bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
3D-printed vertebral body for anterior spinal reconstruction in patients with thoracolumbar spinal tumors
Authors: Zhou Hua , Liu Shanshan , Li Zhehuang , Liu Xiaoguang , Dang Lei , Li Yan , Li Zihe , Hu Panpan , Wang Ben , Wei Feng , Liu Zhongjun
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE

A 3D-printed vertebral prosthesis can be used to reconstruct a bone defect more precisely because of its tailored shape, with its innermost porous structure inducing bone ingrowth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of using a 3D-printed artificial vertebral body for spinal reconstruction after en bloc resection of thoracolumbar tumors.

METHODS

This was a retrospective analysis of 23 consecutive patients who underwent surgical treatment for thoracolumbar tumors at our hospital. En bloc resection was performed in all cases, based on the Weinstein-Boriani-Biagini surgical staging system, and anterior reconstruction was performed using a 3D-printed artificial vertebral body. Prosthesis subsidence, fusion status, and instrumentation-related complications were evaluated. Stability of the anterior reconstruction method was evaluated by CT, and CT Hounsfield unit (HU) values were measured to evaluate fusion status.

RESULTS

The median follow-up was 37 (range 24–58) months. A customized 3D-printed artificial vertebral body was used in 10 patients, with an off-the-shelf 3D-printed artificial vertebral body used in the other 13 patients. The artificial vertebral body was implanted anteriorly in 5 patients and posteriorly in 18 patients. The overall fusion rate was 87.0%. The average prosthesis subsidence at the final follow-up was 1.60 ± 1.79 mm. Instrument failure occurred in 2 patients, both of whom had substantial subsidence (8.47 and 3.69 mm, respectively). At 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively, the mean CT HU values within the artificial vertebral body were 1930 ± 294, 1997 ± 336, and 1994 ± 257, respectively, with each of these values being significantly higher than the immediate postoperative value of 1744 ± 321 (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

The use of a 3D-printed artificial vertebral body for anterior reconstruction after en bloc resection of the thoracolumbar spinal tumor may be a feasible and reliable option. The low incidence of prosthesis subsidence of 3D-printed endoprostheses can provide good stability instantly. Measurement of HU values with CT is a valuable method to evaluate the osseointegration at the bone-metal interface of a 3D-printed vertebral prosthesis.
Scientific Reasoning, Critical Thinking, and Academic Performance in Science of Selected Filipino Senior High School Students
Authors: Mae F. Farillon Leah
Published: March 2022

This correlational study on quantitative in nature was conducted to determine the relationship of scientific reasoning skills, critical thinking skills, and performance in Science of senior high school (SHS) students at Tapaz National High School, Capiz, Philippines. The variables in this study are the six different strands in SHS, namely, Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM); General Academic Strand (GAS); Accountancy, Business, and Management (ABM); Home Economics (HE); Information and Communications Technology (ICT); and Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW). The study used three instruments to quantify its goal with the statistical tools used to analyse data, i.e. the mean, standard deviation, and Pearson's r correlation coefficient. All inferential tests were set at 0.05 alpha level. The findings of the study revealed that the level of scientific reasoning skills of SHS students when taken as a whole was "high", and when grouped according to strand, the STEM, GAS, ABM, HE, and ICT were "high" while the SMAW was on “average” level of critical thinking skills. While when taken as a whole is found "developed" and when grouped according to strand, the STEM, GAS, ABM, HE, and ICT are "developed" while the SMAW is "moderately developed"; and their level of performance in Science, when taken as a whole, is "very satisfactory" and when grouped according to strand, the STEM, GAS, ABM, and HE were "very satisfactory" while the ICT and SMAW are "satisfactory". A significant relationship among the variables was taken as a whole and grouped according to strand. Students should learn to engage in scientific argumentation to develop their scientific reasoning and critical thinking skills. Also, the teachers should build up certain students' skills to better their performance in Science and other subjects. The school administration should also look for more sustainable programs and workshops for the teachers and students to improve their studies and lives.
African Development Bank: Impact on economic growth
Authors: Matveevsky Sergey S.
Published: March 2022

