bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk of Outdoor Rape and Proximity to Bus Stops, Bars, and Residences
Authors: Felson Marcus , de Melo Silas Nogueira , Boivin Remi
Published: July 2022

Several researchers have linked the configuration of public places to the risk of sexual attack against women, including rape. Based on the routine activity approach and crime pattern theory, we expect to find the greatest risk of outdoor urban rape near public places that are “target rich,” “offender rich,” and “guardian poor.” We apply the theory to 193 outdoor rape locations in Campinas, Brazil, 2010–2013. We measure distances to the nearest bus stops, bars, and residences, then compare each of these to the distance from random points in the same city. Consistent with theory, outdoor rape victimizations occur disproportionately near bus stops and bars, but at least 250 meters away from the location of the nearest residence of any type. This baseline model suggests that urban planners could make women more secure from outdoor sexual attack by improving the design and location of public places, reducing the concealment of such places, and enhancing guardianship.
Use of an Electronic Referral Application to Address Post-Injury Needs of Victims of Firearm Injury in a Hospital-Based Violence Intervention Program
Authors: Mercer Jennifer L. , Reigle Jori A. , Jenkins Phillip M. , Cranford James A. , Creech Constance J. , Murray-Wright Margaret A. , Sachwani-Daswani Gul R. , Mercer Leo C.
Published: July 2022

Background

Wraparound referrals are a cornerstone of hospital-based violence intervention programs, which have proven to be an effective public health approach for mitigating violence and recidivism. We hypothesized that replacing a manual referral process with an electronic referral application would increase the number of generated referrals and improve compliance with follow-up visits.

Study Design

The population for this single center quantitative study was a convenience sample of firearm-injured patients. Data from 74 patients were collected using the electronic health record, the electronic referral application, and the trauma registry before and after the intervention.

Results

Post-implementation of the electronic referral application showed an increased number of generated referrals, increased emergency department and inpatient utilization of trauma recovery center services, and an increase in second follow-up visit compliance.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated an increase in the number of referrals and greater likelihood of completion of post-injury follow-up visits after implementing the electronic referral system.
Developing Trauma-Informed Research Methods: Using Proxy Respondents to Assess Sexual Assault Survivors' Experiences Seeking Medical Forensic Exams
Authors: Campbell Rebecca , Javorka McKenzie , Hetfield MacKenzie , Gregory Katie , Vollinger Lauren , Ma Wenjuan
Published: July 2022

In research on sexual assault victims' help-seeking, proxy data sources are often utilized because outreach to survivors immediately postassault may increase a study's risk-to-benefit ratio. Victim advocates and services providers are common proxy respondents, but empirical research comparing the accuracy of their information is needed. We collaborated with seven sexual assault nurse examiner (SANE) programs to collect de-identified, paired data from nurses and advocates regarding the help-seeking experiences of N = 744 adult victims. Using pairwise McNemar tests, we found statistically significant agreement on victim demographics, assault characteristics, and victims' decisions regarding medical forensic exams, sexual assault kit (SAK) collection, and release of SAKs for forensic DNA testing. Nurses and advocates had different information regarding victims' disclosure histories and their reasons for seeking SANE care.
Intimate Partner Violence Victimization and Perpetration Among U.S. Adults During the Earliest Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Davis Maxine , Gilbar Ohad , Padilla-Medina Diana M.
Published: July 2022

Purpose

The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between COVID-19 related conditions and the perpetration or experience of intimate partner violence (IPV) in the earliest stage of the pandemic.

Methods

This cross-sectional study analyzed data collected via an internet-based survey in the spring of 2020 from an online sample of noninstitutionalized adults in the United States (N = 2,045). More than half of the sample self-identified as being in an intimate relationship at the time of the study (58.2%, n = 1,183) and were used in the analysis. A four-item tool was used to assess IPV perpetration and victimization during the earliest stage of the pandemic. Respondents self-reported demographic data and recent health histories, including COVID-19 tests results, related symptoms, and degree of personal social distancing. We hypothesized that COVID-19 related factors would increase risks of IPV. Descriptive, correlational, and generalized linear modeling analysis techniques were employed.

Results

COVID-19 impacted respondents had an increased risk of IPV victimization and perpetration. Among those who reported having symptoms consistent with COVID-19 but were denied access to testing, the odds of being a victim of psychological IPV was three times more likely than those who did not have symptoms. Respondents who reported testing positive to COVID-19 were two to three times more likely to experience or perpetrate psychological and physical IPV against an intimate partner. People who lost their job due to the pandemic were three to four times more likely to perpetrate IPV compared to those who remained employed.

