bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ends and Means of Knowledge Management: Tacit Knowledge to Explicit Knowledge Conversion
Authors: Zhernov Evgeny
Published: April 2023

The author interprets conversion of tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge as means-end of knowledge management. The subject of the article is tacit knowledge owned by an employee. The purpose is to reveal the reason for the conversion of non-formalized knowledge of employees to formalized knowledge of a firm. For the knowledge-based production, it is not necessary to formalize all knowledge. The conversion of non-formalized knowledge of employees to formalized knowledge of the organization is one of the functional goals of the firm owner, necessary to obtain stable profit without the direct participation of employees, as well as an end in itself for knowledge managers. The study can serve as a starting point for continuing scientific research in the field of tacit knowledge and as theoretical basis for the development of practical measures for using the knowledge of employees with due respect to their legitimate interests and rights.
Inclusión financiera y complejidad económica en México
Authors: González Sierra Juan Antonio , Pérez Hernández Carla Carolina , Mendoza Moheno Jessica
Published: April 2023

El objetivo del trabajo es examinar la relación entre inclusión financiera y complejidad económica en México. Para ello, se desarrolló un estudio empírico haciendo las estimaciones del Índice de Complejidad Económica y el Índice de Inclusión Financiera (de acceso y uso) para el año 2018. A partir de dichos índices se realiza un análisis descriptivo, correlacional y exploratorio de datos espaciales. Los resultados muestran que “la inclusión financiera y la complejidad tienen una correlación directa, intensa y significativa, aunado a una autocorrelación espacial positiva”. Lo anterior es evidencia empírica valiosa porque se demuestra que los polos de alta complejidad económica son a su vez polos de inclusión financiera (uso) y que las zonas significativamente bajas en términos de complejidad son zonas de exclusión financiera (acceso). Una limitación del trabajo es que se basa en 2 de las 4 dimensiones de la inclusión financiera y su originalidad radica en que no existen estudios previos que relacionen la inclusión financiera con la complejidad y que ésta última es calculada haciendo uso de un mejor proxy de las capacidades industriales a escala municipal.
Efectos del endeudamiento de los hogares mexicanos en su ahorro y consumo: Un enfoque de Ciencia de datos
Authors: Cerda-Guillén Guillermo , Cruz-Aké Salvador , Martínez-Palacios María Teresa Verónica
Published: April 2023

El objetivo de esta investigación es agrupar muestras de hogares endeudados mexicanos que compartan atributos socioeconómicos similares mediante el algoritmo k-medias de manera que se estimen modelos no lineales para medir los efectos de la deuda de cada grupo en su ahorro y consumo. El algoritmo se implementó sobre hogares endeudados incluidos en la ENIGH 2018. Como resultado se conformaron cuatro clústeres donde uno sobresalió al conformar el 3.4% de la muestra, sin embargo, su tasa de endeudamiento promedio excede en 53 puntos porcentuales a la tasa de endeudamiento promedio del resto de los clústeres. Se recomienda el uso de técnicas de agrupación modernas para aprovechar la abundancia de datos oficiales y para elaborar políticas económicas, basadas en datos, dirigidas a grupos particulares de la población. La originalidad de esta investigación se basa en el uso de un algoritmo no supervisado para la elección de la muestra estudiada. Como conclusión los hogares con mayores niveles de sobreendeudamiento se conforman por aquellos donde el jefe cuenta con estudios superiores, indistintamente del decil de ingreso al que pertenezca el hogar.
Prima para la cobertura por exceso de contagios de COVID-19
Authors: Sierra Juárez Guillermo
Published: April 2023

Con la aparición del COVID-19 muchos de los sectores de la economía resultaron afectados negativamente, particularmente el de seguros. Con el apoyo de los gobiernos o de las reaseguradoras mediante el pago de una prima las compañías aseguradoras podrían recibir un recurso contingente ante el exceso de contagios provocados por la pandemia. El presente trabajo calcula la prima para cubrir el exceso de población afectada con un modelo de opciones financieras con un proceso de difusión sin y con saltos de Poisson y el modelo epidemiológico Susceptibles-Infectados-Recuperados (SIR), esta propuesta no cuenta con muchos precedentes. El sistema obtenido se aproxima con el método de simulación Monte Carlo. Al final se presentan los resultados donde hay diferencias importantes en las primas de las opciones al incluir saltos de Poisson. Por último, dentro de las principales conclusiones se destaca que el valor de la prima depende de la trayectoria de comportamiento de los contagios y del valor de ejercicio del contagio (K). El trabajo tiene limitaciones al aplicarse a casos muy particulares, pero que podrían extenderse a casos más reales en investigaciones futuras.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Total dan Fenolik Total Ekstrak Sidaguri (Sida rhombifolia L.)
Authors: Asma Asma , Rohman Abdul , Santosa Djoko , Rafi Mohamad , Aminah Nanik Siti , Insanu Muhamad , Irnawati Irnawati
Published: April 2023

