bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
European Integration: Everything New Is Actually Well-Forgotten Old
Authors: Andronova Inna , Abashidze Aslan
Published: October 2024

Introduction: the paper examines the history of the formation and competence of regional economic integration associations after the Second World War. The analysis of the integration processes that took place in the context of the current state of the world economy is given. The question of the viability of those models of integration associations that are still being used by the representatives of the West in opposition to the model proposed by Russia is raised. The purpose of the presented research is to analyze the state of the European system of economic integration with a comparative analysis of models of integration associations and to establish the characteristics and trends of development of such models, as well as to determine the role and place of Russia in integration associations. Methods: the paper was prepared with using the methods of scientific cognition, mainly the method of system analysis, comparative law and historical methods. Results: the most effective and rational strategy for cooperation within the framework of economic integration is to promote the role and effectiveness of existing integration associations (SCO, EAEU, BRICS and others), to attract states to participate in them, which the Russian Federation adheres to in accordance with the provisions of the current Foreign Policy Concept. Conclusions: regional economic integration is a multifaceted phenomenon that can strengthen the geopolitical importance and economy of only individual participants of the association, assist in establishing effective interaction between small and medium-sized (in terms of assessing economic power) states with larger integration entities and, in the case of Russia, contribute to the restoration and development of production, as well as the creation of their own Eurasian TNCs based on existing experience and resource base.
The Relationship of a Shared-Equity Construction Agreement with an Investment Agreement: Consumer Protection Issues
Authors: Baltutite Iolanta
Published: October 2024

Introduction: a shared-equity construction agreement and an investment agreement are key instruments in the field of real estate and investments. They define the rights and obligations of the participants; affect the quality of construction and consumer protection. Purpose: to analyze the relationship between these two types of agreements with an emphasis on issues related to consumer protection; to analyze judicial practices, case-law decisions and legislative norms governing shared-equity construction and investment agreements, taking into account their impact on the rights and interests of real estate buyers. Methods: the methodological framework for the research is based on the methods of scientific cognition, among which the main ones are the methods of consistency, analysis and comparative law. Results: consumer protection within the framework of equity agreements and investment agreements plays an important role in ensuring trust and fairness in relations between the parties. The legal mechanisms and protection structures allow consumers to make informed decisions and ensure their interests when concluding such agreements. Conclusions: the work provides an overview of practical situations affecting consumer protection and offers the recommendations for improving the mechanisms for protecting and ensuring their interests in the context of various contractual relationships, contributing to the balanced development of the real estate market and investments.
Problems and Prospects of Unification of the Concepts of “Tokens”, “Digital Assets” and “Digital Rights”
Authors: Kostyan Oksana
Published: October 2024

Introduction: the accelerated digital transformation of the economy leads to a lack of unity in understanding the essence of new digital objects and a lag in the legal regulation from the pace of digitalization. As a result, when characterizing new digital objects, there arise terminological inaccuracies, discussions regarding the expediency and correctness of legislative innovations, and the gaps in the legal regulation of digital objects of legal relations. As a result, the purpose of the current study is to define the essence and delineate the concepts of “token”, “digital assets” and “digital rights”. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are defined: to study the definitions of the above-mentioned concepts available in the legal doctrine, their role in the civil legislation, to develop a systematic understanding of the digital objects selected for research. Methods: the methodological framework for the study is a set of methods: the terminological analysis of individual digital objects – tokens, digital assets and digital rights; the generalization of the studied materials by induction to determine the subordination of the described digital objects; the generalization and comparison of doctrinal concepts on the relationship between the concepts of “digital assets” and “digital rights”. Based on the conducted research, the following results are achieved: the doctrinal differences are revealed in the understanding of the term “token”, in the correctness of the identification of “digital rights” as an object of civil rights, in the correlation of the concepts of “token”, “digital asset” and “digital rights”; the classification of digital assets is of scientific interest in the framework of further research. According to the results of the scientific research, the author has made a number of conclusions, in particular: 1) the lack of unity in the definitions of new digital terms generates discussions regarding the current norms of the Russian legislation and hinders the introduction of promising digital structures into civil circulation; 2) in order to unify digital terminology, the following changes to the Russian legislation are proposed: digital assets should be distinguished as a separate category of objects of civil rights; digital rights should be defined as a kind of digital asset expressed in monetary form; a token should be defined as a means of balance sheet accounting of a digital asset and the authentication of users of an information system.
Current Issues of the Legal Regulation of Administrative Liability of Legal Entities
Authors: Barakhoeva Alla
Published: October 2024

