bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vascular plants of Pilzno surroundings (South-Eastern Poland)
Authors: Towpasz Krystyna
Published: May 2020

The paper presents the occurrence of vascular plant species in the southern part of the Pilzno commune based on monographic studies from the area of Ciężkowice and Strzyżów Foothills (Western Carpathians). The study contains a list of plant species, both native and of alien origin. For each species its habitat and sites in the ATPOL network were given.
Construction of the nest of Amazilia rutila De Lattre (Trochillidae) and its anti- predatory defensive strategy in a medium deciduous forest in Campeche, Mexico
Authors: López-Castilla Héctor M.J. , Ríos-Oviedo Ángel , Cetzal-Ix William , Basu Saikat Kumar
Published: May 2020

The Yucatan peninsula (YP) is part of a biogeographical area characterised by its diversity of flora and fauna, among which are the birds, mainly hummingbirds, which are indicators of the state of conservation of the ecosystems. In birds, the site establishment and construction of nest plays a fundamental role for reproduction and survival rate, the selection of materials occurs opportunistically, but birds tend to use fresh leaves of plants with antimicrobial properties or that allow the depletion of ectoparasites in their nests. In this sense, for the first time we recorded for the cinnamon hummingbird (Amazilia rutila De Lattre), the materials used for the construction of its nest and the site of establishment of the nest in the host plants in two sites of a medium sub-deciduous forest in, Mexico. We recorded the construction of nests of A. rutila in two locations in Campeche; in the first site the nest was found in a chaya bush Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) I.M. Johnst. (Euphorbiaceae); most possibly as an anti-predatory strategy for trichomes in the form of sharp hairs and spines that the plants possess in their stems and leaves. In the second site, the nest was found in a mango tree Mangifera indica L. (Anacardiaceae). The main vegetative material identified for the construction of the nests in both locations, were made from pappus (thin and cottony filament that possess the seeds for the dispersion) from Asclepias curassavica L. (Apocynaceae).
FATORES DE VIRULÊNCIA E SUSCEPTIBILIDADE A ANTIFÚNGICOS DE Cryptococcus spp.
Authors: Veiga Flávia Franco , Cézar Joice dos Santos , Jarros Isabele Carrilho , Negri Melyssa
Published: May 2020

Criptococose é uma doença grave que afeta tanto imunocomprometidos quanto imunocompetentes, com isso analisar a virulência é fundamental para novas terapêuticas. Objetivo: analisar a capacidade de virulência e susceptibilidade aos antifúngicos de Cryptococcus spp. isolados de líquor de pacientes de hospital do norte do Paraná. Métodos: a partir de dois isolados clínicos. C. neoformans e C. gattii, mantidos em micoteca, realizou-se a reativação e confirmação da identificação. Para a virulência, avaliou-se o tamanho da cápsula, capacidade de sobrevivência após exposição à neutrófilos, produção de melanina e urease. No antifungigrama por difusão em disco utilizou-se: anfotericina B, cetoconazol, voriconazol, itraconazol e miconazol. Resultados: C. gattii destaca-se por maior desenvolvimento da cápsula além da melhor capacidade de sobreviver a fagocitose em relação ao C. neoformans. No antifungigrama, ambos os isolados apresentam-se sensíveis às drogas estudadas. Conclusão: Esses achados contribuem para a compreensão das diferentes patogêneses entre C. gattii e C. neoformans.
Impact of tumor anatomic characteristics on patient radiation dose during transarterial chemoembolization
Authors: Camacho Yohana Sarahi Mateo , Tapia Edgar Alonso , Timaran David Ernesto , Torres Christian Alexander , Palma Jovanni Govea , Chavez Francisco , Vazquez Julita del Socorro Orozco
Published: May 2020

Objective:

The aim of the study was to determine the association between anatomic tumor characteristics and the radiation dose in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective study was performed over a 42 months period. A total of 51 TACE procedures were included in the study. Information collected included: Gender, BMI, height, weight, cumulative dose area product (KAP), cumulative reference air kerma (RAK), maximum tumor diameter, multinodular tumors, and embolization material. Parametric univariate and simple linear regression analysis were used to determine associations between quantitative variables.

Results:

A total of 51 procedures in 37 patients, 19 women (51%) and 18 men (49%), with a mean age of 56 years (±17.3 years) and a mean BMI of 24 kg/m2 were included in the study. Overall, patient radiation dose was as follows: Mean KAP of 542.2 Gy* cm2 (±307 Gy* cm2) with a mean RAK of 2930.2 mGy (±1776.5 mGy). Higher patient radiation doses were observed in men (581.6 ± 262.9 Gy* cm2 vs. 497.8 ± 350.5 Gy* cm2) (P = 0.06) and in patients with higher BMIs (KAP: r = 0.37 [P = 0.01]; RAK: r = 0.4 [P = 0.01]). Patients with multinodular disease were found with lower radiation dose according to RAK (1710.7 ± 1118.6 mGy vs. 3227.7 ± 1789.1 mGy, P = 0.03). Furthermore, logistic regression analysis demonstrated that patients with multinodular disease received 10% lower dose, according to RAK, when compared to patients with single tumors (odds ratio 1.001, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1–1.002) (P = 0.02).

