bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Topology Discovery Protocol with Node ID Assignment Based on Layered Model for Underwater Acoustic Networks
Authors: Zhao Ruiqin , Liu Yuan , Dobre Octavia A. , Wang Haiyan , Shen Xiaohong
Published: November 2020

Underwater acoustic networks are widely used in survey missions and environmental monitoring. When an underwater acoustic network (UAN) is deployed in a marine region or two UANs merge, each node hardly knows the entire network and may not have a unique node ID. Therefore, a network topology discovery protocol that can complete node discovery, link discovery, and node ID assignment are necessary and important. Considering the limited node energy and long propagation delay in UANs, it is challenging to obtain the network topology with reduced overheads and a short delay in this initial network state. In this paper, an efficient topology discovery protocol (ETDP) is proposed to achieve adaptive node ID assignment and topology discovery simultaneously. To avoiding packet collision in this initial network state, ETDP controls the transmission of topology discovery (TD) packets, based on a local timer, and divides the network into different layers to make nodes transmit TD packets orderly. Exploiting the received TD packets, each node could obtain the network topology and assign its node ID independently. Simulation results show that ETDP completes network topology discovery for all nodes in the network with significantly reduced energy consumption and short delay; meanwhile, it assigns the shortest unique IDs to all nodes with reduced overheads.
Adaptive Quasi-Unsupervised Detection of Smoke Plume by LiDAR
Authors: Rossi Riccardo , Gelfusa Michela , Malizia Andrea , Gaudio Pasqualino
Published: November 2020

The early detection of fire is one of the possible applications of LiDAR techniques. The smoke generated by a fire is mainly compounded of CO2, H2O, particulate, and other combustion products, which involve the local variation of the scattering of the electromagnetic wave at specific wavelengths. The increases of the backscattering coefficient are transduced in peaks on the signal of the backscattering power recorded by the LiDAR system, located exactly where the smoke plume is, allowing not only the detection of a fire but also its localization. The signal processing of the LiDAR signals is critical in the determination of the performances of the fire detection. It is important that the sensitivity of the apparatus is high enough but also that the number of false alarms is small, in order to avoid the trigger of useless and expensive countermeasures. In this work, a new analysis method, based on an adaptive quasi-unsupervised approach was used to ensure that the algorithm is continuously updated to the boundary conditions of the system, such as the weather and experimental apparatus issues. The method has been tested on an experimental campaign of 227 pulses and the performances have been analyzed in terms of sensitivity and specificity.
A Novel MIMO-SAR System Based on Simultaneous Digital Beam Forming of Both Transceiver and Receiver
Authors: Zhao Yuzhen , Chen Longyong , Zhang Fubo , Li Yanlei , Wu Yirong
Published: November 2020

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) chirp waveform, which is composed of two or more successive identical linear frequency modulated sub pulses, is a newly proposed orthogonal waveform scheme for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems. However, according to the waveform model, there will be range ambiguity if the mapping width exceeds the maximum unambiguous width determined by the transmitted signal. This greatly limits its application in high-resolution wide-swath (HRWS) remote sensing. The traditional system divides the echoes by digital beam forming (DBF) to solve this problem, but the energy utilization rate is low. A MIMO-SAR system using simultaneous digital beam forming of both transceiver and receiver to avoid range ambiguity is designed in this paper. Compared with traditional system, the novel system designed in this paper obtain higher energy utilization and waveform orthogonality.
A Piezoelectric Tactile Sensor for Tissue Stiffness Detection with Arbitrary Contact Angle
Authors: Zhang Yingxuan , Ju Feng , Wei Xiaoyong , Wang Dan , Wang Yaoyao
Published: November 2020

In this paper, a piezoelectric tactile sensor for detecting tissue stiffness in robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery (RMIS) is proposed. It can detect the stiffness not only when the probe is normal to the tissue surface, but also when there is a contact angle between the probe and normal direction. It solves the problem that existing sensors can only detect in the normal direction to ensure accuracy when the degree of freedom (DOF) of surgical instruments is limited. The proposed senor can distinguish samples with different stiffness and recognize lump from normal tissue effectively when the contact angle varies within [0°, 45°]. These are achieved by establishing a new detection model and sensor optimization. It deduces the influence of contact angle on stiffness detection by sensor parameters design and optimization. The detection performance of the sensor is confirmed by simulation and experiment. Five samples with different stiffness (including lump and normal samples with close stiffness) are used. Through blind recognition test in simulation, the recognition rate is 100% when the contact angle is randomly selected within 30°, 94.1% within 45°, which is 38.7% higher than the unoptimized sensor. Through blind classification test and automatic k-means clustering in experiment, the correct rate is 92% when the contact angle is randomly selected within 45°. We can get the proposed sensor can easily recognize samples with different stiffness with high accuracy which has broad application prospects in the medical field.
The Influence and Compensation Method of Eccentricity for Cylindrical Specimens in Eddy Current Displacement Measurement
Authors: Zhan Hao , Wang Li , Wang Tingting , Yu Juntao
Published: November 2020

