bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uncertainty Quantification of a Machine Learning Model for Identification of Isolated Nonlinearities With Conformal Prediction
Authors: Najera-Flores David A. , Jacobs Justin , Dane Quinn D. , Garland Anthony , Todd Michael D.
Published: February 2024

Structural nonlinearities are often spatially localized, such joints and interfaces, localized damage, or isolated connections, in an otherwise linearly behaving system. Quinn and Brink (2021, “Global System Reduction Order Modeling for Localized Feature Inclusion,” ASME J. Vib. Acoust., 143(4), p. 041006.) modeled this localized nonlinearity as a deviatoric force component. In other previous work (Najera-Flores, D. A., Quinn, D. D., Garland, A., Vlachas, K., Chatzi, E., and Todd, M. D., 2023, “A Structure-Preserving Machine Learning Framework for Accurate Prediction of Structural Dynamics for Systems With Isolated Nonlinearities,”), the authors proposed a physics-informed machine learning framework to determine the deviatoric force from measurements obtained only at the boundary of the nonlinear region, assuming a noise-free environment. However, in real experimental applications, the data are expected to contain noise from a variety of sources. In this work, we explore the sensitivity of the trained network by comparing the network responses when trained on deterministic (“noise-free”) model data and model data with additive noise (“noisy”). As the neural network does not yield a closed-form transformation from the input distribution to the response distribution, we leverage the use of conformal sets to build an illustration of sensitivity. Through the conformal set assumption of exchangeability, we may build a distribution-free prediction interval for both network responses of the clean and noisy training sets. This work will explore the application of conformal sets for uncertainty quantification of a deterministic structure-preserving neural network and its deployment in a structural health monitoring framework to detect deviations from a baseline state based on noisy measurements.
Process Optimization of Robotic Grinding to Guarantee Material Removal Accuracy and Surface Quality Simultaneously
Authors: Li Dingwei , Yang Jixiang , Ding Han
Published: February 2024

Simultaneously guaranteeing material removal accuracy and surface quality of robotic grinding is crucial. However, existing studies of robotic grinding process optimization have mainly focused on a single indicator that solely considers contour error or surface roughness, while studies that simultaneously investigate the impact of contact force, spindle speed, feed rate, inclination angle, and path space on the material removal profile (MRP) and the surface roughness are lacking. This paper proposes a hybrid optimization method that considers dimensional accuracy and surface quality constraints. First, an MRP model that considers the coupling influence of the contact force, spindle speed, feed rate, and inclination angle is presented. Then, a surface roughness model that considers the inclination angle is established. Finally, the contact force, feed rate, inclination angle, and path space are simultaneously optimized to satisfy the hybrid constraints of MRP accuracy and surface roughness. The proposed method ensures maximum grinding efficiency while satisfying dimensional accuracy and surface quality constraints. The proposed method is verified on an industrial robotics grinding system with a pneumatic force-controlled actuator. The results show that the proposed method has higher profile accuracy and lower surface roughness than traditional methods.
Distinct roles of LARP1 and 4EBP1/2 in regulating translation and stability of 5′TOP mRNAs
Authors: Hochstoeger Tobias , Papasaikas Panagiotis , Piskadlo Ewa , Chao Jeffrey A.
Published: February 2024

A central mechanism of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling is the coordinated translation of ribosomal protein and translation factor mRNAs mediated by the 5′-terminal oligopyrimidine motif (5′TOP). Recently, La-related protein 1 (LARP1) was proposed to be the specific regulator of 5′TOP mRNA translation downstream of mTORC1, while eIF4E-binding proteins (4EBP1/2) were suggested to have a general role in translational repression of all transcripts. Here, we use single-molecule translation site imaging of 5′TOP and canonical mRNAs to study the translation of single mRNAs in living cells. Our data reveal that 4EBP1/2 has a dominant role in repression of translation of both 5′TOP and canonical mRNAs during pharmacological inhibition of mTOR. In contrast, we find that LARP1 selectively protects 5′TOP mRNAs from degradation in a transcriptome-wide analysis of mRNA half-lives. Our results clarify the roles of 4EBP1/2 and LARP1 in regulating 5′TOP mRNAs and provide a framework to further study how these factors control cell growth during development and disease.
Genetic synergy between
Acinetobacter baumannii
undecaprenyl phosphate biosynthesis and the Mla system impacts cell envelope and antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Noel Hannah R. , Keerthi Sowmya , Ren Xiaomei , Winkelman Jonathan D. , Troutman Jerry M. , Palmer Lauren D.
Published: February 2024

Acinetobacter baumannii
is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that poses a major health concern due to increasing multidrug resistance. The Gram-negative cell envelope is a key barrier to antimicrobial entry and includes an inner and outer membrane. The maintenance of lipid asymmetry (Mla) system is the main homeostatic mechanism by which Gram-negative bacteria maintain outer membrane asymmetry. Loss of the Mla system in
A. baumannii
results in attenuated virulence and increased susceptibility to membrane stressors and some antibiotics. We recently reported two strain variants of the
A. baumannii
type strain ATCC 17978: 17978VU and 17978UN. Here, ∆
mlaF
mutants in the two ATCC 17978 strains display different phenotypes for membrane stress resistance, antibiotic resistance, and pathogenicity in a murine pneumonia model. Although allele differences in
obgE
were previously reported to synergize with ∆
mlaF
to affect growth and stringent response,
obgE
alleles do not affect membrane stress resistance. Instead, a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the essential gene encoding undecaprenyl pyrophosphate (Und-PP) synthase,
uppS
, results in decreased enzymatic rate and decrease in total Und-P levels in 17978UN compared to 17978VU. The UppS
UN
variant synergizes with ∆
mlaF
to reduce capsule and lipooligosaccharide (LOS) levels, increase susceptibility to membrane stress and antibiotics, and reduce persistence in a mouse lung infection. Und-P is a lipid glycan carrier required for the biosynthesis of
A. baumannii
capsule, cell wall, and glycoproteins. These findings uncover synergy between Und-P and the Mla system in maintaining the
A. baumannii
cell envelope and antibiotic resistance.

