bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LARANGAN MONOPOLI DAN PENIMBUNAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF HADITS
Authors: Bin Ruba Sarwani
Published: November 2020

Jurnal ini menjelaskan tentang larangan monopoli dan penimbunan dalam perspektif Hadits ataupun Islam. Yang dimana monopoli dapat diartikan sebagai suatu bentuk penguasaan pengadaan barang dan jasa di pasaran oleh satu orang maupun sekelompok orang. Monopoli diklasifikasikan menjadi dua kategori yaitu monopoli individualistik dan monopoli gabungan. Sedangkan penimbunan merupakan membeli barang dalam jumlah yang besar untuk disimpan dan dijual kembali dengan harga tinggi. Dalam hukum ekonomi Islam, disebutkan bahwa prinsip keadilan dan asas maslahat ditujukan untuk mencapai pemerataan dan keseimbangan dalam bidang ekonomi. Islam sangat melarang segala bentuk praktek monopoli dan penimbunan karena akan berdampak terjadinya kesenjangan sosial dan keadaan ekonomi di kalangan masyarakat pun akan menurun. Maka dari itu, pemerintah sebaiknya harus lebih tegas dalam mengimplementasikan UU Anti monopoli dalam semua praktek kegiatan ekonomi yang ada di Indonesia
MENGGAGAS PETA JALAN (ROAD MAP) KERJASAMA GEREJA-GEREJA DI SUMATERA UTARA: MENELISIK ULANG SIGNIFIKANSI PGI-W, UEM DAN KN-LWF
Authors: Harahap Ramli
Published: November 2020

Kata menggagas berarti memikirkan sesuatu. Kata ini cocok untuk sebuah usaha perintisan yang mau memulai sebuah rencana dan jalan. Artinya, sesuatu itu belum ada dan masih harus dipikirkan dan diusahakan untuk diwujudnyatakan. Kata menggagas peta jalan kerjasama Gereja-gereja di Sumatera Utara sebenarnya tidak cocok lagi, karena pada dasarnya kerjasama di antara semua Gereja-gereja yang ada di Sumatera Utara sudah mulai dikerjakan oleh Gereja-gereja yang ada di Sumatera Utara. Kerjasama Gereja-gereja di Sumatera Utara ini sudah terwujud dalam berbagai organiasi, seperti: Persekutuan Gereja-gereja Indonesia Wilayah Sumatera Utara (PGIW-SU), Sekretaris Bersama United Evangelical Mission (Sekber UEM), Komite Nasional Lutheran World Federation (KN-LWF), Badan Kerjasama Antar Gereja-gereja (BKAG), Badan Musyawarah Agama-gama (BAMAG), Lembaga Komunikasi Sejahtera (LKS), dan lain-lain.
A double-shot against COVID-19? Hope for a vaccine increases mitigation intentions and emotional well-being by reducing fatalism
Authors: Hayes Joseph , Clerk Laura
Published: November 2020

This research assessed the causal effect of hope for a COVID-19 vaccine on behavioral intentions to support mitigation efforts (e.g., social distancing) and emotional well-being during the coronavirus pandemic. Two studies (N=1297) tested the hypothesis that experimentally manipulated hope for a vaccine would increase mitigation intentions and emotional well-being by reducing fatalism toward COVID-19. In Study 1, hope for the vaccine manipulated with an article that promoted (vs. undermined vs. control) the likelihood that a vaccine would be developed to stop the pandemic. In Study 2, hope was manipulated with real news emerging from vaccine developers indicating that two vaccines highly effective and were nearing ready. Both manipulations reduced COVID-19 fatalism and thereby increased mitigation intentions and emotional well-being. Study 2 furthermore found that positive vaccine news increased people’s intentions to get vaccinated. Implications for COVID-19 mitigation efforts and mental health in the face of the coronavirus pandemic are discussed.
Tata pergaulan dalam islam
Authors: rojarohmatulloh@gmail.com
Published: November 2020

Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang cara islam mengatur pergaulan, baik yang di kenal maupun tidak di kenal dan antar lawan jenis. Dan artikel ini mengajarkan tentang tetauladanan Rasulullah SAW dalam bergaul dengan masyarakat.
The Serendipity Mindset
Authors: AISDL
Published: November 2020

The Serendipity Mindset: The Art and Science of Creating Good Luck
Application of HDM-4 Model in the Structural, Functional, and Economic Variations using Road Maintenance Alternatives: A Case Study at Selected Road Sections in Addis Ababa City
Authors: Demie Million , Quezon Emer , Feyissa Alemayehu
Published: November 2020

