bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilização de Métodos Objetivos na Avaliação da Atividade Física de Trabalhadores Brasileiros: Uma Revisão Sistemática
Authors: Oliveira Renata Aparecida Rodrigues de , Amorim Paulo Roberto Dos Santos , Marins João Carlos Bouzas
Published: April 2021

Introdução: Quantificar o nível de atividade física (AF) na população em idade laboral tem sido necessário, pois o sedentarismo compreende um dos fatores de risco mais importante na sociedade atual. Porém, para sua quantificação existem métodos subjetivos quanto objetivos, que por suas características podem produzir resultados discrepantes. Objetivo: Verificar o uso de métodos objetivos para avaliação da atividade física (AF) de trabalhadores brasileiros. Métodos: Realizou-se uma pesquisa nas bases de dados Lilacs, Scielo e Pubmed, com artigos originais publicados nos últimos 10 anos sobre trabalhadores brasileiros. Foram encontrados 130 trabalhos empregando métodos tanto subjetivos como objetivos, porém foram incluídos somente estudos que utilizaram métodos objetivos. Após verificação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados quatro artigos.Resultados: Os estudos apresentaram faixa etária variada e foram conduzidos em duas diferentes regiões do país (Sudeste e Centro Oeste). Como principais achados dos estudos, verificou-se que o número de passos se associa com os fatores de risco cardiovasculares entre trabalhadores e que a atividade desempenhada tem associação com a carga cardiovascular e a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca.Conclusão: Há uma escassez de estudos conduzidos em trabalhadores brasileiros utilizando métodos objetivos, uma vez que a maioria dos estudos utiliza técnicas subjetivas.
Lesão de morel-lavallée: relato de caso.
Authors: Storch Klein Júlia Gabriela
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo relatar o caso de um paciente com lesão de Morel-Lavallée e como foco o diagnóstico e o tratamento da lesão. Método: As informações contidas neste trabalho foram obtidas por meio de revisão do prontuário, do registro fotográfico dos métodos diagnósticos aos quais o paciente foi submetido e da lesão do paciente. Além disso, foi feita uma revisão da literatura. Resultado: Este relato de caso demonstrou a importância do conhecimento da doença, das formas de diagnóstico e de tratamento para que o cirurgião identifique precocemente a lesão de Morel-Lavallée e obtenha um prognóstico favorável. Conclusão: Muitos médicos encontram dificuldade no diagnóstico da lesão, devido ao fato da principal fisiopatologia ser por traumas fechados, havendo poucos sinais sugestivos no exame físico e nos exames complementares. Além disso, não existe um padrão de atendimento, sendo necessários novos estudos para definir claramente qual a melhor abordagem para a lesão em desenluvamento fechado.
Fatores que interferem na escolha de método contraceptivo no planejamento familiar
Authors: Silva Mirella Pacheco da , Cardoso Lucélia Caroline dos Santos , Eberhardt Emily Da Silva , Rodrigues João Vitor Cardozo , Bendl André Luis
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Apresentar as particularidades envolvidas nas escolhas de métodos contraceptivos por casais. Materiais e métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura científica nacional. Utilizou-se os termos “planejamento familiar”, “gênero”, “homem ou masculino” e “mulher ou feminino”, combinados entre si. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados SCIELO, BDEnf e Lilacs no período de maio a junho de 2019. Resultados: Fizeram parte deste estudo 10 artigos publicados entre 2008 e 2018, evidenciando que a falta de conhecimento masculino pode ser vista como um dos motivos para deixarem as escolhas de planejamento familiar e métodos contraceptivos para o grupo feminino, além da falta de orientação e diferença entre os gêneros. Os homens apresentam dificuldade de aceitação dos métodos contraceptivos masculinos e muitas vezes, mesmo sem procurar conhecimento, influenciam na escolha do método contraceptivo. Conclusões: O presente estudo permitiu observar e constatar diversos fatores relacionados a contracepção em diferentes visões de acordo com o gênero. Entre ambos os grupos, a mulher é quem possui maior conhecimento sobre a variedade de métodos disponíveis no mercado, todavia, a predominância masculina influencia na escolha do casal.
Determinación de los cambios en el empleo regional en el estado de Tamaulipas, México
Authors: Solís Vázquez Sheila Yazmín , Flores Flores Adán Jacinto , García Fernández Francisco
Published: April 2021

El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo analizar la evolución del empleo en el estado de Tamaulipas (México), a través de una aproximación a la dinámica regional del empleo durante el periodo de 2004 a 2014. Se realizó un análisis shift-share, complementado con el calculo del coeficiente de localización (CL). Tanto el análisis shift-share como el CL son técnicas descriptivas, en estas el año o periodo abarcado influye irremediablemente en los resultados finales que podrían obtenerse. De ahí que se utilizaron tres marcos temporales de estudio, 2004 a 2009, 2009 a 2014, y 2004 a 2014, con el fin de minimizar las citadas restricciones. Los hallazgos más importantes indican un incremento del empleo a partir de la tendencia nacional, y no tanto derivado del efecto regional y de la industria del país. Cabe mencionar que el efecto no fue igual para todas las industrias. Uno de los principales aportes del presente estudio se basa en que este sirve como un antecedente en el diseño de políticas competitivas que faciliten y promuevan el desarrollo regional de la entidad tamaulipeca. Asimismo, una adecuada localización industrial favorece la generación de ventajas competitivas sostenibles.
Dificuldade financeira e desempenho de mercado de organizações latino-americanas
Authors: Canton Cristiane , Müller Mateus , Pedro da Silva Tarcísio , José da Rocha Armada Manuel
Published: April 2021

