bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Growth instability index, and decomposition effect on production of large cardamom in Nepal
Authors: Dhungana S. M. , Regmi P. P. , Dhakal S. C. , Devkota N. R.
Published: January 2024

Background

Large cardamom is the third most costly and oldest spice in the world, then saffron and vanilla, which is referred to as "black gold." Nepal's exportable, high-value subsector produces large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) for sale in particular global markets. This study was to assess large cardamom's compound annual growth rate (CAGR), instability index, and influence of decomposition in Nepal. Data were imported from Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development, Nepal (MOALD) & Trade Export Promotion Centre, Nepal (TEPC), and the custom office in Birtamod, Nepal, from 2009 to 2020. The compound growth rate was calculated by an exponential function. The area, production, productivity, unit price of large cardamom before export at birtamod custom office, export quantity, and value of large cardamom were evaluated by variation (CV) and the Cuddy–Della Valle index (CDVI). Stability and growth performance were analyzed to assess the proportional impact of area and yield on the overall production of larger cardamom.

Results

Area, production, and yield had compound annual growth rate of 1.25, 2.0, and 0.85, respectively, revealing a major expansion of Nepalese large cardamom. The Mechi corridor has proven favorable and rapid development rates, indicating its potential but there was a reduction in large cardamom farming indicating negative CAGR of − 0.68 in the Koshi corridor. The area, production, and yield CV and CDVI were comparatively low, indicated stability in large cardamom farming. With a negative CAGR of − 1.01, the average price showed a downward trend over time. While the export quantity had a positive CAGR of 0.67, the export value had a positive CAGR of 3.84, suggesting a considerable increase.

Conclusions

The results emphasized the need for deliberate actions to increase stability, yield levels, market diversification, and lessen reliance on a single market for significant cardamom exports. Finally, prioritizing farmer capacity building programs will increase their proficiency with sustainable farming methods and resource management.
Dietary Bacillus spp. supplementation to both sow and progenies improved post-weaning growth rate, gut function, and reduce the pro-inflammatory cytokine production in weaners challenged with Escherichia coli K88
Authors: Sampath Vetriselvi , Cho Sungbo , Jeong Jinuk , Mun Seyoung , Lee Choon Han , Hermes Rafael Gustavo , Taechavasonyoo Apichaya , Smeets Natasja , Kirwan Susanne , Han Kyudong , Kim In Ho
Published: January 2024

Background

The use of probiotics (PRO) in late gestation sow and their impact on progenies’ performance during the post-weaning stage has received more attention from the researchers recently. This study aimed to analyze the effect of probiotic mixture (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis) on both sow and offspring’s performance.

Methods

First experiment (Exp.1) was conducted from the 100th day of gestation through to post-weaning. A total of twenty sows and their litters were assigned to one of two dietary treatments, Control (CON) based diet and PRO− CON+ 0.05% probiotic mixture. Dietary treatments were arranged in a split-plot pattern with sow and weaner treatment (CON and PRO diet) as the main and sub plot. Exp.2. E. coli challenge study was carried out two weeks after weaning with 40 piglets. Dietary treatments remained same while all pigs were orally administered with a 1.5 ml suspension of 1010 CFU of K88 strain of E. coli per ml.

Result

PRO group sow showed significantly decreased backfat thickness difference and body weight difference after farrowing and at the end of weaning d21. The nutrient digestibility of PRO group sows was significantly higher at the end of weaning. Moreover, piglets born from PRO group sow showed higher weaning weight and tend to increase average daily gain at the end of d21. The addition of mixed probiotic in sow and weaner diet had suppressed the production of TNF-α and interleukin-6 in E. coli challenged pigs. The phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in E. coli -challenged pigs were highly abundant while, the relative abundance of clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 at genus level was significantly reduced by the inclusion of probiotic in both the sow and weaner diet. Also, taxonomic distribution analysis showed significantly lower prevalence of Clostridium and Brachyspira and higher prevalence of Lactobacilli in E. coli-challenged pigs that were born from PRO group sow and fed CON and PRO weaner diet.

Conclusion

This study reveals that the inclusion of 0.05% mixed probiotics (Bacillus spp.) to both sow and their progenies diet would be more beneficial to enhance the post-weaning growth rate, gut health, and immune status of E. coli challenged pigs.
Precision in bipolar disorders
Authors: Grande I.
Published: January 2024

In many fields of heath, precision medicine has been integrated in clinical practise, for instance in oncology. In the case of psychiatry, and in particular bipolar disorder, we are in a prior step for the moment. Different proposal of stratification will be described during the talk for instance the classification of staging. Moreover some proposal of precision psychiatry in bipolar disorder will be put forward.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Developments in the management of psychosis: key evidence from 2022
Authors: Chakraborty N.
Published: January 2024

The field of treatment and understanding in psychosis is evolving at an unprecedented pace with advances in neuroscience. It takes time before research findings are translated to clinical practice. Daunting as it is, clinicians need to keep up with findings which change our practice straightaway (new medication), findings which suggest that changes are expected in future (new theories about how illness develops and can be predicted) and findings which remind us of continuing practice and the evidence behind them (long term follow-up studies which give no big surprises but consolidate existing knowledge).

