bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biochemical and crop responses of tea (Camellia sinensis) to applied nitrogen
Authors: S. MARIMUTHU  , L. MANIVEL  , R. RAJ KUMAR
Published: December 2023

Changes in nitrate-reductase enzyme activity in feeder roots and certain bio- chemical constituents of pluckable shoots in tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) 0. Kuntze] after fertilizer application were monitored at weekly intervals in the field-grown ma- ture bushes to determine the optimum N level and the interval between 2 applica- tions. Nitrate-reductase activity (NRA) built linearly up to 300 kg Nlhalyear, but de- clinedat 600 kg Nlha. Nitrogen at 600 kg!ha. though balanced with potash, inhibited NRA in feeder roots and increased the nitrogenous compounds in green shoots. The NRA was at peak during third week and declined in fourth week. For sustained effi- ciency and productivity without any adverse effect on quality, 300 kg Nlha balanced with potash applied at a minimum of 3-4 weeks interval appeared optimum.
Production potential and economics of different cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) based cropping systems
Authors: G.L. MALIWAL  , H.C. PARMAR  , R.R. KASWALA  , C.H. RANA  , M.L. PATEL  , S. RAMAN
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during 1990-97 (except 1993-94) at Khandha, Gujarat to access the production potential and economics of different cotton- based cropping systems. Results revealed that cotton-wheat-cropping system was the most remuneraiive and suitable for Narmada command.
Effect of levels and time of N application on performance of late-puddle seeded rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: M. D. REDDY  , K. A. KUMAR
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during rainy and winter seasons of 1994-95 to find out the optimum level and time of N application for late seeded rice under puddled condition. In kharif, there was significant increase in grain yield up to 80 kg N/ha while-in rabi, the crop responded up to 120 kg N/ha. Application of N in two splits at sowing / 10 days after sowing (DAS) and maximum tillering (45 DAS) gave yield similar to that of 3 or 4 splits in both kharif and rabiseasons. !n kharif under late sown conditions, short duration cultivar WGL 1801 1-1 5 (1 05 days) gave higher yield than long duration varieties Kavya (135 days) and Pothana (125 days) but during rabi season both the cultivars under test (IR - 64 : 125 days, Kalinga - 390 days) gave similar yield.
Effect of green manuring and NPK combinations on soil -- health and yield of rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: S. D. CHAPHALE  , W. P. BADOLE
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 1991 -92 to 1995-96 at Sindewahi, to study the effect of incorporation of leafy foliage of glyricidia [Gliricidia sepium (J.) Walp.] with different levels of NPK on physico-chemical properties of soil and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Incorporation of glyricidia leafy foliage at same site for 5 years recorded increase in organic carbon, total N, available NPK, water holding capacity and decrease in bulk density of soil over control. This treatment also recorded the significantly higher grain (52.08 q/ha) and straw (83.28 q/ha) yield over control. Amongst the fertilizer levels, application of 100 : 50 and 50 kg NPW ha recorded higher grain and straw yields over all other treatments. Maximum B : C ratio was obtained with glyricidia (5.10) followed by 100 : 50 : 50 kg NPWha (1 -40).
Direct and residual effect of fertilizers on yield and nutrient uptake of jute (Corchorus capsularis) and rice (Oryza sativa) grown in a cropping sequence in rainfed lowlands
Authors: S. K. SlNGH  , B. C. GHOSH
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted at Kharagpur during 1991 and 1992 to study the effect of varying levels of N and P applied to capsularis jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) and their residual benefits to the succeeding rice (Olyza sativa L.) crop. Jute crop showed response up to N,, P,, level. Sizeable amount of jute biomass was recycled in soil through root stubbles (1,605 kglha) and leaf fall (387 kglha) supplying 23 kg IVIha and 10 kg P,O$ha. Advantage of residual .,.-- fertility to rice improved the grain yield significantly by direct application of chemical fertilizer at sub-optimal dose, i.e. N,, .P, Thus, a saving of 20 kg N/ha and 10 kg P,O$ha could be achieved due to residual fertility derived from jute biomass in jute-rice cropping sequence.
Effect of weed management in rice (Oryza sativa) and its carryover effect on succeeding blackgram (Phaseolus mungo) crop
Authors: S. NATARAJAN  , G. KUPPUSWAMY
Published: December 2023

