bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Transgressive Potential of the 2014 Cleveland/Akron Gay Games Legacies
Authors: Jarvis Nigel
Published: September 2018

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) sport events potentially represent a significant transgressive and alternative space in the world of sport. There has been a scarcity of research on the full range of legacies that these types of medium-sized events can have, as
previous studies focus on larger mega-sport events like the Olympics and/or economic and infrastructural aspects. This study evaluates the potential sociopolitical and sport legacies of the 2014 Gay Games held in Cleveland/Akron, based on interviews with 29 key stakeholders and complemented
with conversations with 46 local residents. It demonstrates a range of positive sociopolitical and sport legacies were cited, although awareness of possible negative legacies and barriers also emerged. The discussions, centered on legacies, show the Games have symbolic significance for both
the gay and wider community and accelerated the process of more accepting societal attitudes towards LGBTQ people. The conclusion discusses the somewhat qualified transgressive potential of the Games to challenge wider existing dominant heteronormative values in the local area.
Dark Events: Commemoration and Collective Memory in the Former Yugoslavia
Authors: Kennell James , Šuligoj Metod , Lesjak Miha
Published: September 2018

This article develops a new understanding of the relative darkness of commemorative events that are linked to tragedy and suffering, by using examples of the many such events that take place within the countries of the former state of Yugoslavia. In order to do this, the article draws from the field of memory studies and, in particular, the concept of collective memory. A sample of commemorative events from the former Yugoslavia was investigated and qualitative fieldwork was carried to analyze them in terms of their role in collective memory. The analysis of these events allowed for the creation of a new scale of the relative darkness of commemorative events. The darkest commemorative events, which draw on autobiographical memory and hold a high degree of contemporary political significance, are judged to be the most dark and to present specific management problems because of this.
Exploring Media Coverage of the 2017 World Indigenous Nations Games and North American Indigenous Games: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Chen Chen , Mason Daniel S. , Misener Laura
Published: September 2018

This study examines how Indigenous voices were represented in Canadian mainstream media coverage of the two international Indigenous sporting events hosted in Canada in 2017. A critical discourse analysis guided by the concept of Settler Colonialism reveals that mainstream media provided some opportunities for Indigenous stakeholders to bring issues facing their communities to the attention of the Canadian public. The tensions and challenges identified by Indigenous stakeholders included stereotypes of non-Indigenous people, identity struggles within Indigenous communities, a lack of resources and opportunities for Indigenous youth, the vulnerability of Indigenous women, and the difficulty for Indigenous sporting achievements to be acknowledged. Although these struggles were associated with issues such as the legacy of assimilation policies, the lack of education on relevant topics in school, and other socioeconomic barriers within many Indigenous communities, the discourse stops short of questioning the legitimacy of the Canadian settler state.
Pattern generation for direct-write three-dimensional nanoscale structures via focused electron beam induced deposition
Authors: Keller Lukas , Huth Michael
Published: September 2018

Fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) nanoarchitectures by focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) has matured to a level that highly complex and functional deposits are becoming available for nanomagnetics and plasmonics. However, the generation of suitable pattern files that control the electron beam’s movement, and thereby reliably map the desired target 3D structure from a purely geometrical description to a shape-conforming 3D deposit, is nontrivial. To address this issue we developed several writing strategies and associated algorithms implemented in C++. Our pattern file generator handles different proximity effects and corrects for height-dependent precursor coverage. Several examples of successful 3D nanoarchitectures using different precursors are presented that validate the effectiveness of the implementation.
CONSOLIDATION OF THE ACTIVITIES OF REGULATORY INSTITUTIONS WHILE IMPLEMENTING E-GOVERNMENT SOLUTIONS
Authors: Davidavičienė Vida , Raudeliūnienė Jurgita , Vengrienė Elena , Jakubavičius Artūras
Published: September 2018

In the context of globalization, information technology development and transformation not only the needs of the society are changing, structural changes are taking place in the management of the activities of the regulatory institutions as well, because their main function is to meet the changing needs of society. While this process is happening, it becomes difficult to balance activities of the regulatory institutions with the needs of the society and business. This is why optimization of the regulatory institutions functions is one the European Union᾽s priorities. One of the most efficient ways to increase the quality of public services, reduce expenses, encourage cooperation between institutions and make decision making process more efficiently is to create an evaluation system that allows assessment of the efficiency of the consolidation of regulatory institutions functions during the implementation of e-government. In order to solve issues, the analysis of scientific literature, multiple criteria and expert evaluation were applied. The proposed system for evaluation of the consolidation of the activities of the regulatory institutions while implementing solutions of e-government allows complete assessment of the factors and criteria, identification of drawbacks of the process and also enables to create decisions for solutions of the problems.
Europa’s Optical Aurora
Authors: de Kleer Katherine , Brown Michael E.
Published: September 2018

Auroral emissions provide opportunities to study the tenuous atmospheres of solar system satellites, revealing the presence and abundance of molecular and atomic species as well as their spatial and temporal variability. Far-UV aurorae have been used for decades to study the atmospheres of the Galilean satellites. Here we present the first detection of Europa’s visible-wavelength atomic oxygen aurora at 6300/6364 Å arising from the metastable

