bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lack of Effect of Gluten Challenge on Fecal Microbiome in Patients With Celiac Disease and Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity
Authors: Nobel Yael R. , Rozenberg Felix , Park Heekuk , Freedberg Daniel E. , Blaser Martin J. , Green Peter H.R. , Uhlemann Anne-Catrin , Lebwohl Benjamin
Published: December 2021

INTRODUCTION:

Celiac disease (CD) may be associated with gut microbial dysbiosis. Whether discrete gluten exposure in subjects with well-controlled disease on a gluten-free diet impacts the gut microbiome is unknown and may have implications for understanding disease activity and symptoms. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate the impact of gluten exposure on the gut microbiome in patients with CD and nonceliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS).

METHODS:

Subjects with CD (n = 9) and NCGS (n = 8) previously on a gluten-free diet were administered a 14-day gluten challenge (5 g of gluten per day) and compared with controls (n = 8) on a usual gluten-containing diet. Stool was collected for fecal microbiome analysis using 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing before, during, and after the gluten challenge. Symptoms were assessed using 2 validated clinical scales.

RESULTS:

Among subjects with CD and NCGS, there were no significant fecal microbial changes in response to gluten challenge. Gut microbiome composition differed among controls, subjects with CD, and subjects with NCGS at baseline, and these differences persisted despite gluten exposure. Gastrointestinal and general health symptoms reported by subjects with CD and NCGS were worst in the middle of gluten challenge and lessened by its end, with no consistent associations with gut microbiome composition.

DISCUSSION:

Pre-existing fecal microbiome diversity was unaffected by gluten challenge in adult subjects with CD and NCGS. These findings suggest that current microbiome status is unrelated to current disease activity and disease severity.
Pädagogik zu Antifeminismus
Authors: Wittenzellner Ulla , Klemm Sarah
Published: December 2021

Ulla Wittenzellner und Sarah Klemm gehen in ihrem Beitrag darauf ein, inwiefern Antifeminismus und Mobilisierungen gegen die Anerkennung vielfältiger geschlechtlicher und sexueller Lebensweisen und Identitäten sich auf pädagogische Settings auswirken, bzw. in pädagogischen Settings besprochen und bearbeitet werden können. Hierbei geht es einerseits um pädagogische Angebote, die sich explizit mit Antifeminismus befassen und eine kritische Auseinandersetzung damit ermöglichen sollen, andererseits um inklusive pädagogische Angebote, die geschlechtliche und sexuelle Vielfalt sowie weitere Vielfaltsdimensionen mitdenken und zu mehr Gleichberechtigung und Entfaltungsmöglichkeiten für alle beitragen können. Die Autorinnen diskutieren dies anhand ihrer Erfahrungen mit (insbesondere) Angeboten der Erwachsenen- und Fachkräftebildung im Rahmen des Modellprojekts »Social Media Interventions!« des Trägers Dissens - Institut für Bildung und Forschung e.V.
Integrierte Stadtentwicklungsplanung
Authors: Heinig Stefan
Published: December 2021

Integrierte Stadtentwicklung bezeichnet einen fach- und akteursübergreifenden Ansatz in der Stadtplanung. Er ist nicht nur ein Schlüsselprinzip in der »Neuen Leipzig Charta«, sondern spiegelt auch die Erwartung zahlreicher zivilgesellschaftlicher Akteur*innen wider. Doch die kommunale Planungspraxis der Städte unterscheidet sich deutlich voneinander. Stefan Heinig bietet Stadtplaner*innen, kommunalen Praktiker*innen anderer Fachdisziplinen sowie zivilgesellschaftlichen Akteur*innen einen Überblick, wie Kommunen Stadtentwicklungsprozesse partizipativ steuern und Stadtentwicklungsplanung strategisch einsetzen können. Dazu beleuchtet er systematisch die methodischen Ansätze und Konzepte und veranschaulicht sie mit Schaubildern und anhand kommunaler Beispiele aus Leipzig und anderen Großstädten.
Vom Ethos in Nachhaltigkeitsberichten
Authors: Heins Sophie
Published: December 2021

Glaubwürdigkeit und Vertrauen sind zentrale Ziele der Kommunikation von Corporate Social Responsibility - der gesellschaftlichen Verantwortungsübernahme von Unternehmen. Nachhaltigkeitsberichte gelten dabei als das wichtigste persuasive Kommunikationsmedium, wobei die Rolle der visuellen Argumentation hierbei noch wenig erforscht ist. Sophie Heins geht in ihrer umfassenden designrhetorischen Studie der Frage nach, mit welchen visuell-rhetorischen Mitteln Glaubwürdigkeit in Nachhaltigkeitsberichten erzeugt wird. Dazu analysiert sie die Wirkungen der Designelemente sowie ihr Zusammenspiel, und stellt visuelle Argumentationsarten vor, die eine neue Sicht auf Nachhaltigkeitsberichte ermöglichen.
Soziale Arbeit und Selbstwirksamkeit
Authors: Zimmermann Sabine
Published: December 2021

Die Entwicklung und Stärkung von Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung und Kompetenzen sowie eine Anregung zur Entwicklung eines beruflichen Selbstkonzepts sind zentrale Ziele der »Schüler*innenfirma«. Sabine Zimmermann diskutiert dieses ganzheitliche und integrative Konzept aus der Perspektive der Sozialen Arbeit und vor dem Hintergrund interaktionistisch-konstruktivistischer, partizipativer und ästhetischer Theorien. Dabei macht sie deutlich, warum die Soziale Arbeit dieses Konzept in ihrem Handlungs- und Methodenrepertoire als ein eigenes Angebot stärker berücksichtigen sollte - insbesondere in der Arbeit mit Kindern und Jugendlichen in sozial benachteiligten Stadtteilen.
Common Image
Authors: Hoelzl Ingrid , Marie Rémi
Published: December 2021

