bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computational pathology identifies a low B-cell content in the tumour microenvironment as a predictor of adverse outcome in patients with classic Hodgkin lymphoma treated with ABVD
Authors: Santisteban-Espejo Antonio , Benavides-De la Fuente Cristian , Mangas-Rojas Alipio , Montero-Pavon Pedro , Bernal-Florindo Irene , Aldaco-Puntas Eduardo , Prieto-Conde Isabel , Perez-Requena Jose , Atienza-Cuevas Lidia , Fernández-Valle Maria del Carmen , Garzón-López Sebastian , Garcia-Rojo Marcial
Published: January 2025

Aims

The prognostic impact of B lymphocytes surrounding Hodgkin and Reed Sternberg (HRS) cells in classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and pathogenic variants in genes associated with apoptosis regulation remains undefined.

Methods

We have quantified the proportion of B lymphocytes in tumour microenvironment (TME) in 220 diagnostic slides from 110 cHL patients applying computational pathology (CP) and sequenced cases using a targeted panel including 47 genes recurrently mutated in mature B-cell neoplasms. Kaplan–Meier estimators and multivariate Cox regression on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were assessed following the Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis guidelines.

Results

The mean percentage of B lymphocytes was 45.1 (SD: 24.8). Genes recurrently affected by nonsynonymous somatic mutations in 25% or more of patients included EP300, NOTCH and ABL1. A lower number of mutations were discovered in Epstein–Barr virus-positive cHL (21.1% vs 78.8%) reinforcing the notion that viral infection could functionally replace the need for genomic aberrations. Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) patients that jointly presented a reduction in the number of B lymphocytes in TME (<8%) and the absence of mutations in apoptosis-associated genes (ABL1, BIRC3, CASP8 and FAS) presented a lower OS (mean OS: 31.5 months, 95% CI: 0 to 69.7 months) in comparison with patients without this event (mean OS: 84.7 months, 95% CI: 61.9 to 107.5 months) (p=0.01). This high-risk cHL subgroup also presented a significantly lower PFS (mean PFS: 8.5 months, 95% CI: 7.5 to 9.5 months) in comparison with B-cell-enriched or apoptosis-mutated cHL (mean PFS: 55.2 months; 95% CI: 42.4 to 68 months) (p<0.001).

Conclusions

This study expands previous data on the value of CP in cHL, and specifically, the distribution of B cells, identifying patients with an increased risk of treatment failure and progression. Furthermore, immune escape by apoptosis dysregulation during clonal selection occurring in germinal centres constitutes a landmark of cHL. These results could be the basis for further development of targeted therapies directed against apoptosis modulators in cHL.
Dyad leadership blueprint: nine strategies for effective collaboration
Authors: Linhardt Rylee , Holladay Courtney L , Shah Avani , Rustagi Anoushka , Salas Eduardo
Published: January 2025

Background/Aim

The physician–administrator dyads are a strategic method of collaboration in healthcare organisations. Dyad leaders are part of a multidisciplinary team that integrates their expertise to generate better patient, physician, and organisational outcomes. An assumption of team science is that diverse experts, while knowledgeable, struggle to work together to resolve problems because of their vastly different decision-making and implementation strategies. Similarly, conflicting priorities, competing pressures, and lack of clear understanding of the other member’s role will result in ineffective teamwork between the dyad.

Methods

We conducted a literature review of dyad leadership in healthcare and connected these insights to the teamwork literature.

Results

We connect the challenges of dyad leadership with practical solutions that help physicians and administrators integrate their diverse expertise. To overcome these challenges, healthcare employees, teams, and organisations must implement an effective structure for diverse dyads to work together effectively. We develop a framework based on a review of the literature on dyads and describe what is needed for an effective partnership between the physician and administrator.

Conclusions

We describe the teamwork mechanisms that develop as teams use these strategies, which ultimately makes the dyads effective in the organisation. Dyad leaders who use these strategies will develop their teamwork behaviours and teamwork processes to reduce conflict and sustain the viability of their team to complete their goals, benefiting the patient, the team, and the organisation.
Influence of twin stacked tunnels on the performance of laterally loaded pile group
Authors: Soomro Mukhtiar Ali
Published: January 2025

This research utilized three-dimensional centrifuge model experiments and back-analyses with a hypoplastic model to assess the performance of a laterally loaded 2×2 pile group subjected to twin stacked tunneling at different depths. The first tunnel was excavated near the pile shaft (C/D=1.5), and the second tunnel was placed either near the pile toe, below the pile group, or directly underneath it in tests CD1.5_2.7, CD1.5_3.7B, and CD1.5_3.7U, respectively. A parametric study was also conducted to examine the effects of various factors on the pile group responses, including the tunneling sequence, lateral load direction, tunnel volume loss, and the tunnel depth and location. The results revealed that the most significant lateral movement occurred in test CD1.5_3.7U, while the highest tilting (0.98%) was observed in test CD1.5_3.7B. The first tunnel induced "dragload" due to negative skin friction (NSF). Excavating the deeper tunnel before the shallower one significantly reduced cumulative lateral pile cap movements and tilting. The direction of lateral load significantly affected lateral movement and bending moment distribution along the pile. Additionally, the depth and location of the tunnel relative to the pile group were crucial in determining the induced lateral displacement and bending moment at the pile head.
Effects of afforestation drainage on Sphagnum spore banks
Authors: Xu Chen , Yang Yun-he , Zhang Jia-Qi , Wang Jian-Yi , Bu Zhao-Jun
Published: January 2025

