bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preclinical Pharmacokinetics and CYP Modulation Activity of Chebulinic Acid: A
Potent Molecule Against Metabolic Disease
Authors: Biswas Arpon , Kumar Verma Sarvesh , Kumar Shiv , Mishra Tripti , Kumar Mukesh , Deb  Choudhury Abhijit , Agrawal Sristi , Sanap Sachin Nashik , Bisen Amol Chhatrapati , Mishra Anjali , Narender Tadigoppula , Bhatta Rabi Sankar
Published: August 2023

Background:

Chebulinic acid (CA) is an active constituent of Terminalia chebula fruits with therapeutic
potential against multiple metabolic diseases, including dementia, benign prostate hyperplasia, and osteoporosis.

Objective:

The present work intends to explore the preclinical pharmacokinetics, including the absolute bioavailability
of CA and its influence on the gene expression of cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver.

Methods:

Quantifying CA and probe drugs in vitro samples and preclinical serum samples of male SD rats were
performed using LC-MS/MS. The influence of CA on the hepatic CYPs and their gene expression was analyzed in
rat liver by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results:

The plasma protein binding was found to be 84.81 ± 7.70 and 96.34 ± 3.12, blood-to-plasma ratio of 0.62 ±
0.16 and 0.80 ± 0.23 at 1 μM and 10 μM concentrations, respectively. Again, the absolute oral bioavailability of CA
at 100 mg/kg was found to be 37.56 ± 7.3%. The in-vivo pharmacokinetic profile of probe drugs revealed CA to have
significant inducing effects on CYP1A2, 2C11, 2D2, and 2E1 after 14 days, which correlates to both in-vitro rat
microsomal data and gene expression results.

Conclusion:

Altogether, pharmacokinetic parameters reveal CA to have an affinity to distribute across different
extravascular tissues and induce rat liver CYP enzymes.
Research Progress of Neural Invasion in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Zhu Mengying , Luo Feng , Xu Bin , Xu Jian
Published: August 2023

Pancreatic cancer is one of the highly malignant gastrointestinal tumors in humans, and
patients suffer from cancer pain in the process of cancer. Most patients suffer from severe pain in
the later stages of the disease. The latest studies have shown that the main cause of pain in patients
with pancreatic cancer is neuroinflammation caused by tumor cells invading nerves and triggering
neuropathic pain on this basis, which is believed to be the result of nerve invasion. Peripheral nerve
invasion (PNI), defined as the presence of cancer cells along the nerve or in the epineurial, perineural,
and endoneurial spaces of the nerve sheath, is a special way for cancer to spread to distant
sites. However, due to limited clinical materials, the research on the mechanism of pancreatic cancer
nerve invasion has not been carried out in depth. In addition, perineural invasion is considered
to be one of the underlying causes of recurrence and metastasis after pancreatectomy and an independent
predictor of prognosis. This article systematically reviewed the neural invasion of pancreatic
cancer through bioinformatics analysis, clinical manifestations and literature reviews
Separation of Channels Subserving Approach and Avoidance/Escape at
the Level of the Basal Ganglia and Related Brainstem Structures
Authors: Coizet Véronique , Tannir Racha Al , Pautrat Arnaud , Overton Paul G.
Published: August 2023

The basal ganglia have the key function of directing our behavior in the context of events
from our environment and/or our internal state. This function relies on afferents targeting the main input
structures of the basal ganglia, entering bids for action selection at the level of the striatum or signals
for behavioral interruption at the level of the subthalamic nucleus, with behavioral reselection facilitated
by dopamine signaling. Numerous experiments have studied action selection in relation to inputs
from the cerebral cortex. However, less is known about the anatomical and functional link between
the basal ganglia and the brainstem. In this review, we describe how brainstem structures also
project to the main input structures of the basal ganglia, namely the striatum, the subthalamic nucleus
and midbrain dopaminergic neurons, in the context of approach and avoidance (including escape from
threat), two fundamental, mutually exclusive behavioral choices in an animal’s repertoire in which the
brainstem is strongly involved. We focus on three particularly well-described loci involved in approach
and avoidance, namely the superior colliculus, the parabrachial nucleus and the periaqueductal
grey nucleus. We consider what is known about how these structures are related to the basal ganglia,
focusing on their projections toward the striatum, dopaminergic neurons and subthalamic nucleus, and
explore the functional consequences of those interactions.
Ionic Liquid@ HT- Clay Combination for Baylis -Hillman Reaction and
Lactone Ceramide Analog Synthesis
Authors: Srivastava Vivek
Published: August 2023

