bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Image Watermarking Using Least Significant Bit and Canny Edge Detection
Authors: Faheem Zaid Bin , Ishaq Abid , Rustam Furqan , de la Torre Díez Isabel , Gavilanes Daniel , Vergara Manuel Masias , Ashraf Imran
Published: January 2023

With the advancement in information technology, digital data stealing and duplication have become easier. Over a trillion bytes of data are generated and shared on social media through the internet in a single day, and the authenticity of digital data is currently a major problem. Cryptography and image watermarking are domains that provide multiple security services, such as authenticity, integrity, and privacy. In this paper, a digital image watermarking technique is proposed that employs the least significant bit (LSB) and canny edge detection method. The proposed method provides better security services and it is computationally less expensive, which is the demand of today’s world. The major contribution of this method is to find suitable places for watermarking embedding and provides additional watermark security by scrambling the watermark image. A digital image is divided into non-overlapping blocks, and the gradient is calculated for each block. Then convolution masks are applied to find the gradient direction and magnitude, and non-maximum suppression is applied. Finally, LSB is used to embed the watermark in the hysteresis step. Furthermore, additional security is provided by scrambling the watermark signal using our chaotic substitution box. The proposed technique is more secure because of LSB’s high payload and watermark embedding feature after a canny edge detection filter. The canny edge gradient direction and magnitude find how many bits will be embedded. To test the performance of the proposed technique, several image processing, and geometrical attacks are performed. The proposed method shows high robustness to image processing and geometrical attacks.
Intraprocedure Artificial Intelligence Alert System for Colonoscopy Examination
Authors: Hsu Chen-Ming , Hsu Chien-Chang , Hsu Zhe-Ming , Chen Tsung-Hsing , Kuo Tony
Published: January 2023

Colonoscopy is a valuable tool for preventing and reducing the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer. Although several computer-aided colorectal polyp detection and diagnosis systems have been proposed for clinical application, many remain susceptible to interference problems, including low image clarity, unevenness, and low accuracy for the analysis of dynamic images; these drawbacks affect the robustness and practicality of these systems. This study proposed an intraprocedure alert system for colonoscopy examination developed on the basis of deep learning. The proposed system features blurred image detection, foreign body detection, and polyp detection modules facilitated by convolutional neural networks. The training and validation datasets included high-quality images and low-quality images, including blurred images and those containing folds, fecal matter, and opaque water. For the detection of blurred images and images containing folds, fecal matter, and opaque water, the accuracy rate was 96.2%. Furthermore, the study results indicated a per-polyp detection accuracy of 100% when the system was applied to video images. The recall rates for high-quality image frames and polyp image frames were 95.7% and 92%, respectively. The overall alert accuracy rate and the false-positive rate of low quality for video images obtained through per-frame analysis were 95.3% and 0.18%, respectively. The proposed system can be used to alert colonoscopists to the need to slow their procedural speed or to perform flush or lumen inflation in cases where the colonoscope is being moved too rapidly, where fecal residue is present in the intestinal tract, or where the colon has been inadequately distended.
Evaluation of the Time of Concentration Models for Enhanced Peak Flood Estimation in Arid Regions
Authors: Alamri Nassir , Afolabi Kazir , Ewea Hatem , Elfeki Amro
Published: January 2023

The uncertainties in the time of concentration (Tc) model estimate from contrasting environments constitute a setback, as errors in Tc lead to errors in peak discharge. Analysis of such uncertainties in model prediction in arid watersheds is unavailable. This study tests the performance and variability of Tc model estimates. Further, the probability distribution that best fits observed Tc is determined. Lastly, a new Tc model is proposed, relying on data from arid watersheds. A total of 161 storm events from 19 gauged watersheds in Southwest Saudi Arabia were studied. Several indicators of model performance were applied. The Dooge model showed the best correlation, with r equal to 0.60. The Jung model exhibited the best predictive capability, with normalized Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NNSE) of 0.60, the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) of 4.72 h, and the least underestimation of Tc by 1%. The Kirpich model demonstrated the least overestimation of Tc by 4%. Log-normal distribution best fits the observed Tc variability. The proposed model shows improved performance with r and NNSE of 0.62, RMSE of 4.53 h, and percent bias (PBIAS) of 0.9%. This model offers a useful alternative for Tc estimation in the Saudi arid environment and improves peak flood forecasting.
Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Women in 2022
Authors:   Women Editorial Office
Published: January 2023

High-quality academic publishing is built on rigorous peer review [...]
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KINERJA KEUANGAN SEBELUM DAN SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19 PADA BANK DKI UNIT USAHA SYARIAH
Authors: Waskito Meindro , Hendayana Yayan , Maulana Aris
Published: January 2023

