bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation of sinonasal anatomical variations with relevant sinus involvement in chronic rhinosinusitis: a prospective observational study
Authors: Chauhan Priyanka , Bhat Nalini , Bhandarkar Pallavi , Singh Ankita
Published: January 2021

Background: The purpose of this study was to study the association of anatomical variations as risk factors in affecting specific sinuses in cases of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).

Methods: It is an observational study carried out from June 2018 to May 2019. 61 patients of CRS were included in this study. The diagnosis of CRS with or without nasal polyposis was made as per diagnostic guidelines of the task force on chronic rhinosinusitis. Each of them was assessed by nasal endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) imaging for diagnosis and evaluation of anatomical risk factors.

Results: A total of 61 patients of CRS were examined. Presence of various anatomical variants in relation to CRS were studied. We studied CT paranasal sinuses of the 61 patients, since each patient has 2 of each groups of sinuses, a total 122 group of sinuses are assessed in this study. On analyzing, we found, a significant association between deviated nasal septum (DNS) and maxillary sinusitis. Agger nasi cell and frontal and ethmoid (anterior and posterior) sinusitis, concha bullosa and maxillary sinusitis and over pneumatized ethmoid bulla and anterior and posterior ethmoid sinusitis. Other anatomical variants encountered, had no significant association with diseased sinuses (p value >0.01).

Conclusions: The study showed that, there is a strong relationship between the presence of diseased sinus and some anatomical variants. It is suggested that besides anatomical variations, other clinical parameters should also be taken into account for the etiology of sinusitis.
Study on outcome of tympanopanoplasty: a two year institutional study
Authors: Pathak Vivek K. , Saxena Rohit , Nayak Pradeepti , Tyagi Sonali
Published: January 2021

Background: Tympanoplasty is one of the common surgical procedure performed in CSOM (TTD), this study was undertaken to determine the outcome of tympanoplasty at a tertiary care teaching hospital.

Methods: This analytical observational study was conducted in the department of E.N.T, School of Medical Sciences and Research, from January 2017 to December 2018. Informed consent was taken to participate in the study pure tone audiometry (PTA) was performed before surgery and post-operatively six months. Air-bone gap (ABG) was calculated in pre- and postoperative PTA. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 20). The p value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.  

Results: Over a peroid of 2 years 168 patients underwent type 1 tympanoplasty 86 were male 21 (51.19%), female 82 (48.80%), age (range 15–53 years). Mean pre-operative air-conduction of 43.12 dB was significantly reduced to 16.12 dB with p value of <0.05. Similarly the pre-operative mean air bone gap on PTA of 35.63±6.35 dB was also reduced to statistically significant level of 7.41±3.51 dB on post-operative PTA with p value of <0.05. Graft was taken up well in 152 cases (90.2%).

Conclusions: According to our study surgical outcome of tympanoplasty is fairly good and should be done if patient gives consent.
The practices and philosophies of cartilage tympanoplasty in difficult and challenging circumstances: audiological and morphological perspectives
Authors: Pandey Apoorva Kumar , Haq Ajaz U. , Hernot Sharad , Kaintura Madhuri , Bhardwaj Aparna , Anjum Fatma , Bisht Akanksha , Negi K. S.
Published: January 2021

Background: The main objective of the study was to assess the anatomical and functional results of cartilage tympanoplasty using full thickness cartilage graft (with or without perichondrium) reinforced with fascia in high risk situations.

Methods: This prospective non-controlled, non-randomized  study included 124 cases of chronic otitis media who underwent cartilage (reinforcement) tympanoplasty (underlay) and ossicular reconstruction with or without mastoidectomy in following seven groups:  revision cases, atelectatic cases, subtotal perforation (dry), larger anterior perforations (dry), tympanosclerosis, cholesteatomatous ear, and wet (discharging) ears .  Graft success was accepted labelled as an intact graft at the end of six month postoperatively. At the same time, hearing results were also assessed by comparing pre- and post-operative pure tone average air-bone gap (PTA-ABG) of each group using Student “t” test and p<0.05 was considered statistically significant for the hearing outcomes.  

Results: Anatomical success rate in this series was 94.36%. The overall mean pre- and post- operative pure tone average air-bone gap (PTA-ABG) were 31.33±10.41 dB and 19.55±12.04 dB, respectively and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Best take up rates were observed in atelectatic and tympanosclerotic group i.e., 100% and 96.55% respectively.

Conclusions: This study discusses the results of cartilage tympanoplasty in specifically indicated seven situation and reveals good anatomic results in each group (minimum success rate was 86.66% in wet ears) and statistically significant differences in mean pre- and post op PTA-ABG in groups except cholesteatoma and wet ear group.
Triple flap meatoplasty for acquired meatal atresia
Authors: Munjal Manish , Rishi Porshia , Sidhu Harjinder , Munjal Shubham , Talwar Shivam , Sharma Salony , Chawla Deeksha , Dhillon Karan
Published: January 2021

Surgical intervention was undertaken in post-traumatic cartilaginous meatal atresia with an intact tympano-ossicular assembly, utilizing a triple flap meatoplasty, to achieve a wide meatus. The intricacies of the procedure with the late outcome are being discussed.
A rare cause of dysphagia: CREST syndrome
Authors: J. Varunkumar , Sachdeva Sheenu , Jaiswal Shubhlaxmi Atmaram
Published: January 2021