In a snap shot, I bring to you a range of five papers published in 2022 which enrich our understanding of psychosis, its development and treatment.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Fluctuation of lysosomal protein degradation in neural stem cells of the postnatal mouse brain
Authors: Zhang He , Ishii Karan , Shibata Tatsuya , Ishii Shunsuke , Hirao Marika , Lu Zhou , Takamura Risa , Kitano Satsuki , Miyachi Hitoshi , Kageyama Ryoichiro , Itakura Eisuke , Kobayashi Taeko
Published: January 2024

Lysosomes are intracellular organelles responsible for degrading diverse macromolecules delivered from several pathways, including the endo-lysosomal and autophagic pathways. Recent reports have suggested that lysosomes are essential for regulating neural stem cells in developing, adult and aged brains. However, the activity of these lysosomes has yet to be monitored in these brain tissues. Here, we report the development of a new probe to measure lysosomal protein degradation in brain tissue by immunostaining. Our results indicate that lysosomal protein degradation fluctuates in neural stem cells of the hippocampal dentate gyrus, depending on age and brain disorders. Neural stem cells increase their lysosomal activity during hippocampal development in the dentate gyrus, but aging and aging-related disease reduce lysosomal activity. In addition, physical exercise increases lysosomal activity in neural stem cells and astrocytes in the dentate gyrus. We therefore propose that three different stages of lysosomal activity exist: the state of increase during development, the stable state during adulthood and the state of reduction due to damage caused by either age or disease.
Properties of biomolecular condensates defined by Activator of G-protein Signaling 3
Authors: Vural Ali , Lanier Stephen M.
Published: January 2024

Activator of G-protein signaling 3 (AGS3; also known as GPSM1), a receptor-independent activator of G-protein signaling, oscillates among defined subcellular compartments and biomolecular condensates (BMCs) in a regulated manner that is likely related to the functional diversity of the protein. We determined the influence of cell stress on the cellular distribution of AGS3 and core material properties of AGS3 BMCs. Cellular stress (oxidative, pHi and thermal) induced the formation of AGS3 BMCs in HeLa and COS-7 cells, as determined by fluorescent microscopy. Oxidative stress-induced AGS3 BMCs were distinct from G3BP1 stress granules and from RNA processing BMCs defined by the P-body protein Dcp1a. Immunoblots indicated that cellular stress shifted AGS3, but not the stress granule protein G3BP1 to a membrane pellet fraction following cell lysis. The stress-induced generation of AGS3 BMCs was reduced by co-expression of the signaling protein Gαi3, but not the AGS3-binding partner DVL2. Fluorescent recovery following photobleaching of individual AGS3 BMCs indicated that there are distinct diffusion kinetics and restricted fluidity for AGS3 BMCs. These data suggest that AGS3 BMCs represent a distinct class of stress granules that serve as a previously unrecognized signal processing node.
Role of BicDR in bristle shaft construction and support of BicD functions
Authors: Jejina Aleksandra , Ayala Yeniffer , Beuchle Dirk , Höhener Thomas , Dörig Ruth E. , Vazquez-Pianzola Paula , Hernández Greco , Suter Beat
Published: January 2024

Cell polarization requires asymmetric localization of numerous mRNAs, proteins and organelles. The movement of cargo towards the minus end of microtubules mostly depends on cytoplasmic dynein motors. In the dynein–dynactin–Bicaudal-D transport machinery, Bicaudal-D (BicD) links the cargo to the motor. Here, we focus on the role of Drosophila BicD-related (BicDR, CG32137) in the development of the long bristles. Together with BicD, it contributes to the organization and stability of the actin cytoskeleton in the not-yet-chitinized bristle shaft. BicD and BicDR also support the stable expression and distribution of Rab6 and Spn-F in the bristle shaft, including the distal tip localization of Spn-F, pointing to the role of microtubule-dependent vesicle trafficking for bristle construction. BicDR supports the function of BicD, and we discuss the hypothesis whereby BicDR might transport cargo more locally, with BicD transporting cargo over long distances, such as to the distal tip. We also identified embryonic proteins that interact with BicDR and appear to be BicDR cargo. For one of them, EF1γ (also known as eEF1γ), we show that the encoding gene EF1γ interacts with BicD and BicDR in the construction of the bristles.
The active space of sperm whale codas: inter-click information for intra-unit communication
Authors: Jacobs Ellen R. , Gero Shane , Malinka Chloe E. , Tønnesen Pernille H. , Beedholm Kristian , DeRuiter Stacy L. , Madsen Peter T.
Published: January 2024

Sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) are social mega-predators who form stable matrilineal units that often associate within a larger vocal clan. Clan membership is defined by sharing a repertoire of coda types consisting of specific temporal spacings of multi-pulsed clicks. It has been hypothesized that codas communicate membership across socially segregated sympatric clans, but others propose that codas are primarily used for behavioral coordination and social cohesion within a closely spaced social unit. Here, we test these hypotheses by combining measures of ambient noise levels and coda click source levels with models of sound propagation to estimate the active space of coda communication. Coda clicks were localized off the island of Dominica with a four- or five-element 80 m vertical hydrophone array, allowing us to calculate the median RMS source levels of 1598 clicks from 444 codas to be 161 dB re. 1 μPa (IQR 153–167), placing codas among the most powerful communication sounds in toothed whales. However, together with measured ambient noise levels, these source levels lead to a median active space of coda communication of ∼4 km, reflecting the maximum footprint of a single foraging sperm whale unit. We conclude that while sperm whale codas may contain information about clan affiliation, their moderate active space shows that codas are not used for long range acoustic communication between units and clans, but likely serve to mediate social cohesion and behavioral transitions in intra-unit communication.
Limits to sustained energy intake. XXXIV. Can the heat dissipation limit (HDL) theory explain reproductive aging?
Authors: Grosiak Marta , Koteja Paweł , Hambly Catherine , Speakman John R. , Sadowska Edyta T.
Published: January 2024

According to the heat dissipation limit (HDL) theory, reproductive performance is limited by the capacity to dissipate excess heat. We tested the novel hypotheses that (1) the age-related decline in reproductive performance is due to an age-related decrease of heat dissipation capacity and (2) the limiting mechanism is more severe in animals with high metabolic rates. We used bank voles (Myodes glareolus) from lines selected for high swim-induced aerobic metabolic rate, which have also increased basal metabolic rate, and unselected control lines. Adult females from three age classes – young (4 months), middle-aged (9 months) and old (16 months) – were maintained at room temperature (20°C), and half of the lactating females were shaved to increase heat dissipation capacity. Old females from both selection lines had a decreased litter size, mass and growth rate. The peak-lactation average daily metabolic rate was higher in shaved than in unshaved mothers, and this difference was more profound among old than young and middle-aged voles (P=0.02). In females with large litters, milk production tended to be higher in shaved (least squares mean, LSM±s.e.: 73.0±4.74 kJ day−1) than in unshaved voles (61.8±4.78 kJ day−1; P=0.05), but there was no significan"t effect of fur removal on the growth rate [4.47±2.29 g (4 days−1); P=0.45]. The results provide mixed support of the HDL theory and no support for the hypotheses linking the differences in reproductive aging with either a deterioration in thermoregulatory capability or genetically based differences in metabolic rate.
The role of European Union regional policy
Authors: Παππάς Κωνσταντίνος-Βασίλειος
Published: January 2024

Η περιφερειακή πολιτική διερευνά τις αιτίες των διαφορετικών επιπέδων ανάπτυξης μεταξύ των περιφερειών. Σκοπός της παρούσας διατριβής είναι να διερευνήσει την αποτελεσματικότητα της Ευρωπαϊκής περιφερειακής πολιτικής. Η συμβολή αυτής της διδακτορικής διατριβής είναι να παρουσιάσει την διαχρονική εξέλιξη των περιφερειακών ανισοτήτων μεταξύ των περιφερειών της Ε.Ε. Διερευνάται, χρησιμοποιώντας τη χωρική οικονομετρία και τη μέθοδο της Γεωγραφικής Σταθμισμένης Παλινδρόμησης, εάν υπάρχει σύγκλιση μεταξύ περιφερειών και χωρών της Ε.Ε. •Αρχικά, θα παρουσιαστεί εάν μια συγκεκριμένη χωρική οντότητα επηρεάζει και επηρεάζεται από τις γειτονικές της τιμές. •Δεύτερον, μια άλλη συμβολή είναι η αλληλεπίδραση των χωρικών ανισοτήτων και η συσχέτισή τους με τις οικονομικές συνθήκες που επικρατούν. •Τρίτον, η τελευταία συνεισφορά είναι η μοντελοποίηση μεταβλητών και η διερεύνησή τους εάν παρόμοιες τιμές επηρεάζονται από τη γεωγραφική απόσταση ή τις επικρατούσες οικονομικές συνθήκες.Το εμπειρικό μέρος της παρούσας διδακτορικής διατριβής πραγματοποιείται χρησιμοποιώντας τη χωρική στατιστική και τη χωρική οικονομετρία. Οι περιφερειακές ανισότητες μετρήθηκαν στην Ελλάδα και τις χώρες της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης αφου χρησιμοποιήθηκαν τέσσερις δείκτες.Δύο μοντέλα χωρικής οικονομετρίας χρησιμοποιήθηκαν. Στην πρώτη μέθοδο η απόσταση μετριέται με γεωγραφικά κριτήρια ενώ στη δεύτερη η απόσταση μετριέται με έναν οικονομικό παράγοντα (δείκτης απασχόλησης). Τα αποτελέσματα δείχνουν διαφορές μεταξύ των δύο μεθόδων. Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή απαντά στα ακόλουθα ερευνητικά ερωτήματα: •Είναι δυνατόν να μειωθούν οι περιφερειακές ανισότητες; •Υπάρχει κάποια σύγκλιση μεταξύ των περιφερειών της ΕΕ; •Οι πολιτικές οδηγούν στη σύγκλιση των περιφερειών; Πρέπει να σημειωθεί, ωστόσο, ότι δεν μπορεί να επιτευχθεί ισορροπία μεταξύ των περιφερειών, καθώς οποιαδήποτε οικονομική αλλαγή στην παραγωγική διαδικασία μιας περιφέρειας εξαιτίας της αλληλεπίδρασής της με τις υπόλοιπες, θα ξεκινήσει μια σωρευτική διαδικασία είτε ανοδική είτε καθοδική για τις υπόλοιπες περιφέρειες. Τέλος, τα αποτελέσματα της εμπειρικής ανάλυσης δείχνουν ότι οι στόχοι σύγκλισης μεταξύ των περιφερειών δεν έχουν επιτευχθεί.
Κινηματογραφικές καταγραφές της ελληνικής οικογένειας
Authors: Σταμάτη Μαρίνα
Published: January 2024

