bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis de Ciclo de Vida de estufas de leña usadas en México
Authors: Ruiz-García Víctor Manuel , Fuentes Gutierrez Alfredo Fernando
Published: October 2024

Actualmente, en el mundo existe un uso de tecnologías obsoletas para satisfacer necesidades de cocción y calentamiento de agua en zonas rurales. Estas tecnologías tienen emisiones con impactos al medio ambiente, lo que contribuye al cambo climático. Este estudio realiza un Análisis de Ciclo de Vida en la categoría de impacto de Potencial de Calentamiento Global (CO2e) en seis dispositivos que utilizan leña y que son representativos de México y Centroamérica. Como parte de este análisis se integran mediciones de emisiones y consumos energéticos típicos de tareas de cocinado y calentamiento de agua. Dispositivos como el fuego abierto tienen aportaciones nulas de CO2e en la construcción, pero representan las mayores emisiones y consumos energéticos en un día típico de cocinado. Por otro lado, estufas como la Patsari y la Onil, contribuyen a mitigar emisiones de CO2e en largo plazo. Las principales aportaciones de CO2e se producen en el uso final. Este análisis es útil en la toma de decisiones para implementación de programas masivos de estufas.
MEMAHAMI EKSISTENSI ALLAH DAN IMPLIKASINYA PADA MASA KINI
Authors: Montang Ricky Donald
Published: October 2024

Memahami eksistensi Allah merupakan sesuatu yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan semua manusia yang adalah ciptaan Allah.  Merupakan suatu kewajiban bagi semua orang untuk memahami Sang penciptanya dengan baik dan benar.  Mengapa harus memahami Sang pencipta dengan baik dan benar? Karena pemahaman yang baik dan benar tentang Sang pencipta akan sangat menentukan kehidupan manusia sekarang ini. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah adalah jenis kualitatif melalui metode studi pustaka (library research). Tahapan dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara menghimpun beberapa sumber kepustakaan, baik yang bersifat primer maupun sekunder. Menyadari akan keberadaan Allah secara baik dan benar, mengharuskan umat-Nya untuk menyembah-Nya, memuliakan-Nya dan menyaksikan-Nya dalam segala aspek kehidupan manusia sebagai ciptaan-Nya.
Optimizing talent identification and development in finswimming athletes: Challenges and innovative solutions
Authors: Rizky Muhammad Yanuar , Kusnanik Nining Widyah , Wiriawan Oce , Hariyanto Agus , Marsudi Imam , Lumintuarso Ria , Anugrah Sendy Mohamad , Resmana Dadan
Published: October 2024

The main objective of this article is to highlight the components of anthropometry, biomotor abilities, and skills related to the identification and development of young athletes’ talent and to propose several possible solutions that practitioners and researchers can consider to optimize talent identification. A total of 60 Intermediate First students were recruited and tested for anthropometry, biomotor abilities, and skills. The subjects selected for this study were chosen based on the criteria that they had participated in extracurricular swimming activities and could swim freestyle for 50 meters. The results show that anthropometry is an important factor, with the following values: height (TB) 0.895a, lean body weight (BBTL) 0.832a, leg length (PTU) 0.819a, hand length (PTA) 0.738a, arm span (RL) 0.705a, and body weight (BB) 0.682a. The biomotor values are as follows: explosive power of leg muscles (DLOT) 0.896a, left ankle dorsiflexion (ADFKI) 0.797a, leg muscle strength (KOT) 0.701a, right ankle dorsiflexion (ADFKA) 0.683a, explosive power of arm muscles (DLOL) 0.638a, arm muscle strength (KOL) 0.637a, left ankle plantar flexion (APLKA) 0.514a, and right ankle plantar flexion (APLKI) 0.545a. Several skill characteristics that significantly influence bi-fin swimming athletes’ talents include breathing using a snorkel (BMS) 0.579a, swimming 100 meters using a snorkel and fins (B100) 0.532a, and underwater kicking for 15 meters (UW15) 0.500a. These findings provide proof that components of anthropometry (BB, TB, PTU, PTA, RL, and BBTL), biomotor abilities (KOT, ADFKI, ADFKA, APFKI, APFKA, KOL, DLOT, and DLOL), and skills (BMS, B100, and UW15) related to the identification and development of young athletes’ talent in finswimming (bi-fins) can provide solutions and a strong foundation to support the development of athletes’ talent. However, further research is required to confirm and validate this finding.
Relationship between training volume and overuse injuries in female volleyball players
Authors: Putri Adelia Kurnia , Dewangga Mahendra Wahyu
Published: October 2024