Reporting a case of a 29-year-old female patient who came to the outpatient department with features of CREST syndrome. This case report illustrates the ENT presentation of CREST syndrome. A 29 year female with features of CREST syndrome (Calcinosis+, Raynaud’s phenomena +, oesophageal dysmotility+ sclerodactyly+ and Telangiectasias+, with no pulmonary hypertension) with ANA titres positive. Complete blood count, serum electrolytes, renal function tests, liver function tests, chest X-ray ,barium swallow ,ECG was done. Rigid oesophagoscope was used for the bougie dilatation of the stricture of oesophagus and was conservatively treated for her symptoms and being followed up at present. GI disturbances such as heartburn, dysphagia or respiratory complaints. Example: dyspnoea are occasionally the first manifestations of the disease. Dysphagia, manifested by various abnormal swallowing sensation, is intially caused by impaired oesphageal motility but later can result from gastroesophageal reflux disease and secondary stricture formation. Hereby concluding that any patient coming in OPD with similar features as mentioned above we should have a differential diagnosis of CREST syndrome and limited cutaneous scleroderma, yet it is a rare case.
Understanding and analyzing competency based undergraduate curriculum in otorhinolaryngology for its effective implementation
Authors: Khilnani Ajeet Kumar , Khilnani Gurudas , Thaddanee Rekha
Published: January 2021

Background: Competency based curriculum (CBC) in medical education is introduced in a phase-wise manner from year 2019. It is important for the medical universities and institutions to understand, adopt and implement phase-wise new curriculum. The faculty development program has provided expertise to develop teaching schedules accordingly. Here we present our understanding and analysis of CBC in otorhinolaryngology (ORL).  

Methods: The documents used for this analysis were Graduate Medical Education Regulations, 1997 and 2019, UG curriculum volume-III, Logbook guidelines module, alignment & integration module and assessment module. These are readily available at national medical commission (NMC) website. The teaching hours in ORL were distributed among the competencies and they were aligned with suitable teaching learning methods.   

Results: The 76 competencies in ORL are to be completed in 202 hours (25 hours lectures, 5 hours self-directed learning, 40 hours small group teaching and 132 hours clinical postings). There will be 4 weeks clinical posting in ORL during phase-II and another 4 weeks during phase-III, part-1. The new curriculum emphasizes on day to day assessment during and after the instructions and that can be achieved by careful planning and involving all faculty members. Achieving 50% internal assessment marks along with logbook submission are the eligibility criteria for appearing in university examination.  

Conclusions: The two-year training in ORL shall be imparted by lectures, small group discussions, and DOAP sessions. The emphasis on skills acquisition is the hallmark of CBC in ORL. Proper implementation of this curriculum requires collective efforts of all faculty members of the department and inter-departmental coordination.
Aquisições públicas em tempos de pandemia: um relato de experiência em uma instituição de ensino
Authors: De Assis Aldenir Gomes
Published: January 2021

As compras públicas constituem-se como uma das áreas mais importantes da Administração Pública e ganhou grande importância no cenário da pandemia do Coronavírus. Com a finalidade de contribuir com esta área, este trabalho propôs relatar a experiência do Campus Avançado Pedras de Fogo do Instituto Federal da Paraíba (IFPB) no processo de aquisição de materiais para confecção de máscaras de tecido no combate a COVID-19. Para tanto, foi utilizado como método descritivo o relato de experiência, explicitando alguns desafios vivenciados neste processo pelo campus. A descrição se baseou em dois eixos: fatores externos e fatores internos. Dos fatores externos destacam-se a incerteza das empresas em relação ao cenário da pandemia, a inexperiência na participação em compras públicas, o receio de enviar as cotações com preços que podem variar no mercado, a situação irregular frente aos órgãos do governo. Já em relação aos fatores internos, o principal deles é o quadro de funcionários diminuto frente às crescentes demandas do período. Por fim, destaca-se que a aquisição foi concluída com sucesso e vem contribuindo para a geração de renda das costureiras selecionadas em edital publicado pelo IFPB e a produção das máscaras de tecido vem sendo realizada, a fim de atender a comunidade do IFPB.
Utilizando resíduos têxteis como alternativa de tecnologia de irrigação na Região Semiárida do Nordeste Brasileiro
Authors: Nascimento Nicéa Ribeiro do , Borges Francisco Fechine , Salvado Luísa Rita Brites Sanches , Loss Caroline
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo comparar a eficiência de dispositivos para irrigação subterrânea de culturas de palma (Opuntia ficus-indica) no Brasil. Foram utilizadas duas tecnologias, a primeira consistia em um canteiro econômico revestido com uma malha dupla-face de plástico composta por tecidos planos de microfibra de poliéster e resíduos de malhas sintéticas. A segunda tecnologia consistia em baldes feitos de resíduos têxteis de microfibra e malhas sintéticas, revestidos por tela hexagonal e preparados com cimento, resíduos de brita em forma de pó e microfibras e malhas sintéticas. O desenvolvimento das culturas foi satisfatório nas duas tecnologias, contudo, a segunda exibiu melhores resultados.
Desenvolvimento de portfólio profissional digital para associações de costura da Cidade de Pedras de Fogo
Authors: Azevedo Lucyana Xavier , Andrade Eliel Ferreira
Published: January 2021

