bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Apatinib plus Chemotherapy as a Second-Line Treatment in Unresectable Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma: A Randomized, Controlled, Multicenter Clinical Trial
Authors: Yu Zongyang , Cai Xiuyu , Xu Zhengwu , He Zhiyong , Lai Jinhuo , Wang Wenwu , Zhang Jing , Kong Wencui , Huang Xiaoyan , Chen Ying , Shi Yanhong , Shi Xi , Zhao Zhongquan , Ni Min , Lin Xiangwu , Chen Siyu , Wu Xiaolong , Chen Wujin , Song Zhengbo , Huang Cheng
Published: June 2020

Trial Information

Click here to access other published clinical trials.

Lessons Learned

The efficacy of second-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) without a sensitizing driver gene mutation is still unsatisfactory. The combination of apatinib and chemotherapy improved progression-free survival in the second-line therapy of advanced NSCLC without a sensitizing mutation. This study offers a new treatment strategy for second-line treatment of such patients but requires confirmation in a larger multi-institutional trial.

Background

This study explored the efficacy and safety of apatinib combined with single-agent chemotherapy versus single-agent chemotherapy in the second-line treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) without driver mutations.

Methods

In this double-arm, open label, exploratory clinical study, we enrolled patients with unresectable locally advanced or advanced NSCLC without driver mutations that had progressed following first-line chemotherapy. The subjects were allocated into an experimental group and a control group by 2:1. The experimental group received apatinib combined with four cycles of docetaxel or pemetrexed until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, or discontinuation at the patient' request. The control group only received four cycles of docetaxel or pemetrexed. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR), and safety.

Results

Thirty-seven patients were enrolled. The efficacy of 33 patients was evaluated. The median PFS was 5.47 versus 2.97 months, the DCR was 95% versus 73%, and the objective response rate (ORR) was 27% versus 9% in the experimental versus control group. The OS was still under follow-up. The most common adverse effects included hypertension, hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR), and fatigue.

Conclusion

Apatinib combined with single-agent chemotherapy may be a novel option for second-line treatment of advanced NSCLC
COMBATING CRIMES AGAINST ILLEGAL TRANSFERS OF PERSONS ACROSS THE STATE BORDER
Authors: Salcevičs Andris
Published: June 2020

The refugee crisis has been a problem in Europe in recent years. Solutions are being sought to tackle this crisis. In order to migration control, it is important: breaking up the network of traffickers, protecting the border and disrupting the flow of migrants. Criminal liability is provided for the illegal transfer of persons across the State border in the Republic of Latvia. According to the author, the intentional illegal crossing of the State border and the illegal transfer of persons across the State border are closely linked criminal offences, as in most cases a person has been found to have crossed the State border illegally by illegally moving other persons across the State border, and the person becomes responsible not only under the Criminal Law 285.Article, but also in accordance with Article 284 of the Criminal Law. Criminal liability is proved for the illegal transfer of persons across the State border in the Republic of Latvia.
LIMITS OF COMPETENCE OF AN INVESTIGATING JUDGE IN THE PRE-TRIAL CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Trukšāne Zane
Published: June 2020

The Institute of Investigation Judge exists in a number of European countries; the Institute of Investigation Judge was introduced in Latvia in 2005. Historically, the investigating judge was created to investigate, but today the institute has survived transformation and, at present, its main function is to monitor respect for human rights in pre-trial criminal proceedings. The relevance of the study is determined by the lack of studies on the performance of an investigating judge. The objective of the study is to explore the role of investigating magistrate in pre -trial criminal proceedings identify gaps and offer concrete solutions. The research tasks include investigating the historical development of the investigating judge, analysing the extent of the powers of the investigating judge in pre-trial criminal proceedings, investigating appeals against decisions taken by the investigating judge. In the view of the author, the main deficiencies found in the activities of the investigating judge in pre-trial criminal proceedings shall be confronted with the cooperation of the investigating judge and the person directing the proceedings, observance of procedural time periods and appeal of decisions of the investigating judges.
FEATURES OF QUALIFICATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE OFFENCES IN WHICH STRUCTURES THERE ARE INSTRUCTIONS FOR TERMS OF COMMISSION OF ILLEGAL ACT
Authors: Zykina Elena
Published: June 2020

In the article, the author focuses on the problematic issues of determining the end of administrative offenses, in which the circumstances of time (deadlines) play a role for proper qualification. The author draws attention to the need to improve the composition of administrative offenses, containing an indication of a certain period. The topic of the article is relevant, as there are discussions about the structure of elements of administrative offenses depending on the time of expiration of the term specified in the law, as well as establishing the end of administrative offenses that contain an indication of a certain period. The novelty of the article lies in the analysis of controversial issues of determining the moment of termination of an administrative offense, in which the circumstances of time play a role for proper qualification.
ANALYSIS OF COMMUNICATION PROCESSES: CASE STUDY OF REZEKNE CITY COUNCIL
Authors: Pozņakovs Kārlis
Published: June 2020

