bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan Pembelajaran Era Pendidikan 4.0 Bagi Guru SMP Swasta Kota Padang
Authors: Jasrial Jasrial , Rusli Rifma
Published: July 2020

Guru menjadi aktor penting terlaksananya pembelajaran yang mengacu pada pengembangan kompetensi siswa di era pendidikan 4.0. Permasalahan umum yang ditemukan adalah guru-guru SMP swasta mendapat kesempatan pelatihan lebih rendah dari sekolah negeri baik dan hasil evaluasi pembelajaran menunjukkan kemampuan guru melaksanakan pembelajaran masih cendrung rendah. Rata-rata tingkat capaian siswa per mata pelajaran juga masih rendah. Pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada guru SMP swasta Kota Padang dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran efektif dengan mengintegrasikan PPK, literasi, HOTS, dan teknologi digital dalam kurikulum 2013 yang menjadi basis era pendidikan 4.0. Kegiatan ini meliputi penyajian materi tentang: (1) konsep revolusi industri 4.0 dan dampaknya terhadap pelaksanaan pembelajaran, (2) implementasi kurikulum 2013 yang mengacu pada pengembangan kompetensi peserta didik menghadapi revolusi industri 4.0, (3) integrasi PPK dalam pembelajaran, (4) strategi literasi dalam pembelajaran, (5) pembelajaran berbasis HOTS, dan (5) penggunaan teknologi dalam meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran. Metode pelatihan yang digunakan adalah ceramah, diskusi, dan resitasi yang dipandu oleh narasumber dan tim PkM. Peningkatan kemampuan peserta diukur dengan membandingkan hasil evaluasi sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan. Hasil evaluasi akhir menunjukkan terjadinya peningkatan yang signifikan terhadap pemahaman dan keterampilan guru melaksanakan pembelajaranan dengan mengacu pada kompetensi siswa era revolusi industri 4.0.
Improvement of Human Resources Capacity And Management of Payo Agro Tourism as an Efforts to Improve Local Economy
Authors: Fiza Adek Kurnia , Ernawati Ernawati , Ardian Arif , Retnaningtyas Susanti
Published: July 2020

Tourism has become the driving force for the economy in the community, various regions have applied the pattern, and managed to have a positive impact. This condition is the background of research on the success of the community service program from the Padang State University (UNP) team in Tanah Garam Village. The study was conducted in June to November 2019, the method used was a qualitative approach. Primary data were obtained from interviews with the Head of Tourism and Culture of the City of Solok, community leaders in Tanah Garam, Pokdarwis Payo, and community members in the Payo area (Tanah Garam). Interviews were conducted in accordance with guidelines related to the success of the UNP community service program in increasing the capacity of human resources (HR) and the ability to manage Payo agrotourism, thus providing economic impact for the community. The results showed that the service program succeeded in improving the economy of the community after the ability to manage tourism was increased.
A Learning System Design Based on Digital Technology Utilization
Authors: Rompis Lianly
Published: July 2020

Digital technology in Indonesia, especially in Manado, begin to grow very rapidly followed by the availability of adequate technology market, better financial economy, and high enthusiasm from the local people, mostly academic educators. Supported by the existence of network based technology, it is mostly expected that the process of transferring information and learning in classroom will be easier and no longer become great problem in the future. People will acceptdigital technology not as a threat, but cultivate and utilize them for the improvement of human civilization, while keep maintaining respect to traditional learning and manual opinions and analysis because after all those concepts are merely the best. This paper based on author experience, observations, and reviews, offers solutions to utilize digital technology for developing aneffective learning process. The research methods are literature study, analysis taken from personal experience, system design, and future implementation. The results of this research givesperspective to design a learning system in a proper way, using digital technology individually or integrated, which will also support research activities and improve good digital technology products designed and produced by people of Indonesia and other Nations.
Finding the Nearest Blood Donors using Dijkstra Algorithm
Authors: Hossain Md. Sabir , Das Nayan , Hossain Muhammad Kamrul , Al-Hasan Md.
Published: July 2020

Now-a-days frequent mishaps like the road accident or other life-risking accident leading to operational emergencies are increasing day by day and the blood donor for such victims or patients are very hard to find in a short period. Sometimes it is really tough to collect the blood of the same group from the relatives of a patient in dying moments. The main objective of this work is to make a connection with these two groups who are in need of blood and who are willing to donate. We have determined the shortest distance between blood seeker and blood donors using the Dijkstra Algorithm. Anybody can contact the nearest blood donor of any group in a particular area quickly. By implementing this idea, the harassment of the victim can be lessened and so many lives can be saved.
Business Innovation in Phoenix Dancer Company Semarang through YouTube Channel
Authors: Indratno Maria Veronika Dhianita Oktavia
Published: July 2020