Introduction: the paper deals with the study of the conceptual rules of bringing organizations to administrative liability in the administrative tort legislation. There is a defect of their developing in the administrative legislation norms, which ultimately leads to the negative results of law enforcement. Attention is drawn to the various approaches of theorists and law enforcement officers on the issues under study. The alternative models of bringing organizations to administrative liability are proposed. Methods: the work uses the general scientific and specific scientific methods of cognition. Among them are the methods of interpreting legal norms, problem-theoretical, comparative law, systemic, structural, formal legal, functional, and intersectoral methods. Results: the contradiction between the conceptual rules governing the administrative liability of organizations and the general provisions of the administrative legislation, as well as their inconsistency with the general principles and goals of administrative punishment is revealed. The specific proposals are formulated to modernize the institution of administrative liability of organizations, which can be perceived by the legislator to improve it. Conclusions: the scientists have been using the term of public legal entity since the pre-revolutionary times. The nature, goals, and processes of creation, reorganization, and liquidation of private and public legal entities differ significantly. In this regard, it is necessary to introduce the concept of a public legal entity into the administrative legislation. Abandoning the behavioral concept of guilt of an organization in favor of a behavioral-psychological one will lead to the possibility of establishing the forms of guilt of a legal entity, as well as allow avoiding objective imputation when bringing them to justice.
Embodied and Sensorial Methodologies for Researching Performance: Kinesthetic Empathy
Authors: Vara Celia
Published: October 2024

This video article shows some of the embodied methodologies during fieldwork researching the corporeal practices by Catalonian artist Fina Miralles (b.1950). I made use of my own performances, feldenkrais and 5Rythms dance; re-create some performances in the sites that took place, extensive archival work, film during fieldwork, and conversations with the artist and curatorial practices. This research-creation process provides a genuine tool to develop a corporeal methodology focused on kinesthesia and kinesthetic empathy.
Breathing the Earth: Bodily Exploration of Relationality in Eco-rituals and Dances
Authors: Cho Kyoung Mann , Choi Haeree
Published: October 2024

This video  article is on the body movement, bodily exploration to make relationality with earth. On the body movements in environmental activism, rituals, and dances this article focuses. In spring 2003, the author attended a penance and walking called Samboilbae. Ever since, Samboilbae has been revered as representative, bodily, non-violent resistance in Korea. It has been recognized as highly sincere quest for resilience in human beings with more-than-human world, This video article tries to tell the participants’ bodily efforts and exploration toward embodiment of ecosomatic relationality between body and earth. At the second case, an invented ritual & performance based on old custom Maehyang, this article tries to tell ecological relationality embodied through the immersive or embedded matter and bodies in earth. At the last case, an invented ritual & performance based on old custom, Gaetje, the participants’ dances, ritual behaviors and materials were focused on. Bodily exploration into the forest and ocean for reciprocity, sensing and being sensed between human selves and earth, this article tries to tell.
The constitutional principle of freedom of work in emergency conditions: Old problems and new challenges
Authors:   South Ural State University (National Research University), Sagandykov Mikhail S.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this scientific article was to identify theoretical and practical problems that arise in the process of implementing the principle of freedom of work in a state of emergency, the presence of an emergency situation and the introduction of a high-alert regime. The task is to outline ways to eliminate contradictions in labor legislation and law enforcement practice. To achieve this goal, the scientific literature devoted to the problems of restricting the labor rights of citizens during the period of various emergency regimes, including the high-alert regime, has been studied. The empirical basis of the work was the materials of judicial practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and courts of general jurisdiction in cases of transfer of employees to other jobs in accordance with parts 2 and 3 of Article 72.2 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. The cases reviewed related to two periods – before and after the introduction of a high-alert regime in the country in connection with the COVID-19 coronavirus epidemic. An attempt has been made to trace changes in the approaches of judicial authorities to the grounds that employers use to transfer employees without their consent to another job. The author joins the opinion of a number of researchers who draw attention to the contradictory nature of the subordinate law-making of state authorities of the Russian Federation and its subjects aimed at countering the spread of coronavirus. The need to specify the powers of the President of the Russian Federation, executive authorities of the Russian Federation and its subjects in Article 5 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation as a permanent norm in case of various kinds of crisis situations is supported. It is necessary to clarify at the legislative level the rights of employees, which may be restricted in the event of a state of emergency, the presence of an emergency situation or the establishment of a high-alert regime, to determine the limits of such restrictions. In conclusion, it is proposed to make specific changes to parts 2 and 3 of Article 72.2 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation to specify cases and situations where transfer to another job is permissible without the consent of the employee.
The Austrian constitutional model of the division of competence between the Federation and the Lands
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Krovelshchikova Valeria V.
Published: October 2024