The topic of the publication is “Analysis of Communication Processes: Case Study of Rezekne City Council”. The paper examines the effectiveness of the external communication of Rezekne Municipality, by researching the press releases sent to mass media in January and February 2019. The aim of the paper is to find out what influences the messages that Rezekne City Council sends to the audience. The theoretical part summarizes and analyses the theory of Shannon-Weaver communication model, while the empirical part summarizes information on press releases sent by Rēzekne City Council Public Relations Department between January and March 2019.
Pelatihan Perilaku Respek, Empati dan Asertif Melalui Metode Role Play untuk Mencegah Bullying Di Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Authors: Zen Ella Faridati , Muslihati Muslihati , Hidayaturrahman Diniy , Multisari Widya
Published: June 2020

This activity aims to test the effectiveness of respect, empathy and assertive behavioral training through the role play method as an effort to prevent bullying in Al Furqon Jombang Middle School. The dedication method used is the role playing technique that is tested for success with one group pretest-posttest design. The target of devotion is 28 students of class VII Al Furqon Jombang Middle School. The result is a change in respect for behavior based on an increase in the value of the post test from the pre test value after being treated with training with role playing techniques. Empathy and assertive behavior do not change significantly after training. So there is a need for follow-up through improvements to the development of guidelines. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas pelatihan perilaku respek, empati dan asertif melalui metode role play sebagai upaya pencegahan bullying di SMP Al Furqon Jombang. Metode pengabdian yang digunakan adalah teknik role playing yang diuji keberhasilannya dengan  one group pretest-posttest design. Sasaran pengabdian yakni 28 siswa kelas VII SMP Al Furqon Jombang. Hasilnya terdapat perubahan pada perilaku respek berdasarkan peningkatan nilai pos tes dari nilai pre tes setelah diberikan perlakuan dengan pelatihan dengan teknik role playing. Perilaku empati dan asertif tidak mengalami perubahan nilai yang signifikan setelah pelatihan. Sehingga perlu adanya tindaklanjut melalui perbaikan pada pengembangan panduan.
Pembinaan Penyusunan Perangkat Pembelajaran Berbasis Scientific Approach bagi Guru Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Mahanani Putri , Muchtar Muchtar , Agustina Ratna Trieka
Published: June 2020

Elementary Schools in Cluster I of Ngoro Sub-District, Jombang Regency were subjected to service because at that time they were still in the implementation of the 2013 curriculum. Therefore, teachers still needed guidance in accordance with the 2013 curriculum which is currently the policy of the Indonesian government. The target of this service is representatives who aim and teachers at SD 1 Kertorejo 1 and 2 who are in cluster I of Ngoro District, Jombang Regency. The target of this claim is 20 participants. This school is located in Kedawung Hamlet, Kertorejo Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency. The method of activities designed are: (1) Exposure to the scientific approach to the 2013 curriculum in elementary school; (2) Exposure to learning tools based on the Scientific approach based on the 2013 curriculum; (3) Workshop on the making of learning tools based on the Scientific approach based on the 2013 curriculum. The results of this service are in the form of understanding and skills of Elementary School Cluster I Teachers of Ngoro District in making Scientific-based learning devices based on the 2013 curriculum. Sekolah Dasar di Gugus I Kecamatan Ngoro Kabupaten Jombang menjadi sasaran pengabdian karena pada SD tersebut masih awal dalam menerapkan kurikulum 2013. Oleh karenanya, guru-guru tersebut masih membutuhkan pembinaan penyusunan rancangan yang sesuai dengan kurikulum 2013 yang menjadi kebijakan pemerintah Indonesia saat ini. Sasaran pengabdian ini adalah perwakilan yang ditentukan secara bertujuan (purposive) yaitu kepala dan guru SDN Kertorejo 1 dan 2 yang berada di gugus I Kecamatan Ngoro Kabupaten Jombang. Sasaran berjumlah 20 peserta. Sekolah ini berada di Dusun Kedawung, Desa Kertorejo, Kecamatan Ngoro, Kabupaten Jombang. Adapun metode kegiatan yang dirancang yakni: (1) paparan scientific approach pada Kurikulum 2013 di SD; (2) paparan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis scientific approach berlandaskan kurikulum 2013; (3) workshop pembuatan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis scientific approach berlandaskan kurikulum 2013. Hasil pengabdian ini berupa pemahaman dan keterampilan Guru SD Gugus I Kecamatan Ngoro dalam membuat perangkat pembelajaran berbasis Pendekatan Saintifik berlandaskan kurikulum 2013.
Analisis Sifat Mekanik dan Permeabilitas Pasir Cetak Menggunakan Bahan Campuran Kaolin Pada Sand Casting
Authors: Diasa Putra Ananda Rizki Acmad , Murdanto Putut , Wahono Wahono
Published: June 2020

