bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POLA SEBARAN DAN OPERASI PENANGKAPAN IKAN PADA ALAT TANGKAP BAGAN APUNG DI PERAIRAN TELUK PALABUHANRATU
Authors: Praja Ardan , Dewanti Lantun Paradhita , Apriliani Izza Mahdiana , Putra Pringgo Kusuma Dwi Noor Yadi
Published: December 2024

Operasi penangkapan alat tangkap bagan apung memiliki hubungan yang erat dengan persebarannya, karena sebaran bagan apung dapat memengaruhi hasil tangkapan ikan. Seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi citra satelit dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pemantauan sebaran alat tangkap bagan apung. Riset ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pola sebaran bagan apung di perairan Teluk Palabuhanratu dan mengidentifikasi operasi penangkapan ikan pada alat tangkap bagan apung di perairan Teluk Palabuhanratu. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dan observasi kepada nelayan. Pengumpulan data sekunder memanfaatkan citra satelit Sentinel-2 pada tahun 2019-2023 di perairan Teluk Palabuhanratu, kemudian hasil rekaman citra satelit di digitasi manual menggunakan software ArcGIS. Titik-titik sebaran alat tangkap bagan apung hasil dari digitasi manual dianalisis menggunakan analisis tetangga terdekat (nearest neighboor analysis) yang hasilnya berupa indeks T. Hasil analisis tetangga terdekat (indeks T) di perairan Teluk Palabuhanratu pada tahun 2019-2023 adalah 1,23, 1,09, 1,14, 0,90, dan 0,95 yang berarti selama 5 tahun pola sebaran alat tangkap bagan apung di perairan Teluk Palabuhanratu adalah acak. Pengoperasian bagan apung terdiri dari persiapan, perjalanan menuju fishing ground, penurunan jaring (setting), penarikan jaring (hauling), dan perjalanan kembali menuju fishing base. Operasi penangkapan ikan dilakukan dalam one day fishing. Hasil tangkapan bagan apung di perairan Teluk Palabuhanratu mencakup ikan pelagis kecil.
Kata kunci: analisis tetangga terdekat, citra satelit, ikan pelagis kecil
Prevalence of anxiety among medical students of D.G. Khan Medical College: A cross-sectional study.
Authors: Areeba Rashid  , Areesha Rashid  , Saad Ali
Published: December 2024

Objective: To evaluate anxiety levels among medical students of a public medical college by using a self-administered anxiety questionnaire. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Study was conducted on the MBBS students of D.G. Khan Medical College. Period: December 2022 to June 2023. Methods: A validated questionnaire comprised on Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) scale was provided to all MBBS students at D. G. Khan medical college. Sociodemographic variables like; gender, age, locality, and current residential status were included in the questionnaire. The data was transferred to SPSS V-23 to analyze the variance of Anxiety Levels and MBBS study years among both genders. The p-value (p ≤ 0.05) was used to decide significance of the results. Results: The number of respondents was 523 (93.6%) out of 559 enrolled students at the time of the survey. Using the BAI scale, the overall anxiety estimated in MBBS students was 96.4% including male (95.5%) and female (97.0%). However, the prevalence of severe anxiety observed in female (22.2%) students was slightly higher than male (21.9%) students. Moreover, the highest level of severe anxiety (37.1%) was detected in 3rd year students whereas, the peak value of overall anxiety (23.1%) was detected in 2nd year students. The gender comparison test (p = 0.006) revealed that females exhibit more anxiety than males. Conclusion: The higher levels of anxiety were consistently observed among female students. The severe anxiety was observed among 3rd year students, likely due to their transition into the clinical year facing additional c hallenges beyond academics.
O uso dos Materiais Manipulativos para o ensino da Geometria Plana e Espacial
Authors: Silva Letícia Ferreira Da , Valente Ana Acácia
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho apresenta um relato de experiência da aplicação do uso de materiais manipulativos para o ensino da Geometria Plana e Espacial que foi realizado numa turma de 3°ano do Ensino Médio em uma
A REVELAÇÃO DO "R" RETROFLEXO NO CINEMA BRASILEIRO: uma análise sociolinguística do filme Divórcio
Authors: Trevisani Emanuelle de Oliveira , Rodrigues Lívia Maria Domiciano , Borges Leonardo Mailon
Published: December 2024

O filme Divórcio, de 2017, dirigido por Pedro Amorim e produzido pela Warner Bros Pictures, lançado no dia 21 de setembro de 2017, com base na orientação de produção do gênero comédia. A obra cinematográfica conta a história do casal Noeli e Júlio, um casal improvável, sobre o qual se compreende que a jovem mulher abandona sua vida de luxo com seus pais para levar uma vida simples e humilde no interior com o jovem rapaz. A história muda quando, juntos, criam um molho de tomate, que, consequentemente, torna-se um sucesso nacional. Com o passar dos anos, os dois acumulam um grande patrimônio e uma vida luxuosa, tendo, como consequência, o distanciamento do casal, pois Júlio está mais focado na sua empresa do que no casamento e Noeli fica magoada pela situação. Eles, nesse sentido, iniciam um novo momento em sua vida como parceiros, uma vez que os defeitos serão motivos de grandes problemas dentro da relação. A comédia revela a disputa que o cônjuge teve acerca de seus bens, após uma grande desavença entre eles, o que causa um grande conflito, pois Júlio esqueceu Noeli dentro do carro em uma mata, dando início a essa luta, o divórcio. O filme se passa na cidade de Ribeirão Preto e as cenas foram gravadas tanto no âmbito urbano quanto no rural. Analisamos essa mudança de ambiente quando as personagens deixam a vida do interior e passam a viver em um cenário urbano, porém ainda denominado, no filme, como o de cidade pequena.

