bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Pomological and Chemical Properties of Naturally Growing Hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) Genotypes
Authors:   Usak University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Uşak, Turkey, Melda Çolak Ayşen , Alan Fatma ,   Ankara University, Kalecik Vocational School, Department of Plant and Animal Production, Ankara, Turkey
Published: February 2025

Hawthorn (Crataegus spp.), a wild fruit whose consumption has increased in recent years, is abundant in Turkey’s ecology. This fruit is particularly important due to its aroma, color, partial taste formation, and antimicrobial effects. The aim of this study was to determine some pomological and chemical characteristics of hawthorn fruits collected from Ankara Province and the districts of Melikgazi, Hacılar, and Sarız in Kayseri Province during 2022-2023. The pomological characteristics of the selected hawthorn genotypes included fruit weight, fruit width, fruit length, and seed weight, while the chemical characteristics examined were pH, soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), vitamin C, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, antioxidant capacity (measured by DPPH), and anthocyanin content. The study found that the maximum fruit weight was 2.80 grams, with a fruit width of 18.80 mm and a fruit length of 16.01 mm. The seed weight was 0.99 grams. Regarding chemical characteristics, the pH was 3.91, titratable acidity was 2.5%, soluble solids content (SSC) was 14.3%, and the vitamin C content was 71.03 mg/100 g. The total phenolic content was 773.32 µg GAE/100 g, while the total flavonoid content was 23.87 mg CE/100 g. The antioxidant activity was determined to be 74.40%, and the anthocyanin content was found to be 1.11 μg cy-3-glu/g TA.
Iluminasi Mushaf Al-Qur’an Gunung Pring Sebagai Cerminan Seni dan Budaya Lokal
Authors: Jamilan Muhamad , Saifudin Ahmad , Rosowulan Titis
Published: February 2025

This study aims to reveal the symbolic meaning and aesthetic value in the illumination of the Gunung Pring Qur'anic Mushaf as a reflection of local art and culture. Through an in-depth analysis of the motifs, colors, and composition of the illuminations, this research seeks to identify the influence of local art and culture on the development of Islamic art in the region. The research method used is descriptive qualitative based on the field of philological studies with semiotic and estetic approaches. The results show that the illumination of the Mushaf Al-Qur'an Gunung Pring is characterized by the use of local flora and fauna motifs as well as harmonious color combinations. These motifs contain symbolic meanings related to nature, life, and religious values of the local community. There are also influences of art styles from various regions, such as Persia and India, mixed with local elements. In conclusion, the illumination of the Mushaf Al-Qur'an of Gunung Pring is a representation of the combination of universal Islamic art with the peculiarities of local culture, so that it becomes a cultural heritage of high value and needs to be preserved.
BEHAVIOR OF AXIAL ELECTRON DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION DEPENDING ON THE DIMENSION OF THE PENNING CELL WITH METAL HYDRIDE CATHODES
Authors: Sereda I.M. , Hrechko Ya.O. , Azarenkov M.O.
Published: February 2025

The behavior of axial electron distribution function is experimentally studied at different anode radius in the hydrogen plasma of Penning discharge in case of single or double metal hydride cathodes using. A significant decrease in axial electron energy was discovered at a larger anode radius and at the double metal hydride cathodes
using. The influence of changes in the energy of oscillating electrons on the efficiency of negative ions formation has been considered.
POWER ENHANCEMENT OF THE SOURCE OF BREMSSTRAHLUNG X-RAY RADIATION BASED ON A HIGH CURRENT PULSED ELECTRON ACCELERATOR “TEMP-B”
Authors: Batrakov A.B. , Onishchenko I.N. , Fedotov S.I. , Glushko E.G. , Rak O.L. , Zinchenko A.O.
Published: February 2025

Enhancement of the bremsstrahlung X-ray radiation (BSXR) power generated by the high-current relativistic electron beam (REB) of a pulsed direct-action accelerator “TEMP-B” is being curried out to use in particular for studying the radiation resistance of walls material of radioactive waste containers. For this the magnetic field in which REB is transported in the drift chamber is taken higher at some distance before the converter to provide REB
diameter on the converter the same as in the drift chamber. Scheme of power supply and creation of the required magnetic field for the REB current transportation through the whole distance from the diode to the converter is developed. Higher BSXR dose per REB current pulse at the same energy resource is obtained.
A Descriptive Study on Teachers’ Instructions in Teaching English During Covid-19 Pandemic At Islamic Elementary School
Authors: Inayah Arin , Dimas Priagung Banar Syahputra
Published: February 2025

