bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caractérisation phénotypique de la race ovine Rembi d’Algérie
Authors: Laoun Abbas , Harkat Sahraoui , Benali Rédha , Yabrir Benalia , Hakem Acème , Ranebi Djamila , Maftah Abderrahmane , Madani Toufik , Da Silva Anne , Lafri Mohamed
Published: May 2017

Le cheptel ovin algérien reste méconnu, malgré son intérêt économique et les qualités très précieuses des races locales qui montrent des adaptations exceptionnelles dans des conditions environnementales extrêmes. La variabilité phénotypique de la Rembi, race algérienne menacée, a été étudiée au moyen d’une analyse discriminante multivariée. L’échantillonnage a pris en considération la diversité des environnements de production présents dans le pays selon les recommandations de la FAO. Au total 722 femelles et 60 mâles ont été phénotypés sur une grande zone incluant le berceau de la race, en utilisant 21 variables quantitatives et 12 variables qualitatives. Les résultats montrent une forte homogénéité phénotypique qui suggère une homogénéité intraraciale au niveau génétique, à confirmer par des analyses moléculaires. En effet, aucune structuration phénotypique n’a été mise en évidence, que ce soit en considérant le statut de la ferme (privée/étatique), la zone climatique (aride/semi-aride/subhumide), la mobilité du troupeau (sédentaire/semi-sédentaire/transhumant) ou encore la variété. Seule la considération du facteur région a permis la mise en évidence de sous-groupes au sein de la race. Les échanges commerciaux, organisés autour de marchés principaux, favorisent les flux d’individus à l’intérieur des différentes régions et semblent responsables d’un modèle phénotypique unique. Ces résultats permettent pour la première fois de caractériser finement la Rembi. Les indices morphologiques la situent notamment parmi les races à viande. Cette étude est la première étape vers la mise en place de programmes de conservation de cette race très menacée par des croisements avec la Ouled-Djellal, la race algérienne dominante.
Effet de la restriction alimentaire quantitative sur les performances de poulets de chair élevés en Tunisie
Authors: Bouallegue Mahdi , Aschi Mohamed S.
Published: May 2017

L’étude a été conduite pour étudier l’effet d’une phase de restriction alimentaire quantitative sur le poids vif du poulet de chair et évaluer les performances de croissance compensatrice. Quatre cents poussins d’un jour (Arbor-Acres) ont été élevés dans quatre parquets de 100 poussins. Ces unités ont été réparties aléatoirement en un lot témoin (T) alimenté ad libitum et trois lots restreints (A, B et C). Les poulets des lots A, B et C ont été limités respectivement à 90, 80 et 70 % de la prise alimentaire ad libitum entre 16 et 23 jours d’âge. Après le 23e jour d’âge, tous les poulets ont été alimentés ad libitum jusqu’à la fin de l’expérimentation (42 jours d’âge). Les résultats ont montré que pendant la phase de restriction, le poids corporel et le gain moyen quotidien ont été significativement différents (p < 0,01) entre les quatre lots et qu’ils ont été plus élevés chez les poulets alimentés ad libitum que chez ceux des lots restreints. Le retard de croissance a été plus prononcé chez les poulets restreints à 70 %. Après le retour à l’alimentation ad libitum, la croissance compensatrice caractérisée par une croissance accélérée a été observée juste après la réalimentation pour les poulets limités à 70 % de la prise ad libitum, à 35 jours d’âge pour ceux ayant subi une restriction moins sévère (90 %), à la dernière semaine d’élevage pour le lot soumis à un niveau de restriction intermédiaire (80 %). L’efficacité alimentaire a été améliorée pour les lots restreints mais le poids corporel final des poulets a été inférieur à celui des poulets du lot alimenté ad libitum. Ainsi, une réduction intermédiaire de la quantité d’aliment consommée (de 20 % pendant huit jours) a permis d’atteindre un poids corporel final acceptable.
Opportunisme et persistance dans la production de lait en Amazonie brésilienne
Authors: De Carvalho Soraya A. , Poccard-Chapuis René , Tourrand Jean-François
Published: May 2017

En Amazonie, la production laitière est considérée comme une opportunité pour améliorer la viabilité des petites fermes du fait de la double fonction (production de lait et de veaux) de cette activité qui est favorisée par le fort potentiel fourrager dû au climat chaud et humide. Mais la production laitière ne dépend pas que du fourrage, la question est plus complexe. Cet article décrit ainsi comment la filière laitière locale et le contexte limitent la productivité et l’innovation dans ce sec­teur. Il esquisse également les possibilités d’évolution à court terme. La méthode mise en oeuvre a combiné trois approches complémentaires afin de mieux comprendre la complexité de la production laitière en Amazonie. Ces approches se sont basées sur a) une typologie des fermes, réalisée à deux périodes différentes, afin d’identifier leurs trajectoires, b) une analyse rétrospective décrivant les changements et les inva­riants des facteurs concernés, et c) une analyse de la filière reposant sur des données secondaires et des informations recueillies auprès d’informateurs-clés. Les résultats obte­nus ont complété l’expertise développée depuis une dizaine d’année par l’équipe de chercheurs concernée. La typologie a révélé les fréquentes et soudaines modifications de la stra­tégie des fermes suivant deux tendances principales, opportu­nisme et persévérance, en lien avec les pratiques d’élevage, notamment la reproduction, l’alimentation et la commercia­lisation des produits laitiers. Cette dernière dépend fortement de la capacité des laiteries locales à établir une relation de confiance avec les éleveurs. Ce partenariat est délicat à mettre en place à cause du contexte local, en particulier du fait des difficultés de transport, de l’accès insuffisant au marché, des normes nationales de production. Ce contexte explique les fréquentes créations et disparitions de laiteries. C’est pourquoi de nombreux éleveurs se concentrent sur la production de veaux et considèrent le lait comme un sous-produit. D’autres, en revanche, souvent pour des raisons culturelles, continuent à produire du lait et des veaux, recherchant des alternatives à la commercialisation du lait. Trois scénarios ont été envisa­gés : a) intensification, b) augmentation de la demande locale, et c) politiques environnementales exigeantes.
Gestion des parcours dans les montagnes du Qilian, plateau tibétain, Chine
Authors: Ding Luming , Qi Xiaojing , Long Ruijun , Yang Tingting , Tourrand Jean-François
Published: May 2017

