bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive evaluation of Rukshana Karma in clinical utility - A Review Article
Authors: Radhika Ketkar  , I.B. Kotturshetti  , Samiuzzama Davalbhai
Published: June 2024

Acharya Charaka presented six unique approaches to therapy known as Shadvidhopakramas. Rukshana is one among them. The term 'Upakrama' has multiple meanings, including planning, starting, remedy, and preparation. Upakrama is the process of planning and implementing an appropriate therapy modality. The word meaning of Rukshana is “The quality that is devoid of Snigdhata”. The drugs or the Procedures which induce Kharatva in the body are called Rukshana. These properties make Rukshana an important principle in the treatment of Santarpana Janya, Kapha Meda Pradhana Vadhis. It also plays a major role in controlling Kleda and treating Aama Dosha. Rukshana can be advised either internally in the form of Kashaya, Takra, Arishta Pana or externally as Udvartana, Ruksha Sweda.
An Ayurvedic methodology for managing PCOD - A Case Report
Authors: Gracy Sokiya  , Vandana  , Paridhi Painuly  , Gaurav Sharma
Published: June 2024

Polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) is a heterogenous endocrine disorder characterized by ovarian cysts, anovulation, and hormonal fluctuations, impacting women’s health in various ways. PCOD has transformed into a lifestyle disorder due to sedentary habits, excessive consumption of fast food, and an unhealthy lifestyle. Predisposing risk factors such as genetics, neuroendocrine factors, lifestyle and environmental influences, as well as obesity, play significant roles in the development of PCOD. In Ayurveda, PCOD cannot be correlated to any one particular disease; it can be related to certain diseases like Vandhya, Nasthartava, Aratava Kshaya, Pushpaghni Jataharini, etc. and must be controlled according to the Dosha Dushya vitiation. In this present case study, a 21 year old female patient came with symptoms of scanty menses, acne over face and weight gain in the OPD of Kayachikitsa. The USG report reveals PCOD changes in both ovaries as both ovaries are bulky in size right ovary, vol = 18cc and left ovary, vol = 13.2cc with multiple peripherally arranged follicles with central echogenic stroma. The result was determined based on the relief of clinical symptoms and the findings from the ultrasound report. Therefore, in this case study, drugs such as Dashmool Kwath, Narikanti, Cystogrit diamond etc. was given which have Lekhaniya properties results into reducing the size of ovary and effectively alleviate Kapha Dosha and Ama, facilitating the treatment of Sroto-Dusti and removing obstructions caused by Apana Vayu, ultimately enhancing menstrual flow.
An Ayurvedic approach to Atopic Dermatitis - A Case Report
Authors: Mutalikdesai Vaishnavi , M Anukeerth , K R Rakshith , R Deepthi , K Sajitha
Published: June 2024

Atopic dermatitis, which is also called as Eczema is a type of response pattern characterised by a range of histologic and clinical characteristics including Papules, erythematous macules and vesicles. This affects a person's cosmetic appearance, which is equally distressing since it creates disfigurement. Vicharchika, one of Kshudra Roga can be compared to Atopic Dermatitis based on its signs and symptoms. In the present case study, a 55 years old female patient was admitted in the IPD section of Department of Swasthavritta, Sri Sri College of Ayurvedic Science and Research Hospital, Bengaluru with the complaints of Skin lesions over both the forearms and neck associated with blackish brown discolouration, severs itching, mild discharge and reduced sleep since 2 years. The case was diagnosed as Atopic Dermatitis (Vicharchika) based on signs and symptoms. Classical Virechana was planned along with other Ayurvedic oral medications. Patient was satisfied with the treatment in terms of reduced itching, discharge and improved sleep. This study demonstrates that Ayurvedic treatment is effective in managing Atopic Dermatitis, without any complexities or negative consequences.
Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Screening of Proprietary Ayurvedic Medicine - N-Dopa Tablet
Authors: Vishva Prajapati  , Manish Gajjar  , Amit Patel
Published: June 2024

The N-Dopa tablet is a proprietary Ayurvedic poly-herbal formulation widely used in Parkinson's disease, chronic fatigue syndrome, Myalgia and Muscular dystrophy. This study aims to standardize the formulation using advanced analytical techniques and pharmacopoeia standards. The physicochemical testing, heavy metal analysis and microbiological limit test evaluations were carried out in accordance with Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia of India. All the heavy metals were determined to be within the acceptable ranges. The extractive value revealed increases in water soluble extractive, which suggests higher bioavailability in a water medium. In addition, the microbial load was found to be safe for ingestion by humans in terms of microbes. This assessment could aid in determining the drug's authenticity and provide pertinent data for the safer and more effective use of this formulation in therapeutics. These methods will assist drug manufacturers in adhering to regulations and substantiating the stability, safety, and therapeutic efficacy of their goods.
Multi-label text classification on unbalanced Twitter with monolingual model and hyperparameter optimization for hate speech and abusive language detection
Authors:   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Alzahrani Ahmad A. , Bramantoro Arif ,   School of Computing and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei, Permana Asep ,   Faculty of Information Technology, Universitas Budi Luhur, Jakarta, Indonesia
Published: June 2024

