bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study to Assess the Knowledge of Women regarding use of Zinc Supplementation with ORS in Managing Diarrhoea in a Selected Rural Community in Bhopal
Authors:   Dr Sarvapalli Radhakrishanan (SRK) University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, Patel Rakhi
Published: November 2021

Background:Diarrhoea is the third most common reason for youth mortality in India. More than 2 million kids die because of loose bowels and parchedness consistently. Diarrhoeal sickness causes hefty monetary pressure on the healthcare administration. Much consideration has been given to diarrhoeal sickness and its administration in the course of this decade. Oral rehydration strategy and zinc supplementation have proved to be extremely helpful in this aspect. Methods: A descriptive approach has been utilised to evaluate the knowledge of women in regards to the use of zinc supplementation with ORS in overseeing diarrhoea. Purposive sampling procedure was used to choose 100 mothers. The researcher assessed the knowledge of the study subjects regarding the advantages of zinc with ORS using a structured knowledge questionnaire. The gathered information was assessed by graphic and inferential measurements. Results: 63% of women got average score and 1% of women obtained very good score, 2% of women obtained poor score and not even a single woman got very poor score. The mean knowledge score of women regarding the benefits of zinc with ORS in managing diarrhoea was 17.24. Conclusion: Women are the greatest health workers who make all the possible efforts to provide their families with everything. If women possess the required knowledge, they themselves would leave no stone unturned to use the various preventive measures and get rid of diarrhoea for the health of their family members. So, the knowledge of women related to health services needs to be updated and improved.
Language Quality in Scientific Journals: Whose Responsibility?
Authors: Kozak Marcin
Published: November 2021

Is it journal editors’ role to decide whether the language of the manuscripts submitted to theirjournals is fine? Among so many duties they have, this one seems to be all-too-often forgotten, or ig-nored, affecting the quality of scientific publications. Their indifference can also lead to unnecessaryarguments between authors and reviewers, or to situations in which the authors have no idea whatto do. Left alone, authors seldom win, even if they are right. This paper discusses whose role it is tokeep writing quality of journal articles.
The Media, Extremism and Terrorism: An Unintentional Business Relationship
Authors: McElreath Leisa S. , Doss Daniel Adrian , McElreath David Hughes , Etter Gregg W. , Lindsley Ashley
Published: November 2021

Although the goals of the press and terrorists are not the same, the two groups engage in a mu-tually beneficial relationship that often appears confusing to scholars and the public. Both the pressand the terrorists need and crave the attention of the public. In this paper the authors examine themotives and the methods that the media and the terrorists attempt to achieve their goals. The terror-ists need the attention to create terror and spread their propaganda to further their political causes.The media needs the sensationalism created by the terrorists to attract viewers or readers and topositively effect ratings. The study found that the stories about terrorism increased media ratingswhile unintentionally benefiting the terrorist by publicizing the terrorist cause.
The Importance of Trust at the Level of Public International Law: A Contribution to Theoretical Considerations
Authors: Duszka-Jakimko Hanna
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this article is to point to trust as a value serving the coexistence of international community cooperation, as well as the elimination of global threats in public international law. The article presents selected approaches and typology of trust adopted in social sciences (with particular emphasis on the sociology of law as an auxiliary science of jurisprudence), their reference to the understanding and meaning of trust in public international law, as well as consequences in the form of shaping the quality and content of legislative solutions and practice of acting in the international arena.

As a result of the conducted analyses, trust in international law can be considered in three ways: first, as trust in the binding rule established by the subjects of international law; second, as a value expressed by the axiology of international law and principles of institutional significance; third, as a requirement of effective practice that exemplifies the theoretical and axiological assumptions of law.
Effects of Different Types of Feed on the Growth and Survival Rate of Betta splendens
Authors: NengTias Resti Ayu , Watiniasih Ni Luh , Dewi Ayu Putu Wiweka Krisna
Published: November 2021

Betta fish (Betta splendens) are freshwater ornamental fish that is very popular because it’s beautiful colors and unique behavior. This study aims to determine the growth measuring weight and length as well as the survival rate of betta fish seeds by providing different types of food that was conducted in door at Tulungagung, East Java, Indonesia. The study was experimentally designed with completely randomized design consisting of 3 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments A was fed with Tubifex sp., treatment B with artificial food (pellets), and treatment C was  consisted of a combination of Tubifex sp., and artificial food. The test fish were 30 days old with a stocking density of 5/plastic bucket, where feeding was done ad-libitum. The study was conducted for 42 days. The parameters measured in this study were the growth in absolute weight and absolute length and its survival rate. Observations were analyzed using One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and further tests were carried out using the Duncan test. The results show that different feeding strategies had a significant effect on the growth of absolute weight and absolute length, and had no significant effect on the survival rate of betta fish. Water quality parameters measured include an average temperature was valued at 25.01oC-25.87oC, while the average pH was 8.42-8.47, and average dissolved oxygen (DO) was 4.13-4.17 mg/L.
Development Strategy to Improve Class Classification In Nusantara Fishery Port Pengambengan, Bali Province
Authors: Suyoga I Gede , Restu I Wayan , Negara I Ketut Wija , Sudananjaya Bagus
Published: November 2021

