bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Weekend Schedules in Home Health Care: The Essential Care on Weekends for Personal Support Quality Improvement Project
Authors: McKay Sandra , Konan Margery , Tedesco Sandra , Turriff Tracey , Michener Mel , King Emily C.
Published: June 2023

The availability of personal support workers (PSWs) is a limiting factor for home care system capacity, as this workforce provides 70% to 80% paid care in this sector. Without sufficient support to live at home, many seniors and people with disabilities experience poorer outcomes and require care in more expensive and less preferred institutional long-term care or hospital settings. Insufficient PSW availability is limiting access to necessary care in the community. Capacity challenges are particularly pronounced on weekends. The Essential Care on Weekends (ECoW) program was co-developed as one solution to adapt current PSW scheduling practices to increase the number of clients with high-intensity care needs who can be served within the constraints of PSW availability. ECoW focused on increasing weekend capacity and care consistency, particularly for clients with the highest care needs, through prioritizing essential care and moving less time sensitive tasks to weekdays. ECoW was operationalized through 4 activities: communication and engagement, clinical care plan review, geographic review of PSW schedules and the creation of the ECoW schedule. Implementation of ECoW demonstrated success in increasing access to and consistency of care for clients with the highest care needs: weekend capacity increased, access to care improved for clients requiring daily or near-daily care and missed care rates decreased both on weekends and weekdays. This strategy represents a change in scheduling practices that organizations can use to provide consistent service to a growing number of clients with high-intensity care needs in the context of increasingly limited health human resource capacity.
The concept of hysteria as mirror of the relation between clinical and cultural psychology
Authors: Guenther Linus Paul Frederic
Published: June 2023

This paper theoretically examines how the psycho-pathological concept of hysteria has evolved since its emergence in antiquity, what causes contributed to it and how nowadays meaning-making systems of clinical psychology are mirrored through it. As has been shown, the transformation of hysteria is more closely related to the cultural psychology of feminism than any other disease before it. The 20th century in particular marked a significant change in the conceptualization of hysteria. From a highly sexist and paternalistic it became a political diagnose and finally was used, after getting banished from the psychological dictionary as an everyday pejorative personality adjective. It underwent a transformation within its gender classification, which was initially limited exclusively to women. Later, it became a psychiatric diagnosis, which was no longer durable nowadays and has finally changed into the concept of histrionic today. The analysis shows how, on the one hand, medical and biopsychological findings and, on the other hand, especially political movements and their cultural psychological processes of change form the basis of psychopathological concepts. It will be shown to what extent hysteria is exceptionally exemplary for this change in psychological meaning-making. In this context, the close connection between hysteria and the emancipatory development of our society could be emphasized.
Tourism development and housing price: An interplay
Authors: Zhang Jun
Published: June 2023

This study underscores the significance of the nexus between tourism and housing price. Using panel data from 35 major cities in China, it employed the panel smooth transition regression approach to explore the interplay between tourism development and housing prices. Our findings showed a nonlinear tourism–housing price nexus. Specifically, tourism development can raise housing prices in a nonlinear way, indicating that this positive impact varies at different levels of tourism specialisation. Housing prices had an inverted U-shaped effect on tourism development. Several explanations for these empirical results are provided in the Discussion section, along with policy suggestions.
The taste of video: Facebook videos as multi-sensory experiences
Authors: Schlussel Hadas , Frosh Paul
Published: June 2023

Recipe videos are among the most viral genres of videos on social media. Yet, little research has been done on their aesthetic and formal attributes, especially on how they operate within the frameworks of the attention economy and embodied interaction specific to social media interfaces. This paper examines recipe videos published on Tasty, one of the most popular Facebook pages in the world. We analyze these videos through a three-dimensional model that integrates their semiotic characteristics (visual, auditory, and textual), their interactive and haptic qualities, and their invitation to perceptual engagement and sensorimotor response. We conclude that Facebook recipe videos are exemplary of a broader category of social media videos which we call hyper-sensory videos: these create heightened multisensory experiences that take precedence over informational use or narrative involvement. Hyper-sensory videos present a cultural response to broader questions regarding materiality, presence, and embodied relations within a highly mediated social reality.
Translating Willingness to Communicate into Learner Talk in a Chinese as a Foreign Language (CFL) Classroom
Authors: Zhou Qianqian
Published: June 2023

