bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The evolutionary advantage of an aromatic clamp in plant family 3 glycoside exo-hydrolases
Authors: Luang Sukanya , Fernández-Luengo Xavier , Nin-Hill Alba , Streltsov Victor A. , Schwerdt Julian G. , Alonso-Gil Santiago , Ketudat Cairns James R. , Pradeau Stéphanie , Fort Sébastien , Maréchal Jean-Didier , Masgrau Laura , Rovira Carme , Hrmova Maria
Published: September 2022

In the barley β-d-glucan glucohydrolase, a glycoside hydrolase family 3 (GH3) enzyme, the Trp286/Trp434 clamp ensures β-d-glucosides binding, which is fundamental for substrate hydrolysis during plant growth and development. We employ mutagenesis, high-resolution X-ray crystallography, and multi-scale molecular modelling methods to examine the binding and conformational behaviour of isomeric β-d-glucosides during substrate-product assisted processive catalysis that operates in GH3 hydrolases. Enzyme kinetics reveals that the W434H mutant retains broad specificity, while W434A behaves as a strict (1,3)-β-d-glucosidase. Investigations of reactant movements on the nanoscale reveal that processivity is sensitive to mutation-specific alterations of the tryptophan clamp. While wild-type and W434H utilise a lateral cavity for glucose displacement and sliding of (1,3)-linked hydrolytic products through the catalytic site without dissociation, consistent with their high hydrolytic rates, W434A does not adopt processive catalysis. Phylogenomic analyses of GH3 hydrolases disclose the evolutionary advantage of the tryptophan clamp that confers broad specificity, high catalytic efficiency, and processivity.
Local features drive identity responses in macaque anterior face patches
Authors: Waidmann Elena N. , Koyano Kenji W. , Hong Julie J. , Russ Brian E. , Leopold David A.
Published: September 2022

Humans and other primates recognize one another in part based on unique structural details of the face, including both local features and their spatial configuration within the head and body. Visual analysis of the face is supported by specialized regions of the primate cerebral cortex, which in macaques are commonly known as face patches. Here we ask whether the responses of neurons in anterior face patches, thought to encode face identity, are more strongly driven by local or holistic facial structure. We created stimuli consisting of recombinant photorealistic images of macaques, where we interchanged the eyes, mouth, head, and body between individuals. Unexpectedly, neurons in the anterior medial (AM) and anterior fundus (AF) face patches were predominantly tuned to local facial features, with minimal neural selectivity for feature combinations. These findings indicate that the high-level structural encoding of face identity rests upon populations of neurons specialized for local features.
Activation of the insulin receptor by an insulin mimetic peptide
Authors: Park Junhee , Li Jie , Mayer John P. , Ball Kerri A. , Wu Jiayi , Hall Catherine , Accili Domenico , Stowell Michael H. B. , Bai Xiao-chen , Choi Eunhee
Published: September 2022

Insulin receptor (IR) signaling defects cause a variety of metabolic diseases including diabetes. Moreover, inherited mutations of the IR cause severe insulin resistance, leading to early morbidity and mortality with limited therapeutic options. A previously reported selective IR agonist without sequence homology to insulin, S597, activates IR and mimics insulin’s action on glycemic control. To elucidate the mechanism of IR activation by S597, we determine cryo-EM structures of the mouse IR/S597 complex. Unlike the compact T-shaped active IR resulting from the binding of four insulins to two distinct sites, two S597 molecules induce and stabilize an extended T-shaped IR through the simultaneous binding to both the L1 domain of one protomer and the FnIII-1 domain of another. Importantly, S597 fully activates IR mutants that disrupt insulin binding or destabilize the insulin-induced compact T-shape, thus eliciting insulin-like signaling. S597 also selectively activates IR signaling among different tissues and triggers IR endocytosis in the liver. Overall, our structural and functional studies guide future efforts to develop insulin mimetics targeting insulin resistance caused by defects in insulin binding and stabilization of insulin-activated state of IR, demonstrating the potential of structure-based drug design for insulin-resistant diseases.
Household transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Denmark
Authors: Lyngse Frederik Plesner , Mortensen Laust Hvas , Denwood Matthew J. , Christiansen Lasse Engbo , Møller Camilla Holten , Skov Robert Leo , Spiess Katja , Fomsgaard Anders , Lassaunière Ria , Rasmussen Morten , Stegger Marc , Nielsen Claus , Sieber Raphael Niklaus , Cohen Arieh Sierra , Møller Frederik Trier , Overvad Maria , Mølbak Kåre , Krause Tyra Grove , Kirkeby Carsten Thure
Published: September 2022

In late 2021, the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant overtook the previously dominant Delta variant, but the extent to which this transition was driven by immune evasion or a change in the inherent transmissibility is currently unclear. We estimate SARS-CoV-2 transmission within Danish households during December 2021. Among 26,675 households (8,568 with the Omicron VOC), we identified 14,140 secondary infections within a 1–7-day follow-up period. The secondary attack rate was 29% and 21% in households infected with Omicron and Delta, respectively. For Omicron, the odds of infection were 1.10 (95%-CI: 1.00-1.21) times higher for unvaccinated, 2.38 (95%-CI: 2.23-2.54) times higher for fully vaccinated and 3.20 (95%-CI: 2.67-3.83) times higher for booster-vaccinated contacts compared to Delta. We conclude that the transition from Delta to Omicron VOC was primarily driven by immune evasiveness and to a lesser extent an inherent increase in the basic transmissibility of the Omicron variant.
Synaptic plasticity in self-powered artificial striate cortex for binocular orientation selectivity
Authors: Ren Yanyun , Bu Xiaobo , Wang Ming , Gong Yue , Wang Junjie , Yang Yuyang , Li Guijun , Zhang Meng , Zhou Ye , Han Su-Ting
Published: September 2022

