bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficient Resource Allocation and Utilization: The Missing Link in Nigeria’s Quest for Sustainable Development
Authors: Ehiorobo Abraham Osa
Published: December 2018

This study examines resource allocation and utilization in Nigeria as the missing link in the nation’s quest for sustainable development. The main objective of the research is to examine how inefficient allocation and utilization of material, human and financial resources has made the attainment of sustainable development goals (SDGs) elusive in Nigeria. Given the abundant resources at the disposal of successive regimes in the country, it is difficult to explain why the citizens remain desperately poor with 70 percent living below poverty line. The excruciating poverty faced by the rural majority and the urban poor has led some people into indulging in unwholesome practices such as armed robbery, pipeline vandalism, prostitution, risky migrations, advanced fee fraud and other forms of social vices. The paper utilizes a qualitative design based on the interpretivist philosophy while the ontological orientation is subjectivism. Findings from the study indicate that there has been gross inefficiency in resource allocation and utilization in Nigeria due to corruption, ethnic prejudices, bad governance practices, absence of accountability, lack of transparency and wasteful spending on frivolous activities. Conclusion drawn from the study indicates that if proper project planning, execution, monitoring and evaluation are carried out in a transparent manner, and resources are efficiently allocated and utilized, Nigeria would be on the path to sustainable development. The paper therefore recommends that economic and technical efficiencies should be embraced in resource allocation and utilization for Nigeria to attain sustainable development goals.
OXIDATIVE STRESS IN ACUTE SEROUS AND PURULENT PYELONEPHRITIS
Authors: Kholimenko I. M. , Konoplya A. I. , Bratchikov O. I. , Bystrova N. A. , Mavrin M. Y. , Shatokhin M. N.
Published: December 2018

THE AIM: To study the state of the proand antioxidant system at the systemic and local level in acute serous and purulent pyelonephritis (ASP, APP). PATIENTS AND METHODS. Oxidative status was studied in 62 patients with ASP and APP, randomized by age, sex, the minimum number of co-morbidities in remission. RESULTS. It was found that the ASP, to a greater extent with the APP on the system (blood plasma, red blood cells) and local level (urine) increases the concentration of stable metabolites of nitric oxide, increases the content of lipid peroxidation products (alkyl hydroperoxides, malonic dialdehyde) and decreases the activity of the antioxidant system (superoxide dismutase levels, catalase, in plasma, urine and erythrocytes). After the comprehensive treatment of the studied indices at ASP are corrected or normalized, and at APP are subject to a minimum correction. CONCLUSION. The results reveal changes of oxidative status occurring in acute serous and purulent pyelonephritis, and also confirm the need for the comprehensive treatment of this disease using drugs with antioxidant and cytoprotective effects.
OBESITY AND KIDNEY DISEASE: HIDDEN CONSEQUENCES OF THE EPIDEMIC
Authors: Kovesdy Csaba P. , Furth Susan , Zoccali Carmine
Published: December 2018

on behalf of the World Kidney Day Steering Committee. 

Obesity has become a worldwide epidemic, and its prevalence has been projected to grow by 40% in the next decade. This increasing prevalence has implications for the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and also for Chronic Kidney Disease. A high body mass index is one of the strongest risk factors for new-onset Chronic Kidney Disease. In individuals affected by obesity, a compensatory hyperfiltration occurs to meet the heightened metabolic demands of the increased body weight. The increase in intraglomerular pressure can damage the kidneys and raise the risk of developing Chronic Kidney Disease in the long-term. The incidence of obesity-related glomerulopathy has increased ten-fold in recent years. Obesity has also been shown to be a risk factor for nephrolithiasis, and for a number of malignancies including kidney cancer. This year the World Kidney Day promotes education on the harmful consequences of obesity and its association with kidney disease, advocating healthy lifestyle and health policy measures that makes preventive behaviors an affordable option.
RISK FACTORS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN CHILDREN WITH AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Authors: Papizh S. V. , Dlin V. V. , Leontieva I. V. , Tutelman K. M.
Published: December 2018

THE AIM:to identify the frequency and risk factors of cardiovascular lesions in children with ADPKD.PATIENTS AND METHODS:54 children (27M/27F) with ADPKD were examined. The median age was 12 (IQR: 8.0;15.0) years. Standard two-dimensional echocardiogram was performed. LV mass (LVM) was calculated, normalized to height2.7 and estimated by centile tables. Relative wall thickness (RWT) was calculated. Patterns of abnormal LV geometry were defined as follows: LV concentric remodelling by normal LVMI and RWT ≥0.42; eccentric LV hypertrophy (LVH) by increased LVMI and RWT <0.42; concentric LVH by increased LVMI and RWT ≥0.42. We checked blood pressure with ABPM. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to three levels of BP: hypertension (HBP; greater than the 95th percentile for sex, age, and height), high normal blood pressure (HNBP; 90–95th percentile), and normotension (NBP; less than the 90th percentile). Total kidney volume (cm3) was assessed by ultrasound, corrected for standard body surface and estimated by centile tables. Renal scintigraphy with 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) with the calculation of the integral index of capture (IIC) was performed.RESULTS:Hypertension was found in 42,5 % of cases, HNBP was in 18,5% of cases. HBP were detected more frequently in children with increased renal volume (cm3/1,73m2) more than 97‰+≥50% compared with children with renal volume less than 97‰: (p=0.03), RR=2.9 (95% CI:1.4-4.9). Changes in the structure and geometry of the LV were identified in 14.8% of cases (concentric LVH – 7,4%; eccentric LVH -3,7%; LV concentric remodeling -3,7%). Children with LVMI >90 percentile were more frequently detected systolic hypertension in the daytime, diastolic hypertension at night compared with children with LVMI <90 percentile: 54% vs. 18% (p=0.04), RR=1.81 (95% CI:0.93-3.5) and 55% vs. 16% (p=0.008), RR=2.2 (95% CI:0.98-4.6). LVMI in children with systolic and diastolic hypertension was significantly higher than in children with isolated diastolic hypertension: 34.15 (30.7; 39) vs. 22.77 (22.04; 23.5) (p = 0.03). Increased renal volume (cm3/1,73m2) more than 97‰ and decreased IIC by DMSA were detected more frequently in children with LVMI>90 percentile compared with children with LVMI <90 percentile: (p=0.04), RR=1.7 (95% CI:1.1-2.6) and (р=0.04), RR=1.8 (95% CI:1.1-3.07).CONCLUSION:Risk factor for hypertension in children with ADPKD is increased renal volume. Risk factors for the development of left ventricular hypertrophy are systolic hypertension in the daytime, diastolic hypertension at night, increased kidney volume, and decreased IIC by DMSA.
The integrative fundamentals of alexithymia
Authors: Severyanova L. A. , Plotnikov B. B. , Plotnikov D. B.
Published: December 2018

