bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of Lipids’ Metabolism with Vitamin D Receptor (rs10735810, rs222857) and Angiotensinogen (rs699) Genes Polymorphism in Essential Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Repchuk Yuliya , Sydorchuk Larysa , Fedoniuk Larysa , Nebesna Zoia , Vasiuk Valentyna , Sydorchukv Andrii , Iftoda Oksana
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are the most spread cause of mortality in the world. Essential arterial hypertension (EAH), as a major risk factor for the development of CV diseases, is a multifactorial disease involving environmental and genetic factors together with risk-conferring behaviors.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to analyze lipid metabolism changes in patients with EAH depending on the Vitamin D receptor (VDR rs2228570 (aka rs10735810)) and angiotensinogen (AGT rs699) genes polymorphism.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The single-stage study involved 100 patients suffering from Stage 2 EAH, 1–3 degrees of blood pressure increase, high and very high CV risks, 21% (21) men, and 79% (79) women. The average age of patients was 59.86 ± 6.22 years old. The control group included 60 practically healthy individuals of an appropriate age and sex distribution. To examine the VDR gene (rs10735810, rs2228570) and AGT gene (rs699) polymorphism, a qualitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was made. The lipid metabolism was studied by determining the blood plasma content of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TGs).

RESULTS: Т allele of AGT gene is associated with reduced HDL-C level in men and increased TGs level in women. The EAH risk increases 4.5 times as much among the ТС-genotype carriers and lowered HDL-C level (odds ratio [OR] = 6.43; p = 0.01). The EAH risk increases as far as the HDL-C level reduction, irrespective of the VDR gene alleles condition 1.83 times (OR = 2.37; OR 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–5.51; p = 0.04) and 1.9 times (OR=2.43; OR 95% CI: 0.99–5.97; p = 0.04). HDL-C reduction and LDL-C elevation in women increase the EAH risk 2.4 times (OR = 3.27; p = 0.01) and 1.24 times (OR = 3.67; p = 0.01), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: The EAH risk increases with a reduced HDL-C level in the TC genotype carriers of the AGT gene and irrespective of VDR gene polymorphic variants.
Antioxidant Activity of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) Leaf Extract on the Levels of Ovarian Oxidative Stress and Reproductive Hormone in Rattus norvegicus Exposed to Cigarette Smoke
Authors: Ningrum Astika Gita , Frety Endyka Erye , Diah Ivon , Shabran Zidni Hasbuna , Setiani Rida Eka , Dewi Erni Rosita
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) is a wild plant that grows in Indonesia and is considered a weed, but it has the highest antioxidant activity in the leaves and stems. Cigarette smoke is one of the exogenous free radicals that can enter blood circulation, interfering with all cells and tissues in the body, including reproductive organs.

AIM: The research aims to examine the antioxidant effect of purslane leaf extract on oxidative stress levels (ovarian malondialdehyde [MDA] levels) and reproductive hormone levels (follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH] and 17ß-estradiol) in female white rats exposed to cigarette smoke.

METHODS: This study is an experimental study with randomized post only control group design, using 12-week-old female Wistar strain Rattus norvegicus weighing about 200–250 g divided into four treatment groups (n = 6). Negative control without exposure to cigarette smoke and purslane leaf extract (K), cigarette group with cigarette smoke 1 stick/day administration without purslane leaf extract (P1), purslane group with purslane leaf extract 200 mg/Kg BW without exposure to cigarette smoke (P2), and group the group with cigarette smoke 1 stick/day accompanied by purslane leaf extract 200 mg/Kg BW administration (P3). Ovarian MDA measurement measures MDA levels as an indicator of oxidative stress in the ovaries determined by the spectrophotometry method. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method measured the measurement of FSH and 17ß-estradiol levels in blood taken intracardially through the right ventricle of the heart.

RESULTS: The results showed that purslane leaf extract at a 200 mg/Kg BW dose reduced ovarian MDA levels of female white rats exposed to cigarette smoke significantly with p < 0.05.

CONCLUSION: However, there has been no significant change in FSH and 17ß-estradiol.
The Balance of Spiritual and Nutritional Needs Improves the Well-being of Cancer Patients during Chemotherapy
Authors: Sriati Aat , Rahayuwati Laili , Komariah Maria , Hendrawati Hendrawati , Amira Iceu , Senjaya Sukma , Maulana Indra , Widianti Efri
Published: November 2021

