bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary hydatid cyst in the adductor magnus muscle
Authors: Özdemir Meltem , Kavak Rasime Pelin , Kavak Nezih , Akdur Noyan Can
Published: March 2020

Human hydatid cyst is a zoonotic disease caused by the larvae of the Echinococcus species, most commonly the Echinococcus granulosus. Although hydatid cyst can cause disease almost anywhere in the human body, it most commonly affects the liver and lungs. Primary musculoskeletal hydatid involvement is a very rare occurrence even in endemic regions. Musculoskeletal hydatid disease shows no pathognomonic clinical signs and symptoms. And the contribution of serology to the diagnosis is negligible due to the high rate of false-negative results. Therefore, radiological imaging studies have a critical role in the diagnosis of the disease. To the best of our knowledge, there are only a few case reports of primary hydatid involvement of the adductor magnus muscle in the current literature. Here we present a 55-year-old female patient with primary hydatid cyst in the adductor magnus muscle and discuss the case in terms of imaging.
Consumer behavior
Authors: Naumov Vladimir
Published: March 2020

The book describes the basic issues concerning consumer behavior on the basis of the simulation of the decision-making process on buying behavior of customers in the sales area of the store and shopping Internet sites.
The classification of models of consumer behavior, based on research in the area of economic, social and psychological theories and empirical evidence regarding decision-making by consumers when purchasing the goods, including online stores. Methods of qualitative and quantitative research of consumer behavior, fundamentals of statistical processing of empirical data.
Attention is paid to the processes of consumers ' perception of brands (brands) and advertising messages, the basic rules for the display of goods (merchandising) and its impact on consumer decision, recommendations on the use of psychology of consumer behavior in personal sales.
Presents an integrated model of consumer behavior in the Internet environment, the process of perception of the visitor of the company, the factors influencing consumer choice of goods online.
Is intended for preparation of bachelors in directions of preparation 38.03.02 "Management", 38.03.06 "trading business" and can be used for training of bachelors in direction of training 43.03.01 "Service", and will also be useful for professionals working in the field of marketing, distribution and sales.
Del higienismo a la acupuntura urbana. Metáforas médicas y urbanismo excluyente en Bogotá
Authors: Galvis Villamizar Juan Pablo
Published: March 2020

Gran parte de la literatura sobre las políticas urbanas en la Bogotá del cambio de siglo —tanto crítica como celebratoria— se concentra en caracterizar los cambios en la forma de pensar la ciudad que se dieron en esa época. Este artículo busca, en cambio, subrayar las continuidades en la forma de planear la ciudad que han reproducido un urbanismo excluyente. El artículo se centra en las metáforas médicas para entender la intervención urbana. Mostrando las continuidades del urbanismo excluyente en el urbanismo higienista de comienzos del siglo xx, el modernismo de mediados del siglo y la revitalización urbana contemporánea, el artículo muestra cómo la exclusión reciente en procesos de revitalización urbana, de poblaciones consideradas como fuentes de degradación o enfermedad, tienen antecedentes claros en intervenciones urbanísticas del pasado. Dichas intervenciones también usaron metáforas médicas para justificar urbanismos excluyentes. El artículo sugiere que, a pesar de los repetidos fallos para producir la ciudad plani­ficada, los diferentes paradigmas urbanísticos han logrado perpetuar un discurso que aísla áreas y poblaciones específicas como focos infecciosos y justifica su exclusión activa en el nombre de proteger la salud y bienestar común de las áreas y poblaciones “sanas”.
Persuasion Through Selective Disclosure: Implications for Marketing, Campaigning, and Privacy Regulation
Authors: Hoffmann Florian , Inderst Roman , Ottaviani Marco
Published: March 2020

This paper models how firms or political campaigners (senders) persuade consumers and voters (receivers) by selectively disclosing information about their offering depending on individual receivers' preferences and orientations. We derive positive and normative implications depending on the extent of competition among senders, whether receivers are wary of senders collecting personalized data, and whether firms are able to personalize prices. We show how both senders and receivers can benefit from selective disclosure. Privacy laws requiring senders to obtain consent to acquire personal information that enables such selective disclosure increases receiver welfare if and only if there is little or asymmetric competition among senders, if receivers are unwary, and if firms can price discriminate.

This paper has been accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.
Organizing Knowledge Production Teams Within Firms for Innovation
Authors: Aggarwal Vikas A. , Hsu David H. , Wu Andy
Published: March 2020

How should firms organize their pool of inventive human capital for firm-level innovation? Although access to diverse knowledge may aid knowledge recombination, which can facilitate innovation, prior literature has focused primarily on one way of achieving that: diversity of inventor-held knowledge within a given knowledge production team (within-team knowledge diversity). We introduce the concept of across-team knowledge diversity, which captures the distribution of inventor knowledge diversity across production teams, an overlooked dimension of a firm’s internal organization design. We study two contrasting forms of organizing the firm-level knowledge diversity environment in which a firm’s inventors are situated: diffuse (high within-team diversity and low across-team diversity) versus concentrated (low within-team diversity and high across-team diversity). Using panel data on new biotechnology ventures founded over a 21-year period and followed annually from inception, we find that concentrated structures are associated with higher firm-level innovation quality, and with more equal contributions from their teams (and the opposite for diffuse structures). Our empirical tests of the operative mechanisms point to the importance of within-team coordination costs in diffuse structures and across-team knowledge flows in concentrated knowledge structures. We end with a discussion of implications for future research on organizing for innovation.
Del reconocimiento a la comunicación científica. La presencia de la mujer en los Premios Nacionales de Investigación (1982–2019).
Authors: Segarra Saavedra Jesús , Hidalgo Marí Tatiana , Tur Viñes Victoria
Published: March 2020

Objective. This study analyses the history of the "Premios Nacionales de Investigación", a suite of awards for scientific research organised by the Spanish government, from the creation of the first awards in 1982 to 2019 and from the perspective of gender, in order to identify differences and similarities between the awards given to men and to women.

