bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MANAGEMENT OF HOUSEHOLD WASTES IN THE CITY OF CONSTANTINE BETWEEN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Gherfi Sihem
Published: March 2024

Indeed, the main objective of this study was to identify the management and treatment of household wastes in the City of Constantine, so as to reach environmental protection and attain sustainable development, due to the high quantity of household wastes and the resulting negative phenomena as a result of irrational management, which led to damaging the urban environment and public health; the fact of resulted in the necessity to develop the sector through moving towards the use of sustainable management methods, which has been highlighted in this paper through addressing the sustainable management of household wastes and comparing the same with the management in the city of Constantine, together with analyzing the results with applying some sustainable development indicators that measure good performance and effectiveness in this field, whereat it was concluded that the management in the city has shown to be a traditional management that relies on collection and sorting without recycling; and in the end discharging in landfills without any treatment.As a consequence, the efficiency of managing this type of wastes must be raised.
Research Article: The Impact of First Aid Training Program on School Health Staff Knowledge, Attitude and Practice at National Guard Girl Schools in Riyadh-Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abou-El-Soud Faiza A.
Published: March 2024

Aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of the first aid training program on school health staff knowledge, attitude, and practice at the National Guard girl schools, Riyadh-Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: Quasi-experimental design was used. A purposive sample was conducted to enroll the study participants, the total number was 103 school health staff. A structured self-administered questionnaire was designed. Results: The findings pointed out the mean age of the participants was (38.32 + 5.08). Sixty percent of the participants had less than 5 years of experience as school health staff and only 11.7% of them had received prior first aid training. There was a statistically significant difference between the total mean scores of the participants’ knowledge and practice in pre/post-test. There was a substantial shift in participants’ positive attitudes towards the training program in the post-test compared to the pretest. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present investigation, there was an improvement in school health staff (advisors) knowledge, practices, and attitude towards first aid after application of the program. Recommendation: A national initiative is highly recommended to make all schools in Saudi Arabia a safer environment through the provision of a national first aid program for school health advisors (staff).
Transmission Electronic Microscopy of Vibrio cholerae Biofilms on Chitin-Containing Substrates
Authors: Titova S. V. , Simonova I. R. , Menshikova E. A. , Osadchaya V. S.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The evolutionary association of Vibrio cholerae with chitin provided resistance to stress and protection from predators. The most important mechanism that provided V. cholerae with the effectiveness of association with chitin is biofilm formation. The ability to form a biofilm in V. cholerae depends on the presence of a factor, toxin-corrected adhesion pili (TCP), which are synthesized by the tcp A-F genes. One of the key methods for studying biofilms is microscopy. It allows one to visualize the structural elements and study various parameters of biofilms and the effects of various factors on them. Aim. To determine the epidemiological significance of the biofilm-forming ability of toxigenic strains by their morphological characteristics on chitin-containing substrates. Study of structural differences in biofilms of Vibrio cholerae tcpA+– and tcpA– strains on chitin-containing substrates. Results. It has been shown that Vibrio cholerae tcpA+– and tcpA– strains are able to form biofilms on the surface of chitin-containing substrates. The intensity of biofilm formation is more pronounced in tcpA+ strains, because V. cholerae ctxA+ tcpA+ cells in the biofilm are predominantly singly located and the surface of the chitinous exoskeleton with which they are in contact is intact, V. cholerae ctxA– tcpA– cells form chains in the biofilm, which indicates division processes, and scattered chitin of the endocuticle indicates activity of metabolic processes. Conclusion. The strains of V. cholerae used in the work, regardless of the presence or absence of the ctx and tcp genes, form bioplecs on a chitin substrate. The indicator of biofilm formation in terms of the thickness of the biofilm matrix is higher in V. cholerae ctxA+ tcpA+ , in terms of the degree of degradation of the chitin substrate it is higher in V. cholerae ctxA– tcpA– .
The role of advisor Yang Pu in the spread of the Confucian ritual system in the Jin state
Authors: Khaymurzina Marina
Published: March 2024

The reign of Tai-zu (Jurchen name: Aguda) and Tai-zong (Jurchen name: Wuqimai) started the Jin State’s formation. At that time, Jurchens actively recruited Liao and Song officials. These Confucian-educated officials contributed to the adaptation of the Jin State to the new political and cultural realities. They worked in the sphere of external relations of the Jurchen State, as well as in public administration and education. These officials became the transmitters of Confucian ideas on the state, power, emperor, rituals and rules. All these aspects were new to the Jurchen culture. It is known that Yang Pu, Aguda’s advisor, actively introduced Chinese ceremonies in the field of foreign relations of the Jurchen state, as well as court etiquette. It is likely that at the same time the issues of religious worship in Jin were discussed, then Aguda heeded Yang Pu’s advice about the need for joint sacrifice to Heaven and Earth, worship of ancestral spirits in temples. However, in the summer of 1123 Aguda was ill and died in the 9th month of that year. Historical sources indicate that the implementation of ceremonial transformations took place immediately after Tai-zong’s ascension to the throne, under whom Yang Pu presumably continued his service. Under Tai-zong, a new government system was introduced, new court rites and religious cults were discussed and approved. Later, ancestral temples appeared in Jin, places of worship of Heaven and Earth were identified. These and other ritual innovations were gradually integrated into the culture of the Jurchen state.
Sengii Oyun: Reconstructing the Battle Route of a Tuvan Volunteer
Authors: Kharunova Marianna
Published: March 2024

