bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Flem Snopes and His Kin”
Authors: Benét Stephen Vincent
Published: September 2017

This chapter reviews William Faulkner's novel The Hamlet, the story of the fictional Snopes family and their gradual sucking dry of Frenchman's Bend. Used to a tradition of violence, even to Frenchman's Bend Flem Snopes and his breed were a surprise and a portent. In the Snopes family, Faulkner has created what is probably “the finest sub-human species in contemporary American literature.” The text claims that reading The Hamlet is like “listening to the gossip of a country store, with its cruelty, its extravagance, its tall stories, and its deadly comment upon human nature—but a gossip translated, heightened, and made into art”.
“A Man of the South”
Authors: Wright Richard
Published: September 2017

This chapter focuses on William Faulkner's “power to transpose the American scene as it exists in the southern states, filter it through his sensibilities and finally define it with words.” It notes how Americans living abroad were at first ashamed of Faulkner, but eventually came to realize his greatness. Faulkner's achievement is all the more remarkable in that he is a southern white man. and the main burden of his work is moral confusion and social decay, themes that he presents in terms of stories of violence enacted by fantastic characters. This chapter suggests that Faulkner, in showing the degradation of the South, affirmed its essential humanity for America and for the world.
“William Faulkner: The Novel as Form”
Authors: Aiken Conrad
Published: September 2017

This chapter focuses on what it calls William Faulkner's genius for form and his continued exploration of its possibilities, as against the unusual concern with his violence and dreadfulness of his themes. It discusses Faulkner's uncompromising and almost hypnotic zeal with which he insists upon having a style, which is evident in novels such as Absalom, Absalom!, The Wild Palms, and The Sound and the Fury. It argues that Faulkner's style, though often brilliant and always interesting, is all too frequently downright bad. It also comments on Faulkner's passion for overelaborate sentence structure and concludes that despite the bad habits and the willful bad writing, Faulkner's style as a whole is extraordinarily effective.
“Faulkner at Stockholm”
Authors: Macleish Archibald
Published: September 2017

This chapter focuses on William Faulkner's acceptance of the Nobel Prize in Stockholm and how he used that moment to speak to younger writers throughout the world, taking the writer's responsibility as the text of his sermon. In his speech, Faulkner began with a definition of the subject—a categorical definition. According to Faulkner, there is only one thing worth writing about: “the problems of the human heart in conflict with itself.” He went on to relate that election of subject to the tragedy of the time in which he–and each of us also—lives: the tragedy of “a general and universal physical fear so long sustained by now that we can even bear it.” Faulkner spoke at Stockholm not only with eloquence, but with an authority which the men of ten years ago did not begin to possess.
“William Faulkner: An Impression”
Authors: Ransom John Crowe
Published: September 2017

In this chapter, John Crowe Ransom offers an impression of William Faulkner's achievement, an impression that he says has not changed much during the years that followed his reading of The Sound and the Fury, As I Lay Dying, and Light in August. According to Ransom, these three early novels are proof of the narrative power and the detailed poetry of Faulkner's creations. He argues that Faulkner's books are unequal, and that the style is less than consistently sustained. Faulkner is therefore not Ben Jonson, he is not even William Shakespeare; he is John Webster. The chapter concludes with the opinion that there are imperfections in Faulkner's work, but that his perfections are wonderful, well sustained, and without exact precedent anywhere.
“That Time and That Wilderness”
Authors: Pritchett V. S.
Published: September 2017

This chapter argues that William Faulkner, who died in 1962, was the only substantial American novelist since Henry James, the last to have a historical sense of the American environment, “that time and that wilderness.” It considers Faulkner to be as American as Huck Finn and Paul Bunyan, though his relationship with the American literature of his generation is modified by the kind of difference that separates the Anglo-Irish from the English. It asks whether there are no American novels, but only American romances. It suggests that Faulkner is unique in sticking to the bypassed town where he found himself and in mixing the realities of the South. Finally, it discusses the humanism in Faulkner's writing, his concern with initiation into the knowledge of good and evil, and his mastery of that kind of American humor that becomes funnier and faster the more it digresses.
“Faulkner”
Authors: Passos John Dos
Published: September 2017

This chapter is an obituary of William Faulkner. The text claims that Faulkner's storytelling appeals so much because of the sense of nostalgia derived from it. Faulkner usually did not explain who the people were he was telling about in his fiction. Characters in situations scary or mirthful would take shape. A scene would light up as if you were there watching. According to the chapter, Faulkner was noteworthy for his attention to detail, the accurate observations he built in his narrative out of the raw material of his inventions. It argues that Faulkner's unendingly cordial study of the struggle between the bloods of various races under one man's hide is truthtelling of the highest order. Finally, the chapter contends that Faulkner's rhetoric goes back to the Roman oratory of the Old South.
“The Influence of William Faulkner”
Authors: Garrett George
Published: September 2017