The constitutional development of the Austrian state at the turn of the XIX – early XX centuries was characterized by a combination of centralist and federalist tendencies. One of the controversial issues during the monarchy, and later in the First Austrian Republic, was the issue of the division of competence between the central government and its constituent parts. The Austrian half of the monarchy (Cisleithania), despite the long tradition of separate crown lands, was a unitary state, although decentralized. The division of competence between the center and the lands was based on the February Patent of 1861 and the December Constitution of 1867. At the same time, the issue of the correlation of different types of laws has not received certain regulation. In constitutional practice, there is an indisputable doctrine about the equal force of the imperial laws and the laws of the lands. After the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the state of German Austria was created, which, according to Austrian legal historians, arose as a decentralized unitary state. The constitutional processes took place with the active participation of political parties. In the coalition agreement concluded on October 17, 1919 between the Social Democrats and the Christian Socialists, it was stated that the constitution should be adopted as soon as possible. By the beginning of the work of the Subcommittee of the Constitutional Committee in July 1920, agreement had been reached on a significant part of the constitutional text. At the same time, the issues of the division of competence between the Federation and the lands, as well as the relationship between federal law and land law, remained controversial. The Federal Constitutional Law, adopted on October 1, 1920 by the Constituent National Assembly, establishes a complex model for dividing competence between the federation and the lands. The theoretical justification for this approach to the regulation of the division of competence was presented in the first commentary to the Federal Constitutional Law, co-authored by Hans Kelsen (Professor at the University of Vienna, member of the Constitutional Court), Georg Froelich (Adviser to the Minister of the Federal Chancellery) and Adolf Merkle (Professor at the University of Vienna) (1922). The Austrian model of the division of competence between the federation and the lands remains unique, theoretically grounded, and characterized by political and institutional continuity.
Terminology of the Institute of exemption from liability in civil law
Authors:   Tyumen State University, Zimneva Svetlana V.
Published: October 2024

The study of the Institute of exemption from liability for breach of obligations is a very relevant topic, due to various kinds of emergencies occurring in the world that affect the fulfillment of obligations by the parties. The article examines the normative concepts that serve as the name of cases when the responsibility of participants in business relations for violation of obligations does not occur. These are the concepts of "exemption from liability", "exclusion of liability" and "elimination of liability". The existence of such different terms in legislation and scientific doctrine, in relation to exemption from civil liability, causes discussion, does not contribute to a uniform understanding and practical application of civil law norms. With the help of general scientific and private scientific methods of cognition, in particular, formal legal, structural and functional, the author analyzes and compares the concepts of "exemption from liability", "exclusion of liability" and "elimination of liability" in order to establish the grounds for the application of these concepts. The article concludes that the criterion for distinguishing concepts from each other and from related legal categories is the presence or absence of elements (conditions) of the offense. The analysis of legal doctrine, legislation and judicial practice, in relation to the concepts of exemption from civil liability, showed that each of the studied terms carries its own content load. Applying different concepts of the institution of exemption from liability, it is necessary to take into account that the term can be either the result of conciliatory actions of the parties to the contract, or follow from the requirements of the norms of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. In the field of business relations, exemption from liability comes depending on the evidence or lack of evidence of certain circumstances. In the presence of certain conditions, exemption from liability is an exceptional measure aimed at ensuring the stability of economic activity. The paper concludes that it is advisable to introduce a legal definition of the concept of "exemption from liability" into civil legislation, in view of the existing problem of distinguishing between exemption and exclusion of liability. The author defines the concept of "exemption from civil liability". In order to move to a uniform terminological unity, in the norms on exemption for violation of contractual obligations, it is suggested that the concept of "elimination of liability" should be excluded from the normative text, as duplicating the legal meaning of the concept of "exemption from liability".
Cells Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) and External Expression of Enzymatic Browning for the Commercially Important Penaeids Prawns Parapenaeus longirostris and Penaeus kerathurus
Authors: Georgios K Efthymiadis , Spyridon Karkabounas , Nikos Stamatis , Chryssa Anastasiadou
Published: October 2024

