bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Unique Resource for Solar Flare Diagnostic Studies: The SMM Bent Crystal Spectrometer
Authors: Sylwester J. , Sylwester B. , Phillips K. J. H. , Kępa A. , Rapley C. G.
Published: May 2020

The Bent Crystal Spectrometer (BCS) on the NASA Solar Maximum Mission spacecraft observed the X-ray spectra of numerous solar flares during the periods 1980 February–November and 1984–1989. The instrument, the first of its kind to use curved crystal technology, observed the resonance lines of He-like Ca (Ca xix) and Fe (Fe xxv), and neighboring satellite lines, allowing the study of the rapid evolution of flare plasma temperature, turbulence, mass motions etc. To date there has not been a solar X-ray spectrometer with comparable spectral and time resolution, while subsequent solar cycles have delivered far fewer and less intense flares. The BCS data archive thus offers an unparalleled resource for flare studies. A recent reassessment of the BCS calibration and its operations is extended here by using data during a spacecraft scan in the course of a flare on 1980 November 6 that highlights small deformations in the crystal curvature of the important channel 1 (viewing lines of Ca xix and satellites). The results explain long-standing anomalies in spectral line ratios which have been widely discussed in the past. We also provide an in-flight estimation of the BCS collimator field of view which improves the absolute intensity calibration of the BCS. The BCS channel 1 background is shown to be entirely due to solar continuum radiation, confirming earlier analyses implying a time-variable flare abundance of Ca. We suggest that BCS high-resolution Ca xix and Fe xxv line spectra be used as templates for the analysis of X-ray spectra of nonsolar sources.
Fast Acceleration of Transrelativistic Electrons in Astrophysical Turbulence
Authors: Trotta Domenico , Franci Luca , Burgess David , Hellinger Petr
Published: May 2020

Highly energetic, relativistic electrons are commonly present in many astrophysical systems, from solar flares to the intracluster medium, as indicated by observed electromagnetic radiation. However, open questions remain about the mechanisms responsible for their acceleration, and possible reacceleration. Ubiquitous plasma turbulence is one of the possible universal mechanisms. We study the energization of transrelativistic electrons in turbulence using a hybrid particle-in-cell method, which provides a realistic model of Alfvénic turbulence from MHD to subion scales, and test particle simulations for electrons. We find that, depending on the electron initial energy and turbulence strength, electrons may undergo a fast and efficient phase of energization due to the magnetic curvature drift during the time they are trapped in dynamic magnetic structures. In addition, electrons are accelerated stochastically, which is a slower process that yields lower maximum energies. The combined effect of these two processes determines the overall electron acceleration. With appropriate turbulence parameters, we find that superthermal electrons can be accelerated up to relativistic energies. For example, with heliospheric parameters and a relatively high turbulence level, rapid energization to megaelectronvolt energies is possible.
Fingerprints of Binary Black Hole Formation Channels Encoded in the Mass and Spin of Merger Remnants
Authors: Sedda Manuel Arca , Mapelli Michela , Spera Mario , Benacquista Matthew , Giacobbo Nicola
Published: May 2020

Binary black holes (BBHs) are thought to form in different environments, including the galactic field and (globular, nuclear, young, and open) star clusters. Here, we propose a method to estimate the fingerprints of the main BBH formation channels associated with these different environments. We show that the metallicity distribution of galaxies in the local universe along with the relative amount of mergers forming in the field or in star clusters determine the main properties of the BBH population. Our fiducial model predicts that the heaviest merger to date, GW170729, originated from a progenitor that underwent 2–3 merger events in a dense star cluster, possibly a galactic nucleus. The model predicts that at least one merger remnant out of a hundred BBH mergers in the local universe has mass

, and one in a thousand can reach a mass as large as

. Such massive black holes would bridge the gap between stellar-mass and intermediate-mass black holes. The relative number of low- and high-mass BBHs can help us unravel the fingerprints of different formation channels. Based on the assumptions of our model, we expect that isolated binaries are the main channel of BBH merger formation if

of the whole BBH population has remnants with masses

, whereas

% of remnants having masses

points to a significant subpopulation of dynamically formed BBH binaries.
Radiolysis of Ices by Cosmic-Rays: CH4 and H2O Ices Mixtures Irradiated by 40 MeV 58Ni11+ Ions
Authors: Mejía C. , de Barros A. L. F. , Rothard H. , Boduch P. , da Silveira E. F.
Published: May 2020

Physico-chemical modifications induced by swift heavy ions on methane-water (CH4:H2O) ices at 15 K are analyzed. Ice films, at concentrations of (1:3) and (1:15), were irradiated by 40 MeV 58Ni11+ ions. Fourier transform transmission spectroscopy in the mid-range was used to monitor the evolution ices at 15 K as a function of projectile fluence. New IR bands appearing for the irradiated (CH4:H2O) (1:3) ice are attributed to the synthesized molecules: C3H8, HCO, H2CO, CO, CO2, H2O2, HCOOH, CH3OH, C2H5OH, and CH3CHO. For the irradiated (CH4:H2O) (1:15) ice, the abundances of the compounds containing two carbons atoms are lower than those for the (1:3) ice; in contrast, CH3OH and H2O2 abundances increase when compared to the values obtained with the (1:3) ice. After irradiation, the ices were warmed up until 110 K, when the IR spectra reveal features of complex organic molecules. The destruction and formation cross sections and the sputtering yields of the ice mixtures are estimated. These findings provide possible pathways for the occurrence of compounds rich in C, O, and H, which are indeed observed in the cold regions of the universe such as ices in grain mantles of the interstellar medium and circumstellar envelopes.
Active-region Tilt Angles from White-light Images and Magnetograms: The Role of Magnetic Tongues
Authors: Poisson Mariano , Démoulin Pascal , Mandrini Cristina H. , Fuentes Marcelo C. López
Published: May 2020