In dynamic technology era, a company should use a new innovation.This innovation can improve the competitive advantage, expand the market reach, and also have a new source income. Phoenix Dancer which is already spend 10 years of operation, should take a new innovation in their company. Their old way through participating in the IKAPESTA exhibition is doesn’t bring a good impact anymore. Phoenix Dancer Semarang need a new way so that they can  improve their competitive advantage, expand the market reach, and also have a new source income, and all that goal can be reach using YouTube Channel. YouTube Channel is suitable for Phoenix Dancer Semarang because they are a services company that provides dancing in their customer wedding, gathering, or birthday. This research also take feasibility analysis to knowing that the innovation is feasible or not. This research is using mix-method, and use YouTube Analytic review data to answer the question research, and also observation and further analysis. The conclusion in this research is through YouTube Channel Phoenix Dancer Semarang can improve their competitive advantage in terms of originality content, but not in communication and creativity. They also succeed expand their market reach, but didn’t succeed in making a new source income from YouTube Partner. The feasibility analysis result tells that this innovation is feasible enough to improve and developed more in terms of financial income and operational activity, but not feasible in making new source income for their company.
The Effect of Irrgation Water Quality of Furrow Irrgation System on The Soil Properties in ABU Gharib District
Authors: Abed Jamel Mohammed
Published: July 2020

a field experiment was conducted at the soil research department station (Agricultural Research Office), located in Abu Ghraibdistrict (20 kilometers west of Baghdad) during the spring season for year (2016) to study the effect of irrigation water quality of furrow irrigation system on chemical and physical properties of the Soil.The field study carried out by using three types of saline irrigation water: (tap water) with (0.6 ds/m), two wells water with (3.0 ds/m) and (5.1 ds/m), and the alternating irrigation method through the continuation of irrigation to the end of the agricultural season using one irrigate of tap water followed by one irrigate of water well with (5.1 ds/m). The results showedincreasing of ECS and SAR values if salinitywater used as (S2 > S3 > S1), respectivelyfor the depths (20-30, and 30-45cm) more than the depths (0-10, and 10-20 cm) and decreasing of ECS and SAR values at the depths (0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm) when the tap water ( S0) is used. Also, increasing of the physical properties of the soil when theirrigation used by tap water (S0), and, decreasing of the physical properties of the soil when the irrigation used by water salinity(S2 > S3 > S1), respectively, at the depth (15-30) more than the depth (0-15 cm).
Almost convergent sequence spaces derived by the domain of quadruple band matrix
Authors: Bişgin Mustafa Cemil
Published: July 2020

In this work, we construct the sequence spaces f(Q(r, s, t, u)), f
0(Q(r, s, t, u)) and fs(Q(r, s, t, u)), where Q(r, s, t, u) is quadruple band matrix which generalizes the matrices Δ3, B(r, s, t), Δ2, B(r, s) and Δ, where Δ3, B(r, s, t), Δ2, B(r, s) and Δ are called third order difference, triple band, second order difference, double band and difference matrix, respectively. Also, we prove that these spaces are BK-spaces and are linearly isomorphic to the sequence spaces f, f
0 and fs, respectively. Moreover, we give the Schauder basis and β, γ-duals of those spaces. Lastly, we characterize some matrix classes related to those spaces.
The Brazilian Constitution: Context, Structure and Current Challenges
Authors: Lirio do Valle Vanice Regina
Published: July 2020

The Brazilian Constitution was enacted over 31 years ago, and it pioneered several constitutional changes in Latin America, in line with a transformational project which was to be achieved through the protection of human rights including socioeconomic rights. Three decades of this constitutional experience have highlighted aspects in which the original design has proven to be too ambitious, and not capable of overcoming political blockages as was originally intended. This Article describes the historical context in which the Brazilian Constitution was drafted and enacted, and discusses in general terms the political structure and the fundamental rights that the constitution provides. These baselines allow the reader to understand the current challenges that the Constitution now faces in the task of regulating a social ambience and collective expectations that are substantially different from those of the late 1980s which are synthesized in that same political document. Especial attention is given to judicial control over public policies—a relevant trend in the Brazilian judiciary, which raises much debate concerning its compatibility with the checks and balances principle. As a conclusion, the Article recognizes that the Brazilian Constitution is an institutional success, considering its ability to enable redemocratization, and even to overcome deep political crisis. This should not, however, be enough reason to take its strategy in the human rights field, as a successful one, to be uncritically reproduced in other countries.
Frege’s Puzzle and Cognitive Relationism: An Essay on Mental Files and Coordination
Authors: Bonardi Paolo
Published: July 2020

This paper will critically examine two solutions to Frege’s puzzle: the Millian-Russellian solution proposed by Salmon and Braun, which invokes non-semantic modes of presentation (guises, ways of believing or the like); and Fine’s relationalist solution, which appeals to semantic coordination. Special attention will be devoted to discussing the conception of modes of presentation as mental files and to elucidating the nature of coordination. A third solution to Frege’s puzzle will be explored which, like Salmon’s and Braun’s, adopts the Millian-Russellian semantics but, like Fine’s, involves coordination instead of modes of presentation; however, coordination will not be conceived as a semantic relation but as a cognitive and subjective relation, which provides no contribution to semantic content. This novel Millian-Russellian account involving cognitive coordination will be labelled cognitive relationism.
Do Plants Feel Pain?
Authors: Hamilton Adam , McBrayer Justin
Published: July 2020