This chapter discusses the influence of William Faulkner on young writers, arguing that no contemporary writer can ignore his work. It contends that it is especially difficult to be a “southern” writer, that is, a writer born and raised in the South, at home with its traditions and history, and to follow in time after Faulkner. One of the most exciting discoveries about Faulkner for the young southern writer is his use of the material of southern life and history. Southern writers are very much aware that Faulkner did not invent his material. It was there to be mined and explored. The close student and the scholar of southern literature become increasingly aware of how much of that basic material was already a part of the literary tradition of the South before Faulkner appeared on the scene. The essay also considers the extent of the influence of the film on Faulkner's fiction.
“William Faulkner”
Authors: Morris Wright
Published: September 2017

This chapter comments on William Faulkner's use of grotesque humor and comical violence in his fiction. It begins with the novel The Sound and the Fury, in which Faulkner employs the stream of consciousness as a narrative technique, followed by a discussion of the short story “Spotted Horses” and its “exuberant redundancy of words in their extravagant application to capture a bizarre, outrageous hallucination.” It also considers the novel Light in August, in which the character Lena Grove makes her way like a sleepwalker through a gothic crackling of passions, radiant in a cloak of impenetrable sentiment. Here Faulkner's accumulating rage is kept in bounds—within the scope of the rhetoric—by his humor. The chapter also reviews the short stories “Red Leaves” and “A Rose for Emily”.
“Reading Faulkner from a Writer’s Point of View”
Authors: Oe Kenzaburo
Published: September 2017

In this chapter, the author offers a reading of William Faulkner from his point of view of as a writer. He begins by discussing one of Faulkner's unique narrative techniques, “reticence,” and explaining that when he reads Faulkner's novels, he always puts the translations beside the originals, whenever they are available. He claims that he experiences Faulkner through a triangular circuit for the transmission of verbal symbols—Faulkner; the translator, who is a specialist; and himself, a reader of the words of the other two. He also reflects on his response to Faulkner's attitude toward writing novels and to his way of activating the imagination. Finally, he considers Faulkner's way of manipulating his male and female characters by focusing on his novels The Hamlet, The Mansion, The Wild Palms, and Absalom, Absalom!.
“History, Rooted in the Present”
Authors: Fuentes Carlos
Published: September 2017

In this chapter, the author reflects on how history, in William Faulkner's novels, is rooted in the present, “where we can all come together in remembrance and desire.” The author recalls the dinner he attended some years ago at William Styron's house on Martha's Vineyard in honor of President Bill Clinton. He and the Colombian novelist Gabriel García Márquez were guests. When Clinton asked each one of them what their favorite novel was, the author mentioned Faulkner's Absalom, Absalom!. Clinton went on to narrate his visit to Faulkner's house in Oxford while he was a teen and quoted a couple of passages from The Sound and the Fury. The author concludes by quoting Faulkner: “The present, you know, began 10,000 years ago, but the past began one minute ago”.
“On Coming Late to Faulkner”
Authors: Powell Padgett
Published: September 2017

In this chapter, the author talks about coming late to William Faulkner. He begins by saying that “if you discover the Old Man late: you have heard of him if you have heard of William Shakespeare, if you have heard of the Civil War, and your apprehension of him will be constituted of a vague kind of hybrid of those entities grown out of more or less local soil...” According to the author, if you come to Faulkner late you may escape finding yourself enthralled, intoxicate, intestate. He recalls the time his English teacher gave him a copy of Absalom, Absalom! and says he was not the same boy when he finished reading the novel.
“Absalom, Absalom!”
Authors: West Paul
Published: September 2017

This chapter talks about Absalom, Absalom!. It begins by saying that “William Faulkner's vicarious heroic would have taken him to reunions of the American pilots who formed the Eagle Squadron of the Royal Air Force...His true heroics, visible and audible on every page, depend on fecundity, on the constant chance of saying something original by way of oratory.” It argues that Absalom, Absalom! is a visionary novel, a model of the impenitently pensive work of art. In conclusion, it notes that there is one big thing about Faulkner: he reminds you that, “when the deep purple blooms, you are looking not at a posy but at a dimension”.
“The Book That Changed My Life”
Authors: Mcdermott Alice
Published: September 2017

This chapter presents an interview with Alice McDermott, who talks about the book that changed her life: Absalom, Absalom!. McDermott first narrates how she discovered Absalom, Absalom! and her initial reaction to William Faulkner's storytelling. She says the Faulkner novel reinforced for her the importance of the storyteller and the impulse to tell a story. She goes on to discuss the influence of Faulkner's approach to his work, or his beliefs about literature, on her own writing life. McDermott shares that she writes with no literary theory in mind: all she has is a guess about what the story requires. While she would love to write a chronological narrative, the stories she has told thus far “have demanded something else of me”.
The Battle Over Racial Identity in Popular and Legal Cultures, 1810–1860
Authors: Middleton Stephen
Published: September 2017

