bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laws Limiting Access to SNAP Benefits for People With Felony Drug Convictions: A Policy-Mapping Study
Authors: Shah Hridika , McCourt Alexander D. , Bandara Sachini
Published: December 2024

Objectives. To map US state Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) bans for individuals with felony drug convictions between 2004 and 2021.

Methods. Using standard legal-mapping methodology, we categorized states as maintaining the lifetime ban imposed by federal law, modifying the lifetime ban, or fully opting out of the lifetime ban in each year. Among states with modified bans in 2021, we coded types of modifications.

Results. As of 2021, 26 states and the District of Columbia fully opted out of the lifetime ban, 23 states modified bans, and 1 state maintained a lifetime ban. Among states with modified bans in 2021, 13 states required compliance with parole and probation, 12 states required drug treatment, 7 states required drug testing, and 9 states limited eligibility to certain populations.

Conclusions. Most states effectively de-implemented the federal lifetime ban on SNAP for people with felony drug convictions by fully opting out or modifying bans over time. However, some states still had stringent modified ban provisions.

Public Health Implications. These findings underscore the need to study the effects of this patchwork of drug conviction–related ban policies on substance use and nutrition-related outcomes. ( Am J Public Health. 2025;115(2):170–177. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307873 )
The effects of high-intensity interval training on cognitive performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Kaihang , Zhao Wei , Li Congcong , Tian Ying , Wang Lijuan , Zhong Jingyi , Yan Xu , Wang Yezheng , Wang Liyan , Wang Hongbiao
Published: December 2024

Cognitive decline is an important feature of an aging population. Despite the large body of research investigating the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cognitive performance, reports of its effectiveness are inconsistent and it is difficult to determine what factors moderate these effects. The purpose of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of existing randomised controlled trials investigating the effects of HIIT on various domains of cognitive performance, and to further examine the intervention cycle and age-related moderating effects. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across a range of databases, including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and EBSCO. The meta-analysis included data from 20 RCT studies. The results of the analyses demonstrated that HIIT significantly enhanced information processing (SMD = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.15 ~ 0.52, P = 0.0005), executive function (SMD = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.26 ~ 0.50, P < 0.00001), and memory (SMD = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.07 ~ 0.35, P = 0.004). Subgroup analyses demonstrated that HIIT enhanced information processing in individuals aged 60 and above, improved executive functioning in individuals of all ages, and enhanced memory in individuals aged 30 to 60. Acute HIIT improved executive function, less than 8 weeks of HIIT improved executive function and memory, and more than 8 weeks of HIIT improved information processing, executive function and memory. The findings of this study indicate that HIIT has a beneficial effect on cognitive performance. Chronic HIIT represents a potential non-pharmacological intervention for cognitive health. Further high-quality research is required to validate and extend these findings.
Experimental study of condensation heat transfer in tubes under centrifugal force
Authors: Zhang Leigang , Ru Meng , Zhang Yonghai , Li Guopei , Chen Zhenqian , Chen Gang , Wu Xuehong
Published: December 2024

In this study, fluid flow during condensation in a tube under different gravity conditions is simulated by utilizing centrifugal force to offset gravitational effects. The role of fins, tube diameter, and vapor mass on the two-phase flow pattern, temperature distribution, and pressure drop is investigated. The results show that gravity, pipe diameter, and steam quality have a significant effect on the flow pattern. The flow characteristics were also significantly affected by the operating parameters, with undulating and laminar flow dominating, while bubbling flow emerges under specific conditions. In microgravity environments, as vapor mass decreases, the temperature drop diminishes progressively compared to normal gravity conditions. Under normal gravity and low flow conditions, the average temperature of finned tubes increased by 7°C to 16.4°C relative to bare tube temperatures, and the pressure drop escalated by up to 56%. The introduction of fins notably enhanced heat transfer efficiency and facilitated a more uniform temperature distribution. However, this enhancement in heat transfer was accompanied by an increase in pressure drop due to the heightened resistance to fluid flow caused by the presence of fins. These experimental insights offer a deeper comprehension of fluid behavior under diverse gravity conditions and lay a scientific foundation for designing future thermal management systems.
A Novel Multimodal and Multiscale Method for Intelligent Operation and Maintenance of Transformers Based on the Improved Deep Visual Large Model DETR+X and Digital Twin
Authors: Zhang Xuedong , Sun Wenlei , Chen Ke , Song Shijie
Published: December 2024

To achieve real-time monitoring and intelligent maintenance of transformers, a framework based on deep vision and digital twin has been developed. An enhanced visual detection model, DETR + X, is proposed, implementing multidimensional sample data augmentation through Swin2SR and GAN networks. This model converts one-dimensional DGA data into three-dimensional feature images based on Gram angle fields, facilitating the transformation and fusion of heterogeneous modal information. The Pyramid Vision Transformer (PVT) is innovatively adopted as the backbone for image feature extraction, replacing the traditional ResNet structure. A Deformable Attention mechanism is employed to handle the complex spatial structure of multi-scale features. Testing results indicate that the improved DETR + X model performs well in transformer state recognition tasks, achieving a classification accuracy of 100% for DGA feature maps. In object detection tasks, it surpasses advanced models such as YOLOV8 and Deformable DETR in terms of mAP50 scores, particularly demonstrating significant enhancements in small object detection. Furthermore, the Llava-7b model, fine-tuned based on domain expertise, serves as an expert decision-making tool for transformer maintenance, providing accurate operational recommendations based on visual detection results. Finally, based on digital twin and inference models, a comprehensive platform has been developed to achieve real-time monitoring and intelligent maintenance of transformers.
Progress in Mentalizing Ability among People with Psychosis through Dialogic Literary Gatherings
Authors: Fernández-Villardón Aitana , de Ibarra Alfonso Sáez , Domínguez-Panchón Ana , García-Carrión Rocío
Published: December 2024