In the framework of improving governance, functional dimensions, and performance of the fishing port, the Nusantara Fishery Port in Jembrana Bali compiles a "strategic plan" to improve the class classification of the Nusantara Fishing Port Pengambengan to become a class A Ocean Fishing Port, a number of management facility criteria are required as the main prerequisites. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of the facilities at Nusantara Fishing Port Pengambengan and to determine the strategy for developing a fishing port at Nusantara Fishing Port Pengambengan. This research method uses descriptive qualitative and quantitative methods. Data collection techniques through direct observation and interviews using a questionnaire regarding the condition of the facilities at Nusantara Fishing Port Pengambengan, then data analysis using a SWOT analysis approach. Nusantara Pengambengan Fishery Port is a class B port that functions as a support for the management and utilization of fish resources and the environment, starting from pre-production, production, processing and marketing of fishery products. In supporting fishery activities, Nusantara Fishing Port Pengambengan is currently supported by various facilities, namely basic facilities, functional facilities, and supporting facilities. The results showed that there were several facilities in poor conditions, namely basic pier facilities, anchoring ponds, complex roads, and drainage, from supporting facilities, namely public toilets and guest houses. Several facilities are not available in the Nusantara Fishing Port Pengambengan construction, namely ship docks, net repair wards/places, laboratories, WWTPs, watchtowers, and perimeter fences. The strategies obtained from the results of this study include: (1) Improving the quality of the catch to provide a positive image for potential investors. (2) Improve administrative services to provide fishermen comfort when carrying out fishing operations. (3) Support is needed, especially the role of the government related to management and development.
Comparative Analysis The Effect of Iodine, Ozone, and Peracetic Acid as A Disinfectant of Cantang Grouper Egg
Authors: Puspanjali Putu Justika Nirmala Ardhiana , Yudasmara Gede Ari , Antara Kadek Lila
Published: November 2021

Problems in the fish hatchery sector often occur such as high egg mortality or low quality of fish eggs. Optimizing biosecurity is one of the efforts to improve the quality of fish eggs, for example by adding disinfectants such as iodine, ozone, and peracetic acid. The use of chemical disinfectants will produce good results if the right dose, time, and commodity are used. In this study. This research aims (1) to determine whether the use of chemicals including iodine, ozone, and peracetic acid had an effect as a disinfectant to increase the hatching rate of grouper fish, (2) to determine the level of effectiveness and efficiency of the use of chemicals as a disinfectant. This research is an experimental research type. The research subjects included in the study were cantang grouper fish eggs at PT. Pakarti Daksa Segara who used the exploratory sampling method. The conclusion of this study indicates that there is an influence on the growth rate of the use of iodine, ozone and, peracetic acid chemicals as disinfectants of cantang grouper eggs and there is a comparison of the effectiveness and efficiency of the use of the three chemicals which includes the percentage of the hatching rate, the cost of the disinfectant material and the time, which is needed in the use of the disinfectant. Iodine has the best level of effectiveness from the comparison of hatching eggs of cantang grouper and peracetic acid is the most efficient type of chemical.
Abundance of Plankton in the Waters of Geger Beach, Badung Regency, Bali
Authors: Vesensia Octria , Arthana I Wayan , Dewi Ayu Putu Wiweka Krisna
Published: November 2021

Geger Beach is located in Peminge traditional village area, Sawangan, Nusa Dua, Bali which is a tourism area and there is seaweed cultivation managed by local people. Such human activity will affect the quality of the waters which will result in an increase in nutrients and organic matter which can further lead to changes in the structure of plankton. The purpose of this study is to find out the types of plankton and the abundance of plankton found in the waters of Geger Beach using the pour method. This research was conducted in March 2021. Sampling is conducted once a week at three observation points. The total phytoplankton species obtained as many as 32 species consisting of 6 classes, namely Bacillariophyceae (23 genera), Xanthophyceae (1 genus), Cyanophyceae (3 genera), Ulvophyceae (1 genus), Conjugatophyceae or Zygnematophyceae (2 genera), Coscinodiscophyceae (2 genera). The dominant type of phytoplankton found during the study was the Gyrosigma fasciola species in the Bacillariophyceae class. Meanwhile, the total zooplankton obtained by 11 species consisting of 5 classes, namely Maxillopoda (3 genera), Hexanauplia (3 genera), Magnoliopsida, Branchiopoda, and Copepoda (1 genus). The dominant type of zooplankton found during the study was the Cyclops sp. species in the Maxillopoda class. The average abundance of phytoplankton is 120 cells/l, while the average abundance of zooplankton is 20 cells/l. The average diversity value of phytoplankton is 2,7, while the diversity of zooplankton is 1,4. The average dominance index value of phytoplankton is 0,06, while the average zooplankton dominance index is 0,25.
The characters of Eremey Aipin is pursuit of identity (based on the novel “In Search of the Primordial Land”)
Authors: Kolyagina Tatyana Yuryevna
Published: November 2021