The enzymatic browning process, known also as melanosis, is a significant indicator of oxidative damage in commercially important shrimps and prawns. Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) serves as a vital measure of molecular defense against melanosis, a crucial mechanism for organisms to combat detrimental factors such as free radicals. This contribution delves into the assessment of this process for the penaeid species, Parapenaeus longirostris and Penaeus kerathurus. Samples were stored at refrigerator temperature (4 °C) for 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 days for P. longirostris, and for 0, 2, 4, 8, and 16 days for P. kerathurus. Each day’s samples consisted of groups of ten individuals (5 males, and 5 females). TAC was determined using the CrO5 method. Results revealed an initial TAC increase followed by a gradual decrease over time. Additionally, exterior changes in both species were visually documented daily to capture the macroscopic manifestation of enzymatic browning, aligning with the molecular profile of the samples. Furthermore, Quality Index Method was conducted, where five evaluators graded the organoleptic qualities (texture, odor, color) of the prawn individuals, daily. This assessment aimed to scrutinize the external alterations of the shrimps under refrigeration conditions, revealing changes via sensory evaluation and the Quality Index Method.
About the Need to Study the Effect of Soil Salinity on Diseases
Authors: BA Kamalov , DI Isakov
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the issues of diseases and their development characteristic of the conditions of saline lands, which have received little attention so far. Due to deficiencies in irrigated agriculture, salinization is increasing more and more. In some countries, the share of saline land is 32% - 78% of the total used land. As a result of some studies, it was found that in areas with a lot of saline land, there is a higher incidence of diseases of the digestive organs and even cancer. In Mingbuloq District, Namangan Region of Uzbekistan, there was a high incidence of “Certain disorders related to the immune mechanism of diseases of blood and blood-forming organs (including anemia)” in adolescents under 14 years of age. Almost 2 times more was found. Judging from statistical data, it is possible to note a high level of infant mortality in many countries with saline lands. These data indicate that the study of the effects of salt-flooded lands on diseases is the most urgent problem.
Breton’s Hatchet: A Dream Simulation at the Confluence between Surrealism and AI
Authors: Francesca Vagnoni , Paolo Scopelliti
Published: October 2024

Many recent experiences done by AI in the fields of augmented creativity and computational art are full of unleashing the algorithms’ surrealist power. Surrealism, the avant-garde movement Breton launched in 1924 in Paris, combined his artistic needs with those of nascent psychoanalysis: so, dream stories, automatic writing and simulations of mental illnesses allowed historical surrealism to make a notable contribution to the development of psychoanalysis. Now that neuroscience and AI are joining both psychoanalysis and Surrealism, the absence of dream simulation in historical surrealism is even more striking. Dream Simulation is by now a new psychotherapeutic strategy, conceived in Italy by Dr. Francesca Vagnoni, which presents interesting points of contact with the experiments the French neurosurrealist group Obvious is carrying out by AI.
On the relevance of the legacy of V.S. Solovyov
Authors:   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Maksimov M.V.
Published: October 2024

The general characteristics of the materials of the International “Round table” “Relevance of V.S. Solovyov's legacy: philosophy, philology, cultural studies (modernity calls and possible answers)” devoted to the discussion of the problems of V.S. Solovyov's legacy research are presented. The initiator and organizer of the scientific event was the editorial board of the journal “Solovyov studies”. The discussion was attended by Russian and foreign specialists – philosophers, philologists, cultural scientists from the largest universities and academic centers in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Ivanovo, Nizhny Novgorod, Kaliningrad, Kostroma, Saransk, Astrakhan. Foreign participants are researchers of V.S. Solovyov's legacy from Italy, Spain, and France. It is noted that the discussion participants focused on the problems of historiography and source studies of Russian philosophy in general and the legacy of V.S. Solovyov. The relevance of the ethical vector of his historiosophical ideas is pointed out to the philosophical unreasonableness and politicization of modern attacks on Solovyov's legacy, the lack of a fundamental scientific and philosophical research program. Attention is drawn to the need for further research into the historical and philosophical context of the formation of V.S. Solovyov's philosophical views and their influence on the subsequent development of culture, on the prospects of the projects “logic of unity” and “philosophy of neo-unity” being developed. The relevance of the idea of Christian unity by V.S. Solovyov is noted. Promising directions for further philological study of his work are revealed. The role of the journal “Solovyov Studies” in the development of Russian and foreign Solovyov studies is determined.
V.S. Solovyov and Modern Problems of Historiography and Source Study of Russian Philosophy
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Malinov A.V. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: October 2024

The article presents answers to the following questions formulated by the editorial board of the journal “Solovyov Studies”: How do you assess the current state of research in this field and, in particular, the heritage of V.S. Solovyov? Is there obvious success in publishing the heritage of Russian philosophers and rather sufficient activity of relevant studies? What are the failures and what, in your opinion, are the reasons for them? In recent years in the community of researchers of the history of Russian philosophy one can hear the opinion that the philosophical heritage of V.S. Solovyov is irrelevant. In your opinion, has Solovyov lost his relevance? What aspects of his philosophical, literary and journalistic legacy have not yet been sufficiently developed, are there prospects for the development of the philosophy of unitotality, or does it belong entirely to history? The significance of V.S. Solovyov's legacy as the first, most developed philosophical system and the relevance of his teachings as the most successful example of philosophical thought in Russian are considered. The contribution of V.S. Solovyov to the development of philosophical terminology in Russia is pointed out. A brief outline of the historiography of Russian philosophy is given. It is noted that there is not a large number of critical editions of the sources of Russian philosophy, that the research of the history of Russian philosophy is not a priority in national science and educational policy, that there is not enough historiographical reflection. Modern researchers of Russian philosophy have not formulated fundamentally new approaches and belong to the same historiographical paradigm as the authors of the early 20th century. The situation can be changed by creating a new historical and philosophical narrative.
V.S. Solovyov and the Choice of the Russian Civilization
Authors:   Nizhniy Novgorod academy of The Ministry of Internal Affairs of The Russian Federation, Treushnikov I.A.
Published: October 2024

