bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mengidentifikasi Kesulitan Guru Dalam Penggunaan Aplikasi Scratch Pembelajaran IPA Di Kelas 5 SD Negeri 1 Cempaga
Authors: Sri Darmayanti Ni Wayan , Wulandari Kadek Yuni
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis permasalahan guru dalam penggunaan aplikasi Scratch dalam pembelajaran IPA di kelas 5 SD Negeri 1 Cempaga. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Selanjutnya data disajikan dengan mendeskripsikan berupa kata-kata atau kalimat yang memiliki makna tertentu. Proses pengumpulan data dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2023 dengan subjek pada penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa kelas 5 SD Negeri 1 Cempaga. Selanjutnya, data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Dari hasil analisis data, menunjukan bahwa guru mengalami beberapa kendala dalam penggunaan media pembelajaran aplikasi Scratch, selanjutnya mengatasi permasalahan tersebut guru melakukan latihan bertahap menggunakan aplikasi Scratch melalui media sosial, serta mencari referensi ide-ide.Keywords: Scratch, Pembelajaran IPA, Media Pembelajaran
Water Reuse via Membrane Technology: A Case Study for Producing Cooling Water from Soft Drink Wastewater
Authors: Gürbüz Mustafa Çağlar , Çapar Gökşen
Published: September 2024

High volumes of water are used in the soft drink industry, where purification can be achieved via membrane technology, allowing it to be reused in operating cooling towers, steam boilers, and closed-loop systems. In this study, ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF) were applied to produce reclaimed water for cooling towers. In experimental studies conducted under a total recycle mode of operation, two UF membranes with molecular weight cut-offs (MWCO) of 10 kDa and 5 kDa, and one NF membrane were tested. The transmembrane pressure was set to 2 bars for UF and 4 bars for NF. Considering the water quality criteria for cooling towers, removal efficiencies were calculated for total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity, and chemical oxygen demand (COD). TSS and turbidity removal rates were 100% for both UF and NF; however, COD removal rates varied. In UF, feed and permeate COD concentrations were 718 - 796 mg/L and 255 - 286 mg/L, corresponding to a removal efficiency of 64-65%. On the other hand, in NF, the feed and permeate COD concentrations were 207 mg/L and 147 mg/L, indicating a 29% removal. Flux decline was not severe; it ranged from 10% to 20%. It was revealed that further treatment is required to meet the COD criteria of 75 mg/L for cooling towers.
Effects of Red Grape (Vitis Vinifera L.) Pomace Powder on Physicochemical and Textural Properties of Sucuk
Authors: Yıldız Dilay , Söbeli Ceyda , Uyarcan Müge
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of grape pomace powder as a natural antioxidant on the quality characteristics of sucuk samples. Grape pomace powder was added to the sucuk doughs at various concentrations (0, 1, 2, and 3%), and sucuk fermentation was carried out under controlled conditions. The study investigated the effects of grape pomace powder on the chemical composition, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, texture profile, and color characteristics of the sucuk samples. Results showed a significant impact (P
Advanced Statistical Optimization for Enhanced Medium-Chain Fatty Acid Production
Authors: İçer Enes , Sürgevil Ezgi , Duman Tac Gozde , Güngörmüşler Mine , Keskin Tuğba
Published: September 2024

In recent years, the development of feed ingredients with natural additives has gained significant importance in increasing the health and quality of animal products, as well as in promoting weight gain in animals. Since Salmonella infection is a significant disease that transmits from animals to humans, the inhibition of Salmonella species can be achieved particularly through the improvement of gastrointestinal metabolism in chickens. At this point, the effectiveness of using MCFA (Medium Chain Fatty Acids) as a feed additive has been proven. MCFA are composed of a mixture of various fatty acids, including acetic acid, butyric acid, hexanoic acid, etc. Highest portion of MCFA are hexanoic acid. Besides feed additives hexanoic acid play a crucial role as primary resources in various industries, including the chemical, food, agricultural, and biofuel sectors. It is typically obtained from petrochemical-based solutions but there has been a growing focus on biotechnological production and natural sources in recent years. One of the mostly known bioprocess to produce MCFA is chain elongation (conversion of acetate and ethanol into MCFA by β oxidation reaction) by Clostridium kluyveri. However, as in most biotechnological processes, there are low yields and high costs in these reactions as well. In this study, Box-Behnken Design, a statistical experimental design method, was used to optimize the concentrations of acetate, ethanol (the two primary components of chain elongation reactions) and pH for MCFA production via chain elongation reactions with Clostridium kluyveri. Batch experiments were performed at 30°C and 37°C to also see the effect of temperature. Higher values of hexanoic acid and bacterial growth were observed at 37°C. From an economic perspective, a 14% reduction in costs has been observed with optimized components.
Assessment of Agricultural Virtual Water Export of Türkiye
Authors: Uçar Buse , Çapar Gökşen
Published: September 2024

