bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Model based design of a turbo-compound bottomed to internal combustion engine exhaust gas
Authors: Prospero Federico Di , Battista Davide Di , Cipollone Roberto
Published: December 2024

The transportation sector is living a new era, where the conventional powertrains based on thermal engines are flanked by innovative ones, based on electric and hybrid systems. This revolutionizes the behaviour and the driving habits, as well as the figure of the whole propulsive system, which should integrate different energy sources on board and the energy demand for propulsion, auxiliaries, ancillary components, vehicle needs, etc. But, for heavy-duty vehicles, it is very difficult to abandon in the short and mean term the reciprocating combustion engine technology. Also, for passenger cars and light duty vehicles, the pure electric propulsion seems to put in more evidence limits not only technological. In this panorama, the development of very high efficiency engines is mandatory to fit the emissions targets, both referred to pollutant emission and CO2. In this regard, waste heat recovery into mechanical or electrical energy is one of the most promising options to reduce fuel consumption. It is of particular interest for heavy duty engines, where the operation does not suffer so much the transient phases, and hybrid powertrains, where the energy recovered can be stored in electrical form and used for all the necessities of the vehicles. In this paper, a waste heat recovery system based on an additional turbine placed in the exhaust line of a turbocharged internal combustion engine has been studied. The auxiliary turbine is designed thanks to a model-based approach. The performance map of the turbine has been calculated referring to the thermodynamic conditions of the engine exhaust gases as input parameters. The so-designed component is then integrated with an engine model, and the benefits of a turbo-compound technology bottomed to the engine were assessed. In this way, the potential power recoverable from the turbine is evaluated under design and off-design conditions. The integration with engine model allowed to estimate the side effects related to backpressure increase on the engine exhaust manifold (which leads to an overconsumption or an underrating of the engine torque), as well as the equilibrium change on the turbocharger shaft. Definitively, the final overall engine performances are assessed including the need for a bypass which, in certain engine working conditions, must exclude the recovery.
Model based design and optimization of a shaft cooling for automotive electric motor
Authors: Deriszadeh A. , Di Battista D. , Di Giovine G. , Cipollone R.
Published: December 2024

The on-the-road transportation sector is living a strong transition era, shifting from a technology massively based on internal combustion engines (ICEs) toward electric powertrains. Even though the electrification of vehicles as it is presented today still deserves an in-depth analysis for many reasons not only technological, a share of pure electric vehicles in the future will be present on the market, but reoriented to an urban use where a strong reduction of the harmful pollutants is needed. Within this aim, the improvement of the electric motor reliability, operability, safety, continuity of operation, and peak power delivery as well as the integration of them into the powertrain with the ICE technology is particularly required. Electric motor thermal management influences all the mentioned aspects. Electric motor cooling is usually realized with cooling jackets inside the stator. However, when the specific power (kW/m3) increases (as it is needed for the automotive electric traction), the rotor also requires an intensive cooling introducing some additional complexities. This can be done by cooling the shaft of the rotor via a dedicated inner fluid circulation contributing to keep the electric motor performance closer to the rated conditions.

In this paper, a liquid cooling of the shaft on an electric traction motor has been studied thanks to a Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model and under variable boundary conditions. The cooling can be realized with a double concentric tube in the shaft: the first is fixed, and the second one rotates with the rotor. This concept requires a dedicated mechanical sealing system which ensures fluid sealing. The model has been used to enhance the heat transfer coefficient in order to approach rotor temperature to the one of the cooling fluids. With reference to different operating cooling conditions and designs, the temperatures of the rotor have been predicted also considering different fluids, and geometrical design choices of the cooling double pipe. The proposed design solution reduced the rotor temperature by 30°C compared to a baseline rotor cooling system represented by a simple direct-through cooling passage.
Diagnosis of mechanical faults in high-voltage grid disconnect
Authors: Zhu Kun , Fu Liyou
Published: December 2024

A new mechanical fault diagnosis method for high-voltage isolation switches in power grids is proposed, which often leads to mechanical faults such as bearing jamming and inadequate action, resulting in inaccurate fault signal characteristic values and poor diagnostic results. Based on the characteristic values of vibration signals when mechanical failures occur, we draw a torque angle detection curve and compare it with the curve changes under normal operating conditions to achieve an accurate diagnosis of mechanical failures. The experimental results demonstrate that the mechanical fault diagnosis results of the designed method are consistent with reality, indicating that this method can effectively detect mechanical faults in high-voltage isolation switches in the power grid and has good diagnostic performance.
The separation theorem for mean-field linear quadratic optimal control problem with partial information
Authors: Song Hairong
Published: December 2024

