bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Serum Lipid Profile in Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy
Authors: Li Miaoling , Zhang Xiongze , Liao Nanying , Ye Baikang , Peng Yuting , Ji Yuying , Wen Feng
Published: December 2016

Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), the predominant subtype of neovascular age-related macular degeneration in the Asian population, is associated with genetic polymorphism of lipid metabolism. In this study, we performed the untargeted lipidomics approach of ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) to reveal the potential discriminating lipid profile of PCV patients in serum (21 PCV patients and 19 age-matched controls). Unsupervised principal component, supervised orthogonal partial least squares analysis, correlation analysis, and heatmap analysis were performed with the data obtained by UPLC-MS. Forty–one discriminating metabolites were identified. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, pathway analysis and functional analysis were performed subsequently, and platelet-activating factor (PAF) was further selected as the key indicator of the distinct lipid metabolism in PCV patients. Finally, the serum level of PAF was validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, which is significantly higher in PCV patients compared to controls (65 PCV patients and 63 age-matched controls, p < 0.0001), consistent with the UPLC-MS analysis. Our results suggested that PAF is considered as the major indicator of the distinct lipid metabolism in PCV patients.
Metal Induced Growth of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides at Controlled Locations
Authors: Wang Zhendong , Huang Qi , Chen Peng , Guo Shouhui , Liu Xiaoqing , Liang Xuelei , Wang Li
Published: December 2016

Metal induced nucleation is adopted to achieve the growth of transition metal dichalcogenides at controlled locations. Ordered arrays of MoS2 and WS2 have successfully been fabricated on SiO2 substrates by using the patterned Pt/Ti dots as the nucleation sites. Uniform MoS2 monolayers with the adjustable size up to 50 μm are grown surrounding these metal patterns and the mobility of such layer is about 0.86 cm2/V·s. The crystalline flakes of WS2 are also fabricated extending from the metal patterns and the electron mobility of these flakes is up to 11.36 cm2/V·s.
Mutational analysis of PRNP in Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia in China
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Jiao Bin , Xiao Tingting , Pan Chuzheng , Liu Xixi , Zhou Lin , Tang Beisha , Shen Lu
Published: December 2016

The prion protein (PRNP) gene is associated with prion diseases, whereas variants of the PRNP gene may also explain some cases of Alzheimer disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) in Caucasian populations. To determine the prevalence of the PRNP gene in patients with AD and FTD in China, we screened all exons of the PRNP gene in a cohort of 683 cases (606 AD and 77 FTD) in the Chinese Han population and we detected a novel missense mutation p.S17G in a late-onset AD (LOAD) patient. Furthermore, we analyzed the PRNP M/V polymorphism at codon 129, which was previously reported as a risk factor. However, there were no significant differences in genotype and allele frequency either in AD (OR = 0.75[0.378–1.49], P = 0.492), or FTD patients (OR = 2.046[0.265–15.783], P = 0.707). To our knowledge, this is the first study to reveal a correlation between the PRNP gene and Chinese AD and FTD patients in a large cohort. This study reports a novel p.S17G mutation in a clinically diagnosed LOAD patient, suggesting that the PRNP mutation is present in Chinese AD patients, whereas, M129V polymorphism is not a risk factor for AD or FTD in the Chinese Han population.
Unc-5 homolog B (UNC5B) is one of the key downstream targets of N-α-Acetyltransferase 10 (Naa10)
Authors: Xu Huiyu , Han Yong , Liu Bing , Li Rong
Published: December 2016

N-α-acetyltransferase 10 (Naa10) displays alpha (N-terminal) acetyltransferase activity. It functions as a major modulator of cell growth and differentiation. Until now, a few downstream targets were found, but no studies have concerned about which gene is the early event of Naa10 downstream target. As we know, the earlier events may play more significant role in Naa10 pathway. Through construction of Naa10 stably knocked down H1299 cell line, we discovered cell morphological changes induced by Naa10. Moreover, potential function of Naa10 in cell morphogenesis was also indicated using cDNA microarray analysis of the Naa10 stably knock-down cell line. We further discovered that netrin-1 (NTN1) and its receptor UNC-5 Homology B (UNC5B) were the early event among the genes involved in Naa10 stably knocked down induced genes expression changes in cell morphogenesis. This was further validated in caudal half region of E10 mouse embryos. Negative regulation of Naa10 towards NTN1 and its receptor UNC5B were also detected upon treatment of all-trans retinoid acid, which was often used to induce morphological differentiation.
The mechanism and application of the protein-stabilized gold nanocluster sensing system
Authors: Li Huili , Zhu Wenli , Wan Ajun , Liu Lanbo
Published: December 2016

This review highlights sensing systems based on protein-Au NCs for the detection of various analytes and the corresponding sensing mechanisms.
Template-free 3D titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXene particles crumpled by capillary forces
Authors: Shah S. A. , Habib T. , Gao H. , Gao P. , Sun W. , Green M. J. , Radovic M.
Published: December 2016

The shape of Ti3C2TxMXenes can be altered using spray drying, providing a new route for controlling MXene nanosheet morphology.
Purification technologies for colloidal nanocrystals
Authors: Shen Yi , Gee Megan Y. , Greytak A. B.
Published: December 2016

Effective and gentle purification methods are essential for describing colloidal nanocrystal surface chemistry, which is key to optimizing nanocrystal technologies.
ORMOCHALCs: organically modified chalcogenide polymers for infrared optics
Authors: Boyd D. A. , Baker C. C. , Myers J. D. , Nguyen V. Q. , Drake G. A. , McClain C. C. , Kung F. H. , Bowman S. R. , Kim W. , Sanghera J. S.
Published: December 2016