A dificuldade financeira está presente em diversos estudos na literatura, porém notam-se maiores discussões em torno de seus determinantes, como o indicador, sem constatar seu efeito para o mercado. Em virtude da importância de poder ser utilizado para verificar a continuidade da organização, o objetivo deste trabalho é identificar as influências da dificuldade financeira sobre o desempenho de mercado em empresas latino-americanas negociadas na bolsa de valores. De acordo com a hipótese do mercado eficiente e da sinalização, a dificuldade financeira anuncia ao mercado uma perspectiva negativa que afeta o desempenho de mercado. Assim, para a análise, utilizou-se de dados referentes às empresas listadas nas bolsas da Argentina, do Brasil, do Chile, do México e do Peru, de forma trimestral entre 2013 e 2017. Os resultados demonstram que, nos contex- tos brasileiro, chileno e mexicano, a dificuldade financeira influencia negativamente o desempenho de mercado das companhias. Este estudo contribui para a literatura com a utilização da dificuldade financeira além de um indicador preditor, pois apresenta uma informação que pode ser trabalhada por stakeholders no momento de negociar ou realizar a manutenção de seu portfólio de ações.
The Profitability of Electricity, Oil, and Gas Utilities in America
Authors: Rosso Murillo John William , Rodriguez Ramos Yeny Esperanza
Published: April 2021

Identifying the determining factors of utilities’ profitability is vital in making strategic deci- sions such as optimal resource allocation and business strategy orientation to increase the invested capital. We analyze information from private and public companies in the energy, gas, and oil sectors in Colombia and other American countries. We construct a panel data model from 2000 to 2010 and propose a method that identifies the determining factors of profitability for homogeneous groups of companies using cluster analysis. We use regression analysis to quantify those factors for each cluster. Fixed assets are essential determining factors of profitability; however, investment regulation may lead to significant losses in the realizable value of fixed assets and an increase in the companies’ capital costs. Debt and a munificent environment only affect medium-sized companies. We found some benefits for large companies derived from non-transparent institutional environments.
Leadership influence on job satisfaction and communication satisfaction in SMEs under computer-mediated- communication environments
Authors: Bedoya Ever
Published: April 2021

Organizational investments in ICTs have made computer-mediated communication an active agent in organizations that impact how employees perceive leadership’s influence on job satisfaction and communication satisfaction. This study aims to determine whether there is a significant and positive relationship between transactional, transformational, and level 5 leadership styles on job satisfaction and communication satisfaction. The sample included 103 employees from Colombian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the tertiary sector. Linear regressions evidenced a significant and positive influence of the three leadership styles on job satisfaction and communication satisfaction. These regressions also showed a more substantial level 5 leadership effect on communication satisfaction when the three variables interact within the organization. Similarly, transformational leadership positively impacted job satisfaction. In conclusion, leadership has a positive impact on smes under computer-mediated communication (CMC) environments.
Toxic Effect of Lead on the Red Marrow Cells of Birds
Authors: I. Vishnyakov Alexander
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the main patterns of the toxic effect of lead on the red marrow cells of birds in the first three days after exposure. The electro-microscopic study revealed that the toxic effect of lead nitrate on bone marrow cells begins even at a slight MAL excess after 1 day of intoxication. Hematopoietic and stromal marrow cells mainly show the signs of dystrophic changes, which increase as the term after exposure to lead nitrate increases. In the cytoplasm of many cells, heterogeneous lipid inclusions are formed, which are likely the lipid products of cell membrane destruction. In lead intoxication of chickens, the structure of the cell nuclei in the bone marrow is changed, and the morphological characteristics reveal a decrease in the transcription of ribosomal RNA genes and the preparation of many cells for apoptosis.
Keywords: lead toxic effect, birds, marrow cells
Increase of Onion Productivity by Regulation of Growing Technology Elements
Authors: Avdeenko Svetlana , Avdeenko Aleksey , Fetyukhin Igor , Ryabtseva Natalya
Published: April 2021

This article describes the impact of growth regulators used as foliar dressing on the high-quality commercial production of Mars and Candy F1 hybrid onion bulbs grown in the Rostov Region. The highest yield of finished product per 1 thousand m2 of leaf area and 1 thousand units of photosynthetic potential (PSP) was observed when the Candy and Mars hybrids were treated with Novosil (3.9-4.1 t and 45.0-47.0 kg, respectively), which also produced the highest rates of net photosynthesis productivity: 8.5-8.7 g / m2 per day. The effect of the agent on growth processes was slightly more effective in the Candy hybrid. It was established that the use of Novosil and Immunocytophytes foliar dressing in growing technology makes it possible to obtain the Mars and Candy hybrids at the level of 49.0-50.1 t / ha, reduce the consumption of additional irrigation water per unit of production and improve the quality of commercial onion bulbs and their storage for a long winter period. The increase in storage resulting from the use of Novosil occurred due to the decrease in the natural loss and mass of the sprouted bulbs.
Keywords: onion, hybrid, yield, stimulant fertilizer, storage, quality
Oncoprotective Effect of Short-Term Hypoxic Training in Model of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma in Mice
Authors: Skopichev Valerij , Zharkova Marya , Alistratova Flyura
Published: April 2021