Background: People with psychosis have a defragmented sense of self that prevents them from integrating perceptions, memories, thoughts and emotions of themselves and others. Therefore, interventions that enhance mentalization processes and promote reflection are necessary for a global recovery. These processes are acquired in a natural way through quality interactions and dialogues, thus, incorporating a dialogic approach in the treatment of psychotic disorders may be essential for recovery.
Methods: This research analyzes the impact of Dialogic Literary Gatherings (DLG) on the mentalization development of people with psychosis. A quasi-experimental study with a mixed methods design was conducted with 23 participants (6 women and 17 men) with psychosis who participated in DLGs for 5 months. The sessions (n=54), interviews (n=2) and focus groups (n=3) were transcribed and analyzed and mentalization was assessed using the Mentalization Scale.
Results: Results demonstrate an increase in mentalizing towards others and toward him or herself, and in motivation to mentalize. Interactions emerged in DLGs show empathy and understanding others’ feelings, as well as awareness of differences between people. Besides, sharing feelings within this dialogic environment promotes reflection about past experiences and purpose in life. Consistently, patients perceived these dialogues as a useful tool to reflect about aspects of their life and to change their mind by externalizing deep emotions.
Conclusions: This research sheds light on how Dialogic Literary Gatherings are a tool for increasing mentalizing among clinical populations.
Improving Hokkai Shrimp Tracking Accuracy in Eelgrass Ecosystems Using YOLOv8 with Reflection and Parallax Correction
Authors: Okada Natsuo , Kubo Serina , Zhu Yanhui , Takizawa Kaito , Wakae Shion , Nakamura Amane , Igawa Sakura , Ohtomo Yoko , Minami Kenji , Miyashita Kazushi , Kawamura Youhei
Published: December 2024

Eelgrass ecosystems provide essential habitats for species, such as the Hokkai shrimp (Pandalus latirostris), supporting biodiversity and sustainable fisheries. Understanding shrimp behavior in these environments is vital for conservation efforts, yet accurately tracking shrimp movement in controlled tank settings is challenging because of surface reflections and parallax distortions. This study introduces a novel, noninvasive You Only Look Once (YOLO) tracking system that uniquely addresses these issues by integrating proximity-based filtering to remove reflection artifacts and horizontal barrel transformations to correct parallax distortions. Through controlled tank experiments, the system accurately quantified shrimp movements and captured metrics such as distance, velocity, and angle to assess behavioral responses to acoustic telemetry pingers. The results showed a high detection accuracy, with success rates of 95.65% and 100% from the front and side views, respectively, ensuring reliable data on shrimp movement and pinger impact. These findings lay the groundwork for field applications, advancing methods for ecosystem service quantification, and supporting sustainable fishery management and biodiversity conservation in eelgrass ecosystems.
Cloud security using Biometric authentication and 6D Hyper Chaotic System
Authors: Joshi Anand B. , Singh Sonali , Sagar Richa
Published: December 2024

Nowadays, cloud computing is more frequently used to store data, especially digital images. The security of digital images in the cloud is very crucial. Here in this research paper, a technique is proposed to secure the cloud images. Biometric authentication makes our scheme more powerful in the security aspects. The proposed scheme uses the user's fingerprint to provide much more protection to digital images which are stored in a cloud network in encrypted form by using a 6D hyperchaotic map. To access the images, first user has to verify himself by using his fingerprint then a reverse encryption process is performed to get the decrypted images. Different types of security analysis tests are performed to check the robustness of the proposed encryption scheme. Experimental results show the robustness and efficiency of the technique.
Septic arthritis in a tertiary care NICU in eastern India- A case series
Authors: Ghosh Saugat , Uttam Kheya Ghosh , Khemka Priti , Kumari Priyanka
Published: December 2024

Purpose -This is a retrospective descriptive study of septic arthritis in a neonatal intensive care unit.There is no guided protocol of neonatal septic arthritis.The aim of this study is to know the clinicoetiological spectrum of septic arthritis in newborn, its complications and the treatment outcome with the currently practiced management techniques.
Methods -20 newborns were recruited in the study over a three-year period. The risk factors were analysed and joint predilection,its complications were noted. The causative organisms were analysed and treated with appropriate antibiotics.The outcomes after arthrotomy and antibiotic therapy were studied in terms of clinical and laboratory parameters at discharge and after 3 months.
Results -Staphylococcus aureus was found to be the predominant organism in this series. Term babies are more commonly affected and they present with restricted mobility,tenderness,swelling with or without fever.The hip joint was predominantly involved . Ultrasound is an effective tool for diagnosing joint effusion but MRI is required in detecting early osteomyelitis. CRP is an effective marker to guide the duration of therapy. Those with mild joint effusion and difficult to access joints,prolonged antibiotic therapy is the only option. In babies with significant joint effusion both open arthrotomy and prolonged antibiotic therapy was given.Even with open arthrotomy and adequate antibiotic therapy,restricted mobility and limb shortening are noted in some of them.
Conclusion - Septic arthritis is a deep-seated infection in neonates. Being immunocompromised the newborns are more susceptible to aggressive joint damage and bony deformity, so they need early targeted therapy to prevent future complications. Even with open arthrotomy and prolonged antibiotic therapy,still there are chances of bone and joint deformity.
Dynamic Multiday Seizure Cycles in a Tetanus Toxin Rat Model of Epilepsy:Evolving Rhythms and Implications for Prediction
Authors: Eskikand Parvin Zarei , Cook Mark , Burkitt Anthony , Grayden David
Published: December 2024