Persistent spore banks may play a significant role in the maintenance of bryophyte populations. However, the impact of afforestation drainage on Sphagnum spore banks remains rarely known. In two drained peatlands of northeastern China, peat cores were obtained from near-pristine (high water table - Sphagnum), moderately-drained (low water table - Sphagnum) and severely-drained areas (low water table - shrub) for Sphagnum spore bank analysis. Quantitative properties of spore banks were compared among the areas with different drainage intensity. Our results indicate that drainage experienced by the two peatlands, generally reduced the spore accumulation rate in the peatlands, and the intensified aerobic decomposition following drainage also led to spore bank loss. After drainage, the germinability of the Sphagnum spores was significantly enhanced probably due to dormancy releasing. This may deplete Sphagnum spore bank in the long run. Our study suggests that rewetting practice in drained peatlands is needed to conserve Sphagnum spore banks and maintain the potential for restoring peatland vegetation after serious disturbance.
Harnessing Fungal Biotechnology for Sustainable Management of Arsenic Contamination in Agricultural Ecosystems
Authors: Naseem Mariya , Raghuwanshi Richa , Verma Praveen C. , Tripathi R.D. , Srivastava Pankaj Kumar
Published: January 2025

Arsenic (As) pollution of agricultural soil is of major concern due to its negative impacts on the human population worldwide, with exposure mainly occurring through food chain contamination. To alleviate arsenic toxicity in humans, researchers have focused on restricting its entry into the food chain. Fungi are promising candidates for soil arsenic detoxification as they possess different mechanisms to reduce As bioavailability in the soil through biosorption, bioaccumulation, biotransformation, and biomethylation / biovolatilization. The arsenic-remediating potential of fungal strains can be improved by various biotechnological approaches viz., protoplast-mediated transformation, Restriction Enzyme-Mediated Integration, CRISPR Cas9, etc. These techniques coupled with appropriate selection criteria and their validation through extensive in-vitro and in-situ (field) trials would result in genetically improved novel fungal strains that can be applied to arsenic-contaminated agricultural fields for alleviating arsenic toxicity in agro-ecosystems.
A perturbative approach to complexity during shearing, dissipative collapse
Authors: Reddy Kevin , Govender Megan
Published: January 2025

We investigate the notion of complexity as defined by Herrera et al. (Phys Rev D 97:044010, 2018) for a star undergoing dissipative collapse in the presence of shear. We adopt a perturbative scheme which tracks the onset of collapse from an initially static configuration described by the Bowers–Liang model. The complexity for the initially static configuration is driven solely by the anisotropy and grows as the difference in the radial and tangential stresses grow. As the star loses equilibrium and transits into a dissipative collapse phase, the dynamical complexity is enhanced by contributions from the anisotropy and density inhomogeneity. The novelty of our work highlights the impact of pressure anisotropy and density inhomogeneity to the evolution of the complexity factor as a self-gravitating body evolves from an initially complexity-free and static regime into a dynamical radiating stellar object in the presence of shear.
Local peculiar motions in McVittie and LTB spacetimes
Authors: Molaei Masoud , Baghram Shant , Mashhoon Bahram
Published: January 2025

We consider two inhomogeneous cosmological models, namely, the flat McVittie spacetime and a simple specific LTB spacetime. Relative to the world line of a reference comoving observer that remains spatially at rest, we study the local deviations of the world lines of free test particles. These local peculiar motions can be invariantly characterized within the framework of a quasi-inertial Fermi normal coordinate system established along the world line of the reference comoving observer. Tidal dynamics in the McVittie model involves the sum of the curvature due to the inhomogeneity, the curvature due to the background FLRW spacetime and a mixed term, while tidal dynamics in the particular LTB model turns out to be qualitatively the same as in the Einstein-de Sitter universe. Peculiar motions in the two cosmological models are briefly compared and contrasted.
Hess J1731-347 is likely a quark star based on the density-dependent vMIT bag model
Authors: Ju Min , Chu Pengcheng , Wu Xuhao , Liu He
Published: January 2025

In this study, we extend the MIT bag model by incorporating the vector interaction among quarks and introducing a density-dependent bag pressure. Then we proceed to investigate the thermodynamic properties of strange quark matter (SQM) and pure up-down quark matter (udQM) in quark stars (QSs). Our findings demonstrate that the density dependence of bag pressure

$$B(n_b)$$

B
(

n
b

)

and the vector interaction

$$G_V$$

G
V

among quarks can significantly stiffen the equation of state (EOS) for both SQM and udQM which allows for the description of massive compact stars such as those observed in GW190814 and PSR J0740+6620 as plausible candidates for QSs. Ultimately, we derived a series of mass–radius relations of QS based on several combinations of (

$$B_{as}$$

B

as

,

$$\beta $$

β

). Our results support the hypothesis that HESS J1731-347 is a quark star.
DDASR: Deep Diverse API Sequence Recommendation
Authors: Nan Siyu , Wang Jian , Zhang Neng , Li Duantengchuan , Li Bing
Published: January 2025