Sand Casting atau cetakan pasir merupakan suatu cetakan yang umum digunakan  pada teknik pengecoran logam. Kaolin merupakan masa batuan yang tersusun dari material lempung berwarna putih atau krem. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh campuran kaolin terhadap sifat mekanik dan permeabilitas pada kondisi pasir basah dan kering. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah experimental dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Bahan campuran kaolin dibuat bervariasi sebesar 1% ,4%, 7%, 10%, dan 13%. Temuan penelitian yang didapatkan yaitu: (1) kekautan tarik tertinggi terdapat pada variasi kaolin 13% yaitu sebesar 0,07 Kg/cm2, (2) kekuatan tekan tertinggi terdapat pada variasi kaolin 13% sebesar 3,11 Kg/cm2, (4) kekuatan geser tertinggi terdapat pada vaiasi kaolin 7% sebesar 0,46Kg/cm2,  (5) permeabilitas tertinggi terdapat pada variasi kaolin 10% sebesar 230 ml/menit, (6) variasi 1% dan 4% tidak dapat digunakan karena pada saat pembuatan spesimen atau sampel terjadi ambrol atau hancur.
Kesiapan Technological, Pedagogical And Content Knowledge (Tpack) Calon Guru Bidang Teknik di Universitas Negeri Malang
Authors: Furqon Arbianto Ulum , Widiyanti Widiyanti , Nurhadi Didik
Published: June 2020

Tujuan pendidikan nasional Republik Indonesia adalah mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa. Tujuan tersebut merupakan suatu penghargaan agar bangsa Indonesia bisa bersaing dengan bangsa lain di kancah internaisional khususnya di era Revolusi Industri Keempat (R.I 4.0) dan era Masyarakat ekonomi Asean (MEA) saat ini. Sudah saatnya pendidikan di Indonesia berbenah agar bangsa bisa bersaing dengan bangsa lain. Pembenahan yang mendasar dalam pendidikan adalah terkait kualitas dan kompetensi guru maupun calon guru Indonesia. Calon guru harus mencermati bagaimana kualitasnya untuk menjadi guru, bagaimana menyadari posisi mereka dalam era revolusi industri saat ini. Hadirnya perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi (IPTEK) bisa dijadikan salah satu cara untuk bisa mewujudkan hal tersebut, seorang guru harus memiliki dan paham betul tentang kemampuan Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) yang mengidentifikasi bahwa hal tersebut merupakan pengetahuan penting untuk pengembangan keterampilan professional guru dan calon guru.
Perbandingan Kualitas Hasil Pengecoran Metode Sand Casting Dan Metode Pengembangan Lost Foam Invesment Casting Dengan Variasi Bahan Pengikat Berdasarkan Analisis Hasil Pengecoran
Authors: Asmoro Anan Tri
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian komparasi antara metode sand casting dan pengembangan metode lost foam investment casting dengan variasi bahan pengikat bentonit pada sand casting dan semen merah pada lost foam investment casting. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode pre experimental design dengan model intact group comparision dengan analisis deskriptif. Pengujian yang digunakan meliputi uji visual, uji kekersan vikers, dan struktur mikro. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan pada uji visual didapatkan metode pengembangan lost foam investment casting memiliki kehalusan yang lebih baik dari sand casting. Berdasarkan nilai kekerasan vikers lost foam investment casting memiliki nilai kekerasan 61.07 HV lebih tinggi dari sand casting dengan nilai kekerasan rata-rata 55.85 HV. Berdasarkan nilai uji struktur mikro didapatkan lost foam invesment casting memiliki struktur butir yang lebih homogeny dibandingkan dengan sand casting.
Korelasi Antara Ergonomi Lingkungan dan Job Safety Analysis (JSA) Dengan Mechanical Integrity Program Pada PT. PAL Indonesia (Persero)
Authors: Wicaksono Zufan Ninggir
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara ergonomi lingkungan dan job safety analysis dengan mechanical integrity pada PT. PAL Indonesia (Persero). Data analisis penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) pemahaman ergonomi lingkungan mempunyai nilai kriteria 12 item sangat baik dan 3 item baik (2) penerapan job safety analysis mempunyai nilai kriteria 20 item sangat baik (3) penerapan mechanical integrity mempunyai nilai kriteria 20 item sangat baik dan 1 item baik (4) korelasi antara ergonomi lingkungan dengan mechanical integrity mempunyai nilai Thitung > Ttabel (7,3401 > 2,004) (5) korelasi antara job safety analysis dengan mechanical integrity mempunyai nilai Thitung > Ttabel (14,8745 > 2,004) (6) korelasi antara ergonomi lingkungan dan job safety analysis dengan mechanical integrity mempunyai nilai Fhitung > Ftabel (109,216 > 3,1751).
Pengaruh Kecepatan Spindle, Kedalaman Penyayatan, dan Variasi Campuran Cairan Pendingin Terhadap Keausan Pahat Insert Karbida pada Proses Pembubutan
Authors: Suhendi Angga
Published: June 2020

