bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New material of Cretaceoushormiops Lourenço from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Arachnida: Scorpiones: Protoischnuridae)
Authors: XUAN QIANG , CAI CHEN-YANG , HUANG DI-YING
Published: December 2023

Among the scarce Mesozoic fossils, protoischnurid scorpions (Arachnida: Scorpiones: Protoischnuridae) represent a Cretaceous extinct group. In this study, we present the description of a new protoischnurid fossil, assigned to the genus Cretaceoushormiops Lourenço, from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Distinguished by a median suture and a comparatively short anterior margin in its carapace, the new specimen differs from all other species within Cretaceoushormiops. Our discovery sheds further light on the high diversity of mid-Cretaceous scorpions.
A new species of Cicadocoris (Hemiptera, Coleorrhyncha, Progonocimicidae) from the Middle Jurassic of the Jiyuan Basin, China
Authors: XU MIN-MIN , HUANG DI-YING
Published: December 2023

Progonocimicids are one of key representatives from the Middle-Late Jurassic Daohugou biota, the early assemblage of the Yanliao biota. Here we describe a new progonocimicid species, Cicadocoris henanensis sp. nov., from the Middle Jurassic Jiyuan Basin in central China. This not only represents a novel case indicating the abundance of progonocimicids during the Jurassic but also provides additional evidence substantiating the stratigraphic correlation between the Yangshuzhuang Formation in the Jiyuan Basin and the Haifanggou Formation in the Yanliao Region.
Phycocyanin-Incorporated Zirconium Dioxide Nanoparticles Activated by Photodynamic Therapy for Caries Affected Dentin Disinfection: “An Examination of Adhesive Bond Strength And Scanning Elemental Analysis”
Authors: Maawadh A. , Almohareb T. , Al Ahdal K. , Alshamrani A. S. , Al Deeb L. , Alrahlah A.
Published: December 2023

Aim: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of various disinfection regimes on the antimicrobial efficacy and bond integrity of CAD against two varieties of bacteria: lacto-bacilli and S. mutans. Material and methods: The investigation used SBS, SEM,
elemental analysis, disinfection procedures, and failure mode analysis. Biofilm was grown on CAD samples. The specimens were randomly separated into five groups for disinfection: Group 1 received CHX treatment, Group 2 (Phycocyanain) PC treatment, Group 3 PC-PDT, Group 4 PC@ZrO2
NP-PDT, and Group 5 CO2 therapy. After disinfection, CFUs were measured, specimens were reconstituted, and SBS was tested using a universal testing machine (UTM). Stereomicroscope analyzed failures. Kruskal-Walis tested group survival rates. ANOVA and Post Hoc Tukey were used to
calculate bond value mean and standard deviation for different disinfection techniques. All analyses used p<0.05. Results: The highest survival rate of S. mutans and Lactobacillus was found in group 2 CAD disinfected with PC only with no activation by PDT. The lowest
survival rate of both bacteria was seen in Group 4: PC@ZrO2NP-PDT. Conclusion: PC@ZnO2NP-PDT demonstrated robust antibacterial activity against lactobacillus and S. mutans, albeit with lower bond values when compared to CHX and CO2.
Fiscal transparency and tax morale: is the relationship shaped by perceptions of government performance and corruption?
Authors: Hsu Hung-Yi
Published: December 2023

The potential of fiscal transparency to improve tax morale (or the willingness to pay taxes) has been widely studied. However, the strength of the fiscal transparency-tax morale relationship may depend on how citizens perceive government performance and corruption. To probe these questions, this study draws on data from the World Values Survey Wave 7 (2017–2022), comprising 70,203 respondents from 48 countries, as well as various international governance indicators. The findings suggest that when individuals perceive more government corruption, fiscal transparency is associated with lower tax morale. In contrast, when individuals perceive better government performance, fiscal transparency has limited influence on tax morale. The results imply that the effect of fiscal transparency on tax morale is context dependent and, moreover, may backfire in countries with high levels of perceived corruption. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.

Points for practitioners

Citizens’ perceptions of government may influence their reactions to fiscal transparency. Efforts to boost willingness to pay taxes through greater fiscal transparency should also consider citizens’ views on government corruption.
Gestural Timing Patterns of Nasality in Highly Proficient Spanish Learners of English: Aerodynamic Evidence
Authors: Beristain Ander
Published: December 2023

