bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Markers Associated with COVID-19 Susceptibility, Resistance, and Severity
Authors: Fakhroo Aisha D. , Al Thani Asmaa A. , Yassine Hadi M.
Published: December 2020

In December 2019, the latest member of the coronavirus family, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in Wuhan, China, leading to the outbreak of an unusual viral pneumonia known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 was then declared as a pandemic in March 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO). The initial mortality rate of COVID-19 declared by WHO was 2%; however, this rate has increased to 3.4% as of 3 March 2020. People of all ages can be infected with SARS-CoV-2, but those aged 60 or above and those with underlying medical conditions are more prone to develop severe symptoms that may lead to death. Patients with severe infection usually experience a hyper pro-inflammatory immune reaction (i.e., cytokine storm) causing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which has been shown to be the leading cause of death in COVID-19 patients. However, the factors associated with COVID-19 susceptibility, resistance and severity remain poorly understood. In this review, we thoroughly explore the correlation between various host, viral and environmental markers, and SARS-CoV-2 in terms of susceptibility and severity.
Astrovirus-Associated Polioencephalomyelitis in an Alpaca
Authors: Küchler Leonore , Rüfli Isabelle , Koch Michel C. , Hierweger Melanie M. , Kauer Ronja V. , Boujon Céline L. , Hilbe Monika , Oevermann Anna , Zanolari Patrik , Seuberlich Torsten , Gurtner Corinne
Published: December 2020

An 8-year-old alpaca was admitted to the emergency service of the Clinic for Ruminants in Bern due to a reduced general condition and progressive neurological signs. Despite supportive treatment, its condition deteriorated and the animal had to be euthanized. Histopathological analysis revealed a severe non-suppurative polioencephalomyelitis with neuronal necrosis, most likely of viral origin. We detected abundant neuronal labelling with antibodies directed against two different epitopes of Bovine Astrovirus CH13/NeuroS1 (BoAstV-CH13/NeuroS1), which is a common viral agent associated with non-suppurative encephalitis in Swiss cattle. These findings were further verified by detection of viral RNA by use of in-situ hybridization and real-time RT-PCR. Next generation sequencing revealed that the detected virus genome had a pairwise identity of 98.9% to the genome of BoAstV-CH13/NeuroS1. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an astrovirus-associated polioencephalomyelitis in an alpaca. These results point to the possibility of an interspecies transmission of BoAstV-CH13/NeuroS1.
Protein Disulfide Isomerase A4 Is Involved in Genome Uncoating during Human Astrovirus Cell Entry
Authors: Aguilar-Hernández Nayeli , Meyer Lena , López Susana , DuBois Rebecca M. , Arias Carlos F.
Published: December 2020

Although human astroviruses (HAstVs) are important agents of gastroenteritis in young children, the studies aimed at characterizing their biology have been limited, in particular regarding their cell entry process. It has been shown that HAstV serotype 8 enters human cells by a classical clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathway; however, the cell receptor or other cell entry factors that may be relevant for an efficient viral infection are unknown. In this work we used a far-Western blotting approach to identify cellular proteins that interact with the recombinant capsid spike proteins of HAstV serotypes 1, 2, and 8, synthesized in Escherichia coli. We identified the 72 kDa protein disulfide isomerase A4 (PDIA4) as a binding partner for HAstV-1 and -8 spikes, but not for the HAstV-2 spike. In agreement with this observation, the PDI inhibitor 16F16 strongly blocked infection by HAstV serotypes 1 and 8, but not serotype 2. RNA interference of PDIA4 expression selectively blocked HAstV-8 infectivity. We also showed that the PDI activity does not affect virus binding or internalization but is required for uncoating of the viral genome.
Evaluation Method for Cohesive Crack Propagation in Fragile Locations of RCC Dam Using XFEM
Authors: Zhao Erfeng , Li Bo
Published: December 2020

Roller compacted concrete (RCC) dams own a large number of horizontal construction layers, which can easily lead to weak joints among layers and generate interlayer joints with different scales to reduce the dam bearing capacity. In this study, extended finite element method (XFEM) is used to simulate crack propagation, the finite element description is first taken on the strong discontinuity. Subsequently, the displacement function of the crack-tip in the quadrilateral element and the geometric determination method of the crack-tip strengthening region are established. Afterwards, the discrete form of the governing equation is derived and the XFEM increment discretization method of the cohesive crack with the crack-tip reinforcement is proposed using the virtual node method to represent the discontinuity of the fracture element. These methods are validated through simulating mixed-mode cracking of one-sided notched asymmetric four-point bending beam. Eventually, the proposed methods are applied to RCC gravity dam to study the development rule and propagation path of the interlayer joints, so as to evaluate the effect of different lengths of the interlayer joints on the dam structural performance. The estimated critical values of dam deformation are helpful to prevent the dam failure during long term operation.
A Meta-Analysis of Environmental Tradeoffs of Hydropower Dams in the Sekong, Sesan, and Srepok (3S) Rivers of the Lower Mekong Basin
Authors: Null Sarah E. , Farshid Ali , Goodrum Gregory , Gray Curtis A. , Lohani Sapana , Morrisett Christina N. , Prudencio Liana , Sor Ratha
Published: December 2020

