bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O uso do aplicativo “VisibleGeology” no ensino de Geociências
Authors: Cruz Victor Muniz Alves
Published: October 2024

Há um grande desafio a ser superado pelos professores em sala de aula principalmente na tentativa de instigar o espírito investigativo nos alunos. O ensino de conteúdos geológicos pode ser, por muitas vezes, desconexo da realidade cotidiana, regidos por complexas teorias e evoluções que podem tornar o assunto desinteressante e de dificil compreensão, principalmente quando não aplicados diretamente a alunos de graduação em Geologia.
Trends in Green Supply Chain Management: Insights from Bibliometric Analysis (2014-2023)
Authors: Wahyuni Hilda , Haryati Teti , Yudha Heryawan Asnawi
Published: October 2024

This research discusses the publication trend on the topic of green supply chain management with "Green Supply Chain Management" as the keyword. Search using the title and abstract categories listed in Dimension from 2014 to 2023 analyzed in a bibliometric study. This bibliometric study can guide academics and practitioners to take relevant steps in managing environmentally friendly supply chains. Therefore, this research could contribute to understanding developments and challenges in the green supply chain field. The results of this study are expected to provide insights for decision-makers and practitioners in managing supply chain sustainably. There are 4,017 articles. This number is very impressive and almost every year there is a significant development in this research topic. The analysis of this study is focused on the number of publications, authors, and journals. This study aims to observe the development map of Green Supply Chain Management research in the world. Results show that the number of publications on Green Supply Chain Management has increased quite steadily and was the most published in 2023 with a total of 803 journals. As for the lowest number of publications, there was in 2014 with the number of publications as many as 179. Thus, it can be concluded that the topic of this theme has developed from year to year, and this concept has great potential to develop further in the future.
The Influence of Job Training, Motivation, and Work Environment on Employee Performance at PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia, Tbk Kediri City
Authors: Asiska Yuke Sepvi Dinata , Kristanti Desi , Yunanto Yogi , Bagaskara Whicka Galuh
Published: October 2024

This investigation intends to determine and anatomize the effect of job training, motivation, and work environment on employee performance at PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia, Tbk Kediri City. A key element in a company's success is employee performance. Job training, motivation, and a positive work environment are necessary for effective employee performance. Data gathering techniques include distributing questionnaires and performing direct talks with 50 permanent employees of PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia, Tbk Kediri City. Analyzing data found that job training, motivation, and work environment affect employee performance at PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia, Tbk Kediri City. This study has a noteworthy impact on job training, motivation, and work environment on employee performance. This research contributes science to human resources.  The results can be applied to PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia, Tbk Kediri City, to optimize job training, motivate employees, and improve a good work environment, so that it can affect employee performance and achieve company success. In further research, it’s hoped that they will research broader and different research objects. Thus, the results attained will benefit numerous parties.
The Effect of Sharia Financial Inclusion on Creative Industry Financing (KSPPS BMT-NU Lenteng Branch, Sumenep)
Authors: Istiqamah Vina Abidatin , Zakik
Published: October 2024

This study aims to analyze the effect of Islamic financial inclusion on creative industry financing in KSPPS BMT-NU Sumenep. Multiple linear regression analysis technique was applied to identify the influence of independent variables.The research design used in this study is a questionnaire to customers of BMT-NU EAST JAVA Lenteng Branch Office who are willing to be respondents and fill out a questionnaire, the purpose of which is to find out how much influence the independent variables, namely, Profile (X1), Income (X2), Accessibility (X3), and Product (X4) on financing the creative industry in Sumenep Regency. The results of the research obtained through multiple Linear Regression dummy variables are profile variables and products that have a significant positive effect on financing the creative industry of BMT-NU Lenteng Branch Sumenep customers. While the accessibility variable has a significant negative effect on financing the creative industry of BMT-NU Lenteng Sumenep Branch customers. While the income variable has a positive, but insignificant effect on financing the creative idustry of BMT-NU Lenteng Sumenep Branch customers.
Development of a Guided Inquiry-Scientific Laboratory (GISL) Based Health Chemistry Practicum Module
Authors: Nafillah Khoirotun
Published: October 2024

Chemistry practicum learning requires a comprehensive approach, which improves understanding of concepts and develops various essential skills needed in the professional and academic world. This research aims to develop a Guided Inquiry-Scientific Laboratory-based Health Chemistry module and conduct empirical feasibility tests. This module is designed with a guided inquiry approach integrated with scientific methods in laboratory activities. The practicum module was developed for second-grade vocational school students in health expertise with material covering colloids, hydrocarbons, polymers, biomolecules, and chemical separation. This development research uses the Borg and Gall model, which consists of planning, organizing, implementing, assessing, and analyzing data. This research was only carried out to the validation stage by material experts, media experts, peer reviewers, and reviewers (five Health Vocational School teachers). The assessment carried out by the reviewer includes eight assessment aspects with 30 assessment indicators. Data was collected through questionnaires, observations, and interviews. Data analysis was carried out descriptively, quantitatively, and qualitatively, guided by ideal assessment criteria to determine the quality of the practicum module. The research results show that the Guided Inquiry-Scientific Laboratory (GISL) based Health Chemistry practicum module that has been developed has a score of 132.52 with an ideal percentage of 88.3467% in the very good (SB) category. This indicates that this module is suitable for use in health chemistry practicum learning, and it is hoped that this research can be continued at the next stage.
Integration of Local Potential in Science Learning to Improve 21st-Century Skills
Authors: Afkarina Izzata Dini Naffa , Febri Setiya Rini Endah
Published: October 2024

