bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data from Efficacy and Quality-of-Life Following Involved Nodal Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The INRT-AIR Phase II Clinical Trial
Authors: Sher David J. , Moon Dominic H. , Vo Dat , Wang Jing , Chen Liyuan , Dohopolski Michael , Hughes Randall , Sumer Baran D. , Ahn Chul , Avkshtol Vladimir
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurpose:
Elective neck irradiation (ENI) has long been considered mandatory when treating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with definitive radiotherapy, but it is associated with significant dose to normal organs-at-risk (OAR). In this prospective phase II study, we investigated the efficacy and tolerability of eliminating ENI and strictly treating involved and suspicious lymph nodes (LN) with intensity-modulated radiotherapy.
Patients and Methods:
Patients with newly diagnosed HNSCC of the oropharynx, larynx, and hypopharynx were eligible for enrollment. Each LN was characterized as involved or suspicious based on radiologic criteria and an in-house artificial intelligence (AI)–based classification model. Gross disease received 70 Gray (Gy) in 35 fractions and suspicious LNs were treated with 66.5 Gy, without ENI. The primary endpoint was solitary elective volume recurrence, with secondary endpoints including patterns-of-failure and patient-reported outcomes.
Results:
Sixty-seven patients were enrolled, with 18 larynx/hypopharynx and 49 oropharynx cancer. With a median follow-up of 33.4 months, the 2-year risk of solitary elective nodal recurrence was 0%. Gastrostomy tubes were placed in 14 (21%), with median removal after 2.9 months for disease-free patients; no disease-free patient is chronically dependent. Grade I/II dermatitis was seen in 90%/10%. There was no significant decline in composite MD Anderson Dysphagia Index scores after treatment, with means of 89.1 and 92.6 at 12 and 24 months, respectively.
Conclusions:
These results suggest that eliminating ENI is oncologically sound for HNSCC, with highly favorable quality-of-life outcomes. Additional prospective studies are needed to support this promising paradigm before implementation in any nontrial setting.
HLA-I Evolutionary Divergence Confers Response to PD-1 Blockade plus Chemotherapy in Untreated Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Jiang Tao , Jin Qiqi , Wang Jiahao , Wu Fengying , Chen Jian , Chen Gongyan , Huang Yunchao , Chen Jianhua , Cheng Ying , Wang QiMing , Pan Yueyin , Zhou Jianying , Shi Jianhua , Xu Xingxiang , Lin LiZhu , Zhang Wei , Zhang Yiping , Liu Yunpeng , Fang Yong , Feng Jifeng , Wang Zhehai , Hu Sheng , Fang Jian , Shu Yongqian , Cui Jiuwei , Hu Yi , Yao Wenxiu , Li Xingya , Lin Xiaoyan , Wang Rui , Wang Yongsheng , Shi Wei , Feng Gaohua , Ni Jun , Mao Beibei , Ren Dandan , Sun Huaibo , Zhang Henghui , Chen Luonan , Zhou Caicun , Ren Shengxiang
Published: July 2023

Purpose:

PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy has become the new standard of care in patients with untreated advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), whereas predictive biomarkers remain undetermined.

Experimental Design:

We integrated clinical, genomic, and survival data of 427 NSCLC patients treated with first-line PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy from two phase III trials (CameL and CameL-sq) and investigated the predictive and prognostic value of HLA class I evolutionary divergence (HED).

Results:

High HED could predict significantly improved objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) in those who received PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy [in the CameL trial, ORR: 81.8% vs. 53.2%; P = 0.032; PFS: hazard ratio (HR), 0.47; P = 0.012; OS: HR, 0.40; P = 0.014; in the CameL-sq trial, ORR: 89.2% vs. 62.3%; P = 0.007; PFS: HR, 0.49; P = 0.005; OS: HR, 0.38; P = 0.002], but not chemotherapy. In multivariate analysis adjusted for PD-L1 expression and tumor mutation burden, high HED was independently associated with markedly better ORR, PFS, and OS in both trials. Moreover, the joint utility of HED and PD-L1 expression showed better performance than either alone in predicting treatment benefit from PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy. Single-cell RNA sequencing of 58,977 cells collected from 11 patients revealed that tumors with high HED had improved antigen presentation and T cell–mediated antitumor immunity, indicating an inflamed tumor microenvironment phenotype.

Conclusions:

These findings suggest that high HED could portend survival benefit in advanced NSCLC treated with first-line PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy.

See related commentary by Dimou, p. 4706
Supplementary table 3 from Spectrum of Response to Platinum and PARP Inhibitors in Germline BRCA–Associated Pancreatic Cancer in the Clinical and Preclinical Setting
Authors: Stossel Chani , Raitses-Gurevich Maria , Atias Dikla , Beller Tamar , Glick Gorman Yulia , Halperin Sharon , Peer Eyal , Denroche Robert E. , Zhang Amy , Notta Faiyaz , Wilson Julie M. , O'Kane Grainne M. , Haimov Talmoud Elina , Amison Nora , Schvimer Michael , Salpeter Seth J. , Bar Vered , Zundelevich Adi , Tirosh Itay , Tal Rotem , Dinstag Gal , Kinar Yaron , Eliezer Yonatan , Ben-David Uri , Gavert Nancy S. , Straussman Ravid , Gallinger Steven J. , Berger Raanan , Golan Talia
Published: July 2023

20 genes in DDR resistance
Supplementary Table 1 from Major histocompatibility complex-class II is induced by Interferon-gamma and follows three distinct patterns of expression in colorectal cancer organoids
Authors: Pickles Oliver J , Wanigasooriya Kasun , Ptasinska Anetta , Patel Akshay J. , Robbins Helen L , Bryer Claire , Whalley Celina M , Tee Louise , Lal Neeraj , Pinna Maria , Elzefzafy Nahla , Taniere Philippe , Beggs Andrew D , Middleton Gary M.
Published: July 2023