The increase in hate speech and abusive language on social media leads to uncomfortable interactions among users. Many datasets available publicly that address hate speech and abusive language are not balanced, particularly those from Indonesian Twitter. To develop a more effective classification model that also considers minority classes, we needed to optimize the hyperparameters of a monolingual model, use four different data preprocessing scenarios, and improve the treatment of slang words. We assessed the model's effectiveness by its accuracy, achieving 81.38%. This result came from optimizing hyperparameters, processing data without stemming and removing stop words, and enhancing the slang word data. The optimal hyperparameters were a learning rate of 4e-5, a batch size of 16, and a dropout rate of 0.1. However, using too much dropout can decrease the model’s performance and its ability to predict less common categories, such as physical- and gender-related hate speech.
Performance Drift in Machine Learning Models for Cardiac Surgery Risk Prediction: Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Dong Tim , Sinha Shubhra , Zhai Ben , Fudulu Daniel , Chan Jeremy , Narayan Pradeep , Judge Andy , Caputo Massimo , Dimagli Arnaldo , Benedetto Umberto , Angelini Gianni D
Published: June 2024

Background

The Society of Thoracic Surgeons and European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) II risk scores are the most commonly used risk prediction models for in-hospital mortality after adult cardiac surgery. However, they are prone to miscalibration over time and poor generalization across data sets; thus, their use remains controversial. Despite increased interest, a gap in understanding the effect of data set drift on the performance of machine learning (ML) over time remains a barrier to its wider use in clinical practice. Data set drift occurs when an ML system underperforms because of a mismatch between the data it was developed from and the data on which it is deployed.

Objective

In this study, we analyzed the extent of performance drift using models built on a large UK cardiac surgery database. The objectives were to (1) rank and assess the extent of performance drift in cardiac surgery risk ML models over time and (2) investigate any potential influence of data set drift and variable importance drift on performance drift.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis of prospectively, routinely gathered data on adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery in the United Kingdom between 2012 and 2019. We temporally split the data 70:30 into a training and validation set and a holdout set. Five novel ML mortality prediction models were developed and assessed, along with EuroSCORE II, for relationships between and within variable importance drift, performance drift, and actual data set drift. Performance was assessed using a consensus metric.

Results

A total of 227,087 adults underwent cardiac surgery during the study period, with a mortality rate of 2.76% (n=6258). There was strong evidence of a decrease in overall performance across all models (P<.0001). Extreme gradient boosting (clinical effectiveness metric [CEM] 0.728, 95% CI 0.728-0.729) and random forest (CEM 0.727, 95% CI 0.727-0.728) were the overall best-performing models, both temporally and nontemporally. EuroSCORE II performed the worst across all comparisons. Sharp changes in variable importance and data set drift from October to December 2017, from June to July 2018, and from December 2018 to February 2019 mirrored the effects of performance decrease across models.

Conclusions

All models show a decrease in at least 3 of the 5 individual metrics. CEM and variable importance drift detection demonstrate the limitation of logistic regression methods used for cardiac surgery risk prediction and the effects of data set drift. Future work will be required to determine the interplay between ML models and whether ensemble models could improve on their respective performance advantages.
Quality Indicators for Transition from Pediatric to Adult Care for Youth With Chronic Conditions: Proposal for an Online Modified Delphi Study
Authors: Toulany Alene , Khodyakov Dmitry , Mooney Sarah , Stromquist Lisa , Bailey Katherine , Barber Claire EH , Batthish Michelle , Cleverley Kristin , Dimitropoulos Gina , Gorter Jan Willem , Grahovac Danijela , Grimes Ruth , Guttman Beverly , Hébert Michèle L , John Tomisin , Lo Lisha , Luong Dorothy , MacGregor Laura , Mukerji Geetha , Pidduck Jacklynn , Senthilnathan Vjura , Shulman Rayzel , Trbovich Patricia , Munce Sarah EP
Published: June 2024

Background

The transition from pediatric to adult care poses a significant health system–level challenge impeding the delivery of quality health services for youth with chronic health conditions. In Canada and globally, the transition to adult care is regarded as a top priority in adolescent health in need of readily applicable, adaptable, and relevant national metrics to evaluate and benchmark transition success across disease populations and clinical care settings. Unfortunately, existing literature fails to account for the lack of engagement from youth and caregivers in developing indicators, and its applicability across chronic conditions, primary care involvement, and health equity considerations.

Objective

Our proposed study aims to establish a consensus-driven set of quality indicators for the transition to adult care that are universally applicable across physical, developmental, and mental health conditions, clinical care settings, and health jurisdictions.

