bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRADITIONAL AND MODERN VISUALIZATION METHODS IN TEACHING HISTOLOGY
Authors: E.V. Sivukhina , S.G. Konovalova , T.V. Fedotkina , E.A. Shamray , S.V. Shuyskaya , L.S. Shuyskiy
Published: December 2023

Currently, in the teaching of morphological disciplines, there is an acute problem of achieving a balance between the use of traditional methods and the involvement of innovative digital technologies for students training. The purpose of this study was to analyse classical and innovative methods of visualization of histological specimens and to develop proposals for their optimal use in teaching of medical students. The article presents our own long-term experience in teaching morphological disciplines with the involvement of recent literary sources on the methodology of teaching histology, in terms of the contribution of traditional and modern methods to the effectiveness and efficiency of the educational process. The features of the implementation of the course of histology at the Institute of Medical Education in the Almazov Centre are described. The reasons for the need to change approaches to the study of the discipline are presented. The transformation that has taken place in the last decade at the departments of histology in universities, which consists of finding the optimal balance between maintaining the traditional scheme of studying and controlling the assimilation of discipline, and the active integration of digital technologies into the educational process, is considered. Emphasis is placed on the need to improve pedagogical methods, master new educational technologies and actively apply them along with the generally accepted "classical" methods, in order to achieve the main goal - the education of medical stuff of the highest qualification in accordance with the modern needs of society and with the perspective for the future.
EXTERNAL RESPIRATION INDICATORS OF PATIENTS OF THE FUNCTIONAL DIAGNOSTICS DEPARTMENT NATIONAL MEDICINE CENTER
Authors: V.A. Alekseeva , A.B. Guryeva , V.A. Doctorov
Published: December 2023

The purpose: To characterize the indicators of external respiration of patients of the functional diagnostics department National Center of Medicine n.a. M.E. Nikolaev. The study included the results of a survey of 55 male patients, whose average age was 51,75±9,35 years. The index assessment included the determination of body mass index, Brock index, Yarho-Kaupe index, Rohrer index. Spirometry was performed using a Master Screen spirometer@ Body. A bronchodilatation test was performed using salbutamol. Statistical processing of the material was carried out using the SPSS application software package for Windows (version 27,0). It was revealed that the majority of patients have normal body weight according to the Quetelet index and the Broca index, increased body density according to the Yarho-Kaupe index and high physical development according to the Rohrer index. According to spirometry data, 50,9% of the examined patients revealed a low level of vital lung capacity, 56,3% had a reduced Tiffno index, 63,7% of patients had a low level of peak volume expiratory velocity. According to the FEV1 indicator, 41,8% have pronounced ventilation disorders. In most of the examined individuals, the patency of the bronchial tree is impaired at the level of medium and large bronchi (65,5% and 61,8%, respectively). In 41,4% of patients, the result of the bronchodilation test was positive. Of these, 50,0% had a bronchodilation coefficient of more than 12% - a positive test, 50,0% – a negative test. Thus, an index assessment of physical development and characteristics of spirometric indicators of patients of the Department of functional diagnostics of the M.E. Nikolaev NCM were obtained.
PREVENTION OF INTESTINAL DYSFUNCTION AFTER EXTRA-ABDOMINAL SURGERY
Authors: M.G. Abbasov , R.A. Sulimanov , A.N. Tkachenko
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Currently, intestinal dysfunction is an actual problem in abdominal surgery. According to data based on observations in different countries, this complication verified after surgical interventions outside the abdominal cavity. The review is devoted to the analysis of complications in abdominal cavity after non-abdominal operations.
Postoperative abdominal complications developed after interventions in the retroperitoneal space, thoracic surgery, operations on pelvic organs, in the lumbar spine and other interventions. All these operations could cause evacuation disturbances and abnormal intestinal transit. Various terms are used to describe this condition, such as “postoperative flatulence”, “dynamic intestinal obstruction”, “functional intestinal stasis”, “postoperative functional intestinal obstruction”, “postoperative intestinal paresis”. The main cause of postoperative intestinal dysfunction is impaired intestinal motility.
The purpose of the review is to analyze methods of prevention of intestinal functions that developed after extra - abdominal surgery.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS OF THE GENITOURINARY SYSTEM AND FEATURES OF PROVIDING MEDICAL CARE TO THE POPULATION IN THE "ONCOLOGY" PROFILE IN THE NORTH-WEST OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION (ARKHANGELSK REGION)
Authors: K.O. Bokareva , M.V. Stashevskaya , A.L. Sannikov , R.V. Kubasov , A.G. Kalinin
Published: December 2023

