bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Awareness of Asperger’s Syndrome Subcultures as an Answer to Surplus Suffering
Authors: Romanik Victoria , Sperling Benjamin
Published: December 2018

Asperger Syndrome (AS) as a diagnosis and as a community has been heavily debated in its form across both medical and AS collectives. The cornerstone of many of these discourses has been around how stakeholders and special interest groups can work together to the benefit of the AS community at large. This paper sought to uncover the proper union of perspectives to promulgate the best outcome for those identified, or self-identified, under the AS label. By exploring both the medical and AS community perspective separately, a four-part argument was conceived showcasing the creation of AS as a recognized label; the subcultural groups born from this label; how discourses insensitive to theses varying groups can catalyze ‘surplus suffering’; and how subculture led discourses can bypass this surplus suffering. ‘The AS Mood Disorder Synthesis Loop’ was proposed as model of harm through which surplus suffering takes form.
White Picket Fences: Fulton Sheen’s Influence on the Social Role of Catholicism in the 1950s
Authors: Romanik Victoria , Bartlett Marina
Published: December 2018

“Life is Worth Living” was a well-received Catholic show that aired in 1950s America and was hosted by the venerable Archbishop Fulton Sheen. The popularity of the show can be easily tied back to Sheen’s on-screen charisma and dramatic delivery of American Christian concepts. The show aired Tuesday nights at eight opposite the popular Milton Berle show and Fulton Sheen even won an Emmy for the Most Outstanding Television Personality for his performance in 1952. However, the show is representative of a brief era of normalcy before the change of the 1960s. The unification of Catholic morals and cultural values presented by Sheen in the show helped renew public interest in Catholicism through appealing to a common national identity during an era of an expanding religious marketplace. So through examining “Life is Worth Living,” the social values of faith and the changing religious views can be illuminated upon.
Information needs and use among urban farmers in Kampala district in Uganda
Authors: Byamugisha Helen Musanabera , Ikoja-Odongo Robert , Nasinyama George William
Published: December 2018

The paper presents results of a study on information needs and use among urban farmers in Kampala City in Uganda. An information need is recognition that one's knowledge is inadequate to satisfy a goal. Urban farming is characterized by low agricultural production leading to food insecurity. Although urban farming is viewed as an important survival strategy, the information needs of urban farmers in Kampala City are not known. The study used both qualitative and quantitative study design. Methods used were face-to face interview and focus group discussion. Respondents included 380 urban farmers and 36 focus group respondents. Results show that the information needs of the urban farmers were as varied as the heterogeneity of their agricultural enterprises and information was used for different purposes and depended on the type of farming enterprise(s) and activity undertaken. The paper recommends that the dissemination of agricultural information in Kampala City needs to be based on the urban farmers' enterprise groups and their information needs.
An investigation into the attitudes of academic librarians towards Internet plagiarism of HE students.
Authors: Bartlett Rebecca , Casselden Biddy
Published: December 2018

This paper aims to report an investigation into the attitudes of academic librarians towards Internet plagiarism by higher education students, particularly, how they define Internet plagiarism, their perceived role in combating this phenomenon, and the skills and techniques they have or will adopt to achieve this. A Delphi study was undertaken using a sample of 10 respondents. The responses demonstrated that plagiarism is a multifaceted term and not easily definable, however respondents were unanimous in their opinion that the Internet has made it easier to plagiarise. The potential for active collaboration between librarians and academics to jointly address Internet plagiarism was seen as vital by all respondents, although opinion was divided on the role of librarians and academics. A blended approach is recommended, which involves involving policing and prevention; in addition to ensuring that students are achieving information literacy well before they reach the gates of the University.
Students Studying Students: An Assessment of using Undergraduate Student Researchers in an Ethnographic Study of Library Use
Authors: Washburn Allyson , Bibb Sheila C
Published: December 2018

This paper reports on the use of undergraduate students enrolled in an Applied Anthropology course as researchers for a library use study at Brigham Young University's (BYU) Harold B. Lee Library (HBLL). This is a common practice at BYU, but has not been reported extensively in the literature. The study was carried out by the authors with the assistance of undergraduate students, the students being the researchers and was conducted in order that the HBLL could determine student ideas for reconfiguring some newly opened space in the Periodicals room. Using students assisted the library as well as met a curricular need in the Anthropology course. Ethnographic methods were the primary means used to gather the data. The paper asserts that the peer interaction during the data collection significantly enriched the quality of the data collected.
Communicating research to practice: The role of professional association publications
Authors: Haddow Gaby
Published: December 2018

Effective communication of research to practice should facilitate evidence based decision-making by library and information professionals. One way this may be achieved is through the publications distributed by library associations to their members. This paper reports on a study that explored the role of library associations' publications in communicating research information. Firstly, the reading habits of practitioners from a range of disciplines are discussed, finding support for making research information accessible through library associations' publications. Using content analysis, the extent and subject of research information published in two associations' publications was examined. Research information comprised a small proportion of the publications' content and much of the research information is presented as a brief mention only. The largest proportion of research information in both publications focuses on content about 'information behaviour, user needs/services'. The paper concludes by suggesting initiatives to improve practitioner access to research information in association publications.
Portable devices- libraries trying to meet the demands of the iPhone generation
Authors: Anderson Lisa Sara , Andrews Jonathan
Published: December 2018