Η κοινωνιολογική και ανθρωπολογική ποιοτική έρευνα αλλά και η κινηματογραφική καταγραφή πολύ συχνά εστιάζουν στα δρώντα υποκείμενα, στις κοινωνικές σχέσεις, στους πολιτισμικούς δεσμούς και στον τρόπο που επιμέρους συνομαδώσεις κατανοούν και ερμηνεύουν την καθημερινότητα τους. Η παρούσα διατριβή κινείται θεωρητικά στο χώρο της κοινωνιολογίας της οικογένειας και των συγγενικών δικτύων, της οπτικής ανθρωπολογίας και συγκεκριμένα του Κινηματογράφου της Παρατήρησης. Συνδυάζει την τέχνη με την επιστήμη, συνθέτοντας διάφορες βασικές μεθοδολογικές τεχνικές, όπως συμμετοχική εθνογραφία, συνεντεύξεις, παρατήρηση στο πεδίο και κινηματογραφικό ντοκιμαντέρ παρατήρησης για να κατανοήσει και να αποτυπώσει τους μετασχηματισμούς και τις αναπαραστάσεις της σύγχρονης ελληνικής οικογένειας. Ακολουθώντας κριτικά τη λογική της ποιοτικής έρευνας –εκτός του τελικού κειμένου διατριβής που κατατίθεται - θα δημιουργηθεί επιπλέον μια ταινία τεκμηρίωσης. Η ταινία – ακολουθώντας τις αρχές του κινηματογράφου της παρατήρησης - θα καταγράφει στιγμές από την καθημερινότητα πέντε σύγχρονων ελληνικών οικογενειών, διαφορετικών μορφών, που ζουν σε διάφορες γεωγραφικές περιοχές της ελληνικής περιφέρειας. Τέλος με οδηγό το συνολικό οπτικοακουστικό και το υπόλοιπο εμπειρικό υλικό (σημειώσεις πεδίου, ημερολόγιο έρευνας, συνεντεύξεις, άτυπες συζητήσεις, απλή παρατήρηση, κτλ.) απαντώνται το δυνατόν σφαιρικότερα και ολοκληρωμένα τα ερευνητικά ερωτήματα της διδακτορικής διατριβής.
MARKET OF DOMESTIC LABOR IN RUSSIA
Authors: Ostapenko V. , Kazanceva N.
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the paid domestic labor market in the Russian economy. It is shown that this market is characterized by the following features: weak state regulation; a high proportion of internal and external migrants; a wide spread of the shadow economy and informal labor relations; gender differences; the presence in the market of an “elite” segment of workers providing higher-quality and highly paid services, and a segment of workers performing temporary, episodic work. It is proved on the basis of market analysis that there is a predominant demand for skilled labor, and wages are at or above the national average. It is concluded that further efforts are needed to legalize the work of domestic workers within the framework of the state employment policy.
Simplification of real-estate contracts with the Land Administration System: a case study of Poland
Authors: Klimach Anna , Pietkiewicz Michał , Żukowska Małgorzata , Woźniak Joanna
Published: January 2024

This article examines the practicalities of Notaries Public using the Land Administration System for e-service transfer of property ownership. Herein, we use the example of the Polish Integrated Real Estate Information System (IREIS) in the activities of a Notary Public. Good governance and its genesis and IREIS developmental stages are initially assessed with emphasis on the functionality of the system and integration of the databases containing the information needed to prepare for notarial duties. The most important legal provisions applied to the conducting of professional duties by notaries are then discussed. These notably include the provisions of Notary Law and the Civil Code. Notarial tasks were then examined with regard to the possibility and admissibility of using the IREIS to accelerate their activities, decrease delays in essential formalities and minimize associated costs. Conclusions are drawn, and these include the forecast of future innovative solutions by e-service communication.
Estrategias pedagógicas con TIC en contextos educativos vulnerables: Repercusiones en la pandemia y proyecciones de futuro
Authors: Alcalá del Olmo Fernández María José , Santos Villalba María Jesús , González Sodis José Luis , Leiva Olivencia Juan José
Published: January 2024

