bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of Yield in Single Slope Solar Still by Composite Heat Storage Material—Experimental and Thermo-Economic Assessment
Authors: Sampathkumar Arivazhagan , Suraparaju Subbarama Kousik , Natarajan Sendhil Kumar
Published: July 2022

The main objective of this study is to enhance the yield of single slope solar still by extending the operating time of solar still by utilizing composite heat storage materials in the solar still. In this regard, the effect of the composite heat energy storage material developed by the mixture of beach sand with paraffin wax is investigated. The experiments are carried out in solar still with composite heat storage material (SSCHSM), and results are compared with solar still with sensible heat storage material (SSSHSM), solar still with latent heat storage material (SSLHSM), and conventional solar still (CSS). The outcome of the two days’ results showed that the total yield of SSCHSM, SSLHSM, SSSHSM, and CSS are 2050, 1880, 1420, and 1250 mL/m2, respectively, on day 1 whereas on day 2 it is 2950, 2680, 2000, and 1820 mL/m2. The thermal analysis results indicated that the average thermal efficacy of SSCHSM, SSLHSM, SSSHSM, and CSS is 21.59%, 19.83%, 14.92%, and 13.16%, respectively, on day 1 and day 2 it is 27.42%, 24.94%, 18.59%, and 16.89%. The economic analysis revealed that the cost per liter and payback month of SSCHSM are $ 0.031 and 6.2 months, whereas the cost per liter for SSLHSM, SSSHSM, and CSS was $ 0.034, $ 0.044, and $ 0.048, respectively. Moreover, the payback period for SSLHSM, SSSHSM, and CSS was 6.8 months, 8.8 months, and 9.7 months, respectively.
Performance Evaluation of Newly Developed Generalized Correlations for the Prediction of Solar Diffuse Fraction for Various Climatic Regions
Authors: Sumair Muhammad , Aized Tauseef , Bhutta Muhammad Mahmood Aslam , Tehreem Layba , Shoaib Muhammad
Published: July 2022

The objective of this work is to develop empirical correlations describing Diffuse Fraction (DF) as a function of (1) Sunshine Fraction (SF), (2) Clearness Index (CI) and (3) both SF and CI. Four years instantaneously measured data was changed to monthly data at five locations belonging to five different climatic regions in Pakistan which was used as training dataset and nine correlations for each location (a total of forty-five) were formulated and their performance was assessed. Moreover, nine general empirical models were developed using the entire dataset (11 years) for five locations which were termed as Generalized Correlations (GCs). These GCs were validated by applying them to five other locations and comparing the generated results with measured results for those locations (validation dataset). The best model among GCs were found as GC8 which was, then applied to compute DF for five more locations for which short term (8 months) measured data was also available and thus a reasonable comparison could be made. Results showed that (1) new models were better than literature models, (2) GCs correlations were found in good agreement and (3) 2nd degree multivariate polynomial models are the best performance models with minimum errors e.g. Mean Absolute Biased Error (MABE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Sum of Square of Relative Error (SSRE) and Standard Relative Error (SRE) for GC8 were estimated as 0.018, 6.397, 0.021, 0.006 and 0.022 respectively (all values for Karachi).
Effect of fabrication processes before atomic layer deposition on β-Ga2O3/HfO2/Cr/Au metal–oxide–semiconductor capacitors
Authors: Hawkins Roberta , Young Chadwin D.
Published: July 2022

As β-Ga2O3 becomes a popular semiconductor material for high-power electronic devices, researchers are presenting innovative device structures and fabrication processes to achieve high performance and enhanced reliability of these devices. In many cases, these fabrication processes involve the formation of mesas, trenches, and other structures by plasma etching of β-Ga2O3 with Cl2 and/or BCl3. This paper looks at the effects of photoresist patterning and BCl3 plasma etching prior to atomic layer deposition of HfO2 dielectric to form metal–oxide–semiconductor capacitors. The β-Ga2O3/HfO2 interface is critical for controlling device characteristics such as flat-band voltage and maximum capacitance under accumulation and can be greatly affected by roughness and chemical residues. Capacitance-voltage data and atomic force microscope (AFM) scans indicate that photoresist and BCl3 residues are not adequately removed with acetone/IPA/DIW cleaning but are removed using piranha (H2O2/H2SO4) cleaning before deposition of the dielectric.
Calibration of an Accelerometer Activity Index Among Older Women and Its Association With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors
Authors: Wang Guangxing , Wu Sixuan , Evenson Kelly R. , Kang Ilsuk , LaMonte Michael J. , Bellettiere John , Lee I-Min , Howard Annie Green , LaCroix Andrea Z. , Di Chongzhi
Published: July 2022

