bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The US Economic Statecraft Failure in the Application of the Caesar Act from 2019 to 2023
Authors: Raden Alvy Sekar Praja
Published: January 2025

This article aims to analyze the reasons for the failure of the United States (US) economic sanctions under the Caesar Act project, which were intended to bring about a change in the Syrian administration between 2019 and 2023. In 2019, the US implemented the Caesar Act project, which involved imposing the most comprehensive economic embargo on Syria. The Caesar Act imposed explicit restrictions on all types of foreign assistance and investment in Syria. The primary goal of the economic sanctions implemented under the Caesar Act was to exert pressure on the Syrian regime to bring about a change in government due to its severe breaches of human rights against its own citizens. Consequently, the economic sanctions had adversely affected the Syrian economy, while simultaneously exacerbating the living conditions of the people in Syria. In general, a nation's resilience weakened when it was unable to fulfil its internal stability and economic objectives. However, the Syrian government remains resolute and unwavering in its decisions. The US economic sanctions proved ineffective in addressing political transformation in Syria. This article used a qualitative methodology, utilizing triangulation techniques. This article concludes that the American economic sanctions, namely the Caesar Act, have failed due to the domestic component (stateness level) which allowed Syria to refuse or disregard the economic statecraft.
Young Electoral Perspective Against Money Politics In The 2024 Presidential Election (Case Study In The Village of Right-Wing Poverty, Single Circle)
Authors: Henny Sumaiga  , Mardian Idris Harahap
Published: January 2025

This research aims to explore young voters' perceptions of money politics in the 2024 presidential election in Pangi Village. In the context of local democracy, young voters in Pangi Village have an important role in the election process, but they are also vulnerable to unhealthy political influences. Using a qualitative approach, data was collected through interviews with young voters in Pangi Village to understand how they view to the practice of money politics. The research results show that the majority of young voters are aware of the existence of money politics in the presidential election, voters are more inclined to get information on social media and the role of the family in determining choices and the environment where the young people live. This indicates that there is community involvement in primary socialization through banners, banners have a direct comparison with the environmental system that occurs in society in shaping voter perceptions. The implications of this research support the need for efforts to improve political education, expand access to objective information, and build awareness of the implications of money politics to strengthen democratic integrity.
Effectiveness of Proportional Systems in Legislative General Elections In Legal Politics Perspective
Authors: Ichsan Maulana  , Gary Gagarin Akbar Muhamad , Abas Muhamad , Hidayat Anwar
Published: January 2025

The system used in the Indonesian Election is an open proportional system and a closed proportional system. The open proportional system that makes the winner of the most votes in the election creates an unfair competitive atmosphere between legislative candidates, this system dominates the practice of money politics and so on, the closed proportional system also has bitter experiences, the journey of elections since the New Order to the reformation which uses a closed proportional system based on serial numbers is considered to only produce people's representatives who are closer to the interests of political party elites and their groups who have personal interests. Legal Politics has a very important role as a basis for perspective in increasing the effectiveness of national legal development. This study uses descriptive and empirical socio-legal or non-doctrinal methods, applying special legal science research that combines legal norms with sociological aspects through the approach of legal principles and political behavior. To bring elections to an ideal level within the framework of democracy is not only limited to the election system, but must be in line with the awareness of moral values ??upheld by every citizen, both voters and election contestants. Therefore, an appropriate framework of thought is needed with the principle of appreciation in every norm of life. The open proportional system is more relevant to the principle of people's sovereignty, but improvements are needed to the mechanisms and technical provisions in its implementation. Improvements to the open proportional system are important to ensure that this system can run effectively and democratically.
The Practices of The Government In The Provision of Intolerance Between Religions and The Response of Society In The Cabpaten
Authors: Setiawan Juliandi , Warnisyah Harahap Elly , Harahap Salahuddin
Published: January 2025

This study examines government policies to prevent intolerant behavior among religious communities and the response of the community in Aceh Tanggara district. This study aims to identify policies that have been implemented by the local government and evaluate their effectiveness in preventing intolerant behavior. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and analysis of official documents. The results show that the government has adopted various policies, such as interfaith dialogue programs, multicultural education in schools, and inclusive religious social activities. Nonetheless, community responses show variations, ranging from full support to resistance. Factors influencing community responses include level of education, religious understanding and personal experience of religious harmony. The study concludes that although government policies are quite comprehensive, their successful implementation relies heavily on active participation and community awareness.
The Application of Zakat On Business Results As A Strategic Effort To Build The Economy of The People of Medan City
Authors: Aulia Nurul , Tanjung Dhiauddin , Matsum Hasan
Published: January 2025

