bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To Assess the Incidence of Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection and Evaluate the Effectiveness of Evidence based Practice Protocol for Prevention of Catheter-associated Urinary Tract Infections (CAUTI) in Adult Critical Care Patients
Authors: Amarnath Shanmukhe  , Soujanya Pujar  , Shalmon Chopade  , Jeyanthi A
Published: October 2022

Background: UTIs are the most common type of healthcare-associated infection. Among UTIs acquired in the hospital, approximately 75% are associated with a urinary catheter, which is a tube inserted into the bladder through the urethra to drain urine. The most important risk factor for developing a CAUTI is prolonged use of the urinary catheter. Therefore, catheters should only be used for appropriate indications and should be removed as soon as they are no longer needed. Aim: The aim of the study is to prevent CAUTIs in adult critical care patients, by using evidence based practice protocol. Materials and Methods: A Quasi Experimental one group pretest posttest research design was used. 200 staff nurses were selected from hospitals by using purposive sampling technique. Biophysical measures like signs and symptoms of CAUTI and urine culture was done to assess the incidence of CAUTIs in adult critical care patients before administration of evidence based practice protocol. Result: The overall incidence rate of CAUTI in adult critical care patients was 11.1%. A Comparison of Pre and Post test level of Knowledge of Staff Nurse’s regarding CAUTIs shows that 46(23.0%) had poor knowledge before intervention and it was reduced 2(1.0%) after intervention. None of the staff nurse had excellent knowledge before intervention and was increased 12(6.0%) after intervention, 23(11.5%) had pre test good knowledge and was increased to 122(61.0%) in post test. Pre test mean knowledge of staff nurse regarding CAUTIs was 13.68 whereas post test knowledge score was 16.5 and was statistically significant with p-value <0.0001. Conclusion: This approach shows for reduction of CAUTIs in critical care settings. The same type of protocol or education programme might be adopted for the other health care associated infections.
Dental Prosthetic Status and Prosthetic Needs of Geriatric Population: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Arun A
Published: October 2022

Objective: Oral health is considered as an indicator for health and quality of life in geriatric patients. It becomes essential to assess the prosthetic status and need in order to promote oral health. Hence, a survey was conducted on geriatric patients visiting a dental teaching institute in India.Materials and Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among geriatric population aged above 60.The sample size was estimated to be 570. The information related to prosthetic status, prosthetic need was obtained using the World Health Organisation Oral Health Assessment Form 1997. Chi‑square test was used to analyse the data.Results: Out of 570 elderly people, 308 were males and 262 were females. The study results showed that 77% and 78% of the total subjects had no prostheses in maxillary and mandibular arch, respectively. Prosthetic status was better in males than in females. The level of prosthetic need was higher in females (82%) in mandibular arch compared to males (75%). In the age group of 80-85years need for complete denture was more. Requirement for single and multi unit prosthesis was higher in age groups of 60-65 years. Less percentage of subjects in the upper socio-economic categories needed prosthesis compared to those in the lower socio-economic categoriesConclusion: Unmet prosthetic needs were more in geriatric population attending the institutional outpatient department. There was no significant association of gender with prosthetic status and need and significant association was observed between age and socioeconomic status with prosthetic status and need.
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome induced by Piroxicam: A Case Report
Authors: Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa  , Emma Hidayati Sasmito  , Armyta Denissafitri  , Menul Ayu Umborowati  , Sylvia Anggraeni  , Damayanti
Published: October 2022

Stevens Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is acute life-threatening mucocutaneous reactions characterized by extensive necrosis and detachment of the epidermis and mucosal epithelium less than 10% of the total of the total body surface area. The pathophysiology of SJS is still unclear; however, drugs are identified as the main cause of SJS in most cases. Drugs are the most important etiologic factor, >20% idiopathic or caused by infection. Many nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) were suspected. Oxicam derivates showing the highest risk. The accurate diagnosis, avoidance of the use culprit of the drugs and rapid treatment with symptomatic and supportive care may improve the prognosis.
Aerobic Weight and Non-Weight Bearing Exercise Effects on Myocardium: An in vivo Study on Elderly Mus Musculus
Authors: Deshinta Fitrianti Syahida
Published: October 2022

Background: Due to the process of aging, the function of human organs and muscles decreases. Exercise is a solution to improve organ and muscle function. But it all must be in proportion. So far, aerobic exercise is an exercise solution for the elderly, but which aerobic exercise has not been widely studied. Purpose: To test aerobic weight bearing exercise and aerobic non weight bearing exercise as a sports solution for old age. Methods: The experimental laboratory used a completely randomized post-test design using 26 elderly females’ mice samples with three actions, namely 9 mice that were not exercised, 9 mice with aerobic weight bearing exercise and 8 mice with aerobic non weight bearing exercise. this process is carried out for 6 weeks with a frequency of exercise 5 times a week, and processed statistically using the statistical product and service solution (SPSS) program. Results: Aerobic weight-bearing exercise and aerobic non-weight-bearing exercise resulted in an enlargement of the myocardium but there was significant difference between groups due to the One Way ANOVA test, with p-value < 0,05.Conclusion: weight bearing exercise induce hipertrophic effects and significant differences between aerobic weight bearing exercise and aerobic non weight bearing exercise between the two groups.
Microbiological Analysis of Indoor Air in the Provincial Hospital of Sidi Kacem, Morocco
Authors: Elouakfaoui Aziz  , Mahjoub Aouane  , Rouani Abdeljabbar
Published: October 2022

