bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tweet, Post, Share: Decoding Personality and Gender Effects on Social Media Self-Disclosure among University Undergraduates
Authors: Famakinde Oluwafemi P , Arowosaye Hammed  A , Uye Emmanuel E
Published: August 2024

Social media is an emerging social platform through which millions of people share information and interact with one another daily. Studies on the predictors of self-disclosure on social media tend to give varying results. Therefore, this study investigated personality traits and gender as predictors of self-disclosure on social media among university undergraduates. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design while a purposive sampling technique was used to select the study population. Data were collected from 301 undergraduates using validated questionnaires and analyzed using an independent samples t-test and multiple regression analysis at p  < 0.05 level of significance. The result showed that personality traits of extraversion, agreeableness, openness to experience, conscientiousness and neuroticism jointly predicted self-disclosure on social media among study participants. Also, the result revealed that gender significantly influences self-disclosure on social media among study participants such that female undergraduates were higher in self-disclosure on social media than their male counterparts. The study concluded that personality traits and gender are strong predictors of self-disclosure on social media among study participants.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Pendataan Keperluan Data Daerah Dalam Angka Di Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Kota Lhokseumawe
Authors: Putri Cindy Anindia , Sahputra Ilham , Razif Razif
Published: August 2024

Pengumpulan, pengolahan, dan penyebaran data statistik di Indonesia dilakukan oleh Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). Di tingkat kabupaten/kota terdapat Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Kota Lhokseumawe memiliki peran penting dalam menyediakan data yang diperlukan untuk perencanaan pembangunan sektoral maupun lintas sektoral. Kegiatan pendataan ini pada umumnya dilakukan dengan cara manual tanpa menggunakan sistem terkomputerisasi. Hal ini akan menjadi sebuah masalah saat dimana organisasi tumbuh besar dengan anggota dalam jumlah semakin banyak. Sama halnya yang terjadi dalam pengumpulan Data Daerah Dalam Data (DDA) pada Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Lhokseumawe yang masih dilakukan dengan cara mendatangi satu persatu instansi/dinas/PT sehingga memerlukan waktu dan tenaga yang cukup besar. Untuk itu perlu untuk meluncurkan sebuah situs web khusus yang menyediakan wadah untuk mengelola dan mengumpulkan data daerah dalam angka secara mudah dan cepat. Pembentukan website dengan memanfaatkan analisis menggunakan diagram dan bahasa pemograman PHP dan HTML diharapkan dapat memudahkan Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Lhokseumawe dalam mengolah data daerah dalam angka dinas/lembaga/instansi. Hasil dari laporan ini menunjukan keberhasilan dalam membangun sebuah website untuk keperluan data daerah dalam angka dengan memiliki fitur fitur yang memudahkan dalam pengumpulan data serta tersedia fitur umpan balik agar bisa memberikan perbaikan untuk website. Dan hasil pengujian menggunakan black box testing menunjukkan bahwa semua fungsi berjalan sesuai dengan hasil yang diharapkan.
A RETROSPECTION ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA FROM COLONIAL TIMES TO 1991 AD
Authors: Yadav Kanishka , Mishra Satendra Kumar
Published: August 2024

This study undertakes a comprehensive retrospection of India's economic development from colonial times up to 1991, which marks the commencement of significant economic reforms. During the colonial era, India's economy was characterised by deindustrialization, exploitation of resources, and a focus on agricultural production for export, leading to economic stagnation and impoverishment. Post-independence, India's economic trajectory was shaped by adopting Nehruvian socialism, characterized by state-led industrialization, strategic Five-Year Plans, and significant agrarian reforms aimed at reducing inequality and promoting self-reliance.The Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956, often referred to as India's 'Economic Constitution, 'laid the groundwork for a mixed economy, emphasizing the development of heavy industries, expansion of the public sector, and cooperative sector growth. However, despite these efforts, the economy faced challenges such as inefficiency, slow growth, and resource misallocation. The economic landscape underwent a paradigm shift with the introduction of the New Industrial Policy of 1991, which marked a transition from a planned economy to a market-oriented one. This policy ushered in an era of liberalization, privatization, and globalization, aiming to correct structural distortions, enhance productivity, and integrate India into the global economy. Key reforms included the abolition of industrial licensing, encouragement of foreign direct investment, and deregulation of public enterprises, fundamentally transforming India's economic environment.This retrospection highlights the evolution of India's economic policies and their impacts, underscoring the interplay between state intervention and market mechanisms in shaping the nation's development. The study provides a critical analysis of policy shifts, their socioeconomic implications, and the foundational changes that set the stage for India's subsequent economic growth.
Vocabulary learning through an online computerized flashcard site
Authors: McLean Stuart , Hogg Nicholas , Rush Thomas W.
Published: August 2024

Recent research has shown that paired associate learning is an effective way to acquire second language vocabulary. However, much research in the field has measured small-scale vocabulary learning. This is due to the methods which learners used to conduct paired-associate learning: paper flash cards. This project sought to measure vocabulary growth over one academic year to determine what can be learned through an online flashcard website. Using three groups, one control and two two hour treatment groups, learners completed vocabulary size pretests at the beginning of the study and posttests after one year of weekly online flashcard site use. The gains were statistically significant, and suggest that weekly flashcard site use may increase vocabulary sizes as measured using the Vocabulary Size Test (Nation & Beglar, 2007).
A principled approach to utilizing digital games in the language learning classroom
Authors: Baierschmidt Jared
Published: August 2024

