bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of boron carbide reinforcement on properties of stainless-steel metal matrix composite for nuclear applications
Authors: Van Dong Pham , Phan Nguyen Huu , Patil Santosh , Shirguppikar Shailesh , Kalel Sudarshan , Thanh Le Thi Phuong , Hien Do Minh
Published: July 2022

Stainless steel (SS304) is a widely used material in underwater nuclear applications due to its superior corrosion resistance and high strength. Along with these superior properties, the application demands neutron absorption and high wear resistance under dynamic operations. The ceramic reinforcements help to enhance these properties of metal alloy with a suitable composite design. The present work deals with the development of high wear-resistant and radiation (nuclear) tolerant boron carbide (B4C)–SS 304 composite material. SS304 metal matrix with 0–5 vol% of B4C ceramic reinforcement is produced by powder metallurgy technique. The presence of reinforcement was confirmed with X-ray diffraction analysis. Properties such as density, hardness, and water absorption are measured. A pin-on-disc tribology study is conducted to evaluate the coefficient of friction and wear of developed compositions at a sliding distance of 200 m, contact load of 10 N, and sliding speed of 1 and 5 m/s under dry lubrication conditions. The lowest density of 2.96 g/cc was noted for 15% B4C-reinforced composite as compared to the density of SS304 metal matrix (5.71 g/cc). The water absorption capacity of the composite was increased with percentage reinforcement, and it was found 62% higher than the unreinforced matrix. The hardness of composite increases with B4C particle reinforcement and maximum microhardness of 153 HV was measured for 15 vol% reinforced composites. Wear and coefficient of friction decrease with an increase in the percentage of B4C particles. At 15 vol% of B4C in the composite, lowest wear (1.91 mm3@1 m/s and 2.51 mm3@5 m/s) and COF (0.021@1 m/s and 0.042@5 m/s) were observed. This suggests that the developed composite can be effectively used in low-pressure–high-speed nuclear applications.
Analyzing Force-Time Curves: Comparison of Commercially Available Automated Software and Custom MATLAB Analyses
Authors: Merrigan Justin J. , Stone Jason D. , Galster Scott M. , Hagen Joshua A.
Published: July 2022

Merrigan, JJ, Stone, JD, Galster, SM, and Hagen, JA. Analyzing force-time curves: Comparison of commercially available automated software and custom MATLAB analyses. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2387–2402, 2022—With the growing prevalence of commercial force plate solutions providing automated force-time curve analysis, it is critical to understand the level of agreement across techniques. Thus, this study directly compared commercial and custom software analyses across force-time curves. Twenty-four male and female subjects completed 6 trials of countermovement, squat, and drop jumps, and isometric mid-thigh pulls on the same force plate. Vertical ground reaction forces were analyzed by automated software from Vald Performance, Hawkin Dynamics, and custom MATLAB scripts. Trials were visually assessed to verify proper landmark identifications. Systematic and proportional bias among analyses were compared via least products regressions, Bland-Altman plots, and percent error. Hawkin Dynamics had subtle differences in analysis procedures and demonstrated low percent errors across all tests (<3% error), despite demonstrating systematic and proportional bias for several metrics. ForceDecks demonstrated larger percent differences and greater biases for several metrics. These errors likely result from different identification of movement initiation, system weight, and integration techniques, which causes error to subsequent landmark identifications (e.g., braking/propulsive phases) and respective force-time metrics. Many metrics were in agreement between devices, such as isometric mid-thigh pull peak force consistently within 1 N across analyses, but some metrics are difficult and incomparable across software analyses (i.e., rate of force development). Overall, many metrics were in agreement across each commercial software and custom MATLAB analyses after visually confirming landmarks. However, because of inconsistencies, it is important to only compare metrics that are in agreement across software analyses when absolutely necessary.
Autonomic Nervous System Indices of Player Readiness During Elite-Level Rugby Union Game-Week Microcycles
Authors: Grainger Adam , Heffernan Shane , Waldrom Mark , Sawczuk Thomas
Published: July 2022

Grainger, A, Heffernan, S, Waldrom, M, and Sawczuk, T. Autonomic nervous system indices of player readiness during elite-level rugby union game-week microcycles. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2022—Elite-level rugby union (RU) is a high-intensity contact sport that involves large training and match volumes across a season, which can lead to postmatch fatigue. Autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulation and perceived fatigue have been suggested to relate to measures of training and match load in RU. However, there have been no studies to assess specific ANS variables in elite RU during in-season microcycles. Player readiness during game-week microcycles was measured via heart rate variability (HRV) indices, direct current potential and self-reported well-being among 13, elite, male RU players. To enable comparison, data collection days were categorized in relation to their proximity to match day, ranging from match day minus 3 (MD − 3), to match day plus 3 (MD + 3). Differences between match days were evaluated using general linear models and Cohen's d effect sizes. There were significant differences between MD and MD + 1 for ANS indices (RMSSD p = 0.04, d = −0.66, 95% CI 0.11–1.20; the standard deviation of NN intervals p = 0.04, d = −0.66, 95% CI 0.12–1.20; total power p = 0.05, d = −0.65, 95% CI 0.11–1.20) and wellness measures (readiness p = 0.18; d = −2.33, 95% CI, 1.54–3.13; energy p = 0.02; d = −2.24, 95% CI 1.44–3.03; soreness p = 0.00; d = −2.42, 95% CI 1.63–3.23). Match day plus 3 effects were significantly greater than MD + 1 in several ANS responses, with wellness recovering at a slower time-course than ANS responses. Measures of HRV are dysregulated postmatch, but based on their rapid recovery thereafter, using HRV to assess readiness of elite-level players in RU across a weekly microcycle could be limited and requires further investigation.
Flexural Strengthening of Normal Strength Plain Concrete Beams using Ultra-High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete Strips
Authors: Ali Ashti Sedeeq , Rafiq Serwan Khorsheed , Karim Dr. Ferhad Rahim
Published: July 2022

