bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treacher Collins syndrome: a case report
Authors: Madi Medhini , Babu Subhas G. , Bhat Supriya , Madiyal Ananya
Published: May 2018

Treacher Collins Syndrome or mandibulofacial dysostosis is a rare congenital malformation involving first and second branchial arches and presents several craniofacial deformities. The occurrence of this syndrome is estimated to range between 1 in 40,000 to 1 in 70,000 live births. The syndrome is characterized by anomalies of the auricular pinna, hypoplasia of facial bones, antimongoloid slanting palpebral fissures, coloboma of the lower eyelids and cleft palate. Here we report a case of Treacher Collins Syndrome with a narrative review of the clinical features, radiographic findings, differential diagnosis and various treatment options.
Complete resection in old age bladder cancers filling bladder cavity
Authors: Dirim Ayhan
Published: May 2018

Radical cystectomy is often the treatment of choice in widespread bladder tumors that may not be possible to be resected. However, it is extremely important to perform a complete resection prior to surgery, to perform healthy staging, to remove complaints related to the tumor, and to offer alternative treatment options for patients who do not accept surgery or who are at risk for surgery. In this study, the results of complete resection of two old age patients with bladder cancer tumors filling all the bladder cavity were reported.
Investigation of the Stability of a Test Particle in the Vicinity of Collinear Points with the Additional Influence of an Oblate Primary and a Triaxial-Stellar Companion in the Frame of ER3BP
Authors: Hussain Aminu Abubakar , Umar Aishetu , Singh Jagadish
Published: May 2018

We investigate in the elliptic framework of the restricted three-body problem, the motion around the collinear points of an infinitesimal particle in the vicinity of an oblate primary and a triaxial stellar companion. The locations of the collinear points are affected by the eccentricity of the orbits, oblateness of the primary body and the triaxiality and luminosity of the secondary. A numerical analysis of the effects of the parameters on the positions of collinear points of CEN X-4 and PSR J1903+0327 reveals a general shift away from the smaller primary with increase in eccentricity and triaxiality factors and a shift towards the smaller primary with increase in the semi-major axis and oblateness of the primary on L1. The collinear points remain unstable in spite of the introduction of these parameters.
Peri-procedural outcome of transcatheter interventions for congenital heart diseases in children in a tertiary level hospital in South Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Masaraddi Sanjay K. , Sukulal Kiron S. , K. E. Elizabeth , K. Rugmini
Published: May 2018

Background: Transcatheter based therapies in congenital heart defects have gained popularity, as the morbidity associated with the correction of these defects has been dramatically reduced. Complication rates in this group of children are low and our centre is striving to achieve the same outcome as other major centres. Objective of this study sought to determine the institutional complication rates in a group of children who underwent transcatheter interventions for their congenital heart diseaseMethods: This prospective observational study enrolled 125 patients who underwent elective transcatheter cardiac interventions for congenital heart defects between February 2014 and January 2018. Major and minor complications were predefined.Results: The age of these children ranged from 9 months to 18 years (mean age 9.22 years). The success rate was 99.2% (124/125). Few children (16%) had minor procedure related complications. Only 1 child had a major complication.Conclusions: Transcatheter cardiac interventions in children are highly successful. Meticulous planning and proper case selection are the major contributors for the success of any centre.
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL: POSSÍVEIS CAMINHOS NO ENSINO FORMAL
Authors: Nilson Gomes Vilhena Fábio
Published: May 2018

O presente estudo aborda considerações sobre a Educação Ambiental no ensino formal. Demonstra uma linha do tempo sobre eventos que contribuíram para sua obrigatoriedade e discute marcos legais que estabelecem suas diretrizes curriculares. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa é de natureza exploratória/descritiva, foi realizada com professores de uma escola pública no município de Oiapoque-Amapá. Para coleta de dados utilizou-se questionário semiestruturado, com perguntas fechadas e abertas. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a compreensão da maioria dos professores sobre Meio ambiente e Educação Ambiental está parcialmente alinhada com os princípios e objetivos das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais e está presente nas práticas dos professores.
GEOECOLOGIA DAS PAISAGENS E PLANEJAMENTO AMBIENTAL: DISCUSSÃO TEÓRICA E METODOLÓGICA PARA A ANÁLISE AMBIENTAL
Authors: Fernanda Furtado Teixeira Nágila , Vicente da Silva Edson , Felipe Farias Juliana
Published: May 2018

Este trabalho discute a Geoecologia das Paisagens e planejamento ambiental para análise ambiental. Parte do debate da paisagem como conceito inerente a Geoecologia, apresentando geossistema e aporte teórico-metodológico. Discute fundamentos, categorias, aplicabilidade, planejamento e zoneamento ambiental, objetivando análise ambiental. Baseada no referencial teórico-metodológico da Geoecologia das Paisagens se analisa ambientes em diferentes escalas: local, municipal, regional ou nacional, com a divisão das unidades geoecológicas e análise integrada das condições ambientais e socioeconômicas. O diagnóstico do uso-ocupação, limitações e potencialidades permitirá conhecimento da área e a determinação de zonas ambientais de acordo com a vocação e o diagnóstico realizado.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE AS POLÍTICAS DE MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS E A PRODUÇÃO AGRÍCOLA NO MATO GROSSO
Authors: Lourenço Suzana Cristina
Published: May 2018