Background. The high prevalence and incidence of breast cancer in Indonesia remains a disheartening issue, for it has turned out to be a threat for the quality of Indonesian women’s life. Let alone the fact that the patients and their families often lose interest in recognizing the issue of breast cancer, both benign and malignant. Besides, the problem faced by breast cancer patients in determining which kind of diagnosis or best therapy is still overlooked by the patients as well as their family members. This includes their indifference toward the patients’ nutrition during chemotherapy, which now thus must be taken into consideration.
Purpose. This research aims at observing the needs in general breast cancer patients during their chemotherapy and post-therapy period.
Methods. This research is the result of qualitative data collected by case study on 17 breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in Al-Ihsan Hospital, Bandung District and Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung City. These patients have undergone an in-depth interview either on their own or accompanied by a family member.
Results. The result of the qualitative research is obtained through content analysis observation, showing a shallow understanding about therapy, both generally and specifically, regarding the importance of increasing spiritual support besides nutrition and the escalation of its amount on the patient and their families. In fact, one of the things that support the patient’s immune system during their chemotherapy is the sufficient condition of nutrition. Not only that, the result shows that cancer survivors claim they keep spiritual aspect and a balanced intake of nutrition during and after therapy.
Conclusion. Therefore, it is necessary to make a formula about spiritual and nutritional needs of breast cancer patients, in the preparatory, momentary, and preempting stage of chemotherapy.
The Optimal Cutoff Value of D-dimer Levels to Predict in Hospital Mortality in Severe Cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Suastika Ngakan Ketut Wira , Suega Ketut
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) can cause coagulation parameters abnormalities such as an increase of D-dimer levels especially in severe cases. The purpose of this study is to determine the differences of D-dimer levels in severe cases of Covid-19 who survived and non-survived and determine the optimal cut-off value of D-dimer levels to predict in-hospital mortality.
Method: Data were obtained from confirmed Covid-19 patients who were treated from June to September 2020. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine differences of D-dimer levels in surviving and non-surviving patients. The optimal cut-off value and area under the curve (AUC) of the D-dimer level in predicting mortality were obtained by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) method.
Results: A total of 80 patients were recruited in this study. Levels of D-dimer were significantly higher in non-surviving patients (median 3.346 mg/ml; minimum – maximum: 0.939 – 50.000 mg/ml) compared to surviving patients (median 1.201 mg/ml; minimum – maximum: 0.302 – 29.425 mg/ml), p = 0.012. D-dimer levels higher than 1.500 mg/ml are the optimal cut-off value for predicting mortality in severe cases of Covid-19 with a sensitivity of 80.0%; specificity of 64.3%; and area under the curve of 0.754 (95% CI 0.586 - 0.921; p = 0.010).
Conclusions: D-dimer levels can be used as a predictor of mortality in severe cases of Covid-19.
Songs and morphology in three species of the Chorthippus biguttulus group (Orthoptera, Acrididae, Gomphocerinae) in Russia and adjacent countries
Authors: Tarasova Tatiana , Tishechkin Dmitry , Vedenina Varvara
Published: November 2021

Songs and morphology are compared betweenChorthippus miramae(Vorontsovsky, 1928) that was previously named asC. porphyropterusand two other closely related species,C. brunneus(Thunberg, 1815) andC. maritimusMistshenko, 1951. We compare them because the calling song ofC. miramaewas previously shown to have song elements similar to those of other two species. One morphological character, the length of stridulatory file, appeared to be the best character to distinguish between all three species. ForC. maritimusandC. miramae, we present the morphological descriptions since they are absent in the literature. We also establish the synonymyC. maritimus = C. bornhalmiHarz, 1971,syn. n.=C. biguttulus eximiusMistshenko, 1951,syn. n.In the song analysis, we analyse not only the sound but also the leg-movement pattern, which is very helpful to find a homology between various song elements. We show that the calling song ofC. miramaeusually contains two elements, one element being similar to theC. brunneuscalling song, and another – to theC. maritimuscalling song. Despite some similarities, the calling song elements inC. miramaehave some peculiarities. The courtship song ofC. miramaeis similar to theC. brunneussong, whereas the rivalry songs ofC. miramaecomprise both themaritimus-like elements and the unique ones.C. miramaegenerally demonstrates a richer song repertoire than the other two species.
La quasi-expérimentation : comment mettre la recherche au service des organisations ?
Authors: Roussillon Soyer Claude , Igalens Jacques , Guillot Soulez Chloé
Published: November 2021

Cet article montre l’intérêt de renforcer la coopération entre les chercheurs et les organisations en développant les recherches de nature quasi-expérimentale. Nous illustrons les principaux avantages des quasi-expérimentations par le cas d’une recherche menée avec des Etablissement d’Hébergement pour Personnes Agées Dépendantes (EHPAD).
Le reporting sociétal : mythe ou réalité ?
Authors: Jeriji Maher , Ftiti Zied , Louhichi Waël
Published: November 2021

Le reporting sociétal est censé véhiculer des informations qui réduiront l’asymétrie informationnel et fourniront une image fidèle de la performance globale de l’entreprise. Toutefois, les entreprises n’hésiteraient pas à adopter des stratégies de communication moins transparentes, notamment, lorsque leur légitimité est menacée. D’où est posée la question de l’utilité du reporting pour les différentes parties prenantes. Cette question est d’autant plus problématique que les entreprises peuvent choisir entre publier des informations RSE quantitatives et narratives, mais aussi des informations RSE à impacts positifs sur la société et d’autres informations dévastatrices (négatives).
Corporate green investment and financial performance: New evidence from an instrumental variable panel quantile regression approach
Authors: Ben Lahouel Béchir , Ben Zaied Younes , Taleb Lotfi , Awijen Haithem
Published: November 2021

