bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of automotive mechanical automatic transmission system based on torsional vibration reduction
Authors: You Zhuan
Published: January 2023

Automatic transmission system is the core part of vehicle transmission processing, which can improve driving safety. In order to improve the shift effect of automotive automatic mechanical transmission and narrow the gap between the vehicle speed and the expected speed, an automotive automatic mechanical transmission system based on torsional damping was designed in the experiment. On the basis of hardware composed of different modules and fuzzy control algorithm, the system realizes the software design of vehicle automatic mechanical transmission system. The experimental results show that when the system is applied in practice, the gear selection time of the vehicle is between 0.2 s-0.3 s, and the gear shift time is between 0.3 s-0.4 s. The gap between the vehicle speed and the expected speed, and between the vehicle speed and the expected speed is small. The practical application effect is good.
Experimental evaluation of two-layer air bubble curtains to prevent seawater intrusion into rivers
Authors: Kahrizi Ehsan , Salehi Neyshabouri Seyed Ali Akbar , Zeynolabedin Amin , Souri Javad , Akbari Hassan
Published: January 2023

The seawater intrusion (SWI) into rivers can lead to many negative consequences, especially on agricultural activities and live ecosystems in upstream areas of rivers. One solution to prevent SWI is using air bubble curtains (ABCs). The objective of this study is to investigate the optimal location of ABCs and airflows. To this end, several tests with different flow and salinity rates were performed and effect of ABC location on SWI investigated. The results show that, when the ratio of seawater to freshwater densities increased from 1.006 to 1.010, the ratio of saline wedge tip velocity to seawater velocity, airflow to seawater discharge ratio for first and second ABCs are raised 60, 58, and 70%, respectively. Also, when the Froude number (Fr) > 0.031, seawater density changes do not significantly affect the process of SWI. Besides, results of the study show that the closer the ABC is to the river downstream, the higher the airflow rates required. In addition, the optimal value of air bubbles for controlling SWI depends on the density of seawater, where more airflow is required to control denser flows. Finally, the regression equations to predict the SWI parameters based on flow properties were derived.
Development of Heparin Antagonists with Focused Biological Activity
Authors: Shenoy Shilpa , Sobel Michael , Harris Robert B.
Published: January 2023

Heparin, a complex glycosaminoglycan, has long been used to temporarily render the blood incoagulable during extracorporeal circulation, cardiovascular surgery, and other arterial interventions. But bleeding complications are especially common when the arterial tree is violated, occurring in as many as 10-15% of cases. For cardiovascular surgery and many related interventions, protamine has long been the standard antagonist when acute and complete neutralization of heparin's anticoagulant effect is necessary. Protamine's efficacy is related in part to its total net cationic charge, but unfortunately so is its toxicity. For these reasons, there is renewed interest in developing heparin antagonists which will replace the use of protamine. At Commonwealth Biotechnologies, Inc., we have used a rationale design approach for the preparation of a family of low molecular weight helix peptides which bind heparin with high affinity. For each of the new compounds, we have assessed their ability to bind heparin using isothermal titration calorimetry and circular dichroism spectrometry and have examined potential complexes formed with the anticoagulant pentasaccharide unit of heparin using molecular modeling techniques. The biological potencies of these compounds were assessed in ex vivo experiments where their ability to compete with antithrombin for binding heparin was determined. The best of the compounds, designated HepArrest™, is highly effective in reversing heparin-mediated and HepArrest is a safer drug than protamine because of reduced adverse hemodynamic side effects compared with those associated with protamine. HepArrest binds low molecular weight heparins and causes reversal of anticoagulation by low molecular weight heparins, as determined by activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, or factor Xa neutralization assays. These highly promising preclinical results indicate that HepArrest is a novel heparin neutralizing agent that may well fill a substantial unmet need for vascular surgeons and cardiac anesthesiologists who perform coronary artery bypass grafts and several other major vascular surgeries, as well as for cardiologists and interventional radiologists.
Adenosine and Ischemic Preconditioning
Authors: Liang Bruce T. , Swierkosz Tomasz A. , Herrmann Howard C. , Kimmel Stephen , Jacobson Kenneth A.
Published: January 2023

Adenosine is released in large amounts during myocardial ischemia and is capable of exerting potent cardioprotective effects in the heart. Although these observations on adenosine have been known for a long time, how adenosine acts to achieve its anti-ischemic effect remains incompletely understood. However, recent advances on the chemistry and pharmacology of adenosine receptor ligands have provided important and novel information on the function of adenosine receptor subtypes in the cardiovascular system. The development of model systems for the cardiac actions of adenosine has yielded important insights into its mechanism of action and have begun to elucidate the sequence of signalling events from receptor activation to the actual exertion of its cardioprotective effect. The present review will focus on the adenosine receptors that mediate the potent anti-ischemic effect of adenosine, new ligands at the receptors, potential molecular signalling mechanisms downstream of the receptor, mediators for cardioprotection, and possible clinical applications in cardiovascular disorders.
Identification of Kaempferol as Viral Entry Inhibitor and DL-Arginine as
Viral Replication Inhibitor from Selected Plants of Indian Traditional
Medicine against COVID-19: An in silico Guided in vitro Approach
Authors: Jayaprakashkamath Adithya , Murali Maneesha , Nair Bhagyalakshmi , Benny Feby , Mani Rajalakshmi P. , Suresh Darsana , Presanna Aneesh T. , Areekkara Amrutha N. , Nath Lekshmi R.
Published: January 2023

Background:

Indian traditional medicinal plants are known for their great potential in
combating viral diseases. Previously, we reported a systematic review approach of seven plausible
traditional Indian medicinal plants against SARS-CoV-2.