The article examines the impact of the African Development Bank (AfDB) on economic growth. The main activity of the Bank is connected with the projects that create new assets and directly affect the economy. 
The large amount of total assets of all Development Banks in the world, the significant annual amount of financing they provide determine their importance for the global economy. The author concludes that economic growth is associated with the use of five strategic programs: "Feed Africa", "Give energy and power to Africa", "Develop the industrialization of Africa", "Integrate Africa" and "Ensure an improvement in the quality of life for Africans". 
The Bank uses strategies for cooperation with African countries, planning and implementing projects under these strategic programs. As a result, new jobs are being created, agricultural productivity is increasing, and the infrastructure of African countries is developing. 
The effectiveness of the AfDB's activities is related to the multi-level evaluation system it uses, which allows assessing the dynamics of development in Africa as a whole, its contribution to the successful implementation of all planned and accepted operations, the quality of these operations and the effectiveness of the Bank as an organization. This system allows qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the completed projects, the achievement of the set economic and social goals, provides information for the preparation and implementation of corrective control actions. The AfDB links the inclusiveness of economic growth with the emergence of positive consequences for a significant part of the population of African countries with the growth of GDP (an increase in the share of GDP per citizen).
KONTRIBUSI KOMPETENSI PROFESIONALISME GURU TERHADAP PENINGKATAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM
Authors: Salim Agus , Lahmi Ahmad , Rasyid Aguswan
Published: March 2022

Tingkat motivasi peserta didik tidak jarang dipengaruhi oleh bagaimana kompetensi pendidik menyampaikan materi pembelajaran, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur besaran kontribusi kompetensi profesionalime yang dimiliki guru terhadap peningkatan motivasi peserta didik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif, teknik pengambilan sampel adalah total sampel, teknik analisis data menggunakan dilakukan melalui berbagai uji dengan bantuan SPSS versi 23. Hasil penelitian adalah kompetensi profesionalisme guru memberikan kontribusi berdasarkan adjusted R square sebesar 0.510 hal ini berarti 51% dari variabel peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa di MIN 2 Pasaman Barat dipengaruhi oleh variabel konstribusi kompetensi profesionalisme guru, adapun 49 % lainnya dipengaruhi oleh aspek lain di luar cakupan penelitian
Complex processing of high-carbon ash and slag waste
Authors: Chukaeva Mariia , Matveeva Vera , Sverchkov Ivan
Published: March 2022

The paper considers a current issue of ash and slag processing for the Polyus Aldan JSC, that has accumulated over 1 million tons of this waste. Following the results of the review of Russian and foreign literature, four promising areas of their use were selected: road construction, building materials, reclamation of disturbed lands, and inert aggregates. To assess the possibility of implementing the selected disposal directions, the samples of ash and slag waste of the enterprise were sampled and analyzed. Fuel characteristics, chemical and mineral composition, as well as physico-chemical and mechanical properties of waste were determined. Taking into account the results of complex laboratory studies and the requirements of regulatory documents, each of the selected areas of using ash and slag waste was evaluated. It was found that their disposal by traditional methods has limitations, mainly related to the high content of unburned fuel residues. The high content of combustible substances and the high specific heat of combustion with a relatively low ash content suggested the possibility of thermal disposal of the studied waste. Based on the literature data, the characteristics of the preparation of organic coal-water suspensions based on the studied ash and slag waste were selected. As a result of a series of experiments on their flaring, the expediency of using the obtained fuel at the enterprise under consideration has been proved. The authors note the possibility of using ash obtained after thermal waste disposal in the road construction industry. The prospects for further research of technologies for the preparation and combustion modes of suspension fuel based on ash and slag waste are determined.
Queere Geflüchtete und die Diskursivierung des ‚Anderen‘ in Debatten um Sexarbeit, ‚Willkommenskultur‘ und Schutz
Authors: Fixemer Tom , Hucke Verena
Published: March 2022