Teaching English in Elementary school is hard. It is because there is no special English teacher whose scientific field is English. The students are taught by the classroom teacher. Furthermore, the facilities and environment in the process of teaching English is limited. To understand the elementary students in teaching and learning English, the teachers must be more creative and fun in giving material and make comfortable classroom. Before teaching, the teacher should prepare all needed in teaching and learning process, especially instructional giving to the students. This study aims to describe about the teachers’ instruction in teaching English during the Era of Covid-19 Pandemic at Islamic Elementary School of Tarbiyatus Sibyan, Srono-Banyuwangi. This study is descriptive qualitative research design which is describing the teaching and learning process about how the teachers are giving instruction in teaching English during Covid-19 pandemic. During the classroom activities, the teachers give clear instruction. After giving the instruction, the teachers ensure all students notice and understand all instruction given by the teachers. The teachers use suitable time in delivering the material. By choosing suitable time, the teachers can easy in delivering the material. When giving the instructions, the teachers give clear instructions by using easy language to be understood by the students. After giving the instruction, the teachers check the students understanding by giving feedback in the form of instruction given.
Studi Analisis Karakter Gaya Hidup Pendidikan Mahasiswa di Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Indari  , ST. Fatimah  , Dalilah
Published: February 2025

The problem of reality that occurs in a group of students who are studying at a State University. Students have different characters due to the environment around them. Environmental factors such as student habits in coffee shops. Starbucks Coffee which is one of the coffee shops that provides expensive prices only for drinks or snacks, not only that, Starbucks is also identical to a group of exclusive people, especially high-class executives. But a group of students who also consume drinks or snacks at Starbucks Coffee. If you see it yourself at Starbucks Coffee, it is not so obvious that there is a group of students at Starbucks. Therefore, the problem of research on the lifestyle of students when they are at Starbucks Coffee. Qualitative research methods with an interpretive paradigm that specifically uses his main theory from Thorstein Veblen about the leisure class and his supporting theory about the consumer society from Jean Baudrillard. In this writing, the social reasons for following a relaxed lifestyle as done by the leisure class at Starbucks Coffee began with an invitation from his friends, until they admitted that it had become a daily activity that had to be done. So that a group of students gave a statement that the taste given was very good and the atmosphere was very comfortable. For economic reasons, students with the pocket money they get are enough to buy drinks and snacks even though they also admit that the prices given are expensive and not comparable. Therefore, these students enjoy their relaxed lifestyle and the emergence of high consumption. The relaxed lifestyle that occurs in the group of students who enjoy Starbucks coffee is the same as the leisure class. Because it is still unclear what group of students with what criteria to be included in the group of students who enjoy a relaxed lifestyle at Starbucks.
Analisis Perangkat Pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial di SMP Kabupaten Jombang
Authors: Ajeng Eka Prastuti
Published: February 2025

This study aims to determine the content analysis of the components of social studies learning devices used by teachers, the results of social studies learning devices based on the standards set in Jombang Regency. The design of this study uses quantitative descriptive content analysis consisting of 5 stages. Data collection techniques with questionnaires and documentation studies of social studies teachers in Jombang Regency. This study is based on Berelson's (1952) content analysis theory, content analysis as a research technique that studies and analyzes systematically, objectively and quantitatively the messages that appear. Researchers do not find new theories, but only implement the theory to achieve results that are in accordance with the formulation of the problem. The results of this study indicate that teachers have understood the steps of designing lesson plans along with the indicators that must be included, where this was obtained from the results of the analysis of lesson plans conducted by researchers using an item scale based on Ministerial Regulation Number 22 of 2016, the item scale based on the Ministerial Regulation can also be used as a guideline for analysis in researchers in the future, the results of the analysis of lesson plans based on the guidelines obtained the category "Very Complete" with the acquisition of class VII semester I with a percentage of 88.6%, class VII semester II with a percentage of 93.3%, class VIII semester I with a score of 92.3% and class VIII semester II with a score of 91.9%, the components that are less appropriate are learning objectives, learning media and learning resources, on average have similarities to the previous lesson plans so that they are less appropriate if applied to different materials, the tools obtained from the MGMP forum can be used as a guideline by teachers in preparing lesson plans.
Digital transformation in the judicial system: difficulties and prospects
Authors: Atalykova G. Sh.
Published: February 2025

The article «Digital Transformation in the Judicial System: Challenges and Prospects» examines the impact of digital transformation on modern litigation. In the context of the rapid development of information technologies and their introduction into various spheres of society, the judicial system is under pressure to adapt to new realities. The article analyzes the challenges that courts face in implementing digital technologies, such as ensuring data security, maintaining transparency and accessibility of justice, as well as problems associated with digital inequality. At the same time, the potential prospects opened by digital transformation are being considered, including improving the efficiency of trials, improving the availability of justice for citizens and the possibility of developing innovative management methods and resolving legal issues. The article calls for a deeper study and discussion of this topic in order to develop effective strategies for the digital development of judicial systems.
Anti-terrorism activities: forensic support for law enforcement agencies and special services
Authors: Aliyev B. A.
Published: February 2025