IMPORTANCE

Acinetobacter baumannii
is a critical threat to global public health due to its multidrug resistance and persistence in hospital settings. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. We report that a defective undecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthase (UppS) paired with a perturbed Mla system leads to synthetically sick cells that are more susceptible to clinically relevant antibiotics and show reduced virulence in a lung infection model. These results suggest that targeting UppS or undecaprenyl species and the Mla system may resensitize
A. baumannii
to antibiotics in combination therapies. This work uncovers a previously unknown synergistic relationship in cellular envelope homeostasis that could be leveraged for use in combination therapy against
A. baumannii
.
Interpretation of vaginal metagenomic characteristics in different types of vaginitis
Authors: Song Jiarong , Dong Xue , Lan Yue , Lu Yunwei , Liu Xu , Kang Xuena , Huang Zhonglu , Yue Bisong , Liu Yu , Ma Wenjin , Zhang Libo , Yan Haijun , He Miao , Fan Zhenxin , Guo Tao
Published: February 2024

Although vaginitis is closely related to vaginal microecology in females, the precise composition and functional potential of different types of vaginitis remain unclear. Here, metagenomic sequencing was applied to analyze the vaginal flora in patients with various forms of vaginitis, including cases with a clue cell proportion ranging from 1% to 20% (Clue1_20), bacterial vaginitis (BV), vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), and BV combined with VVC (VVC_BV). Our results identified
Prevotella
as an important biomarker between BV and Clue1_20. Moreover, a gradual decrease was observed in the relative abundance of shikimic acid metabolism associated with bacteria producing indole as well as a decline in the abundance of
Gardnerella vaginalis
in patients with BV, Clue1_20, and healthy women. Interestingly, the vaginal flora of patients in the VVC_BV group exhibited structural similarities to that of the VVC group, and its potentially functional characteristics resembled those of the BV and VVC groups. Finally,
Lactobacillus crispatus
was found in high abundance in healthy samples, greatly contributing to the stability of the vaginal environment. For the further study of
L. crispatus
, we isolated five strains of
L. crispatus
from healthy samples and evaluated their capacity to inhibit
G. vaginalis
biofilms and produce lactic acid
in vitro
to select the potential probiotic candidate for improving vaginitis in future clinical studies. Overall, we successfully identified bacterial biomarkers of different vaginitis and characterized the dynamic shifts in vaginal flora between patients with BV and healthy females. This research advances our understanding and holds great promise in enhancing clinical approaches for the treatment of vaginitis.

IMPORTANCE

Vaginitis is one of the most common gynecological diseases, mostly caused by infections of pathogens such as
Candida albicans
and
Gardnerella vaginalis
. In recent years, it has been found that the stability of the vaginal flora plays an important role in vaginitis. Furthermore, the abundant
Lactobacillus
-producing rich lactic acid in the vagina provides a healthy acidic environment such as
Lactobacillus crispatus
. The metabolites of
Lactobacillus
can inhibit the colonization of pathogens. Here, we collected the vaginal samples of patients with bacterial vaginitis (BV), vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), and BV combined with VVC to discover the differences and relationships among the different kinds of vaginitis by metagenomic sequencing. Furthermore, because of the importance of
L. crispatus
in promoting vaginal health, we isolated multiple strains from vaginal samples of healthy females and chose the most promising strain with potential probiotic benefits to provide clinical implications for treatment strategies.
Whole genome analysis of
Bacillus velezensis
160, biological control agent of corn head smut
Authors: González-León Yared , De la Vega-Camarillo Esaú , Ramírez-Vargas Rocío , Anducho-Reyes Miguel Angel , Mercado-Flores Yuridia
Published: February 2024

Corn head smut is a disease caused by the fungus
Sporisorium reilianum
. This phytosanitary problem has existed for several decades in the Mezquital Valley, an important corn-producing area in central Mexico. To combat the problem, a strain identified as
Bacillus subtilis
160 was applied in the field, where it decreased disease incidence and increased crop productivity. In this study, the sequencing and analysis of the whole genome sequence of this strain were carried out to identify its genetic determinants for the production of antimicrobials. The
B. subtilis
160 strain was found to be
Bacillus velezensis
. Its genome has a size of 4,297,348 bp, a GC content of 45.8%, and 4,174 coding sequences. Comparative analysis with the genomes of four other
B. velezensis
strains showed that they share 2,804 genes and clusters for the production of difficidin, bacillibactin, bacilysin, macrolantin, bacillaene, fengycin, butirosin A, locillomycin, and surfactin. For the latter metabolite, unlike the other strains that have only one cluster,
B. velezensis
160 has three. A cluster for synthesizing laterocidine, an antimicrobial reported only in
Brevibacillus laterosporus
, was also identified.