Many people are attracted to the idea that plants experience phenomenal conscious states like pain, sensory awareness, or emotions like fear. If true, this would have wide-ranging moral implications for human behavior, including land development, farming, vegetarianism, and more. Determining whether plants have minds relies on the work of both empirical disciplines and philosophy. Epistemology should settle the standards for evidence of other minds, and science should inform our judgment about whether any plants meet those standards. We argue that evidence for other minds comes either from testimony, behavior, anatomy/physiology, or phylogeny. However, none of these provide evidence that plants have conscious mental states. Therefore, we conclude that there is no evidence that plants have minds in the sense relevant for morality.
Human Plight, Kantian as if, and Public Reasons in Korsgaard’s Moral Theory
Authors: Kiryushchenko Vitaly
Published: July 2020

The conception of two kinds of practical identities, which Korsgaard introduces in the Sources of Normativity, helps her explain how universal categorical reasoning is compatible with the moral content of individual practical decisions. Based on this conception, she devises an interpretation of the Kantian as if principle amended by her argument for the public shareability of reasons. I suggest that, in doing so, Korsgaard steps too far away from Kant’s architectonic approach to the question of why moral norms bind us, and that, as a result, the Korsgaardian explanation, as it stands, cannot be accomplished.
Antibiotics Resistance inEnterococcusIsolates From Poultry Waste
Authors: Cybulska Krystyna , Krzyśko-Łupicka Teresa
Published: July 2020

The aim of the study was to evaluate the drug resistance ofEnterococcus faecalisandEnterococcus faeciumisolated from different types of poultry waste. The study material consisted of feather samples (duck, turkey, chicken), sludge and centrifuge sediment, originating from three poultry farms. The study was conducted in two stages; isolation and identification ofEnterococcusbacteria from the waste and evaluation of their drug resistance using Kirby-Bauer method. Contamination of the poultry waste withEnterococcusisolates includedE.faeciumspecies (79 %) andE. faecalis(21 %). The most contaminated were sludge and sediment from the centrifuge as well as chicken feathers, irrespective of the place and time of sampling. Tested isolates showed multiple resistance and similar reaction to all antibiotics used in the study andE. faecalisstrain was more resistant.Enterococcusisolates showed the highest resistance to streptogramins, carbapenems, fluoroquinones, aminoglycosides and penicillins, and the lowest for nitrofurantions and phenicols.
Luminescence Dating of Lacustrine Sediments from Cuoe Lake on the Central Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Hou Yandong , Long Hao , Gao Lei , Shen Ji
Published: July 2020

Luminescence dating technology has been used for chronological constraints on lacustrine sediments due to the ubiquitous materials (e.g., quartz and feldspar) as dosimeters, and a relatively long dating range, compared with the commonly used radiocarbon dating method. However, quartz dating on the Tibetan Plateau may suffer from dim and unstable luminescence signals. In the current study, we investigate a lake-related outcrop from the shore of Cuoe Lake on the central Tibetan Plateau. Both coarse-grained quartz and K-feldspar fractions were extracted, and OSL and post-IR IRSL signals were measured from these fractions, respectively. Combining the stratigraphy analysis and dating results, this study shows that: (1) quartz appears to be unsuitable for dating because of very dim natural signals and even anomalous fading (average g-value: 4.30 ± 2.51 %/decade). The suitability of the applied pIRIR protocol measured at 150°C (pIRIR150) for K-feldspar samples was confirmed by a set of luminescence tests; (2) compared with the luminescence-based chronology, the 14C age of shells from the same sediment layer yielded older age by ∼7 ka, which is likely attributed to hard water reservoir effect in Cuoe Lake; (3) the lake level reached its peak and maintained high-stand during the early Holocene (∼9.4–7.1 ka). This study highlights the applicability of K-feldspar luminescence dating when the counterpart quartz OSL is insensitive and encounters anomalous fading.
MMaJIC, an Experimental Chamber for Investigating Soldering and Brazing in Microgravity
Authors: Daly Shannen , Hardyman Micah , Ragan James , Toombs Joseph , Prater Tracie , Grugel Richard N.
Published: July 2020

An E-1 payload, the Microgravity Materials Joining Investigative Chamber (MMaJIC), was designed and built for use aboard the International Space Station to investigate soldering and brazing phenomena in a microgravity environment. MMaJIC is a self-contained unit employing a microcontroller that runs a pre-programed experiment, monitors safety sensors, and supports temperature and video recording. MMaJIC uses individual experiment trays that can be easily modified for a specific investigation. The trays, which include a temperature/video data acquisition card, can be easily changed out and returned to Earth for evaluation. Simple operation of MMaJIC minimizes astronaut time while ensuring maximum sample throughput. It is expected that the results will shed considerable light on soldering and brazing in low-gravity environments, information that is important for NASA in conducting comprehensive repair and/or fabrication operations during long duration space missions.
Seeking the Civilizational Ghosts: Some Remarks on Chinese and Russian Approaches to International Law Through Civilizational Values
Authors: Amarasinghe Battagodage Punsara Aravinda
Published: July 2020