The presence of elongations in active-region (AR) polarities, called magnetic tongues, is mostly visible during their emergence phase. AR tilts have been measured thoroughly using long-term white-light (WL) databases, sometimes combined with magnetic-field information. Since the influence of magnetic tongues on WL tilt measurements has not been taken into account before, we aim to investigate their role in tilt-angle values and to compare them with those derived from LOS magnetograms. We apply four methods to compute the tilt angle of generally bipolar ARs: one applies the k-means algorithm to WL data, a second one includes the magnetic-field sign of the polarities to WL data, and a third one uses the magnetic flux-weighted center of each polarity. The tilt values computed in any of these ways are affected by the presence of magnetic tongues. Therefore, we apply the newly developed Core Field Fit Estimator (CoFFE) method to separate the magnetic flux in the tongues from that in the AR core. We compare the four computed tilt-angle values, as well as these with the ones reported in long-term WL databases. For ARs with low-magnetic-flux tongues, the different methods report consistent tilt-angle values. But for ARs with high-flux tongues, there are noticeable discrepancies between all methods, indicating that magnetic tongues differently affect WL and magnetic data. However, in general, CoFFE achieves a better estimation of the main bipole tilt because it removes both the effect of tongues as well as the emergence of secondary bipoles when it occurs in between the main bipole magnetic polarities.
Revisiting the Relationship between the Long GRB Rate and Cosmic Star Formation History Based on a Large Swift Sample
Authors: Hao Jing-Meng , Cao Liang , Lu You-Jun , Chu Qing-Bo , Fan Jun-Hui , Yuan Ye-Fei , Yuan Yu-Hai
Published: May 2020

The exact relationship between the long gamma-ray burst (LGRB) rate and the cosmic star formation rate (CSFR) is essential for using LGRBs as cosmological probes. In this work, we collect a large sample composed of 371 Swift LGRBs with known redshifts and prompt emission properties. We first compare the rest-frame prompt properties of these bursts in different redshift bins, finding negligible redshift evolution of the luminosity of LGRBs with

between z ∼ 1 and z ∼ 4. Then, by utilizing the CSFR obtained from the large-scale cosmological hydrodynamical simulation, the Illustris simulation, we calculate the cumulative redshift distribution of LGRBs under different metallicity thresholds. After comparing with our sample, we find that the predictions with a moderate threshold between

are consistent with the sample between redshift 0 < z < 3, while at higher redshifts, between 3 < z < 5, all metallicity thresholds fit the data well. When changing to an empirical model based on observations, the predictions show similar results as well. After comparing with the metallicity distribution of the observed LGRB host galaxies between 0 < z < 1, we confirm that the production of LGRBs in galaxies with super-solar metallicity is suppressed. Nevertheless, considering that a significant fraction of stars are born in sub-solar metallicity environments at z ≳ 3, we suggest that, as a first approximation, LGRBs can be used as direct tracers of the CSFR in this redshift range.
Les pleins pouvoirs ? Éléments de sociologie des arbitres de football en France
Authors: Nuytens Williams , Penin Nicolas , Duvant Grégoire
Published: May 2020

Cet article est consacré aux arbitres de football en France, c’est-à-dire ceux qui régulent plus de 600000 rencontres sportives chaque année. Il s’agit ici de relever les principales dimensions d’une activité complexe, de caractériser l’hétérogénéité d’un groupe et de questionner le mode de gouvernement auquel il contribue. Les éléments sociologiques proposés proviennent d’une revue de littérature, d’une passation de questionnaires réalisée auprès de 5000 arbitres français, de 29 entretiens touchant presque tous les niveaux de l’arbitrage. L’article montre l’existence de profils d’arbitres variés et les inégales distributions et consistances de pouvoirs qui en découlent. Ainsi l’usage du pouvoir et sa dimension discrétionnaire sont-ils dépendants de la position occupée par l’arbitre dans sa hiérarchie et dans la carrière.
Pacifiers: A Cause for Confusion
Authors: Wild Bridget M. , Kornfeld Benjamin
Published: May 2020

Pacifier avoidance is recommended in the newborn nursery to optimize exclusive breast-feeding rates according to the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative. There are many reasons why parents may choose to provide a pacifier to their infant, particularly due to the association between pacifier use with sleep and risk reduction for sudden infant death syndrome. Early use of a pacifier does not likely cause direct harm to infants or lead to difficulty breast-feeding. Pediatricians should partner with families to share a clear message in support of establishing exclusive breast-feeding, ideally before introduction of a pacifier.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2020;49(5):e204–206.]
Predicting Learners' Performance in Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) based on Demographic, Behavioral and Engagement Antecedents
Authors: Al-Azawei Ahmed , Al-Masoudy Miami Abdul Aziz
Published: May 2020

