bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NURCHOLISH MADJID (1939-2005) (Gagasan-Gagasan Pembaruan Pemikiran Islam Kontemporer di Indonesia)
Authors: Khaeroni Cahaya
Published: June 2021

Nurcholish Madjid merupakan salah satu tokoh pembaruan pemikiran Islam di Indonesia. Lewat gagasannya tentang teologi Islam Inklusif dan sekularisasi yang dipopulerkannya pada era 1970-an, Nurcholish Madjid tampil menjadi sosok intelektual dan pembaharu yang berdiri di garda depan dalam kancah pemikiran Islam di-Indonesia. Kendatipun demikian, juga tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa  pemikiran-pemikiran yang dilontarkannya juga kerap memunculkan polemik-polemik mendalam diantara banyak kalangan elit intelektual Muslim. Menanggapi hal inilah, penelitian ini berusaha mengkaji lebih lanjut mengenai pemikiran-pemikiran Nurcholish Madjid, seorang tokoh pembaharu kontemporer yang cukup kontroversial  baik dikalangan masyarakat awam maupun elit intelektual di Indonesia. Penelitian ini termasuk ke dalam jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan filosofis. Karakteristik dari pendekatan ini lebih menekankan pada fundamental structure dan ide-ide dasar serta menghindarkan detail-detail persoalan yang kurang relevan. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa pemikiran pembaharuan Nurcholish Madjid terbagi ke dalam 3 wilayah: Pertama, gagasan Modernisasi Islam; Kedua, Sekularisasi; dan ketiga, gagasan teologi inklusif.
PERMAINAN LUDO SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Anastasya Visca Elya , Ristiyani Ristiyani , Fajrie Nur
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study iwas to analyze the ludo game as an effort to improve the creative thinking skills of elementary school students. Research conducted using classroom action research. The study was conducted in two cycles. The subject of research is the fifth grade students of SDN Jakenan with 24 students. Data colectiontechniques used are observation, interviews, evaluation test and documentation. The validity of the data used expert judgment techniques. Analysis of the data used is the analisysis of qualitative and quantitative data.Based on the aspect of creative thinking the value in the cycle I obtained an average of 76,79 in Indonesia content and IPS content an average of 79,37. Cycle II the value of Indonesian Content gained an average of 81 and the IPS content obtained an average value of 86,37. Whereas the ludo game obtained an average in cycle I of 74% and cycle II gained an average of 82%.
MEDIA WARAGA SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DALAM MENGIDENTIFIKASI KERAGAMAN BUDAYA
Authors: Alifa Saktia , Purbasari Imaniar , Ristiyani Ristiyani
Published: June 2021

This research aims to describe the enhancement of elementary school students ' ability to identify cultural diversity, as well as describe the improvement of basic skills teaching teachers through the application of Waraga media.The research method used is a class action research conducted as many as 2 cycles. Each cycle is implemented during 2 meetings. Cycles consist of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The subject of the study was 28 graders of SD Negeri 2 Pecangaan Wetan in Lesson 2019/2020. The technique of data collection during the implementation of class action research using test techniques in the form of evaluation test to know the improvement of students ' ability to identify cultural diversity, and nontest technique in the form of observation of teacher teaching basic skills using observation sheet consisting of 8 observed aspects. Data analysis used is quantitative and qualitative data analysis. The results showed that with the use of the media waraga in learning occurs increase the ability of students in identifying cultural diversity in elementary schools. Proven from the increasing percentage of the classical dictancy. Cycle I gained a percentage of 68% and cycle II gained 86%. The results also showed improved teacher teaching basic skills, proven from observations that gained a score percentage of 77.3% on the I cycle and increased to 85% in cycle II.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PICTURE AND PICTURE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP JENIS MATA PENCAHARIAN DI LINGKUNGAN SEKITAR BAGI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Mahmudah Amira Henny , Purbasari Imaniar , Pratiwi Ika Ari , Ismaya Erik Aditia
Published: June 2021

The objectives of this study were 1) to analyze the improvement of teacher teaching skills in improving students 'conceptual understanding using the picture and picture model of learning on the material types of livelihoods in the surrounding environment 2) to analyze the improvement of students' conceptual understanding using the picture and picture model on the type of livelihood in surrounding environment.The research method used is classroom action research. This research was conducted in two cycles, each of which consisted of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The research subjects were the fourth grade students of SD 2 Jojo Kudus with a total of 20 students. The data sources of this research are teachers, students. Data collection techniques include observation techniques, and tests. The data analysis used was qualitative and quantitative data analysis. Quantitative data analysis was used to calculate the increase in students' conceptual understanding using the picture and picture model.The results showed that an increase in teacher teaching skills occurred in every indicator between cycle I to cycle II. The teaching skills of teachers in cycle II have increased and in general the teachers have implemented the steps of the picture and picture learning model properly. The application of the picture and picture model can also improve students' conceptual understanding skills at SD 2 Jojo Kudus in understanding types of livelihoods. The students' understanding of the concept of social studies content in the first cycle obtained a success percentage of 75% with very good criteria, then the second cycle obtained a percentage of 94% with very good criteria
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DENGAN PENERAPAN MODEL STAD (STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION) BERBANTUAN MEDIA PUZZLE
Authors: Ardiyanti Hestining , Ismaya Erik Aditia , Setiawan Deka
Published: June 2021

