Israelite culture and on the role of ritual, law, and covenant in biblical religion.

Exodus 19–40 sets a new standard in biblical scholarship. Thorough and up-to-date, it is the first commentary on Exodus to include critical textual evidence from the recently edited Dead Sea Scrolls. Informed by Propp’s deep understanding of ancient cultural mores and religious traditions, it casts new light on the Israelites’ arrival at Sinai, their entry into a covenant with God, their reception of the Law, their worship of the golden calf, and their reconciliation to God. The incisive commentary on the building of the Holy Tabernacle–God’s wilderness abode–is supplemented by numerous illustrations that clarify the biblical text. Propp extends the scope and relevance of this major work in five appendices that discuss the literary formation of the Torah, the historicity of the Exodus tradition, the origins of Israelite monotheism, the Exodus theme in the Bible, and the future of Old Testament scholarship. By taking an anthropological rather than strictly theological approach, Propp places familiar stories within a fresh context. The result is a fully accessible guide to one of the most important and best known books of the Bible.
Leviticus 1–16
Authors: Milgrom Jacob
Published: October 2021

At the beginning of his academic career, author Jacob Milgrom determined to make his lifework a probing study of the Laws of the Torah. Here, with Leviticus 1-16, the first of three volumes on Leviticus, he has reached the pinnacle of his long pursuit. No other contemporary commentary matches Milgrom’s comprehensive work on this much misunderstood and often underappreciated biblical book.

In this richly detailed volume, the author traverses the shoals of legal thought and liturgical practice in ancient Israel. He clearly explains the role of the Tabernacle of the Wilderness as the all-important center of Israelite worship, the locus of the priestly orders, sacrificial rituals, and practices of purity to which the congregation repaired for penitence and reconciliation, restoration and renewal. At the heart of the dwelling place of God was the real presence of the God of Israel, present through his splendor in the midst of the camp and the congregation – a permanent sign of the unique privilege and responsibility of Israel, perceived as a worshipping and serving people.
Esther
Authors: Moore Carey A.
Published: October 2021

Esther, the biblical book named after the beautiful Jewish woman chosen by the Persian King Xerxes to be queen, is a story of love, political intrigue, and religious faithfulness. Carey A. Moore combines his treatment of scholarly issues with an engaging explanation of the popular Jewish festival of Purim.

One of three biblical and extra-biblical books named after women (Esther, Ruth, and Judith), Esther reads like a novel, with its fast-paced, action-packed story. Drawing on ancient tales of court intrigue and midrashic sources, the author captivates the reader with the story of Queen Esther, her uncle Mordecai, King Xerxes, and the royal court’s villain, Haman. The story not only entertains, it also explains the origins of the Jewish festival of Purim.

Moore deftly deals with the scholarly issues peculiar to this book without sacrificing his sensitivity to its literary quality. The uncertainty that Esther should be included in sacred Scripture stems from its apparent lack of religious elements, its absence at Qumran, and its questionable historicity. Moore takes up these issues, carefully explaining and weighing prevailing scholarly theories before registering his own conclusions on the origin, date, and purpose of the book of Esther.
Song of Songs
Authors: Pope Marvin H.
Published: October 2021

The Song of Songs has been compared to a lock for which the key was lost. Traditionally ascribed to King Solomon, the book has a sensuous imagery that has been the subject of various allegorical interpretations, chiefly as relating to Yahweh’s love for Israel or Christ’s love for the Church.

Marvin H. Pope suggests that the poem is what it seems, an unabashed celebration of sexual love, both human and divine, rooted in the fertility religions of the ancient Near East, the sacred marriage rite, and the funeral feast. A distinctive feature of his interpretation is the correlation between Love and Death. Also discussed are parallel literatures, possible Indian influences, and the significance of the Song for women’s liberation. Samples of traditional Jewish and Christian allegorical interpretations are cited for each verse.

Numerous photographs and drawings of ancient Near East origin illustrate and authenticate this provocative and controversial interpretation of Solomon’s sublime song.
II Samuel
Authors: McCarter ,   Jr. P. Kyle
Published: October 2021

II Samuel completes P. Kyle McCarter, Jr.'s study of the book of Samuel. Based upon the introduction and commentary of his first volume, McCarter continues the discussion of textual and literary sources as they relate to a reconstruction of historical events.

