bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Orbispora gen. nov., ancestral in the Scutellosporaceae (Glomeromycetes)
Authors: Oehl Fritz , Silva Danielle Karla Alves da , Maia Leonor Costa , Sousa Natália Mirelly Ferreira de , Vieira Helder Elísio Evangelista , Silva Gladstone Alves da
Published: September 2011

Scutellospora pernambucana and S. projecturata are transferred into Orbispora, our proposed new genus in the arbuscular mycorrhiza-forming Scutellosporaceae (Glomeromycota). Orbispora is recognized by spores formed terminally on sporogenous
cells and three spore walls with single mono-lobed hyaline to subhyaline germination orbs on the inner 'germinal' wall that appear identical to the orbs in Kuklospora colombiana, K. kentinensis, and a few Acaulospora species. DNA sequence analyses show the two Orbispora
species as ancestral within the sporogenous cell-forming Glomeromycetes. An updated key summarizes the morphological differences among species in the Scutellosporaceae.
Hydnoid basidiomycetes new to Brazil
Authors: Gerlach Alice da Cruz Lima , Loguercio-Leite Clarice
Published: September 2011

A survey of wood-decaying fungi from an Araucaria forest in the state of Santa Catarina in southern Brazil yielded numerous species of Agaricomycetes. Three hydnaceous species collected (Mycobonia brunneoleuca, Mycoacia aurea and Spongipellis africana)
represent first records from Brazil. Illustrations and keys to the Brazilian species of Mycobonia, Mycoacia, and Spongipellis are provided.
Validation of Kwoniella heveanensis, teleomorph of the basidiomycetous yeast Cryptococcus heveanensis
Authors: Sun Sheng , Metin Banu , Findley Keisha , Fonseca Alvaro , Heitman Joseph
Published: September 2011

Kwoniella heveanensis, recently published in an electronic journal and without a designated holotype, is validated as the name of the newly discovered teleomorph of Cryptococcus heveanensis.
Saxicolous species of Claudopus (Agaricales, Entolomataceae) from Australia
Authors: Largent David L. , Abell-Davis Sandra E. , Cummings Griffin A. , Ryan Kathryn L. , Bergemann Sarah E.
Published: September 2011

Claudopus rupestris, C. viscosus, and C. minutoincanus are described as new to science. All three species produce abundant, white basidiomata on the underside of granitic rocks and have a pileus that is sticky to the touch. Claudopus rupestris has unusual
basidiospores, some of which are 4-angled. Claudopus viscosus and C. minutoincanus possess subcapitulate to capitulate pileocystidia and are morphologically similar to Entoloma jahnii of Europe.
Notes on Amylocorticiellum (Amylocorticiales, Basidiomycota), with some new combinations
Authors: Gorjón Sergio P. , Greslebin Alina G. , Rajchenberg Mario P.
Published: September 2011

A review of the known species in Amylocorticiellum is provided. Amylocorticiellum molle is reported as new to Argentina as well to the Southern Hemisphere. Three combinations in Amylocorticiellum, A. iaganicum, A. luteolum, and A. oblongisporum, are proposed,
and a key to all accepted species is provided.
A new species and a new record of Herpothallon (lichenized Ascomycota) from India
Authors: Ram T.A.M. Jagadeesh , Sinha G.P.
Published: September 2011

Herpothallon sticticum, a new lichen species is described from the Eastern Himalaya, India. Herpothallon echinatum is also reported for the first time from India.
Cortinarius xanthodryophilus sp. nov. – a common Phlegmacium under oaks in California
Authors: Bojantchev Dimitar , Davis R. Michael
Published: September 2011

A new Cortinarius species (subgenus Phlegmacium) associated with oaks in California is described. Cortinarius xanthodryophilus is a commonly encountered representative of the fulvoid bulbopodiums and is characterized by predominantly light to dark yellow colors,
distinctly emarginated bulb, weak alkali reaction, and association with oaks. Based on phylogenetic analysis of nrITS sequences, it is placed in the /pseudoglaucopodes/humolens clade.
The genus Pythium in Taiwan (2) — an Illustrated diagnostic key
Authors: Ho Hon H.
Published: September 2011

A diagnostic key has been developed to facilitate the identification of 48 species of Pythium recorded in Taiwan so far. Photomicrographs are provided for the 10 most common or economically important species to highlight their major morphological characteristics.
Glomeromycota: two new classes and a new order
Authors: Oehl Fritz , Alves a Silva Gladstone , Goto Bruno Tomio , Costa Maia Leonor , Sieverding Ewald
Published: September 2011

Based on concomitant molecular analyses of the ribosomal gene and morphological characteristics, we divide the phylum Glomeromycota into three classes: Glomeromycetes, Archaeosporomycetes, and Paraglomeromycetes. Glomeromycetes are newly organized in three orders:
Glomerales and Diversisporales, both forming typical vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza with higher plants, and Gigasporales, forming arbuscular mycorrhiza without vesicles in the roots but with extra-radical auxiliary cells. Within the phylum, Archaeosporomycetes
comprise exclusively bimorphic families and genera. The monogeneric Paraglomeromycetes species form glomoid spores that typically germinate directly through the spore wall instead through their subtending hyphae.
First report of Morganella compacta (Agaricales, Lycoperdaceae) from South America
Authors: Barbosa Marcos Mateus Barros , da Silva Maria Aparecida , da Cruz Rhudson Henrique Santos Ferreira , Calonge Francisco de Diego , Baseia Iuri Goulart
Published: September 2011