Characteristics of 2D cell lines assessed. Class II inducibility (flow cytometry) and CIITApIV methylation status as assessed by Satoh et al. Demographics, where available, from ATCC and Cellosaurus.org. Additional data on the site of tumour origin, mutation (KRAS and BRAF), mismatch repair (microsatellite instability MSI or microsatellite stable MSS) and CpG methylator phenotype (CIMP) status adapted from Ahmed et al. Full references in main text.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Major histocompatibility complex-class II is induced by Interferon-gamma and follows three distinct patterns of expression in colorectal cancer organoids
Authors: Pickles Oliver J , Wanigasooriya Kasun , Ptasinska Anetta , Patel Akshay J. , Robbins Helen L , Bryer Claire , Whalley Celina M , Tee Louise , Lal Neeraj , Pinna Maria , Elzefzafy Nahla , Taniere Philippe , Beggs Andrew D , Middleton Gary M.
Published: July 2023

Plot from Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV) of methylation around CpG island 123 (bounded by red box) of JAK1 (GRCh38-chr1:64965773-64966931). Higher CpG methylation was demonstrated in the non-inducible (top 3 organoids 376, 557 and 964) compared with the inducible (bottom 12); 11.8% vs 0.0% (p<0.05, Wilcoxon rank-sum).
Supplementary Figure 2 from Major histocompatibility complex-class II is induced by Interferon-gamma and follows three distinct patterns of expression in colorectal cancer organoids
Authors: Pickles Oliver J , Wanigasooriya Kasun , Ptasinska Anetta , Patel Akshay J. , Robbins Helen L , Bryer Claire , Whalley Celina M , Tee Louise , Lal Neeraj , Pinna Maria , Elzefzafy Nahla , Taniere Philippe , Beggs Andrew D , Middleton Gary M.
Published: July 2023

RNA sequencing on unstimulated inducible vs non-inducible organoids. Gene Ontology Enrichment Analysis displayed for pathways upregulated in inducible (top) and non-inducible (bottom) organoids.
Data from Major histocompatibility complex-class II is induced by Interferon-gamma and follows three distinct patterns of expression in colorectal cancer organoids
Authors: Pickles Oliver J , Wanigasooriya Kasun , Ptasinska Anetta , Patel Akshay J. , Robbins Helen L , Bryer Claire , Whalley Celina M , Tee Louise , Lal Neeraj , Pinna Maria , Elzefzafy Nahla , Taniere Philippe , Beggs Andrew D , Middleton Gary M.
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Tumor-specific MHC class II (tsMHC-II) expression impacts tumor microenvironmental immunity. tsMHC-II positive cancer cells may act as surrogate antigen-presenting cells and targets for CD4+ T cell-mediated lysis. In colorectal cancer (CRC) tsMHC-II negativity is common, in cell lines due to CIITA promoter methylation. To clarify mechanisms of tsMHC-II repression in CRC, we analysed CRC organoids which are epigenetically faithful to tissue of origin. 15 primary CRC organoids were treated with IFNγ +/- epigenetic modifiers: flow cytometry was used for tsMHC-II expression. RT-qPCR, total RNAseq, nanopore sequencing, bisulfite conversion/pyrosequencing and western blotting was used to quantitate CIITA, STAT1, IRF1 and JAK1 expression, mutations and promoter methylation and ChIP to quantitate H3K9ac, H3K9Me2 and EZH2 occupancy at CIITA.
We define three types of response to IFNγ in CRC: strong-, weak- and non-inducibility. Delayed and restricted expression even with prolonged IFNγ exposure was due to IFNγ-mediated EZH2 occupancy at CIITA. tsMHC-II expression was enhanced by EZH2 and HDAC inhibition in the weakly inducible organoids. Non-inducibility is seen in three CMS1 organoids due to JAK1 mutation. No organoid demonstrates CIITA promoter methylation.
Providing IFNγ signalling is intact, most CRC organoids are class II inducible. Upregulation of tsMHC-II through targeted epigenetic therapy is seen in 1/15 organoid. Our approach can serve as a blueprint for investigating the heterogeneity of specific epigenetic mechanisms of immune suppression across individual patients in other cancers and how these might be targeted to inform the conduct of future trials of epigenetic therapies as immune adjuvants more strategically in cancer.
A Pilot Study to Identify Grass Species That Mediate Pollen Allergy in Thailand
Authors: Jarupund Pakawat , Jantrakulroj Prayoon , Suwanphakdee Chalermpol , Sinthuvanich Chomdao
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Some grass species that are either common or widely spread in Thailand have not been used for pollen allergy diagnosis. In order to improve diagnostic accuracy, the aim of this pilot study was to identify the grass species responsible for pollen allergy in Thailand. Methods: The skin sensitization of pollen extracts from six different grass species, including rice (Oryza sativa), corn (Zea mays), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), para grass (Urochloa mutica), ruzi grass (Urochloa eminii), and green panic grass (Megathyrsus maximus), was evaluated by skin prick test (SPT). Serum’s IgE specific to each pollen extract was analyzed by Western blot (WB). The ImmunoCAPTM test for Johnson grass was also evaluated. Results: Of the thirty-six volunteers who participated in this study, eighteen tested positive for at least one of the diagnostic tests, namely SPT, WB analysis, or ImmunoCAPTM. Notably, skin reactivity to para grass, corn, sorghum, and rice was more commonly observed compared to ruzi grass and green panic grass. However, in the WB analysis, individuals with pollen-specific IgE were more frequently detected in sorghum, green panic grass, corn, rice, and ruzi grass than para grass. Conclusion: In this pilot investigation, our findings indicate that the pollen extracts of rice, corn, sorghum, and para grass are associated with pollen allergy in Thailand. These results contribute to the current knowledge on the identification of grass species that are associated with pollen allergy in Thailand and Southeast Asia.
Alopecia areata: Januskinase-Inhibitoren im Praxiseinsatz
Authors: Sticherling Michael
Published: July 2023

