bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türk Savunma Sanayi’nde Yaşanan Gelişmelerin Posta Pulları Üzerinden Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AYCİL Serkan
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışma, Türk Savunma Sanayi’nde yaşanan gelişmeleri, posta pulları üzerinden sentezleyerek sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu nedenle çalışmada deniz, kara ve hava araçlarını konu alan on bir farklı görsele yer verilmektedir. Görsellerin tür dağılımına bakıldığında kara aracı: Ana Muhabere Tankı (Altay), deniz araçları: Osmanlı Kalyonları, TCG Gemlik, Denizaltı Savunma Harbi ve Karakol Gemisi (MİLGEM). Hava araçları ise: Bleriot Keşif Uçağı, F-104 Jet Uçağı, Türk Havacılık ve Uzay Sanayi başlıklı tasarım, Taarruz ve Taktik Keşif Helikopteri (Atak), Yeni Nesil Temel Eğitim Uçağı (Hürkuş), İnsansız Hava Aracı Anka ve Bayraktar’dan oluşmaktadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi üzerinden ilerletilmiş olan bu çalışmanın esasını yazılı ve görsel kaynaklar oluşturmaktadır. Yazılı kaynaklar, savunma sanayinde yaşanan gelişmeler ve bu alanda yayımlanmış olan istatistiki veriler ekseninde, görsel kaynaklar ise 1965-2017 yılları arasında Posta ve Telgraf Teşkilatı AŞ tarafından tedavüle çıkartılan posta pulları üzerinden şekillenmiştir. Bulgular; savunma sanayi yatırımları karşılığında Türkiye’nin yerli imkânlarla imal ettiği İHA teknolojisinin 2020 yılı itibarıyla 308 adedi aştığı, 2017’de ilk ihracatı gerçekleşen dört farklı modeldeki İHA teknolojisinin şu an için 7 ülkeye transferinin sağlandığı. 2022 yılı deniz, kara ve hava (askeri ve sivil) savunma sanayi yatırımları ihracat rakamının 3.188 milyon doları aştığı, alınan sipariş rakamının ise cari 8.797 milyon dolar civarında seyrettiği görülmektedir. Çalışmanın sonucunda; envantere kayıtlı bulunan ve Türk Savunma Sanayi’si açısından birer somut göstergeye dönüşen savunma teknolojisinin, yakın gelecekte uydu sistemleri ile entegre edileceği ve mevcut döngünün tamamlanacağı çıkarımında bulunulmaktadır.
Sanattan Sanat Üretimi ve Takı Sanatına Yansımaları
Authors: ZORLU İzzet , YEŞİLMEN Nesrin
Published: December 2022

Uyarlama teriminin daha çok edebiyat, tiyatro ve sinema sanat dalları ile doğrudan ilintili olduğu söylenebilir. Bu terim asıl ait olduğu sanat dallarında, birbirine adapte edilmiş ve bir ahenk ile dengeli bir şekilde birbirine uydurulmuş yazınları ve performansları karşılamaktadır. Başka disiplinlerde de karşılaşılan uyarlama olgusu plastik ve geleneksel sanatların neredeyse tamamında sanatsal üretimlerin konusu olabilmektedir. Böyle bir tablonun oluşmasında sanatsal üretimlere aracılık edecek birtakım harekete geçirici dürtülerin sanatçı tarafından araştırılması/kurcalanması kuşkusuz önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Son yıllarda lisansüstü eğitim programlarında oldukça fazla görülen disiplinler arası ve multidisipliner yaklaşımların mevcudiyeti, aslında bir şekilde sanat dalları arasında uyarlamaları teşvik ettiği, ortak çalışma alanları oluşturduğu sonucunu doğurmaktadır. Bu alanla ilgili olarak üretim yapmadan önce kavramsal olarak bu terimin doğru yere oturtulması gerekmektedir çünkü ilham (esin), öykünme (taklit), kopya, yorumlama, aktarım ve analoji sanatsal üretimler yorumlanırken sıklıkla kullanılan terimlerdir. Hangi isimlendirmenin tercih edildiğinden bağımsız olarak, bu alandaki tüm eylemler sanattan sanat yapma yöntemi olarak kabul edilebilir. Bir romanın tiyatro veya sinemaya uyarlanması zaten bilinen ve göz önünde olan bir sanatsal üretimdir. Bunun yanı sıra plastik ve geleneksel sanatların birçoğunda olduğu gibi takı sanatı alanında da bazı uyarlamalar tespit edilmiştir. Bu uyarlamalarda neyin nasıl adapte edildiği analiz edilecektir. Araştırmanın sonunda ise sanatta uyarlama temasına uygun farklı sanat dallarından takı sanatına uyarlamalar yapılacaktır. Araştırmanın çerçevesini sırasıyla, uyarlamanın düşünce sistematiği yani kuramsal çerçeve, mevcut eserlere ait veri toplama ve gözlem, son olarak da geleneksel üretim teknikleri kullanılarak sanatsal çıktılar (takı formları) elde edilecektir. Metodolojik olarak bu çalışma betimsel modele dayalı nitel bir araştırma örneğidir.
İtalya’da Quattrocento Dönemi Resim Sanatı Sorunları ve Çözümleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: ÜLGER Kani
Published: December 2022

