bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes of Differential Urinary Metabolites after High‐Intensive Training in Teenage Football Players
Authors: Cao Ben , Liu Shuojia , Yang Lin , Chi Aiping
Published: March 2020

Objective. The mechanism underlying the fatigue of football players is closely related to the energy depletion and accumulation of metabolites; the present study tries to explore the metabolic mechanism in teenage football players during exercise‐induced fatigue. Methods. 12 teenage football players were subjected to three groups of combined training by using a cycle ergometer, with the subjective Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) as a fatigue criterion. The following indicators were measured in each group after training: maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max), anaerobic power, and average anaerobic power. Urine samples were collected before and after the training. Gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) was performed for the metabonomics analysis of the samples. The metabolism data was analyzed by using principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares analysis (OPLS‐DA), through the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database to confirm the potential differences between metabolites, and the MetPA database was used to analyze the related metabolic pathways. Results. There was no significant difference between the maximal oxygen uptakes among the three groups. Compared with group 1, the maximum and average anaerobic power in group 3 significantly decreased (p < 0.05) at the end of training. GC‐MS detected 635 metabolites in the urine samples. Through PCA, OPLS‐DA analysis, and KEGG matching, 25 different metabolites (3↑22↓) that met the conditions were finally selected. These different metabolites belonged to 5 metabolic pathways: glycine‐serine‐threonine metabolism, citrate cycle, tyrosine metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Conclusions. During the combined exercise of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, teenage football players show a significant decrease in anaerobic capacity after fatigue. The metabolic mechanism of exercise fatigue was related to disorders in amino acid and energy metabolism.
The Efficacy of the WeChat App Combined with Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise for the Urinary Incontinence after Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Junwen Shen , Rongjiang Wang
Published: March 2020

Objective. This research is aimed at studying the effect of the WeChat app combined with pelvic floor muscle exercise (PFME) on urinary incontinence (UI) for patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP). Patients and Methods. We retrospectively reviewed 112 patients who not only had done open RP or laparoscopic RP in our institution but also had sufficient data: preoperative information and more than one year of follow‐up records. All the patients received instructions in correct pelvic floor muscle contraction and were encouraged to train the pelvic floor muscle. 58 patients, who were offered additional training guide by the WeChat app after hospital, were divided into group A, while the other 54 patients, who did PFME alone after hospital, were divided into group B. All the patients underwent a 24 h pad test at 3 days, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after catheter removal. The differences in preoperative information and the results of the 24 h pad test in the follow‐up, from the two groups of patients, were compared statistically. And we defined “urinary continence” as 0 g at a 24 h pad test. Results. No statistically significant difference in background variable in patients of group A and group B was found. On a 24 h pad test (g), group A had better results compared to group B: 254 ± 76 vs 293 ± 86 (1 month, p < 0.05), 76 ± 47 vs 98 ± 58 (3 months, p < 0.05), 23 ± 31 vs 48 ± 41 (6 months, p < 0.001), 5 ± 3 vs 11 ± 5 (12 months, p < 0.001). On the urinary continence, 31% were continent in group A vs 13% in group B (3 months, p < 0.05). And it increased to 50% in group A compared to 24% in group B (6 months, p < 0.01). Conclusion. Compared to doing PFME alone, the WeChat app combined with pelvic floor muscle training can decrease urine leakage and increase the number of urinary continence after radical prostatectomy.
Identification and Validation of an Individualized EMT‐Related Prognostic Risk Score Formula in Gastric Adenocarcinoma Patients
Authors: Zhang Deyu , Zhou Siran , Liu Bingrong
Published: March 2020

Background. The epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a pivotal process for fibrotic disease, embryonic development, and wound healing. Moreover, some evidence has proven that the disorder of EMT also plays an important role in carcinogenesis, especially invasion and metastasis of various tumors (Ritchie et al., 2015). Additionally, gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) is a common gastrointestinal malignancy which is the fourth most commonly diagnosed tumor. Our study is aimed at identifying the prognostic value of EMT‐related genes in gastric adenocarcinoma. Methods. Firstly, high‐throughput and clinical data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. 99 differentially expressed EMT‐related genes (ERGs) were obtained in these gastric adenocarcinoma data. Secondly, GO and KEGG enrichment analyses show that EMT may promote gastric carcinogenesis. Next, 10 ERGs associated with prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma patients are screened out by univariate Cox regression, and 6 pivotal prognostic ERGs (MMP8, MMP11, TFDP3, MYB, F2, and CNTN1) are identified through multivariate Cox regression. These 6 genes are confirmed with significant prognostic value in gastric adenocarcinoma through overall survival (OS) analysis. Finally, a risk score formula is constructed and tested in another gastric adenocarcinoma cohort from GEO. Results. 99 differentially expressed EMT‐related genes (ERGs) and their enriched pathways are identified. 10 ERGs are strongly related to the prognosis of GAC patients. A risk score formula of 6 prognosis‐related ERGs used to predict the prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma patients is identified and tested (risk score = 0.448115∗expression value of MMP8 + 0.378892∗expression value of MMP11 − 0.3226∗expression value of MYB + 1.322812∗expression value of TFDP3 + 0.325063∗expression value of F2 + 0.334197∗expression value of CNTN1). Conclusion. This study provides a potential prognostic signature for predicting prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma patients and molecular insights of EMT in gastric adenocarcinoma, and the formula focusing on the prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma can be effective.
Saved by the VAC: Minimally Invasive Removal of a Surely Fatal Right Heart Thrombus in a Patient with Advanced Heart Failure
Authors: Keeton James , Gonzalez Pedro Engel , Cox Julie , Morlend Robert M. , Amin Alpesh A. , Mammen Pradeep P. A. , Huffman Lynn C. , Araj Faris G.
Published: March 2020

