bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Critical Reading of C.S. Song’s Asian Third-eye Liberation Theology for a Myanmar Intercontextual Liberation Theology of Pyithu-dukkha
Authors: Moe David Thang
Published: October 2020

Choan-Seng Song appeared when Asian theology was largely unknown to the world. He is one of the foremost Asian theologians to sing an Asian melody in a contextual key. His theology, however, is largely ignored today. This article rediscovers a new voice in Song for Asian contemporary theology. It pays particular attention to Song’s conceptualization and contextualization of Christology and its implications for his renowned hermeneutics of Asian Third-eye liberation theology. The author puts Song in a dialectical dialogue with his new hermeneutics of a Myanmar intercontextual liberation theology of Pyithu-dukkha and argues that liberation theology is deeply grounded in our spiritual and social reflection on God’s orthopathy (heart) and orthopraxy (hand). The article concludes by going with and beyond Song’s vision of Asian liberation as limited to the oppressed by proposing an inclusive liberation of both the oppressed and the oppressors. It shows how such an inclusive liberation can be attainable for a mutual vision of liberation from and liberation for. It is suggested that Asian Third-eye liberation theology should be reconceptualized and recontextualized as an orthopathic and orthopraxic theology that gives witness to the compassion and passion of Jesus Christ who takes a stand with the oppressed, resists and reconciles the oppressors for an embracive communion with him and with one another by the healing power of the Spirit.
Gender Justice in Muslim-Christian Readings: Christian and Muslim Women in Norway: Making Meaning of Texts from the Bible, the Koran, and the Hadith, by Anne Hege Grung.
Authors: Heidelberger Kathryn Bradford
Published: October 2020

review of Gender Justice in Muslim-Christian Readings: Christian and Muslim Women in Norway: Making Meaning of Texts from the Bible, the Koran, and the Hadith, by Anne Hege Grung.
Can Interreligious Dialogue Provide a New Space for Deliberative Democracy in the Public Sphere?
Authors: Hedges Paul
Published: October 2020

This paper uses Singapore and the UK as two case studies to explore the concept of deliberative democracy with specific reference to the way that interreligious dialogue is and may be used in the public sphere. The two countries are chosen as representing differently located but broadly secular nations where, nevertheless, religious and interreligious activities have prominence. The differences and similarities of the notion of secular as well as the way that religion and interreligious activity relate to the state are noted. While both countries have promoted interreligious dialogue primarily as a tool for social cohesion it is noted that this activity does not tie easily or neatly into conceptions of deliberative democracy. Employing ideas from Jürgen Habermas and other theorists of deliberation, some central aspects of what deliberation may be in the context of deliberative democracy are explored. It is suggested that interreligious dialogue is far from a simple solution to promote harmonious relations within such a context, but nevertheless it is noted that what is often termed the “dialogue of action” has the potential to improve social cohesion. It is noted that much interreligious dialogue may actually go against some of the principles often sought within deliberative democracy but this is not seen as invalidating the practice within the public sphere.
Why We Need an Engaged Interreligious Theology
Authors: Schmidt-Leukel Perry
Published: October 2020

In contrast to various recent trends, this paper understands the engagement in “engaged interreligious theology” primarily as an engagement with the various religious truth claims. The overall goal of such engagement is not defined in terms of political or practical commitment but as the search for truth. Although the question of how the religions assess the salvific potential of other faiths and the compatibility or incompatibility of their respective beliefs has significant political implications, the paper argues that political or ideological interest must not take precedence over an open inquiry into truth according to the general standards of academic scholarship.
War, Musar, and the Construction of Humility in Modern Jewish Thought
Authors: Claussen Geoffrey D.
Published: October 2020

This article considers how the musar (virtue-focused) tradition in Jewish ethics may shape Jewish moral judgments on questions of war and peace, focusing on various constructions of the virtue of humility in modern Jewish thought. It gives particular attention to concepts of humility advanced by Menachem Mendel Lefin, the leading figure of the Polish Haskalah, and it suggests that Lefin’s model of critical selfassessment, especially if carried out in partnership with those from different nations or traditions, could help to restrain the misplaced pride, enthusiasm, and impulses to dehumanize enemies that may emerge at times of war. The article brings Lefin’s approach into dialogue with three Jewish thinkers who argued that proper humility should in some cases encourage the use of violence and even the dehumanization of enemies: the Lithuanian Orthodox rabbi Simhah Zissel Ziv, the American Reform rabbi Kaufmann Kohler, and the militant Orthodox Israeli rabbi Meir Kahane.
What Would a Religious History of goop Look Like?
Authors: Logan Dana
Published: October 2020

This is a response to the responses on my article about Goop and asceticism. The response considers the meaning of "history" in the study of American religion today and considers possible alternatives to the types of genealogy that scholars in the field are using.
"Porn Again Christians"
Authors: Faulk Danae
Published: October 2020

Book review of Johnson, Jessica. Biblical Porn: Affect, Labor, and Pastor Mark Driscoll’s Evangelical Empire. Publisher: Durham: Duke University Press, 2018. ISBN: 9780822371533.
Nature and Function of the Religious Studies Book Review
Authors: Tite Philip
Published: October 2020

