bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Establishment of the Institution of the Chief Executive of a Constituent Entity of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Degree-Seeking Student of the Law Faculty of the Lomonosov Moscow State University, PhD (Law), Mitusova Inna A.
Published: January 2025

n the process of formation and development of the Russian federal and democratic state, the creation of new state institutions,
the formation of the institution of the head of executive power in the subjects of the Russian Federation occupies a special position. Due to the fact that it is the head of the region who heads, forms and controls the executive power of the subject of the Russian Federation, it is on him that the execution and implementation of the legislation of the subjects, as well as its legal protection, depend.
At the same time, the relationship between the head of the region and other government bodies is an organic component of the mechanism of relations between the federal and regional authorities.
Directions for the Development of Customer Centricity in the Organizational System and the Provision of Services Based on the Centralized Management Model of “My Documents” Offices
Authors:   ssociate Professor of the Department of Theory of Law and Administrative and Legal Disciplines of the Ryazan State University named for S. Yesenin, PhD (History), Trykanova Svetlana A.
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the study and analysis of the development of client-centricity in the system of organization and provision of services based on the centralized office management model "My Documents". The article examines the effectiveness and advantages of a client-centric approach to the provision of public services, in particular, through the “My Documents” centers. The author presents the results of the study based on the collected data and analysis of existing methods for managing My Documents offices, as well as on practical experience in implementing centralized models for the provision of public services. The article touches on the issues of optimizing service delivery processes, emphasizing the importance of meeting customer needs and improving the quality of service. The final part of the article discusses recommendations for developing client-centricity in the “My Documents” system, taking into account the latest technologies and management methods.
VIR potato doublet collection, its significance for breeding
Authors: Travina S. N.
Published: January 2025

Relevance and research material. In 2023, it was 100 years since the beginning of the collection, study and preservation of the world doublet collection of potatoes (UNU, registration USU_505851) at the Polar Experimental Station of the VIR branch. This is one of the oldest and unique potato collections, the preservation of which is carried out in the field. The first potato samples began to enter the collection in 1923. Now the potato doublet collection has 3200 samples. It includes breeding varieties, hybrids, cultivated South American potato species Solanum andigenum Juz. et Buk, Solanum chilotanum Hawkes.

Results. The collection is a unique genetic material that is of high importance in solving issues of improving the efficiency of agriculture in the country. As part of the field collection of potatoes, the source material for dangerous quarantine objects is quite widely presented: potato cancer (Synchytrium endobioticum (Schilb.) Persiva) and globoderosis (Globodera rostochiensis Woll.). There are donors of late blight resistance (Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary.). There is a source material in the collection that has economically valuable characteristics: precocity, frost resistance, yield, marketability. Varieties with a high amount of phenolic compounds in the tuber pulp are also included in the field doublet collection. Such varieties are suitable for dietary nutrition and can be used in the prevention of a number of diseases.

Conclusion. The collection of the collection is of great importance for applied research and for ensuring food security of the region and the country as a whole.
Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Altai region
Authors: Zharkova S. V. , Filippova A. S.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. Strengthening Russia's food security is one of the most important tasks and the main goal of agricultural producers and scientists in our country. The introduction of new or insufficiently mastered agricultural crops into the production process, which contributes to the fulfillment of the tasks set by the Government of the Russian Federation, the use of high-yielding varieties adapted to the conditions of cultivation, the intensification of agrotechnologies or their elements – these are currently relevant and feasible tasks.

Materials and Methods. In 2021-2022, 9 varieties of common beans and 3 local forms of the foothill region of the Altai Territory were studied at the educational and experimental field of the Altai State Agrarian University: reaction and responsiveness to the conditions of the Ob zone of the Altai Territory.

Results. Currently, common beans in the Siberian region are of interest not only to amateur gardeners, but also to manufacturers. Our research made it possible to select the most adapted varieties of common beans to the conditions of the Priobskaya zone of the Altai Territory. The different responsiveness of varietal samples to the conditions of the zone was revealed. Technical maturity was noted in all varieties in the experiment. The average yield obtained from the experiment was 1.09 t/ha. A significant excess of the standard yield – 1.56 t/ha was obtained from the Mf1 variety – 1.82 t/ha. The yield was reliably obtained at the standard level for the varieties: Businka – 1.37 t/ha, Zebra – 1.44 t/ha and Mf2 – 1.58 t/ha. The yield of varieties under the conditions of the experiment is obtained below, presented by the originators when describing the varieties. The mass of 1000 grains varied significantly in the experiment. Mf1 (436.2 g) and Mf2 (394.2 g) received excess weight of 1000 grains from the standard (318.7 g).