The bank's financial performance is a description of the financial condition of a certain period regarding aspects of fund raising and distribution of funds. With the Covid-19 Pandemic situation, banking financial performance is expected to continue to increase growth and maintain economic stability. Financial performance in this study was measured by ROA (Return on Assets), CAR (Capital Adequacy Ratio), NPF (Non Performing Financing), FDR (Financing to Deposit Ratio). The purpose of the study was to determine differences in the financial performance of DKI Bank Syariah Business Units before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research is a quantitative research. Data collection techniques in the form of library research and documentation, through the official website of the Bank DKI Sharia Business Unit, namely https://bankdki.co.id Data analysis techniques used descriptive analysis, normality test and paired sample t-test and Wilcoxon signed test. rank test which was analyzed using SPSS Software version 25. The results of this study which were analyzed using the paired sample t-test showed that there was no difference in the financial performance of Bank DKI Sharia Business Unit before and during the COVID-19 pandemic condition as measured using ROA ( Return on Assets) obtained a significance value of > 0.05 which is 0.312, NPF (Non Performing Financing) obtained a significance value of > 0.05 which is 0.109, FDR (Financing to Deposit Ratio) obtained a significance value of > 0.05 which is 0.603, for the CAR ratio (Capital Adequacy Ratio) which was analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test also showed that there was no difference in financial performance before and at saaa t the condition of the covid-19 pandemic because it obtained a significance value > 0.05, which is 0.575
Evaluation methods of the technical efficiency of the Siberian Federal District regions using the production possibilities curve
Authors: Mikhalchuk A. A. , Chistyakova N. O. , Akerman E. A. , Tatarnikova V. V,
Published: January 2023

The relevance of the exploration is due to the problem of increasing the regions competitiveness by applying the methods of concept catching up and advancing technological development to assess the regions technical efficiency. A comprehensive approach is used to measure the technical efficiency of the region by various methods (DEA-method and MPI, SFA-method and the Cobb-Douglas production function), extended by cluster and dispersion methods as an analytical tool for designing simulation strategies for the development of regions. The object of the research is the regions of the Siberian Federal District, which differ in scale, economic structure and level of socio-economic development. The results of the research showed the effectiveness of using an integrated approach to measuring technical efficiency to develop simulation strategies for the development of regions.
Statistics as a tool of political activity
Authors: Davletshina L. A. , Karmanov M. V.
Published: January 2023

The concept of political activity is presented, it is determined that this is a special type of social activity, including domestic and foreign policy. The need for statistics for long-term actions, attracting supporters and denouncing opponents within the framework of political activity is revealed. The main techniques of political figures using statistics both to support and to oppose political leaders are described. Such a tool of political activity as digital populism is considered. Being essentially a powerful stream of absolutely inadequate statistical information that does not reflect current realities, it turns out to be to the liking of the electorate.
Methodology of the decision tree for assessing the economic burden in determining the risk factors for disability and mortality in premature babies
Authors: Sultanov B. R. , Bakhitova R. Kh. , Laсhman I. A. , Bryukhanova O. A.
Published: January 2023

The problem of prematurity remains one of the most important in modern neonatology. The article provides an assessment of the economic costs for the care, nursing and rehabilitation of premature babies, and using the machine learning method, the lower limit of the gestational age for nursing and active treatment of this category of children is determined, taking into account the influence of the main risk factors for such outcomes as death and disability. The results obtained will reduce the economic burden of the state on the treatment of infants born with extremely low body weight.
Quelques pistes pour une étude diachronique des titres en français : monsieur, monseigneur, milord
Authors: Lagorgette Dominique
Published: January 2023

Dominique Lagorgette : Elements for the diachronic study of French honorifics : monsieur, monseigneur, milord.

This article focuses on the diachronic study ofthe French series of honorifics composed by the possessive adjective and a title (as in monseigneur). It first questions the morphological regularity ofthe whole series (comparing the masculine forms with the feminine nouns madame and mademoiselle) and their syntactical properties, in particular regarding the adjunction of articles (le monsieur I *la madame). It then concentrates on the masculine series (monsieur, monseigneur and milord) in order to underline how enunciative and pragmatic parameters seem to have govemed its development during the middle ages : our hypothsesis is that the early possibility for those titles of respect (with the article) to show axiological judgements is linked to their use within the curial style and the anaphorical article ledit.
Neural-like growing networks in the development of general intelligence. Neural-like element (P. I)
Authors:   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Yashchenko V.O.
Published: January 2023