Morganella compacta is recorded for the first time from South America. This species is found in Northeastern Brazil growing on sandy soil of dune ecosystems. Detailed descriptions, illustrations of basidiomata and basidiospores SEM are given.
Cladophialophora pucciniophila, a new hyphomycete parasitizing a rust fungus
Authors: Park Mi-Jeong , Shin Hyeon-Dong
Published: September 2011

The hyperparasitic hyphomycete Cladophialophora pucciniophila sp. nov., collected on rust telia of Puccinia polygoni-amphibii from Korea, is described, illustrated, and compared with allied species. The new species differs from previously described Cladophialophora
species in having allantoid conidia and hyperparasitism on a rust fungus. Phylogenetic analysis of this fungus based on ITS rDNA data confirms its placement within the genus Cladophialophora.
Notes on Ceriporia (Basidiomycota, Polyporales) in China
Authors: Jia Bi-Si , Cui Bao-Kai
Published: September 2011

The 16 species recorded from China in the genus Ceriporia were studied. Among them Ceriporia nanlingensis is new to science, and C. davidii, C. mellea and C. totara are new to the Chinese fungal flora. These four species are described and illustrated
from the Chinese materials, and a key to accepted species of Chinese Ceriporia is supplied.
2. The Amsterdam Declaration on fungal nomenclature
Authors: Hawksworth David L. , Crous Pedro W. , Redhead Scott A. , Samson Robert A. , Seifert Keith A. , Taylor John W. , Wingfield Michael J.
Published: September 2011

The Amsterdam Declaration on Fungal Nomenclature was agreed at an international symposium convened in Amsterdam on 19–20 April 2011 under the auspices of the International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi (ICTF). The purpose of the symposium was to address the issue of whether
or how the current system of naming pleomorphic fungi should be maintained or changed now that molecular data are routinely available. The issue is urgent as mycologists currently follow different practices, and no consensus was achieved by a Special Committee appointed in 2005 by the International
Botanical Congress to advise on the problem. The Declaration recognizes the need for an orderly transition to a single-name nomenclatural system for all fungi, and to provide mechanisms to protect names that otherwise then become endangered. That is, meaning that priority should be given to
the first described name, except where there is a younger name in general use when the first author to select a name of a pleomorphic monophyletic genus is to be followed, and suggests controversial cases are referred to a body, such as the ICTF, which will report to the Committee for Fungi.
If appropriate, the ICTF could be mandated to promote the implementation of the Declaration.
Contribution to the lichen mycota of South Korea
Authors: Joshi Yogesh , Nguyen Thi Thuy , Wang Xin Yu , Lőkös László , Koh Young Jin , Hur Jae-Seoun
Published: September 2011

The present paper briefly describes 14 subtropical to temperate lichen species new to South Korea. Among the genera Bacidia, Cresponea, Diploschistes, Fissurina, Fuscidea, Micarea, Mycoblastus, Phyllopsora, Sarcogyne, Scoliciosporum, and Toninia reported for the first
time from South Korea, Fuscidea recensa var. arcuatula, Micarea elachista, Sarcogyne privigna, and Toninia cinereovirens also represent new records for East Asia, including China and Japan.
Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy not using canalicular silicone intubation tube with and without mitomycin C: a comparative study
Authors: Özkiriş Mahmut , Özkırış Abdullah
Published: September 2011

Purpose

To determine the outcome and safety of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EN-DCR) with the use of adjunctive mitomycin C (MMC) in nasolacrimal duct obstruction in adults.

Methods

In this retrospective, comparative case series, 54 consecutive adult patients underwent EN-DCR. We performed endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy with adjunctive MMC in 28 patients and endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy without MMC in 26 patients. All patients underwent a standardized procedure, with an endonasal approach to the lacrimal sac, surgical removal of nasal mucosa, lacrimal bone, and a fragment of the frontal process of the maxilla. The medial wall of the lacrimal sac was removed completely. In the study group (28 patients), a neurosurgical cottonoid soaked in MMC at 0.5 mg/mL was placed at the osteotomy site for 5 minutes (not using canalicular silicone intubation tube). In the other group (26 patients), standard endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy technique was used without MMC (not using canalicular silicone intubation tube). Main outcome measures were resolution of epiphora, absence of discharge, and patency of the ostium confirmed by irrigation at 6 months.

Results

The EN-DCR procedure with adjunctive MMC was successful in 24 (85.71%) cases. The mean follow-up was 14.3 months (8–24 months). No significant complications were encountered. In the control group, the EN-DCR was successful in 19 patients (73.07%). The mean follow-up was 13.2 months (6-24 months).