Cumulative research has explored willingness to communicate (WTC) in English as a second language and English as a foreign language contexts, but few have looked at the interface between WTC and learner talk from a Chinese learning perspective. This study investigates how six multilingual and multicultural students’ WTC translates into talk in a Chinese as a foreign language classroom in a highly internationalised Scottish University. Specifically, it examines what factors play a part in translating WTC into talk and how such factors enable or impede the process. It adopts a qualitative multiple-case study approach comprising high-density monthly triangulations of classroom observations, learner journals, video-stimulated recall interviews and semi-structured interviews conducted over one academic year. Findings revealed 13 learner-internal and learner-external factors which engage with one another to form various interactional patterns. Adapting to such interactional patterns, the six students’ WTC was found to self-organise into and out of attractor states in which the students were either pro-talk or against-talk. This empirically attests that the WTC-talk realisation exhibits dynamism, non-linearity, self-organisation, co-adaptability, and dependence on initial states and context. Recurring interactional patterns were identified as characterising each student’s successes or failures in realising talk. Pedagogical implications are also provided in light of the findings.
Motivational intensity and self-perceived Chinese language proficiency: A moderated mediation model of L2 enjoyment and boredom
Authors: Zhao Xian , Lan Guoxing , Chen Tianxu
Published: June 2023

Along with the evolution of positive psychology, research in noncognitive factors (e.g. enjoyment and boredom) has gradually flourished in second language (L2) education in recent years. However, previous studies have not examined how enjoyment, boredom, and motivational intensity concurrently predict the self-perceived L2 language proficiency (SPL2P) of younger L2 learners in the Chinese language learning context. To fill the gap, this study investigated 251 ( N = 251) L2 Chinese students from 13 elementary and secondary schools in New Zealand, a population that has scarcely been featured. Embracing the PROCESS macro software, the results of the moderated mediation model indicated that L2 motivational intensity significantly predicted SPL2P, and L2 enjoyment positively mediated the association between L2 motivational intensity and SPL2P. Yet, L2 boredom negatively moderated the relationship between L2 motivational intensity and L2 enjoyment, and the strength of the mediated effect decreased along with the increasing level of L2 boredom. Theoretically, this study extended and validated the existing emotion measurements and theories from English language learning to L2 Chinese learning. Pedagogical implications are provided for L2 Chinese educators.
Bar continuity and strain compatibility for high-strength steel reinforcement in reinforced concrete structures
Authors: Zhao Ming-Shan , Ding Miao , Chiew Singping
Published: June 2023

High-strength steel reinforcement in grade B600 with yield strength of 600 N/mm2 is gaining popularity for its potential to reduce the total amount of reinforcement used and improve construction productivity. However, longer lapped length is required by the conventional lap splicing method for bar continuity. Besides, the conventional design methods are limiting the strength of reinforcement due to strain compatibility issue which suggest that the concrete would fail before B600 rebar yield. This study investigated the reliability of mechanical couplers as alternative splicing method. Statistical analysis showed that the performance of permanent elongation is well within the specified limit of <0.1 mm and the mean tensile strengths are 15.7%–22.1% higher than the requirement. This study also investigated the effectiveness of confinement on enhancing the strain compatibility between B600 rebars and normal concrete through finite element analysis. Results showed with adequately close stirrups, the B600 bars are able to yield and the overall load resistance could be improved by 24%–27% compared to the unconfined models.
An active diffuser control method based on the constant jet throw for improving airflow distribution in variable air volume systems
Authors: Song Linye , Li Kaijun , Zhang Xinghui , Hua Jing
Published: June 2023

The air supply of the variable air volume (VAV) system could decrease with indoor load, resulting in reduced indoor comfort. An active diffuser is a good solution, but its adjustment process is often neglected. In most cases, the diffuser maintains the air supply velocity constant by controlling the air supply area. This traditional control method based on constant velocity (CMV) often fails to reach jet throw expectation due to the continuous change of airflow diffusion performance during the adjustment process. In this study, a new control method based on constant jet throw length (CMT) is proposed and applied in two typical rooms (office and conference). The results show that the CMT could increase the throw length in the spreading zone and enhances the airflow at the wall zone and ground zone, providing a more uniform temperature and more comfortable indoor environment. In 40% air volume condition, the air diffusion performance index (ADPI) in the office using CMT has improved from 89.66% to 95.69% compared to CMV, while ADPI in the conference improved from 92.11% to 97.37%. This study can help designers determine the optimal adjustment scheme to improve the adaptability of the active diffuser to the VAV system.
The effect of microstructure on the tensile and impact behaviour of short-glass fibre-reinforced polyamide 6.6 as assessed by micro-computed tomography
Authors: Rosic N. , Mollo M. , Bernal C. , Cosmi F.
Published: June 2023