Epilepsy is characterized by recurrent, unpredictable seizures that impose significant challenges in dailymanagement and treatment. One emerging area of interest is the identification of seizure cycles, includingmultiday patterns, which may offer insights into seizure prediction and treatment optimization. This studyinvestigated multiday seizure cycles in a Tetanus Toxin (TT) rat model of epilepsy. Six TT-injected rats wereobserved over a 40-day period, with continuous EEG monitoring to record seizure events. Wavelet transformanalysis revealed significant multiday cycles in seizure occurrences, with periods ranging from 4 to 7 daysacross different rats. Synchronization Index (SI) analysis demonstrated variable phase locking, with somerats showing strong synchronization of seizures with specific phases of the cycle. Importantly, the studyrevealed that these seizure cycles are dynamic and evolve over time, with some rats exhibiting shifts in cycleperiods during the recording period. This suggests that the underlying neural mechanisms driving these cyclesmay change as the epileptic state progresses. The identification of stable and evolving multiday rhythms inseizure activity, independent of external factors, highlights a potential intrinsic biological basis for seizuretiming. These findings offer promising avenues for improving seizure forecasting and designing personalized,timing-based therapeutic interventions in epilepsy. Future research should explore the underlying neuralmechanisms and clinical applications of multiday seizure cycles.
Therapeutic Hypothermia in Preterm Infants Under 36 Weeks: Outcomes and Brain MRI Findings
Authors: Roca-Llabrés Paola , Fontalvo-Acosta Melissa , Aldecoa-Bilbao Victoria , Alarcón Ana
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a significant cause of neonatal brain injury. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is the standard treatment for term neonates, but its safety and efficacy in neonates <36 weeks’ gestational age (GA) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of preterm infants with HIE treated with TH.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of preterm infants (<36w’GA) treated with TH (01/2019-06/2024). Data on demographics, clinical complications, coagulation profiles, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and neurodevelopment outcomes were analyzed.
Results: Seventeen patients were included (median GA 34.4w; median birth weight 2300g), 58.8% were male. Placental abruption was identified in 7 cases (41.2%), and 8 (47.1%) required advanced resuscitation. Thirteen patients (76.5%) presented anemia, 12 (70.6%) coagulopathy, 9 (52.9%) thrombocytopenia, and 9 (52.9%) acute liver failure. Hypofibrinogenemia (<1g/L) was significantly associated with severe intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and mortality unrelated to withdrawal of care. MRI findings were classified based on the predominant lesion: I-hypoxic-ischemic injury, II-severe ICH, or III-normal/mild findings. Severe ICH was the predominant lesion in 4 cases (23.5%). White matter injury was seen in 12 (76%). Death occurred in 8 cases (47.1%), with 3 (37.5%) resulting from withdrawal of care and 5 (62.5%) from fatal complications. Of the 9 surviving patients, at 2 years, 6 (66.7%) had normal neurodevelopment, while 1 (11.1%) had severe disability.
Conclusion: Coagulation abnormalities, particularly hypofibrinogenemia, significantly increase the risk of severe ICH and mortality in <36w infants treated with TH. The safety and efficacy of TH in this population require further investigation.
Knowledge, attitudes and factors associated with the utilization of youth- friendly sexual and reproductive health services among teenagers and young adults in Kigali city, Rwanda
Authors: Nyirarukundo Julienne , Venuste Musugire , Nsangiyumva Boniface , Mukashyaka Joëlla , Nzeyimana Zephanie
Published: December 2024