Intracardiac thrombi are associated with an increased morbidity and mortality due to their unpredictability and embolic potential. Right heart thrombus is infrequently encountered in clinical practice outside the scenario of acute pulmonary embolism with hemodynamic compromise, and even more uncommon is the presence of a massive right heart thrombus. Embolic potential is high, and historically, management has revolved around open surgical removal or systemic thrombolysis. We hereby present a case of a massive right heart thrombus in a high surgical risk patient, which was successfully removed using a percutaneous aspiration device.
The Impact of Service and Channel Integration on the Stability and Complexity of the Supply Chain
Authors: Zhou Jianheng , Chen Xingli
Published: March 2020

This paper constructs a supply chain consisting of a manufacturer and a retailer. Considering channel integration and service cooperation, two dynamic Stackelberg game models are established: one without unit profit allocation M and the other one with unit profit allocation Mε. In two dynamic models, we analyze the influence of relevant parameters on the stability and complexity of the dynamic system and system profit by nonlinear system theory and numerical simulation. We find that the higher adjustment parameters can cause the system to lose stability, showing double period bifurcation or wave-shape chaos. The stable region becomes larger with increase in service value and value of unit profit sharing. Besides, when the system is in chaotic state, we find that the profit of the system will fluctuate or even decline sharply; however, keeping the parameters in a certain range is helpful in maintaining the system stability and is conducive to decision-makers to obtain steady profits. In order to control the chaos phenomenon, the state feedback method is employed to control the chaotic system well. This study provides some valuable significance to supply chain managers in channel integration and service cooperation.
Isolation of Quercetin from Rubus fruticosus, Their Concentration through NF/RO Membranes, and Recovery through Carbon Nanocomposite. A Pilot Plant Study
Authors: Zahoor Muhammad , Shah Abdul Bari , Naz Sumaira , Ullah Riaz , Bari Ahmed , Mahmood Hafiz Majid
Published: March 2020

In this study, an attempt has been made to devise a method for a large‐scale production of quercetin from a medicinal plant. The natural products are first isolated from plants and then synthesized commercially. During their synthesis, a number of impurities or side products are also formed, most of which are carcinogenic. Plant products have limited side effects. Therefore, they are considered safe to be used for systemic uses. In the Rubus fruticosus fruit, the ethyl acetate extract was loaded to 50 optimized silica gel columns. The effluents of columns were passed through the membrane system for concentration. A 100% recovery was achieved from the drain pipe in case of reverse osmosis membrane when the specified rely of the pilot plant was set on 25% rejection. About 95% recovery was achieved through the NF membrane while the 5% loss in permeate was recovered through magnetic carbon nanocomposite (characterized through a bar magnet, SEM, XRD, and EDX). The equilibrium time of adsorption was 83 min and followed by pseudo‐first‐order kinetics. The adsorption equilibrium data fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm model. Through the devised method, quercetin was successfully concentrated with high efficiencies; however, further studies are needed to validate the method.
Phytochemical Study on Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Moroccan Caralluma europaea Extract and Its Bioactive Compound Classes
Authors: Amrati Fatima ez-zahra , Bourhia Mohammed , Slighoua Meryem , Ibnemoussa Samir , Bari Ahmed , Ullah Riaz , Amaghnouje Amal , Di Cristo Francesca , El Mzibri Mohammed , Calarco Anna , Benbacer Laila , Bousta Dalila
Published: March 2020

Background. Caralluma europaea (C. europaea) is a medicinal plant used in Moroccan popular medicine. Objective of the Study. The present work was aimed at identifying the chemical composition and the antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of hydroethanolic and bioactive compound classes of C. europaea. Materials and Methods. The chemical composition was analyzed using HPLC. The antioxidant power was determined using both DPPH and FRAP assays. The antiproliferative activity was effectuated against cancerous cells using WST‐1. Results. The chemical analysis showed the presence of bioactive constituents such as quercetin, myricetin, and hesperetin. The polyphenol and flavonoid contents were estimated at 51.42 mg GA/g and 20.06 mg EQ/g, respectively. The EC50 values of FRAP assay of hydroethanolic, flavonoid, saponin, and mucilage extracts were 5.196 mg/ml, 4.537 mg/ml, 3.05 mg/ml, and 6.02 mg/ml, respectively. The obtained IC50 values with the DPPH test were 1.628 mg/ml, 1.05 mg/ml, 1.94 mg/ml, and 9.674 mg/ml, respectively. Regarding MDA‐MB‐231, saponins were highly effective even with the lowest concentration (15.62 μg/ml). The flavonoids decreased the cell viability with IC50 values of 43.62 ± 0.06 μg/ml, whereas the hydroethanolic extract and mucilages were ineffective. Saponins were also effective against MCF‐7 cells with IC50 values of 4.195 ± 0.025 μg/ml. Conclusion. The present results suggest that C. europaea may have considerable potential for the development of effective natural anticancer agents.
A Case Study on Designing a Sliding Mode Controller to Stabilize the Stochastic Effect of Noise on Mechanical Structures: Residential Buildings Equipped with ATMD
Authors: Azizi Aydin
Published: March 2020

