bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental control of mode-competition dynamics in a chaotic multimode semiconductor laser for decision making
Authors: Iwami Ryugo , Mihana Takatomo , Kanno Kazutaka , Naruse Makoto , Uchida Atsushi
Published: April 2024

Photonic computing is widely used to accelerate the computational performance in machine learning. Photonic decision making is a promising approach utilizing photonic computing technologies to solve the multi-armed bandit problems based on reinforcement learning. Photonic decision making using chaotic mode-competition dynamics has been proposed. However, the experimental conditions for achieving a superior decision-making performance have not yet been established. Herein, we experimentally investigate mode-competition dynamics in a chaotic multimode semiconductor laser in the presence of optical feedback and injection. We control the chaotic mode-competition dynamics via optical injection and observe that positive wavelength detuning results in an efficient mode concentration to one of the longitudinal modes with a small optical injection power. We experimentally investigate two-dimensional bifurcation diagram of the total intensity of the laser dynamics. Complex mixed dynamics are observed in the presence of optical feedback and injection. We experimentally conduct decision making to solve the bandit problem using chaotic mode-competition dynamics. A fast mode-concentration property is observed at positive wavelength detunings, resulting in fast convergence of the correct decision rate. Our findings could be useful in accelerating the decision-making performance in adaptive optical networks using reinforcement learning.
Streak tube imaging lidar with kilohertz laser pulses and few-photons detection capability
Authors: Fang Mengyan , Qiao Kai , Yin Fei , Xue Yanhua , Chang Yu , Su Chang , Wang Zhengzheng , Tian Jinshou , Wang Xing
Published: April 2024

Lidar using active light illumination is capable of capturing depth and reflectivity information of target scenes. Among various technologies, streak tube imaging lidar (STIL) has garnered significant attention due to its high resolution and excellent precision. The echo signals of a STIL system using single laser pulse are often overwhelmed by noise in complex environments, making it difficult to discern the range of the target. By combining high-frequency laser pulses with the repetitive sweep circuit, the STIL system enables efficient detection of few-photons signal in weak-light environments. Additionally, we have developed a robust algorithm for estimating the depth and reflectivity images of targets. The results demonstrate that this lidar system achieves a depth resolution better than 0.5 mm and a ranging accuracy of 95 um. Furthermore, the imaging of natural scenes also validates the exceptional 3D imaging capability of this system.
Correction of the wavelength error in transmission of a full-color holographic 3D image
Authors: Lee Chang-Joo , Nishi Hirohito , Matsushima Kyoji
Published: April 2024

When a digital holographic image represented by a sampled wavefield is transmitted and the wavelength used in the three-dimensional (3D) display devices does not agree exactly with the wavelength of the original image data, the reconstructed 3D image will differ slightly from the original. This slight change is particularly problematic for full-color 3D images reconstructed using three wavelengths. A method is proposed here to correct the holographic image data and reduce the problems caused by wavelength mismatch. The effectiveness of the method is confirmed via theoretical analysis and numerical experiments that evaluate the reconstructed images using several image indices.
Dual-objective two-photon microscope for volumetric imaging of dense scattering biological samples by bidirectional excitation and collection
Authors: Zhai Muyue , Yu Jing , Hu Yanhui , Yu Hang , Xie Beichen , Yu Yi , Li Dawei , Wang Aimin , Cheng Heping
Published: April 2024

Full view observation throughout entire specimens over a prolonged period is crucial when exploring the physiological functions and system-level behaviors. Multi-photon microscopy (MPM) has been widely employed for such purposes owing to its deep penetration ability. However, the current MPM struggles with balancing the imaging depth and quality while avoiding photodamage for the exponential increasement of excitation power with the imaging depth. Here, we present a dual-objective two-photon microscope (Duo-2P), characterized by bidirectional two-photon excitation and fluorescence collection, for long-duration volumetric imaging of dense scattering samples. Duo-2P effectively doubles the imaging depth, reduces the total excitation energy by an order of magnitude for samples with a thickness five times the scattering length, and enhances the signal-to-noise ratio up to 1.4 times. Leveraging these advantages, we acquired volumetric images of a 380-μm suprachiasmatic nucleus slice for continuous 4-h recording at a rate of 1.67 s/volume, visualized the calcium activities over 4000 neurons, and uncovered their state-switching behavior. We conclude that Duo-2P provides an elegant and powerful means to overcome the fundamental depth limit while mitigating photodamages for deep tissue volumetric imaging.
Investigation on a mobile fire extinguishing approach using liquid carbon dioxide as inert medium for underground mine
Authors: Ge Liang , Zhang Zujing , Wang Yinjun , Zhang Shitao , Chen Yujin
Published: April 2024

