bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mushkilāt al-Ṭalabah fī Qirā’at al-Nuṣūṣ al-ʿArabīyah ʿalá Asās Naẓarīyat Muḥammad ʿAlī al-Khūlī
Authors: Rizki Restu Budiansyah
Published: March 2023

This study aims to describe the problems that students face when reading Arabic texts based on Muhammad Ali Al Khuli's theories. The qualitative descriptive field method was used in this study. Data collection methods included: (1) observation, (2) questionnaire, and (3) interview methods. Data analysis methods in this study were based on Miles and Huberman's methods, which involve 4 steps: (1) data collection, (2) data reduction, (3) data presentation, and (4) data conclusion. Meanwhile, data validity testing in this study used triangulation methods from both data sources and data collection. The results of this study showed that the problems faced by students in reading Arabic texts include moving backward, emplacement, focusing, confusion, preparation, boredom, remembering, taking notice, attention, and repetition problems.
Problematika Non-Linguistik Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Kurikulum 2013 Pascapandemi Covid-19 di MI Darul Ulum Ngaliyan Semarang
Authors: Humaidah Humaidah , Nisa’ Luthfiyah Khoirun
Published: March 2023

This research aims to describe the non-linguistic problems of implementing the 2013 curriculum in Arabic learning at MI Darul Ulum Ngaliyan Semarang after the COVID-19 pandemic and efforts to overcome them. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data were collected by interview and documentation. Non-linguistic problems are found in the process of learning activities and human resources. The problems of learning activities include interaction patterns, learning models and techniques, learning media, assessments, teaching materials, and learning processes. The problems of human resources are in the teacher and heterogeneity of students, low interest in learning Arabic, and lack of understanding of students in Arabic. Therefore, teachers must prepare, develop, and make learning Arabic as good and interesting as possible so that students become excited to learn Arabic.
Global hydrological parameter estimates to local applications: Influence of forcing and catchment properties
Authors: Schalla Jasper , Hartmann Andreas , Abraham Tesfalem , Liu Yan
Published: March 2023

Data scarcity in many areas around the world represents a major problem for hydrological model calibrations. Global parameter estimates and global forcing can provide possibilities to access hydrological responses in ungauged regions. In this study, we applied HBV global parameter estimates considering uncertainty in the Upper Neckar and Upper Danube catchments, Germany, to answer what are the influencing factors and how good are their local applications. We tested simulations with precipitation in spatial resolutions from 0.05 to 0.2° and with local/global sources. Results show that the general performance is acceptable to good (Kling-Gupta efficiency, KGE: 0.51–0.79) in both catchments using local or global precipitation. The influence of spatial resolutions is insignificant while using local precipitation slightly increases performance in both catchments. Catchment properties such as complex topography and special karst subsurface may lead to a deterioration of performance by 0.2 of median KGE in the Upper Danube compared with the Upper Neckar catchment. The median correlation coefficient, runoff ratio and relative error suggest that using global parameter estimates can reproduce seasonality and long-term water balance in our studied region. Our study highlights the potential of using global parameter estimates and global forcing in ungauged areas.
conservation status of euphorbia L. in the fergana valley of central Asia
Authors: Najmiddinov Аsilbek , Gulomov Rustam , Batoshov Avazbek , Hoshimov Hushbaht , Rakhmatov Akhror , Mullajonova Sayyora
Published: March 2023

In this article, the Euphorbia L category, species, and distribution levels located in the Fergana Valley Natural Area are listed based on the International Red Book categories. Based on the IUCN categories, 24 species were evaluated. In the study of Central Asian herbarium funds, samples are taken, and virtual herbarium funds and targeted Field Research were used. Distribution is a narrow circle of euphorbia mucronate Prok at risk of extinction, category (EN) corresponded to criterion B, and based on the data, the types of synopsis GeoCAT maps were brought.
Population and economic development: A counterintuitive relationship for a sustainable world
Authors:   Euromed Polytechnic School, Euromed Research Center, Euromed University of Fès, Fès, Morocco, Benmoussa Othmane
Published: March 2023

The world population continues to grow, generating a rapid consumption of the earth’s resources that do not have enough time to regenerate. On one side, some economists warn about restricting the population increase that penalizes countries favoring birth control. Conversely, the widespread way of thinking pushing toward galloping demography can be uneconomic. Is the straight correlation between solid demographics and high economic growth correct in a complex and highly nonlinear system? Is the assumption behind the quasi-postulate indicating infinite growth true? This paper attempts to explain the divergent viewpoints regarding the impact of population size on economic development by offering a holistic model instead of a linear cause-and-effect analysis and its variations we find in the majority of works on the subject that neglect the higher-order interactions between various factors, generating approximate, even biased answers due to a legitimate desire to simplify complex phenomena. A systemic model integrating population growth, technology, and economy in a fully endogenous way and in a finite world is proposed, simultaneously highlighting sustainability's role through two main variables, namely “Population” and “Carrying Capacity” of earth. The model tries to find the right balance between those, alarmists, who advocate a soon uncontrolled situation, and others, easygoing, and warn against any drastic form of growth limitation susceptible to plunging billions of people into poverty. It contributes to establishing the conditions for preserving the environment while stimulating the economy in a sustainable manner, with population evolution in the foreground.
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-308 gene polymorphism in children of Haemophilia A
Authors: Ali Hussein Thaer , AL-bakaa Ali A.H. , Hassan Flaih Mohammed
Published: March 2023