Methods:

Molecular docking was conducted with Biovia Discovery Studio. Three binding domains
for spike glycoprotein (PDB IDs: 6LZG, 6M17, 6M0J) and one binding domain of RdRp
(PDB ID: 7BTF) were used. Among 100 phytoconstituents listed from seven plants by the IMPPAT
database used for virtual screening, the best six compounds were again filtered using Swiss
ADME prediction and Lipinski's rule. Additionally, a pseudovirion assay was performed to study
the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 S1-protein with the ACE 2 receptor to further confirm the effect.

Results:

Chebulagic acid (52.06 Kcal/mol) and kaempferol (48.84 Kcal/mol) showed increased
interaction energy compared to umifenovir (33.68 Kcal/mol) for the 6LZG binding domain of
spike glycoprotein. Epicatechin gallate (36.95 Kcal/mol) and arachidic acid (26.09 Kcal/mol)
showed equally comparable interaction energy compared to umifenovir (38.20 Kcal/mol) for the
6M17 binding domain of spike glycoprotein. Trihydroxychalcone (35.23 Kcal/mol) and
kaempferol (36.96 Kcal/mol) showed equally comparable interaction energy with umifenovir
(36.60 Kcal/mol) for 6M0J binding domain of spike glycoprotein. Upon analyzing the phytoconstituents
against RdRp binding domain, DL-arginine (41.78 Kcal/mol) showed comparable results
with the positive control remdesivir (47.61 Kcal/mol). ADME analysis performed using Swiss
ADME revealed that kaempferol and DL arginine showed drug-like properties with appropriate
pharmacokinetic parameters. Further in vitro analysis of kaempferol by pseudovirion assay confirmed
an acceptable decrease of the lentiviral particles in transfected HEK293T-hACE2 cells.

Conclusion:

The study highlights that kaempferol and DL-arginine could be the significant molecules
to exhibit potent action against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.
Protective Effects of Momordica charantia (Bitter Melon) against Methotrexate-
induced Kidney Damage
Authors: Macit Caglar , Ozbeyli Dilek , Cevik Ozge , Cetin Melisa , Sener Goksel , Özkan Sevil
Published: January 2023

Background:

Methotrexate is a cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent that has severe side effects,
such as nephrotoxicity. Momordica charantia is a bright yellow-orange fruity plant that has been
shown to have antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Objective:

This study scrutinized the protective effects of Momordica charantia extract against methotrexate-
induced nephrotoxicity.

Methods:

24 Sprague Dawley male rats were divided into three experimental groups (8 rats in each):
Control (C); Methotrexate (MTX); and Methotrexate plus Momordica charantia (MTX+MC). All rats
were fed ad libitum and tap water. Methotrexate was administered at 20 mg/kg intraperitoneally as a
single dose. In the MTX+MC group, MC was administered at a dose of 50mg/kg for 5 days orally. At
the end of the 5th day, the rats were decapitated and kidney samples were taken to analyze glutathione
(GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)
and caspase-3 activity. Data was analyzed with GraphPad Prism 5.0.

Results:

Findings showed that while there was a significant increase in MDA, MPO, 8-OHdG levels,
and an essential reduction in GSH levels in the MTX-treated group when compared with the control
group, bitter melon treatment significantly reversed MDA, MPO, and 8-OHdG levels (p< 0.001). GSH
level elevation was observed in the MTX-MC group when compared to the MTX-treated group (p<
0.001).

Conclusion:

This study showed that bitter melon is thought to have a protective effect against kidney
damage caused by methotrexate. With future studies, we believe that the use of bitter melon extract as
a protective agent in kidney damage caused by drug-induced oxidative damage will bring an innovative
approach to treatment.
Advances in the Treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Mihăilă Romeo G.
Published: January 2023

Background:

The treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia has progressed in recent decades, becoming a model for a disease whose pathogenesis is primarily based on a genetic mutation and has led to survivals comparable to those of the general population.

Objective:

This review aims to present recent therapeutic advances in this area.

Methods:

A mini-review was achieved using the articles published in Web of Science and Pub-
Med between January 2021 - May 2022, and new patents were made in this field.

Results:

The three generations of tyrosine kinase inhibitors have transformed chronic myeloid
leukemia into a manageable disorder and greatly improved the treatment results of the chronic
phase, the prognosis, survival, and quality of life of patients. The therapeutic goals today include
achieving a deep and lasting molecular response as soon as possible, successful treatment-free remission,
and discovering and applying new therapeutic strategies to act on impaired immune
modulation and dormant leukemic stem cells. The allosteric inhibitor asciminib targets the ABL
myristoyl pocket, reduces Abl kinase activity, and is effective against most cells that have mutations
in the ABL1 kinase domain. Progress and recommendations for achieving long-term treatment-
free remission are set out. Nearly 50% of the patients who received first-line tyrosine kinase
inhibitors required a change of treatment by 10 years due to intolerance or resistance to treatment.
Their main side effects are presented.

Conclusion:

Obtaining a deep and persistent molecular response contributes to achieving longterm
treatment-free remission.
Motorcycle Accident and Associated Factors among Commercial Motorcycle Drivers in Kindo Koyisha Woreda, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Raga Abdi , Asres Abiyot Wolie , Samuel Serawit , Addisu Tigabu , Abreha Solomon
Published: January 2023

Background

Motorcycle accidents are a prominent cause of disability and death, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the magnitude of motorcycle accidents and associated factors among commercial motorcycle drivers.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 235 motorcycle drivers from April 1 to 22, 2021. The participants were selected using a simple random sampling method. A pretested, structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. The data was entered into Epi Info and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Descriptive and association measures were done. The results were presented within texts and tables.