A key issue for McCarter is accounting for the historical circumstances that led to the composition of the book of Samuel. In dialogue with major schools of thought pertaining to the origin and transmission of the book, the author offers his scholarly opinions on its composition. McCarter presents a unique new translation based upon the latest and most extensive textual sources available, including scrolls and fragments from Qumran. Furthermore, he resolves the complicated textual history of Samuel.

P. Kyle McCarter, Jr., is William F. Albright Professor in Biblical and Near Eastern Studies at Johns Hopkins University. He holds degrees from Harvard University, McCormick Theological Seminary, and the University of Oklahoma.
II Chronicles
Authors: Myers Jacob M.
Published: October 2021

II Chronicles (Volume 13 in the acclaimed Anchor Bible Commentary series) is a crucial book for historians of the biblical period and for students of the Bible. Like I Chronicles, it has been both over- and undervalued. In recent years it has, certainly, suffered undue neglect.

However, II Chronicles is to be neither accepted as a faithful narrative of the period of biblical history from Solomon to Cyrus nor dismissed as an imaginative re-creation of that history. It must be taken as an important clue to the biblical process, for here we find the Bible quoting itself – sometimes directly, sometimes in paraphrase.

Jacob M. Myers has set before himself the enormous task of organizing and correlating the evidence to be found in II Chronicles (as well as in I Chronicles, Ezra, and Nehemiah – for which he is also the editor and translator). Meticulously, he analyzes important aspects of the Chronicler and his work – his method of composition, his conviction that to rebuild the nation of Israel one had to restore and strengthen her traditional religion, his significant post-Exilic perspective. The book also examines the vast literature on Chronicles to find what it yields toward a better understanding of the Chronicler and a fuller appreciation of his work. The appendices in the book provide a list of the parallels and paraphrases that relate Chronicles to other books of the Bible, and genealogical charts summarize the family histories to be found in Chronicles.
Psalms I 1-50
Authors: Dahood Mitchell
Published: October 2021

This is Volume 16 of The Anchor Bible, a new book-by-book translation of the Bible, each complete with an introduction and notes. Psalms I (1-50) is translated and edited by Mitchell Dahood, S.J., Professor of Ugaritic Language and Literature at The Pontifical Biblical Institute in Rome.

With Psalms, any new translation will be considered in the context of the literary achievement of the King James Version, and in the light of more recent renderings. A word of explanation is, therefore, appropriate.

"The translation offered here," Father Dahood writes, "differs from earlier efforts in that it is not the fruit of a confrontation of the Hebrew text with the ancient versions, from which the least objectionable reading is plucked." Rather, from a close examination of the original text, a unique translation has been attempted, one which relies heavily on contemporary linguistic evidence. It is a translation "accompanied by philological commentary, that lays heavy stress on the Ras-Shamra texts and other epigraphic discoveries made along the Phoenician littoral," a translation prepared in direct response to W.F. Albright's statement (made a quarter of a century ago) "that all future investigations of the book of Psalms must deal intensively with the Ugaritic texts."

This translation tries to capture as much as possible the poetic qualities of the original Hebrew. Its attempt is to render accurately not only the meaning of the Psalms but their poetic forms and rhythms as well. In this process of probing the original, Father Dahood unearths some striking examples of passages previously mistranslated, and arrives at many provocative readings.
Psalms II: 51-100
Authors: Mitchell S.J.
Published: October 2021

The bulk of Israel's religious poetry is preserved in the biblical book of Psalms. In this volume, the second of three on the Psalms, Mitchell Dahood, S.J., interprets this Hebrew poerty in light of a rich ancient collection of Ugaritic texts. Dahood's translation captures the beauty and rich texture of Hebrew poetry. It offers an accurate English rendering,framed within the dynamic poetic forms of the Hebrew text. Through the use of Ugaritic and cognate literature, Dahood corrects mistranslations and illuminates previously obscure phrases. The fruit of a masterful analysis of the original texts, this fresh translation, with its comprehensive notes and groundbreaking commentary, establishes Dahood's Psalms II (51-100) as the premier commentary on the Psalms.
Isaiah 56–66
Authors: Blenkinsopp Joseph
Published: October 2021

The concluding section of the book of Isaiah, sometimes referred to as Third or Trito Isaiah, had a profound impact on the Christian movement in its formative phase, including such central issues as the identity of the founder, the profile of the disciple, and the Gentile mission. In this thorough and informative commentary, Joseph Blenkinsopp shows that while these chapters maintain continuity with Second Isaiah, they must be considered in the light of a new set of circumstances.