Get in-depth understanding of each part of visual pathway yields insights to conquer the challenges that classic computer vision is facing. Here, we first report the bioinspired striate cortex with binocular and orientation selective receptive field based on the crossbar array of self-powered memristors which is solution-processed monolithic all-perovskite system with each cross-point containing one CsFAPbI3 solar cell directly stacking on the CsPbBr2I memristor. The plasticity of self-powered memristor can be modulated by optical stimuli following triplet-STDP rules. Furthermore, plasticity of 3 × 3 flexible crossbar array of self-powered memristors has been successfully modulated based on generalized BCM learning rule for optical-encoded pattern recognition. Finally, we implemented artificial striate cortex with binocularity and orientation selectivity based on two simulated 9 × 9 self-powered memristors networks. The emulation of striate cortex with binocular and orientation selectivity will facilitate the brisk edge and corner detection for machine vision in the future applications.
QDataSet, quantum datasets for machine learning
Authors: Perrier Elija , Youssry Akram , Ferrie Chris
Published: September 2022

The availability of large-scale datasets on which to train, benchmark and test algorithms has been central to the rapid development of machine learning as a discipline. Despite considerable advancements, the field of quantum machine learning has thus far lacked a set of comprehensive large-scale datasets upon which to benchmark the development of algorithms for use in applied and theoretical quantum settings. In this paper, we introduce such a dataset, the QDataSet, a quantum dataset designed specifically to facilitate the training and development of quantum machine learning algorithms. The QDataSet comprises 52 high-quality publicly available datasets derived from simulations of one- and two-qubit systems evolving in the presence and/or absence of noise. The datasets are structured to provide a wealth of information to enable machine learning practitioners to use the QDataSet to solve problems in applied quantum computation, such as quantum control, quantum spectroscopy and tomography. Accompanying the datasets on the associated GitHub repository are a set of workbooks demonstrating the use of the QDataSet in a range of optimisation contexts.
Applications, fluid mechanics, and colloidal science of carbon-nanotube-based 3D printable inks
Authors: Zhao Beihan , Sivasankar Vishal Sankar , Subudhi Swarup Kumar , Sinha Shayandev , Dasgupta Abhijit , Das Siddhartha
Published: September 2022

This review covers the critical aspects of the applications, fluid mechanics, and colloidal science issues associated with the printable carbon-nanotube-based inks.
Elimination of light-induced degradation at the nickel oxide-perovskite heterojunction by aprotic sulfonium layers towards long-term operationally stable inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Wu Tianhao , Ono Luis K. , Yoshioka Rengo , Ding Chenfeng , Zhang Congyang , Mariotti Silvia , Zhang Jiahao , Mitrofanov Kirill , Liu Xiao , Segawa Hiroshi , Kabe Ryota , Han Liyuan , Qi Yabing
Published: September 2022

This work introduces an aprotic sulfonium buffer layer at the nickel oxide–perovskite heterojunction to eliminate the multi-step photochemical reactions, which leads to inverted perovskite solar cells with long-term operational stability.
Vitrimer composites: current status and future challenges
Authors: Schenk Vincent , Labastie Karine , Destarac Mathias , Olivier Philippe , Guerre Marc
Published: September 2022

Vitrimers: one step towards a greener future for the composite industry?
Green synthesis of water splitting electrocatalysts: IrO2 nanocages via Pearson's chemistry
Authors: Elmaalouf Marine , Da Silva Alexandre , Duran Silvia , Tard Cédric , Comesaña-Hermo Miguel , Gam-Derouich Sarra , Briois Valérie , Alloyeau Damien , Giraud Marion , Piquemal Jean-Yves , Peron Jennifer
Published: September 2022

Hierarchical IrO2 nanocages, easily synthesized in water at room temperature, are extremely active towards the oxygen evolution reaction. The formation mechanism is based on the difference in softness/hardness of the ions involved in the reaction.
Perception of loudness changes induced by a phononic crystal in specific frequency bands
Authors: Paté Arthur , Côté Nicolas , Croënne Charles , Vasseur Jérôme , Hladky-Hennion Anne-Christine
Published: September 2022

To study the influence of classical phononic crystal (PC) structures on the acoustical characteristics of a sound source, a combined acoustics/perceptual analysis is conducted on a PC specially designed to exhibit several spectral and wave vector properties in different audible frequency ranges. The properties, confirmed by both numerical calculations and experiments, consist in both partial and absolute band gaps, as well as a negative refraction band. A psychoacoustic feature, namely the loudness in third-octave bands, is estimated from numerical simulations of the acoustic field behind the crystal. Additional perceptual tests are conducted to evaluate the efficiency of the PC slab. In the frequency range of the band gaps, sound stimuli filtered by the PC’s impulse response are perceived as softer than stimuli resulting from a free-field propagation (FF), they also are perceived as equally (or close to equally) loud than sounds attenuated by a free-standing rigid wall (FS). In the frequency range of the focalization (negative refraction), PC sound stimuli sound louder than both FS and FF sound stimuli. The possibility of designing an efficient sound barrier based on the considered PC is finally discussed.
Canonical mean-field molecular dynamics derived from quantum mechanics
Authors: Huang Xin , Plecháč Petr , Sandberg Mattias , Szepessy Anders
Published: September 2022