Injecting carbon dioxide is the most effective means of preventing and extinguishing fires in sealing hazardous areas, but the traditional method slowly and remotely injects carbon dioxide gas into the well after gasification on the ground, which is dependent on the complete mine pipe network without cooling effect. To inject liquid directly from the tank with vacuum interlayer and heat insulating powder for rapid inerting and cooling, a new approach using track mobile platform to go deep into the underground mine disaster area is proposed, so the liquid can be delivered to the nozzle at the end of DN40 large diameter pipe, and the continuous gasification jet can be realized. The experimental results show that: (1) The liquid volume in a tank of vacuum degree within 2.0 Pa and 200 mm interlayer reduced no more than 15.5% after 48 days; (2) Taking the pressure in the tank as the power source, because of environmental differences inside and outside the pipe after 100 m pressure holding delivery, the physical form of liquid and gas could be converted instantly; (3) The continuous discharge time without ice blocking for a tank full of 2 m3 liquid was about 10.5 min under 25 L dual mode nitrogen pressurization, which is 1/12 of injection time after ground gasification; (4) Based on the temperature decrease trend measured at different positions, the cooling characteristics on liquid gasification jet path are quantified, and the calculation formula of temperature changing with time on the center line of liquid gasification jet is obtained. Through this new approach, the integration of vacuum insulated storage, safe mobile transportation, and continuous and rapid release with large flow can be achieved for the liquid carbon dioxide.
A vállalati incentív utazások biztonsági kockázatai = Security risks of business incentive travel
Authors: Keller Krisztina , Mátyás Szabolcs , Kökény László
Published: April 2024

Az incentív utazásokat a vállalkozások a munkavállalóik ösztönzésére alkalmazzák, a témakör biztonsággal való kapcsolata kutatási résnek tekinthető. Jelen tanulmány célja az incentív utazásokon részt vevő munkavállalók kockázatészlelésének és kockázatcsökkentési stratégiáinak vizsgálata. A szerzők a kvalitatív kutatás során 43 olyan munkavállalót kérdeztek meg, akik 2017-2021 között utaztak incentív turisztikai célból. A vizsgálat során az utazásokon átélt veszélyeket, illetve a biztonságot garantáló elemek feltárását végezték el. Az incentív utazásokkal kapcsolatos kockázatészlelés tárgykörében hat másodrendű faktort tártak fel: a közbiztonság hiányából, az egészségi állapotból, a problémás teljesítményből, az információhiányból, a repüléssel és az utazással kapcsolatos félelmekből, valamint az incentív utazás jellegéből adódó aggodalmakat. A kutatás alapján meghatároztak három kockázatcsökkentő faktort: a bizalmat a munkaadóban, a helyszíni szolgáltatókban, valamint az önbizalmat és a magabiztosságot. Több gyakorlati javaslatot fogalmaztak meg: az incentív utazások előkészítésébe érdemes tapasztalt kollégákat bevonni, egy tájékoztató keretében felkészíteni az utazókat, valamint feladat a munkavállalók önbizalmának növelése.
Focal Distal Esophageal Dilation (Blown-Out Myotomy) After Achalasia Treatment: Prevalence and Associated Symptoms
Authors: Kuipers Thijs , Ponds Fraukje A. , Fockens Paul , Bastiaansen Barbara A.J. , Pandolfino John E. , Bredenoord Albert J.
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) may result in a distended distal esophagus, referred to as a blown-out myotomy (BOM), the relevance of which is uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and associated symptoms of BOM after achalasia treatment.

METHODS:

A data set of the locally treated patients in a randomized controlled trial comparing POEM with pneumatic dilation (PD) was analyzed. A BOM is defined as a >50% increase in esophageal diameter at its widest point in the distal esophagus between the lower esophageal sphincter and 5 cm above.

RESULTS:

Seventy-four patients were treated in our center, and 5-year follow-up data were available in 55 patients (32 patients [58%] randomized to POEM, 23 [42%] PD). In the group initially treated with POEM, the incidence of BOM increased from 11.5% (4/38) at 3 months, to 21.1% (8/38) at 1 year, 27.8% (10/36) at 2 years, and 31.3% (10/32) at 5 years. None of the patients treated with PD alone developed a BOM. Patients who developed a BOM had a higher total Eckardt score and Eckardt regurgitation component compared with patients who underwent POEM without BOM development (3 [2.75–3.25] vs 2 [1.75–3], P = 0.032, and 1 [0.75–1] vs 0 [0–1], P = 0.041). POEM patients with a BOM more often report reflux symptoms (85% [11/13] vs 46% [2/16], P = 0.023) and had a higher acid exposure time (24.5% [8–47] vs 6% [1.2–18.7], P = 0.027).

DISCUSSION:

Thirty percent of the patients treated with POEM develop a BOM, which is associated with a higher acid exposure, more reflux symptoms, and symptoms of regurgitation.
Obeticholic Acid and Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight Patients with Prediabetes
Authors: Amer H. , Nesim M. , Mansour H. , Nasr E. , Ahmed N.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND. Due to its role as a risk factor for the emergence of metabolic illnesses including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and certain cancers with pandemic evolution, obesity is a serious public health concern. Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) poses a major risk to human health. The byproducts of the breakdown of cholesterol are bile acids, which are crucial for preserving cholesterol homeostasis. Research indicates that bile acids might control insulin sensitivity, energy metabolism, and glucose tolerance. Farnesoid X receptors (FXRs) are crucial for controlling bile acid production and hepatic glucose metabolism. The ligand for FXR The semisynthetic derivative of chenodeoxycholic acid, a bile acid, is obeticholic acid (OCA). Research indicates that bile acids may be a viable therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) given that therapy with oleic acid (OCA) enhanced insulin sensitivity and decreased indicators of liver inflammation and fibrosis in individuals with T2DM and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

AIM. To assess Obeticholic acid’s effectiveness in obese individuals with prediabetes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. Over the course of three months, we performed a randomized single blind placebo controlled trial on eighty-two overweight and obese patients with prediabetes in the outpatient clinic at Ain Shams University Hospital. Through block randomization, patients were split into two groups (Group A received daily oral tablets containing 5 mg of obeticholic acid, while Group B received non-sweet capsules as a placebo). Three follow-up visits were conducted to ensure adherence and monitor for any emergence of side effects.