Roadway is one of the most crucial transportation modes to cater to inland movement within a country. The agency mandate is to design, construct, and maintain the road to sustain the traffic up to its design life without further strengthening. However, some factors are affecting the performance of the pavement. Most pavements start to show some traces of deterioration after construction and opening to traffic, but once neglected, the distress portions would be aggravated with corresponding increasing maintenance cost. Thus, the road's maintenance has to be carried out at the place, right schedule, right quality, and at the least cost. Since there are different maintenance alternatives, the best strategy has to be chosen following the road's condition and the severity of the damage. To select the best maintenance alternative, calculations on the pavement layer's property are performed. The Highway Development and Management (HDM-4) tool can do such measures to help decide which option is the best by evaluating the economic and structural conditions. This paper contains two significant areas that are studied. First, it was assessed the procedures followed by the city's road authority to develop the appropriate road maintenance strategies. Questionnaire surveys and interviews are used to collect information from the city's road maintenance departments. Second, the project analysis was performed for structural and economic comparison of different maintenance alternatives using HDM-4. In the analyses, three selected road segments are considered and collected important input data like road condition data, road network data, vehicle fleet data, estimated AADT, and International Roughness Index (IRI). There were five maintenance alternatives have been defined, and proposed maintenance alternatives are compared. The selection is based on the deteriorated pavement, which showed the average roughness for every section of the road network, considering an analysis period of 20 years and cost stream ranking for their Net Present Value and IRR. Results indicated that using a mill and replace, and routine maintenance schedule for the selected road networks is economically viable and structurally significant. Hence, the city's road authority is recommended to apply the different maintenance strategies, providing an economical and better performance for the city's road network.
Visual Art Therapy
Authors: Defiani Priska
Published: November 2020

Konseling merupakan proses pemberian bantuan yang dapat digunakan dengan teknik bantuan seperti teknik kesenian. Hal ini dilakukan karena pada proses konseling, banyak konseli yang sulit untuk mengungkapkan atau mengekspresikan dirinya sendiri yang sedang berada di situasi yang buruk. Konseling seni ini dapat menjadi solusi pada permasalahan ini karena konseling seni memiliki berbagai macam kesenian yang dapat digunakan sebagai pencair suasana dan juga dorongan bagi konseli utuk terbuka pada konselor.Visual Art adalah salah satu jenis kesenian yang berupa gambar, atau simbol yang bisa dilihat langsung oleh individu. Contoh dari visual art sangat beragam dan pada setiap jenisnya, terdapat cara yang berbeda pula untuk mengintrepetasikannya kedalam bahasa yang dapat dimengerti. Oleh karena itu, saya akan membahas mengenai visual art in counseling secara lengkap.
Identity leadership in a crisis: A 5R framework for learning from responses to COVID-19
Authors: Haslam S. Alex , Steffens Niklas K , Reicher Stephen , Bentley Sarah
Published: November 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic is the greatest global crisis of our lifetimes and leadership has been critical to societies’ capacity to deal with it. Here effective leadership has brought people together, provided a clear perspective on what is happening and what response is needed, and mobilised the population to act in the most effective ways to bring the pandemic under control. Informed by a model of identity leadership (Haslam, Reicher & Platow, 2020), this review argues that leaders’ ability to do these things is grounded in their ability to represent and advance the shared interests of group members and to create and embed a sense of shared social identity among them (a sense of “us-ness”). For leaders, then, this sense of us-ness is the key resource that they need to marshal in order to harness the support and energy of citizens. The review discusses examples of the successes and failures of different leaders during the pandemic and organises these around five policy priorities related to the 5Rs of identity leadership: Readying, Reflecting, Representing, Realising and Reinforcing. These priorities and associated lessons are relevant not only to the management of COVID-19 but to crisis management and leadership more generally.
Teaching Anti-Utopian/Dystopian Fiction in RFL/EFL Classroom as Intercultural Awareness Raising Tool
Authors: Kleofastova Tetiana , Vysotska Natalia , Muntian Oleksandr
Published: November 2020

The article sets out to explore and substantiate the effectiveness of using anti-Utopian and dystopian fiction in teaching intercultural communication. It is based on the lasting experience of teaching Russian and English languages and cultures to students from many European, Asian, and African countries trained as Russian and English philologists at the Kyiv National Linguistic University. Intercultural literacy is one of the conditions sine qua non for successful communications and career in the rapidly globalizing world. Intercultural awareness in the Foreign Language Classroom can be raised by incorporating literary texts written in target languages into the curriculum. In addition to being instrumental for acquiring linguistic prowess, they can also play a substantial part in fostering (inter)cultural competences in non-native speakers. The two texts by contemporary Russian and British writers (Tatiana Tolstaya’s The Slynx and Jeannette Winterson’s The Stone Gods) were selected as case studies due to their artistry in addressing familiar and relevant human concerns, while containing specific cultural codes to be deciphered and understood by the international students. It was established that the success of the teaching/learning process relies on the interactive dialogic qualities inherent in the texts under study and enabling comparative, interdisciplinary, and cross-cultural approaches to them, thus contributing to the formation of full-fledged intercultural speakers. As demonstrated by the article, current dystopian fiction may serve as an efficient tool in enhancing intercultural competence in international students.
Lingual Means of Imperative in the Lecture and Sermon Discourses
Authors: Kravchenko Nina Oleksandrivna , Bondarenko Kateryna Andriivna
Published: November 2020

