bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VARIETAL DIFFERENCES OF POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANCE IN MELON
Authors: SUGIYAMA Keita , KANNO Tsuguo
Published: April 2024

Varietal tests of powdery mildew resistance in melon were performed in glass house in 1992, by using of susceptible varieties(S), resistant varieties in Japan(R1) and an American resistant line and its related lines(R2).

The first test(August): S type was infected the most severely with powdery mildew on both cotyledon and true leaves, followed by R1 type. On the other hand, R2 type showed slight or no symptom on those.

The second test(September): R1 type was infected with powdery mildew on cotyledon. Most of S type and R2 type showed slight or no symptom on it. In true leaves, S type and R1 type was infected severely with powdery mildew derived from melon, but most of R2 type showed resistance to it. When powdery mildew derived from watermelon inoculated on a true leaf, the varietal differences of resistance showed similar ones as it done from melon.

These results suggest that the new line of powdery mildew may appear in Japan.
POLLEN VIABILITY AND FRUIT SET OF HEAT-TOLERANT AND -SENSITIVE TOMATO GENOTYPES UNDER OPTIMUM AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE REGIMES
Authors: Abdul-Baki Aref , Stommel John R.
Published: April 2024

Heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive tomato (Lycopersicon esculemum Mill.) genotypes were grown in the greenhouse under optimum and high temperature stress regimes. Levels of heat tolerance in the genotypes were established by determining percent fruit set under the high temperature regime. Under optimum temperature, fruit set in the heat-sensitive genotypes ranged from 41 to 54% and in the heat-tolerant genotypes from 45 to 91%. Under high temperature, no fruit set was observed in the heat-sensitive genotypes whereas, fruit set in the heat-tolerant genotypes ranged from 5 to 64 %. In vitro germination and pollen tube growth of pollen taken from genotypes grown under optimum temperature conditions were determined before and after subjecting the pollen to 45C for 1, 2, and 4 hours. Pollen viability of heat tolerant genotypes was less affected by heat treatment than that of most heat sensitive genotypes. The results suggest that environmental factors independent of temperature may also influence pollen viability.
EVALUATION OF PAKISTANI APRICOT GERMPLASM FOR POTENTIAL AS BREEDING MATERIAL OR CULTIVARS IN THE CENTRAL SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY
Authors: Ledbetter Craig A. , Burgos Lorenzo
Published: April 2024

Prunus armeniaca L. germplasm, collected in Pakistan during 1988, is being evaluated for important horticultural characteristics. The study involves trees from 33 open-pollinated families planted at the Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory in Fresno, CA. Flowering season and fruit ripe dates for individual trees and families are being recorded. Important fruit characteristics measured include: fruit size and shape, skin over-color, total soluble solids and flesh pressure, fruit yield and eating quality. Evaluations of commercial apricot cultivars have been included as a source of comparison.
INHERITANCE AND RELIABILITY OF RAPD MARKERS IN MAPPING AND GENETIC DISTANCE STUDIES IN PEACH
Authors: Pooler M.R. , Scorza R.
Published: April 2024

Because of the sensitive nature of the RAPD-PCR procedure, it has often been difficult to assess the inheritance of RAPD markers for mapping or genetic distance studies. Genetic analysis of RAPDs can be further complicated by the fact that markers are transmitted in a dominant fashion. Using six doubled haploid and therefore completely homozygous peach parental lines and seven F1 populations resulting from crosses of these parents, we found that some RAPD markers did not follow expected inheritance patterns. Specifically, bands present in parents were not transmitted to the progeny. This phenomenon occurred in approximately 5% of the parent/progeny and primers tested. Although it is not clear whether these patterns are the result of as yet unexplained maternal or somatic effects in the peach or artifacts of the RAPD-PCR process, these results indicate that RAPD markers should be used cautiously in peach mapping and genetic diversity studies.
BUD FRUITFULLNESS OF VINEYARDS IN THE NORTHWEST OF MEXICO.
Authors: Martínez-Díaz Gerardo , Grijalva-Contreras Raúl , Robles-Contreras Fabián
Published: April 2024

In order to determine bud frutifullness of vineyards a survey was performed from 1990 to 1993 in Caborca, Son., Méx. Fruitfullness of Thompson Seedless vineyards for raisin and wine production was higher than 30% and those for table grape production was lower than 20%. Canes of table grape vineyard (T. Seedless) strongly affected by bud necrosis had a fruitfullness lower than 10% from“eye” 1 to 21 and higher than 20% from “eye” 25 to 37. Fruitfullness of Perlette and Flame Seedless usually varied from 50 to 90% even when some vineyards showed lower percentages. In all cases, bud analysis was performed in the primary dormant bud from each “eye”.
WATER POTENTIAL AND CELL TURGOR OF STRAWBERRY FRUIT ARE INFLUENCED BY RIPENING.
Authors: Pomper Kirk W. , Breen Patrick J.
Published: April 2024

Since large ripe strawberry fruit lose water faster than smaller unripe fruit, ripening fruit may out-compete unripe fruit for water within an inflorescence and thereby reduce yields. Xylem water potential (ψ) of greenhouse-grown `Brighton' fruit, at different stages of development, was measured with a pressure chamber during mid-afternoon. Large ripe and medium sized green-white fruit within an inflorescence had a more negative ψ than small green fruit. This suggests that small green fruit have a lower priority for xylem water moving into a strawberry inflorescence. Large ripe and small green fruit within an inflorescence had positive cell turgor (about 300 KPa), whereas turgor of medium sized green-white fruit was near zero, suggesting that these latter fruit were encountering greater water stress. When competing fruit on an inflorescence were removed, the calculated cell turgor was very similar to fruit with competition. Cell turgor of strawberry fruit is greatly influenced by developmental stage; this may moderate effects caused by water loss from neighboring fruit on an inflorescence.
THE CONTROL OF PRIMULA FLOWER INITIATION BY TEMPERATURE, PHOTOPERIOD, AND DAILY IRRADIANCE
Authors: Karlsson Meriam G. , Hanscom Jan T.
Published: April 2024