Western humanism has established a reifying and predatory relation to the world. While its collateral visual regime, the perspectival image, is still saturating our screens, this relation has reached a dead end. Rather than desperately turning towards transhumanism and geoengineering, we need to readjust our position within community Earth. Facing this predicament, Ingrid Hoelzl and Rémi Marie develop the notion of the common image - understood as a multisensory perception across species; and common ethics - a comportment that transcends species-bound ways of living. Highlighting the notion of the common as opposed to the immune, the authors ultimately advocate otherness as a common ground for a larger than human communism.
Transformationen des Bildungsbegriffs
Authors: Boenicke Rosemarie
Published: December 2021

Der Aufstieg des Bildungsbegriffs zur Leitkategorie der Moderne tritt zunächst als lebensweltliche Entsprechung zu den Setzungen der Subjektphilosophie auf und konzentriert sich auf die Erweiterung des eigenen Selbst- und Weltbezugs. Mit der Problematisierung subjektphilosophischen Denkens kommt es entsprechend zu Bedeutungsverschiebungen im Begriff der Bildung: Seine Veränderungen lassen sich als Auseinandersetzung mit dieser Herkunft verstehen. Ausgehend von den Schriften von Humboldt, Hegel und Novalis zeigt Rosemarie Boenicke, wie zunehmend Responsivität und Reziprozität zum Thema werden und diese Verschiebungen die aktuelle Entwicklung des Bildungsbegriffs bestimmen.
Die Entstehung der Mediengesellschaft
Authors: Wagner Wolf-Rüdiger
Published: December 2021

Im 19. Jahrhundert erfährt der Kommunikations- und Erfahrungshorizont eine enorme Erweiterung und verändert damit auch die Ansichten von Welt. Vorangetrieben wurde diese Entwicklung durch ein neues Verständnis von Wissenschaft. An die Stelle spekulativer Annahmen traten systematische Beobachtungen und präzise Datenerhebungen. Dabei wuchs den Medien die zentrale Rolle bei der Generierung und Vermittlung von Wissen in allen Bereichen der Gesellschaft zu. In hundert Mediengeschichten aus dem 19. Jahrhundert rekonstruiert Wolf-Rüdiger Wagner anhand zeitgenössischer Stimmen und Berichte den kulturellen und gesellschaftlichen Kontext, in dem die heutige Mediengesellschaft ihren Anfang nahm.
Van Gogh TV's »Piazza Virtuale«
Authors: Baumgärtel Tilman
Published: December 2021

Piazza virtuale by the group of artists known as Van Gogh TV was not only the biggest art project ever to appear on television, but from a contemporary point of view the project was also a forerunner of today's social media. The ground-breaking event that took place during the 100 days of documenta IX in 1992 was an early experiment with entirely user-created content. This is the first book-length study of this largely forgotten experiment: It documents the radicality of Piazza virtuale's approach, the novel programme ideas and the technical innovations. It also allows, via QR codes, direct access to videos from the show, which until now have been inaccessible.
From fishing villages to international tourist destinations: where are the citizens?
Authors: Araujo Cristina Pereira , Abreu Luciano Muniz
Published: December 2021

The present article examines the relationship between tourism, production of space and the role of residents at two hotspot tourist destinations in Brazil: Cabo Frio, located in State of Rio de Janeiro and Porto Seguro, in State of Bahia. The development of the tourist industry in the localities under study occurred at different points in time. In the first, the urbanization process was associated with the acquisition of second homes in the 1950s, while the second, located in the Northeast region of the country, this process emerged in conjunction with the mass tourism industry only in the late 1980s. We hope this research will enhance understanding of the process of urbanization and the configuration of tourism space and the conflicts arising from this in developing countries, notably Latin America. Our methodology employed theories based on those developed by Chesnais (1996, 2005, 2016), Harvey (2005, 2008, 2011, 2014), Santos (2006) and others to explain the production of space in a way that goes beyond the use of historical data and socioeconomic analysis. The initial conclusion was that, despite the differences in the process (mass tourism vs. second homes, development in space and over time and geographical position), the two geographical locations selected presented the same findings: unequal production of space and the exclusion of local populations. The tourism activity investigated in these two case studies thus appears to replicate the current stage of development in Brazil, characterized by inequality and exclusion and reflected in the landscapes of the country’s tourist destinations.
Actos performativos urbanos y territoriales
Authors: Garro Vidal Jimena
Published: December 2021

Por caída y desaparición de circuitos productivos en la historia se produjo en localidades argentinas de menor tamaño, depreciación de áreas pobladas, emigración, abandono, o situación social crítica. Alarmados ante los efectos, organismos y profesionales académicos alertan sobre el desamparo de vínculos identitarios por problemas económicos o fenómeno de la globalización, y organizaciones y gobiernos locales promueven actividades culturales como festivales folclóricos para reactivar economías y vida social de localidades deprimidas. Esta cuestión muestra a actores, procesos y conflictos en la organización y realización de eventos en ciudades, y nos preguntamos qué sucede detrás de estos fenómenos sociales y territoriales, y qué efectos producen. Para Tilcara, ser pórtico de Patrimonio por Unesco significa ser lugar representativo de atractivos naturales-turísticos e histórico-culturales, donde la globalización transformó la exposición y el modo de vivir los espacios públicos festivos por diferentes intereses político-sociales. Estos temas que exploramos desde las teorías de la performatividad, examinamos situaciones que ponen el acento sobre los efectos del hacer. En la actualidad, las teorías de la performatividad han sido tomadas por la geografía humana para repensar la producción social del espacio, por estos motivos trasladamos y reinterpretamos esta noción performativa para dar a luz situaciones poco exploradas en eventos de espacios públicos.
La sociología del acto desviado: la teoría de la anomia y más allá
Authors: Cohen Albert K.
Published: December 2021