Dans le passé, les Monts Qilian ont été traversés et peuplés par diverses peuplades d’Asie centrale et du Nord, en parti­culier les Tibétains, les Yugurs, les Mongols et les Hans. En raison de leur haute altitude (en moyenne 3000 m), l’élevage de yacks et de moutons sur parcours y constitue la principale activité. Avant la Révolution chinoise de 1949, la gestion des parcours reposait sur des accords complexes entre les tribus d’éleveurs et les monastères, ces derniers contrôlant le fon­cier. Depuis les années 1950, la collectivisation des terres et des troupeaux a détruit ce système. La dégradation des par­cours s’est aggravée en raison de la concentration des trou­peaux. Au début des années 1980, une politique spécifique, le Household Contract Responsibility System (HCRS) visait à améliorer à la fois les conditions de vie en milieu rural et la gestion des parcours. Basé sur l’action collective impliquant les ménages, la communauté et la gouvernance locale, le HCRS est progressivement devenu le pilier de la gestion ter­ritoriale. Récemment, des mesures complémentaires ont été mises en œuvre pour répondre à la demande locale. Soixante ans après la révolution, les Monts Qilian ont réussi à mettre en place un système agraire efficient du point de vue socio-économique. Cependant, il présente deux faiblesses majeures : la faible durabilité de la gestion des parcours et le peu d’intérêt des jeunes pour le milieu rural. Pour faire face à ces défis et établir des éléments clés pour les décideurs, des scénarios alternatifs de systèmes agricoles ont été élaborés et discutés avec les acteurs locaux afin d’améliorer durablement la gestion des parcours.
The paths to last in pastoral sheep farming in the Cevennes in France
Authors: Dedieu Benoît , Pailleux Jean-Yves
Published: May 2017

In a context of uncertainty of future conditions, which are the sustainable paths? We described the long-term action logics relied upon by the farmers to develop their farms or adapt them to their environment. These logics are based on choices related to increasing the farm size, specializing, the techniques used, marketing, production project debts, and technology incorporation. The data comes from sheep farms in the Cevennes, a pastoral Mediterranean region of Southern France, based on trajectory surveys of families, farming, and sheep management over 30 years (1982–2012). Although sheep farming hardly changed over this period, three different long-term action logics were identified: a clannish logic that gives the opportunity for the children to settle on the farm or nearby; a logic centered on sheep tradition with a focus on increasing the herd size; a multiphase logic, i.e. two or three successive sheep management types or combined household activities are explored. The identified action logics were similar to those described in other studies, except that they did not include logics based on increasing herd productivity by use of technologies, an option too removed from the kind of pastoralism practiced in the Cevennes.
Livestock Farm Networks, a system at the center of French farming development
Authors: Jousseins Carole , Fagon Jocelyn , Belvèze Julien , Servière Gérard
Published: May 2017

The Livestock Farm Networks system is dedicated to the development of her­bivore farming. As the Networks result from the history of French agricultural development, they are found throughout France and are organized at local level. The originality of the system lies in the partnerships between farmers, cham­bers of agriculture and the French Livestock Institute, and in that it uses a global approach to take into account the diversity of livestock farming regions and the study of livestock farming systems. The aim is not to be exhaustive, but to be representative of herbivore farming systems based on the selection of the studied systems. The aim is also to assess the evolution of these systems and to dissemi­nate the benchmarks obtained from the monitoring of 1900 farms by 210 cham­ber-of-agriculture agents, guided by 35 project leaders from the French Livestock Institute, and financed and supported by public authorities and the professional agriculture bodies. The regional and national enhancement of the Networks are aimed at different audiences: farmers, advisers, teachers (for advice or training), individuals or collectives, and local and national decision makers to improve their understanding of livestock farming systems and to measure the impact of new farming policies and lead their implementation. We also show the capac­ity of the Networks to mobilize themselves on emerging themes. Sustainability, competitiveness, working conditions or even environmental issues have been covered by the study fields of the system, well before sustainable development became a central theme. The Networks as a partnership system are sometimes complex to manage and may appear costly, but the strong and well-recognized partnership has made them a valuable resource and ensures their recognition and legitimacy. The variety of farming productions and the heterogeneous nature of the farming systems are good promoters of innovations and enable French agriculture to adapt to new challenges. The Networks not only enable the obser­vation of these evolutions, but they also act as their catalyst and guide, and help disseminate them.
Innovative method to assess the sustainability of pastoral systems in their territories (PSSAF),
Authors: Lambert-Derkimba Adeline , Aubron Claire , Ickowicz Alexandre , Touré Ibra , Moulin Charles-Henri
Published: May 2017