As the negative effects of climate change are amplified, the agriculture sector is becoming more fragile. Food security is under risk because agriculture is highly dependent on climatic conditions and availability of water resources all over the world. For this reason, the concepts of virtual water and water footprint have begun to gain importance as decision-support tools for the effective and efficient use of water. However, there is a gap in the literature, where few studies focus on virtual water trade. Given the increasing stress caused by reasons such as the scarcity of water resources and climate change, this concept is likely to gain serious attention in the coming years. Türkiye is a water-stressed country whose water resources are decreasing due to the impact of climate change. More effective water management is needed to meet the increasing demand. In this study, virtual water was determined for Türkiye's agricultural export, and it was observed that crops with high water footprint but low economic returns were also exported in large amounts. It was revealed that the virtual amount of water exported by the evaluated crops was 5.9 billion m3 annually. This value is high enough to meet the domestic water needs of a metropolitan city like Istanbul for seven years. It is evident that water footprint and virtual water concepts would help decision makers to support optimized water consumption and sustainable water management.
Using Household Fruit and Vegetable Waste in Recipes to Reduce Kitchen Food Waste and their Nutritional and Functional Values
Authors: Öner Yılmaz Esra Nur , Pehlivan Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Tuba
Published: September 2024

The formation of food waste brings numerous issues such as inefficient use of nutrients, social injustice, and economic and ecological losses. The aim of this study is to reduce fruit and vegetable waste, which are among the most common kitchen wastes, with new recipes, and to explore the advantages they provide to human health. The study developed 20 different recipes using parts typically considered waste in the kitchen, like stems, stalks, and peels from 11 fruits and 9 vegetables, and calculated their nutritional values using the BEBIS program (Nutrition Information System). Additionally, the functional properties of the fruit and vegetable waste used in the study were examined in light of scientific literature. Results showed that parts of fruits and vegetables considered as waste might have valuable nutritional properties, such as being a good source of dietary fiber, antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals. Among the recipes created with fruit waste, the chocolate balls with pomegranate peel powder had the highest energy value (4255.3 kcal), the sweet chicken with orange flavor had the highest protein content (122.1 g), and the watermelon dessert had the highest fiber content (25.3 g). Among the recipes made with vegetable waste, the puff pastry with leek leaves had the highest energy value (2740 kcal), and the savory cake with cauliflower and potatoes contained the most protein (222.2 g) and fiber (184.1 g). Using parts like stems, peels, and leaves considered food waste in recipes also imparts functional properties to the recipes. The food waste used in this study possesses properties in the literature such as anti-cancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, prevention of neurological disorders, and anti-obesity, anti-diabetes, and anti-aging effects.
Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Production and Food Security
Authors: Artık Nevzat , Güçer Yalçın , Poyrazoğlu Ender Sinan
Published: September 2024

This comprehensive analysis provides a detailed examination of the impacts of climate change on the agricultural sector, offering sustainable solutions with the objective of ensuring global food security. The detrimental impact of climate change on agricultural production, including global warming, significant alterations in precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events, has been meticulously assessed, with careful consideration given to their potential consequences for future food supply and security. In this context, a number of critical strategies and policies have been proposed, including the strengthening of water management policies, the advancement of sustainable agricultural practices, the development of climate-resilient seeds, and the enhancement of agricultural technologies. Moreover, the imperative for international collaboration and shared accountability has been forcefully emphasised, underscoring the necessity of maintaining this pivotal issue at the forefront of the global agenda. It is evident that a comprehensive approach is essential for combating climate change and ensuring sustainable agricultural production. Sustainable solutions and international cooperation are vital for guaranteeing a reliable future food supply and food security. In this context, the implementation of the proposed strategies and policies represents a crucial step towards aligning the agricultural sector with future needs and effectively addressing climate change.
The Impact of Technology on Food Waste: Smart Packaging
Authors: Mesci Muammer , Aslan Yetkin Nalan , Pekerşen Yeliz
Published: September 2024

Food waste, which is constantly increasing and requires urgent intervention at all stages of the food supply chain, is a major problem. Failure to address this issue leads to larger problems such as biodiversity degradation, the climate crisis, and migration. Technological products are seen as a significant opportunity to prevent waste. Therefore, this study aims to explore the impact of technology on food waste, with a specific focus on smart packaging. By reviewing the literature on the subject, the study discusses and explains technological solutions to food waste (such as mobile phone applications, smart devices, waste recycling, and smart packaging), the relationship between packaging and food waste, and the importance of smart packaging in reducing food waste. In conclusion, it has been determined that technology is a crucial element in combating waste, new technologies should be supported, and the smart packaging system, in particular, plays a key role in preventing waste at the retail and consumption levels.
Evaluation of Climate Change in the Scope of Agriculture and Food
Authors: Türköz Bakırcı Gözde , Çakır Özlem
Published: September 2024

Global climate change is increasingly manifesting its effects day by day, and Turkey is also facing various adverse influences such as temperature fluctuations, excessive rainfall, drought, and storms. Each region within Turkey's borders has its own unique soil structure, contributing to agricultural diversity. Climate change complicates the cultivation of agricultural products, affecting both product quality and yield, and impacts agricultural labor. Furthermore, it can exert pressure on agriculture by causing social and economic issues. An interdisciplinary approach is essential to examine the effects of meteorological events resulting from climate change. Given the direct impact of climate change on agricultural and food security, it is crucial to analyze its root causes in this field. Measures must be taken to monitor indicators, understand the extent of their effects, and provide explanations accordingly. Evaluating the problems caused by meteorological disasters stemming from climate change on agricultural and food production, along with analyzing soil-economic impacts, is vital for developing solution-oriented recommendations. First, studies aimed at identifying the adversities caused by climate change and formulating scenarios to mitigate them should be planned. Subsequently, strategies should be developed to minimize the negative impacts.
Trends in Sustainability and Innovative Food Packaging Materials: An Overview
Authors: Caner Cengiz , Yüceer Muhammed , Harte Bruce
Published: September 2024