Relevance. At the moment, there is an increase in the incidence of malignant neoplasms in the Russian Federation. The Arkhangelsk region is no exception in this case. A fairly significant share of all malignant diseases is occupied by neoplasms of the genitourinary system, which are sometimes difficult to diagnose and eliminate in time. The aim of the work is to identify of the features of the epidemiological situation of morbidity and mortality of the population of the Arkhangelsk region with malignant neoplasms of the genitourinary system, as well as the effectiveness of the organization of the processes of medical care, prevention and early detection of this pathology. Materials and methods. Statistical data (Federal State Statistics Service, Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System, Cancer Register) linked to the incidence of cancer of the genitourinary system in residents of the Arkhangelsk region were used. A comparative analysis was carried out with those on average in the Russian Federation. The results of the study. Throughout the entire study period (from 2011 to 2019, with the exception of 2020), there was an increase in the detection of oncological pathology of the genitourinary system in the population of the Arkhangelsk region. The decline in 2020 is closely related to the spread of COVID-19 and limiting measures. The average mortality rates in the Arkhangelsk region from malignant neoplasms of the genitourinary system from 2011 to 2021 practically did not differ from the average Russian. Since 2016, there has been a slight increase in the indicator of early diagnosis of oncological diseases of the genitourinary system in the region. It reflects the effectiveness of the measures taken to fight cancer, in particular, the introduction of the Federal program "Fight against oncological diseases". The conclusion is made about the need for further implementation of this program, its continuous improvement and exchange of experience with other regions.
BODY-ORIENTED PSYCHOTHERAPY FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH CANCER
Authors: Y.A. Titova
Published: December 2023

The need to study the influence of body-oriented psychotherapy on the psycho-emotional consequences of cancer in children and adolescents during treatment is dictated by the high prevalence of mental disorders during hospitalization and insufficient knowledge of the possibility of their compensation. Purpose: to analyze the literature to study the influence of body-oriented psychotherapy on the psycho-emotional consequences of cancer in children and adolescents during treatment. General information. The most commonly reported and most concerning symptoms are pain associated with diagnostic procedures and treatments, nausea and fatigue, and negative self-perception of body image leading to low self-esteem and affecting the ability to form healthy relationships with peers. Children experience increased levels of depression and anxiety, as well as social skill deficits, greater physical weakness during physical activities, sleep disturbances and body image disturbances. Body techniques effectively open the way to the somatic unconscious and the elimination of the blocks identified in it, since the human body is a material reflection of all the emotional states he has experienced. The use of body-oriented psychotherapy methods normalizes the psychosomatic state. Taking into account the psychological characteristics of children and adolescents, the most common methods of body-oriented psychotherapy in this age category of patients are various variations of touch and movements in combination with other methods.
The goal of psychotherapeutic work with adolescents and children with cancer is, first of all, prevention and correction of psychopathological reactions. Timely psychotherapy provided to cancer patients in childhood will help harmonize the psycho-emotional state associated with the treatment, especially after mutilating operations. Among the many psychotherapeutic techniques used in the structure of helping children and adolescents, body-oriented therapy has found the most widespread use. One of the advantages of TOP is its versatility. That is, the technique can be successfully used in the treatment of many psychological disorders, as well as integrated and combined with other therapeutic approaches (art therapy, music therapy, acupressure, etc.).
To reduce the incidence of mental pathology after illness and achieve its maximum compensation, a multidisciplinary approach is required.
A SYSTEM APPROACH TO TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION CARE FOR PATIENTS IN AN OUTSTANDING CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NETWORK
Authors: A.G. Golovina , O.P. Shmakova
Published: December 2023

Taking into account the modern understanding of the multifactorial nature of mental pathology, an integrated approach to helping these patients determines the need for psychosocial rehabilitation, in addition to clinical therapy. For child and adolescent psychiatry, the issue of structuring psychosocial rehabilitation seems particularly relevant (due to the severity of the outcomes of child and adolescent mental illnesses) and poorly studied. The purpose of this work was to analyze the results of practical activities on social rehabilitation of minor patients, with the formation of proposals for comprehensive support for these patients in the outpatient network. The study material was a cohort of 1203 patients (m. - 914 (76%), female - 289 (24%)) who initially applied to a psychoneurological clinic in childhood and adolescence. They were followed clinically and follow-up until adulthood (catamnesis was carried out upon reaching the age of 23-25 years (1095 patients - 91%)). Research methods: clinical-psychopathological, psychometric, clinical-follow-up, statistical. Results: Based on the results of the clinical follow-up study, it could be concluded that medical and social assistance to minor patients should be reformatted in the direction of more active identification of initial mental disorders; During the initial contact, it is necessary to build trusting relationships with relatives and the patients themselves, and engage in their psychoeducation. The issues discussed with relatives are similar to those that are subsequently discussed with teenagers. The topic is dealt with in an individually adapted manner for each interlocutor. Identification and discussion with parents of the most problematic areas of the child’s life should culminate in the development of rehabilitation programs to develop lost or undeveloped daily functioning skills. Conclusion: In general, achieving highly functional clinical and social remission in patients suffering from early mental disorders is a complex problem, the final solution of which is associated with future achievements in a number of areas of clinical and social sciences. At the present stage, it is necessary to apply a systematic approach and use the advanced achievements of modern clinical and social psychiatry.
E-SCHOOL OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH. ITS PREREQUISITES AND RESULTS OF IMPLEMENTATION AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL
Authors: O.V. Lukasheva , K.Yu. Makarov , V.A. Bortsov , T.A. Yuryeva , Y.V. Khmelnitskaya , T.V. Kiseleva , S.G. Kucheryavenko , V.R. Mukhamedshina
Published: December 2023