The subject of this article is the problem of identity of the characters in the novel “In Search of the Primordial Land” by the regional Khanty writer Eremey Aipin. The goal is to describe the key vectors of reflections of the main characters on personal and national identity. The author aims to analyze the path of spiritual and social becoming, as well as finding true identity in the world and society of the protagonists of the novel — “man of the kin” Matvey Taishin and the hero “without kith or kin” Roman Romanov. The study leans on the interdisciplinary comprehensive approach, with the use of cultural-historical, typological, ethno-cultural, axiological and imagological methods of analysis. The scientific novelty lies in examination of the characters of the literary work from the perspective of their identity and identification. Analysis is conducted on the two ways of finding true identity by the characters in the small and big world. Path of “man of the kin” is the cognition of capabilities of staying in the world, strengthening of inviolable faith as the essential link in the chain of life, nature, Cosmos, and humanity. Path of the hero “without kith or kin” is a series of initiations (according to V. Y. Propp), as a result of which he gradually assimilates to the “earthly world”, having acquired the experience of merging with society. It is proven that solution of the questions on personal, social and national identity of the characters of the novel is interrelated with the author's traditionalistic worldview. The conclusion is made that in a crisis historical situation, the characters of the novel intuitively tilt towards ancient cultural memory of humanity, seeing its as a basis for reconstruction of identity.
E-WoM di mom travel blog: keterikatan, pengaruh informasi, dan kekuatan informasi visual
Authors: Puspitasari Kunti
Published: November 2021

The Social Networking System (SNS) is used to share messages through electronic WoM (e-WoM) through blogs. Related to someone in e-WoM has a social construction motivation that involves tie strength and informational influence. This article analyzes how attachment, informational influence, the power of visual information in e-WoM user engagement on mom travel blogs can determine travel preferences and decisions for families. In addition to conducting a literature ulasan, this article also analyzes Mom Travel Blogs in Indonesia, namely jalanjalankenai.com and momtraveler.com. These blogs found that the social relationship between the reader and the blogger is an attachment that motivates involvement in e-WoM on the blog. These blogs also provide informational influence and present the power of visual information to convince readers of travel preferences.
Programmatic: strategi efektif pemasangan iklan di era digital
Authors: Putra Rakasiwi Permana , Irwansyah Irwansyah
Published: November 2021

Programmatic Advertising (PA) is changing the way advertisers and publishers interact in the industrial 4.0. PA collects cookies from site pengguna to help advertisers identify the required audience. In PA, an important question is regarding the level of penetration and the reasons for using PA, especially in Indonesia. PA is different from traditional buying and selling advertising, which must bring together sellers and buyers face to face. Qualitative research is used in studying the situation based on the point of perspective of PA users with relevant backgrounds. Data collection techniques with interview observation using open coding, axial, and selective. Then, they used thematic and narrative data analysis with data confirmation through triangulation techniques in order to see data from various perspectives. As a result, in the Indonesian context, PA is growing well, it's just that it is still constrained by a complex implementation process (requires knowledge, insights, and networks).
Menggali peran digital fitness influencer terhadap parasocial interaction dan fan citizenship behaviour
Authors: Mubarak Nu'man , Kusumawati Andriani , Raharjo Kusdi
Published: November 2021

This article elucidate the concept of fan citizenship behaviour can be influenced by digital fitness influencers and parasocial interactions. This article uses a systematic literature review approach to clarify the concept fan citizenship behaviour by integrating source credibility theory and social exchange theory. The results provide 39 articles extend an overview of digital fitness influencers in holistic, how fitness influencers build relationships in a parasocial and resiprokal. Digital fitness influencers share content through photos, videos and interact with fan through comments or short messages, and fan form imaginary relationships called parasocial relationships. From the relationships, fan gratify their psychological necessity such as pleasurement, cultivate loyalty and commitment to digital fitness influencers.
Youtube as alternative media for digital activism in documentary film creative industry
Authors: Rospitasari Marina
Published: November 2021

The development of the digital world provides ample scope to activists who are also engaged in Documentary Film Industry. In line with the democratic and deliberative spirit, YouTube, one of the social media platforms, has become an alternative media with a strategic positioning to be used by film activists to distribute their works. This research applied literature review and descriptive quantitative content analysis as a methodology. Based on alternative media theory, YouTube is alternative media that filmmakers utilise in the documentary film creative industry. Documentary films are products of the film industry and aspiration, identity struggle, and artistic expression. As a media representation of communication technology, YouTube provides ample opportunities for art activists to convey their critical ideas to voicing marginal groups’ aspirations. Based on reviewing the Watchdoc YouTube account, this research findings that YouTube supports filmmakers to develop interactive documentary and collaborative actions with other strategic stakeholders, such as Production House, NGO, individual activists, social communities, and educational institutions. According to the practising of digital activism, this phenomenon gives another perspective about building an activist network. Activism through the creative documentary industry is not reflected as people mobilisations but building engagement through the product (documentary film).
Social media supports tourism development in the COVID-19 normal era in Bandung
Authors: Wahyuni Herpita , Purnomo Eko Priyo , Fathani Aqil Teguh
Published: November 2021