RESULTS. 82 patients of matched age and sex criteria who underwent block randomization into 2 equal groups, group (A) representing cases and group (B) the placebo controlled group, with 3 months’ regular follow up showed at end of treatment statistically significant difference in weight being lower in group (A) with p-value 0.004 with decreased parameters of glycemic profile (Fasting insulin, FPG, HOMA_IR, 2h PP, HbA1c) in group (A) with p-value <0.001 except 2hpp which p-value is 0.006. Also ALT was much decreased in group (A) with p-value <0.001. Lipid profile didn’t show significant difference between 2 groups except for TGs which deceased in follow up in group (A) with p-value <0. 001. Additionally, it should be highlighted that there was no statistically significant difference between the control group’s baseline and post-treatment data.

CONCLUSION. In individuals who are overweight or obese and have insulin resistance and prediabetes, activation of FXR by OCA results in enhanced insulin sensitivity. Patients who received OCA also lost weight.
Objects are not just a thing – (re)negotiating identity through using material objects within the Kurdish diaspora in the UK
Authors: Mahmud Chra Rasheed
Published: April 2024

Material belongings have a significant impact on shaping one’s identity, and they play a crucial role as identity markers and valuable instruments for negotiating distinctions among diverse communities, especially for those who experience migration. This research focuses on a specific group of Iraqi Kurdish migrants living in the UK, exploring how they navigate and mould their cultural identity through their cherished possessions. Utilizing a multimodal approach, data collection involved narrative interviews and visual ethnography methods, such as photo voice. The dataset underwent a systematic thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke’s methodology, leading to an objective and cohesive thematic presentation. The findings underscore the significance of material culture for Iraqi-Kurdish participants in this study. These respondents held deep emotional connections to material objects, linking the landscapes of their past lives to their present experiences in the UK. By cherishing and preserving these possessions, they established a discursive “third space” to express emotions and negotiate their complex “in-between” identities. This term describes a state of dilemma wherein individuals grapple with conflicting senses of identity due to exposure to and affiliation with two distinct cultures. Specifically, it applies to participants who simultaneously value and embrace both their Kurdish culture and identity, as well as their British culture and identity.
Tribo-mechanical and structural characterizations of LLDPE matrix bio-composite reinforced with almond shell micro-particles: effects of the processing methodology
Authors: Boujelben Mongi , Abid Mohamed , Kharrat Mohamed , Dammak Maher
Published: April 2024

The objective of this research work is to examine the effect of mixing operation in the reinforcement of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) with almond shell powder (ASP). Two groups of bio-composites mixed in solid state and melt extrusion state were developed by the standard thermo compression molding process. For each group of bio-composites developed, the mass percentage of ASP was varied from 5 % to 40 %. Tensile and friction tests and micro structural analyzes were carried out. The main results show that the addition of ASP particles: decreases the maximum tensile stress and increases the rigidity of the two types of bio-composites produced. A significant improvement was observed in terms of maximum stress and Young’s modulus of the bio-composites mixed in the molten state compared to those mixed in the solid state. Microscopic observations concluded that the melt-blended ASPs were better covered by the LLDPE matrix and the dispersion was successfully achieved. Friction tests have shown an improvement in tribological performance thanks to the addition of an optimal percentage of ASP equal to 20 % in the case of bio-composites mixed in the molten state. From this research work, it can be concluded that the LLDPE/ASP homogenization method influences the mechanical and tribological properties of bio-composites.
Investigation of the mechanical, thermal and wear properties of eggshell/PLA composites
Authors: Sharma Ratnesh Kumar , Kumar Shiv Ranjan
Published: April 2024

The current study investigated the potential application of agricultural waste chicken eggshell (CES) as a reinforcement in composites made of poly (lactic acid) (PLA). With the use of twin extruder and injection molding machine, polymer composites have been developed. The performance of the composites was assessed with respect to its mechanical, thermal, and wear properties. It was shown that the increase in eggshell content led to the increase in void content and water absorption. Despite the increase in void content, the mechanical properties, in particular, micro-hardness, tensile strength and flexural strength were significantly improved. Conversely, when the eggshell content increased from 0 to 30 wt%, the impact strength was decreased. A slight decrease in fracture toughness was observed. Thermal properties, such as thermal stability and thermal degradation temperature, were improved with an increase in eggshell content. PLA, PLA-CES-10, PLA-CES-20, and PLA-CES-30 composites exhibited increase in erosion rate by 13.8 %, 10 %, 9 %, and 6 %, respectively, when the impact velocity was increased from 30 m/s to 50 m/s. Data were analyzed statistically with one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey’s HSD test (α < 0.05). Overall, PLA/eggshell based polymer composites performed exceptionally well, in addition to their environmental benefits, pollution control, waste utilization, and reduced production cost.
Strict Liability in the Principles of European Tort Law: The Black Hole and Central Building Site
Authors: Oertel Christoph
Published: April 2024