We investigate the separation principle for a class of mean-field stochastic optimal control problems with partial information, where the linear stochastic dynamic system is observed through a linear noisy channel. In our model, the time inconsistency caused by the mean-field terms makes the dynamic programming principle (DPP) inapplicable, which immediately leads to difficulties in deriving the separation principle. Utilizing the optimal filtering equations in several dimensions, we can transform the stochastic optimal control problem with partial information into one with complete details. Subsequently, the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation that can solve the optimal control is obtained with the support of the dynamic programming principle. The separation principle for solving the optimal control of the original problem is derived.
A primary joint frequency regulation strategy for wind-thermal-storage systems considering frequency regulation deadband
Authors: Zhu Zimin , Duan Yu , Zao Weihong , Liu Zhen , Tang Junyi , Guo Jiahao , Ma Xing
Published: December 2024

For the issue of system frequency stability in low-inertia regions, a primary joint frequency regulation strategy for wind-thermal-storage systems considering frequency regulation deadbands is proposed. First, a system frequency response model incorporating wind-storage frequency regulation deadbands is constructed to analyze the dynamic impact of deadband variations on grid frequency. Next, the timing of frequency regulation actions in the wind-storage system is determined by manually setting the frequency regulation deadband. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is validated using a large disturbance excitation method.
Synchronization of a nonlinear 4D hyperchaotic system using linear feedback control strategy
Authors: Ding Yanfeng , Cai Guoliang , Shi Wenjun
Published: December 2024

This paper uses a linear feedback control strategy to discuss the synchronization analysis of the nonlinear 4D hyperchaotic system. Targeting four control schemes, namely four, three, two, and one simple linear feedback controller, respectively, the synchronization of this hyperchaotic system was achieved through the Backstepping method. By using some simpler controllers, global asymptotic synchronization has been achieved. Among these four schemes, sufficient conditions for the synchronization of two identical hyperchaotic systems were derived using linear feedback control and the Lyapunov stability theorem. Finally, these results were validated through numerical simulation examples, demonstrating the correctness and effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.
Operation strategy and capacity optimization of wind-solar hydrogen storage system considering the characteristics of electric hydrogen production
Authors: Pu Yu , Song Tao , Cao Bin
Published: December 2024

Wind and solar power for hydrogen production can convert fluctuating renewable energy into high-quality hydrogen, but their intermittency leads to frequent starts and stops of electrolyzers and low integration rates of renewable energy. This study proposes operational strategies and capacity optimization methods for a hybrid hydrogen production system BY using alkaline electrolyzers (AEL) and proton exchange membrane electrolyzers (PEMEL). Compared to conventional approaches, the optimization achieves an increase in hydrogen production and a reduction in power fluctuations, offering insights for enhancing the coordinated operation of wind-solar hydrogen production systems.
High-precision positioning system for composite robots based on visual feedback
Authors: Wen Kangquan , Wu Liming , Wang Chunpeng , Zhang Qiaofen , Zeng Jiaqi , Huang Guanxi
Published: December 2024

Composite robots, which integrate robotic arms with Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs), offer flexibility but face challenges due to insufficient navigation precision. To address this issue, this paper proposes a high-precision positioning system for composite robots based on visual feedback. First, the system constructs an environment map and performs path planning through LiDAR to realize preliminary navigation. Due to the limited localization accuracy of LiDAR, the system introduces a visual feedback mechanism after the robot arrives at the target point, acquires the position information of markers in real-time through the camera, and precisely adjusts the end-effector so that it actually achieves the absolute positioning accuracy of the robotic arm. This method is equal to the end positioning accuracy of the robotic arm after compensation when the absolute positioning accuracy of the robotic arm is 0.2mm. This system holds significant potential in industrial automation, particularly in scenarios requiring high-precision operations, and provides critical support for enhancing production efficiency and product quality.
Design of an FPGA-accelerated real-time gaze estimation system
Authors: Wu Jinjun , Han Peng
Published: December 2024

Real-time gaze estimation has extensive applications in various fields, such as smart classrooms, advertising analysis, and smart homes. With the continuous maturation of neural network technology, gaze estimation under large models can achieve excellent accuracy and speed, but it requires high-computing processors, which results in overly large devices, thereby limiting the application scope of gaze estimation. Deploying a real-time gaze estimation system onto edge devices, albeit with a slight compromise in accuracy to ensure real-time performance, significantly enhances the practical value of estimation. This paper deeply integrates gaze estimation algorithms with FPGA by leveraging block-wise convolution and fusing single convolutions to address the limited on-chip memory of FPGA, thereby improving the parallelism of model inference. As a result, we achieved 32 frames per second on the ZYNQ7035 processor with an average power consumption of 6.4 watts.
Pulse eddy current testing of corrosion defects in pipelines with insulation layer based on U-shaped sensors
Authors: Cao Aisong
Published: December 2024