The attention is focused on the idea that the modern phase in the Russian philosophical and social thinking is characterized by the discourse on civilizational choice of Russia. Therewith, addressing the Russian religious and philosophical tradition is deemed to be relevant. The central personality of the Russian religious philosophy is Vladimir S. Solovyov – the ideological founder of the all-unity philosophy. His contemplation on multiple topics became significant for the Russian society of his time as well as of the modern days. It is stipulated, that one of the central topics for the Russian society is the problem of correlation of western and eastern elements of spiritual culture and historical development of Russia. Contemplation on this problem based on the creative heritage of Vladimir Solovyov makes his standpoint relevant in the current stage. The opinion that Solovyov's solution to the “East-West” dichotomy is based on the acknowledgement of universal christian values as the highest factor of historical development is being sustained. This allowed the founder of the all-unity to stipulate the highest ideals of spiritual and moral perfection as a goal of the progress of the society, to highlight the threat of spiritual crisis, to anticipate catastrophic events of the following historical period. The universalistic approach of Vladimir Solovyov presumes the inclusion of Russia into the context of the European Christian culture. The philosopher assumed for Russia a task of “global synthesis” of western and eastern values in global scale. Detailed ways of solving this task were utopian. The conclusion is made that the relevance of the philosopher's standpoint for the present is constituted by the vision of main tendencies in spiritual and social life. The all-unity philosophy is deemed to be productive to justify the general Russian identity of the present.
The Relevance of the Philosophical Heritage of Vladimir Solovyov: Challenges of Our Time and Possible Answers
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Medovarov M.V.
Published: October 2024

The study is dedicated to the current problems in the philosophical heritage of Vladimir Solovyov, which are most in demand nowadays. The introduction of the concept of “Russian classical philosophy” in relation to Solovyov and his followers is justified. The thesis about the philosophical groundlessness and politicization of recent attacks on Solovyov’s legacy, about the inclination of his metaphysical opponents to the priority of the multiplicity and ontological dualism is put forward. An assessment of the possibilities of contemporary Russian philosophy is made, it should satisfy two requirements: preserving all the positive aspects of the philosophy of Solovyov and his successors and taking into account the rich experience of foreign thought of the twentieth century, rooted in the same traditions as Russian classical philosophy.
NON-HOMOGENEOUS POISSON PROCESS OF A QUADRATIC TRANSMUTED LOG-LOGISTIC MODEL
Authors: Aseri Haneen Ahmad , Al-Turk Lutfiah Ismail , Shahbaz Saman Hanif
Published: October 2024

In recent years, software reliability engineering has become a major topic due to rapid technological advancements, as researchers work to interpret and analyze software reliability data. Therefore, establishing new software reliability models is essential to possess reliable tools for diagnosing software systems. This paper proposes a new NHPP model based on the quadratic transmuted log-logistic (QTLL) distribution. The characteristics of the model were obtained and graphically illustrated. Three real software data sets were applied to evaluate the proposed model based on different criteria. The parameters of the NHPP QTLL were estimated using maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), and nonlinear least squares estimation (NLSE), and a comparative analysis of the two estimation methods has been performed to estimate the model parameters. Additionally, a study was carried out to compare the suggested model with other well-known NHPP models. The results indicate that NLSE outperforms MLE in parameter estimation. Furthermore, the NHPP QTLL model demonstrated superior performance across all evaluation assessments compared to other models. The graphical representation also shows that the proposed model is more effective in fitting fault data than existing models.
Aspirin Spectrophotometric Determination using Cloud Point Extraction and HPLC in Several Pharmaceuticals Sold in Iraqi Markets
Authors:   University of Kufa, Al-Najaf, Iraq, Mohammed Hanaa Abdullah , Hameed Safa Majeed ,   University of Kufa, Al-Najaf, Iraq
Published: October 2024

In this work, a sensitive tandem cloud-point extraction (CPE) method with a solvation system was employed to detect aspirin in various pharmaceuticals. Aspirin, in a dilute acidic solution, formed a complex with Zn(II) ions ([Zn(II)-aspirin] complex), which was then extracted using two different surfactant systems - nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 and a mixture of surfactants (SDS-Tween 80). The extracted complex was subsequently determined using spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 293 nm for Triton X-100 and 231 nm for SDS-Tween 80. The parameters for extraction, including HCl and Zn(II) concentration, temperature, heating time, and solvent used to dissolve the cloud point layer, were thoroughly investigated. Highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used as the standard method to compare the quantitative analysis of the cloud-point extraction-onium system.
A Green Switchable Hydrophilic Solvent Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Coupled with Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction for Preconcentration and Spectrophotometric Determination of Sunset Yellow Dye
Authors:   University of Al-Qadisiyah, Dewanyia, Iraq, Tariq Zianab , Hassan Remah A. ,   University of Al-Qadisiyah, Dewanyia, Iraq
Published: October 2024