Canonical quantum correlation observables can be approximated by classical molecular dynamics. In the case of low temperature theab initiomolecular dynamics potential energy is based on the ground state electron eigenvalue problem and the accuracy has been proven to beO(M-1), provided the first electron eigenvalue gap is sufficiently large compared to the given temperature andMis the ratio of nuclei and electron masses. For higher temperature eigenvalues corresponding to excited electron states are required to obtainO(M-1) accuracy and the derivations assume that all electron eigenvalues are separated, which for instance excludes conical intersections. This work studies a mean-field molecular dynamics approximation where the mean-field Hamiltonian for the nuclei is the partial traceh := Tr(He−βH)/Tr(e−βH) with respect to the electron degrees of freedom andHis the Weyl symbol corresponding to a quantum many body Hamiltonian ̂H. It is proved that the mean-field molecular dynamics approximates canonical quantum correlation observables with accuracyO(M-1+tϵ2), for correlation timetwhereϵ2is related to the variance of mean value approximationh. Furthermore, the proof derives a precise asymptotic representation of the Weyl symbol of the Gibbs density operator using a path integral formulation. Numerical experiments on a model problem with one nuclei and two electron states show that the mean-field dynamics has similar or better accuracy than standard molecular dynamics based on the ground state electron eigenvalue.
Animal bite injuries in pediatric population: a systematic review
Authors: Singhal Ruchi , Sikka Neha , Namdev Ritu
Published: September 2022

Objectives: To assess the scientific literature pertaining the risk factors for injuries among victims of animal bite injuries. Data and sources: A systematic review of scientific literature published until May 2020 was carried out in the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and Journals@ovid. Study selection: A total of 924 records were found, of which 29 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. There was a male preponderance in most of the studies with male/female ratio ranging from 0.75:1 to 2.1:1. The age range varies from 0 to 19 years with the mean age varying from 3.6 to 8 years. Pitbulls, Rottweiler's, German shepherds, Bull terriers, Labradors and Dobermans were breeds with higher risk of attack. The animals were familiar to the victim (own, friends, neighbors) in 27–98% instances. Most cases of animal bite injuries were recorded during Summer and Spring months. Head and neck followed by extremities was found to be most inflicted area. Conclusions: The sociodemographic characteristics of victim as well as the biting animal affect the circumstances leading to biting episode. However, the results should be interpreted with caution due to the high heterogeneity among studies and moderate quality evidence.
Analyse du recours au langage non verbal dans le contexte de l’asymétrie du pouvoir linguistique – le cas d’une étudiante chinoise en situation d’interaction de groupe de travail
Authors: Kong Fanguang
Published: September 2022

Le courant de recherche sur l’apprentissage des langues étrangères commence à se centrer autour de la notion d’interaction depuis les années 1970. A partir de l’observation du langage verbal et du langage non verbal des participants, des places interactionnelles et de la manière dont ils les occupent, sont dégagés des modes de fonctionnement de l’interaction dans les milieux d’apprentissage. Fondé sur l’analyse interactionnelle d’un enregistrement audiovisuel en milieu de groupe de travail (GDT), cet article s’intéresse particulièrement au langage non verbal et au langage verbal d’une étudiante chinoise, pendant son interaction avec les autres membres du groupe. L’objectif de cette étude est de montrer que le langage non verbal sert à compenser l’asymétrie du pouvoir linguistique entre l’étudiante chinoise et les étudiants français natifs, dans la mesure où il peut notamment renforcer ses compétences interactionnelles et mobiliser sa participation volontaire à l’interaction.
Des ressources séquentielles pour négocier son positionnement épistémique : ciò comme préface conversationnelle dans le dialecte et l’italien parlés à Trévise
Authors: Ursi Biagio , Pauletto Franco
Published: September 2022

Dans cette contribution, en nous inscrivant dans l’approche de l’analyse conversationnelle, nous étudions le petit mot "ciò" comme préface utilisée par les locuteurs du dialecte et de la variété d’italien parlés dans la province de Trévise. En particulier, nous focalisons notre attention sur les occurrences de "ciò" en début d'unité de construction du tour (Turn-Constructional Unit) dans des tours de parole multi-unités. Pour les préfaces présentant ce petit mot, une double caractérisation émerge en termes de jonctions explicatives ("perché ciò") et adversatives ("ma ciò"). Cette étude fait suite à des recherches antérieures que nous avons menées sur le même corpus de conversations téléphoniques informelles et de repas en famille. Les analyses présentées dans cette contribution nous permettent d’élargir la description des utilisations de "ciò" et de souligner le rôle joué par cette ressource sur le plan épistémique dans la langue parlée en interaction.
Grundlagen, Erlebtes und Evaluiertes – ein Reisebericht vom Ozean der Erfahrungen
Authors: Jansen Heike , Egger Sigrid , Enderle Stefanie , Floren Jonathan , Massa Celine , Rudolph Regina , Wylegalla Christian
Published: September 2022

Im CNE Schwerpunkt stechen wir in See und tauchen ein in den Ozean der Erfahrungen – er steht im Gezeitenmodell metaphorisch für das Leben mit all seinen Entwicklungen, Entdeckungen und Erschütterungen. Erfahren Sie, wie mithilfe des recovery-orientierten Modells dieser Ozean genutzt werden kann, um Patienten den Weg in den sicheren Hafen zu weisen.
Lauterbach will Lindner mitreden lassen
Authors: Roßius Sabrina
Published: September 2022