This essay (as part of the Editor's Corner) offers an overview of the book review as a tool for teaching, researching, and engaging in scholarly conversations. It functions as a guide for those entering academic publishing and is designed as a resource for students and instructors.
Intercultural Theology and Missiology
Authors: Paas Stefan
Published: October 2020

Missiology must become a truly intercultural theological discipline, processing the insights and experiences of Christians from all over the planet, including the vast majority who find that evangelism is the heart of mission. Such an intercultural missiology will take mission seriously as transcultural witness, proclamation, and persuasion (Feldtkeller 2013).
Intercultural Theology
Authors: Yong Amos
Published: October 2020

My proposal is that a Pentecostal approach to theology, normed by the Day of Pentecost narrative (rather than by modern Pentecostal theological developments) invites an intercultural stance. The many tongues unleashed by the Pentecostal Spirit empowers many aesthetic, philosophical, and religious testimonies of which witnesses demand intercultural discernment.
Interformation
Authors: Sydnor Jon Paul
Published: October 2020

Under which circumstances should Protestant Christians participate in the ritual of the religious other? And when should we invite the religious other to participate in our own rituals? These questions raise a host of theological and ethical issues. This chapter will analyse several cases of interreligious ritual participation from a variety of analytical perspectives. The discussion is of critical contemporary importance, as people of faith enter into situations of interreligious practice more frequently. Whether attending a roommate’s synagogue, a neighbour’s mosque, a relative’s church, or a coworker’s temple, opportunities to transgress ritual boundaries are numerous. At the same time, the permutations of the various interreligious situations severely complicate any analysis. Nevertheless, the interreligious decisions we make have spiritual implications for the individuals involved, sociological implications for their communities, and political implications for the broader society. Since the decisions are so consequential, we must make them with theological and ethical awareness. This chapter elucidates some theological and ethical implications of interreligious ritual participation. It concludes by offering guidelines for participation in the rituals of other religious traditions, while acknowledging that the variety of possible situations demands a contextual ethic.
On Whether Christians Should Participate in Buddhist Practice
Authors: Farwell James
Published: October 2020

Can Christians participate in Buddhist practice? The author, a Christian in an incarnationalist-sacramental tradition who practices in the Soto Zen lineage, answers the question in the affirmative, suggesting that one must risk the experience of practice to judge the legitimacy of practice; but also suggests that this will not be the only Christian answer to the question. The answer depends in part on one’s view of ritual as a way of knowing; on one’s understanding of the nature and complexity of religions; and on one’s account of religious plurality. The author concludes that a judgment about interreligious practice will depend on these and other factors, as well as on the experience and the particulars of the life story and location within a religious tradition of the person asking the question.
Ritualizing Interreligious Encounters
Authors: Moyaert Marianne
Published: October 2020

To this day, there is strikingly little interest for the ritual dimension of interreligious relations; i.e. how the encounter between believers belonging to different religious traditions is concretized and materialized through ritual. This article argues that the neglect of the ritual dimension of interreligious encounters unduly limits our understanding of interreligious relations. I intend to broaden the scope of interreligious studies by drawing interrituality into the research program of interreligious studies. Before exploring some of the expressions of interrituality, I want to probe after the reasons why interreligious scholars tend to overlook the ritual dimension of interreligious relations. I ask the following question: Given the fact that our understanding of the dynamics of interreligious relations closely related to the way we understand religion (and vice versa), is it possible to trace back this disregard for ritual in the field of interreligious studies to a certain understanding of religion, which likewise downplays the importance of ritual for religious life? Next, I will turn to ritual studies and try to bring into focus the novelty and importance of this research domain. In the last part of this lecture, I bring both interreligious studies and rituals studies together, by turning to interrituality as a new framework for studying interreligious relations. The aim of this article is to begin to map the field of interrituality by pointing to its manifold expressions.
Editor’s Foreword
Authors: Pratt Douglas
Published: October 2020

Welcome to the second issue of the first volume of ISIT.
Identity of Catholic Schools in Multi-religious Contexts
Authors: Chia Edmund Kee-Fook
Published: October 2020

The phenomenon of religious pluralism is a fact that needs no further discussion. How society and institutions are negotiating its impact, however, certainly needs further scrutiny. Schreiter's call for the construction of local theologies invites us to explore how the preaching of the Gospel has to adapt to the realities of new situations. The present article focuses on Catholic educational institutions and how they are dealing with the multi-cultural and multi-religious communities that are now found not only outside of the schools and universities but also within them as well. Its concern is with how the identity and mission of these Catholic institutions are expressed and measured in the new contexts, taking seriously the teachings of the Church on the role they play in its evangelizing mission.
Lived Catholicity
Authors: Kirch Jeffrey S.
Published: October 2020

Both Pope Francis and Robert Schreiter recognize that the world has been profoundly affected by conflict, globalization, and the breakdown of relationships on multiple levels. They also assert that the Church must address these situations. The ecclesiologies of both Schreiter and Francis offer effective tools for this work. This article will examine several key, shared concepts within their ecclesiologies. Specifically, their understandings of the missionary nature of the Church and their robust understanding of catholicity prove to be key concepts in the Church's response to a world marred by sin.
Decolonizing Western Christianity for a Genuine Catholicity of Culture
Authors: Abraham Susan
Published: October 2020