The article examines the challenges associated with providing forensic support for the operations of law enforcement agencies and specialized services in combating terrorism. The author highlights the significance of adopting a systematic approach to investigating and preventing terrorist activities, particularly through the advancement and application of contemporary forensic methodologies, tools, and technologies. The need for a centralized approach to coordinating anti-terrorist activities and improving interaction between investigative and operational units is discussed. Particular attention is paid to the role of forensic science in equipping the practice of combating crime, including training specialists, developing a unified methodology and effective use of technical means. The article emphasizes key areas for enhancing forensic support, including elevating the role of forensic registration, formulating action algorithms tailored to specific scenarios, formalizing operational intelligence, and establishing a unified system for documenting terrorist acts. The author proposes the creation of a coordination bureau with scientific and methodological functions, popularization of best practices and the organization of specialized courses in forensic science for training employees. The need for an integrated approach to training and implementation of forensic knowledge is emphasized in order to increase the effectiveness of the fight against terrorism.
A reliable barrier to criminal manifestations
Authors: Tursynbekova S. P.
Published: February 2025

In modern conditions of globalization, crime, having gone beyond national systems, has become a matter of concern for the entire world community, including Kazakhstan. It is well known that it is not possible to minimize crime by criminal law measures alone. The main role here is assigned to preventive measures involving all subjects of crime prevention, whose activities do not achieve their goals and objectives. That is why, in order to increase efficiency, the authorized bodies are currently conducting normative work to review existing approaches in this area. In this regard, the author of the article gives an assessment of existing legislative and organizational and administrative preventive measures, as well as presents criminological characteristics of crime. Based on the analysis of statistical data and the current crime prevention system, the author of the article suggests a number of measures to improve legislation in the field of prevention. The results obtained could be useful in norm-setting activities and updating theoretical approaches in the field of crime prevention.
Chinese Music Through the Prism of Ethnophilosophy
Authors: Mengtian Jia , Nikolaevna Ulyanova Larisa , Veniaminovna Tarirova Alena , Alexandrovna Kachalova Angelika
Published: February 2025

Introduction: This article describes the basic aesthetic orientation and cultural characteristics of Chinese musical culture. It examines the origin of Chinese musical culture and the process of its development from a philosophical point of view, and presents the Chinese national philosophical thought embedded in Chinese musical culture in the context of modern society.
 
Objective: The purpose of this paper is to clarify the internal dynamics and basic characteristics of the lineage of Chinese musical culture during its emergence, development and exchange from the perspective of ethnophilosophy.
 
Theoretical Framework:Based on the cognition of music through ancient Chinese philosophical thought, this paper
1) proposes the ideological connotation and aesthetic foundation of the origin of Chinese musical culture
2）uses the time division between ancient Chinese music and modern Chinese music to examine Chinese musical culture at different stages of development
3) explores the internal thought of the development and inheritance of Chinese music in the context of modern society from the perspectives of cultural mixing and cultural influence.
 
Method: This research was completed by adopting research methods such as textual analysis, generalization, and classification.
 
Results and Discussion:Through the exploration of the origin of Chinese music culture and the cultural characteristics of different development processes, we will clarify the meaning and specific presentation of the national philosophical thought of “harmony and difference” as the root of Chinese music culture.
 
Research Implications: From the perspective of national philosophy, the internal motive of the development of Chinese musical culture has been clarified, and it is a more characteristic research perspective for sorting out the complete lineage of Chinese musical culture. At the same time, it provides a more positive direction for the development of modern Chinese musical culture.
 
Originality/Value: This paper innovates from the perspective of national philosophy, analyzes and examines the characteristics and actual presentation of Chinese musical culture in different periods, extracts the causes of the main body from the object phenomenon, and establishes an effective correlation between musicology and philosophy.
Input and Output-Based Activities to Engage Primary School Students in Learning English
Authors: Falah Irfan Fajrul , Apsari Yanuarti , Kusumah Rita , Usamah Asep , Sari Agatha Kristi Pramudika
Published: February 2025

Objectives: Student engagement is a crucial factor in successful learning. This study aims to investigate the impact of integrating input- and output-based activities on student engagement in learning English. It explores students' perceptions of these activities and identifies the challenges they face, particularly in relation to emotional and psychological factors. The research focuses on primary school students, an area that has received limited attention in previous engagement studies.
 