This chapter challenges the view of legal historians that the “one-drop rule” did not exist before the early twentieth century. It argues that the one-drop rule was enforced in white culture and entered the opinions of local judges during the early nineteenth century. Middleton shows that trial courts and circuit courts, while they are not the final authority on the law, frequently used one-drop language in racial identity cases. He also provides evidence illustrating that these judges frequently told juries that if a mixed race person had any black blood whatsoever, they should be looked upon as black.
Emancipation from Whiteness
Authors: Roediger David R.
Published: September 2017

The analysis offered here stresses that whites were able to imagine freedom and move toward it because they did to some extent join suffering humanity. They could no longer take for granted the ideological connections of whiteness with independence and with ability that had been so hard-wired into the fabric of antebellum nationalism. My goal is to keep the inspiration of emancipation at play together with the war’s role in destroying white bodies and illusions as this article accounts for what I have also elsewhere called the brief period of “emancipation from whiteness” after the Civil War. I further show that inspiration and disillusion were present at the same time. Both led to intensified capacities to imagine and to pursue new freedom dreams among whites.
The Poetics and Power of Presentation at the Smithsonian Folklife Festival
Authors: Hunt Marjorie
Published: September 2017

In this chapter, the author draws upon three programs to describe the critical relationship between modes of presentation and interpretation of cultural heritage and traditional knowledge and skills at the Smithsonian Folklife Festival. It addresses the complex interplay of many factors and strategies for presenting the skills and experience of participants at the Festival. This includes, among other processes of research and planning, the selection of participants, overall site design, visual presentation and display, the physical set-up of tent interiors, the use of interpretive materials, such as signs, photo murals, banners, and props, and the role of presenters/moderators. The programs described include Masters of the Building Arts, Carriers of Culture: Living Native Basket Traditions, and One World, Many Voices: Endangered Languages and Cultural Heritage.
Agency, Reciprocal Engagement, and Applied Folklore Practice: Beyond the Smithsonian Folklife Festival
Authors: N’Diaye Diana Baird
Published: September 2017

This chapter focuses on the participatory research projects African Immigrant Folklife and Will to Adorn: African American Style, Community, Identity, which provided fieldwork training that has yielded documentation for the planning of Smithsonian Folklife Festivals and other projects. The author reflects on the applied aspects of public folklore, describing a curatorial approach that prioritizes commitment to community self-determination and building reciprocal research-learning relationships between Smithsonian staff and community-based cultural researchers.
Narrative Leaps to Universal Appeal in McKay’s Banjo and Faulkner’s AFable
Authors: Dye Dotty , Watson Jay
Published: September 2017

This chapter explores connections between Claude McKay and William Faulkner by considering the way each writer negotiates aesthetics and politics in his fiction. Focusing on fictional texts set in France, it engages with critical conversations about the extent to which travel, negotiation of identity and the idea of “home,” may have impacted each writer’s work. The textual and aesthetic interaction between the particular and the universal in each writer’s work informs, in intersecting ways, their approaches to race, gender, class and nationalism and this chapter explores this vast range of intersections by focusing on the mapping of race and home that operate within the texts.
“The President Has Asked Me”: Faulkner, Ellison, and Public Intellectualism
Authors: Fruscione Joseph , Watson Jay
Published: September 2017

This chapter discusses how Ralph Ellison actively dealt with Faulkner’s influence on his work and public image. Ellison valued Faulkner both as a racially attuned novelist and as a publicly active critic refining his intellect throughout the civil rights era. Ellison’s connection with Faulkner was partly direct, partly indirect: there was shared correspondence, at least two brief meetings, and a lot of reading and writing on Ellison’s part. The chapter examines two related threads: (1) the authors’ exchange of letters in 1956–57 about the White House’s People-to-People Program; (2) Ellison’s interest in Faulkner as literary model and racial critic. Throughout his career as novelist, essayist, and educator, Ellison “had accepted the challenge of William Faulkner’s complex literary image of the South,” in Albert Murray’s words, as his writings and archival documents spanning forty-odd years indicate.
Chocolate Surrealism
Authors: Njoroge Njoroge
Published: September 2017

Chocolate Surrealism: Music, Movement, Memory and History is a (w)holistic historiography of the circum-Caribbean region. The book highlights connections among the production, performance, and reception of popular music at critical historical junctures in the late 19th and 20th centuries. The book moves through different sites and styles to place socio-musical movements into a larger historical framework: Calypso during the turbulent interwar period and the ensuing crises of capitalism; the Cuban rumba/son complex of the postwar era of American empire; jazz in the Bandung period and the rise of decolonization; and, lastly, Nuyorican Salsa coinciding with the period of the civil rights movement and the beginnings of black/brown power. The book thinks about the circum-Caribbean region as integrated culturally and conceptually while paying close attention to the fractures, fragmentations, and historical particularities that both unite and divide the region. At the same time, the book engages with a larger discussion of the Atlantic world. The project interrogates the interrelation between music, movement, memory, and history, a ‘contrapuntal’ analysis that treats the music of the African diaspora as both epistemological anchor and as a mode of expression and representation of both black identities and political cultures. Music and performance offer ways to re-theorize the politics of race, nationalism and musical practice, geopolitical conjunctures, as well as re-assess the historical development of the modern world system, through the examination of local, popular responses to the global age. In short, the book utilizes different styles, times, and politics to render a brief history of Black Atlantic sound.
Introduction1
Authors: Njoroge Njoroge
Published: September 2017

In those days it was either live with music or die with noise, and we chose rather desperately to live.