IMPORTANCE

In this study, we performed sequencing and analysis of the complete genome of the strain initially identified as
Bacillus subtilis
160 as part of its characterization. This bacterium has shown its ability to control corn head smut in the field, a disease caused by the basidiomycete fungus
Sporisorium reilianum
. Analyzing the complete genome sequence not only provides a more precise taxonomic identification but also sheds light on the genetic potential of this bacterium, especially regarding mechanisms that allow it to exert biological control. Employing molecular and bioinformatics tools in studying the genomes of agriculturally significant microorganisms offers insights into the development of biofungicides and bioinoculants. These innovations aim to enhance plant growth and pave the way for strategies that boost crop productivity.
Can RESPiratory hospital Admissions in children with cerebral palsy be reduced? A feasibility randomised Controlled Trial pilot study protocol (RESP-ACT)
Authors: Marpole Rachael , Blackmore A Marie , Wilson Andrew C , Cooper Monica S , Depiazzi Julie , Langdon Katherine , Moshovis Lisa , Geelhoed Elizabeth , Bowen Asha , Gibson Noula
Published: February 2024

Introduction

The most common cause of morbidity and mortality in children with severe cerebral palsy (CP) is respiratory disease. BREATHE-CP (Better REspiratory and Airway Treatment and HEalth in Cerebral Palsy) is a multidisciplinary research team who have conducted research on the risk factors associated with CP respiratory disease, a systematic review on management and a Delphi study on the development of a consensus for the prevention and management of respiratory disease in CP. These strategies have not been investigated; therefore, it is not known if implementation is feasible, if they improve patient outcomes or if they are acceptable for families.

Methods and analysis

Mixed-method feasibility pilot randomised controlled trial with economic analysis. Twenty children with CP aged 0–12 years who are at risk of respiratory disease will be followed up for 1 year. All children will receive baseline assessments for comparison. The control group will receive usual care from their treating teams. The intervention group will receive comprehensive assessments from physiotherapy, speech pathology and respiratory medicine. An individualised investigation and treatment plan will then be made. Participants in both groups will complete fortnightly patient-reported outcome surveys to assess symptoms and health service use. Analysis will include assessments of acceptability through qualitative interviews, implementation by ability to recruit, randomise and retain, practicality including costs of intervention and hospitalisation, and explore efficacy through quality-of-life surveys and decreased health service use for respiratory-related symptoms.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics and governance approvals have been obtained through Child and Adolescent Health Service Human Research Ethics Committee. At completion, this study will lead to the design of the definitive protocol to test intervention efficacy that maximises recruitment, retention and adherence to interventions.

Trial registration number

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12620000114943).
Women’s experiences of postpartum contraceptive services when elective caesarean section is the method of birth: a qualitative study
Authors: Lichtenstein Liljeblad Karin , Kopp Kallner Helena , Brynhildsen Jan , Kilander Helena
Published: February 2024

Background

The unmet need for postpartum contraception is a global challenge. Postpartum placement of an intrauterine device (IUD) within 48 hours of vaginal delivery is available in many settings worldwide, but is not routinely practised in Sweden. To improve contraceptive services and facilitate the informed choice of IUD placement at the time of a caesarean section (CS), we performed this study to identify and describe women’s experiences of contraceptive services before, during and after an elective CS.

Methods

A qualitative design and methodology was used. We interviewed 20 women aged 28–42 years who underwent elective CS in Sweden. Interviews were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results

The three main themes found were (1) receptivity to contraceptive counselling in the context of CS, (2) communication and decision-making about postpartum contraception before CS and (3) lack of support and guidance to receive contraceptive services before and after CS. The participants described readiness and interest regarding postpartum contraception. They prefered counselling from around 25 weeks of gestation. Despite this finding, antenatal communication and contraceptive decision-making seemed rare. Participants reported a lack of support and guidance which necessitated a need by women to navigate the contraceptive services themselves in order to receive information about contraception before CS and to receive postpartum support.

Conclusions

Antenatal contraceptive counselling including information about IUD placement during CS was appreciated and welcomed by women with elective CS as their birth method. Most of the women whom we interviewed would prefer to receive contraception counselling on postpartum use during the second half of their pregnancy.
Computing tools for effective field theories
Authors: Aebischer Jason , Fael Matteo , Fuentes-Martìn Javier , Thomsen Anders Eller , Virto Javier , Allwicher Lukas , Bakshi Supratim Das , Bélusca-Maïto Hermès , de Blas Jorge , Chala Mikael , Criado Juan Carlos , Dedes Athanasios , Fonseca Renato M. , Goncalves Angelica , Ilakovac Amon , König Matthias , Patra Sunando Kumar , Kühler Paul , Mador-Božinović Marija , Misiak Mikołaj , Miralles Víctor , Nałȩcz Ignacy , Reboud Méril , Reina Laura , Rosiek Janusz , Ryczkowski Michal , Santiago José , Silvestrini Luca , Stangl Peter , Stöckinger Dominik , Stoffer Peter , Vicente Avelino , Weißwange Matthias
Published: February 2024

In recent years, theoretical and phenomenological studies with effective field theories have become a trending and prolific line of research in the field of high-energy physics. In order to discuss present and future prospects concerning automated tools in this field, the SMEFT-Tools 2022 workshop was held at the University of Zurich from 14th–16th September 2022. The current document collects and summarizes the content of this workshop.
Theoretical priors and the dark energy equation of state
Authors: Ben-Dayan Ido , Kumar Utkarsh
Published: February 2024

We revisit the theoretical priors used for inferring Dark Energy (DE) parameters. Any DE model must have some form of a tracker mechanism such that it behaved as matter or radiation in the past. Otherwise, the model is fine-tuned. We construct a model-independent parametrization that takes this prior into account and allows for a relatively sudden transition between radiation/matter to DE behavior. We match the parametrization with current data, and deduce that the adiabatic and effective sound speeds of DE play an important role in inferring the cosmological parameters. We find that there is a preferred transition redshift of $$1+z\simeq 29{-}30$$

1
+
z
≃
29
-
30

, and some reduction in the Hubble and Large Scale Structure tensions.
$$(g-2)_\mu $$ and stau coannihilation: dark matter and collider analysis
Authors: Chakraborti Manimala , Heinemeyer Sven , Saha Ipsita
Published: February 2024

