bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Identification and Distribution Components of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Contaminants at the Port of Paotere, Makassar, South Sulawesi
Authors: Marzuki I , Pratama I , Ismail H E , Paserangi I. , Kamaruddin M , Chaerul M. , Ahmad R
Published: February 2021

The ASTM standard recommends that the 16 most common types of PAHs are found in petroleum processing activities, the chemical industry and marine loading ports. This research aims to identify and determine the distribution of PAHs contaminants at three sampling points of seawater around Paotere Port, Makassar, South Sulawesi, using the GC-MS instrument. Sampling point A is the center of Paotere Port activity, Point B with a radius of 3 km and point C with a radius of 6 km from the center of port activity. Sampling at each point was carry out at a depth of 100 cm above sea level. There are 10 PAHs identified at sampling point A and B, while at point C there are 8 components with relatively the same type of PAHs. The dominant PAHs components at each sampling point are relatively the same, namely at point A: Pyrene, Chrysene, Benz[a]pyrene and Dibenz(a,h)anthracene, point B: Pyrene, Chrysene and Benz(a)anthtracene, while at point C only Pyrene. The total concentration of PAHs at point A: 4,217±.106 ppm, medium polluted category, at point B: 2,124±.087 ppm, medium polluted category and at point C: 1,264±. 112 ppm, light polluted category.
The effect of storage on the making of surimi and kamaboko tilapia (Oreochromis sp.)
Authors: Saputra E , Tjahjaningsih W , Abdillah A A
Published: February 2021

The aims this research is to determine the effect of storage and raw materials on frozen storage on the quality of surimi and kamaboko tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). There are three types of raw materials used, namely fillet, minced fish, and minced fish + sorbitol, with three washing treatments and four weeks of freeze storage observed each week. The method used consisted of measuring pH, moisture content, bite test, and fold test. Then the results show that the best kamaboko for tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) is obtained from fillet raw materials compared to minced fish raw materials and minced fish + sorbitol raw materials, with a washing frequency of one time and a frozen storage period of 3 weeks.
Microbiology safety of green mussel, Perna viridis after treated with boiling and sous vide
Authors: Samsudin A S , Karim N U
Published: February 2021

All samples (treated samples and controls) were subjected to total bacteria, total coliform, Enterobacteriaceae sp., Pseudomonas sp. and yeast and mould count at interval of 5 day during 20 days of chilled storage. Boiling and sous vide were significantly (p<0.05) reduced the total bacteria count in green mussel compared to the controls after 20 days of chilled storage. Interestingly, green mussel were free from pathogenic bacteria after treated with sous vide as the total coliform, Enterobacteriacaea sp and Pseudomonas sp were not observed in those samples. In addition, the yeast and mould count were found at amount of 3.23±0.14 log10 cfuml−1 in green mussel treated with sous vide which is lower than in controls (4.10±0.21 log10 cfuml−1). The shelf life estimation showed that green mussel after treated with sous vide had a prolong up to 32 days compared to boiling (∼15 days) and controls (∼10 days) in chilled storage. Therefore, sous vide treatment were effectively in prevent the risk of contamination in green mussel during storage compared to boiling treatment. These emerging preservation technique may widely introduce to the consumer in ensuring the safety of the products.
The potential of chitosan from comb-pen (Atrina pectinata) shell waste on the characteristics of hand body cream
Authors: Fauzi F , Sulmartiwi L , Saputra E
Published: February 2021

The comb-pen shell is one of the sources of chitosan, which is a natural substance derived from chitin and could found in Indonesia. In the non-food sector, chitosan can used as antibacterial, antioxidant, and thickening on hand body cream ingredients. This study aimed to determine the effect of the addition chitosan from comb-pen shell waste to the characteristics of hand body cream. The parameters, including pH, TPC, and Homogeneity were tested on the first day and after fourteen-day storage at room temperature. The pH test results ranges from 7.8 to 8.0. The TPC test result is <10 CFU/25 g in every sample on both test. The hand body cream homogeneity has the same homogeneity level between the control and the treatment samples. The viscosity results were obtained from literature studies regarding the manufacture of hand body cream using chitosan from small crab (Portunus pelagicus) shells. The characteristics of hand body cream has a good result on every parameter tests shown that are fulfilled the standard of Indonesia Nasional Standards (SNI). The addition of chitosan from comb-pen shell (Atrina pectinata) waste affects the characteristics of hand body cream.
Effect of deacetylation conditions on physicochemical properties of chitosan derived from shrimp shell and squid pen
Authors: Basarah A R , Pujiastuti D Y , Waiprib Yaowapha
Published: February 2021

