bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transformative Principles and Strategies of Education in China During the Cultural Revolution
Authors: Thapa Dharma Bahadur , Giri Surendra , Sharma Netra Prasad
Published: July 2024

This article attempts to explore the aims, principles and strategies of education adopted in China during the Proletarian Cultural Revolution which lasted for a decade (1966-1976). Although almost five decades have passed since its closure, it is still eliciting strong opinions for and against. Some approve it for its attempts of radical social transformation whereas others condemn it as a source of social and political disasters. Instead of taking the either side, this paper tries to present the theoretical premises and practices adopted in that period by using the authentic documents published by the Chinese Communist Party and the government. The analysis of these and other materials leads the writers to the conclusion that the education of that period was trial-based and strictly guided by Marxist- Leninist revolutionary principles and in many ways marked a radical departure not only from the old Chinese system of schooling but also from the contemporary education that was going on around the world.
The Criminal Law Policy for the Buyers of Pornographic Content
Authors: Dilla Nadia Rezkina , Rodliyah Hj. , Zunnuraeni
Published: July 2024

The prohibition of buying and selling pornographic content has been regulated in Article 4 paragraph (1) Act Number 44 of 2008 concerning Pornography, but in the case of Dea Onlyfans, the buyers of pornographic content are not given criminal sanctions, but only the sellers are given criminal sanctions. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the criminal law policy related to the buyers of pornographic content in the future. The research is normative research with a statutory, conceptual, and comparative approach, this research uses primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials, literature study is used as the technique of collecting legal materials and grammatical interpretation is used as the analysis of legal materials. The researchers found that criminal law policy towards the acts of pornographic content buyers can be done at the formulation stage, two options can be used. The first is to separate the phrase "selling" into two different phrases. The second is to add the meaning of the term "selling" in the explanation. This research concludes that the criminal law policy towards the acts of pornographic content buyers can be done at the formulation stage where two alternative options can be used.
System Information Object Gunungkidul Beach Tourism and Booking Travel Services Using the Laravel Framework
Authors: Anwar Fauzi Muhammad Afif , Rianto  , Saputra Nurirwan
Published: July 2024

Gunungkidul is famous for with beauty the beach is stunning. However, information about object tour beaches in Gunungkidul is Still scattered and difficult to access for tourists. Apart from that, tourists also experience difficulty in order tourist travel services To visit beaches. Thesis This aims To develop a system information object tour beach Gunungkidul and reservations tourist travel services using the Laravel framework. System This provides complete and accurate information​ about object tour beaches in Gunungkidul, as well as possible traveler order tourist travel services with easy and safe. Study This uses a method combination of Qualitative and quantitative with the Laravel framework system, which is a popular PHP framework For the development of web applications. Laravel provides various convenient features​ of development systems, such as routing, databases, and authentication. Data collection techniques use surveys created online​ with Google Forms. Study This uses waterfall methodology. The waterfall methodology is the methodology development of device linear software and processes sequentially. System This has been tested and proven can walk with Good. System This can help travelers get information about object tour beaches in Gunungkidul and order tourist travel services with ease and safety.
Planning System Gauge Strength Wind Based on the Internet of Things
Authors: Ari Wibowo Aziz , Hardyanto R. Hafid , Wahyu Ciptadi Prahenusa , Harry Pratisto Eko
Published: July 2024

The wind moves air​ from place One to somewhere else because there exists a different pressure of air. There are many​ benefits of wind for creatures living in the world, especially humans among them use wind by fishermen, generators of electricity power wind, and sports flight like kites.​ Prevention of disaster Because wind only can give warning to minimize casualties and damage in the area that occurs nipple pickaxe namely Anemometer as gauge speed wind. Besides a lot of benefits wind, however own impact bad adverse winds​ man. This tool is designed To measure the speed of the wind as well as minimize disasters caused by wind.​ This tool uses the ESP32 microcontroller as the main connected system through device wifi as Anemometer connections and sensors used as gauge strength wind, connected web server with a microcontroller via wifi as an interface for monitoring. Making tools using the data collection method used that is literature study, observation, and interviews. The system development stage consists of analysis, implementation system design as well as testing. Testing on the system is carried out with a test Anemometer sensor in an open area with monitoring using a connected web server with a microcontroller via wifi site testing with exists tool This measuring system design strength wind based on the Internet of Things.
Learning Ethics as Viewed by Bruneian Midwifery Students: A Thematic Analysis
Authors: Tuming Nur'ezzah Ezzaty , Zolkefli Yusrita
Published: July 2024