Resim sanatı tarih boyunca önemli sanatsal sorunlarla karşılaşmış, bunları çözdüğü oranda gelişmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Ortaçağ’dan Rönesans’a kadar olan tarihsel süreçte, Quattrocento adı verilen dönemde resim sanatında figür, hacim, kompozisyon, ışık-renk ve doğanın yansıtılması gibi önemli sanatsal sorunlar ve bunlara ilişkin geliştirilen çözümler, kronolojik olarak sanatçı-eser odağında araştırılmıştır. Bu sorunlara getirilen çözümlerden biri olan perspektif tekniğinin resim sanatında kullanılmasıyla birlikte kompozisyon sorunu ortaya çıkmış, bu sorun çözülürken de başka sorunlara zemin hazırlamıştır. Dolayısıyla, bu çalışmanın araştırma sorusu şöyle belirlenmiştir: “Quattrocento Dönemi’nde resim sanatında karşılaşılan sorunlar ile bu sorunlara getirilen çözümler nelerdir?” Nitel araştırma yönteminde, doküman analiz tekniğinde gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada araştırma sorusu doğrultusunda ulaşılan kaynaklar gözden geçirilerek, elde edilen veriler tarihsel kronolojiye uygun olarak analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, Quattrocento dönemi İtalyan ressamların resim sanatında iki boyutluluk ve kompozisyon olarak iki önemli sorunla karşılaştığı ortaya konulmuştur. Diğer bulgular ise, tarihsel kronolojiye uygun olarak şöyledir: Ortaçağ resim geleneğinden kopuş Cimabue ve Giotto ile başlamasıyla birlikte sorunlar ortaya çıkmış, Masaccio’nun bilimsel perspektif tekniği resme uygulamasıyla çözüm arayışı devam etmiş ve Leonardo da Vinci tarafından geliştirilen sfumato boyama tekniğiyle birlikte resim sanatının önemli sorunlarına çözümler geliştirilmiştir. Ayrıca bu çalışmada Quattrocento sanatsal sorunların çözümü diğer bir sorunun temelini oluşturduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda, Quattrocento Dönem İtalya’sında resim sanatının temel sorunlarına kalıcı çözümler getirilerek, Avrupa yağlı boya resim geleneğinin yüzyıllar boyunca bu çözümler üzerine temellenip, pek çok eser üretebildiği ve bu dönem anlaşılmadan ne Avrupa resim sanatının ne de resim sanatının nesnel değerlendirilmesinin mümkün olamayacağı yargısına ulaşılmıştır.
Nesnelerin İnterneti Eğitiminde Proje Tabanlı Öğrenme Yaklaşımının Öğrencilerin Eğitsel Çıktılarına Etkisi
Authors: OCAK Mehmet , ÖZGÜL Emre
Published: December 2022

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Nesnelerin İnterneti (IoT) eğitiminde proje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımının öğrencilerin akademik başarı ve motivasyonlarına etkilerini ve proje geliştirme sürecine yönelik görüşlerini incelemektedir. Çalışma, 2021-2022 öğretim yılı Güz döneminde Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi Sürekli Eğitim Merkezine (ZBEÜSEM) bağlı özel bir kurs kapsamında 8 haftada gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu ilgili üniversitenin mühendislik fakültesinin farklı bölümlerinde öğrenim gören 83 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırmada karma araştırma yöntemlerinden yakınsayan paralel desen kullanılmış olup nicel boyutunda öntest, sontest ve kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desenden, nitel boyutunda ise durum çalışması deseninden yararlanılmıştır. Nesnelerin İnterneti eğitiminde dersler, deney grubunda proje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımına göre yürütülürken kontrol grubunda ise geleneksel öğretim yöntemi ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada veri toplama araçları olarak birden fazla ölçme aracı kullanılarak geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları desteklenmeye çalışmıştır. Nicel verilerin analizinde bağımsız örneklem t-testi ve kovaryans analizi kullanılırken, nitel veriler içerik analizine göre analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizi sonucunda grupların öntest puanları arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmazken, sontest puanları arasında ise proje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımının uygulandığı deney grubu lehine anlamlı bir farkın ortaya çıktığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca deney grubu öğrencilerinin eğitim sonunda hazırlamış oldukları bağımsız proje çalışmalarının sayıca ve nitelik olarak kontrol grubuna göre daha üstün oldukları görülmüş, motivasyon düzeyleri bakımından ise her iki grup arasında anlamlı bir farklılığın olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Deney grubu öğrencileri ile gerçekleştirilen görüşmelere göre eğitim ve proje geliştirme süreçlerine yönelik oluşturulan temalar çalışmanın ilgili bölümü içerisinde paylaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: IoT, Nesnelerin İnterneti, Nesnelerin İnterneti Eğitimi, Proje Tabanlı Öğrenme.
نقش طریقت نقشبندیه در تکوین نهضت بارزان
Authors: HAJİTAGHİ Mohammad , AHMADİ Behzad
Published: December 2022

تصوف در کُردستان را می‌توان در ورای نگاه روحانیت فردگرا سنجید، زیراکه طریقت نقشبندیه یک پدیده اجتماعی نیز هست، کارکردهای سیاسی آن هویداست و با اقتصاد هم رابطه تنگاتنگ داشته است. جنبش‌های سیاسی از تکیه و خانقاه عبور کرد و شیوخِ طریقت، رهبر و پشتیبان آن شدند. پرداختن به این سئوال که شیوخِ طریقت نقشبندیه به چه طریق، از ظرفیت خود در موزائیک سیاسی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی کُردستان بهره گرفتند و آنرا به یک جنبش سیاسی در نهضت بارزان تبدیل کردند، محور بحث این نوشتار است. این نوشتار به روش توصیفی ـ تحلیلی تلاش خواهد کرد با نمایاندن گزارشی تاریخی، لایه‌ها و ابعاد اجتماعی، فرهنگی، فکری، سیاسی و اقتصادی طریقت نقشبندیه در شکل‌گیری نهضت مشایخ بارزان را واکاوی نماید.
نقد و بررسی برخی پژوهشهای زبانی نیم سدۀ اخیر درباره زبان کردی با تأکید بر گورانی/هورامی
Authors: MOHAMMADİ Zohreh
Published: December 2022

