bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The quality of the meat of ostriches transported
over various distances
Authors: Wójcik Anna , Pomianowski Janusz , Mituniewicz Tomasz , Sowińska Janina , Witkowska Dorota
Published: January 2020

The aim of the study was to determine the effects of different transport distances from the farm to the slaughterhouse in summer on the quality of ostrich meat. The experimental materials were 110 ostriches aged 10-12 months, raised on four Polish farms. The study showed that increasing the transport distance varied the quality parameters examined in the meat. As transport distance increased slightly lower water content was observed in the meat, with a higher content of protein, fat and ash and an upward trend in acidity (both pH45min and pH24h), increased water holding capacity and a lighter colour 45 minutes meat after slaughter. The results may indicate an increasing burden of stress factors on the ostriches during transport, which then affect the quality of ostrich meat.
The use of butylated hydroxytoluene in cryopreservation of boar semen
Authors: Trzcińska Monika , Baryła Magdalena
Published: January 2020

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on the quality and fertilizing capacity of frozen-thawed (FT) boar semen. Semen from five boars (36 ejaculates) was resuspended in lactose-egg yolk-glycerol extender supplemented with 0 (control), 1.0 (R1), 1.5 (R2) or 2.0 mM BHT (R3). Sperm quality was assessed based on motility (CASA; TM: total motility; PM: progressive motility), phosphatidylserine (PS) translocation across the plasma membrane (Annexin-V-FLuos Staining Kit) and DNA fragmentation (TUNEL Assay). The FT semen was also used for intrauterine artificial insemination (AI) of synchronized gilts. The fertilizing capacity of the FT semen was assessed on the basis of the gilt insemination rate and the number of morphologically normal embryos. The quality of the preimplantation embryos was determined by observing a TUNEL-positive reaction. The highest percentage of progressive motile and viable spermatozoa was noted in extender R3 (74.8 ±4.4% and 63.7 ±5.8%), as compared with the control (38.3 ±2.8% and 36.1 ±2.6%). The addition of BHT to the extender did not increase early apoptotic changes in the frozen-thawed spermatozoa with respect to the control. Irrespective of the variant of the extender, cryopreservation and thawing did not induce fragmentation in the boar spermatozoa. The highest number of morphologically normal embryos from inseminated gilts was observed in the case of semen cryopreserved in extender supplemented with 1.5 mM BHT. No significant differences were observed in DNA fragmentation in the expanded blastocysts from gilts inseminated with FT semen cryopreserved in the extenders analysed.
Macrodebris and microplastics pollution in Nigeria: first report on abundance, distribution and composition
Authors: Ebere Enyoh Christian , Wirnkor Verla Andrew , Ngozi Verla Evelyn , Chukwuemeka Ihenetu Stanley
Published: January 2020

The abundance, distribution and composition of marine debris ( > 5 cm) and small microplastics (11 μm) from five rivers in South Eastern Nigeria was investigated. This study provided the first assessment of the type and quantity of marine litter and microplastics in Nigeria. A total of 3,487 macrodebris items/m2 were counted with the following distribution: plastics (59%), metal (10%), cloth (7%), paper/cardboard (7%), rubber (7%), glass/ceramics (5%), medical and agro-based waste (3%), and wood (2%). The cleanliness of the river assessed with clean coast index ranged from “very clean” to “extremely dirty”. Microplastics abundance ranged from 440 to 1,556 particles/L, with high accumulation at downstream. Fragment shape was most abundant while fiber and film followed. The distribution of plastic types was PET (29%), PE (22%), PVC (16%), PP (14%), and others (6%). Significant relationship was found between the total abundances of microplastics and different macrodebris groups suggesting that microplastics were abundant in areas where the macrodebris abundance was high. Our results provide baseline information for future assessments. Management actions should focus on input prevention including proper waste management, recycling of plastics, and strict penalties for illegal dumping of wastes.
Agência e estrutura: representações sociais da agricultura no campo acadêmico
Authors: Bosetti Cleber José
Published: January 2020

O objetivo deste artigo foi compreender como ocorre o processo de identificação dos estudantes de agronomia com os modelos de agricultura, a partir da tipificação agricultura produtivista e agroecologia. A metodologia do trabalho envolveu a aplicação de um questionário estruturado em universidades públicas e privadas/comunitárias no Estado de Santa Catarina e a análise de documentos que refletem as concepções curriculares das instituições em relação aos modelos de agricultura. Na primeira aplicamos a análise estatística por associação de variáveis com a utilização do software ‘R’; na segunda fizemos a análise de conteúdo dos documentos. Com isso, identificamos que a representação dos modelos de agricultura por parte dos estudantes de agronomia é resultado de uma construção que envolve o habitus trazido pelos estudantes em suas trajetórias sociais e a configuração do campo acadêmico.
Produção acadêmica sobre sucessão rural e agricultura familiar: uma análise do contexto brasileiro do período (2003-2018)
Authors: Vieira João Paulo Louzada , Bahiense Douglas Vianna , Silva Suany Machado da
Published: January 2020