Background: There are several considerations that midwives must consider when providing care for their patients, partners, and newborns. This may give rise to nuanced ethical concerns, which entail midwives' readiness and capacity to recognise moral principles to recognise such concerns. The views of midwifery students regarding ethics education were examined in this study. Moreover, they reflected on their experiences with ethical concerns within clinical settings.
Methods: The study adopted a qualitative descriptive research design. Six final-year midwifery students who had completed clinical placements were emailed open-ended interview questions. The study was approved by the University Research Ethics Committee. Participants provided digital informed consent.
Results: Two broad themes were identified: (1) Adequacy in knowledge and (2) Between expectation and reality.
Conclusion: The midwifery students highlight that it is critical to recognise and be cognisant of ethical issues in the clinical setting, as they are common but not always easy to identify in a complex clinical environment. Subsequently, students must acquire knowledge of ethical concerns before their clinical rotations through practical examples and scenarios that demonstrate how to identify and confront such issues.
Review of Communication and Patient Safety
Authors: Abdullah Siti Nur Dini , Ruslan Rusila
Published: July 2024

Background: Addressing and improving communication skills among healthcare professionals is crucial not only for enhancing patient satisfaction but also for promoting positive health outcomes and overall healthcare quality. Therefore, this review aims to understand the communication skills among nursing and healthcare personnel.
Methods: The PICO format is employed to articulate the components of a well-structured clinical question, guiding the exploration of pertinent evidence for the literature review.
Results: A collective of 25 literature subjects relevant to the research topic were identified. The review yielded four main themes: (1) Establishing the definition of poor communication, (2) Underscoring the significance of communication skills, (3) Examining the impact of poor communication on patient safety, and (4) Identifying factors associated with inadequate communication. 
Conclusion: In summary, this review highlights the crucial need to understands the communication level of the nursing and healthcare personnel in ensuring patient safety.
When Student Midwives Make Clinical Mistakes: A Qualitative Study in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Halimi Fatin Najihah , Zolkefli Yusrita
Published: July 2024

Background: This study aimed to understand how student midwives perceive clinical mistakes and describe how they are supported by healthcare professionals when mistakes are made.
Methods: The study adopted an exploratory qualitative research design with a sample of 9 undergraduate midwifery students from a higher institution in Brunei Darussalam. Data was collected through semi-structured online interviews with five open-ended questions.
Results: Three broad themes were identified, namely: (1) Clinical mistakes as lessons, (2) Toxic work environment, and (3) Value of appropriate guidance.
Conclusion: The findings indicate the student midwives’ perceptions regarding mistakes encountered in the clinical setting. The student's capacity and motivation to learn were impeded by the unsupportive environment and unwelcoming attitudes demonstrated by certain midwives, including the mentors. However, they viewed clinical mistakes as opportunities to grow and learn. Furthermore, the students emphasised the significance of guidance and mentorship from clinical educators in developing proficient midwives. Thus, by recognising mistakes as learning opportunities and receiving the appropriate support from mentors, students may be better prepared to provide high-quality care for mothers and infants.
Application of the neural network apparatus for solving tasks of forecasting the state of complex systems.
Authors: A. VAZHYNSKY ,   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute», S. ZHUKOV ,   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute»
Published: July 2024

Approaches and algorithms for processing experimental data and data obtained as a result of using modern means of measuring equipment, selecting diagnostic parameters, pattern recognition, which constitute the methodological basis for developing methods and designing tools for creating a service system for complex industrial facilities based on predicting their performance and residual life are described in submitted article. Along with classical methods, methods based on using the full potential of the modern elemental base of microprocessor technology and the use of artificial neural networks, machine learning, and "big data" are discovered. The given examples can serve as the basis for constructing a methodology for the application of the considered approaches for organizing predictive maintenance of complex industrial equipment. An analytical review of a number of scientific publications showed that the creation of new automated diagnostic systems that can increase fault tolerance and extend the life of sophisticated modern power equipment is extremely relevant. For this, various approaches are applied, based on mathematical models, expert systems, artificial neural networks and other algorithms. Summarizing the results of scientific publications, it can be argued that the implementation of a systematic approach to the organization of repair service at the enterprise requires a comprehensive solution to the following urgent problems: • monitoring is formulated as the task of interrogating sensors and collecting information necessary for further analysis; • diagnostics, it is solved as tasks of identifying informative signs with further detection and classification of failures and anomalies in data sets; • improving the accuracy of algorithms aimed at pattern recognition; • condition forecasting is the task of assessing the current and accumulated readings of monitoring systems for making decisions regarding either a specific element of the complex or the facilities. Thus, modern technology make it possible to arrange arbitrarily complex algorithms. However, to use the full potential that artificial neural networks, expert systems, and classical methods for identifying and diagnosing equipment it is necessary to have a conceptual development of the foundations of building systems for organizing maintenance and repair of complex energy equipment . Key words: diagnostics, artificial neural networks, performance, reliability, expert system, forecasting, technical condition, identification, transfer function
Research of lithium ion batteries for the operation of electric vehicles under different temperature conditions.
Authors: V. LATVINSKIY ,   State Institution of Higher Education «Kharkiv national automobile highway university.», R. BAHACH ,   State Institution of Higher Education «Kharkiv national automobile highway university.»
Published: July 2024