Sendo assim, esta pesquisa trata de um processo de leitura, descrição, análise e interpretação calcado nos estudos de sociolinguística, uma das vertentes estudada pela linguística. Sob esse prima avaliativo, podemos citar as seguintes questões: Essas construções linguísticas estão de acordo com a norma-padrão? As escolhas linguísticas valorizam a cultura caipira no contexto global do filme? Se sim, por quê? Se não, por quê? O humor construído nas interações entre as personagens revela preconceitos linguísticos e sociais? Além da variação diatópica, concebe-se a variação diastrática no projeto linguístico dessas personagens? Como se dá a relação entre o urbano e o rural na construção linguística das personagens? Os personagens são construídos sob a ótica de um estereótipo do que é ser caipira?
Seguindo às seguintes questões pretendemos realizar uma análise elucidando a representação do r retroflexo dentro da produção cinematográfica brasileira.

Sucederá nas subseções a apresentação do filme, uma análise do que é sociolinguística, o cinema no cenário nacional, trechos retirados da obra cinematográfica e considerações finais.
PESQUISAS EM ENSINO DE QUÍMICA SOBRE AS DIFICULDADES NO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Silva Isadora Shirley de Oliveira , Souza Glageane da Silva
Published: December 2024

As disciplinas de exata no ensino médio, em específico de química são apontadas como muito abstratas e com linguagens muito técnicas e que podem dificultar a associação do cotidiano com os conteúdos abordados em sala de aula. Neste trabalho buscou-se identificar as principais dificuldades dos alunos no aprendizado de química no ensino médio, e os fatores que influenciam nesse processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Assim, a pesquisa foi realizada através de uma análise de artigos do Google acadêmico no intervalo de 2013-2023. O presente estudo fundamentou-se em um método de pesquisa quantitativo, qualitativo e bibliográfico. Buscamos grupos de pesquisas e artigos que apontaram algumas das variáveis que possam influenciar nesse processo tão complexo. A base matemática, o desenvolvimento de novas metodologias e a falta de infraestrutura foram alguns dos fatores que foram apontados como entraves no ensino de química.
Lesão por pressão em pacientes internados em leito de unidades de terapia intensiva: Uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Cavalcante Gabrielly da Silva
Published: December 2024

A lesão por pressão (LPP) é um dano localizado na pele e/ou tecido subjacente, geralmente sobre uma proeminência óssea, que pode ser causada por pressões não aliviadas, forças de cisalhamento, umidade e fricção, e pode apresentar-se em pele íntegra ou como úlcera aberta. Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) apresentam pacientes com características diferentes e essas condições requerem mecanismos de suporte à vida, como o uso de sedação contínua, drogas vasoativas, ventilação mecânica, monitorização e diversos tipos de dispositivos. O presente estudo objetiva identificar na literatura científica trabalhos acerca da ocorrência frequente da lesão por pressão em pacientes internados em leito de unidade de terapia intensiva. Este trabalho consiste em uma revisão integrativa da literatura com abordagem qualitativa, de caráter descritivo e exploratório. Através do levantamento na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), após aplicar os filtros, obteve-se um total de 92 trabalhos, 82 foram eliminados e 10 compuseram a amostra. É de suma importância a melhoria e implementação das ações educativas e estratégias que objetivem a prevenção das Lesões por Pressão recorrentes nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, visto que as LPP são evitáveis e consideradas um dos principais indicativos da qualidade da assistência. No entanto, tais ações ainda precisam de melhorias ou ainda serem implementadas de forma satisfatória, seguindo protocolos de prevenção. As LPP são causadas por diversos fatores relacionados ao caso clínico do paciente, assim como fatores relacionados aos profissionais e dispositivos médicos utilizados nas UTI.
Exploring promotion practices, impact on public servants’ commitment, efficiency, responsiveness, and goal attainment in Nigeria
Authors: Uchechukwu Sampson OGAH  , Tina Martha AKINBO
Published: December 2024

This paper explored the influence of promotion practices on the commitment, efficiency, responsiveness, and goal attainment of public servants in Nigeria. Public sector organizations are vital for national governance and development, particularly in countries like Nigeria. The performance of public servants, who play a crucial role in policy implementation and service delivery, is significantly influenced by their perceptions of fairness and transparency in promotion practices. Despite the importance of these employees, they encounter challenges such as political interference, nepotism, and bureaucratic inefficiencies, which complicate promotion decisions. These issues can undermine employee motivation and overall organizational performance. This study draws on the Expectancy Theory of Motivation to investigate how various promotion practices, whether merit-based, seniority-based, or influenced by other factors, shape public servants' perceptions of reward expectancy and, subsequently, their work behaviors. The study is a cross-sectional survey. The research indicates that when promotions are viewed as merit-based, public servants exhibit higher levels of commitment, efficiency, responsiveness, and achievement of goals. In contrast, promotion systems perceived as politically biased or lacking transparency correlate with lower morale and diminished organizational outcomes. Using a survey of 1,216 Nigerian public servants, the study identifies significant demographic trends that influence employee perceptions and performance outcomes. The findings demonstrate strong correlations between transparent, meritocratic promotions and positive employee behaviors, including heightened job satisfaction, efficient task execution, and proactive goal pursuit. Conversely, opaque and politicized promotion practices result in disengagement, reduced efficiency, and poor alignment with organizational goals.Thus, it is imperative to strategically align professional development with promotion criteria. Policy reforms are essential to remove political influences from the promotion process. Advocating for changes that minimize bias and prioritize merit over political affiliation will foster a more equitable and objective system, ultimately benefiting both public servants and the communities they serve in Nigeria.
Emotional reactions of hospitalized children due to COVID-19
Authors: Gjeorgjina Kuli- Lito  , Alberta Shkembi  , Elda Skenderi
Published: December 2024