This study aims at predicting undergraduate students' performance in the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) based on four time periods of the examined online course. This is to provide an early and continuous prediction of students' academic achievement. This research depends on data from one of the scientific courses at the Open University (OU) in Britain, which offers its lectures using VLE. The data investigated consists of 1938 students in which the influence of demographic and behavioral variables was explored first. Then, three features were generated to improve the prediction accuracy as well as examining the effect of learners' engagement on their academic performance. Accordingly, a comparison was made between the prediction accuracy of integrating the proposed features with the behavioral and demographic features and the use of the original features only. The findings suggest that some of the demographic variables and all behavioral features had a significant impact on students' performance. However, the accuracy was highly improved after using the new generated features. It was found that the level of the financial and service instability, level of participation in the course, assessment grades, the total number of clicks, the interaction with different course activities, and students' engagement were significant predictors of academic achievement.
Evaluation Model of Adaptive Teaching Ability of College Art Teachers
Authors: Kong Fanwen
Published: May 2020

The existing evaluation models for the teaching ability of college art teachers are unadaptable, unsystematic and incomplete. To solve these problems, this paper puts forward a novel model to evaluate the adaptive teaching ability of college art teachers. Firstly, the teaching demand of college art teachers was analyzed in the knowledge age, highlighting the necessity to evaluate the adaptive teaching ability of college art teachers. Next, an evaluation system was established for the adaptive teaching ability of college art teachers in the knowledge age, and different types of evaluation indices were identified. On this basis, the grey relational analysis (GRA) was introduced to build an evaluation model for the adaptive teaching ability of college art teachers. The GRA-based evaluation model enjoys good operability and feasibility. To sum up, this paper fully integrates the evaluation system and evaluation model for the adaptive teaching ability of college art teachers. The research results have great significance in terms of theoretical innovations and practical applications.
Extensible Strategies and Their Performance for Mental Health Education in Colleges
Authors: Gong Kaixin
Published: May 2020

Currently, mental health education in college is constrained by various factors (e.g. the complex mentality of college students). This paper mainly discusses the extensible strategies for mental health education of college students, and develops a performative analysis model of these extensible strategies. Firstly, the problems in mental health education of college students were enumerated, and an extension model was set up for mental health education in colleges. On this basis, the extensible strategies were generated for college mental health education. Then, a performance analysis model was presented to effectively select and optimize the extensible strategies. The research results provide a theoretical guide for solving complex problems with extension strategy and promoting mental health education in colleges.
Analyse des conceptions d’élèves sur le vivant, dans une situation de conception expérimentale avec un environnement informatique
Authors: Bonnat Catherine , Marzin-Janvier Patricia , Girault Isabelle
Published: May 2020

Nous présentons des résultats issus d’un travail mené sur l’activité de conception expérimentale en biologie par des élèves de terminale scientifique (17-18 ans), avec un environnement informatique (LabBook) qui structure cette activité. Le premier objectif de recherche est d’identifier, à partir d’un questionnaire, les conceptions initiales des élèves sur le concept du vivant, à partir de l’étude d’une de ses manifestations, le métabolisme de la fermentation alcoolique, en lien avec les conceptions d’élèves identifiées dans la littérature. Le deuxième objectif consiste à étudier l’influence de l’activité de rédaction du protocole expérimental lors de la conception expérimentale, sur les conceptions initiales des élèves. Pour cela, une analyse des protocoles produits nous informe des connaissances sur le vivant mobilisées par les élèves, contextualisées à la conception expérimentale sur la fermentation alcoolique. Ensuite, les réponses des élèves au même questionnaire après l’activité nous permettent d’analyser le changement des connaissances initiales des élèves, en lien avec les connaissances mobilisées dans un contexte expérimental.
Ecology and Diversity of Plankton in Kotmale Reservoir, Sri Lanka
Authors: Warusawithana A.L. , Yatigammana S.K.
Published: May 2020

Present study investigated the relationship between plankton communities and environmental variables in five different locations of the Kotmale Reservoir during the period of June 2008 to May 2011. A total of 123 plankton species were recorded with 85 species of phytoplankton and 38 species of zooplankton. The relative abundance data indicate that Aulacoseira granulata (31.06%), Botryococcus braunii (12.34%) and Microcystis sp. (11.93%) were the dominant phytoplankton species while Acanthocystis turfacea (52.22%) was the dominant zooplankton species. Staurastrum cingulum was the dominant species in sites where the immediate catchment is covered with reservation forest with no significant inflow streams. Aulacoseira granulata, Fragellaria capucina and Navicula sp. were abundant in locations where the highest total phosphorus (TP) values were recorded. The main inflow streams, Puna Oya and Pundalu Oya appear to bring nutrient rich waters from its catchment with dense tea estates, agricultural lands, industries and villages. Microcystis sp. was abundant in locations where the highest values for TP, dissolved phosphorus (DP), ammonia, conductivity and turbidity were recorded. Botryococcus braunii was dominant in the location where Puna Oya reaches the reservoir. Staurastrumlepta canthum was abundant in the location located closer to the dam where the water body mostly contains limnetic characteristics. Among the zooplankton, cladocera species were abundant in sites where Staurastrum cingulum was identified. Rotifers and ciliate protozoans were identified closer to the dam and at the sites with high dominance of Microcystis sp. Accordingly, it was apparent that the distribution and abundance of these plankton species depend on the prevailing environmental conditions which ultimately show their ability to use as environmental indicators.
MKP-1 Modulates Mitochondrial Transcription Factors, Oxidative Phosphorylation, and Glycolysis
Authors: Bauerfeld Christian , Talwar Harvinder , Zhang Kezhong , Liu Yusen , Samavati Lobelia
Published: May 2020