Segment-to-segment timing overlap between Vowel-Nasal gestures in /VN/ sequences varies cross-linguistically. However, how bilinguals may adjust those timing gestures is still unanswered. Regarding timing strategies in a second language (L2), research finds that native (L1) strategies can be partially transferred to the L2, and that higher L2 proficiency promotes a more successful phonetic performance. My goal is to answer whether bilingual speakers can adjust their L1 coarticulatory settings in their L2 and to observe whether their L2 accentedness plays a role in ultimate attainment. Ten native speakers of Spanish (L1Sp) who were highly proficient L2 English speakers participated in Spanish and English read-aloud tasks. A control group of 16 L1 English speakers undertook the English experiment. Aerodynamic data were collected using pressure transducers. Each participant produced tokens with nasalized vowels in CVN# words and oral vowels in CV(CV) words. Four linguistically trained judges (two per target language) evaluated a set of pseudo-randomized sentences produced by the participants containing words with nasalized vowels and rated the speech on a 1 (heavily accented) to 9 (native-like) Likert-type scale. Measurements for onset and degree of overall nasality were obtained. Results indicate the L1Sp group can accommodate gestural timing strategies cross-linguistically as they exhibit an earlier nasality onset and increment nasality proportion in L2 English in a native-like manner. In addition, a positive correlation between greater vowel nasality degree and native-like accentedness in the L2 was found, suggesting L2 timing settings might be specified in higher spoken proficiency levels.
Citizen-Led Democratic Change: How Australia’s Community Independents Movement Is Reshaping Representative Democracy
Authors: Hendriks Carolyn M , Reid Richard
Published: December 2023

Many citizens are frustrated with their democracy, particularly with elected representatives and political parties. In some contexts, citizens have taken steps to disrupt the status quo and push forward their own novel democratic reforms. Research on these ‘citizen-led democratic innovations’ has focused primarily on how political crises mobilise citizens to form social movements that then go on to devise or co-produce novel participatory institutions. This article expands these existing understandings in two novel directions. First, it challenges the assumption that for citizens to lead democratic reform they first need to mobilise a large protest movement. Second, it expands procedural understandings of ‘democratic innovation’ by considering how citizens are innovating in and around the core institutions of representative democracy. The article draws empirical insights from extensive qualitative research into Australia’s Community Independents Movement, which reveals a place-based, locally led political movement pursuing democratic change to improve local representation in national politics.
“It Goes under the Radar!”: In/Visibility of Anti-Asian Racism from a Canadian Youth Perspective
Authors: Fang Lin , Lee Eunjung , Chan Kimberley , Al-Raes Maria , Nuesca Eumela
Published: December 2023

Guided by Fanon’s constructs of racial epidermal schema, this study explored youth’s experiences with anti-Asian racism (AAR) and their perspective on how AAR is formed and maintained. We recruited 36 Asian youth (age range 14–23 years) residing in a metropolitan city in Canada to attend a semi-structured focus group. Results from the reflexive thematic analysis indicated the tenuous lines of invisibility and visibility of AAR—in a Whiteness dominant racial schema. When Asian youth are objectified within the boundary of Whiteness norms, AAR is pervasive but inconspicuous, happening early and frequently in their life but unrecognized. When they are objectified as threats to Whiteness dominance such as during the COVID-19 pandemic, AAR is visible in forms of overt discrimination, violence, and hate against Asians. Youth attributed roots of AAR to White supremacy and critically discussed their racialization process. Their reflexive insights serve as a form of resistance to AAR.
When Texts Meet Emoji: A Multi-Stage Study of Tourism Brands
Authors: Wang Xiaowei , Cheng Mingming , Zhu Jingjie , Jiang Ruochen
Published: December 2023

Are social media posts with emoji more engaging? Guided by the media richness theory, this study explores the relationship between visual (i.e., emoji) and textual content, and how they collectively impact user engagement with peer-to-peer accommodation brands. A three-stage sequential design using naturalist data, including text mining, frequent/rare itemset mining, and one-way ANOVA, was used. This study revealed that the combination of { Travel Tips and Inspiration,[Formula: see text]} and { Interaction and Motivation,[Formula: see text]} tended to result in an increased amount of likes and shares in social media posts. By theoretically revealing and empirically examining the complex relationship between verbal and visual content, this study enriches the theoretical understanding of media richness in tourism brands. Practically, this study provides actionable guidelines for tourism brands to increase user engagement by effectively using visual-verbal content.
Operationalizing Transformative Tourism: Creating Dementia-Friendly Outdoor and Nature-Based Visitor Experiences
Authors: Page Stephen J. , Connell Joanne , Price Stephan , Owen Steven , Ledingham Katie , Clare Linda
Published: December 2023

A values-based approach embedded in the transformative tourism research paradigm is used to examine dementia-friendly outdoor and nature-based experiences. Interview and site audits were conducted to explore the visitor economy-nature-well-being nexus. Using thematic analysis, researchers set out to understand how organizational change can improve the visitor journey through values and actions that create an accessible visitor experience for people suffering from dementia. The findings show that while the current practice of providing events and tailored sessions for the local community is a good start, further development is needed; this paper offers selected pathways to becoming a dementia-friendly business, including the importance of an organizational champion and an accessible site and a nature-based experience or event that appeals to a wide audience. Theoretically, this work operationalizes transformative tourism and provides a framework for future work.
From Faces to Feels: The Impact of Human Images on Online Review Usefulness
Authors: Wang Luqi , Chen Ye , Xu Yuanyi , Lin Zhibin
Published: December 2023

