bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik Dengan Menggunakan Media Modul Elektronik Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Zaharah Zaharah , Susilowati Ade
Published: June 2020

There are problems related to learning motivation that occurred in SMP Negeri 22 according to the observation conducted:   passive learning environment and lack of students’ participation, readiness and engagement in learning that lead to the students’ poor academic achievement.  In order to overcome the problems, the researchers in this study used electronic module due to its practicality, efficiency and interesting features that it has: audio, animation and video. Electronic module has a potential to bring abstract content into more concrete for the students, so that they might feel more motivated to learn. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Electronic Module Media on the stduents’ learning motivation in Class VIII E SMP Negeri 22 Jambi city. The research method applied is classroom action research. The results show that the use of electronic module media has increased the students’ motivation to learn, this can be seen from the results of the questionnaire as follows: 0% agree that the media is lacking, 16.7% agree that it is sufficiently good, 56.7% agree that it is good and 26.7% agree that it is categorized as very good and able to give a positive impact on the students’ learning outcomes on cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspect. This can be seen from the cognitive learning outcomes of the students who have completed learning that reached 86.67% with an average score of 75.3. The students successfully achieved good categories on affective and psychomotor aspects.

Abstrak. Kulit singkong kurang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat sehingga menjadi limbah. Kulit singkong mengandung pati yang berpotensi sebagai  edible coating. Tomat mudah mengalami kerusakan pasca panen sehingga kadar total fenol dan vitamin C menurun, maka perlu adanya alternatif untuk mempertahankan kadar total fenol dan vitamin C tomat dengan cara aplikasi edible coating pati kulit singkong. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh adanya aplikasi edible coating pati kulit singkong konsentrasi 1%, 2% dan 4% terhadap kadar total fenol dan kadar vitamin C tomat hari ke 3, 6 dan 12 serta mengetahui  potensi hasil penelitian sebagai sumber belajar IPA SMP kelas VIII materi zat aditif. Kadar total fenol diuji menggunakan metode spektrofotometri dan kadar vitamin C menggunakan metode titrasi iodium. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kadar total fenol dan kadar vitamin C tertinggi terjadi pada hari ke 12 perlakuan edible coating 4% berturut-turut sebesar 0.0525% dan 33.2210mg/100g, maka edible coating pati kulit singkong dapat mempertahankan kadar total fenol dan vitamin C tomat dibandingkan kontrol. Hasil penelitian dapat digunakan  sebagai sumber belajar IPA SMP kelas VIII materi zat aditif.
Perfil de medicamentos utilizados por sondas em uma unidade de terapia intensiva
Authors: Vieira Rocha da Mota Ionara , Santos da Silva Manoela , Henrique Ribeiro Fernandes Almeida Paulo , Bonfim Pereira Gisele , Da Silva Santos Beatriz , Da Silveira Lemos Gisele
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil de medicamentos prescritos por sonda a pacientes internados em uma unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI). Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado no mês de novembro de 2017, por meio da análise de prescrições de medicamentos utilizados via sonda nasoenteral (SNE) ou sonda nasogástrica (SNG) por pacientes internados em uma UTI de um hospital público de ensino. Resultados: Foi avaliada a totalidade das prescrições do mês, o que correspondeu 138 prescrições contendo medicamentos prescritos via sonda. 94,9% dos medicamentos foram prescritos para administração via SNE e 5,1%, via SNG; a classe terapêutica mais prescrita para utilização em sonda foram os fármacos do sistema cardiovascular e nervoso; apenas 17,6% dos medicamentos prescritos tinham a forma farmacêutica líquida padronizada para substituição a sólidos orais e, em 12,0%, a bula não recomendava o uso por essa via devido à ausência de estudos. Conclusão: Demonstraram-se, de forma significativa, inadequações na prática de medicamentos prescritos via sonda, além da carência de profissional qualificado para a realização da avaliação das prescrições.
Cutaneous manifestations caused by Simulium erythrocephalum bites in humans: A case series
Authors: Vujanovic Ljuba , Jovanovic Marina , Golusin Zoran , Gajinov Zorica , Jakovljevic Sanja
Published: June 2020

Introduction. In contact with insects, people present a wide range of
reactions, local or systemic, whether caused by insect bites or a venom
injections, sucking blood or exposure to insect?s body and its secretions.
Simulium erythrocephalum is an aggressive anthropophilic species, and
following its bite humans may develop purpuric macules, edema and erythema
surrounding the bite site. Our case series indicates frequent occurrence of
Simulium erythrocephalum bites in Serbia. Case Series. We present a series
of 30 cases reviewed between April and July 2006, who developed a local
reaction at the site of this insect?s bite. In all patients, the skin
lesions were located on the extremities, mainly the lower legs. The number
of bites varied from two to more than ten. In all patients the bites
occurred either during outdoor activities on the riverside or their
residence was near the Danube. The therapy with antihistamines, local and/or
systemic corticosteroids, as well as symptomatic therapy, with compression
and limb elevation was recommended. The skin lesions regressed in one week
in most patients, but in few they lasted for several weeks. Conclusion. In
addition to its impact on human health, Simulium erythrocephalum also has a
role in veterinary medicine. Insect bites in animals can cause significant
livestock losses, occasionally resulting in animal mortality. Apart from
this, Simulium erythrocephalum may also be a vector in the transmission of
the parasite from the genus of Leucocytozoon that infests birds.
Influence of Tooth Pigmentation on H2O2 Diffusion and Its Cytotoxicity After In-office Tooth Bleaching
Authors: de Oliveira Duque CC , Soares DG , Briso ALF , Ortecho-Zuta U , de Oliveira Ribeiro RA , Hebling J , de Souza Costa CA
Published: June 2020

Clinical Relevance

Pigments in tooth structures affect the diffusion of H2O2 through enamel and dentin. The bleaching methodology can be impacted.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the presence of pigments in tooth structures on the trans-enamel and trans-dentin diffusion of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and its cytotoxicity after carrying out an in-office bleaching therapy.