Methodology. The study describes and compares the awards using the five indicators award name, area of research, recipient, recipient gender and award money. To determine the scope, visibility and impact of the awards, the study also examines the award winners' presence in Google Scholar using the four indicators presence, citations, h-index and i10-index.

Results. The overall results reveal a persistent and pronounced gender gap. Of the 113 awards granted in the period under study, 102 (92.3%) went to men, and of the 1,340,649 citations counted in Google Scholar, only 4.7% were of women authors. The study concludes that women are clearly under-represented in Spain's national awards for scientific research, although when the data are related to visibility in Google Scholar, the results regarding the dissemination of research by women is more promising.
Gaussian mixture model-hidden Markov model based nonlinear equalizer for optical fiber transmission
Authors: Tian Fukui , Zhou Qingyi , Yang Chuanchuan
Published: March 2020

The demand for high speed data transmission has increased rapidly over the past few years, leading to the development of the data center concept. As is known, nonlinear effects in optical fiber transmission systems are becoming significant with the development of transmission speed. Since it is difficult for conventional DSP algorithms to accurately capture these nonlinear distortions, many machine learning-based equalizers have been proposed. However, previous corresponding experiments mainly focused on achieving low BER while the computational complexity is much greater. In this paper, we propose a Gaussian mixture model (GMM)-hidden Markov model (HMM) based nonlinear equalizer, which utilizes the received signals’ statistical characteristics as the priori information to reduce the computational complexity. The BER performance of the GMM-HMM based equalizer has been evaluated in a PAM-4 modulated VCSEL-MMF optical interconnect link, which shows an excellent capability of mitigating nonlinear distortions. In addition, the computational complexity of GMM-HMM based equalizer is about 73% lower than that of recurrent neural networks (RNN) based methods with similar BER performance.
Multimode single-pass spatio-temporal squeezing
Authors: La Volpe Luca , De Syamsundar , Kouadou Tiphaine , Horoshko Dmitri , Kolobov Mikhail I. , Fabre Claude , Parigi Valentina , Treps Nicolas
Published: March 2020

We present a single-pass source of broadband multimode squeezed light with potential application in quantum information and quantum metrology. The source is based on a type I parametric down-conversion (PDC) process inside a bulk nonlinear crystal in a non-collinear configuration. The generated squeezed light exhibits a spatio-temporal multimode behavior that is probed using a homodyne measurement with a local oscillator shaped both spatially and temporally. Finally we follow a covariance matrix based approach to reveal the distribution of the squeezing among several independent temporal and spatial modes. This unambiguously validates the multimode feature of our source.
Deep neural network based OSNR and availability predictions for multicast light-trees in optical WDM networks
Authors: Li Xin , Zhang Lu , Wei Jianghua , Huang Shanguo
Published: March 2020

The quality of transmission (QoT) of a light-tree is influenced by a variety of physical impairments including attenuation, dispersion, amplified spontaneous emission (ASE), nonlinear effect, light-splitting, etc. Moreover, a light-tree has multiple destinations that have different distances away from the source node so that the QoT of the received optical signal at each destination is different from each other. Since the optical network is a living network, the real-time network state is difficult to obtain. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately and rapidly determine the QoT or availability of a light-tree. However, the QoT or availability of a light-tree obtained in advance not only guarantees the quality of service (QoS) but also helps to network optimization design. This paper studies the problems of the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) and availability predictions for multicast light-trees while leveraging deep neural network (DNN) in optical WDM networks. The DNN based OSNR and availability prediction methods are developed and implemented. Numerical results show that the DNN based OSNR prediction method reaches an accuracy of about 95%. And the DNN based availability prediction method reaches a high accuracy greater than 98%. These two methods provide a fast decision approach for light-tree construction.
Optical radiation manipulation of Si-Ge2Sb2Te5 hybrid metasurfaces
Authors: Zhou Chaobiao , Li Shiyu , Fan Menghui , Wang Xinfeng , Xu Yanli , Xu Weiwei , Xiao Shuyuan , Hu Mingzhe , Liu Jiangtao
Published: March 2020

Active optical metadevices have attracted growing interest for the use in nanophotonics owing to their flexible control of optics. In this work, by introducing the phase-changing material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST), which exhibits remarkably different optical properties in different crystalline states, we investigate the active optical radiation manipulation of a resonant silicon metasurface. A designed double-nanodisk array supports a strong toroidal dipole excitation and an obvious electric dipole response. When GST is added, the toroidal response is suppressed, and the toroidal and electric dipoles exhibit pronounced destructive interference owing to the similarity of their far-field radiation patterns. When the crystallization ratio of GST is varied, the optical radiation strength and spectral position of the scattering minimum can be dynamically controlled. Our work provides a route to flexible optical radiation modulation using metasurfaces.
Remote Human-to-Machine Distance Emulation through AI-Enhanced Servers for Tactile Internet Applications
Authors: Mondal Sourav , Ruan Lihua , Wong Elaine
Published: March 2020

We alleviate the master-slave distance limitation of human-to-machine applications by forecasting and pre-empting haptic feedback transmission. Results show 99% accuracy in detecting touch events and 96% accuracy in forecasting feedback from different slave materials.
Demonstration of Geo-Distributed Data Processing and Aggregation in MEC-empowered Metro Optical Networks
Authors: Zhang Jiawei , Cui Lu , Liu Zhen , Ji Yuefeng
Published: March 2020

We experimentally demonstrate a geo-distributed data processing and aggregation (GDPA) scheme in the MEC-empowered metro optical networks. The demonstration results show that the proposed scheme can improve resource utilization and reduce average job completion time.
Machine Learning in Multi-Layer Optical Networks:
Authors: Morais Rui Manuel
Published: March 2020

Abstract and bio
Exploiting Multi-Task Learning to Achieve Effective Transfer Deep Reinforcement Learning in Elastic Optical Networks
Authors: Chen Xiaoliang , Proietti Roberto , Liu Che-Yu , Zhu Zuqing , Ben Yoo S. J.
Published: March 2020