Sepsis is the leading cause of death in the world. Recent reports suggest that in response to sepsis, metabolism of macrophages switches from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis. MAPK phosphatase (MKP)–1 (also known as DUSP1) localized in the nucleus and preferentially dephosphorylates p38 and JNK. MKP-1 controls the expression of numerous inflammatory genes and transcription factors, thereby regulating innate and adaptive immunity. MKP-1–deficient animals exhibit aberrant metabolic responses following bacterial infections with a markedly increased mortality in response to sepsis. Because metabolic reprogramming modulates immune responses to TLR-4 activation, we investigated the effect of MKP-1 deficiency on mitochondrial electron transport chains involved in oxidative phosphorylation and transcription factors regulating mitochondrial biogenesis. Mitochondrial biogenesis is regulated by three nuclear-encoded proteins, including transcription factor A (TFAM), nuclear respiratory factors (NRF-1), and peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ coactivator-1-α (PGC-1α). We show that MKP-1–deficient mice/macrophages exhibit, at baseline, higher expression of oxidative phosphorylation, TFAM, PGC-1α, and NRF-1 associated with increased respiration and production of reactive oxygen species as compared with wild-type mice. Surprisingly, MKP-1–deficient mice/macrophages responded to Escherichia coli sepsis or LPS with an impaired metabolic switch; despite enhanced glycolysis, a preserved mitochondrial function and biogenesis are exhibited. Furthermore, inhibition of p38 MAPK had no significant effect on TFAM and NRF-1 either in MKP-1–deficient macrophages or in wild-type macrophages. These findings support the conclusion that MKP-1 plays an important role in regulating proteins involved in glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation and modulates expression of mitochondrial transcription factors.
The anemia of the old and oldest-old patients hospitalized in Internal Medicine: a very high rate of anemia of chronic disease and multifactorial anemia
Authors: Silvestri Federico , Pozzo Renzo , Barbi Andrea , Labombarda Antonella , Zaramella Marco , Bramuzzo Igor , Mansutti Elisa , Perale Laura , Rogato Adolfo , Zanini Francesca
Published: May 2020

Anemia is highgly prevalent among elderly and few previous studies have focused on hospitalized medical patients aged ≥ 75 years. During a four-months period of this single center prospective cohort study, 508 patients were admitted and studied with a standardized set of blood tests. Anemia, defined as by WHO, was present in 277 (54.5%) and in the majority of cases was mild (71.8%), normocytic (82.8%), hypoproliferative (90.5%). Most frequent diagnosis was multifactorial anemia (47.7%); anemia of chronic disease was the most frequent single cause (28.5%) and the most frequent etiologic co-factor among multifactorial anemia. Iron deficiency was found in 22.7% of cases; vitamin B12 and folate deficiency were found in 7.5% and 26.1% respectively; chronic kidney disease in 16.2%; overt bleeding anemias in 4.8% and clonal hemopathies in 3.2%. Unexplained anemia was diagnosed only in 5.1% of cases. The finding of a very high frequency of anemia of chronic disease and multifactorial anemia has implications on both the diagnostic and therapeutic grounds.
Behavior simulation of nitrogen compounds in rivers with uncertainty analysis
Authors: Fortunato Tatiana Candeia da Silva , Reis José Antonio Tosta dos , Mendonça Antonio Sérgio , Silva Fernando Das Graças Braga da
Published: May 2020

This study simulated nitrogen-compound concentration changes in rivers, taking into account uncertainty analysis carried out by the Monte Carlo Method. The study area is the final stretch of the Piracicaba River, located in Minas Gerais, Brazil, which is an important Doce River tributary. The uncertainty analysis took into account random generation of hydrodynamic variables, initial water quality conditions and kinetic constants. Different variation percentages for the organic nitrogen decay kinetic constants random generation did not influence considerably the ammonia or organic nitrogen maximum concentration extreme values. In the simulations, maximum organic nitrogen concentrations were most frequently between 0.20 mg.L-1 and 0.22 mg.L-1 (42%), maximum ammonia nitrogen between 0.28 mg.L-1 and 0.30 mg.L-1 (30%), maximum nitrite between 0.05 mg.L-1 and 0.07 mg.L-1 (49%) and  maximum nitrate between 0.46 mg.L-1 and 0.50 mg.L-1 (37%). Estimated maximum concentrations for ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and nitrate did not exceed the environmental quality standards established by Brazilian CONAMA Resolution 357/2005 for Class 2 watercourses. Random generation of kinetic constants that regulate ammonia and nitrite decay produced significant ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, and nitrate peak concentrations value frequencies, histograms and forms changes, when considering variation percentages equal to or greater than 50%. Some simulation results showed more inhibition of oxidized nitrogen forms production.
Toxicity of pesticides with fungicide and fungicide + insecticide effects to Eisenia andrei
Authors: Giordani Isabela Aparecida , Busatta Eduarda , Oliveira Filho Luís Carlos Iuñes de , Baretta Dilmar , Kissmann Camila , Baretta Carolina Riviera Duarte Maluche
Published: May 2020