Con Estructura social y anomia, Merton da un paso enorme en el camino de la teoría general sobre la conducta desviada. Entre las tareas que aún quedan pendientes podemos enumerar: explicar con mayor claridad las formas en que las experiencias y la adaptación de Alter («otro») afectan la tensión de Ego («yo») y sus posibles soluciones; integrar mejor el hecho de que las conductas desviadas se desarrollan dentro de un proceso de interacción; explorar nuevas formas de conceptualizar este proceso de interacción; e integrar la teoría de la anomia y la teoría de roles de Mead.
Arabic Language Education Program at Islamic Boarding School Ibnul Qoyyim Putri Yogyakarta: Study of Code Mixing, Code Switching, and Interference
Authors: Muhajir  , Karomah Siti
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine code-mixing, code-switching, and Arabic interference in the Arabic language education program at the Ibnul Qoyyim Putri Islamic Boarding School in Yogyakarta. It is based on two arguments; First, code-mixing, code-switching, and language interference are language “diseases” that are sociological and will be hereditary, especially in a particular program. So far, studies on sociolinguistics have separated code-mixing, code-switching, and interference, even though all three are interrelated. This study raises two issues: the forms of code-mixing, code-switching, and interference, and the causes of these three things. This research is qualitative research, with the methods used in this research being observation, interviews, and documentation. While the theory used is Fishman’s sociolinguistic theory of language in a socio-cultural context. The results of this study indicate that; First, code-switching that occurs in Arabic education programs  Pondok Pesantren Ibnul Qoyyim Putri Yogyakarta is a form of code-switching at the word and phrase level, while the code-mixing that occurs is at the word level. The interference that occurs includes phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic interference. Second, code-switching, mixing, and interference in Arabic language education programs are caused by the instructors’ lack of a correct model and inadequate mastery of Arabic theory.
Pattern languages as a design tool to tackle “wicked problems” in sustainability science
Authors: Ricaud Lilian , Thibon Maxime , Marseault Laurent , Chotte Jean-Luc
Published: December 2021

Humanity is facing global and local sustainability challenges that call for the involvement of a wide range of expertise drawn from academia, civil society, the private sector, as well as funding and development agencies. The challenge will be to leverage this diversity to nurture decision
making. To make such discussions successful we propose a pattern language approach. It can be used as a practical step-by-step process to guide interdisciplinary collaboration between researchers and to facilitate transdisciplinary interactions between the academic and nonacademic worlds.
The patterns are documented and freely accessible online in the Sustainable Science Pattern database.
Rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen für KI‑Systeme
Authors: Wilmer Thomas
Published: December 2021

Der Autor stellt die komplexen rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen für künstliche Intelligenz aus den Bereichen des Dateneigentums, des Datenschutzes und des Urheberrechts dar und erläutert, weswegen die unübersichtliche Rechtslage nicht dazu geeignet ist, auf Rechtssicherheit durch neue Regulierungen auf EU‑ oder nationaler Ebene zu hoffen. Stattdessen werden ein Regulierungsrahmen für zulässige Vertragsvereinbarungen sowie dazu passende Control-by-Design-Technikeinstellungen vorgeschlagen.
The Effects of Hyperemesis Gravidarum on the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Values and Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Bayraktar Burak , Balıkoğlu Meriç , Bayraktar Miyase Gizem , Kanmaz Ahkam Goksel
Published: December 2021

This study is aimed at determination whether pregnant women who develop hyperemesis gravidarum in the first trimester have a tendency to develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). It is also aimed at identification of effects of hyperemesis gravidarum and GDM on prenatal and neonatal status in case they were detected together. Hyperemesis gravidarum diagnose was based on the following signs and symptoms. To diagnose GDM, first trimester fasting blood glucose measurement and subsequent blood glucose monitoring and 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were performed in the second trimester. A total of 949 singleton pregnant women (95 with and 852 without hyperemesis gravidarum) who met our criteria were included in the study. In the first trimester, plasma blood glucose and positive GDM screening were found to be significantly higher in the hyperemesis gravidarum group compared to the control group (p=0.042 and p<0.001, respectively). However, actual GDM cases were similar between both groups. The positive predictive value was significantly lower in the hyperemesis gravidarum group (28.5% vs. 72.7%, p=0.003). In the second trimester, the prevalence of GDM was 6.6% in the hyperemesis gravidarum group and 7.3% in the control group, with no significant difference (p=0.218) between-groups. In this study, hyperemesis gravidarum was found to cause changes in maternal metabolism in the first trimester of pregnancy due to limited calorie intake and fasting; in the presence of hyperemesis gravidarum, it should be known that the positive predictive value of first trimester gestational diabetes screening may decrease and the diagnosis of pseudo-GDM may increase.
Supine Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in a Patient with Solitary Lung: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Danacıoğlu Yavuz Onur , Arıkan Yusuf , Akkaş Fatih , Şam Emre , Özlü Deniz Noyan , Emir Nalan Saygı , Atar Feyzi Arda
Published: December 2021