This research focuses on social media. We were using Social Media in Supporting Tourism Development During Covid-19: Case Study a New Era Policy in Bandung. This study uses descriptive qualitative research methods with data sources through the Twitter account of the Bandung City Culture and Tourism Office @DisbudparBdg assisted by the NVivo 12 Plus software. We are utilising Social Media to Support Tourism Development During Covid-19: A Case Study of New Era Policy in Bandung by measuring the use of social media in tourism planning, creation, integration, and marketing strategy. This research shows tourism planning in a new standard era by directing outdoor tourism and implementing health protocols. The Tourism Promotion Board integrates cooperation between the Bandung City Culture and Tourism Office and PT Kereta Api Pariwisata. Tourism marketing by providing tourist information can give tourists confidence that Bandung is an attractive and robust destination city in improving health regulations and strictly following health protocol rules during recreation.
Being survivors: therapeutic communication for people living with HIV/AIDS (plwha)
Authors: Effendy Chairil , De Vera Rosemarie Virginia M. , Asfar Dedy Ari , Syahrani Agus , Daeng GS Achmad
Published: November 2021

The number of People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is steadily increasing. HIV/AIDS is caused by a virus that infects the body and weakens the immune system, making it difficult to fight germs, viruses, fungi, and other pathogens. HIV and AIDS are still considered taboo diseases that should not be openly discussed. People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are discouraged from seeking treatment due to stigma and discrimination. Eliminating stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV/AIDS will improve the process of preventing and overcoming HIV/AIDS cases. In addition, therapeutic communication also affects interpersonal relationships. This research aims to figure out how the therapeutic communication efforts of People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) become survivors. The method used in this research is phenomenology, where the informants in this study are people with HIV/AIDS who live in Surabaya. This study concludes that therapeutic communication efforts to People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are by presenting volunteers who help people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) based on the same fate as People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The presence of volunteers (PLWHA) assists and bridges the gap between patients and therapy, fostering a sense of comfort for PLWHA. They also make other patients feel more at ease while they are receiving treatment in the hospital.
Influence of attitude on online impulse buying: perspective on marketing communication
Authors: Dharta Firdaus Yuni , Prasetyo Hemi , Dema Yosef
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of government policy, marketing communication, and website quality on online impulse purchases. The effect of attitude mediation on government policy relations, marketing communications, and the quality of website and online impulse buying is also analysed in this research. This research is survey research with a sample of respondents as many as 250 active students in West Java. Data analysis in this research is path analysis using PLS-SEM. The findings of this study show that government legislation, marketing messaging, and website quality all have a direct impact on online impulse purchase. The attitude examined in this study is unable to counteract the impact of government legislation and commercial communications on online impulse purchases. However, attitude can mitigate the impact of website quality on online impulse purchases.
The problem of maintaining balance of liberal and conservative principles at the congresses of clergy and Laity of Southern Russia in 1917
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Biryukova Yu. A.
Published: November 2021

The article examines the congresses of clergy and laity that took place after the February Revolution of 1917 in the South of Russia — on the Don, Stavropol and Kuban, which were the part of the movement propagated throughout the country. It marked the broad inclusion of clergy and laity in the reform of the synodal system of relations and the solution of accumulated intra-church problems. The author examines the nature of the expansion of the participation of parish clergy and laity in church administration, the participation of diocesan bishops in these processes, the question of how the participants of the congresses imagined combining these ideas with the traditional hierarchical structure of the Church. The study is based on the protocols of the congresses of the clergy and laity and the discussion of their decisions on the pages of the periodical press of that time. The author comes to the conclusion that the congresses of the South of Russia have shown a desire to unite all members of the church community, without violating the traditional right of diocesan bishops to church governance. The revolt against the episcopal authority has passed the Cossack territories. In the inclusion of lower clergy and laity in the church administration, their participants saw the implementation of the principles of conciliarity. The most important component of the reform was the inclusion of laypeople in the church administration bodies of different levels, which took place at the initiative of the clergy as a whole.
Islamic banks as a model social responsibility
Authors:   Teacher in the Ministry of Education, Irbid, Jordan, Issa Nasser Abdullah Bani
Published: November 2021

This research aims to identify the difference between social responsibility in islamic thought and traditional thought. To show the role of some private companies such as islamic banks in social responsibility towards the community, such as their active role in supporting educational, cultural and community activities, which leads to increased people's appetite for it, and gain respect for other companies, which benefit them through increased profitability. Companies in society have a role other than their normal role of making profits, which they must play, which is their role in social responsibility towards society. In order to promote it, integrity, cooperation, solidarity, cohesion and cohesion of society.
Goethe and Pre-Islamic Poetry
Authors:   Jerash University, Jordan, Rabi Rabi Mahmoud
Published: November 2021