In response to the insufficient detection ability of CUI in pipelines, based on U-shaped sensors, combined with the wide spectrum and non-contact characteristics of pulse eddy current detection technology, the area and depth of corrosion defects on the outer wall of pipelines can be effectively detected without removing the insulation. Simulation and experimental research are conducted on the outer wall defects of carbon steel test tubes with insulation layers. The simulation results show that the excitation magnetic field generated by the U-shaped sensor can effectively penetrate the inner wall of the pipeline, and the two signal-receiving coils of the U-shaped sensor will generate significant characteristic signals when passing through defects. The detection voltage position curve is obtained by applying the voltage distribution analysis method, and the characteristic signal length is the defect length. The experimental results show that when the detection sensor passes through and leaves the defect, the detection voltage distribution curve will generate a significant voltage drop characteristic signal, and the distance between the measurement points is consistent with the length of the defect. The experimental results are highly consistent with the simulation results.
A multi time scale flexible operation and consumption method for new energy generation considering load elasticity
Authors: Huang He , Yu Aihua , Song Jin , Zhang Nan
Published: December 2024

The proportion of new energy in the power system continues to increase, but the intermittent and fluctuating characteristics also bring serious challenges to the stable operation of the power grid. In order to more effectively utilize new energy generation, this paper proposes a multi time scale flexible scheduling strategy that combines load elasticity, aiming to optimize the consumption of new energy and the operation of the power grid. This method analyzes the influencing factors of load elasticity, establishes a load elasticity model, and combines predictive and real-time data of new energy generation to develop a flexible operation strategy at multiple time scales. By optimizing scheduling and real-time control, while ensuring the stable operation of the power grid, we propose a strategy aimed at achieving efficient utilization of new energy generation. After experimental verification, this strategy is not only effective, but also demonstrates good adaptability in practical applications.
The combustion biased dual cross-limited control strategy for industrial boiler furnaces
Authors: Liu Bao , Pan Yulong , Wang Zaiying
Published: December 2024

The combustion process in boilers is a crucial aspect of industrial boiler operation, and the quality of this process is closely related to the industrial boiler’s operational efficiency and pollutant emissions. This paper focuses on furnace combustion control within the industrial boiler control system and proposes an improved variable bias control method to address the issues associated with over-oxygen and oxygen-deficient combustion, which are prevalent in current double-closed-loop cascade proportional control technologies. First, the working principle of the variable bias double cross-limit combustion process is analyzed, and the variable bias cross-limit combustion control system is designed. Second, by introducing a bias variable, the paper addresses the problem that fixed bias parameters in the double cross-limit control system cannot accommodate the variable loading and rapid response requirements. Finally, the range of bias coefficients is estimated using the trial-and-error method. Experimental results demonstrate that the variable bias double cross-limit control strategy resolves the issues of oxygen deficiency and over-oxygen combustion, along with the slow response speed of conventional combustion control modes, enhances fuel heat utilization efficiency, and reduces pollutant and harmful gas emissions.
The application and optimization of scene reduction algorithm in integrated prediction of wind and photovoltaic energy
Authors: Zhang Tao , Yang Ligang , Zhu Ruijin , Yuan Chao
Published: December 2024

Wind power and photovoltaic energy, as the most representative clean energy sources, have experienced rapid development. However, they are highly dependent on meteorological conditions and have poor predictability, posing a significant challenge for the integrated forecasting of wind power and photovoltaic energy. This paper investigates a scenario reduction algorithm based on Latin hypercube sampling and probability distribution to optimize the integrated forecasting of wind power and photovoltaic energy. By generating a large number of wind power and photovoltaic scenarios and utilizing Euclidean distance and probability distribution calculations, the scenarios are streamlined. The algorithm is implemented in MATLAB, and the effectiveness and superiority of the algorithm are demonstrated through detailed experiments and plots.
A method for calculating the allowable crack size of the main pipeline for a certain PWR
Authors: Chen Zhangxing , Zhang Xuesheng , Zhou Zhou
Published: December 2024

To determine the allowable crack size of the main coolant pipeline, the FEM method was first utilized to perform the stress distribution analysis on the main coolant pipeline under conditions such as pressure tests, normal operation conditions, plus safe shutdown earthquake load. The maximum stress intensity at the weld of the main coolant pipeline was obtained by using theoretical formulas. Subsequently, the NRC ring-shaped crack pipe analysis method based on plastic fracture theory was performed to calculate the critical size of semi-elliptical cracks on the inner surface of the pipe under different conditions. Finally, based on the stress intensity calculation results and fatigue crack propagation, the amount of expansion of standard postulated semi-elliptical cracks on the inner surface of the pipe over a 40-year lifetime was calculated. The results show that within the 40-year lifetime, the size of the postulated initial crack plus expansion is far smaller than the corresponding critical crack size. It can be considered that the postulated initial crack will not lead to fatigue failure of the pipe, and thus, the initial crack size used in fatigue crack expansion calculations can be considered as the allowable crack size for the pipe. In this paper, the cold leg of the main coolant pipeline in a certain nuclear power plant was studied.
Research on hull curved plate surface flattening method based on Dijkstra search and compass intersection solving
Authors: Liu Yuqi , Zhai Yayu , Wang Yinghua
Published: December 2024

