bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KOMPENSASI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA BIDANG KEBERSIHAN DAN PERTAMANAN
Authors: Ernawati Ernawati , Iskandar Abubakar , Pratidina Ginung
Published: April 2019

Sampah merupakan sisa-sisa pembuangan dari setiap sumber produksi maupun non produksi berupa organik dan anorganik.Volume sampah dari hari ke hari semakin meningkat disebabkan oleh bertambahnya jumlah penduduk, membaiknya roda perekonomian, dan berubahnya perilaku masyarakat dalam berkonsumsi. Oleh karena itu perlu diberikan kompensasi agar pegawai dapat meningkatkatkan kinerjanya. Penelitian dilakukan di Bidang Kebersihan dan Pertamanan Kota Bogor yang dilaksanakan sejak bulan Januari-April 2014.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui realisasi pemberian kompensasi, mengetahui peningkatan kinerja pegawai, dan menguji pengaruh pemberian kompensasi terhadap peningkatan kinerja. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Populasi sebanyak 184 orang dan sampel sebesar 65 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah observasi, angket dan dokumentasi, sedangkan data terdiri data primer dan data sekunder. Analisa data dalam penelitian ini adalah Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa koefisien korelasi -,216 yang artinya hubungan antara TPP dengan tanggungjawab sesuai kemampuan tidak signifikan.Koefisien korelasi -,007 yang artinya hubungan antara TPP dengan pekerjaan yang sesuai ketrampilan tidak signifikan.Selanjutnya untuk menguji perbedaan kiner pegawai digunakan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjjukan bahwa rata-rata kinerja yang ditunjukan pada ketrampilan menyelesaikan pekerjaan adalah 129,000. Oleh karena nilai thitung>ttabel maka Ho diterima, atau rata-rata ketrampilan yang dimiliki pegawai adalah sama.Rata-rata kinerja yang ditunjukan pada kemampuan menyelesaikan pekerjaan adalah 115,111. Oleh karena nilai thitung>ttabel maka Ho diterima, atau rata-rata kemampuan yang dimiliki pegawai sama.
EVALUASI INTEGRASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPS
Authors: Hartati Yumi
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran tingkat kesesuaian pelaksanaan, pembelajaran yang mengintegrasikan pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran IPS pada SDIT Al-Utsmaniyah Citeureup Kabupaten Bogor dengan standar proses pendidikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian evaluasi. Model evaluasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model stake dalam membandingkan kesesuaian antara pelaksanaan integrasi pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran IPS pada SDIT Al-Utsmaniyah Citeureup Kabupaten Bogor dengan standar proses pendidikan sebagai kriteria standar untuk menilai keberhasilan pelaksanaan integrasi pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran IPS. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah dokumentasi dan observasi. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah peserta didik SDIT Al-Utsmaniyah Citeureup Kabupaten Bogor yang telah mengintegrasikan pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran IPS. Subjek penelitian adalah guru IPS dan peserta didik yang diambil secara purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data dengan teknik statistik deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran realitas tentang pelaksanaan program pembelajaran IPS yang mengintegrasikan karakter di SDIT Al- Utsmaniyah Citeureup Kabupaten Bogor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesesuaian antara pelaksanaan program pembelajaran IPS pada SDIT Al-Utsmaniyah Citeureup Kabupaten Bogor dengan standar proses pendidikan adalah proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran menunjukkan skor rerata 2,62 sehingga berada pada kategori baik.
MANAJEMEN PEMBELAJARAN AKTIF BERBASIS KARAKTER
Authors: Febriantina Susan
Published: April 2019

This research is to get factual data about the planning, implementation, supervision, and some problems of character-based active learning management at independent curriculum 2013 junior high schools in Depok. This research uses descriptive method. The result showed that character-based active learning management consists of learning planning, implementation, and supervisions which derived from unique school values.
MENDORONG PARTISIPASI PESERTA PROGRAM PEMBERANTASAN BUTA AKSARA (PBA) DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DI DESA SUKASIRNA KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Wulandari Ratna Wahyu , Maryani Novi
Published: April 2019

Pemberantasan Buta Aksara (PBA) merupakan salah satu program untuk meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Melalui program ini peserta PBA diharapkan dapat memiliki kemampuan dasar membaca, menulis, dan berhitung yang cukup untuk menjalani kehidupan sehari-hari. Namun beberapa kendala membuat peserta PBA di Desa Sukasirna enggan untuk mengikuti program PBA, sehingga dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini untuk mengetahui upaya yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan partisipasi peserta PBA. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di daerah yang diidentifikasi memiliki tingkat masyarakat buta aksara yang tinggi salah satunya adalah Desa Sukasirna Kecamatan Jonggol, dan sasarannya adalah warga buta aksara yang tersebar di Desa Sukasirna yang terdiri dari 73 peserta. Metode pengabdian masyarakat yang digunakan adalah sosialisasi dan pengajaran masyarakat berupa kegiatan pembelajaran peningkatan kemampuan dasar membaca, menulis, dan berhitung. Dampak program pengabdian masyarakat ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kemampuan membaca, menulis, dan berhitung. Pencapaian tertinggi belajar membaca, menulis, dan berhitung ada pada peserta berusia 41-50 tahun, sedangkan pencapaian terendahnya ada pada peserta berusia di atas 60 tahun.
Geobotany at the XIV Delegate Congress of Russian Botanical Society and the conference “Botany in the Modern World” (Makhachkala, June 18–23, 2018)
Authors: Lysenko T. M. , Mirin D. M.
Published: April 2019