Pesticides are widely used in the agricultural sector to control and prevent pests and diseases. The use of these products can adversely affect non-target organisms that have a significant role in the soil, such as earthworms. This study evaluated the toxicity of the commercial formulation of the fungicide Comet® (active ingredient – a.i. pyraclostrobin) at concentrations of 0.08, 0.17, 0.35, 0.70, 1.40 and 2.80 mg of the commercial formulation kg-1 soil and the fungicide + insecticide Standak®Top (a.i. pyraclostrobin + thiophanate-methyl + fipronil) at concentrations of 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.60, 1.20 and 2.40 mg of the commercial formulation kg-1 soil, plus the control treatment, to Eisenia andrei in Tropical Artificial Soil (TAS) by means of standardized tests.
Estimation of tropical soils’ hydraulic properties with inverse method and tension infiltrometer field data
Authors: Silva Junior João José da , Colombo Alberto , Oliveira Geraldo Cézar , Silva Bruno Montoani , Eugênio José Eduardo Juliaci
Published: May 2020

In the last few years, many studies have been published by authors from several countries offering approximations and use of the inverse method. However, the unique environmental conditions and distinct properties of the tropical soils in Brazil require extra considerations and the need to adjust these methods to tropical soil conditions. Considering the above, this determined the parameters of the van Genuchten (1980) model (θs, θr, α, n) of the water retention curve in the soils. It also determined the parameter (Ks) of the soil’s hydraulic conductivity curve by solving an inverse problem using the HYDRUS-2D model, considering cumulative infiltration data collected in the field by means of an infiltration test using the tension infiltrometer. It then compared the hydraulic properties determined by these methods in relation to the standard laboratory method. The inverse method was able to efficiently determine the water retention curves in the soils here studied; however, it was not possible to reliably determine the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity curve.
Measuring Flourishing Among Internal Medicine and Psychiatry Residents
Authors: Kelly-Hedrick Margot , Rodriguez Madeline M. , Ruble Anne E. , Wright Scott M. , Chisolm Margaret S.
Published: May 2020

Background

Many residents experience burnout, prompting national attention to well-being; however, well-being is not merely the absence of burnout. A recently developed measure of flourishing may provide insight on this important topic.

Objective

We investigated flourishing in a sample of medical residents.

Methods

Internal medicine residents and psychiatry residents at 2 residency programs responded to a cross-sectional online survey (December 2017–February 2018), which focused on the Flourish Index (FI) and Secure Flourish Index (SFI). Both measures generate scores ranging from a low of 0 to a high of 10. Participants were queried about quality of life, burnout, work-life balance, empathic concern, and sociodemographic characteristics. Simple and multiple linear regressions were performed to examine the relationship between FI/SFI and other variables.

Results

The response rate was 92% (92 of 101). Participants were found to have a mean FI score of 6.8 (SD = 1.6) and mean SFI score of 6.9 (SD = 1.6). Low quality of life, low work-life balance satisfaction, high emotional exhaustion, lower empathic concern, and having a pet were all significantly associated with lower FI scores (R2 = 0.59; F[14, 69] = 7.10; P < .0001), indicating lesser flourishing, controlling for other variables. Similarly, low quality of life, high emotional exhaustion, lower empathic concern, and having a pet were all significantly associated with lower SFI scores (R2 = 0.55; F[14, 69] = 6.06; P < .0001), controlling for other variables.

Conclusions

In this sample, the flourishing indices were associated with well-being and burnout metrics.
Investigating Modality, Redundancy and Signaling Principles with Abstract and Concrete Representation
Authors: Kutbay Ekrem , Akpınar Yavuz
Published: May 2020

This study explored the effects of modality, redundancy, and signaling principles in multimedia learning with abstract and concrete representations of an animation on learning in real middle school settings. Based on these principles of the cognitive theory of multimedia learning, ten types of treatment conditions were tested with a pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental design. Data were collected from a large sample (n=826) sample of children with low prior electricity knowledge. Analyses showed that all treatments helped students to develop knowledge of the topic to some extent. However, while the modality effect holds true for middle school students’ studying electricity units with a multimedia instruction in real school settings, the signaling and redundancy principles do not hold true. The study also investigated interactions among prior science scores, prior knowledge about the topic, and multimedia treatments. Findings were discussed in relation to similar studies reported in the literature. Finally, the study raised a set of further research questions in the last section.
Teacher Level Factors and Student Achievement in a Cyber-Enabled Engineering Education Professional Development Program
Authors: Zakharov Wei , Strobel Johannes , Diefes-Dux Heidi
Published: May 2020

This study investigates the impact of an elementary engineering education teacher professional development program on student learning. The results show a significant increase in students’ knowledge in science from pre- to post-test as well as in engineering design from grade two to grade four. Further, the study uses multilevel modeling to quantitatively analyze the impact of differences among teachers on the engineering design achievement of their students. Different predictive relationships between demographic and social capital factors at the teacher level and student achievement are identified and implications for educational policymaking and practices are discussed.
The Institutional Isomorphism in the Context of Organizational Changes in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Cardona Mejía Liliana María , Pardo del Val Manuela , Dasí Coscollar Àngels
Published: May 2020

This article deals with the institutional theory and isomorphism, from the processes of organizational change in higher education institutions. In a first phase, we analyze, through a questionnaire, the situations and causes of change in higher education institutions (HEI), more precisely in the field knowledge of Physical Education in Colombia. Afterwards, through a multiple case study, we analyze both the pressures of the environment that force HEI to change and the types of isomorphism. The results show the existence of the three types of isomorphism in a process of change where the National and Institutional governments exert coercive pressures. Other HEIs in similar situations exert mimic isomorphism while Specialized groups within HEIs, exert normative isomorphism.
Promoting Proactive Behavior through Motivation: Required Math Lab Hours Case
Authors: Ait Maalem Lahcen Rachid , Mohapatra Ram
Published: May 2020