Background: The air environment of the hospital is often contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms of various origins, which constitute a risk of infection for hospitalized patients, health staff and visitors. Microbiological control of the hospital wards is an essential element in the prevention of these infections, it allows a bacterial diagnosis of the area in order to carry out preventive and corrective actions.Objective: The aim of this study is to reduce the rate of nosocomial infections, through the diagnosis of bacteria present in the services area of the provincial hospital of sidi kacem in the region of Rabat-Salé-Kénitra Morocco.Methods: 14 samples of the area were collected from different sites on the hospital wards, using the sedimentation technique, by exposing Petri plates containing nutrient agar, in a 1m2 area for 30 minutes. The plates were incubated in a temperature of 37 ± 1 °C for 48 hours. The isolates were identified by the classical biochemical gallery and API (Biomerieux, France).Results: A total of eight (08) bacterial species were isolated from the air with a predominance of coagulase-negative staphylococci (36%), Bacillus sp (25%), staphylococcus aureus (20%) and E. coli (8%) followed. One (1) sample was a negative culture with a positivity rate of 93%. The distribution of isolated bacteria by department shows a predominance of bacterial strains in the intensive care unit (24%) and the emergency department (19%).Conclusion: These surprising results demonstrated the importance to implement a periodic monitoring of the hospital area, and a global policy for the prevention of nosocomial infections including an air treatment protocol.
Jatropha Curcas L As Anti-Fertility Agent: A Review
Authors: Haifa Wahyu  , Mariana Ade Cahaya
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The use of natural ingredients as contraception has long been known to the Indonesian people, especially in rural areas, where people still inherit the habits of their ancestors. The plants used as contraception contain compounds that are antifertility, antiimplantation, and antiestrogenic for both women and men. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Jatropha curcas L as an antifertility agent with the approach of several previous studies.Methods: The method of this review used Prisma guidelines with scientific article searches using the Pubmed database, Google Scholar, and Science direct. A search was done on Pubmed with keywords Jatropha curcas [MeSH Terms] AND antifertility, Google scholar with keywords Jatropha curcas AND antifertility, Science direct with keywords Jatropha curcas AND antifertilityFindings: The results of this review of several research articles that have been reviewed indicated that the effectiveness of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L) has an effect as an antifertility agent.Conclusions: In short, there is a significant effect of using Jatropha curcas L as antifertility in the research finding. The implications of the research can be implemented as the contraception for male.
Cross Sectional Study on Estimation of Stature from foot Length in Telangana
Authors: K Srinivasulu  , Nakkala Supraja  , Sai Sruthi Regalla  , Jupaka Om Shanti
Published: October 2022

Height is an important factor for identification. Estimation of height from mutilated bodies has significance in medico legal investigations. Foot length is equally significant for estimating the stature like other body parts by using linear regression equation. A cross sectional study on correlation of foot length in relation to the height of an individual was conducted in the age group of 18-25 years in Telangana population during the period from 1st January 2019 to 31st December 2019. A total of 150 subjects, among which 75 male and 75 female were included in the study. Measurement of foot length has been taken as length between the heel to the tip of longest toe, measured by using Vernier caliper. All the study subjects were healthy individuals without any abnormalities. The data was statistically analyzed by using SPSS (version 25) software. The linear regression formula for estimating the height is y = a + (bx), y = dependent variable (height), a = constant, b = independent variable coefficient, x = independent variable i.e length of foot. For total population the right foot formula is y = 39.25 + (5.18 x), for left foot the formula is y = 37.08 +(5.24 x). The formula for male population for right foot is y = 64.38 +(4.22 x) and for left foot is y = 62.23 + (4.30 x). The formula for female population, right foot is y = 52.47 + (4.54x) and left foot is y = 48.18 + (7.95x). The separate formula for male and female individual gives more accurate results. Calculated stature is almost close to the height of the individual; ±5 cm difference was observed in most of the individuals. The stature as per our study is approximately 7 times more than the length of the foot.
The Effect of Puzzle Stimulation on Fine Motor Development of Preschool Aged Children
Authors: Reny Siswanti  , Dewi Nopitasari  , Eni Rizki  , Noor Siti Noviani Indah Sari  , Siti Mulyani  , Ratih Suryaman
Published: October 2022