Conclusion. Based on the data obtained, three varieties were identified as effective for further production and scientific work: Sirenevaya, Zebra, Businka and two local forms: Mf1 and Mf2.
Testing of the new technology «TOR» on vegetable legum crops varieties by the FSBSI FSVC breeding the Arctic Circle
Authors: Kaigorodova I. M. , Kozar E. G. , Ushakov V. A. , Romanenko T. M. , Filippova A. B. , Anisimov M. S. , Galkina E. A. , Kuzmina I. V.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. In the harsh climate of the Arctic, where the warm season with a maximum average daily temperature above 10 °C lasts only three months, scientists in the crop industry are conducting tests and creating unique varieties of crops that will be able to provide the northern regions with fresh and vitamin-rich vegetable products.

Materials and Methods. In the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, at the Naryan-Mar Experimental Agricultural Station, an innovative technology for priming seeds of vegetable legumes with electromagnetic exposure developed by JSC «Concern GRANIT» with the «TOR» device was tested on domestic varieties of Pisum sativum L. и Vicia Faba L. selected by the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center (FSBSI FSVС).

Results. The tested varieties of vegetable legumes beyond the Arctic Circle were able to fully realize their productive potential, and the results of observations of the growth and development of crops confirmed the presence of favorable conditions for the selected crops. The quality of vegetable products and the obtained seeds of vegetable legumes in the Arctic in 2024 turned out to be higher than in the Moscow region due to a lower phytopathogenic load. Electromagnetic priming with the «TOR» device made it possible to obtain, in the conditions of the Far North, the productivity of green peas in responsive varieties and seed productivity in beans – by 3-16% and 12-35%, respectively, more than in control. Thanks to the use of the «TOR» device, acceleration of ripening, an increase in yield and product quality are noted, which is especially important in the conditions of a short growing season. Thus, favorable conditions and competitive opportunities for agriculture in the geographical location of the Russian North provide good opportunities to produce organic products in ecologically clean areas, which will be competitive not only in the regional, but also in the national and international food markets.
Figuraciones de lo precario en el pensamiento de Achille Mbembe sobre la imaginación política y la construcción de un sentido de lo común
Authors: Goumegou Susanne
Published: January 2025

Este artículo explora cómo Achille Mbembe utiliza un amplio conjunto de formas terminológicas para abordar el tipo de condiciones sociales y escenarios históricos que resuenan fuertemente con una comprensión amplia de lo precario. Para lo cual, primero, esbozaremos las ideas epistemológicas o metodológicas que pueden derivarse del trabajo de Mbembe sobre las figuraciones de lo precario. Luego, tomaremos distancia del pensamiento del camerunés y buscaremos otras formas en que lo precario podría contribuir a la construcción de un sentido de lo común, que contrarreste la descripción distópica del africano de un devenir-nègre du monde, a través de privilegiar las relaciones basadas en la afectividad y la proximidad (Lauren Berlant; Brett Neilson y Ned Rossiter).
Escribir lo vegetal en la poesía hispanoamericana contemporánea
Authors: Parra Triana Clara María
Published: January 2025

Propongo una reflexión sobre algunas manifestaciones de la fitopoesía hispanoamericana contemporánea en las que lo vegetal es escrito mediante un “ventriloquismo discursivo” (Nascimento 2023) que persigue el máximo respeto de la exploración por el otro vegetal evitando el sentido translaticio de significados. El objetivo del artículo es continuar con lo que Evando Nascimento planteó en El pensamiento vegetal como una forma de leer la poesía (en portugués), ahora reparando en un breve corpus de poesía hispanoamericana que rehúsa el humanismo y explora en otros modos de relacionamiento con lo vegetal mediante la palabra poética.
Mythes forestiers. Propos d'un forestier iconoclaste
Authors: Le Reboussier
Published: January 2025

Pas de résumé
Optimizing therapeutic approaches for HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer: clinical perspectives on biomarkers and treatment strategies post-CDK4/6 inhibitor progression
Authors: Cejalvo Andújar Juan Miguel , Ayala de la Peña Francisco , Margeli Vila Mireia , Pascual Javier , Tolosa Pablo , Pages Cristina , Cuenca Mónica , Guerrero Zotano Ángel
Published: January 2025

This review offers an expert perspective on biomarkers, CDK4/6 inhibitor efficacy, and therapeutic approaches for managing hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor-negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer (ABC), particularly after CDK4/6 inhibitor progression. Key trials have demonstrated that combining CDK4/6 inhibitors with endocrine therapy (ET) significantly improves progression-free survival (PFS), with median durations ranging from 14.8 to 26.7 months, and overall survival (OS), with median durations reaching up to 53.7 months. Actionable biomarkers, such as PIK3CA and ESR1 mutations, have emerged as pivotal tools to guide second-line treatment decisions, enabling the use of targeted therapies like alpelisib and elacestrant and emphasizing the important role of biomarkers in guiding the selection of therapy. This overview aims to provide clinicians with a practical and up-to-date framework to inform treatment decisions and improve patient care in the context of this challenging disease. Additionally, we review emerging biomarkers and novel treatment strategies to address this difficult clinical landscape.
Promoted de-solvation effect and dendrite-free Zn deposition enabled by in-situ formed interphase layer for high-performance zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Song Binxin , Lu Qiongqiong , Wang Xinyu , Xiong Peixun
Published: January 2025