Das Finanzministerium soll laut überarbeitetem Entwurf zum Krankenhauspflegeentlastungsgesetz künftig über die Zahl der Pflegekräfte in den Kliniken mitentscheiden. Ein Affront!
Editorial
Authors: Crismani Adriano
Published: September 2022

Sehr geehrte Kolleginnen und Kollegen,

ich darf Ihnen die 3. Ausgabe dieses Jahres präsentieren. Mit Sicherheit
werden Sie aktuelle und interessante Beiträge – verfasst von
erfahrenen Autorinnen und Autoren aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum sowie aus Italien,
die im Rahmen der 50. Internationalen Tagung der ÖGKFO in Kitzbühel
einen Vortrag gehalten haben – finden. An dieser Stelle möchte ich
mich sehr herzlich bei diesen für ihren professionellen Einsatz
bedanken!
Nichtinvasive Behandlung von abradierten oberen
Frontzähnen
Authors: Luzi Cesare , Imbelloni Arturo
Published: September 2022

Die Behandlung eines Patienten mit stark abradierten Zähnen wäre
nach den klassischen Konzepten der Prothetik sehr komplex und
zahnschädigend. Parodontalchirurgische Maßnahmen, eine
endodontische Versorgung von Zähnen, Stiftaufbauten und die Versorgung
mit künstlichen Zahnkronen wären erforderlich. Heutzutage
können solche Probleme mit nichtinvasiven Verfahren, darunter auch
kieferorthopädischen, angegangen werden, wodurch die Zahnhartsubstanzen
und die Parodontalgewebe erhalten bleiben.

Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt die Behandlung eines Patienten mit starken
Zahnhartsubstanzverlusten durch ein interdisziplinär zusammengesetztes
Team (Kieferorthopäde, Prothetiker, Zahntechniker). Die
Hartsubstanzverluste waren dabei auf zwei Ursachen
zurückzuführen. Besonders die Palatinalflächen der
oberen Frontzähne waren auf Grund chemischer Erosion (Reflux von
Magensäure) sehr temperaturempfindlich geworden und es war
Zahnhartsubstanz durch Parafunktionen verloren gegangen. Gingivalsaum und
Fehlstellungen der Zähne wurden im Rahmen einer
kieferorthopädischen Therapie korrigiert. Die abradierten, aber
ansonsten gesunden, Frontzähne wurden dann mit sechs additiven Veneers
versorgt. Zahnstruktur, Vitalität und Knochenverlauf wurden dadurch
nicht beeinflusst. Provisorien waren nicht erforderlich und bei der
Präparation der Zähne war eine Anästhesie ebenso wenig
notwendig, wie beim Einsetzten der Versorgungen.

Mit dem vorliegenden Beitrag soll ein Protokoll vorgestellt werden, mit dem die
strukturellen und ästhetischen Probleme eines Patienten mit stark
abradierter oberer Front konservierend und komfortabel behandelt werden
können.
Digitalisierung im Bereich der MKG-Chirurgie und an der Schnittstelle
zur Kieferorthopädie
Authors: Kolk Andreas
Published: September 2022

Gerade im gemeinsamen Feld der Kieferorthopädie und MKG-Chirurgie ist die
Digitalisierung seit ca. 10 Jahren bereits in der klinischen Routine angekommen.
In der chirurgischen Planung und Umsetzung führt dieser Prozess mit
extended reality zu einer erheblichen Verbesserung sämtlicher
medizinischen Versorgungsleistungen von der Diagnose über die Therapie
bis zur Nachsorge. Von dieser Qualitätsverbesserung aufgrund der
Präzisionssteigerung in der Planung und Umsetzung profitieren neben den
Patienten sämtliche beteiligten Akteuren, also Chirurgen,
Kostenträger, aber auch in Ausbildung befindliche Chirurgen und
Medizinstudenten. Das simulationsbasierte virtuelle Training offeriert
unkomplizierte, räumlich unabhängige Möglichkeiten der
fundierten Ausbildung. Weitere Entwicklungen zur Präzisionssteigerung,
Zeitersparnis durch Automatisierung und zum Simulationsbasierten virtuellen
chirurgischen Training sind über die XR zeitnah zu erwarten. Aufgrund
der zunehmenden intraoperativen Visualisierungsmöglichkeiten wird die AR
die intraoperative Sicherheit weiter steigern.

Auch wenn dieser Prozess bereits im vollen Gange und politisch in erhebliche
Maße gewollt ist, dürfen neben den vielen Vorteilen für
unser Fachgebiet die noch offenen Punkte bzw. Nachteile nicht gänzlich
übersehen werden: Es sind erhebliche Investitionen erforderlich, die bei
den verantwortlichen Kostenträgern nicht immer auf Akzeptanz
stoßen, es bestehen seitens der Ärzte, aber auch seitens der
Patienten bis dato noch erhebliche Vorbehalte gegenüber der zunehmenden
Digitalisierung und den damit verbundenen Umstellungen. Bisher ist die
Digitalisierung nur im Bereich des privaten Umfeldes akzeptiert. Darüber
hinaus werden vor allem bei der Künstliche Intelligenz große
Patientendatenmengen verarbeitet, deren Transfer zum Beispiel für
Qualitätsstudien Datenschutzprobleme zur Folge haben können.

