bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SERPENTES NEGRAS: FANTASMA DAS COMISSÕES DE SOLIDARIEDADE OU PRECURSORA DO PRIMEIRO COMANDO DA CAPITAL (PCC)?
Authors: Caldeira Nunes Dias Camila , Salla Fernando , Higa Gustavo , César Alvarez Marcos
Published: February 2019

O artigo parte de duas experiências de organização e de representação dos presos no sistema penitenciário paulista: as Comissões de Solidariedade, nos anos oitenta, e o Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC) nos anos noventa do século XX. Nos anos oitenta, a denúncia da existência de uma organização criminosa, denominada Serpentes Negras, ainda que jamais tenha sido comprovada, gerou um clima de tensão que articulou funcionários, diretores de presídios, sociedade civil, políticos e imprensa numa campanha de oposição às políticas de humanização dos presídios do governo Franco Montoro, com impacto direto sobre as Comissões de Solidariedade (símbolo da política de humanização) que acabaram deslegitimadas e desarticuladas poucos anos após a sua criação. Mesmo nunca comprovado, o rumor da existência das Serpentes Negras serviu não só para deslegitimar as políticas de humanização dos presídios como também para fundamentar o aumento da repressão e da violência institucional que atingiu o sistema prisional paulista na sequência do governo de Montoro. Desta forma, pretende-se discutir o papel que as Serpentes Negras tiveram no contexto em que emergem as denúncias sobre a sua atuação, os impactos provocados nas políticas governamentais e na dinâmica das prisões, bem como o eventual legado deixado no sistema prisional paulista. Independentemente de sua existência factual, as Serpentes Negras aparecem como a primeira experiência de um grupo organizado de presos, mais ou menos delimitado e identificado, e que, através de uma suposta rede de contatos, apresentaria um potencial de executar ações capazes de exercer forte pressão sobre o governo do Estado. Justamente por remeterem a uma experiência inédita nos cárceres brasileiros, as Serpentes Negras são apontadas por alguns como precursoras do PCC, atualmente a principal organização de presos do Brasil.
ANONYMOUS NAS MANIFESTAÇÕES DE JUNHO: UMA PROPOSTA TEÓRICA
Authors: Caroline Torinelli Michele , Luisa Fayet Sallas Ana
Published: February 2019

Uma máscara se destacou nos protestos de junho de 2013 no Brasil. Tratase do símbolo dos Anonymous, uma rede que não se identifica como grupo ou movimento, mas como uma ideia. A máscara pode ser vista em registros de manifestações ao redor do globo: desde mobilizações no norte da África a partir de 2011, passando por diversos outros países. Além de ter sua máscara-símbolo amplamente adotada, eles atuaram como importantes mediadores dos protestos brasileiros de junho de 2013. Entende-se aqui que essa atuação não é um evento isolado, mas insere-se num processo que envolve transformações culturais nos âmbitos de juventude, comunicação e política – aspectos que dialogam entre si e convergem na aplicação do conceito de rede à situação pesquisada. Trata-se de delinear as bases para a investigação do significado sociopolítico da atuação dos Anonymous nas manifestações de junho, sob uma perspectiva de movimentos sociais em rede que integra comunicação, cultura e política.
The transitional experience of women with newly diagnosed breast cancer
Authors: Kristensen Ingrid Villadsen , Rasmussen Bodil , Livingston Patricia M. , Meldgaard Anette , Zerlang Ida , Jensen-Johansen Mikael Birkelund , Henriksen Jette
Published: February 2019

The aim of the study was to provide insights into the transitional experience of women newly diagnosed with breast cancer progressing to their primary treatment. The psychosocial impact of patients in the recovery phase after breast cancer treatment has been investigated in recent years, however, little is known about the transition experience and psychosocial needs of Danish breast cancer patients during the phase of transition from diagnosis to treatment. This study employed a qualitative descriptive design with data collection including 12 semi-structured interviews with women undergoing radiation-or chemotherapy treatment.  The transcribed interviews were analysed which identified five main themes; 1) Uncertainty, 2) Sense of powerlessness, 3) Sustaining normality, 4) Worrying about the future, 5) Fortunate only having radiotherapy. Understanding care needs of women in transition, from diagnosis to treatment, and how it impacts on their lives, is essential to enable health professionals to tailor individualized care. Early support is critical to ensure that women understand step-by-step what is involved in the treatment and care and thereby to assist them towards a positive psychosocial trajectory.
INCREASING PRODUCTIVITY OF CUTTING PROCESSES BY REAL-TIME COMPENSATION OF TOOL DEFLECTION DUE TO PROCESS FORCES
Authors: BRECHER Christian , WETZEL Arndt , BERNERS Thomas , EPPLE Alexander
Published: February 2019

The Internet of Production (IoP) describes a vision in which a broad range of different production data is available in real-time. Based on this data, for example, new control types can be implemented, which improve individual manufacturing processes directly at the machine. A possible application scenario is a tool deflection compensation. Although the problem of tool deflection is well known in the industrial field, a process-parallel compensation is not common in industrial applications. State-of-the-art solutions require time and cost consuming tests to determine necessary cutting parameters. An NC-integrated compensation that adapts the tool path in real-time will make these tests obsolete and furthermore enables higher chip removal rates. In this paper, a control-internal real-time compensation of tool deflection is described, which is based on a process-parallel measurement of process forces. The compensation software is designed as an extension to the NC kernel and thereby integrated into the position control loop of an in-series NC. The compensation movements are generated by manipulating the reference values of the feed axes. The approach is investigated by experiments with linear axis movements. During these tests, a significantly reduction of geometrical machining errors is possible.
CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES IN TOOL CONDITION MONITORING
Authors: JEMIELNIAK Krzysztof
Published: February 2019