Problems and Purpose. Overuse injuries are a result of repetitive stress without sufficient recovery, and female volleyball players are known to have high risk of overuse injuries due to the cumulative impact of these repetitive actions. Overuse injuries can occur due to high training volume, which is important for skill development. This raises the potential for overuse injuries. For this reason, the study was conducted to evaluate the correlation between training volume and the incidence of overuse injuries in female volleyball players.
Materials and methods. This study used a cohort research design to evaluate the correlation between training volume and the incidence of overuse injuries in female volleyball players, using a questionnaire to collect demographic data such as age, weight, height, exercise history, and previous injury history and OSTRC to collect data regarding the incidence, severity, and impact of overuse injuries on sport participation and daily activities. The sample consisted of 48 female volleyball players of Yusso Yogyakarta club.
Results. Out of 48 respondents, 42 athletes had experienced injuries. Based on the OSTRC measurement there were 22 athletes had no injuries on their knees, while 12 athletes had mild injuries to their knees, 8 athletes had moderate injuries to their knees, 6 people had severe injuries to their knees and none. For lower back injuries, 12 athletes did not suffer any, 30 experienced mild injuries, 6 experienced moderate injuries, 6 experienced severe injuries, and 2 experienced very severe injuries. And for the shoulder area, there were 18 athletes were not injuried, 12 athletes had mild injuries, 14 athletes had moderate injuries, 2 athletes had severe injuries, and 2 others had suffered very severe injuries. The correlation between training volume and the incidence of overuse injuries in female volleyball players was tested using the Spearman test. It was found that the amount of training per week influence knee overuse injury with a significant value of 0.001. The amount of exercise per week also correlates with the incidents of low back overuse injury (significance value of 0.043) and overuse injuries in the shoulder area (significance value of 0.034).
Conclusion. This study found that high volume training increases the risk of injury excess in female volleyball players, such as shoulder, knee and wrist injuries. Therefore, It is important to develop a balanced excercise program that includes rest periods and recovery to prevent injury.
Effects of adding core stability training to conventional rehabilitation protocol on shoulder function after rotator cuff repair
Authors: Mohamed Alaa I. , Shalaby Mohamed E. , Fadel Mohie E. , Soliman Elsadat S.
Published: October 2024

Background. Rotator cuff tear (RCT) is a prevalent cause leading to shoulder disability and is widely recognized as one of the primary causes of pain as well as dysfunction in the shoulder. The core stabilization exercise program improved the strength of the shoulder muscles. The core stability training (CST) may be utilized during the early phases of shoulder rehabilitation.
Purpose. To assess the impacts of adding CST to the conventional rehabilitation protocol on function, proprioception, as well as range of motion (ROM) of shoulder joint following rotator cuff repair (RCR).
Methods. Fifty-two participants after RCR were assigned to two groups in a random manner; group I (n = 26) and group II (n = 26). Participants in groups I and II were engaged in a conventional rehabilitation protocol for 12 weeks after RCR. Group II additionally performed CST after the 8th week until the 12th week of RCR. Outcome measures were shoulder function using the Arabic shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI), shoulder joint position sense (JPS) (proprioception accuracy through detecting absolute angle of error) using digital inclinometer, ROM in shoulder flexion, abduction, internal rotation, as well as external rotation using the digital inclinometer. Unpaired t-test, chi square, and MANOVA test were implemented for data analysis.
Results. Compared to the pre-treatment condition, the post treatment results revealed that there were statistical substantial improvements (p < 0.05) in SPADI score, absolute angle of error, and ROM flexion, abduction, external rotation and internal rotation) in both groups, even though there were substantial differences among both groups at all post-treatment measures (p < 0.05) in favor of group II.
Conclusion. Incorporating CST into the conventional rehabilitation protocol after RCR leads to notable enhancements in shoulder joint function, proprioception, and ROM for flexion, abduction, internal rotation, as well as external rotation.
The role of the school environment in the development of fine motor skills of elementary school students
Authors: Putro Ahmad Agung Yuwono , Muhammad Azamul Fadhly Noor , Hadiono  , Septarianto Tomi Wahyu
Published: October 2024

This study examines how the school environment affects elementary school children’s fine motor skills. Through direct observation and interviews, it was found that a well-designed school environment involving the whole school community (teachers, parents, students) is essential for developing children’s fine motor skills. Collaboration with physiotherapists has also been proven effective in improving children’s motor skills through specialized exercises.
Desarrollo de una aplicación de escritorio para la impresión de tickets en los sistemas de punto de venta de la empresa PUYU
Authors: Choquehuallpa-Hurtado Oscar , Bustinza Mendoza Jonathan , Aquino Cruz Mario
Published: October 2024

Este trabajo de investigación presenta la implementación de una aplicación de escritorio para la impresión de tickets, el sistema de punto venta consume el API de la aplicación para imprimir varios tipos de documentos en diferentes tipos de ticketeras. Es una investigación de tipo aplicada y alcance descriptivo, la implementación de la aplicación se realizó utilizando la metodología ágil Scrum. Las pruebas se realizaron en la pizzería Il Gatto ubicado en la provincia de Andahuaylas; asimismo se aplicó un cuestionario a 4 personas que consta de 8 preguntas, en la que se obtuvo un puntaje general de 4.6 en una escala del 1 al 5, lo cual manifiesta que los usuarios están satisfechos con la usabilidad de la aplicación.
Revisión sistemática de la evolución de los asistentes virtuales: desde los primeros Chatbots hasta la IA conversacional
Authors: Pareja Arredondo Flor Cintia , Carrasco Taipe Jaime Iván , Aquino Cruz Mario
Published: October 2024