he research aims to reveal the peculiarities of the linguistic means of imperative utterances which function in the lecture and sermon discourses. They encourage students/parishioners to engage in the learning process fully. The following tasks were formulated: to categorize imperative utterances in the view of characteristic features of the mentioned discourses; to characterize the lexical-syntactic peculiarities of each type of imperative phrases. The object of the research is an oral English-language institutional discourse of two kinds – academic (lecture) and religious (sermon). The subject of the study is the lexical and syntactic arrangement of imperative utterances in the lecture and sermon discourses. To achieve the aim, both general scientific and unique linguistic research methods found application. Conclusions of the study are as follows: the functioning of imperative utterances in the sermon and lecture discourse is determined by such linguistic and extralinguistic factors as the expressiveness/implicitness of the imperative constructions, the syntactic structure of the imperative constructions, the communicative-pragmatic orientation, and the targeted nature of the order/ localization of the imperative construction in the compositional text structure. In our work, direct and indirect explicit constructions, aimed at an immediate action, are viewed as operational imperative statements. According to the communicative-pragmatic orientation and considering the temporal signs, we distinguish two main types of motivation: simultaneous and post-communicative. The communicative-pragmatic orientation criterion also makes it possible to single out constructions intended to induce physical/mental impact (in lectures) and spiritual/mental impact (in sermons). The prospect of further investigation is studying non-verbal features of lecture and sermon discourses.
Ethical Threats and Existential Safety
Authors: Liudmila Baeva
Published: November 2020

Amidst the development of various manifestations of modern electronic culture, security, communication, and ethics issues are acquiring new features and actualization. An objective of the research is a theoretical analysis of the issues of information ethics in the information and communication environment and threats to existential security. The features of the development of information ethics in electronic culture, associated with a high level of liberalism, utilitarianism, as well as antinomy in solving the problem of freedom and security in the digital environment are revealed. Some ethical issues of virtual communication in the “human-human” and “human-AI” systems are disclosed, the main risks in this area are systematized.
Foreign Direct Investment in Nepal
Authors: Neupane Maheshwor
Published: November 2020

This article is about the relationship between Foreign Direct Investment(FDI) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). It explores the FDI’s linkage with the national income. The data for the study comprised different factors that have a direct linkage with the national economy and its impact. This article is based on the FDI in various sectors in terms of the number of projects, employment created, and the amount invested. It is based on secondary data. The study revealed that FDI sometimes has an independent influence on the economy of the country. A fresh finding of this article is that the contribution of FDI in capital formation and employment is not significant in the Nepalese economy, eventually making less contribution to the GDP of the Nepalese economy. It also revealed that FDI comprises new technologies, management techniques, finance and market access for the production and movement of goods and services. So, Nepal should adopt policies to attract more FDI and implement accordingly.
Modern approaches to physical therapy for men aged 20-30 years with damage to the heel (Achilles) tendon in the post-hospital period
Authors: Kostenko M. P. , Melanich O. O.
Published: November 2020

The article substantiates modern approaches to physical therapy for men aged 20-30 with damage to the heel (Achilles) tendon in the post-hospital period. Damage to the Achilles tendon - the most powerful and strong human tendon - is one of the most common injuries in sports. The most adverse complications usually occur after cessation of immobilization. Most often, this process occurs uncontrollably, and an unreasonably aggressive rehabilitation program will inevitably lead to a re-rupture.

Achilles tendon ruptures are the third most common and account for 20 to 32% of the total number of injuries of large tendons of the musculoskeletal system. Achilles tendon ruptures most often occur in sports that require strong tension and uncoordinated work of the leg muscles. These are sports such as basketball, volleyball, handball, badminton, tennis, football, gymnastics, athletics.

Therapeutic gymnastics tasks: restoring the strength of the calf muscle, learning to walk without support on a stick, exercises to restore the strength of the calf muscle (lifting on the toes, rolling from heel to toe, etc.). First, the exercises are performed with relief from body weight, holding hands on the back of a chair. Complete recovery of function and efficiency occurs 6-8 months after surgery.

Tasks of physical rehabilitation: providing sufficient protection of the tendon for its recovery; promoting the reduction of pain, edema and healing of the surgical access site; normalization of regional lymph flow and blood circulation; counteraction to the adhesion process; teaching the patient to move in bed and with crutches; stimulation of the muscles of the lower leg and thigh; prevention of posture disorders; maintenance of general working capacity; acquaintance with exercises for independent performance at home.
Similarities in Pronunciation and Meaning of Local Languages and Arabic: Study Contrastive Linguistics of Sundanese Language and Impact on Learning Arabic
Authors: Firdaus Rizal , Choerunisa Ana , Amardin Amardin
Published: November 2020

Purpose - This study aimed to reveal the Sunda language words originally from the Arabic in the Sundanese language dictionary of Raden Satdjadibrata. It because the entry and spread of the Arabic language in Indonesia were in line with the entry and spread of Islam in this country. And the entry of Islam carried some words that were not found by the Indonesians before, and it greatly affected their language. Especially, among the Sundanese who use Sunda’s language and most of them are Muslim.

