bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diurnal variation in the proinflammatory activity of urban fine particulate matter (PM2.5) by in vitro assays
Authors: Lovett Christopher , Cacciottolo Mafalda , Shirmohammadi Farimah , Haghani Amin , Morgan Todd E. , Sioutas Constantinos , Finch Caleb E.
Published: May 2018

Background: Ambient particulate matter (PM) smaller than 2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5) undergoes diurnal changes in chemical composition due to photochemical oxidation. In this study we examine the relationships between oxidative activity and inflammatory responses associated with these diurnal chemical changes. Because secondary PM contains a higher fraction of oxidized PM species, we hypothesized that PM2.5 collected during afternoon hours would induce a greater inflammatory response than primary, morning PM2.5.

Methods: Time-integrated aqueous slurry samples of ambient PM2.5 were collected using a direct aerosol-into-liquid collection system during defined morning and afternoon time periods. PM2.5 samples were collected for 5 weeks in the late summer (August-September) of 2016 at a central Los Angeles site. Morning samples, largely consisting of fresh primary traffic emissions (primary PM), were collected from 6-9am (am-PM2.5), and afternoon samples were collected from 12-4pm (pm-PM2.5), when PM composition is dominated by products of photochemical oxidation (secondary PM). The two diurnally phased PM2.5 slurries (am- and pm-PM2.5) were characterized for chemical composition and BV-2 microglia were assayed in vitro for oxidative and inflammatory gene responses.

Results: Contrary to expectations, the am-PM2.5 slurry had more proinflammatory activity than the pm-PM2.5 slurry as revealed by nitric oxide (NO) induction, as well as the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and CCL2 (MCP-1), as assessed by messenger RNA production.

Conclusions: The diurnal differences observed in this study may be in part attributed to the greater content of transition metals and water-insoluble organic carbon (WIOC) of am-PM2.5 (primary PM) vs. pm-PM2.5 (secondary PM), as these two classes of compounds can increase PM2.5 toxicity.
The NC3Rs gateway: Accelerating scientific discoveries with new 3Rs models and technologies
Authors: Percie du Sert Nathalie , Robinson Vicky
Published: May 2018

This editorial introduces the NC3Rs gateway, which publishes articles and reviews on new models and technologies emerging from NC3Rs-funded research. The aim is to raise awareness about these approaches, increase confidence in their capability, and provide sufficient information to facilitate their uptake by others.
Budget Feasible Procurement Auctions
Authors: Anari Nima , Goel Gagan , Nikzad Afshin
Published: May 2018

We consider a simple and well-studied model for procurement problems and solve it to optimality. A buyer with a fixed budget wants to procure, from a set of available workers, a budget feasible subset that maximizes her utility: Any worker has a private reservation price and provides a publicly known utility to the buyer in case of being procured. The buyer’s utility function is additive over items. The goal is designing a direct revelation mechanism that solicits workers’ reservation prices and decides which workers to recruit and how much to pay them. Moreover, the mechanism has to maximize the buyer’s utility without violating her budget constraint. We study this problem in the prior-free setting; our main contribution is finding the optimal mechanism in this setting, under the “small bidders” assumption. This assumption, also known as the “small bid to budget ratio assumption,” states that the bid of each seller is small compared with the buyer’s budget. We also study a more general class of utility functions: submodular utility functions. For this class, we improve the existing mechanisms significantly under our assumption.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2017.1693 .
Extending Signaling Theory to Rhetorical Signals: Evidence from Crowdfunding
Authors: Steigenberger Norbert , Wilhelm Hendrik
Published: May 2018

Firms often need to acquire external financial resources to maintain and develop their business. To attract these resources, firms employ various substantive and rhetorical signals, such as publishing press releases, showcasing prototypes of new products, and hiring renowned managers. However, despite the relevance of signals, we still know little about how they interact—whether they strengthen, weaken, or neutralize one another—in attracting resources. Traditional signaling theory downplays the importance of rhetoric while management research acknowledges its relevance, creating a disconnect between these two camps and a shortcoming that deserves further investigation. To address this shortcoming, we advance the concept of signal portfolios. Signal portfolios may combine rhetorical signals with substantive signals. We employ this concept to explain how the interaction of the two affects financial resource acquisition in high-noise environments—settings where firms send multiple signals simultaneously. Based on longitudinal data on crowdfunding, an exemplary high-noise environment, we find that rhetorical signals complement substantive signals in certain situations and, thus, strengthen their impact on a firm’s financial resource acquisition. Contrary to our expectations, however, we find that under specific conditions, rhetorical signals may also weaken the impact of substantive signals. Our research has implications for signaling theory, crowdfunding research, and management practice.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2017.1195 .
Improving access to higher education for frontline health professionals in Kenya through ‘blended e-learning’
Authors: Matiang'i Micah , Kibwage Isaac , Ngatia Peter , Omoni Grace , Kiarie James , Bosire Kefa , Inyama Hannah , Muiruri Felarmine
Published: May 2018

Background:

The majority of Kenya's population lives in rural areas with limited access to higher education. A blended ‘eBSc Nursing’ programme was created to bridge the gap.

Aims:

To explore users' views on the effectiveness of the pilot blended e-learning BSc Nursing programme in Kenya.