This study investigates the use of ionic liquids (ILs) immobilized on HT-clay as catalysts for
the Baylis-Hillman reaction. The catalytic system comprised three different types of ILs ([HIM]Im,
[BIM]Im, [EIM]Im) and exhibited high reactivity, and the B-H products were obtained in good yield,
which is superior to previously reported catalytic systems, whether they were heterogeneous or homogeneous.
The HT-clay immobilized with ILs also allowed for easy recovery from the reaction mass and
could be recycled for up to 7 consecutive runs with only a slight decrease in activity. Moreover, the
scope of our catalytic system was extended to synthesize biologically active lactone ceramide analogs
using the Baylis-Hillman reaction at room temperature with (S-) Garner aldehyde and methyl acrylate.
The synthesis was successful, and we obtained good yields of the desired products, highlighting the versatility
of the ionic liquid immobilized HT-clay catalytic system. This study demonstrates the potential of
ionic liquid immobilized HT-clay as a promising catalyst for various organic reactions. Our findings
emphasize the importance of developing efficient and environmentally friendly methods for synthesizing
valuable organic compounds. The results obtained from this study provide a significant contribution to
the ongoing research in the field of catalysis and will be useful for developing new approaches to the
synthesis of complex organic molecules.
Study of the Relationship Between Insulin Resistance, Iron Status Markers, and Body Weight in a Sample of Egyptian Population
Authors: Bahaaeldin Ahmed Mohamed , Hussein Magda Shoukry , Hashem Shaimaa Shaaban , Saleh Amr Mahmoud Mohamed
Published: August 2023

Background:

Iron plays a key role in the regulation of body iron homeostasis and is used as a clinical marker for iron deficiency (ID) and hemochromatosis. The idea that iron dysregulation may contribute to various metabolic diseases, such as obesity, insulin resistance, MetS, and T2DM, is a hot topic of discussion.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship insulin resistance, iron status markers, and body weight in a sample of Egyptian population.

Methods:

Methods: A case control study was conducted on 90 subjects with age ranging from 18 to 70 years old from a diabetes outpatient clinic, and they were divided to three groups: Group I, non-obese- non-diabetic as the control group; Group II, obese-non-diabetic; and Group III, obese-diabetic.

Results:

In our study, there was no statistically significant difference between the three studied groups regarding the different iron parameters. Similarly, we found that neither HOMA-IR nor body weight had a significant correlation with iron status markers.

:

On the contrary, we detected significant positive correlations between the TIBC and the fasting blood glucose, between the serum iron and the LDL, between the TSAT and the systolic blood pressure, and between the HOMA-IR and hematocrit.

Conclusion:

Our study demonstrated no direct statistical significant relationship between the different iron parameters, obesity, and insulin resistance, either in the diabetic or non-diabetic subjects. This may be due to the complex metabolic dysregulation and the small number of the sample for future investigations.
WITHDRAWN: Anti-inflammatory and Anti-arthritic Properties of Mucuna gigantea Plant Extracts: Establishing by Molecular Docking Study
Authors: kumar Satish , Srivastava Pratima , Mujwar Somdutt , Gauttam Vinod , Gupta Sumeet
Published: August 2023

Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been
withdrawn from the journal Current Computer-Aided Drug Design.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

BENTHAM SCIENCE DISCLAIMER:

It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously
submitted or published elsewhere. Furthermore, any data, illustration, structure or table that has been published elsewhere
must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting
the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the
authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript the authors agree that the copyright
of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
An Identification of RET Inhibitor: A Computational Study
Authors: Verma Anil , Wadhwa Pankaj
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

RET (Rearranged during transcription) kinase is one of the key targets for
anticancer drug development. Understanding the real mechanism of pharmacological action is aided
by the protein-ligand interaction. The purpose of this study is to find the most effective RET
inhibitors.

Methods:

Firstly, through a literature survey, we understood that tetrazole is useful nuclei to provide
anticancer activity. Hence, a molecule was drawn containing tetrazole ring using Chemdraw
16.0. This drawn compound was used to determine further ligands employing Zincpharmer. Then,
the 3D energy minimized structure of proposed ligands and positive control (selpercatinib and
pralsetinib) were drawn using Chem3D. Further, docking was performed for all the ligands with
phosphorylated RET kinase (PDB ID - 2IVU) using trial version of Molegro virtual docker 7.0.

Results:

Determined ligands were docked with the help of Molegro virtual Docker (MVD) 7.0
employing RET kinase (2ivu) as protein.

Conclusion:

Top 10 compounds were selected and their drug-like properties along with their oral
bioavailability were also determined. ZINC12180698, ZINC12180696, ZINC09616526, ZINC12180701,
ZINC09616182, ZINC09616145, ZINC17052231, ZINC17052262, ZINC12180700, and ZINC0961
6518 were among the top ten compounds that showed the strongest affinity for the target for RETmediated
cancer in this study.
Identification of Bioactive Compounds of Streptomyces spp. Isolated from
Qom Lake Sediments and Evaluation of its Antimicrobial Activity against
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Pouryousef Forouz , Shakib Pegah , Issazadeh Khosro , Zolfaghari Mohammad Reza
Published: August 2023

Background:

Marine sediments are rich sources for isolating active secondary metabolites
from microorganisms. Among the microorganisms, Actinomycetes are highly important due to the
production of various chemical compounds in a wide range of biological activities, such as antibacterial
activity. Streptomyces is the most important genera in the family of Actinomycetes. As a member
of this group, it has great potential in the production of secondary metabolites such as antibiotics, enzymes,
herbicides, anti-carcinogenic, and other useful compounds.