The aim of the study was to show the interrelation between the gradually increasing alexithymia traits and the integrative self regulation style of emotional, personal and cognitive interaction with the environment. The Toronto Alexithymia scale was used for examination of 356 students of a medical university. The students were divided into 4 groups in accordance with the alexithymia degree (69 - 94 scores for a high degree). The integral methods of estimation of an individuality were: Temperament Traits Accentuation, Differential estimation of Personal anxiety, Property Concept Discrimination and Copying Strategy. We noticed that the higher was the alexithymia degree the more marked was accentuation of asthenic temperament traits (emotional instability, social and objective passivity) and of personal anxiety (neural-psychic excitability and shyness). There was prevalence of inadaptive copying strategies and abstractive self-controlling style of intellectual activity. Alexithymia is the integral psychological phenomenon combining emotional, volutional, personal and mental parameters of an individuality as a whole. The structure of the phenomenon allows existence of different variants of the components and hence of its typology - the fact of scientific and practical value.
Predictors of low compliance with treatment in the patients with gastro-esophageal reflux disease
Authors: Tikhonov S. V.
Published: December 2018

Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a widespread pathology requiring a long-term initial and maintaining therapy. Identification of the risk factors of low compliance of the patient with the treatment of the gastroesophageal reflux disease may be helpful in optimization of the patient - the doctor contact and thus may improve the compliance. The paper describes the predictors of low compliance that may be disclosed in the period of primary contact with the patients with gastroesophagial reflux pathology.
The role of educational and clinical prevention of dental diseases in older preschool children in a preschool
Authors: Vanchakova N. P. , Ulitovsky S. B. , Telnyuk I. V. , Guliev A. Yu.
Published: December 2018

A study of 19 preschool children (8 ofthem with speech disorders, 19 parents, 4 preschool teacher were to identify low hygienic knowledge and skills of parents and children. Children in violation of the formation of speech found in the playback lag motor tasks on the space-time parameters, broke a sequence of elements of action, lowered its component parts, the longer formulated phrase. What to consider when creating training programs for oral health.
Correction of the functional condition of the bile excretory system in pathogenetic management of polymorbid patients with atherosclerosis
Authors: Gorbacheva I. A. , Sycheva Ju. A. , Kyrdyumov I. V. , Egorova L. P. , Makhiaylova O. V.
Published: December 2018

The aim of the search was development of some methods for improvement of effectiveness of treatment of polymorbid patients with atherosclerosis and disordered bile outflow. Complex phytotherapy (phytocomplex «Hepar») with its hepatoprotective and choleratic effects was prescribed for 33 patients with atherosclerosis and hepatobiliary dysfunction (in addition to dietotherapy and choleratics). Administration of the balanced phytotherapy resulted in significant reduction of the cholesterol level associated with the decrease of the C-reactive protein index in the blood. These changes were followed by decrease of the blood lipids and protein substrates oxidation - the factors meaning suppression of the degree of oxidative stress and of inflammation in the body.
Risk factors that provoke development of the digestive pathology and psoriasis
Authors: Salikhova A. S. , Kryukova A. Ya. , Khismatullina Z. R. , Ibliyaminova A. A.
Published: December 2018

The paper deals with the risk factors that provoke aggravation of psoriasis, with special attention to the stress the patient experiences among coworkers. Careful examination of the digestive system organs has shown that in case of their pathology and in case of psoriasis there are similar risk factors – the fact to be taken into account in complex management of such patients.
Hyperactivity disorder in adolescents with hypertension
Authors: Glushchenko V. V.
Published: December 2018

We have examined 59 adolescents, at the age of 16–19 years, with hyperactivity disorder and hypertension disorder using clinicopsychopathological, psychometric and electroencephalographic methods. The following components of the disorder have been singled out: hyperactivity (arousal); subdepressive and emotionautonomic subjective disturbances in adolescents with high blood pressure. The significance of neurophysiological dysfunction in the pathogenesis of the disorder has been proved.
Pathogenetic mechanisms of psychosomatic components of the myometrium increased tone in the pregnancy period
Authors: Demin A. N. , Sergeev V. A.
Published: December 2018