Aim: The aim of this study is to explore the manifestation of anxiety symptoms in children who have experienced COVID-19. It examines psychological effects, their emotional responses to distress, and the coping mechanisms they employ to manage their illness.
Methodology: Participants included 50 children aged 6-14, hospitalized in the "General Pediatrics" and "Infectious Pediatrics" departments at the University Hospital Center Tirana (QSUT). The "State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC)" was used to assess self-reported anxiety.
The children's way of life changed significantly due to social isolation and fears of losing their own lives or those of family members. These fears affected their daily functioning. While anxiety is a natural adaptive response, it becomes a disorder when uncontrollable, frequent, and occurs without external stimuli, manifesting in physical and emotional symptoms, and leading to behavioral and cognitive changes.
Conclusions: Children aged 10-14 reported higher levels of anxiety. Variables such as illness severity and age influenced results. Common symptoms included:
· Need for reassurance
· Irritability
· Physical complaints (functional)
· Difficulty concentrating
· Feelings of tension and fear
· Negative thoughts about the future
Children aged 6-10 expressed their anxiety through symptoms such as fear of being alone, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and changes in eating habits.
Monipaikkaiset asukkaat aktiivisina aluekehittäjätoimijoina
Authors: Rantanen Manu
Published: December 2024

Monipaikkaisuus on lisääntynyt pitkään vapaa-ajanasukasvaltaisella maaseudulla ja samalla vahvistanut sen taloutta ja työllisyyttä. Aluekehitys on seurausta sekä rakenteellisista tekijöistä, kuten alueen fyysisistä resursseista, että aluekehitystoimijuudesta. Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli lisätä ymmärrystä aluekehitystä tukevissa rooleissa aktiivisesti toimivien monipaikkaisten asukkaiden toimijuuksista sekä niitä edesauttavista rakenteellisista tekijöistä. Sovelsin tähän ideaalityyppianalyysiä. Muotoilin monipaikkaiset ideaali-aluekehittäjätyypit monipaikkaista toimijuutta käsittelevän kirjallisuuden perusteella, ja tunnistin aluekehittäjätoimijatyypit aktiivisten monipaikkaisten asukkaiden haastatteluaineistosta. Kirjallisuuden pohjalta muotoilemani ideaalityypit olivat: innovatiivinen monipaikkainen yrittäjä, verkostojen yhdistäjä sekä sisä-ulkopuolinen mentori. Haastatteluaineiston perusteella muodostamani toimijatyypit olivat: monipaikkainen yrittäjä, paikkakuntaa sympatisoiva asiantuntija, edunvalvoja ja kutsumustietoinen kansalaisaktivisti. Analysoin monipaikkaiseen aluekehittäjätoimijuuteen vaikuttavia keskeisiä tekijöitä vertailemalla ideaalityyppejä toimijatyyppeihin. Analyysin perusteella paikkasuhde ja suhde paikallisyhteisöön ovat keskeisiä monipaikkaista aluekehittäjätoimijuutta mahdollistavia ja selittäviä tekijöitä. Tunnistin monipaikkaisen yrittäjän ja kutsumustietoisen kansalaisaktivistin toimijatyypeiksi, jotka tulisi huomioida aluekehitystä koskevissa keskusteluissa nykyistä paremmin. Monipaikkaisten asukkaiden aktiivisen aluekehittäjätoimijuuden tarkastelu ideaalityyppianalyysilla avaa yksipaikkaisuuteen perustuvia tarkasteluja laajemman näkökulman maaseutu- ja kaupunkialueita yhdistäviin sosiaalisiin suhteisiin ja aluekehitystä tukeviin käytäntöihin.
Comparison of Accuracy between Random Forest Method and K-Nearest Neighbors Method for Recognizing Solar Panel Energy Conversion Temperature
Authors: Satria Habib , Rosnelly Rika , Wanayumini Wanayumini
Published: December 2024

This study analyzes the classification of temperature image pattern recognition on solar panels to improve the accuracy of energy conversion performance affected by weather changes. The process begins by capturing the surface temperature image of the panel as primary data, which is then processed through the pattern recognition stage. The pattern recognition method is chosen to detect and understand patterns in temperature images that will be used as datasets. This study also compares the results of pattern recognition using the Random Forest classification method with the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) method, in order to build an effective model in analyzing images based on weather temperature in Medan City. The results of the study obtained that the solar panel produced a maximum output of 15.74 Wp at 12:00 pm, when the temperature tends to be higher and sunlight is optimal. Then the results of the random forest method showed good performance with an accuracy of 84% and the K-Nearest Neighbors method had an accuracy of 78%.
Антипролиферативная активность нанопористых кремнийсодержащих частиц как носителей микроРНК34а в отношении культур опухолевых клеток
Authors: Акопджанов Артур Г. , Павлик Т. И. , Бортникова С. А. , Белогорлов А. А. , Шимановский Н. Л.
Published: December 2024