This article seeks to examine the rigor of civilizational values in modern international law as a crucial factor and how historically different civilizational values have inculcated different approaches to international law. While critiquing the civilizational rhetoric built by European nations in creating Eurocentric international law, this article brings how international law has been perceived by China and Russia following their historical complexities. Results emerge from this paper will demonstrate the different diversity in international law.
A parental school choice misery: Middle class parents’ dilemma in choosing a primary school in Berlin’s multi-ethnic neighborhoods
Authors: Mayer Tanja , Geist Viktor , Pohl Vera S. , Schwarz Judith , Koinzer Thomas
Published: July 2020

To follow up on research conducted in several countries, in this paper, we look at the dilemmas middle-class parents face of being “good parents” by choosing the “best” school with a milieu-related environment for their child versus being “good citizens” by choosing a “local” public school with a large proportion of students from a working-class or migrant background. Analyzing semi-structured interviews with parents, the paper explores whether and how parents in Germany’s capital city of Berlin refer to this dilemma concerning primary school choice and how they resolve it and justify their decision. The parents interviewed applied strategies in deciding to be “good parents” or “good citizens” or at least to make it easier to solve the dilemma. All the strategies presented in other studies can be found in our sample as well. In addition, we identified two more parental strategies: the strategy of downward comparison and the strategy of choosing a private school. It is notable that the perceived proportion of children with a migrant background in the neighborhood played a major role in relation to the dilemma and the strategies chosen.
Changing places, changing tracks: Inter-school mobility among Czech secondary students
Authors: Dvořák Dominik , Meyer Petr , Kučerová Silvie R. , Vyhnálek Jan , Šmíd Ondřej
Published: July 2020

Most of the literature on student between-track mobility or school choice examines decision making in comprehensive systems or in tracked general education schools. In this article we present data on inter-school mobility (transfers) of upper secondary students in a differentiated educational system with academic, professional and vocational tiers and with a complex scheme of programmes and qualifications. This study is based on administrative microdata from the Czech school register merged with databases containing geographical information. We performed an explorative analysis of 4,533 events of school change with focus on the spatial aspects of VET student transfers. The preliminary results confirm the usefulness of this approach in studying the role school distance plays in programme and school choice.
Canadian colonialism, ignorance and education. A study of graduating students at Queen’s University
Authors: Godlewska Anne M.C. , Schaefli Laura M. , Forcione Melissa , Lamb Christopher , Nelson Elizabeth , Talan Breah
Published: July 2020

Canada has long been a colonial country and an extractive economy. In the 20th century, with the adoption of multiculturalism and a global peace keeping mission, the country seemed to embrace a new ethos. However, Canada remains deeply colonial and, in spite of a judiciary that since the repatriation of the Constitution in 1982, increasingly recognizes Indigenous land, resource and identity rights, its economy continues to be extractive, with abiding impacts on the Indigenous peoples of Turtle Island (North America). Our study of the knowledge, ignorance and social attitudes of exiting undergraduate students at Queen’s University suggests that students in this part of Canada (Ontario) are educated to misunderstand the fundamental geographies of Indigenous peoples, their land, and their identity. But the contradiction between image and reality is beginning to attract the students’ attention and disrupt their sense of being part of a just society.
Classroom Action Research-based Instruction: The Sustainable Teacher Professional Development Strategy
Authors: Meesuk Parinya , Sramoon Banleng , Wongrugsa Angwara
Published: July 2020

The purposes of this research were to study the current situation and to compare the consequences of the Child Development Centre teachers on classroom action research-based instruction. The sample was 81 teachers of the Child Development Centre of the Local Administrative Organisation, derived from multi-stage random sampling. The instruments were the semi-structured interview form, and the measurement form of learning management outcomes, which the validity was between 0.80-1.00 and reliability was 0.968. The data were analysed by percentage, mean, standard deviation, content analysis and independent t-test. The results showed that 1) most teachers conducted informal classroom research to solve children’s behaviour problems and to increase the development of children. They usually utilised their research than others, but still not much. 2) the consequences of the classroom action research-based instruction were significantly higher than the standard requirement instruction at the .05 level of significance. The outstanding results have been discussed.
Modern Techologies in Computer Design and Application of Systems for Stress-Strain Calculations of Weapon System Elements
Authors: Antonov Stamen Iliev
Published: July 2020

The article explores contemporary computer tools for calculating stress-strain of mechanisms and elements for heavy weapons and machine guns. The article is intended to aid the knowledge and skills requirements in the future work of engineers and constructors in machine engineering and weapon systems.
Determining a Particular Solution for N-th Order Linear Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients that Have the Free Term in the Following Form e

a

·

x
·P(x) ·cos
n

x or e

b

·

x
·Q(x)·sin
n

x
Authors: Căruţaşu Vasile , Hampu Alexandru
Published: July 2020

A particular solution for the n-th order linear differential equations with constant coefficients that are free of term such as P(x)· e

a

·

x
·cos
n

x or/and Q(x)·e

b

·

x
· sin
n

x, n∈ N, can be determined based on two elements: the way in which cos
n

x and sin
n

x can develop, and, on the other hand on the way a particular solution for the free terms P(x) ·e

a

·

x
·cos
n

x or/and Q(x)·e

b

·

x
·sin
m

x, n ∈N is sought. We can, of course, write the way a particular solution looks also in the case we have a combination of the two terms or more terms of this kind.
Extending the Production Tolerance of a Gauge and Determining its Trueness
Authors: Tonev Danko , Sotirov Branko
Published: July 2020