Alopecia areata ist eine Autoimmunerkrankung, die durch raschen Haarausfall auf der Kopfhaut, den Augenbrauen und den Wimpern gekennzeichnet ist und für die es nur wenige Behandlungsmöglichkeiten gibt. Baricitinib, ein oraler, selektiver, rever­sibler Inhibitor der Janus-Kinasen 1 und 2, könnte die Zytokin-Signalübertragung unterbrechen, die in die Pathogenese der Alopcia areata involviert ist. Es wurden zwei randomisierte, placebokontrollierte Phase-3-Studien (BRAVE-AA1 und BRAVE-AA2) durchgeführt, an denen Erwachsene mit schwerer Alopecia areata und einem SALT-Score (Severity of Alopecia Tool) von 50 oder höher (Bereich 0 [kein Haarausfall] bis 100 [vollständiger Haarausfall]) teilnahmen. Die Patienten wurden nach dem Zufallsprinzip in einem Verhältnis von 3:2:2 auf eine einmal täglich zu verabreichende Dosis von 4 mg Baricitinib, 2 mg Baricitinib oder Placebo verteilt. Der primäre Endpunkt war ein SALT-Wert von 20 oder weniger in Woche 36. Es wurden 654 Patienten in die BRAVE-AA1-Studie und 546 in die BRAVE-AA2-Studie aufgenommen. Der geschätzte Prozentsatz der Patienten, die in Woche 36 einen SALT-Wert von 20 oder weniger aufwiesen, betrug in der BRAVE-AA1-Studie mit 4 mg Ba­ricitinib 38,8%, mit 2 mg Baricitinib 22,8% und mit Placebo 6,2%, in der BRAVE-AA2-Studie 35,9%, 19,4% bzw. 3,3%. In BRAVE-AA1 betrug der Unterschied zwischen 4 mg Baricitinib und Placebo 32,6 Prozentpunkte (95%-Konfidenzintervall [KI], 25,6 bis 39,5) und der Unterschied zwischen 2 mg Baricitinib und Placebo 16,6 Prozentpunkte (95% KI, 9,5 bis 23,8) (P<0,001 für jede Dosis gegenüber Placebo). In BRAVE-AA2 betrugen die entsprechenden Werte 32,6 Prozentpunkte (95% CI, 25,6 bis 39,6) und 16,1 Prozentpunkte (95% CI, 9,1 bis 23,2) (P<0,001 für jede Dosis im Vergleich zu Placebo). Die sekundären Ergebnisse für Baricitinib in einer Dosis von 4 mg, aber nicht in einer Dosis von 2 mg, sprachen im Allgemeinen für Baricitinib gegenüber Placebo. Akne, erhöhte Kreatinkinase-Werte und erhöhte Werte von Low- und High-Density-Lipoprotein-Cholesterin traten unter Baricitinib häufiger auf als unter Placebo.
Aktivierung der Hedgehog- und Wnt/β-Catenin-Signalwege beim Basalzellkarzinom
Authors: Takada Tomoaki
Published: July 2023

Bei der Entstehung von Basalzellkarzinomen (BCC) ist die Interaktion zwischen Hedgehog (Hh)- und Wnt/β-Catenin (Wnt)-Signalwegen untersucht, aber nicht vollständig aufgeklärt worden. Hier wird ein Fall von sporadischem BCC bei einem 80-jährigen Mann vorgestellt, und die Wirksamkeit von SMO-Inhibitoren im Falle eines Rezidivs wird prognostiziert. Ziel dieser Studie war es festzustellen, ob die SMO-Inhibitoren bei der Behandlung dieser Person wirksam sein können, falls der Tumor in der Zukunft wiederauftritt. Immunhistochemische (IHC) Tests wurden an einem Tumor und dem angrenzenden Hautgewebe des Patienten durchgeführt. Die IHC-Tests derselben BCC-Gewebeprobe ergaben, dass GLI1 (Glioma-Associated Oncogene 1) und SMO (Smoothened) im Hh-Signalweg und IGF2BP1 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 mRNA-Binding Protein 1) im Wnt-Signalweg überexprimiert waren. Die Hh- und Wnt-Signalwege waren aktiviert. Diese Befunde deuten darauf hin, dass der Patient aufgrund der Interaktion zwischen den Hh- und Wnt-Signalwegen möglicherweise resistent gegen die Behandlung mit SMO-Inhibitoren ist. Die Überexpression von GLI1 führt zu einer Transkriptionsaktivierung, was es aufgrund der nachgeschalteten Effektoren der Kaskade zu einem attraktiven molekularen Ziel für die Krebstherapie macht.
Langfristiges Management des fortgeschrittenen Basalzellkarzinoms: Aktuelle Herausforderungen und Zukunftsperspektiven
Authors: Heppt Markus V. , Gebhardt Christoffer , Hassel Jessica C. , Alter Mareike , Gutzmer Ralf , Leiter Ulrike , Berking Carola
Published: July 2023

