bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formulasi Sediaan Krim Masker dari Sari Buah Jambu Biji Merah (Psdium guajava L.)
Authors: Damanik Elis Rahmayanti , Chan Adek
Published: December 2020

Pendahuluan: Krim merupakan bentuk sediaan yang sering dipilih pada kosmetik karena penggunaannya yang cukup mudah. Krim yang stabil harus menggunakan emulgator yang tepat agar dapat menurunkan tegangan antar muka antara minyak dan air dan membentuk lapisan yang mengelilingi tetesan terdispersi sehingga mencegah koalesensi dan terpisahnya fase terdispersi.. pada krim biasanya terdapat suatu zat pengental dan emulgator untuk membentuk suatu masa krim yaitu setil alcohol dan asam stearat. Jambu biji merah biasa digunakan untuk obat demam berdarah. Masker merupakan salah satu perawatan kulit wajah yang yang biasa digunakan sehingga kulit terlihat segar dan bersih. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui bahwa jambu biji merah (Psidium Guajava L.) dapat diformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan krim masker dan tidak mengiritasi kulit. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen laboratorium, dengan konsentrasi Jambu biji merah yang digunakan adalah 2%, 3%, 4% dan blanko. Beberapa pengujian telah dilakukan terhadap sediaan antara lain: uji homogenitas, penentuan pH, penentuan tipe emulsi, dan uji iritasi terhadap kulit sukarelawan. Kesimpulan: penelitian adalah bahwa sari buah Jambu biji merah (Psidium Guajava L.) dapat diformulasikan sebagai krim masker dan tidak mengiritasi kulit.
Formulasi Sediaan Gel Dari Ekstrak Kulit Putih Semangka (Citrullus lanatus Schrad) sebagai Masker Wajah
Authors: Ndruru Kurniawati , Purnomo Dwi Setio
Published: December 2020

Pendahuluan: Masker merupakan salah satu sediaan kosmetik yang biasa digunakan untuk membersihkan kotoran yang menempel pada lapisan kulit yang lebih dalam, mengikat sel-sel kulit yang telah mati, memperbaiki pori-pori kulit, menghaluskan lapisan luar kulit, dan memberi nutrisi sehingga kulit terlihat cerah. Penggunaan Antioksidan dalam formulasi masker merupakan salah satu solusi untuk menghindari penggunaan bahan sintetik yang berbahaya. Salah satu tumbuhan Indonesia yang memiliki potensi untuk menghasilkan zat antioksidan dan alami adalah kulit putih semangka yang mengandung 2 persen vitamin C dan vitamin B6 baik untuk kesehatan dan kecantikan kulit. Tujuan: untuk membuat sediaan masker gel ekstrak kulit putih semangka sebagai antioksidan. Metode: Penelitiaan ini dilakukan secara eksperimen, sempel diekstraksi dengan cara dimaserasi selama 3x24 jam dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%, selanjutnya dirotavapor untuk mendapatkan ekstrak kental. Ekstrak kental yang diperoleh digunakan pada kosentrasi 1%, 2%, 3%. Hasil: penelitiaan menunjukan bahwa ekstrak kulit putih semangka dapat dibuat sebagai sediaan masker gel dan memenuhi evaluasi fisik sediaan. Hasil uji organoleptis menunjukan bahwa sediaan yang dibuat cukup stabil, homogen, pH berkisar antara 6,7-6,5 dan sediaan tidak menimbulkan iritasi. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa formulasi sediaan masker gel esktrak kulit putih semangka (Citrullus vulgaris SCHRAD) memenuhi syarat evaluasi fisik sediaan meliputi uji oraganoleptis, uji pH, uji homogenitis dan uji iritasi.
Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Cara Distribusi Obat di PBF Rajawali Nusindo
Authors: Wijaya Meilyanie , Chan Adek
Published: December 2020

ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Obat adalah kebutuhan primer dari manusia, oleh karena itu obat yang beredar perlu dijamin kualitasnya agar tetap sesuai dengan desain pada saat digunakan oleh pasien. Begitu pentingnya obat dalam hidup manusia sehingga dalam pembuatannya obat harus memenuhi kriteria : efficacy, safety, dan quality. kriteria tersebut harus terpenuhi mulai dari pembuatan, pendistribusian hingga penyerahan obat ke tangan konsumen harus diperhatikan kualitas obat tersebut tetap terjaga sampai pada akhirnya obat tersebut dikonsumsi oleh pasien. Penelitian ini ber Tujuan: untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan Cara Distribusi Obat di PBF Rajawali Nusindo tahun 2017. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang dilakukan bulan Mei 2017 menggunakan daftar checklist yang memuat aspek-aspek CDOB yang meliputi manajemen mutu, organisasi, manajemen dan personalia, bangunan dan peralatan, operasional, inspekdiri, keluhan, obat dan atau bahan obat kembaliandidugapalsudanpenarikankembali, transportasi, fasilitasdistribusiberdasarkankontrak, dokumentasidan lain-lain. Hasil: penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pelaksanaan Cara Distribusi Obat di PBF Rajawali Nusindo tidak sesuai berdasarkan Peraturan Kepala Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Republik Indonesia Tahun 2012. Kesimpulan: dari Penelitian ini terdapat 2 aspek Cara Distribusi Obat yang Baik (CDOB) yang belum sesuai yaitu luas ruang bangunan penyimpanan dan sistem Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja (K3).Disarankan ruang bangunan penyimpanan obat dan/atau bahan obat di PT. Rajawali Nusindo ditambah/diperbesar agar penyusunan obat tidak terlalu menumpuk sehingga ruangan menjadi kecil dan sempit dan karyawan gudang agar lebih memperhatikan Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja dengan cara memakai helm ketika kerja,sarungtangan, masker, sepatu bots, dan kacamata.
Evaluasi Cara Pemakaian Insulin Pen pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus di Rsud Tanjung Pura
Authors: Sofiana Sofiana , Chan Adek
Published: December 2020