The rule on strict liability is regarded by many specialists as the central building site of the Principles of European Tort Law (PETL). The following contribution first gives a brief overview of the current state of the law in Europe regarding this area, which is of enormous importance in European practice. It then presents rationales for the introduction of strict liability with a precise proposal for a rule restating the current state of the law from a European-wide perspective, while, at the same time, allowing the courts sufficient flexibility in reaching a decision in individual cases.
Some Reflections on the PETL and Proposals for their Revision
Authors: Widmer Pierre
Published: April 2024

This paper provides detailed, article by article commentary on the Principles of European Tort Law (PETL) from the perspective of one of the authors. It highlights areas where, in his opinion, improvements should be made as part of the ongoing process of revision.
The Ideal Tort Law and the PETL – Dreams of a Legal Escapist
Authors: Widmer Pierre
Published: April 2024

This paper presents a critical appraisal of the criteria in the Principles of European Tort Law (PETL) for imputing liability to one person for damage suffered by another and a plea for a simplified system with a more extensive area of strict liability than is to be found in the current Principles.
Stance and food activism on Arabic Twitter (X): a multimodal analysis
Authors: Al Zidjaly Najma
Published: April 2024

Expanding on classic theories of stancetaking and theorizing digital activism as nexus analysis, I examine how Omani Arab citizens used discourse and images to canalize a failed food boycott campaign on Twitter (X) into a united negative stance against alleged corruption. I highlight the role of multimodality, impoliteness, indirectness, intertextual references, participation framework and Arabic cultural practices in creating a multi-layered, accreted stance with manifold implicit functions (e.g., defining Omani identity, lamenting and signalling dissent). I argue for the need to widen the scope and level of analysis of stance acts to include interplays between texts, emoji, actions and images. I also highlight the role that stance can perform in expressing dissent and managing cultural face in the understudied Arabic context. I, therefore, demonstrate the multidimensionality of stance acts made visible by social media affordances and user creativity.
Multistability manipulation by reinforcement learning algorithm inside mode-locked fiber laser
Authors: Kokhanovskiy Alexey , Kuprikov Evgeny , Serebrennikov Kirill , Mkrtchyan Aram , Davletkhanov Ayvaz , Bunkov Alexey , Krasnikov Dmitry , Shashkov Mikhail , Nasibulin Albert , Gladush Yuriy
Published: April 2024

Fiber mode-locked lasers are nonlinear optical systems that provide ultrashort pulses at high repetition rates. However, adjusting the cavity parameters is often a challenging task due to the intrinsic multistability of a laser system. Depending on the adjustment of the cavity parameters, the optical output may vary significantly, including Q-switching, single and multipulse, and harmonic mode-locked regimes. In this study, we demonstrate an experimental implementation of the Soft Actor–Critic algorithm for generating a harmonic mode-locked regime inside a state-of-the-art fiber laser with an ion-gated nanotube saturable absorber. The algorithm employs nontrivial strategies to achieve a guaranteed harmonic mode-locked regime with the highest order by effectively managing the pumping power of a laser system and the nonlinear transmission of a nanotube absorber. Our results demonstrate a robust and feasible machine-learning–based approach toward an automatic system for adjusting nonlinear optical systems with the presence of multistability phenomena.
Strength and thermal insulation properties of foam-formed ceramic fiber paper with different reinforcement methods
Authors: Hou Fuqing , Ding Nengxin , Yang Huikang , Huang Mengle , Zhang Chunhui
Published: April 2024

Foam-forming technique imparts ceramic fiber paper with excellent uniformity, low density, and high porosity, but its strength loss must be compensated. Herein, a flexible and rigid foam-formed ceramic fiber network was manufactured by using different strength improvement methods and simultaneously investigated their strength and thermal insulation properties. Sufficient strength (1136 kPa) was achieved by combining Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) 2 % and Polyester (PET) 3 %. However, the tensile strength of fiber networks would decrease under the contribution of inter-fiber bonding area reduced when the fiber length was longer than 24 mm. Benefiting from the developed flocculation system (aluminum sol-anionic polyacrylamide-carboxymethylcellulose), the strength of the foam-formed ceramic fiber network was 20 kPa, the retention rate increased from 75 % to 88 %, and the average aggregation factor of fillers in the Z direction was 0.67. By adjusting the ratio and Z-directional distribution of functional fillers, the sintered foam-formed paper with a tensile strength of 1300 kPa and compressive strength of 1000 kPa could be obtained. The thermal insulation performance (thermal conductivity 0.03252 W/(m·K)) was similar to the quartz fiber paper reinforced silica airgel, and the flame resistance was better than the commercialized aluminum silicate wool board.
Performance analysis of a gas turbine engine via intercooling and regeneration- Part 2
Authors: Poojary Suhas , Quadros Jaimon D. , Thalambeti Prashanth , Rangaswamy Hanumanthraya , Mohin Ma
Published: April 2024