The fabrication of sulfur–selenium based ORganically MOdified CHALCogenide (ORMOCHALC) polymers for use in infrared optics.
Fenton's reagent for the rapid and efficient isolation of microplastics from wastewater
Authors: Tagg A. S. , Harrison J. P. , Ju-Nam Y. , Sapp M. , Bradley E. L. , Sinclair C. J. , Ojeda J. J.
Published: December 2016

Fenton's reagent is a very useful preparation method for the efficient and bias-free analysis of microplastics. The catalytic reaction did not affect microplastics chemistry or size, offering a simple, high-speed and low-cost method for processing microplastics present in wastewater or other complex media.
Synthesis of a fluorescent photoaffinity probe of OSW-1 by site-selective acylation of an inactive congener and biological evaluation
Authors: Sakurai K. , Hiraizumi M. , Isogai N. , Komatsu R. , Shibata T. , Ohta Y.
Published: December 2016

A novel fluorescent photoaffinity probe of OSW-1 was prepared in two steps by a sequential site-selective acylation strategy using Me2SnCl2.
Effect of Co co-doping on the optical properties of ZnTe:Mn nanocrystals
Authors: Silva Alessandra S. , Lourenço Sidney A. , da Silva Marco A. T. , da Silva Sebastião W. , Morais Paulo C. , Dantas Noelio O.
Published: December 2016

We study the effect of Co co-doping on the optical properties of Mn-doped ZnTe nanocrystals (NCs) embedded in a glass matrix.
Energetics and structural characterization of the “DFG-flip” conformational transition of B-RAF kinase: a SITS molecular dynamics study
Authors: Shao Qiang , Xu Zhijian , Wang Jinan , Shi Jiye , Zhu Weiliang
Published: December 2016

A combination of a homology modeling technique and an enhanced sampling molecular dynamics simulation implemented using the SITS method is employed to compute a detailed map of the free-energy landscape and explore the conformational transition pathway of B-RAF kinase.
Ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents for lignocellulosic biomass fractionation
Authors: van Osch Dannie J. G. P. , Kollau Laura J. B. M. , van den Bruinhorst Adriaan , Asikainen Sari , Rocha Marisa A. A. , Kroon Maaike C.
Published: December 2016

State of the art overview of the fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass with ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents.
Observation of partial reduction of manganese in the lithium rich layered oxides, 0.4Li2MnO3–0.6LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2, during the first charge
Authors: Shim Hyung Cheoul , Kim Donghan , Shin Dongwook , Hyun Seungmin , Woo Chang-Su , Yu Taehwan , Ahn Jae-Pyoung
Published: December 2016

Lithium-rich layered oxides show promise as high-energy harvesting materials due to their large capacities.
Theoretical study on substituent and solvent effects for nanocubes formed with gear-shaped amphiphile molecules
Authors: Mashiko T. , Hiraoka S. , Nagashima U. , Tachikawa M.
Published: December 2016

We have carried out molecular dynamic simulations to elucidate the stability of hexameric gear-shaped amphiphile nanocube capsules in water, 25% aqueous methanol, and methanol.
On the formation of nitrogen-substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) in circumstellar and interstellar environments
Authors: Parker Dorian S. N. , Kaiser Ralf I.
Published: December 2016

The chemical evolution of extraterrestrial environments leads to the formation of nitrogen substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) via gas phase radical mediated aromatization reactions.
Highly conductive and durable poly(arylene ether sulfone) anion exchange membrane with end-group cross-linking
Authors: Lee Kang Hyuck , Cho Doo Hee , Kim Young Mi , Moon Sun Ju , Seong Jong Geun , Shin Dong Won , Sohn Joon-Yong , Kim Jeong F. , Lee Young Moo
Published: December 2016

A novel end-group crosslinked anion exchange membrane showed the connecting ionic-clustered morphology that improved electrochemical performances and durability for alkaline fuel cell operation.
A bifunctional solid state catalyst with enhanced cycling stability for Na and Li–O2cells: revealing the role of solid state catalysts
Authors: Yadegari Hossein , Norouzi Banis Mohammad , Lushington Andrew , Sun Qian , Li Ruying , Sham Tsun-Kong , Sun Xueliang
Published: December 2016

The role of solid state catalysts in Na– and Li–O2peroxide cells has been revealed through detailed electrochemical and spectroscopic analysis.
Fe, Ru, and Os complexes with the same molecular framework: comparison of structures, properties and catalytic activities
Authors: Yoshida Masaki , Kondo Mio , Okamura Masaya , Kanaike Mari , Haesuwannakij Setsiri , Sakurai Hidehiro , Masaoka Shigeyuki
Published: December 2016

A series of group 8 metal complexes with the same molecular framework, [M(PY5Me2)L]n+ (M = Fe, Ru, and Os; PY5Me2 = 2,6-bis[1,1-bis(2-pyridyl)ethyl]pyridine; L = monodentate ligand), were successfully synthesized and structurally characterized. The spectroscopic and electrochemical properties as well as the catalytic activity for water oxidation of these complexes were investigated.
The scale-up of continuous biphasic liquid/liquid reactions under super-heating conditions: methodology and reactor design
Authors: Mandrelli Francesca , Buco Alessia , Piccioni Lorenzo , Renner Florian , Guelat Bertrand , Martin Benjamin , Schenkel Berthold , Venturoni Francesco
Published: December 2016