Methods:

A mixed methods approach was used in data collection. All students in the pilot eBsc Nursing programme were sampled and focus group discussions were held with lecturers and mentors.

Findings:

The majority of the pilot cohort (84%) were satisfied with the quality of training and the inherent flexibility of the model. Offline e-learning sites were only accessible to 64% of learners. Limited ICT skills among lecturers were a concern to 46% of the respondents. Trainers were of the opinion that the in-service eLearners either performed at equal to or better than conventionally-trained BscN students.

Conclusions:

There was a positive user response to the eBscN upgrading programme. Learner support systems required more strengthening to deliver on desired objectives.
The root diagram for one-point AG codes arising from certain curves with separated variables
Authors: Fornasiero Federico , Tizziotti Guilherme
Published: May 2018

Heegard, Little and Saints introduced in [8] an encoding algorithm for a class of AG codes via Gröbner

basis more compact compared with the usual encoding via generator matrix. So, knowing that the

main drawback of Gröbner basis is the high computational cost required for its calculation, in [12],

the same authors introduced the concept of root diagram that allows the construction of an algorithm

for computing a Gröbner basis with a lower complexity for one-point Hermitian codes. In [4], Farrán,

Munuera, Tizziotti and Torres extended the results obtained in [12] for codes on norm-trace curves.

In this work we generalize these results by constructing the root diagram for codes arising from certain

curves with separated variables that has certain special automorphism and a Weierstrass semigroup

generated by two elements. Such family of curves includes the norm-trace curve, among other curves

with recent applications in coding theory.
The Degeneration of the Vestibular Efferent Neurons After Intratympanic Gentamicin Administration
Authors: Wu Qianru , Zhang Yibo , Dai Chunfu , Kong Yu , Pan Lijun
Published: May 2018

Intratympanic gentamicin (ITG) has been used to treat refractory Ménière’s disease. Disequilibrium after ITG was still a challenge for some patients, and the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Our previous study demonstrated that gentamicin distributed in the bilateral vestibular efferent neurons (VEN) after ITG; however, does it lead to VEN damage and cause further disequilibrium in patients following ITG? In this study, we observed severe damaged gentamicin-positive neurons of VEN and severe fractured myelin layer plates around neural fibers when viewed under transmission electron microscopy at day 3 after ITG. At day 30, neurons of VEN presented with relatively normal structures. Compared with the control group, the total number of choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) immunolabeling neurons in bilateral VEN showed a significant decrease both at day 3 and day 30. However, there was no significant difference in the total number of CHAT immunolabeling neurons between day 3 and day 30. It indicates that gentamicin is not only retrogradely transported into bilateral VEN, but also results in the degeneration of VEN after ITG. These findings may be related to patients’ disequilibrium symptom after ITG. Furthermore, we speculate that VEN may play a role in vestibular compensation.
Teachers as role models in the political socialization process: How a good student–teacher relationship can compensate for gender differences in students’ gender equality attitudes
Authors: Sampermans Dorien , Claes Ellen
Published: May 2018

The social justice teaching theory describes how teachers can transfer equality attitudes to their students. According to this theory, teachers are important role models in the political socialization process. Starting from an unequal disposition of equality attitudes between boys and girls, this article analyses how teachers can bring equality to the classroom by compensating for different attitudes on the topic of gender equality. We first discuss how teachers can influence equality attitudes, comparable to the influence by parents’ socialization. Second, we assess whether teachers can compensate for differences in equality attitudes. Parallel to the evidence from studies on parental socialization, we expect teachers with better student–teacher relationships in particular to be able to transfer equality attitudes better. For the analyses, we use the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS), an important study of 14-year-olds’ civic knowledge, attitudes and engagement. We use data from seven European countries and the Greek part of Cyprus (1160 schools and 24,087 students). To take the multilevel structure of this data into account, the analysis included a multilevel analysis (MLwiN). As expected we found a positive association between student–teacher relationships and equality attitudes. We also find that a good student–teacher relationship can compensate for attitudinal differences. By assessing adolescents’ equality attitudes, we conclude that teachers can close an attitudinal gender gap.
Civic literacy through literacy instruction: Using Structured Academic Controversy in a government classroom
Authors: Lo Jane C. , Adams Carol I.
Published: May 2018

We present how working with text in the classroom can promote civic literacy aims by adapting and studying a well-known instructional method in Social Studies classrooms called Structured Academic Controversy (SAC). Not only do SACs give students an opportunity to engage in this form of deliberation, it also requires students to first become well informed on the topic (an important aspect of civic literacy) through close reading of text. Such text-based discussion is even more important in promoting comprehension when the texts are dense and complex (e.g. the US Constitution, SCOTUS decisions). In this paper, we propose that to obtain civic literacy, students need to gain a deeper understanding of crucial civic knowledge and information through texts and to evaluate how the information might best serve a democratic society.
O fator religioso nos conflitos
Authors: Pires Nuno Lemos
Published: May 2018