Objective:

This study aims to identify bioactive compounds of Streptomyces isolated from sediments
of the Salt Lake of Qom and to study their antimicrobial properties against standard strains of Pseudomonas
aeruginosa.

Methods:

In this study, 20 samples were collected from a depth of 5 to 15-20 cm of sediment in the
Salt Lake of Qom. Pure cultivations were then provided from these samples. This study used starch
casein agar (SCA) to isolate streptomyces, and 35 Streptomyces were isolated. The disc diffusion
method was used to explore the antimicrobial properties of Streptomyces against clinical strains of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and strains standard of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 1310.

Results:

Seven strains, including SCA3 SCB1, SCB4, SCB8, SCC15, SCC18, and SCC28 strains, had antimicrobial
properties. In this study, the results show that SCC15 with the halo diameter of 17, 17, 15,
and 19 contains the best antibacterial properties against clinical strains 1, 2 and 3 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 1310. among the 16 peaks observed by GC/MS to identify
bioactive compounds of Streptomyces, it was found that Bis (2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate, with 69.06
percent, had the highest peak production, which reflects the importance of phthalates in microbial activities.

Conclusion:

According to the results, the Salt Lake of Qom was one of the sources of Streptomyces.
In addition, the isolated Streptomyces had antimicrobial properties against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
isolates. It was also found that phthalate was the most bioactive substance of Streptomyces isolated.
An Update on the Role of Circadian Rhythms in Sleep Disorders
Authors: Aziz Namra , Garg Vipin Kumar , Vinod Yadav Rupali , Gupta Arpit , Wal Ankita , Rathore Shruti , Wal Pranay
Published: August 2023

Background:

The comprehension of the molecular, cellular, and biological mechanisms
that underlie the management of the sleep-wake cycle, as well as the effects of circadian disruption on
health and illness, has made significant strides.

Methods:

An extensive literature review was done from the standard databases such as Scopus, Elsevier,
and PubMed using standard keywords “Circadian rhythm”, and “sleep disorders”. In this section,
we examined circadian biology and provided adetailed description of the pathogenesis, clinical characteristics,
diagnosis, and management of the most typical Circadian rhythm sleep disorders (CRSDs)
seen in clinical practice.

Conclusion:

It can be concluded that the central circadian rhythm mechanism may be altered, or the
intrinsic circadian clock and the environment may not be in sync, to produce circadian rhythm sleep
disorders. As a consequence, we must focus on modifying our way of life in a constructive and
healthy way. Even while the lifestyle is based on personal preferences and identities, it is important to
examine it in isolation from its sociocultural environment.
Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Impacts Quality of Life
and Activities of Daily Living of Brazilian Multiple Myeloma Patients
Authors: de Miranda Drummond Paula Lana , dos Santos Roberta Márcia Marques , Silveira Lívia Pena , Malta Jéssica Soares , Moreira Reis Adriano Max , Costa Naiane Lima , de Paula e Silva Roberta Oliveira , Fagundes Evandro Maranhão , de Pádua Cristiane Aparecida Menezes
Published: August 2023

Background:

Survival in multiple myeloma (MM) has improved in the past years with
the introduction of immunomodulators and proteasome inhibitors. However, chemotherapyinduced
peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is associated with both drug classes affecting Health-
Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and activities of daily living (ADL).

Objective:

We evaluated CIPN in MM patients to identify associated factors and impacts on
HRQoL and ADL.

Methods:

This is a cross-sectional study with Brazilian patients from public and private health services.
Patients were interviewed using validated tools to measure CIPN and HRQoL, along with
sociodemographic and clinical questions. Logistic regression was used to assess the association of
CIPN with sociodemographic, clinical, and HRQoL variables.

Results:

In total, 217 patients were eligible for the study. The median age was 67, 50.9%
were women, 51.6% had low income, 47.5% had low education, and 55.3% attended private health
services. The chemotherapy regimen most used was the combination of cyclophosphamide, thalidomide,
and dexamethasone (17.5%) among the 24 types of regimens found. Most patients (90.3%)
had at least one CIPN symptom: 62.7% were severe, and 51.62% were extremely bothered ADL.
Numbness was the most common symptom (40.6%). CIPN was independently associated with education,
hospitalization, chemotherapy, side effects, disease symptoms, and global health status in
HRQoL.

