bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Myocardial Infarction: Risk Factors, Pathophysiology, Classification, Assessment and Management
Authors: Awad Hegazy Abdelmonem
Published: July 2022

Myocardial infarction is a serious health problem affecting populations worldwide. Proper and prompt diagnosis and management is critical to achieving good prognosis and avoiding or reducing morbidity and mortality. It is essential for clinicians to be aware of the risks, diagnosis and treatment. In this review we aim to update and discuss knowledge of myocardial infarction with respect to risk factors, pathophysiology, types or classification, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment in a concise and simplified manner in order to define a simple comprehensive guide for clinicians. The available literature has been searched, reviewed, studied, analyzed, written in a simple understanding method, discussed and concluded. For prophylaxis, it has been found that moderate muscular exercise, regular consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits, avoidance of smoking and stress, and low consumption of fat are associated with reduced risk of coronary heart disease in populations of all age groups worldwide. The diagnosis of myocardial infarction is based primarily on evaluations of clinical features, typical abnormalities in ST-segment and T wave of ECG findings and rise in cardiac enzymes or biomarkers such as plasma troponin. At the same time, the key to treatment is reperfusion of the myocardium and restoration of coronary blood flow.
Surgical Correction of Tricuspid Component of Patients with Multi-Vessel Heartdefect.
Authors: Kh Abdumadjidov
Published: July 2022

The analysis of results of surgical correction of 326 (8%) patients with tricuspid pathology in rheumatic multi-valve heart defects. The age of our patients ranged from 12 to 74 years (mean 36.7 + 9.4). Women were 220 (67.5%), while men - 106 (32.5%). According to the degree of circulatory disorders, patients were divided according to the classification of chronic heart failure (CHF) in NYHA, where in functional class III were assigned 24 (7.4%), and to IY functional class NYHA - 302 (92.6%) patients. The clinic is the most commonly used plastic fibrous ring by De Vega. Of the 262 (80.5%) operated by the method of De Vega, at 26.9% after correction of regurgitation on tricuspid valve (TC) virtually disappeared, at 62.8% - regurgitation decreased from a low of 1 degree, and the remaining 10.3% were operated last was reduced to 2 (moderate) degree. In 8 (2.46%) cases of infective endocarditis was made "open" correction - prosthetics TC biological prosthesis. Known methods of creating a bicuspid tricuspid valve - Kay Reed Kay Boyd used in 13.4% of cases, but in recent years because of the low efficiency of data communication techniques greater preference for annuloplasty by De Vega.
Aortic Valve Endocarditis Post Ventricular Septal Defect Device Closure: Case Report
Authors: Mubarak Yasser
Published: July 2022

Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a common congenital heart disease (CHD) in childhood, and its incidence is about 20% of CHD. Surgical closure or repair is safe with acceptable results. Transcatheter VSD closure offers excellent results. Coil system is developed for transcatheter VSD occlusion. Infective endocarditis (IE) post device implantation is very rare; however, it is possible. IE represents a surgical challenge associated with perioperative mortality
Pharmacotoxicologic side effects of drugs and vaccine are affecting different diseases progression, post-COVID-19 infection
Authors: Alamdary Badlou Bahram
Published: July 2022

COVID-19 variants death rate increased above 6 million (March- 2022) and counting, even after 90% vaccines were applied, certain medications are fully used, globally. Besides, the exact mechanism of COVID-19 variants mutations and their exact mechanism is not completely elucidated yet.
Age-Related Changes in the Blood Digestive Enzyme Amylase in Pheasants (Phasianus Versicolor)) In Ontogenesis
Authors: Topchiyeva Sh.A.
Published: July 2022

The work presents age-related data on changes in the digestive enzymes of the blood in pheasants in ontogeny. The research is devoted to the artificial breeding of one of the subspecies of pheasants of our wild fauna (the emerald pheasant - Phasianus versicolor). The aim of the work was to determine the digestive enzyme amylasecontent in the blood plasma of pheasants in post-embryogenesis in comparison with the indicators in the chicks of the original line when using a complex of vitamins and anti-stress drugs. As a result of experimental studies, a change in the blood plasma digestive enzyme amylaseof pheasants from the moment of hatching and up to 2 months of age was revealed, with the complex use of vitamins (A-20000 IU, D3 -1250 IU, E-50 mg), as well as anti-stress preparations of succinic acid at a dose of 0.02 g, 0.03 g, 0.05 g per 1 kg of body weight per day. The determination of activity of the digestive enzyme amylase of the blood was carried out spectrophotometrically according to the method of Karavea, Spectrophotometer Specol 1500 (Analitik Jena), at a wavelength of 690 nm. Amylase activity indices in 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 60-day-old pheasants correspond to 517.8 ± 12.3, 402.5 ± 9.6, 273.1 ± 10.5, 161.6 ± 12.8, 254.5 ± 23.4, 210.7 ± 14.3 U/l. It was found that the activity of the enzyme in 1-day-old pheasants significantly exceeds the activity of amylase in 5, 10, 20, 30 and 60-day-old pheasants by 1.3, 1.9, 3.2, 2.0, 2.5 times, respectively.
Ionic Liquids Nitrogen-Based, Preparation, Characterization, and Application
Authors: Yasin Sahl
Published: July 2022