Trotzdem ist dieser Prozess nicht aufzuhalten und wird in absehbarer Zeit
sämtliche medizinischen Bereiche einnehmen.
Korrektur eines Gummy Smile mit Hilfe einer
Mini-Implantat-Verankerung – Direkte versus indirekte
Verankerung
Authors: Wilmes Benedict , Drescher Dieter
Published: September 2022

Abstrakt

Das „Gummy Smile“ stellt für viele Patienten eine
ästhetisch unbefriedigende Situation dar. In diesem
Übersichtsartikel werden zwei Mechaniken mit skelettaler Verankerung
(Direkt versus Indirekt) zur Intrusion von Oberkiefer-Frontzähnen
vorgestellt, die insbesondere bei Vorliegen eines Tiefbisses eine
empfehlenswerte Behandlungsoption darstellen. Um die Gefahr von
Wurzelresorptionen zu minimieren, die insbesondere bei der Intrusion von
Scheidezähnen präsent ist, sollten grundsätzlich nur
kleine und konstante Kräfte appliziert werden.
Neonate Brain Abscess by Cronobacter spp: A Powdered Infant Formula's Opportunistic Pathogen
Authors: Morais Bárbara Albuquerque , Menendez Djalma Felipe Da Silva , Ribeiro Iuri Santana Neville , Borsetto Cibeli Ribeiro , Nascimento Fernando De Sousa , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen
Published: September 2022

Cronobacter spp is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause severe neonatal infections, including septicemia, meningitis, and necrotizing enterocolitis. Over 90% of these infections outbreaks are associated with the increased consumption of powdered infant formula (PIF). We report the case of a male neonate born at term with adequate weight for gestational age, fed by breast milk and PIF. He was admitted to the ICU at 22 days old due to fever, irritability, impaired consciousness, and food intolerance. Investigation revealed an extensive abscess in the right frontoparietal region, that was surgically drained. The culture of the purulent material showed the growth of Cronobacter spp. Guided antibiotic was kept for 21 days. The patient presented a good clinical outcome, without neurological deficits. The microbiological powdered formula contamination by Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp) can lead to a higher risk of severe infections in infants. Children may present sepsis, sensory alteration, and refractory seizures. An early brain image should be considered for symptomatic infants. The mortality rate ranges from 40 to 80%, and 74% of survivors have an adverse neurological outcome. From 1997–2013, there were reports of 6 outbreaks of E. sakazakii disease in Brazil. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), this disease is undernotified, and active foodborne surveillance systems are less than ideal. To better address this problem, in some countries, the notification is mandatory, and the adoption of stricter sanitary measures by regulatory agencies are proposed.
Probable Hydrocephalus Decompensation after Immunization with Pentavalent Vaccine: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Caixeta Talles Henrique , Silva Guilherme Júnio , Fursternau Cristina Ribas , Amaral Laurence Rodrigues
Published: September 2022

There are several complications associated with immunization with the pentavalent vaccine. Most of them are mild reactions, of spontaneous resolution; however, though rare, serious and potentially-fatal adverse effects can occur. We report a case of acute intracranial hypertension syndrome in an infant with a previously-unknown suprasellar arachnoid cyst who developed acute obstructive hydrocephalus after immunization with the pentavalent vaccine. He underwent neuroendoscopic treatment, showing complete resolution of the condition. The present article aims to compare the activation of the immune system by the pertussis component of the vaccine and the mechanisms that hypothetically potentiated the pathological decompensation.
Using boundary-layer coordinates to compute unsteady laminar two-dimensional viscous and convective flows
Authors: D’Alessio S. J. D.
Published: September 2022

In this paper, the use of boundary-layer coordinates to compute various unsteady laminar two-dimensional viscous flows is discussed. Three illustrative examples are provided, including flow around a corner, free convective flow from a heated corner, and mixed convective vortex flow. A numerical solution procedure to solve the transformed equations is also outlined. Various results and comparisons are presented and discussed. Good agreement is found with well-known documented studies.
Demonstration of static atomic gravimetry using Kalman filter
Authors: Jiang Bo-Nan
Published: September 2022

The measurement precision of the static atomic gravimetry is limited by white Gaussian noise in short term, which costs previous works an inevitable integration to reach the precision demanded. Here, we propose a statistical model based on the quantum projection noise and apply the associated Kalman filter with the waveform estimation in static atomic gravimetry. With the white Gaussian noise significantly removed by the Kalman-filter formalism, the measurement noise of the gravimetry is reshaped in short term and shows τ1/2 feature that corresponds to a random walk. During 200 h of static measurement of gravity, the atomic gravimeter using Kalman filter demonstrates a sensitivity as good as 0.6 nms2/s and highlights a precision of 1.7 nms2 at the measuring time of a single sample. The measurement noise achieved is also lower than the quantum projection limit below ∼30 s.
Taste sensation evaluation for an electronic tongue based on an optimized computational model of taste pathways
Authors: Zheng Wenbo , Shi Yan , Xia Xiuxin , Ying Yuxiang , Men Hong
Published: September 2022