Slepton coannihilation is one of the most promising scenarios that can bring the predicted Dark Matter (DM) abundance in the the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) into agreement with the experimental observation. In this scenario, the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), usually assumed to be the lightest neutralino, $$\tilde{\chi }_{1}^0$$

χ
~

1

0

can serve as a Dark Matter (DM) candidate while the sleptons as the next-to-LSPs (NLSPs) lie close in mass. In our previous studies analyzing the electroweak sector of MSSM, a degeneracy between the three generations of sleptons was assumed for the sake of simplicity. In case of slepton coannihilation this directly links the smuons involved in the explanation for $$(g-2)_\mu $$

(
g
-
2
)

μ

to the coannihilating NLSPs required to explain the DM content of the universe. On the other hand, in well-motivated top-down models such degeneracy do not hold, and often the lighter stau turns out to be the NLSP at the electroweak (EW) scale, with the smuons (and selectrons) somewhat heavier. In this paper we analyze such a scenario at the EW scale assuming non-universal slepton masses where the first two generations of sleptons are taken to be mass-degenerate and heavier than the staus, enforcing stau coannihilation. We analyze the parameter space of the electroweak MSSM in the light of a variety of experimental data namely, the DM relic density and direct detection limits, LHC data and especially, the discrepancy between the experimental result for the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, $$(g-2)_\mu $$

(
g
-
2
)

μ

, and its Standard Model (SM) prediction. We find an upper limit on the lightest neutralino mass, the lighter stau mass and the mass of the tau sneutrino of about $$\sim 550 \,\, {\textrm{GeV}}$$

∼
550

GeV

. In contrast to the scenario with full degeneracy among the three families of sleptons, the upper limit on the light smuon/selectron mass moves up by $$\sim 200 \,\, {\textrm{GeV}}$$

∼
200

GeV

. We analyze the DD prospects as well as the physics potential of the HL-LHC and a future high-energy $$e^+e^-$$

e
+

e
-

collider to investigate this scenario further. We find that the combination DD experiments and $$e^+e^-$$

e
+

e
-

collider searches with center of mass energies up to $$\sqrt{s} \sim 1100 \,\, {\textrm{GeV}}$$

s

∼
1100

GeV

can fully cover this scenario.
Quark stars in massive gravity might be candidates for the mass gap objects
Authors: Sedaghat J. , Panah B. Eslam , Moradi R. , Zebarjad S. M. , Bordbar G. H.
Published: February 2024

We have investigated the structural properties of strange quark stars (SQSs) in a modified theory of gravity known as massive gravity. In order to obtain the equation of state (EOS) of strange quark matter, we have employed a modified version of the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model (MNJL) which includes a combination of NJL Lagrangian and its Fierz transformation by using weighting factors $$(1-\alpha )$$

(
1
-
α
)

and $$\alpha .$$

α
.

Additionally, we have also calculated dimensionless tidal deformability $$(\Lambda )$$

(
Λ
)

in massive gravity. To constrain the allowed values of the parameters appearing in massive gravity, we have imposed the condition $$\Lambda _{1.4 {M}_{\odot }}\lesssim 580 .$$

Λ

1.4

M
⊙

≲
580
.

Notably, in the MNJL model, the value of $$\alpha $$
α
varies between zero and one. As $$\alpha $$
α
increases, the EOS becomes stiffer, and the value of $$\Lambda $$
Λ
increases accordingly. We have demonstrated that by softening the EOS with increasing the bag constant, one can obtain objects in massive gravity that not only satisfy the constraint $$\Lambda _{1.4 {M} _{\odot }}\lesssim 580,$$

Λ

1.4

M
⊙

≲
580
,

but they also fall within the unknown mass gap region $$(2.5{M}_{\odot }-5{M}_{\odot }).$$

(
2.5

M
⊙

-
5

M
⊙

)
.

To establish that the obtained objects in this region are not black holes, we have calculated Schwarzschild radius, compactness, and $$\Lambda _{{M_{TOV}}}$$

Λ

M

TOV

in massive gravity.
Searching for a leptophilic $$Z^\prime $$ and a 3-3-1 symmetry at CLIC
Authors: Alves A. , da Silveira G. Gil , Gonçalves V. P. , Queiroz F. S. , Oviedo-Torres Y. M. , Zamora-Saa J.
Published: February 2024

We derive the discovery potential of a leptophilic $$Z^\prime $$

Z
′

, and a $$Z^\prime $$

Z
′

rising from a $$SU(3)_C \times SU(3)_L \times U(1)_N$$

S
U

(
3
)

C

×
S
U

(
3
)

L

×
U

(
1
)

N

symmetry at the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC), which is planned to host $$e^+e^-$$

e
+

e
-

collisions with 3 TeV center-of-mass energy. We perform an optimized selection cut strategy on the transverse momentum, pseudorapidity, and invariant mass of the dileptons in order to enhance the collider sensitivity. We find that CLIC can potentially reach a $$5\sigma $$

5
σ

signal of a $$1-5$$

1
-
5

 TeV leptophilic $$Z^\prime $$

Z
′

with less than 1 fb$$^{-1}$$

-
1

of integrated luminosity in the most favorable cases. As for the $$Z^\prime $$

Z
′

belonging to a 3-3-1 symmetry, CLIC will offer a complementary probe with the potential to impose $$M_{Z^\prime } > 3$$

M

Z
′

>
3

 TeV with $${\mathcal {L}}=2$$

L
=
2

fb$$^{-1}$$

-
1

.
Resonant entanglement of photon beams by a magnetic field
Authors: Breev Alexander I. , Gitman Dmitry M.
Published: February 2024