O objetivo deste texto é analisar as políticas de adaptação e mitigação às mudanças climáticas e mudanças ambientais regionais no estado do Mato Grosso. Avaliamos se estas estão em consonância com a realidade e demandas socioambientais do estado. A partir da relação entre fatores econômicos, sociais e ambientais, refletimos sobre a participação das camadas da sociedade civil na temática de mudanças climáticas. Partimos da premissa que o Estado (representado pelos sucessivos governos), avançam em agendas pautadas nas prioridades de um grupo hegemônico, fundamentado na agricultura industrial, em detrimento dos outros grupos com menor protagonismo político e econômico.
Questões epidemiológicas e desafios no atendimento aos chamados povos isolados. Uma experiência de contato com os Korubo
Authors: Reis Roberta Aguiar Cerri , Albertoni Lucas
Published: May 2018

Nos últimos três anos, grupos indígenas de três etnias distintas, que até então não mantinham relação permanente com o Estado ou mesmo com a sociedade envolvente, passaram a receber assistência à saúde constante e permanentemente do governo brasileiro. Dentre as políticas aplicadas a eles, destaca-se o início de intervenções biomédicas em dois grupos da etnia Korubo na Terra Indígena Vale do Javari, Amazonas. A partir da experiência dos autores, este artigo tem como objetivo relatar  e refletir sobre a situação sanitária, o cuidado médico e outras ações de saúde implicados nos processos atuais de contato interétnico, em especial nos eventos ocorrido na Terra Indígena (TI) Vale do Javari envolvendo a etnia Korubo. Busca-se, assim, contribuir para uma reflexão acerca do contexto epidemiológico atual dos povos indígenas que se encontram recentemente inseridos em uma zona de contato com agentes do Estado brasileiro, bem como levantar subsídios para o planejamento de ações de saúde em uma situação de contato.
REVIEW - Norton Anthology, Daoism
Authors: Tuckett Jonathan
Published: May 2018

Review of Norton Anthology, Daoism
Musing on a Muse
Authors: Knott Kim
Published: May 2018

Engaging with a photograph of Ursula King and family at the Hindu temple in Leeds in 1976, I explore some aspects of Ursula’s early academic life and work at the University of Leeds. I ask whether the photograph can be used to frame and open up issues in the study of religions from the 1970s that might subsequently have borne fruit. This requires me to look beneath the visual surface of the photograph to the ritual event it depicts, to its participants, their position and interests, and to the wider historical, academic and local contexts to which it was intimately connected. As I do so, I consider my own relationship to the photograph, and its capacity to connect several aspects of my academic autobiography. In addition to reflecting on Ursula’s work, this ‘image encounter’ allows me to discuss the formation and work of the Community Religions Project with its focus on religion and diversity in the locality, engaged and collaborative research and its public impact, and novel research on religion and migration, specifically on British Hindus and Hinduism. Furthermore, this photograph, and its generation as part of an early exhibition on religious diversity in an English city, foreshadowed later developments in visual analysis and the study of religion.
Saint-Exupéry Et La Question Des Relations Humaines : Une étude de Vol de Nuit et Terre des Hommes
Authors: Gli Mawuyra
Published: May 2018

Man is by nature a gregarious being. He is a member of a community in which human beings are in constant confrontation. He has various connections with members of his community. Because of the fundamental nature of what is at stake, his relationship with other members is at the same time a source of cohesion and conflict. On the one hand, it unites (or binds) the subjects of the global society and contributes to their fulfillment. But on the other hand, it can be a source of tension and conflict between actors or agents, individual or collective. The present study aims at analyzing the importance of human relations as conceived by Saint-Exupéry in two of his narrative texts: Vol de Nuit (Night Flight) and Terre des Hommes (Wind, Sand and Stars). Based on the hypothesis that the relationship that human beings maintain among themselves can contribute favorably to their development, the study further seeks to expose the importance and implication of human relations in the texts of Saint- Exupéry. This study is in the domain of humanism (a theory or doctrine which takes as its end the human person and his development). The study demonstrates to what end the phenomenon of human relations is evoked in the two narrative texts. This will undoubtedly lead us to understand the reflections Saint-Exupéry presents in his texts. The study is based on textual data collected from the two texts. It is hoped that this paper would help readers better appreciate the question of human relationship as an aspect of the author’s humanist persuasion.
Gender in “Our Arabic Language” Books for the First Three Grades in Jordan
Authors: Omar Khitam Ahmad Bani
Published: May 2018