This research draws upon visual rhetoric theory to investigate the influence of user-generated photos containing human images on the perceived usefulness of online reviews, the mediating role of perceived support, and the moderating effect of rebate disclosure. We conducted six empirical studies, including a social media analytics study and five experimental studies. The results indicate that online reviews containing human images, especially those with facial features, are perceived as more useful than those without, regardless of the reviews’ valence. Perceived support mediates this effect, while rebate disclosure weakens it. This study offers a fresh theoretical perspective and insights into the role of user-generated photos with human images in online reviews. Findings suggest that managers should prioritize visual rhetoric by incorporating human images in their communication with target customers, while also encouraging tourists to include these images in their posts, signifying support for the audience and improving content effectiveness.
Intergroup Identity Conflict in Tourism: The Voice of the Tourist
Authors: Zhang Carol Xiaoyue , Fong Lawrence , McCabe Scott
Published: December 2023

Over the last decade, political tensions between Hong Kong and mainland China over the territory’s status, culminating with the 2019/20 pro-democracy demonstrations, spilled over into tourism, with rising antagonism among “HongKongers” toward Chinese tourists. Central to these strained relationships are complex identity tensions that position HongKongers as distinct from mainland Chinese, despite being essentially “compatriots.” The sense of belonging to a social group is derived from the interactions that distinguish “us” from “others,” whilst the Chinese have been signified as “others” in this scenario, their perspectives on the issue are poorly understood. This study utilizes social identity theory to unpack these identity positions. Our results uncover changes in Chinese tourists’ reflections on perceived othering they experienced by HongKongers and how identity plays a significant role in redefining relationships between hosts and guests.
Perceived Intelligence of Artificially Intelligent Assistants for Travel: Scale Development and Validation
Authors: Ling Erin Chao , Tussyadiah Iis , Liu Anyu , Stienmetz Jason
Published: December 2023

This study developed a perceived intelligence scale for artificially intelligent (AI) assistants and investigated its impact on users’ travel-related behavioral intentions. A four-stage study with a mixed-methods design was conducted. Study 1 identified three dimensions and 26 initial items through a systematic literature review, interviews, and focus group discussions. Study 2 used exploratory factor analysis to refine the items. Through composite confirmatory analysis, Study 3 confirmed an 18-item and three-dimensional scale (conversational intelligence, information quality, anthropomorphism). Study 4 established the scale’s predictive validity in travelers’ intentions to use AI assistants to search for travel information and make travel bookings. This research made the first attempt to identify factors shaping users’ perceptions of AI assistant intelligence, extending the understanding of human-AI interaction and AI technology adoption in the travel sector. Furthermore, it provides actionable recommendations for the travel industry and AI developers when designing and deploying AI assistant services.
Getting Away From It All: Development of a Scale to Measure Escapism
Authors: Frochot Isabelle , Lenglet François
Published: December 2023

For many decades, tourism researchers have identified escape from daily life as a prime motivation for taking vacations. However, the construct of escapism—a state experienced during vacations—remains misunderstood, in part because it has been investigated mainly as a motivation or state within a simplistic experience economy framework. The current research therefore presents a newly developed scale that reflects the multidimensionality of escapism. Developed through several rounds of qualitative and quantitative data, this first fully validated scale measures escapism in tourism, identifies escapism’s three dimensions (escaping dailyness, escaping self, and time pressure), and demonstrates how escapism relates to other variables such as memory and well-being. The scale items in turn offer guidelines for managers to design services that free vacationers from reminders of daily life and identify elements that are more conducive to escapism.
‘Crushed all over again’: the professional experiences of early career counselling psychologists in South Africa
Authors: Haine Phillipa , Booysen Duane D , Young Charles
Published: December 2023

Counselling psychology in South Africa has recently emerged from a tumultuous period, stemming from regulatory efforts in 2011, which negatively impacted on the profession’s status and viability. While the definition and scope of counselling psychology arguably demonstrate improvements in aligning with global practices, concerns persist surrounding the work opportunities and professional experiences of counselling psychologists, particularly those in the early stages of their careers. This study aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of the professional experiences of early career counselling psychologists in South Africa. The pool of participants were 10 early career counselling psychologists (females = 7, males = 3, period in service = 1–10 years). The participants completed semi-structured interviews on their early career professional experiences, as well as the meanings they attributed to these experiences. An interpretative phenomenological analysis of the data revealed three group experiential themes: (1) the complexity of finding and securing work; (2) navigating an array of personal, professional, and systemic challenges, and (3) self-acquiring support. The findings suggest that despite the unique and valuable skills and knowledge counselling psychologists possess, the participants struggled to successfully transition into the workforce, resulting in feelings of anxiety, frustration, and professional disillusionment. The findings indicate enhanced support is needed at various levels to address the needs and bolster the wellbeing, utilisation, and retention of counselling psychologists in their transition into the South African workforce.
Exploring primary mental healthcare nurses’ perceptions of the post-treatment needs of women admitted for psychiatric treatment
Authors: Fraser Khelsey , Lukic Hannah , Mamabolo Koketso Nelly , Viljoen Amy-Jean , Ferreira Shannen , Gwadiso Xolisa , Jenkins Sinesipho , Mateane Warona , Nkuna Munene , Adonis Tracey-Ann , Florence Maria , Isaacs Serena Ann , Jackson Kyle
Published: December 2023