This study aims to assess the essence of zakat on business results as an instrument in improving the welfare of the community and describe the implementation of zakat on business results as a strategic effort in building the economy of the people of Medan city. This research uses descriptive qualitative method to provide as much detail as possible about the implementation of business zakat. This research is a normative-empirical research with the research subjects of businesses in Medan city whose profits have reached nisab and haul. The object of this research is business zakat based on the Qur'an and hadith. The data collection technique used in this research is by collecting data from related literature such as the Qur'an, journals, books and other sources that support this research, then using reading and recording techniques. Data analysis techniques using descriptive techniques. The results of this study show: (1) Definition of Zakat on Business Results; (2) Businesses in Medan City that can be charged with Zakat on Business Results; (3) Application of Zakat on Business Results in the View of Islamic Law.
A Philosophical Study of The Existence of A Restorative Justice House As A Forum For Resolving Minor Criminal Cases In The Jurisdiction of The Palangka Raya District Attorney's Office
Authors: Kristanto Kiki , Fransisco Fransisco , Alfarizy Tomy , Saputra Fandra , Mawarni Mira
Published: January 2025

This study analyzes the existence of Restorative Justice House (Rumah Restoratif Justice) as a mechanism for resolving minor criminal cases in the jurisdiction of the Palangka Raya District Attorney's Office. The background of the problem shows an increase in the number of minor criminal cases resulting in excessive court workload and ineffective handling of conflicts in the society. In this context, Restorative Justice House emerges as an alternative solution that emphasizes restorative justice, where the main focus is the restoration of relationships between perpetrators, victims and the community. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the philosophical and practical role of Restorative Justice House in supporting the criminal justice system in Palangka Raya. This research seeks to answer the questions: What is the philosophical basis or main principle of the restorative justice house concept established by the Palangka Raya District Attorney's Office? What is the urgency of the existence of restorative justice houses in handling minor criminal cases in the jurisdiction of the Palangka Raya District Attorney's Office? The research method used was a qualitative approach with literature analysis and in-depth interviews with legal practitioners and communities involved in Restorative Justice House. The results of this study indicate that Restorative Justice House provides a practical solution to reduce the burden on the courts and strengthens the principles of restorative justice that are more inclusive and adaptive to local needs. The philosophical implications of Restorative Justice House underscore the importance of a restorative and rehabilitation-oriented approach, as opposed to a traditional retributive approach.
Banking Ïinduciaíy Píinciples in Anticipating Bad Loan Default (PT Bank BTPN Mitra Usaha Rakyat Tbk Teluk Betung Bandar Lampung Branch)
Authors: Marwan Marwan , Anggraini Rika , Iza Noor
Published: January 2025

Credit provided by banks basically contains risks, so in its implementation banks must pay attention to sound credit principles, including banks are not allowed to provide credit without a written agreement. Efforts to reduce the risk of loss in providing credit, require credit guarantees in the sense of confidence in the ability and ability of debtors to pay off their debts in accordance with the agreement. The problems in this study are: (1) How is the existence of the implementation of individual guarantees for lending to PT Bank BTPN Mitra Usaha Rakyat Tbk Teluk Betung Bandar Lampung Branch in the perspective of the Banking Law and legal guarantees? (2) What are the legal implications for default in the implementation of individual guarantees for lending to PT Bank BTPN Mitra Usaha Rakyat Tbk Teluk Betung Bandar Lampung Branch? The research approach used is a socio-legal research approach. Research data is sourced from doctrinal and non-doctrinal research data. The data is then processed through data selection, data classification and data preparation, then analyzed qualitatively. The results show: (1) The existence of individual guarantees for lending to PT Bank BTPN Mitra Usaha Rakyat Tbk Teluk Betung Bandar Lampung Branch in the perspective of the Banking Law is in accordance with the provisions of Article 8 that in providing credit, Commercial Banks must have confidence in the ability and ability of debtors to pay off their debts in accordance with the agreement. Meanwhile, from the perspective of legal guarantees, additional collateral is in accordance with Bank Indonesia policy. The receipt of collateral in the form of individual guarantees is basically only as an addition to confidence that the credit will run well due to the control of the insurer over the health of the debtor's business. (2) The legal implication for the occurrence of default in the implementation of individual guarantees for lending to PT Bank BTPN Mitra Usaha Rakyat Tbk Teluk Betung Bandar Lampung Branch is that the bank can directly collect the Guarantor to fulfill its obligations, if in the agreement the guarantor has expressly waived the privilege to demand that the debtor's assets be confiscated first. The Bank can collect the Guarantor through a lawsuit in the District Court and then execute it.
Policies and Strategies of Indonesia in Implementing Regulate to Facilitate to Boost National Digital Economy
Authors: Iza Noor , Marwan Marwan , Kusumogambriyanto Kusumogambriyanto
Published: January 2025