Empirical research into the use of digital games for educational purposes has shown promising results such as increased learner motivation, improved learner retention of information, and increased learner interest in subject matter. Furthermore, in the field of language learning, digital games have been used successfully in a variety of ways such as improving learners’ vocabulary acquisition, raising learners’ awareness of audience in writing, and increasing learners’ willingness to communicate. However, not all of the research into the use of digital games for language learning is positive; in some instances, the use of games can actually interfere with language acquisition. This paper will first briefly examine the potential benefits and risks of using digital games in the language classroom. Next, three principles for deploying digital games effectively in the classroom will be presented and discussed. These principles, synthesized from published empirical research into the use of games for educational purposes, are guidelines educators can follow to help ensure that learning objectives are met when utilizing digital games. Use of these principles will be illustrated with examples from published research articles.
Autonomous language learning with technology
Authors: Forsythe Edward
Published: August 2024

Japan’s Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) wants English language education to be more communicative. Japanese teachers of English (JTEs) need to adapt their instructional practices to meet this goal; however, they may not feel confident enough to teach speaking themselves. Using technology, JTEs have the ability to interact with native speakers around the world when it’s convenient for them. Three of the available tools are discussed in this article with specifics on how to use them for autonomous language learning and finding partners to practice speaking English. Taking advantage of these tools will build JTEs’ confidence and English abilities, and will allow them to better instruct students communicatively.
Phosphorus Fractionation in The Sediment of Kendari Bay, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Rohaeti Eti , Santoso Arianto Budi , Rafi Mohamad
Published: August 2024

Information about the chemical structure of the phosphorus (P) fraction in sediments is very important for identifying the bioavailability of P and eutrophication in marine ecosystems. Sediment as a source of P has an important function in P adsorption in waters. To estimate the phosphorus load in water bodies, it is required to define the fraction of phosphorus compounds. This study purposed to evaluate the composition of phosphorus speciation in sediments of Kendari Bay and evaluate their possible contributions to the eutrophication of the coastal ecosystem. P fractionation was examined by chemical extraction and sequencing methods. Sediment characterization was conducted by gravimetry, hydrometry, and spectrophotometry methods. The study result found the total P concentration in the sediment ranged from 0.30 to 0.41 mg/g. Phosphorus content in exchangeable P (Exc-P), Fe-P, Al-P, Ca-P, and organic P (OP) contributed 1.8%, 12.7%, 1.5%, 63.1%, and 21.5% of total P (TP), respectively. We found significant positive correlations between Exc-P, FeP, Al-P, and OP and finer sediment and organic matter. Exc-P and OP are bioavailability (BAP) fractions that potentially release overlying water, contributing 10–35% to TP.
Upaya Peningkatan Hasil Belajar PKn Melalui Model Jurisprudential Inquiry Berbantuan Media Pembelajaran Mading Pancasila Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Hasyda Suryadin , Suastika I Nengah , Sanjaya Dewa Bagus
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model jurisprudential inquiry berbantuan media pembelajaran mading pancasila terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah 2 tahun ajaran 2023/2024. Jenis penelitian ini penelitian adalah quasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian pretest-posstest control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah 2 Kupang, dengan sampel kelas IVA 30 siswa dan kelas IVB 30 siswa. Kelas IVA sebagai kelas kontrol dan kelas IVB sebagai kelas ekesperimen dengan mengggunakan teknik sampling purposive. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini meliputi, observasi, dokumentasi, dan tes. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistic deskriptif dan statistic inferensial untuk mengetahui uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji-t untuk menguji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian posttest diperoleh nilai uji-tpada taraf 0,05 dengan df 58 dengan taraf signifikan yaitu 0,827>0,05 sehingga dapat disimpulkan H0 di tolak H1 di terima. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada “ Pengaruh model jurisprudential inquiry berbantuan media pembelajaran mading pancasila Terhadap Hasil Belajar siswa kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah 2 Tahun Ajaran 2023/2024”.
Dampak Pembelajaran Argument Driven Inquiry Berbantuan Lembar Penugasan Terstruktur Terhadap Peningkatan Keterampilan Argumentasi Peserta Didik
Authors: Fadillah Azzahra Raihana , Suyono Suyono
Published: August 2024