The future of pastoral systems and their interactions with territories are the sub­ject of considerable debate in the scientific literature and are still insufficiently documented. Assessing the sustainability of pastoral systems and their interac­tions with the sustainability of territories is thus a complex task. We proposed in this study a method to assess the sustainability of pastoral systems within their territories. After reviewing the literature, we conducted interviews with pastoralism experts in France and in Africa on the subject of sustainability in general and pastoral systems in particular. We designed our grid according to the principles-criteria-indicators approach and included 10 principles grouped into three major fields: ‘Availability of resources in the territory’, ‘Properties of the system’, and ‘Extended sustainability’. Understanding the strategies used in pastoral systems enabled us to propose a set of specific criteria per principle. Finally, we compared our grid with other methods used to assess sustainability.
Water harvesting model for improved rangeland productivity in Butana, Sudan
Authors: Elfaki Elsadig Ahmed , Saïdi Slim , Adeeb Ali Mohamed , Ickowicz Alexandre
Published: May 2017

The above-ground biomass and floristic composition of Butana rangelands in Sudan were assessed in 2006 with field surveys covering 25 sites. The remote sensing data derived from Spot image for the same period was integrated to the field surveys to map the spatial distribution of biomass production (kg ha-1) using the perpendicular vegetation index. A rainfall map of the region was established from the meteorological data of the season and the digital elevation model. The rain use efficiency factor, which is the quotient of the annual pri­mary production (kg dry matter ha-1) of a season by rainfall (mm) of the same season, was used as a rangeland degradation and desertification indicator in Butana. To test the potential of water harvesting techniques on biomass produc­tion, two seasons’ experiments were conducted (2006 and 2007). Their results were used to simulate the potential of biomass production with water harvest­ing application through a general model that linked remote sensing output, field measurement and water harvesting results.
Anxiety, Family Functioning and Neuroendocrine Biomarkers in Obese Children
Authors: Pinto Inês , Wilkinson Simon , Virella Daniel , Alves Marta , Calhau Conceição , Coelho Rui
Published: May 2017

Introduction: This observational study explores potential links between obese children’s cortisol, and parental mental state, family functioning, and the children’s symptoms of anxiety and depression.Material and Methods: A non-random sample of 104 obese children (55 boys), mean age 10.9 years (standard deviation 1.76), was recruited from a childhood obesity clinic. Obesity was defined as body mass index above the 95th age- and gender-specific percentiles. Neuroendocrine biomarkers were measured. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed with self and parent-reported questionnaires (Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scales; Child Behaviour Checklist). Family functioning was assessed with parent-reported questionnaires (Family Adaptation and Cohesion Scales-III).Results: A significant, negative correlation (rs = -0.779; p = 0.003) between girls’ cortisol and their parents’ anxiety symptoms was found, limited to high functioning families. Boys scored significantly higher than girls on parent-reported internalizing symptoms but not on self-report. No association was found between cortisol in children and parental depressive symptoms.Discussion: Whether the association between cortisol levels in obese children and parental mental health is effectively restricted to girls from high functioning families or is due to study limitations, requires further research. The lack of associations between cortisol in children and parental depressive symptoms, suggests a specific association between cortisol and parental anxiety symptoms.Conclusion: These results highlight the importance of taking into account family functioning, parental mental state and gender, when investigating neuroendocrine biomarkers in obese children associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression.
Surgical Treatment of Rotator Cuff Tears After 65 Years of Age: A Systematic Review
Authors: Silva Bruno Mota , Cartucho António , Sarmento Marco , Moura Nuno
Published: May 2017

Introduction: The objective of this study was to analyze current evidence regarding surgical management of rotator cuff tears in patients of 65 years of age and above. Our hypothesis was that surgical repair of rotator cuff tears, in patients older than 65 years, conveys good outcome scores. We have not found a similar systematic review in current literature.Material and Methods: Medline®, PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials were searched from January 1999 unto December 2015 for studies, regardless of language, including the words ‘rotator cuff’ and ‘65 years’ or ‘70 years’. Inclusion criteria were studies (level I to IV) that reported clinical outcomes in patients older than 65 years, having undertaken surgical repair of a symptomatic rotator cuff tears. Arthroscopic, mini open and open techniques were included. Exclusion criteria were: studies with patients younger than 65 years, studies that did not use validated outcome evaluation scores as primary assessment tools and those with follow up under one year. This work followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses - PRISMA guidelines. Data abstracted included patient demographics, tear pattern, surgical procedures, clinical and repair results. Outcome scores were converted to percentages, allowing comparison of data between studies.Results: After deep analysis, 14 studies met the inclusion criteria: 11 level IV studies, 1 level III study and 2 level II studies. Seven studies found statistically significant outcome improvements between pre and postoperative evaluations. All studies reported good or excellent surgical outcomes.Discussion: Better results would probably be achieved if all studies had rigorous and homogeneous patient selection criteria, but the fact is, that even though this was not the case, the clinical scores remained favorable, and with statistically significant outcome improvement in all studies with prospectively collected data.Conclusion: Based on current literature, rotator cuff repair in patients older than 65 years imparts favorable improvement in clinical outcome scores and overall patient satisfaction.
Geração Y: um estudo sobre suas movimentações, valores e expectativas
Authors: Rudge Marina , Reis Germano Glufke , Nakata Lina , Picchiai Djair
Published: May 2017

