bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of LINC00551 promotes autophagy-dependent ferroptosis of lung adenocarcinoma via upregulating DDIT4 by sponging miR-4328
Authors: Peng Xiong , Yang Rui , Peng Weilin , Zhao Zhenyu , Tu Guangxu , He Boxue , Cai Qidong , Shi Shuai , Yin Wei , Yu Fenglei , Tao Yongguang , Wang Xiang
Published: October 2022

According to mounting evidence, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a vital role in regulated cell death (RCD). A potential strategy for cancer therapy involves triggering ferroptosis, a novel form of RCD. Although it is thought to be an autophagy-dependent process, it is still unclear how the two processes interact. This study characterized a long intergenic noncoding RNA, LINC00551, expressed at a low level in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and some other cancers. Overexpression of LINC00551 suppresses cell viability while promoting autophagy and RSL-3-induced ferroptosis in LUAD cells. LINC00551 acts as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) and binds with miR-4328 which up-regulates the target DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 (DDIT4). DDIT4 inhibits the activity of mTOR, promotes LUAD autophagy, and then promotes the ferroptosis of LUAD cells in an autophagy-dependent manner. This study provided an insight into the molecular mechanism regulating ferroptosis and highlighted LINC00551 as a potential therapeutic target for LUAD.
Bulb Size Effects on Flowering and Bulb Production of Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) cv. Single
Authors: Islam Md. Mohimenul , Mondal M. Monjurul Alam , Reza Md. Selim , Hasan Md. Jahid , Mamun Md. Shah Abdullah Al , Nadim Md. Kawsar Alam
Published: October 2022

A field experiment was executed under sub-tropical conditions during the period from April 2020 to March 2021 to observe the effects of bulb sizes on the flower and bulb yield of tuberose cv. single. The experiment consisted of three bulb sizes namely, a small-sized bulb (1.0-1.5 cm in diameter); a medium-sized bulb (1.6-2.5 cm in diameter) and large sized bulb (2.6-3.0 cm in diameter). Results disclosed that plant height, the number of leaves plant-1, leaf length and breadth, the number of lateral shoots plant-1, production of bulbs plant-1, bulb length and diameter, bulb yield both plant-1 and hectare-1, length of rachis, spike length and diameter, the number of florets spike-1 and flower yield both spike-1 and hectare-1 were increased with the increment of bulb sizes. The longest plant, highest leaf production, larger leaf, bulb production plant-1, bulb size and bulb yield both plant-1 and hectare-1, rachis length, spike length and diameter, number of flowers spike-1, flower yield both spike-1 and hectare-1 were recorded in large sized mother bulb. In contrast, the lowest above the studied parameters were obtained in small-sized mother bulbs. So, large-sized bulbs can be used for commercial production of flowers and bulb of single cv. of tuberose.
Research Status of Robot Grab Detection Based on Vision
Authors: Longyan L. I. , Shaokui G. U.
Published: October 2022

With the progress of science and technology and the continuous improvement of living standards, robots are more and more widely used in life and production, and robot grasping technology is also constantly improving. In practical application, accurate grasp detection of target objects is an important part of robot grasping task. In this paper, the parallel two-fingered gripper is used as the end of the robot arm's grasping, and the research status of grasping detection, which is the key part in the grasping process of the robot arm based on vision, is summarized. The 2D planar grasping and 6-DOF spatial grasping are compared and analyzed in detail. At the same time, it also summarizes the commonly used evaluation indexes of capturing data sets and capturing detection, and points out the challenges faced by vision-based robot capturing and the future direction of solving these challenges.
Genetic Variability in Quantitative Traits of Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Genotypes at Bekoji District, Ethiopia
Authors: Ertiro Temesgen Abo
Published: October 2022

For resource-poor Ethiopian farmers, field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is the main source of protein. To increase the productivity of the crop and support farmers, the development of yield and disease-resistant varieties is an important activity. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine genetic variability and associated agronomic traits among field pea genotypes. A total of 49 field pea genotypes were evaluated at Bekoji in 2020 using a simple lattice design. Analyses of variance were performed on the morpho-agronomic data collected. Most traits were significantly different among genotypes, except pod per plant, pod length, and seed per pod. Variations in genotypes for grain yield ranged from 412 to 4498 kg ha-1.  EH 010011-3, EH 05048-5, and EK 08017-3 were the genotypes with the most yield advantage over Bursa (3714.0 kg ha -1), with yield advantages of 21.11, 1.13, and 1.19%, respectively, over the highest yielding check variety. Genotype EH 010011-3 showed the highest mean grain yield of 4498 kg/ha. Phenotypic coefficients of variation ranged from 2.33% for days to maturity to 29.40% for thousand seed weights, whereas genotypic coefficients of variation ranged from 2.20% to 24.31% for days to maturity. In general, the estimated broad sense heritability ranged from 63.85% for harvest index to 89.21% for days to maturity. The genetic advance as a percentage of mean ranged from 4.28% for days to maturity to 42.16% for grain yield. The study showed that field pea genotypes exhibit reasonable genetic variation, which could be used to develop breeding programs.
Clinical Study of Neurodegenerative Treatment on Glaucoma by Insulin Intravitreal Injection
Authors: Boudghene Amine Chaoui
Published: October 2022

Purpose: Our trail was to study insulin intravitreal injection’s (IIV) efficacity and safety to treat glaucoma neurodegeneration.