Purpose: Traditional summary metrics provided by accelerometer device manufacturers, known as counts, are proprietary and manufacturer specific, making it difficult to compare studies using different devices. Alternative summary metrics based on raw accelerometry data have been introduced in recent years. However, they were often not calibrated on ground truth measures of activity-related energy expenditure for direct translation into continuous activity intensity levels. Our purpose is to calibrate, derive, and validate thresholds among women 60 years and older based on a recently proposed transparent raw data-based accelerometer activity index (AAI) and to demonstrate its application in association with cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods: We first built calibration equations for estimating metabolic equivalents continuously using AAI and personal characteristics using internal calibration data (N = 199). We then derived AAI cutpoints to classify epochs into sedentary behavior and physical activity intensity categories. The AAI cutpoints were applied to 4,655 data units in the main study. We then utilized linear models to investigate associations of AAI sedentary behavior and physical activity intensity with cardiometabolic risk factors. Results: We found that AAI demonstrated great predictive accuracy for estimating metabolic equivalents (R2 = .74). AAI-Based physical activity measures were associated in the expected directions with body mass index, blood glucose, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Conclusion: The calibration framework for AAI and the cutpoints derived for women older than 60 years can be applied to ongoing epidemiologic studies to more accurately define sedentary behavior and physical activity intensity exposures, which could improve accuracy of estimated associations with health outcomes.
Stemming metabolic stress
Authors: Baek Amy E.
Published: July 2022

Inhibition of a zinc transporter improves the maturation and survival of β cells.
DciA Helicase Operators Exhibit Diversity across Bacterial Phyla
Authors: Blaine Helen C. , Burke Joseph T. , Ravi Janani , Stallings Christina L.
Published: July 2022

Despite the fundamental importance of DNA replication for life, this process remains understudied in bacteria outside
Escherichia coli
and
Bacillus subtilis
. In particular, most bacteria do not encode the helicase-loading proteins that are essential in
E. coli
and
B. subtilis
for DNA replication.
Highlighting the Unique Roles of Radical
S
-Adenosylmethionine Enzymes in Methanogenic Archaea
Authors: Boswinkle Kaleb , McKinney Justin , Allen Kylie D.
Published: July 2022

Radical
S
-adenosylmethionine (SAM) enzymes catalyze an impressive variety of difficult biochemical reactions in various pathways across all domains of life. These metalloenzymes employ a reduced [4Fe-4S] cluster and SAM to generate a highly reactive 5′-deoxyadenosyl radical that is capable of initiating catalysis on otherwise unreactive substrates.
Training for Responsible and Ethical Management of Lab Notebooks in a Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience
Authors: Hills Sonia , Light Caitlin J.
Published: July 2022

Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) represent an innovative educational strategy to engage more science, technology, engineering, and math undergraduates in authentic research experiences. Research shows that student participation in CUREs results in positive student outcomes similar to those for traditional research experiences.
Acinetobacter baumannii Catabolizes Ethanolamine in the Absence of a Metabolosome and Converts Cobinamide into Adenosylated Cobamides
Authors: Villa Elizabeth A. , Escalante-Semerena Jorge C.
Published: July 2022

Acinetobacter baumannii
is a Gram-negative bacterium commonly found in soil and water.
A. baumannii
is an opportunistic human pathogen, considered by the CDC to be a serious threat to human health due to the multidrug resistance commonly associated with this bacterium. Knowledge of the metabolic capabilities of
A. baumannii
is limited.
Artificial Soils Reveal Individual Factor Controls on Microbial Processes
Authors: Del Valle Ilenne , Gao Xiaodong , Ghezzehei Teamrat A. , Silberg Jonathan J. , Masiello Caroline A.
Published: July 2022

Understanding environmental controls on soil microbes is difficult because many abiotic parameters vary simultaneously and uncontrollably when different natural soils are compared, preventing mechanistic determination of any individual soil parameter’s effect on microbial behaviors. We describe how soil texture, mineralogy, pH, and organic matter content can be varied individually within artificial soils to study their effects on soil microbes.
Fragile X syndrome in a girl with variant Turner syndrome and an isodicentric X chromosome
Authors: Tassanakijpanich Nattaporn , Wright Rachel , Tassone Flora , Shankar Suma P , Hagerman Randi
Published: July 2022

Fragile X (FXS) and Turner (TS) syndromes are X-chromosome-associated disorders. Herein, we report the case of a girl in middle childhood with bicuspid aortic valve in infancy, growth failure, global developmental delay (GDD), visual problems, and coexisting attention-deficit/hyperactivity and anxiety disorders. A high-resolution karyotype in 20 cells revealed 46,X,Idic(X)(p11.21)[19]/45,X[1], suggestive of variant TS. Given her atypical phenotype, subsequent DNA testing was performed. FourFMR1cytosine-guanine-guanine repeats (30, 410, 580 and 800) were identified, confirming the additional FXS diagnosis. This case study highlights the importance of additional genetic testing in individuals with atypical variant TS, such as unexplained GDD and distinct facial characteristics. The additional FXS diagnosis prompted new therapeutic development for the patient to advance precision healthcare.
Anorectal malformation associated with delayed presentation of right Bochdalek type diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Fourie Natasha , De Vos Corne , Le Roux Camilla E , Goussard Pierre
Published: July 2022