The hypothesis of this research is that the impact of Pre-Islamic poetry appeared early in the features of the German poet, Goethe, in contrast with the critics who studied this connection. This impact appears in his novel The Sorrows of Young Wrether, which is one of his early works (1774). The researcher thinks that Goethe was unintentionally influenced by Pre-Islamic poetry in general and by Tarafah Ibn Alabd (his life and his outstanding Mu'ullaqa, the Lameyah) in particular. The research tries to clarify similarities and convergences between the two poets along with the two texts (the novel and Mu'ullaqa).
Role of topical nadifloxacin as an empirical treatment in patients with skin and soft-tissue infections in India: A review and consensus
Authors: Sarkar Rashmi , Tahiliani Sushil , Madan Amit , Abraham Anil , Ganjoo Anil , Shah Bela J. , Godse Kiran , Lahiri Koushik , Salim T. , Karadkhele Archana , Muchchala Snehal , Rathod Rahul
Published: November 2021

Dermatologists often come across cases of skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) which have diverse clinical presentations. Various local, systemic, and environmental risk factors predispose an individual to develop SSTIs. Topical antimicrobial agents are frequently used in superficial uncomplicated SSTIs, whereas systemic therapy is generally reserved for use in severe cases. However, emergence of resistance to these agents is becoming a common problem in clinical practice. This necessitates the use of other classes of antimicrobials for the effective treatment of SSTIs. Nadifloxacin, a potential drug belonging to the fluoroquinolone group, has various advantages such as binding to bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV enzymes, inhibition of nor-A efflux pump, survival in acidic pH, anti-MRSA activity, and biofilms penetration. It has also shown least development of resistance since its introduction. Although its topical formulation has shown superior efficacy as an anti-acne agent, there are no specific guidelines for its appropriate use in SSTIs. Hence, a panel of experts was formed, under whose guidance an extensive literature search was performed in MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct databases. Using the modified Delphi technique, the available evidence was reviewed and corresponding recommendations were given for the use of topical Nadifloxacin as an empirical treatment in SSTIs.
Selection of psychotropics in dermatologic practice
Authors: Menon Vikas , Selvakumar Nivedhitha , Faheem Abdul
Published: November 2021

There is an increased prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in dermatologic disorders. However, these are often underrecognized and undertreated contributing to suboptimal adherence and therapeutic outcomes. A working knowledge of psychotropic medications and their use in dermatology is essential for comprehensive management of psychodermatological conditions. The present review provides a framework for use of psychotropic agents in dermatological settings and is intended to serve as a ready reckoner for the dermatologist. We initially review the general considerations involved in prescribing psychotropic agents in skin conditions. Next, we discuss individual classes of psychotropic agents such as anti-depressants, mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and anxiolytics focusing on preferred agents while prescribing. Finally, we discuss the common adverse cutaneous reactions reported with psychotropic agents.
Brain stem auditory evoked potential response in neonates after recovery from hyperbilirubinemia: A neurophysiological approach to screening neuronal hearing loss
Authors: Yadav Ram Lochan , Yadav Laxmi Kumari , Bhusal Pujan , Timilsina Sameer , Sapkota Niraj Khatri , Islam Md. Nazrul
Published: November 2021

Objectives:

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia leads to neurological damages including encephalopathy and hearing loss. This study aimed to screen and evaluate the hearing loss in neonates after recovery from hyperbilirubinemia using the Brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) test.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in Physiology Department at Chitwan Medical College, Nepal. It included 20 age and sex-matched neonates recently recovered from hyperbilirubinemia and 20 normal healthy controls. The external acoustic canals of subjects were checked for any blockage or collapse before BERA testing. The BERA recordings were performed after the neonate’s natural sleep following a standard lab protocol explained by Taylor’s Evoked Potential in Clinical Testing.

Results:

The BERA wave latencies were delayed with a higher number of case group neonates I (IL-75%, IR-80%), III (IIIL-70%, III R-80%), and V (VL-80%, VR-85%) than those of controls. The percentage of neonates with delayed interwave latencies was comparable between groups. The neonate’s hearing sensitivity assessed using the grades of hearing impairment by WHO revealed slight (threshold of hearing left ear [THL]-25% and threshold of hearing right ear [THR]-30%) and moderate (THL-40% and THR-35%) grades among cases whereas no impairment (THL-60% and THR-55%) in controls. The hearing thresholds were more in cases.