Unter Bezugnahme theoretischer Perspektiven zu postkolonialem Othering und diskursiven Grenzziehungen fragt dieser Beitrag nach den Un_Sichtbarmachungen und Ver-Anderungen von queeren Geflüchteten in Debatten um Sexarbeit, ‚Willkommenskultur‘ und Schutz. Anhand dieser drei Debatten werden diskursive Grenzziehungen entlang der Analysekategorie Un_Sichtbarmachungen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Verschränkung von Queerness und Migration/Flucht herausgearbeitet. Deutlich wird, inwiefern queere Geflüchtete im Kontext von Sexarbeit (strategisch) unsichtbar gemacht und auf eine vulnerable Position festgeschrieben werden sowie sexuell-geschlechtliche Selbstbestimmung weitreichend determiniert oder gar aberkannt ist.
Predictive value of combining clinicopathological, multimodal ultrasonic characteristics in axillary lymph nodal metastasis burden of patients with cT1-2N0 breast cancer
Authors: Duan Ying , Zhu Yangyang , Nie Fang , Guan Ling , Jia Yingying , Chen Kundi , Wang Weili
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE: To improving diagnosis of axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM), we assessed the value of combining clinicopathological, conventional ultrasound, SWE features in the cT1-2N0 breast cancer patients. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 285 patients with cT1-2N0 breast cancer who underwent preoperative ultrasound examination of the lesion and axillary, with shear wave elastography (SWE) of the lesions. According to the postoperative pathological results, they were divided into ≤2 metastatic ALNs group (low nodal burden, LNB) and > 2 metastatic ALNs group (high nodal burden, HNB). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to screen independent risk factors and establish prediction models. The best cut-off value of continuous variables is determined by the receiver operating characteristic curve, and the performance of the prediction model is evaluated. RESULTS: Presence of lymphovascular invasion (OR = 7.966, P = 0.010), tumor size (OR = 2.485, P = 0.019), Emean of intratumor (OR = 0.939, P = 0.002) and cortical thickness of lymph node (OR = 9.277, P < 0.001) were independent risk predictors for HNB of cT1-2N0 Group. The predictive model of combined method had better performance in predicting HNB of cT1-2N0 compared with models based on SWE and conventional ultrasound alone (area under the curve: 0.824 vs 0.658, P < 0.001; 0.824 vs 0.789, P = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS: The predictive models of combined method obtained from significant clinicopathological and ultrasonographic features can potentially improve the diagnosis and individual treatment of ALNM in patients with cT1-2N0 breast cancer.
Grateful Med: Direct access to MEDLINE for health professionals with personal computers
Authors: Dorsch Josephine L. , Faughnan John G. , Humphreys Betsy L.
Published: March 2022

Donald A.B. Lindberg M.D. arrived as Director, U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM) in late 1984 with the intention of implementing a physician-friendly interface to MEDLINE, a prime example of his interest in making NLM information services more directly useful in medical care. By early 1986, NLM’s Grateful Med, an inexpensive PC search interface to MEDLINE useful for health professionals, had joined the group of end-user systems for searching MEDLINE that emerged in the 1980s. This chapter recounts Grateful Med’s rapid iterative development and the subsequent campaign to bring it to attention of health professionals. It emphasizes Lindberg’s role, the challenges faced by those introducing and using the interface in a pre-Internet world, and some longer-term effects of the effort to expand health professionals’ use of MEDLINE during the decade from 1986 to 1996.
Promoting new and expanded roles for librarians and information specialists
Authors: Funk Carla J.
Published: March 2022

This chapter describes how the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), under the leadership of Donald A.B. Lindberg M.D., promoted new and expanded roles for librarians and information specialists in response to advances in technology and public policy. These advances brought information services directly to all potential users, including health professionals and the public and stimulated NLM to expand its programs, policies, and services to serve all. Dr. Lindberg included librarians and information specialists in all of NLM’s new endeavors, helping both to recognize and establish new or expanded roles. The involvement of librarians and information specialists in multidisciplinary healthcare research teams, in underserved communities, and in research data management and compliance has helped to redefine the health sciences information profession for the 21st century.
An intuitionistic fuzzy cloud model-based risk assessment method of failure modes considering hybrid weight information
Authors: Xiao Liming , Huang Guangquan , Zhang Genbao
Published: March 2022

Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is an effective tool utilized in various fields for discovering and eliminating potential failures in products and services, which is usually implemented based on experts’ linguistic assessments. However, incomprehensive weigh information of risk factors and experts, lacking the consideration of experts’ randomness and hesitation, and incomplete risk factor system is essential challenges for the traditional FMEA model. Therefore, to properly handle these challenges and further enhance the performance of the traditional FMEA, this study develops a new FMEA strategy for assessing and ranking failures’ risks. First, a novel concept of intuitionistic fuzzy clouds (IFCs) is developed by combining the merits of the intuitionistic fuzzy set theory and the cloud model theory in manipulating uncertain information. Some basic operations and the Minkowski-type distance measure of IFCs are also presented and discussed. Further, in the proposed FMEA model, two combination weighting methods are developed to determine the synthetic weights of experts and risk factors, respectively, which consider subjectivity and objectivity simultaneously. In addition, maintenance (M) is considered as a new risk factor to enrich the assessment factor system and facilitate a more reasonable risk assessment result. Finally, a case study is implemented along with comparisons to demonstrate the feasibility and superiority of the presented FMEA model.
An enhanced control method for torque ripple minimization of switched reluctance motor using hybrid technique
Authors: Mariappan Gengaraj , Lakshmanan Kalaivani
Published: March 2022

In this manuscript, a hybrid technique is proposed for Torque Ripple (TR) minimization of Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM). The proposed technique is the consolidation of Wingsuit flying search (WFS) optimization and Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) algorithm, hence it is known as WFS-GBDT technique. The control mechanisms consists of fractional order proportional integral derivative (FOPID) speed controller on external loop as well as current controller on internal loop with controlling turn activate and deactivate angles for SRM. The complexity of acquiring the ideal evaluation of proportional, integral and derivative gains for speed and current controller including turn activate and deactivate angles are deemed as a multi-objective optimization issue. Here, the WFS optimize the gain parameters of external speed loop along internal current loop with commutation angles for turn activate and deactivate switches. The WFS optimization processing is used to productive machine learning dataset under the types of SRM parameter. By using the satisfied dataset, the GBDT is predicted and mandatory forecasting is implemented in the entire machine operating stage. The optimized gain parameters based, the fractional order proportional integral derivative controller is tuned exactly. The proposed WFS-GBDT control technique lessens the torque ripple and quick settling time with this proper control, because of its systematic random search capabilities, thereby enhancing the dynamic execution of SRM drive. Finally, the proposed technique is activated in MATLAB/Simulink site, its performance is analyzed with existing techniques, like Base, ALO and WFS. The best, worst, mean, standard deviation for ISEspeed using proposed technique attains 230.5364, 231.5934, 230.952 and 0.05314. The best, worst, mean and standard deviation for torque ripple using proposed technique attains 0.4571, 0.6548, 0.585 and 0.472. The best, worst, mean, standard deviation for ISEcurrent using proposed technique attains 3.1257, 3.9754, 3.5783 and 0.0472.
One class SVM model based on neural tangent kernel for anomaly detection task on small-scale data
Authors: Zhai Yuejing , Liu Haizhong
Published: March 2022

Recent studies have shown that the evolution of infinitely wide neural networks satisfying certain conditions can be described by a kernel function called neural tangent kernel (NTK). We introduce NTK into a one-class support vector machine model and select data from different domains in UCI for a small-sample outlier detection task, demonstrate that NTK-OCSVM generally outperforms a variety of commonly used classification models, with more than 20% improvement in accuracy for similar models. When the kernel function parameters are varied, the experiments show that the model has strong robustness within a certain parameter range. Finally, we experimentally compare the time complexity of different models and the decision boundaries, and demonstrate that NTK-OCSVM improves accuracy at the expense of operational efficiency and has linear decision boundaries.
Personality Changes After Subthalamic Nucleus Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Brezovar Simon , Pažek Lucija , Kavčič Martin , Georgiev Dejan , Trošt Maja , Flisar Dušan
Published: March 2022