This study aims to describe the application of the STAD (Student Teams Achievement Division) learning model assisted by the puzzle media and to find an increase in student learning outcomes on the theme of 6 Heat and Its Transfer in My Country, grade V SD 7 Cendono.Classroom action research was carried out in class V SD 7 Cendono with 22 students as the research subject. This research lasted for two cycles, each cycle consisting of four stages, namely planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The independent variable is the STAD model. While the dependent variable is student learning outcomes. The research instruments were tests and documentation. The data analysis technique used is qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques.The results showed that the application of the STAD learning model assisted by puzzle media could improve student learning outcomes. Student learning outcomes have increased from cycle I to cycle II, namely from the percentage of student completeness of 43% to 86%.
NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM TRADISI APITAN MASYARAKAT SINGOCANDI KUDUS
Authors: Asyari Muchamad Munawir , Ismaya Erik Aditia , Ahsin Muhammad Noor
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the reasons for the Singocandi Village community in implementing the Apitan tradition and to analyze the values of character education in the Apitan tradition of the Singocandi Village community.The research was conducted using a qualitative approach with descriptive types and field study methods. The research was conducted in Singocandi Village, Kota District, Kudus Regency. The data collection techniques are through observation, interviews, and document study. Primary data sources were obtained from the results of observations and interviews with the pundhen caretaker Mbah Buyut Punjol, village officials, and the traditional committee of Apitan Alms Earth, Singocandi Village. As for the secondary data sources, researchers were obtained from supporting documents. Testing the validity of the data used the technique and source triangulation techniques. In this study, technical triangulation was carried out by combining data received from observations, interviews, and documents. Meanwhile, source triangulation was carried out by combining interview data from various sources.The results showed that the reason Singocandi Village people still carry out the Apitan tradition is as a form of preserving the nation's cultural heritage and to respect the struggles of the ancestors of the Indonesian nation. In the Apitan tradition there are also character education values such as religious, honest, tolerance, discipline, creative, love for the country, social care, and caring for the environment that need to be instilled in the nation's future generations. Therefore, this tradition must be preserved and introduced to the future generations of the nation..
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PANLINTARMATIKA (PAPAN PERKALIAN PINTAR MATEMATIKA) MATERI PERKALIAN UNTUK SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Afifah Hasna Nur , Fitrianawati Meita
Published: June 2021

This study aims to 1) find out the steps in developing Panlintarmatika learning media, 2) know the feasibility of developing Panlintarmatika learning media based on experts.  This study is a type of Research and Development (RD) research using the Borg and Gal model which consists of: (1) research and information collecting, (2) planning, (3) developing preliminary from a product, (4) prelimunary field testing,  (5) main product revision, (6) main field testing, (7) operational product revision (8) operational field testing.  The trial subjects used were 18 grade 2 students and teachers at SD N Kalangan.  Data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews and questionnaires.  Data analysis includes quantitative data analysis and qualitative data analysis.  The results showed that the validation of the media experts received a score of 60 in the "Very good" category, the validation of the material experts received a score of 42 in the "Good" category and the learning expert received a score of 60 in the "Good" category.  The results of the small-scale field test students get a score of 100 with the category "Very Good" and the teacher gets a score of 94 with the category "Very Good".  Large-scale field test results students get a score of 100 with the category "Very Good" and the teacher scores 98 with a score of "Very Good" It can be concluded that the Panlintarmatika learning media is feasible and can be used as class 2 learning multiplication material
OPTIMALISASI APLIKASI WHATSAPP DAN GOOGLE MEET UNTUK PENYAMPAIAN MATERI PADA PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH
Authors: Yuliawati Dwi Ratih
Published: June 2021

This study aims to analyze the use of the Whatsapp and Google Meet applications as an effort to optimize the delivery of material in distance learning at SMA N 1 Rembang.The research method used by researchers is descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques using interview techniques, observation, and documentation. The data obtained are in the form of interviews, observations and school documentation. Data analysis techniques using data verification techniques, data reduction and conclusions. To check the degree of truth using source triangulation.Teacher creativity is required to make students comfortable and enjoy the learning process without having to leave home and still follow the learning process. By combining several applications will complement each other so that it becomes the perfect learning. The use of the WhatsApp and Google Meet applications in one lesson will be complete in the distance learning process. Teachers can communicate easily using WhatsApp, can explain material clearly and can monitor students with Google Meet. In addition, teachers can provide attitude assessments automatically. The process of supervision in online learning using Whatsapp and Google Meet can also be done easily.
PERAN HUKUM ADAT SEBAGAI PONDASI HUKUM PERTANAHAN NASIONAL DALAM MENGHADAPI REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Fathoni M Yazid
Published: June 2021