Methods

Using an integrated knowledge translation (iKT) approach, a panel comprising youth, caregivers, interdisciplinary health care providers, and health system leaders will be established to collaborate with our research team to ensure that the study methodology, materials, and knowledge dissemination are suitable and reflect the perspectives of youth and their families. We will then conduct an iterative 3-round Online Modified Delphi (OMD) study (n=160) to (1) compare and contrast the perspectives of youth, caregivers, health care providers, and health system leaders on quality indicators for transition; and (2) prioritize a key set of quality indicators for transition applicable across disease populations that are the most important, useful, and feasible in the Canadian context. Using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method (RAM) multistage analytic approach, data from each panel and stakeholder group will be examined separately and compared to establish a key set of indicators endorsed by both panels.

Results

The study is funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and Physicians Services Incorporated.

Conclusions

This study will produce quality indicators to evaluate and inform action equitably to improve transition from pediatric to adult care for youth and their families in Canada.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/60860
Building a Prediction Model for Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury using Machine Learning: The CMC-AKIX Model (Preprint)
Authors: Yoon Hye Eun , Min Jiwon , Min Jae-Hong , Chang Se-Hyun , Chung Byung Ha , Koh Eun Sil , Kim Young Soo , Kim Hyung Wook , Ban Tae Hyun , Shin Seok Joon , Choi In Young
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant risk associated with surgeries under general anesthesia, often leading to increased mortality and morbidity. Existing predictive modelWe proposed to build a prediction model for postoperative AKI using several machine learning methods.s for postoperative AKI are usually limited to specific surgical areas or require external validation.

OBJECTIVE

We proposed to build a prediction model for postoperative AKI using several machine learning methods.

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of noncardiac surgeries from 2009 to 2019 at seven university hospitals in South Korea. We evaluated six machine learning models: deep neural networks, logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, light gradient boosting machine, and naïve Bayes for predicting postoperative AKI, defined as a significant increase in serum creatinine or initiation of renal replacement therapy within 30 days post-surgery.

RESULTS

Among 239,267 surgeries analyzed, 7,935 cases of postoperative AKI were identified. Performance of the models were analyzed using area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, accuracy, precision, sensitivity (recall), specificity and F1 score. The models, utilizing 38 preoperative predictors, showed that deep neural networks (AUC = 0.832), light gradient boosting machines (AUC = 0.836), and logistic regression (AUC = 0.825) demonstrated superior performance in predicting AKI risk. The model with the best performance was then developed into a user-friendly website for clinical use.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study introduces a robust, high-performance AKI risk prediction system applicable in clinical settings using preoperative data. This model's integration into a user-friendly website enhances its clinical utility, offering a significant step forward in personalized patient care and risk management.
Insight into the research frontier of hypoxia in skin health and diseases: a bibliometric analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Huang Cancan , Li Xiang , Mou Xingzhu , Wang Wenjun , Wang Wenjun , Li Jieyu , Liu Ni , Xiong Xia , Yi Sha , Zhong Guishu , Chen Yan
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Research has demonstrated that hypoxia, a decrease in intracellular oxygen, is linked to multiple processes in the skin, including metabolic adaptation, cell survival, pathogenic microbe infection, immune response, tumorigenesis, and various diseases.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aims to perform a thorough bibliometric analysis of studies of hypoxia in skin health and disease to identify the frontiers, hotspots, and evolution of these studies.

METHODS

Articles about hypoxia in skin health and disease in the Web of Science Core Collection were gathered as of December 31, 2023. To find bursting keywords and references, VOSviewer was used to look at co-authorship and phrase co-occurrences and make visualizations of them.

RESULTS

A total of 1,511 papers on hypoxia in skin health and disease were examined in this study. China, the United States, and Japan were the top three countries contributing to this topic, while the International Journal of Molecular Sciences was the journal with the most articles. In terms of prolific authors in the publications, Yuesheng Huang from China contributed the most articles. The terms "hypoxia," "angiogenesis," and "wound healing" were the ones that were used the most frequently. In this study, a bibliometric analysis was performed on the last ten years' worth of research on hypoxia in skin health and disease.

CONCLUSIONS

The analysis identified the publications, nations, authors, institutions, and journals that were involved in this subject. These data offer a more comprehensive understanding of the area of research that has been conducted on hypoxia in skin health and disease.
Evaluation of assessment tools used for judging the quality of online patient educational information on cardiovascular diseases: a narrative review (Preprint)
Authors: Lin Amy , Menczer Jordan , Mi Misa
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Patients use the Internet to seek guidance on various medical conditions. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the leading cause of global mortality, require clear and reliable information for effective patient management. Low health literacy can hinder patients' understanding and participation in their healthcare. Given the lack of regulatory guidelines on the quality of health information on CVD, it is imperative to assess the quality of tools used to evaluate online resources.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this review is to investigate if and what assessment tools or instruments were used for judging the quality of online patient educational information on CVD.

METHODS

A comprehensive literature search was conducted with PubMed, ERIC, PsycINFO, and Scopus. Primary studies were included if they were published between 2013 and 2023 and focused on evaluating the quality of assessment tools used to evaluate web-based text educational materials on CVD. Title and abstract screening followed by full-text article selection were conducted to select the final set of articles for inclusion.