Background: The growth and development of children involve physical changes and other several aspects,namely fine and gross motor, cognitive, language, emotional and social. Growth and development of children isinfluenced by internal and external factors. Children who received positive stimulations from the surroundingenvironment will help them grow and develop optimally. Puzzle play can be an option to stimulate the growthand development of preschool aged children.Aim: This study is aimed to determine the effect of puzzle stimulation on fine motor development of preschoolaged children.Methodology: The design of this study was quasi-experimental which involved one group pretest and posttestdesign approach, using observation sheet with DDST (Denver Developmental Screening Test) rating scaleinstrument. The study was conducted at Leuwiliang Village in Bogor District with a total sample of 23 parents orcaregivers of children. The data analysis techniques used were univariate and bivariate with Wilcoxon Rank Test.Result: Out of 23 participants, 14 participants (60,9%) had suspected delay before stimulation and 19 participants(82.6%) had normal fine motor development after puzzle stimulation.Conclusion: There was a significant effect of puzzle stimulation in fine motor development of preschool agedchildren.
Comparative Efficacy Analysis of Intubation Profile in Airtraq Video Laryngoscope Versus Macintosh Laryngoscope in Simulated Difficult Airway Using Cervical Collar
Authors: Sunil Valand  , Makwana Komal  , Balaji Ghugare  , Rathod Niraj
Published: October 2022

Aim: Comparative efficacy analysis of laryngoscopes -Airtraq vs macintosh - using Intubation Time and Intubationdifficulty score in simulated difficult airway using cervical collar.Methods: Peculiarity is simulated difficult airway by use of cervical collar. A prospective interventionalrandomizedstudy conducted on 60 adult ASA grade-I&II patients scheduled for surgery in tertiary care center.Tracheal Intubation 1. Group(AVL) Airtraq videolaryngoscope (n=30) 2. Group(ML) Macintoshlaryngoscope(n=30). Parameters observed: 1) Intubation Time- seconds 2) Intubation Difficulty Score (IDS) comprised Numbersof-1. intubation attempts 2.operators 3.alternative intubation techniques, 4. Glottic exposure. 5. paramatriccomparison lifting force required during laryngoscopy, Necessity for external laryngeal pressure, Position of thevocal cords.Results: With airtraq laryngoscope intubation discoursed outcomes intubation time is irrelevant with difficultairway where it is highly associated in case of macintosh laryngoscope. Intubation time & difficulty score iscommentating use of Airtraq laryngoscope.Conclusions: The enhanced visual interiors expedite in such a way that intubation time in Airtraq is not dependenton IDS like Macintosh but on neuromuscular reflexes of performer, commentating the superiority of Airtraq overMacintosh
Predictive Equation Model to Estimate Postmortem Interval using Total Body Score
Authors: Warachate Khobjai  , Wirachai Samai  , Pongpitsanu Pakdeenarong  , Woratouch Vichuwanich
Published: October 2022

The decomposition process of corpse varies due to many factors. There are several studies conducted to improvethe postmortem interval (PMI) by visual inspection of human remains. In this study, a total body scoring methodwas developed to estimate the PMI based on the decomposition and degree days (DD). One hundred and threecases were used to estimate the PMI. The autopsy reports were scored using the decomposition scoring method. Thetemperature data was obtained from the Thailand Meteorology Department (TMD). The PMI was estimated usingthe total body score (TBS), accumulated degree day (ADD) and accumulated degree hour (ADH) from the findingdate back until the predicted time since death. To this end, a retroactive approach was taken in which cases from themedical examiner with a known “date last seen” and “date recovered” were compiled. A qualitative analysis wasconducted examining the specific decomposition changes which occur in various contexts. Quantitatively, a linearregression analysis was employed to determine if DD or TBS explained more of the variation in decomposition.The ADH, ADD and TBS were determined to be the main components in modelling decay. These results suggestthat the TBS can be optimally used to assess PMI. While the ADD and ADH were used to overestimate PMI, whichindicating inconsistency of the method. In total, a set of time since death estimation formula applicable to indoor,outdoor, and aquatic contexts was produced, and region-specific standards best suited to estimating time sincedeath in Thailand. Due to the subjectivity in all the available methods and decomposition is a highly variableprocess. Further research is required before an estimated PMI should be considered as evidence in court.
Cross Sectional Study on Knowledge and Awareness on Informed Consent Among Nurses in Tertiary Care Hospital Hyderabad
Authors: K Srinivasulu  , Sannidhi Ramyasri  , Thamba Pranavi  , KB Ronitha Vasuki Devi  , Fathima Ashraf
Published: October 2022

Nurses have a legal duty to ensure and obtain informed consent from their patients before undertaking anyexamination or procedure. Informed consent allows patients to make their decisions with their healthcareproviders, this collaborative decision making process is mandatory in medical practice. A cross sectional study onknowledge and awareness on informed consent among nurses working in a tertiary care teaching hospital wasconducted at Hyderabad, Telangana, 200 nurses working in various departments of the hospital were participatedin this study, a questionnaire was prepared in regard to informed consent and assessed their knowledge levels bygrading.The data was taken into Excel sheet and statistic evaluation was done by using MS Excel software. We found 67.7%are having awareness on informed consent whereas 32.3% are unaware. Similar results were observed in studiesconducted in India and abroad, periodical workshops and continuous medical education programs can achievebetter results.
The association between works related musculoskeletal body discomfort and ergonomic risk level among female sewing machine operators in Sri Lanka.
Authors: ADP Perera  , HTN Fernando  , AMCR Attanayake  , DDI Samanwattage  , HWUS Jayasinghe
Published: October 2022