The XIV Congress of the Russian Botanical Society (RBO) and the conference «Botany in the Modern World» were held at 18–23 of June 2018 in Makhachkala (the Republic of Dagestan) on the bases of Dagestan Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences and Dagestan State University. Materials of the conference were published in 3 volumes by the beginning of meeting. Geobotanical publications are included in the second volume (Botany in the modern world …, 2018). The analysis of the materials shows that participants are represented 26 cities of Russia, 4 of Belarus and Kazakhstan and 1 of Australia. Research data are collected in 36 regions of Russia, 2 of Kazakhstan, as well as in Belarus, Azerbaijan and Egypt, in addition, 4 generalizing works are performed on large volumes of geobotanical relevés from all over Europe or Russia. The data on forests are analyzed in 18 reports, that ones on meadows formed the basis for 12 presented works, 9 communications are based on data of wetlands, 7 works are devoted to steppe vegetation, 5 — to tundra, 5 — to shrub communities, 4 — to vegetation of saline habitats, 4 — to pioneer plant groupings, 3 — to synanthropic vegetation, 2 communications are based on aquatic vegetation. Data of field experiment, shibliak, xeric open forests, deserts, friganoid and petrophytic vegetation are each the base of single report.
The message topics were very diverse. Regional characteristic of various groups of plant communities and/or their classification is reflected in 38 studies; 14 researches are devoted to environment-vegetation or environment-plant interactions; results of 13 reports are based on vegetation mapping or obtained for the purpose of studying the geography of plant communities and geobotanical mapping; 11 communications are devoted to dynamics of vegetation and structure of phytocenoses; the main emphasis of 10 researches is a study of species composition of plant communities; data of 9 works are collected on existing and proposed specially protected natural areas, these studies are related to the nature protection; in 8 reports special attention is paid to the development of geobotanical research methods and phytosociological terminology; in 5 works the structure of populations of plant species is analyzed.
The Congress that was held at a good scientific level reflected the current state of geobotanical science in Russia.
III International seminar “Mire vegetation: modern problems of classification, mapping, use and protection” (Minsk – Grodno, Belarus, September, 26–28, 2018)
Authors: Galanina O. V.
Published: April 2019

The third international seminar “Mire vegetation: modern problems of classification, mapping, use and protection” took place in September 26–28, 2018 in Belarus, Grodno Region. It was organized by B. F. Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany National Academy of Sciences of Belarus and Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno. Apart from two days of scientific sessions the participants went for half-day field trips visiting the landscape reserve “Ozery”. Two beautiful autumn mires: lake-side pine bog and river valley fen were appreciated by mire specialists from Lithuania, Russia and Belarus. The visit-center of the reserve offered the short lectures on nature, tourist attractions and prospective activities. On September 29 everyone was invited to joint an additional field trip and seminar held in Novy Dvor (Svisloch district) to support a preservation of Belovezhskaya Pushcha in Belarus. Local teachers and experts together with international mire researchers went to the Dikoe mire, the Ramsar site, were they had a training course in the field. All participants of the event were happy to be together, share the experiences and contribute to ecological education.
Effect of Pile and Load Inclination on the Pile Resistance In both Compression and Tension
Authors: Hussain Ahmad Jabber , Salman Alaa Dawood , Mohammad . Nazar Hassan
Published: April 2019

According to this theoretical study which was about loading of piles under different condition of loading (compression and up-lift forces ) and for deferent pile installation (vertical and inclined pile ) by which it called (positive batter pile ) when the inclination of the load and pile is in the same direction and called (negative batter pile) when the inclination of load is opposite to the pile inclination, and from studying these cases the results of analysis can be summarize in the flowing points:

1-Variation of load inclination on piles effects on the bearing capacity and uplift resistance. It was found that bearing capacity of the piles increase with increasing of load inclination up to the inclination angle (37.5ͦ) which represents the maximum bearing capacity and then the bearing capacity decrease with increasing of load inclination.

2- Variation of batter pile affects the bearing capacity of the pile and up-lift resistance. by which equivalent angle will be used as result between the load and piles inclination and this angle will be used in calculation of piles resistance .

3- It was noticed the shape of soil failure is highly affected by the inclination of pile.

The shape of failure for the soil which is in contact with pile and this include (vertical and batter piles) is highly affected by the angle of inclination.
Effect of Adding Polypropylene Fiber on The Behavior of Saline Soil under Washing and soaking
Authors: Imariq Saleem Mahmood
Published: April 2019

Saline soil is a soil rich with salt resulting from evaporation of irrigation water. This soil has good engineering properties when dry, but once is wetted it loses its entire structure (collapse) and undergoes very large instantaneous settlement. The soil is brought from Al-Dalmaj district. A square footing 50mm×50mm made of steel is used. The stress is applied from a fixed loading system designed especially for model tests.

In this study effect of adding Polypropylene fiber as percentage 1%,3% by weight on behavior of saline soil at the same loading level was investigated and shows improving in results in collapsibility of soil by percent 62% in percent adding 1%.
Experimental Investigation on The Ferrocement Slabs With A Sifcon Matrix
Authors: Jaafer Abdulkhaliq Abdulyimah
Published: April 2019

The present study conducts to investigate the effect of Slurry Infiltration Fiber Concrete (SIFCON) matrix on flexural response of Ferro cement slabs. For this purpose a total of 14 Ferro cement slabs with SIFCON of size (500*120*25 mm) are cast and tested.  The major variables studied in this investigation include the number of mesh layers and various volume ratio of discrete steel fiber (2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10%). Structural performance parameters used for comparisons are load–deflection curves, ultimate load and corresponding deflection at failure, energy absorption and failure mode and crack pattern. The inclusion of SIFCON in the Ferro cement slabs can significantly improve its flexural strength and energy absorption may be concluded. Furthermore, reduction in crack width with a large number of cracks is observed in specimens contain SIFCON compared to control specimens.
The Assessment of the Quality of Water Treatment Plants Effluent of Basrah City for Irrigation
Authors: Hamdan Ahmed Naseh Ahmed
Published: April 2019