The eddy current displacement sensor (ECDS) is used to realize the precise detection of the rotor radial position in the magnetic suspension motor. The eccentricity between the probe axis and the measured surface normal reduces the measurement accuracy. An ECDS mathematical model is established to analyze the influence of the measured surface curvature and eccentricity on detection results. The eddy current density distribution law of the measured surface is obtained by using the finite element method (FEM). The experimental platform is set up based on the practical engineering structure, which contains two kinds structures of the single probe and the differential. The compensation method is introduced to reduce the error caused by the eccentricity. The displacement measurement error with and without compensation are tested separately. The results show that the largest full-scale error is less than 0.8% after compensation in the single probe structure, and 0.6% in the differential structure. For the engineering application, the orthogonal direction measured value is used as the eccentricity, and the compensation order of big then small is proposed. It is thus proved that the compensation method provides a guarantee for accurate feedback and control of the rotor radial position in the magnetic suspension motor system.
Strategies for Territorial Peace: The Overcoming of the Structural Violence in Women Living in Palmira, Colombia
Authors: Quiñones Karen , Cabello-Tijerina Paris A. , Vicuña de la Rosa Máximo , Londoño Wilfrido Newton Quiñones
Published: November 2020

Women experience different types of violence, and poverty is one of them. The aim of this work was to show the situation of poverty experienced by women in Palmira and how this condition affects both their participation in and contribution to the achievement of territorial peace—a central political target in our country. For this, a descriptive and predictive study was carried out by applying a survey to measure the different types of violence affecting Palmirana women. The results demonstrate the predominance of structural violence suffered by women, which creates unfavorable conditions for the construction of peace in Colombia.
Effects of Sprint Interval Training at Different Altitudes on Cycling Performance at Sea-Level
Authors: Warnier Geoffrey , Benoit Nicolas , Naslain Damien , Lambrecht Sophie , Francaux Marc , Deldicque Louise
Published: November 2020

Background: Benefits of sprint interval training performed in hypoxia (SIH) compared to normoxia (SIN) have been assessed by studies mostly conducted around 3000 m of simulated altitude. The present study aims to determine whether SIH at an altitude as high as 4000 m can elicit greater adaptations than the same training at 2000 m, 3000 m or sea-level. Methods: Thirty well-trained endurance male athletes (18–35 years old) participated in a six-week repeated sprint interval training program (30 s all-out sprint, 4 min 30 s recovery; 4–9 repetitions, 2 sessions/week) at sea-level (SL, n = 8), 2000 m (FiO2 16.7%, n = 8), 3000 m (FiO2 14.5%, n = 7) or 4000 m (FiO2 13.0%, n = 7). Aerobic and anaerobic exercise components were evaluated by an incremental exercise test, a 600 kJ time trial and a Wingate test before and after the training program. Results: After training, peak power output (PPO) during the incremental exercise test increased (~6%) without differences between groups. The lactate threshold assessed by Dmax increased at 2000 m (+14 ± 12 W) and 4000 m (+12 ± 11 W) but did not change at SL and 3000 m. Mean power during the Wingate test increased at SL, 2000 m and 4000 m, although peak power increased only at 4000 m (+38 ± 38 W). Conclusions: The present study indicates that SIH using 30 s sprints is as efficient as SIN for improving aerobic and anaerobic qualities. Additional benefits such as lactate-related adaptations were found only in SIH and Wingate peak power only increased at 4000 m. This finding is of particular interest for disciplines requiring high power output, such as in very explosive sports.
Internet Access in Rural Areas: Brake or Stimulus as Post-Covid-19 Opportunity?
Authors: Ruiz-Martínez Irune , Esparcia Javier
Published: November 2020

The lack of internet access in most rural areas has become a challenge worldwide. The Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted trends such as teleworking and e-commerce, meaning an opportunity for the local economy of these areas, but with serious difficulties in carrying it out. This paper aims to detect this lack of internet in inland areas of the region of Valencia through local actors, in order to identify clear priorities and real needs through an explorative and replicable approach based on agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC). The main findings suggest that there are different patterns in the rural internet access related to adequate infrastructure and planned actions by local councils. In this way, a multitude of contextual elements have emerged that influence the importance of efficient access to the internet in rural areas. It is essential to know the real needs and demands of the population before implementing plans and programs that may not be relevant for the actors involved in territorial development.
A Description of Green Hotel Practices and Their Role in Achieving Sustainable Development
Authors: Abdou Ahmed Hassan , Hassan Thowayeb Hassan , El Dief Mohammed Moustafa
Published: November 2020

In this study, we aim to investigate environmental management representatives’ perceptions regarding the extent of the contribution of green hotel practices to achieving the environment-related sustainable development goals (SDGs). To achieve this aim, a questionnaire was developed and directed to the person in charge of environmental duties in the investigated hotels, who were selected by a convenience sample method. A sample of 48 participants from four and five Green Star hotels, representing 63% of the total Certified Green Star hotels in Egypt, was surveyed. The findings of the study revealed that the implementation of green hotel practices in the certified four and five Green Star hotels surveyed contributed positively to achieving SDG 6, SDG 12, SDG 7 and SDG 13, respectively. The main driver of the adoption of Green Star criteria was the hotels’ commitment to environmental sustainability. The findings also indicated that, overall, there were statistically significant differences between four and five Green Star hotels in all SDGs addressed. The main implication of this study is that hotel operators should properly incorporate green hotel practices into their operational plans to achieve the environment-related SDGs.
Multidisciplinarity, Citizen Participation and Geographic Information System, Cross-Cutting Strategies for Sustainable Development in Rural Heritage. The Case Study of Valverde de Burguillos (Spain)
Authors: Rey-Pérez Julia , Domínguez-Ruiz Victoria
Published: November 2020

