bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Letramento crítico e colaboração crítica – entrelaçando teorias com vistas à transformação social
Authors: Aguiar André Effgen
Published: March 2022

Propomos neste artigo realizar uma aproximação conceitual entre as teorias do Letramento Crítico (Morgan, 1997; Jordão, 2013, 2016; Janks, 2013, 2016; Shor,1999; Luke, 2000, 2004) e da Colaboração Crítica (Magalhães, 2007, 2011, 2019; Magalhães e Fidalgo, 2007; Ninin, 2011, 2018), apresentando a origem de ambas as teorias e discutindo sobre como o trabalho educacional pautado nessas perspectivas (LC e CC) pode proporcionar a formação de cidadãos críticos e ativos que buscam, a partir de discursos e ações intencionais e informadas, a transformação social. Estabelecidas as relações entre as teorias, buscamos demonstrar que tanto o LC quanto a CC são teorias que têm por propósito combater injustiças e mitigar as desigualdades sociais, por meio da constituição de sujeitos capazes de: aprender a partir de conflitos e conviver com a diversidade; de atuar como seres políticos, capazes de realizar negociações ininterruptas; de romper com o senso comum, desvelando discursos preconceituosos que excluem e marginalizam grupos sociais. 
Palavras-chave: letramento crítico; colaboração crítica; transformação social.
“As pessoas são as suas histórias”: uma entrevista com Walkyria Monte Mór
Authors: Mór Walkyria Monte , Ifa Sérgio , Ono Fabricio Tetsuya Parreira
Published: March 2022

Nesta entrevista, Sérgio Ifa (UFAL) e Fabrício Tetsuya Parreira Ono (UFMS) dialogam com a professora Walkyrya Monte Mór (USP) sobre sua trajetória pessoal, acadêmica e de pesquisa, dando ênfase a questões ligadas aos letramentos críticos, tema central do trabalho da entrevistada.
Palavras-chave: perspectiva crítica; letramentos críticos; cidadania ativa.
Electrochemical Corrosion and Thermal Failure Mechanism of Buffer Layer
Authors: Wang Xiao Feng , Ma Tao , Ma Xiao , Li Yong Fu , Gao Chao , Hu Song Ling
Published: March 2022

This paper studies the characteristics of white powder generation on the buffer layer of cables under the influence of humidity and pressure. After testing, the presence of white powder in the buffer layer leads to an increase in the volume resistivity (higher than the area without white powder). The denser the white powder, the more the volume resistivity rises. The current density and surface temperature is simulated in COMSOL and observed the process of white powder generation. The volume resistivity is also measured using an electrochemical impedance spectrometer with different contents of white powder in buffer layer. The test results show that the electrochemical corrosion increase on buffer layer under high water contents in the presence of large current density. The experimental results show that when the water content of the buffer layer is 2 mL, the formation rate of white powder is the fastest; when the pressure of the buffer layer in the range of 998.2 N/m2~9982 N/m2, the formation rate of white powder increases first, then decreases, and finally tends to be saturated; The main component of white powder is aluminum oxide, which is formed by chemical corrosion and electrochemical corrosion of aluminum, carbon black, sodium polyacrylate, water and etc.
Preparation of Cadmium Telluride Quantum Dots Modified by Thioglycolic Acid
Authors: Zhang Lin Lin , Wu Jia Huan , Shi Chun Hui , Lv Yu Guang
Published: March 2022

A CdTe quantum dot modified with thioglycolic acid as stabilizer was prepared. The structure of CdTe quantum dots was characterized by IR, UV and fluorescence spectra, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) scanning and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The effects of reactants, temperature, time and PH on the luminescence properties of the quantum dots were investigated. It is found that the quantum dots have strong fluorescence intensity. The synthesized QDS have small and uniform particle size and high crystallinity. The optimum conditions were determined as follows: n (Cd2+): n (Te2-): n (TGA) = 2:1:4, heating temperature 140°C, reaction time 60min, pH 11.
Study on Hard Turning Process of Large Cylindrical Roller Bearing Flanges
Authors: Meng Yan Yan , Wang Qing , Sun Bin , Li Ya , Shi Ke Ke , Zhang Shuai Jun
Published: March 2022

At present, grinding mode is used for the finishing process of large cylindrical roller bearing flanges. However, because of low efficiency, large consumption of grinding wheel and grinding fluid, high costs, serious pollution of cutting waste fluid, and more importantly, easy to generate grinding burns and cracks defects, grinding machining has become a technical problem that troubles the economic and effective processing of large bearing ring flanges in the bearing industry. Therefore, the research on the hard turning technology for the finishing process of large cylindrical roller bearing flanges is carried out in the paper. The experiment investigations have shown that the finishing quality of large cylindrical roller bearing ring flanges can be better and more economically guaranteed by hard turning process.
Poverty Reduction Effect of Infrastructure: A Cross Country Study of Developing Countries in Asia
Authors: Atapattu P. J.
Published: March 2022