Hemophilias are the most common X-linked inherited blood diseases that, if not properly treated, can cause lifelong debilitations. The challenges and problems in babies differ from that in older kids and adults. Blood loss conditions continue to dominate as diagnostic triggers in children, but the locations of blood loss vary with age. The TNF-α-308 gene polymorphism in children with moderate to severe hemophilia correlates with genetic background and with the clinical phenotype of the cases. This study was a case control conducted in fifty hemophilic and fifty age- and sex-matched healthy cases from September 2020 to October 2021. Results; a significant change was found among positive and negative inhibitors regarding the number of factors eight exposure days >20 days (in positive inhibitors was 59.3% compared to adverse inhibitors 27.8%). Conclusion: The (TNF-)308 gene polymorphism is significantly correlated with inhibitor progress in severe Haemophilia A cases. TNF-Alpha gene might be of use as a biomarker as well possible immune response modulator in Haemophilia A patients receiving substitute treatment. Keywords: polymorphism, TNF-α -308Haemophilia, inhibitor, prophylaxis - intracranial hemorrhage and pediatrics.
Isolation and molecular identification of washing machine bacteria and study of the effect of some detergents on their growth
Authors: G.O. Al-Ani Amina , Mohammed Younis Khansa , M.Y. Al-Taee Sura
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to isolate, molecular identify, and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the three commercial types of household detergents; Persil (P), Arial (A), and Peros (Pe) in both forms of gel liquid and (Tate ) powder and antibiotics susceptibility test to assessed against isolates from used washing machines in Mosul city/ Iraq. A total of 46 bacterial isolates were isolated. Five isolates were designated as Kh-Am1, Kh-Am4 from the Drum part, Kh-Am3, Kh-Am6 from the Rubber door seal part and Kh-Am5 from Drain dictum; these isolates were selected for molecular identification by 16S rRNA. The 16S rRNA gene of Kh-Am1, Kh-Am3, Kh-Am4, Kh-Am5 and Kh-Am6. The disc agar diffusion method was adopted for each selected isolate using stock and diluted concentrations. After incubation at 37ₒC for 24 hours, inhibition of Aerea was recorded. The results showed that the powder and gel form detergent stock solution has more inhibitory efficacy for the assayed isolates than dilutions. Susceptibility to antibiotics assay revealed that almost all the selected isolates were resistant. Even though infectious strains were not found, opportunistic pathogens were detected. However, because many bacteria have been detected in wash water, washing items at home with it may result in microbial contamination.

Keywords: Washing machine bacteria, Washing machine environment, Detergents effect on bacteria, Antibiotic Susceptibility of washing machine bacteria.
Long survival of Neisseria meningitidis in freeze-dried cultures maintained in potentially unsuitable conditions
Authors: Gutierrez Oderay , Martínez Isabel , Feliciano Onelkis , Jerez Luis , Llanes Rafael
Published: March 2023

Currently, diagnosis of Neisseria meningitidis in nasopharyngeal samples can be made by culture and nucleic acid amplification techniques.1 In Cuba, molecular diagnosis of meningococcal meningitis was introduced at the National Reference Laboratory for Neisseria (NRLN), in 2010, through a PCR that amplifies a fragment of the ctrA gene using the protocol described by Taha, 2000.2 This gene codes for a capsule protein that regulates the adhesion of N. meningitidis to the host, and 16 to 28% of meningococci isolates, especially in the nasopharynx, lack this gene.2 In contrast, the sodC gene, related to the production of superoxide-dismutase of this organism, is less sensitive to antigenic variation, hence its importance for molecular diagnosis in patients and asymptomatic carriers.3 Information on the meningococcal carriage is essential for public health policy,4. Still, the high number of invasive meningococci disease (IMD) affecting Cuba during the 1980s and the absence of molecular tools prevented its accurate microbiological diagnosis in carriers.
Detection of lukf-pv gene in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from pregnant women with Urinary tract infection
Authors: Qasim Hameed Hiba , Ahmed Saeed Inas , Abdalhadi Hussain Enas
Published: March 2023