Conclusion:

TACE is an effective method to treat patients with HCC that may be performed within acceptable radiation dose limits. Anatomic tumor characteristics were found to be associated with patient radiation dose. Interestingly, multi-tumor disease was found to cause a radiation dose reduction of 10%.
PENGARUH KETERAMPILAN MANAJERIAL DAN KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH SEKOLAH TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA GURU SMP SWASTA SE-KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Henderina Henderina , Ernamaiyanti Ernamaiyanti
Published: May 2020

The principal is required to have inner skills. That ability will determine whether or not education succeeds on going learning at school. In addition, the principal should also pay attention to the work satisfaction of teachers in the work environment. The purpose of this research is to know 1) to know the influence of managerial skill to job satisfaction of Private Junior High School teachers in Pekanbaru City, 2) to know the influence of leadership capability of headmaster to job satisfaction of junior high school teacher of Pekanbaru City, 3) to know the effect of managerial training and leadership of the principal together towards the job satisfaction of Private Junior High School teachers in Pekanbaru City. This research is a quantitative research with the determination of respondents apply Solvin formula as many as 93 respondents with subject of Private Junior High School as Pekanbaru City. Data type is primary data and secondary data. Data processing methods with editing, coding, scoring process. Data were analyzed by multiple linear regression. The findings of this study include 1) positive managerial skills to teacher work satisfaction of 0.232 or equivalent to 23.2%; 2) leadership ability of headmaster positively influence to job satisfaction of teacher equal to 0,342 or equal to 34,2%; 3) managerial and leadership skills of principals together have a significant positive effect on the dependent variable of job satisfaction of teachers in private Junior High School Pekanbaru.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR KIMIA MELALUI MODEL PENDEKATAN IBL (INQUIRI BASED LEARNING) PADA SISWA KELAS XI BUSANA SMK NEGERI 3 PEKANBARU
Authors: Purnamawati Purnamawati
Published: May 2020

This research is entitled "Efforts to Improve Chemistry Learning Outcomes through an Inquiry Based-Learning IBL Model for Class XI Students in SMK Negeri 3 Pekanbaru". This research is to help students actively find ways to solve quickly and precisely because students experience difficulties in completing chemistry lessons. The purpose of this research is to increase students' motivation in chemistry learning with the Inquiry Based Learning approach. Researchers tried to use the Inquiry Based-Learning approach, through a cycle model class action research that included planning, action, observation, and reflection. The research subjects were students of class XI Clothing at SMK Negeri 3 Pekanbaru as many as 30 students. There are 2 cycles of student motivation learning process, namely: Colloidal Cycle I, Colloidal Cycle II system. Each cycle consists of several stages of meeting. The results obtained from this study show that students' activities in the learning process can be better seen from the comparison of results in the initial observation, only 40% of students who understand and the results are good, in the first cycle increased to 67%, and the second cycle increased to 97%. Attention of students during learning increases. From the above explanation it can be concluded that by using the IBL (Inquiry Based Learning) approach can increase the understanding of chemistry in colloids.
UPAYA MEMAKSIMALKAN HASIL BELAJAR BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA MELALUI PENERAPAN MOTIVASI, DENGAN METODE BERMAIN PERAN DAN SOSIO DRAMA SISWA KELAS XII IPS 1 DI SMA NEGERI 2 BANGKO
Authors: Angriani Rina
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study is to improve learning outcomes in Indonesian subjects on the component of the ability of literary aspects of speaking, basic competence to express the dialogue of the characters in the play, knowing the effectiveness of the application of motivation, role playing methods, and socio drama, in improving learning outcomes subjects Bahasa Indonesia , the component of the ability of bersasra, the aspect of basic competence to express the dialogue of the character's role in the drama performance, to know the influence of the application of motivation, the role playing method and the socio-drama, express the dialogue of the characters in the staging of the drama of the class XII IPS1 SMA Negeri 2 Bangko to improve the learning result of the eye Bahasa Indonesia component of literary ability, basic competence speaking aspect expressed the dialogue of the characters in the drama performance. This study uses a classroom action research design (PTK). The subjects of the study were students of SMA Negeri 2 Bangko Kabupaten Rokan Hilir The research procedure used Kemmis and Taggart model, consisting of planning, action and observation, and reflection. Technique of data taker through learning result data, learning data. The data that have been obtained are grouped, analyzed by using analysis of minimum learning mastery criteria. The research results: 1) The application of motivational approach, with role playing method and socio drama can maximize or improve learning outcomes, Indonesian subjects, component of literary ability of speaking aspect expressing dialogue of the characters in drama 2) Implementation of motivational approach, by role playing method and socio can cause a sense of appreciation of the art of staging drama in the learning of Indonesian subjects, the component of the ability of literary aspects of speaking basic competence to express the dialogue of the characters in staging drama. 3) The application of motivational approach, by role playing method and socio drama can improve cooperation and mutual respect among students in learning Indonesian subjects, component of literary ability of speaking aspect of basic competence expressing dialogue of the characters in staging drama.
PENERAPAN METODE DISKUSI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KOGNITIF SISWA KELAS VII SMPN 7 KUNTODARUSALAM
Authors: Suryanti Suryanti
Published: May 2020