The number of days required for flower initiation (FI) in Primula vulgaris Huds. `Dania Lemon Yellow' was determined under growing conditions in the ranges of 8 to 20C, 8 to 14 hours photoperiod (PP) and 2 to 18 mol· day-1m-2 photosynthetic photon flux. Germination and early seedling development occurred at 16C, 11 hours PP and 10 mol· day-1m-2. The environment was changed four weeks after seeding to the experimental conditions and the study initiated. FI was defined to have occurred when the first change from a vegetative to a reproductive meristem was detected using scanning electron microscopy. The observed number of days from transplant to FI varied from an average 201 days at 8C, 8 hours PP and 2 mol· day-1m-2 to 28 days at 16C, 14 hours PP and 10 mol· day-1m-2. Based on the functional relationship developed to describe the interactions among temperature, PP and PPF, the optimum conditions within the studied ranges for fastest primula FI were 13C, 14 hour PP and 11 mol· day-1m-2.
PREDICTION OF POINSETTIA CROP DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Branch Patricia C. , O'Rourke E.N. , Wilson P.W.
Published: April 2024

Temperature is most often used to control the progress of a poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd.) crop after flower initiation, but lack of good temperature control can make crop timing difficult. Degree-day summations are used to monitor and predict developmental stages of many crops. The objective was to determine whether degree-days can be used to predict poinsettia crop development. Dates of occurrence of first bract color and anthesis were observed for `Gutbier V-14 Glory' and `Annette Hegg Dark Red' poinsettia plants for 3 years. Total degree-day accumulation was read from an electronic instrument each day dates were recorded. There was a high level of consistency in the degree-day values, suggesting that degree-day accumulations offer a means of monitoring crop progress and of calculating temperature regimes so that plants finish on time.
NIGHT TEMPERATURE, PPF, AND DURATION OF LONG DAY TREATMENT EFFECTS ON FLOWERING IN TWO GYPSOPHILA CULTIVARS
Authors: Hicklenton Peter R. , Newman Suzie M. , Davies Lindsay J.
Published: April 2024

Winter greenhouse production of perennial baby's breath (Gypsophila paniculata L.) is hampered by short daylength, low PPF and low temperatures. Flowering of the popular cultivar `Bristol Fairy'(BF) can be improved by supplemental assimilation lighting, but the costs are rarely justifiable. `Bridal Veil' (BV) is a new cultivar with similar flower morphology to BF. BF and BV were grown under long day (LD) conditions at 8, 12, 16 and 20C night (20C day) and either 450 or 710 μmol s-1 m-2 in controlled environments. Most BF plants failed to lower at 8C in both PPF. Nearly all BV plants flowered irrespective of growth conditions. Flower yield decreased with night temperature in BF but was greatest at 8 or 12C in BV. BF required more LD cycles (>56) than BV for maximum stem elongation and flower yield. Termination of LD conditions before the start of inflorescence expansion resulted in reduced yields in all plants.
EFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENTAL LIGHTING AND PLANT DENSITY ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF STOCK AND GODETIA
Authors: Gagnon Serge , Dansereau Blanche
Published: April 2024

Seeds of Matthiola incana `Pink Appleblossom' and `Miracle Crimson'(stock) and Godetia Whitneyi `Grace Rose Pink'(godetia) were sown into 200 unit plug trays containing Pro-mix. Seedlings having 4 to 6 true leaves, were transplanted into ground beds containing a substrate composed of 40% sand, 45% loam soil and 15% peat moss (vol/vol). Stocks were planted at densities of 60 et 90 plants/m2 and godetias at 20, 30, 40 and 60 plants/m2. Plants were grown under ambient light conditions or a photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) of 60 μmol m-2s-1. After seedling stage, air temperatures were maintained at 18°C (day) and 13°C.(night). During the production cycles of fall-winter 1991 and 1992, a supplemental PPF reduced total production time by 26 et 27 days respectively. Supplemental light caused a reduction of stem length. Planting density did not effect the variables measured. With godetia, the supplemental light treatment significantly increased the number of saleable stems. Marketable yield increases were not proportional to higher planting densities.
FURROW & DRIP IRRIGATION ON MUSKMELON FRUIT QUALITY
Authors: Lester Gene E. , Oebker Norman , Coons Janice
Published: April 2024

Effect of furrow and drip irrigation 1-, 2-, or 4-days after all plots had been watered 8-days before harvest, on postharvest quality, was studied two years. Years had no effect nor was fruit firmness affected by water method or timing. Regardless of method, water 4-days before harvest produced fruit with significantly the lowest % sol. solids (10.8% vs. 12.2%), the greatest vol. (16.1 vs. 15.1 cm3×102) and the greatest % moisture (88.5% vs. 87.4%) vs. no water after 8-days before harvest. Water 1- or 2-days before harvest produced fruit with variable quality differences vs. no water after 8-days. Drip watering 4-days before harvest vs. no water after 8-days, negatively affected sensory attributes with preference panelists rating lower for sweetness and overall fruit quality. Furrow watering produced fruit with inconclusive sensory ratings.
POTATO CULTIVAR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO BLACKSPOT
Authors: Peasah Richard K. , Tong Cindy
Published: April 2024

