bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION ON ENHANCING THE LAST-MILE DELIVERY AND ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION SUSTAINABILITY POST COVID-19
Authors: Myslimi Olta , Maweu Paul Muinde , Padayachee Premilla
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the study was to assess the role technology on enhancing the last-mile delivery and environment conservation sustainability. Specifically, it focused on providing answers to the following questions: Is technology enhancing last mile deliveries post Covid-19 pandemic? Are businesses using technology solutions to mitigate last mile delivery challenges? Is use of technology in last mile delivery helping in environment conservation sustainability? Does technology enhance effective B2B and B2C deliveries? The study adopted desktop research design and used secondary data based on analysing published scientific papers through platforms; Web of Science, Scopus and Emerald with majority of information derived from journals or conference proceedings not more than three years after covid-19 i.e. 2023 from the internet sources. The study found that technology enhanced last mile delivery, due to the accelerating pace of digital innovation, increased online participation, rapid growth in data analytics and transmission, and platforms facilitating innovation. The sampled papers proved that new technological development increased the efficiency, visibility, transparency of inventory levels, demand forecasting, production processes, and logistics which emphasized the role of technology as a facilitator of supply chain. The findings showed that, Technology on e-commerce experienced a massive growth within the years after Covid-19 and more and more businesses headed to the online system to sell their products and services and more customers turned to online due to convenience of the online purchase system. The results showed that, technology use in last mile delivery enhanced environmental conservation sustainability by reducing traffic in roads since orders for one location can be delivered by one truck. The study also, found challenges of last-mile delivery and presented a detailed understanding on the technology innovative solutions to mitigate the challenges. As depicted by the sampled researches last mile delivery challenges included delivery inefficiency, high costs, delayed deliveries, low-visibility, outdated technology, inaccurate route planning. Therefore, modern technology proved to be a main facilitator in addressing these challenges by providing faster deliveries, higher visibility and better quality and environment conservation sustainability. The study recommended increase of use of modern technology to enhance further last mile delivery and environment conservation sustainability.
WORK-LIFE BALANCE OF FEMALE HUMAN RESOURCES IN SELECTED BANKS IN NEPAL
Authors: Shrestha Rohit Kumar , Poudel Rajesh Kumar
Published: November 2024

Work-life imbalance is a major phenomenon for female human resources in Nepal. The objectives of the study are to identify the crucial factors affecting the work-life balance (WLB) of female human resources in selected commercial banks in Nepal and determine the influence of crucial factors affecting work-life balance on the work-life balance of female human resources in selected commercial banks in Nepal. Descriptive and causal-comparative research design and quantitative data were adopted in this study. This study applied primary data. Agricultural Development Bank Limited, Prabhu Bank, and Himalayan Bank Limited were selected as sample organizations for the study. Sample size of the study was 215. Judgmental sampling techniques were applied to collect data from respondents. Inferential statistics were applied to analyze data. Regression analysis reveals that family support, workplace support, time management, and financial assistance have significant effects on WLB. It can be concluded that these components can increase WLB. Just opposite to them child care and workload have insignificant effects on WLB. So, they cannot increase WLB in commercial banks in Nepal. Banks have to make pregnancy policies for female professionals of the commercial banks. Also, banks should make compressed work weeks, flextime, and part-time facilities to satisfy the family's needs. Policies of health insurance paid leave, and better holiday policies can enhance the work-life balance of the human resources and can reduce their workload.
Límites objetivos del capitalismo, múltiples tendencias que anuncian su fin y búsqueda de salidas ante el calentamiento global
Authors:   El Colegio de México, Boltvinik Julio
Published: November 2024

La tesis de este ensayo es que el capitalismo ha llegado a sus límites objetivos, lo que se aprecia en las tendencias múltiples que anuncian su fin. Las tendencias identificadas se clasifican en duras y blandas. El análisis se orienta en las dos tendencias duras, las que por sí mismas podrían llevar al fin del capitalismo y, una de ellas, de la vida humana. Se analizan dos versiones del fin del capitalismo, la formal o fin del capitalismo tal como lo conocemos, y la real o fin del capitalismo que da lugar a sociedades poscapitalistas. La segunda parte del ensayo se enfoca en la tendencia al fin del mundo tal como lo conocemos con el análisis de los nueve límites ecológico-planetarios, la contradicción entre valor de uso y valor (paradoja de Lauderdale), la postura crítico-positiva de Marx y la segunda contradicción de El capital postulada por James O’Connor y puesta en duda por John Bellamy Foster. La tercera parte aborda la automatización creciente y el fin de la sociedad centrada en el trabajo pagado, su posible solución por vía del ingreso ciudadano universal y otras medidas. Por último, se examinan las miradas al futuro posible, en libros de 2022 de Jeremy Rifkin y John Bellamy Foster. Mientras el primero aborda la superación del sistema fosilista y los cambios en la organización social y el tipo de ser humano que se estimularían por el cambio tecnológico, el segundo alude a la necesidad de que el proletariado medioambiental se unifique y luche unido como sujeto revolucionario.
Student Experiences of Decolonised Psychology Curricula
Authors: Ghazali-Mohammed Zayba
Published: November 2024

