bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mucolytic and Antioxidant Properties of Carbocysteine as a Strategy in COVID-19 Therapy
Authors: Bianco Andrea , Conte Stefano , Mariniello Domenica , Allocca Valentino , Matera Maria , D’Agnano Vito , Lanata Luigi , Cazzola Mario , Perrotta Fabio
Published: November 2022

SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to a heterogenous spectrum of clinical conditions ranging from self-limiting upper airway infection to severe respiratory failure. Carbocysteine is a thioether mucolytic with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Carbocysteine has been shown to have anti-viral effects on human rhinovirus, RSV and the influenza virus as well as interfering with upper airway ciliary motility, the first site of SARS-CoV-2 infection, leading to more effective mucus clearance and potential containment of viral spread towards the lower airway. Positive effects, in terms of limiting superimposed bacterial infection and reducing oxidative stress, have also been documented in COPD patients. Accordingly, Carbocysteine should also be considered in both post-exposure prophylaxis and early-phase treatment of COVID-19 in combination with other agents (monoclonal antibodies, antivirals, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, and inhaled corticosteroids). In this review, we explored the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of Carbocysteine to delineate its potential therapeutic impact in patients with COVID-19.
Simulated Microgravity Modulates Focal Adhesion Gene Expression in Human Neural Stem Progenitor Cells
Authors: Wang Wei , Di Nisio Elena , Licursi Valerio , Cacci Emanuele , Lupo Giuseppe , Kokaia Zaal , Galanti Sergio , Degan Paolo , D’Angelo Sara , Castagnola Patrizio , Tavella Sara , Negri Rodolfo
Published: November 2022

We analyzed the morphology and the transcriptomic changes of human neural stem progenitor cells (hNSPCs) grown on laminin in adherent culture conditions and subjected to simulated microgravity for different times in a random positioning machine apparatus. Low-cell-density cultures exposed to simulated microgravity for 24 h showed cell aggregate formation and significant modulation of several genes involved in focal adhesion, cytoskeleton regulation, and cell cycle control. These effects were much more limited in hNSPCs cultured at high density in the same conditions. We also found that some of the genes modulated upon exposure to simulated microgravity showed similar changes in hNSPCs grown without laminin in non-adherent culture conditions under normal gravity. These results suggest that reduced gravity counteracts the interactions of cells with the extracellular matrix, inducing morphological and transcriptional changes that can be observed in low-density cultures.
Preparation and Investigation of Spherical Powder Made from Corrosion-Resistant 316L Steel with the Addition of 0.2% and 0.5% Ag
Authors: Kaplan Mikhail A. , Gorbenko Artem D. , Ivannikov Alexander Y. , Konushkin Sergey V. , Kirsankin Andrey A. , Baikin Alexander S. , Sergienko Konstantin V. , Nasakina Elena O. , Mikhailova Anna V. , Rumyantsev Boris A. , Gorudko Irina V. , Kolmakov Alexey G. , Simakin Alexander V. , Gudkov Sergey V. , Oshkukov Sergey A. , Sevostyanov Mikhail A.
Published: November 2022

The paper describes the production and study of spherical powder made from corrosion-resistant 316L steel with the addition of 0.2% and 0.5% Ag. The study of granulometric composition, morphology, fluidity and bulk density, phase composition, microhardness and impurity composition of the spherical powders was carried out. The study showed compliance of the spherical powders with the requirements for powders used for additive manufacturing. The fluidity of the powders was 17.9 s, and the bulk density was 3.76 g/cm3. The particles have a spherical shape with a minimum number of defects and an austenitic-ferritic structure. The study of the phase composition of ingots, wires and powders showed that the ingot structure of all samples consists of austenite. According to the results of studies of the phase composition of the wire, there is a decrease in γ–Fe and an increase in α–Fe and σ–NiCr in going from wire No. 1 to wire No. 3. According to the results of studies of the phase composition of the powder particles, there are three phases, γ-Fe, α-Fe, and Fe3O4. The study of microhardness showed a decrease in HV depending on the increase in silver. The hardness of the powder is lower than that of the ingot by 16–24% due to the presence of a ferritic phase in the powder. As a result of plasma spraying, an increase in residual oxygen is observed, which is associated with the oxidation of the melt during plasma dispersion. The amount of nitrogen and sulfur does not change, while the amount of carbon and hydrogen decreases, and the impurities content corresponds to the standards for corrosion-resistant steel. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the silver content in the samples indicates that it was not affected by the stages involved in obtaining the spherical powder.
Hardness Evolution of Solution-Annealed LPBFed Inconel 625 Alloy under Prolonged Thermal Exposure
Authors: Marinucci Fabrizio , Marchese Giulio , Bassini Emilio , Aversa Alberta , Fino Paolo , Ugues Daniele , Biamino Sara
Published: November 2022