Results and Discussion

The magnitude of motorcycle accidents among commercial motorcycle drivers was 65.1% (95% CI: 59%, 71.2%). Driving at speeds greater than 60 km/h (AOR = 8.19, 95% CI: 4.02, 11.42), driving at all hours of the day and night (AOR = 4.05, 95% CI: 1.61, 9.02), using a mobile phone while driving (AOR = 4.42, 95% CI: 2.73, 7.15), having a history of punishment (AOR = 11.05, 95% CI: 8.54, 16.28), drinking alcohol (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.3, 5.14), being under 20 years old (AOR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.56, 5.23), and having a license (AOR = 0.24, 95% CI:0.1, 0.8) were factors associated with commercial motorcycle accidents.

Conclusion

This finding indicated the need for continuous awareness creation and intense training, along with checking the licenses for their originality. Such a pluralistic overview can also denote the roles of proper operation and technical readiness of the motorcycles running, the proper design of urban mobility and road (cross-roads) construction, as well as the central governmental measures and policies that can act proactively to prevent such accidents from occurring.
Mechanisms of Some Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Reactions of Oxidation Occurring via Oxygen Atom Transfer
Authors: Bakhtchadjian Robert
Published: January 2023

Insights into the mechanisms of oxygen atom transfer in the photooxidation of organic compounds for heterogeneous photocatalytic systems have been presented. These reactions have a wide variety of practical applications in chemistry, biology, and applied sciences. The role of the oxygen atom transfer mechanism in homogeneous photocatalysis has been investigated for nearly a century. Relatively little attention has been paid to the disclosure of oxygen atom transfer reactions in heterogeneous photocatalytic systems. This chapter discusses some problems related to the catalytic oxygen atom transfer in the oxidation of organic compounds, mainly with dioxygen, under UV irradiation or visible light, in heterogeneous reaction systems. Various active oxygen species, including oxygen atom transfer agents, as reaction intermediates can be generated in these systems. Depending on the nature of the active oxygen species, including metal-oxo compounds, the photoassisted catalytic oxygen atom transfer can occur mainly by the primary photoexcitation of either the catalyst or its photosensitive solid support, in rare cases, also the catalyst/support complex. The peculiarities of the mechanism of photo-driven oxygen atom transfer were mainly exemplified by the reactions occurring in heterogeneous catalytic systems containing transition metal oxides, their metalorganic complexes, and other photosensitive solid materials, including heterogenized homogeneous photocatalysts on the different supports, such as the transition metal-oxo complexes on the semiconductor materials. Special attention has been paid to the chemistry of TiO2 and TiO2 -based semiconductor photocatalysis from the point of view of the reaction mechanisms, including oxygen atom transfer reactions. 
Stumbling Blocks in Reinvigorating the Health of Diseased Individuals Through Herbal Medicine
Authors: Balkrishna Acharya , Mittal Rashmi , Arya Vedpriya
Published: January 2023

Natural products exhibited a profound effect as a template or direct
treatment strategy against TNBC. Implementation of natural products as a
chemotherapeutic or chemo-preventive strategy faces diverse problems and challenges.
Several constraints including selection, identification, and screening of bioactive
components furthermore, preclinical and clinical evaluation, and approval from
regulatory bodies are other hurdles to the application of phytochemicals in targeting
TNBC. Although the natural metabolites possessed the substantial potential to target
the disease along with reinvigorating the health of affected individuals. This chapter
has highlighted the perspectives and controversies associated with herbal medicines
such as consumer preferences, bio-pharmaceutics consideration, HM-HM & HM-CM
interactions, and drug regulations, and discussed the need to introduce natural moieties
as an alternative therapeutic approach against TNBC. 
Economic Integration's Impact on Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership
Authors: Ali Emil , Anshari Muhammad
Published: January 2023

In this digital era, the economic sector has been transformed while gearing
towards increased digitisation. In part, this has led to innovation, growth, and enhanced
competitiveness, further leading to economic development. As a result, ASEAN
countries have been pursuing adapting this change towards the digital era to prepare
new technological advances that can create opportunities for development, including
addressing possible threats. This chapter examines how the Regional Comprehensive
Economic Partnership (RCEP) affects the commercial and economic activities of
RCEP member countries, including supply chain management (SCM), tariff reductions
on trade, customs duty reductions, market expansion, and the likelihood of obtaining
economies of scale in manufacturing. We adopted a qualitative method approach,
which involved reviewing current literature and interpreting them in order to make
possible recommendations. The findings indicate that the Regional Comprehensive
Economic Partnership will significantly impact industries in the Asia-Pacific region,
such as textile and apparel supply chain integration, and that this will provide a
significant opportunity for member countries to improve their economic conditions
further. Additionally, improving the SCM leads to an increase in GDP, enabling many
countries to achieve a favourable balance of trade and encouraging them to pursue
innovation. The implementation of the RCEP agreement also has its challenges and
needs to be addressed in order to make the adoption of RCEP a success. 
Comparative Analysis of ICT Readiness in RCEP Member Countries
Authors: Razzaq Abdur , Al-Mudimigh Abdullah
Published: January 2023