L’objectif de cet article est de réexaminer la relation entre les investissements verts des entreprises et la performance financière, car aucun résultat concluant n’a été obtenu jusqu’à présent. Nous utilisons un échantillon d’entreprises européennes cotées appartenant à 11 pays de la zone euro sur la période 2005-2017. Nous appliquons une approche de régression quantile à variable instrumentale pour les données de panel avec effet fixe non additif. Cette approche, récemment développée par Powell (2016), permet de contrôler le biais d’endogénéité potentiel et l’hétérogénéité des variables. Les résultats prouvent que l’impact de l’investissement vert des entreprises sur la performance financière n’est pas fixe à travers les quantiles et donc que la relation entre les deux variables n’est pas monotone et linéaire. Cet article démontre que les influences de l’investissement vert des entreprises sur la performance financière prennent des effets différents le long des quantiles reflétant la distribution conditionnelle de la variable dépendante.
Effects of the carbon credits buy-back policy on manufacturing/remanufacturing decisions of the capital-constrained manufacturer
Authors: Wang Yongjian , Wang Fei
Published: November 2021

Under the emissions trading mechanism, this article explores optimal manufacturing/remanufacturing decisions considering the carbon credits buy-back policy by focusing on the value of carbon assets. First, two non-linear programming models are formulated under the cases with/without the carbon credits buy-back policy and solved using the Kuhn-Tucker Conditions (KKT). This article then systematically investigated the impacts of the carbon credits buy-back policy and related crucial parameters on production quantities, selling quantity of carbon quotas, total profits and total carbon emissions resorting to the theoretical analysis and numerical analysis. The results show that the carbon credits buy-back policy could improve operating situations, while specific implementation effect also depends on some factors. Among them, the higher value of the carbon savings of unit remanufactured product could strengthen the advantages of the carbon credits buy-back policy, and the rising carbon savings more significantly promotes the remanufacturing activities. Furthermore, both the carbon price and carbon quotas have significant effects on manufacturing/remanufacturing decisions under the carbon credits buy-back policy. Meanwhile, the carbon price can more effectively adjust production and emissions reduction activities, and consequently controls carbon emissions while protecting production activities. Finally, the results proposed in this paper provide guidance suggestions to manufacturers and policy-makers.
L'approche culturelle en géographie : une autre appréhension de l'espace
Authors: Claval Paul
Published: November 2021

Présente dès la naissance de la géographie humaine, l'approche culturelle ne s'épanouit qu'avec le tournant culturel de la discipline. Faite de tout ce qui chez l'homme n'est pas inné, la culture constitue l'ADN des sociétés humaines. Passant de génération en génération, elle comporte des composantes non verbalisées et d'autres qui le sont. Elle n'est pas la même dans les sociétés de l'oralité, de l'écrit ou des médias. Elle structure l'espace social en réseaux et autour de forums. Elle met en jeu l'intelligence, l'émotivité et l'imagination et double le monde d'espaces imaginaires qui servent de contrepoint au monde réel et y instituent un ordre normatif. L'espace qu'elle appréhende ne se limite pas à celui des nécessités vitales : c'est aussi celui des loisirs et des plaisirs, comme celui de la guerre ou des catastrophes ; celui des corps, de l'environnement avec lequel on vit et des paysages avec lesquels on entre en connivence. L'approche culturelle révolutionne l'étude des lieux en analysant les différentes formes de hiérarchisation dont ils sont l'objet, et le rôle que joue aujourd'hui leur visibilité. Elle substitue à l'analyse régionale une approche territoriale qui montre comment les hommes s'investissent dans l'espace. Elle s'attache aux identités et aux processus d'imitation et de distinction qui leur sont liés, et à leur traduction spatiale. L'approche culturelle entraîne une restructuration d'ensemble de la discipline, bouleverse la géographie économique et la géographie politique et ajoute aux analyses socio-politiques et socio-économiques qui constituaient son versant social une analyse socio-culturelle qui conduit à l'épanouissement de la géographie culturelle.
Du tourisme de masse au tourisme durable ?
Authors: Weishar Claire
Published: November 2021

Le tourisme constitue l’un des défis majeurs du XXIe siècle. Toujours plus informés sur les conséquences du tourisme de masse et sensibilisés au Développement Durable, les consommateurs-touristes formulent progressivement la demande d’un tourisme plus durable.
À Elbeuf les paysages urbains racontent l’histoire de la ville
Authors: Confins
Published: November 2021

La ville d’Elbeuf, en Normandie, était naguère célèbre pour son industrie drapière (fabrication de tissus de laine), qui a aujourd’hui disparu, mais elle est aujourd’hui réputée pour la conservation et la mise en valeur de son riche patrimoine industriel et l’une de ses particularités remarquables est que ses paysages urbains montrent clairement les différentes phases de l’histoire de la ville.
Dinâmica da vacinação contra a Covid-19
Authors: Nagy André , Thal Fulano de
Published: November 2021

Depois de um início tardio e difícil, a vacinação Covid-19 está fazendo rápidos progressos no Brasil. Entretanto, a distribuição dos vacinados está longe de ser homogênea, e muda com o tempo. Com base nos dados do SUS mostramos o progresso na cobertura vacinal. Enquanto em abril de 2021 as taxas eram altas em regiões periféricas em julho haviam aumentado no eixo São Paulo-Mato Grosso do Sul, e ainda mais em outubro: nesta data todo o Estado de São Paulo se destaca pela densa e homogênea cobertura de todo o seu território.
Pandemia além da metrópole: análise da interiorização da Covid-19 no estado do Ceará
Authors: Fernandes Jefferson Santos , Silva José Borzacchiello da , Muniz Alexsandra Maria Vieira
Published: November 2021