Design/methodology/approach - This study was carried out on the qualitative methods based on the theory of Miles and Huberman, with data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification.

Findings - This study found 92 Sundanese absorption words in the letter M which came from Arabic, and from these words, we can group them into four groups. The first, and it is number 58 Sundanese words that their meaning wasn’t changed from the Arabic meaning. The second, and it's number 8 the words that extended in their meaning. The third, and it's number 13 the words that got narrow in their meaning. And the fourth, and it's number 13 are the words that changed completely their meaning.

Originality/value – from a number of vocabularies found, can be used to facilitate learning Arabic for Sundanese people. so that it can help understand effectively and efficiently.

Paper type – Concept Paper
Learning Model of Speaking Arabic: Field Research Based on Constructivism Theory at Al Muhsinin Islamic Boarding School Kerinci
Authors: Muid Abdul , Abdul Kadir Sulhi Muhamad Daud , Aflisia Noza , Harianto Neldi
Published: November 2020

Purpose - This study aimed to analyze the learning model for speaking Arabic in the perspective of constructivism theory at Al Muhsinin Kerinci Islamic Boarding School and teachers’ effort in supporting the learning model used.

Design/methodology/approach - The research method used by researchers in this study was field research is descriptive qualitative.

Findings - The results showed that the learning model of Arabic speaking skills at Al Muhsinin Kerinci Islamic Boarding School studied contextual learning models consisting of daily communication activities using Arabic, quantum learning models related to independent learning activities and further learning, cooperative learning models including activities morning vocabulary learning and Arabic conversation and problem-based learning models in Arabic discussion.

Originality/value – Learning Arabic speaking skills for non-native speakers in the Boarding School needs to be constructed with complications from a compilation of various learning models.

Paper type – Research Paper
THE PRESUMPTION SYSTEM AS A DISASTROUS FACTOR OF GENETIC ENGINEERING IN POPULI
Authors: Moskovkin L. , Vakurova N.
Published: November 2020

The article describes the phenomenology of the presumption system as mandatory for the application of absolute truths that are not subject to discussion. The ubiquity of presumptions, which have become an immanent feature of everyday and political life, is shown. Using the example of the global campaign pandemic 2020, the author describes the fact that Russia is used to bring real information to the public information field, bypassing presumptions.
УВЕЛИЧЕНИЕ ПРОНИЦАЕМОСТИ ПРИЗАБОЙНОЙ ЗОНЫ ПЛАСТА С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ РЕАГЕНТОВ
Authors: Doskazieva G. , Imangaliyeva G. , Tulegenova O.
Published: November 2020

Представлено обоснование рациональных способов применения полимерных растворов, ПАВ и других химических реагентов для повышения нефтеотдачи и выполнен технологический расчет закачки в пласт
INSTITUTE OF EXEMPTION FROM LIABILITY IN THE CRIMINAL LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN IN THE LIGHT OF HUMANIZATION OF CRIMINAL POLICY
Authors: Bajzakova R. , Rahimzhanova G.
Published: November 2020

The resolution of issues of exemption from criminal liability is of great practical importance, both for the theory and practice of criminal law of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
RESULTS OF PROJECT “5 - 100”: POSITIONS OF LEADING RUSSIAN UNIVERSITIES IN TOP-100 OF THREE LEADING WORLD RANKINGS
Authors: He Zh.
Published: November 2020

The analysis of the positioning of 52 leading Russian universities in three world rankings (QS, THE, ARWU) over a nine-year time interval has been carried out. It is shown that none of these universities, except for Moscow State University, was included in the TOP-100 of the rankings under consideration. Universities that are included in the QS ranking for 8 or 9 consecutive years, as well as universities included in 2020 in the stratified 100-rank intervals of the top parts of this ranking were identified.
Pelatihan Pengembangan Kegiatan Pembelajaran Matematika Berbasis Teknologi Bagi Guru SMA Angkasa Adisutjipto
Authors: Funny Rindu Alriavindra
Published: November 2020