Globally, 1.3 billion tons of food are wasted or lost every year. This loss is valued at US $2.6 trillion and accounts for 8-10% of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Food waste is a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions and results in a waste of natural resources. Therefore, reducing food waste can help diminish GHG emissions, improve food security, and promote healthy food systems. Packaging plays an important role in protecting food, enhancing quality and safety, and reducing food losses. Innovative and sustainable packaging strategies are necessary to decrease waste accumulation, particularly of plastics, safeguard food quality and safety, and reduce food losses and waste. Sustainable packaging aims to enhance the effectiveness of design and the use of environmentally friendly materials. This review provides an overview of the sustainable status of common packaging materials such as plastic, glass, metal, and paper/cardboard based on the circular economy, which includes recycling, reuse, composting, and bio-based packaging. The study examines new developments in food packaging materials in response to the growing demand for environmentally sustainable alternatives. Several applications from food companies and sustainable studies are discussed regarding continuous availability without impacting the environment. Ongoing research and technological advancements, such as material reduction, the development of innovative new materials like bio-plastics, and improvements in recycling, will contribute to increasing the acceptance of sustainable packaging. Definitions, requirements, limitations, legislation, and applications of sustainable packaging are explored. Sustainable packaging can stimulate economic growth and offer new opportunities for companies, notably by helping the environment and reducing the carbon footprint. However, the cost of sustainable packaging can still be challenging for small businesses. Determining whether consumers are willing to pay more for sustainable packaging is also crucial in this transition.
Decompositions of multiplicative semigroups of m-domain rings and reduced Rickart rings
Authors: Cremer Insa
Published: September 2024

The main result of this article is that the multiplicative semigroup of an m-domain ring is a strong semilattice of certain subsemigroups, each of which turns out to be a \rcancellative\ monoid, and that this presentation of the semigroup as a strong semilattice of \rcancellative\ semigroups is essentially unique. As a consequence, it is shown that, given an m-domain ring $ \ang{R,+,\cdot} $ with the unary operation $ \dop{} $ mapping every element to its minimal idempotent duplicator (in the sense of N.V.~Subrahmanyam), the algebra $ \ang{R,\cdot,\dop{}} $ is a strong semilattice of \rcancellative\ \dsemigroup s (in the sense of T.~Stokes), also essentially unique. Implications for reduced Rickart rings, which can be seen as a subclass of m-domain rings, are also described.
Comparison of PMMA layers doped with methyl red and CdSe quantum dots for application in fibre optic
Authors: Kiczor Anna , Mergo Paweł
Published: September 2024

The paper presents a study of the luminescence properties in the visible spectral range of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) doped with organic dye-methyl red and CdSe quantum dots. The emission spectra of polymer-doped composite structures were investigated and compared with pure PMMA. Optical characterisation was carried out, focused on the measurement and analysis of excitation and luminescence spectra. Comparison of the spectroscopic characteristics of the developed materials allowed comparing the effect of doping on the luminescence properties of the obtained materials and considering their potential application as luminescent materials in fibre optic sensors.
Innovations in breast cancer detection: analyzing three clinical case reports to assess the Genius AITM Detection Solution
Authors: Singh Rani , Kandhi Sharath , Kshirsagar Ashwini , Gizienski Terri-Ann
Published: September 2024

Background:

This case series highlights the role of Hologic Genius AI™ Detection solution in improving breast cancer detection rates. Through AI-driven technology, Genius AI Detection solution enhances the accuracy and efficiency of identifying suspicious breast lesions, leading to early diagnosis and intervention. By leveraging deep learning algorithms, Genius AI Detection solution provides actionable computer-aided detection (CAD) findings in identifying and aiding in the interpretation of potential abnormalities in breast tomosynthesis images. It also helps prioritize cases to potentially improve reading efficiency ultimately impacting breast imaging and patient care.

Case presentation:

We present three challenging cases from a routine screening population, wherein patients flagged as high-priority or suspicious for malignancy by Genius AI Detection solution were subsequently diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and invasive lobular carcinoma that were all validated through biopsy and histopathological examination. We demonstrate the clinical utility of Hologic Genius AI Detection solution in detecting various types of breast cancers, including DCIS in a young patient with dense breast tissue and a family history of breast cancer, IDC in a patient with scattered fibroglandular densities and no family history, and invasive lobular carcinoma in a patient with similar breast density characteristics and no family history of breast cancer.