Sidaguri atau Sida rhombifolia L. telah digunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai obat tradisional, yaitu: penghilang rasa nyeri, radang, asam urat, penyakit kuning, muntah darah, dan sakit gigi. Faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi kandungan metabolit sekunder adalah kondisi lingkungan seperti tempat tumbuh, iklim, interaksi intra dan inter-spesifik serta waktu panen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan serta kadar flavonoid dan fenolik total ekstrak sidaguri berdasarkan tempat tumbuh. Sampel diekstraksi dengan ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) dan diuji penangkapan radikal bebas menggunakan metode 2,2’-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) dan 2,2’-azino-bis(3-diethyl4benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), serta penetapan kadar flavonoid total dan kandungan fenolik total. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan sidaguri dari Cangkringan dan Ngemplak memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi baik pada metode penangkapan radikal DPPH dengan nilai IC50 masing-masing sebesar 0,400±0,004 dan 0,403±0,004 mg/mL, maupun metode ABTS dengan nilai TEAC masing-masing sebesar 40,733±0,240 dan 35,598±0,153 mg/g serbuk sidaguri, dengan kadar flavonoid total masing-masing sebesar 10,095±0,068 dan 12,066±0,025 mg/g serbuk sidaguri dan kadar fenolik total masing-masing sebesar 56,45±0,068 dan 31,502±0,025 mg/g serbuk sidaguri.
Potential Activity of Caryophyllene Derivatives as Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor: An in silico Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Analysis
Authors: Setiawansyah Arif , Gemantari Baiq Maylinda
Published: April 2023

As the enzyme responsible for the uric acid formation, Xanthine oxidase was considered to be a therapeutic target for hyperuricemic treatment. This study was carried out to assess the potential of caryophyllene, and its derivates usually present in the natural product to inhibit Xanthine oxidase. The molecular docking using Autodock Tool and Biovia Discovery Studio was conducted to visualize the molecular interaction and to reveal the structure-activity relationship of those compounds. The results showed that the derivates of caryophyllene showed a higher affinity to Xanthine Oxide than Allopurinol. Among those all, caryophyllene oxide has the most stable bonding to xanthine oxide. Structure-activity relationship analysis showed that the chemical properties of the compound affected the affinity and molecular interaction to the enzyme as the target site in this study. The number of double bonds, substituents position, conformational structure related to steric hindrance, and the presence of lactone ring were assumed to influence the xanthine oxide inhibitory activity of caryophyllene derivates.
Development of teaching and learning materials on absolute age of rocks about the Earth Science I using spreadsheet
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim MinKyoung , Wee SooMeen
Published: April 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to develop teaching and learning materials including “mathematical thinking and computer use” inquiry function in absolute dating of rocks unit of high school earth science Ⅰ of revision education of 2015. Methods Units and concepts were extracted to utilize mathematical thinking and computer use function, and teaching and learning materials were selected in absolute dating of rocks for five radioactive isotopes. We have selected spreadsheets which are frequently used as learning tools in mathematics and science subjects of computer programs. We have developed teaching and learning materials to analyze achievement standards by analyzing textbooks revised in 2015. Results The results of this study are as follows. We developed a teaching and learning material using spreadsheets as exploratory activities presented in the existing curriculum to help students understand why the radioactive isotopes have constant the half-life. After analyzing five high school Earth Science I textbooks and selecting five commonly included radioactive isotopes, we have developed the teaching and learning materials that can comprehend the absolute age by using the parent element amount (%) of the radioactive isotope and visualize the result in the form of graph and clock. Conclusions All the items were answered positively in the questionnaire results on the usefulness, reliability, appropriateness of the application time and preference of the teaching and learning materials developed for the in-service teachers and the pre-service teachers about the developed teaching and learning materials.
The Mediating Effect of Safety behavior on the relationship between Experiential Avoidance and Social Anxiety
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Bae Mi-rok , Won Sung-Doo
Published: April 2023

Objectives The present study aimed to examine whether safety behavior mediates the effect of experiential avoidance on social anxiety. Methods 352 undergraduate students were recruited both online and offline to complete a questionnaire including a Social Phobia Scale(SPS), Social Interaction Anxiety Scale(SIAS), Korean version of the Multidimensional experiential avoidance questionnaire(K-MEAQ-24), and Subtle Avoidance Frequency Examination(SAFE). Results As a result of correlation analysis, there was a significant positive correlation between experience avoidance, safety behavior, and social anxiety, and the normality of the distribution was confirmed when examining the skewness and kurtosis of major variables. In addition, when verifying the measurement model through the structural equation, the model-fit was appropriate, and the factor load of all measurement variables was significant. After that, a complete mediation competitive model was assumed and compared with the partial mediation model, a chi-square difference test result showed a significant difference, and a larger explanatory research model was adopted, that is, subtle safety behavior mediated the relationship between experience avoidance and social anxiety. Conclusions Results suggest that unwillingness to experience distressful thoughts and emotions leads to dependence on avoidance behavior. Moreover, the unwillingness might increase anxiety which the individual feels in social performance and interactive situations.
A Study on the Effect of Work-Family Balance Conflicts on Parental Role Satisfaction and Children's Problem Behavior
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Hyo-Jung , Jo Dong-Hyuk , Cho Hee Jun
Published: April 2023