Poverty alleviation is the central theme of the decade and this paper investigates the poverty reduction effect of access to infrastructure using panel data from 1990-2015 for nine developing countries in Asia. The objective of the paper is to investigate the causality between poverty and access to infrastructure and to estimate the poverty reduction effect of infrastructure. Dependent variables are the poverty headcount ratio at USD 1.90 and USD 3.20 per day. A variable is created by using access to electricity, water and sanitation occupying principal component analysis (PCA). Causality test result indicates unidirectional causality running from access to infrastructure to poverty. The model estimated by using fixed effects and results find lack of access to electricity, water and sanitation are the major reasons to poverty. The poverty reduction effect of access to infrastructure is larger in the long-run. The results of the model speak to close infrastructure gap, make infrastructure accessible, make poor beneficiaries of education, to control persisting income inequality, controlling population growth, reduce unemployment and encourage remittance. Findings of the model guide policy makers to prioritize investment in infrastructure as infrastructure boosts human capital through better provisioning of electricity, sanitation and water and physical capital.
Laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy with only three trocars: Results of a prospective single centre study
Authors: Al Salhi Yazan , Fuschi Andrea , Martoccia Alessia , Velotti Gennaro , Suraci Paolo Pietro , Scalzo Silvio , Rera Onofrio Antonio , Antonioni Alice , Valenzi Fabio Maria , Bozzini Giorgio , Carbone Antonio , Pastore Antonio Luigi
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) with full bladder cuff excision is the gold standard for treatment of non-metastatic upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC). We describe our technique of laparoscopic nephroureterectomy (LNU) with bladder cuff excision technique with modified port placement, reporting our long-term follow-up outcomes. Methods: Patients affected by UTUC were prospectively enrolled and undergone to LNU. Perioperative outcomes, oncological data at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months after surgery, and all the surgical complications according to Clavien-Dindo classification were evaluated in all subjects. Results: A total of 50 patients with UTUC underwent LNU, using this new technique without patient and port repositioning. The mean operative time was 168 minutes, estimated blood loss was 75 mL, mean length of hospital stay was 3 days. There were no intraoperative complications while four late complications occurred (two grade IIIb and two grade II according to Clavien-Dindo classification, incisional hernias and fever, respectively). Postoperative pathology was T1 in 12 patients, T2 in 17 patients, and T3 in 21 patients. Tumor grade was low in 12 patients and high in 38 patients. Conclusions: In our study the described LNU technique was related to a significant reduction in terms of operative time and length of hospital stay, with a faster patients’ recovery and no peri and postoperative complications. The long-term oncological outcomes were similar to data reported in literature.
Metodologia didattica in bioetica. Riflessioni e proposte in margine al documento del Comitato Nazionale per la Bioetica
Authors: Mele Vincenza , Palazzani Laura
Published: March 2022

Dopo una breve sintesi del documento del Comitato Nazionale per la Bioetica su "Bioetica e formazione nel sistema sanitario", l'articolo esprime alcune considerazioni in margine al documento stesso. Si evidenzia la rilevanza del tema trattato nel contesto delle nuove esigenze etiche emergenti dal rapido progresso scientifico tecnologico e la difficoltà di una proposta formativa uniforme nel contesto morale pluralistico che caratterizza la società attuale. La seconda parte prende in esame in particolare la metodologia didattica in bioetica sulla base di considerazioni teorico-filosofiche (la connessione tra metodologia e contenuto) calate nel contesto pedagogico (la connessione tra metodologia e caratteristiche dei discenti).
Le proposte emendative degli artt. 9, 24, 32 della Costituzione approvate di recente dal Senato
Authors: Bompiani Adriano
Published: March 2022

Il contributo presenta le proposte emendative degli articoli 9, 24, 32 della Costituzione approvate di recente dal Senato della Repubblica. Questi emendamenti tendono a introdurre pleno iure nella Costituzione il concetto di "ambiente", differenziandolo da quello di "paesaggio". In particolare, l'autore si sofferma sui seguenti temi: 1) definizione dell'interesse diffuso e dell'interesse collettivo; 2) la dottrina dell'ambiente come "interesse diffuso" e altre ipotesi classificatorie; 3) fattori di salubrità e insalubrità dell'ambiente.
Profiling of seminal antioxidant indices and sperm quality in Plasmodium berghei- induced malarial mice treated with Phyllanthus amarus
Authors: Oshiegbu Williams , Elu Chinwendu O. , Onyesom Innocent
Published: March 2022

Objective:

To evaluate the antiplasmodial activity of Phyllanthus (P.) amarus crude ethanol leaf extract and its effects on semen quality in male BALB/c mice.

Methods:

A total of 36 adult mice were divided into six groups, with 6 mice each. Five groups were infected with Plasmodium (P.) berghei, and one group was left uninfeceted. Of the five infected groups, one group was left untreated, three groups were treated with varying doses (100, 250 and 400 mg/kg) of P. amarus crude ethanol leaf extract orally for 4 days, and another group was treated with standard drug, artemether and lumefantrine (Lonart®DS). Antiplasmodial activity, seminal quality, some biochemical indices (neutral α -glucosidase, fructose, and citric acid) in seminal plasma and seminal antioxidant markers (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione, malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, and acid phosphates) were determined. The mice were euthanized 3 days post treatment and semen was collected from the caudal epididymis and processed for analysis using documented methods and procedures.

Results:

Malarial infection led to oxidative stress, causing a significant decline in seminal quality (P<0.05). However, treatment with P. amarus crude ethanol leaf extract alleviated oxidative stress and significantly improved seminal quality. The improvement was dose-dependent and compared well with the standard drug, artemether and lumefantrine (Lonart®DS) treatment.