The study included the assessment of the quality of the effluent of water treatment plants for irrigation uses. Eleven water treatment plants were selected in Basrah city center and surrounding areas which are Al-bradaiah1, Al-bradaiah2, Al-Ribat, R-Zero, Garmma1, Garmma2, Al Maqil, Al Jubila, Shatt Al_Arab, Al Hartha, and Al Basrah unified. One sample monthly were taken from these stations' effluent during January to December 2013, and the water samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), alkalinity, calcium (Ca++), magnesium (Mg++), chloride (Cl-), sulphate (SO4), total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium (Na+), potassium (K), bicarbonate(HCO3), and carbonate (CO3-2). Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) were calculated by using standard equations, but EC and SAR were plotted on Richard diagram it is illustrated that water samples of R- Zero and Al- Maqil  located in the class of C3-S1 representing high salinity with low sodium, which can be used for irrigation to all soil types with a minimum risk of exchangeable sodium, water samples of Al- Bradaiah1, Al- Bradaiah2, Garmma1 , Garmma2, Al Jubaila and Shatt Al-Arab located in the class of C4-S2, of very high salinity and medium sodium which is considered poor. Al- Basrah unified, Al Hartha and Al Ribat located in the class of C3-S2, of high salinity and medium sodium, which is considered as Marginal. The results of the study revealed that R- Zero, Al Maqil has a good water quality for irrigation and the rest need a more interesting in treatment, or reduce the rate of mixing with Shatt Al–Arab River.
Numerical investigation of Heat Transfer Enhancement in Circular Tube using Twisted Tape Inserts and Nanotechnology
Authors: Jassim Najim Abid , Abdul Hussin Kamel , Abdul Abbass Noor Yahya
Published: April 2019

In the present work the analysis of three different width ratio of twisted tape in a shell and tube heat exchanger done by ANSYS FLUINT14.0. Heat exchanger type shell and tube have been widely used in industrial application such as refrigeration and environment protection, electrical power generation and chemical engineering. This work deals with the theoretical investigation, which was to evaluate the benefit of changing the width of twisted tape in the heat exchanger and the improving the heat transfer by using water as the working fluid in the first case, then using Nano fluids as a heat transfer working fluid. From the use of the condition in table (1) the simulation shows results of enhancement in heat transfer rate ranging from (53.24% to 55.55%) at width ratio 0.71, (53.62% to 56.09%) at width ratio 0.854 and (52.44% to 57.17%) at width ratio 1, for plain tube with twisted tape with respect to plain tube without twisted tape by using water as cooling fluid. By using Nano- fluid (AL2O3) the enhancement in heat transfer is (69.14% to 60.44%) at width ratio 0.71, (58.36% to 61.51%) at width ratio 0.854 and (56.76% to 63.35%) at width ratio1, for plain tube with twisted tape with respect to plain tube without twisted tape.
Statistical Evaluation for claims and disputes in construction contracts
Authors: Abd Ali Raid Saleem , Yassin Nooran kanaan
Published: April 2019

This research aims to diagnose and identify the causes of claims and disputes between the contractor and the employer, also review the methods used to resolve disputes in construction contracts. In order to achieve the goal of the research, scientific methodology is followed to collect information and data on the subject of claims and disputes in construction projects in Iraq through personal interviews and questionnaire form. The most important results in this research are: the price schedule contract as a kind of competitive contracts is the most important and guarantee for the completion of minimum level of claims and disputes with relative importance of (84.1), compared with the (cost plus a percentage of the cost contract) as a kind of negotiating contracts is the most relative importance of (79.6), and the turnkey contract as a kind of special contracts is the most relative importance of (74.2). The  contractor and  his agents are one of the most influence sources in occurring claims and disputes in construction contracts with relative importance of (77.4) followed by the contract documents with relative importance of (74.2) and then the employer with relative importance of (73.2). In addition to the long period of litigation and the multiplicity of veto grades are most negative when contractual disputes have resolved by it, and with relative importance of (86), followed by the large number of issues and lack of efficiency and specialty of Judges with relative importance (78.4). Finally, the direct negotiation method (relative importance of 77) is one of the most friendly settlement ways favored by conflicted parties, while the resolution of disputes and claims board (relative importance of 10) occupied the last rank in the friendly settlement ways.
Evaluation of parameters affecting the rice husks performance on cyanide ion removal from wastewater
Authors: Al-Ubaidy Mohammed Ibrahem Basheer
Published: April 2019

This research is designed to investigate the Rice husk (RH) adsorption capability on cyanide ion (CN -) removal from wastewater. Several operating parameters were investigated in order to obtain the optimal removal efficiency using such agricultural by product media. The operation parameters were pH, initial concentration of the cyanide ion (Ci), adsorbent media height (Hm), Process time (tp), and Temperature (T) of the wastewater. The results showed that the removal efficiency could reach 97 % at the optimum operating conditons. Removal efficiency increased with increasing of adsorbent media height, increasing of pH also shows increasing in removal efficiency till pH 7 and then decreased slowly. Increasing temperature has a good effect on enhancing removal efficiency but such effect weakens when temperature exceeds 40oC. For process time the removal efficiency shows steep increasing rate till 40 min and then the rate slowed down. Removal efficiency decreased rapidly with increasing of initial concentration (Ci ≤ 20 mg/l), then it shows slower decreasing rate.
Comparison of Flow over Broad Crested Weir in Laboratory and by a Numerical Method
Authors: Hawal Laith Hamdan , Nahi Thameen Nazar
Published: April 2019