Thanks to its high weldability, Inconel 625 (IN625) can be easily processed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). After production, this alloy is typically subjected to specific heat treatments to design specific microstructure features and mechanical performance suitable for various industrial applications, including aeronautical, aerospace, petrochemical, and nuclear fields. When employed in structural applications, IN625 can be used up to around 650 °C. This limitation is mainly caused by the transformation of metastable γ″ phases into stable δ phases occurring under prolonged thermal exposure, which results in drastically reduced ductility and toughness of the alloy. Because the microstructure and mechanical properties change during thermal exposure, it is essential to study the material simulating possible service temperatures. In the current study, LPBFed IN625 samples were solution-annealed and then subjected to thermal exposure at 650 °C for different times up to 2000 h. The characterization focused on the evolution of the main phases, γ″ and δ phases, and their influence on the hardness evolution. The microstructure and hardness of the heat-treated LPBFed IN625 samples were compared with data related to the traditionally processed IN625 alloy (e.g., wrought state) reported in the literature.
The Roots of Deguelia nitidula as a Natural Antibacterial Source against Staphylococcus aureus Strains
Authors: Nogueira-Lima Suzana Helena Campelo , Gomes Paulo Wender P. , Navegantes-Lima Kely C. , Reis José Diogo E. , Carvalho Alice Rhelly Veloso , Pamplona Sônia das Graças Santa R. , Muribeca Abraão de Jesus B. , da Silva Milton N. , Monteiro Marta C. , e Silva Consuelo Yumiko Yoshioka
Published: November 2022

Deguelia nitidula (Benth.) A.M.G.Azevedo & R.A.Camargo (Fabaceae) is an herbaceous plant distributed in the Brazilian Amazon, and it is called “raiz do sol” (sun roots). On Marajó Island, quilombola communities use its prepared roots to treat skin diseases commonly caused by fungi, viruses, and bacteria. Thus, in this study, the extract, and its fractions from D. nitidula roots were used to perform in vitro cytotoxic and antibacterial assays against Staphylococcus aureus strains. Thereafter, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) was used for the metabolite annotation process. The ethanolic extract of D. nitidula roots show significant bactericidal activity against S. aureus with IC50 82 μg.mL−1 and a selectivity index (SI) of 21.35. Furthermore, the SREFr2 and SREFr3 fractions show a potent bactericidal activity, i.e., MIC of 46.8 μg.mL−1 for both, and MBC of 375 and 93.7 μg.mL−1, respectively. As showcased, SREFr3 shows safe and effective antibacterial activity mainly in respect to the excellent selectivity index (SI = 82.06). On the other hand, SREFr2 shows low selectivity (SI = 6.8), which characterizes it as not safe for therapeutic use. Otherwise, due to a limited amount of reference MS2 spectra in public libraries, up to now, it was not possible to perform a complete metabolite annotation. Despite that, our antibacterial results for SREFr3 and correlated substructures of amino acid derivatives show that the roots of D. nitidula are a natural source of specialized metabolites, which can be isolated in the future, and then used as a support for further bio-guided research, as well as natural drug development.
A Novel Metasurface-Based Monopulse Antenna with Improved Sum and Difference Beams Radiation Performance
Authors: Zhao Jianing , Hao Li , Li Hao , Tong Zihao , Li Tianming , Wang Haiyang , Hu Biao , Zhou Yihong , Li Fang , Fu Cheng , Li Qian
Published: November 2022

This paper proposes a novel metasurface-based monopulse antenna. A multimode pyramidal horn with four ports is selected as the feed of the proposed monopulse antenna. The 3-dB couplers and the optimized waveguide phase shifters are employed to design the monopulse comparator. In order to obtain good sum and difference beams performance, metasurfaces are mounted on a bowl structure to radiate the electromagnetic wave from the sub-reflector. An experimental prototype of the proposed design has been fabricated and measured at Ku-band. The measured results show that the gain ratio between the sum and difference beams is 2.8 dB and 3.7 dB, respectively. More importantly, the peak gain of the sum beam at 16 GHz is 27.1 dB, without considering the loss of the comparator, with a corresponding aperture efficiency of about 41.4%. This indicates that the proposed structure is beneficial for improving the sum and difference beams performance of the monopulse antenna, which is suitable for tracking platforms.
Validation of a Hyperspectral Imaging System for Color Measurement of In-Vivo Dental Structures
Authors: Tejada-Casado Maria , Ghinea Razvan , Martínez-Domingo Miguel Ángel , Pérez María M. , Cardona Juan C. , Ruiz-López Javier , Herrera Luis Javier
Published: November 2022

A full comprehension of colorimetric relationships within and between teeth is key for aesthetic success of a dental restoration. In this sense, hyperspectral imaging can provide point-wise reliable measurements of the tooth surface, which can serve for this purpose. The aim of this study was to use a hyperspectral imaging system for the colorimetric characterization of 4 in-vivo maxillary anterior teeth and to cross-check the results with similar studies carried out with other measuring systems in order to validate the proposed capturing protocol. Hyperspectral reflectance images (Specim IQ), of the upper central (UCI) and lateral incisors (ULI), were captured on 30 participants. CIE-L*a*b* values were calculated for the incisal (I), middle (M) and cervical (C) third of each target tooth. ΔEab* and ΔE00 total color differences were computed between different tooth areas and adjacent teeth, and evaluated according to the perceptibility (PT) and acceptability (AT) thresholds for dentistry. Non-perceptible color differences were found between UCIs and ULIs. Mean color differences between UCI and ULI exceeded AT (ΔEab* = 7.39–7.42; ΔE00 = 5.71–5.74) in all cases. Large chromatic variations between I, M and C areas of the same tooth were registered (ΔEab* = 5.01–6.07 and ΔE00 = 4.07–5.03; ΔEab* = 5.80–8.16 and ΔE00 = 4.37–5.15; and ΔEab* = 5.42–5.92 and ΔE00 = 3.87–4.16 between C and M, C and I and M and I, respectively). The use of a hyperspectral camera has proven to be a reliable and effective method for color evaluation of in-vivo natural teeth.
Regulatory Mechanisms between Quorum Sensing and Virulence in Salmonella
Authors: Zhang Xiaojie , Liu Baobao , Ding Xueyan , Bin Peng , Yang Yang , Zhu Guoqiang
Published: November 2022