Pada saat ini hadirnya Revolusi Industri 4.0 telah menawarkan sistem otomatisasi dalam berbagai bidang kehidupan. Hal ini secara tidak langsung membawa ujian bagi hukum pertanahan nasional kita yang berlandaskan pada hukum adat. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, tulisan ini akan mengkaji peran dan relevansi hukum adat sebagai dasar hukum agraria dalam pengembangan hukum pertanahan saat ini ketika dihadapkan dengan perkembangan era industri 4.0. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa hukum adat sebagai pondasi Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria tidak hanya memiliki peran yang penting sebagai sumber norma dan pelengkap norma hukum pertanahan nasional, akan tetapi melalui prinsip-prinsipnya, hukum adat dapat berperan sebagai penyeimbang efek dari output yang dihasilkan oleh industri 4.0 sehingga tidak lepas dari hakikat hukum adat.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM RAHASIA DAGANG DALAM PERJANJIAN FRANCHISE COCOYO
Authors: Tanaya Velliana , Marpaung Jessica Vincentia , Djohan Audrea Dindya
Published: June 2021

Waralaba makanan dan minuman merupakan salah satu peluang bisnis yang berkembang di Indonesia. Salah satu unsur penting dalam industri ini adalah rahasia dagang. Dalam prakteknya, semua perjanjian waralaba memiliki satu atau beberapa pasal yang mengatur ketentuan mengenai pemberian hak rahasia dagang dan pelanggaran rahasia dagang. Namun pada kenyataannya, dalam perjanjian waralaba Cocoyo tidak ada pengaturan mengenai rahasia dagang sehingga tidak memberikan perlindungan hukum bagi rahasia dagang Cocoyo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Penelitian ini akan menganalisis bagaimana bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap rahasia dagang dalam perjanjian waralaba Cocoyo. Kesepakatan untuk memberikan dan merahasiakan rahasia dagang Cocoyo bersifat lisan. Walaupun bersifat lisan, rahasia dagang Cocoyo tetap dilindungi oleh hukum.
Efficiency of different instruments used for composite filling polishing.
Authors: Kovacs-Ivacson Andrea-Csinszka , Stoica Alexandra Mihaela , Kovacs Mónika , Pop Mihai
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Improper finishing and polishing of fillings leads to surface roughness of the restoration which leads to excessive plaque accumulation, gingival irritation, increased surface staining and poor aesthetics of restored teeth. Therefore, it is essential to use polishing instruments and pastes as a final step of simple caries treatment in order to achieve optimal long-time results. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of 4 different finishing and polishing instruments used for surface smoothening of aesthetic restorative materials in vitro. Materials and methods: 40 composite (Reality X) samples were prepared in vitro. Their surface irregularities were measured along 3 diagonals before and after polishing. Sof-Lex discs (3M Espe), rubber cones (Kenda), Arkansas stone (Fino) and polishing paste and a professional toothbrush (Kerr) were used for polishing. Each sample was polished under 5N pressure for 30 seconds at 3000 rpm. The surface roughness was than measured using a profilometer. Statistic analysis was performed using ANOVA and unpaired T-tests, the significance level was set at a value of p<0.05. Results: Based on the mean values, the smallest roughness was found in the control group- 0.11, while the highest in the rubber polishers and Arkansas stone group- 0.47 and 0.48. The values for the Sof-Lex disc group and the polishing paste-toothbrush group were 0.40 and 0.39. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences between the four groups. Conclusion: It is mandatory to use polishing tools in order to obtain a smooth surface of the restoration and avoid the unwanted long-term complications. Polishing using brush and abrasive paste produced the smoothest surface of the composite.
Equilibrium and Convergence in Income Distribution: The Case of 28 European Countries in the Recent, Turbulent Past (1995–2019)
Authors: Guo Yanling , Sell Friedrich L.
Published: June 2021

The authors developed a political economy equilibrium framework for personal income distribution. In the beginning, they set up a theoretical model which was rooted in status theory. With this concept, one may explain a certain or optimal degree of inequality in society and define a steady state to which inequality can converge. By taking the aggregated Gini coefficient due to a collective decision process, deviations from the steady state due to shocks are allowed. A return to equilibrium is feasible with speed which is compatible with the collective decisionmaking process. The authors then conducted an empirical analysis of personal income distribution in 28 European nations for the period before, during and after the great recession of 2009/2010 and the Euro crisis of 2010/2015 (1995–2019). Not surprisingly, they found inequality convergence in the data. However, the speed of convergence is not the same for all countries.
Supporting the corpus-based study of Shakespeare’s language: Enhancing a corpus of the First Folio
Authors: Culpeper Jonathan , Hardie Andrew , Demmen Jane , Hughes Jennifer , Timperley Matt
Published: June 2021