Does Robert Schreiter's proposal for a new catholicity secure a decolonized theology of culture? This essay discusses salient elements of Schreiter's theological proposals and suggests that postcolonial theologies of culture avoid the twin pitfalls of identity politics and erasure in the Western academic study of theology by employing the methods of deconstruction. Identity claims, knowledge claims, and theological claims are to be persistently critiqued for their tendency towards totalization. Only such a practice of deconstruction aiding an active spirituality can secure a decolonized theology of culture.
Interreligious/Interfaith Studies: Defining a New Field, edited by Eboo Patel, Jennifer Howe Peace, and Noah Silverman
Authors: Mirza Younus Y.
Published: October 2020

Interreligious/Interfaith Studies: Defining a New Field, edited by Eboo Patel, Jennifer Howe Peace, and Noah Silverman. Beacon Press, 2018. xi–xxi + 262pp. Pb., $20. 978-0-8070-1997-9
Contemporary Tibetan Buddhist Rimé Response to Religious Diversity
Authors: Pang Rachel
Published: October 2020

In a world where communities across the globe are becoming increasingly interconnected, encounters with diverse cultures and faiths are inevitable. How can diverse communities approach these encounters in a way that fosters dialogue rather than conflict, peace rather than war? Specifically, in the context of Buddhism, how should Buddhists relate to religious diversity in a way that simultaneously remains faithful to their own spiritual traditions while being openminded and respectful towards the beliefs and practices of others? One of the most well-known Buddhist responses to religious diversity was the rimé movement in nineteenth-century eastern Tibet. While the term “rimé” (meaning “impartial” or “non-sectarian” in Tibetan) has become a catchphrase in contemporary Tibetan Buddhist contexts, there has been little sustained engagement with this topic by Buddhists and Buddhist studies scholars. This essay documents and contextualizes the contemporary uses of the term rimé (non-sectarianism) in Tibetan Buddhist communities and situates it within Tibetan Buddhist literature and history. I argue that it is essential for both Buddhists and Buddhist-studies scholars to devote significant attention to the concept of rimé and to engage in interfaith dialogue. For Buddhists, the very survival of their religion depends on it. For Buddhist-studies scholars, it contributes to the development of an accurate understanding of one of the most significant intellectual moments in modern Tibetan history. For humankind, it contributes to interfaith understanding, harmony, and peace.
Buddhism and Beyond
Authors: Duckworth Douglas S.
Published: October 2020

This article discusses Buddhist responses to religious diversity. I use the logical form of the tetralemma made famous by N?g?rjuna to clarify the ways that Buddhists can be seen to relate to other religions. With four alternatives, I discuss Buddhist claims to truth in terms of their being singularly absolute, one among many, both, and neither. As is evident in the presence of the third and fourth alternatives of the tetralemma, rigid dichotomies (like one and many, exclusivism and pluralism) are often false, for both (and neither) are live options. A key difference rests on the interpretation of ultimate truth, and in particular, whether the ultimate truth of emptiness is interpreted as a claim to the indeterminate nature of reality or its undetermined nature. The undetermined involves a participatory attitude of openness, and a healthy suspicion of preconceptions that determine and delimit the ultimate truth. Thus, the undetermined refers not so much to a descriptive truth, but rather to how one comports oneself in the world – with humility and openness. In parallel with this distinction between openness and certainty, I also spell out differences between claims and attitudes in an example from Tibetan traditions, with reference to the so-called “nonsectarian” (ris med) movement in particular. I argue that the difference between claims and attitudes can help clarify what it means to be “nonsectarian,” and thereby bridge the difference between maintaining an exclusively Buddhist claim and having an attitude that reaches beyond Buddhism.
Religious Diversity and Dialogue
Authors: Tilakaratne Asanga
Published: October 2020

With the understanding that one’s views on religious diversity shapes one’s attitude to interreligious dialogue, in this article I try to articulate how the Buddha perceived the phenomenon of religious diversity and then to discuss how this perception could inform the Buddhist practice of interreligious dialogue. I begin this discussion with reference to the diversity of views held by the Roman Catholics themselves on interreligious dialogue and the Colonial and more recent history of dialogue in the local context of Sri Lanka. Next I move on to discuss Buddhism’s own self-understanding as a non-theistic system. In order to support the non-theistic claim of Buddhism I produce two arguments, one philosophical and the other experiential, both derived from the discourses of the Buddha. Having supported the non-theist stance of Buddhism, I propose that the Buddhist attitude is to be open to religious diversity while upholding the position that nirvana is the ultimate goal irreducible to any other similar goals. The discussion shows that to accept diversity is not necessarily to accept pluralism in religion, and that this position does not preclude Buddhists from engaging in interreligious dialogue.
Las corporaciones mercantiles y los comerciantes ingleses en el Río de la Plata Surgimiento, apogeo y declinación del Consulado de Buenos Aires, 1794-1821
Authors: KRASELSKY Javier Gerardo
Published: October 2020

