bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ZHEZHERYA V.A., ZHEZHERYA T.P., LINNIK P.M. INFLUENCE OF HIGHER AQUATIC VEGETATION ON THE CONTENT OF BIOGENIC ELEMENTS IN LIMNIC SYSTEMS OF AN URBANIZED TERRITORY
Authors: Zhezherya V.A. , Zhezherya T.P. , Linnik P.M.
Published: May 2021

There were considered the results of studies of the content of inorganic nitrogen and its compounds, inorganic phosphorus, dissolved silicon and labile iron in the areas of the Verbne and Telbin Lakes, covered with higher aquatic vegetation and free vegetation, as well as with depth. It was found that the content of inorganic nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate ions and in some cases inorganic phosphorus was decreased in the thickets of higher aquatic vegetation during the growing season several times compared to areas of the lake without thickets. It was found that higher aquatic vegetation during its growing season reduced the content of inorganic nitrogen in the surface layer of water by 1.1–2.0 times, and inorganic phosphorus in some cases by 1.2–1.5 times, compared with their content in sections free vegetation. The concentration of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate ions in the thickets of higher aquatic vegetation was also 1.1–3.1 and 1.3–2.5 times lower, respectively. From the beginning of the growing season, the concentration of inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus and dissolved silicon in the area of the lake without vegetation was decreased on average from 1.122 to 0.096 mg N/dm3, from 0.250 to 0.075 mg P/dm3 and from 4.1 to 0.31 mg/dm3 and in the coastal area from 1.168 to 0.073 mg N/dm3, from 0.298 to 0.063 mg P/dm3 and from 4.0 to 0.32 mg/dm3 respectively. It was found that the share of nitrate ions in the surface layer of the water of Verbne Lake increased from 9.9% to 68.3% from March to June, and in Telbin Lake nitrate ions dominated, even in March. This was due to the increase in the intensity of the nitrification process. In the first case, this was due to the supply of oxygen during photosynthesis, and in the second case, due to artificial aeration. The effect of higher aquatic vegetation on the content of dissolved silicon and labile iron were not observed. The maximum values content of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus and dissolved silicon were observed during spring homothermia. Their content in the surface layer of water gradually decreased due to the assimilation of plant organisms with the beginning of the growing season. Direct temperature stratification led to an increase in the content of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus, dissolved silicon and labile iron in the bottom layer of water due to their inflow from bottom sediments, especially in the absence of dissolved oxygen.
STRATEGIC ROLE OF POLITICAL AND LEGAL VALUES IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS OF THE MODERN HYBRID WARFARE ERA
Authors: Zubchenko Serhii
Published: May 2021

The relevance of the article determines by urgent problems of the global diplomatic agenda, in particular, concerning the international legal response to the Russian military aggression against Ukraine and acts of state terrorism all around the world carried out by Russia within its doctrine of hybrid war. After the end of Yugoslav wars and up until 2014, the threat of full-scale military conflict in European continent was mistakenly evaluated as low, while the other threats (in particular, associated with globalization) considered to be more dangerous. However, the permission to use armed force in Ukraine, unanimously given to V. Putin by the Federation council of Russia on March 1, 2014 and the following events in Ukrainian Crimea and Donbas regions crushed the global order established after the fall of USSR and opened a horrifying terroristic «Pandora’s box» in the very heart of Europe.
As a result of the study, political and legal proposals and recommendations were determined. Considerations regarding the role of trust as a vital element of interstate relations, the lack of which provokes conflicts, leads to the encapsulation of states, making it impossible for them to achieve sustain and progressive development and to solve important common problems, are substantiated.
As a conclusion in this context, the necessity to ensure strict adherence of the principles of international law as the «rules of the game» of the geopolitical club and the «red lines», violating of which activates uncontrolled global scale processes, is highlighted. It is also necessary to ensure prompt response to apparent violations of international law that threaten international peace and global security. In addition, the urgent need to preserve international sanctions against the aggressor country — Russian Federation — and entities, individuals and groups, affiliated with the Putin’s regime, is insisted.
NATIONAL IDENTITY AND THE NATIONAL IDEA AS A FACTOR OF STATE-BUILDING
Authors: Moser Maiia
Published: May 2021

Although it is obvious that an adequate account of the notion of national identity requires a certain understanding of national consciousness, there is still no generally accepted theory regarding the latter. The article considers the connection of state-building and nation-building. The most important tool of nation-building is the dissemination of national consciousness and national identity. The article analyzes the creation of a national idea and considers the major reasons for the incompleteness of Ukrainian nation-building, which results from a lack of political consensus and a comparatively low level of the cultural development of Ukrainian society. For this purpose, we have researched various political materials from web resources using the tools of a structural-functional approach, discourse analysis and content analysis. The study opens deeper insights into the genuine values, interests, motives, stereotypes, attitudes, strategies and tactics of some politicians.
No aspect of national idea is more more puzzling than nation consciousness and national identity. Despite the lack of any agreed upon theory of national consciousness, there is a widespread, if less than universal, understand that an adequate account of national identity requires a clear understanding of it. We need to understand both what nation consciousness, national identity, national idea, nation and state-building.
Therefore the problem of Ukrainian nation and state building results from contradictory ideas od Ukrainian politicians, the lack of a common national idea as such, and the dissemination of false information among the electorate.
Two New Parametric Entropic Models for Discrete Probability Distributions
Authors: Mukesh Om Parkash,
Published: May 2021