The change of the surface curvature during the line heating forming process of ship outer plates changes the spatial position of frame lines on the surface, which makes it challenging to locate the position of frame lines during the digital plate-forming inspection. It is necessary to establish the mapping between the frame line data of complex surface shape and the corresponding data in the two-dimensional flattening state with the help of surface flattening algorithms, so as to obtain the spatial position of the frame line data of outer plates in the actual forming state. A Dijkstra-compass intersection-solving algorithm is proposed to achieve surface flattening of ship outer plates. Firstly, the point cloud data of the outer plate shape surface is interpolated and fitted by NURBS to obtain the surface data of the outer plate. Then, the Dijkstra search algorithm is used to find the geodesic, and the frame line curvature is calculated according to the triangular similarity law. Finally, the geodesic line and the middle frame line are expanded, and the surface flattening data is obtained by further expanding the mesh points. This method is used to flatten the cylindrical and circular table surfaces, and the flattening error is less than 3mm compared with theoretical values. The test results show that the proposed method can effectively flatten the three-dimensional surface of the ship’s outer plates, and the deployment accuracy meets the actual use requirements.
Optimized design of measurement wiring for multi-beam bathymetric system based on geometric modeling
Authors: Wan Ziying , Li Jiaying , Wei Lai
Published: December 2024

In this paper, by establishing a mathematical model of the coverage width of the multi-beam bathymetric system and the overlap rate between adjacent strips, and combining it with a computer language program, several unknown quantities, such as the coverage width of the multi-beam bathymetric strips, the opening angle of the multi-beam transducer, and the overlap rate with the previous line of measurement, were accurately calculated. In addition, the study extended the model with optimization and in-depth analysis to determine the shortest measurement length of the multi-beam survey vessel. Finally, the validity and accuracy of the model in actual measurements are verified by testing the model. The model improves the working efficiency and measurement accuracy of the bathymetric system and provides an important theoretical basis for future marine scientific research.
Spread spectrum encode watermark algorithm in document images
Authors: Xu Jianing , Xu Xin , Zhu Xiaoqiang
Published: December 2024

This paper introduces a document image watermarking algorithm based on spread spectrum coding patterns. The algorithm firstly encodes the watermark information to be hidden using spread spectrum coding patterns to generate watermark code blocks. These watermark codes are characterized by their robustness against tampering, difficulty to forge, and ease of recognition. The watermark information is then embedded by fine-tuning the corresponding pixels in the B channel, achieving the imperceptibility of the watermark. During the decoding process, the document images are subjected to obtain the linear characteristics, and the Hough transform is used to correct the document image. Experimental results show that this method has strong robustness against most noise attacks and can handle certain scenarios of rotation and occlusion, making it suitable for fields such as copyright protection. Patterns
A hybrid graph-spatial spectral transformer framework for hyperspectral image analysis
Authors: Butt Imtiaz Ahmed , Bo Li , Qutab Irfan , Butt Riaz Ahmad , Fatima Unaiza , Arif Muhammad Ammaz
Published: December 2024

Hyperspectral Image Classification (HSIC) is proving challenging because of the data’s huge dimensionality and the intricate link between spectral and spatial information. This study introduces a new approach called the Hybrid Graph-Spatial Spectral Transformer, which aims to address these issues. This approach combines the benefits of graph-based algorithms with spatial-spectral transformers. Regarding this matter, it regards HSI characteristics as a graph structure, where each node represents a single pixel and edges denote spectral similarity. This enables complete integration of the two dimensions. The sophisticated attention mechanism in this model enables the acquisition of comprehensive spatial-spectral representations, hence improving the accuracy of class differentiation. Furthermore, the model excels at capturing extensive connections between different spectral bands, allowing for a more profound understanding of the complex relationships within hyperspectral imaging (HSI) data. The capacity to flexibly modify attention weights across various spectral resolutions enhances its flexibility and accuracy. Empirical findings using established hyperspectral imaging (HSI) datasets consistently demonstrate that this model consistently surpasses current state-of-the-art methods, leading to a substantial increase in classification accuracy.
The bioaccumulation of heavy metal on Tilapiah (Oreochromis niloticus) on traditional tidal ponds for aquaculture in the vicinity of the Terjun landfill in Medan
Authors: Harpah N , Egidia V , Manalu S P , Sari Y A , Herlina N , Anggraini D , Fadhila
Published: December 2024