This study aims to determine the application of discussion methods to improve cognitive grade VII students SPMN 7 Kuntodalamalam, Research data retrieval carried out from January to February 2017 in Class VII 7 Kuntodarussalam Middle School Academic Year 2017/2018. The research subjects were 32 students consisting of 10 female students and 22 male students. Data collection includes: the value of discussion, Quiz, PR and Block Exams. Using descriptive analysis. The results obtained from 6 indicators in the discussion process in cycle I and sikulus II were highest in indicator 1 (attention to discussion material) with an average of 97.97% in very good category. in the first cycle of indicator 5 (Respecting the suggestions and opinions of fellow discussion participants) with an average of 61.09% (category is very lacking), in the second cycle the lowest was on indicator 6 (Concluding material) with an average of 64.13% ( category is very lacking). The average value of the discussion of meeting students from the first cycle and the second cycle the lowest value at the first meeting with a value of 76.35 (lack of category) and a value of 82.06 (sufficient category), the highest in the second cycle of meeting 2 with a value of 79.53 (sufficient category), while in the second cycle the highest at meeting III with a value of 82.06 (sufficient category). the average quiz score in the first cycle and the second cycle the lowest Quiz 3 with a value of 80.8 (sufficient category), the highest on quiz 6 with a value of 84.4 (good category). the value of homework assignments for students is the lowest in the first cycle with a value of 88.7 and the second cycle the value of 91.3 is very good. Nilau UB obtained from the first cycle is the lowest with the highest value of 81.9 and Cycle II with a value of 84.2 with a good category. It can be concluded that the application of the discussion method can improve the cognitive grade VII of Kuntodarusalam 7th Middle School.Keywords: metode diskusi,kognitif
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE JIGSAW IV UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PKN SISWA KELAS X IPA.4 SMA NEGERI 9 PEKANBARU
Authors: Hamsi Suhada
Published: May 2020

This study aims to determine the application of the Jigsaw IV learning model can improve PKn learning outcomes of students of class X IPA.4 Pekanbaru 9 High School. As the subjects in this study were class X IPA.4 Pekanbaru 9 High School 2017/2018 Academic Year which amounted to 38 students. The measured variable is the Jigsaw IV learning model can improve PKn learning outcomes, student learning outcomes obtained through observation sheets of teacher activity, observation of student activities and student learning outcomes. Based on the results of research that has been done, it was found an increase in PKn learning outcomes of students from the learning outcomes obtained by students, using the application of the Jigsaw IV learning model can improve PKn learning outcomes, which carried out 2 cycles, in the first cycle in the application of Students' Jigsaw IV learning model the target is 29 students or 76%, while in cycle 2 there is an increase of 32 students or 84% stated to meet the KKM standard, only 16% are declared incomplete or as many as 6 people. The application of IV jigsaw learning model can improve student learning outcomes.Keywords: Learning Model, Cooperative, Jigsaw IV Type, and Learning Outcomes.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERY LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR EKONOMI SISWA KELAS XII IPA 2 SMA NEGERI 8 PEKANBARU TP. 2016 / 2017
Authors: Darmina Darmina
Published: May 2020

This research is motivated by a lack of students 'ability to master the concepts in Economics subjects, this is indicated by many students who score below the determined KKM, namely 76. The students' ability to master the concept is low because the ongoing learning process is teacher-centered where learning is only emphasize students to memorize material only, so as not to provide opportunities for students to construct their own knowledge through their learning experiences. This study tries to apply the discovery learning model. The purpose of this study is to improve student learning outcomes through the application of Discovery Learning Learning models in Economic subjects in class XII IPA-2 Pekanbaru 8 High School. The method used in this study is the class action research method (CAR). Where in this study there are three variables, namely input variables, process variables, and output variables. The research procedure consists of the planning stage, the implementation phase of the action, the observation and evaluation stage, and the analysis and reflection stages. Data collection techniques in this study were taken by using student activity observation sheets and teacher activity observation sheets, as well as evaluating the material taught in each cycle. The subjects in this study were students of class XII IPA-2 Pekanbaru 8 High School, amounting to 35 people and this study was devoted to Economics subjects. Based on the results of this study indicate that the improvement of the learning process and student learning activities that have an impact on student learning outcomes can be shown in the first cycle of student learning outcomes, from the results of analysis used, students who complete the economic learning process in Kejra Paper and Adjustment Journal material, from 35 students were subjected to action, 26 students completed learning with a percentage of 74.28% and students who received an unfavorable category were 9 students with a percentage of 25.71%, of the 9 students 6 students who were in the very good category 17,14 %, whereas in cycle II where 35 students were subjected to action, 34 of them were in very good category, had reached completeness namely 97.14% while those that were still not completed were only 1 student, which was 2.86%. Thus the hypothesis that reads If applied to the Learning Learning Model Learning in Economic subjects in class XII IPA-2 Pekanbaru 8 High School, will increase and be accepted.Keywords: Learning Outcomes, Discovery Learning Learning Models in Economics subjects
Effectiveness Of Law Enforcement Case By The Cartel Commission Honda And Yamaha Based On Justice Pancasila
Authors: Handayani Otih , S. Ndolu Juliana , Pamungkas Achmad Jumeri , Napitupulu Douglas
Published: May 2020