Background: While deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) significantly improves motor deficits in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), it is still unclear whether it affects personality functioning. Objective: The objective of the present study was to examine personality changes in patients with PD after STN-DBS from the perspectives of both the patients and caregivers. Moreover, by assessing the premorbid personalities of the patients, we tried to determine individual vulnerability to STN-DBS-induced personality changes. Methods: In total, 27 patients and their caregivers participated in our retrospective observational study. They were asked to assess the patients’ personality changes with the Iowa Scale of Personality Changes (ISPC) and the patients’ premorbid personalities with the Big Five Inventory (BFI). Results: Caregivers reported significant personality changes in the ISPC domains of Executive Disturbance (p = 0.01) and Disturbed Social Behavior (p = 0.02). Most of the ISPC domains were positively correlated with Conscientiousness, while Executive Disturbance was negatively correlated with Neuroticism of the BFI scale. Conclusion: Our results show that executive and social functioning are the two most vulnerable domains in patients with PD after STN-DBS, especially in those patients who score higher for neuroticism and lower for conscientiousness on the BFI scale. The results of our study may provide movement disorder specialists with better counseling options and better selection of DBS candidates. Caregivers’ perspective might contribute significantly in understanding postoperative personality changes.
Can serum albumin level affect the transcutaneous bilirubinometry in term neonates?
Authors: Kumar D. , Kumar D.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Jaundice is the quite common benign condition in neonates, but due to its potential toxicity, neonates must be monitored. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of serum albumin level on the transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) measurements in term neonates with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. METHODS: Serum albumin and total serum bilirubin (TSB) of 252 jaundiced term neonates were estimated and simultaneously TcB was measured over sternum and the effect of serum albumin on TcB measurements was evaluated. RESULTS: The correlation between TSB and TcB was linear and significant for the entire cohort. When this correlation was studied separately in the groups with different albumin levels, maximum correlation (r = 0.888, R2 linear = 0.789, p < 0.001) was observed in group 1 with hypo-albuminemia followed by in group 2 with normal albumin levels (r = 0.854, R2 linear = 0.729, p < 0.001) and group 3 with higher albumin levels (r = 0.809, R2 linear = 0.689, p < 0.001). Bland-Altman plot analysis of whole study population demonstrate good agreement between TSB and TcB [95% CI = –0.038 to 0.493 mg/dL, 17/252 = 6.75% outside the limits of agreement, Mean difference = 0.227]. This analysis in different groups also show good agreement between TSB and TcB. CONCLUSIONS: The correlation between the TSB and TcB may affected by serum albumin level. Therefore, transcutaneous bilirubinometry is not able to replace invasive TSB measurement. However, in the absence of TSB it could be an alternative to measure the level of bilirubin in term neonates.
Spasticity-related pain in children/adolescents with cerebral palsy. Part 1: Prevalence and clinical characteristics from a pooled analysis
Authors: Heinen Florian , Bonfert Michaela , Kaňovský Petr , Schroeder A. Sebastian , Chambers Henry G. , Dabrowski Edward , Geister Thorin L. , Hanschmann Angelika , Althaus Michael , Banach Marta , Gaebler-Spira Deborah
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE: A large prospective database from three Phase 3 studies allowed the study of spasticity-related pain (SRP) in pediatric cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS: Baseline (pretreatment) SRP data occurring during different activities in children/adolescents (aged 2–17 years, ambulant/nonambulant) with uni-/bilateral spastic CP was obtained using the Questionnaire on Pain caused by Spasticity (QPS; six modules specific to spasticity level [lower limb (LL) or upper limb (UL)] and type of respondent [child/adolescent, interviewer, or parent/caregiver]). RESULTS: At baseline, 331 children/adolescents with LL- and 155 with UL-spasticity completed at least one key item of their modules; LL/UL QPS modules of parent/caregivers were at least partially completed (key items) by 841/444 parents/caregivers. SRP with at least one activity at baseline was self-reported in 81.9% /69.7% (LLs/ULs) of children/adolescents with spasticity. Parents/caregivers observed LL/UL SRP behaviors in 85.9% /77.7% of their children, with multiple body regions affected. SRP negatively affected the great majority of the children in various ways. Child/adolescent-reported mean SRP intensity and parent/caregiver-observed mean SRP behavior frequencies were higher for LLs than ULs, and the level of SRP increased with more physically demanding activities. CONCLUSION: These data suggest SRP is more common and intense in pediatric CP than generally thought, emphasizing the need for effective, long-term pain management.
DOSE-PERSISTENCE RELATIONSHIP OF THREE TOPICAL REPELLENT COMPOUNDS AGAINST AEDES ALBOPICTUS AND CULEX NIGRIPALPUS
Authors: Xue Rui-de , Muller Gunter , Debboun Mustapha
Published: March 2022