Conclusions

Especially during this COVID-19 pandemic period, our results emphasize the need for an ongoing public-health response to IPV. Continued surveillance via effective screening, intervention development, and implementation is needed.
THE INTERACTION BETWEEN VIRTUAL REALITY GLASSES TRACKING TYPES AND COGNITIVE STYLE TO DEVELOP ENGLISH VOCABULARY SKILLS AND IMMERSION AMONG PRIMARY STAGES PUPILS WITH LEARNING DIFFICULTIES
Authors: Hussein Marwa Ahmed , Elnagar Mohamed Elsayed , Haggag Haggag Mohamed
Published: July 2022

This research aimed at measuring the impact of the interaction between virtual reality glasses tracking types (Positional- Rotational) and cognitive styles (impulsivity- reflectivity) to develop English vocabulary skills among primary-stage pupils with learning difficulties. Five instruments were utilized in the research process, and the results reported the test. English vocabulary checklists to identify the vocabulary that the course will use in the research, an English test to identify the learning difficulties of students in the English language, the test of mental ability to identify the IQ mean scores of students, a standard test of Kagan to measure the cognitive style (impulsivity- reflectivity), Pre and post-English vocabulary achievement test, immersion scale and the suggested English vocabulary skills program depends on (positional- rotational tracking type. The participants were students in grade five their number is (89) from the primary stage at Tarek Ibn Zaid school, Minia, Egypt. Using four groups of quasi-experimental design, the research followed applying tests of Mental ability, English tests to identify difficulties, Cognitive style test of Kagan, Then followed a pre and post-testing procedure before and after applying for the virtual reality program and apply the immersion scale at the end of the program. The quantitative results of the study indicated that there was no interaction between virtual reality glasses tracking type (positional -rotational) and cognitive style (Impulsivity-Reflectivity). This is due to the lack of a direct relationship between cognitive style and virtual reality glasses tracking type, especially in immersion with learning and acquiring English vocabulary skills, and that there is no preferred pattern for virtual reality glasses tracking type with one of the cognitive methods that he dealt with in the research, especially in learning and acquiring English vocabulary skills.
NATIONAL SPEECHES ON NOTABLE POLITICAL FIGURES: A position paper on CDA studies
Authors: BABATUNDE ORUNGBEJA , KOLADE AJILORE
Published: July 2022

This study highlighted the value and appropriateness of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) in the examination of national speeches of political leaders for policy pronouncements. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interplay among power, ideology, and language and the mechanisms deployed in the national discourses of some notable political leaders to capture reality, manipulate, persuade and shape the audience (citizenry) to action. This study underscored the capability of Critical discourse analysis (CDA) to investigate the manner by which social power abuse, dominance, and inequality are enacted, reproduced, and resisted by text and talk in the social and political contexts. The study revealed attempts at ideology legitimization and power dominance through the use of cognitive discourses. We are taken through the empowerment ability of discourse in diverse sociopolitical contexts and how power relies on discourse for multidisciplinary actions that convince the citizenry to acknowledge, sustain and advocate their leaders’ ideologies. The study adopted a conceptual framework and relied on secondary and tertiary sources. The study also made recommendations to scholars on how to adopt discourse-related methodologies to enhance knowledge creation in political addresses. Lastly, the study acknowledged the limitations of the CDA approach.
EFFECT OF SALT CONTENT ON BIOGAS PRODUCTION AND MICROBIAL ACTIVITY: REVIEW STUDY
Authors: Alhraishawi Ali , Aslan Sukru
Published: July 2022

Over the years, biogas production technology has advanced with the goal of lowering process costs and greenhouse gas emissions, increasing biogas yield. Many design factors and operational aspects must be taken into account for steady and efficient biogas production. Furthermore, by properly monitoring various operational factors, the operation can be changed to unforeseen events. This review study covers the changes that occur when salt is present in biogas generation, as well as the impact on the microbial population. The results of the studies showed that adding salt in appropriate amounts is sufficient to enhance gas production and nutrient release, but the optimal scenario may differ from one biogas plant to another. Moreover, unfavorable situations to be avoided during the operation of the biogas plant have been discovered. Previous research had found that when the sodium salt concentration is less than 8 g/L, the reduction in methane generation is negligible. On the other hand, the addition of >8 g/L NaCl significantly reduced methane production (causing 17-80 percent inhibition).
SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT Y SOBRECARGA LABORAL DE ENFERMERÍA EN EL ÁREA COVID-19
Authors: Fuentes Paulina Ríos , Rivera Rosa Isela Rodríguez , Gómez Susana Angélica Dorantes , Gallegos-Torres Ruth Magdalena
Published: July 2022