Digital developments must of course be utilized well so that digital economic improvement can be achieved. However, this achievement is certainly not accompanied by the proverbial applause and requires various strategies to achieve it. So, from a national perspective, this research was carried out with the aim of analyzing and expanding Indonesia's strategy in implementing regulations to facilitate the development of the digital economy. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a type of library study so that the data collection technique is carried out by collecting various documents that are related to the research focus. National data that is known to have been collected is then analyzed in depth so that the results of research regarding Indonesia's policies and strategies to facilitate the development of the digital economy are introducing Indonesia's confidence in achieving high targets for e-commerce, developing various strategies that can be used to develop important policies that are in line with dynamic nature of the digital economy, providing education to facilitate the achievement of digital economic strength, providing education and bringing MSMEs to digital platforms, maturing the use of digital payments at every level, building national digital talent, and utilizing community telecommunications network connectivity throughout Indonesia. With this, the national digital economy can improve as envisioned by the Indonesian state.
Settlement of Land Disputes Certificate of Ownership Rights Number 251/Mojosongo Subdistrict Jebres District Surakarta City Review of General Principles of Good Government In Law Number 30 Of 2014 Concerning Government Administration
Authors: Dzaini Wardi Ali , Maskur Ali
Published: January 2025

This research aims to determine the Settlement of Land Disputes, Ownership Certificate Number 251/Mojosongo Subdistrict, which can be called SHM No. 251/KM (OC No. 251/MS) through an approach to the principles contained in State Administrative Law in Law Number 30 of 2014 concerning Government Administration. This article uses a juridical-normative research method with library data sources and regulations related to legal documents. The results of this research are Land Dispute Settlement OC No. 251/MSfollowing the General Principles of Good Government (AUPB/GPGG) in the Government Administration Law so that the Semarang TUN court decision following the Principles of Justice, Usefulness, and Legal Certainty under Law Number 5 of 1986 concerning Administrative Courts State (PTUN), findings in related research also show that there are several deviations in the issuance of Land Ownership Certificates which are shortcomings of the Government Agency, namely the National Land Agency, in this case, SHM No. 251/KM includes Fictitious SHM, so it should be necessary to enforce, determine, protect the Law and related facilities more strictly and thoroughly in the Issuance of Ownership Certificate by the relevant agencies as well as fairer and more transparent law enforcement by the Semarang PTUN so that it complies with the Law. PTUN and State Administrative Law, as well as applicable Constitutional Law.
The Binding Force of A Fiducia Deed In Which There is An Element of Dwaling (Defect of Will)
Authors: Noor Aslan , Dibrata Shintadewi , Purnama Selly , Meliani Indri
Published: January 2025

Dwaling is a defect of will that can lead to the invalidation of an agreement if one party gives consent based on misinformation. This study uses the juridical analysis method to assess 50 fiduciary deed cases, of which 20% contain dwaling elements. The results show that dwaling often occurs due to the lack of in-depth verification by the notary and unclear communication between the relevant parties. As a result, fiduciary deeds containing dwaling are often declared null and void, causing financial losses for creditors and legal risks for debtors. This research highlights the importance of due diligence, transparency, and strict supervision of the notary profession to prevent dwaling and ensure legal certainty in fiduciary agreements. Recommendations include strengthening regulations, improving understanding of related parties, and stricter enforcement of notary ethical standards. This research aims to provide greater insight into the importance of integrity in fiduciary deed making and the steps needed to mitigate the risk of dwaling.
Semiotic Analysis of Cartoon Content on the Instagram Account Feed of the President of the Republic of Indonesia @Jokowi
Authors: Rahman Radif , Septariza Dodi , Nazurah Setiawan Filzah
Published: January 2025

In the era of growing technological developments, the delivery of messages is not only done directly but can also be delivered indirectly through social media. Instagram social media is one of the places to communicate. This study aims to understand the signs and visual meaning of the cartoon content on the @jokowidodo account feed on January 1, 2024 which contains Happy New Year greetings using Ferdinand De Saussure's semiotic theory. The method used is a descriptive qualitative method with a constructivist / interpretative paradigm. The results of the study found that there are 25 contents in one "Happy Birthday 2024" upload on the @jokowi account where each content has its own meaning such as the content "Kesmas Services" has the meaning that Joko Widodo wants to convey the priority of health services for people in all parts of Indonesia by making the 2024 health budget which has been planned at Rp. 186.4 trillion or 5.6% of the total APBN. This figure is 8.1% or Rp 13.9 trillion larger than in 2023. Political messages are also tucked away in the content, conveying the President's message of closeness to one of the 2024 Election Presidential candidates. So that the upload of the greeting "Happy Birthday 2024" is not only limited to greetings and hopes but also displays various kinds of Indonesian achievements until 2024 that have been carried out by President Joko Widodo.
Examining the Effectiveness of Using Bankruptcy as an Ultimum Remedy in Resolving Debt and Receivable Disputes: Case Analysis of PT Jawa Barat Indah
Authors: Millatus Shohihah  , Ali Murtadho Nazhif
Published: January 2025