Conclusions

Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy with MMC is a safe and successful procedure for the treatment of nasolacrimal duct obstruction in adults.
ARCS: An Energy-Efficient Clustering Scheme for Sensor Network Monitoring Systems
Authors: Choi Dongmin , Moh Sangman , Chung Ilyong
Published: September 2011

To achieve efficiency in prolonging the lifetime of sensor networks many schemes have been proposed. Among these schemes, a clustering protocol is an efficient method that prolongs the lifetime of a network. However, in applying this method, some nodes consume energy unnecessarily because of an environment in which the collected data of the sensor nodes easily overlap. In this paper we propose a clustering method which reduces unnecessary data transmission among nodes by excluding the duplication of data. Our method alleviates the problem where nearby nodes collect the same data from adjacent areas by electing all nodes that form a cluster in consideration of the sensing coverage of the nodes. Also, it introduces relay nodes, also called repeaters, which help to hop the data transmission along to cluster head nodes in order to cope with energy-hole and link failure problems. This method prevents data loss caused by link failure problem and thus the data is collected reliably. According to the results of the performance analysis, our method reduces the energy consumption, increases the transmission efficiency, and prolongs network lifetime when compared to the existing clustering methods.
Juventudes e o mundo do trabalho: confinamento e a busca por pontes possíveis
Authors: Soares Alexandre Bárbara
Published: September 2011

Este artigo procura discutir a questão da juventude e inserções no mundo do trabalho a partir da relação entre duas perspectivas: o isolamento e o confinamento. O território de análise é a cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Procuro discutir as diferentes visões dos jovens de baixa renda de um grande território urbano brasileiro acerca de suas possibilidades de inserção no mundo do trabalho, tendo como eixo central as mudanças e novas configurações deste universo, com ênfase nos aspectos do isolamento e confinamento. O artigo nasce de reflexões conceituais a partir de uma pesquisa composta por entrevistas e grupos focais junto a jovens de cinco das maiores comunidades de baixa renda da cidade.
Mundo material: o mito da economia imaterial
Authors: Huws Ursula
Published: September 2011

Uma nova ortodoxia está se constituindo, que toma como certo que o “conhecimento” é a única fonte de valor, que o trabalho é uma eventualidade e não é localizável, que a globalização é um processo inexorável e inevitável e que, por, consequência, a resistência é vã e qualquer reivindicação advinda de um corpo físico aqui-e-agora está irremediavelmente fora de moda. As implicações deste “senso comum” são imensas, pois podem moldar assuntos tão diversos quanto impostos, legislação trabalhista, níveis de gastos com previdência, direitos de privacidade, e política ambiental. São noções que servem para legitimar uma nova agenda política e estabelecer o cenário para uma nova fase da acumulação de capital. A tarefa que me coloquei neste ensaio é re-corporificar/re-encarnar o espaço cibernético para tentar tornar visíveis os componentes materiais deste mundo virtual.
Intolerance of sexy peers: intrasexual competition among women
Authors: Vaillancourt Tracy , Sharma Aanchal
Published: September 2011

Intrasexual competition among males of different species, including humans, is well documented. Among females, far less is known. Recent nonexperimental studies suggest that women are intolerant of attractive females and use indirect aggression to derogate potential rivals. In Study 1, an experimental design was used to test the evolutionary‐based hypothesis that women would be intolerant of sexy women and would censure those who seem to make sex too readily available. Results provide strong empirical support for intrasexual competition among women. Using independent raters, blind to condition, we found that almost all women were rated as reacting negatively (“bitchy”) to an attractive female confederate when she was dressed in a sexually provocative manner. In contrast, when she was dressed conservatively, the same confederate was barely noticed by the participants. In Study 2, an experimental design was used to assess whether the sexy female confederate from Study 1 was viewed as a sexual rival by women. Results indicated that as hypothesized, women did not want to introduce her to their boyfriend, allow him to spend time alone with her, or be friends with her. Findings from both studies are discussed in terms of evolutionary theory. Aggr. Behav. 37:569–577, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Highly Interconnected Si Nanowires for Improved Stability Li‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Nguyen Hung T. , Yao Fei , Zamfir Mihai R. , Biswas Chandan , So Kang Pyo , Lee Young Hee , Kim Seong Min , Cha Seung Nam , Kim Jong Min , Pribat Didier
Published: September 2011

Silicon exhibits the largest known capacity for Li insertion in anodes of Li‐ion batteries. However, because of large volume expansion/phase changes upon alloying, Si becomes powder‐like after a few charge‐discharge cycles. Various approaches have been explored in the past to circumvent this problem, including the use of nanomaterials, particularly Si nanowires. However, even though nanowires resist cracking very well, anodes based on Si nanowires still see their original capacity fade away upon cycling, because of wire detachment from the substrate, due to the stress generated at their roots upon alloying with Li. Here, we present a silicon nanowire growth strategy yielding highly interconnected specimens, which prevents them from being individually detached from the substrate. We report a ∼100% charge retention after 40 cycles at C/2 rate, without charging voltage limitation. We also show that our anodes can be cycled at 8C rates without damage and we grow nanowires with a density of 1.2 mg/cm2, yielding anodes delivering a 4.2 mAh/cm2 charge density. Finally, we point out that a better understanding of the interactions of silicon with electrolytes is needed if the field is to progress in the future.
The total cost of father desertion
Authors: Winking Jeffrey , Gurven Michael
Published: September 2011

Objectives: The benefits of paternal investment have long been explored by assessing the impact of father's presence on child wellbeing. Previous studies, however, have only examined the average effect of father's presence on child survivorship. Here we assess the total fitness cost to men of deserting (or the benefit of staying), by considering effects on the entire progeny. We estimate the total number of children that a deserting father can expect to lose due to reduced survivorship over the life course in five populations, and compare this loss to the benefit gains from remarrying a younger wife.

Methods: We compiled the observed impacts of father's absence, as well as mortality and fertility schedules, for five foraging or foraging/horticultural populations. We calculate how many additional children a man can expect to lose due to father's absence throughout a marriage. We then calculate the minimum age difference between a first and second spouse that would be necessary to overcome this cost.