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la trayectoria del Consulado de comercio de Buenos Aires a fines del siglo XVIII y comienzos del XIX y en su interior las disputas entre los comerciantes, los hacendados y los comerciantes británicos. Nos proponemos demostrar que el consulado de comercio proporcionaba fondos monetarios a la corona hasta su derrumbe y a autoridades revolucionarias locales con posterioridad a él. Estos ingresos fueron proporcionados por los gravámenes aduaneros impuestos a las introducciones de efectos y salida de frutos. Desde comienzos del siglo XIX, se produjo la apertura de los puertos que beneficiaba a los hacendados y a los comerciantes ingleses. Consideramos que las consecuencias de esta apertura portuaria fue uno de los factores que explican, conjuntamente con las guerras y la adopción de políticas liberales, el declive y disolución del consulado.
O tribunal da Real Junta de Comércio no império Luso-brasileiro: Direito mercantil, juízos privativos e consultas - 1780-1811
Authors: CHAVES Cláudia Maria das Graças
Published: October 2020

Resumo A Junta de Comércio no império Luso-brasileiro é um tema bastante estudado pela historiografia no que diz respeito à posição social e política adquirida pela classe mercantil após a sua criação em 1755, em Lisboa. Contudo, a governação mercantil através do seu tribunal especial e da produção de uma normatização e jurisprudência experimentada ao longo de sua existência carece de estudos pormenorizados. Aqui apresentei um estudo mais aprofundado das consultas daquela instituição. Partindo de uma análise mais geral sobre a legislação mercantil na Europa através de seus jurisconsultos, busquei compreender o espaço em que se travavam os debates sobre procedimentos, legislações e sua interpretação. Entendo a Junta de Comércio e seu tribunal como um espaço de experimentação e diferenciação na administração dos negócios. Particularmente, abordarei as primeiras consultas da Real Junta de Comércio na corte do Rio de Janeiro em 1811 em relação ao mesmo órgão existente em Lisboa.
As auxiliares de guerra da “Nação Armada” (1942-1945)
Authors: MOREIRA Rosemeri
Published: October 2020

Resumo Este artigo é uma análise sobre a criação de grupos militarizados auxiliares de guerra, compostos por mulheres, que atuaram nas cidades de Santos, São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro, no período de 1942-1945. Utilizando periódicos, fotografias e fonte orais, discuto o lugar das auxiliares de guerra perante a chamada política da Nação Armada de um Brasil em Guerra. Inexistentes na História oficial do Exército Brasileiro, militarizadas, porém, desprovidas do status de militares, cerca de três mil mulheres se apropriaram de diversos conhecimentos militares e executaram atividades militarizadas no período de 1942-1945. A presença convocada de um “feminino militar” só viria a se repetir no Brasil em fins da década de 1980. Em meio ao uso político da guerra pelo varguismo, essas mulheres simultaneamente eram invocadas como maternais cuidadoras e parte significativa da corajosa retaguarda da nação. As mulheres, em geral, como propaganda política, foram peça central no tecer da nação, para além do espaço privado/doméstico. As auxiliares de guerra, em específico, foram patrioticamente militarizadas e alçadas ao lugar de destemidas e responsáveis pela cidade e sua população.
Do Aqua Regia and EPA 3051A methods underestimate the pseudo-total P content in clay soil fraction?
Authors: Melo Vander Freitas , Guedes Lauriane Guidolin
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT It is common the use of 3051A and aqua regia methods to assess the pseudo-total and total P contents in soil and in its fractions. However, previous study has shown the formation of large amounts of short-range order materials (SRO) in the residues of these extractions. The objective of this work was to evaluate whether phosphate resorb in the SRO formed in the residue of 3051A and aqua regia extractions in clay soil fraction. Residues obtained from the 3051A and aqua regia were recovered from filter papers. To characterize the SRO in these residues, sequential extractions were performed with 0.2 mol L-1 ammonium oxalate and 0.5 mol L-1 NaOH. The maximum pseudo-total P content extracted by aqua regia was 6800 mg kg-1. If SRO formed during this acid extraction was not extracted , 698 mg kg-1 P would have been not accounted (underestimation of 10.3%). This high level of P resorption in the 3051A and aqua regia extraction lead to misinterpretations of P reserve in clay fraction. Phosphate resorption was mainly in SRO extracted by ammonium oxalate for both 3051A and aqua regia residues. The chemical environment of the 3051A and aqua regia extractions facilitated the inner sphere adsorption of H2PO4 - in ferrol and aluminol groups of the SRO- ammonium oxalate. There was larger resorption of H2PO4 - in the 3051A-NaOH in relation to NaOH- aqua regia.
O Ensino de Permacultura no Brasil: o papel dos Cursos de Design em Permacultura (PDCs) e as contribuições da Educação Ambiental Crítica
Authors: Fossaluza André Santachiara , Tozoni-Reis Marília Freitas de Campos
Published: October 2020

