bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ҰЙЫМНЫҢ СТРАТЕГИЯЛЫҚ ДАМУЫ – ҰЙЫМДАСТЫРУ ҚҰРЫЛЫМЫН ЖЕТІЛДІРУДІҢ БІР ЖОЛЫ РЕТІНДЕ
Authors: Абузьярова Жанна
Published: September 2023

Қазіргі жағдайда өндірістік процесінде кәсіпорындардың технологиялық, өндірістік, ұйымдастырушылық әлеуетінде және нарықтағы тұтынушылық сұраныста бірқатар сәйкессіздіктер анықталды. Сәйкессіздік кәсіпорындарда қайта құрылымдау үдерісін, сәйкесінше кәсіпорындардың ұйымдық құрылымын енгізу үшін негіз болды. Сондықтан кәсіпорындар нарықтық экономиканың тиімді субъектілеріне айналғанға дейін кәсіпорынды нарықтық жағдайға бейімдеудің тиімді механизмін құру өзекті мәселе болып табылады.
Қазақстан экономикасы тәжірибеде жүргізілетін мемлекеттік инновациялық саясаттың, сондай-ақ тиімді басқару жүйесінің болмауына байланысты тұрақты экономикалық өсу перспективасынан айырылды. Осы себепті басқаруды ұйымдастыру тұжырымдамасы әзірленуде. Өндірісті техникалық қайта жарақтандыру және қайта құру, сондай-ақ инновациялық әлеуетті арттыру есебінен кәсіпорынды тиімді басқаруды қамтамасыз ету келесі көрсеткіштер негізінде жүзеге асырылуы мүмкін: біріншіден, ұйымның стратегиясын әзірлеуге сәйкес, екіншіден, ұйымдық басқару құрылымын қалыптастыруға байланысты, үшіншіден, нақты құндылықтардың жоспарланғаннан ауытқу себептерін талдауға және басқарушылық шешімдерді қабылдауға негізделген. ауытқуларды жою.
Осыған байланысты ұзақ мерзімді кешенді дамудың оңтайлы тұжырымдамасын жүзеге асыру қажет, ол өз кезегінде осы ұйымдық құрылым мен ұйымдастыру механизмін басқарудың нақты мақсаттарына сәйкес келтіруі керек. Бұл процесс ұйымдық қайта құрылымдау тұжырымдамасын әзірлеуді және кезең-кезеңімен жүзеге асыруды нақты қамтамасыз ету есебінен орын алады. Бұл даму тұжырымдамасы ұйымның мақсаттарына сәйкес жүзеге асырылатындықтан, жүйені ретке келтіру тұрақты болуы керек. Ұйымды мақсаттар жүйесі арқылы дамытудың бұл тұжырымдамасы оның ұйымдық басқару құрылымының даму бағытын барынша дәл анықтауға мүмкіндік береді. Ұйымның сыртқы қызмет ету жағдайларына оңтайлы бейімделуінің таңдалған стратегиясын қолдану шарты стратегиялық тиімді ұйымдық басқару құрылымының ең ұтымды анықтамасы болып табылады. Тиімділікті бағалау нақты ұйымдық құрылым үшін ғана емес, оны жақсартудың әртүрлі нұсқаларын салыстыру үшін де қажет.
Бұл мақаланың мақсаты қазіргі экономика жағдайында ұйымды басқарудың ұйымдық құрылымдарын жетілдірудің теориялық негіздері мен практикалық аспектілері болып табылады.
АЗАМАТТЫҚ ПРОЦЕСТЕГІ ҚОРҒАУШЫЛАР БОЙЫНША ҚЫЗМЕТ КӨРСЕТУДІҢ ӨЗЕКТІ МӘСЕЛЕЛЕРІ
Authors: Идресова Уздик , Айтмаханов Дидар , Муханова Адеми
Published: September 2023

Мақалада Қазақстан Республикасында құқық үстемдігін қамтамасыз ету және адам құқықтарын қорғау жүйесін іске асыру процесінде адвокаттар мен заң консультанттары қызметтерінің, бір – бірінен құқықтары мен міндеттерінің ерекшелі рөлі жазылған. Сонымен қатар, адвокаттар мен заң кеңесшілерінің шетелде (Жапония мемлекетінде) құқықтық мәртебесі мен құқықтық міндеттері. Жапония еліндегі ата заң Конституцияға енгізілген жаңа реформадағы өзгерістермен түзетулер, Жапонияда екінші дүниежізілік соғыстан кейінгі Конституцияның шағын тарихи мәлімдеме мен құқықтық жүйенің қалыптасу кезеңдерін, ұқсастықтарын, құқық салаларының даму тарихын, адвокатура қызметінің құзыреттерін жетілдіру және адвокаттар туралы заң мен білікті қызметкері болу үшін біліктілік емтиханынан өту ережелерінен, тағылымдамадан, адвокат қызметтің мерзімді аттестаттаудан өту ережесінің негізгі талаптарын қарастыру сипатталады. Екі ел арасындағы адвокаттық қызметтің қазіргі таңдағы жағдайлары, дәстүрлі мәселелері, тарихи кезеңдері, сондай-ақ Жапонияда заңгерлерді даярлау жүйесіне өзгерістер енгізілген құқықтық реформаның жаңартылуы туралы көрсетілген. Мақала Жапония елінде кәсіби құқықтық көмек көрсететін мамандарының жылдары қарқынды дамып келе жатырған халықаралық қатынаста шетелдік адвокаттардың ролі мен адвокаттар саны туралы көрсетіледі. Қоғамдық қатынастардың соның ішінде азаматтық қатынастардың туындау негіздері ретінде, азаматтық процесте өкіл бола алатын тұлғаның ролі және Жапония елінің «өкіл» терминінің құқықтық ерекшелітерінің ролі және өзге де сот актілерінен туындайтын қамқоршылық пен қорғаншылық қатынастар және адвокаттық қызмет көрсетулер сондай-ақ тегін көрсетілетін қызмет түрлері мен сот процесіндегі медиатрдың екі ел үшін алатын орны туралы баяндалған.
Awareness, Symptoms and Risk Factors Related to Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis in Middle Aged Adults of Rural Population
Authors: Gulzar Khushboo , Cheema Marryam , Asghar Shaharyar , Farooq Mirza , Shahzeb Sheikh , Bashir Muhammad
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage breakdown and functional impairment. Its incidence is rising due to factors such as aging, sedentary lifestyles and obesity. Early detection and intervention are crucial for managing the condition effectively. Risk factors include age, obesity, previous joint injuries, genetics and occupational factors. Improved understanding and awareness of knee osteoarthritis can help reduce its impact on individuals and health care systems. This study seeks to as certain how well-aware middle-aged adults of rural population about symptoms and risk factors of knee osteoarthritis. To determine the prevalence, signs, and risk factors for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis in middle-aged persons in rural areas.