The use of aqueous electrolytes and Zn metal anodes in Zn-based energy storage systems provides several benefits, including competitive energy density, excellent safety, and low cost. However, Zn dendrites growth and slow ion transfer at the electrode/electrolyte interphase reduce the cycle stability and rate capability of the Zn anode. Herein, the V2O5-x interface layer was rationally and controllably constructed on the Zn surface through in situ spontaneous redox reaction between V2O5 and the Zn anode. The V2O5-x interface layer, with an optimized thickness, plays a crucial role in ion screening and de-solvation, leading to a uniform dispersion of Zn2+ ions and dendrite-free morphology. Moreover, as Zn2+ transports through the V2O5-x interface layer, the V element in a low-valence state allows the oxygen anions to bind more easily with Zn2+. This interaction enables a fast Zn2+ diffusion channel in the interfacial layer. Consequently, symmetric cells with V@Zn anodes achieve stable plating/stripping for more than 1400 h at 1 mA cm-2. In particular, the full cell paired with a V2O5 cathode exhibits a capacity of nearly 275.9 mA h g-1 at 5 A g-1 after 2500 cycles without obvious capacity deterioration, further highlighting the potential for practical applications.
Arquitectura y diseño, un reflejo del contexto climático y paisajístico = Architecture and design as reflection of climate and landscape context
Authors: Navarro Martínez Hector , Fernández García-Badell Guillermo
Published: January 2025

ResumenEl contexto climático y paisajístico es esencial para estudiar las raíces de cualquier sociedad y su identidad cultural. En la génesis de las primeras sociedades, su relación con el entorno natural definió las bases de su idiosincrasia y religión, todo ello reflejado en sus manifestaciones artísticas. A través de un análisis de base antropológica, aplicado al caso del mediterráneo, se estudiarán las consecuencias de del clima y el paisaje. La Europa clásica, con sociedades como la romana y la griega, evolucionaron a lo largo del tiempo partiendo de condiciones climatológicas cercanas a las regiones monzónicas, sin embargo terminó importando una religión del desierto. Este tema es básico para poder hacer una lectura de sus manifestaciones artísticas posteriores entendiendo su origen estrechamente ligado a su contexto natural. El Panteón de Roma servirá como estudio de caso para analizarlo desde una nueva perspectiva recogiendo todas las variables previamente estudiadas.  AbstractClimate and landscape context is essential to study the roots of any society and its cultural identity. In the genesis of the first societies, their relationship with the natural environment defined the bases of its idiosyncrasy and religion, all reflected in its art. Through an anthropological analysis based on monsoon and desert climate contexts, the impact of weather conditions and the landscape will be studied in order to apply it to the Mediterranean case. During the Classical Europe period, Romans and Greeks evolved over time based on weather conditions closer to the monsoon regions and ended up importing a religion of the desert. This topic is basic to analyse later artistic examples and the origin closely linked to their natural context. The Pantheon will serve as a study case to analyze it from a new perspective by collecting all the variables previously studied.
A Modest Contribution to the Riemann Hypothesis Using the Poincaré Index
Authors: Oliveira Hime
Published: January 2025

This work uses a new approach to investigate the Riemann hypothesis, drawing conclusions about its trueness. It is based on the more general method presented in a very recent publication, by the same author, showing in detail how to approach that very well-known and interesting problem. This is achieved by means of the theory of dynamical systems (Poincaré index associated to equilibria of 2-dimensional systems) and the study of the zeros of the Dirichlet eta function, defined by a Dirichlet series. By using the well-known fact that the zeros of the eta function include all zeros of the Riemann zeta function in the (open) critical strip, excluded the critical line, ((0,1/2) ∪ (1/2,1)) × (−∞,∞), the development proceeds using only the eta function. In addition, the open and simply connected region (1/2,1) × (0,∞) is used along the text, taking into account the symmetries of zeros of the functions under analysis in the critical strip. The basic line of proof is to find the mathematical expression for the Poincaré index of the vector field associated to the eta function, assuming the existence of a zero of the eta function outside the critical line (in (1/2,1) × (0,∞)), and investigating the resulting unfoldings. Eventually, an inconsistency occurs and the proof ends by contradiction.
A Game-Based Scheme for Prime Minister Approval in Korea-Like Presidential Systems
Authors: Cheng Yiping
Published: January 2025

This paper addresses the issue of gridlocks in the approval of prime ministers in semi-presidential countries and presidential countries with prime ministers, focusing on the case of South Korea. A game-based scheme for prime minister approval specifically designed for presidential systems like Korea's is then proposed, along with two supporting provisions. The scheme has an adjustable parameter tentatively set at 3/5 to ensure a balanced system, and it also introduces a new form of cohabitation — hard cohabitation — where the prime minister is not nominated by the president. The supporting provisions aim to cope with two challenges likely to arise from hard cohabitation: potential cabinet instability and difficulties in cooperation between the president and the prime minister. By correcting the misuse of the transition model in a previous version of this paper, we address several issues identified earlier and introduce a mechanism not present in that version: the ability for parliament to replace the prime minister following a parliamentary election. The provisions are now concise, elegant, and rigorous. The reform package proposed here is thus believed to be smooth, fair, and effective, and is strongly hoped to be adopted by South Korea or other similar countries in the future.
A smart baboon -- Ozzie (1974-1991), Amboseli National Park, Kenya, East Africa
Authors: Fagen Robert M.
Published: January 2025