Annotation. The article examines the issue of evaluating the performance of high-voltage batteries in electrified vehicles at low temperatures. The method of choosing an electrochemical type of batteries for use in regions with a cold climate is presented. This technique includes conducting experiments to obtain charge-discharge characteristics of highvoltage batteries at normal and reduced temperatures, as well as their analytical review. After testing the method, data were obtained that describe the charge-discharge processes of batteries of various electrochemical types (LiMn2O4, LiCoO2, LiNiCoAlO2, ) depending on the ambient temperature. Given the discovery of new electrochemical types of batteries that have increased resistance to hypothermia. The proposed article allows you to evaluate their performance and fully use electric cars in regions with a cold climate. Key words: high-voltage battery, low temperatures, battery operation, battery capacity, electric vehicles. chemical type of battery, LiMn2O4, LiCoO2, LiNiCoAlO2, LiFePO4, discharge curve, load circuit, battery testing, selection method, block diagram.
Hybrid system for electrical energy generation for the sustainable functioning of the transport infrastructure facility
Authors: I. O. SHVEDCHYKOVA ,   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, N. D. MAGALASHVILI ,   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design
Published: July 2024

The work is devoted to determining the structure of a hybrid energy system with renewable energy sources and a storage battery for powering a railway crossing as an object of high-risk transport infrastructure. The relevance of the work is due to the need to ensure the stable functioning of the energy systems of infrastructure facilities for train traffic management in conditions of unpredictable changes associated with interruptions in power supply. To solve the problems posed in the work, the electricity consumption of a railway crossing was analyzed using the example of a regulated crossing of the II category, and its seasonal and daily load profiles were determined. It is shown that the daily load profile is fixed within each season, it is characterized by a significant increase in consumption at night. Coordination of load profiles with generation profiles of renewable sources for the location of the railway crossing was carried out. Three main hybrid generation profiles are identified, based on three different PV-to-wind energy ratios, corresponding to three different consumption profiles: maximum, minimum and baseline. Base consumption is the longest in terms of duration, so choosing a rational power ratio of solar and wind generation at base consumption should be given special attention to improve the stability of system operation, reduce energy storage costs, and increase selfsufficiency and self-consumption of the facility. A hybrid structure using a photoelectric system with a battery and a wind generator is considered, the feature of which is the possibility of its integration with electric vehicles. It is possible to connect the system to the distribution grid. At a low generation of renewable energy sources, the possibility of autonomous functioning is ensured by using the energy of a charged storage battery. The obtained results can be used to substantiate the scenarios of the operation of the hybrid power generation system to ensure the maximum autonomy of the object. Keywords: hybrid energy system, transport infrastructure, railway crossing, photovoltaic battery, wind generator, storage battery, load profile, electric vehicle, renewable energy source.
Application of Psychological Assessments in Mental Health Counselling
Authors: Adebayo Abidogun Moruf
Published: July 2024

Psychological assessment of mental health is a vital practice in the field of psychology that facilitates a comprehensive understanding of an individual's cognitive, emotional, and behavioural functioning. This process involves the systematic utilization of diverse assessment tools and techniques to gather valuable information, enabling accurate diagnosis, treatment planning, and an enhanced understanding of an individual's psychological well-being. Through the integration of standardised questionnaires, clinical interviews, and observation, professionals gain insights into an individual's unique mental health condition. This paper explores the significance of psychological assessment in illuminating the intricate aspects of mental health, enabling tailored interventions that contribute to improved overall well-being.
Role of Haemoglobin Spray in Wound Bed Preparation
Authors: Chittoria Ravi Kumar
Published: July 2024

Wound is a common problem following burn, trauma or infection. There are various methods to limit the infection and to cover the raw area. Before definitive cover, the wound bed must be ready to accept the reconstructive procedure. Various methods help in wound bed preparation. Recently haemoglobin spray has been advocated to hasten the wound bed preparation. In this article, we share our experience of using innovative haemoglobin spray in wound bed preparation.
New Auditory Signal Pathway to Receptor
Authors: Myjkowski Jan
Published: July 2024

The paper points out the shortcomings and doubts of “Bekesy's travelling wave" theory of hearing. Announced in 1928, it is a typical mechanical theory of hearing [1]. It has been supplemented many times later on, but its foundation in terms of the role of the basilar membrane and resonance, as well as hydrodynamics of cochlear fluids is constant. The theory does not properly explain all the processes that make up the reception, processing and transmission of auditory information.
Elusive Enemy and a Great Mimicker: Cardiac Sarcoidosis as a Cause of Advanced Heart Failure, a Case Report
Authors: Poku Nana
Published: July 2024