Effective evaluation of taste sensation can be achieved by analyzing electronic tongue (e-tongue) data. Research on evaluation of the taste sensation of an e-tongue by nerve conduction mechanisms is limited, which obviously affects performance evaluation of e-tongues. Therefore, in this paper, a method for evaluating the taste sensation of an e-tongue based on human taste conduction mechanisms, the computational model of taste pathways (CMTP), is proposed. However, the limited physiological basis of the CMTP parameters influences the evaluation results. To achieve excellent evaluation performance, a parameter optimization algorithm with Hebbian and habituation learning rules is used to optimize the CMTP parameters. The effectiveness of the optimized results is demonstrated by improvement in the dynamic characteristics of the CMTP. Next, the optimized CMTP (OCMTP) is used for pattern recognition and sweetness evaluation of four taste substances. The results showed, first, that the dynamic characteristics (including 1/f characteristics and synchronization) of the OCMTP are improved, and the bionics of the OCMTP is enhanced. The optimized results are effective. Second, compared with the recognition results for the four taste substances by the unoptimized CMTP (UCMTP), signal preprocessing methods and multiclass classification models, the best classification accuracy (95.38%), the best kappa coefficient (93.83%) and the best F
1-score (96.10%) are achieved by the OCMTP. Finally, compared with the sweetness evaluation results of the UCMTP, signal preprocessing methods and multiple evaluation models, the best evaluation performance, including a root-mean-square error of 0.1643 and R
2 of 0.9785, is obtained using the OCMTP. In conclusion, effective evaluation of taste sensation can be achieved by the OCMTP and an e-tongue.
Effect of particle spin on trajectory deflection and gravitational lensing
Authors: Zhang Zhuoming , Fan Gaofeng , Jia Junji
Published: September 2022

Spin of a test particle is a fundamental property that can affect its motion in a gravitational field. In this work we consider the effect of particle spin on its deflection angle and gravitational lensing in the equatorial plane of arbitrary stationary and axisymmetric spacetimes. To do this we developed a perturbative method that can be applied to spinning signals with arbitrary asymptotic velocity and takes into account the finite distance effect of the source and the observer. The deflection angle Δφand total travel time Δtare expressed as (quasi-)power series whose coefficients are polynomials of the asymptotic expansion coefficients of the metric functions. It is found that when the spin and orbital angular momenta are parallel (or antiparallel), the deflection angle is decreased (or increased). Apparent angles θ of the images in gravitational lensing and their time delays are also solved. In Kerr spacetime, spin affects the apparent angleθKin a way similar to its effect on ΔφK. The time delay between signals with opposite spins is found to be proportional to the signal spin at leading order. These time delays might be used to constrain the spin to mass ratio of neutrinos.
Light manipulation by dual channel storage in ultra-cold Rydberg medium
Authors: Tian Xue-Dong , Jing Zi-Jiao , Lv Feng-Zhen , Bao Qian-Qian , Liu Yi-Mou
Published: September 2022

We investigate the light propagation dynamics in ultra-cold Rydberg medium with inverted-Y configuration based on the superatom theory. It is viable to store light information in two types of atomic spin coherence (trivial spin coherence and Rydberg spin coherence), which makes the system a prospective platform for versatile light manipulation. A normal feature is to realize efficient light storage with simultaneous resonant control fields applied. An intriguing feature is to split light into two beams with different intensities and statistical properties if the control fields are applied separately. The beam of light retrieved from the Rydberg spin coherence is severely attenuated and shows anti-bunching character accompanied by the cooperative optical nonlinearity. Moreover, generation and manipulation of beating signal are achievable by applying the non-resonant control fields.
A study of interceptor performance for deep-v planing hull
Authors: Samuel S. , Yulianti Serliana , Manik Parlindungan , Fathuddiin Abubakar
Published: September 2022

The acting on the planing hull is the most complex hydrodynamics simulation. Therefore, an analysis was done to evaluate drag, lift force, and seakeeping in two degrees of freedom (2-DOF) which is heave and trim. It was fundamental aspects of the overall high-speed vessel. This article focused on the hydrodynamic performance of a complete interceptor configuration that could control the motion behavior of deep-V planing hull in calm water conditions. The benchmark study was undertaken by comparing numerical results with experimental study by Park at al. Models with and without interceptors had been analyzed by numerical simulation performed using Reynold Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) to describe turbulence model with k epsilon based on computational fluid dynamic (CFD). In this study, the interceptor proper applies at a speed of less than Froude number 0.87. Interceptor reduce by 21% drag at Froude number 0.87 and also reduce by 16% trim and 6% heave at Froude number 0.58. Nevertheless, applied interceptor in high Froude number such as more than Froude number 1.16 caused interceptor lose effectiveness due to producing a decisive moment which made negative trim (bow-down) and increase total drag.
Analysis of Uncertainties in Open Water Test of B-Series Propeller at Indonesian Hydrodynamic Laboratory
Authors: Machfudin A , Dinariyana A A B , Purnamasari D
Published: September 2022

A propeller’s performance characteristics in open water typically refer to the variation of its thrust, torque, and efficiency with speed and revolution rate. This investigation provides a method for gaining a better understanding of the achievable accuracy. of the open water propeller test and presents an example of how to conduct a comprehensive uncertainty analysis of prediction models4 blades B-series model propeller, diameter 157.59 mm, pitch ratio 1.133 and Blade Area Ratio (BAR) 0.65 was carried out for this study. The methodologies presented using the ITTC recommended procedure to obtain individual measurement systems, measurement of individual variables, data reduction and experimental results. The bias limits for the individual measurement systems are estimated: propeller geometry, speed, thrust, torque, propeller rate of revolution, and temperature/density. The precision limits for single and multiple runs have been determined for the thrust coefficient (K