Students and academics have long argued that academic programmes represent a distorted, Euro-American-centric view of the world, which is commonly presented as objective and race-neutral (Bhatia, 2017). More recently, the colonial past of many universities has come into the forefront of teaching and learning as studies are highlighting that universities are unwittingly active in their exclusion of diverse, culturally and globally relevant content (Andrews, 2018). Leading academic institutions have begun to make attempts at addressing this. Decolonising education in practice; however, has been difficult to do. Studies have demonstrated that educators are unsure about how to actively facilitate this or are concerned about making mistakes. The present study uses the School of Psychology and Neuroscience at University of Glasgow (UofG) as a case study example. The school has been actively trying to decolonise their curriculum using a variety of methods since 2021. However, the impact these efforts have had, if any, are unknown. Inspired by Gilborn et al. (2021), the present study asked students from minoritised ethnic groups their views about their teaching content in a qualitative study to address where issues in psychology curricula might lie, and how teaching staff may address them. Ten psychology students were recruited in two focus groups to uncover how the psychology curriculum at UofG is experienced. Reflexive Thematic Analysis (Braun & Clark, 2022) resulted in two core themes: students' awareness of systemic issues that have historically prevented change and lowered their expectations for meaningful change, and second, students’ acknowledgement of staff efforts (positive or otherwise) to decolonise. We discuss the results in the context of teaching and learning strategies in relation to psychology and wider teaching practice, with guidance for next steps.
A distinctive bound exciton line induced by electron-beam irradiation and subsequent annealing of an unintentionally doped GaN layer
Authors: Iguchi Hiroko , Kataoka Keita , Horita Masahiro , Narita Tetsuo , Yamada Shinji , Tomita Kazuyoshi , Kachi Tetsu , Suda Jun
Published: November 2024

An undefined bound exciton line (UDX) with a photon energy 0.6 meV lower than the Si-donor bound exciton line was observed by photoluminescence in gallium nitride (GaN) layers annealed at 1100 °C after electron beam (EB) irradiation at an energy of 137–2000 keV. The UDX was not observed in samples not subjected to EB irradiation or annealing but was found in a sample annealed after EB irradiation at an energy of 137 keV, where only nitrogen atoms are displaced in GaN. The origin of the UDX was presumably formed by a thermal reaction of defects containing nitrogen-displacement-related defects.
Military Connection, Good Corporate Governance, dan Firm Risk pada Perusahaan Publik di Indonesia
Authors: Muhammad Taufiqul Yakin  , Ancella A. Hermawan
Published: November 2024

English Version
               This study aims to examine the impact of military connections on the risk of publicly traded companies in Indonesia and to assess the role of the risk monitoring committee (KPR) as a moderating variable. Data from 2,177 observations of public companies in Indonesia over the 2019-2022 period were analyzed using a quantitative approach and regression model. The study found that military connections have a negative effect on firm risk, indicating that executives with military experience are able to manage company risks effectively by emphasizing discipline, thereby reducing overall corporate risk. The study also revealed that the risk monitoring committee moderates the relationship between military connections and firm risk. These findings have implications for corporate governance policy development, specifically in mitigating the impact of military connections on corporate risk. The study contributes to evidence that the intersection between business and military connections in Indonesia influences corporate risk, highlighting the future importance of risk management. This research provides a novel perspective by focusing on the unique business and geopolitical context of Indonesia, an area that has not been the primary focus of previous studies.
 
Versi Indonesia
            Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji dampak adanya koneksi militer (military connection) terhadap risiko perusahaan publik di Indonesia dan menguji peran komite pemantau risiko (KPR) sebagai variabel moderasi. Data dianalisis dari 2177 observasi sampel perusahaan publik di Indonesia selama periode 2019-2022 menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan model regresi. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa military connection berpengaruh negatif terhadap firm risk. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa para eksekutif dengan pengalaman militer mampu mengendalikan risiko perusahaan dengan mengedepankan kedisiplinan sehingga mampu menurunkan risiko perusahaan. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa komite pemantau risiko mampu memoderasi hubungan antara military connection dan firm risk. Penelitian berimplikasi pada pentingnya bagi pengembangan kebijakan tata kelola perusahaan untuk mengurangi dampak military connection pada risiko perusahaan. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pembuktian bahwa adanya koneksi antara bisnis dan militer di Indonesia akan berdampak pada risiko perusahaan dan pentingnya manajemen risiko di masa depan. Kondisi ini menjadi keterbaharuan riset ini dimana penelitian terdahulu tidak berfokus pada kondisi bisnis dan geopolitik Indonesia
El diseño curricular como herramienta pedagógica para promover el binomio calidad-equidad
Authors:   Universidad de Cartagena, Cassella Urbano Zully Mildred
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo explora la construcción de los diseños curriculares en educación básica primaria de las instituciones públicas colombianas, para convertirlos en herramienta pedagógica de promoción del binomio calidad-equidad, en beneficio de estudiantes pertenecientes a los estratos más vulnerables, de los municipios afrodescendientes de la entidad territorial Valle, donde se concluye que el diseño del currículo debe ser contextualizado, integrando a toda la comunidad educativa del área de influencia y reconociendo la diversidad cultural, así como los verdaderos problemas de minorías étnicas, para avanzar hacia una educación conducente a la superación de la pobreza y al desarrollo de la movilidad social de estas poblaciones.
I IR II TIPO CUKRINIO DIABETO POVEIKIS BURNOS SVEIKATAI IR SERGANČIŲ SUAUGUSIŲJŲ POŽIŪRIS Į BURNOS SVEIKATĄ
Authors: Armalytė Deimantė , Daugėlienė Evelina , Barsevičienė Šarūnė
Published: November 2024

Tikslas. Atskleisti I ir II tipo cukrinio diabeto poveikįburnos sveikatai ir sergančiųsuaugusiųjųpožiūrįįbur­nos sveikatą.

Metodai. Pasirinktas kiekybinio tyrimo metodas. Ty­rimo priemonė – klausimynas. Tyrimas vykdytas 2024 m. kovo 3 – 23 dienomis, internetiniame portale Facebook patalpinus apklausos anketą grupėse, kuriose bendrauja sergantieji cukriniu diabetu. Tyrime dalyvavo 112 I ir II tipo cukriniu diabetu sergančiųsuaugusiųjų. Statistinei duomenųanalizei naudota IBM SPSS 29.0, ryšiams tarp kintamųjų nustatyti naudotas tikslusis Fisher kriterijus, pasirinktas reikšmingumo lygmuo (p < 0,05).