The article discusses a new approach to the creation of artificial neurons and neural networks as the means of developing artificial intelligence similar to natural. The article consists of two parts. In the first one, the system of artificial intelligence formation is considered in comparison with the system of natural intelligence formation. Based on the consideration and analysis of the structure and functions of a biological neuron, it was concluded that memory is stored in brain neurons at the molecular level. Information perceived by a person from the moment of his birth and throughout his life is stored in the endoplasmic reticulum of the neuron. There are about 100 billion neurons in the human brain, and each neuron contains millions of ribosomes that synthesize a mediator consisting of about 10,000 molecules. If we assume that one mole-cule corresponds to one unit of information, then human memory is unlimited. In the nerve cell, there is a synthesis of biologically active substances necessary for the analysis and memorizing information. The “factory” for the production of proteins is the endoplasmic reticulum which accumulates millions of ribosomes. One ribosome synthesizes protein at a rate of 15–20 amino acids per second. Considering that the functional structure of ribosomes is similar to the Turing machine, we can conclude that the neuron is an analog multimachine complex – an ultra-fast molecular multimachine supercomputer with an unusually simple analog programming device. An artificial neuron proposed by J. McCulloch and W. Pitts is considered a highly simplified mathematical model of a biological neuron. A maximally approximate analogue of a biological neuron, a neural-like element, is proposed. A description of the neural-like element is given. The process of perception and memorizing information in a neuron-like element is shown in comparison with a similar process in a nerve cell of the brain.
Hopfield neural network as an open dynamic system
Authors:   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,, Reznik O.M.
Published: January 2023

The paper provides an analysis of a Hopfield neural network model from the standpoint of the concept of open dynamic systems (ODS) offered earlier. According to it, the evolution of the universe can be represented as a sequence of stages of the ODS development, during which more and more complex ODSs were formed. Living cells were later formed from them and their further development led to the appearance of humans and their intelligence, the formation of civilization, and the emergence of artificial intelligence. An overview of the provisions of the ODS concept is presented and the stage of the emergence of life as a collective development of ODS in the form of populations of the offspring of the mother cell, that led to the emergence of complex organisms, the nervous system, human, and intelligence as an intangible form of the ODS development, is analyzed in detail. It has been suggested that transforming an inanimate macromolecule of ODS into a living cell is connected with the appearance in its composition of a multistable component like a Hopfield network, whose prototype – spin glass – is a quantum object that existed even before the emergence of life on Earth. To verify it, there has been car-ried out a detailed analysis of the Hopfield network model as a linear manifold stretched over a set of memorized data vectors. New evidence of the network convergence process coinciding is presented, and the source of energy that a living cell requires for reproduction is revealed. In the paper, a structure of a living ODS that is similar to the Hopfield network and supplemented with a reproduction module similar to a DNA molecule is offered. It fully corresponds to the struc-ture of the first bacteria on Earth detected by archaeologists. The results of the study confirm the efficiency of the methods of the ODS concept when studying the dynamics of the develop-ment of systems of different natures, including the latest artificial intelligence systems whose behavior may not be controlled.
Situation centers and the problem of operational management of counteracting emergencies
Authors:   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Yalovets A.L.
Published: January 2023

One of the most pressing issues of our time is the problem of countering emergencies of various origins. In crisis situations, both the ability of critical infrastructure facilities to function and the ability to establish the normal current life in cities and towns of Ukraine and their residents depend on the successful solving of this problem. It, in its turn, directly depends on the quality of solving the problem of operational management of emergency response. One of the possible ways to solve this problem is to automate the processes of planning and operational manage-ment of emergency response using situational centers. These issues are covered in the current article. The definitions of situational centers are given and their purposes and capabilities are characterized. A general overview of the problems of planning and operational management of emergency response is given and it is established that traditional approaches to solving these problems require significant changes. In particular, it has been revealed that action plans are traditionally used to plan emergency response processes, which are text documents containing a regulated sequence of actions to counteract a certain emergency and do not allow for a solution in the event of a change in the current situation that is not provided for in such an action plan. The article substantiates the expediency of using the state space graph to present an action plan for countering emergencies, suggests some approaches to support the processes of operational management of countering emergencies in situational centers using a decision support system, and defines the tasks of further research.
The use of holographic 3D technologies in education
Authors:   State University of Trade and Economics, Tyshchenko I.A.
Published: January 2023