Patients with an imperforate anus frequently present with congenital abnormalities, most commonly as a component of VACTERL (Vertebral anomalies, Anorectal malformations, Cardiac defect, Tracheo-Oesophageal fistula and Oesophageal atresia, Renal anomalies, and Limb defects) anomalies. It is, however, unusual for infants to present with a concurrent anorectal malformation (ARM) and a Bochdalek type diaphragmatic hernia. We describe an infant with an ARM and a delayed presentation of a right-sided Bochdalek type diaphragmatic hernia. In this case, the Bochdalek type diaphragmatic hernia presented 10 months after a laparoscopic-assisted anorectal plasty was performed. Despite both ARM and congenital diaphragmatic hernia known to be associated with other congenital malformations, the association of these particular congenital abnormalities in an individual patient is uncommon.
Barriers and facilitators regarding the implementation of policies and programmes aimed at reducing adolescent pregnancy in Ghana: an exploratory qualitative study
Authors: Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Perry Lin , Brooks Fiona , Kang Melissa
Published: July 2022

Objectives

This study explored the perceived barriers and facilitators regarding the implementation of policies and programmes aimed at reducing adolescent pregnancy among health and education professionals (‘professionals’), grassroots workers and adolescent girls in Ghana.

Design and setting

We employed an exploratory qualitative study design involving interviews with professionals, grassroots workers and adolescent girls in the Central Region of Ghana.

Participants

This study involved 15 professionals employed in government or non-governmental organisations, 15 grassroots workers and 51 pregnant/parenting and non-pregnant adolescent girls.

Data analysis

Thematic analysis was conducted deductively using the ecological framework for understanding effective implementation.

Results

Eighteen themes mapped to the five domains of the ecological framework emerged. Perceived barriers included gender inequality, family poverty, stigma, community support for early childbearing and cohabitation, inadequate data systems, lack of collaboration between stakeholders and lack of political will. Effective implementation of community by-laws, youth involvement, use of available data, and collaboration and effective coordination between stakeholders were the perceived facilitators.

Conclusion

Political leaders and community members should be actively engaged in the implementation of adolescent sexual and reproductive health policies and programmes. Gender empowerment programmes such as education and training of adolescent girls should be implemented and strengthened at both the community and national levels. Community members should be sensitised on the negative effects of norms that support child marriage, gender-based violence and early childbearing.
Indomethacin-induced oxidative stress enhances death receptor 5 signaling and sensitizes tumor cells to adoptive T-cell therapy
Authors: Aboelella Nada S , Brandle Caitlin , Okoko Ogacheko , Gazi Md Yeashin , Ding Zhi-Chun , Xu Hongyan , Gorman Gregory , Bollag Roni , Davila Marco L , Bryan Locke J , Munn David H , Piazza Gary A , Zhou Gang
Published: July 2022

Background

Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) using genetically modified T cells has evolved into a promising treatment option for patients with cancer. However, even for the best-studied and clinically validated CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, many patients face the challenge of lack of response or occurrence of relapse. There is increasing need to improve the efficacy of ACT so that durable, curative outcomes can be achieved in a broad patient population.

Methods

Here, we investigated the impact of indomethacin (indo), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), on the efficacy of ACT in multiple preclinical models. Mice with established B-cell lymphoma received various combinations of preconditioning chemotherapy, infusion of suboptimal dose of tumor-reactive T cells, and indo administration. Donor T cells used in the ACT models included CD4+T cells expressing a tumor-specific T cell receptor (TCR) and T cells engineered to express CD19CAR. Mice were monitored for tumor growth and survival. The effects of indo on donor T cell phenotype and function were evaluated. The molecular mechanisms by which indo may influence the outcome of ACT were investigated.

Results

ACT coupled with indo administration led to improved tumor growth control and prolonged mouse survival. Indo did not affect the activation status and tumor infiltration of the donor T cells. Moreover, the beneficial effect of indo in ACT did not rely on its inhibitory effect on the immunosuppressive cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) axis. Instead, indo-induced oxidative stress boosted the expression of death receptor 5 (DR5) in tumor cells, rendering them susceptible to donor T cells expressing TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Furthermore, the ACT-potentiating effect of indo was diminished against DR5-deficient tumors, but was amplified by donor T cells engineered to overexpress TRAIL.

Conclusion

Our results demonstrate that the pro-oxidative property of indo can be exploited to enhance death receptor signaling in cancer cells, providing rationale for combining indo with genetically modified T cells to intensify tumor cell killing through the TRAIL-DR5 axis. These findings implicate indo administration, and potentially similar use of other NSAIDs, as a readily applicable and cost-effective approach to augment the efficacy of ACT.
Overtransfusion of packed red blood cells during massive transfusion activation: a potential quality metric for trauma resuscitation
Authors: Barmparas Galinos , Huang Raymond , Lee William G , Hashim Yassar M , Pepkowitz Samuel H , Klapper Ellen B , Margulies Daniel R
Published: July 2022

Objectives

The goal of this study was to explore the incidence of overtransfusion in trauma patients requiring massive transfusion protocol (MTP) activation and identify modifiable risk factors. We hypothesized that overtransfusion is common after MTP activation.

Methods

Patients admitted to a level I trauma center from July 2016 to December 2019 and who required MTP activation were selected. The primary outcome was overtransfusion, defined as a hemoglobin (Hg) ≥11 g/dL at 24 hours (±2 hours). A Cox regression model was used to identify independent risk factors for overtransfusion.