Methods: Eleven subjects (11eyes) were recruited;10 patients treated in a double masked randomized sham controlled including 5 patients received one IIV injection 3UI and 5 patients received one injection of balanced salt solution(BSS) 3UI. A follow up during 168days was realized using Optical Coherence Tomography(OCT) and visual field(VF).The eleventh patient received two IIV injection without masking the injection content within one month between each injection and followed up for 877days.All the patients have a correct ocular pressure and no ocular treatment was stopped.

Results: The 5 patients who received IIV revealed a swift improvement of decibel (DB), and remains stable during the first month. The average improvement was 6.62DB during 168days.The 5 patients treated with one BSS injection showed no significant improvement regaining 1. 45DB.The last patient who received two injections showed increase from 7.54DB to 17.22DB with a functional amelioration of 9. 68DB.The OCT examination showed a structural improvement during the first month, then returned to the initial value. No complication was observed during and after the treatment.

Conclusion: Insulin shows not only efficacity and safety but more than that, the visual field(VF) of the patients became stable and show no deterioration in all the follow up, which confirmed that insulin act to improve the function rather than structure. it means insulin reconnect the stoma and improve the neurite outgrowth This treatment will change the evolution of this pathology and protect the glaucomatous patients against blindness.
The Impact of Profitability on Earnings Management for Commercial Banks Listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange
Authors: Almansoori Dr. Mostafa , Yasser Afrah Obaid
Published: October 2022

The study aims to analyze and measure the impact of profitability on the profit management of banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange. The study relied on a set of financial ratios for the profitability index and the loan-loss allocation model (LLP) to measure profits management, in addition to a number of standard models and statistical analysis methods compatible with the nature of the study to estimate regression equations. Where the research community represents the commercial banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange, and the research sample was represented by (10) banks listed in the Iraqi Stock Exchange, and for a period of (2004-2020). The study concluded that there is a statistically significant effect of the independent variable profitability in the management of profits for commercial banks. Based on the results, a series of recommendations are made, the most important of which is the necessity of activating the role of the Securities Commission in controlling banks, and taking appropriate measures against banks that apply profit management, as this leads to misleading the users of financial statements.
The Impact of Career Development on the Individuals Well-being: A Case Analysis at Dhi Qar University
Authors: Jabbar Akram Ali , Kareem Mahmood Dakhil Abdul
Published: October 2022

The main objective of the research is to analyze the role of career development as an independent variable in job performance as a dependent variable through the individuals well-being as a mediating variable. The researcher chose the government colleges at the University of Dhi Qar, which included (Faculty of Medicine, College of Administration and Economics, College of Education for Sciences (Humanity), College of Education for Science (Pure), College of Arts, College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, College of Engineering, College of Science, College of Science Computers and Mathematics, College of Agriculture, College of Law, College of Islamic Sciences, College of Mass Communication, College of Archeology, College of Nursing, Presidency of Dhi Qar University) a spatial sample to conduct the research in a sample size of 107) of college deans, assistant deans and heads of departments in these colleges and the study tried Answering many questions that made up the research problem, perhaps the most prominent of which is the main question that states: Is it possible to develop a career path to predict the performance of working individuals, and is there a role in the individuals well-being in strengthening this relationship? The importance of the current research emerges from the importance of its variables and from the studies that emphasized the importance of verifying the relationship between those variables, in addition to the importance that these departments take into consideration with regard to the studied variables, in their quest to achieve outstanding levels of performance or desires similar to scientifically sound universities. To achieve the objectives of the study, which included revealing the nature of the relationship and influences between the variables of the study, the researcher adopted groups of hypotheses, correlation hypotheses, direct influence hypotheses, and indirect influence. To reach the objectives of the study and find answers to its questions and to test the hypotheses of the study, the researcher used many statistical methods, including the correlation coefficient (Pearson), structural equation modeling, and path analysis through statistical programs (AMOS V.26), (SPSS (V 26). The study reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which is the important role played by the development of the career path through the role of the individuals well-being. The concept of individual well-being for its importance in improving the psychological and personal aspect of the individual.
Threats to Evidence-Based Care With Teratogenic Medications in States With Abortion Restrictions
Authors: Rubin Rita
Published: October 2022

This Medical News article discusses how abortion bans could affect patients for whom teratogenic drugs are the standard of care.
Anakinra-Associated Amyloidosis
Authors: Alehashemi Sara , Dasari Surendra , de Jesus Adriana A. , Cowen Edward W. , Lee Chia-Chia Richard , Goldbach-Mansky Raphaela , McPhail Ellen D.
Published: October 2022

This case report describes 2 patients with iatrogenic amyloidosis secondary to subcutaneous injections of anakinra to manage neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease.
Outcomes of COVID-19 and Vaccination in Patients With Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis Treated With Tralokinumab
Authors: Blauvelt Andrew , Pink Andrew , Worm Margitta , Langley Richard G. B. , Elewski Boni E. , Gjerum Le , Guttman-Yassky Emma
Published: October 2022

This case series describes the outcomes of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with atopic dermatitis who have been treated with tralokinumab.
Numerous Angiomatous Lesions in an Infant
Authors: Reilly Catherine , Shah Nidhi , Habeshian Kaiane
Published: October 2022

A 3-month-old infant presented with bright red macules, papules, and plaques that appeared at birth and grew in size and number. What is your diagnosis?
Preliminary Research Priorities for Factors Influencing Individual Outcomes for Users of the US National Suicide Prevention Lifeline
Authors: Miller Adam Bryant , Oppenheimer Caroline W. , Glenn Catherine R. , Yaros Anna C.
Published: October 2022

Importance

Since July 2022, calling or texting 988 in the US connects callers to the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline following a law passed by Congress to simplify access to the mental health crisis line in the US. Compared with other areas of suicide research, knowledge regarding how and to what extent crisis lines prevent suicide crises and suicide deaths remains in its infancy. The state of this research is briefly reviewed and critical directions for future research on factors that may influence effectiveness are suggested.