This study aims to stabilize the unwanted fluctuation of buildings as mechanical structures subjected to earth excitation as the noise. In this study, the ground motion is considered as a Wiener process, in which the governing stochastic differential equations have been presented in the form of Ito equation. To stabilize the vibration of the system, the ATMD system is considered and located on the upmost story of the building. A sliding mode controller has been utilized to control the ATMD system, which is a robust controller in the presence of uncertainty. For this purpose, the design of a sliding mode controller for the general dynamic system with Lipschitz nonlinearity and considering the Ito relations has been accomplished. The mentioned design has been implemented considering the presence of the Weiner process and existence of uncertainty in the structure and actuator. Then, the obtained general control law has been generalized to control the ATMD system. The results show that the designed controller is effective to reduce the effect of the unwanted impused vibrations on the building.
Role of Wnt/β‐Catenin Signaling in the Chemoresistance Modulation of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Yuan Shengli , Tao Fengying , Zhang Xinglin , Zhang Yan , Sun Xingxing , Wu Dapeng
Published: March 2020

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. To date, chemotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of CRC patients. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the major hurdles in chemotherapy for CRC, and the underlying mechanisms need to be explored. Studies have demonstrated that Wnt/β‐catenin signaling plays a critical role in oncogenesis and tumor development, and its function in inhibiting apoptosis could facilitate tumor chemoresistance. Recent investigations have also suggested the regulatory effects of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway in response to chemotherapeutic agents in CRC. Here, we particularly focus on reviewing the evidences suggesting the mechanisms of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in the chemoresistance modulation of colorectal cancer.
Identification of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Sensitive to Systemic Cancer Therapies Using Radiomics
Authors: Dercle Laurent , Fronheiser Matthew , Lu Lin , Du Shuyan , Hayes Wendy , Leung David K. , Roy Amit , Wilkerson Julia , Guo Pingzhen , Fojo Antonio T. , Schwartz Lawrence H. , Zhao Binsheng
Published: March 2020

Purpose:

Using standard-of-care CT images obtained from patients with a diagnosis of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we defined radiomics signatures predicting the sensitivity of tumors to nivolumab, docetaxel, and gefitinib.

Experimental Design:

Data were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively across multicenter clinical trials [nivolumab, n = 92, CheckMate017 (NCT01642004), CheckMate063 (NCT01721759); docetaxel, n = 50, CheckMate017; gefitinib, n = 46, (NCT00588445)]. Patients were randomized to training or validation cohorts using either a 4:1 ratio (nivolumab: 72T:20V) or a 2:1 ratio (docetaxel: 32T:18V; gefitinib: 31T:15V) to ensure an adequate sample size in the validation set. Radiomics signatures were derived from quantitative analysis of early tumor changes from baseline to first on-treatment assessment. For each patient, 1,160 radiomics features were extracted from the largest measurable lung lesion. Tumors were classified as treatment sensitive or insensitive; reference standard was median progression-free survival (NCT01642004, NCT01721759) or surgery (NCT00588445). Machine learning was implemented to select up to four features to develop a radiomics signature in the training datasets and applied to each patient in the validation datasets to classify treatment sensitivity.

Results:

The radiomics signatures predicted treatment sensitivity in the validation dataset of each study group with AUC (95 confidence interval): nivolumab, 0.77 (0.55–1.00); docetaxel, 0.67 (0.37–0.96); and gefitinib, 0.82 (0.53–0.97). Using serial radiographic measurements, the magnitude of exponential increase in signature features deciphering tumor volume, invasion of tumor boundaries, or tumor spatial heterogeneity was associated with shorter overall survival.