Gauges are widely used means for alternative control in mass production and, in some cases, in small-scale production. Similar to all measuring devices, their use is accompanied by the well-known errors Type I (α) and Type II (β). A basic requirement when designing gauges is that the values of these errors are equal to those of other measuring devices. Considering the development and improvement of technological processes, at present there is a real possibility to improve some of the gauges’ characteristics. The most important metrological characteristic of the conical gauge is the so-called base distance. The standardized design requirements that are introduced to prevent scrap significantly reduce the production tolerance of the gauge. This not only causes some difficulties in the production of gauges, but also increases the likelihood of incorrectly rejecting conforming parts. The paper presents an opportunity to extend the production tolerance of conical gauges by applying a novel way of determining the nominal diameter of its no-go part, and by calculating theoretically the associated risk Type I (α).
Russians’ Perceiving The Halal As A Sign Of Quality (Case Of St. Petersburg Meat Market)
Authors: Cherenkov Vitally Ivanovich , Musayeva Samira Ali Kyzy
Published: July 2020

There is a lot of scandals and even food poisoning caused by consuming poor-quality meat in Russian Federation (RF). This is especially true for ready-toeat meat products (e.g., sausages, smoked meats, dumplings, meat pies), as the buyers do not see what they are made of. The fact is that in the USSR they had a well-developed system of state verification and standardization of all food products. The state standards (GOSTs) issued for each food product had the power of law. Violations of GOST requirements were regarded as crimes. However, the RF Law “On Standardization” has factually lost its power in connection with the adoption (2002) of the Federal Law “On Technical Regulating”. Therefore, new GOSTs have not previous power and are removed from the jurisdiction of the RF government. The fuzzy “technical specifications” (TUs) in contrast with previous severe GOSTs for food do not provide products quality control but are only indicators of biological, chemical and radiation safety. Using GOST labelling on food items seems as a marketing gimmick today. Nevertheless, recently there have been reports of the development of digital quality control and related legislation. Research findings presented herein show significant growth of Halal meat market. Increased customer confidence in Halal products is also found among non-Muslim buyers. The Council of Muftis of RF, together with the presidential administration of RF, has initiated the development of the state document “Requirements for producing, manufacturing, processing, storage and sale of Halal products”. Halal labelling was developed and approved and Halal stores opened. Our brief customer survey has showed the results of customer confidence in the Halal meat and meat product market could be found across the entire range of Halal food items. Taking into account global trends, the Halal food market in Russia as well as Halal industry as a whole have great prospects (exporting Halal items included) and this phenomenon demands a future extended research.
Lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease association: epidemiology, diagnostic and treatment aspects
Authors: Badescu Camelia
Published: July 2020

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer (LC) occupy first place among diseases with high incidence and mortality and become a genuine health problem through costs for the medical system. COPD is considered an independent risk factor for LC, in addition to smoking and occupational exposure. Prevention policies and early diagnosis and treatment may contribute to the decrease in the incidence of both diseases. This article reviews the epidemiological overlaps between the two diseases and the particular features of the diagnosis and treatment of LC in COPD patients.
The effects of a respiratory rehabilitation programme on body composition
Authors: Jipa-Dună Daniela , Croitoru Alina , Bezdedeanu Anca Emilia , Toma Claudia , Bogdan Miron Alexandru
Published: July 2020

Objective

Analysis of the respiratory rehabilitation effects on body composition, performed for 10 patients with respiratory pathology.

Materials and method

In our pilot study were included patients with respiratory disease, for which bioelectrical impedance analysis was performed before and after an outpatient respiratory rehabilitation (RR) programme. The RR programme consisted of 20 sessions of exercise for lower limb (cycling and walking on a treadmill) and upper limb (weights).

Results

Ten patients followed the rehabilitation programme (five patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, two with bronchiectasis, one with cystic fibrosis, one with lung cancer and one with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis). Following the rehabilitation, they presented an important decrease in total body fat distribution (average total body fat distribution before RR – 31.38% and after RR – 27.09%, p = 0.000) and also segmental body fat distribution; we found an increase of total muscle mass after RR programme (average total muscle mass distribution before RR – 53.03 kg and after the RR – 56.84 kg, p = 0.000) and segmental muscle mass. The average body weight of the patients measured before and after the rehabilitation programme remained relatively constant in absolute value (81.8 kg and 81.3 kg after RR), probably by decreasing fat mass and increasing muscle mass. The RR programme had also a positive effect on increasing exercise tolerance (with 88.5 m at 6-min walk test) and dyspnoea improvement (decrease of mMRC scale with 1.5 points).