This paper presents a study of portable digital devices that was undertaken by Library Services at the University of Birmingham. The project team systematically examined a number of portable devices ranging from e-book readers to smart-phones to investigate how accessible services and resources provided by the library were on these devices. A number of limitations and restrictions were found that related to IPR and other issues rather than their size. The team also surveyed University members to find out which devices they currently use and how they use them. The results to this contradicted previously made assumptions regarding internet use by students, and have proved useful for planning future library services and developments. The paper also demonstrates the cost effectiveness of running small tests on devices, and how for a small amount of money a library can find key information about its own users, a group who may be very different to those of other institutions.
The onus on us? Stage one in developing an i-Trust model for our users.
Authors: Pickard Alison Jane , Gannon-Leary Pat , Coventry Lynne
Published: December 2018

This article describes a Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC)-funded project, conducted by a cross-disciplinary team, examining trust in information resources in the web environment employing a literature review and online Delphi study with follow-up community consultation. The project aimed to try to explain how users assess or assert trust in their use of resources in the web environment; to examine how perceptions of trust influence the behavior of information users; and to consider whether ways of asserting trust in information resources could assist the development of information literacy. A trust model was developed from the analysis of the literature and discussed in the consultation. Elements comprising the i-Trust model include external factors, internal factors and user's cognitive state. This article gives a brief overview of the JISC funded project which has now produced the i-Trust model (Pickard et. al. 2010) and focuses on issues of particular relevance for information providers and practitioners.
The rationale for the DREaM: Developing Research Excellence and Methods Project
Authors: Hall Hazel , Kenna Stephanie , Oppenheim Charles
Published: December 2018

The article describes the background to the development of the DREaM project, which is aimed at expanding the range of skills of UK-based researchers in the LIS field, and at developing a network of active researchers, both in academia and amongst LIS practitioners. The project, which is funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council involves two major conferences and a number of workshops throughout the UK starting in July 2011. Details of the events, and how the project will be evaluated, are provided.
Considering the place of practice-based evidence within Evidence Based Library and Information Practice (EBLIP)
Authors: Koufogiannakis Denise
Published: December 2018

Since its inception, the focus of evidence based library and information practice (EBLIP) has been on research evidence, although many other factors also contribute to professional decision making. This paper explores how practice-based evidence should be factored into the EBLIP model and how practitioners can include this type of evidence in their decision making.
From a Dialect to the Status of National Language: Overcoming The Effects of Empire
Authors: Hlazkova Olena
Published: December 2018

Following the view on the modern language problem in Ukraine as a result of a long war, this paper focuses on the language question which constitutes the anti-imperial Ukrainian counter discourse starting from the middle XIX century up to the present day and explores the development of nationalistic ideas in their close relationship to the language.
Romania’s Civil Society and its Moral Underpinnings: The Symbolic Discourse of a Post-Socialist State
Authors: Hopkins Mitchell O.
Published: December 2018

Using Katherine Verdery’s definition of civil society as the population of a social space between the everyday household and the state, the paper looks at how such events as the rise and fall of the USSR, the advent of the EU, or even the workings of the Ottoman Empire have affected the discussion and development of civil society in Romania.
“We Are Text”: Reading, Dwelling and Narrative Identity in Michael Ondaatje’s The English Patient and Divisadero
Authors: Christianson Thomas Stephan
Published: December 2018

Outlining two ways of thinking about the relationship between speaking and writing—one which holds speech as anterior and superior to writing, which it sees as a secondary system of representation, and the other which views speech as being a form of writing itself operating within the play of difference and deferral that is language as such; the essay suggests that the two novels in question propose a third position that contains elements of both the previous two. This position is captured in key instances in both The English Patient and Divisadero of the written word being read out loud in a communal setting.      In view of Lucien and Marie-Neige’s and Hana and the English patient’s practice of reading out loud to each other, Divisaderoand The English Patientsuggest that reading—whether it be studious, curious, or otherwise escapist in nature—is a vital act of incorporation, a political act of consumption wherein words become flesh and the stories in books come into confrontation with the texts of our selves in an explosion of intertextuality.
Rebel Girl and the Wrecking Ball – The Cruel Optimism of Empowerment and the Revival of Feminism in Contemporary Popular Music
Authors: Richter Lars
Published: December 2018

In this article, I explore ways in which contemporary two female artists convey their individual feminist agenda through their artistic expression. The juxtaposition of two allegedly ideologically opposed cultural products—Miley Cyrus’ video for her song “Wrecking Ball” and a simultaneously released video by former Riot Grrrl activist Kathleen Hanna—will allow me to explore the mechanics of Lauren Berlant’s cruel optimism with respect to claims of empowerment in art. In addition, a revisit of the media scandal surrounding Cyrus’ videos opens pathways into the delineation of a continuum within feminist art that will result in a plea for the re-appropriation of punk feminist DIY practices for the present of the 2010s.
Havana Transcultured: The Cultural Becoming of a Neobaroque City
Authors: Cruikshank Stephen
Published: December 2018