Os profissionais da geração Y (nascidos entre 1978 e 1990) ocupam posições importantes em organizações que operam no Brasil. O objetivo foi verificar se  a geração Y permanece menos tempo no emprego na realidade brasileira, e também compreender quais expectativas e valores motivam as suas movimentações. Este estudo adotou uma abordagem metodológica mista, analisando estatisticamente 797 profissionais e conduzindo sete entrevistas em profundidade com executivos da geração Y. Observou-se permanência menor nas empresas por parte da geração Y. Nas entrevistas, verificaram-se as principais influências nas suas movimentações de carreira: oportunidades de crescimento, bom ambiente de trabalho e aspectos emocionais.
Protective Effect of Leaves of Ficus carica Against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatic Damage in Rats
Authors: Manik Sharma  , Abid R  , Younus Ahmad  , Nelofar Ghulam Nabi
Published: May 2017

Fig leaves (Ficus carica Linn.) belonged to the family Moraceae and used as a source of medicines for the ailment of diseases. The present study was conducted to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity against the carbon tetrachloride induced toxic chemical in rats. The petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol extract of Ficus carica leaves was prepared, and evaluated for phytochemical screening. The serum level of glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and bilirubin were investigated for the assessment of hepatoprotective activity of ethyl acetate extract. Additionally, the histological changes in liver were observed. Preliminary phytochemical investigations of the extracts of leaves of Ficus carica revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, glycosides, fats and carbohydrates. Pre-treatment with ethyl acetate extract of Ficus carica led to significant (p<0.05) decrease in serum SGOT, SGPT and bilirubin when compared to control group rats treated CCl4 in dose-dependent manner. The outcomes of histological study revealed that there was significant reversal of histological functional of liver. In conclusion, the findings of this study validated that the Ficus carica can improve CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity.
Endangered Medicinal Plant Psoralea corylifolia: Traditional, Phytochemical, Therapeutic Properties and Micropropagation
Authors: Nelofar Ghulam Nabi  , Mukta Shrivastava
Published: May 2017

Psoralea corylifolia is an endangered and medicinally important plant found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Its medicinal usage is reported in Indian pharmaceutical codex, the Chinese, British and the American pharmacopoeias and in different traditional system of medicines such as Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha. From its traditional uses in health care and food, extensive phytochemical studies have been reported. The present review  reveals that wide ranges of phytochemical constituents have been isolated from the plant and it possesses important activities like antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal anti-inflammatory, antitumor,  hepatoprotective activit, anti-psoriasis, anthelmintic, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory activities anti AIDS etc. Considering data from the literature, it could be demonstrated that Psoralea corylifolia possesses diverse bioactive properties and immense utilization in medicine, health care, cosmetics and as health supplements. As a health food, it is enriched with high therapeutic value with high potential for further development. The present review therefore aims to compile up to date and comprehensive information of Psoralea corylifolia with special emphasis on phytochemical and ethno medicinal uses, scientifically documented pharmacological activities and tissue culture methods for conservation.
The impact of hotel employee satisfaction on hospitability performance
Authors: Laškarin Ažić Marina
Published: May 2017

Purpose − The hospitality industry is characterized by the complexity of managing guest experiences, which forces human resources managers to find new ways of managing relationships with employees and guests. Good relations in an organization (often displayed by organizational culture) are the main incentive for stimulating positive behavior among employees. The purpose of this paper is to examine factors related to employee satisfaction and hospitality in order to understand positive behavior in organizations. Design – Regarding the theory assumptions, the research tests premises about causal relationship between exogenous (3 types of satisfaction inside the organization) and endogenous variables (employee hospitality). Methodology − For the purposes of this paper, quantitative research methods were applied to a sample of 266 questionnaires filled out by the participants of a training program organized by the Association of Employers in Croatian Hospitality (AECH). Firstly, Exploratory Factor Analysis extracts four factors which represent four main latent variables. Results from the EFA are also tested using Confirmatory Factory Analysis. CFA specifies how well measurement variables represent a specific concept. Subsequently, structural equation modelling (SEM) is applied to test the structural connection between concepts and to define which concepts are interconnected in order to help understand the nature of those connections. Findings − this study shows the importance of satisfaction with management relations and coworker relations and their joint influence on overall job satisfaction and hospitality (positive behavior inside the organization) Originality of the research − Findings should be useful for hotel managers who aim to improve their relations with frontline employees and increase productivity.
THE IMPORTANCE OF VILLAGE GOVERNMENT LAW RENEWAL AND ITS IMPLICATIONS TO NAGARI GOVERNANCE IN WEST SUMATERA
Authors: Roza Darmini
Published: May 2017