) state, observed with the Keck I and Hubble Space Telescope while Europa was in eclipse by Jupiter on six occasions in 2018 February–April. The disk-integrated O(1D) brightness varies from <500 R up to more than 2 kR between dates, a factor of 15 higher than the O i 1356 Å brightness on average. The ratio of emission at 6300/5577 Å is diagnostic of the parent molecule; the 5577 Å emission was not detected in our data set, which favors O2 as the dominant atmospheric constituent and rules out an O/O2 mixing ratio above 0.35. For an O2 atmosphere and typical plasma conditions at Europa’s orbit, the measured surface brightness range corresponds to column densities of (1–9) × 1014 cm−2.
Infrared Signatures of Protonated Benzonitrile
Authors: Chatterjee Kuntal , Dopfer Otto
Published: September 2018

Aromatic hydrocarbons and their protonated ions are important constituents of the interstellar medium (ISM). The recent discovery of benzonitrile (BN; cyanobenzene, C6H5CN) in the ISM suggests that its protonated ion (H+BN) is also present. Herein, we present vibrational signatures of H+BN obtained via infrared photodissociation (IRPD) spectra of its clusters with up to four nonpolar ligands (L = Ar/N2) recorded in the NH (ν
NH) and CH (ν
CH) stretch range. Protonation of BN occurs at the N atom of the nitrile group. Systematic complexation shifts (Δν
NH) observed in the IRPD spectra of H+BN-L
n
are assigned to cluster structures by comparison to quantum chemical calculations. In the most stable H+BN-L
n
structures, the first ligand (n = 1) forms a NH+… L ionic hydrogen bond (H-bond), while additional ligands (n = 2–4) are attached to the aromatic ring via π stacking. For L = Ar, a less stable π-bonded H+BN-Ar isomer is also detected, and its IR spectrum provides an accurate experimental estimate of ν
NH = 3555 ± 3 cm−1 for bare H+BN, an intense characteristic fingerprint of this ion in the 3 μm range. Comparison of C6H5CNH+ with HCNH+ and CH3CNH+ reveals that the acidity of the NH proton in RCNH+ ions increases in the order R = C6H5 < CH3 < H.
Looking for the Elusive 3:2 Ratio of High-frequency Quasi-periodic Oscillations in the Microquasar XTE J1550−564
Authors: Varniere Peggy , Rodriguez Jérôme
Published: September 2018

Using the two main XTE J1550−564 outbursts (1998–99 and 2000), we gathered about 30 observations with confirmed detections of high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (HFQPOs). While this is a small sample it is enough to start looking at the generic properties of these oscillations, especially focusing on their frequencies and their potential harmonic relationship. This then will provide us with a list of constraints, which are necessary for any attempt to model their origin. We defined five groups based on their similarities in the Fourier domain, namely the continuum of their power-density spectra (PDS) and the HFQPO frequencies. We then combined the individual PDS of each family to obtain a PDS with higher statistics to search for other potential, previously undetected, weaker peaks. While we have two 3σ potential detections of a pair of HFQPOs in our combined PDS, none of them show HFQPOs with frequencies in a previously claimed 3:2 ratio. Using the results presented here we propose an updated list of requirements for any model trying to explain the HFQPOs in microquasars.
A Submillimeter Perspective on the GOODS Fields (SUPER GOODS). III. A Large Sample of ALMA Sources in the GOODS-S
Authors: Cowie L. L. , González-López J. , Barger A. J. , Bauer F. E. , Hsu L.-Y. , Wang W.-H.
Published: September 2018

We analyze the >4σ sources in the most sensitive 100 arcmin2 area (rms < 0.56 mJy) of a SCUBA-2 850 μm survey of the GOODS-S and present the 75 band-7 ALMA sources (>4.5σ) obtained from high-resolution interferometric follow-up observations. The raw SCUBA-2 >4σ limit is fainter than 2.25 mJy throughout this region, and deboosting corrections would lower this further. Of the 53 SCUBA-2 sources in this sample, only five have no ALMA detections, while 13% (68% confidence range 7%–19%) have multiple ALMA counterparts. Color-based high-redshift dusty galaxy selection techniques find at most 55% of the total ALMA sample. In addition to using literature spectroscopic and optical/near-infrared photometric redshifts, we estimate far infrared photometric redshifts based on an Arp 220 template. We identify seven z ≳ 4 candidates. We see the expected decline with redshift of the 4.5 and 24 μm to 850 μm flux ratios, confirming these as good diagnostics of z ≳ 4 candidates. We visually classify 52 ALMA sources, finding 44% (68% confidence range 35%–53%) to be apparent mergers. We calculate rest-frame 2–8 keV and 8–28 keV luminosities using the 7 Ms Chandra X-ray image. Nearly all of the ALMA sources detected at 0.5–2 keV are consistent with a known X-ray luminosity to 850 μm flux relation for star-forming galaxies, while most of those detected at 2–7 keV are moderate-luminosity AGNs that lie just above the 2–7 keV detection threshold. The latter largely have substantial obscurations of

cm−2, but two of the high-redshift candidates may even be Compton thick.
The Scattering and Intrinsic Structure of Sagittarius A* at Radio Wavelengths
Authors: Johnson Michael D. , Narayan Ramesh , Psaltis Dimitrios , Blackburn Lindy , Kovalev Yuri Y. , Gwinn Carl R. , Zhao Guang-Yao , Bower Geoffrey C. , Moran James M. , Kino Motoki , Kramer Michael , Akiyama Kazunori , Dexter Jason , Broderick Avery E. , Sironi Lorenzo
Published: September 2018