This paper focuses on identifying the reality of gender in “our Arabic language” books for the first three grades in Jordan. To achieve the objective of the study, we made use of the descriptive analytical method. Also, we represented the study community in “our Arabic language” books for the first three grades in Jordan. In this study, various tools for analysis have been developed and verified. After the analysis has been verified, the results of the study show that the Committee for the writing of Arabic language books for the first three grades had majority of females. The authoring team and the review team were mostly male. It showed that the total number of repeated gender-related words (males) reached 922 and 70.87% in total. The gender gap (females) reached 379 (29.13%). The total number of gender-related images (males) was 250 (71.43%) based on the total number of photographs. Gender images (females) reached 100 and 28.57% of the total number of images. The total number of gender-related addresses (males) reached 8 by 16.67% of the total number of addresses. The gender-related titles were 2 and 4.17% of the total number of addresses, and 38 by 79.16% for the general addresses based on the total number of addresses. The analysis of gender roles showed that the occupations practiced by women are limited to 6 occupations, with the most prominent being a nurse and a teacher. The professions which were related to males are 20 professions, most notably pilot, fisherman, and farmer. It showed that creativity and innovation, health roles, heroism, courage, and ownership of property are limited to males without females. In regards to social roles, males can be seen as father, uncle, brother, grandfather and cousin, while the female can be seen as mother, grandmother, and aunt. The results showed a more male role than female roles.
Evaluation of Protection of Critical Infrastructure in Nigeria. A Case Study of Protection of Power Facilities in Abuja
Authors: Adigun Saladin Quadri
Published: May 2018

This research work investigated the protection of critical infrastructure in Nigeria with special attention to electric power infrastructure within Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja. The study was guided by six research questions and the instrument employed for the research was titled ‘Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Protection of Critical Infrastructure’ (EEPCI). The study was carried out among the consumers of electricity in three of the six Area Councils, the security personnel employed to guard as well as the workers of the power facilities called Abuja Electricity Distribution Company (AEDC) and Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN) in the capital territory. The entire population of the study was 3,750 and this cut across the strata of the stakeholders in power industry. The data gathered were analyzed by the use of frequency, percentages and statistical mean distribution technique. Findings from the study showed that the existing protection techniques are weak, unassertive and the power companies are slow to mitigating effects of attacks on their facilities. Based on the findings, the researcher recommended that policies and equipment protection strategies be utilized by the power companies and the government. The study laid emphasis on establishment of community anti-crime group and provision of free toll hotline for emergency purposes. Furthermore, the penalty for damages to power facilities was recommended to be stiffer and the security should be empowered to excel in their profession.
Factorial Structure of the Self-Report Barriers for Practice Physical Exercise in Mexican Athletes University Students
Authors: Chavez Juan Francisco Aguirre , Garcia Perla Jannet Jurado , Vasquez Susana Ivonne Aguirre , Ornelas Jose Rene Blanco
Published: May 2018

The present study intends to investigate if the psychometric results are replicated for the Self-Report of Barriers to the Practice of Physical Exercise (ABPEF) in Mexican athletes university students. A total of 651 university students participated (mean age = 20.8 ± 2.4 years). The factorial structure of the questionnaire was analyzed through confirmatory factor analyzes, which showed that a structure of four factors is viable and adequate. The four factors (body image, fatigue, obligations and environment), based on statistical and substantive criteria, have shown adequate fit indicators of reliability and validity. In addition, the results of the factorial analyzes carried out with the sub-samples indicate the existence of strong evidence of the stability of the factorial structure. Future research should replicate these findings in larger samples.
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Health Education for Ibs Women by Examining the Frequency and Disturbance of Gi Symptoms, Quality of Life and Days of Drug Use
Authors: Lin Hsiu-Chin , Tsao Lee-Ing
Published: May 2018

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common and chronic functional disorder, yet few studies have demonstrated the effects of IBS health education. Methods: This study was conducted at the gastrointestinal (GI) clinic of a hospital. A parallel-design control trial for IBS women, in which health education was implemented via individual instruction and the Self-Care Manual for IBS Women, was carried out. The questionnaire utilized in this study covered three areas, namely IBS symptom disturbance and frequency, quality of life, and days of drugs use. The intervention effects were assessed four weeks and eight weeks after the intervention and estimated using the GLMM model (generalized linear mixed model). Results: The experimental and control groups consisted of 31 and 30 participants, respectively. The assessment indicated that health education intervention had significantly reduced symptom frequency in the experimental group after four weeks (β = -2.60, P < 0.01) and after eight weeks (β = -3.30, P < 0.01); significantly reduced symptom disturbances after four weeks (β = -5.01, P < 0.01) and after eight weeks (β = -4.79, P < 0.01). Quality of life for both groups increased after eight weeks, with the experimental group experiencing a greater increase than the control group (β = 15.20, P > 0.05). Drug use decreased by an average of 6.23 days (P < 0.01) and 1.3 days (P > 0.05) in the experimental and control groups, respectively. Conclusions: IBS health education had a positive effect on symptom frequency and disturbance, quality of life and days of drug use.
Evaluation Au Champ Du Potentiel De Croissance Et De La Production Du Riz (Oryza Sativa L.) Variété IR841 Inoculé En Pépinière Par Quatre Souches De Champignons Mycorhiziens À Arbuscules
Authors: Atama Gnamkoulamba , Kodjo Tounou Agbéko , Manguilibè Tchao , Atti Tchabi , Mawuko Adjevi Anani Kossi , Komlan Batawila
Published: May 2018