Kurzzusammenfassung: Eine abnorme Aktivierung des Hedgehog-Signalwegs führt beim Basalzellkarzinom zu unkontrolliertem Tumorwachstum. Hedgehog-Signalweg-Inhibitoren sind eine wirksame Behandlungsoption für Tumoren, die durch lokale Therapien nicht mehr kontrollierbar sind. Allerdings kann die behandlungsbedingte Toxizität bei der Langzeitbehandlung zu einer Einschränkung der Lebensqualität und damit zu einer Unterbrechung oder sogar zum Abbruch der Therapie führen. Diese Übersichtsarbeit fasst wichtige und neue therapeutische Strategien für eine effektive Behandlung des lokal fortgeschrittenen Basalzellkarzinoms zusammen. Zusammenfassung: Die Erstlinientherapie für das lokal fortgeschrittene Basalzellkarzinom (laBCC) besteht aus Hedgehog-Signalweg-Inhibitoren (HHI), da sie eine gute und oft dauerhafte Wirksamkeit erzielen. Allerdings kann die Toxizität im Verlauf der Langzeitbehandlung zu einer Beeinträchtigung der Lebensqualität und in der Folge zu einer Unterbrechung oder sogar zum Abbruch der Therapie führen. Da die HHI-Therapie eine Gratwanderung zwischen Wirksamkeit, unerwünschten Ereignissen, Lebensqualität und Therapieadhärenz darstellt, haben sich zahlreiche erfolgreiche Behandlungsstrategien herausgebildet, wie z.B. Dosisreduzierung und Dosisunterbrechungen mit On-off-Behandlungsschemata oder Unterbrechungen mit Wiederaufnahme der Behandlung nach Fortschreiten der Erkrankung. Für Patienten, die eine primäre Resistenz gegen HHI aufweisen oder im Verlauf eine sekundäre Resistenz entwickeln, stehen PD-1 (Programmed Cell Death Protein 1) Inhibitoren als effektive Zweitlinienoption zur Verfügung, die mit immunbedingten Toxizitäten einhergehen können. Daher sind eine Optimierung der aktuellen Behandlungspläne, neue Wirkstoffe und Kombinationsstrategien für laBCC dringend erforderlich. In diesem Artikel wird die Behandlungssequenz für Patienten mit laBCC beschrieben und der aktuelle Stand der zugelassenen Behandlungsschemata und therapeutischen Strategien zur Optimierung der langfristigen Behandlung von laBCC zusammengefasst.
Opportunistische Infektionen im Zusammenhang mit der Behandlung von rheumatoider Arthritis mit Januskinase-Inhibitoren: eine strukturierte Literaturübersicht
Authors: Winthrop Kevin , Isaacs John , Calabrese Leonard , Mittal Deepali , Desai Supriya , Barry Jane , Strengholt Sander , Galloway James
Published: July 2023

Hintergrund: Die Verfügbarkeit von Januskinase (JAK)-Inhibitoren hat die Behandlung der rheumatoiden Arthritis (RA) verändert und Patienten zu einer klinischen Remission verholfen. Es wurde jedoch auch über das Auftreten opportunistischer Infektionen (OI) im Zusammenhang mit der Anwendung von JAK-Inhibitoren berichtet. Diese strukturierte Literaturübersicht wurde erstellt, um Berichte über OI im Zusammenhang mit der Behandlung von RA mit JAK-Inhibitoren in klinischen Studien zusammenzufassen. Methoden: Eine strukturierte Suche nach relevanten klinischen Studiendaten bis März 2021 wurde in MEDLINE® und Embase® durchgeführt. Es wurden auch bibliografische Recherchen in neueren Übersichtsarbeiten durchgeführt und in grauer Literatur recherchiert, um wichtige Lücken zu schließen. Die Publikationen wurden gescreent, extrahiert und hinsichtlich ihrer Qualität bewertet. Die Daten wurden in narrativer Form zusammengefasst. Ergebnisse: Nach dem Screening wurden 105 Publikationen über 62 spezifische klinische Studien eingeschlossen, die über die Inzidenz von OI bei RA-Patienten, die mit JAK-Inhibitoren behandelt wurden, berichteten. Insgesamt wurde die höchste expositionsbereinigte Inzidenzrate für Herpes-zoster-Infektionen (alle Formen) berichtet, gefolgt von OI (alle Formen) und Tuberkulose, basierend auf begrenzten Daten aus klinischen Studien mit zugelassenen Dosen von JAK-Inhibitoren. Das Fehlen von direkten Vergleichsstudien und Unterschiede im Studiendesign lassen einen direkten Vergleich der JAK-Inhibitoren nicht zu. In der asiatischen und australischen Bevölkerung wurden im Vergleich zur Weltbevölkerung höhere OI-Raten festgestellt. In den meisten klinischen Studien wurden mit steigender Dosis der JAK-Inhibitoren auch höhere OI-Raten beobachtet.
A ludopolítica do trabalho: um olhar marxista sobre os jogos digitais
Authors: Rocha André Campos
Published: July 2023

Errata: Após a finalização deste número, fomos informados que Jamie Woodcock não é mais pesquisador sênior da Open University em Londres. Atualmente, ele é professor sênior da Universidade de Essex no Reino Unido.
Socializando no Instagram: relações sociais e emoções juvenis durante a pandemia da covid-19
Authors: Rodrigues Fernanda Sousa , Luz Lila Cristina Xavier
Published: July 2023

Durante a pandemia ao mesmo tempo em que foi evidenciada a exclusão de jovens no acesso à Internet e aparelhos móveis, também foi maximizado o uso das redes sociais na Internet. Este artigo foi elaborado a partir de informações obtidas em pesquisa desenvolvida junto a jovens universitários de diferentes identidades sociais inseridos no Instagram. O objetivo foi recolher as manifestações e expressões de emoções em seus perfis para analisar as relações sociais por meio da interação nessa rede social durante a pandemia da Covid-19, no período de julho do ano de 2021 a junho de 2022. Para tanto, recorremos a informações obtidas por meio de etnografia na Internet e de entrevistas realizadas junto a esses jovens. Os resultados apontaram que durante a pandemia ocorreu o aumento de interações entre os perfis desses jovens no Instagram. Nesse contexto, segundo os jovens, as suas relações sociais foram estabelecidas por meio de gerenciamento de emoções mais positivas do que negativas entre as publicações compartilhadas por eles no feed e nos stories.
No armário da memória: contando histórias sobre roupas
Authors: Espindola Clara Calazans , Idargo Alexandre Bergamo
Published: July 2023