Background: Work related musculoskeletal discomfort can occur in any region of the body. It affects sewing machineoperator’s activities of daily living and quality of life directly or indirectly. Poor ergonomics is a major contributor towork related musculoskeletal discomfort that develops over time. It is important to find out the association between workrelated musculoskeletal body discomfort and ergonomic risk level among female sewing machine operators of selectedgarment factories in western province, Sri Lanka.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was preceded, with a study population of one hundred and thirty-seven(137) female sewing machine operators within the age of 18-50 years at selected garment factories in the western provinceof Sri Lanka.Conclusion: Of the total sample, 72.99% operators presented with musculoskeletal discomfort. Qualitative and quantitativedata were obtained using a pre-validated questionnaire; Cornell musculoskeletal discomfort questionnaire and RapidEntire Body Assessment (REBA). The mean age of study population was 33.55±1.64years. The highest prevalence ofdiscomfort was reported in neck (53.94%) and lower back (69.2%) regions. The mean ergonomic risk level was 8.42±0.16which is 50.36% in study population. The majority of the sewing machine operators were in high ergonomic risk levelin western province of Sri Lanka and the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was more in the lower back and neckregions where the ergonomic interventions should have implemented.
Pengaruh Beda Suhu Peletakan Bangkai terhadap Pertumbuhan Larva Lalat Chrysomya Megacephala Pada Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Ipaljri Saputra Andi , Isramilda Isramilda , Ats Tsaury Sufyan
Published: October 2022

Background: Not a few phenomena of abandoned corpses without knowing the length of time of death, to reveal the mystery of abandoned corpses, identification is needed in order to find out post-mortem interval (PMI). With the help of forensic entomologists as investigators and Chrysomya Megacephala flies as the type of animal that first landed on the corpse. The fast or slow growth of flies is also influenced by temperature as the main factor, so by examining the growth of flies with different temperatures, it is possible to calculate the length of time the corpse will die. Methods:This research method is an analytical research true experimental design in the laboratory using the "Posttest Only Control Group Design",The test animals in this study were 18 rats (Rattus norvegicus) which were dislocated in the neck and given an 1cm incision in the abdomen. The treatment was divided into 3 temperature groups, namely 160C, 270C and 390C using an incubator, each of which was placed 10 Chrysomya Megacephala flies. And seen for 5 days in a row in the morning and evening. The analytical test used is the Mann Whitney test. Results:The results obtained when tested using the Mann Whitney test were obtained (p value = 0.010) which means that there is a significant difference between temperatures of 160C and 390C. Meanwhile, at a temperature of 270C with a temperature of 160C and 390C (p value = 0.000), which means that there is a non-significant difference between the treatment at 270C with a temperature of 160C and 390C. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concludedthe differences in the growth of Chrysomya Megacephala fly larvae at different temperatures.
Hubungan Kualitas Tidur dengan Kadar Gula Darah Sewaktu Pada Lansia dI Panti Jompo Tresna Werda Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Rusdani Rusdani , Esmiralda Nopri , Febrianti Kurnia Yuliana
Published: October 2022

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Hubungan Antara Sikap Penggunaan Smartphone dengan Kualitas Tidur pada Siswa SMA Kartini Batam
Authors: Ibrahim  , Harahap Ade Riki , Parbo Filsi Putri
Published: October 2022

Background: Smartphones have now become a special need for everyone, especially teenagers. Excessive smartphone use can interfere with sleep quality. Lack of individual ability to control the intensity of smartphone use can result in poor sleep quality. Teenagers need more bedtime no less than 8 hours every night.

Methods: The research used an  observational analyticmethod by the cross sectional approach. The data collection technique used the Probability Sampling technique using the simple random sampling method with a sample of 105 students in 2021. The data collection used two questionnaires, namely the Smartphone Addiction questionnaire for the intensity of smartphone use and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire for sleep quality. The data were then analyzed using Fisher's exact test.

Results: There were moderate smartphone use attitudes with poor sleep quality, namely 77 people (73.3%), and high smartphone use attitudes with poor sleep quality, namely 12 people (11.4%). Based on the results of the study, none of the respondents with high smartphone use attitudes had good sleep quality (0%). Fisher's test results obtained p value = 0.028 (p <0.05).

Conclusion:According to this research, it can be concluded that there was a correlation between the smartphone usage attitude with the students’ sleeping quality at Kartini Batam Senior High School.
Hubungan Faktor Resiko dengan Mortalitas pada Pasien Rawat Inap Icu Covid-19 di Rumah Sakit Bp Kota Batam
Authors: Wennas Wennas , Tafsil Tafsil , Kamil Aldho Dharma
Published: October 2022

Background: Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) causes a respiratory tract infection that was discovered in and declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Mortality in COVID-19 patients is known to be related to age and disease history. the greater risk of mortality obtained by patients who have a history of the disease coupled with older age, the older the age, the higher risk can apply mortality.