Chitosan is a biopolymer derived from chitin. The physicochemical properties of chitosan end products resulted from many factors such as chitin source of origin, deacetylation conditions such as alkali concentration, ratios of chitin to alkali, temperatureand extent of the reaction. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of deacetylation time length and alkali treatments on physicochemical properties of chitosan products prepared from shrimp shell, and squid pen. The result demonstrated that the % yield of chitosan products were in the range of 62.23-90.83% for α form and 71.30-98.07% for β form. The molecular weight (MW) of chitosan products were in a range of 342.98-1603.48 kDa for α form, and 127.11-908.18 kDa for β form. The % deacetylation degree (%DD) of chitosan products derived from shrimp shell were in a range of 85.36-91.39%. In addition, the result showed that %DD of chitosan products was significantly negative correlated with MW of chitosan products.
The application of betacyanin microcapsules as natural food colorant on beverage model
Authors: Nurbaya S R , Putri W D R , Murtini E S , Khamidah A
Published: February 2021

Betacyanin microcapsules were made from betacyanin extract (extracted from red dragon fruit peel) and coated with coating material, consist of maltodextrin + gum arabic. The effect of heating on the stability of betacyanin content and color in beverage model containing betacyanin were studied. Betacyanin microcapsules were applicate in water with different pasteurization temperatures (65°C, 70°C, 75°C, 80°C) and time heating (10 minutes, 20 minutes, and 30 minutes). The result showed betacyanin content was not significantly decreased after it heated for 10 minutes to 20 minutes. This indicated betacyanin microcapsules from red dragon peel was potential to be natural food colorant in beverage model.
Utilization of fermented Seligi leaf flour Phyllanthus buxifolius toward the specific growth rate, daily growth rate and survival rate of siam catfish (Pangasius pangasius)
Authors: Budiman Y G , Lamid M , Rahardja B S , Amin M
Published: February 2021

Siam Catfish (Pangasius pangasius) is a freshwater fish commodity that has important economic value because of its fast growth and easily cultured. One way to increase catfish production is through fulfilling the nutritional requirements through the feed. However, the problem that often arises is the high cost of feed, so it is necessary to use the alternative feed to reduce feed costs. Seligi leaf flour (Phyllanthus buxifolius) is an alternative feed material that can be used as additional feed ingredients. But Seligi leaf flour has a high crude fibre content of 15.48% while the crude protein is 11.53%. Fermentation is needed to reduce crude fibre and increase protein. Specific growth rate, daily growth rate and survival rate are factors that need to be considered in the process of fish culture. The results of this study indicated that the use of Seligi leaf flour (Phyllanthus buxifolius) in catfish showed no significant difference (P> 0.05) with the control treatment at specific growth rates, daily growth rates, and survival of siam catfish (Pangasius pangasius).
Occurance of Anisakis of mackarel tuna (Euthynnus affinis) from Sendangbiru fishing auction place, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Bobsaid R , Sari P D W , Subekti S
Published: February 2021

This study aims to determine the prevalence and the intensity of Anisakis from Mackarel Tuna (Euthynnus affinis). A total number of 180 of mackarel tuna were collected from Sendangbiru Fishing Auction Place, East Java, Indonesia. Fish were examined and observed for the Anisakis using a stereo microscope and a light microscope. The morphology of Anisakis were observed after colored by Semichen-acetic carmine and drawn by camera lucida. Anisakis simplex L3 were found in all of the fish sample with the predilection in the gastrointestinal and mesenterium of Mackarel Tuna. The prevalence of A. simplex is 7.5%, while the intensity is 1.7.
Potential utilization of kombucha as a feed supplement in diets on growth performance and feed efficiency of catfish (Clarias sp.)
Authors: Ramadhan H U , Prayogo  , Kenconojati H , Rahardja B S , Azhar M H , Budi D S
Published: February 2021

Kombucha is a tea beverage obtained from the fermentation of sugared tea by a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast. Kombucha is known to have many beneficial effects in health due to its chemical content and a high source of acetic acid and lactic acid bacteria and yeast. This study aimed to investigate the effect of kombucha supplementation in feed on growth performance and feed efficiency of catfish (Clarias sp.). Four hundred fish were distributed randomly into five feeding treatment groups includes a basal diet (control) and kombucha supplementation in the fish diet at 4 mL, 6 mL, 8 mL, and 10 mL/kg of feed. The feed was administered for 30 days. Results showed that the administration of kombucha in feed significantly improved the growth performance of catfish (P<0.05). Fish fed with kombucha supplementation at 8 mL produced the highest weight gain, absolute growth rate, and specific growth rate. Feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency ratio were significantly enhanced in the administration of 8 mL kombucha in a fish diet compared to the control diet. This study indicated that administration of kombucha in fish diet had a potential for enhancing the growth performance and feed efficiency of catfish (Clarias sp.)
The Variability in Population Structure of Gastropods in Sedati Waters, Sidoarjo Regency, East Java
Authors: Fadliyah S , Sari L A , Pursetyo K T , Zein A , Idris M H , Cahyoko Y
Published: February 2021