A pandemia do novo Coronavírus é um fenômeno espacial diretamente relacionado ao fluxo de pessoas no território e, por isso, as grandes metrópoles foram o epicentro inicial da atual crise de saúde. No entanto, a circulação do vírus nas pequenas cidades se tornou um importante foco das atenções dos gestores públicos devido à falta de infraestrutura hospitalar. Nesta pesquisa, analisamos o processo de interiorização da Covid-19 no estado do Ceará. A consecução do trabalho se deu a partir da revisão da literatura, análise estatística e construção de mapas temáticos. O desequilíbrio da rede urbana cearense e as desigualdades socioespaciais no acesso aos serviços de saúde constituem uma barreira para as ações de enfretamento à pandemia. A Covid-19 exacerbou a necessidade de fortalecimento das redes locais de saúde e de proteção social à população economicamente mais vulnerável.
A Pandemia de Covid-19 no Brasil : a pobreza e a vulnerabilidade social como determinantes sociais
Authors: Silva Simone Affonso da
Published: November 2021

Cerca de um ano após a notificação do primeiro caso de Covid-19 no mundo, temos um cenário desolador no Brasil, uma vez que o país ocupa, respectivamente, a 3ª e a 2ª posições nos rankings de países com maior número de casos confirmados e com maior número de mortes. Neste artigo analisaremos a pandemia de Covid-19 sob a perspectiva dos determinantes sociais da saúde, em especial alguns fatores de risco aos quais grande parte da população brasileira está exposta: a pobreza e a vulnerabilidade social. Por meio de análise bibliográfica e documental e de análise espacial, examinamos: (i) o quadro geral das desigualdades socioespaciais pré-existentes, (ii) os diagnósticos relacionados com a dinâmica da pandemia de Covid-19, (iii) o conjunto de medidas adotadas pelo Estado brasileiro, e (iv) a questão do planejamento governamental, suas potencialidades, limites e desafios na atual conjuntura da pandemia de Covid-19. Assim, ponderamos se e como as estratégias e medidas adotadas no Brasil para a mitigação da pobreza e da vulnerabilidade social no âmbito da pandemia de Covid-19 levam em consideração as desigualdades socioespaciais, indo ao encontro das demandas da população, dos territórios e das regiões mais vulneráveis. Concluímos que a falta de aderência entre as medidas adotadas para o enfrentamento da pandemia e a realidade social, política, cultural e econômica do país é um dos maiores entraves à superação da pobreza e vulnerabilidade social que tem sido acirrada ou mesmo criada no âmbito da pandemia. Não obstante, advogamos que os problemas na esfera do planejamento governamental, em parte, se devem às escolhas políticas do atual governo brasileiro – populista, de direita, conservador e neoliberal –, que nega a gravidade da doença e minimiza a extensão da pandemia no país.
Desigualdade socioespacial e pandemia da COVID-19 na conurbação Belém-Ananindeua-Marituba, Pará
Authors: Passos Felipe Garcia
Published: November 2021

Este trabalho tem por objetivo evidenciar a desigualdade socioespacial da conurbação Belém-Ananindeua-Marituba relacionando-a ao contexto da pandemia do novo coronavírus. A investigação foi realizada por meio da comparação de mapas com indicadores sociais de renda, raça e gênero e da análise da relação entre a localização das unidades de saúde de observação e internação e os aglomerados subnormais. A análise realizada demonstra repetições dos padrões espaciais dos indicadores com sobreposição das faixas negativas nas mesmas porções do território e dos melhores índices nas áreas complementares, revelando face da desigualdade socioespacial da conurbação negligenciada pelas políticas que dariam melhores condições para o isolamento social.
Análise da evolução do Sars-Cov-2 no Rio Grande do Sul e reflexões acerca do modelo de distanciamento controlado
Authors: Rodrigues. Maicon dos Santos , Megiato Érica Insaurriaga , Dagnino Ricardo de Sampaio , Panitz. Lucas Manassi , Weber Eliseu José
Published: November 2021

A pandemia de Covid-19 chegou ao Rio Grande do Sul (RS) evidenciando a necessidade de uma abordagem multidisciplinar e sistemática, buscando respostas emergentes. A falta de uma estratégia nacional de combate ao novo coronavírus exigiu a elaboração de uma alternativa própria por parte do governo estadual. A opção adotada foi um modelo de distanciamento controlado, considerando a gestão do sistema de saúde, visando garantir a capacidade de atendimento dos enfermos por Covid-19 e demais doenças e propiciar o funcionamento dos setores econômicos. O presente artigo faz um apanhado geral da confirmação de casos de Covid-19 no Rio Grande do Sul, analisa a evolução da doença no período de fevereiro a outubro de 2020 e disserta criticamente acerca do modelo de distanciamento controlado aplicado pelo governo do estado. São feitas reflexões sobre os objetivos de tal modelo, que exprimem uma tentativa de condicionamento das práticas espaciais da população, e sobre a eficiência da instrumentalização do controle social simbolizada por cores que indicam a intensidade de restrições.
A reestruturação urbana da cidade da Praia, em Cabo Verde: um padrão que se repete
Authors: Oliva Jaime Tadeu , Fonseca Fernanda Padovesi
Published: November 2021