Conclusions:

Radiomics signatures predicted tumor sensitivity to treatment in patients with NSCLC, offering an approach that could enhance clinical decision-making to continue systemic therapies and forecast overall survival.
Dihydrotanshinone I Increase Amyloid-β Clearance and Decrease Tau Phosphorylation via Enhancing Autophagy
Authors: Bao Zhonglei , Zhang Huixue , Jiao Hong , Chu Xiaojie , Fu Jin , Wang Lihua
Published: March 2020

Introduction: The plaques formed by amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation and neurofibrillary tangles formed by hyper-phosphorylated tau protein are the 2 major pathologies of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recently, autophagy is considered to be a self-degradation process of preserved cytoplasmic abnormal substances, including Aβ and tau. Methods: α-Screen assay is used to discover a new mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling inhibitor, and laser scanning confocal microscopic analysis is used to investigate the autophagy formation. Lastly, ELISA and Western blot assays are used to identify the mTOR signaling inhibitor effect on Aβ and tau and the underlying mechanism. Results: In the current study, we discover that dihydrotanshinone I (DTS I), extracted from Radix Salviae, can obviously inhibit mTOR phosphorylation and increase autophagy via increasing AMPK phosphorylation. Further study demonstrates that DTS I increases Aβ clearance and decreases Tau phosphorylation through autophagy enhancement involved with AMPK/mTOR pathway. Conclusion: Our study indicates that DTS I can increase Aβ clearance and decrease Tau phosphorylation via autophagy enhancing involved with AMPK/mTOR pathway, which highlights the therapeutic potential of DTS I for the treatment of AD.
Exposure to Medical Radiation during Fetal Life, Childhood and Adolescence and Risk of Brain Tumor in Young Age: Results from The MOBI-Kids Case-Control Study
Authors: Pasqual Elisa , Castaño-Vinyals Gemma , Thierry-Chef Isabelle , Kojimahara Noriko , Sim Malcolm R. , Kundi Michael , Krewski Daniel , Momoli Franco , Lacour Brigitte , Remen Thomas , Radon Katja , Weinmann Tobias , Petridou Eleni , Moschovi Maria , Dikshit Rajesh , Sadetski Siegal , Maule Milena , Farinotti Mariangela , Ha Mina , ’t Mannetje Andrea , Alguacil Juan , Aragonés Nuria , Vermeulen Roel , Kromhout Hans , Cardis Elisabeth
Published: March 2020

Background: We explored the association between ionizing radiation (IR) from pre-natal and post-natal radio-diagnostic procedures and brain cancer risk within the MOBI-kids study. Methods: MOBI-kids is an international (Australia, Austria, Canada, France, Germany, Greece, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Spain, The Netherlands) case-control study including 899 brain tumor (645 neuroepithelial) cases aged 10–24 years and 1,910 sex-, age-, country-matched controls. Medical radiological history was collected through personal interview. We estimated brain IR dose for each procedure, building a look-up table by age and time period. Lifetime cumulative doses were calculated using 2 and 5 years lags from the diagnostic date. Risk was estimated using conditional logistic regression. Neurological, psychological and genetic conditions were evaluated as potential confounders. The main analyses focused on neuroepithelial tumors. Results: Overall, doses were very low, with a skewed distribution (median 0.02 mGy, maximum 217 mGy). ORs for post-natal exposure were generally below 1. ORs were increased in the highest dose categories both for post and pre-natal exposures: 1.63 (95% CI 0.44–6.00) and 1.55 (0.57–4.23), respectively, based on very small numbers of cases. The change in risk estimates after adjustment for medical conditions was modest. Conclusions: There was little evidence for an association between IR from radio-diagnostic procedures and brain tumor risk in children and adolescents. Though doses were very low, our results suggest a higher risk for pre-natal and early life exposure, in line with current evidence.
Acral Cutaneous Ulcerations and Livedo Reticularis with Rapidly Progressive Interstitial Lung Disease in Anti-MDA5 Antibody-Positive Classical Dermatomyositis
Authors: Wongjirattikarn Rachot , Chaowattanapanit Suteeraporn , Choonhakarn Charoen , So-ngern Apichart , Mahakkanukrauh Ajanee , Foocharoen Chingching
Published: March 2020

Rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD) and its distinctive cutaneous features are highly associated with the presence of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (anti-MDA5) antibody in patients with dermatomyositis (DM), leading to a poor prognosis. We describe the case of a 25-year-old man who developed progressive proximal muscle weakness with RP-ILD and had unusual cutaneous findings (cutaneous ulcerations and livedo reticularis) accompanied by classical cutaneous features (heliotrope rash, Gottron’s papules, Gottron’s sign, and flagellate erythema). Blood test was positive for anti-MDA5 antibody. He was treated with intravenous corticosteroids and immunoglobulin, but passed away due to respiratory failure within 1 month after admission. Our case highlights that the presence of cutaneous ulcerations and livedo reticularis, in addition to RP-ILD, are useful clinical clues that may aid in the detection of anti-MDA5 antibody, early initiation of combined immunosuppressants, and prognosis prediction in patients with classical DM.
Lichenoid Keratosis: A Clinical Trap without Secrets for Reflectance Confocal Microscopy
Authors: Mazzilli Sara , Cosio Terenzio , Campione Elena , Gonzalez Salvador , Lanna Caterina , Di Prete Monia , Velasco Virginia , Bianchi Luca
Published: March 2020