In recent years, the strengthening of reinforced concrete elements in existing structures has become a very important interest topic because of the demand for development structures and extending their service life. Since the ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete properties in terms of durability and strength are fully exploited, it became early in the rehabilitation and strengthening field. This paper highlights the flexural behavior of small-scale plain normal strength concrete beam strengthened in flexure by ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete strips at the tensile surface by adhesive epoxy material to evaluate and quantify the effect on strength in flexure. Experimental results indicated that the ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete strengthening strips enhanced the flexural capacity and stiffness of the normal strength concrete substrate by 369%, 364%, and 168% at crack load and 364%, 232%, and 127% at ultimate load for concrete grades 20.8, 32.6 and 43.3 MPa respectively, delayed the crack development corresponding to apply load more than 0.37, 0.97 and 1.25 kN for strips thickness 10, 15 and 20 mm respectively in all grades of concrete beam and improved beams' ductility behavior. The main important point that affects the performance of flexural strengthening concrete beams using adhesive material is the quality of the interfacial transition bonded zone of the composite system produced between the strengthening material and the existing concrete substrate.
The Civilization of Sandur Watch’s Transcendence in the Age of Globalization
Authors: Hidajad Arif , Zulaeha Ida , Sahid Nur , Cahyono Agus
Published: July 2022

This research departs from the background that Sandur has a form of sublimation of transcendent normativity values conveyed through folk theater products. The main focus of the problem’s formulation in this study is to analyze the symbol system in Sandur, which is to connect to the meaning of transcendence normativity to be associated with the area of civilized society in the era of globalization. The aim is to prove the existence of the normative meaning of transcendence from the symbol system of Sandur’s spectacle and to implement the meaning of the normativity of the transcendence of Sandur as an effort to civilize society to face the negativity of globalization. The analysis in this study was carried out using descriptive qualitative methods through observation, interviews, documentation, and literature, then described based on the concept of Clifford Geertz’s interpretive anthropology. The results obtained in this study are (1) the symbol system in Sandur’s rituals, scenes, and songs has a transcendent normativity in the form of Mutmainah’s attitude and Beyond meaning, as a network of interactions and relationships in the vertical and horizontal dimensions, and (2) the transcendence civilization of Sandur’s spectacle in the era of globalization through Beyond meanings and attitudes Mutmainah to face the negative culture of globalization that allows the occurrence of cultural and moral decadence. The problem that becomes the focus of the transcendence civilization of Sandur’s spectacle in this study is not rejecting the achievement of globalization progress but rather an attempt to internalize the values in the sign of globalization to maintain the mentality of cultural ecstasy of the people born of transcendence normativity.
Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.): Source of Ideas Behind the Semarang Batik Motifs to Strengthen Local Cultural Identity
Authors: Syakir Syakir , Sobandi Bandi , Fathurrahman Moh. , Isa Badrul , Anggraheni Dini , Verayanti R. Sri
Published: July 2022

Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.), a type of tropical plant that grows in Indonesia has various benefits and has been widely studied by various disciplines. The study of Tamarind as a source of ideas for art creation, on the other hand, has not been widely carried out. The aims of this study are: (1) To explain the process of creating Semarang batik motifs using the idea of Tamarind through the stylization of forms; (2) to analyze the shape of the Tamarind batik motif to strengthen the identity of Semarang’s local culture. This study uses a qualitative approach with phenomenological methods to examine phenomena related to the creation process and the uniqueness of locality-based batik motifs on batik artisans in Semarang City. The data collection techniques used were observation, in-depth interviews, and document studies. The data that has been collected was analyzed interactively through data reduction, presentation, and conclusions with the scope of analysis in intra-aesthetic and extra-aesthetic studies. The results showed that: (1) Tamarind is a typical plant that is closely related to the toponym of the city of Semarang so it becomes a source of ideas for the creation of locality-based batik motifs through the stylization technique by Semarang batik artisans; (2) Visualization of the shape of the Tamarind batik motif that has been produced shows the diversity and uniqueness of the form as an aesthetic expression of the batik artisan in responding to the beauty of the natural and socio-cultural environment in Semarang City according to the level of knowledge and aesthetic experience. This research contributes to the batik artisan in exploring the diversity of local plant species as a source of ideas for creating environmentally-based batik motifs to strengthen the value of local cultural identity.
The novel use of urinary androgens to optimise detection of the fertile window in giant pandas
Authors: Wilson Kirsten S , Li Desheng , Valentine Iain , McNeilly Alan , Girling Simon , Li Rengui , Zhou Yingmin , Vanhaecke Lynn , Colin Duncan W , Wauters Jella
Published: July 2022