Исследована возможность использования кремнийсодержащих пористых частиц в качестве носителя терапевтической молекулы микроРНК34а для повышения ее противоопухолевой активности. Методом жидкостной порометрии было показано, что коммерчески доступные наночастицы кремния Fluka 60 способны длительно удерживать молекулу микроРНК34а в пространстве пор, а также обеспечить высокую степень загрузки и сохранности микроРНК. Выявлено подавление пролиферативной активности культур опухолевых клеток Hela, инкубированных с микроРНК34а, загруженных в Fluka 60 на 35 – 25 %. Свободная микроРНК34а на пролиферацию этих клеток не влияла. Сделан вывод о перспективности использования Fluka 60 в качестве носителя для молекул микроРНК.
Идентификация йодированных этиловых эфиров жирных кислот макового масла путем масс-спектрометрического анализа: разработка и оптимизация метода
Authors: Курпединов Кирилл Сергеевич , Лукашкин Н. А. , Аксенов А. Н. , Акчурин И. О. , Панов А. В.
Published: December 2024

В статье сообщается о разработке метода идентификации этиловых эфиров основных жирных кислот макового масла (этилпальмитат, этиллиноат, этилолеат, этилленоленат), а также их йодированных продуктов (йодэтилолеат и йодэтиллиноат) с применением метода высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии/тандемной масс-спектрометрии (ВЭЖХ-МС/МС) в режимах положительной ионизации электрораспылением (ESI) и мониторинга множественных реакций (MRM). Данный аналитический метод идентификации этиловых эфиров жирных кислот и их йодированных производных обладает высокой значимостью для фармации, представляя собой ключевой инструмент для контроля подлинности препаратов на их основе и разработки методов количественного анализа всех входящих в состав компонентов. В перспективе данный метод может обеспечить контроль в процессе разработки новых лекарственных форм лекарственных средств на основе йодированных этиловых эфиров жирных кислот с улучшенными свойствами и минимальным риском побочных эффектов.
Влияние натриевых и серебряных солей пирролопиразолов на реакции врожденного иммунитета in vivo
Authors: Гейн Сергей Владимирович , Бобровская Ольга Васильевна , Макаров Евгений Александрович , Гейн Владимир Леонидович
Published: December 2024

В работе исследовали 7 соединений: 3 натриевые соли пирроло[3,4-c]пиразол-3-онов (Iа-в) и 4 серебряные соли пирроло[3,4-c]пиразол-3-онов (IIа-г). Установлено, что соединение Ia усиливало спонтанную и стимулированную продукцию активных форм кислорода перитонеальными лейкоцитами, также активирующее действие на стимулированную реакцию люминолзависимой хемилюминесценции (ЛЗХЛ) оказывало соединение Iв. Оценка влияния натриевых солей пирролопиразолов на поглотительную активность показала стимулирующее влияние Ia на процент фагоцитоза перитонеальных лейкоцитов. Противоположное по направленности влияние на динамику кислородного взрыва и фагоцитарную активность оказывали серебряные соли пирролопиразолов. Установлено, что соединение IIг выраженно угнетало как спонтанную, так и стимулированную продукцию кислородных радикалов. Помимо этого, угнетающий, но менее выраженный эффект на стимулированную ЛЗХЛ оказывали соединения IIа и IIв. Соединение IIг статистически значимо снижало процент фагоцитоза перитонеальных фагоцитов.
CONCEPTUAL ASPECTS OF STRATEGIC HR MANAGEMENT OF AN ENTERPRISE IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION
Authors: KRYVORUCHKO O. , FEMIAK O.
Published: December 2024

Strategic HR management is critical to an organisation's success, as it ensures that it is relevant and timely in responding to changes in the external and internal environment. This approach also focuses the efforts of managers on more effective recruitment and development of personnel. However, traditional methods of strategic HR management do not meet modern busi­ness requirements. Digitalisation is becoming a necessity at all levels of management. The rapid development of digital technologies opens up new opportunities for transforming this process. Solving the tasks of strategic HR management in the light of digitalisation is extremely relevant.
This article analyses the concepts used to characterise strategic management activities. The author proposes to define strategic human resources management as a complex dynamic integration process for the formation, effective use and development of human resources, based on a holistic view of the enterprise's purpose, overall strategy and ensuring adaptation to changes in the internal and external environment. Some areas of strategic HR management may include strategic management of development, motivation, marketing, etc. Formation of human resources management strategies is the process of developing a system of plans, measures and decisions aimed at efficient use of human resources in an organisation in order to achieve its strategic goals.
A model of strategic HR management of enterprise has been developed, based on the implementation of the stages of strategic analysis, planning, organisation and control. The content of the stages is substantiated and the sequence of their implementation is determined.
The efficiency and integration of the strategic HR management process is ensured by the introduction of digital technologies: LinkedIn, electronic HRIS, e-learning LMS, smart office management, artificial intelligence.
The introduction of digital technologies in strategic HR management will allow enter­prises to gain additional competitive advantages by increasing efficiency, objectivity, and indivi­dualisation of work with people.
MODEL OF INCLUSIVE CORPORATE CULTURE BASED ON THE INTERACTION OF CULTURAL FIELDS OF ENTERPRISE PERSONNEL
Authors: FEDOTOVA I. , KHOLODKOV Ye. , RIZNYK I.
Published: December 2024