Results

140 patients met inclusion criteria. The median age was 39.0 years, with the majority (74.3%) being male. The median (IQR) Injury Severity Score (ISS) was 24.0 (58.0) and 38.4% had a penetrating mechanism. The median (IQR) admission Hg was 12.6 (11.7) g/dL. Overall, 71.4% of patients were overtransfused by the conclusion of MTP, 43.6% 24 hours later, and 29.5% at discharge. Overtransfusion did not correlate with the number of units of blood transfused nor with the duration of MTP. Overtransfused patients at 24 hours after the conclusion of MTP were significantly more likely to present with a penetrating injury (52.5% vs. 27.3%, p=0.003) and have a significantly lower ISS (median (IQR) 18.5 (44.0) vs. 26.0 (58.0), p=0.035.) In a Cox regression model, penetrating mechanism (adjusted HR (AHR): 2.93; adjusted p=0.004) and admission base excess (BE) (AHR: 1.15; adjusted p=0.001) were the only variables independently associated with overtransfusion.

Conclusions

Overtransfusion of trauma patients requiring MTP activation is highly common, leading to overutilization of a limited resource. Penetrating trauma and BE may be modifiable risk factors that can help limit overtransfusion. Overtransfusion should be tracked as a data point by blood banks and trauma centers and be further studied as a potential quality metric for the resuscitation of massively transfused trauma patients.

Level of evidence

III.
Higher-derivative field redefinitions in the presence of boundary
Authors: Garousi Mohammad R.
Published: July 2022

Recently it has been proposed that the consistency with T-duality requires the effective action of string theory at order $$\alpha '^n$$

α

′
n

to satisfy the least action principle provided that the values of the massless fields and their derivatives up to order n are known on the boundary. In this paper we speculate that this boundary condition constrains the field redefinitions and the corrections to the T-duality transformations in the presence of boundary, e.g., at order $$\alpha '$$

α
′

, the metric does not change, and all other massless fields should change to include only the first derivative of the massless fields. Using the above restricted field redefinitions, we write all gauge invariant bulk and boundary couplings in the bosonic string theory at order $$\alpha '$$

α
′

in a minimal scheme. Then using the assumption that the effective action of string theory at the critical dimension is background independent, we fix the coefficients of the tree-level gauge invariant couplings by imposing O(1, 1) symmetry when the background has a circle and by imposing O(d, d) symmetry when the background has $$T^d$$

T
d

. These constraints fix the bulk action up to an overall factor, and the boundary action up to two parameters. By requiring the gravity couplings in the boundary action to be consistent with those in the Chern-Simons gravity, the two boundary parameters are also fixed. Up to a restricted field redefinition, the bulk and boundary couplings are exactly those in the K.A. Meissner action and its corresponding boundary action.
Frobenius objects in the category of spans
Authors: Contreras Ivan , Keller Molly , Mehta Rajan Amit
Published: July 2022

We consider Frobenius objects in the category Span, where the objects are sets and the morphisms are isomorphism classes of spans of sets. We show that such structures are in correspondence with data that can be characterized in terms of simplicial sets. An interesting class of examples comes from groupoids.

Our primary motivation is that Span can be viewed as a set-theoretic model for the symplectic category, and thus Frobenius objects in Span provide set-theoretic models for classical topological field theories. The paper includes an explanation of this relationship.

Given a finite commutative Frobenius object in Span, one can obtain invariants of closed surfaces with values in the natural numbers. We explicitly compute these invariants in several examples, including examples arising from abelian groups.
A new fifth-dimensional Lorentz hyper-chaotic system and its dynamic analysis, synchronization and circuit experiment
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhu Xiaopeng , Yin Baoquan
Published: July 2022

This paper introduces a new five-dimensional hyper-chaotic system with hyper-chaotic attractors. Its typical dynamical behaviors are also analyzed. The existence of hyper-chaotic attractors has been verified through Multisim and MATLAB simulations as well as circuit experiments. The Lyapunov stability theory is used to realize the stagger and adaptive synchronization of the system. During this process, the two methods are used to demonstrate the feasibility and compare the synchronization speed in different cases. The experimental results show that the staggered synchronization will converge to the synchronized state in a short time than another. This hyper-chaotic system is implemented with simple physical components to illustrate its correctness and rationality.
Peripheral elements in reduced Alexander modules
Authors: Traldi Lorenzo
Published: July 2022

We discuss meridians and longitudes in reduced Alexander modules of classical and virtual links. When these elements are suitably defined, each link component will have many meridians, but only one longitude. Enhancing the reduced Alexander module by singling out these peripheral elements provides a significantly stronger link invariant. In particular, the enhanced module determines all linking numbers in a link; in contrast, the module alone does not even detect how many linking numbers are 0.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE SINGLE AND DOUBLE-LAYERED DEPOSITION OF ALUMINUM 6063 OVER EN8 MEDIUM CARBON STEEL USING FRICTION SURFACING
Authors: SAHOO DILLIP KUMAR , MOHANTY BHULOK SUNDAR , BHASKAR G. B.
Published: July 2022