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) surgeries are performed with different patient positions, anesthesia methods and different-sized access sheaths in order to reduce the complication rates. Supine positioned PNL can be performed safely in the high-risk group patients with comorbidities. Herein, we present a patient who had a past surgical history of right pneumonectomy and underwent a supine PNL procedure under regional anesthesia for a staghorn renal stone in the right kidney.
Aristotle’s Refutation of the Eleatic Argument in Physics I.8
Authors: Oki Takashi
Published: December 2021

In this paper, I show that Aristotle’s refutation of the Eleatic argument in Physics I.8 is based on the idea that a thing at the starting point of coming to be is composite and is made up of what underlies and a priva­tion. In doing so, I clarify how the concept of accidentality as used in his solution should be understood in relation to the composite nature of what comes to be. I also suggest an explanation of why Aristotle’s discus­sion of the Eleatic dilemma in Physics I.8, unlike his discussion in the previous chapter, is not clear.
Che cosa riguarda la critica dei farisei in Mt 23,25-26?
Authors: Krzysztofiak Tomasz
Published: December 2021

W Nowym Testamencie faryzeusze ukazywani są zazwyczaj jako wrogowie i nieprzyjaciele Jezusa. Ich prezentacja jest raczej tendencyjna i jednostronna, ograniczona do kwestii kontrowersyjnych. Ewangelie zazwyczaj nie ukazują tego, co było w ich życiu pozytywnego i zgodnego z życiem chrześcijanina. Jezus we fragmencie Mt 23,25-26 nie tyle krytykuje faryzeuszów za to, że respektują reguły czystości rytualnej w życiu codziennym, lecz ukazuje, czym jest grzech w życiu człowieka, nie tylko w życiu faryzeusza, ale każdego. Każdy jest wezwany do tego, aby się nawrócić, zmienić swoją postawę, odrzucić hipokryzję i żyć według zasad Ewangelii. Jezus używa metafory kubka i misy, aby w prosty sposób ukazać swoim słuchaczom, że tak jak w przypadku przedmiotów, których używa się w codzienności, najpierw myje się ich stronę wewnętrzną, a potem zewnętrzną, tak samo w przypadku człowieka, powinien on najpierw oczyścić swoją duszę, a potem pokazać się dobrym wobec innych.
Breaking the Silence about the Animals We Eat
Authors: Koljonen Marianna
Published: December 2021

Some 77 billion terrestrial animals are reared for human consumption globally every year. The moral implications of killing animals for food and the material conditions of these animals in intensive animal agriculture have seldom been discussed in children’s literature. The purpose of this article is to examine how these socially and culturally maintained silences are broken in two Nordic children’s picturebooks, Swedish Älskade lilla gris (Dear Little Pig, 1982) by Ulf Nilsson and Eva Eriksson and Finnish Kinkkulin jouluyllätys (Little Ham’s Christmas Surprise, 2010) by Teija Rekola and Timo Kästämä. The books’ pig protagonists are determined not to die, embodying the dualistic status inherent in the animality of farmed animals; they are subjects and objects, living beings and food-to-become. Further, this article explores the representation of the inherent value of so-called farmed animals and how it can be narrated-to-exist by concepts gleaned from Western animal rights philosophy, especially the capabilities approach by Martha Nussbaum. In the two books, inherent value is expressed in significantly different modes. Älskade lilla gris discusses multispecies families, autonomous animality, and emancipation, whereas Kinkkulin jouluyllätys uses a more traditional mode involving an anthropomorphic animal story, idyllic setting, and humanized subjectivity. Analysis focuses on the representation of nonhuman individuality, agency, sentience, animality, and interaction with humans. Both books present active and sentient individuals with varying degrees of animality. One celebrates its protagonist’s pighood but also contrasts it with the confined conditions of an animal industrial complex. The other employs a human-like pig protagonist on the run from his slaughterer and whose pighood is limited to his appearance and intended use.
Ungdomens poetiska form
Authors: Stenbeck Evelina
Published: December 2021

The Poetic Form of Youth: The Rebellious Power of Language and Desire in the Anthologies Kärlek och uppror and Berör och förstör

Siv Widerberg and Anna Artén’s poetry anthology Kärlek och uppror: 210 dikter för unga människor (Love and Rebellion: 210 Poems for Young People, 1989) is something of a classic when it comes to Swedish contemporary poetry explicitly addressing young readers. Thirty years after its publication another poetry anthology, Berör och förstör: Dikter för unga (Affect and Destroy: Poems for Youth, 2019), edited by Athena Farrokhzad and Kristofer Folkhammar, was published. Both books tap into a long tradition of lyrical anthologies. Neither of the anthologies contain poetry written primarily for young readers. On the contrary, the anthologies include poems from the Swedish lyrical canon. Although the two anthologies share a similar structure and joint themes such as youth, love, poetry, and rebellion, they are significantly different in regard to poetic form and the conceptualizations of youth. The main theoretical perspective in this study is that the form of the anthologized poems can be understood as ideological expressions of an interplay between the genre's tradition and its specific aesthetic context. By historizing the genre and comparing the different paratexts of the anthologies, the article shows that adult conceptions of youth hides behind the editorial choices. In a quest to (re)create new writing subjects, through the rebellious powers of poetic language and love, the symbolic form of youth poetry both challenges and negates adult notions of youth in the two anthologies.
Plagiarism as a Culturally-Motivated Crime
Authors: Grudecki Michał Roman
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the possibility of classifying plagiarism as a culturally motivated crime. Creating works, especially written works, is strongly related to culture as well as to knowledge and skills acquired during education. Therefore, plagiarism can be perceived as a culturally-conditioned act, and, thus, differently perceived depending upon the culture with which the artist identifies themselves. The author juxtapose two legal orders, namely of countries where plagiarism is a crime and those where the failure to mark the authorship of a work results from the customs prevailing in their culture, i.e. societies influenced by Confucian philosophy. The research goal is to raise the hypothesis and determine whether the perpetrator of culturally motivated plagiarism can use one of the tools indicated in criminal law, the so-called cultural defense.
Smoking influence on early and late fetal growth
Authors: Fernandez-Rodriguez Beatriz , Gomez Ana Roche , Jimenez Moreno Blanca Sofia , de Alba Concepción , Galindo Alberto , Villalain Cecilia , Pallás Carmen , Herraiz Ignacio
Published: December 2021