در طول قرن گدشته برخی زبان شناسان غربی مانند مکنزی زبان بخشهایی از مردم کردستان مانند کندوله¬ای در شمال غربی کرمانشاه، باجلانی در اطراف سرپل¬زهاب ، ماچو درقصر¬شیرین و گرمیان، گویش شبک، صارلی و باجوران در موصل، زازا در برخی استان¬های جنوب شرق ترکیه و هورامانی در استان¬های کرمانشاه و کردستان را به نام گورانی و مستقل از زبان کردی معرفی کردند. مسٲله اصلی این پژوهش آن است که دیدگاه مکنزی و زبان شناسان غربی پیرو او تا جه اندازه بر نویسندگان و زبان شناسان متخصص کرد تٲثیر گذاشته است. آیا زبان شناسان کرد همانند بیشتر زبان شناسان غربی و ایرانی دیدگاه او را پذیرفته اند یا به نقد آنها پرداخته اند؟ کدام یک از دیدگاههای مکنزی بیشتر از بقیه دیدگاههای او مورد انتقاد زبان شناسان کرد قرار گرفته است؟ افزون بر این رویکرد زباشناسان هورامی و ساکن هورامان در برابر دیدگاههای مکنزی چه بوده است؟ . در این پژوهش با مرور برخی پژوهشهای غربی و فارسی مرتبط با تصریف در هورامی نشان داده شده است که زبان مردم هورامان تفاوت چندانی با دیگر شاخه های کردی ندارد و باورمندان به نظریه مکنزی در میان زبانشناسان کرد اندک بوده و بیشتر آنها گورانی/هورامی را جزوی از خانوادۀ زبانهای کردی دانسته اند. یافته های این پژوهش نشان می دهد که تقریبا همه زبان شناسان کرد غیر هورامی دیدگاه مکنزی درباره مستقل بودن زبان هورامی، ردەبندی آن ذیل گورانی و عدم تعلق آن به زبان کردی را نقد کرده اند. همچنین به استثنای چند نفر اکثریت قریب به اتفاق پژوهشگران زبان شناس هورامان هم نظریه مکنزی مبنی بر غیر کردی بودن هورامی را نقد کرده و با استناد به داده های زبانی و بررسی تطبیقی آنها با دیگر گویشهای کردی نشان داده اند که شباهتهای هورامی به آنها از میزان تفاوتها بیشتر است.
Futbolda Fizyolojik ve Zihinsel Dayanıklılık: Profesyonel Futbolcular üzerine bir uygulama
Authors: Ünver Deniz , Karacabey Kürşat
Published: December 2022

Profesyonel futbolcuların fizyolojik ve zihinsel dayanıklılık düzeylerinin belirlenmesi, ortaya konulması amacıyla gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmada; Yo.-Yo. test seviye-1 ve zihinsel dayanıklılık ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın evren ve örneklemini 2019-2020 yılları arasında Türkiye futbol federasyonu profesyonel liglerinden, süper lig (4 takım, n=55), birinci lig (4 takım, n=94), ikinci lig (6 takım, n=94) ve üçüncü liglerinde (5 takım, n=102), futbol oynayan 391 profesyonel Türk futbolcudan oluşmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında profesyonel Türk futbolculardan alınan veriler SPSS 22.0 paket ile analiz edilmiştir. Profesyonel futbolcuların aerobik ve zihinsel dayanıklılıklarının incelendiği bu araştırmada sonuç olarak; evli futbolcuların zihinsel dayanıklılık düzeylerinin bekâr futbolculara oranla daha yüksek olduğu, merkez orta saha oyuncularının diğer mevkii oyuncularına göre zihinsel dayanıklılığının az da olsa yüksek olduğu, bunun yanında futbolcuların fiziksel dayanıklılık düzeylerinin arttıkça buna bağlı olarak zihinsel dayanıklılıklarının da arttığı saptanmıştır.
Diabetes, A Culprit Against Quality of Life?
Authors: Mohanty Sailabala , Saini Sushma Kumari
Published: December 2022

Quality of life (QoL) is a very contemporary domain of modern health care practices. Though it has no clear or concise definition, its impact of it is huge for an individual living with diabetes mellitus. Yet, the mention of QoL is restricted to majorly four common domains, such as physical, psychological, social, and environmental, which excludes the major areas that lead to poor QoL among diabetic individuals in rural India, such as, indefinite food restriction and seclusion from the family dining menu or isolation from festivals largely focused on food. Work and role limitation in the Indian setting is also a prevalent precursor to poor QoL, for example, the consciousness of frequent bathroom visits due to polyuria, unaffordability of proper storage of insulin in the workplace, and increased absenteeism for doctor visits. The focus on the vague ideas of QoL needs to be changed towards more individualistic, as it is a subjective measure. Nonetheless, the assessment of QoL is non-existent in the treatment protocols of diabetes in rural India, mostly because of the non-availability of specialized institutions, resources, and services. Moreover, as diabetes is a silent disease, the effects of self-care are not immediate, even though, long-term benefits have been proven, leading to poor motivation added to inaccessibility of healthcare services, creating an environment for detrimental quality of life. Thus, an individualist approach toward QoL is warranted along with mandatory evaluation of QoL in every area of the diabetic therapeutic regime.
Why Villagers Use Toilets Only During Specific Time and Season? A Mixed-Methods Study in Rural Tamil Nadu
Authors: Nancy S  , Rahman K Mujibur , Ali K Mohamed , PK Govindarajan , Thirumeni S
Published: December 2022

Background: Due to the efforts of sanitation promotion interventions in India, majority of the villagers started using toilets. But there is an inconsistency in toilet usage with regard to time and season.
Objectives: The objectives were to determine the time and seasonal variations in toilet usage among villagers who use toilets and to identify the reasons for time and seasonal variations in toilet usage.
Methodology: A community-based mixed-methods study was executed in the four field practice villages of UHTC, Villupuram. After IEC clearance, 405 individuals who were using an owned toilet were selected by Simple Random Sampling. Qualitative component (free listing) was used for questionnaire development and quantitative component (survey + observation) was used for data collection.
Results: Majority, 52% villagers used toilets only in the night and 64% villagers used toilets during rainy season. Fear of darkness and snakes, emergency and large family size were the common reasons for night time toilet usage. While, non-availability of open space, illness on exposure to rain and quick filling of toilet pit contributed to toilet usage in the rainy season.
Conclusion: The study findings would help in the development of culturally-sensitive and socially-acceptable key messages for future sanitation promotion interventions.
Contribution and Challenges of Community Health Workers in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Kurapati Jyothi , Chandanadur Thippaiah Anitha
Published: December 2022