Graphical abstract

Giant pandas are mono-estrus seasonal breeders, with the breeding season typically occurring in the spring. Successful fertilization is followed by an embryonic diapause, of variable length, with birth in the late summer/autumn. There is a need for additional understanding of giant panda reproductive physiology, and the development of enhanced biomarkers for impending proestrus and peak fertility. We aimed to determine the utility of non-invasive androgen measurements in the detection of both proestrus and estrus. Urine from 20 cycles (−40 days to +10 days from peak estrus) from 5 female giant pandas was analyzed for estrogen, progestogens and androgens (via testosterone and DHEA assays), and hormone concentrations were corrected against urinary specific gravity. Across proestrus, estrogens increased while progestogens and androgens decreased – at the point of entry into proestrus, androgens (as detected by the testosterone assay) decreased prior to progestogens and gave 4 days advanced warning of proestrus. At the time of peak estrus, androgens (as detected by the DHEA assay) were significantly increased at the time of the decrease in estrogen metabolites from the peak, acting as an alternative confirmatory indicator of the fertile window. This novel finding allows for enlargement of the preparative window for captive breeding and facilitates panda management within breeding programmes. Androgens allow an enhanced monitoring of giant panda estrus, not only advancing the warning of impending proestrus, but also prospectively identifying peak fertility.

Lay summary

Giant pandas have one chance at pregnancy per year. The 2-day fertile window timing varies by year and panda. This is monitored by measuring the level of estrogens in the urine, which increase, indicating an upcoming fertile period. After 1–2 weeks of increase, estrogens peak and fall, marking the optimal fertile time. We tested other hormones to see if we can predict the fertile window in advance, and the specific fertile time with more accuracy. In 20 breeding seasons from 5 females, we found androgens, usually thought of as male hormones, had an important role. Testosterone gives 4 days advanced warning of estrogens increasing. DHEA identified peak estrogen and the fertile time before needing to see a confirmed decrease in estrogen itself. Therefore, androgens help improve monitoring of the giant panda breeding season, giving early warning of fertility, key in facilitating captive breeding and giant panda conservation.
Evaluación de la sustentabilidad de sistemas frutihortícolas con bases agroecológicas: exploraciones en el Sudeste Bonaerense, Argentina
Authors: Zulaica María Laura , Molpeceres María Celeste , Rouvier Silvia Marisa , Cendón María Laura , Barral María Paula
Published: July 2022

In line with the social and environmental impacts derived from conventional production models, questions regarding the sustainability of agri-food systems are emerging worldwide. In this context, in the Buenos Aires Province (Argentina), especially in the southeast sector, alternative production experiences are gaining more and more relevance. Based on the 10 elements of agroecology—recognized by the FAO—this paper proposes a set of indicators to evaluate the sustainability of fruit and vegetable systems with agroecological bases in the District of General Pueyrredon and the area to provide inputs for decision making. The results obtained pose the challenge of advancing in participatory evaluations. It is expected that the study conducted will contribute to the sustainability of the region's agrifood systems.
Estudio de caso: desplazamiento involuntario planificado: un acercamiento a la restitución de los medios de vida en el reasentamiento involuntario de Arenal, Tilarán, Guanacaste, Costa Rica
Authors: Ávila Vargas Gabriela
Published: July 2022

Costa Rica developed the Arenal hydroelectric megaproject in the 1970s to solve an energy problem. The proposed designs involved the involuntary displacement of 2,500 people. The Arenal community with the highest population density was analyzed. In the programs offered at the resettlement site, the objective was to identify the capital assets reached and their effect to counteract the risk of the population's impoverishment. A qualitative analysis of secondary sources was conducted, and experts were interviewed. Over time, the resettled population (325 families) managed to recover their livelihoods by 83.11%, highly offsetting the risks of impoverishment. Recovering the economy and stabilizing it took time. They tried to replicate various agricultural models without success. However, based on the programs provided during the resettlement, from 1990 onwards, they carried out economic activities linked to tourism in a sustained manner that allowed them stability.
Análisis espacial de los cambios de uso de suelo, vegetación y cuerpos de agua en el estado de Nayarit, México, 1993-2014
Authors: Moreno-González Isaías , Pineda-Jaimes Noel Bonfilio , Manzano-Solís Luis Ricardo , Némiga Xanat Antonio
Published: July 2022