Nowadays Ionic Liquids (ILs) salts becomes a major class of attention due to their numerous industrial applications in various fields such as softest solvents, catalysts, batteries, wastewater treatment…etc. In this review, we highlight and present ionic liquid nitrogen-based in both aliphatic and aromatic compounds. Aliphatic based nitrogen ionic liquids are prepared from different sources like trimethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, -tripropylamine, iso-propylamine, n-tributylamine, and n-butylamine. However, to prepare aromatic based nitrogen ionic liquids, it’s better to use amidazole, Quinine, pyridine, Pyrrolidin, Pyrrol and Piperidine. A set of physicochemical methods used to characterize ionic liquids such as UV, FTIR, NMR, and TGA are used for thermal investigation. It can be seen that during ionic liquid preparation some impurities remain such as negative radical impurities. This review shows an opportunity to understand ionic liquids preparation from different sources, stability, characterization and their main application.
‘’An update on MRI of Brain of Neonates with its associated hurdles and Advancements for Analysis of Brain Morphology, Structural, Functional Connectivity and Functional Architecture for avoidance of Neuro developmental Diseases’’ -A Systematic Revie
Authors: Kochar Kaur Kulvinder
Published: July 2022

What is the method by which the generation of unbelievable cognitive capacity in addition to its working with the utilization of intellect.?What is the reason for5-10% adults for the generation of neurodevelopmental diseases or conditions like autism or dyslexia?For receipt of answers to these queries needs a greater insight in the context of the way human brain formation takes place in early stages . Studies with regards to models have not been adequate in view of variability of human species generation in contrast to other mammals in view of short time period of pregnancy in contrast to the duration amongst birth along with early adult period. Despite the brain of the newborn possesses an early along with comparative organization it being immature contributes to the postnatal modeling secondary to numerous experiences along with learning which the newborn infant’s exposure takes place. Furthermore the generating brain demonstrate a great plasticity subsequent to getting disrupted specifically with regards to the networks whose maturity takes place late at the time of childhood.
Covid-19 Pandemic: Is it a Challenge or Opportunity for Pharmaceutical Industry around the Globe?
Authors: Vijay Kotra
Published: July 2022

In this opinion article, authors emphasized the role of pharmaceutical industries or organizations, the way forward to deal efficiently with pandemics such as covid-19 and various aspects of supply chain management are discussed so as to reach the vaccine to the last end user.
Mini-Review on Haemovigilance: An Indian Perspective
Authors: Sadique Hussain Md
Published: July 2022

Haemovigilance is considered to be the collection of monitoring measures that encompass the entire transfusions process ranging from monitoring of blood to the prevention of blood-related disease. The term hemovigilance originated from the word pharmacovigilance, which comprises operations and methods to gather intelligence valuable in overseeing pharmaceutical goods, particularly adverse drug responses in humans, and to scientifically assess such data. This follows the reporting system which includes the enhancement of patient safety. It also includes learning from failures that result in certain system changes and thus prevents the associated errors. It also includes all key parties and organizes numerous operations among blood banks, transfusion facilities, and hospital caregivers. The majority of affluent nations now use Haemovigilance to track adverse responses and occurrences connected with blood donation and transfusion. This minireview sheds the light on an overview of haemovigilance from an Indian perspective.
Teachers Strategies in Strengthening Character Education Based on Islamic Values in Online Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mawardi Imam , Raharjo Arif Budi , Fahm Abdul Gafar Olawale
Published: July 2022