In today’s business environment, inclusiveness within corporate culture has become a critical element for ensuring organizational effectiveness, enhancing competitiveness, and adapting to a dynamic environment. The relevance of this topic arises from the need to integrate inclusive practices into the strategic management of enterprises, which not only provides ethical benefits but also economic advantages. With the increasing diversity of the workforce, it is crucial to understand how the cultural fields of personnel at different levels interact to create an inclusive environment.
This study presents a detailed analysis of various typologies and models of corporate culture, highlighting significant discrepancies in defining the elements and factors that influence inclusiveness. The audit of existing practices revealed that many models fail to account for the complexity and dynamics of interaction between individual employee characteristics, collective dynamics, and management strategies. As a result, organizational practices often lack adequate adaptation to the needs of diverse employee groups.
The objective of this research is to develop a model for forming an inclusive corporate culture that integrates different cultural fields at three levels: individual, collective, and organizational. The improved three-level model incorporates a personalized approach that allows the adaptation of inclusive practices to the unique characteristics of each organization. At the individual level, the model emphasizes the importance of considering employees' personal attributes, which influence their perception of diversity. The collective level focuses on communication and leadership’s commitment to inclusive values, creating a supportive environment. The organizational level targets the development of management strategies that enhance cultural diversity.
The study’s findings confirm the need for further research on inclusiveness in corporate governance. The results of this work may be useful for managers, HR specialists, researchers, and students interested in implementing inclusive practices in their activities. The proposed model enables organizations to understand and optimize the complex interactions between various cultural factors, positively impacting overall management effectiveness and enterprise development.
Effect of Bengkuang (Pachyrhizus erosus) Ethanol Extract on Estrogen Levels and ERβ Expression in Rattus norvegicus Hypoestrogen Model with DMPA
Authors: Mayasari Putri Ardela  , Meirna Eka Fitriasnani  , Putri Erika Kulistiyani
Published: December 2024

Depo-medroxy progesterone Acetate (DMPA) is one type of contraception that is widely used. The effect of DMPA suppresses estrogen production. To reduce the hypoestrogen effect, natural ingredients in the form of phytoestrogens can be used. Bengkuang (Pachyrhizus erosus) is known as a source of phytoestrogens. This study aims to determine the effect of giving ethanol extract of bengkuang on estrogen levels and ERβ expression in a hypoestrogenic rats model with DMPA. This experimental study used 25 rats divided into five groups, consisting of one negative control group without DMPA and bengkuang extract and four treatment groups given DMPA at a dose of 2.7 mg. Three treatment groups were given jicama extract at different doses for 14 days. The study's results using the one-way ANOVA test showed a significant difference (p <0.05) that bengkuang extract showed changes in estrogen levels and ERβ expression in hypoestrogen model rats.
MORTALIDADE POR SUICIDIO EM UMA CIDADE DO SUL DO BRASIL ENTRE 2018 E 2022
Authors: Evangelista Fernanda Ferreira , Grilo da Silva Milena , Da Silva Kauã Matheus , Costa-Ferreira Willian , Nunes de Lima Daniel Augusto , Ferreira Evangelista Giovana
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico dos casos de mortalidade por suicídio em Maringá, Paraná. Método: Estudo descritivo e retrospectivo, de abordagem quantitativa, com dados epidemiológicos referentes a mortalidade por suicídio na população da cidade de Maringá, Paraná, entre janeiro de 2018 a dezembro de 2022. Foram utilizadas informações coletadas do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde, entre janeiro e fevereiro de 2024. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva absoluta e relativa. Resultados: Foram registrados 113 casos de suicídio, sendo 101 conforme a CID-10. A principal causa foi enforcamento, estrangulamento e sufocação (82,18%), predominantemente entre homens (77,23%), solteiros (46,53%), de 49-59 anos, brancos (80,20%), com 8-11 anos de estudos (56,44%), ocorrendo principalmente em residências ou hospitais. Os anos com mais notificações foram 2018, 2019 e 2020. Conclusão: O índice de suicídio foi mais alto entre homens, sendo menor em pessoas mais escolarizadas. A maioria dos casos ocorreu em residências e hospitais, sugerindo uma tendência entre os profissionais de saúde. Além disso, em 2020, a pandemia da COVID-19 pode ter contribuído para o aumento dos casos, devido ao isolamento social e ao estresse dos profissionais de saúde. A assistência de enfermagem é crucial, especialmente para os familiares desamparados. Medidas preventivas e políticas públicas devem ser fortalecidas para reduzir o número de casos e proporcionar cuidados mais humanizados.
Fauna and abundance of ticks of the superfamily Ixodoidea in Central Tajikistan
Authors: Iskandarov E. H. , Sahimov M. R.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the research is to determine the species composition and abundance of ixodid and argasid ticks in Central Tajikistan.Materials and methods. The work was carried out during 2017–2022 at the Institute of Biological Safety and Biotechnology Problems of the Tajik Academy of Agricultural Sciences and livestock farms in Central Tajikistan. Ticks were collected mainly from cattle, sheep, goats, horses, donkeys, dogs, cats and wild animals. In addition, livestock yards, walking areas, parking areas and daytime rest areas of animals were examined for tick infeсtion.Results and discussion. During the study period, 3,348 domestic and 183 wild animals were examined. A total of 6,810 tick specimens were collected, which belong to 15 species of the superfamily Ixodoidea: Rhipicephalus turanicus B. Pom., 1940, Rh. bursa Can. et Franz., 1877, Hyalomma anatolicum Koch, 1844, H. asiaticum P. Sch. et E. Schl., 1929, H. detritum P. Sch., 1919, H. plumbeum Panz., 1795 (H. marginatum Koch, 1844), H. scupense P. Sch., 1918, H. dromedarii Koch, 1844, H. aegyptum L., 1758, Haemaphysalis punctata Can. et Fanz, 1877, Haem. sulcata Can. et Fanz, 1877, Dermacentor marginatus Sulz., 1776, D. pictus Herm., 1804 (D. reticulatus Fabricius, 1794), Ixodes redikorzevi B. Pom., 1950, Alveonasus lahorensis Neum., 1908 (Ornithodoros lahorensis Neumann, 1908, A. canestrinii Canestrini, 1890). The predominant tick species are H. anatolicum – 2563 specimens (37.6%), H. detritum – 1739 specimens (25.5%) and H. asiaticum – 1496 specimens (22.0%). These tick species are of great epizootological and epidemiological significance. They are carriers of many protozoan and infectious diseases of animals and humans. In smaller quantities, ticks Hyalomma plumbeum (H. marginatum), H. scupense, H. dromedarii, H. aegyptum, Haemaphysalis punctata, Haem. sulcata, Rhipicephalus bursa, Dermacentor рictus (D. reticulatus), D. marginatus were found. Their numbers range from 0.3 to 1.3%.
Hate crimes and identity of young Muslims in Europe
Authors: Abdelgadir Aala , Fouka Vasiliki
Published: December 2024