The search for non-drug therapies to enhance antitumor protection is one of the most urgent tasks of pathophysiology and medicine. We evaluated the impact of a course of interval hypobaric hypoxia (0.306 kg/cm2) on the development of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in mice. In the first series of experiments, the mice were subjected to hypoxic training over 10 days, and in the second series the hypoxic training was provided daily for 3 weeks, except for weekends. The tumor volume was analyzed using a caliper on day 16 (the terminal period). The weight of the mice was measured on day 0, and the final net weight was measured on day 22. The rate of cancer development in mice exposed to hypoxic training within the first 10 days decreased by 58%. Exposure to 3 weeks of hypoxic training showed no significant antitumor effect. Upon completion of the hypoxic training, the rate of tumor development increased, and at the end of the study, no significant differences in survival were found. Further research is needed to determine the optimal antitumor effect and duration of the course of interval hypobaric training.
Keywords: Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC), mice, hypobaric hypoxia, antitumor protection, leukocytes, leukogram
Obtaining Experimental Values of the Uniformity of Seed Distribution by Multivariate Regression Analysis
Authors: V. Demchuk Evgeniy , V. Redreev Grigoriy , V. Myalo Vladimir , V. Myalo Ol'ga , P. Prokopov Sergey
Published: April 2021

One of the key factors affecting agricultural productivity is the availability of technical means that include machine and tractor units of agricultural enterprises. The production volume of the plant growing industry depends on high yields that can be achieved by high-quality sowing, which implies the optimal seed placement and sowing depth. Thus, the modernization of existing seeding machines and the creation of new ones that ensure the optimal seed placement is an urgent task. This study aimed to develop a coulter for uniform seed distribution along the furrow length. The object of the study was uniform sowing patterns for grain crops based on the optimal parameters of the proposed working unit of the seeding machine obtained by multivariate regression analysis. A symmetric orthogonal compositional plan of the second order was chosen as a model. The criterion for optimization of the geometric parameters of the developed coulter was the uniformity of seed distribution along the furrow length. The following parameters of the proposed coulter were changed: the cut length of the outer side of the rectilinear profile of the lower edge of the rack varied within 20–80 mm (L), and the approach angle in the horizontal plane (α) and the roll angle in the vertical plane (β) varied within 3–28 deg. The study yielded the regression equation for constructing the response surfaces. The analysis of the response surfaces showed that the optimal parameters for uniform seed distribution along the furrow length can be achieved at the approach angle α=250, the roll angle β=150, and the cut length of the lower edge of the rack L=50 mm.
Keywords: Coulter, sowing, grain, quality, distribution uniformity, multivariate experiment
Analysis of Shrinkage Phenomena in the Process of Cheese Vacuum Drying
Authors: Ermolaev Vladimir , Kechkin Ivan , Eremin Alexander , Tarakanova Valentina , Gurkovskaya Elena , Buzetti Konstantin
Published: April 2021

The work is devoted to the study of the shrinkage phenomena during the vacuum dehydration of the cheese varieties “Sovetskiy” and “Gollandskiy”. During the research, the dependences of the cheese shrinkage coefficient on the initial mass fraction of moisture were obtained. It was found that when the mass fraction of the cheese moisture increases, an increase in the shrinkage coefficient of the product occurs. The greatest increase in the cheese shrinkage coefficient is observed when the mass fraction of moisture is more than 50%. It was established that with increasing temperature and heat load, the moisture content on the cheese surface rapidly decreases, while in the central layers it changes more slowly. Shrinkage at elevated temperatures is less; however, dry cheese has a large mass fraction of moisture. It was found that an increase in the difference in the mass fraction of moisture between the inner and surface layers is accompanied by an increase in the difference between the actual shrinkage and possible shrinkage corresponding to the amount of liquid removed. The coefficients of shrinkage in the volume of the “Sovetskiy” and “Gollandskiy” cheese varieties were calculated: they lie in the range of 0.017–0.004 and 0.006–0.003, respectively. The dependences of the cheese shrinkage coefficients on the drying layer thickness, shape and size of grinding were obtained.
Keywords: cheeses, vacuum drying, shrinkage
Trace Element Content in the Soils of the Forest-Steppe of Western Siberia
Authors: Goman Natalia , Bobrenko Igor , Matveychik Oleg , Popova Valentina , Bobrenko Elena
Published: April 2021