In Mekong riparian countries, hydropower development provides energy, but also threatens biodiversity, ecosystems, food security, and an unparalleled freshwater fishery. The Sekong, Sesan, and Srepok Rivers (3S Basin) are major tributaries to the Lower Mekong River (LMB), making up 10% of the Mekong watershed but supporting nearly 40% of the fish species of the LMB. Forty-five dams have been built, are under construction, or are planned in the 3S Basin. We completed a meta-analysis of aquatic and riparian environmental losses from current, planned, and proposed hydropower dams in the 3S and LMB using 46 papers and reports from the past three decades. Proposed mainstem Stung Treng and Sambor dams were not included in our analysis because Cambodia recently announced a moratorium on mainstem Mekong River dams. More than 50% of studies evaluated hydrologic change from dam development, 33% quantified sediment alteration, and 30% estimated fish production changes. Freshwater fish diversity, non-fish species, primary production, trophic ecology, and nutrient loading objectives were less commonly studied. We visualized human and environmental tradeoffs of 3S dams from the reviewed papers. Overall, Lower Sesan 2, the proposed Sekong Dam, and planned Lower Srepok 3A and Lower Sesan 3 have considerable environmental impacts. Tradeoff analyses should include environmental objectives by representing organisms, habitats, and ecosystems to quantify environmental costs of dam development and maintain the biodiversity and extraordinary freshwater fishery of the LMB.
Purpleback Flying Squid Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis in the South China Sea: Growth, Resources and Association with the Environment
Authors: Zhao Chunxu , Shen Chunyan , Bakun Andrew , Yan Yunrong , Kang Bin
Published: December 2020

The purpleback flying squid (Ommastrephidae: Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis) is an important species at higher trophic levels of the regional marine ecosystem in the South China Sea (SCS), where it is considered to show the potential for fishery development. Accordingly, under increasing climatic and environmental changes, understanding the nature and importance of various factors that determine the spatial and temporal distribution and abundance of S. oualaniensis in the SCS is of great scientific and socio-economic interest. Using generalized additive model (GAM) methods, we analyzed the relationship between available environmental factors and catch per unit effort (CPUE) data of S. oualaniensis. The body size of S. oualaniensis in the SCS was relatively small (<19.4 cm), with a shorter lifespan than individuals in other seas. The biological characteristics indicate that S. oualaniensis in the SCS showed a positive allometric growth, and could be suitably described by the logistic growth equation. In our study, the sea areas with higher CPUE were mainly distributed at 10°–11° N, with a 27–28 °C sea surface temperature (SST) range, a sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) of −0.05–0.05 m, and chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a) higher than 0.18 μg/L. The SST was the most important factor in the GAM analysis and the best fitting GAM model explained 67.9% of the variance. Understanding the biological characteristics and habitat status of S. oualaniensis in the SCS will benefit the management of this resource.
Volume Estimation of Landslide Affected Soil Moisture Using TRIGRS: A Case Study of Longxi River Small Watershed in Wenchuan Earthquake Zone, China
Authors: Sun Tong , Deng Zhiyuan , Xu Zexing , Wang Xiekang
Published: December 2020

After the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake, geological hazards occurred frequently in the southwest mountainous watershed. Frequent landslide disasters provide abundant sediment supply for mountain torrent disasters. The estimation of the potential landslide volume is essential for the risk assessment of mountain torrent disasters. In this study, a method of calculation that combines TRIGRS and the slope-units for estimating the landslide volume of a small mountainous watershed has been established. TRIGRS analyzes the watershed landslide safety factor under rainfall conditions based on grid-cells. The slope-units extract the results and combine the empirical power law formula to calculate the potential landslide volume. In this paper, we use this method to assess the landslide volume of the Longxi river basin. The results show that the area and volume estimates of the landslides are consistent with the results observed from satellite images and field surveys. This method can be used to study the impact of sediment transport on mountain torrent disasters in the basin. With different moisture content conditions, the results show that the soil moisture content and slope angle significantly affect the distribution and volume of potential landslides in the watershed, giving rise to the uncertainty of the landslide estimation.
Experimental Study on Hydraulic Conductivity and Resistance in Silty Sediments
Authors: Zhu Wenlong , Zhang Minxi , Sun Hui , Yu Guoliang
Published: December 2020

Hydraulic conductivity k as a function of void ratio e and particle diameter for silty sediment was experimentally investigated, and an empirical formula for the estimation of hydraulic conductivity was proposed. Seepage resistance for flow in silty sediment was deliberated. Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that hydraulic conductivity k could be expressed as an exponential function of void ratio e and median particle diameter d50 {3.1 μm < d50 < 87 μm and 0.26 < e < 4}. It was further found that the formula of seepage resistance factor (?), a form of friction factor, varies linearly with Reynolds number (Re) for silty sediments. A family of such λ-Re curves for various particle diameter d50 is presented.
Task prioritization methods in flexible software development methodologies
Authors:   Chernihiv National Technological University, Lytvynov V.V. , Bogdan I.V. ,   Chernihiv National Technological University, Zadorozhnyi A.О. ,   Chernihiv National Technological University, Bilous I.V. ,   Chernihiv National Technological University
Published: December 2020

The modern task prioritization methods that are used in flexible software development methodologies are discussed in the paper. Very flexible development methodologies such as Scrum, Kunban and others are currently the most popular because they allow making adjustments to it at any stage of a project, to improve the quality of the created product through daily monitoring of its creation and quickly release the first versions of the software. All task prioritization methods that are used in software projects de-velopment including flexible methodologies are divided into those that take into account the point of view of the development team and those that are based on various quantitative assessments, among which various metrics, expert opinions, points of view of those who are interested in the project, availa-ble classifications etc. Among the considered prioritization methods, which take into account the opin-ion of the development team, there are such popular and actively used nowadays methods, as MoSCoW, story map (User story mapping) and proactive improvement. Among the considered methods, based on quantitative assessment, is Kano's model, the method based on the creation of evaluation sheets, the method for estimating relative priorities for a set of functions offered by Carl Wigers and the method of structuring quality functions (Quality Function Deployment). Depending on the features of the project, customer requirements, the wishes of the development team and the other objective or subjective fac-tors, the project can use one or several prioritization methods at the same time or the combination of them. In addition, some of the considered methods can be used in short-term planning, the others – in the long-term, but there are those that can be used at each stage.
ASSESSMENT OF TEMPORAL VARIATIONS OF GROUNDWATER RECHARGE IN ERGENE BASIN (NORTHWESTERN TURKEY) IN TERMS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors: ARKOÇ Orhan
Published: December 2020