The growth and production of rice (Oryza sativa L.) variety IR841 were evaluated in response to arbusular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) inoculation. Four strains of AMF (Acaulospora spinosa, BEN 10, Glomus mosseae and G. hoi) were tested at 1.96 x 105 ; 3.91 x 105 and 7.82 x 10 5 spores/ha during two growing seasons 2016 and 2017, in a complete random block design. Uninoculated plants and plants fertilized with chemical fertilizer were used as control. The experiments conducted for 19 weeks including 5 weeks in nursery and 14 weeks in field tests showed better development and production of rice in inoculated plants compared to uninoculated controls. The tested rice variety was highly dependent on arbuscular mycorhization. For each strain the rate of mycorhization was dose dependent. The different growth parameters such as the height of the plant, the development of the root system, the total biomass, the number of tillers, the number of fertile panicles per plant, the number of paddy grains per panicle and the paddy grain yield, were positively correlated with the rate of root mycorhization. This study showed that biofertilizers based on mycorrhizal fungi provide important benefits to the plant, and can be used to improve the growth and yield of rice in Togo. The results are discussed in terms of usingAMF as alternative to chemical fertilizer in rice production system.
Impacts De L’urbanisation Sur Les Caractéristiques Morphologiques Et Les Apports En Eau Du Barrage Hydro-Agricole De Nanan Dans Le Département De Yamoussoukro (Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Kouyate Sawadogo Zounabo Épouse , Brou Yao Casimir , Soro Gneneyougo Emile , Goula Bi Tié Albert
Published: May 2018

The significant decrease in the water level of the Nanan agricultural dam is becoming very worrying for rice farmers. In this study, we analyzed the land use dynamics of dam watershed and its impacts on morphological characteristics and reservoir inflow. This analysis was conducted by coupling the satellites images of Landsat sensors over a thirty years, Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and direct field observation. The classification of Thematic Mapper (1986), Enhanced Thematic Mapper+ (2000) and Operational Land Imager (2015) images has gave respectively an overalls accuracies of 99.01%, 96.62% and 94.6% and kappa index of 0.98, 0.95 and 0.91. The analysis of the land use dynamics of the catchment showed that its urbanization started before 1986 and accelerated after 2000 with the transfer of the political capital of Abidjan to Yamoussoukro. The area of dam watershed was reduced between 1986 (8,272 km²) and 2000 (7,348 km²).After 2000, the construction of road infrastructures on the watershed led to a subdivision of the watershed into two sub-watersheds separated by a culvert. The current configuration is an upstream basin with an area of 4.30 km² and the downstream basin an area of 3.048 km². As a hydrological consequence of urbanization in watershed is runoff water has increased from 41.7 mm in 1986 to 43.30 mm in 2000 and 46.40 mm in 2015. However, inter-basin water transfer and grass cover at the entrance to the basin slowed runoff and reduced by a third the flow to the reservoir dam. This situation led to a decrease in the water level in the reservoir of the Nanan hydro-agricultural dam.
Componentes económicos y administrativos de un modelo agroempresarial sostenible
Authors: Murcia Cabra Héctor Horacio , Corredor Avellaneda Iván Mauricio
Published: May 2018

El diseño y la ejecución de un modelo agroempresarial sostenible, en procesos de desarrollo agropecuario y rural, tiene relaciones en un contexto global y holístico con ejes productivos, económicos, sociales, administrativos y ambientales, entre otros, enmarcados en un contexto circundante. Estos aspectos fueron considerados en 2009 en algunas áreas rurales de Bogotá, en las cuales se presentan diversas situaciones que hacen difícil la vida de los campesinos, quienes obtienen su escaso ingreso gracias a la explotación de sus tierras. Para ayudar a dar solución a estos problemas, la Universidad de La Salle y la Secretaría Distrital de Desarrollo Económico (SDDE) de la Alcaldía de Bogotá suscribieron el Convenio 034 de 2008, por medio del cual se pretendió contribuir a dar a productores de las localidades de Usme y Ciudad Bolívar una visión empresarial de la cadena productiva de leche en sus facetas de producción, transformación y comercialización. Entre los diversos componentes del modelo agroempresarial, en el presente artículo se hace énfasis en los elementos económicos y administrativos que lo comprenden, tratando de llevar a cabo un proceso de apoyo que buscó la apropiación por parte de los campesinos de conceptos que les ayudaran a planear, organizar, dirigir y controlar sus fincas en una forma más apropiada hacia la optimización de sus ingresos, tanto individuales (unidad familiar), como comunales. Con tales propósitos se llevó a cabo un proceso de investigación acción participativa (IAP) basado en diagnósticos específicos, analizados junto con la comunidad por medio de metodologías dirigidas a tres ámbitos básicos del desarrollo rural: finca (simbolizando los aspectos técnicos, económicos y administrativos de las unidades productivas, familia (destacando los elementos sociales de su actividad) y comunidad (haciendo énfasis en los procesos de mejoramiento de las condiciones de vida a nivel regional). De acuerdo con los resultados de este proceso se gestaron y pusieron en marcha acciones de solución representadas en métodos y procesos de capacitación, asesoría empresarial y proyección social que ayudaron al mejoramiento integral de las comunidades involucradas.
Análisis e incidencia del gasto en transporte público de los hogares en las localidades de Usme y Ciudad Bolívar
Authors: Hernández Bernal José Armando , Beltrán Garzón José Gilberto
Published: May 2018