Bankruptcy is a condition that causes a person or legal entity to become incompetent in carrying out legal actions. The Bankruptcy Law was originally created to protect creditors by providing a clear and definite mechanism for resolving unpaid debts. Debtors who have difficulty paying their maturing debts and believe that they are unable to continue payments can submit a PKPU to the Commercial Court. In bankruptcy, there are several important principles, one of which is the existence of debt. Debt is the main requirement for filing for bankruptcy, because without debt a bankruptcy case cannot be filed. Bankruptcy should belast resort, namely as the last solution or the last solution of the last in solving the problem. But in reality in the bankruptcy case of PT Jawa Barat Indah, Bankruptcy was just like premium remedy or the first resort. The author will provide a review and portrait of three important things. First, regulation of debt principles in the Bankruptcy Law; Second, bankruptcy principle as last resort; and Third, analysis of the effectiveness of the use of bankruptcy in cases of disputes over debts against the case of PT Jawa Barat Indah. The method in this article is normative juridical, Law No. 37 of 2004 became the primary legal material, library research is the technique of collecting legal materials in this article. Secondary legal material uses theory last resort as a benchmark and tertiary legal material as an elaboration of certain terms. Research results: 1) The principle of debt in UUK-PKPU has two equally strong opinions, namely the narrow angle (principal debt and interest) and the broad angle (performance obligation in civil law). 2) Bankruptcy as the last action after reorganization efforts, to prevent gaps, while filing for bankruptcy requires prior understanding regarding the implementation of agreements and the involvement of Debtors and Creditors.
Critical Review of Officials Making Land Deeds Who Do Not Comply With The Procedure For Making Authentic Deeds of Land Sale and Purchase Agreements
Authors: Junita Riska , Rosadiana Eber , Agustini Denti Dwi Ayu , Noor Aslan
Published: January 2025

The responsibilities of the Land Deed Official (PPAT) include administrative and legal responsibilities. Procedures that are not in accordance with the regulations for making authentic deeds of land sale and purchase agreements will have an impact on the strength of the deed of agreement and even on the Land Deed Making Official himself in accordance with Government Regulation Number 24 of 2016 concerning the Position of Land Deed Making Officials and regulations regarding the Code of Ethics for the Association of Deed Making Officials. Land. The implication of errors in the procedure for making the deed is that the PPAT was dishonorably dismissed from his position, and weakened the strength of the authentic deed of sale and purchase to become a private agreement. Factors that influence PPAT in violating the regulations for making authentic deeds, there are actions that PPAT must take in order to save the sale and purchase transaction, There is mutual trust between the parties including PPAT officials, Time factors and strong relationships cause PPAT to make authentic deeds that are not in accordance with procedures and procedures for making deeds in accordance with applicable regulations.
Protection of Children Personal Data in Digital Financial Services in Indonesia
Authors: Bernanda Gunawan Aloysius
Published: January 2025

This paper delves into the imperative factors for safeguarding children's personal data in digital banking services, highlighting the legal nuances and operational intricacies involved. As the banking sector increasingly integrates digital solutions, the protection of minors' data emerges as a critical concern, necessitating a thorough examination of the regulatory landscape and its practical implications. Focusing on Indonesia, the study scrutinizes national regulations on children's data protection within digital banking, juxtaposing these with international benchmarks, notably the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) framework adopted by European countries. This comparative analysis aims to unearth effective strategies and regulatory mechanisms that can fortify children's data privacy in the banking domain. Central to the discussion are the principles of consent, data minimization, and age verification, which are evaluated for their effectiveness in safeguarding young users' data. The paper assesses the technical and procedural measures that banks must implement to comply with these regulatory demands, ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of children's data. Challenges such as aligning technological advancements with stringent data protection standards are addressed, underscoring the pivotal role of various stakeholders, including regulatory bodies, banking institutions, and guardians, in cultivating a secure digital banking ecosystem for minors. Conclusively, the research proposes a set of recommendations aimed at refining Indonesia's legal framework regarding children's data protection in digital banking. By synthesizing insights from international practices, the study advocates for a holistic approach encompassing legislative reforms, technological enhancements, and educational initiatives to bolster the defenses around children's personal data in the digital financial landscape.
Legal Analysis of the Position of Personal Guarantee Owners in the Bank Credit Agreement Structure
Authors: Aslan Noor  , Yeti Setiawati  , Melliana Wijaya  , Rohmani Rodiah
Published: January 2025