Objectives This study was intended to empirically verify the structural relationships among work-family balance conflicts, parenting stress, negative parenting attitudes, parental role satisfaction, and problem behaviors of children in order to identify the social and environmental factors of parents that affect the problem behaviors of children. Methods In order to achieve the purpose of this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted with working parents raising children aged 3-7 years, and 521 copies of the collected data were used to test the study hypothesis utilizing the structural equation model and multi-group analysis technique. For the structural equation model, first, the suitability of the measurement model and the reliability and validity of the measurement tool were verified, and then, after verifying the suitability of the structural model, the path coefficient between latent variables was checked to verify the hypothesis. Results As a result of the study, first, work-family balance conflicts were shown to have positive (+) effects on parenting stress, but no significant effect on negative parenting attitudes. Second, parenting stress was shown to have positive (+) effects on negative parenting attitudes and problematic behaviors of children, but no significant effect on parental role satisfaction. Third, negative parenting attitudes were shown to have negative (-) effects on parental role satisfaction and positive (+) effects on problem behaviors of children. Fourth, parental role satisfaction was found to have negative (-) effects on problem behaviors of children. Conclusions This study can be said to be meaningful in that it presented the directivity to promote parents’ work-life balance, the establishment of family policies to promote children’s desirable emotional and behavioral development, and the improvement of welfare services to support families.
A story of preservice teachers on the demand for class improvement in early childhood teacher training institute: Focusing on 2-year early childhood teacher training institute
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Suh Hye-jeong
Published: April 2023

Objectives This study explored the direction of improvement of the teacher training institution through the story of teacher training education of two pre-service teachers in the early childhood education department of B University. Methods The study participants were two pre-service teachers in the early childhood education department of B University. Data were collected through in-depth interviews from September 28, 2019 to June 10, 2020. Data were analyzed by inductive analysis method. Key words were created by segmenting meaningful texts from the original data. The key words were categorized again, and the representative key words were built to form the research axis. Results As a result of the study, pre-service teachers said that change was necessary; 1. teaching by applying the 2019 revised Nuri course, 2. teaching that connects theory and practice, 3. empowering professors in early childhood-directed(child-centered) practice, 4. teaching with learner participation, 5. bridging the Gap Between Professors, 6. teaching that makes learning memorable. Conclusions This study suggests the need to seek the direction of pre-service teacher education through the voice of the beneficiary, the pre-service teacher, rather than looking on the direction of teacher nurturing education conducted in universities only as the domain of the professor.
Changes in 3rd and 4th grade elementary student’s mathematical achievement before and after the outbreak of COVID-19: Focusing on latent profile analysis
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Ko Seoyeon , Son Seunghyun
Published: April 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to empirically verify whether there is a change in the mathematical achievement of 3rd and 4th grade elementary students before and after COVID-19, focusing on latent profile analysis. Methods For this purpose, tests were conducted using the Elementary Math Word-problem Curriculum Based Assessment before the COVID-19 pandemic(2019) and after the COVID-19 pandemic(2020). Excluding the data with missing values, the main results obtained by analyzing the data of 324 3rd graders and 280 4th graders, total 604 students in 2019 and 389 3rd graders and 317 4th graders, total 706 students in 2020 are as follows. Results First, as a result of examining the difference in mathematical achievement for each sub-domain between the 3rd and 4th graders in 2019 and 2020, it was found that there was no significant difference in the 3rd grader, but the 4th grader showed a decrease in mathematical achievement. In particular, the decline in academic ability was remarkable in the areas of figures and measurement, which is important to understand concepts using concrete objects. Second, as a result of latent profile analysis for 3rd grader, the number of latent profile from 4 in 2019 decreased to 3 in 2020. Third, as a result of latent profile analysis for 4th grader, It was confirmed a polarized distribution with decreasing middle class ratio. Conclusions This means that elementary school students also have an achievement gap due to COVID-19. Based on the results of this study, the significance and limitations of this study were discussed.
A meta-analysis on the Learning Effects of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in Higher Education
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Park Ha Eun , Jung Yujin , Jo Il-Hyun , Lim Kyu Yon
Published: April 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the learning effects of problem-based learning(PBL) implemented in universities in Korea and to provide implications for the instructional design of PBL in higher education. Methods Researchers collected manuscripts published in academic journals and dissertations related to PBL conducted in Korea from 2010 to September 2022, and finally selected 116 studies following the PICOS approach. We conducted a meta-analysis to analyze the overall effects, the effect sizes for cognitive and affective variables, and the effects of moderating variables using CMA software. Results As a result of analyzing 392 effect sizes from the 116 research results, the overall effect size of PBL was 0.737, indicating an intermediate effect size. The effect sizes for cognitive and affective variables were 0.582 and 0.837 respectively, which indicates affective variables showed significantly higher effect size than cognitive variables. Moderating variables were academic domains, curriculum, learning environment, and program duration. Among the moderating effect of subgroups, the effect size of the academic domains was significantly larger in the order of humanities, social sciences, arts and physical education, natural sciences, and engineering. Regarding the curriculum variable, the effect size was significantly larger in the order of the teaching professional subjects curriculum, the major curriculum, and the liberal arts curriculum. Conclusions Based on the results, it was suggested that further research on the design and delivery of PBL in various learning environments is needed. The results of this study are expected to be used as a basis for effective PBL design in higher education.
Development and Validation of Empathy scale for Early Childhood Teachers
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Shin Jeongae
Published: April 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a empathy scale for early childhood teachers. Methods To this end, 128 preliminary questions were developed through literature review. Next, the opinions of 5 experts were collected through content validity verification, and 56 items were extracted through validity testing. Afterwards, a preliminary survey was conducted on 20 teachers, and a main survey was conducted on 342 teachers. After exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted, the validity and reliability were finally verified. Results Based on the research results, a tool was developed to measure the empathy ability of early childhood teachers. This tool consisted of 15 items for empathy for infants and 11 items for empathy for adults. Finally, the early childhood teacher empathy ability measurement tool consisted of 26 items with 2 sub-factors. Conclusions This scale is expected to be useful data for the development of follow-up research by measuring the empathy ability of early childhood teachers and revealing the relationship with related factors.
New Conceptual Frameworks of Problem Types
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Byun Hyunjunb
Published: April 2023