Character education based on Islamic values is one of the significant challenges teachers face in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a crucial problem due to the numerous problems associated with the internalization of character in students. Therefore, this research aims to determine teachers' strategies to strengthen character education and the obstacles in online learning. It was carried out in Muhammadiyah Alternative Middle School (Mutual) Magelang City, Central Java Province, Indonesia. This is descriptive qualitative research with data collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The collected data were analyzed based on teachers’ strategies in mapping the characterization of values, character analysis developed and providing solutions to the problems that arise. The results obtained the strategies developed by the teacher in strengthening character education are performed through (1) learning method innovation, (2) exemplary, (3) habituation, (4) reinforcement and sanctions, and (5) assessment. In conclusion, these strategies effectively strengthen the character values of students, including religiosity, nationalism, integrity, independence, and mutual cooperation.
Impact of traditional home garden on socioeconomy across altitudinal gradient of Mon District in Nagaland
Authors: Konyak Tamngam , Kumar Hemant , Kumari Ragini , Umrao Rajiv
Published: July 2022

Concept of home garden is very common in the hilly area of north eastern part of India and play a crucial role in livelihood, economy and biological diversity conservation. The present study aims to study of the home garden in three different altitudinal ranges in Mon district of Nagaland with the prime objective about the socioeconomic status of existing home garden, distribution and the variety of products and their local uses. The household was selected as a sampling unit of study. Data was gathered through a structured interview covering 60 households, 20 from each village. The home gardens across the altitudes were studied in detail in order to ascertain the roles played by these gardens in the socio-economic context. The survey comprises of 47 plant species from 29 different families. Cucumis sativa (28%) was recorded to contribute the highest to the total annual income in the high altitude followed by Capsicum chinensis (25%) whereas; Abelmoschus esculentus (5%) contributed the least. Parkia timoriana (33%) was recorded to contribute the highest to the total annual income in the high altitude followed by Sechium edule (21%) whereas; Rhus semialata (2%) contributed the least. Camellia sinensis (40%) was recorded to contribute the highest to the total annual income in the high altitude followed by Areca catechu (31%) whereas, Zingiber officinale (5%) contributed the least. The economic analysis of home gardens across varying altitudes shows that home gardens in low altitudes were valued more than the ones in the mid hills and highlands. The total yield in larger gardens was higher than in medium and small gardens, but the yield per unit area was higher in small gardens and dropped as garden size increased. In many cases, the family's financial situation was improved by the home gardens, which provided additional revenue while also contributing to social and cultural improvement
CRYPTO ART: A NEW ERA IN ART VS ADVENTURE CHALLENGE
Authors: Habrel Taras
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the article is to consider the current phenomenon of crypto art from an artistic point of view. The research methodology includes historical, art studies, and comparative analysis. The scientific novelty of the article is that the fact of the emergence and development of a new phenomenon that attracts the attention of an increasing number of artists has been established, and a systematic analysis of its existing challenges and advantages over the traditional art market has been carried out. Conclusions. We are at the beginning of a multi-year process. The trend is gaining momentum, increasingly drawing humanity into a technological singularity, where, on the one hand, the war in all its forms and manifestations does not end, and on the other — the synergy of passionaries opens up new unprecedented horizons for joint creative work and monetisation of their artistic skills. The popularisation of NFT by a “magical” force has attracted the attention of independent creators to new communication channels and the formation of new decentralised communities, which usually demonstrate a high level of cooperation and culture in general. Digital art has rarely received as much attention as it does now. The NFTs may disappear, but the critical dialogue they have created will remain in our collective memory, and the value and legitimacy they have brought to digital art through this conversation may have changed their social perception forever. The new paradigm first of all emphasises that “value” as a property and characteristic of objects or phenomena in modern conditions is increasingly determined not by the past, but by the future. This is what determines the “paradigm shift” — the present in the future is much more important than the traditional in the past.
INNOVATORY CONSERVATISM IN ULTRA-ORTHODOX TYPOGRAPHY IN ISRAEL
Authors: Grossman Efrat
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the article is to explore the differences in perceptions and approaches to typographic design among the various communities that make up Haredi society. In general, the shape of the letter will be affected by the division between religious and non-religious genres, as well as by the intra-Haredi social division between “Hasidim” and “Lithuanians”, the two dominant groups that make up the Haredi society, whose lifestyles differ in several areas. The proposed article is an additional tier to previous studies and investigates the Hebrew letter and its role in the world of journalism as conveying a message in the social-educationalideological context, even without referring to what is actually written. The study reveals and deciphers the power struggles and relations that exist in the ultra-Orthodox world through the images and through the mechanisms activated through them and their results, as part of the visual culture. The research methodology is based on the integrated use of general scientific methods: analytical, systematic, historical, and comparative. Conclusions. The daily and weekly Haredi press is considered as something that “under the circumstances” is needed and yet is a major player in the Haredi visual world. The Ashkenazi Haredi press is divided into defined sectors. The newspapers of the Hassidic communities preserve a long-standing typographic, advertising, intra-community tradition, based on the design style of Jewish newspapers from early twentieth-century Europe. The newspapers of the Lithuanian communities reflect the character of the public who read them, who are more modern in their lifestyle. Even though there is strict control over the content, these newspapers reflect modernism in their typographic layout and letter style selection. The newspapers in both groups undergo strict editing in both content and form, and their respective rabbinical councils work hard to adapt them to their respective readership. The choice of letter, colour, and composition are borrowed, among other things, from the world of clothing, which has many rules, and reflects what is happening within the community. The differences between the Hasidic and Lithuanian groups are evident in their attitude to the visual elements in the various types of printing and advertising. The Haredi public are proficient readers and are aware of the subtleties of the shape and size of the letter from an early age. Therefore, the letter serves both as content and form, and its use in the visual world is varied. In addition to being a tool for content, the letter will be used for an image, a Hebrew date, gematria and to create an atmosphere of sacred or secular, depending on the typographic choice.
Motivation for Self-learning as a Condition for the Professional Competencies Formation
Authors: Baida Ihor , Mironov Volodymyr , Miatenko Nataliia
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the article is to consider the main components of motivation in learning and identify ways to increase the cognitive motivation of students to self-education; to characterize the process of improving the training of future professionals in modern education and the concept of motivating students to self-education.
The research methodology consists of a systematic approach, principles of scientific and pedagogical research and pedagogical observation, as well as methods of systematization and generalization (to understand the set of factors, mechanisms and processes, covering the concept of motivation; analysis of basic concepts of motivating students to self-education).
The scientific novelty is to determine ways to form the motivation of cognitive independence as a dynamic process that determines human behaviour.
Conclusions. The concept of motivation covers a set of factors, mechanisms, and processes that stimulate the emergence of real or potentially directed activity, particularly the formation of motivation for self-learning. It is emphasized that the scientific-cognitive motive contributes to a high level of independence in a person who does not need external stimuli. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the methodology of increasing students’ cognitive motivation for self-education, considering motivation as a process of motivating action to achieve a certain goal. It is proved that the ways of forming cognitive independence can be ways of mastering educational material, the order of staffing students in groups, the relationship between motive and purpose, the availability and accessibility of educational and methodological support, the use of interactive technologies, creating a problem situation and finding solutions, procedural theory of expectation, organization of motivational effect, as well as introspection methods, game technologies, psychological and pedagogical training, methodical means of communicative attack, proof and persuasion, suggestion, overcoming obstacles, delegation, consolidating positive impressions, solving problems through dialogic conversation, the use of interactive technologies.
Use of Augmented Reality Technologies in Modern Media Libraries
Authors: Khrusch Svitlana
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the study is to review the possible application of augmented reality technologies in modern media libraries and to argue the feasibility of using innovative developments in creating an updated information space for libraries.
The research methodology is based on analysing existing innovative technologies used in libraries to modernize the media space, particularly the ways of applying augmented reality during the transformation of information centres in the media library.
Scientific novelty. The paper presents an overview of existing ways of applying augmented reality technology in the information space organisation of modern media libraries, as well as offers new technological ways of library development and gives examples of AR use not only to promote reading or reference.
Conclusions. The use of augmented reality technology in the development of media libraries is not a completely new trend. Everyone has long been familiar with augmented reality books, fairy tales, and educational materials. Nor is it an absolute innovation to use AR in research. Accepting today’s challenges, the library should not remain for all a common book depository, the only innovation where there is the use of modern digital technologies to access the resources of the collection. Due to the progress of the information society, the transformation of the library into a media library involves the creation of a radically new information space, which will provide a variety of information needs of users: from education to travel planning. This approach inevitably requires the use of digital technologies, including virtual and augmented reality technologies. The article considers various ways of using AR technologies, as well as the results of a student survey to create an innovative library space.
Biological Hydrogen Gas Production from Food Waste as a Sustainable Fuel for Future Transportation
Authors:   California State University, Long Beach, Asvapathanagul Pitiporn , Deocampo Leanne ,   California State University, Long Beach, Banuelos Nicholas ,   California State University, Long Beach
Published: July 2022