Major advances have been made in the treatment of chronic heart failure in recent years, leading to further improvements in patient prognosis. In addition, advanced diagnostic tools, particularly cardiac imaging, allow more accurate characterization of the diseased myocardial tissue, enabling the use of specific treatments. The etiological diagnostic approach is therefore fundamental to optimize patient management but can sometimes be difficult because cardiac imaging findings can be misleading or non-specific. We report a case of rapidly progressive advanced heart failure with clinical and imaging features characteristic of cardiac sarcoidosis. Recognition of this uncommon presentation of heart failure will help clinicians avoid diagnostic delays which are detrimental to the patient’s overall outcome. This report also discusses the specific challenges encountered during the care of a Jehovah's Witness patient requiring advanced heart failure therapies. There is limited data in this setting and the case illustrates specific challenges that are encountered when caring for patients who require advanced heart failure therapies but refuse allogenic blood or blood product transfusions based on religious beliefs.
Female genital mutilation's effects on women's physical, mental, and social health
Authors: Henry Ifeanyi Nwanyaka
Published: July 2024

The non-medical cutting or removal of some or all of the external female genitalia is known as female genital mutilation, or FGM. Physical health issues such scarring or keloids formation, infertility, infections, and irregular menstruation are reported to result from it. In addition, it causes perineal tears, protracted labor, and postpartum hemorrhage, among other difficulties during labor and delivery. Depression, low self-esteem, and post-traumatic stress disorder are possible psychological outcomes. Sexual dysfunction, including arousal, orgasm, lubrication, and satisfaction, can lead to a loss of connection for sufferers and, indirectly, for significant others. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the impact of female genital mutilation on the body, society, and mind. There were 200 FGM and 200 non-genital multination participants in this study. The impacts of female genital mutilation (FGM) on the victims' social, psychological, and physical well-being were assessed. The family of FGM group (N = 129) had a monthly family income of 50000 Naira or less, compared to 46 families (23%) earning 50000-100000 and 25 families (12.9%) having an income above 100000 naira. With regard to employment, 63 fathers (31.5%) described themselves as Traders. 55 (27.5%) of them were farmers, 18 (26.6%) of them were skilled workers, Civil Servants 42 (21%), and Self-employed 32 (16%). 8 (4%) fathers were retired. There are no differences between this group and the other. The findings showed that female with genital mutilation, had greater rates of somatic disturbance, anxiety disorder, and depression than those without female without genital multilation. Therefore, this study offers additional proof to medical professionals so they may start providing FGM patients with high-quality care right away.
Unusual archamoeba Pelomyxa pilosa sp. nov. (Amoebozoa: Archamoebae: Pelobiontida): a light and electron microscopic study
Authors: Chistyakova L.V. , Frolov A.O. , Radaev A.V. , Smirnov A.V. , Goodkov A.V.
Published: July 2024

This paper presents the results of a study and describes a new species of pelobionts, Pelomyxa pilosa sp. nov. (Archamoebae: Pelobiontida). This species was found in the bottom sediments of a pond near St Petersburg (Russia) and was examined using light, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy. It is placed in the genus Pelomyxa Greeff, 1874 based on a combination of morphological features, including the mode of locomotion, the presence of numerous flagella, the organisation of the cytoplasm, and the presence of obligate prokaryotic endocytobionts. The new species can be easily distinguished from congeners by the specific presence of numerous prokaryotic ectobionts on the cell surface and the organisation of the nuclear apparatus. The nucleolar material in this species forms a hollow sphere consisting of tightly adjacent patches of various shapes and sizes, surrounded by granular material.
Proyecto de aprendizaje colaborativo internacional en línea para la enseñanza de la ficción sonora interactiva
Authors: Cardozo Rivera Ismael
Published: July 2024

Introducción: Un proyecto de Aprendizaje Colaborativo Internacional en Línea (COIL) facilita el proceso de enseñanza/aprendizaje entre cursos similares de diferentes nacionalidades mediante un trabajo conjunto entre docentes. Este artículo comparte la experiencia COIL entre la Universidad Autónoma de Occidente (UAO) y la Universidad de Lima (Ulima), enfocada en la ficción sonora interactiva. Metodología: Se implementó una metodología pedagógica basada en los principios del "Learning by doing". Los estudiantes participaron en actividades prácticas para desarrollar habilidades en ficción sonora interactiva. Resultados: El proyecto resultó en cinco proyectos de ficción sonora interactiva, realizados colaborativamente entre estudiantes de UAO y Ulima. Discusión: El ejercicio COIL mostró la eficacia de la pedagogía activa para facilitar el aprendizaje significativo y la producción creativa en ficción sonora interactiva. Conclusiones: Los proyectos COIL presentan una excelente oportunidad para consolidar el aprendizaje significativo en la producción de ficción sonora interactiva, destacando la importancia de la colaboración internacional en la educación superior.
Este artículo pretende socializar la experiencia COIL realizada entre el curso de Podcasting interactivo de la Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, UAO y el curso de Taller de Podcasting y Radio de la Universidad de Lima, Ulima; En la que se adelantó un trabajo en pedagogía activa alrededor de la unidad temática de ficción sonora interactiva. Para ello, se inicia con una introducción que deriva en el objetivo del proyecto COIL en cuestión. Posteriormente se presenta la metodología pedagógica implementada a partir de los principos del Learning by doing. Como tercer punto se presenta el desarrollo y los resultados obtenidos, los cuales se representan en cinco proyectos de ficción sonora interctiva, realizados entre estudiantes de la UAO y Ulima.
Finalmente se presentan las conclusiones del ejercicio COIL, entre las que se destacan la gran oportunidad que presenta este tipo de proyectos para consolidar el aprendizaje significativo para la producción de proyectos de ficción sonora interactiva.
PET/CT WITH 18F-FDG FOR EARLY DETECTION OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS
Authors: Berdichevsky Boris A. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Sapozhenkova Ekaterina V. , Pavlova Irina V. , Gonyaev Artem R. , Boldyrev Alexey L. , Rasulov Farhod R. , Korabelnikov Mikhail A. ,   Tyumen State Medical University,   Medical and Sanitary Unit "Neftyanik", Tyumen,   Clinical Hospital "Mother and Child", Tyumen,   Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2 Russia, Tyumen,   Tyumen State Medical University,   MC "Medical City", Tyumen
Published: July 2024