In order to study the psychosomatic component of myometrium hypertonus two groups of pregnant women were examined: the main group (n=32) and the control one (n=14). The character and frequency of the complaints associated with the uterus tone increase, the level of personal and reactive anxiety, association of the symptoms of the myometriumhypertonus with psychoemotional tension
Intraoperative assessment of the left colon blood supply after elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair
Authors: Bedrov A. Y. , Moiseev A. A. , Ustyuzhaninov A. S.
Published: December 2018

The retrospective analysis of the data of 197 patients who had undergone elective abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair showed that almost half of them (43.1 %) had impaired passability of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA), 19.3 % – of the internal iliac artery (IIA) and both arteries were affected in 8.3 % of the patients. IMA after elective AAA repair was ligated in 130 patients, 65 patients had it implanted into prosthesis and 2 patients underwent stenting of the aorta. The operation resulted in preserved antegrade and retrograde blood flow in the IIA in a quarter (25.4 %) and a third (32.1 %) of the patients, respectively. In the early postoperative period ischemic colitis was found in 8 patients (4.1 %), and more than a third of them (37.5 %) developed infarction in the left side of the colon with a lethal outcome. To objectify the intraoperative assessment of the blood supply in the left colon after elective AAA repair the methods of direct manometry and ultrasonography were used in 41 and 40 patients, respectively, and both methods were applied in 21 patients. The level of statistical significance and the positive values of the coefficients of correlation between the values of the peak systolic velocity and the indices of pressure intraoperative ultrasonography as a reliable and noninvasive method for assessing perfusion in the left side of the colon after electively AAA repair.
Cephalometric characteristics of autochthonous population in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Soloviev M. M. , Ormanov C. E. , Aleksina L. A. , Baindurashvili A. A.
Published: December 2018

Front and side view photos of 320 Kazakh and Uzbek residents of Kazakhstan were studied by means of photo grammetry and a computer aided program «Harmony». Analysis of 46 cephalometric parameters resulted in the following findings: statistically significant difference between Uzbek and Kazakh males was detected in 39,1 % of the cases, while those among females were noted in 54,3 %, of the cases, i. e. ethnic distinctions were more pronounced in the females. An architectonic comparison of Kazakh and Uzbek facial features with the European types of faces has revealed that the facial features of the Kazakh females bear a stronger similarity to the Caucasoid facial types.
Long-term results of surgical treatment of calculous cholecystitis with the use of mini-access
Authors: Sopiya R. A. , Popov A. A. , Korobov A. J. , Sopiya E. R.
Published: December 2018

The paper presents the follow-up results of the mini-access surgery for chronic calculous cholecystitis (72 patients) and for calculous cholecystitis (133 patients) performed 3-6 years ago. The long-term results were estimated on two international questionnaires of quality of life (SF-36, GSRS), and on the data of clinical, laboratory and instrumental methods of investigation. All patients operated on for chronic calculous cholecystitis had good long-term results. 99.3 % of the patients with acute calculous cholecystitis had good and satisfactory results of surgical treatment. Only 1 (0.7 %) patient had an unfavourable result, because of choledocholithiasis, identified 2 years after surgery.
The treatment of inguinal hernia with mesh prostheses PROGRIP
Authors: Vasiliev S. V. , Moshkova T. A.
Published: December 2018

The experience in application of the new generation of polypropylene mesh with PLA resolved hooks has been analyzed. These prostheses need no supplementary fixation with suture. Our experience confirms their positive clinical efficacy - the reduction of the time of operation, the safety of the use, goods immediate and remotes results.
Discoordination of labor activity: theory and practice
Authors: Kozonov G. R.
Published: December 2018

The article presents the literature review of current conception of development, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and management of discoordination in labor activity. Special attention is payed to the clinical course of the labor and its outcome and for morhpofunctional features of the myometrium in this category of patients.
Resourcing of statistical and organization-methodological service in Saint-Petersburg
Authors: Shapiro K. I. , Safonov S. M. , Vishnyakov N. I.
Published: December 2018

The article presents materials on staff and personnel of statistics departments (offices), their equipment and data of sociological survey of employees of these units concerning the problems of Saint-Petersburg medical statistics service.
Prognosis of psychic disorders in young persons
Authors: Krasnov A. A.
Published: December 2018

The results of a long-term (1986 - 2012 years) dynamic monitoring of mental health were analyzed in 897 people. 278 of them showed mental disorders in the period of observation. Significant difference between the indices of cognitive functions and personality specifics in the healthy and sick people in the period before illness debut was identified. A prediction model of mental disorders in the period before illness debut was created.
VKORC1 gene -1639 G/A and 1173 C/Т polymorphisms in Nenets autonomous district indigenous population
Authors: Lavrinov P. A. , Belova N. I. , Vorobyeva N. A.
Published: December 2018

According to the data obtained the VKORC1 gene polymorphism prevalence in the native population of the Nenets autonomous region differed significantly from that in the Arkhangelsk population. The homozygous form of 1173T allele prevailed in the nenets. This may be protective against thrombosis but it increases the risk of artery calcification and of indirect overdosing of anticoagulants.
Evaluation of long-term results of radical and organ-sparing operations on adrenal gland tumors
Authors: Chausova V. G. , Pankova P. A. , Ramazanova E. A.
Published: December 2018

Long-term results have been estimated for laparoscopic adrenalectomy and laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy in the treatment of adrenal tumors. If preoperative data and intra-operating evaluation show no sign of malignancy, it is possible to perform organ-sparing surgery.
Modern technologies of small-for-date newborn nursing care and monitoring
Authors: Koptseva A. V. , Vinogradov A. F. , Ivanov A. G. , Grebenshchikova L. Y. , Noselidze O. B.
Published: December 2018