The pace at which cities grow and its impact on heritage management has meant that those heritage assets not linked to the traditionally monumental have been directly doomed to oblivion. The purpose of this article is to present a research methodology backed up by multidisciplinarity and stakeholders’ diversity that allows us to highlight the values and singular aspects of this rural heritage. To achieve this, a methodology was devised that is divided into three phases: mapping of human, cultural, and natural resources based on studies undertaken by the Public Sector Administration, experts, and the citizens themselves. The second phase involved the establishment of what to protect amongst all the stakeholders involved. Finally, the third stage entails integration of the information within an urban development framework. In order to work on the development of a diagnosis from three highly different approaches, Geographic Information Systems was used as information management tools, as a means of contrasting it and performing a comprehensive analysis of the same. The development of such a holistic approach provided a patrimonial map of essential resources in the municipality to be taken into account to shape sustainable development strategies inherent to a rural environment of low density. The lack of this comprehensive approach when managing rural heritage in which citizens take on centre stage in decision-making processes unearths two fundamental issues: firstly, the ascertainment of the existence of cultural heritage hitherto abandoned, alongside the need to endow urban governance powers to the public administration, as it falls to them to spearhead this shift in public management.
A SEM Approach to the Direct and Indirect Links between WaSH Services and Access to Food in Countries in Protracted Crises: The Case of Western Bahr-el-Ghazal State, South Sudan
Authors: Sassi Maria
Published: November 2020

As highlighted by the 2030 Agenda, access to food is a crucially important aspect of sustainable development. In this context, the association between WaSH services and access to food still needs to be clearly understood. This study investigates the direct and indirect impact of the WaSH environment of households on access to food, and the role of mediation variables and insecurity due to war and conflicts in South Sudan. We considered a statistically representative sample of 1382 households and used two structural equation models based on primary data. A basic model estimates association between household WaSH environment and food security directly and indirectly through the household livelihood-based coping capacity and poverty perception. Its extended version includes the indirect effect of insecurity due to war and conflicts. Results are theoretically coherent and demonstrate the relevance of the household WaSH environment for food security. The indirect effect of the absence of insecurity due to conflicts and war on food security adds to the basic model a statistically significant total indirect effect. From a policy perspective, the study suggests reinforcement of the capacity of the public sector for delivering WaSH services and the need for multi-sectoral solutions linking humanitarian, development, and peace approaches.
The Effect of Formal and Informal External Collaboration on Innovation Performance of SMEs: Evidence from China
Authors: Lu Chang , Yu Bo
Published: November 2020

External collaboration is an effective way for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to improve innovation performance and obtain sustainable competitiveness. This study focuses on the influence of external collaboration on innovation performance of SMEs. Specifically, this study classifies external collaboration into formal and informal external collaboration, and explores their different impacts on innovation performance of SMEs, respectively. Moreover, this study examines the moderating effects of managers’ entrepreneurial orientation and organizational legitimacy on the relationships between formal and informal collaboration and innovation performance of SMEs. Survey data from 213 high-tech manufacturing SMEs in China reveals that: (1) Both formal and informal external collaboration have positive effects on innovation performance of SMEs, and informal external collaboration offers greater benefits than formal external collaboration; (2) managers’ entrepreneurial orientation positively moderates the relationship between informal external collaboration and SMEs’ innovation performance; (3) organizational legitimacy positively moderates the relationships between formal and informal external collaboration and SMEs’ innovation performance. This study enriches the research on the relationship between external collaboration and innovation performance of SMEs, and advances the understanding of the contextual factors between formal and informal external collaboration-SMEs’ innovation performance relationships through elucidating the moderating role of managers’ entrepreneurial orientation and organizational legitimacy.
Development of a Larval Zebrafish Model for Acute Organophosphorus Nerve Agent and Pesticide Exposure and Therapeutic Evaluation
Authors: Koenig Jeffrey A. , Acon Chen Cindy , Shih Tsung-Ming
Published: November 2020

Organophosphorus compound exposure remains a present threat through agricultural accidents, warfare, or terrorist activity. The primary mechanism of organophosphorus toxicity is through inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, with current emergency treatment including anticholinergics, benzodiazepines, and oxime reactivators. However, a need for more effective and broadly acting countermeasures remains. This study aimed to develop larval zebrafish as a high-throughput model for evaluating novel therapeutics against acute organophosphorus exposure. Larval zebrafish at six days post-fertilization were exposed to acute concentrations of seven organophosphorus compounds and treated with one of three oximes. Lethality studies indicated similar relative toxicity to that seen in the established rodent model, with chemical warfare agents proving more lethal than organophosphorus pesticides. Additionally, the organophosphorus-specific response for oxime reactivation of acetylcholinesterase was comparable to what has been previously reported. Behavioral studies measuring the visual motor response demonstrated greater efficacy for centrally acting oxime compounds than for those that are contained to the peripheral tissue. Overall, these results support the use of this larval zebrafish model as a high-throughput screening platform for evaluating novel treatments following acute organophosphorus exposure.
Einstein’s Geometrical versus Feynman’s Quantum-Field Approaches to Gravity Physics: Testing by Modern Multimessenger Astronomy
Authors: Baryshev Yurij
Published: November 2020