Implementation of robust, reliable tool condition monitoring (TCM) systems in one of the preconditions
of introducing of Industry 4.0. While there are a huge number of publications on the subject, most of them concern new, sophisticated methods of signal feature extraction and AI based methods of signal feature integration into tool condition information. Some aspects of TCM algorithms, namely signal segmentation, selection of useful signal features, laboratory measured tool wear as reference value of tool condition – are nowadays main obstacles in the broad application of TCM systems in the industry. These aspects are discussed in the paper, and some solutions of the problems are proposed.
PARAMETERIZATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES
BY AUTOMATED CHARACTERISTIC DIAGRAMS FOR THE DECOUPLED FLUID AND STRUCTURAL-MECHANICAL SIMULATIONS
Authors: GLÄNZEL Janine , KUMAR Tharun Suresh  , NAUMANN Christian , PUTZ Matthias
Published: February 2019

Thermo-elastic effects contribute the most to positioning errors in machine tools especially in operations where high precision machining is involved. When a machine tool is subjected to changes in environmental influences such as ambient air temperature, velocity or direction, then flow (CFD) simulations are necessary to effectively quantify the thermal behaviour between the machine tool surface and the surrounding air (fluid). Heat transfer coefficient (HTC) values effectively represent this solid-fluid heat transfer and it serves as the boundary data for thermo-elastic simulations. Thereby, deformation results can be obtained. This two-step simulation procedure involving fluid and thermo-structural simulations is highly complex and time-consuming. A suitable alternative for the above process can be obtained by introducing a clustering algorithm (CA) and characteristic diagrams (CDs) in the workflow. CDs are continuous maps of a set of input variables onto
a single output variable, which are trained using data from a limited number of CFD simulations which is optimized using the clustering technique involving genetic algorithm (GA) and radial basis function (RBF) interpolation. The parameterized environmental influences are mapped directly onto corresponding HTC values in each CD. Thus, CDs serve as look-up tables which provide boundary data (HTC values along with nodal information) under several load cases (combinations of environmental influences) for thermo-elastic simulations. Ultimately, a decoupled fluid-structural simulation system is obtained where boundary (convection) data for thermo-mechanical simulations can be directly obtained from CDs and would no longer require fluid simulations to be carried out again. Thus, a novel approach for the correction of thermo-elastic deformations on a machine tool is obtained.
Streamlining Quality Review of Mass Spectrometry Data in the Clinical Laboratory by Use of Machine Learning
Authors: Yu Min , Bazydlo Lindsay A. L. , Bruns David E. , Harrison James H.
Published: February 2019

Context.—

Turnaround time and productivity of clinical mass spectrometric (MS) testing are hampered by time-consuming manual review of the analytical quality of MS data before release of patient results.

Objective.—

To determine whether a classification model created by using standard machine learning algorithms can verify analytically acceptable MS results and thereby reduce manual review requirements.

Design.—

We obtained retrospective data from gas chromatography–MS analyses of 11-nor-9-carboxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) in 1267 urine samples. The data for each sample had been labeled previously as either analytically unacceptable or acceptable by manual review. The dataset was randomly split into training and test sets (848 and 419 samples, respectively), maintaining equal proportions of acceptable (90%) and unacceptable (10%) results in each set. We used stratified 10-fold cross-validation in assessing the abilities of 6 supervised machine learning algorithms to distinguish unacceptable from acceptable assay results in the training dataset. The classifier with the highest recall was used to build a final model, and its performance was evaluated against the test dataset.

Results.—

In comparison testing of the 6 classifiers, a model based on the Support Vector Machines algorithm yielded the highest recall and acceptable precision. After optimization, this model correctly identified all unacceptable results in the test dataset (100% recall) with a precision of 81%.

Conclusions.—

Automated data review identified all analytically unacceptable assays in the test dataset, while reducing the manual review requirement by about 87%. This automation strategy can focus manual review only on assays likely to be problematic, allowing improved throughput and turnaround time without reducing quality.
Battleship Trig
Authors: Cozzo Thérèse , Cozzo Joseph
Published: February 2019

This lesson provides an opportunity for students to use mathematical modeling and explore right-triangle trigonometry in the context of protecting battleships.
Using PhET Simulations in the Mathematics Classroom
Authors: Meadows Michelle L. , Caniglia Joanna C.
Published: February 2019

Imagine that you and your language arts colleagues are teaching Edgar Allan Poe's short story, “The Pit and the Pendulum.” This thrilling story takes us to the Inquisition during which a prisoner is surrounded by hungry rats and bound to a table while a large pendulum slowly descends. The prisoner believes that the pendulum is 30-40 feet long and estimates that it should take about 10-12 swings before he is hit, leaving him with about a minute or a minute and a half to escape. Are his estimations correct? If so, will he make it out in time?
El ‘renacer afroperuano’ de 1950: discursos sobre la música negra de la costa peruana
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo Fundação das Artes de São Caetano do Sul, Llanos Fernando Elias
Published: February 2019