Methods: A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving 28 primary school students. Quantitative data was collected through questionnaires, while qualitative data was gathered from classroom observations and interviews. This combination of methods provided a comprehensive understanding of how input- and output-based activities influence engagement and the students' responses to these learning strategies.
 
Results: The findings indicate that the integration of input- and output-based activities enhances student engagement in English learning. This is reflected in increased enthusiasm, motivation, and classroom interaction. Additionally, most students expressed positive perceptions of these activities, highlighting their effectiveness in making learning more interactive and enjoyable. However, challenges were also identified, including students’ initial difficulty in adjusting to the new learning approach and affective barriers such as shyness and fear of making mistakes.
 
Conclusion: The study suggests that input- and output-based activities play a significant role in promoting engagement in language learning. However, addressing affective factors is essential to maximize learning outcomes. Educators should implement strategies to support students in overcoming psychological barriers, ensuring a more inclusive and effective learning environment.
The Possibility of Applying the Indicators of the Development of Archaeological Tourism: A Field Study in the Archaeological Site of Urban
Authors: Karim Yasmine Abdel , Abbas Jarjess Omair , Hammadi Wesal Faisal
Published: February 2025

Objectives: The research seeks to clarify the role of archaeological tourism development indicators in contributing to the establishment of an integrated tourism infrastructure for the archaeological site of Hatra. It examines various indicators, including transportation, restaurants and rest houses, cleanliness, reception, tourist security, accessibility, and tourism promotion. These indicators were identified by researchers during an exploratory field visit to the study area. The research is based on the problem of whether these indicators are available at the archaeological site of Hatra. To address this, a main hypothesis was proposed: "Do the indicators of archaeological tourism development vary among the respondents?"
 
Methods: To verify the hypothesis, a questionnaire was designed and distributed to a sample of 230 respondents. The study utilized statistical analysis to evaluate the collected data and determine the significance of the indicators in the development of archaeological tourism at the site of Hatra. The responses provided insight into the perceptions of the surveyed individuals regarding the availability and effectiveness of these indicators.
 
Results: The study found that tourism marketing is a vital element that significantly contributes to enhancing the national economy and increasing national income. Effective promotion of tourist areas attracts a larger number of tourists from around the world, leading to increased tourist spending and substantial financial returns. Additionally, tourism marketing plays a crucial role in improving the host country's international image, strengthening cultural relations, and encouraging investment in tourism infrastructure and services. The statistical analysis also highlighted the importance of the adopted indicators in developing archaeological tourism at Hatra. The respondents demonstrated a high level of agreement on the necessity of these indicators, emphasizing the need for sustainable and effective tourism development strategies.
 
Conclusion: The study confirms the widespread awareness of the importance of the archaeological site of Hatra and the necessity of its development. The strong agreement among respondents reflects both social and administrative acceptance of the proposed initiatives, supporting ongoing efforts to preserve the archaeological heritage of Hatra and position it as a distinguished tourist destination. The findings reinforce the importance of sustainable tourism development and strategic investment in infrastructure to enhance the site's appeal to visitors.
Enhancing the Management of Electronic Evidence in Ukraine's Criminal Justice System: Future Prospects
Authors: Moisieiev Mykhailo , Vitalii Kapuliak , Udovenko Vladislav , Ovcharenko Ruslan , Voloshanivska Tetiana
Published: February 2025

Objectives: This article aims to assess the current practices surrounding the management of electronic evidence in Ukraine's criminal justice system and to propose actionable strategies for improvement.
 
Methods: The research employs a qualitative approach, including a thorough review of existing legislation, analysis of case law, and interviews with legal practitioners, law enforcement officials, and IT specialists. Comparative analysis with international standards and practices was also conducted to identify gaps and opportunities for enhancement.
 
Results: The study reveals several critical challenges in the management of electronic evidence, including insufficient legal frameworks, inadequate training for personnel, and technological limitations. Despite these challenges, there are notable examples of successful practices from other countries that could be adapted to the Ukrainian context, such as standardized protocols for evidence collection and preservation.
 
Conclusion: The article concludes that enhancing the management of electronic evidence is essential for the integrity and effectiveness of Ukraine's criminal justice system. By implementing comprehensive reforms, including updated legislation, targeted training programs, and the adoption of best practices from other jurisdictions, Ukraine can significantly improve the handling of electronic evidence, thereby strengthening the overall justice process.
A Comprehensive Analysis: Depression in Adolescents and Young Adults with Leukemia: A Systematic Review
Authors:   MD-4 Students, Rolle Chelsea ,   Saint James School of Medicine, Arnos Vale, St. Vincent & the Grenadines.
Published: February 2025

This study focuses on the prevalence of depression among patients suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). These two forms of leukemia most commonly affect our target population: adolescents and young adult leukemia survivors (AYA-LS) – a population defined as individuals diagnosed with leukemia between the ages of 12 to 39 years old.