Indonesia has a lot of mollusks wealth, one of which is gastropods. Sedati waters are one of the coastal areas of Sidoarjo Regency which has the potential of for mollusk resources in the form of sea snails. Catching mollusks continuously can cause the threat of decreasing the population of mollusks in the waters. This study aims to determine the variability of the gastropods population structure in Sedati waters, Sidoarjo Regency, East Java. This study uses an observation method with analysis statistic of variance. Gastropods identification was done by measuring length and weight, and looking at morphological characteristics. The result are gastropods found and dominant in Sedati waters in October to December are Natica vitellus, Notocochlis tigrina, Babylonia spirata, Turricula javana, Cryptospira ventricosa, Murex trapa, Rapana venosa, Nassarius olivaceus and Nassarius stolatus. Gastropod density and biomass values at station C is were greater than station A and B, with the highest values in December. The highest average value of gastropods biomass was 0.78 ton/km2 and the highest average gastropods density was 5 ind/10m2, namely in December at station C. The distribution of gastropods in Sedati waters was influenced by environmental such as substrate conditions, water quality and oceanographic, as well as fishing activities by fishermen.
The effect of pH and incubation time on rude protease enzymes activity of Bacillus mycoides from anchovy isolates (Stolephorus sp.)
Authors: Nirmala D , Yudha P , Cahyanto D
Published: February 2021

Proteases are several enzymes that are in important positions in the enzyme industry. eyebrow hydrolysis of peptide bonds on protein. Bacillus mycoides bacteria can grow in Nutrient Broth medium, these bacteria are included in facultative anaerobic bacteria. Bacillus mycoides are resistant to penicillin, positive to form Beta-hemolysis, positively catalyze hydrogen without oxidase, positively reduce nitrates and reduce methylene This study aims to determine the effect of pH and time on the protease enzyme activity of Bacillus mycoides from salted anchovy isolates. This research was conducted using a descriptive method with the treatment of pH concentration which has 5 levels, namely pH 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 which are grouped based on the incubation time which has 4 levels, namely 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours and 24 hours and each was repeated 2 times. The results showed that pH and time affected the protease enzyme activity of Bacillus mycoides from salted anchovy isolate. Different pH treatments gave significantly different effects (F count> F5%) and the optimum activity was obtained at pH 5 of 5.243 U/ml. The different incubation time treatments had a significantly different effect (F count> F5%) and the optimum activity at 24 hours was 5.154 U/ml.
Beardless barb Cyclocheilichthys apogon (Valenciennes, 1842) (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae): Distribution extension and first record from South Bali
Authors: Hasan V , Wijayanti A , Tamam M B , Islamy R A , Widodo M S
Published: February 2021

Beardless Barb Cyclocheilichthys apogon (Valenciennes, 1842) is a species known from Indonesia, including Borneo, Sumatra, Java, and Madura. This paper provides the first record of C. apogon in the Nyanyi River, one of the major rivers in South Bali, thereby extending the species distribution up to 100 km east from the earlier record. The specimens of C. apogon were characterized as follows: dorsal fin rays 12; anal fin rays 8–9; pectoral fin rays 17–18; lateral line scales 34–35. A description of detailed morfological characters of a specimen are provided.
Enhancement in synthesis of citronellyl laurate flavour by combined effect of ultrasound and immobilized lipase as heterogeneous biocatalyst
Authors: Moentamaria D , Rulianah S , Chumaidi A , Bilghis A R R , Romadoni R
Published: February 2021

This study aims to improve the performance of heterogeneous biocatalysts by using the combination of immobilized and ultrasonic lipases in the esterification reaction for the synthesis of citronellyl lauric flavors. Synthesis was conducted out through the reaction of citronellol with lauric acid by using immobilized lipase and ultrasonic. The results showed that immobilized lipase provided stability for up to 9 weeks and could be reused for 5 cycles of reactions. Immobilized lipase 473 U / gram was applied to the synthesis of citronellyl laurate with a reaction time of 90 minutes, 450C, with and without ultrasonic. The result of citronellol conversion with ultrasonic is 3.6 x higher than conventional methode. It shows that the immobilization method provided stability to the biocatalyst, but because it had a limited internal mass transfer so the rate of reaction of ester formation reduced. On the other hand, ultrasonic contributed to increase the dispersion and collision of substrate molecules, reducing reaction time, and intensifying catalytic processes. Thus, the combination of immobilized enzyme and ultrasonic methods can be applied to biochemical processes widely.
Modeling and simulation of CO2 gas desorption process in promoted MDEA solution using packed column
Authors: Ariani A , Chalim A , Hardjono H
Published: February 2021

Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas at atmospheric pressure will tend to freeze, because of low temperature (-78°C), this results in frequent blockages in the piping section. In the process of synthesis of ammonia in the industry in the presence of a catalyst, CO2 gas will be toxic because it can cover the active-side of the catalyst. The process of CO2 gas absorption that is often used is reactive absorption using promoted solvent. The most commonly used solvent is a tertiary amine alkanol solution, one of which is a solution of Methyldiethanolamin (MDEA) using a piperazine catalyst. The output solution from the absorption of CO2 gas is processed by desorption to regenerate the solvent. CO2 gas desorption process is needed to save the use of solvents and catalysts. The purpose of this research is to do modeling and simulation on the process of desorption of CO2 gas from a promote MDEA solution using a packed column. Modeling assisted software media with a rate-based model approach using numerical equations with the completion of Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) - 45. The data obtained was simulated and validated by comparing experimental data. The research parameters are the temperature of the input solution desorber, type and concentration of catalyst. Increasing the temperature of the solution and the concentration of the catalyst will increase the percent removal of CO2. This is caused by the effect of the temperature of the solution on the value of the reaction rate constant, and the type of catalyst influences the catalyst reactivity level of CO2 gas. The results of simulation data validation with experimental data show the average deviation of 22.05%, 14.24% and 7.85%.
Biodegradable foam tray based on sago starch with beeswax as coating agent
Authors: Hendrawati N , Wibowo A A , Chrisnandari R D , Adawiyah R
Published: February 2021