Results: Because child mortality rates drop so rapidly, the costs that men experience from desertion due to augmented child mortality are modest throughout marriage. Even hypothetically inflated father effects can be overcome with modest age differences between first and second spouses.

Conclusions: Returns to paternal investment in terms of increased child survival are not substantial compared to those received by successfully practicing a serial mating strategy. This suggests that factors other than the ability to enhance child survival, such as female choice, are important to the evolutionary history and continued adaptive functioning of men's unique reproductive strategies. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
How well does social variation mirror secular change in prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in a country in transition?
Authors: Bjerregaard Peter , Dahl‐Petersen Inger Katrine
Published: September 2011

Objectives: The social and cultural transition among the Inuit in Greenland over the last generations has in ecological studies been linked to changes in cardiovascular risk factors. To permit analyses at the individual level, we propose a categorization of participants in a cross‐sectional study according to their relative position in the process of social change.

Methods: Data was included from two cross‐sectional population surveys in 1993–1994 (N = 1,580) and 2005–2009 (N = 2,834). Socioeconomic factors, mental health, health behavior, obesity, blood lipids, blood pressure, and prevalence of diabetes were compared between the surveys and among groups at various degree of social change defined from current residence, job, and education. General linear models and logistic regression analysis were applied.

Results: Most outcome variables showed statistically significant difference between the two studies indicating secular change, and for most the gradient in the ranked social groups was in agreement with the observed secular change. This included housing conditions, wealth, diet, smoking, alcohol, physical activity, obesity, and for women also non‐HDL cholesterol and hypertension. Anxiety and depression increased over time but decreased with social group for women. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes has increased, but we found no differences among social groups. Serum triglyceride and for men non‐HDL cholesterol and hypertension showed inconsistent results.

Conclusions: For a majority of the examined cardiovascular risk factors, social population groups defined from cross‐sectional data adequately mirror secular change. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Primates and primatologists: social contexts for interspecies pathogen transmission
Authors: Engel G.A. , Jones‐Engel L.
Published: September 2011

Humans and nonhuman primates (NHP) interact in a variety of contexts. The frequency, duration, and intensity of interspecies interaction influence the likelihood that contact results in cross‐species transmission of infectious agents. In this study, we present results of a cross‐sectional survey of attendees at a national conference of primatologists, characterizing their occupational exposures to NHP. Of 116 individuals who participated in the study, 68.1% reported having worked with NHP in a field setting, 68.1% in a laboratory setting, and 24.1% at a zoo or animal sanctuary. Most subjects (N=98, 84.5%) reported having worked with multiple NHP taxa, including 46 (39.7%) who had worked with more than five distinct taxa. Sixty‐nine subjects (59.5%) recalled having been scratched by a NHP and 48 (41.1%) had been bitten; 32 subjects reporting being bitten more than once. Eleven subjects (9.5%) reported having been injured by a needle containing NHP tissue or body fluids. We conclude that primatologists are at high risk for exposure to NHP‐borne infectious agents. Furthermore, primatologists' varied occupational activities often bring them into contact with multiple NHP species in diverse contexts and geographic areas, over extended periods of time, making them a unique population with respect to zoonotic and anthropozoonotic disease risk. Am. J. Primatol. 74:543–550, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Putting marine sanctuaries into context: a comparison of estuary fish assemblages over multiple levels of protection and modification
Authors: McKinley Andrew C. , Ryan Laura , Coleman Melinda A. , Knott Nathan A. , Clark Graeme , Taylor Matthew D. , Johnston Emma L.
Published: September 2011

In recent decades there has been a significant effort to establish marine sanctuaries for the purpose of protecting marine biodiversity and ecological processes. While many studies have demonstrated that marine sanctuaries increase the abundance, diversity, and trophic level of marine fish communities, few have compared these parameters across multiple levels of protection and human modification.

This study utilized baited remote underwater video to compare fish assemblages between marine parks, between different levels of protection within parks (sanctuary and habitat protection zones), and between parks and highly modified systems with similar ecological communities.

It was demonstrated that sanctuary zones have higher abundance of targeted fish species compared with other areas within some marine parks.

The total abundance of targeted species and abundances of some key fisheries species (e.g. pink snapper) were found to be higher in sanctuary zones. This suggests that increased protection may be effective at improving these aspects of the fish assemblage.

However, when marine parks were compared with highly modified environments it was found that targeted species were much more abundant in the highly modified systems.

Community composition of entire fish assemblages also differed between these levels of modification and economically important fisheries species contributed most to this difference.

These findings suggest that while highly protected sanctuary zones may increase the abundance of targeted fish compared with less protected areas within the same estuary, highly industrialized or urbanized systems, not typically chosen as marine parks, may actually support more targeted species of fish.

It was demonstrated that forms of modification in addition to fishing pressure are having large effects on fish assemblages and productivity.

Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Predicted Electronic and Thermodynamic Properties of a Newly Discovered Zn8Sb7 Phase.
Authors: Pomrehn Gregory S. , Toberer Eric S. , Snyder G. Jeffrey , van de Walle Axel
Published: September 2011

DFT band structure calculations predict Zn8Sb7, much like ZnSb and Zn4Sb3, to be an intermetallic semiconductor with similar thermoelectric properties.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Rhombohedral Modification of EuNi5In.
Authors: Bigun Inna , Smetana Volodymyr , Kalychak Yaroslav
Published: September 2011

A new rhombohedral modification of the title compound is obtained by annealing of EuNi4In (Ta foil, 1070→870 K, 75 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of Novel Ni—Zn Borides: First Observation a Boron—Metal Nested Cage Unit: B20Ni6.
Authors: Malik Zahida P. , Sologub Oksana , Grytsiv Andriy , Giester Gerald , Rogl Peter F.
Published: September 2011

Ni21Zn2B24 (I), Ni12ZnB7.57 (II), and Ni3ZnB2 (III) are prepared from mixtures of arc‐melted NiBx and Zn powders (800 °C, 7 d) and characterized by powder and single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure, Thermal Expansion, Electrical Conductivity and Chemical Compatibility Studies of Nanocrystalline Ln0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8 O3‐δ (Ln: Nd, Sm, Gd).
Authors: Chaubey Nityanand , Jain Dheeraj , Wani B. N. , Pillai C. G. S. , Bharadwaj S. R. , Chattopadhyaya M. C.
Published: September 2011

The title perovskite oxide based cathode materials are prepared by a gel‐combustion method from aqueous solutions of stoichiometric amounts of the metal nitrates using glycine as a fuel (sintering at 1673 K for 10 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetic Properties of the NaCoXO4F·2H2O Phases Where X: S and Se.
Authors: Melot B. C. , Chotard J.‐N. , Rousse G. , Ati M. , Reynaud M. , Tarascon J.‐M.
Published: September 2011

CoSeO4 is prepared by neutralizing a solution of selenic acid with Co2(CO3)x(OH)y at 70 °C and used as precursor for the synthesis of NaCoSeO4F·2H2O by reaction with a stoichiometric amount of NaF at 80 °C.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Vinylogous Mukaiyama Aldol Reaction of α‐Haloenals.
Authors: Iwasaki Yoichi , Matsui Ryosuke , Suzuki Takahiro , Nakazaki Atsuo , Kobayashi Susumu
Published: September 2011

A high yielding and stereoselective vinylogous Mukaiyama aldol reaction of α‐haloenals is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Au(PPh3)OPOF2‐Catalyzed Intramolecular [4 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction of Dienynes.
Authors: Kim Soo Min , Park Ji Hoon , Chung Young Keun
Published: September 2011

A novel gold catalyst is described which is formed upon solvolysis of Au(PPh3)PF6 in the presence of traces of water.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Piperidinone and Quinolinone Systems via Ring Opening Reactions Using TiCl4/Silyl Reagents.
Authors: Muthusamy Sengodagounder , Gangadurai Chinnakuzhanthai , Krishnamurthi Janagiraman , Suresh Eringathodi
Published: September 2011

The Rh‐catalyzed treatment of diazoketones like (I) with imines of type (II) results in formation of oxa‐bridged piperidine ring systems such as (III) and (XI).
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective One‐Pot 1,4‐Elimination and the [1,2]‐Wittig Rearrangement of (E)‐δ‐(Arylmethoxy or 3‐Silyl‐2‐propynyloxy)‐Substituted Allylic Sulfones.
Authors: Horii Susumu , Ishimaru Isao , Ukaji Yutaka , Inomata Katsuhiko
Published: September 2011

The rearrangement of allylic sulfones induced by the successive treatment with KOtBu and LDA affords the corresponding dienyl alcohols with high selectivity for the formation of the respective (Z)‐isomer, due to a syn‐effect in the elimination step.
ChemInform Abstract: Inter‐ and Intramolecular Hydroacylation of Alkenes Employing a Bifunctional Catalyst System.
Authors: Vautravers Nicolas R. , Regent Damien D. , Breit Bernhard
Published: September 2011

A novel bifunctional P,N‐ligand is synthesized and successfully used in rhodium‐catalyzed inter‐ and intramolecular hydroacylation reactions of alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(II) Chloride Catalyzed Glaser Oxidative Coupling Reaction in Polyethylene Glycol.
Authors: Li Yu‐Nong , Wang Jing‐Lun , He Liang‐Nian
Published: September 2011

Optimized conditions allow the successful coupling of terminal alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild C—H Halogenation of Anilides and the Isolation of an Unusual Palladium(I)—Palladium(II) Species.
Authors: Bedford Robin B. , Haddow Mairi F. , Mitchell Charlotte J. , Webster Ruth L.
Published: September 2011

Regioselective ortho‐halogenation of anilides (I), (III) is smoothly achieved with N‐halosuccinimides in the system Pd(O‐Ac)2—TosOH—air under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (R)‐Selegiline via Hydrolytic Kinetic Resolution.
Authors: Kondekar Nagendra B. , Kumar Pradeep
Published: September 2011

The key step is the conversion of racemic (I) to enantiomerically pure (II) and (III) by means of Jacobsen′s HKR method.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Salicylanilides by Direct Amide Bond Formation from Salicyclic Acid under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Lu Cheng‐Rong , Zhao Bei , Jiang Ying‐Peng , Ding Hao , Yang Sheng
Published: September 2011