Observations

The new 988 line stands to improve access to critical lifesaving measures in the moments of a suicidal crisis. However, urgent questions remain regarding how to improve effectiveness of crisis lines. Available evidence suggests that crisis lines are often effective at reducing immediate distress and reducing suicide risk, but substantial gaps remain in understanding how crisis lines work.

Conclusions and Relevance

Future research is recommended with suicide prevention crisis lines, such as 988, to identify and test factors influencing effectiveness, including conversation, consumer, dyadic, and structural-level characteristics. Existing research, while minimal, suggests that prescription of 988 to prevent suicide death is clinically warranted, but much more work is needed to optimize care.
2D Catalytic, Chemodynamic, and Ferroptotic Vermiculite Nanomedicine
Authors: Ma Lifang , Huang Hui , Feng Wei , Chen Liang , Xia Lili , Yu Yongchun , Wang Jiayi , Chen Yu
Published: October 2022

The emerging chemodynamic therapy employs an iron‐based catalytic Fenton reaction to transform less‐reactive endogenous hydrogen peroxide within the tumor microenvironment (TME) into a highly toxic hydroxyl radical for killing cancer cells. However, the effective deployment of chemodynamic modality remains challenging, mired by a paucity of Fenton agents and overexpressed antioxidant glutathione (GSH) in cancer cells. Herein, a clay‐based 2D vermiculite nanosheet as a self‐reinforcing chemodynamic nanoagent for efficient lung cancer treatment is engineered. The engineered 2D vermiculite nanosheets are not only biocompatible with normal cells but also capable of regulating the TME through depleting GSH, which ameliorates the antioxidant activity of cancer cells. Meanwhile, GSH consumption results in increased intracellular reactive oxygen species content and enhanced lipid peroxidation level, thus inducing ferroptosis and augmenting chemodynamic cell‐killing efficacy. In particular, the ferrous oxidase hephaestin is the direct therapeutic target for 2D vermiculite nanosheets to fight against lung cancer cells. Systematic in vivo evaluations on a xenografted tumor model verify the favorable biosafety and effective tumor suppression capacity of the engineered 2D vermiculite nanosheets‐mediated chemodynamic tumor therapy by inducing desirable ferroptosis. Therefore, the developed vermiculite nanosheets represent the paradigm of 2D ferroptosis‐inducing nanomedicine for synergistic and efficient cancer treatment.
Multiscale Architectured Membranes, Electrodes, and Transport Layers for Next‐Generation Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Jang Segeun , Kang Yun Sik , Kim Dohoon , Park Subin , Seol Changwook , Lee Sungchul , Kim Sang Moon , Yoo Sung Jong
Published: October 2022

Over the past few decades, considerable advances have been achieved in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) based on the development of material technology. Recently, an emerging multiscale architecturing technology covering nanometer, micrometer, and millimeter scales has been regarded as an alternative strategy to overcome the hindrance to achieving high‐performance and reliable PEMFCs. This review summarizes the recent progress in the key components of PEMFCs based on a novel architecture strategy. In the first section, diverse architectural methods for patterning the membrane surface with random, single‐scale, and multiscale structures as well as their efficacy for improving catalyst utilization, charge transport, and water management are discussed. In the subsequent section, the electrode structures designed with 1D and 3D multiscale structures to enable low Pt usage, improve oxygen transport, and achieve high electrode durability are elucidated. Finally, recent advances in the architectured transport layer for improving mass transportation including pore gradient, perforation, and patterned wettability for gas diffusion layer and 3D structured/engineered flow fields are described.
Reservoir Computing with Charge‐Trap Memory Based on a MoS2 Channel for Neuromorphic Engineering
Authors: Farronato Matteo , Mannocci Piergiulio , Melegari Margherita , Ricci Saverio , Compagnoni Christian Monzio , Ielmini Daniele
Published: October 2022

Novel memory devices are essential for developing low power, fast, and accurate in‐memory computing and neuromorphic engineering concepts that can compete with the conventional complementary metal−oxide−semiconductor (CMOS) digital processors. 2D semiconductors provide a novel platform for advanced semiconductors with atomic thickness, low‐current operation, and capability of 3D integration. This work presents a charge‐trap memory (CTM) device with a MoS2 channel where memory operation arises, thanks to electron trapping/detrapping at interface states. Transistor operation, memory characteristics, and synaptic potentiation/depression for neuromorphic applications are demonstrated. The CTM device shows outstanding linearity of the potentiation by applied drain pulses of equal amplitude. Finally, pattern recognition is demonstrated by reservoir computing where the input pattern is applied as a stimulation of the MoS2‐based CTMs, while the output current after stimulation is processed by a feedforward readout network. The good accuracy, the low current operation, and the robustness to input random bit flip makes the CTM device a promising technology for future high‐density neuromorphic computing concepts.
Functional Neuroimaging as an Assessment Tool in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Norton Loretta , Kazazian Karnig , Gofton Teneille , Debicki Derek B. , Fernandez‐Espejo Davinia , Peelle Jonathan E. , Al Thenayan Eyad , Young G. Bryan , Owen Adrian M.
Published: October 2022

Objective

Little is known about residual cognitive function in the earliest stages of serious brain injury. Functional neuroimaging has yielded valuable diagnostic and prognostic information in chronic disorders of consciousness, such as the vegetative state (also termed unresponsive wakefulness syndrome). The objective of the current study was to determine if functional neuroimaging could be efficacious in the assessment of cognitive function in acute disorders of consciousness, such as coma, where decisions about the withdrawal of life‐sustaining therapies are often made.