Although current literature has employed various assessment tools to evaluate comorbidities like depression and anxiety among LS, these measures have limitations. Such limitations include potential assessment bias stemming from oncologists’ focus on pathology and psychiatrists’ inability to address the distinct suffering experienced by this population fully. For this reason, this study recognizes the age-specific differences in cancer, particularly those diagnosed at a young age. Thus, emphasizing the importance of tailored approaches to address the mental health needs of AYA-LS. This consolidation and review of research holds the potential to advance support and intervention strategies, ultimately enhancing the mental health and overall quality of life for young adult leukemia survivors.

This study relies on electronic databases such as EBSCOhost, the British Journal of Cancer, PubMed, Google Scholar, and publications from the Saint James School of Medicine (SJSM).
The Net Financial Position: Doctrine Compared
Authors:   Full Professor in Business Administration Management Department- Ca’Foscari Venezia S. Giobbe – Cannaregio 873- 30121 Venezia (Italy), Silvia Avi Prof. Maria
Published: February 2025

The net financial position of a firm represents an information item concerning the financial situation of a firm. This value provides valuable information about the financial balance or imbalance of firms. This figure is very useful on an informational level only if the reader knows its exact composition. Regarding this issue, doctrinaire positions vary and sometimes present very significant diseases. For such a posture to be used effectively to manage the enterprise and to understand its business situation, it is necessary to understand its content and composition. The net financial position of an enterprise represents an informative element concerning the financial crisis of an enterprise. This value provides valuable information about the financial balance or imbalance of companies. This figure is instrumental on an informative level -only if the reader knows its exact composition. Regarding this issue, doctrinaire positions vary and sometimes present very significant diseases. For such mail to be used effectively to manage the enterprise and to understand its business situation, it is necessary to understand its content and composition
Production, Export and Import of Cars in the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors:   PhD student of the Department of Green Economy, TSUE, kizi Abdukhamidova Maftuna Tursunali
Published: February 2025

Exports play a significant role in the national economy and contribute to the growth of GDP. Given that Uzbekistan is involved in the production of vehicles, this industry also has the potential to enhance the state's economic performance. This is the focus of this paper. Additionally, it discusses strategies for increasing exports of domestically manufactured vehicles and entering the global market.
Comparison of Iron-Based Supplements and their Possible Use in Adjuvant Therapy in Oncology Patients
Authors:   Biologist Freelancer, 56022 Castelfranco di Sotto (Pisa), Via dei lazzeri, 33, Italy, Riccardi Bruno , Resta Sergio ,   Surgeon, Specialist, Freelancer, 53043 Chiusi (SI), Via Montegrappa, Italy, Resta Giacomo ,   Student at the Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Perugia, Italy
Published: February 2025

The study of iron metabolism is one of the most widespread topics in medical literature, where it is treated with different approaches and methods and
with different protocols. This depends on the particular chemical-physical properties of iron, which make it an element that is difficult to manage both as
a chemical substance and as an element that, although physiologically essential, has limited therapeutic margins. In this study we discuss extensively the
chemical aspects of iron, and the metabolic activities in which it participates as an essential biological element. Its necessity and diffusion in all fundamental
biological processes, which we recall in this work, has stimulated the search for various forms of delivery and administration, which would make it more
easily manageable.The aim of this article is to compare the various formulations and technologies with which it is proposed on the market, and in particular
to present our original formulation that we have used in a particularly difficult to treat case history, such as that of cancer patients, as an adjuvant to basic
chemotherapy. The positive results we have obtained in the small case study we present encourage us to continue the research with larger and more detailed
case studies, and as an effective and safe aid, to be used in all cases of iron deficiency and anemia in all its expressions.
Leveraging Edge and Cloud Technologies for Enhanced Software Solutions
Authors: V Vimala Dheekshanya  , A Devesh  , G Amalraj  , R Abishaa
Published: February 2025

Through analyzing case studies with real-world applications this research analyses the connection among the cloud and computing edge with the goal of advancing contemporary programming processes it reveals the main benefits difficulties and suggested strategies for this combination the study highlights how combining computing at the edges with cloud services can greatly increase software programs flexibility capacity and efficiency making it an essential move in the rapidly changing scientific landscape it also highlights how important this combination is for resolving common problems in creating software like reducing latency improving scalability and maximizing as a whole application effectiveness the research’s conclusions are helpful for enhancing user experience and opening the door for future applications that are more resilient and flexible.
The Selection of Mother-of-Pearls Shells for Inlay Lacquer Works Characterized from the Qing Dynasty
Authors: Xu Nuo , Taif Basitah , Jiang Hailing
Published: February 2025