Biodegradable foam is an original packaging as a styrofoam alternative. Sago starch is used to produce biodegradable foam because of its huge amount, low-cost, and high biodegradability. Starch as a prospectus foam material is sensitive to water due to its hydrophilic properties. Thus, improvement is necessary to boost its water resistance capability. Coating the foam with a hydrophobic material prevents water contact with the starch. In this work, Beeswax was used as a coating agent due to its hydrophobicity. The purpose of this work to determine the concentration and time of beeswax coating on the mechanical properties of biodegradable foam. Beeswax was varied at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% wt concentration with coating duration process for 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 seconds. Biodegradable foam was produced by baking process at 80°C for 1 hour 20 minutes. The results showed that the beeswax coating process increases the water resistance, although it does not significantly affect the tensile strength. Beeswax addition as much as 4% wt. for 150 seconds had improved the biodegradable foam properties as much as 1.92%, 73% in 28 days, and 0.09 MPa for water absorption capability, biodegradability, and tensile strength, respectively.
The study of xylanase immobilize enzyme using sol-gel method
Authors: Hadiantoro S , Maryanty Y , Wulan D R , Putri S A , Putra E M , Achmadin N S
Published: February 2021

Xylanase has many benefits, but many obstacles to produce it. Common microorganisms produce fungi and bacteria such as Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viride, and Bacillus subtilis. Various methods can do enzyme immobilization; one of them is entrapment in the form of sol-gel. This study discusses the xylanase activity. The enzymes have produced from Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viride, and Bacillus subtilis. After that, the xylanase enzyme has immobilization using the sol-gel method. This study is doing by lab work and study literature. Lab work is for knowing fiber amount by van Soest method with amount of % hemyselulosa 4,8% 7,33%, 9,1% for media 0 months, two months, and four-month. The study literature doing with compare xylanase amount by Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viride, and Bacillus subtilis the highest enzyme activity by Trichoderma viride with optimum condition temperature 25°C, pH five and incubation time 36 hours with enzyme activity 26,67 U/mL. The immobilization obtained xylanase activity of 28.88 U / mL. The matrix composition of TEOS, 5% xylan, and 5% calcium alginate during fermentation for 168 hours. This value is higher than the fermentation process without immobilization carried out for 72 hours with an activity value of 22.04 U / mL.
Syngas production process from catalytic cracking of glycerol based on modified zeolite catalyst Ni/ZSM-5
Authors: Dewajani H , Moentamaria D , Hakim A R , Iswara M A I , Mahsunah I Z , Rahima A F
Published: February 2021

Increased biodiesel production has an effect on increasing the availability of glycerol, where glycerol is a by-product of biodiesel production. So far, the use of glyserol is less than optimal where only a small portion is used as an additive in the food industry. So it needs efforts to utilize glycerol becoming a more valuable product. Based on its characteristics, glycerol is potentially converted with catalytic cracking process produced gas that are enrich in H2, CO which is known as synthesis gas (Syngas). Syngas is the main ingredient in the petrochemical industry, besides syngas can also be used as an alternative fuel do to its heating value. The main objective of this research is to study the conversion of glycerol to syngas with the catalytic cracking process, the effect of the ratio of catalyst to glycerol and reaction temperature on product yield. This research was carried out in a semi batch reactor filled with Ni/ZSM-5 catalyst which was flowed by Nitrogen gas at 350, 400, 450 and 500°C reaction temperature variations with catalyst ratio of 0, 3, 4 and 5% (w/w). Gas products were analyzed using Gas Chromatography (GC) to determine the composition of the constituent gases which are CO, CO2, H2 and the catalyst characterization was carried out by the BET, XRD and AAS methods. The highest yield was obtained at a proocess temperature of 500 °C with catalyst ratio of 3 wt % which produced 49.45% of Syngas with the hydrogen selectivity of 20.94%.
The effect of tranducer distance on the concrete crack depth measurement using PUNDIT
Authors: Suhariyanto S , Arystianto D P , Raharjo B A
Published: February 2021

The depth of crack in concrete structural elements can be measured using ultrasonic waves. One tool that can be used is PUNDIT. The research was conducted by measuring the depth of cracks on the concrete beam test object with a variation of the PUNDIT transducer distance. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of the distance of the transducer (b) on the relative error (% error) measured in the cracked concrete depth. The results showed that the results of concrete crack depth measurements with the smallest relative error (% error) is obtained by adjusting the transducer distance to about 2/3 or 0.67 the thickness of the test object (h). At the distance of the transducer less than 0.67 or more than 0.67 the thickness of the test object, the relative error (% error) will be greater.
Usability measurement for Sistem Proyek Akhir Manajemen Rekayasa Konstruksi (SIPROK-MRK) measured with the system usability scale
Authors: Wahiddin W , Syulistyo A R , Shoumi M N
Published: February 2021