Recommending API sequences is crucial in software development, saving developers time and effort. While previous studies primarily focus on accuracy, often recommending popular APIs, they tend to overlook less frequent, or ‘tail,’ APIs. This oversight, often a result of limited historical data, consequently diminishes the diversity of recommender systems. In this paper, we propose DDASR, a framework for recommending API sequences containing both popular and tail APIs. To accurately capture developer intent, we utilize recent Large Language Models for learning query representations. To gain a better understanding of tail APIs, DDASR clusters tail APIs with similar functionality and replaces them with cluster centers to produce a pseudo ground truth. Moreover, a loss function is defined based on learning-to-rank to achieve an equilibrium in accuracy and diversity due to the inherent trade-off between them. To evaluate DDASR, we conduct extensive experiments on Java and Python open-source datasets. Results demonstrate that DDASR significantly achieves the best diversity without sacrificing accuracy. Compared to seven state-of-the-art approaches, DDASR improves accuracy metrics BLEU, ROUGE, MAP, and NDCG and diversity metric coverage by 108.28%, 67.30%, 88.59%, and 45.83%, respectively on the Java dataset, as well as 9.83%, 2.45%, 8.06%, and 8.03%, respectively on the Python dataset.
Grammar Mutation for Testing Input Parsers – RCR Report
Authors: Bendrissou Bachir , Cadar Cristian , Donaldson Alastair F.
Published: January 2025

This document presents the artefact that was used to run experiments and produce results reported in the paper “Grammar Mutation for Testing Input Parsers”. The artefact includes a docker image and a dockerfile. The image can be reconstructed by executing the provided dockerfile. The dockerfile includes all instructions needed to reconstruct the image. Files stored in the image include scripts, systems under test, and grammar files. We also list the steps and instructions required to reproduce the results of the experiment.
AWQ: Activation-aware Weight Quantization for On-Device LLM Compression and Acceleration
Authors: Lin Ji , Tang Jiaming , Tang Haotian , Yang Shang , Xiao Guangxuan , Han Song
Published: January 2025

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed numerous AI applications. On-device LLM is becoming increasingly important: running LLMs locally on edge devices can reduce cloud computing costs and protect users' privacy. However, the astronomical model size and the limited hardware resources pose significant deployment challenges. To solve these issues, we propose Activation-aware Weight Quantization (AWQ) and TinyChat, an algorithm-system full-stack solution for efficient on-device LLM deployment. AWQ is a novel quantization method that identifies and protects salient weights based on activation distribution, significantly reducing model size while preserving performance. TinyChat, an optimized inference framework, translates AWQ's theoretical memory savings into practical speedups through techniques such as on-the-fly dequantization, SIMD-aware weight packing, and kernel fusion. Together, they enable 4x model size reduction and 3-4x acceleration across various edge platforms, from high-end desktop GPUs to resource-constrained IoT devices. This solution democratizes on-device LLM deployment, offering privacy-preserving, low-latency AI capabilities across a wide range of applications.
Subcentimeter Localization from Behind the Wall
Authors: Min Bae Kang , Moon Hankyeol , Min Kim Song
Published: January 2025

Precise localization of pervasively deployed devices is the key to immersive services including smart spaces and augmented reality. To this end, RFID and backscatter localization, given the extremely low deployment and maintenance costs, have been extensively studied towards this goal. Among them, the majority of the work body focuses on Line-of-Sight scenarios with a direct path between the tag and the reader. This essentially limits the applicable scenarios and service settings to open spaces indoors and outdoors [1], or behind penetrable materials such as paper boxes, glasses, and bottles [2]. However, many practical indoor scenarios are filled with blockages and obstructions non-penetrable by RF (900MHz, 2.4GHz, and mmWave frequencies), including electronics (monitors and PCs), appliances (refrigerators and dryers), concrete walls/pillars, and metallic structures such as partitions, shelves, and cabinets. This makes indoors heavily Non-Line-of-Sight and multipath-rich, incurring significant blind spots for LOS localization techniques alone.
Getting Started with Photon-counting CT: Optimizing Your Setup for Success
Authors: Schwartz Fides R. , Dane Bari , Su Shan , Khanungwanitkul Khanin , Ren Liqiang , Ananthakrishnan Lakshmi
Published: January 2025

Understanding the unique features of photon-counting CT and being familiar with terminology and setup processes are essential to effectively implement this modality in clinical practice.
Nano-silver Doped Zinc Oxides Adhesion Layer for Wet Copper Metallization of Glass Substrates
Authors: Xu Le , Liu Guo-Liang , Zhang Hao-Wen , Wang Yan , Feng Zhe-Sheng
Published: January 2025

In this work, nano-silver doped ZnO (SZO) thin films were prepared on glass substrates and through-glass vias (TGVs) using a sol-gel dip-coating method. The SZO film served as a catalytically active mixed metal oxide adhesion layer, replacing the etching, sensitization, and activation processes typically used in traditional electroless copper plating (ECP). Surface cleaning is essential for achieving high-quality coatings. In this work, an alkaline degreasing solution, followed by a citric acid chelating solution, was used to effectively enhance the wettability of the glass surface. The SZO thin film, formed on the glass substrate after dip-coating and sintering of the SZO sol, can be directly coated with a copper layer via ECP. Following subsequent electroplating, a copper film with a thickness of 11 μm and a resistivity as low as 1.84 μΩ·cm was obtained. The adhesion strength of the copper layer under vacuum annealing at 300 °C in nitrogen atmosphere is 4.19 N cm−1. In addition, the SZO sol-gel dip-coating process achieved complete coverage of the copper seed layer for TGVs with a high aspect ratio (10:1). This approach presented a cost-effective solution for fully solution-processed substrate-to-substrate interconnects in electronic device packaging applications.
Fast Charging of Silicon Anode-Based Lithium-Ion Batteries at the Pouch Cell Level
Authors: Thapa Arun , Gao Hongwei
Published: January 2025