We propose a multi-task-learning-aided knowledge transferring approach for effective and scalable deep reinforcement learning in EONs. Case studies with RMSA show that this approach can achieve ∼ 4× learning time reduction and ∼17.7% lower blocking probability.
Phase-shifted Bragg grating-based Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Sensor using an Intensity Interrogation Scheme
Authors: Luan Enxiao , Yun Han , Lin Stephen H. , Cheung Karen C. , Chrostowski Lukas , Jaeger Nicolas A. F.
Published: March 2020

We experimentally demonstrated the suitability of the phase-shifted Mach-Zehnder interferometric device to support real-time sensing monitoring using an intensity interrogation scheme. The proposed sensor presents a sensitivity of ∼810 dB/RIU with a broadband light source.
A Novel Frequency-Modulation (FM) Demodulator for Microwave Photonic Links based on Polarization-Maintaining Fiber Bragg Grating
Authors: Barot Dipen , Duan Lingze
Published: March 2020

A novel scheme for demodulating frequency-modulated optical signals is proposed. It uses polarization-maintaining fiber Bragg grating (PM-FBG) as a frequency discriminator. The basic principle and preliminary results of linearity and demodulation are presented.
128 Gbps NRZ and 224 Gbps PAM-4 Signals Reception in Graphene Plasmonic PDM Receiver
Authors: Wang Yilun , Zhang Yong , Jiang Zhibin , Deng Wentao , Huang Xinyu , Yan Qizhi , Chen Liao , Li Xiang , Ye Lei , Zhang Xinliang
Published: March 2020

We report high-data rate reception of polarization division multiplexing signals using graphene-on-plasmonic slot waveguide photodetectors with bandwidth exceeding 70 GHz. 128 Gbps NRZ and 224 Gbps PAM-4 signals reception are experimentally demonstrated at 1550 nm with high quality.
High-Speed Plasmonic Modulator for Simultaneous C- and O-Band Modulation with Simplified Fabrication
Authors: Messner Andreas , Jud Pascal A. , Winiger Joel , Heni Wofgang , Baeuerle Benedikt , Eppenberger Marco , Koch Ueli , Haffner Christian , Xu Huajun , Elder Delwin L. , Dalton Larry R. , Ma Ping , Leuthold Juerg
Published: March 2020

A plasmonic modulator spanning both C- and O-band for dual-band data modulation up to 100 Gbit/s in one single device is presented. Fiber-to-fiber insertion loss can be as low as 11 dB.
Gain Ripple and Passband Narrowing due to Residual Chromatic Dispersion in Non-Degenerate Phase-Sensitive Amplifiers
Authors: Shimizu Shimpei , Kazama Takushi , Kobayashi Takayuki , Umeki Takeshi , Enbutsu Koji , Kasahara Ryoichi , Miyamoto Yutaka
Published: March 2020

We theoretically show dispersion dependence of gain spectrum in non-degenerate PSA under phase locking, and experimentally demonstrate WDM amplification of PS-64QAM signal using PPLN-based PSA with gain-flattened spectrum by estimation and compensation of chromatic dispersion.
Ultrahigh-Capacity Optical-Wireless Communication Using 2D Gratings for Steering and Decoding of DPSK Signals
Authors: Mekonnen Ketemaw , Tangdiongga Eduward , Koonen Ton
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate the use of a 2D-gratings beam-steering device also as a demodulator for multiple differentially-encoded optical-wireless signals. Using this novel concept, ~2bits/sec/Hz spectral-efficiency was achieved without any change in the system compared to on-off-keying.
Two-stage Abstraction for Disaggregated Modular OLT Architecture Supporting OpenFlow Control
Authors: Nishimoto Keita , Asaka Kota , Kani Jun-ichi , Terada Jun
Published: March 2020

We implement our abstraction method for provisioning and controlling, via OpenFlow, the disaggregated PON-OLT that features separation of hardware module and softwarized OLT functions, and demonstrate its operation by utilizing open source controllers ONOS / VOLTHA.
Softwarized and Open OLT Architecture for Flexible Optical Access Network
Authors: Nishimoto Keita , Suzuki Takahiro , Asaka Kota , Kani Jun-ichi , Terada Jun
Published: March 2020

Recently, many telecom carriers are promoting the re-architecture of access networks and COs by utilizing SDN/NFV and OSS. We present our research relevant to the software PON-OLT architecture that we proposed for further flexibility.
Development of VCSELs and VCSEL-based Links for Data Communication beyond 50Gb/s
Authors: Ledentsov N. , Chorchos Ł. , Shchukin V.A. , Kalosha V.P. , Turkiewicz J. P. , Ledentsov N. N.
Published: March 2020

Recent advances in VCSELs and VCSEL-based links are reviewed. The impact of the VCSEL bandwidth extension from 22 GHz to 28 GHz on the performance of energy-efficient link capable of operating above 71 Gbit/s in NRZ modulation is studied.
Electrical and Optical Reliability Analysis of GeSi Electro-Absorption Modulators
Authors: Tsiara A. , Srinivasan S. A. , Balakrishnan S. , Pantouvaki M. , Absil Ph. , Van Campenhout J. , Croes K.
Published: March 2020

Reliability analysis on Electro-Absorption Modulators reveals two degradation parts, trap generation and filling of pre-existing defects on Ge/Si and Ge/Ox interface. After stress, electro-optical extracted parameters indicate no impact of temperature, bias or stress time.
Low Power All-Digital Radio-over-Fiber Transmission for 28-GHz Band using Parallel Electro-Absorption Modulators
Authors: Li H. , Van Kerrebrouck J. , Ramon H. , Bogaert L. , Lambrecht J. , Wu C.-Y. , Breyne L. , Declercq J. , Bauwelinck J. , Yin X. , Ossieur P. , Demeester P. , Torfs G.
Published: March 2020

We present a low-power all-digital radio-over-fiber transmitter for beyond 28-GHz using sigma-delta modulation, a 140mW NRZ driver and parallel electro-absorption modulators. 5.25Gb/s (2.625Gb/s) 64-QAM is transported over 10-km SSMF at 1560nm with 7.6% (5.2%) EVM.
Flexible Entanglement Distribution Overlay for Cloud/Edge DC Interconnect as Seed for IT-Secure Primitives
Authors: Laudenbach Fabian , Schrenk Bernhard , Achleitner Martin , Vokić Nemanja , Milovančev Dinka , Hübel Hannes
Published: March 2020