This research is based on local monitoring in 1994-2018 on reference plots of agricultural lands and materials of a large-scale agrochemical survey. The research examined the soils of the forest-steppe zone of the Omsk Region: ordinary chernozem low-power low-humus heavy loamy soil; meadow-chernozem medium-thick medium-humus heavy loamy soil; and solonetz meadow chernozemic deep low humus clay soil. It was found that almost the entire surveyed area of arable land in the forest-steppe zone of the Omsk Irtysh Land (98.1 %) had low mobile zinc availability with an average level of 0.85 mg/kg. 41.1% of arable land had low mobile manganese availability, 41.3% had medium and 17.6% had high availability; the weighted average was 13.0 mg/kg. Most of the arable land was characterized by a low degree of mobile copper content security (81.2%), while 18.3% of the land had soil with an average content, and only 0.5% of the land had high mobile copper content. The average concentration was 20.0 mg/kg. The soil levels of mobile molybdenum availability wereas follows: 71.6% of land had medium availability, 26.5% had high, and only 1.9% had low; the weighted average concentration was 0.20 mg/kg. All soils had a high degree of mobile forms of boron, while the weighted average was 2.69 mg/kg of soil. 67.8% of the area had low mobile cobalt availability, 31.6% had average availability, and 0.5 % had high availability, with an average concentration of 0.16 mg/kg in the zone. The reference plots did not differ in terms of their content of mobile zinc, copper, and cobalt, ordinary chernozems, meadow chernozem soils, and deep solonetz. Movable connections of molybdenum, manganese, and boron in ordinary chernozem were lower than in meadow chernozem soil, and the maximum ones were observed in solonetz meadow chernozemic deep.
Keywords: trace elements, content, soil, survey, dynamics, Omsk region
Adaptation of Technological Methods to Climatic Conditions in Agrotechnologies in South Ural
Authors: Gulyanov Yury , Chibilyov Alexander , Levykin Sergey
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to define an optimal sowing date of winter wheat in the steppe zone of South Ural and West Siberia. The effects of climatic factors were determined by analyzing modern climatic resources and experimentally testing in the conditions of the central zone in Orenburgskaya oblast. Research from the All-Russian Scientific- Research Institute of Hydro-meteorological Information – World Data Center (RSRIHI-WDC) served as a source of archival meteorological data for 2009-2019. Experimental data were collected through field work on the south chernozem in the Central zone of Orenburgskaya oblast for 2019-2020. Digital material was processed using statistical analysis. It was confirmed that in the Central zone of Orenburgskaya oblast under modern climatic conditions, the period between 25-30 August is the most acceptable date to sow winter wheat. If sowing occurs at later dates, there is a risk of not obtaining the required amount of effective temperatures, which can result in disunited sparse shoots, bushes that are not fully formed, and low phytometric parameters, and therefore a low realization of climatically secured productivity. These results could be more widely tested in other steppe regions of Ural and West Siberia with a prospect to introduce the results into zonal recommendations for production.
Keywords: climatic resources, productivity reserves, winter wheat
Processes of Heat and Mass Transfer During Grain Mass Storage in Metal Silos of Large Capacity
Authors: Kechkin Ivan , Ermolaev Vladimir , Belyaeva Marina , Tarakanova Valentina , Gurkovskaya Elena , Buzetti Konstantin
Published: April 2021

This study showed that there were some changes in the temperature and humidity parameters of wheat grains during the storage year. The grain moisture content in both the near-wall and central parts of the metal silo largely did not change, remaining at a level of 10-11%. Moisture values were recorded monthly, and grain temperature was recorded in accordance with seasonal changes, thus, the range of temperature changes was from 20 to 32°С at a minimum outdoor temperature of 5°С. The moisture content of the grain in the surface layer increased by 0.4-1.2% and the final moisture content of the grain was 11.6%. Experiments on grain temperature and humidity changes with active ventilation in large-capacity metal silos have shown that the rate of change (decrease) in temperature depends on the specific air flow rate, and the difference in air and grain temperature. Experimental storage showed that a grain with the moisture content up to 13.6% can be stored for up to nine months without deterioration in quality. A longer shelf life is possible for wheat grains with a moisture content of up to 12%. This article pays special attention to the processes occurring in the under-roof space of large-capacity metal silos and suggests methods for solving this problem.
Keywords: long-term storage, active ventilation, metal silos, heat and mass transfer processes
Phenotyping of Dairy Cattle in Breeding Programs
Authors: Ivanova Irina , Trotsenko Irina , Lebedenko Olga
Published: April 2021

This article examines the phenotypic features of cattle and their use in breeding to improve the characteristics of milk productivity. As part of the research, 483 black-and- white pedigree cows in the breeding enterprises of the Omsk region were evaluated by a set of characteristics. It was found that the average age of calving cows was 2.5 years. 42.7% in the total cow population were full-grown cows. The maximum level of milk productivity was observed in second lactation cows. The milk yield for 305 days of the second lactation was 6.720 kg, which was 621 kg or 9.24% higher than that in first-calf heifers. The phenotypic characterization of breeding stock allowed us to identify all the necessary reserves for obtaining high-yielding offspring, in order to increase the level of milk production in the black-and-white cattle population of the region. This research was conducted with the use of the technical base and laboratory areas of the Department of Animal Science (Faculty of Animal Science, Commodity Science and Standardization), as well as the Center for the Collective Use of Scientific Equipment of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Omsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin”. The analytical data and the results of the research presented in this publication may be of interest for students of specialized educational institutions, as well as for specialists in dairy cattle farming, and can be implemented at breeding enterprises.
Keywords: Phenotyping, breeding, milk productivity, cattle
Contemporary Direction of Eggplant Selection for the South of Russia
Authors: Gabibova Elena , Geraskina Nadezda
Published: April 2021