O presente projeto tem como objetivo principal o desenvolvimento de portfólios profissionais digitais para as associações de mulheres costureiras da cidade de Pedras de Fogo, parceiras sociais do Instituto Federal da Paraíba (IFPB). Devido à pandemia causada pelo COVID-19, portfólios digitais se tornaram ainda mais presentes, assim como o comércio eletrônico. Os portfólios serão a porta de entrada para os potenciais clientes das associações, exibindo seus trabalhos, habilidades, qualidade e produtos finalizados. Essa ferramenta contribuirá para a geração de emprego e renda para as mulheres associadas que, em sua maioria, possuem baixo nível de escolaridade e renda, além de expandir o alcance dos trabalhos para as regiões metropolitanas de João Pessoa, com a finalidade de alcançar mais clientes. Produtos demonstrativos serão confeccionados, fotografados e organizados em duas plataformas: o Instagram e o Behance. Ambos serão utilizados como espaços virtuais de divulgação para que, dessa maneira, as associações sejam inseridas no mundo virtual e tenham seus materiais divulgados em rede.
AB15 ÜLKELERİNDE VE TÜRKİYE’DE EKONOMİK KARMAŞIKLIK ENDEKSİ, İNSANİ GELİŞME ENDEKSİ VE KARBON EMİSYONU: PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ
Authors: BUCAK Çağla
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ekonomik Karmaşıklık Endeksi, İnsani Gelişme Endeksi ve kişi başına karbon emisyonu (metrik ton) yıllık verilerini kullanarak AB15 ülkeleri ve Türkiye için 1995-2014 dönemine dair panel veri analizi yapmaktır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada Levin, Lin & Chu panel birim kök testi, Im, Pesaran and Shin W-stat panel birim kök testi, ADF-Fisher Chi-square panel birim kök testi ve PP-Fisher Chi-square panel birim kök testi, Pedroni ve Kao eşbütünleşme testleri ve panel Granger nedensellik testi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre üç değişken arasında eşbütünleşme ilişkisi bulunmaktadır. Ekonomik Karmaşıklık Endeksi kişi başına karbon emisyonuna, İnsani Gelişme Endeksi kişi başına karbon emisyonuna ve Ekonomik Karmaşıklık Endeksi’ne neden olmaktadır. Ampirik sonuçlar, bu ülkelerin üretimlerini gerçekleştirirken yenilenebilir enerji kullanmaları gerektiğini ve insani olarak gelişmiş toplumların katma değeri yüksek mallar ürettiklerini göstermektedir. Ayrıca İnsani Gelişme Endeksi’nin kişi başına karbon emisyonuna neden olması zincirleme bir etki olduğunu göstermektedir. Ekonomik Karmaşıklık Endeksi kişi başına karbon emisyonuna, İnsani Gelişme Endeksi de Ekonomik Karmaşıklık Endeksi’ne neden olduğundan İnsani Gelişme Endeksi değişkeni de kişi başına karbon emisyonuna neden olmaktadır.
HAVAYOLU SEKTÖRÜNDE REKABETÇİ HAMLELERİN BELİRLENMESİ: SEKTÖRE ÖZGÜ BİR TİPOLOJİ ÖNERİSİ
Authors: SÖNMEZ Rukiye , EROĞLU Umut
Published: January 2021

Bu araştırma rekabet dinamikleri çerçevesinde, Türkiye havayolu sektöründe rakip firmaların oluşturduğu rekabetçi hamlelerin belirlenmesini ve uygulamadaki mevcut hamlelerin sınıflandırılarak bir tipolojisinin oluşturulması amaçlamaktadır. Bu şekilde havayolu firmalarının stratejilerinin değişimi, süreç olarak ele alınabilmekte ve incelenebilmektedir. Veri toplama süreci ve yorumlama aşamasında, nitel araştırma yöntemine başvurulmuş böylece sektörün betimlenmesi sağlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak sektörde rekabetçi hamleler yoğun bir şekilde uygulanmakta ve rekabetin şiddetli olduğu görülmektedir. Uygulanan tüm hamleler tekrar sınıflandırıldığında pazar oluşturma, fiyatlandırma, hizmet, pazarlama ve promosyon, işbirliği ilişkileri ve kapasite hamleleri olarak altıya ayrılmaktadır. Önerilen bu tipoloji gelecekteki araştırmalara değer sunarak sektörün betimlenmesine katkı sağlayacaktır.
The comparison of predictive value of cervical length in singleton spontaneous preterm labor with in vitro fertilization pregnancies: A cohort study
Authors: Mohammad Razieh , Zargar Mahvash , Barati Mojgan , Ershadian Somayeh
Published: January 2021