Recharge of groundwater is important for the sustainability of this resource. Groundwater in Ergene Basin is used for domestic purposes, irrigation and industrial demand. In this study, it is aimed to determine the temporal variations of groundwater recharge in Ergene Basin. For this purpose data of main meteorological stations located the basin in 1966 - 2014 were used. The study area is divided into two zones, eastern zone (EZ) and western zone (WZ). Groundwater recharge, which is calculated using hydrologic budget method, showed a decreasing trend in EZ while very slightly increasing trend in WZ consistent with the decreasing precipitation and increasing temperature trends. Increasing demand for groundwater and over pumping in EZ of the Basin caused significant groundwater declines with combined effect of climate change. According to Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) values the study area also experienced moderate-mild draught during the study periods.
KENTSEL MEKAN VE MORFOLOJİ İLİŞKİSİ: KIRKLARELİ İLİ YAYLA MAHALLESİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ASLAN Fürüzan , ATEŞ Oğuz , MENTEŞ Yaşar
Published: December 2020

Dünya genelinde şehirler, sürdürülebilir kentleşme hedefine ulaşabilmek için artan zorluklarla daha çok karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Yaşadığı çevre ile sürekli etkileşim içinde olan insan bir taraftan fiziksel çevreyi etkilerken, bir taraftan da bu çevreden etkilenmektedir. Bu etkileşim süreci içerisinde kentlerde çeşitli değişimler yaşanmaktadır. Kentsel peyzajın yapısının nasıl ifade edileceği ve temsil edileceği sorusu uzun zamandır kentsel morfolojinin merkezinde yer almaktadır. Kentsel peyzaj, kentsel morfologlar için paha biçilmez bir bilgi kaynağıdır. Kentlerin geçmişi, bugünü ve geleceği konusundaki tartışmalarda kilit rol oynayan kentsel morfoloji, yüzyıldan fazla bir süredir, kentsel formun unsurlarını tanımlayan, sınıflayan ve açıklayabilen bir takım kavram ve yöntem geliştirmiştir. Son zamanlarda, kentsel morfologlar kentsel formun belirli bir unsurunu şekillendirme sürecini incelemeye başlamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Kırklareli ili Merkez ilçe sınırları içerisinde yer alan, tarihi olarak en eski ve en zengin mahallesi olan Yayla Mahallesinin kentsel unsurlarını kentsel morfoloji perspektifinden incelemek, değerlendirmek ve çeşitli önerilerde bulunmaktır.
SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİ PİYASASI VE KOMPÜTASYONEL MODELLEME
Authors: TOPAL KOÇ Demet
Published: December 2020

Sağlık hizmetleri ve sağlık hizmetleri piyasası kompleks adaptif sistem özelliği gösterdiği için klasik Newton matematiğini kullanan yöntemlerden elde edilen tek bir çözüm ile değerlendirilmesi, analiz edilmesi ve çözüm önerilerinin geliştirilmesi eksik bir yaklaşım olarak değerlendirilebilir. Bunun yerine kompleks sistemi analiz eden araçların ve yöntemlerin kullanılması gerekir. Böylece sistem gerçeğe daha yakın modellenirken, genellikle tek bir çözüm yerine çözüm kümesi sunan yöntemler ile sorunlara daha etkin çözümler bulunabilmektedir. Bu bağlamda, bu derleme çalışmasında konu ile ilgili bir kılavuz olması açısından sağlık hizmetleri ve sağlık hizmetleri piyasasını değerlendirmede kompleks sistem analiz araçlarını kullanan çalışmalar araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada, kompleks adaptif sistemleri analiz ederken en sık kullanılan ajan bazlı modelleme, sistem dinamiği ve ayrık olay simülasyonu gibi yöntemler kısaca açıklanarak, bu yöntemleri kullanılan literatüre yer verilmiştir.
INVESTIGATION OF Pb AND Ni LEVELS IN SUNFLOWER PLANT AGRICULTURE TWO DIFFERENT PH ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: TORLAK Cihan , ÖZCAN Cemile
Published: December 2020

In this study, in the soil samples collected from farmland with two different pH environments located in Kırklareli Province, heavy metals (Pb and Ni) were aimed to investigate the relationship. The working pH values are took in 3 different periods (after the formation of the plant, week of 1 and 6, harvest time) from the farm land in the town of Kırklareli and Kavaklı. In order to determine the concentration of Pb and Ni metals, the reading process was performed by the Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS). The concentrations of Pb and Ni metals in soils in the first region were 36.3-43.7 mg/kg and 12.6-14.9 mg/kg, in the second region soil concentrations were 11.7-17.1 mg/kg, 0.09-0.24 mg/kg, 3.12-4.353 mg/kg, 7.89-11.2 mg/kg, 56.3-9.54 mg/kg, respectively. The concentrations of Pb and Ni metals in first region plant components were 1.93-12.1 mg/kg, and 0.56-11.8 mg/kg, the second region was 6.92-14.8 mg/kg and 0.58-9.37 mg/kg, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was found to be less than 10%. The RSD of analysis of samples have satisfying precision.
Determination of Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of ATAK-S Male Chicks in Different Raising Systems
Authors: YETER Beyhan , AKYAR Ökkeş
Published: December 2020