This chapter examines the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership
(RCEP) Agreement in general, as well as analyse the recent status of ICT infrastructure
of RCEP member countries. It primarily focuses on the RCEP, which was signed by
the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries, Australia, China,
Japan, Korea, and New Zealand in order to expand and strengthen engagements with
one another and their relationships to Industry 4.0, whereby the potential issues and
solutions are discussed in greater depth. It also highlights the security and privacy
issues and thoughts on how 4IR might help countries improve their economies over the
long term. The chapter includes reflections on experiences as well as an analysis of
how the information contained in the agreement affects the growth of the RCEP
agreement
Financial Technology Innovation - Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Lending in the RCEP Member States
Authors: Kartika Rayna
Published: January 2023

Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) aims to strengthen
the economy and the free trade agreement among 10 ASEAN member states (Brunei
Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines,
Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam) and five partner states (China, Japan, South Korea,
Australia, and New Zealand). One of the ways to improve economic growth is to
enhance the investment sector into start-ups and SMEs. Peer-to-peer lending platforms
exist to ease the mechanism of funds lending and borrowing from investors to start-ups
and SMEs. Currently, the rise of P2P lending, particularly in RCEP member states, has
boosted the economic growth and development of technology. The government
assistance in setting up the regulation regarding the mechanism of P2P lending has
been carried out in order to create a clean and transparent practice of P2P lending
among borrowers and lenders. Therefore, this chapter describes the introduction of
RCEP member states and P2P lending and the mechanism for adopting P2P lending
platforms in RCEP member states. P2P is indeed a platform that RCEP members can
practice. However, the risks must be considered and addressed in order to prevent
threats to their economic growth. 
Aspergilloma: Clinical Manifestation After Tuberculosis Infection
Authors: Winarni Tika Wahyu , Erawati Dini Rachma
Published: January 2023

Aspergilloma is a mass-like fungus ball consisting of Aspergillus fumigatus. Aspergilloma occurs in patients with pulmonary structural abnormalities in which the presence of a previous cavity is the predisposing factor that most often results in Aspergillus colonization, especially in tuberculosis endemic countries. 28 y.o andÂ  33 y.o female , complained of hemoptysis, chest pain, weight loss, and a history of TB treatment. The chest X-ray and CT scan revealed a solid lesion with an â€œAir-crescent signâ€ indicating Aspergilloma lesion. Patients were given symptomatic, anti-fungal drugs, and supportedÂ  by embolization procedure to reduce hemoptysis. The patient's condition began to improve after treatment. Imaging findings in x-rays and CT scans that point to Aspergilloma will help doctors in further management to provide a better prognosis for the patient.
Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS) as a Solution to Inequality in the Number of Radiological Resources in West Java
Authors: Barasabha Thareq , Hardiyanti Yati
Published: January 2023

Inequality of health care facilities, especially radiology resources, occurs in West Java Province. There are many class A hospitals in provincial capitals, while in areas far from the provincial capital and from DKI Jakarta Province, the quantity and quality of hospitals are still lacking. Likewise with the quantity of radio diagnostic instruments and human resources. 12 radiology specialists and an additional 192 radiographers are needed in West Java Province. Archiving and image communication systems (PACS) can be used as a solution so that health workers in hospitals located far from the city or district centers can consult, and expert conclusions can be obtained from radiology specialists at referral centers.

Keywords: PACS, radio diagnostic, radiology specialist, radiographer, West Java
The Relationship between Lipid Profile and Breast Parenchymal Density From Mammography Examination
Authors: Yudisthira Dewangga , Setyawan Agung , Wadjib Yuyun Yueniwati Prabowati
Published: January 2023

Breast cancer is a type of cancer that has the highest incidence and mortality rate in the world and in Indonesia among other cancers. One of the causes of death due to breast cancer is influenced by poor prognosis due to cancer’s late detection. One method of early detection is mammography. Mammography is an examination method to detect cancer cells and assess breast density, which is a risk factor for breast cancer. Reporting the results of breast density types uses the BI-RADS grading, which is divided into 4 categories. Breast density is influenced by various factors, one of which is the lipid profile (triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL). This study used an analytic observational method with a cross-sectional study design. The samples were members of Dharma Wanita group of Universitas Brawijaya and female members of the Indonesian Radiographers Association in Malang from October 2021 to January 2022. The data was analyzed using the non-parametric chi-square test. The results of each component of the lipid profile showed p-values (p < 0.05) = 0.172, 0.619, 0.226, 0.829, for triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL, respectively. This means all lipid profile components do not have a significant relationship with the density of the breast parenchyma.
Studi Pendugaan Erosi dan Sedimentasi Menggunakan Metode USLE dan MUSLE di Waduk Krisak Kabupaten Wonogiri
Authors: Putri Dea Anggara , Sholichin Mohammad , Sisinggih Dian
Published: January 2023