The article represents the in-depth review of Russian and foreign publications on the topical issue in perinatology, focusing on the modern technologies of small-for-date newborn nursing care and monitoring. The authors analyze the current situation in the Russian Federation and propose ways of solution of this problem with regard to up-to-date requirements.
Sputum as a source of adipokines in bronchial asthma
Authors: Mineev V. N. , Lalaeva T. M. , Vasiljeva T. S. , Kuzmina A. A.
Published: December 2018

Forty-four patients with allergic (ABA) and non-allergic (NABA) variants of bronchial asthma (BA) were examined to evaluate levels of key adipokines (leptin, resistin, adiponectin) in sputum in different variants of BA. Adipokines in sputum and blood plasma were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The indices that reflect the percentage of adipokines in sputum regarding adipokines in plasma of the same patients were worked out to evaluate the ratio of levels of corresponding adipokines in plasma and sputum in patients with BA. Two regularities are clearly seen in the study: the first - levels of proinflammatory adipokines (leptin, resistin) in sputum in ABA correlate directly with indicators of respiratory function but levels of anti-inflammatory adipokines (adiponectin) in sputum correlate inversely with indicators of respiratory function; the second -correlation of levels of the studied adipokines with indicators of respiratory function are almost not revealed in NABA. The first regularity reflects the important fact that the content of adipokines in bronchial secretion is to a certain extent one of regulating local mechanisms in target organ controlled system levels of corresponding adipokines in exacerbation of BA.
Analysis of female patients' satisfaction of medical care in antenatal clinic working at the system of compulsory medical insurance in Saint Petersburg
Authors: Kochorooa L. V. , Tsioyan B. L.
Published: December 2018

2175 of patients were interviewed in 2014 year. The index of female patients' satisfaction of medical care in antenatal clinic is 0.88 but there are differences on some aspects of medical care and in districts of Saint Petersburg. It was recommended to use the obtained data for improving the availability of medical care.
Analysis of the results of hearing aids fitting using the questionnaire «Glasgow Hearing Aid Benefit Profile»
Authors: Golooanooa L. E. , Zhiunskaya E. V. , Yu M. .
Published: December 2018

164 patients with moderate to severe ehronie bilateral sensorineural hearing loss were asked to fill in the Glasgow hearing aid benefit profile. Its usefulness was showed in eases of diffieult hearing aid fitting.
Expression of GR, COX2и MMP1 genes in peripheral blood leukocytes after intensive therapy of the patients with chronic obstructive lung disease
Authors: Yelshin N. D. , Chukhlovin A. B. , Kuzubova N. A. , Shahanova I. A. , Titova O. N.
Published: December 2018

Our study was aimed at analysis of expression of genes controlling individual stages of an inflammatory process in combined therapy of chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD). Evaluation of activity of GR, COX-2, and MMP1 genes in blood leukocytes was determined in forty one patients with COPD exacerbations (GOLD stage II to III, Group D) who underwent a two-week combined treatment including Tiotropium Bromide, Formoterol, and glucocotricoid inhalations, as well as parenteral antibacterial treatment. Before and after treatment, relative content of specific mRNAs for GR, GC receptors, and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (COX-2, GR, and MMP1) genes were determined with real-time PCR. Mean values of the gene expression did not significantly differ between the pre- and post-treatment time points. We have found, however, a highly significant correlation between individual changes of the СОХ2, ММР1 и GR gene expression, as well as reverse correlation between СОХ2, GR expression and positive changes in C-reactive protein levels following treatment course. The results of study confirm some interrelations between changes in expression of the inflammation-modulating genes and improvement of clinical parameters after combined drug therapy of the COPD.
Conservative treatment of patients with tarsal coalitions
Authors: Sapogoosky A. V. , Khusainoo R. Kh. , Kenis V. M.
Published: December 2018

Tarsal coalition is a pathological condition with abnormal fusion between two or more tarsal bones. The aim of the study was to evaluate effectiveness of conservative treatment in patients with tarsal coalitions. The treatment included reducing the intensity of physical activity, medication, orthotics, physiotherapy. For evaluation of effectiveness of the treatment, we used the AOFAS scale. The results of the study demonstrated that conservative treatment in patients with tarsal coalitions was focused onon temporary pain release. Conservative treatment has limited efficacy for patients with symptomatic tarsal coalitions because of short pain release in the majority of children (98 %). The indications for conservative treatment in patients with symptomatic tarsal coalitions should be pain and hindfoot valgus less than 15°. In other cases, conservative treatment should be considered as preoperative preparation.
Radiation effect from a mobile phone on brain tumor growth
Authors: Babalyan A. V.
Published: December 2018

This article reviews epidemiological studies aimed at establishing of association between mobile phone radiation and risk of brain tumors. Only the most relevant and fundamental studies of foreign authors were selected. Both positive and negative results were analyzed to give a straight answer, if mobile phone radiation increases the risk of brain tumors.
Usage of risk management system for improvement of sanitary-epidemiological control and surveillance
Authors: Karelin A. O. , Yeremin G. B. , May I. V. , Lomtev A. Yu. , Kiselev A. V. , Mozzhukhina N. A.
Published: December 2018