La pandemia por la COVID-19 desencadenó una serie de cambios en los ámbitos académico, social y económico acusado por la situación de Estado de Alarma. La educación fue uno de los espacios más afectados debido al cierre de las instituciones educativas como medida preventiva en la propagación de la cadena vírica. El tránsito de una educación presencial a una docencia virtual supuso una de las soluciones de emergencia y ello generó una brecha digital que también se convirtió en una brecha de aprendizaje. El propósito de este estudio ha sido analizar las repercusiones de la COVID-19 en las prácticas pedagógicas docentes mediadas por el uso de las tecnologías y sus efectos en los procesos formativos del alumnado y familias de centros educativos de alta complejidad de la provincia de Málaga (España). La metodología fue cualitativa a partir de entrevistas en profundidad. Los resultados más significativos apuntan la existencia de absentismo virtual durante el confinamiento, lo que implicó desfases curriculares significativos en buena parte de estudiantes, el incremento de metodologías de corte innovador para favorecer la motivación del alumnado, así como la falta de recursos que garantizasen la igualdad de oportunidades desde los parámetros de la educación inclusiva.
Perfiles de uso problemático de los videojuegos y su influencia en el rendimiento académico y los procesos de toma de decisiones en alumnado universitario
Authors: del Sol Barreto-Cabrera Ylenia , Suárez Perdomo Arminda , Castilla-Vallejo José Luis
Published: January 2024

El creciente impacto de los videojuegos en las últimas décadas ha suscitado un notable interés científico en Educación. El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar perfiles de uso problemático de los videojuegos y su influencia en el rendimiento académico y en los procesos de toma de decisiones. Se contó con 665 estudiantes de 9 universidades españolas, en edades comprendidas entre 18 y 58 años. Se realizó un análisis univariante de varianza ANOVA para analizar posibles diferencias entre el alumnado que juega a videojuegos y el que no, según el rendimiento académico y los factores de toma de decisiones. Además, se realizó un análisis jerárquico de clúster con los factores del cuestionario de experiencias relacionadas con los videojuegos y un análisis univariante de varianzas con los perfiles en función del rendimiento académico y los factores de toma de decisiones. Los resultados mostraron que los alumnos universitarios que no jugaban obtenían un mayor rendimiento académico que los jugadores. Se observó, además, tres perfiles respecto al uso de videojuegos: alto uso problemático de los videojuegos, uso problemático moderado de los videojuegos y bajo uso problemático de los videojuegos. Se advirtieron diferencias significativas en cuanto al rendimiento académico y el proceso de toma de decisiones, estos resultados muestran que a mayor uso problemático menor rendimiento académico y mayor patrón inadecuado en el proceso de toma de decisiones.
Feminizm (nie)znany. Teoretyczne rozważania porównawcze
Authors: Zawadzka Katarzyna
Published: January 2024

This article discusses the issue of feminism, which has been subjected to a comparative analysis to indicate the similarities and differences in defining this concept. Both classic scientific publications dealing with this topic, as well as contemporary ones, were analysed. The research question asks: what is it about the concept of feminism that is considered sensitive and often evokes extreme emotions? Undoubtedly, this is a phenomenon that a social science researcher who wants to show the practical elements of scientific discourse cannot pass by indifferently. The aim of the article is to broaden public awareness of this problem, pointing out that it is both a concept and a phenomenon. Thus, it functions both in a definitional and practical dimension.
Edukacyjny wymiar emancypacji. Anastazja Dzieduszycka i Cecylia Niewiadomska – dwa portrety aktywistek przełomu XIX i XX wieku
Authors: Citkowska-Kimla Anna
Published: January 2024

The primary objective of the chapter is to reconstruct previously disregarded female activity (which still constitutes a margin within historical research) through the profiles of two activists, Anastazja Dzieduszycka and Cecylia Niewiadomska, who worked for women’s education and, ultimately, emancipation. Thanks to their work, engagement and commitment, socio-political changes had been accelerated, prompting a new approach to women’s participation in politics and society. The paper brings to light examples of Polish activists involved in campaigning for gender equality within the first emancipation movements.
Hybrid Value Function Approximation for Solving the Technician Routing Problem with Stochastic Repair Requests
Authors: Pham Dai T. , Kiesmüller Gudrun P.
Published: January 2024