Rezultatai. Didelė dalis sergančiųjų I (56,9 %) ir II tipo (59,0 %) cukriniu diabetu savo burnos sveikatąįvertino patenkinamai arba blogai. Daugelis iš jų niekada nenau­dojo vieno danties šepetėlio, tarpdančiųšepetėlio, irigato­riaus, liežuvio grandiklio, seilėtekįskatinančiųpriemonių, patyrė dantenųkraujavimą, patinimą, uždegimą, dantųjautrumą, ėduonį, kserostomiją, halitozę, skonio pakiti­mus. Išanalizavus respondentųpasiskirstymąpagal bur­nos sveikatos informuotumąir įgytąišsilavinimą, buvo nustatytas statistiškai reikšmingas skirtumas (p< 0,01), palyginus neaukštąjįir aukštąjįišsilavinimąįgijusių res­pondentų požiūrį.

Išvados. Daugelio sergančiųjų cukriniu diabetu požiūris įburnos sveikatąbei žinios apie cukrinio diabeto ir bur­nos sveikatos ryšįyra nepakankamos. Tik nedidelėdalis tyrimo dalyvių laikosi rekomenduojamųindividualios burnos higienos taisyklių.
PROTARPINIO BADAVIMO POVEIKIS SVEIKATAI
Authors: Selskaitė Viktorija , Simanauskas Kazys
Published: November 2024

Nutukimas sukelia labai didelę naštą sveikatos priežiū­ros sistemai, nes yra susijęs su įvairiomis ligomis. 2022 m. 1 iš 8 žmonių pasaulyje buvo nutukę. Pagrindinis nutukimo gydymo būdas yra mitybos koregavimas. Per pastarąjį dešimtmetį protarpinis badavimas išpopulia­rėjo kaip alternatyva įprastoms svorio mažinimo strate­gijoms. Vienas iš pagrindinių mechanizmų, padedančių užtikrinti teigiamą protarpinio badavimo poveikį, yra metabolinis persijungimas, kai ketonai pakeičia gliukozę kaip pagrindinį organizmo energijos šaltinį. Įprastai tai įvyksta praėjus nuo 12 iki 36 valandų po maisto suvar­tojimo. Protarpinis badavimas teigiamai veikia organų sistemas, mažina kardiometabolinės rizikos veiksnius, visceralinių riebalų masę ir svorį. Nepaisant teigiamo poveikio sveikatai, protarpinis badavimas nėra kiekvie­nam tinkanti mitybos intervencija ir gali sukelti tam ti­krus šalutinius reiškinius.
SIMULIACIJOS METODO TAIKYMO ĮTAKA SKUBIOSIOS MEDICINOS PAGALBOS SPECIALISTŲ PRAKTINIŲ ĮGŪDŽIŲ TOBULINIMUI
Authors: Narvilienė Daiva , Aleškevič Sergej
Published: November 2024

Simuliacijos metodas yra vienas dažniausiai taikomų metodų, rengiant skubiosios medicinos pagalbos speci­alistus, kuris leidžia modeliuoti įvairių klinikinių situ­acijų scenarijus nesukeliant žalos pacientui. Taikomas simuliacijos metodas, t. y. simuliacija – dalinis tikrovės atkūrimas, perkeliantis galimai tikroviškas situacijas į imituojamą (įsivaizduojamą) aplinką, atspindi pasirinktos realaus gyvenimo situacijos savitumus bei išskirtinumą, kurių metu sprendžiami pažangios praktinio mokymosi rezultatai – nerizikingoje – aplinkoje bei ieškoma spren­dimų. Simuliacijos metu atkuriant dirbtinį realių kli­nikinių atvejų vaizdavimą, imituota aplinka naudojant įvairius simuliatorius yra nepaprastai svarbi, padedanti praktinio mokymosi procesui, siekiant nuolat tobulinti praktinius įgūdžius. Tyrimo metu buvo išanalizuota simu­liacijos metodo taikymo įtaka skubiosios medicinos pa­galbos specialistų praktinių įgūdžių tobulinimui. Vykdyta anoniminė apklausa raštu, tyrimo metu buvo apklausti 104 skubiosios medicinos pagalbos specialistai, dirban­tys Greitosios medicinos pagalbos tarnybose. Duomenys buvo statistiškai apdoroti SPSS (angl. Statistical Package for Social Science) programos 24.0 versija. Buvo atlikti lyginimai tarp populiacijos grupių (Mann-Whitney ir χ² testas); statistinių ryšių nustatymo testai (Spearman), taip pat, siekiant nustatyti skalių vidinį patikimumą (vali­dumą), buvo paskaičiuotas Cronbach alpha koeficientas, kuris buvo lygus 0,932, t. y. klausimyno patikimumas labai geras. Tyrimo rezultatų duomenimis, simuliacijos metodo taikymas, tobulinant praktinius skubiosios me­dicinos pagalbos specialistų įgūdžius, yra vienas iš es­minių praktinio mokymo komponentų, siekiant užtikrinti galimybes kritiškai mąstyti ir priimti sprendimus, įgyti patirties, suteikti geresnes galimybes ugdyti klinikinius įgūdžius, analizuoti klinikinių atvejų klaidas ir mokytis iš jų, nedarant žalos pacientui.
SLAUGYTOJŲ LYDERYSTĖS VAIDMENYS DIRBANT SU ONKOLOGINĖMIS LIGOMIS SERGANČIAIS PACIENTAIS
Authors: Marcinkevičienė Akvilė , Žydžiūnaitė Vilma
Published: November 2024

Tikslas. Atskleisti ir aprašyti slaugytojų lyderystės vai­dmenis dirbant su onkologinėmis ligomis sergančiais pa­cientais stacionarinėje sveikatos priežiūros institucijoje.

Metodologija. Tyrimas vykdytas 2023 m. spalio – lap­kričio mėn. Tyrime dalyvavo 10 onkologijos slaugytojų. Vykdytas kokybinis tyrimo dizainas. Duomenims rinkti įvykdyti pusiau struktūruoti interviu. Kokybiniai duome­nys analizuoti taikant latentinę kokybinę turinio analizę.