The article reviewsthe possibility to work out and introduce risk-oriented model for control and surveillance in the field of the sanitary-epidemiological well-being of the population in the Russian Federation. In implementation of risk-oriented approaches, choice of a model is of importance. If the static model is the starting one, then in the future, the dynamic model will be the most promising allowing for assessment of stability of the sanitary-epidemiologic situation in time. Introduction and development of risk-oriented models for control and surveillance is the actual objective at realization of sanitary-epidemiological control (surveillance) . It is necessary to work out and harmonize concept, procedural apparatus, and scientific and methodological support of risk-oriented control and surveillance on the base of the best world patterns and standards.
Volume, structure and funding of specialized outpatient care at the outpatient Advisory Department of Mariinskaya hospital
Authors: Kutyrev E. M. , Vishnyakov N. I. , Emelyanov O. V. , Ineshina L. A.
Published: December 2018

With the development of technologies, and discovery of new methods of diagnostics and treatment of diseases, a shift of the disease towards chronic disease is observed. Growth in prosperity will increase average life expectancy and mean age of population. Year after year, the elderly sector grows, with several chronic diseases per person. This is especially true for St. Petersburg, where 25 % of the populations of over working age. Thus, the demand for specialized medical care, particularly outpatient, will increase. Given that outpatient care is more profitable than hospital care, particular attention should be paid to its organization and expansion (increase in area, number of personnel, logistics, and so on). The article attempts to analyze changes in the volume of specialized outpatient medical care delivered at the outpatient Advisory Department of St. Petersburg state establishment of healthcare Mariinsky hospital in the period from 2008 through 2013.
Distribution of genotypes and alleles of the aldosterone-synthase gene in patients with abdominal obesity
Authors: Brovin D. L. , Bazhenova E. A. , Popov R. E. , Belyaeva O. D. , Berezina A. V. , Karonova T. L. , Korelskaya N. A. , Ivanova T. G. , Pchelina S. N. , Baranova E. I. , Berkovich O. A. , Schlyakhto E. V.
Published: December 2018

We observed 140 patients with abdominal obesity (AO) (IDF, 2005), the residents of St. Petersburg (44.6 ± 0.6 years). Metabolic syndrome (MS) (IDF, 2005) was diagnosed in 49.2% of patients with AO. The most frequent component of MS in patients with AO was arterial hypertension (AH). The distribution of genotypes and -alleles of the aldosterone-synthase gene in patients with AO and in the comparison group (56 subjects without AO, 41.0 ± 1.1 years) didn't differ (p> 0.05). Levels of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) were higher in carriers of -344T allele of aldosterone-synthase gene. Plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone and glucose levels, anthropometric parameters, serum blood lipids and carbohydrate metabolism indices in obese patients with different genotypes of aldosterone-synthase gene didn't differ. -344T allele of aldosterone-synthase gene in patients with AO is associated with the increased risk of AH.
Clinical and laboratory comparison in postmenopausal osteoporosis with normal and enhanced function of the parathyroid glands
Authors: Saveleva K. A. , Kotova S. M. , Karlova N. A. , Koloskov V. A. , Matezius I. Yu.
Published: December 2018

The need for a comprehensive diagnostic approach to the patients suffering osteoporosis is determined by high medical and social significance and disabling nature of complications. The objective of this research is to estimate features of calcium and bone metabolism depending on functional status of parathyroid glands. The study involved 150 post-menopausal women with a low bone mineral density. All patients underwent clinical and laboratory examination including a functional test for evaluating the enteral absorption of calcium. More expressed disorders of calcium and bone metabolism have been identified in patients with the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism in conjunction with the violation of enteral calcium absorption.
The system of expert evaluation of the quality of orthodontic treatment of patientswithdento-alveolar anomalies
Authors: Spitsyna O. B. , Trezubov V. N. , Trezubov V. V.
Published: December 2018

The article resents the results of developing a system of assessing the quality of orthodontic treatment of patients with various forms of dento-alveolar and facial anomalies, consisting of 3 parts: main and supplementary parts, and auxiliary section, allowing for conduct of comprehensive automated quality assessment of orthodontic dental care.
Improvement of orthopedic dental treatment of patients suffering post-surgery defects of the maxilla of cancer genesis
Authors: Arutyunov A. S. , Arutyunov S. D.
Published: December 2018

The paper presents a comprehensive study identifying the key issuesand giving the mathematical, and clinical and microbiological substantiation of modern principles of providing orthopedic dental care to patients with acquired defects of the upper jaw of cancer genesis.
Some cases of transfusion-related acute lung injury in clinical practice
Authors: Bakhovadinov B. B. , Ashurova G. S. , Kucher M. A. , Tretyakova A. Y. , Khodzhiev A. B. , Khakberdiev R. M.
Published: December 2018

Preparation of this publication was motivated by a desire to present contemporary authors look at one of the most important branches of critical care medicine - transfusion therapy and related complications, such as transfusion-related lung injury (TRALI). The article describes the causes, pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of TRALI patients in critical condition. In this article attention is paid to the diagnosis of TRALI, associated with transfusion of blood components, modern diagnosis criteria. The authors describe the clinical symptoms, treatment schema and propose prevention protocol of TRALI. In order to determine the incidence of TRALI in medical practice transfusion therapy data in 1900 patients was analyzed. The development of this complication was found in 12 patients, 5 patients had «possible TRALI», which is comparable with the literature data. In 5 patients and 11 donors at a laboratory study anti-leukocyte antibodies were found. The important role of prevention, based on the immune mechanisms of the pathogenesis of TRALI is marked.
The relationship of the brainstem ischemia and chronicity of lumboischialgia
Authors: Smolko D. G. , Aliev K. T. , Bondarenko E. V. , Lobatsevich D. A. , Makarova O. T. , Ponomarev G. V. , Shumilina M. V.
Published: December 2018