The problem of preserving the reproductive health of the population remains relevant from year to year, and with it the search for new opportunities to provide the population with effective preventive care. We took into account the existing need to improve the reproductive health system for girls and adolescents, analyzed data on the needs and capabilities of participants in sex education for children and adolescents, and developed an electronic “School of Reproductive Health.” This article is devoted to the features of the school structure, its technical and information content. To ensure the effective operation of the school, the main groups of participants in the process of sex education have been identified and the tasks for each of them have been carefully described. An analysis of the results of using the school was carried out using a sociological survey of 115 parents of children and adolescents who attended the electronic school for reproductive health. Based on the results of the survey, it was determined that the structure of the school turned out to be absolutely user-friendly, and the recommendations received at the school were useful for the vast majority of respondents. More than 95% of users noted that the e-school increases or rather increases the level of their knowledge in matters of maintaining reproductive health and conducting sex education. As a result, according to the surveyed users, the electronic school of reproductive health can completely (51.3%) or partially (36.5%) replace the need to visit a pediatrician or obstetrician-gynecologist for preventive purposes to explain issues of reproductive health and sex education. The average score of readiness to recommend visiting the described information resource is 9.5 out of 10 points. As a result, the implemented project of the electronic “School of Reproductive Health” made it possible to increase the accessibility and effectiveness of the preventive work of the system for protecting the reproductive health of children and adolescents at the regional level.
ACUTE ISCHEMIC INSTRUCTIONS DUE TO THE NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION
Authors: I.A. Miziev , Z.O. Ivanova , R.A. Akhkubekov , D.Kh. Bekazieva , A.V. Zhilyaeva , A.A. Kalmykova
Published: December 2023

Purpose of the study. Acute ischemic intestinal (AII) lesions developed against the background of a new coronavirus infection. Materials and methods. The study included 23 patients with AII. The mean age of the patients was 59.9±15.0 with male predominance (17 males, 73.91% versus 6 females, 26.09%). The diagnosis of all patients: a new coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed by the results of PCR tests (polymerase chain reaction). All patients underwent computed tomography of the abdominal organs (CT of the abdominal cavity). The diagnostic algorithm was contrast-enhanced computed tomography, which is considered a valuable instrumental method of investigation in patients with COVID-19 with suspected AII. Statistical processing of the results of the study was carried out using the program STATISTICA. Results. It was confirmed that ischemia of the small intestine is the most common case in surgical examination, resection of the necrotic part of the small intestine with the formation of anastomosis was the most common surgical procedure in 14 (60.85%) patients, resections of the large intestine were performed in 7 (30.45%) patients, and only 2 (8.7%) patients underwent open thrombectomy. Histopathological examination was performed in 21 patients (91.30%) and revealed general features including necrosis, ulcer, hemorrhage in 11 patients (47.82%), neutrophilic infiltration in 7 patients (30.4%) or abscess in 3 patients (13.04%). Following the dynamics of changes in blood biomarkers in patients included in this study, we can conclude that there were such changes in biomarkers as a persistent increase in blood biomarkers evaluated in this study, such as D-dimer, LDH, ferritin and IL-6. Conclusion. Because of the high mortality rate in GI ischemia, clinicians should always be alert for ischemia to prevent its progression and promptly treat any complications. If patients have clinical signs of peritonitis, regardless of the presence of concomitant pathology, an immediate operation should be performed to eliminate the source of infection in the abdominal cavity. Changes in biomarkers and elevated levels of CRP (C-reactive protein), lactate, and D-dimer may be of low predictive value as possible prognostic factors because they may be found in severe COVID-19 infection.
CULTURE OF SAFE BEHAVIOR IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN AS A PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEM
Authors: L.I. Ponomareva , N.Yu. Gan
Published: December 2023

The need to introduce children to generally accepted norms and rules of relationships with peers and adults (in society), to develop skills of reasonable behavior in everyday life and nature, is noted in the Federal Educational Program of PE, which has come into force in September 2023. Preschool childhood is considered one of the most important periods in the formation of a fully developed personality. It is at this level of formation of the future citizen that the foundations of intellectual, moral, physical development are laid, and familiarization with universal human values and culture occurs. The most important acquisition of preschool age is the ability to adapt to a rapidly changing environment and appropriate behavior that ensures a safe existence in this environment. The combination of the regulatory framework (FSES DO and FOP DO), which regulates the formation of children’s ideas about life safety and rules of behavior and the age characteristics of preschoolers, allowing them to master these ideas, ensures the need and opportunity to cultivate a culture of safe behavior in children of this age. Preschool teachers must create conditions for nurturing in children an interest in household appliances and household items, and the rules for their use; understanding and observing the rules of safe behavior at home, on the street, in nature. Based on the foregoing, it can be argued that fostering a culture of safe behavior is considered a priority task for society, the state, in general, and for the preschool education system, in particular. The article makes an attempt to highlight the theoretical issues of such an important pedagogical problem as fostering a culture of safe behavior in preschool children.
SCIENTIFIC SUBSTANTIATION OF DESIGN ACTIVITY AND THE INTRODUCTION OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS FOR THE TRAINING OF DESIGNERS IN THE 1960S-1970S OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
Authors: G.A. Kuvshinova
Published: December 2023