Eggplant selection is crucial for the south of Russia due to the concentration of production and processing capacities in this region. When selecting eggplants, regional characteristics, in particular specific stressors, should be taken into account. The main stressors are low temperatures in the initial period of plant growth and development, sharp changes in soil and air temperature and humidity during the growing season, high temperatures during crop formation, and harmful fungal and mycoplasma diseases. It is possible to reduce the dependence on imports by developing production in spring greenhouses, which will extend the consumption period by 3-4 months. This requires varieties and hybrids with specific properties: high productivity, high adaptability, compact habit of plants, lack of thorns, low pubescence, etc. F1 hybrids combining high productivity with adaptability and product quality can grow in greenhouses. When collecting linear materials for creating hybrids, it is advisable to use hard provocative backgrounds with a subsequent assessment of the combinational ability. This research aimed to develop new varieties and hybrids of eggplant for the south of Russia. The study was conducted in the Rostov Selection and Seed Center in 2010-2019 on fields and in spring greenhouses. Materials from different regions of the world were collected. Varieties and hybrids were evaluated by their valuable traits and properties. Linear materials were created for sources and donors of characters that are in demand. The collection of the best varieties was involved in selection programs for creating an assortment for the south of Russia. More than 10 eggplant varieties and hybrids with high productivity and adaptive qualities were obtained.
Keywords: eggplant, source material, variety, hybrid, selection, signs, applications, stability, heterosis
Selection and Breeding of Dairy Cattle in Western Siberia
Authors: V. Kharina Larisa , A. Korsheva Inna , V. Markina Nadezhda , V. Borisenko Sergey
Published: April 2021

The main objective of stock breeding is to raise highly productive animals, improve existing ones and create new types and breeds of livestock. The main focus of dairy cattle breeding is on increasing milk yield, fat and protein content in milk; preserving fertility and productive longevity; and developing high adaptive properties of suitability for modern industrial technologies. Selection and breeding of black-and-white and red steppe breeds of cattle is aimed at improving the breeding and productive qualities of the animals. These breeds are traditionally raised in Western Siberia. Breeding to improve the economic and productive features of black-and-white and red steppe breeds of cattle led to the creation of new zonal types, including the Priobsky, Kulunda and Siberian zonal types, which are characterized by relatively high dairy productivity. This study showed that the Siberian type of heifers had the maximum milk yield – 6389 kg, which was 1239 kg and 828 kg more than the Kulunda and Priobsky types, respectively. The same tendency was observed for the third lactation. Animals with a dry period of less than 40 days had lower milk yields than those with a longer period. In terms of the amount of milk and the weight fraction of fat and protein in the milk, the animals exceeded the standard for the parental breed. The duration of pregnancy among the studied animals was within the physiological norm – 276.1-280.8 days. The research results may be of interest to agricultural students and specialists involved in selection issues.
Keywords: reproduction, breed, milk productivity
Technology for the Use of Reduced Doses of Diminazene Aceturate for the Treatment of Pet Babesiosis
Authors: Khristianovsky Pavel , Belimenko Vladislav
Published: April 2021

Babesiosis (piroplasmosis) is a transmissible parasitic disease, accompanied by fever, anemia, yellowness of the mucous membranes, hemoglobinuria, lost productivity and performance, and with untimely treatment – death of livestock. Therapy to treat livestock babesiosis involves, first of all, the use of anti-babesial drugs. This study aimed the examine the effectiveness of using a reduced diminazene aceturate (DA) dosage against babesiosis in livestock. However, the use of these drugs can cause side effects. The study recommends the use of DA-based drugs against equine babesiosis at a dose of 2.6 mg/kg bodyweight for an active ingredient (AI). With volumetric dosing it is 0.038 cm3 of a 7 % solution per kg bodyweight, rather than 0.05 cm3 per kg bodyweight, as indicated in the instructions. The use of a reduced dose of Batrizin (2.5 and 3.0 mg/kg AI) and Fa.Try.Banil. (2.5 mg/kg AI) to treat experimental babesiosis in dogs had a satisfactory anti-babesial effect in the absence of intoxication.
Keywords: diminazene aceturate, babesiosis, parasitic disease
Study of the Qualitative Characteristics of Rapeseed Oil Obtained by Cold Pressing
Authors: L Kleymenova Natalia , N Bolgova Inessa , V Kopylov Maxim , Y Zheltoukhova Ekaterina
Published: April 2021