Methods

A hierarchical functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) approach assessed sound perception, speech perception, language comprehension, and covert command following in 17 critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Results

Preserved auditory function was observed in 15 patients (88%), whereas 5 (29%) also had preserved higher‐order language comprehension. Notably, one patient could willfully modulate his brain activity when instructed to do so, suggesting a level of covert conscious awareness that was entirely inconsistent with his clinical diagnosis at the time of the scan. Across patients, a positive relationship was also observed between fMRI responsivity and the level of functional recovery, such that patients with the greatest functional recovery had neural responses most similar to those observed in healthy control participants.

Interpretation

These results suggest that fMRI may provide important diagnostic and prognostic information beyond standard clinical assessment in acutely unresponsive patients, which may aid discussions surrounding the continuation or removal of life‐sustaining therapies during the early post‐injury period. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:131–141
Synthese von α‐Aminosäurederivaten durch hydrative Aminierung von Alkinen
Authors: Feng Minghao , Tinelli Roberto , Meyrelles Ricardo , González Leticia , Maryasin Boris , Maulide Nuno
Published: October 2022

α‐Aminosäurederivate sind Kernbestandteile jeglichen Lebens. Die Synthese von α‐Aminocarbonyl/carboxyl Verbindungen ist jedoch weiterhin eine Herausforderung für die organische Synthese. In dieser Arbeit berichten wir von einer praktischen Herstellungsmethode für α‐Aminosäurederivate durch direkte hydrative Aminierung von aktivierten Alkinen mit Sulfinamiden unter milden Bedingungen. Computergestützte Untersuchungen legen nahe, dass eine [2,3]‐sigmatrope Sulfoniumumlagerung der zentrale Schritt der Reaktion ist.
Doping/Alloying Pathways to Lead‐Free Halide Perovskites with Ultimate Photoluminescence Quantum Yields
Authors: Stroyuk Oleksandr , Raievska Oleksandra , Hauch Jens , Brabec Christoph J.
Published: October 2022

Tailored modifications of halide lead‐free perovskites (LFPs) via doping/alloying with metal cations have been recognized as a promising pathway to highly efficient inorganic phosphors with photoluminescence (PL) quantum yields of up to 100 %. Such materials typically display selective sensitivity to UV light, a broad PL range, and long PL lifetimes as well as a unique compositional variability and stability—an ideal combination for many light‐harvesting applications. This Minireview presents the state‐of‐the‐art in doped LFPs, focusing on the reports published mostly in the last two to three years. We discuss the factors determining the efficiency and spectral parameters of the broadband PL of doped LFPs depending on the dopant and host matrix, both in micro‐ and nanocrystalline states, address the most relevant challenges this rapidly developing research area is facing, and outline the most promising concepts for further progress in this field.
Effects of crystallization temperature and cooling rate on the polymorphism of trans‐1,4‐polyisoprene vulcanizate
Authors: Wang Wenjun , Yu Xinyu , Xia Mingchen , Wang Dongdong , Wu Jinghua , Hu Jian , Yan Shouke , Xue Meiling
Published: October 2022

The effects of crystallization temperature and cooling rate on the polymorphism of trans‐1,4‐polyisoprene vulcanizate (TPI‐V) with different sulfur dosages were monitored by WAXD in real time. The results showed that both the crystallization temperature and the cooling rate play decisive roles in determining the polymorphism and their relative amounts, whereas their effects are interfered by the crosslinking density which restrains the crystallization kinetics. Only α crystal is formed when crystallization is conducted at 40°C or greater and mixed α/β crystals are obtained in the temperature range of 10–30°C. β crystal is predominate when crystallized at 10°C while α crystal is limited at 30°C. Both the lower temperature and increased crosslinking density are beneficial to β crystal formation. A high crosslinking density causes a prolonged time is needed for pure α crystal formation, and hinders the TPI‐Vs from forming pure α crystal even if crystallization is conducted at 45°C. A lower cooling rate favors the formation of α crystal while a higher cooling rate favors β crystal formation. The β spherulites are much brighter than α spherulites under the observation of polarized microscopy.
Gel Electrolyte for Li Metal Battery
Authors: Wu Chen , Zeng Wei
Published: October 2022