Objectives This study attempted to explore and propose a new conceptual framework of four problem types that can be used in the field of education. There are three research questions as follows. First, what is the new problem type according to the structure and attributes of the problem? Second, what is the direction of the learning goal implied by the new problem type? Third, how can the problem type be used in classes? Methods Previous studies focusing on the structure and type of problems conducted for about 60 years from the 1960s to 2020 were investigated and analyzed. In addition, cases of related problems were compared and reviewed. Results First, the types of problems were newly proposed into four types: well-structure, quasi-structure, ill-structure, and null-structure regarding the perspective of the structure and operation of the problem space. By distinguishing the quasi-structure from the explanation divided into the well-structure and Ill-structure, the types of problems used in the class were specified, and the perspective on the problem was expanded by adding a null-structure. Second, The four problem types were analyzed from the perspective of ‘problem solving’ and ‘problem finding’. Third, it was explained that the problem type should be selected based on the learning goal for use in class, and the design of the learning experience should be made considering the structure and operation of the problem type. Conclusions As learners' active participation in classes continues to be emphasized, it is required to utilize the problem based on a clear understanding of the type of problem and its attributes. It is expected that the new conceptual framework of the four problem types proposed through this study can be used as a guide to reflect the direction of the problem types and learning goals used at the class and curriculum level and to plan the direction of education.
A Study on Ethical Leadership, Ethical Sensitivity, Ethical Climate, and Nursing Performance of Clinical Nurses
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Hwang Kyeong Mi
Published: April 2023