Background: Community health workers (CHWs) are a renewed focus in the 2030 SDGs. CHWs support equitable coverage for preventive, promotive, and curative services as healthcare partners. This study aimed to identify the challenges of community health workers (CHWs) in achieving Sustainable Development Goals.
Methods: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Web of Science, etc., for the published articles between 2015 to 2022. Twenty publications and WHO documents met the inclusion criteria and were analysed and used in the study.
Results: Findings show that CHWs are valuable and cost-effective and have the potential to help achieve several SDGs. The top 10 issues faced by CHWs were listed in the research, including Lack of advancement chances, Excessive workload, Insufficient pay, Insufficient staff, Poor management culture, Lack of supervision, Poor interpersonal relationship with supervisors, limited access to technology, A lack of training and Reduced patient care time. The article also proposes critical activities to assist CHWs in achieving the SDGs.
Conclusions: CHWs are essential in health care delivery and help expand preventative, promotive, and curative services. Regular evaluation of CHWs' performance is critical for creating health policy and system support that optimizes the utilization of CHWs for SGDs.
A Study of Effect of Knowledge, Attitude, And Practice on The Diabetic Patient with Counselling as Intervention – A Non-Randomized Community-Based Trial from Gujarat
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Pandit Niraj
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Lifestyle modification is key to management of diabetes. Behavioural change is key to adopt lifestyle modification. The current study was planned with objective to assess the impact of counselling on knowledge, attitude, and practices among patients with diabetes mellitus in rural and urban areas of Gujarat.
Method: It was a non-randomized interventional study conducted in the state of Gujarat, India. Known cases of diabetes were enrolled for the study. Two equal size groups of study participants from urban and rural area were divided equally for intervention group (N=77; 28 urban +49 Rural) and control group (N=77; 28 urban +49 Rural). Regular counselling on role of diet in DM management, self-care, deaddiction, role of physical activity, and drug compliance was given by community physician for three months to 6 months. Pre and post intervention KAP score was collected and evaluated.
Result: The knowledge, attitude and practice score were increased among counselling group in comparison to traditional treatment group in both urban and rural area. The score increased from 5.4 to 10.4 in knowledge; 3.07 to 5.07 in attitude and 5.07 to 8.92 in practice among urban participants. Similarly, the score increased from 4.14 to 7.16 in knowledge, 2.57 to 3.67 in attitude and 4.73 to 7.42 in practice among rural participants.
Conclusion: With counselling the knowledge, practice and attitude of chronic patients are improving. The study recommended that counselling services should be available to all diabetes patients. It should be available to patients at their doorstep if possible as study depict.
A Two Variable Refined Plate Theory for Isogeometric Vibration Analysis of The Functionally Graded Piezoelectric Microplates with Porosities
Authors: Hung Pham Tan , Phuc Phung Van
Published: December 2022

In this article, a free vibration analysis of the functionally graded porous piezoelectric (FGPP) microplates is firstly solved by using a combination of two variable refined plate theory (RPT), modified strain gradient theory (MSGT) and isogeometric analysis (IGA). The FGPP microplate is composed of piezoelectric material with pores, which are distributed across the plate thickness in uniform and non-uniform distributions. The modified strain gradient theory is used to capture the size effect on the natural frequency of the FGPP microplates. According to the variational principle of RPT with two variables, the governing equations are derived and solved by the IGA. The influence of the length scale parameters (LSPs), external electric voltage, power law index, length-to-thickness ratio, aspect ratio and boundary conditions (BCs) on the natural frequency of the FGPP microplates is studied. The numerical results show that a rise in the porosity coefficient makes a decrease in the microplate’s stiffness, while an increase in LSPs leads to a rise in the microplate’s stiffness.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Türkiye’de Semt Çalışmaları Literatürü: İstanbul Bağlamında Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: YILMAZ Havva
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada, İstanbul semtlerini konu edinen monografiler ve tezler üzerinden Türkiye’de semt çalışmaları literatürü ana hatlarıyla değerlendirilmeye çalışılacaktır. “İstanbul Semt Monografileri” ve “İstanbul Semt Tezleri” başlıklı iki güncel listeden faydalanarak yapılan incelemeler ışığında, Türkiye’de semt literatürünün tarihî gelişimi, hangi dönemlerde hangi temaların ön plana çıktığı, literatürde öne çıkan kavram ve temaların neler olduğu, semt çalışmalarının hangi disiplinlerden beslendiği gibi konulara değinilecektir. İlk örnekleri Geç Osmanlı Dönemi’ne kadar uzanan semt monografilerinin öncülük ettiği literatür, şüphesiz şehir araştırmalarından bağımsız düşünülemez. Tarih, sosyoloji, mimari, siyaset, kent planlama, nüfus araştırmaları gibi pek çok disiplinin kesiştiği bir alan olarak, bugün, “şehir araştırmaları” üst başlığı altında toplanabilecek yüksek hacimli bir araştırma-inceleme birikiminden söz edebiliriz. Semt çalışmaları ise uzun yıllardan beri ürün vermesine ve semt monografilerinin dışında, özellikle 1990 sonrasında akademinin de yoğun ilgisine mazhar olmuş, henüz şehir araştırmalarından bağımsız bir sahaya dönüşemese de, yine, hatırı sayılır hacmi ve çeşitli tematik vurguları ile kategorik tasniflere imkân veren bir nitelik kazanmıştır. Bu çalışma ile literatürün genel çerçevesi çizilecektir.
POLISH AND FRENCH DIFFICULTIES IN PRACTICE AND PROPOSALS FOR CHANGES IN LEGAL PROTECTION IN THE WORKPLACE
Authors: Rogozińska - Mitrut Joanna
Published: December 2022