The main purpose of this study is to test the ability of competition fluid dynamic (CFD) model which (FLUENT) program to simulate the flow over broad crested weir with lower cost and lesser time. This purpose is done by operating an experimental model in the laboratory and then validating this model in the GAMBIT program and FLUENT (ANSYS R 15.0), by comparing the results. The FLUENT can solve Navier- Stokes equations of the flow numerically, the volume of fluid method (VOF) and Standard k– ε turbulence equation is depended to simulate water level. Generally, it can be established that the experimental results of flow have a good agreement with the numerical results. The percentage of error (RE %) between numerical and experimental discharge is 2.94%, while the maximum RE % for water level is 6.25%. The numerical results of flow over broad crested weir showed in counter and vector results, and the streamlines of flow was clear than that of the experimental model. Finally, the FLUENT proved that can it be relied upon in future by designing weirs without needing to work experimentally.
Experimental investigation of Brackish Water Desalination using a Semi Spherical Solar Still
Authors: Al-Hamadani Ali A. F. , Al-Azawyb Mohammed G. , Al Dulfi Mohammed Hameed Ghareeb
Published: April 2019

The intensity of radiation reaches 930 W/m2 during April, 2016 in Kut city. Thus this city is suitable to use application of solar energy such as solar still. An experimental study was performed to evaluate the production of Semi Spherical Solar Still (SS-SS) with and without Charcoal. It was measured in the climatic conditions of Kut, Wasit (32o N latitude), Iraq. The still consists of square basin of length 0.3 m and area 0.09 m2 made of Aluminum. The square absorber basin is painted with black paint for maximum absorption of incident solar radiation. It was found that the productivity of Semi spherical solar still without charcoal is better than the using of charcoal at depth of basin water (dbw=1.5 & 2cm). The productivity of SS-SS without charcoal was 2.7 lit/m2 for 6 hours at total irradiation 5935 W/m2. Whereas 2.5 lit/m2 for SS-SS with charcoal at total irradiation 5845 W/m2 for dbw=1.5cm. In addition, the instantaneous efficiency reaches 58% without charcoal and 70% with charcoal at dbw=1.5cm at 3:00PM. The salinity of water before desalination in SS-SS was 999.54 ppm and becomes 4.06 ppm after desalination. It could be concluded that the semi spherical solar still can be used for distilled water production
اتجاهات جمهور مدينة الكوت ازاء متطوعي الحشد الشعبي
Authors: التميمي خلف كريم
Published: April 2019

يعد الحشد الشعبي جزءا مهما من النسيج الاجتماعي العراقي ومكوناً رئيساً من مكونات البنية التنظيمية الاجتماعية، اذ حظى الحشد الشعبي باهتمام كبير على المستوى المحلي والإقليمي والدولي اعترافاً بدوره الامني والعسكري الذي مارسه على ارض الواقع في مجال تحرير الاراضي المغتصبة من داعش الارهابي.
The Role of Visuals in Language Learning and Instructions
Authors: Abbood Husam Ahmed
Published: April 2019

A single image can stand for complex idea. We might spend an hour reading an article about the divorce effect on children and destruction of the family. But a photograph of a child crying between two hands of his parents evokes in us an instant emotional response. While both the articles and the photographs communicate the magnitude of the damage that divorce can cause, the power of an image allows us to understand this message within nanoseconds. The study is focused on the ability of image in eliciting language across all the four skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing in the instructional strategies which may definitely enhance students’ critical thinking skills. Besides, this research offers one strategy which is adapted from an online lesson at the National Archives and Records Administration NARA for integrating visual literacy into language instruction. thereby transforming a language lesson into one that meets the goals of the content classroom as well.
التقيد بالنص القرآني عند روبين والترجمة الى العبرية بلغة مبسطة
Authors: جاسم عباس مطلب , حمادي براء خلف
Published: April 2019

من خلال قراءتنا للنص القرآني على يد روبين توضحت امامنا الكثير من الحقائق واستطعنا ان نجدها حصراً .

1 – ان النص القرآني كما هو معروف هو صورة بلاغية تحتوي على العديد من الدلالات التي يصعب على المترجم نقلها بالتفصيل ما لم يكن هو من اصل الحضارة .

2 – لقد اتسمت الترجمة على العموم بأنها ترجمة مضمونية وان الكثير من الآيات الكريمة لم تترجم بشكل دقيق سوى ان فيها التبسيط وهذا يعني انها ترجمة بتصرف ، ويمكن العودة الى الامثلة المشار اليها في المتن .

3 – في عدة آيات يحاول المترجم اختزال النص في محاولة منه الى التبسيط أو التقيد بالنص القرآني ليتخذ من بين ذلك سبيل للخروج بالترجمة بشكل واضح وبسيط أمام القاريء اليهودي مما افقده الامانة العلمية .

4 – تلبية احتياجات المتلقي اليهودي ترجمة روبين للقرآن الكريم بالعبرية المبسطة مع مراعاة البعد البلاغي للقرآن وهذا لا يتوافق مع قداسة النص القرآني حيث اراد ان يثبت للقاريء اليهودي ان اللغة العبرية قادرة على استيعاب معاني القرآن الكريم وهي لغة ليست فقيرة بالمفردات.

5 – ان التقديم والتأخير في الترجمات الادبية يمكن ان يحصل لكن في ترجمة القرآن لا يمكن واذا حدث لا يمكن فهم النص بصورة صحيحة عند تطبيق هذا الاسلوب .

6 – في محاولة فاشلة لروبين بتشكيل ترجمة القرآن الكريم من اجل التبسيط أمام اليهود وهذا ما يحدث مع اليهود عندما يقومون بتشكيل النص التوراتي مع بقية اسفار العهد القديم المتداول بينهم الآن وما حدث ايضاً في ترجمة الانجيل الى العبرية .