Maraknya siswa menggunakan smartphone di SMA Angkasa Adisutjipto menjadi gangguan utama dalam proses belajar mengajar dikelas. Siswa tidak mendengarkan penjelasan dari guru dan lebih asyik mengecek media sosial atau bahkan bermain game. Hal ini mengakibatkan diberlakukannya aturan untuk menitipkan smartphone kepada Guru Piket setiap hari di beberapa sekolah. Aturan ini menjadi sebuah dilema bagi pihak sekolah terkait kebutuhan dan kebebasan siswa untuk berkomunikasi sehingga butuh suatu alternatif yang dapat menjembatani kebebasan siswa dalam berkomunikasi dan penggunaan smartphone dalam proses pembelajaran dikelas. Oleh karena itu produk dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (RPP) dengan media pembelajaran berbasis teknologi yaitu aplikasi Geogebra.Tahapan yang dilakukan meliputipengenalan aplikasi-aplikasi dalam matematika, pelatihan dan pendampingan penyusunan RPP berbasis teknologi kepada guru-guru SMA Angkasa Adisutjipto, dan uji coba RPP kepada siswa.Hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyakarat ini gurumemperoleh pengetahuan tentang aplikasi Geogebra, mampu menggunakan aplikasi Geogebra, mampu menyusun rencana pembelajaran (RPP) dengan menggunakan aplikasi Geogebra serta dapat menerapkannyasebagai bentuk blended learning dalam proses pembelajaran dikelas. Selain itu, kinerja siswa pada saat pelaksanaan pembelajaran sesuai RPP sangat memuaskkan. Para siswa sangat cepat beradaptasi dengan fitur-fitur yang ada pada aplikasi Geogebra pada smartphonemasing-masing.Siswajuga jadi antusias selama pembelajaran dan pada proses diskusi.
Mengenal Nominal Sentences dengan Stepping the 5 Stairs “B” Teknik bagi Anak-anak Pesisir yang Belajar Grammar
Authors: Agust Satria
Published: November 2020

Untuk mengonstruksi kalimat nominal bahasa Inggris perlu menggunakan teknik yang tepat. Teknik itu sendiri menawarkan iklim belajar yang menyenangkan dan mampu membuat penggunanya memahami konsep kontruksi kalimat tersebut dengan baik. Anak-anak pesisir perlu diperkenalkan dengan berbagai macam jenis teknik pembelajaran grammar, salah satunya Stepping the 5 Stairs “B”. Grammar menjadi bagian penting dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris. Stepping the 5 Stairs “B” merupakan teknik pembelajaran grammar yang ditawarkan oleh Tim PkM dan sudah didesain sesuai dengan karakteristik anak-anak pesisir tersebut. Tim PkM menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif sebagai metode pelaksanaan kegiatan PkM ini. Semua anggota Tim PkM turun ke lapangan untuk melakukan survei dan menginterview beberapa orang tua dan anak-anak pesisir. PkM ini telah dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Senggarang yang mana tempat ini terkenal dengan wisata religi bagi turis-turis asing. Kegiatan PkM ini menghasilkan: (1) Tingkat pemahaman anak-anak pesisir untuk mengonstruksi kalimar nominal bahasa Inggris meningkat dengan menerapkan teknik Stepping the 5 Stairs “B”, (2) Motivasi belajar mereka sangat positif untuk belajar grammar dengan menggunakan Stepping the 5 Stairs “B”, dan (3) Harapan perangkat desa, orang tua, dan juga anak-anak pesisir adalah bahwa kegiatan PkM ini tetap berlanjut karena Senggarang merupakan tempat tujuan wisatawan asing.
Overview of Tools for Increasing Effective Demand and Characteristics of Residential Property Buyers
Authors:   OOO NPTS «City Development» (19, structure 3, Mira Avenue, 129090, Moscow, Russian Federation), G.A. KHORKINA , Yu.N. BOGDANOVA ,   Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IE RAS) (32, Nakhimovskiy Avenue, Moscow, 117218, Russian Federation)
Published: November 2020

This paper is based on a study consisting of two semantic blocks. In the first block, the existing tools for increasing effective demand in the market of new buildings in Moscow are considered. The most popular tools for increasing effective demand are identified. The second block provides an overview of the characteristics of real and potential buyers of residential real estate in Moscow. Identifying the characteristics of real buyers is based on data published by analytical and consulting companies, as well as real estate developers. Identification of the characteristics of potential buyers was carried out on the basis of official statistics and information published by the Recruitment Agency. The analysis of the characteristics of buyers was carried out in the context of economic activities, in the context of specialization and qualifications, and the level of wages. The areas of employment, specialties are identified, and the level of wages of a person who is potentially more accessible to purchase housing is estimated. The number of people who, in accordance with the size of their salary, can buy housing in the property is estimated. As a result of the work, the expediency of analyzing the buyer’s portrait (including potential one) on a regular basis is justified in order to implement more flexible regulation of the housing sector, taking into account the needs of city residents and the socio-economic situation.
FOREIGN SERVANTS IN AN INDIAN PRINCELY STATE BHOPAL (19TH — EARLY 20TH CENTURIES)
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of science (MOSCOW), Vanina E. Yu.
Published: November 2020