External bruising to potato tubers can result in a blue-black discoloration in the tuber flesh called potato blackspot (PBS). Three potato cultivars used in the Minnesota chipping industry (Atlantic, Frito Lay 1533, and Norchip) were tested for their susceptibility to PBS and compared to Russet Burbank. Tubers were bruised on the stem end using a spring-loaded bruiser and stored at 10°C from 1 to 3 days. PBS was evaluated 24, 48, and 72 hours after bruising. Percentage of bruised tubers showing PBS and Hunter L values of the bruised flesh were used to assess susceptibility. Percentage data showed that the order of most to least susceptible to PBS was Atlantic > Russet Burbank ≥ Frito Lay 1533 > Norchip. L values were not indicative of percentage of tubers showing PBS and may not be accurate measurements of susceptibility to PBS. Atlantic and Russet Burbank tubers were also bruised and stored at 25°C to determine whether a higher storage temperature affected PBS development Atlantic tubers stored at 25°C showed less PBS than those stored at 10°C at each evaluation time. Russet Burbank tubers stored at 25°C exhibited less PBS than those at 10°C at 48 and 72 hr after bruising but not at 24 hr.
STORAGE ALTERS PHOSPHOLIPID LEVELS IN LIGHTLY PROCESSED CARROTS
Authors: Picchioni Geno A. , Watada Alley E. , Whitaker Bruce D.
Published: April 2024

Lipid metabolism in lightly-processed vegetables has received little evaluation. This study monitored changes in phospholipid (PL) concentrations of shredded carrots during a 10-day storage period at 10 C and 95% RH. Following shred preparation on day 0, total tissue PL (molar basis) increased by 15%, 33%, and 47% within 2, 5, and 10 days, respectively. PL classes were then separated using normal phase HPLC, a gradient system of isopropanol:hexane:water, and an evaporative light scattering detector. Together, phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) comprised over 75% of total PL, and increased by 23-26% after 10 days (μg/g dry weight basis). However, concentrations of phosphatidic acid (PA), usually regarded as a membrane degradation product, increased nearly 100% by day 10. These data suggest that prolonged storage of carrot shreds may greatly affect rates of net PL synthesis and catabolism.
MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE PACKAGING OF BEDDING PLANTS AND PLUG SEEDLINGS
Authors: Berghage R.D. , Lownds N.K. , Wall M.M.
Published: April 2024

Poor post-production handling of bedding and seedling plants by mass-market outlets causes substantial quality reductions and product losses. Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) may be a means to extend postharvest longevity and ease bedding plant handling. MAP, using heat sealed polyethylene bags, was tested with pansy, marigold, geranium, impatiens, California poppy, gazania, tomato, and pepper seedlings. Equilibrium O2 levels of 5-15% were generally reached within one to two weeks, while CO2 increased to 5% or more of the package atmosphere at equilibrium. Ethylene accumulated to more than .5ppm within 24 hours in some packages. Marigold seedlings had obvious leaf and stem distortion after 2-3 days. Maximum useful storage time varied from 2 weeks for tomato to greater than 8 weeks for pansy at 10C. Tomato and pepper seedlings were test marketed at a local supermarket.
THE INFLUENCE OF METHYL BROMIDE FUMIGATION ON THE STORAGE LIFE OF `HASS' AVOCADO
Authors: Arpaia M. L. , Houck L. G. , Hartsell P. L. , Ontai S. L. , Reints J. S.
Published: April 2024

Methyl bromide fumigation (MB) is allowed as a disinfestation treatment for fruit flies. A 2 year study was undertaken to examine the effect of MB on the storage quality of `Hass' avocado. Fruit were obtained from a commercial packinghouse in both years. In 1991, fruit were treated within 24 hours of harvest or after 1 week of 5C storage either at 21 or 30C (4 hr. aeration). In 1992, fruit were fumigated at 30C then aerated for either 2.5 or 5 hr. A comparison to a quarantine cold treatment (14 days at 1C) was included in 1992. Fruit were evaluated after 0, 2, or 4 weeks storage. In both years there was considerable variability between grower lots, however, fruit that were fumigated had higher levels of weight loss, decay, and external (1992 only) and internal discoloration after 4 wks. of storage. Neither the timing of fumigation (1991) nor the duration of aeration (1992) had a significant impact on fruit quality. Fruit held at 1C generally had less internal discoloration after 4 weeks than MB treated fruit.
EFFECT OF AGROBACTERIUM GROWTH STAGE AND CULTURE DENSITY ON THE TRANSFORMATION EFFICIENCY OF SWEETPOTATO
Authors: Dumenyo C. Korsi , Blay E. , Dessai A. Porobo , Prakash C. S.
Published: April 2024

The efficiency of genetic transformation of plants via Agrobacterium cocultivation is determined by several factors. This experiment aimed to study whether the culture age and bacterial density of Agrobacterium tumefaciens influenced the transformation efficiency of sweetpotato (lpomoea batatas). The A. tumefaciens (MP90 gus::nptII) was cultured in LB broth (10 ml) and resuspended in half -strength MS solution prior to use. Petiole and leaf lamina explants of cultivars Regal and Rojo Blanco were cocultivated with the bacterial cultures that were 6-32 hour old. The age of the Agrobacterium culture used for cocultivation had a significant effect on the extent of explant area transformed. Cultures that were 24 h old (4×109 CFU/ml) produced the highest transformation. When cultures of various ages were diluted 1, 5 and 10 times (prior to cocultivation), the extent of transformation was not significantly affected. Thus, high dilutions (up to 10 times) could be used in the sweetpotato transformation to minimize the bacterial overgrowth on the explants duing subsequent incubation. Petioles were generally more competent to transformation and had proportionately larger transformed areas when compared to leaf lamina.
TISSUE INJURY AND SUPERCOOLING RESPONSE OF PEACH FLOWER BUDS TO SUB-LETHAL HEAT STRESS
Authors: Wisniewski Michael , Davis Glen , Arora Rajeev
Published: April 2024