This research aims to reconstruct the effectiveness of law enforcement by the Commission in a cartel case Honda and Yamaha justice based on Pancasila. The first reaserch discuss about the effectiveness of the Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU) in law enforcement justice cartel cases Pancasila. Both reconstruct the article in Law No. 5 of 1999 concerning Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Competition for law enforcement effectiveness. This research is a doctrinal approach of legislation and research . Study shows the first enforcement by the Commission is not operating effectively. The imposition of administrative sanctions from the Commission do not have permanent legal force, where they opened a space for parties reported to object to the level of the Supreme Court (MA). The process to obtain permanent legal force very long whereas 73% of MA won the Commission's decision. Both to achieve effective enforcement, it is necessary to expand the authority of the Commission, which sanctions the administration carried out by the Commission are final or not opened space object. Agae ensure the Commission's decision is fair, then there needs to be a power-sharing within the Commission to establish the field of internal controls.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Merek Yang Terdaftar
Authors: Arifin Zaenal , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menganalisa bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap merek yang terdaftar dan mengapa perlindungan terhadap merek yang terdaftar dapat berakhir.  Merek bagi produsen merupakan citra sekaligus nama baik bagi perusahaan, selain itu juga merupakan bagian dari stategi bisnis. Tidak ada seorang produsen yang tidak menggunakan merek sebagai identitas atas barang yang diproduksinya atau jasa yang diberikan. Identitas yang diwujudkan dalam merek tersebut merupakan pengenal dan sekaligus pembeda antara merek suatu perusahaan tertentu dengan merek perusahaan yang lainnya. Hal ini yang menjadikan sebab mengapa sering terjadi sengketa terhadap merek. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif. Temuan dari hasil penelitian ini bahwa terdaftarnya merek dapat berakhir karena berakhirnya masa berlakunya merek, penghapusan merek karena permintaan sendiri dari pemilik merek, penghapusan merek terdaftar atas prakarsa dari Menteri setelah mendapatkan rekomendasi dari Komisi Banding Merek, dan penghapusan merek karena adanya gugatan dari pihak ketiga. Adanya perlindungan merek dimulai dari pendaftaran merek, perlindungan merek selama masa jangka waktu terdaftarnya merek selama 10 (sepuluh ) tahun dan dapat diperpanjang dengan jangka waktu yang sama, adanya penindakan baik gugatan secara perdata, penuntutan secara pidana maupun langkah administratif berupa penolakan pendaftaran merek dan penghapusan merek.
Assistencialismo, higienismo e educação civilizatória na história do Instituto de Protecção e Assistência à Infância (Bahia, 1903 a 1920)
Authors: Almeida Cíntia Borges de
Published: May 2020

Analisar e perceber representações de formação social nas narrativas presentes nos projetos de fundação e organização de instituições de assistência e proteção à infância da Bahia, debates publicados em notícias de jornais e revistas nas primeiras décadas da República consiste no objetivo deste estudo. Sua relevância para a historiografia da educação ancora-se na reflexão de que o debruçamento sobre o estudo proposto, observando as políticas de assistência, de saúde, de educação e a implementação das mesmas, sugere uma investigação sobre a participação de forças educativas públicas e privadas na configuração da organização da sociedade. O diálogo estabelecido com Gondra e Schueler (2008), Camara (2010), Pasche (2014), Gil (2016), entre outros, permite pensar que a organização da forma escolar moderna constituiu-se por intermediações de forças distintas, com representações do que se configuraria uma educação idealizada. Assim, justifica-se a pesquisa sobre as instituições de amparo às crianças pobres e desvalidas, com destaque para a experiência do Instituto de Protecção e Assistência á Infância – IPAI, na Bahia. A operação metodológica se apoia em discursos jornalísticos publicados em impressos que disseminaram as atividades e apontaram direcionamentos sobre os interesses do IPAI – BA, entre os anos de 1903 a 1920. Destacam-se: Correio do Brasil, Revista do Brasil, Jornal Bahia Illustrada, A Notícia, Gazeta Médica da Bahia, Almanak Laemmert, fontes significativas para compreender a participação de outras instâncias no processo de expansão da instrução, reconhecendo, assim, sujeitos e seus interesses no projeto de formação da sociedade baiana.
Expediente
Authors: Gonzaga do Monti Ednardo Monteiro , Lima da Silva Alexandra
Published: May 2020

Este primeiro número referente ao segundo ano de existência da Revista Caminhos da Educação nasceu num momento excepcional. Todas as pessoas que respiram foram impactadas pela pandemia do novo Coronavírus. Parte deste trabalho foi  realizado por pessoas que viviam uma inédita situação de quarentena. Agradecemos as autoras e autores que tornaram esse primeiro número de 2020 possível, com especial atenção a professora Cíntia Borges de Almeida, organizadora do dossiê Representações de infância: discursos, narrativas e experiências educacionais, o qual traz oito artigos sobre a temática.

Além dos 8 artigos do dossiê temático, este número traz na seção Fluxo Contínio o artigo Significações de coordenadores pedagógicos acerca da formação contínua de professores: análise a partir da Psicologia Sócio-Histórica, de autoria de Cristiane de Sousa Moura Teixeira; e uma entrevista exclusiva com o professor doutor Elizeu Clementino de Souza.