A partir de investigaciones de campo y un estudio de caso, analizaremos el periodo denominado de “renascimiento” afroperuano de la década de 1950 y debatiremos el conflicto por el control de producción y circulación del discurso de la afroperuanidad. Al hablarse en música afroperuana, tanto los investigadores como las propias familias negras lo hacían en nombre de una reivindicación histórica que buscaba saldar el daño ocasionado por la esclavocracia y posterior marginación. No obstante, juzgamos que ese mismo reclamo devino en un debate político más interesado en protagonizar una “historia del Perú Negro” que una “historia del Negro en el Perú”, es decir, en sobrestimar los referentes estéticos antes que llamar nuestra atención para mejorar las condiciones sociales de la población que inspira el mismo universo simbólico. Así, el presente artículo busca contribuir para una revisión crítica de los discursos sobre la música negra de la costa peruana.
(Re) Percussões de “Missa dos Quilombos”
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Garcia Luiz Henrique Assis
Published: February 2019

Este artigo propõe reflexões sobre Missa dos Quilombos, LP produzido e gravado ao vivo em 1982, com música e arranjos de Milton Nascimento para letras do sacerdote Pedro Casaldáliga e do poeta Pedro Tierra, reeditado em CD em 1995. Tomaremos os fonogramas como fonte maior de nossa análise, mas procurando articulá-los ao evento e à repercussão do rito religioso que gerou a gravação, na medida em que estes contribuem também para elucidar o projeto estético e político maior que engloba todos estes registros. Aliando a análise interdisciplinar dos estudos de canção e música popular à investigação historiográfica de fontes impressas, esperamos, finalmente, compreender a Missa e sua gravação como partícipes da história cultural brasileira, relevantes na retomada democrática justamente pela forma como nelas confluem linhas mestras da afirmação de matrizes culturais e religiosas afrodiaspóricas como elementos indispensáveis da história e da sociedade brasileira e latino-americana.
Retrospective Analysis of Treatment Patterns and Effectiveness of Palbociclib and Subsequent Regimens in Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Xi Jing , Oza Aabha , Thomas Shana , Ademuyiwa Foluso , Weilbaecher Katherine , Suresh Rama , Bose Ron , Cherian Mathew , Hernandez-Aya Leonel , Frith Ashley , Peterson Lindsay , Luo Jingqin , Krishnamurthy Jairam , Ma Cynthia X.
Published: February 2019

Background:Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors are now the standard of care for hormone receptor–positive (HR+), HER2-negative (HER–) metastatic breast cancer (MBC). However, guidelines are lacking regarding their optimal sequencing with other available agents. This study examines physician practice patterns and treatment outcomes of palbociclib and subsequent therapies in a real-world setting.Methods:A retrospective chart review was conducted for consecutive patients with MBC who received palbociclib between February 2015 and August 2017 at the Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center. Kaplan-Meier method was used to generate time-to-event curves and estimate median progression-free survival (mPFS). Log-rank test was used to compare differences.Results:A total of 200 patients, with a median age of 59.4 years and a follow-up of 19.5 months, were included. Palbociclib was most frequently combined with letrozole (73.5%), followed by fulvestrant (25%), anastrozole (1%), and tamoxifen (0.5%). Most patients received palbociclib in the endocrine-resistant setting (n=42, n=50, and n=108 in the first-, second-, and subsequent-line settings, respectively), and the fraction of patients receiving palbociclib as first- or second-line therapy increased in recent months (P=.0428). mPFS was 20.7, 12.8, and 4.0 months with palbociclib administered in the first-, second-, and subsequent-line settings, respectively (P<.0001). Incidences of grade 3/4 neutropenia (41.5%) and dose reductions (29%) were comparable to reports in the literature. Among patients whose disease progressed on palbociclib (n=104), the most frequent next-line treatment was capecitabine (n=21), followed by eribulin (n=16), nab-paclitaxel (n=15), and exemestane + everolimus (n=12). mPFS with hormone therapy alone or in combination with targeted agents (n=32) after first-, second-, and subsequent-line palbociclib was 17.0, 9.3, and 4.2 months, respectively (P=.04). mPFS with chemotherapy (n=70) was not reached, 4.7, and 4.1 months after first-, second-, and subsequent-line palbociclib, respectively (P=.56).Conclusions:Palbociclib is effective for HR+/HER2– MBC in real-world practice. Hormone therapy alone or in combination with targeted agents remains an effective option after palbociclib progression.
Breast Cancer, Version 3.2018
Authors: Goetz Matthew P. , Gradishar William J. , Anderson Benjamin O. , Abraham Jame , Aft Rebecca , Allison Kimberly H. , Blair Sarah L. , Burstein Harold J. , Dang Chau , Elias Anthony D. , Farrar William B. , Giordano Sharon H. , Goldstein Lori J. , Isakoff Steven J. , Lyons Janice , Marcom P. Kelly , Mayer Ingrid A. , Moran Meena S. , Mortimer Joanne , O'Regan Ruth M. , Patel Sameer A. , Pierce Lori J. , Reed Elizabeth C. , Rugo Hope S. , Sitapati Amy , Smith Karen Lisa , Smith Mary Lou , Soliman Hatem , Telli Melinda L. , Ward John H. , Young Jessica S. , Shead Dorothy A. , Kumar Rashmi
Published: February 2019