Information theory fundamentally deals with two types of theoretical models frequently well acknowledged as entropy and divergence.  In the literature of entropy models for the discrete probability distributions, there survive numerous standard models but still there is possibility that several innovative models can be constructed so as to provide their applications in a variety of disciplines of mathematical sciences. The present communication is a right step in this direction and participates with the derivation of two new parametric models of entropy. Furthermore, it provides the meticulous study of the most advantageous properties of the projected discrete models to prove their legitimacy.
Reducing Parent-School Information Gaps and Improving Education Outcomes: Evidence from High-Frequency Text Messages
Authors: Berlinski Samuel , Busso Matías , Dinkelman Taryn , Martínez A. Claudia
Published: May 2021

We conducted an experiment in low-income schools in Chile to test the effects and behavioral changes triggered by a program that sends attendance, grade, and classroom behavior information to parents via weekly and monthly text messages. Our 18-month intervention raised average math GPA by 0.09 of a standard deviation and increased the share of students satisfying attendance requirements for grade promotion by 4.5 percentage points. Treatment effects were larger for students at higher risk of later grade retention and dropout. Leveraging existing school inputs for a light-touch, cost-effective, and scalable information intervention can improve education outcomes in lower-income settings.
Estresse e qualidade de vida no trabalho em servidores públicos da educação no sertão da Paraíba
Authors: Carneiro André Mário Ampére dos Santos , Soares Danilo De Medeiros Arcanjo , Correia Deyse Morgana das Neves , Oliveira Sílvia Ximenes
Published: May 2021

Ao compreendermos que a qualidade de vida no trabalho e o estresse envolvem fatores críticos no desenvolvimento de doenças no ambiente laboral, objetivamos com esta pesquisa avaliar o nível de estresse e qualidade de vida no trabalho dos servidores de uma instituição pública de ensino no sertão da Paraíba. O método da pesquisa foi quantitativo e descritivo, utilizando questionário de perfil sociodemográfico, a versão resumida do questionário de qualidade de vida no trabalho e a escala de estresse no trabalho. Os dados foram analisados de acordo com a literatura pertinente e associada a uma análise estatística descritiva. A amostra foi composta por 80 servidores públicos que trabalham na educação, sendo estes, professores e técnicos administrativos: 62,5% têm idade entre 29 e 39 anos e 86,25% têm de 03 a 08 anos de serviço prestados na instituição. Como resultado, a maior parcela dos servidores que são professores apresentou pouco ou nenhum estresse, e a qualidade de vida destes profissionais foi melhor em todos os domínios, com destaque para o domínio pessoal, que atingiu o score de 82,42. Todos os fatores levantados permitem verificar a importância da autonomia como fator de destaque para satisfação e qualidade de vida no trabalho.
Capacidades distintivas de la FAC como elementos de disuasión en el marco de cooperación con la OTAN
Authors: Carrasquilla Acevedo Paula Andrea
Published: May 2021

La presente investigación se enmarca en la aceptación de Colombia como “partner across the globe” por parte del Consejo de la OTAN, lo que representa ser el noveno socio global de la OTAN y el único país en América en alcanzar tan relevante estatus. Sin embargo, más allá de este evento significativo, es poco lo que se conoce abiertamente acerca del acuerdo y de los avances que ha tenido hasta el presente. Por tal razón, la presente investigación busca aportar información valiosa sobre los avances, compromisos y oportunidades que se presentan para las Fuerzas Militares en el marco de esta importante alianza. Para el desarrollo de esta, se aplicó un enfoque metodológico de tipo cualitativo, empleando herramientas de análisis y triangulación de la información, que incluyó aportes de personal experto y datos de fuentes especializadas en el tema. Posteriormente, la investigación se enfoca en las oportunidades de la Fuerza Aérea Colombiana en el marco del convenio, considerando sus capacidades distintivas y su potencial disuasivo. Mediante un análisis estructurado en el modelo DOMPI (Doctrina, Organización, Material y Equipo, Personal, Infraestructura), se contrastan las debilidades, oportunidades, fortalezas y amenazas (DOFA) de la Fuerza Aérea Colombiana con el fin de proponer un lineamiento estratégico que potencie el poder aéreo a través de la disuasión.
Peligros de la operación aérea en la Antártida para gestionar la seguridad operacional de la Fuerza Aérea Colombiana
Authors: Tabares Gómez William Andrés
Published: May 2021

La actividad aérea en la Antártida es considerada de riesgo, debido a las bajas temperaturas del ambiente y las condiciones topográficas. La Fuerza Aérea Colombiana (FAC) ha realizado operaciones en el territorio antártico desde 2015, y proyecta su incremento en un futuro cercano. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este artículo fue identificar los peligros de la operación aérea en la Antártida para gestionar la seguridad operacional de la FAC. Para tal fin, se realizó un estudio transversal mixto no experimental durante la misión antártica de la FAC en el verano austral 2019-2020, y se utilizó la metodología de panorama de riesgos operacionales vigente en la FAC. El panorama de riesgos obtenido mostró a la salida de pista el congelamiento y los factores humanos como los de mayor riesgo para la operación, situación que coincide con lo reportado en la literatura. Con la información recolectada se elaboró una herramienta para mitigación del riesgo operacional de la FAC en misiones polares. Finalmente, para la gestión del riesgo de las operaciones aéreas de la FAC en la Antártida, se concluyó que el núcleo fundamental radica en la capacitación permanente del personal involucrado en operaciones polares, las cuales se encuentran entre las de mayor riesgo dentro de la actividad aérea. Además, se recomienda actualizar o revisar el panorama de riesgos al menos una vez cada seis meses, con el fin de investigar las últimas tendencias meteorológicas predominantes en el continente blanco, ya que el calentamiento global y el cambiante clima podrían arrojar fenómenos que no se hayan identificado en el presente estudio.
Tip 4 Kurulum ile Betonarme Boru Tasarımı
Authors: KILIÇ Havvanur , DEMİRCİ Onur
Published: May 2021