The pursuit of high energy density enables lithium metal batteries (LMBs) to become the research hotpot again. However, the safety concerns including easy leakage and inflammability of the liquid electrolyte and the performance deterioration due to the uncontrollable Li dendrites growth in liquid electrolyte limit the further development of LMBs. Gel electrolyte, the most promising alternative for the commercial liquid electrolyte, is expected to solve the dilemma faced by the liquid electrolyte because of its higher safety, good flexibility and adaptability to the electrode and high ionic conductivity comparable to that of liquid electrolyte. Deeply understanding the characteristics and the role of the gel electrolyte in LMBs is of great importance to achieve superior electrochemical performance of LMBs. In this review, we comprehensively introduce the chemical fundamental of the gel electrolyte. On this basis, the modification strategies and the recent progress of the gel electrolyte for LMBs are systematically reviewed and particularly highlighted, which are categorized based on composition regulation, structural design and functional design. We endeavor to provide guidance for the rational design of the gel electrolyte with superior properties for LMBs.
Datenbasiert Energieverbrauch und Raumklima öffentlicher Gebäude verbessern – Literaturstudie mit Fokus auf den Erfolg von Ansätzen
Authors: Bachlechner Daniel , Rader Michael , van Karsbergen Vincent , Pfluger Rainer
Published: October 2022

Für das Erreichen der Klimaziele ist die Reduktion des Energiebedarfs von öffentlichen Gebäuden aufgrund ihrer Vorbildwirkung von besonderer Bedeutung. Gleichzeitig sind ein angenehmes Raumklima und unbelastete Innenraumruft für die Behaglichkeit und die Gesundheit der Gebäudenutzer von entscheidender Bedeutung. Rasante Entwicklungen bei Sensoren sowie in den Bereichen Datenanalyse und Simulation haben dazu geführt, dass zunehmend versucht wird, mithilfe von datenbasierten Ansätzen Verbesserungen bei Energieverbrauch und Raumklima zu erzielen. Auch wenn öffentliche Gebäude im Vergleich zu Wohngebäuden im wissenschaftlichen Diskurs eine untergeordnete Rolle spielen, hat die Dynamik zuletzt so stark zugenommen, dass es immer schwieriger wird, den Überblick darüber zu behalten, welche Ansätze in welchen Situationen mit welchem Erfolg angewendet werden. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird eine Literaturstudie vorgestellt, die sich mit dieser Problematik befasst. Für die Studie wurden 91 von Experten begutachtete Artikel untersucht, die zwischen 2014 und 2022 in wissenschaftlichen Zeitschriften veröffentlicht worden sind. Festgestellt wurde, dass die Bedeutung des Raumklimas bei datenbasierten Ansätzen im Vergleich zu der des Energieverbrauchs zunimmt, gebäudemodellbasierte Simulationen mit zunehmender Häufigkeit eingesetzt werden, sich Artikel mit sehr spezifischen Fragestellungen beschäftigen und eine Ende‐zu‐Ende‐Betrachtung, die auch die Gebäudenutzer berücksichtigt, meist ausbleibt.
Teaching data analysis for building performance simulation – Series: Building simulation and calculation tools in teaching
Authors: Hopfe Christina Johanna , McLeod Robert Scot , Gustin Matej , Brembilla Eleonora , McElroy Lori
Published: October 2022

The Erasmus+ project, entitled ‘Digital Erasmus – a roadmap to using building performance simulation to achieve resilient design’ (DesRes), seeks to transform the learning experience of students in built environment disciplines using a continuous digital learning cycle. Three universities play a part in this project: Graz University of Technology (TU Graz), Delft University of Technology (TU Delft) and the University of Strathclyde (UoS), each developing and delivering a module to complete the learning experience in building simulation. This paper describes the aims and learning objectives associated with the workshops taught at TU Graz as part of the module dedicated to energy monitoring. These workshops tackle the complexity of working with large data sets, which commonly arise from energy monitoring research. In particular, the workshops aim to provide a practical understanding of how to identify, handle, reshape, clean up and evaluate important summary statistics from incomplete data sets. These are fundamental skills in building simulation where model validation and calibration are increasingly commonplace.
Cell growth and the cell cycle: New insights about persistent questions
Authors: Øvrebø Jan Inge , Ma Yiqin , Edgar Bruce A.
Published: October 2022

Before a cell divides into two daughter cells, it typically doubles not only its DNA, but also its mass. Numerous studies in cells ranging from yeast to mammals have shown that cellular growth, stimulated by nutrients and/or growth factor signaling, is a prerequisite for cell cycle progression in most types of cells. The textbook view of growth‐regulated cell cycles is that growth signaling activates the transcription of G1 Cyclin genes to induce cell proliferation, and also stimulates anabolic metabolism and cell growth in parallel. However, genetic knockout tests in model organisms indicate that this is not the whole story, and new studies show that additional, “smarter” mechanisms help to coordinate the cell cycle with growth itself. Here we summarize recent advances in this field, and discuss current models in which growth signaling regulates cell proliferation by targeting core cell cycle regulators via non‐transcriptional mechanisms.
The impact of modifications in cadaver dissection time on student learning outcomes in a doctor of physical therapy program
Authors: Donovan Skye , Negley Kelly J. , Moran Megan W. , Craig PT Jason A.
Published: October 2022