Conclusion:

The cases exemplify how Hologic Genius AI Detection solution can potentially improve breast cancer detection in clinical practice.
Successful revascularization therapy in altered mental state patient with posterior circulation stroke and left subclavian artery partial obstruction: a case report and review of literature
Authors: AlHammadi Asma , AlZaabi Ibraheem , AlJaberi Mohammed
Published: September 2024

Background: This case report highlights the successful revascularization therapy and favorable functional outcome in a rare and challenging case involving basilar artery occlusion and left subclavian artery partial obstruction.
Case Presentation: We report a patient presented with a high National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score and altered mental state following collapse. Timely intervention, with multidisciplinary team approach including mechanical thrombectomy and intravenous thrombolysis, led to a remarkable neurological recovery. The discussion emphasizes the significance of prompt revascularization in cases of posterior circulation stroke and underscores the need for further research on multiple arterial obstructions.
Conclusion: This case illustrates the potential for positive prognostic indicators even in complex scenarios, ultimately improving patient outcomes in such critical conditions.
Os conhecimentos docentes relacionados à Combinatória em um processo formativo com professoras de quarto e/ou quinto ano do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Silva Diana França Costa da , Santos Jaqueline Aparecida Foratto Lixandrão
Published: September 2024

O artigo debate sobre o desenvolvimento de conhecimentos docentes relacionado a situações combinatórias, invariantes e representações simbólicas por meio de Processo Formativo (PF) com professoras que ensinam Matemática em turmas de quarto e quinto ano do Ensino Fundamental. Trata-se de um recorte de uma pesquisa mais ampla que se iniciou com entrevistas semiestruturadas visando a identificar o perfil das participantes e continuou com um PF em três encontros. Neste texto, o foco está no terceiro encontro, no qual as professoras refletiram sobre estratégias para abordar a Combinatória em sala de aula. Os dados indicam que as participantes da pesquisa ampliaram compreensões na identificação das relações e propriedades nas situações combinatórias, aprimorando o conhecimento ao longo do PF.
Decisões didáticas de uma professora no planejamento do uso do jogo Real Code Breaker em aulas sobre Análise Combinatória
Authors: Almeida Magda Beatriz de Lima , Espíndola Elisângela Bastos de Melo
Published: September 2024