An experiment was conducted during rabi and summer seasons of 1993-95 to study the direct and carryover effect of herbicides in rice (Oryza sativa L.)- blackgram (Phaseolus mungo L.) cropping sequence. Two pre-transplanting spray of glyphosate (1.5 kg ailha at each spray) with oxyflourfen (pre-emergence) 0.1 ail ha + handweeding (40 DAT) being statistically on par with two pre-transplant spray of glyphosate 1.5 ailha+ oxyfluorfen (pre-emergence) 0.1 ailha+ 2,4-D sodium salt 0.75 ailha post-emergence (21 DAT) and 2 pre-transplanting of spray of glyphosate + 2 handweedings (20 and 40 DAT) proved significantly superior to any of these 3 . treatments without glyphosate in reducing weed population and their dry weight, - thus resulting in highest rice grain yield (5.6 tlha). Carryover effect of rice herbicides on the succeeding blackgram was not significant in controlling grass and broad- leaved weeds. However, sedge population in blackgram under glyphosate was significantly lower resulting in lesser weed dry weight than that of no glyphosate and gave significantly higher blackgram seed yield (10.1 tlha).
Influence of seedling age, source and schedule of nitrogen application on rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: S. P. SINGH  , B. SREEDEVI  , K. G. PlLLAl
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during dry seasons (rabi) of 1992 and 1993 to study the effect of 3 ages of seedlings (30,45 and 60 days old), 2 nitrogen sources (prilled urea and large granular urea) and their schedules of application, namely control; basal; 2 splits (50% basal + 50% panicle initiation); 2 splits (75% basal + 25% panicle initiation) and 3 splits (50% basal + 25% tillering + 25% panicle initiation stage) on growth, grain yield and economic returns of rice (Oryza sativa L.) variety Rasi. Thirty and forty-five days old seedlings recorded significantly higher grain yield (13 to 15%) than that of the 60 days old seedlings. Large granular urea recorded significantly higher grain yield over that of prilled urea. Among different schedules of N application, 3 splits of N application gave significantly higher grain yield (5.50 tlha) over rest of the schedules of N applications.
Growth and yield response of pea (Pisum sativum) ta moisture stress, phosphorus, sulphu? and zinc fertilizers
Authors: S. KASTURIKRISHNAI  , L. P. S. AHLAWAT
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted at New Delhi during 1992-94 to study the growth and yield responses of pea (Pisum sativum L.) cv. Swastik (DMR 11) to moisture stress and application of phosphorus, sulphur and zinc. The moisture stress at flowering appeared to be most critical in influencing the yield of pea. Higher values of vine length, leaf area index, dry matter, yield attributes, grain and straw yields, harvest index, nutrient uptake (N, P, K and Zn) and consumptive water use were noticed with no moisture stress treatment. Application of 26.2 kg Plha resulted in marked improvement in growth and yield attributes and yield, nutrient uptake (N, P, K and Zn), consumptive water use, water use efficiency, and soil available P at harvest. The soil available N showed improvement up to 13.1 kg Plha only. Combined application of 40 kg S + 5 kg Znl ha showed marked improvement in growth and yield attributes, grain and straw yields, nutrient uptake (P, K and Zn), consumptive water use and water use efficiency. The differences between 40 kg Slha and 40 kg S + 5 kg Znlha were not marked in S uptake in both the seasons, and N uptake in 1993-94.
Integrated input management in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)-wheat (Diticum aestivum) cropping system under draught-prone areas of semi-arid regions
Authors: R.A. SlNGH
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was carried out on nutrients denuded sandy-loam soil under moisture-stress condition, during rainy and winter seasons of 1996-97 and 1997-98. Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) - wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) cropping system showed that the integrated use of recommended dose of N,,, P,, and K, + FYM @ 100 q + gypsum @ 300 kglha resulted in significantly higher pod yield (9.38 q/ha), followed by N,,, P, and K, + FYM @ 100 q + gypsum @ 300 kg + neem leaf powder @ 100 kgtha (9.28 q/ - ha). The growth and yield-contributing traits of groundnut were consistent to A pods yield. The residue of ,N, P, and K,, + FYM @ 100 q + gypsum @ 300 kg + neem leaf powder @ 100 kglha and application of N,, + P, to wheat gave higher grain yield of wheat by 46.24 qlha than other treatments under late-sown condition. The growth and yield-contributing characters noted in wheat were concordant to the grain yield.
Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of winter rice bean (Vigna umbellata)
Authors: C.M. KHANDA  , A.K. MOHAPATRA  , P.K. MlSRA
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabr) season of 1994-95 and 1995-96 at Bhubaneshwar, in acidic sandy-loam soil, to study the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of rice bean [Vigna umbellata (Thumb.) Ohwi & Ohashi]. Application of nitrogen at 40 kg/ ha and phosphorus at 60 kglha markedly influenced the branches and pods/ plant, seedslpod and 1,000-seed weight and significantly increased the seed . yield by 57.3 and 27.7% over the respective control. The N and P content as well as their uptake in seed and haulm also increased significantly up to 40 kg N and 60 kg P,O$ha.
Effect of water regime, variety and blue-green algae on rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: J. R. PATEL
Published: December 2023

An experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 1992 and 1993 to find out the effect of water regime, variety and biofertilizer (blue-green algae) on rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield. The results indicated that the water management practice of saturation till tillering and submergence till ripening recorded significantly higher grain yield as well as water-use efficiency (WLIE) compared with other treatments except continuous submergence system. Cultivar Kranti gave considerably more grain yield and recorded higher value of WUE than IR 36. Application of blue-green algae was found better in respect of grain yield and WUE over its control. Increase in yield by saturation till tillering and submergence till ripening, Kranti and BGA were due to the improvement in yield attributes of rice.
Effect of genotype, seeding method and diammonium phosphate on yield and protein and nutrient uptake by lentil (Lens culinaris)
Authors: S.K. TOMAR  , P. TRIPATHI  , A.L. RAJPUT
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during the winter season of 1994-95 and 1995-96 at Kumarganj, Faizabad, to study the effect of genotype, seeding method and diammonium phosphate (DAP) levels on yield, protein yield and nutrient uptake by lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus). The genotype Pant L 639 with seed rate of 60 kglha coupled with narrow row spacing (20 cm) recorded significantly higher yield, protein yield and nitrogen and phosphorus uptake. Application of DAP up to 100 kglha significantly increased the seed yield, - - .- protein yield and nutrient uptaken.
Effect of row spacing and nitrogen level on growth, yield and seed quality of scented rice (Oryza sativa) under transplanted conditions
Authors: NEELAM KUMAR CHOPRA  , NlSHA CHOPRA r
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 1994 and 1995 at Karnal, Haryana, to study the effect of row spacing and nitrogen levels on growth, seed yield and seed quality of Pusa Basmati 1 scented rice (Oryza sativa L.). Row spacing did not influence yield attributes, seed and straw yields. Significant linear increase in seed yield was recorded up to 80 kg Nlha and thereafter a marginal reduction in seed yield was observed at 120 kg Nlha. However, straw yield increased up to the highest level of N. Seed quality in terms of germination was neither affected by row spacing nor by N levels. The response of seed yield to N levels was quadratic. The maximum response was observed at 40 kg M a and thereafter it decreased with the increase in N level. The optimum economic dose of N was worked out to be 98.5 kglha with additional profit of Rs 8,075lha.
Growth and productivity of summer sesame (Sesamum indicum) as influenced by biofertilizer and growth-regulator
Authors: D.C. GHOSH
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during the summer season of 1996 and 1997 to study the effect of biofertilizer (buckup) and growth-regulator (electra, micrin and protein hydrolysate) on sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) on sandy- loam lateritic soil. Use of biofertilizer or growth-regulator alone did not influence the growth and yield attributes and yield of sesame over control, significantly. But combined application of biofertilizer and growth-regulator improved all the growth attributes and yield components and thus markedly increased grain and stick yields. Integrated use of buckup, electra and protein hydrolysate recorded the highest grain (1,094 kglha) and stick (2,392 kg/ha) yields of sesame and showed superiority to no or single application of biofertilizer or growth- regulator.
Seed yield and quality of late-sown berseem (Zh~oliurh alexandrinum) under different sowing dates and cutting management
Authors: VIRENDER SARDANA  , S.S. NARWAL
Published: December 2023

The pooled data of 1992-93 and 1993-94 revealed that 15 December sowing resulted in the maximum green-fodder and seed yields of berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) which decreased with further delay in sowing. Sowing dates a180 significantly influenced the quality of seeds produced. The best-seed quality was obtained from 30 December sowing, while 30 January sowlng gave the minimum fodder and seed yields with the poorest quality of seed. One cuttlng for fodder taken at 60 days after sowing resulted in the maximum seed yield, while maximum fodder yield was obtained from fodder cutting taken at 80 days after sowing. Time of fodder cutting did not have much influence on the quality of harvested seeds.
Performance of isabgol or blond psyllium (Plantago ovata) under different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and bio- fertilizers in shallow black soil
Authors: S.K. MAHESHWARI  , R.K. SHARMA  , S.K. GANGRADER
Published: December 2023

An experiment was conducted in shallow black soil of Malwa region of Madhy Pradesh during winter season of 1996 and 1997, to find out the effect of fertilizers on the growth, yield and quality of blond psyllium or isabgol (Plantago ovata Forskaal). Maximum plant height, number of spike-bearing tillers and - length of spikes were recorded at 25 kg N/ha without P application. Higher seed yield by 30% was obtained at 25 kg Nlha compared with the control. Phosphorus w and cultures did not affect plant attributes and seed yield and different treatments did not show beneficial effect on the swelling factor and mucilage of isabgol seed. As such 25 kg Nlha without P was found to be the most optimum and economic dose to realize maximum profit and benefit.
Effect of organic sources of nitrogen on productivity, quality of rice (Oryza and soil fertility in single sativa) crop wetlands
Authors: M. HEMALATHA  , V. THIRUMLIRUGAN  , R. BALASUBRAMANIAN
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during 1996-97 and 1997-98 to study the influence of organic manures, viz. dhaincha [Sesbannia cannabina (Retz.) Pers.], sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) and FYM, on productivity, quality and soil fertility. All the sources of organic manures improved the yield, quality and soil fertility. Among the various organic sources, in-sihr incorporation of dhaincha Q 12 tonnesfha remarkably increased the grain (1 8%) and straw (1 6%) yields of rice (Oryza sativa L.) over no organic manure, owing to increase in growth and yield-attributing characters of rice. An incorporation of dhaincha increased the optimum cooking time, total amylose content, crude protein content and reduced the gruel loss (%) of grain. Organic manures significantly improved the soil- fertility status and it was pronounced by the dhaincha incorporation by increasing organic carbon content, available soil N, P and K at post-harvest stage.
Effect of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae and phosphate- solubilizing bacteria on growth, yield and phosphorus uptake by wheat (%ticum aestivum) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum)
Authors: P.K. MUKHMJEE  , R.K. RAI
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during 1997-98 and 1998-99 to study the effect of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) on growth, yield and phosphorus uptake by wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Application of phosphorus did exhibit perceptible influence on yield of the crops. Both biofertilizer and phosphorus nutrition interaction showed significant influence on growth and phosphorus uptake by wheat and chickpea compared with either of the components applied separately. Among the biofertilizers, Pseudomonas striata registered the highest grain yield in both crops at both levels of phosphorus, closely followed by Glomus fasciculatum. Among the VAM fungi, Glomus fasciculatum had positive influence on yield and phosphorus uptake whereas it was lacking in Glomus macrocarpum.
Polythene film mulch technology for yield maximization in summer groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)
Authors: D.K. KATHMALE  , M.S. KAMBLE  , S.V. KHADTARE  , R.C. PATlL
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during the post-rainy (summer) season of 1998 and 1999 to study the response of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) variety ICGS 11 to various layouts and mulches, specially polythene film mulch (PMG). Groundnut yield was not influenced significantly due to different layouts, viz. broad-bed furrow (BBF) and flat bed, however numerically higher pod yield was , recorded with BBF. Growth, yield and yield-attributing characters of groundnut were increased significantly due to straw mulch as well as polythene mulched groundnut. The polythene mulched groundnut recorded significantly higher pod yield (4,061 kg/ha), haulm yield (7,274 kg1ha)-and kernel yield (2,930 kg/ha) over straw mulch and no mulch groundnut. Under polythene mulch dry pod yield, haulm yield and kernel yield were 19.76%, 4.82% and 21.13% higher over straw mulch groundnut and 41.9%, 13.9% and 44.6% higher over no mulch groundnut. Besides yield increase, polythene mulched groundnut enhanced the pod maturity by 8 days as compared to control.
Impact of integrated mixed farming system in coconut (Cocos nucifera) garden on coconut yield and economic analysis
Authors: R. H.P. MAHESWARAPPA  , M.R. HEGDE  , DHANAPAL  , C.V. SAIRAM  , T.VIDHAN SlNGH P
Published: December 2023