Anti-Muslim hostility has proliferated in Western countries in recent years. We examine the impact of this development on the attitudes of young Muslims in the UK and Germany. We combine measures of hate crimes and Islamophobia in the media with a survey of children of immigrants to study how group targeting impacts national identification, expressions of religiosity and attitudes on the process of immigrant integration. We find that exposure to anti-Muslim hostility does not lead to disengagement from majority society, but instead increases expressions of belonging and distancing from the religious ingroup. Our findings suggest that group targeting informs Muslims of their own likelihood of individual-level victimization. Heightened expressions of majority identity may then be a strategy for avoiding future discrimination by disassociating from the stigmatized group.
A Comprehensive Guide to Explainable AI: From Classical Models to LLMs
Authors: Song Xinyuan , HSIEH WEI-CHE , Bi Ziqian , Jiang Chuanqi , Liu Junyu , Peng Benji , Zhang Sen , Pan Xuanhe , Xu Jiawei , Wang Jinlang , Chen Keyu , Feng Pohsun , Wen Yizhu , Wang Tianyang , Yang Junjie , Li Ming , Jing Bowen , Ren Jintao , Song Junhao , Tseng Hong-ming , Zhang Yichao , Yan Lawrence K.Q. , Niu Qian , Chen Silin , Wang Yunze , Liang Chia Xin , Liu Ming , Yuan Zichen
Published: December 2024

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) addresses the growing need for transparency and interpretability in AI systems, enabling trust and accountability in decision-making processes. This book offers a comprehensive guide to XAI, bridging foundational concepts with advanced methodologies. It explores interpretability in traditional models such as Decision Trees, Linear Regression, and Support Vector Machines, alongside the challenges of explaining deep learning architectures like CNNs, RNNs, and Large Language Models (LLMs), including BERT, GPT, and T5. The book presents practical techniques such as SHAP, LIME, Grad-CAM, counterfactual explanations, and causal inference, supported by Python code examples for real-world applications.Case studies illustrate XAI's role in healthcare, finance, and policymaking, demonstrating its impact on fairness and decision support. The book also covers evaluation metrics for explanation quality, an overview of cutting-edge XAI tools and frameworks, and emerging research directions, such as interpretability in federated learning and ethical AI considerations. Designed for a broad audience, this resource equips readers with the theoretical insights and practical skills needed to master XAI. Hands-on examples and additional resources are available at the companion GitHub repository: https://github.com/Echoslayer/XAI_From_Classical_Models_to_LLMs.
A Controlled Trial of a Virtual Reality Experience to support wellbeing in Healthcare Students
Authors: O'Brien Aileen , Smith Jared , Mantovani Nadia , White Sarah , Riches Simon , Bell Darren , Abbott Michael , Collisson Alexandra , Edginton Trudi
Published: December 2024

University students' mental health is a growing concern, with increasing rates of distress, particularly among healthcare students. Virtual Reality (VR) shows promise in promoting relaxation and reducing stress in young people. This randomised controlled trial evaluated a novel VR intervention for healthcare students' wellbeing.131 healthcare students at St George's, University of London were randomised to either VR (n=67) or video control (n=64) groups. The intervention consisted of five daily sessions of clinically-informed hypnotherapy-based experiences. Outcomes included perceived stress (PSS), wellbeing (WEMWBS), depression (PHQ-2), and momentary affective states. Assessments occurred at baseline, post-session, and at two-week follow-up.VR participants showed significantly greater improvements in post-session mood states compared to the video group. At two-week follow-up, the VR group demonstrated significant reductions in perceived stress (within-group effect size g=0.57) compared to video controls (g=0.21). VR participants reported significantly higher immersion levels and intervention satisfaction. No significant between-group differences were found for wellbeing or depression measures. Qualitative data indicated stronger therapeutic benefits in the VR group, with 42/47 VR participants reporting positive effects compared to 17/50 in the video group.The VR intervention effectively reduced stress levels in healthcare students, with effects sustained at two-week follow-up. The immersive nature of VR appeared to enhance therapeutic benefits compared to non-immersive delivery. This suggests VR could be a valuable tool for supporting student wellbeing in higher education settings.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis with Word Embeddings: Measurement Models for Textual Big Data
Authors: Pokropek Artur
Published: December 2024