Conclusion:

MM patients showed a high frequency of CIPN, which affected ADL and impaired
HRQoL. Early and accurate detection of CIPN and dose management in patients with thalidomide
and bortezomib-based regimens should be performed to provide better treatment outcomes and
avoid permanent disabilities.
Comparison of Psychological Disorders During and After Pregnancies
Caused by Assisted Reproductive Treatments and Spontaneous
Pregnancies
Authors: Zargar Mahvash , Sayyah Mehdi , Nikbakht Roshan , Abdipour Zahra
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

Mental disorders during pregnancy are one of the major public health
problems because of its effect on both mother and child, but the prevalence of psychiatric disorders
in infertile women is largely unknown to compare psychiatric disorders during and after
pregnancies with assisted reproductive therapies (ART) and spontaneous pregnancies.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted on pregnant women referring to midwifery
centers in Ahvaz City in 2022. Pregnant women were included in two groups of either pregnancy
caused by ART (n= 84) or spontaneous pregnancy (n= 256). The Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-
90-R) was used to assess psychiatric disorders during and after pregnancies.

Results:

A high percentage of women with spontaneous pregnancy (74.6%) and ART (91.7%) had
some degree of psychological disorders. The severity of psychological disorders in both groups
was higher during pregnancy than after pregnancy (p<0.001). The intensity of various psychological
disorders during and after pregnancy in the ART pregnancy group was significantly higher
than the control group (p<0.001). An increased risk of psychiatric disorders during pregnancy was
associated with the history of psychiatric disorders [odd ratio (OR): 12.393; P= 0.022], family history
of psychiatric disorders (OR:26.168; p<0.001), history of infertility (OR: 19.00; p<0.001),
primary infertility (OR: 12.714; P=0.004), infertility duration more than three years (OR: 43.424;
p<0.001), and frequency of embryo transfer (OR: 18.939; P=0.045).

Conclusion:

Psychiatric disorders were prevalent among pregnant women in the study area especially
in pregnant women with ART. Regular screening programs for mental health problem
should be included in an antenatal care service especially in this high-risk group.
A Review on Fluid Flow and Mixing in Microchannel and their Design and
Manufacture for Microfluidic Applications
Authors: Sarma Pranjal , Patowari Promod Kumar
Published: August 2023

The present time has witnessed a never-before-heard interest in and applications of microfluidic
devices and systems. In microfluidic systems, fluid flows and is manipulated in microchannels.
Mixing is one of the most important criteria for a majority of microfluidic systems, whose laminar nature
hinders the efficiency of micromixing. The interface between the flowing fluid and the inner wall
surface of the microchannel greatly influences the behaviour of fluidic flow in microfluidics. Many researchers
have tried to pattern the surface, introduce obstacles to flow, and include micro- or nanoprotruded
structures to enhance the mixing efficiency by manipulating the microchannel flow. New
and rapid advances in MEMS and micro/nanofabrication technologies have enabled researchers to experiment
with increasingly complex designs, enabling rapid transformation and dissemination of new
knowledge in the field of microfluidics. Here, we report the fluid flow characteristics, mixing, and associated
phenomena about microfluidic systems. Microfluidic systems and components such as microreactors,
micromixers, and microchannels are reviewed in this work. We review active and passive micromixers,
with a primary focus on widely used passive micromixers. Various microchannel geometries
and their features, mixing efficiencies, numerical analysis, and fabrication methods are reviewed.
Applications as well as possible future trends and advancements in this field, are included too. It is expected
to make the reader curious and more familiar with the interesting field of microfluidics.
Withdrawal Notice: Fusion of Signal Processing Techniques to Design an Algorithm for Determination of Single Stage and Multiple Power Quality
Events
Authors: Singh Surendra , Sharma Avdhesh , Mahela Om Prakash , Garg Akhil Ranjan , Khan Baseem , Velasco Carmen Lilí Rodríguez
Published: August 2023

Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has
been withdrawn.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-
main.php.

BENTHAM SCIENCE DISCLAIMER:

It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. Furthermore, any data, illustration, structure or table that has been published elsewhere

must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submit-
ting the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the

authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript, the authors agree that the copyright
of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
Diversidad y estructura de la vegetación leñosa en cuatro bosques urbanos de la zona conurbada Xalapa-Banderilla, Veracruz, México
Authors: Jara-Toto Ernesto , Armenta-Montero Samaria , Aquino-Zapata Ana María , Carvajal Hernández Cesar
Published: August 2023