Pendahuluan: Diabetes Melitus (DM) adalah penyakit metabolik yang ditandai dengan tingginya kadar glukosa darah (hyperglikemia) sebagai akibat dari kekurangan sekresi insulin, gangguan aktivitas insulin atau keduanya ( American Diabetes Association (ADA), 2004 dalam Smeltzer, et al. 2008). Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit kronis dimana pengobatannya bisa dengan obat hipoglikemik oral dan bila tidak tercapai target terapinya harus ditambah injeksi insulin. Insulin dapat digunakan sebagai monoterapi atau dikombinasikan dengan obat hipoglikemik oral.  Tujuan: untuk mengevaluasi cara pemakaian insulin pen pada penderita diabetes melitus. Responden yang dipilih adalah pasien yang menderita diabetes melitus di poli rawat jalan RSUD Tanjung Pura. Metode: Sampel yang diambil dari rekam medik di RSUD Tanjung Pura dengan metode pendekatan cross sectional. Analisis data dijelaskan dengan statistik deskriptif . Hasil: penelitian menunjukan bahwa penderita diabetes melitus berdasarkan tempat tinggal diluar tanjung pura memiliki persentase lebih tinggi 40 pasien (72,7%), berdasarkan jenis kelamin yang berjenis kelamin wanita memilik persentase lebih tinggi 37 pasien (67,3%), berdasarkan umur pasien yang menderita diabetes melitus antara umur 45-54 sebanyak 20 pasien (36,4%), berdasarkan pendidikan yang menderita diabetes melitus dengan tingkat pindidikan SD sebanyak 17 pasien (30,4%) dan berdasarkan pekerjaan pasien yang menderita diabetes melitus adalah ibu rumah tangga sebanyak 32 pasien (56,2%). Kesimpulan: Fasilitas yang terdapat di RSUD Tanjung Pura masih sangat kurang, karena tidak adanya tempat untuk melakukan penyuluhan dan promosi kesehatan, sehingga pengetahuan pasien tentang diabetes melitus juga sangat sediki.
Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Terhadap Pelayanan Kefarmasian di UPT Puskesmas Sentosa Baru Kecamatan Medan Perjuangan
Authors: Faridawaty Lidya , Ginting Mandike , Purnomo Dwi Setio
Published: December 2020

Pendahuluan; Kepuasan pasien adalah salah satu hal yang harus diprioritaskan oleh apotek dalam menjalankan fungsinya sebagai salah satu sarana pelayanan kefarmasian. Pasien akan merasa puas apabila kebutuhan dan harapannya dapat dipenuhi. Salah satu upaya pelayanan pasien adalah memperoleh obat yang diresepkan oleh dokter dalam waktu singkat sehingga pasien memperoleh kepuasan atas layanan dari kefarmasian.Tujuan; Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan kefarmasian di UPT Puskesmas Sentosa Baru Kec.Medan Perjuangan Tahun 2018. Metode; Penelitian ini adalah deskriptif menggunakan metode survey dimana jumlah sampel dengan menggunakan simple random sampling sehingga sampel sebanyak 100 orang dengan metode analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat untuk menggambarkan semua variabel.Hasil; Dari hasil perhitungan, pada masing-masing indikator diperoleh persentase sebagai berikut dimana berdasarkan kehandalan mayoritas mengatakan puas sebesar 32,0%, ketanggapan mayoritas mengatakan cukup puas sebesar 42,0%, jaminan mayoritas sangat puas sebesar 42,0%, empati mayoritas cukup puas sebesar 35,0%, sementara indikator berwujud mayoritas mengatakan kurang puas sebesar 35,0%.Kesimpulan; Disimpulkan bahwa tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan kefarmasian di UPT Puskesmas Sentosa Baru Kec.Medan Perjuangan adalah sangat puas.
Gambaran Persepsi Masyarakat Tentang Obat Generik dan Obat Merek Dagang di Daerah Pasar Lam Ateuk Aceh Besar
Authors: Mutawatir Mutawatir , Chan Adek , Syamsul Darwin
Published: December 2020

Pendahuluan;Berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor HK.02.02/I/2010 obat generik adalah obat dengan nama resmi International Non Propietary Names (INN) yang ditetapkan dalamFarmakope Indonesia atau buku standar lainnya untuk zat khasiat yang dikandungnya. Berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor HK.02.02/068/I/2010 obat bermerek dagang adalah obat generik dengan nama dagang yang menggunakan nama milik produsen obat yang bersangkutan. Dari satu nama generik dapat di produksi berbagai macam sediaan obat dengan nama dagang yang berbeda. Tujuan; Untuk untuk mengetahui gambaran persepsi masyarakat tentang obat generik dan obat merek dagang  di Daerah Pasar Lam Ateuk Kabupaten Aceh Besar yang meliputi defenisi, harga, mutu, dan peraturan pemerintah.Metode; Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner yaitu menggambarkan persepsi  masyarakat tentang obat generik dan obat merek dagang  di Daerah Pasar Lam Ateuk Kabupaten Aceh Besar yang meliputi defenisi, harga, mutu, dan peraturan pemerintah. Hasil;Hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa dari 69 orang responden hanya 1 responden memiliki persepsi baik terhadap pengertian obat generik dan obat merk dagang di Daerah Pasar Lam Ateuk Aceh Besar dengan presentase 1,4%, dan sebanyak 43 responden yang memiliki persepsi cukup dengan presentase 62,3%, sedangkan sebanyak 25 responden yang memiliki pengetahuan kurang dengan persentase 36,2%. Kesimpulan; Dapat disimpulan bahwa persepsi masyarakat tentang obat generik dan obat merek dagang di di daerah Pasar Lam Ateuk Aceh Besar dapat dikatagorikan cukup.
Gambaran Penggunaan Obat Pada Pasien Ibu Hamil di Poliklinik Obstetri Dan Ginekologi di RSUD Kotapinang Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Selatan
Authors: Masliana Leli , Hafiz Ihsanul , Ginting Indra
Published: December 2020