Staphylococcus aureus is a human pathogen as well as commensal bacteria. S. aureus has colonized around 30% of the human population. This study aimed to diagnose Staphylococcus aureus by molecular techniques, correlate the resistance against selected antimicrobial substances with the presence of the lukf-pv gene, and find the sequence of lukf-pv gene for the isolates obtained to investigate the mutations of those obtained isolates. This study included 60 patients diagnosed by the hospital with a urinary tract infection in Teaching Medical City Hospital, Baghdad, and Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, between January 2021 and July 2021. The isolates were cultured on a blood agar overnight; then, isolates were diagnosed by VITEK as S. aureus. DNA has been isolated from all the included samples. A specific region of the 16SRNA gene has been amplified to diagnose S. aureus by molecular techniques. Then possession of the lukf-pv gene was tested by PCR, then amplified products were sequenced to detect the mutations within the lukf-pv gene. The finding appeared that blood group O+ has the highest rate of bacterial infection, the lowest is O- (1.7%), and the highest rate is shown within people not suffering from complicated diseases (65%). Of the 60 isolates, 60 (100%) were confirmed by 16sRNA gene amplification and were positive, among which 37 (61.6%) were lukf-pv positive. Results of the lukf-pv gene sequences showed around 501 bits score and 96% compatibility (ID: CP076105.1). The current study showed that antibiotics Cefoxitin, Benzylpenicillin, Oxacillin, Clindamycin, Fusidic acid, Rifampicin, Erythromycin, Vancomycin, and Teicoplanin had the highest resistance to antibiotics and as follow;100 %, 100 %, 40.54 %, 27.03 %, 27.03 %, 16.22 %, 13.51 %, and 10.81 %, respectively.

Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, 16sRNA and lukf-pv genes
Neutralizing antibodies as a correlate of protection against classical swine fever in Porvac® vaccinated pigs
Authors: Suárez-Pedroso Marisela , Sordo-Puga Yusmel , Rodríguez-Moltó María Pilar , Naranjo-Valdés Paula , Pérez-Pérez Danny , Sosa-Teste Iliana , Montero-Espinosa Carlos , Fuentes-Rodríguez Yohandy , Sardina-González Talía , Santana-Rodríguez Elaine , Vargas-Hernández Milagros , Oliva-Cárdenas Ayme , González-Fernández Nemecio , Bover-Fuentes Eddy , Duarte Carlos A. , Estrada-García Mario Pablo
Published: March 2023

Porvac is a classical swine fever (CSF) subunit vaccine. It is safe and induces a robust neutralizing antibody response, sterilizing immunity, and early protection, and it prevents vertical transmission in pregnant sows. The methodology to approve Porvac batches is a challenging experiment in pigs with a virulent CSF virus strain. However, there is an ethical reason to reduce, at minimum, the use of animals in these lethal experiments. The knowledge indicates that neutralizing antibody titers in the blood could be a good correlate of protection. The results of 22 challenge experiments involving 116 Porvac vaccinated and 38 unvaccinated animals were analyzed. All vaccinated animals remained free from CSF clinical signs and pathological lesions and were negative for viral isolation after the challenge.

In contrast, all unvaccinated pigs developed clinical and pathological signs of the disease and had to be euthanized eight days post-challenge. All vaccinated pigs exhibited high neutralizing antibody titers, with a geometric mean value of 1: 5153. The lower titer registered was 1: 800. A complete correspondence between neutralizing antibody titers and protection was demonstrated. These results support substituting the viral challenge test for the neutralizing peroxidase-linked assay in the release of Porvac® batches.

Keywords. Classical swine fever; virus; subunit vaccine; viral challenge; neutralizing antibodies
Evaluation of serum Interleukin 36 in Iraqi patients with Rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Talib Mohammed Wafaa , Mahmood Alubadi Alia Essam , Munshed Alosami Mohammed Hadi
Published: March 2023

Rheumatoid arthritis is a worldwide inflammatory chronic autoimmune disease with varying severity. Due to no definitive cure for this disease, current therapies aim to decrease the pain and slow further damage. The interleukin (IL)‐36 cytokine was little known for its role in rheumatoid arthritis; this research aimed to evaluate the serum IL36 levels in RA patients compared to healthy controls. This study included 80 patients with rheumatoid arthritis registered at the Rheumatology Clinic in Baghdad teaching hospital. The patients were divided into three groups based on the treatments received. Group 1 included patients treated with biological therapy (etanercept, adalimumab), Group2 patients with non-biological treatment (methotrexate hydroxychloroquine and prednisone), Group3 patients without any treatment and compared with Group 4 healthy control group. Patients is all groups were assessed for their serum IL-36 concentration; the mean IL-36 serum level was significantly higher in three groups of RA patients which include the group of patients treated with biological therapy (Enbrel (etanercept) and Humira (adalimumab) means were (1132.41±475.2,), and group of non-biological therapy patients (Methotrexate hydroxychloroquine and prednisone) (G2) means was 553.95±307, than patients' group without any treatment (G3) means was 1044.01±575.3 compared to the control (341.38±113.1) p-value> 0.00001. The patient's age and BMI were not significantly different between three groups of patient Rheumatoid arthritis. Parameters for this disease also were tested which include RF, CRP, ESR, anti-CCP and disease activity score-28 (DAS 28), there were significant differences when compared with the control group. IL-36 serum level was significantly higher in three groups of rheumatoid arthritis than those in controls, and when compared between three patients groups there was less concentration in the non-biological therapy treatment group means was 553.95±307 than in the rest of the patient groups,biology tratment, without any treatment, means were (1132.41±475.2, 1044.01±575.3) respectively. This study found that Rheumatoid arthritis patients' serum IL36 levels increased, where a non-biologic therapies reduced this cytokine. IL-36's pathogenic involvement in Rheumatoid arthritis needs more study.
Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis, IL-36, IL-1,C‐reactive protein, RF, ESR and anti-CCP.
Beyond Boundaries: A Critical Review of Amitav Ghosh’s Selected Works’ Cultural Hybridization and Integration
Authors: R Dr Meghana Rao , Devasoth Shankar
Published: March 2023