Methodology: From March until the beginning of August 2023, a cross-sectional survey was undertaken in the Pakistani district of Sialkot to raise awareness about the study. Both men and women of Pakistani nationality were included, but only those who were 40 to 60 years old. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic traits, knowledge of the condition, symptoms, and risk factors associated with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis in middle-aged persons living in rural areas. Any ambiguities or concerns students had about the questions were clarified and addressed prior to the start of any data gathering activities.

Findings: There were 167 (45.26%) males and 202 (54.74%) females. The education level were 139 (37.94%) primary studied people, 96 (24.39%) middle studied people, 93 (25.47%) matric studied people and 45(12.20%) secondary studied people who lived in rural area.

Recommendations: In conclusion, improving middle-aged persons' low levels of OA awareness and understanding has enormous potential for both personal and societal well-being. We can enable this age group to take control of their health, make informed decisions, and contribute to a healthy society by targeting them with targeted educational campaigns, seminars, and treatments. The effects go beyond one's own health, including economic output, the transmission of health information between generations, and a greater feeling of social wellbeing.
Students’ Perception Regarding Mode of Learning in the Post COVID-19
Authors: Jamal Nur Faezah , Hasan Nurhasniza Idham Abu , Ghafar Nor Mariyah Abdul
Published: September 2023

The global pandemic of COVID-19 has impacted the educational system in the way teaching and learning are conducted. The outbreak is almost over now, and the implications of the transition from online learning back to face-to-face learning from the students’ viewpoint need to be investigated to improve the education system. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore students’ perceptions of face-to-face and online learning in terms of their experiences and perspectives, including engagement in the classroom, learning enjoyment, and self-motivation while learning. 130 undergraduate students were involved in this cross-sectional study using the convenience sampling method. Results show that most students prefer blended and face-to-face learning compared to online learning, where learning enjoyment recorded the highest mean scores, followed by students’ interaction and motivation. However, the students were more motivated during online learning, with the highest mean scores followed by learning enjoyment and interaction.
Examination of Teachers' Perceptions of Workplace Friendship and Organizational Happiness
Authors: DOĞAN Ümit , ABDURREZZAK Seyfettin , KARAGÖZOĞLU Ahmet Alper
Published: September 2023

This study aimed at investigating teachers' workplace friendship and organizational happiness perceptions levels and the relationship between them. The relational survey model, a quantitative research method, was employed in the study. 6024 teachers employed in public schools in Malatya in 2021-2022 academic year constituted the universe of the study. In this sense, 230 teachers selected using stratified sampling method participated in the study. In data collection three different tools were used: workplace friendship scale, organizational happiness scales and a personal information form which was developed by the researcher. SPSS 26.0 was used in the analysis of the data. The t-Test, ANOVA and Tukey test were performed. The findings showed that participants’ friendship opportunity perception in the schools they were working were quite high, while the friendship prevalence perceptions were lower. The findings revealed a strong and positive relationship between the friendship opportunity and friendship perceptions of the participants in the current environment and their positive feelings, which are the source of organizational happiness.
Formação em tradução entre competências, profissão e engajamento cívico: algumas reflexões sobre service-learning
Authors: Scampa Paolo , Ballerini Gaia , Bernardini Silvia , Calloni Tatiane Marques
Published: September 2023

A formação em tradução desenvolveu-se rapidamente nos últimos vinte anos e foi acompanhada por uma intensa reflexão sobre as competências e abordagens pedagógicas necessárias para adquiri-las, impulsionada também por iniciativas como a rede EMT (European Master’s in Translation), que têm favorecido o contato entre instituições de ensino superior formadoras de tradutores(as) profissionais. Recentemente, tem sido dedicada particular atenção sobretudo às competências mais estreitamente relacionadas à profissão. Este artigo pretende oferecer uma visão geral dos principais quadros de competências e das principais abordagens pedagógicas propostas para desenvolvê-las (informação não disponível sistematicamente em italiano). Com base nessas premissas, propõe a introdução de uma abordagem pedagógica conhecida como service-learning, atualmente testada em vários contextos universitários, na Itália e no exterior, cujo valor para a formação na área da tradução ainda é inexplorado. Como conclusão, este artigo oferece algumas sugestões práticas para a implementação do service-learning em contexto universitário italiano.
ANALISIS PERPINDAHAN PANAS TUNGKU PADA TUNNEL KILN UNTUK PROSES PEMBAKARAN BATA MERAH DI PT XYZ
Authors: Suriaman Irwan , Uus Supriatna  , M. Rizky Anugrah  , Rohman  , Dede Ardi Rajab  , Yadi Heryadi  , T.B.U. Adi Subekhi  , Wawan
Published: September 2023