We analyzed 60 patients aged from 30 up to 75 years with any of low-lumbar herniated intervertebral disks. Pain intensity was compared with the concomitant presence of chronic circulatory failure in the vertebral-basilar basin as a result of clinically significant abnormalities of blood vessels in the form of hypoplasia of vertebral artery and its tortuosity. We investigated dynamics of patient's pain under the influence of low-dose treatment by Cortexin (neurocytoprotector). In patients with chronic brainstem ischemia the herniated discs cause more intense and prolonged pain (radicular and local). More effective in these patients is a treatment with inclusion of Cortexin 20 mg intramuscularly within 10 days.
Bioethics as a stage in development of humanism
Authors: Ketova T. N.
Published: December 2018

This article uncovers humanistic substance of bioethics - a discipline which originated in 1960's. Bioethics has an interdisciplinary character and presents itself as a reflection on problematic situations, which can appear as a result of biomedical progress. Bioethics in a wider sense can be viewed as ethics of life, which highlights its ecological substance. This article analyses the problem of consequences of radical human transformation and also the article shows significance of leading principle of «personal autonomy of the patient». In the article functions and goals of ethical committees, existing in various countries, are highlighted. In conclusion, the article highlights specifics of bioethics as a syncretic discipline, which assists development of humanism and responds to modern civilization's challenges.
Metabolic therapy of multimorbid patients with arterial hypertension and inflammatory diseases of a parodentium
Authors: Sycheva Yu. A. , Gorbacheva I. A. , Orekhova L. Yu. , Shabak-Spassky P. S. , Egorova L. P.
Published: December 2018

AH is accompanied by deep metabolic and functional violations in organism tissue, including also the parodentium. The special attention is drawn by efficiency of the metabolic preparations possessing multimodal actions and allowing carrying out therapy of a number of states. The preparation of L-carnitine which is a perspective remedy for patients with AH associated with Inflammatory Deseased of Parodentium belongs to such means. In work studying of clinical efficiency and mechanisms action of L-carnitine in patients with AH and inflammatory diseases of parodentium was carried out. 70 patients with AH associated with IPD were divided into groups by way of simple randomization: a group with inclusion of a L-carnitine into the treatment and a control group, receiving only standard therapy. In the conducted research high antioxidant activity of the preparation is confirmed and the effect of L-carnitine normalizing tissue microcirculation is noted.
The clinical course of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the role of polymorphisms in the intronic and promoter regions of the gene alpha-galactosidase A
Authors: Poliakova A. A. , Semernin E. N. , Gudkova A. Ya.
Published: December 2018

The article reflects the importance of timely diagnosis sarcomeric and non sarcomeric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). The results of the phenotypic and genotypic screenings aimed at identifying HCM phenocopies and, in particular Fabry disease, in the structure of left ventricular hypertrophy of unknown origin in patients of the North-West region of Russia. We analyzed the influence of polymorphisms in the intronic and promoter regions of the GLA gene on clinical course and the presence of extracardiac manifestations.
Perspectives for diagnostic and treatment in alcoholic encephalopathy at early disease stage
Authors: Barantsevich E. R. , Kurashevich K. G.
Published: December 2018

101 patients with alcoholic encephalopathy, aged from 30 to 60 years, were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into three groups: 34 patients in the treatment group received neiromidin in a dose of 15 mg in solution during 10 days and then in tabs in a dose of 20 mg three times a day during 2 months; 32 patients in the treatment group received vasoactive, antioxidant treatment and metadoxil in a dose of 500 mg three times a day during 2 months. The comparison group included 35 patients receiving only vasoactive and antioxidant treatment. To the end of treatment, the positive changes in the state of patients reflected in the decrease in the number of complaints and neurological symptoms were seen in the treatment groups.
Detection of Pathogen Candida spp. Isolated from Butter
Authors: YURDAKUL Ozen , KIRDAR Seval Sevgi , KEYVAN Erhan
Published: December 2018

Yeasts may affect
food safety and quality causing spoilage in foods. Also, yeasts can be used as starter culture in the
production of traditional and industrial products. Candida species are important for hospital infections which have
been able to infect to humans via food in recent years. The aim of this study was
to evaluate the incidence of pathogen Candida
spp. in butter. In this study, 100 butter samples were analyzed from public
bazaars. Candida spp. was detected 10
% of butter samples. C. albicans, C.
albicans and C. krusei, C.
tropicalis, C. krusei were
isolated 4%, 3%, 2%, 1% from Candida spp.
positive butter samples, respectively. According to this data, presence of pathogen Candida spp. in butter samples can cause
significant problems in public health. In order to ensure food safety, it is
necessary to determine the rate of yeast and mold and the detection of pathogen
yeasts in microbiological analyses.
Su ve Atıksu İdarelerinde Yerli Teknoloji Stratejileri:İSKİ Örneği
Authors: ESEN Adem
Published: December 2018

İthal sanayi ürünlerini
yerlileştirilmek ve orta gelir tuzağını aşmak için sanayi katma değerini 10
yılda iki katına çıkaracak sektörler hükümet tarafından belirlenmiştir. Bu
kapsamda 4734 sayılı yasa ve ilgili yönetmeliklerle yerli üretimlere fiyat avantajı
sağlanmaktadır. İlgili bakanlık tarafından orta ve yüksek sanayi ürünleri
listesi yayınlanmaktadır.

Türkiye, Avrupa Birliği uyum
sürecini takip etmektedir. Bu çerçevede çevre ve kamu alımları fasılları
açılmıştır. Dolayısıyla yerlileşme konusundaki hükümet kararları ile bu
fasıllar arasında bazı çatışmaların yaşanması kaçınılmazdır.