Silicon (Si) is an attractive anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of its high theoretical capacity and natural abundance. Therefore, its physical and energy storage properties, especially achieving high specific capacity and cyclability, have been studied extensively. However, there is a lack of reports on the proper fast charging of Si-based LIBs. Herein, we developed an anode by physically mixing Si nanoparticles with carbon nanotubes and assembled a three-electrode pouch cell by pairing the developed anode with a lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide cathode and an extra reference electrode. The reference electrode was crucial in developing a fast-charging protocol (FCP) that not only fast-charged the cell but also prevented lithium plating, which is essential for extending the cycle life of LIBs. The FCP achieved 10–80% and 0–80% states of charge in 14.5 and 20.5 minutes, respectively, at room temperature. The FCP achieved ~55% capacity retention (616 mAh g-1) after 500 fast-charging cycles, indicating excellent cycle stability and good battery health. This work presents FCP and its performance data from Si-based LIBs to the battery community, which can be crucial to exploring the fastest possible FCP for next-generation high-energy-density LIBs.
Enhanced Optical and Dielectric Characteristics of PVC/PEG Blended Polymer via Loading ZnCo1.8Al0.2O4/LiTFSI/THAI for Emerging Optical and Electrical Applications
Authors: El-naggar A. M. , Heiba Zein K. , Kamal A. M. , Mohamed Mohamed Bakr
Published: January 2025

The current work aims to produce the PVC/PEG/ZnCo1.8Al0.2O4/LiTFSI/THAI blended polymers to employ in low-cost optoelectronics and energy storage applications. Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/polyethylene glycol (PEG)/ZnCo1.8Al0.2O4/lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (LiTFSI)/x wt% tetrahexylammonium iodide (THAI) blended polymers were formed via a casting procedure. The doped blends containing THAI exhibit strong absorption across UVA, UVB, and UVC spectra. The minimum direct and indirect optical band gap values are (3.03, 3.83, 4.51)/(2.54, 3.18, 3.66) eV in the blend with 5 wt% THAI. At 550 nm, the refractive index increased to 1.702 upon doping the host blend with ZnCo1.8Al0.2O4/LiTFSI/3 wt% THAI. The effect of dopant on the optical dielectric constant, dielectric losses, Nyquist’ plots, and Argand plots’ was investigated. The doped fillers in the PVC/PEG blended polymer controlled the nonlinear optical parameter values. Bended polymer with 1 wt% THAI has greater quenching in the fluorescence intensity. A chromaticity diagram revealed that the blends have blue-violet-yellow colors based on the kind and ratio of the fillers. Blend with ZnCo1.8Al0.2O4/LiTFSI has the superior energy density value.
PI3K/mTOR Dual Inhibitor GSK458 and Arsenic Trioxide Exert Synergistic Antitumor Effects against Ovarian Clear-Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yan , Kinose Yasuto , Kasuya Kanako , Koizumi Mai , Shimizu Aasa , Nakamura Koji , Toda Aska , Kawano Mahiru , Kodama Michiko , Hashimoto Kae , Sawada Kenjiro , Kimura Tadashi
Published: January 2025

Ovarian clear-cell carcinoma (OCCC), particularly advanced or recurrent settings, is generally resistant to platinum-based chemotherapy, warranting novel therapeutic strategies. Mutations in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway are frequently reported in OCCC. Therefore, we hypothesized that the PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor, GSK458, and arsenic trioxide (As2O3) may exert synergistic antitumor effects on OCCC. We investigated the effects of GSK458, As2O3, and the combination of GSK458 and As2O3 on cell viability, colony formation, and apoptosis in seven OCCC cells. Mechanistically, transcriptomic differences were assessed among the groups. Additionally, their antitumor effects were evaluated on the three-dimensional cultures of OCCC patient-derived xenografts as well as in vivo. Low-dose combination of GSK458 and As2O3 exerted synergistic antitumor effects in vitro. Viability of the three-dimensional OCCC patient-derived xenograft cultures treated with the combination of GSK458 and As2O3 decreased to 23.8% of that of the control. RNA sequencing revealed that the mechanism was associated with cell cycle and DNA damage repair. The combination of GSK458 and As2O3 synergistically inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and angiogenesis and increased apoptosis. Compared with any monotherapy, the combination treatment significantly suppressed tumor growth in vivo, thereby enhancing survival. Overall, our findings highlight the potential of the novel combination of GSK458 and As2O3 for OCCC treatment.
Figure S4 from Targeting PRMT1 Reduces Cancer Persistence and Tumor Relapse in EGFR- and KRAS-Mutant Lung Cancer
Authors: Sun Xiaoxiao , Kumbier Karl , Gayathri Savitha , Steri Veronica , Wu Lani F. , Altschuler Steven J.
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Figure S4 and legend
In the Flow: Komplementäre Therapie in virtueller Realität zur Besserung der Stimmung bei stationären Patient:innen mit Depression: Eine Fallserie
Authors: Yassari Amir H. , Hufenbach Fynnja , Schauenburg Gesche , Lohse Luzie , Jelinek Lena , Gallinat Jürgen , Miegel Franziska
Published: January 2025