We investigate the combined planning problem involving the routing of technicians and the stocking of spare parts for servicing geographically distributed repair tasks. The problem incorporates many operational uncertainties, such as future repair requests and the required spare parts to replace malfunctioned components. We model the problem as a sequential decision problem where decisions are made at the end of each day about the next day’s technician route and spare part inventory in the van. We show that exact methods are intractable because of the inherent high-dimensional state, decision, and transition spaces involved. To overcome these challenges, we present two novel algorithmic techniques. First, we suggest a hybrid value function approximation method that combines a genetic search with a graph neural network capable of reasoning, learning, and decision making in high-dimensional, discrete decision spaces. Second, we introduce a unique state-encoding method that employs multiattribute graphs and spatial markers, eliminating the need for manually designed basis functions and allowing efficient learning. We illustrate the general adaptive learning capacity by solving a variety of instance settings without instance-specific hyperparameter tuning. An extensive numerical study demonstrates that our hybrid learning technique outperforms other benchmark policies and adapts well to changes in the environment. We also generate a wide range of insights that not only shed light on the algorithmic components but also offer guidance on how to execute on-site repair tasks more efficiently. The techniques showcased are versatile and hold potential for application in other dynamic and stochastic problems, particularly in the realm of transportation planning.

Funding: This work was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). The Research Training Group 2201 [Grant 277991500], “Advanced Optimization in a Networked Economy,” funded by the DFG, has provided partial support for this work.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2022.0434 .
The Effectiveness of Influencer Marketing in Promoting Sustainable Lifestyles and Consumer Behaviours
Authors: Vemuri Sritha , P Jahnavi , Manasa Lingala , D. R Pallavi
Published: January 2024

Influencer marketing is a kind of marketing across social media platforms involving endorsements, recommendations, support, and product placement from influencers. Influencers are usually people online that have a large following on social media and use this identity to influence the opinions and behaviours of their audience. Influencer marketing is a powerful tool to reach the people in this generation, and that can also be used to promote sustainable lifestyles and consumer behaviour. Influencers have the potential and effectiveness to alter consumer mindsets. When influencers promote sustainable products and practices, they can reach a large audience and positively impact the environment. Although the effectiveness of influencer marketing depends on some factors including the credibility and trustworthiness of the influencer, the content of the message given by them, and the target audience, the impact nevertheless is huge.
This study uses a survey questionnaire to gather data on 200 consumers in India. The primary responses were collected all over India using a structured questionnaire consisting of questions to understand consumer behaviour, sustainability, and the role of an influencer marketer. It examines influencer marketing exposure, purchase behaviour, and brand perception.
The review of literature for this topic focuses on the impact of influencer marketing on sustainable lifestyles and consumer behaviour between 2000-2023.
There are certain challenges and ethical implications concerning influencer marketing that are explored in the paper, along with people's responses and acceptability towards a sustainable lifestyle. The empirical study also focused on the effectiveness of influencer marketing in promoting sustainable lifestyles and consumer behaviours.
Influencer marketing can be a valuable tool for promoting sustainable lifestyles and consumer behaviour in this generation. Incorporating influencer marketing as a tool has two faces and it is essential to understand both aspects.
Moving Towards Digital Trade Transformation in Bangladesh Prospects and Challenges for Implementing Digital Trade
Authors: Aktar Afroja , CDCS Md. Saidul Islam
Published: January 2024

Bangladesh is currently making preparations to transform its entire trade onto a digital platform. Bangladesh is prepared to initiate this transformation through the implementation of logistics, legal, technological, and knowledge-based support mechanisms. This study examines the ways by which the implementation of these supports can be compelled within the structure of international frameworks. To find that possible ways the article seeks to evaluate the evidence that supports including updated laws and regulation, customs house etc., the notion that digital trade is predominantly a tradeable and compatible platform, aligning with the established framework of traditional paper-based transactions. This study employs digital technology to investigate the transformative impact it has had on international trade procedures. This research also investigates the effects of digitization in trade transactions on the global competitiveness of Bangladesh. This research also identifies and analyze the challenges and opportunities associated with the implementation of digital trade in comparison to traditional trade operations, which is associated with the implementation of the Bangladesh Single Window (BSW) system within the entire transformation of trade in ASYCODA (The Automated System for Customs Data) World Systems. The BSW & ASYCODA systems are designed to enhance the interchange of information and promote connectivity between public and commercial trade-related bodies in Bangladesh. To understand the perceptions of the stakeholders’ primary data has collected through a descriptive research where a survey questionnaire has used for this purpose, along with that secondary data sources are also used to achieve the desired outcome. This study finding will enhance our comprehension of the effects of digitization on global trade and offer vital insights that will assist stakeholders in attaining sustainable growth and fostering innovation. The digital trade transition represents a new and promising possibility in the context of Bangladesh in the area of trade transactions. This study identified how a nation undergoes a steady transition from traditional trade practices to digital transformation.
Postoperative accurate pain assessment of children and artificial intelligence: A medical hypothesis and planned study
Authors: Yue Jian-Ming , Wang Qi , Liu Bin , Zhou Leng
Published: January 2024