Requiring that students enrolled in college algebra to spend hours in a computer lab has been a practice in colleges and universities to improve success and retention. In part, because students come with different backgrounds, skills, and the computer lab environment allows for personalized supplemental instruction and tutoring. However, the way this practice may cause problems among students. Prior to this study, we realized that college algebra students are not pleased with having to wait outside the lab to get in and have to spend three hours per week to a receive a small credit. The wait time is due to the limited lab capacity that cannot house a large number of students when they visit at the last minute or right after a large class meeting. Hence, we attempted to stimulate a proactive behavior of visiting the lab early in the week through offering an incentive. It entails reducing the number of lab hours for the same credit after achieving a certain mastery. The results show that the students responded well to the modification. The final exam mean test shows that the modification was an improvement.
Investigation of Job Satisfaction and Burnout of Visual Arts Teachers
Authors: Kara Sema
Published: May 2020

In this study, it is aimed to examine the job satisfaction and burnout of visual arts teachers in terms of some variables. Based on the causal comparative method; job satisfaction and burnout of visual arts teachers were compared according to variables such as gender, age, marital status, professional seniority and school type. In addition, the relationship between job satisfaction and professional burnout of visual arts teachers was tried to be explained with correlational research design. The sample of the study consists of 308 visual arts teachers working in Ankara, Istanbul, Konya, Mersin, Eskisehir and Sanliurfa. The Maslach Burnout Inventory and Minnesota Job Satisfaction scales were used to collect the research data. According to the findings of the research, job satisfaction and burnout of visual arts teachers show significant differences according to gender, marital status, professional seniority and school type. In addition, there is a significant but negative relationship between visual arts teachers’ job satisfaction and burnout.
Relationships between Computational Thinking Skills, Ways of Thinking and Demographic Variables: A Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Özgür Hasan
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study is to determine the extent at which students' computational thinking (CT) skills are explained by certain variables. To this end, the existence of explanatory and predictive relationships between students’ CT skills and the variables in question has been examined and Structural Equation Model was employed for building a model in order to establish whether the variables predict students' CT skills or not. A correlational survey method was used in this research and the data collection tools of “Personal Information Form”, “Computational Thinking Skills Scale” and “Thinking Ways Scale” were administered to 405 students who were studying in 5th-12th grades in the 2018-2019 academic year in various schools in the Province of Edirne, Turkey. According to the research results, it was determined that CT skill was predicted by different ways of thinking; as well as other variables such as academic achievement in math, science and Information Technology (IT) courses, IT usage experience and level of education.
From Preschool to Elementary 4th Grade: The Follow-up Study of the Effect of Life-focused Foreign Language Acquisition Program
Authors: Uslu Banu
Published: May 2020

The present study examines the longitudinal effects of the Life-Focused Foreign Language Acquisition Program (LFFLAP) on children who were attending public preschool education. The sample of the study consists of two groups of students studying in a public school in the Selçuklu district of Konya.  During the follow-up period, the experimental group children did not receive any other English language education until the 2nd grade. The control group children, who never had any foreign language education, started to learn English in 2nd grade for the first time via the Ministry of National Education Program. The Life-Focused Foreign Language Acquisition Scale was used to assess the level of English language acquisition of students. Non-parametric statistical techniques were used to analyze the data. According to the results of the study, the meaningful differences between the control and experimental group students in the beginning disappeared gradually by the time they reached 4th grade. Based on the findings and results of this research elementary school foreign language classes can be increased from two hours a week to five hours a week (as in one hour a day) and the foreign language teachers can use the target language in their classes instead of the native one.
EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS MAIS QUE ENSINO, SOCIALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Silva Zélia Maria de Souza
Published: May 2020

Sabendo que a Educação de jovens e Adultos considera as características, os interesses, as condição de vida e trabalho dos alunos, se fez necessario uma pesquisa para que se compreenda todo o processo que envolve o ensino da EJA, neste fim será apresentado a evolução histórica do Ensino de Jovens e adultos no Brasil desde os anos 1920 até a atualidade, apresentando os pós e contra de cada período e suas evoluções. E quais os tipos de alunos que essa modalidade atende e como é desenvolvido os trabalhos do professor na EJA da Escola municipal Cristo Rei em Campestre de Goiás /GO. Todo o trabalho foi descrito utilizando fundamentos teóricos apresentando como ser aluno/professor nesta modalidade, e quais seus anseios, desejo, e objetivos. Foi realizado pesquisa de campo, sendo apresentado como os alunos vêem a escola.
A passagem dos revoltosos por Ponta Porã: um exame de escalas em narrativas coincidentes
Authors: Vargas Freire Paulo Cezar
Published: May 2020

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A religiosidade afro-brasileira na fronteira: os terreiros de Umbanda em Corumbá-MS
Authors: Marques Viegas Ana Claudia , Oliveira Martins Sérgio Ricardo
Published: May 2020

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Os Terena nas memórias e história de Aquidauana
Authors: Quelho de Castro Iára
Published: May 2020

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Expediente
Authors: Albuquerque: revista de história Editores de
Published: May 2020