During the corona virus pandemic, the thesis examination in the Construction Engineering Management study program was conducted online. This is in accordance with the rules of the director at State polytechnic of Malang. Based on this background, a thesis examination system was developed to enable the tests to be conducted online. The main features of this application are the guidance assessment, exam evaluation and revision can be done online. To evaluate the system that has been developed, the usability level of the application is measured using the System Usability Scale. System usability scale is a technique used to measure usability score, system quality, the information presented and the system interface. Based on the questionnaire filled by user the usability score of SIPROK-MRK was 0,82.
The development of interlocking models of lightweight bricks and shear failure assessment of its wall structures
Authors: Rochman T , Rasidi N , Aditya Y
Published: February 2021

In this paper the development of interlocking models of lightweight bricks is proposed and its shear failure assessment in wall structures has been studied. Walls are a brittle infill structures and quiet vulnerable to collapse compared among all building components when a strong earthquake occurs. An interlocking system approach is such a simple method that is proposed to make sure the wall behave keep strong and stiff during seismic load. This research was performed to improve the shear capability and modelling of lightweight brick as well, which is interlocked each other. The data from the specific gravity testing results and its compressive strength then inputted as one of the modelling parameters. An experiment was carried out utilizing the Taguchi method to find out the optimum mixture used in shear testing in medium scale of walls. The compressive strength and shear strength testing methods follow the Indonesian code of SNI 03-1974-1990 and ASTM E2126-2011. The cube specimens of 15x15x15cm were used for compressive experiments, while a set of wall structures of 100x100 cm that was surrounded by reinforced concrete practical frame of columns and beams of 13x13 cm was used as shear test specimens. From shear testing results that using cyclic loads, it was found that the system can resist a maximum load of 45 kN by a lateral deflection of 45 mm. The results also obtained elastic stiffness of 2.55 kN / mm, the yielding behaviour occurs at the load, lateral deflection, ductility factor Δf/Δy and shear strength of 38.25 kN, 14,961 mm, 2.61 and 35,714 kN / mm respectively, which means that each width of 1 mm wall can be resist a shear load of 35,714 kN. It can be simply concluded that in cyclic shear loads, the more the wall is getting damaged or cracked, the structural stiffness will decreased as shown in a hysteresis behaviour.
Small scale hybrid power generation for remote area electrification
Authors: Hidayat M N , Ronilaya F , Eryk I H , Wibowo S , Hakim L
Published: February 2021

Javan Langur Centre (JLC) is a facility dedicated to the treatment of langur, an endangered primate species. To support the maintenance and rehabilitation activities, the need for electrical energy is a vital. In this facility, electrical energy is needed for lighting and baby primate’s incubator with a total power of around 120 watts. There is no electricity grid included in this area and the supply of electrical energy is still very dependent on the gen-set owned by the residents which is located approximately 2 km from JLC, making it less efficient. In terms of natural energy resources, JLC has the availability of water sources that originate from small streams making it possible to develop pico-hydro technology. There has been built a pico-hydro power generation with a potential electric power that can be generated approximately 300 watts. However, the water discharge of the river stream in that area is quite low, around 0.00035 m3/s, that makes the efficiency of the power generation is 10% only. In other words, the actual electrical power that can be generated is around 30 watts. So as to meet the electrical power needs at JLC, another electrical energy source is needed. One alternative is to install solar cells or photo voltaic (PV) with a capacity of 100 watts peak. The output power of these two energy sources can be combined and regulated by applying Hybrid Power Generation technology. With the application of this technology, the need for electrical energy in the JLC area can be met.
Authenticity of money using the method KNN (K-Nearest Neighbor) and CNN (Convolutional Neural Network)
Authors: Rahmad C , Rohadi E , Lusiana R A
Published: February 2021

Nowadays, the circulation of counterfeit money is significantly increased, encouraging to conduct research related to genuine real money detection or counterfeit money based on digital imagery. Technological sophistication one of the quality of printers whose ink is very good and can print money like the original makes the layman should be more wary of money ownership. In this research conducted the authenticity of money using the method KNN (K-Nearest Neighbor) and CNN (Convolutional Neural Network). Accuracy KNN method is 87,75%. While the detection accuracy used by CNN is 96,67%. The results obtained from these 2 methods can still be improved with advanced research namely with pre production on the set and the image used. The data set used has the same exposure level, image capture angle and image size.
Finite element modeling and analytic algorithm for electromagnetic performance of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) 24 Slot 16 poles from modification of induction motor 0, 75kw 3 Phase
Authors: Wibowo S S , Saputra M , Santoso A H , Rosidah N , Arinda A
Published: February 2021