Background
Youth-friendly sexual and reproductive health services (YFSRHSs) play a paramount role in supporting the physiological, cognitive, emotional, and social evolution of young people into healthy and productive adults. In Rwanda, services are provided by health facilities with trained healthcare providers and youth centers where young people are additionally equipped with short professional courses such as welding, cooking, football, and computer literacy, among others. This study was conducted to assess knowledge and attitudes toward YFSRHS and determine the factors associated with their use among non-married or cohabiting teenagers and young adults (TYAs) aged 15–24 years.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional survey in which data were collected from July 8 to 22, 2024. The collected data were analyzed via STATA version 17. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was used to identify factors associated with the utilization of the YFSRHS. Statistical significance was assumed at a p value less than 0.05.
Setting:
Data were collected in three districts of Kigali city in Rwanda, Eastern Africa.
Results
This study revealed that out of the 850 TYAs included in the study, both sexes were nearly equally represented: 49.4% females versus 50.6% males. The proportions of TYAs with adequate knowledge, positive attitudes, and practices were 76.9%, 70.0%, and 60.0%, respectively. The predictors of YFSRHS use include living in the Gasabo district [aOR:4 with 95% C. I: 2.5–6.1], being aware of the services [aOR:3.8 with 95% C. I: 2.3–6.2], having adequate knowledge of YFSRHS [aOR: 2.6 with 95% C. I: 1.7–3.9], being a student in a school located near lodges/guest houses [aOR:1.6 with 95% C. I: 1.0–2.6], being female [aOR: 1.6 with 95% C. I: 1.1–2.3], being cared for by a father [aOR:2.4 with 95% C. I: 1.4–4.1] or a mother only [aOR: 1.8 with 95% C. I: 1.8–2.7], and having positive attitudes toward YFSRHS [aOR: 1.8 with 95% C. I: 1.2–2.7]. Furthermore, the number of TYAs who ever used YFSRHS was 2.2 [aOR: 2.2 with 95% C. I: 0.9–5.1] times more likely to be using contraceptives, and 2.4 [aOR:2.4 with 95% C. I: 1.6–3.4] more likely to have been tested for HIV than those who were not.
Conclusion
Despite the apparent benefits of YFSRH in increasing the uptake of HIV testing and contraception services among TYAs in Kigali city, their use remains low, mainly due to a lack of adequate knowledge, which in turn affects the positive attitudes of TYAs toward YFSRHS, especially among males. Thus, efforts aimed at increasing the utilization of services should focus on increasing awareness of TYAs in services, with a particular emphasis on males and those at greater risk of HIV and unintended pregnancies.
Significance of Ultrasound Combined with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Monitoring Transfusion- Associated Intestinal Injury in Extremely Preterm Infants: A Study Protocol for a Prospective, Observational Study
Authors: Zhang Yahui , Zhu Weiwei , Du Qing , Chen Liling , Huang Jianqiu , Liu Yunfeng
Published: December 2024

Background
Most preterm infants with a gestational age < 32 weeks in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) undergo blood transfusion therapy during their hospital stay to enhance their oxygen-carrying capacity and improve the oxygenation of vital organs. However, anemia and blood transfusions can lead to intestinal damage. Bedside abdominal ultrasonography and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) are widely applied to monitor intestinal injury and oxygen perfusion. We hypothesized that in preterm infants (gestational age < 32 weeks) with anemia and indications for transfusion, signs of intestinal injury detected by abdominal ultrasound and NIRS may appear earlier than clinical symptoms, signs, and other auxiliary examinations. Herein, we present the protocol of a study designed to assess whether abdominal ultrasonography and NIRS could therefore improve the timeliness, sensitivity, and accuracy of intestinal injury diagnosis, thereby improving prognosis.
Methods
This prospective observational study will enroll infants with a gestational age between 23 + 0 and 31 + 6 weeks with neonatal anemia, who meet the criteria for blood transfusion, and scheduled to receive transfusion therapy. In addition to routine clinical symptoms, signs, and other auxiliary examination monitoring during the transfusion process, abdominal ultrasound and NIRS findings will be analyzed. The primary outcome is the prediction intestinal injury related to anemia/transfusion using ultrasound and NIRS. A sample size of 100 cases has been set.
Conclusion
The etiology of transfusion-associated neonatal enterocolitis (TANEC) remains unclear and may result from multiple factors. Several prospective studies have assessed the significance and advantages of abdominal ultrasound combined with NIRS for monitoring intestinal injury in anemic states and transfusion therapy. Therefore, this trial aims to test the following hypothesis: monitoring intestinal injury in preterm infants (gestational age < 32 weeks) with anemia receiving red blood cell transfusions using abdominal ultrasound and NIRS can provide real-time information on changes in intestinal oxygenation during transfusion, to identify specific signs and trends in the digestive system prior to clinical symptoms and other auxiliary examination methods, thereby guiding and adjusting clinical decisions more accurately, sensitively, and rapidly. Thus, monitoring could reduce or prevent the occurrence and progression of intestinal injury, thereby improving long-term survival and prognosis.
Clinical Trial Registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05137340.
First report of Gyrodactylus teuchis (Monopisthocotyla: Gyrodactylidae) in farmed rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss from Eastern Europe
Authors: Parshukov Aleksey , Ieshko Evgeny , Sokolov Sergey , Mugue Lubov , Mugue Nikolai
Published: December 2024

Gyrodactylus teuchis is a widespread in Western and Central Europe parasite of wild and farmed salmonid fishes. We recorded this parasite species on one-year-old caged rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss from Lake Kalmozero (White Sea drainage system, Republic of Karelia, Russia) in May and October 2023. The infection prevalence was 100% and 75%, and the mean abundance was 20.8 and 18.1 ind., respectively. Morphological identification of these specimens was confirmed by molecular data on the mitochondrial cox1 gene. This is the first report on G. teuchis finding in the White Sea drainage basin as well as in cage-reared rainbow trout in Russia.
More Anastomotic Ulcers, Less Dumping and Equal Weight Loss in Long vs. Short Gastric Pouch in Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
Authors: Buehler Gaby , Schneider Romano , Peterli Ralph , Suesstrunk Julian , Kraljević Marko , Woellnerhansen Bettina , Fourie Lana
Published: December 2024