This work estimates the optimum process parameters for the double-layer deposition of aluminum 6063 over EN8 medium carbon steel using friction surfacing. The control process parameters like axial force and feed rate of the consumable rod on two different deposition surface conditions, i.e. a good interface and a course interface during the process were investigated. The second layer deposition was performed over the roughness developed after the first layer deposition and contributed largely to the mechanical anchoring mechanism at the second coating interface. Assessment of the mechanical strength at the first coating interface (substrate/ coating 1) and second coating interface (coating 1/ coating 2) through bending and microhardness tests at both the interfaces was performed. The bending test results disclosed the existence of small delamination with no cracking at the second interface with a feed rate of 150[Formula: see text]mm/min at axial force of 5[Formula: see text]kN. An increase of 16.2% in the hardness value of consumable aluminum was seen at the first coating interface region. In contrast, the mean hardness at the second coating interface region was nearly the same as that of the consumable rod. Extensive studies of the surface coating and the microstructural features at both interfaces were performed through FESEM and EDAX analyses.
INSIGHTS ON ABRASIVE WATER JET MILLING OF BLIND POCKETS
Authors: NARESH RAJ K. L. , YUVARAJ N. , TANDON PUNEET
Published: July 2022

Abrasive water jet (AWJ) machining is one of the advanced machining techniques used in the industries for processing materials that are extremely difficult to machine using conventional machining techniques. Based on the flexibility of AWJ, this process is currently employed for milling blind pockets over different materials. The most frequent method for making blind pockets in AWJ is the controlled depth milling mode. This approach was carried out with the raster tool paths. The quality of the blind pocket surface is influenced by different AWJ parameters such as water jet pressure, traverse speed, step-over distance, abrasive flow rate, and abrasive types. Among these, the traverse rate was found to be an influencing factor in most of the AWJ milling operations as it determines the nozzle speed followed by the energy density of the abrasive particle drops while striking across the target material surface, which resulted in a controlled depth of cut. This review paper highlights the performance of the AWJ pocket milling operations with various materials. From these results, it is reported that most of the AWJ milled surfaces were found to be of rough quality even though they were using different milling tool path strategies and parameter conditions. In addition, the milled pocket defects, namely uneven flatness, grit embedment, and undercut were observed. Besides, future research and directions have been addressed in which some of the novel concepts/approaches have been introduced including the scale effect examination in AWJ with the use of different nozzle, orifice, and abrasive sizes. This study will be more helpful to produce blind pockets with tight tolerances and a significant reduction in the process defects. The outcomes of this study will bring new innovations to the AWJ milling technique in order to make a significant footprint in the manufacturing industries for machining quality blind pockets over the target materials.
Biosynthesis, characterization and nonlinear optical response of spherical flake-shaped copper oxide nanostructures
Authors: Sumantha H. S. , Suresha B. L.
Published: July 2022

The copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were synthesized via solution combustion approach with Bengal gram powder as a fuel. The XRD analysis confirms the monoclinic structure of CuO NPs. FT-IR spectrum reveals the formation of CuO NPs. SEM studies show that the NPs are nearly spherical, and the elemental composition was confirmed by EDAX. The absorption spectra revealed a direct optical band gap of 1.50[Formula: see text]eV. DFT calculations were performed to determine the HOMO–LUMO energy bandgap and found to be 1.72[Formula: see text]eV, which is in good agreement with the experimental value. The Z-scan technique was used to investigate the third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) characteristics using DPSS continuous wave laser (532[Formula: see text]nm, 200[Formula: see text]mW). A high reverse saturation absorption and negative nonlinear refractions were observed. Third-order NLO parameters [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] were found to be [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]cm/W, [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]cm2/W and [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]esu, respectively. The CuO NPs also displayed strong optical limiting behavior with a limiting threshold of 2.11[Formula: see text]kW/cm2.
Free Vibration Response of FG Porous Joined Hemispherical–Cylindrical–Hemispherical Shell Vessels Reinforced by Graphene Platelet
Authors: Zhang Danli , Wang Yong , Li Li
Published: July 2022

In this research, the natural frequency behavior of functionally graded (FG) porous joined hemispherical–cylindrical–hemispherical shell vessels reinforced by graphene platelet (GPLs) has been studied for the first time. Three various types of porosity distribution are assumed through the thickness direction of shell vessel. In the two types of porosity patterns, a pattern of porosities in metal matrix is symmetric and the other one is uniform. Besides, five GPL patterns are assumed for dispersing of GPLs in metal matrix. Extended role of mixture and Tsai-Halpin is used to determine the mass density and Young’s modulus of elasticity of the structure, respectively. By employing 3D elasticity theory, Hamilton’s Principal and FEM in conjunction with Rayleigh–Ritz method, the governing equations of motion of the joined shell vessel are obtained and natural frequencies are extracted. The impact of various factors such as coefficient of porosity, several porosity patterns along with different GPLs distributions and weight fraction of graphene nanofillers on natural frequency behavior of FG porous joined hemispherical–cylindrical–hemispherical shell vessels reinforced by GPLs nanofillers has been reported for the first time.
Mild stochastic sewing lemma, SPDE in random environment, and fractional averaging
Authors: Li Xue-Mei , Sieber Julian
Published: July 2022