The texts present a community beset by severe problems, attempting to cope with disappointed expectations and trying to maintain its faith in the reality, power, and benevolence of the God of traditional religion. Blenkinsopp discusses in detail the issues that divide the community, from concerns about the efficacy of religious practices (prayer, fasting, Sabbath observance, and sacrifice) to questions about who may claim the name of Israelite and under what conditions, to what kind of relations should be maintained with outsiders. In examining each of these topics, Blenkinsopp shows that they provide evidence of an emerging Judaism seeking its own identity and self-definition and testify to the existence of a prophetic discipleship inspired by the person and teaching of the charismatic servant whose fate is described in the previous section of Isaiah.
Jeremiah 1–20
Authors: Lundbom Jack R.
Published: October 2021

Jeremiah, long considered one of the most colorful of the ancient Israelite prophets, comes to life in Jack R. Lundbom’s Jeremiah 1-20. From his boyhood call to prophecy in 627 b.c.e., which Jeremiah tried to refuse, to his scathing judgments against the sins and hypocrisy of the people of Israel, Jeremiah charged through life with passion and emotion. He saw his fellow Israelites abandon their one true God, and witnessed the predictable outcome of their disregard for God’s word – their tragic fall to the Babylonians.

The first book of a three-volume Anchor Bible commentary, Jack R. Lundbom’s eagerly awaited exegesis of Jeremiah investigates the opening twenty chapters of this Old Testament giant. With considerable skill and erudition, Lundbom leads modern readers through this prophet’s often mysterious oracles, judgments, and visions. He quickly dispels the notion that the life and words of a seventh-century b.c.e. Israelite prophet can have no relevance for the contemporary reader. Clearly, Jeremiah was every bit as concerned as we are with issues like terrorism, hypocrisy, environmental pollution, and social justice.

This impressive work of scholarship, essential to any biblical studies curriculum, replaces John Bright’s landmark Anchor Bible commentary on Jeremiah. Like its predecessor, Jeremiah 1-20 draws on the best biblical scholarship to further our understanding of the weeping prophet and his message to the world.
Jeremiah 21–36
Authors: Lundbom Jack R.
Published: October 2021

This second book of the three-volume Anchor Bible Commentary offers an astute translation and commentary on the middle sixteen chapters of Jeremiah. Important themes in the present volume include injustice within Judah’s royal house, sexual immorality among the clergy, and true versus false prophecy. Yet the prophet who thundered Yahweh’s judgment was also the one who gave the remnant people―in oracle and in symbolic action―a promise and a hope, expressed climactically in a new and eternal covenant for future days. Here too is the only report in the Bible of an accredited scribe writing up a scroll of oracles for public reading at the Temple.

This magisterial work of scholarship is sure to be essential to any biblical studies curriculum. Jeremiah 21-36 draws on the best biblical scholarship to further our understanding of this preeminent prophet and his message to the world.
Jonah
Authors: Sasson Jack M.
Published: October 2021

Were Jonah's experiences true to the history of ancient Israel? Were they meant to be read comically, philosophically, allegorically, symbolically, or realistically? And is God godly when acting beyond the comprehension of prophets, let alone ordinary human beings?

These issues, and many more, are thoughtfully considered in this meticulously detailed and insightful translation of the original Hebrew text of Jonah as created by Jewish authorities during the second half of the first millennium B.C.E. In these profound and enduring tales, realistic events and miraculous incidents merge, and we never have to wait long to witness the power of God's love or wrath.

One of the twelve prophets, Jonah faced more challenges in a short span of time than any other biblical hero. He went to sea and nearly drowned in the belly of a great fish. On land, Jonah journeyed east to Nineveh, where his mission was to spread the word of God in a city plagued by evil. He was tested by God at every turn. But even during his darkest hours, his faith never wavered and through all the tumult, he always listened for the comforting voice of the Lord.