Nos últimos anos, o Brasil tem institucionalizado uma série de políticas públicas e ações voltadas para o segmento da agricultura familiar. Nesse contexto, emerge a juventude rural como uma categoria de ator social responsável pela continuidade da propriedade familiar, que passa a ser valorizada pelas ações governamentais e pelos debates científicos. Considerando essa valorização, o presente artigo busca analisar os fatores que interferem no processo sucessório na agricultura familiar e como vem sendo trabalhado as políticas públicas para a juventude rural nas pesquisas científicas. Metodologicamente, optou-se por utilizar o estado da arte acerca do tema em estudo, tomando-se como corpus de análise à produção acadêmica no período de 2003 a 2018 disponível no Portal de Periódicos CAPES. Foi encontrado um total de 29 trabalhos científicos divididos em 3 principais áreas do conhecimento que analisam os processos socioculturais e econômicos da sucessão rural.
The Effects of Mathematics Preparation and Mathematics Attitudes on College Calculus Performance
Authors: Sonnert Gerhard , Barnett Melissa D. , Sadler Philip M.
Published: January 2020

Students’ attitudes toward mathematics and the strength of their mathematics preparation typically go hand in hand such that their specific effects are difficult to disentangle. Employing the method of propensity weighting of a continuous variable, we built hierarchical linear models in which mathematics attitudes and preparation are uncorrelated. Data used came from a national survey of U.S. college students taking introductory calculus (
N
= 5,676). A 1-standard-deviation increase in mathematics preparation predicted a 4.72-point higher college calculus grade, whereas a 1-­standard-deviation increase in mathematics attitudes resulted in a 3.15-point gain. Thus, the effect of mathematics preparation was about 1.5 times that of mathematics attitudes. The two variables did not interact, nor was there any interaction between gender and these variables.
Os benefícios da acupuntura no tratamento da ansiedade
Authors: Franco Leonardo Ricardo , Queiroz Danyelle Brito Cirqueira
Published: December 2019

Qualquer pessoa pode passar pelo transtorno de ansiedade, é um mal que atinge todas as classes sociais, ela se apresenta geralmente antes de eventos importantes, apresentações de negócios, quando estamos sendo analisados. Infelizmente quando não tratados esses sintomas podem tornar-se uma anomalia negativa, como medos, e podem tornar-se crônicos. Quando a vítima de ansiedade entra em estado crônico, elas podem ser atormentadas por ataques de pânico, pensamentos obsessivos, flashbacks de eventos traumáticos, pesadelos, ou vários sintomas físicos de medo. Existem tratamentos adequados e eficazes que podem sanar este problema, a acupuntura, medicina tradicional chinesa, que vem sendo utilizada como complemento para a medicina alopática, por meio de agulhas é uma aliada ao tratamento da ansiedade. Partindo dessa premissa o presente artigo de referência bibliográfica tem como objetivo atestar que a acupuntura auxilia no tratamento da ansiedade. Desta forma foi realizado pesquisas em artigos científicos e teses relacionados ao tema proposto.
Reabilitação oral por meio de intervenções múltiplas: relato de caso clínico
Authors: Teixeira Larissa Lima , Laurindo Brenda Matsunaga
Published: December 2019

No Brasil há uma grande demanda por atendimento odontológico devido a uma série de comprometimentos orais, que acabam prejudicando o bem-estar físico e emocional do paciente, influenciando diretamente sua qualidade de vida. O principal comprometimento é o estético, dado pelo edentulismo que pode ser causada por vários fatores, sendo a cárie a principal, caracterizada pela destruição dos tecidos dentários saudáveis pela combinação da tríade: microrganismo, susceptibilidade e tempo. Outro grande fator é a doença periodontal, que consiste na inflamação e destruição dos tecidos de suporte dos dentes acometidos por microrganismos presentes na área, evoluindo para uma mobilidade dental, causando em última instânciaa perdas dentárias. Tais condições necessitam de uma intervenção múltipla, pelo processo restaurador, associado a raspagens e por fim a reabilitação com uso de próteses dentárias. O objetivo desse trabalho é relatar o caso de um paciente com comprometimento oral estético e funcional em decorrência de periodontite crônica, lesões de cárie e prótese parcial mal adaptada, o mesmo recebeu intervenções multidisciplinares para sua reabilitação oral. Como conclusão verificou-sea importância de uma avaliação minuciosa para desenvolver o plano de tratamento adequado, podendo ser necessário um tratamento múltiplo em diferentes áreas da odontologia, sempre levando em consideração individualidades, como a expectativas do paciente e as questões biológicas, considerando o impacto na qualidade de vida e na sua autoestima como um fator subjetivo e de fundamental importância para se atingir o sucesso do tratamento.
Avifauna alojada nos CETAS/IBAMA nos estados do Rio Grande do Norte e Paraíba, Brasil
Authors: Pereira Thatiany de Sousa , Souza Adeilma Fernandes de , Barbosa Edja Daise Oliveira , Chaves Marcio Frazão
Published: December 2019