7 – رغم الجهد الكبير الذي بذله روبين في ترجمة القرآن الكريم استنتج الباحثون حقيقة ان المستشرقين اليهود مازالوا حتى الآن بحاجة ماسة الى مراجعة انفسهم وتقبل الحوار الموضوعي مع الآخرين .
الولايات المتحدة الامريكية ونظام تعليم السكان الاصليين (1776-1892)
Authors: ظاهر عباس فرحان , مطرود علي خيري
Published: April 2019

شكلت البنية المجتمعية للشعب الامريكي عاملاً مهماً جداً، اسهم بصورة رئيسة في رسم تاريخ ومستقبل الولايات المتحدة الامريكية، فالعديد من الاحداث التي شهدتها البلاد كانت البنية الاجتماعية وتركيبة السكان اما سبباً فيها او هدفاً لها، لذلك فان الاطر العامة التي تحركت فيها تلك البنية كانت مقصداً للدراسة والبحث من قبل الكثيرين للتعرف على العوامل التي اسهمت بصياغتها في شكلها الحالي، ومن دون شك فان "التعليم" شكل احد اهم العوامل التي اسهمت في بناء ذلك المجتمع، لاسيما وان التعليم في الولايات المتحدة امتاز بخصوصية فريدة على مستوى النظام الغربي، والاشارة هنا لوجود اكثر من عرق وجنس في المجتمع الامريكي، وعلى قدر تعلق الامر بموضوع البحث فأننا سنقصر الحديث على احد أهم مكونات المجتمع الامريكي في المدة التي شملها البحث وهم الهنود الحمر" السكان الاصليين"، الذين أدوا دوراً كبيراً في بناء المسارات التاريخية التي رسمت تاريخ البلاد الحديث، فالصدام بينهم وبين القادمون الجدد الذين وفدوا القارة عام 1492، شكل مرحلة انسانية وثقافية مهمة جداً تركت اثرها لا على التاريخ الامريكي فحسب، بل على سائر التاريخ العالمي الانساني.
tugas 2 audit sistem informasi
Authors: Kawuri Ratna
Published: April 2019

audit operasional atas fungsi produksi perusahaan studi kasus PT .Jaya Brix Indonesia
Tugas 1 Matakuliah Manajemen Sains - Pengenalan Manajemen Sains
Authors: Aryatama Apriyan
Published: April 2019

Tugas 1 Matakuliah Manajemen Sains - Pengenalan Manajemen Sains. Seni dalam menyelesaikan pekerjaan melalui orang lain. Artinya bahwa para manajer dalam mencapai tujuan dengan menggunakan orang lain dan dalam penerapannya memerlukan seni sehingga pada setiap orang pasti berbeda meskipun menangani hal yang sama, karena seni setiap orang berbeda. Manajemen adalah proses perencanaan, pengorganisasian pengarahan dan pengawasan usaha-usaha para anggota organisasi dan penggunaan sumberdaya organisasi lainnya agar dapat dapat digunakan mencapai tujuan organisasi yang telah ditetapkan
PESONA GOA SELARONG DI BANTUL YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Hikmah Nurul
Published: April 2019

Selarong Cave is a tourism object located in Bantul, Yogyakarta. precisely in Kembang Putihan, Guwosari, Pajangan, Bantul.This tourism object is about 3 km from Bantul City. Selarong Cave itself is the headquarters of Prince Diponegoro during the war against the invaders. there are 2 smaller cave on the complex. namely putri cave and kakung cave. located in nature mountainous area is still beautiful. From in front of the cave, visitor can enjoy a nice landscape from tower shelter to see waterfall. The waterfall is also beautiful.
SISTEM INFORMASI PARIWISATA SEBAGAI MEDIA PROMOSI PADA DINAS KEBUDAYAAN DAN PARIWISATA KOTA TIDORE KEPULAUAN
Authors: Indonesian Journal On Information System IJIS -
Published: April 2019

Untuk mengetahui potensi wisata diperlukan system computer untuk membangun dan merancang sebuah system informasi pariwisata yang terintergrasi kedalam sebuah database berbasis web programming. Penelitian dilakukan pada Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Kota Tidore Kepulauan, Metode yang digunakan dalam penelititan ini adalah menggunakan metode waterfall yang merupakan bagian dari SDLC (siklus hidup system) yang memiliki beberapa tahapan dalam pembangunan system, Teknik dalam pengumpulan data yaitu dengan cara studi pustaka dan literature, metode studi pustaka digunakan untuk pencarian dan pengumpulan data, software recruitment yang digunakan seperti, macromedia dreamwaver, PHP MySQL, Local Server serta hardware yang kompatibel dalam menunjang pembuatan sistem informasi promosi pariwisata. Hasil yang diharapkan adalah dengan adanya system informasi pariwisata ini dapat membantu promosi dan pengenalan tentang pariwisata di Kota Tidore Kepulauan, referensi belajar untuk pelajar dan mahasiswa serta pusat data bagi instansi yang terkait dengan pariwisata.Kesimpulannya adalah dengan adanya sistem informasi pariwisata berbasis web ini dapat membuka akses dan jaringan didaerah agar lebih dikenal secara nasional maupun internasional.
SISTEM INFORMASI PENGELOLAAN UANG KOMITE MENGGUNAKAN BORLAND DELPHI 7 PADA SMA NEGERI 5 KOTA TERNATE
Authors: Indonesian Journal On Information System IJIS -
Published: April 2019

Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan akuntabilitas, pengendalian internal dan keamanan pengelolaan uang komite dengan mengurangi subyektifitas personal yang melaksanakan pencatatan dan membatasi kesalaan pencatatan. Untuk dapat mengurangi subyektifitas personal dalam pencatatan dan membatasi kesalahan pencatatan dapat dilakukan dengan sistem pencatatan yang terkomputerisasi, SMA Negeri 5 Kota Ternate merupakan salah satu Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) yang ada di Maluku Utara khususnya di Kota Ternate, dalam proses pengelolaan uang komite masih manual dan belum terkomputerisasi dimana proses pencatatan pengelolaan uang komite yang dicatat pada buku, buku merupakan media yang mudah rusak sehingga data yang ditulis pada buku tersebut bisa hilang dan terhapus, sehingga di anggap kurang efektif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada SMA Negeri 5 Kota Ternate, Sistem ini diharapkan dapat mempermudah pegawai untuk melakukan pengelolaan uang komite siswa secara terkomputerisasi serta meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan pada Siswa di SMA Negeri 5 Kota Ternate
SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN PERSEDIAAN OBAT PADA APOTIK KIMIA FARMA KOTA TERNATE
Authors: Indonesian Journal On Information System IJIS -
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sistem informasi Manajemen Persediaan obat pada Apotik kimia farma kota Ternate. Analisis sistem menggunakan Driven Model, dengan pendekatan terstruktur. Sedangkan pengembangan system mengacu pada model Waterfall. Hasil perancangan dan pengujian sistem dapat mempermudah dan mempercepat proses kerja Admin dan User dalam mengelola data obat dan transaksi obat pada Apotik Kimia Farma, Selain itu, mempermudah pemilik untuk melihat laporan secara cepat pada sistem dimana saja melalui jaringan internet. Serta meningkatkan kinerja karyawan dalam proses pembuatan laporan transaksi dan data stok obat
SISTEM INFORMASI PENGELOLAAN UANG PEMBANGUNAN PADA JEMAAT GMIH ELIEM BALISOAN MENGGUNAKAN BORLAND DELPHI
Authors: Indonesian Journal On Information System IJIS -
Published: April 2019

Jemaat GMIH Elim Balisoan adalah salah satu dari sekian banyak Gereja yang terdaftar sebagai anggota dari Persekutuan Gereja-Gereja Indonesia (PGI). Dalam hal pencatatan transaksi pembayaran uang pembangunan panitia Jemaat Elim Balisoan masih mendaptkan kesulitan yang kerap kali menimbulkan kesalahan, baik itu kesalahan pencatatan transaksi ataupun kesalahan dalam menjumlahkan uang pembangunan . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat sistem informasi pengelolaan uang pembangunan. Metode analisis dan pengembangan sistem yang digunakan adalah analisis terstruktur yang meliputi flowchart, Diagram konteks, DFD, ERD sedangkan pengembangannya menggunakan metode Waterfall. Sistem ini dirancang menggunakan bahasa pemograman Borland Delphi dan menggunakan database Microsoft Acess. Dengan adanya sistem ini, diharapkan mampu menjawab kebutuhan panitia pembanguan dalam melakukan proses pengelolaan uang pembangunan yang meliputi transaksi pembayaran dan pengeluaran, serta bisa meminimalisir kesalahan-kesalahan pencatatan transaksi keuangan pada Jemaat GMIH Elim Balisoan.
Two corrections to recent censuses of the Gutenberg 42-line bible
Authors: Rangel Luz M. , Alabert Aureli
Published: April 2019

This work has been published in The Journal of the Printing Historical Society, in improved and expanded form, under the title "The increase in the print-run of the 42-line Bible, with two corrections to recent censuses", JPHS, Third Series, Volume 3, pages 101-113. The version hosted in OSF Preprints is obsolete.
DIAGNOSA PENYAKIT AIDS, MERS VIRUS DAN EBOLA BERBASIS WEB DI PUSKESMAS SIKO TERNATE
Authors: Indonesian Journal On Information System IJIS -
Published: April 2019

Puskesmas Siko ternate merupakan salah satu pusat layanan kesehatan untuk masyarakat yang berada disekitar daerah tersebut, dalam menyediakan informasi gejala-gejala penyakit masih konvensional serta pelayanan pemeriksaan penyakit Aids, Mers dan Ebola masih belum efektif jika masyarakat yang ingin mengetahui informasi lebih jelas harus datang untuk bertanya informasi gejala ke puskesmas tersebut dan ingin melakukan pemeriksaan jika dokter yang berhalangan hadir maka kegiatan tersebut dapat terhambat, sehingga dianggap kurang efisien dan memerlukan satu sistem yang memilki kepakaran yang dapat menunjang kegiatan tersebut, Penelitian ini dilakukan di puskesmas siko ternate, bertujuan merancang sistem pakar yang dapat mendiagnosa penyakit Aids, Mers dan Ebola berbasis Web, Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara serta metode inferensi forward chaining, Model Pengembangan Sistem menggunkan model Waterfall dengan pendekatan desain sistem diagram flow data (DFD), Bahasa Pemrograman yang digunakan HTML, PHP, dan MySQl sebagai databasenya. Dengan adanya sistem ini diharapkan petugas dapat menyediakan informasi pada sistem yang efisien dan mempermudah petugas dalam melakukan diagnosa mengenai penyakit Aids, Mers dan Ebola di Puskesmasi Siko Ternate
Fingerprinting of Quartzitic Outcrops at Oldupai Gorge, Tanzania
Authors: Soto Maria , Favreau Julien , Campeau Kathryn , Carter Tristan , Abtosway Matthew , Bushozi Pastory M. , Clarke Siobhan , Durkin Paul R. , Hubbard Stephen , Inwood Jamie , Itambu Makarius , Koromo Samson , Larter Fergus , Lee Patrick , Mwambwiga Aloyce , Nair Rajeev , Oleislau Lucas , Patalano Robert , Tucker Laura , Mercader Julio
Published: April 2019