Salmonella is a foodborne pathogen that causes enterogastritis among humans, livestock and poultry, and it not only causes huge economic losses for the feed industry but also endangers public health around the world. However, the prevention and treatment of Salmonella infection has remained poorly developed because of its antibiotic resistance. Bacterial quorum sensing (QS) system is an intercellular cell–cell communication mechanism involving multiple cellular processes, especially bacterial virulence, such as biofilm formation, motility, adherence, and invasion. Therefore, blocking the QS system may be a new strategy for Salmonella infection independent of antibiotic treatment. Here, we have reviewed the central role of the QS system in virulence regulation of Salmonella and summarized the most recent advances about quorum quenching (QQ) in virulence attenuation during Salmonella infection. Unraveling the complex relationship between QS and bacterial virulence may provide new insight into the therapy of pathogen infection.
UV and Visible Light Induced Photodegradation of Reactive Red 198 Dye and Textile Factory Wastewater on Fe2O3/Bentonite/TiO2 Nanocomposite
Authors: Mohammadhosseini Shakiba , Al-Musawi Tariq J. , Romero Parra Rosario Mireya , Qutob Mutaz , Gatea M. Abdulfadhil , Ganji Fatemeh , Balarak Davoud
Published: November 2022

In the present study, the objective was to probe the capacity of the Fe2O3/Bentonite/TiO2 (Fe2O3/B/TiO2) nanoparticles to act as a catalyst in degrading the reactive red 198 (RR198) dye and textile factory wastewater, utilizing irradiation with visible and UV light. The efficiency of this degradation was studied for a variety of experimental parameters by employing real samples of textile wastewater. After 60 min of reaction time, complete degradation of the target pollutant was visible using the synthesized catalyst, i.e., Fe2O3/B/TiO2, under UV light; the same effect was noted after 90 min under visible light. Further, the ease of separation and quick collection of the synthesized Fe2O3/B/TiO2 can result in keeping the photocatalytic efficiency high, as well as raising the reusability. The photocatalytic processes under UV and visible light were found capable of converting the non-biodegradable textile wastewater into biodegradable one. Besides, with the introduction of Daphnia manga, the toxicity of the effluent was examined. Through photocatalysis, utilizing both techniques, the dye toxicity in the solution was fully neutralized, and the intensity of toxicity of the textile effluent was lowered by around 70%. The conclusion drawn in this study showed that the synthesized catalyst displayed good efficiency in removing organic compounds from the textile effluents by both photocatalytic processes using UV and visible light.
Laser-Based Characterisation of the Copper Uranyl Sulphate, Johannite
Authors: Frankland Victoria L. , Milodowski Antoni E. , Read David
Published: November 2022

Uranyl sulphate minerals are common alteration phases in uranium mines and uraniferous waste deposits where they occur in conjunction with other products of acidic drainage such as jarosite. Although not persistent in nature due to their high solubility, they may play an important role in governing uranium mobility during the operational and immediate post-closure environment of an engineered radioactive waste repository where oxidising conditions prevail. One such mineral, johannite (Cu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2·8H2O), is of particular interest given the stated intention of several countries to use copper canisters in the disposal of spent nuclear fuel. A museum reference sample of johannite has been characterised by luminescence and multiple-laser Raman spectroscopy, resulting in the first reported luminescence excitation and emission spectra for this mineral. Well-defined Raman features were observed using 785, 633, and 532 nm lasers with the resolved peaks corresponding well to the published spectra. The Raman spectrum measured with the 457 nm laser was mostly masked by a series of repeating doublets attributed to the luminescence emission features, from which band spacing values of 831 and 823 cm−1 were extracted; the former corresponded to both the resolved 785 nm ν1(UO2)2+ peak position and the band spacing value obtained from the first reported luminescence emission spectrum for johannite. Four emission and nine excitation peaks were resolved from the luminescence spectra. The findings indicate that a suite of complementary laser-based techniques offer the potential for real-time characterisation of johannite formed in environments where intrusive sampling, transportation, and ‘off-site’ laboratory analysis are not feasible.
Enhancing Spin-Based Sensor Sensitivity by Avoiding Microwave Field Inhomogeneity of NV Defect Ensemble
Authors: Chen Yulei , Li Tongtong , Chai Guoqiang , Wang Dawei , Lu Bin , Guo Aixin , Tian Jin
Published: November 2022

The behavior of the magnetic field sensitivity of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers as a function of microwave power and the inhomogeneous distribution of MW fields was systematically studied. An optimal structure for exciting spin structures by MW signals was designed using two parallel loop antennas. The volume of the homogeneous regions was approximately 42 mm3, and the associated diameter of the diamond reached up to 5.2 mm with 1016 NV sensors. Based on this structure, the detection contrast and voltage fluctuation of an optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) signal were optimized, and the sensitivity was improved to 5 nT/√Hz. In addition, a pulse sequence was presented to fully eliminate the MW broadening. The magnetic field sensitivity was improved by approximately one order of magnitude as the π-pulse duration was increased to its coherence time. This offers a useful way to improve the sensitivity of spin-based sensors.
Electrical Conductive Properties of 3D-Printed Concrete Composite with Carbon Nanofibers
Authors: Goracci Guido , Salgado David , Gaitero Juan , Dolado Jorge
Published: November 2022