This article traces the events taking place in the field of design education related to the emergence of VNIITE (All-Union Research Institute of Technical Aesthetics) during the Khrushchev thaw in the early 60s of the twentieth century. The purpose of the article is to analyze the influence of VNIITE on the formation and development of domestic design education in the system of higher professional education in terms of training designers, which is undoubtedly relevant to the current reform of higher education. In the process of writing this study, the author used the following scientific methods: systematic analysis of official documents, in particular official educational documents, analysis of historical documents during the Khrushchev thaw, synthesis of theoretical and practical works of designers of the 60-70 years of the last century. The researcher set a goal to see the reasons for the origin and subsequent implementation of educational programs for training designers in order to analyze the current situation of reforming higher education. The result of the work is an exhaustive analysis of the work of VNIITE in the period under study, with the possible inclusion in the content of today's education in terms of training professional designers, the main ideas of the work of this unique institution. In the author's opinion, rethinking the rich experience of the All-Union Research Institute of Technical Aesthetics will help today's researchers to see more clearly the prospects for the development of design education in the post-industrial period of modernity. Further, the author will continue his historical research work concerning the formation and development of domestic design education up to the present time. The article may be of interest to all those who are interested in the history of the emergence and development of design education in Russia.
BIOGRAPHY OF A.I. SOLZHENITSYN IN SPACE CULTURAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL RESEARCH OF LITERARY THE RITER'S LEGACY
Authors: I.Yu. Makarchuk
Published: December 2023

In 2023, the 105th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding writer, thinker, historian, researcher of cultural and philosophical aspects of Russian history, public figure Alexander Solzhenitsyn is celebrated (11.12.1918 – 03.08.2009). Literary and artistic works belonging to the pen of leading Russian writers are an important part of the national cultural and historical heritage. The inclusion in the research programs devoted to the study of the literary heritage of writers, issues related to their biography, promotes penetration into the creative laboratory of the masters of the word, as well as a more accurate understanding of the relevant literary and artistic works. Consideration of the relationship between the biography of A.I. Solzhenitsyn and his creative path is the purpose of this work. The research is based on general scientific methods and interdisciplinary methods of scientific cognition. During the work on the article, the author turned to cultural philosophical analysis, content analysis of scientific literature, as well as to the biographical method. According to the results of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that A. I. Solzhenitsyn lived with an understanding of his purpose, the title theme, developed and pondered the idea, architecture and content of his central work – the epic "Red Wheel", and when there was such an opportunity, he tirelessly implemented it. An important place in the biography of A. I. Solzhenitsyn was occupied by the Orthodox spiritual tradition, which was invariably reflected in his works. Naturally, in his journalistic works, the writer appealed to readers to live not by lies, limit themselves in external goods, believe in Divine Providence and its manifestations.
STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANXIETY LEVEL AND LEARNING MOTIVATION IN ADOLESCENTS
Authors: E.N. Nikolaeva , A.A. Nikolaev
Published: December 2023

The influence of many external and internal factors, in particular psycho-emotional state, undoubtedly affects the cognitive, behavioral activity and the quality of learning of schoolchildren. Especially in adolescence, when the body undergoes great changes in both physiological and psychological development. The driving force in any behavioral activity is motivation. Studying and understanding the structure of schoolchildren's learning motivation makes it possible to develop new, scientifically based, effective pedagogical and psychological techniques for the correction and regulation of school performance. This paper studies the relationship between the properties of nervous processes, personality and situational anxiety with the structure of academic motivation of schoolchildren depending on gender identity. The study was conducted in secondary schools of Yakutsk among pupils of 7-8 grades aged 13.96±0.11 years in the number of 58 people (30 girls and 28 boys). The following methods were used in the study: determining the level of situational and personality anxiety C.D. Spielberger, the test "Diagnosis of the structure of schoolchildren's learning motivation by M.V. Matyukhina", measuring complex visual-motor reactions and tapping test in the APC "NS-Psychotest" (Ivanovo). The obtained results indicate that the largest number of schoolchildren is in a state of high level of anxiety. In this case, the properties of nervous processes correlate in girls with the level of situational anxiety, in boys - with the level of personal anxiety. The presence of gender differences in the dominance of educational motives has been revealed. Among girls the most significant are motivations not related to learning activities, among boys - related to the learning process itself. Also, the obtained results indicate the presence of reliable relationships between the level of anxiety and types of learning motivation. The greatest number of correlations was observed among boys.
DIRECTIONS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSISTANCE TO PATIENTS WITH THE CONSEQUENCES OF A STROKE IN CONDITIONS OF REHABILITATION WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF A MULTIDISCIPLINARY TEAM OF A POLYCLINIC
Authors: N.G. Ermakova
Published: December 2023

The disabling consequences of a stroke, impaired motor and cognitive functions, the unpredictability of the prognosis of their recovery, affective reactions to the disease can make it difficult to form adherence to treatment and acceptance of the disease, and therefore psychological assistance to patients after a stroke in the rehabilitation process is relevant. The aim of the study was to identify the direction of psychological assistance to patients with the consequences of a stroke in the conditions of rehabilitation in a polyclinic with the participation of a multidisciplinary team (MDB). The study involved 115 patients after a stroke, 63 men, 52 women; aged 38 to 94 years, with self-service disorders of varying severity. Rehabilitation measures were carried out with patients (drug therapy, exercise therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy and psychological assistance) in a polyclinic at home. The psychological assistance was aimed at correcting attitudes towards the disease and treatment, at forming a positive therapeutic and life perspective in the mind of the patient, and at forming adherence to treatment. Family counseling was aimed at improving the interaction between relatives and patients. After carrying out rehabilitation measures and a psychological assistance program, there is a positive trend in self-care indicators (Bartel scale), cognitive functions (MMSE scale), and a decrease in anxiety and depression (HADS scale). Our study in a district clinic showed the relevance and extreme importance of including a psychological assistance program in the work of a multidisciplinary team. Directions of psychological assistance in a polyclinic included work with patients and with the micro-society (with relatives of patients).
A comprehensive study on biological parameters of Osteobrama cotio (Hamilton, 1822): Conservation strategy
Authors: Yesmine Selina , Awal Md. Rabiul , Bhadra Anuradha , Mahmud Yahia
Published: December 2023