RESULTS

Of the 22 studies included, 16 articles used assessment tools to evaluate the quality and reliability of CVD online materials; the most popular tool used is DISCERN Instrument followed by HONcode Certification and JAMA Benchmark criteria. The average DISCERN score across the 16 articles is 38.79 (range 15-75), indicating poor quality. Eighteen articles analyzed readability of information, and the most frequently used assessment tool is the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level. The mean reading grade level of the articles was 11.24. Four articles included a tool to assess understandability and actionability, 2 articles assessed accessibility, and 1 article assessed cultural sensitivity.

CONCLUSIONS

Most materials assessed on CVD topics have poor credibility and are written well above the sixth-grade reading level suggested by the American Medical Association (AMA) and the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Content creators and clinicians should employ quality assessment tools prior to publishing to ensure readable, trustworthy information for patients and families.
Natural Language Processing For Identification of Hospitalized People with Substance Use Disorder (Preprint)
Authors: Sato Taisuke , Grussing Emily D , Patel Ruchi , Ridgway Jessica , Suzuki Joji , Sweigart Benjamin , Miller Robert , Wurcel Alysse G
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

People Who Use Drugs (PWUD) are at heightened risk for severe injection-related infections. Current clinical practices and research mostly rely on biomarkers, medication records, ICD codes, and self-screening forms for patients to identify PWUD; the combination of these tools still often fails to identify hospitalized SUD patients, missing crucial intervention opportunities for Serious Injection Related Infections (SIRI).

OBJECTIVE

This study explores using Natural Language Processing (NLP) to enhance the equitable and comprehensive identification of PWUD in electronic medical records (EMR).

METHODS

We retrospectively compiled a cohort of hospitalizations that involved PWUD at Tufts Medical Center (2020-2022). Criteria for entering the cohort included ICD10 codes for SUD, positive drug toxicology, SUD treatment prescriptions, and specific NLP keywords. We conducted human review of clinical notes in Electronic Health Records (EHR) to calculate the positive and negative predictive value of two subcohorts: admissions associated with a diagnosis code of substance use disorder only (D-only) and admissions associated with NLP identification of drug use only (N-only). We also conducted a regression analysis to evaluate the impact of race, ethnicity, and Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) on the outcomes of highly documented drug use versus drug use only documented with NLP.

RESULTS

The study identified 4548 hospitalizations with broad heterogeneity in how people entered the cohort and subcohorts. 288 hospitalizations entered the cohort through NLP presence alone. NLP demonstrated a 54% positive predictive value (PPV), outperforming biomarkers, medication records, and ICD codes in identifying hospitalizations of PWUD. Additionally, NLP significantly enhanced these methods when integrated into the identification algorithm. The study also found that people from racially and ethnically minoritized communities and lower socioeconomic patients were significantly more likely to have SUD not documented in EMRs.

CONCLUSIONS

NLP proved effective in identifying hospitalizations of PWUD, surpassing traditional methods. While further refinement is needed, NLP shows a promising capability in minimizing healthcare disparities, particularly in infectious disease care for SUD patients, highlighting a crucial step towards more equitable healthcare.
Improvement of Motor Imagination and Manual Ability Through Virtual Reality and Selective and Nonselective Functional Electrical Stimulation: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Santamaría-Vázquez Montserrat , Ortiz-Huerta J Hilario , Martín-Odriozola Aitor , Saiz-Vazquez Olalla
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Motor imagery (MI) is a cognitive process that has been shown to be useful in the rehabilitation process after brain injury. Moreover, functional electrical stimulation (FES) and virtual reality (VR) have also been shown to be effective interventions in many parameters, and there is some evidence of their contribution to the improvement of MI capacity.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to compare the improvements in MI parameters, grip strength, and manual dexterity obtained using VR, FES, and selective FES based on multifield electrodes in healthy people.

METHODS

This clinical randomized controlled trial (RCT)with 4 branches will involve 80 healthy university students, with blinded third-party assessment. Participants will be divided into 4 groups: control (no intervention), selective FES (Fesia Grasp), traditional FES (Globus Elite), and Virtual Rehab Hands (Leap Motion sensor). Each group will receive 5 daily sessions, and assessments will be conducted at baseline, postintervention, and follow-up. The Movement Imagery Questionnaire-Revised (MIQ-RS) and chronometry will be used to assess MI, strength will be measured with a digital dynamometer, and manual dexterity will be evaluated with the Nine Hole Peg Test (NHPT) and the Box and Block Test (BBT). Statistical analyses will include 2-way repeated-measures ANOVA with post hoc Bonferroni correction to compare group differences over time, with nonparametric tests (eg, Kruskal-Wallis) being used if normality or variance assumptions are violated. The study will be organized into 3 phases: preparation, data collection, and analysis. The preparation phase will involve finalizing project protocols and obtaining ethical approvals. The data collection phase will consist of recruiting participants, randomizing them into 4 intervention groups, and conducting baseline assessments, followed by intervention sessions. Finally, the analysis phase will focus on evaluating the data collected from all groups and compiling the results for presentation.