La evolución de los asistentes virtuales ha sido un proceso progresivo, desde los primeros intentos por imitar la conversación humana hasta los modelos avanzados de inteligencia artificial que vemos hoy en día. Este artículo presenta una revisión sistemática cuyo objetivo es analizar los avances más importantes en el desarrollo de estos asistentes, enfocándose en tres áreas clave: procesamiento del lenguaje natural (PLN), aprendizaje automático y redes neuronales profundas. La metodología se basó en la revisión de literatura relevante sobre el desarrollo y la implementación de estos modelos. Entre los resultados, se destaca la introducción de ELIZA (1966), un chatbot pionero, pero limitado, seguido por PARRY (1972) y ALICE (1995), que mejoraron en el modelado emocional y el PLN, aunque seguían basados en reglas predefinidas. Asistentes más recientes como Siri (2011) y Alexa (2014) integraron aprendizaje automático y redes neuronales profundas, logrando una mayor precisión y personalización en las interacciones. ChatGPT (2020) es el avance más reciente, capaz de generar respuestas coherentes en tiempo real. Las conclusiones sugieren que, a pesar de los avances, aún existen limitaciones en áreas como la personalización y la comprensión emocional. Se recomienda que la investigación futura aborde estos desafíos para mejorar la interacción humano-máquina.
Detección de enfermedades en hojas de tubérculos a través de redes neuronales: revisión sistemática de literatura
Authors: Sánchez Espinoza Rosmery , Meza Tantalla Yennifer , Aquino Cruz Mario
Published: October 2024

Las enfermedades en las hojas de tubérculos, como la papa y la yuca, afectan significativamente la producción y calidad de los cultivos. La detección temprana es crucial para mitigar pérdidas, pero los métodos visuales tradicionales son ineficientes y propensos a errores. Los avances en inteligencia artificial (IA) han abierto nuevas posibilidades para automatizar este proceso. Este artículo revisa sistemáticamente la literatura sobre el uso de redes neuronales convolucionales (CNN) y otros enfoques de aprendizaje profundo para identificar enfermedades en hojas de tubérculos, siguiendo las pautas de Kitchenham. Se evaluaron estudios clave que emplean CNN, modelos de aprendizaje por transferencia y técnicas de preprocesamiento de imágenes en el diagnóstico de enfermedades. Desde 2020, la investigación ha aumentado, mostrando la efectividad de estos métodos frente a los tradicionales. No obstante, persisten desafíos relacionados con la disponibilidad de conjuntos de datos adecuados y la implementación práctica en entornos agrícolas. Esta revisión destaca el potencial de las técnicas basadas en IA para mejorar la detección de enfermedades y contribuir a la sostenibilidad agrícola.
INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS AND USE OF E-RESOURCES IN THE FACULTY LIBRARY BY STUDENTS OF THE FACULTY OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN, NIGERIA
Authors: Adekunjo Olalekan Abraham , Odion Fredrick , Unuabor Stanley Omondiale
Published: October 2024

The use of electronic resources (e-resources) has become essential in the digital age for improving students' educational experiences all over the world. Despite the abundance of digital resources, it is still difficult to effectively incorporate these tools into the learning process, especially in the context of higher education institutions in Nigeria. As information specialists, librarians are in the front lines of helping students navigate the complicated world of e-resources by offering them advice, assistance, and guidelines. Their proficiency with retrieval systems, metadata organization, and user instruction improves students' capacity to use e- resources for academic research and learning. This study looks into the relationship between institutional factors and the use of e-resources by students of Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ibadan. The study employed a descriptive survey design, while the random sampling technique was used to select 400 respondents among undergraduate and postgraduate students of Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ibadan, from whom data was collected through the aid of a questionnaire. The study found that the use of e-resources in the faculty library among the respondents was fairly high and the resources used include e-journals, e-books, Internet services, e-mail services and OPAC. It also found that the institutional factors that affect use of e-resources among the respondents include availability of computers, electricity supply, network speed, availability of login details, Internet connectivity, etc. The study hereby concludes that institutional factors determine the use of e-resources among students of Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ibadan.
HARNESSING THE OPPORTUNITIES IDENTIFICATION IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE FOR ENTREPRENEURIAL CREATION AND GROWTH IN NIGERIA
Authors: Ibrahim Nura , Abubakar Muktar , Tukur Bello , Bello Jamilu
Published: October 2024

This paper discussed opportunities identification in Library and Information Science (LIS) for entrepreneurial creation and growth in Nigeria. The paper was gathered from secondary sources of information which were obtained from text books, journals articles, online sources etc. It highlighted entrepreneurial opportunities in LIS, opportunity identification processes, factors influence business opportunity identification, source of fund and entrepreneurial creation and growth. These will however contribute to the increase of identification of an ideas and subsequent creation of new businesses by LIS graduate to become self-reliant. However, entrepreneurship is acknowledged as a crucial element in reducing poverty and providing a remedy for the high rate of unemployment in our nation since it creates jobs and adds value to society through innovation. Nigerian government cannot provide job for all graduate after graduation, therefore there is need for library and information graduate to have the knowledge and skills on how to become self-reliant.
Wenn die Eins fluide wird
Authors: Müller Tobi
Published: October 2024