Ceramics are widely used by people in industries for various purposes, for example to make cups and tiles. Currently ceramics are widely used in various industrial raw materials. Ceramics are used as materials for making spark plugs, electrical insulators, and raw materials for printing tools. The ceramics industry is energy intensive in utilizing electrical energy. The amount of energy absorption affects the amount of costs that must be incurred by companies for energy consumption. To reduce costs used by ceramic companies during production, the use of energy is a way to increase the efficiency of the tunnel kiln. Therefore, based on these problems, research was carried out to analyze the data resulting from measurements of the large flow rate of heat transfer by conduction in the thickness of the wall, the amount of heat loss lost by convection on the outside of the wall, and the amount of loss in production costs incurred due to heat loss. This aims to obtain a solution that saves electrical energy used in the production of ceramics. So it was obtained that the highest conduction was in the top firing zone of the core from burning red bricks with heat dissipation reaching 829.73 Watts. Meanwhile, the heat lost at a distance of 50 cm and at a distance of 100 cm is the top firing zone which has the greatest heat loss of up to 0.1 MW compared to the other zones. The preheating zone reaches 5 kW and the cooling zone reaches 16 kW.
OPTIMIZATION OF MACHINERY FIXTURE DESIGN THE MAIN COMPONENTS OF SLING BEARINGS USE A PNEUMATIC SYSTEM
Authors: Ramdhan Fuzi rachmat , Faiz Azri  , Ghany Heryana  , Dianta Mustofa Kamal  , Fuad Zainuri  , Hady Sofyan
Published: September 2023

Bantalan sling kereta gantung adalah salah satu komponen penting dalam sistem transportasi kereta gantung. Bantalan ini berfungsi untuk menopang beban kereta gantung dan mengurangi gesekan antara kereta dan rel/sling  sehingga kereta dapat bergerak dengan lancar dan aman. Untuk memproduksi bantalan sling yang berkualitas, diperlukan proses machining yang tepat dan akurat. Proses pembuatan bantalan sling kereta gantung melalui proses machining, dimana bahan mentah yang biasanya berupa logam atau paduan logam akan dipotong, dibentuk, dan dipoles untuk membentuk bentuk bantalan yang diinginkan.

Fixture machining adalah salah satu teknik yang umum digunakan dalam proses machining, dimana benda kerja dijepit atau dikencangkan pada suatu fixture yang telah dirancang secara khusus, sehingga benda kerja tetap stabil selama proses machining berlangsung. Tujuan rekayasa engineering ini adalah untuk menghasilkan rancangan fixture komponen bantalan sling dengan penambahan sistem pneumatic dalam peningkatan kuantitas dan kualitas produk pada mesin CNC dengan melakukan validasi desain melalui simulasi.

Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan pengujian dengan menggunakan fixture machining konvensional dan fixture machining yang dilengkapi dengan sistem pneumatic. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa fixture machining yang dilengkapi dengan sistem pneumatic mampu meningkatkan kecepatan dan efisiensi produksi bantalan sling kereta gantung hingga 20% dibandingkan dengan fixture konvensional. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting bagi industri pembuatan bantalan sling kereta gantung dalam meningkatkan efisiensi produksi dan kualitas produk akhir. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga dapat menjadi acuan untuk penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai optimalisasi proses produksi bantalan sling kereta gantung.
SETTING DP TRANSMITTER PARAMETERS WITH ZERO SUPPRESSION METHOD ON TANKS
Authors: Gatari Arianne , Yuliarman Saragih
Published: September 2023

Pada proses industri banyak yang harus dikendalikan. Diantaranya adalah tekanan (pressure) didalam sebuah pipa, aliran dalam pipa, suhu dan permukaan zat cair (level) disebuah tangki.  Transmitter digunakan sebagai pengubah sinyal fisis menjadi sinyal atau mengirimkan sinyal dari alat transmitter (sensor) ke kontroller dan dari kontroller ke pengatur akhir. Dalam hal ini akan dibahas pengukuran level dengan menghitung nilai transmiter agar mendapatkan hasil akurat sebelum di pasang di lapangan.
Usability Analysis of Atma Jaya Catholic University E-Learning Based on Human Computer Interaction
Authors: Christanto Henoch Juli , Sutresno Stephen Aprius , Suandi Vincentius Setiawan
Published: September 2023

E-learning UAJ is a system provided by Unika Atma Jaya to facilitate the learning process for both students and lecturers. However, this system is still rarely used, especially among engineering faculties. This forms the basis for conducting the following analysis. The purpose of this research is to measure the level of usability of the UAJ e-learning system. Usability analysis is carried out using five components of usability outlined by Jakob Nielsen: Learnability, Efficiency, Memorability, Errors, and Satisfaction. The indicators within these five components are then compiled into a questionnaire, which will be distributed to active lecturers and students across all faculties who utilize the UAJ e-learning platform. This study employs a Likert scale with five categories, ranging from category 1 indicating "very bad" to category 5 indicating "very good." Among the five usability criteria assessed for both students and lecturers, the majority of responses fell within category 3, indicating sufficiency. The average scores ranged from 14.122 to 18.731 for lecturers and from 19.825 to 21.845 for students. Overall, the usability level of the UAJ e-learning platform is deemed satisfactory, enabling more effective utilization by both lecturers and students. Additionally, the study results propose several solutions for enhancing the development of the UAJ e-learning system.
Black Box Testing of Futsal Field Rental Information Systems Using Automated Testing Method
Authors: Asrin Fauzan
Published: September 2023