Author Jack M. Sasson employs the very latest information in biblical scholarship to interpret the many nuances in Jonah's seemingly simple story. Providing Greek, Hebrew, Latin, Aramaic, and, occasionally, Syriac and Arabic translations, this Anchor Bible Commentary volume is an exciting addition to the world-acclaimed series.
Micah
Authors: Andersen Francis I. , Freedman David Noel
Published: October 2021

One of the twelve Minor Prophets, Micah unwaveringly spoke God’s message to Israel?a message filled with judgment but also laced with the promise of redemption. Micah combined poetic complexity and literary sophistication to compel his audience to respond. And now, through an exacting linguistic and literary analysis of the biblical text, coauthors Francis I. Andersen and David Noel Freedman explain what Micah meant to his contemporaries, as well as what his message means to readers today.

What sets Micah apart is the attention it pays to the details of the prophet’s original text. The commentary is descriptive rather than speculative, philological rather than theological. With unusual care, the authors—two of the world’s leading Bible scholars—examine the features of Micah's biblical Hebrew and prophetic discourse. They discover the use of a special kind of language, which, in its poetic composition, differs significantly from the language of classical Hebrew prose.

At the zenith of their careers, masters of all relevant disciplines, Andersen and Freedman are the perfect duo to unlock the words of this challenging prophet.
Ephesians 4–6
Authors: Barth Markus
Published: October 2021

Encompassing the body of Pauline theology, Ephesians (volumes 34 and 34A of the acclaimed Anchor Bible series) has been called "the crown of St. Paul's writings," yet both its authorship and addressees are the subject of continuing dispute. Through line-by-line examination of its vocabulary, its difficult style, its Qumran and Gnostic affinities, its parallels with and distinctions from the undisputed Pauline corpus, its use of the Old Testament, and its dialogue with orthodox and heretical Judaism, Markus Barth demonstrates that Paul was almost certainly the author. And, after exploring previous explications of this hymnic and admonitory epistle in detail, he concludes that it was intended for Gentile Christians converted after Paul's visits to Ephesus.
Colossians
Authors: Barth Markus , Blanke Helmut
Published: October 2021

The Apostle Paul’s Letter to the Colossians offers a valuable and intimate glimpse into the life of a fledgling Christian community as it struggled to define Christian doctrine and theology. Paul was prompted to write to the Colossian assembly when he heard that “false teachers” had joined the congregation and were advocating dangerous, non-Christian practices. In an effort to appear superior, these heretical teachers were luring Christians to exercise asceticism, moral rigorism, and esoteric rituals―hallmarks of other “mystery” and pagan cults. In his passionate letter, Paul denounces these extreme and elitist practices and firmly defends a life in Christ. He proclaims that pure, simple worship of Christ alone is the most powerful statement of faith.

In their astute and lucid commentary, eminent New Testament scholars Markus Barth and Helmut Blanke re-create the turbulent age of the birth of Christianity and examine the myriad “outside” influences―from cold, rational Hellenistic philosophy to exclusive, ethereal Gnostic thought―that often threatened the evolution of Christian theology. Colossians not only provides a new and carefully balanced analysis of this pivotal New Testament text but also chronicles the development of Christian thought as it gradually spread throughout the Roman Empire.
The First and Second Letters to Timothy
Authors: Johnson Luke Timothy
Published: October 2021

The letters of Paul to Timothy, one of his favorite delegates, often make for difficult reading in today's world. They contain much that make modern readers uncomfortable, and much that is controversial, including pronouncements on the place of women in the Church and on homosexuality, as well as polemics against the so-called "false teachers." They have also been of a source of questions within the scholarly community, where the prevailing opinion since the nineteenth century is that someone else wrote the letters and signed Paul's name in order to give them greater authority.

Using the best of modern and ancient scholarship, Luke Timothy Johnson provides clear, accessible commentary that will help lay readers navigate the letters and better understand their place within the context Paul's teachings. Johnson's conclusion that they were indeed written by Paul himself ensures that this volume, like the other Anchor Bible Commentaries, will attract the attention of theologians and other scholars.
Hebrews
Authors: Koester Craig F.
Published: October 2021

One of early Christianity's most carefully crafted sermons, Epistle to the Hebrewsaddresses listeners who have experienced the elation of conversion and the heat of hostility, but who now must confront the formidable task of remaining faithful in a society that rejects their commitments. The letter probes into the one of most profound questions of faith: If it is God's will that believers be crowned with glory and honor, why are the faithful subject to suffering and shame? Through the stories of Abraham and Sarah, Moses, and Rahab, whose faith enabled them to overcome severe trials and conflicts, and through the story of Jesus himself, whose sufferings opened the way to God's presence for all, the sermon confirms the foundations of the Christian faith.