The application of mother-of-pearl for the traditional Chinese inlay lacquer ware during the Qing Dynasty achieved a high degree of design perfection with absolute unity. This material substantiates the development of art and technology in China. However, the inherent properties such as hardness, thickness, color and textures of the shells have subsequently affected the decorations. This paper systematically examined the physical properties and application methods from the two major shells applied during the era: the freshwater and saltwater shells. Experimental methods were adopted to reveal the role of materials and their suitability as decorative elements. The results showed that saltwater shells are suitable for intricate inlay patterns due to their higher hardness and lustre, while freshwater shells are more appropriate for large-scale, simple decorations due to their softer texture and thinner width. Hence, the research provides evidence for selecting accurate materials, thus offering new technical references for modern inlay techniques.
The Effect of The Online Combined Offline Health Education Model on Hypertension Among Floating Elderly Self-Management Enhancement
Authors: Yapeng Wang , Danis Ajau , Ruixiao Wang , Xueyi Wang
Published: February 2025

Improving self-management in floating elderly hypertensive patients is especially critical for controlling BP to maintain stability. A multi-center, patient and outcome-assessed blinded, randomized trial was conducted in Ningxia, China, recruiting 200 patients with floating elderly primary hypertension and dividing the randomized blocks into three intervention groups of 50 each and a control group of 50 after controlling for gender using stratification. The main contents of the intervention were regular medication+salt-reduced diet+aerobic exercise; the intervention time was 2 months. The online intervention group used (TikTok+WeChat+Telephone) mode, and the offline intervention group used (Lectures+Brochures+1-on-1 consulting) mode. The online and offline combined intervention group used the mode (TikTok+WeChat+Telephone + Lectures+Brochures+1-on-1 consulting). The primary outcome measure was dominated by blood pressure change, and secondary outcomes were the Medication Adherence Scale scores, Therapeutic Attitudes and Beliefs scores, and Self-management scores. The results shows that the combined online and offline intervention was the most effective at improving self-management, attitudes, practices, and BP control compared to the offline and online interventions alone. The differences between the groups were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The combined approach resulted in the most significant increases in self-management (43.33 point increase), attitudes (39.49 point increase), medication adherence (2.34 point increase), and practices (39.89 point increase) scores. It also led to the most significant reductions in systolic (-11.46 mm Hg) and diastolic (-7.15 mm Hg) BP. These findings suggest that integrating online and offline health education modalities may be the most effective approach for improving hypertension management in this population.
An Empirical Study on College Students’ Academic Writing Motivation in Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Yong Fung Lan , Tan Norizan , Ling Ling Uie Loreta , Ha Lee Ming
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to examine the academic writing motivation among 160 randomly chosen college students in Sabah, Malaysia using the 37-item Academic Writing Motivation Questionnaire. Kruskal-Wallis H test revealed no significant differences in college students’ academic writing motivation by way of ethnicity and age, while Mann-Whitney U test showed no significant differences in terms of gender. Wilcoxon signed rank test based on a hypothesized value of 3.5 revealed that 26 of the items were significant at p < .001. Moreover, a total of 11 items showed that their medians significantly differed from the test value and were likely to indicate strong agreement, while the other 15 items showed that their medians significantly differed from the test value and were likely to indicate strong disagreement. The overall mean score was 126, indicating that college students tended to have a low level of academic writing motivation. In light of the findings, some recommendations were made on ways to enhance their academic writing motivation.
‘Historical’ Xi’an: A Corpus Analysis of Adjectives in Online Tourism Promotional Materials
Authors: Xue Wang , Joharry Siti Aeisha
Published: February 2025