Keterampilan argumentasi merupakan salah satu keterampilan yang sangat penting diterapkan dalam pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan keterampilan yang dibutuhkan pada abad 21. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran menggunakan model argument driven inquiry berbantuan lembar penugasan terstruktur dalam meningkatkan keterampilan argumentasi peserta didik. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experiment dengan desain penelitian nonequivalent control group design yang melibatkan dua kelas, yaitu sebagai kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen. Peningkatan keterampilan argumentasi peserta didik diuji menggunaka uji-t pihak kanan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan keterampilan argumentasi pada peserta didik di kelas eksperimen yang sebelum pembelajaran mendapat rata-rata nilai keterampilan argumentasi paling tinggi 80 kemudian mengalami peningkatan setelah pembelajaran dengan rata-rata nilai keterampilan argumentasi lebih tinggi dari 80. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dari hasil uji-t pihak kanan yang menunjukkan bahwa nilai p-value pretest kelas eksperimen sebesar 1,000 yang menunjukkan H0 diterima dengan hipotesis u < 80 dan nilai p-value posttest kelas eksperimen sebesar 0,013 yang menunjukkan H1 diterima dengan hipotesis u > 80. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran menggunakan model argument driven inquiry berbantuan lembar penugasan terstruktur dapat meningkatkan keterampilan argumentasi peserta didik.
The Effectiveness of Educational Games in Understanding Learning English for Kindergarten Students Bunga Bangsa School, Indonesia
Authors: Candra Kiki Irafa , Leonia Rizqy Aisyah , Suyantri Eni
Published: August 2024

Education to children is very instrumental for understanding future learning, to be able to provide understanding for children must be with a fun learning model with games. This study aims to see the effectiveness of educational games Word Scavenger Hunt on the understanding of English learning at Bunga Bangsa Kindergarten, this study uses quasi-experimental methodology with a control group and an experimental group. In addition, the students of Bunga Bangsa Kindergarten gave positive reactions to the educational games used in learning because the educational games made the learning process more fun, exciting and by incorporating educational games into English learning is an effective approach to improve learning outcomes. In addition, the media can stimulate students' desire and enthusiasm to learn English in the long run. So in conclusion, Bunga Bangsa Kindergarten students understand English learning more easily through the Word Scavenger Hunt educational game than only with the Conventional learning model.
A ESTRATÉGIA NO SISTEMA TOYOTA DE PRODUÇÃO: Uma Análise de Indicadores Chave de Desempenho
Authors: Oliveira Luan Maurílio da Silva
Published: August 2024

RESUMO
Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar os principais indicadores chave de desempenho (KPIs) no Sistema Toyota de Produção (STP), com base em uma revisão bibliográfica. O STP, desenvolvido por Taiichi Ohno, é amplamente reconhecido por sua eficiência e eficácia na gestão da produção, fundamentando-se em princípios com o propósito de eliminar possíveis desperdícios e a melhoria contínua. A metodologia utilizada neste estudo baseia-se exclusivamente na análise de obras e artigos relevantes sobre o tema, incluindo os trabalhos de Ohno (1997), Shingo (1996), Liker (2005), Pinto (2012), Cardoza (2009) e Vieira (2017). Os resultados deste estudo demostram que os KPIs contribuem num papel importante para a manutenção da excelência operacional do STP. Indicadores como a taxa de produtividade, tempo de ciclo e taxa de defeitos são essenciais para monitorar e melhorar o desempenho da produção. Cardoza (2009) e Vieira (2017) destacam a importância desses indicadores para a gestão eficiente e a evolução contínua dos processos produtivos. A análise revela que a aplicação rigorosa e sistemática dos KPIs permite à Toyota e a outras empresas que adotam o STP manter altos níveis que compreendem a eficácia e a qualidade. Conclui-se, que os KPIs são ferramentas indispensáveis no STP, possibilitando uma gestão precisa e a melhoria contínua. Este estudo fornece uma base sólida para futuras pesquisas sobre a aplicação dos KPIs em diferentes contextos industriais, contribuindo para o aprimoramento das práticas de gestão da produção.
Palavras-Chave: Sistema Toyota de Produção. Indicadores de Desempenho. Eficiência Operacional. Melhoria Contínua.
EDUCAÇÃO INTEGRAL: Compreender as concepções dos alunos e professores sobre os benefícios
Authors: Silva José Jaédson de Almeida
Published: August 2024

RESUMO
Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar as percepções dos alunos e professores sobre os benefícios da educação integral. A metodologia utilizada é descritiva, qualitativa baseada numa revisão bibliográfica. Os desafios para uma educação integral nas escolas do Ensino Fundamental, nos últimos anos, tornam-se mais relevantes quando são colocados no campo da vida cotidiana, da abordagem holística, das experiências pessoais dos alunos, da reflexão e das mudanças curriculares modificadas à luz das evidências de apoio governamental como acordos curriculares e fortalecimento das escolas de Ensino Fundamental, entre outras iniciativas estratégicas para a formação prática e integral. O modelo de educação integral apresenta uma perspectiva holística que busca transcender a visão somente educativa para promover diversas dimensões do ser humano. O resultado do estudo apontou que a sua implementação ainda está em fase de instalação em algumas escolas de Ensino Fundamental, e é vista como uma alternativa que permitirá progressivamente ter alunos cujas competências lhes permitam enfrentar eficazmente os desafios impostos pela sociedade. Compreende-se, que a educação integral visa garantir o desenvolvimento de todos, em todas as dimensões, incluindo a intelectual, a física, a emocional, a social e a simbólica, visão que se contrapõe à ideia tradicional de que a educação se estende ao processo escolar baseado no conhecimento acadêmico.