In spite of the fact that photons do not interact with an external magnetic field unless nonlinearity of QED is taken into account, the latter field may indirectly affect photons in the presence of a charged environment. This opens up an interesting possibility to continuously control the entanglement of photon beams without using any crystalline devices. We study this possibility in the framework of an adequate QED model. In an approximation it was discovered that such entanglement has a resonant nature, namely, a peak behavior at certain magnetic field strengths, depending on characteristics of photon beams direction of the magnetic field and parameters of the charged medium. Numerical calculations illustrating the above-mentioned resonant behavior of the entanglement measure and some concluding remarks are presented.
Longevity studies of CSC prototypes operating with Ar+CO$$_{2}$$ gas mixture and different fractions of CF$$_{4}$$
Authors: Barberis Emanuela , Begovic Nebojsa , Haubrich Nicholas , Ignatenko Mikhail , Korytov Andrey , Kukral Ota , Kuznetsova Ekaterina , Lanaro Armando , MacCabe Andrew , Milenovic Predrag , Milovanovic Dubravka , Mitselmakher Guenakh , Radulovic Aleksandra , Rajcic Boris , Rosenzweig Jake , Wang Bingran , Wang Jian , Wisecarver Andrew , Wood Darien , Yeager Emma
Published: February 2024

Studies of cathode strip chamber longevity, comparing Ar+CO$$_2$$

2

gas mixtures with fractions of 5%, 2%, and 0% CF$$_4$$

4

, were performed using several small cathode strip prototype chambers. In each trial, a localized source of radiation was used to irradiate up to an accumulated charge of about 300 mC/cm. Additionally, longevity of a uniformly irradiated prototype operating with 2% CF$$_4$$

4

was studied at the CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility GIF++. Post-hoc analysis of the chamber electrodes using spectroscopy techniques was also done.
ENDEAVORING THE ROLE OF OBESITY IN EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX DEGRADATION LEADING TO METASTASIS
Authors: JAIN ANI , ROY PARIMITA
Published: February 2024

One of the significant causes of death globally is cancer ( http://www.who.org/ ). Another critical problem is obesity, which is associated with an increased cancer threat. This work provides insight into how obesity contributes to cancer progression and metastasis. We developed a diffusive obesity-cancer model consisting of cancer cells, normal cells, fat cells, macrophages, and an extracellular matrix (ECM) for this aim. We have directed the formed model’s global existence and non-negativity. Equilibrium points for the related ODE are calculated, and its existence and stability study is also done. We present a traveling wave analysis of the obesity-cancer model and have calculated the minimum wave speed. Using a combination of analytic and numerical results of traveling waves, we conjecture that the minimal wave speed depends on fat cells’ diffusive rate and haptotaxis coefficient. We followed the theory of the Partial Rank Correlation Coefficient (PRCC) to carry out a global sensitivity analysis to evaluate the most sensitive parameters reliable for cancer progression. We delivered a comprehensive numerical analysis of our deterministic and diffusive models (in 1D and 2D) and analogized the result. Numerical simulation of corresponding spatially explicit systems conveys complex spatio-temporal dynamics, resulting in the appearance of patterns. It also discloses that cancer spread increases with increased haptotaxis coefficient and growth rate of obese cells. Our simulation confirms that the degradation of the ECM increases cancer spread and density.
Carbon trading price forecasting based on parameter optimization VMD and deep network CNN–LSTM model
Authors: Ling Meijun , Cao Guangxi
Published: February 2024

To meet carbon peak and neutrality targets, accurate carbon trading price forecasting is very important for enterprises making emission reduction decisions. By fusing convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory network (LSTM), the CNN–LSTM model is constructed. After variational mode decomposition (VMD), several intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) components are obtained and input into the CNN–LSTM model, thus constructing the combined sooty tern optimization algorithm (STOA)–VMD–CNN–LSTM forecasting model. To test this model, the carbon trading prices of the carbon emission trading markets of Hubei, Guangdong and Shenzhen were forecast. The prediction performance of the STOA–VMD–CNN–LSTM model is compared with ARIMA, BP, CNN and LSTM benchmark models and models combining different decomposition technologies. The international carbon trading price (EUR and CER) is used for prediction. Compared with other methods, the developed model makes fewer errors and achieves superior performance. Several important implications are provided for investors and risk managers involved in carbon financial products.
A Quaternary carbonate contourite drift system on the Eyre Terrace, Great Australian Bight: implications for the origin of prograding shelf-edge–upper slope clinoforms, southern Australian passive margin
Authors: Stoker Martyn S. , Holford Simon P. , Totterdell Jennifer M.
Published: February 2024

An appraisal of the Quaternary shelf-margin succession in the western Great Australian Bight has yielded new insights into the development of this prograding passive margin. Our analysis of seismic reflection and sedimentary data from the Eyre Terrace and adjacent outer shelf challenges the established view that this shelf-margin wedge represents a prograding carbonate ramp. Instead, we identify separate outer shelf and upper slope depositional systems: the outer shelf comprises an aggrading to prograding succession whereas the upper slope was constructed and shaped predominantly by alongslope processes driven by the major boundary currents that form the Southern Australia Current System. The latter resulted in the formation of a spectacular 500 m thick, basin-scale, elongate-mounded carbonate contourite drift (the ‘Eyre Terrace Drift’) and associated sediment waves. Sheeted drift and infill drift geometries are also observed. Key sedimentary attributes include fine-grained sediment, multi-scale gradational bed contacts and pervasive bioturbation. The upper flank of the drift provided a platform across which the prograding outermost-shelf facies progressively migrated. The resulting stratigraphic pattern of the Quaternary shelf-margin clinoforms was formed by a combination of ‘conventional’ clinoform progradation from the outer shelf and ‘contouritic clinoform’ progradation and drift accretion on the upper slope.
Reinforcement Learning Based Approaches to Adaptive Context Caching in Distributed Context Management Systems
Authors: Weerasinghe Shakthi , Zaslavsky Arkady , Loke Seng W. , Medvedev Alexey , Abken Amin , Hassani Alireza , Huang Guang-Li
Published: February 2024