Electrical conductive properties in cement-based materials have received attention in recent years due to their key role in many innovative application (i.e., energy harvesting, deicing systems, electromagnetic shielding, and self-health monitoring). In this work, we explore the use 3D printing as an alternative method for the preparation of electrical conductive concretes. With this aim, the conductive performance of cement composites with carbon nanofibers (0, 1, 2.5, and 4 wt%) was explored by means of a combination of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dielectric spectroscopy (DS) and compared with that of specimens prepared with the traditional mold method. The combination of TGA and DS gave us a unique insight into the electrical conductive properties, measuring the specimens’ performance while monitoring the amount in water confined in the porous network. Experimental evidence of an additional contribution to the electrical conductivity due to sample preparation is provided. In particular, in this work, a strong correlation between water molecules in interconnected pores and the σ(ω) values is shown, originating, mainly, from the use of the 3D printing technique.
Electronic Properties of Hexagonal Graphene Quantum Rings from TAO-DFT
Authors: Chen Chi-Chun , Chai Jeng-Da
Published: November 2022

The reliable prediction of electronic properties associated with graphene nanosystems can be challenging for conventional electronic structure methods, such as Kohn–Sham (KS) density functional theory (DFT), due to the presence of strong static correlation effects in these systems. To address this challenge, TAO (thermally assisted occupation) DFT has been recently proposed. In the present study, we employ TAO-DFT to predict the electronic properties of n-HGQRs (i.e., the hexagonal graphene quantum rings consisting of n aromatic rings fused together at each side). From TAO-DFT, the ground states of n-HGQRs are singlets for all the cases investigated (n = 3–15). As the system size increases, there should be a transition from the nonradical to polyradical nature of ground-state n-HGQR. The latter should be intimately related to the localization of active TAO-orbitals at the inner and outer edges of n-HGQR, which increases with increasing system size.
Exosome RNA Sequencing as a Tool in the Search for Cancer Biomarkers
Authors: Elkommos-Zakhary Marina , Rajesh Neeraja , Beljanski Vladimir
Published: November 2022

Numerous noninvasive methods are currently being used to determine biomarkers for diseases such as cancer. However, these methods are not always precise and reliable. Thus, there is an unmet need for better diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers that will be used to diagnose cancer in early, more treatable stages of the disease. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin released by the majority of cells. Exosomes contain and transport nucleic acids, proteins, growth factors, and cytokines from their parent cells to surrounding or even distant cells via circulation in biofluids. Exosomes have attracted the interest of researchers, as recent data indicate that exosome content may be indicative of disease stages and may contribute to disease progression via exosome-mediated extracellular communication. Therefore, the contents of these vesicles are being investigated as possible biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis. The functions of exosomes and their contents in disease development are becoming clearer as isolation and analytical methods, such as RNA sequencing, advance. In this review, we discuss current advances and challenges in exosomal content analyses with emphasis on information that can be generated using RNA sequencing. We also discuss how the RNA sequencing of exosomes may be used to discover novel biomarkers for the detection of different stages for various cancers using specific microRNAs that were found to be differentially expressed between healthy controls and cancer-diagnosed subjects.
Are Endodontic Solvents Cytotoxic? An In Vitro Study on Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells
Authors: Sanz José Luis , López-García Sergio , Forner Leopoldo , Rodríguez-Lozano Francisco Javier , García-Bernal David , Sánchez-Bautista Sonia , Puig-Herreros Clara , Rosell-Clari Vicent , Oñate-Sánchez Ricardo E.
Published: November 2022

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of eucalyptol, chloroform, and Endosolv on the proliferative capability, cell viability, and migration rates of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) in vitro. Solvent eluates were formulated following ISO 10993-5 guidelines, and 1%, 0.25%, and 0.1% dilutions were prepared. The HPDLSCs were isolated from the extracted third molars of healthy donors. The following parameters were assessed: cell viability via trypan blue and IC50 assays, cell migration via horizontal wound healing assay, cell morphology via cell cytoskeleton staining (phalloidin labeling), and cell oxidative stress via reactive oxygen species assay. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s posthoc tests, and their significance was established at p < 0.05. Chloroform and eucalyptol exhibited significantly higher cytotoxicity on the hPDLSCs in vitro compared to the control group, as shown by the cell viability, migration, morphology, and reactive oxygen species release assays. Alternatively, Endosolv showed adequate cytotoxicity levels comparable to those of the control group. The cytotoxicity of the tested endodontic solvents increased in a dose-dependent manner. The results from the present study highlight the cytotoxicity of chloroform and eucalyptol. Thus, their limited and cautious use is recommended, avoiding solvent extrusion.
Effect of Piezoelectric BaTiO3 Filler on Mechanical and Magnetoelectric Properties of Zn0.25Co0.75Fe2O4/PVDF-TrFE Composites
Authors: Sobolev Kirill , Kolesnikova Valeria , Omelyanchik Alexander , Alekhina Yulia , Antipova Valentina , Makarova Liudmila , Peddis Davide , Raikher Yuriy L. , Levada Katerina , Amirov Abdulkarim , Rodionova Valeria
Published: November 2022