A cidade da Praia, em Cabo Verde, vive um processo de reestruturação urbana bastante vigoroso que surpreende por sua pujança e, também, por reproduzir de forma acrítica um padrão presente em outras realidades sociais e extremo de segregação espacial, de uma segregação positiva (aquela desejada por seus moradores). Segregação espacial que separa "tradicionais" de "modernos", gerando o risco de aprofundar fraturas na coesão social. Segregação surpreendente, vistas as dimensões da cidade, por sua vez, desnecessariamente automobilizada, sintomático do padrão que se constrói, no qual impressiona a ausência de qualquer preocupação com a urbanidade.
A produção acadêmica acerca dos desastres tecnológicos da mineração em Mariana e Brumadinho (Minas Gerais)
Authors: Costa Alfredo , Knop Rebeka Girardi , Felippe Miguel Fernandes
Published: November 2021

Nos últimos três anos, dois rompimentos de barragem mudaram profundamente a visão sobre a mineração no Brasil. Mais de trezentas mortes e mil quilômetros de rios destruídos são agora objetos de estudo de praticamente todos os campos da ciência. Porém, muitas lacunas ainda persistem. Para compreender o cenário atual da produção acadêmica sobre esses desastres tecnológicos, realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática a partir de procedimentos analíticos rigorosos, explícitos e reproduzíveis. Um conjunto de 326 documentos científicos foi identificado, interpretado e classificado pela sua relevância social e acadêmica. Os resultados mostram uma maior participação das Geociências e Direito, mas parece haver um insuficiente diálogo entre as publicações, o que pode ser atestado pelo baixo número de citações na maioria dos documentos.
Influência do uso do intervalo HSV na capacidade de diferenciação da variável visual cor em mapas corocromáticos visualizados em meio digital
Authors: Cubas Monyra Guttervill , Sampaio Tony Vinicius Moreira
Published: November 2021

Avanços tecnológicos transformaram mapas majoritariamente impressos em mapas produzidos e difundidos em meio digital. De maneira geral, mapas digitais permitem, dentre outras coisas, mudanças na simbologia, nos valores dos dados e na escala de visualização. Esta mudança demandou a verificação de alguns dos fundamentos teóricos que serviram de base para a produção de mapas temáticos. Em particular, aqueles que nortearam o uso da variável visual cor, uma vez que implicou em mudanças na sua forma de obtenção (do sistema subtrativo para aditivo) e meios de divulgação (do papel para dispositivos eletrônicos). Esta pesquisa analisa a capacidade de diferenciação da cor em mapas visualizados em meio digital uma vez que foram feitas alterações nos intervalos do modo HSV (Hue, Saturation e Value). Os resultados mostraram que a percepção das cores não acompanhou de forma proporcional os intervalos HSV testados. Os mapas corocromáticos visualizados em meio digital nem sempre permitem aos usuários, em especial aqueles utilizados no processo de ensino, a diferenciação correta dos temas presentes nos mesmos. Por fim, reforçaram a necessidade de uso de modos de cores perceptualmente uniformes para produção de mapas corocromáticos e, indicou que a capacidade de diferenciação das cores em meio digital se mostrou similar a já observada em mapas impressos.
O etnoconhecimento do povo Pykahu (Parintintin): a utilização de plantas e outros meios no processo de restabelecimento da saúde
Authors: Strachulski Juliano , Floriani Nicolas , Silva Adnilson de Almeida , Maretto Luís Carlos , Parintintin Severino
Published: November 2021

O artigo busca analisar como o povo Parintintin autodenominado Pykahu, da Aldeia Traíra, na Terra Indígena Nove de Janeiro, no município de Humaitá - Amazonas, estabelece por meio de seu etnoconhecimento o processo de restabelecimento da saúde. Para tanto, constroem a relação em decorrência de suas vivências espaciais desde tempos imemoriais, de modo que utilizam-se de espécies vegetais e animais, além de minerais, os quais em suas concepções tem poderes de cura no corpo físico e no espírito. Como método está baseado no empirismo e nos relatos orais produzidos pelos Parintintin, além de utilizarmos a técnica “bola de neve” na obtenção de resultados. Estes refletem os etnoconhecimentos com respectivas utilizações para obtenção de saúde e encontram-se vinculados às atividades sociais, culturais e espirituais
Un tramway écologique : transformation de la ville et construction des représentations habitantes sur l’environnement à Medellín (Colombie).
Authors: Lucas Maëlle
Published: November 2021