Bhopal, one of the ‘princely states’ and vassals of the British Empire (Central India), enjoyed special favour with its sovereign. Throughout a century, it was ruled by four generations of women who gained themselves, in India and outside, the reputation of enlightened and benevolent monarchs. Archival documents and memoirs allow glancing at the hitherto hidden world of domestic servants who not only ensured the comfortable and luxurious life of the princely family, but its high status too, both for fellow Indians and for British colonial administrators. Among the numerous servants employed by the Bhopal rulers, freely hired local residents prevailed. However, the natives of some other countries, quite far from India, were conspicuous as well: the article highlights West Europeans, Georgians and Africans (“Ethiopians”). In the princely household, foreign servants performed various functions. While British butlers and Irish or German nannies and governesses demonstrated the ruling family` s “Westernized” lifestyle, Georgian maids and African lackeys showcased the affluence and might of the Bhopal queens. Some foreign servants came to Bhopal by force: the reputation of ‘progressive’ was no obstacle for the Bhopal queens to use slave labour. When such cases became public, the British authorities responded with mild reproaches: condemning slavery, they nevertheless loathed any discord with their trusted vassals.
“LETTERS OF SEA CADET JEAN” AS A SOURCE ON TAIWAN HISTORY DURING SINO-FRENCH WAR OF 1884–1885
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of science (MOSCOW), Molodiakov V. E.
Published: November 2020

Sino-French war of 1884–1885 on land and at sea was significant as the beginning of a new stage of active French colonial policy in the Far East. It was a continuation of the Second French-Vietnamese war of 1883–1886, more known as “Tonkin Campaign”. France wanted to occupy Tonkin (northern Vietnam) and entrench a protectorate there. Tonkin belonged to Chinese sphere of interest because of Hong (Red) river which connected China’s southern provinces with the sea as an important trade route. Armed Conflict between France and China became inevitable. Military operations of the Far East squadron under the command of Admiral Amédée Courbet (1827–1885) become an important part of the campaign: Defeat of Chinese fleet in the Battle of Fuzhou, capture of Keelung, blockade of Taiwan’s ports, occupation of the Pescadores. This article for the first time introduces in the Russian language the “letters of sea cadet Jean” — letters from a sea cadet of Courbet’s squadron who depicted different episodes of the campaign, including landing and stay at Taiwan, relations with local authorities and population, Chinese and aborigines. For the first time the letters were published in 1890/91 in French and re-published with some notes in 2005; there is no translation into any foreign language so far. Written by a young seaman under a culture shock from a completely new and surprising world these letters are valuable for the sincerity of the story, freshness of the impressions and certain literary merits.
ISLAMIC COINS FROM EASTERN GIZA (EGYPT)
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of science (MOSCOW), Goncharov E. Yu. , Malykh S. E. ,   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of science (MOSCOW)
Published: November 2020

The article focuses on the attribution of one gold and two copper coins discovered by the Russian Archaeological Mission of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS in the ancient Egyptian necropolis of Giza. Coins come from mixed fillings of the burial shafts of the Ancient Egyptian rock-cut tombs of the second half of the 3rd millennium B.C. According to the archaeological context, the coins belong to the stages of the destruction of ancient burials that took place during the Middle Ages and Modern times. One of the coins is a Mamluk fals dating back to the first half of the 14th century A.D., the other two belong to the 1830s — the Ottoman period in Egypt, and are attributed as gold a buchuk hayriye and its copper imitation. Coins are rare for the ancient necropolis and are mainly limited to specimens of the 19th–20th centuries. In general, taking into account the numerous finds of other objects — fragments of ceramic, porcelain and glass utensils, metal ware, glass and copper decorations, we can talk about the dynamic nature of human activity in the ancient Egyptian cemetery in the 2nd millennium A.D. Egyptians and European travelers used the ancient rock-cut tombs as permanent habitats or temporary sites, leaving material traces of their stay.
General Collective Intelligence as the Emerging Paradigm in Human-Centric Design for Sustainability
Authors: Williams Andy E
Published: November 2020

A recently developed framework for modelling cognition defines General Collective Intelligence or GCI as Collective Intelligence (CI) with general problem solving ability. Where CI uses the intelligence of crowds to optimize decision-making, a GCI must also optimize the choice of problem to solve. This framework represents a GCI as an adaptive problem solving system with problem solving segmented across a hierarchy of problem solving domains, one of which is adaptation through cooperation between functional components of the system. This domain defines how functionality is segmented across different components of a system in order to maximize outcomes, or in summary, balances centralization with decentralization. Where one function is more important to overall fitness than another, centralized cooperation prioritizes that function so that overall outcomes can be maximized. Decentralized cooperation maximizes outcomes for all participating components equally to remove the barriers that align decision-making with the interests of a subset of the group, which forces groups to solve the wrong problems. One such group problem is design and manufacturing for sustainability. Recent work has challenged the idea that process improvements will yield technologies with enough of an increase in efficiency to permit green growth while still reducing climate and other environmental impact. This paper proposes that designing all products and services according to the principles of GCI gives sufficient competitive advantage to businesses that cooperate to reduce consumption and increase sustainability, to make green growth not only possible but reliably achievable. This paper also provides an overview of what GCI based design and manufacturing of products and services for sustainability looks like. Leveraging GCI to achieve sustainability is explored as an example of biomimicry, and nature is shown to use the same approach to design living things. From this perspective, organisms are a collection of cells that cooperate to optimize functional designs according to well-defined principles in order to maximize the sustainability of the organism as a collective. Sustainability is represented as a mathematical pattern of stability implemented through these principles, a pattern which the 3.5 billion year history of the earth has thoroughly tested, and which therefore is robust enough to be replicated in all products and services, and once launched is stable enough as a pattern of cooperation to be sustainable in all organizations.
Taking into account the peculiarities of thinking in the process of speech therapy work
on the development of the lexical side of speech in preschool children with erased dysarthria
Authors: Shibarshina Olga Yu.
Published: November 2020