In view of the difficulties faced by potential victims of discrimination in order to present evidence of discrimination in the context of civil proceedings and the limitations on the authority and action of the Labor Inspection and Labor Inspection Office in this regard, it would be appropriate to consider the possibility of giving the inspection bodies the power to require a public or private person to present any request for documents or information deemed necessary to determine whether or not, in a particular situation, discrimination has occurred.
IMPROVING THE PROCESS OF TRAINING AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLLERS BASED ON THE FORMATION OF AN ELECTRONIC EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Shamsiev Z. Z.
Published: December 2022

Information is provided on the results of research devoted to the improvement and development of the educational process of training aviation dispatchers. The issues of digitalization of educational and methodological support are being updated. The importance of convergence of the volume and composition of knowledge of university graduates in the specialty aviation dispatcher, based on the use of regulatory documents of civil aviation, is substantiated.
An In-Depth Analysis on The Surface Roughness Variations During Turning of GGG50 Ductile Cast Iron
Authors: BİNALİ Rüstem , KUNTOĞLU Mustafa
Published: December 2022

GGG50 ductile cast iron finds application area in automotive industry primarily especially for production of the part of tracks and tractors. Machinability of these special materials is of great importance since the cast iron requires final shaping to achieve better surface quality. Surface roughness is accepted as a performance criterion among surface quality indicators as per it reflects the variations with peaks and valleys according to the machining parameters. Therefore, this study focuses on the influence of basic turning parameters on the average surface roughness during dry machining of the GGG50 material. The evaluation was carried out based on statistical analysis, graphical presentation and optimization approach. The analysis results showed that feed plays a key role on the surface roughness variations with the contribution rate about 70.8 %. To obtain the best surface quality, cutting parameters should be selected as 0.16 mm for cutting depth, 0.2 mm/rev for feed and 60 m/min for cutting speed respectively. This study aims to find the best turning conditions for an industrial material by discussing the importance of fundamental turning parameters.
Artificial intelligence for health care: open ethical challenges
Authors:   Link Campus University, Rome, Italy, Sciarretta Eliseo , Romano Ferdinando ,   Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy, Trebbi Edoardo ,   Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy, Greco Emilio ,   Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
Published: December 2022

Artificial intelligence applications are gaining traction in a variety of industries, with the promise of optimising resources and obtaining better outcomes through Big Data analysis. The potential of A.I. algorithms is generally recognised even in the healthcare field. However, healthcare, more than any other sector, must consider the ethical implications of employing these tools and what may happen if things do not go as planned. This essay addresses the key ethical dilemmas that are now open, establishing a classification based on functional elements and suggesting an order of significance to aid in their resolution.
Co-designing tools and support for quality of life of people with disabilities and their families in times of Covid-19. A viable space for the disability case manager (DCM)?
Authors:   Department of Education, University Roma Tre, Rome,  Italy, Bilotti Andrea
Published: December 2022

The COVID-19 syndemic experience exacerbated the urgency of finding innovative solutions to support the autonomy, integration and care of people with disabilities in our country. Specifically, the fragility of the protection measures for the disabled and their families emerged forcefully, and they were all too often abandoned in residences -and in their own homes- as a result of dedicated service closures, leading to the loss of flexible or adequate alternatives and to an often unsustainable burden of care for families. The article first discusses the experimentation of introducing a disability case manager (DCM) in a local context, starting from an interesting drive for innovation exercised by a banking foundation that promoted a participatory process with public and private stakeholders. The second part explores the salient features of the DCM profile in relation to the needs that emerged from listening to local stakeholders, particularly care workers and disabled people and their families. In the last part, the experimentation is presented as a possible innovative path towards improving the quality of life and well-being of disabled people. Finally, several key recommendations are provided for urgent interventions to support disabled people and their families both during and after the syndemic crisis.
Government surveillance and facial recognition system in the context of modern technologies and security challenges
Authors:   University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Italy, Cifaldi Gianmarco
Published: December 2022

The challenges to privacy resulting from the use of modern and constantly improving data processing technologies pose a significant threat not only at the personal level, but also at the national level. The proliferation of biometric systems, and specifically facial recognition technologies in our everyday lives, has prompted the need to foster a public discussion regarding the associated societal and ethical concerns. Modern information and communication technologies allow organizations to process data on an extremely large scale and at an increasing speed. This thesis is reaffirmed by the exceptional economic strength of companies that process and store personal data on a worldwide scale (Alphabet, also known as Google or Meta, the company that owns Facebook and Instagram), or by the recent acknowledgment of this issue by several countries and the European Union. This paper highlights the state-of-the-art in data processing technology and centers on the numerous difficulties in handling data. It focuses on ethical, technical and legal concerns regarding facial recognition systems and also emphasizes the technologies available and their capacity for handling the larger volume and variety of personal data processing and Big Data Analytics.
COVID-19 and obesity. A SHARE analysis of educational and gender differences on diet and physical activity
Authors:   University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Italy, Clemente Carmine
Published: December 2022