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of integrated mixed farming system in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) garden on coconut yield and economics. With mixed farming there was an increase in the nutrition status of coconut and nut yield over the years. The economic analysis of this system for the period, 1989 90 to 1997 98, realized a net return between Rs 49,700 and Rs 126,900. The cash flow analysis performed using a discount rate of 14% realized the benefit I cost of 1.36, the net present worth of the system was Rs 286,500, the internal rate of retum was 27.44% and the pay back period was 5 years.
Effect of seed pelleting with diammonium phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate and foliar spray with diammonium phosphate on growth and yield of rainfed cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) ,
Authors: P. . A S U R A M A N
Published: December 2023

An experiment was conducted during 1995 and 1996 to study the influence of seed pelleting with diammonium phosphate (DAP) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH,PO,) in comparison with DAP spray in rainfed Paiyur 1 cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] under North Western Agroclimatic Zone of Tamil . Nadu. Soil application of recommended inorganic fertilizers (RIF) 2% DAP spray twice (first at flowering and second at 15 days after first spray) showed the highest plant height. Branches and podslplant, seedslpod, 100 seed weight, dry matter production, seed yield, net income and benefit : cost ratio. Seed pelleting with DAP and KH,PO, did not influence the above said parameters appreciably.
Effect of nitrogen application on juice quality and sugar yield in sugarcane varieties
Authors: D.P. SINGH  , N.S. RANA  , SANDEEP KUMAR
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted at Lakhaoti during 1993 94 and 1994 95 to assess the impact of nitrogen levels (0,60, 120, and 180 kglha) on juice quality . and sugar yield of some promising sugarcane genotypes ( Co 11 48 , CoS 767, CoS 687 and CoJ 64 ) planted in spring season. Genotypes differed significantly in terms of per cent extraction brix, sucrose, purity, available sugars, reducing sugars, millable canes, cane yield, and commercial cane sugar (CCS) yield. CoJ 64 had the best quality, followed by CoJ 687 , Co 1148 and CoS 767 . However, the highest sugar yield was recorded with Co 1148 . Nitrogen had an adverse effect on juice quality attributes. The highest commercial cane sugar yield was obtained with 120 kg Nlha and it declined by 8.2% with further higher dose of 180 kglha.
Weed dynamics, nutrient uptake and yield in Indian mustard ( rassica juncea) weed ecosystem as influenced by nitrogen levels, planting geometry and herbicides
Authors: J.S. MISHRA  , S.P. KURCHANI
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted at Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, during the winter seasons of 1996 97 and 1997 98, to find out the effect of nitrogen, planting geometry and herbicides on weed dynamics, yield and nutrient uptake in Indian mustard [Brassica juneea (L.) Czernj. Cosson]. Treatments comprised combinations of 4 N levels (0,40,80 and 120 kglha) and 2 planting geometry (uni and bi direction) in main plots, 2 herbicides, viz. lsoproturon 1.0 kg and Oxadiazon 0.75 kglha, as pre emergence were compared with hand weeding 30 days after sowing and weedy check in subplots. Weed population declined, whereas weed dry matter increased with advancement in age of the crop. Increasing levels of nitrogen and change in planting geometry did not influence the weed population, whereas weed dry matter at harvest declined significantly at 120 kg Nlhg compared with no nitrogen application. Seed yield and nutrient uptake also increased significantly at 120 kg Nlha. Both the herbicides significantly increased the nutrient uptake by checking the weed growth compared to weedy check. lsoproturon being at par to oxadiazon resulted in the highest seed yield. Application of 120 kg Nlhg and lsoproturon gave the highest net return and benefit : cost ratio.
Effect of pre emergence herbicides on weed control in soybean (Glycine rnax)
Authors: M.L. KEWAT  , JITENDRA PANDEY
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, during the rainy seasons of 1995 and 1996, to evaluate the effect of , pre emergence herbicides on weed control in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. All weed control treatments reduced the weed biomass and population of all the weeds except Cyperus rotundus L. and Convolvulus arvensis L. Pre emergence application of Metribuzin at low dose (0.5 kglha) lowered the weed population and weed biomass than that of pendimethalin (1.0 and 1.5 kgfha) and it was as good as 2 hand weedings done 20 and 40 days after sowing. But application of . Metribuzin at higher dose (0.75 kglha) had a little phytotoxic effect on soybean seedlings. The former registered the maximum seed yield (23.42 qfha), net monetary return (Rs 9,590lha) and benefit :cost ratio (2.22) among all the weed control treatments. Weed control treatments proved more remunerative than weedy check.
Effect of rainy season (crops on production potential of succeeding wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: B.S. KUNIPAWAT
Published: December 2023