Tomou-se por objetivo analisar as decisões didáticas de uma professora no planejamento do uso do jogo Real Code Breaker em aulas sobre Análise Combinatória. Para tanto utilizou-se o Modelo de Fatores Decisionais, que se ancora na Teoria das Situações Didáticas e na Teoria Antropológica do Didático. Trata-se de uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso, com a participação de uma professora do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública de Feira Nova, PE. Como resultado, destaca-se a influência de fatores externos nas decisões didáticas, devido a mudanças no Ensino Médio; fatores epistêmicos relacionados a conteúdos de Análise Combinatória possíveis de serem explorados com o jogo; e fatores da história didática referentes às dificuldades dos estudantes em Análise Combinatória.
Palavras-chave: Decisões Didáticas. Análise Combinatória. Jogo Real Code Breaker.
Fatores associados ao sobrepeso e obesidade infantil em escolares do interior da Paraíba
Authors: Almeida Lourena de Melo , Formiga Walnara Arnaud Moura , Lima Rafael Ferreira , Nunes Victor Vinicius Lins , Dantas Josué Araújo , Tejo Ana Carolina do Ó , Stelitano Elenilda Ferreira de Almeida , Clementino Luísa Costa Ribeiro Fonseca , Dantas Janaina Lucio , Brandão Miriam de Andrade
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: A pesquisa objetivou investigar a influência de fatores associados ao sobrepeso e obesidade em escolares. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo, o qual foi realizado em uma escola do município de Pombal, PB, com amostra de 212 alunos de 07 a 10 anos. Os dados foram coletados em duas etapas, a primeira será uma avaliação antropométrica dos escolares e a segunda, a aplicação do questionário DAFA (Dia típico de atividade física e de consumo alimentar). Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que 17,24% dos alunos encontram-se com sobrepeso, 21,18% com obesidade e apenas 0,49% encontram-se com obesidade grave. Quanto à alimentação, com relação ao consumo de açúcares e gorduras foi encontrada diferença significativa entre a população eutrófica e a com sobrepeso e obesidade. Os demais grupos alimentares não mostraram diferença significativa. Com relação às atividades físicas recreativas, as que mostraram ter relação significativa com o estado nutricional dos alunos foram andar de skate, nadar, jogar bola e pular corda, os infantis que não praticavam esses tipos de atividades mostraram terem maior tendência a excesso de peso que os que praticam. Conclusão: Devido à gravidade da obesidade e suas é preocupante o percentual de crianças que encontram-se com excesso de peso no presente estudo, totalizando 38,91%.
Associação entre depressão, ansiedade, estresse e satisfação com a vida em universitários de um município no interior do Ceará
Authors: Braga Maria Laís Ribeiro , Rocha André Sousa , Batista Iany Tâmilla Pereira , Ferreira Antonia Juliana Mesquita , Sousa João Vitor Teixeira de , Rolim Vanessa Ximenes Bertoldo , Silva-Barbosa Carlos Eduardo da
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Investigar a relação entre ansiedade, estresse e depressão com níveis de satisfação com a vida em estudantes universitários em uma instituição localizada no interior do Ceará. Métodos: A amostra, não probabilística, foi de 237 universitários com idade entre 18 e 50 anos, com média de 23 anos (DP= 5,93). No que se refere ao sexo, 179 (75,52%) se autodeclararam mulheres. Foram utilizadas a Escala de Satisfação com a Vida e a Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse (DASS - 21). Resultados: Os resultados demonstram que os universitários pesquisados apresentam maior nível de estresse, e nível de satisfação com a vida razoavelmente satisfeitos. A correlação entre as variáveis resultou em uma força inversamente proporcional de magnitude fraca, significando que a medida que a depressão, ansiedade e estresse aumentam, a satisfação com a vida tem fraca tendência a diminuir. Conclusão: Considerando os resultados encontrados, percebe-se a relevância de se explorar e estudar os níveis de depressão, ansiedade e estresse entre os universitários e avaliar a satisfação com a vida, visto que os resultados obtidos reforçam a necessidade de intervenções.
Morbidade hospitalar por diabetes mellitus na Paraíba (2012-2021)
Authors: Santos Rasec Kayan Oliveira , Santos Neto José Rodrigues dos , Fonseca Pandora Eloa Oliveira , Nascimento Rafael Isaque Lira do , Bolonha Fabíola Jundurian
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil de morbidade das internações por diabetes mellitus no estado da paraíba. Métodos: Este estudo é descritivo, epidemiológico, transversal e ecológico, com uma abordagem quantitativa. Resultados: Entre 2012 e 2021, houve 28.491 hospitalizações relacionadas ao Diabetes mellitus na Paraíba. Na 3ª macrorregião, Patos - Sertão / Sousa - Alto sertão, as hospitalizações aumentaram significativamente em 102%, enquanto na 1ª e 2ª macrorregiões, João Pessoa e Campina Grande, houve quedas de -15% e -13%, respectivamente. As taxas de internamentos por 100.000 habitantes aumentaram em todas as regiões, com atendimentos predominantes na rede pública de saúde nas macrorregiões 2 e 3. A maioria das internações ocorreu em mulheres (58,7%), com variações por faixa etária. Segundo os cálculos realizados através das equações de tendência linear e coeficientes de determinação, demostraram que, houve uma modesta tendência de diminuição nas internações e taxas de morbidade hospitalar em todas as regiões. Conclusão: Conforme os dados, houve um significativo crescimento, tanto no quantitativo de hospitalizações quanto a média geral de hospitalizações por cem mil habitantes nos últimos dez anos no estado da Paraíba. A cor predominante foi a parda. Houve maior prevalência no sexo feminino, entretanto, existiu a diminuição nas taxas de morbidade hospitalar.
Avaliação do alto risco nutricional pelo NUTRIC Score em pacientes críticos
Authors: Silva Jackelyne Lopes , Garcez Michelle Lima , Frederico Rafael Folador , Sant'Ana Romulo Goronci , Silva Bruno Spalenza da , Calixto Karen de Vasconcelos , Comerio Gabriel Manea , Dazilio Gabriel Ferrari , Dal'Col João Marcos Follador , Bellettini-Santos Tatiani