In this paper we explore and propose a methodology for the scale-up of continuous biphasic liquid/liquid reactions under super-heating conditions.
Steering air bubbles with an add-on vacuum layer for biopolymer membrane biofabrication in PDMS microfluidics
Authors: Pham Phu , Vo Thanh , Luo Xiaolong
Published: December 2016

A simple add-on vacuum layer on PDMS microchannels guides the dissipation of air bubbles and the biofabrication of biopolymer membranes.
3D printed metal molds for hot embossing plastic microfluidic devices
Authors: Lin Tung-Yi , Do Truong , Kwon Patrick , Lillehoj Peter B.
Published: December 2016

We demonstrate a unique approach for fabricating plastic microfluidic devices via hot embossing using 3D printed metal molds.
Carboxylatopillar[n]arenes: a versatile class of water soluble synthetic receptors
Authors: Dasgupta Suvankar , Mukherjee Partha Sarathi
Published: December 2016

Carboxylatopillar[n]arenes (CP[n]As,n= 5, 6, 7, 9, 10) constitute a family of water soluble synthetic receptors. These receptors are excellent hosts for a wide range of cationic organic molecules and have shown promising application in the fields of stimuli-responsive supramolecular assemblies, targeted drug delivery vehicles and sensors. Analogous metal-coordinated prismatic structures have shown excellent affinities for analytes.
Switching substitution groups on the in-tether chiral centre influences backbone peptides’ permeability and target binding affinity
Authors: Jiang Yixiang , Hu Kuan , Shi Xiaodong , Tang Qingzhuang , Wang ZiChen , Ye Xiyang , Li Zigang
Published: December 2016

Different in-tether chiral centres show distinguishable properties, proving in-tether chiral centres are a valuable modification site for constructing peptide ligands.
Dual transitions of toothbrush-like double hydrophilic block copolymers
Authors: Sun Lu , Zhou Yang , Zhou Xufeng , Fu Qiang , Zhao Sijie , Tu Xiaoyan , Zhang Xiaolong , Ma Liwei , Liu Mingzhu , Wei Hua
Published: December 2016

An interesting thermo-regulated dual transition from unimers to vesicles, and finally to micelles, was reported for the first time based on a toothbrush-like double hydrophilic block copolymer.
Complexation of NpO2+with (2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA) in aqueous solutions: thermodynamic studies and structural analysis
Authors: Li Xingliang , Zhang Zhicheng , Martin Leigh R. , Luo Shunzhong , Rao Linfeng
Published: December 2016

The complexation of Np(v) with HEDTA in aqueous solutions was investigated by spectrophotometry, microcalorimetry and EXAFS. Thermodynamic parameters were determined and coordination modes also discussed.
Conductive casting films based on an octasilicate-core dendrimer containing the mixed-valence state TCNQ on the periphery
Authors: Irie Yasuyuki , Li Lina , Imoto Hiroaki , Komada Megumi , Nishino Takashi , Naka Kensuke
Published: December 2016

An imidazolium–TCNQ anion radical terminated octasilicate (OS)-core dendrimer was synthesized to form conductive films by casting with the neutral TCNQ.
Highly transparent and self-healing films based on the dynamic Schiff base linkage
Authors: Ren Jiaoyu , Zhu Yanxi , Xuan Hongyun , Liu Xuefan , Lou Zhichao , Ge Liqin
Published: December 2016

In this study, we report highly transparent self-healing films based on Schiff base linkages between DF-PEG and CS via a layer-by-layer technique.
Rare bi-wetting TiO2-F/SiO2/F-PEG fabric coating for self-cleaning and oil/water separation
Authors: Shen Ting , Li Shuzhen , Wang Zhenwei , Wang Lei
Published: December 2016

Herein, we report a novel coating of mixed organic–inorganic composition, which combines both super-hydrophilicity and super-oleophobicity, and features a micro/nano hierarchical roughness structure.
Carbon dioxide conversion to synthetic fuels using biocatalytic electrodes
Authors: Schlager Stefanie , Fuchsbauer Anita , Haberbauer Marianne , Neugebauer Helmut , Sariciftci Niyazi Serdar
Published: December 2016

Carbon dioxide has evolved from being considered as a greenhouse gas to valuable carbon feedstock for the generation of artificial fuels and valuable chemicals.
Controlled self-assembly of Ni foam supported poly(ethyleneimine)/reduced graphene oxide three-dimensional composite electrodes with remarkable synergistic effects for efficient oxygen evolution
Authors: Zhao Ming , Yuan Weiyong , Li Chang Ming
Published: December 2016

Ni foam supported PEI/RGO 3-D composite electrodes were controllably self-assembled, showing superior OER catalytic performance attributed to remarkable synergistic interactions.
Controlled synthesis of Mo-doped Ni3S2nano-rods: an efficient and stable electro-catalyst for water splitting
Authors: Cui Zheng , Ge Yuancai , Chu Hang , Baines Robert , Dong Pei , Tang Jianhua , Yang Yang , Ajayan Pulickel M. , Ye Mingxin , Shen Jianfeng
Published: December 2016

Fabrication of stable, efficient, and inexpensive bifunctional electro-catalysts for water splitting has become increasingly attractive.
AB3-loaded and tumor-targeted unimolecular micelles for medullary thyroid cancer treatment
Authors: Jaskula-Sztul Renata , Chen Guojun , Dammalapati Ajitha , Harrison April , Tang Weiping , Gong Shaoqin , Chen Herbert
Published: December 2016