Objectives This study, to construct a model that can predict the ethical climate and nursing performance of clinical nurses, this study establishes a hypothetical model to explain the ethical climate and nursing performance of clinical nurses based on previous studies on ethical leadership and ethical sensitivity. The purpose of this study is to verify the fit of the model and the structural model that tests the hypotheses presented in the model through the collected data. Methods The subjects of the study were three general hospitals with 250 beds or more located in S and Y cities, and filled out a structured questionnaire for 239 clinical nurses as the population as a convenience sample, from September 1 to September 30, 2022. data were collected until For statistical analysis, SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 25.0 programs were used, and structural equation model analysis (SEM) was used. Results There was a statistically significant difference in the ethical climate according to the general characteristics of the study subjects, such as work department, position, and place of nursing ethics education (F=3.307, p<.05). As for the working department, internal medicine ward and other were higher than intensive care unit (F=2.298, p<.05), and the position of other was higher than that of head nurse and chief nurse (F=2.725, p<.05). However, in the places where nursing ethics education was received, the maintenance education was higher than the practical education in the hospital. Ethical climate showed a statistically significant positive (+) correlation with ethical leadership (r=.642, p<.001), and ethical climate showed a statistically significant positive (+) correlation with ethical sensitivity. showed (r=.677, p<.001). Nursing performance showed a statistically significant positive (+) correlation with ethical leadership (r=.510, p<.001), and nursing performance had a statistically significant positive (+) correlation with ethical sensitivity. (r=.667, p<.001), and ethical sensitivity showed a statistically significant positive (+) correlation with ethical leadership (r=.522, p<.001). Conclusions Efficient organizational management and ethical leadership are needed to improve clinical nurses' ethical sensitivity and improve ethical climate and nursing work performance, and various nursing intervention programs are needed to adapt to the organization.
GASTOS AMBIENTAIS, FATORES EXPLICATIVOS NOS MUNICÍPIOS DA REGIÃO OESTE E SUDOESTE DO PARANÁ
Authors: Paris Dilce Simões dos Santos , Cescon José Antonio , Martins Vinícius Abílio , Roesler Douglas André
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: identificar quais são os fatores explicativos para o volume de aplicação de recursos relacionado ao meio ambiente nos municípios da região Oeste e Sudoeste do Paraná.
Método/abordagem: levantamento de dados com uma abordagem e análise qualitativa e quantitativa das variáveis pesquisadas do problema. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida como um estudo empírico através de levantamento de dados de forma direta e/ou indireta através da internet na página dos municípios da amostra.
Principais Resultados: Com base de função 18 dos Planos Plurianuais, foi possível identificar que alguns municípios apresentam em relação a outros, um maior compromisso com o meio ambiente referente ao percentual de recursos aplicados. Os resultados também demonstram que há uma vinculação do tamanho da população, do índice da educação básica, como fatores explicativos para uma maior destinação de recursos para meio ambiente, frente as despesas totais dos municípios.
Contribuições teóricas/práticas/sociais: Contribui com a literatura na medida em que se propõe analisar a relação do nível de investimento em gestão ambiental dos municípios sob os preceitos da teoria da agência e teoria dos stakeholders, bem como contribui para a área ambiental no que se refere a fomentar o acompanhamento das ações e gastos em gestão ambiental nos municípios que compõem a amostra, e assim, procura demonstrar a transparência lançada sobre os mencionados gastos.
Originalidade/relevância: A relevância e justificativa do estudo está na importância da efetivação do controle social feito pelo cidadão sobre as ações do gestor público considerando o compromisso assumido frente a Agenda 2030.
PENGARUH PENYIRAMAN DAN PERENDAMAN TANDAN BUAH KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP BERAT TANDAN BUAH KELAPA SAWIT DAN ASAM LEMAK BEBAS MINYAK SAWIT
Authors: Hasibuan Hasrul Abdi
Published: April 2023

Praktik penyiraman tandan buah kelapa sawit sering dilakukan oleh beberapa pengumpul (agen) saat pengangkutan tandan buah kelapa sawit ke pabrik kelapa sawit (PKS). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penyiraman dan perendaman tandan buah kelapa sawit terhadap berat tandan buah kelapa sawit dan asam lemak bebas (ALB) minyak sawit. Sampel tandan buah kelapa sawit yang digunakan adalah tandan buah segar dan tandan buah yang diinapkan selama 1 dan 2 hari. Penyiraman tandan buah kelapa sawit dilakukan dengan memvariasikan waktu penirisan selama 15-180 menit. Perendaman tandan buah kelapa sawit dilakukan selama 30-120 menit dan kemudian ditiriskan selama 30 menit. Penyiraman tandan buah kelapa sawit cenderung meningkatkan berat tandan buah kelapa sawit dan besarnya peningkatan berat tandan buah kelapa sawit sangat tergantung pada waktu penirisan. Perendaman tandan buah kelapa sawit juga meningkatkan berat tandan buah kelapa sawit dan besarnya peningkatan berat sangat tergantung pada waktu perendaman. Kadar ALB minyak pada tandan buah segar dan tandan buah yang diinapkan dengan perlakuan penyiraman dan perendaman cenderung meningkat seiring dengan semakin lama waktu penirisan setelah penyiraman dan waktu perendaman. Peningkatan ALB tertinggi terjadi pada buah yang diinapkan selama 2 hari. Oleh karena itu, sebaiknya buah tidak diinapkan, disiram atau direndam.
PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT PADA LAHAN DENGAN TANAMAN PENUTUP TANAH MUCUNA BRACTEATA YANG TIDAK TERAWAT DAN ALANG-ALANG (IMPERATA CYLINDRICA)
Authors: Syarovy Muhdan , Santoso Heri , Sembiring Deby Setyany
Published: April 2023