This article restores the battle route of the Tuvan volunteer Sengii Oyun who was listed as missing in action for 78 years, based on archival materials. 
In 1943, the Tuvan People’s Republic sent its volunteers to the Soviet-German front. Among those volunteers, who had to pass a rigorous selection to earn the right to fight on the side of the Soviet Union against Nazi Germany, was Sengii Chymchak oglu Oyun. 
In November 1943, after combat training in replacement troops, the volunteers joined the 4th squadron of the 31st Guards Cavalry Regiment of the 8th Guards Cavalry Division. S.C. Oyun participated in the battles of Derazhno, Rovno, Dubno in Ukraine, especially distinguishing himself in the battle near Dubno.
In June 1944, Tuvan volunteers returned to their homeland, but Sengii Oyun was not among them. He had been listed as missing in action until 2022, and it is not until after the request of his relatives, owing to painstaking work of the employees of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, that his battle route was restored. 
Sengii Oyun and some of his fellow soldiers had got behind their troops’ train, following which he was appointed a machine gunner of the 95th Guards Rifle Regiment of the 31st Guards Rifle Division. In the summer of 1944, he took part in the battles for the liberation of Belorussia and Lithuania.
Sengii Chymchak oglu Oyun died on October 21, 1944 in a battle in Eastern Prussia.
Chinggis Khan and the Idea of World Domination
Authors: Drobyshev Yuliy
Published: March 2024

The article proposes a solution to the question of Temujin/ Chinggis Khan’s plans for world domination. Based on reports of a number of medieval sources, the author comes to the conclusion that his military campaigns pursued specific goals mostly to take revenge on numerous enemies and were not a part of a common aggressive plan. After uniting nomadic tribes and pacifying borderlands, Chinggis Khan usually reacted severely to external challenges, and his first campaignto Xi Xia and Jin were predatory. At the same time, the war did not always imply seizure of foreign territories, or the Mongols at first limited themselves to their partial annexation. In process of revealing Chinggis Khan’s motivations, his testament to descendants is of great importance. Sources refute an idea that the dying khan bequeathed to complete his world conquests. In fact, his political testament is boiled down to the following: he approved Ogedei as his successor, ordered his sons to obey the new ruler and to do away with Tanguts, Jurchens, and Kipchaks. All these points were subsequently fulfilled. Chinggis Khan’s deathbed speeches do not contain words about the need to seize the whole earth. Plano Carpini was one of the first to attribute him such a will, but the source of his information is unknown. Most likely, the idea of world domination was formed by the Mongols during the reign of Ogedei, and then it began to be ascribed to the founder of the Mongol Empire, which probably arose in spite of his desire.
On the Origin of Federal Institutions of Hellenistic Lykia
Authors: Sizov Sergey K.
Published: March 2024

The Lykian koinon that existed in the south of Asia Minor from the first half of the 2nd century BCE, had a federal organization, in many ways reminiscent of the structure of other federations of the Hellenistic world, especially that of the Achaian koinon. The Lykians may have deployed the Achaian-type organization of the supreme federal authority, namely a crowded meeting of delegations, the size of which depended on the cities’ dimensions. Some de-tails of the Achaian military organization could have been borrowed by the Lykians, as evi-denced by the rare title of the commander of the city militia in both federations (apoteleios). The same system of proportional representation of cities in the ratio 3:2:1 existed both in Lykia, where it determined the share of participation of each city in all the federal affairs, and in the board of nomographoi of the Achaian koinon. However, the Lykian koinon was not entire-ly built on the Achaian “model”. In the Achaian koinon, the ratio of 3:2:1 probably did not have the same universal meaning as in Lykia, the head of the federation had both military and administrative powers, while in Lykia they were divided between the Lyciarch and the strate-gos. Some similarities in the organization of both leagues can be explained by the fact that the Lykians could use some principles and practices that were widespread in many Greek koina. Some features of the structure of the Lykian koinon could well be the result of the original po-litical creativity of the Lykians.
Towards the creation of the Anti-Imperialist League: World Congress in Brussels (1927)
Authors: Bespalova Ksenia
Published: March 2024

The article presents a study on the organization of the World Anti-Imperialist Congress in Brussels in 1927, one of the results of which was the creation of an international organization – the League against Imperialism and Colonial Oppression. Drawing on materials from the activities of the league in 1927–1937, stored in the funds of the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, the author reconstructs the progress of preparations for the congress. The circle of people who responded to the initiative to convene a world congress to discuss the problems of colonial peoples has been identified. The author revealed that the place of the Comintern in the preparation for this event was leading, since the entire process of organizing the event, selecting delegates, as well as the agenda of the meetings completely depended on the directives of this organization. The reasons for the disagreements that arose between the organizers of the world congress about the place and date of the event, as well as about the people who were supposed to be involved in the congress, were identified. The author concludes that the World Anti-Imperialist Congress in Brussels was a successful attempt to gather delegations from colonial countries around the world, which made it possible to actualize the problem of oppression of the peoples of Asia and Africa. According to the author, the main result of the event is that an international organization with an anti-imperialist orientation was created, which would become the forerunner of the decolonization process after World War II.
SYMBOLISM OF EARLY CHRISTIAN PRAYERS IN ROMAN, GREEK AND EGYPTIAN FUNERARY ART
Authors: Kuvatova Valeria
Published: March 2024