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Memória política de José de Resende Costa Filho: imaginário do burocrata e Inconfidência Mineira (1789-1813)
Authors: Gomes Wederson de Souza , Chaves Cláudia Maria das Graças
Published: May 2020

O presente trabalho analisa a atuação de José Resende Costa Filho em duas perspectivas: 1) sua participação na Inconfidência Mineira; 2) sua reinserção na administração do Império luso-brasileiro, objetivando compreender aspectos políticos, econômicos, caráter republicano e independentista da sedição mineira.  Alguns autores, através dos Autos da Devassa, identificaram um projeto de Independência da América Portuguesa no levante, todavia não havia homogeneidade de ideias entre os partícipes do movimento. O próprio Resende Costa, no ano de 1810, ainda enxergaria como necessária uma relação de complementariedade entre a colônia e Portugal. O conselheiro, nesse sentido, ainda parecia ser mais afeito às ideias regeneradoras e monárquicas.
“Luto por justiça, pelo fim da impunidade, pela democracia, igualdade, liberdade e justiça”: a luta e a resistência de uma baiana pela anistia
Authors: Cavalcanti Junior Ary Albuquerque
Published: May 2020

O presente artigo busca apresentar brevemente a trajetória politica de Diva Santana, ex-presidente do grupo Tortura Nunca Mais-Bahia, cuja vida ganhou novo rumo apos a inserção de sua irmã Dinaelza Coqueiro na Guerrilha do Araguaia em 1973. Atuante politica ate os dias atuais, além de buscar reparação e encontrar os restos mortais de sua irmã, luta por justiça, uma justiça na qual enquadramos em transição. Dessa forma, levando em consideração as subjetividades dos relatos, algo permeado pela metodologia da historia oral, buscamos brevemente representar as memorias, seus confrontos e ressignificações a partir do que nos traz Diva Santana.
Apresentação do dossiê
Authors: Sebe Bom Meihy Murilo , Rodrigues Gomes Aguinaldo
Published: May 2020

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O abolicionismo como resistência ao extermínio da população negra
Authors: Oliveira Xavier Scudder Priscila de
Published: May 2020

Tomando a obra “A Democracia da Abolição”, da professora e filósofa Angela Davis como referência para a reflexão e também os dados do Mapa da Violência 2016 que se referem ao município de Rondonópolis/MT, este artigo propõe a discussão em torno das semelhanças entre a constituição e manifestação do racismo estadunidense e do brasileiro. Esta aproximação não tem o desejo de tomar modelos, mas de reconhecer a luta de homens e mulheres negros como pulsão para enfrentarmos nossos próprios desafios. O crescente aumento do extermínio da juventude negra, pobre e de periferia no Brasil, aponta para a urgência de organização de uma resistência popular, mas também intelectual, no sentido de enfrentar os discursos que legitimam a subalternidade, o encarceramento e até mesmo a escravização e extermínio do negro.
Editorial
Authors: Albuquerque: revista de história Editores de
Published: May 2020

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Ilha do Bananal: resistência e auto-organização da população em situação de rua na cidade de Cuiabá-MT
Authors: Borges Lopes Eliete , Passos Luiz Augusto
Published: May 2020

A tese aqui presente é a de que existe em Cuiabá uma comunidade em situação de rua que habita a Ilha do Bananal no Centro da Cidade e de que esta comunidade possui uma autoorganização a partir dos arte-fatos e afetos que mobilizam. Este fenômeno foi descrito a partir da pesquisa de campo exploratória e contou com o diálogo com moradores em situação de rua e descrição dos fenômenos que compõe a comunidade que habita a Ilha do Bananal. Os artefatos e afetos são uma maneira de dizer de toda uma cultura material e imaterial que envolve a vida da população em situação de rua que habita a Ilha do Bananal. A pesquisa revela que mesmo vivendo sob égide da vulnerabilidade a comunidade da Ilha do Bananal consegue resistir frente a fenômenos como a pobreza e a violência e que também possui potencial educativo, do ponto de vista da educação popular se fazer inerente à comunidade.
Expediente
Authors: Albuquerque: revista de história Editores de
Published: May 2020

Expediente de albuquerque: revista de história, v. 11, n. 22, jul. - dez. 2019.
"Somos o que somos, inclassificáveis!"
Authors: Almeida Monique Castro , Sousa Neto Miguel Rodrigues de
Published: May 2020

O período de 1969-74 é conhecido como Anos de Chumbo, uma referência à violência do governo Médici na repressão daqueles que se opunham à ditadura civil-militar. Foi um tempo marcado por forte repressão às organizações políticas e pela censura às produções artísticas. Em 1973, no bojo desse processo, a banda Secos & Molhados surgia como fenômeno mercadológico, trazendo uma disfarçada crítica à ditadura militar – e uma clara crítica aos costumes – no cenário musical brasileiro, vendendo milhares de discos e atraindo inúmeras pessoas aos seus shows. O grupo surpreendeu, sobretudo, por mesclar uma forte sensação de virilidade, não apenas por meio da voz, mas da performance, imprimindo ao espetáculo a ideia de dois pólos que se repelem e se atraem: masculino e feminino, homem e mulher. Assim, pretende-se, analisar a possibilidade de liberação sexual, em voga no Brasil, por meio da performance do grupo musical Secos & Molhados.
A histórica relação entre arte e antropologia
Authors: Ortiz Rosalvo Ivarra
Published: May 2020