The current study aims to amplify the predictive ability of the numerical model developed for a gas turbine engine-based power plants by process of regeneration and intercooling. Artificial neural networks (ANN) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy interface systems (ANFIS) are the two techniques mainly concentrated in this study which were not properly implemented previously. The performance parameters namely, specific power (SP), thermal efficiency (η), and enthalpy based specific fuel consumption (EBSFC) of a Turboprop engine were predicted using thermodynamic parameters namely, pressure ratio (PR), nozzle pressure ratio (NPR), turbine inlet temperature (TIT), for constant regeneration (R), and intercooling (E) efficiencies. The results showed that a high regression result R

2
of 0.9831 and 0.9899 was found for the ANFIS model for η for training and testing, respectively. Also, the ANFIS model resulted in best performance of the performance characteristics when compared to ANN.
Glottal stop insertion and production planning domains in French
Authors: Scheer Tobias
Published: April 2024

The article introduces an experimental study of glottal stops that are generated by h aspiré (H) in French (il [ʔ] hoche la tête). To date the phenomenon is merely mentioned in passing, and evidence only comes from native speaker intuitions and cursory personal observation. Participants pronounced verbs that either did (hocher) or did not (aimer) begin with an H, whereby the left context was controlled for: the preceding word could end in a vowel (tu hoches/aimes), in a consonant (il hoche/aime) or in a liaison consonant (LC nous hochons/aimons). Results confirm the observation made in the literature regarding the high variability of H: lexical (elision is much more frequent in j’harcèle than in j’hais), inter-speaker (some participants chose unelided je for 10 out of 12 H verbs, while others only for 4 H verbs) and intra-speaker (participants pronounced vous [z] hissez with liaison, while they chose je hisse in a multiple choice-based pretest). Results also confirmed that H is indeed a glottal stop creator: glottal stops occur much more often before H-initial than before V-initial words. The glottal stop rate also depended on the left context: while LC + H (nous hochons) and C + H (il hoche) are statistically indistinguishable, both are significantly distinct from V + H (tu hoches). This suggests that glottal stop insertion is sensitive to all types of preceding consonants, whether they are pronounced (C + H) or not (LC + H). This result is relevant in the debate on French liaison where it was claimed that (some) LCs are epenthetic, that is absent from phonological computation when unpronounced: this view is challenged by the experimental evidence. On the analytic side, the article argues that all glottal stops that occur stand in Strong Position, i.e. word-initially or after a consonant {#,C}__ (Ségéral, Philippe & Tobias Scheer. 2001. La Coda-Miroir. Bulletin de la Société de Linguistique de Paris 96. 107–152). The word-initial position is in fact domain-initial, and it is a long standing observation in the literature that H sets off its word into a separate domain. Thus even glottal stops in V + H (tu hoches) that appear to occur in intervocalic position may in fact be domain-initial V + [H]. The question then is what kind of domain could be responsible for the (rare) presence of glottal stops in V + V (tu aimes): such a domain V + [V] cannot stem from H, nor can it be of morpho-syntactic origin. It is argued that these domains are production planning domains in the sense of Wagner (2012. Locality in phonology and production planning. McGill Working Papers in Linguistics 22. 1–18 and following).
Navigating the Industry 4.0 frontier: Unveiling perceived risk and cost moderators in technology adoption
Authors: Jum’a Luay , Alkhodary Dina
Published: April 2024

The advent of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) brought about significant transformations within the realm of business management. Industries are increasingly adopting innovative practices and implementing smart supply chain operations through the adoption of I4.0 technologies. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the factors that influence the adoption of I4.0 in supply chain operations. To accomplish this, an extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model was applied, with perceived risk and cost acting as moderators in the context of the manufacturing sector. The study used a quantitative research methodology, with a sample size of 276 participants who held managerial positions at various levels within the sector. The data were obtained through the use of a structured questionnaire employing a judgmental sampling technique. The findings of the study revealed that both social influence and facilitating conditions had a significant impact on the adoption of I4.0. However, the relationship between social influence and I4.0 adoption was only moderated by perceived risk and cost. The aforementioned findings indicate that it is imperative that firms give precedence to the establishment of a conducive environment and culture that nurture innovation and promote the assimilation of cutting-edge technologies. Furthermore, it is essential for individuals to prioritize the establishment of strong networks and collaborations in order to effectively leverage the advantages offered by the I4.0. The implications of this study offer valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers in the field of I4.0 and technology adoption. These insights pertain to the significant factors that influence the decision to adopt I4.0 and the anticipated applications of I4.0 within the supply chain.
Evaluation of color Stability of Different Restorative Materials Used in Pediatric Dentistry
Authors: İpek İrem , Karaağaç Eskibağlar Büşra
Published: April 2024