Para comprender plenamente la dinámica de cambio de uso de suelo es necesario investigar el cambio neto, los intercambios y las transiciones que ocurren entre categorías de uso del suelo. Por ello, esta investigación explora las tendencias espaciales y temporales de los cambios de uso del suelo, la vegetación y los cuerpos de agua en el estado de Nayarit. Para hacerlo, las series II y IV de INEGI fueron validadas en campo, remuestreadas y sobrepuestas en TerrSet GIS para calcular la matriz de cambio y a partir de ella estimar las pérdidas, las ganancias el cambio neto, así como el cambio total y el intercambio entre categorías. Los resultados indican que, de las 2 783 572.50 hectáreas de la superficie total, el 58.06% no sufrió ningún cambio, mientras que el 41.94% presentó algún cambio en la ocupación del suelo, del cual 15.42% corresponde a intercambios entre las categorías y 26,.52% es un cambio neto. La categoría que ganó más proporción del territorio fue la agricultura; que en 1993 ocupaba el 18.17% y en 2014 pasó al 22.14%. Por el contrario, la selva baja disminuyó de 20.82% a 13.76% durante el mismo período.
Propuesta de umbrales críticos de precipitaciones detonantes de procesos de remoción en masa, caso de estudio: Estado de México
Authors: Valdés Fernández Carlos Lázaro , Baró Suárez José Emilio , Flores Olvera Patricia , Franco Plata Roberto
Published: July 2022

This research focuses on the study of precipitation triggering mass movement processes (MMP) to propose critical thresholds for early warning purposes in areas with the highest recurrence in the State of Mexico. An inventory of MMP was generated so that, once the events were located and the rain gauges were selected, the rain parameters to be plotted were recorded (daily and three-day accumulated rainfall, respectively). The inventory resulted in spotting 140 landslides, concentrated in three main areas of the state. A minimum threshold, a maximum threshold, and an intermediate threshold are proposed, based on daily and three-day accumulated rainfall values. These indicate a daily rainfall range between 52 and 105 millimeters capable of triggering some MMP in conditions of absent accumulated rain. On the other hand, a trend is observed in which the higher the accumulated rainfall values are, the lower the amount of daily rainfall to trigger an event of this type will be needed.
El hegelianismo como filosofía familiar: Hegel leído por Jacques Derrida
Authors: Macho Román Ramón
Published: July 2022

Resumen: De todas las respuestas posibles a la pregunta «¿Qué relación guarda la filosofía de Hegel con lo femenino?» la de Jacques Derrida es seguramente una de las más extrañas que quepa imaginar: se trata, dice, de una relación de identidad. Según Derrida, el movimiento de relevo que organiza todo el Sistema —la Aufhebung— es femenino, y ello en el sentido mismo que Hegel da a la feminidad. La interpretación del hegelianismo que fundamenta esta respuesta constituye lo esencial de Glas —un libro extraño, difícil y poco estudiado— o al menos de su columna izquierda, dedicada, como es sabido, a la familia de Hegel. Nuestro objetivo en estas páginas es reconstruir dicha interpretación, establecer sus límites y aportar así algo de luz a la cuestión del papel que desempeña la mujer en la filosofía hegeliana.
Inborn Errors of Metabolism: Becoming Ready for Rare
Authors: Vergano Samantha A. Schrier
Published: July 2022

Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are a large group of disorders that can present in any age group and must be considered in the differential diagnosis for a variety of signs and symptoms appearing in infants and children. The rarity and complexity of these conditions often make them difficult to recognize, as they may mimic more common conditions. This review article discusses some of the more commonly presenting IEMs that are important for the general pediatrician to understand when evaluating a sick patient. Many of these diseases are also on the newborn screen, which pediatricians often encounter as first-line providers. Disorders that are discussed in detail herein include disorders of amino acid metabolism, including amino acidopathies and organic acidurias; urea cycle disorders; defects in fatty acid β-oxidation; disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, including the glycogen storage diseases and galactosemia; and lysosomal storage diseases.
Covid-19 pandemisinde fizyoterapistlerin telerehabilitasyon uygulamaları bariyer ve fasilitatörlerinin incelenmesi
Authors: TİMURTAŞ Eren , POLAT Mine Gülden
Published: July 2022