Lichenoid keratosis, also defined as benign lichenoid keratosis, was reclassified as lichen planus-like keratosis by Shapiro and Ackerman. Clinical and dermoscopic features of lichen planus-like keratosis can vary, often not providing useful and necessary information to perform an accurate diagnosis without performing a biopsy or histological examination. We describe 2 difficult to detect lichen planus-like keratosis cases in which we performed reflectance confocal microscopy. We underline the usefulness of this noninvasive diagnostic tool in the unclear cases of lichen planus-like keratosis.
Diagnosis of Bloom Syndrome in a Patient with Short Stature, Recurrence of Malignant Lymphoma, and Consanguineous Origin
Authors: Trizuljak Jakub , Petruchová Terezie , Blaháková Ivona , Vrzalová Zuzana , Hořínová Věra , Doubková Martina , Michalka Jozef , Mayer Jiří , Pospíšilová Šárka , Doubek Michael
Published: March 2020

Bloom syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by prenatal and postnatal growth deficiency, photosensitive skin changes, immune deficiency, insulin resistance, and a greatly increased risk of early-onset cancer and development of multiple malignancies. Loss-of-function variants of the BLM gene, which codes for a RecQ helicase, cause Bloom syndrome. We report a consanguineous family, with 2 siblings showing clinical signs of suspected chromosome breakage disorder. One of them developed recurrent malignant lymphoma during lifetime. We performed next-generation sequencing analysis, focusing on cancer predisposition syndromes. We identified a homozygous pathogenic nonsense variant c.1642C>T (p.Gln548*) in the BLM gene in the proband, associated with Bloom syndrome. Sanger sequencing validated the presence of a homozygous pathogenic variant in the proband and also in the brother with short stature. In this article, we will focus on the clinical presentation of the syndrome in this particular family as well as the characteristics of malignancies found in the proband.
Muslim Organisations’ Response to Stigmatisation in the Media
Authors: Kassaye Aida , van Heelsum Anja
Published: March 2020

In the heated media debate on Muslims and Islam, the role of community representatives is understudied. This article will first use original research see to what extent Muslims get the chance to speak out in newspapers in Western Europe, and then demonstrate through findings from interviews how representatives of Muslim organisations operate in the media. We build on Kerstin Rosenow-Williams’s perspectives in combining two features, namely 1) the internal and external role of representatives of Muslim organisations, and 2) the active-passive dimension of responses to prejudice and stigmatisation as suggested in social psychology, and will distinguish three patterns: protest, adaptation and decoupling. Throughout the article, we zoom in on the remarkable dissimilarity between the UK and Germany. The British case shows a larger Muslim presence in the newspapers and the tendency of Muslim representatives to use a protest strategy, while the German case shows a lack of Muslim actors in the newspapers and a tendency of Muslim representatives to use an adaptation strategy.
Biodiversity of the aculeate wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) of the Arabian Peninsula: Chrysidoidea, Embolemidae
Authors: OLMI MASSIMO
Published: March 2020

An updated checklist of the Arabian species of Embolemidae is provided here. The list includes a single species: Embolemus harteni Olmi, 1997. Distributions, both on the Peninsula and extra-limital, are provided; this species is not endemic to the Arabian Peninsula.
Biodiversity of the aculeate wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) of the Arabian Peninsula: Vespoidea, Bradynobaenidae
Authors: GADALLAH NEVEEN S. , BROTHERS DENIS J.
Published: March 2020

An updated checklist of the Arabian species of Bradynobaenidae is provided here. The list includes 40 identified species in four genera and one subfamily: Apterogyninae (Apterogyna, 9 species; Gynecaptera, 1 species; Macroocula, 24 species; Micatagla, 6 species). Distributions, both on the Peninsula and extra-limital, are provided for each species and subspecies; 29 species (73%) are endemic to the Arabian Peninsula.
Biodiversity of the aculeate wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) of the Arabian Peninsula: Vespoidea, Scoliidae
Authors: GADALLAH NEVEEN S. , BROTHERS DENIS J.
Published: March 2020

An updated checklist of the Arabian species of Scoliidae is provided here. The list includes nine identified valid species in four genera and two tribes, all in the subfamily Scoliinae: Campsomerini (2 genera, 3 species) and Scoliini (2 genera, 6 species). Distributions, both on the Peninsula and extra-limital, are provided for each species; two species (22%) are endemic to the Arabian Peninsula. Scolia saudita Gadallah & Brothers, nom. nov. is proposed for Scolia arabica Gadallah, 2004, nec Scolia arabica Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1845.
Biodiversity of the aculeate wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) of the Arabian Peninsula: Apoidea (Spheciformes), Ampulicidae
Authors: GADALLAH NEVEEN S.
Published: March 2020

An updated checklist of the Arabian species of Ampulicidae is provided here. The list includes four identified valid species in three genera and two subfamilies: Ampulicinae (2 genera, 3 species) and Dolichurinae (1 genus, 1 species). Distributions, both on the Peninsula and extra-limital, are provided for each species; of these, one (25%) is confined to the Arabian Peninsula.
Biodiversity of the aculeate wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) of the Arabian Peninsula: Apoidea (Spheciformes), Crabronidae
Authors: GADALLAH NEVEEN S.
Published: March 2020