Modern multimessenger astronomy delivers unique opportunity for performing crucial observations that allow for testing the physics of the gravitational interaction. These tests include detection of gravitational waves by advanced LIGO-Virgo antennas, Event Horizon Telescope observations of central relativistic compact objects (RCO) in active galactic nuclei (AGN), X-ray spectroscopic observations of Fe Kα line in AGN, Galactic X-ray sources measurement of masses and radiuses of neutron stars, quark stars, and other RCO. A very important task of observational cosmology is to perform large surveys of galactic distances independent on cosmological redshifts for testing the nature of the Hubble law and peculiar velocities. Forthcoming multimessenger astronomy, while using such facilities as advanced LIGO-Virgo, Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), ALMA, WALLABY, JWST, EUCLID, and THESEUS, can elucidate the relation between Einstein’s geometrical and Feynman’s quantum-field approaches to gravity physics and deliver a new possibilities for unification of gravitation with other fundamental quantum physical interactions.
Understanding Pediatric Norovirus Epidemiology: A Decade of Study among Ghanaian Children
Authors: Lartey Belinda L. , Quaye Osbourne , Damanka Susan A. , Agbemabiese Chantal A. , Armachie Joseph , Dennis Francis E. , Enweronu-Laryea Christabel , Armah George E.
Published: November 2020

Understanding the epidemiology of human norovirus infection in children within Ghana and the entire sub-Saharan African region, where future norovirus vaccines would have the greatest impact, is essential. We analyzed 1337 diarrheic stool samples collected from children <5 years from January 2008 to December 2017 and found 485 (36.2%) shedding the virus. GII.4 (54.1%), GII.3 (7.7%), GII.6 (5.3%), GII.17 (4.7%), and GII.5 (4.7%) were the most common norovirus genotypes. Although norovirus GII.4 remained the predominant capsid genotype throughout the study period, an increase in GII.6 and GII.3 capsid genotypes was observed in 2013 and 2014, respectively. The severity of clinical illness in children infected with GII.4 norovirus strains was similar to illness caused by non-GII.4 strains. Since the epidemiology of norovirus changes rapidly, establishment of systematic surveillance within sentinel sites across the country would enhance the monitoring of circulating norovirus strains and allow continuous understanding of norovirus infection in Ghana.
Characterization of Clinical and Carrier Streptococcus agalactiae and Prophage Contribution to the Strain Variability
Authors: Lichvariková Aneta , Soltys Katarina , Szemes Tomas , Slobodnikova Livia , Bukovska Gabriela , Turna Jan , Drahovska Hana
Published: November 2020

Streptococcus agalactiae (group B Streptococcus, GBS) represents a leading cause of invasive bacterial infections in newborns and is also responsible for diseases in older and immunocompromised adults. Prophages represent an important factor contributing to the genome plasticity and evolution of new strains. In the present study, prophage content was analyzed in human GBS isolates. Thirty-seven prophages were identified in genomes of 20 representative sequenced strains. On the basis of the sequence comparison, we divided the prophages into eight groups named A–H. This division also corresponded to the clustering of phage integrase, even though several different integration sites were observed in some relative prophages. Next, PCR method was used for detection of the prophages in 123 GBS strains from adult hospitalized patients and from pregnancy screening. At least one prophage was present in 105 isolates (85%). The highest prevalence was observed for prophage group A (71%) and satellite prophage group B (62%). Other groups were detected infrequently (1–6%). Prophage distribution did not differ between clinical and screening strains, but it was unevenly distributed in MLST (multi locus sequence typing) sequence types. High content of full-length and satellite prophages detected in present study implies that prophages could be beneficial for the host bacterium and could contribute to evolution of more adapted strains.
Target-Centered Drug Repurposing Predictions of Human Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Transmembrane Protease Serine Subtype 2 (TMPRSS2) Interacting Approved Drugs for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Treatment through a Drug-Target Interaction Deep Learning Model
Authors: Choi Yoonjung , Shin Bonggun , Kang Keunsoo , Park Sungsoo , Beck Bo Ram
Published: November 2020

Previously, our group predicted commercially available Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs that can inhibit each step of the replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) using a deep learning-based drug-target interaction model called Molecule Transformer-Drug Target Interaction (MT-DTI). Unfortunately, additional clinically significant treatment options since the approval of remdesivir are scarce. To overcome the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) more efficiently, a treatment strategy that controls not only SARS-CoV-2 replication but also the host entry step should be considered. In this study, we used MT-DTI to predict FDA approved drugs that may have strong affinities for the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and the transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) which are essential for viral entry to the host cell. Of the 460 drugs with Kd of less than 100 nM for the ACE2 receptor, 17 drugs overlapped with drugs that inhibit the interaction of ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2 spike reported in the NCATS OpenData portal. Among them, enalaprilat, an ACE inhibitor, showed a Kd value of 1.5 nM against the ACE2. Furthermore, three of the top 30 drugs with strong affinity prediction for the TMPRSS2 are anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) drugs, including ombitasvir, daclatasvir, and paritaprevir. Notably, of the top 30 drugs, AT1R blocker eprosartan and neuropsychiatric drug lisuride showed similar gene expression profiles to potential TMPRSS2 inhibitors. Collectively, we suggest that drugs predicted to have strong inhibitory potencies to ACE2 and TMPRSS2 through the DTI model should be considered as potential drug repurposing candidates for COVID-19.
COVID-19 Infection Detection and Prevention by SARS-CoV-2 Active Antigens: A Synthetic Vaccine Approach
Authors: Lozano José Manuel , Salazar Luz Mary , Torres Ángela , Arévalo-Jamaica Adriana , Franco-Muñoz Carlos , Mercado-Reyes Marcela , Aristizabal Fabio Ancizar
Published: November 2020