When dysarthria is erased, there are peculiarities in the development of lexical and grammatical order of speech. Research shows that preschool children with erased dysarthria due to early brain damage have features of sensomotor and mental development that may hinder the normal development of the lexical side of speech and thinking in these children. This fact determines the relevance of studying the development of the lexical side of speech in preschool children with erased dysarthria. The article analyzes the results of an experimental study in which 12 children from the preparatory group with erased dysarthria (level 3) took part. The author concluded that speech therapy work to correct the lexical side of speech of older preschool children with erased dysarthria would be more successful if additional thought development work was carried out with them. The high level of development of the lexical side of speech in the children of the experimental group indicates that the additional thinking development work carried out helped to enrich the vocabulary.
Theoretical accents of a new scientific paradigm in art education
Authors: Yan Feng
Published: November 2020

The author explains the value of the approach to the development of a new scientific paradigm in art education. In art education, the moral aspect of teacher training, which can convey to students the need to self-esteem their experiences and the ways in which they are expressed in artistic language, is the most important measure. According to the author, the appeal to philosophical foundations, cultural values, historical facts of experimental achievements, creating new stages for the development of civilization as a whole, forms a special national and cultural appeal for the unity of a multinational country. Consequently, the formation of a single digital educational platform for countries such as China and Russia requires clarifying the relationship between the nurturing and forming professional components of the learning process.
RECONSIDERING A. B. MARIENGOF’S PROSE IN RUSSIAN JOURNALISM: FROM PERESTROIKA TO THE PRESENT DAY
Authors: Murtazina Daria R.
Published: November 2020

The article analyzes and describes the journalistic reception of Mariengof’s prose from the 1980s to 2019. After the scandal around the „Novel without Lies” in 1927–1929, the return of Mariengof’s prose to the general reader and, consequently, the interpretation by literary critics, took place in several stages. After a long pause, the Mariengof’s prose was published in 1988 and then republished many times. In 2000–2010, a new wave of study and rethinking of the writer’s work began – thanks to the writer Z. Prilepin and researcher O. Demidov. The author gives a brief description of the reception of the publication in 1965. The author subjects the key publications about Mariengof’s prose, which were published in 1988-2019 in such publications as “Book Review”, “Literary Review”, “Neva”, “Our Contemporary”, “New World”, “Free Press”, etc. to detailed description and analysis. Each of the stages is analyzed by the author separately, and at the end he sums up how the image of Mariengof in journalistic texts has changed from perestroika to the present day.
Techniques of Yuri Annenkov’s verbal painting (on the example of the literary portrait “Boris Pasternak”)
Authors: Olyunina Margarita V.
Published: November 2020

The article analyzes the ways of creating a verbal portrait in the memoirs of Yu. Annenkov’s „Boris Pasternak” with the substantiation of genre and style features of the considered verbal image which allows to take a fresh look at the already textbook image of the writer. Capturing the image of the poet and prose writer B. Pasternak, the painter creates both a self-portrait and the portrait of the era. Thus, Yuri Annenkov’s literary heritage turns out to be the second portrait gallery, for which the artist once again paints his relatives and dear people, who remained on his canvases. The purpose of this work is an attempt to show the features of verbal image in Yuri Annenkov’s book of memoirs “Diary of my meetings”, “Cycle of tragedies” on the example of the essay “Boris Pasternak”, to enrich the image of the writer through the prism of perception of his contemporary artist. This study is based on comparative historical and functional methods and is based on the works of contemporary literary scholars engaged in the theory and history of prose portrait.
Experience in the use of distance education at the university
Authors: Yudina Elena N.
Published: November 2020

The article analyzes personal experience in distance learning using the Microsoft Teams application. The author defines distance education as a form of interaction between a teacher and a student and a student’s independent work using information technology in accordance with the educational program. The article presents the results of the author’s sociological study, conducted with the help of qualitative and quantitative methods of information collection. 30 free unstructured interviews and a small questionnaire survey were conducted. There were 250 respondents. The results of the survey lead to the conclusion that as a forced measure, most participants in the educational process took this type of training positively. In the future, distance education can be recommended for use in full-time and part-time educational formats.
Interactive educational systems in the context of e-learning and blended learning
Authors: Gerasimov Mikhail L. , Kazgunov Anton A. , Orlova Irina V. , Osipova Olga P.
Published: November 2020