Hintergrund: Unipolare Depression ist eine global stark verbreitete psychische Störung, bei der viele Betroffene unbehandelt bleiben. FlowVR ist eine auf virtuelle Realität (VR) basierende Methode, die als komplementäre Therapie darauf abzielt, die Stimmung durch das Flow-Erleben zu verbessern. Dabei können Patient:innen in einer virtuellen Naturlandschaft interaktiv agieren. Ziel dieser Fallserie ist es, Machbarkeit und Akzeptanz bei klinisch depressiven Patient:innen im stationären Setting zu beschreiben. Fallbericht: Bei drei Patient:innen mit schwerer Depression kam FlowVR über sechs bis acht Sitzungen neben der Standardtherapie zum Einsatz. Messungen beinhalteten die Veränderung der depressiven Symptomatik vor und nach jeder Sitzung, eine klinische Fremdeinschätzung vor und nach dem Interventionszeitraum und eine subjektive Bewertung am Ende der Intervention. Trotz unterschiedlicher Interventionsbedingungen deuten die Ergebnisse auf eine gute Akzeptanz hin. Schlussfolgerung: FlowVR als Zusatzintervention kann im stationären Setting nützlich sein, besonders wenn sich Patient:innen auf die Intervention einlassen und Ängste bezüglich der Nutzung durch sachkundiges Personal reduziert wird sowie eine Eingewöhnungsphase eingebaut wird. Postinterventionelle Gruppengespräche erscheinen sinnvoll, um Erlebtes zu teilen und demzufolge psychotherapeutisch zu nutzen. Zudem könnte die Grundstimmung der Patient:innen zu Beginn der Intervention eine Rolle im Therapieerfolg spielen. Zukünftige Studien sollten weitere technische Innovationen wie realistischere Landschaften und psychoakustische Stimulation für stärkere sitzungsspezifische Effekte in Erwägung ziehen.
Diagnosis and Management of Acromegaly: A Consensus Statement of the Pituitary Study Group of the Portuguese Society of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Authors: Cardoso Luís Miguel , Marques Pedro , Pereira Maria Teresa , Agapito Ana , Almeida Rui , Amaral Sara , Bugalho Maria João , Cattoni Maria Begoña , Cortez Luísa , Borges Duarte Diana , Sequeira Duarte João , Fonseca Fernando , Gomes Leonor , Manique Inês , Marques Olinda , Martins Teresa , Oliveira Maria João , Paiva Isabel , Pereira Josué , Santos Ana Paula , Benido Silva Vânia , Torres Isabel , Amaral Cláudia , Carvalho Davide ,   The Pituitary Study Group of the Portuguese Society of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Published: January 2025

Acromegaly is characterised by hypersecretion of growth hormone and presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges that require consensus and guidelines for effective management. The Pituitary Study Group of the Portuguese Society of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism used a modified Delphi methodology to develop consensus recommendations for the diagnosis and management of acromegaly. A multidisciplinary panel of experts in acromegaly collaborated through this process to establish consensus-based statements. The authors did not receive any corporate funding or remuneration. The methodology employed to achieve these consensus recommendations included a literature review of specific topics, development of consensus statements, survey and interactive discussions, and a subsequent comprehensive analysis of the results to converge on key consensus statements for diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring strategies. By synthesising the available evidence and integrating expert opinion, this consensus document offers valuable insights for healthcare professionals, facilitating timely diagnosis, personalised treatment strategies developed by multidisciplinary teams, and enhanced patient care.
Prevalence and Causes of Blindness and Vision Impairment in the State of Qatar: Results of a Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: AlThani Mohammed , Abdulmalik Mariam , AlAbdulla Samya , AlMotawaa Kholoud , Algadi Halla , Rabiu Muhammad , McCormick Ian , AlAshwal Shadi
Published: January 2025

Introduction: This study is a population-based investigation into the prevalence and causes of blindness and vision impairment (VI) among people aged 50 years and older living in the State of Qatar. Methods: A Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) methodology, applied from May 2022 to June 2023, utilized stratified two-stage cluster random sampling to select 5,060 persons aged 50 years and older resident in Qatar from 145 communities chosen by probability proportional to size. Communities were stratified by Qatari and non-Qatari nationality. Participants were examined by ophthalmologists in primary health centers. Data collection was through the RAAB7 Android application and supervised by a trainer using secure, encrypted cloud storage. Results: Of the 3,206 participants examined, 14 (0.4%) had blindness and 10 (0.3%) had severe VI. Compared to a previous RAAB study in 2009, the prevalence of blindness (presenting visual acuity [VA] <3/60) decreased from 1.28% to 0.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.2–0.7%). The age-sex-adjusted prevalence of all VI (presenting VA <6/12-NPL) was 9.7% (95% CI: 8.3–11.1), higher among females 12.6% (95% CI: 10.5–14.6), and Qataris 16.7% (95% CI: 14.4–19.1), compared to males 7.6% (95% CI: 6.3–9.0), and non-Qataris 6.3% (95% CI: 5.1–7.5). The principal causes of blindness included diabetic retinopathy (DR) (33.3%), cataract (20%), glaucoma (13%), and other posterior segment diseases (13%). All VI was mainly attributed to uncorrected refractive errors at 58% and cataract at 17%, with the former being more common among non-Qataris and cataract more prevalent among Qataris. Conclusion: Our findings show a low prevalence of VI compared with many countries that have published VI data. VI was mainly caused by DR, cataract, and uncorrected refractive error. Further reduction in vision loss can be achieved with early detection and improved access using innovation and technology.
Territorializando corpos, gêneros e sexualidades
Authors: Varjão João Victtor Gomes , Monteiro Anne Alencar , Santana Maiara Damasceno da Silva
Published: January 2025