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari kombinasi variabel terhadap keausan pahat insert karbida. Variabel bebas yang digunakan yaitu kecepatan spindle (630 rev/min, 920 rev/min, dan 1250 rev/min), kedalaman penyayatan (0.5 mm, 0.7 mm, dan 1 mm), dan campuran cairan pendingin (1:10, 1:25, dan 1:40), serta variabel terikat berupa nilai keausan pahat insert karbida. Variabel kontrol berupa debit cairan pendingin (25 ml/detik) dan Feeding (0,08 mm/rev). Pahat yang digunakan adalah pahat merk Tungaloy dengan tipe WNMG080412-TSF T9125. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode penelitian eksperimen dengan menerapkan desain Pre-Eksperimental studi kasus bentuk tunggal. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar kecepatan spindle, kedalaman penyayatan dan semakin besar perbandingan cairan pendingin, maka semakin besar pula nilai keausan yang dihasilkan. Kata kunci: kecepatan spindle, kedalaman penyayatan, campuran cairan pendingin, keausan pahat insert karbida.
The Gothic Other
Authors: Franklin Kelly
Published: June 2020

This thesis examines three novels all communicating ideas about race, gender,
and slavery under the conventions of Gothic literature. Nathaniel Hawthorne's
The House of the Seven Gables (1851) show how patriarchy oppressed and haunted
women while keeping slavery at the margins. Beloved (1987), by Toni Morrison,
fictionalizes the account of a female slave who murdered her child to assert her power
and reject slavery. However, Morrison rewrites and defies aspects of the Gothic mode by
bringing the ghost of the murdered child back to life, and later showing steps the community
can take to heal from their collective trauma. The third novel, The Bondwoman's Narrative, is
assumed to have been written by Hannah Crafts around the mid-late 1850s,
but not published until the 21st century. Similar to Morrison, Crafts vocalizes the terrors
felt as a result of systemic oppression through her Gothic storytelling techniques but focuses
on ways slavery impacted both blacks and whites. Studying these three novels together shows how
these two African American female authors subverted traditional approaches to the Gothic in a
way Hawthorne did not. These specific female novelists recognize how the Gothic mode can be used
to provide accurate accounts of history alongside race gender, and slavery; however, they were
conscious and deliberate in their choices to re-appropriate and rearrange certain aspects of the
Gothic mode in a more subversive way.
Dyrektywy wymiaru kary pieniężnej w prawie energetycznym
Authors: Czyżak Mariusz
Published: June 2020

Prawo energetyczne z 1997 r. przyznaje Prezesowi URE uprawnienie do nakładania kary pieniężnej za naruszenia godzące w zasady prowadzenia działalności w dziedzinie energetyki. Wysokość tej sankcji ustalona została w przypadków większości deliktów administracyjnych przedziałami kwotowymi lub relacją do przychodu karanego podmiotu. Określając wymiar wspomnianej sankcji Prezes URE zobowiązany jest uwzględnić: stopień szkodliwości czynu, stopień zawinienia, dotychczasowe zachowanie podmiotu oraz jego możliwości finansowe. Dyrektywy te mają zapewnić indywidualizację sankcji nakładanej za naruszenie zaistniałe w konkretnych okolicznościach. Zarówno przy ocenie stopnia szkodliwości czynu, jak i stopnia zawinienia, niezbędne okazać się może skorzystanie z dorobku doktryny prawa karnego. W przypadku dotychczasowej działalności karanego podmiotu istotna jest weryfikacja przestrzegania przez niego obowiązującego porządku prawnego. Ocena możliwości finansowych zapobiegać ma natomiast nakładaniu kar pieniężnych, które byłyby nadmierne dotkliwe względem naruszenia przepisów prawa. Analiza treści przesłanek wymiaru kary pieniężnej w Prawie energetycznym prowadzi do wniosku, że ich wprowadzenie przez ustawodawcę jest zasadne, jakkolwiek w pierwszym rzędzie Prezes URE powinien kierować się w trakcie stosowania sankcji administracyjnych konstytucyjną zasadą proporcjonalności. Należy również rozważyć modyfikację terminologii celem dostosowania brzmienia dyrektyw wymiaru kary pieniężnej do wszystkich kategorii podmiotów jej podlegających.
Convergence Science to Transform Biomedicine: A Narrative Review
Authors: BAHADORI Moslem , REZAYAT SORKHABADI *Seyed Mahdi , FAZLI TABAEI Soheila , D FARHUD Dariush
Published: June 2020

Recently convergence science was proposed and promoted in a large report from US National Science Foundation and Department of Commerce (NSF/DOC). The report was entitled “converging technologies for improving human performance. “It was dealing with converging of four technologies as: Nanotechnology, Biotechnology, Information technology and Cognitive science (NBIC). The report has gained tremendous popularity throughout the academia and scientific world. On Dec 2015 in a monthly meeting of the department of basic science of Iran Academy of Medical Science, the report of NSF/DOC on NBIC has been discussed. A working group has been established for more discussion and application in Iran. Several seminars in this regard have been performed, and presently this technology has been started as pilot in some technical universities in Iran. After US National Research Council (NCR) in the year 2014 and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) on convergence in biomedicine, the concept opened a new gate to approach solving medical and health care problems; the convergence technology in biomedical sciences has become interested and gained great popularity among the working group of convergence science in academy of medical science. This technology can lead to advances in fighting chronic diseases such as cancer, dementia, psychiatric disorders, disease of aging and others. The following is summary of proposed discussions in several gathered groups of scientists in this field.
Caregiver Burden among Parents of Hearing Impaired and Intellectually Disabled Children in Pakistan
Authors: SYED Imran Haider , AWAN Waqar Ahmed , SYEDA Unaiza Batool
Published: June 2020