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre alto risco nutricional pelo mNUTRIC e mortalidade em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo e analítico. Foram coletados dados do prontuário eletrônico e de um banco de dados informatizado. Foi utilizada a versão NUTRIC modificada, que desconsidera a variável interleucina-6 (IL-6) e participantes com Score superior a 5 pontos foram classificados como em alto risco nutricional. Foram inclusos 732 pacientes graves admitidos em UTI entre 2017 e 2021 e com tempo de internação hospitalar superior a 24h. Resultados: A Regressão de Cox demonstrou que pacientes classificados em baixo risco nutricional pelo mNUTRIC Score apresentaram em média 2,5 vezes maior sobrevida (RR = 2,509; p < 0,01; 95% CI = 2,011 – 3,129). A regressão logística revelou que pacientes em alto risco nutricional apresentam 6 vezes mais chances de evoluir a óbito durante a internação (HR = 5,986; p < 0,01; 95% CI = 4,329 – 8,277). Conclusão: Conclui-se que o alto risco nutricional pelo mNUTRIC Score prediz corretamente o risco de morte e outros desfechos desfavoráveis em pacientes críticos.
Ações de prevenção e controle do câncer de mama e sua interface com políticas públicas
Authors: Nascimento Daniella da Silva , Villani Renata Alves Gomes , Melo Flávia Bezerra de Souza , Rodrigues Bárbara Letícia Silvestre , Souza Thamires do Nascimento , Nascimento Danielle da Silva
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Analisar a produção científica de 2018 a 2023 acerca das ações públicas voltadas para o controle do câncer de mama com foco no diagnóstico precoce e rastreamento. Métodos: Conforme os padrões estabelecidos pela Declaração PRISMA, foi conduzida uma revisão integrativa da literatura. A busca pelos artigos realizou-se através das bases de dados: MedLine, Lilacs e SciELO. Foram empregados os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) “Câncer de Mama" e "Políticas Públicas em Saúde", cruzados através do booleano AND. No total, 8 estudos atenderam aos critérios de inclusão, abordando à questão norteadoras sobre as iniciativas direcionadas ao controle do câncer de mama no Brasil. Resultados: As ações voltadas para detecção precoce do câncer de mama são realizadas em todo território brasileiro, porém é necessário que sejam mais efetivas em toda Rede de Atenção à Saúde e de maneira mais equânime, considerando as disparidades regionais. Considerações finais: Os artigos revisados apontam que as diversas ações para prevenção e controle do câncer de mama, estão contempladas em políticas públicas específicas, políticas estruturantes do SUS, e em indicadores socioeconômicos. O rastreamento e a detecção precoce destacam-se como ações de prevenção e controle que contribuem significativamente para uma maior sobrevida das mulheres com câncer de mama.
Atuação da equipe multiprofissional ao paciente sob tratamento hansênico na promoção da qualidade de vida
Authors: Nascimento Vitória Fernanda Fernandes , Silva Raquel Pereira da Cruz , Araújo Glória Stéphany Silva de , Silva Maria Edillayne de Assunção , Pereira Leonardo da Conceição , Silva Irlanna Thamirys Barbosa , Batista Darliany Rebecca de Souza Silva , Leal Beatriz Arnaldo , Carvalho Lívia Maria Ramos de , Santos Mayara Natália Sousa dos
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Mapear, na literatura, a aplicação da assistência em saúde desenvolvida pela equipe de atenção primária ao paciente em tratamento hansênico em vista da promoção da qualidade de vida.  Métodos: Trata-se de revisão integrativa desenvolvida pelas bases de dados: The Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scopus, Web of Science. Utilizaram-se os seguintes descritores: Hanseníase, Atenção Primária à Saúde, Terapêutica, Qualidade de vida.  Incluíram-se artigos originais em inglês e português de acesso livre e publicados durante os anos de 2020 a 2024. Foram excluídos trabalhos de revisão de literatura, resumos, teses e monografias. Resultados: Fatores socioeconômicos e escolaridade foram atribuídos ao aumento da vulnerabilidade e abandono para a doença. A qualidade de vida dos pacientes é afetada pela dor, preconceito, incapacidade física, e sedentarismo. Dessa forma, verifica-se que a educação em saúde ofertada pela equipe multidisciplinar é uma ferramenta valiosa na promoção do autocuidado desses pacientes. Contudo, o acesso aos serviços é permeado por dificuldade sendo um fator agravante para o diagnóstico precoce e maiores consequências da hanseníase. Considerações finais: O processo de cuidado da equipe multiprofissional encontra-se ligado ao quadro de melhora da saúde dos clientes.
Terapia com hidroxiuréia associado ao uso de opioides e AINEs são os principais fármacos no manejo da crise falciforme
Authors: Emerenciano Luiza Magalhães , Queiroz Andrea Delmare Bomfim de , Oliveira Lindberg Jesuino de , Dobrachinski Leandro , Costa Juliana Leles , Bedin Paola , Oliveira Gustavo Cruz de , Coelho Fernanda Alves Martins , Melo Mikaela Raiane Nunes , Fávero Ana Júlia dal Ponte
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Investigar a literatura acerca dos tratamentos disponíveis para crise vaso oclusiva em pacientes portadores de Anemia Falciforme. Métodos: Revisão Integrativa da Literatura. O levantamento eletrônico ocorreu nas bases de dados Pubmed e LILACS. A busca nas bases de dados eletrônicas ocorreu com o auxílio das palavras-chaves “Anemia Falciforme”, “Tratamento”, “Dor vaso oclusiva”, “Doença falciforme”. As palavras foram ainda traduzidas para o idioma inglês da seguinte forma: “Sickle cell anemia”, “Treatment”, “Vaso occlusive pain”, “Sickle cell disease”. Resultados: Foram selecionados 16 estudos, sendo o mais recente publicado no ano de 2023 e o mais antigo no ano de 2007.  A dor aguda ocorre em regiões de costas, tórax, abdômen e extremidades, podendo ser desencadeados por episódios de desidratação, infecção, crises asmáticas e temperaturas muito amenas. A utilização de opioides no tratamento de crises de dor vaso-oclusivas em indivíduos com AF pode ser considerado eficaz. Considerações finais: A terapia com hidroxiuréia é a única droga modificadora de doença aprovada pela FDA e apresenta excelentes resultados no quesito modificação de doença. Os fármacos opioides e os anti-inflamatórios não esteróides permanecem como sendo a base para o tratamento de pacientes com crise vaso oclusiva.
Development and Research of a Method for Automatic Allocation of a City Street Road Network Based on Satellite Imagery
Authors: Тормозов В.С.
Published: September 2024