Objectives

Smoking during pregnancy is a leading and modifiable risk factor for fetal growth restriction (FGR) and low birthweight (<10th centile). We studied the effects of smoking in the development of early and late FGR or low birthweight, as well as in uteroplacental and fetoplacental hemodynamics of growth-restricted fetuses.

Methods

Retrospective cohort study of 5,537 consecutive singleton pregnancies delivered at ≤34 + 0 (“early delivery” group, n=95) and >34 + 0 (“late delivery” group, n=5,442) weeks of gestation. Each group was divided into smokers and non-smokers. Prenatal diagnosis of FGR was based on customized fetal growth standards and fetal Doppler, and postnatal birthweight was assessed using the Olsen newborn chart.

Results

There were 15/95 (15.8%) and 602/5,442 (11.1%) smokers in the early and late delivery groups, respectively. In early deliveries, FGR was diagnosed in 3/15 (20%) of smokers and in 20/80 (25%) of non-smokers (p=0.68). We also found no differences in birthweights and hemodynamics. In late deliveres, FGR was detected in 30/602 (5%) smokers and 64/4,840 (1.3%) non-smokers (p<0.001). Birthweights <3rd centile and <10th centile were more common in smokers vs. non-smokers: 38/602 (6.3%) vs. 87/4,840 (1.8%) and 89/602 (14.8%) vs. 288/4,840 (6%), respectively (all p<0.01). Fetal Doppler of late FGR showed slightly higher umbilical artery resistances in smokers.

Conclusions

Smoking in pregnancy is associated with FGR, low birthweight and higher umbilical artery Doppler resistances after 34 weeks of gestation, but we could not confirm this association in earlier deliveries.
Optimization of the TiO2 nanofluid as a coolant in the VVER-1000 nuclear reactor based on the thermal reactivity feedback coefficients via the genetic algorithm
Authors: Kianpour R. , Ansarifar G. R.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study is to display the neutronic simulation of nanofluid application to reactor core. The variations of VVER-1000 nuclear reactor primary neutronic parameters are investigated by using different volume fraction of nanofluid as coolant. The effect of using nanofluid as coolant on reactor dynamical parameters which play an important role in the dynamical analysis of the reactor and safety core is calculated. In this paper coolant and fuel temperature reactivity coefficients in a VVER-1000 nuclear reactor with nanofluid as a coolant are calculated by using various volume fractions and different sizes of TiO2 (Titania) nanoparticle. For do this, firstly the equivalent cell of the hexagonal fuel rod and the surrounding coolant nanofluid is simulated. Then the thermal hydraulic calculations are performed at different volume fractions and sizes of the nanoparticle. Then, using WIMS and CITATION codes, the reactor core is simulated and the effect of coolant and fuel temperature changes on the effective multiplication factor is calculated.

For doing optimization, an artificial neural network is trained in MATLAB using the observed data. The different sizes and various volume fractions are inputs, fuel and coolant temperature reactivity coefficients are outputs. The optimal size and volume fraction is determined using the neural network by implementing the genetic algorithms. In the optimization, volume fraction of 7% and size 77 nm are optimal values.
Review and outlook of the integral test facility PKL III corresponding studies
Authors: Xu H.
Published: December 2021

This paper reviews an important integral test facility (ITF) named PKL (primary loop in German), which is designed based on a 4-loop pressurized water reactor (PWR) with the power 1 300 MWe, and especially concentrates on two aspects: (1) the tests at each developmental period of the facility until 2020, which is a typical microcosm of nuclear safety research; (2) the simulation of the PKL facility tests by using system thermal-hydraulic (STH) codes, especially RELAP5, TRACE and ATHLET. The results from the literature showed that all of these codes could reproduce the accident scenarios on the PKL facility to some extent, and simulate the complex phenomena both in the reactor pressurized vessel (RPV) and in the loops well, except some local phenomena (e. g., peak cladding temperature (PCT)). Furthermore, this paper presents some suggestions on PKL further tests. Especially, the sensitivity studies of initial conditions (ICs) and boundary conditions (BCs), test studies related to Extensive damage mitigation guidelines (EDMGs) and FLEX strategies, anticipated transients without scram (ATWS), detailed core section model, combination with other ITF or separate effects test (SET) facilities, and tests on advanced conception reactors are emphasized.
Blood indices and circulating tumor cells for predicting metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation
Authors: Zhuang Li , Liu Xiang-Yan , Zhu Heng-Kai , Wang Zhuo-Yi , Zhang Wu , Jiang Guo-Ping , Zheng Shu-Sen
Published: December 2021

Objectives

Liver transplantation (LT) can benefit the long-term survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. We hypothesized that circulating tumor cell (CTC) levels and subtypes are intimately associated with metastasis status of HCC patients. This study was designed to test that compositive hematological indices including CTC can provide a prediction of post-LT metastasis.