Palavras-chave: Educação Integral. Concepções. Ensino. Aprendizagem.
A COMPETITIVIDADE EMPRESARIAL NO BRASIL: Um Estudo Através de Indicadores de Desempenho
Authors: Oliveira Luan Maurílio da Silva
Published: August 2024

RESUMO
Este artigo analisa a competitividade empresarial no Brasil, explorando as estratégias adotadas e os indicadores de desempenho utilizados pelas empresas. Através de uma revisão bibliográfica, utilizamos fontes renomadas como a Confederação Nacional da Indústria (CNI), Michael Porter e estudos específicos sobre o mercado de trabalho e inovação no Brasil. O objetivo é fornecer uma visão abrangente das práticas competitivas no contexto brasileiro, destacando os desafios e oportunidades enfrentados pelas empresas. Os resultados indicam que a implementação de estratégias eficazes e o monitoramento contínuo dos indicadores de desempenho são essenciais para sustentar uma vantagem competitiva no mercado global.
Palavras-Chave: Competitividade Empresarial. Estratégias Empresariais. Indicadores de Desempenho. Inovação no Brasil.
Guia de Emergência - Cardiologia
Authors: Brauna Carina
Published: August 2024

O "Guia de Emergência em Cardiologia para Estudantes de Medicina" é um recurso abrangente e prático destinado a auxiliar estudantes no reconhecimento e manejo imediato de emergências cardíacas. O guia aborda de forma clara e concisa as principais condições cardiológicas emergentes, como infarto agudo do miocárdio, insuficiência cardíaca aguda, arritmias graves e miocardite, fornecendo protocolos atualizados de diagnóstico e tratamento. Inclui também algoritmos de decisão, orientações sobre o uso de medicamentos e intervenções terapêuticas, bem como dicas para a comunicação eficaz com a equipe de saúde e os pacientes, tornando-se uma ferramenta essencial para a formação e prática clínica dos futuros médicos.
Estenose Aórtica Sintomática
Authors: Veiga Diego Pacheco Tavares , Saraiva João Pedro Matias , Mesquita Matheus Lopes Bitar , Pereira Gabriel Alencar , Assis Isabella Araujo , Vilete Alexander Domingos , Glória Gabriel Henrique de Souza Alves , Garcia David Lucas Viana
Published: August 2024

Estenose Aórtica Sintomática
Embolia Pulmonar Maciça
Authors: Coelho Bruna Barbosa , Sousa Joyce Vieira de , Garcia David Lucas Viana , Jazeck Ágatha Kerollin , Policarpo Eduarda da Cunha , Rocha Mayara Regina Fontinele , Gochs Nayobe Kelem Dias
Published: August 2024

Embolia Pulmonar Maciça
Air Quality Dynamics in Sichuan Province: Sentinel-5P Data Insights (2019-2023)
Authors: Hossam Aldeen Anwer , Abubakr Hassan
Published: August 2024

This study assesses air pollution in Sichuan Province, China, from January 2019 to December 2023 using Copernicus Sentinel-5P satellite data. The analysis reveals distinct seasonal variations in levels of Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂), Sulfur Dioxide (SO₂), and Ozone (O₃), with urban areas experiencing higher concentrations due to industrial and vehicular emissions. CO and O₃ frequently exceeded WHO guidelines, particularly in winter and summer, indicating significant health risks. While most pollutant levels remained within safety limits, the findings highlight the importance of continuous monitoring and targeted mitigation strategies to improve air quality and safeguard public health, especially in urban environments.
Evaluating the Pros and Cons of Evening and Weekend Outpatient Medical Imaging: Implications for Patients and Radiology Professionals
Authors: Lucas Cohen , Ethan Cohen
Published: August 2024

Evening and weekend imaging services at outpatient radiology centers offer extended access to diagnostic imaging, potentially increasing patient satisfaction and accessibility, especially for underserved populations. This review explores the benefits and challenges associated with these after-hours operations, focusing on health equity, patient satisfaction, economic considerations, energy and cost savings, and the impact on healthcare professionals. Findings indicate that while after-hours operations can enhance patient satisfaction and access, they also pose challenges such as increased operational costs and staff fatigue. Strategies for improvement include optimizing shift schedules, leveraging technology for better scheduling and communication, and enhancing patient-centered care. Collaborative efforts among imaging centers can further improve service delivery and efficiency.
Bentuk Pranikah Dalam Novel 172 Days (Kajian Sastra Islam)
Authors: Kamal Nuri , Irwan Baadilla
Published: August 2024