It has been previously reported that sub-lethal heat treatments of cold hardy Azalea (45C) and grape floral buds (47-50C) for 2 hours altered deep supercooling by shifting low temperature exotherms (LTE) to warmer temperatures. Heat treatments were shown to modify suberized tissues in Azalea which may function as an ice barrier required for deep supercooling. Our study examined deep supercooling of Loring peach buds subjected to heat treatments ranging from 40 - 49C. Temperatures above 43C for 2 hours resulted in visible injury to floral tissues. However, 65% of these buds continued to exhibit deep supercooling. Tissue injury was not observed at 40C, however longer exposure durations (16-24h) were required to shift LTEs to warmer temperatures. Moderately hardy buds (avg LTE -15C) were responsive to 40C treatment whereas, extremely hardy buds (avg LTE -20C) were not. Pre-disposing extremely hardy buds to deacclimating conditions by placing twigs in water in the greenhouse for 24h, elicited a response to heat treatment and promoted warm temperature shifts of the LTE. It appears that tissue-water status of floral buds may play a role in their response to sub-lethal heat treatment.
SUCROSE AND DEHYDRATION INDUCE GLASS TRANSITIONS DURING CRYOPRESERVATION OF STRAWBERRY PLANTLETS
Authors: Seufferheld Manfredo J. , Stushnoff Cecil
Published: April 2024

Differential scanning calorimetry was used to study the effects of sucrose and dehydration on biophysical aspects during cryopreservation of strawberry plantlets, regenerated from leaf disks. Plantlets were encapsulated in alginate beads, soaked 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours in sucrose solutions (0 to 2.0 M) and dehydrated. Imbibition in 1.0 - 2.0 M sucrose and controlled desiccation influenced both ice nucleation and glass transitions during cryopreservation. A surprising discovery was the presence of an exotherm at -100C (sucrose 1.5 and 2.0 M samples imbibed for 48 hours and desiccated 4 hours). The exotherm disappeared and was replaced by a glass transition when imbibition time was increased to (72 hours). Phase diagrams from the DSC data, illustrate a sucrose concentration dependency in the range of 1.0 to 2.0 M, where exotherms occur. We conclude that imbibition with sucrose, coupled with desiccation treatments, may be used to manipulate the biophysical properties of freeze tender tissues to permit successful cryopreservation. Strawberry plantlets provide an ideal model to study this behavior.
CHILLING REQUIREMENT AND BUDBREAK RESPONSE TO HYDROGEN CYANAMIDE IN `FLAME SEEDLESS' GRAPES.
Authors: Siller-Cepeda Jorge , Osorio Guadalupe , Báez M. , Sanchez A. , Avalos J.
Published: April 2024

The scarce chilling accumulation during autumn and the high variability among years under desert conditions demands a high priority to study the interaction of chilling accumulated and hydrogen cyanamide rate to improve budbreak. Canes were collected at the onset of dormancy on 31 Oct, 1991 and stored at 4°C from 0 to 300 hours (CH). Additionally, cyanamide at 0.0, 0.025, 0.050, 0.100, 0.200, and 0.400M was sprayed to run-off every 50 CH and placed in a growth chamber (23±1°C) with additional light for budbreak evaluations. Final budbreak of control plants improved significantly with chilling accumulated from 12% on the controls up to 96% on 300 CH. Sixty percent budbreak occurred after the control plants reach 250 CH. Cyanamide rates ≤ to 0.2M increased budbreak above the control when chilling was ≤250 CH. After 300 CH, final budbreak was alike on all treatments, but cyanamide delayed budbreak. The most consistent treatments were 0.1 and 0.2M cyanamide rates (2 and 4% a.i. on adult vines). No significant differences were found among this treatments on final budbreak at all chilling levels; however, between 100 and 200 CH, cyanamide induced early budbreak.
CALCIUM LEVELS IN APPLE SEEDLINGS AND FRUIT FOLLOWING NAA AND TIBA TREATMENTS
Authors: Kim Wol Soo , Martin George C.
Published: April 2024

Foliar sprays of TIBA inhibited the growth of apple seedlings, and induced bitter pit of field grown `Golden Delicious' fruit. Total Ca levels were significantly decreased in the stems and leaves of apple seedlings, and in fruit peel. Foliar sprays of NAA increased total Ca content in shoots of apple seedlings. The Ca levels in the roots of seedlings were affected less by TIBA and/or NAA sprays than that of shoots. Irrigation after TIBA treatment inhibited apple seedling growth, and decreased total Ca content in shoots and roots, while NAA increased the growth and Ca content in the seedlings. TIBA via lanolin mixture to the shoot inhibited growth, and decreased the Ca content in shoots and roots of apple seedlings. NAA via lanolin mixture did not affect growth, whereas it increased the Ca content in the shoots of apple seedlings.
ACQUIRED DISEASE RESISTANCE TO ANGULAR LEAF SPOT (PSEUDOMONAS SYRINGAE CV. LACHRYMANS) IN CUCUMBER
Authors: Newell L. , Widders I.E. , Hammerschrmidt R.
Published: April 2024