A continuación se presenta un documento de trabajoresultado de un proceso investigativo, cuyo principal objetivo es demostrar la incidencia en el gasto de lasfamilias en relación con el transporte público en las localidades de Usme y Ciudad Bolívar de Bogotá desde una perspectiva analítica de manera descriptiva mediante la utilización de un modelo econométrico que nos permita determinar y comprobar la incidenciadel gasto de las familias. Con el fin de lograr el cometido, se diseñó e implementó un instrumento de recolección de datos basado en 619 encuestas efectuadas directamente a los hogares que utilizan el servicio de transporte público colectivo en las localidadesde Usme y Ciudad Bolívar para desplazarsea sus lugares de trabajo o estudio o cumplir con actividadesde su núcleo familiar. El trabajo se sustenta, además, en la elaboración de una reseña histórica del uso del transporte en Bogotá, tomando como base un modelo de consumo de las familias y las últimas tendencias encontradas en el estudio de la economía del transporte, haciendo énfasis en lo relacionado con el transporte público colectivo de pasajeros. Por tal motivo, se encuentran en el desarrollo del trabajolos diferentes aportes de especialistas en el tema del transporte, que ha tomado gran importancia en el desarrollo económico y la búsqueda de bienestar de las familias.
Políticas de salarios mínimos en Colombia. Una lectura entre la teoría y la realidad
Authors: Cortés P. José Gersaín
Published: May 2018

Se analiza el comportamiento histórico del salario mínimo mensual legal vigente (SMMLV) en Colombia desde el punto de vista del marco de política utilizado para su fijación y de sus efectos sobre la capacidad de compra real de los trabajadores durante el periodo 1950-2009, teniendo como referente conceptual los principios básicos de la Teoría de Rentas. Los resultados muestran que el SMMLV en 2009 ($496 900) fue en términos reales ligeramente superior al 40% del establecido por primera vez en 1950 ($60), comportamiento a su vez equivalente a la tasa promedio anual de inflación vivida durante dicho periodo, lo que significa que, pese a los ajustes de enfoque a que ha sido sometida, la política salarial aplicada en el país durante los últimos 59 años ha servido, en el mejor de los casos, para mantener la capacidad de compra de los trabajadores que perciben el SMMLV como la de todos aquellos a quienes se les reajusta su remuneración con base en este último, en la práctica la mayoría de los trabajadores colombianos. La política de negociación del salario mínimo, basada en procesos de concertación entre trabajadores, productores y Gobierno, se centra de manera exclusiva en el tema salarial, sin referencia explícita sobre las condiciones de empleo (desempleo) existentes en el país. En consecuencia, se plantean algunos argumentos teóricos básicos acerca de las implicaciones prácticas de las políticas de salarios mínimos en economías con alto desempleo, como la colombiana.
El supuesto de normalidad: ¿mito o realidad?
Authors: Vergara Myrian , Babativa Giovany
Published: May 2018

En este artículo se presenta una breve reseña del desarrollo de la teoría de pruebas de hipótesis y se aclaran las principales diferencias entre pruebas paramétricas y no paramétricas. Para ilustrar el uso deunas y otras, se realiza un estudio de simulación, en el que se muestran los errores en que incurren los investigadores al tomar decisiones cuando pasan por alto los supuestos exigidos por un conocido método estadístico.
Reformas laborales y macroeconómicas como elemento de política pública. Un compendio de estudios para América Latina
Authors: Chávez Muñoz Nelson Manolo , Forero Cantor Germán Augusto
Published: May 2018

El crecimiento y el desarrollo económicos son dos de los principales objetivos de los responsables de la política en América Latina para la reducción de la pobreza y el mejoramiento en los indicadores de la distribución del ingreso. Alcanzar dichos objetivos no es una tarea fácil, y ha requerido de la implementación de diferentes reformas de carácter estructural, dentro de las cuales se destacan las macroeconómicas y las laborales, con características particulares que deben ser aplicadas de manera conjunta en todas sus dimensiones para poder alcanzar sus metas.
Crisis económicas: lecciones de ayer, retos del porvenir
Authors: Medina Gutiérrez Fernando Antonio
Published: May 2018

Con el fin de avanzar en la comprensión del origen de las crisis económicas que caracterizan el funcionamiento de la economía capitalista, el presente artículo estudia la llamada “crisis de la deuda” en América Latina durante los años ochenta, la cual condujoa la llamada “década perdida” en el desarrollo de laregión. Como conclusión, el artículo plantea la necesidad de ir más allá de las interpretaciones subjetivistas que ponen el peso explicativo en la avaricia de banqueros irresponsables, en la creatividad dañina de la ingeniería financiera o en la miopía de gobiernosy deudores privados impróvidos, y se centra en las características estructurales del modelo de inserción de América Latina en la economía global.
Confidence-Based Participatory Forest Management
Authors: Martínez-Falero Eugenio , González-García Concepción , García-Abril Antonio , Ayuga-Téllez Esperanza
Published: May 2018