The reaction is more efficient and wider in scope compared to established routes, moreover it provides short reaction times and convenient work‐up.
ChemInform Abstract: C—S Cross‐Coupling of Thiols with Aryl Iodides under Ligand‐Free Conditions Using Nano Copper Oxide as a Recyclable Catalyst in Ionic Liquid.
Authors: Schwab Ricardo S. , Singh Devender , Alberto Eduardo E. , Piquini Paulo , Rodrigues Oscar E. D. , Braga Antonio L.
Published: September 2011

Best results are achieved performing the reaction in [bmmim]BF4.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Conjugate Boration of α,β‐Unsaturated Sulfones.
Authors: Moure Abraham L. , Gomez Arrayas Ramon , Carretero Juan C.
Published: September 2011

The asymmetric boration of unsaturated sulfones (I) and (III) in the presence of optically active Cu(I)‐diphosphine complexes followed by oxidation of the addition products with NaBO3 leads to corresponding β‐hydroxysulfones (II) and (IV) with high enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Asymmetric Darzens Reactions with a Phase Transfer Catalyst.
Authors: Liu Yan , Provencher Brian A. , Bartelson Keith J. , Deng Li
Published: September 2011

The new PTC is used to catalyze an unprecedented highly enantioselective Darzens reaction of α‐chloro ketones with aldehydes to give optically active epoxides.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Cycloisomerization/Suzuki Coupling of Arylethynyl MIDA Boronates.
Authors: Chan Julian M. W. , Amarante Giovanni W. , Toste F. Dean
Published: September 2011

The process forms heterocyclic MIDA boronate intermediates which are directly coupled with aryl halides to give aryl‐substituted heterocycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Decarboxylative Formation of N‐Alkyl Pyrroles from 4‐Hydroxyproline.
Authors: Deb Indubhusan , Coiro Daniel J. , Seidel Daniel
Published: September 2011

A new protocol for the synthesis of N‐alkylated pyrroles and related indoles via microwave‐accelerated decarboxylative condensation of corresponding N‐heterocyclic carboxylic acid with carbonyl compounds is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of α‐Substituted Cyanoacetates to Maleimides.
Authors: Wang Jin‐Jia , Dong Xue‐Jiao , Wei Wen‐Tao , Yan Ming
Published: September 2011

Chiral succinimides with two adjacent quaternary and tertiary stereogenic carbon centers are formed with good diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities in most cases using Takemoto′s thiourea catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of 3‐Substituted Pyrroles by Nucleophilic Addition of 3‐(1‐Arylsulfonylalkyl) Pyrroles Activated under Basic or Acid Conditions.
Authors: Martinelli Fabio , Palmieri Alessandro , Petrini Marino
Published: September 2011

The removal of the 3‐arylsulfonyl group of pyrroles can be achieved under basic or acidic conditions to give vinylogous imino‐like derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbohydrate‐Derived Alcohols as Organocatalysts in Enantioselective Aldol Reactions of Isatins with Ketones.
Authors: Shen Chao , Shen Fangyi , Xia Haijun , Zhang Pengfei , Chen Xinzhi
Published: September 2011

Glucosamine‐derived compound GLU gives the resulting 3‐hydroxyindolinones with up to 75% enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Hydrogenation of N‐Boc‐Imidazoles and Oxazoles.
Authors: Kuwano Ryoichi , Kameyama Nao , Ikeda Ryuhei
Published: September 2011

The products can smoothly be converted into chiral 1,2‐diamines or β‐amino alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, in vitro Antioxidant, Anthelmintic and Molecular Docking Studies of Novel Dichloro Substituted Benzoxazole‐triazolo‐thione Derivatives.
Authors: Satyendra R. V. , Vishnumurthy K. A. , Vagdevi H. M. , Rajesh K. P. , Manjunatha H. , Shruthi A.
Published: September 2011

Triazolobenzoxazolethione (IV) and its derivatives (VI) and (IX) are synthesized from hydrazinylbenzoxazole (II) which is obtained by an anomalous reaction of hydrazine hydrate with ester (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Mg—Al Hydrotalcite as a First Heterogeneous Basic Catalyst for the Synthesis of 4H‐Pyrano[2,3‐c]pyrazoles Through a Four‐Component Reaction.
Authors: Kshirsagar Siddheshwar W. , Patil Nitin R. , Samant Shriniwas D.
Published: September 2011

The used heterogeneous catalyst Mg‐Al hydrotalcite can be easily removed from the reaction mixture by filtration.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of 8‐Methoxy‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐1‐benzopyran‐3‐ol.
Authors: Shindikar A. V. , Viswanathan C. L.
Published: September 2011

A practical, simple and inexpensive procedure for the preparation of title compound (VIII), a key intermediate in the synthesis of the β‐adrenoreceptor blocking agent nipradilol, is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Regioselective Silaboration of Pyridines Leading to the Synthesis of Silylated Dihydropyridines.
Authors: Oshima Kazuyuki , Ohmura Toshimichi , Suginome Michinori
Published: September 2011

Depending on the pyridine used, 1,4‐ or 1,2‐silaboration takes place.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐(1,3,4‐Thiadiazole‐2‐yl)quinoline Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity.
Authors: Bhat Abdul R. , Tazeem Tazeem , Azam Amir , Choi Inho , Athar Fareeda
Published: September 2011

A library of thiosemicarbazones (III) and thiadiazoles (V) is prepared with the aim to explore their effect on the growth of microorganisms.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Synthesis and Biological Activities of Pyridine Derivatives of 3,4‐Dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones.
Authors: Zhu Xiao‐Fei , Shi De‐Qing
Published: September 2011