Injection moulding of short-fibre-reinforced thermoplastics opens a new dimension in the field of mass production of complicated net-shaped parts with accurate dimensions and the new challenge is to produce parts with tailored properties. However, the layered structure frequently observed in these composites strongly affects their mechanical behaviour and constitutes the main difficulty in transferring the results of tests performed on standard specimens to actual components and parts. In addition, to use injection-moulded composite materials safely, their mechanical behaviour under different loading conditions must be well understood. In the present work, the effect of microstructure, in terms of fibre length and orientation, on the tensile and impact behaviour of injection-moulded short-glass fibre-reinforced polyamide 6.6 was investigated. Digital reconstruction of the three-dimensional structure of samples, differently oriented with respect to the melt flow path, was obtained by the high-spatial-resolution non-destructive technique of synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Automatic evaluation of the fibre length distribution was developed by a global method based on the mean fibre length distribution, computed from the star length distribution (SLD). The results of uniaxial tensile tests and Izod impact experiments were successfully correlated with morphological analysis of fractured surfaces and the results of SLD. These studies revealed important changes in fibre orientation distribution when the sample orientation is changed with respect to melt flow direction, which also strongly influenced the composite mechanical response.
The effect of health-perceived risks on domestic travel intention: The moderating role of destination image
Authors: Aburumman Asad , Abou-Shouk Mohamed , Zouair Nagwa , Abdel-Jalil Marwa
Published: June 2023

Domestic travel is a significant path to revive tourism during crises. Tourist destinations use it to compensate for the decline in international tourist arrivals. This study aims to investigate the influence of risks of health crises on domestic travel intention in the UAE, Egypt, and Jordan. It also measures the moderation role of destination image to decrease the impact of health-perceived risks on local travel intentions. A questionnaire was addressed to domestic tourists in the three countries (i.e. UAE, Egypt, and Jordan) to collect data and findings revealed that health risks are of negative influence on local travel intention, and that safe destination image partially decreases the negative impact of perceived risks on travel intentions. Significant implications for destination planners and marketers are then presented.
Interviewer-Observed Paradata in Mixed-Mode and Innovative Data Collection
Authors: Kunz Tanja , Daikeler Jessica , Ackermann-Piek Daniela
Published: June 2023

In this research note, we address the potentials of using interviewer-observed paradata, typically collected during face-to-face-only interviews, in mixed-mode and innovative data collection methods that involve an interviewer at some stage (e.g., during the initial contact or during the interview). To this end, we first provide a systematic overview of the types and purposes of the interviewer-observed paradata most commonly collected in face-to-face interviews—contact form data, interviewer observations, and interviewer evaluations—using the methodology of evidence mapping. Based on selected studies, we illustrate the main purposes of interviewer-observed paradata we identified—including fieldwork management, propensity modeling, nonresponse bias analysis, substantive analysis, and survey data quality assessment. Based on this, we discuss the possible use of interviewer-observed paradata in mixed-mode and innovative data collection methods. We conclude with thoughts on new types of interviewer-observed paradata and the potential of combining paradata from different survey modes.
Glycemic control and outcome after carotid intervention in patients with T2D: A Swedish nationwide cohort study
Authors: Zabala Alexander , Gottsäter Anders , Lind Marcus , Eliasson Björn , Bertilsson Rebecka , Ekelund Jan , Jonsson Magnus , Nyström Thomas
Published: June 2023

Aims: To investigate the association between glycemic control and outcome in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) after carotid intervention due to carotid stenosis. Methods: Observational nationwide population-based cohort study using inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) and Cox regressions with covariates, that is, 4 stepwise models, investigating the relationship between terciles of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and stroke or death. Results: 1115 subjects with T2D undergoing carotid intervention were included during Jan 1st 2009 to Dec 31st 2015. Divided into terciles, with a mean HbA1c level of 44 (tercile 1), 53 (tercile 2), and 72 (tercile 3) mmol/mol. By using IPTW and Cox regression, each model was stepwise introduced for the investigating of relative risks, that is, hazard ratios (HRs) with associated 95% confidence intervals (CI). There was a significant increased risk for stroke or death, in every model observed for tercile 3, compared to tercile 1: HR for model 4: 1.35 (95% CI 1.02-1.78). No difference for stroke or death within 30 days was observed between the groups. Conclusion: Poor glycemic control in people with T2D after carotid intervention is associated with an increased long-term risk for stroke or death.
Applying Thematic Analysis to Analyse Press Coverage in Cross-Country Comparative Research: A Qualitative Study Protocol
Authors: Herzog Christian , Kelly Peter
Published: June 2023

The aim of this exploratory study is to investigate similarities and differences in how the press report on school education and policy in England and Germany. For the purpose of analysing relevant regional and national press coverage, we will create four data sets. Inspired by Bourdieu’s theories of the state and work in relation to news media, and applying thematic analysis, we will investigate which specific contents are reported and how issues are covered. To provide contextual information we will also survey who is given voice in the data and which article types are prevalent. Time frame and sample size for this study are determined by balancing the partly conflicting goals of (a) paying due attention to the exploratory ethos of the investigation, (b) analysing a relatively large number of articles, and (c) working with a manageable size of the data set. On the basis of the empirical findings, we will draw conclusions about the relationship between educational policy and the press, adopting a cross-country comparative perspective.
Silencing of TRPV4-expressing sensory neurons attenuates temporomandibular disorders pain
Authors: Dias Fabiana C , Wang Zilong , Scapellato Garrett , Chen Yong
Published: June 2023