The article considers the aspects of using modern information technologies in the educational process. The results of the use of computer technologies in conveying information to students, the role of the development of information technologies for the educational sphere, as well as the feasibility of using innovative methods in education are analyzed. Holographic 3D showcases and holographic technologies are one of the most innovative devices and technologies for educators. The use of holographic 3D showcases for the reproduction of multimedia presentations and demonstration of objects is a modern and progressive method of presenting educational material. The relevance of the article lies in the argumentation of the use of modern information technologies which facilitate the work of the teacher and increase the capabilities of the devices available in educational institutions. Portability, mobility, and easiness of use are the keys to the successful use of gadgets in educational institutions. The educational process is an integral part of human development. The further interest of the students and the results they will get depend on the method of presenting the information. A review of approaches to conveying information provides an algorithm for the successful presentation of material so that listeners could easily learn it and were interested in it. An important aspect of the educational process is the practical use of skills and the comparison of real objects and tasks with those that were covered in the educational process. The use of holographic models will give an opportunity to create a simulated model of anything, allowing students to understand the material better. The information technologies for the operation of holographic 3D showcases used for modeling tasks and examples are intuitive and optimized for the level of knowledge in IT of the average teacher and lecturer. It allows every teacher to create educational material, lessons, lectures, and practical or laboratory tasks on an ordinary personal computer without any problems. The article also describes the methodology of creating educational materials for a holographic 3D showcase which will optimize the process of developing bulk materials and help to understand better the specific features of the holographic 3D showcase functioning.
Management of geometric parameters of sheets on rolling mills
Authors:   Kyiv Institute of Automation, Hrabovsky H.H. , Ievlev M.H. ,   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the Ukraine National Academy of Science, Moiseienko S.Ye. ,   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: January 2023

The main task of rolling production is to provide rolled products of sufficient quality. Among the primary parameters of metal sheets to be rolled there are their flatness and section. Manag-ing the section and flatness of the strip is a complex problem, and for its solution, there are used not only the tools for automatic control and technical parameters adjustment but also various implementing bodies with which rolling mills are equipped. Nowadays, hydraulic pressure de-vices are widely used in sheet-rolling mills as elements of fast-acting systems of automatic strip thickness adjustment (SAST), as well as systems of section and flatness control. Systems of shaped rolls with their axial deflection in opposite directions are also applied. Using in the sheet-rolling mills the above-mentioned special bodies and systems of control of section and flatness of sheet to be rolled provides the compliance of these parameters with the specified re-quirements. The paper investigates the factors influencing section and flatness of sheets, as well as the described special bodies and systems of control of sheet section and flatness regarding the automated systems of managing technological processes of sheet-rolling mills. In SAST, on heavy-plate mills (HPM) and broadband mills for hot rolling, the principle of maintaining the constancy of the inter-roll gap is used as the main one. SAST can be built based on the princi-ples of relative or absolute adjustment of the strip width described in the paper. The search for a universal enough method of influencing the inter-roll gap shape has led to the creation of a sys-tem of shaped rolls with their axial deflection in opposite directions (continuously adjustable rolling section). Such a system provides a symmetrical change in the section of the inter-roll gap, which is easily adjusted to any rolling apps.
Analysis of zones of heterogeneity (variability) of the agricultural land condition using moni-toring tools and the development of software for its provision
Authors:   Kyiv Cooperative Institute of Business and Law, Brovarets O.O.
Published: January 2023

The existing ways of managing the agrobiological condition of the soil environment and soil sampling using the existing methods do not take into account the variability of their parameters of the agricultural land area. To implement the technology of differentiated introduction of technological material, a simplified method of uniform division of the field surface into equal squares (with areas of mainly 5-15 hectares) is predominantly used for further diagnostics and field management utilizing such differentiation. On the one hand, such a division is caused by the convenience and simplicity of this method and on the other hand, by the lack of reliable operational data about the field and the absence of a tool for dividing the field according to other criteria based on the initial data. The method of the field surface uniform division into equal squares does not take into account the field specifics and zones of heterogeneity and, as a result, there is low reliability of the data obtained using this method, and accordingly, low possibility of using such data for the quality control of technological processes utilizing the technology of technological material differentiated introduction. In some cases, when this method is used, the parameter values of the soil environment will be underestimated while in some others – overestimated within one square. Differentiated management of the technological material introduction rate within a specified square, should be carried out specifically on the basis of the average value of this parameter. Therefore, this method of implementation of technological material differentiated introduction will be ineffective. Under these conditions, it becomes necessary to develop a methodology for the analysis of zones of heterogeneity (variability) of the agricultural land condition using monitoring tools and software for its implementation. Knowing such a method opens up new prospects for running organic farming utilizing such “smart” agricultural machinery.
Natural Morin-Based Metal Organic Framework Nanoenzymes Modulate Articular Cavity Microenvironment to Alleviate Osteoarthritis
Authors: Cai Jinhong , Liu Lian-feng , Qin Zainen , Liu Shuhan , Wang Yonglin , Chen Zhengrong , Yao Yi , Zheng Li , Zhao Jinmin , Gao Ming
Published: January 2023