When thinking of the Baroque, the figures of gold-filled and elegant seventeenth-century churches in Europe and Latin America are more likely to come to one's mind rather than a Caribbean island more renowned for sugar, cohibas, and Fidel Castro. Nonetheless, in the twentieth century the Baroque was a particularly important tool for conceptualizing Cuban culture. We know that out of Cuba came a contingent of twentieth-century writings circulating the theme of the Baroque, however the question of why the Baroque migrated into Cuban contexts can seem rather obscure.This article explores this issue and analyzes the impact that the city of Havana has had in the cultural and architectural advances of the Neobaroque.
Instances of Repair in Oral Exam Settings
Authors: Hirschberg Jasmin
Published: December 2018

What started off as a field of interest in studies revolving around Conversation Analysis in the late 1970s (Sacks et al.), has experienced an increasing interest in research on second language learning in institutional settings – repair. Many studies have found that repair is not exclusively targeted at error correction but has been shown to fulfill discourse-related functions as well (e.g. Liebscher and Dailey-O’Cain; Razfar). However, despite its crucial role in institutional settings, assessment situations have been largely neglected in this research. This study aims to fill this gap. It examines how repair is done amongst the instructor and beginner students of German during oral exams. The instances of repair are categorized as self- or other-initiated self-repair (Schegloff et al.). Self-initiated repair is described following the categories identified by Levelt. Nine beginner learners of German, who have previously shown different levels of learning success, were video-recorded during their oral exams. Using conversational analyst methods, this study aims at identifying 1) What forms of repair occur and which functions they fulfil, and 2) How successful repairs are depending on the learners’ level of success. While self-initiated self-repair and error corrections are the most dominant form, the findings also indicate that the oral exam setting elicits economic and pragmatic functions as well and further sharpens the learners’ self-perception of their own performance depending on their success level, which influences the ability to spot and repair trouble sources. Pedagogical implications of these findings will be discussed.
Candle in the wind
Authors: Hämäläinen Lasse
Published: December 2018

Aiemmissa tutkimuksissa on havaittu, että nimien muistaminen on selvästi vaikeampaa kuin muiden sanojen. Vähälle huomiolle on kuitenkin jäänyt nimien muistettavuus eli se, millaiset nimet muistetaan hyvin tai huonosti. Tässä artikkelissa nimien muistettavuutta tarkastellaan empiirisen koeaineiston avulla. Suomalaisessa verkkopeliyhteisö Aapelissa sijaitsevan Minigolf-nimisen pelin 33 harrastajaa osallistui kahteen kokeeseen, joissa testattiin, kuinka hyvin he muistavat pelissä esiintyvien ratojen nimiä. Koetulosten kvalitatiivisen analyysin perusteella erottui useita muuttujia, jotka vaikuttavat nimien muistettavuuteen. Niistä tarkempaan kvantitatiiviseen analyysiin valittiin viisi: nimeämisperuste, ns. ratasarjaan kuuluminen, nimen kieli, nimen pituus sekä radan pelillinen tärkeys ja kiinnostavuus. Analyysi osoittaa, että kaikilla näillä muuttujilla on tilastollisesti merkitsevä vaikutus nimen muistamiseen. Muistettavuus syntyy siis usean eri tekijän summana.
Ovatko vain substantiivit termejä? Hakusanan valinnasta termityössä
Authors: Pitkänen-Heikkilä Kaarina
Published: December 2018

Artikkeli tarkastelee hakusanaksi valittujen termien sanaluokkaa erikoisalojen sanastoissa. Aineistona on Tieteen termipankin rakennekoodattu sanasto, joka pohjautuu moniin eri sanastoihin ja pääasiassa erikoisalojen asiantuntijoiden työstämiin määritelmiin. Huomio keskittyy hakusanoina substantiiveja selvästi harvemmin käytettyihin adjektiiveihin ja verbeihin ja toisaalta näitä usein korvaaviin ominaisuudennimiin ja teonnimiin. Erityisesti artikkeli argumentoi ominaisuuskäsitteitä edustavien adjektiivien kautta, joita on 6,3 prosenttia Tieteen termipankin suomenkielisistä rakennekoodatuista hakusanoista. Artikkeli osoittaa, että termityössä on välttämätöntä huomioida termien esiintyminen erikoisalan aidossa kielenkäytössä. Termin käyttö omassa kontekstissaan kertoo siitä, millainen termin edustama käsite on luonteeltaan, mikä sen suhde lähikäsitteisiin on ja mikä on olennaista sen merkityksessä. Artikkeli havainnollistaa myös sitä, kuinka olennaisesti hakusanan valinta vaikuttaa määrittelyyn. On ongelmallista, jos hakusanoiksi valitaan rakenteita, jollaisina termit eivät koskaan esiinny. Vielä ongelmallisempaa on, jos hakusanan valinta (esim. adjektiivin muuttaminen ominaisuudennimeksi) aiheuttaa sellaisia semanttisia muutoksia, jotka eivät ole mahdollisia erikoisalalla. Artikkeli avaa myös keskustelua siitä, mikä ylipäätään on termi ja miten se pitäisi teoreettisesti kuvata.
Kotiinpaluun kronotoopit suomalaisessa sisällissotakirjallisuudessa
Authors: Mahlamäki Tiina
Published: December 2018