Antecedentes y Objetivos: La urbanización ha provocado que la vegetación nativa en las ciudades se reduzca en extensión. Los bosques urbanos son refugio de biodiversidad. La conurbación Xalapa-Banderilla, Veracruz, México, por la gran superficie de remanentes de bosque mesófilo de montaña (BMM) en su zona urbana, es considerada una ciudad verde. Por lo anterior, se planteó como objetivo evaluar la diversidad y estructura de la vegetación remanente del BMM en cuatro bosques urbanos de esta región.
Métodos: Se caracterizó la estructura y composición vegetal a través de cinco parcelas de 20×20 m en cada uno de los cuatro sitios estudiados (400 m2; 0.2 ha por sitio; 0.8 ha en total). Estas parcelas presentan una estructura de bosque, con una cobertura de dosel superior a 70%. En cada parcela se contabilizó la vegetación leñosa con un diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP) ≥5 cm. Se realizaron análisis de diversidad, distribución de diámetros y alturas, y se aplicó el Índice de Valor de Importancia (IVI).
Resultados clave: Se registraron 1049 individuos de 38 familias, 55 géneros y 71 especies de plantas leñosas. En los bosques urbanos estudiados, se observó que el Clavijero-El Haya es el que mantiene la estructura y composición del BMM, mientras que El Tejar Garnica es el que presentó menos afinidad al BMM. Es decir, estos bosques urbanos se encuentran en diferentes estadios sucesionales, de acuerdo con sus historias de disturbio.
Conclusiones: Los procesos de transformación en estas áreas han modificado la composición y estructura de los fragmentos; sin embargo, resguardan especies endémicas o en alguna categoría de riesgo. Además, se trata de especies que componen el ecosistema del bosque mesófilo de montaña, el cual se encuentra seriamente amenazado, por lo que estos remanentes son de gran importancia para la conservación y más aun en ambientes urbanos.
Role of Incentives in the Use of Blockchain-Based Platforms for Sharing Sensitive Health Data: Experimental Study
Authors: Esmaeilzadeh Pouyan , Mirzaei Tala
Published: August 2023

Background

Blockchain is an emerging technology that enables secure and decentralized approaches to reduce technical risks and governance challenges associated with sharing data. Although blockchain-based solutions have been suggested for sharing health information, it is still unclear whether a suitable incentive mechanism (intrinsic or extrinsic) can be identified to encourage individuals to share their sensitive data for research purposes.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate how important extrinsic incentives are and what type of incentive is the best option in blockchain-based platforms designed for sharing sensitive health information.

Methods

In this study, we conducted 3 experiments with 493 individuals to investigate the role of extrinsic incentives (ie, cryptocurrency, money, and recognition) in data sharing with research organizations.

Results

The findings highlight that offering different incentives is insufficient to encourage individuals to use blockchain technology or to change their perceptions about the technology’s premise for sharing sensitive health data. The results demonstrate that individuals still attribute serious risks to blockchain-based platforms. Privacy and security concerns, trust issues, lack of knowledge about the technology, lack of public acceptance, and lack of regulations are reported as top risks. In terms of attracting people to use blockchain-based platforms for data sharing in health care, we show that the effects of extrinsic motivations (cryptoincentives, money, and status) are significantly overshadowed by inhibitors to technology use.

Conclusions

We suggest that before emphasizing the use of various types of extrinsic incentives, the users must be educated about the capabilities and benefits offered by this technology. Thus, an essential first step for shifting from an institution-based data exchange to a patient-centric data exchange (using blockchain) is addressing technology inhibitors to promote patient-driven data access control. This study shows that extrinsic incentives alone are inadequate to change users’ perceptions, increase their trust, or encourage them to use technology for sharing health data.
Automating Detection of Drug-Related Harms on Social Media: Machine Learning Framework
Authors: Fisher Andrew , Young Matthew Maclaren , Payer Doris , Pacheco Karen , Dubeau Chad , Mago Vijay
Published: August 2023

Background

A hallmark of unregulated drug markets is their unpredictability and constant evolution with newly introduced substances. People who use drugs and the public health workforce are often unaware of the appearance of new drugs on the unregulated market and their type, safe dosage, and potential adverse effects. This increases risks to people who use drugs, including the risk of unknown consumption and unintentional drug poisoning. Early warning systems (EWSs) can help monitor the landscape of emerging drugs in a given community by collecting and tracking up-to-date information and determining trends. However, there are currently few ways to systematically monitor the appearance and harms of new drugs on the unregulated market in Canada.

Objective

The goal of this work is to examine how artificial intelligence can assist in identifying patterns of drug-related risks and harms, by monitoring the social media activity of public health and law enforcement groups. This information is beneficial in the form of an EWS as it can be used to identify new and emerging drug trends in various communities.

Methods

To collect data for this study, 145 relevant Twitter accounts throughout Quebec (n=33), Ontario (n=78), and British Columbia (n=34) were manually identified. Tweets posted between August 23 and December 21, 2021, were collected via the application programming interface developed by Twitter for a total of 40,393 tweets. Next, subject matter experts (1) developed keyword filters that reduced the data set to 3746 tweets and (2) manually identified relevant tweets for monitoring and early warning efforts for a total of 464 tweets. Using this information, a zero-shot classifier was applied to tweets from step 1 with a set of keep (drug arrest, drug discovery, and drug report) and not-keep (drug addiction support, public safety report, and others) labels to see how accurately it could extract the tweets identified in step 2.