Background: Caregiver burden is a multidimensional response to physical, psychological, emotional, social and financial stressors, usually associated with the experience of caring and can be objective or subjective. The objective of current study was to explore the caregiver burden among parents of hearing impaired and intellectually challenged children in Pakistan. Methods: A Comparative cross sectional survey was conducted on n=162 parents of hearing impaired (HI) and intellectually challenged (IC) children from July 2018 to February 2019. Convenient sampling technique was used to collect the data from Parents of hearing impaired and intellectually challenged children with age range 1-16 years in National Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine and Al-Farabi Special Education Institute Islamabad. Caregiver Burden Inventory was used to assess the caregiver burden. Results: The results showed a greater need for respite and other services in both groups. Parents of intellectually challenged children need more respite and other services as compared to hearing impaired children (60.62±11.43 ver. 45.74±11.20, p<0.001). A total of 3 (4.0%) parents of hearing impaired children reported rare need for respite and other services, 32(42.7%) reported sometimes and 40(53.3%) reported frequent need. On the other hand 12(13.8%) parents of intellectually disabled children reported sometimes, 66(75.9%) reported quite frequently and 9(10.3%) nearly always a greater need for respite and other services. Conclusion: The parents of hearing impaired or intellectually challenged children face significant burden of their disabled child. In addition, due to cognitive deficits that lead to behavioural abnormalities the parents of intellectually challenged children face more burden and stress.
Effects of Government Healthcare Expenditure on Economic Growth Based on Spatial Durbin Model: Evidence from China
Authors: ZHANG Xuewei , GANG Zong , DONG Xiao
Published: June 2020

Background: The proportion of government healthcare expenditure in China increases due to rapid economic development in recent years. The growth of government healthcare expenditure can promote physical health improvement of human capitals and thereby facilitate economic growth. Hence, exploring the effects of government healthcare expenditure on economic growth is important. Methods: Spatial correlation of economic growth under different spatial weights was tested, and the effects of government healthcare expenditure on economic growth were analyzed by constructing a spatial Durbin model with the panel data of 31 provinces in China gathered from 2005 to 2017. Results: Government healthcare expenditure in China significantly and positively affects economic growth under three spatial weight matrices. The spatial weight of economic distance influences economic growth more significantly compared with the 0–1 spatial weight and the spatial weight of geographical distance. The total and the direct effects of government healthcare expenditure are significantly positive. Furthermore, the direct effects are significant, whereas the indirect effects show different degrees of significance. Conclusion: The total effect of government healthcare expenditure on economic growth is significant and positive, with direct effects exceeding the indirect ones. Hence, the China’s government must continue to increase financial investment to public health services to promote high-quality economic growth in the country.
P16INK4A Immunohistochemistry as a Gold Standard for Cervical Cancer and Precursor Lesions Screening
Authors: FARZANEHPOUR Mahdieh , MUHAMMADNEJAD Ahad , AKHAVAN Setareh , EMAMI RAZAVI Mir Nader , JALILVAND Somayeh , SALIMI Vahid , FAGHIHLOO Ebrahim , KAKAVANDI Ehsan , FARAHMAND Mohammad , SHAYESTEHPOUR Mohammad , BABAKHANI Farzad , MOKHTARI AZAD Talat
Published: June 2020

Background: High-risk (HR) Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are known as the main factors implicated in the pathogenesis of cervical preinvasive and invasive lesions. Therefore, the presence or absence of HR-HPV can be followed for the prognosis of low-grade and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Since the overexpression of p16INK4a protein depends on the presence of transcriptionally-active HPV, and due to its availability and simple interpretation, it may be considered as a proper marker to diagnose cervical cancer. Methods: An immunohistochemical analysis of p16INK4a was performed in 72 cervical tissue specimens at Imam Khomeini Complex Hospital (Tehran, Iran) from 2016 to 2018. The performance parameters were calculated and compared using receiving operating characteristics curve (ROC) details. Results: p16INK4a is significantly up-regulated in the cervical cancer samples in comparison with that in normal samples. Moreover, the ROC data showed the potential ability of p16INK4a under determined conditions as a diagnostic marker for CIN 2-3 staging and invasive cervical cancer. The molecular typing disclosed the attendance of HPV DNA in 44.4% of cases (32/72) with a predominance of HPV type 16. Conclusion: The molecular biomarker p16INK4a can be a good candidate for the early diagnosis and prognosis of cervical cancer in HPV-infected patients. Considering the increase in the expression level of p16INK4a in cancer and precancer tissues, p16INK4a may be used for early detection of cervical cancer.
Design and Psychometrics of the Assessment Instrument for Innovation Capabilities of Medical Sciences Universities Using the Cube Model Approach
Authors: TORABI Mashallah , SAFDARI Reza , NEDJAT Saharnaz , MOHAMMAD Kazem , GOODARZI Maryam , DARGAHI Hossein
Published: June 2020