Background: Preterm labor (PTL) is one of the most important factors in neonatal mortality. Some studies have revealed a reverse relationship between cervical length (CL) and PTL, however, further evidence is needed to confirm it.
Objective: To investigate the predictive value of CL in spontaneous and in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancies.
Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was performed on 154 pregnant women from 16-26 wk of gestation with a singleton fetus in spontaneous delivery (n = 77) and IVF pregnancies (n = 77) and followed up until delivery. Women with multiple pregnancy, placenta previa, cerclage, and congenital anomalies were excluded from the study. The cut-off determination was done according to the Roc analysis.
Results: The mean CL in term delivery and PTL groups were 37 ± 7 mm and 31 ± 6 mm, respectively (p < 0.001). The frequency of PTL in spontaneous and IVF pregnancies were 7.8% and 23.27%, respectively (p = 0.007). According to the Roc analysis, the best cut-off for normal pregnancy was ≤ 36 mm with the negative predictive value of 97.9%, the positive predictive value of 11.4%, sensitivity 83.3%, and specificity of 46.5%. While for the IVF group, the cut off was ≤ 30 mm, with a negative predictive value of 88.4%, a positive predictive value of 57.8%, sensitivity of 63.2%, and a specificity of 86%.
Conclusion: In this study, IVF had a significant direct correlation with PTL. CL also had a significant indirect relationship with PTL.
Key words: Cervix, IVF, Preterm delivery, PTL.
Editorial — History of in vitro fertilization and related techniques in Iran: The view of professor Safaa Al-Hasani
Authors: Aflatoonian Abbas
Published: January 2021

This is an Editorial and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the HTML.
Content and Distribution of Organic And Inorganic Carbon in the Urban Soils of Rostov Agglomeration
Authors: Tagiverdiev Suleiman S. , Skripnikov Pavel N. , Bezuglova Olga S. , Gorbov Sergey N. , Kozyrev Denis A.
Published: January 2021

The content and distribution of organic and inorganic carbon along the profile in the soils of the Rostov agglomeration are considered. The results obtained on a TOC-L CPN Shimadzu carbon analyzer are evaluated using Student's t-test. The groups of some horizons of native soils AU rz, AU, BCA, C, as well as their buried analogues [AU], [BCA], [C] were compared. The analysis of the urbic horizons was carried out taking into account their particle size distribution, previously dividing into horizons clusters - heavy URh and light URl. In the [AU] horizon of soils buried under the anthropogenic stratum, a statistically significant decrease in the organic carbon content is observed, compared to the AU horizon of natural analogues. The middle part of the profile - the BCA and [BCA] horizons - is characterized by the greatest similarity in carbon content, both organic and inorganic, which suggests the lowest anthropogenic impact on these horizons. Significant differences in the inorganic carbon content in the comparison pair - horizons C and [C] are shown, and its content is higher in natural analogues (horizons C). The data analysis of the urbic diagnostic horizons did not reveal any significant regularities because of the high degree of variation of this indicator due to the genesis peculiarities of the anthropogenically transformed stratum.
Synthesis of a Quasi-Optimal Multi-Mode Control Law Based on the Condition of the Maximum of the Function of the Generalized Power and the Principle of Release
Authors: Lazarenko Sergey V. , Kostoglotov Andrey A. , Agapov Alexander A. , Lyaschenko Zoya V.
Published: January 2021

A quasi-optimal multimode control law is developed on the basis of the condition for the maximum of the function of generalized power, taking into account the principle of exemption for control objects that can be represented by Lagrange equations of the second kind. A comparative analysis of the obtained solution was carried out on the basis of mathematical modeling. It is found that the modes of the proposed control law provide a high accuracy of approximation to the optimal speed laws and Fuller's laws with the possibility of eliminating more frequent switching. The developed control law by changing the switching line makes it possible to implement a wide range of linear and nonlinear operating modes, which allows the resulting control law to be classified as multimode.
Identities of the Riemannian Curvature Tensor of Almost C(ʎ)-Manifolds
Authors: Rustanov Aligadzhi R. , Polkina Elena A. , Kharitonova Svetlana V.
Published: January 2021

The geometry of the Riemannian curvature tensor of an almost C(λ)-manifold is studied. We have obtained several identities of the Riemannian curvature tensor of almost C(λ)-manifolds. Four additional identities are distinguished from these identities, on the basis of which four classes of almost C(λ)-manifolds are determined. A local classification of each of the distinguished classes of almost C(λ)-manifolds is obtained. It is proved that the set of almost C(λ)-manifolds of class R_1 coincides with the set of almost C(λ)-manifolds of class R_2, and it is also proved that the set of almost C(λ)-manifolds of class R_3 coincides with the set of almost C(λ)- manifolds of class R_4. We have found that an almost C(λ)-manifold, dimension greater than 3, is a manifold of class R_4 if and only if it is a cosymplectic manifold, i.e. when it is locally equivalent to the product of the Kähler manifold and the real line.
Normas e demais orientações para publicação no periódico REVES: Template
Authors: Araújo Wagner dos Reis Marques , Andrade Roberta Ferreira Coelho de , Andrade Aldair Oliveira de , Siqueira Antonio Marcos de Oliveira
Published: January 2021