Major novels written by Amitav Ghosh, in which he expresses concern for the disadvantaged members of his society, have earned him widespread acclaim. In his most important works, you can see that he cares about the less fortunate. His writings reveal the issues of alienation, migration, and existential crisis faced by underprivileged individuals. By making them the main characters, special attention has been paid to these people’s voices, struggles, and sacrifices. This paper aims to examine the selected novels of Amitav Ghosh and highlight his existentialist conception of history and culture. The Circle of Reason, The Calcutta Chromosomes, The Hungry Tide, and The Shadow Lines are the novels chosen for this paper. He has realistically depicted the deplorable and difficult state of society, which is considered dynamic change in the society, in these novels.
Mitigation of Fluoride Contamination from Drinking Water through Fluoride Removal Techniques: A Review
Authors: Yadav Sucheta
Published: March 2023

Water is the most vital natural resource for the survival of human being and environment on the earth surface. But Fluoride contamination of water has become a widespread and serious problem all over the world including India. Supplying the right amount of fluoride to drinking water protects the teeth from decay and reduces the risk of cavities. Exposure to fluoride beyond the recommended level for longer duration causes both dental and skeletal fluorosis. Health is the most important issue for the citizens of any country and consequently healthy citizens are the perfect and biggest assets for a nation. This paper reveals the techniques of Eradication of excessive fluoride from water. Various alleviation programmes and strategies to regulator the fluorosis and to eliminate the fluoride from water have been piloted all over the world using defluoridation. Nalgonda procedure is one of the well-known strategies generally utilized for defluoridation of water as a part of developing nations, for example, India, Kenya, Senegal and Tanzania. Among different techniques utilized for defluoridation of water, the adsorption procedure is broadly utilized.
Contract/Tendering System Using Blockchain
Authors: Pawar Ritu , Pohare Rutuja , Gondane Shreyash , Jengthe Sanjay , Paunikar Shubham , Wasnik Saharsh
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Tendering is commonly used by governments and businesses to buy goods or services from manufacturers or service providers. Although e-tendering is the most popular procurement method, there are a number of security concerns. Due to its emphasis oninformation decentralization, encryption, and block- based architecture for transaction management, blockchain technology can be utilized to address these security concerns. In this work, it is investigated how a distributed e-tendering system might be designed using smart contracts (based on the Ethereum block-chain). The project is broken into four components
Driver Drowsiness Detection Using Face Recognition
Authors: Goud Peddagoni Sai Pavan , Aravind Nenavath
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Every year, hundreds of people die in traffic accidents all over the world. According to national statistics, human factors play a determining role in 90-95% of car accidents in Iran. Globally, 25% of accidents are caused by driver fatigue and around 60% of road accidents result in death or serious injury. In a National Transportation Research Institute (NTSRB) study of 107 randomly selected car crashes, fatigue accounted for 58% of all crashes. Drowsy driving is a major factor in serious road accidents that claim thousands of lives every year. The application of intelligent systems in automobiles has developed considerably in recent years. These systems use wireless sensor networks to monitor and transmit car and driver status. Smart cars that use software technology to control engine speed, steering, transmission, braking, etc. Management and control, the quality of management has been greatly improved. Ad hoc networks are the first systems to develop automatic navigation in cars. A notable weakness of these systems is that their response to changes in the environment is not in real time. This is especially important in driving, where time is a key factor in a driver's decision. On the other hand, another way to check driver fatigue is to monitor the physical condition and facial expression of the driver, which cannot be processed and transmitted accurately enough by wireless sensor networks. Driver fatigue is a major factor in a large number of road accidents. Recent statistics estimate that 1,200 deaths and 76,000 injuries are attributable to fatigue-related accidents each year.
Management of Hospitality Industry: The Indian Perspective
Authors: Majeed Dr. Abdul
Published: March 2023

Abstract: India is one of the most popular travel destinations worldwide, as a result of which the Indian tourism and hospitality industry has emerged as one of the most important growth engines of the service sector in India. The tourism industry in India has significant potential as tourism is an important source of foreign exchange in India as in many other countries. Foreign exchange earnings grew at a CAGR of 7% from 2016 to 2019, but declined in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It is widely recognized that the tourism and hospitality sector, which includes tourism and hospitality services such as hotels and restaurants, is a driver of development, a catalyst for socio-economic growth and an important source of foreign exchange earnings for many countries. India's rich and exquisite history, culture and diversity are showcased through tourism while providing important economic benefits. Consistent action by the central and state governments has helped the tourism industry recover from the shock of the COVID-19 pandemic and operate at pre-pandemic levels.
Consideraciones adicionales al consenso colombiano de expertos sobre recomendaciones basadas en evidencias para el diagnóstico, el tratamiento y el seguimiento de la enfermedad de Fabry con compromiso renal
Authors: Jaurretche Sebastian
Published: March 2023