COVID-19, a global pandemic causing to date more than 50 million cases and more than a million deaths, has to be controlled. SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) was identified as the causative agent. Controversy about this virus origin and infectious mechanism for adapting to humans remains a matter for discussion. Among all strategies for obtaining safe and potent vaccines, approaches based on attenuated-killed virus and non-replicating RNA viral vectors are demonstrating promising results. However, specificity of viral components targeted by human antibodies so far has not been demonstrated. A consistent strategy for obtaining functional-active antigens from SARS-CoV-2 specific ligands lead us to propose and test a number of synthetic components. From hundreds of starting sequences only fifteen fulfilled the design requirements and were produced as monomer and polymer forms and immuno-chemically tested. The design was based on worldwide representative reported virus genomes. A bioinformatics scheme by conventional methods and knowledge on MHC-I and II antigen processing mechanisms and HLA haplotype-restriction was performed including sensitive and resistant human populations to virus infection. Covid-19 patients’ sera reactivity for synthetic SARS-CoV-2-designed components have proven a high recognition of specific molecules, as well as some evidence for a long-lasting humoral immune response.
Understanding How Adolescents Think about the HPV Vaccine
Authors: Pennella Robyn A. , Ayers Katherine A. , Brandt Heather M.
Published: November 2020

Despite educational efforts, Tennessee human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates are 43%, among the lowest in the United States. This study examined how adolescents think about the HPV vaccine to identify patterns and misconceptions to enhance educational efforts. Adolescents (ages 11–12) (N = 168) responded to open-ended questions regarding their thinking about the HPV vaccine. Data were analyzed and interpreted using qualitative thematic analysis. Three domains of themes emerged from responses: (1) characteristics of HPV vaccination, (2) knowledge-related themes, and (3) beliefs-related themes. Prevention of HPV and cancer was the most referenced characteristic of HPV vaccination followed by HPV vaccine rates and HPV vaccine efficacy. Student inquiries were mostly centered on HPV vaccine composition, administration, duration and how the vaccine interacts with the body. Some responses indicated a desire for more information about HPV not specific to the HPV vaccine. Overall, adolescent attitudes were positive towards the HPV vaccine. This study highlights specific questions adolescents have about the vaccine that can be used to tailor future HPV educational efforts, empowering adolescents with the knowledge to be more active students in the decision-making process. In addition, the potential for adolescents to serve as community advocates for the vaccine should be considered for future interventions.
The Effect of Long Duration Earthquakes on the Overall Seismic Behavior of Steel Structures Designed According to Eurocode 8 Provisions
Authors: Katsimpini Panagiota , Konstandakopoulou Foteini , Papagiannopoulos George A. , Pnevmatikos Nikos , Hatzigeorgiou George D.
Published: November 2020

Premature and simultaneous buckling of several steel braces in steel structures due to the prolonged duration of a seismic motion is one of the issues that must be addressed in the next version of Eurocode 8. In an effort to contribute towards the improvement of the seismic design provisions of Eurocode 8, an evaluation of the overall behavior of some steel building-foundation systems under the action of long duration seismic motions is performed herein by means of nonlinear time-history seismic analyses, taking into account soil–structure interaction (SSI) effects. In particular, the maximum seismic response results—in terms of permanent interstorey drifts, overturning moments and base shears of the steel buildings as well as of the permanent settlement and tilting of their foundations—are computed. It is found that the seismic performance of steel buildings when subjected to long duration seismic motions is: (i) acceptable for the two and five-storey fixed base steel buildings and for the two-storey steel buildings with SSI effects included; (ii) unacceptable for the eight-storey fixed base steel buildings and for the five and eight-storey steel buildings with SSI effects included. In all cases of steel buildings with SSI effects included, the seismic performance of the mat foundation, as expressed by the computed values of residual settlement and tilting, is always acceptable.
Water Use Conflict and Coordination between Agricultural and Wetlands—A Case Study of Yanqi Basin
Authors: Jiang Mengyao , Xie Shuntao , Wang Shuixian
Published: November 2020