An updated checklist of the Arabian species of Crabronidae is provided here. The list includes 383 identified valid species in 54 genera and seven subfamilies: Astatinae (3 genera, 16 species), Bembicinae (10 genera, 86 species), Crabroninae (27 genera, 199 species), Dinetinae (1 genus, 3 species), Eremiaspheciinae (2 genera, 7 species), Pemphredoninae (7 genera, 14 species) and Philanthinae (4 genera, 58 species). Distributions, both on the Peninsula and extra-limital, are provided for each species and subspecies; 77 species (20%) are endemic to the Arabian Peninsula, as is one subspecies.
Biodiversity of the aculeate wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) of the Arabian Peninsula: Chrysidoidea, Bethylidae
Authors: GADALLAH NEVEEN S. , AZEVEDO CELSO O. , BROTHERS DENIS J.
Published: March 2020

An updated checklist of the Arabian species of Bethylidae is provided here. The list includes 29 identified valid species in 25 genera and five subfamilies: Bethylinae (2 genera, 0 species), Epyrinae (5 genera, 8 species), Mesitiinae (7 genera, 13 species), Pristocerinae (5 genus, 1 species) and Scleroderminae (6 genera, 7 species). Distributions, both on the Peninsula and extra-limital, are provided for each species; 17 species (59%) are endemic to the Arabian Peninsula.
VolKilau: Volcano Rapid Response Balloon Campaign during the 2018 Kilauea Eruption
Authors: Vernier J.-P. , Kalnajs L. , Diaz J. A. , Reese T. , Corrales E. , Alan A. , Vernier H. , Holland L. , Patel A. , Rastogi N. , Wienhold F. , Carn S. , Krotkov N. , Murray J.
Published: March 2020

After nearly 35 years of stable activity, the Kilauea volcanic system in Hawaii went through sudden changes in May 2018 with the emergence of 20 volcanic fissures along the Lower Eastern Rift Zone (LERZ), destroying 700 homes in Leilani Estates and forcing more than 2,000 people to evacuate. Elevated volcanic emissions lasted for several months between May and September 2018, leading to low visibility and poor air quality in Hawaii and across the western Pacific. The NASA-funded VolKilau mission was rapidly mounted and conducted between 11 and 18 June 2018 to (i) profile volcanic emissions with SO2 and aerosol measurements, (ii) validate satellite observations, and (iii) increase readiness for the next large volcanic eruption. Through a series of balloon-borne measurements with tethered and free-released launches, we measured SO2 concentration, aerosol concentration, and optical properties 60–80 km downwind from the volcanic fissures using gas sensors, optical particle counters, backscatter sondes, and an aerosol impactor. While most of the measurements made during the Kilauea eruption were ground based, the VolKilau mission represented a unique opportunity to characterize plume properties, constrain emission profiles, study early chemistry involving the conversion of SO2 into sulfuric acid, and understand the influence of water clouds in the removal of SO2. This unprecedented combination of measurements has significantly improved our team’s ability to assess the atmospheric and human impacts of a major event such as this.
Is “Whole Child” Education Obsolete? Public School Principals’ Educational Goal Priorities in the Era of Accountability
Authors: Lee Jaekyung , Lee Moosung
Published: March 2020

Objectives: Working under the constraints of external accountability policy, public school principals are faced with challenges in prioritizing educational goals. Using the Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) data sets, this study examined the nature and sources of changes in principals’ educational goal priorities in the era of accountability, including the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). Method: Difference-in-differences method was used to compare the national average trends of educational goal priorities between public and private schools during 1991–2012 period. Comparative interrupted time series method was also used to explore the impact of NCLB accountability policy on those trends across 50 states. At the school level, logistic regression was applied to examine the effect of NCLB Adequate Yearly Progress status on principals’ educational priorities. Results: While academic goals gained traction over the 1991–2012 period, there were setbacks for other goals of education, particularly personal growth and vocational skills. Notably, public schools’ priority changes were more drastic than private schools’ changes. The divergent trends largely persisted after NCLB across the states. On the other hand, public school principals who previously failed to meet NCLB targets gave more emphasis on basic skills and less emphasis on academic excellence and personal growth. Conclusion: Public school principal’s priorities on academic goals have been shaped by test-driven accountability measures, while other equally important goals have been possibly deprioritized. It gives implications for the implementation of the Every Student Succeeds Act, in which educational leaders can redesign accountability systems and incorporate nonacademic measures for whole child education.
The Effect of Intensive Margin Changes to Task Content on Employment Dynamics over the Business Cycle
Authors: Ross Matthew
Published: March 2020

Previous empirical studies investigating the employment impact of technological change have relied on cross-sectional measures of occupational tasks. Here, the author links microdata on individual workers to panel data on occupational tasks while controlling for individual unobservables. In examining the association between routine and abstract tasks and employment transitions, he finds new and economically important evidence that changes to tasks within occupations are strongly related to variation in the transition rates to non-employment and to different occupations. Consistent with recent work focused on technological change during the Great Recession, within-occupation increases in routine tasks are found to increase outgoing transition rates but these effects are concentrated during periods of economic turmoil. The results also show that increases in abstract tasks are associated with decreases in the outgoing transition rates, but this relationship is relatively invariant to business cycle conditions.
The view from the streets
Authors: Hasan Vahisha
Published: March 2020