Individual distinctiveness is an element of organic diversity. Curious, inventive individuals are of interest in the study of phenotypic variation and its ecological consequences. This brief biographical sketch highlights one such individual, Ozzie, a yellow baboon (Papio cynocephalus) of Amboseli National Park, Kenya. Researchers from the Amboseli Baboon Research Project observed Ozzie across his lifespan. The first two years of Ozzie's life and of his year-class of baboons in Altoʼs Group were both near-drought years. Demonstrably as yearlings and perhaps also as infants, Ozzie and his peers were nutritionally stressed. Of six primary factors known to influence overall baboon survival in Amboseli, Ozzie was at risk for four and very nearly at risk for a fifth. Ozzie, the most playful member of his year-class, consumed an exceptional variety of food items, investigated inanimate objects, including auto tailpipes and fire, and was known for his curiosity. In most respects, Ozzie's adult life appears to have resembled that of most other Amboseli baboon males. His resilience in the face of multiple risk factors for overall survival is noteworthy, however. He survived to age 16 years, an unusually long lifespan for an adult male Amboseli baboon.
Comparative Analysis of Modified Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network with Gradient Penalty for Synthesizing Agricultural Weed Images
Authors: Rana Shubham
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the application of modified Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Networks with Gradient Penalty (WGAN-GP) to generate synthetic RGB and infrared (IR) datasets for precision agriculture, particularly targeting the detection of Raphanus Raphanistrum (wild radish). Traditional WGAN models face challenges such as vanishing gradients and poor convergence, which hinder their effectiveness in generating high-quality synthetic data. To address these issues, this work proposes modifications that include replacing fully connected layers with convolutional and transposed convolutional layers, combined with batch normalization, to improve the fidelity of generated images and training stability. The experimental results demonstrate that the modified WGAN-GP produces superior synthetic images compared to other GAN variants, especially in maintaining structural similarity for RGB datasets. However, generating high-quality IR images remains challenging due to inherent spectral complexities, with consistently lower SSIM (Structural Similarity Index) scores across models. This study highlights the importance of architectural modifications and auxiliary learning strategies in enhancing GAN performance, especially for complex agricultural datasets. The findings suggest that future work should focus on integrating attention mechanisms and advanced loss functions to further improve model stability and the quality of generated synthetic data. These advancements are vital for the broader adoption of GANs in precision agriculture, enabling enhanced data augmentation for machine learning applications that support effective crop monitoring and management.
Everything I Know About Nothing: A Mathematical Exploration of the Void and its Role in Constructing Mathematics
Authors: Odizilike Kizito Nmesoma
Published: January 2025

This article investigates the concept of "nothing" as the foundational entity in mathematical structures, starting with the concept of the void, as in the beginning (Genesis), there was emptiness (void). By considering the void as a primal entity in mathematics, we show how its existence is central to the construction of the number system/concept of infinity, set theory, and other mathematical concepts such as void's role in topology and logic. Through the careful examination of basic operations, sets, and structures, we demonstrate that "nothing" can give rise to something which, in turn, gives rise to everything. The article concludes with a discussion on the necessity of "nothing" in both mathematical abstraction and practical application.
An Online Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis Scheme for High-Dimensional Stream
Authors: Wang Tao , Guo Yunfei , Zhu Fubo
Published: January 2025

This article proposes a two-stage process monitoring and fault diagnosis scheme for the high-dimensional data stream. In the first stage, we choose the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) statistic to construct the online monitoring statistic, then determine the change point of the data stream based on extreme value theory and multiple hypothesis testing procedures. In the second stage, when the data stream has an abnormal change alarm, it enters an out-of-control state, and we perform a fault diagnosis procedure on the data stream. Specifically, when an abnormal alarm occurs, we further utilize the numerical simulation procedures to detect these components that exhibit anomalies. In addition, to verify the performance of the proposed method, this work also conducts numerical simulations and case studies and compares them with other competitive methods.
Dynamic Load Flow in Modern Power Systems: Renewables, Crypto Mining, and Electric Vehicles
Authors: Gül Ozan
Published: January 2025