This article explores challenges in the corpus linguistic analysis of Shakespeare’s language, and Early Modern English more generally, with particular focus on elaborating possible solutions and the benefits they bring. An account of work that took place within the Encyclopedia of Shakespeare’s Language Project (2016–2019) is given, which discusses the development of the project’s data resources, specifically, the Enhanced Shakespearean Corpus. Topics covered include the composition of the corpus and its subcomponents; the structure of the XML markup; the design of the extensive character metadata; and the word-level corpus annotation, including spelling regularisation, part-of-speech tagging, lemmatisation and semantic tagging. The challenges that arise from each of these undertakings are not exclusive to a corpus-based treatment of Shakespeare’s plays but it is in the context of Shakespeare’s language that they are so severe as to seem almost insurmountable. The solutions developed for the Enhanced Shakespearean Corpus – often combining automated manipulation with manual interventions, and always principled – offer a way through.
Better data for more researchers – using the audio features of BNCweb
Authors: Hoffmann Sebastian , Arndt-Lappe Sabine
Published: June 2021

In spite of the wide agreement among linguists as to the significance of spoken language data, actual speech data have not formed the basis of empirical work on English as much as one would think. The present paper is intended to contribute to changing this situation, on a theoretical and on a practical level. On a theoretical level, we discuss different research traditions within (English) linguistics. Whereas speech data have become increasingly important in various linguistic disciplines, major corpora of English developed within the corpus-linguistic community, carefully sampled to be representative of language usage, are usually restricted to orthographic transcriptions of spoken language. As a result, phonological phenomena have remained conspicuously understudied within traditional corpus linguistics. At the same time, work with current speech corpora often requires a considerable level of specialist knowledge and tailor-made solutions. On a practical level, we present a new feature of BNCweb (Hoffmann et al. 2008), a user-friendly interface to the British National Corpus, which gives users access to audio and phonemic transcriptions of more than five million words of spontaneous speech. With the help of a pilot study on the variability of intrusive r we illustrate the scope of the new possibilities.
Digital unterstützte interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit im ambulanten Setting: Bedarfe, Erwartungen und Barrieren in der Ergotherapie, Logopädie und Physiotherapie – eine qualitative Studie / Digitally supported interprofessional cooperation in the outpatient setting: needs, expectations and barriers in occupational therapy, speech therapy and physiotherapy – a qualitative study
Authors: Schouten Leonie , Haensch Mareike , Lüddecke Ina , Petrovic Sylvia , Haase Laura , Zimmermann Franziska , Schäfer Axel
Published: June 2021

Komplexe Krankheitsbilder, die Vernetzung der Berufsgruppen sowie die Digitalisierung des Gesundheitswesens stellen hohe Anforderungen an die Gesundheitsberufe in Deutschland, insbesondere in Hinblick auf die Umsetzung von interprofessioneller Zusammenarbeit. Ziel der Studie ist, die Bedarfe, Erwartungen, Barrieren und Wünsche bezüglich einer digital unterstützten interprofessionellen Zusammenarbeit ambulanter Praxen der Ergotherapie, Logopädie und Physiotherapie (ELP) zu untersuchen, um diese Herausforderungen zu adressieren. Mittels qualitativer Methoden wurden Therapeuten/-innen in zwei Fokusgruppen hinsichtlich ihrer Ansichten zur Interprofessionalität und dem aktuellen Einsatz von digitalen Medien befragt und darauf aufbauend Wünsche und Anforderungen an ein digitales Medium zur Unterstützung der interprofessionellen Zusammenarbeit (IZ) gesammelt. Mittels der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Kuckartz wurden die Kernaussagen entlang von Hauptkategorien wie „Berufliches Selbstverständnis ELP“, „Barrieren IZ“ und „Wünsche an ein digitales Medium“ zusammengefasst und die Kategorien in einer Concept-Map eingeordnet. Das Ergebnis umfasst eine erste Definition der „Digitalen Interprofessionalität“. Diese beschreibt eine berufsgruppenübergreifende Arbeitsweise, unterstützt durch ein digitales Medium zur Verbesserung der Kommunikation und der Patientenversorgung. Außerdem konnte aus den Aussagen der Teilnehmenden ein Framework generiert werden, welches zum einen Rahmenbedingungen zur Nutzung, wie Abrechnungsmöglichkeiten und Datenschutzregelungen, beinhaltet. Zum anderen sind gewünschte Funktionen sowie Gestaltungsideen abgebildet, beispielsweise ein Forum und intuitives Design. Die Ergebnisse der Studie bestätigen in der Literatur angeführte Barrieren der IZ, vor allem durch die Heilmittelrichtlinien, und verdeutlichen die Diskrepanz von Wünschen und Möglichkeiten. Mit der vorgeschlagenen Definition von digitaler Interprofessionalität wird, unter Einbezug der Digitalisierung, eine neue Perspektive auf IZ zwischen ELP eröffnet. Das Framework bietet Kriterien, welche in die Entwicklung eines ersten Prototypens einfließen können.
The Deaf Heritage Collective: Collaboration with Critical Intent
Authors: Jamieson Kirstie , Discepoli Marta , Leith Ella
Published: June 2021