Gömülü betonarme boru tasarımında yaygın olarak kullanılan yöntemlerden birisi ACPA tarafından 1970’li yıllarda geliştirilmeye başlanılan doğrudan tasarım yöntemidir. Bu yöntemde (SIDD) Tip 4 boru kurulumunda tabanda kayaç malzeme olmadığında boru tabanında özel bir yatak malzemesine ihtiyaç yoktur ve gömülme için herhangi bir kontrol gerektirmemektedir. Bu çalışmada, doğrudan tasarım yöntemine göre Tip 4 kurulum ile gömülen bir betonarme borunun davranışı incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda zemin-yapı etkileşimi dikkate alınarak beton bir borunun tasarımı için parametrik sayısal analizler yapılmıştır. Analizlerde gömme derinliği ve boru çapı değişimi dikkate alınarak hesaplanan kesit tesirlerine göre gerekli donatı alanları belirlenerek Tip 4 kurulum koşulları için bir abak oluşturulmuştur. Ayrıca belirlenen bu donatı alanları, ülkemizde gömülü boruların tasarımında yaygın olarak kullanılan İller Bankası A.Ş’nin kullandığı donatı alanları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Böylece Tip 4 kurulum koşulları için bu abaktan yararlanılarak pratik olarak tasarım yapılabilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
“Yes, I am a wanderer on this earth — a pilgrim. Are you anything more than that?”: Goethe’s “The Wanderer” and “The Sorrows of Young Werther”
Authors: Chernenko Irina A.
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the motif of wandering, which is repetitive for Goethe’s oeuvre. The motif finds its particular embodiment in the intratextual dialogue of Goethe’s “The Wanderer” (1772) and the novel “The Sorrows of Young Werther” (1774). The novel reveals Goethe’s characteristic “contrasting combination of wanderer and idyll” (Kaiser), which first appeared in “The Wanderer”. The article demonstrates both the similarity of the details constituting the idyll in the novel and the dialogue (images of women, aesthetic motives, unusual landscape representations, etc.), and the contrasting interpretations of the motif of pilgrimage in these works. From our perspective Werther turns to be an untypical wanderer figure as he is longing to interrupt his journey.
Socially responsible investments
Authors: Remlein Marzena
Published: May 2021

Socially responsible investing (SRI) is a decision making process concerning the allocation of free financial resources, where the investor aims at maximization of profit and minimization of risk on one part, and includes the socio-ethical and environmental-ecological considerations on the other. We can find four types of motives, describing them as mobilizing forces to undertake SRI. These are psychological and social, legal, economic and strategic, financial. Investors invest their funds in such investments by choosing the right investment strategy for them. We can find many different classifications relating to strategies and actions within the framework of SRI. The most important classifications of the SRI strategy were prepared by Global Sustainable Investment Review and Eurosif. These two organizations prepare also reports on SRI in the world and in Europe. The European market has the largest share in the global SRI market but the most dynamically developing market is Japan.
Reflexiones en torno a la diplomacia científica: estado del debate, experiencia internacional y perspectivas para Colombia
Authors: Ordonez-Matamoros Gonzalo , Roa González María Paula , Centeno Cachopo Juan Pablo
Published: May 2021

Si bien la relación entre ciencia y diplomacia es de vieja data, los esfuerzos por conceptualizarla a partir del siglo xxi dieron origen a la diplomacia científica, una noción impulsada de manera entusiasta por emprendedores de política, en particular en la Unión Europea. Sin embargo, la discusión en español sobre este concepto emergente es aun escasa y poco critica, por lo que en este artículo de reflexión se exploran las bases del concepto de diplomacia científica con el propósito de clarificar sus alcances. Repasamos las principales definiciones de la diplomacia científica y mapeamos el avance en la producción de conocimiento sobre la misma. Encontramos que se trata de un campo emergente, con arraigo disciplinar en la tradición de las relaciones internacionales y de base empírica multisectorial, preocupada esencialmente por retos ambientales desde el Norte Global. Asimismo, examinamos algunas experiencias internacionales que ilustran las posibles perspectivas y condiciones de viabilidad de la diplomacia científica en Colombia. El articulo concluye con algunas reflexiones críticas sobre el concepto.
Las políticas de inserción estratégica de los países del golfo Pérsico en el cuerno de África
Authors: Agustín Benítez Ricardo
Published: May 2021