The African Early Stone Age record, including that of Oldupai Gorge, reveals widespread evidence for hominin exploitation of quartzose lithic raw materials such as quartzite. However, few studies have sought to characterize these rock types grounded on the assumption that they are not amenable for provenance studies. Through the use of macroscopic, petrographic, and EDXRF analysis, we characterize source material from five quartzitic outcrops belonging to the Mozambique Belt adjacent to Oldupai Gorge. Our results show that certain macroscopic varieties strictly occur at some outcrops while petrographic analyses reveal that accessory minerals may be outcrop-specific pending a greater sample size. Statistical interrogation of the geochemical data through linear correlations, ANOVA tests, and PCA, show that there are inter- and intra-outcrop differences, and elemental concentrations characteristic of certain outcrops. This multi-scalar approach provides a reproducible classificatory framework for future characterization studies and archaeological testing at Oldupai Gorge to shed light on hominin paleoenvironmental exploitation and paleoecological behavior.
PERANCANGAN APLIKASI GAME EDUKASI UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA TERNATE PADA ANAK-ANAK
Authors: Indonesian Journal On Information System IJIS -
Published: April 2019

Bahasa adalah alat untuk berinteraksi atau alat untuk berkomunikasi, sedangkan pada bahasa daerah ialah suatu penuturan yang dipergunakan untuk berinteraksi antar daerah tertentu saja,. Seiring dengan berjalanannya waktu bahasa daerah Ternate perlahan bisa tersingkir. Untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut maka dibuatlah game edukasi ini untuk pembelajaran bahasa ternate pada anak-anak. Pembuatan game ini menggunakan metode prototyping, tahapan metodenya dimulai dari perencanaan, analisa, desain, implementasi dan pengujian. Pembuatan game ini menggunakan aplikasi macromedia flash 8, didukung oleh photoshop CS3 untuk pembuatan latar hingga button dan kemudian di ekspor ke macromedia flash 8 untuk menyempurnakan game tersebut. Pembuatan game disesuaikan dengan kriterian dan umur si pengguna, game ini memiiliki tampilan yang userfriendly serta pilihan tingkat kesulitan yang berbeda-beda yaitu level mudah, sedang dan sulit serta mempunyai materi pembelajaran yang dilengkapi dengan suara. Pengujian menggunakan black box yang diawali dari halaman awal hingga pengujian skor, disetiap form terdapat button yang bila diklik akan menuju ke tampilan selanjutnya, Pengujian juga dilakukan dengan menguji langsung pada anak-anak dengan kisaran usia rata-rata 10 tahun, hasil yang di dapat dari pengujian tersebut yaitu kebanyakkan dari mereka berhasil menyelesaikan soal dari waktu yang ditentukkan, itu terbukti dari skor permainan yang didapat yakni diatas 70 yang artinya game ini dapat membantu anak-anak dalam mempelajari bahasa daerah Ternate.
JARINGAN KOMPUTER
Authors: Winariyani
Published: April 2019

Remotecontroltelahbanyakdikembangkandenganmemanfaatkanberbagaimedia transmisi.Diantaranya adalah remote controldenganmemanfaatkanmediainframerah,gelombangradio,internetdansalurantelepon.Sistem remotecontrolmelaluisaluranteleponmemilikikeunggulandalam haljarakjangkauandankepraktisandibandingmedialainnya.Hadirnyahandphoneyangtelahdikenaldandigunakanbanyakorang,yang mampu melakukan komunikasidimanapun mereka berada tanpadibatasiolehruangdanrentangpanjangkabelbisamenjadisolusibagikebutuhanpengendalianjarakjauh..Salahsatufungsihandphoneyangpalingpopulerialahuntukmengirim danmenerimaSMS.SMSinisangatcocokdigunakanuntuksistem pengontrolwirelessrealtime.
A Simple Essay of Natural Science Curricula in Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi , Sari Dewi Ratna
Published: April 2019

The goal of this work is to describe natural science curricula in Indonesia based on curriculum changed since 1947.
A review on recent advances and potential pharmacological activities of versatile chalchone molecule
Authors: Int Chem
Published: April 2019

Chalchone is an aromatic ketone and precursors of open chain flavonoids and isoflavonoids present in edible plants and their derivatives have attracted attention due to many potential pharmacological activities. Chalchone are also known as benzalacetophenone and phenyl styryl ketone. Modifications in their structure have offered diverse pharmacological activities that have proven useful for the development of new medicinal agents having improved potency and lesser toxicity. They are also the intermediates in the Auwer's synthesis of flavanoids and in the biosynthesis of flavanoids. Chalchone can be synthesized by various method but the two main methods are Aldol condensation method and Claisen Schmidt method. This review provides an overview of the pharmacological activities of natural and synthetic chalchone derivatives.
Conformational analysis of diamide system HCO-L-Phenylalanine-NH2 by genetic algorithm
Authors: Int Chem
Published: April 2019

Present work reports a detailed conformational and energy study of diamide system HCO-L-Phenylalanine-NH2 using genetic algorithm based on multi-Niche crowding technique (MNC) coupled with semi-empirical method AM1. Analysis showed the existence of 28 conformations covering 6 folds among 9 predicted with multi-dimensional conformational analysis MDCA. The relative stabilities are discussed in terms of hydrogen bonding established within the main chains, and various other types of electrostatic interactions between the main chain and the side one.
Eco-friendly and fast bromination of industrially-important aromatic compounds in water using recyclable AlBr3-Br2 system
Authors: Int Chem
Published: April 2019

A fast, efficient, simple, eco-friendly, regioselective, controllable and economical method for the bromination of aromatic compounds using AlBr3-Br2 system was invetigated. The direct bromination of anilines and phenols with molecular bromine in solution frequently results in polybromination, and when brominated in the existence of oxidants, they also get oxidized rather than experiencing substitutions and in some cases, require fortification of the amino (-NH2) group.
Equilibrium sorption of divalent metal ions onto groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) shell: kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamics
Authors: Int Chem
Published: April 2019

The equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics of the biosorption of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) onto groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) shell were investigated under various physicochemical parameters. Optimisation studies were carried out using batch biosorption studies. The extent of the metal ion biosorption increased with increase in solution pH, initial metal ion concentration, dosage of biosorbent and contact time but decreased with the temperature of the system. The biosorption of each of the metal ions was found to be pH-dependent. Kinetic study showed that the metal ions biosorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The sorption of each metal ion was analysed with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, in each case, the equilibrium data were better represented by Freundlich isotherm model. Thermodynamically, parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (ΔG˚), standard enthalpy (ΔH˚), standard entropy (ΔS˚) and the activation energy (A) were calculated. The biosorption of each metal ion was spontaneous and the order of spontaneity of the biosorption process being Cd(II) > Zn(II) > Pb(II). Similarly, change in entropy was observed for each and the order of disorder is Cd(II) > Zn(II) > Pb(II).
Photo-degradation of monoazo dye blue 13 using advanced oxidation process
Authors: Int Chem
Published: April 2019

The high energy radiation overcome the bonding of solute in a solution and H2O2 acts as an oxidizing agent and generates a free radical in the solution which results in photo-degradation by converting the solute in to simple form and resultantly, colored substance under the effect of photo-degradation becomes colorless. The photo-degradation of monoazo dye Blue 13 in an aqueous solution was investigated using a laboratory scale UV lamp in the presence of H2O2 and for maximum degradation of dye, the independent parameter UV power, UV exposure time, pH and H2O2 concentration were optimized. It was found that neither UV in the presence of H2O2 is able to degrade Blue 13 under optimum condition. The results revealed that the use of both UV and H2O2 have pronounced effect on the discoloration of dyes which could be used for management of textile effluents contain waste dyes.
Cytotoxicity reduction of wastewater treated by advanced oxidation process
Authors: Int Chem
Published: April 2019

The degradation of printing dyes from textile printing industry effluents was carried out by Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) in which heterogeneous photocatalytic treatment of textile printing wastewater using UV/H2O2/TiO2 system was studied. For the treatment of textile effluents different concentration of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and effect of application time of UV radiation was investigated. The degradation of treated wastewater was estimated spectrophotometrically. To check the extent of mineralization and decolorization after treatment water quality parameter such as percentage degradation, COD, BOD, TOC, pH, DO and toxicity were studied. Before treatment the values of water quality parameters were as; COD (1950 mg/L), BOD (963 mg/L), TOC (3410 mg/L), pH (9.6) and DO (1.77 mg/L). After application of UV/H2O2/TiO2 degradation was observed to be 72% and reduction in COD, BOD, TOC were 58%, 57%, 48%, and increase in DO level was up to 49% respectively. For the evaluation of the toxicity of photocatalyticaly treated wastewater, Allium cepa and brine shrimp test were also carried out before and after treatment of printing wastewater.
A greener and sustainable approach for converting polyurethane foam rejects into superior polyurethane coatings
Authors: Int Chem
Published: April 2019

Recycling is a crucial area of research in green polymer chemistry. Various developments in recycling are driven by Environmental concerns, interest in sustainability and desire to decrease the dependence on non-renewable petroleum based materials. Polyurethane foams [PUF] are widely used due to their light weight and superior heat insulation as well as good mechanical properties. As per survey carried Polyurethane Foam Association, 12 metric tonnes of polyurethane foam are discharged during manufacturing and/or processing and hence recycling of PUF is necessary for better economics and ecological reasons. In present study, rejects of PUF is subjected to reaction with a diethylene amine in presence of sodium hydroxide [NaOH] as catalyst, as a result depolymerised product containing hydroxyl and amine groups is obtained. Conventional and Microwave reaction for depolymerizing polyurethane foam have been carried, and best results are obtained by Microwave reaction. Further depolymerised product with hydroxyl and amine functionalities are reacted with bis (2-hydroxyethyl terephthalate) [BHET] obtained by recycling polyethylene terephthalate [PET] and sebacic acid, with stannous oxalate [FASCAT 2100 series] as catalyst to obtain Polyester amides. These Polyester amides having hydroxyl and amino groups in excess are cured with isocyanates-hexamethylene diisocyanate biuret [HDI biuret] and isophorone diisocyanate [IPDI] for coating applications. The coated films are characterized using physical, mechanical and chemical tests, which shows comparable physical, mechanical properties but alkali resistance is poor.
Chemistry and antioxidant activity of plants containing some phenolic compounds
Authors: Int Chem
Published: April 2019

Natural antioxidants inhibit the adverse effects of the reactive oxygen species produced in living things and enable to survive. Depending on this principle, humans started using some plant products to cure from various diseases. Natural products have proved of great health impact on human traditionally and scientifically. Moreover, the research has so far done in the field of natural antioxidants. Therefore, antioxidants have been traditionally used as well as experimentally proved beneficial. The antioxidant components of the natural products constitute the major source of human health promotion and maintenance. The nature is still the perfect source for health promotion and for the supplementation of safe drugs. Great attention is mandatory to explore many underestimated plants with highly effective antioxidant activity. Few classes of natural products have received as much attention as phenolics and polyphenols.
Anti-tubercular activity of some six membered heterocycle compounds
Authors: Int Chem
Published: April 2019

The effectiveness in TB treatment is difficult because the structural composition of the mycobacterial cell wall is very complicated, which makes many drugs ineffective. Tuberculosis is still one of the most imperative infectious disease worldwide becouse its important reason is drug resistant, persistent or latent tuberculosis and synergism with HIV. Furthermore no any new chemical entity has come. The recently application of modern drug design promise to bring significant development in the fight against TB. In present review we discussed brief introduction of tuberculosis.