Berdasarkan fenomena yang terjadi saat ini, kalangan masyarakat banyak yang melakukan hubungan pacaran yang tidak sesuai dengan syariat islam Tujuan penelitian ini yakni untuk mengetahui proses pranikah dalam novel 172 Days melalui proses ta’aruf dapat membantu memahami sebuah konsep pernikahan dalam islam untuk memberikan perspektif baru tentang hubungan manusia serta pentingnya mempersiapkan diri secara spiritual sebelum menikah, sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip ajaran islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan hasil dideskripsikan. Hasil dari penelitian ini yakni pertama melibatkan orang ketiga, peneliti menemukan keterlibatan orang tua, paman, dan saudara kandung dalan proses taaruf. Kedua pertemuan terbatas, terdapat silaturahmi dari kedua keluarga calon pasangan. Ketiga komunikasi terbatas, terdapat komunikasi antara calon pasangan yang dilakukan lewat media sosial. Keempat diskusi masa depan, terdapat diskusi mengenai nama panggilan antara calon pasangan jika sudah melangsungkan pernikahan. Kelima transparansi dan kejujuran, terlihat dari keterbukaan dan kejujuran untuk menyampaikan niat baiknya dalam melakukan proses taaruf. Terakhir doa dan istikharah yang terdapat dalam novel 172 Days karya Nadzira Shafa menggambarkan kegiatan berdoa dan salat istikharah yang dilakukan oleh tokoh.
Gerakan Pembaharuan Risalah Nur di Turki Tahun 1908-1960 M
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq, Rahmawati Rosianti , Faiz Muhammad ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq
Published: August 2024

Gerakan pembaharuan adalah tindakan untuk membuat perubahan dalam mencapai matlamat mulia. Gerakan Risalah Nur dipimpin oleh seorang tokoh intelektual Turki, iaitu Said Nursi. Beliau menyampaikan pembaharuan dari perspektif Al-Quran untuk memperjuangkan iman, kestabilan sosial, dan politik di Turki. Gerakan Risale-i Nur berlaku semasa tempoh peralihan dari Empayar Ottoman ke Republik Turki. Walaupun melalui strategi yang berbeza dan bertentangan dengan kerajaan sekular, gerakan ini tidak menggunakan kekerasan. Beberapa gerakan pembaharuan yang dilakukan oleh Said Nursi termasuk gerakan jihad ma'nawi, gerakan pendidikan integratif, dan konsep tasawuf moden. Impak gerakan pembaharuan ini boleh dianalisis dari segi fenomena agama, sosial, dan politik di Turki pada masa itu. Gerakan pembaharuan Said Nursi menyajikan jihad ma'nawi sebagai bentuk perjuangan literasi melalui penulisan dan pencetakan karya-karya. Jihad ma'nawi juga bermaksud jihad dalam menegakkan keadilan, membasmi kejahatan, dan mengekalkan iman. Pendidikan integratif menggalakkan perubahan dalam membentuk masyarakat yang berpendidikan dengan tidak hanya mempelajari agama tetapi seimbang dengan sains moden untuk mengelakkan kebelakangan teknologi sambil pada masa yang sama memperkuatkan iman. Sementara itu, gerakan tasawuf moden membawa kepada hakikat Al-Quran dan sifat iman.
Kemajuan Bidang Arsitektur Pada Masa Peradaban Dinasti Safawiyah
Authors:   STAIN Sultan Abdurrahman Kepulauan Riau, Abror Mhd. , Aulia Icha ,   UIN Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau
Published: August 2024

Kajianini membahas tentang perkembangan peradaban Islam pada masa Dinasti Safawiyah. Fokus kajianini akan mengkaji tentang perkembangan seni arsitektur pada masa Dinasti Safawiyah. Pada awal berdirinya, Safawi adalah gerakan tarekat keagamaan yang bertujuan memerangi orang-orang ingkar dan pakar bid’ah. Lama-kelamaan tarekat Safawi mulai memasuki gerakan politik, akhirnya pada tahun 1501 M berhasil mendirikan sebuah kerajaan. hubungan Persia dengan Arab pada masa lampau,sudah menciptakan unsur baru dalam peradaban Islam di Persia. Ketika penaklukan bangsa Arab terhadap Persia, terjadi pengabungan antara unsur Arab dengan unsur Persia. Pengabungan tersebut terlihat dari berbagai bentuk peradaban yang telah dibentuk, salahsatunya peradaban dibidang arsitektur. Walaupun peradaban tersebut sempat dihancurkan dengan adanya serangan Bangsa Mongol, tetapi berkat munculnya Kerajaan Safawi, peradaban Islam di Persia berhasil di bangun kembali. Perkembangan seni arsitekstur dinasti Safawi ditandai dengan pembangunan kota Isfahan, pembangunan pusara Harun-I Vilayat, sekolah Charbagh, Chehel Sotoun, dan penginapan Caravanserai. Tujuan dari kajianini adalah untuk menggali perkembangan seni arsitektur pada masa Dinasti Safawiyah, menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data kepustakaan (library research) yang memanfaatkan buku sebagai sumber informasi.
Pobreza, desigualdades y déficit nutricional de la infancia argentina en perspectiva regional (2019-2020)
Authors: Longhi Fernando , Salazar Burgos Ramiro
Published: August 2024