Methods and Materials: A bleaching gel with 35% H2O2 was applied for 45 minutes (three times for 15 minutes) on enamel and dentin discs (n=6), either previously submitted to the intrinsic pigmentation protocol with a concentrated solution of black tea, or not, defining the following groups: G1, unbleached untreated discs (control 1); G2, unbleached pigmented discs (control 2); G3, bleached untreated discs; G4, bleached pigmented discs. The discs were adapted to artificial pulp chambers, which were placed in wells of 24-well plates containing 1 mL culture medium (Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium [DMEM]). After applying the bleaching gel on enamel, the extracts (DMEM + components of bleaching gel that diffused through the discs) were collected and then applied on the cultured MDPC-23 odontoblast-like cells. Cell viability (methyl tetrazolium assay and Live & Dead, Calcein AM, and ethidium homodimer-1 [EthD-1] probes), the amount of H2O2 that diffused through enamel and dentin (leuco-crystal violet product), and the H2O2-mediated oxidative cell stress (SOx) and components of degradation were assessed (analysis of variance/Tukey; α=0.05).

Results: There was no significant difference between the groups G1 and G2 for all the parameters tested (p>0.05). Reduction in the trans-enamel and trans-dentin diffusion of H2O2 occurred for G4 in comparison with G3. Significantly lower cell viability associated with greater oxidative stress was observed for G3 (p<0.05). Therefore, in-office tooth bleaching therapy performed in pigmented samples caused lower cytotoxic effects compared with untreated samples submitted to the same esthetic procedure (p<0.05).

Conclusion: According to the methodology used in this investigation, the authors concluded that the presence of pigments in hard tooth structures decreases the trans-enamel and trans-dentin diffusion of H2O2 and the toxicity to pulp cells of an in-office bleaching gel with 35% H2O2.
ANALISIS MINAT BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI MIA PADA MATA PELAJARAN KIMIA
Authors: Hemayanti Ketut Lia , Muderawan I Wayan , Selamat I Nyoman
Published: June 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan (1) minat belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran kimia dan (2) faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi minat belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran kimia di SMAS Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan data tentang minat belajar siswa dalam penelitian adalah sebanyak 45 orang siswa kelas XI MIA SMAS Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja yang diambil dengan teknik sensus, sedangkan jumlah sampel yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan data faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi minat belajar adalah 15 orang siswa yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profil minat belajar kimia siswa kelas XI MIA SMAS Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja adalah 38% siswa yang tergolong tinggi, 51% siswa yang tergolong sedang, dan 11% siswa yang tergolong rendah. Minat belajar kimia siswa di SMAS Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor internal yang memengaruhi minat belajar kimia adalah keingintahuan, cita-cita, motivasi, serta intelegensi sedangkan faktor eksternal yang memengaruhi yakni lingkungan keluarga, cara guru mengajar, teman sebaya, dan bahan pelajaran.ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to describe (1) interest in learning of student’s chemistry subject matter and (2) the factors that affect student’s interest in learning chemistry subject matter at Laboratory SMAS Undiksha Singaraja. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with a phenomenological approach. The number of samples used to get data about student’s learning interest in the study were 45 students of class XI MIA at Laboratory SMAS Undiksha Singaraja taken by census techniques, while the number of samples used to obtain data on factors affect learning interest were 15 students were taken by purposive sampling techniques. The results showed that the profile of student’s interest in learning chemistry subject matter of class XI MIA at Laboratory SMAS Undiksha Singaraja in general was 38% students classified as high, 51% students classified as moderate, and 11% students classified as low. Student’s interest in learning chemistry subject matter at Laboratory SMAS Undiksha Singaraja was affected by internal factors and external factor. Internal factors that affect the interest in learning chemistry was curiosity, future goals, motivation, and intelligence mean while external factors affecting was family environment, teachers, peers, and teaching materials.
RESPON SISWA TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Kartini Ketut Sepdyana , Putra I Nyoman Tri Anindia
Published: June 2020

Penelitian sebelumnya telah dikembangkan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis android pada materi Tata Nama IUPAC Senyawa Anorganik, namun belum diketahui respon siswa SMAN 4 Denpasar terhadap media pembelajaran tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon siswa terhadap media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis android di SMAN 4 Denpasar. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik angket. Instrument yang digunakan adalah Beta Test berupa lembar angket respon siswa dengan pertanyaan tertutup dan menggunakan skala Linkert. Hasil penelitian di peroleh berdasarkan hasil angket respon siswa terhadap media pembelajaran berbasis android pada materi tata nama IUPAC senyawa anorganik mendapatkan presentase rata-rata sebesar pada beta test I 76,41 % dengan kategori baik dan hasil angket respon siswa pada beta test II mendapatkan presentase rata-rata sebesar 83,07 % dengan kategori sangat baik.ABSTRACT Previous research has been developed on Android-based interactive learning media on IUPAC Inorganic Compound material, but the response of SMAN 4 Denpasar students to the learning media is unknown. This research aims to determine student’s responses to android-based interactive learning media at SMAN 4 Denpasar. Research using descriptive methods. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire technique. The instrument used was a Beta Test in the form of a student questionnaire response sheet with closed questions and using the Linkert scale. The results of the study were obtained based on the results of student questionnaire responses to the Android-based learning media on the IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic compounds get an average percentage of 76.41% in the beta test I with good categories and the results of the questionnaire responses of students in the beta test II get an average percentage average of 83.07% with a very good category.
The Application of Nanofiltration Membrane for Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment by Adding Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) as Coagulant
Authors: Pinem Jhon Armedi , Tumanggor Imanuel , Saputra Edy
Published: June 2020