O religioso sempre foi e é um fator explorado, manipulado, exacerbado, mal interpretado, mas, muitas das vezes, central nas causas e explicações de muita da conflitualidade e das guerras, passadas, atuais e futuras. Neste texto, procuraremos enquadrar a importância deste fator na história, de acordo com a circunstância geopolítica, na forma como se entende, diferencia e aplica, tanto na sociedade como nas escolhas políticas de cada Estado. Por último, tentaremos analisar a importância do papel das instituições públicas, e em especial dos exércitos, na gestão da violência e na garantia da paz.
[Review] TAUSIET, María, Urban Magic in Early Modern Spain: Abracadabra Omnipotens
Authors: Leitão J. Vieira
Published: May 2018

https://doi.org/10.14195/2183-8925_36_17
[Recensão a] PEREIRA, Halpern Pereira, A Primeira República Portuguesa. Na fronteira do liberalismo e da democracia
Authors: Neto Vítor
Published: May 2018

https://doi.org/10.14195/2183-8925_36_18
To be a jew in today’s world
Authors: Mucznik Esther
Published: May 2018

What is it to be a Jew in today’s world? It is first of all to be part of the human species, one and indivisible. But it is also to share a common inheritance of their own: first, the Jewish religious tradition, that is expressed and fulfilled in a very different way but in which all Jews recognize themselves. And simultaneously to inherit a millennial history that carves its identity essence, handed down from generation to generation. But history indelibly marks peoples and the Jewish people are no exception. This text tries to show how the geographic, political, civilizational and cultural space where we are located influences decisively in the Jewish character and ends up being part of its «interior statue».
A religiosidade medieval como campo de trabalho historiográfico: perspetivas recentes
Authors: Rosa Maria de Lurdes
Published: May 2018

O artigo propõe-se caracterizar e discutir a historiografia recente sobre o tema da religiosidade no período medieval, apresentando e comentando trabalhos considerados ilustrativos do que se considera como a tendência mais criativa e interessante do campo – a construção e uso de um conceito analítico de religiosidade medieval que respeite exigências teóricas atuais. Os trabalhos apresentados foram agrupados em quatro campos temáticos, a saber: as reconfigurações da História antropológica; a História das emoções; a vivência leiga da religião; a história da instituição Igreja e da eclesiologia. Antecede esta exposição uma reflexão epistemológica em torno de questões basilares da construção historiográfica, aqui especificamente aplicada à história da religiosidade na Época medieval (conceitos, teorias, materiais, crítica às «grandes narrativas» e ao medievalismo que envolve o tema).
A familial case of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with a mutation in the PTF1A gene
Authors: Svetlova Galina N. , Kuraeva Tamara L. , Sechko Elena A. , Peterkova Valentina A.
Published: May 2018

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a genetically heterogeneous disease, and some cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are caused by a mutation of one gene. The child has suffered from brittle diabetes since the age of 1 year and received insulin. The HbA1c level is 9.9—11.4%. The patient was examined at the age of 14 years; the disease duration is 13 years. The daily dose of insulin is 1.15—1.35 U/kg. DM complications include initial manifestations of distal diabetic polyneuropathy as well as cheiropathy. The mother (39 years) and grandmother (74 years) have T1DM with multiple complications. A genetic study revealed that all three family members had a heterozygous substitution p.P274 in the PTF1A gene with an unknown pathological significance.
At present, it can not be asserted that the identified mutation is the etiologic factor of diabetes in the described case. We can not exclude T1DM in this child because specific antibodies have not been tested. However, the mutation is detected in all three members of the same family with diabetes, which does not exclude the discovery of a new form of MODY, not described earlier.
Monitoring of insulin pump therapy in children, adolescents, and young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the Russian Federation
Authors: Laptev Dmitry N. , Pereverzeva Svetlana V. , Emelyanov Andrey O. , Peterkova Valentina A.
Published: May 2018

Background. Insulin pump therapy in increasingly frequently used in the Russian Federation in recent years, which requires an evaluation of the treatment in order to improve its efficacy and safety.
Objective — the study was aimed at complex monitoring (long-term efficacy and safety, state of medical care, factors associated with metabolic control, and factors hindering its use) of the continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in children, adolescents, and young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) from various regions of the Russian Federation.
Material and methods. Data of 395 DM1 children and adolescents from 60 regions of the Russian Federation were collected from the pediatric CSII register of the Endocrinology Research Center. The following data were analyzed in different age groups (0 to 7 years, 8 to 11 years, 12 to 17 years, and 18 to 25 years): glycemic control, the incidence of acute complications, discontinuation of CSII, characteristic features of blood glucose monitoring, and supplies coverage.
Results. Initiation of CSII is accompanied by decrease in HbA1c level with the lowest values within the period from 6 to 24 months (–0.7±1.5% compared to the baseline level). However, 6 years after CSII initiation, HbA1c values do not differ significantly from the baseline values. The target HbA1c level (less than 7.5%) is observed in 43.6% of children aged 0 to 7 years, 32.7% of children aged 8 to 11 years, 24.2% of adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, and 28% of young adults aged 18 to 25 years. Regular self-monitoring of glycemia, 4 and more times per day, was performed by 83% of patients, while the frequency of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was low, 12.7% in the whole population. The incidence of acute complications in children and adolescents under 18 years did not differ significantly and the lowest incidence was observed in the age group 18 to 25 years. The effectiveness of CSII depended on the frequency of self-monitoring, CGM use, and supplies coverage. CSII discontinuation rate was 4.6 cases per 100 patient-years. The main reasons for discontinuation of CSII included the inconvenience of its use and the cost of supplies.
Conclusions. Many children and the majority of adolescents with DM1, who use CSII, did not reach target HbA1c level despite the adequate self-monitoring. Many patients do not use CGM and refuse CSII. This necessitates the efforts to improve the efficacy and overcome barriers to the use of CGM and CSII.
Bone and joint structural impairments in acromegaly
Authors: Tsoriev Timur T. , Belaya Zhanna E.
Published: May 2018