Resistance to fungal and bacterial pathogens can be induced in cucurbit crops by limited inoculation of young plants with necrosis inducing pathogens or by treatment with certain salt solutions. In greenhouse experiments with pickling cucumber (cv. Flurry), foliar applications of 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid (CGA-41396; Ciba Geigy) to seedlings enhanced both acid peroxidase activity and reduced the number of lesions per leaf in a dose dependent manner following a challenge inoculation. Maximum response was obtained with 20-30 mg a.i./L CGA 41396 treatment. Soil drenches were equally effective in inducing resistance. Under field conditions, multiple foliar applications of 35 mg a.i./L of CGA 41396 prior to flowering reduced the incidence of angular leaf spot lesions by >70% on leaves at harvest. Pickling cucumber fruit yields were significantly lower in controls than in CGA treatments due to disease pressure.
C6 AND C9 ALDEHYDES PRODUCED BY THE LIPOXYGENASE PATHWAY INHIBIT FUNGI PATHOGENIC ON BROAD BEAN
Authors: Vaughn Steven F. , Gardner Harold W.
Published: April 2024

Several unsaturated C6 and C9 aldehydes are released by broad bean (Vicia faba L.) tissues when wounded mechanically or by pathogens via lipoxygenase-catalyzed lipid oxidation. We examined the growth of isolated fungal cultures of the broad bean pathogens Colletotrichum truncatum, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii when exposed to several of these aldehydes. (2E)-Hexenal, (2E)-nonenal and (3Z)-nonenal were inhibitory to the growth of R. solani and S. rolfsii at 0.004 ul/ml or greater when applied as volatiles, although higher levels were required to inhibit C. truncatum. When applied directly in the growth medium, (2E)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal was the most inhibitory compound tested, even though it had the least effect as a volatile.
Research Progress and Prospect of Nitrogen-containing Heterocycle in
Anti-gastric Cancer Drugs: A Review
Authors: Li Yang , Jiang Lizhi , Qu Junfeng , Peng Xiaoyu , Wu Kaiyue , Chen Miaojia , Peng Yuanyuan , Cao Xuan
Published: April 2024

Gastric cancer was the fifth most common cancer, and its drug treatment mainly included chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. With the rise of immunotherapy in gastric cancer, small-molecule anti-gastric cancer drugs still have irreplaceable places because of many advantages, such as high stability and mass-productivity, high
efficiency, and low cost. At present, the small-molecule anti-gastric cancer drugs in the
clinic are constrained by their side effects. So, developing more novel anti-gastric cancer
drugs with better efficacy and fewer side effects is urgently needed. Nitrogen-containing
heterocycle molecules have attracted much attention from researchers due to their high biocompatibility, activity, and bioavailability, and they even could act with a unique mechanism. This review summarized various types of nitrogen-containing heterocycle antigastric cancer lead compounds from 2017 to 2022 in the last five years. Compared with
monocyclic nitrogen-containing heterocycle and bicyclic nitrogen-containing heterocycle,
the thick nitrogen-containing heterocycle applied as the skeleton not only showed high efficiency and low toxicity but also, interestingly, may have had some unique mechanism
such as inhibition of aurora A and B kinases, etc. We propose two prospective and valuable strategies to develop more efficient candidates for anti-gastric cancer. One strategy
was further optimized for some lead compounds mentioned in this review. The other strategy involved utilizing the "pseudo-natural products" concept proposed by Professor Wilhelm Waldmann, combining different nitrogen-containing heterocycle fragments in two
and three-dimensional spaces to obtain new thick nitrogen-containing heterocycle skeletons. The strategy will contribute to the expansion of the thick nitrogenous heterocycle’s
framework, and it was expected that more novel mechanisms and more effective antigastric drugs could be found. These two strategies are expected to help researchers develop more anti-gastric cancer drugs with better potency and lower side effects.
Anlotinib Inhibiting Mantle Cell Lymphoma Proliferation and
Inducing Apoptosis through PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway
Authors: Wang Jiaping , Xu Zhijuan , Lai Yanli , Zhang Yanli , Zhang Ping , Mu Qitian , Yang Shujun , Sheng Lixia , Ouyang Guifang
Published: April 2024

Background:

This study investigates the inhibitory mechanism of anlotinib
on human Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) cells through in vitro and in vivo experiments.

Methods:

In vitro cellular experiments validate the effects of anlotinib on MCL cell
proliferation and apoptosis. Moreover, a subcutaneous xenograft nude mice model of
Mino MCL cells was established to assess the anti-tumour effect and tumour
microenvironment regulation of anlotinib in vivo.

Results:

The results indicate that MCL cell proliferation was significantly inhibited
upon anlotinib exposure. The alterations in the expression of apoptosis-related
proteins further confirm that anlotinib can induce apoptosis in MCL cells. Additionally,
anlotinib significantly reduced the PI3K/Akt/mTOR phosphorylation level in MCL cells.
The administration of a PI3K phosphorylation agonist, 740YP, could reverse the
inhibitory effect of anlotinib on MCL. In the xenograft mouse model using Mino MCL
cells, anlotinib treatment led to a gradual reduction in body weight and a significant
increase in survival time compared to the control group. Additionally, anlotinib
attenuated PD-1 expression and elevated inflammatory factors, CD4, and CD8 levels
in tumour tissues.