Mucuna bracteata (MB) merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman penutup tanah (cover crop) yang banyak digunakan di perkebunan kelapa sawit. Tanaman ini memiliki kelebihan diantaranya mampu memproduksi biomasa yang banyak, mengandung N lebih tinggi, berumur panjang, tahan terhadap naungan dan memiliki pertumbuhan yang cepat. Namun demikian, apabila pemeliharaan MB tidak dilakukan sesuai standar maka akan mengganggu pertumbuhan tanaman kelapa sawit. Hal ini karena sifat MB yang akan tumbuh menjalar dan melilit apapun yang ada disekitarnya. Bahkan, pada beberapa kasus tanaman kelapa sawit dapat mati akibat tanaman tidak mendapatkan ruang tumbuh dan cahaya yang cukup untuk melakukan aktivitas fotosintesis. Disisi lain, areal tanaman kelapa sawit yang tidak ditanam cover crop akan mengakibatkan pertumbuhan gulma terutama alang-alang menjadi tidak terkendali. Selain itu, gulma alang-alang dapat menghasilkan senyawa alelopati yang berdampak buruk bagi pertumbuhan kelapa sawit. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pertumbuhan kelapa sawit tanpa pemeliharaan MB dan tanaman kelapa sawit yang seluruh arealnya didominasi oleh pertumbuhan gulma alang-alang. Studi kasus penelitian ini dilakukan di salah satu kebun di Kalimantan Barat dan Kalimantan Selatan yang tidak melakukan kegiatan kultur teknis sesuai standar termasuk pemupukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman kelapa sawit pada lahan dengan tanaman penutup tanah MB walaupun tanpa pemeliharaan memiliki pertumbuhan yang lebih baik dibandingkan pada areal dengan tanaman penutup tanah alang-alang. Hal ini tercermin dari kondisi visual dan pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman.
Comparative analysis of public opinion for the acceptance of nuclear energy use in Mongolia
Authors: S Odmaa , S Davaa , G Nyamdulam , G Manlaijav
Published: April 2023

The Mongolian government has a policy to opt a nuclear power as one of the sources ofenergy in the future. Analysis of public opinion based on the standard survey questionnaireto identify the general public attitude towards nuclear energy use in Mongolia was conductedfor the first time in Mongolia in 2011 and for the second time in 2015 for the purpose offurther tendency redefining of the public acceptance. The objective of the present paper was to compare the results of the surveys held in 2011 and 2015, and to discuss the alteration and/or the same status in public attitude to nuclear energy use in Mongolia. Based on the results, the main and contributing factors influencing the public opinion for the acceptance of nuclear energy use in Mongolia and the possible reasons forming the public attitude were determined. The results show that Mongolian public opinion on the nuclear energy benefits is likely to be more positive, reasoned mainly by some inevitable factors.PACS number: 01.75.+m, 01.78.+p
Development of a methodology for assessing the investment attractiveness of regional economic entities of the electrotechnical cluster
Authors: Mitrofanov Evgenii P. , Kulagina Alevtina G. , Antipova Tatyana V. , Solodova Elena A.
Published: April 2023

The functioning of domestic enterprises in modern conditions is becoming more complicated due to the sanctions imposed on Russia. Constant monitoring of the level of investment attractiveness of enterprises contributes, firstly, to identifying the most vulnerable aspects of the development of the enterprise and making management decisions to eliminate them; secondly, to attracting external investment for the further development of the enterprise. The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology for assessing the level of investment attractiveness of the electrical industry enterprises in the region and its application to the economic entities of the region. A comparative analysis of existing methods for assessing the investment attractiveness of enterprises is used to determine the initial indicators, considering the specifics of the activities of the enterprises under study. With the help of a component analysis of the selected 14 initial indicators, such as the coefficient of financial independence, the coefficient of financial stability, the coefficient of provision with own working capital, the solvency of the enterprise, the coefficient of current liquidity, economic profitability, net profitability, profitability of inventories, profitability of non-current assets, profitability of current assets, turnover of equity, turnover of inventories, turnover of accounts receivable, etc. turnover of accounts payable, a group of three enlarged and independent factors is identified. According to the method of potential functions, functional dependencies are determined both within the factors and the factors themselves, according to which the level of investment attractiveness of the leading enterprises of the electrical industry in the region is estimated. From the authors’ point of view, the weighting coefficients of the obtained potential functions can be used by the management of enterprises as levers of influence on the level of investment attractiveness of an economic entity, especially in the conditions of the economic crisis in the country and changes in the ruble exchange rate against foreign currencies.
Review of the monograph: Volgina, N.A., Liu, Pengfei (2023). China in Global Value Chains. Moscow: KNORUS publ., 174 p.
Authors: Orekhovsky Petr A.
Published: April 2023

The review is devoted to the assessment of the monograph by N.A. Volgina and Liu Pengfei “China in Global Value Chains”. Based on the input-output methodological approach and the principle of decomposition of gross exports, the authors come to a number of relevant conclusions that depict the dynamics of China’s participation in global value chains. Thus, the last decades have been characterized by uneven growth of Chinese domestic and foreign value added: domestic value added has grown at a faster rate than foreign value added, and its share in gross exports has gradually increased. At the same time, there has been a drop in China’s “participation index” in global value chains, and this decrease was developing at the expense of a decrease in upward participation. The “position Index” was characterized by a different trend: its slow growth from negative to positive values was observed, which reflected the fact that China’s income from value-added trade was increasing. The authors’ calculations show that there are differences in the dynamics of “indices of participation” of individual industries in value chains: the share of labourintensive industries is decreasing and the share of capital-intensive industries, primarily engineering, is increasing. For the first time in Russian economic literature, this monograph critically assesses the contribution of Chinese economists to the study of the formation of global and regional value chains in China. In the final part of the monograph, the authors point out the contradictory effects of China’s participation in global value chains, which include both the benefits and risks of such integration.
Key problems of the foreign medicines contract production organization in developing countries
Authors: Chernikov Sergey U. , Zobov Alexander M. , Degtereva Ekaterina A.
Published: April 2023