Real-time applications increasingly rely on context information to provide relevant and dependable features. Context queries require large-scale retrieval, inferencing, aggregation, and delivery of context using only limited computing resources, especially in a distributed environment. If this is slow, inconsistent, and too expensive to access context information, the dependability and relevancy of real-time applications may fail to exist. This paper argues, transiency of context (i.e., the limited validity period), variations in the features of context query loads (e.g., the request rate, different Quality of Service (QoS), and Quality of Context (QoC) requirements), and lack of prior knowledge about context to make near real-time adaptations as fundamental challenges that need to be addressed to overcome these shortcomings. Hence, we propose a performance metric driven reinforcement learning based adaptive context caching approach aiming to maximize both cost- and performance-efficiency for middleware-based Context Management Systems (CMSs). Although context-aware caching has been thoroughly investigated in the literature, our approach is novel because existing techniques are not fully applicable to caching context due to (i) the underlying fundamental challenges and (ii) not addressing the limitations hindering dependability and consistency of context. Unlike previously tested modes of CMS operations and traditional data caching techniques, our approach can provide real-time pervasive applications with lower cost, faster, and fresher high quality context information. Compared to existing context-aware data caching algorithms, our technique is bespoken for caching context information, which is different from traditional data. We also show that our full-cycle context lifecycle-based approach can maximize both cost- and performance-efficiency while maintaining adequate QoC solely based on real-time performance metrics and our heuristic techniques without depending on any previous knowledge about the context, variations in query features, or quality demands, unlike any previous work. We demonstrate using a real world inspired scenario and a prototype middleware based CMS integrated with our adaptive context caching approach that we have implemented, how realtime applications that are 85% faster can be more relevant and dependable to users, while costing 60.22% less than using existing techniques to access context information. Our model is also at least twice as fast and more flexible to adapt compared to existing benchmarks even under uncertainty and lack of prior knowledge about context, transiency, and variable context query loads.
Biomolecular Condensates in Contact with Membranes
Authors: Mangiarotti Agustín , Dimova Rumiana
Published: February 2024

Biomolecular condensates are highly versatile membraneless organelles involved in a plethora of cellular processes. Recent years have witnessed growing evidence of the interaction of these droplets with membrane-bound cellular structures. Condensates’ adhesion to membranes can cause their mutual molding and regulation, and their interaction is of fundamental relevance to intracellular organization and communication, organelle remodeling, embryogenesis, and phagocytosis. In this article, we review advances in the understanding of membrane–condensate interactions, with a focus on in vitro models. These minimal systems allow the precise characterization and tuning of the material properties of both membranes and condensates and provide a workbench for visualizing the resulting morphologies and quantifying the interactions. These interactions can give rise to diverse biologically relevant phenomena, such as molecular-level restructuring of the membrane, nano- to microscale ruffling of the condensate–membrane interface, and coupling of the protein and lipid phases.
Hysterosalpingography and Ultrasonography Features of Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich Syndrome Detected during Infertility Workup
Authors: Hamidi Hidayatullah , Balkhi Bibi Hosai
Published: February 2024

The Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome (HWWS) is a very rare congenital anomaly of the urogenital tract. It is characterized by a combination of didelphys uterus, unilateral vaginal obstruction, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. MRI imaging is usually used for diagnosis; however, the authors present a case of HWWS diagnosed by ultrasonography (HSG) and hysterosalpingography (HSG) in a 22-year-old lady who has undergone an imaging workup of infertility.
Parotid Gland Metastases of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head: Occult Metastases Occurrence and Their Late Manifestation
Authors: Horakova Zuzana , Starek Ivo , Zapletalova Jana , Salzman Richard
Published: February 2024

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCC) are malignant tumours with excellent prognosis unless nodal metastases develop. The aim of our study is to determine the prognostic significance of the clinical stage of parotid gland metastases and the incidence of occult cervical lymph node involvement in cSCC of the head. Our retrospective analysis includes 39 patients with cSCC parotid gland metastases, 15 of whom had concurrent cervical node involvement. In 32 patients, the lymph nodes manifested at stage N3b. A total of 26 patients were treated with parotidectomy, 9 patients received radiotherapy alone, and 4 received symptomatic therapy. The surgical treatment included either total conservative (21 cases) or superficial parotidectomy (5 cases) and neck dissection (therapeutic neck dissections in 11 cases and elective in 14 cases). In all cases, surgery was performed with sufficient tumour-free resection margins. Adjuvant radiotherapy was administered postoperatively in 16 patients. Occult metastases were present in 21% of cases after an elective neck dissection, but not in any case in the deep lobe of the parotid gland. The five-year overall survival and recurrence-free interval were 52% and 55%, respectively. Patients with the cN3b stage and G3 histological grade tend to have a worse prognosis, but not at a statistically significant level. The prognosis was not worse in patients with concurrent parotid and cervical metastases compared to those with metastases limited to the parotid gland only. The addition of adjuvant irradiation, in comparison to a single modality surgical treatment, was the only statistically significant prognostic factor that reduced the risk of death from this diagnosis (p=0.013). The extent of parotidectomy (partial vs. total) had no impact on either the risk of recurrence or patient prognosis. The combination of surgery with irradiation provides the best results and should be applied to all patients who tolerate the treatment. A partial superficial parotidectomy should be sufficient, with a minimum risk of occult metastasis in the deep lobe. Conversely, the relatively high incidence of occult neck metastases indicates that patients could likely benefit from elective neck dissection.
Optimization Algorithm for AoI-Based UAV-Assisted Data Collection
Authors: Zhou Xiaoya , Zhu Qi
Published: February 2024