El trabajo es una excelente revisión de los aspectos más importantes de la nefropatía por enfermedad de Fabry, logrando ser, a mi entender, una guía práctica adecuada para el manejo de la misma. 
El consenso aborda una temática de alta controversia entre expertos en enfermedad de Fabry y emite recomendaciones terapéuticas aun cuando, hasta la fecha, no existe un meta-análisis que compare de manera directa, terapia de reemplazo enzimático versus chaperonas farmacológicas.
The relation of autonomic biomarkers to the patient's outcome with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Abdi Zana , Hussein Hishyar MS Garmavy , Rasool Suzan
Published: March 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the neurohormonal activity in patients with acute coronary syndrome and their relation to clinical outcomes by measuring plasma chromogranin A and plasma and RBC cholinesterase activity.
Methods: In this case-control study, cardiac and neurohormonal parameters were compared between fifty-one patients with acute coronary syndrome admitted to the cardiac center in Azadi teaching Hospital in Duhok-Iraq, and thirty comparable gender and age-healthy subjects.
Results: A significant increase in sympathetic activity was reported in patients with the acute coronary syndrome, reflected by the rise in the plasma chromogranin A compared to the control group (994.47 vs. 1203.95 ng/L, respectively, P<0.05). Meanwhile, cardiac troponin was significantly elevated in those patients compared to healthy subjects (0.17 vs. 4.82 ng/ml, respectively). However, the parasympathetic biomarkers (plasma and RBC cholinesterase activity) did not differ substantially between patients and healthy controls (0.83 vs. 0.92, P > 0.05 and 1.36 vs. 1.37, P>0.05, respectively). Serum troponin I was more valid than chromogranin A in differentiating acute coronary syndrome from healthy subjects. The area under the curve for troponin I was (0.989) compared to ( 0.724) for chromogranin A. Furthermore, plasma chromogranin A but not plasma and RBC cholinesterase activity was significantly increased in fatal cases compared to nonfatal patients (1166.68 vs. 3435.64 ng/L).
Conclusion: Plasma chromogranin A was less effective than troponin I in detecting acute coronary cases; however, it can be helpful as a prognostic marker in those patients. Parasympathetic biomarkers were not appreciable in diagnosing and detecting risky patients.
Association of Vertigo and Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy
Authors: Hamlacı Başkaya Yasemin , İlçioğlu Kevser , Ünsal Alaattin
Published: March 2023

Objective: To determine the prevalence of vertigo during pregnancy, to review some variables believed to be associated, and to determine the association between vertigo and nausea and vomiting.

Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study conducted on pregnant women between September 3 and November 30, 2020. The study group consisted of 560 pregnant women who agreed to take part in the study. Chi-square test and Logistic Regression Analysis (Stepwise Backward Wald Regression), Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis Analysis were used for analysis. P≤0.05 was accepted as statistical significance value.

Results: The number of pregnant women with a history of vertigo was found to be 208 (37.1%). The symptoms that were most commonly reported by those with a history of vertigo were nausea and vomiting, headache and stumbling while walking, respectively. It was determined that the level of nausea and vomiting was higher in women with vertigo but there was no difference between the type and severity of vertigo and the level of nausea and vomiting.

Conclusion: Vertigo is one of the important health problems in pregnancy. It was determined that the level of nausea and vomiting was higher in women with vertigo. Nausea and vomiting are the most common symptoms accompanying vertigo.
The impact of the ERCC2 Lys751Gln polymorphism on the risk of acute myeloid leukemia in an Iraqi patients
Authors: Mouhi Jasiem Thamer , Al-Hussaini Rand Muhammed Abdul-Hussain
Published: March 2023

Objectives: AML is the only type of acute leukemia diagnosed in adults and is less common in children. It has the lowest survival rate. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological risk factors for AML expansion comprise environmental factors, for instance, smoking , and therapy-related factors.
Methods :The study was conducted on 70 acute myeloid leukemia patients—37 females and 33 males and on 30 healthy people—12 females and 18 males—as a control group. DNA was extracted from the study groups' whole blood samples using the gSYNCTM DNA Extraction Kit. The T751G polymorphism of the ERCC2 gene was determined by the PCR-RFLP technique.
Results: In genetic analysis, it was shown that the carriers of allele Lys and genotype Lys/Lys have a lower risk of developing AML, while allele carriers Gln have an increased risk. The results showed the ERCC2 gene, Lys 751 Gln (T/G) heterozygous TG genotypes, and the G allele were significantly higher (P<0.05) in AML patients compared to the control group. In the sequencing of the region we studied, it was found that there is a site of diversity that is located between the CTTCAG and CTGCAG, where a change in nucleotides (T to G) represents the restriction site of the restriction enzyme.
Conclusion : The polymorphic marker 751 Gln> Lys of the ERCC2 gene was associated with the development of AML in Iraqi patients. It was discovered that allele Lys genotype Lys/Lys carriers have a lower risk of developing AML, whereas allele Gln carriers have an increased risk.
Comparing COL7A1 gene expression in fibroblast cells of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa patients with clinical responses to autologous fibroblasts transplantation
Authors: Eslami Maryam , Golshanfard Majid , Bajouri Amir , Aghdami Nasser , Mohammadi Mahsa , Shafieian Saeed , Memarsadeghi Omeed , Seifalian Alexander
Published: March 2023

Objectives: This clinical research aimed to establish autologous fibroblasts transplantation as a possible treatment for patients with DEJ. The COL7A1 gene expression was also evaluated.