Afim de tecer esta discussão é imprescindível corroborar que a arte tem sido um conceito, uma noção ou ainda uma categoria controversa para a teoria antropológica desde a sua formulação e (re)formulação e posterior engajamento epistemológico. Mediante isto, a Antropologia ficou muitas vezes entre o reconhecimento da singularidade cultural de objetos e práticas que não poderia qualificar como arte sem cair no etnocentrismo, reducionismo e esforço para compor tão amplas que incluem uma variedade de práticas humanas e não-humanas sobre os quadros comparativos da experiência estética. Para sair do espaço definido por estes dois discursos, Alfred Gell o principal propulsor da Antropologia da Arte moderna, sugeriu que a experiência da arte tem a ver com uma forma especial de atribuição de agência a objetos e imagens. Assim, podemos considerar que este fenômeno pode ser o ponto de partida para desenvolver uma verdadeira teoria antropológica da arte, construída sobre a especificidade e particularidade da disciplina e suas ferramentas conceituais. Por assim dizer, a abordagem levanta questões sobre a definição dos conceitos de agência, personalidade e materialidade que comprometem outras versões de análise crítica cultural. Portanto, o presente artigo buscar realizar uma investigação histórica do desenvolvimento da disciplina Antropologia da Arte, perpassando por diferentes teorias, tradições e perspectivas tendo como eixo propulsor a cultura material, arte e cosmologia Guarani de Mato Grosso do Sul.
A revolução dos costumes em tempos de censura
Authors: Alves Marcela dos Santos
Published: May 2020

Resenha do livro: SETEMY, Adrianna. Entre a revolução dos costumes e a ditadura militar: as dores e as cores de um país em convulsão. São Paulo: Letra e Voz, 2019.
Condenados da margem
Authors: Paula Éder Mendes de
Published: May 2020

Quando [Jairo] assassina duas crianças em Anápolis-GO no ano de 1977, tem sua individualidade marcada pelo delito, deixa de ser o indivíduo para se tornar o monstro. No entanto, as questões que envolvem a construção da monstruosidade são envoltas de narrativas acerca da fronteira entre normalidade e anormalidade e como cada sociedade constrói suas relações entre o crime e a loucura. Portanto, o louco infrator se torna aqui objeto para realizar uma leitura de uma sociedade que, violenta, precisava lidar com sujeitos duplamente categorizados e excluídos, possibilitando discutir sobre as relações de crime e violência em Goiás. Nesta perspectiva, aborda-se como determinados crimes são diretamente ligados à ideia de loucura e como a opinião pública participa deste processo de julgamento destes sujeitos e, de que maneiras a sociedade goiana enxergava ou mesmo lidava com o louco infrator, na ausência de um espaço para tratamento específico.
As construções e representações da maternidade e adolescer
Authors: Giuliani Carla Denari , Puga Vera Lúcia , Duarte Bruna Aparecida Rodrigues
Published: May 2020

A vida adulta alterou-se muito nas sociedades ocidentais modernas. Neste viés esse artigo tem objetivo de compreender como a construção e representações da maternidade se desconstroem no adolescer. Observamos que apesar do pensamento “hegemônico”, de erro ou problema traduzido pela mídia, pelos programas de saúde e pelo mundo contemporâneo, as pessoas resistem e reescrevem novos juízos de valores em relação à adolescência e a gravidez.
Novos olhares e diferentes abordagens sobre a história indígena
Authors: Vargas Vera Lucia Ferreira , Silva Amanda Ximenes da
Published: May 2020

O presente artigo tem como tema central os trabalhos desenvolvidos pelos pesquisadores indígenas de Mato Grosso do Sul, inseridos nos diferentes programas de pós-graduação das universidades brasileiras. Trata-se de uma pesquisa em fase inicial que está em desenvolvimento, tendo por objetivo identificar e analisar as produções acadêmicas realizadas pelos pesquisadores indígenas de Mato Grosso do Sul. Nessa perspectiva, foram selecionados os estudos culturais como campo teórico para compreender as diferentes ações desenvolvidas pelos povos indígenas marcados pela diferença e alteridade, possibilitando, assim, a desconstrução de discursos coloniais que inferiorizam os povos indígenas alvos de estereótipos como se houvesse, de fato, sociedades com saberes superiores. Portanto, as informações ora apresentadas são de caráter inicial, cujo principal objetivo é o de compartilhar os conhecimentos sobre o tema.
Os Povos Alto-xinguanos e o modelo assistencial em saúde operacionalizado em contextos de intermedicalidade
Authors: Araújo Reginaldo Silva de
Published: May 2020

A pesquisa etnográfica aqui apresentada foi realizada no Polo-Base Leonardo Villas Bôas – Terra Indígena do Xingu. Concluiu-se, que além das dificuldades encontradas pelos profissionais de saúde responsáveis pela atenção primaria em saúde, que parecem inerentes ao próprio modelo estruturado nas áreas indígenas pelo DSEI-Xingu e a conveniada IPEAX, somam-se outras, como a não formação/capacitação dos profissionais para lidarem com outros sistemas de pensamento, ou com práticas de horizontes semânticos antagônicos em contextos considerados de intermedicalidade. Para Greene (1998) e Follér (2004), contextos de intermedicalidade emergem da relação colonial, caracterizado por assimetrias de poder nas relações interétnicas e pela hegemonia da biomedicina.