Methods: This research method is descriptive analytic with a cross sectional study approach which was carried out at the Batam City Entrepreneurs Agency Hospital in December 2021. The sampling technique was simple random sampling with a total sample of 59 respondents. Univariate analysis is presented in the frequency distribution table and bivariate analysis using Chi Square . test.

Results: Patients no cytokine storm was 62.7% and cytokine storm was 37.3%. No bronchopneumonia was 67.8%, and bronchopneumonia was 32.2%. No COVID-19 mortality is 64.4% and yes 35.6% mortality. There is a significant relationship between COVID-19 mortality and age in Batam City RSBP patients (p value = 0.000). There is a relationship between COVID-19 mortality and comorbidities in Batam City RSBP patients (p value = 0.000). There is a relationship between COVID-19 mortality and cytokine storm in Batam City RSBP patients (p value = 0.001).

Conclusion: Based on this study, it was concluded that there was a significant relationship between the characteristics of the clinical picture and mortality in ICU COVID-19 inpatients at BP Hospital Batam in 2021.
Hubungan Anemia pada Ibu Hamil dengan Kejadian Atonia Uteri di Rs Charis Medika Kota Batam
Authors: Purwati Kasih , Sirait Acholder , Novita Anindya
Published: October 2022

Background: Anemia in pregnancy can cause uterine atony. Uterine atony is a failure of uterine myometrial muscle fibers to contract, uterine atony that is not handled properly can result in shock and can decrease consciousness and result in maternal death

Method:This study method is observational analytic with cross sectional approach which was conducted at Charis Medika Hospital, Batam city. Data was taken using Medical Record data. The sampling technique in this study used total sampling with a total sample of 2,627 respondents. The results of the study were presented in the form of a frequency distribution and were cross tabulated and then tested with Fisher to determine the existence of a relationship.

Results: The characteristics of patients with anemia and uterine atony as were 7 people (0.3%) patients with anemia but no atony  were 58 people (2.2%) patients who were not anemia but had atony were 22 people (0.8% ) and patients who are not anemia and do not experience uterine atony weres 2,540 people (96.7%). Fisher's analysis obtained p = 0.000 (<0.05).  Ho is rejected, which means that there is a relationship between anemia in pregnancy and the incidence of uterine atony at Charis Medika Hospital.

Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between anemia in pregnancy and the incidence of uterine atony at Charis Medika Hospital, Batam city in 2020-2021
Faktor Risiko Penyakit Jantung Koroner pada Pasien Rawat Jalan di Rumah Sakit Badan Pengusahaan Kota Batam Tahun 2021
Authors: Ipaljri Saputra Andi , Sudarsono Sudarsono , Haikal Falah
Published: October 2022

Background : Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) or known as Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a disease with a long course of disease and atheroclerosis occurs along the blood vessels. When the arteries supplying the myocardium are impaired, the heart is unable a pump a certain amount of blood effectively to meet adequate blood perfusion to vital organs and peripheral tissues. This study aims to determine the risk factors for coronary heart disease in outpatient at RSBP in 2021.

Methods : The research design is a descriptive epidemiological study using a cross sectional method. The number of samples was 334 cardiac polyclinic patients who were taken using simple random sampling. The type of data used in this research is secondary data. The tool used in this study is the medical record of outpatient cardiac polyclinic patients at the Batam Management Agency Hospital (RSBP) in 2021, data analysis using the chi-square test.

Results : The result of the analysis were found to have coronary heart disease (60,2%). The risk of coronary heart disease is more dominant in total cholesterol (66,8%). There was no association between gender with coronary heart disease. There is a relationship between coronary heart disease with total cholesterol, P-value obtained is 0,000 (p<0,05).

Conclusion : Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between age, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride levels, history of hypertension, dan history of diabetes mellitus wih coronary heart disease in outpatients cardiac polyclinic patients at RSBP Batam in 2021, and there is no the relationship between gender with coronary heart disease in outpatients cardiac polyclinic at RSBP Batam in 2021.
Ecological Expediency and Economic Problems of the Fuel Transition of Cars
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Karginova-Gubinova Valentina V.
Published: October 2022