El presente trabajo busca abordar el sistema de inserción estratégica de los países del golfo Pérsico en el cuerno de África, mediante un enfoque multidimensional que permita entender cómo dichas estrategias son flexibles y pragmáticas, en tanto dependen, en gran medida, de la cooperación o resistencia de los actores que se encuentran involucrados. Los países africanos son actores activos en el proceso de inserción estratégica de Estados extra-regionales con intereses en la zona, por lo que pueden definir los alcances de las políticas aplicadas, adquiriendo un mayor margen de negociación, en la medida que varias políticas de inserción se focalizan en temas o puntos geográficos específicos. Analizar cómo se transforman las relaciones entre estos actores, permite reflexionar y visibilizar el rol que tienen los Estados africanos para condicionar las políticas de influencia de actores extra-regionales.
Comparação entre medidas implícitas e explícitas na avaliação de casais homoafetivos e heteroafetivos
Authors: Teixeira Maisa Kirchmaier , De Almeida João Henrique , Bortoloti Renato , Huziwara Edson Massayuki
Published: May 2021

Devido às possíveis limitações relacionadas ao uso de medidas explícitas em pesquisas envolvendo questões socialmente sensíveis, o uso de medidas implícitas tem se tornado uma prática recorrente em diversas áreas do conhecimento. Nesse contexto, tornam-se necessários experimentos que comparem os resultados gerados por cada tipo de medida. O objetivo do presente experimento foi exatamente comparar medidas explícitas e implícitas sobre a avaliação de imagens de casais hétero e homoafetivos em participantes autodeclarados hétero e homossexuais. Para a obtenção da medida explícita, os participantes avaliaram as referidas imagens por meio de uma escala Likert de cinco pontos. Para a obtenção da medida implícita, eles realizaram uma tarefa utilizando o Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP). De maneira geral, os resultados do IRAP demonstraram que participantes heterossexuais apresentaram um viés comportamental positivo tanto para fotos de casais heteroafetivos quanto para fotos de casais homoafetivos. Participantes homossexuais, por sua vez, apresentaram um viés comportamental positivo para fotos de casais homoafetivos e foram neutros com relação a fotos de casais heteroafetivos. Por meio da análise dos resultados foi possível observar que as medidas implícitas e explícitas deferiram principalmente para os participantes autodeclarados homossexuais. Tais resultados são discutidos a luz de Teoria das Molduras Relacionais e das possíveis diferenças existentes na história de reforçamento que participantes desses diferentes grupos são expostos.
Effect of Feeding Bio-fortified Maize on Performance and Slaughter Parameters in Vanaraja Birds
Authors: Prakash B. , Rao S.V. Rama , Raju M.V.L.N. , Hossain Firoz , Vignesh M. , Khulbe Rajesh Kumar , Kumar Bhupender , Rakshit Sujay
Published: May 2021

Background: The normal maize contains high zein fraction and devoid of lysine and tryptophan thus making lysine as second limiting amino acid in it. The opaque-2 and floury-2 mutants produce higher levels of lysine and tryptophan. Through plant breeding programme, bio-fortified maize (Provitamin-A enriched) is being produced. Therefore, the study was conducted to determine the effect feeding different bio-fortified maize based diets in Vanaraja birds. Methods: The experiment was conducted during January to April 2018 at ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research. For the purpose, 175 day old chicks were randomly divided into 5 dietary groups each having 7 replicates with 5 birds each. Five experimental diets were formulated to contain normal maize (Diet 1), Vivek Hybrid 9 (Diet 2), APQH9 (Diet 3), Vivek QPM 9 (Diet 4) and white maize (Diet 5). The experimental diets fed ad libitum to all the chicks up to 6 weeks (nursery phase) and recorded performance parameters. Result: Improved feed efficiency was recorded in the group fed diet with APQH9 (Diet 3) compared to other experimental diets. The decrease in abdominal fat and increased breast muscle among the birds fed diet contained Vivek QPM 9 (Diet 4) and APQH9 (Diet 3) was recorded in comparison to other dietary groups. Hence, it is concluded that the birds fed QPM and QPM + Provit A showed an improved feed efficiency, reduced abdominal fat and increased breast muscle in Vanaraja birds during nursery phase.
Pathomorphology of Concurrent Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) and Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP) in a Cross Breed Goat Flock
Authors: Shanmugavadivu P. , Srinivasan P. , Arulmozhi A. , Sivaraman S. , Balasubramaniam G.A. , Sasikala M. , Nithya P.
Published: May 2021