Radio images of the Galactic Center supermassive black hole, Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), are dominated by interstellar scattering. Previous studies of Sgr A* have adopted an anisotropic Gaussian model for both the intrinsic source and the scattering, and they have extrapolated the scattering using a purely λ
2 scaling to estimate intrinsic properties. However, physically motivated source and scattering models break all three of these assumptions. They also predict that refractive scattering effects will be significant, which have been ignored in standard model fitting procedures. We analyze radio observations of Sgr A* using a physically motivated scattering model, and we develop a prescription to incorporate refractive scattering uncertainties when model fitting. We show that an anisotropic Gaussian scattering kernel is an excellent approximation for Sgr A* at wavelengths longer than 1 cm, with an angular size of

along the major axis,

along the minor axis, and a position angle of

. We estimate that the turbulent dissipation scale is at least 600 km, with tentative support for r
in = 800 ± 200 km, suggesting that the ion Larmor radius defines the dissipation scale. We find that the power-law index for density fluctuations in the scattering material is β < 3.47, shallower than expected for a Kolmogorov spectrum (β = 11/3), and we estimate

in the case of r
in = 800 km. We find that the intrinsic structure of Sgr A* is nearly isotropic over wavelengths from 1.3 mm to 1.3 cm, with a size that is roughly proportional to wavelength:

. We discuss implications for models of Sgr A*, for theories of interstellar turbulence, and for imaging Sgr A* with the Event Horizon Telescope.
OpenNahele: the open Hawaiian forest plot database
Authors: Craven Dylan , Knight Tiffany , Barton Kasey , Bialic-Murphy Lalasia , Cordell Susan , Giardina Christian , Gillespie Thomas , Ostertag Rebecca , Sack Lawren , Chase Jonathan
Published: September 2018

This data paper provides a description of OpenNahele, the open Hawaiian forest plot database. OpenNahele includes 530 forest plots across the Hawaiian archipelago containing 43,590 individuals of 185 native and alien tree, shrub and tree fern species across six islands. We include estimates of maximum plant size (D950.1 and Dmax3) for 58 woody plant species, a key functional trait associated with dispersal distance and competition for light. OpenNahele can serve as a platform to test key ecological, evolutionary and conservation questions in a hotspot archipelago.

OpenNahele is the first database that compiles data from a large number of forest plots across the Hawaiian archipelago to allow broad and high resolution studies of biodiversity patterns.

Keywords: Hawaii, forests, islands, biodiversity, community ecology, evolutionary ecology
Hybridation et intégration dans l’action collective locale : un cadre d’analyse
Authors: Divay Gérard , Slimani Youssef
Published: September 2018

L’approche territoriale intégrée réussit-elle à décloisonner l’action publique en générant une hybridation de différentes logiques sectorielles ? Cet article développe un cadre d’analyse pour traiter cette question, inspiré d’un croisement de divers courants de recherche et de plusieurs études sur des expériences québécoises d’approche territoriale intégrée en développement social local. L’intégration se fait selon quatre régimes qui vont de la simple juxtaposition des acteurs sectoriels à un métissage des logiques sectorielles au sein de chacun des acteurs impliqués : le maillage opérationnel, l’effervescence interstitielle, l’accommodement collaboratif et la convergence institutionnelle. Chacun de ces régimes s’instaure dans une interaction entre la dynamique particulière de chaque expérience dans un milieu donné et des processus socio-institutionnels supra-locaux générateurs de nouvelles façons de concevoir et d’organiser l’articulation de l’action publique et l’action collective au niveau local. Remarques à l’intention des praticiens Cet article relativise les vertus de l’approche intégrée comme antidote aux silos de l’administration publique. L’approche intégrée dans l’action locale ne donne les effets escomptés que si chaque organisme public accepte de transformer sa culture interne et de déterminer son action en fonction des processus écosystémiques d’évolution du milieu et pas seulement de sa mission propre.
Co-créer à l’intérieur de réseaux hybrides : que peut-on apprendre des difficultés rencontrées ? L’exemple de la lutte contre les infections transmises par le sang et le sexe
Authors: Touati Nassera , Maillet Lara
Published: September 2018

Cet article analyse des processus de co-création à l’intérieur de réseaux hybrides. Plus précisément, il se penche sur un dispositif particulier de co-création, en l’occurrence une communauté stratégique mise en place pour expérimenter des nouvelles façons de faire en matière de lutte contre les infections transmises par le sang et le sexe au Québec. Une communauté stratégique est une structure temporaire de collaboration inter-organisationnelle, composée de professionnels, de cadres de premier niveau, d’omnipraticiens, de représentants d’organismes communautaires, etc. dont le mandat consiste à générer, à mettre en pratique et à évaluer des idées nouvelles concernant l’organisation des services. Les résultats de cette étude mettent en évidence les difficultés rencontrées ainsi que les enjeux liés à ces processus de co-création. Remarques à l’intention des praticiens La mise en œuvre de processus-de co-création, impliquant des acteurs du secteur public, privé et communautaire, se confronte à de nombreux enjeux : 1) l’intéressement des acteurs concernés par les problématiques complexes ; 2) la constitution d’espaces réflexifs et d’expérimentation impliquant des acteurs jouant un rôle important au niveau de l’implantation du changement ; 3) la mobilisation d’outils et de facilitateurs pour élaborer une vision commune ; 4) le passage à l’action pour valider les nouvelles façons de faire.
La caractérisation des valeurs d’éthique publique : application au management public territorial de la province du Guangxi (Chine)
Authors: Mériade Laurent
Published: September 2018