Este artigo discute as relações entre pessoas, roupas, memória e narrativa de vida, a partir de entrevistas com 46 jovens entre 20 e 29 anos, pertencentes a camadas médias urbanas e escolarizadas. Os participantes foram contatados através do Instagram e de mensagens de áudio no WhatsApp, e discutimos as implicações do uso desses meios para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa. Em resposta à pergunta “você poderia me contar sobre as formas como você se vestiu e se veste, no passado e no presente?”, estes jovens constroem narrativas de vida ao redor do tema da roupa. Observamos formas compartilhadas de narrar as relações com as roupas em cada fase da vida, e concluímos que o fato de que o vestuário e as memórias sobre ele condensam uma série de relações faz com que falar sobre ele seja um recurso por meio do qual os entrevistados podem interpretar retrospectivamente sua própria trajetória e identidade, costurando seu passado, seu presente e seu futuro imaginado.
En la guarida de Sniper: sociología visual con un tatuador de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Rivera Gutierrez Jovani J. , Moncrieff Zabaleta Henry
Published: July 2023

Ensayo fotográfico con un tatuador de la Ciudad de México, Sniper.
As paredes de um subúrbio de Dacar
Authors: Sobroza Monteiro Cristiano
Published: July 2023

O conjunto de fotografias reunidas nesse ensaio visual, pretende apresentar algumas das visualidades urbanas que compõe a paisagem (sub)urbana de Dacar, a partir de uma pesquisa etnografia realizada durante os meses de agosto e setembro de 2019 em Dacar no Senegal.
A lógica da mídia e as condições midiatizadas de interação social
Authors: Alencar Breno Rodrigo de Oliveira , Hjarvard Stig
Published: July 2023

O artigo lança luz teórica sobre como e por que a mídia exerce influência em outras áreas da cultura e da sociedade – e é influenciada por elas. Adotando uma ampla visão da mídia e discutindo como suas várias lógicas são parte do processo de midiatização e contribuem para a interação social, o trabalho mostra como o aumento da presença da mídia tem implicações mais amplas para as maneiras como as grandes instituições sociais e contextos menores da sociedade civil funcionam. Isto significa que as várias mídias não apenas mudam a comunicação, mas também mudam as relações entre pessoas e organizações e passam a condicionar as maneiras como as pessoas geralmente se comunicam e interagem umas com as outras em diferentes contextos.
Darcy Ribeiro, a canalha e os idiotas, ou: Como não tolerar o intolerável
Authors: Marques Delcides
Published: July 2023

A proposta geral do texto é produzir uma reflexão sobre a potencialidade crítica de certos xingamentos usados por Darcy Ribeiro para combater posturas e concepções intoleráveis. Um vez que os intolerantes não devem ser tolerados de forma incondicional, pois são um perigo, aqueles que estão atrelados a tais comportamentos e pensamentos nefastos precisam ser problematizados e evidenciados. Dois xingamentos sobressaem no vocabulário de Darcy Ribeiro: canalha e idiota. Se no primeiro caso há uma crítica moral, com o segundo termo há uma objeção intelectual. Com isso, o xingamento pode ser um instrumento de combate e enfrentamento e os dois ultrajes usados por Darcy Ribeiro funcionam como dobras políticas, criativas e gaguejantes da língua.
Por entre as ruínas do passado e da memória: um olhar sobre a rota atlântica da escravidão
Authors: Costa Flávia Carolina da
Published: July 2023

“Com que finalidade alguém evoca o fantasma da escravidão, senão para incitar as esperanças de transformar o presente?” é um dos questionamentos que norteia Saidiya Hartman na pesquisa e na escrita de “Perder a mãe: uma jornada pela rota atlântica da escravidão”, publicado no Brasil pela editora Bazar do Tempo, em 2021. Movida pelo desejo de mapear a jornada que transformou seres humanos em escravos e de enfrentar a violência da linguagem dos arquivos sobre a escravidão (p.9), Hartman se dedica a narrar sua própria trajetória de vida e de pesquisa em busca de entender como vidas negras africanas foram sendo tratadas e registradas ao longo do tempo e da história.
Brasil, 2022
Authors: Barata Giselly Correa
Published: July 2023

Poema de Giselly Correa Barata.
Um duelo sob o sol
Authors: Silva Celso Antonio Lopes
Published: July 2023

Conto de Celso Lopes.
Dois poemas de Zeno Queiroz
Authors: Queiroz Zeno
Published: July 2023

Poemas de Zeno Queiroz.
Dois irmãos em três tempos: mito, história e circum-inscrição
Authors: Medeiros Adonai da Silva de
Published: July 2023

O que marca nosso tempo de ser senão o modo como somos no tempo em que estamos dados, nele experienciando outros tempos que com o nosso confluem ao se disfluírem? Isso, esse modo de temporalidade, embora em forma de questionamento, é o que acontece com o narrador de Dois irmãos, de Milton Hatoum (2006). Nael se encontra e se defronta a todo instante com um tempo (existencial e histórico) que, não sendo dele, a ele se dá e o garante maneira de vir a ser. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo refletir sobre três formas de tempo no romance Dois irmãos, focando no narrador e sua relação com as e na relação entre as personagens Yaqub e Omar, Halim e Domingas. Faremos essa reflexão a partir de um diálogo com Castilo (2021) e seu conceito de perlaboração, e com Benedito Nunes (2009, 2013b) e sua discussão a respeito do mito no romance hatouniano, visando aliar tempo e memória, alçando, assim, a possibilidade de pensarmos a relação entre os três tempos: mito, histórico e de circum-inscrição. Serão os dois primeiros tempos que produzem e abrem caminho ao terceiro, pelo qual Nael circula e adentra o círculo da história acontecida.
Dois poemas de Douglas Moares
Authors: Moraes Douglas
Published: July 2023

Dois poemas de Douglas Moraes.
Singular coletivo: o trabalhador da cidade em Caçambas
Authors: Gonçalves Daniel José
Published: July 2023