Polymer-based multiferroics, combining magnetic and piezoelectric properties, are studied experimentally—from synthesis to multi-parameter characterization—in view of their prospects for fabricating biocompatible scaffolds. The main advantage of these systems is facile generation of mechanical deformations and electric signals in response to external magnetic fields. Herein, we address the composites based on PVDF-TrFE polymer matrices filled with a combination of piezoelectric (BaTiO3, BTO) and/or ferrimagnetic (Zn0.25Co0.75Fe2O4, ZCFO) particles. It is shown that the presence of BTO micron-size particles favors stripe-type structuring of the ZCFO filler and enhances the magnetoelectric response of the sample up to 18.6 mV/(cm∙Oe). Besides that, the admixing of BTO particles is crucial because the mechanical properties of the composite filled with only ZCFO is much less efficient in transforming magnetic excitations into the mechanical and electric responses. Attention is focused on the local surfacial mechanical properties since those, to a great extent, determine the fate of stem cells cultivated on these surfaces. The nano-indentation tests are accomplished with the aid of scanning probe microscopy technique. With their proven suitable mechanical properties, a high level of magnetoelectric conversion and also biocompatibility, the composites of the considered type are enticing as the materials for multiferroic-based polymer scaffolds.
Coherent Phase States in the Coordinate and Wigner Representations
Authors: de Freitas Miguel Citeli , Dodonov Viktor V.
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we numerically study the coordinate wave functions and the Wigner functions of the coherent phase states (CPS), paying particular attention to their differences from the standard (Klauder–Glauber–Sudarshan) coherent states, especially in the case of the high mean values of the number operator. In this case, the CPS can possess a strong coordinate (or momentum) squeezing, which is roughly twice weaker than for the vacuum squeezed states. The Robertson–Schrödinger invariant uncertainty product in the CPS logarithmically increases with the mean value of the number operator (whereas it is constant for the standard coherent states). Some measures of the (non)Gaussianity of CPS are considered.
Weighted Local Ratio-Difference Contrast Method for Detecting an Infrared Small Target against Ground–Sky Background
Authors: Wei Hongguang , Ma Pengge , Pang Dongdong , Li Wei , Qian Jinwang , Guo Xingchen
Published: November 2022

Fast and robust detection of infrared small targets in a single image has always been challenging. The background residue in complex ground–sky background images leads to high false alarm rates when traditional local contrast methods are used because of the complexity and variability of the ground–sky background imaging environment. A weighted local ratio-difference contrast (WLRDC) method is proposed in this paper to address this problem and detect infrared small targets in the ground–sky background. First, target candidate pixels are obtained using a simple facet kernel filter. Second, local contrast saliency maps and weighted mappings are calculated on the basis of the local ratio-difference contrast and the spatial dissimilarity of the target, respectively. Third, the final weighted mapping can be obtained through the multiplication fusion strategy. Finally, a simple threshold segmentation method is employed to extract the target. Experimental results on six real ground–sky infrared scenes showed that the proposed method outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods.
Validation of Cloud-Gap-Filled Snow Cover of MODIS Daily Cloud-Free Snow Cover Products on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Yuan Yecheng , Li Baolin , Gao Xizhang , Liu Wei , Li Ying , Li Rui
Published: November 2022

Accurate daily snow cover extent is a significant input for hydrological applications in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP). Although several Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) daily cloud-free snow cover products over the QTP are openly accessible, the cloud-gap-filled snow cover from these products has not yet been validated. This study assessed the accuracy of cloud-gap-filled snow cover from three open accessible MODIS daily products based on snow maps retrieved from Landsat TM images. The F1-score (FS) from daily cloud-free MODIS snow cover for the combined MOD10A1F and MYD10A1F (SC1) was 64.4%, which was 7.4% points and 5.3% points higher than the other two commonly used products (SC2 and SC3), respectively. The superior accuracies from SC1 were more evident in regions with altitudes lower than 5000 m, with a weighted average FS by the area percentage of the altitude regions of 58.3%, which was 6.9% points and 9.1% points higher than SC2 and SC3. The improved SC1 accuracies also indicated regional clustering characteristics with higher FS values compared to SC2 and SC3. The lower accuracies of cloud-gap-filled snow cover from SC2 and SC3 were mainly due to the limitation in determining snow cover based on the method of the inferred snow line and the overestimation of the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) snow water equivalent (SWE). These results indicate that the temporal filter approach used in SC1 is a good solution to produce daily cloud-gap-filled snow cover data for the QTP because of its higher accuracy and simple computation. The findings can be helpful for the selection of cloud-removal algorithms for determining snow cover dynamics and phenological parameters on the QTP.
Residence and Education Moderate the Longitudinal Association between Environmental Concern (EC) and Proenvironmental Behavior
Authors: Kang Weixi
Published: November 2022