Primary mental healthcare nurses are an essential workforce that provide necessary inpatient psychiatric treatment. Continuity of care has become a significant aspect of the provision of mental health services. However, caring for South African healthcare users comes with challenges, including difficulties accompanying the provision of care for acutely ill patients with complex mental health problems. Therefore, this study explored the perceptions and experiences of primary mental healthcare nurses concerning the continuity of care required in post-inpatient psychiatric treatment for mental health users from low-income communities in the Western Cape. Through undertaking a study using a qualitative exploratory design and purposive sampling technique, and in which nine primary mental healthcare nurses from two psychiatric hospitals in the Western Cape were interviewed, the researchers were able to obtain a deeper understanding of the participants’ experiences. Four themes were identified during the reflexive thematic analysis namely: the roles and responsibilities of primary mental healthcare nurses, the lack of support within the current continuity-of-care system, barriers to continuity of care for women patients, and suggested improvements for quality of mental healthcare. It was evident that both women patients and primary mental healthcare nurses experienced various forms of marginalisation, discrimination, and gendered oppression. This intersectionality accentuates systemic issues within the current public healthcare system and highlights the stigmatisation of mental illness, especially among women. Overall, primary mental healthcare nurses have a plethora of roles and responsibilities within the primary healthcare sector, which hinder their ability to provide mental health services to women patients. Their reports highlight the needs of a specific patient population that first need to translate into changes that will assist in improving their roles as primary mental healthcare nurses. Their shared experiences of a lack of support from South Africa’s healthcare system were the focal points of this study.
Framing the Transfer Experience for Community College Students: Connection, Preparation, Support, Advocacy, and Resilience
Authors: Sandoval-Lucero Elena , Lindsey Janell , Klingsmith Libby , Chavez Rebecca
Published: December 2023

Objective/Research Question: This practitioner-scholar study investigated perceptions and experiences of community college students who transferred upon completion of their associate degree programs in Colorado, a state with multiple state-level transfer policies. Each student participated in a cohort-based transfer support program offered at their community college. The research questions were:

1. Do community college students who participated in transfer programing while earning their associate degree perceive that it helped prepare them for successful transfer?

2. Do community college students perceive that their courses prepared them to be successful at a university?

3. What are the perceptions and experiences of community college students who transferred upon completion of their associate degree programs within a context of a state with multiple transfer policy initiatives? Methods: This study used a phenomenological approach and qualitative data collection methods. Results: While students believed their community colleges prepared them academically, and their transfer preparation programing was beneficial, their reflections highlight that regardless of support provided, academic preparation, or policy context, transfer from community college to university is challenging, problematic, and bureaucratic. Often community college students are viewed with a deficit lens by university staff. Conclusions/Contributions: Regardless of state policy context, transfer preparation, and support, obstacles encountered in the transfer process from community college to university must be negotiated through relationships and advocacy both on the part of college staff and the students themselves. However, students who transfer from a college with dedicated transfer support and preparation demonstrate resilience to complete the process successfully.
Buddhism Revamped for Socialism: The Monastic Economy on Mount Jiuhua from 1949 to 1966
Authors: Ouyang Nan
Published: December 2023

This article explores rarely accessed local archives to reveal the fate of a renowned area of Buddhist activity—Mount Jiuhua—from 1949 to 1966 and the impact of the Chinese Communist Party regime’s economic and religious policies on the region’s religious communities. Specifically, it examines how the authorities attempted to utilize all the tangible and intangible resources of the Buddhist communities on Mount Jiuhua—including human capital, land, buildings, religious instruments made of metal, and cultural and historical status—to consolidate their grip on power and stimulate the area’s economic development. While the local cadres encouraged young clerics to disrobe, forced others to engage in physical labor, confiscated monastic landholdings, and expropriated metal instruments, they also dispensed relief to elderly and disabled clerics and funded the renovation of key monasteries. In the face of this unprecedented interference, the clerics made full use of the mountain’s reputation to argue with the authorities and renegotiate the boundaries of legitimate religious activities.
Tatian and the Arabic Diatessaron: Mark’s Ending as a Case Study
Authors: Monier Mina
Published: December 2023