Pendahuluan; Ibu hamil memerlukan terapi obat untuk mengatasi gangguan kesehatan yang dideritanya dan obat pada ibu hamil patut mendapatkan perhatian karena dapat mempengaruhi janin. Tujuan; mengetahui jumlah penggunaan obat pada pasien ibu hamil dan kategori resiko terhadap janin berdasarkan kategori FDA. Metode; Dilakukan dengan retrospective observation, yaitu mengumpulkan data pasien rawat jalan ibu hamil di RSUD Kotapinang dilakukan pada bulan Juni-Juli 2018. Hasil; Berdasarkan 150 pasien ibu hamil yang tidak diiringi penyakit menggunakan 2 jenis obat 79 pasien (64,75%). Pasien ibu hamil yang diiringi penyakit menggunakan 1 jenis obat 9 pasien (32,14 %). Golongan obat yang diresepkan pada ibu hamil yaitu vitamin sebanyak 100 (33,33%)  antianemia 84 (25,22%). Kategori obat yang digunakan berdasarkan resiko terhadap janin adalah kategori A 183 (54,95%). Kesimpulan; Penggunaan obat pada pasien ibu hamil di RSUD Kotapinang  dengan rata-rata keseluruhan pasien yang tidak diiringi penyakit 1,96  dan pasien yang diiringi penyakit 3,2 jenis obat, golongan obat yang digunakan paling banyak obat vitamin 100 (33,33%). Peresepan obat yang paling banyak di gunakan berdasarkan kategori FDA adalah A 183 (54,95%).
Perbandingan Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri dari Ekstrak Etanol Bunga, Daun dan Akar Tumbuhan Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Putri Reanza Musmulya , Diana Vivi Eulis , Fitri Khairani
Published: December 2020

Pendahuluan; Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) merupakan tumbuhan herbal tahunan yang berasal dari keluarga Malvaceae. Hampir seluruh bagian tanaman ini dapat digunakan untuk pengobatan, terutama pengobatan alternatif. Diketahui kandungan senyawa yang  terdapat pada bunga, daun dan akar rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) dapat digunakan  sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan; Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol bunga, daun dan akar rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Metode; Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang bersifat eksperimental. Bunga, daun dan akar rosella diekstraksi dengan etanol 70% secara maserasi. Ekstrak etanol bunga, daun dan akar rosella diuji aktivitas antibakterinya dengan menggunakan metode difusi cakram dengan konsentrasi yang digunakan masing-masing adalah 10%, 20%, dan 30%, kontrol positif Chloramphenicol 250 mg dan kontrol negatif DMSO. Hasil; Hasil analisis data dengan menggunakan Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada diameter setiap kelompok (P0,05). Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya hambat antibakteri ekstrak etanol bunga rosella pada bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan konsentrasi 10% (17,43 mm), konsentasi 20% (21,6 mm), dan konsentrasi 30% (24,23 mm).  Daya hambat antibakteri ekstrak daun rosella pada konsentrasi 10% (12,4 mm), konsentrasi 20% ( 16,73 mm) dan konsentrasi 30% ( 21,86 mm). Daya hambat antibakteri ekstrak akar rosella pada konsentrasi 10% (10,48 mm), konsentrasi 20% ( 13,2 mm) dan konsentrasi 30% ( 13,73 mm). Kesimpulan; Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa zona  hambat terbesar terhadap Staphylococcus aureus ditunjukkan oleh ekstrak etanol bunga (24,23 mm), diikuti ekstrak daun (21,86) dan akar (13,73 mm).
Evaluasi Sifat Fisik dan Uji Kelembaban Sediaan Losion Yang Dijual Secara Online-Shop
Authors: Iskandar Benni , Frimayanti Neni , Firmansya Ferdy , Agustini Tiara Tri , Putri Dea Dwi
Published: December 2020

Pendahuluan: Perkembangan industri kosmetika menyebabkan banyaknya produk losion racikan beredar di online-shop dengan jenis, fungsi, harga ataupun variasi komposisi. Tetapi, banyak produk online-shop belum memiliki izin edar yang dikeluarkan oleh BPOM, sehingga dikhawatirkan memiliki tingkat keamanan yang rendah dikalangan masyarakat. Tujuan: Untuk menguji sifat fisik dan kelembaban sediaan losion racikan yang dijual di online shop. Metode: Penelitian ini melakukan pemeriksaan organoleptis, homogenitas, uji pH, stabilitas fisik, tipe losion, daya sebar, daya tercuci, uji iritasi, dan uji kelembaban. Hasil:  Semua uji sifat fisik memenuhi syarat kecuali uji pH yaitu hanya losion C yang sesuai dengan pH kulit dan peningkatan persentase kelembaban kulit setelah pemakaian losion pada panelis wanita lebih besar dibandingkan pria. Kesimpulan: Sediaan losion racikan memiliki sifat fisik yang baik selama penyimpanan suhu kamar dan suhu dingin dalam waktu 8 minggu, pH losion berkisar antara (6,2-7,4) dan dapat meningkatkan kelembaban kulit dengan hasil persentase 30%-60% .
Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Jalan terhadap Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Instalasi Farmasi RSUD Datu Beru Takengon
Authors: Sari Amelia , Aroni Defri , Hasanah Ismaul
Published: December 2020