Our first result is a stochastic sewing lemma with quantitative estimates for mild incremental processes, with which we study SPDEs driven by fractional Brownian motions in a random environment. We obtain uniform [Formula: see text]-bounds. Our second result is a fractional averaging principle admitting non-stationary fast environments. As an application, we prove a fractional averaging principle for SPDEs.
BFRA: A New Binary Hyper-Heuristics Feature Ranks Algorithm for Feature Selection in High-Dimensional Classification Data
Authors: Shaddeli Aitak , Gharehchopogh Farhad Soleimanian , Masdari Mohammad , Solouk Vahid
Published: July 2022

Feature selection is one of the main issues in machine learning algorithms. In this paper, a new binary hyper-heuristics feature ranks algorithm is designed to solve the feature selection problem in high-dimensional classification data called the BFRA algorithm. The initial strong population generation is done by ranking the features based on the initial Laplacian Score (ILR) method. A new operator called AHWF removes the zero-importance or redundant features from the population-based solutions. Another new operator, AHBF, selects the key features in population-based solutions. These two operators are designed to increase the exploitation of the BFRA algorithm. To ensure exploration, we introduced a new operator called BOM, a binary counter-mutation that increases the exploration and escape from the BFRA algorithm’s local trap. Finally, the BFRA algorithm was evaluated on 26 high-dimensional data with different statistical criteria. The BFRA algorithm has been tested with various meta-heuristic algorithms. The experiments’ different dimensions show that the BFRA algorithm works like a robust meta-heuristic algorithm in low dimensions. Nevertheless, by increasing the dataset dimensions, the BFRA performs better than other algorithms in terms of the best fitness function value, accuracy of the classifiers, and the number of selected features compared to different algorithms. However, a case study of sentiment analysis of movie viewers using BFRA proves that BFRA algorithms demonstrate affordable performance.
A note on gradient solitons on two classes of almost Kenmotsu manifolds
Authors: De Krishnendu , De Uday Chand
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the paper is to characterize gradient [Formula: see text]-quasi Einstein solitons within the framework of two classes of almost Kenmotsu Manifolds. Finally, we consider an example to justify a result of our paper.
Reorganization of the intramolecular hydrogen bonding network in 1,14-di(arylamino)-5,10-di(ethoxycarbonyl)-tripyrrins
Authors: Nishiyama Ayane , Tanaka Takayuki
Published: July 2022

Recently we have reported that 1,14-diaminated tripyrrins form a double helical structure via interstrand hydrogen bonding interaction in non-polar solvents. In this work, ethoxycarbonyl-substituted 1,14-di(arylamino)tripyrrins were prepared by nucleophilic substitution reaction. The structure has been revealed by X-ray analysis to be a ([Formula: see text]-syn, [Formula: see text]-syn) conformer stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the pyrrolic NH proton and the ester carbonyl oxygen atom. This conformer was likely formed as a meta-stable state in solution since thermal isomerization into a ([Formula: see text]-syn, [Formula: see text]-syn) conformer was observed in DMSO via NH tautomerization.
Calderón–Zygmund operators and their commutators on generalized weighted Orlicz–Morrey spaces
Authors: Deringoz F. , Guliyev V. S. , Omarova M. N. , Ragusa M. A.
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions for the weak/strong boundedness of the Calderón–Zygmund operators in generalized weighted Orlicz–Morrey spaces. We also study the boundedness of the commutators of Calderón–Zygmund operators on these spaces. Moreover, the boundedness of Calderón–Zygmund operators in the vector-valued setting is given.
Hida theory for special orders
Authors: Dall’Ava Luca
Published: July 2022

This note is devoted to the study of families of quaternionic modular forms arising from orders defined by Pizer. In this situation, the Hecke eigenspaces are 2-dimensional contrary to the classical case of Eichler orders. The main result is a Control Theorem in the spirit of Hida, interpolating these 2-dimensional Hecke eigenspaces. We restrict our attention to a definite rational quaternion algebra ramified at a single odd prime [Formula: see text].
Special values of ray class partial zeta functions
Authors: Belabas Karim , Diaz y Diaz Francisco , Friedman Eduardo
Published: July 2022