Methods

Between 2017 and 2018, 37 HCC patients within Hangzhou criteria receiving LT were included for analysis. The 24-month follow-up was mainly conducted by outpatient and telephone. Blood samples were collected, and hematological indices were examined. The outcomes such as PFS, recurrence, metastasis, location of recurrence/metastasis, and number of metastases were recorded.

Results

The follow-up analysis showed that microvascular invasion (MVI) classification at the baseline is associated with metastasis. Next, α-fetoprotein (AFP) level was another useful indicator of postoperative metastasis, especially at the third or fourth month; the protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) level three months after LT was significantly higher for those who had later metastasis. The mesenchymal CTC level at the 45th day was increased for in the metastasis group. Using two-ends Logistic regression, the calculated value MP (metastasis predictor, by above factors). Had an AUC of 0.858 in the ROC curve, with a cutoff value of 0.328.

Conclusions

In conclusion, microvascular invasion, AFP level at the third or fourth month, PIVKA-II level at the third month, and mesenchymal CTC level at day 45 were associated with post-LT metastasis. Using Logistic regression based on above variables, the two-year metastasis can be predicted with satisfactory sensitivity and accuracy.
Broadband high-efficiency near-infrared graphene phase modulators enabled by metal–nanoribbon integrated hybrid plasmonic waveguides
Authors: Ye Longfang , Yuan Kouxiang , Zhu Chunhui , Zhang Yao , Zhang Yong , Lai Kunzhong
Published: December 2021

The phase modulator is a key component in optical communications for its phase modulation functions. In this paper, we numerically demonstrate a variety of ultra-compact high-efficiency graphene phase modulators (GPMs) based on metal–nanoribbon integrated hybrid plasmonic waveguides in the near-infrared region. Benefiting from the good in-plane mode polarization matching and strong hybrid surface plasmon polariton and graphene interaction, the 20 μm-length GPM can achieve excellent phase modulation performance with a good phase and amplitude decoupling effect, a low insertion loss around 0.3 dB/μm, a high modulation efficiency with V
π
L
π
of 118.67 V μm at 1.55 μm, which is 1–3 orders improvement compared to the state-of-the-art graphene modulators. Furthermore, it has a wide modulation bandwidth of 67.96 GHz, a low energy consumption of 157.49 fJ/bit, and a wide operating wavelength ranging from 1.3 to 1.8 μm. By reducing the overlap width of the graphene–Al2O3–graphene capacitor, the modulation bandwidth and energy consumption of the modulator can be further improved to 370.36 GHz and 30.22 fJ/bit, respectively. These compact and energy-efficient GPMs may hold a key to various high-speed telecommunications, interconnects, and other graphene-based integrated photonics applications.
On the Role of Response Styles in the Study of Intraindividual Variability
Authors: Nestler Steffen , Geukes Katharina , Zaun Tobit , Eckes Theresa
Published: December 2021

In a number of psychological disciplines, experience sampling studies are used to investigate when and why individuals vary in their cognitions, feelings, or personality states, to name just a few examples. However, to validly answer such research questions, researchers have to use reliable and valid measures of such intraindividual or within-person variability. Following Baird, Lucas, and Donnellan (2017), the present study uses data from two experience sampling studies to investigate whether response style variability can be assessed in a reliable way, whether variability measures are related to such response styles, and whether it is important to control for response styles in later analyses. We found that individuals differ in their response style variability and that these differences can be reliably assessed. Furthermore, response styles were moderately related to personality indicators, affect, and self-esteem variability. They were not associated with any of the outcome measures, so that most results remained unchanged when controlling for these differences. Nevertheless, our results indicate that researchers should additionally assess response styles when studying phenomena involving intraindividual variability.
Towards a common understanding of food literacy
Authors: Hernandez Kimberley J , Gillis Doris , Kevany Kathleen , Kirk Sara
Published: December 2021

Food literacy is an evolving term fundamental to both health and education.  The concept of food literacy typically has been informed by nutrition-focused thinking, with particular emphasis on food skills.  Moving beyond this traditional focus is necessary to address the demands of consumers navigating today’s complex food environments. Although the term is increasingly recognized, there is no consensus regarding the definition of food literacy or its conceptual dimensions. This paper describes a Food Literacy Conceptual Model that integrates multiple food literacy perspectives and theoretical frameworks.  This Food Literacy Conceptual Model provides an enhanced framework with potential application as a pedagogical tool. As an interdisciplinary approach to food literacy, the conceptual model has the potential to increase teaching and learning effectiveness in the school context through a tailored approach to understanding the core components of this construct. In addition, a learner’s food literacy may increase with the application of this practical and more comprehensive framing in the conceptual model.
The experiment in mathematical education: the escape room
Authors: Mačėnaitė Loreta
Published: December 2021

In this article the use of the educational escape room in the process of teaching mathematics is presented.
Wound management using homemade vacuum dressing, affordable and customized (homemade vac)
Authors: Nsaful Kwesi Okumanin , Gentil Stephane
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) has proved to be very promising in the management of difficult to heal wounds. However, the first reports about the use of negative pressure wound device came from Argenta and Morykwas in the year 1997. Though there are various commercially prepared and manufactured vacuum assisted closure dressing materials, these are often unavailable or unaffordable to patients in third world countries. Our “homemade” vacuum dressing has been found to be, affordable for our patients and most importantly effective in wound management. Materials and methods : The homemade Vacuum Assisted closure dressing was used for the management of some wounds which presented at our centre. These wounds were irrigated and thoroughly debrided. Our homemade vacuum assisted closure dressings were subsequently applied. Results: The wounds healed well with good granulation tissue. Subsequent split thickness skin graft (SSG) done had very good take. The VAC dressing often resulted in good wound contraction with no need for SSG. Conclusion: In our practice our “home made” vacuum which was affordable and customized proved to be effective in wound management.
Відеосистеми реального часу з елементами штучного інтелекту
Authors: Боюн Віталій Петрович
Published: December 2021