The rapid development of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) production has led to an increase in the production of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) as well. POME will cause problems in the environment because contains high contaminants. This study aims to investigate the effect of the coagulant Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) variations and the membrane’s operating pressure on the POME treatment process using the nanofiltration membrane (NF) with the coagulation-flocculation process as pre-treatment. The PAC was used in the coagulation-flocculation process with variations in concentration (5.0; 5.5; 6.0; 6.5; 7.0 g/L). The process was completed by a rapid stirring of 200 rpm for 5 minutes, followed with slow stirring at 60 rpm for 15 minutes and settling time for 30 minutes. The process of membrane nanofiltration was carried out for 60 minutes with variations in operating pressure (8.0; 9.0; and 10 bars). In each treatment process, effluent quality testing was carried out with Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solid (TSS) and oil/fat as parameters. In addition, an analysis of permeate fluxes and rejection of NF membrane was also carried out. The results of the analysis suggested that the best coagulant doses are 6.0 g/L with the reduction percentage of BOD, COD, TSS and oil/fat at 78.85%; 68.57%; 92.77% and 92.31% respectively. The highest percentage of NF membrane rejection was found at a pressure of 10 bar, which is equal to 94.71%; 94.86%; 97.92% and 95% respectively for BOD, COD, TSS and oil/fat with a flux value of 7.16 L/m2.hours.
Synthesis of Heterogeneous Catalysts NaOH/CaO/C From Eggshells for Biodiesel Production Using Off-Grade Palm Oil
Authors: Hawa Karfika Ainil , Helwani Zuchra , Amri Amun
Published: June 2020

A heterogeneous catalyst, such as Calcium Oxide (CaO), is widely used in biodiesel production due to its various advantages over homogeneous ones. The optimum condition for synthesizing this catalyst is determined by calcination temperature and mass ratio. As a result, a modification is required to increase its performance in improving the biodiesel yield. In this study, eggshell waste was modified by calcination, hydration, and dehydration methods integrated with activated carbon and NaOH. It is used as a heterogeneous base catalyst for off-grade palm oil transesterification reactions. The results shows the catalyst with the highest activity is obtained at calcination temperature of 800°c and mass ratio of 7 to 3. This is achieved with transesterification reaction conditions, which include a mole ratio of methanol/oil 6 to 1, catalyst concentration of 6%-b oil, and temperature 70°c for 3 hours, yielding 79.08% of the biodiesel. Additionally, CaO, Na2CO3, and Ca (OH) 2 materials were found in the catalyst with a catalyst alkalinity value of H greater than 9.3 through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Several methyl esters, such as palmitate and oleate were also found in biodiesel through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis.
The Performance and Characterization of Biodegradable Plastic from Tapioca Starch: Effect of Modified Chitosan
Authors: Ernita Lia , Riza Medyan , Syaubari Syaubari
Published: June 2020

The performance and characterization of biodegradable plastic from tapioca starch was studied. Modified the chitosan was one of the ingredients for produce  the biodegradable plastics. The produced biodegradable polastic were thin sheet plastic, elastic and transparent. The biodegradable plastic performance had tensile strength between 2,26-3.73 Mpa, elongation ranges from 17.24 to 76.76%, and water absorption ranges from 30.81-268.9%. In antioxidant analyze, apples are wrapped in plastic and had significant mechanical properties changes on 8th day.Morphology scanning result showed that in the chitosan-polyNIPAM there were no cavities may caused high hydrophilicity in the biodegradable plastic.
Hyvä asuminen muistisairaana
Authors: Rappe Erja , Rajaniemi Jere , Topo Päivi
Published: June 2020

Muistisairaudet muuttavat suhdetta asuinympäristöön ja lisäävät asumiseen liittyvien palveluiden tarvetta. Tarkastelemme esimerkkikohteiden ja asiantuntijahaastattelujen pohjalta muistisairaiden ikäihmisten asumiseen liittyviä tekijöitä ja niiden yhteyttä toisiinsa sekä asukkaiden toimintamahdollisuuksiin. Muistiongelmien koetun vakavuuden yhteyttä toimintamahdollisuuksiin ja tyytyväisyyteen asuinympäristön laatutekijöihin selvitimme Sipoon kunnan asumispalveluiden asiakkaille tehdyn kyselytutkimuksen perusteella. Pääosin laadullisen aineiston jäsennyksen teoreettisena viitekehyksenä käytimme toimijaverkkoteoriaa ja tarjoumateoriaa. Keskeisiksi nousivat tekijät, jotka olivat yhteydessä asukkaiden mahdollisuuksiin vuorovaikutukseen, mielekkääseen tekemiseen ja liikkumiseen sekä omannäköiseen elämään. Siihen, miten asukkaat pystyivät näitä mahdollisuuksia käyttämään, vaikutti asumiseen liittyvien toimijoiden osittain ristiriitaisetkin pyrkimykset. Tuloksia voidaan hyödyntää asumisen kehittämisessä vastaamaan paremmin ikääntyvän väestön tarpeita.
Perdagangan Internasional Sebagai Aspek Kedua dan Ketiga dari Power
Authors: Sunu Anton Pratomo
Published: June 2020