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the color changes of restorative materials (Filtek z550, EverX Posterior, Dyract XP, EQUIA Forte Fill), which are frequently used in pediatric dentistry, after aging with beverages (cola, cherry juice) that children and adolescents frequently consume in their daily life.
Methods: Four different restorative materials; nanohybrid composite (Filtek Z550), glass fiber reinforced bulk fill composite (EverX Posterior), polyacid modified composite resin (Dyract XP) and glass hybrid glass ionomer cement (EQUIA Forte Fill) were used. A total of 120 samples were prepared for each material using plexiglass molds with a thickness of 2 mm and a diameter of 10 mm. A total of 30 samples from each group were divided into 3 group (n=10) to be immersed in cola, cherry juice and distilled water. After the initial color measurements, the samples were stored in beverages for 7th and 14th days. Color change values (ΔE) were calculated after 7th and 14th days.
Results: When the ΔE values of materials were examined, it was observed that EQUIA Forte Fill group had the highest color change and Filtek z550 group had the lowest color change.
Conclusion: The glass hybrid GIC showed the most distinct color change in all time periods and beverages. ΔE values in cola and cherry juice of all resin-based restorative materials tested were less than or equal to 3.3. Therefore, color changes were clinically acceptable as they were not visually perceptible
Key words: Bulk-Fill Composite Resin, Color Stability, Glass Hybrid Glass Ionomer Cement
Farklı Primerlerin ve Universal Adezivin, Zirkonya ve Self Adeziv Rezin Siman Arasındaki Makaslama Bağlanma Dayanımı Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Demir Necla , Öztürk Sema Nur , Çebi Tüysüz Çiğdem , Subaşı Meryem Gülce
Published: April 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, alüminyum oksit partikülleriyle kumlama sonrası kullanılan farklı primerlerin ve universal adezivin, termal yaşlandırma sonrasında zirkonya ile self adeziv rezin siman arasındaki makaslama bağlanma dayanımı üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda CAD/CAM zirkonya bloklardan boyutları 2 mm x 11 mm x 11 mm olacak şekilde 20 adet dörtgen örnek hazırlanmıştır. Tüm örneklerin yüzeyine 50 µm Al2O3 partikülleri yüzey pürüzlendirme işlemi uygulanmıştır. Hazırlanan örnekler farklı primer ve adeziv uygulamalarına göre 4 alt gruba ayrılmıştır (n=5). Kontrol: Herhangi bir primer veya universal adeziv uygulanmamıştır. Kerr Silane Primer (Negatif Kontrol): MDP içeriği bulunmayan seramik primeri uygulanmıştır. Ceramica-S ve Nova Compo-B Plus: Ceramica-S primer ve Nova Compo-B Plus universal adeziv karıştırılarak uygulanmıştır. Clearfil Ceramic Primer Plus: Clearfil Ceramic Primer Plus uygulanmıştır. Yüzey uygulamalarını takiben self adeziv rezin siman seramik yüzeylerine polimerize edilmiştir. Ardından örnekler 5000 devir termal döngü işlemine tabi tutulmuştur. Örneklere universal test cihazında makaslama bağlanma dayanımı testi uygulanmıştır. Yüzey işlemlerine göre Fmax (N) ve Mpa değerlerinin karşılaştırılmasında Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Farklı primer ve adeziv kullanımına göre Fmax (N) ortalama değerleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık göstermiştir (p<0,001. Ceramica S ve Nova Compo-B Plus ile elde edilen değer diğer tüm primer gruplarından farklılık göstermiştir ve daha yüksektir (p<0,001). Clearfil Ceramic Primer Plus ile elde edilen değer de diğer gruplardan farklılık göstermiştir (p<0,001). Kontrol grubu ve Kerr Silane Primer gruplarında elde edilen Fmax (N) değerleri benzerlik göstermektedir (p>0,001).
Sonuç: Mevcut limitasyonlar dahilinde, self adeziv rezin simanın herhangi bir primer uygulaması olmaksızın veya MDP içermeyen bir primer uygulanmasının, zirkonya seramik yüzeyine bağlanma gücünü artırmak için yeterli olmadığı sonucuna varılabilir. MDP içeren ve kumlama sonrası uygulanan primerler veya adezivler, zirkonyaya bağlanma için ideal bir seçenek olarak görünmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Primer, Universal adeziv, Zirkonya
İmplant Üstü Protezlerde Ölçü Yöntemleri ve Ölçü Doğruluğunu Etkileyen Faktörler
Authors: Ruhi İlayda , Akaltan Kadriye Funda
Published: April 2024

Günümüzde dental implantlar doğal dişlerin yerine geçebilecek en iyi seçenektir. İmplant destekli protetik restorasyonlarda pasif uyum tedavinin başarısı için en önemli faktördür. Pasif uyumlu implant destekli restorasyonlar, doğru ölçü tekniği ve uygun ölçü materyali kullanılarak doğru ölçü alınması, dişlerin komşu yapılarla ilişkilerinin doğru belirlenmesi ve ağız içi yapıların modele doğru aktarılması ile sağlanabilir. Ölçünün doğruluğu, ölçü materyalinden, kullanılan ölçü yönteminden, implantın pozisyonu, açısı ve derinliğinden, kullanılan alçının boyutsal stabilitesinden, kullanılan day sisteminden ve ölçü kopinglerinin uzunluğundan etkilenir. İmplant üstü ölçü yöntemleri geleneksel ve dijital olarak ikiye ayrılabilir. Bu derlemede implant üstü ölçü yöntemlerinin implant sayısı, ölçü materyalleri, splint materyali, koping tasarımı, implant açısı ve implant-abutment bağlantı şekli yönleriyle karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gestión de Proyectos con Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación en la educación básica y media de Colombia
Authors: Espitia Cardozo Jessica Ivonne
Published: April 2024