A capable, fast, and simple switchable hydrophilicity solvent-based homogenous liquid-liquid microextraction (SHS-LLME) followed by magnetic-solid phase extraction (MSPE) on highly hydrophobic linoleic acid (LA) modified Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) has been developed as a new approach for the extraction and preconcentration of sunset yellow dye before its spectrophotometric determination. The main parameters affecting the efficiency of extraction procedures and signal improvement were examined and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the method was linear in the range of 10 to 100 mg L-1 for the analyte, with a correlation coefficient R² of 0.9923 and a detection limit of 5.20 mg L-1.
The influence of urban green areas on health: a review
Authors: Absatarov Ravshanbek R. , Mamasadyk uulu Arstanbek
Published: October 2024

This article offers a narrative review of the scientific evidence on the health benefits of urban green spaces, as documented in journals indexed in Scopus within the last decade. The main objective of the study was to investigate the influence of urban green spaces on individuals, based on peer-reviewed scientific sources to better understand the role that nature plays in providing health benefits to human health and overall well-being. Our ultimate goal is to advance knowledge in this field and encourage further exploration in this area of research. The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the importance of safeguarding and conserving nature as a fundamental source of human health. It has also emphasized the significance of developing healthy and sustainable urban environments. Urban green spaces such as parks, alleys, and street trees play a pivotal role in shaping the urban landscape. Not only do they enhance the aesthetic appeal of the city, but they also have a profound impact on the well-being of its residents. Spending time in these green areas within the cityscape has been shown to reduce stress levels, enhance psychological well-being, promote physical activity, and lower the risk of cardiovascular and other diseases. We identified 1521 scientific articles published in the last decade focusing on the green zones of urban areas, urban ecology, and the process of urbanization. Then we selected and reviewed 26 articles that specifically addressed the impact of green zones on the health of city residents. Our findings reveal a significant increase in research pertaining to green spaces within urban environments over the past decade. Notably, studies published in peer-reviewed journals indexed in the Scopus database have originated from countries such as China, the USA, Germany, Great Britain, Australia, and Italy. Surprisingly, there were no studies from Central Asia on these topics within the Scopus database. By expanding research efforts to include Central Asian countries, we can further improve our understanding of the association between green spaces and public health within urban settings.
Study of nonequilibrium regenerative heat exchange in positive displacement compressors
Authors: Borisenko Artem V. , Zharov Anton A. , Valiakina Anna V.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND: An important task in the design of thermal engines is the evaluation of power losses in different processes to determine the installation efficiency. One of the processes that generates power losses in the compressor is the process of nonequilibrium regenerative heat exchange (NRHE) of the compressed gas with the working cavity walls. This heat exchange occurs at a significant temperature difference, which can lead to noticeable power losses. Modern compressor design methods do not consider losses from nonequilibrium regenerative heat exchange and do not describe them separately from other types of losses.
AIM: This study investigates the mechanism of losses during regenerative heat exchange between the gaseous working flow out and the working cavity walls and evaluates the scale of these losses.
METHODS AND RESULTS: This work provides a qualitative description of the mechanism for the formation of losses from NRHE. As a result of solving the problem of unsteady thermal conductivity, an analytical expression for calculating such losses is derived based on the Gouy-Stodola theorem.
CONCLUSIONS: The study revealed that power losses from NRHE account for a significant share in the overall balance of machine losses. Parameters influencing the magnitude of these losses were also determined, and recommendations were developed to reduce them.
Efficacy of balloon angioplasty and stent placement in the treatment of central venous stenosis in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis
Authors: Valderrama-Treviño Alan I. , Estrada Fernando G. Ramírez , Sierra-Juárez Miguel A. , Valenzuela Marlon E. Lacayo
Published: October 2024