Science learning that integrates local culture and wisdom is an important approach that is to continue to be developed in the current educational context. Along with the growing need for qualified and competitive human resources, adjustments in learning are crucial to prepare students with 21st-century skills. This research aims to evaluate how integrating local potential in science learning to improve 21st-century skills. The method used in this study is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), with an analysis of 13 articles selected based on relevant research criteria and focus. The study results show that using learning media based on local potentials such as cultural traditions and natural resources has an important role in improving 21st-century skills, especially critical thinking and problem-solving skills. These findings underscore the importance of integrating local potential in science curricula to facilitate the development of essential skills in the modern era.
Bridging Gaps in STEM Education: The Case for Dedicated Learning Centres in South African Townships and Rural Areas
Authors: Ntsanwisi Samuel
Published: October 2024

This article explores the critical need for improved Mathematics, Science, Engineering and Technology (STEM) education in South African townships and rural areas, where persistent challenges in teaching methods and resource accessibility have hindered the development of these crucial subjects. The perception of Mathematics and Science as complex subjects, coupled with societal pressures to prioritise less ‘challenging’ subjects, has resulted in a quantity-over-quality approach to education. This article argues for establishing dedicated Mathematics, Science, Engineering, and technology centres in these underserved regions, drawing upon global research findings that underscore the importance of continuous improvement in STEM subjects for individual and national advancement. The proposed centres aim to address educational disparities by providing innovative teaching methods, resource access, and mentorship programs. These proposed centres intend to rectify educational disparities by offering innovative teaching methods, improved resource access, and mentorship programs. Through examining successful case studies and potential challenges, this article calls for a comprehensive approach to reshape the STEM education landscape in South African townships and rural areas, contributing to a more equitable and robust educational system.
Examining Nonprofit Financial Condition and Resiliency Strategies in Response to COVID-19
Authors: Hoang Trang , Maher Craig S. , Nkrumah Richard
Published: October 2024

Nonprofit organizations play a vital role in the provision of services. While many turn to nonprofits for help during crisis, nonprofits often find themselves confronting various funding challenges in uncertain and turbulent circumstances. Previous studies have analyzed how financial indicators predict nonprofit vulnerability. However, very few studies have considered the influence of financial condition on nonprofit response strategies and resiliency in financial distress periods. This study examines how nonprofit financial condition influences responses to financial shocks caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a convenience sample of responses from medium and small-sized nonprofits in the Midwestern area, coupled with NCCS Core-File data, this study shows that financial condition affects nonprofit response strategies as well as their ability to secure additional funding and hire more staff in the absence of volunteers. This study offers important implications for our understanding of the relationship between the financial condition of nonprofits, their response strategies and nonprofit financial resilience.
Smart Cities and Sustainability: Comparative Analysis and Strategic Insights for Qatar
Authors: Katah Iman , Ozturk Ozcan
Published: October 2024

The rapid pace of urbanization, coupled with the growing need for environmental sustainability and technological innovation, has brought smart city initiatives to the forefront of global urban development. This paper provides a comparative analysis of smart city policies from leading cities such as Oslo, Zurich, and Canberra, and derives strategic insights for Qatar. By examining the strategies, priorities, outcomes, and challenges associated with implementing smart city initiatives in these cities, the study identifies areas of alignment and divergence with Qatar's own smart city policy framework. The research highlights potential opportunities for cross-learning and suggests how Qatar can leverage lessons from international best practices to enhance its smart city initiatives. Key areas of focus include fostering strategic partnerships, promoting innovation, and ensuring effective governance and data management systems. The findings provide actionable insights to improve the effectiveness of Qatar's smart city projects, aligning them with the Qatar National Vision 2030
Analysis of $d$-Wave Topologies with $k$-Hop-Based Graph Metrics
Authors: Biró Csaba , Kusper Gábor
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we focus on graph-based analysis of the topology of $D$-Wave quantum computers. The Pegasus, Chimera, and Zephyr topologies generated with different parameters are examined using $k$-hop-based graph metrics. In addition to the well-known classical graph metrics, we briefly describe the density and redundancy-based metrics interpreted in the $k$-hop environment. These topologies consist of different subgraphs depending on the implementation in which the qubits are connected in a specific pattern. Our main goal is to use metrics to highlight the main features and limitations of these topologies. The secondary goal is that the results contribute to the further development of more efficient quantum processors.
A Novel Method to Prepare Uniform Micro-Sized Dry Powder Formulations, including Aggregation-Controlled VHH Antibodies
Authors: Moritani Tatsuru , Masaki Hidekazu , Yonehara Ryo , Suzuki Takeru , Arai Hidenao , Tsuchiya Masayuki , Nemoto Naoto
Published: October 2024