Background
Anastomotic ulcers (AU) at the gastroenterostomy are a common postoperative complication after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (LRYGB). Possible risk factors for ulcer formation include active smoking, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, increased tension or ischemia at the anastomosis, or factors that increase the acid secretion of the gastric pouch. Therefore, a longer gastric pouch may increase risk of AU formation after LRYGB.
Methods
This study is a retrospective analysis of prospective collected data from patients undergoing LRYGB between 2009 and 2019 with a minimum follow-up of two years. We analyzed AU formation, other complications, age, weight evolution, obesity associated medical problems, smoking-status, and medication in two groups; long (LP-GP) vs. short pouch (SP-GP) LRYGB.
Results
A total of 1058 patients were included in the analysis (178 with LP-GP and 880 with SP-GP). A long gastric pouch significantly increased the rate of AU (LP-GP 12.4% vs. SP-GP 2.6%, p = < 0.01, OR 5.3). In contrast, the appearance of dumping syndrome improved in patients undergoing LP-GP (LP-GP 49% vs. SP-GP 60%, P = < 0.01, OR 1.5). Whereas no difference was observed between the groups in terms of weight loss in the first two years after surgery.
Conclusion
LRYGB with a long compared to a short gastric pouch increases the rate of AU while decreasing the appearance of dumping syndrome. These findings influence the postoperative course of patients undergoing LRYGB, particularly concerning prolonged proton pump inhibitor prophylaxis and a possible tailored surgical approach.
A Quantum Annealing-Based Approach for Multi-Objective Optimization in Flexible Job Shop Scheduling using Quantum- Adaptive Flex Scheduler
Authors: Chinnusamy T. R. , Raja V. L. , T Gopalakrishnan , R Manikandan
Published: December 2024

The advent of quantum computing has introduced transformative potential for solving complex optimization problems, particularly in the field of manufacturing. This paper presents the Quantum-Adaptive Flex Scheduler (QAFS), a hybrid algorithm that leverages Quantum Annealing (QA) to address the Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem (FJSSP) with multiple objectives. QAFS integrates quantum mechanics with traditional heuristic methods to efficiently navigate the vast solution space of FJSSP, overcoming the computational limitations faced by classical algorithms. Our computational study demonstrates that QAFS significantly improves key performance metrics: it reduces makespan by 10–15%, enhances workload distribution by 5–10%, and achieves priority adherence 10–20% more effectively than Classical Scheduling Algorithms (CSA). Moreover, QAFS achieves superior solution quality, attaining an 85% C-metric coverage and a HyperVolume Ratio (HVR) of 0.92, underscoring its capability to generate Pareto-efficient solutions in multi-objective scenarios. These findings highlight the practical potential of QAFS to revolutionize production planning and control in manufacturing, offering a scalable and adaptive solution that responds effectively to real-time constraints and fluctuating market demands.
Securing IoMT-Based Healthcare Systems with Meta-Heuristic Quantum Cryptography and Honeybee Optimization
Authors: Hazber Mohamed A.G. , Alreshidi Abdulrahman , Altamimi Mohammed , Muniasamy Anandhavalli , Islam Asharul , Ahmed Mohammed Altaf , Alalayah Khaled M. , Hussain Shahid , Irshad Reyazur Rashid
Published: December 2024

The proliferation of sensing technology, coupled with the integration of cloud infrastructure in Internet of Medical Things (IoMT)-based healthcare frameworks, revolutionizes patient healthcare by enabling remote monitoring and leveraging the scalability, flexibility, and computational power of the cloud for efficient data processing, analysis, and decision-making. This transformative approach enhances patient care quality, mitigates risks, reduces waiting times and costs, and avoids the need for frequent visits to doctors. Albeit this development empowers seamless data processing across a sophisticated network of interconnected devices and servers, while concurrently posing noteworthy security risks that magnify the potential for vulnerabilities and breaches throughout the entire data processing pipeline. Conventional cryptographic algorithms, based on computational complexity, struggle to sufficiently secure sensitive healthcare data against the rapid advancements in computing power and the potential breakthroughs in algorithmic attacks. This underscores the necessity for powerful cryptographic algorithms that can effectively defend against advanced computational attacks, ensuring enhanced security and maintaining the confidentiality and integrity of information. To address these challenges, this paper presents a novel hybrid security model that combines the honeybee optimization algorithm with quantum cryptography. Quantum cryptography ensures the secure generation and distribution of encryption keys within healthcare systems, mitigating vulnerabilities. The integration of Honeybee optimization in the cloud server enhances data integrity and optimizes system performance. The honeybee fitness function accurately estimates the integrity of encrypted data by comparing it with the original hash value. Additionally, a user verification module is developed to authenticate authorized users and prevent unauthorized data access. The proposed framework is applied to a publicly available smart healthcare dataset, revealing a confidentiality rate of 98.00 %, a data integrity rate of 99.00 %, and a low error rate of 0.12 %. These results showcase the superior performance of the model compared to existing techniques. This research provides a robust solution to the security and privacy concerns in IoMT-based healthcare systems, fostering trust and ensuring the integrity of sensitive healthcare information.
Detecting Trajectory of Targeted Attack by Hidden Markov Model
Authors: Ou Ya-Hui , Tsai Yi-Lang , Wu Zhen-Yu
Published: December 2024