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Influence of irrigation on yield and moisture utilization of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)
Authors: M. TAHA  , J.M.L. GULATI
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during 1994 97 on clay loam soil of medium land with winter groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The pod yield increased with increasing irrigation water : cumulative pan evaporation (IW : CPE) and the maximum yield of 22.4 qlha was obtained at 1.4 lW : CPE with 52.5 cm evapotranspiration (ET), 76.1 cm water requirement (WR) and 42.8 kglhalcm crop water use efficiency (CMUE). It required 12 irrigations of 6 cm depth each with ET:Pan E ratio of 0.87. Most of the ancillary characters, however, showed increasing trend up to 1.2 IW:CPE which also gave pod yield (21.91 qlha) at par with that of 1.4 IW:CPE. The value of ET, WR, run off and percolation at 1.2 IW:CPE were 46.95, 65.39, 3.25 and 21.39 cm respectively. The crop water use efficiency and field water use efficiency were computed to be 46.69 and 33.81 kg/ halcm respectively with ET:Pan E value of 0.78 at this moisture regime.
Weed management in Brassica species
Authors: HARPHOOL SINGH  , B.P. SlNGH  , HANUMAN PRASAD
Published: December 2023

4 A field study on weed management in Brassica species was carried out during 1995 96 and 1996 97. The Brassica species did not influence the weed intensity and their dry matter in any season of the experiment but weed management treatments decreased the weed population and dry weight and consequently increased the weed control efficiency, yield attributes, seed yield and mean net returns over weedy check. During both years .the maximum seed yield (1,705 and 1,945 kglha) was iecorded in weed free, followed by 2 manual weedings at 25 and 45 days after sowing (1,593 and 1,792 kglha) which was found most effective in controlling the weeds compared with other treatments. . Among the herbicides, pre emergence application of pendimethalin Q 1.0 kg a.i.1 ha recorded higher seed yield and found best substitute of repeated manual weeding where the labour costs are too high.
Energetics, yield, water use and economics of rice (Oryza sativa) based cropping system in flood prone situation of eastern Uttar Pradesh
Authors: G. SINGH  , R.K. MEHTA  , R.V. SINGH
Published: December 2023

Received : January 2001 A field experiment was conducted during 1996 99 at Ghaghraghat, Bahraich, to study the energy requirement, yield, water use and economics of 7 rice (Oryza sativa L.) based cropping systems in flood prone areas. Rice lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) maize (Zea mays L.) fodder cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] system gave significantly highest rice equivalent yield (95.82 qlha), water use efficiency (83.83 kg graintha cm), net profit (Rs 30,2491 , ha), benefit : cost ratio (3.35) and production efficiency (Rs 75.02ldaylha) compared with rest of cropping sequences. Rice wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori Paol.) maize cowpea (F) sequence ranked second with regards to net profit, rice equivalent, water use efficiency and production efficiency. Rice pea (Pisum sativum L., s.1) maize cowpea (F) system gave the highest energy input (38.02 MJ x 1O31ha) while the highest energy output (907.75 MJ x 103/ha) and energy use efficiency (29.52) were obtained in rice Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. Cossonl maize cowpea (F) sequence. Land utilization efficiency was the maximum (91.78%) in rice linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) maize cowpea (F), followed by rice lentil maize cowpea (F) system (90.41%).
Productivity and economics of different maize (Zea mays) based crop sequences under dryland conditions
Authors: J.S. JAMWAL
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during 1993 97 at Rakh Dhiansar, Bari Brahamana, Jammu, to study the productivity and economics of diffferent maize (Zea mays L.) based cropping systems. Among the cropping sequences tried, the productivity and net returns were the highest in maize wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori Paol.) sequence, followed by green fodder toria [Brassica campestris L. ssp. oleifera (metzger) sinsk. var. toria] gobhi sarson (B. napus L. ssp. oleifera DC. var annua L.). Maize toria wheat and greengram (Phaseolus radiatus L.) toria wheat achieved the highest land utilization ,. . efficiency. However, the production efficiency was the highest in green fodder toria gobhi sarson sequence, followed by maize wheat sequence.
Effect of irrigation on Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) sown on conserved moisture
Authors: JAGDEV SINGH  , BIKRAM SINGH  , J.S. YADAV
Published: December 2023