Introducción: A nivel mundial, existen escasos estudios donde relacionan el Síndrome de Burnout con la Sobrecarga laboral manifestado en trastornos psicosomáticos en el personal de enfermería. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre la sobrecarga laboral y prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout en el personal de enfermería que labora dentro de las diferentes áreas COVID del Antiguo Hospital General Querétaro durante la pandemia del coronavirus SARS-COV2. Metodología: Estudio observacional, transversal, descriptivo- correlacional, realizado en 70 profesionales de enfermería mediante muestreo por conveniencia en el Hospital COVID del estado de Querétaro, México. Se les aplicó el instrumento “EDO: Escala de Desgaste Ocupacional (Burnout)” del Dr. Uribe Prado, donde se incluyeron datos sociodemográficos, desgaste ocupacional y factores psicosomáticos manifestando la sobrecarga laboral. El proyecto fue evaluado y aprobado por un Comité de Investigación y un Comité de Bioética. Los datos se analizaron en el programa Microsoft Excel, obteniendo la correlación de Pearson, desviación estándar y medidas de tendencia central. Resultados: Se obtuvo que el 74.28% fueron mujeres y el 25.71% hombres, entre 23 a 44 años, que estuvieron en contacto directo con enfermos por COVID.19. El 60% de los profesionales de enfermería se encontraron con un Desgaste ocupacional Alto y los trastornos psicosomáticos más afectados son la ansiedad (23.4%), el dolor (23.1%) y el sueño (18.2%). Se obtuvo una correlación positiva débil de 0.15. Conclusión: El personal de enfermería no se encuentra tan desgastado debido a las estrategias de afrontamiento institucionales y a que se encuentran acostumbrados a un ambiente laboral estresante.
Work intensification: Towards mapping the study field and defining a research agenda
Authors: Lemos Ana Heloísa da Costa , Campos Waleska Yone Yamakawa Zavatti , Quintão Marcelo Jucá , Rosa Luciana Aparecida Barbieri da
Published: July 2022

Work intensification can be defined as the increase in energy expenditure by the worker in the exercise of his current occupations. Given the complexity of the phenomenon, this study aimed to analyze the scientific literature on work intensification to map the field and propose a research agenda. Three approaches were developed from 98 articles extracted from the Web of Science, namely bibliometric, scientometric, and content analyses. The findings reveal that the scientific production on the subject had a significant increase between 2010 and 2019; predominant themes are work-family conflict, repetitive strain, and teleworking, among others. Furthermore, the research agenda reveals rich possibilities for gaps and future studies.
Socio-emotional regulation in collaborative learning: studies review
Authors: Rafikova Antonina S.
Published: July 2022

We analyze studies on socio-emotional regulation in collaborative learning. The features and advantages of collaborative learning are described. We consider The role of academic emotions in the learning process. The emotional background plays an important role in the learning process in general and collaborative learning in particular. Students often experience problems in the emotional sphere during learning process, for the solution of which they use the strategy of “emotion suppression”. In this context, social-emotional interaction plays an important role in the learning process. Positive social and emotional interaction contributes to increased motivation, harmonious functioning of the group and greater involvement in the learning process. Negative socio-emotional interaction creates difficulties for the process of group learning and is realized in directive forms of social regulation. The N.G. Lobczowski’s model describes the process of formation and regulation of emotions in the process of collaborative learning. According to this model, emotion formation spans the first four stages (context, stimulus event, appraisal, and emotional response) leading to the regulation. An important aspect of the socio-emotional interaction is the socio-emotional discourse. To create positive social and emotional conditions for learning, it is important to show interest in other members of the group, express social responsiveness, positively assess the progress in completing the task and the actions of group members, and express mutual support between participants. Solving problems and conflicts between group members is necessary to maintain a sense of cohesion among group members. The solution of the problems associated with the socio-emotional interaction requires the socio-emotional regulation, that is, responding to the manifestation of emotions in the group, solving the problems of the group and supporting positive interaction between group members. Students can apply behavioral, interpersonal, cognitive, motivational and motivational-cognitive socioemotional regulation strategies.
Análise das publicações de Data Papers sobre Biodiversidade
Authors: Silva Fabiano Couto Corrêa da , Stueber Ketlen , Witt Amanda Santos
Published: July 2022

Introdução: A estruturação dos conjuntos de dados sobre Biodiversidade está sendo divulgada em uma linguagem reservada para a descrição do substrato da comunicação científica denominada Data Papers, isto é, os dados que sustentam pesquisas científicas nesse campo do conhecimento, independentemente do modelo tradicional de comunicação científica.  Objetivo: Analisar as publicações em formato de Data Papers no campo da Biodiversidade em âmbito internacional. Metodologia:  Pesquisa documental de abordagem qualitativa e aplica técnicas para coleta e exame das informações por meio de Análise de Conteúdo. Verifica a situação de 33 revistas apontados pela Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) que oferecem publicações em formato de Data Papers. Identifica-se: os temas correlatos à biodiversidade; os tipos de licenças, indexadores, a quantidade de Data Papers publicados, os títulos que possuem acesso aberto ou fechado, as revistas que mais publicam Data Papers sobre Biodiversidade e o idioma que foram publicados. Resultados: O número em Data Papers teve crescimento exponencial entre 2017 até maio de 2022 logo, os artigos sobre o campo da Biodiversidade também têm aumentado em diversos temas que envolvem todo o seu ecossistema. Conclusão: Os Data Papers analisados se caracterizam como documentos revisados por pares e representam conjuntos de dados indexados com padrões de metadados adequados para preservar digitalmente os dados registrados nas revistas que foram contempladas na presente análise.
Caracterização de repositórios digitais Dataverse conforme o Modelo OAIS
Authors: Rezende Laura Vilela Rodrigues
Published: July 2022