A comercialização ilegal de animais silvestres é um processo disseminado por todo o mundo. No Brasil, essa prática ilegal baseada na retirada dos animais silvestres da natureza se tornou uma das principais fontes do contrabando da fauna. Por representar um dos grupos de vertebrados de maior importância cinegética no mundo, sobretudo, devido a sua relevância econômica e sociocultural, as aves são os animais que mais sofrem com o tráfico clandestino. O presente estudo foi realizado com objetivo de caracterizar o comércio ilegal de aves silvestres com base no registro de dados dos Centros de Triagem de Animais Silvestres do IBAMA em duas áreas do Nordeste do Brasil – Rio Grande do Norte e Paraíba. A coleta de dados ocorreu de março de 2014 a janeiro de 2015 através de consultas aos bancos informacionais disponibilizado pelo CETAS-RN e pelo CETAS-PB. Os dados foram quantificados entre os anos de 2005 a 2014, referentes à entrada de aves apreendidas ou entregues voluntariamente pela população local. Pode-se estimar que houve o aumento do tráfico de animais silvestres devido: a redução no recebimento de espécies nos CETAS de ambos os Estados; a falta de investimentos e a carência de destinação desses animais.  Houve prevalência das aves entre os grupos apreendidos e recebidos, destacando-se os Passeriformes e os Psittaciformes. As espécies mais apreendidas foram o Sicalis flaveola (canário-da-terra), Paroaria dominicana (galo-de-campina) e Cyanoloxia brissonii (azulão). Já as espécies endêmicas da caatinga mais frequentes durante os anos analisados foram: P. dominicana (galo-de-campina), Eupsittula cactorium (periquito-da-caatinga) e Sporophila albogularis (golinha).
Uso de bandejas coloridas para amostragem de Odonata (insecta)
Authors: Vale Ana Luiza Silva Ribeiro do , Souza Marcos Magalhães de
Published: December 2019

A ordem Odonata reúne os insetos conhecidos popularmente como libélulas. Esses organismos realizam importantes serviços ambientais nos ecossistemas associados a ambientes aquáticos dulcícolas e nas cadeias tróficas. Existem diferentes métodos de amostragem de Odonata adulto em campo, como busca ativa, armadilhas luminosas e malaise, entretanto há poucas informações quanto ao uso de bandejas coloridas para esse táxon, já utilizada para outros grupos de insetos. Nesse sentido o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de amostragem de Odonata por bandejas coloridas. O estudo foi conduzido em áreas de mata e campo associados a ambientes dulcícolas lênticos e lóticos na fazenda escola do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais, Campus Inconfidentes, nos meses de novembro de 2017, fevereiro e março de 2018, utilizando bandejas brancas, azuis, vermelhas e amarelas, totalizando 300 horas de esforço de amostragem por armadilha. Foram coletados 76 espécimes de oito espécies e duas famílias de Odonata As bandejas azuis foram mais eficientes do que as demais para coleta de Odonata. Apesar da eficiência da busca ativa para estudos com libélulas, o presente estudo indica as bandejas coloridas para amostragem desses insetos, seja pela sua eficiência, pelo baixo custo e pela facilidade do uso.
Perfil dos agricultores de uma cooperativa de Apodi/RN, receptividade ao cultivo de cártamo e percepção sobre agrotóxicos e alternativas
Authors: Sousa Emanuel , Silva Raimunda Adlany Dias da , Morais Flávia Cunha de , Lima Émile Rocha de , Lichston Juliana Espada
Published: December 2019

As mudanças climáticas impulsionam a busca por fontes sustentáveis ao desenvolvimento humano. Dentre elas está a substituição de combustíveis fósseis pelos oriundos de biomassa, como o biodiesel. O cártamo é uma planta com potencial de se tornar matéria-prima para produção desse combustível no semiárido nordestino, sendo interessante para a agricultura familiar, como impulso ao desenvolvimento socioeconômico local e regional. Objetivou-se verificar aceitabilidade de agricultores familiares de uma cooperativa de Apodi/RN quanto a essa possibilidade, apresentando cartilha com informações sobre o cultivo do cártamo em campo, bem como os tratos com a cultura. Diante da atual busca de cultivos mais sustentáveis, também se verificou a percepção dos agricultores sobre uso de defensivos agrícolas alternativos em substituição aos agrotóxicos. Para tanto, conduziram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas. Dentre os participantes desta pesquisa, percebeu-se a predominância de homens — 78%, com 22% de mulheres — sendo ambos distribuídos majoritariamente na faixa etária dos 22 aos 59 anos (93%). Dos entrevistados 80% são casados e a maioria reside na própria zona rural de Apodi (96%). Quanto à escolaridade, a maior parte possui o Ensino Fundamental incompleto. Os participantes foram receptivos à cartilha e à possibilidade de cultivo, estando atualmente num cenário pouco diverso em culturas, frágil ante estiagens e pragas, apesar de considerarem que as espécies atuais oferecem boa lucratividade. Houve amplo reconhecimento da importância dos defensivos alternativos, principalmente justificados pela segurança à saúde.
Gestão ambiental e a política pública de sustentabilidade do poder judiciário de Goiás
Authors: Goulart Lúcia Christina Rondon , Pietrafesa Pedro Araújo
Published: December 2019

Este artigo objetivou compreender e analisar o comportamento do Poder Judiciário do Estado de Goiás diante das questões ambientais, e como a política pública em prol da sustentabilidade tem sido implementada na Administração Pública, observando como essa política está interligada às diretrizes da Resolução n.º 201 do Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ). Neste contexto, insere-se a Educação Ambiental (EA), como fundamento de uma gestão ambiental eficiente, correlacionada a temas contemporâneos, que apontam para um ambiente sustentável. Procedeu-se, portanto, a uma análise qualitativa da eficiência e da eficácia da gestão ambiental no âmbito do Poder Judiciário de Goiás. Desse modo, para a consecução deste estudo, foram utilizadas a revisão de literatura e o estudo de caso, com ênfase no Tribunal de Justiça de Goiás (TJ/GO). Na fundamentação teórica, primou-se pelas abordagens gerenciais e estratégicas desenvolvidas pela Administração Pública, amparadas pelas ideias de sustentabilidade, EA e conscientização humana, tendo em vista a preservação dos recursos naturais e o incentivo a mudanças de hábitos e comportamentos, estimulando atitudes necessárias para a disseminação de uma cultura institucional sustentável mais reflexiva, visando à preservação ambiental justa e equilibrada para as gerações atuais e futuras. Ademais, foram analisados dados referentes ao consumo e às práticas sustentáveis do TJ/GO.
Análise quanti-qualitativa da arborização urbana de uma avenida em uma cidade da região Amazônica
Authors: Santos Rodrigo Alex Alves dos , Felsemburgh Cristina Aledi , Souza Andressa Jaqueline Viana de , Conceição Ana Kaira Canté da , Lira Ãdria Giselle dos Santos , Peleja Vanessa Leão
Published: December 2019