In the global search for the right alternative energy sources for a more sustainable future, hydrogen production has stood out as a strong contender. Hydrogen gas (H2) is well-known as one of the cleanest and most sustainable energy sources, one that mainly yields only water vapor as a byproduct. Additionally, H2 generates triple the amount of energy compared to hydrocarbon fuels. H2 can be synthesized from several technologies, but currently only 1% of H2 production is generated from biomass. Biological H2 production generated from anaerobic digestion is a fraction of the 1%. This study aims to enhance biological H2 production from anaerobic digesters by increasing H2 forming microbial abundance using batch experiments. Carbon substrate availability and conversion in the anaerobic processes were achieved by chemical oxygen demand and volatile fatty acids analysis. The capability of the matrix to neutralize acids in the reactors was assessed using alkalinity assay, and ammonium toxicity was monitored by ammonium measurements. H2 content was also investigated throughout the study. The study's results demonstrate two critical outcomes, (i) food waste as substrate yielded the highest H2 gas fraction in biogas compared to other substrates fed (primary sludge, waste activated sludge and mixed sludge with or without food waste), and (ii) under normal operating condition of anaerobic digesters, increasing hydrogen forming bacterial populations, including Clostridium spp., Lactococcus spp. and Lactobacillus spp. did not prolong biological H2 recovery due to H2 being taken up by other bacteria for methane (CH4) formation. Our experiment was operated under the most optimal condition for CH4 formation as suggested by wastewater operational manuals. Therefore, CH4-forming bacteria possessed more advantages than other microbial populations, including H2-forming groups, and rapidly utilized H2 prior to methane synthesis. This study demonstrates H2 energy renewed from food waste anaerobic digestion systems delivers opportunities to maximize California’s cap-and-trade program through zero carbon fuel production and utilization.
Analyzing the Use and Impacts of Oakland Slow Streets and Potential Scalability Beyond Covid-19
Authors:   San Jose State University, Douglas Gordon , Moore David ,   San Jose State University
Published: July 2022