Joseph S. Nye Jr. dalam bukunya “The Future of Power” pada tahun 2007, menjelaskan mengenai 3 aspek dari power. Artikel ini menjelaskan bagaimana institusi dan rejim perdagangan internasional merupakan perwujudan dari aspek kedua dan ketiga dari power menurut Nye. Pelaksanaan perundingan perjanjian perdagangan internasional seringkali membawa kepentingan negara-negara industri maju. Negara-negara berkembang lebih banyak dalam posisi menerima artikel-artikel yang diajukan oleh negara-negara industri maju dalam perundingan. Negara-negara berkembang setelah menyetujui dan meratifikasi perjanjian perdagangan internasional seringkali menjadi memiliki ruang gerak yang dibatasi oleh perjanjian perdagangan internasional tersebut, karena harus memenuhi komitmen yang diberikan dalam perjanjian perdagangan internasional tersebut. Bagian pertama artikel ini akan menjelaskan tiga aspek dari power oleh Nye dengan penekanan pada aspek kedua dan ketiga. Bagian kedua akan dijelaskan bagaimana relasi power dalam perdagangan internasional dan institusi internasional pada umumnya. Pada bagian terakhir akan menjelaskan bagaimana perdagangan internasional merupakan perwujudan aspek kedua dan ketiga dari power. Sehingga negara-negara berkembang harus berhati-hati dalam melakukan perundingan perjanjian kerjasama perdagangan bebas, dan tetap mengutamakan kepentingan nasional tanpa melanggar aturan-aturan internasional yang berlaku.
Editorial
Authors: Redaksi Dewan
Published: June 2020

Pada Volume 2 Nomor 1, Padjir mempersembahkan beberapa artikel yang mengupas masalah power, kebijakan luar negeri, faktor identitas, state-terrorism, kerja sama internasional, desekuritisasi, dan diplomasi digital.
Relationship of Arrhythmogenic Substrate and Frequent Ventricular Extrasystoles in Patients with Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Dietrich Cristiano de Oliveira
Published: June 2020

Cardiomyopathies (CMP) are related with scarring tissue due to fibrotic and disarrangement of myocardial fibers that promote an slowed conduction and substrate for sustained reentrant ventricular arrhythmias. Sometimes, CMP can be associated with ventricular extrasystoles but uncommonly originated from scarring tissue. The case report show a patient with nonischemic CMP, frequents premature ventricular contractions and sustained ventricular tachycardia submitted to catheter ablation.
Funcionalidad familiar y consumo de alcohol en adolescentes
Authors: Romero Pumarrumi Aracely Yoselin
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre funcionalidad familiar y nivel del consumo de alcohol en adolescentes de último año de secundaria en una institución educativa estatal del distrito San Juan de Lurigancho–Lima, Perú 2017.Metodología: Estudio descriptivo correlacional de diseño no experimental y corte transversal, cuya población y muestraestuvo conformada por 90 adolescentes. La técnica utilizada fue la encuesta y como instrumentos dos cuestionarios validados.Resultados: 48.9% (44) presentan familias con disfunción leve y 66.7%(60) de adolescentes presentan bajo riesgo de consumir alcohol. Respecto a la relación de variables tiene una sig=, 018 < 0.05, afirmándose la relación.Conclusiones: Existe relación significativa entre la funcionalidad familiar y consumo de alcohol en adolescentes.
Adolescentes frente a los riesgos en el uso de las TIC
Authors: Orosco Fabian Jhon Richard , Pomasunco Huaytalla Rocío
Published: June 2020

Las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) han impactado en adolescentes de todos los sectores de la sociedad y utilizarlas sin orientación conlleva riesgos. Este estudio evalúa la frecuencia de los riesgos en el uso de las TIC en adolescentes de la región Junín (Perú). La muestra estuvo compuesta por 955 adolescentes con edades comprendidas entre los 13 y 19 años (M = 15.21, DT = 1.07) de diferentes provincias de la región Junín. La selección de participantes atendió al muestreo aleatorio estratificado. Se recogió información a través de un instrumento construido ad hoc. Los resultados muestran que existe diferencia significativa (< .000) en cuanto al conocimiento de riesgos, siendo mayor en mujeres. Los principales riesgos a los que se exponen son: acceso a contenidos inapropiados (46.2%), sexting (24.9%), cyberbullying (20.9%), grooming (20.8%), sexcasting (14.8%) y sextorsión (12.3%). Las diferencias fueron significativas entre la población de varones en la mayoría de los riesgos TIC que se analizaron. Se concluye que los adolescentes de esta región peruana están expuestos a estos riesgos y, por tanto, se debe orientar el uso responsable de las TIC.
A theory of global economic growth in the very long-run: is a grand innovation slowdown inevitable?
Authors: Gomulka Stanislaw
Published: June 2020

The paper shows how the original semi endogenous and balanced growth model of Phelps (1966), and my extended version of it (Gomulka, 1990), could be useful in explaining the key ‘stylized facts’ of global long-term growth so far, and in predicting its dynamics in the future. During the last two centuries the sector of R&D and education, producing qualitative changes, has been expanding in the world’s most developed countries much faster than the sector producing conventional goods. The extended model is used to explore and evaluate. the consequences for the global long-term growth of the end of this unbalanced growth, of the completion of the catching up by most of the world’s less developed countries, and of the expected eventual stabilization of the size of the world population. The theory yields a thesis, new in the literature, that the rate of global per capita GDP growth will eventually return to the historically standard very low level, thus implying that the world’s technological revolution is going to be an innovation super-fluctuation.
Liquidity and solvency of a company and the rate of return – an analysis of the Warsaw Stock Exchange
Authors: Zalewska Justyna , Nehrebecka Natalia
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the article is to analyse the impact of various financial ratios used to evaluate a company’s liquidity and solvency on the rates of return on the shares of companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. In the context of developing countries, the relationship between liquidity and solvency on the one hand and the return on equity on the other is still not clear. Poland is the most economically developed country in Central and Eastern Europe. A thorough analysis is necessary to take appropriate action and introduce adequate regulations in the country, as well as to create the foundation for researching other economies in this region. In addition, this article includes new estimators that have not yet been taken into account but that may affect the rates of return, which will contribute to the literature on the subject and to the development of knowledge on the volatility of returns on shares. In the study, we have calculated the time-varying beta coefficients of the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) model and analysed portfolios based on three liquidity ratios and four solvency ratios, which were computed using the CAPM, Fama–French and Carhart models. The empirical study described in the article focuses on companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange in the period from 1 January 1999 to 30 June 2013. Regressions were estimated by the least-squares method and by quantile regression. Based on the results, it was found that listed companies at risk of bankruptcy are able to meet their short-term liabilities. Liquidity and solvency measured by financial ratios significantly affect the sensitivity of the rate of return on shares to the risk factors expressed in the CAPM, Fama––French and Carhart models.
The Media Welfare State: Why such a concept, what is it used for, does it have a future?
Authors: Enli Gunn , Syvertsen Trine
Published: June 2020