The vehicle fuel market are of high interest to many actors. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively identify the environmental feasibility and existing economic problems in the distribution of certain automobile fuels, to identify the fuel transition stakeholders and their influence on ongoing structural changes in the market. The study uses statistical data on the popularity of vehicles and certain fuels, as well as accounting and stock indicators of car manufacturers. Econometric methods, methods of financial statistics were used; regulatory impact analysis and content analysis of regulatory legal acts were carried out. In the course of the work, consumer, environmental and economic characteristics of different types of automobile fuel are systematized. It is shown that the prevalence of both more and less environmentally friendly fuels, both in the past and in the present, is explained primarily by the dominant economic interests of the actors rather than environmental ones. The complexity of coordination of interests in the fuel sphere and the gradual limitation of the possibility of opportunistic influence on the market of coalitions of interests are revealed. The directions of environmental standards adjustment for transport, measures and tools to increase the popularity of certain alternative fuels and reduce the exploitation of personal cars are proposed, with special attention paid to the specifics of the Russian market. The novelty of the study are the definition of environmental feasibility, distribution trends and existing problems associated with automotive fuels, taking into account a broad retrospective, natural and climatic and socio-economic characteristics of countries. Theoretical significance lies in identifying the role of environmental and economic interests in the past and ongoing fuel transitions. Of practical value are recommendations for solving existing environmental problems and ensuring the fuel transition in the world and the Russia, in particular.
Application of the Competitive Strategies for Restaurant Businesses in the Context of Economy Digitalization
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Akhmedova Rimma R. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Pokamestov Ilya E. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the problems of increasing the effectiveness of competitive strategies of restaurant business enterprises in the context of society digital transformation. Special attention is paid to the Russian experience of digitalization of restaurants. Domestic catering enterprises in conditions of market turbulence are forced to develop innovative competitive strategies for survival and development, an integral component of which is the business digitalization. This determines the relevance of this study. The purpose of the work is to get an idea of the current trends in the use of digital technologies in the framework of competitive strategies of restaurants. The main objectives of the study: to identify the most popular digital technological solutions used in the field of public catering; to determine the nature of the impact of these solutions on the competitive behavior of restaurants. Comparative analysis, method of analysis and synthesis of information about the restaurant market, methods of analysis of scientific publications, marketing research reports, statistical and expert data were chosen as the methodology of this study. Results: the peculiarities of the transformation of restaurant services in the conditions of digitalization are revealed; the specifics of the use of the most popular competitive strategies of restaurants in Russia at present (the strategy of separation of specialized business, the strategy of a strong integrator) are investigated; the most important types of digital systems used by restaurant businesses to automate management and accounting, to organize interaction with customers and to promote services on the market are identified; an algorithm for analyzing customer experience in the restaurant business is considered; recommendations for improving the efficiency of using digital technologies to strengthen the competitive positions of restaurants in a crisis are proposed.
Pembangunan Purwarupa Alat Ukur Gelombang Menggunakan Sensor Tekanan Dilengkapi Telemetry
Authors: Setiawan Arif , Pranowo Widodo Setiyo , Monang Sahat
Published: October 2022

Data gelombang dan data pasang surut merupakan data yang sangat dibutuhkan dalam berbagai bidang, diantarannya dalam bidang hidrografi, oseanografi, proyek rekayasa, perikanan, pariwisata dan penanggulangan bencana. Hal ini menimbulkan konsekuensi atas ketersediaan alat ukur gelombang dan pasang surut dalam skala besar, praktis, ekonomis, gelombang dan pasang surut sensor pressure yang dilengkapi dengan telemetri sehingga dapat memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut serta mewujudkan kemandirian teknologi dalam negeri. Pembuatan alat ukur tersebut dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan microcontroller Arduino mega, sensor tekanan silikon piezoresistif TMC19-100 bar G1602s, serta dilengkapi perangkat telemetri yang menggunakan Modem GSM. Alat di ujicoba di pantai putri duyung ancol selama 3 hari mulai tanggal 28 November sampai dengan 30 Nopember 2018 dengan alat pembanding RBR Duo dan Tide Master. Data pengamatan dari ketiga alat diolah dan dianalisa akurat dan akses data yang cepat. Dalam penelitian ini penulis bermaksud membuat prototype alat ukur dengan hasil data dibandingkan sehingga memiliki selisih dari ketiga alat tersebut yang kemudian dijadikan referensi untuk pengembangan alat kedepannya.
FORMULA FOR THE DURABILITY OF OIL AND GAS FIELDS
Authors:   JSC “ATYRAU OIL AND GAS UNIVERSITY NAMED AFTER SAFI UTEBAYEV” 45-a, M. Baimukhanov Street, Atyrau, 060027, Republic of Kazakhstan, AZHGALIYEV D.K.
Published: October 2022