Introduction. The isolated urinary syndrome, marked by persistent leukocyturia, bacteria in urine, and subclinical primary chronic pyelonephritis, is a condition that sparks numerous questions and debates. Objectives. Assess the outcomes of whole-body PET/CT tomography using 18F-FDG in 30 individuals (15 men and 15 women) with no prior nephro-urological history, aged around 40 years, who underwent comprehensive examinations due to cancerophobia. Methods. Investigated the molecular cellular metabolism of glucose biomolecules in different functional regions of kidney parenchyma in relation to isolated urinary syndrome and clinical presentation of newly diagnosed primary chronic pyelonephritis using PET/CT scans on a Biograph Siemens device at the Tyumen Radiological Center. Results. A 12% variation in the metabolism of energy-intensive glucose molecules in kidney parenchyma is linked to the physiological urine formation process. A reduction of up to 40% in metabolism may coincide with isolated urinary syndrome, while a decrease exceeding 50% could serve as a molecular cellular precursor to newly diagnosed chronic pyelonephritis. Conclusion. Utilizing combined PET/CT with 18F-FDG can serve as an additional tool for predicting and early detecting urinary tract infections at the molecular cellular level.
CLINICAL AND HEMODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS WITH A 3-YEAR RECURRENCE RATE OF CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PATIENTS UNDERGOING A PHARMACO-INVASIVE STRATEGY
Authors: Serdechnaya A. Yu. ,   Altai Regional Cardiology Dispensary, Sukmanova I. A. ,   Altai State Medical University
Published: July 2024

Introduction. In many regions of the Russian Federation, the primary approach to treating survivors of myocardial infarction (MI) is pharmacoinvasive, tailored to local factors. However, individuals who have experienced MI remain at a heightened risk for recurrent cardiovascular (CV) events and the progression of other heart conditions. While existing studies have mainly focused on the immediate aftermath of MI, there is a scarcity of data on the long-term health outcomes of these patients, particularly after a year of follow-up. Objectives. Evaluate the occurrence of recurrent CV events over a 3-year monitoring period in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods. In our study, we conducted research involving 256 patients who were diagnosed with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and underwent thrombolytic therapy followed by stenting of the infarct-related artery. The patient cohort comprised 180 men (70%) and 76 women (30%), with an average age of 63.7±0.6 years. A significant portion of the participants had comorbidities. Over a 3-year period following the initial event, patients were monitored, and echocardiographic assessments and lipid profiles were conducted. Additionally, any recurrent cardiovascular events that occurred during this period were documented and analyzed. Results. Throughout the 3-year observation period, 54 patients (21%) passed away. Among those who survived, 202 patients (79%) experienced recurring cardiovascular events, with 114 hospitalizations (56%) linked to cardiovascular conditions. To delve deeper into the analysis of risk factors associated with recurrent cardiovascular events, the patients were stratified into two groups: Group 1 comprised 177 patients (69%) with cardiovascular events, while Group 2 had 79 patients (31%) who did not experience cardiovascular events during the follow-up period. Conclusion. The study highlights that patients with specific risk factors like obesity, high comorbidity index, and prior stroke are at an increased risk of recurrent CV events, especially if they experienced complications like acute kidney injury or heart failure post-MI
LAPAROSCOPIC MANAGEMENT OF PYELOURETERAL SEGMENT OBSTRUCTION: EXPERIENTIAL INSIGHTS
Authors: Laletin Dmitry I. ,   Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Neimark Alexander I. , Firsov Mikhail A. , Alekseeva Ekaterina A. , Bezrukov Evgeny A. ,   Altai State Medical University,   Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University,   Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University
Published: July 2024