A vegetação em via pública caracteriza a identidade cultural e climática do local, oferecendo diversos benefícios, como conforto térmico ocasionado pela sombra, parede acústica devido à densidade no local e consequentemente o melhoramento da qualidade do ar, fatores que devem estar sempre presentes em um planejamento urbano. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho a realização de inventário quantitativo e qualitativo do patrimônio vegetativo da Avenida Mendonça Furtado. Na análise quantitativa foram quantificados o número total de indivíduos, densidade, frequência, dominância, diâmetro, altura total e comprimento de copa. Já na análise qualitativa foram avaliados a viabilidade das espécies, qualidade do fuste, fitossanidade, densidade de copa, superficialidade das raízes, presença de fiação elétrica e local de inserção dos indivíduos. No inventário foram verificados 776 indivíduos, pertencentes a 27 famílias, 45 gêneros e 50 espécies. A espécie Handroanthus serratifolius (ipê amarelo) obteve o número mais expressivo de representantes, seguido da espécie Ixora chinensis (ixora vermelha) e Mangifera indica (mangueira) que, juntas, representaram 53,35% da vegetação. De forma geral, a vegetação urbana da avenida apresentou um elevado nível de diversidade de espécies, porém mal distribuídas no local.
A educação como fundamento da percepção ambiental do poder público-judiciário do estado do Tocantins
Authors: Pereira Maria Leda Melo Lustosa , Oliveira Jadir Alves de , Oliveira Gustavo Paschoal Teixeira de Castro , Melo José Wilson Rodrigues de , Medina Patrícia
Published: December 2019

Trata-se de revisão sistemática da literatura, com objetivo de verificar o posicionamento do poder público-judiciário sobre as ações e diretrizes que valorizam e desenvolvem a percepção ambiental deste setor, bem como da sociedade em geral, o que justifica a importância do posicionamento e tomada de decisões perante as interpretações e gargalos que a legislação oferece. O papel da Educação (Ambiental) reforça o alicerce dos níveis de conscientização sendo fundamental para a evolução das práticas destes conceitos. O poder público-judiciário do estado do Tocantins, portanto, configura-se nas premissas levantadas demonstrando alinhamento e perfil de envolvimento com esta conscientização socioambiental. Com isto foi analisado o Relatório de Desempenho do Plano de Logística Sustentável do Poder Judiciário do Tocantins, ano-base 2017, das quais foram analisadas três metas em específico: 1. Reduzir em 2% o consumo de copos descartáveis (água e café) no ano de 2017; 2. Reduzir em 10% os gastos com aquisição de papel em 2016/2017, e, 3. Capacitação socioambiental, sensibilização e comunicação para sustentabilidade. Ainda, foram consultados trabalhos publicados como artigos científicos, dissertações, teses e documentos técnico-científicos para realizar a pesquisa qualitativa sobre a temática abordada. O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar a importância do conhecimento acerca da interação entre percepção e educação ambiental considerando o posicionamento do poder público-judiciário. A discussão dos resultados se deu por meio da análise crítica dos autores fundamentada nos dados reportados na literatura.
La Escala Observacional de Memoria Operativa (EOMO) como instrumento eficaz en la prevención y detección de dificultades de aprendizaje
Authors: Gutiérrez Sánchez Marta , Vidal Valenzuela Sergio
Published: January 2020

El presente trabajo pretende proponer una optimización de los procesos de prevención y detección de dificultades de aprendizaje en el contexto educativo, mediante el estudio de la relación que la Escala Observacional de Memoria Operativa (EOMO) muestra con medidas de la eficacia lectora, comprensión lectora, rendimiento matemático y rendimiento académico. Para ello se estudió una muestra incidental de 636 alumnos de educación primaria, pertenecientes a centros educativos de la comarca de Cartagena. Los datos mostraron relaciones significativas de la EOMO con las diferentes variables medidas, y en el sentido esperado. Los datos permitieron concluir que el EOMO puede ser una herramienta de filtrado o screening que delimite claramente la muestra de alumnos que ha de ser valorada con mayor detalle, a fin de prevenir o detectar dificultades de aprendizaje.