The establishment of Rural Law is mandated by 1945 Constitution which provides recognition, status, law assurance, diversity, democracy and promote rural indigenous cultural traditions. The imple-mentation of Rural Law has implications towards nagari (village) governance which has to adjust it-self to the system and mechanisms stipulated in the Rural Law. Currently, government and West Su-matera Province regional house of representatives (DPRD) has established Regional Regulation draft on Principles of Nagari administration and waiting for Approval by the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The recognition of nagari as a traditional village and law community unit and the Indigenous communities require legal assurance and rights of origin enforcement as well as its authority in the effort of gov-ernance implementation and community empowerment. Nagari management prospects is West Suma-tera Regional Government agenda to empower villages through village budget aid despite its contro-versy  in terms of maintaining traditional culture of Salingka nagari.Keywords : village, village administration, legal instruments
THE EXISTENCE OF ADAT LAND POST-ENACTMENT OF LAW NUMBER 6 OF 2014 ON VILLAGE
Authors: Hajati Sri , Mochthar Oemar , Winarsi Sri
Published: May 2017

Post-Enactment of Law No. 6 Year 2014 on village, a village is divided into two: villages and adat villages. Adat village may have adat land assets. The law will not be explained in more detail, in addition to the Regulation of the State Minister of Agrarian/Head of National Land Agency No. 5 Year 1999 which was repealed in 2015 resulting in a legal vacuum in the regulation of traditional dispute resolution. This research apllied statute and conceptual approach while the analysis was conducted qualitatively, by pointing to the principles and procedural law as well as analyzing the various factors of social, economic and political process and procedural subtantive resolution of cases. The causal factors do not explain the existence of adat land which is not accommodated by local regulations as an obligation for local governments to undertake research and data collection ulayat lands in their area, as mandated by Law No. 23 Year 2014 which was confirmed by Regulation No. 38 of 2007 and Law No. 6 Year 2014.Keywords: Village Government, Ulayat Land Rights, Society
URGENCY OF INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT ON DRUGS CRIME (A Study in Purbalingga Regency)
Authors: Saefudin Yusuf , Raharjo Agus , Budiono Budiono
Published: May 2017

Various rules are formulated to repress the drug abuser and trafficking, one of which is through integrated assessment. The paper explains the philosophy of integrated assessment and implementation of the integrated assessment in Purbalingga Regency. This research is empirical by applying methods of survey, observation, interview and literature review. Data were collected and analyzed qualitatively by descriptive analysis. Based on the research result, integrated assessment is a mechanism designed to differentiate drug abusers and addicts from drug traffickers and also to make treatment plan for the drug addicts and drug abusers. In Purbalingga, integrated assessment has been implemented since 2015. Yet practically several obstacles are identified including assessment request and assessment result is overdue issued, lack of coordination among Integrated Assessment Team, secretary facilities of Integrated Assessment Team is not adequate, infrastructure of rehabilitation place is limited and the programs of rehabilitation do not procedurally run.Key words: Integrated Assessment, Drugs Crime, Penal Meditation
Gluten Sensitivity Biomarkers in Menière's Disease: Is It a Gluten Related Disorder?
Authors: Di Berardino Federica , Zanetti Diego , Socci Marina , Elli Luca
Published: May 2017

Background: Meniere's disease (MD) has been recently linked to gluten assumption. Approximately 75% of MD patients show positive skin test to food and about 50% of the positive responses are specific to the gliadin acid extract fraction. Aim of this study was to investigate the humoral immune responses to wheat antigens and related autoantigens in MD patients. Methods. We assessed the reactivity of sera from 28 patients with definite MD and 100 healthy controls against a repertoire of 51 antigens usually associated with immune reaction to gluten. Results. MD patients showed an increase of anti-wheat IgA, anti-cerebellar peptide IgA and anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65 IgM compared to healthy controls. In particular, the increase of anti-wheat IgA and GAD 65 IgM has been confirmed in a subgroup of MD patients symptomatically responding to a gluten free diet (GFD). Conclusion. In MD patients, an increase of the antibody production against gluten biomarkers was observed; in particular, anti-wheat IgA seems to be associated to clinical response to GFD.
PIDANA PENJARA DALAM PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM PIDANA INDONESIA
Authors: Kania Dede
Published: May 2017

Abstract

Imprisonment as the main criminal is the most threatened against offenders. Imprisonment in Indonesia criminal law as a legacy of colonial law enforcement. With the development of the concept of criminal theory form retributive to restorative sentencing, imprisonment and the implementation should be reviewed so that can be in accordance with human rights principles. This research examined the imprisonment in the Indonesian criminal law, customary criminal law, and Islamic Penal law, and also the concept of imprisonment renewal in the concept of Criminal Law Code of Indonesia, and then what is the punishment that is accordance with restorative justice theory that can protect the human rights of the convicted person, victims, and society.

Key Word: Imprisonment, human rights, restorative justice.