This study conducted in an aquaculture area near the Terjun landfill, an open dumping system in the Medan Marelan District. The objective of this study is to examine the levels of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in fish and water, and to determine the bio-concentration capacity of these metals in tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) throughout both the wet and dry seasons. Water samples were collected from each pond as well as from tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus). The sampling method for water and fish is based on the Indonesian National Standard. Analytical assessment of the presence of metal in both the water and meat of tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) was conducted utilising atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The research findings indicate that the water quality in the pond water has surpassed the water quality standards of PP No. 22 of 2022. The levels of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) meat are also higher than what is allowed. Furthermore, the results of the BCF study indicate that tilapia’s bioconcentration factor (BCF) for Pb metal exceeds that of Cd metal. Furthermore, the season has a significant impact on tilapia’s BCF (bioconcentration factor) for metals such as Pb (lead) and Cd (cadmium), with the highest BCF value observed during the dry season. The difference is caused by variations in the water solubility of the metals Pd and Cd, as well as the duration of time that the fish are exposed to the metals.
Sustainability analysis of cassava through mix organic with chemical fertilization system and the impact on farmer’s income in Dan Khun Thot, Nakorn Ratchasima Province, Thailand
Authors: Sabirin  , Darussalam A , Pramana Y S , Pudjianto K , Sari D P , Musa  , Putra O N , Supriyanti A
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on assessing cassava’s sustainability through implementing a mixed fertilization system, combining organic and chemical fertilizers. The study will also evaluate how this system impacts the income of farmers in Dan Khun Thot, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand. Cassava is notorious for its voracious nutrient absorption, and without sustainable cultivation management, it can lead to soil infertility. Understanding and implementing sustainable practices is vital for the long-term success of cassava farming and the financial well-being of farmers. Survey methods including interviews, matrix ranking, working calendar, soil test, implementation, and observation conducted this research. Based on a survey of 50 farmers from 5 villages in Dan Kun Thot (Ban Wang Paru Ngam, Ban NonSa-Ard, Ban Sub Prai, Ban Huay Bong, and Ban Pa Rung Ngam), it was found that 23% of the farmers used mixed fertilization and achieved a productivity of 4,021.7 kg/rai (1 rai = 0.16 ha). On the other hand, 27% of the farmers used non-mixed fertilization and achieved a lower productivity of 3,253.7 kg/rai, which is a 23.6% increase the implementation of mixed fertilization also increased farmers’ income by 28.45%, even though the total production cost increased by 10.25%.
The role of Acacia crassicarpa plantation forest in Peatland in reducing CO2 emissions
Authors: Ratnaningsih A T , Sukendi  , Thamrin  , Nasul B
Published: December 2024

Acacia crassicarpa is a fast-growing plant on peatlands that is capable of binding atmospheric CO2 and storing it in carbon. The study aims to calculate carbon stocks in Acacia crassicarpa plantations and their potential to absorb atmospheric CO2. The research was performed in an industrial plantation forest in Siak Regency, Riau Province. The observation plots employed stratified random sampling by measuring the height and diameter of Acacia crassicarpa aged 12, 24, 36 and 42 months, as well as the biomass of undergrowth and litter. Stored carbon was estimated by calculating tree biomass through the approach of specific gravity and trees volume, while for understory plants and litter was based on their dry weight. The results exhibited that Acacia crassicarpa aged 12, 24, 36 and 42 months had carbon stocks of 4.14 tons/ha, 18.55 tons/ha, 43.82 tons/ha and 69.39 tons/ha. The ability of the stand to absorb CO2 in the atmosphere is 15.23 tons/ha, 68.08 tons/ha, 160.81 tons/ha, and 254.67 tons/ha. The potential carbon stored in the understory stands at 0.64 tons/ha, 0.79 tons/ha, 0.85 tons/ha, and 0.86 tons/ha. The carbon stored in litter is 0.80 tons/ha, 1.27 tons/ha, 1.49 tons/ha, and 1.5 tons/ha.
Increasing shallot production with chitosan application to support food resilience in dry climate areas
Authors: Rahmawati N , Siahaan S
Published: December 2024

Shallots are an important ingredient in many dishes around the world, but their production can be challenging, especially in dry climates. Efforts to increase shallot production are carried out by applying chitosan which can increase plant resistance in drought conditions. This research aims to analysed the effect of concentration and time interval of chitosan administration on the growth and production of shallots in dry climate areas. The research design used was a randomized block design with two factors, namely chitosan concentration (0; 1; 2 and 3 g/L) and application time interval (10; 15 and 20 days). The study was conducted in 2023 between April and August at the research area of the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency in Sampali Village, Deli Serdang Regency. The research results showed that the chitosan concentration had a noteworthy impact on the growth of leaves., while the interaction of concentration and application time interval significantly impacted the growth of the tuber’s diameter and dry weight. To increase shallot production in dry climates, it is recommended to use a 2 g/L concentration of chitosan an application interval of every 20 days.
Analysis of organic chemical compounds in Moringa oleifera L. using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method
Authors: Paat FJ , Ramadhan TS , Pinaria AG , Ogie TB , Ratag SP , Watung JF , Lengkong EF , Sompotan S , Pongoh J , Saroinsong D , Nurmawan W , Barai SA , Marimin  , Suharnoto Y
Published: December 2024