The question of semantic connections between Early Christian funerary art and texts of Early Christian prayer for the dead – Ordo commendationis animae – remains controversial. Some scholars endorse the idea that iconographic programs of Roman catacombs and Early Christian sarcophagy can be traced back to the prayer. Others highlight the distinctions between them, emphasizing, that the oldest text of the Ordo commendationis animae cannot be dated earlier than the 4th century. Both the prayer and the funerary art embody the same themes of salvation and resurrection, often depicted through shared biblical heroes and narratives. Although there are inconsistencies between the biblical heroes mentioned in the prayer and the most popular characters and narratives in Early Christian art, the semantic parallels cannot be simply dismissed. This research seeks to uncover the origins of the prayer itself and propose liturgical sources that could have influenced regional traditions of Early Christian funerary iconography. Additionally, it hypothesizes explanations for the iconographic principles of several renowned Early Christian monuments.
Nomadic turkic tribes and their role in political history of Transoxiana in XII century: on the example of Qarluks
Authors: Timokhin Dmitriy M.
Published: March 2024

The migration of the nomadic Turkic tribes of the eastern Desht-i Kipchak and their participation in various political processes in the lands of Transoxiana and adjacent regions in the XII century remains quite an urgent scientific problem for a number of reasons. Muslim geographers of this time on this issue often broadcast information from earlier monuments in their writings and rarely provide up-to-date information. And in the historical writings proper, nomadic Turkic tribes are mentioned, in most cases, only when they take part in military clashes on the territory of the mentioned regions. Muslim historians rarely note other forms of interaction between representatives of settled cultures and nomads in this historical period, and they often provide extremely scant information about the migration routes of the latter in general. In this article, using the example of a specific tribal association, which are the Karluks, we will try to reconstruct their migration routes throughout the twelfth century, as well as analyze their participation in the political history of Transoxiana during this period. In this article we will try to link not only these two historical events, but also highlight other facts related to the history of the Karluks and their participation in the political life of Transoxiana in the XII century.
On the coordinate change in the Turkish literary process
Authors: Repenkova Maria M.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: In this study, the author examines the literary landscape in Turkey given the new dimension opened by the vertical gradation of fiction. The division of literature into high literature (classic), middle-tier (Belles-lettres), and low-tier literature (for mass consumption) is becoming increasingly prominent.  Belles-lettres seems to be the most mobile of those, with its representatives being able to, over time, find themselves both at the top and the bottom rung of this paradigm. Zülfü Livaneli's works straddle the line between the high literature and belles-lettres, while books by Barış Müstecaplıoğlu are a perfect example of mass literature becoming regarded as belles-lettres. Another productive approach is horizontal gradation – dividing modern Turkish literature into genres. This is especially true for mass literature, where a clear classification into genres and subgenres is pretty much a precondition for existence. The study singles out such genres of mass literature as detective novels, women's romance novels, and historical adventure novels. Speculative fiction occupies a special place in this, with its genre affiliation being a topic of major discussions. The Turkish literature of the 2000s features several principal genres of speculative fiction: sci-fi (K. Kutlu, G. Berkkan, H. Balçı) with alternative history being a part of such (G. Dayıoğlu, H. Kakınç); fantasy with its subgenres of urban fantasy (S. Yemni, S. Atasoy, G. Elikbank, F. O. Şeran, C. Yücel), "sword and sorcery" fantasy (B. Müstecaplıoğlu, A. Aras, G. Canbaba) and dark fantasy (S. Ersin, G. Öğüt), as well as the genre of dystopia (A. Şaşa). In conclusion, the author argues that analyzing literary pieces necessitates operating with both the vertical and horizontal paradigms simultaneously.
Rice and Arak: the South Indian Diet of the Early XVIII Century through the Eyes of Europeans according to the Documents of the Danish Royal Mission
Authors: Nikolskaia Kseniia D.
Published: March 2024

Since the beginning of the XVIII century, the Danish Royal Mission has been working in the South of India. For the first years, it consisted mainly of people from the University of Halle. Many historical sources have been preserved, according to which this page of the history of the penetration of Christianity into Asia and the formation of European Oriental studies is being reconstructed today. Lutheran pastors studied languages, translated sacred literature, preached, created schools, built churches. A significant amount of research has been devoted to these problems. However, the daily life of Europeans in the South Asian region at the beginning of the XVIII century until now has attracted little attention. Numerous reports on the work of missionaries in India allow us to envision how the Lutheran ministers of the church adapted to local household traditions, including culinary traditions. The first head of the mission, B. Ziegenbalg in his works gives overall information about the diet of local residents. In addition to telling about the main dishes and drinks of India, he provides valuable data on the relationship between cooking and Indian medicine. His works also contain materials concerning the specifics of the diet of ascetics. Finally, in connection with culinary topics, his materials preserve data about the economy of the region (trade relations, cultivated crops, prices for basic food and beverages, etc.). The texts of Ziegenbalg allow us to raise an important academic problem of meeting, interaction and mutual adaptation of two completely different cultures – European and Indian.
The United States’ Intervention in Afghanistan: the Dysfunction of a Centralized Authority in a Diverse Nation
Authors: Safranchuk Ivan A.
Published: March 2024