Scientific evidence shows that food-related excesses, which are linked to obesity and are spreading globally both among adults and the youth, are the cause of new and widespread diseases ranging from cardiovascular disturbances to diabetes. Indeed, the body mass index (BMI) is rising rapidly in all industrialized and many developing societies. The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the incidence of obesity, and the disease also has particularly negative impacts on obese populations, namely a greater severity of the disease and higher mortality. Obese individuals have a greater probability of suffering from other diseases that are independent risk factors for severe COVID-19, including heart disease, lung disease, and diabetes. Indeed, lack of physical activity and an unhealthy diet with too much fat and sugar constitute major and increasingly important determinants of poor health and premature death across the world. Using SHARELIFE data, this research presents an empirical analysis of the relationship between lifestyle behaviors related to physical activity and diet, education, and health capital (physical health, mental health, self-sufficiency, and perceived health), also incorporating a gender perspective. More specifically, the aim was to illustrate whether and how the self-perceived health status of older adults (the group hit hardest by COVID-19) varies according to BMI and how it responds to changes in lifestyle behaviors, as well as whether and how these relationships are modified or altered by one’s level of education and gender. People with tertiary education report a better health status than people with primary education after improving their diet and physical activities, and this effect is greater for men.
Participatory design games for citizenship education A public space approach with children
Authors:   University of Enna ", Ingrassia Marco ,   Kore"
Published: December 2022

Citizenship education plays a key role in urban societies, as it supports the construction of inclusive, sustainable and healthy communities, promoting values of responsibility, activism, inclusivity, diversity, collaboration. Civic and Citizenship courses in schools’ curricula worldwide gives positive results, but critical barriers can be noted, including: the difficulty for children to understand complex theoretical and abstract notions. Some scholars suggest that education is more effective when democratic processes are experienced by children through decision-making, including through the use of games. Participatory design strategies for the public space, together with placemaking actions, have been promoted since the 1970s to engage adults in decision making processes, with the objective of collecting proposals on urban transformation, strengthening communities, educating to citizenship, with values of inclusivity, diversity, sustainability, activating the citizen agency by encouraging activism. Participatory design strategies can benefit from the use of gamification strategies and serious game approaches to achieve audience development, engagement and conflict resolution. This research appraises the possibility to use participatory design games, focused on the public space, as tools for citizenship education of children (aged 5-12). Three case studies developed in Spain and Italy are presented, based on the use of digital and analogue interfaces. Case studies are assessed and compared on their capacity to stimulate interest in children through time, foster interaction and active collaboration between peers, educate to conflict resolution, Educate to inclusivity and diversity, promote behavioural change towards sustainability, collect Data on desires in relation to the public space. Results suggest that participatory design games focused are successful as educational tools, regardless of the real implementation of the design solutions.
تاریخ‌چۀ تفسیرنگاری در هرات و نقد منهج تفسیر انوارالقرآن
Authors:   Professor at Dari Literature Department, Faculty of Literature and Humanity, Herat University, Herat, Afghanistan, Faqihi Professor Fazlurrahman
Published: December 2022

قرآن کریم، کلام الهی است و برای بیان معنای آن در طول تاریخ، تفسیرهای زیادی نگاشته شده‌ است. در قلم‌رو زبان فارسی و به‌ویژه در هرات، در پهلوی تفسیرهای عربی، تفسیرهایی به زبان فارسی نیز نوشته شده‌اند. یکی از تفسیرهای معروف و جاافتاده در زبان فارسی در دورۀ معاصر، انوارالقرآن است که مورد توجه همه‌گان قرار گرفته است. بررسی نقادانۀ این اثر، جای‌گاه آن را در نزد مخاطبان، برازنده‌تر می‌سازد و نیز می‌تواند راه را برای اصلاح کارهای آینده در این رشته از علوم باز نماید. این مقاله به هدف تبیین منهج تفسیری انوارالقرآن، به روش کتاب‌خانه‌یی و با تمرکز بر متن تفسیر مذکور نگاشته شده، پاسخ می‌دهد که این اثر با چه روش و سازوکارهایی تألیف شده است. برآیند موضوع این است که در تألیف این اثر، چهار تفسیر دیگر مورد نظر بوده است. ترجیح دیدگاه‌ها، بیان برخی احکام، حجم میانه، دوری از اختلافات و روش مأثور، مورد نظر نویسنده بوده است.
امام ابوحنیفه (رح) و مبارزه با استبداد سیاسی
Authors:   عضو هیئت‌علمی پوهنځی/ دانش‌کدة حقوق و علوم سیاسی مؤسسة تحصیلات عالی هریوا، هرات، افغانستان, احمدی فضل‌احمد
Published: December 2022

شهرت امام ابوحنیفه، به‌عنوان پرچم‌دار فقه و کلام اسلامی بر هیچ‌کسی پوشیده نیست. او که در زمان حکومت‌ها و امپراتوری‌های بزرگ جهان اسلام، یعنی امویان و عباسیان می‌زیست، در عمل و نظریه با استبداد سیاسی حاکم مبارزه می‌کرد. مبارزات علنی و حمایت او از مظلومان سبب شد بارها او را از سر اجبار به دربار بکشانند و حکام دستورات خویش را به او‌ ابلاغ کنند؛ اما او هم‌چنان در برابر هیچ‌گونه استبدادی سر فرود نیاورد و سرانجام به خاطر امتناع از دستورات، که آن‌ها را خلاف شرع می‌دانست، زندانی و جان به‌حق سپرد. روی‌کرد اساسی امام در قبال خودکامه‌گی و خودسری‌های حاکمان، مبارزة مسالمت‌آمیز و آن‌هم با به چالش‌کشیدن عمل‌کرد آنان از دیدگاه فقهی بود، رویه‌یی که محدود به زمان حیات امام نشد، بل‌که هرروز بیش‌تر از ‌دیروز گسترش یافت و سرانجام احناف هم‌چنان در تقابل با استبداد سیاسی قرار دارند‌. این موضوع زمانی اهمیت پیدا می‌کند که برحق‌بودن مبارزات امام در مقابله با استبدادِ وقت را به عیان می‌توان اثبات کرد‌. این پژوهش که به بررسی این مطلب پرداخته است‌، در پی یافتن پاسخ به این پرسش بوده‌است است که: امام ابوحنیفه رحمه‌الله علیه چه نظر و دیدگاهی در قبال استبداد سیاسی داشت و از چه راه‌هایی به مبارزه با آن می‌پرداخت؟ ‌‌با استفاده از روش توصیفی-تاریخی و با کمک از منابع کتاب‌خانه‌یی، این نتیجه به دست آمده که امام ابوحنیفه در هر دو دولت زمانش (امویان و عباسیان) در مقابل استبداد سیاسی مبارزه نموده و از مظلومان در برابر جبر و زور حکام و فرمان‌روایان حمایت کرده است؛ چنان‌‌که خود نیز قربانی مبارزه علیه استبداد شده است‌
Improving Conceptual Engineering by Differentiating the Functions of Concepts
Authors: Miranda Vilchis Rogelio ,   Romanian Academy - Iasi Branch
Published: December 2022