The proliferation of the internet has accelerated information transmission, greatly facilitating everyday life. However, with the growth of digitalization, cyber attacks have become increasingly prevalent, and information security issues have intensified. Modern cyber attack methods are rapidly evolving, moving from random attacks to precise, targeted assaults on government agencies and enterprises, with Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) being a prominent example. These targeted attacks often infiltrate systems undetected, lying dormant until the opportune moment to strike, frequently causing substantial damage before detection.
This study, based on real-world cyber attack data, identifies that attack behaviors often exhibit observable patterns before initiation. Therefore, the study employs the Elastic Net model to isolate critical attack characteristics, further analyzing and predicting attack behavior using a Hidden Markov Model (HMM). The HMM, grounded in sequence behavior, is capable of managing randomness and uncertainty, enabling early detection of latent attack actions before significant damage occurs.
Experimental results show that this approach significantly enhances the precision of network security monitoring and effectively reduces the potential losses caused by attacks. In an environment of increasingly complex cyber threats, this study offers a combined theoretical and practical solution to strengthen real-time warnings and bolster cybersecurity defenses.
Symbolic-regression aided development of a new cubic equation of state for improved liquid phase density calculation at pressures up to 100 MPa
Authors: Yang Xiaoxian , Frotscher Ophelia , Richter Markus
Published: December 2024

For over a century, cubic equations of state (EoS) have been used to calculate density and phase equilibria of pure fluids and mixtures. Despite a century’s development with hundreds of resulting cubic EoS, their accuracy in liquid phase density calculations is still unsatisfactory. In this work, a new cubic EoS was developed to improve the accuracy of liquid phase density calculation while keeping similar accuracy of other properties. The new cubic EoS, named YFR (Yang-Frotscher-Richter) EoS, was developed based on the functional form of the Patel-Teja (PT) EoS [p = RT/(v-b) – a/(v(v + b) + c(v-b)]. In the PT EoS, parameters b and c are linked to an empirical critical compressibility factor ξC, and all these three parameters are constants for a pure fluid. By contrast, in the YFR EoS, ξC, b, and c are functions of temperature, and the equations describing this dependency were developed with symbolic regression. This is the key to improving liquid phase density calculation, although it leads to thermodynamic inconsistencies at high pressures. The application range of the new cubic EoS is thus limited to pressures up to 100 MPa. The YFR EoS was developed using nearly all pure fluids available in NIST’s REFPROP 10.0 database, with reference values computed with REFPROP. The average of the absolute value of relative deviations (AARD) of liquid phase densities calculated with the YFR EoS from reference values is approximately 2%, compared to 3% when using the Patel-Teja-Valderrama (PTV) EoS and 6% when using the Peng-Robinson (PR) EoS. The YFR EoS has been implemented in our self-developed OilMixProp 1.0 software package.
Effects of Feel Your Best Self Mini-Lessons During Morning Meeting on Kindergarten Class-Wide Behaviors
Authors: Chafouleas Saandra M , Weiner Michael A , Koslouski Jessica B
Published: December 2024

Universal prevention efforts in schools have been advocated as a way to address substantial challenges in access to social, emotional, and behavioral supports, but schools often struggle to deliver these services effectively. Feel Your Best Self (FYBS) was developed as one solution by offering a flexible, easy-to-use way for elementary teachers to integrate learning simple emotion-coping strategies. Using an alternating treatment design, we investigate the effects of FYBS mini-lessons delivered during Morning Meeting on class-wide behavior compared to business-as-usual Morning Meeting in a kindergarten classroom. Systematic direct observation and Direct Behavior Ratings of class-wide behaviors were used as outcomes. Results suggest increased class-wide academic engagement and positive affect in the instructional period following FYBS mini-lessons, as well as decreased disruptive behavior. No differences were found in class-wide frustration tolerance or flexibility. FYBS mini-lessons were perceived as highly usable by the teacher. This study provides initial evidence that FYBS can be used to promote emotion skills and positive classroom behavior and can be integrated into existing classroom routines such as Morning Meetings.
The utility of physical activity questionnaires among African origin populations; lost in translation?
Authors: Davies Jessica C. , Choo-Kang Candice , Soepnel Larske , Geffen Hayli , Mtintsilana Asanda , Africa Chad , Bovet Pascal , Viswanathan Bharathi , Bedu-Addo Kweku , Boateng Prince Oti , Apusiga Kingsley , Dei Oscar Akunor , Forrester Terrence E. , Lambert Estelle V. , Sinyanya Nandipha , Layden Brian T. , Gilbert Jack A. , Ecklu-Mensah Gertrude , Joyce Cara , Luke Amy , Dugas Lara R.
Published: December 2024