La légitimité des politiques et la confiance des citoyens en la décision et l’administration publique provient de manière encore plus significative aujourd’hui de l’appréciation de leur éthique (Kolthoff et al ., 2013). Le « pluralisme moral et la diversité culturelle » de la société contemporaine (Boisvert, 2008) fait de l’éthique publique un nouveau cadre théorique à explorer à partir des compromis qu’elle établit entre des valeurs diverses et souvent contradictoires. Or ce compromis, dans la pratique, semble limiter les valeurs éthiques publiques à des principes de bonne gouvernance formalisés autour de codes de conduites ou de procédures managériales (Rochet, 2011). Notre question de recherche vise à s’interroger sur la variété de ces valeurs. L’objectif de recherche étant de proposer, en complétant le cadre conceptuel de la Nouvelle Valeur Publique (Moore, 1995 ; Nabatchi, 2011), une catégorisation des valeurs éthiques publiques à partir notamment d’une caractérisation de valeurs d’éthiques d’interaction non encore illustrées dans la littérature. Remarques à l’intention des praticiens Sur le plan pratique, l’ambition de cet article est d’identifier et caractériser plus précisément la variété des valeurs éthiques mobilisées par les managers publics. Nous menons pour cela, en deux temps, une enquête auprès des managers publics de la province du Guangxi en Chine, pays dans lequel l’expression d’une éthique personnelle ou culturelle dans le cadre professionnel est décrite, par la littérature, comme relativement naturelle. Nos premiers résultats laissent entrevoir une distinction assez nette entre des valeurs éthiques d’exécution de l’action publique relativement bien formalisées et des valeurs éthiques d’interaction publique plus informelles et proches de rites culturels ou sociaux.
Satisfaction au travail dans les administrations publiques en Afrique : une revue systématique de la littérature
Authors: Vigan Fanou Arsène , Giauque David
Published: September 2018

Cette étude décrit l’état de la recherche sur la satisfaction au travail dans les administrations publiques en Afrique entre 1990 et 2014. Utilisant la méthodologie de la revue systématique, 22 publications anglophones et francophones sur le sujet sont analysées et mises en perspective. Les résultats montrent que les caractéristiques liées à l’environnement du travail sont les déterminants majeurs de la satisfaction au travail des agents publics africains. Les caractéristiques individuelles des agents et les caractéristiques liées au travail ont une influence marginale. Les résultats soulignent également que les études consacrées à la satisfaction au travail en Afrique mobilisent des cadres théoriques utilisés dans les pays occidentaux. De tels procédés de recherches produisent bien souvent des résultats inattendus soulignant l’intérêt de la prise en compte des spécificités locales dans les modèles de recherche. Les conséquences de la satisfaction au travail en Afrique et les voies de recherches futures sont aussi abordées. Remarques pour les praticiens Cette contribution permet aux praticiens d’obtenir une vue générale sur les facteurs qui favorisent la satisfaction/l’insatisfaction des agents publics en Afrique. Elle les aide à identifier des facteurs sur lesquels agir pour la mise en œuvre de politiques du personnel efficaces orientées vers la performance et le bien-être des agents. Les résultats suggèrent qu’il faut porter une attention particulière aux facteurs liés à l’environnement du travail (tels que la bonne ambiance au travail, le soutien organisationnel, les conditions de travail) pour agir plus efficacement sur la satisfaction au travail dans les organisations publiques africaines. Cependant, les pratiques telles que la mise en place d’objectifs et de procédures clairs, l’autonomie, le contenu du travail et la reconnaissance des efforts ne sont pas à négliger. 1
Material management without forecasting: From MRP to demand driven MRP
Authors: Kortabarria Alaitz , Apaolaza Unai , Lizarralde Aitor , Amorrortu Itxaso
Published: September 2018

Purpose: Efficient Operations and Supply Chain Management is key to building sustainable competitive edge for companies. However, the achievement of this goal is becoming challenging in the present dynamic production environment, as traditional Manufacturing Planning and Control systems were not developed to work in this context. The Demand-Driven Material Requirement Planning (DDMRP) methodology was developed with the aim of addressing this need and deal efficiently with material management. The present work, therefore analyzes the evolution of a company after converting from MRP to DDMRP.Design/methodology/approach: To achieve an in depth understanding of the case study a qualitative approach was taken. Data was collected from semi-structured interviews, documents and archival records enabling triangulation. The results from before and after the implementation of DDMRP were compared, and the evolution of the performance of the company was evaluated.Findings: The results clearly show that using DDMRP the company increased visibility in the supply chain. In addition, the inventory level was reduced by 52.53% while material consumption was increased by 8.7%. These results were achieved while maintaining the high service level.Originality/value: DDMRP is a relatively new methodology and for this reason there is little published data in this field. In addition the few studies found in the literature analyze the performance of DDMRP in simulated environments. The present work aims to go one step further and analyzes the implementation of DDMRP in a real company.
Revision of the Phaloriini crickets (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae: Phaloriinae) from China
Authors: Ma Libin B. , Jing Xuan
Published: September 2018