—Ralph Ellison

Black music has always been a tremendous source of information and inspiration for musicians, dancers, and music lovers. Listening to the music opens new worlds and windows onto the rich history of black music, society, and struggle in the circum-Caribbean, and provides a rich archive of the creative musical genius of the African diaspora. Music always expresses the interrelationships of movement, memory, and history, but this is preeminently true of the music of the African diaspora. This book uses music as both optic and focus, to examine and rethink both the modes of black cultural production and social formations in the African diaspora. The music has always been both an expression of “black” life and part of the philosophy that developed and emerged with that life, “as history and as art” (...
“Cuba Libre”
Authors: Njoroge Njoroge
Published: September 2017

This chapter explores musical and political evolution of Cuba in the early 20th century. Cuba provides an interesting condensation of the history of the Caribbean region where sugar and slavery were the dominating and defining features of society. Musical developments in Cuba demonstrate this history on a cultural plane, and by examining the music of the Rumba and the Son in the pre-revolutionary Cuban context and their confluence and cross-fertilization in the 20th century, we can glimpse dynamics of national and regional consciousness, ethnic and cultural identification, class formations and power, slave culture, experience and expression, the transitions of emancipation and urbanization, and the different rhythms of industrial production and modern labor-discipline. The Cuban counterpoint of the Rumba/Son complex reveals the complex interrelations between modes of production and musical formations and the polyrhythmic tensions of race, class, and nation.
Dedicated to the Struggle
Authors: Njoroge Njoroge
Published: September 2017

This chapter examines the transformations in Black creative music in the post-World War II period. This period is particularly rich politically and musically, and this chapter explores some of the conversations and connections between musical ideas and visions of liberation. The changing configurations of post-war geopolitics (symbolized by the Bandung Conference), the heightened tenor of the Civil Rights struggle in the US (particularly after the Brown vs. the Board of Education ruling), and the beginnings of the long politics of decolonization in the Caribbean and on the African continent conjoined to open up a critical, conceptual, and geographic space for the articulation of new political identities, as well as musical sensibilities. By focusing on a group of musicians including Max Roach, Art Blakey, Abbey Lincoln, Ahmed Abdul-Malik, Yusef Lateef, and Randy Weston, this chapter investigates some of the creative linkages and artistic ties that were formed and forged.
“Cosa Nuestra”
Authors: Njoroge Njoroge
Published: September 2017

This chapter explores the history of Salsa in New York City. In the late 1960’s Salsa became the vehicle for the cultural expressions of community, aesthetics, and identity for the Puerto Ricans, Nuyoricans, and other Latinos. Salsa was a musical celebration and valorization of Nuyorican identity and became the voice of the alienated and disenfranchised barrio youth in New York City and beyond. Though in the main, its practitioners heralded from the Puerto Rican diaspora: from its very inception “salsa” has been a pan-Caribbean creation. With the Cuban Revolution, the subsequent recording ban of 1961 and the embargo of 1962, New York City displaced Havana as the center of Latin music. After the brief but rich Boogaloo explosion of the mid-Sixties, salsa took over the airwaves and dance-floors. If Boogaloo can be seen as an anticipation of and response to the Civil Rights movement, salsa was “Black Power.”
NGARUAT CAI : SEBUAH PENGIKAT KEBERSAMAAN DI CIRATEUN
Authors: Mardotillah Mila , Soemarwoto Rini S.
Published: September 2017

Cultural society lasted for revival by community. The symbolic meaning of a behavior that is reflected in a culture understood for generations. Water is one of the essential human needs for survival. Society used a symbol of water maintained as an effort conservation with the knowledge limitation of society itself. Ngaruat cai is a Sundanese traditional ceremony with the intention of thanksgiving and reinforcement refused for its society. This activity was conducted in order to maintain and grateful for the water received by Cirateun’s community as a cultural heritage. There is symbolic meaning from that’s activity with expectation that the same water need can bind society to participate actively. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the meaning of ritual symbols and social changes in Sundanese. Methode of this paper is qualitative ethnography to describe the activity of Cirateun community to maintain Coblong’s river through Ngaruat Cai’s symbolic. Conclusion that the common perception in the symbolic ritual Ngaruat Cai can be a way to improve people's knowledge, people's needs not only maintain a water cleans but also how to keep clean water used and waste water must still be maintained and managed so as not to pollute other environment.
Survival and Evaluation of Clinical and Laboratory Variables as Prognostic Indicators in Horses Hospitilized with Acute Diarrhea: 342 Cases (1995-2015)
Authors: Kovač Milomir , Huskamp Bernhard , Scheidemann Wolfgang , Toth Joseph , Tambur Zoran
Published: September 2017