The contemporary electric distribution grid landscape witnesses a growing integration of diverse components, including distributed renewable energy sources, electric vehicles (EVs), and Bitcoin mining operations. This integration signals a significant shift in energy management and consumption paradigms. The increased presence of solar and wind power contributes to a diversified and sustainable energy mix, while the incorporation of EVs marks a substantial stride toward sustainable transportation. However, the introduction of Bitcoin mining operations introduces complex dynamics, raising concerns about energy consumption and grid stability. To effectively address these challenges, this study focuses on conducting 24-hour load flow analyses on a power system integrating intermittent renewable sources, Bitcoin mining farms, and EVs, considering the variability in power demand conditions. The analysis explores changes in bus voltage and power factor throughout the day. Notably, the integration of renewable distributed sources maintains voltage-level stability by preserving energy balance. To ensure power factor stability, the study emphasizes the importance of limiting reactive power production from local renewables during high production conditions. The findings underscore the necessity of detecting unfavorable system conditions and implementing necessary safeguards to ensure reliable resource management in the evolving landscape of electric distribution grids.
Fast and Accurate System for Onboard Target Recognition on Raw SAR Echo Data
Authors: Jacinto Gustavo , Véstias Mário , Flores Paulo , Duarte Rui Policarpo
Published: January 2025

Synthetic Aperture Radar provides high-resolution imaging independent of 1 weather conditions. SAR data is acquired by an aircraft or satellite and sent to a ground 2 station to be processed. For novel applications requiring on-time processing for real-time 3 analysis and decisions, onboard processing is necessary to avoid the limited down-link ca- 4 pacity and reduce data analysis latency for real-time decisions. Real-time target recognition 5 from SAR data has emerged as an important task in many areas, like defense and surveil- 6 lance where targets must be identified as fast as possible. The accuracy of target recognition 7 algorithms has improved by applying deep learning models. These are computationally 8 and memory expensive, which requires optimized models and architectures for efficient 9 deployment in onboard computers. This paper presents a fast and accurate target recogni- 10 tion system directly on raw SAR data. The neural network model receives and processes 11 SAR echo data for fast processing, without computationally expensive DSP image genera- 12 tion algorithms such as BackProjection and RangeDoppler. This permits the utilization of 13 simpler and faster models, but still very accurate. The system was designed, optimized, 14 and tested on low-cost embedded devices with low energy requirements, namely a Khadas 15 VIM3 and a Raspberry Pi 5.The solution achieves a target classification accuracy for the 16 Moving and Stationary Target Acquisition and Recognition (MSTAR) dataset close to 100% 17 in less than 1.5 ms and 5.5W of power.
Influence of Climate, Soil, and Topography on the Phenotypic Traits of Juglans neotropica Diels Matrix Trees in Natural and Artificial Populations of the Loja and Zamora-Chinchipe Provinces of Ecuador
Authors: Palacios-Herrera Byron , Pereira-Lorenzo Santiago , Pucha-Cofrep Darwin
Published: January 2025

Zone 7, located in the south of Ecuador, stands out as a megadiverse region due to the combined influence of the distinctive characteristics of the climate, soil, and topography of the Coastal Marine, Andean Sierra, and Eastern Jungle. The research focused on analyzing the impact of climate, soil, and slope on the phenotypic characteristics of the parent trees of J. neotropica populations, both natural and artificial. Six provenances were selected: The Tundo, The Victoria, The Tibio, The Zañe, and The Argelia. It is noteworthy that the latter is a planted forest that has naturalized over time. In the last two decades, a decrease in precipitation, an increase in temperature, relative humidity below 70%, and soil moisture below 60% were observed. Regarding the soil, the physical properties were similar, with mountainous relief and a texture ranging from loam to clay loam to sandy loam, and chemically neutral to slightly acidic. All provenances were found on slopes greater than 45%. Phenology varied by a maximum of one month between provenances in terms of presence, leaf fall, and fruit maturation. The age of the trees varied between provenances, with The Tundo being the oldest at 355 years and The Argelia the youngest at approximately 76 years. The results showed a wide diversity in phenotypic characteristics, ensuring a high adaptability of J. neotropica populations, a key species for the health of mountainous ecosystems.
Additive Manufacturing via Direct Ink Writing of Customized Silicone Foam for Diverse Applications
Authors: Kenrick Tie Weiting , Sim Jia Huey , Tey Jing Yuen , Yeo Wei Hong , Lee Zhi Hua , Ng Law Yong , Bee Soo Tueen , Lee Tin Sin , Abdullah Luqman Chuah
Published: January 2025

Direct ink writing (DIW) enables the additive manufacturing of silicone elastomers, offering an alternative to traditional moulding and casting methods for applications such as healthcare products to machine-human interaction sensors. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) foam, a porous silicone elastomer, is valued for its elasticity, chemical and thermal resistance, hydrophobicity, and biocompatibility. The emulsion templating method is a simple and cost-effective approach to create silicone foams by incorporating and later removing of sacrificial dispersed phase from the PDMS precursor. This study developed glycerol/PDMS emulsion-based inks for DIW using high-shear centrifugal mixing, with ethanol as a solvent to remove the glycerol template, creating silicone foam. An optimal glycerol dosage of 50 parts per hundred rubber (phr) produced foam with 27.63% porosity and pore diameter up to 4.66 µm. Each 10 phr increase in glycerol content raised porosity by 10% and average pore diameter by 2 µm. Both tensile and compressive behaviour inversely correlated with porosity, with a 10% porosity rise in the silicone foam reducing tensile strength by 0.07 MPa and stiffness by 0.02 MPa. Models with strong data alignment were developed to benefit researchers in 3D printing to customize silicone foams (pores properties, mechanical properties, compressive properties) based on specific application requirements.
Quantification of Supply and Demand and Distribution Robust Optimal Scheduling Considering New Energy Power System Flexibility
Authors: Liang Jiaji , Miao Jinniu , Sun Lei , Zhao Liqian , Wu Jingyang , Du Peng , Zhu Benrui , Zhao Wei
Published: January 2025