RESULTS

The study received approval in July 2023, with recruitment and data collection starting in September 2023. The recruitment phase was expected to conclude by July 2024, and the entire study, including the 2-week follow-up, was set to finish in September 2024. As of July 2024, we had enrolled 100% of the sample (N=80 students). We plan to publish the study findings by the end of 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

Improvements in MI and upper limb functionality are expected, particularly in the selective FES group. This RCT will identify which intervention is most effective in enhancing these skills, with potential benefits for patients with neurological motor disorders.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06109025; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06109025

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/63329
A Sociocultural Approach to Funeral Jokes in the Moaaga Community in Burkina Faso: Analysis of the Forms, Place and Role of Amusements in a Mourning Situation
Authors: KOURAOGO Patrice
Published: June 2024

This study conducted in the moaaga environment in the province of Namentenga in Burkina Faso aims to pinpoint and analyze the forms of jokes taking place during traditional funerals. It is built on research hypotheses which show that during funerals, jokes take many forms, play an important role in relaxing the atmosphere while fulfilling many functions. This study, which is part of the overall framework of the sociology of culture, allows us to identify three types of jokes. On the one hand, there are the jokes involving the retention of corpses, demands for payment of funeral procession pass fees, provocative speeches and songs, as well as physical struggles. On the other hand, we have the jokes developed by the bi-paagba (daughters-in-law), the yagense (grandsons) and the crowd through dances, musical entertainment and comical sacrificial gestures, claims for money, meat, millet beer (dolo) and food from their uncles and aunts (pugdba). Finally, we have the jokes played by specific characters such as the Kט-togsa (funeral announcer) and her clown, the mask of the Yarsés, and the one between the Fulani, the Yarsés and the masks etc. These jokes have undeniable entertaining, symbolic, social, cultural and educational functions, through the lessons of solidarity and compassion learned.
Analytical method development and validation for the evaluation of related substances in Apalutamide by RP-HPLC
Authors: Kulkarni Dipak Chandrakant , Dadhich Anima Sunil , Annapurna Mukthinuthalapati Mathrusri
Published: June 2024

Apalutamide is an anti-cancer agent used for the management of prostate cancer. A new stability indicating RP-HPLC method (Gradient mode) has been developed for the estimation of Apalutamide and its related substances using Waters Alliance system (Model no. 2996 and 2695) with Inertsil ODS-3 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5μm) column (PDA detector) was used for the present study. A mixture of Ammonium phosphate buffer solution and Acetonitrile (30: 70, v/v) was used as the mobile phase for the chromatographic study (Flow rate: 1.0 mL/min; Detection wavelength: 243 nm). Stress degradation studies were performed and the method was validated as per ICH guidelines.
Keywords: Apalutamide, RP-HPLC, Related substances, Impurities, Stability indicating, Validation, ICH guidelines.
Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry: A Review
Authors: Rama Rao Tadikonda , Yashwanth Thangadipalli , Usha Banuri
Published: June 2024

The analytical technique known as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry is incredibly precise and sensitive. It's a really powerful tool. Detection, identification, and mass determination of components in the presence of additional components are carried out by mass spectrometry using sample eluents from liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Liquid chromatography is used to identify pharmaceutical medication components, intermediates, and related compounds for both quantitative and qualitative applications. Liquid chromatography is mostly used in-vitro dissolution, bioequivalence, bioavailability, and metabolite research. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry is also used in forensic labs, agrochemical firms, fundamental research, and the food industry. Applications, instrumentation, and the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry principle are covered in this review.
Keywords: Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Bioequivalence, Metabolite research.
BosonSampling.jl: A Julia package for quantum multi-photon interferometry
Authors: Seron Benoit , Restivo Antoine
Published: June 2024

We present a free open source package for high performance simulation and numerical investigation of boson samplers and, more generally, multi-photon interferometry. Our package is written in Julia, allowing C-like performance with easy notations and fast, high-level coding. Underlying building blocks can easily be modified without complicated low-level language modifications. We present a great variety of routines for tasks related to boson sampling, such as statistical tools, optimization methods and classical samplers. Special emphasis is put on validation of experiments, where we present novel algorithms. This package goes beyond the boson sampling paradigm, allowing for the investigation of new interferometric behaviours such as bosonic bunching.
Análisis de la productividad de mano de obra para la construcción de una vivienda unifamiliar en el municipio de Ocaña, Norte de Santander
Authors: Angarita-Uscategui Pedro Nel , Ovallos-Manosalva Leandro , Carballo-Rincón Blanca  Yulieth
Published: June 2024

La productividad se define matemáticamente como la cantidad producida de una actividad sobre el trabajo realizado en ella; se han avanzado en muchos estudios a nivel internacional y nacional donde se ha logrado la optimización en cuanto a productividad de mano de obra para las diferentes categorías de trabajo, una investigación realizada por el sistema de gestión de productividad de la Universidad Pontificia de Chile mostro que el Trabajo Productivo fue de (TP 60%), Trabajo Contributivo de (TC 25%) y Trabajo No Contributivo de (TNC 15%). Esta investigación contemplo el análisis de la productividad de mano de obra a una vivienda unifamiliar; identificándose las actividades de mayor impacto económico del proyecto a través de una herramienta de calidad, tomando muestras aleatorias para las actividades en estudio mediante la fórmula de población infinita y aplicando la técnica de los cinco minutos a cada actividad; se tabularon los datos empleando estadística descriptiva arrojando los siguientes resultados: El Trabajo Productivo fue de (TP 56%), Trabajo Contributivo de (TC 29%) y Trabajo No Contributivo de (TNC 15%). Algunas categorías de trabajo no estuvieron dentro de las óptimas esto se debió a las tareas contributivas las cuales no fueron optimizadas en el proceso constructivo.
Las principales tecnologías de la era de la industria 5.0
Authors: Pérez-Domínguez Luis Asunción
Published: June 2024