Conclusion

The RR programme has modified the body composition by increasing muscle mass and decreasing fat mass in the respiratory patients, with positive effects on symptoms and exercise tolerance.
Violent Extremism in the Western Balkans: Re-Shaping the Islamist Terrorist Phenomenon in South-Eastern Europe
Authors: Corradi Edoardo
Published: July 2020

This paper aims to shed new light on the phenomenon of Islamist violent extremism across the Western Balkans. This phenomenon has recently drawn worldwide attention due to the risk that the self-proclaimed Islamic State (IS) has raised as an international actor. The main theoretical argument is that the main driver of foreign fighters aligns with the Roy theory about the “Islamization of radicalism”. So far, academic literature on Islamist terrorism has often considered the Western Balkan region as the one with the highest percentage of foreign fighters. Notwithstanding this being correct, such analysis seems superficial, since it misrepresents the image of the region itself. In this paper, the countries taken into account are those with a high percentage of Muslim population (e.g. Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo) and with a large Muslim autochthonous minority group (e.g. the Republic of North Macedonia). The comparison of the estimates of foreign fighters in Syria from the Western Balkans with data from several sources led us to understand the existence of a precise narrative towards the region and the Islamist religion.
Relationship Between Functional Traits, Functional Types, and Habitat in Boreonemoral Bryophytes
Authors: Ievinsh Gederts , Gaile Laura , Elferts Didzis , Liepiņa Ligita
Published: July 2020

The aim of the present study was to determine a relationship between physiological traits and functional types of bryophytes from five boreonemoral habitats with a particular emphasis on discriminative ability of these traits. Sampling of 25 species was performed four times during one season. Water content, chlorophyll a fluorescence and photosynthetic pigment concentration were measured in field and water-equilibrated samples. Principal component analysis indicated the existence of an inverse relationship between concentration of pigments and water content. Linear discriminant analysis showed that relatively high mean predicted posterior probabilities of correct classification of functional types by physiological traits were found for water conducting system, followed by substrate and habitat, but it was highly variable and type-specific for life form and relatively less variable for life strategy. Field water content had the highest average discriminative importance among physiological traits, followed by chlorophyll fluorescence indices field Fv/Fm, equilibrated PI, equilibrated RC/ABS, and field RC/ABS. Photosynthetic pigment concentrations had relatively less average importance for classification of functional types.
Effect of Temperature and Time on Decomposition of δ-ferrite in Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Gigović-Gekić Almaida , Avdušinović Hasan , Hodžić Amna , Mandžuka Ermina
Published: July 2020

Microstructure of austenitic stainless steel is primarily monophasic, i.e. austenitic. However, precipitation of the δ-ferrite in the austenite matrix is possible depending on the chemical composition of steel. δ-Ferrite is stable on room temperature but it transforms into σ-phase, carbides and austenite during heat treatment. In this work, the results of analysis of influence of temperature and time on decomposition of δ-ferrite are presented. Magnetic induction method, microstructure and hardness analyses were used for testing the degree of decomposition of the δ-ferrite. Analysis of results showed that increase in temperature and time increases the degree of decomposition of δ-ferrite.
Social Capital and Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage: Theoretical Concepts of Departure and the Potential of Further Research
Authors: Drápala Daniel
Published: July 2020

This study discusses the use of the social capital concept in relation to the elements of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) and their safeguarding. The author proceeds from theoretical concepts which were employed by some researchers outside ethnological research (P. Bourdieu, Y. F. Fukuyama, R. D. Putnam and others) in the last decades. He highlights one of the basic principles of social capital, which consists of sharing the real and the potential sources, knowledge, and information, which an individual or a group of persons acquire through more or less institutionalized relations. Based on the experience from the national environment (Czech Republic) and an international organization (UNESCO) he contemplates to which extent it is possible to apply the theoretical foundations of social capital on the ICH, where the principle of sharing of and mutual respect to cultural elements is one of the basic theses. The discussion about the social capital concept in social sciences has until now shown how wide the spectrum of possible perspectives is. There is not the only possible determinant interpretation and field. The chosen theme, the methodology, and the discipline’s tradition contribute to different territorial and conceptual adaptations of social capital, which, however, also generates a potential of using this concept in the form of transdisciplinary research. This can be used, in the future, for the study of intangible cultural heritage.
Colonial Exceptionalism: Post-colonial Scholarship and Race in Czech and Slovak Historiography
Authors: Herza Filip
Published: July 2020

In spite of recent calls for the decolonisation of Czech and Slovak academia, there is still relatively little reflection of post-colonial theory in either Czech or Slovak historiography or related disciplines, including ethnology and Slavic studies. In the following essay I summarise the local discussion of coloniality and colonialism that has been going on since at least the end of the 2000s, while pointing out its conceptual limits and blind spots; namely the persistence of ‘colonial exceptionalism’ and the lack of understanding and use of race as an analytical tool. In dialogue with critical race theory as well as recent literature that deals with comparable ‘non-colonial’ or ‘marginal-colonial’ contexts such as South-Eastern Europe, Poland and the Nordic countries, I discuss how the local debates relating to colonial history as well as the post-colonial / post-socialist present of both countries would benefit from embracing the concept of ‘colonial exceptionalism’ and from including concepts of race and ‘whiteness’ as important tools of a critical analysis.
A Class of Littlewood Polynomials that are Not L

α
-Flat
Authors: Abdalaoui El Houcein El , Nadkarni Mahendra
Published: July 2020

We exhibit a class of Littlewood polynomials that are not L

α
-flat for any α ≥ 0. Indeed, it is shown that the sequence of Littlewood polynomials is not L

α
-flat, α ≥ 0, when the frequency of −1 is not in the interval ]