Elevated serum levels of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in patients with acromegaly result in intensified bone turnover, as evidenced by increased levels of bone remodeling markers and higher risk of low-traumatic vertebral fractures. However, it was repeatedly observed that bone mineral density (BMD) is normal or even increased in patients with acromegaly (including the active stage of the disease). Increased secretion of GH/IGF-1 causes structural changes in the vertebrae and peripheral joints (osteophyte formation and cartilage hypertrophy), resulting in pain and various deformities of the articular system. These changes are known under the common name «acromegalic arthropathy». It is quite specific complication of the disease. Skeletal complications of acromegaly can persist even after radical treatment, i.e., their course and progression, presumably, do not necessarily depend on the remission level of the underlying disease. This review summarizes the current understanding of the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of osteo-articular complications of acromegaly.
Empedocles’ Emulation of Anaxagoras and Pythagoras (D.L. 8. 56)
Authors: Panchenko Dmitri
Published: May 2018

Diogenes Laertius cites Alcidamas for the statement that Empedocles emulated Anaxagoras and Pythagoras in his dignity of bearing and the philosophy of nature. Contrary to the standard view, I shall argue that Alcidamas made Empedocles imitate Anaxagoras in his manners and Pythagoras in his teaching.
Philosopher in the market square: Probing the statement ‘I was misled’
Authors: Olatunji Cyril-Mary Pius , Koenane Mojalefa L. J.
Published: May 2018

Traditionally, such a statement as ‘I was misled’ is intended to be taken seriously by the addressee and considered an expression of the true state of affairs. Unfortunately, the statement has many logical implications that often go unnoticed by both the one who utters it and the addressee. The paper critically explores the instrumentality of logical and epistemological analyses in its attempt to lay bare the implications of the statement being true and of entertaining the underlying belief in the first place that ‘I was misled’. By so doing, the paper attempts to show that even if the function of philosophy is merely to analyse language, it would still have contributed indispensably and significantly to human society by clarifying ambiguous concepts. It also attempts to demonstrate the relevance of critical thinking in human society.
Exploring new types of intensive motherhood in the Czech Republic
Authors: Marková Volejníčková Romana
Published: May 2018

Intensive motherhood (IM) has become an established social norm in many countries, especially Western ones. Centred upon the mother providing lengthy full-time, intensive care focused on the child’s needs, these social norms can be seen in the actions of mothers in diverse social locations. However, recent research has demonstrated that women’s ability to engage in IM is affected by factors like education, race, ethnicity, religion or socioeconomic status as well as by cultural and structural conditions. The goal of this paper is to analyse IM in the Czech context by focusing on factors that most affect a mother’s ability to engage in IM. Biographical interviews were held with 17 mothers, and the following three areas were discussed most in their narratives: (a) use of information on childrearing, (b) attitude to paid employment and juggling family and work, and (c) the financial, mental and emotional costs of motherhood.
AN IMPROVED PERTURB AND OBSERVE MPPT ALGORITHM WITH VARIABLE STEP
Authors: Popescu S.
Published: May 2018

The algorithm for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) using a fixed is widely used because of its simplicity and easyness to implement. This paper presents an improvement consisting in a variable step (VS) applied to the standard Hill Climbing MPPT technique to improve both accuracy and tracking speed. Drawbacks will still be encountered in VS tracking algorithms, between response time and power oscillation.
INFORMATION-INSTRUMENTAL TOOLS OF MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
Authors: Krapivin Vladimir F. , Nitu Costică , Mkrtchyan Ferdenant A. , Soldatov Vladimir Yu. , Dobrescu Anda Sabena
Published: May 2018

Informational capabilities of microwave and optical tools for environmental monitoring are assessed when they are located on the mobile platforms. This paper presents new approach to the combined use of microwave and optical sensors as basic elements of environmental monitoring system architecture oriented on the registration of information about characteristics of hydrological and hydrochemical objects. Geoecological in-formation-modeling system (GIMS) is proposed as the GIS generalization with regard to the solution of series of the tasks arising in the agriculture, water quality assessment and operational diagnostics of stressful natural processes. Algorithms and models are characterized to be as the GIMS components that realize the decision making procedures providing the monitoring regime optimization and reconstruction of spatial image of the controlled environmental object using anisotropic data fluxes. Functional characteristics of several mobile platforms equipped by microwave radiometers are given as tools for the monitoring of hydrological objects. Two optical instruments are represented and their functions are characterized.
TRANSIENT STATE CHARACTERIZATION OF ASYNCHRONOUS MOTORS IN MODERN LOW-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC INSTALLATIONS
Authors: Cazacu Emil , Ioniţă Valentin , Petrescu Lucian
Published: May 2018