The increase in the penetration rate of new energy in the power grid has led to a serious lack of flexibility in the power system during certain periods. In order to solve the problem that the existing methods for dealing with power system flexibility and supply and demand uncertainty are too conservative or risky, a data-driven distributed robust optimization dispatching model is proposed. Firstly, considering the temporal and spatial correlation of wind and photovoltaic power output, an output set is constructed based on Copula theory. The flexibility demand of the power system is quantified by combining the scenario method and the interval method, and the flexible adjustment factor is introduced to characterize the ability of various resources to participate in flexibility adjustment, and the flexibility supply and demand balance constraint is established. Secondly, considering the flexible supply capacity of demand-side resources such as electric vehicles, a data-driven two-stage distribution robust model is established with the optimal flexibility resource operating cost and grid flexibility deficit penalty cost as the objective function. In order to reduce conservatism, the comprehensive norm is used to constrain its probability distribution, which reduces the probability of extreme situations in flexibility demand. In order to solve the two-stage robust model problem, the zero-sum game idea is used to decouple the model into the main problem and sub-problems, and the column and constraint generation algorithm is used for iterative solution. Finally, the simulation example shows that the proposed model has a positive effect on improving the flexibility margin and economy of the power system compared with the traditional uncertainty model.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Functional Partial Body Weight Support Treadmill Training (FPBWSTT) on Mobility and Functionality in Children with Ataxia
Authors: Lepoura Alexandra , Lampropoulou Sofia , Galanos Antonis , Papadopoulou Marianna , Gkrimas Georgios , Tziomaki Magda , Sakellari Vasiliki
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Ataxia is quite common in pediatric neuromotor disorders and with highly heterogeneous etiology. Mobility difficulties and functional limitations reflect the lack of coordination in this population. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of an intensive program of functional partial body weight support treadmill training (FPBWSTT) on mobility and functionality of children with ataxia. Methods: Through a stratified randomized control trial, a sample of 18 children with progressive and non-progressive ataxia and GMFCS II-IV (mean age: 14 years, standard deviation: 2.5) was assessed prior, post-intervention, and 2 months after its end. Motor and functional skills were assessed with Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM, items D-E), Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS), 10-meter walk test (10MWT), 6min-walk test (6MWT), Scale for Assessment and Rating Ataxia (SARA), Timed-Up and Go (TUG) test, spatiotemporal gait parameters, kinetic and kinematic variables of pelvis and lower limb. Results: Statistically significant interactions and changes in favor of the FPBWSTT were found in all functional assessments and spatiotemporal gait parameters (p0.05), while kinetic variables were insufficiently collected and were not statistically analyzed. Conclusions: The FPBWSTT is more effective on mobility and functionality of children with ataxia, 8-18 years old, compared to typical physiotherapy. The kinematic variables may not be sensitive indicators of change over a short period of time and/or in this population.
Current Progress in Hexavalent Chromium by Bibliographic Analysis
Authors: Ding Yuanzhao
Published: January 2025

Hexavalent chromium contamination poses significant environmental and health challenges, particularly in developing regions where industrial and mining activities pollute water sources. Rainfall and surface runoff transport this toxic compound into groundwater and waterways, leading to severe health risks such as cancer in communities relying on untreated well water. This study employs bibliographic analysis to explore recent advancements in hexavalent chromium remediation technologies. Key approaches include physical methods like activated carbon adsorption, chemical methods such as redox reactions using zero-valent iron, and biological methods leveraging microorganisms like Shewanella oneidensis. Beyond technological solutions, governance frameworks addressing cross-border contamination and national pollution management are critical for sustainable remediation efforts. The study also highlights the future potential of integrating big data and machine learning to optimize remediation strategies. Predictive models trained on extensive datasets can revolutionize contamination management, providing scalable, efficient solutions for mitigating the global risks of hexavalent chromium pollution.
Exploring the Market for Dealcoholized Wine in Spain: Health Trends, Demographics, and the Role of Emerging Consumer Preferences
Authors: Fuentes-Fernández Rosana , del Campo-Villares José Luis
Published: January 2025