Background: Respiratory diseases are very common in goats and cause severe economic loss to the rural poor farmers. Proper identification of the actual pathogen(s) responsible for the respiratory infections is critical for timely and proper management of those diseases. The present communication describes the spontaneous occurrence of concurrent Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and contagious caprine pleuro-pneumonia (CCPP) in a goat flock. Methods: An outbreak of respiratory disease in a goat flock consisting of 45 Tellicherry cross bred animals in varying age groups was investigated during the month of February 2019 in Namakkal district of Tamil Nadu. Information of disease outbreak and flock details were collected. Samples from live (nasal, ocular and rectal swabs) and dead (lung, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes) were collected for detection of Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) and Mycoplasma capricolum subsp.capripneumoniae (MCCP) antigen by polymerase chain reaction. Tissues from heart, lung, liver, kidney, intestine, spleen and lymph node were collected in 10% neutral buffered formalin for histopathological examination. Result: Out of 45 goats at risk, 23 showed clinical signs and 17 died of disease conditions with morbidity, mortality and case fatality rate of 51.11%, 37.77% and 73.91% respectively. PPR was confirmed by RT-PCR with M gene specific primers (191bp) and CCPP was confirmed by PCR with 16S rRNA gene fragment (316 bp). Affected animals showed clinical signs of pyrexia, anorexia, marked depression, mild erosions in the oral mucosa, nasal and ocular discharge, coughing and diarrhoea. Necropsy examination revealed congested oral mucosa, extensive pleuritis with large fibrin clots on lung surface and greyish pink consolidation of cranial lobes and anterior parts of diaphragmatic lobes. On section, consolidated areas were granular in appearance. Histopathology of lung revealed thickening of pleura, interlobular septa and alveolar wall by fibrin deposition and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Pulmonary congestion, infiltration of neutrophils and mononuclear cells, syncytial cell formation with eosinophilic intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusions were also noticed. Visceral organs showed degenerative and necrotic changes.
MUNTINGIA CALABURA’S LEAVES EXTRACT OINTMENT INCREASED COLLAGEN DENSITY AND ENHANCED HEALING OF SKIN INCISION WOUND IN HYPERGLYCEMIC MICE
Authors: Sembiring Irene Cristina Br , Wardhita Anak Agung Gede , Adi Anak Agung Ayu Mirah
Published: May 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of Muntingia calabura‘s leaves extract ointment on the healing of cuts in the skin of hyperglycemic mice in terms of collagen density. This study used 24 male mice (Mus musculus) with alloxan induced hyperglycemia (150 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneal. Skin incisions are made on the back using a scalpel with a length of ± 15 mm and a depth reaching the subcutaneous. The experimental animals were randomly divided into four treatments and each treatment consisted of six replications, namely the control was given a placebo, and the treatment of cherry leaf extract ointment with a concentration of 30%, 40%, and 50%. The process of wound healing was observed histopathological with collagen density parameters. Based on the results, there was an increase in collagen density in each treatment. The mean collagen density in treatment (T) 0% (T0) 0.60; at treatment 30% (T1) 0.73; at treatment 40% (T3) 1,46; at 50% treatment (T3) was 2.20. The results of the study through the Kruskal Wallis test stated that the cherry leaf extract ointment had a very significant effect on the healing of the incision wound of hyperglycemic mice as seen from the density of collagen. We conclude that the administration of 50% cherry leaf extract ointment is the most effective in accelerating the healing of the hyperlycemic mice incision wounds in terms of collagen density.
THE PREVALENCE AND IDENTIFICATION OF STRONGYLE NEMATODE IN INTEGRATED BALI CATTLE FARMING SYSTEM IN DISTRIC OF MENGWI, BADUNG, BALI
Authors: Madani Inggrid , Apsari Ida Ayu Pasti , Oka Ida Bagus Made
Published: May 2021

Cacing nematoda gastrointestinal merupakan parasit yang sering menginfeksi hewan ternak, khususnya pada ternak sapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi sekaligus mengetahui prevalensi cacing nematoda gastrointestinal pada sapi bali yang dipelihara secara sistem pemeliharaan sapi terintergrasi (simantri) dan sistem pemeliharaan semi insentif (bukan simantri) di Kecamatan Mengwi, Badung, Bali. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasi dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu purposive sampling. Objek pengamatan yaitu sampel feses sapi bali betina dewasa berjumlah dari 167 sampel sapi bali yang terdiri dari 105 ekor sapi dari peternakan simantri dan 62 ekor sapi bukan simantri. Data yang dikumpulkan, dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif dan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara cara pemeliharaan dengan prevalensi infeksi dianalisis menggunakan Chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 167 sampel sapi bali 27 positif (16,1%) terinfeksi cacing nematoda gastrointestinal. Prevalensi nematoda gastrointestinal pada sapi bali dengan sistem pemeliharaan bukan simantri (24,2%) lebih tinggi dari pemeliharaan secara simantri (11,4%). Jenis telur cacing yang didapatkan adalah tipe Stongyle. Hasil analisis didapatkan adanya hubungan antara sistem pemeliharaan secara simantri dan bukan simantri di Kecamatan Mengwi, dengan prevalensi infeksi cacing nematoda gastrointestinal pada sapi bali.
CHRONIC RHINITIS IN MIXED SHIH TZU DOG: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Pratiwi Rizki , Antara Made Suma , Erawan I Gusti Made Krisna
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Rhinitis merupakan radang selaput lendir hidung oleh proses inflamasi mukosa hidung yang disebabkan oleh reaksi alergi maupun bukan dari reaksi alergi. Studi kasus bertujuan untuk mengetahui teknik diagnosis dan terapi yang tepat untuk kasus rhinitis. Pemeriksaan dilakukan terhadap seekor anjing peliharaan di Laboratorium Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Veteriner, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Udayana. Anjing datang dengan keluhan bersin-bersin, ditemukan adanya leleran dari hidung dan mata, dan epistaksis yang telah terjadi selama dua bulan. Pemeriksaan fisik menunjukkan adanya leleran mukopurulen dari hidung, leleran mukopurulen dari mata, frekuensi pernapasan meningkat hingga 68 kali/menit. Pemeriksaan penunjang dengan sinar Rontgen dilakukan untuk meneguhkan di bagian mana terjadi gangguan pada sistem respirasi anjing yaitu dengan hasil sistem respirasi anjing terlihat normal tanpa ada gangguan. Pada pemeriksaan hematologi ditemukan bahwa anjing kasus mengalami limfositosis (60%) dan monositosis (17%). Terapi yang diberikan yaitu antibiotik cefixime untuk mengobati kemungkinan adanya infeksi sekunder bakteri dengan dosis terapi 5-12,5 mg/kg BB dengan jumlah yang diberikan sebanyak 0,5 kapsul dua kali sehari, hemostatik lokal epinephrine untuk menghentikan epistaksis, antiinflamasi berupa meloxicam tablet untuk mengobati peradangan lokal yang terjadi pada hidung dengan dosis terapi 0,2 mg/kg BB dengan jumlah permberian sebanyak 0,25 tablet per oral satu kali sehari, serta tetes mata chloramphenicol untuk mengobati leleran mata/ocular discharge. Hasil pengobatan selama tujuh hari meunjukkan bahwa terapi yang diberikan membantu mengurangi gejala penyakit yaitu tidak adanya leleran yang keluar dari mata dan hidung, tidak terjadi epistaksis, dan frekuensi pernapasan kembali normal.
Psychographische Segmentierung von Sommerurlaubern in Österreich
Authors: Dolnicar Sara
Published: May 2021