The paper reflects upon the Deaf Heritage Collective, a collaborative project led by Edinburgh Napier University’s Design for Heritage team and Heriot Watt’s Centre for Translation And Interpreting Studies. The project aimed to advance discussion around the British Sign Language Act (Scottish Government 2015) and bring into being a network of Deaf communities and cultural heritage organisations committed to promoting BSL in public life. The aim of this paper is to contextualise the project and its creative approach within the distinctly Scottish context, and the ideals of critical heritage, critical design and the museum activist movement. This paper presents the context and creative processes by which we engaged participants in debate and the struggles we encountered. We describe these processes and the primacy of collaborative making as a mode of inquiry. We argue that by curating a workshop space where different types of knowledge were valorised and where participants were encouraged to “think with” materials (Rockwell and Mactavish 2004) we were able to challenge the balance of power between heritage professionals and members of the Deaf community. By harnessing the explanatory power of collaborative making we debated the assemblages of epistemic inequality, and the imagined futures of Deaf heritage in Scotland.
Death by Poisoning: Cautionary Narratives and Inter-Ethnic Accusations in Contemporary Sikkim
Authors: Bhutia Kikee D.
Published: June 2021

The Sikkimese are a multi-ethnic community in a Himalayan sub-region in India. Even though the majority of the population is Hindu and Nepalese, the minority Buddhist and Bhutia/Lepcha communities are very strong. Death by poisoning is a common occurrence among the Sikkimese, and it is often ambiguous and subject to suspicion. Narrated initially as traditional cautionary tales, these belief narratives have been used against the multi-ethnic communities that reside in Sikkim, leading to real-world accusations. The article explores how belief in, and narratives related to, poison, poisoning, poison keepers and the poison deity are used to justify the demonisation and othering of a community.
Marginalisation, Revolt and Adaptation: on Changing the Mayamara Tradition
Authors: Saikia Baburam
Published: June 2021

Assam is a land of complex history and folklore situated in North East India where religious beliefs, both institutional and vernacular, are part and parcel of lived folk cultures. Amid the domination and growth of Goddess worshiping cults (sakta) in Assam, the sattra unit of religious and socio-cultural institutions came into being as a result of the neo-Vaishnava movement led by Sankaradeva (1449–1568) and his chief disciple Madhavadeva (1489–1596). Kalasamhati is one among the four basic religious sects of the sattras, spread mainly among the subdued communities in Assam. Mayamara could be considered a subsect under Kalasamhati. Aniruddhadeva (1553–1626) preached the Mayamara doctrine among his devotees on the north bank of the Brahmaputra river. Later his inclusive religious behaviour and magical skill influenced many locals to convert to the Mayamara faith. Ritualistic features are a very significant part of Mayamara devotee’s lives. Among the locals there are some narrative variations and disputes about stories and terminologies of the tradition. Adaptations of religious elements in their faith from Indigenous sources have led to the question of their recognition in the mainstream neo-Vaishnava order. In the context of Mayamara tradition, the connection between folklore and history is very much intertwined. Therefore, this paper focuses on marginalisation, revolt in the community and narrative interpretation on the basis of folkloristic and historical groundings. The discussion will reflect upon the beliefs, ritualistic aspects, and myths of the tradition. Fieldwork materials will be employed to discuss the tension between local practices and mainstream neo-Vaishnava influence.
“Kox Kwai Kauv Kox Kwai “:1 Ecopoetic Symbolisation in Pgaz K’nyau Oral Poetry
Authors: Ribó Ignasi , Samachitloed Sitthichok , Noopan Prapawarin , Satrakom Chanakan , Kotchamit Papawarin
Published: June 2021

This article* presents the transcription, translation, and annotation of an original performance of hta, a traditional form of oral poetry in Sgaw, the language of the Pgaz K’Nyau (Karen) people of northern Thailand. This performance was recorded during ethnopoetic fieldwork carried out in two villages in the province of Chiang Rai.2 The hta is then analysed to understand the operations of ecopoetic symbolisation that bring particular nonhumans into the domain of human language. This analysis reveals that a metaphorical mode of symbolisation is extensively used throughout the hta to overcome human/nonhuman allotopies by means of implicit or explicit semic transformations. This seems to indicate that a naturalistic mode of identification underlies the whole poem, a conclusion that calls into question the essentialising and mythifying portrayal of the Pgaz K’Nyau as pre-modern and animistic indigenous stewards.
The Prince’s Wings: Possible Origin of the Tale Type and its Early Chinese Variants
Authors: Starostina Aglaia
Published: June 2021