Abstrak

Pidana penjara sebagai pidana pokok merupakan pidana yang paling banyak diancamkan terhadap pelaku kejahatan. Pemberlakuannya merupakan peninggalan hukum kolonial. Dengan perkembangan pemikiran mengenai konsep pemidanaan dari retributif ke restoratif, pelaksanaan pidana penjara pun harus dikaji ulang sehingga dalam penjatuhan maupun pelaksanaannya dapat sesuai dengan prinsip hak asasi manusia. Penelitian ini mengkaji penerapan pidana penjara dalam hukum pidana Indonesia, hukum pidana adat, dan hukum pidana Islam, serta konsep pembaharuan pidana penjara dalam RKUHP, kemudian bentuk pembaharuan pemidanaan apakah yang sesuai dengan teori restorative justice yang dapat melindungi hak asasi terpidana, korban, dan masyarakat.

Kata Kunci: Pidana penjara, hak asasi manusia, keadilan restoratif
MODEL PENYELESAIAN PERKARA KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS (STUDI KASUS DI KEPOLISIAN DAERAH JAWA TENGAH)
Authors: , Subekti , Primasari Lushiana
Published: May 2017

Abstract

The aim of the study is to determine the model of traffic settlement through a system of criminal law enforcement or mediation as the criteria used when the system through the enforcement of the criminal law or mediation. Judging from the type of sociological research, including research to take place in the Central Java Police Region. The data used in the primary and secondary. As research material is in the police traffic unit and Central Java Police docket of traffic accidents in the Traffic Unit Police Central Java. The results showed that the Central Java Police region in resolving cases of traffic accidents that result in death, serious injury, minor injuries or material losses using models of settlement through legal means, never use mediation. Cases of traffic accidents that resulted in death investigation report regular use, while resulting in serious injury, loss of light and material used rapid investigation report.

Keywords: traffic accident cases, law enforcement, mediation

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model penyelesaian perkara lalu lintas yakni melalui sistem penegakan hukum pidana atau mediasi serta kriteria yang digunakan apabila melalui sistem penegakan hukum pidana atau mediasi. Ditinjau dari jenis penelitian termasuk penelitian hukum sosiologis dengan mengambil lokasi di Kepolisian Daerah Jawa Tengah. Data yang digunakan primer dan sekunder. Sebagai bahan penelitian adalah polisi di Satuan lalu lintas Kepolisian Daerah Jawa Tengah dan berkas perkara kecelakaan lalu lintas yang ada di Satuan Lalu Lintas Kepolisian Daerah Jawa Tengah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kepolisian Daerah Jawa Tengah dalam menyelesaikan perkara kecelakaan lalu lintas yang mengakibatkan meninggal dunia, luka berat, luka ringan maupun kerugian material menggunakan model penyelesaian melalui jalur hukum, tidak pernah menggunakan mediasi. Perkara kecelakaan lalu lintas yang mengakibatkan meninggal dunia digunakan berita acara pemeriksaan biasa, sedangkan yang mengakibatkan luka berat, ringan dan kerugian material digunakan berita acara pemeriksaan cepat.

Kata kunci: perkara kecelakaan lalulintas, penegakan hukum, mediasi
YURISDIKSI PERADILAN TERHADAP PRAJURIT TENTARA NASIONAL INDONESIA SEBAGAI PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA
Authors: Budi Utami Niken Subekti , , Supriyadi
Published: May 2017

Abstract

This research intends to find the answers of two problems. First, the factors that led to the unimplemented jurisdiction of the General Court of the Indonesian Armed Forces (TNI) that perform general crime as mandated by Decree No. VII / MPR / 2000 and Act No. 34 of 2004. Second, the perception of the military conception of justice with jurisdiction over soldiers who committed the crime. This study is a normative- empirical law that uses secondary data and primary data. The data collected by the study of documents and interviews. The data analysis using qualitative methods. The results showed that first the jurisdiction of the General Court of the soldiers who committed the crime can not be implemented because of the general Act No. 31 of 1997 on Military Justice has not been revised by Law Military Justice as new, second that some of the military still wants the soldiers who committed the crime, criminal acts both military and general crime, is in the jurisdiction of Military Justice.

Keywords: Jurisdiction Court, Indonesian Army Forces (TNI)l, Crime.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan jawaban atas dua permasalahan. Pertama, faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan belum diimplementasikannya yurisdiksi Peradilan Umum terhadap prajurit Tentara Nasional Indonesia (TNI) yang melakukan tindak pidana umum sebagaimana diamanatkan oleh Ketetapan MPR Nomor VII/MPR/2000 dan  Undang-Undang Nomor 34 Tahun 2004. Kedua, persepsi kalangan militer mengenai konsepsi peradilan yang berwenang mengadili prajurit TNI yang melakukan tindak pidana. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif-empiris yang menggunakan data sekunder dan data primer. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi dokumen dan wawancara. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pertama yurisdiksi Peradilan Umum terhadap prajurit TNI yang melakukan tindak pidana umum belum dapat diimplementasikan karena Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1997 tentang Peradilan Militer belum direvisi dengan Undang-Undang Peradilan Militer yang baru, kedua bahwa beberapa kalangan militer tetap menghendaki agar prajurit TNI yang melakukan tindak pidana, baik tindak pidana militer maupun tindak pidana umum, berada pada yurisdiksi Peradilan Militer.
Kata Kunci: Yurisdiksi Peradilan, Prajurit TNI, Tindak Pidana
Prevalencia y causas de enfermedades gastrointestinales en niños del estado de Hidalgo, México
Authors: Godínez-Oviedo Angélica
Published: May 2017