Bank loans play a vital role in supporting economic activities in Indonesia. One important instrument in managing credit risk is a personal guarantee, which involves a third party or the debtor himself to guarantee repayment of the loan in the event of default. This study analyzes the legal position of personal guarantees in the structure of bank credit agreements in Indonesia, identifying the effectiveness and risks associated with the use of personal guarantees. The normative juridical research method is used to explore conceptual and statutory approaches, and compare practices in the field. The results show that although personal guarantees provide an additional layer of security for banks, their utilization must be followed by an in-depth assessment of the guarantor's financial condition and the legal agreement made. Strict regulations and the application of prudential principles by banks are important to ensure that personal guarantees are effective in reducing credit risk, while supporting sustainable economic growth.
Potential Management of Nusakambangan Island as a Special Area for Rehabilitation and a National Defense and Security Zone
Authors: Heru Yoga Pamungkas  , Adnan Madjid  , Irwan Triadi  , Pujo Widodo  , Achmed Sukendro
Published: January 2025

As an area restricted solely to the execution of penal functions, research interests, and mining activities, Nusakambangan Island primarily serves the purposes of securing and rehabilitating inmates. Consequently, the development of Nusakambangan Island should ideally focus on implementing a robust penitentiary system. Currently, however, development efforts on Nusakambangan Island are limited to constructing facilities supporting correctional institutions, overlooking its broader potential and functions for national interests. The aim of this study is to analyze the existing conditions to ascertain its potential and identify the challenges in managing Nusakambangan Island as a special area for rehabilitation, national defense, and security. The research methodology employed is qualitative, utilizing a participatory observation approach with full participation. Primary data was gathered through direct observation by the researcher, while secondary data was obtained through a juridical normative approach. The findings reveal that annual population migration into the Nusakambangan area is increasingly uncontrollable, sedimentation issues in the Segara Anakan area lack clear management, ongoing debates over island management persist, and the Directorate General of Corrections' limited authority over Nusakambangan Island exacerbates these complex issues. To optimize the penitentiary system, it is recommended that Nusakambangan Island be designated as a proportionally closed special area solely open for research, protected forests, and mining interests under clear policy directives.
The Impacts And Challenges Emanating As Consequence From The “Black, Grey, And White (BGW) List” On Port State Control In The Asia-Pacific Region
Authors: Hidayah Ferro
Published: January 2025

This study aims to describe the understanding of the flag-state administration, recognized organizations, and seafarers onboard regarding the implementation of the port State control for dealing with the impacts and challenges resulting from the results of inspections by port State control. The research relies on qualitative analysis. The primary data was obtained from personal experience and informal discussions with Port State Control Officers (PSCO) of Indonesia and related parties to this research. The secondary data was gathered from National regulations relating to the ratification of IMO conventions, the annual port State control reports in the Asia-Pacific region, publications of organization, sources of documentation, journal references, and various works and literature supporting this research's objectives. The ultimate responsibility of keeping the ship in compliance with international standards lies with the shipowner, flag States, and other relevant industry players. The "Black, Grey, and White List" is the driving force for the shipowners and flag State to encourage them to improve their performance. The goal of every flag State should be to appear high up on the list as possible. For example, the ship flags with a consistently low detention record by port State control will be on the White list. The flag state on the White list means meeting its obligation to register safe and seaworthy ships. It also puts the client at minimal risk of operational difficulties. It makes registering vessels with such flag status of interest to shipping associations to recommend that shipping companies or shipowners choose the appropriate flag.
The Relationship Between Isbat Marriage Polygamy Sirri and Supreme Court Circular Letter (SEMA) Number 3 of. 2018
Authors: N. Makfiyati  , Syafe’i Zakaria , Hidayat Ahmad
Published: January 2025

Following the issuance of SEMA Number 3 of 2018, polygamy has become a subject of considerable debate. This is due to the fact that the SEMA contains a sentence that allows for the application of isbat nikah for sirr polygamy marriages, despite the From the perspective of children's best interests, this is regarded as unacceptable by some legal practitioners and academics, who view it as contrary to the provisions of Marriage Law No. 1 of 1974 regarding marriage, as well as the prevailing Compilation of Islamic Law in Indonesia. This study aims to ascertain the position of isbat polygamy sirr in relation to the Marriage Law and the Compilation of Islamic Law, taking into account the provisions of SEMA Number 03 of 2018. Adopting a qualitative research approach with a normative legal perspective, the study draws primarily on library research, employing both a legal approach and a conceptual approach to data collection. Following an exhaustive investigation and deliberation, it can be concluded that the SEMA has effectively barred the possibility of obtaining an isbat nikah for polygamy sirr. The 3/2018 decree must be re-examined, particularly with regard to the relevance and suitability of the principles of benefit pertaining to women who are adversely affected by this action. The prohibition of this SEMA does not imply that the polygamous marriage in question is considered invalid. This is because the context of this SEMA solely pertains to the authority of judges. It can be interpreted that this SEMA acknowledges the religious validity of the marriage, thereby recognizing the legitimacy of the children produced from this union. The issuance of this SEMA, however, is a misstep as it has a detrimental impact on women in polygamous relationships.
Exploration of Local Wisdom in Land Dispute Resolution in South Central Timor District
Authors: Don Rade Stefanus , Peter Lay Benediktus
Published: January 2025