Bu çalışmada su ve atıksu
sektörlerinde İstanbul Su ve Kanalizasyon İdaresi (İSKİ) öncülüğünde yapılan
iki ürün yerlileştirme çalıştayı ele alınmaktadır. Bu çalıştaylarda su ve
atıksu sektörlerinde kullanılan kimyasal, plastik, elektrik-elektronik, makine
elemanları ve teknolojilerinin milli imkanlarla üretilmesine yönelik çalışmalar
yapılmıştır.
Macroeconomic Policy and Agricultural Value Chain in Nigeria
Authors: Iyoboyi Martins , Okereke Samuel Felix , Musa-Pedro Latifah
Published: December 2018

The objective of the paper was to investigate macroeconomic policy and agricultural value chain in Nigeria. The period covered is 1981–2016. The analysis is based on the autoregressive distributed lag framework. A long-run equilibrium relationship was found among the variables used in the investigation. Government expenditure and broad money supply (the macroeconomic policy variables used) were found to have significant positive impact on the agricultural value chain. Energy was found to also have a direct statistically significant impact on agricultural value chain. Based on the results, it is recommended that there should be an enabling macroeconomic policy framework, which gives emphasis to improved budgetary allocation to the agricultural sector, increases money supply, and promotes agencies that can directly impact the level of finance to agricultural value chain related businesses in Nigeria. Above all, electricity supply should be enhanced.
Jam Terbang Dalam Tujuh Hari, Jenis Penerbangan dan Risiko Acute Fatigue Syndrome
Authors: Rahmah Nida Fakhriyyah , Savitri Pritha Maya , Irmarahayu Agneta , Dewi Suzy Yusna
Published: December 2018

Flight Hours Within Seven Days, Flight Type and Risk of Acute Fatigue Syndrome: Fatigue on pilots is a serious problem in aviation safety. Flight hours and flight types may affect the occurrence of acute fatigue complaints on pilots. This study aims to determine the correlation of total flight hours within 7 days and the type of flight with the Acute Fatigue Syndrome risk on civil pilots in Indonesia. The design of this study used cross sectional method on civil pilots at Civil Aviation Medical Center in December 2017 with consecutive sampling as the sample determination technique. Data were collected by interview and questionnaire methods. Respondents were 112 civil pilots of fixed wing aircraft. The study population was all the pilots who conducted medical examination at Civil Aviation Medical Center in December 2017. The results showed that as many as 65 (58%) respondents experienced Acute Fatigue Syndrome, 110 (98.2%) respondents had flight hours ≤ 30 hours within 7 days, 76 (67.9%) respondents have short haul flight type. The result of bivariate analysis with Chi-Square test showed that there was no significant relationship between flying hours within 7 days (p = 0,509) and acute fatigue syndrome and there was significant relationship between flight type (p = 0,018) and acute fatigue syndrome.

Fatigue pada penerbang merupakan masalah serius dalam keselamatan penerbangan. Jam terbang dan jenis penerbangan dapat mempengaruhi timbulnya keluhan kelelahan akut pada penerbang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan jumlah jam terbang dalam 7 hari dan jenis penerbangan dengan risiko Acute Fatigue Syndrome pada penerbang sipil di Indonesia. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional pada penerbang sipil di Balai Kesehatan Penerbangan bulan Desember 2017 dengan teknik penentuan sample yang digunakan adalah consecutive sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode wawancara dan pengisian kuesioner. Responden sejumlah 112 penerbang pesawat sayap tetap. Populasi penelitian adalah semua penerbang yang melakukan medical examination di Balai Kesehatan Penerbangan pada bulan Desember 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 65 responden atau 58% mengalami Acute Fatigue Syndrome, 110 responden atau 98,2% memiliki jam terbang ≤ 30 jam dalam 7 hari, 76 responden atau 67,9% melakukan penerbangan jenis Short Haul. Hasil analisis bivariat dengan uji Chi-Square didapatkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakan / signifikan antara jam terbang dalam 7 hari (p = 0,509) dengan acute fatigue syndrome serta terdapat hubungan yang bermakna / signifikan antara jenis penerbangan (p = 0,018) dengan acute fatigue syndrome.
BIOLOGIA SINTÉTICA APLICADA NA AGROPECUÁRIA, QUÍMICA E FARMÁCIA: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Souza Jean Silva de , Gonçalves Carlos Henrique Souza , Almas Luiz Renato Marques das , Souza Bruna Caroline de , Alberton Odair
Published: December 2018

A biologia sintética é uma ciência que está crescendo em estudos de pesquisas devido à capacidade que tem de criar organismos e micro-organismos vivos que produzam uma função que naturalmente não realizam. Pesquisadores têm se mostrado eficientes na criação de genes em laboratórios por meio do código da vida e sintetizadores, padronizando genomas com um determinado fim. A agronomia, química e farmácia têm sido as grandes áreas que essa ciência vem sendo desenvolvida. Portanto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma pesquisa bibliográfica relatando alguns desenvolvimentos produzidos pelos pesquisadores das áreas afins. Com a biologia sintética foi possível a utilização de bactérias contra células cancerígenas, bactérias que produz biocombustível, assim como antibióticos produzidos por bactérias, entre outros.
Biobriket Limbah Kulit Durian dengan Pencelupan pada Minyak Jelantah
Authors: Efelina Vita , Naubnome Viktor , Sari Dessy Agustina
Published: December 2018