The present study aims to improve the effectiveness of the process of preventing and detecting learning disabilities by studying the relationship between the Observational Scale of Working Memory (EOMO) and effective reading, reading comprehension, mathematical achievement, and academic achievement. The incidental sample consisted of 636 students from Primary Education, belonging to different schools in Cartagena. As expected, the results showed signi-ficant relationships between EOMO and all the variables measured. These findings showed that EOMO can be used as a screening tool to limit the sample of students that should be assessed in detail so as to prevent and detect learning disabilities.
Evaluación continua en la enseñanza universitaria de la contabilidad
Authors: Ortiz Martínez Esther , Santos Jaén José Manuel , Marín Hernández Salvador
Published: January 2020

En España el uso de la evaluación continua en las notas universitarias es consecuencia de nuestra adaptación al EEES. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar si la evaluación continua contribuye a un mejor aprendizaje del alumno universitario a través del aumento de las garantías de éxito en el examen final, y si el número de pruebas intermedias que se realizan y su formato afecta a este aprendizaje. Para ello se ha confeccionado una base de datos con 1670 notas de distintas asignaturas universitarias de Contabilidad Financiera durante los últimos tres cursos académicos. Para su tratamiento estadístico se ha realizado, en primer lugar, un estudio de medias, tablas de contingencia y chi-cuadrado; para concluir en una segunda fase con un análisis de regresiones. Los resultados obtenidos permiten confirmar trabajos previos y aceptar las hipótesis de partida de que efectivamente la evaluación continua afecta de forma positiva a la nota del examen final, es decir, se constituye como un proceso de aprendizaje. Asimismo, también el tipo de prueba parcial influye en esta nota, sobre todo, cuando se trata de un formato que pretende entrenar el alumno para este examen final; mientras que, en cambio, el número de pruebas de evaluación continua realizadas no influye sobre este proceso de aprendizaje de la contabilidad financiera.

Continuous assessment has been used in Spanish universities after the implementation of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA), and so it is important to study its effects on students’ acquisition of knowledge. The goal of this paper is to analyse whether continuous assessment shows a positive effect university students’ learning, which is reflected in final exam scores. It also sets out to prove whether the number of mid-point tests and their different formats affects the students’ learning process. We have analysed a sample of 1670 scores from different subjects of Financial Accounting for the last three academic years. The results allow us to confirm our initial hypothesis that continuous assessment positively affects final exam scores, and so it has a positive impact on the learning process. The type of tests taken as part of the students’ continuous assessment likewise affects their learning process; however, it is important that mid-point tests are designed carefully. Even though previous studies on the matter have pointed towards the benefits of switching the format of mid-point tests every year, their design can still determine the students’ final exam scores.
Trabajo en grupo en un entorno virtual
Authors: Belso Lorda
Published: January 2020

En una sociedad cada vez más compleja y competitiva, es esencial una producción eficaz que garantice un resultado de calidad, es decir, que evite errores, omisiones, incoherencias, conflictos, o desaprovechamiento de recursos, entre otros. Para ello, es fundamental llevar a cabo un proceso previo de análisis, diseño y planificación del producto o servicio que se va a desarrollar.
Chris Mills
Authors: Córcoles César
Published: January 2020

Chris Mills tenía algo en mente: quería contribuir a hacer que la web fuera un lugar mejor, ya sea enseñando a los demás cómo colaborar y tener más respeto mutuo o enseñándoles cómo hacer que sus sitios web funcionen en todas las plataformas y dispositivos, y sean accesibles para personas discapacitadas.
Chris Mills (english version)
Authors: Córcoles César
Published: January 2020

Chris Mills had something in mind: he wanted to contribute to making the web a better place, something that has to do with education, either teaching people how to make their web sites work across platforms and devices and make them accessible for people with disabilities. He has decided to invest his time and energy in something that helps to improve web standards uptake from now on.
MAC 2010
Authors: Báscones Pere
Published: January 2020

Hace unos días tuvo lugar en Granollers la onceava edición del Mercado Audiovisual de Cataluña (MAC 2010), un evento destinado al mundo profesional del audiovisual. Aquí se entregan los premios Audiovisual MAC, creados para incentivar la producción y la innovación en el campo del audiovisual catalán.
Tutorial de Illustrator CS4
Authors: Beneito Montagut Roser , Azparren Arteaga Ana
Published: January 2020

Illustrator es un programa que ofrece un área de trabajo y una interfaz de usuario muy eficaces para crear y editar ilustraciones y animaciones. Estas ilustraciones podrán ser utilizadas en distintos medios, como impresión, web y dispositivos móviles. Illustrator utiliza gráficos vectoriales que pueden ser reproducidos a cualquier escala sin perder calidad.
Innovation und Relevanz im Deutschunterricht
Authors: Pietzuch Anja
Published: January 2020

Dieser Text erläutert kurz Hintergrund und Vorgehensweise des Nordplus-Horizontal-Projektes "Nachhaltige Ausbildung von Deutschlehrern - die Notwendigkeit, Ideen auszutauschen und Innovation im Deutschunterricht in Dänemark, Estland und Norwegen zu schaffen", im Rahmen dessen die dreizehn Unterrichtsentwürfe entstanden sind, die den Kern dieser Publikation bilden.
Reisen
Authors: Højte Pernille , Høyer Lise
Published: January 2020

Dieses Unterrichtsmodell beschäftigt sich damit, wie Reiseangebote für die Region, in der die Schüler leben, interessanter und für Jugendliche attraktiver weden können. Es soll eine Werbekampagne entwickelt werden, die sich an junge Leute aus Deutschland richtet.
Das gute Leben - Was ist das?
Authors: Theodorsen Cathrine , Birnbickel Jutta
Published: January 2020