Since 1975, when per capita wine consumption in Spain peaked, the continued decline in domestic consumption has led to significant changes in the wine sector, particularly in production and marketing strategies. By 2005, the industry shifted towards mass exportation, focusing on bulk wine, as domestic demand fell. Since then, Spain has become the leading global producer of bulk wine by volume. However, emerging consumer trends, prioritizing health, sustainability, and low-alcohol beverages, present both challenges and opportunities for the sector. This study explores the potential for Spain’s bulk wine industry to adapt by transitioning to dealcoholized wines, leveraging recent technological advancements and aligning with shifting consumer preferences. In this context, it is crucial to examine what additional factors might influence the transition of Spanish wine producers to dealcoholized wine production and how consumer acceptance of these products in Spain compares to other international markets. In this context, it is crucial to examine what additional factors might influence the transition of Spanish wine producers to dealcoholized wine production and how consumer acceptance of these products in Spain compares to other international markets. Data collection was conducted through dual surveys targeting both consumers and producers, administered in December 2024 via the Sobrelias.com platform, with a total of 602 responses (387 from consumers and 215 from producers). Statistical analyses, including ANOVA and PERMANOVA, were performed to assess the influence of variables such as health-conscious consumption habits, demographic segmentation (age groups), and gender on market dynamics. To date, no prior academic research has addressed this specific intersection of bulk wine exports and consumer trends, highlighting the novelty of this study. A multiple linear regression model quantified the potential for market growth based on these factors.9
Numerical Calculation Optimization for Particulate Matter (PM) Trapping and Oxidation of Catalytic Diesel Paticulated Filter (Dpf)
Authors: Nakamura Maki , Yokota Koji , Ozawa Masakuni
Published: January 2025

The numerical calculations are performed to estimate PM deposition-oxidation process within the DPF. The results are obtained using the newly constructed numerical model and the calculation technique will enable the qualitative examination after changing the catalys-implified filter.
Histotripsy of Liver Tumors: Patient Selection, Ethical Discussions and How We Do It
Authors: Uysal Melis , Wehrle Chase J , Satish Sangeeta , Knott Emily , Hong Hanna , Allkushi Erlind , Schlegel Andrea , Berber Eren , Aucejo Federico , Kim JaeKeun , Kwon David CH
Published: January 2025

Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with nearly 50% of patients developing liver metastases (CRLM). Unfortunately, 85% of patients present with unresectable disease. Systemic chemotherapy offers limited survival benefits, and thus alternative therapies are urgently needed. Lo-coregional approaches such as thermal ablation and chemoembolization, while effective, have notable limitations, including invasiveness, peri-procedural risks, and required interruption of systemic treatments. Histotripsy is a novel, non-invasive method that uses focused ultrasound-induced cavitation to enable precise tumor ablation without heat or radiation. Our institution utilizes a multidisciplinary tumor board approach to evaluate patients for histotripsy, particularly in cases involving unresectable disease, complex surgical candidacy, palliative intent, or as a bridging therapy for transplantation. Early results, including preclinical data and the THERESA and #HOPE4LIVER trials, highlight its efficacy in treating liver tumors with minimal complications. Herein, we discuss institutional protocols for histotripsy including pre- and post-procedure management, and ethical discussion of current approaches. Histotripsy represents a promising, patient-centered approach for CRLM, especially for patients not eligible for traditional thera-pies, due to its favorable safety profile and compatibility with systemic treatments.
Quantitative Detection of Pericardial Adhesions Using 4D CT: A Novel Motion-Based Analysis Framework
Authors: Ren Tong , Wang Shuo , Cheng Nan , Feng Zekun , Li Menglu , Zhang Li , Wang Rong
Published: January 2025

Objective: Pericardial adhesions can unexpectedly occur prior to cardiac surgery or catheter ablation, even in patients without known risk factors, potentially increasing procedural risks. This study proposes and validates a novel, quantitative, and nonin-vasive method for detecting pericardial adhesions using 4-dimensional computed to-mography (4D CT). Methods: We evaluated preoperative 4D CT datasets from 20 cardiac surgery patients with and without pericardial adhesions. Our novel approach integrates expert-guided pericardial segmentation, symmetric diffeomorphic registration, and motion disparity analysis. The method quantifies tissue motion differences by computing displacement fields between the pericardium and epicardial adipose tissue(EAT), with a particular focus on the left anterior descending (LAD) region. Results: Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between adhesion and non-adhesion groups using two newly developed metrics: Peak Ratio (PR) and Distribution Width Index (DWI). Adhesion cases demonstrated characteristic high PR values with low DWI values, while non-adhesion cases showed moderate PR values with higher DWI values. Conclusions: This proof-of-concept study validates a novel quantitative framework for assessing pericardial adhesions using 4D CT imaging and provides an objective and computationally efficient tool for preoperative assessment in clinical settings. These findings suggest potential clinical utility in surgical planning and risk assessment.
The Volcker Tightening Cycle: Explaining the 1982 Course Reversal
Authors:   Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, Dupor Bill
Published: January 2025