У доповіді наведено найвагоміші результати робіт у галузі штучного інтелекту та його застосування для відеосистем реального часу як одного з пріоритетних напрямів діяльності Інституту кібернетики ім. В.М. Глушкова НАН України. Відзначено актуальність і високий рівень наукових досліджень, пов’язаних з розробленням теоретичних основ динамічної теорії інформації як бази для створення систем реального часу, інтелектуальних відеосистем з використанням принципів функціонування сітківки ока людини, а також важливість їх впровадження в галузі національної безпеки і оборони, у промисловості, робототехніці, медицині, на транспорті.
Factores que afectan la calidad de semillas y el potencial productivo de la cebolla (Allium cepa L.)
Authors: Pacheco José Daniel , Torres Duilio Gilberto , Queralez Pastora Josefina , Valera Merlo Rosario , Álvarez Orozco Sorianny , García Orellana Yelitza
Published: December 2021

La calidad fisiológica de la semilla garantiza óptimos rendimientos de cultivo.  En la Escuela de Posgrado de Agronomía de la Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado (UCLA), estado Lara, Venezuela, se estudiaron los factores que inciden en la calidad de semillas de Allium cepa L.  En el estudio se evaluaron la calidad fisiológica, microbiota con potencial fitopatógeno y metabolitos secundarios en cuatro materiales comerciales de semillas de cebolla (Allium cepa L.): Texas 438 identificados como TX1 y TX2, y Yellow Granex YG1 y YG2.  Para las pruebas de vigor se realizó el conteo de germinación, porcentaje de emergencia (PE), celeridad de emergencia (VE), índice de celeridad de emergencia (IVE), además de una prueba de viabilidad con tetrazolio (Tz).  La microbiota fue determinada por incubación en medio de cultivo para hongos y bacterias y los metabolitos secundarios fueron determinados por cromatografía de capa fina.  Para las evaluaciones de germinación, emergencia e identificación de patógenos se dispusieron cuatro repeticiones de 100 semillas cada una.  Los resultados mostraron que el porcentaje de germinación de los materiales evaluados estaba por debajo de los estándares internacionales (80%), la germinación fue afectada por las condiciones de almacenamiento que influyeron en la de viabilidad de las semillas, lo cual se reflejó en el estado fitosanitario con presencia de Aspergillus sp., A. niger, Rhizopus, Fusarium, Mucor, Penicillum y algunas bacterias.  Los metabolitos secundarios presentes (fenoles y flavonoides) desempeñaron un papel fundamental en la defensa contra la microbiota presente, encontrando valores altos de los mismos en las semillas con menor cantidad de patógenos.
Identificación de aislados de Phytophthora spp. obtenidos de cultivos de cacao en Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Palacios Bejarano Carlos Andrés , Afanador Kafuri Lucía , Pardo García Juán Manuel
Published: December 2021

Con el objetivo de identificar las especies de Phytophthora asociadas a la mazorca negra y al cáncer del tallo del cacao en Antioquia, Colombia, se realizó la caracterización e identificación morfológica y molecular de 120 aislados de Phytophthora spp. obtenidos de mazorcas, tallos y muestras de suelo en 11 municipios de este departamento. Se evaluaron caracteres morfológicos en esporangios y clamidosporas, la formación de estructuras sexuales, el patrón y la tasa de crecimiento de las colonias y las temperaturas cardinales. La identificación molecular se llevó a cabo mediante PCR convencional con cebadores género-específicos y qPCR. Los 120 obtenidos se identificaron como Phytophthora, 119 como P. palmivora y la cepa CH6-3S no coincidió con ninguna especie de Phytophthora previamente reportada como patógena de cacao. Un modelo de escalamiento multidimensional basado en atributos morfológicos mostró una amplia diversidad en el tamaño y forma de los esporangios (ocho morfotipos); sin embargo, la variabilidad de los aislados fue baja (17 %) y los subgrupos formados no mostraron relación con las localidades, ni con el tipo de tejido de donde se obtuvieron.
Sucrose, salicylic acid and citric acid solutions to extent vase life of Vriesea incurvata Gaudich. (Bromeliaceae) floral scapes
Authors: Pulido Edwin , Negrelle Raquel Rejane , Cuquel Francine Lorena
Published: December 2021

Vriesea incurvata is a native bromeliad from Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest and commercialized as an ornamental pot plant. The morphological characteristics of its floral scape may also indicate it as a new product to use as a cut flower. However, its postharvest behavior was unknown. This study was conducted to determine its vase life by applying distilled water (control) and solutions containing sucrose (50 g L-1), salicylic acid (50 μM), and citric acid (50 g L-1) for periods of 8 and 24 h. Floral scapes maintained in solutions showed vase life greater than 16 days when compared to the control (distilled water). However, solutions with sucrose evidenced the best behaviors related to the maintenance of physiological and aesthetic features during the vase life of the floral scapes. It is concluded that solutions with sucrose, salicylic acid, and citric acid applied for 8 and 24 h extend the vase life of the V. incurvata floral scapes. Sucrose applied for 8 h promotes the maintenance of color, brightness, and turgidity; improves water balance, and reduces the relative fresh weight losses of floral scapes throughout the vase life, extending their longevity up to 24 days.
Evaluación agronómica de introducciones de lulo Solanum quitoense Lamarck
Authors: Duarte Alvarado David Esteban , Lagos Burbano Tulio César , Vallejo Cabrera Franco Alirio , Lagos Santander Liz Katherine
Published: December 2021

El lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) es un frutal promisorio debido a su alta demanda y una alternativa para desarrollar cultivos a nivel empresarial; sin embargo, problemas fitosanitarios como Fusarium oxysporum limitan el potencial productivo de la especie y genera pérdidas económicas significativas a los agricultores. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar 57 introducciones de lulo por su reacción a F. oxysporum y componentes de rendimiento. Las introducciones de lulo se sembraron en una localidad del municipio de La Florida, departamento de Nariño, Colombia, con historial de epidemias causadas por F. oxysporum. De cada introducción se sembraron cinco plantas a 2.5 m entre ellas y 3 m entre surcos. Las variables evaluadas se sometieron al Análisis de Componentes Principales y Clasificación Jerárquica. Para seleccionar las mejores introducciones se aplicó un índice de selección formado por variables de mayor importancia. Los primeros cuatro componentes principales explicaron el 82.4 % de la variación total. Según el Análisis de Clasificación, el primer grupo presentó los promedios más bajos en cuanto a mortalidad por F. oxysporum (MFo). El segundo grupo mostró niveles más altos de MFo y más bajos en los componentes de rendimiento. El tercer grupo se caracterizó por tener promedios superiores en los componentes de rendimiento y sólidos solubles totales (SST) y el grupo cuatro por el promedio más bajo de Neoleucinodes elegantalis. Las introducciones seleccionadas 15C, 22A, 37A y 35A se definieron por presentar los promedios más altos en rendimiento, peso de fruto, SST y por ser resistentes a F. oxysporum.
Efectos del cadmio sobre la germinación y crecimiento inicial de cinco variedades de Oryza sativa L. cultivadas en Ecuador
Authors: Pernía Beatriz , Añazco Karen , Mero Mariuxi , Mayía Yerimar , Cobos Patricio
Published: December 2021

El cadmio es un metal pesado tóxico que afecta el crecimiento y la productividad de las plantas. En Ecuador se ha demostrado que existe contaminación por este metal en suelos agrícolas. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar los efectos del cadmio sobre la germinación y crecimiento inicial de cinco variedades de Oryza sativa L. cultivadas en Ecuador con la finalidad de identificar la tolerancia general al Cd de los diferentes cultivares. Se expusieron semillas de las variedades ‘INIAP-11’, ‘INIAP-14’, ‘INIAP-FL-Arenillas’, ‘INIAP-FL-Cristalino’ y ‘SFL-011’ a diferentes concentraciones de cadmio (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 y 8 mg.L-1 Cd) durante ocho días y se determinó el porcentaje de mortalidad, el porcentaje de germinación (PG), el tiempo y la velocidad media de germinación (TMG-VMG), la longitud de la radícula e hipocótilo y se evaluó el efecto del metal mediante el cálculo del índice de tolerancia (IT), índice integral de fitotoxicidad (IIF) y la concentración inhibitoria media (CI50). El Cd no afectó el PG, TMG ni la VMG. Hubo una correlación inversamente proporcional entre la concentración de cadmio y la longitud de las radículas (P < 0.05). La variedad más tolerante fue ‘SFL-011’ con un IC50 de 4.02 mg.L-1, y se observó estímulo de crecimiento inicial a bajas concentraciones de Cd, reflejado en un IIF negativo y un IT superior a 1. La variedad ‘SFL-011’ fue la más tolerante al Cd, seguida por ‘INIAP-FL-Arenillas’. La longitud de las radículas es un parámetro que podría utilizarse como bioindicador de la contaminación con cadmio en las variedades de arroz.
Análisis de rachas de lluvia para el manejo de cultivos de caña, Saccharum officinarum, en el valle del río Cauca, Colombia
Authors: Chica Ramírez Héctor Alberto , Bravo Bastidas Juan José , Peña Quiñones Andres Javier
Published: December 2021

Las condiciones ecuatoriales del valle del río Cauca determinan que sea posible sembrar y cosechar caña de azúcar durante todo el año. Es decir, no hay fechas definidas de siembra y cosecha, a diferencia de lo que sucede en otros países (zafra). En este escenario, las lluvias, además de impactar la producción vía efectos fisiológicos y epidemiológicos, determinan la probabilidad de ejecución de labores mecanizadas. Labores mecanizadas aplazadas (o no ejecutadas), por efecto de alta humedad en el suelo, afectan la producción. Tal afección de la productividad se debe al asincronismo entre el momento idóneo para realizar una labor y el momento en que esta se ejecuta. Se plantea el análisis descriptivo de dos indicadores climáticos mensuales derivados de los datos diarios de precipitación y el análisis probabilístico de uno de ellos, para priorizar actividades de manejo agrícola in situ. El análisis probabilístico se basó en la parametrización de un modelo binomial negativo truncado en cero para cada mes y para cada zona climática de la región bajo análisis. Los resultados muestran que la longitud media de la racha y el número medio de rachas de cada mes y de cada zona varían de forma importante. En ese sentido, los valores medios de estas variables en las dos zonas más lluviosas de la región difieren notablemente, determinando manejos diferenciales para la caña de azúcar, cultivo de importancia máxima para la economía regional.