This study examines the significance of highly frequent adjectives in promoting Xi’an, China’s online tourism promotional materials. It specifically focuses on the frequency and functional impact of these adjectives. Adopting a corpus-driven approach, a specialised corpus of English-language promotional texts from Xi’an’s official tourism website was constructed and analysed using AntConc software. The findings reveal that descriptive adjectives dominate, emphasising Xi'an's geographical, historical, and cultural attributes, while experiential and positive evaluative adjectives enhance the emotional and qualitative aspects of the promotional discourse. These adjectives not only describe Xi’an’s historical and cultural significance but also create a sense of appeal and interest among potential tourists. The study further explores collocation patterns to understand how these adjectives function within promotional texts. The results offer insights into how adjectives in Xi’an online tourism promotional materials promote Xi’an and highlight the importance of using high-frequency, positive adjectives in tourism promotional materials.
Collaborative Leadership and School Management Committees' Impact on Primary Teachers' Job Satisfaction in Sarawak Malaysia
Authors: Sze Phay Chang , Talip Roslee Bin
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the relationship between headmasters' collaborative leadership, the role of School Management Committees (SMC), and teacher job satisfaction in Chinese National Type Schools (SJK(C)) in Sarawak, Malaysia. The aim is to explore how leadership styles and SMC involvement influence teacher satisfaction and improve the school environment. The study used a survey research design. Stratified, cluster, and simple random sampling were applied to select 120 teachers from 12 SJK(C) schools in Sarawak. Data were collected using questionnaires with Likert-scale items to measure headmasters' leadership, SMC roles, and teacher job satisfaction. The data analysis included descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and regression to examine relationships and mediation effects. The results showed that headmasters' collaborative leadership (β = 0.392) and SMC involvement (β = 0.327) had a positive and significant impact on teacher job satisfaction. The descriptive analysis indicated high satisfaction levels, with average scores of 4.21 for leadership, 3.76 for SMC roles, and 4.11 for teacher satisfaction. The findings confirmed that SMCs mediate the link between leadership and satisfaction, highlighting the importance of collaboration and support in schools. This study provides unique insights into how SMC involvement mediates the impact of collaborative leadership on teacher job satisfaction, focusing on Sarawak context that has not been widely studied. The study benefits school leaders, policymakers, and educators by highlighting effective leadership practices and the role of School Management Committees in improving teacher job satisfaction. It also supports better management and development strategies for rural schools.
Integrating Traditional Chinese Music into Modern Education: A Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Long Pei , Yulia Astri
Published: February 2025

This study explores the integration of traditional Chinese music into modern education, focusing on its impact on learning, cultural preservation, and educational growth. It reviews current research on implementation frameworks, challenges, and opportunities. Successful integration requires balancing cultural authenticity with modern teaching methods. Findings show that traditional Chinese music enhances students' cognitive skills, cultural awareness, and musical proficiency. Key elements for implementation include qualified educators, effective teaching materials, technology use, and cultural preservation strategies. Challenges such as resource shortages, teacher training gaps, and cultural barriers persist, but emerging technologies and innovative teaching approaches offer solutions. Addressing these issues, particularly the urban-rural divide in resources and teaching quality, is crucial. The study highlights the role of traditional Chinese music in cultural identity formation and education. Recommendations include professional development programs, better resource distribution, and comprehensive curriculum guidelines that blend traditional content with modern methods. These insights have important implications for educational policy, teacher training, and curriculum design in music education.
Analisis Keperluan Model Proses Pembinaan Buku Teks Bahasa Melayu Sekolah Rendah di Singapura
Authors: Mohamed Hussain Salha , Janan Dahlia
Published: February 2025

Pembinaan buku teks merupakan satu proses yang rumit dan memerlukan langkah-langkah yang sistematik. Hal ini akan menjamin keberkesanan buku teks dan kebolehgunaannya dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Kajian ini merupakan analisis keperluan dalam fasa satu reka bentuk kajian Design and Development Research (DDR). Tujuan kajian analisis keperluan ini dilaksanakan adalah bagi mengenal pasti keperluan membangunkan model proses pembinaan buku teks Bahasa Melayu untuk peringkat sekolah rendah. Kajian dilakukan secara kualitatif menggunakan kaedah temu bual dengan pelajar, guru dan pakar yang terlibat dalam penelitian buku teks di Singapura. Seramai 30 pelajar, 20 guru dan 11 orang pakar telah ditemu bual. Data daripada pelajar dan guru didapatkan melalui perbincangan kumpulan berfokus atau Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Data temu bual pakar pula dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik dengan bantuan perisian Delve. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan terdapat keperluan bagi penyelidik membangunkan model yang menunjukkan proses pembinaan buku teks. Oleh itu, diharapkan model ini dapat digunakan oleh pelbagai pihak berkepentingan sebagai satu panduan bersistematik untuk menghasilkan buku teks yang bermutu dan berkesan.
Unmasking the Silent Crisis: How Socioeconomic and Cultural Forces Perpetuate Multidimensional Child Poverty in Tanzania
Authors: Sunday Aidan Laurent , Malek Nor Malina
Published: February 2025