Human anatomy is a foundational component of medical and allied health professional education. Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) programs are required to teach anatomy, however the pedagogies used are at the discretion of faculty and institutions. Cadaver dissection may have been the predominant instruction methodology in DPT programs in the past; new technology provides alternative interactive teaching methods. This paper describes the modifications in an anatomy curriculum over 5 years in one DPT program, and the impact on student perception and learning outcomes. This was a retrospective, quantitative study that utilized a survey to collect data on student perceptions about the anatomy pedagogy; the learning outcomes analyzed were grades and licensure exam pass rates. We report on outcomes for five cohorts within one DPT program. IRB approval was obtained for the research. Despite the decrease in cadaver laboratory time after 2016, students' final exam grades in Gross Anatomy improved and the first time pass rate for the national licensure exam increased. Most students rated cadaver laboratory and the active learning assignments that replaced traditional cadaver laboratory time as valuable to their learning; however, there were differences in opinions between cohorts. Although the outcomes might not reflect a direct result of dissection time, the study confirmed that using alternative methods for teaching anatomy did not hinder student performance. Using innovative pedagogy allows educators to achieve student success in spite of decreased gross dissection time.
Divergent Copper‐salt‐controlled Reactions of Donor‐Acceptor Cyclopropanes and N‐Fluorobenzene Sulfonimide: Access to the 1,3‐Haloamines and Aminoindanes
Authors: Liu Lingyan , Wang Xiao , Xiao Weiguo , Chang Weixing , Li Jing
Published: October 2022

We herein report a method for divergent copper salt controlled reactions of donor‐acceptor cyclopropanes and N‐fluorobenzene sulfonimide (NFSI). Specifically, in the presence of CuX2 (X=Cl, Br), the cyclopropanes underwent formal umpolung 1,3‐aminohalogenation bifunctionalization via a free radical mediated ring‐opening process to afford 1,3‐aminochlorination and 1,3‐aminobromination products in moderate to good yields. In addition, by using CuI as a catalyst, we synthesized various aminoindane derivatives via 1,3‐aminoarylation cyclization of D‐A cyclopropanes, the reactions involved a free radical mediated ring‐opening and subsequent ring expansion via C−H bond activation.
Programmable Photocatalytic Activity of Multicomponent Covalent Organic Frameworks Used as Metallaphotocatalysts
Authors: Traxler Michael , Reischauer Susanne , Vogl Sarah , Roeser Jérôme , Rabeah Jabor , Penschke Christopher , Saalfrank Peter , Pieber Bartholomäus , Thomas Arne
Published: October 2022

The multicomponent approach allows to incorporate several functionalities into a single covalent organic framework (COF) and consequently allows the construction of bifunctional materials for cooperative catalysis. The well‐defined structure of such multicomponent COFs is furthermore ideally suited for structure‐activity relationship studies. We report a series of multicomponent COFs that contain acridine‐ and 2,2’‐bipyridine linkers connected through 1,3,5‐benzenetrialdehyde derivatives. The acridine motif is responsible for broad light absorption, while the bipyridine unit enables complexation of nickel catalysts. These features enable the usage of the framework materials as catalysts for light‐mediated carbon−heteroatom cross‐couplings. Variation of the node units shows that the catalytic activity correlates to the keto‐enamine tautomer isomerism. This allows switching between high charge‐carrier mobility and persistent, localized charge‐separated species depending on the nodes, a tool to tailor the materials for specific reactions. Moreover, nickel‐loaded COFs are recyclable and catalyze cross‐couplings even using red light irradiation.
From Lignin to Chemicals: An Expedition from Classical to Modern Catalytic Valorization Technologies
Authors: Al‐Naji Majd , Brandi Francesco , Drieß Matthias , Rosowski Frank
Published: October 2022

For the transition towards greener biorefineries with reduced waste, valorization of lignin to drop‐in chemicals instead of their combustion for energy purposes is a key issue for future processes. In this context, lignin should be extracted from lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) and fragmented into smaller units, followed by catalytic funneling to fine chemicals. In this review, we report on the classical approaches for lignin valorization from LCB: thermal treatments, solvolytic valorization, acid‐catalyzed process, and base‐catalyzed process. We also provide the reader with the modern approach of lignin valorization that led to an integrated LCB biorefinery. The performance of different solid catalysts in lignin‐first approach via reductive or oxidative catalytic fractionation at different conditions is discussed in detail.
Thrombus Inhibition and Neuroprotection for Ischemic Stroke Treatment through Platelet Regulation and ROS Scavenging
Authors: Ye Hongbo , Ma Zhifang , Liu Lei , Zhang Tianci , Han Qiaoyi , Xiang Zehong , Xia Yu , Ke Yue , Guan Xinghua , Shi Qiang , Ataullakhanov Fazly I. , Panteleev Mikhail
Published: October 2022

Ischemic stroke is caused by cerebrovascular stenosis or occlusion. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the focus‐triggering factor of irreversible injury in ischemic regions, which result in harmful cascading effects to brain tissue, such as inflammation and microthrombus formation. In the present work, we designed nanodelivery systems (NDSs) based on MnO2 loaded with Ginkgolide B (GB) for restoring the intracerebral microenvironment in ischemic stroke, such as ROS scavenging, O2 elevation, thrombus inhibition and damage repair. GB can activate the endogenous antioxidant defense of cells by enhancing the nuclear factor‐E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling pathway, thus protecting brain tissue from oxidative damage. However, the blood–brain barrier (BBB) is also a therapeutic obstacle for the delivery of these agents to ischemic regions. MnO2 nanoparticles have an inherent BBB penetration effect, which enhances the delivery of therapeutic agents within brain tissue. MnO2, with mimicking enzymatic activity, can catalyze the decomposition of overproduced H2O2 in the ischemic microenvironment to O2, meanwhile releasing platelet‐antagonizing GB molecules, thus alleviating cerebral hypoxia, oxidative stress damage, and microthrombus generation. This study may provide a promising therapeutic route for regulating the microenvironment of ischemic stroke through a combined function of ROS scavenging, microthrombus inhibition, and BBB penetration.
Recent Advances of Anticancer Studies Based on Nano‐Fluorescent Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Liang Ranxi , Liu Ning , Li Feize
Published: October 2022