Identification of potential therapeutic targets is needed for temporomandibular disorders (TMD) pain, the most common form of orofacial pain, because current treatments lack efficacy. Considering TMD pain is critically mediated by the trigeminal ganglion (TG) sensory neurons, functional blockade of nociceptive neurons in the TG may provide an effective approach for mitigating pain associated with TMD. We have previously shown that TRPV4, a polymodally-activated ion channel, is expressed in TG nociceptive neurons. Yet, it remains unexplored whether functional silencing of TRPV4-expressing TG neurons attenuates TMD pain. In this study, we demonstrated that co-application of a positively charged, membrane-impermeable lidocaine derivative QX-314 with the TRPV4 selective agonist GSK101 suppressed the excitability of TG neurons. Moreover, co-administration of QX-314 and GSK101 into the TG significantly attenuated pain in mouse models of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) inflammation and masseter muscle injury. Collectively, these results suggest TRPV4-expressing TG neurons represent a potential target for TMD pain.
Exploring the influence of task and environmental constraints on batting and bowling performance in cricket: A systematic review
Authors: Singh Utkarsh , Ramachandran Akhilesh Kumar , Doma Kenji , Connor Jonathan D
Published: June 2023

Cricket is an unique international sport where environmental and task constraints have shown to have a significant impact on batting and bowling performance. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the effect of task and environmental constraints on cricket performance. A systematic literature search was conducted across Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and SportDiscus. Studies were deemed eligible if they reported the effects of pitch type, pitch length, equipment (e.g. cricket bat, batting pads, ball type, etc.) on cricket performance. A total of 20 studies met the inclusion criteria with Kmet score ranging between 75% and 92%. The results from this study demonstrate that environmental constraints such as pitch-type and task constraints such as equipment modification (e.g. type of cricket bat, batting pads, ball) and pitch length can influence cricketer's batting and bowling performance. Scaling cricket bats and reducing pitch length were acutely beneficial to cricket batting, while ball type, pitch length and soil properties were impactful on bowling performance. Importantly though, the impact of constraint manipulation seemed to be influenced by the skill level of the performer. The findings from this study may help to inform coaches and practitioners improve skill acquisition, through constraint manipulation, to develop highly adaptive cricket batting and bowling skill.
Basic assessment of chronic cough in primary care and referral pathways of patients to different specialists
Authors: Domingo Christian , Gonzálvez Jaime , Dávila Ignacio , del Cuvillo Alfonso , Sánchez-Jareño Marta , Cea-Calvo Luis , Naberán Karlos
Published: June 2023

Background:

Chronic cough (CC; cough that lasts 8 weeks or longer) poses major effective assessment challenges. Assessment of CC may vary considerably among medical specialists.

Objectives:

The aim was to evaluate similarities and consistency of responses across different specialists when performing a basic assessment of CC patients in primary care, and referring patients based on clinical findings or test results.

Methods:

A modified Delphi approach was used. A survey with 74 statements on initial assessment of CC and referral pathways was addressed to a panel of different specialists, who voted the statements in two rounds.

Results:

Seventy-seven physicians [18 primary care physicians (PCPs), 24 pulmonologists, 22 allergists, and 13 ear, nose, and throat specialists] from the National Healthcare System of Spain answered the questionnaire. After two rounds, the panel reached a consensus on 63 out of the 74 proposed items (85.1%). Consensus was not reached among the panelists of at least one specialty on 15 out of these 63 agreed items. The panel agreed on those clinical aspects that should be evaluated by PCPs in all patients with CC including the impact of CC on quality of life. Agreement was reached on initial actions to be taken in primary care, including substitution of drugs that may induce cough, performing a chest X-ray, introduction of anti-reflux measures, initiation of empirical anti-reflux pharmacological therapy in some cases, and performing a spirometry with bronchodilator test and hemogram if an etiological diagnosis was not reached. The panelists agreed on a list of diseases that PCPs should assess before referring CC patients. Algorithms were developed for initial assessment and targeted referral of patients with CC from primary care.

Conclusion:

This study provides the perspective of different medical specialists on how to perform a basic assessment of CC patients in primary care and how and when to refer patients to other specialists.
Survival outcomes of beta-blocker usage in HER2-positive advanced breast cancer patients: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hsieh Hui-Hsia , Wu Tien-Yuan , Chen Chi-Hua , Kuo Yu-Hung , Hour Mann-Jen
Published: June 2023

Background:

Clinical trials investigating the effects of beta-blockers (BBs) on cancer are underway. Evidence from preclinical research suggests that BBs could serve as anticancer agents and immune boosters. There is conflicting evidence regarding the effect of BB use on clinical outcomes in patients with breast cancer.