Señor editor: Considerando que en México las enfermedades gastrointestinales (EGI) son una de las principales causas de consulta médica y muerte en niños, le presentamos los resultados de una encuesta que permitió determinar la prevalencia y las causas asociadas con este tipo de enfermedades...
Avaliação da intensidade luminosa no desenvolvimento inicial de espécies frutíferas nativas do cerrado
Authors: Dos Santos Graziela Martins , Corrêa de Paiva Julio Cesar Queiroz , Quintão Scalon Silvana De Paula , Mussury Rosilda Mara
Published: May 2017

Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o efeito de vários níveis de luz em diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento na anatomia do limbo foliar de Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg (guavira) e Hancornia speciosa Gomes (mangaba), com vistas a determinar a melhor condição para o crescimento inicial das mudas. Após a coleta, os frutos foram despolpados, e as sementes, selecionadas manualmente e distribuídas em Gerbox, acondicionadas em biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) a 25ºC com fotoperíodo de 16 horas, em que permaneceram por todo o período de germinação. Mais tarde, as plântulas foram transferidas para sacos plásticos contendo terra e areia (1:1) e colocadas em distintos tratamentos de luz. Realizaram-se as análises da anatomia foliar em três épocas de desenvolvimento: 90, 120 e 150 dias depois do transplante. Em cada uma das datas se calcularam o índice estomático e a espessura média da cutícula, da epiderme, do parênquima paliçádico, do parênquima lacunoso e da nervura central. Observou-se que não houve modificação no número de camadas dos tecidos foliares, mas sim na espessura dos tecidos, nas condições testadas, sendo para a guavira e a mangaba a condição de pleno sol e 70% de luz a que apresenta melhor desenvolvimento dos tecidos.
ESBL Production Among E. coli and Klebsiella spp. Causing Urinary Tract Infection: A Hospital Based Study
Authors: Shakya Pooja , Shrestha Dhiraj , Maharjan Elina , Sharma Vijay K. , Paudyal Rabin
Published: May 2017

Introduction:

Increase in extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing microbes in recent years has led to limitations of treatment options. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of ESBL producingE. coliandKlebsiellaspp. at a tertiary hospital in Nepal.

Methods:

A total of 2209 non-repetitive mid-stream urine (MSU) samples were collected during the study period (March to September 2014). Identification of the isolates was done by Gram's staining followed by biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and interpretation was done following Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines, 2013. ESBL screening amongE. coliandKlebsiellaspp. isolates were done using ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefpodoxime. The confirmation was done by phenotypic disc diffusion test (combined disc method) using ceftazidime (30µg) and ceftazidime plus clavulanic acid (30/10µg), and cefotaxime (30µg) and cefotaxime plus clavulanic acid (30/10µg) disc as per CLSI guidelines.

Results:

A total of 451 samples showed significant bacteriuria with 365 (80.9%)E. coli, 17 (3.8%)Klebsiella pneumoniaeand 3 (0.7%)Klebsiella oxytoca. Of 451 isolates, 236 (52.3%) were found MDR strains. By combined disk test, 33 (91.7%)E. coliand 3 (8.3%)Klebsiellaspp. were found ESBL producers.

Conclusion:

Higher prevalence of ESBL producingE. coliandKlebsiellaspp. was observed warranting prompt need of surveillance for effective management of such MDR strains.
Preventing financial statement frauds through better corporate governance
Authors: Magnanelli Barbara Sveva , Pirolo Luca , Nasta Luigi
Published: May 2017

Acting within the agency theory theoretical framework, the paper focuses on the role of the corporate governance as a system to monitor and predict the fraud occurrence and magnitude. Specifically, the study examines the impact of the quality of the corporate governance of the firms, for which a fraud was detected, on the fraud occurrence and magnitude. We posit that fraudulent behaviours, by those who can take advantage of information asymmetry and gain personal benefits from them, can occur when strong agency problems emerge and a weak governance exists. Thus, the financial statement fraud can be seen as the result of high agency problems and high conflicts of interests not solved by the company. Starting from a sample of 101 listed companies, for which a fraud was detected, using a principal component analysis, we develop a corporate governance index, which measures the quality of the governance system of the firms. To test the hypothesis, we run a multinomial logistic regression on a cross-sectional analysis, controlling the results with a matched sample of firms that did not experienced any fraud. Empirical evidences seem to confirm the existence of a negative relationship between the quality of the corporate governance system of a firm and both the financial statement fraud occurrence and magnitude, indicating the governance system of the firm as a fraud deterrent for any amount of financial statement fraud. These findings are even stronger for firms characterized by the presence of a blockholder. This study contributes to the governance literature by focusing on the corporate governance quality and its impact on financial statement frauds. Moreover, the analysis suggests that a good level of governance can help companies to mitigate the agency problems and to detect fraudulent behaviours, thus our empirical evidence can guide regulators in developing regulations to avoid the fraud occurrence.
Mixture Of Probabilistic Factor Analyzers For Market Risk Measurement: Empirical Evidence From The Tunisian Foreign Exchange Market
Authors: Mosbahi Mohamed Nidhal , Saidane Mohamed , Messabeb Sarra
Published: May 2017