We leverage spectral assets of entanglement and spatial switching to realize a flexible distribution map for cloud-to-edge and edge-to-edge quantum pipes that seed IT-secure primitives. Dynamic bandwidth allocation and co-existence with classical control are demonstrated.
On-Chip Mode-division Multiplexing with Modal Crosstalk Mitigation
Authors: Huang Yetian , Zhang Ruihuan , Chen Haoshuo , Huang Hanzi , Zhu Qingming , He Yu , Yuan Yuan , Song Yingxiong , Fontaine Nicolas K. , Ryf Roland , Zhang Yong , Su Yikai , Wang Min
Published: March 2020

We experimentally demonstrate modal crosstalk mitigation over an on-chip mode-division multiplexing link employing low-coherence matched detection. 20-Gbaud QPSK and 8-PSK mode-multiplexed signals are successfully transmitted with a maximum modal crosstalk of −6.5 dB.
Ultra-Thin III-V Photodetectors Epitaxially Integrated on Si with Bandwidth Exceeding 25 GHz
Authors: Mauthe Svenja , Baumgartner Yannick , Sant Saurabh , Ding Qian , Sousa Marilyne , Czornomaz Lukas , Schenk Andreas , Moselund Kirsten E.
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate the first local monolithic integration of high-speed III-V p-i-n photodetectors on Si by in-plane epitaxy. Ultra-low capacitance permits data reception at 32Gbps. The approach allows close integration to electronics enabling future receiverless communication.
24 1×12 Wavelength-Selective Switches Using a 312-port 3D Waveguide and a Single 4k LCoS
Authors: Wilkinson Peter , Robertson Brian , Giltrap Sam , Snowdon Oliver , Prudden Harry , Yang Haining , Chu Daping
Published: March 2020

A switch module with a 4k LCoS is enabled by a 312-port waveguide array to produce 24 independent 1×12 WSSs. The average/best insertion losses were 8.4/7.2 dB, with crosstalk suppression of 26.9/40.5 dB.
System Performance and Pre-emphasis Strategies for Submarine Links with Imperfect Gain Equalization
Authors: Hu Yue , Davidson Carl R. , Richardson Lee J. , Bolshtyansky Maxim A. , Foursa Dmitri G. , Kovsh Dmitriy , Pilipetskii Alexei N.
Published: March 2020

We studied C-band system performance penalties due to gain tilt. Several transmission pre-emphasis strategies for penalty compensation were considered. The overall penalties were small and minor differences between strategies were observed for investigated tilt range.
Miniature R/G/V-LDs+Y-LED Mixed White-Lighting Module with High-Lux and High-CRI for 20-Gbps Li-Fi
Authors: Wu Yi-Chien , Su Chia-Yu , Wang Huai-Yung , Cheng Chih-Hsien , Lin Gong-Ru
Published: March 2020

Miniature white-lighting beam mixed by R/G/V-LDs+Y-LED module with high illuminance of 12800 lux, high color-rendering-index of >60 is demonstrated for vehicle light fidelity or distant optical wireless lighting transmission at data rate beyond 20 Gbps.
2.4-Gbps Ultraviolet-C Solar-Blind Communication Based on Probabilistically Shaped DMT Modulation
Authors: Alkhazragi Omar , Hu Fangchen , Zou Peng , Ha Yinaer , Mao Yuan , Ng Tien Khee , Chi Nan , Ooi Boon S.
Published: March 2020

We present a record-breaking 2.4-Gbps/1-m ultraviolet-C (UVC) line-of-sight (LOS) optical wireless communication link with 2.0 Gbps data rate maintained over 5 m. We also demonstrate a UVC diffuse-LOS link maintained over ± 5.5-degree angle changes.
Demonstration of Alarm Knowledge Graph Construction for Fault Localization on ONOS-based SDON Platform
Authors: Li Zhuotong , Zhao Yongli , Li Yajie , Rahman Sabidur , Wang Ying , Yu Xiaosong , Zhang Lizhong , Feng Guoli , Zhang Jie
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate construction of alarm knowledge graphs, which is helpful for fault localization in software defined optical networks (SDON). The demonstration shows the method of constructing alarm knowledge graphs on ONOS-based platform using knowledge extraction.
All-optical cross-connect switch for Data Center Network application
Authors: Prifti Kristif , Santos Rui , Shin Janguk , Kim Hongju , Tessema Netsanet , Stabile Patty , Kleijn Steven , Augustin Luc , Jung HyunDo , Park Sangho , Baek Yongsoon , Hyun Sungkyu , Calabretta Nicola
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate a C-band optical cross-connect switch based on InP integrated photonics, butt-coupled to a silica PLC for facile optical alignment. The switch allows the development of low power, low latency and low-cost WDM-switches.
Demonstration of Extensible Threshold-Based Streaming Telemetry for Open DWDM Analytics and Verification
Authors: Sadasivarao Abhinava , Syed Sharfuddin , Panda Deepak , Gomes Paulo , Rao Rajan , Buset Jonathan , Paraschis Loukas , Brar Jag , Raj Kannan
Published: March 2020

A novel and practical threshold-based extension of streaming telemetry that advances open WDM analytics and introduces network verification, is demonstrated employing an extensible NOS application agent combined with standard NETCONF/YANG and open-source software technologies.
Two-Level Optical Encryption for Secure Optical Communication
Authors: Huang Yetian , Chen Haoshuo , Huang Hanzi , Zhang Qianwu , Li Zhengxuan , Fontaine Nicolas K. , Ryf Roland , Wang Min
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate 60 Gbit/s transmission over 43-km SMF using low-coherence matched detection combined with spectral phase coding as two-layer optical encryption. Encrypted signal and carrier are multiplexed through polarization diversity and demulti-plexed using polarization tracking.
Design and Operation Strategies for Optical Transport Networks with Reduced Margins Service-Provisioning
Authors: Moniz Daniela , Pedro João , Pires João
Published: March 2020