This article offers a view of the impact of Dr. James Cone’s Black liberation theology on faith-based social action from an orientation of front-line activism of people of faith. The significance of the southern United States and the founding/founders of the Black Lives Matter movement are two examples through which the article explores this impact. Six questions posited by theologian Diana Hayes, as well as the liberatory possibilities in their answers, are crucial for the front-line activism of tomorrow.
God opposes the proud: James Cone, white theologians, and Proverbs 3:34
Authors: Catlin Mark
Published: March 2020

James Cone uses Scripture primarily to defend the liberation of the oppressed as the central metanarrative of the Bible. This article shifts the focus from God’s privileging of the poor to God’s opposition to the oppressor. Using an intertextual analysis of Prov 3:34, the article focuses on God’s opposition to the proud and what that opposition means as an expansion of Cone’s primary biblical thesis.
The new Black Evangelicals
Authors: Potter Ronald Clifton
Published: March 2020

A republication of an article originally included in the 1979 volume, Black Theology: A Documentary History, edited by Gayraud Wilmore and James Cone, this article is an examination of the emergence of a radical Black Evangelicalism within the National Association of Black Evangelicals in the late 1960s and early 1970s. It demonstrates the ways in which Black contributions are often forgotten and marginalized.
Engaging whiteness (more) constructively: Conversations with James Cone and Frederick Herzog on the future of race and class in theology
Authors: Rieger Joerg
Published: March 2020

While Cone often recognizes that his theology lacks a proper treatment of class, he is reluctant to include it as a necessary part of his own theological discourse. Placing Frederick Herzog and James Cone in conversation, this article offers a substantial defense of the importance of considering both in concert as a way forward in unifying the concerns of the oppressed while putting to productive use their differences, and as a way of opening up dialogue between black and white theologians on the question of liberation.
Womanish and sassy: Remembrance, retelling, and liberation of her (Matthew 26:6–13)
Authors: Blair Yvette R.
Published: March 2020

This article examines the story of the unnamed woman in Matt 26:6–13 through the lens of womanist theology and Black liberation theology. By encountering the text through the experiences of Black women, womanist theology dismantles patriarchy, unmutes the woman’s voice, liberates her, and redefines an epistemology that is healing, restorative, and transformative. Readers are invited to explore how her sass and womanish behavior were critical in her ministry of anointing and preparing Jesus for his impending burial. Jesus endorses and acts as a co-liberator in the woman’s freedom, declaring that her story would forever be remembered and retold.
Construction of racism: The challenges and opportunities for promoting justice and modeling race-transcending societies
Authors: Oladipo Caleb O.
Published: March 2020

Racism has no scientific basis or definition. It is a learned behavior that puts one group of people above all others. Racism puts a burden on the society that artificially crafted it, and it suffocates the Church infected by its ideology. The Church can overcome racism by more intentionally creating a beloved community that transcends the pillars that sustain racist theories. Christians and non-Christians are responsible to promote the enduring values that have defined humanity, such as generosity, kindness, perseverance, and humility. Incidental characteristics, such as the color or tone of one’s skin, when highlighted, insidiously give an unfair advantage to one group over another. The psychological damage caused by racist ideology can become inconsequential when the Church takes the risk to become a beacon for the promotion of justice. If the Church fails to overcome racism and neglects the role of becoming the champion of a beloved community and nurturing a race-transcending society, the Church has lost its heritage and its hope.
Reforming Responses to the Challenges of Judicial Incapacity
Authors: Lynch Andrew , Blackham Alysia
Published: March 2020

Judicial incapacity, while under-researched, presents unique challenges for supporting and responding to issues of judicial performance. In this article, we argue for a reconceptualisation of this topic based on contemporary theories of socially-constructed disability and principles of anti-discrimination law. While assisting and supporting judicial officers who are attempting to work with a disability or ongoing health issue will always be complex, this reconceptualisation offers heads of jurisdiction, conduct commissions and parliamentarians, who retain the ultimate sanction of removal, the opportunity to craft a surer guide for handling cases of incapacity. This will not only better serve the individual concerned, affording them greater agency and dignity than has traditionally been the case, but also protect the principle of judicial independence.
Disabled Lives in Deliberative Systems
Authors: Afsahi Afsoun
Published: March 2020

This essay argues that the systemic turn in deliberative democracy has opened up avenues to think about disabled citizenship within discursive processes. I highlight the systemic turn’s recognition of the interdependence of individuals and institutions upon each other in a system as key to this project. This recognition has led to three transformations: (1) a more generous account of deliberative speech acts and behaviors; (2) recognition of the role of enclaves; and (3) incorporating the role of discursive representatives. These changes normalize the participation of cognitively disabled individuals and suggest institutional opportunities for more effective participation.
Challenge Stressors, Work Engagement, and Affective Commitment Among Chinese Public Servants
Authors: Jiang Qingzhi , Lee Hyeongkwon , Xu Dapeng
Published: March 2020