Osteoarthritis (OA) is always characterized as excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside articular cavity. Mimicking natural metalloenzymes with metal ions as the active centers, stable metal organic framework (MOF) formed by natural polyphenols and metal ions shows great potential in alleviating inflammatory diseases. Herein, a series of novel copper-morin-based MOF (CuMHs) with different molar ratios of Cu
2+
and MH were employed to serve as ROS scavengers for OA therapy. As a result, CuMHs exhibited enhanced dispersion in aqueous solution, improved biocompatibility, and efficient ROS-scavenging ability compared to MH. On the basis of H
2
O
2
-stimulated chondrocytes, intracellular ROS levels were efficiently declined and cell death was prevented after treated by Cu
6
MH (Cu
2+
and MH molar ratio of 6:1). Meanwhile, Cu
6
MH also exhibited efficient antioxidant and anti-inflammation function by down-regulating the expression of IL6, MMP13, and MMP3, and up-regulating cartilage specific gene expression as well. Importantly, Cu
6
MH could repair mitochondrial function by increasing mitochondrial membrane potential, reducing the accumulation of calcium ions, as well as promoting ATP content production. In OA joint model, intra-articular (IA) injected Cu
6
MH suppressed the progression of OA. It endowed that Cu
6
MH might be promising nanoenzymes for the prevention and treatment of various inflammatory diseases.
A Study on the Necessity of Abolition of Exclusive Accusation Rights in Criminal Practice - Focusing on Tax offense case -
Authors:   LAW RESEARCH INSTITUTE CHUNGBUK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Park Jae-Pyoung
Published: January 2023

The accusation is a clue to the investigation, but in some criminal cases, the accusation is a condition of the lawsuit. Such is the case with the complaint system of the Fair Trade Commission and the complaint system of the National Tax Service. Since the recent inauguration of the new government, discussions on drastically revamping or abolishing the exclusive complaint system of administrative agencies have been in full swing.
It seems that the time has come to think about whether to abolish or supplement the exclusive complaint system of the head of the National Tax Service. In the meantime, the exclusive complaint system of the head of the National Tax Service has been exercised abnormally. There are few foreign legislative precedents with an exclusive complaint system.
In the field of taxation, there must be criminal justice. Rather, if the existence of the exclusive complaint system gives preferential treatment unlike ordinary criminals, the exclusive complaint system should be abolished. If the abolition of the exclusive accusation system is too radical, a reform plan that can harmonize with the right to investigate can also be considered. The requirements of the current mandatory complaint system are ambiguous and require revision. Instead, it specifies the case on which a charge must be filed on a formal basis (eg, a case for which a warrant has been requested or issued).
In connection with the use of expert testimony in civil proceedings - Focusing on the analysis of U.S. precedents (Acceptance of Science and Technology Evidence in Civil Procedure) -
Authors:   LAW RESEARCH INSTITUTE CHUNGBUK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Ryu Seunghun
Published: January 2023

Science and law make a big difference in the ultimate goals they pursue. While scientific knowledge seeks a more sophisticated understanding of nature, legal frameworks exist to defend justice, protect the socially disadvantaged, and create a fairer society. These fundamental differences in goals force science and law to have different ethical standards and methodologies.
As science and law exist on different levels, scientific evidence must go through a certain process of ‘acceptance’ in order to use it in court. What does the expert's testimony mean in a lawsuit in the specialized field of science and technology? This requires standards for legal acceptance because the decision of a judge who is a layman in the field of science and technology is likely to easily determine the opinions of experts, which can have a decisive impact on the winning or losing of the lawsuit.
In the United States, in relation to the standard of acceptance of expert testimony in court, the ‘Frye’(1923), the ‘Dauber’ ruling (1993), the ‘Joiner’ ruling(1997) and the ‘Keumho Tire Ltd' ruling (1999). The Federal Rule of
Evidence also sets out the criteria.
If the court establishes a standard for the recognition of expert testimony related to scientific evidence in the field of science and technology, it will greatly help the court determine the facts. In this regard, in the absence of research, the previous standards presented in this study could be a major yardstick for the acceptance of expert testimony on scientific evidence in future civil proceedings.
Based on this need, this study aims to present criteria for acceptance in civil litigation through analysis of relevant laws and precedents, focusing on acceptance of expert testimony in the field of science and technology and to what extent its legal limitations are.
Clarification of consumer concept for consumer protection
Authors:   LAW RESEARCH INSTITUTE CHUNGBUK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Jang Seok Cheon
Published: January 2023

Transactions before modern times were a simple concept of consumption.
It was a society in which the concept of a consumer was not required as a form of purchasing and consuming necessary things through barter. However, through the Industrial Revolution, mass production of products was
carried out, consumption, and surplus products were created, and producers began selling them to earn profits. It appeared in the form of a transaction in which ordinary people purchase necessary items.
And in this process, the concept of consumer appeared. As the industry develops and consumers from consumption are placed in a poor position in relation to businesses, each country enacts consumer protection laws to
correct this.
In Korea, starting with the Consumer Protection Act in 1980 and changing to the Consumer Basic Act, many laws and regulations to protect consumers have been enacted. However, in these laws, the definition of consumer is not clear and various concepts that require interpretation have emerged.
This thesis aims to organize the controversy about the consumer concept that appeared in this process and to make a proposal for rational concept organization through this.
The Ground of Responsibility : A Reason-Based Theory of Responsibility
Authors:   LAW RESEARCH INSTITUTE CHUNGBUK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Lee Younglok
Published: January 2023