Using a unique approach, a study was adopted to identify the organic chemical content in Moringa oleifera leaves by utilizing GC-MS. The Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory of Gadjah Mada University (LPPT-UGM) conducted the research in Yogyakarta from April to June 2024, using leaf extracts of M. oleifera L. varieties from the Mapanget Barat district area of Manado City, North Sulawesi Province. The chromatogram data underwent quantitative and qualitative analysis to identify and enumerate the organic molecules that comprise secondary metabolites. The analysis of the GC-MS results revealed the existence of several secondary metabolite compounds in the Moringa oleifera leaf extracts, including Decanoic acid, ethyl ester; Dodecanoic acid, ethyl ester; Neophytadiene (3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol); Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester; trans-13-octadecenoic acid (oleic acid) methyl ester; Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester; trans-13-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester; Methyl stearate; Phytol; Ethyl 9,12,15-octadecatrienoate; Eicosanoic acid, methyl ester; and Diisooctyl phthalate. These compounds are classified as terpenoids and fatty acids and have the potential for use as biopesticides, providing a sustainable solution for pest control in agriculture. The most abundant compound identified was phytol, a terpenoid, with a retention area of 14.78%. The findings suggest that M. oleifera leaves contain different secondary compounds that might be used as agricultural biopesticides.
Genetic diversity of several local gogo rice cultivars from Batang Lubu Sutam District using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) molecular markers
Authors: Wahyuni H , Alfi R , Daulay U Z , Fatoni R B M I
Published: December 2024

It is known that many farmers have abandoned local gogo rice in Padang Lawas Regency, because they have many shortcomings such as long maturity, low total grain count, and high plant height. However, in addition to its shortcomings, there are advantages such as resistance to stress. Characterization in plant breeding can be done in terms of agronomy, morphology, nutritional content, and molecular markers. Utilization through RAPD molecular markers is expected to identify characteristics of gogo rice plants so that genetic improvement can be carried out. This study aims to determine the diversity of genetic information of gogo rice from Padang Lawas Regency based on RAPD molecular markers. This study was conducted from October 2023 to April 2024. The genetic material in this study was 14 local gogo rice cultivars introduced. Samples of gogo rice cultivars were isolated and amplified using 2 RAPD primers, namely OPB 7 and OPD 2. The UPGMA cluster analysis method and PCoA analysis used MVSP software version 3.2. The results of amplification with 5 RAPD primers produced a percentage of polymorphic bands of 100%. The diversity of 14 local gogo rice cultivars is included in the moderate category with a similarity coefficient of 40%.
Morphological characteristics of seeds of four genotypes M2 Indigofera zollingeriana results of radiation from gamma rays on salinized soil to support sustainable feed availability
Authors: Hutasoit R , Purba E , Ginting S P , Hanafi N D
Published: December 2024

One high-quality variety of animal feed is called Indigofera zollingeriana. need to be developed to support feed availability. Currently, its development is hampered by limited land; one solution is the use of saline land. However, it is constrained by the availability of seeds that can grow and adapt well to saline land. This study aims to evaluate the production and morphology of mutant 2 (M2) I. zollingeriana seeds resulting from gamma-ray irradiation on saline soil. The research was carried out in a randomized block design (RBD) with four treatments of the M2 I. zollingeriana genotype resulting from gamma ray irradiation, consisting of 0, 100, 200, and 300 gray and six replications. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, and if there were significant differences, they were analyzed further using the Duncuns multiple range test (DMRT) in SPSS V.25. The study findings indicated that the maximum pod weight, quantity of pods on a tree, and seed production were found in the 300 Gy treatment (22.30 g/tree). It can be concluded that the M2 generation seeds of I. zollingeriana with an irradiation treatment of 300 Gy can be recommended as a seed source for development in saline soil.
The quality of chili (Capsicum annum L.) during storage after ozone water treatment
Authors: Putri D P , Artati D , Sukarta D , Sulanjana E , Histifarina D , Ma’muri  , Anggara C E W , Kuala S I , Apriyanto I F , Widodo T W , Desnilasari D
Published: December 2024