The Phaloriini (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae: Phaloriinae) species are tropical crickets distributed in Southeast Asia, northern Australia, western Oceania, Seychelles, Gabon, and Tanzania, whose body appears lute-like and brown with dark patches and whose legs are ornamented with ring-like patches. This tribe includes 12 genera and three of them,GorochoviusXie, Zheng, and Li, 2004,TrelliusGorochov, 1988, andVesceliaStål, 1877, are found in China.Gorochovius trinervusXieet al. 2004,Phaloria liangiXie and Zheng, 2003, andVescelia pieli(Chopard, 1939) were the only species of Phaloriini recorded in China in previous studies. Here,P. liangiis transferred into the genusVesceliabased on genitalia features, three new distribution records regarding genus and subgenera are reported, and two new species,Trellius(Trellius)guangdongensisMa and Jing,new speciesandTrellius(Neotrellius)yunnanensisMa and Jing,new speciesare described. Five Chinese Phaloriini species are described and illustrated here, and a key to female Phaloriini worldwide genera and subgenera is provided.
The trophic status of Bidighinzu Reservoir (Sardinia) before and after the diversion of waste waters
Authors: LUGLIÈ Antonella , AKTAN Yelda , CASIDDU Paola , SECHI Nicola
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this paper was to assess the effect of the diversion of wastewater on the trophic status of Lake Bidighinzu, a hypertrophic man-made lake in Northern Sardinia, used as a drinking water reservoir. There have been problems with potabilization since the early years of the diversion operation, particularly in the summer-autumn period. Data available (August 1978, February 1979 and March 1985) before the reservoir (1987) were compared with those collected during a study carried out in the annual cycle immediately after (1988-1989) and after some years (1994 and 1996-1997). The study examined the dynamics of temperature, main nutrients (total phosphorus, nitrate and ammonia), chlorophyll-a and phytoplanktonic biomass. No particular variation in the water nutrient availability emerged from the comparison between these two situations - especially for total phosphorus, whose annual mean concentrations were similar in the two annual cycles (386 mg P m-3 in 1988-1989 and 305 mg P m-3 in 1996-1997). Chlorophyll-a and biomass were high during each period of study (annual mean values were 17 mg m-3and 3.7 mg l-1 in 1988-1989 and 11 mg m-3and 4.6 mg l-1 in 1996-1997). However, peaks were never higher than values recorded in August 1978 (112 mg m-3and 133 mg l-1) due to an extraordinary bloom of Ceratium hirundinella (O.F. Müller). Species composition of phytoplankton was typical of highly trophic conditions and was frequently characterised by the presence of Cyanophyceae and Bacillariophyceae. Results demonstrated that, ten years after construction of the by-pass, the lake had shown no improvement in its trophic status. This might depend on many factors, among which the most likely might be the non-use or partial use of the diversion system, which allows the sewage to continue to flow into the lake and keep its trophic status almost unchanged.
Determining the cytotoxic effect potential of ozonated hazelnut oil
Authors: Tonus Sami Serhat , Bayıl Oğuzkan Sibel , Uğraş Halil İbrahim , Kıılıç İbrahim Halil
Published: September 2018

Although the use of hazelnut oil is becoming ever more common, the ozonated form of this oil has never been obtained before. Ozonated vegetable oils are generally preferred in ozone therapy as they are easy to apply and obtain. In this study, the density, viscosity, peroxide and iodine values of hazelnut oil obtained by being treated with ozone in different periods at a flow rate of 7-8 were determined and compared with its commercial form, i.e. refined hazelnut oil. In order to determine whether ozonated hazelnut oil can be safely used, its cytotoxic effect potential was assessed by performing 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium assay on three different cell lines. For this purpose, the viability at five different concentrations of each sample was calculated after 48 and 72 hours of incubation in the H1299 lung cancer, human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells and A549 cell line. As a result, it was found that hazelnut oil applied to three different cell lines and in five different concentrations (100/50/25/12.5/6.25μg/mL) did not have any cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, it was also revealed that the samples did not have a toxic effect due to treatment with ozone in comparison to refined ozonated hazelnut oil. Therefore, this study has shown that ozonated hazelnut oil can be used as an alternative to refined hazelnut oil without exerting any toxic effects due to treatment with ozone. In light of this information, it was concluded that hazelnut oil can be safely used after treatment with ozone without having any cytotoxic effects and that it can be produced as a functional oil providing both the pharmacological and cosmetic effects of ozone.
Clinical side effects after oral administration of palm oil and Alchornea cordifolia decoction in a child
Authors: Bunga Paulo Muntu , Nzita Jephté Bambi , Mubungu Gerry , Mangaza Sophie Nyembo , Seudjip Nono Joelle , Aloni Michel Ntetani
Published: September 2018