El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo identificar las magnitudes del déficit nutricional en Argentina en 2019-2020 y su diferenciación regional, relacionándolo con indicadores de pobreza y desigualdad. Se utilizó para ello una fuente de información escasamente explorada —al menos para Argentina— que es la Encuesta por Conglomerados de Indicadores Múltiples (MICS, por sus siglas en inglés) de UNICEF, denominada en Argentina como Encuesta Nacional de Niñas, Niños y Adolescentes 2019-2020. Se pudo generar evidencia empírica respecto a las magnitudes que alcanza dicho déficit, de su desigual distribución espacial en el territorio, y —a partir de su validación con estadísticas de egresos hospitalarios— se identificaron vastos sectores del norte del país con valores extremos que se alejan rotundamente de los promedios calculados, dejando claro el atributo de desigualdad que caracteriza a esta sociedad. Se utilizaron métodos estadísticos de cálculo de prevalencias y cartográficos para la identificación de la distribución espacial y definición de clústeres, los cuales permitieron la identificación de los territorios de mayor criticidad. Quedó claro de qué manera la conjunción de altos niveles de pobreza, la persistencia de estos y la desigualdad se articulan y suponen impactos en la salud como el déficit nutricional infantil, etapa vital donde las implicancias son severas y las ventanas de oportunidades futuras se ven severamente comprometidas por dicho déficit, lo cual pareciera discurrir un derrotero opuesto a la agenda enmarcada dentro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenibles.
Modified Counting sort
Authors: Kumar Ravin
Published: August 2024

There are various sorting methods in the literature which are sequential in nature and have linear time complexity. But these methods are not preferred to use due to large memory requirements in specific cases. Counting sort is one, which lies in this domain. In this paper we have suggested an improvement on the counting sort. Due to this improvement the memory requirement for counting sort is reduced up to a significant level. We have tested this modified counting sort on numerous data sets and the results obtained by these experiments are very much satisfactory. Results shows that this memory requirement is reduced at least 50% than traditional counting sort. So it open up the opportunity of using this modified version in many sorting application.
Intelligent tutoring systems need real teachers
Authors: Bardach Lisa , Moeller Korbinian , Ruiz-Garcia Miguel , Strittmatter Younes , Meyer Jennifer , Musslick Sebastian , Spitzer Markus
Published: August 2024

The development and distribution of digital learning software, such as intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs), have evolved into a billion-dollar industry, impacting a vast number of students worldwide. While ITSs have significant potential to effectively transform learning and support teachers, the extent to which ITSs rely on teacher support to maintain students’ engagement with the ITS is less well understood. This study evaluates exceptionally rich data from an ITS for learning mathematics used in Germany and the Netherlands (~139,000,000 problems; n ~ 194,000 students) between 2016 and 2023. We compared whether students’ engagement varied based on how they used the ITS: with teacher support (i.e., teachers assigned mathematics problems to students) versus without teacher support (i.e., students self-assigned problems). Our results indicated that students in Germany and the Netherlands consistently (i) dropped out later, (ii) were active for significantly more weeks, and (iii) worked through more mathematics problems each week with teacher support as compared to without teacher support. We observed these results robustly across academic school years within the examined period. Overall, our study challenges the usefulness of digital learning software as stand-alone tools and emphasizes the need for embedding such software in real-life learning scenarios involving teachers.
From Guesswork to Game Plan: Exploring Problem-Solving-Strategies in a Machine Learning Game
Authors: Witt Clemens , Leonhardt Thiemo , Marx Erik , Bergner Nadine
Published: August 2024

Problem-solving strategies have been investigated in various informatics education contexts. However, no substantial research has yet been conducted on the problem-solving behavior of students in the field of Machine Learning (ML). This study aims to bridge this gap by analyzing the self-directed problem-solving processes employed by students in grades 8 to 10 (n = 93) when developing decision trees as classification models. A digital multi-touch puzzle game and a custom-developed toolchain were utilized to visually capture and subsequently analyze students’ gameplay behaviors using quantitative content analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that learners within the examined age group predominantly employ exploratory problem-solving strategies in the self-directed construction of decision trees. In contrast, structured approaches are employed much less frequently and demonstrate lower persistence, yet they are significantly more correlated with successful game completion. These findings underscore the necessity of developing learning environments that promote the application and facilitate the persistence of structured problem-solving strategies, enabling learners to engage with the functioning and development of decision trees in a systematic and purposeful manner.
Research productivity during PhD enrolment for New Zealand sociology 2010–19: latest decade output patterns by gender and university
Authors: Rajcan Adam , Burns Edgar
Published: August 2024

Sociology has come late to the practice of publishing during PhD enrolment. This contrasts to fields such as science disciplines (STEM) and psychology where publishing during PhD is part of the disciplinary culture. In New Zealand sociology, over the last decade, the traditional PhD monograph continues to be the main format. Closer measurement of academic research outputs by the New Zealand Performance-Based Research Fund (PBRF) creates new pressures in the oversupplied academic-research labour market. This study has three main findings. First, within the decade since the PBRF was introduced, the publishing patterns of sociology PhDs have changed very little on the surface. It should be noted, however, that more than half of these students successfully published at least one refereed output, suggesting a possible disciplinary shift in students attempting to produce publications during candidacy. Second, overall in this time period, men and women published during their PhD at equal rates. This, however, masks variation by the institution. Women outperformed men at all institutions except at the largest sociology programme, Auckland University, where they published at the same rate as men. Third, gender differences by quality, sociology versus non-sociology publications and by Australasian versus international publications showed no significant differences.
The relationship between time constraints and creativity in bass lines of eminent jazz musicians: An exploratory study
Authors: Nurmi Mikko
Published: August 2024