Nano‐fluorescent metal‐organic frameworks (NF‐MOFs), a kind of newly emerged nano‐scaled platform, can provide visual, rapid, and highly sensitive optical imaging of cancer lesions both in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, the excellent porosity, structural tunability, and chemical modifiability also enable NF‐MOFs to achieve simultaneous loading of targeted molecules and therapeutic agents. These NF‐MOFs not only possess excellent targeted imaging ability, but also can guide the carried cargos to perform precise therapy, drawing considerable attention in current framework of anticancer drug design. In this review, we outline the fluorescence types and response mechanisms of NF‐MOFs, and highlight their applications in cancer diagnosis and therapy in recent years. Based on this panorama, we also discuss current issues and future trends of NF‐MOFs in biomedical fields, attempting to clarify the potential value of fluorescence imaging guided anticancer investigations.
Correlation between the Properties of Surface Lattice Oxygen on NiO and Its Reactivity and Selectivity towards the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane
Authors: Tan Chunxiao , Liu Huixian , Qin Yuyao , Li Liwen , Wang Hua , Zhu Xinli , Ge Qingfeng
Published: October 2022

Modified NiO catalysts with controllable vacancies and dopants are promising for alkene production from oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of light alkanes, and a molecular understanding of the modification on elementary reaction steps would facilitate the design of highly efficient catalysts and catalytic processes. In this study, density functional theory (DFT) calculations was used to map out the complete reaction pathways of propane ODH on the NiO (100) surfaces with different modifiers. The results demonstrated that the presence of vacancies (O and Ni) and dopants (Li and Al) alters the electrophilicity of surface oxygen species, which in turn affects the reactivity towards C−H bond activation and the overall catalytic activity and selectivity. The strongly electrophilic O favors a radical mechanism for the first C−H activation on O followed by the second C−H activation on O−O site, whereas weak electrophilic O favors concerted C−H bond breaking over Ni−O site. The C−H bond activation proceeds through a late transition state, characterized by the almost completion of the O−H bond formation. Consequently, the adsorption energy of H adatom on O rather than p‐band center or Bader charge of O has been identified to be an accurate descriptor to predict the activation barrier for C−H breaking (activity) as well as the difference between the activation barriers of propene and CH3CCH3 (selectivity) of ODH.
Methods for Recombinant Production and Purification of Peptides as SUMO‐Peptide‐Intein Fusion Proteins to Protect from Degradation
Authors: Lamer Tess , van Belkum Marco J. , Vederas John C.
Published: October 2022

Heterologous expression in Escherichia coli is a commonly used method to produce ribosomally synthesized peptides for further study. This generally requires expression of the target protein with an affinity fusion tag, followed by isolation of the fusion protein from a cellular lysate by affinity purification, and finally by removal of the fusion tag and purification of the desired peptide. Sometimes, however, fusion proteins may be degraded during recombinant expression in E. coli. We recently reported an expression system that sandwiches the target peptide between an N‐terminal small ubiquitin‐like modifier (SUMO) protein and a C‐terminal intein. This SUMO‐peptide‐intein (SPI) fusion protein protects the central peptide from degradation and can lead to improved peptide yield after purification. In this report, we detail the cloning, expression, and isolation procedures for the SPI fusion system, with comments on conditions that can be optimized for different peptides to obtain maximal yield for each construct. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Basic Protocol 1: Cloning to construct SPI gene

Basic Protocol 2: Expression of SPI fusion proteins in E. coli BL21(DE3)

Support Protocol: Optimization of expression and induction conditions

Basic Protocol 3: Isolation and purification of SPI fusion proteins with a chitin column

Alternate Protocol: Isolation and purification of SPI fusion proteins without chitin
H2O Activity Adjustment by Hydrogen Bonding Enables High‐Performance Zn‐Organic Battery
Authors: Zhou Kang , Wang Nan , Qiu Xuan , Xie Haijiao , Wei Peng , Dong Xiaoli , Wang Yonggang
Published: October 2022

The advantages of low cost and high safety of zinc (Zn) metal have attracted much attention on its application in batteries, but H2O‐induced issues of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), Zn corrosion, and Zn dendrites formation limit the application. Here, a strategy of adjusting H2O activity was provided by adding glycerol (GL) and acetonitrile (AN) into aqueous electrolyte to form hydrogen bonds between organic solvents and H2O, which alleviated the Zn corrosion. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation indicated that GL could exclude H2O from the Zn2+ solvation shell, thus preventing undesired HER and Zn dendrites formation. Therefore, the corresponding Zn//Zn symmetrical cell showed a ultralong lifespan (1300 h). Then, a Zn‐organic battery with 3,7‐dimorpholino‐phenothiazin‐5‐ium iodide (FD28) cathode was fabricated by using such electrolyte. Interestingly, the reduced H2O activity also ensured the stable operation of organic cathode, and thus the full cell showed superior cycle stability for over 9000 cycles (≈1100 h), which is superior to previous reports. Moreover, such electrolyte owns novel properties of nonflammability, great weatherability, and low freezing point, thus boosting the practicality of the battery.
Prognostic impact of upper and lower extremity muscle mass in heart failure
Authors: Konishi Masaaki , Akiyama Eiichi , Matsuzawa Yasushi , Sato Ryosuke , Kikuchi Shinnosuke , Nakahashi Hidefumi , Okada Kozo , Iwahashi Noriaki , Kosuge Masami , Ebina Toshiaki , Hibi Kiyoshi , Misumi Toshihiro , Tamura Kouichi , Kimura Kazuo
Published: October 2022