Alchornea cordifolia is known to be a plant with a variety of medicinal properties and is quoted by many traditional healers to treat a variety of medicinal problems in the Democratic Republic of Congo. However, very little is known about its potential toxicity. We report the case of a 9-year-old boy referred for assessment of suspected bronchial troubles without a history of atopic disease or drug allergy who developed dyspnea, dysphagia, asthenia and lingual ulcers within 30 minutes after nasal and oral administration of decoction of palm oil associated with A. cordifolia leaves in water. In the present report, adverse effects of A. cordifolia therapy may be related to the mixtures of active compounds that they contain and can cause the symptoms observed in our patient. These findings call for caution in the use of A. cordifolia especially in children.
Punk Style
Authors: Sklar Monica
Published: September 2018

Punk Style examines the dress of this incredibly diverse, long-lasting and hugely influential subculture and its impact on mainstream fashion. Taking a comprehensive approach, the book includes a historical overview, a discussion of motivations behind dress practices, and a review of fashion cycles and merchandising methods.

Punk is frequently positioned as a forerunner of trends that later become commonplace, as demonstrated in the proliferation and acceptance of body modification, the repeated use of deconstruction as a design aesthetic, and the recent boom in fashion that reflects DIY style through handmade crafts. The book explores how this dominant subcultural style continues to expand via the internet, youth buying-power, and the constant re-appropriation of its distinctive styles.

This accessible text brings the discussion of punk fashion up-to-date and provides a concise overview for students and scholars and general readers interested in the punk subculture.
The Trendmakers
Authors: Lantz Jenny
Published: September 2018

Numerous tastemakers exist in and between fashion production and consumption, from designers and stylists to trend forecasters, buyers, and journalists. How and why are each of these players bound up in the creation and dispersion of trends? In what ways are consumers’ relations to trends constructed by these individuals and organizations? This book explores the social significance of trends in the global fashion industry through interviews with these ‘fashion intermediaries’, offering new insights into their influential roles in the setting and shaping of trends.

The Trendmakers contains exclusive interviews with financial analysts, creative directors from high street stores like H&M to designer brands such as Erdem, trend forecasters at WGSN, buyers from Harvey Nichols, and major fashion names like The Telegraph fashion critic Hilary Alexander. In contrast to existing research, Lantz offers an international understanding of the trend landscape, engaging with industry professionals from fashion capitals like London, Paris, and New York, as well as BRIC countries and the new, emerging fashion nations. The fashion media may have declared that ‘trends are dead’ in the light of digital dissemination, but Lantz argues that trends still not only serve as a significant organizing principle for the fashion industry as a whole but also as a source for legitimacy.

Engaging with classic fashion thinkers like Veblen, Simmel, and Bourdieu, as well as contemporary scholars like Entwistle and Steele, this book considers trends from an economic and cultural perspective to add to our knowledge of the complexities of the business of fashion.
Street Style
Authors: Luvaas Brent
Published: September 2018

Street style blogging has experienced a meteoric rise in popularity over the last decade. Amateur photographers, often with no formal training in fashion, have become critical arbiters of taste and trends, influencing the representations that appear in magazines and on runways, and putting new cities on the fashion world map. This cutting-edge book documents the evolution of street style photography, from the fieldwork photos of early anthropology to the glamorized snapshots that appear on blogs today, and explores the structural shifts in the global fashion industry that street style has helped bring about.

Chronicling author and anthropologist Brent Luvaas’ experience over three years of blogging through vivid street imagery and rich ethnographic detail, this book turns the lens of street style photography back onto anthropology itself, arguing that the phenomenon is a powerful mode of amateur ethnography. Bloggers blur the distinction between professional and amateur, insider and outsider, self and brand. This book documents that blur from the ground level–from the streets of Philadelphia to the sidewalks of New York Fashion Week.

Street Style is an essential read for students and scholars of fashion, anthropology, sociology, media and cultural studies, and fans of street style photography alike.
DMS oxidation and sulfur aerosol formation in the marine troposphere: a focus on reactive halogen and multiphase chemistry
Authors: Chen Qianjie , Sherwen Tomás , Evans Mathew , Alexander Becky
Published: September 2018