Introdução: Na temática de padrões de modelagem de sistemas de arquivamento, especificamente OAIS (Open Archival Information System), parece correto afirmar que, por se tratar de um modelo abstrato e que não contempla nenhum tipo de implementação, vários desafios surgem quando se busca entender e visualizar sua aplicação prática. Assim, faz-se necessário situar no contexto do modelo OAIS uma solução tecnológica de repositórios digitais considerando aspectos referentes às suas políticas de gestão, acesso e uso além de possíveis processos de curadoria e preparação dos dados. Objetivo: Este estudo busca detalhar, com base nas entidades do modelo OAIS, os componentes essenciais de um repositório digital que utiliza o software Dataverse, responsáveis pela gestão do conteúdo digital armazenado. Metodologia: Análise qualitativa, pesquisa bibliográfica e documental.Resultados: Relação entre elementos que compõem o modelo OAIS, considerando o fluxo básico de ingestão, depósito, arquivamento e acesso aos dados, e os recursos do software Dataverse, especificações de funcionamento do repositório e ações de curadoria, acesso e uso. Conclusão: Entende-se que são muitos os desafios ao se pensar no ecossistema da gestão de dados científicos. No entanto, considerar somente tecnologia não é suficiente ou garantia de que as recomendações dos padrões e modelos internacionais estão sendo seguidos. Fica evidente no modelo OAIS a importância da equipe gestora do repositório para além das funcionalidades oferecidas pelo software. Trazer o modelo OAIS para uma realidade prática parece favorecer seu entendimento, especialmente para os profissionais que estão na fase inicial de implementação de uma solução de gestão de dados científicos.
Resolução RDC-Arq Conarq
Authors: Braga Tiago Emmanuel Nunes , Holanda Alex Pereira , Canelhas Pignataro Tatiana
Published: July 2022

Introdução: Os repositórios arquivísticos digitais confiáveis buscam oferecer mecanismos para garantir a autenticidade dos objetos informacionais a partir de uma perspectiva arquivística. No Brasil a resolução 43/2015 do Conarq se encarregou de estruturar os requisitos para a implementação deste tipo de repositório e o Hipátia, modelo estruturado no âmbito do IBICT, buscou sistematizar sua implementação. Com a aproximação da publicação de uma atualização da resolução do Conarq, faz-se premente discutir quais serão os impactos no modelo atualmente proposto. Objetivo: Identificar os requisitos propostos pela nova resolução do Conarq e avaliar quais seus impactos no modelo Hipátia. Metodologia: A pesquisa se apoia no método de análise documental e possui caráter qualitativo. Ela também possui caráter exploratório, uma vez que avalia possíveis cenários a partir dos requisitos levantados. Resultados: A estrutura informacional dos requisitos presentes na resolução do Conarq foi sistematizada em quatro categorias. Estes requisitos foram analisados e suas características descritas. Ao final, foram identificados os desafios a serem superados para a sua incorporação no Hipátia. Considerações finais: O modelo Hipátia é inovador em vários sentidos, no entanto, resta claro que não é um modelo finalizado, uma vez que precisa constantemente incorporar avanços informacionais propostos pelas normas vigentes. Ao analisar a nova resolução do Conarq foi possível identificar os caminhos a serem percorridos e quais estratégias podem ser adotadas. Foi possível perceber que é possível sistematizar no modelo vigente mecanismos que permitam às instituições avançar na implementação de repositórios arquivísticos digitais confiáveis.
Uso do Archivematica no Brasil
Authors: Machado João Guilherme Nogueira , Márdero Arellano Miguel Angel
Published: July 2022

Introdução: O desenvolvimento de estratégias de preservação para acervos que constituem o patrimônio cultural do Brasil vem ganhando uma nova conformação desde meados da primeira década dos anos 2000. Objetivo: A pesquisa visou identificar instituições brasileiras de patrimônio cultural que fazem uso da solução tecnológica Archivematica para repositórios de preservação. Metodologia: Foi analisado o status do uso da ferramenta através de um mapeamento das iniciativas brasileiras conhecidas pela comunidade arquivística da rede Cariniana, com aplicação de questionário abordando definições técnicas (instalação), políticas de planejamento de preservação e gestão de microsserviços orientados pelo modelo OAIS e seu uso concreto nos acervos institucionais. A pesquisa observou que o universo de instituições usuárias do Archivematica no Brasil ainda não possui uma estatística expressiva e que nem todas estão no mesmo nível de aplicação da ferramenta. Resultados: Constatou-se a necessidade de que os responsáveis pela gestão estejam minimamente familiarizados com os modelos de entidades funcionais e de informação descritos no OAIS. Conclusão: Considerando as limitações encontradas, os dados coletados servem para uma reflexão do uso do Archivematica no Brasil, bem como para possíveis indicações de normativas que orientem as instituições quanto às melhores práticas de aplicação da ferramenta.
Apparition de la nature aquatique à l'exposition universelle de 1867
Authors: Le Gall Guillaume
Published: July 2022