Resumo: A permacultura é um movimento que busca planejar, criar e manter assentamentos humanos sustentáveis, sendo difundida, principalmente, pelos Cursos de Design em Permacultura (PDCs). Neste trabalho, mapeamos esses cursos no Brasil e discutimos o ensino de permacultura e seu diálogo com a educação ambiental crítica, por meio dos resultados obtidos após a aplicação de um questionário. A partir das respostas de educadores/as de PDCs, analisamos esses cursos quanto aos seus objetivos, valores de inscrição e perfil dos/as educadores/as. Encontramos 38 grupos que oferecem PDCs e 210 educadores/as atuantes no Brasil, cujos dados permitiram compreender seu perfil quanto a gênero, à raça/etnia e à renda (classe social), assim como discutir os propósitos desses cursos e a popularização da permacultura. As análises nos permitem dizer que o ensino de permacultura no Brasil se configura como um campo de disputa, com ações de caráter contraditório e heterogêneo.
Concepções sobre Interdisciplinaridade entre Arte e Ciências: estudo a partir do relato de um professor e de alunos da Educação Básica
Authors: Fernandes Junior Marco Antonio João , Caluzi João José
Published: October 2020

Resumo: O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar as concepções de um professor de ciências, bem como de um grupo formado por alunos do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública do interior do Estado de São Paulo, sobre a interdisciplinaridade entre arte e ciências. Em atividades de ensino e pesquisa, foi solicitado aos alunos que respondessem como percebem a relação da disciplina arte com as outras, mais especificamente com as ciências. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizadas entrevistas e questionários semiestruturados, cujo conteúdo foi analisado a partir da proposta de Bardin. Nas respostas do professor e dos alunos, observou-se a necessidade de práticas interdisciplinares para ampliar e desconstruir conhecimentos equivocados que ambos possuem em relação à arte e à ciência.
Seroprevalence of Chagas disease in Southern Brazilian cardiac patients and their knowledge about the parasitosis and vectors
Authors: Dutra A. S. , Stauffert D. , Bianchi T. F. , Ribeiro D. R. P. , Villela M. M.
Published: October 2020

Abstract Chagas disease (CD) is considered a typical low-income population sickness of the developing countries in Latin America. Given the historical relevance of CD in individuals in southern Rio Grande do Sul (RS) State, Brazil, the aim of this study was to identify the knowledge of the CD and its vectors by cardiac patients, and the prevalence of anti-T cruzi antibodies in these individuals in Pelotas, city located in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) state, Brazil. The subjects with cardiac disease were submitted to a semi-structured questionnaire as well as two serological tests in order to detect anti-T. cruzi IgG antibodies. Of the individuals that born in municipalities showing the highest triatomine infestation rates in recent decades, 81.8% were able to recognize the vector insect (p = 0.0042; OR = 5.9), and 83.3% reported either themselves or someone in their families to have CD (p = 0.043, OR = 5.2). Of the 54 patients submitted to serological analysis, only 01 patient (1.9%) was positive for anti-T. cruzi antibodies, a 55 year old man from the rural area of Canguçu county. This study provides support for the evaluation to be extended to other cardiology centers, given the importance of Chagas disease in Brazil.
Strain of Bacillus thuringiensis from Restinga, toxic to Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus) (Diptera, Culicidae)
Authors: Vieira-Neta M. R. A. , Soares-da-Silva J. , Viana J. L. , Silva M. C. , Tadei W. P. , Pinheiro V. C. S.
Published: October 2020

Abstract Bacillus thuringiensis is the most commonly used entomopathogen in the control of Aedes aegypti, which is a vector for different etiological agents that cause serious infections in humans. Several studies aim to isolate strains of this bacterium from different environments, with the perspective of selecting isolates with larvicidal activity for mosquitoes. Aiming at the insecticidal action of B. thuringiensis, the present study aimed to prospect B. thuringiensis of restinga and mangrove soils from the state of Maranhão, Brazil, with toxic potential for use in the biological control of Ae. aegypti. Bioassays were performed to determine the entomopathogenic activity of the bacilli against Ae. aegypti and lethal concentrations (LC50 and CL90) were estimated after the tests. Polymerase Chain Reaction and SDS-PAGE techniques were performed to verify the gene and protein content of the isolates, respectively. The soil of the mangrove and restinga ecosystems showed potential for obtaining B. thuringiensis. This isolate, in addition to having proteins with molecular mass similar to the toxins Cry and Cyt, also presented several diptera-specific genes cry and cyt, demonstrating that it has high potential to be used in the biological control of Ae. aegypti.
Chemical composition of Zhumeria majdae essential oil and its effects on the expression of morphine withdrawal syndrome and tolerance to the anticonvulsant effect of morphine on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice
Authors: Azimi G. , Asgarpanah J.
Published: October 2020