The preparation of antibodies in the powder form without changing their physicochemical properties may enable their use in new drug delivery system therapies or for non-refrigerated storage. The variable domain of the heavy chain of heavy chain (VHH) antibodies is more suited for this purpose than conventional antibodies because of their high thermal stability and ability to refold. In this report, the fine droplet drying (FDD) process was selected as the powderization technique because of its favorable features, such as mild drying conditions and the generation of uniform particle sizes. The aggregation, binding, particle and in vitro inhalation properties of the prepared VHH antibody powder (VHHp) were evaluated. The amount of aggregated VHH antibody present in VHHp depended on the flow temperature during the FDD process, with higher temperatures yielding a high aggregation ratio. In contrast, no significant difference in binding activity was observed between each VHHp preparation and the native VHH antibody. Analysis of VHHp samples revealed that the particles were uniformly spherical with a single-micron size. VHHp showed a fine inhalation property in the inhalation property test. These findings suggest that the FDD process affords various VHH antibody powder formulations, including pharmaceutical formulations.
In Situ Crosslinked Biodegradable Hydrogels Based on Poly(Ethylene Glycol) and Poly(ε-Lysine) for Medical Application
Authors: Ding Xia , Yang Bing , Hou Zhaosheng
Published: October 2024

Hydrogels have emerged as promising biomaterials due to their excellent performance; however, their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and absorbability still require improvement to support a broader range of medical applications. This paper presents a new biofunctionalized hydrogel based on in-situ crosslinking between maleimide-terminated four-arm-poly(ethylene glycol) (4–arm–PEG–Mal) and poly(ε-lysine) (ε–PL). PEG/ε–PL hydrogels (LG–n) were rapidly formed via amine/maleimide reaction by mixing 4–arm–PEG–Mal and ε–PL under physiological conditions. The corresponding dry gels (DLG-n) were obtained through a freeze-drying technique. 1H NMR, FT–IR, and SEM were utilized to confirm the structures of 4–arm–PEG–Mal and LG–n (DLG–n), and the effects of solid content on the physicochemical properties of the hydrogels were investigated. Although high solid content could increase the swelling ratio, all LG–n samples exhibited a low equilibrium swelling ratio of less than 30%. LG–7, which contained moderate solid content, exhibited optimal compression properties characterized by a compressive fracture strength of 45.2 kPa and deformation of 69.5%. Compression cycle tests revealed that LG–n demonstrated good anti-fatigue performance. In vitro degradation studies confirmed the biodegradability of LG–n, with the degradation rate primarily governing the drug release efficiency, leading to a sustained release duration of four weeks. Cytotoxicity tests, cell survival morphology observation, Live/Dead assays, and hemolysis tests indicated that LG–n exhibited excellent cytocompatibility and low hemolysis rates (<5%). Furthermore, the broad-spectrum antibacterial activity of LG–n was verified by an inhibition zone method. In conclusion, the developed LG–n hydrogels hold promising applications in the medical field, particularly as drug sustained-release carriers and wound dressings.
COVID-19 in Children and Vitamin D
Authors: Durá-Travé Teodoro , Gallinas-Victoriano Fidel
Published: October 2024

In December 2019, the so-called “coronavirus disease 2019” (COVID-19) began. This disease is characterized by heterogeneous clinical manifestations, ranging from an asymptomatic process to life-threatening conditions associated with a “cytokine storm”. This article (narrative review) summarizes the epidemiologic characteristics and clinical manifestations of COVID-19 and multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). The effect of the pandemic confinement on vitamin D status and the hypotheses proposed to explain the age-related difference in the severity of COVID-19 are discussed. The role of vitamin D as a critical regulator of both innate and adaptive immune responses and the COVID-19 cytokine storm are analyzed. Vitamin D and its links to both COVID-19 (low levels of vitamin D appear to worsen COVID-19 outcomes) and the cytokine storm (anti-inflammatory activity) are detailed. Finally, the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in COVID-19 is evaluated, but the evidence supporting vitamin D supplementation as an adjuvant treatment for COVID-19 remains uncertain.
Allocyclic and autocyclic controls on facies distribution in interdistributary bayfill deposits of the Campanian Neslen Formation, Eastern Book Cliffs, Utah, U.S.A.
Authors: Kjærefjord Jostein Myking , Bullimore Scott
Published: October 2024