The experimental piperidine compounds 1-(3-cyclohexen-1-ylcarbonyl)-2-methylpiperidine (AI3-37220), 1-(3-cyclohexen-1-ylcarbonyl) piperidine (AI3-35765), and N, N-diethyl -3- methylbenzamide (DEET) were evaluated for the persistence of repellency against laboratory-reared Aedes albopictus Skuse and Culex nigripalpus Theobald using a modified dose-persistence test procedure on human volunteers. The protection time (hours) provided by the tested repellent compounds against the two species of mosquitoes were proportional to the dose applied. Overall, higher application rates of each repellent compound were found to provide longer mean duration of protection from bites (MDPB) of the two species of mosquitoes. The repellent DEET tested against each mosquito species provided better protection time than the experimental repellent compounds AI3-37220 and AI3-35765. The three repellent compounds at 20 and 25% application rates provided the MDPB of Ae. albopictus for 5-8 hours and at 5, 10 and 15% provided the MDPB of Cx. nigripalpus for 5-7 hours. The MDPB provided by the three repellent compounds against Cx. nigripalpus was longer than that against Ae. albopictus. Also, the MDPB provided by each tested repellent compound varied from the individual human volunteer.
Summarizing Technique Applied by Students at The Second Grade of SMAN 3 Langsa
Authors: Nuraini
Published: March 2022

This aim of research was to find out kinds of summarizing technique that used by students at the second grade of SMAN 3 Langsa. Summarizing technique involves stating a work paragraph and main idea, simply, briefly, and accurately. The method of this study used qualitative method with descriptive design. The subject of study was 15 students of XI IPA7. The data were collected by using observation, interview, and documentation. Based on the result of research, the researcher found that summarizing technique that used by the students at the second grade XI IPA7 SMAN 3 Langsa were Precise summarizing technique. Precise summarizing technique is to read the contents of the text as a whole then to make conclusions from the text they read by using their own language as a whole. They summarize the ideas and thoughts they have compared to using the language in the text. In addition, students were also enthusiastic in reading English text because it developed their vocabulary mastery, explained their knowledge, and trained their creative thinking skill.
Investigating the Difficulties and Strategies of The EFL Students in Translating Indonesian English
Authors: Syukrina Syukrina
Published: March 2022