A pivotal aspect of software development is testing, which serves as the final phase preceding the release of a software or information system. The realm of software testing encompasses a diverse array of methods, and within the scope of this investigation, the focus is on black box testing. In pursuit of this objective, the study leverages the capabilities of the Katalon Studio for Automated Testing. Its application is directed towards evaluating the functionality of an information system dedicated to the rental of futsal fields in the city of Singkawang. The essence of this examination lies in affirming the integrity of each feature and menu that constitutes the futsal field rental information system. This validation process is integral to ensuring that the system aligns seamlessly with the requisites of its users. The culmination of these testing endeavors culminates in the confirmation that the information system harmoniously resonates with user expectations. Consequently, it stands primed for implementation and subsequent release, signifying the attainment of a pivotal milestone in its development journey.
Factors Affecting Career Preferences and Pathways: Insights from IT Students
Authors: Mutanga Murimo Bethel , Piyose Philip Xolisa , Ndovela Sithembile
Published: September 2023

The selection of an appropriate career path plays a pivotal role in shaping students' futures and can greatly enhance their employability prospects. By making well-informed decisions, students can align their educational pursuits with their professional aspirations, ensuring a seamless transition from academia to the workforce. This study aims to investigate the career choices of IT students within the Department of ICT. Through an analysis of the career choices made by students in these specific areas, the research seeks to uncover the underlying factors that influence their decision-making processes. By examining the career preferences of IT students, this research endeavor seeks to provide valuable insights into the motivations, interests, and aspirations that drive their choice of specialization. Additionally, it aims to explore how external factors, such as industry trends, job market demands, and personal experiences, impact their decision-making. Understanding these factors can offer valuable guidance to educational institutions, curriculum developers, and career advisors, enabling them to provide tailored support and guidance to IT students, thus facilitating more informed career decisions. Ultimately, the findings of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the career preferences and pathways within the IT field. This knowledge can aid educators and institutions in developing relevant and responsive curricula, fostering an environment that nurtures students' talents and equips them with the necessary skills and knowledge for their chosen career paths. Additionally, it can assist students in making informed choices that align with their passions and long-term goals, ultimately enhancing their employability and success in the dynamic and ever-evolving IT industry.
Reduction in vehicular emissions attributable to the Covid-19 lockdown in Shanghai: insights from 5 years of monitoring-based machine learning
Authors: Wang Meng , Duan Yusen , Zhang Zhuozhi , Yuan Qi , Li Xinwei , Han Shuwen , Huo Juntao , Chen Jia , Lin Yanfen , Fu Qingyan , Wang Tao , Cao Junji , Lee Shun-cheng
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Exposure to elemental carbon (EC) and NOx is a
public health issue that has been gaining increasing interest, with high
exposure levels generally observed in traffic environments, e.g., roadsides.
Shanghai, home to approximately 25 million in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD)
region in eastern China, has one of the most intensive traffic activity levels in
the world. However, our understanding of the trend in vehicular emissions
and, in particular, in response to the strict Covid-19 lockdown is limited
partly due to the lack of a long-term observation dataset and application of
advanced mathematical models. In this study, NOx and EC were
continuously monitored at a sampling site near a highway in western Shanghai for
5 years (2016–2020). The long-term dataset was used to train the machine
learning model, rebuilding NOx and EC in a business-as-usual (BAU)
scenario for 2020. The reduction in NOx and EC attributable to the lockdown
was found to be smaller than it appeared because the first week of the lockdown
overlapped with the Lunar New Year holiday, whereas, at a later stage of
the lockdown, the reduction (50 %–70 %) attributable to the lockdown
was more
significant, consistent with the satellite monitoring of NO2 showing
reduced traffic on a regional scale. In contrast, the impact of the
lockdown
on vehicular emissions cannot be represented well by simply comparing the
concentration before and during the lockdown for conventional campaigns.
This study demonstrates the value of continuous air pollutant monitoring at
a roadside on a long-term basis. Combined with the advanced mathematical
model, air quality changes due to future emission control and/or event-driven
scenarios are expected to be better predicted.
Technical note: Skirt chamber – an open dynamic method for the rapid and minimally intrusive measurement of greenhouse gas emissions from peatlands
Authors: Thalasso Frederic , Riquelme Brenda , Gómez Andrés , Mackenzie Roy , Aguirre Francisco Javier , Hoyos-Santillan Jorge , Rozzi Ricardo , Sepulveda-Jauregui Armando
Published: September 2023