Methods: Six patients (3M and 3F), 4 with no recurrent wounds and 2 with recurrent wounds after surgery, and 15 healthy subjects were included in the study as controls. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) analysis of the COL7A1 gene was performed using an oligonucleotide primer pair designed to amplify across the exon/exon junction.

Results: The COL7A1 expression level was down-regulated at exons 26-27, 47-48, 96-97, and 116-117 in all patients′ fibroblasts compared with the healthy controls. However, the expression of the COL7A1 gene in the fibroblasts of the patients with a positive response to the treatment was not significantly changed compared with the patients with the poor response. (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01908088)

Conclusion: In this study the mRNA expression levels of COL7A1 were significantly less in the patients when compared with healthy controls. However the COL7A1 expression after autologous fibroblasts transplantation was not different between the two groups of patients, and further examination is needed to elucidate the mechanism of the treatment.
Comparison of rectal suppository and intramuscular morphine for management of patients with renal colic referred to the emergency department: A randomized double-blinded controlled trial
Authors: Ardestani Zadeh Arash , Moonesan Mohammadreza , Taheri Fatemeh , Arab Davood , Mokhtari Tahmineh
Published: March 2023

Objectives: To compare the analgesic effects of rectal suppository morphine (RSM) with intramuscular morphine (IMM) in patients suffered from renal colic referred to emergency ward (EW).

Methods: In a controlled, randomized, clinical trial, 74/90 patients with renal colic referred to the EW between March 2016 and March 2017 were randomly enrolled into two groups of RSM (10 mg) and IMM (10 mg/mL). Vital signs and severity of pain were recorded at admission time (0), 15, 30 and 60 min after treatment.

Results: The results showed that there was a significant decrease in VAS score of RSM group compared to IMM group after 30 and 60 min of administration (P˂0.05). Furthermore, no significant difference was recorded in vital signs, except there was a significant decrease in heart rate (15 and 60 min) and respiratory rate (60 min) of RSM group compared to IMM group (P˂0.05) and no side effects were recorded during the investigation.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the use of rectal route of morphine had higher efficiency compared to the IM route of morphine in relieving pain of patients with renal colic. Although, decreased heart and respiratory rates were recorded, the values were in normal range.  As well, no major complications were recorded for each method.
Chronic psychosocial stress reveals Alzheimer’s disease in a novel at-risk rat model
Authors: A. Alkadhi Karim
Published: March 2023

Extensive individual variations in the time of onset and severity of the sporadic type of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), may be due to some patient-related external factors. Stress is increasingly recognized as an external factor in the development of AD. Several labs, including mine, have demonstrated that chronic stress or corticosterone administration aggravates the disease in both transgenic and non-transgenic animal models. We have developed a novel rat model that simulates seemingly normal individuals who are predisposed to develop AD. This review summarizes the findings we have reported on the effect of chronic psychosocial stress in this at-risk model of AD. Behavioral (learning and memory tests), electrophysiological (evoked long-term potentiation) and molecular (protein levels of memory-related signaling molecules a well as AD-related molecules. Our findings suggest that even mild psychosocial stress noticeably transforms this seemingly normal rat model to a full-fledge AD phenotype.
Neural complexity and the spectral slope characterize auditory processing in wakefulness and sleep
Authors: Alnes Sigurd , Bächlin Lea , Schindler Kaspar , Tzovara Athina
Published: March 2023

Auditory processing and the complexity of neural activity can both
indicate residual conscious-ness levels and differentiate between states
of arousal. However, how measures of neural signal diversity, or
complexity, manifest in evoked activity, and, more generally, how the
electrophys-iological characteristics of auditory responses change in
states of reduced consciousness, re-main under-explored. Here, we tested
the hypothesis that measures of neural complexity and the spectral slope
would discriminate stages of sleep not only in spontaneous EEG, but also
in auditory-evoked responses. High-density EEG was recorded in 21
participants to determine the spatial relationship between these
measures, and between spontaneous and auditory-evoked signals. Results
showed that the complexity and the spectral slope in the 2-20 Hz range
dis-criminated between sleep stages and had a high correlation in sleep.
In wakefulness, complexity was strongly correlated to the 20-40 Hz
spectral slope. Auditory stimulation resulted in reduced complexity in
sleep compared to spontaneous activity and modulated the spectral slope
in wake-fulness. These findings demonstrate the persistence of
electrophysiological markers of arousal during both spontaneous and
evoked EEG activity and have direct applications to studies using
auditory stimulation to probe neural functions in states of reduced
consciousness.
Validity and reliability of self-reported and neural measures of listening effort
Authors: Mohammadi Yousef , Østergaard Jan , Graversen Carina , Andersen Ole , Manresa José Biurrun
Published: March 2023