Das Unterrichtsmodell gibt den Schülern kreative Freiheit, um sich auf Deutsch mit dem Thema "Das gute Leben" auseinanderzusetzen. Viele kreative Produkte sind als Ergebnis möglich, wie z.B. Comics, Kurzfilme, Texte oder Zeichnungen.
Werbung: Wie gemacht für den innovativen Deutschunterricht!
Authors: Vaske Andrea , Rolka Sabine
Published: January 2020

Dieser einleitende Text erläutert, warum Werbung ein perfektes Thema ist, um innovativen Deutschunterricht durchzuführen, und inwiefern hierbei Möglichkeiten für fächerübergreifendes Arbeiten entstehen.
Werbung auf Deutsch für Gründerideen norwegischer Schüler
Authors: Rolka Sabine
Published: January 2020

Dieses Unterrichtsmodell führt Schüler praktisch an das Thema "Werbung" heran. Sie sollen am Ende Produkte, die von den Gründerklassen an ihrer Schule entwickelt wurden, durch kurze Reklamefilme für ein deutschsprachiges Zielpublikum zu bewerben.
Uncertainties in the Algorithmic Image, xCoAx Special Issue 2019
Authors: Lee Rosemary
Published: December 2019

The incorporation of algorithmic procedures into the automation of image production has been gradual, but has reached critical mass over the past century, especially with the advent of photography, the introduction of digital computers and the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). Due to the increasingly significant influence algorithmic processes have on visual media, there has been an expansion of the possibilities as to how images may behave, and a consequent struggle to define them. This algorithmic turnhighlights inner tensions within existing notions of the image, namely raising questions regarding the autonomy of machines, author- and viewer- ship, and the veracity of representations. In this sense, algorithmic images hover uncertainly between human and machine as producers and interpreters of visual information, between representational and non-representational, and between visible surface and the processes behind it. This paper gives an introduction to fundamental internal discrepancies which arise within algorithmically produced images, examined through a selection of relevant artistic examples. Focusing on the theme of uncertainty, this investigation considers how algorithmic images contain aspects which conflict with the certitude of computation, and how this contributes to a difficulty in defining images.
The Zombification of Art History
Authors: Hassine Tsila , Neeman Ziv
Published: December 2019

In the past few years deep-learning AI neural networks have achieved major milestones in artistic image analysis and generation, producing what some refer to as ‘art.’ We reflect critically on some of the artistic shortcomings of a few projects that occupied the spotlight in recent years. We introduce the term ‘Zombie Art’ to describe the generation of new images of dead masters, as well as ‘The AI Reproducibility Test.’ We designate the problems inherent in AI and in its application to art history. In conclusion, we propose new directions for both AI-generated art and art history, in the light of these new powerful AI technologies of artistic image analysis and generation.
Computational Visualization for Critical Thinking
Authors: Griffiths Catherine
Published: December 2019

This paper looks back at historical precedents for how computational systems and ideas have been visualized as a means of access to and engagement with a broader audience, and to develop a new more tangible language to address abstraction. These precedents share a subversive ground in using a visual language to provoke new ways of engaging with about complex ideas. Two new approaches to visualizing algorithmic systems are proposed for the emerging context of algorithmic ethics in society, looking at prototypical algorithms in computer vision and machine learning systems, to think through the meaning created by algorithmic structure and process. The aim is to use visual design to provoke new kinds of thinking and criticality that can offer opportunities to address algorithms in their increasingly more politicized role today. These new approaches are developed from an arts research perspective to support critical thinking and arts knowledge through creative coding and interactive design.
CITAR Journal - xCoAx Special Issue 2019 Editorial
Authors: Rangel André , Carvalhais Miguel , Ribas Luisa , Verdicchio Mario
Published: December 2019

xCoAx Special Issue Editorial 2019.
Entrepreneurial Tenacity and Self-Efficacy Effects on Persisting Across Industry Contexts
Authors: Van Scotter James Robert , Garg Swapnil
Published: January 2020

This study examines trait and context antecedents of entrepreneurial persistence in new venture creation. Two personality traits, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and tenacity, differently impact subsequent entrepreneurial persistence behavior in different industry contexts. These relationships are tested using logistic regression in a sample of entrepreneurs from the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics (PSED-II; Curtin & Reynolds, 2018). In developing the PSED-II dataset, 31,845 individuals were screened using phone interviews in order to identify a sample of 1,214 nascent entrepreneurs. Results of the current study identify significant relationships between entrepreneurial persistence in efforts to launch a new business and entrepreneurial self-efficacy and tenacity. However, the relationships have diminishing returns and vary with the industry context of the business (manufacturing, retail, services). In the retail industry sector, neither trait was significant; however, in manufacturing industry contexts, tenacity seems to matter more for continuing to pursue new ventures than self-efficacy, while in services industries, self-efficacy seems to matter more than tenacity.
Antimicrobial Activity of Alcoholic Extracts of Medicinal Plants against Phytopathogenic Fungi
Authors: Silva Clenilda Tolentino Bento da , Nakasone Alessandra Keiko , Lemos Walkymário de Paulo , Lameira Osmar Alves , Oliveira Luana Cardoso de
Published: January 2020

Aims: This work aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of 14 alcoholic extracts of medicinal plants on the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae, Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani. Those are fungi that cause diseases in Passiflora edulis.

Study Design: With the obtained data the mycelial growth rate index (MGRI) was calculated, afterwards the analysis of variance was performed and the means were compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability.

Place and Duration of Study: Plant Pathology Laboratory, Embrapa Eastern Amazon, Belém, Pará, Brazil, between May 2014 and April 2015.