The digital revolution has exponentially increased the availability of unstructured text data, including social media content, online forums, blogs, e-commerce reviews, news articles, and digitized publications. This wealth of textual data offers social scientists a unique opportunity to study human beliefs, values, attitudes, and interactions. However, this emerging field lacks standardized methods for managing its methodological and statistical challenges. To this end, this work introduces a statistical approach that provides tools to implement an informed measurement process on unstructured textual data. The proposed approach is grounded in the longstanding tradition of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), now enhanced by the integration of word embeddings. This machine-learning technique represents words in a continuous vector space based on their semantic relationships. By merging classical CFA with machine learning models, the approach opens up new possibilities for applying tools developed by the CFA community for researchers interested in big textual datasets.
Morningness-Eveningness Scale for Children: are reference intervals for adolescents advisable?
Authors: Santana Jeanny , Pompeia Sabine , Santos Jefferson Souza , Louzada Fernando Mazzilli
Published: December 2024

As they age, adolescents tend to prefer sleeping and waking later due to biological maturation, social and environmental factors. Higher eveningness preferences relate to risks of developing physical and mental ill-health and/or academic underachievement. To identify individuals who are more vulnerable to these negative outcomes, prior studies have mostly established percentile cutoffs scores in questionnaires of moningness-eveningness (M-E) preferences, a method that is inefficient and leads to biased estimates, and/or used linear methods, which do not consider that M-E can fit other types of distribution. We reanalyzed cross-sectional data of 1815 10-18-year-old Brazilians who filled in the most popular circadian preference scale, the M-E Scale for Children (MESC). Age/sex differences in MESC scores were analyzed using correlations, general linear models and 44 different curve fittings based on fractional polynomials and exponential data transformation. We found a very slight correlation and general linear increase in eveningness with age, but none of the 44 tested curve fit patterns reliably explained score changes across development, which were highly variable at all ages. We conclude that MESC age reference scores are of little practical value. We discuss conditions which must be combined with MESC scores to identify adolescents at risk of circadian-related problem.
Are We All Musicians Now? Authenticity, Musicianship, and AI Music Generator Suno
Authors: Tan Selim
Published: December 2024

This paper analyzes the music’s authenticity and the musicianship behind Suno, an artificial intelligence (AI) music generator. The developers launched Suno’s initial release on December 20, 2023, and the latest version, v4, on November 19, 2024. Behind this digital platform are AI experts and musicians based in Cambridge, MA. Suno does not participate in conventional composing, songwriting, performing, or recording practices. Instead, it generates music based on user prompts in a text/audio/image/video-to-music interface. Suno aims to democratize music production by enabling anyone to become a “musician.” However, the absence of a conventional “real” artist or author (auteur) responsible for these music productions raises questions about how various agents will perceive the music’s authenticity. Through observations and conceptual reflections, this paper explores the possibilities of authenticating Suno’s productions, their implications for music scenes, and the potentially changing nature of musicianship. Finally, this paper argues that AI-based music can achieve authenticity without conventional musicianship, allowing for the emergence of a new, albeit contested, form of musicianship.
Schulleitungen und Gesundheit. Überblick über Perspektiven, Befunde und Ansätze für die schulische Gesundheitsförderung
Authors: Dadaczynski Kevin
Published: December 2024

Trotz fortschreitender Entwicklungen der schulischen Gesundheitsförderung sind Schulleitungen bislang nur selten Gegenstand von Forschung und Praxis. Daher zielt dieser Beitrag darauf ab, einen Überblick über die aktuelle Befundlage (1) zur Belastungs- und Gesundheitssituation von Schulleitungen, (2) zum Zusammenhang von Führung und Gesundheit von Lehrkräften sowie (3) zur Rolle der Schulleitung in der Umsetzung von Maßnahmen der schulischen Gesundheitsförderung zu geben.
Optimizing acromioclavicular joint management: A case series on minimally invasive TightRope with double endobutton fixation
Authors: Bharath Vadivel Kumar  , Prem Kumar Kothimbakkam  , Vijayashankar Murugesan
Published: December 2024

Acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation constitutes 40% of shoulder injuries, impacting patients across diverse activities. The Rockwood Staging System guides assessment, prompting exploration of the novel TightRope with double endobutton fixation technique to restore AC joint function. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of the TightRope with double endobutton fixation technique in 20 cases of AC joint dislocation, emphasizing its potential advantages over conventional methods. A case series involving 20 AC joint dislocation cases underwent comprehensive evaluation, including follow-ups and radiological assessments. Surgical interventions were performed using the TightRope with double endobutton fixation technique. The average age was 44.5 years, with a notable prevalence of severe dislocations (Classes V and VI). Surgical interventions demonstrated efficiency, with a brief hospital stay. The innovative technique yielded excellent outcomes, with 90% achieving high Constant–Murley scores. TightRope with double endobutton fixation emerges as a promising, minimally invasive strategy for AC joint dislocation, exhibiting potential in minimizing post-operative complications and expediting recovery. The study advocates for individualized interventions and emphasizes the need for further exploration of long-term implications.
Coronary artery atherosclerosis in reproductive age group women-an autopsy study
Authors: Chaithra R Jadhav  , Fremingston Marak  , Bharathi Pradeep
Published: December 2024