Osteobrama cotio, commonly referred to as Dhela locally, is one of the most essential sources of nourishment for humans. The present study was conducted at the Freshwater Station of the Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute in Mymensingh to learn more regarding the sex ratio, length-weight relationship, condition factor, gonadosomatic index, and fecundity. Fish samples were taken monthly, and their total length and weight were measured and noted. Among the 310 samples of fish evaluated, 201 (64.85%) and 109 (35.15%) were found to be females and males, respectively (F: M= 1.88: 1). The chi-square test findings showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the two sexes in the sex ratio study (χ2= 0.164, df= 1, p>0.05).  It was shown that there was a substantial relationship (r2=0.76 for females, r2=0.96 for males, p<0.05) between fish fecundity and length. Positive allometric growth was observed in the length-weight relationships for both females and males (b=3.05 and 3.01, respectively; independent t-test; p<0.05). Throughout the study, the condition factor values for both sexes were more than 1, suggesting that both sexes are in excellent fitness (F=1.66 and M=1.67).  Males and females showed GSI values ranging from 0.001 to 0.33 and 0.25 to 10.96, respectively. The gonadosomatic index scores for both sexes maximum in June while minimum in November. The range of fecundity was 297 to 6529; where June having the highest egg count, while November having the lowest.
Effect of gamma radiation on fungal load decontamination of marketed spices
Authors: Rahman Mahfuzur , Moniruzzazan Md. , Das Keshob C. , Islam Mohammad Amirul , Kamal Md. Mostafa , Rahman M. Safiur , Khan Ruhul A.
Published: December 2023

In this study, the effects of gamma radiation on the decontamination of fungus, physicochemi-cal properties, and molecular analysis of Aspergillus spp. of common spices for storage were evaluated. After being irradiated with gamma doses of 0, 2, 4, and 6 kGy and sealed in glass vials, the spices were stored at room temperature for 180 days. Among the tested spice samples, chili, turmeric, and black pepper powder showed the highest presence of fungal contamination compared to cumin, coriander, garlic, and ginger samples. Microscopy was used to identify a total of 48 isolates, of which 11 were Mucor, 25 were Penicillium, and 12 were Aspergillus. By polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, a total of 12 Aspergillus genera were identified among them: 5 in black pepper and 7 in red chili. The gamma radiation also reduced the number of microbes compared to the control group. The best gamma radiation doses were found to kill the organ-isms in the studied spices. These were 6 kGy for red chili, 4 kGy for turmeric and black pepper, and 2 kGy for cumin, coriander, garlic, and ginger. Measurements of the physicochemical parameters were not significantly impacted by the 180-day exposure to gamma radiation; however, the number of fungi drastically decreased. Gamma radiation has been explored as an effective method for decontaminating spices, offering a promising solution for ensuring food safety and quality.
Impact assessment of farm mechanization on potato production in Dadeldhura district, Nepal
Authors: Khadka Kapil , Tiwari Anupam , Yogi Manju , Dhakal Shiba Hari , Rijal Ashok , Devkota Kedar
Published: December 2023

Potato is one of the major cash crops in Nepal but farmers can't maximize profits due to the low adoption of farm machinery and technology. There is insufficient research on agricultural mechanization and its effectiveness in the study area. Therefore, the goal of this study, which was carried out in the Dadeldhura district in 2022, was to assess the problem of farmers' potato cultivation yielding less profit than they might have due to a lack of agriculture equipment and technology adoption. Purposive and simple random sampling were used to select 90 respondents from four local bodies of the Dadeldhura district. Primary data were collected from a household survey with a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and Key Informant Interview (KII). Secondary data were collected from annual PMAMP, MoALD, FAO reports, etc. MS Excel and SPSS (26.0) were used to analyze and interpret the collected data. The study divided farmers into groups based on whether they used bullocks or mini-tillers, and it found that mechanical power was mostly used during land preparation and irrigation phases. Fragmented land and lack of capital were major constraints to promoting mechanization. The study showed that mini-tiller users had a greater B: C ratio than bullock users. Similarly, the average variable cost of production per hectare was substantially lower in mini-tiller users than in bullock users. The results underlined the financial viability of mechanized potato farming and stressed the necessity of removing barriers to automation and developing regulations to support small-scale mechanization. The study concluded that mechanization might be extended beyond the stages of irrigation and field preparation to further improve cost-effectiveness and increase the profitability of potato cultivation for farmers in the Dadeldhura district. Overall, the study emphasized the necessity of strategic interventions to encourage automation and enhance the profitability of potato farming in the area.
Value addition of homemade pickles in selected areas of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Aktar Nasrin , Moniruzzaman Md. , Raha Shankar Kumar , Ahamed Md. Shishir
Published: December 2023