Multifunctional unimolecular micelles conjugated with KE108, a superior MTC-targeting ligand, were developed for targeted delivery of AB3 to treat MTC.
Zigzag double-chain C–Be nanoribbon featuring planar pentacoordinate carbons and ribbon aromaticity
Authors: Li Jia-Jia , Mu Yuewen , Tian Xinxin , Yuan Caixia , Wu Yan-Bo , Wang Qiang , Li Debao , Wang Zhi-Xiang , Li Si-Dian
Published: December 2016

Opening of a Be–Be edge stabilizes the planar pentacoordinate carbons (ppCs) in a nanoribbon geometrically.
Mitochondrial fission and fusion
Authors: Lee Hakjoo , Yoon Yisang
Published: December 2016

Mitochondrial fission and fusion have been recognized as critical processes in the health of mitochondria and cells. Two decades of studies have generated a great deal of information about mitochondrial fission and fusion; however, still much needs to be understood for the basic molecular mechanisms of these important cellular processes. The core protein factors for mitochondrial fission and fusion are dynamin proteins that possess membrane-remodeling properties. This short review covers a recent development and understanding of the mechanisms by which these mechanochemical enzymes mediate mitochondrial fission and fusion.
Regulation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) tumor suppressor function by PME-1
Authors: Kaur Amanpreet , Westermarck Jukka
Published: December 2016

Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) plays a major role in maintaining cellular signaling homeostasis by dephosphorylation of a variety of signaling proteins and acts as a tumor suppressor. Protein phosphatase methylesterase-1 (PME-1) negatively regulates PP2A activity by highly complex mechanisms that are reviewed here. Importantly, recent studies have shown that PME-1 promotes oncogenic MAPK/ERK and AKT pathway activities in various cancer types. In human glioma, high PME-1 expression correlates with tumor progression and kinase inhibitor resistance. We discuss the emerging cancer-associated function of PME-1 and its potential clinical relevance.
Translational control by mTOR-independent routes: how eIF6 organizes metabolism
Authors: Miluzio Annarita , Ricciardi Sara , Manfrini Nicola , Alfieri Roberta , Oliveto Stefania , Brina Daniela , Biffo Stefano
Published: December 2016

Over the past few years, there has been a growing interest in the interconnection between translation and metabolism. Important oncogenic pathways, like those elicited by c-Myc transcription factor and mTOR kinase, couple the activation of the translational machinery with glycolysis and fatty acid synthesis. Eukaryotic initiation factor 6 (eIF6) is a factor necessary for 60S ribosome maturation. eIF6 acts also as a cytoplasmic translation initiation factor, downstream of growth factor stimulation. eIF6 is up-regulated in several tumor types. Data on mice models have demonstrated that eIF6 cytoplasmic activity is rate-limiting for Myc-induced lymphomagenesis. In spite of this, eIF6 is neither transcriptionally regulated by Myc, nor post-transcriptionally regulated by mTOR. eIF6 stimulates a glycolytic and fatty acid synthesis program necessary for tumor growth. eIF6 increases the translation of transcription factors necessary for lipogenesis, such as CEBP/β, ATF4 and CEBP/δ. Insulin stimulation leads to an increase in translation and fat synthesis blunted by eIF6 deficiency. Paradoxycally, long-term inhibition of eIF6 activity increases insulin sensitivity, suggesting that the translational activation observed upon insulin and growth factors stimulation acts as a feed-forward mechanism regulating lipid synthesis. The data on the role that eIF6 plays in cancer and in insulin sensitivity make it a tempting pharmacological target for cancers and metabolic diseases. We speculate that eIF6 inhibition will be particularly effective especially when mTOR sensitivity to rapamycin is abrogated by RAS mutations.
Against the tide: the role of bacterial adhesion in host colonization
Authors: Stones Daniel Henry , Krachler Anne Marie
Published: December 2016

Evolving under the constant exposure to an abundance of diverse microbial life, the human body has developed many ways of defining the boundaries between self and non-self. Many physical and immunological barriers to microbial invasion exist, and yet bacteria have found a multitude of ways to overcome these, initiate interactions with and colonize the human host. Adhesion to host cells and tissues is a key feature allowing bacteria to persist in an environment under constant flux and to initiate transient or permanent symbioses with the host. This review discusses reasons why adhesion is such a seemingly indispensable requirement for bacteria–host interactions, and whether bacteria can bypass the need to adhere and still persist. It further outlines open questions about the role of adhesion in bacterial colonization and persistence within the host.
New nuclear and perinuclear functions of formins
Authors: Isogai Tadamoto , Innocenti Metello
Published: December 2016

Formin family proteins (formins) represent an evolutionary conserved protein family encoded in the genome of a wide range of eukaryotes. Formins are hallmarked by a formin homology 1 (FH1) domain juxtaposed to an FH2 domain whereby they control actin and microtubule dynamics. Not surprisingly, formins are best known as key regulators of the cytoskeleton in a variety of morphogenetic processes. However, mounting evidence implicates several formins in the assembly and organization of actin within and around the nucleus. In addition, actin-independent roles for formins have recently been discovered. In this mini-review, we summarize these findings and highlight the novel nuclear and perinulcear functions of formins. In light of the emerging new biology of formins, we also discuss the fundamental principles governing the versatile activity and multimodal regulation of these proteins.
Motility and adhesion through type IV pili in Gram-positive bacteria
Authors: Piepenbrink Kurt H. , Sundberg Eric J.
Published: December 2016