Amaç: Telerehabilitasyon, rehabilitasyon hizmetlerinin bilgi ve iletişim teknolojisi aracılığıyla uzaktan sunumu olarak tanımlanmaktadır. COVID-19 pandemisi ve artmış bulaş riski fizyoterapi kliniklerinde telerehabilitasyon kullanımını zorunlu hale getirmiştir. Çalışmamızın amacı COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında fizyoterapistlerin telerehabilitasyon uygulamalarındaki bariyer ve fasilitatörlerinin belirlenmesiydi.Yöntem: Çalışmamız Ekim-Aralık 2021 tarihleri arasında İstanbul ilinde kliniklerde telerehabilitasyon uygulayan 99 (%46,9) kadın, 112 (%53,1) erkek, yaş ortalaması 29,9±6,7 yıl, çalışma süresi ortalaması 6,9±6,7 yıl olan toplam 211 fizyoterapist ile gerçekleştirildi. Fizyoterapistlerin telerehabilitasyon uygulamaları ile ilgili tutum ve davranışları Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) kılavuzu yönergelerine göre hazırlanan 31 madde ile sorgulandı. Veri analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, açıklayıcı faktör analizi kullanıldı.Bulgular: Çalışma tanımlayıcı kesitsel tipte tasarlanmıştır. TDF kılavuzuna göre belirlenen maddelerin faktör analizi sonucunda 6 boyutta 25 madde belirlendi. TDF anketi açıklayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda KMO örneklem yeterliliği değeri 0,863 puan ile “çok iyi” olarak değerlendirilirken, Cronbach alfa değeri 0,91 olarak belirlendi. Fizyoterapistlerin telerehabilitasyon uygulamalarına yönelik tutumuna etki eden en güçlü fasilitatör 3,81±0,91 ortalama ile “Telerehabilitasyon uygulamaları toplum sağlığına fayda sağlar.” en güçlü bariyer ise 2,11±1,19 ortalama ile “Telerehabilitasyonun nasıl uygulandığı konusunda eğitim aldım” maddesiydi.Sonuç: TDF teorik çerçevesinde hazırlanan ölçeğin telerehabilitasyon uygulamalarının fizyoterapistler tarafından tutum ve davranışının değerlendirilmesinde önemli bir araç olacağı düşünülmektedir. TDF kılavuzu ile hazırlanan ölçeğimiz aracılığıyla belirlenen beceriler, hedefler, çevresel kaynaklar ve sosyal etkilere yönelik bariyerlerin saptanması telerehabilitasyon eğitimlerinin içeriğinin belirlenmesine katkı sunacaktır.
Evaluative Models of the Image of Russia in the American Social Consciousness: sociophilosophical analysis
Authors: Somkin Aleksandr A. , Somkina Alla N.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The interest of researchers in studying the features of the axiological modification of the image of Russia in foreign media is due to the growing conflict political situation around our country. The purpose of this article is to determine the specifics of evaluative modeling of Russia’s image in the American media in a situation of a deepening crisis in relations between countries. The specificity of media discourse lies in the fact that its creator directly addresses the public, which makes it possible to fully realize the function of influence, including manipulative, by choosing certain methods of presenting and evaluative coloring (for example, metaphorization of an image) of information that determines its perception and evaluation addressee.

Results. The main conclusion regarding the presentation of the image of Russia in the American media selected for analysis is that most of the American media discourse is united in creating a negative image of Russia. The media texts clearly show bias in positioning our country as a dangerous, insidious and aggressive state in which an authoritarian style of government is implemented. This attitude is expressed in the key metaphorical constructs (“monarchy”, “theater”, “war”, “game”, “beast”, “crime”) identified in the course of the study, the regular reproduction of which in the Western media reinforces the “black” image of our countries in the minds of the audience.
Estrés como factor de riesgo en el rendimiento académico en el estudiantado universitario (Puno, Perú)
Authors: Calatayud Mendoza Alfredo Pelayo , Apaza Mamani Edson , Huaquisto Ramos Edilberto , Belizario Quispe German , Inquilla Mamani Juan
Published: July 2022

El objetivo fue determinar si el estrés se constituye como un factor de riesgo en el rendimiento académico del estudiantado universitario durante el periodo de la pandemia de Covid-19 en Puno Perú. El estudio es de enfoque cuantitativo de tipo correlacional. El estrés se midió mediante la construcción del índice aditivo de Patients Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) y mediante el análisis factorial de componentes principales a partir de PHQ-9, y el riesgo académico se estimó con el método de regresión probit; la muestra consistió en un grupo de 1046 estudiantes de nivel universitario de tres programas de estudio. Los resultados muestran que el estudiantado que experimenta mayor nivel de estrés se encuentra más propenso a reportar un empeoramiento en sus calificaciones y logros de aprendizaje durante el tiempo de pandemia. Se evidencia que un aumento en una unidad adicional de estrés, aumenta el riesgo de deterioro de rendimiento académico aproximadamente en 3 %.
La enseñanza de la estadística para la investigación: algunas recomendaciones reflexionadas desde de la praxis
Authors: Roque Hernández Ramón Ventura
Published: July 2022

Este ensayo presenta, desde la práctica y desde la experiencia de la persona autora, cinco aspectos recomendables que pueden contribuir a mejorar las experiencias de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la estadística para la investigación, objeto de este trabajo. Estos se resumen en: 1) presentar la estadística con una orientación a la investigación, no a las matemáticas; 2) enfocar la formación en la población investigadora y en las necesidades y decisiones que esta debe tomar; 3) reducir el uso de tablas estadísticas; 4) apoyarse en software estadístico; y 5) contextualizar la estadística como parte de una realidad entrelazada, multifacética y compleja. Estos cinco aspectos se sustentan en la literatura y en las recomendaciones de la Asociación Americana de Estadística. Se concluye que la estadística es una herramienta importante y útil para las comunidades investigadoras, que día a día se enfrentan a diversos retos al intentar estudiar los fenómenos sociales de un mundo complejo por naturaleza.
Percepción del profesorado de química de la transición al modelo de enseñanza en línea, durante la emergencia mundial debida al COVID-19 en 2020-2021
Authors: Corrales González Yorleni
Published: July 2022