The association between environmental concern (EC) and proenvironmental behavior is well-established in the literature. However, previous studies are limited to cross-sectional designs, small sample sizes, and limited populations (e.g., college students). Thus, longitudinal studies on large sample sizes are needed to understand the complex associations between EC and proenvironmental behavior, which can provide insights into how EC is related to changes in proenvironmental behavior over time. In addition, education and residence are closely related to both environmental attitudes and behavior. The current study investigated how education and residence moderate the longitudinal association between the EC and proenvironmental behavior of 17,658 participants (42.86% male and 57.14% female) with a mean age of 53.05 ± 16.40 years old from Understanding Society: the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS). Factor analysis and hierarchical regression were used to analyze the data. The current study, for the first time in the literature, found that education and residence significantly moderate the longitudinal association between EC and proenvironmental behavior. Thus, it is important to consider people’s educational level and residence when trying to improve EC, which can then lead to effective proenvironmental behavior.
Can New-Type Urbanization Construction Narrow the Urban–Rural Income Gap? Evidence from China
Authors: Liu Jiamin , Ma Xiaoyu , Jia Wenli , Zhang Sisi
Published: November 2022

To promote economic development, an imbalance in urban–rural development has been caused by a policy of favoring urban areas in every county. Recently, breaking the “urban–rural dual structure” and emphasizing urban–rural “integration” have become the ideal models for most countries to realize sustainable urbanization development. In China, the main goals of new-type urbanization construction (NTUC) are to optimize the urban–rural structure and improve the living standards of rural residents, help narrow the urban–rural income gap (URIG), and realize urban–rural sustainable development. This paper mainly studied the effect of NTUC on the URIG, analyzing the dynamic impact and regional heterogeneity. The moderating effect of NTUC on the URIG was also tested. A difference-in-difference model and mediating effect model were used to investigate the impact of the NTUC on the URIG. We found that, firstly, NTUC can significantly reduce the URIG. After a series of robustness tests was implemented, the results still held. Secondly, the effect of NTUC on the URIG was −0.1684 in the short term and −0.1710 in the long term. NTUC can significantly reduce the URIG in the central and western regions, but the negative impact is insignificant in the eastern region. Thirdly, industrial structure upgrades and financial and digital development are all important ways that NTUC narrows the URIG. Finally, based on our research conclusions, we put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions related to the policy implementation of NTUC, regional differences, industrial structure upgrading, and financial and digital development.
Assessment of Measures to Increase Water Efficiency in Public Swimming Pools
Authors: Pimentel-Rodrigues Carla , Silva-Afonso Armando
Published: November 2022

Situations of water stress or even water scarcity are becoming frequent in many regions of the planet, due to the exponential increase in population, the economic development model, and/or climate change. An example of a region where climate change is causing increasing situations of water stress is southern Europe, in the Mediterranean basin. One of the countries where this situation is becoming evident is Portugal, especially the center and south of the country, which has led the government to promote legislation or support for more efficient use of water in different sectors. In the case of the urban sector, local authorities, which are responsible for public water supply, have sought to promote specific actions for the conservation of drinking water and water efficiency measures in buildings and public spaces, in addition to other measures to raise awareness of the consumers. In this article, two technical measures proposed for public swimming pool complexes in the municipality of Cascais are analysed, aiming at greater efficiency in the use of water and the use of alternative sources for non-potable uses. These measures involved carrying out water efficiency audits at the facilities and a feasibility study on the use of the volumes of daily water renewal in swimming pools, for non-potable uses, specifically for flushing toilets. The results show that, in addition to their significant contribution to greater water efficiency in urban areas, these measures are also interesting from an economic point of view, also contributing to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.
Experimental Study on Flexural Behaviour of Prestressed Specified Density Concrete Composite Beams
Authors: Song Xingyu , Liu Yan , Fu Xiaodong , Ma Hongwei , Hu Xiaolun
Published: November 2022

To solve the problem of poor seismic resistance due to the disadvantages of traditional concrete composite beams, such as heavy self-weight in prefabricated buildings, prestressed specified-density concrete composite beams are proposed herein. First, a mix ratio test of specified-density concrete was performed. Second, five prestressed specified-density composite beams, a prestressed ordinary concrete composite beam, and a prestressed semi lightweight concrete cast-in-situ beam were tested. The influence of the precast concrete height, reinforcement ratio, and concrete materials on the failure mechanism, flexural bearing capacity, and short-term stiffness of the composite beams were analysed. From the results, the specified-density concrete composite beams and the ordinary composite beam had similar ultimate bearing capacities, but the average distance between crack spacings of the former was smaller. The precast concrete height affected the bending performance of the prestressed specified density concrete composite beam insignificantly, but the maximum ultimate bearing capacity of the composite beam could be increased by 35.6% by increasing the reinforcement ratio. The composite beam and the cast-in-place beam exhibited similar load-carrying capabilities and deformation properties. The average crack spacing, cracking load, and ultimate load value of the specified density concrete composite beams calculated according to the China national standard “Code for design of concrete structures” were consistent with the measured values.
Mechanical Properties and Drying Shrinkage of Alkali-Activated Coal Gangue Concrete
Authors: Zhao Yanbing , Yang Caiqian , Qu Feng , Li Kefeng , Yang Jing , Wu Zhiren
Published: November 2022