In 2014, Syvertsen, Enli, Mjøs, and Moe authored The Media Welfare State: Nordic Media in a Digital Era to explore the specificities of Nordic media and the analogy between welfare state and media structures. In this short article, we point to how selected works challenge or extend the notions of a media welfare state beyond the original analysis. We begin by placing the work in a tradition of comparative and typology-generating scholarship and point to parallel works emerging at the same time. We then highlight others’ contributions in order to identify tendencies in Nordic media and research. In conclusion, we use examples from current research to argue that changes in the media system may be studied from both the angle of changing media policies and that of changing welfare states.
Under the Influence of Politics: Mediatisation and politico-administrative systems in Scandinavia
Authors: Figenschou Tine Ustad , Fredriksson Magnus , Pallas Josef , Salomonsen Heidi Houlberg
Published: June 2020

This conceptual article extends three ongoing scholarly debates on the mediatisation of politics – the risk of media centrism, the tendency to see mediatisation as a linear process, and the preoccupation with elected officials. We argue for the need to identify, foreground, and systematise non-media dimensions of mediatisation processes. We also argue that actors encounter mediatisation as a set of dynamic ideas rather than a fixed logic. With a focus on government agencies and a comparison of the politico-administrative systems in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, this article gives certain attention to politicisation, autonomy, and accountability and suggests that the degree of freedom granted to agencies in Denmark and Norway is relatively limited compared with agencies in Sweden. Consequently, we present two propositions: 1) agencies in Denmark and Norway are less inclined to mediatise, whereas 2) Swedish government agencies will more likely mediatise and show conformity with widely accepted norms regarding media.
The Community Pharmacy Technician’s Role in the Changing Pharmacy Practice Space
Authors: Taylor Brooke , Mehta Bella
Published: June 2020

Purpose: The practice of pharmacy and role of pharmacists has evolved over the decades but markedly since the introduction of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in 2010. The ACA allowed patients to have increased access to community pharmacy services, such as medication therapy management, leading to an increase in the clinical services provided by pharmacists. This expansion of pharmacist’s roles has led to pharmacists to feel an increase in workload which negatively impacts the time spent with patients. One way for this shift to occur without continuing to increase the pharmacist’s workload is by using technicians as pharmacist extenders to take on more technical tasks.

Summary: The role of pharmacy technicians has been slow to expand from fear of public safety due to the lack of required education and training. Today, state requirements to practice as a pharmacy technician have become stricter with state requiring licensing, registration or certification. This increase in requirements as led to the expansion of pharmacy technician duties. Studies show that pharmacy technicians are able to perform technician accuracy checking, provide immunization and perform Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-waived screenings. In addition to these duties, pharmacy technicians are being utilized in more novel ways such as collecting medication information in primary care and telepharmacy settings.

Conclusion: In order for pharmacy to continue to grow as a profession, pharmacists need to use pharmacy technicians as extenders. As pharmacy technicians begin to take on more of the technical duties, pharmacists are able to increase the time spent with patients.

 

Article Type: Commentary
Experimental study on thermal, rheological and filtration control characteristics of drilling fluids: effect of nanoadditives
Authors: Veisi Erfan , Hajipour Mastaneh , Biniaz Delijani Ebrahim
Published: June 2020

Cooling the drill bit is one of the major functions of drilling fluids, especially in high temperature deep drilling operations. Designing stable drilling fluids with proper thermal properties is a great challenge. Identifying appropriate additives for the drilling fluid can mitigate drill-bit erosion or deformation caused by induced thermal stress. The unique advantages of nanoparticles may enhance thermal characteristics of drilling fluids. The impacts of nanoparticles on the specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, rheological, and filtration control characteristics of water‐based drilling fluids were experimentally investigated and compared in this study. Al2O3, CuO, and Cu nanoparticles were used to prepare the water-based drilling nanofluid samples with various concentrations, using the two-step method. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) were utilized to study the nanoparticle samples. The nanofluids stability and particle size distribution were, furthermore, examined using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The experimental results indicated that thermal and rheological characteristics are enhanced in the presence of nanoparticles. The best enhancement in drilling fluid heat capacity and thermal conductivity was obtained as 15.6% and 12%, respectively by adding 0.9 wt% Cu nanoparticles. Furthermore, significant improvement was observed in the rheological characteristics such as the apparent and plastic viscosities, yield point, and gel strength of the drilling nanofluids compared to the base drilling fluid. Addition of nanoparticles resulted in reduced fluid loss and formation damage. The permeability of filter cakes decreased with increasing the nanoparticles concentration, but no significant effect in filter cake thickness was observed. The results reveal that the application of nanoparticles may reduce drill-bit replacement costs by improving the thermal and drilling fluid rheological characteristics and decrease the formation damage due to mud filtrate invasion.
Ion-Specific Clustering of Metal-Amphiphile Complexes in Rare Earth Separations
Authors: Nayak Srikanth , Lovering Kaitlin , Uysal Ahmet
Published: June 2020