Longe das escolas, distantes dos pátios, sem recreio e sem a socialização com outras crianças, a quarentena também impactou os modos de ser criança no século XXI. Como será o amanhã? A única certeza que temos é que nada será como antes.
A criança e o menor: a escolarização das crianças sob tutela do Estado, em Juiz de Fora/MG(1888-1916)
Authors: Rezende Oliveira Paloma
Published: May 2020

O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar como se deu o processo de escolarização das crianças sob tutela do Estado, no contexto de Juiz de Fora/MG (1888 -1916). As relações estabelecidas entre os atores da época, bem como a materialização de suas ações, indicaram distintas concepções de infância e diferentes formas de escolarização naquele contexto. A partir da análise das fontes levantadas no Arquivo Municipal de Juiz de Fora, os casos de tutela e curatela do período de (1888-1896), foi possível constatar que havia ainda uma distinção em relação ao tipo de educação oferecida às crianças órfãs, conforme sua origem social. Buscou-se, então, mapear as práticas e os discursos presentes nos documentos para, a partir daí, estabelecer relações entre o contexto local e aspectos do contexto mais amplo, o qual tinha a civilização da sociedade e, em especial, das crianças, por meio da escolarização, como um projeto da modernidade (BOTO, 2003; GREIVE, 2019; FARIA FILHO, 2000). A análise dos discursos normativos e das práticas educacionais tomou como base os debates teóricos e metodológicos acerca da cultura e da forma escolar (FELGUEIRAS, 2010; VIDAL, 2010; VINCENT, 1994; JULIA, 2001 e CHARTIER, 2009), indicando modelos de educação distintos para as crianças órfãs, conforme sua classe social, bem como apontamentos sobre seu cotidiano.
Impact of International Trade and Trade Duties on Current Account Balance of the Balance of Payment: A study of N-11 Countries
Authors: Furqan Ahmed  , Lubna Khan  , Farooq Fatima , Tahir Suleman
Published: May 2020

This study is aimed to investigate the impact of international trade and trade duties upon the current account balance of the balance of payment of N-11 countries. Two constituents of each factor have been considered for the purpose of analysis. For International trade, import (IMPT) and export (EXPT) of goods and services have been considered whereas, for trade duties, taxes on international trade (TOIT) and customs and other import duties (CID) have been taken as the research variables whereas, current account balance (CAB) has been taken as the dependent variable. For the purpose of analysis panel data of N-11 countries for 27 years from 1990 to 2016 has been tested using different econometric technique such as Panel unit root test, Panel co-integration test, Hausman test, Panel regression analysis and Panel causality analysis. The results demonstrate that overall research variables are co-integrated and having long term relationship and affecting each other in the conventional manner. Notably, it is observed via results that in case of N-11 countries the CAB itself is the regulating factor and all other factors are adjusted according to the movement of CAB. The study provides recommendations for the rectification of current account deficit position and also provides scope for future research as well.
Capital Structure Theories and Speed of Capital Adjustment towards Target Capital Structure along Life Cycle Stages of Asian Manufacturing Firms
Authors: Muhammad Sajid Amin  , Hashim Khan  , Imran Abbas Jaddon  , Muhammad Tahir
Published: May 2020

Purpose: Firms have different costs and benefits and asymmetric information across their life cycle stages and hence each stage has different financial pattern and speed of adjustment towards target capital.

Methodology: We use System GMM to test the hypotheses. We use market leverages proxies for the capital structure, life cycle proxies: introduction, growth, mature, shakeout and decline and the control determinants of capital structure such as profitability, tangibility, firm size and growth opportunities. We estimate the financial pattern and speed of adjustment along life cycle stages of manufacturing firms from eleven Asian economies over the period of 2010-2018.

Findings: The results show that firms in earlier stages have more long term debt than mature stage. The speed of adjustment towards target capital structure is highest in mature stage than the other stages. The control determinants significantly affect market leverages.

Implications: The findings suggest that management has to consider life cycle stages of their firms in order to adjust capital structure. Stockholders should consider stage of firm with relation to profitability and capital structure for long term prospects.
The Flow - Performance Relationship: Evidence from Pakistani Mutual Funds
Authors: Saleh Nawaz khan  , Amna Noor
Published: May 2020

we use the novel sample of Pakistani mutual funds to examine the flow performance relationship.  We apply linear regression model with fixed effect on unbalanced panel data for the period of 2012 to 2018. Consistence with the existence literature  using sample of US and other developed countries ,we find positive flow- performance relationship , but the prior performance do not have larger impact on subsequent fund flows.  Our results also exhibit that the shape of the relationship is not linear; it’s convex like other developed countries. In other words, the past high performing funds attracts larger inflow in the next periods whereas the past low performing fund suffer from minimal out flow in the next period.
Testing the Validity of Purchasing Power Parity Theory and Dynamics of Exchange Rate Behavior (Pakistan, China, Iran and Turkey)
Authors: Rana Shahid Imdad Akash  , Muhammad Mudasar Ghafoor  , Navid Ahmed
Published: May 2020

Purpose: This study is aimed at to observe the purchasing power parity (PPP) Theory. The purchasing power parity (PPP) is the most enduring debate of literature in international macroeconomics. It is most controversial due to various puzzles and tested with different econometric models for certain group of countries. Therefore, the PPP is valid assumption while international comparison due to use of common exchange rate and the prevalence of Law of One price.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The validity of PPP for relative countries (Pakistan, China, Iran and Turkey) was tested and analyzed for the sample period 2001 to 2018.