Introduction. Hydronephrosis ranks among the most prevalent congenital anomalies affecting the upper urinary tract. Prompt and appropriate surgical correction of pyeloureteral junction obstruction is vital for preserving kidney function and mitigating the risk of chronic renal failure. Objectives. Identify surgical interventions that can enhance the efficacy of laparoscopic plastic surgery for hydronephrosis. Methods. Analyzed 70 cases of patients diagnosed with hydronephrosis who underwent laparoscopic pyeloureteral segment plastic surgery. Classified patients into three groups based on the etiological factors of hydronephrosis: pyelovasal conflict, kidney dystopia, and pelvic-ureteral junction obstruction. Determined the optimal surgical approach tailored to anatomical considerations. Results. The study identified the optimal surgical method for addressing pyeloureteral segment obstruction based on anatomical factors. Conclusion. Considering the patient's anatomical nuances led to favorable clinical outcomes in 97.5% of cases.
BRICS: the formation of a common external cultural policy
Authors: Bogoliubova Natalia M. , Nikolaeva Yulia V.
Published: July 2024

The article examines the documentary and institutional foundations, current directions and forms of cultural cooperation of the BRICS countries, which can become the basis for the foreign cultural policy of the association. The authors analyze the foreign cultural policy of BRICS as an important part of political and economic cooperation and make recommendations aimed at developing multilateral cultural interaction of all member countries of the association.
Poetics of Semantics’ Broadening. Notes on O. Mandelstam’s Vocabulary
Authors: Surat Irina Z.
Published: July 2024

The article is dedicated to Osip Mandelstam’s poem “For the future ages’ resounding glory...” (1931). The research focuses on the features of Mandelstam’s poetical semantics, examined on the example of the word trus (coward). The article shows that under the influence of the poetic tradition Mandelstam puts together all the meanings of this word that had traditionally been separated, actualizes its etymology and religious context and engages in a conversation about Russian history with contemporary poets who also used the word trus in its original meaning, namely, Alexander Blok, Anna Akhmatova and Maximilian Voloshin. The article also comments on images that make up the nearest poetical context of the word trus — “wolf” and of “bloody bones in the wheel”. The paper identifies the literary sources of these images among which are works by Charles de Coster, Dmitry Merezhkovsky, Zinaida Gippius and Konstantin Sluchevsky. The study also speculates whether it is possible to translate polysemantic elements within a poem into foreign languages, as well as discusses the necessity of a “reverse translation” of the poetical text into the language of the epoch in which it was written by means of a linguistic commentary.
Egyptian slavery in the early writings of M.A. Korostovtsev
Authors: Krikh Sergey Sergey
Published: July 2024

The article focuses on the early scholarship of the Soviet Egyptologist Mikhail Korostovtsev (1900–1980), who dedicated himself to historical research only in the second part of his life. His academic works prior to the Second World War were not numerous, but his dissertation about Egyptian slavery during the 18th dynasty became an important text marking a new stage in the Soviet historiography of antiquity because the theory of the ‘slave-owning society’ was considered to be the sign of ‘true’ Marxism-Leninism. Korostovtsev’s understanding of the social structure of the Ancient Near East was substantially influenced by his supervisor Vasiliy Struve, but Korostovtsev was not merely a disciple of Struve, for his own work with ancient sources and his conclusions show much higher accuracy than Struve’s. Moreover, he found no evidence for a large number of slaves during the 18th dynasty, neither among the captive slaves nor among the private ones, except for a few examples that do not prove a widespread distribution of slavery. In this respect we could think of Korostovtsev as of a disciple of Yuri Perepyolkin, because in the same years he defended the ideas of Perepyolkin in his letters to Abram Ranovich: according to Korostovtsev, Marxist theory would become fruitless if it rushed to generalizations without proper verification by facts. In his own research, however, Korostovtsev was only balancing between the asserted generalizations about slavery in ancient Egypt and the actual evidence for the relatively modest spread of slavery during the 18th dynasty.
King Ramesses and Bactria: a motif of the late Egyptian history writing
Authors: Ladynin Ivan A.
Published: July 2024