This essay proposes a reflection that articulates the central themes discussed throughout the dossier “Territorializing Bodies, Genders, and Sexualities”, organized by João Victtor Gomes Varjão, Anne Alencar Monteiro, and Maiara Damasceno da Silva Santana, emphasizing the interconnections between the texts and the diverse theoretical and methodological approaches presented. The structure of the analysis is organized around emerging questions that arise from the authors' contributions, focusing on the interrelation between territory, identities, masculinities, and desires in the ethnographic experiences. This essay seeks to generate new inquiries and epistemological inputs that contribute to a deeper understanding of the complexities that permeate the dynamics of gender, sexuality, body, and territory, promoting dialogues that extend beyond the limits of this dossier and broaden the field of discussion in Social Anthropology.
A maldição do tatari-gami: especulações sobre ruínas e alianças em Princesa Mononoke (1997)
Authors: Lima Marília da Silva
Published: January 2025

Este texto oferece uma resenha da Princesa Mononoke, filme clássico japonês de animação, lançado em 1997, dirigido por Hayao Miyazaki e produzido pelo lendário Studio Ghibli. Na narrativa fílmica, assistimos mudanças tão terríveis, quanto irreversíveis executadas por um tipo de mundo que insiste em se impor, destruir e produzir capacidades distintas e desiguais de sobrevivência. O tom melancólico assombra toda a história, mas isto não impede uma exposição igualmente otimista sobre as possibilidades de alianças, a importância da resistência e das lutas por outros modos de viver. É um enredo que se mantém atual não apenas na ficção e que permite associações especulativas com contextos de análise antropológicos.
Ser margarida em tempos de cólera: uma etnografia feminista na 6ª Marcha das Margaridas
Authors: Sobreira Dayane Nascimento
Published: January 2025

In this presentation, we intend to highlight the leading role of women from the countryside, waters and forests - self-described as Margaridas - in the struggle for rights in Brazil. Today considered the largest women's action in Latin America, the March brings together the struggle for redistribution, recognition and representation from the territories, challenging the structures of racism, patriarchy and capitalism, and the interdictions historically directed at them, rural women. These women challenge the boundaries of feminism itself, reworking it based on their experiences and specificities. We will present common experiences shared and ethnographed at the 6th Marcha das Margaridas, which culminated in August 2019 in the federal capital.
Um réquiem para o liberalismo tardio é necessariamente um réquiem para a demarcação ontológica entre vida e não-vida?
Authors: Magalhães Beatriz Judice
Published: January 2025

Em Geontologias, Povinelli conecta reflexões teóricas sobre formas de poder, ontologias, descrições de episódios etnográficos e análises geopolíticas para se debruçar sobre  considerações teóricas mais gerais relacionadas ao Antropoceno, mais especificamente às questões de poder conectadas a essa irrupção da atenção para as conformações geológicas estabelecidas pelos humanos, bem como às suas implicações ontológicas. A autora também se debruça sobre o liberalismo tardio de ocupação, termo que faz referência às relações entre grupos indígenas, Estados e empreendimentos econômicos conformadas nas últimas décadas, em que se associam características da opressão colonial sobre as populações autóctones a algumas políticas de reconhecimento.
CapoeiraVogue e Malandragem 2.0: uma entrevista com Puma Camillê
Authors: Andrade João Caetano Brandão
Published: January 2025

Esta entrevista con Puma Camillê, realizada en agosto de 2023, explora la intersección entre cuerpo, género y sexualidad en el contexto de la capoeira, el vogue y la Internet. La conversación revela el viaje de la multiartista y aborda cómo la capoeira y el vogue han moldeado su identidad y sus perspectivas sobre el género. Dividida en cuatro partes, la entrevista aborda la biografía de Puma, destacando la importancia del cuerpo en la construcción de su identidad; su participación en la capoeira y el vogue, y cómo estas prácticas han moldeado sus habilidades y entendimiento político; también discutimos la relación de Puma con la Internet como herramienta de expresión y conexión, y su contribución a la cultura ballroom y a la capoeira, a través de CapoeiraVogue o Capoeira para Todes. Finalmente, Puma reflexiona sobre el papel mítico de Bahía en la capoeira y comparte sus opiniones sobre el futuro de la práctica. Esta entrevista ofrece una contribución al debate sobre género y corporalidad, destacando cómo la capoeira y el vogue, como prácticas culturales, se territorializan y reverberan en el entorno digital.
Perdido na tradução: gênero, sexualidades, lugar e o projeto antropológico
Authors: Oliveira Thiago de Lima
Published: January 2025

Based on the work of Marcia Ochoa and the author's own ethnography, this essay aims to think about the performativity and relationality of place in Brazilian anthropological production, especially that focused on the study of gender and sexuality. Paying attention to the recent prominence of studies developed in non-metropolitan contexts, the text aims to understand how the discussion of place is influenced by the effects of projects aimed at expanding higher education and disputes in the field of sexual rights.
Elisabeth Vigée-LeBrun: Artist, Adventurer, Auto-Biographer
Authors: Russo Kathleen Lucey
Published: January 2025