Findings: It is observed that exchange rates of Pakistan, China, Iran and Turkey are not consistent and constant. The deviations of PPP through structural changes identified and are not persistence over long period. Overall results reflected that there is an existence of long run equilibrium relation in between Pakistan and China as well as in between Iran and Turkey. The error correction model has confirmed the adjustment speed of short run disequilibrium to long term disequilibrium level.  Implications/Originality/Value: The expected differential level of inflation has significant positive impact to exchange rate shift to Pakistan and trading activity patterns. The changes in foreign exchange market and commodity market due to economic integration are important implications for   economic globalization.
Corporate Governance and Return on Equity Evidence from Pakistan Stock Exchange
Authors: Wahid Raza  , Kauser Hayat  , Naveed Farooq  , Hazrat Bilal
Published: May 2020

The main purpose of this paper is to study whether corporate governance aspects like board size, audit committee and board composition affect the return on equity (performance) of companies listed on Pakistan Stock Exchange. The data were gathered by purposive sampling techniques from the Balance Sheet Analysis report available on the State Bank of Pakistan website and relevant companies’ websites. A regression model was incorporated to measure the available data for a sample of 50 firms, with a total of 150 years of observations for a period of 2013 -2015. The empirical results indicate that board size, audit committee and board composition are positively associated to return on equity. The result of this study suggests that each organization needs to develop good corporate practices to significantly improve the shareholder wealth in the form of return on equity.  The selected sample is taken from non-financial firms with a small sample size, therefore, in future for more generalizability of the results a study may be undertaken to consider financial and non- financial firms with a large sample size.
Knowledge Sharing Culture Influences on Organizational Commitment: The Mediating Role of Pay Satisfaction
Authors: Naveed Farooq  , Kauser Hayat  , Hazrat Bilal  , Wahid Raza
Published: May 2020

Public sector universities are preliminary knowledge intensive and to stunt their information effective knowledge sharing among faculty is required. We focus on the faculty of public sector universities that share or limit knowledge sharing. Determining which factors promote, influence or impede sharing of knowledge in institutions constitute important avenues for exploration. This paper has focused on three such influences; “knowledge sharing” “organizational commitment” and “pay satisfaction”. In this regard, a conceptual model is developed in which pay satisfaction serves as mediator between knowledge sharing (KS) and organizational commitment (OC) among faculty members. Data determining the above mentioned variables is collected from 309 faculty members through standardized questionnaires. Data analysis reveals that KS has positive impact on OC and on Pay Satisfaction (PS). Furthermore, pay satisfaction mediates the relationship between KS and OC. This study recommends a KS culture and pay satisfaction of faculty to maintain and enhance level of commitment among faculty. As KS enable better and faster decision making, reduces the loss of know-how, enhances level of commitment and stimulate innovation and growth.
Hospital Service Quality and Patient Satisfaction: A Moderating Role of Trustworthiness
Authors: Tariq Rafi  , Muhammad Khalique  , Siddiqui Sulaman Hafeez
Published: May 2020

The aim of the present study is to determine the effects of hospital service qualities on patient satisfaction in the healthcare sector of Pakistan. By using the non-probability sampling, 292 sample was gathered. Emotional exhaustion, organizational citizenship behavior, hospital and nurses facilities were used as predictors and trustworthiness was used as a moderator. The results from structural equation modeling revealed that hospital facilities quality and OCB have been found positively significant while nursing service quality and emotional exhaustion have been found insignificant in relation with patient satisfaction. Moreover, trustworthiness does not moderates any relationship in the structural model. The study concluded that the staff allocated is manifesting form of behavioral citizenship structured by cultural decorum and locally acceptable norms. Alongside citizenship, high quality miscellaneous supportive provisions comprising of sufficient backup equipment, medical apparatus and tools as well as the regular maintenance of utilities stand as considerable satisfaction determining aspects for patients. The cognitive dimensions in the form of trust structuring attributes don’t really add much to the contributions of facilities and citizenship found in hospitals.
What motivates and deters the ‘crowd’ in crowdfunding in Malaysia?
Authors: Shaista Wasiuzzaman  , Hemalatha A/P Pannir Chelvam
Published: May 2020

Objective: This study intends to theorize about how values and the perception of risk of the supporters of a crowdfunding project affect the success of the project.

Methodology: A review of prior literature is carried out to identify the different dimensions of the decision making process.

Implication: This research presents a conceptual framework to describe the influence of perceived values and risk on the success of crowdfunding in Malaysia. The crowdfunding phenomenon is relatively new in Malaysia and there is a lack of knowledge about the decision making of the ‘crowd’.  The success and sustainability of the crowdfunding phenomenon depends on the supporters of the funds.
Prevalence and Prevention Strategies of Violence in Special Schools: A Quantitative Survey
Authors: Rukhsana Bashir  , Ghulam Fatima  , Samina Ashraf
Published: May 2020

This study was carried out to identify the opinions of students with hearing impairment and their teachers about prevalence of violence in special schools. This research was quantitative in nature and descriptive research method was used to conduct the study. The population of the study comprised students with hearing impairment (SWHI) and their teachers working in public sector schools. Researchers selected 60 students with hearing impairment studying at elementary level (males= 23, females= 37). A sample of 100 teachers were also taken from schools working in Lahore. On the basis of literature review, two structured questionnaires with close ended options were developed. The estimated reliability of teachers’ questionnaire was Cronbach alpha 0.82 and of students’ questionnaire (Cronbach alpha 0.85). Researchers personally visited schools to collect data from students whereas data from teachers were collected through telephone and email. Frequency percentages, mean and standard deviation were used for data analysis. The results of the study indicated that most of students with hearing impairment used to experience non- verbal violence and feel scary before and after school time. Teachers reported that students used to threaten one another, damage school property or personal items. They used abusive language. Schools had taken many initiatives to create healthy and safe environment i.e, appointing security guards to control access to school buildings, increasing monitoring by applying rules and regulations and involving students in conflict resolving activities. However, training teachers, counselling, student tutoring and mentoring are required for healthy school environment.
A Political Discourse Analysis of the Speeches of President Obama and Prime Minister Gillani
Authors: Tazanfal Tehseem  , Sarwat Jabeen  , Samia Naz
Published: May 2020