This paper formulates a new strategy for participatory forest management consisting of encouraging public participation as long as it increases empathy among participants. The strategy requires the homogeneous representation of the opinion of a participant (i.e. to determine how they assess a forest plan and identify the best one). Utility assessments are prepared for participants through pair-comparisons between meaningful points in the territory and from value functions based on forest indicators. The best plan is designed by applying combinatorial optimization algorithms to the utility of a participant. The calculating of empathy -of one participant relative to another - is based on the equivalence of their respective utilities when the current forest plan is modified. This involves calculating the opinions that are due to systematic changes in the collective plan for those participants that each participant supposes will affect the utility of the other participants. Calculating empathy also requires knowing the interactions among participants, which have been incorporated through agent-based simulation models. Application of the above methodology has confirmed the association between increases in empathy and convergence of opinions in different scenarios: well and medium-informed participants and with and without interaction among them, which verifies the proposed strategy. In addition, this strategy is easily integrated into available information systems and its outcomes show advantages over current participatory applications.
Ready for Green Building Risks? The Case of South Korea from the Architect’s Point of View
Authors: Kim Jinho
Published: May 2018

The number of green buildings has increased to address the global environmental crisis. However, green buildings face risks resulting from new materials and methods. In addition, these buildings are expected to perform at higher levels than traditional ones. The objectives of this study are to identify the possible risk factors for architects developing green building projects in South Korea and to assess risk mitigation measures. To attain this goal, fourteen risk factors and twelve mitigation measures were identified from a comprehensive literature review. A questionnaire survey was administered to architects practicing green building design. Findings revealed the ‘adoption of new technology and processes’ was the largest difference between green and traditional building projects. This study identified ‘financial risk,’ ‘design changes,’ and ‘client’s goal uncertainty’ as the top three risk factors in green building design. Additionally, the survey proposed the four most effective risk mitigation measures for green building projects: (1) ‘contract indicating each party’s roles, liabilities and limitations clearly’; (2) ‘utilizing integrated design process’; (3) ‘understanding client’s goal in green building projects’; and (4) ‘improving communication and coordination among stakeholders.’ There are a few studies focusing on the architects’ perceived risk concerning green building projects; however, this study expands the knowledge and fills the literature gap. Additionally, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of critical risks and mitigation measures that can benefit South Korea’s green building design practice through better risk management.
The Involvement of PPARs in the Peculiar Energetic Metabolism of Tumor Cells
Authors: Antonosante Andrea , d'Angelo Michele , Castelli Vanessa , Catanesi Mariano , Iannotta Dalila , Giordano Antonio , Ippoliti Rodolfo , Benedetti Elisabetta , Cimini Annamaria
Published: May 2018

Energy homeostasis is crucial for cell fate since all cellular activities are strongly dependent on the balance between catabolic and anabolic pathways. In particular, metabolic and energetic modulation has been reported in cancer cells long time ago, but have been neglected for a long time. Instead, during the past 20 years a recovery of the study of cancer metabolism has led to better consider metabolic alterations in tumors. Cancer cells must adapt their metabolism to meet the energetic and biosynthetic demands that accompany rapid growth of the primary tumor and colonization of distinct metastatic sites. They are largely dependent on aerobic glycolysis for their energy production and also are associated with increased fatty acid synthesis and increased rates of glutamine utilization. Emerging evidence has shown that therapeutic resistance to cancer treatment may arise due to deregulation in glucose metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, and glutamine utilization. Cancer cells exhibit a series of metabolic alterations induced by mutations leading to gain-of-function of oncogenes and loss-of-function of tumor suppressor genes that include increased glucose consumption, reduced mitochondrial respiration, increased reactive oxygen species generation and cell death resistance, all of which responsible for cancer progression. Cholesterol metabolism is also altered in cancer cells and supports uncontrolled cell growth. In this context, we review the roles of PPARs transcription factors, master regulators of cellular energetic metabolism, in the control and deregulation of energetic homeostasis observed in cancer. We highlight the different contribution of the different PPAR isotypes in different cancers and the differential control of their transcription in the different cancer cells.
Integrated Modeling Approach for the Development of Climate-Informed, Actionable Information
Authors: Judi David R. , Rakowski Cindy L. , Waichler Scott R. , Feng Youcan
Published: May 2018

Flooding is a prevalent natural disaster with both short and long-term social, economic, and infrastructure impacts. Changes in intensity and frequency of precipitation (including rain, snow, and rain on snow) events create challenges for the planning and management of resilient infrastructure and communities. While there is general acknowledgement that new infrastructure design should account for future climate change, no clear methods or actionable information is available to community planners and designers to ensure resilient design considering an uncertain climate future. This research used climate projections to drive high-resolution hydrology and flood models to evaluate social, economic, and infrastructure resilience for the Snohomish Watershed, WA, U.S.A. The proposed model chain has been calibrated and validated. Based on the established model chain, the peaks of precipitation and streamflows were found to shift from spring and summer to earlier winter season. The nonstationarity of peak discharges was discovered with more frequent and severe flood risks projected. The peak discharges were also projected to decrease for a certain period in the near future, which might be due to the reduced rain-on-snow events. This research was expected to provide a clear method for the incorporation of climate science in flood resilience analysis and to also provide actionable information relative to the frequency and intensity of future precipitation events.
Compressive Online Video Background-Foreground Separation Using Multiple Prior Information and Optical Flow
Authors: Prativadibhayankaram Srivatsa , Luong Huynh Van , Le Thanh-Ha , Kaup André
Published: May 2018