Modification of the induction motor into a permanent magnet synchronous generator is to put a permanent magnet on the squirrel cages stator to generate the magnetic pole as a replacement for the electromagnet pole produced at a separately excitation of the conventional synchronous generator called the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG). The purpose of this research is to design PMSG by modification of induction motors into permanent magnet synchronous generator with 24 slots 16 pole by using radial flux and utilizing stator. This research is a software-based FEM (Finite Element Method) for design and the magnetic Material used for permanent magnet synchronous generators is Neodymium Iron Boron (NdFeB). The PMSG on this design obtains the back EMF constant for its half-cycle of 4.902 rad/s and gets a voltage of 191.455 Vdc at 375 rpm speed and when given the loading of 100 Ω at 375 rpm speed produces a voltage of 176.73 Vdc, the current of 1.77 A and the output power is 313.24 Watt with efficiency reaching 85%. The PMSG modelling is done to have a specification of 24 slots 16 poles, changes the the characteristic Induction motor with synchrounous speed of 1500 rpm becomes as low as 375 rp. So This PMSG modification can be used as wind turbine or microhydro power palnt with low speed prime mover energy.
Mini PC based parking location determenation in POLINEMA
Authors: Kusumawardani M , Suharto N , Wirayoga S
Published: February 2021

Motorbikes and cars are the most widely used means of transportation by students, lecturers, and employees at Polinema. 14 motorcycle parking locations are available with a total capacity of approximately 6605 motorcycles and 18 car park locations with a capacity of around 330 vehicles. With a total of 12,226 students and 530 permanent lecturers and assuming 50% of them bring vehicles to campus at the same time, it can be estimated that the real need for parking and the difficulty in finding a parking space that is currently empty. The purpose of this study is to provide information to parking users about the location that can be occupied by the vehicle. The method used is to install 2 infrared sensors in 8 parking locations. Every 2 minutes the sensor sends data to the server, and then the server processes and provides information about the parking space vacancy. Information is displayed through displays displayed at each parking location in POLINEMA. The results of the work of the system made in this study can be seen on a monitor connected to the server which will make it easier for motorists who want to park their vehicles in the POLINEMA area. Measurements taken to see system performance are delay and the success rate of the system. Of all the measurements, the largest delay average was 1.9 seconds and the smallest delay average was 0.636 seconds. for the success rate it has the highest 100% and for the lowest is 80%.
Analysis and comparison of nonlinear control for DC/DC buck converter in PV system
Authors: Palupi L N , Winarno T , Mandayatma E , Ardhenta L
Published: February 2021

The use of DC power systems is increasingly widely used, so we need a system to convert DC power systems, one of which is a buck converter. The buck converter system requires a controller so that the output voltage generated is as desired without any disturbance when the buck is operating. This study examines improvements in buck converter performance using backstepping and SMC controllers. Backstepping controller and SMC are able to maintain stability where it can be shown by looking at the output voltage value of the buck converter. The results of a comparison of the simulation implementation of the backstepping controller and the SMC show that the recovery time of the SMC is faster than backstepping. From this comparison it is also seen that the amount of SMC voltage deviation is smaller than backstepping.
Energy Database Management System (EDBMS)-based data acquisition audit for electricity savings analysis
Authors: Syamsiana I N , Wibowo S S , Hakim M F , Ridzki I , Firjatoellah R
Published: February 2021

State Polytechnic of Malang (POLINEMA) has taken a part of a joint action to energy savings. The load profile of POLINEMA has specificity in the intensity of electricity energy (IKE) consumption due to it charachterictic as a vocational higher education. This specificity has caused POLINEMA to have many laboratories and workshops in each building. Energy savings can be done if it is supported by an energy consumption data audit system. The data will be calculated and compared to IKE standart. For that purpose, this research is aimed to design and implement an Energy consumption monitoring device based on Enegry Database Management System (EDBMS). In this research, the energy audits were carried out on the lighting and cooling systems of seven buildings in POLINEMA, namely AB, AC, AD, AE, AF, AG, and AH buildings. After auditing of each building is as follows, the IKE value in the AB building is 30.5 kWh/m2/Year, the AC building is 7.5 kWh/m2/Year, the AD building is 15.2 kWh/m2/Year, the AE building is 24.3 kWh/m2/Year, AF building at 71 kWh/m2/Year, AG building at 79.5 kWh/m2/Year, and AH building at 22.6 kWh/m2/Year. In conclusion is Energy consumption in POLINEMA is classified as efficient where the standard of a building for Commercial/Education is 240 kWh/m2/Year.
Improving teleoperation robots performance by eliminating view limit using 360 camera and enhancing the immersive experience utilizing VR headset
Authors: Wibowo S , Siradjuddin I , Ronilaya F , Hidayat M N
Published: February 2021