: Low-voltage asynchronous motor is the most common load used in any industrial electric facility. Due to their robustness and reliability, the induction motors have a very large application spectrum and are to be found in a variety of power units. It is assumed that over 70% of total energy used in any electric utility is dedicated to the electric motor drive systems. The paper quantitatively studies the transient state of such motors, which occurs at their start-up. The waveforms characteristics of these inrush currents are predetermined mainly by solving the associated differential equations that describe the dynamic phenomena at their start-up. An experimental investigation on an induction motor of 4 kW is also carried out. Supplementary, different solutions for the energising of these low-voltage motors are presented highlighting their performances and limits. These methods are critically rated according to their mitigation ability of the power quality issues associated with the energizing process.
BONEBRIDGE – ACTIVE BONE CONDUCTION HEARING AID
Authors: Georgescu Madalina , Budu V. , Vrinceanu Daniela , Cernea Magdalena
Published: May 2018

For individuals with conductive or mixed hearing loss, a bone conduction system can be a very effective treatment option. These systems bypass the outer and middle ear to send sound vibrations directly to the cochlea. This offers a natural sound quality for recipients. BONEBRIDGE is the first active, intact skin hearing implant for bone conduction stimulation, ideal for moderate to severe conduction hearing losses. It is a semi-implantable system, consisting of a surgical implantable part and an externally worn audio processor. Biomaterials used proved their safety, with very low rate of medical complications (skin infections, chronic suppurative otitis media, biofilm formation or extrusion).
AUTONOMY OF ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS. TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS BASED ON STORAGE OF ELECTRIC ENERGY
Authors: Vasile Nicolae , Tene Bogdan , Nedelschi Andrei , Fidel Nicolae , Craiu Ionuţ
Published: May 2018

The paper deals with the concept of autonomy of electrical systems, which is becoming more and more present, in the context in which the electric-non-electric relation existing on the market is constantly changing in favor of electricity. The factors influencing this trend come from imposing the principles of Sustainable Development, the exhaustiveness of fossil forms of energy, technological advances in the electrical and electronic components industry and their connection with computers. Evolution of Smart Grid, Smart Grid, Smart City, Smart Building, Smart Transport, etc. provides a global electronic system that will power and control most of the economic activity.
ETHNIC PARTIES:DEFINITION AND CLASSIFICATION
Authors: Berat David
Published: May 2018

The article is about defining ethnic parties and their classification. We define and discuss the terms politics, political party, ethnis group and ethnical party. We state differences about the traditional model of politics and the modern one. We analyze the importance of the political parties in representing the political rights of the people and what is needed so a political party can be established in the Republic of Macedonia. Also we show how to determine which party is an ethnical party and show a number of ethnic parties in Republic of Macedonia using the name of the party as an indicator. In this part we discuss the indicators and we state that good indicator is the program of the election campaign of the party. But still this is not 100% sure indicator if the party is ethnical. We concluded this because there are a lot of examples when the ruling party before the start of the election campaign does a research about the ethnical groups and after the research makes projects meant for the ethnic groups so the party can get the votes from the chosen ethnicity. At the end we concluded that the programs and the statues of the political parties are the best indicators and answer if a political party is a non-ethnical, multi-ethnical or ethnical political party.
Fatores de risco para a mortalidade perinatal: uma revisão integrativa.
Authors: Migoto Michelle Thais , Freire Marcia Helena de Souza , Barros Ana Paula de Moares Maia
Published: May 2018

Objetivo: identificar os fatores de risco para mortalidade perinatal discutidos nas publicações científicas. Método: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, realizada em maio de 2015, com publicações do período de 2010 a 2014, utilizando os descritores “mortalidade perinatal” ou “perinatal mortality” e “fatores de risco” ou “risck factors”, em cinco bases de dados. Resultados: Foram selecionados 18 artigos, dos quais emergiram três blocos de variáveis: 1) Maternas: idade, escolaridade, violência física, situação socioeconômica, multiparidade e gestação gemelar; 2) Assistenciais: atendimento pré-natal, local de nascimento e tipo de parto; 3) Recém-nascidos: peso ao nascer, idade gestacional e índice de Ápgar. Considerações Finais: Os fatores de risco apresentados e discutidos são os mesmos de conhecimento já divulgado para os profissionais de saúde, não houve apresentação de novas variáveis. Fato que confirma a importância das variáveis apresentadas e a de estudos temáticos inovadores que possam subsidiar a gestão em saúde.
Experiência do adulto jovem com a doença renal crônica
Authors: Da Costa Viegas Aline , Manfrin Muniz Rosani , Schwartz Eda , Könzgen Meincke Sonia Maria , Pozza dos Santos Bianca , Habekost Cardoso Daniela
Published: May 2018