Background: Atherosclerosis is the most common coronary artery disease (CAD). It leads to the blocking of arteries and myocardial infarction (MI). Many studies are focused on men. The aim of this study is to look at the prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis, its severity, and arteries involved in postmortem hearts in reproductive age group women.
Aims and Objectives: The objectives are (1) to estimate the occurrence of coronary atherosclerosis in reproductive age group women of 15–50 years. (2) To grade the atherosclerosis and stenosis. (3) To determine the cardiac changes associated. (4) To note the most common artery involved. 
Materials and Methods: This study was autopsy-based retrospective study done for period of 3 years. From the autopsy forms, details such as age, gender, cause of death, and gross findings were noted. The sections from the left coronary artery (LCA), right coronary artery, left anterior descending (LAD), and circumflex artery (LCA) were reviewed microscopically to note the atherosclerotic grade and percentage of stenosis. Myocardium was reviewed for associated cardiac changes. Range, frequencies, percentage, and P-value were calculated. P<0.05 was taken statistically significant.
Results: Eighty-seven cases belonging to the reproductive age group of 15–50 years were categorized into 4 age groups. Type V American Heart Association atherosclerosis grade was seen more in women between 35 and 50 years. LAD was the most common artery to be involved. Eight cases showed acute MI.
Conclusions: Women of reproductive age group should be screened from 3rd decade onwards for CAD.
Asian flushing, ADH1B, aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 genotypic status among the unique ethnic population of the Himalayan state of Sikkim, India
Authors: Bhutia Yazum , Dutta Sanjiba , Sherpa Mingma Lhamu
Published: December 2024

Background: Alcohol induced flushing a phenotypic instrument variable also known as “Asian flush” was first reported by Wolff (1972), commonly seen among East Asians. This phenotype is indicative of inactive aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and high activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1B).
Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to examine the sensitivity and specificity of the simple flushing questionnaire for identifying inactive ALDH2 and to examine the flushing, ADH1B and ALDH2 status across the three unique ethnic groups in Sikkim, India.
Materials and Methods: Two hundred and fifty consenting adults (age, ≥18 years) visiting the referral hospitals in East Sikkim were enrolled. Flushing questionnaire was assessed among the 201 alcohol users, who were categorized as “non-flusher,” “current flusher,” and “former flusher.” ALDH2 and ADH1B genotyping were done on the all 250 subjects by polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism blinded from flushing response status.
Results: In the study, 201 were alcohol users and 49 were non-alcohol users. The sensitivity and specificity of the flushing questionnaire against inactive ALDH2 genotypes were 84.6% and 93%, and the positive predictive value was 45.8%. 19.5% Bhutia/Sherpa, 8.3% Nepalese and 11.1% Lepcha reported current flushing. Only two Bhutia reported former flushing while remaining were “non-flushers.” ALDH2 (6%) and ADH1B (4.4%) genotypes, respectively, were seen with allele frequency of 0.06 for ALDH2*1/2*2, and 0.004 for ADH1B*2/*2, 0.044 for ADH1B*1/*2. ALDH2*2/*2 were not observed in this study.
Conclusion: Alcohol induced flushing, ALDH2 and ADH1B genotype is reported across the ethnicity, among Sikkimese people, and this flushing is the first report from India.
Spectrum of cutaneous manifestations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Roby Bose  , Sunil Kumar
Published: December 2024

Background: Skin disorders, usually neglected and frequently under diagnosed among diabetic patients. These are common complications and encounter a broad spectrum of disorders in diabetes.
Aims and Objectives: Present study, aimed to evaluate various cutaneous manifestations among type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients.
Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted at Dermatology, Diabetic Clinic of tertiary care centre hospital. After approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee and consent from study subjects, 240 subjects were included. All subjects underwent clinical examination-special emphasis on cutaneous manifestations. Blood samples were collected and used for the estimation of blood glucose, liver function tests and renal function tests, complete blood count, bacterial infections-Gram stain and culture, fungal infections-KOH (potassium hydroxide) mount, Gram stain (for Candida), and culture.
Results: Out of 200, 140 (58.4%) were males and 100 (41.6%) were females. The majority of the patients were 5th, 6thand 7th decades. Acrochordons 22 (9.1%) and candidal balanoposthitis 21 (8.7%) were predominantly observed. Fungal, bacterial, and non-infective were 90 (37.5%), 54 (22.5%), and 112 (46.6%), respectively. On bacterial culture, Pyogenic ulcer was observed in 8, furunculosis in 6, etc. KOH mount positive in 22 patients and culture positive was seen in 16 patients. In non-infective dermatoses, Acrochordons were observed in 24 patients. The majority of the patients were on oral hypoglycemic agents.
Conclusion: This study’s results showed demographic, social factors, and the prevalence of various dermatological manifestations in type 2 DM patients.