Regarding the issue of information freshness in systems that aid in data collection using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), a data collection algorithm that is based on freshness and UAV assistance is proposed. Under the limitations of wireless sensor node communication distance and UAV parameters, the optimization problem of minimizing the average spatial correlation age of information (SCAoI) of all nodes in the area is set up. This problem is solved by optimizing the number of clusters, UAV flight trajectories, and the order of data collection from cluster member nodes. The maximum communication distance of the nodes is used as the cluster formation radius, and the maximum-minimum distance clustering algorithm is used to cluster the nodes in the region to obtain the minimum number of clusters. After it has been proven that the trajectory optimization problem in this study is NP-hard, the ant colony algorithm is applied to obtain the minimum flight time and the corresponding trajectory. By using the greedy algorithm to determine the member nodes in the sequence of data collection for a cluster, the instantaneous SCAoI of the UAV arriving at the cluster head is solved. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm in this paper can effectively improve the freshness of data and reduce the average SCAoI of the system compared with the algorithm in the comparative literature, reducing the average SCAoI by about 61%.
Figure S5 from PD-1 Expression on Intratumoral Regulatory T Cells Is Associated with Lack of Benefit from Anti–PD-1 Therapy in Metastatic Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Denize Thomas , Jegede Opeyemi A. , Matar Sayed , El Ahmar Nourhan , West Destiny J. , Walton Emily , Bagheri Aseman Sheshdeh , Savla Varunika , Nabil Laimon Yasmin , Gupta Saurabh , Vemula Sai Vikram , Braun David A. , Burke Kelly P. , Catalano Paul J. , Freeman Gordon J. , Motzer Robert J. , Atkins Michael B. , McDermott David F. , Sharpe Arlene H. , Choueiri Toni K. , Signoretti Sabina
Published: February 2024

Figure S5
Supplemental Information1 from Evaluation of the SSTR2-targeted Radiopharmaceutical 177Lu-DOTATATE and SSTR2-specific 68Ga-DOTATATE PET as Imaging Biomarker in Patients with Intracranial Meningioma
Authors: Kurz Sylvia C. , Zan Elcin , Cordova Christine , Troxel Andrea B. , Barbaro Marissa , Silverman Joshua S. , Snuderl Matija , Zagzag David , Kondziolka Douglas , Golfinos John G. , Chi Andrew S. , Sulman Erik P.
Published: February 2024

Supplemental Information, Tables S1-S3, Figure S1.
Supplementary Data1 from Backfilling Patients in Phase I Dose-Escalation Trials Using Bayesian Optimal Interval Design (BOIN)
Authors: Zhao Yixuan , Yuan Ying , Korn Edward L. , Freidlin Boris
Published: February 2024

appendix
Supplementary Table S2 from TROP2 Is Associated with Primary Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Patients with Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Bessede Alban , Peyraud Florent , Besse Benjamin , Cousin Sophie , Cabart Mathilde , Chomy François , Rey Christophe , Lara Oren , Odin Ophélie , Nafia Imane , Vanhersecke Lucile , Barlesi Fabrice , Guégan Jean-Philippe , Italiano Antoine
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Table 2.
Multivariate analysis of progression-free and overall survival of patients from OAK and POPLAR studies.
Supplementary Table S5 from Durvalumab ± Tremelimumab + Platinum-Etoposide in Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer (CASPIAN): Outcomes by PD-L1 Expression and Tissue Tumor Mutational Burden
Authors: Paz-Ares Luis , Garassino Marina Chiara , Chen Yuanbin , Reinmuth Niels , Hotta Katsuyuki , Poltoratskiy Artem , Trukhin Dmytro , Hochmair Maximilian J. , Özgüroğlu Mustafa , Ji Jun Ho , Statsenko Galina , Conev Nikolay , Bondarenko Igor , Havel Libor , Losonczy György , Xie Mingchao , Lai Zhongwu , Godin-Heymann Nadia , Mann Helen , Jiang Haiyi , Shrestha Yashaswi , Goldman Jonathan W.
Published: February 2024

Summary of adverse events of any cause by PD-L1 subgroup (PD-L1 safety population).
Supplementary Figure S2 from TROP2 Is Associated with Primary Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Patients with Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Bessede Alban , Peyraud Florent , Besse Benjamin , Cousin Sophie , Cabart Mathilde , Chomy François , Rey Christophe , Lara Oren , Odin Ophélie , Nafia Imane , Vanhersecke Lucile , Barlesi Fabrice , Guégan Jean-Philippe , Italiano Antoine
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure 2. Plasma level of TROP2 predicts response to ICI
Supplemental Table 3 from Intrinsic Subtype and Overall Survival of Patients with Advanced HR+/HER2− Breast Cancer Treated with Ribociclib and ET: Correlative Analysis of MONALEESA-2, -3, -7
Authors: Prat Aleix , Solovieff Nadia , André Fabrice , O'Shaughnessy Joyce , Cameron David A. , Janni Wolfgang , Sonke Gabe S. , Yap Yoon-Sim , Yardley Denise A. , Partridge Ann H. , Thuerigen Astrid , Zarate Juan Pablo , Lteif Agnes , Su Fei , Carey Lisa A.
Published: February 2024