Conclusion:

The auditory pathway is highly sensitive to elevated serum bilirubin. BERA detects even a minute degree of hearing damage seen after complete treatment of hyperbilirubinemia. Therefore, BERA is a helpful tool in the early screening of hearing impairment in neonates. This improves prognosis by early management so that the neurosensory systems develop to their full extent and one can enjoy a normal social life.
Our Exciting Journey to ACT-451840
Authors: Boss Christoph , Wittlin Sergio
Published: November 2021

We describe our work resulting in the selection of ACT-451840 (38) as a novel antimalarial drug with a novel mode of action. The compound was broadly characterized in vitro as well as in vivo in rat PK experiments as well as two different mouse malaria models. In the P.berghei infected mouse model cure could be achieved at oral doses of 300 mg / kg over 3 consecutive days. ACT-451840 was clinically investigated up to an experimental human malaria infection model, where therapeutic effects could be shown.
Recent Developments and Aspects of Industrial Fluoroalkylation
Authors: Beller Matthias , Fischer Florian , Locher Andreas , Neumann Helfried , Taeschler Christoph , Ye Fei , Zhang Shaoke
Published: November 2021

Fluoroalkylations have received increasing attention in the academic and industrial environment due to the particular properties of the active ingredients, strongly influenced by fluoroalkyl substituents. The inherent difficulties of introducing a fluoroalkyl substituent into advanced intermediates has triggered the development of an enormous number of specialized reagents, which, however, are often not suitable for large scale applications. In contrast to this reagent based fluoroalkylation approach, the direct activation of industrially readily available fluoroalkyl halides could be more suitable for a large-scale processes. In this way the dithionite initiated fluoroalkylation as well as newly developed catalytic activated fluoroalkylation protocols were considered for industrial large-scale applications.
Fostering Research Synergies between Chemists in Swiss Academia and at Novartis
Authors: Meyer Arndt , Baeschlin Daniel , Brocklehurst Cara E. , Duckely Myriam , Gallou Fabrice , Lovelle Lucie E. , Parmentier Michael , Schlama Thierry , Snajdrova Radka , Auberson Yves
Published: November 2021

We present a short overview of the way Novartis chemists interact and collaborate with the academic chemistry community in Switzerland. This article exemplifies a number of collaborations, and illustrates opportunities to foster research synergies between academic and industrial researchers. It also describes established programs available to academic groups, providing them access to Novartis resources and expertise.
New Scale-Up Technologies for Hydrogenation Reactions in Multipurpose Pharmaceutical Production Plants
Authors: Furrer Thierry , Müller Benedikt , Hasler Christoph , Berger Bernhard , Levis Michael Karl , Zogg Andreas
Published: November 2021

The classical scale-up approach for hydrogenation reaction processes usually includes numerous laboratory and pilot scale experiments. With a novel scale-up strategy a significant number of these experiments may be replaced by modern computational simulations in combination with scale-down experiments. With only a few laboratory scale experiments and information about the production scale reactor, a chemical process model is developed. This computational model can be used to simulate the production scale process with a range of different process parameters. Those simulations are then validated by only a few experiments in an advanced scale-down reactor. The scale-down reactor has to be geometrically identical to the corresponding production scale reactor and should show a similar mass transfer behaviour. Closest similarity in terms of heat transfer behaviour is ensured by a sophisticated 3D-printed heating / cooling finger, offering the same heat exchange area per volume as in production scale. The proposed scale-up strategy and the custom-designed scale-down reactor will be tested by proof of concept with model reactions and those results will be described in a future publication. This project is an excellent example of a collaboration between academia and industry, which was funded by the Aargau Research Fund. The interest of academia is to study and understand all physical and chemical processes involved, whereas industry is interested in generating a robust and simple to use tool to improve scale-up and make reliable predictions.
A Decade of Successful Collaborations in Nutritional Compound Process Research and Development
Authors: Bonrath Werner , Goy Roman , Létinois Ulla , Müller Marc-Andre , Netscher Thomas , Schütz Jan , Medlock Jonathan
Published: November 2021

Collaborations between academia and industry are vital for modern industrial research and development projects, combining the best of both worlds to develop sustainable chemical processes. Herein we summarize a number of successful cooperations between DSM Nutritional Products and Swiss academic institutions that have been carried out over approximately the past decade. A wide variety of reactions and processes have been investigated with experts located in Switzerland. New synthetic routes, chemical transformations and reactor concepts have been developed to produce industrially relevant compounds. Additionally the scope of known catalytic systems has been probed and new catalysts showing improved selectivity have been designed, synthesized and tested. We describe how the research was supported by DSM, the parallel in-house investigations and also how the projects were continued and further developed.
A Personal Account on Industrial Collaborations in the Field of C–H Activation
Authors: Baudoin Olivier
Published: November 2021