Conclusion:

Anlotinib effectively inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in MCL
both in vitro and in vivo. This inhibition is likely linked to suppressing phosphorylation
in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
Influence of Cell Temperature on Theoretical Properties of InGaP/
InGaAs/Ge Triple-Junction Concentrated Solar Cells
Authors: Song Zhiqiang , Wang Zilong , Zhang Hua , Wu Weidong , Dou Binlin , Tian Ziao , Hu Changqing , Jin Qian
Published: April 2024

Aims:

This study aims to analyze the accuracy of single- and double-diode models in predicting the electrical parameters of InGaP/InGaAs/Ge triple-junction solar cells as described in relevant patents under various operating conditions.

Methods:

This study obtained and analyzed experimental and theoretical values of the relevant electrical parameters of solar cells through a combination of experimental research and theoretical model
calculations.

Results:

The results indicated that the root mean square error of the short-circuit current decreased
from 0.21 at 400 W/m² to 0.11 at 1000 W/m². The temperature of the two precision cut-off points for
the open-circuit voltage in the single- and double-diode models increased from 34°C and 64°C at
400 W/m² to 39°C and 72°C at 1000 W/m². Additionally, for peak power and conversion efficiency,
the precision cut-off temperatures of the single- and double-diode models were 56°C, 68°C, and
77°C at 400 W/m², 600 W/m², and 800 W/m², respectively.

Conclusion:

The theoretical values of the short-circuit current exceeded the corresponding experimental values. The single- and double-diode models for open-circuit voltage exhibited two accuracy
cut-off points, with the single-diode model demonstrating greater accuracy within this temperature
range. Similarly, the peak power and conversion efficiency models for single- and double-diodes
have an accuracy cut-off point, with the double-diode model performing better at higher temperatures.
Penguatan nilai-nilai karakter melalui novel “Orang Orang Biasa” karya Andrea Hirata
Authors: Istiqomah Annisa , Marzuki Marzuki
Published: April 2024

Abstrak: Kasus degradasi moral banyak menjangkiti para remaja di Indonesia, sehingga perlu penguatan pendidikan karakter sebagai upaya mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Penguatan pendidikan karakter merupakan gerakan pendidikan di bawah tanggung jawab satuan pendidikan untuk memperkuat karakter siswa melalui harmonisasi olah hati, olah rasa, oleh pikir dan olah raga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji muatan nilai-nilai  karakter sebagai upaya penguatan pendidikan karakter dalam novel Orang-orang Biasa. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analisis konten inferensial. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini yaitu Novel Orang-orang Biasa karya Andrea Hirata. Sampel dalam penelitian yaitu frase, kalimat, paragraf dalam Novel Orang-orang Biasa yang mengandung lima nilai karakter utama yaitu religius, nasionalisme, gotong royong, kemandirian, dan integritas. Peneliti melakukan inferensi dengan menggunakan pendekatan tampilan linguistik dengan mengkaji makna kebahasaan yang terkandung dalam Novel Orang-orang Biasa. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis terhadap frase, kalimat, atau paragraf yang mengandung nilai religius, nasionalisme, gotong royong, kemandirian, dan integritas sebagai upaya penguatan pendidikan karakter. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa Novel Orang-orang Biasa karya Andrea Hirata merupakan salah satu novel yang sarat akan nilai moral dan Pendidikan karakter sehingga akan sangat baik untuk dibaca sebagai penguatan pendidikan karakter.Abstract: Many cases of moral degradation happen to young people in Indonesia, so it is necessary to strengthen character education to overcome these problems. Strengthening character education is an educational movement under the responsibility of the education unit to strengthen student character through the harmonization of exercise of the heart, feeling, thought and exercise. This study examines the content of character values to strengthen character education in Novel Orang-Orang Biasa. This research is an inferential content analysis research. The data source in this study is the Novel Orang-Orang Biasa by Andrea Hirata. The samples in this research are phrases, sentences, and paragraphs in Novel Orang Orang Biasa, which contain five main character values : religion, nationalism, gotong royong, independence, and integrity. The researcher made inferences using a linguistic appearance approach by examining the linguistic meanings of the Novel Orang Orang Biasa. Furthermore, an analysis of phrases, sentences, or paragraphs that contain religious values, nationalism, gotong royong, independence, and integrity is carried out to strengthen character education. From the research results, it is known that the novel is full of moral values and character education so it would be very good to read as strengthening character education.
Persepsi dan pemahaman strategi coping guru PAUD: Analisis pembangunan karakter tangguh anak usia dini
Authors: Akbar Mochammad Ramli , Munthomimah Siti
Published: April 2024

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Preserving cultural identity: The imperative of prioritizing Indonesian character values in English textbooks to safeguard against cultural hegemony in language learning
Authors: Sudartini Siti
Published: April 2024

This article discusses the need to prioritise Indonesian cultural character values in English textbooks as a strategy to maintain cultural identity and counter the hegemony of Western cultural values in language learning in Indonesia. In the context of this research, the phenomenon is based on English textbooks for high school students in grades XI and XII in Indonesia. This research method uses library research. The main instrument of this research is the researcher himself as a "human instrument". The data analysis technique is descriptive qualitative, which includes activities: data collection, display and discussion, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study show the following. Firstly, this study notes a number of trends that may be troubling, including the lack of representation of local values and the dominance of Western elements. Secondly, the factors causing this slide involve both external and internal aspects. Externally, relating to the theory that language learning is inseparable from cultural learning provides a foundation for the internalisation of Western culture in English language learning. Internally, the influence of modernism as well as the syndrome of being a former Western colony led to an inferiority complex in cultural awareness, reinforcing the adoption of Western cultural values as the inevitable ideal standard. By exploring concrete strategies to promote Indonesian cultural values, this article advocates for a profound change in English teaching approaches to build a sense of identity and cultural diversity amidst the challenges of global values hegemony.
Determinan pembentuk karakter peserta didik pada kompetensi keahlian TITL di sekolah menengah Kkjuruan
Authors: Sikarti Sikarti , Irwanto Irwanto , Fakhurrohkhman Muhammad
Published: April 2024