The Campanian Neslen Formation, in the eastern part of the Book Cliffs, is divided into three stratigraphic intervals. The middle Neslen interval consists of paralic bayfill deposits that average 23 m in thickness. This article describes the lateral and vertical variability within the bayfills deposited in this middle Neslen interval. Comprehensive mapping along 27 km of outcrops, including high-resolution description of 62 sedimentary logs and incorporation of wireline log data from 86 wells, has led to a detailed understanding of the processes related to infilling of interdistributary bays. Six vertically stacked heterolithic to sand-prone bayfill units are identified. A distinction is made between bayfill units and bayfill successions, based on their bounding autocyclic or allocyclic flooding surfaces. Units are bounded by high-frequency flooding surfaces, and show large lateral variations in thickness, facies associations, and lithology. These bayfill units are laterally subdivided into a varying number of bayfill successions, separated by interdistributary channel systems or associated bayhead-delta facies associations. Lateral variation in facies architecture, salinity, and depositional energy levels are mapped in each bayfill succession. This variation is attributed to several controlling factors, including proximity to sediment entry points, water depth, the sequence stratigraphic position of the bayfill succession, and the compaction of underlying sandbodies. The detailed facies patterns and multitude of tributary causes described and discussed here are applicable to an overall understanding of facies architecture in paralic environments.
Pendugaan Viabilitas benih padi (Oryza sativa L.) dengan Uji Tetrazolium
Authors: Tri Utami Wati , Farmia Asih , Suharno Suharno
Published: October 2024

Supporting factors for the success of rice planting include seed availability in sufficient quantities, high quality, and availability when needed. Conventional rice seed viability testing generally takes quite a long time, around 14 days. Therefore, it is necessary to develop several methods for quickly testing seed viability. This research aims to determine the coloring pattern of rice seeds, differences in viability tested with 0.25% tetrazolium concentration, and the relationship between the viability values of seeds tested for sprouting and those tested with 0.25% tetrazolium. This research was carried out from March to May 2023 at the Laboratory of the Central Java Seed Supervision and Certification Center. The treatments used were tests using the direct sprout test (rolled paper in plastic test) and the 0.25% concentration tetrazolium test method. The seeds used were seeds with different storage times (0, 1, 2, and 3 months) to obtain variations in seed vigor. The data obtained were analyzed using visual and descriptive analysis, t-test, and correlation analysis. The results showed that the tetrazolium test with a concentration of 0.25% on Inpari 42 rice seeds produced seven coloring patterns grouped into four viable seed and three non-viable seed coloring patterns. The 0.25% concentration tetrazolium test showed that the results had no significant effect and were closely related the results of the direct germination test so the rapid test could be used as a substitute for the (conventional) germination test on a wide scale.
Combating Soil Drought in Maize (Zea mays L.): Genetic-Engineering Strategies for Drought Tolerant Varieties
Authors: Adnan Moch. Rosyadi , Syawaluddin Ahmad Robiul , Sholehah Alvianti Maulidatus , Cahyani Dinik Dwi , Lailiyah Fitriyatul , Sucahyo Gilang Hardi , Kurniawan Hendri , Aini Nurul , Wilujeng Elly Daru
Published: October 2024

Drought is the global challenge of crop agriculture across the globe. The detrimental effect of drought hinders a significant growth and development impairment leading to devastating harvest losses. Maize, a vital staple for food faces future challenges with a rapidly expanding drought area. To address this challenge, scientists and breeders are urged to develop new varieties that are not only resistant or tolerant but also even potentially thrive under drought planting conditions. New breeding technologies involving molecular biology and biotechnology have been developed and implemented thus offering a promising solution. Genetic engineering has allowed humans to straightforwardly transfer beneficial genes across species and varieties, thus deliberating gene pool transfer of similar species and varieties. Furthermore, this technology has evolved to the level of creation, deletion, or modification of existing alleles with high precision through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing. This review article delves into the morpho-physiology, biochemical, and molecular responses of maize varieties against drought stress. It subsequently explores how genetic engineering has been utilized to optimize the selected genes underlying those responses. By exploring the current progress of genetic engineering, this article aims to prepare the ground for future advancement in combating drought through drought-tolerant maize varieties. Thus, this review article has the potential to contribute to improving food security in the increasing drought challenges.
Determinants of market outlet choice of the smallholder potato producers in south west shoa zone of Ethiopia
Authors: Gebeyehu Lemane , Fikadu Lelisa , Tolera Tadesse
Published: October 2024

This study was aimed at analyzing potato market outlet choice in woliso and wonchi districts of the south west shoa zone of Ethiopia. In this study, primary and secondary data sources were employed. The data were obtained from a sample of 368 farm households. Both descriptive and econometric methods have been employed for data analysis. The results of descriptive statistics show that the probabilities for potato producers to choose wholesalers, retailers, collectors, and consumers as market outlets were 51.63%, 52.72%, 45.92%, and 42.39%, respectively. Moreover, the results from the multivariate probit model indicate that the probability of choosing wholesalers, retailers, collectors, and consumers market outlet choice is significantly affected by age, sex, land allocated for potatoes, product supplied to market, distance to market, total livestock holding, and access to credit services. Based on the study's findings, we suggest the government and interested parties focus on enhancing rural-urban infrastructure and establishing the closest potato market in order to increase market accessibility.
Methylation Mesa define functional regulatory elements for targeted gene activation
Authors: Tenen Daniel , Bassal Mahmoud , Liu Yanjing , Suryatenggara Jeremiah , Wong Hannan , Jayasinghe Migara , Tang Jing Ping , Tan Hong Kee , Kwon Junsu , Zhou Qiling , Ummarino Simone , Ebralidze Alexander , Le Minh , Doench John , Chai Li , Benoukraf Touati , Hiwase Devendra , Thomas Daniel , Ruscio Annalisa Di
Published: October 2024