In the context of video background-foreground separation, we propose a compressive online Robust Principal Component Analysis (RPCA) with optical flow that separates recursively a sequence of video frames into foreground (sparse) and background (low-rank) components. This separation method can process per video frame from a small set of measurements, in contrast to conventional batch-based RPCA, which processes the full data. The proposed method also leverages multiple prior information by incorporating previously separated background and foreground frames in an n-l1 minimization problem. Moreover, optical flow is utilized to estimate motions between the previous foreground frames and then compensate the motions to achieve higher quality prior foregrounds for improving the separation. Our method is tested on several video sequences in different scenarios for online background-foreground separation given compressive measurements. The visual and quantitative results show that the proposed method outperforms other existing methods.
Investigation of Constraints to Be Occured in Participation to the Leisure Activities of High School Students: Sample of Turkey
Authors: Ayhan Cihan , Ekinci Nurullah Emir , Yalcin Ilimdar , Yigit Sihmehmet
Published: May 2018

The aim of this research is to determine the factors that may prevent high school students from participating in recreational activities and to investigate whether these factors differ within the scope of various variables. This study consisted of total 1459 (681 women and 778 men) student volunteers who educated in high school level. Sampling method was preferred for easy sampling. The face-to-face survey method was used to collect the data. The "Leisure Constraints Scale" developed by Alexandris and Carroll (1997) and adapted to Turkish by Gürbüz and Karaküçük (2008) was used to determine the factors that might prevent individuals from participating in leisure activities. The data obtained for the research were first transferred to the computer and then analyzed by SPSS packet program. The error margin level in the study was taken as p<0.05. The cronbach alpha of the study was found to be 0.91. As a result, it was found that women participated in the leisure time more than men. It was also observed that the participants met with more leisure constrain in Turkey's eastern regions.
Modelling the Dynamics of a Three-wheeled Racecar: A Pilot Study to Establish the Feasibility of Developing a ‘Delta’ Configuration Performance Car
Authors: Margetts Rebecca
Published: May 2018

This paper presents a preliminary study of the dynamics of a ‘delta’ configuration three-wheeled sports car, based on a Reliant Robin chassis. Stiffness and damping values to give this vehicle ‘sporty’ ride dynamics have been proposed. Other dynamic qualities such as rollover and steady-state cornering have also been investigated, and then verified using Carmaker® simulation software. The car performs far better than the Robin in steady-state analyses, but simulation indicates that transient maneuvers such as braked corners can still cause the vehicle to roll. Remedial actions such as lowering the center of gravity are suggested. However, much of the data used in these analyses is assumed, and should be updated as the design progresses. Since the standard calculations used in this report are intended for four-wheeled vehicles, there is scope to develop a more detailed transient model to fully describe the unique dynamics of three-wheeled vehicles and develop design guidelines more suited to them.
NGAL is Downregulated in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Leads to Increased Survival, Proliferation, Migration, and Chemoresistance
Authors: Monisha Javadi , Roy Nand Kishor , Padmavathi Ganesan , Banik Kishore , Bordoloi Devivasha , Khwairakpam Amrita Devi , Arfuso Frank , Chinnathambi Arunachalam , Alahmadi Tahani Awad , Alharbi Sulaiman Ali , Sethi Gautam , Kumar Alan Prem , Kunnumakkara Ajaikumar B.
Published: May 2018

Oral cancer is a major public health burden worldwide. The lack of biomarkers for early diagnosis has increased the difficulty in managing this disease. Recent studies have reported that neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a secreted glycoprotein, is upregulated in various tumors. In our study we found that NGAL was significantly downregulated in primary malignant and metastatic tissues of oral cancer compared to normal tissues. The downregulation of NGAL was strongly correlated with the degree of differentiation and stage (I-IV), and can serve as a prognostic biomarker for oral cancer. Tobacco carcinogens were also found to be involved in the downregulation of NGAL. Mechanistic studies revealed that knockdown of NGAL increased oral cancer cell proliferation, survival, and migration, and also induced resistance against cisplatin. Silencing of NGAL activated mTOR signaling and reduced autophagy by the LKB1-AMPK-p53-Redd1 signaling axis. Moreover, cyclin-D1, Bcl-2, and MMP-9 were upregulated, and caspase-9 was downregulated, suggesting that silencing of NGAL increases oral cancer cell proliferation, survival, and migration. Thus, from our study it is evident that downregulation of NGAL activates the mTOR pathway and helps in the progression of oral cancer.
Analysis of the Behavior of Velocity Profiles in a Standard Elbow Fitting
Authors: Garzón Víctor Places , Mátyás Bence , Toapanta Luis Fernando
Published: May 2018

In this paper, we studied and analyzed the behavior of velocity profiles and the distribution of pressures in a pipe connected to an accessory. In this case, it was a 90º elbow fitting in which water flows as an incompressible flow. This study was developed numerically through the fluent program of ANSYS. It is of practical interest in engineering because it is based on results regarding the internal structure of a model of incompressible flows. In the same way, it provides a basis for the proper design and implementation of velocity profiles within an elbow.In the agricultural industry, suitable systems can be implemented for crop irrigation in this way with the results obtained to improve the design in the fluid distribution system.We used a feasible κ-ε turbulence model because this model causes less turbulence than the standard κ-ε model. A mesh independence study was developed, in which it was observed that combining different densities of meshes for the same geometry causes some variables, so a fine meshing was used to carry out the study so that the results are as close to reality as possible.
BlendCAC: A Smart Contract Enabled Decentralized Capability-Based Access Control Mechanism for IoT
Authors: Xu Ronghua , Chen Yu , Blasch Erik , Chen Genshe
Published: May 2018