This study aims to obtain in-depth information about the determinants of the character formation process of students on the competence of Electrical Power Installation Engineering expertise in Vocational High Schools. The type of research used is qualitative with a case study method at SMKN 1 Padarincang. Data collection techniques used in this study were participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques using interactive models Miles and Huberman help ATLAS TI 9 software. The results obtained in this study are (1) The process of forming the character of students in the competence of Electrical Power Installation Engineering expertise, which is integrated with learning, habituation, extracurricular, and school management (2). Supporting factors for the process of forming the character of students include teachers with character, community, willingness of students, schools, and families. (3). Factors inhibiting the process of forming the character of students are less active teachers, school environment, students' desires, families, and inadequate infrastructure.
Innovative Tools for Managing the Industrial Safety System
Authors: Zubkova E. V.
Published: April 2024

Relevance. Modern organizations strive to improve industrial safety, while increasing labor productivity and reducing costs. The article substantiates the possibility and determines the effectiveness of the introduction of automated devices for the issuance of personal protective equipment (PPE) as an innovative tool for managing the industrial safety system of an industrial enterprise. The modern century is the century of industrial safety provided by innovations and automated technologies. This is due to the relevance of the topic.

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the possibility and determine the effectiveness of the introduction of automated devices for the issuance of personal protective equipment as an innovative tool for managing the industrial safety system.

Objectives. To formulate the author's definition of the concept of "innovative process for ensuring industrial safety"; to highlight the features of the introduction of innovative tools for managing the industrial safety system; to consider the introduction of vending machines; to highlight the positive effects of various origins that will be obtained as a result of the introduction of innovative tools for managing the industrial safety system; to calculate the economic efficiency of the proposed measures.

Methodology. In order to achieve the goal and solve scientific problems, the following methods were used: widespread methods of analyzing thematic literature, comparing and generalizing available information; the sociological method.

Results. The features of innovative tools for managing the industrial safety system in modern conditions are determined. The calculation of the economic feasibility of the introduction of vending machines as innovative tools for managing the system of industrial safety.

Conclusions. We have achieved the tasks set. The conclusion is substantiated that there is a future behind innovative tools for managing the industrial safety system.
A Nordic Perspective on Patient Online Record Access and the European Health Data Space
Authors: Hägglund Maria , Kharko Anna , Bärkås Annika , Blease Charlotte , Cajander Åsa , DesRoches Catherine , Fagerlund Asbjørn Johansen , Hagström Josefin , Huvila Isto , Hörhammer Iiris , Kane Bridget , Klein Gunnar O , Kristiansen Eli , Moll Jonas , Muli Irene , Rexhepi Hanife , Riggare Sara , Ross Peeter , Scandurra Isabella , Simola Saija , Soone Hedvig , Wang Bo , Ghorbanian Zolbin Maedeh , Åhlfeldt Rose-Mharie , Kujala Sari , Johansen Monika Alise
Published: April 2024

The Nordic countries are, together with the United States, forerunners in online record access (ORA), which has now become widespread. The importance of accessible and structured health data has also been highlighted by policy makers internationally. To ensure the full realization of ORA’s potential in the short and long term, there is a pressing need to study ORA from a cross-disciplinary, clinical, humanistic, and social sciences perspective that looks beyond strictly technical aspects. In this viewpoint paper, we explore the policy changes in the European Health Data Space (EHDS) proposal to advance ORA across the European Union, informed by our research in a Nordic-led project that carries out the first of its kind, large-scale international investigation of patients’ ORA—NORDeHEALTH (Nordic eHealth for Patients: Benchmarking and Developing for the Future). We argue that the EHDS proposal will pave the way for patients to access and control third-party access to their electronic health records. In our analysis of the proposal, we have identified five key principles for ORA: (1) the right to access, (2) proxy access, (3) patient input of their own data, (4) error and omission rectification, and (5) access control. ORA implementation today is fragmented throughout Europe, and the EHDS proposal aims to ensure all European citizens have equal online access to their health data. However, we argue that in order to implement the EHDS, we need more research evidence on the key ORA principles we have identified in our analysis. Results from the NORDeHEALTH project provide some of that evidence, but we have also identified important knowledge gaps that still need further exploration.
Online Cognitive Stimulation Therapy for Dementia in Brazil and India: Acceptability, Feasibility, and Lessons for Implementation
Authors: Fisher Emily , Venkatesan Shreenila , Benevides Pedro , Bertrand Elodie , Brum Paula Schimidt , El Baou Céline , Ferri Cleusa P , Fossey Jane , Jelen Maria , Laks Jerson , Liu Lisa , Mograbi Daniel C , Natarajan Nirupama , Naylor Renata , Pantouli Despina , Ramanujam Vaishnavi , Rangaswamy Thara , Santos de Carvalho Raquel L , Stoner Charlotte , Vaitheswaran Sridhar , Spector Aimee
Published: April 2024

Background

Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) is an evidence-based, group psychosocial intervention for people with dementia, and it has a positive impact on cognition and quality of life. CST has been culturally adapted for use globally. It was developed as a face-to-face intervention but has recently been adapted for online delivery.

Objective

In this study, we aimed to explore the feasibility and acceptability of online or virtual CST (vCST) delivery in India and Brazil, emphasizing barriers and facilitators to implementation.