In a magisterial introduction, Koester presents a compelling portrait of the early Christian community and examines the debates that have surrounded Epistle to the Hebrews for two millennia. Drawing on his knowledge of classical rhetoric, he clarifies the book's arguments and discusses the use of evocative language and imagery to appeal to its audience's minds, emotions, and will. Providing an authoritative, accessible discussion of the book's high priestly Christology, this landmark commentary charts new directions for the interpretation of Epistle to the Hebrews and its influence on Christian theology and worship.
The Letter of James
Authors: Johnson Luke Timothy
Published: October 2021

The Letter of James is one of the most significant, yet generally overlooked, New Testament books. Because Martin Luther, leader of the Protestant Reformation, disliked this letter for its emphasis on good deeds, the book has come to be viewed as being in opposition to Paul’s letters, which emphasize faith in God. To correct these and other misperceptions about James, Luke Timothy Johnson embarks on an unprecedented history of the interpretation of this pivotal letter, highlighting the vast appreciation for James over the centuries. Johnson boldly identifies the first-century author as none other than James, the brother of Jesus Christ. While modern skepticism casts doubt on this conclusion, early textual witnesses, as well as saints and scholars throughout the centuries, corroborate Johnson’s position.
1 Peter
Authors: Elliott John H.
Published: October 2021

The significance of the First Letter of Peter for the formation of Christianity stands in sharp contrast to its brevity. John H. Elliott, a leading authority on this letter, brings its significance to life in this magnificent addition to the renowned Anchor Bible Commentaries. Elliott sets the letter into context, covering its literary, historical, theological, and linguistic elements. In detailed, accessible discussions, he draws on the latest research to illuminate the social and cultural influences on the Church in its initial years. Treating such important Petrine concerns as living honorably in a hostile society, finding meaning in suffering, and resisting social assimilation as the elect and holy family of God, the translation, notes, and commentary in this volume will help readers appreciate the powerful and enduring message of this fascinating letter.
2 Peter, Jude
Authors: Neyrey Jerome H.
Published: October 2021

Volume 37C
Judith
Authors: Moore Carey A.
Published: October 2021

Judith is Volume 40 in the acclaimed anchor Bible series of new book-by-book translations of the Old and New Testaments and Apocrypha. In the Apocrypha, Judith is the saint who murdered for her people. She offered herself to Holofernes, the Assyrian general sent by Nebuchadnezzar to destroy the Israelites. After she had charmed Holofernes with flattery and drink, Judith chopped of his head while he lay in a drunken stupor, thereby leaving his troops “headless” and in a state of total panic and confusion. Her victory was celebrated in song and brought peace to her land for years to come.

In his illuminating new translation and commentary, Carey A. Moore considers the historicity of the story and explores the author’s true intent: Was it to describe actual events or to compose a fictitious story of other purposes? Was his concern more historical or theological?

The story of Judith abounds in ironies. There is Judith, the beautiful woman who lived a stark, celibate existence after her husband’s death had left her a wealthy widow. Born into a sexist society with rigidly defined roles, Judith better “played the man” than did any of her male compatriots. There is Holofernes, the Assyrian conqueror, unable to defeat a small Israelite village after dozens of countries had fallen under his sword. Intent on seducing Judith, Holofernes instead lost his head to her. Perhaps the ultimate irony of all is the story of Judith itself: the timeless tale of a deeply religious woman who became revered not for her poverty but for an act of murder.

Dr. Moore’s study of the canonicity of Judith brings perspective to the story’s varied acceptance among both Jews and Christians. It also notes the similarity between this work and the equally popular story of Esther; each woman, through different means, served her people through acts of bravery.

The photographs and maps illustrating Judith include depictions of the story of Judith by such masters as Machiavelli, Botticelli, Caravaggio, and Donatello.
Genesis
Authors: Speiser E. A.
Published: October 2021

Genesis is Volume I in the Anchor Bible series of new book-by-book translations of the Old and New Testaments and Apocrypha. Ephraim Avigdor Speiser was University Professor and Chairman of the Department of Oriental Studies at the University of Pennsylvania.