Objetivo: conhecer o cotidiano do adulto jovem com a doença renal crônica em tratamento hemodialítico. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva, realizada com oito informantes em um serviço de nefrologia e no domicílio em um município no Sul do Brasil, no período de junho a agosto de 2013. Utilizou-se como referencial teórico, conceitos relacionados aos aspectos culturais de Madelaine Leininger e Clifford Geertz e os instrumentos para a coleta de dados foram a entrevista narrativa, a observação assistemática e o diário de campo. Resultados: os informantes estabeleceram uma nova história, devido à convivência cotidiana com a doença, apresentando modificações nos hábitos alimentares, hídricos, atividades diárias, laborais, lazer e sexual. A dependência de outras pessoas também foi mencionada. As fontes de apoio estiveram presentes nas narrativas. Considerações finais: os adultos jovens nessa condição de adoecimento construíram um novo modo de viver baseado em sua cultura, mantendo normas, valores e crenças.
O uso de tecnologias para a qualificação da assistência de enfermagem: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: CARVALHO LISA ANTUNES , THOFEHRN MAIRA BUSS , AMESTOY SIMONE COELHO , NUNES NARA JACI DA SILVA , FERNANDES HELEN NICOLETTI
Published: May 2018

Objetivo: conhecer a produção científica sobre o uso das tecnologias no trabalho em enfermagem. Método: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa que se deu nos meses de outubro de 2014 a abril de 2015, nas bases de dados da PubMed e BDENF. Seguiram-se os passos sugeridos por Mendes; Silveira e Galvão para organização dos dados. Foram selecionados 25 artigos que atenderam a questão de pesquisa: qual a produção científica sobre o uso das tecnologias no trabalho da enfermagem nos últimos cinco anos? Resultados: os avanços e instrumentos tecnológicos se constituem ferramentas inovadoras para um cuidado de qualidade. A compreensão sobre o uso das tecnologias na enfermagem possibilita um saber-fazer mais seguro e confiável. Conclusão: conhecer o universo das tecnologias é essencial para o entendimento de que estas ferramentas são adjuvantes no cuidado e não protagonistas do mesmo.
MASCULINIDADES DANÇANTES EM PELOTAS/RS
Authors: De Oliveira Duarte Gustavo
Published: May 2018

Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Curso de Dança da UFPel e investigou as relações entre Dança, Gênero e Sexualidade entre bailarinos de escolas de dança. A metodologia constou de um questionário com questões abertas em três espaços de dança da cidade. Como resultados destacaram-se: o ballet clássico foi a preferência entre os bailarinos, seguido de danças urbanas e danças de salão; a maioria dos bailarinos afirmou ser heterossexual, seguido de um grupo que se identificou como homossexual. A maioria dos bailarinos relatou que sofre, ou sofreu, algum tipo de preconceito e alguns estilos de dança foram associados às questões de classe social e etnia. DANCING MASCULINITIES IN PELOTAS/RS.Abstract: This research was developed in the Dance Course of the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) and investigated the relationships between dance, gender and sexuality among dancers in dance schools. The methodology consisted of a questionnaire with open ended questions in three dance spaces of the city. As a result, the following stands out: classical ballet was the preference among dancers, followed by urban dances and ballroom dancing; most of the dancers claimed to be heterosexual, followed by a group that identified themselves as homosexual. Most dancers reported that they suffer, or suffer from, some kind of bias and some dance styles were associated with issues of social class and ethnicity.
A DISSOLUÇÃO DA PAISAGEM: IMAGEM, ESPAÇO E ATMOSFERA NA VÍDEO-INSTALAÇÃO
Authors: Machado Oliveira Andréia
Published: May 2018

O presente artigo trata da dissolução da paisagem como representação para a condição de lugar e atmosfera no contexto da vídeo-instalação. Parte da pintura de paisagens clássica e romântica até a abstração em Turner, chegando ao ambiente moderno do cinema, da Land art e das instalações. Articulando essas referências, aplica conceitos de Walter Benjamin e Gilles Deleuze a respeito da narrativa cinematográfica, tendo como fundo as noções de duração, intensidade, tempo e espaço em Bergson.THE DISSOLUTION OF LANDSCAPE: IMAGE, SPACE AND ATMOSPHERE IN VIDEO INSTALLATION Abstract: This paper deals with the dissolution of landscape as a representation for atmosphere and place in video installation. Initially, we review Classical and Romantic landscape up to J.M.W. Turner’s abstractions, followed by a discussion of landscape in its modern contexts in cinema, Land art and installation. While reflecting on these references and considering narrative cinematography, we call upon concepts in Walter Benjamin and Gilles Deleuze, basing our reflection on the notions of duration, intensity, time and space in Henri Bergson.
Factors Determining Night Rest and the Quality of Nursing Care for a Patient in a Neurological Ward
Authors: Marć Małgorzata , Fąfara Anna , Gajdek Małgorzata , Krakowiak Anna
Published: May 2018