Increased groundwater extraction leads to the decrease of the extent of wetlands due to the implementation of a water-saving transformation project in an arid irrigation area. The application of integrated mitigation tools and strategies in China have increasing significance. In this study, an integrated approach (SWAT-MODFLOW) was followed; it is based on a soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) coupled with a modular three-dimensional finite difference groundwater model (MODFLOW). Recharge and evaporation values were estimated by SWAT and were then used to simulate groundwater in a MODFLOW model. Calibration (over the years 2000–2010) and validation (over the years 2010–2016) were performed, based on observed groundwater-level data; results showed that the combined SWAT-MODFLOW provides more accurate simulation and prediction of the dynamic changes of surface water and groundwater in irrigation areas than results from individual MODFLOW models. This method was applied to the Yanqi Basin, which is one of the most appropriate arid agricultural basins for modeling lake wetland and groundwater in China. The correlation coefficients (R2) between the simulated and real groundwater level are 0.96 and 0.91 in SWAT-MODFLOW and MODFLOW, respectively. With the gradual increase in the extraction to 248%, 0.62 × 108 m3 of groundwater discharged into the lake became −2.25 × 108 m3. The lake level drops 1.3 m compared with the current year, when the groundwater exploitation increases by 10 × 108 m3/year. Overall, the results of the coupling model offer scientific evidence for agricultural water management and lake recovery, so as to enhance the water use coordination.
Impact of Land Use on Karst Water Resources—A Case Study of the Kupa (Kolpa) Transboundary River Catchment
Authors: Selak Ana , Boljat Ivana , Lukač Reberski Jasmina , Terzić Josip , Čenčur Curk Barbara
Published: November 2020

This paper presents a qualitative approach for assessing land-use pressures on the water resources of a transboundary Dinaric karst catchment of the Kupa River in Southeast Europe. Spatial analyses of the water quality indices for surface water and groundwater were carried out in a GIS environment, as well as a detailed assessment of man-made hazards based on recommendations of COST Action 620. The produced maps provide an insight into the qualitative status of water resources at a regional scale by indicating areas of potential negative impacts of land use through the identification of point and diffuse sources of pollution. Higher values of the water quality indices for surface water and groundwater are observed in lowland areas, karst plateaus and poljes, where the impacts of anthropogenic activities such as agriculture and quarries take place on karstified permeable carbonate rocks. Hazard assessment showed how transport infrastructure induces a low hazard level. Settlement areas without proper sewerage systems impose moderate hazard levels, while direct wastewater discharges into groundwater and waste illegally disposed in karst swallow holes and caves located near settlements were classified as having high hazard levels. The applied methods proved to be suitable even in challenging karst environments where the complex properties and structure make the exploration and monitoring of groundwater resources difficult and scarce.
Implantação de um serviço sobre orientação de insulina na transição do cuidado: contribuições para o autocuidado.
Authors: Freitas Pollyanna Evelyn Ferreira , Costa Josiane Moreira , Nunes Ciomara Maria Pérez
Published: November 2020

O diabetes mellitus é uma doença crônica responsável por inúmeras complicações que comprometem a qualidade de vida dos pacientes, sendo necessário para prevenção a adoção de medidas educativas que enfatize a importância do autocuidado e da adesão ao tratamento. Objetivo deste artigo é descrever as ações realizadas e os resultados alcançados com a implementação do Serviço de Orientação Sobre o Uso de Insulina (SOSUI). Trata-se de um estudo observacional, realizado no período de agosto de 2014 a fevereiro de 2015. Foram selecionados pacientes diabéticos insulinizados, sendo eles idosos e adultos frágeis submetidos à amputação devido a comprometimento de pé diabético. O SOSUI foi constituído em duas fases, sendo uma no período da internação hospitalar (pré-alta), e a segunda no período pós-alta hospitalar. No período pré-hospitalar, farmacêuticos vinculados a um programa de residência multiprofissional realizaram uma abordagem entre os pacientes, seguida de treinamentos práticos individualizados sobre a administração da insulina. Passado um período mínimo de quatro meses após a alta hospitalar, foi realizada interação mediada por telefone com o intuito de identificar mudanças nos relatos dos pacientes em relação ao uso da insulina, assim como melhora nos valores glicêmicos. Os dados foram registrados no programa Microsoft Excel, seguido de análise univariada. Foram 17 pacientes elegíveis para o estudo, com idade média de 63 anos, sendo 76,47% do sexo masculino e 23,53% do sexo feminino. O tempo médio de internação foi de 21 dias. Em relação ao perfil glicêmico dos participantes, observa-se que houve melhora nos níveis de glicemia de jejum e hemoglobina glicada dos pacientes orientados pelo serviço, e que estavam sob os cuidados da Atenção Primária. Além de melhoras nos relatos sobre técnicas de homogeneização e administração da insulina, foi evidenciada entre os pacientes uma hemoglobina glicada média de 9,97%, sendo esse valor médio reduzido para 7,0% após a alta hospitalar. Isso indica melhora do controle glicêmico pelos pacientes, o que pode ser influenciado pelas experiências de adoecimento, internação e amputação decorrente de complicações do diabetes, associadas ao fato de os pacientes terem também recebido orientações educacionais sobre o uso da insulina, favorecendo melhor entendimento sobre o uso desse medicamento. A implementação do SOSUI serviu como importante ferramenta no processo de educação em saúde sobre o diabetes para os pacientes acompanhados pelo Serviço de Farmácia Clínica, proporcionando melhora no gerenciamento da farmacoterapia com insulina; melhor conhecimento sobre o diabetes e suas complicações; e para a importância da adesão ao tratamento.
Análise de prescrições irregulares em uma rede de farmácias do Recife
Authors: De Siqueira Amaral Antônio Gustavo , Crasto Lima de Holanda Francisco Alberto , Menezes de Castro Tayronni , Silva Ferreira Aline , Freitas França Galvão de Oliveira Fabíola , Rolim Neto Pedro José , Ferreira da Silva Rosali Maria
Published: November 2020