Pendahuluan: Pelayanan Farmasi menjadi salah satu pelayanan penunjang medik terapeutik yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari pelayanan rumah sakit secara keseluruhan. Peran Instalasi Farmasi yang cukup besar sebagai sumber dana rumah sakit, diperlukan untuk melihat kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan Instalasi Farmasi rumah sakit. Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan kefarmasian di Instalasi Farmasi RSUD Datu Beru Takengon. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan desain kuantitatif. Tingkat kepuasan diukur dengan lima dimensi kualitas jasa pelayanan, dianalisis dengan rumus mean dan persentase. Hasil: Tingkat kepuasan pasien rawat jalan terhadap pelayanan kefarmasian menunjukkan kategori puas dengan persentase dimensi tangible adalah 66,3%, dimensi reliability 91,8%, dimensi responsiveness 55,1%, dimensi assurance 64,3%,  dimensi empathy 53,1%. Kesimpulan:  Tingkat kepuasan pasien rawat jalan di Instalasi RSUD datu Beru Katengon masuk dalam kategori puas.
Pengaruh Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) terhadap Peningkatan Trombosit pada Pasien Demam Berdarah Dengue
Authors: Agustina Anniza
Published: December 2020

Demam berdarah dengue merupakan penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue dan dibawa oleh nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Penyakit ini menyebabkan peningkatan hematokrit, penurunan hemoglobin, leukosit normal atau menurun, dan penurunan trombosit (trombositopenia). Trombositopenia merupakan salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya perdarahan. Salah satu tanaman yang mampu meningkatkan trombosit pada pasien demam berdarah adalah daun pepaya. Kandungan enzim proteinolitik seperti papain dan chymopapain dapat membantu meningkatkan jumlah trombosit, fraksi alkaloid (carpaine) terbukti bertanggung jawab atas aktivitas anti-trombositopenia, serta flavonol dan flavonoid menstimulan  produksi sel darah, menghambat NS2B-NS3 protease dan mencegah perakitan virus DEN-2. Daun pepaya juga mempengaruhi produksi Gen ALOX-12 dan PTAFR yang berperan dalam produksi trombosit. Pada review ini, pencarian data primer dilakukan dengan secara online, berupa jurnal nasional maupun jurnal internasional 10 tahun terakhir (2009-2017). Hasil diperoleh dari beberapa jurnal dan sumber lainnya dapat diketahui mekanisme pengaruh daun pepaya dalam meningkatkan trombosit.
Formulasi dan Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) sebagai Pelembab Bibir
Authors: Abadi Hafizhatul , Hanum Siti Fatimah , Buulolo Ignasia Amaerita
Published: December 2020

Pendahuluan: Kulit buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) mengandung xanton, antosianin dan tanin yang  merupakan  sumber antioksidan bekerja dengan cara menghidrasi kulit, melembutkan kulit dan mengurangi tingkat kekeringan pada kulit. Sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pelembab bibir. Tujuan: Untuk memformulasi sediaan lip balm menggunakan ekstrak etanol kulit buah manggis dan mengevaluasi efektivitas sebagai pelembab bibir. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental menggunakan ekstrak kulit buah manggis dengan konsentrasi 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, 10%. Evaluasi sediaan lip balm meliputi pemeriksaan uji stabilitas, homogenitas, pH, suhu lebur, iritasi dan uji kesukaan. Uji efektifitas sebagai pelembab bibir menggunakan Moisture checker. Hasil: Diperoleh sediaan lip balm yang homogen, stabil, pH 4,8-6,1; tidak mengiritasi kulit. Sediaan lipbalm dengan konsentrasi 10% paling efektif melembabkan bibir setelah 4 minggu. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanol kulit buah manggis dapat diformulasikan kedalam sediaan lip balm dan efektif melembabkan bibir pada konsentrasi 10%.
Skrining Fitokimia dan Isolasi Senyawa Steroid/Triterpenoid dari Ekstrak n-Heksana Rumput Laut Eucheuma alvarezii Doty
Authors: Nasution Haris Munandar
Published: December 2020

Salah satu jenis rumput laut yang memiliki nilai ekonomis yang tinggi adalah Eucheuma alvarezii Doty, yang mengandung senyawa kimia steroid/triterpenoid. Steroid merupakan salah satu golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang cukup penting dalam bidang medis.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mengetahui kandungan kimia senyawa Eucheuma alvarezii Doty, dan isolasi senyawa steroid/triterpenoid  dari rumput laut Eucheuma alvarezii Doty.Penelitian ini meliputi skrining fitokimia, ekstraksi dilakukan secara perkolasi, kemudian ekstrak yang diperoleh di Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT), selanjutnya dilakukan isolasi secara Kromatografi Kolom (KK), uji kemurnian dengan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) dua arah dan isolat yang diperoleh diidentifikasi secara Spektrofotometri Ultraviolet (UV) dan Spektrofotometri Inframerah (IR).Hasil skrining fitokimia simplisia Eucheuma alvarezii Doty mengandung senyawa steroid/triterpenoid, glikosida, dan saponin dan isolat yang diperoleh dianalisis secara spetrofotometri sinar UV memberikan absorbansi maksimum pada panjang gelombang 206,80 nm menunjukkan adanya gugus kromofor dan hasil spektrofotometri sinar IR diketahui adanya gugus OH, –CH alifatis, C=O, CH2, CH3, C-O, dan C=C.Analisisis isolat menunjukkan bahwa isolat yang diperoleh adalah senyawa golongan steroid/triterpenoid
Skrining Senyawa Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) terhadap Staphyllococcus aureus secara KLT Bioautografi
Authors: Aryantini Dyah
Published: December 2020