В статье предлагается метод обнаружения дорожного покрытия на спутниковых снимках земной поверхности, основанный на нейронных сетях. Модель построена на основе многослойного персептрона Румельхарта. В качестве входных значений для рассматриваемой нейронной сети применяются значения из цветовой модели RGB для каждого пикселя в отдельности. На основе значения нейрона последнего слоя выносится решение о принадлежности пикселя дорожному покрытию. Выполнено сравнение полученных результатов с реальным расположением дорожного покрытия на реальных космических снимках.

The article proposes a method of detecting road surface on satellite images of the Earths surface, based on neural networks. The model is based on Rumelharts multilayer perseptron. The input values for the neural network in question are values from the RGB color model for each pixel separately. Based on the neuron value of the last layer, the decision is made that the pixel belongs to the road surface. The obtained results are compared with the real location of the road surface on real space images.
Application of Fuzzy Logic Control in Technical Systems
Authors: Никифоров И.К.
Published: September 2024

Приводится анализ нынешнего состояния электроэнергетики в нашей стране и перспективы ее развития в виде потребителя с возможностью генерации и управления собственным потреблением, что потребует создания многоагентной системы, образованной разнородными по принципу получения электроэнергии источниками. Показано, что для управления такой системой требуется совершенно другой подход, основанный на принципах нечеткологического подхода и систем искусственного интеллекта. В статье приводятся: краткое сравнение принципов контроля и управления техническими системами в условиях неопределенности анализ некоторых причин отказа широкого внедрения синергетических принципов контроля и управления в электроэнергетике основы нечеткологического управления этапы разработки нечеткой системы управления.

The analysis of the current state of the electric power industry in our country and the prospects for its development in the form of a consumer with the ability to generate and manage its own consumption, which will require the creation of a multiagent system formed by heterogeneous sources on the principle of obtaining electricity. It is shown that the management of such a system requires an approach based on the principles of fuzzy logic approach and artificial intelligence systems. The article presents: a brief comparison of the principles of control and management of technical systems under uncertainty analysis of some reasons for the failure of widespread implementation of synergetic principles of control and management in the electric power industry the basics of fuzzy control and examples of application stages of development of fuzzy control system.
Data Analysis. Analytical Platform Deductor Studio VS. Python Programming Language
Authors: Буланов В.А. , Фомичёва О.Е.
Published: September 2024

В работе рассматривается решение базовых задач анализа данных с использованием аналитической платформы Deductor и библиотек языка Python, предназначенных для решения задач анализа данных. Осуществляется сравнение возможностей Deductor и Python, а также некоторых возможностей SQL с точки зрения задач анализа данных.

The paper considers the solution of basic data analysis problems using the Deductor analytical platform and Python libraries designed to solve data analysis problems. It compares the capabilities of Deductor and Python, as well as some of the features of SQL in terms of data analysis tasks.
New Approach to Assessment the Sustainable Functioning of Information Transmission Systems
Authors: Титов М.Ю. , Трубиенко О.В. , Титова М.М.
Published: September 2024

В статье приводится обоснование необходимости создания системы передачи информации (СПИ), позволяющей с максимальной эффективностью связать воедино процессы сбора, обработки, передачи, отображения и использования данных для решения практических задач. Представлена статистическая модель системы передачи информации в операторной форме. Определены критерии оптимальности при построении оптимальной системы передачи информации. Сформулированы основные принципы решения задачи по построению оптимальной системы передачи информации на основе математической статистики.

The article presents justification of the need to create a system of information transmission and link data collection, processing, transmission, display and use to solve practical problems with maximum efficiency. A statistical model system of information transmission is presented. Optimality criteria at construction system of information transmission are defined. The basic principles of solving the problem of building an optimal transmission system are formulated on the basis of mathematical statistics.
Monitoring the Security of the Internet of Things Infrastructure Based on Machine Learning Technologies
Authors: Мустафаев А.Г.
Published: September 2024

Стремительное развитие технологий позволило миллиардам устройств подключаться к глобальной сети Интернет, используя как проводную, так и беспроводную инфраструктуру. В результате пользователи и сетевые ресурсы подвержены большому числу потенциальных угроз. Особое внимание необходимо уделить безопасности Интернета вещей (IoT), поскольку он включает в себя любые объекты или устройства с сетевыми возможностями. Технологии IoT играют решающую роль в совершенствовании реальных интеллектуальных приложений, таких как интеллектуальное здравоохранение, интеллектуальные дома, интеллектуальный транспорт и интеллектуальное образование. Традиционных механизмов (межсетевые экраны, системы обнаружения и предотвращения вторжений) уже недостаточно для защиты инфрастуктуры IoT. Безграничная архитектура IoT вызывает дополнительные опасения, связанные с контролем доступа к сети и проверки программного обеспечения. Реализация мер безопасности, таких как шифрование, аутентификация, контроль доступа, сетевая безопасность и безопасность приложений для устройств IoT неэффективна. Поэтому существующие методы безопасности должны быть улучшены для эффективной защиты экосистемы IoT. Инфраструктура IoT предоставляет новые поверхности атак, вызванные взаимозависимыми и взаимосвязанными средами IoT. По этой причине безопасность в IoT-системах должна быть выше, чем в других вычислительных системах, и традиционное решение может быть неэффективным для таких систем.

The rapid development of technology has enabled billions of devices to connect to the global Internet using both wired and wireless infrastructure. As a result, users and network resources exposed to a large number of potential threats. Particular attention must paid to the security of the Internet of things (IoT), since it includes any objects or devices with network capabilities. IoT technologies play a crucial role in improving real-world smart applications such as smart healthcare, smart homes, smart transportation, and smart education. Traditional mechanisms (firewalls, intrusion detection and prevention systems) are no longer sufficient to protect IoT infrastructure. The unlimited architecture of IoT raises additional concerns related to network access control and software verification. Implementing security measures, such as encryption, authentication, access control, network security, and application security, is inefficient for IoT devices. Therefore, existing security practices must be improved to eff ectively protect the IoT ecosystem. IoT infrastructure provides new attack surfaces caused by interdependent and interconnected IoT environments. For this reason, security in IoT systems should be higher than in other computing systems, and a traditional solution may be ineffective for such systems.
Mathematical Model of the Subsystem for Analytical Processing of Time-distributed Information Security Incidents
Authors: Королёв И.Д. , Попов В.И. , Гайфулин В.В. , Окрачков А.А.
Published: September 2024