The article considers and analyzes issues related to the problems of organizing e-learning, the use of distance learning technologies in organizing the educational process in the extreme conditions of the period of self-isolation in 2020. On the basis of the sociological survey of pupils and teachers the article defines the readiness of the educational organizations, teachers trained to use information technologies in the course of remote/e-Learning in the event of unforeseen force majeure and insuperable circumstances.
To the issue of the need for a unified concept of school historical education in the Russian Federation
Authors: Kryuchkova Elena A.
Published: November 2020

The article considers the role of educational concepts as a tool for improving the quality of Russian education. The stages of the development of the Concept of the academic subject „History” are highlighted, starting with the appearance of the Concept of a new educational and methodological complex on Russian history, which includes the Historical and Cultural Standard (2014). The reasons for the separation of two educational courses („History of Russia” and „General History”), which make up a single academic subject „History” at the level of basic documents, are analyzed. The author considers and substantiates the need for a unified concept of school history education in the Russian Federation: general scientific-historical, didactic, methodological approaches; the role of Russia in key events in world history, the importance of Russian culture: through the general historical context; using the educational potential of history, etc. The question is raised about the expediency of developing a holistic concept of school history education, which would include the following structural and thematic units: the course „History of Russia”, the course „General history”, the regional component on history education, the system of additional history education.
A model for the formation and development of students’ critical thinking in the process of teaching econometrics
Authors: Garanina Irina Yu.
Published: November 2020

The article considers the definitions of the term „critical thinking” by various researchers in terms of a problematic approach to learning. The levels of forming of critical thinking, indicators of forming students’ critical thinking typical for the process of studying the discipline „Econometrics” have been defined. The author’s model for improving the critical thinking of undergraduate students in the field of „Economics” in the study of „Econometrics” as part of a personal and professionally oriented approach to teaching is presented. The results of a pedagogical experiment to improve the level of students’ critical thinking are presented. The efficiency of the proposed model implementation has been assessed using mathematical statistics methods.
Small-scale Citrus Farming among Selected Countries: Determinants for Exports and Production
Authors: Kau J.S.
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The objective of the analyses in the paper is to determine a combination of factors that enhances production and export capacity among selected countries practising small-scale citrus farming. Data was sourced through internet search using the search engine of EBSCO discovery and Scopus. Data was analysed using the multiclass discriminant analysis and frequency tables. The results shows that among the 10 sampled countries, the following population size, the rate of citrus consumption in local markets, availability of arable land, processing capacity, proximity to European markets and the counter-seasonal effect with Europe are important fa ctors. For South Africa, important factors are big farm sizes and high crop yield. The income derived from small farms such as those of China and India, is not enough to lift farmers out of poverty. It is recommended for governments to determine a viable size of a citrus farm, which will improve farmer’s living conditions.
The needs analysis of archaebacteria and eubacteria web-based biology learning media
Authors: Hidayah Maulida Ulfa , Lumowa Sonja V.T. , Boleng Didimus Tanah
Published: November 2020

The media used in learning archaebacteria and eubacteria are very varied, but there are still obstacles in the delivery of subject matter, so it is necessary that the formulation of media developed. The purpose of this research was to analyze the needs of developing web-based biology learning media on archaebacteria and eubacteria material for students of X-grade high school. The research sample was determined by a purposive sampling technique considering school status, conditions, school facilities, and students' characteristics. There are 3 samples of schools, namely 2 public schools and 1 private school in Balikpapan city. The research data were collected using observation and interview guidelines, the research data were also analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. The conclusions of this study: 1) the use of learning media as a teaching resource in the biology learning process that occurs in the field has not been carried out optimally; 2) archaebacteria and eubacteria material is difficult material; 3) Learning media that need to be developed on archaebacteria and eubacteria material is web-based media, namely multimedia that combines learning resources in the form of text, images, animation, practice questions, glossaries, sounds, and videos equipped with back sounds and captions.Keywords: Needs analysis, media learning, web-based, archaebacteria, eubacteria
The scrapbook media quality and effectiveness: Motivation of biology students senior high school
Authors: Yusnaeni Yusnaeni , Ratu Felanda , Imaculata Mbing Maria , Sudirman Sudirman
Published: November 2020

Motivation has an important role in improving learning quality. Scrapbook media can be an alternative learning media because it can be equipped with stimulus images that can attract interest and stimulate learning motivation. This research was a research development by adapting the ADDIE model. Scrapbook validity is measured from the results of expert and empirical validation. Expert validation includes media experts and material experts, while empirical validation by teacher and student. Product quality is the result of the implementation and the responses by students and teachers. Scrapbook effectiveness is seen from the increase in students' learning motivation when learning to use scrapbook. The instruments used were: teacher and student interview guidelines, material and media expert validation, field validation for teachers and students, and student motivation. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the quality of the scrapbook media was stated to be very valid with an average rating was 3.725 expert validators and the empirical validator was 3.45 with a valid category. The results of the implementation of the scrapbook media on total student learning motivation also increased by 24.80%, and the highest increase was in the aspect of initiative in learning which amounted to 33.40%.Keywords: Learning motivation, learning media, scrapbook