bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rapid Growth of Nanocrystalline Diamond on Single Crystal Diamond for Studies on Materials under Extreme Conditions
Authors: Moore Samuel L. , Samudrala Gopi K. , Catledge Shane A. , Vohra Yogesh K.
Published: January 2018

Early stage nucleation morphologies of spatially localized nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) micro-anvils grown on (100)-oriented single crystal diamond (SCD) anvil surfaces were analyzed and investigated for applications in high pressure studies on materials. NCD was grown on SCD using Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (MPCVD) for brief time intervals ranging from 1–15 minutes. Early stage film morphologies were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy and were compared to films grown for several hours. Rapid nucleation and growth of NCD on SCD is demonstrated without any pre-growth seeding of the substrate surface. As grown NCD diamond micro-anvils on SCD were used to generate static pressure of 0.5 Terapascal (TPa) on a tungsten sample as measured by synchrotron x-ray diffraction in a diamond anvil cell. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis after decompression from ultrahigh pressures showed that the detachment of the NCD stage occurred in the bulk of the SCD and not at the interface, suggesting significant adhesive bond strength between nanocrystalline and single crystal diamond.
Microarray profiling of miRNA and mRNA expression in Rag2 knockout and wild-type mouse spleens
Authors: Reza Abu Musa Md Talimur , Cho Seong-Keun , Choi Yun-Jung , Hong Kwonho , Kim Jin-Hoi
Published: January 2018

The Rag2 knockout (KO) mouse is one of the most popular immune compromised animal models used in biomedical research. The immune compromised state concurrently alters many signalling pathways and molecules, including miRNAs and mRNA transcripts that are involved in important biological processes. In addition, miRNAs and transcripts are interdependent, often forming a feedback loop; dysregulation in one might alter the expression of the other, and both participate in many physiological processes including immune regulation. Here, we describe a comprehensive dataset containing alterations in the expression of both miRNAs and mRNAs in Rag2 KO mice compared to their wild type counterparts. The miRNA and mRNA expression profiles were generated from total RNA using a miRNA expression microarray or a BeadChip microarray, respectively. Hence, this dataset will provide the groundwork for a comparative study of the miRNAs and mRNAs that are dysregulated in Rag2 KO mice. It is hoped that the data will illuminate how miRNAs mediate immune regulation, as well as the interaction between miRNAs and mRNAs in Rag2 KO mice.
Survey-based socio-economic data from slums in Bangalore, India
Authors: Roy Debraj , Palavalli Bharath , Menon Niveditha , King Robin , Pfeffer Karin , Lees Michael , Sloot Peter M. A.
Published: January 2018

In 2010, an estimated 860 million people were living in slums worldwide, with around 60 million added to the slum population between 2000 and 2010. In 2011, 200 million people in urban Indian households were considered to live in slums. In order to address and create slum development programmes and poverty alleviation methods, it is necessary to understand the needs of these communities. Therefore, we require data with high granularity in the Indian context. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of highly granular data at the level of individual slums. We collected the data presented in this paper in partnership with the slum dwellers in order to overcome the challenges such as validity and efficacy of self reported data. Our survey of Bangalore covered 36 slums across the city. The slums were chosen based on stratification criteria, which included geographical location of the slum, whether the slum was resettled or rehabilitated, notification status of the slum, the size of the slum and the religious profile. This paper describes the relational model of the slum dataset, the variables in the dataset, the variables constructed for analysis and the issues identified with the dataset. The data collected includes around 267,894 data points spread over 242 questions for 1,107 households. The dataset can facilitate interdisciplinary research on spatial and temporal dynamics of urban poverty and well-being in the context of rapid urbanization of cities in developing countries.
Erratum: Sensory augmentation: integration of an auditory compass signal into human perception of space
Authors: Schumann Frank , O’Regan J. Kevin
Published: January 2018

Scientific Reports 7: Article number: 42197; published online: 14 February 2017; updated: 17 January 2018. Due to a typesetting error, the original version of this Article contained errors in the Reference list and in-text citations. References 39 to 102 were incorrectly listed as 40 to 103. In addition, reference 103 was incorrectly listed as 39.
Rapid sample preparation with multi-channel focused infrared micro-ashing prior to determination of chromium in gelatin capsules by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Ni , Zheng Jianbin
Published: January 2018

Rapid sample preparation of chromium in gelatin capsules with multi-channel focused infrared micro-ashing.
A silencing-mediated enhancement of osteogenic differentiation by supramolecular ternary siRNA polyplexes comprising biocleavable cationic polyrotaxanes and anionic fusogenic peptides
Authors: Inada Takasuke , Tamura Atsushi , Terauchi Masahiko , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Yui Nobuhiko
Published: January 2018

The gene silencing of noggin by siRNA polyplexes composed of noggin-targeted siRNA, biocleavable cationic polyrotaxanes (DMAE-SS-PRX), and fusogenic GALA peptides was demonstrated to improve osteogenic differentiation efficiency.
Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction by a cobalt bis(pyridylmonoimine) complex: effect of acid concentration on catalyst activity and stability
Authors: Nie Weixuan , McCrory Charles C. L.
Published: January 2018

Adding a proton source accelerates the rate of CO2 reduction by a cobalt bis(pyridylmonoimine) complex and increases the catalyst's stability.
Expanding the chemical diversity of TNA with tUTP derivatives that are substrates for a TNA polymerase
Authors: Mei Hui , Chaput John C.
Published: January 2018

Expanding the chemical diversity of threose nucleic acid (TNA) beyond the natural bases would enable the development of TNA polymers with enhanced physicochemical properties.
3D printing of graphene-doped target for “matrix-free” laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Wang Dingyi , Huang Xiu , Li Jie , He Bin , Liu Qian , Hu Ligang , Jiang Guibin
Published: January 2018

3D printing technique was used to easily fabricate graphene-doped target that permitted the LDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis without adding matrix.
Remarkable increase in the rate of the catalytic epoxidation of electron deficient styrenes through the addition of Sc(OTf)3 to the MnTMTACN catalyst
Authors: Nodzewska Aneta , Watkinson Michael
Published: January 2018

Sc(OTf)3 produces a remarkable enhancement in the activity of the MnTMTACN catalyst in the epoxidation of electron deficient styrenes.
l-Malic acid crystallization: polymorphism, semi-spherulites, twisting, and polarity
Authors: Yang Jingxiang , Hu Chunhua T. , Shtukenberg Alexander G. , Yin Qiuxiang , Kahr Bart
Published: January 2018

A new polymorph and twisted semi-spherulites ofl-malic acid are described and discussed in this work.
Promising half-metallicity in ductile NbF3: a first-principles prediction
Authors: Yang Bo , Wang Junru , Liu Xiaobiao , Zhao Mingwen
Published: January 2018

A ductile material: NbF3, with half-metallicity and high Curie temperature (TC= 121 K).
Kinetics of autoignition: a simple intuitive interpretation and its relation to the Livengood–Wu integral
Authors: Miyoshi Akira
Published: January 2018

A simple intuitive interpretation of autoignition.
Hexagonal SiC with spatially separated active sites on polar and nonpolar facets achieving enhanced hydrogen production from photocatalytic water reduction
Authors: Wang Da , Liu Ning , Guo Zhongnan , Wang Wenjun , Guo Liwei , Yuan Wenxia , Chen Xiaolong
Published: January 2018

The spatial separation of the photo-generated electrons and holes between the polar Si-{0001} and non-polar {10−10} crystal facets on 6H-SiC highly improves the photocatalytic activity of water splitting by nearly 5 times.
Simple conversion of earth-abundant coal to high-performance bifunctional catalysts for reversible oxygen electrodes
Authors: Chen X. X. , Wang J. , Huang X. N. , Zhao X. F. , Liu P. G. , He B. C. , Wang T. , Masa J.
Published: January 2018

Efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for reversible oxygen electrodes are vitally important for the realization of important future generation electrochemical energy conversion devices, such as regenerative fuel cells and rechargeable metal–air batteries.
Enhanced Fischer–Tropsch performances of graphene oxide-supported iron catalysts via argon pretreatment
Authors: Wei Yuxue , Zhang Chenghua , Liu Xi , Wang Yi , Chang Qiang , Qing Ming , Wen Xiaodong , Yang Yong , Li Yongwang
Published: January 2018

Argon pretreatment is used to modify the properties of graphene-supported iron catalysts with the purpose of enhancing FTS performances.
Halide encapsulation by dicarboxylate oxido-vanadium cage complexes
Authors: Gómez Margarita , Pastor Antonio , Álvarez Eleuterio , Olloqui-Sariego José Luis , Galindo Agustín
Published: January 2018

The nature of the encapsulated halide governs the shape and dimensions of cages in [Bu4N]2[V8O16(oda)4⊂2Cl] and [Bu4N][V4O8(glut)2⊂F] complexes, by the template effect.
Flexible crystalline silicon radial junction photovoltaics with vertically aligned tapered microwires
Authors: Hwang Inchan , Um Han-Don , Kim Byeong-Su , Wober Munib , Seo Kwanyong
Published: January 2018

Flexible crystalline silicon radial junction photovoltaics with tapered microwires are presented, which simultaneously show high flexibility and efficiency.
High-throughput sorting of eggs for synchronization ofC. elegansin a microfluidic spiral chip
Authors: Sofela Samuel , Sahloul Sarah , Rafeie Mehdi , Kwon Taehong , Han Jongyoon , Warkiani Majid Ebrahimi , Song Yong-Ak
Published: January 2018

High-throughput isolation ofC. eleganseggs from a mixed worm population in a spiral chip using inertial microfluidics.
Tumor-specific disintegratable nanohybrids containing ultrasmall inorganic nanoparticles: from design and improved properties to cancer applications
Authors: Wang Yun , Wang Feihu , Shen Yuanyuan , He Qianjun , Guo Shengrong
Published: January 2018

Tumor-specific disintegratable nanohybrids can penetrate into tumor deep tissue and be eliminated, exhibiting high efficacy for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
A novel pyrene-based dual multifunctional fluorescent probe for differential sensing of pH and HSO3− and their bioimaging in live cells
Authors: Chao Jianbin , Wang Huijuan , Zhang Yongbin , Yin Caixia , Huo Fangjun , Sun Jinyu , Zhao Minggen
Published: January 2018

We designed and synthesized a new fluorescent probe for detecting pH and HSO3− using pyrene as an electron donor (D) and pyridine as an electron acceptor (A).
Layered-structure microporous poly(benzimidazole)-loaded imidazole for non-aqueous proton conduction
Authors: Li Juan , Wu Zhenzhen , Li Hong , Liang Heng , Li Shuaishuai
Published: January 2018

In this work, a microporous polybenzimidazole was designed and synthesised.
Correction: 3D nitrogen-doped graphene gels as robust and sustainable adsorbents for dyes
Authors: Geng Jiyu , Si Leilei , Guo Haotian , Lin Chenhui , Xi Ye , Li Yang , Yan Xilong , Wang Bowei , Chen Ligong
Published: January 2018

Correction for ‘3D nitrogen-doped graphene gels as robust and sustainable adsorbents for dyes’ by Jiyu Geng et al., New J. Chem., 2017, 41, 15447–15457.
Exploring the structure evolution and core/ligand structure patterns of a series of large sized thiolate-protected gold clusters Au145-3N(SR)60-2N (N = 1–8): a first principles study
Authors: Wang Pu , Xiong Lin , Sun Xiangxiang , Ma Zhongyun , Pei Yong
Published: January 2018

The atomic structures of many atomically precise nanosized ligand protected gold clusters have been resolved recently.
Three-dimensional GaN dodecagonal ring structures for highly efficient phosphor-free warm white light-emitting diodes
Authors: Sim Young Chul , Lim Seung-Hyuk , Yoo Yang-Seok , Jang Min-Ho , Choi Sunghan , Yeo Hwan-Seop , Woo Kie Young , Lee Sangwon , Song Hyun Gyu , Cho Yong-Hoon
Published: January 2018

Multifaceted dodecagonal ring structures emit light of various colours with high efficiency and are demonstrated to be phosphor-free white LEDs.
Highly selective electrochemical detection of antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine in drug and human urine samples based on peas-like strontium molybdate as an electrocatalyst
Authors: Vinoth Kumar Jeyaraj , Karthik Raj , Chen Shen-Ming , Kokulnathan Thangavelu , Sakthinathan Subramanian , Muthuraj Velluchamy , Chiu Te-Wei , Chen Tse-Wei
Published: January 2018

Electrochemical detection of antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine based on peas-like strontium molybdate as an electrocatalyst.
A green pathway to adjust the mechanical properties and degradation rate of PCL by blending bio-sourced poly(glycerol-succinate) oligoesters
Authors: Yin Guang-Zhong , Yang Xiao-Mei , Zhou Zheng , Li Qi-Fang
Published: January 2018

Fully bio-sourced PGS significantly accelerates the degradation of PCL and does not cause a significant decrease of mechanical properties after blending modification.
Low-temperature direct bonding of silicon nitride to glass
Authors: Pasternak Limor , Paz Yaron
Published: January 2018

Suggested mechanism for direct bonding of SiN to glass: (A) raw materials, (B) surfaces after plasma activation and exposure to air, (C) surfaces in contact, (D) formation of water molecules, (E) covalent bond formation and water removal.
Attraction or repulsion? Theoretical assessment of bulky alkyl groups by employing dispersion-corrected DFT
Authors: Xie Mo , Lu Wei
Published: January 2018

The attraction–repulsion balance of alkyl groups was demonstrated in an intramolecular conformational equilibrium system. The contribution of attractive dispersion is crucial.
Environmental factors, but not abundance and diversity of nitrifying microorganisms, explain sediment nitrification rates in Yangtze lakes
Authors: Yao Lu , Chen Chengrong , Liu Guihua , Li Feng , Liu Wenzhi
Published: January 2018

Sediment nitrification plays a vital role in nitrogen (N) biogeochemical cycling and ecological function of an aquatic ecosystem.
Facile synthesis and optical properties of colloidal quantum dots/ZnO composite optical resonators
Authors: Yu Jie , Dong Shaohua , Dong Hongxing , Zhan Jinxin , Sun Shulin , Zhang Long
Published: January 2018

We present a facile method of incorporating CdSe/ZnxCd1−xS CQDs onto the surface of a ZnO WGM optical microcavity. The whispering gallery mode emission of the CQDs induced by the ZnO microcavity is directly observed.
Highly conductive and transparent copper nanowire electrodes on surface coated flexible and heat-sensitive substrates
Authors: Ding Su , Tian Yanhong , Jiu Jinting , Suganuma Katsuaki
Published: January 2018

The optoelectrical property of CuNW transparent electrodes on C-PET substrates was superior to that on N-PET because the surface coatings protected the destruction of PET polymer by the high-energy light during the photonic sintering process.
On the variation of the belt and chiral screw and spring conformations of substituted regioregular HT undecathiophenes
Authors: Dobrowolski Jan Cz. , Jamróz Małgorzata E.
Published: January 2018

The stability and characteristics of shape and π-electron delocalization of a belt- and two chiral screw- and spring-conformers of HT regioregular substituted undecathiophenes was calculated.
Products of sugar beet processing as raw materials for chemicals and biodegradable polymers
Authors: Tomaszewska J. , Bieliński D. , Binczarski M. , Berlowska J. , Dziugan P. , Piotrowski J. , Stanishevsky A. , Witońska I. A.
Published: January 2018

This paper presents an overview of alternative uses for products of sugar beet processing, especially sucrose, as chemical raw materials for the production of biodegradable polymers.
Synthesis, and single crystal structure of fully-substituted polynitrobenzene derivatives for high-energy materials
Authors: Yang Wei , Lu Huanchang , Liao Longyu , Fan Guijuan , Ma Qing , Huang Jinglun
Published: January 2018

Novel energetic fully-substituted polynitrobenzene derivatives were synthesized from economical TCTNB and exhibit good thermal stabilities coupled with reasonable detonation performance.
Rapid, selective and stable HaloTag-LbADH immobilization directly from crude cell extract for the continuous biocatalytic production of chiral alcohols and epoxides
Authors: Döbber J. , Pohl M. , Ley S. V. , Musio B.
Published: January 2018

A strategy for biocatalyst immobilization in flow directly from the crude cell extract is described.
sp3C–H activationvia exo-type directing groups
Authors: Xu Yan , Dong Guangbin
Published: January 2018

The application ofexo-type directing groups (DGs) has led to the discovery of a wide range of novel C(sp3)–H activation methods, which allow efficient and site-selective functionalization of alcohol and amide derivatives.
Ultrasensitive and specific fluorescence detection of a cancer biomarkerviananomolar binding to a guanidinium-modified calixarene
Authors: Zheng Zhe , Geng Wen-Chao , Gao Jie , Wang Yu-Ying , Sun Hongwei , Guo Dong-Sheng
Published: January 2018

A well-designed macrocycle affords nanomolar binding to a cancer biomarker lysophosphatidic acid, showing potential application in the diagnosis of gynecologic cancers.
Sample preparation affects the nematic–isotropic transition in liquid crystal elastomers: insights from molecular simulation
Authors: Skačej Gregor
Published: January 2018

Molecular simulations elucidate how sample preparation—polymer network irregularity and swelling—affects the nematic–isotropic transition in liquid crystal elastomers.
Surface transformation by a “cocktail” solvent enables stable cathode materials for sodium ion batteries
Authors: Mu Linqin , Rahman Muhammad Mominur , Zhang Yan , Feng Xu , Du Xi-Wen , Nordlund Dennis , Lin Feng
Published: January 2018

Coating the surfaces of active materials has become an effective and indispensable path towards the stable operation of practical sodium rechargeable batteries.
Enhanced hydrogen permeability of hafnium nitride nanocrystalline membranes by interfacial hydride conduction
Authors: Kura Chiharu , Fujimoto Sho , Kunisada Yuji , Kowalski Damian , Tsuji Etsushi , Zhu Chunyu , Habazaki Hiroki , Aoki Yoshitaka
Published: January 2018

Hydrogen permeability based on mixed hydride ion electron conduction was demonstrated for hafnium nitride HfNx(film thickness of 100–500 nm,x= 0.8 and 1.0) nanocrystalline membranes.
A first-principles study of a real energetically stable MoN2 nanosheet and its tunable electronic structure
Authors: Wang Yanli , Ding Yi
Published: January 2018

A non-MoS2-like geometry is identified as the real energetically stable structure for MoN2 nanosheets, which possess tunable electronic properties.
Performance assessment of sequential Bayesian processors based on probably approximately correct computation and information theory
Authors: Jaras I. , Orchard M.E.
Published: January 2018

A novel method to characterise the efficacy and efficiency of different sequential Bayesian processor implementations is proposed. This method is based on concepts of probably approximately correct computation and information theory measures. The proposed approach is used to compare the performance of three different Bayesian estimation algorithms (particle filter, unscented Kalman filter (UKF), and UKF with outer feedback correction loops) in the context of lithium‐ion battery state‐of‐charge monitoring.
Stability and control of mixed AC–DC systems with VSC‐HVDC: a review
Authors: Shah Rakibuzzaman , Sánchez Jesus C. , Preece Robin , Barnes Mike
Published: January 2018

Voltage‐source converter‐high‐voltage direct current (VSC‐HVDC) systems have become an attractive option for integrating remote and far‐from‐shore renewable energy resources to main AC grids. The desire for greater power transfer capability and the difficulty in securing right‐of‐way for new AC lines in many countries is also resulting in the increased use of embedded VSC‐HVDC systems operating in parallel with existing AC lines. It has been stated that the control and operation of VSC‐HVDC systems are of particular concern for weak grids with fewer large synchronous generation units (a highly probable case for many grids in future). If the anticipated proliferation of VSC‐HVDC links continues, several aspects of system stability will be significantly impacted. This study presents an overview of the effects of VSC‐HVDC control and operation on power system stability. The structure, control, control tuning, and modelling of VSC‐HVDC is briefly summarised to provide context for subsequent discussion of the system dynamics. An extensive critical review of the previous research into mixed AC–DC systems incorporating VSC‐HVDC is then provided including voltage stability, small and large‐disturbance angle stability, high‐frequency interaction, and frequency stability. Finally, recommendations are presented to guide critical future research.
Evaluation methodology for license plate recognition systems and experimental results
Authors: Youting Zhao , Zhi Yu , Xiying Li
Published: January 2018

Two of the most critical requirements for the development of license plate recognition (LPR) systems are a comprehensive database of license plate images and a testing procedure to evaluate the system. This study addresses both issues through the LPR system test (LPRST), which establishes the first performance benchmark for the LPR system. There are three important parts in the study: (i) the comprehensive, structured and labelled license plate image database is established, which is openly available to researchers; (ii) the first technical evaluation protocol for the LPR system is established, in which the testing technology has a corresponding relation to the testing image label; (iii) the LPRST is the first open technical performance evaluation of commercial systems, which identify the strengths and weakness of the existing systems, and the future areas of research in the field of LPR.
Overcoming the Chu lower bound on antenna Q with highly dispersive lossy material
Authors: Yaghjian Arthur D.
Published: January 2018

Beginning with a brief overview of the history of lower bounds on the quality factor Q of antennas and the fundamental relationships between the impedance, bandwidth, and Q of antennas, it is demonstrated by means of RLC circuit models of electrically small antennas that their isolated‐resonance quality factors obtained from the ‘Q‐energy’ predicts their bandwidths with greater accuracy than the ‘equivalent‐circuit’ energies or the ‘electrodynamic’ energies. A generalisation is obtained for quasi‐static fields of antennas that facilitate the evaluation of the expressions for the Q‐energy. It is verified that the Q‐energy cannot be considered stored energy in the highly dispersive lossy material. Nonetheless, using tuning elements containing highly dispersive lossy material, the bandwidth of fifty‐per cent (for example) efficient electrically small dipole antennas can be designed with twice the bandwidth predicted by the Chu lower bound for the quality factor of fifty‐per cent efficient antennas.
Improved series active power filter with fundamental and harmonic magnetic flux hybrid compensation
Authors: Li Dayi , Song Meng , Hu Jing , Luo Yunsong , Xiao Xueli , Yang Kai
Published: January 2018

The filtering performance of series hybrid active power filter (SHAPF) based on fundamental magnetic flux compensation positively correlates with the magnetising impedance of the transformer. However, excessive magnetising impedance will decrease reliability while increasing capacity and costs of the whole system. In order to reduce the magnetising impedance while ensuring the same filtering performance of SHAPF, an improved series active power filter (ISAPF) with fundamental and harmonics magnetic flux hybrid control is presented here. The equivalent impedances to fundamental and harmonics in ISAPF are firstly analysed to explain the principle of ‘harmonic isolation’. Then the range of compensation coefficients is investigated in detail based on the complete control block diagram and the open‐loop function of ISAPF. Moreover, stability conditions of an overall system with non‐linear loads are deduced. Finally, a set of single‐phase prototype with two kinds of special transformer has been constructed; the related experiments results showed that ISAPF can ensure the filtering performance while applying a transformer with smaller capacity, thus resulting in the reduction in capacity and the costs while increasing the reliability.
Investigation on three‐phase seven‐level cascaded DC‐link converter using carrier level shifted modulation schemes for solar PV system applications
Authors: Uthirasamy Ramasami , Kumar Chinnaiyan Venkatachalam , Ragupathy Uthandipalayam Subramaniyam , Karpagam Jagadeesan
Published: January 2018

Three‐phase seven‐level cascaded DC‐link converter (CDCLC) is proposed for solar photovoltaic (PV) applications. The proposed configuration is integrated with stepped DC‐link module (DCLM) and H‐bridge inverter. In CDCLC configuration, the stepped DC‐link voltage is attained through DCLMs with reduced inverter voltage stress. Compared with conventional two‐level and three‐level inverters, power spectral density in the multiples of switching frequency is significantly reduced. Elimination of inverter end filter components emphasises the advantage of CDCLC systems over conventional inverters. A reduction in DC sources, power switches, and gate driver units make the system more cost‐effective over conventional cascaded multilevel inverter. To achieve the quality of power output in the proposed converter, carrier level shifted pulse width modulation (CLSPWM) schemes are developed for the DC‐link converter switching. Simulated and experimental models of three‐phase seven‐level CDCLC configuration are developed and its performance is analysed for CLSPWM switching schemes.
Binary energy source of the HH 250 outflow and its circumstellar environment
Authors: Comerón Fernando , Reipurth Bo , Yen Hsi-Wei , Connelley Michael S.
Published: January 2018

Aims. Herbig-Haro flows are signposts of recent major accretion and outflow episodes. We aim to determine the nature and properties of the little-known outflow source HH 250-IRS, which is embedded in the Aquila clouds.

Methods. We have obtained adaptive optics-assisted L-band images with the NACO instrument on the Very Large Telescope (VLT), together with N- and Q-band imaging with VISIR also on the VLT. Using the SINFONI instrument on the VLT we carried out H- and K-band integral field spectroscopy of HH 250-IRS, complemented with spectra obtained with the SpeX instrument at the InfraRed Telescope Facility (IRTF) in the JHKL bands. Finally, the SubMillimeter Array (SMA) interferometer was used to study the circumstellar environment of HH 250-IRS at 225 and 351 GHz with CO (2–1) and CO (3–2) maps and 0.9 mm and 1.3 mm continuum images.

Results. The HH 250-IRS source is resolved into a binary with 0.′′53 separation, corresponding to 120 AU at the adopted distance of 225 pc. The individual components show heavily veiled spectra with weak CO absorption indicative of late-type stars. Both are Class I sources, but their spectral energy distributions between 1.5 μm and 19 μm differ markedly and suggest the existence of a large cavity around one of the components. The millimeter interferometric observations indicate that the gas mainly traces a circumbinary envelope or disk, while the dust emission is dominated by one of the circumstellar envelopes.

Conclusions. HH 250-IRS is a new addition to the handful of multiple systems where the individual stellar components, the circumstellar disks and a circumbinary disk can be studied in detail, and a rare case among those systems in which a Herbig-Haro flow is present.
Orbit and intrinsic spin-up of the newly discovered transient X-ray pulsar Swift J0243.6+6124
Authors: Doroshenko V. , Tsygankov S. , Santangelo A.
Published: January 2018

We present the orbital solution for the newly discovered transient Be X-ray binary Swift J0243.6+6124 based on the data from the gamma-ray burst monitor on board Fermi obtained during the October 2017 outburst. We model the Doppler induced and intrinsic spin variations of the neutron star assuming that the latter is driven by accretion torque, and we discuss the implications of the observed spin variations for the parameters of the neutron star and the binary. In particular, we conclude that the neutron star must be strongly magnetized, and estimate the distance to the source at ~5 kpc.
Escaping Electrons from Intense Laser-Solid Interactions as a Function of Laser Spot Size
Authors: Rusby Dean , Gray Ross , Butler Nick , Dance Rachel , Scott Graeme , Bagnoud Vincent , Zielbauer Bernhard , McKenna Paul , Neely David
Published: January 2018

The interaction of a high-intensity laser with a solid target produces an energetic distribution of electrons that pass into the target. These electrons reach the rear surface of the target creating strong electric potentials that act to restrict the further escape of additional electrons. The measurement of the angle, flux and spectra of the electrons that do escape gives insights to the initial interaction. Here, the escaping electrons have been measured using a differentially filtered image plate stack, from interactions with intensities from mid 1020-1017 W/cm2, where the intensity has been reduced by defocussing to increase the size of the focal spot. An increase in electron flux is initially observed as the intensity is reduced from 4x1020 to 6x1018 W/cm2. The temperature of the electron distribution is also measured and found to be relatively constant. 2D particle-in-cell modelling is used to demonstrate the importance of pre-plasma conditions in understanding these observations.
Surface modifications of AISI 420 stainless steel by low energy Yttrium ions
Authors: Nassisi Vincenzo , Delle Side Domenico , Turco Vito , Martina Luigi
Published: January 2018

In this work, we study surface modifications of AISI 420 stainless steel specimens in order to improve their surface properties. Oxidation resistance and surface micro-hardness were analyzed. Using an ion beam delivered by a Laser Ion Source (LIS) coupled to an electrostatic accelerator, we performed implantation of low energy yttrium ions on the samples. The ions experienced an acceleration passing through a gap whose ends had a potential difference of 60 kV. The gap was placed immediately before the samples surface. The LIS produced high ions fluxes per laser pulse, up to 3x1011 ions/cm2, resulting in a total implanted flux of 7x1015 ions/cm2. The samples were characterized before and after ion implantation using two analytical techniques. They were also thermally treated to investigate the oxide scale. The crystal phases were identified by an X-ray diffractometer, while the micro-hardness was assayed using the scratch test and a profilometer. The first analysis was applied to blank, implanted and thermally treated sample surface, while the latter was applied only to blank and implanted sample surfaces. We found a slight increase in the hardness values and an increase to oxygen resistance. The implantation technique we used has the advantages, with respect to conventional methods, to modify the samples at low temperature avoiding stray diffusion of ions inside the substrate bulk.
Electro-optic analysis of the influence of target geometry on electromagnetic pulses generated by petawatt laser-matter interactions
Authors: Robinson Timothy , Giltrap Samuel , Eardley Samuel , Consoli Fabrizio , De Angelis Riccardo , Ingenito Francesco , Stuart Nicholas , Verona Claudio , Smith Roland A
Published: January 2018

We present an analysis of strong laser-driven electromagnetic pulses using novel electro-optic diagnostic techniques. A range of targets were considered, including thin plastic foils (20-550 nm) and mass-limited, optically-levitated micro-targets. Results from foils indicate a dependence of EMP on target thickness, with larger peak electric fields observed with thinner targets. Spectral analysis suggests high repeatability between shots, with identified spectral features consistently detected with <1 MHz standard deviations of the peak position. This deviation is reduced for shots taken on the same day, suggesting that local conditions, such as movement of metal objects within the target chamber, are more likely to lead to minor spectral modifications, highlighting the role of the local environment in determining the details of EMP production. Levitated targets are electrically isolated from their environment, hence these targets should be unable to draw a neutralization current from the earth following ejection of hot electrons from the plasma, in contrast to predictions for pin-mounted foils in the Poyé EMP generation model. With levitated targets, no EMP was measurable above the noise threshold of any diagnostic, despite observation of protons accelerated to >30 MeV energies, suggesting the discharge current contribution to EMP is dominant.
Laser Irradiated Foam Targets: Absorption and Radiative Properties
Authors: Salvadori Martina , Luigi Andreoli Pier , Cipriani Mattia , Consoli Fabrizio , Cristofari Giuseppe , De Angelis Riccardo , di Giorgio Giorgio , Giulietti Danilo , Ingenito Francesco , Yu. Gus’kov Sergey , Rupasov Alexander A.
Published: January 2018

An experimental campaign to characterize the laser radiation absorption of foam targets and the subsequent emission of radiation from the produced plasma was carried out in the ABC facility of the ENEA Research Center in Frascati (Rome). Different targets have been used: plastic in solid or foam state and aluminum targets. The activated different diagnostics allowed to evaluate the plasma temperature, the density distribution, the fast particle spectrum and the yield of the X-Ray radiation emitted by the plasma for the different targets. These results confirm the foam homogenization action on laser-plasma interaction, mainly attributable to the volume absorption of the laser radiation propagating in such structured materials. These results were compared with simulation absorption models of the laser propagating into a foam target.
Directional Track Selection Technique in CR39 SSNTD for lowyield reaction experiments
Authors: Ingenito Francesco , Andreoli Pierluigi , Batani Dimitri , Bonasera Aldo , Boutoux Guillaume , Burgy Frederic , Cipriani Mattia , Consoli Fabrizio , Cristofari Giuseppe , De Angelis Riccardo , Di Giorgio Giorgio , Ducret Jean Eric , Giulietti Danilo , Jakubowska Katarzyna
Published: January 2018

There is a great interest in the study of p-11B aneutronic nuclear fusion reactions, both for energy production and for determination of fusion cross-sections at low energies. In this context we performed experiments at CELIA in which energetic protons, accelerated by the laser ECLIPSE, were directed toward a solid Boron target. Because of the small cross-sections at these energies the number of expected reactions is low. CR39 Solid-State Nuclear Track Detectors (SSNTD) were used to detect the alpha particles produced. Because of the low expected yield, it is difficult to discriminate the tracks due to true fusion products from those due to natural background in the CR39. To this purpose we developed a methodology of particle recognition according to their direction with respect to the detector normal, able to determine the position of their source. We applied this to the specific experiment geometry, so to select from all the tracks those due to particles coming from the region of interaction between accelerated protons and solid boron target. This technique can be of great help on the analysis of SSNTD in experiments with low yield reactions, but can be also generally applied to any experiment where particles reach the track detector with known directions, and for example to improve the detection limit of particle spectrometers using CR39.
A viable compactification scenario in Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Authors: Toporensky Alexey , Pavluchenko Sergey
Published: January 2018

In this talk we address two important issues which could affect reaching the exponential and Kasner asymptotes in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet cosmologies – spatial curvature and anisotropy in both three- and extra-dimensional subspaces. In the first part we consider cosmological evolution of spaces being the product of two isotropic and spatially curved subspaces. We consider all possible number of spatial dimensions and provide description of the curvature effects in these dimensions. It is demonstrated that the dynamics in D = 2 (the number of extra dimensions) and D ≥ 3 is different. In particular, the regime with the “stabilization” of extra dimensions could be reached only if D ≥ 3. In the second part we study the influence of initial anisotropy. Our study of reveals that transition from Gauss-Bonnet Kasner regime to anisotropic exponential expansion (with expanding three and contracting extra dimensions) is stable with respect to breaking the symmetry within both three- and extra-dimensional subspaces in any number of extra dimensions. This allows us to construct a scenario where isotropisation of outer and inner subspaces is reached dynamically from rather general anisotropic initial conditions.
Particle Dynamics Around a Charged Black Hole
Authors: Iftikhar Sehrish
Published: January 2018

This paper investigates particle dynamics around the noncommutative Reissner Nordström black hole. We study escape velocity of the particle at innermost stable circular orbit. In order to discuss the stability of orbits we analyze effective potential.We compare our results with the dynamics of particles in Reissner Nordström as well as noncommutative Schwarzschild black hole. We observe that the noncommutative parameter affects the motion of particles.
Universal relations with fermionic dark matter
Authors: Krut A. , Argüelles C. R. , Rueda J. A. , Ruffini R.
Published: January 2018

We have recently introduced a new model for the distribution of dark matter (DM) in galaxies, the Ruffini-Argüelles-Rueda (RAR) model, based on a self-gravitating system of massive fermions at finite temperatures. The RAR model, for fermion masses above keV, successfully describes the DM halos in galaxies, and predicts the existence of a denser quantum core towards the center of each configuration. We demonstrate here, for the first time, that the introduction of a cutoff in the fermion phase-space distribution, necessary to account for galaxies finite size and mass, defines a new solution with a compact quantum core which represents an alternative to the central black hole (BH) scenario for SgrA*. For a fermion mass in the range 48keV ≤ mc2 ≤ 345keV, the DM halo distribution fulfills the most recent data of the Milky Way rotation curves while harbors a dense quantum core of 4×106M⊙ within the S2 star pericenter. In particular, for a fermion mass of mc2 ∼ 50keV the model is able to explain the DM halos from typical dwarf spheroidal to normal elliptical galaxies, while harboring dark and massive compact objects from ∼ 103M⊙ tp to 108M⊙ at their respective centers. The model is shown to be in good agreement with different observationally inferred universal relations, such as the ones connecting DM halos with supermassive dark central objects. Finally, the model provides a natural mechanism for the formation of supermassive BHs as heavy as few ∼ 108M⊙. We argue that larger BH masses (few ∼ 109−10M⊙) may be achieved by assuming subsequent accretion processes onto the above heavy seeds, depending on accretion efficiency and environment.
Hartle-Hawking wave function and large-scale power suppression of CMB
Authors: Yeom Dong-han
Published: January 2018

In this presentation, we first describe the Hartle-Hawking wave function in the Euclidean path integral approach. After we introduce perturbations to the background instanton solution, following the formalism developed by Halliwell-Hawking and Laflamme, one can obtain the scale-invariant power spectrum for small-scales. We further emphasize that the Hartle-Hawking wave function can explain the large-scale power suppression by choosing suitable potential parameters, where this will be a possible window to confirm or falsify models of quantum cosmology. Finally, we further comment on possible future applications, e.g., Euclidean wormholes, which can result in distinct signatures to the power spectrum.
Tensile behavior of humid aged advanced composites for helicopter external fuel tank development
Authors: Condruz Mihaela , Paraschiv Alexandru , Puşcaşu Cristian , Sebastian Vintilă Ionuţ
Published: January 2018

Influence of humid aging on tensile properties of two polymeric composites was studied. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the suitability of the materials for a naval helicopter external fuel tank. Due to the application, the humid environment was kerosene and saline solution to evaluate the sea water effect on the composite tensile strength. The composite samples were immersed in kerosene for 168 hours, respective 1752 hours and in saline solution for 168 hours. Tensile tests were performed after the immersion. The composite sample tensile tests showed that kerosene and saline solution had no influence on the elastic modulus of the materials, but it was observed a slight improvement of the tensile strength of the two polymeric composites.
On the modified Reynolds equation for journal bearings in a case of non-Newtonian Rabinowitsch fluid model
Authors: Javorova Juliana , Angelova Jordanka
Published: January 2018

In this paper, a theoretical analysis of hydrodynamic plain journal bearings with finite length at taking into account the effect of non-Newtonian lubricants is presented. Based upon the Rabinowitsch fluid model (cubic stress constitutive equation) and by integrating the continuity equation across the film, the nonlinear modified 2D Reynolds type equation is derived in details so that to study the dilatant and pseudoplastic nature of the lubricant in comparison with Newtonian fluid. A dimensionless equation of hydrodynamic pressure distribution in a form appropriate for numerical modeling is also presented. Some particular cases of 1D applications can be recovered from the present derivation.
Technical project for a new water purification solution
Authors: Toma Adina , Ivanka Zheleva , Puşcaşu Cristian , Paraschiv Alexandru , Grigorescu Mihaela
Published: January 2018

This research is part of the RO-BG Cross-Border Cooperation Program, project “CLEANDANUBE”, MIS-ETC 653, which has finalised by providing a common strategy to prevent the Danube’s pollution technological risks with oil and oil products. This paper presents a new sustainable water purification solution. A short introduction will be offered and an overview regarding the research and new methods to greening the waste is provided. The theoretical aspects of the centrifugal separation phenomenon are studied and the preliminary project bases were established. The paper conveys the possible constructive variations and the technological implications of those. Ultimately, the technical project for a new water purification solution and conclusions with critical points encountered during the designing phase are presented.
Biomechanics of the immediate impact of wearing a rigid thoracolumbar corset on gait kinematics and spatiotemporal parameters
Authors: Taiar Redha , Mitton Alexandra , Cambier Julien , Guenaoui Islem , Michel Sophie , Abdi Ellie , Polidori Guillaume
Published: January 2018

The corset support is a device classified as orthosis. It compensates a functional deficiency with means of protection, recovery, correction, maintenance, and support or contention. There are two types of orthosis 1) rest orthosis and 2) corrective orthosis. Rest orthosis maintains joints in a defined position to avoid deformities or to relieve a pain at joints. Corrective orthosis adjusts joint deformity either passively or actively. Corset is used in various pathological use, thoracic-lumbar fracture, scoliosis, Scheuermann’s disease or spinal dystrophy. The purpose of this study was 1) to determine the immediate impact of wearing a semi-rigid thoracolumbar corset, the Lombax® Dorso on gait kinematics and 2) spatiotemporal parameters in 6 adults. These parameters were recorded using the optoelectronic system Vicon® on treadmill gait subjects with and without corset for the comparison. The results showed that wearing a corset significantly decrease the rotation amplitudes of the scapular and pelvic girdles (p<0.05) in the frontal plane. The movement of the pelvis and hip in this same plane was decreased also when comparing with and without a corset effects (p<0.05). The corset significantly increased the range of flexion-extension of the hip during the gait cycle. At the conclusion of this study the discriminate parameters of wearing a corset was quantified. The results and in association with manufacturer will help to improve materials for better optimization support. Comparable perspectives and after improvement of materials will aim to experiment with patients on real daily life situation.
Application of magnetoelastic effects to the evaluation of elastic and plastic strains in steel structural members
Authors: Gorkunov Eduard
Published: January 2018

The paper deals with different methods for evaluating macroscopic and microscopic stresses in ferromagnetic materials by magnetic characteristics. It demonstrates the possibility of reconstructing strain curves according to measured magnetic characteristics of steel products.
Main aspects of sunflower production in Brazil
Authors: Castro Cesar , Leite Regina Maria Villas Bôas Campos
Published: January 2018

Sunflower is one of the most important oilseed crops in the world, since its grains have high oil content (38% to 50%), primarily used for the production of high quality oil. The production of sunflower increases the supply of protein meal for animal feeding, which enables the increase of protein production, more specifically meat, eggs and milk. Grain production systems in Brazil have peculiarities, since two to three different crops are grown in a special arrangement, in the same area and year. Notwithstanding the small cultivated area in Brazil of 62.3 thousand hectares, sunflower is used in succession or rotation with other grain crops such as soybean or maize, showing an enormous potential for expansion and can be cultivated from latitudes 33°S to 5°N, especially in the Brazilian Cerrado biome. Sunflower cultivation in succession to soybean as a second summer crop can also reduce environmental impacts because of the more efficient usage of production factors, such as land and sharing of agricultural inputs, machinery, infrastructure and workforce. The success of establishing the sunflower is associated with the adequate management of soil fertility, use of cultivars adapted to different environments, plant arrangement, seed quality and adequate phytosanitary management, among other factors. It also needs strategic actions, planning and, long-term research and technology diffusion.