Written in late second-century Rome, Tatian’s Diatessaron is one of the earliest and most influential Gospel harmonies in history. The original text of the Diatessaron was lost, and its surviving translations suffered from alterations. However, the attention of scholarship has recently shifted toward revisiting the Arabic Diatessaron with the aim of gathering fresh evidence from its text. This study examines Mark 16 in the Arabic Diatessaron, considering an innovative approach to its text with a new body of evidence. I will study ibn at-Ṭayyib’s style of translating and understanding the Diatessaron based on his catena commentary on the four (separate) Gospels, using three newly identified witnesses that, for the first time, grant us access to the entire catena in its original recension. I will then analyze the text of Mark 16 in the Arabic Diatessaron in comparison with other editions and Gospel witnesses. I will show that the Arabic Diatessaron provides a set of readings that can be attributed to Tatian’s original work. Finally, I will provide an apparatus of the Arabic text, based (for the first time) on the entire corpus of witnesses, and a translation.
Tactile Graphics Literacy Expectations for Pre-Kindergarten Through 5th Grade Students
Authors: Herzberg Tina S. , Rosenblum L. Penny , Wild Tiffany
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The use of tactile graphics promotes the full inclusion of students with visual impairments in primary and secondary school classrooms. However, without real-life experiences and specialized training, students may not have the conceptual knowledge needed to successfully participate in academic instruction and standardized assessments. This research explored the tactile graphics used in the early grades, as well as the experiences and needs of teachers of students with visual impairments. Methods: During spring 2022, an online survey was open to teachers of students with visual impairments in the United States. Results: Sixty-eight teachers of students with visual impairments completed the survey. They identified graphical items that students are introduced to, at different grade level bands, with 35 of 45 items being introduced by the end of third grade. Discussion: Students should be taught how to systematically explore a variety of tactile graphics and learn about the different ways in which information can be presented. Teachers requested additional training and materials to promote student success. Implications for Practitioners: Tactile graphics literacy skills should be taught, beginning at an early age, so that students who read braille can access and engage with core curriculum content.
Why Russia invaded Ukraine and how wars benefit autocrats: The domestic sources of the Russo-Ukrainian War
Authors: Ferraro Vicente
Published: December 2023

Contrary to Vladimir Putin’s geopolitical arguments, there was little chance that a full-scale invasion of Ukraine would benefit Russia’s position in the European balance of power and enhance its overall security. Instead, I argue that Putin’s decision was based on domestic interests, mainly the regime’s legitimation, a major pillar of authoritarian stability. Using a multi-method research design, I demonstrate that the war has significant potential to boost Putin’s popularity, nationalism and authoritarian preferences in society, as well as to strengthen his image as the country’s heroic protector. As in several autocracies, the instrumentalization of security concerns and existential threats are a powerful source of regime cohesion. These arguments are corroborated by data from Russia’s current and previous conflicts, such as elites’ discourse, analysis of repressive policies, and public opinion polls on Putin’s rule and authoritarian preferences. The regime needs a hostile ‘West’ and a threatening Ukraine for self-legitimation.
Bridging the digital divide: The influence of digital feedback on the digital capabilities of the rural elderly
Authors: Ma Jiaojiao , Fang Gege , Guo Kejing
Published: December 2023

The aging population in China has made the digital divide among the elderly an eye-catching issue for society and academia. This study aims to address how to enhance the digital capabilities of seniors, narrow the intergenerational digital divide, and improve the elderly's adaptation to digital life. With a keen eye on digital feedback, this study explores the mediating effect model of digital feedback on the digital capabilities of the elderly. The empirical results derived from the survey of the rural elderly in China (N = 458) show that: 1.digital feedback, digital access, smartphone usage behavior, and digital capabilities are positively correlated with each other; 2. digital access and smartphone usage behavior play a chain-mediated role between digital feedback and digital capabilities; 3. The digital feedback, digital access, smartphone usage behavior, and digital capabilities of empty nesters in rural areas are lower than those of non-empty nesters. This study makes theoretical contributions to understanding how digital feedback affects the digital capabilities of the elderly.
Impacts of evidence-based nursing combined with enteral nutrition on nutritional status and quality of life in acute cerebral infarction patients: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Dang Jinfeng , Li Guangling , Wu Qiong , Pian Gaoyan , Wang Zhijun
Published: December 2023

Objective

To explore the impacts of evidence-based nursing (EBN) combined with enteral nutrition (EN) on nutritional status as well as quality of life in acute cerebral infarction (ACI) patients.

Methods

In this randomized controlled cluster trial, 80 ACI patients admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected and randomly separated into study group (SG) and control group (CG), with 40 patients in each group. Patients in CG received routine nursing, and patients in the SG received EBN combined with EN. The neurological function, limb movement ability, nutritional status, anxiety and depression, incidence of complications and quality of life between two groups were compared.