Pendahuluan: Daun belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi  L.) merupakan tanaman kaya akan metabolit sekunder dengan aktivitas farmakologi seperti obat batuk, antidiabetes, antiinflamasi, antioksidan dan antibakteri. Untuk menelusuri dan skrining senyawa antibakteri dalam ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh maka dilakukan dengan metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) Bioautografi.  Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk skrining dan deteksi terhadap senyawa aktif menghambat bakteri Staphyllococcus aureus dengan metode KLT Bioautografi kontak yang diharapkan menjadi kandidat senyawa antibakteri baru. Metode: Eksperimental dengan metode ekstraksi maserasi dilanjutkan uji aktivitas senyawa antibakteri  secara difusi (sumuran). Skrining senyawa antibakteri digunakan metode KLT bioautografi kontak.  Hasil: Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Skrining senyawa antibakteri secara KLT bioautografi kontak menunjukkan adanya zona hambat oleh noda pada Rf 0,65. Analisis data secara statistik menggunakan One Way Anova dengan tingkat kepercayaan p0,05 memperlihatkan adanya perbedaan bermakna antara tiap kelompok.  Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanol daun belimbing wuluh memiliki aktivitas menghambat Staphyllococcus aureus dan pada KLT bioautografi menunjukkan bahwa noda yang sejajar dengan kuersetin pada Rf 0,65 memperlihatkan adanya zona hambat.
Enacting the Otipemisiwak Worldview
Authors: Turner Justin
Published: December 2020

Applying one’s cultural teachings to their research or clinical practice is an important endeavour that requires intensive reflexivity. I recently had the honour of studying in detail my Métis or Otipemisiwak culture by taking a class called Advanced Métis Studies taught by a respected Métis Elder. In this article, I document some specific learnings from the course, and reflect on how to apply them to both my occupational therapy clinical practice and my research praxis as a PhD student. I offer specific and more theoretical applications of Otipemisiwak culture to my life and encourage the reader to engage in a similar reflexive process regarding their own culture. This article also serves as a chance to introduce myself to other Indigenous health researchers.
Developing an Indigenous goal-setting tool: Counting Coup
Authors: Dáakuash Iitáa , McCormick Alma , Keene Shannen , Hallett John , Held Suzanne
Published: December 2020

Chronic illness self-management best practices include goal-setting as an important tool for developing better self-management habits and are often included as elements of chronic disease self-management interventions. However, the goal theory that many of these tools employ relies on individualistic principles of self-efficacy that are not culturally consonant within many Indigenous communities. During the creation of the [blinded] program, a chronic illness management intervention, we developed a goal-setting tool specific to the [blinded] Nation. Emerging from an Indigenous paradigm and methodology, Counting Coup serves as a goal-setting tool that promotes the [blinded] culture, connects individuals with their ancestors, and focuses on achievement of goals within relationships. Future research and practice should be grounded in the historical and cultural contexts of their communities when designing and implementing goal-setting tools. Limitations to Counting Coup as a goal-setting tool include the need for program facilitators to have a relationship with participants due to Counting Coup’s foundation in relational accountability and that the environmental context may pose difficulties for participants in moving towards behavior change.
Indigenous Relationality and Kinship and the Professionalization of a Health Workforce
Authors: Campbell Erika , Austin Alyssa , Bax-Campbell Maddison , Ariss Esmé , Auton Sophia , Carkner Emily , Cruz Gabriela , Hawes Abby , O'Brien Kayla , Rizk Nardin , Toop Emily , Brickenden Landon , Lawford Karen
Published: December 2020

We, as a group of academic learners, argue the professionalization of healthcare service providers reinforces hierarchies of knowledge that results in the exclusion of Indigenous Peoples. Through decolonizing theory and Indigenous methodology, we applied Indigenous understandings of relationality and kinship to examine the professionalization of the health workforce. Relationality is a philosophy that describes the interconnections between all of creation and kinship consists of family, community, and all extended human and more-than-human relations. Indigenous health knowledges reflect relationality and kinship and are practiced by midwives, doulas, and Comadronas. Within the Euro-Western biomedical model, these healers are often incorporated into maternity care services for the purposes of professionalizing their roles. Professionalization, however, reinforces power differentiations between healthcare providers and advances biomedical hegemony and hierarchies of knowledge, all of which exclude Indigenous kinship and relationality. The dangers of professionalization of the health workforce result in the omission of Indigenous knowledges, because the Euro-Western biomedical model of health is built on the philosophies of colonialism and capitalism. To counter professionalization, Indigenous relationality and kinship must be prioritized in the provision of healthcare so that it is inclusive to Indigenous Peoples and their knowledges, the results of which will benefit us all.
Wii Niiganabying (Looking Ahead):
Authors: Manitowabi Joshua
Published: December 2020

Fifty years ago, Indigenous elders and leaders drafted their response to the Statement of the Government of Canada on Indian Policy (White Paper of 1969). Their formal rebuttal, Citizens Plus (Red Paper), published in 1970, was a turning point in Indigenous education policy. It marked the beginning of the shift away from government-controlled, assimilationist educational policies to greater Indigenous control over funding and pedagogical methods. The Red Paper refuted the White Paper’s main conclusions and stated that Indigenous peoples are “citizens plus” because the federal government is legally bound to provide Indigenous peoples with services in exchange for the use of the land they occupy. The most important Indigenous rights to be upheld included education, health care, Aboriginal status, and Aboriginal title. These unique rights recognized that Indigenous peoples are the original owners of all the natural resources on their traditional treaty lands. The Red Paper became a political turning point for Indigenous peoples in Canada by presenting an Indigenous vision for a new political and legal relationship between Canada and Indigenous peoples based on Aboriginal and treaty rights. Since the 1970s, Indigenous leaders have struggled to maintain control of educational funding while having to abide by provincial standards of educational curricula. Indigenous communities want to provide more positive learning experiences and positive identity through reconceptualizing educational curricula. They are exploring ways to indigenize the educational experience by igniting cultural resurgence through the integration of Indigenous languages, knowledge, culture, and history by reconnecting students to their elders, land, and communities.
Reimagining Indigenous spaces of healing: Institutional environmental repossession
Authors: Ambtman-Smith Vanessa , Richmond Chantelle
Published: December 2020