Title compounds of type (III) (9 examples) are prepared and screened for their biological activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Studies on Erythrina Alkaloids: Formal Total Synthesis of (+)‐3‐Demethoxyerythratidinone.
Authors: Moon Jong Taik , Jung Jin Ah , Ha Sung Hoon , Song Sung Ho , Park Sung Jun , Kim Jungahn , Choo Dong Joon , Lee Yong Sup , Lee Jae Yeol
Published: September 2011

The title compound (+)‐(II) is synthesized from L‐malic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Clausenawallines A and B, Two New Dimeric Carbazole Alkaloids from the Roots of Clausena wallichii.
Authors: Maneerat Wisanu , Ritthiwigrom Thunwadee , Cheenpracha Sarot , Prawat Uma , Laphookhieo Surat
Published: September 2011

Clausenawalline A (I) exhibits strong antimalarial activity, cytotoxicity and anti‐TB effects.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Asymmetric Synthesis of (‐)‐Wodeshiol.
Authors: Lee Soon Ho , Jung Jae‐Chul , Park Oee Sook
Published: September 2011

An improved five‐step route toward the furofuran lignan (‐)‐wodeshiol (V) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Toward Redox Framework Single Site Zeolite Catalysts
Authors: Dzwigaj Stanislaw , Che Michel
Published: September 2011

Review: 83 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis of Nanostructured and Nanometer‐sized Systems
Authors: Delogu Francesco , Arca Elisabetta , Shvets Igor V.
Published: September 2011

Review: 87 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of Compound Layer During Nitriding and Nitrocarburizing ‐ Current Understanding and Future Challenges
Authors: Somers Marcel A. J.
Published: September 2011

Review: 30 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Flame Aerosol Synthesis of Metal Oxide Catalysts with Unprecedented Structural and Catalytic Properties
Authors: Schimmoeller Bjoern , Pratsinis Sotiris E. , Baiker Alfons
Published: September 2011

Review: 178 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Advancement in Molecular Hydrogen Storage Systems
Authors: Sahler Sebastian , Prechtl Martin H. G.
Published: September 2011

Review: 18 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ordered Mesoporous Non‐Oxide Materials
Authors: Shi Yifeng , Wan Ying , Zhao Dongyuan
Published: September 2011

Review: 296 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Coordinated Phenoxyl Radicals
Authors: Thomas Fabrice
Published: September 2011

Review: 142 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ring Formation Reaction by Activation of Multiple Bonds Using Molecular Iodine and Hydrogen (Poly)iodide
Authors: Matsumoto Shoji , Ogura Katsuyuki
Published: September 2011

Review: ca. 80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in Dynamic Kinetic Resolution
Authors: Pellissier Helene
Published: September 2011

Review: novel chiral auxiliaries, chiral catalysts or enzymatic methods; 208 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry and Glycobiology
Authors: Wu Chung‐Yi , Wong Chi‐Huey
Published: September 2011

Review: recent advances in the synthesis of glycoproteins, glycan array development, and probing of post‐translational glycosylation; 95 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbocatalysis: Heterogeneous Carbons Finding Utility in Synthetic Chemistry
Authors: Dreyer Daniel R. , Bielawski Christopher W.
Published: September 2011

Review: 104 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: C—H Functionalization of Heteroarenes Using First‐Row Transition Metals: Copper and Nickel Catalyses
Authors: Hirano Koji , Miura Masahiro
Published: September 2011

Review: ca. 80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Fullerene C72Cl4: The Exception that Proves the Rule?
Authors: Martin Nazario
Published: September 2011

Review: 25 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Design Strategies for Engineering Selectivity in Bio‐Inspired Heterogeneous Catalysts.
Authors: Xuereb David J. , Raja Robert
Published: September 2011

Review: 154 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Self‐Assembly of Hydrophilic Polyoxometalate Macroanions in Dilute Solutions
Authors: Kistler Melissa L. , Pigga Joe , Liu Tianbo
Published: September 2011

Review: 40 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of Filtration Aids for Improving Sludge Dewatering Properties
Authors: Qi Ying , Thapa Khagendra B. , Hoadley Andrew F. A.
Published: September 2011

Review: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Hyperconjugation
Authors: Alabugin Igor V. , Gilmore Kerry M. , Peterson Paul W.
Published: September 2011

Review: 289 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Controversial Reaction Mechanism of Stevens Rearrangement
Authors: Bhakat Soumendranath
Published: September 2011

Review: 25 refs.
Visualisation research on characteristics of the cryogenic slug flow in vertical and inclined tubes
Authors: Liu Yi‐Peng , Wang Ping‐Yang , Hu Xue‐Yu , Zhang Hua , Du Zhao‐Hui
Published: September 2011