Abstract Regarding the proven anticonvulsant effect of Zhumeria majdae essential oil (ZMEO) in previous studies we were prompted to investigate the ZMEO effects on the tolerance to the anticonvulsant effects of morphine and the morphine withdrawal syndrome. Tolerance to the morphine anticonvulsant effect was induced in mice by subcutaneous injection of 2.5 mg/kg of morphine for 4 days. Subsequent doses of ZMEO (20 mg/kg) were used to study the expression and development of morphine tolerance. Clonidine was used as the standard drug to inhibit the morphine withdrawal syndrome symptoms. To study the ZMEO effect on withdrawal syndrome, mice received appropriate morphine values for 4 days and on the fifth day, 60 min before administration of naloxone. The effective dose of ZMEO was determined and the number of jumps, stands and changes in the dry stool weight, as symptoms of withdrawal syndrome were evaluated. The dose of 20 mg/kg of ZMEO decreased the tolerance in development and expression groups significantly. Counting the number of jumping, standing and defecation were assessed 30 min after morphine and 1 h after the vehicle and clonidine. The dose of 40 mg/kg ZMEO decreased all the signs of withdrawal syndrome significantly. ZMEO was analyzed by GC/MS and linalool (53.1%) and camphor (23.8%) were characterized as the main components. The results suggest that ZMEO possesses constituent(s) that have activity against tolerance to the anticonvulsant effects of morphine and the morphine withdrawal symptoms.
DNA Barcoding unveils cryptic lineages of Hoplias malabaricus from Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Pires W. M. M. , Barros M. C. , Fraga E. C.
Published: October 2020

Abstract The trahira or wolf fish - Hoplias malabaricus- is a valid species, although recent cytogenetic and molecular studies have indicated the existence of a species complex. In this context, the present study analyzed the mitochondrial COI marker to determine the levels of genetic diversity of specimens from the Brazilian state of Maranhão, and verify the occurrence of distinct lineages within the study area. Samples were collected from the basins of the Turiaçu, Pindaré, Mearim, Itapecuru, and Parnaíba rivers. A 630-bp fragment was obtained from 211 specimens, with 484 conserved and 108 variable sites, and 60 haplotypes (Hd = 0,947; π = 0,033). The phylogenetic analyses indicated the existence of three distinct lineages of H. malabaricus from Maranhão. Genetic distances of 1.5-8.2% were found between all the populations analyzed, while the variation between haplogroups ranged from 2.1% to 7.7%. The AMOVA indicated that most of the molecular variation was found among groups, with high FST values. The high levels of genetic variability found in the present study are supported by the available cytogenetic data. These findings reinforce the need for the development of effective programs of conservation and management independently for each river basin, in order to preserve the genetic variability found in this taxon.
Induction of secondary metabolites on nanoparticles stress in callus culture of Artemisia annua L.
Authors: Fatima K. , Abbas S. R. , Zia M. , Sabir S. M. , Khan R. T. , Khan A. A. , Hassan Z. , Zaman R.
Published: October 2020

Abstract Nanoparticles are known bio elicitors in plant biotechnology. Different concentrations of ZnO, CuO and CoO nanoparticles were used for the enhanced accumulation of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activities in the callus derived from root, shoot and leaf of Artemisia annua L. Biomass of callus was somehow affected on high concentrations of Nps. Phenolic content was observed maximum (60µg) in shoot callus at 0.1mg/l of CuONps. Total antioxidant activity was observed maximum (33µg) in root callus at 0.1mg/l of ZnOnps. Total reducing power maximum (33µg) was observed in root callus at concentration of 0.05 mg/l of CoONps. Maximum radical scavenging activity was observed in shoot callus at 0.05mg/l of ZnONps. Rutin gallic acid and caffic acid were also determined in most of the samples by HPLC. The study concludes that different Nps have positive effect on the induction of secondary metabolites in A.annua plant.
DNA barcoding revels first records of three rare coleopteran genera in Northern lakes of Egypt.
Authors: Kheirallah D. A.
Published: October 2020

Abstract One aquatic coleopteran species from family Dytiscidae and two aquatic coleopteran genera from family Hydrophilidae were recorded in the summer period and represent first records in the Egyptian lakes. Beetles were collected from two northern lakes, Lake Idku and Lake Burullus. They were identified by morphological characteristics as well as the mtDNA barcoding method. A molecular phylogenetic approach was used to determine the genetic identity of the collected samples based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI). Prodaticus servillianus (Dytiscidae) from Egypt showed no significant difference in the COI region and they are highly similar to P. servillianus from Madagascar. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the other two coleopteran genera belong to family Hydrophilidae. Based on COI only, there is no clear evidence for their genetic identity at the species level. So, we defined them to the closest taxon and denoted them as Cymbiodyta type A and B. The results indicated that resolving the molecular identity of the aquatic beetles from northern lakes of Egypt need more considerations in the field of biological conservation. We concluded that utilization of COI as a barcoding region for identifying some coleopteran species is not sufficient and additional molecular markers are required to uncover the molecular taxonomy at deep levels.
Anurans of a remnant of Mixed Rainforest in southern Brazil
Authors: Potrich Ana Paula , Santos-Pereira Manuela , Toffolo Carlos , Ascoli-Morrete Thaís , Soares João Paulo , Zanella Noeli
Published: October 2020