Chili is one of the main agricultural commodities. During the peak harvest season, there is an increase in chili production, so it is necessary to apply post-harvest handling technology to maintain the quality of chili, one of which is through the application of ozone technology. The object of this study is to evaluate the quality of chili (Capsicum annum L.) during storage after ozone water treatment. The material used in this study was curly chilies; the treatments used 2 types of storage temperatures (28 °C and 3 °C) and 2 types of washing processes (soaking and spraying). Observations were made on days 0, 7, and 14. Parameters observed included weight loss, moisture content, total bacteria, and total yeast. The results showed that the total bacteria value on day 7 decreased to 1 x 105 CFU/g. The total yeast of chilies with ozone treatment showed a significant reduction in total yeast compared to the control treatment. The weight loss of control chilies and washed chilies stored at room temperature after being stored for 14 days was in the range of 29.64% to 58.94%. The highest moisture content was obtained by spray treatment and stored at 3 °C.
The effect of different drying methods on phytochemicals, antioxidant activity and functional groups of dayak onion (Eleutherine bulbosa) extract
Authors: Sirajuddin M M , Rusman  , Suryanto E
Published: December 2024

Dayak onion, prized for its phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and antioxidants, finds applications in medicine and as a functional food. However, improper drying techniques can lead to the degradation of these valuable compounds. This research investigates the phytochemical content, antioxidant activity, and functional groups of Dayak onion extracts processed through freeze-drying and oven-drying methods. Fresh Dayak onions underwent both drying procedures and were subsequently evaluated for phenolics, flavonoids, flavanols, and antioxidant activity. The findings revealed that freeze-dried extracts contained higher concentrations of these phytochemicals compared to their oven-dried counterparts. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis showed no notable differences in the primary functional groups (OH and CH) between the two drying techniques. The study concludes that higher drying temperatures diminish phytochemical content and antioxidant activity, although both freeze-drying and oven-drying maintain functional groups. These results have implications for sustainable agricultural practices, indicating that optimal drying methods can enhance the health benefits of this agricultural product, supporting its use as a natural antioxidant and antibacterial agent in food and medicine while promoting environmentally sustainable farming practices.
Factors influencing the level of adoption of organic pesticides in red chili commodities
Authors: Supriana T , Maryunianta Y , Elvandari N
Published: December 2024

Farmers generally control red chili pests and diseases using inorganic pesticides, even though they have the opportunity to cultivate organically. However, only a few farmers are interested in doing so. This study aims to analysed the factors influencing the level of organic pesticide use in the research area. The location was determined purposively or intentionally. Sampling was conducted using the census method, involving the entire population of red chili farmers in the research area, totalling 95 farmers. The data used consists of primary and secondary data. Data analysis was conducted using the scoring scale method. Hypothesis testing was carried out using classic assumption tests. Subsequent tests used multiple linear regression methods, including tests of the coefficient of determination, simultaneous tests, and partial tests. The results showed that the level of organic pesticide application is in the high category. Factors that significantly influence the adoption of organic pesticides include land area, the role of extension agents, cosmopolitan level, and risk-taking ability. In contrast, factors such as age, education level, and income do not have a significant influence.
The influence of perceived usefulness in the technology acceptance model on the success of ERP implementation to support sustainability in North Sumatra’s palm oil companies
Authors: Junaidi K , Rahmanta  , Wibowo R P
Published: December 2024

The implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning systems plays a vital role in enhancing organizational efficiency and bolstering competitive advantage. However, implementing ERP systems in North Sumatra’s palm oil companies poses a significant challenge. The present research examines the influence of perceived usefulness on the outcomes of ERP implementation in the palm oil companies. The research employed a quantitative approach, analyzing data collected through surveys from 94 ERP users. PLS Structural Equation Modeling, implemented through the Smart PLS software, served as the primary analytical framework. Data analysis demonstrated that perceived usefulness is a significant predictor of successful ERP implementation among palm oil companies in North Sumatra, with a positive relationship observed between the two variables. The implementation of ERP has facilitated sustainable management practices, enabling a transition from manual management systems towards a Gen Z management approach in the palm oil industry. Additionally, the reduction in paper usage has helped mitigate environmental impact.
Design of web based pre-production managerial information system for horticultural product farmers
Authors: Harahap L A , Ramadhani R
Published: December 2024

When carrying out farming, it is necessary to take into account the need for seeds, fertilizers or pesticides that will be used before carrying out production in order to achieve optimal productivity. However, there are still many farmers who pay little attention to this managerial issue. Therefore, this research aims to build an information system that provides a web-based pre-production managerial calculation calculator. The method used is literature study. This research uses WordPress as a CMS that helps in building the desired website. Based on the results of this research, a web-based information system for calculating seed, fertilizer and specific needs has been successfully established and can run well. In building the counting system using the Counted Field Form feature version 1.2.10. Then on this website there is a Home Menu with submenus Calculate Seed Needs, Calculate Fertilizer Needs, and Calculate Pesticide Needs, Food Crops Menu with submenus Rice, Corn, Sorghum, Soybeans, Green Beans, Peanuts, Potatoes, Sago and Sweet Potatoes, Menu Fertilizer Info, and Pesticide Menu Info.
Study of Variations in Light Intensity and Length of Light Emitting Diode on the Growth and Productivity of Pak Choi Plants
Authors: Sigalingging R , Ritonga R A
Published: December 2024

Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps are a type of lamp that can be used as a light source for plants. The colour of the light that is suitable for plant growth needs to be determined precisely to obtain optimal growth and productivity of Pak Choi (Brassica rapa L.). This research aims to obtain the best light intensity and duration of exposure to white LED grow lights for the growth and productivity of Pak Choi plants using rock wool as a growing medium. This research was conducted using experimental methods and a factorial completely randomised design (CRD). The first factor is the treatment of light intensity of 14 watts (I1), light intensity of 28 watts (I2) and light intensity of 42 watts (I3). The second factor is 10 hours of exposure (T1), 12 hours of exposure (T2) and 14 hours of exposure (T3). The research results showed that with a light intensity of 42 watts and a light duration of 14 hours, the best results were obtained for the parameters of chlorophyll content, plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, photosynthesis analysis and harvest index.
Fisheries-based ecotourism development in Singkil swamp wildlife reserve
Authors: Rohim N , Sulistiono  , Yulianda F , Muhtadi A , Rahmadani F
Published: December 2024

The Singkil Swamp Wildlife Reserve (SSWR) is the wildlife sanctuary located in Aceh Singkil Regency, Aceh Province. Being a peatland area, SSWR’s primary duties include maintaining biodiversity, safeguarding and balancing water systems, and storing carbon stores to maintain ecosystem function. In developing SSWR as a tourist area, it is important to follow management procedures. Tourism products should be oriented towards environmental preservation and community welfare. Analyzing the waters resources’ compatibility and the SSWR area’s carrying capacity for ecotourism development is the goal of this study. The research involved field and laboratory observation conducted monthly from April to October 2021 in the SSWR utilisation area at 5 stations, including the Alas-Singkil River and the Lae-Treup River. The study found that fishing tourism activities are very suitable at stations III, IV, and V, suitable at station I, and not suitable at station II. However, river track tourism was found to be appropriate at each station. The regional carrying capacity value for fishing tourism is 1310 people/day for fishing ecotourism and 786 for river track ecotourism. The management of fishery-based ecotourism must maintain the sustainability of fish resources.
Seaweed farming households and their livelihood strategies in North Buton, Indonesia
Authors: Aslan L O M , Rahim M , Taridala S A A , Munier M T , Sifatu W O , Sangkia F D
Published: December 2024

There is limited information on the livelihood strategies practiced by seaweed farmers in Southeast (SE) Sulawesi. This study aims to describe the livelihood strategies of seaweed farmers in Langere village, North Buton district, SE Sulawesi, Indonesia as they cope with poverty by cultivating and producing seaweed. A three-stage approach was applied to determine the impact of seaweed culture on the livelihood strategies of seaweed farmers. This was followed by in-depth interviews with formal and informal community leaders in the village, officials from government agencies, and selected households. The data were then analyzed descriptively. The results of the study suggested that farmers used various strategies, such as common culture practices, fishing, and non-fishery activities. Furthermore, to prioritize seaweed culture in Langere as a regional priority in the fisheries sector, certain constraints and opportunities must be addressed, particularly production, fluctuating prices, market instability, institutionalization, and policy-making. These challenges must be discussed thoroughly to ensure the continuous the seaweed culture development.
Mapping potential areas offshore ecosystems blue swimming crab habitat management effort in labu beach waters, North Sumatera
Authors: Manurung V R , Nasution M , Vonna A A , Marpaung H M , Naibaho R E , Adhia F
Published: December 2024

Offshore areas in Labu Beach are a very important link in maintaining the balance of biological cycles in the waters and become a habitat for blue swimming crabs. Blue swimming crabs are mostly found in relatively shallow waters, especially those with sandy bottoms or sandy mud around the coast. The purpose of this study is to determine the management of blue swimming crab habitat through mapping potential areas offshore ecosystems in the waters of Labu Beach, North Sumatra, knowing the supporting factors for blue swimming crab habitat in the waters of Labu Beach, North Sumatra, and determine the characteristics of Blue Swimming Crab catches in the waters of Labu Beach, North Sumatra. This research was conducted for 4 months from March to June 2024 at Labu Beach, Regemuk Village, North Sumatra. This research was conducted in one locations and 3 sampling points, namely 3 station points offshore using primary and secondary data. Primary data is by field survey field, surveys in the form of potential supporting data offshore. While the data obtained from literature studies, statistical data, data on the distribution of sea surface temperature content and chlorophyll-a using MODIS satellite imagery in the Labu Beach area, Deli Serdang Regency.