Type IV pili are hair-like bacterial surface appendages that play a role in diverse processes such as cellular adhesion, colonization, twitching motility, biofilm formation, and horizontal gene transfer. These extracellular fibers are composed exclusively or primarily of many copies of one or more pilin proteins, tightly packed in a helix so that the highly hydrophobic amino-terminus of the pilin is buried in the pilus core. Type IV pili have been characterized extensively in Gram-negative bacteria, and recent advances in high-throughput genomic sequencing have revealed that they are also widespread in Gram-positive bacteria. Here, we review the current state of knowledge of type IV pilus systems in Gram-positive bacterial species and discuss them in the broader context of eubacterial type IV pili.
The unconventional G-protein cycle of LRRK2 and Roco proteins
Authors: Terheyden Susanne , Nederveen-Schippers Laura M. , Kortholt Arjan
Published: December 2016

Mutations in the human leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the most frequent cause of hereditary Parkinson's disease (PD). LRRK2 belongs to the Roco family of proteins, which are characterized by the presence of a Ras of complex proteins domain (Roc), a C-terminal of Roc domain (COR) and a kinase domain. Despite intensive research, much remains unknown about activity and the effect of PD-associated mutations. Recent biochemical and structural studies suggest that LRRK2 and Roco proteins are noncanonical G-proteins that do not depend on guanine nucleotide exchange factors or GTPase-activating proteins for activation. In this review, we will discuss the unusual G-protein cycle of LRRK2 in the context of the complex intramolecular LRRK2 activation mechanism.
First model of dimeric LRRK2: the challenge of unrevealing the structure of a multidomain Parkinson's-associated protein
Authors: Guaitoli Giambattista , Gilsbach Bernd K. , Raimondi Francesco , Gloeckner Christian Johannes
Published: December 2016

Mutations within the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene represent the most common cause of Mendelian forms of Parkinson's disease, among autosomal dominant cases. Its gene product, LRRK2, is a large multidomain protein that belongs to the Roco protein family exhibiting GTPase and kinase activity, with the latter activity increased by pathogenic mutations. To allow rational drug design against LRRK2 and to understand the cross-regulation of the G- and the kinase domain at a molecular level, it is key to solve the three-dimensional structure of the protein. We review here our recent successful approach to build the first structural model of dimeric LRRK2 by an integrative modeling approach.
VFF ‐norm penalised WL‐RLS algorithm using DCD iterations for underwater acoustic communication
Authors: Liu Lu , Zhang Youwen , Sun Dajun
Published: December 2016

Based on dichotomous coordinate descent (DCD) iterations and with the use of the variable forgetting factor (VFF), a widely linear (WL) l1‐norm recursive least squares (RLS) adaptive filtering algorithm is proposed for sparse underwater acoustic channelequalization. In the proposed l1‐norm WL‐RLS algorithm with VFF, the WL model is employed to exploit the second order statistics of the non‐circular signals and the VFF is employed to improve the tracking ability of the RLS algorithms. DCD iterations are incorporated in the proposed l1‐norm WL‐RLS‐DCD algorithm with VFF to reduce the computing complexity. Moreover, the proposed algorithms are employed by the direct adaptive decision feedback equalizer (DA‐DFE). Numerical results indicate that compared with the conventional RLS, l1‐norm RLS, WL‐RLS with VFF, l1‐norm WL‐RLS‐DCD algorithms, the proposed algorithms achieve a better performance in terms of the convergence rate, mean square errorand symbol error ratein the DA‐DFE receiver. Experimental results also show that the proposed algorithms can promote the DA‐DFE receiver to obtain a better performance in the sparse time‐varying underwater acoustic communication system. Even though the transmitted signals are circular quadrature phase‐shift keying (QPSK) through the underwater acoustic channel, the proposed adaptive RLS algorithms can still obtain a better performance.
Mode transformation and united control mechanism supporting wavelength division multiplexing Ethernet passive optical network and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing passive optical network in multi‐subsystem‐based virtual passive optical network
Authors: Xie Weilun , Gan Chaoqin , Xia Weidong , Zheng Wen , Yu Haoyi
Published: December 2016

In this study, mode transformation and united control mechanism for multiple subsystems in metro‐access optical network (MAON) are proposed to realise multi‐subsystem‐based virtual passive optical network. By combing the characteristics of multi‐point control protocols (MPCPs) of wavelength division multiplexing Ethernet passive optical network (WDM‐EPON) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing passive optical network (OFDM‐PON), a unified MPCP (U‐MPCP) is proposed. Based on the U‐MPCP, flexible control node and central node are constructed to achieve asynchronous unified control of multiple subsystems. By designing new control frames, the mode transformation between two subsystems (WDM‐EPON and OFDM‐PON) can be carried out. It can not only finish the flexible transformation of optical network unit's (ONU's) working modes but also make the MAON have the backward compatibility to the existing access technologies. By creating transformation algorithm of ONU's working modes, the transmission delay of over‐load subsystem can be effectively reduced when ONU meets the condition of the mode transformation and finishes the transformation. Finally, by simulation, the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is demonstrated.
Output consensus of multi‐agent systems with delayed and sampled‐data
Authors: Chen Fangting , Yu Hui , Xia Xiaohua
Published: December 2016

This study considers the output consensus problem of high‐order leader‐following multi‐agent systems with unknown non‐linear dynamics, in which the delayed and sampled outputs of the system are the only available data. The unknown non‐linear dynamics are assumed to satisfy the Lipschitz condition and the interconnected topologies are assumed to be undirected and connected. A distributed observer‐based output feedback controller is proposed for the system to reach output consensus. Both of the bounds of the allowable delay and sampling period are also obtained. Stability analysis shows that the considered systems are globally exponentially stable under the output feedback controller. Finally, a simulation example is given to validate our theoretical results.
Tunable square slot FSS EC modelling and optimisation
Authors: Ferreira David , Caldeirinha Rafael Ferreira da Silva , Cuiñas Iñigo , Fernandes Telmo Rui
Published: December 2016