Abstract: The Brazilian Atlantic Forest is one of the world’s most biodiverse biomes, with large numbers of endemic and threatened species. However, this biome has suffered extensive deforestation and habitat fragmentation, with a drastic reduction of its original vegetation cover. The compilation of data on the occurrence patterns of anurans and their natural history is important for the development of effective conservation strategies. Here, we present the results of a survey of the anuran fauna of Parque Estadual do Papagaio Charão (PEPC) in Rio Grande do Sul state, southern Brazil, providing information on species endemism, conservation status, and reproductive modes. We collected data on the local anurans between March 2018 and February 2019 using active searches and pitfall traps. We recorded 26 anuran species distributed in seven families, with eight different reproductive modes. The largest number of species (20) was found at the forest edge, followed by the interior of the forest and open area, each with 16 species. The most abundant species were Leptodactylus plaumanni (41.7% of records), Physalaemus cuvieri (27.1%), and P. carrizorum (16.5%). Greater species richness and abundance were recorded during the rainier months, while temperature influenced only the abundance of the anurans. Rhinella henseli, Rhinella icterica, Vitreorana uranoscopa, Aplastodiscus perviridis, Boana curupi, Boana leptolineata and Proceratophrys brauni are all endemic to the Atlantic Forest. Melanophryniscus devincenzii is classified as Endangered by the IUCN, and Proceratophrys bigibbosa as Near Threatened. Boana curupi is considered to be Endangered in Rio Grande do Sul state, and Vulnerable in Brazil, while V. uranoscopa is Near Threatened in Rio Grande do Sul. Our findings emphasize the importance of protected areas, such as the PEPC, for the maintenance of anuran populations and communities in the Mixed Rainforest formations of southern Brazil.
Image Configuration of Organic Food and its Motivation for Consumption
Authors: Toni Deonir De , Milan Gabriel Sperandio , Larentis Fabiano , Eberle Luciene , Procópio Aline Weste
Published: October 2020

Abstract The search for organic food has been growing in recent years due to the concern with health and the environment. Evidence shows that the image of organic food can be configured from hedonic meanings, through the symbolic and social dimensions and utilitarian meanings, through the rational and sensorial dimensions. Thus, we sought to identify the configuration of organic food image for its customers and motivations for consumption. Based on a survey of 275 organic food customers with the Image Configuration Method (ICM), it was identified that the central image of these customers is formed by attributes related to non-agrochemical products, health, natural food, healthier food, and preserving the environment, strengthening a predominance of hedonic meaning. Furthermore, the motivations for consumption are linked to a concern with healthier and non- agrochemical food.
Public Policies in the Rural Area of São João del-Rei: An inhabitants’ view
Authors: Santos Larissa Medeiros Marinho dos , Barbosa Johnny da Costa , Santos Rodrigo Meireles dos , Paiva Netto Anna Beatriz Ribeiro
Published: October 2020

Abstract This work aims to investigate the view the inhabitants of the Rural Area of São João del-Rei have about the environment surrounding them and about the public policies for the region. The methodology used is founded on Qualitative Epistemology, focusing on the participants’ subjectivity. Interviews were made with eleven participants from six rural communities based on their life history. The analysis of the data was performed based on concepts from Environmental Psychology and from the Bioecological Model of Human Development. The results indicated that the inhabitants see themselves as inhabitants of rural areas; they described the existing public policies and pointed out the needs found in this context. The need of formulating adequate public policies for the scenario presented is considered.
Deforestation governance in the Amazon from a Strategic Action Fields perspective
Authors: Carneiro Marcelo Sampaio , Assis William Santos , Souza Ulisses Denache Vieira , Dourado Lidielze
Published: October 2020

Abstract The article seeks to analyze the development of deforestation governance actions in the Amazon, based on the analysis of two case studies using the Strategic Action Fields theory (FLIGSTEIN; MCADAM, 2012). It analyzes the experience of mobilization for the removal of the city of Paragominas/PA from the deforestation Black List and the development of deforestation control actions in the São Jorge settlement, in the city of Cidelândia / Maranhão. Interviews with main actors and satellite images were used to analyze the two cases. The results indicate the relevance of using the Strategic Action Fields theory to gain an understanding of deforestation governance processes in the Amazon, highlighting the importance of central concepts to this theory, such as the performance of skilled social actors and the construction of internal units of governance.
The Brazilian Blue Amazon under threat: Why has the oil spill continued for so long?
Authors: Gonçalves Leandra R. , Webster DG , Young Oran , Polette Marcus , Turra Alexander
Published: October 2020