Waduk Krisak merupakan outlet dari sungai DAS Krisak yang terletak di Desa Singodutan, Kecamatan Selogiri, Kabupaten Wonogiri. Waduk Krisak dibangun pada tahun 1943 dengan rencana usia efektif waduk Â 50 tahun. Waduk Krisak telah beroperasi selama 79 tahun, namun perubahan tata guna lahan serta tingginya laju sedimentasi mengakibatkan berkurangnya daya tampung air dan usia guna waduk. Salah satu penyebab sedimentasi di Waduk Krisak adalah adanya erosi. Erosi disebabkan oleh perubahan tata guna lahan yang cenderung kurang memperhatikan konservasi tanah dan air sehingga menyebabkan semakin singkatnya waktu infiltrasi dan volume limpasan permukaan yang semakin besar. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui laju erosi, laju sedimentasi, tingkat bahaya erosi dan tingkat kekritisan lahan pada DAS Krisak. Dalam studi ini dilakukan perhitungan erosi menggunakan metode USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) dan MUSLE (Modified Soil Loss Equation) sehingga dapat diketahui besar laju sedimentasi yang masuk ke Waduk Krisak. Dari hasil perhitungan, didapatkan pada metode USLE besar laju erosi sebesar 57.544,21 m3/tahun dengan laju sedimentasi sebesar 16.794,76 m3/tahun dan metode MUSLE didapatkan besar laju erosi sama dengan laju sedimentasi sebesar 33.473,21 m3/tahun. Sehingga berdasarkan hasil analisa, tingkat bahaya erosi pada DAS Krisak adalah Sangat Ringan dengan kondisi lahan yang mengarah ke Potensial Kritis.
Analisis Kerentanan Intrinsik dan Spesifik Airtanah Terhadap Pencemaran di Sub DAS Amprong, Malang, Jawa Timur Analysis of Intrinsic and Specific Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution in Amprong Sub-watershed, Malang, East Java
Authors: Hezron Yoel Dongan , Asmaranto Runi , Haribowo Riyanto
Published: January 2023

Airtanah menjadi sumber air yang dibutuhkan oleh manusia untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari. Perkembangan aktivitas masyarakat di daerah Sub DAS Amprong mengakibatkan potensi airtanah untuk tercemar semakin tinggi. Tujuan adanya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi kerentanan intrinsik dan spesifik airtanah di wilayah Sub DAS Amprong dan mengetahui zonasi kerentanan airtanah berdasarkan klasifikasi kerentanan di wilayah Sub DAS Amprong. Metode analisis pada penelitian kali ini yaitu kerentanan airtanah dengan metode Susceptibility Index (SI) oleh Ribeiro. Parameter yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kedalaman muka airtanah, media akuifer, imbuhan airtanah, kemiringan lereng, dan penggunaan lahan. Klasifikasi kerentanan airtanah dibagi menjadi tiga kelas berdasarkan tingkat kerentanan airtanah terhadap pencemaran yaitu rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) kerentanan intrinsik terdiri atas tingkat kerentanan rendah seluas 149.702 kmÂ² kerentanan sedang seluas 173.698 kmÂ² dan kerentanan tinggi seluas 9.203 kmÂ². (2) Kerentanan spesifik terdiri atas tingkat kerentanan rendah seluas 113.34 kmÂ², kerentanan sedang seluas 119.471 kmÂ² dan kerentanan tinggi seluas 99.792 kmÂ². (3) Kerentanan rendah terdapat di bagian hulu, kerentanan sedang terdapat di bagian tengah dan hilir, dan kerentanan tinggi terdapat pada bagian hilir Sub DAS Amprong.
Studi Optimasi Alokasi Air Irigasi pada Daerah Irigasi Brangkal Bawah Kabupaten Madiun Menggunakan Program Dinamik
Authors: Shafiya Adristi , Sayekti Rini Wahyu , Prayogo Tri Budi
Published: January 2023

Penggunaan air irigasi di Daerah Irigasi Brangkal Bawah masih dirasa belum optimal karena masih sering terjadi kekurangan air terutama pada musim kemarau. Permasalahan ini terjadi karena pembagian air yang belum merata, oleh karena itu optimasi perlu dilakukan untuk mengoptimalkan pemberian air irigasi dan didapatkan keuntungan yang maksimal pula. Teknik optimasi yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah Program Dinamik Deterministik. Dengan menggunakan program dinamik deterministik, problem dipecah menjadi beberapa tahap (stage) sehingga didapatkan keuntungan berdasarkan pemberian air pada tiap tahapnya. Fungsi kendala dari optimasi ini adalah luas lahan dan debit tersedia dengan fungsi tujuan yaitu keuntungan maksimum. Tahapan optimasi pada studi ini adalah Forward Recusrive yang dimulai dari Bk 1, B. Bk 2, B. Bk 3, B. Bk 4, B. Bku 1, dan B. Bks 1. Kemudian dilakukan pelacakan balik (back tracking) untuk mendapatkan jalur yang optimal. Berdasarkan hasil optimasi, peningkatan yang terjadi pada luas tanam sebesar 51,25 Ha dan pada keuntungan sebesar 8,38%. Setelah dilakukan optimasi program dinamik, keuntungan yang didapatkan pada musim tanam II sebesar Rp. 5.241.706.263,02, dan pada musim tanam III sebesar Rp. 3.041.485.345,94 dengan total keuntungan adalah sebesar Rp. 8.283.191.608,95.
Analisis Hidrolika Aliran Final Design Bangunan Pelimpah Samping (Studi Kasus: Bendungan Beringin Sila, Sumbawa)
Authors: Ashari Syaiyidati Fitri Nur Khoiriah , Wahyuni Sri , Cahya Evi Nur
Published: January 2023