Oil from spring rape seeds obtained by cold pressing was selected as the object of this study. Oil samples were obtained under the following technological conditions: the annular gap was 0.7 mm in a grain chamber and the screw rotation speed was 160 rpm at a pressing temperature of 315 K. The oil composition was studied by gas-liquid chromatography on the Chromotech 5000 apparatus. Rapeseed oil characteristics were obtained with chromatograms. An increased content of linoleic acid 20% (ω6) and linolenic acid 12% (ω3) was revealed in the fatty acid composition of the sample. Fatty acids contribute to lipid metabolism regulation. They are of primary importance in the diet. The presence of 58.6% oleic acid (ω9) was identified. The resulting rapeseed oil had healing properties due to the presence of ω3, ω6 and ω9. Vitamin B, vitamin K, traces of vitamin A, and α, β + γ, δ-tocopherols were found. α, β + γ-tocopherols contribute to the oxidation process. According to these results, rapeseed oil can be confidently recommended for introduction into various food recipes.
Keywords: rapeseed oil, vitamins, fatty acid composition
Oxidative Modification of the Proteins of Breast and Cow Milk
Authors: E. Vysokogorskiy Valeriy , A. Sokolova Mariya , V. Strelchik Natalya , N. Lazareva Oksana , V. Antonov Oleg
Published: April 2021

One of the important modern characteristics of the nutritional and biological value of milk and dairy products is the antioxidant properties. The high stability and sensitivity of the determination of carbonyl derivatives of proteins, as well as the informative value of the action of antioxidants, allow using them as the markers of oxidative damage. The purpose of this paper was to compare the level of carbonyl derivatives of proteins in breast and cow milk. The determination of the oxidative modification of proteins was based on the reaction of carbonyl derivatives of amino acid residues with 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. The content of the products was determined during spontaneous and metal-catalyzed oxidative modification of the proteins. During the determination of the spontaneously formed carbonyl derivatives of the proteins, their significantly higher content in cow milk compared to breast milk was established. This increase ranged from 46% to 83% at different wavelengths. Thus, the determination of carbonyl derivatives of amino acid residues of the proteins made it possible to reveal significant differences in the antioxidant properties of breast and cow milk, manifested in a lower level of carbonyl derivatives in breast milk. The lower level of carbonyl derivatives in the composition of breast milk proteins is likely associated with the increased activity of the antioxidant system of breast milk or the increased rate of removal of damaged proteins upon activation of milk proteases.
Keywords: carbonyl derivatives, oxidative modification, proteins, human milk, breast milk, metal-catalyzed
Heritability of Productivity Elements of Chickpeas and its Importance for Practical Breeding
Authors: Kuzmina Svetlana , Kazydub Nina , Panchenko Vladimir
Published: April 2021

This study examined the genetics of the variability in quantitative traits and showed the possibility of selecting hybrids with a new, more favorable combination of traits, which is of practical interest for breeding. The main goal of our research was to determine the coefficients of heritability by the mass of seeds and the number of beans per plant in hybrid combinations of chickpeas, which allowed establishing the potential of parental varieties in the transfer of valuable genes responsible for plant productivity to offspring and expanding the spectrum of plant genetic diversity. The experiments were conducted in the fields of the educational and experimental farm of the Omsk State Agrarian University in the southern forest-steppe of the Omsk region in 2016-2018. The research included 6 chickpea samples with a complex of valuable traits from the Federal Research Center of the All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources named after N.I. Vavilov (VIR, St. Petersburg) and 8 hybrid combinations obtained on their basis. It was found that the mass of seeds per plant was characterized by low heritability (H2 = 22.8%) and the number of beans per plant was high (H2 = 54.0%). The variability of the mass of seeds per plant was largely paratypical and was influenced by environmental conditions; the variability in the number of beans per plant was due to genetic factors and indicated a high genetic diversity in the studied splitting chickpea populations. Selection based on the number of beans per plant was highly effective even in early generations of the hybrids. Selection by the mass of seeds from the plant was ineffective; it should be carried out in later hybrid generations under favorable growing conditions. The selection of valuable genotypes was most successful in hybrid chickpea populations by seed weight per plant: C-35 x ILC-2394, C-80 x ILC-2394, C-27 x ILC-2394, and by the number of beans per plant: C-27 x ILC-2394, C-27 x ILC-2402
Keywords: chickpeas, heritability, selection, genetics, productivity
The Potential of Using the New Species Monarda Didyma L. for Introduction in Western Siberia
Authors: Kriklivaya Aastasia , Shorin Nikolay
Published: April 2021

This article examines the introduction and use of the new species Monarda didyma L. in the conditions of Western Siberia. The rhythm of the seasonal development of the longrhizome-taprhizome life form was investigated. The timing and duration of the basic phenological phases were determined and their temperature thresholds were identified. Based on the phenological development, it was established that M. didyma can be classified as a long-growing evergreen plant. According to the identified blossoming period, the species falls into the long-flowering late-summer group. The presented phenological spectrum represents an important comparative and practical tool for Western Siberia and other geographical areas. The new species has a promising outlook for cultivation in Western Siberia and possesses a high adaptive potential, which allows for its use as an essential-oil-bearing, aromatic, decorative and melliferous plant.
Keywords: M. didyma, of using, introduction, rhythm of seasonal development
Raw Material Resources for Extruding
Authors: Marinchenko Tatiana
Published: April 2021