Os autores devem usar o modelo do Microsoft Word para preparar seu manuscrito. Usar o arquivo de modelo reduzirá substancialmente o tempo para concluir a edição e publicação de manuscritos aceitos. Em caso de alguma dificuldade ou problema, entre em contato com o Escritório Editorial por meio do email: reves.journal@ufv.br.
CAPTAÇÃO DE VALOR E CANAIS DE COMERCIALIZAÇÃO ACESSADOS PELA COOPERATIVA D’IRITUIA
Authors: Silva Paula Francyneth Nascimento , Kato Osvaldo Ryohei , Martins Cyntia Meireles , Moreira Marcia Athayde , Oliveira José Sebastião Romano
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é identificar e analisar os mercados acessados pela cooperativa D’Irituia e como ocorre a captura valor aos produtos. Para tal, optou-se neste estudo por uma abordagem quali-quantitativa. A pesquisa assumiu um caráter analítico descritivo e foi realizada junto a 29 cooperados ativos pertencentes à Cooperativa D’Irituia por meio de análise documental, entrevista em profundidade e aplicação de questionário. Destacou-se a produção de produtos florestais não madeireiros, a produção polpas e frutas in natura, sendo esta última a matéria-prima utilizada para a produção de doces, geleias, licores, e polpas, a principal forma de agregação de valor que gera novidade produtivas. Os dados revelaram os principais canais acessados pela cooperativa, sendo os seis principais: prefeitura municipal de Irituia, empresa Natura, restaurante Aprazível, empresa ASA, Citropar e Restaurante Dom Giuseppe e Trattoria. Sendo assim, constatou-se que a cooperativa depende de canais longos para vender sua produção. Sugere-se a elaboração de um plano de marketing, direcionado principalmente ao fortalecimento dos canais locais. É imprescindível ir em busca de certificação orgânica, uma vez que o certificado de conformidade traz aos consumidores uma maior credibilidade no modo como os alimentos foram produzidos. A identidade regional favorece a captação de valor, porém, a cooperativa funciona apenas como um veículo de facilitação de comercialização, que não captura valor. É essencial que a cooperativa se capacite para lidar com novos padrões de concorrência e que a sua decisão seja baseada em aspectos estratégicos.
Coconut Oil Promotes Greater Satiety and Reduces Blood Cholesterol, But Induces Obesity, Anxiety and Impaired Bone Formation in Adult Wistar Rats
Authors: Reis Ítalo Gomes , Rocha-Gomes Arthur , Silva Alexandre Alves da , Lessa Mayara Rodrigues , Pinto Nísia Andrade Villela Dessimoni , Riul Tania Regina
Published: January 2021

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional effects of supplementation with virgin coconut oil (VCO) in Wistar rats over a sub-chronic period (6 weeks). Methods: Twelve Wistar rats were used and randomly assigned to receive (n = 6): control - lab chow; coconut oil (CO) - lab chow with added virgin coconut oil (20%). Food and caloric intake, weight gain, food efficiency, body mass index, femur and tibia length, bone mineral composition and blood biochemistry were evaluated. Result: The CO group showed an energy intake closed to control group. Also, the supplementation with VCO generated a decrease in total blood cholesterol as compared to the control group. However, the CO group showed accumulation of fat mass, shorter femur length and anxiogenesis in relation to the control group. These results indicate few beneficial effects from the sub-chronic use of VCO and indicate that its consumption in large quantities for long periods should be questioned.
Distribution of TET, AAC and CTX-M Genes among Antibiotic Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated From Poultry under Various Farming System of A and N Islands
Authors: Sunder Jai , Sujatha T. , Bhowmick S. , Mayuri S.C. , De A.K. , Bhattacharya D. , Perumal P. , Kundu A.
Published: January 2021

Background: Transmission of antibiotic resistance from animal food chain to human through animal food-borne pathogens have led to increased public concern. Wider surveillance on prevalence of antibiotic resistance in E. coli will provide information on evolution of resistance in various geographical locations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of antimicrobial resistance of E. coli isolates from poultry under various farming system in A and N Islands and resistance genes of tet, ctx-M and aac encoding the isolates. Methods: Isolates were obtained from cloacal swabs in poultry under various farming systems and tested against major antimicrobial derivatives to study multi drug resistance. The presence of genes associated with resistance to tetracycline (tet A), ESBL (CTX-M) and Gentamycin (aac(3)-IV) were determined by PCR. Result: A total of 126 cloacal samples were analysed out of which 31.38% of the E.coli isolates from poultry under various farming systems were producing extended spectrum beta-lactamases and were multiple antimicrobial resistant. Poultry birds of commercial farms showed higher resistance levels (37.5%) than organised farms (24.76%) and desi birds (31.88%). Results indicate a high level of multi-drug resistance is emerging even in desi birds. It is suggested that an antimicrobial resistance surveillance program is needed in A and N Islands in order to detect bacterial resistance among rural poultry production as the 80 percentage of total poultry population belong to desi birds.
Immunological Effects of Propofol, Ketamine and Isoflurane in Dexmedetomidine and Butorphanol Premedicated Dogs
Authors: Bayan Hitesh , Sarma Kushal Konwar , Roychoudhury Parimal , Deka Devajani
Published: January 2021

Background: The study was conducted to evaluate the immunological effects of Propofol, Ketamine and Isoflurane in Dexmedetomidine and Butorphanol premedicated dogs. Methods: Four groups of dogs (A, B, C and D), 6 animals in each, were premedicated with Glycopyrrolate, Dexmedetomidine and Butorphanol. Induction was done with Propofol (A and B) and Ketamine (C and D). Anaesthesia was maintained with Isoflurane (A and C), Propofol (B) and Ketamine (D). The cytokine mRNA expressions and cell mediated immunity response were studied before and after anesthesia at different time intervals. Result: The down regulation of IL-2 was observed during the study period with significant changes in Group A, C and D except group B. The IL-4 and IL-10 showed non-significant up regulation in all the groups and gradually returned to the pre-induction level. The IL-6 showed significant down regulation at 2 hours and day 1 and up regulation on day 3 in all the groups. The TGF-β showed up regulation in all the groups and then came to the pre-induction level with significant changes in Group A, C and D.
Assessment of the Genetic Diversity of Joha Rice Germplasms by using Simple Sequence Repeat Markers
Authors: Saikia P. , Neog B. , Gogoi N. , Baruah D.
Published: January 2021