La presente investigación analiza la perspectiva del profesorado en química, ante el cambio a un modelo de enseñanza 100 % en línea, que ha resultado como adaptación de la emergencia por el COVID-19. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante dos encuestas a 32 profesores y profesoras de nivel universitario, la primera en mayo del 2020 y la segunda en enero del 2021, con el objetivo de contrastar los posibles cambios de percepción después de casi un año de experiencia en la enseñanza virtual. Entre los principales resultados obtenidos, se encuentran el aumento de confianza de las y los docentes en la adaptación de sus cursos y la utilización de tecnologías virtuales en la enseñanza remota. Además de la aparición de un sentimiento de insatisfacción pedagógica que tiene el profesorado con respecto al desarrollo de una educación virtual y la posibilidad de que sus estudiantes no estén aprendiendo lo suficiente en comparación con las clases presenciales, sin embargo, se pudo concluir que debido a la pandemia y la necesidad de una rápida adaptación al modelo de enseñanza remoto, la implementación y capacitación de las personas docentes en el uso de las tecnologías de información y comunicación mejoró significativamente. Se recomienda notar la oportunidad de mejora a futuro que ha representado la implementación de estas tecnologías novedosas en la educación y el cambio metodológico en la enseñanza que ha comenzado gracias a estas.
A Sötét Triád személyiségvonások mint a gyors életmenet-stratégiák indikátorai: A korai stresszhatások, a kedvezőtlen körülményekhez való alkalmazkodás hatása a személyiségfejlődésre
Authors: Birkás Béla , Csathó Árpád
Published: July 2022

Az élettörténet-elmélet szerint a gyermekkorban tapasztalt különböző környezeti (ökológiai és/vagy társadalmi) feltételekhez való alkalmazkodást a legkülönbözőbb tulajdonságok széles skálája szabályozza, ami különböző viselkedési stratégiákat eredményez. A kiszámíthatatlan és zord körülmények általában gyorsabb élettörténeti stratégiákat eredményeznek, amelyeket a korai érés, a nagyszámú, de alacsony kötődéssel jellemezhető szexuális kapcsolat és az utódokkal szembeni alacsonyabb szülői támogatás jellemez. A kiszámíthatatlanság és a zord körülmények nemcsak a szociális és érzelmi működésre vannak hatással, hanem olyan személyiségvonások kialakulását is elősegíthetik, melyek a társas kapcsolatok nagyobb mértékű instabilitásához vezethetnek, illetve az önzőbb viselkedési formáknak kedveznek. Hasonlóképpen, a negatív, traumatikus gyermekkori tapasztalatok, mint például a rossz szülői bánásmód vagy az intenzív szülő-gyermek konfliktus befolyásolja a személyiségfejlődést, és bizalmatlan, rosszindulatú interperszonális stílust eredményezhet. A jelen rövid áttekintés célja, hogy összefoglalja a kora életkori negatív élményeknek a személyiségfejlődésre és a gyors élettörténeti stratégiákra gyakorolt hatásával kapcsolatos eredményeket. Azzal, hogy megmutatjuk, hogy e két területen párhuzamosságok vannak, például a kedvezőtlen környezeti feltételekhez való alkalmazkodásban, reméljük, hogy megfelelő kiindulópontot és elméleti keretet szolgáltathatunk a személyiségvonások és személyiségfunkciók ultimatív és proximatív szinteken történő átfogó megismeréséhez és az erre irányuló jövőbeli vizsgálatoknak.
The Harmony Pattern through Huma Betang Culture of the Dayak Communities in Central Kalimantan
Authors: Nofandi Adang , Naim Ngainun , Hutapea Rinto Hasiholan
Published: July 2022

Indonesia is somewhat affluent with conflict experiences due to differences in various backgrounds. The poorly managed religious, tribal, and cultural heterogeneities have become threats. Accordingly, the harmony amid heterogeneity in Central Kalimantan has become an interesting phenomenon. The harmony has fairly solid foundations, and one of them is the cultural base. This article aims to explore the cultural base that has become the foundation for the creation of harmony and the interaction between the community leaders in building harmony. The method used was qualitative-descriptive using empirical and normative approaches. The data was collected through observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation. They were further analyzed by using Miles and Huberman’s models. This article found that huma betang has become a fairly solid cultural base in preserving community harmony. The interaction between community leaders, religious leaders, and indigenous leaders has become a supporting factor to maintain harmony in Central Kalimantan. This article is still limited to cultural harmony. Therefore, it calls for other perspectives to further enrich and deepen the study.
Living Work Ethics of Muslim Entrepreneurs in Tasikmalaya City, Indonesia
Authors: Rosyad Rifki , Mardani Dede Aji , Ali Wan Zailan Kamaruddin Wan
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to analyze Muslim entrepreneurs' work ethic who can directly contribute to the City's economic growth where they live, namely Tasikmalaya City of West Java of Indonesia. The City is a religious city, so its residents, including business people, base their lives on Islam. Numerous Islamic education institutions are enormous and continue to increase yearly; it is also characterized by regional regulations that impose Islamic law in the City. This study used a qualitative method with an anthropological approach. This approach was necessary because this work ethic was related to specific human activities. This study found that Muslim entrepreneurs' work ethic in Tasikmalaya city could be categorized as high by adhering to honesty, discipline, respect for time, working sincerely, adhering to procedures, and submitting reports on time. Besides, hard work was also an essential ethos for work success. However, hard work here also means worship. Based on the principle of monotheism, work is an investment and buying and selling with God, namely by always giving charity as savings for heaven. This study confirmed the linkage between religion and work ethic found by Max Weber and its correlation to the Muslim community in the religious city of Tasikmalaya. This study explores the work behavior of Muslim traders and their employees to encourage integrity, a sense of responsibility, quality, self-discipline, and teamwork in job releases that determine whether a strong work ethic or a weak work ethic contributes to the level of performance.
Dialectic of Religion and Tradition: Investigating Remote Indigenous Communities Belief in Riau, Indonesia
Authors: Hasbullah Hasbullah , Jamrah Suryan A. , Syafitri Riska , Zulkifli Nur Aisyah
Published: July 2022