The pickles are popular food item in Bangladesh. Different types and kinds of pickles are sold by the vendors in the roadside those are processed by themselves at their home. This study has been conducted to assess the value addition of homemade pickles. The four homemade pickles (mango pickle, tamarind prickle, jujube pickle and elephant apple pickle) were selected for this study. The study was conducted in Gulshan, Dhanmondi, Uttara and Mirpur of Dhaka in Bangladesh. This study was based on primary data. Primary data were collected through face-to-face interview method in the month of mid-September to mid-October 2019. Data were collected from 20 vendors (selected conveniently) and 60 consumers (selected purposively) of homemade pickles. Descriptive statistics (mainly mean, percentage) was used to analyze the data. Value additions of homemade pickles were calculated by deducting the cost of production from the selling price of pickle which can be found from the value addition  tables. The study found that the vendor’s added value of Tk. 330.44 ($3.94) to one kg raw mango, Tk.293.32 ($3.49) to one kg tamarind, Tk.340.01 ($4.05) to one kg jujube and Tk.425.57 ($5.07)to one kg elephant apple by processing to make pickle if it is ignored the value addition of other ingredients. In percentage term, it was 182.67 to 448.90 according to pickles. So, this is a productive activity creating form utility for the consumers that can contribute to the economy of Bangladesh.
Does Absence of Insider Trades Before Seasoned Equity Offerings Provide Information to the Market?
Authors: Shin Hyun Han , Yoon Pyung Sig
Published: December 2023

This study analyzes the interaction effect of short and long-run performance and insider trading with 1,099 seasoned equity offerings(SEOs) announced between 2004 and 2020. The major results of this study are as follows. First, insiders are net sellers prior to SEOs and the relationship between insider’s net purchase ratio and announcement effects is significantly positive. Second, the positive relationship holds only for net sell group, not for net buy group. Third, compared to firms in net sell group and net buy group, those in no trade group are marginal firms with worse operating performance, higher probability of delisting, smaller size, and lower return before SEOs, and lower ownership by largest shareholders. Fourth, regression analysis shows that announcement effect and long-run performance of no trade group is significantly more negative than net sell group and net buy group. To summarize, “dog that did not bark” effect exists in insider trading before SEOs and the absence of insider trades provide valuable information to the market.
Improvement of well drainage radius calculation
Authors: Lubkov Michail , Zakharchuk Oksana
Published: December 2023

The calculation of well drainage radius is improved on the example of Chervonozayarske gas field. Theoretical research methods are applied, which include a systematic analysis of the information used, numerical modeling based on the combined finite element-difference method, methods of visual representation of the information obtained, analytical methods To increase the accuracy of the calculation of the well drainage radius, the heterogeneity of the porous medium structure was taken into account. It is established that the drainage radius of a gas well expands with time. This allows to determine the optimal grid of production wells, the number and location of injection wells to ensure their interaction, and hence ¬ reduce material costs in the gas industry
Ticari NAFILean Polipropilen/Haşhaş (Papaver Somniferum) Sapı Polimer Kompozitinin Mekanik ve Morfolojik Özelliklerine MAPP’nin Etkisi
Authors: Karadirek Gizem , Taşdemir Münir
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmada; NAFILean-PF2 555 (%20 kenevir katkılı PP) ticari ismi ile üretilen polipropilene Afyonkarahisar/Sinanpaşa ilçesinden temin edilen haşhaş sapları %20 oranında katılmıştır. Uyumluluk maddesi olarak maleik anhidrit aşılı polipropilen (MAPP) %5-10 ve 15 oranlarında katılarak çift vidalı ekstruderde karıştırılmış ve granül halinde üretilmiştir. Mekanik ve morfolojik özelliklerine değişik oranlarda MAPP ilavesinin etkisi araştırılmıştır. Ekstrüzyon makinesinde elde edilen granüller kurutulmuş ve enjeksiyon makinesinde standartlara uygun şekilde test numuneleri basılmıştır. Elde edilen polimer kompozitinin mekanik değerlerinin belirlenmesi için elastiklik modülü, çekme mukavemeti, kopma mukavemeti, kopma uzaması, darbe mukavemeti ve sertlik testleri yapılmıştır. Ayrıca kenevir ve haşhaş saplarının dağılımlarını belirlemek için taramalı elektron mikroskobisi (SEM) ile fotoğrafları çekilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda %20 kenevir katkılı PP (NAFILean-PF2 555) içerisinde haşhaş ve MAPP ilavesiyle; elastiklik modülü, çekme mukavemeti, kopma mukavemeti, kopma uzaması, darbe mukavemeti ve sertlik değerlerinin nasıl değiştiği belirlenmiştir. SEM incelemesi sonucunda kenevir ve haşhaş partiküllerinin homojen dağıldığı tespit edilmiştir.
The Effect of Emotion Management Training Given to Nursing Students on Alexithymia and Self- Consciousness: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: KARASU Fatma , ÇOPUR Ebru ÖZTÜRK , ÇELİK Melike YAVAŞ , ARPACI Rabia
Published: December 2023