A partir da leitura de Caçambas, de Ruy Proença, aborda-se a representação do trabalhador contemporâneo na cidade. A proposta é demonstrar que a experiência singular, ou seja, o cotidiano, traz à tona aspectos da forma capitalista de produção e reprodução da vida no mundo contemporâneo. Assim, na abordagem do singular, o autor revela um coletivo que vivencia a alienação, o estranhamento, a exclusão e a precarização como experiências comuns aos trabalhadores da cidade.
História do Século XXI
Authors: Costa Tiago Leite
Published: July 2023

Conto de Tiago Leite Costa.
A experiência social em Inferno Provisório: figuração proletária um século depois
Authors: Colli Nathalia Elisa
Published: July 2023

Se quisermos determinar a obra de Luiz Ruffato de maneira sintética, poderíamos dizer, sem correr muito risco, que se trata de uma organização formal da transitoriedade: suas personagens estão imersas nos espaços que as consolidam na narrativa, sendo guiadas predominantemente pelo fluxo do dinheiro, da esperança material, da desilusão constante com o mundo do consumo e pela memória sempre presente de suas origens. Para dar fôlego a esse vai e vem monetário das personagens, Ruffato tem como estratégia narrativa a delimitação geográfica precisa da circulação – a origem é sempre a zona da mata mineira, com foco privilegiado em Cataguases, o horizonte que os move para o futuro é sempre voltado aos grandes centros financeiros (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Nova York, França, etc) –,, enquanto o tempo da narrativa é uma espécie permanente de presente tedioso, ditado pelo drama dos sujeitos engolidos por uma expectativa de realização pessoal muito rebaixada. Nesse ínterim, cabe ao argumento que aqui apresentamos, dar conta de balizar na forma ruffatiana a origem de sua matéria social, sua relação com as modificações estruturais no mundo do trabalho e na representação literária desses agentes.
Fabulação fronteiriça: resenha de João Guimarães Rosa: a ficção à beira do nada, de Jacques Rancière
Authors: Simonette Lucas
Published: July 2023

Resenha do livro João Guimarães Rosa: a ficção à beira do nada, de Jacques Rancière.
Os enigmas da oferenda
Authors: Luiz Carolina Borges da Silva
Published: July 2023

Conto de Carolina Luiz.
O caso das minhocas presas em um pote transparente
Authors: Teles Adriana da Costa
Published: July 2023

Conto de Adriana da Costa Teles.
Sobre o realismo socialista
Authors: Górki Maksim , Vasques Ana Carolina
Published: July 2023

Tradução de um ensaio de Maksim Górki sobre o realismo socialista.
Entrevista sobre literatura proletária
Authors: Azevedo Gabriela Lopes de , Bonavina Rafael , Mouallem Tiago Salomon Bezerra
Published: July 2023

Quatro professores-pesquisadores respondem perguntas que procuraram debater as definições e impasses históricos da chamada literatura proletária, além de dimensionar tal estética na representação mais ampla dos trabalhadores dentro literatura brasileira, considerando as especificidades histórico-geográficas nacionais. Além disso, a entrevista intenta oferecer a novos pesquisadores caminhos e bibliografia para pesquisas que abordem ou tangenciam a estética proletária.
Apresentação
Authors: Mouallem Tiago Salomon Bezerra , Azevedo Gabriela Lopes de
Published: July 2023

Apresentação da seção Coletânea.
Subjugating Subjectivity: Why Wright’s Critical Realism is Not Critical Enough
Authors: Chidgzey Aaron
Published: July 2023

This analysis of N. T. Wright’s epistemological model – labelled critical realism – argues that Wright has lamentably failed the ambitious goal of mediating the two epistemic poles of external ‘objective’ reality and internal ‘subjective’ interpretation. The issues raised by scholars of the so-called ‘critical’ end of the dichotomy have subsequently failed to be considered to any significant degree and, instead, Wright ultimately reverts to an objectivist realism of the sort he decries. He privileges the assumptions on the ‘realism’ end and merely gestures toward the critical. This becomes especially clear in his study of Jesus’ resurrection, where his apologetic and historical discussions demonstrate a reliance upon an assumed objectivist and empiricist methodology.
Spatial Semantics: Tafereel, Einder and El Lissitzky
Authors: Koenderink Jan , van Doorn Andrea
Published: July 2023

In visual awareness the expanse of pictorial space fills a slab of finite depth between a frontal plane and a backdrop at infinity. It paradoxically coexists with the flatness of a picture. The constructivist El Lissitzky (1890–1941) suggested that a formal account would therefore require paradoxical notions such as non-Euclidean geometry and imaginary numbers. Perhaps so, for pictorial and physical spaces have distinct ontological roots so they are incommensurable. Alberti’s perspective discards the third dimension. Depth is a mental quality that cannot be represented. Since the picture plane is flat, ‘depth’ has to be imaginary. Imaginary dimensions capture the ‘enchantment’ of pictorial vision. Pictures and Alberti’s perspective address the disenchanted (flat), objective aspect. Only arcane geometries with imaginary dimensions might possibly account for the phenomenology — as they indeed are found to do. Linguistic terms that refer to such imaginary objects — such as ‘tafereel’ and ‘einder’ in Dutch — are scarce.
Spatiotemporal Evaluation of Satellite-Based Precipitation Products in the Colorado River Basin
Authors: Han Heechan , Abitew Tadesse A. , Park Seonggyu , Green Colleen H. M. , Jeong Jaehak
Published: July 2023