Objectives:

The study aimed to determine whether BB use is associated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients receiving anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) treatment for advanced breast cancer.

Design:

Retrospective hospital-based study.

Methods:

The participants enrolled were breast cancer patients with advanced HER2-positive status who initiated trastuzumab monotherapy or concomitant therapy with trastuzumab and any dose of BB. The patients were enrolled between January 2012 and May 2021 and divided into three groups based on whether they received a BB or not in the therapeutic regimen: BB−/trastuzumab+, BB+ (non-selective)/trastuzumab+, and BB+ (selective)/trastuzumab+. PFS and OS were the primary and secondary endpoints, respectively.

Results:

The estimated median PFS in the BB−/trastuzumab+, BB+ (non-selective)/trastuzumab+, and BB+ (selective)/trastuzumab+ groups was 51.93, 21.50, and 20.77 months, respectively. The corresponding OS was 56.70, 29.10, and 27.17 months. The intergroup differences in these durations were significant. Both PFS [adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 2.21, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.56–3.12; p < 0.001]) and OS (adjusted HR: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.69–3.57; p < 0.001) were worse when BBs were used.

Conclusion:

Our study provides important evidence that BB use potentially has a negative effect on patients with HER2-positive advanced breast cancer. Nevertheless, despite the study’s results, cardiovascular disease (CVD) should be appropriately treated in patients with HER2-positive advanced breast cancer. Other types of drugs can be used to treat CVD, but BB use should be avoided. Large real-world database and prospective studies should be conducted to validate the results of this study.
Ethnic diversity in the English urology workforce and BAUS leadership 2009–2020: A longitudinal study
Authors: Adasonla Kelvin , Newman Thomas , Ellis Ricky , Parry Matthew , Shrotri Nitin , Cresswell Joanne , Green James SA
Published: June 2023

Objectives:

To assess the impact of existing strategies to promote equitable progression, with respect to ethnicity, in the English urology workforce and British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS) leadership between 2009 and 2020.

Subjects and Methods:

A Freedom of Information (FOI) Act request was made to NHS Digital regarding demographic data of clinicians working in urology between 2009 and 2020. Data were collected on urology consultants, specialist registrars and specialty and associate specialist (SAS) doctors over this period. The ethnicities of British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS) Trustees and Council Members were determined over the same period, by review of public profiles.

Results:

The proportion of consultant urologists identified as White decreased from 65.5% to 53.6% ( p < 0.0001), while the proportion of Asian/Asian British consultants increased over the same period (26.9%–36.6%, p < 0.0001). There was a significant increase in Black/Black British trainees (3.0%–11.0%, p < 0.0001) but a decrease in the proportion of Asian/Asian British trainees. Over half of SAS doctors were Asian/British Asian, but this decreased over time as the proportion of white surgeons increased in this group. There was a decrease in the proportion of White urologists occupying BAUS leadership positions (80.6% to 67.6%, p = 0.5).

Conclusion:

Trends towards increased ethnic diversity were seen across all groups. This was most marked among consultant and SAS doctors. More limited change was observed in the urology leadership. The significance of this is unclear but may reflect a need to address barriers to progression in the highest echelons of urology leadership. The BAUS Widening Participant Group strategy aims to continue this progress, with its 10-point plan designed to support current trainees and tomorrow’s leaders with their career aims.

Level of evidence:

Not applicable
Adverse Gastrointestinal Events With Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Use in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis: An International Cohort Study
Authors: Farfan Ruiz Ana Cecilia , Malick Ranjeeta , Rhodes Emily , Clark Edward , Hundemer Greg , Karaboyas Angelo , Robinson Bruce , Pecoits Roberto , Sood Manish M.
Published: June 2023

Background:

There are concerns regarding the gastrointestinal (GI) safety of sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS), a medication commonly used in the management of hyperkalemia.

Objective:

To compare the risk of GI adverse events among users versus non-users of SPS in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Design:

International prospective cohort study.

Setting:

Seventeen countries (Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study [DOPPS] phase 2-6 from 2002 to 2018).

Patients:

50 147 adults on maintenance hemodialysis.

Measurements:

An adverse GI event defined by a GI hospitalization or GI fatality with SPS prescription compared with no SPS prescription.

Methods:

Overlap propensity score–weighted Cox models.

Results:

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate prescription was present in 13.4% of patients and ranged from 0.42% (Turkey) to 20.6% (Sweden) with 12.5% use in Canada. A total of 935 (1.9%) adverse GI events (140 [2.1%] with SPS, 795 [1.9%] with no SPS; absolute risk difference 0.2%) occurred. The weighted hazard ratio (HR) of a GI event was not elevated with SPS use compared with non-use (HR = 0.93, 95% confidence interval = 0.83-1.6). The results were consistent when examining fatal GI events and/or GI hospitalization separately.

Limitations:

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate dose and duration were unknown.