Belief is the core of every religious teaching in advanced civilizations and remote indigenous communities. The existence and religious practice cannot be separated from the traditions that develop in the community. The interplay between religion and tradition is nearby. A qualitative approach was used to answer research questions related to (1) the relationship between religion and tradition in the Akit Tribe community and (2) to explain why this tradition is maintained. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with informants like tribal chiefs, traditional healers, midwives, community leaders, and members. The results show that the practice of belief in the Akit Tribe follows their ancestors, even though they adhere to one official religion, especially Islam. Religion for the Akit Tribe is not crucial, it is only a compliment. Thus, there is no problem if they have a different religion. Religion is only for administrative purposes, such as getting married and making identity cards. Traditions are still maintained due to the low level of education and lack of understanding of their religion, especially Islam. It makes a practice of acculturation in belief and creates syncretism.
Correlation analysis of TGF-β1, MMP-9, TIMP-1, IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α in refractory chronic rhinosinusitis: A retrospective study
Authors: Wen Wulin , Zhu Simin , Ma Ruixia , Wang Lixin , Shen Xueliang , Li Yongchun , Feng Ningyu , Wang Le , Liu Ming , Xie Lina , Zhang Xueqiang
Published: July 2022

Objective: To investigate the potential correlation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), matrix metalloprotein 9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1), Interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in refractory chronic rhinosinusitis.
Methods: A total of 150 participants were retrospectively included in this study from August 2018 to February 2020. The people enrolled were equally allocated into refractory group (patients with refractory chronic rhinosinusitis), chronic group (patients with chronic rhinosinusitis), and control group (normal people). The level of TGF-β1, MMP-9, TIMP-1, IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α were recorded. The unconditional multivariate binary logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting refractory chronic rhinosinusitis.
Results: The Davos score, T&T olfactometer threshold test, and Lund-Mackay CT scores in refractory group were significantly higher than the chronic group (P<0.05). The level of TGF-β1, MMP-9, TIMP-1, IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α in the refractory group were significantly higher than the chronic group and the control group (all P<0.05). Similarly, the level of the above mentioned indexes in the chronic group were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). The Davos score, T&T olfactometer threshold test score, Lund-Mackay CT score, and the level of TGF-β1, MMP-9, TIMP-1, IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α positively correlated with refractory chronic rhinosinusitis. Moreover, the unconditional multivariate binary logistic regression showed that the influencing factors of refractory chronic rhinosinusitis included TGF-β1, MMP-9, TIMP-1, IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study provide evidence for TGF-β1, MMP-9, TIMP-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α as the influencing factors of refractory chronic rhinosinusitis.
Survey and Proposal of Critical Value Reporting and Management in Clinical Chemistry
Authors: Yoon Young Ahn
Published: July 2022

Objective: It is one of the major functions of the clinical laboratory to clearly, accurately, and quickly communicate critical values directly to the patient care providers. Laboratory professionals are often confronted with many obstacles in critical value reporting, including establishing critical values, notifying the critical values to provider, and ensuring that the provider understands the severity of a critical result.Methods: A total of 30 laboratory directors voluntarily answered the questionnaire by e-mail. The questionnaire covered demographic characteristics, establishing and updating critical values lists in clinical chemistry, thresholds of critical values, appropriate timeframes for critical results, notification process, and so on.Results: Of the 30 participating institutions, 12 were general hospitals, three were commercial laboratories, and 15 were tertiary hospitals. The tests included in critical value lists are as follows in order of frequency: potassium, glucose, sodium, total calcium, chloride, ionized calcium, creatinine, magnesium, total bilirubin, phosphorus, pH, and so on. Ten of the 30 institutions notified critical value reports to the patient care providers within 1 hour.Conclusion: This study presents the status of critical value reporting policy in Korean hospitals and a literature review on critical value reporting. In addition, this article provides core components and current regulatory requirements for critical value reporting. Critical value reporting systems should be approved, reviewed, and revised periodically.
International Refugee Aid in Postwar Germany as Evaluated by Emigrants and Displaced Persons from Russia and the Soviet Union
Authors: Antoshin Alexey , Zapariy Julia
Published: July 2022