PC Nackt hat ein Label für Theatermusik gegründet, Naked Records. Lohnt sich das, was haben TV-Serien damit zu tun, und wie nennt man ein Genre, das es noch nicht gibt? Ein Treffen mit dem Komponisten auf einem kleinen Kahn der Freiheit

Von Tobi Müller
Peritoneal Dialysis in Paediatric Acute Kidney Injury in Intensive Care Units: Prescription and Management
Authors: Djahida Batouche Djamila , Batouche Djilali , Addou Zakaria-Zoheir , Boumendil Dalila , Souhila Bouchama Fatima
Published: October 2024

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined by a rapid decrease in glomerular filtration rate, leading to disruption of physiological functions, including impaired excretion of nitrogenous waste products, hydroelectrolytic disorders, and disturbance of acid-base balance. AKI is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in severely affected infants and children, and its treatment, apart from symptomatic, etiological treatment, involves renal replacement therapy (intermittent haemodialysis, haemodialfiltration, haemofiltration, and peritoneal dialysis). In paediatric intensive care unit, emergency peritoneal dialysis (PD) is often the only possible technique for renal replacement therapy. It is easy to set up by the intensive care anaesthetist, or paediatric surgeon and uses the mechanisms of diffusion and osmosis (ultrafiltration). The anatomical properties of the peritoneum enable water and solute exchange. Solutions in bag form are available in isotonic or hypertonic concentrations, and their use depends on the clinical indications. PD has many advantages over other dialysis techniques, but there are some complications inherent in PD that need to be addressed by therapeutic protocols.
Neuromorphic Computing: Cutting-Edge Advances and Future Directions
Authors: Kamble Girish U. , Patil Chandrashekhar S. , Alman Vidya V. , Kundale Somnath S. , Hyeok Kim Jin
Published: October 2024

Neuromorphic computing draws motivation from the human brain and presents a distinctive substitute for the traditional von Neumann architecture. Neuromorphic systems provide simultaneous data analysis, energy efficiency, and error resistance by simulating neural networks. They promote innovations in eHealth, science, education, transportation, smart city planning, and the metaverse, spurred on by deep learning and artificial intelligence. However, performance-focused thinking frequently ignores sustainability, emphasizing the need for harmony. Three primary domains comprise neuromorphic research: neuromorphic computing, which investigates biologically inspired data processing and alternative algorithms; neuromorphic devices, which utilize electronic and photonic advancements to fabricate novel nano-devices; and neuromorphic engineering, which replicates brain mechanisms using CMOS and post-CMOS technological advances. This chapter will discuss the current state of computing, the neuromorphic computing approach, established and upcoming technologies, material challenges, breakthrough computing concepts, and the advanced stage of emerging technologies. Along with software and algorithmic advancements in spike neural networks (SNNs) and neuromorphic learning algorithms, it will cover hardware improvements, such as memristors, synaptic devices, and neuromorphic processors. We will investigate applications in robotics, autonomous systems, edge computing, the Internet of Things (IoT), and sensory systems. In conclusion, the chapter will discuss future challenges and possibilities, emphasizing major findings and new research directions.
Review of Synthesis, Characteristics, and Applications of Doped Zinc Oxide Nanostructures
Authors: Hussain Hadba
Published: October 2024

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a unique material due to its physical and chemical properties, such as wide bandgap at room temperature (RT) (3.37 eV) and high binding energy (60 meV). This chapter contains the most important synthesis methods of doped ZnO nanostructure preparation. The most common methods for preparing nanoparticles (NPs) and thin films (TFs) are sol-gel, precipitation, and hydrothermal. The effects of doping appear in various forms and properties. Therefore, doped ZnO nanostructure characteristics are described to explain the structural properties, including the particle size measurement methods and the other features based on XRD data and others, and optical properties contain the approaches of bandgap energy calculations depending on UV-visible results, as well as electrical and magnetic properties. The doped ZnO nanostructures’ properties change after doping with metals and non-metals. The last part of the chapter illustrates the most prevalent and crucial applications, starting with medicine, followed by photocatalysis, photovoltaic, UV absorbers and photodetectors, and sensors, and finishing with a light-emitting diode (LED). This review provides valuable information when dealing with works related to pure and doped ZnO nanostructures.
Harnessing the Body, Breath, and Mind: Yoga Strategies for Resilience over Stress and Burnout in Public Service
Authors: Bhardwaj Praag , Ahuja Navdeep , Malik Parul , Sethi Dilasha , Singh Arpit , Pathania Monika
Published: October 2024