This paper examines the discourse of the two political speeches made by the Pakistan Premier Syed Yousuf Raza Gilani and the US President Barack Obama after the elimination of Osama Bin Laden on May 3, 2011. The objective of this analysis is to discover and explicate how ideology is established and unveiled by the use of language. For the stated purpose, the framework of this study draws on Halliday’s model of transitivity (Halliday and Matthiessen, 2004) through which we aim to investigate the transitivity choices employed by the individual speakers, the participant roles (Hasan, 1985) assigned to the enemy and the pronoun choices (Butt et. al., 2004) made by the two speakers in order to reveal a particular socio-political stance disseminated through the two speeches in two cultures: of the USA and Pakistan. The findings indicate that linguistic choices in transitivity play a fundamental role in conveying of implicit and dominant ideologies.
Formulação de problemas por meio de práticas de leitura e de escrita
Authors: Krein Muller Ana Paula , Neumann Martins Silvana , Dullius Maria Madalena
Published: May 2020

Neste artigo apresentam-se resultados de uma investigação que buscou averiguar a influência de práticas de leitura e de escrita como facilitadoras nos processos de compreensão, interpretação e resolução de problemas matemáticos. Especificamente, estão sendo discutidas atividades que envolvem formulação de enunciados de problemas matemáticos. As atividades foram desenvolvidas com uma turma de 8º ano do Ensino Fundamental, tendo, como fundamentos teóricos, Dante (2009) que explicita que o uso da formulação e resolução de problemas matemáticos possibilita vários aspectos positivos no ensino de Matemática, Chica (2001) que destacam a importância de incentivar o trabalho com elaboração de enunciados. No desenvolvimento das atividades, foram exploradas diferentes formas de aproximar e abordar a escrita na formulação de questões, enunciados de problemas, e buscou-se discutir com os alunos as atividades elaboradas. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizados foram o diário de campo da pesquisadora e caderno individual dos alunos. Destaca-se a dificuldade enfrentada pelos alunos nas primeiras atividades de formulação de problemas matemáticos, porém percebeu-se um acentuado crescimento neste aspecto no decorrer do desenvolvimento das práticas. Inicialmente, os alunos não conseguiam organizar suas ideias no caderno para concluir as propostas, mas à medida que as atividades foram desenvolvidas, ocorreu uma sensível melhora.
Dinâmica ‘que dilatação sou eu?’, um recurso didático para o ensino de Física
Authors: Santos Bianca Martins , Oliveira Victoria Cristina Morais , De Amorim Aline Mariane Alves , Dos Reis Josilany Santos
Published: May 2020

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo propor como metodologia para o ensino de física, especificamente no conteúdo de calor, a utilização da dinâmica “Que dilatação sou eu?” como recurso didático. Resultados para aplicação da metodologia proposta são apresentados. A atividade foi desenvolvida na escola pública Dr. Santiago Dantas, localizada em Rio Branco-AC, com alunos do 3º ano do Ensino Médio, como parte integradora do projeto de extensão “Ciência na escola: Experimentação e Teoria”, que reúne durante uma semana no período do contraturno, aulas diferenciadas sobre física, química e biologia, desenvolvida por graduandos de Licenciatura das respectivas áreas. Esta ação representa uma das frentes de trabalho desenvolvida por bolsista de física do Programa Institucional de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID/Física) da Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC). Os resultados mostram que os estudantes durante a aula e sobretudo na dinâmica, aprimoram o raciocínio lógico e o trabalho em equipe, além de reconhecerem que a física torna-se mais atrativa com tais ações. Verificou-se ainda que o uso do recurso proposto representa uma nova estratégia de ensino com grande aceitação e participação ativa por parte dos alunos.
Análise da percepção ambiental e sua contribuição para preservação dos manguezais
Authors: Dos Santos Aldeci
Published: May 2020

Para que seja possível uma mudança de pensamentos e atitudes da sociedade em relação ao seu meio natural, faz-se necessário buscar alternativas que contemplem tal transformação, objetivando fazer um resgate das relações de afetividade do homem com a natureza. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho é investigar os saberes prévios dos alunos de uma escola do municipio de Sergipe, afim de contribuir para a conservação ambiental dos manguezais. Foi solicitado aos alunos do 6º ano ,na disciplina de Ciências ,que representassem o manguezal através de desenhos e redações, no intuito de avaliar o nível de percepção ambiental e de que maneira o ecossistema em questão é visto por esses discentes. A análise foi feita através de categorização temática, permitindo a sistematização e interpretação das informações contidas nos desenhos e redações sobre os temas mais citados pelos alunos. Constatou-se que a paisagem afeta o indivíduo e vice-versa, através de diversidades de interpretações positivas e negativas, com algumas visões distorcidas e depreciativas quanto ao ecossistema manguezal. Os resultados revelam a necessidade de se fazer uma abordagem mais integradora e sistêmica dos assuntos discutidos em sala de aula, revelando a urgência de rever os métodos e práticas empregados durante o processo de ensino.
Análise textual discursiva em pesquisas no ensino de ciências e matemática: caminhos distintos e possíveis no processo de execução
Authors: Copetti Camila , Salomão de Freitas Diana Paula , Amorim de Souza Sandro , Scotti do Canto-Dorow Thais
Published: May 2020