DNA methylation and mRNA expression correlations are often presented with inconsistent evidence supporting causal regulation. We hypothesized that causal regulatory methylation elements would exhibit heightened demethylation sensitivity. To investigate, we analyzed 20 whole genomic bisulfite sequenced samples before and after demethylation and identified narrow width (45 294 bp) elements within a short plateau, termed Methylation Mesa (MM). The Mesa signature was conserved across species and was independent of CpG islands. Mesa also demonstrate high concordance with primed and active histone marks. To assess causality, we developed CRISPR DiR, a highly precise targeted demethylation technology. Targeted demethylation of a Mesa triggers locus and distal chromatin rewiring events that initiate mRNA expression significantly greater than promoter CpG island targeting. Thus, Mesa are self-sustaining epigenetic regulatory elements that maintain long-term gene activation through focused demethylation only within the Mesa core, resulting in subsequent histone modifications and chromatin rewiring events that interact with distal elements also marked as Mesas.
Genomic landscape characterization and comparative analysis of tissue and liquid-based next-generation sequencing in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma in Taiwan
Authors: Wu Chiao-En , Yeh Chun-Nan , Lin Shu-Fu , Wu Chia-Ling , Liou Miaw-Jene , Chen I-Wen , Chen Chiao-Ping , Chang Ching-Fu , Wang Qi‑An
Published: October 2024

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is an aggressive disease that requires prompt diagnosis and multimodal treatment. Recent advancements in targeted therapies have offered new treatment options for patients with ATC, potentially improving their clinical outcomes. Ongoing progress in high-throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) has enabled clinicians to comprehensively characterize the genomic landscape of tumors, guide treatment decisions, and facilitate clinical trial enrollment. The role of liquid NGS in ATC remains unclear, particularly in cases where tissue NGS is not feasible or yields inadequate results. This study assessed patients with ATC treated at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, between 2011 and 2023. Among these, 26 patients had adequate tissue for commercially available tissue NGS (ACTOnco®+, 440 genes), 15 had access to a commercially available liquid NGS platform (ACTMonitor®+, 50 genes), and 13 patients underwent both tissue and liquid NGS. The genetic alterations observed in ATC exhibited a high degree of heterogeneity, involving several pathways, including RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK (73.1%), PI3K/AKT/mTOR (57.7%), cell cycle regulation (92.3%), other receptor tyrosine kinases (65.4%), DNA damage response (50.0%), DNA mismatch repair (MMR, 34.6%, including MLH1, MSH6, MSH2, and PMS1), and chromatin remodeling (76.9%). The most frequently mutated genes in tissue NGS were TP53 (17/26, 65.4%) and BRAF (8/26, 30.8%). Among the 13 pairs analyzed on both platforms, the concordance rates were 84.6% and 69.2% for BRAF and TP53, respectively. Among two patients without sufficient tissue for NGS, liquid NGS provided additional information on genetic alterations. Two ATC patients treated with dabrafenib and trametinib had treatment-naïve and post-treatment tissue samples for NGS, but only one patient (two samples; ATC01 after) showed copy number gain over genes, which may be associated with resistance. NGS platforms, whether applied to tissue or liquid samples, can empower clinicians to identify targetable oncogenic events in ATC. Liquid biopsy provides supplementary information when the tissue is insufficient for NGS. Additional studies are needed to understand the resistance mechanisms associated with BRAF-targeted therapy and explore strategies to overcome resistance.
A multi-center, open-label, randomized clinical trial evaluating the preventive effect of perampanel on craniotomy-induced epileptogenesis in seizure-naive patients with supratentorial brain tumors: study protocol for a GRAMPAS trial
Authors: Yamaguchi Junya , Ohka Fumiharu , Motomura Kazuya , Ishizaki Tomotaka , Nakahara Norimoto , Fujitani Shigeru , Nagatani Tetsuya , Ohno Masasuke , Ando Masahiko , Kuwatsuka Yachiyo , Nishida Kazuki , Saito Ryuta
Published: October 2024