Bendungan Beringin Sila merupakan bendungan dengan konstruksi urugan yang dibangun untuk sarana irigasi dan menanggulangi permasalahan kuantitas air dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan masyarakat sekitar. Dengan besarnya kapasitas tampungan pada bendungan, diharapkan seluas 2400 hektar area sawah dapat terairi dan kebutuhan air baku masyarakat dapat terpenuhi. Pengujian model fisik penting untuk dilakukan guna mengetahui kondisi yang sebenarnya untuk aliran pada suatu bendungan. Pada penelitian ini, pengujian model fisik Bendungan Beringin Sila meliputi saluran pelimpah, saluran samping dan transisi, saluran peluncur, dan peredam energi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi aliran pelimpah Bendungan Sila pada kondisi final design. Pengujian pada penelitian ini difokuskan pada kala ulang Q100th, Q1000th, QPMF. pembuatan model Bendungan Sila dengan skala 1:60 yang berada pada Laboratorium Hidrolika FT UB. Hasil analisis pada pengujian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada bagian pelimpah, saluran samping, saluran transisi dan saluran peluncur mampu mengalirkan aliran dengan debit kala ulang Q100th, Q1000th, QPMF serta pada pengujian model final design aman terhadap kavitasi.
Rasionalisasi Kerapatan Pos Stasiun Hujan dan Pos Duga Air Sub DAS Pacal dengan Metode Stepwise
Authors: Wicaksono R. Fajar Yanuar , Limantara Lily Montarcih , Wahyuni Sri
Published: January 2023

Dalam kegiatan perencanaan serta pengembangan sumber daya air, dibutuhkan data hidrologi dengan kuantitas dan kualitas data yang akurat. Kualitas data yang dimaksud adalah bahwa data dapat menggambarkan kondisi hidrologi sesuai dengan yang terjadi di lapangan, seperti apakah data hujan berkaitan dengan data debit yang ada. Penyebaran pos stasiun hujan di suatu wilayah serta nilai kerapatannya dapat mempengaruhi tingkat kesalahan rerata suatu data hidrologi. Rasionalisasi kerapatan pos stasiun hujan dan pos duga air dilakukan dengan metode Stepwise dan standar WMO pada Sub DAS Pacal. Data yang digunakan adalah data hujanusebagai variabelibebas dan dataodebit sebagai variabeloterikat dengan panjang data selama 10 tahun. Metode Stepwise ini merupakan metode stastistika yang dapat mengetahui pos hujan mana yang berkorelasi secara signifikan terhadap data debit. Standar WMO dapat mengetahui kebutuhan minimal jumlah pos hujan berdasarkan karateristik geografi suatu daerah. Hasil analisis pada studi ini didapatkan rekomendasi dengan kombinasi 2 dan 3 pos stasiun hujan. Kombinasi antara pos stasiun hujan Gondang dan pos stasiun hujan Tretes/Pacal merupakan kombinasi yang paling rasional apabila menggunakan 2 pos stasiun hujan dengan koefisien determinasi sebesar 50,41% dan dengan koefisisen thiessen masing-masing sebesar 31,46% dan 68,54%. Kombinasi antara pos stasiun hujan Gondang, Klepek, dan Pajeng merupakan kombinasi yang paling rasional apabila menggunakan 3 pos stasiun hujan dengan koefisien determinasi sebesar 47,70% dan dengan koefisisen thiessen masing-masing sebesar 37,60%, 28,39 % ,dan 34,00 %. Kedua kombinasi ini telah memenuhi standar minimum WMO dan masing-masing pos hujan juga memiliki peran yang sama-sama efektif dan efisien.
Evaluasi dan Pengembangan Jaringan Distibusi Air Bersih di Kecamatan Sekaran Kabupaten Lamongan
Authors: Samsuri Rifka Melania Kusumaningtyas , Haribowo Riyanto , Siswoyo Hari
Published: January 2023

Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum (SPAM) Sekaran yang terletak di Kecamatan Sekaran Kabupaten Lamongan ini telah melayani 12 desa untuk kebutuhan air bersihnya oleh Perum Jasa Tirta I. Pada perencanaan pengembangan hingga tahun 2040 terdapat penambahan 1 daerah layanan yaitu Desa Taji. Dalam studi ini dilakukan suatu evaluasi kondisi eksisting dengan melaksanakan simulasi untuk melihat kondisi hidrolis yang ada pada jaringan eksisting. Evaluasi ini dijadikan sebagai acuan untuk melaksanakan perencanaan pengembangan tahun 2040 kedepan. Dalam perencanaan pengembangan akan disimulasikan menggunakan bantuan program WaterCAD V8i. Berdasarkan hasil akhir simulasi dengan bantuan program WaterCAD V8i perencanaan pengembangan dilakukan dengan penambahan komponen seperti pompa booster, sehingga pada kondisi hidrolis jaringan distribusi air bersih dapat memenuhi kriteria SNI yang telah ditentukan. Perhitungan Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) yang dibutuhkan dalam pekerjaan perencanaan pengembangan jaringan distribusi air bersih ini sebesar Rp 3.151.621.990,00. Perhitungan analisa ekonomi dengan tingkat suku bunga 3,50% dan usia guna pembangunan 20 tahun menyatakan bahwa nilai Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) sebesar 1,48727, Net Present Value (NPV) sebesar Rp 130.382.543,01/tahun, Internal Rate Return (IRR) sebesar 7,96%, dan harga jual airnya sebesar Rp 4.551,29/m3.
The informational phenomenon of trees and biomorphism
Authors: Prepotenska Maryna
Published: January 2023