Elisabeth Vigée-LeBrun (1755–1842) was one of the most prolific and successful portrait painters in history. She was patronized by many powerful and aristocratic people of the age, most notably Queen Marie Antoinette, of whom she painted many portraits and with whom she had much in common. This included scandal for both of these women of the same age, particularly regarding rumored lovers. The Comte de Vaudreuil and the Comte de Calonne were two of these men painted by Vigée-LeBrun. Vigée-LeBrun also painted many beautiful self-portraits, including those with her daughter, Julie. Some of the best known are those that she executed in Italy after exile from France. These include the self-portraits that she did for the Uffizi Gallery in Florence and for the Accademia di San Luca, Rome. She herself was so pleased with these works that she painted many copies of them. They include a copy of the Uffizi Self-Portrait for Lord Bristol, the Duke of Berry, and a newly discovered copy of the San Luca Self-Portrait, now in the Haukohl family Collection. Her travels in exile included many cities in Italy and also throughout Europe, including Vienna, where she painted a portrait of the Countess Bucquoi, amongst many other Austrian and Polish nobles. During her long stay in Russia (1795–1801), she painted almost every aristocrat of note, excluding Catherine the Great. She was also admitted to the Royal Academy of Painting in Saint Petersburg, one of many Art Academies to grant her membership. Her many works (660 portraits, 200 landscapes mostly in pastel, and history paintings), show a progression of style from a lush late rococo to a drier neo-classical style and eventual romanticism, indicative of the changes in style throughout her long life. Pardoned by Napoleon, she returned to Paris in 1802, concentrating in her later life on the writing of her Memoirs (Souvenirs), which include many personal stories regarding her life and career.
A new species of the genus Sinomastax Yin, 1984 from Qinghai, China (Orthoptera: Eumastacoidea, Eumastacidae)
Authors: LI XIN-JIANG , ZHI YONG-CHAO , YIN ZHAN
Published: January 2025

A new species of the genus Sinomastax Yin, 1984 collected from Qinghai, China, i.e. Sinomastax qinghaiensis sp. nov. is described in this paper. The new species is similar to Sinomastax longicornea Yin, 1984, but differs from the latter by: antennae of female shorter, not reaching hind margin of pronotum; eye larger, width between lateral carina of pronotum at fore margin narrower than hind margin; subgenital plate of male shorter, apex obtuse; lower ovipositor valve with a big tooth at middle of lower margin. The type specimens are deposited in the School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei.
The second species of the enigmatic genus Microblattellus Ferrer, 2006 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) from Cambodia: A possibility of termitophily in the genus
Authors: MARUYAMA MUNETOSHI , LIANG WEI-REN , SOKH HENG , ANDO KIYOSHI
Published: January 2025

The second species of the enigmatic tenebrionid genus Microblattellus Ferrer, 2006, Microblattellus kakizoei sp. nov., is described from Cambodia. The type specimen was collected from a nest of the fungus-growing termite Macrotermes gilvus (Hagen, 1858). Although the genus is currently placed in the tribe Falsocossyphini, its assignment is highly doubtful, and its true systematic position remains uncertain.
Social withdrawal in an ecologically salient real-world context: Children’s shyness, anxiety, and observed distress behaviors in the surgical setting
Authors: Schmidt Louis A. , Chow Cheryl H. T. , Shin Chaeeun , Brook Christina A. , Van Lieshout Ryan J. , Buckley Norman
Published: January 2025

Little research has examined the correlates of children’s social withdrawal in real-world contexts beyond the classroom. Here, we used a surgical setting as an ecologically salient stress model to study one type of social withdrawal: shyness. Participants were 171 children ( Mage = 10.1 years, SDage = 1.7, range = 7–13 years, 50.1% boys), who were undergoing elective surgery, and their parents ( Mage = 40.7 years, SDage = 6.8, range = 29–59 years, 76.2% mothers). Children’s self-report of temperamental shyness and preoperative state anxiety as well as parents’ report of trait anxiety were assessed 7 to 10 days before surgery (T1). On the morning of surgery (T2), children and parents self-reported on state anxiety. In the operating room (T3), children’s behaviors were video-recorded and coded for observed distress. We found children’s preoperative state anxiety (T1 and T2) fully mediated the relation between shyness and observed distress, regardless of participant age, sex, and parent trait and state anxiety. This mediated relation was qualified by child age. In ages 7 to 9, preoperative anxiety was predictive of observed distress. By comparison, in ages 10 to 13, shyness was related to higher levels of preoperative anxiety, controlling for participant sex, and parent trait and state anxiety. These findings illustrate the effects of child temperament and developmental age on behavior, beyond parental influences, in a real-world context.
Use of patient portals to disclose STI test histories to sex partners among U.S. men who have sex with men: A call for research and guidance
Authors: Jackman Kevon-Mark P. , Atkins Kaitlyn , Murray Sarah M. , Carpino Tom , Lucas Iaah , Sanchez Travis , Baral Stefan
Published: January 2025

Background

This study investigates the use of patient portals for disclosing sexually transmitted infection (STI) test result histories to sexual partners among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States.

Methods

Using data from the 2022-2023 American Men’s Internet Survey, this cross-sectional analysis examined demographic, behavioral, and healthcare-related factors associated with MSM’s utilization of patient portals for sharing STI test results. Participants ( N = 2601) were surveyed on portal use, STI testing frequency, and partner disclosure practices.