In the high-pressure environment of public service, professionals are frequently exposed to chronic stress and burnout, leading to significant physical, mental, and emotional health challenges. This chapter explores the physiological and psychological underpinnings of stress and burnout, providing a comprehensive overview of the yogic strategies that can be employed to foster resilience and well-being in this demanding field. The chapter delves into the effects of asanas on cardiovascular and orthopedic health, the impact of pranayama on mental stability and respiratory function, and the role of dhyana in enhancing cognitive control and ethical values. By integrating evidence-based yoga practices, public service professionals can develop a holistic approach to managing stress, improving overall health, and enhancing professional effectiveness. This chapter aims to bridge the gap between ancient yogic wisdom and modern scientific understanding, offering practical applications of yoga as a sustainable solution for the prevention and management of burnout in public service organizations.
Complex Magma Chamber Dynamics and Volcanic Activity in the Karapınar Volcanic Field: Insights from Mineral and Whole-Rock Chemistry – A Review
Authors: Gencoglu Korkmaz Gülin , Kurt Hüseyin
Published: October 2024

The thermal and material conditions of magma chambers influence magma mobilization processes and temporal dynamics, which are crucial for assessing volcanic hazards. Crystals preserve historical magma reservoir information, facilitating alignment with computational simulations. The Karapınar Volcanic Field (KPVF) in Central Anatolia, part of the Cappadocia Volcanic Province, serves as an ideal natural laboratory for studying monogenetic volcanism, characterized by scoria cones along a fault line, maars, and lava flows. Basaltic, basaltic andesitic, and andesitic lavas, along with their pyroclastics, are widespread in this region. The basaltic and basaltic andesitic lava flows incorporate various enclaves, such as magma mixing enclaves, cumulate enclaves, and xenocrysts. They also contain several ocelli, embayed-quartz xenocrysts, and densely sieved plagioclase megacrysts. Meke and Yılan maars exemplify intriguing maar volcanism, with basaltic andesitic lavas containing numerous enclaves. Interestingly, these mafic rocks contain zircon grains (generally found in felsic magmas). The presence of different types of enclaves, mineral textural properties, and zircon-bearing mafic rocks indicate complex magma chamber dynamics in the area. Moreover, whole-rock and mineral chemistry from KPVF reveal complex magmatic histories, emphasizing the presence of multiple feeding and plumbing systems that potentially trigger volcanic activity. Temporally and spatially, mineral chemistry analyses can provide high-resolution insights into the volcano-tectonic history of the region.
Perspective Chapter: Statistical Seismology
Authors: Şahin Şakir
Published: October 2024

Seismology, known as the science of earthquakes, is a branch of geophysics that studies earthquakes, seismic wave propagation within the earth, measurement instruments (seismographs) and seismic methods, evaluation of data, and other earthquake-related issues. Statistics is the science of collecting data accurately, learning from data, and transforming data and observations into information. Statistical seismology is the subject of transforming earthquake data into information by analyzing statistical methods, observing, predicting, and interpreting. It is the application of stochastic modeling into seismology. Even if all seismogenic structures and features that can cause an earthquake in a seismotectonic region are known, an earthquake is a natural event that occurs stochastically (randomly) in terms of its occurrence in temporal and spatial. Several probability models are used based on the random nature of the earthquake. Best-fit probability models have always been an important subject in statistical seismology. In this chapter, these subjects of statistical seismology are discussed.
Neuropilin-1: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Al-Zeheimi Noura , Adham Sirin A.
Published: October 2024

Despite the advanced methods to treat breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains challenging to manage due to the lack of specific targeted therapy. Research findings in the past two decades focused on providing evidence that the Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) protein enhances the progression and metastasis of breast cancer with more emphasis on TNBC; however, there are limited clinical trials to date to state its availability and validity as a biomarker or drug target for future clinical use. In this chapter, we summarized and discussed the available biomarkers for breast cancer and the different targeted therapies used. We also focused on NRP-1 and all the associated molecules that can be new targets for diagnosis and treatments, particularly for TNBC. This up-to-date chapter might spark the start of employing all the in vitro and in vivo findings to functionalize more serious clinical NRP-1 research and use.
Perspective Chapter: Stress and Children – Playgrounds to Build Physiological and Psychological Resilience to Children’s Community Capacity
Authors: J. Watts David
Published: October 2024

Stress among children is a universal challenge that transcends age and societal boundaries, manifesting through a spectrum of adverse health, psychological, and emotional effects. Acknowledging the varied sources of stress, from biological and environmental to cognitive and behavioral, underlines the necessity of fostering resilience within young individuals to enhance their adaptive capabilities and reduce stress experiences. This paper delves into the pivotal role of innovative playground design in bolstering child resilience, particularly through the integration of natural elements into play environments. Traditional playgrounds, with their focus on physical development, are reimagined to also nurture psychological well-being and emotional regulation, leveraging the therapeutic potential of nature. The concept of the seven Cs of child resilience—Competence, Confidence, Connection, Character, Contribution, Control, and Coping—serves as a foundational framework, guiding the creation of spaces that support both physiological and psychological aspects of child development. By transcending conventional design paradigms to embrace a holistic approach that prioritizes the inclusion of nature, this paper argues for playgrounds that not only entertain but also contribute significantly to the overall well-being and healthy development of children, equipping them with the resilience needed to navigate the stresses of life.
Innate Immunity in Tuberculosis
Authors: Chen Zonghai
Published: October 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) complex, which is one of the top 10 causes of death in the world. In recent years, the rising incidence rate of drug-resistant TB has posed a challenge to traditional anti-TB drugs; drug-resistant TB is difficult to treat and seriously threatens public health, so it is urgent to develop new anti-TB drugs. Only 5–10% of infected people will develop tuberculosis post-infection with Mtb, indicating that host innate immunity plays a key role in preventing TB. This chapter discusses the host innate immune defense and immune evasion of Mtb during infection. An in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of pathogen-host interactions can provide an important theoretical basis for the development of new anti-TB drugs.
Combined Ultrasound in Screening for Aortic Dissection: The Fate of the Residual False Lumen after Surgery
Authors: Timóteo Sapalo André
Published: October 2024