The nanoscale structure of a complex fluid can play a major role in the selective adsorption of ions at the nanometric interfaces, which are crucial in industrial and technological applications. Here we study the effect of anions and lanthanide ions on the nanoscale structure of a complex fluid formed by metal-amphiphile complexes, using small angle X-ray scattering. The nano- and mesoscale structures we observe can be directly connected to preferential transfer of light (La, Nd) or heavy (Er, Lu) lanthanides into the complex fluid from an aqueous solution. While the toluene-based complex fluids containing trioctylmethylammonium-nitrate (TOMA-nitrate) always show the same mesoscale hierarchical structure regardless of lanthanide loading and prefer light lanthanides, those containing TOMA-thiocyanate show an evolution of mesoscale structure as a function of the lanthanide loading and prefer heavy lanthanides. The hierarchical structuring indicates the presence of attractive interactions between ion-amphiphile aggregates, causing them to form clusters. A clustering model, that accounts for the hard sphere repulsions and short-range attractions between the aggregates, has been developed to model the X-ray scattering results. The new model successfully describes the nanoscale structure and helps in understanding the mechanisms responsible for amphiphile assisted ion transport between immiscible liquids. Accordingly, our results imply different mechanisms of lanthanide transport depending on the anion present in the complex fluid and correspond with anion-dependent trends in rare-earth separations.
In-Silico Molecular Docking Show Mitocurcumin can Potentially Block Innate Immune Evasion Mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 and Enhance Viral Load Clearance
Authors: Pal Debojyoti , Checker Rahul , Kutala Vijay , Sandur Santosh
Published: June 2020

In the present work, we have employed a molecular docking approach to study the ability of mitocurcumin (MC), a triphenyl phosphonium conjugated curcumin derivative, to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection. Computational analysis revealed that MC can bind strongly to SARS-CoV-2 ADP Ribose Phosphatase (NSP3) with high binding energy of -10.3 kcal/mol and to SARS-CoV-2 methyltransferase (NSP10-NSP16 complex) with a high binding energy of -10.4 kcal/mol. We found that MC interacts with critical residues of viral NSP3 macro-domain, known to suppress host immune response, through hydrophobic interactions and occupies its active site. Furthermore, MC interacts with the critical residues of NSP10-NSP16 complex, known to prevent innate immune detection of viral mRNA, through hydrophobic and hydrogen bond interaction and occupies the methyl group donor site. MC is also found to bind to main protease of SARS-CoV-2 and may potentially act as an inhibitor of the viral protease. In conclusion, MC can potentially inhibit the activity of multiple SARS-CoV-2 proteins and may accentuate the innate immune system mediated clearance of viral load resulting in improved clinic outcome in COVID-19 patients.
First Fluorescent Acetylspermidine Deacetylation Assay for HDAC10 Identifies Inhibitors of Neuroblastoma Cell Colony Growth That Increase Lysosome Accumulation
Authors: Herp Daniel , Ridinger Johannes , Robaa Dina , Shinsky Stephen A. , Schmidtkunz Karin , Yesiloglu Talha Z. , Bayer Theresa , Sehr Peter , Gunkel Nikolas , Miller Aubry K. , Christianson David W. , Oehme Ina , Sippl Wolfgang , Jung Manfred
Published: June 2020

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are important epigenetic regulators involved in many diseases, esp. cancer. First HDAC inhibitors have been approved for anticancer therapy and many are in clinical trials. Among the 11 zinc-dependent HDACs, HDAC10 has received relatively little attention by drug discovery campaigns, despite its involvement e.g. in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma. This is due in part to a lack of robust enzymatic conversion assays. In contrast to the protein lysine deacetylase and deacylase activity of the other HDAC subtypes, it has recently been shown that HDAC10 has strong preferences for deacetylation of oligoamine substrates like spermine or spermidine. Hence, it also termed a polyamine deacetylase (PDAC). Here, we present the first fluorescent enzymatic conversion assay for HDAC10 using an aminocoumarin labelled acetyl spermidine derivative to measure its PDAC activity, which is suitable for high-throughput screening. Using this assay, we identified potent inhibitors of HDAC10 mediated spermidine deacetylation in-vitro. Among those are potent inhibitors of neuroblastoma colony growth in culture that show accumulation of lysosomes, implicating disturbance of autophagic flux.
A Steady-State Algebraic Model for the Time Course of Covalent Enzyme Inhibition
Authors: Kuzmic Petr
Published: June 2020

This report describes an algebraic equation for the time course of irreversible enzyme inhibition following a two-step mechanism. In the first step, the enzyme and the inhibitor associate reversibly to form a non-covalent complex. In the second step, the noncovalent complex is irreversibly converted to the final covalent conjugate. Importantly, the algebraic derivation was performed under the steady-state approximation. Under the previously invoked rapid-equilibrium approximation [Kitz & Wilson (1962) J. Biol. Chem. 237, 3245] it is by definition assumed that the rate constant for the reversible dissociation of the initial noncovalent complex is very much faster than the rate constant for the irreversible inactivation step. In contrast, the steady-state algebraic equation reported here removes any restrictions on the relative magnitude of microscopic rate constants. The resulting formula was used in heuristic simulations designed to test the performance of the standard rapid-equilibrium kinetic model. The results show that if the inactivation rate constant is significantly higher than the dissociation rate constant, the conventional “kobs” method for evaluating the potency of covalent inhibitors in drug discovery is incapable of correctly distinguishing between the two-step inhibition mechanism and a simpler one-step variant, even for inhibitors that have very high binding affinity in the reversible noncovalent step.
Accessing 1,2-Amino Alcohols and Diols through Photocatalytic Anti-Markovnikov Difunctionalisation of Ene-Carbamates and Enol Ethers
Authors: Waser Jerome , Nicolai Stefano , Amos Stephanie G. E.
Published: June 2020