Marktsegmentierung bildet eine Basis für effiziente Marketingaktionen. Die Identifikation von Touristensegmenten ermöglicht die gezielte Ausrichtung des Marketingmix auf die Zielgruppen. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung werden Urlaubersegmente unter den Österreich-Gästen der Sommersaison identifiziert, die als solche eine Marktbearbeitungsgrundlage darstellen. Aus einem Umfragedatensatz der Gästebefragung Österreich (ÖGAF) der Sommersaison 1994, bei dem 7864 Befragte die Wichtigkeit von 22 Urlaubsfaktoren beurteilten, wird mittels Seif Organizing Feature Maps sowie k-means Clustering eine psychographische Taxonomie erstellt. Die Ergebnisse lassen auf die Existenz von sieben Urlaubersegmenten schließen, die sich hinsichtlich Ihrer Anforderungen an einen Urlaubsaufenthalt deutlich unterscheiden, wobei sich die größte Gruppe, die der ruhesuchenden Urlauber, in drei weitere Subgruppen unterteilen läßt.
Towards a recognizable cultural identity of Croatian tourism
Authors: Fox Renata
Published: May 2021

Tourism as social practice is inseparable from culture. The position of tourists towards culture is divided. Tourists primarily motivated by culture are not many. However, on the global tourist market this group represents a growing, exceptionally lucrative niche. Accidental and reluctant consumers of culture total some 45%. Through specific elements of cultural offer tourist marketing aims to attract both groups. A truly impressive and highly presentable national cultural heritage is a key element in the process of Croatian tourism revival and creation of a recognisable identity. The most immediate task is to define a relationship between culture and tourism, i.e. what tourism can gain through culture, how culture can be applied in tourism, and how profitable it is. Investigations of printed promotional materials indicate a lack of fundamental understanding on part of the tourist destination regarding the role of cultural heritage in tourism. This indicates the need for improved private-public sector collaboration and a better understanding of the sociodemographic traits, i.e. national habits and class pursuits of prospective tourists.
Attitudes and motivation of hotel management undergraduate students towards foreign language courses
Authors: Miškulin Čubrić Dolores
Published: May 2021

As a first stage of the project regarding an investigation of attitudes and motivation of Hotel management undergraduate students towards foreign language courses, in this paper attitudes and motivation of HM students towards the Italian language are examined. The results of the study involving three groups with 178 students show which aspects of the language they consider to be the most important for them, as well as which of them are most highly evaluated according to their opinion. The most important for them is "the instrumental aspect" (enabling students to use their knowledge in their future profession), followed by "the educational aspect", "the communicative aspect" and "the cultural aspect", while the written form of the language is completely neglected. These facts should be taken into consideration by language teachers when planning lectures, new language courses and curricula.
Seniorentourismus als Zukunftsmarkt für die kroatische Hotelindustrie
Authors: Peruza Franco
Published: May 2021

Während in der kroatischen Hotellerie „Pensionäre“ noch immer bestenfalls als Lückenfüller für die umsatzschwachen Saisonperioden gelten, hat sich in den Herkunfts- (und Ziel-)ländern Westeuropas das Bild der „Senioren“ mittlerweile entscheidend gewandelt. In Deutschland wird ein Wachstum des Bevölkerungsanteils der über 60-jährigen auf ein Viertel der Gesamtbevölkerung im Jahr 2010 prognostiziert, Tendenz steigend. Die Mehrheit dieser Altersgruppe verfügt über ausreichend hohe Einkommen und Finanzreserven, um sich Reisen leisten zu können. Davon zeugt auch die deutlich verstärkte Reiseintensität der Senioren in den letzten Jahren. Besonders im Urlaub nutzen die ,jungen Alten“ aktiv die Angebote der modernen Freizeit-gesellschaft. Durch Umsetzung eines altersspezifischen, bedürfnis- und anspruchsgerechten Marketings in allen seinen Phasen (Produkt- und Preisgestaltung, Vertrieb und Kommunikation) sollte es möglich sein, das außergewöhnlich große Potential dieser (trotz allem heterogenen) tourist-schen Zielgruppe effektiver auszuschöpfen. Dabei sind einschneidende Veränderungen in der Angebotspolitik meist gar nicht notwendig: anstelle von Isolation durch spezielle „Senioren-programme“ suchen die Senioren nach aktiver Teilnahme am Gesellschaftsleben mit dem Kontakt zu anderen Generationen.
On the Scales of Selves: Information, Life, and Buddhist Philosophy
Authors: Gershenson Carlos
Published: May 2021