Rezultatai. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė onkologijos slau­gytojų vykdomus lyderystės vaidmenis, slaugytojų ver­tinamos paciento sveikatos būklės specifiką, kylančias praktikos problemas ir jų sprendimų pobūdį, onkologi­jos slaugytojo lyderystės stiprinimo gebėjimus ir insti­tucinio palaikymo slaugytojo lyderystės efektyvinimui poreikį.

Išvados. Paciento būklė / sveikatos situacija vertinama nustatant paciento savarankiškumo lygį, slaugos po­reikius ir psichologinę būseną. Onkologijos slaugyto­jai savarankiškai sprendžia iškilusius sunkumus, tačiau aktyviai bendradarbiauja ir su kolegomis slaugytojais, gydytojais bei pacientų artimaisiais. Onkologijos slaugy­tojai atlieka tris lyderystės vaidmenis: konsultanto-infor­muotojo, mokytojo/edukatoriaus ir psichologo. Vienok slaugant onkologinėmis ligomis sergančius pacientus, svarbu stiprinti slaugytojų lyderystės gebėjimus – empa­tiškumą, bendradarbiavimą ir bendravimą su pacientu, laikytis teigiamų nuostatų savo elgsenoje su pacientais. Institucinis palaikymas onkologijos slaugytojų lyderystei yra svarbus ir susijęs su kvalifikacijos kėlimo įvairove bei galimybėmis, darbo krūvio ir atlygio sistemos per­žiūra sveikatos priežiūros institucijoje.
NEUROVAIZDINIAI IR LABORATORINIAI ALZHEIMERIO LIGOS DIAGNOSTIKOS METODAI: MRT, PET, LIKVORO IR KRAUJO TYRIMAI BEI JŲ PRITAIKYMAS
Authors: Amankulovas Edvinas , Lukoševičius Saulius
Published: November 2024

Alzheimerio liga yra progresuojanti neurodegeneracinė būklė, sukelianti kognityvinių ir funkcinių gebėjimų nykimą ir mirtį. Pagrindiniai patologiniai pokyčiai yra amiloido–β (Aβ) baltymo plokštelės ir tau baltymo neuro­fibriliniai raizginiai, pažeidžiantys nervinių ląstelių jung­tis. Alzheimerio ligos diagnostikai naudojami pozitronų emisijos tomografijos (PET), magnetinio rezonanso to­mografijos (MRT) bei laboratoriniai tyrimai, kurie leidžia aptikti ir nustatyti struktūrinius ir funkcinius smegenų pokyčius. MRT tyrimas nustato smegenų atrofiją, tačiau nėra specifinis Alzheimerio ligai. PET tyrimai leidžia iš­matuoti smegenų gliukozės metabolizmą, nustatyti Aβ baltymo plokšteles bei tau baltymo sankaupas ir teikia galimybę ankstyvai ligos diagnostikai. Laboratoriniai tyrimai padeda nustatyti Aβ ir tau baltymų koncentraciją kraujyje bei likvore ir aptikti biožymenis, susijusius su ligos progresavimu. Nors tyrimai turi savo privalumų ir trūkumų, jie yra svarbūs Alzheimerio ligos diagnostikai ir pacientų gyvenimo kokybės gerinimui.
SEBORĖJINIS DERMATITAS: PATOGENEZĖ, KLINIKA IR GYDYMO YPATUMAI
Authors: Kurmilevičiūtė Ema , Gražulevičiūtė Elzė , Skučaitė Patricija , Kazlauskaitė Jūratė
Published: November 2024

Šiame straipsnyje aptariama seborėjinio dermatito pa­togenezė, simptomai ir gydymo galimybės. Remiantis analizuotais šaltiniais aptartas pagrindinis numanomas seborėjinio dermatito sukėlėjas – Malassezia spp. grybe­lis, sukeliantis dermatito klinikinius simptomus: eritemą, niežulį ir pleiskanojimą. Šie bėrimai dažniausiai loka­lizuojasi galvos, veido ir krūtinės srityse. Efektyviausi gydymo metodai apima emolientų, ketokonazolio prepa­ratų, vietinių kortikosteroidų ir kalcineurino inhibitorių naudojimą. Supratimas apie šios ligos patogenezę bei tinkamų gydymo metodų taikymą yra esminis siekiant efektyviai pagerinti pacientų gyvenimo kokybę.
PROSTATOS VĖŽIO DIAGNOSTIKA
Authors: Lukšaitė Aistė Marija
Published: November 2024

Prostatos vėžys – tai vienas dažniausių vidutinio amžiaus vyrų onkologinių susirgimų. Paprastai ankstyvosiose ligos stadijose jis simptomų nesukelia ir simptomai pa­sireiškia vėlai, kai jau yra išplitęs onkologinis procesas.

Tyrimo tikslas – išanalizuoti ir apibendrinti mokslinės literatūros duomenis apie prostatos vėžio diagnostiką. Atlikta mokslinių publikacijų apžvalga ir analizė. Lite­ratūros šaltinių paieška atlikta PubMed duomenų bazėje. Į apžvalgą įtrauktos pastarųjų 5 metų mokslinės publi­kacijos anglų kalba.

Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė, kad nėra vieno specifinio pro­statos vėžio diagnostikos būdo. Svarbu taikyti prostatos vėžio prevencijos programą, atliekant prostatos specifinio antigeno analizę kraujyje. Digitalinis rektalinis tyrimas nėra jautriausias prostatos vėžio diagnostikos tyrimas, tačiau šio tyrimo metu nustačius pakitimus prostatoje, pacientų rizika sirgti kliniškai reikšmingu prostatos vėžiu padidėja tris kartus. Transrektaliniu ultragarsiniu tyrimu sunku arba praktiškai neįmanoma diagnozuoti prosta­tos vėžio, dėl riboto tyrimo vaizdinimo galimybių, ku­rios sunkina vėžinių darinių diferenciaciją nuo gerybinių pakitimų. Priešinės liaukos biopsija išlieka pagrindinis diagnostikos metodas patikslinantis diagnozę, ligos sta­diją, išplitimą bei yra reikšmingas planuojant gydymą ir paciento stebėjimą. Daugiaparametrinė magnetinio rezonanso tomografija yra svarbus prostatos vėžio di­agnostikos tyrimas, pagerinantis kliniškai reikšmingo prostatos vėžio diagnostiką, leidžiantis tiksliai nustatyti tinkamas prostatos biopsijos paėmimo vietas ir dauge­liui pacientų sumažinantis nereikalingų biopsijų skaičių. Prostatos specifinio membraninio antigeno pozitronų emisijos tomografija/kompiuterinė tomografija yra tiks­lesnis tyrimas nustatant prostatos vėžio stadiją nei įprasti vaizdiniai tyrimai ir trečdaliui pacientų nulemia prostatos vėžio gydymo taktikos keitimą.