Background: Physical activity (PA) is an important preventive factor of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), particularly cardiovascular disease, yet progress towards reducing physical inactivity in populations is slow. Population-levels of PA are most often estimated using self-report questionnaires in population surveys, such as the Global PA Questionnaire (GPAQ), which may not accurately reflect objectively measured PA, such as accelerometers. The aim of the current study was to compare self-report vs objectively measured PA across 5 African-origin populations.
Methods: Approximately 2,000 African-origin men and women (35-55 yrs) were enrolled in a prospective cohort study to explore the relationship between lifestyle and cardiometabolic health. Participants were from Ghana, South Africa (SA), Jamaica, Seychelles, and the United States (US). Data collection included objective PA (accelerometer) and self-reported PA (GPAQ). WHO defines “sufficiently active” as performing >150 minutes of moderate intensity PA per week, or >600 MET*min/week (metabolic equivalent of task in minutes/week). Logistic regression was used to determine the proportion of participants that were physically active by accelerometry, among those who were found as sufficiently active based on GPAQ.
Results: 1,161 participants had complete self-reported PA and accelerometery data. Overall, 23.5% were classified as sufficiently active by both PA measures, while 38.2% of those classified as sufficiently active based on self-reported PA did not meet the criteria using objective monitoring (sensitivity of GPAQ: 74%, specificity: 44%). Among participants who were classified as sufficiently active according to the questionnaire (n=717), participants from Ghana (OR=3.2, p<0.01), SA (OR=5.3, p<0.01), Jamaica (OR=2.3, p=0.01), and Seychelles (OR=1.9, p=0.03) were more likely to be similarly classified as sufficiently active based on accelerometry, compared to those from the US, and men (OR=2.9, p<0.01) more likely than women. Finally, obese participants had 0.4 times lower adjusted odds to be similarly classified as sufficiently active using objective measures compared to non-obese participants (p<0.01).
Conclusion: Our findings further underscore difficulties in interpreting self-reported PA, which may furthermore vary across different settings and socio-economic settings. Given the importance of PA interventions for reducing the NCD burden, future research should explore tailored approaches to better understand self-report PA accuracy and to better assess the dose-response between PA and cardiometabolic risk.
Improved Practical BDD-based Cryptanalysis of Keystream Generators with application to Trivium
Authors: Makwana Yash , Panigrahi Anupama , Pal S.K.
Published: December 2024

The Binary Decision Diagrams(BDD) have played important role in hardware verification, model checking, and logic synthesis, where they optimize the handling of complex Boolean expressions by reducing redundancy and ensuring canonical representation. Harish Sahu et. al. in 2017 gave a practical way to use ROBDDs to attack stream ciphers and compared different ways of operating AND operations between BDDs. We show that this method is not the universally fastest to perform a binary operation between any two objects. A successful attack requires the reduction of time and space complexity to the greatest extent possible. In this direction, we propose a new method that uses BDDs to attack any stream cipher with time complexity of $O(\frac{n}{4}\bar{M}^2)$, and demonstrate its application to a well known estream cipher, Trivium. We present Time and Space Analysis by means of several experiments and find that our method outperforms the earlier one in time and under certain conditions in space. Through comprehensive time and space analysis conducted via multiple experiments, we demonstrate that our method outperforms the previous approach in terms of time efficiency and, under specific conditions, in space efficiency as well.
ЭВРИСТИЧЕСКИЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ТЕОРИЙ В ИЗУЧЕНИИ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ ДЕВИАЦИЙ В РОССИИ И ЕВРОПЕ НА РУБЕЖЕ XIX–XX ВВ.
Authors: Поршнева О.С.
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируется эвристический потенциал социологических теорий в изучении девиантных практик, получивших распространение на рубеже XIX–XX вв. в Рос-сии и Европе в условиях кризиса модерна. Рассмотрены познавательные возможности концепций Э. Дюркгейма, Р. Мертона, П. Сорокина, Н. Смелзера, Т. Парсонса, Г. Беккера, Т. Селлина, использование их идей для исследования социальных девиаций. Сделан вывод о том, что они позволяют изучить ряд взаимосвязанных проблем, среди которых причины распространения и условия воспроизводства девиантных социальных практик; проявления аномии в быстро меняющихся обществах; влияние конфликта культур, войн и революций на характер и уровень социальных девиаций; меры социального контроля и их эффективность; восприятие девиаций и их репрезентация в дискурсах и социальных практиках.

The article reveals the heuristic potential of sociological theories in the study of deviant practices that have become widespread in Russia and Europe in the context of the crisis of modernity at the turn of the XX century. The cognitive possibilities of the concepts of E. Durkheim, R. Merton, P. Sorokin, N. Smelzer, T. Parsons, H. Becker, T. Sellin, the use of their ideas for the study of the problems of social deviations are considered. It is concluded that they allow us to study a number of interrelated problems, including the causes of the spread and conditions of reproduction of deviant social practices; manifestations of anomie in rapidly changing societies; the impact of cultural conflict, wars and revolutions on nature and level of social deviations; social control measures and their effectiveness; perception of deviations and their representation in discourses and social practices.
ПОЛЬСКИЙ ВОПРОС В РОССИИ XIX– НАЧАЛА XX ВЕКА В ОЦЕНКЕ Н.И. КАРЕЕВА. ЧАСТЬ 1
Authors: Кручковский Т.Т.
Published: December 2024

Польская проблема занимает важное место в творчестве известного русского либерального историка Н.И. Кареева. В статье рассматриваются взгляды Кареева на польскую проблему в России XIX – начала XX в.: исходные позиции историка по данной проблеме, ее составляющие, эволюция взглядов. Кареев рассматривал польскую проблему в России в связи с демократизацией жизни в стране.