In recent years, transition-metal-catalyzed C–H functionalization has emerged as a potentially greener alternative to classic cross-couplings and as a powerful tool to access complex functional molecules with improved step-economy. This short account relates our experience of industrial collaborations in C(sp3)–H bond activation, which were key to the development of this topic in our group. The synthesis of the antianginal drug Ivabradine led us to develop a general approach to benzocyclobutenes, which were further employed in pericyclic reactions. A follow-up study led us to discover a new method to construct arylcyclopropanes via double C–H activation and the coupling of two alkyl groups. Finally, targeting the herbicide Indaziflam contributed to develop C(sp3)–H activation as a powerful tool to access a variety of relevant indane motifs. We hope that these successful stories will help to stimulate further fruitful Industry-Academia collaborations in the field of synthetic chemistry.
Heterogeneous Metal-Organic Framework Catalysts for Suzuki-Miyaura Cross Coupling in the Pharma Industry
Authors: Cartagenove Daniele , Bachmann Stephan , Van Bokhoven Jeroen Anton , Püntener Kurt , Ranocchiari Marco
Published: November 2021

The synthesis of drug substances (DS) requires the continuous effort of the pharma industry to ensure high sustainability standards. Suzuki Miyaura cross coupling is a fundamental C-C bond-forming reaction to produce complex DS intermediates. The present contribution points out the way, in which the synthesis of DS intermediates by C-C cross coupling can be economically competitive, while minimizing waste by selecting the appropriate heterogeneous catalyst. By comparing homogeneous, immobilized heterogeneous catalysts on silica and metal-organic framework (MOF) catalysts, while considering the perspectives of academia and industry, the critical parameters for a successful industrial application of heterogeneous catalytic Suzuki Miyaura cross coupling reactions were identified. Heterogeneous catalysts, such as MOFs, may provide the complementary platform for reducing waste and the costs of production related to such transformations.
Visualisierung, ein hilfreiches Puzzleteil im Unterricht. Drei Beispiele aus meinem Chemieunterricht
Authors: Ehrensperger Hans Ueli
Published: November 2021

Es wird der Einsatz von eigenen Computerprogrammen im Chemieunterricht an Mittelschulen beschrieben.
FEATURES TECHNOLOGY OF GLUTEN-FREE BAKERY PRODUCTS
Authors: ВЕРШИНИНА О.Л. , ГОНЧАР В.В. , РОСЛЯКОВ Ю.Ф. , ЕРЕМИНА А.Е. , СИМОНЯН Э.А.
Published: November 2021

Исследована возможность использования полуобезжиренной льняной муки (ПЛМ) для улучшения качества и повышения пищевой ценности безглютеновых хлебобулочных изделий. В процессе исследования выпекали хлеб из рисовой муки с добавлением 4, 6, 9 и 11% ПЛМ. Контролем служил хлеб без добавления льняной муки. После выпечки определяли физико-химические показатели качества образцов рисового хлеба с ПЛМ. Установлено, что с увеличением содержания ПЛМ влажность в образцах хлеба снизилась на 0,4–5,7%; кислотность мякиша увеличилась на 57–185,7%. Удельный объем и пористость опытных образцов хлеба с добавлением ПЛМ в количествах 4 и 6% увеличились по сравнению с контролем на 9,1–13,6% и 3,21–8,1% соответственно, однако при увеличении дозировки льняной муки свыше 6% эти показатели снизились на 4,5–14,1% и 1,6–6,5% соответственно. Количество клетчатки при добавлении 6% ПЛМ увеличилось до 1,8%; белка – до 2,9%. Энергетическая ценность хлеба из смеси рисовой муки и ПЛМ осталась на уровне энергетической ценности хлеба из рисовой муки. Рекомендовано применение ПЛМ при производстве безглютенового хлеба из рисовой муки. Определена дозировка ПЛМ – 6% в смеси с рисовой мукой.

The possibility of using semi-fat-free linen flour (SFF LF) to improve the quality and nutritional value of gluten-free bakery products has been studied. During the study, bread was baked from rice flour with the addition of 4, 6, 9 and 11% SFF LF. The control served the bread without adding linen flour. After baking, the physicochemical parameters of the quality of rice bread samples with SFF LF were determined. It is established that with increase in the content of SFF LF moisture content in samples of bread was down 0,4 to 5,7%; the acidity of the crumb increased by 57–185,7%. The specific volume and porosity of bread samples with the addition of SFF LF in quantities of 4 and 6% increased compared to the control by 9,1–13,6% and 3,21–8,1%, respectively, but with an increase in the dosage of linen flour over 6%, these indicators decreased by 4,5–14,1% and 1,6–6,5%, respectively. The amount of fibre with the addition of 6% of SFF LF increased to 1,8%; protein – to 2,9%. The energy value of bread from a mixture of rice flour and SFF LF remained at the level of energy value of bread from rice flour. The use of SFF LF in the production of gluten-free bread from rice flour is recommended. The dosage of SFF LF – 6% in a mixture with rice flour was determined.
APPLICATION OF THE PUMPKIN POMACE POWDER IN ENRICHED CRACKER TECHNOLOGY
Authors: ДЕРКАНОСОВА Н.М. , ЗАЙЦЕВА И.И. , ЕМЕЛЬЯНОВ А.А. , ПОНОМАРЕВА Т.В. , СТАХУРЛОВА А.А. , ВУКИЧ С.М.
Published: November 2021