1
4

{1 \over 4}

,

3
4

{3 \over 4}

[ We further obtain a generalization of Jensen-Jensen-Hoholdt’s result by establishing that the sequence of Littlewood polynomials is not L

α
-flat for any α> 2 if the frequency of −1 is not

1
2

{1 \over 2}

. Finally, we prove that the sequence of palindromic Littlewood polynomials with even degrees are not L

α
-flat for any α ≥ 0, and we provide a lemma on the existence of c-flat polynomials.
Kummer Theory for Number Fields and the Reductions of Algebraic Numbers II
Authors: Perucca Antonella , Sgobba Pietro
Published: July 2020

Let K be a number field, and let G be a finitely generated and torsion-free subgroup of K

×
. For almost all primes p of K, we consider the order of the cyclic group (G mod 𝔭), and ask whether this number lies in a given arithmetic progression. We prove that the density of primes for which the condition holds is, under some general assumptions, a computable rational number which is strictly positive. We have also discovered the following equidistribution property: if ℓ
e
is a prime power and a is a multiple of ℓ (and a is a multiple of 4 if ℓ =2), then the density of primes 𝔭 of K such that the order of (G mod 𝔭) is congruent to a modulo ℓ
e
only depends on a through its ℓ-adic valuation.
Notes on the Distribution of Roots Modulo a Prime of a Polynomial III
Authors: Kitaoka Yoshiyuki
Published: July 2020

Let f (x) bea monicpolynomialwith integer coefficients and integers r
1,..., r

n
with 0 ≤ r
1 ≤··· ≤ r

n <p the n roots of f (x) ≡ 0mod p for a prime p. We proposed conjectures on the distribution of the point (r
1
/p,...,r

n

/p) in the previous papers. One aim of this paper is to revise them for a reducible polynomial f (x), and the other is to show that they imply the one-dimensional equidistribution of r
1
/p,...,r

n

/p for an irreducible polynomial f (x) by a geometric way.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DALAM BINGKAI SYARIAH
Authors: Annisa H Arditi , Nuraini Nuraini
Published: July 2020

Research in corporate social responsibility (CSR) has long been established yet there are still new dimensions for its discussion within the Islamic perspective. This study undertakes the investigation of CSR within the Islamic banking industry utilizing the Shariah Enterprise Theory (SET). It seeks to identify whether the factors of size, profitability and shariah compliance may play role in the disclosure of CSR by Islamic banks in Indonesia. All registered Islamic banks in Indonesia publishing their annual report for the period of 2011-2016 were employed as samples of this study. The findings demonstrated that some of the sampled banks have provided extensive and informative disclosure of CSR. Simulteanously the three studied variables consisting of size, profitability and shariah compliance were found to influence the CSR disclosure. Nevertheless, partially while bank size and profitability were found to influence the CSR disclosure yet there was no influence of shariah compliance towards CSR disclosure. This gives an interesting insight for further examination in future studies
ANALISIS PENERAPAN PSAK 109 MENGENAI AKUNTANSI ZAKAT DAN INFAQ/SEDEKAH PADA BAITUL MAL ACEH
Authors: Murniati Murniati , Ikhsan Adhisyahfitri Evalina
Published: July 2020

This research aims to analyze the implementation of PSAK 109 in Baitul Mal Aceh. This research was conducted to look how PSAK 109 was applied in Baitul Mal Aceh. This research uses questionare as the primary data and financial statement as the secondary data. The subject of this research is Baitul Mal Aceh and the object is financial statement of 2016 period.  This research is a descriptive research, data analysis in this study uses descriptive-comaparative analysis. The result of this study shows that there are four indicators of PSAK 109. Baitul Mal Aceh has applied 94% of PSAK 109.
PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK INFORMASI SISTEM AKUNTANSI MANAJEMEN, KETIDAKPASTIAN LINGKUNGAN, DAN DESENTRALISASI TERHADAP KINERJA MANAJERIAL (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA PERUSAHAAN BUMN DI BANDA ACEH)
Authors: Febrianti Rizki , Fitri Yulia
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of characteristics of management accounting system information, environmental uncertainty, and decentralization on managerial performance. Data collection techniques in this study were collected by distributing questionnaires to 70 managers who had been set as samples in 18 BUMN companies in Banda Aceh. Statistical tests are performed using multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS 20. The results of the study prove that the four characteristics of management accounting information systems (broad scope, timeliness, aggregation, integration), and decentralization have a positive and significant effect on managerial performance. Enviromental uncertainty have a negative and significant effect on managerial performance.
La caza deportiva continental en Chile
Authors: Jiménez Barrado Víctor , Martín Delgado Luz María
Published: July 2020