Deux aquariums publics ont été édifiés au sein de l’Exposition universelle de 1867 à Paris. Si leur structure emprunte aux grands édifices modernes leurs principes fondamentaux, ils sont aussi pourvus de cavités artificielles qui renvoient à la tradition des grottes maniéristes. Cette combinaison inédite reflète un grand nombre de fantasmes autour de la technique et de la nature développés au cours du XIXe siècle. Elle vient aussi initier une histoire de la mise en scène spectaculaire de la nature dans ces grandes manifestations internationales.
The Level of Coexistence with Pressures Among Talented and Average Students at Ajloun Area in Relation to Some Demographic Variables and Academic Achievement
Authors: القادر النواصره د. فيصل عيسى عبد , صالح أبو زيتون د. موسى سليمان
Published: July 2022

The study aimed to identify the level of coexistence with pressures among a sample of talented and average students at schools in Ajloun area, Jordan in relation to some demographic variables, such as gender, class, educational level of parents, and academic achievement. To achieve this, the coexistence with pressures test, which was prepared according to psychological counseling and developed by Davis, Eshelman, and McKay (2000), was used. The validity and reliability of the test was tested. The sample consisted of 291 (96 talented students and 195 average students), who were selected by the random stratified method from high basic and secondary schools. The data was analyzed by using the arithmetic means, standard deviation, T. Test, ANOVA and the correlation coefficients. The results showed that the level of coexistence with pressures between the talented and average students was high and more than the medium, and there were statistically significant differences (α≤0.05) in the total degree of coexistence with pressures between talented and average students attributed to students type in favor of the average students. There were not any statistically significant differences in the total degree of coexistence with pressures between talented and average students attributed to the class variable. However, there were statistically significant differences (α≤0.05) in the total degree of coexistence with pressures among talented students attributed to the gender variable in favor of females, and there were statistically significant differences (α≤0.05) in the total degree of coexistence with pressures among average students attributed to gender variable in favor of males. Also, there were not any statistically significant differences in the total degree of coexistence with pressures between talented and average students attributed to parents’ education variable. There was a positive correlation coefficient in the level of coexistence with pressures degrees between the average students and the academic achievement. The results were discussed in the light of the theoretical framework and previous studies. In view of the findings, the study concluded with some recommendations.
The Level of Aspiration and its Relationship to Academic Achievement and Some Variables Among Students with Visual Impairment at Al-Noor Institute for the Blind in Khartoum
Authors: الحاج صالح محمد عبدالعظيم
Published: July 2022

The study aimed to identify the level of aspiration and its relationship to academic achievement and some variables among the visually impaired students. To achieve this, the descriptive method was used, and the scale of level of aspiration developed by Abed (2015) was administered to the study sample which consisted of (66) students. The study revealed that there was a high level of aspiration among students, and there was no relationship between the level of aspiration and academic achievement. It also indicated that there were no differences attributed to gender, class, and severity of disability, but there was no age-related relationship. The study concluded with a number of recommendations and suggestions.
Reading Preferences of Yemeni Undergraduate EFL Learners
Authors: Alshargabi Eman , Albeshari Asma'a
Published: July 2022

This study investigated the reading preferences of freshmen and sophomores female English students at the University of Science and Technology (UST), Sana’a, during the year 2010-2011. It tried to find out any significant differences between students regarding reading motives, reasons for not to read, things they read and what they prefer to read about. The researchers adapted a reading habits questionnaire; and after checking its validity and reliability, it was distributed to 100 students at the UST. The main  findings revealed that there were significant differences between level one and level two students in all the categories of the questionnaire; the most frequent motive of level one students for reading was for education while level two students' first motive was pleasure. Watching TV was found to be the most common reason that hindered students of both levels from reading. It was therefore recommended that EFL reading teachers take into consideration students' reading preferences and show them how to select and read any reading material of their interest. This might contribute to developing the habit of reading for pleasure that would ultimately have a positive impact on their performance.         

Keywords:  Reading preferences, Reading comprehension, Reading habits, Reading workshop.
Roles and characteristics of Science Teachers at the Yemeni Secondary Schools in Sana'a from the Viewpoint of Students
Authors: أبو زيد أمة الكريم طه
Published: July 2022

The study aimed at identifying the roles and characteristics of science teachers at the secondary schools in Sana’a from the students' viewpoint. To achieve this objective, a descriptive method was adopted. The study population consists of (209) students who graduated from secondary schools in Sana'a. Total of (21) students were purposely selected for an interview. The results revealed that there are a number of important roles adopted by some science teachers including social roles, professional roles, and technological roles based on the theoretical background of the study. The results also revealed a number of positive characteristics from the students’ viewpoints that they love to find in their teachers such as morality, good command of the subject matter and their teaching methods. In addition, there were some unfavorable characteristics that science teachers should avoid from the students’ viewpoint.