Introduction. The duration of hospitalization in a neurological ward depends on the medical diagnosis and the patient’s state of health. Because of the variety of symptoms from the nervous system, nurse practitioners provide 24 hours care for their patients, fulfilling their professional duties. The family is also included in the care of the patient during the day. At night, the patient is mainly under the care of a nurse, which on the one hand, is a period of sleep and rest, and on the other hand, the risk of health deficiencies is increased.Aim. The purpose of this paper is to present the patient’s opinion about the factors determining night rest in the ward and the quality of nursing care provided at night.Material and Methods. A diagnostic survey was the research method, and the survey was the technique applied. The tools applied consisted of: Author Survey Questionnaire and Care Satisfaction Scale (Newcastle). The study was performed in a group of 98 patients of the clinical neurological Clinic in Rzeszów. The study covered the factors negatively affecting the patient’s night time rest in hospital and the nurse’s assessment of nursing and therapeutic tasks performed during the night. Patients with the score exceeding 6 in the Hodgkinson test 6 were included in the study.Results. The factors hindering/disrupting the night rest were listed by the patients in the following order: snoring of other patients, pain, uncomfortable bed, morning temperature measurements, medical acts and others. The least disturbing factor was the staff’s talks. In assessing the quality of nursing care provided during the night, the highest scores were obtained by the following activities performed by nurses: satisfying needs to create a sense of security, providing medical care at scheduled time and satisfying the need for sleep and rest at night or the opportunity to talk to a nurse.Conclusions. 1) The discomfort caused by factors affecting the night rest in the assessment of the patient is on the average level. 2) Overall assessment of nursing care by patients in both aspects the “experience” of nursing care and “satisfaction” was high. (JNNN 2017;6(4):143–149)
Elements of Photography
Authors: Glebova Aglaya
Published: May 2018

This essay traces the evolution of landscape imagery in Aleksandr Rodchenko’s photographic oeuvre, focusing especially on images produced during his journalistic trip to the White Sea-Baltic Canal, one of the first Soviet forced labor camps. Through close reading of photographs, it argues that Rodchenko’s abandonment of avant-garde aesthetics, in particular the emphasis on photography’s transformative powers and its medium-specificity, in these images did not represent a shift toward socialist realism but, rather, held critical potential in the face of contemporaneous official censure of formalism and “contemplation” in both science and art.
Mortality in acromegaly decreased in the last decade: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bolfi F , Neves A F , Boguszewski C L , Nunes-Nogueira V S
Published: May 2018

Objective

To compare the acromegaly mortality rates with those expected for the general population from studies published before and after 2008.

Methods

We performed a systematic review and included observational studies in which the number of deaths observed in acromegaly was compared with the expected mortality for the general population mortality observed/expected (O/E). The following electronic databases were used as our data sources: EMBASE, MEDLINE and LILACS. From the observed and expected deaths, we recalculated all standardized mortality ratios (SMR) and their respective confidence intervals (95% CI), which were plotted in a meta-analysis using the software RevMan 5.3.

Results

We identified 2303 references, and 26 studies fulfilled our eligibility criteria. From the 17 studies published before 2008, the mortality in acromegaly was increased, while from the nine studies published after 2008, the mortality was not different from the general population (SMR: 1.35, CI: 0.99–1.85). In six studies where somatostatin analogs (SAs) were used as adjuvant treatment, acromegaly mortality was not increased (SMR: 0.98, CI: 0.83–1.15), whereas in series including only patients treated with surgery and/or radiotherapy, mortality was significantly higher (SMR: 2.11; CI: 1.54–2.91). In studies published before and after 2008, the mortality was not increased in patients who achieved biochemical control, while it was higher in those with active disease. Cancer has become a leader cause of deaths in acromegaly patients in the last decade, period in which life expectancy improved.

Conclusion

Mortality in acromegaly is normalized with biochemical control and decreased in the last decade with the more frequent use of SAs as adjuvant therapy. Increased life expectancy has been associated with more deaths due to cancer.
SULFATION PATHWAYS: Insights into steroid sulfation and desulfation pathways
Authors: Foster Paul A , Mueller Jonathan Wolf
Published: May 2018

Sulfation and desulfation pathways represent highly dynamic ways of shuttling, repressing and re-activating steroid hormones, thus controlling their immense biological potency at the very heart of endocrinology. This theme currently experiences growing research interest from various sides, including, but not limited to, novel insights about phospho-adenosine-5′-phosphosulfate synthase and sulfotransferase function and regulation, novel analytics for steroid conjugate detection and quantification. Within this review, we will also define how sulfation pathways are ripe for drug development strategies, which have translational potential to treat a number of conditions, including chronic inflammatory diseases and steroid-dependent cancers.
A Genomic Region Containing REC8 and RNF212B Is Associated with Individual Recombination Rate Variation in a Wild Population of Red Deer (Cervus elaphus)
Authors: Johnston Susan E , Huisman Jisca , Pemberton Josephine M
Published: May 2018