An equivalent circuit model for tunable square slot frequency selective surfaces (FSS) is proposed. Tuning is achieved with the inclusion of a discrete capacitance element, at key points within the FSS unit cell. The equivalent circuit model takes into account the FSS physical attributes. The performance of the proposed equivalent circuit model was evaluated against results obtained from appropriate electromagnetic simulations. Results demonstrate the validity of the proposed equivalent circuit model, in which good estimations of the frequency response of FSS structures were obtained. A RMSE value of 190 MHz was extracted from the complete parametric simulation set. The model was further validated against measurements performed on a tunable active FSS prototype inside an anechoic chamber. Tuning of the FSS was achieved by means of bias voltage to modify the varicaps capacitance value. A relatively good agreement was verified between equivalent circuit model, electromagnetic simulations and measurements. Finally, this work is sought to be a useful contribution to the literature on this topic, by improving on the elementary models of such FSS structures and be useful as a good and fast first approach to determine approximate FSS unit cell dimensions.
Estimating the conditional density by histogram type estimators and model selection
Authors: Sart Mathieu
Published: December 2016

We propose a new estimation procedure of the conditional density for independent and identically distributed data. Our procedure aims at using the data to select a function among arbitrary (at most countable) collections of candidates. By using a deterministic Hellinger distance as loss, we prove that the selected function satisfies a non-asymptotic oracle type inequality under minimal assumptions on the statistical setting. We derive an adaptive piecewise constant estimator on a random partition that achieves the expected rate of convergence over (possibly inhomogeneous and anisotropic) Besov spaces of small regularity. Moreover, we show that this oracle inequality may lead to a general model selection theorem under very mild assumptions on the statistical setting. This theorem guarantees the existence of estimators possessing nice statistical properties under various assumptions on the conditional density (such as smoothness or structural ones).
A new method for measuring the rotational accuracy of rolling element bearings
Authors: Chen Ye , Zhao Xiangsong , Gao Weiguo , Hu Gaofeng , Zhang Shizhen , Zhang Dawei
Published: December 2016

The rotational accuracy of a machine tool spindle has critical influence upon the geometric shape and surface roughness of finished workpiece. The rotational performance of the rolling element bearings is a main factor which affects the spindle accuracy, especially in the ultra-precision machining. In this paper, a new method is developed to measure the rotational accuracy of rolling element bearings of machine tool spindles. Variable and measurable axial preload is applied to seat the rolling elements in the bearing races, which is used to simulate the operating conditions. A high-precision (radial error is less than 300 nm) and high-stiffness (radial stiffness is 600 N/μm) hydrostatic reference spindle is adopted to rotate the inner race of the test bearing. To prevent the outer race from rotating, a 2-degrees of freedom flexure hinge mechanism (2-DOF FHM) is designed. Correction factors by using stiffness analysis are adopted to eliminate the influences of 2-DOF FHM in the radial direction. Two capacitive displacement sensors with nano-resolution (the highest resolution is 9 nm) are used to measure the radial error motion of the rolling element bearing, without separating the profile error as the traditional rotational accuracy metrology of the spindle. Finally, experimental measurements are performed at different spindle speeds (100-4000 rpm) and axial preloads (75-780 N). Synchronous and asynchronous error motion values are evaluated to demonstrate the feasibility and repeatability of the developed method and instrument.
Relaxation dynamics of Sierpinski hexagon fractal polymer: Exact analytical results in the Rouse-type approach and numerical results in the Zimm-type approach
Authors: Jurjiu Aurel , Galiceanu Mircea , Farcasanu Alexandru , Chiriac Liviu , Turcu Flaviu
Published: December 2016

In this paper, we focus on the relaxation dynamics of Sierpinski hexagon fractal polymer. The relaxation dynamics of this fractal polymer is investigated in the framework of the generalized Gaussian structure model using both Rouse and Zimm approaches. In the Rouse-type approach, by performing real-space renormalization transformations, we determine analytically the complete eigenvalue spectrum of the connectivity matrix. Based on the eigenvalues obtained through iterative algebraic relations we calculate the averaged monomer displacement and the mechanical relaxation moduli (storage modulus and loss modulus). The evaluation of the dynamical properties in the Rouse-type approach reveals that they obey scaling in the intermediate time/frequency domain. In the Zimm-type approach, which includes the hydrodynamic interactions, the relaxation quantities do not show scaling. The theoretical findings with respect to scaling in the intermediate domain of the relaxation quantities are well supported by experimental results.
A new secondary relaxation in the rigid and planar 1-methylindole: Evidence from binary mixture studies
Authors: Wang Meng , Li Xiangqian , Guo Yuxing , Wu Tao , Liu Ying Dan , Ngai K. L. , Wang Li-Min
Published: December 2016