Abstract. The oxidation of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) in the troposphere and subsequent
chemical conversion into sulfur dioxide (SO2) and methane sulfonic
acid (MSA) are key processes for the formation and growth of
sulfur-containing aerosol and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), but are highly
simplified in large-scale models of the atmosphere. In this study, we
implement a series of gas-phase and multiphase sulfur oxidation mechanisms
into the Goddard Earth Observing System-Chemistry (GEOS-Chem) global chemical transport model – including two important
intermediates, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and methane sulphinic acid (MSIA) – to
investigate the sulfur cycle in the global marine troposphere. We found that
DMS is mainly oxidized in the gas phase by OH (66 %), NO3
(16 %) and BrO (12 %) globally. DMS + BrO is important for the
model's ability to reproduce the observed seasonality of surface DMS mixing
ratio in the Southern Hemisphere. MSA is mainly produced from multiphase
oxidation of MSIA by OH(aq) (66 %) and O3(aq) (30 %)
in cloud droplets and aerosols. Aqueous-phase reaction with OH accounts for
only 12 % of MSA removal globally, and a higher MSA removal rate is needed
to reproduce observations of the MSA ∕ nssSO42- ratio. The
modeled conversion yield of DMS into SO2 and MSA is 75 % and
15 %, respectively, compared to 91 % and 9 % in the standard model run
that includes only gas-phase oxidation of DMS by OH and NO3. The
remaining 10 % of DMS is lost via deposition of intermediates DMSO and
MSIA. The largest uncertainties for modeling sulfur chemistry in the marine
boundary layer (MBL) are unknown concentrations of reactive halogens (BrO and
Cl) and OH(aq) concentrations in cloud droplets and aerosols. To
reduce uncertainties in MBL sulfur chemistry, we should prioritize
observations of reactive halogens and OH(aq).
Simulation of the size-composition distribution of atmospheric nanoparticles over Europe
Authors: Patoulias David , Fountoukis Christos , Riipinen Ilona , Asmi Ari , Kulmala Markku , Pandis Spyros N.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. PMCAMx-UF, a three-dimensional chemical transport model focusing on the simulation of the ultrafine particle size distribution and composition has been extended with the addition of the volatility basis set (VBS) approach for the simulation of organic aerosol (OA). The model was applied in Europe to quantify the effect of secondary semi-volatile organic vapors on particle number concentrations. The model predictions were evaluated against field observations collected during the PEGASOS 2012 campaign. The measurements included both ground and airborne measurements, from stations across Europe and a zeppelin measuring above Po Valley. The ground level concentrations of particles with a diameter larger than 100 nm (N100) were reproduced with a daily normalized mean error of 40 % and a daily normalized mean bias of −20 %. PMCAMx-UF tended to overestimate the concentration of particles with a diameter larger than 10 nm (N10) with a daily normalized mean bias of 75 %. The model was able to reproduce, within a factor of 2, 85 % of the N10 and 75 % of the N100 zeppelin measurements above ground. The condensation of organics led to an increase (50 %–120 %) in the N100 concentration mainly in central and northern Europe, while the N10 concentration decreased by 10 %–30 %. Including the VBS in PMCAMx-UF improved its ability to simulate aerosol number concentration compared to simulations neglecting organic condensation on ultrafine particles.
Causes of a continuous summertime O3 pollution event in Ji’nan, a central city in the North China Plain
Authors: Lyu Xiaopu , Wang Nan , Guo Hai , Xue Likun , Jiang Fei , Zeren Yangzong , Cheng Hairong , Cai Zhe , Han Lihui , Zhou Ying
Published: September 2018

Abstract. In summer 2017, measurements of ozone (O3) and its precursors were carried out at an urban site in Ji’nan, a central city in the North China Plain (NCP). A continuous O3 pollution event was captured during August 4–11, with the maximum hourly O3 reaching 154.1 ppbv. The O3 pollution was associated with the uniform pressure field over the NCP, and was also aggravated by the low pressure trough on August 9–10. Model simulation indicated that local photochemical formation and regional transport contributed 14.0±2.3 and 18.7±4.0 ppbv/hr to O3 increase during 09:00–15:00 local time (LT), respectively. In the evening, vertical transport dominated the O3 sources with the contribution of 54.5±9.6 ppbv/hr. For local O3 formation, the calculated OH reactivity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbon monoxide (CO) was comparable between O3 episodes and non-episodes (p>0.05), so was the OH reactivity of nitrogen oxides (NOx). However, the ratio of OH reactivity of VOCs and CO to that of NOx increased from 2.0±0.4 s−1/s−1 during non-episodes to 3.7±0.7 s−1/s−1 during O3 episodes, which resulted in the change of O3 formation mechanism from VOC-limited regime (non-episodes) to transition area (O3 episodes) where O3 production rates were among the highest. Correspondingly, the simulated local O3 production rate during O3 episodes (maximum: 21.3 ppbv/hr) was remarkably higher than that during non-episodes (p<0.05) (maximum: 16.9 ppbv/hr). Given that gasoline and diesel exhaust made great contributions to O3 precursors and O3 production rate, constraint on vehicular emissions is the most effective strategy to control O3 pollution in Ji’nan. Specifically, 10 % reduction of diesel and gasoline exhaust led to a decrease of the simulated O3 production rate of 0.58 and 0.47 ppbv/hr, respectively. Both the observation and model simulation imply that the NCP is a source region of tropospheric O3, and may export photochemical pollution to the surrounding areas.
Evaluating Climate Emulation: Unit Testing of Simple Climate Models
Authors: Schwarber Adria K. , Smith Steven J. , Hartin Corinne A. , Vega-Westhoff Benjamin Aaron , Sriver Ryan
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Simple climate models (SCMs) are numerical representations of the Earth’s gas cycles and climate system. SCMs are easy to use and computationally inexpensive, making them an ideal tool in both scientific and decision-making contexts (e.g., complex climate model emulation; parameter estimation experiments; climate metric calculations; and probabilistic analyses). Despite their prolific use, the fundamental responses of SCMs are often not directly characterized. In this study, we use unit tests of three chemical species (CO2, CH4, and BC) to understand the fundamental gas cycle and climate system responses of several SCMs (Hector v2.0, MAGICC 5.3, MAGICC 6.0, FAIR v1.0, and AR5-IR). We find that while idealized SCMs are widely used, they fail to capture important global mean climate response features, which can produce biased temperature results. Comprehensive SCMs, which have non-linear forcing and physically-based carbon cycle representations, show improved responses compared to idealized SCMs. Even some comprehensive SCMs fail to capture response timescales of more complex models under BC or CO2 forcing perturbations. These results suggest where improvements should be made to SCMs. Further, we provide a set of fundamental tests that we recommend as a standard validation suite for any SCM. Unit tests allow users to understand differences in model responses and the impact of model selection on results.
A Radiative Convective Model based on constrained Maximum
Entropy Production
Authors: Labarre Vincent , Paillard Didier , Dubrulle Bérengère
Published: September 2018