Received :January 2001 A field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabr) season of 1995 96 and 1996 97 on loamy sand soil of Regional Research Station, Bawal, to study the response of lndian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj Cosson] to irrigation scheduling. In lndian mustard sown on conserved moisture, application of 2 irrigations, one essentially at initiation of branching (40 days after sowing) and the other either at flowering (60 days after sowing) or pod development stage (1 00 days after sowing) resulted in statistically equal yields to 3 irrigations. Water stress during initiation of branching through pod development stage caused 28% reduction in yield, while stress throughout crop season reduced yield by 35% as compared to no water stress. The mean net returns were maxi mum (Rs 14,986lha) when 2 irrigations were applied at initiation of branching and flowering stages. The benefit :cost ratio in this treatment (2.56) was statistically at par with the maximum value of 2.59 obtained with irrigation applied at initiation of branching. The increasing number of irrigations increased the consumptive use of water but decreased the water use efficiency.
Growth and yield of Brassica species as influenced by sulphur application and sowing dates
Authors: RAJENDER KUMAR  , DALlP SlNGH  , HARMEET SINGH
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during winter (rabr) seasons of 1998 99 and 1999 2000 at Ludhiana, to study the response of Brassica species to sulphur application under different dates of sowing. The crop sown on 15 November gave 14.61 and 17.53 qlha seed yield in 1998 99 and 1999 2000, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of 10 December sown crop. Application of 25 kg Slha resulted in significant increase in yield attributes, seed and oil yield of Brassica species during 1998 99. However, seed and oil yields of 6. species increased significantly with S application up to 50 kglha during 1999 2000. Interaction effects between sowing dates and Brassica species revealed that under delayed sowing on 10 December, B. carinata A. Braun gave significantly higher seed as well as oil yield as compared to B, napus L. during 1999 2000. The seed and oil yield of 15 November sown crop increased significantly up to 50 kg Slha, whereas the response of 10 Decembe sown crop was obtained only up to 25 kg Slha.
Performance of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) under different cropping systems
Authors: A.K. TRIPATHI  , K.S. RATHI
Published: December 2023

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On Extended Transformation Formulae Associated to the k-Hypergeometric Function
Authors: Ahmad Nafis
Published: December 2023

Recently the second order homogeneous k-hypergeometric differential equation and the definition of the function  as its solution at the origin have been presented. Motivated by the current research work in the study of k-hypergeometric functions, our aim is to establish certain extended transformation formulae related to the  k-hypergeometric function with the Euler's identity for  Gauss hypergeometric function as a special case.
Effects of Different Levels of Soybean Bioactive Peptides and Vitamin E on Performance, Egg Quality, and Serum Metabolites of Laying Hens
Authors: Sa’adoon Waleed , Abbas Rabia
Published: December 2023

An experiment was carried out to find out how laying hen performance, egg quality, and serum metabolites were affected by adding soybean bioactive peptide (SBP) and vitamin E to their diet. Ninety Lohmann Extra hens that were 45 weeks old were divided into five groups at random. Each group consisted of three replicates, each with six birds. The dietary treatments included 250 mg/kg of vitamin E added to the baseline diet, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 g/kg of diet for the SBP groups, and the basal diet as the control. The findings demonstrated that egg production rate and egg weight significantly increased with SBP supplementation (P≤0.05). While there were no appreciable changes between the vitamin E-treated groups and the control group, there was a noticeable difference in feed efficiency between the SBP groups and the control group. Peptides-supplemented groups showed a definite advantage in terms of egg quality attributes, as evidenced by the weights of egg components, yolk index, and albumin index. The SBP supplement also resulted in an increase in glutathione peroxides (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Additionally, compared to the positive control treatment (adding vitamin E), there was a substantial (P≥0.05) drop in the cholesterol levels in the yolk among the groups supplemented with peptides. The group that got an excessive amount of soybean peptide (5 g/kg) had the highest serum total antioxidant activity. The findings concluded that adding SBP to the diets can enhance egg quality and production while also influencing the hens' serum's total antioxidant activity during the laying phase.
Transforming the Financial Ecosystem: The Synergy of FinTech, RegTech, and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Nasser Jaradat  , Imad Al Zeer  , Ahmad Areiqat
Published: December 2023

This paper explores how Financial Technologies (FinTech), Regulatory Technologies (RegTech), and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are changing the financial world. We aim to make these complex topics clear and engaging, using everyday language and avoiding jargon. Our study looks closely at recent research and real-life examples, like how mobile banking apps have revolutionized personal finance and how AI is used in fraud detection. We also focus on these technologies' critical ethical issues, such as data privacy concerns, the risk of biased algorithms, and how they might affect financial equality. By examining both the benefits and challenges, including these ethical aspects, our paper provides insights and recommendations for future research and discussion. The goal is to contribute meaningfully to the evolving conversation about technology's role in finance, making it understandable and relevant to a broad audience.
The Relationship Between The Physical Environment and Quality of Life for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Haerani Haerani , Amiruddin Ridwan , Ansariadi Ansariadi , Arsin A. Arsunan , Suriah Suriah , Seweng Arifin , Zaenab Zaenab
Published: December 2023

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease with a high mortality rate and can affect a person's quality of life. One of the factors determining the quality of life is the physical environment, such as temperature, humidity, lighting, noise, and PM2,5. Objective: To determine the relationship between the physical environment and the quality of life of type 2 DM patients at the Barombong Community Health Center, Makassar City. Materials and Methods: This research uses a study design case-control with purposive sampling. Interviews were conducted with the WHOQol questionnaire and measuring the physical environment in 138 patients with type 2 diabetes then analyzed with the odd ratio test and logistic regression on the Stata application. Results: The results obtained showed a non-significant relationship for the variables humidity, lighting and PM2,5 on the quality of life of type 2 DM patients due to value-p > 0.05 while the variables related to the quality of life of type 2 DM patients are house temperature (OR=4.833; 95% CI: 2.121-11.481) and noise (OR=4.723; 95% CI: 2.075-10.895) with a probability of type 2 DM with unqualified temperature and noise having a poor quality of life of 73.9%. Conclusion: The most significant factor that affects the quality of life of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus is their home temperature.
Perception of Green Facility Management
Authors: Ruda Aleš
Published: December 2023