These NCCN Guidelines Insights highlight the updated recommendations for use of multigene assays to guide decisions on adjuvant systemic chemotherapy therapy for women with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative early-stage invasive breast cancer. This report summarizes these updates and discusses the rationale behind them.
SYNTHESIS OF GRANULAR LOW-MODULUS ZEOLITES FROM METAKAOLIN USING MECHANOCHEMICAL ACTIVATION AND ULTRASONIC TREATMENT
Authors: Gordina N.E. , Prokof’ev V.Yu. , Borisova T.N. , Elizarova A.M.
Published: February 2019

The process of synthesis of granular low-modulus zeolites from a mixture of metakaolin and solid sodium hydroxide depending on the method of pre-treatment (mechanochemical activation or ultrasonic treatment) has been investigated. The vibration roller-ring mill VM-4 (vibration frequency 930 min–1) was used for mechanochemical activation (MCA) of the powder mixtures. Ultrasonic treatment of the aqueous suspensions was carried out in the ultrasonic disperser UD-20 (oscillation frequency 22 kHz). X-ray diffraction analysis, IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy have been used for the study. It was established that Na2Al2O4 and SiO2 are formed in the system after MCA as a result of leaching, and after UST, Na2Al2O4 is formed only. It was shown that thermal treatment at 650 °C of the mixture after mechanochemical activation and ultrasonic treatment leads to the synthesis of sodium aluminosilicates of cubic syngony, but with different parameters of the crystal lattice. Thermal treatment of the mixture without treatment gives the formation of sodium aluminosilicates and silicon oxide. It was found that after hydrothermal crystallization in NaOH solution with a concentration of 2 mol l–1, the LTA zeolite is synthesized. Crystallization in an alkali solution with a concentration of 6 mol l–1 gives the formation of SOD. It was ascertained that the use of ultrasonic treatment of the initial mixture results in the synthesis of a maximum amount of LTA zeolite (80 %) and SOD (98 %).
AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO NEUTRALIZATION OF WASTEWATER CONTAINING COPPER IONS AND THE LIGAND EDTA
Authors: Kolesnikov Vladimir A. , Nistratov Alexey V. , Kolesnikova Olga Yu. , Kandelaki Galina I.
Published: February 2019

Presents an analysis of electrochemical degradation of organic compounds, in particular EDTA. Shows the influence of the nature of the anode and the nature of the oxidizing agent on the degradation of organic compounds. Anode materials are classified based on their oxidizing power in an acidic environment. It is noted that the neutralization of wastewater containing copper and EDTA is carried out in two stages: destruction of EDTA and the extraction of copper hydroxide. Investigated the extraction of copper ions from the system H2O-Cu2+-EDTA-electrolyte with different ratios of metal-ligand. The effect of EDTA concentration on the flotation process for extracting copper hydroxide, considers the kinetics of flotation of copper extraction in the presence of two complexing agents - NH3 and EDTA. The presented results allow to assess the degree of extraction of copper from solution copper-EDTA at different coal sorbents and resins. The degree of extraction of EDTA reaches 30-40%. When the ratio of copper-EDTA 1:1.0-1.5 is possible flotation copper recovery of 80%, an additional sorption treatment of up to 99%.
STUDY OF ANION EXCHANGE EXTRACTION OF SOME ANIONIC COMPLEXES OF IRON (III) BY ORGANIC SOLUTIONS OF QUADERIC AMMONIUM SALTS
Authors: Matyushkina Yulia I. , Shabarin Alexandr A.
Published: February 2019

The anion-exchange extraction of salicylate, thiosulphate and thiocyanate iron (III) complexes by solutions of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) chlorides in organic solvents (toluene, carbon tetrachloride, ethyl acetate, isobutyl alcohol, nitrobenzene) was studied. The composition of the iron (III) anionic complexes was established by the analysis of the calibration curves E = f (pCFe (III)) constructed from iron (III) solutions against the background of various contents of thiocyanate, thiosulphate and salicylate ions and the steepness of the electrode function. As an indicator electrode was used the ion-selective electrode with a membrane, which based on a nitrobenzene solution of tetradecylammonium bromide. The solution containing of alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride and alkyldimethylethylbenzylammonium chloride and the corresponding organic solvent were mixed in a ratio 1: 1. An organic layer containing the QAS was selected. The anion-exchange extraction was provided in contact with aqueoses solutions of Fe(III) anionic complexes. The extraction process is estimated quantitatively using a distribution coefficient (D), the value of D is calculated taking into account the iron (III) concentration in the aqueous phase before and after extraction. The content of iron (III) in solutions is determined spectrophotometrically (λ = 440 nm). It is established that the value of the distribution coefficient depends on the permittivity (ε) of the organic solvent. In the row toluene - carbon tetrachloride - ethyl acetate - isobutyl alcohol - nitrobenzene, the permittivity increases. In the same sequence, D increases for all studied complex iron(III)  ions. Moreover, a decrease in the concentration of the extracted particle leads to an insignificant decrease the value of the distribution coefficient. The composition and stability of the complex iron (III) ion have a significant effect on the extraction activity.
Assessment of coverage degree during particulate material encapsulation in fluidized bed
Authors: Lipin Aleksandr G. , Nebukin Vladimir O. , Lipin Andrey A.
Published: February 2019