This article reviews the US-led nation-building strategy effort in Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. The history of the nation-building efforts is retraced from the creation of the Republic to its ultimate collapse. The central argument of the paper stresses the dysfunctionality of the centralization approach adopted by several successive administrations in Kabul with the backing of the United States. The inquiry reveals the problems of implementation of this strategy as well as the failure of this idea in general. In terms of implementation, centralization efforts were met with widespread corruption and cronyism. A more important aspect of the problem is that the centralization strategy did not account for the diversity of the Afghan society.  Ethnic coalitions struggled for power inside the country, countering the efforts of the central administration headed by the president to extend its influence beyond Kabul. These processes transformed Afghan politics into a zero-sum game rendering the whole nation-building effort ineffective. In the end, the Republic collapsed with withdrawal of the foreign presence essentially confirming the dysfunctionality of centralization approach. Currently, the Taliban relies on essentially the same strategy although being deprived of foreign aid. Whether this effort to re-assert Pashtun dominance in the absence of foreign intervention will succeed remains to be seen.
Mongolia's "New Revival Policy": infrastructure priorities
Authors: Namzhilova Viktoriya O.
Published: March 2024

The article examines the features of the “New Revival Policy” of Mongolia - the first stage of the long-term strategy “Vision - 2050”. The policy marks an important step in adjusting economic policy in the face of global challenges and aims to encourage Mongolia’s post-pandemic recovery by opening up the country to domestic and foreign investment. The author analyzes the six priority areas of new policy: the revival of the border checkpoints, energy, industrialization, urban and rural recovery, green development, and public sector efficiency. The author briefly examines the recovery of border crossings, transport and logistics network of Mongolia, including the construction of railways, the opening of international airports, the establishment of “dry ports”, etc. The author highlights the specifics of foreign trade and related cargo flows, notes the extreme relevance of large-scale infrastructure construction and upgrading. In addition to ensuring conditions for effective foreign trade, it is important for Mongolia to use its advantages as a transit territory, especially in the current period, when China is actively promoting overland cargo transportation to Europe, and Russia is focusing on the eastern direction. Mongolia intends to speed up the launch of new railway and road corridors: the plans of the “New Revival Policy” include the construction of the Choibalsan – Khuut – Bichigt railway in the east and the Arts-Suur – Nariinsukhait – Shiveekhuren railway in the west. Thereby, a favorable environment for strengthening Mongolia’s infrastructure connectivity with neighboring countries will be formed what is an important condition for the development of the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor.
Russia/USSR – Türkiye/Turkey: Legacy of “Friendly Neutrality”.Goals of Soviet Policy towards Turkey
Authors: Naumkin Vitaliy
Published: March 2024

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the Soviet leadership’s approaches to the implementation of the goals of the Soviet foreign policy towards Turkey, legacy of which remains until nowadays. The Soviet-Turkish relations in the 1920-s were built up on the basis of common political interests shared between two neighboring states existing in a similar geopolitical environment. The common goal for the Republic of Turkey and the USSR was to overcome international isolation and ensure national security. The Soviet government’s approach to determining the role and place of Turkey in the security system near the borders of the USSR was outlined by People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs G.V. Chicherin, who saw the Soviet-Turkish cooperation as one of the tools for ensuring the security of the Soviet borders in the south and southwest. One of the key issues in the Soviet-Turkish relations was the issue of the Black Sea straits. Considering the straits a "gateway" for an attack on the southern borders of the USSR, the Soviet government tried to revise the regime of the straits in a more favorable way for the country. the resolution of which in 1936 at the conference in Montreux did not suit the Soviet government completely. It was assumed that strong economic ties with the USSR and mutually beneficial security cooperation would become an effective instrument for deterring the Turkish leaders. During the Great Patriotic War, the goals of the USSR’s policy towards Turkey were to prevent it from being drawn into the war on the side of the antagonistic alliance, as well as to further revise the Montreux Convention in a more favorable direction for the Soviet leaders. The 1939–1946 attempts to put pressure on Turkey on the straits issue caused Turkey to withdraw from the orbit of the Soviet influence and led to almost two decades of hostile and tense relations between the two countries. After the death of I.V. Stalin, particularly in Khruschev’s era, the Soviet approach was characterized by a search for ways to improve Soviet-Turkish relations. The main instrument of this was expansion of the Soviet-Turkish trade and economic cooperation, due to which the foundations of today's highly developed bilateral Russian-Turkish relations were laid.
Sumpa Khenpo Yeshe Peljor (1704–1788): Life and work of the Oirat Buddhist scholar
Authors: Garri Irina
Published: March 2024