Results

When looking at the accuracy in identifying relevant posts, the system extracted a total of 584 tweets and had an overlap of 392 out of 477 (specificity of ~84.5%) with the subject matter experts. Conversely, the system identified a total of 3162 irrelevant tweets and had an overlap of 3090 (sensitivity of ~94.1%) with the subject matter experts.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates the benefits of using artificial intelligence to assist in finding relevant tweets for an EWS. The results showed that it can be quite accurate in filtering out irrelevant information, which greatly reduces the amount of manual work required. Although the accuracy in retaining relevant information was observed to be lower, an analysis showed that the label definitions can impact the results significantly and would therefore be suitable for future work to refine. Nonetheless, the performance is promising and demonstrates the usefulness of artificial intelligence in this domain.
Geographic Accessibility to Primary Healthcare: Study Case Dengue Fever in Purwosari Sub-District, Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Susianti Noor Alia , Riyanto Indra Agus , Ismayuni Novia , Rizki Raden Ludhang Pradipta , Cahyadi Ahmad
Published: August 2023

Distribution and spatial analysis of public healthcare in Indonesia are rarely discussed. Most of the research tell about quantity and quality which do not mention the spatial aspect. This research purposes to know the relationship between health facilities selection and geographic conditions by combining medical facilites data, number of doctor and spatial analysis approach. The selected study areas are referral health facilities chosen by DHF (Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever) patients in Purwosari District, Gunungkidul Regency. Information was collected by interviews and field measurements (altitude and location plotting) and also secondary data collection (hospital accreditation data, number of doctors, and number of beds). GPS, Altimeter, ArcGIS, and SPSS used for data collection and analysis. The spatial analysis method in this research were kernel density, buffer, ruler, and altitude of each facility. Meanwhile, the medical analysis approach used Pearsons' correlation and multinomial logistic regression in SPSS. The results of the spatial analysis show that the DHF patients in Purwosari dominantly choose health facilities in Bantul Regency because of having closer distance, relatively short travel time, lower elevation, and many health facilities centers. At the same time, Puskesmas Purwosari (Sub-district level Health center) was only chosen as an early reference and a place for treating mild dengue patients. In addition, distance, duration of travel time, and the number of doctors had a strong correlation based on the Pearson's correlation. These three variables have the greatest linear relationship with the response variable. Meanwhile, some variables; elevation, number of doctors, accreditation, and number of beds were considered by patients in choosing a hospital based on multinomial logistic regression analysis.
Spatial Distribution of Small and Big-Scale Modern Retail Through the Growth of Yogyakarta Urbanized Area
Authors: Litasari Ulfah Choerunnisa Nurul , Widiatmaka Widiatmaka , Munibah Khursatul , Machfud Machfud , Effendi Hefni
Published: August 2023

The focus on the growth of modern retail has become increasingly important due to several generated externalities. Therefore, this research aimed to identify spatial distributional pattern of modern retail in order to implement precise policies. Data were obtained from The Department of Licensing Service of Yogyakarta City and supplemented with observation through Google Maps. The global pattern was analyzed using the Moran Index (Moran’s I), while the spatial pattern was evaluated using Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA). The analysis resulted in a significant cluster pattern for small and big-scale modern retail. The LISA analysis indicated the existence of agglomeration in the suburban area, which was the urban growth area with a high-high (HH) cluster of both small and big-scale modern retail in exact locations. In conclusion, agglomeration in the suburban area was of great concern for policymakers due to the possibility of conflicts.
THE CHANGES AND SPREAD OF SETTLEMENTS OF CHINESE PADANG, INDONESIA
Authors: Erniwati Erniwati , Yulfa Arie , Syafrina Yelda , Saumia Zulfa , Naldi Hendra , Surtani Surtani , Nizam Khairul
Published: August 2023

This article discusses the changes and distribution of Chinese settlements in Padang before and after 1945. This article aims to explain the process of change and distribution of Chinese settlements and identify the underlying factors. This article uses a historical approach by utilizing document and oral data by conducting FGDs. A field survey was conducted with a high-resolution satellite and processed with Geographical Information System (GIS). This article concludes; (1) During Dutch East Indies Government, the Chinese did not strictly isolated,  their settlement was found outside of the Chinese camp; (2) The distribution of Chinese settlements became more intense through expansion of the city and the development of settlements since the 1980s. (3) The 2009 Padang earthquake had a significant impact on the changes and distribution of Chinese settlements; (4) Currently, Chinese settlements are scattered in almost all city areas in form of lot and cluster housing with various types.
Identification of Groundwater Potential Zones Using Remote Sensing and GIS Technique: A Case Study of the Ketungau Basin in Sintang, West Kalimantan
Authors: Purwanto Ajun , Paiman Paiman , Andrasmoro Dony , Eviliyanto Eviliyanto , Rustam Rustam
Published: August 2023