Background: Central venous stenosis is a common complication in hemodialysis patients, often caused by multiple long-term catheter use. This retrospective observational study evaluated the efficacy of balloon angioplasty and stent placement in treating central venous stenosis secondary to hemodialysis catheter use.
Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted at the Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, analyzing clinical records of 16 chronic kidney disease patients diagnosed with central venous stenosis who underwent endovascular surgery between January 2022 and August 2024. The study evaluated demographic characteristics, comorbidities, stenosis location, and technical success. Statistical analysis included descriptive measures, Shapiro-Wilk test for normality, and paired Student's t-test (α=0.05) to compare pre- and post-angioplasty venous diameters.
Results: The mean age of patients was 44.6±13.5 years, with a slight female predominance. The most common stenosis location was the right subclavian vein (31.2%), followed by the left brachiocephalic trunk (25%). Pre-procedure stenotic vessel diameter averaged 3.86±1.5 mm, increasing to 9.19±2.03 mm post-procedure. Statistical analysis showed a significant 138% increase in vessel diameter (p<0.001). Of the 16 procedures, 11 patients underwent successful angioplasty, with 37.5% requiring stent placement due to recoil greater than 30%. In 5 cases, crossing the occlusive lesion was not possible.
Conclusions: The study demonstrated the effectiveness of balloon angioplasty and stent placement in treating central venous stenosis, with a statistically significant improvement in vascular diameter. However, further studies with long-term follow-up are needed to evaluate the durability of these results and optimize management of complex cases.
Comorbid diseases and severity in psoriasis patients at Khartoum Dermatology and Venereology hospital, August-December 2019
Authors: Mohamed Zainab M. R. , Omar Maisoon Mohammed
Published: October 2024

Background: Psoriasis is recognized as a multisystemic disease characterized by systemic inflammation. This study explores the association between psoriasis severity and co-morbid conditions, including hypertension, diabetes, psoriatic arthritis, nail psoriasis, and symptoms such as cough and dyspnea, along with psychological factors like social isolation and sleep disturbances. Objectives were to identify co-morbid diseases associated with different severity levels of psoriasis as measured by the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) scores at Khartoum dermatology and venereology teaching hospital (KDVTH) from August to December 2019.
Methods: This prospective, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study enrolled 150 psoriasis patients using a quantitative approach. The PASI score was used to assess disease severity.
Results: Among the 150 participants (58.6% male, 41.4% female), the distribution of psoriasis severity was 18.7% severe, 30.6% moderate, and 50.6% mild. Significant co-morbidities were observed in severe cases: hypertension (46.4%), diabetes (28.6%), psoriatic arthritis (39.2%), and nail psoriasis (32.2%). Notably, 25% of patients were on lipid-lowering medications. Social isolation and sleep disturbances were prevalent in 30% of moderate and 57% of severe cases.
Conclusions: Severe psoriasis is significantly associated with multiple co-morbidities, which can adversely affect patients' prognosis and quality of life. Addressing these associations may enhance management strategies for psoriasis patients.
Autism: A review
Authors: Chandak Chanchal S. , Gaikwad Kiran P. , Ambhore Jaya P. , Adhao Vaibhav S. , Thenge Raju R. , Popat Ritesh R. , Zanke Ashwini A.
Published: October 2024

Reduced eye contact, facial expressions, and body movements during the first three years of life are among the social behaviors and nonverbal interactions that define autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a collection of neurodevelopmental diseases. It is generally accepted that this condition is a multifactorial disorder resulting from the combination of both hereditary and non-genetic risk factors. It is not a single disorder. Studies on the genetics of ASD have found mutations that disrupt normal neurodevelopment from infancy through childhood. Axon mobility and synaptogenesis have been linked to these gene complexes. Advances in neuroimaging research have yielded numerous significant insights into the pathological alterations that take place in the brains of individuals with ASD while they are living their lives. Numerous neuropathological and neuroimaging studies have demonstrated the significance of the amygdala, a key component of the limbic system and the affective loop of the cortico-striatothalamo-cortical circuit, in cognition and ASD. The nucleus accumbens is seen as another important structure associated with the social reward response in ASD, in addition to the amygdala. While behavioral and educational interventions have traditionally been the cornerstones of ASD care, pharmaceutical and interventional therapies have also demonstrated some promise in ASD patients. Additionally, a small number of individuals have reportedly improved following deep brain stimulation, one of the interventional treatments.
A review of the pharmacological and bioactive compounds of syzygium cumini
Authors: Gaikwad Kiran P. , Chandak Chanchal S. , Ambhore Jaya P. , Narkhede Mahesh B. , Ashwini A
Published: October 2024

The field of herbal medicine has grown rapidly in the past several years, and due to their natural origins and lower side effects, these medications are becoming more and more well-liked in both developed and developing nations. The plant known as jamun, Syzygium cumini (also called Eugenia jambolana, Syzygium jambolana, Eugenia cumini, and Syzygium jambos), is a great source of bioactive substances such flavonoids, polyphenols, antioxidants, iron, and vitamin C. The Myrtaceae family includes the essential medicinal plant known as the jamun tree, which is a tropical evergreen blooming plant that has long been utilized in Indian and other traditional remedies around the world. The majority of jamun's cultivation occurs in Asian nations like Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, India, and Pakistan. It has been used to treat a wide range of illnesses and physiological disorders since the days of ancient medicine. In terms of medicine, the fruit is said to have properties that help with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, antidiarrheal, antiallergic, antiarthritic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antifertility, antipyretic, antiplaque, radioprotective, neuropsychopharmacological, and antiulcer, hepatoprotective, antiallergic, antiarthritic, antioxidant, and various metabolic problems. This review examines the various dietary applications as well as the nutritional, phytochemical, and medicinal possibilities.
Evaluation of anthelmintic activity of Lactuca Sativa leaf extract against Pheretima posthuma
Authors: Manke Mahesh B. , Suryavanshi Vinayaksing S. , Surwase Sujata S. , Tachale Vidya D. , Surwase Sachin J. , Tile Pravin S. , Giram Padmaja S.
Published: October 2024