Background: Joha Rice are aromatic rice landraces, having small to medium grain size, indigenous to Assam, India. Due to the introduction of high yielding hybrid varieties, many endemic rice landraces including Joha Rice, are in a verge of extinction, as these can only be conserved and maintained by repetitive cultivation. As there is a conflict of local names for these landraces, many landraces with similar morphological characters have been reported from various parts. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers with longer perfect repeats have earlier proved successful and essential in studying the genetic diversity among rice cultivars. The present study is aimed to evaluate the genetic relationship among fifteen (15) aromatic Joha rice landraces endemic to Upper Brahmaputra Valley, Assam. Methods: In the present investigation, different landraces of Joha rice were surveyed during 2016-2019. 15 landraces were selected, based on their morphological characters and local data. The collected germplasm of Joha rice was grown in the experimental plots and DNA from young, healthy leaves were isolated which were further used for determination of genetic diversity using SSR markers. Thirty-eight SSR markers were used to evaluate the genetic relationship among the fifteen aromatic rice landraces. Result: A total of 110 polymorphic alleles were detected by 34 markers across all the landraces, with an average of 3.25 per locus. The Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) ranged from 0.24 to 0.83, with an average of 0.5 for each marker. The marker RM154, RM454 and RM489 produced maximum six alleles showing PIC value of 0.82, 0.82 and 0.83, indicating a high polymorphism. UPGMA cluster analysis using Jaccard’s similarity index produced a dendrogram clustering the rice landraces in three major groups and five subgroups. Group II, which consisted of five sub-groups and 12 landraces, showed diverse genotypes. These landraces showed significant genetic similarities.
SLIPPERY SLOPE FRAMEWORK: MOTIVASI PEMBAYARAN PAJAK DAN KEPATUHAN PAJAK
Authors: Amalia Firda Ayu
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide empirical evidence behind tax compliance based on a slippery slope framework, namely the motivation to pay taxes due to the power (power) of the government or the awareness of the taxpayers themselves. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques in the form of questionnaires and interviews. The sample used was the UMKM actors in Batu's city with a purposive sampling technique. The study results provide empirical evidence that tax payment motivation has a positive effect on tax compliance. Furthermore, interviews with several MSME actors who became respondents stated that tax payments were based on the government's power. It can be said that the motivation for tax payments has not been based on the taxpayer's awareness. The research results are expected to provide advice to the government regarding policies or steps that should be taken to increase the trust (trust) of taxpayers on tax payments that have been made. If the trust is built, tax compliance can increase without coercion.
OPINI AUDIT, AUDIT REPORT LAG, REPORTING DELAY, KAP, DAN EPS SEBAGAI DETERMINAN HARGA SAHAM
Authors: Rindika Santika Maya , Setyaningsih Nina Dwi
Published: January 2021

The information about company’s financial performance can be obtained by investor in company’s financial report. Some of the informations are audit opinion, audit report lag, reporting delay, KAP, and EPS. That informations are used by investor to do an investment analysis through financial report that can influence investment decision. Investor’s investment decision can influence stock price change. The purposes of this research are to determine the simultan and partial effect of audit opinion, audit report lag, reporting delay, KAP, and EPS on stock price. Research type that is used quantitative method and descriptive approach. Research data are financial reports and stock prices with banking companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) within year of 2016-2018 as a population. Purposive sampling is used as a sampling method so obtained 23 samples. The research method is using multiple linier regression analysis. The results of this research are simultaneously audit opinion, audit report lag, reporting delay, KAP, and EPS have significant influence to stock prices. Partially, reporting delay and EPS have significant positive influence to stock prices. Meanwhile, audit opinion, audit report lag, and KAP have no effect on stock prices.
Science Fiction and Religion: A parallel between The Time Machine and Perelandra
Authors: Araújo Naiara Sales , Diniz Gomes Livia Fernanda
Published: January 2021

C. S. Lewis’s Space Trilogy is the only daring excursion the author does in the world of science fiction genre. Thus, this article has as main goal to raise discussion on the elements of science fiction and religion present on Perelandra (1943), core novel of C. S. Lewis’s Space Trilogy and H. G. Wells’s The Time Machine (1895). To this end, it is drawn a parallel between these novels in order to demonstrate the deep discussion on religious and scientific issues explored by Lewis and Wells, as well as shown their humanistic and religious views of the process of scientific development. As theoretical support, we build on the literary scholarship of Frye, (2004), Suvin (1979), McGrath (2020), among others. Through the discussion provided in this study it is possible to notice that Perelandra displays verisimilitude to The Time Machine in the narrative structure and plot. Both novels present eschatological characteristic, since the writers deal with the future of humanity, evolution process and its philosophical implications. For all those features, one can infer that both Perelandra and The Time Machine bring a deep reflection embedded in religious and humanistic knowledge and discussions
Educación científica basada en pruebas
Authors: Solbes Jordi , Torres Nidia Yaneth
Published: January 2021