In this paper, I starts on the critical basis against both the theory of the possibility of acts other than the actual act presented by the moral theory of responsibility on one hand, and the prevention theory of responsibility on the other hand. The problem of the former is that it is incompatible with the fact of determinism, which we find it difficult to deny empirically, and the problem of the latter is that it denies the responsibility, the affirmation of which is the basic principle of criminal law as well as fundamental moral intuition in our society.
Instead, I argues that the ground of responsibility should be put on reasons for action. My thesis is that one has responsibility for his/her act when he/she has the ability to rationalize an act at the time of the act, but fails to justify his/her reason objectively, even though there is no possibility of another act. the actor can be held responsible for the act. I also tried to explain what is the practical meaning of responsibility in reality.
My thesis implies that determinism and responsibility can be compatible. But according to my thesis, the meanings of determinism and responsibility need to be understood in a weaker sense. In other words, the determinism I have in mind is the thesis that making reasons for an act is non-deterministic, but within too limited range, so that other acts other than the actual act cannot be performed under the circumstances and conditions at the time of the act. And the premise of responsibility in my thesis is not the ability to do acts other than the actual act, but the ability to justify the act by reasons. Although these are revisions of each traditional strong
position, it still has a valid practical meaning in that it is based on our daily experience while preserving the core value of responsibility.
Current status and Cases of Serious Industrial Accidents under the Serious Accidents Punishment Act - Focusing on the Construction Industry -
Authors:   LAW RESEARCH INSTITUTE CHUNGBUK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Choi Mingyu
Published: January 2023

The Serious Accidents Punishment Act was enacted on January 26, 2021, and has been in effect since January 27, 2022. However, for businesses or workplaces with less than 5 full-time workers, the obligations or liability provisions regarding ‘serious industrial accidents’ in this Act do not apply.
The purpose of this Act is to prevent major disasters and protect the lives and bodies of citizens and workers. Serious industrial accidents are industrial accidents defined in Article 2, subparagraph 1 of the Industrial Safety and Health Act, which resulted in the death of one or more people. Therefore, this Act has an important meaning in various issues throughout the industry.
In particular, when this Act is applied to the ‘construction’ industry, its importance is further emphasized.
According to the status of major industrial accidents from 2012 to 2021, there are significantly more deaths in the ‘construction’ industry than in other industries. In other words, by size of construction amount, ‘less than 5 billion won’ is the most, and by type, ‘fall’ is the most common. In addition, cases of various fatal accidents have been reported during the construction and dismantling of buildings and the use of construction equipment. Implications raised to be considered when the current law is applied are as follows: i) Exclusion of application to small and medium-sized enterprises, etc., ii) Ambiguity of the responsibility of the person in charge of management, iii) Necessity of discussion on the meaning of practical governance, operation and management. In this regard, amendment bills have been proposed to the National Assembly of the Republic of Korea and are currently under review.
Therefore, at the actual construction site, the CEO/CSO or manager must thoroughly check whether the laws and regulations are observed and take necessary measures so that safety measures can be clearly implemented. In the construction industry, serious industrial accidents should be drastically reduced and safety culture should be properly established through communication and opinions of related parties to improve the problems of the current laws and regulations.
Price Personalization
Authors:   LAW RESEARCH INSTITUTE CHUNGBUK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Kim Chin-Woo
Published: January 2023

Product prices are now one of the many areas of our daily life in which artificial intelligence is becoming increasingly important. Digitization, especially online trading, opens up completely new possibilities and gives price adjustments a big boost in various ways. Thanks to their computing speed, algorithms can not only change and vary prices very quickly. Their enormous capacities for collecting and processing information even make it possible to include consumer data in the price calculation and thus adjust prices individually. Although we have become accustomed to uniform prices, the price has never been a purely static construct. Fluctuating prices are not a new phenomenon. Pricing freedom prevails within the framework of private autonomy. The aim of this paper is to examine how Korean law can respond to the new challenges posed by algorithmic price diversity. The law currently seems to offer little help against the currently existing lack of transparency in relation to the pricing process, which can go hand in hand with automated price individualization. So far, there are no legal regulations for disclosing how prices are determined. A central concern when dealing with individualized prices concerns the existence of information asymmetries and the (in)transparency of pricing strategies.
Mechanical Thrombectomy in Ischemic Stroke: Current State of the Problem. Literature Review
Authors: С.Д. Кулеш, , Л.Ф. Васильчук, , П.Г. Хоперский, , А.С. Мальевская,
Published: January 2023