In this study, meat production performance of male chicks of the ATAK-S genotype, which is an egg-yielding line, were examined in both indoor and free range raising systems. The study was carried out at the Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University (KSU), Animal Production Application and Research Centre for 12 weeks. Each treatment was represented by 3 replications containing of 28 male chicks (84 male chicks per treatment). During the indoor treatment, the chicks were raised in floor pens in a conventional house (3.7 birds/m2). In the free-range treatment, the chickens were housed in a similar indoor house (3.7 birds/m2); in addition, they also had a free-range clover paddock (0.9 birds/m2). All birds were provided with the same diets as ad-libitum. Results showed that the thigh rate of the chickens in the free-range treatment were higher than that of the chickens in the indoor floor treatments, but the neck rate of the chickens in the free-range treatment were lower than that of the chickens in the indoor floor treatments. There was no significant effect of the free-range raising system on live weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, survival rate, eviscerated carcass, breast, thighs, wings, back rates, edible giblets, testes weight, rectal temperature and tonic immobility.
İlkokul birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin metin içi anlam kurma becerilerinin incelenmesi
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Yusuf
Published: December 2020

Matthew Etkisi, okuma eğitimi açısından bakıldığında iyi okuyucular ile zayıf okuyucular arasındaki akademik farkın zamanla artmasını ifade etmektedir. İlkokul birinci sınıf ile birlikte açılmaya başlayan bu fark dördüncü sınıfa gelindiğinde zor kapanacak bir hal almaktadır. Bu farkın azalması ise erken dönemlerde yapılacak müdahalelerle mümkün olabilecektir. Birinci sınıf öğrencileri için metinden anlam kurma becerisi temel bir beceri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu nedenle araştırmada ilkokul birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin metin içi anlam kurma becerilerinin detaylı bir şekilde incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmada tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini 2017-2018 öğretim yılında Samsun ilinin Alaçam ilçesinde öğrenim gören ilkokul birinci sınıf öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak demografik bilgi formu ile okuduğunu anlama testi kullanılmıştır. Okuduğunu anlama testi, Karasu, Girgin ve Uzuner (2013) tarafından hazırlanan 3 adet metin ve bu metinlere ait 20 açık uçlu sorudan oluşturulmuştur. Ayrıca demografik bilgi formu ile öğrencilerin cinsiyeti, anne-baba eğitim düzeyi ve bir öğretim yılı içinde okudukları kitap sayısı ile ilgili bilgiler toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda ilkokul birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin metin içi anlam kurma becerilerinin ortalamanın üstünde olduğu; cinsiyet değişkeninin öğrencilerin metin içi anlam kurma becerileri üzerinde fark yaratmadığı; anne-baba eğitim düzeyi arttıkça öğrencilerin metin içi anlam kurma becerilerinin geliştiği; bir yılda 30 ve üzeri kitap okuyan öğrencilerin metin içi anlam kurma becerilerinin diğerlerinden daha gelişmiş olduğu ortaya konmuştur.
EĞİTİCİ AHŞAP OYUNCAKLAR BAĞLAMINDA KATEGORİK DETAYLANDIRMALAR: BULYAP VE YAPBOZ İÇİN BENZERLİKLER VE FARKLILIKLAR KARŞILAŞTIRMASI
Authors: USTA İlker
Published: December 2020

Genelgeçer bir kabul olarak, 0-6 yaş (veya 0-72 ay) arasını kapsayan okul öncesi dönemin oyun ve oyuncak eşliğinde gerçekleşen öğrenme ve keşfetme sürecini ihtiva ettiği göz önüne alındığında, oyuncakların gelişim alanlarını pekiştirmek suretiyle bedenen, zihnen ve ruhen çocuğun gelişmesine oldukça önemli bir katkı sağladığı söylenebilir. Bu çerçevede, çok yönlü ve işlevsel tasarım kurgusuyla okul öncesi dönem önde gelmek üzere çocuk gelişimi sürecinde öne çıkan oyuncak türlerinden biri olan Eğitici Ahşap Oyuncaklar, çok sayıda oyuncaktan oluşan geniş bir ürün karmasına sahiptir. Bulyap ve Yapboz bunlardan ikisidir. Çocukluk sürecinde yaygın olarak görülen oyuncak örneklerinden olan Bulyap ve Yapboz oyuncakları, psikomotor gelişim ve bilişsel gelişim ile dil gelişimi önceliğinde sosyal ve duygusal gelişim ile özbakım becerisini destekleyen işlevsellikleriyle çok yönlü oyuncaklar olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, bu oyuncaklar eşleştirme kavramını esas alan kurgusuyla birbirlerine benzedikleri halde, parça-bütün ilişkilendirmesi odağında birbirlerinden farklıdırlar. Dolayısıyla, bu çalışmada Bulyap ve Yapboz kategorisi oyuncakları, Ahşap Oyuncak Kategorizasyonu kapsamında benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları itibariyle kategorik olarak detaylandırılmıştır. Ayrıca, belli bir konunun soyutlama yapılarak somutlaştırılmasına imkan tanıyan içselliklerine atfen, Bulyap ve Yapboz kategorisi oyuncaklarının, doğa ve çevre eksenli olaylar ile dünya ve yaşama ilişkin olgular bağlamında, okul öncesi dönem çocuklarında fen bilgisi hakkında bir farkındalığın oluşmasına sağladığı katkılar açıklanmıştır.
Seed traits linked to differential survival of plants during the Cretaceous/Paleogene impact winter
Authors: Berry Keith
Published: December 2020