For totally real number fields, we show that the special values of narrow ray class partial zeta functions at negative odd integers depend only on the wide ray class associated to the given narrow class. At even nonpositive integers, we show that the same is true, but only up to sign. For a general number field, we prove similar results for the leading terms at special points.
Residue pattern for infinitely many primes
Authors: Karthick Babu C. G. , Mukhopadhyay Anirban , Sankaranarayanan A.
Published: July 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a nonempty finite subset of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be an arbitrary map (choice of signs for [Formula: see text]). We will say that [Formula: see text] has residue pattern [Formula: see text] modulo [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the Legendre symbol mod [Formula: see text]. For a given nonempty finite subset [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] with a choice of signs [Formula: see text] and a real number [Formula: see text], we obtain an asymptotic formula for the number of primes [Formula: see text] of the form [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] has residue pattern [Formula: see text] modulo [Formula: see text] which also satisfies [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] are integers with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. For an irrational [Formula: see text] and a real [Formula: see text], we also obtain an asymptotic formula for the same but primes [Formula: see text] of the form [Formula: see text] under certain assumption on [Formula: see text].
On k-fold super totient numbers
Authors: Harrington Joshua , Roman Melea , Vincent Andrew , Wong Tony W. H.
Published: July 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a positive integer and let [Formula: see text] be the set of positive integers less than [Formula: see text] that are relatively prime to [Formula: see text]. If [Formula: see text] can be partitioned into two subsets of equal sum, then [Formula: see text] is called a super totient number. In this paper, we generalize this concept by considering when [Formula: see text] can be partitioned into [Formula: see text] subsets of equal sum. Integers that admit such a partition are called [Formula: see text]-fold super totient numbers. In this paper, we prove that for every odd positive integer [Formula: see text], there exists an integer [Formula: see text] such that for all [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] is a [Formula: see text]-fold super totient numbers provided that some trivial necessary condition is satisfied. Furthermore, we determine the smallest allowable values for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text].
On the absolute convergence of automorphic Dirichlet series
Authors: Raghunathan Ravi
Published: July 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a Dirichlet series in the axiomatically defined class [Formula: see text]. The class [Formula: see text] is known to contain the extended Selberg class [Formula: see text], as well as all the [Formula: see text]-functions of automorphic forms on [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is a number field. Let [Formula: see text] be the degree of [Formula: see text]. We show that [Formula: see text], and hence, that the abscissa of absolute convergence of [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] must satisfy [Formula: see text].
Algebraic independence results for colored multizeta values in characteristic p
Authors: Yeo Yao-Rui
Published: July 2022

This paper studies multizeta values in positive characteristic, which are function field analogs of the Euler–Riemann multizeta values. The objective of this paper is two-fold. We first define mixed Carlitz motives, which is a counterpart to mixed Tate motives in characteristic zero. After that, we identify special mixed Carlitz motives, and use them to derive algebraic independence properties of colored multizeta values. Our results generalize those in the literature on algebraic relations between multizeta values.
Direct sum of various generalizations of h-lifting modules
Authors: Das Laba K. , Patel Manoj Kumar , Shum K. P.
Published: July 2022

In this work, [Formula: see text]-lifting modules, a special extension of [Formula: see text]-lifting which is a further generalization of lifting modules, are studied. Here, we observed that finite direct sum of [Formula: see text]-lifting modules may not be [Formula: see text]-lifting, so we provided various sufficient conditions for which [Formula: see text]-lifting modules are closed under direct sum. Moreover, we have introduced and studied the properties of a new version of [Formula: see text]-lifting module namely, [Formula: see text]-lifting, [Formula: see text]-lifting and completely [Formula: see text]-lifting modules and develop some more properties of the [Formula: see text]-lifting modules in terms of these modules. Further, we proved that if the direct sum of arbitrary family of hollow modules is [Formula: see text]-lifting, then the arbitrary direct sum of [Formula: see text]-lifting [Formula: see text]-module is again [Formula: see text]-lifting.
An Improved RRT* UAV Formation Path Planning Algorithm Based on Goal Bias and Node Rejection Strategy
Authors: Liu Haiying , Chen Jie , Feng Jianxin , Zhao Haiping
Published: July 2022

This paper proposes an improved RRT* formation path planning algorithm based on goal bias and node rejection strategy to solve UAVs’ formation path planning problems in a complex environment. Aiming at the position constraint problem of multi-UAV in the planning process, the leader–follower structure among UAVs and the formation configuration model are established. Furthermore, aiming at node redundancy and slow planning speed caused by the RRT* algorithm in a complex environment, this paper sets the goal bias information so that the random tree could find the initial path quickly. At the same time, this paper proposes a node rejection strategy to prevent the nodes that do not meet the pre-set conditions from participating in the subsequent expansion. Compared to the standard RRT-related algorithms, the proposed improved algorithm can shorten the planning time, reduce the number of algorithm iterations and improve the algorithm’s applicability in the formation path planning problem.
A GIS-based Methodology to Explore and Manage the Historical Heritage of Rabat City (Morocco)
Authors: Simou Sana , Baba Khadija , Nounah Abderrahman
Published: July 2022

The management of cultural heritage in Morocco is considered as a lever for local development. It constitutes an economic and social challenge of great value. Also, it is at the heart of the debate on tourism development and raises many questions about its preservation and valorization. This article is part of the implementation of a database of the historical heritage of Rabat city (Capital of Morocco) using the Geographic Information System (GIS), which will allow access to information and therefore the protection of this heritage. Indeed, only a rigorous inventory and periodic inventory of the cultural assets allows us to know its extent, assess its importance and specificity, prevent threats to archaeological sites and remains, and ensure the management of research. This systematic study consists of collecting and managing archaeological, textual, iconographic, and photographic information and documentation to create an archaeological database or thematic maps, and to provide a 3D view of these assets. Also, to evaluate the carrying capacity at the archaeological site of Chellah. Through our methodology, we have established an exhaustive inventory of the monuments and sites of Rabat city. Each site has been described, to evaluate its potentialities and historical phases, as well as an inventory of sites and heritage protection areas including adobe buildings.
Point-hyperplane Incidence Geometry and the Log-rank Conjecture
Authors: Singer Noah , Sudan Madhu
Published: July 2022