Found in our recent dielectric study of a planar and rigid glass-former, 1-methylindole (1MID), is an unusual secondary relaxation unrelated in its dynamic properties to the structural α-relaxation. We speculated that it originates from the in-plane motion of the molecules, and the supposedly universal Johari-Goldstein (JG) β-relaxation with strong connection to the structural α-relaxation in rigid glass-formers is not resolved [X. Q. Li et al. J. Chem. Phys. 143, 104505 (2015)]. In this work, dielectric measurements are performed in binary mixtures of 1MID with two aromatics of weak polarity, ethylbenzene (EB) and triphenylethylene (TPE), in the highly viscous regimes near glass transition. EB and TPE have smaller and larger molecular sizes and glass transition temperatures Tg than 1MID, respectively. Strikingly, the results show that the resolved secondary relaxations of 1MID in the two mixtures share the same relaxation time and their temperature dependence as pure 1MID, independent of the mode and degree of dilution. The results indicate that the unusual secondary relaxation is not directly coupled with the α-relaxation, and support the in-plane-rotation interpretation of its origin. On the other hand, the supposedly universal and intermolecular JG β-relaxation coming from the out-of-plane motion of the planar molecule has weaker dielectric strength, and it cannot be resolved from the more intense in-plane-rotation secondary relaxation because the dipole moment of 1MID lies on the plane.
Analysis of flexural wave cloaks
Authors: Climente Alfonso , Torrent Daniel , Sánchez-Dehesa José
Published: December 2016

This work presents a comprehensive study of the cloak for bending waves theoretically proposed by Farhat et al. [see Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 024301 (2009)] and later on experimentally realized by Stenger et al. [see Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 014301 (2012)]. This study uses a semi-analytical approach, the multilayer scattering method, which is based in the Kirchoff-Love wave equation for flexural waves in thin plates. Our approach was unable to reproduce the predicted behavior of the theoretically proposed cloak. This disagreement is here explained in terms of the simplified wave equation employed in the cloak design, which employed unusual boundary conditions for the cloaking shell. However, our approach reproduces fairly well the measured displacement maps for the fabricated cloak, indicating the validity of our approach. Also, the cloak quality has been here analyzed using the so called averaged visibility and the scattering cross section. The results obtained from both analysis let us to conclude that there is room for further improvements of this type of flexural wave cloak by using better design procedures.
Phonon interaction with coupled photonic-plasmonic modes in a phoxonic cavity
Authors: El-Jallal S. , Mrabti A. , Lévêque G. , Akjouj A. , Pennec Y. , Djafari-Rouhani B.
Published: December 2016

We present a theoretical investigation of the acousto-optic interaction in a two-dimensional phoxonic crystal cavity containing a metallic nanowire. The crystal is constituted by a square array of cylindrical holes in a TiO2 matrix containing a cavity inside which a gold nanowire is introduced. The optical modes of the cavity are therefore of combined photonic-plasmonic character. We calculate the strength of coupling between these modes and the localized phonons of the cavity, based on the “Moving Interface” mechanism of acousto-optic coupling. We discuss the coupling strength as a function of the size and position of the metallic nanowire and compare the results with those of a cavity without metallic particle.
Multimodal and omnidirectional beam splitters for Lamb modes in elastic plates
Authors: Jin Yabin , Torrent Daniel , Pennec Yan , Lévêque Gaëtan , Pan Yongdong , Djafari-Rouhani Bahram
Published: December 2016

Omnidirectional beam splitters for the simultaneous control of the three fundamental Lamb modes in an elastic plate are designed and numerically studied. Beam splitters consist in radially symmetric and inhomogeneous lenses designed to redirect the incoming energy towards a given angle. In this work, these devices are designed by means of graded phononic crystals combined with thickness variations of the plate. Numerical simulations are presented to show the performance of the designed devices.
Modeling and experimental verification of an ultra-wide bandgap in 3D phononic crystal
Authors: D'Alessandro L. , Belloni E. , Ardito R. , Corigliano A. , Braghin F.
Published: December 2016

This paper reports a comprehensive modeling and experimental characterization of a three-dimensional phononic crystal composed of a single material, endowed with an ultra-wide complete bandgap. The phononic band structure shows a gap-mid gap ratio of 132% that is by far the greatest full 3D bandgap in literature for any kind of phononic crystals. A prototype of the finite crystal structure has been manufactured in polyamide by means of additive manufacturing technology and tested to assess the transmission spectrum of the crystal. The transmission spectrum has been numerically calculated taking into account a frequency-dependent elastic modulus and a Rayleigh model for damping. The measured and numerical transmission spectra are in good agreement and present up to 75 dB of attenuation for a three-layer crystal.
Vortex generation and control in a microfluidic chamber with actuations
Authors: Shang Xiaopeng , Huang Xiaoyang , Yang Chun
Published: December 2016

In this paper, we present a novel method for vortex generation and control in a resonator-shaped microfluidic chamber with actuations. By varying the actuation conditions, including the working transducers, frequency, and voltage, two regimes of vortices, clockwise vortex (CW vortex) and counter-clockwise vortex (CCW vortex), are generated in the chamber. We show that the direction of the vortex can be conveniently shifted from clockwise to counterclockwise by switching the working transducers without interrupting the flow, and the intensity of the vortex can be regulated by the actuation frequency and voltage. It is proposed that the vortex generation in the present case is due to the instability of the actuation-induced pulsatile flow through the sudden expansion part at the outlet of the chamber, while the vortex control is realized through the asymmetric flows in the chamber induced by the upper or lower transducers. The reported method of vortex generation and control can be applied in microfluidic operations for mixing enhancement of multiple reagents and distribution of microparticles and nanoparticles.
Direct fabrication of compound-eye microlens array on curved surfaces by a facile femtosecond laser enhanced wet etching process
Authors: Bian Hao , Wei Yang , Yang Qing , Chen Feng , Zhang Fan , Du Guangqing , Yong Jiale , Hou Xun
Published: December 2016