Keywords: Roles, Qualities, Science teacher.
Annulment of Marriage for Incompetence: A Comparative Study
Authors: شجاع الدين عبد المؤمن عبد القادر
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to investigate the problem of having only one and whole stipulation in the Personal Status Law which regulates the annulment of marriage for incompetence reasons, whereby the Law does not address most provisions of this matter. In case of no stipulation the Law also refers judges and researchers to consider the strongest evidence from Islamic Sharia, which is a difficult task, if not impossible. This has made provisions related to this matter unclear in the minds of most judges, advocates and researchers. Therefore, to tackle this problem, and using the inductive, descriptive and analytical method, whenever required, the researcher collected the provisions of this matter from reliable and approved Fiqh sources, indicating how such provisions are dealt with in some Arab laws, appropriate to the Yemeni context. Also, the researcher made a comparison and weighting between the opinions of Fiqh doctrines concerning competence in marriage. In conclusion, the study indicated that the required trait between spouses should be (religion) Islam only. The study recommended the amendment of Yemeni Personal Law so as to include some provisions on competence, and to explain the trait Islam which means the husband should observe regular Islamic rituals, including performing prayers, fasting and Zakat, as well as non-committing major sins.

Keywords: Marriage bond, Competence, Annulment of marriage.
Measuring the Level of Organizational Performance in the Yemeni Public Universities from the Perspective of the Balanced Score Card: A Field Study in the Universities of Sana'a and Aden
Authors: مسلم بسام
Published: July 2022

The research aimed at measuring the level of organizational performance according to the perspective of the Balanced Score Card (BSC). It also aimed to identify the nature of the differences in measuring the performance level in the light of the variables and type of higher management positions, faculty type, and years of service years. The researcher used the descriptive analytical methodology, where the concept of organizational performance was explained, and the related previous studies were reviewed and presented, with a focus on the strategic approach to measure the performance from the BSC perspective. To achieve the objective of the study, a questionnaire was designed, consisting of 36 indictors distributed over the four dimensions of the BSC (learning and growth, internal operations, clients, and finance). The sample included 80 participants representing academic and administrative leaders in the Universities of Sana'a and Aden. The research concluded that the organizational performance level was generally low in both universities. This was a reflection of weak performance in the BSC four dimensions. No differences occurred in the evaluation levels of those dimensions that could be attributed to these variables: type of higher management positions, faculty type, and years of service.

Keywords: Balanced Score Card, Organizational performance, Public universities.
Transformational and Transactional Leadership Impact on Organizational Performance in Pharmaceutical Industry in Yemen
Authors: النشمي مراد محمد , علي محمد عبده فرحان
Published: July 2022

This study aimed at revealing the impact on transformational and transactional leadership in organizational performance of Pharmaceutical Industry in Yemen. The researchers have used descriptive analytical methods to answer the study questions and test the hypotheses. Questionnaire has been used for collecting quantitative data from the study sample which is a number of 227 middle and executive management in pharmaceutical companies. The study findings show that there is significant effect of all the dimensions of transformational and transactional leadership on organizational performance. Based on the regression analysis applied in the study, results indicated that transformational leadership is of the highest influencing variables on organizational performance. The study concluded that pharmaceutical companies adoption of modern leadership styles leads to distinguished performance.

Keywords: Transformational leadership, Transactional leadership, Organizational performance, Pharmaceutical Industry.
Total and Partial Effect of Administrative Empowerment on the Dimensions of Job Performance: A Field Study at the Private Hospitals in the Capital Sana'a, Yemen
Authors: الجناعي نوري عبدالودود , صالح عمرو محمد
Published: July 2022

This study aimed at investigating the total and partial effect of administrative empowerment on the performance dimensions at the private hospitals in the capital Sana’a, Yemen and its role in enhancing and improving the performance of the employees. The study adopted the descriptive and analytical design. A questionnaire was used for collecting the data. After the analysis of the data, the study findings revealed that there was a significant positive effect of administrative empowerment on the job performance and its dimensions. Results also showed that there was a positive effect of empowerment dimensions on the job performance. Delegation was not among the other empowerment dimensions that had an effect on job performance. The study recommended that attention should be paid to the aspects of administrative empowerment which may provide employees with an atmosphere of freedom such as delegation and participation to proceed to advanced stages of administrative empowerment. The study also stressed the need to adopt constructs that measure the possibility of empowering employees in private hospitals based on the criteria of periodic performance evaluation. It is important to train employees who are very close to customers.

Keywords: Administrative empowerment, Job performance, Private hospitals.
The Relationship between Auditor's Independence and Financial Reporting Fraud Risk Assessment: Evidence from Yemeni Context
Authors: Al-Sorihi Sultan Ali
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine external auditor's independence related factors (IRF) associated with financial reporting fraud risk assessment (FRFRA). A quantitative instrument was used to measure FRFRA and IRF. In total, 254 external auditors participated in this study. Results found that social relations, and hiring and changing of the auditor are positively and significantly associated with FRFRA. Otherwise economic relations and audit fees are insignificant. This study serves to inform external auditors on how to improve their consideration of FRFRA. It also contributes to the limited body of research on FRFRA within IRF in the emerging economy. New variables were included for external auditors’ independence related factors. These variables consist of social relations, economic relations, and hiring and changing of the auditor. By including these new variables, more contributions are made to the extant literature and more evidence is provided on the results of external auditors in the Republic of Yemen.