The article* aims to clarify the relations between the early versions of tale type ATU 575. Examining the range of Chinese accounts concerning various wooden birds, the author concludes that two groups can be distinguished. The first consists of stories about flying wooden kite-like birds that are not used as vehicles, while in the second, we deal with wooden birds that can carry people. Records belonging to the second group and evidently having their origin in Indian and Central Asian folk tradition appear later in China. An attempt is made to restore possible outlines of the tale type’s ancestral stories. The article states that the tale of an enamoured weaver in the Panchatantra evolves from the structure of such an ancestral story.
Adoption of Good Agricultural Practice to Increase Yield and Profit of Ginger Farming in Nepal
Authors: Baral Rudra , Kafle Bishnu Prasad , Panday Dinesh , Shrestha Jiban , Min Doohong
Published: June 2021

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is one of the major high-value cash crops in Nepal. Low yield, conventional farming, and limited access to production resources such as improved cultivars, production technologies, and extension services are the existing problems of Nepali ginger farmers. In this study, we conducted community based-participatory research in Ilam district, Nepal, in 2015–2017. This research aimed to explore the appropriate ginger farming technology considering yield, income, and environment. We compared the effect of four different ginger production technologies on ginger yield and net farm income that include: i) traditional practice with mother rhizome harvest, ii) traditional practice without mother rhizome harvest, iii) good agricultural practice (GAP) with mother rhizome harvest, and iv) GAP without mother rhizome harvest. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with five replications. The yield of ginger under GAP and without mother rhizome harvest was observed 17.9 t·ha−1, which was 39.8% higher than the farmers’ existing practices and 45.5% higher than the national average. The cost of production was almost the same in all treatments; however, the GAP with mother rhizome-harvested treatment gave the highest benefit–cost ratio (1.5) along with the maximum net farm income ($2072.6·ha−1·year−1). Thus, we suggest ginger producers adopting GAP rules to obtain a higher yield and harvesting mother rhizomes earlier for obtaining maximum profit. The GAP rules will additionally protect the environment. This study also suggests policymakers and related stakeholders promoting GAP as a sustainable production technology in agriculture-based countries like Nepal.
Simulation of boronizing kinetics of ASTM A36 steel with the alternative kinetic model and the integral method
Authors: Abdellah Z. Nait , Keddam M. , Jurči P.
Published: June 2021

In this study, two different mathematical models have been proposed for estimating the diffusivities of boron in the Fe2B layer on ASTM A36 steel in the range of 1173 to 1273 K with exposure times of 2 to 8 h. The boride incubation period required for the formation of such a layer was constant regardless of the boriding conditions. In both approaches, the boron diffusivity in the iron phase was considered in an unsaturated matrix. The first approach was derived from the mass balance equation at the (Fe2B/substrate) interface while the second approach employed the integral diffusion model. The calculated values of boron activation energies for ASTM A36 steel were found to be very comparable for the two approaches (161.65 and 160.96 and kJ mol-1). Afterwards, these values of activation energy were confronted with the results from the literature. Experimental validation of these two approaches has been done by comparing the experimental value of Fe2B layer thickness measured at 1123 K for 2.5 h with the simulated values. Finally, the predicted values of Fe2B layer thickness were in line with the experimental measurement.
The effect of hopelessness on violence tendency: Turkish football fans
Authors: Yalcin Ilimdar , Ekinci Nurullah Emir , Ayhan Cihan
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the hopelessness and violence tendency of football fans and to investigate the differences between these variables and various demographic variables. The research group was formed by 398 male volunteer football fans who watched the Elazigspor (Sports Toto 1st League
) matches in the 2018-2019 season in Turkey. In addition to demographic variables in the study, the Violent Trend Scale and Beck Hopelessness Scale were used. The SPSS program was used to analyze the data. Independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, pearson correlation, and linear regression analysis were used in the analysis of the data. In the findings of the research, it was determined that there was a moderate positive relationship between the variable of hopelessness and the tendency toward violence. It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference in the tendency toward violence according to the variables of fans going to away games, the duration of watching matches at the stadium, and with whom fans watched the matches. As a result, as the level of fans’ hopelessness increased, it was observed that there was an increase in violent tendencies. In addition, those who went to watch away matches, those who watched matches at the stadium for a long period of time, and those who went to watch matches with friends were found to have high levels of violent tendencies.
A needs assessment study on refugees’ inclusion through physical education and sport. Are we ready for this challenge?
Authors: Papageorgiou Eleftheria , Digelidis Nikolaos , Syrmpas Ioannis , Papaioannou Athanasios
Published: June 2021