En la actualidad el entorno industrial y la sociedad en general se encuentran en la dinámica de la Industria 4.0, la cual está sentando las bases para la próxima revolución industrial. A la par, las dificultades sanitarias mundial derivadas por el COVID-19 originando que las empresas busquen soluciones para seguir operando, esta situación de cualquier forma, provocando que la industria 5.0 dé un salto exponencial, haciendo que las empresas implementen nuevos procesos de fabricación. Por tanto, esta nueva revolución industrial consiste en aprovechar y desarrollar la inteligencia artificial para dar paso a la principal característica que la define, que es la colaboración entre el hombre y la máquina, trabajando juntos mientras las máquinas realizan las tareas más pesadas y repetitivas. De igual modo, las personas se encargan de monitorear las actividades. Adicionalmente, uno de los elementos fundamentales de I.5 son los cobots industriales (sistema robótico instituido para trabajar junto con los humanos) aunque los cobots y otros elementos independientemente del principal tema, también hay otros aspectos muy importantes como la sociedad 5.0 y la bioeconomía. De este modo, es por ello que en la presente investigación se tiene como objetivo principal en presentar las tecnologías transcendentales en la industria 5.0.
Caracterización fisicoquímica de la zona de transición acuático terrestre de un humedal tropical (Ayapel-Colombia)
Authors: Díaz Mesa Maria Camila , Hernández Atilano Esnedy , Agudelo Echavarría Diana María , Villegas Jiménez Nora Elena , Lozano Sarria Laura María , Agudelo Echavarría Gabriel Adolfo , Herazo Areiza Sergio Esteban , Berrouet Cadavid Lina María , Espinosa Aguirre Natalia , Puerta Quintana Yarin Tatiana , Vélez Macías Fabio De Jesús Vélez Macías , Guirre Ramírez Néstor Jaime A , Quijano Abril Mario Alberto , Rojas Villa Jose Miguel , Cardona Alzate Daniela , Salazar Suaza Daniela , Wills Toro Alvaro
Published: June 2024

Contextualization: The aquatic-terrestrial transition zone (ZTAT) in the floodplain (alluvial plain) Ramsar Ayapel (Colombia) remains flooded for more than half of the year, and its coastal strip generates a strong influence on the ecosystem. An approach to the spatial and temporal characterization of this zone is crucial for further functional analysis, especially when tropical floodplains are little explored except for some Amazonian ecosystems.
 Knowledge gap: Floodplain dynamics are mainly regulated by flood pulses, directly influencing he physical and chemical conditions of water and sediment. Therefore, the biota is adapted to the flooding and waterlogging conditions of the ecosystem. However, research has addressed the terrestrial and aquatic phases as separate systems, making it necessary to resort to methodologies that demonstrate connectivity in the system and facilitate the interpretation of key factors in the ecological functioning of tropical wetlands.
 Purpose: The research analyzed the structure and functioning of the ZTAT through physical and chemical variables at different times of the flood pulse.
 Methodology: In two wetlands of the muddy complex, sensitive to the flood pulse, three samplings were carried out: rising water (July/2021), high water (September/2021), and declining water (March/2022). The ZTAT was monitored by delimiting it into four subzones: water, sediments, floodable soil, and soil.
Results and conclusions: Significant changes in time associated with water level and nitrogen concentrations were revealed; while in space, assisted by the contrast of the ZTAT at the two sites, differences were reflected through in situ variables and soil characteristics. It was detected that depth, transparency, and a higher concentration of nitrogen forms, and some ions such as aluminum and magnesium generated differences on a time level. On the contrary, conductivity, calcium concentration, and variables associated with soil characteristics expressed it at the spatial level due to exploring the ZTAT. Therefore, the physicochemical dynamics of moments and sites in a wetland require a sampling design that, using the ZTAT, facilitates the scale of physicochemical analysis.
La gestión de los proyectos constructivos mediante una visión holística de la sostenibilidad
Authors: Cely Calixto Nelson Javier , Gallardo Amaya Romel Jesús , Zafra Mejía Carlos Alfonso
Published: June 2024