A retrospective study was performed on 342 horses with acute diarrhea (equine colitis). Clinical and laboratory data were obtained upon arrival at the equine hospital. The main focus of this study was to find the difference between the clinical and laboratory variables of surviving and deceased acute colitis horses before the beginning of medical treatment, with the aim to provide a better guideline for determining the prognosis of survival. According to this retrospective study the lethality rate of acute equine colitis was 41.93 %. The time interval from the onset of acute diarrhea to the horse being taken to the clinic was significantly longer in the case of horses which had not survived. The heart rate, hematocrit, blood pH, blood hydrogen carbonate concentration, base excess and HCT/TPP ratio were shown to be significantly related to the survival of horses with colitis. Thus, the hematocrit, appeared to be the most relevant predictor of the outcome of acute equine colitis. Body temperature, respiration rate, total plasma protein and white blood cell count, did not show any prognostic significance.
First Detection and Clinical Presentation of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (Pedv) in Serbia
Authors: Prodanov-Radulović Jasna , Petrović Tamaš , Lupulović Diana , Marčić Doroteja , Petrović Jelena , Grgić Živoslav , Lazić Sava
Published: September 2017

During 2015/2016, fecal and intestinal samples from live diseased and/or dead pigs with suspected PEDV and/or TGEV and signs of rotavirus infection were collected from in total seven different farrow-to-finish swine farms located in Northern Serbia region (Vojvodina Province). A total of 14 samples (2 pools per farm) of small intestine with fecal content were submitted to laboratory molecular investigation (multiplex RTPCR). On these farms the clinical signs included the occurrence of diarrhea in suckling and weaned piglets, with weak or no response to the applied antimicrobial therapy. The epidemic of severe diarrhea affecting pigs of all ages on one farrow-to finish swine farm was detected in January 2016. Watery diarrhea in all swine categories was associated with vomiting and a reduction in feed consumption. Diarrheic, gaunt and dehydrated piglets, covered with feces were found in 90% litters. The disease affected most severely the suckling piglets, and the mortality in newborn piglets was up to 35%. In the weaned piglets and fatteners the mortality was up to 2.5% and 1.2%, respectively. The PEDV RNA was detected in pooled feces and samples of small intestines derived from diseased and dead suckling piglets from only one investigated farm. The PEDV positive samples showed to be negative for rotavirus group A and TGEV. The transport vehicles were identified as the main possible route of PEDV introduction. This is the first report demonstrating the presence of PEDV in Serbia.
IGF1 Gene Polymorphism in Selected Species of the Canidae Family
Authors: Jakubczak Andrzej , Gryzinska Magdalena , Horecka Beata , Jezewska-Witkowska Grazyna
Published: September 2017

The gene IGF1 has been shown to have a significant influence on the size of individuals, including animals of the Canidae family. In this study we determined SNP mutations of the IGF1 gene in dogs, raccoon dogs and farmed and free-living red foxes from Poland and Canada. No SNP mutations were noted in dogs or raccoon dogs, but a total of 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in foxes, including 12 substitutions, as well as one new mutation missense variant (exon 6) in wild Polish foxes and one synonymous mutation variant in wild foxes from Canada. We identified specific SNP profiles characteristic only for farmed foxes and only for wild foxes, as well as specific SNP profiles or wild foxes from North America (Canada) and from Europe (Poland).
Polyarthritis in Goat-Kids Caused by Streptococcus Equi Subspecies Zooepidemicus
Authors: Cvetojević Đorđe , Radanović Oliver , Milićević Vesna , Jezdimirović Nemanja , Kureljušić Branislav
Published: September 2017

Infectious arthritides in goats is mainly caused by mycoplasmas and Caprine Arthritis- Encephalitis virus (CAEV). Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus (S. zooepidemicus) is a member of Lancefield group C beta-hemolytic streptococcus that commonly colonizes the mucous membranes of healthy equids which is also capable to induce different pathological conditions in many animal species. In this paper we described a case of polyarthritis in four Alpine goat-kids caused by S. zooepidemicus. Goat-kids originated from a farm where sheep, llamas, shepherd dogs, cows and horses were kept with goats. During the external examination of carcasses, crusts and discrete hyperemia were seen on the earlobes beneath the ear tag, as well as swollen joints. Necropsy findings included severe fibrinous polyarthritis in all four examined kids. Shoulder, knee and hip joints were affected. From all affected joints S. zooepidemicus was isolated. Neither Mycoplasma spp. nor CAEV genome were detected from the affected joints. Most likely the goatkids were infected with S. zooepidemicus through the lesions on earlobes which were made after the tagging. As a possible source of bacteria, we recognized the horses and dogs. Due to the lack of any signs of illness in other animal species on the farm, as well as negative pathomorphological findings in other organs, we assumed that the isolated strain is highly adapted to goat-kids. Our report is the first described case of polyarthritis in goat-kids caused by S. zooepidemicus.
Elbow Joint Luxation in a Ten Months Old Arabian Colt – A Case Report
Authors: Brkljača Bottegaro Nika , Gotić Jelena , Capak Hrvoje , Huber Doroteja , Kučko Agata , Vrbanac Zoran
Published: September 2017