In recent years, European countries have become hosting destinations for thousands of people who have been forced to leave their home countries. Greece is one of the main European hosting countries of refugees, especially children. Thus, the pupil population is gradually changing and the need for intercultural education is increasing. Physical education (PE) and sports have been recorded as suitable contexts for this process. However, there are still many challenges present in these contexts. The following study attempts to present the perceptions of PE teachers, coaches, and academics on the inclusion of refugees in PE and sports. Fifteen PE teachers/coaches and academics involved in the field of intercultural education participated in the study. A phenomenological approach was followed through semi-structured interviews. The method of thematic analysis was chosen to analyze the data. While all the participants considered PE and sports to be the most suitable contexts for the inclusion of refugees, they emphasized certain barriers to be overcome: the lack of training for PE teachers and coaches, prejudices of the parents of both natives and refugees, and refugees’ socioeconomic status and gender issues. Participants also shared their ideas for an adequate training program to improve PE teachers’ and coaches’ attitudes and promote their knowledge and skills regarding the inclusion of refugees. The participants underlined the need for intercultural education and well-structured training programs to properly manage culturally diverse environments.
Learning to teach and play futsal using digital tablets: What knowledge do sports science students mobilize?
Authors: Le Paven Maël , Clayton Rebecca , Kermarrec Gilles
Published: June 2021

There is little research on the knowledge mobilized by sports science students when they learn to play a sport by learning to teach it. This study focuses on the benefits of using digital tablets to foster this learning during a university teaching module in futsal with students in the second year of a sports science bachelor’s degree. We compare the knowledge mobilized by these students during self-confrontation interviews (based on video recordings of the sessions), game situations, reciprocal coaching and debates of ideas. We then identify the nature of this knowledge and the strategies for its mobilization in context using a framework mainly based on didactics in physical education (Amade-Escot, 2006; Armour, 2011) and on pedagogical content knowledge studies (Shulman, 1986). The students were divided into two experimental conditions following the same pedagogical curriculum. The students in condition 1 used digital tablets to film themselves, tag videos and discuss the recordings. The students in condition 2 did not use tablets. The interviews were conducted twice during the teaching module: first during period 1 (beginning of the module) and then during period 2 (end of the module). The results show that students in condition 1 were more likely to mobilize shared knowledge, make decisions through cooperation and even devolve the construction of tactical reasoning and knowledge by their peers following the didactic approach of the faculty teacher as early as period 1. This promoted access to the construction and meaning of teaching and learning content. These results are discussed in light of the current challenges within educational systems and of the joint development of interactional skills for learning to cooperate and even to teach.
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-II deficiency: case presentation and review of the literature
Authors: Mccormick Benjamin J. , Chirila Razvan M.
Published: June 2021

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-II deficiency, an autosomal recessive disorder, is the most common cause of recurrent rhabdomyolysis in adults. Recognition and avoidance of triggers, such as heavy exercise and stress, is key in prevention of further episodes; however, even with preventative measures, many patients will continue to experience periodic symptoms, including rhabdomyolysis. Avoidance of renal failure, correction of electrolyte disturbances and halting further muscle breakdown are the goals of treatment. It is essential for clinicians to recognize the signs and symptoms of acute disease in CPT-II deficiency. We present a case of recurrent rhabdomyolysis requiring hospitalization in a patient with CPT-II deficiency and review the literature for common clinical manifestations, diagnostics, and treatment strategies.
Comparative Analysis of Local Community Protection Mechanisms in Kosovo and North Macedonia
Authors: Binaku Artan , Memeti Memet
Published: June 2021

The objective of this paper is to provide a comparative analysis of local community protection mechanisms in Kosovo and North Macedonia. The intention is to comparatively analyze the community protection mechanism’s differences and similarities and their establishment in both countries. Requirements on community protection mechanisms as tools for ensuring community rights will be elaborated with two institutional settings and succinct legal infrastructure. The establishment of the community-led mechanisms debate has been increasingly conductive to Kosovo and North Macedonia since the inter-ethnic conflicts that these two states were involved in. For that particular reason, Kosovo and North Macedonia have initiated the design of community protection mechanisms to foster inter-community communication, tension easing, and serving as a means and tool for communities’ inclusiveness in local and central institutional affairs.

In doing this analysis, two primary legal documents in Kosovo and North Macedonia, the proposed plan settlement of the former United Nations special envoy Martii Ahtisaari in Kosovo and the Ohrid Framework Agreement in North Macedonia, will lead to conclusive comparative findings. Further, the comparative analysis will extend to elaborating Kosovo’s and North Macedonia’s legislative framework, such as their constitutions, community protection laws, and local governance legislation.

The importance of the paper also extends to comparing the community protection mechanisms between two countries in finding potential differences and parities between the community protection mechanisms in Kosovo and North Macedonia.

Finally, the analysis will provide a theoretical understanding of the local community protection mechanisms framework, focusing on establishing community protection mechanisms, legal requirements, and successes these mechanisms have brought to both countries’ institutional settings.
Protection of the Rights of Parties, Participants and Third Parties During Enforcement in Republic of North Macedonia
Authors: Etemi-Ademi Bukurije , Zendeli Emine
Published: June 2021

The aim of this paper is to analyze the protection offered to parties, participants and third parties during enforcement, as one of the most important requirements of the enforcement procedure. Having in mind that bailiffs except for implementing enforcement, they are also competent to determine the means by which creditors’ claims will be fulfilled. The realization of the creditors’ claims does not mean use of any kind of measure or enforcement procedural activity. In this context the authors review ways in which debtors and their family members can be protected during enforcement actions, such as measures of exclusion and restriction of enforcement on the debtor’s items and income. Furthermore, the authors elaborate other legal and important ways for protection of parties, participants and third parties, such as opposition to illegality and complaints provided by the Law on Enforcement.