Background
Early seizures after craniotomy are significant perioperative events that can be detrimental to patients. Although the preventive effects of antiseizure drugs on seizures after craniotomies have not been demonstrated and the use of antiseizure drugs to prevent seizures after craniotomy is not recommended by official guidelines, many clinicians prescribe these drugs to prevent seizures after craniotomies. The current discrepancy between the guideline recommendations and actual clinical practice is problematic.This multi-center, randomized clinical trial was designed to investigate the preventive effects of perampanel on early seizures after craniotomy.
Method
This multi-center, open-label, randomized clinical trial will be conducted at five hospitals in Nagoya, Japan between February 2024 and December 2026. A total of 142 seizure-naive patients with supratentorial brain tumors will be recruited. The participants will be randomly assigned to the treatment and control groups (1:1). Participants in the treatment group will receive 2 mg of perampanel for 2 days before surgery and 28 days postoperatively. The participants in the control group will not take antiseizure drugs. The primary outcome is the incidence of seizures within 28 days after craniotomy. Secondary outcomes are length of hospital stay, length of intensive care unit stay, and postoperative complications.
Discussion
Considering the discrepancy between the guidelines and the clinical use of antiseizure drugs for the control of early seizures after craniotomy, there is an urgent need for new evidence. This is the first multi-center, randomized clinical trial to investigate the preventive effect of perampanel on early seizures after craniotomy. The results of this trial have important implications for the current, unsubstantiated, perioperative use of antiseizure drugs.
Trial registration
Japan Registry of Clinical Trials approved and registered this trial n 9th April 2024. Approved number is jRCTs041230117. Japan Registry of Clinical Trials is an approved member of the Primary Registry Network of the World Health Organization’s International Clinical Trials Registry Platform.
The application of magnifying endoscopy in the diagnosis of cervical lesions
Authors: Li Qing , Wang Jue , Sun Tao , Zhang Hongwei , Chen Limei , Wang Qing , Sui Long , Hua Keqin
Published: October 2024

Objective
This study aimed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of magnifying endoscopy in the examination of patients with high-risk factors for cervical lesions.
Methods
Two equally skilled colposcopy specialists examined 59 patients admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University between March 14, 2023, and April 15, 2023. These patients underwent both colposcopy and magnifying endoscopy examinations. Preliminary diagnoses were then made by the two colposcopy specialists using colposcopy and magnifying endoscopy. The sensitivity and specificity of these methods were then evaluated compared to the postoperative pathology diagnosis for a better understanding of their efficacy.
Results
Colposcopy exhibited sensitivity rates of 23.08% for the diagnosis of normal tissue, 10% for low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 90% for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), and 84.62% for cervical cancer, with specificity rates of 93.94%, 67.35%, 71.43%, and 100%, respectively. In contrast, magnifying endoscopy demonstrated sensitivity rates of 42.31%, 40%, 90%, and 92.31% for normal tissue, LSIL, HSIL, and cervical cancer, respectively. The corresponding specificity rates for these categories were 87.88%, 77.55%, 83.67%, and 100%.
Conclusion
Magnifying endoscopy exhibits higher sensitivity and specificity compared to colposcopy in detecting cervical lesions. With the ability to magnify lesions up to 520 times, magnifying endoscopy facilitates precise visualization of cellular-level lesions, as well as associated anatomical features and vascular signals.
β-tcp/collagen composite scaffolds facilitate bone remodeling in vertebral plate fusion
Authors: Wang Zhen , Liang Xuegang , Xu Shaowei , Wang Lijuan , Hao Bin , Ma Jian , Wang Xueqi , He Xijing
Published: October 2024

Purpose
Beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) exhibits rapid osteogenesis and poor ductility. To overcome these disadvantages, we selected β-TCP/collagen for this study.
Methods
β-TCP/collagen and β-TCP were used as experimental and control groups, respectively. MC3T3-E1 cells were co-cultured with the material, and the osteogenic ability of the cells was observed using experimental methods such as scanning electron microscopy, flow cytometry, alizarin red staining, ALP staining, RT-qPCR and Western blotting. In the animal experiment, we selected lumbar 3–4 and lumbar 4–5 vertebral plates of the kid goat for implantation of β-TCP/collagen and β-TCP materials, and observed the osteogenesis of vertebral plates at different time periods.
Results
The β-TCP/collagen have larger mesh pores, which facilitates successful cell crawling growth in in vitro experiments, generates more bone trabeculae from implant fusion in animal experiments, and permits inclusion body formation. Moreover, inclusion body formation was later in the β-TCP/collagen group than in the β-TCP group, but continued for a long period of osteogenesis, and its osteogenic fusion capacity was stronger.
Conclusions
We hypothesized that the timing of vascular emergence during bone remodeling affects the ability of autologous bone fusion and also suggested that β-TCP/collagen possess longer and stronger osteogenic capacity, making them more suitable for a wide range of clinical applications.
Characteristic Gut Microbial Species Associated with Salt Sensitivity in Hypertensive and Normotensive Tibetan Individuals
Authors: Wang Li , Zhang Zhidong , Cao Liangjia , Xu Wenjuan , Jin Hua , Yasen Rukeye , Hu Jihong
Published: October 2024