The article analyzes life and work of a famous Oirat Buddhist scholar Sumpa-kenpo Yeshe Peljor (1704–1788). He was born in 1704 in Amdo, south of Lake Kokonor, in a family of Oirat Mongols. At the age of 7, he was recognized as a reincarnation of the abbot of Gonglung Monastery. In 1723 he went to study in Central Tibet at the Gomang-datsan of the Drepung Monastery. While studying in the dastan, he urged monks of the Lhasa monasteries not to join the army during the civil war of 1727-1728 between the provinces of U and Tsang. In gratitude for the service, the ruler of Tibet, Polhane, appointed him the abbot (khenpo) of the Dreyu Kyitse monastery, after which he became known as Sumpa-kenpo. In 1731, at the age of 28, he returned in Amdo. In 1735, he went to Beijing, the capital of the Qing Empire, at the invitation of Emperor Qianlong. The collection of works of Sumpa-kenpo comprose eight volumes and 68 compositions. The most among then are the “Pagsam-Jonsang” (Wish-fullfilling tree) and the “History of Kokonor”. His work alsos include numerous texts on philosophy, the art of making statues and thangka, medicine, astrology, poetics, correspondence, etc. From 1771, Sumpa-kenpo began to visit Mongolia. Sumpa-kenpo Yeshe Peljor became a key figure in the cultural renaissance of Amdo in the 18th century and the spread of Buddhism in Inner Mongolia. In 1788, Sumpa-kenpo Yeshe-Peljor died at the age of 85, leaving behind a rich sholarly and spiritual legacy.
Japan’s agricultural policy towards food security improvement. Key strategies, initiatives and outcomes
Authors: Emelyanova Olesya
Published: March 2024

Food security in Japan has been under observation of analytics in both Japan and abroad as it is one of the key national security issues. Leading academic researchers of this issue in Japan include Suzuki N., Takeya T., Yamamoto R. and Oguchi H. However, the main focus of their analysis is the social aspect. The English language literature provides more materials on food security problem, but the situation is changing faster than information flows across the border. It means that the most up-to-date resources for analysis of the topic are the documents of the Japanese official institutions. 
Based on the Global Food Security Index (which takes into account the issues of food affordability, availability, quality and natural resources resilience), Japan is considered to be 6th most self-sufficient country in the world. However, the Japanese government still sees the national food security issue as problematic for the country’s stability due to heavy dependency on agricultural import. 
To overcome the trend, Japan utilizes multiple mechanisms to eventually improve agricultural self-sufficiency. The main focus is kept on the following 4 critical levers – i) productivity improvement, ii) agricultural employment improvement, iii) demand shift towards traditional dietary and new markets opening and iv) SDG agenda. The research also provides a case study of technologies implemented in the agricultural field in Japan in order to improve the self-sufficiency level. Moreover, emphasis is made on the government policies to develop the local market and to build the new markets abroad for the domestic farmers’ production expansion.
Was the Royal List Included in Manetho’s Work?
Authors: Nemirovsky Alexander
Published: March 2024

The author tries to clarify whether the list of Manethonian Dynasties which is present in Manetho’s material as rendered by Africanus and Eusebius (who were basing on the missing Manetho’s work) was a part of the original work by Manetho, or the epitomators compiled this list by themselves, extracting relevant information from various parts of Manetho’s narrative. Without special discussions, the second point of view is broadly accepted. The author supposes that this issue can be solved by comparing the list of Manetho’s dynasties in Africanus and Eusebius’ version with the parts of Manetho’s narrative that have survived in the quotation and retelling of Josephus and cover the times of the Dynasties XV–XIX. In the narrative, the kings of the Dynasties XV–XIX are listed in such an arrangement that their respective groups could not be identified as special segments (dynasties) into which the Egyptians divided their royal sequence, but would remain to be understood as members of one sequence without division into special segments who were only named in the interruptions filled by narrations of events. In addition, the narrative does not contain some important information about the dynasties that the list by Africanus and Eusebius preserves. Thus, Manetho had himself included a list of dynasties and kings as a kind of appendix in his work, and it was this that the epitomators reproduced first; from it, through the Epitome, the chronographs received their data about dynasties that were missing in the narrative.
The Ancient Egyptian Female Mummy-Cover of the 21st Dynasty in the Collection of the I.N. Kramskoy Voronezh Regional Art Museum
Authors: Bolshakov Vladimir A.
Published: March 2024

The article is a publication of an Ancient Egyptian anonymous mummy-cover of the Dynasty 21, kept in the collection of the I.N. Kramskoy Voronezh Regional Art Museum (Inv. no. 2 ДВ). This item is a part of the burial assemblage of a noble Egyptian woman, originating from the secret tomb of the Theban priests at Bab el-Gasus. Initially, the mummy-cover entered in the museum of the Yuryev (Tartu) Imperial University, where it ended up after the distribution of antiquities from the so-called “Russian lot” – a diplomatic gift from the Khedive Abbas II Hilmi. In fact, the mummy-cover had only twice become the subject of brief scholar publications: in the summary work of B.A. Turaev, dedicated to Egyptian antiquities in the collections of the Russian Empire (1899) and in the catalogue of Egyptian objects from museums of the former USSR, compiled by O.D. Berlev and S.I. Hodjash (1998). Thus, the relevance of the article is determined by the necessity for a new separate publication of the object, which would include along with its description the graphic reproduction and transliteration of inscriptions. The article is hence mainly devoted to the description and typological classification of the mummy-cover decoration and layout. According to O.D. Berlev, the mummy-cover should be considered as belonging to the Theban priestess Nesytaudjatakhet, whose inner and outer coffins were included in the “Russian lot” as well. Nevertheless, taking into account the recently identified archival documentation concerning the “Russian lot,” the attribution of the mummy-cover requires further investigation and additional verification.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM KOTA TANPA KUMUH (KOTAKU) (STUDI KASUS DI DESA KARANGSONG KECAMATAN INDRAMAYU KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU)
Authors: Kartini Mulyati
Published: March 2024