Results

After intervention, the NIHSS score in the SG was lower than that in the CG (CG = 5.62 ± 0.56, SG = 3.27 ± 0.33. p < .001). The FMA score in the SG was higher compared with the CG (CG = 52.58 ± 5.32, SG = 68.85 ± 6.87. p < .001). The Hb level, TP level and ALB level in the SG were higher relative to the CG ( p < .001). The Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) scores in the SG were lower in comparison with the CG (SAS score: CG = 42.32 ± 4.25, SG = 36.28 ± 3.64; SDS score: CG = 48.27 ± 4.85, SG = 40.06 ± 4.05. p < .001). The incidence of complications in SG was lower than that in CG. Finally, we found that SF-36 scores in the SG in all dimensions were higher than those in the CG (Physiological function: CG = 70.23 ± 7.05, SG = 82.71 ± 8.26. Role function: CG = 66.28 ± 6.64, SG73.39 ± 7.36. Physical pain: CG = 70.67 ± 7.06, SG = 82.69 ± 8.29. General health: CG = 58.74 ± 5.86, SG66.62 ± 6.65. Mental health: CG = 53.68 ± 5.37, SG = 62.39 ± 6.31. Energy: CG = 60.75 ± 6.08, SG = 67.87 ± 6.78. Social function: CG = 76.25 ± 7.25, SG = 85.78 ± 8.59. Emotional function: CG = 61.23 ± 6.15, SG = 75.74 ± 7.56. p < .001).

Conclusion

EBN combined with EN can improve the nutritional status and the quality of life in ACI patients compared with the traditional routine nursing, and is suggested as a valuable strategy for clinical management of ACI.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Developing Research Methods and Metrics in Macromarketing
Authors: Stanton Julie V. , DeQuero-Navarro Beatriz , Domegan Christine , Wooliscroft Ben
Published: December 2023

In addition to summarizing the articles included in this Special Issue, this editorial introduction provides a content analysis of 22 years of the Journal of Macromarketing with a focus on quantitative studies. Linking the rich foundation of macromarketing scholarship with novel and purposeful quantitative analysis can provide the evidence needed to help convince policymakers to change the system. Yet macromarketing scholarship has not capitalized in this way on its strengths in explaining marketing and societal connections from a macro perspective. As conceptual models are developed, authors should consider how to support quantitative researchers in extending and testing those models, and all macromarketing scholarship should be purposeful in developing future research agendas that continue their important momentum.
Reinforcing mechanisms in compression of LDPE/HDPE foams by the incorporation of ethylene plasma-treated B4C
Authors: Ku-Herrera José de Jesús , Soriano-Corral Florentino , Soria-Arguello Gustavo , Castro Ricardo H. R. , Jiménez-Barrera Rosa Martha , Bolaina-Lorenzo Ena Deyla , Amparán-Estrada Ana Cristina , Durón-Sánchez Lyndon Humberto Israel , Martínez-López Katia Dafne Daniela , Hernández-Murillo Christian Geovanni , Escalera-Velasco Luis Alberto , Vega-Carrillo Héctor René
Published: December 2023

The role of the incorporation and ethylene plasma surface modification of B4C to reinforce foams based on low-density (LDPE) and high-density (HDPE) polyethylene blends, under compression, is investigated herein. Characterization of B4C was achieved through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Composite foams, containing 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 wt% of B4C, were characterized by SEM, differential scanning calorimetry, and compression testing. The increase of C-C bonds and the disappearance of oxygen-containing functional groups upon surface treatment confirmed that ethylene polymerizes on B4C forming strong chemical interactions. Both pristine and plasma-treated B4C in LDPE/HDPE foams act as nucleation agents yielding smaller cell size ( d), higher cell density ( N c ), and higher crystallinity ( X c). The reinforcing mechanisms were analyzed considering N c , X c, and the B4C-matrix interactions. The foams reinforced with 2.0 wt% of plasma-treated B4C exhibited the highest improvements, with increments of ∼190% in the elastic modulus, 200% in the yielding strength, and 150% in the toughness at 50% of deformation, retaining the lightweight of the foams without B4C. This study presents valuable insights for developing advanced lightweight foams with improved mechanical properties, particularly for applications in cushioning automotive components, consumer goods, and biomedical devices.
Effects of Gamified Python Programming on Primary School Students’ Computational Thinking Skills: A Differential Analysis of Gender
Authors: Sun Lihui , Liu Junjie
Published: December 2023

Computational thinking (CT), as a new future-oriented literacy, has gained attention at the basic education level. Graphical programming is the common way to develop CT in primary students, but this drag-and-drop programming may weaken students’ understanding of programming’s abstract concepts and code logic. Text-based programming approaches can solve the problems faced by graphical programming, but few studies have explored the impact of text-based programming on CT. Therefore, we conducted a quasi-experimental study with 98 6th graders to explore the impact of gamified Python programming on CT. The findings showed that CT skills, as well as abstraction and decomposition, pattern recognition and evaluation in CT sub-skills, were significantly higher with students in the experimental group than in the control group. Furthermore, we found that gamified Python programming enabled boys and girls to reach the same level of CT skills. However, in terms of CT sub-skills, we found that gamified Python programming was more beneficial to the development of pattern recognition and evaluation skills for boys and abstraction and decomposition skills for girls. This demonstrated the effectiveness of gamified Python programming to improve primary students’ CT skills while clarifying the impact of gender and enriching research in the field of text-based programming.
Examining Police Officers’ Perceptions of Automated License Plate Readers Before Technology Expansion
Authors: Shjarback John A.
Published: December 2023