The article analyses a set of Classical evidence reflecting the Egyptian conquest of Bactria or its attempt (Diod. I. 46–47; Tac. Ann. II. 60. 3; Strabo XVII. 1. 46), a statement of Manetho of Sebennytos on the vast conquests of king Sethos-Ramesses (I) (Manetho. Frg. 50 = Ios. C. Ap. I. 15. § 98–102), and the text of the hieroglyphic Bentresh Stela telling about the relations of Egypt under a king Ramesses with a distant Asiatic land of Bakhtan. These sources reflect the Theban tradition based on the memories of Egyptian expansion under Dynasty XIX, i. e. the conquests of Sethy I, who successfully restored the sphere of Egyptian hegemony in Asia after the Hittite assault at the end of Dynasty XVIII (Manetho’s Sethos-Ramesses (I)), and the wars of Ramesses II, who failed to continue that effort and had to conclude a compromise peace with the Hittites (Osymandias of Hecataeus of Abdera and Diodorus, Ramesses of the Bentresh Stela). The images of these kings were partially intermingled (Tacitus’ king Ramesses), and probably involved the recollections of the whole New Kingdom expansion in Asia (under both Dynasty XVIII and XIX). The historical Hittite Kingdom happened to be replaced in this tradition with Bactria due not only to the erosion of its memory and the transformation of its denotation but also to the Egyptian notion that the adversary of Egypt at that stage of history was a great and a very distant realm, which remained outside of the Asiatic empires of the first millennium B.C. for a long time.
Some remarks on Mahābhāṣya
Authors: Vigasin Alexey A.
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the classical monument of ancient Indian linguistics – Patañjali’s commentary on the Sanskrit grammar by Pāṇini. The author is inclined to date Pāṇini to the turn of the 4th–3rd centuries BC. Frequently cited arguments for dating Patañjali to the mid-second century BC do not seem convincing. The mention of the campaign of the Graeco-Bactrian king in the Ganges valley is nothing more than a terminus post quem. There is а reason to think that Mahābhāṣya was written no earlier than the beginning of the Common Era. Particular attention in the article is paid to the interpretation of the passage in which the Mauryan dynasty is mentioned. The words about the Mauryas, who make images of the gods for the purpose of profit, indicate Patañjali’s familiarity with the cycle of legends about Cāṇakya and Candragupta if not with the literary tradition reflected in the Arthaśāstra.
Formation of the Political System of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan: Challenges and Limitations
Authors: Laletin Yuriy P.
Published: July 2024

Aftertwo years and a half since the Taliban seized power in Kabul, it is important to analyze the formation of the political system of the Islamic Emirate оf Afghanistan and why it is being delayed. The article is devoted to identi fying the reasons for such a situation. As a result of the study, the author concludes that the regime is facing a number of challenges and contradictions, and these challenges are generated by the Taliban themselves. A number of contradictions are characteristic of the leadership of the Islamic Taliban movement, and of the movement itself, and of the Taliban’s policies, and of the situation in the country. The government they created is not inclusive and has not gained internal legitimacy, which prevents the regime from gaining international recognition. In addition, the lack of experience in peaceful life and management skills, contra dictions in the Taliban Movement and in its leadership, disregard for the interests of ethnic minorities strengthen the ranks of their opponents, including Islamic State-Wilayat Khorasan and ethno-national formations.
Impact of the EU Carbon Boundary Adjustment Mechanism on China and China’s Responses
Authors: Malikova Olga I. , Chen Xueqing
Published: July 2024

EU countries are the main initiator of stricter economic measures of responsibility for greenhouse gas emissions. In order to achieve the goal of global carbon neutrality and minimize carbon leakage, the EU is implementing the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (СВАМ EC). As the largest emitter of carbon and the EU’s largest trading partner, China actively responds to the CBAM EU. This article reviews the history of the EU’s СВАМ and assesses the implications of the system for China. Authors show that, on the one hand, in the short term, the EU’s implementation of a higher border carbon adjustment tax will weaken the competitiveness of Chinese companies in the European market, especially in high-carbon industries such as steel and aluminum. On the other hand, trade patterns between China and Europe could change, which would to some extent facilitate Chinese companies to participate in the global carbon market and encourage them to invest more in combating climate change and reducing carbon emissions. The authors also propose measures to prepare for the implementation of the СВАМ and to improve China’s carbon regulatory system.
Psychological Consequences of COVID-19 in Sub-Saharan Africa (on example of Tanzania and Nigeria)
Authors: Burkova V. N. , Butovskaya M. L. , Kavina А. , Ojedokun O.
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the study of human behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic in two African countries – Tanzania and Nigeria. Using our own field data, the authors analyzed the dynamics of the level of anxiety on the background of stress from the spread of COVID-19 during two large waves of the pandemic: 1) from May to August 2020 with an average peak on May 11; 2) from June to September 2021. The total sample was 1034 people. One of the authors’ hypotheses was that different control strategies in these countries led to different levels of stress in the population. The most important factor was not only the level of morbidity and mortality in the country, but also the lack of information and misinformation. Using the example of the two African countries, it is shown that misinformation, concealment of official statistics and fear of uncertainty led to an increase in anxiety among the population of Tanzania and slowed down the psychological adaptation of people in the context of a global crisis, observed in many countries around the world a year after the spread of coronavirus infections.
The Palestinian-Israeli Conflict of 2023: The Response of Global and Regional Actors
Authors: Khayrullin T. R.
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the reaction of the countries of the Arab region as well as the world powers to the next Palestinian-Israeli conflict that broke out on October 7, 2023. Regionally, most countries have taken a unified position – attributing responsibility for the attacks on Israel. Only a small number of countries in the region condemned all violence and called on the parties to the conflict to engage in peace talks. Harsh rhetoric was observed from one of the non-Arab actors in the region, Turkey, which openly declared its support for Hamas and condemned Israel’s actions. The escalating tone was also reflected in Iran’s official statements. The United States and its allies sided with Israel, declaring the right of Israelis to defend themselves. The position of Russia and China was to end the conflict as soon as possible, as well as the need to implement the two-state solution and the creation of an independent Palestinian state.
The Slovak-Hungarian «Small War» in the Context of the Post-Munich Crisis in Bilateral Relations (March – September 1939)
Authors: Salkov Anatol P.
Published: July 2024