T
) and torque coefficient (K

Q
) for one advance coefficient (J), 5 sets of tests with 3-speed measurements in each set are conducted, totaling 15 test runs. The experimental test results have represented as relative numbers the bias for K

T
represents 98.1 % and the bias for K

Q
represents 99.4 % of the total uncertainty for the mean value of 15 tests. The uncertainty analysis results of the open water propeller were recommended in an acceptable range of the 95% level of confidence.
A Computational of benchmark model of resistance test at Indonesian Hydrodynamic Laboratory
Authors: Purnamasari D , Nasir M , Rina
Published: September 2022

Benchmarking are the activity of comparison of different methods, procedures, physical models to obtain the same target in order to achieve a better standard of performance and exercises provide a common basis for validation of numerical methods. The work develops on prior studies into benchmarks and uncertainty analysis for ship model resistance tests of LHI-007 was used for benchmark testing from 2010 to 2020 at the Indonesian Hydrodynamic Laboratory. A computational study based on the free-surface capturing approach performed with the FINE/Marine flow solver to predicted total resistance in calm water of four speed (1.63 m/s - 2.47 m/s). Verification and validation method studied uncertainty analysis for both for experimental and computational following the ITTC guidelines. The results show comparison between computed results and previous published experimental tests of total resistance (R

T
) and coefficient total resistance (C

T
) are done to validated CFD simulations. The result of this study concludes that predicted resistance of the benchmark model has reasonable accuracy that the present solver.
Hydraulic Stability of BPPT – lock on Breakwater Head
Authors: Cuimbra Salestiano , Armono Haryo Dwito , Wahyudi
Published: September 2022

Breakwater is one of the coastal buildings built by humans to protect coastal areas such as ports, settlements, and tourist attractions from wave attacks. This test aims to determine the condition damage of BPPT – lock in one- and two-layers placements in the head of the rubble mound breakwater. The method used to conduct this research was physical model test and carried out at laboratory of Balai Teknologi Infrastruktur Pelabuhan dan Dinamika Pantai (BTIPDP) Yogyakarta – Indonesia. The armour unit model used BPPT–locks were 66.048 grams or equivalent to 2.268 tons in prototype and tested in various wave heights, starting from 7.5 cm, 9.2 cm, and 11.4 cm with period 1.5 S or equal to 4 meters of wave height in the prototype. Based on the laboratory results of testing, installing a double armour layer was recommended because the percentage of damage of the double armour layer was lower, and the coefficient of damage was higher.
Feasibility Study of 7.8 m Fiberglass Boat Using Longitudinal Hollow Steel on Sagging and Hogging Condition
Authors: Yudo Hartono , Mursid Ocid , Amiruddin Wilma , Mulyatno Imam Pujo
Published: September 2022

The longitudinal structure is needed to hold the boat, especially in sagging and hogging conditions. Modifying a longitudinal system using laminating steel and fiber is required to increase strength and reduce weight. This study uses a 7.8 m ship modified from conventional to hybrid construction. The finite element method compared the conventional and hybrid ship structures under sagging and hogging conditions to evaluate ship strength. In sagging conditions, the maximum stress in conventional boats is 16.68 MPa, reduced up to 13.65 MPa in hybrid boats. In hogging condition indicate that conventional has maximum stress is 11.18, which is higher than in conventional structure, as much as 10.38 MPa. The keel stress distribution in a couple of conditions of sagging and hogging indicates that the hybrid structure has lower stress than conventional vessels. The simulation shows that a longitudinal hybrid frame makes the ship stiffer in sagging and hogging conditions. The weight of conventional and hybrid boats is similar and affordable to more developing hybrid ships.
The operational concept of Mini LNG Carrier: Preventing sedimentation on the seabed
Authors: Kadir Abdul , Istadi I. , Iskendar I. , Subagio Agus , Ali Baharuddin , Nurcholis N. , Waluyo W.
Published: September 2022

Utilization Mini LNG Carrier is an alternative solution to support the supply chain for the distribution of liquefied natural gas (LNG) to gas power plants, especially in Eastern Indonesia. Mini LNG carriers must have adequate seakeeping and manoeuvrability in carrying out their missions. The biggest challenge faced when manoeuvring in shallow water where the rotation of the propeller can produce high-velocity water flows that cause sedimentation on the seabed. The distance between the tip of the propeller to the seabed greatly determines the level of ease of erosion and sedimentation that can occur. This study aims to provide an alternative ships’ operational concept by mapping the suitability between the depth of the water and the rpm of the propeller that does not cause sedimentation on the seabed. This concept determines the velocity of the water flow at which sedimentation begins to occur as the propeller rpm threshold. The final result is a depth division map where the propeller can be used at maximum rpm, the propeller is used with a limited rpm and the depth at which the propeller is not recommended to be used.
Development of Mini SART-DMOM in Finding Location of Fishing Vessel
Authors: Pitana Trika , Priyanta Dwi , Wido Susilo Salman Nur , Prasetyawati Dian
Published: September 2022