Gridded precipitation products from satellite-based systems provide continuous and seamless data that can overcome the limitations of ground-based precipitation data. Remote sensing (RS) products can provide efficient precipitation data in the desert rangelands and the Rocky Mountains of the western United States, where ground-based rain gauges are sparse. In this study, we evaluated the quality of precipitation estimates from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Station (CHIRPS), and Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information Using Artificial Neural Networks–Climate Data Record (PERSIANN-CDR) in the Upper Colorado River basin (UCRB) for the period 2000–20. The reliability of daily precipitation data from these products was tested against ground-based observations from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) using two continuous and four categorical statistical evaluation metrics. We investigated the effects of topographical conditions on the quality of precipitation estimates. Results show that all three products have 3–4 mm day−1 differences in daily precipitation rates compared to ground observations. In addition, the difference in monthly precipitation rates was more prominent in the wet season (November–April) than in the dry season (May–October). The margin of errors varied with the type of RS system and by location. A categorical evaluation suggests a moderate ability to detect precipitation occurrence with 50%–60% detection ability. The reliability of precipitation estimates is mainly limited by elevation and different ecoregions and climate features.
Parameter Estimation in Spectral Resolution Enhancement Based on Forward–Backward Linear Prediction Total Least Square Method
Authors: Qin Yusheng , Han Xin , Li Xiangxian , Tong Jingjing , Gao Minguang
Published: July 2023

In a Fourier transform infrared (IR) spectrometer, the Michelson interference signal extrapolation method based on linear prediction is often used to improve spectral resolution. In this method, an autoregressive (AR) model is established for the Michelson interference signal in the spectrometer. Once the AR model parameters are determined, the AR process is predictable. The interference signal can be used to figure out the AR model's parameters. Based on this, the AR model can be used to extrapolate the interference signal to improve the spectral resolution. In this paper, the forward–backward linear prediction total least squares (FB-TLS) method is proposed to estimate the parameters of the AR model. The parameters that are estimated are used to improve the IR spectral resolution. By simulating different order and signal-to-noise ratio situations, the effects of the Burg, the least square, and the FB-TLS parameter estimation methods on spectral resolution enhancement are studied. The simulation results demonstrate that the FB-TLS parameter estimation method can effectively suppress noise and avoid spurious peaks. The experimental results demonstrate that the FB-TLS parameter estimation method is effective for spectral resolution enhancement technology based on linear prediction. When the FB-TLS method is used to enhance NH3 IR spectral resolution from 2 cm−1 to 1 cm−1, the spectral prediction error in the NH3 characteristic band is only 0.21% compared with the measured NH3 spectrum, whose spectral resolution is 1 cm−1.
Feasibility of dyadic peer support to augment a church-based healthy lifestyle programme
Authors: Conley Cherie , Randolph Schenita , Hardison-Moody Annie , Gonzalez-Guarda Rosa , Fisher Edwin B , Lipkus Isaac
Published: July 2023

Objective:

African Americans in the USA experience a disproportionate burden of chronic disease. Healthy lifestyle promotion programmes can help decrease this disease risk. This study determined the feasibility of using dyadic peer support to augment an existing healthy lifestyle programme in African American churches.

Design:

A prospective pre-post design was used with 80 participants from three churches in the southeastern USA over an 18-week period.

Methods:

Participants attended 9 weeks of group nutrition classes followed by 9 weeks of a dyadic peer support programme. Feasibility was measured by recruitment, acceptability, ability to collect peer support data, ability to implement the peer support component and preliminary health outcomes. Descriptive statistics and multilevel models were used to analyse the data.

Results:

Seventy-eight percent of participants completed group classes and peer support activities. Over 95% of participants would work with a partner again. Lay leaders and educators felt they had the resources and participant support to implement a dyadic peer support intervention. Participants achieved small but significant average increases of 1.1 fruit servings per day ( p = .001) and 1.2 days of physical activity per week ( p = .01) post-intervention. Significant changes in weight (−2.6 pounds, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −4.18, −1.1; p = .001) and vegetable intake (0.681 servings, 95% CI = 0.122, 1.241; p = .017) achieved during the first 9 weeks of the programme were maintained during the second 9 weeks.

Conclusion:

Dyadic peer support can successfully be used to augment existing healthy lifestyle promotion programmes within African American churches. Studies using control groups are needed to test the effectiveness of dyadic peer support on health outcomes more rigorously.
Whole grain perceptions and consumption attitudes: Results of a survey in Italy
Authors: Zanini Barbara , Simonetto Anna , Marconi Silvia , Marullo Monica , Castellano Maurizio , Gilioli Gianni
Published: July 2023

Objectives:

The consumption of whole grains is widely recognised as healthy and included in several national dietary guidelines. Despite that, the consumption of whole grain products remains sub-optimal.

Methods:

We developed a questionnaire investigating perceptions of price, taste, positive and negative health effects, sustainability and versatility of whole grains and the consumption frequency of whole grain food products. This questionnaire was administered to a sample of 1,014 individuals in Northern Italy.

Results:

We observed an overall positive attitude towards whole grain products, especially in relation to positive health effects, versatility and taste, that resulted in strong drivers for whole grain consumption. Age, gender and educational level were identified as influences on whole grain perceptions, especially for taste and positive health effects. Respondents were clustered according to the attitudes they expressed.

Conclusion:

The characteristics of these clusters could be used to customise future nutritional education programmes.
Outlanders at work: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of foreign IT professionals’ work experiences in Germany
Authors: Berber Aykut , Bilgehan Ozturk Mustafa , Gökhan Acar A.
Published: July 2023

The information technology (IT) industry is becoming more widely renowned for its professionals seeking global career opportunities. These individuals independently build careers abroad, often receiving limited economic benefits while facing socially conditioned perceptions from their employers, peers, managers and clients. However, there is little research on how they perceive their personal and social worlds, and use their knowledge, skills and other personal resources to shape their careers in these circumstances. This study explores the meaning of being a foreign professional as understood by the IT professionals themselves by reflecting on their expectations, emotions and interactions with others. In-depth interviews were conducted with 11 non-national professionals working in domestic IT companies in Germany. We used interpretative phenomenological analysis to gain insight through their individual perspectives into their agentic work behaviours and the injustices they perceived. We identified three major themes that explained how participants interpreted their roles in their organisations (reinterpretation), resituated themselves in their interactions with clients (recontextualisation) and changed the way they made sense of their status in their current circumstances (reframing). The experiential themes were discussed in light of literature, while individual nuances led us to identify unexplored features of the studied phenomenon.
The Long Arm and the Iron Fist: Authoritarian Crackdowns and Transnational Repression
Authors: Dukalskis Alexander , Furstenberg Saipira , Hellmeier Sebastian , Scales Redmond
Published: July 2023