Contract manufacturing is gaining momentum in the pharmaceutical industry. Many pharmaceutical companies that do not have enough time and financial resources to build a fullfledged drug development chain transfer some or all phases of development and production to outsourcing. Today, many even large pharmaceutical companies transfer production to developing countries on a contract basis in order to reduce costs. However, despite a number of advantages of outsourcing, it is worth considering the rather significant barriers to the organization of contract manufacturing of medicines in developing countries. The article discusses the main difficulties in organizing contract manufacturing, primarily on examples from other science-intensive and capital-intensive industries. The study shows the similarity of the difficulties that arise when transferring this practice to the pharmaceutical industry. It is also emphasized that in the world of pharmaceuticals there is a growing trend towards the use of generic drugs. One of the undeniable advantages of their production is their economic availability compared to the originals, however, it imposes increased requirements on the contract manufacturer due to the importance of not deviating too far from the original recipe. The research revealed that countries such as China, India and Japan occupy significant shares of the pharmaceutical contract manufacturing market, including generics - primarily due to various combinations of low labor costs, capital and overhead costs (compared to the United States and Europe), tax incentives and, as a result, underestimated production costs. This circumstance is extremely important for the current situation in the pharmaceutical industry in Russia, which must simultaneously make up for the dropped import volumes of finished drugs, and at the same time speed up the stalled import substitution of a number of the most critical products. As a result and purpose of the study, it is possible to identify the identified barriers to speeding up the organization of pharmaceutical contract manufacturing of drugs necessary for the domestic market, to take them into account in the process of developing appropriate government measures.
Censorship and Self-Censorship in the Letters of Salaspils Camp Prisoners
Authors:   University of Latvia, Birzniece Māra
Published: April 2023

The study of World War II correspondence is relevant to communication science; furthermore, it is an interdisciplinary topic that provides insight into the representation of places of incarceration and related aspects. By studying the letters of people imprisoned in the Salaspils camp, it is possible to establish the depiction of censorship and self-censorship of that time, as well as other categories (for example, relationships, communication, conditions, etc.) from the perspective of the authors of the correspondence. At present, it is possible to observe similarities with the censorship implemented in Russia and the methods of limiting information with the methods how censorship was achieved during World War II and the era of Nazi Germany. The state power strictly controls the information space and restricts freedom of speech. The aim of the work is to analyse the presence of censorship and self-censorship in the correspondence by prisoners of the Salaspils camp. The theoretical part of the paper consists of the study of interpersonal communication with an emphasis on the communication by letters, censorship and self-censorship in the totalitarian regime. The research results have been obtained using qualitative and quantitative content analysis. The censorship stamp appears in 24 of the 123 prisoners’ letters, revealing the presence of censorship and self-censorship. The letters employ the technique of self-censorship suppression and interpretation. In the letters with a stamp, self-censorship appears explicitly, substantiated by providing minimal negative information about the conditions and events in the camp. The letters, which do not have a censorship stamp, expressly contain negative information about the events in the Salaspils camp, such as mortality of children, blood sampling, deportations and interrogations. Comparing the correspondence that has been inspected with the correspondence that does not have a censorship stamp, it was concluded that such letters (without a stamp) were delivered to the addressee by unofficial means, for example, by taking these letters out of the camp territory and handing them over during working hours, making arrangements with the guards or other prisoners.
Oncological Disease Narrative: Analysis of Masculinity Aspect in Men’s Experience Stories
Authors:   University of Latvia, Kotovs Svjatoslavs
Published: April 2023

The aim of the paper is to clarify the narrative of oncological disease in men’s experience stories and to analyse the masculinity aspect in them. The theoretical part of the work consists of the study of the sociological and anthropological aspects of the illness, the definition of the illness narrative, contextualizing all of this with theories of masculinities. The data has been collected through narrative interviews with men who have an experience of oncological disease. A narrative approach and psychoanalytic criticism were used for the analysis of the collected data. The men constructed their illness-related experiences through the prism of masculinity, with a particular focus on changes in the body and masculine identity.
Efforts to Prevent Child Age Marriage in The Study of Islamic Legal Philosophy and Indonesia Positive Law
Authors: Amberi Mariani
Published: April 2023