Actualmente, el sector educativo en Colombia y en el mundo está pasando por una transformación debido a la evolución de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC), por consiguiente, se han establecido políticas TIC para la educación en todos los niveles y se han destinado recursos para su desarrollo y alfabetización como una competencia del siglo XXI. Sin embargo, las estrategias implementadas dentro de las instituciones educativas de educación formal no han logrado el alcance fijado en metas TIC. Este artículo de reflexión parte de la necesidad de visualizar las instituciones educativas de educación básica y media como organizaciones para lograr una gestión eficiente de Proyectos TIC, de igual manera, se recopilan algunas experiencias de integración TIC para relacionar su implementación como un avance en la integración de aspectos administrativos, organizacionales y pedagógicos que son coherentes con estándares de Gerencia de Proyectos en el alcance de resultados y metas alineadas al contexto institucional educativo.
Enhancing radiation protection at Sirius: methodology and results of beamline training
Authors: Da Costa Vieira Ana Luísa , Do Nacimento Moura Fernanda
Published: April 2024

This work is about radiation protection training at Sirius, a unique radiation facility in Brazil for being a synchrotron-type particle accelerator. Research in several areas takes place at the facility, attracting researchers from all over the world. The radiological protection group at Sirius works continuously to ensure everyone's safety, in addition to shielding and monitoring, there are several security elements and one of them is the application of radiological safety training, where the researcher is presented the “Search” procedure. At the end of the training, the researcher answers a feedback form, which is used as a satisfaction survey. In the first semester for 2022, 46 people were trained of which 43.47% responded to the feedback form. Of the total responses, 95% were satisfied. Due to the large number of people attending Sirius, the radiation safety training is in the process of moving to an online format, which brings new challenges.
Use of Electronic Health Record-Based Measures to Assess Quality of Care for Pediatric Agitation
Authors: Hoffmann Jennifer A. , Corboy Jacqueline B. , Liu Lynn , Cieslak Kristine , Pergjika Alba , Patel Tulsi R. , Bardach Naomi S. , Alpern Elizabeth R.
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVES

Acute agitation during pediatric mental health emergency department (ED) visits presents safety risks to patients and staff. We previously convened multidisciplinary stakeholders who prioritized 20 proposed quality measures for pediatric acute agitation management. Our objectives were to assess feasibility of evaluating performance on these quality measures using electronic health record (EHR) data and to examine performance variation across 3 EDs.

METHODS

At a children’s hospital and 2 nonchildren’s hospitals, we assessed feasibility of evaluating quality measures for pediatric acute agitation management using structured EHR data elements. We retrospectively evaluated measure performance during ED visits by children 5 to 17 years old who presented for a mental health condition, received medication for agitation, or received physical restraints from July 2020 to June 2021. Bivariate and multivariable regression were used to examine measure performance by patient characteristics and hospital.

RESULTS

We identified 2785 mental health ED visits, 275 visits with medication given for agitation, and 35 visits with physical restraints. Performance was feasible to measure using EHR data for 10 measures. Nine measures varied by patient characteristics, including 4.87 times higher adjusted odds (95% confidence interval 1.28–18.54) of physical restraint use among children with versus without autism spectrum disorder. Four measures varied by hospital, with physical restraint use varying from 0.5% to 3.3% of mental health ED visits across hospitals.

CONCLUSIONS

Quality of care for pediatric acute agitation management was feasible to evaluate using EHR-derived quality measures. Variation in performance across patient characteristics and hospitals highlights opportunities to improve care quality.
Time to Clinical Stability in Children With Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Field Madeline R. , Ambroggio Lilliam , Lorenz Douglas , Shah Samir S. , Ruddy Richard M. , Florin Todd A.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Time to clinical stability (TCS) is a commonly used outcome in adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), yet few studies have evaluated TCS in children. Our objective was to determine the association between TCS and disease severity in children with suspected CAP, as well as factors associated with reaching early stability.

METHODS

This is a prospective cohort study of children (aged 3 months to 18 years) hospitalized with suspected CAP. TCS parameters included temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and hypoxemia with the use of supplemental oxygen. TCS was defined as time from admission to parameter normalization. The association of TCS with severity and clinical factors associated with earlier TCS were evaluated.

RESULTS

Of 571 children, 187 (32.7%) had at least 1 abnormal parameter at discharge, and none had ≥3 abnormal discharge parameters. A greater proportion of infants (90 [93%]) had all 4 parameters stable at discharge compared with 12- to 18-year-old youths (21 [49%]). The median TCS for each parameter was <24 hours. Younger age, absence of vomiting, diffusely decreased breath sounds, and normal capillary refill were associated with earlier TCS. Children who did not reach stability were not more likely to revisit after discharge.