El sistema educativo es muy grande y, por eso, hay mucha resistencia a los cambios en la práctica educativa, debido a que los profesores están aislados en sus aulas y no forman grupos de investigación e innovación, lo que dificulta que los cambios se propaguen; y a que los profesores siguen la tradición ―repiten lo que hicieron con ellos en su larga época de estudiantes―, o toman sus decisiones por ensayo y error (Gil, 1991). Frente a esto ¿es posible una educación científica basada en pruebas?
Pengembangan Sensor Kesegaran Edible untuk Fillet Ikan Tuna (Thunnus albacares) Berbasis Antosianin Kulit Buah Juwet (Syzygium cumini) dengan Membran Selulosa Bakterial
Authors: Amongsari Lilis , Kuswandi Bambang , Kristiningrum Nia
Published: January 2021

Produk perikanan merupakan bahan pangan yang banyak digemari oleh masyarakat. Salah satu hasil pengolahan produk perikanan yang disukai masyarakat adalah fillet ikan tuna. Hal tersebut diikuti dengan tuntutan kualitas mutu produk fillet ikan tuna, sehingga dibutuhkan suatu alat analisa yang dapat menganalisis kesegaran fillet ikan tuna secara mudah dan praktis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sensor kesegaran edible berbasis indikator antosianin dari ekstrak kulit buah juwet (Syzygium cumini) dengan membran selulosa bakterial dari nata de coco. Sensor kesegaran edible tersebut dapat diaplikasikan sebagai sensor kesegaran dan mengetahui tingkat kesegaran fillet ikan tuna dengan berbagai parameter. Dilakukan uji parameter kesegaran fillet ikan tuna meliputi uji total mikroba, uji total volatile bases nitrogen (TVB-N), nilai pH, nilai tekstur, dan uji organoleptis. Perubahan warna sensor kesegaran edible diamati secara visual dan diuji menggunakan program ImageJ untuk menentukan nilai mean green. Hasil menunjukkan perubahan warna sensor kesegaran yaitu ungu tua saat fillet ikan tuna dalam keadaan segar, ungu muda saat fillet ikan tuna masih segar dan abu-abu ketika fillet ikan tuna sudah tidak lagi segar. Nilai mean green sensor kesegaran edible meningkat seiring dengan penurunan tingkat kesegaran fillet ikan tuna.
Hubungan Kebersihan Rongga Mulut dan Status Gingiva dengan Usia Kehamilan pada Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sumbersari Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Pujiati Nadiah , Kiswaluyo Kiswaluyo , Novita Masriani
Published: January 2021

Pregnancy causes the hormonal change which will improve the oral health of pregnant women. The hormonal change causes the gingiva to become more sensitive to toxins or irritants which causes inflammation of the gingiva. The Increasing gestational age gives the risk of pregnancy for periodontal tissue damage. This study aims to find out the correlation of oral hygiene and gingival status with gestational age in 97pregnant women in the working area of ​​Sumbersari Health Center Jember Regency. The study was observational analytic using cross sectional study. The oral hygiene status of pregnant women was measured using the Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHI-S) and the gingival status measurement using the Gingival Index (GI). The results showed that 73,2% oral hygiene status of pregnant women is moderate. All of the pregnant women in this study had gingivitis and most were moderate gingivitis. There was no correlation between oral hygiene with gestational age, but there was a correlation between gingival status and gestational age in pregnant women. The periodontal care should be obtained to prevent the gingival disease during pregnancy.
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound in the Diagnosis and Evaluation of the Efficiency of Chemotherapy in Patients with Colorectal Liver Metastases
Authors: Kovaleva E. V. , Sinyukova G. T. , Danzanova T. Yu. , Lepedatu P. I. , Gudilina E. A. , Allakhverdieva G. F.
Published: January 2021

Objective: to determine the possibilities of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in identifying and evaluating the efficiency of chemotherapy in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CLM).

Material and methods. The investigation enrolled 28 patients with CLM. The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 – 15 pretreatment patients; Group 2 – 13 posttreatment patients with process stabilization. All the patients underwent standard B-mode ultrasound of the liver and that using the contrast agent SonoVue ® (Bracco, Italy), by recording and estimating the parameters of the intensity-time curve (CIV). Liver CEUS assesses the nature of contrasting metastases in three phases (arterial, venous, and delay ones).

Results. The investigators identified three types of contrast agent accumulation in CLM in the arterial phase: along the periphery of the lesions (in 60% of the patients of Group 1, in 76.9% in Group 2), homogeneously over the entire volume (in 26.7% in Group 1 and in 0.08% in Group 2), in parallel with intact liver parenchyma (13.3% in Group 1 and 23.02% in Group 2). In the delay phase, more metastases were detected in 4 cases (14.3%). Estimation of CIV parameters showed a difference at the beginning of contrast enhancement stages between the patients in both groups. Group 1 exhibited the early contrasting of liver metastases (19.3 sec); Group 2 displayed the late washout of a contrast agent (65.9 sec).