This report presents the results of a mixed-methods study of the 2020-2022 Oakland Slow Streets program. An official response to the Covid-19 pandemic, the program used signs and temporary barricades to limit thru-traffic on 21 miles of city streets to create more and safer space for walking, cycling, and outdoor recreation. Researchers collected data throughout the summer of 2021 on seven designated slow streets plus one cross street and one control street for each – a total of 21 street segments representing conditions in seven different neighborhoods across Oakland. Data collection comprised in-person passerby counts, observations and photographs of local conditions, and logged traffic speed data. Findings vary widely across study sites. In certain cases, observed slow streets saw less car traffic or more bicycle/pedestrian use than one or both of their comparison streets, and in at least one case the slow street was clearly embraced by the local community and used as planners intended; in others the slow street was no different than neighboring streets. The study draws on these findings to identify local conditions that seem likely to make slow treet treatments more or less successful. However, acknowledging that all neighborhoods deserve safer streets and greater outdoor recreational opportunities, the authors argue that better community outreach must be implemented to ensure areas not predisposed to make full use of slow streets can have the opportunity to do so. The study also makes suggestions regarding the potential for rapid, low-cost bike and pedestrian street safety improvements going forward.
Blockchain and Distributed Autonomous Community Ecosystems: Opportunities to Democratize Finance and Delivery of Transport, Housing, Urban Greening and Community Infrastructure
Authors:   University of San Francisco, Riggs William , Vyas Vipul ,   University of San Francisco, Sethi Menka ,   Mineta Transportation Institute
Published: July 2022

This report investigates and develops specifications for using blockchain and distributed organizations to enable decentralized delivery and finance of urban infrastructure. The project explores use cases, including: providing urban greening, street or transit infrastructure; services for street beautification, cleaning and weed or graffiti abatement; potential ways of resource allocation ADU; permitting and land allocation; and homeless housing. It establishes a general process flow for this blockchain architecture, which involves: 1) the creation of blocks (transactions); 2) sending these blocks to nodes (users) on the network for an action (mining) and then validation that that action has taken place; and 3) then adding the block to the blockchain. These processes involve the potential for creating new economic value for cities and neighborhoods through proof-of-work, which can be issued through a token (possibly a graphic non-fungible token), certificate, or possible financial reward. We find that encouraging trading of assets at the local level can enable the creation of value that could be translated into sustainable “mining actions” that could eventually provide the economic backstop and basis for new local investment mechanisms or currencies (e.g., local cryptocurrency). These processes also provide an innovative local, distributed funding mechanism for transportation, housing and other civic infrastructure.
The Concept of Generalised Syllabi of the Discipline «Foreign Language» for Non-Linguistics Major Courses of Study
Authors: Bazhutina M. M. , Tsepilova A. V.
Published: July 2022