Among the global Indigenous population, concepts of health and healthy living are wholistically intertwined within social, physical, natural, and spiritual systems. On-going processes of colonization and experiences of environmental dispossession have had the effect of removing Indigenous peoples from the lands, people and knowledge systems that have traditionally promoted their health. In 2014, Big-Canoe and Richmond introduced the idea of environmental repossession. This concept refers to the social, economic, and cultural processes Indigenous people are engaging in to reconnect with their traditional lands and territories, the wider goal being to assert their rights as Indigenous people and to improve their health and well-being. As Indigenous mothers, both who live in urban centres “away” from our families and traditional lands and knowledge systems, we engage with this conceptual model as a hopeful way to reimagine relationships to land, family, and knowledge. We embrace the concept of environmental repossession, and its key elements – land, social relationships, Indigenous knowledge – as a framework for promoting health and healing spaces among those who live “away” from their traditional territory. Drawing on three examples, an urban hospital, a university food and medicine garden, and a men’s prison, we suggest that these spaces do indeed offer important structural proxies for land, social relationships, and Indigenous knowledge, and can be important healing spaces. With increasingly urbanizing Indigenous populations in Canada, and around the world, these findings are important for the development of healing places for Indigenous peoples, regardless of where they live.
Dependence of Storage and Transportation of Table Variety Grape Taifi Pink on the Application of the Complex of Organic-Mineral Fertilizers
Authors: Rasulov A.
Published: December 2020

The conducted research has established the most optimal option for fertilizing table variety grapes Taifi Pink. Thus, when applying N90P220K90 + 10 t/ha of poultry manure, the quality of grapes most suitable for storage and transportation was observed.
Immunological Status of Patients With Hernias of the Anterior Abdominal Wall
Authors: Ashimov Zh. , Dinlosan O. , Aitiev U.
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes a review of the literature of foreign authors and authors of the CIS countries on immunological reactivity in the postoperative period in patients after auto- and alloplastic methods of hernioplasty.
Is depression associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease or vice versa?
Authors: BAYSAK Erensu , ARICIOĞLU Feyza
Published: December 2020

The comorbidity between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and depression has been observed for many years. Several biological and behavioral hypotheses have been proposed to explain this comorbidity. However, the underlying common mechanisms are still unclear. Evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between depression and CVD. Inflammation has been implicated in the etiology of both depression and CVD. In this review, we aim to increase awareness for CVD and depression comorbidity and provide some insights about the possible role of inflammation.
Examination of the Coping Flexibility Hypothesis Using the Coping Flexibility Scale-Revised
Authors: Kato Tsukasa
Published: December 2020

Coping flexibility, as defined by the dual-process theory, refers to one’s ability to relinquish a coping strategy recognized as ineffective—abandonment—and to devise and implement an alternative and more effective strategy—re-coping. The coping flexibility hypothesis (CFH) dictates that richer coping flexibility produces more adaptive outcomes caused by stress responses, such as reduced psychological and physical dysfunction. We tested the reliability and validity of the Coping Flexibility Scale-Revised (CFS-R) and the CFH using the CFS-R, which was developed to measure coping flexibility. In total, we performed three studies involving 6,752 participants. Study 1 provided the psychometric properties of the CFS-R and tested this factorial structure by a confirmatory factor analysis. Study 2 estimated the validity of the CFS-R by examining the associations between its three subscales and variables that were conceptually similar to them. Study 3 tested the CFH using a longitudinal design after controlling for the effects of typical coping strategies and other types of coping flexibility. Overall, the CFH was supported by the use of the CFS-R, and the findings in Studies 2 and 3 showed that it had acceptable validity and reliability. Our findings implied that abandonment and re-coping can predict reduced depressive symptoms more than other types of theoretical framings for coping flexibility. Additionally, a meta-analysis of the Cronbach’s alphas for all samples in this study (k = 9, N = 6,752) showed that they were 0.87 (95% CI [0.87, 0.88]) for abandonment, 0.92 (95% CI [0.91, 0.92]) for re-coping, and 0.86 (95% CI [0.85, 0.87]) for meta-coping.
E-Leadership and Teleworking in Times of COVID-19 and Beyond: What We Know and Where Do We Go
Authors: Contreras Francoise , Baykal Elif , Abid Ghulam
Published: December 2020

Suddenly, COVID-19 has changed the world and the way people work. Companies had to accelerate something they knew was imminent in the future, but not immediate and extremely humongous. This situation poses a huge challenge for companies to survive and thrive in this complex business environment and for employees, who must adapt to this new way of working. An effective e-leadership, which promotes companies’ adaptability, is needed. This study investigates the existing knowledge on teleworking and e-leadership; and analyzes the supposed challenges. The literature review shows that companies with effective e-leadership can view teleworking as an opportunity. It is advantageous for not only companies’ productivity but also the environment and people who work remotely. However, a traditional or no leadership can result in some risks. Thriving in remote work environments implies that managers must adjust the companies’ structure, making them less hierarchical, and developing new abilities to establish a strong and trustworthy relationship with their employees to maintain their competitiveness, while retaining a genuine concern for their employees’ well-being. Similarly, successful e-leadership must be able to consolidate and lead effective virtual teams to accomplish organizational goals. This study contributes to the literature and leaders during the pandemic.
Bis(dicarbollide) Complexes of Transition Metals as a Platform for Molecular Switches. Study of Complexation of 8,8′-Bis(methylsulfanyl) Derivatives of Cobalt and Iron Bis(dicarbollides)
Authors: Anufriev Sergey A. , Timofeev Sergey V. , Anisimov Alexei A. , Suponitsky Kyrill Yu. , Sivaev Igor B.
Published: December 2020