The Polish problem occupies an important place in the works of the famous Russian liberal historian N.I. Kareeva. The article discusses the views of N.I. Kareev on the Polish problem in Russia in the 19th – early 20th centuries: the historian’s initial positions on this problem, its components, the evolution of views. N.I. Kareev considered the Polish problem in Russia in connection with the democratization of life in the country, believing that they are interconnected.
КАК МЫСЛЯТ ЦЕРКОВНЫЕ ИНСТИТУТЫ МЕХАНИЗМЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ЭТНОКОНФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТИ
Authors: Давыдов И.П. , Фадеев И.А.
Published: December 2024

Объектом исследования выступают западнохристианские церковные институты, а предметом – способы их функционирования в качестве «думающих / мыслящих коллективов» (das Denkkollektiv). Цель – верификация на материале истории христианской церкви гипотезы британского антрополога Мэри Дуглас о наличии у социальных институтов специфического «коллективного способа мышления». Для ее достижения были выполнены следующие задачи: (а) выяснен контекст обращения М. Дуглас к сфере сакрального и религиозного; (б) уточнена преемственность понятийного аппарата М. Дуглас как наследницы функционализма дюркгейминианской школы; (в) актуализирован институциональный аспект в дефиниции религии Эмилем Дюркгеймом; (г) с опорой на ритуалистику и социологию религии эксплицирована роль создателей и носителей ритуалов как элиты церковных «мыслящих коллективов». Соавторы приходят к выводу, что: (1) в религии, наряду с ритуальным и мифологическим, необходимо учитывать третий аспект – институциональный; (2) церкви представляют собой «мыслящие моральные общности» клира и паствы; (3) ученое сословие «мудрецов» продуцирует и поддерживает официальную публичную память и, пользуясь сакрализованными мифами, закрепляет ее в актах идентитарной мемориализации и коммеморации; (4) ключевую функцию поведенческого маркера при этом играет литургический ритуал.

The object of the study is Western Christian church institutions, and the subject is the ways in which they function as ‘thought collectives’ (das Denkkollektiv). The aim is to verify Mary Douglas's hypothesis that there is a specific “collective way of thinking” in social institutions by drawing on examples from church history. To this end, the following objectives were accomplished: (a) to clarify the context of Mary Douglas's reference to the sphere of the sacred and religious; (b) to clarify the continuity of her conceptual apparatus as a representative of the Durkheimian school of functionalism; (c) to actualise the institutional aspect of Émile Durkheim's definition of religion; (d) to explicate the role of the originators and bearers of rituals as the elite of church “thought collectives” by drawing on ritual studies and sociology of religion. The co-authors conclude that: (1) in religion, along with the ritual and mythological, a third aspect, namely the institutional one, must be taken into account; (2) churches are ‘moral thought collectives’ of both clergy and laity; (3) the scholarly class of ‘wise men’ produces and maintains official public memory and, drawing on sacralised myths, consolidates it in acts of identitarian memorialisation and commemoration; (4) liturgical ritual plays a key function as a behavioural marker.
«ВМЕСТЕ БОРОЛИСЬ, ВМЕСТЕ СТРОИМ!» ОБРАЗ СОВЕТИЗАЦИИ И СССР В МЕМУАРАХ ЧЕХОСЛОВАЦКИХ ИСТОРИКОВ ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЫ ХХ В.
Authors: Груздинская В.С. , Назаров С.О.
Published: December 2024

После Второй мировой войны страны Восточной Европы попали в орбиту советско-го политического влияния. Начался процесс советизации всех сторон жизни общест-ва. Советская историография была провозглашена ориентиром для национальных ис-ториографий, а советские историки развернули в регионе кипучую деятельность. Че-хословацкая историческая наука не стала исключением в этом процессе. Одновре-менно разрушение старых оснований исторической науки и возведение на их месте новых институций не только меняло «фасад» и перекраивало бывшие каналы комму-никаций, но и оказывало влияние на личность самого ученого, иногда ставя его перед выбором между сопротивлением или приспособлением к происходящему. Именно поэтому обращение к источникам, отражающим личный опыт проживания эпохи со-ветизации, имеет большой исследовательский потенциал. В статье рассматриваются мемуары трех чехословацких историков – Й. Полишенского, Ф. Кавки и М. Мышки, и предпринимается попытка реконструкции восприятия современниками процессов советизации и «самосоветизации» чехословацкой исторической науки.

After the Second World War, the countries of Eastern Europe fell into the orbit of Soviet political influence. The process of Sovietisation of all aspects of society began. Czechoslovak historical science was no exception to this process. Soviet historiography was proclaimed as a reference point for national historiographies, and Soviet historians were very active in the region. At the same time, the destruction of the old foundations of historical science and the construction of new institutions in their place not only changed the “façade” and reshaped the former channels of communication, but also had an impact on the personality of the scholar himself, sometimes confronting him with a choice between resistance or accommodation. Therefore, turning to sources reflecting the personal expe-rience of living through the Sovietisation has great research potential. The article examines the memoirs of three Czechoslovak historians – J. Polišenský, F. Kavka, and M. Myška, with the help of which an attempt is made to reconstruct the perception of contemporaries of the processes of sovietisation and “self-sovietisation” of Czechoslovak historical science.