Backgroud: The study examined the diversity of gut microbiome in Tibetans residing in Gannan Prefecture, China, across varying levels of blood pressure in order to investigate the potential relationship between blood pressure, salt sensitivity, and gut microorganisms for the development of strategies aimed at preventing hypertension. Methods: Utilizing data obtained from the National Natural Science Foundation of China project (No. 81960614), a cohort of 152 individuals was selected from a population of 1459 Tibetans following a seven-year period of surveillance in Lintan and Zhoni counties. These participants underwent comprehensive evaluations encompassing questionnaires, physical examinations, blood pressure measurements, and assessments of salt sensitivity. Subsequently, the individuals were categorized into distinct groups based on their salt sensitivity and hypertensive status, including Salt-Sensitive Hypertensive (SSHS), Non-Salt-Sensitive Hypertensive (NSSHS), Salt-Sensitive Normotensive (SSNHS), and Non-Salt-Sensitive Normotensive (NSSNHS). Results: Significant differences in gut microbial β-diversity were observed between salt-sensitive and non-salt-sensitive groups. Among hypertensives, Fusobacterium spp, Prevotella spp_NK3B31_group, and Megalococcus spp. were more abundant in SSHS. In normotensives, Mycobacterium spp. and others were more prevalent in SSNHS. LEfSe analyses revealed a greater variety of characteristic species in the salt-sensitive groups. Specific taxa like CAG_352 and Acetanaerobacterium were enriched in hypertensive salt-sensitive subjects, whereas Brautobacteria spp., Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Moraxaceae were enriched in the non-salt-sensitive hypertensive group. In normotensives, Mycobacterium, Actinobacteria, and Bifidobacterium spp. were enriched in SSNHS, and Clostridium spp._UCG_014 in NSSNHS. Analysis of KEGG and COG pathways revealed distinct functional differences between hypertensive and normotensive groups. Conclusion: Gut bacteria composition may affect salt sensitivity, with the salt-sensitive group showing more characteristic species than the non-salt-sensitive group. CAG_352 and Acetanaerobacterium could be potential biomarkers for salt sensitivity in those with hypertension, while the presence of Anabaenaerobacterium phylum may indicate salt sensitivity in those with normal blood pressure.
Nomogram construction of the difference in MEWS combined with SPO 2 for predicting the condition of patients with unplanned enter to the rescue room- A multi-centre study
Authors: Fan Hongquan , Qu Fengjiang , Chu Zhe , Yuan Quan , Yang Lu , Zhang Yonggang , Huang Siyuan
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
Investigate the efficacy of the difference in Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) (within admission to the Emergency rescue Room versus 1 h of admission to the emergency observation room) combined with Pulse Oxygen Saturation(SPO2)in early risk screening for unplanned transfer to the Emergency Rescue Room༈UTER༉.
Methods:
We collected the vital sign data of patients who are UTER in the emergency department of three hospitals and explored the predictive power of the difference in MEWS combined with the peripheral oxygen saturation (SPO2) of patients when they are UTER by constructing a binary logistic regression model and nomogram. The prediction model is evaluated by ROC, AUC, calibration curve and other indicators.
Results:
The optimal cut-off value for predicting the difference in MEWS is 3.5, and the maximum value of Youden index is 0.761. When patients are unplanned to enter the resuscitation room, the first measured SPO2 (P = 0.027, OR = 0.97, 95%CI: 0.94-1.00) and the difference in MEWS (P < 0.001, OR = 53.26, 95%CI: 29.51–96.11) are independent risk factors for predicting the progression of their condition. The training set predictive models AUC is 0.890 (95% CI: 0.853–0.927) and the internal and external validation sets’ predictive models AUC are 0.957 (95% CI: 0.917–0.997) and 0.934 (95%CI: 0.871–0.997), respectively.
Conclusions:
When a patient is UTER, the SPO2 measured for the first time and the difference in MEWS are independent risk factors for predicting the progression of their disease. The prediction model and the nomogram constructed by this can well predict the risk of disease change of the patient and improve the attention and vigilance of clinicians and nursing staff to the patient's disease.
How were the elderly RA patients doing in their last year? — A post hoc analysis for telephone based following up to RA patients in Zunyi China
Authors: Chen Yong , Chen Yan-Juan , Luo Jian-Feng , He Mang , Tian Shi-Dan , Zhang Yong-Qiao , Zhao Si-jin , Chen Xiao-Long , Yang Chuan-Jie , Luo Yu-Zhuo , Nandakumar Kutty Selva , Tian Mei
Published: October 2024

Elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were perceived to have higher disease activity and combinations based on knowledge of rheumatology and geriatrics, however, lack of clinical data validations. This study compares the SF-36 scores and prevailing health complications between < 60y and ≥ 60y patients with RA. According to the following up, 21 cases passed away at 61.55 ± 8.11y, which was 6.75 years less than the local average death age. Elderly patients with RA reported lower recovery levels, and their levels of inflammatory markers such as Immunoglobulin M - rheumatoid factor (IgM-RF), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were significantly higher than those of younger patients during the one-year observation period. The SF-36 results indicated that eight items of QoL in the elderly patients were significantly inferior to < 60y patients, while the complications of interstitial lung disease (ILD), latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and, lung and herpes zoster infections were significantly higher. Elderly patients had a higher disease activity score, and more complex treatments, along with poor QoL, more health-related complications, and susceptibility to infections. Our study emphasizes the imperative need for optimization of RA treatment modalities in the elderly to alleviate their sufferings.
Machine Learning-Based Model for Predicting Radiation Pneumonitis in Locally Advanced Non- Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with IMRT-A Two-Centre Study
Authors: Liu Fushuang , Yang Dingyi , Li Liqing , Su Tingshi , Wu Qiaoyuan , Liang Shixiong
Published: October 2024