The paper raises the issue of the relevance of creating generalized syllabi for each enlarged group of majors, when teaching linguistic disciplines of compulsory and optional parts of the curriculum related to the subject area «Foreign Language». The authors show the need for generalized syllabi as being grounded by existing controversies in modern foreign language training. The paper suggests a concept that substantiates the demand for targeted generalized syllabi for this discipline and contains a number of principles, which can help to design their optimal content. The notions of «zones of near and further content and competence integration» are introduced. The content of these zones is revealed, and their role in modelling the key components of generalized syllabi is shown. Integrated foreign language professional communicative competence of an engineering graduate is introduced as a prospective model of foreign language competence. It is regarded as an integrative notion combining traditional components of communicative competence with professional knowledge, skills and experience involved in the process of mastering cross-cultural professional communication. The realization of the concept principles in the content of generalized syllabi aims at the reflection of university graduates’ real foreign language communication needs in their professional activity in learning outcomes in accordance with the FSES HE 3 ++. The authors express certainty that the concept of generalized syllabi will allow to initiate the process of their creation and will become a stimulus to the development of foreign language teaching methodology in a non-linguistics university.
Technical University Teacher Competences in Russia and Abroad
Authors: Polyakova T. Yu. , Prikhodko V. M.
Published: July 2022

“Education 4.0” should be consistent with the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The reforms of engineering education as its component require new competences of technical university teachers who are responsible for these reforms and as a result, trigger the improvement of further teachers’ professional development programs to train them for that. Such a program is also one of the aims of the project “Effective training model of technical discipline lecturers for the purpose of obtaining “International Educator of Engineering University” certificate – “ING-PAED IGIP”. It is realized by Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI) that was recognized as a Federal Innovative Platform in 2020.

The project is aimed at designing an additional program intended to develop technical university teachers’ competences that are, on the one hand, relevant to the needs of Russian higher school, and, on the other hand, correspond to the requirements for applying for the title «ING-PAED IGIP» of the International Society for Engineering Pedagogy (IGIP). In order to achieve that it is necessary to identify if technical university teachers’ competences that are relevant in Russia correspond the competences determined in IGIP.

In order to solve this problem, the authors undertook comparative analysis of the competencies registered in two documents: RF Professional Standard “Pedagogue of professional teaching, professional education and additional professional education” and the Fourth IGIP Prototype Curriculum.

The paper specifies the notion of technical university teacher competence for the research, validates the possibility of the two documents comparison, describes the procedure of comparative analysis on the basis of compiling summary tables.

The paper also gives the main conclusions of the comparative analysis. It proves that RF Professional Standard covers all the competences required by Fourth IGIP Prototype Curriculum. RF Professional Standard registers teachers’ actions more distinctly, consistently, and with more details. The research revealed the competences relevant for Russian higher education, but not necessary for IGIP. The research also allowed to formulate preliminary recommendations for designing additional teachers’ professional development program in the MADI project.
Artificial Intelligence in Engineering Education
Authors: Levin B. A. , Piskunov A. A. , Poliakov V. Yu. , Savin A. V.
Published: July 2022

Due to the growing interest in artificial intelligence in recent years, teaching this discipline to students of applied technical specialties is becoming relevant. Despite the formation of this scientific direction for almost 70 years, there is still no clear understanding of the terminology of this science, its tasks at the present stage and its application in engineering education. Moreover, the artificial intelligence terminology often misleads students. The article examines the current situation with the development of ideas related artificial intelligence, the possibility of its using in engineering education. Based on the analysis of the real possibilities of artificial intelligence, the actual content of education in the discipline of “Artificial intelligence in transport construction” is determined. The article focuses on users of artificial intelligence, not developers. The authors consider the competencies of a specialist that can be formed during the study of the above indicated discipline, as well as new relevant competencies that are necessary for a specialist in connection with the wide dissemination of artificial intelligence in the conditions of his/her professional activity. The functional model of artificial intelligence used in teaching students how to interact with it is considered. The article gives the examples of tasks solved by students today with the help of artificial intelligence technology during trial training.
Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Training Indicators According to the Results of Russian Universities Monitoring
Authors: Ryabko T. V. , Gurtov V. A. , Stepus I. S.
Published: July 2022

Artificial intelligence (hereinafter referred to as AI) is currently an area of strategic importance and a key technology ensuring a new digital economy development in Russia. Qualified AI specialist's training plays an important role in achieving ambitious AI-related goals as stated in government documents. The article presents survey results of more than 200 Russian universities, which enabled to create indicators characterizing both current and planned training volumes of AI specialists.

According to the research results, Russian universities have responded quickly to the AI market development. Since 2019, they have been enrolling students at AI learning programs by intensifying training volumes annually. More than half of all AI learning programs are implemented within the «09.00.00 Informatics and Computer Science» and «01.00.00 Mathematics and Mechanics» majors/ specialties. AI specialist training in Russian universities is largely carried out at the expense of budgetary funds. The number of students enrolled at the AI learning programs is much higher for the bachelor programs.