Abstract. We present a reliable and robust open dynamic chamber for
measuring greenhouse gas exchange in peatlands with minimal disturbance of
the ground. This chamber, called the “skirt chamber”, is based on a
transparent plastic film placed above an open frame made of sparse
interwoven wires and expanded around the base of the chamber below a steel
chain that ensures contact to the ground, avoiding damage, trenching, and
cutting vegetation. Gas exchange is determined using a portable gas analyzer
from a mass balance in which the imperfect sealing of the chamber to the
ground is quantified through the injection of a methane pulse. The method was
tested on a pristine peatland dominated by Sphagnum magellanicum located on Navarino Island in
the subantarctic Magellanic ecoregion in Chile. Our results indicate that
the skirt chamber allowed the determination of methane fluxes and ecosystem
respiration in about 20 min, with a limit of detection of 0.185 mg
CH4 m−2 h−1 and 173 mg CO2 m−2 h−1,
respectively. We conclude that the skirt chamber is a minimally intrusive,
fast, portable, and inexpensive method that allows the quantification of
greenhouse gas emissions with high spatial resolution in remote locations
and without delay.
Atmosphere–cryosphere interactions during the last phase of the Last Glacial Maximum (21 ka) in the European Alps
Authors: Del Gobbo Costanza , Colucci Renato R. , Monegato Giovanni , Žebre Manja , Giorgi Filippo
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Evidence that during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) glaciers extended well into the piedmont plains is still identifiable in the alpine foreland as a system of well-preserved moraines. Glaciers are strongly controlled by temperature and precipitation, and therefore, they are excellent indicators of climate change. Here, we use a regional climate model (RCM) to investigate some of the physical processes sustaining Alpine glaciers during the last phase of the LGM during Greenland Stadial 2 at 21 ka. We find a predominance of convection during summer and increased southwesterly stratiform precipitation over the southern Alps when compared to pre-industrial (PI) conditions. This precipitation pattern, along with lower temperatures, determined summer snowfall extending to low elevations, with a consequent substantial drop of the equilibrium line altitude (ELA), which is consistent with the estimated LGM glacier extent. Our RCM-based estimates of 21 ka ELA at the LGM yield excellent consistency with Alpine ELA reconstructions, further demonstrating the great potential of this technique for use in palaeoclimate studies.
Probability estimation of March 1989-like geomagnetic storms and their relevance for the insurance industry
Authors: Akkor Deniz Güney , Özden Halit Ünal
Published: September 2023

Abstract. This study employs Extreme Value Theory (EVT) to estimate the probability of geomagnetic storms of comparable magnitude to the March 1989 event and to assess the implications of such storms for the insurance industry. To calculate return periods for extreme events, historical Dst data from the World Data Centre for Geomagnetism are combined with the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution, maximum likelihood estimation, and the Peaks Over Threshold (POT) approach. The findings suggest that there is a 7.14 % to 8.33 % chance of a geomagnetic storm of equivalent severity occurring during the next 70 years (with a 95 % confidence interval). This study helps us understand the frequency and severity of extreme geomagnetic storms and helps the insurance industry make judgments about risk management.
A bottom-up emission estimate for the 2022 Nord-Stream gas leak: derivation, simulations and evaluation
Authors: Kouznetsov Rostislav , Hänninen Risto , Uppstu Andreas , Kadantsev Evgeny , Fatahi Yalda , Prank Marje , Kouznetsov Dmitrii , Noe Steffen Manfred , Junninen Heikki , Sofiev Mikhail
Published: September 2023

Abstract. A major release of methane from the Nord Stream pipelines occurred in the Baltic sea on 26 September 2022. Elevated levels of methane were recorded at many observational sites in northern Europe. While it is relatively straightforward to estimate the total emitted amount from the incidents (around 330 kt of methane), the detailed vertical and temporal distributions of the releases are needed for numerical simulations of the incident. Based on information from public media and basic physical concepts, we reconstructed vertical profiles and temporal evolution of the methane releases from the broken pipes, and simulated subsequent transport of the released methane in the atmosphere. Since we used pure-methane assumption, the inventory total amounts to 290 kt of methane. The emission rates were calculated with a numerical solution of a problem of a gas leak from a half-opened pressurized pipe. Initial vertical distribution of the released gas was derived from a parametrization for an injection height of buoyant plumes, and validated with a set of large-eddy simulations by means of UCLALES model. The estimated emission source was used to simulate the dispersion of the gas plume with the SILAM chemistry transport model. The simulated fields of the excess methane led to noticeable increase of concentrations at several carbon-monitoring stations in the Baltic Sea region. Comparison of the simulated and observed time series indicated an agreement within a couple of hours between timing of the plume arrival/departure at the stations with observed methane peaks. Comparison of absolute levels was quite uncertain. At most of the stations the magnitude of the observed and modelled peaks was comparable with natural variability of methane concentrations. The magnitude of peaks at a few stations close to the release was well above natural variability, however the magnitude of the peaks was very sensitive to minor uncertainties in the emission vertical profile and in the meteorology used to drive SILAM. The obtained emission inventory and the simulation results can be used for further analysis of the incident and its climate impact. They can also be used as a test case for atmospheric dispersion models.
The ABoVE L-band and P-band Airborne SAR Surveys
Authors: Miller Charles , Griffith Peter C. , Hoy Elizabeth , Pinto Naiara S. , Lou Yunling , Hensley Scott , Chapman Bruce D. , Baltzer Jennifer , Bakian-Dogaheh Kazem , Bolton W. Robert , Bourgeau-Chavez Laura , Chen Richard H. , Choe Byung-Hun , Clayton Leah  K. , Douglas Thomas A. , French Nancy , Holloway Jean E. , Hong Gang , Huang Lingcao , Iwahana Go , Jenkins Liza , Kimball John S. , Loboda Tatiana , Mack Michelle , Marsh Philip , Michaelides Roger J. , Moghaddam Mahta , Parsekian Andrew , Schaefer Kevin , Siqueira Paul R. , Singh Debjani , Tabatabaeenejad Alireza , Turetsky Merritt , Touzi Ridha , Wig Elizabeth , Wilson Cathy , Wilson Paul , Wullschleger Stan D. , Yi Yonghong , Zebker Howard A. , Zhang Yu , Zhao Yuhuan , Goetz Scott J.
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Permafrost-affected ecosystems of the Arctic-boreal zone in northwestern North America are undergoing profound transformation as a result of rapid climate change. NASA’s Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (ABoVE) is investigating characteristics that make these ecosystems vulnerable or resilient to this change. ABoVE employs airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) as a powerful tool to characterize tundra, taiga, peatlands, and fens. Here, we present an annotated guide to the L-band and P-band airborne SAR data acquired during the 2017, 2018, and 2019 ABoVE airborne campaigns. We provide a detailed description of the ~80 SAR flight lines and how each fits into the ABoVE experimental design. Extensive maps, tables, and hyperlinks give direct access to every flight plan as well as individual flight lines. We illustrate the powerful interdisciplinary nature of airborne SAR data with examples of preliminary results from ABoVE studies including: boreal forest canopy structure from tomoSAR data over Delta Junction, AK and the BERMS site in northern Saskatchewan; active layer thickness and soil moisture data product validation. This paper is presented as a guide to enable interested readers to fully explore the ABoVE L- and P-band SAR data.
Las personas mayores en la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos
Authors: Ferrer Mac-Gregor Eduardo
Published: September 2023