The article is concerned with the issues of the status and results of long-term development of oil and gas fields, with consideration and justification of the factors that influence the extension of their further cost-effective development. To evaluate the potential factors of “plant life extension” of hydrocarbon reservoirs, the Munaily field in above-salt deposits of the southeastern part of the PreCaspian Depression has been designated as a pilot option. Pursuant thereto, the sequence of the major stages in the study and development, as well as the specific features of this field are provided. The forecast made by the authors for the longevity of field production is based on the factor of natural replenishment of reserves, which can be achieved through the establishment of certain restrictive measures and observance of the optimum operation mode appropriate for the conditions of each particular field. This refers to the setting of optimal oil withdrawals, the average daily flow rate of the well, etc. Determination of this pattern and its use in practical terms has favorable historical prerequisites, which is confirmed by the example of numerous objects under development in Russia and Kazakhstan. When substantiating this forecast, the main features of the geological structure of the Munaily field have also been taken into account, among which considerable importance in evaluating the mode of occurrence and productivity of above-salt deposits in the Pre-Caspian Depression is given to the presence and impact of underlying complexes of sediments. This concerns the salt-bearing section of the Kungurian age, the subsalt Paleozoic strata, and the influence of fault tectonics, which contributes to the development in the field section of certain oil and gas feed channels due to disturbances of various order, zones of decompaction, and fracture porosity of the rock formations. Following the results of the analysis, the necessity of compliance with the rehabilitation cycle of 10-15 years has been substantiated, which allows restoring the internal indicators of the energy state and the volume of hydrocarbons in line with the existing model of the reservoir (trap) of the field to the level at which the continuation of further cost-effective development is possible.
EXPERIENCE OF USING SIMULTANEOUS-SEPARATE DOWNLOADS AT THE AKSHABULAK TSENTRALNY DEPOSIT
Authors:   «JV» KAZGERMUNAI» LLP, 100 Amangeldy Street, Tasboget settlement, Kyzylorda, 120018, Republic of Kazakhstan, SHILANBAEV B.A. , AKHMETOV A.N. ,   «JV» KAZGERMUNAI» LLP, 100 Amangeldy Street, Tasboget settlement, Kyzylorda, 120018, Republic of Kazakhstan, GIZEMANN K.M. ,   «JV» KAZGERMUNAI» LLP, 100 Amangeldy Street, Tasboget settlement, Kyzylorda, 120018, Republic of Kazakhstan, KOLDEI M. ,   «JV» KAZGERMUNAI» LLP, 100 Amangeldy Street, Tasboget settlement, Kyzylorda, 120018, Republic of Kazakhstan, CHZHANLI LIU ,   «JV» KAZGERMUNAI» LLP, 100 Amangeldy Street, Tasboget settlement, Kyzylorda, 120018, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: October 2022

The traditional joint injection of water into several reservoirs with different permeability does not control bottom hole pressures and water flow for each of the reservoirs (by their current geological parameters), which leads to uneven watering of oil deposits. As a result, advanced watering of highly permeable oil reservoirs occurs, the degree of coverage decreases, uneven impact, and the development of each of the reservoirs with different reservoir properties, namely, permeability occurs. In order to reduce capital costs for drilling a new injection well in multi-layer fields, one injection well accounts for more than two perforated reservoirs of heterogeneous permeability to maintain reservoir pressure. The article describes the successful experience of implementing simultaneous-separate injection and analyzes the effectiveness of implementing the technology of simultaneous-separate injection using the example of the M-II-1 horizon of the Akshabulak Central field. Among the successfully conducted experiments, there is an increase in oil recovery, cost savings due to the effectiveness of the technology, and the absence of any complications during repair work. However, also, there are disadvantages: a decrease in injectivity for individual choke due to contamination of the internal section and an increase in injectivity due to wear of the choke, difficulties in assessing the depletion of separate layers due to the insufficient number of measurements of the inflow profile at production wells. For better results in the future, it is planned to redistribute the history of production across reservoirs at production wells on a capacitive-resistive model (CRM) using neural network technologies, using the account of PLT studies at production wells, and distributed injection across reservoirs at injection wells.
Stiff person syndrome with negative anti-gad 65 antibodies. Case report
Authors:   Department of Neurology, “Lucian Blaga” University Sibiu, Romania, Roman-Filip Corina , Radu Daniela ,   Department of Neurology, Sibiu Emergency Clinical County Hospital, Romania, Ungureanu Aurelian ,   Department of Neurology, Sibiu Emergency Clinical County Hospital, Romania, Deaconu Adelina ,   Department of Neurology, Sibiu Emergency Clinical County Hospital, Romania, Pereanu Marcel ,   Department of Neurology, “Lucian Blaga” University Sibiu, Romania
Published: October 2022

We present a case of 42-year-old woman without significant medical history, admitted in our clinic for painful neck stiffness, aggravated by emotions and stress relieved during sleep, accompanied by sweating, predominantly lower limbs weakness. The symptoms insidiously appeared one month prior presentation. On neurological examination we found painful paravertebral and laterocervical muscle contracture and spastic paraparesis. Laboratory tests included the analysis of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD65) and anti-Borrelia antibodies, carcinoma antigens (CA 125, CA 15-3) which were found negative. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis found positive oligoclonal bands with a slight increase of IgG component. Other tests including thyroid function were found normal. Brain and spinal MRI examinations showed no changes. Methylprednisolone, baclofen and carbamazepine were administered without a significant improvement. After 4 months from the first admission, the patient returns with increased symptoms for which plasma exchange achieved a slight improvement of motor deficit and rigidity. Stiff person syndrome is thought to be triggered by anti-GAD antibodies that limit the GABA receptor activity, although about 10 to 40% of the patients do not shows these antibodies in the serum.
The Effect Factors of Subjective Social Status inKorean Youth Generation
Authors:   National Association of Korean Local Government Studies, Lee MiSook
Published: October 2022