Механическая тромбэктомия является эффективным методом лечения ишемического инсульта. Многочисленные исследования, проведенные за последние годы, подтвердили ее безопасность и эффективность при лечении пациентов с окклюзией крупных сосудов переднего отдела кровообращения в течение 24 часов от начала инсульта. В 2015 году несколько крупных исследований (MR CLEAN, ESCAPE, SWIFT PRIME, REVASCAT и EXTEND IA) установили превосходство механической эндоваскулярной тромбэктомии над медикаментозным лечением инсультов. В этих испытаниях пациентов отбирали на основании локализации окклюзии (проксимальная передняя окклюзия: внутренняя сонная или средняя мозговая артерия), времени от начала инсульта (раннее окно до 6 часов) и приемлемой тяжести инфаркта (совокупный балл по шкале инсультной программы Альберты (ASPECTS) ≥6 или объем инфаркта <50 мл). Последующие испытания DAWN и DEFUSE 3 успешно расширили временное окно до 24 часов у надлежащим образом отобранных пациентов. Эти данные учтены в международных и национальных рекомендациях по ведению инсульта.

Mechanical thrombectomy is an effective treatment for ischemic stroke. Numerous studies conducted in recent years have confirmed its safety and efficacy in the treatment of patients with occlusion of large vessels of the anterior circulation within 24 hours from the onset of a stroke. In 2015, several large studies (MR CLEAN, ESCAPE, SWIFT PRIME, REVASCAT and EXTEND IA) established the superiority of mechanical endovascular thrombectomy over medical treatment of stroke. In these trials, patients were selected based on the location of the occlusion (proximal anterior occlusion: internal carotid or middle cerebral artery), time from onset of stroke (early window up to 6 hours), and acceptable infarct severity (Alberta Stroke Program (ASPECTS) cumulative score ≥6 or infarct volume <50 ml). Subsequent trials of DAWN and DEFUSE 3 successfully extended the time window to 24 hours in appropriately selected patients. These data are taken into account in international and national guidelines for the management of stroke.
Modern View on the Problem of Diagnosis and Treatment of Vestibular Migraine
Authors: И.П. Марьенко,
Published: January 2023

Головокружение и головная боль являются одними из самых распространенных жалоб в практике врачей различных специальностей. МКГБ-3, 2018 г., выделяет А1.6.6 Вестибулярную мигрень и эпизодические синдромы, которые могут быть связаны с мигренью. Патофизиология головокружения представлена дисфункцией вестибулярной и слуховой коры, вовлечением в процесс распространяющейся корковой депрессии вестибулярных ядер, тригеминальной системы и таламокортикальных путей, структур внутреннего уха.Представлен дифференциальный диагноз вестибулярной мигрени с заболеваниями внутреннего уха. Купируют вестибулярную мигрень противомигренозными средствами и вестибулярными супрессантами. Профилактическая терапия включает антидепрессанты и антиконвульсанты, вестибулярную реабилитацию и психотерапию.

Vertigo and headache are the most common complaints in the doctors practice of various specialties. ICHA-3, 2018 identifies 1.6.6 vestibular migraine and episodic syndromes that may be associated with migraine. The pathophysiology of vertigo is represented by dysfunction of the vestibular and auditory cortex, involvement in the process of spreading cortical depression of the vestibular nuclei, trigeminal system and thalamocortical pathways, structures of the inner ear. The differential diagnosis of vestibular migraine with diseases of the inner ear is presented. Vestibular migraine is stopped with antimigrainous agents and vestibular suppressants. Preventive therapy includes antidepressants and anticonvulsants, vestibular rehabilitation and psychotherapy.
Therapeutic and Diagnostic Sequence Using Acupressure and APP Therapy for the Relief of Myofascial Facial Pain. Case Report
Authors: С.А. Лихачев, , С.А. Миронов,
Published: January 2023

Миофасциальный болевой синдром (МФБС) – один из самых частых видов соматогенной боли. Опираясь на анамнез, жалобы и неврологический осмотр, зачастую сложно дифференцировать данный вид боли и схожую боль, которая сопровождает другие заболевания. Основной отличительной чертой МФБС является наличие триггерных точек, раздражая которые мы вызываем воспроизведение знакомой пациенту боли. МФБС возникает не только в крупных мышцах человека, таких как мышцы туловища, верхних и нижних конечностей, но и в небольших мышцах, таких как мышцы лица, кистей, стоп и др. Формирование триггерных точек в мышцах лица приводит к возникновению выраженных головных и лицевых болей, которые не реагируют на классические методы лечения. В статье авторы представили клинический случай миофасциальной лицевой боли, результаты лечения и наблюдения за данной пациенткой.