Results

18% of survey participants used portals to disclose a STI test result to parrtners, with higher prevalences among individuals aged 16–37 years old versus 56 years and older, black non-Hispanic (26.4%) versus white non-Hispanic (16.8%), and those reporting nine or more times being tested for STIs (30.1%) versus 1 to 3 times (7.5%). Participants reporting sex work (33.3% vs 17.7%) and HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use (24.2% vs 13.0%) also had a higher prevalence of portal use for disclosure. Multivariable Poisson regression analysis with robust error variance showed that sexual behavioral stigma from family and friends [adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) = 1.11; p = .04] also, being tested for STIs four to 8 (aPR = 2.21; p < .001) and nine or more times aPR = 3.42; p < .001) were significantly associated with prevalence of portal-based disclosure.

Conclusion

Findings suggest patient portals may be viable tools for STI prevention in MSM communities, especially among individuals with increased vulnerability to STI acquisition. Addressing disparities in portal access and explaining patient portal capabilities may enhance the role of digital health in reducing STI transmission among MSM communities.
Police Communications Centre Mental Health Liaison Service: Enhancing outcomes for people in mental health crisis
Authors: Payne Leanne , Meurk Carla , Waterson Elissa , Heffernan Ed
Published: January 2025

Objective

To describe the Police Communication Centre Mental Health Liaison Service (PCC MHLS), a novel mental health service embedded in a Queensland Police Service (QPS) communication centre which provides real-time information and advice to police as first responders to people in mental health crisis.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of referrals received from 1st January 2023 to 31st December 2023 was conducted. Descriptive statistics were calculated for consumer and service episode characteristics and reported outcomes.

Results

The service received 3549 referrals with a daily mean of 9.97. Mean age at referral was 38.11 years ( SD 15.86, range 6–102), and most consumers were male (60.4%). 41 percent did not have a current or historic psychiatric diagnosis and 28.1% were open to the public mental health service. The most reported presenting problem was suicide/self-harm (45.2%). An Emergency Examination Authority was enacted in 28.3% of cases, and 20.9% of consumers were referred to mental health services.

Conclusion

Results suggest some consumers may be experiencing psychological distress rather than diagnosed mental illness. The PCC MHLS connects consumers with the most appropriate services beyond hospital emergency departments and provides a novel and effective mechanism for real-time support for first responses to people in mental health crisis.
Stratification of Anatomical Imaging Features Between High-Risk and Non-High-Risk Groups in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Wang Haoru , Chen Xin , He Ling , Cai Jinhua
Published: January 2025

Background

This study compared anatomical imaging features between high-risk and non-high-risk groups in neuroblastoma with at least one image-defined risk factor (IDRF). It also assessed the diagnostic performance of these features in identifying the high-risk group.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of neuroblastoma patients with at least one IDRF was conducted. Imaging features, including estimated tumor volume and IDRFs, were compared between the two groups. The diagnostic performance of these features was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and the areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) along with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Additionally, to internally validate their diagnostic performance, the bootstrap resampling method with 1000 bootstrap resamples was employed.

Results

The study included 255 patients (185 high-risk cases, 70 non-high-risk cases). Significant differences were found in estimated tumor volume and IDRF number between the high-risk and non-high-risk groups ( P < 0.001). The estimated tumor volume and the IDRF number-based cluster were independent risk factors, and their combination achieved an AUC of 0.801 (95% CI: 0.747-0.848) for high-risk group diagnosis, with the average AUC of the 1000 bootstrap samples of 0.800 (95% CI: 0.798-0.802). In abdominal lesions, specific IDRF categories differed between high-risk and non-high-risk groups ( P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Our study reveals anatomical imaging differences between high-risk and non-high-risk groups in neuroblastoma with at least one IDRF.
DISCOntinuation of disease-modifying therapies in MS: The DISCOMS extension trial
Authors: Corboy John R , Fox Robert J , Cutter Gary , Engebretson Eric , Miller Aaron , Morgan Charity , Gustafson Tarah , Goodman Andrew D , Kannan Meena , Sriram Subramanian , Xia Zongqi , Lynch Sharon , Bowen James , Kister Ilya
Published: January 2025

Background:

In the DISCOMS (DISCOntinuation of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in multiple sclerosis (MS)) randomized clinical trial, we could not demonstrate that discontinuing MS DMTs in older, stable adults was not inferior to continuing DMTs. Relapses were rare in both groups, and most new disease activity was one to two new brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions unassociated with clinical changes.

Objective/Aims:

Describe results of the DISCOMS extension study.

Methods:

Among 10/19 of the original sites, we enrolled patients who completed DISCOMS; did not reach the primary endpoint during the original trial; and retained original randomized assignment. Participants completed one study visit and brain MRI at least 30 months after original enrollment in DISCOMS. Primary endpoint was time from entry into the primary study to relapse or new brain MRI activity.

Results:

Mean (SD) total follow-up was 40 (11.7) months. There were no relapses, and new brain MRI lesions (1/30 continuer, 2/44 discontinuers) were uncommon during the extension. Time from primary trial entry to disease event was significantly shorter for subjects in the discontinue group ( p = 0.043 from log-rank test).

Conclusions:

From entry into DISCOMS extension study, time to new MS activity remained shorter in discontinuers, but relapses were absent and new brain MRI lesions were rare.