The increasing population density often leads to differences in views that can eventually trigger disputes, including disputes related to land. Based on the increasing population level, of course the need for land as a place to live and make a business is getting narrower because the land has been controlled by other communities, while other communities also need land to carry out the same activities, this is where the dispute occurs. The method used in this research is empirical juridical research. The results show that the characteristics of dispute cases that occur in Oel'ekam Village include inherited land disputes, customary land disputes and land boundary disputes. The form of local wisdom in the Oel'ekam Village community is oko mama and the advantages of this alternative resolution are that the settlement is quickly realized, low cost, confidential and unemotional while there are also weaknesses, namely the execution mechanism which is difficult because the way to execute the decision, depends on the good faith of the parties to resolve the dispute to completion and the mediator will not bring good results especially if insufficient information and authority is given to him.
Corporate Law on Corporate Social Responsibility in the Perspective of John Rawls' Theory of Justice
Authors: Imtihani Hajar , Arief Suryono  , Tri Agus Suswantoro  , Muhammad Nasser  , Heridadi Heridadi
Published: January 2025

In the era of globalization and complex business environments, justice in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is becoming increasingly important. CSR has become a central topic in the relationship between companies and society, focusing on social, environmental, and economic impacts. However, the main challenge lies in how to measure and apply the principles of justice in the implementation of CSR. This research will explore the application of John Rawls' Theory of Justice in the context of corporate social responsibility and its implementation in Indonesian regulations. Rawls' Theory of Justice, which emphasizes the fair distribution of resources and opportunities, is integrated into CSR regulations to create business practices oriented toward justice and sustainability. The research employs a normative juridical method using legal materials and a conceptual approach based on John Rawls' Theory of Justice. This study finds that while this theory provides a strong moral framework for companies in carrying out their social responsibilities, challenges arise in applying the principles of justice amid the complexities of the modern business world. This research offers concrete recommendations for companies and policymakers, including strengthening CSR regulations and enhancing transparency and stakeholder participation in corporate decision-making. The hope is that this research will contribute to shaping a more just and sustainable business environment in Indonesia.
Amdal Regulations In Indonesia Concerning Environmental Management and Preservation Law No. 32 of 2009
Authors: Zaini Ahmad
Published: January 2025

Decree issued by the environment minister Number 17 of 2001 regarding the kinds of company operations and initiatives that must carried out accompanied by an environmental impact analysis. The purpose of this study is to establish of EIA as a guideline that should be made before the process from pre-construction to production. This research has made people realize how important environmental issues and natural resources are for the survival of all creatures on Earth, including humans. Like the environment, it has limitations to provide life to humans. Environmental conservation is characterized as the maintenance of the environment as it is, but paradoxically, development utilizes it. On the contrary, those developments have made human life much better. Today, it seems that humans are facing difficulties. The age must accelerate development so as not to be left behind, but it must also maintain the stability of the environment so as not to destroy it.
The Influence of Islam on Political Preferences in the 2024 Legislative Elections in Kampung Arab Manado
Authors: Deluhula Prayogi Putra , Niode Burhan , Mamentu Michael
Published: January 2025

Islam is an inseparable part of this nation, playing a massive role in the historical development of national civilization. As the country with the largest Muslim population in the world in 2023, Islam's influence on Indonesia, including its politics, is significant, particularly in political preferences. Within the abundance of Indonesia's resources lies the unique entity of Kampung Arab Manado, a Muslim community amidst a predominantly Christian population in Manado City. This article examines the influence of Islam on political preferences during the 2024 Legislative Elections in Kampung Arab Manado. This study employs a quantitative method (explanatory research) by conducting a simple regression analysis. The study's results indicate that the influence of Islam on political preferences in the 2024 Legislative Elections in Kampung Arab Manado yields a significance value of 0.000, which is smaller than the probability of 0.05. Therefore, the hypothesis of this study is accepted, confirming that there is an influence of Islam on political preferences in the 2024 Legislative Elections in Kampung Arab Manado. The magnitude of Islam's influence on political preferences reaches 13%, meaning that the higher the influence of Islam, the higher the political preference tendencies in the community. Additionally, if the value of Islam increases by 1%, it will increase political preferences by 0.697 in the 2024 Legislative Elections in Kampung Arab Manado.
Temporary PPAT: Between Authority and Responsibility in Making Land Deeds in Indonesia
Authors: Maheswara Mohamad Yuflih Huda , Benny Djaja
Published: January 2025