Contextualization: the construction sector is innovating every day in the postulation andcreation of new environmentally responsible projects, to mitigate the negative alterationsproduced by the processes carried out in the elaboration and erection of structures.
Knowledge gap: for this reason, the field of this research aims to describe the triad ofsustainability in the management of construction projects, leading to a successful outcomeof a sustainable industrial project.
Purpose: the fundamental purpose of the work is to incorporate the economic,environmental, and social approaches to the known practices of civil works projectmanagement.
Methodology: the methodology used in this manuscript was qualitative and descriptivecorrelational documentary analysis was applied to identify and analyze the most importantindicators in the management of construction projects with a focus on sustainability. Theresearch allowed distinguishing a considerable number of key indicators that are used in thecurrent jargon and that could be implemented in new projects with the purpose of seekingholistic synergies that mitigate the uncertainty of the proposed goals.
Results and conclusions: as a result of this study, measurement factors were identifiedand categorized in order to facilitate the conceptualization and consideration of sustainabilitypractices for project managers. This study contributes to the mapping of opportunities forimprovement in the sustainability of construction projects based on the management ofindicators and highlights the relevance of sustainable management for the constructionindustry.
Implementación de atrapanieblas como alternativa de abastecimiento de agua en el municipio de Tuluá
Authors: Jaramillo Arenas Eyder Fabian , Tascón Ortiz Giovany , Leal Vásquez Karol Andrea , Lamus Molina Valentina , Cabezas Burbano Luisa Fernanda , Orejuela Vivian Milen
Published: June 2024

Contextualization: Since the 20th century, water consumption has increased globally. This increasing is due to the fact that there is currently a high demand in developed countries and in those with rising economies. Another problem is population growth worldwide, which generates indiscriminate water use in the agricultural, livestock and industrial sectors; which generates an increasing in the use water.
Knowledge gap: Fog catchment systems (fog catchers) become a useful alternative for taking advantage of the water resource available in the environment for subsequent storage and distribution in different human development activities. However, in Colombia there is a lack of studies that can be related to the implementation of these artisanal systems.
Purpose: In this research, the relevance of the use of four fog catchers with different percentages in the polyshade, are located in the Vijal and Alto Bonito properties, which correspond to an ecosystem zone of sub-Andean forest, was investigated with the aim to determinate the viability of this tool in the water collection.
Methodology: A randomized complete block design was carried out and, using Duncan's test, it was determined if there were significant differences between the polyshade percentages used and the height of the plots.
Results and conclusions: As a result, it was obtained that polyshade of 65%, captured 980 ml corresponding to the Alto Bonito property; while in the Vijal, the fog catch was 784 ml. The mesh with 80% polyshade, captured 990 ml in the Alto Bonito property, while in Vijal, the fog catch was 794 ml. There is no significant difference to obtain water related to polyshadows. In relation to the difference in the properties altitude, there is a significant difference; the water average accumulated in the Vijal property is 25.5 ml/day, while in Alto Bonito, it is 31.8 ml/day.
Control biológico contra Fusarium sp. en plantas de uchuva (Physalis peruviana L.) a nivel de invernadero mediante aplicación combinada de Trichoderma sp. y Bacillus sp.
Authors: Mora López Marcela , Ochoa Aristizabal Ana Maria , Osorio Echeverri Victor Manuel
Published: June 2024