This study empirically analyzed the influence factors of the subjective social status of the youth generation in our Korean society using the data of the ‘2020 Social Integration Survey’.
To verify the relative difference in influence on subjective social status, which is a dependent variable, individual socioeconomic factors, individual emotional factors, and social relation recognition factors were selected as independent variables.
The mean analysis and reliability analysis of variables were performed through frequency analysis and reliability analysis of SPSS 25, and hierarchical regression analysis was performed in which independent variables were input step by step to analyze the factors affecting subjective social status.
As a result of the study, it was confirmed that the individual's emotional factors and social relationship recognition factors had a greater influence than the individual socioeconomic factors, which were input as independent variables. From these results, social support and cohesion should be created so that our young generation can have individual emotional stability, social support, and awareness of being in the community rather than comparing themselves to others.
Evaluation of the Moon Jae-in Government's Decentralization Policy and Future Tasks
Authors:   National Association of Korean Local Government Studies, Choi Keun-Youl
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Moon Jae-in government's policy for autonomy and decentralization and to suggest future tasks. The evaluation of the autonomy and decentralization policy will be from the inauguration of the Moon Jae-in government until the end of December 2021. The 6 strategic 33 tasks (133 unit tasks) in the 『Comprehensive Plan for Autonomy and Decentralization』 were targeted, and the evaluation method was mainly conducted by the Presidential Committee on Autonomy and Decentralization, which is the secondary data, using the "check and evaluation results of the implementation of the autonomous decentralization implementation plan" for three years (2020-2021).
Based on the implications of the results of the Moon Jae-in administration’s policy evaluation on autonomy and decentralization, as the tasks for autonomous and decentralization to be pursued in the future, decentralization-type constitutional amendment, reconstruction and strengthening of the decentralization promotion system, self-governing administration, organization, and legislative power strengthening, self-governing financial power reinforcement, special local administration reorganization of institutions, strengthening of authority and responsibility of local councils, vitalization of resident participation, and improvement of local elections and education autonomy system. were suggested.
Probing Photon Statistics in Adaptive Optics Images with SCExAO/MEC*
Authors: Steiger Sarah , Brandt Timothy D. , Guyon Olivier , Swimmer Noah , Walter Alexander B. , Bockstiegel Clinton , Lozi Julien , Deo Vincent , Vievard Sebastien , Skaf Nour , Ahn Kyohoon , Jovanovic Nemanja , Martinache Frantz , Mazin Benjamin A.
Published: October 2022

We present an experimental study of photon statistics for high-contrast imaging with the Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detector (MKID) Exoplanet Camera (MEC) located behind the Subaru Coronagraphic Extreme Adaptive Optics System at the Subaru Telescope. We show that MEC measures the expected distributions for both on-axis companion intensity and off-axis intensity, which manifests as quasi-static speckles in the image plane and currently limits high-contrast imaging performance. These statistics can be probed by any MEC observation due to the photon-counting capabilities of MKID detectors. Photon arrival time statistics can also be used to directly distinguish companions from speckles using a post-processing technique called Stochastic Speckle Discrimination (SSD). Here, we give an overview of the SSD technique and highlight the first demonstration of SSD on an extended source—the protoplanetary disk AB Aurigae. We then present simulations that provide an in-depth exploration as to the current limitations of an extension of the SSD technique called Photon-Counting SSD (PCSSD) to provide a path forward for transitioning PCSSD from simulations to on-sky results. We end with a discussion of how to further improve the efficacy of such arrival-time-based post-processing techniques applicable to both MKIDs, as well as other high-speed astronomical cameras.
Signatures of Mass Ratio Reversal in Gravitational Waves from Merging Binary Black Holes
Authors: Broekgaarden Floor S. , Stevenson Simon , Thrane Eric
Published: October 2022

The spins of merging binary black holes offer insights into their formation history. Recently it has been argued that in the isolated binary evolution of two massive stars the firstborn black hole is slowly rotating, while the progenitor of the second-born black hole can be tidally spun up if the binary is tight enough. Naively, one might therefore expect that only the less massive black hole in merging binaries exhibits nonnegligible spin. However, if the mass ratio of the binary is “reversed” (typically during the first mass transfer episode), it is possible for the tidally spun up second-born to become the more massive black hole. We study the properties of such mass ratio reversed binary black hole mergers using a large set of 560 population synthesis models. We find that the more massive black hole is formed second in ≳70% of binary black holes observable by LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA for most model variations we consider, with typical total masses ≳20 M
⊙ and mass ratios q = m
2/m
1 ∼ 0.7 (where m
1 > m
2). The formation history of these systems typically involves only stable mass transfer episodes. The second-born black hole has nonnegligible spin (χ > 0.05) in up to 25% of binary black holes, with among those the more (less) massive black hole is spinning in 0%–80% (20%–100%) of the cases, varying greatly in our models. We discuss our models in the context of several observed gravitational-wave events and the observed mass ratio—effective spin correlation.