We report an atom-economical 1,2-oxyalkynylation of ene-carbamates and enol ethers based on the use of Ethynyl BenziodoXolone (EBX) as dual reagents for alkyne and oxygen transfer. The reaction occurs at room temperature under blue LED irradiation using an organic dye as a photocatalyst. A broad variety of 1-alkynyl-1,2-amino-alcohol and 1-alkynyl-1,2-diol scaffolds were obtained in up to 89% yield with anti-Markovnikov regioselectivity. The reaction is speculated to proceed via oxidation of the double bond to give a radical cation intermediate, enabling the selective difunctionalization of electron-rich alkenes.
Multiple sclerosis risk variants regulate gene expression in innate and adaptive immune cells
Authors: Gresle Melissa M , Jordan Margaret A , Stankovich Jim , Spelman Tim , Johnson Laura J , Laverick Louise , Hamlett Alison , Smith Letitia D , Jokubaitis Vilija G , Baker Josephine , Haartsen Jodi , Taylor Bruce , Charlesworth Jac , Bahlo Melanie , Speed Terence P , Brown Matthew A , Field Judith , Baxter Alan G , Butzkueven Helmut
Published: June 2020

At least 200 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. A key function that could mediate SNP-encoded MS risk is their regulatory effects on gene expression. We performed microarrays using RNA extracted from purified immune cell types from 73 untreated MS cases and 97 healthy controls and then performed Cis expression quantitative trait loci mapping studies using additive linear models. We describe MS risk expression quantitative trait loci associations for 129 distinct genes. By extending these models to include an interaction term between genotype and phenotype, we identify MS risk SNPs with opposing effects on gene expression in cases compared with controls, namely, rs2256814MYT1in CD4 cells (q = 0.05) and rs12087340RF00136in monocyte cells (q = 0.04). The rs703842 SNP was also associated with a differential effect size on the expression of theMETTL21Bgene in CD8 cells of MS cases relative to controls (q = 0.03). Our study provides a detailed map of MS risk loci that function by regulating gene expression in cell types relevant to MS.
术前预后营养指数在口腔鳞状细胞癌患者预后价值中的应用
Authors: 波拉提别克 阿依丁 , 居马太 萨肯德克 , 李 林海
Published: June 2020

目的： 回顾性分析 120 例口腔鳞癌患者临床资料及预后、探讨与预后营养指数（PNI）之间的相关性。 方法： 收集 2006 年 1月至 2017 年 8 月就诊于伊犁州友谊医院颌面外科病房的 120 例口腔鳞状细胞癌患者相关病例资料和血清学资料。 结果： PNI和性别、分化程度、大肿瘤大小、和吸烟、饮酒相关性显著，PNI 与 LMR 和 PLR 有相关性显著，CoX 比例风险回归模型单因素分析显示治疗方式、空腹血糖是口腔癌预后较好的正的预测因子，肿物大小、复发、PLR、PNI 为口腔癌预后不佳重要的负预测因子，CoX 比例风险回归模型多因素分析结果显示治疗方式、空腹血糖、肿物大小、PNI 认为是口腔癌预后的独立预测因子。 结论： PNI 可作为一个简单而有价值的预后预测指标，用于预测口腔鳞状细胞癌患者预后评估的指标之一。
妊娠高血压产妇使用抗高血压药物及硫酸镁治疗的疗效评估
Authors: 计 德永
Published: June 2020

目的： 分析妊娠高血压产妇使用抗高血压药物及硫酸镁治疗的疗效。 方法： 选取我院 2018 年 1 月 ~2019 年 11 月期间收治的80 例妊娠高血压患者参与本文实验调查，分为实验组和对照组。对照组采取硝苯地平药物治疗，实验组采取硝苯地平联合硫酸镁治疗，对比两组患者治疗效果。 结果： 收缩压、舒张压指标对比对照组有明显改善，因此患者采取联合治疗后的血压改善情况较好，两组实验结果对比表示有价值、有统计学意义。实验组患者采用联合药物治疗后，妊娠不良反应发生率低于对照组，不同治疗后患者治疗安全性相比有差异则对比有统计学意义。评估了两组患者的炎性因子水平，实验组患者治疗后TNF-α、IL-6、CRP 指标均低于对照组，P < 0.05 表示具有统计学意义，本文实验对比有价值。 结论： 为妊娠高血压患者采取抗高血压药物与硫酸镁联合治疗，能够改善患者的收缩压及舒张压，有利于促进母婴结局，改善患者炎性因子水平，提高患者的治疗效果，促进患者预后效果。
应用品管圈提高日间手术中心护理质量的实践效果评价
Authors: 黄 双凤
Published: June 2020

目的： 分析在日间手术中心开展品管圈对护理质量提升的实践效果。 方法： 选取本院 2017 年 1 月至 2018 年 1 月期间日间手术中心未开展品管圈活动之前接收的患者 40 例作为对照组，另选取 2018 年 2 月至 2019 年 2 月期间开展品管圈活动之后接收的患者 40 例作为试验组，对其实施前后两组护理质量评分、患者对护理方式的满意度进行数据通统计分析。 结果： 试验组护理质量各项评分均高于对照组，组间统计学对比意义存在 P<0.05；试验组护理总满意度 97.50%（ 39/40）例高于对照组护理总满意度 80.00%（ 32/40）例，经过 2 值检验后，组间对比存在统计学意义 P<0.05。由此可见，护理质量的提升与开展品管圈活动密不可分，并且对提升患者护理满意度具有重要应用价值，其实践结果相对甚好。 结论： 开展品管圈提升日间手术中心整体护理质量具有显著实践价值，可有效加强整体手术中心的护理质量，并且患者对其护理满意度也相对较高。
医院应对新型冠状病毒肺炎的策略
Authors: 王 义文
Published: June 2020