Groundwater is one of the most valuable natural resources in Sintang, but essential basic information regarding its properties and characteristics is presently unavailable. Currently, systemic and uniform investigations, as well as groundwater potential zones mapping are yet to be conducted within the framework of basin area units to support development activities. Therefore, this study aims to identify and map groundwater potential zones using remote sensing and GIS. The employed data were obtained from drainage density, slope steepness, straightness density, total rainfall, lithology, soil type, and land use land cover. The method applied was an interpretation of secondary data, which included a) identification and evaluation of criteria, b) data collection, c) preprocessing, and e) reclassification, while the analysis technique used was a weighted overlay. The results showed that the study location has five classes of groundwater potential zones, namely highly potential, potential, moderate, non-potential, and highly non-potential with areas of 120,754.08 ha (20.62%), 220,693.71 ha (37.69%), 109,668.44 ha ( 18.73), 93,404.38 ha (15.95%), and 41,068.31 ha (7.01%), respectively. Highly potential and groundwater potential zones were identified in the central, eastern, and western parts of the Ketungau basin. In contrast, the dominant non-potential and highly non-potential zones were found along the northern basin boundary. Based on the results, remote sensing and GIS approaches are practical tools for identifying groundwater potential zones, which can be used to determine policies related to groundwater utilization.
The Contribution of Community Social Capital in Resolving the Environment: Case Study in Regional Landfill Area of Piyungan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Setyawati E. Yuningtyas , Budiastuti Maria T. S. , Wijaya P. , Setyono P.
Published: August 2023

Domestic waste has been a major problem faced by Indonesia since time immemorial. One of the significant ways to deal with this problem is to implement a system and build an integrated waste management facility. The regional landfill area of Piyungan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, a waste disposal site covering Sleman and Bantul regencies, and Yogyakarta City still experiences complicated problems with this management process. At the landfill, waste management is reduced by the local community through social capital, namely "Mardiko.” Therefore, this study aims to determine the role of social capital in managing the regional landfill area of Piyungan. This is a quantitative and qualitative research with data collected from 200 respondents comprising government officials, community leaders, groups, and community members using the purposive random sampling method. The results showed that the stronger the role of social capital in the community, the better the efforts to serve the environment and the lesser the amount of waste disposed of as residue in the Piyungan regional landfill area. In conclusion, the social capital conducted by the community plays a significant role in managing the environment and reduces waste by 20%.
Study on the Development of Rural E-commerce Logistics “Last Kilometer” Awareness Based on the Background of Rural Revitalization
Authors: Wang Yusu
Published: August 2023

Under the background of rural revitalization, the living standard of farmers in China has been improving, and rural e-commerce is developing rapidly. However, due to the existence of many problems in rural e-commerce logistics, the development of rural e-commerce has been hindered, especially the “last kilometer” of the distribution link, which is a great limitation to the e-commerce industry, logistics industry and farmers themselves. Therefore, this paper provides a full understanding of the rural e-commerce logistics “last kilometer”, and puts forward relevant suggestions on the existing problems.
A REVIEW ON RESTORATIVE AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF NUTRACEUTICALS
Authors: DWIVEDI ABHINAY KUMAR
Published: August 2023

The food products basically known for its nutritional profile, nutraceuticals are food or food derived products with additional characteristic to minimize occurrence and prevention of certain chronic diseases. The rational use of these nutraceuticals not merely gives us nutrition and restoration but also support to fight against diseases and overcome illness. Wide variety of food and dietary supplements i.e. dietary fiber, probiotics, prebiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant vitamins, carotenoids, polyphenols and spices have proven to potential health benefit and could be used as nutraceuticals. This review primarily focused on food source, health benefit, regulatory challenges and market potential of nutraceuticals.
NETWORK PHARMACOLOGY AND MOLECULAR DOCKING-BASED PREDICTIONS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF FERULIC ACID
Authors: PATEL LIZA K
Published: August 2023

Objectives: The main objective of this study is to reveal new possible pharmacological effects of ferulic acid. This is achieved by network pharmacology by discovering potential target genes for ferulic acid, along with constructing a PPI network for those targets and performing gene enrichment analysis to understand possible diseases or disorders being affected due to the target genes. The study involves the molecular docking of target genes with ferulic acid to understand the interactions between them.
Methods: ADMETlab 2.0 was used for the pharmacokinetics study of ferulic acid. Using SwissTargetPrediction and STITCH database 79 target genes were retrieved which were used to construct a PPI network using the STRING database and for gene enrichment analysis using the ShinyGo tool. Analyzing the clusters generated by k-means clustering in the STRING database, three target gene proteins were further used to perform molecular docking with ferulic acid using PyRx software, and 2D and 3D visualization was done using Biovia Discovery Studio Visualizer.
Results: The ADMET analysis ferulic acid showed drug-likeliness. SwissTargetPrediction and STITCH database revealed 79 potential target genes. Three proteins (RELA, ALOX15, and STAT3) were selected from the PPI network analysis using the STRING database for molecular docking and visualization. ALOX15 showed the least binding energy among all three target proteins. Gene enrichment analysis suggests the target proteins are involved in cancer, neurological disorders, psychiatric disorders, Alzheimer’s disease, etc.
Conclusion: The findings of this research suggest that ferulic acid may have a wide range of pharmacological effects and gives a new perspective on its application in the field of drug discovery.
NETWORK PHARMACOLOGY AND MOLECULAR DOCKING-BASED PREDICTION OF PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF OSTHOLE
Authors: DIVEKAR RUCHA DINESH
Published: August 2023