By encapsulating granular materials, it is possible to eliminate caking, to provide a delayed release of the active substance. In this work the encapsulation is carried out by spraying the polymer emulsion onto the particles of the fluidized bed by means of pneumatic nozzles. Drops of the polymer emulsion, having faced with the particles are spread on their surface, forming a liquid film. Solvent removing by drying causes solidification of the film. The quality of the encapsulation process was evaluated by the degree of coverage, which is equal to the fraction of the total surface area of the particles coated with a protective coating. When thin polymer shells are applied, it is very important to determine the process parameters that ensure the continuity of the protective coating. A mathematical model, which allows to predict the particles coverage degree in the fluidized bed apparatus, is given. It is assumed that the growth rate of the degree of coverage is proportional to the fraction of the uncoated surface and the consumption of the film-forming material. To identify the parameters of the developed mathematical model and verify of its adequacy, a physical experiment was exercised on a laboratory scale installation. During the experiment, samples of particles were taken from the apparatus at intervals of one minute to determine their degree of coverage. The method for determining the degree of coverage is based on a comparative analysis of the dissolution curves of the initial and processed pellets. Graphic dependencies characterizing the evolution of coverage degree of granules in time at different flow rates of the film-forming substance are given. The comparison of the calculated and experimental data, which showed their good agreement, was performed. Thus, it is shown that the proposed mathematical model of the formation of a protective coating on particles in the apparatus of the fluidized bed allows to predict reliably the degree of coverage of particles and to choose the rational parameters of the encapsulation process.
Investigation of the enrichment process of waste titanium production
Authors: Lanowiecki Sergey V. , Melkomkova Olga G. , Khudyakov Semen G.
Published: February 2019

The paper presents a study of the process of enriching the waste of titanium production (sand and slag mixture) by mechanical and magnetic separation methods in order to reduce the losses of the useful component in the technology of processing ilmenite concentrate. The composition of the initial fraction of the test mixture and fractions obtained in the process of mechanical and magnetic separation was evaluated using X-ray and X-ray spectral analyzes. The particle size of the analyzed mixture was evaluated by means of a high-resolution scanning electron microscope «S-3400N» and an optical microscope «MBS-1» from a digital camera Webbers MYscope 560MCCD. As a result of the separation of the analyzed mixture by mechanical classification, it was shown that the fraction 0.16 ‑ 0.4 mm contains a considerable proportion of sand (up to 94%) and can be completely removed from the technology without further processing. The remaining fractions in addition to titanium dioxide, iron and its oxides contain a sufficiently large fraction of silicon dioxide, which can not be separated by the screen classification method. Studies on the separation of the analyzed mixture by the magnetic separation method have shown that it is possible to separate out phases of sand and titanium dioxide without iron impurities into the nonmagnetic fraction. At the same time, virtually all iron with its trivalent oxide remains in the magnetic part, as well as a sufficiently large fraction of silica and titanium particles, fused in larger pieces of the magnetic fraction. It is shown that in the process of magnetic separation, up to 100% of Fe + Fe2O3, 20% of SiO2 and 73% of TiO2 are transferred to the magnetic fraction. At the same time, with a non-magnetic fraction, on average, up to 80% of SiO2 and 27% of TiO2 are consumed.
Lobo-guará (Chrysocyon brachyurus): características gerais, mitológicas e seu conhecimento popular na região noroeste de Minas Gerais
Authors: Pereira Saulo Gonçalves , Machado Felipe César Araújo , Borges Daniela Cristina Silva , Santos André Luiz Quagliatto , Pereira Wanderson Alves , Silva José Onício Rosa da
Published: February 2019

Objetivou-se fazer um levantamento sobre o lobo-guará (Chrysocyon brachyurus - Illiger, 1815), descrevendo suas características gerais e sua mitologia, além de buscar, através de entrevistas, o conhecimento das pessoas acerca do lobo-guará. O conhecimento compilado sobre as características gerais e a mitologia de animais silvestres pode colaborar para sua conservação, bem como para a educação ambiental. A metodologia adotada foi dividida em duas partes: inicialmente, pesquisa qualitativa de revisão de literatura; posteriormente, aplicação de questionário de autorrespostas a pessoas maiores de idade, voluntárias, de ambos os sexos e que tinham associação com o meio rural da região noroeste de Minas Gerais. Percebeu-se que o lobo-guará é um animal de grande importância para a fauna brasileira, sendo um animal cercado de muitas histórias e mitologias. De forma geral, as pessoas identificam o lobo-guará como um animal importante para o meio ambiente, todavia um predador de animais domésticos. Os resultados mostram que ocorreram abates por esta razão.
A Two-Dimensional Framework for Analyzing Facebook Use and Subjective Well-Being
Authors: Cheng Cecilia
Published: February 2019

The present research aimed to organize the array of Facebook activities by proposing a framework that comprises two dimensions: mode of Facebook communication and motive of Facebook use.  Our research also aimed to address the less explored issue of users’ appraisals in addition to their Facebook use.  A new measure, the Facebook Use and Satisfaction Scale, was constructed. Among 155 undergraduates (43% men, mean age = 21.02 years), the results indicated that satisfaction with both private and public social communication was positively linked with positive affect but not negative affect.  More importantly, satisfaction with private social communication explained 9% of the variance in positive affect beyond that explained by perceived peer support.  These results point to the utility of the proposed two-dimensional framework in the study of Facebook satisfaction.
The Effectiveness of Behavioral Skills Training (BST) Program to Improve Personal Safety Skills for Down syndrome Adolescent with Mild Intellectual Disability
Authors: Kumalasari Dewi , Kurniawati Farida
Published: February 2019