Aims

Reduced skeletal muscle mass is a major component of sarcopenia, associated with impaired exercise capacity and poor prognosis in patients with heart failure (HF). Measurement of skeletal muscle mass by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry may be affected by fluid retention, typically in the patients' lower extremities. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the association between upper and lower extremity skeletal muscle mass (USM and LSM) and all‐cause mortality in hospitalized patients with HF, after discharge.

Methods

This was a single‐centre observational cohort study of 418 patients (59% were men) admitted with a diagnosis of HF (71 ± 13 years), with a left ventricular ejection fraction of 39 ± 16%. USM and LSM were measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry with patients in a stable state after decongestion therapy.

Results

The USM and LSM were 5.29 ± 1.18 and 13.78 ± 3.20 kg for men and 3.37 ± 0.68 and 9.19 ± 1.80 kg for women. A positive correlation was obtained between USM and LSM with mid‐upper arm circumference (r = 0.684, P < 0.001) and calf circumference (r = 0.822, P < 0.001), respectively. During a median follow‐up of 37 months, 92 (22.0%) of the 418 patients died. A Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that sex‐specific quartiles of USM/height2 and LSM/height2 were associated with all‐cause mortality (both P < 0.001 by the log‐rank test). In Cox models adjusted by age, sex, creatinine, haemoglobin, NYHA class, and height2, the hazard ratio with 95% confidence intervals for all‐cause mortality was 0.557 [0.393–0.783] (P < 0.001) for USM per 1 kg, and 0.783 [0.689–0.891] (P < 0.001) for LSM per 1 kg. The receiver‐operator‐characteristic curve analysis showed a comparable area under the curve between the USM/height2 and LSM/height2 (0.557 vs. 0.568, P = 0.562) in predicting all‐cause mortality. The ratio of USM to LSM was significantly lower in 37 patients with residual leg oedema than in the 360 patients without oedema (36.1% vs. 38.1%, P = 0.004), suggesting the influence of oedema on measured LSM.

Conclusions

Both USM and LSM had a prognostic implication on mortality after discharge in HF, even though LSM may have been affected by leg oedema. These findings indicate that clinicians should not ignore a patient's USM or LSM in the prognostication of patients with HF.
Carbonylative Ring Expansion of Epoxides to β‐Lactones Using Inorganic Salt as Catalytic Species Precursor
Authors: He L. , Yang J.‐C. , Song T.‐T. , Liu Y. , Lu X.‐B.
Published: October 2022

Transition‐metal‐catalyzed carbonylative transformation is a well‐established and indispensable tool in organic chemistry, partially due to that CO is a cheap and readily available C1‐building block. The β‐lactone products via carbonylative ring expansion of epoxide are particularly attractive, because they feature broad utility in organic and polymer chemistry. One of the major challenges for this promising reaction is the usage of toxic, moderately air sensitive, unstable and pyrophoric low‐valent cobalt catalysts. Inorganic salts feature high abundance in nature, and the generation of catalytic species from in situ reduction of divalent cobalt(II) salt has received intense attention, which avoids the unnecessary storage and transport of sensitive low‐valent cobalt compounds. Herein, we have employed this strategy for the selectively carbonylative ring expansion of epoxides under an extremely mild condition, e. g. 40 °C and 1 atm CO pressure. This method eliminates the usage of extremely sensitive cobalt carbonyl catalyst. In addition, this reaction is tolerant to a variety of epoxides, and up to 15 examples of β‐lactones with excellent functionality have been isolated in moderate to excellent yields and selectivity.
Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on Biowaste Tribopositive Delonix Regia Flowers Powder
Authors: Patil Swapnil R. , Chougale Mahesh Y. , Kim Jungmin , Shaukat Rayyan Ali , Noman Muhammad , Saqib Qazi Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Umair , Dongale Tukaram D. , Bae Jinho
Published: October 2022

Sustainable energy harvesting technologies for maintaining the social ecosystem are predominantly addressing global challenges. Nowadays, non‐toxic and low‐cost energy‐generating nature materials are getting great attention for the development of flexible triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). Herein, Delonix regia flowers (DRFs) derived biowaste‐based tribopositive material are used to develop the high‐performance triboelectric nanogenerator. DRFs have the presence of carbonyl, hydroxyl, and amino acids functional groups, which plays a key role to demonstrate the electron‐donating ability of the DRFs. The proposed DRFs/PTFE device with a 20 cm2 size and 6 mm separation distance exhibits a higher performance of voltage (655 V), current (59 μA), and instantaneous power (220.2 μW cm−2) under uniform external stress at 10 Hz frequency by air cylinder motor. It has also investigated the performance of the different device sizes and the spacing effect between triboelectric layers. The DRFs/PTFE‐structured TENG exhibits excellent ability to lit up the 210 light emitting diodes and run up the low‐power electronic stopwatch. According to the presented results, DRFs could be a superior candidate for triboelectric nanogenerator applications.