Tarkastelen artikkelissani suomalaisessa sisällissotakirjallisuudessa kuvattuja kohtauksia, joissa sisällissotaan lähteneet palaavat vankileiriltä kotiin. Aineistoni koostuu Runar Schildtin novellista "Kotiinpaluu" (1919), Toivo Pekkasen Tehtaan varjossa (1932), Hella Wuolijoen Työmiehen perhe (1949/1970), Väinö Linnan Täällä Pohjantähden alla II (1960), Juhani Syrjän Juho 18 (1998) ja Heidi Köngäksen Sandra (2017). Lisäksi mukana on muutamia muita aihetta käsitteleviä romaaneja, joihin viittaan. Tarkastelen romaanien kuvauksia kotiinpaluista seuraavien, kuvauksia yhdistävien teemojen avulla: kuollut palaa kotiin, tappava ruoka, palaajana työtätekevä kansa sekä lapsi palaa kotiin. Analyysin teoreettisena käsitteenä käytän venäläisen kirjallisuudentutkijan Mihail Bahtinin kronotoopin käsitettä, erityisesti kohtaamisen, tien ja kynnyksen kronotooppeja. Hyödynnän myös uskonnontutkija Thomas A. Tweedin muotoilemia kehon, kodin ja kotimaan kronotooppeja.
Error Analysis of Subject-Verb Agreement Made by Students in Meurandeh Langsa
Authors: Gunawan Rasyid , Indah Reny Lestari , Mulyani Putri
Published: December 2018

This research aimed at identifying the subject-verb agreement errors in students’ writing. This research applied a descriptive research. The data were collected through test and non-test instruments. Test instruments were conducted through writing test and non-test instruments were through questionnaire and interview. The data obtained from both test and non-test instruments were conducted by employing descriptive analysis. This research analyzed students’ narrative writing based on Surface Strategy Taxonomy proposed by Dulay, Burt and Krashen (1982). This result revealed the types of error in subject-verb agreement in the students’ narrative writing covering omission, addition and misinformation. In conclusion, the students involved in the research made a number of errors. It was found that the students’ ability to use subject-verb agreement in English was still low.
Counterhegemonic Discourse in Tengku Amir Hamzah’s Poem Mabuk
Authors: Prana Chitra Bima , Nasution Ikhwanuddin , Surbakti Asmyta , Muchtar Muhizar
Published: December 2018

The research aims to implement the theory of Counterhegemonic discourse with two points of discussion:  the Dutch Colonial’s Social Exclusivism and Reintroducing Indonesian Cultural Identity in Mabuk, a lyric poem written by Tengku Amir Hamzah during the Dutch colonialization of Indonesia (Dutch East Indies). The poem consists of both traditional Malay rhyming scheme and modern Indonesian language structure that embody Tengku Amir Hamzah’s emotional response, as well as his romantic expressions towards the state of a drunken person in metaphorical nuance with the points of inciting nationalism. The study was conducted by means of descriptive qualitative method utilizing critical discourse analysis (CDA) method with the support of deconstruction theory and phenomenological approach. The result shows that Mabuk is a Counterhegemonic poem revealing the standing of the Dutch during the colonialization era and the fading of cultural identity which is to be restored in order to get harmony in national existence.
Stylistics in “Asahan Dalam Angka 2015” Translation Text
Authors: Marpaung Ely Ezir , Lubis Syahron , Saragih Amrin , Setia Eddy
Published: December 2018

This research deals with the role of stylistics in translation and is aimed at identifying the types of stylistics used in “Asahan Dalam Angka 2015” in the translation text, to analyze the application of how and why stylistics is applied. This study applies qualitative research method, proposed by Miles and Huberman. There are six types of stylistics applied in ASDA 2015translation text: Word Formation Variation (WFV), Lexical Choice Variation (LCV), Syntactical Order Variation (SOV), Semantic Meaning Variation (SMV), Pragmatic Contextual Variation (PCV), and Grammatical Change Variation (GCV). The application refers to the morphological process (Word Formation Variation).The words are lexically chosen to vary lexical meaning (LCV), the phrases are syntactically reconstructed SOV), the words are pragmatically and contextually varied and translated to be equivalent (PCV), and the words are grammatically changed and varied to construct appropriate meaning. The finding shows that there are two causes why stylistics is not well applied in ASDA 2015translation text. Firstly, MT (Machine Translation) used in translating the text is not equipped by sufficient linguistic devices. Secondly, ASDA 2015 translation text is not realized in stylistic variation.
Nutritive contents of two plant species growing in western Rajasthan
Authors: Ram Baga , Bains Navdeep S.
Published: December 2018

Evaluation of Nutritive contents of two plant species of Western Rajasthan i.e. Psoralea odorata Blatt and Halb and Glinus lotoides Linn were carried out. The selected plant species collected from local area of Bikaner region, root, shoot and fruit were separated and analysed for nutritive contents. Crude protein, crude fat, total ash, nitrogen free extract (NFE), organic matter, total carbohydrates, calcium and phosphorus were analysed.
Micro evolution of bitter taste domain drugs
Authors: Bhardwaj Shivangi , Shukla V. J. , Harisha C. R. , Jani Switu
Published: December 2018