The leading assumption of this paper is that we can improve the methodology of conceptual engineering if we differentiate between the different functions of our concepts. There is a growing body of research that emphasizes the revisionist virtues of conceptual engineering against the descriptive task of conceptual analysis. Yet, it also has faced severe critiques. Among the difficulties raised are the problems of conceptual identification and continuity. That is why several philosophers are trying to resolve these problems and improve the methodology by calling attention, for example, to the functions that concepts can play. I follow this line of argument and argue that we can increase the chances of success if we also clarify and differentiate them. Identifying and assessing the relationship between functions will help us avoid confusion, inconsistencies, and possible verbal disputes. Doing this not only serves our theoretical and practical purposes but helps us reconsider the potentialities and limits of the conceptual engineering program.
On The Persistence of Absolute Metaphysics
Authors: Picazo Gustavo ,   Romanian Academy - Iasi Branch
Published: December 2022

Greenwood (2019) casts doubts upon whether a certain view about social groups (the view that social groups persist throughout changes in their membership, by virtue of the maintenance of their structure or function) is a fundamental metaphysical truth about social groups, rather than a theoretical truth about some or many social groups. In this note, I introduce a distinction between absolute and relative metaphysics, and argue that there are no 'fundamental metaphysical truths‘ (as Greenwood conceives of them) at all. If there is one thing that should not persist here, it is absolute metaphysics.
„Why don’t you say it in Hungarian?” Diasporization and language ideologies
Authors:   Eötvös Loránd University and Open University of Catalonia, Szabó Gergely
Published: December 2022

The field of research on linguistic ideologies goes back more than four decades. However, research on language ideologies, which has pointed to the mediating link between forms of social existence and forms of speech, has only recently begun to address the issue of diasporization. My ethnographically informed critical sociolinguistic research combines these two research themes. In this paper, therefore, I explore the linguistic ideologies that permeate the processes and practices of diasporization. To do so, I draw on my doctoral research among Hungarians in Catalonia and its fieldwork experiences. Sociolinguistic research on migration and diasporization traces the dynamic and local processes through which diasporic identities are constructed, asserted and even transformed in particular interactions. Thus, I look at ideologies and identities (including diasporic identities) from a social constructivist perspective, i.e. I focus on how they become relevant and salient in a given interaction, and how they are endowed with additional meanings in the perspectives of speakers, rather than on their given characteristics. In this paper, I analyze an excerpt from a conversation in which participants construct different ideological positions and identities along the lines of nationality, regionality, language, age and gender. In this conversation, the two research participants met each other for the first time, and such interactions help the researcher to adjust to what are the language issues that really matter to the speakers, as here the participants engage in different negotiations to construct and maintain their speaker roles. On the basis of this analysis, I argue that speakers are simultaneously surrounded by multiple linguistic ideologies that become reflected to different degrees, but a linguistic analysis that is sensitive to social functions cannot ignore these. This also requires the researchers-fieldworkers to take account of their own role in the data generation processes.
What do beliefs about bilingualism correlate with? Prescriptivism and fear of assimilation among adult foreign language learners in Hungary
Authors:   Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Lois Márta
Published: December 2022

It has become such a widespread notion in Europe that bilingualism is an exceptional phenomenon (Bartha, 2009, p. 145) that it also determines the way we think about languages in Hungary. Moreover, in Hungary speakers typically judge bilingualism along the lines of standard linguistic ideology, that is, “the linguistic ideological concepts and beliefs about bilingualism are still being shaped and reinterpreted in various contexts, in tandem with the standard, normative linguistic concept of bilingualism, which excludes diversity” (Bartha, 2009, p. 149, translated by me). In my study I will elaborate on this issue based on my research among 18-24-year-old language learners, and show how linguistic ideologies about bilingualism are related to beliefs about the Hungarian language. I will also discuss the role of language learning motivation. In my quantitative research (n=507) I collected beliefs on Hungarian and language learning using a questionnaire, and after principal component analysis I looked for correlations by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficients. The results show that students’ beliefs about bilingualism are related to the extent to which they were taught their first language using a prescriptive approach, and to the extent to which they themselves subscribe to prescriptivism. In addition, students’ fear of assimilation and linguistic prejudice also correlated with their beliefs about bilingualism. Thus, misconceptions about bilingualism are still fueled by the prescriptive, purist and prejudiced linguistic attitudes associated with the standard language culture that are present in Hungary. My results show that even highly motivated language learners believe that “the only natural way to become bilingual is to learn two languages in one’s family from an early age” (one of the items of the questionnaire, based on Bartha, 2009, p. 147).In my study I highlight the role of teachers in maintaining language ideologies related to bilingualism, and argue that language learning motivation research should also pay more attention to language learning beliefs, because motivation is interlinked with and inseparable from them.
Frontier as a diverging factor referring to the language of Székelys in the settlements by Lower Danube
Authors:   Institute of Hungarian Studies, Pál Helén
Published: December 2022