This paper overviews the key architectures and network design and operation solutions to efficiently exploit low margin provisioning in optical transport networks.
Experimental Assessment of a Programmable VCSEL-based Photonic System Architecture over a Multi-hop Path with 19-Core MCF for Future Agile Tb/s Metro Networks
Authors: Moreolo M. Svaluto , Fabrega J. M. , Nadal L. , Martínez R. , Casellas R. , Vílchez J. , Muñoz R. , Vilalta R. , Gatto A. , Parolari P. , Boffi P. , Neumeyr C. , Larrabeiti D. , Otero G. , Fernández-Palacios J. P.
Published: March 2020

An SDN-enabled photonic system adopting VCSEL technology is experimentally analyzed targeting dynamic 5G-supportive MAN. Direct and coherent detection modules are compared and programmability assessed over up to 6-hop 160km HL4-HL2/1 connection including 25km 19-core MCF.
Active vs Transfer Learning Approaches for QoT Estimation with Small Training Datasets
Authors: Azzimonti Dario , Rottondi Cristina , Giusti Alessandro , Tornatore Massimo , Bianco Andrea
Published: March 2020

We compare the level of accuracy achieved by active learning and domain adaptation approaches for quality of transmission estimation of an unestablished lightpath, in presence of small-sized training datasets.
280 Gb/s IM/DD PS-PAM-8 Transmission Over 10 km SSMF at O-band For Optical Interconnects
Authors: Zhang Jiao , Wang Kaihui , Wei Yiran , Zhao Li , Zhou Wen , Xiao Jiangnan , Liu Bo , Xin Xiangjun , Zhao Feng , Dong Ze , Yu Jianjun
Published: March 2020

We experimentally demonstrated single-lane 200G+ IM/DD PAM-N system at O-band using SOA and probabilistic shaping (PS) for high-speed short reach optical interconnects. 280 Gb/s PS-PAM-8 signals can transmit over 10 km SSMF.
A 400 Gb/s O-band WDM (8×50 Gb/s) Silicon Photonic Ring Modulator-based Transceiver
Authors: Pitris Stelios , Moralis-Pegios Miltiadis , Alexoudi Theoni , Fotiadis Konstantinos , Ban Yoojin , De Heyn Peter , Van Campenhout Joris , Pleros Nikos
Published: March 2020

We present a 400 (8×50) Gb/s-capable RM-based Si-photonic WDM O-band TxRx with 1.17nm channel spacing for high-speed optical interconnects and demonstrate successful 50Gb/s-NRZ TxRx operation achieving a ~4.5dB Tx extinction ratio under 2.15Vpp drive.
Uncovering reflection insensitive semiconductor lasers for silicon photonic integration
Authors: Grillot Frédéric
Published: March 2020

We report on two recent high performance semiconductor lasers made with the silicon photonic platform. Both structures display a quasi complete reflection insensitivity, resulting in a key attribute for the development of isolator-free integrated technologies.
InP/Silicon Hybrid External-Cavity Lasers (ECL) Using Photonic Wirebonds as Coupling Elements
Authors: Xu Yilin , Maier Pascal , Blaicher Matthias , Dietrich Philipp-Immanuel , Marin-Palomo Pablo , Hartmann Wladislaw , Billah Muhammad Rodlin , Troppenz Ute , Möhrle Martin , Randel Sebastian , Freude Wolfgang , Koos Christian
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate an InP/Silicon integrated ECL using a photonic wirebond as intra-cavity coupling element. In our proof-of-concept experiments, we demonstrate 50 nm tuning range, SMSR above 40 dB, and linewidths of 750 kHz.
Cycle-Slip Rate Analysis of Blind Phase Search DSP Circuit Implementations
Authors: Börjeson Erik , Larsson-Edefors Per
Published: March 2020

Using FPGA-accelerated simulations, we study the cycle-slip rate of 16QAM blind phase search implementations. While block averaging suffers from degraded BER when compared to sliding-window averaging, it results in lower cycle-slip rates and power dissipation.
Long-haul WDM transmission with over-1-Tb/s channels using electrically synthesized high-symbol-rate signals
Authors: Kobayashi T. , Nakamura M. , Hamaoka F. , Nagatani M. , Yamazaki H. , Nosaka H. , Miyamoto Y.
Published: March 2020

Recent technical progress in 1-Tb/s/ λ-class transmission systems based on high-speed electronics are reviewed, and key technologies and issues for beyond-1-Tb/s/λ WDM transmission systems with an over-100-Gbaud symbol rate for achieving long-haul transport are discussed.
50-GHz Gain Switching and Period Doubling Using an Optical Injection Locked Cavity-enhanced DFB Laser
Authors: Liu Zhixin , Matsui Yasuhiro , Schatz Richard , Khan Ferdous , Kwakernaak Martin , Sudo Tsurugi
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate gain-switched pulse generation at a record-high repetition rate of 50GHz by injection locking a cavity-enhanced DFB laser. More than 50GHz carrier-photon resonance is achieved by using the detuned-loading and photon-photon resonance effects.
High performance BH InAs/InP QD and InGaAsP/InP QW mode-locked lasers as comb and pulse sources
Authors: Zander M. , Rehbein W. , Moehrle M. , Breuer S. , Franke D. , Schell M. , Kolpatzeck K. , Balzer J. C.
Published: March 2020