In past investigations the pattern of differential survival of plants across the K/Pg boundary has been viewed as incompatible with severe asteroid impact winter scenarios (i.e., an impact winter lasting more than a few months), particularly the enigmatic survival of coryphoid palms and Pandanus (screw pine). Stateof- the-art climate models based on soot, sulfate and nano-sized dust aerosols predict a global impact winter that drastically reduced precipitation and resulted in a transient period of total darkness and permafrost conditions. This suggests that the plants most likely to have been affected by the global mass-extinction event were tropical phanerophytes that produce recalcitrant seeds, which by definition are desiccation-intolerant, survive less than a year, and cannot survive freezing. However, this hypothesis has never been tested. In this study I sampled over 100 plant species from the global fossil record that have a high probability of having produced either recalcitrant seeds/disseminules (n1 = 58) or orthodox seeds (n2 = 59), based on their phylogenetic relationships with extant taxa that either are monomorphic for these traits or specifically exhibit a genetic marker for abscisic acid inhibition associated with seed dormancy and recalcitrance. A one-tailed z-test for the difference between two proportions revealed that plant taxa with a high probability of having produced recalcitrant seeds had significantly lower survivorship than plant taxa with a high probability of having produced orthodox seeds (p < 0.0001). Based on these data, it can be concluded that plants which formed a frost-tolerant seed bank during the latest Maastrichtian were significantly more likely to survive the K/Pg impact winter than plants which did not (including palms). These data clearly indicate that the K/Pg impact winter probably lasted longer than a year and that it selected for seed-based traits that effectively sorted correlated functional traits of mature plants (i.e., leaf physiognomic features). This novel hypothesis stands as an alternative to J.A. Wolfe’s classic hypothesis that a mild K/Pg impact winter selected for fast-growing angiosperms with deciduous leaves and did not affect the plant communities of the Southern Hemisphere. Potential mechanisms for the rare survival of tropical, recalcitrant-seeded plants are discussed.
Holocene vegetation, climate and fire dynamics in the Serra dos Órgãos, Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil
Authors: Portes Maria C. , Behling Hermann , Montade Vincent , Safford Hugh D.
Published: December 2020

We analysed pollen and macro-charcoal from a sediment core representing the last 9840 cal yr BP, collected at 2003 m a.s.l. in a patch of upper montane Atlantic Rain Forest (UMARF) embedded in a campos de altitude (high-elevation grassland) matrix in the Serra dos Órgãos National Park, southeastern Brazil. From 9840 to 4480 cal yr BP, campos de altitude (CDA) was the dominant vegetation at the site, indicating that the climate was relatively cool and dry. However, pollen data document that UMARF was near the core site throughout the recorded Holocene. Relatively frequent high-magnitude fires occurred during the Early Holocene but became rarer in the Mid-Holocene after 4480 cal yr BP, when the climate became wetter. In the Mid-Holocene, UMARF and tree fern taxa became slightly more frequent at the site, but CDA vegetation continued to dominate most of the high-mountain landscape. A climatic change to wetter and warmer conditions during the last 1350 cal yr BP is evidenced by an increase in UMARF and even lowland forest taxa in our core, as well as the near complete absence of fire after this date.
Homework is a long lever to elevate education, but where is the fulcrum?
Authors: Nguyen Chi Yen , Phan Thanh-Thao Thi , Hoang Anh-Duc , Phan Phuong-Tam , Nguyen Tien-Trung , Hiep Pham Hung
Published: December 2020

Homework effectiveness has long been a controversial issue for many educators, schools and parents. Many researchers have tried to prove homework is not just a nuisance we all have to face throughout the years but really "build characters" and "is good for you" like teachers and parents typically say. This bibliometrics review studied 429 documents related to homework in education from Clarivate Web of Science from 1977 to 2020. This study aims to record the volume, growth pattern of homework literature, and identify critical author, publication and topic of this knowledge base. The review found that the homework literature has grown remarkably over the past 43 years, with most-cited authors are from the US, Spain and China. Using co-citation, co-occurrence and bibliographic coupling analysis from VOSviewer program, this research also indicated some significant results and suggestions for future research.
Chuyên san Dạy và Học - Số 30 - Gắn kết
Authors: Hoang Anh-Duc , Anh Duong Phu Viet , Nguyen Linh-Chi , Doan Phuong-Thuc
Published: December 2020

Sớm thôi, 2020 sẽ khép lại, mở ra những kỳ vọng và mong ước tươi sáng, đầy ắp cho 2021. Trước sự chuyển giao đó, ta hãy cùng làm một tổng kết nhỏ xinh. Dạy và học đến nay đã được 30 số. Riêng năm qua có 130 bài, đâu đó 400-500 trang viết do những tình nguyện viên gửi gắm. Tuy vẫn còn nhiều hạn chế, nhưng Dạy và học vẫn hy vọng mang tới được cho các thầy cô chút chất keo giúp gắn kết lý thuyết với thực hành, hàn chặt kỳ vọng vào thực tế. Với chủ đề “Gắn kết”, kỳ này, chuyên san sẽ xoay quanh câu chuyện tạo dựng những mối quan hệ có ảnh hưởng mật thiết với việc học tập của học sinh. Trước hết là mối quan hệ giữa thầy và trò. Để có được sự kết nối với học trò, giáo viên cần có một phương pháp sư phạm tốt. Bài “Thiết kế phổ quát cho học tập” và “Trẻ sẽ học tập tốt hơn nếu không phải ngồi yên một chỗ” sẽ giúp giáo viên hình thành những tiết dạy tôn trọng sự khác biệt của mỗi cá nhân học sinh. Tiếp đó là kỷ luật và giao tiếp tích cực trong lớp học, giáo viên cần có một sự phân định rõ giữa “… kỷ luật và trừng phạt”, đồng thời, giữ được sự trao đổi thường xuyên với học sinh. Bài “Xây dựng những mối liên hệ thông qua những bức thư tay” sẽ đem tới vài gợi ý bổ ích cho bạn. Với câu chuyện xây dựng mối quan hệ tốt với phụ huynh, bạn có thể tham khảo bài “Gặp gỡ phụ huynh: vượt qua dòng nước cuốn” để tìm kiếm gợi ý giúp bạn tháo gỡ nút thắt với một vài trường hợp khó khăn. Ngoài ra, các bài: “Hiểu về sư phạm theo một cách đơn giản”, “Thay vì coi “thất bại” như là một điều tích cực, tại sao không sử dụng những từ tích cực?” là những vấn đề đơn giản mà chúng ta có thể chủ động hành, nhằm xây dựng sự thống nhất chung giữa thầy cô và cha mẹ và đem tới sự phối hợp đồng thời từ hai phía.
TICS E O ENSINO DE INGLÊS: A ARTICULAÇÃO DE RECURSOS DIGITAIS ÀS ATIVIDADES DE ESCRITA
Authors: Capozzoli Camila Brito Cavacacanti
Published: December 2020