In 1883 South Banat belonged in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, within this it belonged in the historical Hungary. In that year more than 3000 Székelys of Bukovina were settled there, then Székelykeve, Sándoregyháza and Hertelendyfalva settlements came into being by the Lower Danube. (Ancestors of Székelys of Bukovina were those refugees who escaped into Moldva after the hecatomb of Madéfalva, then they went to Bukovina and lived there in 5 villages: Istensegíts, Fogadjisten, Hadikfalva, Józseffalva, Andrásfalva.) In 1918 the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes was formed from the territories of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire, and after the Treaty of Trianon Székelys of the Lower Danube became the citizens of a new state. Past other historical events these days this territory belongs to Republic of Serbia. Originally in Sándoregyháza (Ivanovo) besides the Székelys also Germans and Bulgarians lived, in Székelykeve (Skorenovac) Székelys, other Hungarians from several settlements, Germans and Bulgarians, and in Hertelendyfalva (Vojlovica, today it is part of Pančevo city) Székelys, Germans and Slovakians lived. However, after the Second World War these Germans were relocated. Starting from the 1960s some residents of these settlements left the country (they moved mainly to Western Europe, but Australia too), moreover also the vicinal cities offered workplaces and a new home for them. This paper deals with the data related to the language of Székelys of these settlements by Lower Danube. First base of this examination is the separation after Treaty of Trianon, it has caused several language changes. In Hertelendyfalva Olga Penavin and her team mates started to collect dialectal and other linguistic data already in the 1950s, then they published some papers about the other two settlements too. From their papers of the 1970s and 1980s we know not only about the influence of the more prestigious version of Hungarian, but also the influence of the state language. We can set this Hungarian language originated from Bukovina against the language of the other Székely groups. So we can speak about the frontier as a diverging factor in connection with the language of their groups of Romania and of Hungary too. In these days language of Hungarians living in minority is primarily influenced by the given state language, so the language of Hungarians of Romania and Serbia too. In this paper I examine the linguistic data referring to the three settlements of Lower Danube. These data present the influence of the state language and differ from the language of other groups of Székelys of Bukovina.
Idegen szavak elavulása határon innen és túl
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Molnár Csikós László
Published: December 2022

In my study, I would like to deal with those foreign words that have become obsolete in Hungary, but are still in live use in other parts of the Hungarian language area. This is usually explained by the fact that speakers in the regions have adopted them from the language of contact, ie they are modeled on Serbian, Croatian, Slovenian, German, Slovak, Ukrainian or Romanian. Obsolescence can be complete, it can cover the whole word, then it is obsolete in all its meanings, but sometimes the use of the word only in a certain sense is old, obsolete, it is considered partial obsolescence. An obsolete foreign word or its equivalent in the motherland may appear in use in several ancient ways, and sometimes it appears only in one of the regions. For example, the word advokát 'lawyer, legal adviser', which is obsolete in Hungary, can be found in the same form, meaning 'lawyer' in the Hungarian regional languages of Transylvania, the Highlands, Vojvodina, Transcarpathia, Croatia and Mura region. In the meaning of ‘general trade’, the obsolete equivalent of the main name of the bazár occurs only in the Highlands, in the form of a bazár and a autóbazár, denoting a used car dealership following the Slovak model. It seems a coincidence that the same word in one language becomes obsolete, is not required by speakers, and the other language needs and uses it, does not allow it to become obsolete. En pre-sumably has a rational explanation. It should be borne in mind that the acquisition of foreign words is not a phenomenon that takes place equally in different languages, so the path of a foreign word taken from contact languages is not necessarily the same as the etiology of an obsolete foreign word in Hungary. The time, place and method of receipt must also be taken into account for a proper evaluation. Quite a few foreign words came to Hungarian in Hungary through German me-diation, but their counterparts reached Hungarian Serbs via French and Serbian mediation. There are some obsolete ones among them. For example, obsolete kredit meaning ‘loan’ is of German origin in Hungarian in Hungary. In Vojvodina's parlance, the meaning of kredit of French-Serbian origin is, on the one hand, a 'loan, a loan' and, on the other hand, an amount of ‘money that can be negotiated (on a mobile phone); frame'. It has its first meaning in Transylvania, Croatia, the Mura region and the Guardian region, and the second in Transylvania and the Highlands. The phenome-non may also be related to the fact that speakers living in regions outside Hungary rarely use the Hungarian equivalent of an outdated foreign word, or do not know the foreign word at all under the influence of another language, in which case the kredit noun is used instead of the hitel noun used.
DÖNÜŞEN; DEMOKRATİKLEŞEMEYEN KAMUSAL ALAN
Authors: TERZİOĞLU Dilek
Published: December 2022

Liberal demokratik teori, bireyin önceliğini vurgulasa da “halkın, halk için, halk tarafından yönetimi” tanımında da sembolleştiği gibi sivil toplumun katılımını talep etmektedir. Bu birlikte hareket etme durumu “kamusal alanda ortak aklın kullanımıyla” mümkün kılınacaktır. Kamusal alan özünde, bir topluma ait gerçeklerin ve düşüncelerin dolaştığı ve ortak bir bilgi birikiminin toplu siyasal eyleme temel oluşturduğu o topluma ait iletişim alanlarını ve kurumlarını içerir. Kamusal alanının dönüşümü sürecinde on sekizinci yüzyıl itibariyle kitle iletişim araçları toplumun ana enformasyon kaynağı ve paylaştığı deneyimin odağına dönüşmüştür. Modern “haber” kavramı, vatandaşları en önemli bilgilerle donatmanın bir aracı olarak gelişmiştir. Ancak medyanın ekonomi-politiği nedeniyle kitle iletişim araçlarının kamusal alan yaratmak yerine, siyasi ve ekonomik güç odaklarının ideolojik aracı haline geldiği iddia edilmektedir. Gelişen iletişim teknolojileri yoluyla dolayımlanan enformasyon daha kolay ve hızlı ulaşılabilir ve paylaşılabilir olsa da kamusal alanın bu dönüşümü, demokratikleşme yönünde bir ivme sağlamamaktadır.