A teleoperated robotic system offers a rapid deployment for performing tasks in dangerous environments. An effective teleoperation requires a proper feedback system such as a vision system using cameras. Despite its effectiveness of using camera, the limited field of view (FoV) become one of the main burdens of the operation. To deal with this problem, some researchers used wider-view camera or multiple cameras. In contrast, this research proposed to achieve a better teleoperation by eliminating FoV limit by using 360 camera. This research also aimed to improve the immersive experience by utilizing virtual reality (VR) headset. The proposed framework then developed to accommodate all the requirements and then evaluated by some numerous trials by some participants. An AprilTag marker was placed on the robot and tracked by a ceiling mounted camera to record the trajectory data. The obtained trajectories then measured its performance by using a standard performance metrics. The experiments demonstrated that the proposed method achieved lower collision area, closer to desired ideal path and smoother than using a standard camera as the feedback system. However, as the 360-video streaming induced higher latency, the proposed approach was slower. The measurements justified that the proposed approach achieved a better teleoperation especially for mission critical tasks.
Solar panels output optimization using Phase Change Material (PCM) and heatsink applied in open-pit mining
Authors: Widodo S , Taqwa A , Rusdianasari R
Published: February 2021

Solar energy can be utilize to power a system located far from the electricity sources such a mobile tower applied in open-pit mining in PT Bukit Asam Tbk. However, the tropical weather in an open-pit mining can increase the surface temperature of a Photovoltaic (PV) panel, lead to overheating and the reduction of the efficiency and the reduced electricity power. This condition requires a cooling system to reduce the temperature. This paper presents the application of Phase Change Material (PCM) and heatsink as the cooling system for a PV panels. The PCM installed are in two sizes aluminum hollows, a 0.0025 m3 and 0.00625 m3. The experiment was conducted in 2 batches, 14-29 February 2020 for the installed 0.0025 m3 aluminum hollow, and 1-14 March 2020 for 0.00625 m3. The application of a 0.00625 m3 can reduce the PV panel’s surface temperature up to 3-5°C. The generated current using PCM 0.00625 m3 is 0.034 A for Isc and 0.014 A Iload higher than without cooling system. The application of a aluminum hallow with the size of 0.00625 m3 gives 9-20% efficiency, and the efficiency gives 8-15%. The experimental results show that the use of a hollow aluminum with a size of 0.00625 m3 can reduce the surface temperature of the PV panel and increase the power and efficiency of the PV panels.
Automatic irrigation monitoring system based on photovoltaic solar energy with fuzzy logic
Authors: Ariyanto Y , Wakhidah R , Utari H F , Harijanto B
Published: February 2021

Indonesia’s food self-sufficiency program requires the use of paddy fields with rice as the main food. That irrigation infrastructure problem also needs efficiency mitigation of cost impact using fuel oil in operation manually of engine irrigation. An automatic photovoltaic irrigation system can solve the problem of deficiency irrigation infrastructure, especially in the dry season as a more efficient power supply for irrigation infrastructure. In this research, implemented the automatic photovoltaic irrigation system is combined with the sunlight tracking system to get power supply, according to the direction of the sun. The irrigation pattern requires the suitability of soil moisture, water level, and power supply voltage as variables for the application of an automatic photovoltaic irrigation system. An automatic photovoltaic irrigation system is equipped with a website to monitor the irrigation variables. The Irrigation variables data is obtained from sensor readings then sent by NodeMCU to the website and calculates the suitability of irrigation variables as parameters using fuzzy logic to control automatic irrigation. The conclusion from this study was obtained after testing the system with the system running well, fuzzy logic parameters run with variables value of voltage > 9.9 Volt, water level < 2cm, and soil moisture < 69%.
A development of an Arduino pure sine wave inverter for a small scale off-grid solar PV system
Authors: Ronilaya F , Ilmawati S , Huda M , Anistia W , Syamsiana I N , Hidayat M N
Published: February 2021

This paper presents the implementation of Arduino Nano microcontroller for a single-phase pure sine wave inverter, which can convert DC voltage to AC voltage at high efficiency and low cost. Solar-powered electricity generation is being favored nowadays as the world increasingly focuses on environmental concerns. The designed inverter converted DC voltage into AC voltage for a small-scale off-grid solar PV system suitable for electrification in remote areas, pollution-free, and inexpensive. Its inverter uses a sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique and a simple circuit, consisting of only 2 MOSFET switches and 1 MOSFET driver. The H-bridge inverter’s output is applied to a step-up transformer with a dual coil input and a single-coil output, and hence, we can create positive and negative sides of the wave. Mitigate a voltage noise; a capacitor is parallelly installed at the secondary side of the transformer. Several simulations are performed to verify the effectiveness of the designed inverter using Proteus software, and continued hardware implementation. Based on some experiments we have done, the designed inverter produces a 230 V r.m.s 50 Hz sine wave with very low harmonics distortion. The highest efficiency was obtained using 2200nF / 400V of the filter capacitor, and the smallest voltage regulation gained using 2200nF / 400V of the filter capacitor when compared with other capacitors. The proposed system is economical, efficient, and reliable and can be used for small scale power applications.
Solar panel performance monitoring using Wireless Sensor Network in State Polytechnic of Malang
Authors: Junus M , Hidayati N , Wijayanti R A
Published: February 2021