Substantial research has been devoted to the problems of more rational feeding of animals, improving the quality and nutritional value of existing feeds with a general reduction in the cost of their production, as well as the search for new and alternative sources of feed and methods for their preparation. At the same time, the scientific community is faced with issues of finding the best ways to recycle agricultural and food production waste. Since agricultural producers and processors also face the problem of recycling a variety of waste, the practical implementation of research in these areas is one of the main tasks of the agricultural sector. This article examines the feasibility of organizing on-farm production of animal feed based on a mobile extruder plant that uses waste from the production and processing of crops, food and other industries. This would reduce feed costs, increase the efficiency of using internal feed resources and would utilize production waste. This approach would significantly reduce the cost of livestock products or could become a source of additional income. The data on the extrusion of a number of non-traditional sources of feed products, such as waste from leather production, grape processing, mushroom cultivation, etc., are provided.
Keywords: agriculture, animal husbandry, feeding, alternative feed resources, production waste, extruding, efficiency
Development of an Innovative Method for Combating Blood-Sucking Diptera insects
Authors: Engashev Sergei , Mironenko Aleksey , Vasilevich Fedor , Deltsov Alexander , Engasheva Ekaterina
Published: April 2021

This article describes an innovative method for regulating populations of blood-sucking Diptera that parasitize cows. This relates to the field of agriculture, namely to the means of protecting farm animals from insect bites, and can be used to protect farm animals from ectoparasites during the period of their grazing. To produce these products, the polymer was treated with an impregnating solution containing pyrethroid (2-26% by weight of the untreated polymer product), an inhibitor of arthropod detoxification enzyme systems (0.5-20.0%), a lubricant (0.1-3.0%) and an aliphatic ketone (5-90%). The method was simple in execution, and the insecticidal acaricidal polymer products obtained according to the method had a long shelf life of at least seven months. The products were resistant to environmental influences and did not lead to environmental pollution with excess active substances.
Keywords: Ear tags, s-fenvalerate, piperonyl butoxide, Diptera
Sources of Arterial Vascularization of the Polar Owl’s Kidneys
Authors: V. Pervenetskaya Marina , V. Fomenko Lydmila , V. Koshkarev Maksim
Published: April 2021

The sources of vascularization of the kidneys of five polar owl carcasses were studied by filling the vessels with self-hardening plastic Belokril through the femoral artery. High-grade oil paints were added to the monomer to give the vessels the desired color. After the injection, the carcasses were placed in a high concentration caustic soda solution for three days. The resulting corrosion impression was washed under warm water and dried. It was identified that in the lumbar trunk, the main vessel was the descending aorta, from which extra- and intraorganic arteries departed for vascularizing the kidneys. Extraorganic arteries included external and internal iliac, sciatic and middle sacral arteries. Intraorganic arteries included cranial, middle, and caudal renal arteries. Inside the parenchyma of each lobe of the kidney, intraorganic arteries branched in the main type of caudomedial, dorsomedial and lateromedial directions and were subdivided into segmental, interlobular and perilobular arteries and intralobular capillaries. An asymmetry in the branching of the renal arteries was observed. During histological examination, we noted that the renal arteries were lined with endothelium on the inner side and the intima contained endotheliocytes with oval nuclei. Under the endothelial layer were loose collagen fibers running along the middle shell. There was no loose connective tissue between the inner and middle shells, so the subendothelial layer was very weak and there was no internal elastic membrane. The muscle membrane was well developed, with collagen and elastic fibers located between the muscle fibers. The outer shell was represented by loose connective tissue with the presence of arterial and venous vessels. The collagen fibers had a slightly convoluted course.
Keywords: birds, polar owl, arteries, kidneys, parenchyma, capillaries, endotheliocytes, intima
Morphological and Biochemical Parameters of Pigs’ Blood with Enzootic Pneumonia
Authors: Tazayan Artur , Tambiev Timur , Babkina Tatiana
Published: April 2021

One of the most common diseases of pigs in large pig enterprises is enzootic pneumonia. The main etiological agent causing enzootic pneumonia is Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Mycoplasmas have minimal virulence, but they increase the susceptibility of pigs to secondary infections. In association with other microorganisms, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae enhances its pathogenic effect, which makes the course of the disease more severe, often leading to the death of animals. Blood tests were performed to study the changes in morphological and biochemical parameters during the development of infection caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Experimental groups of animals were formed, consisting of healthy as well as infected and ill pigs of different ages (2, 3, and 4 months), in which the pathogen M. hyopneumoniae was detected by polymerase chain reaction. The following hematological changes were revealed in the piglets suffering from respiratory mycoplasmosis: erythropenia, leukopenia, increased blood sedimentation rate (BSR), hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, increased activity of alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase, increased urea, and hyperglycemia.
Keywords: pigs breeding; pneumonia; biochemical parameters; morphological parameters
Anti-Aggregation Function of Blood Vessels in Piglets of Dairy and Plant Nutrition
Authors: S. Tkacheva Elena , N. Medvedev Ilya
Published: April 2021