Keywords: Independence related factors, External auditor, Fraud risk assessment, Financial reporting, Yemen.
Impact of Banking Service Quality on the Mental Image of Customers: A Field Study at the Islamic Banks in Yemen Republic
Authors: زيد جمال درهم , الصهيبي إياد نبيل إبراهيم
Published: July 2022

This study aimed at investigating the impact of banking services quality on the mental image of customers at the Islamic banks and measuring its dimensional levels. The population of the study included  a number of Islamic banks’ customers in the Republic of Yemen. The descriptive analytical method was used and a questionnaire was developed as an instrument for data collection. A number of 380 questionnaires were distributed to the sample of the study. The data were analyzed using SPSS. The findings of the study revealed that the level of banking services quality in the Islamic banks was generally high and the level of its dimensions i.e. tangible, communication and credibility was also high, while the level of the other dimensions i.e. response, empathy and reliability was average. The study also found that the level of customers’ mental image of the Islamic banks was generally average, and the level of its dimensions i.e. cognitive dimension was high, while the level of the emotional and behavioral dimensions was average. The study concludes that the Islamic banks should  promote and improve the quality of banking services in all their different dimensions through a specific plan and mechanism to improve the mental image of bank customers.
Measurement of Unused Capacity by Applying Resource Consumption Accounting Approach to Improve the Cost Information Quality: An Empirical Study
Authors: قحطان منير علي مدهش
Published: July 2022

The aim of this research was to enhance the efficiency of the resource consumption accounting approach by clarifying the analysis and measurement of the unused capacity to improve the quality of cost information for multiple administrative purposes. To achieve that, an empirical study was conducted at Al-Barh Cement Factory, affiliated to Yemen Corporation for Cement Industry and Marketing. Applying resource consumption accounting approach in this factory helped detect unused capacity in the production support centers of the factory under study with a percentage of 43.2% of the total costs measured according to the factory costs system. The costs were analyzed and measured at the level of resource pools and activities pools. The research concludes that the resource consumption accounting approach improves the quality of cost information to manage resources and costs by achieving greater accurate cost allocation and greater amount of planning resources and optimal utilization of unused capacity in firms.
Use of Social Media in Activating Student Participation at the Faculty of Mass Communication – Sana'a University: A Field Study
Authors: الخيشني صباح عبده هادي
Published: July 2022

This study focused on how students of the Faculty of Mass Communication use the social media networks, the differences between male and female students and the differences between the study levels in terms of using social media in academic communication and for the arrangement of various activities and events in their academic environment. The study aimed to identify the motives behind the students' use of social media, the academic activities they follow and arrange for, as well as the way they present themselves through these media. The survey method was adopted, using a questionnaire as the data collection tool. The study revealed that facebook was ranked first among the respondents, followed by the WhatsApp application. The students’ motives for using social media varied; the first motive was to communicate with their classmates in the college. The most frequently discussed topic was to know the time and date of classes and exams, followed by issues of interest to the whole batch. The results also revealed partial acceptance of the two hypotheses; there were statistically significant differences between the use of social media networks and the variable of study level. In the second hypothesis, there were also statistically significant differences between the use of social media networks and the gender variable.
Impact of Quality of Work Life on Improving Work Engagement at the Yemeni Public Telecommunications Corporation
Authors: العولقي عبدالله أحمد , النظاري فواز أحمد
Published: July 2022

This study examined the effect of the quality of work life on improving work engagement in the Yemeni Public Telecommunications Corporation. In order to achieve this objective, a sample of 330 employees was selected from the headquarters of the Yemeni Public Telecommunications Corporation, located in Sana'a, the capital city of Yemen. The study used a survey to collect preliminary data required for the study. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to check the validity of the measures used in the study. The EFA analysis revealed that the number of dimensions of quality of work conditions decreased from six dimensions to five dimensions due to the combination of the dimensions of participation in decision-making and the president's style of supervision under one dimension, called the president's style of supervision. The EFA analysis also decreased the dimensions of work engagement from three dimensions to two dimensions by combining the dimensions of vitality and enthusiasm at work and dedication to work under one dimension, called enthusiasm and sincerity work. The results also revealed that the practice of dimensions of quality of work life has a significant relationship with the improvement of work engagement in the Yemeni Public Telecommunications Corporation.
Requirements of Acquiring the Capacity of Merchant by Brokers in the Yemeni and Egyptian Laws: A Comparative Study
Authors: نائف حبيب الرحمن علي أحمد
Published: July 2022