Background: To investigate any subject, a scholar needs a suitable instrument to collect the required information with the utmost accuracy and the least amount of error. Therefore, this study aimed at designing and conducting a psychometric analysis of an assessment instrument for innovation capabilities of Medical Sciences Universities using the Cube Model Approach. Methods: This study began by searching in questionnaires in the fields of input and process, considering innovation outcomes. Accordingly, a preliminary questionnaire was developed, and in the second stage, to determine the validity of the designed instrument, the face validity, content validity, and construct validity of the instrument were approved, and in the third stage, using Cronbach's alpha, its reliability was assessed. At first 200 phrases were obtained, finally, 25 questions were initially approved in three areas of structure (input), innovation processes, and output. All the phrases were retained in the face validity and content validity carried out quantitatively and qualitatively. Results: Exploratory Factor Analysis was performed on 25 items, and finally the terms were set in six factors. These factors explained 53.19% of the total variance. The rotated factor loading for all questions was obtained more than 0.3, and therefore, no questions were eliminated. Calculation of the Cronbach's alpha coefficient confirmed the high internal consistency of the questionnaire (0.762). Conclusion: This instrument was designed for the first time in the context of Iranian academic culture and seems to be a suitable instrument for the assessment of innovation capabilities, considering its adequate validity and reliability, simplicity, and practicality.
Survival Rate and Prognostic Factors among Iranian Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: MESHKAT Mojtaba , BAGHESTANI Ahmad Reza , ZAYERI Farid , KHAYAMZADEH Maryam , AKBARI Mohammad Esmaeil
Published: June 2020

Background: Survival time is one of the indicators used for evaluation of the quality of care in different types of malignancies, including breast cancer. The present study aimed to estimate the survival rate of breast cancer and its related factors among Iranian patients. Methods: Overall, 3148 cases of breast cancer who referred to the Cancer Research Center in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran during 1994-2017 participated in this longitudinal study. Survival estimates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Bayesian generalized Birnbaum–Saunders model with cure rate from geometric distribution. Clinical, pathological, and biological variables as potential prognostic factors were entered in univariate and multivariate analyses. In order to identify the significant prognostic factors, 95% highest posterior density (HPD) intervals were used. Results: The overall 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25-year survival rate were 95%, 75%, 60%, 47%, 46% and 46%, respectively. A significant relation was observed between survival time and the variables such as age, size of tumor, number of lymph nodes, stage, histological grade, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and lymphovascular invasion. Conclusion: The findings of this study might help the health managers to plan long-term programs considering regional determinants, public education, and screening for early detection of breast cancer cases which can eventually influence the overall survival rate of these patients.
A Rare Cause of Refractory Chronic Diarrhea and Cachexia: A Case Report
Authors: HADJ KACEM Faten , CHEBBI Donia , CHAKROUN Amal , CHARFI Nadia , GHORBEL Dorra , MNIF Fatma , MNIF Mouna , REKIK Nabila , ABID Mohamed
Published: June 2020

VIPoma is an unusual neuroendocrine neoplasm that autonomously secretes VIP. It is associated with secretory diarrhea and electrolyte disturbances. Herein we report a case of a male patient, who was hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology in Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. He presented VIPoma syndrome, with hepatic metastases at diagnosis. He had a history of chronic, watery diarrhea. He was dehydrated with many electrolytic disorders as hypokalemia, hyponatremia and metabolic acidosis. Abdominal CT scan showed a heterogeneous mass in the pancreatic head with multiple hepatic lesions. A high VIP hormone level was found. Histological study of a liver biopsy revealed hepatic metastases of neuroendocrine carcinoma. The patient received analogues of somatostatin and systemic chemotherapy, with a transient symptomatic relief. Sadly the patient was lost to follow-up.
Overwork-Induced Sudden Death: A Sword of Damocles Hanging Over Chinese Medical Staff
Authors: YANG Ce , CHEN Zhilan , CHEN Liyong
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
The Effects of Service-Learning on the Civic Attitudes and Self Efficacys of Women University Students in Korea
Authors: RYU Sook-Young , SO Wi-Young
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
The Role of the Summit in Global Health Governance: A Neglected Way
Authors: WU Wenwen , TAN Xiaodong , XIE Yu , WANG Qiru , ZHANG Yalin
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
Apocrine Hidrocystoma Mimicking Breast Lesion in a Child from Tunisia
Authors: DHAOU Mahdi Ben , ZOUARI Mohamed , AMMAR Salma , GOUIAA Naourez , HAJ MANSOUR Manel , JALLOULI Mohamed , BOUDAWARA Thouraya , MHIRI Riadh
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
Morbidity and Related Factors among Elderly People: A Cross Sectional Study Exploring Gender Differences
Authors: BENKSIM Abdelhafid , AIT-ADDI Rachid , ELKHOUDRI Noureddine , AMINE Mohamed , CHERKAOUI Mohamed
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
Usefulness of Non-Contact Infrared Thermometer for Early Neonatal Period Using Bland-Altman Analysis
Authors: SUGAWARA Saori , IMATAKA George , YOSHIHARA Shigemi
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
Exploration of the Processes of “Iranian Journal of Public Health” During 2016-2019
Authors: FARHUD Dariush D
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
The effect of work locus of control and general health on accident - proneness : The mediator role of effort - reward imbalance
Authors: MORADI Behnam , BARKHORDARI Amir , BARKHORDARI Akbar , GHEISVANDI Hamzeh , ASGARI Mashid
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Workerschr('39') accident-proneness is considered as an inherent and coherent feature in incidence of occupational accidents. Therefore, recognizing its determinants could be effective in preventing such accidents. This study aimed to investigate the effect of work locus of control and general health on accident-proneness with the regard to the mediating role of effort-reward imbalance.
Methods: This analytical and cross-sectional research was conducted in 2018 using structural equation modeling (SEM) with partial least square approach. In total, 225 employees with a history of occupational accidents in  Esfahan Steel Company were selected. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-23 and SMARTPLS3.
Results: The obtained results indicated that the measurement and structural models were fitted. In addition, results demonstrated that all assumptions of the research were significant with the exception of the general health effect on accident proneness. 
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that by controlling the work environment stressors, such as balancing effort-reward, could reduce the  accident- proneness. In addition, by checking the general health and work locus of control  to prevent the occupational accidents in the sieving process, people with internal control should be selected for stressful occupations.of work locus of control and general health on accident-proneness with the regard to the mediating role of effort-reward imbalance.
The Relationship between Work Shift and Burnout in Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz
Authors: Javaherforoush zade Fatemeh J , Gharacheh Laleh
Published: June 2020