Kulit Durian memiliki potensi sebagai sumber energi terbarukan. Isu tersebut menjadi trending topic bidang energi sebagai solusi kelangkaan minyak bumi dan gas. Kandungan selulosa kulit durian mencapai 64,51% menjadi sumber energi biobriket. Kulit durian menjadi salah satu opsi karena komposisi kulitnya mencapai 60-75%. Kulit durian ini mampu memperbesar densitas dan nilai ekonomis produk yang dihasilkan. Lalu, selain menggunakan kulit durian, peneliti juga melakukan penambahan minyak jelantah yang berperan sebagai pelapis biobriket agar produk sulit mengikat air, kadar air menjadi lebih rendah. Penggunaan lem kanji bertujuan untuk menjaga kerapatan briket sehingga produk tidak mudah hancur. Penelitian ini menggunakan proses karbonisasi kulit durian dengan suhu600oC selama 60 menit. Karbon yang terbentuk digerus, lalu saring dengan pengayak ukuran 100 mesh. Nilai kalor paling tinggi sebesar 5673,367 kal/gram dengan perlakuan mencelupkan ke dalam minyak jelantah. Nilai  kadar abu, kadar air, kadar uap dan fix carbon masing-masing adalah 12,90%, 9,37%, 17,79%, dan 59,94%.
Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban ) terhadap Pertumbuhan Jamur Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Habibi Mohammad Wildan , Setiawan Mohammad Arfi , Ulfa Risa Munika , Istiqomah Lin
Published: December 2018

Aspergillus flavus merupakan jamur yang bersifat aerobik karena memiliki kemampuan untuk tetap hidup jika kondisi medianya dipenuhi oksigen. Jamur mikroskopis ini dapat menghasilkan satu zat tertentu bernama aflatoxin. Ini adalah mikotoksin yang memiliki tingkat dampak toksik yang tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun dari Centella asiatica (L.) Urban terhadap pertumbuhan Aspergillus flavus. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa ekstrak daun pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan jamur Aspergillus flavusdengan Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) pada konsentrasi 0,8%. 
Penentuan Kadar Alkaloid Total pada Ekstrak Bunga Pepaya (Carica papaya L) dengan Metode Microwave Assisted Extraction
Authors: Mukhaimin Iman , Latifahnya Anne Nur , Puspitasari Ernawati
Published: December 2018

Bunga pepaya (Carica papaya L) mengandung senyawa bioaktif alkaloid seperti carpaine, pseudocarpaine dan dehydrocarpaine. Alkaloid tersebut dipercaya bermanfaat untuk sebagai obat antidengue, anti­cancer, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic activities. Pada penelitian ini, bunga pepaya diekstrak menggunakan metode ekstraksi padat-cair menggunakan metode Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) dan ekstraksi cair-cair. Sebelum proses ekstraksi, bunga pepaya dikeringkan dan dikecilkan hingga memiliki ukuran partikel sebesar 0,125 mm. Bunga pepaya yang telah kering diekstraksi menggunakan metanol 80% (v/v untuk menentukan pengaruh waktu ekstraksi (1-5 menit), daya microwave (40, 120, 200, 280 Watt), dan rasio sampel terhadap pelarut ( 1:10 ; 1:15 ; 1:20 b/v) terhadap kadar alkaloid total. Hasil ekstrak menunjukkan hasil positif adanya alkaloid setelah diuji dengan pereaksi Mayer dengan terbentuknya endapan berwarna putih kekuningan. Adapun kadar  alkaloid total  terbesar adalah 0,02981 mg/g sampel dengan kondisi operasi ekstraksi waktu ekstraksi 3 menit, rasio sampel terhadap pelarut 1:10 (m/v) serta daya microwave 40 Watt.
Ege Bölgesi’nde İkinci Ürün Koşullarında Bazı Soya Çeşit ve Hatlarının Verim ve Agronomik Özellikleri ile Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: Yıldırım Aliye , İlker Emre
Published: December 2018

Bu araştırma, Ege Bölgesi‘nde ikinci ürün koşullarında bazı soya çeşit
ve hatlarının verim ve agronomik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla 2015 yılında
Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü araştırma ve uygulama
tarlalarında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada materyal olarak Tarımsal Araştırmalar
ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü
(TAGEM) bünyesindeki araştırma enstitülerince geliştirilmiş olan 10 adet ileri
kademedeki (F9) hat (KASM-03, KASM-02, KANA, KAMA, BDUS-04, BATEM 207, BATEM
223, BATEM 306, BATEM 317, BDSA 05) ve kontrol grubu olarak 4 adet çeşit
(ARISOY, ATAEM-7, BRAVO, NOVA) kullanılmıştır. Deneme tesadüf blokları desenine
göre 4 tekrarlı olacak şekilde kurulmuştur. Araştırma bulgularına göre tane
verimi bakımından KANA (399.83 kg/da), BATEM 317 (389.30 kg/da) ve KAMA (367.18
kg/da) çeşit adaylarının, erkencilik açısından, BRAVO (103.70 gün), ATAEM-7
(104.7 gün) ve ARISOY(106.25 gün) çeşitleri ile KASM 03 (106.50 gün) hattının,
ham yağ
oranı bakımından KASM 02 (%21.93)
ve BATEM 207 (%21.15) çeşit adaylarının, ham protein oranı bakımından ise
ARISOY (%45.87) ve NOVA (%45.86) çeşitlerinin Ege Bölgesi‘nde ikinci ürün
olarak ümitvar genotipler olduğu
anlaşılmıştır.