Abstract In August 2019, an oil spill incident washed the coast in Brazil affecting some of the country’s most visited and preserved beaches in Northeast and Southeast. This paper argues that the influence of power disconnects delayed the proper actions. Power disconnects occur when the victims of environmental harm (residents of northeastern and southeastern Brazil) lack power to prevent it or, conversely, when those who do have the power to protect the environment (the Brazilian government and the international community) do not experience the costs of degradation. Although Brazil has emerged as an environmental leader in the international arena in the past, it has fallen behind on the improvements that are needed to prevent spills like this from affecting coastal communities and biodiversity in the future. Ultimately, as long as political injustices persist, ecological disasters will continue, and Governance will not improve.
STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES TO FACE THE DYING AND DEATH PROCESS: STUDENTS' REFLECTIONS
Authors: Sandoval Sylvia Álvarez , Vargas Mara Ambrosina de Oliveira , Zilli Francielly
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the strengths and weaknesses recognized by the students to face the dying process and death in the hospital setting. Method: a qualitative and descriptive approach. The sample was made up of 19 students of the fifth-year of the Nursing course, complying with the in-hospital professional practice, and the study was carried out at a university in the Magallanes and Chilean Antarctic Region, Chile, between September and October 2018. The collected data were submitted to the precepts of Content Analysis. Results: among the identified strengths, the following are to be mentioned: previous experience with death, the support provided by the guiding nurse during hospital stay, the student's mental maturity, soft skills, and sensitivity. In its turn, the limitations identified include lack of experience, psychological immaturity, the few tools they possess, factors associated with the patient such as age, and the affective bonds created with the patient that may end up causing suffering to the student. Conclusion: both the strengths and weaknesses recognized by the students must be worked on in the academy throughout the training, in such a way that the students may acquire the necessary tools to face the process of death and dying. Death must be discussed as an integral phenomenon in order to achieve a better understanding of this topic by the students, so that they can act in the best possible way in front of terminal patients, providing quality and humanized care for the patients and/or families.
Adaptação transcultural e propriedades psicométricas da versão em português (Brasil) do questionário Prontidão Organizacional para Implementação de Mudança para implementação de mudança em serviços de saúde
Authors: Bomfim Rafael Aiello , Braff Eduardo Cury , Frazão Paulo
Published: October 2020

RESUMO: Objetivo: Avaliar o grau em que profissionais da atenção primária e organizações de saúde estão prontos para implementar mudanças nos serviços de saúde, principalmente no que se refere à implementação de novas tecnologias, políticas públicas ou programas de inovação, que merecem especial atenção. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: conduzir a adaptação transcultural do questionário Organizational Readiness for Implementing Change (ORIC) para o português (Brasil); e iniciar a mensuração de suas propriedades psicométricas. Métodos: Por meio de estudo transversal, realizou-se a tradução do questionário ORIC, com 12 questões, e posterior aplicação numa amostra de trabalhadores de unidades primárias de saúde tradicionais em transformação para unidades de saúde da família. A análise estatística incluiu o coeficiente alfa de Cronbach, análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatória por modelo de equação estrutural e seguiu o checklist Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN). Resultados: Participaram do estudo 150 trabalhadores de 10 unidades de saúde em transformação. A análise confirmou dois fatores principais (Eficácia e Comprometimento), com autovalores > 1. A rotação pelo método ortogonal mostrou que as questões do instrumento confirmaram os fatores analisados pelo instrumento original. O alfa de Cronbach total do ORIC foi 0,94, mostrando ótima confiabilidade. Conclusão: A versão portuguesa (Brasil) do questionário ORIC-Br apresentou boas propriedades psicométricas, podendo ser utilizado em serviços de saúde para medição da prontidão organizacional, considerada um indicador do potencial alcance de sucesso na implementação de mudança em serviços de saúde.
Neurology Training Program for the Education of Psychiatry Residents: Experiences Reported from Curitiba, Brazil
Authors: Rodriguez Carlos Arteaga , Souza Marcel Wilkins Pereira , Remonti Nadhyne Somacal , Hernandez-Fustes Otto J.
Published: October 2020

Abstract: Introduction: There has been a greater demand for the psychiatry specialty, possibly associated with the paradigm change in asylum care for outpatients and communities; consequently, there is now a greater number of institutions for Medical Training in Psychiatric Residency. As such, we seek to elaborate upon the Neurology Program for Medical Residency in Psychiatry (NPMRP) and present the experience of its application. Methods: We present an observational and descriptive study of the NPMRP experience in Curitiba/Paraná/Brazil. To prepare the NPMRP, reflective theoretical research was carried out via data from the websites of the Brazilian Psychiatric Association, Brazilian Psychiatric Residencies, PubMed and SciELO. Thw keywords used included: program of psychiatry residency; neurology and psychiatry residency; neurology in psychiatry. Results: It is thought that the resident develops clinical skills through the neurology-psychiatry interface, via an in-service training of general neurology (1st year resident) and epilepsy and neurocognitive disorders (3rd year resident), which takes place once a week. Residents receive training in conducting interviews and brief neurological examinations, concerning the types of neurological diagnosis, request for additional tests and interpretation of the reports. The outpatient clinical sessions last 4-5 hours, resulting in one patient/hour per resident who, in turn, prepares the medical record. The cases are reviewed and discussed with the neurologist instructor, promoting patient/family participation in shared decision-making. At the end of the outpatient clinic session, an activity is carried out with the whole team to socialize the visits and review theoretical contents. Assessments are daily, quarterly and annual, covering both quantitative and qualitative aspects. Conclusion: The NPMRP has excellent results in improving resident training and patient care. There is an excellent opinion regarding learning by the residents and a good level of satisfaction of patients/family members. The neurologist instructor becomes part of the residency and the NPMRP integrates academic and assistance training. The authors propose the development of a national, standardized and reproducible NPMRP.