Conclusions:

The ethanol leaf extracts of P. amarus alleviate male reproductive capacity during malaria infection in murine model by enhancing antioxidant activities.
INRA82 extender enhances semen quality in ram under cooled and cryopreserved stages
Authors: Fadl Aya M. , Abdelnaby Elshymaa A. , El-Sherbiny Hossam R.
Published: March 2022

Objective:

To investigate the effect of INRA82 extender on ram semen quality preserved in cooled and frozen conditions in comparison with Tris-based extenders and to select the suitable extender for ram semen preservation.

Methods:

Semen samples were collected and pooled from Awassi rams (n=5) and divided into three aliquots. Each aliquot was diluted with one of the following extenders: 1) Tris-citrate glucose, 2) Tris-citrate fructose, and 3) INRA-82. For liquid storage, diluted samples were kept at 5 °C for 72 h. Progressive motility was measured at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h after cooling. Besides, viability, morphology, membrane, acrosome and DNA integrities were evaluated at 24 h post-cooling. For cryopreservation, diluted samples were cooled, equilibrated, loaded and frozen in liquid nitrogen. Thawed samples were evaluated in the same manner as cooled conditions.

Results:

Seminal characteristics were improved after cooling and thawing in samples diluted with INRA-82 compared to those diluted with Tris-citrate glucose or Tris-citrate fructose (P<0.05).

Conclusions:

Dilution of ram semen with INRA-82 improves semen parameters. Hence, INRA-82, as a stimulating diluent, can be successfully used to reserve viability and sustainability of cooled and cryopreserved ram semen.
Prevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C in Patients undergoing hemodialysis at a teaching hospital in Uttarakhand
Authors: Raina Dimple , Rawat Neha , Pandita Ajay K.
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Hemodialysis (HD) requires blood exposure to infectious materials through the extracorporeal circulation for a prolonged period, and exposure to risk factors for nosocomial infections is always there.

Aims and Objectives:

To determine the prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in patients undergoing hemodialysis and evaluate the various modes of transmission involved in the causation of the infection.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 60 patients with chronic kidney disease, admitted to our hospital for HD, were screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV antibodies. A questionnaire was designed to evaluate risk factors and data were generated to evaluate the significance of the association.

Results:

Out of 60 subjects, an anti-HCV antibody was detected in 31.68% of patients and 11.66% of patients were positive for HBsAg. The maximum anti-HBV-positive patients were in >60 years of age group (11.53%), whereas the maximum HCV-positive patients were between 41 and 50 age group (23.07%). Most of the HCV-positive patients (54.54%), as well as HBV-positive patients (23.52%), received hemodialysis 50 to 100 times. The major primary disease-causing end-stage renal disease (ESRD) included chronic nephritis (35%). The duration of dialysis, multiple blood transfusions, drug addiction, and body piercing/tattooing were also observed as significant risk factors.

Conclusion:

In HD patients, viral hepatitis poses a significant health hazard, particularly in developing countries. HBV vaccination, strict adherence to the universal precautions, segregation of HBV-positive patients can control HBV infection in HD units. However, for HCV, the absence of a specific vaccine and the nosocomial transmission of the virus increase the peril more.
Multiple tuberculomas and cavitating pulmonary tuberculosis in an infant
Authors: Peterson Rachel Ranitha , Ramya R. , Kuruvilla Asha , Lakshmi K. S.
Published: March 2022

A five-month-old infant presented with fever and cough for 3 weeks. She was diagnosed with multiple tuberculomas and cavitating pulmonary tuberculosis. She was a household contact of an open case of tuberculosis (TB) and developed severe disease, although she had received the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine and had no primary or secondary immunodeficiency. In infants, due to low levels of cell mediated immunity, tuberculosis can be severe and dissemination of tuberculosis to the central nervous system (CNS) can occur very early without following the usual time frame. CNS TB may not have symptoms in the early stages in infants and may require neuroimaging for diagnosis. This is the youngest child that has been reported with multiple CNS tuberculomas.
Intraoral osseous choriostoma---Case report and review on its biological occurrence
Authors: Bhakta Ipsita , Banerjee Abhishek , Sen Suman , Jana Subhajit , Priyadarshini Smita Rani
Published: March 2022

The terminology choriostoma describes a tumor-like lesion belonging to hamartomatous group of pathology, that is, normal tissue found in abnormal location. Osseous choriostomas in oral cavity are rare and mostly the cases have been reported in tongue but rarely arising from the interdental gingiva. There are various pathological entities arising from gingiva that give a thought of wider differential diagnosis starting from inflammatory to traumatic origin. Hamartomas in oral cavity are very rare which can definitely be attributed to the sparse literature which leads to misdiagnosis as well failure to understand its biology. In this report, we present a case of osseous choriostoma arising from interdental gingiva in a young female patient in the lower arch.
To assess the magnitude of autism spectrum disorder in Jharkhand by M-CHAT-R as a screening tool
Authors: Pathak Apeksha , Mobin Naghma , Prasad Kamal N. , Mondal Kalpak , Mitra Olie , Kumar Abhinandan , Sinha Harshwardhana
Published: March 2022