This paper systematically reviews the literature on multidimensional child poverty to provide insight into the socio-economic and cultural factors behind it in Tanzania. Recognising the pressing need to understand child-specific deprivations, the study has employed a structured methodology based on the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The review process aimed to search for terms using the Population, Interventions, Comparison and Outcome (PICO) framework, which included keywords such as “child poverty”, “multidimensional child poverty”, “child deprivation”, and “multidimensional child deprivation”. The paper sourced data from two high-impact databases, Web of Science and Scopus. To ensure rigour in the selection, we followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, narrowing down an initial set of 427 publications to 238 by applying filters on duplicates, relevance, and publication date to reduce this number to only 238. These were supplemented with 16 reports from the United Republic of Tanzania, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Bank to ensure a comprehensive view of the subject. Using thematic analysis, this review summarised household composition, traditional gender roles, parental education, household income inequalities, and rural-urban differences as the main factors affecting multidimensional child poverty from the selected studies. These findings highlight the diverse determinants of multidimensional child poverty in Tanzania, identifying a necessity for tailored intervention integrating socio-economic and cultural factors to address this persistent issue.
Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction: A Correlational Study in Selangor State Development Corporation (PKNS)
Authors: Safwan Nur Syazwani Zulaikha , Said Siti Aisyah , Ahmad Mohamad Firdaus , Azemi Azharul , Tajri Azman Ahmad , Bakri Nur Hani Syazwani , A. Rahman Muhammad Wafi , Lamat Siti Aida , Ab Rahim Mai Dhaniah Meor
Published: February 2025

Employee turnover rates have been steadily increasing over time. This issue is not only prevalent in Malaysia but has also emerged as a global concern in the employment sector. High turnover rates can negatively impact organizational performance, productivity, and overall workplace morale. The primary objective of this study was to examine the correlation between organizational commitment and job satisfaction among PKNS employees. A total of 285 PKNS employees participated in the study, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire comprising 29 items designed to assess both organizational commitment and job satisfaction. To analyze the relationship between these variables, Pearson correlation analysis was conducted. The results indicated a significant and strong positive correlation between organizational commitment and job satisfaction among PKNS employees. This finding suggests that employees who exhibit higher levels of commitment to the organization tend to experience greater job satisfaction. The results of this study provide valuable insights for PKNS management and future researchers. Understanding the strong link between organizational commitment and job satisfaction can help organizations develop strategies to enhance employee retention, improve workplace engagement, and create a more supportive work environment. These findings can also serve as a foundation for future research aimed at further exploring factors that influence employee commitment and satisfaction.
OVERCOMING METAPHYSICS BY SCIENCE?OR METAPHYSICS AND SCIENCE IN THE CULTURE OF MODERNITY
Authors: LEVYTSKYY VICTOR S.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the explication of the place of metaphysics in the life of an individual and culture as a whole, in particular the subject of the article is the relationship between metaphysics and science in the culture of Modernity. The author shows that today there are two main traditions of understanding this ratio. One tradition associated with the line of positivism (A. Comte, Vienna Circle) insists that with the discovery of the scientific method, metaphysics has become an excessive cultural phenomenon. The second, which goes back to German classical idealism (I. Kant, J. Fichte, F. Schelling, G. Hegel), believes that metaphysics is the foundation of all particular sciences. Accordingly, it is fundamentally irreducible both from the system of sciences and from culture as such. In article is shown that the status of science in the culture of Modernity gradually changed from confidence in its ability to know the objective world (logical positivists), through the demonstration of the ontological and epistemological boundaries of scientific knowledge (late L. Wittgenstein, R. Carnap, W. Quine), to recognizing science as close to the “form of life” myth (post-positivism). In this regard, it is concluded that science cannot claim a metatheoretical status, and therefore cannot be an implicit form of metaphysics, the relevance of which has not disappeared. Accordingly modern man, like many generations before him, continues to be doomed to metaphysics.
Sustainable Building Decarbonization in Nigeria: Challenges, Opportunities, and Policy Recommendations
Authors: Erifeta Kingsley Erhioghenekowhodo
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This study evaluates sustainable building decarbonization in Nigeria, focusing on the challenges and opportunities in reducing carbon emissions within the construction sector. It aims to identify policy gaps and recommend strategies for effective implementation.
Methodology: A systematic literature review (SLR) was employed to analyze 80 peer-reviewed articles, government reports, and conference proceedings published between 2014 and 2025. This methodology comprehensively synthesizes existing research, identifying trends, barriers, and successful case studies in sustainable building practices.
Findings: The review revealed critical barriers to decarbonization, including high initial costs, inadequate building code enforcement, and limited public awareness. Successful policies in other Sub-Saharan countries, such as Ghana and South Africa, highlight the importance of integrated approaches and financial incentives. Key themes included the need for improved energy efficiency, integration of renewable energy, and sustainable construction materials.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Nigeria must strengthen regulatory frameworks, enhance financial incentives, and promote public awareness to achieve sustainable building decarbonization. A multi-stakeholder approach involving government, private developers, and research institutions is essential for overcoming existing barriers. By learning from global best practices, Nigeria can transition to a low-carbon built environment, contributing to broader climate goals and sustainable urban development.