A broker’s acquisition of the capacity of a merchant, whether natural or corporate, would place him in a legal status different from other people. The problem of this study is that many people engage in the business of brokerage without realizing the requirements of the legal status they get into, and without understanding the rules of this issue in their minds.  The study aimed to shed light on the requirements brokers should possess in order to acquire the capacity of a merchant as well as other matters pertaining to this issue. This issue was addressed within the framework of Yemeni and Egyptian legislations, supported by Fiqh opinions and judicial judgments where possible. The researcher used the descriptive, analytical and comparative method as per the research requirements. The study concluded that Yemeni Commercial Law (1991) considers brokerage a commercial business in all cases, regardless of the broker’s capacity or intention. Also, engaging and practicing the profession of brokerage independently by any person who has the commercial capacity would make the broker obtain the capacity of a merchant, whether be it commercial or civil brokerage. It was recommended to add a stipulation to the law which makes it obligatory for the broker to have a work permit so as to regulate the business of brokerage and ascertain the availability of requirements for becoming a broker and acquiring the capacity of a merchant.
Language Policy and its Relation to Identity in the Arab World
Authors: المهدي يحيى بن محمد بن علي
Published: July 2022

Arabic language is the cultural arsenal and the strong fence that protects and expresses Arab identity at the same time. This study sheds some light on the Arab language policy planning and its relation to the Arab identity. Using an analytical descriptive approach, the study aims at providing a clear picture of the status of Arab identity on the list of priorities of current language policies in the Arab World, which can be beneficial for scholars and decision makers. The study concluded with a number of findings, recommendations and suggestions. The most important of these is the existence of a serious contradiction between what exists and what should be on these policies. Moreover, there are a number of challenges that threaten identity from the inside. There is also a need to raise awareness of the importance of the Arabic language as a spoken identity, which warrants the effective involvement of language specialists in creating language policies, the establishment of Arabic as an identity formation and rooting language, the enactment of laws to protect the Arabic language, and the dedication to Arabize education. Finally, specialists and interested scholars should be involved in more comprehensive research and in-depth studies in this area, which can perhaps reduce the growing crack in the wall of the standard Arabic day after day.

Keywords: Language policy, Identity, Threats, Globalization, Language planning.
A Survey of the Yemeni Translation Market Needs
Authors: Alshargabi Eman , Al-Mekhlafi Mohammed Abdu
Published: July 2022

Academic programs have changed to become learner-centered. As such, programs are based on the competences that learners should acquire. One major source for these competences is the market. The aim of this study was to identify the translation competences needed by the Yemeni market. Drawing on recent literature, the researcher developed a questionnaire, and a total number of 50 professional translators – working in Sana’a – filled the questionnaire. It included 35 items distributed to five categories: bilingual competence, cultural competence, translation competence, instrumental competence, and strategic competence, in addition to psycho-physiological components of translators. Results revealed that all translation competences were important and needed by the market; none was marked as unimportant. Specifically, 21 of them were highly important. The highest degrees of importance were for basic skills without which translation tasks can never be done: language competence, bicultural competence, problem solving procedures, and use of dictionaries and information mining. Meanwhile, the focus –though needed – was less on the competences of interpreting and modern translation technologies which can be attributed to the difficult times  Yemen experiences currently that caused recession in the translation market.That was obvious in the lack of conferences and official activities, in additionto the lack of specialists in translation technology.
Investigating School Climate and Its Relationship to the Academic Adjustment among High School Students at the districts of Al Thawra and As-Sabeen Al Ula in Sana’a
Authors: الربيعي أحمد عبادي
Published: July 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على العلاقة بين مستوى المناخ المدرسي ومستوى التوافق الدراسي لدى طلبة المرحلة الثانوية بمدارس أمانة العاصمة صنعاء، واعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي الارتباطي، وتم استخدام مقياس المناخ المدرسي الذي أعده الباحث، ومقياس التوافق الدراسي الذي قنن على البيئة العربية، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (600) طالبِ وطالبة، تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العنقودية. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أنَّ: مستويي المناخ المدرسي والتوافق الدراسي لدى طلبة المرحلة الثانوية بمدارس أمانة العاصمة صنعاء متوسط، ووجود علاقة ارتباطية إيجابية ذات دلالة إحصائية عند (a £ 0.05) بين مستوى المناخ المدرسي ومستوى التوافق الدراسي، ووجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند (a £ 0.05) في مستوى المناخ المدرسي وفقاً لمتغير النوع لصالح الإناث، ووفقاً لمتغير نوع المدرسة لصالح طلبة المدارس الأهلية، وعدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند (a £ 0.05) في مستوى المناخ المدرسي وفقاً لمتغير التخصص، وعدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند (a £ 0.05) في مستوى التوافق الدراسي وفقاً لمتغيرات النوع والتخصص ونوع المدرسة. وأوصت الدراسة بالعمل على تحسين مستوى التوافق الدراسي من خلال تهيئة المناخ المدرسي الذي يشجع الطلبة على الجد والاجتهاد والمثابرة والانضباط وعلى الطاعة والإذعان للمدرسين والإدارة المدرسية.