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder which is a clinically heterogenous condition with a wide range of etiological factors and causing significant public health burden. If diagnosed at an earlier age, early interventions can be started this leads to functional outcome of children with ASD with respect to social, behavior and occupational sphere. Therefore, early detection and intervention are widely recommended in these children. So screening of toddlers who were identified to be “at risk” can be diagnosed using screening questionnaires by interviewing parents. Overall with this study we can conclude that, toddlers identified to be “at risk” and those diagnosed with ASD were not uncommon and M-CHAT-R is a useful screening test for the identification of “at risk” toddlers for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Jharkhand.
Life-threatening disseminated tuberculosis masquerading as cervical spondylosis---Case report “Cervical TB v/s Cervical Spondylosis”
Authors: Kapoor Mayank , Prakash Bindu , Dhar Minakshi
Published: March 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) is quite prevalent in developing countries, with an ever-rising incidence of extrapulmonary cases. TB of bones and joints is quite challenging to diagnose. Most spinal TB lesions localize at the thoracic and lumbar levels; cervical lesions are a rarity. Hence, most neck pains are labelled cervical spondylosis as the symptomatology of cervical spine tuberculosis (CTB) remains unclear. A 38-year-old male had long-standing neck pain for six months, not associated with any focal neurological deficit, nausea, vomiting, or blurred vision. After the initial evaluation by local practitioners, the pain was, as usual, attributed to cervical spondylosis and conservatively managed. However, his pain worsened, and he ultimately came to us with altered mental status. In reality, he had CTB, which later complicated to life-threatening disseminated TB with intracranial and pulmonary involvement, and he could only survive after prolonged ICU care. Even mild cervical pain should not be neglected and must undergo proper evaluation. We should consider CTB in the differential diagnosis of chronic neck pain, especially in countries where TB is endemic.
Effects of different crash data variables on EMS response time for a rural county in alabama
Authors: Vanga Sneha R. , Ligrani Phillip M. , Doustmohammadi Mehrnaz , Anderson Michael
Published: March 2022

Response time of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) is an important factor related to preventable deaths in road crash incidents. This study focuses on analyzing the effects of different independent variables on the EMS Response Time (ERT). Independent variables considered for this investigation are travel time, day of the week, crash severity, weather, time of the day, and lighting condition. Understanding outcomes resulting from variations of the considered parameters on ERT is crucial to minimize the possibility of adverse outcomes which are tied to different types of injuries, and vital to limit the prospect of fatalities. Crash data used for this study is from a rural county in Alabama where only one EMS control location is available. Results from the analysis indicate that ERT becomes larger as travel time increases. ERT is also larger on weekends than on weekdays. ERT is larger in the evening and night when compared with morning. When the weather is clear or cloudy, the ERT parameter is shorter. But when the weather is extreme, with mist, fog, or rain, the parameter is longer. When roads are dark, ERT is long. When daylight is present, the ERT is shorter. If the crash is fatal, the parameter is longer compared with situations when crash injuries are non-severe.
Medical and nonmedical use of psychiatric medications among medical students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alswayed Khalid E. , Alshuaibi Salman K. , Alsayegh Hamad A. , Bin Shulhub Abdullah S. , Alsultan Rayan M. , AlKhudhair Mohammed R. , Haddad Bander A.
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Psychiatric medication use has increased recently among college students. This includes antidepressants, opioids, stimulants, analgesics, sedatives, and anxiolytics, which could be self-administered without medical supervision.

Objectives:

To determine the prevalence of medical and nonmedical use of psychiatric prescription medications and its correlation with academic performance, demographic data as well as the motives for the nonmedical use.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study aims to assess the psychiatric medication use with or without prescription with the motives behind it, and demographic data of the students at medical colleges in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Results:

A total of 1268 responded to the questionnaire. 251 (20%) of the participants reported using some psychiatric medications in their lifetime, while 191 (15%) participants used some psychiatric medications in the last 12 months. Antidepressants were most used in the surveyed population 144 (57%), followed by opioids/pain relief medications 62 (24%) and anxiolytics 39 (15%). Only 44 surveyed students (3.5%) reported nonmedical use of these psychiatric medications. As for the motives of nonmedical use, the greatest portion reported to use it for “relax or relieve tension” 12 (29%), followed by “relieve pain caused by other health problems” 8 (20%), and “medication to get through the day” 6 (15%).

Conclusion:

Nonmedical use of psychiatric medications among medical students in Riyadh is several times lower than reports by other researchers. Future research should focus on collecting more participants who are using medications without prescription and conduct cross-cultural studies to examine factors contributing to such low rates of illicit psychiatric medication use.
Awareness of diabetic retinopathy among diabetes mellitus patients visiting a hospital of North India
Authors: Singh Akansha , Tripathi Alka , Kharya Pradip , Agarwal Richa
Published: March 2022

Context:

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major cause of visual disability leading to irreversible blindness. Awareness of diabetes and its ocular co-morbidities may help in preventing vision loss.

Aim:

To assess the awareness of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic mellitus patients visiting a hospital in North India.

Setting and Design:

Cross-sectional study conducted at an outpatient clinic of ophthalmology department of a hospital.

Materials and Methods:

An interviewer-administered, pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire was used to evaluate the awareness of DR for the period from July 2020 to January 2021.