The article analyzes the phenomenon of information exchange of trees and shows the productive role of nature in urban revitalization. Based on the EDEN Project, the potential of mental maps of the city, taking into account natural objects, was revealed. The specificity and significant sociocultural influence on the human worldview of the historically composed mytho-archetypes of the tree, their sacred and artistic images, aspects of dendrology under the auspices of biomorphic urbanism as an innovative philosophy of our days are determined. The fact of the existence of cognitive-communicative functions of nature determines the further transformation of the human worldview from the perception of nature as an eternal object of subjugation to the modern perception of it as an equal anthropomorphic subject. The topic is especially relevant in the field of post-war urban development. It is shown that the restoration of European cities, destroyed during the Second World War, took place in the unity of the revitalization of urban architecture and living nature, and harmonious development today is possible precisely thanks to such unity. The statistics of the destruction of natural objects during the period of the current Russian-Ukrainian war are presented. An overview of the facts of restoration, preservation and multiplication of natural zones in the de-occupied cities and villages of Ukraine - a symbol of the invincible spirit of Ukrainians - was made.
The role of media culture in today's information wars
Authors: Lomachinska Iryna , Lomachinskyi Bohdan
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the socio-philosophical analysis of the phenomenon of media culture in the context of the globalization information challenges of today. The formation of the main threats of the modern information society is revealed through the prism of the close relationship of violence, wealth and knowledge as means of implementing power relations in the geopolitical context. It was noted that at each historical stage of the global struggle for power, the most effective means of achieving power goals were strategies of information struggle aimed at manipulating public consciousness. The essential signs of information war from the standpoint of psychological, information and communication approaches are revealed. It is noted that in the society of knowledge, the information and propaganda war acquires the features of a conscious (semantic) one, therefore, in the conditions of the formation of the mass media as key producers of information products marked by certain political or economic interests, it is possible to talk about the media war as a separate technology of modern information wars. In the modern philosophical discourse, to define a special type of culture of the information age, the concept of "media culture" has become widespread, as a set of information and communication tools produced by mankind in the process of cultural and historical development, which contribute to the formation of public consciousness and the socialization of the individual. The work reveals the main functions of media culture - informational, communicative, ideological, normative and legal, motivational, integrative, culture-creating, myth-creating. The fundamental difference between media culture and traditional cultures is emphasized - the level of its technical equipment, which allows the reproduction of media culture products for almost all of humanity, acting as a regulator of its mass consciousness. The specificity of media culture is determined by its semiotic nature and the technical capabilities of the means of its implementation: high information capacity, ease and persuasiveness of perception, speed of replication of information messages, mass and accessibility. The conclusions highlight the need to introduce state programs for the development of digital and media education as an effective mechanism for countering today's informational challenges.
Finding Effective Adjustment Levels for Upper Limb Exergames: Focus Group Study With Children With Physical Disabilities
Authors: Eckert Martina , Domingo Soria Beatriz , Terroso Gil Noelia
Published: January 2023

Background

We developed the Blexer system consisting of a database and a web interface for therapists that can host different types of adaptive and personally configurable virtual reality exergames based on Kinect (Microsoft Corp) motion capture to provide entertaining exercises for children with motor disabilities. It allows for parameter adjustment and the monitoring of results remotely, thereby providing a useful tool to complement traditional physical therapy sessions with home exercises.

Objective

The aim of this study was to observe the motor benefits achieved through the use of a video exergame and the importance and implications of correctly setting the game’s difficulty parameters.

Methods

This was an observational case study of 6 children with different physical disabilities receiving physical therapy at school combined with the use of a fully configurable exergame under research that forms a part of the Blexer environment. The game integrates 4 repeatedly appearing upper limb exercises with individually adjustable difficulties (intermittent arm rising, arm forward and backward movement, rising and holding of one arm, and trunk control in all directions). The outcomes were 3 assessments of 2 efficacy measures: Box and Block Test and Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test.

Results

A total of 5 children with cerebral palsy (mean 8.4, SD 2.7 years; Gross Motor Function Classification II—2/5, 40%; III—2/5, 40%; and IV—1/5, 20%) and 1 child with obstetric brachial plexus palsy (aged 8 years; Mallet Classification III) received between 8 and 11 sessions of training (10-20 minutes per session), depending on age, motivation, and fatigue. Significant associations were observed between game parameter settings and improvements in motor function, on the one hand, and between the type of improvement and disability severity, on the other: with adjusted game parameters goal and time in the range of 70% to 100%, only less affected children improved in the Box and Block Test (+11 blocks vs −1 block), and more affected children improved more in the Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test (+90 seconds vs +27 seconds).

Conclusions

When defining the difficulty parameters for an exergame, we suggest a classification in levels ranging from very easy to very hard. For practical use, we suggest setting the difficulty for the player to an easy or medium level rather than high-commitment goals, as this leads to a longer playtime with more fun and, therefore, seems to improve the results of the game and, consequently, mobility.
Characteristics, Opportunities, and Challenges of Osteopathy Based on the Perceptions of Osteopaths in Austria: Qualitative Interview Study (Preprint)
Authors: Manschel Jonas , Porthun Jan , Winkler Ulrike , Beuckels Jean Marie A T , Martin David
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

There are no uniform regulations for the osteopathic profession in Europe. It is subject to country-specific regulations defining who shall be allowed to practice osteopathy and which qualification shall be required. In recent years, legal regulations have been established in several European countries for the profession of osteopathy; however, these are also still pending for Austria. Currently, physiotherapists and physicians with osteopathic training are practicing osteopathy in Austria.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the characteristics, challenges, and opportunities of osteopaths in Austria.

METHODS

Guideline-based interviews with osteopaths (N=10) were conducted. The different research questions were examined using a qualitative content analysis.

RESULTS

The study provided a differentiated insight into the professional situation of osteopaths in Austria. The most important result was that all interviewees unanimously supported a legal regulation of their profession. However, owing to their different professional self-image—on the one hand, individuals working on a structural basis, and, on the other hand, individuals working on a cranial or biodynamic basis—they were able to imagine a uniform professional regulation only to a limited extent. Additional topics for the interviewed osteopaths in Austria were the quality assurance of training and the urgent need for scientific research. Furthermore, the study also dealt with the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on daily practice and on education and training in osteopathy.