Background: The occupational burnout affects the individuals' physical and mental health and is observed in many occupations as a final outcome  among nurses. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between nurses' work shift and burnout in Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz City.
Methods: This descriptive- analytical study was conducted over all personnel (280 persons) of Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz. The study participants were selected from personnel with at least one year of continuous shift work experience in both shifts as well as day shift groups in 2019.
Results: The prevalence of occupational burnout was 14.3% (40 persons) in the morning shifts and 85.7% (240 persons) in the group who worked in both shifts. Regarding the  occupational burnout components, the prevalence rates of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment were  60.7% (n = 170), 78.6% (n =220), and 46.4% (n = 130), respectively.  Shift work had a significant with emotional exhaustion (P <0.01) and depersonalization (P <0.01).
Conclusion: Considering different levels of occupational burnout in nurses, managers of the health system are suggested to analyze the nurses' needs in order to increase the facilities, study the supply and distribution of human resources in the medical departments, and provide the minimum job security for personnel and nurses.
Structural Model of Spiritual Intelligence and Productivity with the Mediating Role of Work Conscience among Yazd Education Organization Employees
Authors: Ghane Ezabadi Ali Mohammad , Dehghani Fahimeh , Zandvanian Naini Ahmad
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Improvement of productivity is one of the most important aims of organizations. Employees and managers play a central role in enhancing the organization's productivity. Therefore, it is important to consider the effective factors on improving it. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of work conscience in the relationship between employees' spiritual intelligence and productivity.
Method: The research design was cross-sectional and correlational. The participants included 248 employees of the Yazd Education Organization (8 managers, 60 deputies, and 180 employees) selected by proportional stratified sampling method. Data were collected using Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (King, 2008), Work Conscience Questionnaire (Barrick & Mount, 1991), and Productivity Questionnaire (Hersey & Goldsmith, 1983). Data analysis was performed using correlation method based on the structural equation modeling approach using AMOS software version 24.
Results: The analysis showed that the model has a suitable fit to data. The  direct effect of spiritual intelligence on work conscience (0.58) and the direct effect of work conscience on productivity (0.51) were positive and significant. However, the direct effect of spiritual intelligence on productivity was not significant; so, it was omitted from the model. Moreover, the result of bootstrap test indicated a significant and indirect effect of spiritual intelligence on productivity by mediating the role of work conscience.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that managers of organizations can increase their working conscience by enhancing the spiritual intelligence of their employees and achieve more productivity.
Molecular Mechanisms of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss
Authors: Mazrouei Bahareh , Heidari Mohammad Mehdi , Khatami Mehri , Tahmasebi Maryam
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Pregnancy and health is the process in which the egg is fertilized and being able to survive. When pregnancy occurs under some conditions and the fetus is being at risk, it will lead to abortion that occurs involuntarily and spontaneously. Abortions that occur more than two or three times are called recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Various etiological factors involved in RPL, including environmental, pathological and genetic factors. The environmental factors that often related to an inappropriate lifestyle, and endanger the pregnancy. The pathological factors are including autoimmune, infectious, endocrine and anatomical factors. The genetic factors are including several structural and chromosomal abnormalities. The majority of chromosomal abnormalities are including trisomy, polyploidy, and monosomy X. The structural abnormalities due to chromosomal cleavage, which may be balanced or unbalanced. However, a large number of these abortions do not have any clear reason, so molecular studies have shown that these types of recurrent pregnancy losses are related to the gene disorders of the mother. The function of these genes shows that they are associated with the process of formation, implantation and maintenance, fetal growth and development, and so on. This review focuses on the genetic and molecular abnormalities that may involve in the occurrence of recurrent pregnancy loss to choose the appropriate treatment for couples who suffer from RPL, based on the type of disorder.
Effect of Conjugation of Activated Glutaraldehyde-Nanochitosan with L-Asparaginase as an Anti Cancer Enzyme on its Stability and Physicochemical Properties
Authors: Khoonmirzaie Nabiallah , Razi Jalali Mohammad , Sahriari Ali , Tabandeh Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The bacterial Asparaginase is used in the treatment of asparagine-dependent tumors, particularly lymphatic sarcoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, the instability of the enzyme increases the number of injections that are accompanied by high immune responses. The aim of this study was to investigate the conjugation of L-asparaginase with nanochitosan glutaraldehyde (NCG) derivative and its effect on the physichochemical properties of conjugated enzyme.
Methods: In this experimental study, nanochitosan was synthesized using reduction method with acetic acid and its physicochemical properties were evaluated using transmission electron microscopy and particle size analyzer. Activated NCG derivative was produced using 3% acetic acid. The conjugation of NCG derivative to L-asparaginase was performed with different molar ratios of enzyme/nanochitosan (1:2, 1:5, 1:10 and 1:20) in the presence of sodium cyano borohydrate; and the ratio with the highest residual activity was used for physicochemical evaluation. The activity of enzyme at different temperatures and pH, its half-life and stability after freezing and resistance to proteolysis were analyzed through repeated measure analysis of variance using SPSS 18 software.
Results: The results of this study showed that the conjugation of L-asparaginase with NCG derivative resulted in maintaining the 70% enzyme activity. The activity of conjugated enzyme was higher than native enzyme after freezing and trypsin treatment. The optimum pH and temperature of conjugated enzyme did not change, while it had higher activity in wide range of pH and temperature compared with native enzyme.
Conclusion: Conjugation of L-asparaginase with NCG derivative improved physicochemical and stability of enzyme and this method can be used for production of improved L-asparaginase for clinical application.
Evaluation the satisfaction of patients referred to the School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd, 2018
Authors: Hatami Mahnaz , Khanzadeh Habib , Lotfi kamran Mohammad Hossein
Published: June 2020