Coherent comb lasers may serve as a source for multiwavelength modulators in short reach transmission, or for phase controlled OFDM channels in long reach. We explore and compare quantum dot (QD) and quantum well (QW) lasers with more than 33 channels in the DWDM 50 GHz grid, thus enabling > 1 Tb/s optical transmission. In addition, the mode-locked devices can be applied as pulse sources with < 500 fs pulses by using a simple SMF. We build QD and QW buried heterostructure (BH) lasers from different epitaxial structures, but sharing an identical mask set.
Spectrally-Shaped Continuous-Variable QKD Operating at 500 MHz Over an Optical Pipe Lit by 11 DWDM Channels
Authors: Milovančev Dinka , Vokić Nemanja , Laudenbach Fabian , Pacher Christoph , Hübel Hannes , Schrenk Bernhard
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate high-rate CV-QKD supporting a secure-key rate of 22Mb/s through spectral tailoring and optimal use of quantum receiver bandwidth. Co-existence with 11 adjacent carrier-grade C-band channels spaced by only 20nm is accomplished at >10Mb/s.
1.6Tbps Silicon Photonics Integrated Circuit for Co-Packaged Optical-IO Switch Applications
Authors: Fathololoumi Saeed , Nguyen Kimchau , Mahalingam Hari , Sakib Meer , Li Zhi , Seibert Christopher , Montazeri Mohammad , Chen Jian , Doylend Jonathan K , Jayatilleka Hasitha , Jan Catherine , Heck John , Venables Ranju , Frish Harel , Defrees Reece A. , Appleton Randal S. , Hollingsworth Summer , McCargar Sean , Jones Richard , Zhu Daniel , Akulova Yuliya , Liao Ling
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate 1.6Tbps Silicon Photonic Integrated Circuit (SiPIC) meeting co-packaged optics requirements for network switch applications. The SiPIC has sixteen 106Gbps PAM4 optical channels, including lasers, modulators and V-grooves. Post-FEC error-free operation over temperature is demonstrated.
Single lane 176Gb/s Single Sideband PAM-4 Transmission over 400km with a Silicon Photonic Dual-drive Mach-Zehnder Modulator
Authors: Zhang Lei , Yang Fan , Ruan Xiaoke , Li Yanping , Zhang Fan
Published: March 2020

We experimentally demonstrate ultra-high speed metro-scale optical transmission of SSB PAM-4 signal with a record single lane bit rate of 176Gb/s over 400km SSMF based on conventional silicon photonic dual-drive modulator with Mach-Zehnder structure.
Blockchain-anchored Failure Responsibility Management in Disaggregated Optical Networks
Authors: Fichera S. , Sgambelluri A. , Giorgetti A. , Cugini F. , Paolucci F.
Published: March 2020

A novel framework based on blockchain is proposed to provide trusted SLA accounting. Extensions to SDN ONOS controller successfully assess controversial SLA degradations responsibilities upon failure events in a multi-vendor OpenROADM-based white box scenario.
Advanced Software Architectures and Technologies in High Performance Computing and Data Centers
Authors: Olmos J.J. Vegas , Liss Liran , Oved Tzahi , Binshtock Zachi , Goldenberg Dror
Published: March 2020

This paper reviews advanced software architectures and technologies that support in-networking computing and improve the overall performance of data centers and high-performance computing clusters; the ability to converge software and hardware allows for new solutions, such as artificial intelligence, to be deployed massively.
Experimental Demonstration of A-RoF SDN for Radio Access Sharing Applications
Authors: Neto L. Anet , Wang M. , Simon G. , Lehanneur F. , Ankouri A. El , Lopere G. , Chevalier D. , Chanclou P.
Published: March 2020

We experimentally assess a radio access A-RoF mobile interface with carrier-aggregated data-plane and intermediate frequency transposed Ethernet control-plane. We also demonstrate software-based management of two classes of services associated to different PHY layer parameters.
Experimental demonstration of arbitrary Raman gain–profile designs using machine learning
Authors: de Moura Uiara C. , Da Ros Francesco , Brusin A. Margareth Rosa , Carena Andrea , Zibar Darko
Published: March 2020

A machine learning framework for Raman amplifier design is experimentally tested. Performance in terms of maximum error over the gain profile is investigated for various fiber types and lengths, demonstrating highly–accurate designs.
Service-oriented DU-CU Placement Using Reinforcement Learning in 5G/B5G Converged Wireless-Optical Networks
Authors: Xiao Yuming , Zhang Jiawei , Gao Zhengguang , Ji Yuefeng
Published: March 2020

We propose a reinforcement learning based DU-CU placement scheme to accommodate diversified services in 5G/B5G networks. It outperforms ILP model and widely used heuristics in terms of the service-scale and resource-saving respectively.
Full-Duplex Coherent Optical System Enabled by Comb-Based Injection Locking Optical Process
Authors: Zhang Haipeng , Xu Mu , Zhang Junwen , Jia Zhensheng , Campos Luis Alberto
Published: March 2020

A full-duplex coherent optical link based on optical frequency comb and injection-locking optical process is demonstrated. Simultaneous bi-directional transmission of 32-GBd DP-16QAM signal over 80-km fiber is achieved with remote LO delivery.
Thermal Impedance and Gain Switching of 1550 nm Room Temperature Continuous-wave Electrically Pumped Laser Diode Monolithically Grown on Silicon
Authors: Shi Bei , Pinna Sergio , Song Bowen , Zhao Hongwei , Klamkin Jonathan
Published: March 2020

A room-temperature continuous-wave electrically pumped quantum well laser was realized on on-axis (001) silicon. Measurements demonstrated lasing up to 65°C, a thermal impedance of 8.1°C/W, and a narrow gain-switched optical pulse width of 1.5 ns.
High Performance 1.3 μm Aluminum-Free Quantum Dot Lasers Grown by MOCVD
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhao Hongwei , Shi Bei , Pinna Sergio , Brunelli Simone Suran , Sang Fengqiao , Song Bowen , Klamkin Jonathan
Published: March 2020

MOCVD grown aluminum-free quantum dot lasers have been demonstrated with a maximum wall-plug efficiency of 30%, a lowest threshold current of 8 mA, and a maximum single-facet output power of 200 mW.
Fast Adaptive Digital Back-Propagation Algorithm for Unrepeatered Optical Systems
Authors: Júnior José Hélio C. , Sutili Tiago , Rossi Sandro M. , Figueiredo Rafael C. , Mello Darli A. A.
Published: March 2020