We report a direct fabrication of an omnidirectional negative microlens array on a curved substrate by a femtosecond laser enhanced chemical etching process, which is utilized as a molding template for duplicating bioinspired compound eyes. The femtosecond laser treatment of the curved glass substrate employs a common x-y-z stage without rotating the sample surface perpendicular to the laser beam, and uniform, omnidirectional-aligned negative microlenses are generated after a hydrofluoric acid etching. Using the negative microlens array on the concave glass substrate as a molding template, we fabricate an artificial compound eye with 3000 positive microlenses of 95-μm diameter close-packed on a 5-mm polymer hemisphere. Compared to the transferring process, the negative microlenses directly fabricated on the curved mold by our method are distortion-free, and the duplicated artificial eye presents clear and uniform imaging capabilities. This work provides a facile and efficient route to the fabrication of microlenses on any curved substrates without complicated alignment and motion control processes, which has the potential for the development of new microlens-based devices and systems.
Use of optoelectronic tweezers in manufacturing—accurate solder bead positioning
Authors: Zhang Shuailong , Liu Yongpeng , Juvert Joan , Tian Pengfei , Navarro Jean-Claude , Cooper Jonathan M. , Neale Steven L.
Published: December 2016

In this work, we analyze the use of optoelectronic tweezers (OETs) to manipulate 45 μm diameter Sn62Pb36Ag2 solder beads with light-induced dielectrophoresis force and we demonstrate high positioning accuracy. It was found that the positional deviation of the solder beads increases with the increase of the trap size. To clarify the underlying mechanism, simulations based on the integration of the Maxwell stress tensor were used to study the force profiles of OET traps with different sizes. It was found that the solder beads felt a 0.1 nN static friction or stiction force due to electrical forces pulling them towards the surface and that this force is not dependent on the size of the trap. The stiction limits the positioning accuracy; however, we show that by choosing a trap that is just larger than the solder bead sub-micron positional accuracy can be achieved.
Heterogeneously integrated III–V-on-silicon 2.3x μm distributed feedback lasers based on a type-II active region
Authors: Wang Ruijun , Sprengel Stephan , Malik Aditya , Vasiliev Anton , Boehm Gerhard , Baets Roel , Amann Markus-Christian , Roelkens Gunther
Published: December 2016

We report on 2.3x μm wavelength InP-based type-II distributed feedback (DFB) lasers heterogeneously integrated on a silicon photonics integrated circuit. In the devices, a III–V epitaxial layer stack with a “W”-shaped InGaAs/GaAsSb multi-quantum-well active region is adhesively bonded to the first-order silicon DFB gratings. Single mode laser emission coupled to a single mode silicon waveguide with a side mode suppression ratio of 40 dB is obtained. In continuous-wave regime, the 2.32 μm laser operates close to room temperature (above 15 °C) and emits more than 1 mW output power with a threshold current density of 1.8 kA/cm2 at 5 °C. A tunable diode laser absorption measurement of CO is demonstrated using this source.
Maternal body composition in seedstock herds. 1. Grazing management strategy influences perspectives on optimal balance of production traits and maternal productivity
Authors: Lee S. J. , Nuberg I. K. , Pitchford W. S.
Published: December 2016

Seedstock breeders’ perspectives on topics associated with maternal productivity in beef cattle were investigated through the use of qualitative in-depth semi-structured interviews. Given the complexity of maternal productivity, it is possible that some issues may not be fully captured by recording performance and data analysis. This paper discusses theory emerging from content analysis of interview data on management and genetic factors affecting maternal productivity as detailed by seedstock breeders in southern Australia. Overall, 24 interviews were conducted as part of an intensive field-work component with seedstock breeders involved with the Cooperative Research Centre for Beef Genetic Technologies’ Maternal Productivity Project. Qualitative content analysis of interview data revealed a considerable divergence in attitudes to cow management with regards to grazing management, body condition fluctuation and the utilisation of body fat reserves. Specifically, production systems diverged on the basis of animal management characterised by either ‘controlled’ or ‘variable input’ feeding strategies. Variation in management approach was associated with different perspectives on the perceived importance of selecting for production traits including growth, beef yield and milk compared with selection for perceived resilience traits including increased subcutaneous fat. The results demonstrated that among seedstock breeders targeting similar end markets, substantial variation in animal selection and management exists and this requires further characterisation to ensure breeding programs and animal management are optimal.
Polymorphisms of kappa-casein gene and their effects on milk production traits in Holstein, Jersey and Brown Swiss cattle
Authors: Gurses Murad , Yuce Huseyin , Etem Ebru Onalan , Patir Bahri
Published: December 2016

The objectives of this study were to detect kappa-casein (κ-CN, CSN3, CASK) gene polymorphisms and to investigate the association between the κ-CN gene polymorphisms and milk yield and composition in cattle. For this purpose, a total of 365 blood and milk samples were collected from Holstein, Jersey and Brown Swiss cows. Polymorphisms of κ-CN gene were detected by the PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism. A 776-bp fragment of exon IV was amplified by PCR and digested with HindIII and HaeIII restriction endonuclease to distinguish allele A, B and E. The analysis of associations between κ-CN genotypes and milk yield and composition were conducted with the use of the general linear model procedure. As a result, allele frequencies were detected as 0.736, 0.357, 0.308 for A allele, 0.186, 0.643, 0.692 for B allele in Holstein, Brown Swiss and Jersey breeds, respectively, and 0.079 for E allele in Holstein. This study also demonstrated the presence of E allele in Turkish Holstein. Although κ-CN genotypes were associated with protein and solids-not-fat content of milk in Hostein and Brown Swiss, they were associated with milk fat content in Jerseys (P < 0.05).