Although the pediatric perioperative pain management has been improved in recent years, the valid and reliable pain assessment tool in perioperative period of children remains a challenging task. Pediatric perioperative pain management is intractable not only because children cannot express their emotions accurately and objectively due to their inability to describe physiological characteristics of feeling which are different from those of adults, but also because there is a lack of effective and specific assessment tool for children. In addition, exposure to repeated painful stimuli early in life is known to have short and long-term adverse sequelae. The short-term sequelae can induce a series of neurological, endocrine, cardiovascular system stress related to psychological trauma, while long-term sequelae may alter brain maturation process, which can lead to impair neurodevelopmental, behavioral, and cognitive function. Children’s facial expressions largely reflect the degree of pain, which has led to the developing of a number of pain scoring tools that will help improve the quality of pain management in children if they are continually studied in depth. The artificial intelligence (AI) technology represented by machine learning has reached an unprecedented level in image processing of deep facial models through deep convolutional neural networks, which can effectively identify and systematically analyze various subtle features of children’s facial expressions. Based on the construction of a large database of images of facial expressions in children with perioperative pain, this study proposes to develop and apply automatic facial pain expression recognition software using AI technology. The study aims to improve the postoperative pain management for pediatric population and the short-term and long-term quality of life for pediatric patients after operational event.
Inetetamab combined with tegafur as second-line treatment for human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-positive gastric cancer: A case report
Authors: Zhou Jing-Hao , Yi Qi-Jun , Li Ming-Yan , Xu Yan , Dong Qi , Wang Cong-Ying , Liu Hai-Yan
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) plays a vital role in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. However, the prognosis of HER2-positive gastric cancer is poor. Inetetamab, a novel anti-HER2 targeting drug independently developed in China, exhibits more potent antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity than trastuzumab, which is administered as the first-line treatment for HER2-positive gastric cancer in combination with chemotherapy. In this case, the efficacy and safety of inetetamab combined with tegafur was investigated as a second-line treatment for HER2-positive gastric cancer.

CASE SUMMARY

A 52-year-old male patient with HER2-positive gastric cancer presented with abdominal distension, poor appetite, and fatigue two years after receiving six cycles of oxaliplatin combined with tegafur as first-line treatment after surgery, followed by tegafur monotherapy for six months. The patient was diagnosed with postoperative recurrence of gastric adenocarcinoma. He received 17 cycles of a combination of inetetamab, an innovative domestically developed anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody, and tegafur chemotherapy as the second-line treatment (inetetamab 200 mg on day 1, every 3 wk combined with tegafur twice daily on days 1–14, every 3 wk). Evaluation of the efficacy of the second-line treatment revealed that the patient achieved a stable condition and progression-free survival of 17 months. He tolerated the treatment well without exhibiting any grade 3-4 adverse events.

CONCLUSION

Inetetamab combined with chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic HER2-positive gastric cancer demonstrates significant survival benefits and acceptable safety.
Total Knee Arthroplasty in a Patient with Secondary Osteoarthritis Knee with Instability due to Neglected Chronic Anterior Dislocation: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Apollo Hospitals, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Thippana Rajshekhar K , Bhat Adarsh Krishna K ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Apollo Hospitals, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: A case of neglected anterior dislocation of the knee leading to instablity with severe secondary osteoarthritis is very rare to come across, and there are not many reported articles to the best of our knowledge. Due to the rarity of the occurrence, there are no proper treatment guidelines laid out yet. Case Report: A 62-year-old hypertensive male with BMI 26.6 presents with an unstable lax right knee with severe osteoarthritis secondary to untreated chronic traumatic anterior dislocation of the knee that happened 12 years back. He was examined clinically and radiologically and further underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for the same at our center. Discussion: Knee dislocation is a very rare injury and a case of neglected dislocation leading to unstable osteoarthritic knee is even more rare. These cases need thorough planning which should include an extensive clinical examination followed by imaging studies and Doppler scan to study the status of the vasculature. TKA for such a case is challenging and the use of hinged prosthesis or a constrained prosthesis is recommended when unstable. Keywords: Total knee arthroplasty, unstable knee, neglected knee dislocation.
Fibular Grafting: A Worthwhile skill to Master for Difficult neck of Femur Fractures – A Case Series
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom,, Uren Nicholas C , Amer Mohammad H ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Cairo University, Egypt., Dunlop Douglas G ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom,
Published: January 2024