The paper aims to identify the attitudes and opinions of selected types of actors regarding green facility management and its practice. This objective is fulfilled by developing a questionnaire survey among selected groups of actors. Understanding the views and attitudes of actors can inform strategic green facility management, the development of an appropriate regulatory and methodological framework and decision-making processes at different levels.
Anemia en el Anciano, Enfoque Práctico
Authors: Bedoya Nataly , Saldaña Javier , Cagua Lina
Published: December 2023

La anemia es un hallazgo común dentro de las múltiples patologías que se presentan a en el anciano con una alta prevalencia. Es menester del clínico dado, el cambio generacional y el aumento de la población de la ter-cera edad, conocer y diagnosticar estos cambios patológicos que puedan tener un impacto en el desempeño funcional y en su calidad de vida, razón por la cual se expone la presente revisión.
Modelo matemático para la propagación de T. Gondii en relación con mujeres gestantes en la ciudad de Neiva
Authors: Falla Arango Jesús David , Roa Polania Jesús Mauricio
Published: December 2023

El Toxoplasma gondii es el causante de la Toxoplasmosis, una de las parasitosis más frecuentes en el mundo. En Colombia la Toxoplasmosis congénita es una infección de muy alta prevalencia, se considera que la mitad de la población colombiana ha tenido contacto con este parasito.25 Igual-mente, en la ciudad de Neiva la prevalencia de esta enfermedad es alta (55,4% para IgG y 10,4% para IgM) comparada con otras ciudades de Colombia, pese a esto, no es considerada como un problema de salud pública, de aquí, el porqué de este estudio.

Se revisaron algunos modelos matemáticos existentes sobre Toxoplasmosis y se determinó que el más adecuado para trabajar estuviera relacionado con gatos y transporte por agua, dado que el estudio estadístico que se realizó a la par con el del modelo matemático, arrojó que tener gatos (p=0,003, OR=9,100) y tomar agua de llave (p=0,000; OR= 4,149) eran los factores de riesgo con mayor relación a adquirir la enfermedad en la ciudad de Neiva.

El modelo matemático utilizado se presenta mediante un sistema en ecuaciones diferenciales parciales que modela la propagación del parasito a través del agua y de los gatos. Es una adaptación de un modelo epidemiológico clásico tipo SIR al que se le ha agrego dispersión de T. gondii y, adicionalmente, un término advectivo que representa el transporte por agua del parasito. Se usó la solución numérica de la ecuación (1) para presentar los respectivos resultados de las simulaciones.
Causas más frecuentes de Hemorragia en Tubo Digestivo Alto de origen no variceal en paciente mayor de 50 años en Colombia
Authors: Melgar Burbano Linda Margarita , Botello Yusunguaira Martha Viviana , Melgar Burbano Christian , Santofimio Sierra Dagoberto , Isaías Hernán
Published: December 2023

La hemorragia originada en las vías digestivas altas no viceal (HVDA no variceal), que se manifiesta por hematemesis, melenas o ambas, es uno de los eventos en medicina que más impactan, particularmente al paciente. Por lo que motiva al consultar a los servicios de urgencias y se constituye en una de las principales causas de la práctica de exámenes endoscópicos, estas técnicas se han modificado con el avance tecnológico y científico fortaleciendo el conocimiento de su etiología y su medicación.  A pesar de los avances importantes en endoscopia, en medicina crítica y en técnicas de transfusiones y cirugía, la mortalidad global continúa alrededor de 7 a 10% y sin modificación en las últimas cuatro décadas. Posibles causas de ello, son el aumento del número de casos de hemorragia por úlcera en pacientes mayores de 60 años, un mayor consumo de AINES. Fundamentados en investigaciones de grupos de pacientes mayores de 50 años basándose en las palabras claves sangrado vía digestiva, endoscopia, adulto mayor. Con la ayuda de buscadores como ClinicalKey y PubMed se encontraron artículos de Gastroenterology, Geriatryc, Scielo de los años 2000 a 2017 posteriormente se creó una tabla de análisis y síntesis para la organización de la información para identificar los hallazgos comunes y contrastar los resultados de varios estudios e identificar las causas, medicamentos y edad y genero con mayor frecuencia.
COMPARISON OF PRECEDENT PHENOMENA AS A MEANS OF TRANSMITTING CULTURAL INFORMATION IN LITERARY TEXTS OF SOVIET AND AMERICAN LITERATURE
Authors: Турчанинова Наталия
Published: December 2023

Современные прогрессирующие глобализационные процессы, стирание границ между странами и нестабильный геополитический климат в мире обусловливают повышенный интерес представителей разных национальностей друг к другу, что, несомненно, приводит к диалогу культур. Язык, как кладезь знаний о народе, способен отображать национальные особенности, национальную картину мира того или иного лингвокультурного сообщества. Язык также имеет свойство формировать образы одних народов в языковом сознании других. Создание и отображение образа чужого народа в сознании другого народа осуществляется за счет национально маркированных элементов языка. К таким элементам можно отнести прецедентные феномены, которые фиксируют, сохраняют и отображают этнонациональные черты и особенности того или другого народа. В нашем исследовании мы рассмотрим и сравним употребление и функционирование прецедентных феноменов испанской культуры в романах «Испанский дневник» М. Кольцова и «For whom the bell tolls» Э. Хемингуэя в период пребывания их в революционной Испании.
ANTROPONYM TRANSFORMATION IN THE LINGUISTIC ASPECT
Authors: Иванова Людмила
Published: December 2023