Because of its frequency and unusual appearance, aortic dissection (AD) is a rare and potentially fatal disorder marked by the dynamic progression of pressure loads. Aortic dissection (AD) is a rare and potentially fatal disorder marked by the dynamic progression of pressure loads. The diagnosis of AD can be challenging. This chapter explores contemporary challenges in screening for aortic dissection using ultrasound parameters. It discusses advancements in the TEM classification of dissection, enhancing its robustness to provide more comprehensive information for surgeons, cardiologists, and hemodynamicists regarding therapeutic strategies and predicting the success of treatment approaches. Additionally, the chapter highlights the utility of measuring peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic flow, pulsatility index (PI), resistivity index (RI), and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) as reliable tools for assessing vascular compliance and local and systemic hemodynamic changes both before and after surgery. Emphasis is also placed on the importance of routine monitoring of the patent false lumen with ultrasound to prevent the advancement of residual volume into the intimal layers of the arteries post-surgery, thereby reducing the risk of aneurysm formation, segmental growth of the distal aorta, and the need for subsequent aortic reoperations.
The Past and Future of Stakeholder Theory: Introducing the TOPPER Framework
Authors: Boeken Jasmijn , van den Berg Bibi , van Steen Tommy
Published: October 2024

Stakeholder theory has been identified as a potential solution to the challenges firms face regarding increased digitalization. It is a theory in the field of business ethics, which provides firms with clues on what behaviour is ethical. To assess whether stakeholder theory is up for the challenge of digitalization, this chapter offers a comprehensive overview of stakeholder theory. The TOPPER framework is introduced to categorize the research in this field based on their topic and perspective. The topics regard stakeholder importance, stakeholder identification, stakeholder prioritization, and stakeholder theory in practice. Regarding perspectives, the work is categorized into descriptive, instrumental, and normative research. This results in the identification of research gaps, especially regarding descriptive research on stakeholder importance and instrumental research on stakeholder prioritization. Emphasizing the underexplored normative perspective, the article advocates for a normative core spanning diverse topics. Discussing the critique on stakeholder theory brings attention to persisting issues, such as managing for stakeholders without a spokesperson. As firms navigate a digital future, reassessing business ethics is crucial, with stakeholder theory offering a promising solution to novel challenges.
Perspective Chapter: From Weeds to Wealth – Hydrothermal Carbonization for Transforming Noxious Broadleaf Weeds of Louisiana into Soil Amendments
Authors: Aamir Iqbal Muhammad , Tarikuzzaman Mohammad , Saad Atique Muhammad , Fatima Adan , G. Lynam Joan
Published: October 2024