2020 年 1 月下旬，新型冠状病毒肺炎来势汹汹。宣城市人民医院作为新型冠状病毒肺炎市级定点救治医院，反应迅速、积极应对，在市防控指挥部的领导下，有序开展各项防控工作。截止 2020 年 4 月 10 日，医院共诊治发热病人 6487 人，发热门诊2146 人，疑似病房确诊 1 人，解除隔离观察 176 人，确诊病房收治确诊病人 5 人，均已治愈出院，疫情防控取得显著成效。
Relationships between wellness status and perceived training load on daily and weekly bases over a basketball season
Authors: Clemente Filipe Manuel , Teles Bredt Sarah Glória , Moreira Praça Gibson , Duarte Emanuel , Mendes Bruno
Published: June 2020

This study aimed to determine the relationships between internal training load (session-RPE) and wellness status (delayed onset muscle soreness – DOMS, stress, fatigue, and sleep quality) on both daily and weekly bases over a basketball season. Fifteen professional basketball players provided their wellness status and perceived training load for all training sessions and matches over a season. Daily correlations were based on the perceived load of a training session/match and the wellness status rated on the following day (before the next session). Weekly correlations were based on the sum of all ratings of the week for each variable. Results showed that DOMS and fatigue presented higher correlations with session-RPE than stress and sleep quality on both daily and weekly analyses. Daily measures presented small-to-moderate correlations between the perceived training load and wellness categories over the months. Weekly correlations increased (moderate-tolarge) for all wellness categories, except for stress. We concluded that DOMS and fatigue are more associated to session-RPE than stress and sleep quality in professional basketball players. Weekly analyses may help coaches to better understand the impact of training load on athletes’ physical wellness (DOMS and fatigue), possibly due to a delayed physiological response to training load.
Pengaruh Lama Ekstraksi Kulit Melinjo Merah (Gnetum gnemon L.) Berbantu Gelombang Ultrasonik Terhadap Yield, Fenolik, Flavonoid, Tanin dan Aktivitas Antioksidan
Authors: Rujiyanti Lisan Mella , Kunarto Bambang , Pratiwi Ery
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui yield, fenolik, flavonoid, tanin dan aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak kulit melinjo merah dengan berbagai lama ekstraksi berbantu gelombang ultrasonik. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi ilmiah kepada masyarakat tentang pemanfaatan ekstraksi kulit melinjo merah berbantu gelombang ultrasonik. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 6 perlakuan dan diulang sebanyak 3 kali, yaitu perlakuan lama ekstraksi 10 menit (P1), perlakuan lama ekstraksi 20 menit (P2), perlakuan lama ekstraksi 30 menit (P3), perlakuan lama ekstraksi 40 menit (P4), perlakuan lama ekstraksi 50 menit (P5), dan perlakuan lama ekstraksi 60 menit (P6). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan ANOVA, dan apabila perbedaan akibat perlakuan dilanjutkan dengan uji wilayah ganda Duncan (DMRT) pada taraf 0,05%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstraksi kulit melinjo merah berbantu gelombang ultrasonik berpengaruh terhadap yield, fenolik, flavonoid, tanin dan aktivitas antioksidan. Untuk mendapatkan yield, fenolik, flavonoid, tanin dan aktivitas antioksidan terbaik adalah pada waktu 30 menit (P3) yang mneghasilkan yield sebesar 17,86%, fenolik 2,74 mg GAE/g, flavonoid 2,30 mg QE/g, tanin 2,92 mg TAE/g, dan aktivitas antioksidan sebesar 74,33%.
Uso de Medicamentos Off Label em Pediatria
Authors: Bastos Sarita Sousa
Published: June 2020

INTRODUÇÃO: A prescrição é uma etapa importante da consulta pediátrica e depende do arsenal farmacoterapêutico disponível. Na prática, as crianças são habitualmente submetidas à terapia com medicamentos estudados apenas em adultos, configurando assim o uso off-label. OBJETIVOS: Analisar a frequência de prescrições de medicamentos off label em enfermaria pediátrica de um hospital –escola referência no Piauí. METODOLOGIA: Estudo observacional e transversal realizado na enfermaria de pediatria clínica de um hospital infantil público referência em Teresina-Piauí no período de junho a julho de 2017. A classificação quanto aos critérios de aprovação da Agência de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa) foi baseada em seu bulário eletrônico e no Dicionário de Especialidades Farmacêuticas (2009). RESULTADOS: Foram analisadas 1.697 prescrições referentes a 93 pacientes. O gênero feminino (51,6%) e a faixa etária de lactentes (30,1%) foram os mais frequentes. Dos 13.276 itens medicamentosos prescritos,  13,7% foram de uso off label. Destes, 65,2% eram manufaturados - adaptados de sólido para líquido no hospital através da equipe de enfermagem – e 16,6% não estavam prescritos na dose correta para faixa etária ou peso. A dipirona foi o fármaco mais prescrito de forma off label (12,7%), seguido pelo montelucaste (11,3%) e omeprazol (10,3%). CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados do presente trabalho confirmam a baixa prevalência do uso off-label em relação a outros estudos, porém com altas taxas de medicamentos manufaturados.