The statistical parameters of Taylor bubbles in cryogenic slug flow along glass tube were studied experimentally for various inclination angles θ (0°–60° from the vertical direction) and four tube inner diameters D (14, 18, 25 and 32 mm) by using high speed digital camera. The distributions and mean values of initial formation position, and the length and velocity of Taylor bubbles along the tube at various inclination angles were obtained. Initial position of Taylor bubbles increases as tube inner diameter increases and the effect of tube diameter on Taylor bubble initial position becomes more obvious at θ ≥ 30°. Taylor bubble length shows an allometric decreasing trend with the increasing of tube inner diameter. The influence of inclination angle and axial position on the length and velocity of Taylor bubble in cryogenic slug flow agrees qualitatively with conventional air–water system. The maximum mean velocity of Taylor bubble occurs at 30° ≤ θ ≤ 45° and the minimum mean length of Taylor bubble occurs at 0° ≤ θ ≤ 20°. The Mean length of Taylor bubble increases along the tube for x/D ≤ 60. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
Pyrolysis kinetics of Athabasca bitumen using a TGA under the influence of reservoir sand
Authors: Murugan Pulikesi , Mani Thilakavathi , Mahinpey Nader , Dong Mingzhe
Published: September 2011

Pyrolysis kinetics of thermal decomposition of bitumen was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). TGA experiments were conducted at multiple heating rates of 5, 10, 20°C min–1 up to 800°C to obtain the pyrolysis characteristics of bitumen. Weight loss curve from TGA shows that two different stages occurred during bitumen pyrolysis. Differential method has been used for determining the kinetic parameters and the best fit for the order of reaction was found based on the R2 values. Kinetics results confirm the presence of two different stages in bitumen pyrolysis with varying kinetic parameters. The average activation energy for the first and second stage was 29 and 60 kJ mol−1 and the average order of the reaction was 1.5 and 0.25, respectively. Experiments have been conducted with different reservoir sand. The effect of different source of sand reveals no effect on the pyrolysis behaviour of bitumen. A considerable difference was found with the pyrolysis of bitumen–sand mixtures and bitumen alone based on coke yield and activation energy. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
Airway Gas Exchange and Exhaled Biomarkers
Authors: George Steven C. , Hlastala Michael P.
Published: September 2011

During inspiration and expiration, gases traverse the conducting airways as they are transported between the environment and the alveolar region of the lungs. The term “conducting” airways is used broadly as the airway tree is thought largely to provide a conduit for the respiratory gases, oxygen and carbon dioxide. However, despite a significantly smaller surface area, and thicker barrier separating the gas phase from the blood when compared to the alveolar region, the airway tree can participate in gas exchange under special conditions such as high water solubility, high chemical reactivity, or production of the gas within the airway wall tissue. While these conditions do not apply to the respiratory gases, other gases demonstrate substantial exchange of the airways and are of particular importance to the inflammatory response of the lungs, the medical‐legal field, occupational health, metabolic disorders, or protection of the delicate alveolar membrane. Given the significant structural differences between the airways and the alveolar region, the physical determinants that control airway gas exchange are unique and require different models (both experimental and mathematical) to explore. Our improved physiological understanding of airway gas exchange combined with improved analytical methods to detect trace compounds in the exhaled breath provides future opportunities to develop new exhaled biomarkers that are characteristic of pulmonary and systemic conditions. © 2011 American Physiological Society.Compr Physiol1:1837‐1859, 2011.
Na+/H+Exchangers
Authors: Orlowski John , Grinstein Sergio
Published: September 2011

Tightly coupled exchange of Na+for H+occurs across the surface membrane of virtually all living cells. For years, the underlying molecular entity was unknown and the full physiological significance of the exchange process was not appreciated, but much knowledge has been gained in the last two decades. We now realize that, unlike most of the other transporters that specialize in supporting one specific function, Na+/H+exchangers (NHE) participate in a remarkable assortment of physiological processes, ranging from pH homeostasis and epithelial salt transport, to systemic and cellular volume regulation. In parallel, we have learned a great deal about the biochemistry and molecular biology of Na+/H+exchange. Indeed, it has now become apparent that exchange is mediated not by one, but by a diverse family of related yet distinct carriers (antiporters) sometimes present in different cell types and located in various intracellular compartments. Each one of these has unique structural features that dictate its functional role and mode of regulation. The biological relevance of Na+/H+exchange is emphasized by its evolutionary conservation; analogous exchangers are present from bacteria to man. Because of its wide distribution and versatile function, Na+/H+exchange has attracted an enormous amount of interest and therefore generated a vast literature. The vastness and complexity of the field has been compounded by the multiplicity of NHE isoforms. For reasons of space and in the spirit of this series, this overview is restricted to the family of mammalian NHEs. © 2011 American Physiological Society.Compr Physiol1:2083‐2100, 2011.
Membrane Proteins Structure and Dynamics by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Maltsev Sergey , Lorigan Gary A.
Published: September 2011

Membrane proteins represent a challenging class of biological systems to study. They are extremely difficult to crystallize and in most cases they retain their structure and functions only in membrane environments. Therefore, commonly used diffraction methods fail to give detailed molecular structure and other approaches have to be utilized to obtain biologically relevant information. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, however, can provide powerful structural and dynamical constraints on these complicated systems. Solution‐ and solid‐state NMR are powerful methods for investigating membrane proteins studies. In this work, we briefly review both solution and solid‐state NMR techniques for membrane protein studies and illustrate the applications of these methods to elucidate proteins structure, conformation, topology, dynamics, and function. Recent advances in electronics, biological sample preparation, and spectral processing provided opportunities for complex biological systems, such as membrane proteins inside lipid vesicles, to be studied faster and with outstanding quality. New analysis methods therefore have emerged, that benefit from the combination of sample preparation and corresponding specific high‐end NMR techniques, which give access to more structural and dynamic information. © 2011 American Physiological Society.Compr Physiol1:2175‐2187, 2011.