Contextualization: The production of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.), an exotic fruit of great commercial importance in Colombia, has been limited by the presence of Fusarium sp. Which causes losses of up to 40% of production; this pathogen is mainly controlled with chemical synthesis products.
Knowledge gap: The individual use of microorganisms for biological control has become a useful strategy to reduce the impact caused by Fusarium sp. However, its activity is limited in the field, and therefore it is necessary to carry out consortium combinations of different native microbial genera as a promising tool for biological control.
Purpose: To evaluate the antagonistic activity of the combined application of Trichoderma sp. and Bacillus sp. as biocontrollers of Fusarium sp. at greenhouse level in cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.)
Methodology: Microorganisms were isolated from soil samples and plant material from a cape gooseberry crop. Isolates consistent with Bacillus sp. and Trichoderma sp. were confronted in vitro conditions to determine the percentage of inhibition over three Fusarium sp. that showed pathogenicity in cape gooseberry seeds according to their germination and root length. The in vivo antagonist activity was tested individually and in a consortium of Bacillus sp. and Trichoderma sp. that most inhibited Fusarium sp. with a higher pathogenicity index. Additionally, these isolates were identified by morphological, molecular and phylogenetic techniques.
Results and conclusions: Seven native isolates consistent with Bacillus sp. with inhibitory activity against three Fusarium sp. were obtained. The bacterial isolate IB4B (identified as Bacillus sp.) registered the highest percentage of inhibition (48%), and TV1 was the fungus with the highest activity (64%) although. It did not differ statistically from TV2 (identified as Trichoderma asperellum). The pathogenicity test indicated that UCMV21 (identified as Fusarium oxysporum) inhibited the germination of 58% of the evaluated seeds. In the in vivo tests on cape gooseberry seedlings, UCMV21 presented low pathogenicity by developing few symptoms of vascular wilt. However, treatments with the Bacillus sp. and Trichoderma sp., achieved control of the pathogen and improved the root length of the seedlings.
Disponibilidad de alimentos de origen vegetal en Argentina, Chile y Uruguay en los últimos 60 años
Authors: N B Bertorello , F Minin , S Viscardi , J C Rodríguez
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible nos invita a cuidar el planeta y asegurar la prosperidad para todos. Frente a los cambiantes patrones de producción y consumo en torno al agua, energía y alimentos, resulta de gran interés estudiar la disponibilidad alimentaria, con el fin de implementar acciones que lleven a garantizar las necesidades de la población, permitiendo el desarrollo sustentable sin comprometer las generaciones futuras1,2. El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar la proporción de alimentos de origen vegetal (AOV) en relación al suministro total de energía para Argentina, Chile y Uruguay e inspeccionar su evolución en los últimos 60 años.
MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo, longitudinal. La proporción de AOV en la disponibilidad total de energía se consideró como el suministro de energía (kcal/persona/día) de los siguientes grupos de alimentos: cereales, tubérculos, legumbres, frutas, verduras, aceites, semillas, frutas secas y azúcar (excepto miel). Dicha información se extrajo de las Hojas de Balance de Alimentos (HBA), instrumento diseñado y elaborado por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas, para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO), a partir de información estadística confiable disponible desde su sitio web3. Se consideró el período de 1961, 1990 y 2020 de las HBA para Argentina, Chile y Uruguay. Se tomaron estos años como referencia por la existencia de información proveniente de estos años y tomando ciclos de 30 años para evaluar posibles cambios en la disponibilidad alimentaria.
CONSIDERACIONES ÉTICAS: los datos fueron extraídos de fuentes secundarias, todas las bases de datos son de dominio público y no requiere evaluación de comité de ética.
RESULTADOS: El suministro de energía promedio durante el 2020 en los tres países fue 3232 ±95,1 Kcal/persona/día. En relación a la proporción de energía proveniente de AOV, fue mayor en Chile y Uruguay (68%), mientras que Argentina presentó un porcentaje menor (65,1%). El grupo de los cereales fue el que aportó la mayor cantidad de energía de AOV. La contribución de AOV a la energía total, aumentó en Uruguay y en Argentina, 14,5% y 2,8% respectivamente y disminuyó en Chile 9,6% entre 1961 y 2020. CONCLUSIONES: Si bien se evidenciaría algún incremento de disponibilidad de AOV principalmente en Uruguay, se requiere continuar trabajando en nuevas estrategias que garanticen la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional y permitan la conservación de recursos naturales.
Two-Streams Revisited: General Equations, Exact Coefficients, and Optimized Closures
Authors: Ho Dion Jia Xu , Pincus Robert
Published: June 2024

Two-Stream Equations are the most parsimonious general models for
radiative flux transfer with one equation to model each of upward and
downward fluxes; these are coupled due to the transfer of fluxes between
hemispheres. Standard two-stream approximation of the Radiative Transfer
Equation assumes that the ratios of flux transferred (coupling
coefficients) are both invariant with optical depth and symmetric with
respect to upwelling and downwelling radiation. Two-stream closures are
derived by making additional assumptions about the angular distribution
of the intensity field, but none currently works well for all parts of
the optical parameter space. We determine the exact values of the
two-stream coupling coefficients from multi-stream numerical solutions
to the Radiative Transfer Equation. The resulting unique coefficients
accurately reconstruct entire flux profiles but depend on optical depth.
More importantly, they generally take on unphysical values when symmetry
is assumed. We derive a general form of the Two-Stream Equations for
which the four coupling coefficients are guaranteed to be physically
explicable. While non-constant coupling coefficients are required to
reconstruct entire flux profiles, numerically-optimized constant
coupling coefficients (which admit analytic solutions) reproduced
reflectance and transmittance with relative errors no greater than $4
\times 10^{-5}$ over a large range of optical
parameters. The optimized coefficients show a dependence on the solar
zenith angle and total optical depth that diminishes as the latter
increases. This explains why existing coupling coefficients, which often
omit the former and mostly neglect the latter, tend to work well for
only thin or only thick atmospheres.
Study of the adsorption process between the phenolic compound catechin and the dietary fiber zymosan A: The influence of pH and concentration
Authors: Matic Petra , Kenjeric Daniela , Soher Lidija , Jakobek Lidija
Published: June 2024

Polyphenolic compounds have shown various beneficial effects on human health as well as certain bioactivities such as interactions with dietary fiber. Factors that can influence their interactions with dietary fibers include the pH value, the polyphenolic compound concentration and compound stability. The aim of this work was to study the interactions between the polyphenolic compound catechin and the dietary fiber zymosan A from yeast through investigation of the adsorption process. The catechin stability and the influence of concentration and pH value on interactions were investigated. Catechin showed the lowest stability at pH 7.0 with degradation ratio from 6 to 15 %. The lowest adsorption capacity was at pH 7.0, then higher in water and the highest at pH 1.5. A Dubinin?Radushkevich adsorption model fit to the data and FTIR analysis indicates the presence of physical interactions between catechin and zymosan A. This study can contribute to better understanding of interactions of polyphenols and dietary fiber for possible design of functional food, or to increase bioaccessibility of polyphenols.