The specialists’ graduation in AI-related education programs was evaluated until the year 2025. The authors have also analyzed the best foreign practice in AI specialists training and proposed some measures to increase training volumes of AI specialists at Russian universities, for example, re-orienting higher education programs in the IT field at AI-related technologies. It is important that AI learning programs take into account recruitment needs projection in terms of training volumes and skills profiles.
Lecture Transformation in Modern Higher Education
Authors: Ibragimov G. I. , Kalimullina A. A.
Published: July 2022

The relevance of the topic stems from the contradiction between the experience accumulated by higher school in adapting lecture as a form of organization of education to the new conditions of education functioning and the insufficient attention of researchers to analyzing this experience. The purpose of the study was to identify the role, place and directions of the lecture transformation in modern higher education. To achieve it, a meta-analysis of publications on the topic over the past ten years was carried out (2011–2021). In total, 52 scientific articles published in peer-reviewed leading domestic pedagogical journals and other scientific and methodological publications were analyzed. The selection of articles for analysis was carried out by the presence of the keyword “lecture” in the article title.

The results of the study show that despite the wide variety and general availability of information and communication sources the lecture cannot be supplanted in the system of higher education, but new demands have been placed on it, as its role in the system of higher education changes. The authors have identified the main requirements for a modern lecture, namely problem setting, structure flexibility, focus on dialogic forms of communication with students, effective feedback. The leading trend in the development of lectures in a modern university is a combination of scientific character, information value and high professionalism inherited from traditional lectures with dialogue and a variety of lecture types, an increase in interactivity to enhance the educational and communication activities of students. It has been established that the transformation of a lecture in modern higher education goes in the following directions: organizational-content, functional-structural, and communication. The authors dwell on the content of each direction and propose prospective areas for further research.
Effect of acupuncture on long-term outcomes in patients with post-stroke dysphagia
Authors: Yao Lulu , Liang Wei , Du Xin , Chen Yujing , Huang Xiaobo
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Acupuncture has been used to treat patients with post-stroke neurological dysfunction. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our observational study was to observe the long-term efficacy of acupuncture and investigate whether the acupuncture treatment could short the recovery time of patients with post-stroke dysphagia. METHODS: Medical records were reviewed to select patients who met the inclusion criteria for post-stroke dysphagia. Exposure factor was defined as received acupuncture during inpatient. Clinical data were obtained at the 6-month follow-up. The primary outcome was the time to improve the score of Food Intake Level Scale (FILS, 0–10) by 3 grades. Cox regression models were used to assess the relationship between acupuncture and recovery of dysphagia. RESULTS: In acupuncture group, the median time to achieve clinical improvement of dysphagia was 97 days (95% CI, 93–124) compared with 119 days (95% CI, 108–145) in control group, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (HR = 1.48; 95% CI 1.14–1.92; P = 0.003). At 6 months, 78 patients (60.5%) in acupuncture group reached excellent function and 61 patients (47.3%) in control group (RR = 1.28; 95% CI, 1.02–1.62; P = 0.045). 106 patients (82.2%) in acupuncture group achieved favorable function and 91 patients (70.5%) in control group (RR = 1.17; 95% CI, 1.02–1.35; P = 0.039). The outcome of adjusted multivariable Cox regression models showed that there was a difference in the recovery time of dysphagia between groups, HR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.34–2.39. The rates of adverse events were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Acupuncture can promote the recovery of post-stroke dysphagia, and has a better long-term efficacy. Besides, it can reduce the degree of disability and improve the quality of life.
Types of demands and well-being in correctional officers: The protective role of psychological capital
Authors: Okros Norberth , Vîrgă Delia , Lazăr Theofild-Andrei
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Correctional officers’ personal resources, such as psychological capital (PsyCap), may help them better manage their work environment in the penitentiary; however, there is limited research on the relationship between indicators of well-being and types of demands in this cohort and whether this relationship depends on PsyCap. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine three types of demands (job, personal, and group) and the effect of each on three indicators of low well-being: burnout, physical and mental health complaints. We also tested the potential moderating role of PsyCap in the relationship between the three types of demands and indicators of well-being. METHODS: The potential moderating role of personal resources (PsyCap) between demands and well-being was tested via hierarchical multiple regression on a sample of 350 correctional officers. RESULTS: Results show that psychological capital attenuates the effect of personal distress and negative team relationships on all three indicators of low well-being. Psychological capital also moderates the relation between work-family conflict and mental health complaints. However, it does not act as a moderator between work-family conflict and burnout or physical health complaints. CONCLUSIONS: The findings are of value because they emphasize the importance of psychological capital, as a personal and malleable resource, for the occupational health of correctional officers.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of schoolteachers towards students with epilepsy in Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Basri Rehana , Alruwaili Mubarak , Alruwaili Raed , Alrashed Kholoud , Alshammari Afaf , Alshammari Samar , Alruwaili Gharam , Alruwail Hajar , Alrashed Faisal