Myofascial pain syndrome (MFPS) is one of the most common types of somatogenic pain. Based on the anamnesis, complaints and neurological examination, it is often difficult to differentiate this type of pain from similar pain that accompanies other diseases. The main distinguishing feature of MFPS is the presence of trigger points, irritating which we cause the reproduction of pain familiar to the patient. MFPS occurs not only in large human muscles, such as the muscles of the trunk, upper and lower extremities, but also in small muscles, such as the muscles of the face, hands, feet, etc. The formation of trigger points in the muscles of the face leads to severe headaches and facial pains that do not respond to classical methods of treatment. In the article, the authors presented a clinical case of myofascial facial pain, the results of treatment and observation of this patient.
Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Pathogenic Mutations in the SOD1 Gene): Own Clinical Observations
Authors: Ю.Н. Рушкевич, , Е.В. Мальгина, , А.А. Гусина, , О.В. Галиевская, , О.В. Переверзева, , Н.А. Кабирова, , Т.В. Корбут, , С.А. Лихачев,
Published: January 2023

Мутации в гене супероксиддисмутазы 1 (SOD1) связаны с боковым амиотрофическим склерозом (БАС) – нейродегенеративным заболеванием, преимущественно поражающим верхние и нижние двигательные нейроны, характеризующимся неуклонным прогрессированием и развитием мышечных атрофий, спастичности, пирамидных знаков. На сегодняшний день описано более 180 различных мутаций гена SOD1, включая точечные мутации, делеции и инсерции по пяти экзонам гена SOD1. Большинство мутаций наследуется по аутосомно-доминантному типу. Семейный БАС выявляется у каждого 10-го пациента, то есть в 10% случаев. Мутация в гене SOD1 ассоциирована с более ранним (до 40 лет) дебютом БАС, а также с его более быстрой и агрессивной прогрессией, приводя в конечном итоге к гибели пациентов, чаще от дыхательной недостаточности. Медико-генетическое исследование БАС имеет большое значение для понимания сложных патогенетических механизмов, ведущих к дегенерации двигательных нейронов. В настоящем исследовании мы представляем описание собственных клинических генетически подтвержденных случаев бокового амиотрофического склероза с гетерозиготной мутацией в гене SOD1 для демонстрации особенностей клинической картины и наследственного анамнеза наших пациентов.

Mutations in the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene are associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a neurodegenerative disease predominantly affecting upper and lower motor neurons, characterized by steady progression and development of muscle atrophy, spasticity and pyramidal signs. To date, more than 180 different mutations of the SOD1 gene have been proposed, including point mutations, deletions, and insertions in five exons of the SOD1 gene. Most mutations are inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Familial ALS is detected in every 10 patients, that is, in 10% of cases. A mutation in the SOD1 gene is associated with an earlier (up to 40 years) onset of ALS, as well as with its more rapid and aggressive progression, leading to the development most often in observable patients, most often from respiratory failure. Medical genetic study of ALS is important for studying the complex pathogenetic mechanisms associated with motor neuron degeneration. In this study we present our own clinical descriptions of genetically confirmed cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with a heterozygous mutation in the SOD1 gene to demonstrate the features of the clinical picture and hereditary history of our patients.
FLUID ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION DESIGN OF SPRAYING PIPE OF INTEGRATED PUMPING AND DISCHARGING FERTILIZER TRUCK
Authors: BIAN Bingchuan , SONG Tao
Published: January 2023

According to the flow calculation, the basic structure of the sprinkler pipe of the integrated suction and drainage fertilizer truck was designed. Based on the 3D CAD / CAE Software SolidWorks / flow simulation platform, the structural models of three kinds of sprinkler pipes with different layout forms of outlet pipes were established, and the fluid analysis was carried out. According to the distribution of pressure, velocity and flow trace number in the tube, the optimal structure was obtained.
ENERGY CONSUMPTION EVALUATION OF ROTARY TILLER USING DYNAMIC MODELLING
Authors: TOLVALY-ROȘCA Ferenc , FORGÓ Zontán , PÁSZTOR Judit
Published: January 2023

Tillage is the most energy-intensive soil operation. In the actual energy situation is important to explore and analyze the physical laws of soil cultivation processes, that demand large energy quantities, at the border of technical- and agricultural sciences. We studied the physical phenomenon’s occurring during the work with a rotary tiller and approximated the energy requirements with a computer simulation using Matlab Simulink environment. The model used was a simplified solid model of an FPP-1,3 type rotary tiller, used previously in real experiments to determine fuel consumption at various working parameters. The results obtained with the dynamic simulation were compared with the real measurements.