Ayurveda classified the drugs in various ways and one of which the classification is based on Rasa (taste) dominancy. Rasa is essential to identify drugs and to know its therapeutic application. In this study the drug has been selected according to Charaka classification of Tikta Rasa (bitter taste) drugs with an aim to find out the similar characters among all the drugs having bitter Rasa dominancy. Till date there is no data available regarding the pharmacognostical evaluation in concern bitter taste. For the first time selected five bitter drugs are subjected to various pharmacognostical evaluation, result reveals that Organoleptic characters of all five drugs give bitter taste, microscopic evaluation revealed that presence of starch grain, vessels, fiber , brown content are dominant in all five raw drug and all the five powder subjected to alkaloid test by using dragondroff reagent and give positive result for alkaloids
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of some 3-(5-aryl-4H-pyrazol-3-yl) anthracen-10(9H)-ones
Authors: Kumar Harish , Jain Sandeep , Jain Neelam
Published: December 2018

A series of 3-(5-aryl-4H-pyrazol-3-yl)anthracen-10(9H)-ones were synthesized from anthracen-10(9H)-one (1) and studied for their in vitro antibacterial activity. Anthracen- 10(9H)-one after Friedel crafts acetylation with acetyl chloride yielded 3-acetylanthracen- 10(9H)-one (2) which on further reaction with substituted aromatic aldehydes in the presence of catalytic amount of sodium hydroxide in water and ethanol furnished the corresponding 3-(3-arylacryloyl)anthracen-10(9H)-ones (3a-g) as intermediate compounds, which on further reaction with hydrazine hydrate in absolute ethanol formed the title compounds 3-(5-aryl-4H-pyrazol-3-yl)anthracen-10(9H)-ones (4a-g). These compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, Mass and 1H-NMR spectral data. All the compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity against two gram positive strains (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and two gram negative strains (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) taking ciprofloxacin as a standard drug. Some of the compounds showed significant antibacterial activity.
Physical Activity Related Risk Factor Assessment for Altered Drug Pharmacokinetics in Human Population
Authors: Thomas Abhilash , Samanta Malay Kumar , Dubey Satendra K. , P. Arun K.
Published: December 2018

The study examined the intensity of an individual’s physical activity by using self administered International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form 7 (IPAQ-SF7) as a measuring tool and assessed its impact on the various body physiological functions likely to alter drug pharmacokinetic processes. The study was conducted in normal, subjects inhabited at different regions in India, with the translated versions of IPAQ-SF7 in Hindi and Tamil languages found the high intensities of vigorous, moderate activities and walking and showed excellent reproducibility as similar as it has been studied in different population worldwide. The resting state systolic and diastolic blood pressures, heart rate and respiratory rate were significantly higher in the subjects. The diaphragmatic breathing pattern was found used by majority of the subjects. The energy utilization of the subjects on their physical activity was obtained in high Metabolic Equivalence of Task (METs) minutes per week. Thus significance in the physiological parameters was strong enough to alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs whose metabolism and elimination are primarily dependent on renal function. This results which will be helpful in optimizing and selecting the drug doses for the people under extreme physical activity with less oxygen consumption in muscles, low level of respiratory rates and high energy utilization in their body.
Evaluation of standardisation parameters, pharmacognostic study, preliminary phytochemical screening and in vitro antidiabetic activity of Coccinia indica fruits as per WHO guidelines
Authors: Alagar Raja M. , Sushma K. , Banji David , Rao K. N.V. , Selvakumar D.
Published: December 2018

Coccinia indica an annual creeper is available all over India and well known for its antidiabetic property. In the present investigation, aqueous extract, and ethanolic extract of the fruits were made using hot extraction procedure using soxhlet apparatus, decoction and maceration. The qualitative phyto-chemical screening procedure was performed on each extract. Phyto-chemical study reveals that carbohydrates, tannins, phenols, alkaloids, saponins was present in both the extracts. An attempt has been made to highlight this folk herbal medicine through present study which will assist in the identification of fresh as well as dried crude samples of fruits anatomically and physiochemically. TLC finger printing and fluorescence analysis of powdered fruits has been conducted and reported .The antidiabetic activity is conducted by enzyme inhibition (α-glycosidase) in invitro method on each extract and ethanolic extract showed significant inhibition
Pharmacogenomics – The New Trend for Personalized Medicine
Authors: Kumar Vikram , Majumdar Debolina
Published: December 2018

Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics are two major emerging trends in medical sciences, which influence the success of drug development and therapeutics. In current times, though pharmacogenetic studies are being done extensively for research, its application for drug development needs to get started on a large scale. Pharmacogenetic studies can be used at various stages of drug development. The effect of drug target polymorphisms on drug response can be assessed and identified. In clinical studies, pharmacogenetic tests can be used for stratification of patients based on their genotype, which corresponds to their metabolizing capacity. This prevents the occurrence of severe adverse drug reactions and helps in better outcome of clinical trials. This can also reduce attrition of drug compounds. Recognition of inter-individual differences in drug response is an essential step towards optimizing therapy. Over the past decades, much evidence has emerged indicating that a substantial portion of variability in drug response is genetically determined, with age, nutrition, health status, environmental exposure, and concurrent therapy playing important contributory roles. To achieve individual drug therapy with a reasonably predictive outcome, one must further account for different patterns of drug response among geographically and ethnically distinct populations.
Role of Rauwolfia serpentina in stroke induced experimental dementia
Authors: Kanyal Neema
Published: December 2018

Objective: To investigate the Role of Rauwolfia serpentina in stroke induced experimental dementia. Methods: Methanolic root extract of Rauwolfia serpentina(RS) at a dose of 10mg/kg,20mg/kg and 40mg/kg;p.o. was studied against global cerebral ischemia induced dementia by occluding both common carotid arteries. RS at a dose of 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg and 40mg/kg;p.o. were administered for 14 days before and 7 days after both common carotid arteries occlusion(BCCAO) and were continued during behavioral testing i.e. Morris water maze test and elevated plus maze test. At the end of all experiment mice brain were removed and TBARS level, SOD level and infract size were determined.Results : Occlusion of both common carotid arteries significantly increased escape latency time(ELT) during acquisition trial and decrease, time spent in target quadrant on morris water maze, an increase in escape latency time was also observed on elevated plus maze when measured after 7 days of occlusion.Furthermore, TBARS levels, SOD levels and infract size were also increased when measured after 12 days of occlusion. Administration of RS specially at a dose of 20mg/kg and 40mg/kg;p.o. significantly attenuated these alteration and show neuroprotective effect against oxidative stress, infract size and learning and memory impairment. Conclusions: These finding suggest that Rauwolfia serpentina may have a promising role as a prophylactic drug in stroke induced experimental dementia due to its neuroprotective effect. The phenolic compound like phenolic acid, flavanoids and tannins present in the plant.
Arquitecturas carcelarias a juicio en la literatura de Bioy Casares
Authors: Fersini Maria Pina
Published: December 2018

El artículo se propone indagar la conexión entre el derecho penal y la arquitectura carcelaria con la finalidad de demostrar como el empleo de un cierto tipo de arquitectura responda a la voluntad de desarrollar técnicas de gobierno capaces de operar a un nivel de invisibilidad de la gubernamentalidad. Con este fin, se sirve de una novela de Bioy Casares, Plan de evasión, la cual visibiliza y reflexiona sobre la disciplina del cuerpo que se esconde tras la ilusoria belleza y salubridad de la arquitectura penitenciaria moderna.
Códigos deontológicos profesionales y códigos éticos para el ejercicio de cargos públicos
Authors: Marcilla Córdoba Gema María
Published: December 2018

El trabajo tiene por objeto reflexionar sobre el auge de los códigos deontológicos profesionales, así como sobre la tendencia a extenderlos a las instituciones o los poderes públicos, como el parlamento, el gobierno, la administración y el poder judicial. Las normas deontológicas profesionales pueden ser entendidas como normas morales, propias de un colectivo profesional, que estipulan los principios y valores por los que han de regirse quienes se dedican a tal profesión. Al tratarse de un tipo de normatividad, resulta relevante para la teoría jurídica dar cuenta de las relaciones entre los estándares deontológicos y las normas jurídicas. Por último, se pone el acento en los problemas que surgen a la hora de dilucidar el ámbito de conductas de los poderes que pueden estar bajo regulaciones éticas, con valor de recomendación, y cuáles, por el contrario, resultan de inexorable regulación legal por cuanto entrañan responsabilidades jurídicas.
El tejido brocado en el México virreinal: sedas orientales y criollas
Authors: Pérez Morera Jesús
Published: December 2018

La catalogación del tejido brocado o espolinado constituye una tarea que apenas se ha abordado debidamente a causa de su complejidad y dificultad intrínseca. A partir de la documentación de archivo y de la identificación de telas de seguro origen y datación, conservadas en diferentes iglesias y museos de México, perseguimos definir las características técnicas y decorativas de los tejidos ricos y centros de fabricación presentes en el Nuevo Mundo durante el periodo virreinal como base para futuras catalogaciones, con particular atención, en este caso, a los orientales y criollos.
Apropiaciones y pertenencias. Citas pictóricas en el cómic español de los ochenta
Authors: Lladó Pol Francisca
Published: December 2018

En la España del tardofranquismo y los primeros años de la transición, el cómic adulto se convirtió en herramienta contra el sistema establecido a través del préstamo de obras pictóricas que actuarán como metáforas de libertad. Ya en los ochenta, los dibujantes se acercaron a las nuevas consideraciones de la figuración narrativa, substituyendo la crítica por la plasmación de la cotidianeidad, el cosmopolitismo y la contemporaneidad. Una circunstancia marcada por la confluencia con la Nueva Figuración Madrileña y el presentismo de la movida. Este artículo analiza el papel ejercido por las citas pictóricas que van desde la transgresión hasta la pertenencia a la nueva estética, de modo que los dibujantes-ilustradores decidirán por la opción que se adecuaba a su concepto de creación.
Epistemología comparativa de los enfoques culturales en las geografías francesa y española
Authors: Claval Paul , Camilo Lois González Ruben , Canova Nicolas
Published: December 2018