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is a common disorder in which brain activity becomes abnormal that causes recurrent seizures or periods of jerky movement of the whole body. Immediately after a seizure, people are often transiently confused, weak and unable to communicate. OBJECTIVE: This study assesses the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of school teachers towards an epileptic child. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among primary and secondary school teachers from different schools in Sakaka, Domat Al-Jandal, Al-Qurayyat, Tabarjal Northern region of Aljouf, Saudi Arabia. They were assessed on their KAP toward students with epilepsy using a self-administrated questionnaire. RESULTS: 306 respondents participated and completed the questionnaire. The practice was poor among the teachers. Practice scores were significantly different among the male and female teachers. Teachers would do the following to the seizing child: 159 (52%) would pull the child’s tongue out (p-value 0.012), 66 (21.6%) would put a spoon in the mouth (p-value 0.055), 43 (14.1%) would remove any tight clothes (p-value 0.009) and 244 (79.7 %) would take the child to the hospital (p-value 0.029). There were significant differences among senior teachers and those with longer years of teaching experience: 83.6% of teachers with > 20 years of teaching experience think that the student with epilepsy has no need of a special classroom (P = 0.053), 89.6% of those with > 20 years of teaching experience said that they did not move the child during seizure in comparison with less years of teaching experience (p = 0.048), in which 97% of those with experience > 20 years said that they would ensure normal breathing (p = 0.015). CONCLUSION: The majority of Aljouf schoolteachers were adequately knowledgeable about students with epilepsy, but they need more information about the correct way of practice towards the student with epilepsy.
Construction sector joint health and safety committees: Can their effectiveness be assessed using the JHSC assessment eTool?
Authors: Nichol Kathryn , Ruco Arlinda , Holness D. Linn
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Joint health and safety committees (JHSCs) are a legal requirement for most Ontario workplaces. However, few evidence-based tools exist to assess JHSC effectiveness. The JHSC Assessment eTool has been developed and tested in the healthcare and education sectors with positive results. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to test the usability and feasibility of the JHSC Assessment eTool in the construction sector. METHODS: Testing was carried out in two phases using a non-experimental study design. In the first phase, construction sector health and safety experts reviewed the content of the eTool to ensure that it had relevance for the sector. In phase two, a convenience sample of JHSCs from construction sector workplaces were recruited to pilot the eTool and provide feedback. RESULTS: Feedback from six constructor sector health and safety experts and six JHSC committees indicated that the eTool had value and relevance for use in the sector. Additionally, our study identified several minor areas for refinement including the addition of construction-specific resources in the final report. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study suggest minor modifications to the eTool for use by construction sector workplaces.
Development and validation of an individual job performance questionnaire (IJPQ)
Authors: Abbasi Milad , Monazzam Mohammad Reza , Karanika-Murray Maria , Shamsipour Mansour , Arabalibeik Hossein
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Developing reliable tools to tap into all the behavioral dimensions of individual job performance and identifying the right sub-dimensions is necessary for both research and practice. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at developing and validating an IJPQ that addresses shortcomings of existing questionnaires. METHODS: After a comprehensive systematic literature review, a framework consisting of four dimensions, including task performance (TP), contextual performance (CP), counterproductive work behavior (CWB), and adaptive performance (AP) was structured for measuring IJP. As well, 45 sub-dimensions were identified for measuring IJP’s dimensions. Content and face validity were evaluated, and item impact score (IS), content validity index (CVI), Kappa, and content validity ratio (CVR) were calculated. For reliability and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), 525 workers completed the validated questionnaire and Cronbach alpha and goodness of fit indexes were determined, respectively. RESULTS: Of the 62 items generated to measure dimensions, 53 were approved. Based on item-level CVI, of the 53 items, only 45 items were accepted. Finally, the results of item level CVR led to the extraction of 27 questions to evaluate IJP. The obtained scale level CVI and scale level CVR were 0.91 and 0.68, respectively. Based on the results obtained from 525 Iranian workers, values of Cronbach’s Alpha, X2/df, RMSEA, and P-value were in the acceptable range. CONCLUSIONS: Conclusively, a questionnaire containing 20 items was developed and validated for measuring IJP of Iranian worker’s culture. The four dimensions of TP, CO, CWB, and AP consisted of 6, 5, 5, and 4 items each, respectively. Overall, IJPQ is a theory-based, reliable, and valid instrument for assessing job performance.