Automated license plate readers (ALPRs) are one of the most recent technological advancements that have rapidly diffused across U.S. law enforcement. A majority of the large police agencies utilize APRs, yet little empirical and evaluative research has been conducted on this technology. This study seeks to (a) synthesize what is known about ALPRs and (b) examine police officers’ perceptions of ALPRs before a major expansion of the technology in a single agency in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Using an officer survey of 110 respondents, results found that those with prior experience using the technology, younger and more inexperienced officers, and those with stronger guardian orientations possessed more positive perceptions of the ALPR expansion. Prior experience using ALPRs also served as a protective factor by being associated with lower levels of skepticism toward the technology expansion; those officers with stronger warrior orientations had higher levels of skepticism. Practical considerations and directions for future research are discussed.
Mediating Citizen Complaints Against Police Officers: Community Viewpoints From Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Wallace Wendell C.
Published: December 2023

Given the confrontational nature of citizen–police interactions, citizen complaints against the police are inevitable. In Trinidad and Tobago, citizen complaints are frequently ventilated via litigation or through a range of police-led and non-police-led investigations. However, it has been argued that these mechanisms for resolving citizen complaints against the police are ineffective. With this in mind, there is need for alternative mechanisms to resolve citizen complaints against police officers, and mediation has emerged as the leading contender. Despite the proclivity toward mediation, the phenomenon has attracted sparse scholarship in Trinidad and Tobago. As a result of this lacuna, this study employs a qualitative approach to measure (a) citizens preference for mediation or traditional mechanisms of complaint resolution and (b) citizens willingness to use mediation to resolve complaints against police officers in Trinidad and Tobago, if mediation becomes available.
Occupational Rehabilitation or Self-Change? Practices for Self-Change in an Occupational Rehabilitation Group for Ultra-Orthodox Low-SES Women in Israel
Authors: Sagiv Zuri Gitit , Shoshana Avihu
Published: December 2023

This article is based on ethnographies in an occupational rehabilitation group for unemployed and underemployed Jewish ultra-Orthodox low socioeconomic status women in Israel. The ethnographies tracked the cross-cultural encounter between ultra-Orthodox women and an organization that uses neoliberal practices in its occupational rehabilitation. The findings revealed the implications of practices promoting autonomy and freedom to choose, psychologizing structural barriers, and simulating the occupational world in a group setting. They also demonstrated ultra-Orthodox women’s agentic solutions for dealing with the discursive clash they experienced between the collectivist and neoliberal discourses. They used collectivization—familiar to them from their ultra-Orthodox culture—to respond to the demands for individualism and freedom to choose, which enabled them to proceed on their own terms. This article discusses intercultural encounters in the context of occupational rehabilitation for minority groups and the importance of designing culturally sensitive facilitation practices that include cultural translation.
Legal Advisors and Family Business Owners: A Transaction Cost Understanding of “the Ownership Contract”
Authors: Haag Kajsa , Almlöf Hanna , Madsen Marina B. , Neville Mette
Published: December 2023

Family business owners are dependent on legal advice to control ownership changes and uphold a functional balance between owners. This advice spans both family law and business law. However, family business owners are found to underutilize the legal instruments available, especially for small- and medium-sized enterprises. We explore the market for legal advice provided to family business owners. Our findings describe specific ownership costs that decrease owners’ willingness and ability to contract. This avoidance of ex ante costs puts the owners at risk of extensive ex post costs that could ultimately jeopardize the business.
Synergies or silos? Exploring human rights considerations in sustainability reporting practices in the Nordics
Authors: Muñoz Carmona Lorena
Published: December 2023

Voluntary National Reviews (VNR) have become a valuable instrument for states to share their experiences in the implementation of the Sustainable Development Agenda. VNRs provide useful information on implementation gaps and opportunities, as well as a country's understandings of sustainability over time. Considering the strong overlap between the 2030 Sustainability Agenda and human rights, states should consider the later in their elaboration of VNRs. This article proposes a comparative study of Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden's VNRs to clarify whether and how human rights considerations are integrated into their SDG implementation reporting. The research highlights the existence of silos between some SDGs and internationally recognised human rights, but also points to some strongly consolidated synergies. It also addresses conceptual and policy mismatches, and the key role that civil society and the private sector play bridging human rights and sustainability.
Dynamic characteristics of ISRFT blowout considering camber angle under typical driving conditions
Authors: Wang Xingyu , Zang Liguo , Lv Tian , Li Yaowei
Published: December 2023