The electricity supply used in State Polytechnic of Malang (Polinema) is still fully supported by PLN by utilizing the electricity source of the Electric Steam Power Plant (PLTU) with coal as a fuel. As the use of electricity in Polinema’s environment is very large, this has an impact on the expensive cost that must be incurred every month. The use of solar power as a new source of electricity that utilizes the nature of renewable energy can be used as an alternative electricity in Polinema. Supported by the use of solar panels with relatively affordable price and can be used as a long-term investment, it is expected that the use of electricity from PLN can be replaced by this solar power plant (PLTS). In this research, a prototype of electrical energy monitoring device produced by solar panel using several sensors connected in one network or commonly called Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) was designed and made. WSN was built using ESP32 microcontroller which is assembled with a voltage and current sensor which then the readings from the sensors will be sent wirelessly to the router to proceed to the server with internet facilities. Information from the sensors are being continously stored and monitored, so user can see the results of WSN reading from any location connected to the internet (real time).
Android based Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) mobile application on humidity and temperature environmental monitor using CC2650 sensor tag
Authors: Asmara R A , Siradjuddin I , Romadhona R D
Published: February 2021

This research proposed environmental sensing humidity and ambient temperature or object use CC2560 Texas instrument sensor tag device. This device will be implemented on a mobile app to detect surrounding humidity and temperature environment, hoping that it will be used to monitor the user’s daily activity. The sensor will transmit raw data to a central data collector mobile app using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) communication and configured with the other same device CC2650 sensor tag in a field with Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Temperature and Humidity sensing was doing with distance to testing the accurate and sensitivity about the sensor device and the sensor is going work well when the time sampling in second time, the humidity and temperature can follow and change with real time sampling until 30s start from 30.12 and humidity start from 85.81 percent because of specification of the sensor device data transfer very fast wit Bluetooth Low Energy / multi-protocol 2.4 GHz and wireless MCUs with 352-kB flash and 80-kB SRAM, so the device get very little energy, low cost, and have good durability can access data and transmit for a long time.
Experimental analysis of temperature, light intensity, and humidity on rooftop standalone solar power plant
Authors: Widjanarko W , Alia N , Dani A , Perdana F A
Published: February 2021

Rooftop standalone solar technology is a new renewable power generation solution worldwide and can reduce carbon dioxide levels in the environment. However, several factors affect the performance of the power plant, it is highly influenced by weather parameters. This paper shows the design of the rooftop standalone solar power plant and the influence of temperature, light intensity, and environmental humidity on it. The designed system consists of a 200WP photovoltaic, 1260Wh LiFePO4 battery, and an MPPT solar charge controller 40A. This standalone power plant was applied to supply the energy of the home lighting, with 20Watt the total of power. The result shows the design of the rooftop standalone solar power plant. Furthermore, there is an influence of temperature, light intensity, and environmental humidity on the LiFePO4 battery input power.
Voltage control for variable speed wind turbine using buck converter based on PID controller
Authors: Putri R I , Syamsiana I N , Rifa’i M , Aditya F
Published: February 2021

Currently, energy diversification is needed to overcome the limitations of fossil energy as a fuel for electricity generation. In Indonesia, one source of renewable energy that has great potential is wind energy. Wind energy conversion system is an environmentally friendly electricity generator with unlimited availability. However, the electrical energy produced depends on the fluctuating wind speed so that it produces a fluctuating voltage. Variable speed wind turbine is one of the most widely used wind turbine types because it has better efficiency but requires control to overcome the fluctuations in the voltage generated. This paper presents voltage control on a prototype variable speed wind turbine with a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) and buck converter. The output voltage generated by the PMSG will be rectified by a three-phase uncontrolled rectifier. Voltage control is done through the duty cycle settings on the buck converter that is connected to the battery for energy storage. PID controller is used to set the duty cycle of PWM pulses with a switching frequency of 31.5 kHz. The Propotional Integrator Differensiator (PID) controller is embedded in the microcontroller. Based on the test results, the resulting output voltage can be held constant at 14V by providing variations in wind speed changes which are simulated through PMSG speed changes. Transient responses with the fastest settling time of 1.2 s were obtained with the PID controller parameter values Kp = 0.6, Ki = 0.15 and Kd = 0.6.
Control plastic pellet feeding double extruders for 3D printing symmetric bilateral
Authors: Setiawan B , Damayanti A M , Siradjuddin I , Widjanarko W , Permatasari D C , Audiana V U
Published: February 2021

Three Dimensional Printing (3DP) is one of the technologies that support industry 4.0. One of the common 3DP technology is FFF (fused filament Fabrication), the technology is also known as Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). In this case, extrusion thermoplastic through a hot nozzle with certain melting temperature. The extrusion machine (extruder) will melt the plastic pellet and push the pellet through a heating zone that has a different temperature and pushed out by a screw to the nozzle to be printed into objects. This research aims, to make a control innovation for plastic pellet feeding double extruders. Those extruders for a bilateral 3DP symmetrically to print an object with a size of 2000x2000x2000mm using FDM method. The research simulation results showed that the extruder melts the plastic pellets with a temperature of melting is 200°C, temperature controlled by PID. In this research using 4mm plastic pellets diameter polyethylene high density (HDPE). The double extruders is controlled by two stepper motors Y- and Y+ axis with speed 70mm/s, on 2mm nozzle diameter. The extruder can be produce 110mm melted plastic filaments in 250 steps.