Resumo: O presente relato traz um recorte da dissertação “Ensino e aprendizagem de escrita em língua inglesa na era digital: explorando caminhos possíveis” desenvolvido junto ao PPGLE da UFCG. Nosso objetivo consiste em investigar as implicações do uso das TICs no ensino da escrita em inglês enquanto LE, em uma escola de idiomas da cidade de Campina Grande.  Nesse recorte, buscamos descrever e identificar como as TICs foram articuladas às atividades de escrita em uma turma de inglês nível básico. Assim, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, descritiva e alinhada à pesquisa-ação. Os dados foram gerados a partir do livro didático, do diário de bordo e de prints. A análise dos dados ancora-se, principalmente, em Mayer (2006). Os resultados indicam que as TICs foram articuladas em abordagens centrada na tecnologia, na aprendizagem e no aluno, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento da autonomia, promoção de interações através da escrita e aprendizagem dos estudantes.
Entre o real e o ideal: a literatura infantil na educação infantil
Authors: Oliveira Laiana Rosendo , Alves José Hélder Pinheiro
Published: December 2020

O estudo sobre a infância, leitura e literatura recebe um significativo incentivo a partir da publicação da coleção "Literatura e Educação Infantil", que é distríbuido em dois volumes, "Livros, imagens e práticas de leitura" e "Para ler, contar e encantar". As organizadoras, Cynthia Girotto e Renata Junqueira, possibilitam um espaço de formação ao professor da Educação Infantil, relacionando teoria à prática, com base em variadas pesquisas, feitas por professores, educadores e variados profissionais da área. Um manual de experiências, que encaminha o educador a uma percepção singular em torno da literatura infantil e da relação que se almeja entre a mesma e a criança na primeira infância. A resenha disposta apresenta os principais elementos norteadores da coleção, dispondo o diálogo entre os dois volumes e a relevância das obras para o estudo da Literatura, no que diz respeito aos seguintes públicos: bebês e crianças. Destacando o papel do adulto-mediador em todo o processo.
O crime da Galeria de Cristal, de Boris Fausto: um estudo sobre intermídia e sensacionalismo
Authors: Leszczynski Taynara , Borba Maria Salete
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar o conceito de intermídia no livro O Crime da Galeria de Cristal e os dois crimes da mala: São Paulo, 1908-1928 (2019), do historiador e escritor brasileiro Boris Fausto. Pretende-se apontar e discutir as intersecções e fronteiras midiáticas entre as várias esferas que se entrelaçam na sua escrita, bem como observar o surgimento do sensacionalismo na imprensa brasileira, sobretudo, por meio de faits divers. Para dar suporte a esse estudo, nos baseamos no conceito de intermídia, de Higgins (2007), o qual pode ser visto no livro de Fausto (2019) através da presença de traços de origens múltiplas, como da literatura, jornal, rádio, cinema e teatro, que se conectam por meio do interesse grotesco e sanguinário da sociedade por crimes, principalmente, assassinatos. Embora as três histórias do livro de Fausto (2019) sejam factuais, ambas ocorridas em meados do século XX, em São Paulo, assemelham-se bastante a contos. Essa dificuldade em classificar essa escrita dentro dos moldes de gêneros textuais e literários também vem a ser uma característica da intermídia. Ademais, pela presença de fragmentos tanto imagéticos quanto textuais, pode ser visto como uma escrita de almanaque, segundo Dias (2016). Tudo isso, sob uma atmosfera de suspense que remete às narrativas policiais. Nesse sentido, também nos pautamos em alguns teóricos que discorrem sobre o universo literário policialesco, como Moraes (2019), Pontes (2007), Reimão (2005), Souza (2000), Piglia (1986) e Albuquerque (1979); para refletir as relações de literatura e outras linguagens: Antelo (2000), Brait (2010), Glória (2006) e Longui (2020).
O invisível dos olhos
Authors: Lima Cleane Da Silva de
Published: December 2020

Crônica sobre o homem e sua existência
The processing of typological similar languages among trilingual speakers of Spanish, English and Portuguese
Authors: Forcelini Jamile
Published: December 2020