This article will discuss the role of Temporary PPAT which held by Camat in land registration as preparation for deed making and its legal consequences. The legal basis used is Law Number 2 of 1998 on the Regulation of the Position of Land Deed Maker which has been amended through Government Regulation Number 24 of 2016 on the Regulation of the Position of Land Deed Maker. Temporary PPAT plays a role in making an authentic deed of transfer of land rights from the sale and purchase of the land in question by examining the certificate at the National Land Agency. With this obligation, the Temporary PPAT is responsible for the material and formal requirements of a deed by ensuring that the Temporary PPAT's obligations are carried out so that the parties can avoid land sale and purchase disputes. The method used is descriptive analysis with the conclusion that the position of Temporary PPAT has collided with the constitution that regulates PPAT is prohibited to be held by Civil Servants.
Hospital Responsibility for Medical Records Leaked by Medical Personnel Without the Patient's Consent
Authors: Margareth Cynthia Hutapea  , Adi Bungaran Panjaitan  , Sonya Airini Batubara  , Jusnizar Sinaga
Published: January 2025

Health history is a file that contains important notes or documents that contain the patient's identity regarding examinations, treatment, actions and services that have been provided to the patient. Medical records have a major influence on the legal relationship between hospitals and patients. This research examines two things, namely legal regulations related to the management of hospital patient files and the responsibility of hospitals to disclose confidential medical records. The author's aim in conducting this research is to analyze the responsibility of hospitals, especially medical personnel, if there is a data leak from a patient's medical history. This type of research is normative legal research, with emphasis on the study of legislation and literature, analyzing and revising applicable legal norms as a basis for problem solving. The research results show that the legal provisions contained in Law NO 17 of 2023 concerning health, medical personnel can be prosecuted for negligence in health services, including divulging medical secrets. Regulated in Article 301 paragraph (2) of Law NO 17 of 2023 concerning Health, medical personnel can be held responsible for actions/deeds related to the implementation of Health Services including medical records which cause civil and criminal harm to patients.
The Obstacles in Electronic Land Rights Registration and Their Solutions in land Sale and Purchase Cases
Authors: Yohanes  , Rasji
Published: January 2025

Abstract: This study analyzes the resolution of obstacles to electronic land rights registration in land sale and purchase cases. The rules in the Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Number 3 of 2023 concerning the issuance of electronic documents in land registration activities. This regulation regulates the issuance of electronic documents in land registration activities by setting limits on the terms used in its regulations. However, there are obstacles found in the implementation of land rights registration which were studied by the author using descriptive-analytical research methods, secondary data sources, and primary data, obtained from library research, and interviews with related parties. The results of this study are that land rights in the sale and purchase case cannot be registered because the buyer was declared dead shortly after the signing and there were registration obstacles in the PPAT account after confirmation to the relevant land agency, the heirs of the buyer are required to make a court decision.
Keywords: Deed; Applicant; Official Certifier Of Title Deeds; Electronic Certificate.
Ecological Losses in Cases of Environmental Damage Due to Mining Business Activities
Authors: Ruth Marthania Silaban
Published: January 2025

The reclamation after mining business activities provides concrete evidence of how should the management of ecological losses received by the environment due to environmental damage, which is often only from the aspect of economic value. But further than that actually, the ecological loss itself is how about restoring the environment that has been damaged. The calculation of reclamation also only calculates from an economic point of descriptive analytical method with a normative juridical approach. Based on the results of the first study, ecological losses generally only focus on how to compensate for the loss in economic value. Whereas further than that, the regulation of the calculation of ecological losses is environmental recovery which requires a longer time than just post-mining reclamation on an economic side only, but instruments in environmental law such as administrative instruments are needed as a preventive measure against ecological losses, civil as the responsibility of business actors, to criminal acts as a form of compliance in order to achieve law enforcement. Second, in applying the regulation in the field, legal practitioners do not define ecological loss”in the same voice. There are different interpretations that ecological losses in the perspective of law are that enforces define completely and equally that ecological losses are not only assessed from the financing of compensation.
Criminal Liability of Third Parties in the Crime of Embezzlement in Indonesia
Authors: Muhammad Nail Athallah  , Kayus Kayowuan Lewoleba
Published: January 2025