Рассмотрены аспекты применения вторичного продукта сокового производства – выжимок из тыквы, полученных конвективным вакуумным высушиванием при температуре, не превышающей 50°С, в качестве обогащающего пищевыми волокнами сырьевого ингредиента рецептуры крекера. Дана характеристика высушенных выжимок из тыквы сорта Мускатная. Приведены результаты исследования влияния порошка из выжимок тыквы дисперсностью от 63 до 125 мкм на хлебопекарные свойства муки – количество и качество клейковины, автолитическую активность. Обоснование рецептуры крекера с повышенным содержанием пищевых волокон и β-каротина проведено методом математического планирования – полный факторный эксперимент 22 с последующей оптимизацией методом ридж-анализа. Разработана производственная рецептура. Апробация разработанной рецептуры показала, что крекер с выжимками из тыквы в количестве 11,34 г/100 г муки имеет отличительные органолептические характеристики, обусловленные привкусом и ароматом тыквы, по физико-химическим показателям соответствует требованиям межгосударственного стандарта, по составу, г/100 г, пищевых волокон (3,4) и β-каротина (2,9) может быть отнесен к продукту – источнику пищевых волокон с высоким содержанием β-каротина.

The aspects of the use of the secondary product of juice production – pumpkin pomace obtained by convection vacuum drying at a temperature not exceeding 50°C, as an enriching raw ingredient of the cracker formulation with food fibers are considered. The characteristics of dried pumpkin pomace of Muscatnaya variety are given. The results of the study of the influence of pumpkin pomace powder dispersion from 63 to 125 microns on the baking properties of flour – the quantity and quality of gluten, autolytic activity are adduced. The substantiation of the cracker formulation with high content of dietary fibers and β-carotene was carried out by the method of mathematical planning – a complete factorial experiment 22 with subsequent optimization method by ridge analysis. The production formulation is developed. Approbation of the developed formulation showed that the cracker with pumpkin extracts – 11,34 g/100 g of flour has distinctive organoleptic characteristics due to the taste and aroma of pumpkin, on physical and chemical indicators meets the requirements of the interstate standard, by composition, g/100 g, dietary fiber (3,4) and β-carotene (2,9) can be attributed to the product – a source of dietary fiber with a high content of β-carotene.
STUDY OF QUALITY OF GOAT’S MILK AS RAW MATERIAL FOR FUNCTIONAL FOODS
Authors: УШАКОВА Ю.В. , МАКАРОВА С.Ю. , ЗАБЕЛИНА М.В. , САУКЕНОВА М.М. , РЫСМУХАМБЕТОВА Г.Е.
Published: November 2021

Исследованы показатели качества молока, полученного от коз русской породы Поволжского региона, с целью создания на его основе кулинарной продукции для людей с непереносимостью коровьего молока. Содержание массовой доли жира в молоке коз по разным месяцам лактации составило от 3,77 до 4,07%. Максимальные значения по данному показателю отмечены в первые два и последние два месяца лактации, что связано с кормовыми факторами. Содержание в цельном козьем молоке: лактозы 4,45–4,63%; СОМО в пределах нормы; плотность 29°А; титруемая кислотность 16–20°Т; соматических клеток менее 500 тыс./см3; ненасыщенных жирных кислот от 27,918 до 28,590%; коэффициент соотношения ненасыщенных и насыщенных жирных кислот в пределах от 0,414 до 0,437. Исследованное козье молоко использовано для разработки кулинарной продукции – блинов и оладий для диетического питания. В блинах и оладьях на козьем молоке с кукурузной мукой отмечено снижение белков на 22,0 и 24,6%, увеличение в 3,25 раза количества жиров и на 2,0 и 2,3% углеводов соответственно. Разработанные рецептуры диетических кулинарных изделий позволяют расширить ассортимент пищевых продуктов лечебно-профилактического назначения и массового потребления в целом.

The indicators of quality of the milk received from goats of the Russian breed of the Volga region for the purpose of creation on its basis of culinary production for the people suffering from intolerance of cow’s milk are investigated. The content of the mass fraction of fat in goat milk for different lactation months ranged from 3,77 to 4,07%. The maximum values on this indicator are noted the first two and last two months of lactation that it is connected with fodder factors. Content in whole goat’s milk: 4,45–4,63% of lactose; SOMO within norm; density of 29°A; titratable acidity 16–20°T; somatic cell count less than 500 thousand/cm3; unsaturated fatty acids from 27,918 to 28,590%; the ratio of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids ranged from 0,414 up to 0,437. The studied goat milk was used to develop culinary products – the pancakes and fritters for dietary nutrition. In pancakes and fritters on goat milk with corn flour there was a decrease in proteins by 22 and 24,6%, an increase of 3,25 times the amount of fat and 2,0 and 2,3% of carbohydrates, respectively. The developed recipes of dietary culinary products will allow expand the range of food products for therapeutic and preventive purposes and mass consumption in general.