Pesquisas mostram (VAN HESTE, 1999; VAN HELL; DE GROOT, 1998; VAN HEUVEN, DIJSTRA; GRAINGER, 1998) que, quando falantes bilíngues visualizam palavras em diferentes línguas, diferentes níveis de semelhança lexical fazem com que outros vocábulos sejam simultaneamente ativados. Grande parte das pesquisas em processamento lexical se concentra na população bilíngue; enquanto que poucos estudos analisam tal fenômeno entre falantes trilíngues. O presente estudo se propõe a investigar como falantes trilíngues classificados como falantes nativos e de herança em espanhol processam palavras em diferentes idiomas (espanhol, português, alemão e basco) em comparação com falantes trilíngues não-nativos de espanhol. O objetivo é verificar se o terceiro idioma (português) afeta o processamento lexical em um idioma aprendido anteriormente (espanhol). Dois grupos participaram do estudo. O primeiro grupo era composto por falantes nativos de inglês (L1), com segunda língua espanhol (L2), e terceira língua português (L3). O segundo grupo era composto por falantes trilíngues nativos e/ou de herança em espanhol (n = 26) (L1-espanhol, L2-inglês e L3-português). Todos os participantes se encontravam em estágios iniciais de aprendizagem de língua portuguesa (L3). Resultados com base em tempos de reação e precisão demonstraram que falantes trilíngues nativos/de herança processaram palavras em espanhol mais rapidamente que falantes trilingues não nativos, além de processar todos os tipos de palavras (em português, espanhol, alemão e basco) com mais precisão. Os presentes resultados se basearam no modelo Bilingual Interactive Activation Plus (BIA +) de Dijkstra e Van Heuven (2002).
The pluricentric kaleidoscope: a corpora-based case study on Portuguese Critical Language and Lusophone varieties
Authors: Ramos-Sollai Silvia
Published: December 2020

Enquanto o pluricentrismo vem se tornando um componente central no ensino de Português como Língua Estrangeira (PLE), há um debate paralelo sobre a representação de vozes periféricas para línguas críticas, especialmente no que tange a competência global. Ou seja, a literatura pertinente demonstra que línguas menos comumente ensinadas nos Estados Unidos, como PLE e suas variantes lusófonas, devem ser inclusivas e equilibradas com habilidade intercultural e holística relacionável (NUGENT; SLATER, 2017). Este estudo explora como o acesso à autenticidade, fonte inalterada e integral, na Internet reflete a natureza pluricêntrica do português. A triangulação de dados oriundos de vídeos revela uma deficiência decrescente na formação do professor, desde a definição do público-alvo até o alinhamento do conteúdo instrucional. Os resultados também confirmam as descobertas e implicações que apontam para a necessidade de medidas além do nível distrital para que o português seja reconhecido como língua para comunicação internacional (MENDES, 2014).
Capa
Authors: Amâncio da Silva Wellington , Soares da Silva Maria Rennally
Published: December 2020

Capa
Colaboradores
Authors: Ad hoc Organizadoras e Colaboradores
Published: December 2020

Colaboradores
PERSON NAMES COLLOCATION AS THE DETERMINATION FACTOR OF THEIR REFERENTIAL STATUS (based on English and Tatar languages material)
Authors: Zamaliutdinova E.R.
Published: December 2020

In the article, the analysis of person names in terms of their collocation with some verbs groups as the determination factor of their referential status is carried out. The empirical base of the research work involves statements from the national corpuses of English and Tatar languages. The study object is English and Tatar statements representing peculiarities of person names collocation and realization of their event nomination function. It is found out that person names can act as the implicit event nomination. This phenomenon can be partially considered as the semantic-syntactic metonymy. The referential status in this case is ambiguous. Language-independent investigation of person names allows defining their specific-referential status. Thanks to their situation representing ability person names can be considered as abstract event nomination and their referential status as interpretative.
PROBLEMS OF LEXICOGRAPHY OF EURYSEMIC LEXES (using the example of German colloquial verb units with the hincomponent)
Authors: Yushkova L.A.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of lexicographic codification of German eurysemic verb lexes. Causes of semantic insufficiency are analyzed when describing the meaning of wide-valued units. The article deals in detail with German verb units with the preverbal component hin-, belonging to the conceptual area of "modality of action" and characterized by a wide reference correlation. By the contextual analysis of the concordances of the representative electronic corpus of DWDS-Corpus, the article reveals contextually conditional elements of the semantics of verb units, on the basis of which usual semantic variants not reflected in dictionary definitions are formulated, common to several or all lexemes of this group, as well as usual variants of individual lexemes.
LATINIZATION OF ALPHABET OF THE KOMI-PERMYAKS OF THE URAL REGION IN G. NECHAEV’s STUDY
Authors: Kiselev M.Yu.
Published: December 2020

The article provides information about G. Nechaev’s study, “Latinization of the Komi-Permyaks of the Ural Region”, dated March 7, 1933, deposited in the archival fund of the All-Union Central Committee of the new (Latinized) alphabet under the Council of Nationalities of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, stored in the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The study noted that Permian Komi, who had been in high school and learned how to communicate in Russian somehow, no longer considered themselves Permian Komi, but considered themselves Russian. Information is given on three directions in resolving the issue of the Komi-Permyak alphabet: the great-power-chauvinistic one, which proposed the Russian alphabet; the one of Latinists who proposed the Latin alphabet, oriented to the Western bourgeois states; nationalistic one, oriented to V.A. Molodtsov’ alphabet based on modified cyrillic. Unification of the Komi-Permian alphabet, with all the shortcomings in work, made it possible to solve the main problem - the elimination of illiteracy, and the struggle of various directions showed the indigenous population's deep interest in creating and mastering the modern language. The information provided will expand the source study base on the history of linguistics, in particular the Komi-Permian language, and can be used for educational and research purposes.
ADAPTATION AND INNOVATION IN A DUAL MODEL OF DISCIPLINE OF CADETS AT A MILITARY INSTITUTE
Authors: Dorfman L.Ya. , Dubrovsky A.V. , Tsariev E.A. , Kurochkin E.A. , Liadov V.N. , Kalugin A.Yu.
Published: December 2020