The aims of this study were to investigate the difficulties encountered by the EFL students at English Department of IAIN Langsa, as well as the strategies they utilised in translating Indonesian text into English. This research employed a qualitative approach with the technique applied purposive sampling. The researcher had ten sixth-semester students of English Education majors at IAIN Langsa as the subjects. Documentation and interview were employed as the instruments to collect data. Based on the outcomes of the two data, demonstrated that all of the students experienced difficulties in translating the text. The difficulties they encountered were related to: 1) Vocabularies particularly regarding religious terms, 2) Grammar, (3) Equivalence, and (4) problematic assorting the long sentence. They revealed that the lack of knowledge and seldom employing the certain vocabularies like religious terms in daily life that caused them felt difficult in translating the text. Meanwhile, the output of the interview expressed that the students employed three strategies to superintend the translation difficulties, namely : 1) Natural Borrowing Strategy, (2). Adaptation Strategy, and (3). Literal Translation Strategy. The students gained that these strategies were appropriate and simple for them to apply in overcoming difficulties during the translation process.
Students’ Perception of Online Learning in English Subject at SMK Negeri 3 Karang Baru
Authors: Siska Nanda Dewi
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to determine students' perceptions of online learning English at SMK Negeri 3 Karang Baru. This study used a qualitative method. The researcher used questionnaire as the instrument of research. In this study, the researcher found that many students did not agree with online learning. The material was difficult to understand, it was constrained by internet signals, so they preferred to study as usual. Based on the explanation above, it can be concluded that students' perceptions of online learning English were negative, and they were not satisfied with online learning English.
Computational analysis of a neutron trap in the center of the WWR-K reactor core for irradiation tests of large-sized objects
Authors: Shaimerdenov A. A. , Sairanbayev D. S. , Gizatulin Sh. Kh. , Romanova N. K. , Aitkulov M. T. , Tulegenov M. Sh. , Bugubay Zh. T. , Baitelesov S. A.
Published: March 2022

Nowadays, the WWR-K research reactor is operated with low-enriched uranium fuel and a beryllium neutron reflector. Irradiation positions located in the core make it possible to irradiate objects no larger than 50 mm in size. In the reactor tank, behind the beryllium reflector, there are irradiation positions with a diameter of 200 mm, but in them, in comparison with irradiation positions in the core, the neutron intensity is lower. This motivated us to carry out computational studies on the generation of a large diameter neutron trap in the center of the WWR-K reactor core. The paper presents the results of neutron-physical calculations on the generation of a neutron trap in the center of the WWR-K reactor core. The generation of a large diameter neutron trap in the core of the WWR-K reactor will make it possible to carry out radiation tests of large objects. For this, it is necessary to change the layout of the core. The influence of the transformation of the core on the experimental characteristics of the WWR-K reactor is shown.
Environmental tradeoffs of agricultural growth in Russian regions and possible sustainable pathways for 2030
Authors: Strokov Anton S. , Potashnikov Vladimir Y.
Published: March 2022

The paper analyses the current ecological consequences of agricultural growth in Russia’s main regions (oblast level) during 2011–2019. Our main hypothesis was that local environ­mental risks, like waste concentration, would be closely related to global climate risks such as greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the production of crops, meat, milk, eggs, and from land use change (LUC) activities leading to a larger carbon footprint. We first analyze official data for agricultural waste and find that 30% of it is concentrated in just two regions (Belgorod and Kursk), while they produce only 10% of agricultural value of Russia. Next, we find that manure nutrients have a high concentration in regions where the livestock production is not balanced with appropriate nutrient use on croplands (Dagestan, Astrakhan, Leningrad, and Pskov regions) which might lead to the pollution of soils and local waters. Next, we test the GLOBIOM partial equilibrium model to evaluate proper agricultural protein production quantities in Russian regions and respective GHG emissions from crop, livestock and land use change activities. We find that 21% of the GHG emission in 2019 came from the conversion of former abandoned agricultural land into cropland (starting from 2011). While some regions such as Krasnodar, Rostov, and Stavropol increase productivity with low carbon footprint, others, like Amur and Bryansk, increase production by cropland expansion without respective productivity growth which leads to higher carbon footprint. Our results for livestock operations show that the main hypothesis did not hold up because regions which increase meat production, like Belgorod, Kursk, Pskov, and Leningrad, have a lower carbon footprint due to the production of pork meat and poultry which have lower GHG emissions due to specific digestion. On the other hand, these regions experience a higher environmental footprint due to the large concentration of waste which could be harmful for local eco­systems. Finally, we use the model to project possible future development up to 2030. Our results show the possible growth of crop and livestock products in most of the regions driven by external demand for food. The extensive scenario shows additional GHG emissions from cropland expansion, while the intensive scenario reveals a larger growth rate accompanied by productivity growth and lower carbon footprint, which is essential in harmonizing the current agricultural and climate policy of Russia.
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Concrete Produced with Recycled Concrete Aggregates
Authors: Okechi Ikechukwu K. , Aguayo Federico , Torres Anthony
Published: March 2022