Elbow joint luxation without concomitant fracture is uncommon in horses. This paper reports on a case of elbow joint luxation in a ten months old Arabian colt. The horse was presented with a history of an acute onset of non-weight bearing right front limb lameness with edema of the affected region lasting for six days. Radiographic imaging indicated luxation of the elbow joint; however, useful information about the severity of soft tissue involvement was obtained using ultrasonography since bilateral collateral ligaments were completely disrupted. The owner opted for euthanasia and necropsy confirmed the diagnosis. Although very rare, elbow joint luxation should be considered in cases of acute forelimb lameness in young horses.
Feedback design of differential equations of reconstruction for second–order distributed parameter systems
Authors: Maksimov Vyacheslav I. , Mordukhovich Boris S.
Published: September 2017

The paper aims at studying a class of second-order partial differential equations subject to uncertainty involving unknown inputs for which no probabilistic information is available. Developing an approach of feedback control with a model, we derive an efficient reconstruction procedure and thereby design differential equations of reconstruction. A characteristic feature of the obtained equations is that their inputs formed by the feedback control principle constructively approximate unknown inputs of the given second-order distributed parameter system.
On the Farey sequence and its augmentation for applications to image analysis
Authors: Pratihar Sanjoy , Bhowmick Partha
Published: September 2017

We introduce a novel concept of theaugmented Farey table(AFT). Its purpose is to store the ranks of fractions of aFarey sequencein an efficient manner so as to return therankof any query fraction in constant time. As a result, computations on the digital plane can be crafted down to simple integer operations; for example, the tasks like determining the extent of collinearity of integer points or of parallelism of straight lines—often required to solve many image-analytic problems—can be made fast and efficient through an appropriate AFT-based tool. We derive certain interesting characterizations of an AFT for its efficient generation. We also show how, for a fraction not present in a Farey sequence, the rank of thenearest fractionin that sequence can efficiently be obtained by theregula falsimethod from the AFT concerned. To assert its merit, we show its use in two applications—one in polygonal approximation of digital curves and the other in skew correction of engineering drawings in document images. Experimental results indicate the potential of the AFT in such image-analytic applications.
Assessment of Post-Occlusive Reactive Hyperaemia in the Evaluation of Endothelial Function in Patients with Lower Extremity Artery Disease
Authors: Carasca Cosmin , Magdas Annamaria , Tilea Ioan , Incze Alexandru
Published: September 2017

Background: The aim was to assess endothelial function with photoplethysmography (PPG), by post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia (PORH) combined with alprostadil challenge test in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD).

Methods: Forty-nine PAD patients stage II-III Fontaine (39 male, 10 female, mean age 68.45±5.86 years) and a control group of 49 healthy individuals (24 male, 25 female; mean age 25.1±3.8 for a young subgroup; 71.0±0.16 years for an elderly subgroup) were included. Ankle-brachial index (ABI) was assessed at baseline, peripheral perfusion (PP) and PORH were assessed at baseline and after the 30 minutes administration of parenteral alprostadil.

Results: After 3 minutes of arterial occlusion, peripheral perfusion increased from 0.69±0.94 mV/V to 2.27±2.42 mV/V (p<0.0001). After alprostadil challenge, peripheral perfusion increased from 0.84±1.24 mV/V to 4.52±3.52 mV/V (p<0.0001). In controls PP was 2.4±1.7 mV/V versus 3.8±1.5 mV/V, p<0.0001.

Conclusion: In patients with PAD, an increase in PORH after alprostadil challenge due to the release of nitric oxide (NO), provides information on the endothelial function and could reflect the presence of collaterals. In the healthy control group, the increase in PORH could reflect the integrity of main arterial branch. In PAD patients with an increase in PORH, conservative therapy should be preferred over surgical revascularisation.
Heterozygous Deletion in Exons 4-5 of SHOX Gene in a Patient Diagnosed as Idiopathic Short Stature
Authors: David Anna , Kun Imre Zoltán , Nyírő Gábor , Szántó Zsuzsánna , Patócs Attila
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Isolated Short Stature Homeobox (SHOX) gene haploinsufficiency can be found in 2-15% of individuals diagnosed with idiopathic short stature determining different skeletal phenotypes.

Case presentation: We present the history of an 11-year-old female patient diagnosed with idiopathic short stature. Clinically, she was moderately disproportionate, with cubitus valgus and palatum ogivale. Her breast development was in Tanner stage 1 at the time of diagnosis. The endocrine diagnostic tests did not reveal any abnormalities except a slightly elevated thyroid stimulating hormone. We have also assessed the bone radiological findings. Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification technique used for the identification of SHOX gene haploinsufficiency showed a heterozygous deletion spanning exons 4-5 of SHOX gene.