We study the log-rank conjecture from the perspective of point-hyperplane incidence geometry. We formulate the following conjecture: Given a point set in ℝ

d

that is covered by constant-sized sets of parallel hyperplanes, there exists an affine subspace that accounts for a large (i.e., 2

–polylog(
d
)

) fraction of the incidences, in the sense of containing a large fraction of the points and being contained in a large fraction of the hyperplanes. In other words, the point-hyperplane incidence graph for such configurations has a large complete bipartite subgraph. Alternatively, our conjecture may be interpreted linear-algebraically as follows: Any rank-
d
matrix containing at most
O
(1) distinct entries in each column contains a submatrix of fractional size 2

–polylog(
d
)

, in which each column is constant. We prove that our conjecture is equivalent to the log-rank conjecture; the crucial ingredient of this proof is a reduction from bounds for parallel
k
-partitions to bounds for parallel (
k
-1)-partitions. We also introduce an (apparent) strengthening of the conjecture, which relaxes the requirements that the sets of hyperplanes be parallel.

Motivated by the connections above, we revisit well-studied questions in point-hyperplane incidence geometry
without
structural assumptions (i.e., the existence of partitions). We give an elementary argument for the existence of complete bipartite subgraphs of density Ω (ε

2
d

/
d
) in any
d
-dimensional configuration with incidence density ε, qualitatively matching previous results proved using sophisticated geometric techniques. We also improve an upper-bound construction of Apfelbaum and Sharir [
2
], yielding a configuration whose complete bipartite subgraphs are exponentially small and whose incidence density is Ω (1/√
d
). Finally, we discuss various constructions (due to others) of products of Boolean matrices which yield configurations with incidence density Ω (1) and complete bipartite subgraph density 2

-Ω (√
d
)

, and pose several questions for this special case in the alternative language of extremal set combinatorics.

Our framework and results may help shed light on the difficulty of improving Lovett’s Õ(√ rank(
f
)) bound [
20
] for the log-rank conjecture. In particular, any improvement on this bound would imply the first complete bipartite subgraph size bounds for parallel 3-partitioned configurations which beat our generic bounds for unstructured configurations.
Green Planning of IoT Home Automation Workflows in Smart Buildings
Authors: Constantinou Soteris , Konstantinidis Andreas , Chrysanthis Panos K. , Zeinalipour-Yazti Demetrios
Published: July 2022

The advancement of renewable energy infrastructure in smart buildings (e.g., photovoltaic) has highlighted the importance of energy self-consumption by energy-demanding IoT-enabled devices (e.g., heating/cooling, electromobility, and appliances), which refers to the process of intelligently consuming energy at the time it is available. This stabilizes the energy grid, minimizes energy dissipation on power lines but more importantly is good for the environment as energy from fossil sources with a high CO2 footprint is minimized. On the other hand, user comfort levels expressed in the form of
Rule Automation Workflows (RAW)
, are usually not aligned with renewable production patterns. In this work, we propose an innovative framework, coined

IoT Meta-Control Firewall (IMCF
+
)

, which aims to bridge this gap and balance the trade-off between comfort, energy consumption, and CO2 emissions. The IMCF
+
framework incorporates an innovative
Green Planner (GP)
algorithm, which is an AI-inspired algorithm that schedules energy consumption with a variety of amortization strategies. We have implemented IMCF
+
and GP as part of a complete IoT ecosystem in openHAB and our extensive evaluation shows that we achieve a CO2 reduction of 45–59% to satisfy the comfort of a variety of user groups with only a moderate ≈ 3% in reducing their comfort levels.
Modeling the Geospatial Evolution of COVID-19 using Spatio-temporal Convolutional Sequence-to-sequence Neural Networks
Authors: Cardoso Mário , Cavalheiro André , Borges Alexandre , Duarte Ana Filipa , Soares Amílcar , Pereira Maria João , Nunes Nuno Jardim , Azevedo Leonardo , Oliveira Arlindo
Published: July 2022

Europe was hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic and Portugal was severely affected, having suffered three waves in the first twelve months. Approximately between January 19th and February 5th 2021 Portugal was the country in the world with the largest incidence rate, with 14-day incidence rates per 100,000 inhabitants in excess of 1,000. Despite its importance, accurate prediction of the geospatial evolution of COVID-19 remains a challenge, since existing analytical methods fail to capture the complex dynamics that result from the contagion within a region and the spreading of the infection from infected neighboring regions.

We use a previously developed methodology and official municipality level data from the Portuguese Directorate-General for Health (DGS), relative to the first twelve months of the pandemic, to compute an estimate of the incidence rate in each location of mainland Portugal. The resulting sequence of incidence rate maps was then used as a gold standard to test the effectiveness of different approaches in the prediction of the spatial-temporal evolution of the incidence rate. Four different methods were tested: a simple cell level autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model, a cell level vector autoregressive (VAR) model, a municipality-by-municipality compartmental SIRD model followed by direct block sequential simulation, and a new convolutional sequence-to-sequence neural network model based on the STConvS2S architecture. We conclude that the modified convolutional sequence-to-sequence neural network is the best performing method in this task, when compared with the ARMA, VAR, and SIRD models, as well as with the baseline ConvLSTM model.