A prescrição é um “documento” essencial que visa à adesão farmacoterapêutica por meio da tradução completa de informações fundamentais sobre a terapia a ser seguida pelo paciente. Ela deve ser escrita de forma legível, à tinta e ao vernáculo, e conter todas as informações sobre o medicamento. Além disso, características referentes ao prescritor e ao paciente são indispensáveis, pois garantem a confiabilidade e a rastreabilidade da receita perante a Vigilância Sanitária e asseguram o uso racional de medicamentos. Atualmente, o número de prescrições ilegíveis é alto e esse fator contribui para o aparecimento de efeitos adversos, tóxicos e até letais, dependendo do caso. O presente estudo teve como objetivos avaliar as prescrições que apresentaram ilegibilidade, bem como sua origem, sua classificação e os principais erros de preenchimento. O projeto foi submetido e aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética. Realizou-se a pesquisa em um dos estabelecimentos da Rede de Farmácias Pague Menos®, durante o mês de junho de 2015, sendo analisadas 200 receitas consideradas ilegíveis. Das receitas analisadas, 43 (22%) não possibilitaram a dispensação do medicamento. Constatou-se, também, que a maioria das receitas veio de estabelecimentos públicos (60%) e que 74% era de controle especial. Além disso, observou-se a ausência de informações importantes no receituário, como duração do tratamento, posologia e data. Desse modo, essas características comprovam que a ilegibilidade é uma prática recorrente, que impossibilita uma dispensação segura de medicamentos nos estabelecimentos de saúde e, consequentemente, comprova a grande importância da padronização no preenchimento de receitas para que haja uma eficácia no tratamento.
Cadê o amor da mamãe? As interrogativas na Fala Dirigida à Criança adquirindo o PB
Authors: Name Cristina , Sosa Juan Manuel
Published: November 2020

A fala dirigida à criança (FDC) apresenta características consideradas facilitadoras da aquisição da linguagem. Neste artigo, focalizamos duas delas – o alto número de interrogativas e prosódia exagerada – em uma análise de corpora de enunciados produzidos em situações de interação entre quatro bebês (4-12 meses) adquirindo o PB e seus familiares. Os resultados revelaram que as interrogativas representam quase 40% do total dos enunciados, são marcadas por registro alto e amplo movimento de pitch, destacando-se de outras construções. Nos primeiros meses, são usadas para engajar o bebê na cena comunicativa, e depois passam a ter a função de verificar sua compreensão e pedir informação, acompanhando o desenvolvimento cognitivo e linguístico do bebê.
Elementos da axiologia na produção e revisão de textos
Authors: Moreira Gasparotto Denise , Menegassi Renilson José
Published: November 2020

Neste trabalho, objetiva-se, a partir dos princípios do dialogismo e da revisão dialógica (Bakhtin/Volochínov, 2009; Bakhtin, 2010; Brait, 2012; Volochínov, 2013; Menegassi e Gasparotto, 2019) discutir e elucidar a axiologia presente no processo de revisão de textos. Os resultados apontam que, além do bilhete de revisão docente, refletem, diretamente sobre a qualidade da reescrita e o desenvolvimento de habilidades de escrita pelos alunos aspectos extralinguísticos que, na perspectiva dialógica, são tão relevantes quanto o bilhete de revisão, a salientar a necessidade de o docente compreendê-los para construir sua abordagem de revisão.
Contributos da supervisão pedagógica para a formação docente em Portugal
Authors: Mesquita Elza , Sanches Angelina , Freire-Ribeiro Ilda
Published: November 2020

O texto apresentado é de natureza teórica e procura analisar e situar os contributos da supervisão pedagógica para a formação docente em Portugal, desde que o conceito “supervisão” foi pela primeira vez apreciado na legislação nacional, mais especificamente com a publicação do Estatuto da Carreira dos Educadores de Infância e dos Professores dos Ensinos Básico e Secundário (DECRETO-LEI N.º 139-A/90, de 28 de abril de 1990). No campo pedagógico, sabe-se que o conceito de supervisão, numa perspetiva mais tradicionalista, se limitava mais à formação inicial de professores e, por tal, posicinamo-nos face a esta vertente da formação. Decidimos, portanto, elaborar uma análise documental percorrendo 30 anos da formação inicial em Portugal (1990-2020), desde o aparecimento do conceito em documentos normativos portugueses. Ao longo desta análise focar-nos-emos em aspetos que se prendem com a definição do conceito de supervisão, com a sua linha evolutiva no campo pedagógico e com abordagens de natureza teórica, procurando enquadrá-lo na legislação portuguesa, uma vez que visamos clarificar algumas das diretrizes normativas, quanto ao sentido e quanto à sua aplicação na formação inicial de professores. Mas, também procuraremos trazer algumas publicações de referência de autores/as nacionais que muito contribuíram para a reflexão em torno do conceito de supervisão e dignificaram a formação inicial de professores.
Kerch style: towards a local branch evidenced at Apollonia Pontica?
Authors: Dupont Pierre , Baralis Alexandre , Nedev Dimitar , Panayotova Krastina , Bogdanova Teodora
Published: November 2020