Background: Neck of femur fractures (NOF) in younger adults are often treated by head-preserving fixation procedures. Non-union is an infrequent but troublesome complication following internal fixation, especially in atypical presentations. Vascularized (VFG) and non-VFG (NVFG) fibular grafting and realignment procedures have been described as an adjunct to internal fixation. Reports are rare regarding the versatility of fibular grafts, their use, and their outcomes in the United Kingdom. Case Report: We present three complex NOF cases performed in the United Kingdom. One case is a 29-year-old Asian female treated with NVFG for a pathological transverse NOF fracture secondary to fibrous dysplasia. One case is a non-union following failed surgical management and revised using NVFG and dynamic hip screws. The last case is a VFG in a complex non-union intra-capsular fracture following conservative management in a 17-year-old male. Certain patient characteristics are described which make joint preserving surgery more attractive. All fractures united with no revisions at the time of final follow-up. Distinctions between the use of VFG and NVFG grafts are discussed. Conclusion: This case series demonstrates the important versatility of fibular grafting and how its properties are used in different cases. Fibular grafting is an effective technique in pathological, non-union, and late-presenting NOF. Both types of grafts introduce additional biology for difficult cases where neck resorption and adequate fixation are an issue, with NVFG grafts much easier to perform. Keywords: Neck of femur fractures, non-union, bone graft, vascularized fibular grafts, non-vascularized fibular grafts.
Vertical Subluxation Caused by Infection Around the Odontoid Process: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan., Sanada Kyoichi , Tanaka Jun ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan., Yamamoto Takuaki ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: There are few reports of cases with vertical subluxation. We report our experience of a vertical subluxation of the atlantoaxial joint caused by infection. Case Report: A 63-year-old man had a 5-month history of neck pain. He was treated for rheumatoid arthritis by a local doctor. At admission to our hospital, he had neck pain and complained of dysphagia and hoarseness. His white blood cell count and C-reactive protein were 7200/mm3 and 4.86 mg/dL. Cervical X-ray showed atlantoaxial subluxation. Computed tomography showed osteolysis around the odontoid process, including the atlantooccipital and atlantoaxial joints, causing vertical subluxation. Magnetic resonance imaging showed spinal cord and brainstem compression and the presence of fluid. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed enhancement around the odontoid process. We performed occipital-cervical spine fixation and C1 laminectomy. Following surgery, his symptoms completely resolved. Bone fusion was confirmed 6 months after surgery. Conclusion: If subluxation of the upper cervical spine occurs rapidly, infection should be considered. Keywords: Atlantoaxial vertical subluxation, pyogenic spondylitis, atlantoaxial joint, atlantooccipital joint.
Experimental treatment with bone void filler for lower extremity insufficiency fractures in rheumatoid arthritis patients – Early clinical results
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg Denmark, Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg Denmark., Larsen Peter , Studstrup Mette Sørensen ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg Denmark,, Kold Søren ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg Denmark,, Elsøe Rasmus ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg Denmark,
Published: January 2024

Introduction : The aim is to report early clinical results of an experimental surgical procedure, injecting bone void filler, for patients with lower extremity rheumatoid arthritis (RA) insufficiency fractures. Case Report: We used a cross-sectional design with retrospective follow-up. Patient-reported outcomes were reported by the body-region specific questionnaires, knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS), or foot and ankle outcome score (FOAS). The Eq5D-5L questionnaire reported overall health-related quality of life (QoL). Furthermore, patient satisfaction (semi-structured interview), pain reactions, and adverse events were reported. Results from the first five patients were included. The median age was 70 years (range 50–80). Fracture localizations were proximal tibia (2), distal tibia (2), and distal femur (1). Four out of five patients reported a high degree of patient satisfaction following treatment. Four out of five patients at follow-up reported no pain from the fracture location. The median improvement from baseline to follow-up on the KOOS/FAOS subscale scores was pain 65 (range 42–69), symptoms 39 (range 25–50), the activity of daily living 41 (range 29–51), sport and recreational activities (sport/rec) 48 (range 40–60), and QoL 60 (range 57–72). The median improvement for the Eq5D index was 0.30 (range 0.26–0.36). Conclusion: Surgical treatment of insufficiency fractures in RA patients with bone void filler seems promising. Four out of five patients reported considerable improvement in function and QoL and substantially lower pain scores following treatment. More research is needed to investigate the efficacy of this novel surgical procedure. Keywords: Bone void filler, insufficiency fractures, surgical.
Customizable Hyperextension Splint for Mallet Finger
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, HOSMAT Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India,, Pai Satvik N , Jeyaraman Naveen ,   Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., Jeyaraman Madhan ,   Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Mallet finger is a common deformity occurring due to the traumatic detachment of the extensor tendon at its insertion in the distal phalanx. Despite several different methods of splinting being available, residual extensor lag remains one of the most common complications of conservative treatment. Technique Report: We demonstrate a novel technique to make a hyperextension splint which can be customized as per the individual. The pictorial demonstration depicts every step in the preparation, application, and maintenance of the splint. Conclusion: We believe that the use of such easily accessible materials and visual demonstration of each step, with pointers along the way to verify the correct technique, will empower any medical professional, to satisfactorily treat such injuries at the primary point of contact, without necessitating the services of a hand surgeon. Keywords: Mallet finger, splint, thermoplastic.
El horror de la Gran Guerra en Gallipoli (TV, Australia, 2015)
Authors: Barrenetxea Marañón Igor
Published: January 2024

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DELGADO CAVILLA, Pedro, Nazis, cine y ocultismo, Madrid, Diábolo Ediciones, 2023.
Authors: Cañas Pelayo Marcos Rafael
Published: January 2024

Reseña libro Nazis, cine y ocultismo