Methodology: The extracts were prepared with 1.0 g of powdered plant material and 10 mL of commercial ethyl alcohol 92.8º (0.1 g mL-1) under constant agitation in an orbital shaker at 200 rpm for 20 minutes. They were then kept in the refrigerator for 24 hours at rest. The extracts were centrifuged and filtered on Millipore membranes with 0.22 µm porosity. The tests with the phytopathogenic fungi were carried out in vitro with the alcoholic extracts at 1% concentration. The experimental design was completely randomized with 15 treatments and 5 replicates.

Results: All the extracts reduced the growth of the fungi C. gloeosporioides. The extracts the Eucalyptus angulosa, Lippia alba, Zingiber officinale, Cymbopagon citratus, Azadirachta indica, Plectranthus barbathus, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Aloe vera, Pedilanthus tithymaloides, Mansoa alliacea and Chenopodium ambrosioides reduced the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae. Only the extract of E. angulosa presented reduction in the growth of F. solani. Meanwhile the extracts of E. angulosa, Z. officinale, L. alba, M. alliacea and P. barbathus reduced the mycelial growth of R. solani.

Conclusion: All extracts presented antimicrobial potential, being that the extract of E. angulosa reduced the mycelial growth of all the evaluated fungi.
Teacher Preparation for Teaching Pronunciation
Authors: Brinton Donna M.
Published: December 2019

Pronunciation has been referred to as the orphan of second/foreign language teaching. Until recently, classroom‐oriented research informing practitioners about effective methods of pronunciation teaching has been lacking and teachers have often been faced with conflicting information about how best to address this skill. Additionally, current methods of language teaching have tended to de‐emphasize the importance of pronunciation. However, of late, there has been increased recognition in the field of TESOL of the need for pronunciation training. This recognition, coupled with the appearance of classroom texts with increased attention to this skill, and resource books that inform teachers of effective ways to address pronunciation, gives rise to optimism about the future of pronunciation teaching. Although complete consensus is lacking as to what constitutes the most effective curriculum for practical phonetics or pronunciation pedagogy classes, useful guidelines can be gleaned from the growing amount of literature in the field on this topic.
Knowledge Construction in Concept‐Based Language Instruction
Authors: Mansouri Behzad , Mantero Miguel
Published: December 2019

Learning and teaching a second language (L2) via conceptual processes can have promising outcomes for L2 knowledge construction and internalization. Inspired by sociocultural theory, concept‐based instruction provides ample opportunities for L2 teachers and learners to make use of their L2 via a set of mediated activities. This entry overviews the underlying foundations of concept‐based instruction by providing both theoretical and empirical support for it. Additionally, it argues how concept‐based instruction could be differentiated from other similar instructional approaches in learning and teaching L2. Finally, it explores the pedagogical implications of implementing concept‐based instruction in designing L2 curriculum, its contribution to L2 teacher education program and applying it to assess the developed L2 knowledge.
In‐Band Full‐Duplex Transmission
Authors: Choi Jaeyoung , Kim Dongkyu , Hong Daesik
Published: December 2019

In‐band full‐duplex (IBFD) operation, a node simultaneously transmits and receives data using a single channel, is an approach that offers great potential to improve spectral efficiency. One of the major difficulties in implementing IBFD systems is self‐interference (SI), which is produced when its own transmitted signal affects the received signal. This article first reviews the basic concepts of IBFD transmission and SI cancellation (SIC) schemes. With the aid of recent progress in SIC, it is shown the SI between the transmitter and receiver on a common channel can be reduced to the noise level, which makes data decoding feasible in IBFD transmission. Accordingly, the effects of IBFD transmission on system performance in various networks are discussed. Furthermore, this chapter also provides the research challenges and opportunities associated with the design and analysis of IBFD systems. Finally, we conclude this chapter by addressing the advantages of IBFD transmission when exploited for different purposes such as non‐orthogonal multiple access, cognitive radios, network secrecy, and wireless power transfer.
Nonlinear Effects of Wireless Transceivers
Authors: Eriksson Thomas , Cao Wenhui , Fager Christian
Published: December 2019

All communication transceivers suffer from nonlinearities in the analog components, such as amplifiers, mixers, ADCs/DACs, etc. Such nonlinearities lead to distortion of the communication signals, and may lead to the transceiver interfering with victims operating at neighbor frequencies.

The effects of nonlinearities have been a focus area since the start of digital mobile communication, and particularly the power amplifier in the transmitter has received much of attention. However, with 5G there are a few features that lead to a change in how nonlinearities are affecting the system. The usage of large antenna arrays, the introduction of millimeter‐wave frequencies, and the large signal bandwidths all lead to new effects due to nonlinearities – some beneficial, some problematic.