Išvados. Vieno specifiškiausio ir tiksliausio prostatos vė­žio diagnostikos metodo nėra, tačiau tyrimų kombinacija padeda anksti diagnozuoti prasidėjusį onkologinį procesą. PSMA PET/KT šiuo metu yra pats jautriausias prostatos vėžio diagnostikos ir stadijavimo vaizdavimo metodas.
HISTRIONINIO TIPO ASMENYBĖS SUTRIKIMAS: EPIDEMIOLOGIJA, KLINIKA IR GYDYMO GALIMYBĖS
Authors: Kazlauskaitė Žyginta
Published: November 2024

Histrioninio tipo asmenybės sutrikimas – psichopatolo­gija, kuriai būdingas dėmesio reikalaujantis ir perdėtai seksualaus pobūdžio elgesys, teatrališkos emocijos ir santykių artimumo pervertinimas. Būklei būdingas ko­morbidiškumas su kitais asmenybės sutrikimais, ypač priskiriamais B klasteriui. Diagnozės nustatymui svarbus nuodugnus paciento stebėjimas įvairiomis aplinkybėmis. Sutrikimo gydymo galimybės ribotos – specifinio farma­kologinio gydymo nėra, tačiau galimas psichoterapijos taikymas simptomų lengvinimui.
DAUGIAFORMĖ GLIOBLASTOMA: EPIDEMIOLOGIJA, KLINIKA IR PROGNOZĖ
Authors: Novičenko Einius
Published: November 2024

Daugiaformė glioblastoma yra dažniausias ir agresy­viausias iš piktybinių pirminių galvos smegenų navikų, labiausiai paveikiantis vyresnio amžiaus žmones. Šio naviko klinikinis pasireiškimas paprastai priklauso nuo galvos smegenų srities, kurioje jis lokalizuotas. Pagrindi­niai simptomai yra nuolatinis silpnumas, nuovargis, regos ir kalbos sutrikimai, asmenybės bei nuotaikos pokyčiai ir traukuliai. Šiuo metu daugiaformė glioblastoma yra nepagydoma ir susijusi su prasta prognoze, o gydymo tikslas − gyvenimo kokybės ir išgyvenamumo gerini­mas. Taikant maksimalias gydymo taktikas – chirurgiją, radioterapiją ir chemoterapiją, vidutinis išgyvenamumas siekia vos 15 mėnesių.
TULŽIES PŪSLĖS AKMENYS IR POLIPAI: RIZIKOS VEIKSNIAI, DIAGNOSTIKA, GYDYMAS IR PREVENCIJA
Authors: Šileikienė Agnė , Simanauskas Kazys
Published: November 2024

Straipsnyje apžvelgiama tulžies pūslės akmenligės (TPA) ir tulžies pūslės polipų (TPP) etiologija, rizikos veiks­niai, diagnostika, klinika, gydymas ir prevencija. TPA yra dažna patologija ekonomiškai išsivysčiusiose šalyse, kurią lemia genetiniai ir gyvensenos veiksniai. Išskiriami trys pagrindiniai akmenų tipai – cholesteroliniai, pigmen­tiniai ir mišrūs, bei jų formavimosi mechanizmai. Nors daugelis TPA atvejų yra besimptomiai ir diagnozuojami atsitiktinai pilvo organų echoskopijos metu, staiga atsi­radę simptomai, tokie kaip kepenų kolika, gali reika­lauti skubios cholecistektomijos, kuri yra auksinis TPA gydymo standartas. Konservatyvūs gydymo būdai nėra pakankamai efektyvūs TPA gydymui.

TPP dažniausiai būna gerybiniai ir besimptomiai, taip pat randami atsitiktinai pilvo organų echoskopijos metu. Didesni nei 10 mm arba greitai augantys polipai turi su­piktybėjimo riziką, todėl tokius polipus reikalinga ste­bėti, o kartais ir operuoti, t. y. atlikti cholecistektomiją.

Straipsnyje pabrėžiama ir prevencijos svarba, įskaitant sveikos mitybos įpročius ir fizinį aktyvumą, taip pat ga­limą ursodeoksicholino rūgšties vartojimą ypatingais atvejais.
ANTIBACTERIAL AND REPARATIVE ACTIVITY OF DIODE LASER IN ENDODONTIC TREATMENT OF TEETH WITH PERIAPICAL LESION ANALYZED WITH OPTICAL DENSITY AND RT-PCR
Authors: Mamedzade Rashid E. , Ahmedbeyli Ramiz M.
Published: November 2024