Le projet urbain du tramway d’Ayacucho à Medellín a joué un rôle de rupture dans l’environnement immédiat des habitants du secteur, mais aussi dans la perception de celui-ci. Il a accéléré la diffusion de discours valorisant un développement et des mobilités durables. Dans le même temps, l’expérience sensible des habitants d’une ville polluée s’est imposée avec l’augmentation constante des températures de la vallée et l’omniprésence du nuage de pollution. La convergence des discours et récits sur la ville avec les données scientifiques mesurant les taux de pollution vient confirmer ce ressenti sensible propre à chaque habitant. Une enquête menée en deux temps, en 2017 puis en 2019, dans le secteur transformé par l’arrivée du tramway, permet d’analyser l’évolution de ces représentations sur l’environnement, dans un contexte mondial de diffusion des « bonnes pratiques » visant à limiter les impacts environnementaux des activités humaines.
Revisiting Zanzibari Seaweed
Authors: Hashim Nadra O.
Published: November 2021

Well before island nations began to consider rising ocean levels, a feature of global climate change, they have been concerned with the allocation of water resources. The purpose of this chapter is to revisit the efforts of Zanzibar's academic, as well as private and public institutions, as they promote environmentally responsible entrepreneurial projects, while advancing women's economic empowerment. Analysis will examine the history of seaweed production and consider how Zanzibar's seaweed farmers have recently responded to the dislocations associated with global climate change. This discussion will also consider to what extent Zanzibari seaweed production reflects the norms enshrined in the United Nation's Rio + 20 platform, and the language of the UN's 2030 sustainable development goals.
The Need to Establish a Long-Term Ecological Research Network in Morocco as a Tool to Monitor Ecosystems Under Climate Change
Authors: Karmaoui Ahmed , Zerouali Siham
Published: November 2021

Several countries are associated with the long-term ecological research (LTER) program, while others are in the process of joining the network. In Morocco, there is an urgent need to be a member of this network because the diversity of challenges associated with the various ecosystems requires multidisciplinary long-term studies. The chapter discusses this need by assessing the environmental vulnerability of Morocco basing on data from the environmental vulnerability index profile. Ecosystem change and vulnerability were investigated at the sites within the LTER program by exploring the criteria of the selected sites. The driving forces, pressures, states, impacts, responses framework would be a useful approach to study and explain the ecological changes of each selected site. The chapter highlights the purpose, significance, the mission, objectives, and the international cooperation of the proposed LTER network called Mo-LTER.
Vulnerability of Human Populations to Climate Change
Authors: Ben Salem Abdelkrim , Ben Salem Souad , Kahime Kholoud , Messouli Mohammed , Khebiza Mohammed Yacoubi
Published: November 2021

Moroccan ecosystems are considered endangered due to climate change that affects directly or indirectly different key features (biodiversity, snow cover, run-off processes, and water availability). The chapter describes the strategy for achieving collaboration between natural and social scientists, stakeholders, decision makers, and other societal groups in order to carry out an integrated assessment of climate change in the 12 Moroccan regions, with an emphasis on vulnerability and adaptation, and evaluate the vulnerability of human population to climate change applying the socioeconomic vulnerability index (SeVI) that measures socioeconomic vulnerability by regions. Result suggest that three southern and one north region are relatively more vulnerable, which are the most exposed to natural hazard. Furthermore, significant adaptive capacity scores are recorded in in the remaining regions, and average sensitivity for all. Therefore, societies and economies at all levels and on every region have to prepare for and adapt to impacts of climate change.
Epilepsy and Stroke Emerging From Climate Change-Related Neurotoxicity
Authors: Benammi Hind , El Hiba Omar , Aimrane Abdelmohcine , Zouhairi Nadia , Chatoui Hicham , Lahouaoui Hasna , Kahime Kholoud , Belkouri Morad , Ghchime Rokia , Draoui Ahmed , Gamrani Halima
Published: November 2021

Climate change has an important impact on the environment. As it degrades the quality of water, soil, and area, it also spreads the distribution of many toxic elements, specifically heavy metals and pesticides. The impact of climate change on contamination with heavy metals and pesticides has been well investigated and discussed. The influence of these elements on human health is obviously exacerbated following their extended distribution. Moreover, a wide range of health problems have been associated to such intoxication, among which impairment and dysfunction of the nervous system are prominent. In this chapter, the authors will shed light on two most common neurological diseases such as epilepsy and stroke affecting people worldwide arising from food and water contaminations, mainly with heavy metals and pesticides.
Climate Change Situation in Kenya and Measures Towards Adaptive Management in the Water Sector
Authors: Nyika Joan Mwihaki
Published: November 2021

Climate change is a growing challenge to socio-economic development and sustainable environmental management worldwide. Developing countries with low adaptive capacity and high vulnerability to the phenomena are affected severely. This study assessed the climate change situation in a developing country, its effects on the water sector and adaptive responses to improve climate change resilience using Kenya as a case study. Findings showed that Kenya is experiencing temperature and rainfall rises currently, and future projections showed an even worse situation. Climate variability and change however differed based on time and space. Highlighted effects on the water sector included fluctuations in its quantities and deterioration of its quality. Adaptive responses such as infrastructural modifications of water body environments, forecasting using models to predict climate change uncertainties and disseminating early warnings are discussed. Their success relies on strong policy and institutions to steer their implementation in Kenya.
Analysis of Factors That Affect the Use of Microfinance for Microbusiness Development in Ghana
Authors: Alhassan Yahaya , Nwagbara Uzoechi , Salia Samuel
Published: November 2021