Introduction: According to the need to know about patient satisfaction in Shahid Sadoughi Dentistry School of Yazd, this study was conducted to evaluate the satisfaction of patients referred to the Department of Restorative, Endodontics, Periodontology, Prosthodontics and Comprehensive Therapy in 2018.
Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the satisfaction rate of 267 patients referred to the School of Dentistry in 5 sections (Periodontics, Endodontics, Restorative, Prosthodontics, and Comprehensive Therapy) at the end of treatment was evaluated using a Dental Satisfaction Questionnaire (DSQ). The questionnaire contained 19 questions in 3 areas: pain, access, and quality of treatment. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 17 and also t-test and ANOVA. The significance level in this study was considered 0.05.
Results: The mean age of patients in this study was 31. 9 ± 11.4 that 63.7% of them were female. According to the results, the mean total score of satisfaction in the studied patients was 68.8 ± 9.2 from 100, and the mean score in area of pain, access, and quality of treatment was 63.9, 65.9 and 71.7, respectively. There was no significant relationship between patients' satisfaction and age, sex, place of residence and different departments of the faculty (P≥0.05), there was only a significant increase in the field of pain satisfaction with increasing age (P = 0.014).
Conclusion: The average satisfaction score of patients referring to Shahid Sadoughi Dentistry School of Yazd in the five sections was 68.8 and was desirable. Considering the degree of satisfaction, more effort is needed to increase the satisfaction of patients.
Serum Level of Anti-Toxoplasma Gondii IgG among the Individuals with/without Migraine
Authors: Jouyani Niloufar , Ahady Mohammad Taghi , Abbasi Vahid
Published: June 2020

Introduction: More than 500 million people throughout the world are infected with Toxoplasma gondii. On the other hand, migraine is known as the most common pain syndrome. The aim of this study was to detect anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG in the serum of individuals with and without migraine.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 50 person (7 male & 43 female, in the age range of 20-60 years) with history and symptoms of migraine (case group), and 50 individuals (7 male & 43 female, in the age range of 20-60 years) without migraine (control group) were selected randomly. Blood samples (5 ml) were collected from all the selected people, and the serum level of anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG were determined using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. In this test, 10 IU/ml of anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG was considered as the minimum titer. For statistical analysis SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL; Version 18 software and -Chi-square and t-tests were used.
Results: 38% of the patients with migraine and 32% of the control group had anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG above 10 IU/ml. The mean amount of anti-T. gondii IgG in the serums of case group was 173.42 IU/ml, while it was 68.25 IU/ml in the control group, the mean amount of Toxo-IgG in migraine positive group was 2.5 time higher than the amount in the control group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results of this study it is concluded that the serum level of anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG in migraine positive persons is significantly higher than the migraine negative individuals. Therefore, it is recommended that the patients disordered with migraine be tested for chronic toxoplasmosis.