Objectives: Modern methods of endodontic treatment of periodontitis include a set of measures to achieve sterilization
of the root canal system. Current chemomechanical cleaning methods do not always achieve these goals, and insufficient
root canal disinfection is the main reason for endodontic failure. Relatively new approaches for disinfecting and cleaning the root canals include
lasers. However, the acceptance of laser technology by clinicians still remains limited. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antibacterial and
reparative activity of a diode laser in the endodontic treatment of teeth with a periapical lesion. Material And Methods: Endodontic treatment
in the experimental group included the use of calcium hydroxide three times with an interval of 7-14 days, followed by a long-term temporary
obturation with calcium hydroxide with iodoform, ultrasonic activation of sodium hypochlorite, hydrodynamic irrigation, and a diode laser with
the following permanent root canal obturation. In the control group the same treatment was applied without the use of a diode laser. The study of
the content of microorganisms in the root canal was carried out by Real-Time PCR. Optical density (OD) in the periapical area was performed
using the Measure Density Profile program (Sidexis, Sirona). Results: Under our supervision, there were 62 human permanent teeth with a
periapical lesion from 1.8 mm to 5.9 mm in size, divided into two groups (experimental and control), 31 in each. Endodontic treatment performed
in both groups ascertained dif ferent antimicrobial activity. Complete inhibition of microorganisms was determined in patients of the
experimental group. The treatment performed in the control group, which did not include the use of a diode laser, was less active
antimicrobiologically. According to optical density in the experimental group, a change in bone density in the periapical area from 35.7 ± 1.76%
to 50.6 ± 1.51% (p ˂ 0.001) was determined. The improvement in bone density during the treatment period was 14.9 ± 1.38%. In the control
group, where antibacterial activity was less pronounced, a change in bone density occurred from 36.0 ± 1.87% to 48.7 ± 1.62% (p˂0.001).
Indicators of improvement in bone density were significantly lower - 12.7 ± 1.28%. (p˂0.05). Conclusion: Both treatment regimens tested in
groups determined dif ferent antimicrobial activity. Complete inhibition of microorganisms was determined in patients of the experimental
group. The treatment regimen tested in the control group, which did not include the use of a diode laser, was less active antimicrobiologically.
The use of a diode laser in endodontic treatment of the teeth with a periapical lesion enhances the antibacterial activity and promotes more active
repair in the bone.
THE HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN NORMOTENSIVE AND HYPERTENSIVE INDIAN ADULTS IN MADHUBANI DISTRICT OF BIHAR- A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Zakiuddin Mohammad , Mazhari Fazal Aziz , Ahmed N , Ansari Zeba Khalid
Published: November 2024

Background: Autonomic imbalance is seen in hypertensive. Hypertension is a critical health condition that damages vascular system and organ
systems like heart, brain, kidneys, eyes and genital organs. Aims & Objective: To compare the heart rate variability in normotensive and
hypertensive Indian adults in Madhubani district of Bihar. Methods And Materials: The study was conducted in the Department of Physiology,
Madhubani Medical College, Madhubani, Bihar. The test group consisted of 75 healthy normotensive subjects studying in 1st year of MBBS with
hypertensive parents and the control group consisted of 75 healthy normotensive of 1st year of MBBS with both parents normotensive. In time
domain analysis the standard deviation of all normal-to-normal intervals {SDNN(ms)} was taken as index of overall HRV. Frequency domain
analysis was done with respect to low frequency (LF) analysis and high frequency (HF) analysis. Low and high frequency power were expressed in
normalized units. Results: The SDNN was reduced in cases but was not statistically signicant. RMSSD was also reduced in cases though not
statistically signicant. LFnu was found to be signicantly higher in cases. The HFnu was signicantly reduced in cases. LF/HF ratio was found to
be higher in cases and the difference was statistically signicant. Study comprised of 60 test subjects and 60 controls. There were no signicant
differences in the age, height and BMI between the two groups. There were no signicant differences in the basal systolic and
diastolic blood pressure as well as pulse rate in between the two groups. Conclusion: Our ndings show that HRV is reduced in normotensive
young adults with history of parental hypertension. This lower HRV is associated with greater risk for developing latent hypertension.
IP-10 AND PROCALCITONIN IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE PATIENTS: CORRELATION AND ROLE AS BIOMARKERS
Authors: Gupta Seema , Singh Ankita , Jaswal Shivani , Garg Kranti , Kaur Jasbinder , Saini Varinder
Published: November 2024

Background: India is a high burden country for COPD and patients usually land up in the Emergency Departments with exacerbations. Bacterial
infections are one of the major causes of such exacerbations. Newer biomarkers are required to be identified so that these patients are diagnosed and
managed at an early stage, thus reducing the subsequent morbidity and mortality. Interferon-gamma protein-10(IP-10) and procalcitonin(PCT)
have been studied as biomarkers but limited literature is available in the Indian context. Material & MethodsAcross sectional and observational
study was done to estimate the levels of IP-10 and PCT in 77 patients of COPD presenting with acute exacerbation. IP-10 was done by ELISAand
PCT was done by Chemiluminiscence on Advia Centaur-XP. Results: Mean serum IP-10 and PCT were found to be 645.172±528.8pg/ml and
0.928±3.37pg/ml respectively. The study group was further divided into four categories accordingly to the levels of PCT and their IP-10 results
were compared. The trend shown in IP-10 values was in accordance with the PCT values, in differentiating between highly unlikely/ unlikely and
likely/highly likely bacterial infections. Conclusion: IP-10 and PCTboth can be used as biomarkers of bacterial infections in COPD exacerbations
and may be used for guiding subsequent management.
TO EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF CORROSION ON TITANIUM ALLOY IN DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF FLUORIDE: AN IN-VITRO STUDY
Authors: Bhende Minal , Khetan Jitendra , Sharma Alok , Mahajan Namrata , Nirgude Akshata , Sonawane Arati
Published: November 2024

Purpose: The exceptional qualities of titanium, including its chemical inertness, mechanical strength, low Young's modulus, remarkable corrosion
resistance, and outstanding biocompatibility, make it an ideal material for use in biomedical and dental applications. Signicant regional
differences in uoride levels can be seen on the geographical representation of India. So the purpose was to evaluate the effect of corrosion on
titanium alloys in different concentrations of uoride. Titanium alloy emmersed in articial saliva solutions containing Materials and Method:
uoride concentration of 1000PPM, 1040PPM and 2400PPM of uoride. And the corrosion was tested using the electrochemical techniques.
Results: The mean values of E and I were assessed for the 3 month and 6 months and additionally the paired T-test and p value was applied. corr corr
Overall, the paired t-tests show statistically signicant variations in mean values between different PPM concentration settings for both variables,
E and I . Increased susceptibility to corrosion has been seen in titanium alloys due to the impairment of the protective oxide layer Corr Corr Conclusion:
by higher concentrations of uoride ions.
A MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF ACETABULUM IN UDAIPUR POPULATION
Authors: Pratiksha Tiwari , Seema Prakash , Ojha Parveen , Das Sanjeev Jesambal , Khan Rihab Moin , Anish Nagda , Sharma Neeraj
Published: November 2024