El artículo tiene como finalidad advertir los avances en la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos respecto de las personas mayores como grupo especialmente vulnerable y propenso a la discriminación. Se parte de las acciones que se adoptaron en los ámbitos universal y regional de derechos humanos para ir reconociendo derechos específicos a este grupo, destacando los aportes particulares del Sistema Interamericano de Protección de Derechos Humanos. El análisis jurisprudencial comienza con la etapa en que tangencialmente se hacía referencia a este grupo, para después analizar la etapa actual en la que la edad se incorpora vía interpretativa como categoría de especial protección en el artículo 1.1. de la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos, advirtiendo la manera en que confluye en forma interseccional con otras categorías protegidas por el propio Pacto de San José. De manera particular se destaca el enfoque diferenciado que ha adoptado de manera reciente la Corte Interamericana. Se desarrolla con mayor rigurosidad el contenido y alcances de los derechos de las personas mayores, y se acentúan los particulares impactos que tienen las violaciones de derechos humanos relacionadas con la salud, el acceso a la justicia, la seguridad económica y el medio ambiente.
Self-fashioning and Personal Portability in Nora Webster
Authors: Pires Lídia Apolinario , Ferreira Rejane de Souza , Torres Sonia
Published: September 2023

In this article, we will analyze Nora Webster (2014) by ColmTóibín. This novel tells the story of the protagonist’s journey towardsrestructuring her life with her children after the death of her husband.We propose to examine how the transformations experienced by Noraare influenced by the historical-social context in which she finds herselfand how this affects her family unit and her identity. We understand thatthis work can be analyzed from the perspective of “portability”. This termwas first employed by Costello-Sullivan (2012) to discuss the culturalportability existing in Brooklyn (2011), another novel by Tóibín.
Análise morfológica e motivação dos orônimos de Tasso Fragoso-MA
Authors: Martins Mendes Geane , Dias de Castro Maria Célia
Published: September 2023

Este trabalho relaciona-se ao Atlas Toponímico do Estado do Maranhão e baseia-se nos estudos do léxico, Onomástica, campo da Toponímia, com o objetivo de analisar a estrutura morfológica dos orônimos do município de Tasso Fragoso-MA, bem como os aspectos icônicos que subjazem à motivação na escolha dos nomes desses acidentes geográficos. Os resultados apontam para a alta recorrência do uso de substantivos para denominar os lugares e revelam a metonímia como um processo básico para referenciar os acidentes físicos dos nomes em estudo.
Propriedades coesivas e semânticopragmáticas do conector complexo por isso no português brasileiro contemporâneo
Authors: Lopes Monclar Guimarães , Rabello Mayra Laurindo
Published: September 2023

Neste artigo, descrevemos as propriedades coesivas e semântico-pragmáticas do conector complexo por isso no português brasileiro contemporâneo. Para esse fim, analisamos 100 dados de uso do Corpus do Português (base Now) à luz dos pressupostos teóricos da Linguística Funcional Centrada no Uso e da Linguística Textual. Nossos resultados apontam que o referido conector apresenta três aspectos particulares que não constam dos compêndios gramaticais: i) assume três valores semânticos distintos no domínio da causalidade; ii) possui propriedades coesivas tanto sequenciais quanto referenciais; iii) articula orações, períodos e parágrafos, com diferenças quanto ao escopo remissivo nesses três níveis.
Abordaje farmacológico integral del tratamiento de la reactivación de la enfermedad de Chagas en pacientes con HIV/sida
Authors: Pasteur Leila M.
Published: September 2023

La reactivación de la enfermedad de Chagas en pacientes HIV/sida con bajos recuentos de LTCD4 es un problema que complica el manejo de ambas infecciones. Se dispone actualmente de dos fármacos antichagásicos con eficacia debidamente documentada en pacientes no coinfectados. Sin embargo, existe poca evidencia y experiencia clínica en cuanto a la eficacia y la seguridad del tratamiento integral en este grupo de pacientes susceptibles de sufrir distintos efectos adversos a fármacos y con altas tasas de mortalidad a corto y mediano plazo. En el presente artículo se describen las consideraciones (en especial las que atañen a la potenciación de efectos adversos y la posibilidad de interacciones farmacológicas), que deben tenerse en cuenta acerca del tratamiento antirretroviral, antichagásico y anticonvulsivante conjunto y los esquemas terapéuticos más adecuados para pacientes coinfectados.
COMBINATION OF MECHATRONIC ENGINEERING AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Oksana Nass  , Бекенова Сандугаш , Bekenova Anargul , Mutalova Zhazira
Published: September 2023

This article discusses the main issues of artificial intelligence and its implementation in the daily life of people in the form of control systems of mechatronic systems.