Objectives: In this study, the term called network pharmacology (NP) process which was used to understand the underlying mechanism of the pharmacological properties of Osthole. NP is developed that is used to understand drug actions and interactions with multiple targets and it is also capable of completely articulating the complexity between diseases and medications. The research was carried out for the identification of diverse drug-target interactions using NP to discover novel medications for difficult conditions such as Parkinson’s, Cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease and many more. Osthole was used for prediction which could be used in the pharmaceutical background.
Methods: To understand the binding affinity of Osthole with the corresponding target proteins, it was analyzed. It was determined from the pathway by which diseases can be caused, such as cancer and Alzheimer’s disease. A PyRx tool was used to carry out the molecular docking. For this research, structures of protein and phytocompounds were retrieved from UniProtKB and PubChem. Furthermore, along with the help of BIOVIA discovery studio software, the protein structure was analyzed and ADMET screening was done to evaluate the Osthole pharmacological properties.
Results: The ligands were retrieved for Osthole from PubChem, then target prediction was carried out where it showed 100 potential targets. The protein-protein network and interaction were done using the STRING database, in which it showed that these CREBBP, IDO1, and MAPK8 targets have maximum interactions followed by the Gene functional analysis, that is, go function and KEGG pathway. The molecular docking was carried out using PyRx in which 4U72 showed the best binding affinity to Osthole. Furthermore, visualization was done using BIOVIA Discovery Studio, which provided the 3D and 2D visualization.
Conclusion: According to the results obtained for molecular docking, these target proteins have pharmacological effects which can be considered as suggestions for the investigation of the pharmacological mechanism of Osthole.
APPLYING BILINGUAL TO ENHANCE GRAMMAR LEARNING FOR SPEAKING: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Cahyani Fibria , Suseno Edy
Published: August 2023

For concepts to be communicated, sentences must be constructed properly. To achieve these goals, it is essential to keep the ability to modify grammatical rules. A review of ten credible research revealed that many students in Asia and Europe have grammar difficulties. The age range of these students is 6–24. Information was found on the Google Scholar website. All articles were published between 2019 and 2022. The writings’ themes center on improving grammar, speaking, and bilingual skills. The gathered data were analyzed using a systematic literature review method. Analyzing such data, it is found that all of the authors used bilingual instruction to teach the participants grammar in the English class. Implementing such a strategy leads to improvements in the pupils’ speaking abilities. The development of other abilities such as reading, writing, and listening is impacted. This discovery will help teachers teach related subjects. It also motivates other researchers to come up with new findings.
Thermal Imaging Efficacy in Predicting Trim Loss from Cull Sow Carcasses
Authors: Taylor William Edward , Humphrey Dalton C. , Peyer Ben D. , Cassady Christopher J. , Lonergan Steven M. , Stalder Kenneth J.
Published: August 2023

Abattoir-level digital image measurement and assessments recorded during the harvest process could contribute to better estimates of the economic value of each animal and could be used as animal health and well-being assessment tools to provide information/feedback for commercial pork producers. This study evaluated the association between live animal infrared images and nonedible trim loss from cull sows. Eighty sow carcasses selected from cull sows normally presented at a Midwest cull sow abattoir were evaluated. A thermal image and corresponding trim losses were collected from each sow.Regions of interest, referred to as hotspots, were isolated from the thermal images of individual sows. The relationships between the thermal hotspots, trim loss weight, and trim loss percentage from each carcass were evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficients, stepwise regression, and prediction equations. The most predictive model included covariates for the number of hotspots, live identification category, hotspot location, and explanatory continuous covariates for pixels with elevated temperature. Live animal defect classification and hotspot location categories significantly contributed to variation in percent trim. This suggests that visually identifying defects like abscesses, poor condition, mammary infection, or a combination on live cull sows is associated with trim losses from their carcass.
Comparison of Headway Measurement Methods for Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions
Authors: . Mubashir , Khan Jamal Ahmed , Shah Azeem Ullah
Published: August 2023

Abstract: This paper covers research aimed at determining if moving method (MM) is capable enough to accurately determine traffic parameters including headway, traffic flow, and traffic density on 2-lane highways under heterogeneous traffic conditions of Pakistan. For this, stationary method (SM) is set as base and results obtained by MM are compared. Linear model is developed to compare headway measured using MM. Results indicated that for 2-lane highway, chi-square value is 0.65 indicating 65% of results obtained by MM are compatible to SM. Percentage difference b/w the results obtained by MM and SM for traffic flow and traffic density are 2.32 and 5.17 respectively. Overall performance of MM for traffic parameter determination is quite satisfactory however, these results are only valid in generalized conditions. For specific conditions of traffic and road, these models need to be re-evaluated