This chapter examined the factors that affect the use of microfinance for microbusiness development in Ghana. The study employed semi-structured survey questionnaire to determine whether an entrepreneur's personal attributes impede or facilitate microbusiness development in Ghana. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the effects of entrepreneur's personal attributes on the monthly sales, number of employees, business assets, and capital stock of microbusinesses that received credit from a microfinance provider in the northern region of Ghana. The findings of the study suggest that micro-entrepreneur prior work experience, occupation, and prior income facilitate the use of microfinance for microbusiness development. These findings have policy implications for the government of Ghana and other agencies that are interested in using microfinance as a catalyst for economic growth in deprived communities in the country.
Blockchain for Agri-Food Supply Chain and Logistics Management
Authors: Saini Pinki , Iqbal Unaiza , Ahmed Mazia , Kaur Devinder
Published: November 2021

Today, the globalization of the supply chain in the food industry has surged remarkably; hence, food safety and quality certification have become critical. Blockchain is recognized as a promising technology in the agri-foods industry where it can act as a systematic and robust mechanism for increasing the food traceability and provide a transparent and efficient way to assure quality, safety, and sustainability of agri-foods. By lowering the cost and increasing value, this digital technology has the potential to increase profitability of agricultural produce along the value chain. This chapter aims to investigate the potential utilization of blockchain technology in the agri-food industry, where it can be used to address issues of trust and transparency and to facilitate sharing of information sharing among stakeholders. The technology is still in a preliminary stage; thus, this chapter is written to examine its implication in the agri-food supply chain, existing initiatives, challenges, and potential.
An Integrated Impact of Blockchain Technology on Suppy Chain Management and the Logistics Industry
Authors: Jiang Fei , Zhang Yanhua
Published: November 2021

The benefits of blockchain technology for supply chain management and logistics have been authenticated in recent years. It can support transparency and guarantee eventual, system-wide consensus on the validity of an entire history of transactions. As Conte de Leon et al. defined, blockchains would cause disrupting transformations in all types of industries when used in supply chain management. Logistic companies should engage in blockchain technology to adapt rapidly to changing market conditions and needs in today's dynamic business environment. Thus, this chapter provides a comprehensive overview of blockchain technology and focuses on crucial supply chain capabilities to create such transparency, flexibility, and mutual trust between supply chain partners.
Prospects and Challenges of Mobile Financial Services (MFS) in Bangladesh
Authors: Kumar Dhanonjoy
Published: November 2021

Microelectronic payment systems are speedily replacing the ordinary modes of payment. Electronic payment systems require online financial transactions that utilize some digital financial devices. They have allowed government, businesses, and financial institutions to propose a multiple of payment opportunities to their customers. These payment opportunities include charge account credit, master card, mobile banking, and automatic teller machine and payments bills through the mobile. Mobile financial services (MFS) performed a crucial role within the present online business and other business and financial services performed within the busy and pandemic world. The study is empirical in nature of MFS and its implications in Bangladesh. Finally, the study presents an overview of challenges and prospects of MFS in Bangladesh, focusing on some development strategies for policy holders. Researchers propose how MFS operators solve the MFS-related problems, overcome the challenges, satisfy the customers, and increase their service.
Factors Affecting User Intention Towards Mobile Banking Applications in Henan, China
Authors: Chao Shi , Liew Chee Yoong , Shibghatullah Abdul Samad
Published: November 2021

With the rapid development of mobile applications, the people of China have become increasingly dependent on mobile finance applications such as Alipay, WeChat pay, and some other finance applications. These finance applications seriously affect the number of mobile banking users. Hence, it is important to investigate the factors affecting the users' intention of mobile banking users. In this research, quantitative technique via survey research was used. The sample data was collected from Henan, China. The data collected were analysed with Pearson correlation analysis as well as multiple regression analysis. The results of the analyses show that client demand, banking services, and quality of mobile applications possess significant relationships with users' intention. Among these independent variables, the quality of mobile applications possess the strongest positive relationships with user intention followed by banking services and client demand.
How AI Changes the Technopreneurship in the Business World and Its Impact on Business Practices
Authors: Mok Mandy
Published: November 2021

Technopreneurship is the combination of the words “technology” and “entrepreneurship” that refers to commercial activities, including trading, importing and exporting, selling and buying locally or internationally, that are performed using technologies or technological tools, such as online marketing, data analytics, entrepreneurial platforms, artefactual intelligence appliances, robotics, etc. Additionally, technopreneurship also covers data science management, where data mining, data warehousing, big data analysis are among the important processes that are executed on scientific data in order to identify consumers' purchase behaviours and to forecast market trends. Technopreneurship is a form of entrepreneurship with technologies that involve intensive production, operation, and management processes and practise entrepreneurial spirits involving creativity, innovation, risk-taking, adventure, ambition, and foreseeing actions to achieve success.
Asbestos and Cancer in Latin America and the Caribbean: We May have won Some Battles, but Definitely not the War
Authors: Hernández-Blanquisett Abraham , Álvarez-Londoño Angelina , Martínez-Ávila María Cristina , Covo-Camacho Sofía , Quintero-Carreño Valeria
Published: November 2021