Primele rezultate obținute în urma analizei fizico-chimice făcute pe exemplare reprezentative de vase cu figuri roșii de la Apollonia, decorate în stilul Kerch, au scos în evidență compoziții non-atice, demonstrând, deci, că Atena nu a avut monopolul fabricării ceramicii de factură, mai degrabă „ kitsch”, acoperită cu auriu și retușe colorate. Chiar dacă cele mai multe dintre eșantioanele care ar indica acest stil formează, împreună cu alte vase cu firnis negru, un grup geochimic deosebit de ceramica uzuală de fabricație locală, aceasta s-ar putea datora unor imperative tehnologice. Continuarea cercetării își propune clarificarea apartenenței pieselor la un alt grup local distinct sau a provenienței acestora din importuri din alte centre pontice de fabricație, precum Panticapaeum, actualul Kerch, considerat sursa cea mai previzibilă !
ЗМІСТ КОРУПЦІЇ В ОРГАНАХ ПУБЛІЧНОЇ ВЛАДИ: ТЕОРЕТИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Chornyi V.
Published: November 2020

Доведено, що корупція підриває довіру населення країни до влади, порушує базові принципи права, справедливості й рівності громадян перед законом, чесної конкуренції, відповідальності за скоєні злочини, спричиняє зростання обсягів тіньової економіки та зниження позицій держави в світовій спільноті. Відмічено, що ґрунтовне дослідження проблемних питань змісту корупції в органах публічної влади неможливе без теоретичного визначення основ публічного адміністрування в цілому та специфіки функціонування механізмів публічного адміністрування зокрема. Розглянуто поняття “механізм” за різними визначеннями.
Акцентовано увагу на тому, що корупційні злочини мають особливо негативний вплив на темпи зростання економіки держави що, у свою чергу, призводить до руйнування економічної системи держави, знищення ринкових механізмів, розвитку недобросовісної конкуренції, значного зниження рівня конкурентоспроможності держави, монополізації, криміналізації та розвитку тіньової економіки, порушення відносин власності, а далі – до повного економічного занепаду.
ФОРМУВАННЯ МОДЕЛІ КЛАСИФІКАЦІЇ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ У ПУБЛІЧНОМУ УПРАВЛІННІ ТА АДМІНІСТРУВАННІ: ПОНЯТІЙНО-КАТЕГОРІЙНИЙ АПАРАТ
Authors: Oleksenko  R , Voronkova V. 
Published: November 2020

Виявлено напрями покращання якості організації публічного управління та адміністрування, що зводиться до завдання програмування розвитку його системотворчих структур. Розкрито онтологію ієрархії структури соціального процесу, що реалізується в політичній сфері життєдіяльності суспільства. Сформовано класифікацію соціальних процесів, в основі якої більш складні, середні й малі масштаби соціальних процесів, які подано в моделях таксонами різного рівня, що важливо використовувати в управлінській діяльності на всіх рівнях. Обґрунтовано поняттєво-категорійний апарат формування моделі класифікації соціальних процесів у публічному управлінні та адмініструванні, виражений поняттями “таксон”, “аутопоезис”, “ієрархія”. Дослідження про формування моделі класифікації соціальних процесів у публічному управлінні та адмініструванні та її понятійно-категорійний апарат становлять практичну цінність для управлінців усіх рівнів, розкриваючи інноваційний підхід до публічного управління та адміністрування, в основі якого покращання якості, результативності та дієвості.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ОСНОВИ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНІСТЮ МОРСЬКИХ ПОРТОВИХ КОМПЛЕКСІВ
Authors: Bubliy  M.  , Drobiazko  L. 
Published: November 2020

Узагальнено теоретичні основи державного управління конкурентоспроможністю морських портових комплексів. Здійснено класифікацію видів портових комплексів як об’єктів державного управління. Запропоновано дерево цілей державного управління конкурентоспроможністю морських портових комплексів. Виділено найбільш важливі функції органів влади та істотні чинники, що впливають на становлення системи державного управління в діяльності морських портових комплексів. Доведено, що демонополізація економіки України позначилася й на організації державного управління морськими портовими комплексами, багато з яких було приватизовано, проте держава за допомогою відповідних повноважень здійснює стратегічну політику щодо забезпечення їхнього розвитку.
ДЕРЖАВНИЙ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ ОСВІТНЬОЇ СФЕРИ НА РЕГІОНАЛЬНОМУ РІВНІ
Authors: Zastrozhnokova  I. 
Published: November 2020

Визначено завдання та основні проблемні аспекти управління регіональною освітньою сферою в Україні. Детально розкрито поняття “регіон, що навчається”. Встановлено, що формування оптимальної моделі державного управління освітою в регіоні доцільно здійснювати, збагачуючи зміст навчального процесу місцевою специфікою та спираючись на найкращі освітні традиції території, та що на характер формування регіонального освітнього простору в областях і районах України активно впливають екзогенні й ендогенні фактори і процеси всередині освітньої системи загалом. Визначено структуру регіональної системи освіти, що включає державні, комунальні, приватні позашкільні навчальні заклади, інші навчальні заклади як центри освіти в позаурочний та позанавчальний час, клуби та об’єднання за місцем проживання, культурно-освітні, фізкультурно-оздоровчі, спортивні та інші навчальні заклади тощо. Розглянуто обсяги фінансування регіональної освітньої програми на прикладі Дніпропетровської області.