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of emotion management training given to nursing students on alexithymia and self-consciousness levels. Methods: This research, is control group intervention study. The sample of
the study was determined by power analysis and 32 students were assigned to the intervention group and 32 students to the control group by simple random sampling method. The data were collected between February-June 2021. In the
collecting data were used Socio-demographic Data Form, Toronto Alexithymia Scale and Self- Consciousness Scale. In the analysing of data were used t test for dependent groups, t test for independent groups, chi-square and ANOVA
tests. Findings: In the intervention group of students’ Toronto Alexithymia Scale mean score pre-test are 67.03±10.86, post-test 49.75±8.25; in the control group of students pre-test are 69.03±8.23, post-test 69.87±10.15, and it
was determined that the difference between the post-test mean scores of the groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). In the intervention group of students’ Self-Consciousness Scale mean score pre-test are 31.59±6.75, post-test
38.84±3.41; in the control group of students pre-test are 32.46±6.97, post-test 32.21±7.36, and it was determined that the difference between the post-test mean scores of the groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). Result:
It was determined that given to students emotional management training were affected positive way alexithymia and self-consciousness levels.
The Relationship between Internet Addiction, Sleep Quality, and Nutrition-Exercise Behaviors in Children with Clinical Obesity
Authors: ORBATU Dilek , DAŞDEMİR Fatma , BEKTAŞ Murat
Published: December 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırma, çocuklarda internet bağımlılığı, uyku kalitesi ve beslenme-egzersiz davranışlarının klinik obezite ile ilişkilerini incelemek üzere tanımlayıcı kesitsel olarak planlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmamızın evrenini, S. B.
Ü. İzmir Dr. Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastalıkları ve Cerrahisi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, genel pediatri poliklinikleri ve obezite kliniğine Mayıs 2022 – Temmuz 2022 tarihleri arasında ayaktan başvuran sağlıklı ve obez adölesanlar
oluşturmuştur. Çalışma için gerekli olan örneklem hesaplaması GPOWER istatistik analiz programı ile örneklem büyüklüğü 200 sağlıklı ve 200 klinik obezite tanısı alan çocuk/adölesan alınmış olup, çalışma 400 çocukla tamamlanmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan çocukların % 50 klinik obez tanılıdır. Sağlıklı çocukların internet bağımlılığı ölçeği puanı 26.59+6.16 iken klinik obezetesi olan çocukların puanı 27.77+3.31’dir (p<0.05). Sağlıklı çocukların uyku
kalitesi ölçeği puanı 13.64+2.47 iken klinik obezetesi olan çocukların puanı 13.18+2.33’dir. Sağlıklı çocukların beslenme egzersiz ölçeği öğün düzeni alt ölçeği puanı 22.46+2.94 iken, klinik obezetesi olan çocukların puanı 19.52+2.81’dir
(p<0.05). Sonuç: Adölesanların/çocukların bağımlı yeme ölçeği, sağlıklı beslenme ölçeği, sağlıksız beslenme ölçeği ve öğün düzeni puanı arttıkça BKI azaldığı saptanmıştır. Çocukların internet bağımlılığı puanı arttıkça da BKI
düzeyleri artmıştır. Çalışmamızdaki ergenlerin klinik obezite durumu ile internet bağımlılığı ve öğün düzensizliği arasında pozitif yönde, uyku kalitesi ile negatif yönde ilişki olduğu söylenebilir.
Hospice Care in the World and Turkey
Authors: Çapuk Hüseyin
Published: December 2023

Giriş ve Amaç: Hospis bakım, yaşamın sonunda hastalar için kapsamlı ve konforlu bakım sağlarken, aile üyelerine de destek sağlayan bakımı içerir. Hospis bakım multidisipliner bir ekiple hastanın genel bakımını içeren ağrı yönetimi,
ihtiyaç ve isteklerine göre uyarlanmış duygusal ve manevi destek hizmetlerinin sağlandığı bir ölüm sürecini kapsar. Modern anlamda ilk hospis 1967 yılında Cicerly Saunders tarafından Saint Christopher’s Hospice merkezinin kurulmasıyla
başlatılmıştır. Diğer ülkelerde Güney Kore Seul’de 1965, Amerika Birleşik Devletler Connecticut’da 1974, Japonyada Yodogawa Cristian Hospital 1973, Almanya 1986, Çin’de Tianjin hastanesinde 1989 ve Danimarka’da 1992 yılında kurulmuştur.
Türkiye’de hospis bakım daha çok kanserle mücadele noktasında başlatılmıştır. Türkiye’de 1993-1997 yılları arasında Türk Onkoloji Vakfı tarafından İstanbul Yeşilköy’de, hospis bakıma benzer içerikte bir “Kanser Bakımevi” adı altında
bir merkez açılmış ancak bütçe problemleri nedeniyle kapanmıştır. Hacettepe Onkoloji Enstitüsü Vakfı tarafından 2006 yılında “Hacettepe Umut Evi” adı altında açılan merkez kanser hastalarının tedavi gördüğü ve kısa süreli konaklayabileceği
bir yer olarak hizmet vermiş ancak bu kurum da kısa ömürlü olmuştur. Bu derleme dünyada ve Türkiye’de Hospis bakımın kapsamını belirlemek, mevcut durumunu incelemek ve geniş bir bakış ile değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Sonuç:
Yaşam sonunda bakımın yönetimi, anlamlı etkileşimler geliştirmek ve yaşam kalitesini korumak için destek evi sistemi içerisinde tasarlanarak hospis bakım yaklaşımları ile sağlanabilir. Ayrıca hospis bakım ile terminal dönem hastaların
sağlık harcama giderlerini azaltarak ülke ekonomisine katkı sağlar. Türkiye için hospis bakımı uygulamak, bu konuda eğitilmiş personel yetiştirmek, hastalara yaşam sonu bakımını kaliteli bir şekilde sunmak ve bu imkanları sağlamak
ihtiyacı vardır.
POLÍTICAS CULTURAIS NA AMÉRICA DO SUL NO SÉCULO XXI
Authors: Rubim Antonio Albino Canelas
Published: December 2023