Only six countries have banned the industrial use of asbestos in Latin America and the Caribbean. In fact, the industrial use of asbestos appears to be growing in this region. Asbestos is one of the most dangerous natural substances in the world, it is contained in several types of rocks (such as serpentinites, mafic and ultramafic rocks) but fibers can be released to the atmosphere both by natural and anthropogenic sources. Six countries have banned the industrial use of asbestos in this region, we expected that laws established before 2007 would be less adherent to the 2007 WHO/ILO recommendations. In contrast, the Chilean law of 2001 is one of those that most adheres to international recommendations along with the Colombian law of 2021. Which means that the newest laws are not necessarily the strongest. This article aims to draw a regional overview of the laws against asbestos production in Latin America and the Caribbean, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of each national policy. We recommend that countries that have already banned asbestos consider updating and strengthening their existing laws and develop clinical guidelines for the management, monitoring, and rehabilitation of asbestos-related diseases. The challenge of asbestos goes far beyond a prohibition law.
Predictive modeling of 30-day readmission risk of diabetes patients by logistic regression, artificial neural network, and EasyEnsemble
Authors: Xiang Xiayu , Liu Chuanyi , Zhang Yanchun , Xiang Wei , Fang Binxing
Published: November 2021

Objective:

To determine the most influential data features and to develop machine learning approaches that best predict hospital readmissions among patients with diabetes.

Methods:

In this retrospective cohort study, we surveyed patient statistics and performed feature analysis to identify the most influential data features associated with readmissions. Classification of all-cause, 30-day readmission outcomes were modeled using logistic regression, artificial neural network, and EasyEnsemble. F1 statistic, sensitivity, and positive predictive value were used to evaluate the model performance.

Results:

We identified 14 most influential data features (4 numeric features and 10 categorical features) and evaluated 3 machine learning models with numerous sampling methods (oversampling, undersampling, and hybrid techniques). The deep learning model offered no improvement over traditional models (logistic regression and EasyEnsemble) for predicting readmission, whereas the other two algorithms led to much smaller differences between the training and testing datasets.

Conclusions:

Machine learning approaches to record electronic health data offer a promising method for improving readmission prediction in patients with diabetes. But more work is needed to construct datasets with more clinical variables beyond the standard risk factors and to fine-tune and optimize machine learning models.
Seroprevalence of anti-HBs antibodies and the need for booster vaccination in children under 5 years of age born to HBsAg-negative mothers
Authors: Arnindita Jannatin Nisa , Miftahussurur Muhammad , Setyoboedi Bagus , Juniastuti
Published: November 2021

Objective:

To determine the proportion of HBV surface antigen (anti-HBs) antibody positive children under five years of age born to HBsAg-negative mothers and to analyze the possible related factors following implementation of a hepatitis B vaccination program for infants in Indonesia 22 years ago.

Methods:

Blood samples were taken from children under five years of age born to HBsAg-negative mothers who have completed primary vaccination series. Anti-HBs antibodies were determined by using rapid test. Data of age, gender, nutritional status, vaccination timing or vaccination compliance, and booster vaccination were collected from vaccination card.

Results:

Ninety children were enrolled, consisting of 47 females and 43 males with a mean age of 2.3 years. Twenty two (24.4%) children received booster vaccine between 18 and 24 months and 55 (61.1%) were anti-HBs positive. Among factors of age, gender, nutritional status, compliance to vaccination and booster vaccine, only administration of booster vaccine was significantly associated with anti-HBs status (OR 5.45, 95% CI 1.45, 20.52). Children who received booster vaccine at age of 18-24 months were 5.45 times more likely to be anti-HBs positive than that of children who did not receive booster vaccine.

Conclusions:

Booster vaccine rate is low among children under 5 years of age but is associated with anti-HBs positivity. Booster vaccination may be required to improve anti-HBs seropositivity.
Headache Incidence and Characteristics in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Sharma Manisha , Menon Bindu
Published: November 2021

Background:

Headache is one of the commonly reported symptoms of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) illness. A number of studies have been done so far focusing on headache associated with COVID-19 with variable incidence and characteristics.

Material and Methods:

This study is a prospective study conducted on 120 patients with confirmed COVID-19 illness. Critically ill and ventilated patients were excluded. Demographic data, COVID illness symptom profile, headache characteristics were documented. Patients were followed up at 2 weeks and 4 weeks. For the statistical analysis, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 24.0 was used.

Results:

120 COVID-19 positive cases were included in the study with a mean age of 54.59 ± 14.89 years (range 21-84 years) with male-to-female ratio of 3:2. 78.33% (94) of patients had various comorbidities. 43.33% (52) cases were diabetic. The presenting symptoms were fever (65%), cough (53.33%), shortness of breath (35%) and myalgia (31.66%). 26 (21.66%) patients reported headache during the COVID illness. 18 (15%) cases had headache attributed as secondary to COVID-19 illness. Out of them, 12 cases were new onset with no past history of headache and 6 cases had a significant change in previous headache episodes. COVID-19 illness precipitated headache episodes similar to past headache type in 8 cases. Headache was the presenting symptom in 8 (6.66%) patients with COVID-19 being detected in the regular hospital screening protocol.

Conclusion:

Headache was a common symptom in COVID-19 patients. New onset headaches or change in past headache type in patients in the setting of ongoing pandemic should be screened for COVID-19.