In this article, we present a comprehensive overview of the underlying reasons for nonlinearity and how to model them. We study the effects of nonlinearity in several scenarios, including single‐ and multi‐antenna transceivers, phased array and hybrid digital/analog beamforming, single‐ and multi‐carrier signaling, and concurrent multi‐band signaling, and we briefly discuss compensation of the effects.
Security for Vertical Industries
Authors: Monshizadeh Mehrnoosh , Khatri Vikramajeet , Adam Iris
Published: December 2019

Having a changing ecosystem in 5G requires coordinating and adapting new security capabilities for Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs) that can cover several verticals, their new business models, and mode of operation. In such an ecosystem, cloud service providers should offer corresponding security services to MNVOs, regarding the deployment, layer, and configuration of security functions. Furthermore, 5G network slicing requires automated security and orchestration functionality, especially in complex network environments comprising multiple providers and multiple tenants. MNVOs must not only define security‐related Service Level Agreements (SLAs) for new business models but also offer automated security management capabilities to tenants like verticals. To utilize such benefits and toward a secure and flexible 5G architecture, this article investigates MVNOs' security challenges and mitigation mechanisms for cloud layers as well cloud deployments. In addition, in this article the challenges for MVNOs to correlate security events in 5G scenarios are analyzed and a framework for automated security event management is proposed to offer security monitoring and correlation capabilities to mobile network operators, infrastructure service providers, and tenants like verticals.
Security Monitoring and Management in 5G
Authors: de Oca Edgardo Montes
Published: December 2019

Monitoring is an essential functionality that is required to provide the awareness and automation necessary to manage both performance and security of fixed and mobile networks. The advent of 5G introduces new concepts that both facilitate the monitoring and security management but have also introduced new vulnerabilities and challenges that need to be addressed. This section presents the different requirements, vulnerabilities, and concepts related to security monitoring and management. It introduces some of the solutions that are being developed and tested to obtain efficient security in 5G networks. It introduces the different network security monitoring techniques, software‐defined security and network slicing, cognitive network security management, liability management, and techniques to obtain efficient security. It also introduces recent trends that profit from 5G network programmability to optimize the security monitoring and management.
D2Din Vehicular Networks
Authors: Lien Shao‐Yu , Tsai Hua‐Lung
Published: December 2019

Different from the conventional transportation paradigm in which human drivers play an inevitable role in individual driving machines, a new paradigm shift and technological revolution have been launched in the vehicular society toward electrified, unmanned, and configurable intelligent transportation systems (ITS). To align with this target, 3GPP has revealed the service requirements of advanced vehicle‐to‐everything (V2X) use cases in June 2018, which are classified into four categories of advanced driving, cooperative platooning, remote driving, and extended sensors. To sustain these manifold use cases, the service requirements of advanced V2X include low latency, high reliability, high throughput, high connection density, and high mobility. To achieve these unprecedented wireless‐service demands, in addition to downlink and uplink transmissions to exchange data between a vehicle and a base station, sidelink transmissions to directly exchange data between two or multiple vehicles without signal relay via a base station have emerged as a crucial feature in advanced V2X. In 3GPP, sidelink transmissions have initially been introduced to device‐to‐device (D2D) proximity services for the particular use case of public safety in Releases 12 and 13. Since Release 14, this feature has been applied to V2X for Long‐Term Evolution Advanced (LTE‐A) and is retained in Release 16 for New Radio (NR) V2X. In this article, knowledge and technical evolution of sidelink transmissions in V2X are provided. The focus is particularly on the use cases of D2D in V2X and technical development of Layer 1 and 2 sidelink transmissions from Release 12 to Release 16.
Asynchronous adaptive output feedback sliding mode control for Takagi‐Sugeno fuzzy Markovian jump systems with actuator faults
Authors: Li Min , Liu Ming , Zhang Yingchun , Chen Xueqin
Published: December 2019

In this article, the problem of asynchronous adaptive dynamic output feedback sliding mode control (SMC) for a class of Takagi‐Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy Markovian jump systems (MJSs) with actuator faults is investigated. The asynchronous dynamic output feedback control strategy is employed, as the nonsynchronization phenomenon of jump modes exists between the plant and the controller. A novel asynchronous adaptive SMC approach is proposed to solve the synthesis problem for T‐S fuzzy MJSs with actuator faults. Sufficient conditions for stochastic asymptotic stability of T‐S fuzzy MJSs are given. Under the designed asynchronous adaptive SMC scheme, the effects of actuator faults and external disturbance can be completely compensated and the reachability of sliding surface is ensured. Finally, an example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design techniques.
Fragmented and isolated: limited gene flow coupled with weak isolation by environment in the paleoendemic giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum)
Authors: DeSilva Rainbow , Dodd Richard S.
Published: December 2019

Premise

Patterns of genetic structure across a species’ range reflect the long‐term interplay between genetic drift, gene flow, and selection. Given the importance of gene flow in preventing the loss of diversity through genetic drift among spatially isolated populations, understanding the dynamics of gene flow and the factors that influence connectivity across a species’ range is a major goal for conservation of genetic diversity. Here we present a detailed look at gene flow dynamics of Sequoiadendron giganteum, a paleoendemic tree species that will likely face numerous threats due to climate change.

Methods

We used microsatellite markers to examine nineteen populations of S. giganteum for patterns of genetic structure and to estimate admixture and rates of gene flow between eight population pairs. Also, we used Generalized Dissimilarity Models to elucidate landscape factors that shape genetic differentiation among populations.

Results

We found minimal gene flow between adjacent groves in the northern disjunct range. In most of the southern portion of the range, groves showed a signal of connectivity which degrades to isolation in the extreme south. Geographic distance was the most important predictor of genetic dissimilarity across the range, with environmental conditions related to precipitation and temperature explaining a small, but significant, portion of the genetic variance.

Conclusions

Due to their isolation and unique genetic composition, northern populations of S. giganteum should be considered a high conservation priority. In this region, we suggest germplasm conservation as well as restoration planting to enhance genetic diversity.