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Behavioral Skills Training (BST) program in improving personal safety skills for a Down syndrome adolescent with mild intellectual disability. Personal safety is defined as an ability to recognize touch appropriateness, including four self-protective skills, consisting of resisting, removing, telling others, and reporting about any inappropriate touch she/he experiences. The single-subject design was administered in three days. The results show that the program was effective to improved subject’s personal safety skills and reached 97 % of the maximum score. The subject was able to master the skills of recognizing, resisting, removing and telling others with 100% score, while on the reporting skill, the obtained score was 83%.  Rerunning the program, specifically with reporting skill as the target, has been recommended to improve reporting skill. Overall, to improve the effectiveness of the program, in situ training, training for trainers, and providing reinforcements are suggested.
Structural insights into SETD3-mediated histidine methylation on β-actin
Authors: Guo Qiong , Liao Shanhui , Kwiatkowski Sebastian , Tomaka Weronika , Yu Huijuan , Wu Gao , Tu Xiaoming , Min Jinrong , Drozak Jakub , Xu Chao
Published: February 2019

SETD3 is a member of the SET (Su(var)3–9, Enhancer of zeste, and Trithorax) domain protein superfamily and plays important roles in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, muscle differentiation, and carcinogenesis. Previously, we identified SETD3 as the actin-specific methyltransferase that methylates the N3 of His73 on β-actin (Kwiatkowski et al., 2018). Here, we present two structures of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine-bound SETD3 in complex with either an unmodified β-actin peptide or its His-methylated variant. Structural analyses, supported by biochemical experiments and enzyme activity assays, indicate that the recognition and methylation of β-actin by SETD3 are highly sequence specific, and that both SETD3 and β-actin adopt pronounced conformational changes upon binding to each other. In conclusion, this study is the first to show a catalytic mechanism of SETD3-mediated histidine methylation on β-actin, which not only throws light on the protein histidine methylation phenomenon but also facilitates the design of small molecule inhibitors of SETD3.
RETRACTED: Pyrophosphate modulates plant stress responses via SUMOylation
Authors: Patir-Nebioglu M Görkem , Andrés Zaida , Krebs Melanie , Fink Fabian , Drzewicka Katarzyna , Stankovic-Valentin Nicolas , Segami Shoji , Schuck Sebastian , Büttner Michael , Hell Rüdiger , Maeshima Masayoshi , Melchior Frauke , Schumacher Karin
Published: February 2019

Pyrophosphate (PPi), a byproduct of macromolecule biosynthesis is maintained at low levels by soluble inorganic pyrophosphatases (sPPase) found in all eukaryotes. In plants, H+-pumping pyrophosphatases (H+-PPase) convert the substantial energy present in PPi into an electrochemical gradient. We show here, that both cold- and heat stress sensitivity of fugu5 mutants lacking the major H+-PPase isoform AVP1 is correlated with reduced SUMOylation. In addition, we show that increased PPi concentrations interfere with SUMOylation in yeast and we provide evidence that SUMO activating E1-enzymes are inhibited by micromolar concentrations of PPi in a non-competitive manner. Taken together, our results do not only provide a mechanistic explanation for the beneficial effects of AVP1 overexpression in plants but they also highlight PPi as an important integrator of metabolism and stress tolerance.
Cryo-EM structures and functional characterization of the murine lipid scramblase TMEM16F
Authors: Alvadia Carolina , Lim Novandy K , Clerico Mosina Vanessa , Oostergetel Gert T , Dutzler Raimund , Paulino Cristina
Published: February 2019

The lipid scramblase TMEM16F initiates blood coagulation by catalyzing the exposure of phosphatidylserine in platelets. The protein is part of a family of membrane proteins, which encompasses calcium-activated channels for ions and lipids. Here, we reveal features of murine TMEM16F (mTMEM16F) that underlie its function as a lipid scramblase and an ion channel. The cryo-EM data of mTMEM16F in absence and presence of Ca2+ define the ligand-free closed conformation of the protein and the structure of a Ca2+-bound intermediate. Both conformations resemble their counterparts of the scrambling-incompetent anion channel mTMEM16A, yet with distinct differences in the region of ion and lipid permeation. In conjunction with functional data, we demonstrate the relationship between ion conduction and lipid scrambling. Although activated by a common mechanism, both functions appear to be mediated by alternate protein conformations that are at equilibrium in the ligand-bound state.
Schnyder corneal dystrophy-associated UBIAD1 inhibits ER-associated degradation of HMG CoA reductase in mice
Authors: Jo Youngah , Hamilton Jason S , Hwang Seonghwan , Garland Kristina , Smith Gennipher A , Su Shan , Fuentes Iris , Neelam Sudha , Thompson Bonne M , McDonald Jeffrey G , DeBose-Boyd Russell A
Published: February 2019

Autosomal-dominant Schnyder corneal dystrophy (SCD) is characterized by corneal opacification owing to overaccumulation of cholesterol. SCD is caused by mutations in UBIAD1, which utilizes geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGpp) to synthesize vitamin K2. Using cultured cells, we previously showed that sterols trigger binding of UBIAD1 to the cholesterol biosynthetic enzyme HMG CoA reductase (HMGCR), thereby inhibiting its endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) (Schumacher et al. 2015). GGpp triggers release of UBIAD1 from HMGCR, allowing maximal ERAD and ER-to-Golgi transport of UBIAD1. SCD-associated UBIAD1 resists GGpp-induced release and is sequestered in ER to inhibit ERAD. We now report knockin mice expressing SCD-associated UBIAD1 accumulate HMGCR in several tissues resulting from ER sequestration of mutant UBIAD1 and inhibition of HMGCR ERAD. Corneas from aged knockin mice exhibit signs of opacification and sterol overaccumulation. These results establish the physiological significance of UBIAD1 in cholesterol homeostasis and indicate inhibition of HMGCR ERAD contributes to SCD pathogenesis.
Genome organization and molecular characterization of the threeFormica exsectaviruses—FeV1, FeV2 and FeV4
Authors: Dhaygude Kishor , Johansson Helena , Kulmuni Jonna , Sundström Liselotte
Published: February 2019