Results:

A total of 272 patients with diabetes mellitus (44.4% females and 55.5% males) were included in the study. The mean age of the study population was 53.4 ± 10 years. Of the 272 patients, 79% were aware that diabetes can affect the eyes, and 69.5% knew that DR can lead to blindness. Regarding prevention and treatment of DR, 58.1% of patients were aware that good glycemic control prevents DR and 52.6% knew that DR can be treated. Physicians were the main source of information in 47.4% of patients. The participants were not compliant with a routine retinal assessment with only 26.5% of them having previous fundus examination for DR screening.

Conclusion:

Most of the participants were aware of DR but there existed major deficits in the knowledge and behavior of diabetic patients toward management of DR. There is a need to create awareness about DR and emphasize the importance of retinal screening to reduce visual disability caused by diabetes.
Bladder Neck Contracture as a Complication of Prostate Surgery
Authors: Abbosov Shukhrat Anvarovich , Sorokin Nikolay Ivanovich , Shomarufov Azizbek Bakhodirovich , Kadrev Aleksey Viktorovich , Ugli Nuriddinov Khusniddin Zafariddin , Mukhtarov Shukhrat Tursunovich , Akilov Farkhad Ataullaevich , Kamalov Armais Albertovich
Published: March 2022

Bladder neck contracture (BNC) is one of the most common complications of surgical treatment of prostate diseases. The rate of postoperative BNC varies depending on the type of surgical treatment used. The options for treatment techniques for BNC can vary from endoscopic interventions to complex (abdominal) surgical interventions. This review evaluates various alternative surgical methods of BNC treatment. The search and analysis of publications in the databases PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, Cochrane Library, according to the keywords, “bladder neck sclerosis,” “benign prostatic hyperplasia,” “BNC,” “bladder neck stenosis,” “balloon dilation,” “treatment.” As a result, 71 publications were selected and included in this review. In addition to the standard treatment methods in the form of transurethral resection and incision of the bladder neck using electricity and laser energy, the urologist also has alternative methods of treatment, such as balloon dilation, placement of urethral stents, instillation of the bladder or intraoperative injection of cytostatic drugs, hormones, hyaluronic acid derivatives, and biomedical cell products into the bladder neck area. Although transurethral resection is currently the main treatment option for BNC, the recurrence rate after this procedure can reach up to 38%. According to the literature, balloon dilation can be a promising and minimally invasive method of treatment for recurrent BNC. This method can be used as the first stage in the treatment of recurrent contracture deformity. Furthermore, intravesical instillation of various anti-inflammatory drugs and cytostatics can be promising directions in the treatment and prevention of BNC.
The Impact of Socioeconomic Inequality on Urological Cancer
Authors: Wu Yi-Hsuan , Ke Hung-Lung , Tu Hung-Pin , Li Ching-Chia , Wu Wen-Jeng , Li Wei-Ming
Published: March 2022

Purpose:

Socioeconomic inequality may contribute to different risk factors for cancers. This study aims to analyze the socioeconomic patterns of urological cancer incidence and mortality in Taiwan.

Materials and Methods:

Using data from the National Health Insurance, we designed a retrospective longitudinal cohort study of 3686 subjects who were newly diagnosed with bladder cancer (BC), kidney cancer (KC), and upper urinary tract cancer (UTUC) between 2000 and 2010. We analyzed patients' characteristics and mortality among the three cancers.

Results:

The average age of KC diagnosis was the youngest among the cancers. Moreover, KC tends to occur in patients with higher-income occupations who reside in urban areas. Both BC and UTUC were much more prevalent in patients with less socioeconomic means and those living in rural areas. Varied comorbidities showed different distributions among urological cancers. Although the extent was most prominent in KC, both overall mortality and cancer-specific mortality of the three cancers increased every year during the follow-up period.

Conclusion:

Our results demonstrate different patient characteristics and mortality among BC, KC, and UTUC in Taiwan.
Descriptive chromatic numbers of locally finite and everywhere two-ended graphs
Authors: Weilacher Felix
Published: March 2022

We construct Borel graphs which settle several questions in descriptive graph combinatorics. These include “Can the Baire measurable chromatic number of a locally finite Borel graph exceed the usual chromatic number by more than one?” and “Can marked groups with isomorphic Cayley graphs have Borel chromatic numbers for their shift graphs which differ by more than one?” We also provide a new bound for Borel chromatic numbers of graphs whose connected components all have two ends.
Automaton groups and complete square complexes
Authors: Bondarenko Ievgen , Kivva Bohdan
Published: March 2022

The first example of a non-residually finite group in the classes of finitely presented small-cancelation groups, automatic groups, and

\operatorname{CAT}(0)

groups was constructed by Wise as the fundamental group of a complete square complex (CSC for short) with twelve squares. At the same time, Janzen and Wise proved that CSCs with at most three, five or seven squares have residually finite fundamental group. The smallest open cases were CSCs with four squares and directed complete

\mathcal{VH}

complexes with six squares. We prove that the CSC with four squares studied by Janzen and Wise has a non-residually finite fundamental group. For the class of complete directed

\mathcal{VH}

complexes, we prove that there are exactly two complexes with six squares having a non-residually finite fundamental group. In particular, this positively answers to a question of Wise. Our approach relies on the connection between square complexes and automata discovered by Glasner and Mozes, where complete