Background: The acetabulum is an approximately hemispherical cavity situated at lateral aspect of the hip bone. It faces antero-inferiorly and it is
circumscribed by an irregular margin decient inferiorly at the acetabular notch. The pubis, ischium and the ilium form the pubic bone. Orthopedic
surgeons and biomedical engineers are trying to make the best prosthesis for total hip replacement. Methadology: This was a cross-sectional,
observational study done on 50 dry hip bones of unknown age and sex collected from the Department of Anatomy, RNT Medical College, Udaipur,
Rajasthan, India. Antero-posterior diameter of acetabulum and Acetabular notch diameter were measured and shape of anterior ridge of
acetabulum were Visually examined. Results:Atotal of 50 dry hip bones of unknown age and gender were studied. Mean antero-posterior diameter
of the acetabulum was found to be 5.14cm and mean acetabular notch width was 2.50cm. Most common shape of anterior acetabular ridge was
found to be curved shape which constitute about 48%. Irregular and straight shape was seen in 18% bones. 16% of bones showed angular acetabular
ridge. Conclusion: The narrow notch width in our study may be related to the high prevalence of curved anterior acetabular ridges, as both features
are associated with increased joint stability. This nding has implications for orthopedic surgeons, as a narrower notch width may require
adjustments in surgical approaches and hip prosthetic design.
Actors and structures in politics
Authors: Bartolini Stefano
Published: November 2024

This manuscript reports, with minor variations, the opening Key Lecture of the Italian Political Science Association Conference held in Trieste on September 12, 2024.
This text consists of tentative but hopefully not random thoughts on the topic of the relationship between ‘actors’ and ‘structures’ in politics. It defends some lines of research that the author regards as definitely needed in the current state of the discipline. It covers a great number of complex topics that is compelled to treat succinctly and for this owes apologies to the audience. The title includes three terms; actors, structures and politics. The first two terms do not require special clarification, except for two points. First, they are used as synonymous of the terms ‘micro’ (referring to actors) and ‘macro’ (referring to structures). Second, the text avoids to enter in the extensive theoretical literature that discuss the terms ‘structure’ and ‘structuralism’. The term ‘structure’ is used for the ‘constellation of political actors’, as discussed later in the text. In this context, the term ‘politics’ means simply that the relationship between actors and structures will be seen from the specific point of view of political science. This is a vantage point of view with respect to how the problem is usually framed in sociology and economics.
NORMAS PARA PUBLICAÇÃO NA REVISTA DA SOBAMA
Authors: Editorial Laboratório
Published: November 2024

A revista da Sobama é um órgão de divulgação da Associação Brasileira de Atividade Motora Adaptada. A revista da Sobama foi criada para atender às necessidades de divulgação e discussão da produção científica e de assuntos da área de atividade motora adaptada. A revista da Sobama aceitaa submissão de manuscritos de profissionais e pesquisadores de diferentes áreas como educação física e esportes, fisioterapia, educação especial, psicologia e outras cujos manuscritos tenham perfis direcionados à área de atividade motora adaptada ou pertinente aos interesses dos leitores da revista da Sobama. Cabe aos editores da revista da Sobama decidir sobre a pertinência da colaboração.
Talus Fracture in Children: Case Report
Authors: Fettah Meryem , Mimouni Mohammed , Charki Mohamed Tazi , Abdellaoui Hicham , Atarraf Karima , Afifi Moulay Abderahmane
Published: November 2024

Fracture of the talus is uncommon in childhood, it represents serious injuries of the foot skeleton. The most significant complications include osteonecrosis and posttraumatic malalignment with subsequent arthritis. We report a case of talar neck fracture that occurred in a 12-year-old boy. We present the clinical outcome, radiological results and orthopaedic follow-up.
Ectopic Cushing's Syndrome: About A Defying Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Boukhalfa Ahmed , Rafi Sana , Ijdda Sara , Mghari Ghizlane El , Ansari Nawal El
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Ectopic secretion of Adrno-Cortico-Tropic-Hormone (ACTH) is a rare cause of endogenous hypercorticism. Locating the tumour responsible remains the main and most difficult stage in its management. Case report: We report the case of a 33-year-old male patient admitted with rapidly progressive flare hypercorticism related to ectopic ACTH secretion. Given the rapid worsening of the clinicobiological picture and the impossibility of locating the causative tumour, a bilateral salvage adrenalectomy was performed. Discussion and Conclusion: The small size of the tumours responsible for ectopic ACTH secretion sometimes makes them very difficult to localise, necessitating the use of symptomatic rescue treatments.
Triple Negative Breast Cancer: Experience of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department 2 Over A Period of 3 Years about 105 Cases at the Hassan II University Hospital in Fes
Authors: Sanoh Abraham Alexis , Alaoui Fatima Zohra Fdili , Jayi Sofia , Belhadj Yassine , Chaara Hikmat , Melhouf Moulay Abdelilah
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and the leading cancer in women. It is both the most common and the leading cause of death in women from cancer, thus posing a real public health problem. It presents tumor heterogeneity on the histological and molecular levels, explaining the diversity of presentations, responses to treatments, and prognosis. Triple-negative breast cancer is defined by the absence of expression of hormone receptors: estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR) and by the absence of overexpression or amplification of genes encoding HER2 receptors (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) and representing only a minority of breast cancers (10-20%). The therapeutic choices for this type of breast cancer are limited because patients do not benefit from hormonal therapy or targeted therapies, which poses a real problem in therapeutic management. Our objective is to describe the epidemiological, clinical, anatomo-pathological characteristics, as well as the evolutionary profile after adequate management of triple-negative breast cancer through the analysis of a series of cases of triple-negative breast cancer collected at the gynecology-obstetrics department 2 at the Hassan II University Hospital in Fez. Method: This is a retrospective study of a series of triple negative breast cancer cases collected in the gynecology-obstetrics department II at the Hassan II University Hospital in Fez during the period between January 2020 and December 2023. Inclusion criteria: Histologically confirmed triple negative infiltrating breast cancer treated in the gynecology-obstetrics department 2 of the Hassan II University Hospital in Fez. IHC = ER = 0% RP = 0% HER2 negative Exclusion criteria: male sex and presence of distant metastases. Results: On the epidemio-clinical level: a peak in frequency between 31 and 42 years old, and 45.7% of patients still in genital activity. On the anatomo-pathological level: ...
Obstructive sleep apnea in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease (non-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis): what should be offered?
Authors: Gouveia Cardoso1,2 Catarina , Valente1 Carolina , Serino3 Mariana , Rodrigues4 Inês , Carvalho4 André , Barros Coelho1,2,5 David , Novais Bastos1,2,5 Hélder , Caetano Mota1,2,5 Patrícia , Morais1,2,5, António , Drummond2,5,6 Marta
Published: November 2024