Listening effort can be defined as a measure of cognitive resources used
by listeners to perform a listening task. Several methods have been
proposed to assess listening effort, but the reliability of these
methods has not yet been thoroughly established, which is necessary
before using them in research or clinical settings. This study included
32 participants who performed speech-in-noise tasks in two sessions
(separated approx. 1 week apart) by listening to Sentences and Word
lists presented at different signal-to-noise ratios (-9, -6, -3, and 0
dB). We assessed the test-retest reliability of the self-reported
measure of listening effort and frontal midline theta (Fmθ) power, which
has been proposed as a neural correlate of listening effort. The
reliability of the percentage of correct words was also examined.
Relative and absolute reliability was evaluated using intraclass
correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis, respectively.
The standard error of measurement (SEM) and the smallest detectable
change (SDC) were also assessed. Overall, the reliability analysis
revealed an acceptable between-session variability for the correct words
and effort rating. However, Fmθ power showed high variability, which
brings into question its use as a reliable correlate of listening
effort.
USING DYNAMIC MASS REDISTRIBUTION TO CHARACTERISE THE PHARMACOLOGY OF THE MAS RELATED GPCR FAMILY MEMBER D (MRGPRD) RECEPTOR
Authors: Baillie Gemma , Watt Olivia , McElroy Stuart , Wilkinson Graeme
Published: March 2023

Human mas-related genes such as MRGPRD are members of the seven
transmembrane spanning G protein coupled receptor super family
implicated in the sensation and transmission of noxious stimuli such as
pain and itch, hence intervening with these may prove useful in the
management of unmet patient need. To date there have been few reports of
the generation of inhibitors of these receptors. To provide new tools to
aid the effort in discovering new agonists and antagonists here we
describe the use of a label-free assay to study the pharmacology of
MRGPRD and compare it to other more traditional methods such as
intracellular calcium release.
Green Oxidation of Isochromans to Isochromanones with Molecular Oxygen Catalyzed by A Tetranuclear Vanadium Cluster
Authors: Huang Huixin , Chen Baokuan , Fu Yiru , Sun Jing , Bi Yanfeng , Zhou Mingdong
Published: March 2023

Isochromanone is the core structure of many bioactive compounds. Direct
oxidation of isochromans is one of leading methods for the construction
of isochromanones, while most established processes remain suffering
from the use of environmental unfriendly metal oxidants, harsh reaction
conditions, and the difficulty in catalyst recycling and production
separation. Herein, we report a convenient, cost-effective, and green
method for the synthesis of high-value added isochromanones via
isochroman oxidations with O2 by a novel heterogeneous vanadium cluster
catalyst (Cat.1) under mild conditions. This reaction protocol
demonstrates high catalytic activity with good catalyst recyclability
and reusability for a wide scope of substrates.
Potential of MALDI−TOF MS-based proteomic fingerprinting for species identification of Cnidaria across classes, species, regions and developmental stages
Authors: Rossel Sven , Peters Janna , Laakmann Silke , Martinez Pedro , Holst Sabine
Published: March 2023

Morphological identification of cnidarian species can be difficult
throughout all life stages due to the lack of distinct morphological
characters. Moreover, in some cnidarian taxa genetic markers are not
fully informative, and in these cases combinations of different markers
or additional morphological verifications may be required. Proteomic
fingerprinting based on MALDI-TOF mass spectra was previously shown to
provide reliable species identification in different metazoans including
some cnidarian taxa. For the first time, we tested the method across
four cnidarian classes (Staurozoa, Scyphozoa, Anthozoa, Hydrozoa) and
included different scyphozoan life-history stages (polyp, ephyra,
medusa) into our dataset. Our results revealed reliable species
identification based on MALDI-TOF mass spectra across all taxa with
species-specific clusters for all 23 analyzed species. In addition,
proteomic fingerprinting was successful for distinguishing developmental
stages, still by retaining a species specific signal. Furthermore, we
identified the impact of different salinities in different regions
(North Sea and Baltic Sea) on proteomic fingerprints to be negligible.
In conclusion, the effects of environmental factors and developmental
stages on proteomic fingerprints seem to be low in cnidarians. This
would allow using reference libraries built up entirely of adult or
cultured cnidarian specimens for the identification of their juvenile
stages or specimens from different geographic regions in future
biodiversity assessment studies.
Phylogenomic and syntenic data demonstrate complex evolutionary processes in early radiation of the rosids
Authors: Liu Luxian , Chen Mengzhen , Folk Ryan A. , Wang Meizhen , Zhao Tao , Shang Fude , Soltis Douglas , Li Pan
Published: March 2023