Using authoritative evidence from archaeology, linguistics, and comparative religion, the author presents some startling conclusions about the first book of the Bible. He proves, for example, that the famous opening phrase, “In the beginning,” is not true to the meaning of the first word, that the designation “Torah” for the Pentateuch is a misnomer, that the best-known stories of Genesis are grounded in pagan mythology. Speiser is an iconoclast in the tradition of Abraham; he exposes the false in order to help achieve truth. As he says in his introduction, he “is not motivated by mere pedantry…but by the hope that each new insight may bring us that much closer to the secret of the Bible's universal and enduring appeal.“
The Epistles of John
Authors: Brown Raymond E.
Published: October 2021

With this study―companion to the masterful two-volume The Gospel According to John―Raymond E. Brown completed his trilogy on the Johannine corpus. Meticulous in detail, exhaustive in analysis, persuasive in argument, it examines controversies that have long troubled both biblical scholars and lay readers. Questions of authorship, composition, and dating, as well as the debate over source theories, are discussed at length; but these are kept subordinate to the overall question of meaning.

What gives this commentary special interest and excitement is the bold, imaginative reconstruction of the setting of the Johannine work―in particular of the “opposition figures,” who are only dimly sketched in the Epistles―so that we see clearly that the author is writing to his flock both about the dangers and difficulties confronting them, and about the eternal life that is theirs by the gift of God. In this way, the Epistles of John become intelligible as broadsides in a critical engagement between the forces of light and darkness.

In addition to his superb textual analysis of the letters, Raymond Brown has brought to life the community in which these works were formed and shaped. We are forcefully reminded that the Gospel and the Epistles were addressed to very real people living in the first century a.d., people with religious problems not unlike our own. In all respects, The Epistles of John stands out as a model of biblical scholarship and study.
Letter to Philemon
Authors: Fitzmyer ,   S.J. Joseph A.
Published: October 2021

The apostle Paul's letter to his friend and fellow Christian Philemon, which focuses on the question of slavery, has long inspired debate. Onesimus, one of Philemon's slaves and a Christian himself, has left his master's house and sought refuge with Paul. In a letter to Philemon, Paul assures his friend that he is sending Onesimus back into captivity, but pleads for mercy on the slave's behalf, asking Philemon to treat him as a beloved brother and as he would treat the apostle.Examining Paul's letter within the context of the social, political, and economic realities of the times, Fitzmyer sheds light on the question of whether Paul was suggesting that Onesimus be granted freedom from slavery or whether he was simply advocating a lenient treatment of this particular slave. His insights not only clarify Paul's position but show why the letter is relevant in the Church today.
Ephesians
Authors: Barth Markus
Published: October 2021

Encompassing the body of Pauline theology, Ephesians (volumes 34 and 34A of the acclaimed Anchor Bible series) has been called “the crown of St. Paul's writings,” yet both its authorship and addressees are the subject of continuing dispute. Through line-by-line examination of its vocabulary, its difficult style, its Qumran and Gnostic affinities, its parallels with and distinctions from the undisputed Pauline corpus, its use of the Old Testament, and its dialogue with orthodox and heretical Judaism, Markus Barth demonstrates that Paul was almost certainly the author. And, after exploring previous explications of this hymnic and admonitory epistle in detail, he concludes that it was intended for Gentile Christians converted after Paul's visits to Ephesus.

On this basis, Barth reexamines the relationship between Israel and the church, discounting the thesis that Ephesians suggests an “early Catholic,” or high-ecclesiastic or sacramental doctrine. Instead, he finds in this letter a statement of the social reconciliation which conditions the salvation of the individual. And reevaluating the section describing the relation between husband and wife, he offers an alternative to the traditional notion that Paul degrades women or belittles their rights and their dignity.

In these two volumes Barth has followed the structure of Ephesians: upon the praise of God (chapters 1-3) are based the admonitions (chapters 4-6). But just as the epistle is an integral whole, so is the author's commentary. Through his special understanding and love of the apostle Paul, Markus Barth reopens to modern man the ancient message of love, worship and joy.
The Gospel According to John (XIII–XXI)
Authors: Brown Raymond E.
Published: October 2021

This volume concludes Raymond E. Brown's commentary on the Gospel of John. Continuing his study begun in Anchor Bible Volume 29, the author translates the original Greek text into today's English. which allows all readers to make sense of the Gospel. Father Brown's notes and comments sort out the major issues surrounding the writings of John -- questions of authorship, composition, date, and John's relation to the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke). He analyzes and presents the scholarly debates in a form the interested layperson can appreciate.