CONCLUSIONS

A TCS outcome consisting of physiologic variables may be useful for objectively assessing disease recovery and clinical readiness for discharge among children hospitalized with CAP. TCS may decrease length of stay if implemented to guide discharge decisions. Clinicians can consider factors associated with earlier TCS for management decisions.
Bight Fracture Zone Experiment: Moored Instrument Data Report, July 2015 - July 2017
Authors:   Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Furey Heather , Ramsey Andree L. , Bower, Amy S.
Published: April 2024

This document describes the steps used for the initial processing of the Bight Fracture Zone mooring data, collected between July 2015 – July 2017. The data were collected using SBE MicroCATs and Nobska MAVS- 4 Acoustic Current Meters. The initial processing for both the MicroCAT and MAVS-4 consisted of removing data collected while out of water, replacing data outliers with NaNs, and correcting drifts in the data. In addition, the MAVS-4 data were transformed from instrument coordinates to earth coordinates and magnetic declination was correction was applied.
Identification of Key Chondrocyte Apoptosis-Related Genes in Osteoarthritis Based on Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis and Experimental Verification
Authors: Wang Wei , Hong Junyi , Cao Tianyi , Ye Fusheng , Gao Junwei , Qin Shumei
Published: April 2024

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the primary cause of disability worldwide. Chondrocyte apoptosis has important implications for OA onset and progression. This work was designed to explore the mechanisms of chondrocyte apoptosis in OA and identify key chondrocyte apoptosis-related genes (CARGs). GSE32317 and GSE55235 datasets were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. OA-associated module genes were determined via weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) in GSE32317. CARGs were acquired from public databases. ClusterProfiler was employed for GO and KEGG analyses. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network establishment was realized via the STRING database and Cytoscape, and the hub genes were screened by MCC, MNC, and DMNC algorithms of cyto-Hubba. The diagnostic values of the hub CARGs in OA in GSE55235 were verified via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. C28/I2 cells were stimulated with IL-1Β to establish the in vitro OA model. WGCNA identified 9,141 OA-related genes and 248 CARGs, resulting in 75 CARGs in OA. GO and KEGG analyses demonstrated that the 75 CARGs were primarily enriched in response to lipopolysaccharide, transcription regulator complex, and DNA-binding transcription factor binding, along with NF-kappa B and TNF signaling pathways. NFKB1 and ICAM1 were identified as the hub CARGs in OA through the three algorithms, which showed favorable prognostic values for OA. Notably, both bioinformatics analysis and in vitro assays revealed upregulated NFKB1 and ICAM1 expression in OA. NFKB1 and ICAM1 were the hub CARGs in OA, and might serve as diagnostic signatures and therapeutic targets for OA therapy.
Cross-sectional geometrical characteristic for the bends along the lower Jingjiang reach
Authors: Tian Haoyong , Yao Chenchen , Ren Zaimin , Zeng Zhaofang , Guo Jing , Yu Minghui , Xia Chunchen
Published: April 2024

The evolution of bar–pool configurations in response to upstream damming has significant impacts on channel regulations, navigations, water intakes and protection projects. This paper reports on and analyses the evolution of bar–pool configurations in bends along the lower Jingjiang reach (LJR) after the impoundment of the Three Gorge dam (TGD), which is distinguished from the natural evolution of the bends. The main factors in the different adjustments of bar–pool configurations are the changes in incoming flow and sediment regime during pre- and post-TGD periods. To capture the changes in the bar–pool configurations, a new cross-sectional geometrical characteristic is presented – relative lateral distance of the centroid (RLDC). RLDC has close relations with the incoming sediment coefficient (i.e. incoming discharge divided by suspended sediment concentration during flood season). RLDC is better than the conventional cross-sectional geometrical characteristic (e.g. width-to-depth ratio) to indicate the bar–pool configurations downstream of large dam projects. Based on the delayed response model, values of RLDC in the bends of the LJR are related to the previous 4–6 years’ incoming sediment coefficient, and the correlation coefficient is about 0.90. RLDC is expected to capture the variations of bar–pool configurations in the bends downstream of the large dam project.
Volatility and International Interactions in Financial Markets: An Analysis of the Turkish Stock Exchange and G7 Countries
Authors: Olgun Semih , Polat Müslüm
Published: April 2024

Using mean and variance causality analysis, this study examines the volatility relationship between Turkish and G7 stock markets. Weekly return data from May 29, 2009, to June 6, 2023, is utilized for the analysis. The Hong mean and variance causality analysis method is employed as the methodology. Based on the results of the study, Turkey and Japan's stock markets have a significant mean causality relationship. Moreover, the variance causality analysis demonstrates a strong relationship between Turkey and stock markets of Canada, France, Germany, Japan, and the United States. The findings contribute to portfolio diversification strategies and highlight the importance of understanding the dynamics of international financial markets.
What is your optimal target of oxygen during general anesthesia in pediatric patients?
Authors: Cho Sung-Ae
Published: April 2024

The optimal oxygen target during general anesthesia remains difficult to define in pediatric and adult patients. Although access to pediatric patients has become difficult owing to a decrease in birth rate, pediatric anesthesia remains an important part of anesthesiology, and oxygenation related to general anesthesia is an essential part of any anesthesiologist. The use of oxygen has increased survival rates in adults and children; however, the side effects related to oxygen use have also increased. This review addresses the considerations of oxygenation in pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia.