bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Double Columnar Structure with a Nanogradient Composite for Increased Oxygen Diffusivity and Reduction Activity
Authors: Ju Young‐Wan , Hyodo Junji , Inoishi Atsushi , Ida Shintaro , Tohei Tetsuya , So Yeong‐Gi , Ikuhara Yuichi , Ishihara Tatsumi
Published: July 2014

The cathodic performances that can be achieved in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), particularly in terms of oxygen diffusion, need to be improved so that high power densities can be produced at intermediate temperatures. Here, to improve the cathodic performance, a double columnar functional interlayer (DCFL) consisting of Sm0.2Ce0.8O2−δ (SDC) and Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3−δ (SSC) is fabricated between a La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3−δ electrolyte film and a SSC cathode film with pulsed laser deposition. The DCFL has a rough surface morphology consisting of nanosized grains (with diameters less than 5 nm), and it is formed of small columns that grow at an angle of ca. 45° from the substrate. Inserting the DCFL causes the electrical conductivity of the cathode to increase significantly, and the power density obtained by using it in a metal‐supported SOFC is increased. Atomic resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images and density functional theory calculations confirm that the samarium atoms in the SDC columns and cobalt atoms in the SSC columns are located at the interfaces between SDC and SSC columns. Therefore, it is possible a SmCoO3−δ nanogradient is formed, which may cause lattice distortions. The 18O2 concentration is actually much higher in the DCFL than in either of SSC or SDC films.
Application of the Bang and Ramm age at death estimation method to two known‐age archaeological assemblages
Authors: Tang Nancy , Antoine Daniel , Hillson Simon
Published: July 2014

The Bang and Ramm method uses root dentine translucency (RDT) length in sectioned or unsectioned teeth as a sole indicator of chronological age at death in adult human remains. The formulae have been tested on modern remains of known age and on modern and archaeological remains of unknown age. This is the first published study of the method on known‐age archaeological specimens and tests whether RDT is a good indicator of chronological age in buried human remains. We applied the Bang and Ramm equations to two 18th and 19th century assemblages excavated from the crypt of Christ Church, Spitalfields, and the cemetery of All Hallows by the Tower. Translucency was defined by shining a light through the external unsectioned root surface and was measured from digital images of 583 and 83 nonmolar roots from 126 Spitalfields and 12 All Hallows individuals, respectively, aged 21–81 years. Average absolute difference between real age and estimated age was 10.7 years and 8.4 years for Spitalfields and All Hallows individuals, respectively, with 58% and 75% estimated within 10 years of known age, and 29% and 33% estimated within five years of known age. These estimations are comparable to results from other ageing methods applied to the Spitalfields collection. Ages from both populations were estimated largely to the middle ranges, with younger individuals overestimated and older individuals underestimated. This is a common occurrence when using inverse calibration, where age is treated as the dependent variable and the ageing feature as the independent variable. Am J Phys Anthropol 155:332–351, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Targeted treatment of migrating partial seizures of infancy with quinidine
Authors: Bearden David , Strong Alanna , Ehnot Jessica , DiGiovine Marissa , Dlugos Dennis , Goldberg Ethan M.
Published: July 2014

Migrating partial seizures of infancy is an early onset epileptic encephalopathy syndrome that is typically resistant to treatment. The most common cause is a gain of function mutation in the potassium channel KCNT1. The antiarrhythmic drug quinidine is a partial antagonist of KCNT1 and hence may be a candidate drug for treatment of this condition. We report the case of a child with migrating partial seizures of infancy secondary to an activating mutation in KCNT1 treated with quinidine. Treatment with quinidine was correlated with a marked reduction in seizure frequency and improved psychomotor development. Ann Neurol 2014;76:457–461
Low‐ and high‐frequency oscillations reveal distinct absence seizure networks
Authors: Tenney Jeffrey R. , Fujiwara Hisako , Horn Paul S. , Vannest Jennifer , Xiang Jing , Glauser Tracy A. , Rose Douglas F.
Published: July 2014

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency‐dependent, spatiotemporal involvement of corticothalamic networks to the generation of absence seizures.

Methods

Magnetoencephalography recordings were obtained in 12 subjects (44 seizures) with untreated childhood absence seizures. Time‐frequency analysis of each seizure was performed to determine bandwidths with significant power at ictal onset. Source localization was then completed to determine brain regions contributing to generalized spike and wave discharges seen on electroencephalogram.

Results

Significant power in the time‐frequency analysis was seen within 1 to 20Hz, 20 to 70Hz, and 70 to 150Hz bandwidths. Source localization revealed that sources localized to the frontal cortex similarly for the low‐ and gamma‐frequency bandwidths, whereas at the low‐frequency bandwidth (3–20Hz) significantly more sources localized to the parietal cortex (odds ratio [OR] = 16.7). Cortical sources within the high‐frequency oscillation (HFO) bandwidth (70–150Hz) localized primarily to the frontal region compared to the parietal (OR = 7.32) or temporal (OR = 2.78) areas.

Interpretation

Neuromagnetic activity within frontal and parietal cortical regions provides further confirmation of hemodynamic changes reported using functional magnetic resonance imaging that have been associated with absence seizures. The frequency‐dependent nature of these networks has not previously been reported, and the presence of HFOs during absence seizures is a novel finding. Co‐occurring frontal and parietal corticothalamic networks may interact to produce a pathological state that contributes to the generation of spike and wave discharges. The clinical and pathophysiological implications of HFOs within the frontal cortical region are unclear and should be further investigated. Ann Neurol 2014;76:558–567
Highly Electron‐Deficient and Air‐Stable Conjugated Thienylboranes
Authors: Yin Xiaodong , Chen Jiawei , Lalancette Roger A. , Marder Todd B. , Jäkle Frieder
Published: July 2014

Introduced herein is a series of conjugated thienylboranes, which are inert to air and moisture, and even resist acids and strong bases. X‐ray analyses reveal a coplanar arrangement of the thiophene rings, an arrangement which facilitates p–π conjugation through the boron atoms despite the presence of highly bulky 2,4,6‐tri‐tert‐butylphenyl (Mes*) or 2,4,6‐tris(trifluoromethyl)phenyl (FMes) groups. Short B⋅⋅⋅F contacts, which lead to a pseudotrigonal bipyramidal geometry in the FMes species, have been further studied by DFT and AIM analysis. In contrast to the Mes* groups, the highly electron‐withdrawing FMes groups do not diminish the Lewis acidity of boron toward F− anions. These compounds can be lithiated or iodinated under electrophilic conditions without decomposition, thus offering a promising route to larger conjugated structures with electron‐acceptor character.
Selective Capture of Carbon Dioxide under Humid Conditions by Hydrophobic Chabazite‐Type Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks
Authors: Nguyen Nhung T. T. , Furukawa Hiroyasu , Gándara Felipe , Nguyen Hoang T. , Cordova Kyle E. , Yaghi Omar M.
Published: July 2014

Hydrophobic zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) with the chabazite (CHA) topology are synthesized by incorporating two distinct imidazolate links. Zn(2‐mIm)0.86(bbIm)1.14 (ZIF‐300), Zn(2‐mIm)0.94(cbIm)1.06 (ZIF‐301), and Zn(2‐mIm)0.67(mbIm)1.33 (ZIF‐302), where 2‐mIm=2‐methylimidazolate, bbIm=5(6)‐bromobenzimidazolate, cbIm=5(6)‐chlorobenzimidazolate, and mbIm=5(6)‐methylbenzimidazolate, were prepared by reacting zinc nitrate tetrahydrate and 2‐mIm with the respective bIm link in a mixture of N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) and water. Their structures were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and their permanent porosity shown. All of these structures are hydrophobic as confirmed by water adsorption isotherms. All three ZIFs are equally effective at the dynamic separation of CO2 from N2 under both dry and humid conditions without any loss of performance over three cycles and can be regenerated simply by using a N2 flow at ambient temperature.
Bonding Nature of Local Structural Motifs in Amorphous GeTe
Authors: Deringer Volker L. , Zhang Wei , Lumeij Marck , Maintz Stefan , Wuttig Matthias , Mazzarello Riccardo , Dronskowski Richard
Published: July 2014

Despite its simple chemical constitution and unparalleled technological importance, the phase‐change material germanium telluride (GeTe) still poses fundamental questions. In particular, the bonding mechanisms in amorphous GeTe have remained elusive to date, owing to the lack of suitable bond‐analysis tools. Herein, we introduce a bonding indicator for amorphous structures, dubbed “bond‐weighted distribution function” (BWDF), and we apply this method to amorphous GeTe. The results underline a peculiar role of homopolar GeGe bonds, which locally stabilize tetrahedral fragments but not the global network. This atom‐resolved (i.e., chemical) perspective has implications for the stability of amorphous “zero bits” and thus for the technologically relevant resistance‐drift phenomenon.
Synthesis of Bridged Oxafenestranes from Pleuromutilin
Authors: Hicklin Robert W. , López Silva Tania L. , Hergenrother Paul J.
Published: July 2014

Fenestranes are an intriguing class of highly strained molecules possessing a quaternary carbon with bonds that deviate from the canonical tetrahedral geometry. Herein we report the discovery that the natural product pleuromutilin can be used as a structurally complex starting material for the synthesis of a series of bridged cis,cis,cis,cis‐[4.5.5.5]‐ and cis,cis,cis,cis‐[4.5.7.5]oxafenestranes through a carbocation rearrangement cascade. X‐ray crystallographic analysis of several cis,cis,cis,cis‐[4.5.5.5]oxafenestranes shows a significant planarization of the central tetracoordinate carbon atom and demonstrates the influence of bridgehead substituents and bridging rings on planarity.
Novel Ametantrone–Amsacrine Related Hybrids as Topoisomerase IIβ Poisons and Cytotoxic Agents
Authors: Zagotto Giuseppe , Gianoncelli Alessandra , Sissi Claudia , Marzano Cristina , Gandin Valentina , Pasquale Riccardo , Capranico Giovanni , Ribaudo Giovanni , Palumbo Manlio
Published: July 2014

The precise definition of the structural requirements for effective topoisomerase II poisoning by drug molecules is still an elusive issue. In the attempt to better define a pharmacophoric pattern, we prepared several conjugates combining the chemical features of two well‐known topoisomerase II poisons, amsacrine and ametantrone. Indeed, an appropriate fusion geometry, which entails the anthracenedione moiety of ametantrone appropriately connected to the methanesulfonamidoaniline side chain of amsacrine, elicits DNA‐intercalating properties, the capacity to inhibit the human topoisomerase IIβ isoform, and cytotoxic activity resembling that of the parent compounds. In addition, the properties of the lateral groups linked to the anthracenedione group play an important role in modulating DNA binding and cell cytotoxicity. Among the compounds tested, 10, 11, and 19 appear to be promising for further development.
Sensitisation of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells to radiotherapy by Nimotuzumab is associated with enhanced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase
Authors: Lin Shan , Yan Ying , Liu Yuan , Gao Chun‐Zi , Shan Dan , Li Ying , Han Bo
Published: July 2014

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays an important role in tumorigenesis and maintenance of cancers, making it a possible therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Nimotuzumab (h‐R3), a humanised monoclonal antibody against EGFR, sensitises human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells to radiotherapy. We have investigated the underlying molecular mechanism by treating A549 cells with Nimotuzumab (100 μg/mL) alone or in combination with a single dose of 2 Gy irradiation, and analysing apoptosis and cell cycle distribution by flow cytometry. Nimotuzumab significantly enhanced radiation‐induced apoptosis of A549 cells as evidenced by increased cell apoptosis (7.15 ± 0.30%) compared with the control group (1.08 ± 0.25%), Nimotuzumab alone group (4.89 ± 0.30%) and irradiation alone group (5.90 ± 0.15%). Combining Nimotuzumab with irradiation significantly arrested cells in the G2/M phase (43. ± 0.36%) compared radiotherapy alone (18.7 ± 0.35%) and single Nimotuzumab treatment (27.2 ± 0.17%). A combination of Nimotuzumab with radiation increased apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells, suggesting potential development of combinatorial therapy of Nimotuzumab with radiotherapy for lung cancer.
Oxidizing Electrode Potentials Decrease Current Production and Coulombic Efficiency through Cytochrome c Inactivation in Shewanella oneidensis MR‐1
Authors: TerAvest Michaela A. , Angenent Largus T.
Published: July 2014

Previous transcriptomic profiling of Shewanella oneidensis MR‐1 had suggested that electron transfer to an anode in a bioelectrochemical system may induce a general stress response (similar to a heat‐shock response) and/or an increase in protein turnover rates. Analysis of this microbe grown with a wide variety of electron acceptors also indicated that protein turnover may be related to the redox potential of the terminal electron acceptor. To investigate whether electrodes can induce stress and increase protein turnover, S. oneidensis was grown at potentiostatically poised electrodes at five redox potentials versus the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) between −3 and +797 mVSHE. Subsequently, current production, coulombic efficiency, and transcription levels of marker genes for general stress and protein turnover were measured. Maximal current production was found at +397 mVSHE, and maximal coulombic efficiency was observed at +197 mVSHE. Both values decreased at more positive (oxidizing) potentials, that is, extracellular electron transfer of S. oneidensis is optimal at moderate electrode potentials. In contrast to previous findings, transcript measurements of a stress‐marker gene indicate that extracellular electron transfer does not increase general stress in comparison with aerobic respiration. Although overall protein turnover is not related to electrode potential, increased expression of a protease suggests that protein degradation increases at oxidizing electrode potentials. Cyclic voltammetry revealed decreased activity of c‐type cytochromes at the higher potentials, which indicates that oxidizing electrodes directly damage electron‐transfer proteins at the electrode surface.
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of β‐Ketoiminate‐Stabilized Gallium Hydrides for Chemical Vapor Deposition Applications
Authors: Marchand Peter , Pugh David , Parkin Ivan P. , Carmalt Claire J.
Published: July 2014

Bis‐β‐ketoimine ligands of the form [(CH2)n{N(H)C(Me)CHC(Me)O}2] (LnH2, n=2, 3 and 4) were employed in the formation of a range of gallium complexes [Ga(Ln)X] (X=Cl, Me, H), which were characterised by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The β‐ketoimine ligands have also been used for the stabilisation of rare gallium hydride species [Ga(Ln)H] (n=2 (7); n=3 (8)), which have been structurally characterised for the first time, confirming the formation of five‐coordinate, monomeric species. The stability of these hydrides has been probed through thermal analysis, revealing stability at temperatures in excess of 200 °C. The efficacy of all the gallium β‐ketoiminate complexes as molecular precursors for the deposition of gallium oxide thin films by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) has been investigated through thermogravimetric analysis and deposition studies, with the best results being found for a bimetallic gallium methyl complex [L3{GaMe2}2] (5) and the hydride [Ga(L3)H] (8). The resulting films (F5 and F8, respectively) were amorphous as‐deposited and thus were characterised primarily by XPS, EDXA and SEM techniques, which showed the formation of stoichiometric (F5) and oxygen‐deficient (F8) Ga2O3 thin films.
ChemInform Abstract: Layered Compounds BaM2Ge4Ch6 (M: Rh, Ir and Ch: S, Se) with Pyrite‐Type Building Blocks and Ge—Ch Heteromolecule‐Like Anions.
Authors: Lei Hechang , Yamaura Jun‐ichi , Guo Jiangang , Qi Yanpeng , Toda Yoshitake , Hosono Hideo
Published: July 2014

The title compounds are prepared from mixtures of Rh or Ir, BaS or BaSe, Ge, and S or Se (h‐BN capsule, 5 GPa, 1473 K, 2 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Luminescence and Energy Transfer in Single‐Phased Emission‐Tunable Tri‐Color Emitting Phosphors of SrB6O10:Eu, Mn.
Authors: Zhou Xianju , Yang Xiaodong , Wang Yongjie , Zhao Xiaoqi , Li Li , Li Qingxu
Published: July 2014

SrB6O10:xEu (x = 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10) and SrB6O10:xEu,yMn (y = 0.02, 0.04, 0.06) phosphors are synthesized by solid state reactions of SrCO3, Eu2O3, MnO, and an excess of H3BO3 (alumina crucibles, 400 °C for 3 h and 800 °C for 5 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Octahedral‐Shaped Perovskite Nanocrystals and Their Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Activity.
Authors: Yin Simin , Tian He , Ren Zhaohui , Wei Xiao , Chao Chunying , Pei Jingyuan , Li Xiang , Xu Gang , Shen Ge , Han Gaorong
Published: July 2014

Octahedral perovskite PbTiO3 nanocrystals with well‐defined {111} facets enclosed are prepared via hydrothermal treatment of an alkaline TiO2 solution and Pb(NO3)2 in a 1:1.25 molar ratio using LiNO3 as an ionic surfactant (autoclave, 200 °C, 12 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Photoreduction of CO2 to Methanol with Hexanuclear Molybdenum [Mo6Br14]2‐ Cluster Units under Visible Light Irradiation.
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Kumar Subodh , Cordier Stephane , Paofai Serge , Boukherroub Rabah , Jain Suman L.
Published: July 2014

Photoreduction of CO2 to MeOH is carried out using 20 W white cold LED flood light in DMF/H2O or MeCN/H2O solutions containing NEt3 as a reductive quencher and the [Mo6Br8iBr6a] 2‐ (i: inner; a: apical) cluster as photocatalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Physical Properties of RT2Cd20 (R = Rare Earth, T: Ni, Pd) Compounds with the CeCr2Al20‐Type Structure.
Authors: Burnett V. W. , Yazici D. , White B. D. , Dilley N. R. , Friedman A. J. , Brandom B. , Maple M. B.
Published: July 2014

Single crystals of the new compounds LnNi2Cd20 (Ln: Y, La—Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb) and LnPd2Cd20 (Ln: Ce, Pr, Sm) are prepared from mixtures of the elements (alumina crucibles, 800—900 °C, 36—96 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Light‐Induced Synthesis of an Octacyanometalate‐Based Three‐Dimensional Bimetallic Complex [Mn3Mo2]∞.
Authors: Guo Yi , Tang Xiu‐Fen , Song You , Ren Xiao‐Ming
Published: July 2014

The novel bimetallic complex (NH4)2[MnII(MeOH)4] [MnII(dmf)]2 [MoIV(CN)8]2 is synthesized by diffusion between a MeOH solution of Mn(ClO4)2 and a light irradiated MeOH solution of (Bu3NH)3[MoV(CN)8] with NH4SCN in a U‐shaped tube.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel High Pressure Hexagonal OsB2 by Mechanochemistry.
Authors: Xie Zhilin , Graule Moritz , Orlovskaya Nina , Payzant E. Andrew , Cullen David A. , Blair Richard G.
Published: July 2014

Hexagonal OsB2 is synthesized from osmium and boron powders in the molar ratio of 1:3 by high energy ball milling for 20 h followed by annealing for 6 d at 1050 °C and sintering at 1500 °C, 50 MPa for 5 min.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogeniridate(VI) Anion and the Geometries of Tetrahedral Oxoanions.
Authors: Weller Mark T. , Galati Rosa
Published: July 2014

Small black crystals of KHIrO4 are prepared by reaction of IrO2, KO2, and a small amount of water in a silica tube in which a gold tube containing Ag2O is placed (723 K, 16 h).
ChemInform Abstract: General Synthetic Approach Towards Anellated 3a,6‐Epoxyisoindoles by Tandem Acylation/IMDAF Reaction of Furylazaheterocycles. Scope and Limitations.
Authors: Zubkov Fedor I. , Nikitina Eugenia V. , Galeev Timur R. , Zaytsev Vladimir P. , Khrustalev Victor N. , Novikov Roman A. , Orlova Daria N. , Varlamov Alexey V.
Published: July 2014

The method is based on the condensation of preformed or in situ generated α‐furyl substituted azaheterocycles with acryloyl chloride or maleic anhydride via N‐acylation and intramolecular Diels—Alder reaction of the furan moiety.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of m‐Terphenyl Derivatives via Domino Diels—Alder/Retro‐Diels—Alder Reaction of 1,3‐Dienic δ‐Sultones with Alkynes.
Authors: Gaitzsch Jens , Rogachev Victor , Zahel Martin , Metz Peter
Published: July 2014

Three different conditions for the title reaction are compared: thermal, microwave, and high‐pressure activation, with the latter being the cleanest variant to perform this reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Silica‐Supported Terpyridine Palladium(II) Complex as an Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for Heck and Suzuki Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Amini Mostafa M. , Feiz Afsaneh , Dabiri Minoo , Bazgir Ayoob
Published: July 2014

The title catalyst shows good thermal stability (up to 230°C) and can be recycled and reused for four reaction cycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Paradigm Shift from Alkaline (Earth) Metals to Early Transition Metals in Fluoroorganometal Chemistry: Perfluoroalkyl Titanocene(III) Reagents Prepared via Not Titanocene(II) but Titanocene(III) Species.
Authors: Fujiu Motohiro , Hashimoto Ryota , Nakamura Yuzo , Aikawa Kohsuke , Ito Shigekazu , Mikami Koichi
Published: July 2014

Directly prepared perfluoroalkyl titanocenes exhibit a wide variety of reactivity with carbonyl compounds including esters and nitriles.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Synthesis of 1,3,5,7‐Tetraol Structural Units Using a Prins Cyclization—Reductive Cleavage Sequence.
Authors: Brun Elodie , Bellosta Veronique , Cossy Janine
Published: July 2014

The new method presented here provides access to all the possible diastereomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Dehydrogenative Meyer—Schuster‐Like Rearrangement: A Gold‐Catalyzed Reaction Generating an Alkyne.
Authors: Yu Yang , Yang Weibo , Pflaesterer Daniel , Hashmi A. Stephen K.
Published: July 2014

The first example of a homogeneous gold‐catalyzed rearrangement of propargylic esters followed by hypervalent iodine promoted oxidation is described to allow a new approach to ynones, generally in good to moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Regio‐ and Stereoselective Aminopentadienylation of Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Bosque Irene , Bagdatli Emine , Foubelo Francisco , Gonzalez‐Gomez Jose C.
Published: July 2014

The title reaction proceeds with excellent γ‐regio‐ and diastereoselectivity for a wide range of carbonyl compounds, α‐unsubstituted aldehydes [(I) and (V)] and methyl alkyl ketones (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Catalytic Activities of Porphyrin‐Based PCP Pincer Complexes.
Authors: Fujimoto Keisuke , Yoneda Tomoki , Yorimitsu Hideki , Osuka Atsuhiro
Published: July 2014

Peripherically metalated porphyrin phosphine pincer complexes are developed and their catalytic activity is demonstrated for the allylation of benzaldehyde with allylstannane.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Mediated Direct Aryloxylation of Benzamides Assisted by an N,O‐Bidentate Directing Group.
Authors: Hao Xin‐Qi , Chen Li‐Juan , Ren Baozeng , Li Liu‐Yan , Yang Xin‐Yan , Gong Jun‐Fang , Niu Jun‐Long , Song Mao‐Ping
Published: July 2014

The formation of the monoaryloxylation products is mostly accompanied by the formation of significant amounts of separable, but non‐isolated, biaryloxylation products, whereas biaryloxylation proceeds in most cases regioselectively without formation of a monoaryloxylation side product.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrogenerated‐Bases Promoted Electrochemical Synthesis of N‐Bromoamino Acids from Imines and Carbon Dioxide.
Authors: Li Chuan‐Hua , Song Xiang‐Zhi , Tao Li‐Ming , Li Qiang‐Guo , Xie Jin‐Qi , Peng Meng‐Na , Pan Lan , Jiang Chao , Peng Zhi‐Yu , Xu Man‐Fen
Published: July 2014

Electrocarboxylation of benzylideneaniline derivatives is achieved with CO2.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild and Selective Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydration of Nitriles to Amides by Flowing Through Manganese Dioxide.
Authors: Battilocchio Claudio , Hawkins Joel M. , Ley Steven V.
Published: July 2014

The reaction tolerates a wide range of aromatic, heteroaromatic, aliphatic nitriles and dinitriles.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron(II)‐Catalyzed Direct Cyanation of Arenes with Aryl(cyano)iodonium Triflates.
Authors: Shu Zhibin , Ji Wenzhi , Wang Xi , Zhou Yujing , Zhang Yan , Wang Jianbo
Published: July 2014

This direct cyanation method is applicable to a wide range of (hetero)arenes including polycyclic compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Calcium and Magnesium Chlorides‐Catalyzed Oxidative Esterification of Aromatic Aldehydes.
Authors: Feng Jian‐Bo , Gong Jin‐Long , Li Qin , Wu Xiao‐Feng
Published: July 2014

Only methyl benzoates can be prepared by the described methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity of New Aminomethyldiphosphine—Pd(II) Complexes for Suzuki Cross‐Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Keles Mustafa , Yilmaz Mustafa Kemal
Published: July 2014

Efficient catalysts in Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction of activated and deactivated aryl boronic acids are presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Concise Synthesis of 1‐Naphthols under Mild Conditions Through a Copper‐Catalyzed Arylation of Methyl Ketones.
Authors: Lou Zhenbang , Zhang Shu , Chen Chao , Pang Xinlong , Li Ming , Wen Lirong
Published: July 2014

Copper‐catalyzed cyclization reaction of ortho‐iodoacetophenones and methyl ketones tolerates various functional groups in both reaction partners allowing the synthesis of a wide range of substituted 1‐naphthols.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Coupling of 1‐Naphthols over Noble and Base Metal Catalysts.
Authors: Maphoru Mabuatsela V. , Heveling Josef , Pillai Sreejarani K.
Published: July 2014

The oxidative coupling of a range of differently substituted 1‐naphthols is investigated in the presence of 30% aqueous H2O2 and 5%Pt/5%Bi on carbon as the catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Aryl‐Free Radical‐Mediated Oxidative Arylation of Naphthoquinones Using o‐Iodoxybenzoic Acid and Phenylhydrazines and Its Application Toward the Synthesis of Benzocarbazoledione.
Authors: Patil Pravin , Nimonkar Abhay , Akamanchi Krishnacharya G.
Published: July 2014

This method tolerates various functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: A Four‐Component Synthesis of Novel Spiro[pyrazoloquinoline‐oxindoles] under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Hosseinjani‐Pirdehi Hamide , Rad‐Moghadam Kurosh , Youseftabar‐Miri Leila
Published: July 2014

The four‐component reaction is limited to naphthylamines.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium Porphyrin Catalyzed Three‐Component Reaction of Diazo Compounds, Nitrosoarenes, and Alkynes: An Efficient Approach to Multifunctionalized Aziridines.
Authors: Reddy Annapureddy Rajasekar , Zhou Cong‐Ying , Che Chi‐Ming
Published: July 2014

The reaction of ethyl diazoacetate (I) with nitrosobenzene (II) and terminal alkynes bearing a wide range of functional groups affords the products with moderate cis‐selectivity [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: The Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of Tetraalkyl Substituted Furans from Symmetrical Acetylenes, EtAlCl2, and Carboxylic Esters Catalyzed by Cp2TiCl2.
Authors: Shaibakova Mariya G. , Khafizova Leila O. , Chobanov Nuri M. , Gubaidullin Rinat R. , Popod'ko Natal'ya R. , Dzhemilev Usein M.
Published: July 2014

It is found that the solvent THF plays a significant role in the title synthesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydroxyl Group‐Assisted Palladium‐Catalyzed Lactonization of Homoallylic Alcohols.
Authors: Huang Liangbin , Wang Qian , Wu Wanqing , Jiang Huanfeng
Published: July 2014

A mild and efficient Pd(II)‐catalyzed lactonization of homoallylic alcohols with alkynamides to construct potentially bioactive α‐methylene‐γ‐lactone skeletons is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient One‐Pot Access to Substituted Dihydropyrrol‐2‐one Derivatives Using Sucrose as Natural, Biodegradable and Inexpensive Catalyst.
Authors: Hazeri Nourallah , Sajadikhah Seyed Sajad , Maghsoodlou Malek Taher , Mohamadian‐Souri Sajad , Norouzi Mahmoud , Moein Maryam
Published: July 2014

Application of diethyl instead of dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate furnishes the corresponding products in comparable yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Regioselective Direct C‐2 Alkenylation of Indoles Assisted by the Removable N‐(2‐Pyrimidyl) Group.
Authors: Gong Binwei , Shi Jingjing , Wang Xiaowei , Yan Yunnan , Li Qiu , Meng Yanqiu , Xu H. Eric , Yi Wei
Published: July 2014

A highly efficient oxidative C‐2 alkenylation of differently substituted indoles with butyl acrylate is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Aldol Reaction of 3‐Acetyl‐2H‐chromen‐2‐ones and Isatins Catalyzed by a Bifunctional Quinidine Urea Catalyst.
Authors: Abbaraju Santhi , Zhao John Cong‐Gui
Published: July 2014

The title reaction provides an easy access to 3‐hydroxy‐2‐oxindoles with 2H‐chromen‐2‐one in the side chain.
ChemInform Abstract: A One‐Pot Approach to 4,5‐Dihydropyrazoles from Ketones, Arylacetylenes, and Hydrazines.
Authors: Wang Ying‐Chun , Wang Heng‐Shan , Huang Guo‐Bao , Huang Fu‐Ping , Hu Kun , Pan Ying‐Ming
Published: July 2014

A general strategy for the three‐component condensation of ketones, hydrazines, and terminal arylalkynes, to give polysubstituted 4,5‐dihydropyrazoles, generally in good yields, is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Domino Aza‐Michael Addition/[3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions as a Versatile Approach to α,β,γ‐Triamino Acid Derivatives.
Authors: Kapras Vojtech , Pohl Radek , Cisarova Ivana , Jahn Ullrich
Published: July 2014

Nonaflyl azide serves as an effective diazo transfer reagent forming a link between the conjugate addition and cycloaddition steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzimidazoles by Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Domino Reaction of 1,2‐Diaminoarenes and Arylmethyl Halides.
Authors: Qiu Dezhi , Wei Haidong , Zhou Lihong , Zeng Qingle
Published: July 2014

The title compounds are synthesized by a simple, practical, and cost‐saving method tolerating wide range of functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel One‐Pot Synthesis of Oxazolidinones Through Direct Introduction of CO2 into Allylamine Derivatives.
Authors: Soldi Laura , Massera Chiara , Costa Mirco , Della Ca' Nicola
Published: July 2014

The novel method allows the carbonylative cyclization of allylamines in the absence of any metal or base catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of 3,5‐Diaryl‐1,2,4‐triazoles via Copper‐Catalyzed Domino Nucleophilic Substitution/Oxidative Cyclization Using Amidines or Imidates as Substrates.
Authors: Sudleendran Kavitha , Schmidt Dietmar , Frey Wolfgang , Conrad Juergen , Beifuss Uwe
Published: July 2014

Oxidative Cu‐catalyzed dimerization of arylamidines (I) offers a convenient synthesis of 3,5‐diaryl‐1,2,4‐triazoles (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Direct (Het)Arylation of Fluorinated Benzothiadiazoles and Benzotriazole with (Het)Aryl Iodides.
Authors: He Chun‐Yang , Wu Cai‐Zhi , Qing Feng‐Ling , Zhang Xingang
Published: July 2014

A simple and efficient method to prepare a wide range of symmetrical and unsymmetrical fluorinated benzothiadiazole—arene molecules as well as benzotriazole analogues is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Divergent Syntheses of Fused β‐Naphthol and Indene Scaffolds by Rhodium‐Catalyzed Direct and Decarbonylative Alkyne—Benzocyclobutenone Couplings.
Authors: Chen Peng‐hao , Xu Tao , Dong Guangbin
Published: July 2014

Rhodium catalyzed isomerization of benzocyclobutenones having an propargyloxy substituent offers an unique approach to fused β‐naphthol.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Synthesis of Piperidine Alkene—Alkaloids and Their Anticancer Evaluation.
Authors: Kankala Shravankumar , Kankala Ranjith Kumar , Balaboina Ramesh , Thirukovela Narasimha Swamy , Vadde Ravinder , Vasam Chandra Sekhar
Published: July 2014

Optimum reaction conditions are examined for the Heck reaction of (I) with various aromatic alkenes which is the key step to synthesize the 10 title compounds of type (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Approach to Allylated Quinolines via Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyclization—Allylation of 1‐Azido‐2‐(2‐propynyl)benzenes with Allyl Methyl Carbonate.
Authors: Luo Jiang , Huo Zhibao , Fu Jun , Jin Fangming , Yamamoto Yoshinori
Published: July 2014

Of tested allyl donors only allyl methyl carbonate (II) shows superior reactivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkyltriflate‐Triggered Annulation of Arylisothiocyanates and Alkynes Leading to Multiply Substituted Quinolines Through Domino Electrophilic Activation.
Authors: Zhao Peng , Yan Xiaoyu , Yin Hang , Xi Chanjuan
Published: July 2014

The structures of products (IVb) and (XIIIb) are confirmed by X‐ray analysis.
ChemInform Abstract: A Stable Microporous Mixed‐Metal Metal—Organic Framework with Highly Active Cu2+ Sites for Efficient Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Yang Xiu‐Li , Zou Chao , He Yabing , Zhao Min , Chen Banglin , Xiang Shengchang , O'Keeffe Michael , Wu Chuan‐De
Published: July 2014

The syntheses of the nanotubular Mn/Cu‐catalyst MOF as well as a Ni/Mn‐analogue containing nanopore cages are described.
ChemInform Abstract: TMP—Magnesium and TMP—Zinc Bases for the Regioselective Metalation of the Cinnoline Scaffold.
Authors: Klatt Thomas , Roman Daniela Sustac , Leon Thierry , Knochel Paul
Published: July 2014

Regioselective functionalizations of cinnoline at the 3 or 8 position are achieved using a frustrated Lewis pair (BF3·OEt2/Mg(Tmp)2·2LiCl) or in situ generated Zn(Tmp)2·2MgCl2·2LiCl, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: An Eco‐Friendly Water Mediated Synthesis of 1,2,3‐Triazolyl‐2‐aminopyrimidine Hybrids as Highly Potent Antibacterial Agents.
Authors: Nagarajan Sangaraiah , Shanmugavelan Poovan , Sathishkumar Murugan , Selvi Ramasamy , Ponnuswamy Alagusundaram , Harikrishnan Hariharan , Shanmugaiah Vellasamy
Published: July 2014

An elegant, environmentally‐friendly synthesis of a library of the title hybrid molecules (III) (12 examples) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of the Novel Thiazolo[3,2‐a]pyrimidine Derivatives.
Authors: Studzinska Renata , Wroblewski Marcin , Karczmarska‐Wodzka Aleksandra , Kolodziejska Renata
Published: July 2014

3‐Allyl‐2‐thiouracils (I) and (IV) are converted into thiazolopyrimidinones (III) and (VII) respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Reactions of 1‐(ortho‐Alkynylaryl)ureas: Highly Selective Heterocyclization and Synthesis of Mixed N,O‐Acetals.
Authors: Gimeno Ana , Cuenca Ana B. , Medio‐Simon Mercedes , Asensio Gregorio
Published: July 2014

Treatment of alkynylureas (I) with trifluoroethanol in the presence of a Au/Ag catalytic system provides N‐6‐exo‐dig heterocyclization products (III) and in some cases open chain acetals as side products.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of Hydroxamic Acid‐Containing Bicyclic β‐Lactams via Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Amidation of Alkenes.
Authors: Jobbins Maria O. , Miller Marvin J.
Published: July 2014

The Pd‐catalyzed ring closure of the unsaturated amides (III) allows stereoselective access to novel bicyclic β‐lactams.
ChemInform Abstract: 6‐Triazolyl‐Substituted Sulfocoumarins Are Potent, Selective Inhibitors of the Tumor‐Associated Carbonic Anhydrases IX and XII.
Authors: Grandane Aiga , Tanc Muhammet , Zalubovskis Raivis , Supuran Claudiu T.
Published: July 2014

A variety of 6‐substituted sulfocoumarins incorporating triazolyl moieties are synthesized by employing click chemistry.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (Z)‐1‐Thio‐ and (Z)‐2‐Thio‐1‐alkenyl Boronates via Copper‐Catalyzed Regiodivergent Hydroboration of Thioacetylenes: An Experimental and Theoretical Study.
Authors: Zhu Gangguo , Kong Wei , Feng Hui , Qian Zhaosheng
Published: July 2014

For the first time a highly selective α‐ and β‐borylation of thioacetylenes is developed by using bis(pinacolato)diboron (II) or pinacolborane (X).
ChemInform Abstract: Manganese(III)‐Mediated Selective Diphenylphosphinoyl Radical Reaction of 1,4‐Diaryl‐1‐butynes for the Synthesis of 2‐Phosphinoylated 3,4‐Dihydronaphathalenes.
Authors: Li Da‐Peng , Pan Xiang‐Qiang , An Li‐Tao , Zou Jian‐Ping , Zhang Wei
Published: July 2014

This reaction can be further extended for analogous substrates for the synthesis of indene, benzoannulene, and other heterocyclic skeletons.
ChemInform Abstract: Sodium Phosphaethynolate as a Building Block for Heterocycles.
Authors: Chen Xiaodan , Alidori Simone , Puschmann Florian Frank , Santiso‐Quinones Gustavo , Benko Zoltan , Li Zhongshu , Becker Gerd , Gruetzmacher Hans‐Friedrich , Gruetzmacher Hansjoerg
Published: July 2014

NaOCP is a useful building block to synthesize a variety of phosphorus‐containing five‐ and six‐membered heterocycles in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Selenazoles by in situ Cycloisomerization of Propargyl Selenoamides Using Oxygen—Selenium Exchange Reaction.
Authors: Pizzo Chiara , Mahler S. Graciela
Published: July 2014

The title heterocycles are synthesized from readily available starting materials including a wide range of aryl and alkyl substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Approach to the DEF Ring System of Terpendole E.
Authors: Teranishi Takaaki , Kuwahara Shigefumi
Published: July 2014

The preparation of racemic (I) is achieved in a ten step synthesis (36% overall yield) or, alternatively, in a twelve step synthesis (56% overall yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Nebularine and Vidarabine via Dehydrazination of (Hetero)aromatics Catalyzed by CuSO4 in Water.
Authors: Xia Ran , Xie Ming‐Sheng , Niu Hong‐Ying , Qu Gui‐Rong , Guo Hai‐Ming
Published: July 2014

Antiviral drugs nebularine (Ia) and vidarabine (IIa) are readily prepared by a dehydrazination of corresponding precursors (Ib) and (IIb).
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Eupodienone Lignans from Gymnotheca chinensis.
Authors: Xiao Shi‐Ji , Chen Fang , Ding Li‐Sheng , Zhou Yan
Published: July 2014

isolation, structure elucidation and cytotoxicity of two new eupodienone lignans, gymnothelignan T (I) and gymnothelignan U (II)
ChemInform Abstract: Fabrication of 3D Porous Mn Doped α‐Fe2O3 Nanostructures for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Wastewater.
Authors: Cui Hao‐Jie , Cai Jie‐Kui , Shi Jian‐Wen , Yuan Baoling , Ai Cui‐Ling , Fu Ming‐Lai
Published: July 2014

Porous Mn‐doped α‐Fe2O3 nanostructures are prepared by calcination (500 °C, 3 h) of carbon spheres containing FeII and MnII ions which are obtained by hydrothermal treatment of FeSO4 and MnSO4 (4:1) and glucose (H2O, autoclave, 160 °C, 4 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Kinetics of NiO Reduction by H2 and Ni Oxidation at Conditions Relevant to Chemical‐Looping Combustion and Reforming
Authors: Zhou Zhiquan , Han Lu , Bollas George M.
Published: July 2014

Review: 82 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Achievements with an Old Metal: Copper‐Promoted Synthesis of Four‐Membered Azacycles.
Authors: Alcaide Benito , Almendros Pedro , Luna Amparo
Published: July 2014

Review: [synthesis of strained four‐membered rings taking advantage of copper‐catalyzed and ‐mediated processes; 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: meta‐Chloroperbenzoic Acid (mCPBA): A Versatile Reagent in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Hussain Hidayat , Al‐Harrasi Ahmed , Green Ivan R. , Ahmed Ishtiaq , Abbas Ghulam , Rehman Najeeb Ur
Published: July 2014

Review: 573 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in the Synthesis of Dipyrromethanes. A Review
Authors: Pereira Nelson A. M. , Pinho e Melo Teresa M. V. D.
Published: July 2014

Review: 105 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Quinazolines: New Horizons in Anticonvulsant Therapy
Authors: Ugale Vinod G. , Bari Sanjay B.
Published: July 2014

Review: 72 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Functionalized Heteroaromatics Using an Intramolecular Wittig Reaction
Authors: Das Utpal , Tsai Yi‐Ling , Lin Wenwei
Published: July 2014

Review: [16 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: sp3 C—H Oxidation by Remote H‐Radical Shift with Oxygen‐ and Nitrogen‐Radicals: A Recent Update
Authors: Chiba Shunsuke , Chen Hui
Published: July 2014

Review: [37 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: X‐Ray Direct Observation of Reactions and Labile Species on the Basis of Crystal Design
Authors: Kawano Masaki
Published: July 2014

Review: [69 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Supramolecular Photochirogenesis
Authors: Yang Cheng , Inoue Yoshihisa
Published: July 2014

Review: recent advances in chiral photochemistry mediated by supramolecular hosts; 153 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3,4‐Thiadiazole. Synthesis, Reactions, and Applications in Medicinal, Agricultural, and Materials Chemistry
Authors: Hu Yang , Li Cui‐Yun , Wang Xiao‐Ming , Yang Yong‐Hua , Zhu Hai‐Liang
Published: July 2014

Review: 569 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Rearrangement of N‐Oxyenamines and Related Reactions
Authors: Tabolin Andrey A. , Ioffe Sema L.
Published: July 2014

Review: 505 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Alternative Methodologies for Halogenation of Organic Compounds
Authors: Kolvari Eskandar , Koukabi Nadiya , Khoramabadi‐zad Ahmad , Shiri Azam , Zolfigol Mohammad Ali
Published: July 2014

Review: 214 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in P,N‐Containing Ligands for Transition Metal Homogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Kostas Ioannis D.
Published: July 2014

Review: 325 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Progress in Adjustment of Ionic Liquids Acidity Based on the Alkylation
Authors: Zhang Wenlin , Du Wei , Wang Xiaowen , Meng Nan , Shao Yongjun , Li Chunli
Published: July 2014

Review: 38 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Function of Nanocatalyst in Chemistry of Organic Compounds Revolution: An Overview
Authors: Kanagarajan Hemalatha , Gunabalan Madhumitha , Kajbafvala Amir , Narayanan Anupama , Sompalle Rajesh , Roopan Selvaraj Mohana
Published: July 2014

Review: 120 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Evolution of Catalytic Stereoselective Olefin Metathesis: From Ancillary Transformation to Purveyor of Stereochemical Identity
Authors: Hoveyda Amir H.
Published: July 2014

Review: [121 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cross‐Electrophile Coupling: Principles of Reactivity and Selectivity
Authors: Everson Daniel A. , Weix Daniel J.
Published: July 2014

Review: [51 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalysis and Asymmetric Synthesis
Authors: Constantieux Thierry , Dunach Elisabet
Published: July 2014

Review: 2 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Alkynylation: Acetylene‐Transfer Instead of Functionalization
Authors: Brand Jonathan P. , Li Yifan , Waser Jerome
Published: July 2014

Review: 89 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Suzuki Coupling Reaction Using Hybrid Pd Nanoparticles
Authors: Kim Aram , Park Ji Chan , Kim Mijong , Heo Eunjung , Song Hyunjoon , Park Kang Hyun
Published: July 2014

Review: 113 refs.
Bactericidal Activity of Ag Nanoparticles Decorated TiO2 Microspheres and Effects of Water Composition and Extracellular Polymeric Substances
Authors: Li Yi , Ding Haixia , Mao Kai , Wang Dawei , Wang Qing , Zhang Wenlong
Published: July 2014

Hybrid Ag–TiO2 material was synthesized by a two‐step approach including solvothermal method and wet‐impregnation. The as‐synthesized TiO2 microsphere decorated by Ag nanoparticles was characterized using field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The presence of Ag was also confirmed by inductively coupled plasma spectrometry. Hybrid Ag–TiO2 material was employed to inactivate Pseudomonas aeruginosa with different amount of bound extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in both light and dark condition. Inactivation tests were conducted in deionized and artificial water. The results indicated that hybrid Ag–TiO2 material displayed a significant capacity for microbial disinfection. The combination of Ag and TiO2 produced synergistic effects leading to a significant improvement of antibacterial activity. Synergistic effects on antibacterial activity contribute to Ag species and bulk free hydroxyl radicals predominantly produced from photocatalysis. Furthermore, EPS bound bacterial cell surface act as a barrier to cell membrane attacked from reactive oxygen species and Ag species; the bacterial envelope is the primary target of bulk free hydroxyl radicals; the results were confirmed by formation of malondialdehyde in the disinfection process.
Overtreatment of men with early‐stage prostate cancer and limited life expectancy
Authors: Danzig Matthew R. , McKiernan James M.
Published: July 2014

The accompanying article by Daskivich et al explores, with rigorous methodology, the issue of the overtreatment of men with early stage prostate cancer and limited life expectancy. Particular attention should be paid to the finding of the predominance of radiotherapy in this group, which should not be considered a benign alternative to surgery given the evidence for long‐term morbidity after this treatment.
Augmented Berlin‐Frankfurt‐Münster therapy in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
Authors: Rytting Michael E. , Thomas Deborah A. , O'Brien Susan M. , Ravandi‐Kashani Farhad , Jabbour Elias J. , Franklin Anna R. , Kadia Tapan M. , Pemmaraju Naveen , Daver Naval G. , Ferrajoli Alessandra , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , Konopleva Marina Y. , Cortes Jorge E. , Borthakur Gautham , Garris Rebecca , Cardenas‐Turanzas Maria , Schroeder Kurt , Jorgensen Jeffrey L. , Kornblau Steven M. , Kantarjian Hagop M.
Published: July 2014

BACKGROUND

Various trials have reported improved outcomes for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who received treatment with pediatric‐based regimens. Those reports prompted the current investigation of the pediatric augmented Berlin‐Frankfurt‐Münster (ABFM) regimen in AYA patients. The results were compared with those from a similar population that received the hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone (hyper‐CVAD) regimen.

METHODS

Eighty‐five patients ages 12 to 40 years who had Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)‐negative ALL received the ABFM regimen from October 2006 through April 2012. Their outcome was compared with outcomes in 71 historic AYA patients who received hyper‐CVAD from the authors' institution. Patient and disease characteristics, as well as minimal residual disease status, were analyzed for their impact on outcomes.

RESULTS

The complete response rate with ABFM was 94%. The 3‐year complete remission duration (CRD) and overall survival (OS) rates were 70% and 74%, respectively. For patients aged ≤21 years, the 3‐year CRD and OS rates were 72% and 85%, respectively; and, for patients ages 21 to 40 years, the respective rates were 69% and 60%. The initial white blood cell count was an independent predictive factor of OS and CRD. The minimal residual disease status on days 29 and 84 of therapy also were predictive of long‐term outcomes. Severe regimen toxicities included transient hepatotoxicity in 35% to 39% of patients, pancreatitis in 11% of patients, osteonecrosis in 11% of patients, and thrombosis in 22% of patients. The 3‐year OS rate was 74% in the ABFM group versus 71% in the hyper‐CVAD group, and the corresponding 3‐year CRD rate was 70% versus 66%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

ABFM was tolerable in AYA patients with ALL but was not associated with significant improvements in CRD and OS compared with hyper‐CVAD.Cancer2014;120:3660–3668.©2014 American Cancer Society.