When we attempt to define life, we tend to refer to individuals, those that are alive. But these individuals might be cells, organisms, colonies... ecosystems? We can describe living systems at different scales. Which ones might be the best ones to describe different selves? I explore this question using concepts from information theory, ALife, and Buddhist philosophy. After brief introductions, I review the implications of changing the scale of observation, and how this affects our understanding of selves at different structural, temporal, and informational scales. The conclusion is that there is no single ``best'' scale for a self, as this will depend on the scale at which decisions must be made. Different decisions, different scales.
Hypothesis of Quantum Gravity - Resulting from a Static, Topological Universe Resulting from the Positives and Negatives of the Steady State and Big Bang Theories
Authors: Bartlett Rodney
Published: May 2021

This hypothesis is the result of my conviction that science will oneday prove everything in space and time is part of a unification. In "A Brief History of Time", Stephen Hawking wrote, "If everything in the universe depends on everything else in a fundamental way, it might be impossible to get close to a full solution (of the universe's puzzles) by investigating parts of the problem (such as general relativity and quantum mechanics) in isolation." The goal: to establish a “proof of concept” to which equations can be added. It’s concluded the Steady State, Big Bang, Inflation and Multiverse theories all ultimately fail and a topological model including bits (binary digits), Mobius strips, figure-8 Klein bottles and Wick rotation works better. The failed cosmologies have impressive points leading to the idea that they’re all necessary stepping-stones. For example, the Big Bang is seen here as violation of the 1st Law of Thermodynamics but its supposed origin from quantum fluctuations is reminiscent of bits switching between 1 and 0. The topological hypothesis has potential to explain dark matter, dark energy, and electromagnetic-gravitational union. Finally, the article introduces what is called vector-tensor-scalar geometry - and extensions of Einstein's Gravity and Maxwell's Electromagnetism.
Early Identification of Root Rot Disease by Using Hyperspectral Reflectance: The Case of Pathosystem Grapevine/Armillaria
Authors: Calamita Federico , Imran Hafiz Ali , Vescovo Loris , Mekhalfi Mohamed Lamine , La Porta Nicola
Published: May 2021

The Armillaria genus represents one of the most common causes of chronic root rot disease in woody plants. The disease damage prompt assessment is crucial for pest management. However, the disease detection current methods are limited at the field scale. Therefore, an alternative approach that can enhance or supplement traditional techniques is needed. In this study, we investigated the potential of hyperspectral methods to identify the changes between fungi-infected and uninfected plants of Vitis vinifera in early detecting the Armillaria disease. The hyperspectral imaging sensor Specim-IQ was used to acquire images of leaves of the Teroldego Rotaliano grapevine cultivar. We analysed three groups of plants: healthy, asymptomatic, and diseased. Highly significant differences were found in the Near infrared (NIR) spectral region with a decreasing pattern from healthy to diseased plants attributable to internal leaf structure changes. Asymptomatic plants emerged from the other groups due to a smaller reflectance in the red-edge spectrum (around 705nm). Hypothetically associated with the presence of secondary metabolites involved in plant defence strategy. Furthermore, significant differences were observed in the wavelengths close to 550 nm in diseased plants versus asymptomatic. We used linear discriminant analysis from a machine learning context to classify the leaves based on the most significant variables (vegetation indices and single bands), with resulting overall accuracies of 85% and 84% respectively in healthy vs. diseased and healthy vs. asymptomatic. To our knowledge, this study represents the first report on the possibility of using hyperspectral data for root rot disease diagnosis on woody plants. Although further validation studies are required, it appears that the spectral reflectance technique, possibly implemented on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), could be a promising tool for a cost-effective, non-destructive method of Armillaria disease early diagnosis and mapping in the field, contributing to a significant step forward in precision viticulture.
Recent Developments in Treating Cognitive Impairment Associated with Schizophrenia
Authors: Bittner Robert A , Barnes-Scheufler Catherine V , Hettwer Meike D , Reif Andreas , Qubad Mishal
Published: May 2021

Pervasive and wide-ranging cognitive deficits are a core feature of schizophrenia and an important determinant of long-term functional outcome. The lack of sufficiently effective treatments for cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia (CIAS) represents a major unmet need and a central roadblock towards recovery. This is partly due to the current therapeutic focus on clinical symptoms, and the relative neglect of cognitive impairments despite their functionally disabling effects. Furthermore, effective treatment is impeded by our limited knowledge of the complex pathophysiology, which gives rise to perturbed information processing. Here, we review mechanisms and effectiveness of available pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for CIAS. Current evidence indicates, that while techniques which broadly enhance neural plasticity show the greatest therapeutic potential, effect sizes are at best moderate. Among other reasons, this is due to a considerable heterogeneity of responses to individual interventions. Furthermore, we discuss how recent conceptual advances in operationalizing cognitive impairments based on cognitive neuroscience have the potential to address these issues and facilitate the development of novel treatment strategies for CIAS. This includes more clearly elucidating pathophysiological mechanisms in both humans and animal models, identifying new treatment targets as well as establishing biomarkers for a better prediction of treatment responses.
Green Consciousness as a Determinant of Organic Food Purchase Intention: Evidences from a Case Study in Italy
Authors: Carzedda Matteo , Gallenti Gianluigi , Cosmina Marta , Nassivera Federico
Published: May 2021