\mathcal{VH}

complexes with one vertex correspond to bireversible automata. We prove that the square complex associated to a bireversible automaton with two states or over the binary alphabet generating an infinite automaton group has a non-residually finite fundamental group. We describe automaton groups associated to CSCs with four squares and get two simple automaton representations of the free group

F_2

.
Analysis of a tumor model as a multicomponent deformable porous medium
Authors: Krejcí Pavel , Rocca Elisabetta , Sprekels Jürgen
Published: March 2022

We propose a diffuse interface model to describe a tumor as a multicomponent deformable porous medium. We include mechanical effects in the model by coupling the mass balance equations for the tumor species and the nutrient dynamics to a mechanical equilibrium equation with phase-dependent elasticity coefficients. The resulting PDE system couples two Cahn–Hilliard type equations for the tumor phase and the healthy phase with a PDE linking the evolution of the interstitial fluid to the pressure of the system, a reaction-diffusion type equation for the nutrient proportion, and a quasistatic momentum balance.We prove here that the corresponding initial-boundary value problem has a solution in appropriate function spaces.
Effect of Geometric Parameters on Folding of Thin-Walled Steel Tube under Axial Compression
Authors: Yu HaiYan , Wu Hangyu
Published: March 2022

This study investigated the plastic deformation behavior of 304 stainless steel thin-walled tubes under axial compression by means of numerical calculation and theoretical analysis. It was found that the plastic deformation length of thin-walled tube determined the formability of folds and the work done in the whole axial compression process. To reveal the relation between the range of plastic deformation length and tube geometry parameters, regression equations were established using the quadratic regression orthogonal design method. Experiments were conducted to validate the equations. The process windows for forming a single fold and tube joining at ends had been printed ultimately. The results showed that the regression equations can accurately predict the range of plastic deformation length for forming a single fold. Through the parameter analysis of regression equation, it was turned out that the tube thickness and radius had a significant impact on the plastic deformation length. The tube thickness had a positive linear relation with the minimum plastic deformation length required to form a single fold while the tube radius had a negative linear relation. As for the maximum plastic deformation length, the relations were nonlinear. All of these were referred for establishing the successful end-to-end joining of thin-walled tubes.
An Experimental Study of In-Cylinder Heat Transfer from a Pressurized Motored Engine with Varying Peak Bulk Gas Temperatures
Authors: Caruana Carl , Farrugia Mario , Sammut Gilbert , Pipitone Emiliano
Published: March 2022

The variation of in-cylinder heat transfer with parameters such as engine speed, air-to-fuel ratio, coolant temperature and compression ratio were frequently studied in classical research. These experimentally-obtained relationships are important for improving in-cylinder heat transfer models, essential in developing CO2 reducing strategies. In this publication, a 2.0 liter compression ignition engine was tested in the pressurized motored configuration. This developed experimental setup allowed testing of the engine at speeds ranging between 1400 rpm and 3000 rpm, with peak in-cylinder gas pressures from 40 bar to 100 bar. The engine was motored using different gas compositions chosen specifically to have ratios of specific heats of 1.40, 1.50, 1.60 and 1.67 at room temperature. This enabled motored testing with peak in-cylinder bulk gas temperatures ranging from 700 K to 1500 K. This wide variation of peak bulk gas temperature was achievable even at constant peak in-cylinder gas pressure, which gave the possibility of varying the thermal load of the engine independently from the gas pressure load. This experimental setup offered the repeatability and robustness of motored testing, with the benefit of a fired-representative gas pressure and thermal load. Throughout the test matrix, the engine was instrumented with eroding surface thermocouples at two locations in the cylinder head; at the cylinder central axis, and at the periphery in the squish region. The steady-state and transient components of heat flux were investigated separately, along with the average surface temperature and its swing. The transient component of heat flux was computed using the Impulse Response method, coupled with a two-dimensional finite element model of the eroding thermocouples, as presented in SAE 2021-24-0018. This method takes into account the two-dimensional nature of heat flux through the thermocouples and hence presents a more robust analysis than the more common one-dimensional treatment using the Fast-Fourier Transform method.
Modeling Transient Control of a Turbogenerator on a Drive Cycle
Authors: Petrovich Simon , Ebrahimi Kambiz , Mason Byron , Watson Andrew
Published: March 2022

GTDI engines are becoming more efficient, whether individually or part of a HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle) powertrain. For the latter, this efficiency manifests itself as increase in zero emissions vehicle mileage. An ideal device for energy recovery is a turbogenerator (TG), and, when placed downstream the conventional turbine, it has minimal impact on catalyst light-off and can be used as a bolt-on aftermarket device. A Ricardo WAVE model of a representative GTDI engine was adapted to include a TG (Turbogenerator) and TBV (Turbine Bypass Valve) with the TG in a mechanical turbocompounding configuration, calibrated using steady state mapping data. This was integrated into a co-simulation environment with a SISO (Single-Input, Single-Output) dynamic controller developed in SIMULINK for the actuator control (with BMEP, manifold air pressure and TG pressure ratio as the controlled variables). Transient verification with WAVE-RT was conducted on WLTP and NEDC drive cycles, estimating dynamic energy recovery and fuel consumption improvement. Hints are given for a more advanced MIMO (Multiple-Input, Multiple-Output) control system architecture and calibration.
High-Speed Thermographic Analysis of Diesel Injector Nozzle Tip Temperature
Authors: Gander Alex , Crua Cyril , Sykes Dan , Spragg Rob , de Sercey Guillaume , Payri Raul , Webb Cameron
Published: March 2022