In southern states of the United States (US), particularly in Louisiana, noxious broadleaf weeds have become undesired flora that tends to dominate crop plants in all types of farming systems. By genotypic superiority-driven robust growth habits and unprecedented reproductive potential, weed species acquire more growth resources (moisture, nutrients, solar radiation, etc.) than crop plants. Weed species can also survive periods of suboptimal growth conditions (salinity, drought, heat, chilling, heavy metal toxicity, water logging, soil erosion, heavy grazing and trampling by livestock, etc.). Considering changing climate scenarios and environmental pollution associated with the extensive use of herbicides, researchers have realized the need to explore and understand the remarkable agro-botanical superiority of weeds. Formulating and re-optimizing weed management approaches has become essential for improving farming practices. To attain these objectives, this study has been tailored to synthesize fundamental knowledge on a few prevalent weeds (e.g., pigweed, alligator weed, Chinese tallow, and parthenium weed) of Louisiana. Moreover, the prevalence of invasive weed species in the region has been objectively analyzed, and an economically viable chemical engineering-based weed management strategy (hydrothermal carbonization) for converting weed biomass into organic soil amendment (hydrochar) has been proposed. Such an approach holds the potential to keep weeds below the threshold level and reduce the use of herbicides, along with imparting sustainability to common Louisiana farming systems.
Error-based Activity Applications in Sixth Grade Fraction Teaching
Authors: Sancar Esmanur , Özkaya Merve
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine how the error-based activity (EBA) applications used in teaching fractions to sixth-grade students affect the academic achievement of the students, the perceived error climate in the classroom, student math anxiety levels, the permanence of the knowledge, and student views on the EBA applications. In the quantitative part of this research, a mixed-method study, a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group was used to examine the effects of EBA applications on math achievement, math anxiety levels, classroom error climate, and permanence. A purposive sampling method was used to collect the quantitative data for the study. In the qualitative part of this research, a case study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine volunteers from the experimental group to determine the student views of EBA practices. Analyzing the data obtained showed that EBA had a positive effect on student success, positively affected the perceived error climate in the classroom, and effectively reduced student math anxiety levels and made the knowledge permanent. Apart from this, the results indicated that EBA applications positively affect students in terms of cognitive and affective aspects, increase the quality of teaching, and can be effective in different subjects and courses.
Assessment and Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With Xanthelasma Palpebrarum: An Observational Study
Authors: Goyal Pratika , Gupta Vinita , Aithal Sanath , Meena Dilip , Dhillon Kanwarjit Singh
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Xanthelasma palpebrarum is considered to be a cutaneous marker for cardiovascular diseases, and there is a known association with hypertension, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, obesity and stroke. Objectives: Our aim was to study the association and identify the predictors of Metabolic Syndrome in patients of xanthelasma palpebrarum. Methods: An observational study was conducted on 55 patients in which patients of both sexes between the ages of 20-70 years without any other skin condition were included after written informed consent. After history and examination, blood pressure and waist circumference were measured in all the subjects. Investigations were sent for fasting blood sugar levels and serum lipid profile. The 2006 IDF Definition of Metabolic Syndrome was used as assessment criteria. Results: Among the 55 patients, metabolic syndrome was present in 23 patients (41.82%). There was a statistically significant (p<0.05) difference in the values of waist circumference (100% vs. 59.38%, P=0.0003), elevated blood pressure (82.61% vs. 9.38%, P<.0001), raised fasting blood sugar (47.83% vs. 18.75%, P=0.021), and raised triglyceride levels (56.52% vs. 25%, P=0.018) between patients with metabolic syndrome and those without. However, HDL cholesterol levels (34.78% vs. 50%, P=0.262) were comparable between both groups. Also, a patient aged 41 years or more with even a single xanthelasma of more than 1 year’s duration has 76.1% chance of developing metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome develops in a sizeable number of xanthelasma palpebrarum patients and therefore this gives us an opportunity for early diagnosis and intervention to prevent the development of cardiovascular complications.
Elevated Serum Levels of Osteopontin in Patients with Psoriasis: Is It Associated with Ocular Comorbidities?
Authors: Elsadek Hala M. , Kamel Radwa O. M. , Elsaid Marwa Abdallah , Rashed Rasha Muhammad , Ali Mona S.
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting 2%-3% of the global population via immune-mediated mechanisms. Osteopontin plays a crucial role in T-helper 1 and T-helper 17-mediated illnesses, including psoriasis. Ocular complications in psoriasis have been reported and their assessment is of importance. Osteopontin is normally expressed constitutively in ocular structures and is linked to ocular homeostasis. Objective: This study aimed to clarify the role of osteopontin (OPN) in psoriasis (PS) and its correlation with disease severity and ocular manifestations.   Methods: A case-control study involving 40 psoriatic patients and an equal number of age and sex-matched healthy subjects was conducted. We used the psoriasis area severity index (PASI) to assess disease severity and performed a comprehensive ophthalmological examination. Additionally, we measured serum osteopontin levels using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) in both groups. Results: A significant elevation in serum OPN levels in psoriatic patients compared to controls was found (P=0.00). Furthermore, there was a highly significant positive correlation between serum OPN levels and patient age, disease duration, and PASI scores. Notably, a higher prevalence of ocular complications, including blepharitis, corneal affection, conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, and cataract, in psoriatic patients compared to controls was observed. Importantly, significant associations between serum OPN levels and the presence of cataracts and intraocular pressure (IOP) were identified. Additionally, significant correlations between serum OPN levels and measures of visual acuity and ocular surface health were found. Conclusions: Osteopontin is considered a marker of psoriasis severity and is associated with ocular comorbidities in psoriasis.
Concordance Among In-Vivo Reflectance Confocal Microscopy, Trichoscopy, and Histopathology in the Evaluation of Alopecia Areata Incognita
Authors: Starace Michela , De Carvalho Nathalie , Fernandes Melo Daniel , Cedirian Stephano , Desmond Mandel Victor , Machado Carla Jorge , Misciali Cosimo , Pellacani Giovani , Piraccini Bianca Maria , Ardigò Marco
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Alopecia areata incognita is a non-scarring autoimmune hair loss condition primarily affecting women aged 20 to 40. It is often misdiagnosed due to its resemblance to other conditions. Diagnosis relies on clinical suspicion, trichoscopic findings, and histological features. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) shows promise as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for alopecia areata incognita. Objective:  In this study, we aimed to explore RCM’s diagnostic potential by investigating its association with trichoscopic and histopathological findings. Methods: We conducted a prospective study with 12 female patients affected by alopecia areata incognita. Patient data, trichoscopy, and RCM were used for diagnosis. Biopsies were taken based on trichoscopic and RCM criteria. Agreement between RCM, trichoscopy, and histopathology was assessed. Results: RCM showed substantial agreement with histopathology for fibrous tracts (92.9%). Other criteria, like infundibular ostia and inflammation, exhibited reasonable agreement (71.4% to 78.6%), with varying Kappa values. Miniaturized follicles had the lowest agreement (64.3%). Conclusion: This paper suggests that RCM holds promise as a diagnostic tool for alopecia areata incognita, offering advantages in non-invasiveness and real-time monitoring. It demonstrated substantial agreement with histopathology in identifying key features. While some discrepancies were noted, especially in detecting inflammatory infiltrates, further research may enhance RCM's sensitivity. The non-invasive nature of RCM could improve patient experiences and offer dynamic disease tracking for better treatment decisions. This technology's potential extends beyond alopecia areata incognita, presenting opportunities for more patient-friendly diagnostic procedures in trichology.
Differential Diagnosis of Irritant Versus Allergic Contact Dermatitis Based on Noninvasive Methods
Authors: Gkagkari Panagiota , Tagka Anna , Stratigos Alexandros , Karalis Vangelis , Kyritsi Aikaterini , Vitsos Andreas , Rallis Michail Christou
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is characterized by direct injury to the epidermal cells, activating the innate immune response. Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), in contrast, is delineated by a delayed hypersensitivity reaction of type IV. Despite the distinct etiopathogenic mechanisms underpinning each condition, the differentiation between them presents a significant diagnostic challenge. Objective: This study aims to determine whether a combination of clinical evaluation and noninvasive measurements—encompassing oxidative stress, erythema, hydration, melanin content, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), hemoglobin concentration, and skin texture and volume—can distinguish ICD from ACD. Methods: Two cohorts, each comprising 21 patients, were evaluated: one diagnosed with ICD and the other with ACD. All participants underwent biophysical and clinical assessments, along with Antera® 3D evaluations. Tape strips were utilized for skin sampling, and oxidative stress levels were measured via fluorescence assessments. Results: ICD prompts an almost immediate inflammatory reaction (peaking at 24 hours), whereas ACD incites a delayed response (72 hours). Noninvasive evaluated parameters as hemoglobin concentration, skin texture and volume, melanin content, erythema, and TEWL showed significant differences between the ICD and ACD cohorts (p < 0.05).  The allergens amcinonide, nickel sulphate, cobalt chloride, budesonide, PPD, and thiuram mix were found to induce elevated levels of oxidative stress. Conclusions: The evaluation of patients with noninvasive parameters, including transepidermal water loss (TEWL), hemoglobin concentration, and skin texture and volume, could markedly aid in distinguishing irritant contact dermatitis  from allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Nevertheless, the study is constrained by a limited sample size.
АНАЛІЗ АДВЕНТИВНОЇ ФРАКЦІЇ ЗАПЛАВИ РІКИ ДНІПРА В МЕЖАХ ПІВНІЧНОГО СТЕПУ
Authors: Кармизова Ліна
Published: October 2024