Abstract. The representation of atmospheric convection induced by radiative forcing is a longstanding question mainly because turbulence plays a key role in the transport of energy as sensible heat, geopotential and latent heat. Recent works have tried to use Maximum Entropy Production as a closure hypothesis in Simple Climate Models in order to compute implicitly temperatures and vertical energy flux. However, these models failed to compute realistic profiles. To solve this problem, we prescribe a simplified 1D mass scheme transport which ensures energy fluxes. The later appears as a mechanical constraint which imposes the direction and/or limits the amplitudes of energy fluxes. This leads to a different MEP steady state which depends on the considered energy transfers in the model. Results using such model are improved with respect to another model, not including such effect: temperature and energy flux are closer to the observations and we naturally reproduce stratification when we consider geopotential. Variations of the atmospheric composition, such as doubling of the carbon dioxide concentration, is also investigated.
LCice 1.0 – a generalized Ice Sheet System Model coupler for LOVECLIM version 1.3: description, sensitivities, and validation with the Glacial Systems Model (GSM version D2017.aug17)
Authors: Bahadory Taimaz , Tarasov Lev
Published: September 2018

Abstract. We have coupled an Earth system model of intermediate complexity
(LOVECLIM) to the Glacial Systems Model (GSM) using the LCice 1.0 coupler. The coupling scheme
is flexible enough to enable asynchronous coupling between any
glacial cycle ice sheet model and (with some code work) any Earth system model of
intermediate complexity (EMIC).
This coupling includes a number of interactions between
ice sheets and climate that are often neglected: dynamic meltwater runoff routing, novel downscaling
for precipitation that corrects orographic forcing to the higher resolution ice sheet grid (“advective precipitation”),
dynamic vertical temperature gradient, and
ocean temperatures for sub-shelf melt. The sensitivity of the
coupled model with respect to the selected parameterizations and
coupling schemes is investigated. Each new coupling feature
is shown to have a significant impact on ice sheet evolution. An ensemble of runs is used to
explore the behaviour of the coupled model over a set of 2000
parameter vectors using present-day (PD) initial and boundary
conditions. The ensemble of coupled model runs is compared against
PD reanalysis data for atmosphere (2 m temperature,
precipitation, jet stream, and Rossby number of jet), ocean (sea ice
and Atlantic Meridional Overturning
Circulation – AMOC), and Northern Hemisphere
ice sheet thickness and extent. The parameter vectors are then
narrowed by rejecting model runs (1700 CE to present) with regional land ice volume
changes beyond an acceptance range. The selected subset
forms the basis for ongoing work to explore the spatial–temporal
phase space of the last two glacial cycles.
A Predictive Algorithm For Wetlands In Deep Time Paleoclimate Models
Authors: Wilton David J. , Badger Marcus , Kantzas Euripides P. , Pancost Richard D. , Valdes Paul J. , Beerling David J.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas produced in wetland environments via microbial action in anaerobic conditions. If the location and extent of wetlands are unknown, such as for the Earth many millions of years in the past, a model of wetland fraction is required in order to calculate methane emissions and thus help reduce uncertainty in the understanding of past warm greenhouse climates. Here we present an algorithm for predicting inundated wetland fraction for use in calculating wetland methane emission fluxes in deep time paleoclimate simulations. The algorithm determines, for each grid cell in a given paleoclimate simulation, the wetland fraction predicted by a nearest neighbours search of modern day data in a space described by a set of environmental, climate and vegetation variables. To explore this approach, we first test it for a modern day climate with variables obtained from observations and then for an Eocene climate with variables derived from a fully coupled global climate model (HadCM3BL-M2.2). Two independent dynamic vegetation models were used to provide two sets of equivalent vegetation variables which yielded two different wetland predictions. As a first test the method, using both vegetation models, satisfactorily reproduces modern data wetland fraction at a course grid resolution, similar to those used in paleoclimate simulations. We then applied the method to an early Eocene climate, testing its outputs against the locations of Eocene coal deposits. We predict global mean monthly wetland fraction area for the early Eocene of 8 to 10 × 106 km2 with corresponding total annual methane flux of 656 to 909 Tg, depending on which of two different dynamic global vegetation models are used to model wetland fraction and methane emission rates. Both values are significantly higher than estimates for the modern-day of 4 × 106 km2 and around 190 Tg (Poulter et. al. 2017, Melton et. al., 2013).