В статье построена математическая модель подсистемы аналитической обработки данных системы обнаружения, предупреждения и ликвидации последствий компьютерных атак и описан процесс ее функционирования. На основе теории автоматов построена структурная модель, которая обеспечивает раннее обнаружение инцидентов информационной безопасности с определенной степенью вероятности, а также обнаружение инцидентов информационной безопасности, распределенных во времени. Построена граф-схема алгоритма, предоставляющего возможность практической реализации предлагаемой модели. Даны вероятностные показатели процесса заблаговременного прогнозирования наступления инцидента информационной безопасности, обусловленного как случайными и независимыми событиями информационной безопасности, так и целенаправленной атакой на информационные ресурсы.

The mathematical model of the subsystem of analytical data processing of the system for detecting, preventing and eliminating the consequences of computer attacks is built and the process of its functioning is described. Based on the theory of automata, a structural model is constructed that provides early detection of information security incidents with a certain degree of probability, as well as detecting information security incidents distributed over time. A graph-scheme of the algorithm is constructed that provides the possibility of practical implementation of the proposed model. The probabilistic indicators of the process of early prediction of the occurrence of an information security incident due to both random and independent information security events and a targeted attack on information resources are given.
Methodological Bases of Constructing a System of Predictive Control of the State of Heterogeneous Fiber-optical Linear Paths
Authors: Музалевский Д.Ю. , Сидельников Н.Е.
Published: September 2024

Рассматриваются вопросы построения системы прогнозирующего контроля волоконно-оптических линейных трактов транспортных сетей связи инвариантных к технологии передачи. Эффективность предлагаемых решений достигается за счет сбора, накопления и первичной обработки информации состояния элементов транспортной сети связи и текущих показателей качества функционирования гетерогенных волоконно-оптических линейных трактов, синтезированных на основе DWDM-технологии. Реализация предложенных подходов достигается посредством использования технологии интеллектуального анализа данных совместно со средствами параллельной обработки и хранения оптической информации в рамках нейрооптической парадигмы.

The problems of building a system of predictive control of fiber-optic linear paths of transport communication networks invariant to transmission technology are considered. The effectiveness of the proposed solutions is achieved through the collection, accumulation and primary processing of information on the state of the elements of the transport communication network and current performance indicators of the functioning of heterogeneous fiber-optic linear paths synthesized based on DWDM technology. The implementation of the proposed approaches is achieved through the use of data mining technology in conjunction with the means of parallel processing and storage of optical information in the framework of the neurooptical paradigm.
Evolution of artificial intelligence in computer games
Authors: Алдиканджи А.
Published: September 2024

В настоящей статье рассматривается специфика технического воплощения искусственного интеллекта в компьютерных играх, основные способы организации и производства интеллектуальных систем, направления совершенствования и методы эволюционирования искусственного интеллекта в компьютерных играх.

This article discusses the specifics of the technical implementation of artificial intelligence in computer games, the main ways of organization and production of intelligent systems, areas of improvement and methods of evolution of artificial intelligence in computer games.
Industry 4.0 in Practice: a Virtual Stand of the Automation Object
Authors: Андриянов И.Н.
Published: September 2024

В статье рассматривается пример реализации учебного/отладочного виртуального стенда объекта автоматизации, который позволяет разработать и отладить программу управляющего контроллера. На стенде имеется возможность задания различных входных сигналов и объектов управления, а также возможность взаимодействия с пользователем и отладки программы в реальном времени или пошагово.

The article discusses an example of the implementation of the training/debugging virtual stand of the automation object, which allows you to develop and debug the program of the controller. The stand has the ability to set various input signals and control objects, as well as the ability to interact with the user and debug the program in real time or step by step.
Vision system for quality control of fruits and vegetables
Authors: Балабанов П.В. , Юдаев В.А.
Published: September 2024

В статье приведена функциональная схема системы оптического контроля качества плодоовощной продукции. Система предусматривает обнаружение яблок или клубней картофеля, транспортируемых на роликовом конвейере, а также определение координат дефектных объектов контроля и их подсветку лазерным указателем. Для обнаружения объектов контроля используют их изображения, полученные в видимом диапазоне оптического спектра излучения и алгоритмы поиска Виолы-Джонса. В основе разработанного программного обеспечения используется обученный каскадный классификатор, оптимальные настройки которого определены. Для обнаружения дефектов поверхности объектов используются их спектрограммы, полученные в диапазоне 400..1000 нм.

The article provides a functional diagram of the system of optical quality control of fruits and vegetables. The system provides for the detection of apples or tubers of potatoes transported on a roller conveyor, as well as the determination of the coordinates of defective objects of control and their illumination with a laser pointer. To detect objects of control, use their images obtained in the visible range of the optical emission spectrum and Viola-Jones search algorithms. The developed software uses a trained cascade classifier, the optimal settings of which are determined. To detect surface defects of objects, their spectrograms are used, obtained in the range 4001000 nm.