O texto é parte de uma pesquisa em andamento, apoiada pelo CNPq, iniciada em 2020 e com prazo de conclusão em 2025. Ele analisa as mudanças das político-culturais nos países sul-americanos em sua conexão com três diferentes conjunturas vividas na região no presente século: os governos democráticos que chegam ao poder nacional na primeira década do século; o contexto da segunda década com seu retrocesso democrático em termos de políticas públicas, inclusive as culturais, e o renascimento de regimes democráticos na atualidade, inscrito em um contexto internacional diverso dos anteriores. O texto discute a primeira onda de governos democráticos e suas políticas culturais, com inovações, potências e fragilidades; o segundo momento de retrocesso político e refluxo das políticas culturais, e, por fim, o ressurgimento de nova onda de governos democráticos e das políticas culturais, agora em tensa gestação na América do Sul.
DO FÓRUM ENTRE FRONTEIRAS AO MERCADO ENTRE FRONTEIRAS: POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA A INTEGRAÇÃO DO CINEMA REALIZADO ENTRE O SUL DO BRASIL, NOROESTE DA ARGENTINA E O PARAGUAI
Authors: Rebelatto Francieli
Published: December 2023

Neste artigo analisamos a história de criação do espaço de integração cinematográfico regional Fórum Entre Fronteiras, conformado em 2007 de forma itinerante entre o Sul do Brasil, o Noroeste da Argentina e o Paraguai. Esta articulação entre realizadores (as), entidades públicas, festivais de cinema e produtoras independentes contribuiu para a produção cinematográfica realizada nas últimas duas décadas na região, desencadeando na formação de Institutos de Cinema e editais públicos de fomento da produção e circulação do audiovisual. Como resultado deste processo de organização, em 2018 é iniciada a construção do Mercado Entre Fronteiras que tem levado à cabo editais de coprodução efetivados pelos Institutos de cinema, como é o caso IECINE no Rio Grande do Sul e o IAAVIM, em Misiones e o INAP, no Paraguai. Nos interessa pensar como esse processo de integração regional e internacional promoveu a construção de políticas públicas para o cinema e quais foram os impactos nas produções cinematográficas realizadas neste período: suas imagens e imaginários.
THE POLITICISATION OR SECURITISATION OF MIGRATION? THE CASES OF BRAZIL, COLOMBIA, ECUADOR AND PERU DURING THE VENEZUELAN CRISIS
Authors: Aguilar Sergio Luiz Cruz
Published: December 2023

A crise política, económica e social na Venezuela resultou numa onda de migração em massa que afectou os países vizinhos da América do Sul. Desde 2015, os governos da região têm respondido à chegada em massa de migrantes de várias formas. A situação levou à conceção e implementação de novas práticas de migração, incluindo o uso de militares para lidar com os fluxos migratórios. Este artigo examina as respostas migratórias à crise venezuelana e a sua relação com o conceito de segurança no Brasil, Colômbia, Equador e Peru. Com base em entrevistas conduzidas sob anonimato, fontes primárias e secundárias, e discursos e práticas migratórias, o artigo questiona se a migração venezuelana foi securitizada pelos governos em resposta às alegadas ameaças, ou se permaneceu uma questão política nestes quatro países.
O CICLO COMUM DE ESTUDOS E A RELAÇÃO SOCIEDADE, CULTURA E INTEGRAÇÃO LATINO-AMERICANA NA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR DA UNILA
Authors: Zuck Débora Villetti
Published: December 2023

O artigo trata da relação entre sociedade, cultura e integração da América Latina na educação superior da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), especialmente no Ciclo Comum de Estudos (CCE). Para tanto, foi realizado por meio de revisa~o bibliogra´fica, ana´lise documental e pesquisa de campo com egressos dos cursos de graduac¸a~o e docentes que atuaram neste Ciclo. Os processos formativos do CCE, que os estudantes de todos os cursos de graduação percorrem nos semestres iniciais, abrangem elementos culturais, expressos em conteúdos curriculares, que possibilitam a apropriação de conhecimentos da América Latina, da integração e de línguas, para além da área de formação. Os resultados obtidos apontam especificidades e um diferencial da instituição estudada em relação à outras instituições e, conforme os participantes da pesquisa, o CCE apresenta aspectos relevantes e desafios. Destaca-se que a UNILA é uma universidade estratégica e alternativa da integração latino-americana, entre os “povos”, que se propõe “solidária”, e uma expressão determinada e determinante da integração por meios educativos, responsável pela formação de profissionais e pela produção científica, com um papel relevante na elevação da cultura.