Children are the next generation of the nation who are expected to become ideal human beings, tough, superior, competitive and responsive to changing times, as well as being able to become a driving force for community and nation development to break down weakness, poverty and underdevelopment. The quality of Indonesian children greatly determines the existence and ability of the Indonesian nation to compete with other countries. This study uses the library research method (normative law) with an approach to law and philosophy of Islamic law. The data analyzed are legal rules contained in Islamic law and positive law. The research concluded that the fulfillment of children's rights is highly dependent on the government, society, the business world, and the media being present to be able to provide comprehensive protection. However, this will not be achieved because child marriage in Indonesia is still quite high. In global discourse, child marriage is considered a tradition that harms and protects human rights. The main negative consequences for girls are reduced risks of educational opportunities, reproductive health and increased risks of maternal and child mortality. Child marriage is also a source of psychological trauma and domestic and sexual violence. The results of this study indicate that the government has made efforts to reduce the number of child marriages with various regulations and policies, although they are considered not optimal, partly because there are no sanctions for perpetrators of child marriage. But there are still many who argue because in Islamic family law it is permissible to marry after puberty. Therefore, this article argues that form perspective of the philosophy of Islamic law, child marriage causes more harm, therefore prevention efforts must be supported by various elements, goverments, family, legal actor and society.
Felelősségi kérdések a telemedicina-szolgáltatásban
Authors: Kovács Gábor
Published: April 2023

A távközlési eszközök segítségével távolról nyújtott orvosi segítség első alkalmazására röviddel a telefon feltalálását követően (1876) sor került. A másfél százados múlt mellé ugyanakkor csak szerény jogalkotási aktivitás társult világszerte. A jogi és etikai szabályok esetében valóban elmondható, hogy döntően az utóbbi két évtizedben jelentek meg, és áttekintve azokat, némi hiányérzetünk támad. Hogyan ítélhető meg az ellátó orvos büntetőjogi felelőssége a jelenlegi telemedicina-szabályok alapján? Hogyan lehet a betegbiztonság, a betegellátás, a transzparencia, az ellenőrizhetőség és az igazságszolgáltatás követelményeinek egyaránt megfelelő szabályrendszert alkotni? A feltett kérdések megválaszolása egyre sürgetőbb feladat. A megfelelő szabályrendszer ugyanakkor támogatólag hat a közreműködőkre, és segít megelőzni a hibákat, ezáltal limitálhatja a nem kívánt eseményeket.
Nutrition screening, assessment and intervention practices for children with cancer in Aotearoa, New Zealand
Authors: Pugh Gemma , Lovell Amy L. , Laughton Stephen , Wood Andrew
Published: April 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate
dietetic resource and current nutrition screening, assessment and
intervention practices in paediatric oncology centres in Aotearoa, New
Zealand. Methods: A national survey of the two specialist
treatment centres and 14 Shared Care Centres (SCC’s) that provide care
to childhood cancer patients in Aotearoa, New Zealand (NZ) was
conducted. Results: The two specialist treatment centres in
Aotearoa, NZ were the only centres with dedicated dietetic oncology FTE;
this FTE was devoted to inpatient care. Only 5 SCC’s (44%) had access
to general paediatric dietetic support. Dietetic cover for
outpatients/day-stay, and use of standardised nutrition screening and
assessment tools was limited. Weight and height were commonly measured
but there was inconsistency in the frequency and recording of
measurements. Nutrition interventions including nutrition education,
oral nutrition support (ONS), enteral nutrition (EN) and intravenous
nutrition (IVN) were available within all centres but criteria for
initiating support varied. Common barriers to providing nutrition
interventions included staff resourcing and ad-hoc referral pathways.
Awareness of the relevance and clinical benefit of nutrition in
paediatric oncology was low; suggestions to improve nutrition screening,
assessment and intervention within Aotearoa, New Zealand included the
creation of standardised screening and referral criteria.
Conclusion: Resource limitations and lack of nutritional
screening and assessment prevent adequate nutritional intervention for
children with cancer in Aotearoa, NZ. Akin to other high-income
countries there is a need to harmonise the management of nutritional
challenges among children with cancer. This study provides a first step
in establishing an evidence base to help support efforts to address this
need in Aotearoa, NZ.
On I-covering images of metric spaces
Authors: Zhou Xiangeng , Lin Shou
Published: April 2023

Let I be an ideal on N. A mapping f : X ? Y is called an I-covering mapping
provided a sequence {yn}n?N is I-converging to a point y in Y, there is a
sequence {xn}n?N converging to a point x in X such that x ? f ?1(y) and each
xn ? f ?1(yn). In this paper we study the spaces with certain I-cs-networks
and investigate the characterization of the images of metric spaces under
certain I-covering mappings, which prompts us to discover I-cs f -networks.
The following main results are obtained: (1) A space X has an I-cs f
-network if and only if X is a continuous and I-covering image of a metric
space. (2) A space X is an I-cs f -countable space if and only if X is a
continuous I-covering and boundary s-image of a metric space. (3) A space X
has a point-countable I-cs-network if and only if X is a continuous
I-covering and s-image of a metric space.