Due to the intensive implementation of the latest achievements of scientific and technical progress, a new element base, new technologies for implementing the principles and laws of creating artificial intelligence appeared. Mechatronics is an independent fundamental technical science as the basis of modern technological equipment.

Mechatronics is one of the most promising engineering fields, which is a combination of interdisciplinary engineering courses such as mechanics, electrical engineering, electronics, robotics, computer science, control systems and product development. Therefore, in the modern conditions of technological development, industrial enterprises, including mining enterprises, are more in need of specialists with the skills of managing complex technological equipment and, at the same time, electropneumatics, electrohydraulics and electromechanics. In order to understand modern automation and mechatronics systems, one must not only have knowledge of their components, but also the ability to set up and adjust the operation of these systems. With the rapid development of scientific computing, artificial intelligence technology is widely used in mechatronics. The article describes the connection and combination of mechatronics engineering and artificial intelligence technology.

The methods of analysis, comparative analysis, and analytical research are aimed at determining the rationality of the combination of mechatronic engineering and artificial intelligence technology. The article discusses how mechatronics engineering using artificial intelligence technology can meet the development needs of modern society.
The joint influence of quality assurance and postponement on a hybrid multi-item manufacturing-delivery decision-making
Authors: Chiu Yuan-Shyi P. , Chen Hung-Yi , Chiu Victoria , Chiu Singa Wang , Wu Hsiao-Chun
Published: September 2023

The present research explores the collective influence of quality assurance and postponement on a hybrid multiproduct replenishing-delivery decision-making. Assume the required multiproduct has a standard (common) component, and our replenishing-delivery model has incorporated a two-phase postponement strategy. The first phase makes all standard components and hires an external supplier to partially provide the required parts to cut short the needed uptime. In contrast, the second phase fabricates the finished multiproduct in sequence. To ensure the desired merchandise quality, we apply a quality-assurance action to the in-house processes to screen and remove scrap items and rework the repairable defects in both stages. Upon completing each merchandise, these products are transported to the customer in n fixed-quantity shipment in fixed-time intervals. We employ math modeling and formulating approaches to gain the overall supply-chain operating expenses comprising subcontracting, fabricating, stock holding, transportation, and customer holding costs. By minimizing system operating expenses, this research determines the optimal replenishing-delivery policy. Lastly, we give a numerical example to demonstrate our study’s applicability and usefulness/capability for facilitating managerial decision-making.
A dynamic scheduling method with Conv-Dueling and generalized representation based on reinforcement learning
Authors: Xia Minghao , Liu Haibin , Li Mingfei , Wang Long
Published: September 2023

In modern industrial manufacturing, there are uncertain dynamic disturbances between processing machines and jobs which will disrupt the original production plan. This research focuses on dynamic multi-objective flexible scheduling problems such as the multi-constraint relationship among machines, jobs, and uncertain disturbance events. The possible disturbance events include job insertion, machine breakdown, and processing time change. The paper proposes a conv-dueling network model, a multidimensional state representation of the job processing information, and multiple scheduling objectives for minimizing makespan and delay time, while maximizing the completion punctuality rate. We design a multidimensional state space that includes job and machine processing information, an efficient and complete intelligent agent scheduling action space, and a compound scheduling reward function that combines the main task and the branch task. The unsupervised training of the network model utilizes the dueling-double-deep Q-network (D3QN) algorithm. Finally, based on the multi-constraint and multi-disturbance production environment information, the multidimensional state representation matrix of the job is used as input and the optimal scheduling rules are output after the feature extraction of the conv-dueling network model and decision making. This study carries out simulation experiments on 50 test cases. The results show the proposed conv-dueling network model can quickly converge for DQN, DDQN, and D3QN algorithms, and has good stability and universality. The experimental results indicate that the scheduling algorithm proposed in this paper outperforms DQN, DDQN, and single scheduling algorithms in all three scheduling objectives. It also demonstrates high robustness and excellent comprehensive scheduling performance.
Infiltração de água no solo medida com simulador de chuva e infiltrômetro de Cornell
Authors: Ramos Júlio César , Spagnollo Evandro , Schmidt Fabiana
Published: September 2023

A determinação incorreta da infiltração de água no solo pode superestimar ou subestimar o espaçamento entre terraços em uma lavoura. O presente trabalho objetivou comparar dois equipamentos para determinar o volume infiltrado e a taxa constante de infiltração de água em um Nitossolo. O experimento foi realizado em 2018 com 5 repetições, composto pelos seguintes tratamentos: 1) simulador de chuvas em solo sob plantio direto; 2) simulador de chuvas em solo sob plantio direto após semeadura de feijão; 3) Infiltrômetro de Cornell em solo sob plantio direto; 4) Infiltrômetro de Cornell em solo sob plantio direto após semeadura de feijão. Não foi observada diferença entre os equipamentos e nem efeito da presença de linha de semeadura do solo para a taxa constante de infiltração de água no solo. Para avaliação da lâmina de água infiltrada, ambas as metodologias de simulação de chuvas obtêm os mesmos resultados.
Flutuação populacional de tripes em armadilhas Moericke de diferentes cores em cultivo de morangueiro semi-hidropônico
Authors: Dos Santos Janaína Pereira , Wamser Anderson Fernando , Valmorbida Janice , Caldeira Lins Junior Juracy , Mendes de Haro Marcelo
Published: September 2023