Complexation of the 8,8′-bis(methylsulfanyl) derivatives of cobalt and iron bis(dicarbollides) [8,8′-(MeS)2-3,3′-M(1,2-C2B9H10)2]− (M = Co, Fe) with copper, silver, palladium and rhodium leads to the formation of the corresponding chelate complexes, which is accompanied by a transition from the transoid to the cisoid conformation of the bis(dicarbollide) complex. This transition is reversible and can be used in design of coordination-driven molecular switches based on transition metal bis(dicarbollide) complexes. The solid-state structures of {(Ph3P)ClPd[8,8′- (MeS)2-3,3′-Co(1,2-C2B9H10)2-κ2-S,S′]} and {(COD)Rh[8,8′-(MeS)2-3,3′-Co(1,2-C2B9H10)2-κ2-S,S′]} were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction.
Mechanistic Aspects and Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin against COVID-19-Associated Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Diniz Lúcio Ricardo Leite , Souza Marilia Trindade de Santana , Duarte Allana Brunna Sucupira , Sousa Damião Pergentino de
Published: December 2020

The inflammatory mediator and oxidant agent storm caused by the SARS-CoV-2 infection has been strongly associated with the failure of vital organs observed in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the death of thousands of infected people around the world. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common renal disorder characterized by a sudden and sustained decrease in renal function with a critical influence on poor prognosis and lethal clinical outcomes of various etiologies, including some viral infection diseases. It is known that oxidative stress and inflammation play key roles in the pathogenesis and development of AKI. Quercetin is a natural substance that has multiple pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory action, and is used as a dietary supplement. There is evidence of the anti-coronavirus activities of this compound, including against the target SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro. The ability to inhibit coronavirus and its inflammatory processes is strongly desired in a new drug for the treatment of COVID-19. Therefore, in this review, the dual effect of quercetin is discussed from a mechanistic perspective in relation to AKI kidney injury and its nephroprotective potential to SARS-CoV-2 patients.
Expression of Somatostatin Receptor Subtypes (SSTR-1–SSTR-5) in Pediatric Hematological and Oncological Disorders
Authors: Harda Kristof , Szabo Zsuzsanna , Juhasz Eva , Dezso Balazs , Kiss Csongor , Schally Andrew V. , Halmos Gabor
Published: December 2020

Hematological and oncological disorders represent leading causes of childhood mortality. Neuropeptide somatostatin (SST) has been previously demonstrated in various pediatric tumors, but limited information exists on the expression and characteristics of SST receptors (SSTR) in hematological and oncological disorders of children. We aimed to investigate the expression of mRNA for SSTR subtypes (SSTR-1–5) in 15 pediatric hematological/oncological specimens by RT-PCR. The presence and binding characteristics of SSTRs were further studies by ligand competition assay. Our results show that the pediatric tumor samples highly expressed mRNA for the five SSTR subtypes with various patterns. The mRNA for SSTR-2 was detected in all specimens independently of their histological type. A Hodgkin lymphoma sample co-expressed mRNA for all five SSTR subtypes. SSTR-3 and SSTR-5 were detected only in malignant specimens, such as rhabdomyosarcoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and a single nonmalignant condition, hereditary spherocytosis. The incidence of SSTR-1 and SSTR-4 was similar (60%) in the 15 specimens investigated. Radioligand binding studies demonstrated the presence of specific SSTRs and high affinity binding of SST analogs in pediatric solid tumors investigated. The high incidence of SSTRs in hematological and oncological disorders in children supports the merit of further investigation of SSTRs as molecular targets for diagnosis and therapy.
2-Deoxy-d-glucose Promotes Buforin IIb-Induced Cytotoxicity in Prostate Cancer DU145 Cells and Xenograft Tumors
Authors: Wanyan Yangke , Xu Xixi , Liu Kehang , Zhang Huidan , Zhen Junai , Zhang Rong , Wen Jumei , Liu Ping , Chen Yuqing
Published: December 2020

Inhibition of the glycolytic pathway is a critical strategy in anticancer therapy because of the role of aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells. The glycolytic inhibitor 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) has shown potential in combination with other anticancer agents. Buforin IIb is an effective antimicrobial peptide (AMP) with broad-spectrum anticancer activity and selectivity. The efficacy of combination treatment with 2-DG and buforin IIb in prostate cancer remains unknown. Here, we tested the efficacy of buforin IIb as a mitochondria-targeting AMP in the androgen-independent human prostate cancer cell line DU145. Combining 2-DG with buforin IIb had a synergistic toxic effect on DU145 cells and mouse xenograft tumors. Combination treatment with 2-DG and buforin IIb caused stronger proliferation inhibition, greater G1 cell cycle arrest, and higher apoptosis than either treatment alone. Combination treatment dramatically decreased L-lactate production and intracellular ATP levels, indicating severe inhibition of glycolysis and ATP production. Flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy results indicate that 2-DG may increase buforin IIb uptake by DU145 cells, thereby increasing the mitochondria-targeting capacity of buforin IIb. This may partly explain the effect of combination treatment on enhancing buforin IIb-induced apoptosis. Consistently, 2-DG increased mitochondrial dysfunction and upregulated Bax/Bcl-2, promoting cytochrome c release to initiate procaspase 3 cleavage induced by buforin IIb. These results suggest that 2-DG sensitizes prostate cancer DU145 cells to buforin IIb. Moreover, combination treatment caused minimal hemolysis and cytotoxicity to normal WPMY-1 cells. Collectively, the current study demonstrates that dual targeting of glycolysis and mitochondria by 2-DG and buforin IIb may be an effective anticancer strategy for the treatment of some advanced prostate cancer.
Optical and Photoacoustic Properties of Laser-Ablated Silver Nanoparticles in a Carbon Dots Solution
Authors: Sadrolhosseini Amir Reza , Krishnan Ganesan , Shafie Suhaidi , Abdul Rashid Suraya , Wadi Harun Sulaiman
Published: December 2020