Run-flat tires are a significant way to prevent the tire blowout traffic accidents and the inserts supporting run-flat tire (ISRFT) can successfully address the problem of zero-pressure driving after the tire blowout. The dynamic response characteristics must be developed using a reasonable tire model since the characteristics of vehicles fitted with this run-flat tire following tire blowout differ from those of normal tires (NT). In this paper, steady-state mechanical characteristics tests were carried out to obtain the mechanical characteristics after the theoretical analysis of the zero-pressure rolling for the ISRFT. Secondly, a dynamics model based on the UniTire model was developed for ISRFT with the consideration of camber angle. Finally, the effect of various camber angles on the tire blowout parameters of vehicles equipped with ISRFT and NT was compared using three sets of typical working conditions, which demonstrated the superiority of the ISRFT. The results indicate that the optimal characteristic of the vehicle equipped with ISRFT compared to vehicles equipped with NT is improved by 14.02% under steering conditions and 12.75% under double lane change conditions. This study provides a foundation for improving the autonomous characteristics of vehicles.
The ‘social’ in psychiatry and mental health: quantification, mental illness and society in international scientific networks (1920s–1950s)
Authors: Marques Tiago Pires
Published: December 2023

The post-World War II international mental health movement placed significant emphasis on the concept of the ‘social environment’, a true paradigm shift in thinking about the causes of mental illness. Rather than focusing on individual risk factors, experts and policy-makers began to consider the interplay between social context and mental health and illness. Also, during this period, quantification gained prominence within the expanding field of Western psychiatry. Eventually, the concept of the ‘social’ became fragmented into quantifiable social determinants that could be correlated with mental illness and subjected to systematic neutralization. This trajectory paved the way for the prevailing biomedical psychiatric epidemiology. This broader inquiry challenges us to redefine our understanding of the ‘social’ in the context of mental health research and practice.
Impacts of ethical climate and ethical sensitivity on caring efficacy
Authors: Tang Fiona Wing Ki , Ng Marques Shek Nam , Choi Kai Chow , Ling Gigi Cheuk Chi , So Winnie Kwok Wei , Chair Sek Ying
Published: December 2023

Background

Caring practice begins with awareness of the suffering of patients in a given context. Understanding the interrelationship between the perceived ethical climate of the clinical environment and the ethical sensitivity and caring efficacy of nurses is crucial for strengthening the caring competency of nurses.

Research aim

This study aimed to examine the associations between the ethical climate of the clinical environment and the ethical sensitivity and caring efficacy of nurses and to investigate the mediating effect of ethical sensitivity on the association between ethical climate and caring efficacy.

Research design

This was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional descriptive correlational design. The participants completed an online survey that measured the ethical climate, ethical sensitivity and caring efficacy using the Hospital Ethical Climate Survey, Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire-Revised and Caring Efficacy Scale, respectively.

Participants and research context

The study recruited 293 nurses from two general hospitals that provided acute in-patient and extended care in Hong Kong.

Ethical considerations

Ethical approval was obtained from the ethics committee of the university and the hospitals involved. Written consent was obtained from the participants.

Results

Ethical climate was associated with caring efficacy ( β = 0.340, p < .001) and ethical sensitivity ( β = 0.197, p < .001). After adjusting for ethical climate, ethical sensitivity was associated with caring efficacy ( β = 0.860, p < .001). Ethical sensitivity showed a significant mediating effect on the association between ethical climate and caring efficacy (indirect effect = 0.169, 95% confidence interval: 0.097 to 0.261), which accounted for 50% of the total effect.

Conclusions

The study reveals the complex and interwoven relationship between contextual and personal factors that affect nurses’ caring efficacy from an ethical perspective. It provides insights into the significant roles of ethical climate and ethical sensitivity in strengthening caring efficacy. The results suggest theoretical and clinical implications for professionalisation.
Validation of Employee Job Performance (EJP) Scale in an Arab Working Environment: The Case of Healthcare Providers in Emergency Departments in Jordan
Authors: Smadi Audai Naji Khaled Al , Amaran Safiya , Yaacob Najib Majdi bin
Published: December 2023

Job performance is an essential contributing factor to hospital success because it appraises healthcare providers’ (HCPs) job performance. Achieving the purpose of measuring HCP’s job performance in the emergency department requires a valid, reliable, satisfying psychometric properties scale. This study aims to verify the validity and reliability of the employee job performance (EJP) scale developed by Na-Nan et al. (2018) . Two steps were followed to verify the validity and reliability of the EJP scale, namely, instrument validation and statistical testing, including exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). A survey questionnaire was distributed to the HCPs in two phases to collect the data in the period of April–July 2020. The findings failed to replicate the Na-Nan et al. (2018) EJP scale. Two items were dropped from the scale based on the content validity ratio results. The EFA yielded 11 items and two dimensions, and CFA yielded 9 items and two dimensions. The two dimensions name job quality (five items) and job time (five items). The goodness of fit of the model was defined as satisfactory with a value of Chi-square/ df 2.63 and RMSEA < 0.08, TLI, GFI and CFI ≥ 0.90. The results of this study failed to replicate Na-Nan et al. (2018) findings. The final results indicated a two dimensions scale consisting of job quality and job time construct. In general, the two dimensions EJP scales meet the goodness of fit, and the results confirm the reliability and validity of the two dimensions EJP scale.