Os tripes são importantes insetos-praga do morangueiro e o uso de armadilhas para a captura e o monitoramento destes insetos é um método prático e de baixo custo. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a flutuação populacional e a eficiência de armadilhas coloridas do tipo Moericke na captura de tripes em cultivo semi-hidropônico de morangueiro San Andreas, em Caçador, SC. As coletas dos tripes ocorreram de outubro de 2019 a outubro de 2021, utilizando-se armadilhas Moericke feitas com bacias de coloração branca, amarela e azul. As armadilhas foram distribuídas completamente ao acaso, com quatro repetições por cor, dispostas na mesma altura da bancada de cultivo. Para a contagem dos tripes, amostras de 20mL de água foram coletadas semanalmente do fundo de cada bacia. Os dados foram transformados em ln(x) e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p≤0,05). Os dados de contagem e as variáveis meteorológicas foram submetidos à análise de correlação de Pearson (p≤ 0,01 e 0,05) pelo teste t de Student. A população de tripes aumenta no início da primavera (setembro e outubro), com picos populacionais no verão (janeiro, fevereiro e março). Em julho a população reduz em função da diminuição das temperaturas. A armadilha de coloração azul foi a mais eficiente na captura de tripes. O monitoramento semanal dos tripes com armadilha do tipo Moericke permite observar os picos populacionais e auxilia na tomada de decisão de controle da praga em cultivo de morangueiro semi-hidropônico.
Chuvas intensas para dimensionamento de calhas e condutores pluviais no estado de Santa Catarina
Authors: Back Alvaro Jose , Panatto Marina Patricio , Souza Gabriel da Silva
Published: September 2023

O dimensionamento de estruturas de captação e condução de água da chuva deve levar em consideração a intensidade da chuva local. A norma técnica vigente recomenda dimensionar as calhas e condutores baseando-se na intensidade da chuva com duração de 5 minutos e período de retorno de 25 anos. No presente estudo foram utilizadas as equações IDF atualizadas para Santa Catarina, baseadas em 176 estações pluviométricas com séries de dados de chuva maiores que 30 anos de observação. Desta forma foram determinadas as intensidades de chuva com duração de 5 minutos e período de retorno de 25 anos através das equações IDF. As intensidades de chuva variam de 140 a 215mm h-1 com os maiores valores observados na região de Florianópolis, Litoral Norte e Extremo Oeste do Estado. Os menores valores ocorrem na região do Médio Vale do Itajaí. Os dados foram espacializados a fim de se obterem os valores médios representativos de cada município do Estado. Observaram-se diferenças importantes em relação aos valores normalmente usados nas tabelas técnicas de calhas pluviais, evidenciando a necessidade de novos estudos em função da atualização das equações de chuvas intensas.
GAMBARAN MOTILITAS SPERMATOZOA PADA PENGONSUMSI ALKOHOL DI KECAMATAN MAMAJANG
Authors: Raden Sukmawaty , Azis Nurul Ni'ma , Basarang Mujahidah , Widyanti Tuty , Nurhidayat Nurhidayat , Aswar Muhammad , Rasiyanto Effendy
Published: September 2023

Alkohol adalah senyawa organik yang mengandung gugus fungsi hidroksil dan sering dikonsumsi dalam bentuk minuman oleh sebagian orang. Konsumsi minuman beralkohol secara berlebihan akan berdampak buruk terhadap perubahan fisiologis spermatozoa, baik jumlah dan kualitas. Hal ini disebabkan oleh masuknya alkohol ke aliran darah menuju ke testis sehingga akan mempengaruhi sel-sel leydig dan sel sertoli di testis yang memainkan peran penting dalam pematangan sel spermatozoa. Untuk mengetahui perubahan fisiologis spermatozoa maka dilakukan analisis spermatozoa untuk mengetahui motilitas spermatozoa yang progresif, non-progresif, dan immotil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui motilias spermatozoa pada pengonsumsi alkohol. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara observasi laboratorik dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sebanyak 10 sampel dengan menggunakan metode mikroskopik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan 1 sampel (10%) memperlihatkan spermatozoa yang bergerak secara lurus dan konstan yang menunjukan bahwa spermatozoa tersebut adalah spermatozoa yang progresif dan 9 sampel (90%) menunjukan motilitas spermatozoa yang tidak progresif yang ditandai dengan pergerakan yang sempit serta arah yang tidak beraturan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah 10% menunjukkan motilitas yang tidak normal dan 90% menunjukan motilitas spermatozoa normal.
What Does it Mean to Say “The Criminal Justice System is Racist”?
Authors: Wirts Amelia M.
Published: September 2023

This paper considers three possible ways of understanding the claim that the American criminal justice system is racist: individualist, “patterns”-based, and ideology-based theories of institutional racism. It rejects an individualist explanation of institutional racism because such an explanation fails to explain the widespread prevalence of anti-black racism in this system or indeed in the United States. It considers a “patterns” account of institutional racism, where consistent patterns of disparate racial effect mimic the structure of intentional projects of racial subjugation like slavery or Jim Crow. While a “patterns” account helpfully directs attention to the effects of policies and practices that make up an institution, it does not fully explain the deep roots of anti-blackness in the criminal justice system in the United States. The paper concludes by defending an ideology-based theory of institutional racism for understanding the criminal justice system because the stereotype of the black criminal has a mutually reinforcing relationship with the patterns of disparate outcome for black people in the criminal justice system. This relationship creates a looping effect where the stereotype of the black criminal fuels the disproportionate involvement of black people in the criminal justice system, and the disproportionate representation of black people with felony records, in prisons, brutalized in police encounters, and so on reinforces the idea that black people are especially prone to criminality. Ideological approaches to racism that integrate attention to the patterns of disparate effect best explain what it means to say that the criminal justice system is racist.