In this paper, we propose a new approach for Basel-Compliant Value-at-Risk (VaR) estimation in financial portfolio risk management, which combines Gaussian Mixture Models with probabilistic factor analysis models. This new mixed specification provides an alternative, compact, model to handle co-movements, heterogeneity and intra-frame correlations in financial data. This results in a model which concurrently performs clustering and dimensionality reduction, and can be considered as a reduced dimension mixture of probabilistic factor analyzers. For maximum likelihood estimation we have used an iterative approach based on the Alternating Expectation Conditional Maximization (AECM) algorithm. Using a set of historical data in a rolling time window, from the Tunisian foreign exchange market, the model structure as well as its parameters are determined and estimated. Then, the fitted model combined with a modified Monte-Carlo simulation algorithm was used to predict the VaR. Through a Backtesting analysis, we found that this new specification exhibits a good fit to the data compared to other competing approaches, improves the accuracy of VaR prediction, possesses more flexibility, and can avoid serious violations when a financial crisis occurs.
Desafios do trabalho assistencial espírita: dois modelos de atuação
Authors: Souza André Ricardo de , Simões Pedro
Published: May 2017

O Espiritismo é bastante identificado no Brasil com obras assistenciais, que, por sua vez, exerceram papel importante na legitimação social desta vertente religiosa no século XX. Sociologicamente, elas constituem a materialização do princípio cristão da caridade, considerado doutrinariamente nesse meio como caminho exclusivo para a salvação. A assistência social espírita de maior porte se dá em hospitais psiquiátricos e casas de acolhimento e educação de crianças e jovens vulneráveis e deficientes. Mas ocorre também em muitos centros de culto e estudos, principalmente através da distribuição de cestas básicas e enxovais para recém-nascidos. Este artigo apresenta os resultados de duas pesquisas, sendo a primeira referente aos núcleos espíritas do Estado de Santa Catarina e a segunda sobre cinco instituições assistenciais de grande porte situadas nas cidades de São Paulo, Guarulhos, Salvador, Rio de Janeiro e Niterói.
Analysis of the Communication Area in the National Curriculum Design (DCN)–RM 0440–2008 ED
Authors: Salas Campos Alfonso , Rúnciman Tudela Jorge , Navarro Navarro Bertha , Tacillo Yauli Elvis
Published: May 2017

The purpose of the research was to analyze the area of ​​Communication in the National Curricular Design (DCN) - RM 0440-2008-ED, while at the level of the specific objectives it is proposed to describe the internal sequentiality, analyze with philological criteria the content of the Communication area and propose diversification criteria in addition to developing consistency analysis. It is concluded that it is urgent to modify the current DCN so that its operationalization in the classroom allows the achievement of the planned capabilities. Furthermore, it is necessary to explicitly articulate the capabilities of the literature component, since all forms of language are reflected in it.
Federico Villarreal Villarreal Un hombre de ciencia
Authors: Livia Segovia José
Published: May 2017

Federico Villarreal nació en 1850 en Túcume, distrito creado en 1894 como parte de la provincia de Lambayeque. Habían transcurrido 29 años de la independencia del Perú, una república caracterizada por los golpes de estado, lo que se convirtió en el modus vivendi de la nueva sociedad peruana.(Núñez, s/f). De acuerdo a Basadre (1939), podemos decir que Villarreal nació en el periodo de la “prosperidad falaz”. Por esa época, gobernaba el Perú, Ramón Castilla, quien había iniciado su primer gobierno en 1845. Este gobierno tuvo un significado de estabilidad política, de progreso y “civilización”, unido a los efectos económicos de la exportación del guano (Loayza, 2005), siguió el gobierno de Echenique (1851-1855), el segundo gobierno de Castilla (1855-1862) y muchos periodos de inestabilidad que pusieron en evidencia nuestra desorganización política, crónica de una crisis anunciada, creando las condiciones para la invasión chilena.
Genotoxic analysis of water samples from the Ramis River (Puno Department, Peru) using erythrocytes from the peripheral blood of Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Scotto Carlos , Álvarez Javier , Llanos Carlos , Leyva Omar , Sotomayor Sául , Chávez Karol , Justo Eber , Casso Oliver , Larico César , Mayta Wilmar , Sanga Wilson
Published: May 2017

Mine tailings release various genotoxic compounds into the environment. The surrounding river basins are the most affected, which is why it is important to determine the quality of their waters. The Micronucleus (MN) test quantifies the genotoxic damage produced in the erythrocytes of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) by the action of genotoxic compounds present in the waters of contaminated rivers. Therefore, the present investigation analyzed five points in the Ramis River basin (department of Puno, Peru) using the MN test and Zebrafish as a bioindicator, which were evaluated at 24, 48 and 72 hours of exposure to three different volumes (1X, 1/2X and 1/4X) for each sampled point. Among the most notable results, after 24 hours of exposure, we have the sample taken from the Lunar de Oro lagoon (M5) that was fatal (100%) at 1X; while the sample taken from Pampilla (M4) presented up to 23% MN at 1/2X; and the sample from the Taraco River (M1) presented 12% MN. The analysis after 48 and 72 hours of exposure showed the presence of a maximum of 5% of MN for all samples. With this we can conclude that the MN test serves as a rapid and effective genotoxicity test to determine the water quality of rivers contaminated by mining tailings.