Conclusions: This case is determined by deletions in exons 4-5 of SHOX gene and indicates the necessity of screening for SHOX deletions in patients diagnosed with idiopathic short stature, especially in children having increased sitting height-to-height ratio or decreased extremities-to-trunk ratio.
Economic Analysis and the Determinants of Pig Production in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Obayelu Abiodun Elijah , Ogunmola Omotoso Oluseye , Sowande Olusegun Kayode
Published: September 2017

This study examined the economics and determinants of pig production in Ogun State, Nigeria using Obafemi Owode and Odeda Local Government in Ogun State, Nigeria where the enterprise is most prominent. The data used for the study were obtained from 60 respondents as there are very few farmers into this business in the state compared to other livestock production. Pig farmers were sampled through snowball sampling technique. The data collected were analyzed with descriptive statistics, budgetary, and Ordinary Least Square regression model. Results from the study revealed that the mean age of the respondents was 36.6 years and they were predominantly (81.7 %) male. Most (68.3 %) of the farmers had no access to credit with half of them married. On the cost and returns, returns on investment were positively associated with herd size, breed, and type of management system in the study area. When controlling for years of production experience and herd size, with every 1 naira increase in variable costs, the return on investment decreased by ₦0.879 ≈ $0.0044 (P < 0.01). Similarly, when controlling for herd size and variable costs, with every 1 year of increase in production experience, the return on investment increased by ₦1.85 ≈ $0.0092 (P < 0.01). When controlling for number of years of production experience and variable costs, with every 1 naira increase in cost of stock, the return on investment increased by ₦1,652.74 ≈ $8.22 (P < 0.05). Lastly, when controlling for number of years of production experience and variable costs, every increase of herd size of 1 pig resulted in a return on investment of ₦1, 502.14 ≈ $7.47 (P < 0.01). Level of pig production experience, herd size, variable costs items, cost of stock, and access to credit had significant influence on the production of pig in the study area. The study therefore recommends subsidization of input costs, the need for extension officers or experts to educate less experienced farmers on pig production and effective extension services targeted at raising technical knowledge of pig farmers towards effective productivity and profitability.
Perceived Effects of Sand Dredging on Livelihood Diversification of Artisanal Fisher Folks in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Adesina Thomas Kehinde , Adunola Ogunnowo Aderonke
Published: September 2017

The study examined perceived effects of sand dredging activities on livelihood diversification of artisanal fisher folks in Lagos State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select respondents for the study. Purposively, Eti-Osa, Ibeju-Lekki, Epe and Ikorodu local Government Areas (LGAs) were selected for intensive dredging activities. Registered artisanal fishermen in these LGAs were 310, 350, 380 and 320, respectively. Twenty percent of the population in each LGAs were selected using simple random sampling technique to arrive at 272 respondents interviewed for the study. An interview schedule guide was used to elicit information on respondents’ socio-economic characteristics, knowledge, livelihood diversification and perception of the sand dredging effect on fishing activities. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation and independent sample t-test. The mean age of fisher folks was 37 ± 8 years, 92.1 % of them were males, 81.4 % were married and had households’ size ranging from 1 to 16 persons. Over 50 % of the respondents had no formal education. Monthly income of fisher folks in the study area ranged from ₦5, 000 to ₦60, 000 with a mean income of ₦22, 892 ± 13,564 and majority (92.9 %)were members of a social group. Respondents diversified most into off-farm activities such as commercial bike riding, security and technician services. Slightly above half (55.7 %) perceived sand dredging as having a negative effect on fishing activities. Results on inferential statistic revealed that a significant relationship existed between knowledge of sand dredging effect on fishing activities (r = 0.35), monthly income (r = −0.181) and social group (χ2= 2.886) and perceived effects of sand dredging on fishing activities. Deliberate policy drive to mitigate sand dredging practices is required to forestall the negative effect on livelihood diversification of the artisanal fisher folks. Consequently, the artisanal fishery contribution to total Gross Domestic Product (GDP), employment generation and total domestic fish production will be enhanced.
Old Genres in New Attire: Zsolna Ugron’s Novels
Authors: Prohászka-Rád Boróka , Salamon Boróka
Published: September 2017

In the present study we propose a look at Zsolna Ugron’s works from a generic perspective in order to analyze what conventions of genres such as the romance, the epistolary novel and the historical romance the author has revived and what are the elements that she has added or changed in order to make them appealing to the public and yield to critical analysis. We also attempt an investigation of the formation of female subjectivity as illustrated by these fundamentally feminine novels, given that all four of them operate with female protagonists, women in the process of shaping their destinies, often at crossroads where - despite all the external factors that seem to determine their fate from history to social conventions and men around them - ultimately they make their own personal choices and position themselves as responsible, active and creative subjects.
Nonlocal theory of curved rods. 2-D, high order, Timoshenko’s and Euler-Bernoulli models
Authors: Zozulya V.V.
Published: September 2017