Conclusions:

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate use in patients on hemodialysis was not associated with a higher risk of an adverse GI event. Our findings suggest that SPS use is safe in an international cohort of maintenance hemodialysis patients.
Mapping the youth soccer: A bibliometrix analysis using R-tool
Authors: Liu Bo , Zhou Chang-jing , Ma Hao-wei , Gong Bo
Published: June 2023

In recent years, there has been an increase in the scientific production of youth soccer. However, a panoramic map of research on this subject does not exist. The aim of this study was to identify global research trends in youth soccer over time, among the main levels of analysis: sources, authors, documents, and keywords. The bibliometric software Biblioshiny was used to analyze 2606 articles in Web of Science (WoS) published between 2012 and 2021. The main conclusion is that US and UK scholars dominate the research; the topics of research are changing with the real needs, and research on the topic of performance has been of interest to scholars; talent identification and development, performance, injury prevention, and concussion are the studies of interest to scholars in this area. This finding, which offers a global picture of youth soccer research over time, can help future research in this or similar domains.
Effect of Learner Factors on Chinese Undergraduates’ Translation Learning Performance: A Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Jiang Chenjuan
Published: June 2023

The study aims to explore the interrelationships between translation learning belief, learning strategy use, learning engagement, anxiety, and their effects on learning performance at the higher education level in China. We administered a questionnaire to 339 undergraduates (148 males and 191 females). Results showed that: (a) female students had more positive learning beliefs, and higher engagement, as well as higher translation test scores than their male peers; (b) students at high English level possessed higher translating test and self-rating scores but less anxiety than those students at a low level; (c) translation learning belief, strategy use, and learning engagement positively predicted learning performance while anxiety negatively predicted translation learning performance; (d) strategy use had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between learning belief and learning engagement; and (e) strategy use and learning engagement played a complete mediating role in the relationship between learning belief and performance. Educators should be aware of the interrelationship between these learner variables and the significant mediating role of learning strategy and engagement.
Investigations on burr formation mechanisms and surface quality when micro-milling duplex stainless steel (UNS S32205)
Authors: dos Santos Aline Gonçalves , da Silva Marcio Bacci , Jackson Mark J.
Published: June 2023

Micromilling is a high-precision machining process that has been widely used to produce components or provide micro-characteristics on macro-sized parts. It is imperative that surfaces generated by micro-machining have high specifications and quality, translated as low surface roughness and a minimum number of burrs. Deburring processes are difficult to control, and the need to assure process quality motivated a study of this work focused on burr formation and surface quality when micromilling duplex stainless steel (UNS S32205). For this purpose, slots were machined using a 4-axis computer numerically controlled (CNC) micromachining center equipped with TiN-coated carbide microtools (381 µm diameter (0.015 inch)). Optimization experiments were performed in order to choose the most suitable cutting conditions. The measurements of burr height and surface roughness were made using a profilometer. In addition, milled slots were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that top burrs were dominant, and the main types presented on the up-milling side were feather burrs and primary burrs. On the down-milling side, burrs presented a rather irregular shape. The width of the root of the burr presented values very close to the size of the metallurgical phases of the material, and burrs formed at distances that are comparable to the spacing between both phases, such as, α-ferrite and γ-austenite. Surface roughness is higher when using increased cutting speeds, implying that lower speeds produce a measure of surface roughness in line with component specifications that appears to be dependent on the type of burr formed during milling and associated tool wear.
A Rare Combination of Transposition of Great Arteries and Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection
Authors: Gudipati Rajesh Babu , Rao Nitin K. , Vyas Y. Suman , Jagannath B. R.
Published: June 2023

The association of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) with transposition of great arteries (TGA) is a very rare combination of 2 congenital cyanotic heart diseases. TAPVC, in the case of TGA with the intact interventricular septum (IVS), is a cause of early regression of the left ventricle (LV). Very few cases of this rare combination (TAPVC and TGA with or without VSD) have been reported in the world of literature. We found 10 case reports in the literature. The minimum age was 6 days and the maximum age of 16 years. 5 of them, which were operated before 1990, underwent atrial switch with TAPVC repair. Other 4 of them, operated after 1995, underwent arterial switch with TAPVC repair. In this case report we are reporting 2 such rare cases. In both cases, large VSD prevented LV regression.
Real-world comparative effectiveness of three single-inhaler dual bronchodilators for the treatment of COPD
Authors: Li Jiaying , Dell'Aniello Sophie , Ernst Pierre , Suissa Samy
Published: June 2023

Background

Single-inhaler dual bronchodilators are now recommended as initial treatment of COPD for patients with multiple exacerbations or with moderate or severe dyspnoea. It is unclear whether there are differences in effectiveness among commonly used dual bronchodilators.