We present the genome organization and molecular characterization of the threeFormica exsectaviruses, along with ORF predictions, and functional annotation of genes. TheFormica exsecta virus-4(FeV4; GenBank ID:MF287670) is a newly discovered negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus representing the first identified member of orderMononegaviralesin ants, whereas theFormica exsecta virus-1(FeV1; GenBank ID:KF500001), and theFormica exsecta virus-2(FeV2; GenBank ID:KF500002) are positive single-stranded RNA viruses initially identified (but not characterized) in our earlier study. The new virus FeV4 was found by re-analyzing data from a study published earlier. TheFormica exsecta virus-4genome is 9,866 bp in size, with an overall G + C content of 44.92%, and containing five predicted open reading frames (ORFs). Our bioinformatics analysis indicates that gaps are absent and the ORFs are complete, which based on our comparative genomics analysis suggests that the genomes are complete. Following the characterization, we validate virus infection for FeV1, FeV2 and FeV4 for the first time in field-collected worker ants. Some colonies were infected by multiple viruses, and the viruses were observed to infect all castes, and multiple life stages of workers and queens. Finally, highly similar viruses were expressed in adult workers and queens of six otherFormicaspecies:F. fusca,F. pressilabris,F. pratensis, F. aquilonia, F. truncorumandF. cinerea. This research indicates that viruses can be shared between ant species, but further studies on viral transmission are needed to understand viral infection pathways.
A community-level investigation following a yellow fever virus outbreak in South Omo Zone, South-West Ethiopia
Authors: Mulchandani Ranya , Massebo Fekadu , Bocho Fekadu , Jeffries Claire L. , Walker Thomas , Messenger Louisa A.
Published: February 2019

Background

Despite the availability of a highly effective vaccine, yellow fever virus (YFV) remains an important public health problem across Africa and South America due to its high case-fatality rate. This study investigated the historical epidemiology and contemporary entomological and social determinants of a YFV outbreak in South Omo Zone (SOZ), Ethiopia.

Methods

A YFV outbreak occurred in SOZ, Ethiopia in 2012–2014. Historical epidemiological data were retrieved from the SOZ Health Department and analyzed. Entomological sampling was undertaken in 2017, including mosquito species identification and molecular screening for arboviruses to understand mosquito habitat distribution, and finally current knowledge, attitudes and preventative practices within the affected communities were assessed.

Results

From October 2012 to March 2014, 165 suspected cases and 62 deaths were reported, principally in rural areas of South Ari region (83.6%). The majority of patients were 15–44 years old (75.8%) and most case deaths were males (76%). Between June and August 2017, 688 containers were sampled across 180 households to identify key breeding sites for Aedes mosquitoes. Ensete ventricosum (“false banana”) and clay pots outside the home were the most productive natural and artificial breeding sites, respectively. Entomological risk indices classified most sites as “high risk” for future outbreaks under current World Health Organization criteria. Adult mosquitoes in houses were identified as members of the Aedes simpsoni complex but no YFV or other arboviruses were detected by PCR. The majority of community members had heard of YFV, however few activities were undertaken to actively reduce mosquito breeding sites.

Discussion

Study results highlight the potential role vector control could play in mitigating local disease transmission and emphasize the urgent need to strengthen disease surveillance systems and in-country laboratory capacity to facilitate more rapid responses to future YFV outbreaks.
Alternative reproductive strategies in black-winged territorial males ofParaphlebia zoe(Odonata, Thaumatoneuridae)
Authors: Rivas-Torres Anais , Sánchez-Guillén Rosa Ana , Cordero-Rivera Adolfo
Published: February 2019

Alternative reproductive strategies are commonly associated with male dimorphism. InParaphlebia zoe, a species of damselfly whose males are dimorphic in wing coloration, black-and-white-winged (BW) males defend territories, while hyaline-winged (HW) males usually play the role of satellites. We found that several BW males can sometimes share a territory, and we hypothesized that within this morph there are two alternative tactics: submissive and dominant. We conducted an experiment to test whether dominant and submissive roles are plastic or stable and fixed on each individual. To this end, we manipulated black and white spots of BW males in four treatments: (i) painting over white and black spots without changing their size, (ii) erasing the white spot using black painting, (iii) increasing the black spot and moving the white spot maintaining its size and (iv) control males. Additionally, we investigated the correlation between some phenotypic variables (wing asymmetry, survival and recapture probabilities) and male behaviour (in terms of quality of the territory). We found that the two behavioural roles (submissive and dominant) were not affected by the manipulative experiments, therefore suggesting that they are stable and fixed. Additionally, we found a positive correlation between body size and survival in both sexes, and a positive effect of territory quality and lifespan on mating success. Moreover, the largest and youngest BW males were the most symmetrical. We conclude thatParaphlebia zoeholds high behavioural diversity, with two types of strategies in BW males, dominant and submissive. The occurrence of this intra-morph behavioural diversity might depend on demographic factors such as population density and/or the relative frequency of the different morphs.
Golden Camellias: A Review
Authors: Manh Tran Duc , Thang Nguyen Toan , Son Hoang Thanh , Thuyet Dang Van , Trung Phung Dinh , Tuan Nguyen Van , Duc Dao Trung , Linh Mai Thi , Lam Vu Tien , Thinh Nguyen Huu , Phuong Nguyen Thi Thu , Do Tran Van
Published: February 2019