CONCLUSIONS

This study is a pioneering study with regard to systematic basic research on osteopathy in Austria. The obtained results and the newly acquired research questions not only have the potential to serve as a basis for further studies but also provide insight into the working and professional situation of osteopaths in Austria for universities, schools, professional associations, politics, and—last but not least—all interested parties.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/15399
Respon Pemberian Konsentrasi Gula dan Paclobutrazol Pada Pengumbian Kentang Secara In Vitro
Authors: Firgiyanto Refa , Pangestuti Anisyaro , Sukri Muhammad Zayin , Rohman Hanif Fatur
Published: January 2023

Peningkatan produktivitas kentang masih mengalami beberapa kendala yang disebabkan karena benih yang tidak bersertifikat dan jumlah ketersediaan benih yang terbatas. Salah satu alternatif terbaik guna mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah memproduksi benih melalui umbi mikro. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Tanaman, UPT Pengembangan Benih Hortikultura Sidomulyo Batu yang terletak pada ketinggian 1100 mdpl. Waktu yang dibutuhkan adalah 4 bulan, dimulai sejak Oktober 2021 sampai Januari 2022. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh tunggal pemberian konsentrasi gula dan konsentrasi paclobutrazol dan mengetahui pengaruh interaksi pemberian konsentrasi gula dan konsentrasi paclobutrazol pada media pengumbian kentang melalui teknik kultur in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi gula 30 g/l, 60 g/l, 80 g/l, 100 g/l, dan faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi paclobutrazol 0 mg/l, 0,2 mg/l, 0,4 mg/l, 0,7 mg/l, 1 mg/l. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor tunggal konsentrasi gula 60 g/l memberikan hasil optimum pada parameter persentase tumbuh umbi, waktu muncul umbi mikro, jumlah umbi mikro dan bobot umbi mikro. konsentrasi paclobutrazol  0,2 mg/l mampu memberikan hasil optimum pada parameter persentase tumbuh umbi, waktu muncul umbi mikro, jumlah umbi mikro dan bobot umbi mikro. Interaksi pemberian konsentrasi gula 30 g/l dan konsentrasi paclobutrazol 0 mg/l mampu meningkatkan parameter pengamatan tinggi tanaman, konsentrasi gula 100 g/l dan paclobutrazol 0,7 mg/l memberikan hasil  optimum pada jumlah daun, perlakuan konsentrasi gula 100 g/l dan paclobutrazol 0,2 mg/l memberikan hasil optimum pada parameter jumlah tunas, dan perlakuan konsentrasi gula 60 g/l dan paclobutrazol 0,2 mg/l mampu memberikan hasil optimum pada parameter jumlah akar.
The L Word, the Television Series: Analysis of Its Lesbian Subjectivity
Authors: Shuming Zhang
Published: January 2023

In January 2004, Showtime, a pay cable network, launched the first-ever lesbian-themed serial drama, The L Word, which boldly showed lesbians’ sex life and brought lesbian discourse into the narrative center of queer-themed series. This essay tries to analyze how The L Word presented lesbian subjectivity through the image as well as body construction, and narrative and also discusses some arguments towards the lesbian body presentation in The L Word.
Manifestaciones bucales del espectro oculo-aurículo-vertebral (Síndrome de Goldenhar): Una revisión narrativa
Authors: Martínez-Chávez Stephany , Pacheco-Galván Karina
Published: January 2023

Introducción. El espectro oculo-auriculo-vertebral (OAVS, por sus siglas en inglés) también conocido como Síndrome de Goldenhar, es una condición congénita poco frecuente en la que se presentan alteraciones que deben ser tratadas por el odontólogo con un enfoque multidisciplinario. Objeti­vo. Presentar el estado del arte del conocimiento sobre las principales manifestaciones bucales y el abordaje estomato­lógico en pacientes pediátricos con espectro oculo-aurículo-vertebral. Desarrollo. El OAVS se caracteriza por alteraciones en las estructuras que se originan del primer y segundo arcos branquiales. Las principales alteraciones bucodentales que se presentan en el OAVS son (i) la hipoplasia mandibular, (ii) agenesia de la rama y cóndilo, cóndilo bifido (iii) desfase de la salivación debido a una aplasia de las glándulas salivales, (iv) defectos en la capacidad de deglución, (v) alteraciones del habla, (vi) taurodontismo, (vii) macrostomia. En el caso de los pacientes con presencia de cóndilo bífido se observa una limitación para la apertura bucal, lo cual genera una defi­ciente higiene bucal que desencadena caries y gingivitis. Por tal motivo, el odontólogo debe tener el conocimiento de dicho síndrome para proporcional un tratamiento integral con un enfoque multidisciplinario. Conclusión. El papel que juega la estomatología dentro del tratamiento multidisciplinario de los pacientes con OAVS es fundamenta, para que el diagnósti­co preciso y oportuno permita brindar un tratamiento integral y multidisciplinario. Es importante la realizar un tratamiento individualizado en conjunto con un equipo multidisciplinario, donde se destaque la relevancia del papel del estomatólogo pediatra.
¿Cómo puedo calcular el tamaño de la muestra? Importancia en la calidad y la validez en la investigación en ciencias de la salud
Authors: Sánchez-Rodríguez Martha A.
Published: January 2023

El tamaño de muestra es uno de los puntos fundamentales en una investigación clínica-epidemiológica para garantizar la validez externa de los estudios.