The high number of fishing vessels accidents in the Java Sea is due to the large number of fishing vessels that do not have safety support equipment in sailing, such as SART (Search and Rescue Transponder). So fatalities occur because it is difficult to find the location of fishers when an accident occurs. Also, the high cost of SART equipment on the market makes fishers unable to afford it. Research related to Mini SART-DMOM (Search and Rescue Transponder-DMOM) is an innovation tool with a working system almost the same as SART on the market, and this equipment has a lower price compared to SART sold on the market. In assembling the prototype, the main components used are GPS Neo 6m, Arduino Uno, LoRa and Wemos (ESP 8266). The prototype assembly is divided into Mini SART-DMOM and Mini SARR-DMOM (Search and Rescue Receiver-DMOM). In the prototype test that was carried out, it ran smoothly where the Mini SART-DMOM could get location via GPS. Lora sent the location data from the LoRa Transponder to the LoRa Receiver. The data received by the Receiver was sent by the wifi Board (Wemos ESP 8266) to be monitored live remotely via Web Blynk. However, in this trial, the maximum recorded range was required to be improved.
Structural Strength Study for Vertical Axis Hydrokinetic Turbine Frame
Authors: Ikhwan N , Yuwono T Y , Wikarta A , Harendsa A P , Pratama D A , Sekarrini D A , Fatjrin D A , Nurbawono G A
Published: September 2022

One of the renewable energy sources is ocean currents which can be extracted with the Darrieus vertical axis hydrokinetic turbine (VAHT). This research aims to analyze the deformation and structural stresses that occur in the Darrieus VAHT support frame due to the loads. In the VAHT installation, it is necessary to have a support structure in the form of a solid frame, so that the turbine remains in a stable condition when operating. The VAHT frame must be able to withstand the load from a rotating turbine and have a small drag force. This study conducted a numerical simulation using the finite element analysis method. The effect of the cross-sectional shape of the structural beams on the drag due to flow was also investigated. The result is the frame designed with the ASTM A36 Grade B pipe structure has maximum stress of 63,116 MPa and it is relatively smaller and remains within the safe limits of the material. In addition, based on CFD simulation, the drag caused by the flow across the structure with this design is also smaller. Therefore, this study can be used as a consideration in making decisions to design the Darrieus VAHT frame.
Development of Decision Support System for Prevention Measures and Fire Accident Handling on Container Ship
Authors: Zaman Muhammad Badrus , Siswantoro Nurhadi , Fernando Ratu Balqis , Pitana Trika , Priyanta Dwi , Prastowo Hari
Published: September 2022

According to data 2018-2021 on the status of the National Transportation Safety Committee, the largest percentage of ship accidents (29%) in Indonesia are caused by fire or exploded. The main purpose of this research is to design a website-based application that can be accessed by phone to support ship crews in preventing and handling fires on board using a decision support system method, where the website-based application itself is an application that can be run using web and browser technology bases of internet or intranet. In the preparation of the research, first, observations were made on the cargo of dangerous goods transported by the container ship (MV. Sinar Penida). A website-based application for fire prevention and handling system is designed after making a mock-up. Application design is done by making mock-ups, designing interfaces, creating databases, and coding the application system. The features have been equipped with an emergency muster list, fire handling based on the class of cause, and a cargo separation feature based on the ship’s bay plan using the Decision Support System (DSS) method or decision support system that can increase the effectiveness in decision making.
Sensor technologies for quality control in engineered tissue manufacturing
Authors: McCorry Mary Clare , Reardon Kenneth F , Black Marcie , Williams Chrysanthi , Babakhanova Greta , Halpern Jeffrey M , Sarkar Sumona , Swami Nathan S , Mirica Katherine A , Boermeester Sarah , Underhill Abbie
Published: September 2022

The use of engineered cells, tissues, and organs has the opportunity to change the way injuries and diseases are treated. Commercialization of these groundbreaking technologies has been limited in part by the complex and costly nature of their manufacture. Process-related variability and even small changes in the manufacturing process of a living product will impact its quality. Without real-time integrated detection, the magnitude and mechanism of that impact are largely unknown. Real-time and non-destructive sensor technologies are key for in-process insight and ensuring a consistent product throughout commercial scale-up and/or scale-out. The application of a measurement technology into a manufacturing process requires cell and tissue developers to understand the best way to apply a sensor to their process, and for sensor manufacturers to understand the design requirements and end-user needs. Furthermore, sensors to monitor component cells’ health and phenotype need to be compatible with novel integrated and automated manufacturing equipment. This review summarizes commercially relevant sensor technologies that can detect meaningful quality attributes during the manufacturing of regenerative medicine products, the gaps within each technology, and sensor considerations for manufacturing.
Failure assessment of 3D woven composites under compression after low-velocity impact
Authors: Sun Jin , Dai Yunfeng , Huang Linhai , Zhao Junhua
Published: September 2022

The failure mechanism of 3D woven composites subjected to compression loading along principal/off-axis direction after low-velocity impact (LVI) was assessed by experimental and numerical methods. The low-velocity impacts under 26.8 J and 80 J energies were applied to the specimens with off-axis angles of 0° and 45°. It can be observed that the impact damages are direction-dependent, which is determined by the weft and warp orientations. By performing the compression-after-impact (CAI) tests, it is found that the CAI strength along principal direction is more sensitive to the low-velocity impact than that along off-axis direction. A finite element dynamic analytical method was established, considering four off-axis angles (0°, 30°, 45° and 60°). The results show that the extension direction of the impact damage changes regularly with the off-axis angle. During the compression, the small off-axis angle can make the specimen prone to produce a sudden crushing failure determined by the fiber failure due to the high axial stress. As the off-axis angle increases, the matrix damage gradually holds the dominant position due to the growing shear effect, which makes the specimen produce a ductile failure governed by the accumulated matrix failure.