The effect of time constraints on the creativity of jazz musicians has received little attention in creativity research and has produced mixed results. In this exploratory study, the relationship between time constraints and creativity was investigated using Kendall’s partial correlation analysis and a sample of forty-two transcriptions of Paul Chambers’s and Ron Carter’s bass lines (9,334 bars of notation in total). Creativity was operationalized as the repetition and entropy of melodic patterns.Both musicians were able to avoid excessive repetition of melodic patterns even at extremely fast tempos. For example, the maximum normalized entropy of 4-note chordal pitch class patterns was 0.902 or greater in both musicians’ original bass lines and bass line reductions (where rhythm and small differences in melody were removed) when tempos were at least 200 beats per minute. When controlling for the length of analyzed bass lines and eliminating the mediating effect of harmonic rhythm, the results usually indicated a statistically non-significant and negligible to weak negative correlation between tempo and the repetition and entropy of melodic patterns in Paul Chambers’s bass line reductions and a statistically non-significant and positive correlation between these variables in Ron Carter’s bass line reductions. In addition, the results indicated that harmonic rhythm (operationalized as the average distance between chord changes) may have a different effect on the repetition and entropy of melodic patterns depending on tempo. This research is one of the first studies to investigate creativity under extreme time constraints.
Internalizing disorders as shape-shifters: Understanding individual and cultural heterogeneity in the presentation of symptoms
Authors: Chentsova-Dutton Yulia , Ryder Andrew George
Published: August 2024

Contemporary psychopathology is grounded in the assumption that diagnostic categories are characterized by discrete sets of individual symptoms. As such, considerable resources have been invested over the past half-century to identify and refine these sets. There is a counter-tradition, however, that emphasizes symptom heterogeneity, especially for the internalizing disorders. This heterogeneity can be observed both within individual sufferers and across groups of sufferers in different sociocultural contexts. Rather than understanding this heterogeneity as a problem in need of a solution, we argue that variability in symptom presentation is an essential feature of internalizing distress: these disorders are, in their essence, shape-shifters. We begin by describing examples of similarities and differences in internalizing distress across cultural-historical contexts. Then, we address the complex nature of symptoms as physiological, psychological, and cultural phenomena that are experienced, interpreted, remembered, and anticipated, highlighting potential mechanisms of heterogeneity at each level of analysis. As this heterogeneity is not boundless, we also consider constraints that afford more uniform presentations and stabilize historical changes. The literature on the cultural shaping of psychological functioning is recruited throughout to illustrate the ways to conceptualize and study symptom heterogeneity. Understanding these disorders as shape-shifters has the potential to transform our approach to psychopathology, bringing a rapidly-growing literature on individual and cultural-historical variation to the very center of how we conceptualize internalizing distress.
Responsible Research in Health Disparities Using the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study
Authors: Gonzalez Marybel Robledo , Cardenas-Iniguez Carlos , Linares Deborah , Wonnum Sundania J. W. , Bagot Kara , White Evan J. , Cuan Arlyn , DiMatteo Simone , Akiel Yara , Lindsley Patrick M , Harris Julia , Perez-Amparan Evelyn , Powell Taylor , Dowling Gayathri , Alkire Diana , Thompson Wesley Kurt , Murray Traci
Published: August 2024

Purpose: The Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM (ABCD) Study is the largest longitudinal study on brain development and adolescent health in the United States. The study includes a sociodemographically diverse cohort of nearly 12,000 youth born 2005-2009, with an open science model of making data rapidly available to the scientific community. The ABCD Study® data has been used in over 1,100 peer-reviewed publications since its first data release in 2018. The dataset contains a broad scope and comprehensive set of measures of youths’ behavioral, health, and brain outcomes, as well as extensive contextual and environmental measures that map onto the social determinants of health (SDOH). Understanding the impact of SDOH on the developmental trajectories of youthwill help to address early lifecourse health inequities that lead to disparities later in life. However, the open science model and extensive use of ABCD data highlight the need for guidance on appropriate, responsible, and equitable use of the data.Design Methods: Our conceptual framework integrates the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities Research Framework with strength-based and data equity perspectives. We use this framework to articulate best practices and methods for investigations that aim to identify the multilevel pathways by which structural and systemic inequities impact adolescent health trajectories.Results: Using our conceptual model, we provide recommendations for equitable health disparities research using ABCD Study data. We identify over fifty ABCD measures that can encompass SDOH across five levels of influence: individual, interpersonal, school, community, and societal. We expand the societal level to acknowledge structural discrimination as the root cause of systemic and structural inequities resulting in health disparities among marginalized youth. We apply the methodological recommendations in an example data analysis using a multilevel approach that integrates strength-based and data equity perspectives to elucidate pathways by which social and structural inequities may influence cognitive decision making in youth. We conclude with recommendations for strengthening the utility of ABCD data for health disparities research now and in the future.Conclusion: Adolescence is a critical period of development with subsequent ramifications for health outcomes across the lifespan. Thus, understanding SDOH among diverse youth can inform prevention interventions before the emergence of health disparities in adulthood.
Testing mediumship and channeling sources of information: a review
Authors: Tressoldi Patrizio
Published: August 2024