Este artigo fornece uma visão acerca da Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD), como estratégia para interpretação de dados em pesquisas qualitativas, mas, sobretudo, apresenta processos distintos de execução dessa metodologia, os quais foram aplicados em duas pesquisas realizadas no Programa de Pós-graduação em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática, da Universidade Franciscana. Enquanto uma, pela necessidade pessoal do pesquisador, de trabalhar com o concreto, utilizou-se de papel, tesoura e clips, a outra, com base na lógica e objetividade matemática, fez todo o trabalho de forma virtual, fazendo uso de ferramentas disponibilizadas no conjunto de aplicativos do Office. Mesmo sendo dois caminhos de execução distintos, a teoria proposta por Moraes e Galiazzi foi seguida fielmente, o que reforça a possibilidade de diferentes interpretações para execução dos passos necessários para contemplar a teoria da ATD.
Jogos cooperativos e argumentação: potencialidades para a promoção do pensamento crítico e reflexivo no ensino de Matemática
Authors: Lopes Carlos Antonio da Silva , Rodrigues Kátia Calligaris , De Chiaro Ribeiro Rodrigues Sylvia Regina
Published: May 2020

O presente artigo tem como principal objetivo discutir as potencialidades de jogos em uma perspectiva cooperativa para a promoção de processos argumentativos em sala de aula, isto pensado com o intuito de propiciar o desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico e reflexivo no ensino de Matemática. Para tanto, se optou por uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico para levantamento e sistematização dos conceitos acerca dos temas envolvidos na pesquisa a fim de descrever essas potencialidades educativas, e, concomitantemente, realizamos análises dos documentos curriculares oficiais (Nacionais e regionais) visando identificar o que propõem os mesmos no que concerne ao ensino da Matemática. Descrevemos que, em todos os documentos analisados, a cooperação e o pensamento crítico são propostas para o trabalho em sala de aula, e, em seguida, justificamos as correlações das possíveis potencialidades dos Jogos Cooperativos (JC) para promover os processos argumentativos de acordo com os autores pesquisados. Concluímos que o professor, por meio de ações discursivas específicas, convicto da potencialidade da Argumentação e utilizando um jogo na perspectiva cooperativa, possibilitará aos alunos tornarem-se indivíduos críticos e reflexivos.
Aquecedor solar de baixo custo: uma ferramenta pedagógica para o ensino de conceitos termodinâmicos e a conscientização socioambiental
Authors: Pereira Isaac Max , De Oliveira Júnior José Geraldo , Munhoz Pablo Parmezani , Gomes Alessandro Damásio Trani , Coelho Fernando Otávio
Published: May 2020

A importância de projetos de ensino com temáticas que promovam o desenvolvimento do aluno como cidadão consciente, atuante na sociedade e preocupado com o meio ambiente em que vive, é cada vez mais ressaltada por educadores e pesquisadores na área de ensino de Física. Nesse contexto, o subprojeto de Física do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID/CAPES) da [nome da IES suprimido] apresenta os resultados da execução de uma proposta para o ensino de termodinâmica, abordando o funcionamento de um aquecedor solar e os benefícios socioambientais da utilização desse equipamento. Utilizando um modelo de aquecedor de baixo custo, produzido a partir da reutilização de materiais descartáveis, abordam-se conceitos e processos físicos. Um mesmo questionário foi aplicado antes e após duas semanas da atividade. Os resultados foram comparados por meio de testes estatísticos, apontando para uma diferença estatisticamente significativa das médias do pré e do pós-teste. São discutidas as potencialidades e limitações das atividades desenvolvidas, bem como suas implicações para o ensino de Física.
Compreensões de professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental sobre cts e suas interações a partir do questionário VOSTS
Authors: Lopes Werner Zacarias , Jesus Rhenan Ferraz de , Garcia Rosane Nunes
Published: May 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar o entendimento de professores dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental na rede municipal de Alegrete/RS acerca dos conceitos entre Ciência, Tecnologia, Sociedade (CTS) e suas interações. Para a coleta de dados, foi aplicada uma versão abreviada e adaptada do questionário VOSTS (Views on Science-Technology-Society) em um grupo de 21 professores. Os resultados encontrados apontam que os professores têm uma boa percepção sobre a importância do tema na educação científica. A maioria das questões perguntadas remetiam-se às concepções Aceitável e Realista. Considerando o conhecimento dos professores sobre o assunto, as suas compreensões acerca dos conceitos de CT e suas interações podem refletir nas práticas escolares em relação ao Ensino de Ciências. Como perspectiva futura, torna-se uma importante estratégia a oferta de uma formação continuada aos professores no contexto investigado no intuito de qualificar as práticas que têm sido desenvolvidas desde os primeiros anos escolares em relação ao Ensino de Ciências.