Conclusion. CEUS versus B-mode ultrasound improves the imaging of liver metastases. The change in the vascular architectonics and hemodynamics in CLM after chemotherapy is reflected in the alteration of the rate of contrast accumulation and washout from the metastases, which allows CEUS to be used in the evaluation of the efficiency of this treatment.
Multiparametric Monitoring of Hypnosis and Nociception-Antinociception Balance During General Anesthesia - A New Era in Patient Safety Standards and Healthcare Management
Authors: Rogobete Alexandru Florin , Bedreag Ovidiu Horea , Papurica Marius , Popovici Sonia Elena , Bratu Lavinia Melania , Rata Andreea , Barsac Claudiu Rafael , Maghiar Andra , Garofil Dragos Nicolae , Negrea Mihai , Petcu Laura Bostangiu , Toma Daiana , Dumbuleu Corina Maria , Rimawi Samir , Sandesc Dorel
Published: January 2021

With the development of general anesthesia techniques and anesthetic substances, brought new horizons for the expansion and improvement of surgical techniques. Nevertheless, more complex surgical procedures brought a higher complexity and longer duration for general anesthesia that led to a series of adverse events such as hemodynamic instability, under- or overdosage of anesthetic drugs, as well as an increased number of post-anesthetic events. In order to adapt the anesthesia according to the particularities of each patient, the multimodal monitoring of these patients is highly recommended. Classically, general anesthesia monitoring consists of the analysis of vital functions and gas exchange. Multimodal monitoring refers to the concomitant monitoring of the degree of hypnosis and the nociceptive-antinociceptive balance. By titrating anesthetic drugs according to these parameters, clinical benefits can be obtained, such as hemodynamic stabilization, reduction of awakening times, and the reduction of post-operative complications. Another important aspect is the impact on the status of inflammation and the redox balance. By minimizing inflammatory and oxidative impact one can achieve a faster recovery that will lead to both increased patient satisfaction and an increase in patient safety. The purpose of this literature review is to present the most modern multimodal monitoring techniques, respectively to discuss the particularities of each technique.
Metamaterials Demonstrating Negative Thermal Capacity
Authors: Bormashenko Edward , Shulzinger Evgeny
Published: January 2021

One-dimensional chain of core-shell pairs connected by ideal springs enables design of the metamaterial demonstrating the negative effective density and negative specific thermal capacity. We assume that the molar thermal capacity of the reported metamaterial is governed by the Dulong-Petit law in its high temperature limit. The specific thermal capacity depends of the density of the metamaterial; thus, it is expected to be negative, when the effective density of the chain is negative. The range of the frequencies enabling the effect of the negative thermal capacity is established. Dependence of the effective thermal capacity on the exciting frequency for various core/shell mass ratios is elucidated. The effective thermal capacity becomes negative in the vicinity of the local resonance frequency ω0 in the situation when the frequency ω approaches ω0 from above. The effect of the negative effective thermal capacity is expected in metals in the vicinity of the plasma frequency.
From Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) – New Terminology in Pediatric Patients as a Step in Good Scientific Direction?
Authors: Flisiak-Jackiewicz Marta , Bobrus-Chociej Anna , Wasilewska Natalia , Lebensztejn Dariusz
Published: January 2021

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the world, which predispose to more serious hepatic conditions. It ranges from simple liver steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which may progress to cirrhosis and even end-stage liver disease. Since obesity became one of the most important health concerns wordwide, a considerable increase in the prevalance of NAFLD and other metabolic implications has been observed, both in adults, and children. Due to the coexistence of visceral obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, NAFLD is considered to be the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome (MetS). These relationship between NAFLD and MetS led to set up in adults new term combining both of these conditions, called metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Based of these findings, we propose set of criteria, which may be useful to diagnose MAFLD in children and adolescents.
A Gene Knock-Down Approach in Tribolium castaneum to Study Survival and Priming Towards Bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionis
Authors: Lindeza Ana Sofia , Barth Kathrin , Kurtz Joachim , Zanchi Caroline
Published: January 2021

Insects possess an array of defense molecules allowing them to fight infections. They can also show a form of immune memory, named priming. However, the involvement of insect immune defense mechanisms in priming is unclear, since invertebrates lack the molecular machinery present in vertebrates to build an immune memory. In the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum, larvae can be primed via the oral route with Bacillus thurigiensis var. tenebrionids (Btt). This results in changes in the expression of a large number of genes, among which some belong to families of ancient defense genes. In the present work, we tested whether three chosen candidate genes (a Thaumatin, a C-type Lectin and an Osiris-like gene) could be involved in the survival to a Btt exposure, as well as in the priming phenotype. We assessed changes in their expression over time and according to the priming treatment, knocked them down individually by RNA interference (RNAi), and observed how it affected survival upon challenge. The quantification of gene expression patterns in our larvae with RT-qPCR showed that up- and/or down-regulation of the genes, after the priming treatment, was quite volatile and time dependent. Upon knock-down, we did not observe the expected decrease in survival to Btt or the abolishment of the priming phenotype. We conclude that knocking down genes individually is probably insufficient to affect survival and priming in our system. This gives us insight into the complexity of the molecular processes underpinning priming.
Preventing Evaporation Products for High-quality Metal Film in Directed Energy Deposition: A Review
Authors: Kim Kang-Hyung , Jung Chan-Hyun , Jeong Dae-Yong , Hyun Soong-Keun
Published: January 2021

Directed Energy Deposition (DED) is a process that enables high-speed deposition with a sub-millimeter thickness using laser technology. Thus far, defect studies on additive manufacturing, including DED, have focused mostly on preventing pores and crack defects that reduce fatigue strength. On the other hand, evaporation products, fumes and spatters, generated by the high energy have often been neglected despite being some of the main causes of porosity and defects. In high-quality metal deposition, the problems caused by evaporation products are difficult to solve, but they have not yet caught the attention of metallurgists and physicists. This review examines the effect of the laser, material, and process parameters on the evaporation products to help obtain a high-quality metal film layer in thin-DED.