The discipline of cadets of military institutes of the National Guard of Russia (Rosgvardiya) is a subject of the current study. It is developed from the perspective of the meta-individual world theory and with reference to adaptation and innovation. A cross-theoretical approach was used: twofold structure of discipline, adaptation and innovation, divergent thinking. Their integration was the topic of this research. The sample consisted of 227 junior cadets of the Perm Military Institute of Rosgvardiya - young men aged 17 to 22 years. Both direct and indirect (through creativity) effects of discipline on the scales of adaptation and innovation of the Kirton method were discovered. It was shown that discipline and adaptation-innovation, by interaction, create a polysystemic effect. It has been suggested that "novelty" is embedded in adaptation and that they together represent integration based on a dual format.
TRAINING REQUIREMENTS FOR PERSONNEL WORKING IN THE AREA OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS IN THE UDMURT REPUBLIC
Authors: Novokreshchenov V.V. , Alabuzhev S.A.
Published: December 2020

The situation with the staffing of the industry “Physical culture and sports” in the Udmurt Republic according to the state statistical reporting for the last 5 years and, in this regard, the process of personnel training in the framework of the direction 49.00.00 “Physical culture and sports” in the Udmurt Republic as a whole and in the Udmurt State University, in particular, is considered. Using the platform of the Google Forms resource, the authors conducted a survey of 80 organizations-employers in order to form a system at the university that provides training of qualified personnel in physical culture and sports. According to employers, in the interpretation of the authors, the system should include: fulfillment of the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of the direction 49.03.01 “Physical culture”; requirements of professional standards in the field of physical culture and sports; rating of competencies from employers; practice-oriented approach to teaching in the process of organizing practices and studying sports and pedagogical disciplines. In addition, the authors have systematized and generalized proposals for the formatting of work with applicants and graduates in order to retain personnel in the physical culture and sports organizations of the republic.
Experiencias, situaciones y recursos para el desarrollo de competencias
Authors: Cacheiro-González María Luz , González-Fernández Raúl , López-Gómez Ernesto
Published: December 2020

La formación universitaria basada en competencias ofrece un marco para el desarrollo integral de los futuros profesionales de la educación, promoviendo una integración de saberes, destrezas y valores en contextos diversos. Este estudio pretende identificar experiencias previas, situaciones relevantes y recursos tecnológicos para el desarrollo de las competencias de innovación, comunicativa y digital, considerando la perspectiva de estudiantes de posgrado de educación. El enfoque metodológico ha sido cualitativo, a través de un autoinforme con preguntas abiertas. Los participantes fueron 97 estudiantes de una universidad pública española, matriculados en un Máster Universitario de Investigación en Estrategias y Tecnologías para la Función Docente en la Sociedad Multicultural durante los cursos 2018, 2019 y 2020. Tras analizar las respuestas de los estudiantes a las preguntas abiertas, los resultados muestran la variedad de metodologías didácticas en el desarrollo de las competencias de innovación (aprendizaje basado en proyectos, aprendizaje cooperativo) y comunicativa (asamblea, dramatización). La importancia concedida a las comunidades de aprendizaje es recurrente al identificar experiencias previas innovadoras y ejemplificar el dominio de la competencia digital. El artículo concluye resaltando el mosaico competencial generado a partir de las 25 categorías que representan experiencias de innovación educativa (creatividad, proyectos interdisciplinares), situaciones de comunicación didáctica (interculturalidad, comunicación no verbal) y repertorio de recursos digitales (blog, redes sociales, apps, realidad virtual), ilustrando prácticas relevantes en contextos educativos.
Uso de aplicaciones online para plataformas en streaming
Authors: Martínez Martínez Silvia , Hunt Gómez Coral Ivy
Published: December 2020

La innovación en el aula y la conexión con los intereses y necesidades del alumnado resultan fundamentales. Así, se examinan los retos metodológicos de la enseñanza CLIL (Content Language Integrated Learning) combinada con la subtitulación accesible de contenido audiovisual de Netflix y la extensión de Google Chrome Language Learning with Netflix. Con objeto de comprobar su eficacia en la mejora de competencias tecnológicas, lingüísticas y el grado de interés mostrado por el aprendizaje de segundas lenguas, se realizó una actividad en la que participaron 75 estudiantes de la Facultad de Traducción e Interpretación de la Universidad de Granada. Los resultados, extraídos a través de un cuestionario realizado exprofeso evidenciaron diferencias entre las diferentes destrezas analizadas, destacando la mejora en la comprensión oral. Además, se pone de relieve que el uso de la metodología en la que se integra la subtitulación para sordos, la metodología CLIL, el aprendizaje de lenguas con fines específicos y el uso de tecnologías de plataformas de contenido audiovisual en streaming mejora el interés y motivación entre el alumnado de educación superior, siendo una herramienta óptima para los docentes que quieran innovar y transcender el aula.
Visiones del uso de las TIC para la educación inclusiva desde la perspectiva docente
Authors: Marín Díaz Verónica , Vagena Evangelia , García Sebastían Rubio
Published: December 2020

La educción inclusiva hoy pasa unilateralmente por imbricar su práctica con las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación. Sin embargo, para que esto se pueda producir las percepciones que los docentes tienen de las tecnologías van a marcar su empleo en la dinámica educativa. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es recopilar la opinión que tienen los profesores de Educación Secundaria de la localidad Atenas y Tesalónica (Grecia) sobre el empleo de las TIC en ambientes educativos inclusivos. A través de un diseño ex post facto y mediante un estudio descriptivo, inferencial y correlacional, se ha administrado un cuestionario creado ad hoc a una muestra de 377 docentes de Enseñanza Secundaria de Grecia, seleccionados a través de un muestreo de tipo incidental. El principal resultado alcanzado indica la no existencia de diferencias en sus visiones en función de la edad o del género, y que consideran que sus estudiantes están mejor formados digitalmente que ellos. Se puede concluir que, al igual que sucede en otros contextos los docentes helénicos demandan una formación clave para la utilización de las TIC en los entornos inclusivos en los que trabajan.