New models for plane curved rods based on linear nonlocal theory of elasticity have been developed. The 2-D theory is developed from general 2-D equations of linear nonlocal elasticity using a special curvilinear system of coordinates related to the middle line of the rod along with special hypothesis based on assumptions that take into account the fact that the rod is thin. High order theory is based on the expansion of the equations of the theory of elasticity into Fourier series in terms of Legendre polynomials. First, stress and strain tensors, vectors of displacements and body forces have been expanded into Fourier series in terms of Legendre polynomials with respect to a thickness coordinate. Thereby, all equations of elasticity including nonlocal constitutive relations have been transformed to the corresponding equations for Fourier coefficients. Then, in the same way as in the theory of local elasticity, a system of differential equations in terms of displacements for Fourier coefficients has been obtained. First and second order approximations have been considered in detail. Timoshenko’s and Euler-Bernoulli theories are based on the classical hypothesis and the 2-D equations of linear nonlocal theory of elasticity which are considered in a special curvilinear system of coordinates related to the middle line of the rod. The obtained equations can be used to calculate stress-strain and to model thin walled structures in micro- and nanoscales when taking into account size dependent and nonlocal effects.
A Comparison of the Approaches to Customer Experience Analysis
Authors: Havíř David
Published: September 2017

Nowadays, customer experience is receiving much attention in scientific and managerial community. Scholars and practitioners state that customer experience is the next area of competition. For a long time, there has been a call for a uniform, accurate definition, definition of its components, and the development of the customer experience frameworks. As this topic is new, there has been a considerable fragmentation. The question is if the fragmentation is still present and how can we address it. The aim of this paper is to summarize research on customer experience analysis and to explore and compare the dimensions describing customer experience listed in seven conceptual models with findings from 17 research projects on customer experience conducted after the year 2010. The purpose of this is to summarize recent knowledge, get the most comprehensive view on customer experience and its possible decomposition, and to reveal possible relationships between the dimensions. Based on a review of the available literature, the paper juxtaposes several approaches to customer experience analysis and compares their results to find similarities and differences among them. In the first step, the dimensions and factors of the customer experience were extracted from the seven models to analyze customer experience and they were compared with each other. This resulted in a set of dimensions and factors. In the next step, customer experience factors and dimensions were extracted from 17 practical research papers on customer experience. Finally, based on their descriptions and found similarities, the dimensions and factors were put together into several groups, as this grouping and creation of the new universal set of dimensions might solve the fragmentation issue.
Quantification of the Natural Factors’ Impact Effectiveness on Environmental Hazards – Slope Movements in the Flysch Areas of the Kysuce Region
Authors: Barančoková Mária , Krnáčová Zdena , Chasníková Silvia
Published: September 2017

The flysch areas belong to the territories with highest occurrence of landslides in Slovakia. Almost 67% of all landslides in Slovakia take place within the Carpathian flysch. It is a type of slope deformation that responds sensitively to the quality of individual factors that form the landscape and to the change in natural conditions. The occurrence of various geodynamic phenomena can be understood as a geological barrier that reduces or inhibits the use of natural environment and negatively affects the life of society and territorial development. In this paper, we evaluate the statistical significance of selected natural factors of the landscape in relation to the occurrence of unstable slopes in the Kysuce region. In addition, we also evaluated the expansion of unstable slopes in individual landscape factors. Significant linkages between the variables’ hydrogeological base_sandstones with thin clay layers (HB_s) and geological-substrate complex_loamy wastes to loamy-stony debris on sandy conglomerates (GSC_sc) (R = 0.95, p = 0.002) and secondary significant linkages between the variables soil type: Dystric Cambisols (S_CMd) and HB_s (R = 0.40, p = 0.002) (Klokočov and Zákopčie cadastres) were observed. Significant correlation of variables within the areas with unstable slopes was also observed between hydrogeological base_sandy flysch (HB_sf) and geological-substrate complex_loamy wastes on flysch stones (GSC_fs) (R = 0.81, p = 0.002) (Nová Bystrica and Kysucké Nové Mesto cadastres). The most unstable slopes occur in Nová Bystrica cadastre (34.62% of the area) and in the Klokočov cadastre (28.25% of the area). The inclination of slopes (especially slopes above 12°) plays an important role within the unstable slopes. Slopes with steep inclination cover up to 81.45% of the cadastral area of Nová Bystrica, of which almost 1/3 are unstable slopes.
Applying CFD for Studying the Dynamic and Thermal Behavior of Solar Chimney Drying System with Reversed Absorber
Authors: Khaldi Souheyla , Korti A. Nabil , Abboudi Said
Published: September 2017

This article provides numerical study of the solar chimney (SC) assembled with a reversed absorber and packed bed for the indirect-mode solar dryer. The present study was designed to determine the effects of using the SC in three configuration and physical proprieties of the packed (thickness and porosity) on the dynamic and thermal behavior of airflow. The results reveal that (1) using SC without storage material can increase the maximum mass flow rate up to 5%. However, integrating a storage material in the SC can improve the mass flow rate up to 32% during nighttime; (2) the use of a packed bed can decrease the crops temperature fluctuation until about 76% and increase the operating time of the solar dryer up to 12.5 hours rather than 10 hours in the case without packed bed; (3) increasing the porosity from 0.1 to 0.8 can increase the maximum temperature by about 10°C.