Methods

A single-group, multisite, mixed methods, feasibility study was conducted, with nested qualitative interviews. Primary feasibility outcomes were recruitment rate, attendance, attrition, acceptability, and outcome measure completion. Exploratory pre- and postintervention measures, including cognition and quality of life, were assessed. Qualitative interviews were conducted with people with dementia, family caregivers, and group and organizational leaders following intervention delivery, and the data were analyzed using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.

Results

A total of 17 vCST group sessions with 59 participants were conducted for 7 weeks, with 53% (31/59) of participants attending all 14 sessions. Attrition rate was 7% (4/59), and outcome measure completion rate at follow-up was 68% (40/59). Interviews took place with 36 stakeholders. vCST was acceptable to participants and group leaders and enabled vital access to services during pandemic restrictions. While online services broadened geographic access, challenges emerged concerning inadequate computer literacy, poor technology access, and establishing interpersonal connections online. Exploratory, uncontrolled analyses indicated positive trends in quality of life but negative trends in cognition and activities of daily living, but these results were not statistically significant.

Conclusions

vCST demonstrated feasibility and acceptability, serving as a crucial resource during the pandemic but raised challenges related to technology access, computer literacy, and long-term implementation. The study highlights the potential of vCST while emphasizing ongoing development and solutions to address implementation challenges.
Space and Memory in Bernardine Evaristo’s Girl, Woman, Other
Authors: Guan Xuerou
Published: April 2024

Bernardine Evaristo’s novel Girl, Woman, Other uses the places “the Greenfield Farm” and “National Theatre” as places imprinted cultural memories. The former symbolizes the equally important roles of reformers and radicals in inspiring intellectual progress and constructing social memory, while the latter signifies the breaking of conventions and the empowerment of those pushed to the margins by patriarchal and white supremacist Britain, both of which complement each other in constructing a historical space dominated by the collective authority of black women in Britain. Combined with Assmann’s theory of cultural memory, collective memory and individual memory, especially the latter, have had a significant impact on the construction of individual and social memory.
La muerte en el ideario del libre pensamiento en Yucatán, 1874-1897
Authors: Suárez Manzanero María Fernanda
Published: April 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer un análisis de los planteamientos que, respecto al tópico de la muerte, articularon los líderes del grupo librepensador en Yucatán. Unade las nociones centrales que guían esta investigación es que estos librepensadores expusieron su ideario en los cuatro órganos periodísticos que editaron durante el último tercio del siglo xix: El Pensamiento, LaReforma, LaIgualdad y El Libre Examen. Dicho grupo de intelectuales formuló una interpretación del trance postrero de la vida, que puede ser vinculada al desarrollo de las visiones seculares de la muerte extendidas hasta nuestros días.
Los cenotes en el mercado de tierras ejidales del oriente de Yucatán (2013-2016)
Authors: Cortés Campos Inés
Published: April 2024

En este artículo analizo la valoración de los cenotes en el mercado de tierras ejidales que ha tenido lugar en una población rural del oriente de Yucatán en los últimos tres años. Ante la creciente venta de parcelas ejidales con cenotes —una de las fuentes hídricas más importantes en este estado mexicano—, muestro las estrategias que un grupo de ejidatarios ha utilizado para defender el acceso comunitario al agua y rechazar su mercantilización.Desde mi perspectiva, la estrategia más efectiva se ha desprendido de la apropiación local de la legislación agraria, dadas las limitaciones de las leyes mexicanas sobre el agua para garantizar el acceso de los pueblos a ese recurso. Lainvestigación está basada en el trabajo de campo llevado a cabo en 2016.
Bandoleros y política en Chiapas y Guatemala, 1825-1850
Authors: Sarazúa Pérez Juan Carlos
Published: April 2024

La historiografía sobre el bandolerismo social en América Latina ha sido amplia y contundente en afirmar la relación profunda entre bandolerismo y las dinámicas políticas, aún en casos en que los bandoleros no estaban integrados a una facción. Este artículo tiene como objetivo mostrar las complejidades de esta relación a través del análisis de dos casos relacionados entre sí: la trayectoria del comiteco Andrés Monreal en Centroamérica durante la década de 1830, y la incursión desde la frontera guatemalteca de Joaquín Miguel Gutiérrez en 1838. Los dos casos permiten visibilizar las ambigüedades de las poblaciones divididas por la línea fronteriza y el peso de los bandidos en las luchas políticas de la primera mitad del siglo XIX.
El Aborto en El Salvador: Tres Décadas de Disputas sobre la Autonomía Reproductiva de las Mujeres
Authors: Peñas Defago María Angélica
Published: April 2024

En 1997 en El Salvador se reformó el Código Penal estableciendo la prohibición absoluta del aborto. Estaagenda, diseñada por los sectores conservadores, civiles y religiosos, marcó durante años la suerte de las políticas reproductivas en El Salvador. El presente trabajo propone una distinción analítica de dos momentos que marcan el desarrollo del debate sobre el aborto en este país en los últimos treinta años. En el primer momento se analiza el contexto de las reformas legales en la década de 1990, y en el segundo momento, que puede ser ubicado a mediados de la primera década del siglo xxi, se profundiza en las acciones de los movimientos de mujeres y feministas para resistir la penalización absoluta del aborto, así como la respuesta de sectores contrarios a este actuar. Ambas etapas marcan dos formas —empíricamente diferenciables— de entender cómo se han configurado los debates sobre el aborto y la autonomía reproductiva de las mujeres en El Salvador.