The emerging literature dealing with transnational repression has identified several strategies used by authoritarian states to control and coerce their populations abroad. This article builds on existing research by investigating the domestic determinants of transnational repression. It argues that an increase in domestic repression is likely to lead to a subsequent increase in transnational repression because crackdowns at home drive dissent abroad and incentivize the state to extend its repressive gaze beyond its borders. To evaluate its arguments, the article draws on a database of approximately 1200 cases in which authoritarian states around the world threatened, attacked, extradited, abducted, or assassinated their own citizens abroad between 1991 and 2019. Offering a first quantitative test of domestic drivers of transnational repression, using multivariate regression analysis, the paper finds that as repression intensifies domestically, the likelihood of that state subsequently escalating its transnational repression also increases substantively.
Endothelial Insulin Resistance Exacerbates Experimental Periodontitis
Authors: Zeze T. , Shinjo T. , Sato K. , Nishimura Y. , Imagawa M. , Chen S. , Ahmed A.-k. , Iwashita M. , Yamashita A. , Fukuda T. , Sanui T. , Park K. , King G.L. , Nishimura F.
Published: July 2023

Epidemiological studies suggest that the severity of periodontitis is higher in people with diabetes than in healthy individuals. Insulin resistance might play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of multiple diabetic complications and is reportedly induced in the gingiva of rodents with type 2 diabetes; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of diabetes-related periodontitis remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether endothelial insulin resistance in the gingiva may contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontitis as well as elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms. We demonstrated that insulin treatment downregulated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)–induced or tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)–induced VCAM1 expression in endothelial cells (ECs) via the PI3K/Akt activating pathway, resulting in reduced cellular adhesion between ECs and leukocytes. Hyperglycemia-induced selective insulin resistance in ECs diminished the effect of insulin on LPS- or TNFα-stimulated VCAM1 expression. Vascular endothelial cell–specific insulin receptor knockout (VEIRKO) mice exhibited selective inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway in the gingiva and advanced experimental periodontitis-induced alveolar bone loss via upregulation of Vcam1, Tnfα, Mcp-1, Rankl, and neutrophil migration into the gingiva compared with that in the wild-type (WT) mice despite being free from diabetes. We also observed that insulin-mediated activation of FoxO1, a downstream target of Akt, was suppressed in the gingiva of VEIRKO and high-fat diet (HFD)–fed mice, hyperglycemia-treated ECs, and primary ECs from VEIRKO. Further analysis using ECs transfected with intact and mutated FoxO1, with mutations at 3 insulin-mediated phosphorylation sites (T24A, S256D, S316A), suggested that insulin-mediated regulation of VCAM1 expression and cellular adhesion of ECs with leukocytes was attenuated by mutated FoxO1 overexpression. These results suggest that insulin resistance in ECs may contribute to the progression of periodontitis via dysregulated VCAM1 expression and cellular adhesion with leukocytes, resulting from reduced activation of the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 axis.
The Agent's Impatience: A Self–Other Decision Model of Intertemporal Choices
Authors: Yang Adelle X. , Urminsky Oleg
Published: July 2023

Intertemporal choices represent one of the most prevalent and fundamental trade-offs in consumer decision making. While prior research on intertemporal choices has focused on choices for oneself, intertemporal choices often involve one individual choosing on behalf of another. How do intertemporal choices made for another person differ from otherwise identical choices made for oneself? This research introduces a self–other decision model that distinguishes reaction utility (derived from interpersonal feedback) from vicarious utility (derived from imagining the recipient's experience). The authors tested model-derived hypotheses in 13 experiments (N = 4,799) involving decisions between peers. Consistent with the proposed role of reaction utility in the model, they find that intertemporal choices made for others are typically more “impatient” than choices for oneself. Moreover, this “agent's impatience” is attenuated when contextual and individual differences weaken the anticipation of interpersonal feedback. Together, the theoretical model and experimental results highlight the rewarding value of interpersonal feedback in self–other decision making, shedding new light on interpersonal consumer choices.
Experiences of Diverse Introductory Computer Science Students Moving to Online Classes in a Pandemic
Authors: Lyon Louise Ann , Schatz Colin , Green Emily
Published: July 2023

Research question: For students enrolling in introductory computer science classes at community colleges, how did they experience the class in an emergency remote teaching environment, particularly in contrast to in-person instruction at the start of the semester? Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 students from diverse backgrounds who were enrolled in introductory computer science at a community college in California during the first semester of online classes due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Grounded theory data analysis was conducted on the interview data. Results: Students’ overall educational trajectories were largely unchanged by the shift to emergency remote teaching. However, one crucial factor in many students’ learning experiences was the lack of a physical transition to the campus and a corresponding transition into a school or studying mode supported by physically gathering with other students and away from distractions at home. Experiences in the classroom were found less engaging by many, and virtual interactions were sometimes awkward. Students struggled to get individualized help from instructors and campus resources and to interact with peers. Conclusions/Contributions: Instructors and administrators in community colleges need to be aware that the loss of college campus spaces and embodied peer interactions may pose an especially large barrier to success for the population they serve. An important takeaway for instructors is that the modalities and tools employed in emergency remote teaching are experienced quite differently by different students, and that additional supports, such as videotaped classes and flexibility in due dates, can be key for students’ success.