Aim: To build and externally validate machine learning-based models for radiation pneumonitis (RP) prediction in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in the era of precision radiotherapy.
Patients and Methods: In this two-center retrospective study, a total of 218 patients (131 in the training cohort, and 87 in the external validation cohort) with LA-NSCLC. All patients underwent primary IMRT with strict lung dose constraints. Pretreatment CT radiomics features were extracted and then generated radiomics score (Rad-score). The study factors included Rad-score, dose-volume parameters and clinical features. Based on the independent risk factors, three machine learning models (random forest, logistic regression and decision tree) were developed and validated for predicting RP. The predictive performances of the models were evaluated using area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results: Within both cohorts, the overwhelming majority of patients were safely treated with radiotherapy within known lungs dose constraints. PE,ILD,N2-N3, ipsilateral lung Rad-score and contralateral lung Rad-score were independent risk factors for RP (P＜0.05). The AUC of random forest model, logistic regression model and decision tree model were 0.938, 0.859 and 0.632 in the training cohort, and 0.885, 0.911 and 0.721 in the external validation cohort, respectively. The calibration curve and DCA demonstrated goodness-of-ft and improved benefits in random forest model.
Conclusion: PE, ILD, N2-N3 and CT radiomics features of lungs were independent predictors of RP in the LA-NSCLC patients treated with IMRT. The model using random forest algorithm exhibited the best predictive accuracy, outperforming logistic regression and decision tree.
Anti-TMEM16A Monoclonal Antibody Inhibits the Growth and Metastasis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Yutian , Meng Lin , Qu Like , Zhao Chuanke , Wang Lixin , Ma Jiayi , Liu Caiyun , Shou Chengchao
Published: October 2024

The chloride channel transmembrane protein 16A (TMEM16A) possesses a calcium-activated property linked to tumor-promoting malignant phenotype and electrophysiological stability. Numerous studies have shown that TMEM16A exhibits aberrant amplification in various squamous cell carcinomas such as esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and is correlated with unfavorable outcomes of ESCC patients. Therefore, TMEM16A is considered as a promising therapeutic target for ESCC. Because of its intricate structure, the development of therapeutic antibodies directed against TMEM16A has not been documented. In this study, we produced a series of novel monoclonal antibodies targeting TMEM16A and identified mT16#5 as an antibody capable of inhibiting ESCC cells migration, invasion and TMEM16A ion channel activity. Additionally, based on the validation that TMEM16A was positively correlated with expression of EGFR and the interaction between them, the mT16#5 exhibited a synergistic inhibitory effect on ESCC metastasis and growth when administered in combination with Cetuximab in vivo. In terms of mechanism, we found that mT16A#5 inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT and JNK. These results highlight the anti-growth and anti-metastasis capacity of mT16A#5 for the treatment of ESCC by targeting TMEM16A.
Pattern and Trends of Paediatric Tooth Extractions in Kano, Northern Nigeria: Implications for Policy and Practice
Authors: OKOLO C , MALAMI A , MOHAMMED M , ADEYEMO Y.
Published: October 2024

Objectives:
This study aimed to investigate the patterns and trends of tooth extractions in a paediatric population attending a dental clinic in Kano, Northern Nigeria, and to identify the prevalent reasons and associated factors contributing to the need for extractions. Furthermore, it sought to explore the implications of the findings for policy and practice in the region.
Methods:
A retrospective analysis of patient records from the paediatric dental clinic at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital was conducted for patients treated between January 2021 and December 2023. Data were collected on patient demographics, FDI tooth number and tooth type extracted (primary/permanent), and reason for extraction. Descriptive analyses and chi-square tests were performed using SPSS version 20.
Results:
A total of 1556 teeth were extracted from 1140 children aged 1 to 16 years (male-to-female ratio 1.1:1). Single tooth extraction accounted for 71.4% of cases, while 28.6% involved multiple tooth extractions. Dental caries was the most prevalent reason for extraction (62.7%), followed by orthodontic reasons (29.6%) and traumatic dental injuries (7.7%). Maxillary anterior teeth were commonly extracted in children aged 1-5 years, while mandibular posterior teeth were predominantly extracted in older age groups (p < 0.05). Permanent maxillary central incisors and mandibular first molars, as well as deciduous maxillary second molars and mandibular first molars, were the most frequently extracted teeth.
Conclusion:
Dental caries, orthodontic reasons, and traumatic dental injuries were significant contributors to tooth extractions in this population. Age-specific patterns and tooth-related factors influenced the reasons for extractions, highlighting the need for targeted preventive measures and early interventions tailored to different age groups. The findings underscore the urgency of implementing comprehensive preventive dental programmes, improving access to affordable dental care, and developing evidence-based policies to address the oral health challenges faced by children in Kano and Northern Nigeria.