The feasibility of composite-activated coal gangue (CACG) as the primary cementitious material for concrete was experimentally studied in this paper. The effects of concrete strength grade on slump and slump flow, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, axial compressive strength, elastic modulus, and drying shrinkage of alkali-activated coal gangue concrete (AACGC) were experimentally investigated. Experimental results indicated that the slump and slump flow of the AACGC were smaller than that of ordinary Portland cement concrete (OPCC). The mechanical properties of the AACGC were superior to those of the OPCC. The compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, axial compressive strength, and elastic modulus of the AACGC were 1.17 times, 1.04 times, 1.47 times, and 1.04 times those of the OPCC, respectively. With the increase in concrete strength grade, the mechanical properties of the AACGC have gradually increased. The difference in failure modes of axial compressive strength between the AACGC and OPCC was analyzed. Moreover, the empirical formulas of the elastic modulus and compressive strength for the OPCC in various regions codes were summarized, and found that the empirical formula in GB 50010-2002 code and EN 1922 Eurocode 2 was also applicable to the AACGC. Finally, the mass-loss rate and drying shrinkage for the AACGC at different concrete strength grades were systematically analyzed, and a hyperbolic prediction model was proposed to reflect the drying shrinkage behavior of the AACGC.
Multiframe Track-Before-Detect of Weak Fluctuating Targets in a Complex-Valued RD Plane
Authors: Li Gui , Wang Liangliang , Wu Guangxin , Zhou Gongjian
Published: November 2022

The use of track-before-detect (TBD) of weak fluctuating targets is significant in radar systems. Conventional TBD methods may suffer from model mismatch and information waste, and the target fluctuation may not be considered. In this paper, to improve the detection and tracking performance of weak fluctuating targets using complex-valued range-Doppler (RD) data, a multiframe TBD method is proposed in a complex-valued RD plane. The target state evolution in the RD plane is formulated for multiframe accumulation accuracy. Considering the additional phase of raw complex-valued RD measurements, matched filtering based TBD using both amplitude and phase information in the raw RD plane is presented. Five common fluctuation models, i.e., Rayleigh distributed model, x2 distributed model, Log-Normal distributed model, Weibull distributed model, and K distributed model are used to describe the target fluctuation in RD plane. The procedure for multiframe accumulation of fluctuating targets in RD plane is presented in detail. The multiframe accumulated envelope of the fluctuating target in RD plane is derived theoretically, and the computational complexity of the proposed method is also analyzed. Both numerical simulations and real data are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Gênero em Humor na Obra Último Aviso” de Franziska Becker
Authors: Zimmermann Tânia , Kmitta Ilsyane do Rocio , De Jesus Jandira
Published: November 2022

Este artigo objetiva traçar aspectos da construção gendrada em quadrinhos e em charges na obra Último Aviso da cartunista alemã Franziska Becker.  Para tal propósito analisamos imagens e palavras dispostas em alguns quadrinhos esquadrinhando seu discurso sobre si mesma numa perspectiva de gênero. Iremos tonalizar esse estudo em observância a Judith Butler (2017) e Margareth Rago (2013), as quais  aduzem a necessidade de problematizar e contemplar a escritura de si a partir de  uma crítica do sujeito, pois nos conhecemos de forma incompleta e o contar-se torna-se uma aventura, sobretudo, para as mulheres que por muito tempo eram quase invisíveis como escritoras. Também compõe a metodologia breve apontamentos sobre a Análise Crítica de Discurso (ACD) em Faiclough e Caldas-Couthard para imbricar traços, composições ilustrativas, textos e cores. Concluímos que quase sem censuras, Becker apresenta um conjunto de imagens burlescas conduzindo-nos de forma prazerosa para a compreensão do contexto histórico do seu cotidiano feminista. Em curtas histórias, retrata com ironia e humor questões pertinentes a condição das mulheres após o século XX, que se somam em críticas plausíveis que norteiam o universo patriarcal e das lutas feministas libertárias.
Imperatriz Leopoldina
Authors: França Rafaela , Da Conceição Felizardo Fernanda
Published: November 2022

O presente trabalho pretende estudar a trajetória da Imperatriz Leopoldina do Brasil (1797-1826) através das cartas escritas por ela ao longo de sua curta vida. Buscamos analisar seus posicionamentos políticos e as mudanças pelas quais ela passou desde sua chegada ao Brasil até seu falecimento. Nosso objetivo é ressaltar a importância de suas ações durante o processo que levou o Brasil à emancipação política e evidenciar o apagamento histórico imposto às principais participações da figura histórica de Leopoldina na transformação do Brasil em um Império independente.
Attosecond Delays of High-Harmonic Emissions from Hydrogen Isotopes Measured by XUV Interferometer
Authors: Mustary Mumta Hena , Xu Liang , Wu Wanyang , Haram Nida , Laban Dane E. , Xu Han , He Feng , Sang R. T. , Litvinyuk Igor V.
Published: November 2022

High-harmonic spectroscopy can access structural and dynamical information on molecular systems encoded in the amplitude and phase of high-harmonic generation (HHG) signals. However, measurement of the harmonic phase is a daunting task. Here, we present a precise measurement of HHG phase difference between two isotopes of molecular hydrogen using the advanced extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) Gouy phase interferometer. The measured phase difference is about 200 mrad, corresponding to ~3 attoseconds (

1
 
as
=

10

−
18

 
s

) time delay which is nearly independent of harmonic order. The measurements agree very well with numerical calculations of a four-dimensional time-dependent Schödinger equation. Numerical simulations also reveal the effects of molecular orientation and intramolecular two-center interference on the measured phase difference. This technique opens a new avenue for measuring the phase of harmonic emission for different atoms and molecules. Together with isomeric or isotopic comparisons, it also enables the observation of subtle effects of molecular structures and nuclear motion on electron dynamics in strong laser fields.
Literature Reviews: What are the Challenges, and how can Students and new Business Researchers be Successful?
Authors: Mitchell Anthony , Rich Martin
Published: November 2022