Modern pig farming is a significant sector of modern agriculture in many countries. The attractiveness of its products is associated with their excellent taste and economic affordability. The intensive development of pig breeding considers the latest achievements in the field of pig biology during their early ontogenesis. Optimal functioning of hemostasis in growing piglets relies on platelet activity. Its low severity during the phase of milk and vegetable nutrition provides them with the optimal functional state of primary hemostasis, the success of microcirculation in the internal organs, and sufficient activity of all functional and biochemical processes. In the blood of healthy piglets during the phase of dairy and plant nutrition, a decrease in the number of peroxidation products was noted due to an increase in the level of antioxidant protection of their plasma. This minimized their platelet and vascular wall alteration and provided optimal platelet-vascular interactions. This study shows that the gradual increase in the platelet aggregation that develops in piglets at this age is functionally balanced by the increase in the disaggregation properties of blood vessels and creates conditions for optimal blood flow in small-caliber vessels.
Keywords: piglets, phase of dairy and plant nutrition, platelets, aggregation, disaggregation, early ontogenesis
Vascular Disaggregated Platelet Control in Newborn Piglets
Authors: S. Tkacheva Elena
Published: April 2021

The balance of platelet and vascular functions clearly determines the functioning of primary hemostasis in the piglet’s body. This is of particular physiological importance at the beginning of piglet ontogenesis. The degree of functional readiness of platelets and blood vessels in piglets during the neonatal period determines the state of blood microcirculation in tissues and the activity of many functional mechanisms at this stage of development. The activity of the disaggregation properties of blood vessels, which significantly determines the intensity of anabolism and, ultimately, the productivity of animals, is particularly important at this age. This study examined 31 healthy newborn piglets. A decrease in the amount of peroxidation products was found in the blood of all animals due to an increase in the antioxidant potential of their plasma, which created conditions in newborn piglets for weak alteration of the vascular endothelium and its optimal synthetic activity. This led to an increase in the vascular control over the platelet aggregation activity, maintaining the optimal blood flow in microvessels from the beginning of individual development.
Keywords: piglets, neonatal phase, blood vessels, platelets, aggregation, lipid peroxidation
Assessment of the Impact of Betulin on the Immune Status of Cows with Leukemia-Associated Infection
Authors: Vlasenko Vasily , Pleshakova Valentina , Bayseitov Sayat , Lescheva Nadezhda
Published: April 2021

This study examined the immunity dynamics of bovine brucellosis-complicated leukemia, as well as the efficacy of treatment with betulin. Blood serum samples were taken from cows with specific brucellosis antibodies and bovine leukemia virus antibodies based on the results of complex diagnostic studies. Animals (n = 5) selected based on serological studies were injected subcutaneously with betulin-PEG three times with an interval of 7 days at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Blood was taken for hematological and immunological studies before the injection, and after the first, second and third injections. It was found that leukemia and brucellosis infections were accompanied by a significant increase in the number of leukocytes and lymphoid cells, as well as strong fluctuations in the leukocyte functional and metabolic activity parameters (from insignificant in some individual animals to significantly increased in others). Immunological restructuring of the body after triplicate administration of betulin-PEG was characterized by the restoration of the number of lymphoid cells to the level of clinically healthy animals, as well as a significant increase in the functional and metabolic activity of the neutrophilic granulocytes, especially their oxygen-dependent systems. Based on the results, the product is recommended as an effective means to restrain the leukemia process that is complicated with associated infection, as well as to use for seronegative animals in order to increase nonspecific resistance to BLV infection.
Keywords: leukemia, brucellosis, cattle, immune status, betulin, immunocorrection, associated infection
Ecological, Biological and Hematological Index of the Blood Analysis of Sturgeons (Acipenser) in the Caspian Sea
Authors: Abdulaeva Naid , Alieva Saniyat
Published: April 2021

The Caspian is a unique drainless water body with no connection to the ocean. This study of the peculiarities of blood cell composition of the Russian sturgeon (Acipenser güldenstädtii) and sevruga (Acipenser stellatus) revealed minor destructive disorders of the blood cells. The number of blood cells also deviated from conditional norms. The study of the leukocyte profile of sturgeons showed the granular forms of leukocytes, band neutrophils and eosinophils, and segmentonuclear neutrophils and eosinophils. The total number of granulocytes in the blood of the Russian sturgeon was increased, which indicated the activation of the body’s protective systems in response to the anthropogenic load. In cytomorphological terms, the destructive disorders were revealed. Such phenomena are associated with the ever-increasing anthropogenic load on the biocenoses of natural reservoirs. Summarizing the results, it can be concluded that the quantitative indicators of red blood in the Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii) and sevruga (Acipenser stellatus) caught off of the Dagestan coast of the Caspian Sea were reduced in the spring of 2018 compared to 2016, but were in the normal range given in the literature. The concentration of hemoglobin in the Russian sturgeon and sevruga in 2016 was 13% and 15% higher than in 2014, respectively. This phenomenon could be a measure to compensate for the lack of oxygen in various fish tissues and organs.
Keywords: Russian sturgeon, red blood cells, lymphocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, anisocytosis, cytolysis of red blood cells