The function of law as a social controller is very important, especially in formulating effective policies and law enforcement, including in the context of criminal law that is oriented towards deterrent and restoration effects. This research aims to explore the criminal liability of third parties in the crime of embezzlement in Indonesia. The formulation of the problem includes the concept of third parties in embezzlement and their criminal liability. The method used is normative juridical legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches, and qualitative data analysis. The results show that third parties can be involved either directly or indirectly in the criminal act of embezzlement, and can be subject to criminal sanctions if proven to have knowledge of the origin of illegally obtained money. Legal handling of these third parties is important to close the loopholes for the main perpetrators and prevent money laundering. This research provides new insights into the complexity of criminal liability in embezzlement cases and its implications for law enforcement in Indonesia
Legal Aspects of City Branding for the Protection of Trademark Rights: City Branding of Ambon City of Music
Authors: Fransisca Jallie Pattiruhu
Published: January 2025

The issue that this paper seeks to address is how the Law 20 of 2016 regulates trademarks and geographical indications in relation to municipal branding. Normalcy in the law is the subject of this study. Law 20 of 2016, which regulates geographical indications and trademarks, is the subject of this study's investigation into the potential consequences of city branding. After then, a statute and a conceptual framework pertaining to trademark registration are used to examine the matter. Following this description, the author has drawn the following conclusions: One thing to keep in mind is that city branding is not specifically addressed in Law No. 20 of 2016, which regulates trademarks and geographical indicators. Second, because it does not contradict with anything that is forbidden or cannot be registered in a trademark registration application, city branding can be specifically registered as a city service or trademark. Thirdly, the city branding of Ambon City, known as “Ambon City of Music,” satisfies the elements of city branding previously mentioned. In addition, the brand “Ambon City of Music” is known among local and national communities as having given birth to or produced many singers and musicians in this city.
Unlawful Acts Committed By A Substitute Notary Regarding the Mortgage Deed they Drafted
Authors: Nadia Tasha Juniar  , Gunawan Djajaputra
Published: January 2025

The role of a notary is indispensable, as notaries are tasked with the duty and obligation to draft authentic legal deeds, which hold great significance, particularly in a legal state such as Indonesia. In certain circumstances, notaries may be required or permitted to take a leave of absence, commonly referred to as notary leave. To prevent any gaps in service, a substitute notary is appointed in accordance with prevailing regulations. These substitute notaries, in fulfilling their duties, are bound by the Law of The Republic of Indonesia Number 30 Of 2004 on Notary Profession. However, in the course of executing their responsibilities, a  Substitute Notary may contravene the Law on the Rules of Notary Profession or engage in unlawful act, raising questions regarding the accountability of a Substitute Notary in cases where they commit unlawful acts, such as in verdict number 395/Pdt.G/2011/PN. JKT. Sel. Writing method used in this study is a normative juridical research method.
The Responsibility of Local Government Towards UMKM Actors, A Case Study of the Curbing of Traders in the Peak Tourist Area
Authors: Della Kristina  , Yuwono Prianto
Published: January 2025

The Puncak tourist area in Bogor is one of the top destinations that attracts thousands of tourists every year. However, this increased tourism activity presents challenges related to public order and spatial management, particularly regarding street vendors who are often perceived as disruptive. The local government enforces vendor regulation to maintain the area's aesthetics and reduce congestion, but this policy often neglects the welfare of MSMEs that depend on trading in the area. This study aims to explore the responsibility of local governments in providing legal protection and support to MSME vendors, especially in the context of vendor regulation policies in the Puncak tourist area. Based on Law No. 23 of 2014 on Regional Government and Law No. 20 of 2008 on MSMEs, the government is obligated to create a conducive business environment and involve the community in policy-making. Findings show that enforcement without alternative solutions harms vendors socially and economically. Local governments need to adopt inclusive and participatory approaches to balance maintaining public order and protecting the welfare of small vendors
Optimizing Mediation Assistance as a Realization of Fair Dispute Resolution through the "Ayo Mediasi" Application
Authors: Yana Indawati  , Shinfani Kartika Wardhani  , Sascha Zahra Vernanda
Published: January 2025

Mediation, as defined in Article 1 point 1 of the Supreme Court Regulation (PERMA) No. 1 of 2016 concerning Mediation Procedures in Court, is a method of settlement that uses a negotiation process to reach an agreement between the parties with the assistance of a Mediator. Mediation must be used as a tool to reduce the number of civil cases in court. This study intends to achieve the ease of implementing mediation with high transmission, confidentiality of the parties' names, shorter phases, a quick process, and easy access to the community. This is a descriptive analytical study that takes a normative legal approach. The results of this research show that mediation service providers use the "Ayo Mediasi" application to resolve civil matters outside of prosecution, collaborate with mediators from professional law firms, and are eager to invite the parties to reconcile.