En la geografía cultural clásica, los hechos de la cultura suelen responder a una interpretación del mundo dividido en áreas distintas. La geografía cultural, aunque instituida como una rama de la disciplina y conservando cierta estabilidad, fue perdiendo coherencia frente a esta división del mundo en áreas culturales. De hecho, este campo del conocimiento geográfico se encuentra hoy en día desbordado por una gran cantidad de trabajos que, sin reivindicarse necesariamente como suyos, exploran un conjunto de objetos y temas que le deben ser atribuidos. Sin pretender una visión circunscrita que defina un patio trasero, o un límite disciplinar estricto impuesto por la geografía cultural, estos trabajos «olvidan» cada vez más inscribirse en un subcampo de la geografía cultural. De este modo, se reivindica una «aproximación cultural» en geografía (Claval, 2015), donde nosotros pasaríamos de una geografía de las culturas a geografías de la cultura. En la misma, los objetos son los que aparecen privilegiados frente al potencial de comportamiento de los humanos. Este artículo propone pistas de lectura comparativa para comprender la evolución de la aproximación cultural en las geografías francesa y española a partir de la síntesis de una sección especial organizada en Granada con el motivo del Primeras Jornadas hispano-francesas de Geografía. Esta sesión, organizada por los autores, reagrupa las aportaciones de Josefina Gómez-Mendoza, Jean-Baptiste Maudet, Ana I. Escalona Orcao y Hugo Capellà i Miternique.
La interdisciplinariedad y las tecnologías como nuevas estrategias para el aprendizaje del paisaje
Authors: Gómez Trigueros Isabel María
Published: December 2018

La creciente importancia de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) así como la adquisición de competencias clave en la Formación Inicial del Profesorado de Ciencias Sociales obliga a reinventar los procesos de enseñanza y de aprendizaje. Una de las estrategias didácticas que aúna la consecución de contenidos y de capacidades es la interdisciplinariedad con TIC. Partiendo de esta perspectiva, se muestra una intervención de aula interdisciplinar, orientada al alumnado de Grado de Primaria a través del trabajo con tecnología para la adquisición de los conocimientos curriculares de Geografía y Literatura que figuran en los planes de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de Alicante. La metodología de la investigación ha sido mixta (cuantitativa y cualitativa). Como instrumento de análisis se ha utilizado el cuestionario así como el material elaborado por los estudiantes. Los resultados demuestran el alto valor de la interdisciplinariedad para la consecución de los contenidos relacionados con el paisaje geográfico mediterráneo así como para la adquisición de competencias básicas tales como la digital o la capacidad para la búsqueda de información de forma autónoma.
Los geógrafos franceses en España: del vidalismo al paisaje patrimonio
Authors: Humbert André
Published: December 2018

El propósito de este artículo es de señalar el punto sobre la presencia de los geógrafos franceses en España desde el siglo XIX. Este trabajo ya realizado parcialmente por otros autores suponía el inventario, por una parte de los trabajos parciales ya emprendidos, por otra parte de los investigadores e instituciones metidos en investigaciones, particularmente después de la segunda Guerra mundial. Esta búsqueda sistemática ha revelado la importancia de los trabajos realizados por franceses, tanto antes de la guerra, como después. El apogeo de esta presencia, sin duda alguna, corresponde a las décadas de los años 1970 y 1980, con una decadencia que, realmente, solo empezó durante la última década del siglo XX. Es que la afluencia, incitada y sostenida por la Escuela de altos estudios hispánicos e ibéricos (Casa de Velázquez), ha decrecido, indudablemente, y la presencia francesa cambió de naturaleza con, a la vez, una dedicación menos exclusiva a España y una diversidad temática más grande conforme a las orientaciones de las últimas décadas.
Cambios en la temperatura del aire y las precipitaciones en la región costera de Siria (gobernación de Lattakia) de 1970 a 2016
Authors: Salameh Ala A M , Fallah Riad Qara
Published: December 2018

Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar los cambios en los promedios anuales y estacionales de la temperatura del aire y las precipitaciones en la gobernación de Lattakia durante 1970-2016. Las tendencias anuales y estacionales para la temperatura y la precipitación se calcularon utilizando la prueba no paramétrica de Mann-Kendall. Las diferencias de medias entre los dos períodos (1970-2000) / (2001-2016) se evaluaron en los niveles anuales y estacionales mediante el uso de la prueba no paramétrica de Mann-Whitney U. Además, la aparición de valores extremadamente altos / bajos se analizó a nivel anual mediante el uso de la curva de distribución normal. El estudio encontró que los promedios anuales de temperatura aumentaron significativamente (p <0.05) en 0.22 ˚C / década y 0.17 ˚C \ década, en las estaciones de Lattakia y Hiffeh, respectivamente, durante 1970-2016. El verano reveló tendencias fuertes y significativas al alza (a nivel 0.01) en sus promedios de temperatura en 0.39 ˚C / década en Lattakia, y en 0.34 ˚C / década en Hiffeh. El promedio de precipitaciones de primavera disminuyó significativamente en -6.5 mm / década en Lattakia y en -12.1 mm / década en Hiffeh. La probabilidad de la aparición del valor de 20.2 ˚C o más como valor extremo aumentó en la estación de Lattakia durante 2001-2016 en un 40.8%.
Turismo, brecha salarial y desigualdades laborales de género en espacios rurales de Andalucía (España)
Authors: Rivera Mateos Manuel
Published: December 2018