The growing issue of anthelmintic resistance necessitates the exploration of alternative and natural treatments. Lactuca sativa (), commonly known as lettuce, is traditionally used for its medicinal properties, but its efficacy as an anthelmintic has not been extensively documented. This study aimed to assess the in vitro anthelmintic activity of leaf extract using Indian adult earthworms. Earthworms were divided into five groups and treated with hydroethanolic extract of leaf at concentrations of 10, 20, and 50 mg/mL, albendazole 10 mg/mL as a standard, and normal saline as a control. The anthelmintic activity was measured based on paralysis and death times. The results demonstrated that the anthelmintic activity of the extracts was concentration-dependent manner. The extract 50 mg/mL exhibited superior activity with a paralysis time of 28.16 minutes and a death time of 36.33 minutes, compared to albendazole, which had a paralysis time of 24.50 minutes and a death time of 31.66 minutes. The study concluded that the hydroethanolic extract of leaf (HELS) possesses significant anthelmintic activity against Indian adult earthworms.
A community based study to assess the reasons behind self-medication ofantibiotics among college students
Authors: Satish S  , Zaibunnisa  , Palaksha MN
Published: October 2024

Self-medication with antibiotics among college students is a growing concern due to its potential adverse effect and emergence of antibiotic resistance. This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence, reasons, and associated factors of self-medication with antibiotics among college students in Dakshin Kannada. Understanding the extent of self-medication practices and underlying motivations can inform targeted interventions to promote responsible antibiotic use and mitigate the risks associated with inappropriate antibiotic use.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among college students to assess self-medication practices with antibiotics. A structured questionnaire was administered to collect data on demographic characteristics, self-medication behaviour, reasons for self-medication, sources of antibiotics, knowledge and awareness of antibiotic use, and healthcare-seeking behaviour. The data were analysed.

Demographic analysis revealed a predominantly young population, with 67.4% of respondents admitting to practicing self-medication with antibiotics. Convenience, cost-saving, and previous successful experiences with antibiotics were identified as primary motivations for self-medication. Antibiotics were often obtained from leftoverprescriptions or through informal channels like friends or family members. Awareness of the risks associated with self-medication was relatively low, but a significant proportion of students sought professional medical advice afterward, particularly in cases of persistent or worsening symptoms.

The study highlights the widespread practice of self-medication with antibiotics among college students, driven by factors such as convenience and cost-saving. Efforts to improve education and awareness on self-medication of antibiotic are warranted to promote responsible antibiotic use and mitigate the emergence of antibiotic resistance.
An Experimental Investigation on Diesel Engine Performance by the Application of Dual Bio-Diesel Blends
Authors: Pawar Nitin Namdeo , Nanwala Hameshbabu , Rathod A. M.
Published: October 2024

This paper investigates the feasibility of the Biofuel and diesel used in a proportionate mixture as a Biodiesel as a replacement for Diesel fuel. Biodiesel has gained significant attention in the power world as an alternative to biodiesel blends prepared in this study is 50% Neem and 50% Pongamia pinnate. During the study, the blends used for testing were B5%, B10%, B15% and B20% with a varying load condition of 3kg to 20kg in a single-cylinder diesel engine at rpm of 1600 with a load of 19.01kg. A pyrolysis method is used for making Biodiesel. The viscosity values of the Biodiesel blend lie in the range of 3.89 to 8.756 Nm/s. The performance of biodiesel has been analysed in terms of break power, indicated power, break and indicated thermal efficiency, mechanical efficiency, torque, specific fuel consumption, and volumetric efficiency. The parametric value of the all curve shows the increasing behaviour from lower to higher value. Volumetric efficiency shows only decreasing behaviour concerning load. The result shows the B5% blend is better in break power by 13.43% than a diesel at a load of 19.01kg. And specific fuel consumption. The torque generated is more efficient in B20% blends. Break thermal efficiency is proportional to the load of the engine. Indicated Thermal efficiency is much higher than diesel of B5% Biodiesel. The maintenance of a fuel pump is required regularly due to more viscosity problems.