We propose a gradient descent method with momentum for the estimation of γ in DBP for unrepeatered links. Fast convergence is achieved in the experimental transmission of 17×200-Gb/s DP-16QAM over a 350-km heterogeneous link.
Distributed Supermode Coupling Measurements in Multi-Core Optical Fibers
Authors: Veronese Riccardo , Zacarias Juan Carlos Alvarado , van der Heide Sjoerd , Amezcua-Correa Rodrigo , Chen Haoshuo , Ryf Roland , Fontaine Nicolas K. , Santagiustina Marco , Galtarossa Andrea , Palmieri Luca
Published: March 2020

Coupling of supermodes in multicore fibers is investigated exploiting an OFDR to measure each core when injecting light into another one. Distributed analysis of cross-core coupling is reported for the first time in multicore fibers.
Dual-Chirp Microwave Waveform Generation by a Dual-Beam Optically injected Semiconductor Laser
Authors: Zhou Pei , Chen Hao , Li Nianqiang , Zhang Renheng , Pan Shilong
Published: March 2020

We propose an approach to generating dual-chirp microwave waveforms based on a dual-beam optically injected semiconductor laser. Tunable dual-chirp microwave waveforms with a large time-bandwidth product are experimentally generated.
High spectral efficiency real-time 500-Gb/s/carrier transmission over field-installed G.654.E fiber link using forward and backward distributed Raman amplification
Authors: Saito Kohei , Sasai Takeo , Hamaoka Fukutaro , Kawahara Hiroki , Seki Takeshi , Maeda Hideki
Published: March 2020

Transmission distance of 1234.2 km with high spectral efficiency of 5.71 b/s/Hz over terrestrial G.654.E fiber links is achieved for 500-Gb/s/carrier signals using EDFAs with forward and backward DRAs compliant with laser power safety requirements.
Localization of Probabilistic Correlated Failures in Virtual Network Infrastructures using Bayesian Networks
Authors: Gour Riti , Ishigaki Genya , Kong Jian , Jue Jason P.
Published: March 2020

We propose an approach to localize probabilistic correlated failures in a multilayer network where service function graphs (SFGs) are deployed over a physical network infrastructure. The proposed method utilizes logical link monitoring and Bayesian networks.
Performance and Power of Soft-decision SDFEC for 100G -800G Applications
Authors: xiao Zhiyu , li Mo , Yu Fan
Published: March 2020

With the increase of traffic in coherent optical communication systems, the proportion of resources (chip area) required by FEC in DSP chips is higher and higher. At the same time, pre-FEC performance is an explicit indicator of commercial competition. It is gradually improved in the evolution of the system, and the Shannon limit is approached step by step. The balanced design of FEC performance, area, and power consumption becomes a key point of the DSP chip of coherent optical communication.
Hierarchical Distribution Matching: a Versatile Tool for Probabilistic Shaping
Authors: Civelli Stella , Secondini Marco
Published: March 2020

The hierarchical distribution matching (Hi-DM) approach for probabilistic shaping is described. The potential of Hi-DM in terms of trade-off between performance, complexity, and memory is illustrated through three case studies.
Multi-dimensional Distribution Matching for Probabilistically Shaped High Order Modulation Format
Authors: Fu Mengfan , Liu Qiaoya , Zeng Xiaobo , Wu Yiwen , Yi Lilin , Hu Weisheng , Zhuge Qunbi
Published: March 2020

We propose a multi-dimensional distribution matcher for probabilistically shaped high order modulation format. Compared to product distribution matching, 0.3 dB and 0.1 dB gains are obtained with the same complexity and 50% lower complexity, respectively.
Timing Jitter from Optical Phase Noise in Quantum Dot Coherent Comb Laser at C-Band
Authors: Mao Youxin , Lu Zhenguo , Liu Jiaren , Liu Guocheng , Song Chunying , Poole Philip J.
Published: March 2020

Timing jitter obtained from optical phase noise is investigated in InAs/InP quantum dot Fabry-Pérot coherent comb lasers with 11, 25, and 34.5 GHz pulse repetition rates. These lasers exhibit ultra-low timing jitter making them excellent sources for tens terabit optical networks.
10-nm-wide Tunable In-series Laser Array with High single-mode Stability
Authors: Sun Zhenxing , Xiao Rulei , Su Zhirui , lv Gen , Chen Zhao , Zheng Jilin , Zhang Yunshan , Lu Jun , Shi Yuechun , Chiu Yi-Jen , Chen Xiangfei
Published: March 2020

We report a 10-nm-wide tunable in-series DFB laser array with high wavelength-spacing uniformity and high single-mode stability, which is guaranteed by high-precision control of grating phase error through reconstruction-equivalent-chirp technique.
Refractive Index Grading Optimization for Rectangular Core Fiber
Authors: Rechtman Lior , Marom Dan M.
Published: March 2020

We optimize the refractive index grading for rectangular core fibers in support of mode division multiplexing. Designs maximizing the effective index separations for MIMO-less support and others minimizing the differential group delays are identified.
High power integrated laser for microwave photonics
Authors: Epping Jörn P. , Oldenbeuving Ruud M. , Geskus Dimitri , Visscher Ilka , Grootjans Robert , Roeloffzen Chris G.H. , Heideman René G.
Published: March 2020

We present a hybrid integrated laser with two gain sections coupled to one tunable cavity. The resulting laser has a record on-chip power of up to 20.7 dBm and an intrinsic linewidth of 320 Hz.
80-GHz Band Electro-Optic Modulator Using Antenna-Coupled Electrode and LiNbO3 Film Stacked on Low-k Substrate for Millimeter-Wave Radar System
Authors: Murata Hiroshi , Yokohashi Hiroto
Published: March 2020

Antenna-coupled-electrode LiNbO3 optical modulators have been designed, fabricated, and demonstrated experimentally for the calibrations of millimeter-wave radars and imagers. A over 50-dB signal-to-noise ratio of the re-converted signal was obtained in the 1-GHz IF band.
500-Gb/s PAM4 FSO-UWLT Integration Utilizing R/G/B Five-Wavelength Polarization-Multiplexing Scenario
Authors: Tu Shi-Cheng , Huang Yong-Cheng , Xie Jing-Yan , Huang Qi-Ping , Tsai Song-En , Tsai Wen-Shing , Lu Hai-Han
Published: March 2020