The literature review is a key part of a dissertation, academic or journal paper, yet it is also one that often proves challenging. The multidisciplinary nature of business and management studies adds to the demands of writing a critical review by deciding which theories, subject areas and texts to interrogate. There are a number of approaches that students and academics might take in writing a literature review that require differing emphasis, resources and timeframe. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature and develop an understanding of the complexities and challenges faced by students and new researchers in preparing journal papers. We share our experience as faculty with teaching and writing at undergraduate and postgraduate level, and identify a number of the problems typically faced. Recent trends with regard to the proliferation of open access journals are outlined, and the perspective of a journal Editor addresses common mistakes that lead to poor submissions and reviews. A popular business school text is amongst the views considered. Several examples of different types of literature review are included to illustrate the breadth of choice. Specialist types of software for analysis associated with the complexities of systematic literature reviews are outlined. We close with guidelines for success and conclusions for each of four objectives. More research is encouraged as students now have fewer opportunities to develop the skills required for critical writing; yet these are the very skills in demand for consultancy and similar professions following graduation.
Geomorfologia Costeira: Entrevista com o Dr. Antonio Jeovah de Andrade Meireles
Authors: de Andrade Meireles Antonio Jeovah , Claudino-Sales Vanda , Falcão Sobrinho José , Lins de Freitas Antonio Jerfson
Published: November 2022

Geomorfologia Costeira: Entrevista com o Dr. Antonio Jeovah de Andrade Meireles
Geomorfologia do Quaternário: Entrevista com Antonio Carlos de Barros Correa
Authors: de Barros Correa Antonio Carlos , Claudino-Sales Vanda , de Oliveira Vital Saulo Roberto , Lins de Freitas Antonio Jerfson
Published: November 2022

Geomorfologia do Quaternário: Entrevista com Antonio Carlos de Barros Correa
Sistem Informasi Geografis Pemetaan Lokasi Usaha Mikro dan Kecil (UMK) di Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan
Authors: Hafaztha Alkindi Rasyid Hafaztha Alkindi Rasyid
Published: November 2022

Usaha Mikro dan Kecil (UMK) di Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan sangat beragam baik di bidang fashion, makanan, minuman sampai dengan kerajinan tangan (crafting). Salah satu kendala yang sering dihadapi oleh Usaha Mikro dan Kecil (UMK) adalah tidak di ketahuinya lokasi Usaha Mikro dan Kecil (UMK) oleh masyarakat luas. Oleh karena itu perlu dikembangkan Sistem Informasi Geografis Pemetaan Lokasi Usaha Mikro dan Kecil (UMK) di Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan  berbasis web untuk memberikan informasi mengenai  Usaha Mikro dan Kecil (UMK) kepada masyarakat tentang persebaran Usaha Mikro dan Kecil (UMK) yang ada di Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan  dan dapat membantu memudahkan kegiatan Dinas Koperasi dan UMKM Kabupaten Deli Serdang dalam memonitoring lokasi Usaha Mikro dan Kecil (UMK) di Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data spasial berupa koordinat lokasi, alamat dan data non spasial berupa data dan informasi pendukung berupa nama Usaha Mikro dan Kecil (UMK),  kategori, jenis produk, alamat, kontak atau nomor telefon, pemilik atau penanggung jawab, dan foto  Usaha Mikro Kecil (UMK). Penelitian ini juga menggunakan Leaflet untuk visualisasi peta dan juga GeoJSON sebagai format untuk encoding struktur data geografis.
Perancangan Sistem Pengambilan Keputusan Penerima Program Bantuan Keluarga Miskin (PBKM) Menggunakan Metode AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process)
Authors: Sanusi Sanusi , Teja Kusuma Andri , Husna Juniana
Published: November 2022

Program Bantuan Keluarga Miskin (PBKM) adalah program pemerintah dalam mengentaskan kemiskin dalam bentuk bantuan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat miskin. Proses pemilihan warga dalam penerima PBKM dari pihak Desa Karang Anyar Kecamatan Darul Makmur Kabupaten Nagan Raya Provinsi Aceh selama ini masih menggunakan cara konvensional, sehingga cara tersebut setelah diamati sering terjadi permasalahan yaitu kriteria-kriteria warga yang disurvei tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan yang diharapkan. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut maka diperlukan Perancangan Sistem Pengambilan Keputusan Untuk Menentukan Penerima Program Bantuan Keluarga Miskin (PBKM) Menggunakan Metode AHP (Analitical Hierarchy Process). Metode perancangan perangkat lunak yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode waterfall dengan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan database MySQL. Kriteria yang digunakan berupa ekonomi keluarga, jumlah keluarga, pekerjaan kepala keluarga dan beban daya listrik. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa aplikasi yang telah dibangun dapat memberikan kemudahan bagi pihak pemerintahan Desa dalam menentukan penerima bantuan dengan cara cepat, sistematis, terstruktur dan terarah serta dapat memudahkan kinerja petugas dalam menghasilkan laporan keputusan penerima bantuan keluarga miskin pada kantor Desa Karang Anyar Kecamatan Darul Makmur Kabupaten Nagan Raya.