Objective: The frequency of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is high. The clinical course of non-IPF interstitial lung disease (ILD) can be similar to that of IPF. We sought to assess the frequency and predictors of OSA in patients with non-IPF fibrotic ILD, as well as the impact of positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy on the quality of life of such patients. Methods: This was a prospective study in which non-IPF fibrotic ILD patients underwent a home sleep apnea test. The patients with and without OSA were compared, and a multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify independent predictors of OSA. At 3 months after initiation of PAP therapy, we evaluated the participating patients for respiratory events, nocturnal hypoxemia, and changes in quality of life. Results: Of a total of 50 patients, 50% were male, and 76% were diagnosed with OSA. The mean age was 67.8 ± 8.3 years. The patients with OSA had significantly lower TLC (p = 0.033) and awake SpO2 (p = 0.023) than did those without OSA. In the multivariate logistic regression model, SpO2 (OR = 0.46; p = 0.016) and TLC (OR = 0.95; p = 0.026) remained significantly associated with OSA risk. A total of 12 patients received PAP therapy. At 3 months after initiation of PAP therapy, 91.7% were well controlled, Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores decreased significantly (p = 0.006), and emotional well-being tended to improve (p = 0.068). PAP therapy corrected nocturnal hypoxemia in all patients. Conclusions: We found a high frequency of OSA in patients with non-IPF fibrotic ILD. A low TLC was an independent predictor of a higher risk of OSA. PAP therapy can correct nocturnal hypoxemia. There should be a low threshold for suspicion of OSA and initiation of PAP therapy in patients with non-IPF fibrotic ILD.
CPAP delivered via a helmet interface in lightly sedated patients with moderate to severe ARDS: predictors of success outside the ICU
Authors: de Melo Matos1,2 Isabella , Santos Tomaz2 Betina , Uchoa Sales3 Maria da Penha , Carvalho Gomes1 Gabriela , Brazil Viana Junior4 Antonio , R. Gonçalves5,6 Miguel , Alcantara Holanda1 Marcelo , Delgado Barros Pereira1 Eanes
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aimed to describe the outcomes and explore predictors of intubation and mortality in patients with ARDS due to COVID-19 treated with CPAP delivered via a helmet interface and light sedation. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study involving patients with COVID-19-related ARDS who received CPAP using a helmet developed in Brazil (ELMOT), associated with a light sedation protocol in a pulmonology ward. Demographic, clinical, imaging, and laboratory data, as well as the duration and response to the ELMO-CPAP sessions, were analyzed. Results: The sample comprised 180 patients. The intubation avoidance rate was 72.8%. The lack of necessity for intubation was positively correlated with younger age, > 24-h continuous HELMET-CPAP use in the first session, < 75% pulmonary involvement on CT, and ROX index > 4.88 in the second hour. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 18.9%, whereas those in the nonintubated and intubated groups were 3.0% and 61.2%, respectively. Advanced age increased the mortality risk by 2.8 times, escalating to 13 times post-intubation. Conclusions: ELMO-CPAP with light sedation in a pulmonology ward was successful in > 70% of patients with moderate to severe ARDS due to COVID-19. Younger age, pulmonary involvement, ROX index, and prolonged first Helmet-CPAP session duration were associated with no need for intubation. Older age and intubation are associated with mortality.
Excess Reserve Management of Bangladesh Bank
Authors: Imam Abu Sayed
Published: November 2024

Monetary accounts identity is taken into consideration to derive the excess reserves (ER) of deposit money banks (DMBs). DMBs Taka balance with Bangladesh Bank (BB) in reserve money (RM) minus cash reserve requirement (CRR) results ER in the central banks account. The shortfall of ER can also happen. ER is affected by autonomous and policy factors. Autonomous factor includes net foreign assets (NFA), net position of government and currency in circulation (CIC). The ER is managed through open market operations (OMOs), which is the policy factor. Without BBs intervention four days ER forecast is calculated in this paper to maintain the orderly situation in interest rate, exchange rate, inflation and output. Rise in call money appreciates the Taka against foreign currency and help to stiffen the inflation. Management of ER or Taka liquidity including sterilisation using BB Bill and reverse repo is crucial when NFA of RM increases. Using of principal asset mortgaging government securities to get liquidity through repo assured liquidity support facility (ALSF) is also important element for optimum ER management in Bangladesh. This paper addresses the issues relating to monetary and economic analysis, the two pillars of monetary policy for effective management of money multiplier (mm) and forecasting of ER. Quantity theory of money is analyzed to understand the money demand and supply relating to ER. The stability in mm is used as underlying factor to make relation among ER, interest rate, exchange rate, inflation and output.