Мета роботи. Надати список та провести аналіз адвентивної фракції флори судинних рослин заплави річки Дніпро в межах Північного Степу.
Методологія. Дослідження проводилися за загальноботанічними методами збирання, гербаризації, визначення видів. При вивчені флори водойм використовувалися спеціальні гідроботанічні методи. Назви видів дослідженої флори подано за Mosyakin & Fedoronchuk (1999). Аналіз адвентивної фракції проведено за часом заносу – археофіти, неофіти та ступенем натуралізації – спонтанні, натуралізовані (Richardson, 2000). В основі аналізу покладено класифікацію Корнася (Kornás, 1968).
Наукова новизна. Вперше надано список адвентивних видів судинних рослин заплави річки Дніпро в межах Північного Степу. Проведено її аналіз за часом заносу та ступенем натуралізації.
Висновки. У результаті проведеного дослідження встановлено, що адвентивна флора судинних рослин заплави річки Дніпро в межах Північного Степу характеризується значною кількістю адвентів – 175 видів, у порівнянні з адвентивною флорою Північного Степового Придніпров’я – 357 видів (Baranovski et al., 2023). Це свідчить про значний антропогенно-кліматичний вплив на рослинний покрив даного регіону. За часом занесення на досліджену територію алохтонний елемент розподілено на дві групи: археофіти – 94 видів (35,7%) та неофіти – 169 видів (64,3%). За ступенем натуралізації види розподілені таким чином: натуралізовані археофіти – 73 видів (27,8%), натуралізовані неофіти – 75 види (28,5 %), спонтанні археофіти – 21 вид (8, %), спонтанні неофіти – 94 види (35,7%). Серед представленої флори адвентивної фракції первинний ареал більшості видів – середземноморський – 73 види (27,8%), азійський – 55 видів (21%) та північноамериканський – 52 види (19,8%). Інші види мають наступний первинний ареал: європейський – 24 види (9,1%), ірано-туранський – 17 видів (6,5%), середземноморсько-ірано-туранський – 16 видів (6%), ареал невідомого походження – 7 видів (2,7%), південноамериканський – 7 видів (2,7%) та ареал антропогенного походження – 3 види (1,1%).