The temperature of fuel injectors can affect the flow inside nozzles and the subsequent spray and liquid films on the injector tips. These processes are known to impact fuel mixing, combustion and the formation of deposits that can cause engines to go off calibration. However, there is a lack of experimental data for the transient evolution of nozzle temperature throughout engine cycles and the effect of operating conditions on injector tip temperature. Although some measurements of engine surface temperature exist, they have relatively low temporal resolutions and cannot be applied to production injectors due to the requirement for a specialist coating which can interfere with the orifice geometry. To address this knowledge gap, we have developed a high-speed infrared imaging approach to measure the temperature of the nozzle surface inside an optical diesel engine. We investigated ways of increasing the emissivity of the nozzle surface with minimal intrusion by applying thin carbon coatings. We compare our measurements with those from a production injector that was instrumented with internal thermocouples. Our steady-state off-engine investigation showed that nozzle surface temperature measured by infrared imaging could yield data at 1200 fps with uncertainties of +20K to -1K compared to simultaneous thermocouple measurements. We applied this approach to an optical diesel engine to investigate the effect of injection duration and increased swirl ratio on injector nozzle temperature and surface homogeneity.
Consistent Optimization and Durability Test of 41kW Fuel Cell Engine Based on Temperature Control Strategy
Authors: Wang Jianjun , Cheng Xiaozhang
Published: March 2022

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is regarded as the reality power source in the 21th century because of its characteristics of high energy density, low working noise, no air pollution, good cold-start performance, quickly start-up and so forth. However, the durability of fuel cell engine is an important factor hindering their mass commercialization and the stack`s consistency is the key factor of the durability for fuel cell engine. Based on the fuel cell water heat management subsystem control strategy, a decoupling control scheme for the temperature management subsystem coolant outlet temperature and inlet temperature is designed to improve the temperature distribution between individual batteries and individual batteries by adjusting the coolant temperature at the outlet and inlet in real time during the operation of the PEMFC system. The control strategy is applied to the 100,000 kilometers durability test for the 41kW fuel cell commercial vehicle. The results show that: To begin with, this control strategy can realize the decoupling control of the import and output temperature of the fuel cell stack coolant, and the average control error of the coolant import and output temperature is less than 0.2°C; Secondly, stake consistency (Cv) was significantly improved during the system test phase; Finally, the durability of the fuel cell stack has been significantly improved in the road test of 100,000 kilometers. From the perspective of the fuel cell engine, the durability of fuel cell stack under optimized the optimized conditions is improved by the water heat management subsystem control strategy.
Analytical Modeling of Open-Circuit Magnetic Field in Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motors Considering Iron Bridge Saturation Effects
Authors: Liu Chang , Zuo Shuguang , Hu Xiaorui , Chen Siyue , Wu Zhipeng
Published: March 2022

Calculating accurately iron bridge saturation effects of the magnetic field, for Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motors (PMASynRMs), remains to be a knotty problem. This paper presents an analytical modeling method to predict open-circuit magnetic field distributions and electromagnetic performances of PMASynRMs, considering iron bridge saturation effects. This analytical modeling method combines the magnetic equivalent circuit method, superposition principle, the solution of the governing Maxwell’s field equations and a complex relative permeance function. A quadruple-layer PMASynRM are remodeled into four surface-inserted permanent magnet synchronous motors (SPMSMs) which have different surface-inserted permanent magnets. Each layer of the interior permanent magnets of the PMASynRM is transformed into a new equivalent surface-inserted permanent magnet whose equivalent thickness needs to be defined by the magnetic equivalent circuit method due to iron bridge saturation effects. Based on superposition principle and the solution of the Laplace’s or Poisson’s field equation, the distribution characteristics of the radial and tangential magnetic flux density are obtained for PMASynRMs. The slotting effect is considered by a complex relative permeance function. To confirm the accuracy of the proposed analytical modeling method, the analytical solutions of magnetic flux density and cogging torque have been compared with Finite Element Method (FEM) simulation results. The root mean square errors of radial and tangential magnetic flux density between analytical and FEM results are 0.000553 and 0.0000916 respectively. The results indicate that the proposed analytical modeling method can consider iron bridge saturation effects effectively, which is suitable for performance predictions and parametric studies of PMASynRMs.
Research on Vehicle Rollover Warning and Braking Control System Based on Secondary Predictive Zero-Moment Point Position
Authors: Wang Haiyang , Hou Liming , Shangguan Wen-Bin
Published: March 2022