This study used the carbon dots solution for the laser ablation technique to fabricate silver nanoparticles. The ablation time range was from 5 min to 20 min. Analytical methods, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy were used to categorize the prepared samples. The UV-visible and z-scan techniques provided optical parameters such as linear and nonlinear refractive indices in the range of 1.56759 to 1.81288 and 7.3769 × 10−10 cm2 W−1 to 9.5269 × 10−10 cm2 W−1 and the nonlinear susceptibility was measured in the range of 5.46 × 10−8 to 6.97 × 10−8 esu. The thermal effusivity of prepared samples, which were measured using the photoacoustic technique, were in the range of 0.0941 W s1/2 cm−2 K−1 to 0.8491 W s1/2 cm−2 K−1. The interaction of the prepared sample with fluoride was investigated using a Raman spectrometer. Consequently, the intensity of the Raman signal decreased with the increasing concentration of fluoride, and the detection limit is about 0.1 ppm.
A Comparative Study of the Semiconductor Behavior of Organic Thin Films: TCNQ-Doped Cobalt Phthalocyanine and Cobalt Octaethylporphyrin
Authors: Sánchez-Vergara María Elena , Rios Citlalli , Jiménez-Sandoval Omar , Salcedo Roberto
Published: December 2020

The structure formed by cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) and cobalt octaethylporphyrin (CoOEP) with electron-acceptor tetracyano-π-quinodimethane (TCNQ), was studied by Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods. According to theoretical calculations, both cobalt systems can establish dispersion forces related to TCNQ and also in both cases the link between them is built by means of hydrogen bonds. Based on the results of these DFT calculations, we developed experimental work: the organic semiconductors were doped, and the thermal evaporation technique was used to prepare semiconductor thin films of such compounds. The structure of the films was studied by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. The optical properties of the CoPc-TCNQ and CoOEP-TCNQ films were investigated by means of UV-Vis measurements. The results obtained were used to estimate the type of transitions and the optical bandgap. The results were compared to the previously calculated theoretical bandgap. The CoOEP-TCNQ film presented the smallest theoretical and experimental bandgap. Finally, the electrical properties of the organic semiconductors were evaluated from a PET (polyethylene terephthalate)/indium tin oxide (ITO)/cobalt macrocycle-TCNQ/silver (Ag) device we prepared. The CoOEP-TCNQ-based device showed an ohmic behavior. The device manufactured from CoPc-TCNQ also showed an ohmic behavior at low voltages, but significantly changed to SCLC (space-charge limited conductivity) at high voltage values.
β-Carotene: Preventive Role for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: A Review
Authors: Marcelino Gabriela , Machate David Johane , Freitas Karine de Cássia , Hiane Priscila Aiko , Maldonade Iriani Rodrigues , Pott Arnildo , Asato Marcel Arakaki , Candido Camila Jordão , Guimarães Rita de Cássia Avellaneda
Published: December 2020

Carotenoids are vital antioxidants for plants and animals. They protect cells from oxidative events and act against the inflammatory process and carcinogenesis. Among the most abundant carotenoids in human and foods is β-carotene. This carotenoid has the highest level of provitamin A activity, as it splits into two molecules of retinol through the actions of the cytosolic enzymes: β-carotene-15,15′-monooxygenase (β-carotene-15,15′-oxygenase 1) and β-carotene-9′,10′-dioxygenase (β-carotene-9′,10′-oxygenase 2). The literature supports the idea that β-carotene acts against type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Due to the many processes involved in β-carotene biosynthesis and metabolic function, little is known about such components, since many mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, our study concisely described the relationships between the consumption of carotenoids, with emphasis on β-carotene, and obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated parameters in order to understand the preventive role of carotenoids better and encourage their consumption.
Diffusion Spectrum of Polymer Melt Measured by Varying Magnetic Field Gradient Pulse Width in PGSE NMR
Authors: Mohorič Aleš , Lahajnar Gojmir , Stepišnik Janez
Published: December 2020

The translational motion of polymers is a complex process and has a big impact on polymer structure and chemical reactivity. The process can be described by the segment velocity autocorrelation function or its diffusion spectrum, which exhibit several characteristic features depending on the observational time scale—from the Brownian delta function on a large time scale, to complex details in a very short range. Several stepwise, more-complex models of translational dynamics thus exist—from the Rouse regime over reptation motion to a combination of reptation and tube-Rouse motion. Accordingly, different methods of measurement are applicable, from neutron scattering for very short times to optical methods for very long times. In the intermediate regime, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is applicable—for microseconds, relaxometry, and for milliseconds, diffusometry. We used a variation of the established diffusometric method of pulsed gradient spin-echo NMR to measure the diffusion spectrum of a linear polyethylene melt by varying the gradient pulse width. We were able to determine the characteristic relaxation time of the first mode of the tube-Rouse motion. This result is a deviation from a Rouse model of polymer chain displacement at the crossover from a square-root to linear time dependence, indicating a new long-term diffusion regime in which the dynamics of the tube are also described by the Rouse model.