The rapid growth of the organic food market in Italy and in other developed countries has drawn the attention of researchers and practitioners. The diffusion of pro-environmental concerns and sustainable lifestyles among consumers are often cited as two of the main drivers of the increase in demand for organic food products. Consequently, unveiling the factors that influence consumers’ demand of, and preference for organic food is essential for all the actors involved in the supply chain. This paper presents the results of a research model which relates organic food purchase intention to consumers’ green consciousness, health motivations, food safety concerns, organic product knowledge, family and social context and perception of the intrinsic quality of food. A questionnaire, based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the extant literature on organic food choice, was developed and presented to a sample of 600 Italian consumers. Causal relations among variables were then tested using Structural Equation Modelling. The results suggest that, besides the existence of green consciousness, other variables may affect consumers’ preference for organic food: among these, specific and closely interlinked elements, such as food safety concerns and perceived quality heavily affected the intention to buy organic food products.
Applying Philosophy, Logic, and Rational Argumentation to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Pandemic Response
Authors: Joffe Ari , Redman David
Published: May 2021

Part of philosophy is to subject assertions to critical scrutiny, clarifying exactly what the assertion is saying, its implications, and thus its direct plausibility. The goal is to ensure clarity, logical consistency, and rational argumentation in order to arrive at reasoned conclusions. A common problem is that arguments have missing implied premises that, unless explicitly stated, are mistakenly assumed to be true. Here we subject conclusions made regarding the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic to critical scrutiny, revealing their implied premises so that these premises can be explicitly examined and refuted. Specifically, we refute the conclusions that “no one is protected until everyone is protected” and “population lockdowns are required to protect those at high risk of adverse outcomes.” In the end, we argue for the conclusion that “an Emergency Management principles based response to the pandemic, compared to population-wide lockdowns, offers a way to prevent more adverse outcomes from COVID-19, better prevent overwhelmed healthcare, and prevent most of the collateral damage to the wellbeing of the population that has resulted from the lockdowns.”
Cultural Heritage through Design Thinking
Authors: Andreescu Diana
Published: May 2021

The general purpose of the Design Thinking approach (concept taken over in Romanian without its translation and which involves conception-oriented thinking) is to support the conception and design of products, services, processes, strategies, spaces, architecture and experiences ideal for use optimal. Applying the approach leads to the development of practical and innovative solutions to the problems identified in the product and / or technology design departments of companies. As described in the article Design Thinking is a process springing from the user-centered conception-design paradigm. The objective of the article is to highlight the need to combine urban study within Design Thinking, in the case of all areas of conception-design of solutions.
Performance of a Non-Invasive Blood Test for a Conformational Variant of p53 to Predict Alzheimer’s Disease Within 6 Years of Clinical Diagnosis
Authors: Piccirella Simona , Uberti Daniela , Xiong Chengjie , Fowler Christopher , Doecke James , Fagan Anne , Frisoni Giovanni , Kinnon Paul
Published: May 2021

Background: Research continues to search for blood-based biomarkers sensitive to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology during the initial stages when symptoms of cognitive decline are not yet apparent. A blood-based biomarker candidate is metalloprotein p53, the conformation of which was previously found to be altered in peripheral cells from individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD, presenting as an unfolded p53 (U-p53) conformational variant. Methods: Plasma samples from the well-characterized Australian Imaging, Biomarkers, and Lifestyle (AIBL) cohort were used to identify the clinically relevant AZ 284® peptide, specifically present in samples from individuals with symptomatic AD. The AZ 284® peptide, which is a marker of the U-p53 conformational variant (U-p53AZ), was identified by immunoprecipitation (IP) with a novel U-p53 conformational variant-specific antibody followed by liquid chromatography (LC) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and protein sequencing. Using IP-LC surface-activated chemical ionization (SACI) MS/MS analysis, the prognostic and diagnostic performance of U-p53AZ were examined in the longitudinal AIBL cohort, including 252 plasma samples derived from 214 elderly individuals. For the prognostic analyses, U-p53AZ levels were assessed at 36, 72, and 90 months after baseline assessment. Results: The prognostic performance of U-p53AZ to predict the progression to AD from preclinical or prodromal AD was high, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values close to or above 0.90. Furthermore, U-p53AZ predicted the progression to AD more than 6 years prior to symptom onset with positive and negative predictive values of about 90%. Additionally, the estimated prognostic performance of U-p53AZ was superior to other main risk factors (i.e., age, sex, and either alone or in combination with amyloid status. Furthermore, U-p53AZ had high diagnostic performance to differentiate cognitively normal individuals from those with AD (AUC values >0.88). Conclusion: These findings support the use of U-p53AZ as a prognostic blood-based biomarker accurately predicting the progression to AD dementia during the preclinical and prodromal stages at least 6 years before receiving the clinical diagnosis of AD dementia.