To solve the contradiction between model complexity and the warning accuracy of the algorithm of the vehicle rollover warning, a rollover state warning method based on the secondary predictive zero-moment point position for vehicles is proposed herein. Taking a sport utility vehicle(SUV) as the research object, a linear three-degrees-of-freedom vehicle rollover dynamics model is established. On the basis of the model, the lateral position of the zero-moment point and its primary and secondary rates of change are calculated. Then, the theoretical solution of time-to-rollover of the vehicles is deduced from the lateral position of the secondary predictive zero-moment point. When the rollover warning index, the lateral position of the zero-moment point, is greater than the set threshold, the active anti-rollover control system will be triggered. The active anti-rollover braking control system adopts a hierarchical control strategy. Taking the rollover warning index as the control target, the upper controller calculates the braking torque required by the front-outer wheel based on the Fuzzy Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) algorithm and the differential braking control strategy. The lower executive controller calculates the corresponding brake wheel cylinder pressure and inputs it to the corresponding wheel through the Electrical Hydraulic Brake(EHB), so that a certain additional yaw moment can be formed to prevent the vehicle from rolling over. Under some typical driving conditions, Carsim-Matlab co-simulation and real vehicle tests are carried out. The comparative test results show that the proposed rollover warning method based on the secondary predictive zero-moment point position can accurately and effectively predict the roll-over state of the vehicle, and the active anti-rollover braking control system can control the vehicle in time and effectively to prevent the vehicle from rollover.
Gebelerin Pandemi Sürecinde Algıladıkları Stres ve Psikolojik İyi Oluş Düzeyleri İlişkisi
Authors: TARTICI Ebru , BEYDAĞ Kerime Derya
Published: March 2022

Amaç: Bu araştırma, pandemi sürecinde gebelerin algıladıkları stres ve psikolojik iyi oluş düzeylerini belirlemek ve her iki durunun birbiri üzerine etkisini ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı tipteki araştırma, 5 Haziran - 15 Eylül 2020 tarihleri arasında 155 gebe ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma verileri, tanıtıcı soru formu, Algılanan Stres ölçeği ve Psikolojik iyi oluş ölçeği ile elde edilmiştir.

Bulgular: Gebelerin %27.7’si pandemi sürecinde sürekli evde kaldığını, %63.2’si zorunlu olarak dışarı çıktığında her zaman endişe yaşadığını ve %94.2’si dışarı çıkarken her zaman koruyucu ekipman kullandığını belirtmiştir. Gebelerin %96.8’i pandemide ve ziyaretlerini kısıtladığını, %91.6’sı virüse yakalanmaktan korktuğunu ve %93.5’i virüsün bebeğine zarar vermesinden endişe ettiğini belirtmiştir. Gebelerin ASÖ puan ortalaması 32.53 ± 4.7 (yüksek düzeyde) ve PİOÖ puan ortalaması 41.17 ± 10.86 (yüksek düzeyde) olarak bulunmuştur. Gebelerin algıladıkları stres düzeyleri ile psikolojik iyi oluş düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki saptanmamıştır (p>0.05).

Sonuç: Gebelerin stres düzeylerinin ve psikolojik iyi oluşlarının yüksek olduğu, pandemi döneminde gebelerin biyo-psiko-sosyal yönden daha çok desteklenmesi ve bunun için gerekli düzenlemelerin yapılması önerilmektedir.
ПРАВОСЛАВНА ЦРКВА У СРБИЈИ И ЊЕНЕ ФИНАНСИЈЕ
Authors: Антић Дејан , Павловић Зоран
Published: March 2022

Процес осамостаљивања и уједињења средњевековних српских земаља текао је истовремено са добијањем аутокефа- лије и јачањем православне Цркве у Срба. У Никеји је 1219. године трећи син великог жупана Стефана Немање, Свети Сава хиротонисан и постављен за првог поглавара нове ауто- кефалне помесне Цркве, чиме су српске земље са различитим политичким традицијама сабране у једну државну целину оствариле духовно јединство под Жичком архиепископијом. Скоро тринаест деценија касније, за време владавине краља, а потом цара Стефана Душана, Српска архиепископија подиг- нута је у ранг патријаршије (1346). Процес снажења и терито- ријалног проширења средњевековне српске државе доприно- сио је и територијалном ширењу јурисдикције српске Цркве која је све време функционисала независно од државног апа- рата, са сопственом управом, законодавним и судским си- стемом. Независно функционисање није значило и несудело- вање српске Цркве и њених архијереја у дефинисању крупне државне политике. Напротив, руководећи се државним ин- тересима српског народа, Црква је посредовала у доношењу важних државних одлука и делила судбину своје пастве. Онда када су српске земље доспеле под власт Османлија на удару се нашла и српска црквена јерархија.
THE MODERATING EFFECT OF MOTIVATION ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERCEIVED SUPPORT AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT
Authors: Bastida Garry L.
Published: March 2022

Business organizations’ success is achieved when there is the interplay of ideal perceived support, motivation, commitment between employees and employers. The purpose of the study was aimed first to determine the moderating effect of motivation on the relationship between perceived support and organizational commitment, and second, determine the relationship of perceived support, motivation, and organizational commitment among 135 State Universities and Colleges (SUC) library personnel in Mindanao. It made use of quantitative research design specifically the descriptive-correlational. An adapted and modified research instrument was used in gathering the data. Person product-moment correlation (Pearson r) was employed to determine the level of significance of the relationship between perceived support and organizational commitment when moderated by motivation. Moreover, hierarchical regression was used to analyze the moderating effect of motivation on the relationship between perceived support and organizational commitment. The findings revealed that the overall levels of perceived support, motivation, organizational commitment of library personnel were all high. Interrelationships among variables were found to be significant. Finally, the perceived support and organizational commitment relationship were not significantly moderated by motivation.
 

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