Desde los albores de la humanidad, la actividad cinegética ha sido proveedora de sustentos alimenticios básicos. En la actualidad, la caza ha perdido esta centralidad, considerándose como una alternativa productiva y de ocio más para las comunidades rurales. En Chile, así como en otros países, esta actividad se ha legislado y reglamentado en las últimas décadas. De este modo, la vigente ley N°19.473 de 1996 y su reglamento (Decreto Supremo N°5 de 1998) son el marco básico que rige la caza en Chile. Pasados más de 20 años desde su entrada en vigor, y en atención a la laguna científica y académica imperante sobre el particular en el país, planteamos este trabajo con el objetivo de analizar la normativa y organismos chilenos implicados en el rubro, así como también las asociaciones y sus formas de organizarse y practicar la actividad cinegética. Finalmente, se descubre que en Chile la actividad cinegética es muy minoritaria. Además, persiste una visión tradicional y poco productiva, en la que el asociacionismo y el número de cotos de caza es reducido.
A potencialidade turística como perspectiva de desenvolvimento local
Authors: Coara Coaracy Eleutério da Luz
Published: July 2020

A pesquisa abrange como área de estudo os municípios de Nova Santa Bárbara, São Jerônimo da Serra e Sapopema, localizados na mesorregião do Norte Pioneiro Paranaense, cuja conjuntura socioeconômica caracteriza-se pelo baixo dinamismo socioeconômico no decorrer do século atual. A potencialidade turística desses municípios representa algumas das possibilidades de desenvolvimento do turismo local. Nesse caso, faz-se necessária a integração das administrações públicas locais em prol da efetivação de um possível roteiro integrado. Para discorrer sobre o assunto analisa-se a potencialidade turística e sua relação com o desenvolvimento local numa perspectiva endógena com a finalidade de fortalecer as ações locais e regionais. Na sequência apresenta-se o potencial turístico existente em Nova Santa Bárbara, São Jerônimo da Serra e Sapopema. Então, explana-se de modo geral sobre as feições paisagísticas potenciais para a prática turística e como estas poderiam se transformar em recursos turísticos. Na paisagem analisada destacam-se as quedas d’água, as grutas, a topografia acidentada, as localidades rurais, as comunidades indígenas etc. Assim, tem-se como objetivo identificar a potencialidade turística dos municípios abordados e tecer alguns apontamentos sobre como esta pode passar a ser um destacado recurso turístico para um roteiro integrado.
The Cult of the Scribes of the Pre-Baikal Buryats
Authors: Miyagasheva Surjana B.
Published: July 2020

Purpose. As a result of joining the Russian Empire, the Buryats formed certain beliefs and cults associated with the administrative service and organically associated with the worldview of Buryat shamanism, which became the basis for the emergence of specific ritual activities. In this case, of particular interest is the cult of mythological scribe-servants of the Lord of the underworld Erlen Khan. This cult had a wide practical application among the Pre-Baikal Buryats until the 20th Century.
Results. It is determined that the new types of social organization among the Buryats, formed in the process of Siberia’s accession to the Russian state in the 17th–18th centuries, are reflected in religious and mythological ideas, in particular in the sacred concept of the other world, ideas about the afterlife and beliefs about the terrible punishers in the face of the Eastern gods. It is revealed that many aspects of archaic shamanistic ideas about the soul and its afterlife were harmoniously incorporated into the views of the complex bureaucratic structure of the underworld.
Conclusion. The formation and development of the administrative service in connection with the entry of the Buryats into the Russian state led to the sacralization of the rank, and rank served as the basis for the formation of new religious and mythological aspects in the spiritual culture of the Buryats. Such ideological aspects related to the historical realities of ethnic and cultural development of the Buryats are specific motives in the mythology of the population of the Pre-Baikal region which allows examine the development and formation of traditional beliefs.
Kainsky Pass (Outpost): History, Localization and Layout Plan
Authors: Gorokhov Sergey V.
Published: July 2020

Purpose. This work is a continuation of the series of articles by the author devoted to the localization, architecture and layout plan of the defensive structures, the purpose of which was to ensure safe and uninterrupted traffic along the segment of the Moscow-Siberian Route from Tara to Tomsk: Ust-Tartassky, Ubinsky passes (outposts), Bergamak, Chausky and Umrevinsky ostrogs, Abakhan winter hut. Without a holistic view of the origin of these objects it is impossible to get a sufficiently complete picture of the functioning of the most important land transport communication in the Ob-Irtysh interfluve during the period of its formation in the first half of the 18th Century. The purpose of this study is to localize the Kainsky Pass and reconstruct its layout plan based on written sources.
Results. The etymology of the word “pass” is established. Based on the original meaning of the word, the purpose of the construction of the Baraba outposts was identified. A text fragment from travel diary of J. G. Gmelin, dedicated to the Kainsky Pass (1741) was translated into Russian. Based on this source, the exact location of the Kainsky Pass (outpost) on the territory of the modern town of Kuybyshev (Novosibirsk Region) was determined (Str. Agafonov on the segment between Str. Kopiev and St. Saraynaya). A graphic and descriptive reconstruction of the layout plan of the Kainsky Pass was completed. It was established that the outpost had a sub-rectangular shape, “zaplot” constructed walls, two entrance towers, the yard contained the commander’s house, a barn, armoury room and 12 barracks. Outside the walls was a bathhouse. The Pass was surrounded by a ditch, Dragon’s teeth fortifications and cheval de frise.
Conclusion. The analysis of J. G. Gmelin’s travel diary showed that this source is the main one on the early history of the Kainsky Pass. Without its careful study the first decades of this defensive structure can only be reconstructed hypothetically.