Methods

We identified a cohort of COPD patients, aged ≥40 years, treated during 2017–2020, from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink, a real-world practice setting. Inhaled corticosteroid-naïve patients initiating vilanterol–umeclidinium (VIL–UME) were compared with those initiating olodaterol–tiotropium (OLO–TIO) or indacaterol–glycopyrronium (IND–GLY) dual bronchodilators primarily on the incidence of moderate and severe COPD exacerbation over 1 year, and corresponding hazard ratios (HRs), after adjustment by propensity score weighting.

Results

The cohort included 15 224 initiators of VIL–UME, 5536 initiators of OLO–TIO and 5059 initiators of IND–GLY. The HR of a moderate or severe exacerbation with VIL–UME was 0.91 (95% CI 0.85–0.97) compared with OLO–TIO and 0.96 (95% CI 0.89–1.03) compared with IND–GLY. The risk of severe exacerbation was not different for VIL–UME when compared with OLO–TIO (HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.86–1.26) and IND–GLY (HR 1.05, 95% CI 0.86–1.28). All-cause mortality was lower with VIL–UME compared with IND–GLY (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.68–0.98), but not compared with OLO–TIO (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.72–1.04).

Conclusion

In a real-world setting of COPD treatment, the three dual bronchodilator combinations were similarly effective on the risk of a severe exacerbation of COPD. However, the VIL–UME and IND–GLY combinations may confer slightly superior effectiveness than OLO–TIO on the risk of moderate or severe exacerbation. The potential lower mortality with VIL–UME warrants further investigation.
Decreased expression of H19/miR-675 ameliorates muscle atrophy by regulating the IGF1R/Akt/FoxO signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang He , Wang Fei , Pang Xiangsheng , Zhou Yue , Li Shiming , Li Wenjiong , Zhang Peng , Chen Xiaoping
Published: June 2023

Background

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 is one of the most highly expressed and conserved transcripts in mammalian development, and its functions have been fully discussed in many contexts including tumorigenesis and skeletal muscle development. However, its exact role in muscle atrophy remains largely unknown. This study investigated the effect of lncRNA H19 on muscle atrophy and the potential underlying mechanism.

Methods

Hindlimb suspension (HS) of C57BL/6 mice and starvation of C2C12 cells with PBS were conducted to induce atrophy. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to measure the expression of RNAs and proteins. LncRNA H19 and its encoded miR-675 were overexpressed or inhibited in different models of muscle atrophy. Immunofluorescence was carried out to examine the cross-sectional area (CSA) and minimal Feret’s diameter (MFD) of myofibers and myotube diameter.

Results

The expression levels of lncRNA H19 and miR-675 were significantly reduced in both the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles in response to HS. Overexpression of lncRNA H19 led to an increase in Atrogin-1 mRNA expression, and this effect was reversed by inhibiting miR-675. The overexpression of miR-675 aggravated both HS- and starving-induced muscle atrophy by inhibiting the IGF1R/Akt signaling pathway and promoting FoxO/Atrogin-1 expression. Conversely, miR-675 inhibition had the opposite effects.

Conclusion

The lncRNA H19/miR-675 axis can induce muscle atrophy, and its downregulation in mice with HS-induced muscle atrophy may act as a protective mechanism against this condition.
Methodological considerations on real-world evidence studies of monoclonal antibodies against the CGRP-pathway for migraine: a systematic review
Authors: Vandenbussche Nicolas , Pisarek Karolina , Paemeleire Koen
Published: June 2023

Background

Real-world data are accumulating on the effectiveness, tolerability and safety of anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide pathway monoclonal antibodies for the preventive treatment of migraine. We performed a systematic review of the methodology of prospective, observational, clinic-based real-world evidence studies with these drugs in both episodic and chronic migraine.

Methods

The objectives were to evaluate the definitions and reported outcomes used, and to perform a risk of bias assessment for each of the different studies. PubMed and EMBASE were systematically queried for relevant scientific articles. Study quality assessment of the included studies was conducted using the “National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Study Quality Assessment Tool for Before-After (Pre-Post) Studies with No Control Group”.

Results

Forty-six studies fitted the criteria for the systematic review and were included in the analysis. Ten studies (21.7%) defined a migraine day for the study, while only 5 studies defined a headache day for the study (10.9%). The most common primary endpoint/objective of the studies was change in monthly migraine days (n = 16, 34.8%), followed by responder rate (n = 15, 32.6%) and change in monthly headache days (n = 5, 10.9%). Eight studies (17.4%) did not define the primary endpoint/objective. Thirty-three studies were graded as “good” quality and 13 studies were graded as “fair”.

Conclusion

Our analysis shows rather significant heterogeneity and/or lack of predefined primary outcomes/objectives, definitions of outcomes measures and the use of longitudinal monitoring (e.g. headache diaries). Standardization of terminology, definitions and protocol procedures for real-world evidence studies of preventive treatments for migraine are recommended.