Golden camellias or yellow camellias are species belonging to genus Camellia L., family Theaceae. Fifty two species were described in southern China and Vietnam. Active ingredients such as polysaccharides, polyphenols, saponins, and flavonoids are well known characteristics of golden camellias. Its leaves and flowers have been long traditionally used for health improvement. It was found to be able to inhibit transplanted cancer, lower blood pressure, lower blood lipid, lower cholesterol, and prevent atherosclerosis. Currently, it costs 320–700US$ per one kg of dry flowers. Such price attracts many local ethnic people to plant golden camellias for poverty reduction. This work reviews (1) species and natural distribution, (2) uses and healthcare values, (3) techniques for seedling production, planting and tending, and (4) opportunities and challenges for future development of golden camellias.
Isolation and Evaluation of Bacteria Exhibiting Multiple Plant Growth Traits in the Rhizosphere of Yellow Bell Pepper (Capsicum chinense)
Authors: Chinakwe E. C. , Nwogwugwu N. U. , Ibekwe V. I. , Chinakwe P. O. , Egbadon E. O. , Adeleye S. A.
Published: February 2019

Aim: The study identified and evaluated bacteria exhibiting multiple plant growth traits in the Rhizosphere of Yellow Bell Pepper (Capsicum chinense).                                                             

Study Design: Seeds of Capsicum chinense were planted in a soil and allowed to grow. After five eeks of planting, soil samples from the rhizosphere were collected and the bacterial community present in the rhizosphere soil of Capsicum chinense was studied. The isolated organisms were assessed for their ability to produce plant growth promoting traits.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at an agricultural research farmland in the Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria.

Methodology: Seeds of Capiscum chinense were planted in the soil samples in a greenhouse. Rhizosphere soil was collected for analysis to identify the bacterial composition of the rhizosphere soil.                                                                                                                                              

Results: In this study the presence of Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium sp, Enterococcus feacalis and Bacillus polymyxa were evident in the rhizosphere samples collected. All isolates showed multiple plant growth promoting traits except Staphylococcus aureushich was positive for hydrogen cyanide production only.

Conclusion: The results from this study showed that the bacterial community present in the soil can be used to effect significant vegetative crop yield and agricultural production. The isolated rhizobacteria can be formulated as bio-fertilizers or bioinnoculants, etc.
HYDRAULIC STABILITY AND OVERTOPPING PERFORMANCE OF A NEW TYPE OF REGULAR PLACED ARMOR UNIT
Authors: Reedijk Bas , Eggeling Tamara , Bakker Pieter , Jacobs Robert , Muttray Markus
Published: February 2019

The XblocPlus is a new type of interlocking single layer armour units that is placed with uniform orientation. This is novel and different from all other single layer, interlocking armouring systems. The hydraulic stability of the XblocPlus breakwater armour unit was tested in 2D and 3D hydraulic model tests. Wave overtopping tests were performed to determine the roughness coefficients of the EurOtop overtopping formula for the XblocPlus. Model tests on a rubble mound breakwater with XblocPlus armour included 2D tests with a 1:30 seabed slope and with 1:2 and 3:4 breakwater slopes and 3D model tests with a flat seabed and with a 3:4 breakwater slope. Wave heights up to 150% of the design wave height were tested in the 2D tests and up to 200% with wave directions 0Â° to 60Â° in the 3D tests. No armour unit displacements were observed in 2D tests with 1:2 slope. In the 2D tests with 3:4 slope one armour unit was displaced when the wave height reached 159% of the design wave height. No damage to the XblocPlus armour layer was observed in the 3D tests. A roughness coefficient of 0.45 was deduced from overtopping tests with wave heights of 60% to 100% of the design wave height. The model test results indicate little or no influence of wave steepness on XblocPlus stability and no adverse influence of wave obliquity while the seabed slope in front of the breakwater may have some impact on the XblocPlus armour layer stability.
Fracture Along Deformation Twin Boundary in Small‐Volume Fe40Mn40Co10Cr10 High Entropy Alloy
Authors: Wang Ya‐Bo , Yang Ping‐Jiong , Sun Xun , Zhang Hua‐Lei , Han Wei‐Zhong
Published: February 2019

High‐entropy alloys (HEAs) with extraordinary combination of strength, ductility, and toughness have drawn extensive attention in recent years. One of widely accepted explanations for the marked mechanical performance in bulk HEAs is due to the tendency of deformation twinning. Here, the authors perform in situ tensile test on small‐volume non‐equiatomic Fe40Mn40Co10Cr10 HEA single crystals, and find that deformation twinning is a typical intrinsic factor for accelerating fracture. Profuse needle‐like deformation twins are nucleated under loading, while their thickening is very difficult due to high twin boundary migration energy, thus nanoscale surface crack is easily produced, which triggers catastrophic fracture.