While the Internet of Things (IoT) technology has been widely recognized as the essential part of Smart Cities, it also brings new challenges in terms of privacy and security. Access control (AC) is among the top security concerns, which is critical in resource and information protection over IoT devices. Traditional access control approaches, like Access Control Lists (ACL), Role-based Access Control (RBAC) and Attribute-based Access Control (ABAC), are not able to provide a scalable, manageable and efficient mechanism to meet the requirements of IoT systems. Another weakness in today's AC is the centralized authorization server, which can be the performance bottleneck or the single point of failure. Inspired by the smart contract on top of a blockchain protocol, this paper proposes BlendCAC, which is a decentralized, federated capability-based AC mechanism to enable an effective protection for devices, services and information in large scale IoT systems. A federated capability-based delegation model (FCDM) is introduced to support hierarchical and multi-hop delegation. The mechanism for delegate authorization and revocation is explored. A robust identity-based capability token management strategy is proposed, which takes advantage of the smart contract for registering, propagating and revocating of the access authorization. A proof-of-concept prototype has been implemented on both resources-constrained devices (i.e., Raspberry PI node) and more powerful computing devices (i.e., laptops), and tested on a local private blockchain network. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the BlendCAC to offer a decentralized, scalable, lightweight and fine-grained AC solution for IoT systems.
Beneficial Impact and Molecular Mechanism of Bacillus Coagulans on Piglets Intestine
Authors: Wu Tao , Lv Yang , Li Xueni , Zhang Lin , Shi Yutao , Du Linxiao , Yi Dan , Chen Hongbo , Guo Shuangshuang , Wang Lei , Zhao Di , Ding Binying , Hou Yongqing , Gong Joshua
Published: May 2018

This research was to investigate beneficial impact and molecular mechanism of B. coagulans on piglets intestine. Twenty-four 21 days old weaned piglets were allotted to three treatments: control group (basal diet), B6 group (basal diet + 2×106 CFU/g B. coagulans), B7 group (basal diet + 2×107 CFU/g B. coagulans). The results showed that compared with control group, B6 and B7 group significantly decreased diarrhea rate and the concent of CHOL, GGT and DAO in plasma; decreased villus height and increase crypt depth in jejunum and ileum; increased the activities of SOD and CAT and decreased the concent of MDA and H2O2 in intestine. These data suggested that supplementing B. coagulans had beneficial impacts on promoting nutrients metabolism, maintaining intestinal integrity and alleviating oxidative stress and diarrhea. Futher research of molecular mechanisms showed that, these beneficial impacts were regulated by changing expression levels of related proteins (including HSP70, Caspase-3, Bax, Villin and Occludin), and genes (including RPL4, IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, MX1, MX2, OAS1, IL-1β, IL-4, CXCL-9, CCL-2, AQP3, SGLT-1, LPL, INSR and b0,+AT), and altering community composition of gut microbiota (particularly family Clostridiaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Veillonellaceae and genus Prevotella, Turicibacter, and Lactobacillus).
SENI SPIRITUAL DALAM KONSEPSI ESTETIKA SEYYED HOSSEIN NASR
Authors: M M. Farkhan
Published: May 2018

This article describes a method of spiritual dimension in understanding the nature of
art. One of the ideas that emerged in the art world is the idea of the spiritual art
conceived by Seyyed Hossein Nasr. Art is a spiritual view of creativity that once a form of
art presupposes that actually has the dimensions or viewpoints that are not one-sided but
two-way, i.e. physical viewpoint or exoteric and esoteric spiritual viewpoint.

  This study was conducted based on the hermeneutic readings to the texts of religious
thought. The purpose is to find an aesthetic view of the artwork that builds upon religious
values and how spiritual art form in the light of faith is placed in human life maqam
among other arts. Spiritual art is not a choice but something that exists, which should be
read through physical knowledge that real empirical.
PEMBENTUKAN DERIVATIF KATA BAHASA ARAB DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAZHAB KUFFAH
Authors: Arifuddin Arifuddin
Published: May 2018

The construction of word in Arabic language had been done by the process of derivation, by looking into this process, the lexicon of Arabic language can be reached and also it can be developed by the period. This research will investigate the construction of Arabic derivative word in the perspective of Kufah Scholar. The data in this research was divided into certain theories and facts of language collected from the primary and secondary references. The primary reference included the main opus work from the Kufah scholars, such as: Al-Farra‟, and also some works from Al-Anbari who had been collected and noted many opinions belong to Kufah scholar during the confrontation with the Basrah scholar. An amount of the research results and some works of contemporary Arabic Grammarians had been become the secondary reference of this research. This research had been concluded that the process of derivation in Arabic word in the Kufah Scholar had many variants of patterns and the high forms. This condition was caused by the data of language which had been recognized wider range of Basrah scholar. The opinion of Kufah Scholar about the root or radical had the strong basis in the development of contemporary of linguistics, especially in the Semitic Language.