Supplemental Table 3. Multivariable analysis of treatment benefit by subtype
Supplementary Table S2 from Development of a Practical Nomogram for Personalized Anemia Management in Patients Treated with Ataxia Telangiectasia and Rad3-related Inhibitor Camonsertib
Authors: Rosen Ezra , Yap Timothy A. , Lee Elizabeth K. , Højgaard Martin , Mettu Niharika B. , Lheureux Stephanie , Carneiro Benedito A. , Plummer Ruth , Fretland Adrian J. , Ulanet Danielle , Xu Yi , McDougall Robin , Koehler Maria , Fontana Elisa
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Table S2. Representativeness of study participants.
Supplementary Fig. S3 from Development of a Practical Nomogram for Personalized Anemia Management in Patients Treated with Ataxia Telangiectasia and Rad3-related Inhibitor Camonsertib
Authors: Rosen Ezra , Yap Timothy A. , Lee Elizabeth K. , Højgaard Martin , Mettu Niharika B. , Lheureux Stephanie , Carneiro Benedito A. , Plummer Ruth , Fretland Adrian J. , Ulanet Danielle , Xu Yi , McDougall Robin , Koehler Maria , Fontana Elisa
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Fig. S3. Summary statistics for the leave-one-out cross-validation of the nomogram.
Supplementary Table S7 from A Phase Ib Study of the DNA-PK Inhibitor Peposertib Combined with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Authors: Romesser Paul B. , Capdevila Jaume , Garcia-Carbonero Rocio , Philip Tony , Fernandez Martos Carlos , Tuli Richard , Rodriguez-Gutierrez Almudena , Kuipers Mirjam , Becker Andreas , Coenen-Stass Anna , Sarholz Barbara , You Xiaoli , Miller Eric D.
Published: February 2024

Tumor mutational burden
Supplementary Figure S1 from A Phase Ib Study of the DNA-PK Inhibitor Peposertib Combined with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Authors: Romesser Paul B. , Capdevila Jaume , Garcia-Carbonero Rocio , Philip Tony , Fernandez Martos Carlos , Tuli Richard , Rodriguez-Gutierrez Almudena , Kuipers Mirjam , Becker Andreas , Coenen-Stass Anna , Sarholz Barbara , You Xiaoli , Miller Eric D.
Published: February 2024

Study design
Supplementary Table S2 from Therapy-Induced Senescence Contributes to the Efficacy of Abemaciclib in Patients with Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma
Authors: Gleason Caroline E. , Dickson Mark A. , Klein (Dooley) Mary E. , Antonescu Cristina R. , Gularte-Mérida Rodrigo , Benitez Marimar , Delgado Juliana I. , Kataru Raghu P. , Tan Mark Wei Yi , Bradic Martina , Adamson Travis E. , Seier Kenneth , Richards Allison L. , Palafox Marta , Chan Eric , D'Angelo Sandra P. , Gounder Mrinal M. , Keohan Mary Louise , Kelly Ciara M. , Chi Ping , Movva Sujana , Landa Jonathan , Crago Aimee M. , Donoghue Mark T.A. , Qin Li-Xuan , Serra Violetta , Turkekul Mesruh , Barlas Afsar , Firester Daniel M. , Manova-Todorova Katia , Mehrara Babak J. , Kovatcheva Marta , Tan Nguan Soon , Singer Samuel , Tap William D. , Koff Andrew
Published: February 2024

Sequences of primers and shRNAs used in this study
Supplementary Figure S15 from Therapy-Induced Senescence Contributes to the Efficacy of Abemaciclib in Patients with Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma
Authors: Gleason Caroline E. , Dickson Mark A. , Klein (Dooley) Mary E. , Antonescu Cristina R. , Gularte-Mérida Rodrigo , Benitez Marimar , Delgado Juliana I. , Kataru Raghu P. , Tan Mark Wei Yi , Bradic Martina , Adamson Travis E. , Seier Kenneth , Richards Allison L. , Palafox Marta , Chan Eric , D'Angelo Sandra P. , Gounder Mrinal M. , Keohan Mary Louise , Kelly Ciara M. , Chi Ping , Movva Sujana , Landa Jonathan , Crago Aimee M. , Donoghue Mark T.A. , Qin Li-Xuan , Serra Violetta , Turkekul Mesruh , Barlas Afsar , Firester Daniel M. , Manova-Todorova Katia , Mehrara Babak J. , Kovatcheva Marta , Tan Nguan Soon , Singer Samuel , Tap William D. , Koff Andrew
Published: February 2024

Abemaciclib induced changes in CD8+ TILs in individual patients
Supplementary Figure S11 from Therapy-Induced Senescence Contributes to the Efficacy of Abemaciclib in Patients with Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma
Authors: Gleason Caroline E. , Dickson Mark A. , Klein (Dooley) Mary E. , Antonescu Cristina R. , Gularte-Mérida Rodrigo , Benitez Marimar , Delgado Juliana I. , Kataru Raghu P. , Tan Mark Wei Yi , Bradic Martina , Adamson Travis E. , Seier Kenneth , Richards Allison L. , Palafox Marta , Chan Eric , D'Angelo Sandra P. , Gounder Mrinal M. , Keohan Mary Louise , Kelly Ciara M. , Chi Ping , Movva Sujana , Landa Jonathan , Crago Aimee M. , Donoghue Mark T.A. , Qin Li-Xuan , Serra Violetta , Turkekul Mesruh , Barlas Afsar , Firester Daniel M. , Manova-Todorova Katia , Mehrara Babak J. , Kovatcheva Marta , Tan Nguan Soon , Singer Samuel , Tap William D. , Koff Andrew
Published: February 2024

Quantification of the Abemaciclib induced changes in CDKN2A expression in each patient