Kawasan permukiman kumuh merupakan permasalahan klasik yang sudah sejak lama "menghantui" kota-kota besar. Umumnya kawasan permukiman kumuh (slum area) terbentuk karena ketidakseimbangan antara penawaran dan permintaan pemanfaatan lahan untuk tempat tinggal. Kabupaten Indramayu telah menjalankan Program KOTAKU salah satunya yaitu di Desa Karangsong Kecamatan Indramayu hanya memfokuskan pada penanggulangan kumuh bagian infrastruktur. Sedangkan didalam Program KOTAKU penanggulangan kumuh tidak hanya dari aspek Infrastruktur melainkan juga dalam hal ekonomi, sosial dan budaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui Implementasi Program Kota Tanpa Kumuh (KOTAKU) (Studi Kasus Di Desa Karangsong Kecamatan Indramayu Kabupaten Indramayu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dimana menggambarkan kondisi lapangan yang ada secara objektif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Pemerintah Kabupaten Indramayu telah melaksanakan Program KOTAKU di Desa Karangsong dengan membuat saluran udicth dan betonisasi jalan dengan memberikan corak warna di jalan untuk lebih indah di lihat.
PELAYANAN ADMINISTRASI PUBLIK DINAS KEPENDUDUKAN DAN PECATATAN SIPIL KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU
Authors: Rindu Melati Samudra , Natsir Luthfi Faisal , Puspitasari Ikke , Amaliya Liya
Published: March 2024

Salah satu fungsi utama dari pemerintah yaitu melaksanakan pelayanan prima kepada masyarakat dengan menjalankan pelayanan yang berkualitas maka pemerintah telah hadir ditengah-tengah masyarakat guna memenuhi kebutuhan dasar masyarakat. Salah satu jenis pelayanan yaitu administrasi kependudukan yang menjadi ranah dari Dinas Kependudukan dan Catatan Sipil, sebagai perangkat daerah yang posisinya cukup sentral dikarenakan sering disibukkan dalam memberikan kebutuhan pelayanan kepada masyarakat berkaitan dengan administrasi kependudukan dan catatan sipil. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana pola pelayanan administrasi publik Dinas Kependudukan dan Catatan Sipil Kabupaten Indramayu. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang didapatkan selama di lapangan bahwa Disdukcapil Kabupaten Indramayu sudah cukup baik dengan memberikan pola pelayanan administrasi kependudukan kepada masyarakat melalui digitalisasai dengan nama aplikasi “SI PANDAN AYU BERMARTABAT”, masyarakat bisa mendapatkan pelayanan dimanapun dan kapanpun dengan melalui aplikasi tersebut. Selain menggunakan aplikasi, upaya lain yang dilakukan oleh Disdukcapil Kabupaten Indramayu yaitu melakukan kunjungan ke desa-desa yang cukup jauh secara jarak dengan kantor Disdukcapil untuk mendapatkan pelayanan perihal administrasi kependudukan.
PERAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PERIJINAN USAHA KECIL OBAT TRADISIONAL
Authors: Soleh Iman , Setiawan Ilham
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi pada permasalahan tentang “Peran Pemerintah Dalam Perijinan Usaha Kecil Obat Tradisional (Studi pada Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Provinsi Jawa Barat)”. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mngetahui bagaimana peran pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Barat terhadap masyarakat dalam pelayanan pendaftaran ijin usaha kecil obat tradisional. Peran Pemerintah Sebagai Regulator yaitu yang memiliki wewenang untuk mengeluarkan izin oprasional dan wewenang dalam memonitor pelaksanaan izin tersebut, Peran Pemerintah Sebagai Dinamisator adalah memobilisasi dalam pembangunan yaitu dengan menggerakan partisipasi multi pihak dalam proses pembangunan, Peran Pemerintah Sebagai Fasilitator yaitu pemerintah memfasilitasi masyarakat untuk proses perijinan melalui administrasi. Adapun pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara studi kepustaan dan studi lapangan (wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi). Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa Peran Pemerintah Dalam Perijinan Usaha Kecil Obat Tradisional pada Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Provinsi Jawa Barat masih belum optimal karena beberapa faktor diantaranya, kurangnya sosialisasi terhadap masyarakat, persyaratan yang masih belum banyak dimengerti, dan terbatasnya sumber daya manusia yang dimiliki pihak pemerintah.
PERENCANAAN KONSTRUKSI JARINGAN IRIGASI MELALUI PARTISIPATIF MASYARAKAT
Authors: Soleh Soleh
Published: March 2024

Alasan-alasan demikian melahirkan beragam pemikiran tentang pendekatan pengembangan program yang lebih partisipatif. Istilah-istilah partisipasi masyarakat, perencanaan dari bawah (bottom up-planning), penyadaran, pendekatan yang berpusat pada petani (farmer centered approach), dan lain-lain, menjadi kosa kata para aktivis pembangunan, baik pemerintah maupun swasta, walaupun kenyataannya belum mencerminkan arti kata tersebut. Program-program yang ada masih saja tetap diturunkan dari atas (top down approach), direncanakan dari meja kantor, sementara masyarakat diperkenankan berpartisipasi dalam pelaksanaan fisik dilapangan, sehingga tingkatan partisipasinya masih layak disebut sebagai mobilisasi.
ANALISIS STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN PELABUHAN PERIKANAN DI KABUATEN INDRAMAYU
Authors: Sam’un Muhamad , Ismanudin Ismanudin , Rizkiyah Wiji Febriyani
Published: March 2024

Kebijakan pengelolaan wilayah pantai dan pesisir di Kabupaten Indramayu telah dituangkan dalam Rencana Induk Pembangunan Perikanan dan Kelautan (RIPPK) 2013-2032 seiring dengan diundangkannya Undang-Undang RI Nomor 27 Tahun 2007 tentang Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil dan diikuti dengan diterbitkannya beberapa peraturan daerah dan keputusan Bupati Indramayu. Permasalahannya bahwa pengelolaan pelabuhan perikanan di Kabupaten Indramayu belum sepenuhnya efektif, diantaranya terlihat dari belum optimalnya produksi ikan, peningkatan PAD dari retribusi TPI, dan rendahnya kesejahteraan masyarakat dan nelayan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi dalam pengelolaan pelabuhan perikanan tahun 2020.  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat 7 (tujuh) strategi yang dapat dipilih oleh Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Indramayu dan Dinas/Badan/Lembaga terkait  maupun pihak lainnya dalam pengelolaan pelabuhan perikanan di Kabupaten Indramayu. Meskipun demikian diperlukan penajaman untuk menghasilkan strategi implementasi pengelolaan pelabuhan perikanan yang efektif, efisien, dan akuntabel sesuai peraturan dan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, serta nilai-nilai kearifan lokal di daerah.
ANALISIS DETERMINAN NIAT PEMBELIAN PADA SKINTIFIC
Authors: Santosa Dian Gracellya , Sander Ongky Alex
Published: March 2024

Sebelum proses pembelian suatu produk, konsumen akan memiliki suatu kesadaran atau niat beli terhadap produk tersebut. Niat pembelian terjadi ketika seorang individu mempunyai dorongan perilaku untuk membeli produk yang diinginkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah meneliti pengaruh dari gaya penjualan dengan konten iklan di media sosial, konten promosi penjualan di media sosial, citra merek hedonis, dan citra merek fungsional terhadap niat pembelian pada Skintific. Peneliti melakukan penyebaran kuesioner dan memeproleh sebanyak 275 sampel dengan alat bantu Google Formulir. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan metode survey yang diukur dengan skala likert sebagai teknik pengumpulan data yang akan diolah menggunakan bantuan aplikasi SmartPLS 3.2.9.dengan tahap  pengolahan data yaitu analisis model pengukuran, dan juga analisis model stuktural. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan adanya hubungan antara gaya penjualan dengan konten iklan di media sosial dan niat pembelian yang signifikan, konten promosi penjualan di media sosial dan niat pembelian yang signifikan, citra merek hedonis dan niat pembelian yang signifikan, citra merek fungsional terhadap niat pembelian yang tidak berpengaruh signifikan.
Kinetic regularities of neopentyl glycol esterification with acetic and 2-ethylhexanoic acids
Authors: Chicheva D. S. , Krasnykh E. L. , Shakun V. A.
Published: March 2024

Objectives. Development of a domestic technology for producing environmentally friendly non-phthalate plasticizers, lubricants and transformer fluids based on neopentyl glycol (NPG), an oxo-synthesis product.

Methods. The methodology of the work was to study the kinetic laws of NPG esterification with acetic and 2-ethylhexanoic acids under self-catalysis conditions with an 8-fold molar excess of monocarboxylic acids. The production of NPG esters was carried out by azeotropic esterification in the presence of solvents—benzene and m-xylene. The resulting diesters were isolated from the reaction mass by vacuum rectification. The purity of the obtained NPG diesters was no less than 99.7 wt %. Analysis of the qualitative and quantitative composition of reaction samples was carried out using infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas–liquid chromatography.

Results. The paper presents the results of kinetic studies on NPG esterification of with acetic and 2-ethylhexanoic acids. It compares the reaction rates and reactivity of the acids used. Under the given conditions, NPG diesters were produced, and some of their physicochemical properties were determined. This enabled the data obtained to be used for the development of industrial technology in the production of NPG diesters.

Conclusions. It was established that with an eightfold molar excess of acid under self-catalysis conditions, a yield of NPG diacetate equal to 95% is achieved within 20–22 h at an optimal process temperature of 100–110℃; NPG di(2-ethylhexanoate)—within 26–28 h at 160–170℃. The activation energies and pre-exponential factors for the formation of NPG mono- and diesters with acetic and 2-ethylhexanoic acids were established. The paper presents the kinetic models of esterification.
Synthesis and application of chromium complexes based on 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)-H-1,2,3-triazole ligands to obtain higher С10–С18 olefins
Authors: Senin A. A. , Polyanskii K. B. , Sheloumov A. M. , Afanasiev V. V. , Yumasheva T. M. , Rudyak K. B. , Vorobyev S. V.
Published: March 2024

Objectives. To synthesize 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)-H-1,2,3-triazole ligands and new chromium complexes based on them, in order to obtain a fraction of higher C10–C18 alpha-olefins from ethylene.