Recombination is a fundamental feature of sexual reproduction, ensuring proper disjunction, preventing mutation accumulation and generating new allelic combinations upon which selection can act. However it is also mutagenic, and breaks up favorable allelic combinations previously built up by selection. Identifying the genetic drivers of recombination rate variation is a key step in understanding the causes and consequences of this variation, how loci associated with recombination are evolving and how they affect the potential of a population to respond to selection. However, to date, few studies have examined the genetic architecture of recombination rate variation in natural populations. Here, we use pedigree data from ∼ 2,600 individuals genotyped at ∼ 38,000 SNPs to investigate the genetic architecture of individual autosomal recombination rate in a wild population of red deer (Cervus elaphus). Female red deer exhibited a higher mean and phenotypic variance in autosomal crossover counts (ACC). Animal models fitting genomic relatedness matrices showed that ACC was heritable in females (h2 = 0.12) but not in males. A regional heritability mapping approach showed that almost all heritable variation in female ACC was explained by a genomic region on deer linkage group 12 containing the candidate loci REC8 and RNF212B, with an additional region on linkage group 32 containing TOP2B approaching genome-wide significance. The REC8/RNF212B region and its paralogue RNF212 have been associated with recombination in cattle, mice, humans and sheep. Our findings suggest that mammalian recombination rates have a relatively conserved genetic architecture in both domesticated and wild systems, and provide a foundation for understanding the association between recombination loci and individual fitness within this population.
Parent-Provider Communication of HPV Vaccine Hesitancy
Authors: Shay Laura A. , Baldwin Austin S. , Betts Andrea C. , Marks Emily G. , Higashi Robin T. , Street Richard L. , Persaud Donna , Tiro Jasmin A.
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVES:

To prevent human papillomavirus (HPV)–related cancers, providers must effectively communicate with HPV vaccine–hesitant parents. Here, we developed a typology characterizing parent-provider communication around HPV vaccine hesitancy.

METHODS:

We audio-recorded 43 visits with unvaccinated adolescents at 6 pediatric clinics in Dallas, Texas in which parents were undecided about HPV vaccination. We qualitatively coded how parents verbally expressed hesitancy (assertive response, asking a question, or expressing concern) and whether providers responded with acquiescence (agree to defer vaccination) and/or persistence (continue discussion). We described the frequency of parent and provider communication codes and same-day vaccination.

RESULTS:

Among the 43 visits, 37 parents expressed hesitancy ≥1 times in many ways. Assertive responses were most common (27 visits), followed by questions (16 visits), and concerns (12 visits). When the first expression of hesitancy was a question or concern, 71% and 75% of adolescents, respectively, received same-day vaccinations, whereas 33% of adolescents who received an initial assertive response were vaccinated. Providers responded with only persistence in 18 visits, a mix of acquiescence and persistence in 13 visits, and only acquiescence in 6 visits. When providers only used persistence, 17 of 18 adolescents were vaccinated; when providers responded with only acquiescence, no adolescents received the vaccine.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our exploratory analysis reveals that providers engaging hesitant parents and addressing their concerns can lead to same-day HPV vaccination. Data reveal that even parents making assertive statements are amenable to influence by providers. Our findings reveal an important missed opportunity when providers simply acquiesce to parental hesitation.
Social Competences of Kindergarten Teachers – Are We Applying Contemporary Knowledge? / Socijalne kompetencije odgojitelja – primjenjujemo li suvremene spoznaje?
Authors: Jurčević Lozančić Anka
Published: May 2018

AbstractProfessional development of kindergarten teachers is a complex and continuous process that implies developing the competences of kindergarten teachers. It aims to improve work performance and foster the development and achievements of children. For this reason, the importance of a holistic approach in their professional development and lifelong learning is emphasized, as only a comprehensive model of different competences of kindergarten teachers can precede changes and improvements in educational practice. The professional competences of kindergarten teachers require a high level of various abilities and practical actions based on these abilities, which assume mutual synergy of all those involved in or responsible for the quality of the educational practice. The aim of this qualitative research is, therefore, to gain insight into the personal attitudes of kindergarten teachers, professional associates, and principals, and to question group meanings and norms on the possibilities of enhancing professional competences of kindergarten teachers while contemplating existing barriers that can be seen and exist in this area. For the purpose of this research, three focus groups were formed. Thirty-nine participants coming from twenty kindergartens in the area of Zagreb took part in the focus groups. Key words: kindergarten teacher; professional development; social competences.---SažetakProfesionalni razvoj odgojitelja složen je i kontinuiran proces koji podrazumijeva razvijanje kompetencija odgojitelja s ciljem kvalitetnijeg obavljanja posla i unapređivanja razvoja i postignuća djece. Zbog toga se naglašava važnost holističkog pristupa u njihovu profesionalnom razvoju i cjeloživotnom obrazovanju, jer samo cjelovit model različitih kompetencija odgojitelja može prethoditi mijenjanju i unapređivanju odgojno-obrazovne prakse. Profesionalne kompetencije odgojitelja zahtijevaju visoku razinu raznovrsnih sposobnosti i na njima utemeljene praktične akcije, što pretpostavlja sinergiju svih onih koji su uključeni u kvalitetu odgojno-obrazovne prakse ili za nju odgovorni. Stoga je cilj ovog kvalitativnog istraživanja dobiti uvid u osobna stajališta odgojitelja, stručnih suradnika i ravnatelja te propitati grupna značenja i norme o mogućnostima unapređenja profesionalnih kompetencija odgojitelja uz istodobno sagledavanje postojećih barijera koje na tom području opažaju i na koje nailaze. Za potrebe ovoga istraživanja održane su tri fokus grupe u kojima je sudjelovalo trideset devet sudionika iz ukupno dvadeset dječjih vrtića s područja grada Zagreba.Ključne riječi: odgajatelj; profesionalni razvoj; socijalne kompetencije.