Some of the most vexing problems of deep level relationship that remain
in angiosperms involve the superrosids. The superrosid clade contains a
quarter of all angiosperm species, with 18 orders in three subclades
(Vitales, Saxifragales and core rosids) exhibiting remarkable
morphological and ecological diversity. To help resolve deep-level
relationships, we constructed a high-quality chromosome-level genome
assembly for Tiarella polyphylla (Saxifragaceae) thus providing broader
genomic representation of Saxifragales. Whole genome microsynteny
analysis of superrosids showed that Saxifragales shared more synteny
clusters with core rosids than Vitales, further supporting Saxifragales
as more closely related with core rosids. To resolve the ordinal
phylogeny of superrosids, we screened 122 single copy nuclear genes from
genomes of 36 species, representing all 18 superrosid orders. Vitales
were recovered as sister to all other superrosids (Saxifragales + core
rosids). Our data suggest dramatic differences in relationships compared
to earlier studies within core rosids. Fabids should be restricted to
the nitrogen-fixing clade, while Picramniales, the
Celastrales-Malpighiales (CM) clade, Huerteales, Oxalidales, Sapindales,
Malvales and Brassicales formed an “expanded” malvid clade. The
Celastrales-Oxalidales-Malpighiales (COM) clade (sensu APG IV) was not
monophyletic. Crossosomatales, Geraniales, Myrtales and Zygophyllales
did not belong to either of our well-supported malvids or fabids. There
is strong discordance between nuclear and plastid phylogenetic
hypotheses for superrosid relationships; we show that this is best
explained by a combination of incomplete lineage sorting and ancient
reticulation.
Inactivated vaccine fueled adaptive immune responses to Omicron in 2-year COVID-19 convalescents
Authors: Liu William J. , Liu Maoshun , Zhang Jie , Li Lei , Tian Jinmin , Yang Mengjie , Shang Bingli , Wang Xin , Li Min , Li Hongmei , Yue Can , Yao Sijia , Lin Ying , Guo Yuanyuan , Zong Kexin , Zhang Danni , Zhao Yingze , Cai Kun , Dong Shaobo , Xu Shengping , Zhan Jianbo , Jiang Yongzhong , Gao George-Fu
Published: March 2023

Over three years, humans have experienced multiple rounds of global
transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. In addition, the widely
used vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 involve multiple strategies of
development and inoculation. Thus, the acquired immunity established
among humans is complicated, and there is a lack of understanding within
a panoramic vision. Here, we provide the special characteristics of the
cellular and humoral responses in 2-year convalescents after inactivated
vaccines, in parallel to vaccinated COVID-19 naïve persons and
unvaccinated controls. The decreasing trends of the IgG, IgA, and NAb,
but not IgM of the convalescents were reversed by the vaccination. Both
cellular and humoral immunity in convalescents after vaccination were
higher than the vaccinated COVID-19 naïve persons. Notably, inoculation
with inactivated vaccine fueled the NAb to BA.1, BA.2, BA.4, and BA.5 in
2-year convalescents, much higher than the NAb during 6 months and 1
year after symptoms onset. And no obvious T cell escaping to the S
protein was observed in 2-year convalescents after inoculation. The
study provides insight into the complicated features of human acquired
immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and variants in the real world, indicating that
promoting vaccine inoculation is essential for achieving herd immunity
against emerging variants, especially in convalescents.
Farmers' Ability to Supply Corn to Village Collectors in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors:   Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia, Rasyid Ilham , Sirajuddin Sitti Nurani ,   Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia, H Hastang ,   Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia, N Nirwana ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to determine the ability of farmers to supply corn to village collectors in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi province. This study was conducted from August to November 2018. This study used descriptive qualitative and quantitative approaches. The data analysis used was descriptive statistics. The results showed that the activities of farmers in supply chain activities on the exchange function, namely selling corn to village collectors, and doing planting, maintenance and harvesting, in the physical function of farmers doing shelling corn and carrying shelled corn in sacks that can hold 70 kg 80 kg. In the facility function, farmers receive financing from village collectors, and seek information on corn prices in order to compare market prices with the established price transaction or payment system for corn and farmers are ready to bear the risk in case of corn harvest failure
What is Hidden in the Planck Distribution Function and the Wien´s Peaks? II. Do Atoms Fuse Solar Photons into Gravitons?
Authors: Stávek Jiří
Published: March 2023

There were derived many forms of the Planck distribution function (PDF) since its discovery by Planck in 1900 and formulae for the positions of Wien´s peaks in those distributions. There are published many attempts searching for the quantum gravity model. In this presented model we work with concept of fusion of two Solar photons into one graviton inside of atoms. The PDF and Wien´s peak for graviton number distribution was presented. The formula for the description of the graviton momentum distribution was derived. Three tests are proposed to estimate the reality of this model. The first test searches for the dependence of the Solar gravitational constant on the value of the Rydberg constant of atoms used in the source masses. There were collected experimental data for the big G value during the last decade and the confirmation of this prediction is promising. The second test should analyze the influence of temperature of other central stars on the gravitation events in those surroundings. The third test should explore the effect of the magnitude of the graviton momentum in other Stellar Systems on gravitational effects in those systems. This could be a new way to remove fitting data with the introduction of models with “dark matter”. We have summarized the known forms of the PDF and positions of Wien´s peaks in order to search some hidden properties in those mathematical structures. It will be shown that these very well-known formulae to all scholars might still keep some hidden surprising properties.