This article studies the factors that led former Federal Reserve Chairman Paul Volcker to stop and then reverse course in the most famous monetary tightening cycle in U.S. history. I explain how the Fed began cutting its policy rate target, thus ending the tightening cycle, in July of 1982. Although the Fed had gained some ground in its fight against inflation, in mid-1982, inflation was running above 7 percent, well above the 2 percent inflation rate that the U.S. enjoyed before the Great Inflation. Beyond the Federal Open Market Committee’s (FOMC) partial success at taming inflation, I describe how economic pain and financial market stress were two practical and related considerations in the summer of 1982 that likely contributed to the monetary policy pivot. Finally, I discuss the political pressure facing the FOMC at that time.
Intraoperative Tranexamic Acid Infusion Reduces Perioperative Blood Loss in Pediatric Limb-Salvage Surgeries
Authors: El Ghoneimy Ahmed Mohamed , Mahmoud Kotb Tamer Ahmed , Rashad Ismail , Elgalaly Dina , AlFarsi Kareem , Khalil Mohamed Ahmed
Published: January 2025

Background:

Limb-salvage surgery for malignant bone tumors can be associated with considerable perioperative blood loss. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to assess the safety and efficacy of the intraoperative infusion of tranexamic acid (TXA) in children and adolescents undergoing limb-salvage surgery.

Methods:

All participants were <18 years of age at the time of surgery and diagnosed with a malignant bone tumor of the femur that was treated with resection and reconstruction with a megaprosthesis. Exclusion criteria included anatomic locations other than the femur, reconstruction with a vascularized fibular graft, and a previous history of deep venous thrombosis, coagulopathy, or renal dysfunction. Participants were randomly allocated to either the TXA group (a preoperative loading dose infusion of 10 mg/kg of TXA followed by a continuous infusion of 5 mg/kg/hr until the end of surgery) or the placebo group (the same dosage but with TXA substituted with an infusion of normal saline solution). Intraoperative and perioperative blood loss were calculated with use of the hemoglobin balance method. Perioperative blood loss at postoperative day 1 and at discharge from the hospital were calculated. The total volumes of blood transfused intraoperatively and postoperatively were recorded. A statistical comparison between the groups was performed for blood loss and blood transfusion as well as for possible independent variables other than TXA, including age, body mass index, histopathologic diagnosis, tumor volume, preoperative hemoglobin level, type of resection, and the duration of surgery.

Results:

A total of 48 participants, with a mean age of 12.5 ± 3.44 years (range, 5 to 18 years) and a male-to-female ratio of 1.18, were included. All participants were Egyptians by race and ethnicity. There were no minor or major drug-related adverse events. There was no significant difference between the groups with respect to intraoperative blood loss (p = 0.0616) or transfusion requirements (p = 0.812), but there was a significant difference in perioperative blood loss at postoperative day 1 (p = 0.0144) and at discharge from the hospital (p = 0.0106) and in perioperative blood transfusion (p = 0.023).

Conclusions:

TXA can be safely infused intraoperatively in children and adolescents undergoing limb-salvage surgery, and it contributes significantly to the reduction of perioperative blood loss and transfusion requirements.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
In-Depth Conformance Treatment in Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs: From Laboratory Evaluation to Field Application
Authors: Wu Qianhui , Zhao Lun , Zhao Wenqi , Wu Xuelin , Hou Jue , Hou Qingying
Published: January 2025

Gel treatment has been widely applied to reduce water production by blocking the water thief zones and improve oil recovery. However, the presence of fractures makes the gel treatment more challenging. The BTLW oil field is a carbonate reservoir characterized with low-angle fractures, resulting in significant water channeling. The tracers injected into the production wells from the injection well often exhibit a rapid breakthrough time of less than 2 days, suggesting a direct connection between the injection and production points. Based on laboratory study, the polymer gel system and microgel were designed for in-depth conformance control treatment in field BTLW. The in-depth gel conformance treatment commenced in June 2019, where a mixture of multiple plugs (polymer-polymer gel-microgel) was injected into six treatment wells. The polymer gel was used to block the fractures and high influx channeling. The microgel was designed to further divert in-depth fluid from the high-permeability zone into lower permeability. The chemical treatment volume for each well, determined by the tracer test, varies from 18 000 m3 to 35 000 m3. The volume of the microgel treatment is designed to be the entire volume of the tracer that is swept through. The combination treatment demonstrated a significant increase in efficiency in both production wells and injection treatment wells. The interwell tracer tests revealed a delayed occurrence of tracer breakthrough at the production wells, with the water being redirected into zones with lower permeability. Besides, the injectivity behavior was significantly reduced in the injection wells. The Hall plot showed a steeper hall slope during each well treatment, implying a positive change in skin. The water injectivity index also reduced after conformance treatment, which indicated the alteration in permeability and improvement in reservoir conformance. The results indicated an increase in the oil production rate and a decrease in the water cut following the treatment. As of June 2024, the incremental oil was estimated to be approximately 84 834 tonnes in total via decline curve analysis, and each metric ton of polymer injection can enhance oil production by 875 metric tons.