Drawing on the transactional theory of stress and the person–situation interactionist perspective, we theorize that the indirect effect of challenge stressors on affective commitment through work engagement is moderated by the joint effects of core self-evaluations and perceived organizational support. In a sample of 226 Chinese public servants, we tested a new moderated moderated (three-way) mediation model using structural equation modeling. Our results show that challenge stressors positively influence work engagement, which has a significant positive effect on affective commitment. Moreover, the indirect effect of challenge stressors is maximized when both perceived organizational support and core self-evaluations are high.
City of Dog
Authors: Ottewill-Soulsby Sam
Published: March 2020

To be fully human in the Greco-Roman world was to be a member of a city. This is unsurprising as cities were the building blocks of Greek and Roman culture and society. The urban landscape of post-Roman Western Europe looked dramatically different, with smaller, less economically diverse cities which played a smaller role in administration. Despite this, Greco-Roman ideas of humans as city-beings remained influential. This article explores this by investigating early medieval descriptions of cynocephali, which sought to determine whether the dog-headed men were human or not. Accounts of the cynocephali that presented them as human showed them living in urban settlements, whereas in reports of non-human cynocephali there are no cities. In exploring interactions between cynocephali and urban settings through ethnographic portrayals and hagiography, this article traces the lingering importance of the city for concepts of humanity.
Too Famous to Protest: Far-Right Online Community Bonding Over Collective Desecration of Colin Kaepernick, Fame, and Celebrity Activism
Authors: Duvall Spring-Serenity
Published: March 2020

In 2016, National Football League (NFL) quarterback Colin Kaepernick began a high-profile protest of police brutality and mass incarceration that prompted outrage among far-right communities and media. Given the prominence and significance of Kaepernick’s protest, it is vital to study the far-right social media backlash that propelled boycotts of the NFL, drove news cycles, and positioned celebrity athletes as too privileged to protest oppression. My research is grounded in celebrity studies theory, sport media scholarship, and critical race theory. In this article, I establish the history of systemic racism in the United States that lingers in the microcosm of the NFL and sports media’s racist treatment of players; I then explore scholarship on celebrity, race, and power that provide a foundation for analyzing Kaepernick’s protest and the effort to desecrate his celebrity. Analysis of online far-right communities shows that Kaepernick functions as a target for collective far-right outrage, a focal point around which commenters could explore and define their common values, grievances, and identities.
Publication and Citation Analysis of Medical Doctors’ Residency Master’s Theses Involving Animal Experiments on Rats in Turkey
Authors: Kinikoğlu Oğuzcan , Güven Yağmur Ö. , Kilboz Bekir B.
Published: March 2020

The number of non-human animals used in research has increased in line with advances in medical technology, although it has previously been shown that these experiments demonstrate poor human utility. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of animal studies on rats that were performed as part of medical doctors’ residency master’s theses prepared in Turkey between January 2006 and December 2015. The number of thesis-derived published papers from each year, as well as the subsequent citation rate of these papers, was determined. Results from 34% of the 656 analysed studies (226/656) were published as papers in PubMed-indexed journals. These 226 studies got 1803 subsequent citations in total. Citation counts were statistically significantly different in 2009 and 2010, as compared to 2011, 2013, 2014 and 2015. Previous studies showed that the usual main objective for carrying out animal studies in Turkey was the preparation of a thesis or the furthering of an academic career (i.e. personal self-interest). In the current study, the publication rate and the number of subsequent citations of these thesis-derived papers were both low, and thus, the contribution of these animal studies to scientific progress is doubtful. It is recommended that institutional research ethics committees should be much more highly selective in approving the use of animals for the purposes of student thesis preparation.
“I want to … let my country shine”: Nationalism, development, and the geographies of beauty
Authors: Elledge Annie M , Faria Caroline
Published: March 2020

There is little geographic work on beauty. Yet beauty offers important insights into spatial, geopolitical, and geoeconomic processes. In this article, we attend to the powerful role of beauty labor, norms, and practices in national development. We center the Miss Tourism Uganda beauty pageant, held annually since 2011, and the centerpiece of tourism-based development in Uganda. Designed to attract foreign visitors and investors and to promote a sense of nationalist pride among Ugandans, the pageant-as-development strategy is increasingly mirrored across the neoliberalized Global South. This approach relies on young women’s beauty labor: the work of self-improvement via intimate beauty technologies, and the intellectual work of learning and showcasing a beautiful, idealized, national imaginary. This labor is physically, emotionally, and financially demanding, and is largely unremunerated. Yet, it is lucratively exploited to promote local and international corporate brands, generate tourism revenue, and attract foreign investment. Despite this, pageant participants and organizers find creative and collaborative strategies to navigate these demands. As part of our efforts to fashion a “geographies of beauty”, this article argues that the power of beauty, and specifically the labor of beauty, is central to understanding contemporary tourism-centered development efforts.