A 500-Gb/s PAM4 FSO-UWLT integration utilizing red/green/blue polarization-multiplexing scenario is constructed. With five-wavelength polarization-multiplexing scenario, the transmission rate is substantially multiplied. Such demonstrated PAM4 FSO-UWLT integration brings imperative enhancement featured by optical wireless communications.
Characterization of modal-chromatic dispersion compensation in 400GBASE-SR8 channels
Authors: Kose Bulent , Castro Jose , Pimpinella Rick , Huang Paul , Jia Fei , Lane Brett
Published: March 2020

We evaluate the impact of OM4 dispersion compensated fiber on 8x50Gbps transmission for reaches up to 550m. Bit error rates and eye diagrams before and after equalization are evaluated.
17 GBd Sub-Photon Level Heterodyne Detection for CV-QKD Enabled by Machine Learning
Authors: Rückmann Max , Kleis Sebastian , Schaeffer Christian G.
Published: March 2020

We experimentally demonstrate heterodyne detection at a SNR of less than −20 dB with machine learning based optimized carrier phase estimation. Successful 17 GBaud BPSK signal demodulation is achieved without the use of pilot signals.
CWDM Mux/Demux Passive Optical Interconnect
Authors: Childers Darrell , Schoellner Dirk , Hastings DJ , Wang Ke , Rosenberg Paul , Combs Gregg , Devenport Kent
Published: March 2020

A novel concept for integrating the mux/demux functionality of coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) into passive fiber optic connectors via expanded beam ferrules is presented, including optical modeling and preliminary empirical results.
Integrated SiPh Flex-LIONS Module for All-to-All Optical Interconnects with Bandwidth Steering
Authors: Xiao Xian , Proietti Roberto , Liu Gengchen , Lu Hongbo , Ling Yi-Chun , Zhang Yu , Yoo S. J. Ben
Published: March 2020

We experimentally demonstrate the first all-to-all optical interconnects with bandwidth steering using an integrated 8×8 SiPh Flex-LIONS module. Experimental results show a 5-dB worst-case crosstalk penalty and 25 Gb/s to 100 Gb/s bandwidth steering.
Fast Switching of 84 μs for Silica-based PLC Switch
Authors: Moriwaki Osamu , Suzuki Kenya
Published: March 2020

We have reduced the switching time of a silica-based thermo-optic switch to 84 μs by utilizing a thin cladding layer and a novel driving techniques. The resultant high-speed switch should be suitable for intra-datacenter networks.
Low Loss Optical Switch with Precisely Rotationally-aligned Multi-core fiber Array
Authors: Shimakawa Osamu , Kobayashi Ryoichi , Tazawa Hidehisa
Published: March 2020

We propose a 1×4 optical switch with coupled-core multi-core fiber (MCF) array. An image processing allows MCF to be precisely rotationally-aligned. It enables the IL less than 0.6 dB with the uniformity of 0.04 dB.
High Linearity and Uniform Characteristics of InP-based 8-CH Waveguide Avalanche Photodiode Array for 400 GbE
Authors: Okimoto Takuya , Ashizawa Ken , Ebihara Koji , Okamoto Satoru , Endo Takumi , Horino Kazuhiko , Takeuchi Tatsuya , Uchida Toru , Yagi Hideki , Yoneda Yoshihiro
Published: March 2020

InP-based 8-channel waveguide APD arrays were demonstrated towards 400 GbE for the first time. They exhibited maximum 3-dB bandwidth of 23 GHz under high-optical input of −10 dBm and uniformity of avalanche breakdown voltage less than 0.1 V between channels.
Evol-TL: Evolutionary Transfer Learning for QoT Estimation in Multi-Domain Networks
Authors: Liu Che-Yu , Chen Xiaoliang , Proietti Roberto , Yoo S. J. Ben
Published: March 2020

We propose an evolutionary transfer learning approach for QoT estimation in multi-domain optical networks. The results demonstrate that our approach can reduce the amounts of required training data by 10× while achieving accuracies of > 90%.
Assessment of Domain Adaptation Approaches for QoT Estimation in Optical Networks
Authors: Di Marino Riccardo , Rottondi Cristina , Giusti Alessandro , Bianco Andrea
Published: March 2020

We evaluate the performance of two domain adaptation approaches for machine learning assisted quality of transmission estimation of an optical lightpath, for a fixed/variable number of available training samples from the source/target domain.
Performance Orientated DSP design for Flexible Coherent Transmission
Authors: Fludger Chris
Published: March 2020

We review the impact of DSP in terms of performance and flexibility in the data network. DSP has addressed the optimization of capacity against reach and power. Future DSP targets costreductionthrough flexible point-to-multi-point architectures
Calibrated Fiber Grating Wavelength Combs Enable High Accuracy Biosensing
Authors: Albert Jacques
Published: March 2020

Simulation-based calibrations of measured spectra are used to find the exact optical properties of multi-resonant fiber gratings, resulting in elimination of cross-sensitivities, lower noise and orders of magnitude improvements in biochemical sensor limits of detection.
Sub-mK and nano-strain discrimination using frequency stabilized lasers and polarization maintaining π-shifted fibre Bragg gratings
Authors: Andreou S. , van der Zon L. R. , Williams K. A. , Bente E. A. J. M.
Published: March 2020

We report on a sensing system which discriminates strain and temperature with 5.5 nano-strain and 0.39 mK resolutions respectively. The system deploys frequency stabilized integrated InP-based lasers and a heterodyne-based read-out system.
Real-time strongly-coupled 4-core fiber transmission
Authors: Beppu S. , Igarashi K. , Mukai H. , Kikuta M. , Shigihara M. , Soma D. , Tsuritani T. , Morita I.
Published: March 2020

We show a real-time optical coherent MIMO receiver for 4-mode division multiplexed transmission. With the receiver, we demonstrate real-time strongly-coupled 4-core fiber transmission of WDM DP-QPSK signals over 60 km.