El proceso de reorientación de las actividades económicas tradicionales en las zonas rurales españolas ha producido cambios en el empleo y la propia estructura sociolaboral, destacando la emergencia del turismo y el papel relevante de las mujeres rurales en su consolidación y en el desarrollo rural en general. No obstante, la incorporación de la mujer al mercado laboral turístico muestra dificultades y diferencias de género a nivel de actividad laboral y de brecha salarial. En este contexto, se han caracterizado éstas a través de un trabajo de campo y una encuesta a trabajadores/as en alojamientos y otros establecimientos turísticos en el medio rural de Andalucía, incluyendo tanto las características empresariales de éstos últimos como las personales y laborales de los encuestados. Finalmente se ha podido cuantificar una brecha salarial del 23% en perjuicio de las retribuciones medias de las mujeres rurales, así como identificar otras desigualdades relativas a la concienciación de la vida familiar y laboral, la promoción profesional y el acceso a puestos directivos y de mayor responsabilidad.
El Estado del Medio Ambiente en Michoacán de Ocampo. México
Authors: Bollo Manent Manuel , Velasco Méndez Wilfrido Enrique
Published: December 2018

El presente artículo es resultado de varios años de trabajo en la formulación de una metodología para establecer el Estado del Medio Ambiente de un territorio, se aplica al estado de Michoacán, México. Se establece un diagnóstico ambiental, bajo un enfoque integrador u holístico. El análisis espacial se realiza desde el enfoque geoecológico a partir de los fundamentos teórico-metodológicos de la Geoecología del Paisaje; toma como base las unidades de la tipología físico -geográfica. El diagnóstico ambiental se realiza a partir de la integración de indicadores e índices de degradación biofísica, modificación antropogénica y socio-económicos y demográficos que fueron calculados, categorizados y espacializados con la aplicación de sistemas de información geográfica y técnicas de estadística multivariada y procesos de análisis jerárquico. El 19.1% de la superficie de Michoacán se encuentra en estado ambiental crítico e inestable a crítico y el 40% está ocupada por paisajes en estado ambiental inestable, lo que indica que la situación ambiental es preocupante. El diagnóstico integrado de la situación ambiental sirve como instrumento de planeación ambiental en programas de ordenamiento ecológico-territorial o para cualquier acción que esté encaminada en el uso sostenible y en la conservación, protección y preservación del medio ambiente del territorio.
La composición municipal de la Diputación Provincial de Granada (1979-2017). Un estudio desde la perspectiva espacial
Authors: Soto Rueda Jose Manuel
Published: December 2018

Este trabajo analiza la composición municipal de la Diputación Provincial de Granada durante el periodo democrático (1979-2017). Con este propósito, se ha elaborado un registro de diputados con los municipios por los que fueron electos. Los datos obtenidos se han representado espacialmente con mapas, creados con un Sistema de Información Geográfica. Los resultados del análisis muestran que menos de la mitad de los municipios granadinos han registrado algún diputado provincial. La distribución de diputados es muy desigual, pues la mayor concentración se produce en municipios cabeza de Partido Judicial o con gran población, mientras que los municipios sin diputado tienen menos de 5.000 habitantes. Esta concentración es imputable a las decisiones de los grandes partidos políticos en el proceso de elección. En definitiva, el sistema de elección de diputados representa a los municipios grandes en detrimento de los pequeños como consecuencia de la existencia de los Partidos Judiciales, por razones demográficas y partidistas.
Asaltando el poder: el cambio en los sistemas de partidos mexicano y español en perspectiva comparada (2000-2016)
Authors: Martínez Hernández Aldo Adrián , Rama Caamaño José
Published: December 2018

Pese a la distancia geográfica y a las diferencias políticas y culturales, en las recientes elecciones nacionales tanto México como España han visto como nuevos partidos han entrado en la arena política obteniendo un notable apoyo electoral. Podemos y Ciudadanos en España han modificado el comportamiento de los votantes y las dinámicas de competición entre los partidos por alcanzar el Gobierno. Del mismo modo, MORENA, en México, ha podido suponer una amenaza real a los partidos tradicionales mayores: el Partido Revolucionario Institucional y el Partido Acción Nacional. Este articulo se pregunta hasta qué punto las nuevas formaciones han transformado el sistema de partidos existente. Para dar respuesta a ello, analiza tanto la evolución electoral como los indicadores principales del sistema de partidos de ambos países desde los años 2000 hasta 2016. Así, el artículo concluye que ambos sistemas de partidos presentaron rasgos similares de restructuración de la competición política, en buena medida, debido a la pérdida de identificación de los votantes con los partidos tradicionales y la consecuente fuerte irrupción de nuevas formaciones.