Trial registration

This study was registered with PROSPERO with ID CRD42022369366.
Genome-wide identification and characterization of Glutathione S-Transferases (GSTs) and their expression profile under abiotic stresses in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)
Authors: Mo Zejun , Huang Ying , Pu Tianxiunan , Duan Lili , Pi Kai , Luo Jiajun , Long Benshan , Lu Anbin , Liu Renxiang
Published: June 2023

Background

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are large and multifunctional proteases that play an important role in detoxification, protection against biotic and abiotic stresses, and secondary metabolite transportation which is essential for plant growth and development. However, there is limited research on the identification and function of NtGSTs.

Results

This study uses K326 and other six tobacco varieties (Hongda, HG, GDH11, Va116, VG, and GDH88) as materials to conduct comprehensive genome-wide identification and functional characterization of the GST gene in tobacco. A total of 59 NtGSTs were identified and classified into seven subfamilies via the whole-genome sequence analysis, with the Tau type serving as the major subfamily. The NtGSTs in the same branch of the evolutionary tree had similar exon/intron structure and motif constitution. There were more than 42 collinear blocks between tobacco and pepper, tomato, and potato, indicating high homology conservation between them. Twelve segmental duplicated gene pairs and one tandem duplication may have had a substantial impact on the evolution and expansion of the tobacco GST gene family. The RT-qPCR results showed that the expression patterns of NtGSTs varied significantly among tissues, varieties, and multiple abiotic stresses, suggesting that NtGST genes may widely respond to various abiotic stresses and hormones in tobacco, including NtGSTF4, NtGSTL1, NtGSTZ1, and NtGSTU40.

Conclusions

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the NtGST gene family, including structures and functions. Many NtGSTs play a critical regulatory role in tobacco growth and development, and responses to abiotic stresses. These findings offer novel and valuable insights for understanding the biological function of NtGSTs and the reference materials for cultivating highly resistant varieties and enhancing the yield and quality of crops.
The effect of LED light quality on the carotenoid metabolism and related gene expression in the genus Brassica
Authors: Frede Katja , Winkelmann Sara , Busse Linda , Baldermann Susanne
Published: June 2023

Background

New vegetable production systems, such as vertical farming, but also well-established in-door production methods led to the implementation of light emitting diodes (LEDs). LEDs are the most important light sources in modern indoor-production systems and offer the possibility for enhancing growth and specific metabolites in planta. Even though the number of studies investigating the effects of LED lighting on vegetable quality has increased, the knowledge about genus variability is limited. In the present study, the effect of different LED spectra on the metabolic and transcriptional level of the carotenoid metabolism in five different Brassica sprouts was investigated. Cruciferous vegetables are one of the main food crops worldwide. Pak choi (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis), cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis), green kale (Brassica oleracea ssp. sabellica) and turnip cabbage (Brassica oleracea spp. gongylodes) sprouts were grown under a combination of blue & white LEDs, red & white LEDs or only white LEDs to elucidate the genus-specific carotenoid metabolism.

Results

Genus-specific changes in plant weight and on the photosynthetic pigment levels as well as transcript levels have been detected. Interestingly, the transcript levels of the three investigated carotenoid biosynthesis genes phytoene synthase (PSY), β-cyclase (βLCY) and β-carotene hydroxylase (βOHASE1) were increased under the combination of blue & white LEDs in the majority of the Brassica sprouts. However, only in pak choi, the combination of blue & white LEDs enhanced the carotenoid levels by 14% in comparison to only white LEDs and by ~ 19% in comparison to red & white LEDs.

Conclusions

The effects of light quality differ within a genus which leads to the conclusion that production strategies have to be developed for individual species and cultivars to fully benefit from LED technology.
Heparin-resistance in AL amyloidosis: a case report
Authors: van Ede Elisabeth S. , Hoeks Marlijn P. A. , Hofland Jan , Linssen Vera D. , van Kuppevelt Toin H. , Versteeg Elly M. , Hafmans Theo G. , Diepstra Arjan , Kusters Benno , Vermorgen Sanne M. M.
Published: June 2023

Background

Non-AT-III mediated heparin-resistance during CPB occurs by complex-forming with heparin-binding proteins. Currently, there are no specific recommendations for non-AT-III mediated heparin-resistance.

Case presentation

We present a fatal case of a 70-yr-old male-patient undergoing cardiac-surgery in which refractory heparin-resistance was observed. The massive AL amyloidosis found at autopsy is thought to be responsible and illustrates that awareness and knowledge of the etiology and perioperative strategies of non-AT-III mediated heparin-resistance is important.

Conclusion

For anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in case of a non-AT-III medicated heparin resistance, we refer to the decision tree added to this manuscript and if necessary to consider direct thrombin inhibitors, such as bivalirudin or argatroban, as it bypasses the complexing pathway.