John chapters 13-21 comprise the Book of Glory (describing the Last Supper, the Passion, and the appearances of the Risen Jesus) and the epilogue to the Gospel. This commentary includes a special appendix on the Paraclete, in which Brown examines in detail the role of the Holy Spirit. Whether discussing John's version of miracle stories found in the other Gospels, explaining the meaning of obscure Greek words, or showing the relevance of Jesus’ words and deeds, Father Brown speaks to scholars and laypeople alike.
I Maccabees
Authors: Goldstein Jonathan A.
Published: October 2021

“The Apocryphal book of I Maccabees (Volume 41 in the acclaimed Anchor Bible series) is an inspirational thriller.” With the help of God, the aged priest Mattathias and his sons--Judas Maccabaeus, Jonathan, and Simon--dramatically lead the Jews of Judaea first to victory and then to freedom against the formidable successors of Alexander the Great. Their struggles begin in guerilla warfare, responding to the terrible persecutions decreed by King Antiochus IV, and courageously accomplish their first great triumph--still celebrated in the festival of Hanukkah.

The Introduction to this volume considers not only I Maccabees, but also the parallel accounts found in II Maccabees and shows that the two authors of I & II Maccabees wrote with passionate conviction to teach two sharply opposed points of view. In some cases their convictions blinded them to the truth, but Professor Goldstein renders their teachings accessible to the modern reader and reconstructs what really happened, making valuable contributions to Greek and Roman as well as to Jewish history. Nineteen maps and diagrams set the scene of the dramatic struggle and the troubled times described in I Maccabees.
II Kings
Authors: Cogan Mordechai , Tadmor Hayim
Published: October 2021

II Kings (Volume 11 in the acclaimed Anchor Bible) is the chronicle of the raging conflicts that tore the United Kingdom of Israel apart, creating the rival nations of Israel to the north and Judah to the south. It tells of the time of the great prophecies of Elijah and Elisha, and of the legendary conquerors of not only the Jews, but the whole of the Middle East--Sennacherib, Hazael, Tiglath-pileser III, Nebuchadnezzar, and Shalmaneser.

The book of II Kings was written with a dual purpose. It provided a chronological history of the divided kingdoms of Israel, from the time of division, through the destruction of the city of Jerusalem, and the final exile of the Jews into Babylonia. It also served as a reminder to all Israelite monarchs that their loyalty to the God of Israel, as worshipped in Jerusalem, determined the course of history. In his telling of the story, the book's author emphasized to his contemporaries and future generations that in order to avert the calamities that befell the Chosen People (their conquest by nonbelievers, the destruction of Jerusalem, and their ignominious exile), they would have to avoid a repetition of the misdeeds of the past. If they remained loyal to their God, their God would remain loyal to them.

Complete with maps, charts, photographs, and extra-biblical documentation, II Kings presents an important and illuminating new translation which explores a tumultuous epoch of change that forever affected theological and world history.
Job
Authors: Pope Marvin H.
Published: October 2021

This third edition of the Anchor Bible Book Of Job (Volume 15 in the series) contains numerous new, revised or augmented notes. Of special interest is the inclusion of readings from the earliest translation of the Book Of Job, the recently published Targum (Aramaic translation) recovered from Cave XI of Khirbet Qumran, in the Judean Wilderness near the Dead Sea, perhaps the version which was suppressed by Rabbi Gamaliel.

The Book Of Job is one of the indisputably great works of world literature. The story is well-known: a prosperous and happy man, distinguished for rectitude and piety, falls victim to a series of catastrophes. And the occasion (if not the reason) for these undeserved calamities: Satan's challenge to Yahweh to test the sincerity of Job's faith.

It is by now proverbial to refer to the patience of Job. Yet this traditional image derives only from the Prologue and the Epilogue of the book. But the Job who confronts us in the long middle section is anything but patient. His outcries against God raise the question of theodicy, or divine justice, which occupies the greater portion of Job's Dialogue with his comforters.

But it is inevitably as literature that Job must be read and enjoyed. This translation is marked by a concerted effort to capture as much as possible the poetic and metrical characteristics of the original Hebrew: the result is a version notable for its accuracy and directness. The experience of reading the Book Of Job in this translation, then, is to rediscover an exceedingly eloquent masterpiece. In the terse, rhythmic quality of the translation, the incisive comprehensiveness of the introduction and notes, Job maintains the high standard of scholarship, literateness, and readability established in The Anchor Bible.