Статья посвящена анализу путей перехода антропонимов в этнонимы. Необходимое промежуточное звено данного процесса – коннотонимизация и символизация. Материалом для анализа послужил «Словарь коннотативных собственных имен» Е.С. Отина. По нашим данным, этнонимами стали русский Иван (Иванов, Иван Иванович, Иванов – Петров – Сидоров), английские Джон (Джон Буль), немецкие герман, фриц, в жаргонах – Карапет, Мамай, Мамед, Осман, Хачик. Жаргонные этнонимы сформировались сравнительно недавно, то есть определенную роль играет хронологический фактор. Последний очень важен и для немецких этнонимов: герман функционировал во время Первой мировой войны, фриц — во Второй мировой войне. Все этнонимы подверглись морфологическому, в определенной степени – графическому освоению. Особенно ярко графическая неопределенность проявляется в жаргонных этнонимах: поскольку жаргон функционирует преимущественно в устной форме, единообразие в написании сохранить трудно. Изучение процесса этнонимизации в соединении с процессом стереотипизации и символизации представляет несомненный научный интерес в сфере лингвоимагологии, лингвокультурологии, этнопсихолингвистики, а также лексикологии.
Sunflower hybrid “Linzi” and its agronomic response to the main soil tillage systems in the region of South Dobrudzha
Authors:   Aricultural Academy, Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute - General Toshevo, Nenova Nina , Nankova Margarita ,   Aricultural Academy, Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute - General Toshevo
Published: December 2023

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus – hybrid “Linzi”) yield obtained under different main soil tillage systems in 4-field crop rotation (common bean-wheat-sunflower-grain maize), is strongly influenced by the properties of the slightly leached chernozems the (Haplic Chernozems) and the climatic conditions. This study was carried out at the stationary field trial of Dobrudzha Agricultural InstituteGeneral Toshevo from 2016 to 2018. The influence of seven main soil tillage systems (MSTS) on the yield and the physical properties of sunflower seeds were investigated. The aim of this study was to trace the influence of different types of main soil tillage on seed yield, oil content and seed physical properties of sunflower hybrid ”Linzi”. Regardless of the meteorological conditions during the studied period, the main tillage systems are a powerful agrotechnical tool for managing sunflower productivity in all its aspects. The yield of seeds and kernels of hybrid ”Linzi”, as well as that of their oil content, is highest in years with a relatively favorable distribution of precipitation during the growing season. For the region of haplic Chernozems in Dobrudzha, the most effective systems for sunflower are the systems including the mould board plough of the soil. The best results were obtained when, in the 4-field crop rotation against wheat, deep tillage was replaced by Disking or No-till. The obtained oil yields are respectively: 2420.10 kg/ha (Plowing- -Disking); 2280.80 kg/ha (Plowing-No-till) 2244.70 kg/ha (Plowing-Plowing). The largest seeds were obtained in the under permanent shallow treatment against all crops in crop rotation - 62.66 g (Disking-Disking). The best results for the hectoliter weight were obtained in the two deep treatments with and without turning/inversion of the cultivated layer. However, the heaviest seeds were obtained when deep plowing is interrupted with direct seeding or disking, respectively. The positive correlation with the production of husks and kernels is strongly expressed. Averaged over the period, the correlation between the yield of seeds and that of husks has lower values compared to each of the years.
Heterosis and combining ability in intraspecific (G. hirsutum L.) and interspecific (G. hirsutum L. × G. barbadense L.) cotton hybrids
Authors:   Agricultural Academy, Field Crops Institute - Chirpan, Bulgaria, Dimitrova Valentina , Koleva Minka ,   Agricultural Academy, Field Crops Institute - Chirpan, Bulgaria, Valkova Neli ,   Agricultural Academy, Field Crops Institute - Chirpan, Bulgaria
Published: December 2023

The inheritance of most important economic characters, heterosis and combining ability were studied in six interspecific (G. hirsutum L. × G. barbadnese L.) and three intraspecific hybrid combinations. There were found different types of inheritance of productivity, boll weight and lint percentage and fiber length in the individual crosses. The genetic variance for productivity and fiber length was mainly non-additive, while for lint percentage it was additive. Although non-additive genetic variance prevailed for productivity and fiber length, only individual crosses showed positive heterosis, outperforming the better parent. Of the female forms, the cultivar Helius was identified as a very good general combiner for productivity. From the male forms the cultivar Ashkabat emerged as a very good general combiner for productivity, boll weight and lint percentage. The cultivars Mytra (female), Karshinski-2 and C-6037 (male) were determined as very good general combiners for fiber length. All these cultivars, with the exception of C-6037, had low SCA variances, their high GCA was mainly due to additive gene effects, and they were very suitable for synthetic selection. The cross Helius × Ashkabat was found to be most valuable for the selection of productivity because of the highest mean performance and the highest level of heterosis with high SCA effects. All intraspecific hybrids were found to be most promising for improving lint percentage. The interspecific cross combinations Mytra × C-6037, Helius × C-6037 and Mytra × Karshinski-2, having the longest fibers, the first two with high SCA effects were most valuable for fiber length improvement.
Lavender essential oil - properties and uses
Authors:   University of Forestry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sofia, Bulgaria, Mladenova Anelia
Published: December 2023

Lavender oil is a potential natural source of raw material for the pharmaceutical industry. It has many beneficial effects on the body – antioxidant, antimicrobial, antitumor, antimycotic, soothing, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, etc. Its application is promising in the future, in view of the development of resistance of most pathogens to conventional drugs.