This review aims to describe the strengths and weaknesses of the modern methodological and statistical procedures adopted in the last 25 years to test scientifically the source of mediumship and channeling information and suggest the minimum methodological standards to adopt in this research field. For mediumship, the recommended minimum methodological standard is the blinding of the mediums from receiving information related to the requested deceased using conventional means, and the blinding of sitters about the reading related to their deceased to avoid any response biases to allow quantitative and qualitative comparisons between the intended (the requested deceased), and the control readings. For channeling, the recommended minimum standard is the comparison of information contents received from the purported identical external entities by different channelers.
Appreciating biodiversity: a developmental approach
Authors: Oña Linda , Schlegelmilch Karola , Quaas Martin , Eisenhauer Nico , Fritsche Immo , Haun Daniel , Liebal Katja
Published: August 2024

Earth is facing a rapid change in biodiversity, posing significant threats to human health and ecosystem stability. Concurrently, increased urbanization is causing humans, especially children in urban areas, to grow more disconnected from nature, resulting in a lack of perceptual and learning capabilities in nature-based domains. Early childhood exposure to biodiversity is crucial for fostering awareness and conservation efforts. Successful biodiversity conservation must consider children’s perception, preferences, and valuations of biodiversity. This article reviews literature on three aspects of children’s relationship with biodiversity: their perception of biodiversity, preferences for diverse habitats, and valuation of biodiversity and conservation advocacy. The review emphasizes plant and habitat biodiversity due to their foundational role in ecosystems and relevance to children’s nature experiences. Humans are often thought to have a natural affinity for nature, sometimes termed "biophilia", although this connection does not always translate into children’s environmental awareness or accurate biodiversity perception. Children’s preferences for biodiversity are mixed, with some studies showing a favor for biodiverse environments, while others indicate a preference for less biodiverse, more familiar settings, suggesting that their choices are influenced by a variety of cultural, social, and individual factors. Children’s valuation of biodiversity encompasses intrinsic, instrumental, and relational aspects, with studies indicating that they value biodiversity through their attachment and emotional connections to nature, although their awareness of its broader ecological and economic significance is often limited. The review identifies critical gaps in biodiversity research, emphasizing the need for mixed-methods approaches, the inclusion of younger age groups of children, comparative cross-cultural studies, and a focus on biodiversity as an interconnected system rather than focusing on individual species. Including children’s perspectives is crucial to influencing future conservation attitudes. Addressing lay people’s limited understanding of biodiversity and directly exposing children to biodiversity are also essential for effective valuation and conservation strategies.
Computational and robustness reproducibility of "UN Peacekeeping and Democratization in Conflict-Affected Countries"
Authors: Oswald Christian , Walterskirchen Julian
Published: August 2024

Blair et al. (2023) examine the effect of UN peacekeeping on democratization in conflict-affected countries. They use fixed effects and instrumental variable estimators and find evidence that ”UN missions with democracy promotion mandates are strongly positively correlated with the quality of democracy in host countries but that the magnitude of the relationship is larger for civilian than for uniformed personnel, stronger when peacekeepers engage rather than bypass host governments when implementing reforms, driven in particular by UN election administration and oversight, and more robust during periods of peace than during periods of civil war”. Since the authors provide an impressive list of robustness checks, we focus on computational and robustness reproducibility. We replicate the findings using the Stata code provided in the replication material and reproduce all main analyses in R. We add year fixed effects to country fixed effects, cluster standard errors, use fixed and random panel regression estimators and ordered Beta regression estimators. We furthermore reproduce instrumental variable estimators with two different packages. We find that the original findings were reproducible and robust.
Media guidelines for the reporting of gambling and other stigmatised experiences: a scoping review with narrative summary
Authors: Killick Elizabeth , Potiaumpai Michelle
Published: August 2024

Media representations influence public perceptions of stigmatised conditions, with news media significantly impacting stigmatising attitudes. Limited research on interventions in media reporting of gambling harm complicates the development of best practices for reporting guidelines. This scoping review explored research on media guidelines for stigmatised conditions, including substance use, mental ill health, suicidality, and poverty. Databases searched included PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, alongside grey literature from Google and targeted organisation websites. Two reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full texts, with extracted data analysed descriptively. Of the 57 articles included, most focused on suicide media guidelines, emphasising the avoidance of sensationalism, the use of non-stigmatising language, and the promotion of support services. Effective implementation requires training, stakeholder collaboration, and continuous feedback, while challenges include balancing journalistic freedom with ethical considerations and contextual adaptation. The review identified essential elements in current news media guidelines for the selected conditions, highlighting that collaboration among media professionals, public health practitioners, and lived experience communities is crucial. Despite the absence of specific guidelines for gambling harm, the findings will inform best practices for developing evidence-based guidelines to reshape gambling-related news narratives.