This article is devoted to international assistance to refugees who stayed in German camps in the second half of the 1940s. The authors of the article focus on ego-documents coming from Soviet “displaced persons” and emigrants from Russia. The novelty of this study lies in the fact that the authors carry out a comparative analysis of the information found in these historical sources and the official documents of the UN structures involved in helping refugees, which has not been done previously. The authors refer to materials from the archives of the Hoover Institution for War, Revolution, and Peace (Stanford, USA), the Bakhmetev Archive of Russian and East European Culture of Columbia University (New York, USA), the Manuscript Department of the Library of Congress (Washington), the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian State Library (Moscow, Russia), and the UN archive. Also, they rely on the conceptual developments of specialists in the field of ego-document analysis as a historical source. As a result, it is proved that many statements in the memoirs of Soviet “displaced persons” and emigrants are emotional in nature and not supported by information found in other sources. The analysis demonstrates that international organisations created to help refugees after the Second World War faced objective difficulties. The activities of these structures were peculiar in that they developed on the territory of Germany, which was divided into occupation zones. The authors identify the main parameters of the activities of international organisations to help refugees and show the sources and scale of funding provided for the camp system in Germany in the second half of the 1940s. Considerable attention is paid to the evolution of the system of international assistance to refugees associated with the transition from the UNRRA to the IRO. The authors prove that in the first postwar years, there was a search for ways to provide assistance to refugees and “displaced persons” and the development of international mechanisms in this area, which would be improved in the subsequent period.
The Stalinist Political Culture of the Second Wave of the Russian Diaspora: A Case Study
Authors: Tromly Benjamin
Published: July 2022

This article examines the career of Vladimir Vasil’evich Pozdniakov during the Second World War and the early Cold War. A lieutenant colonel in the Red Army who was arrested during the Great Terror, Pozdniakov was captured on the Eastern front in October 1941. He collaborated with the Germans, first serving as the head of camp police in 1942, then becoming a propagandist in the system of POW camps, and finally serving as a high-ranking officer in the short-lived Russian army under General A. A. Vlasov. He escaped repatriation to the USSR after the war and worked as an intelligence agent in the Gehlen Organization and the CIA while also taking part in anti-communist groups in West Germany. Pozdniakov also acted as an amateur historian of the Vlasov movement. Pozdniakov’s career provides a window on the actions of one individual across the upheavals of war, occupation, and Cold War. Pozdniakov’s actions were shaped by the political culture of the Stalinist 1930s. Like other members of the Soviet party-state and military elite, Pozdniakov was opportunistic, suspicious, and dogmatic – all qualities that were crucial for advancement and mere survival in the Stalinist 1930s. The political culture of the 1930s helps to explain his activities during a time of unprecedented chaos and violence: his willingness to collaborate diligently with the Nazis and then with Germany’s Western conquerors, his constant battles within circles of collaborators and the Russian diaspora, and his hagiographic writing of the history of the Vlasov movement while in postwar exile. Pozdnyakov’s example suggests a new approach to the study of the political culture of the second wave of Russian emigration. Due to the historical context of the formation of the second wave – captivity on the Eastern Front, life and sometimes collaboration during the Nazi occupation and flight from repatriation – its members had no other source of public identity other than the continuing devotion to Vlasov’s semi-fictional Russian liberation army.
Constructing a Utopia about Soviet Childhood in La Littérature internationale
Authors: Belskaia Evgeniia
Published: July 2022

This article expands existing studies of the institutional history of the La Littérature internationale magazine, the press organ of the International Organisation of Revolutionary Writers. The author analyses the second French issue from 1934 in comparison with similar English and German issue. The issue’s structure and themes are not typical of the literary-critical Marxist magazine, as it brings together literary and journalistic texts on children. Collections of this kind appeared in the magazine in all languages except Russian. This article aims to determine the place of the issue with the “children’s” selection in terms of the journal’s general concept. For the first time, La Littérature internationale is studied through the prism of a complex diachronic and synchronous comparative analysis of versions in different languages. The texts of the second French issue from 1934 is studied in detail because it contains the most material on children compared to other versions with “children” compilations. The analysis of the French texts shows some key themes, metaphors, and images used in the representation of Soviet childhood. The issue of La Littérature internationale is placed in the context of Soviet journalism of the 1930s in adult (Pravda) and children’s (Pionerskaya Pravda) periodicals. The research demonstrates that the set of agitational essays and interviews, positioned in the magazine as socio-cultural material about real Soviet childhood, is close to fiction written in the socialist utopia genre due to its genre and narrative features. By publishing this compilation in La Littérature internationale, the editors made the French version another showcase of Soviet propaganda for the Western French-speaking reader, where the main export product was the image of Soviet childhood. This research provides empirical support and development of some concepts worked out in the framework of Soviet studies on strategies for forming images of the USSR abroad and narratives about Soviet childhood.