The Munich Agreement had a profound effect on the national-territorial conflict between Czecho-Slovakia and Hungary. The first Vienna Award on November 2, 1938 resolved it in favor of Hungary. The consequences of the arbitration created a new configuration in the territorial dispute between autonomous Slovakia within the Second Republic and Hungary, involving Poland as well. Warsaw sought to obtain a joint Polish-Hungarian border, which led to the events of November 1938 – the Polish operation «Lom» in Transcarpathia failed, but local battles in the areas of Čadca and Javorina ended with the last adjustment of the post-Munich delimitation in favor of Poland. Since January 1939 incidents began on the Slovak-Hungarian border. In view of the threat of dismemberment of Slovakia on March 14, it declared independence. Hungary occupied Carpatho-Ukraine and then unleashed the «Small War» (March 23–31). Hungary received 1,050 sq. km with a population of 40 thousand people, half of whom were Slovaks. Slovak-Hungarian relations acquired a hostile character. Germany made the conflict between the two countries the subject of political blackmail, which was one of the reasons for their joining the fascist «axis».
The question about the destiny of the city of Czigirin in the relations of Moscow and Hetmanate in the first half of 1678
Authors: Florya Boris N.
Published: July 2024

The article observes the debates in the contacts of Moscow and Hetmanate of the question, if it is necessary to defense the city of Czigirin or to give up to the Osmans. The differences in the views were reasoned not by the differences of principal positions, but by the concrete defects in organization of the Czigirin defense.
Lexical peculiarities of speech of the residents of Banja Luka and its representation in lexicography
Authors: Crnjak Dijana , Yakushkina Ekaterina I.
Published: July 2024

The article is dedicated to the lexical peculiar features of the speech of residents of the capital of the Republika Srpska, the city of Banja Luka, who are native speakers of the Serbian literary language, compared with the speech of residents of central Serbia and Belgrade. The article analyzes the oral and written texts of the residents of Banja Luka, as well as questionnaires in which the respondents had to fill in the gaps in the sentences with semantically suitable words. The study showed that the regional ‘western’ vocabulary is not very frequent in the speech of the residents of Banja Luka; their speech is characterised by significant lexical variability manifested in the parallel use of ‘western’ and ‘eastern’ vocabulary, both by the language collective as a whole and by individuum; neutralisation of regional differences in the media is also an important feature of the speech of Banja Luka. The regional specificity of the vocabulary of the inhabitants of Banja Luka is not reflected in the Serbian lexicography, in which the concept of regionalism requires clarification by the compilers.
On modern problems of the mechanism of judges’ responsibility for disciplinary misconduct; law enforcement practice, general approaches. Part 1. Termination of the powers of a judge for a serious offense after the constitutional innovations of 2020 – constitutional or disciplinary responsibility?
Authors: Kleandrov Mikhail I.
Published: July 2024

The article criticizes the current situation regulated by law, in which a gross disciplinary misconduct of a judge, entailing the early termination of his judicial powers, is considered as a measure of disciplinary responsibility. The conclusion is substantiated that the early termination of the powers of a judge for gross misconduct should entail a measure of not disciplinary, but constitutional responsibility. The mechanism of constitutional responsibility of a judge is partially provided for by the constitutional innovations of 2020 only for a little over two thousand judges, and the Federation Council can apply it, which is not typical for a legislative body, and which destroys the unity of the status of judges. The rationale for its development should be based on the premise that a judge’s gross misconduct, which deserves early termination of his powers, is primarily a violation of the judge’s oath, which currently does not provide for any consequences under current legislation and corporate regulation. Appropriate proposals are made with the necessary justifications.
Ethnological expertise: formats and prospects of institutionalization in Russian law
Authors: Filippova Natalya A.
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the essential and systemic features of the formats of ethnological expertise institutionalization in Russia: as a corporate expertise (private law) and state expertise (public law). The research material is the practice of organizing and legal regulation of ethnological expertise over the past two decades; approaches to understanding ethnological expertise that have developed in Russian anthropology and jurisprudence. It is proved that the choice of the institutionalization format, determines the procedure for conducting an examination and the consequences of its conduct. Corporate ethnological expertise is optional; its results do not have the form of a public legal document. Compensation for losses to the subjects of traditional nature management does not depend on the fact of conducting the expertise and is exclusively monetary in nature. Voluntarily adopted standards of social corporate responsibility assume the participation of business in promoting the development of indigenous peoples who are involved in this process in accordance with the principle of FPIC and forms of deliberative democracy. State ethnological expertise is mandatory, it is realized as a public service, the results of which have the form of a public legal document. Compensation measures are predetermined by the results of a comprehensive ethnological expertise and are not limited to the compensation for losses. The participation of indigenous peoples is guaranteed in the forms of participatory democracy.