Methods. The Schlenk technique was used to obtain the target chromium complexes. Diphenylphosphanyl triazole ligands can be characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The composition of the final products was confirmed by elemental analysis. The liquid phase of the oligomerization reaction was studied by gas chromatography.

Results. L1–L9 ligands were obtained, and K1–K9 chromium complexes were synthesized based on the correspondent ligands using commercially available chromium (III) trichloride tris(tetrahydrofuran). The K1–K9 complexes thus obtained were tested in the process of ethylene oligomerization.

Conclusions. Chromium complexes based on 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)-H-1,2,3-triazoles K1–K9 were produced in high yields using the Schlenk technique. It was found that systems based on the K4–K7 and K9 complexes enable the ethylene oligomerization process to be carried out with a sufficiently high level of productivity. It was shown that the introduction of a dialkyl zinc derivative increases the performance and selectivity of the catalytic system for the target fraction.
Synthesis of copolymers based on divinylbenzene and dibenzocyclobutyldimethylsilane and a study of their functional characteristics
Authors: Lobanova A. V. , Levchenko K. S. , Adamov G. E. , Smelin P. S. , Grebennikov E. P. , Kirilin А. D.
Published: March 2024

Objectives. To create new polymer materials based on organosilicon derivatives of benzocyclobutene and to study the possibility of their use as insulating dielectric layers in micro- and microwave electronics devices.

Methods. The synthesis of the dibenzocyclobutyldimethylsilane (diBCB-DMS) monomer was carried out from 4-brombenzocyclobutene through the production stage of the Grignard reagent. Copolymers based on divinylbenzene and dibenzocyclobutyldimethylsilane were obtained by means of thermal polymerization. The properties and structure of the copolymers thus obtained were studied using the following methods: thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectroscopy, and by means of high-frequency measurements of volt-ampere characteristics and volumetric resonator.

Results. diBCB-DMS was synthesized with a yield of 81.5%. The composition and structure were confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The dielectric constant of the diBCB-DMS homopolymer is ~2.6. The tangent of the dielectric loss angle at 1 GHz of the diBCB-DMS homopolymer is 2.3∙10−4. The tangent of the dielectric loss angle at 10 GHz of the diBCB-DMS homopolymer is 2.6∙10−4. The study of divinylbenzene and diBCB-DMS copolymers in different molar ratios on a thermogravimetric analyzer showed that the copolymers are able to withstand temperatures up to 470°C. The dielectric permittivity of diBCB-DMS and divinylbenzene copolymers in a molar ratio of 1 : 1 was 2.6. The values of the loss tangent at 1 and 10 GHz of copolymers in a molar ratio of 1 : 1 were 4.0∙10−4 and 5.6∙10−4, respectively.

Conclusion. Analysis of the obtained results shows that the samples of the diBCB-DMS homopolymer have the same dielectric characteristics as the samples based on diBCB-DMS and divinylbenzene, therefore, the introduction of divinylbenzene into the polymer structure does not worsen the dielectric parameters and such polimer materials can be used at high temperatures.
New approaches to the synthesis of substituted derivatives of the [B3H8]− anion
Authors: Lukoshkova A. A. , Shulyak A. T. , Posypayko E. E. , Selivanov N. A. , Golubev A. V. , Kubasov А. S. , Bykov A. Yu. , Zhdanov A. P. , Zhizhin K. Yu. , Kuznetsov N. T.
Published: March 2024

Objectives. To develop methods for the synthesis of substituted derivatives of the octahydrotriborate anion. Such compounds can be considered as hydrogen storage, components of ionic liquids, precursors for the production of boride coatings using the traditional chemical vapor deposition method, and also as a building material for the production of higher boron hydrogen clusters.

Methods. Since substitution reactions are sensitive to moisture and atmospheric oxygen, the syntheses were carried out in a direct flow of argon or in a dry, sealed SPEKS GB02M glove box with a double gas purification unit and two airlocks. The reaction was initiated by cooling to 0°C, in order to avoid the formation of by-products. All the results were characterized using infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies.

Results. The study presents a detailed study of the known methods for preparing substituted derivatives of the octahydrotriborate(1−) anion using dry hydrogen chloride as an electrophilic inductor and makes recommendations for improvement. In this method it is advisable to use cesium octahydrotriborate which facilitates the yield of the target product. New methods were proposed to initiate the substitution reaction in the [B3H8]−-anion using N-chlorosuccinimide and bromine. Using these inductors, new substituted derivatives of the octahydrotriborate anion with N-nucleophiles were obtained and defined by means of IR and NMR spectroscopies: [B3H7NCR], (R = Et, i-Pr, Ph) and [B3H7NH2R], (R = C9H19 (INA), Bn), [B3H7NHEt2], as well as Bu4N[B3H7Hal], Bu4N[B3H6Hal2], where Hal = Сl, Br. It was also established that hydrogen bromide is released during the reaction with bromine and amines. This immediately protonates the amine which requires additional heating of the reaction mixture. The study also established that the reaction mechanism with N-chlorosuccinimide is not radical.

Conclusions. The main factors influencing the course of the substitution reaction are the possible occurrence of side interactions between the nucleophile and the inducer, steric possibilities, and subsequent isolation of the reactive reaction products.