In this regard, results of this research have shown that the RNM is making efforts to create a more effective enforcement system, which includes guarantees not only for the protection of the creditor and the debtor as a party, but also for the participants and third parties. From the enforcement experiences of citizens were reported dissatisfaction and complaints of citizens regarding the performance of bailiffs, namely taking the necessary means of subsistence form them. To avoid this situation Amendments on the Law on Enforcement in 2020 were brought, so the legal framework was clarified in terms of measures for exclusion and restriction of enforcement. This resulted in the prevention of economic damage of debtors and their family, because now no action can be taken if the debtor has an average salary or pension. Extraordinary legal remedies in enforcement proceeding are excluded, but there are other safeguards that are related to enforcement process but are not regulated by the Law on Enforcement.
Fiscal Decentralization and Alternative Financial Sources for the Local Self-Government in Republic of North Macedonia - Overview
Authors: Mazllami Jeton
Published: June 2021

Local governance in developing countries demonstrates many problems related to financial sources and good governance of their finances. Local Self-Government (LSG) units in the Republic of North Macedonia are very small which results in a lack of capabilities to raise enough funds to offer delegated services. The local government in the Republic of North Macedonia centralizes almost all public finance. Local budgets depend heavily on state transfers and donations from the central budget. The lack of funds remained a crucial problem even though there were some attempts for the decentralization process. Practically, governments in many of the local governments in North Macedonia could not secure their resources. In this way, they could come with specific charges, but all taxes are decided by the central government. The practice showed that local governments before borrowing needs to be approved by the Ministry of Finance.

The Republic of North Macedonia as a potential candidate to join the European Union should make several changes regarding the legislation during the process of accession to benefit from being a small candidate country. The main aim of this paper is to investigate alternative financial sources such are Municipal Bonds, Partnership Sukuk securities, and PPP. Unfortunately, many financial alternatives have not been able to be implemented due to failures in reforms and good financial governance. But they remain an open opportunity for developing a local government in the future.
Data Mining Approach Improving Decision-Making Competency along the Business Digital Transformation Journey: A Case Study – Home Appliances after Sales Service
Authors: Mydyti Hyrmet
Published: June 2021

Data mining, as an essential part of artificial intelligence, is a powerful digital technology, which makes businesses predict future trends and alleviate the process of decision-making and enhancing customer experience along their digital transformation journey. This research provides a practical implication – a case study - to provide guidance on analyzing information and predicting repairs in home appliances after sales services business.

The main benefit of this practical comparative study of various classification algorithms, by using the Weka tool, is the analysis of information and the prediction of repairs in the home appliances after sales services business. The comparison of algorithms is performed considering different parameters, such as the mean absolute error, root mean square error, relative absolute error and root relative squared error, receiver operating characteristic area, accuracy, Matthews’s correlation coefficient, precision-recall curve, precision, F-measure, recall and statistical criteria. Five classification algorithms such as the Naive Bayes, J48, random forest, K-Nearest Neighbor, and logistic regression were implemented in the dataset. J48 has proved to provide the best accuracy and the lowest error among the other examined algorithms applied to a home appliances after sales services dataset to predict repairs based on product guarantee period.

The extracted information and results of an after sales services business by using data mining techniques prove to alleviate the process of streamlining decision-making and provide reliable predictions, especially for the customers, as well as increase businesses’ efficiency along their digital transformation journey.
Characteristics of Juvenile Delinquency with Special Emphasis on Juveniles as Child Sexual Abusers
Authors: Ratkoceri Vedije , Ibis Ebru
Published: June 2021

The paper is composed of two parts. The first part covers juvenile delinquency with all its characteristics. When analyzing the delinquency, we gave a special place to the socio-pathological phenomena which is more and more present and the rate is higher from year to year. Social pathology is a huge issue that requires special commitment, first, for its detection and then prevention. Within the delinquency, we also cover the most common crimes committed by juveniles.

In the second part of this paper, the authors deal in more details with a specific form of crime which can also be committed by juveniles: child sexual abuse and pedophilia. First, the difference between child sexual abuse and pedophilia will be discussed, a difference that is of particular importance in cases where minors are abusers. Furthermore, the main characteristics of cases when both perpetrators and victims of sexual abuse are minors will be addressed. Although these criminal offenses are rarer in practice unlike the criminal offenses and deviant behaviors treated in the first part, however, knowing the main characteristics and specifics of such cases is of particular importance for the legal-criminal treatment of the perpetrators of these criminal offenses.