This study presents a comparison between the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of concrete produced with natural aggregate and that of concrete produced with recycled concrete aggregate. In order to achieve this, natural aggregate concrete (NAC) specimens were produced, tested, then crushed and sieved in the laboratory to obtain recycled concrete aggregates, which was then used in the production of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) specimens. The RAC samples were then tested and compared to the NAC samples. The CTE testing was carried out using a AFTC2 CTE measurement system produced by Pine Instrument Company. In addition to CTE testing, the water absorption, specific gravity, and unit weight of the aggregates was determined. A vacuum impregnation procedure was used for the water absorption test. The recycled aggregate properties showed a significantly higher absorption capacity than that of the natural aggregates, while the unit weight and specific gravity of the recycled aggregate were lower than that of the natural aggregates. The average CTE results showed that both the NAC and the RAC samples expanded similarly. The results show that the CTE of RAC depends on the natural aggregate used in the NAC, which was recycled to produce the RAC. Also, there was no significant difference between the average CTE values of the RAC and that of NAC that could discredit the use of recycled aggregate in concrete.
A BRIEF HISTORY OF UNDROP AND CHALLENGES TO ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Fadillah Kaban Afgan , Harahap Handra
Published: March 2022

The Indonesian government has issued agrarian reform policies to improve peasants' access to their means of production, particularly land, and reduce land inequality. Agrarian reform is carried out with asset legalization, land redistribution and social forestry. One of the things that may be highlighted is the struggle to encourage the implementation of UNDROP has not been fully supported by social movements in Indonesia in large numbers. The formulation of UNDROP does not occur at one particular moment, but through a process of discussion that takes place for several years before the finalization stage and is brought to the international space. This conference was a moment for UNDROP where it endorsed UNDROP as an international struggle of LVC and produced the Declaration on the Rights of Peasant – Women and Men. When the food crisis occurred, the LVC explained before the United Nations that the adoption of the UN Convention on the Rights of peasants could be the basis for solutions to discrimination against peasants and the food crisis. In the context of policy, the Government of Indonesia still tends to focus on policies that encourage economic growth through the withdrawal of investment and free trade.
Inclusive professional competencies of a teacher in the assessments of parents of children with disabilities
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Kantor Vitali Z. , Proekt Yuliya L. ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
Published: March 2022

Problem and goal. The effectiveness of the partnership of school teachers with parents of children with disabilities (hereinafter referred to as CHwD) in inclusive education is mediated by the extent to which the inclusive professional competencies that teachers possess correspond to parents' ideas about the nomenclature and comparative significance of these competencies. However, the evaluation position taken by parents of CHwD in relation to the list and hierarchy of inclusive professional competencies has not been the subject of special study. The purpose of the study was to investigate the paradigm of evaluation by parents of children with disabilities of inclusive professional competencies of a teacher. Materials and methods. To assess the importance of inclusive professional competencies of a teacher, parents were offered a list of 30 indicators of such competencies identified in the texts of 59 sample basic educational programs implemented by universities in the areas of training "Pedagogical Education", "Psychological and pedagogical education", "Special (defectological) education" and "Adaptive physical culture". The respondents were 127 parents with CHwD aged 3 to 16 years. In the course of the study, a meaningful and structural analysis of the hierarchy of importance of competence indicators and indicators of the importance of integral inclusive competencies of a teacher was carried out. Results. The study showed that parents of children with disabilities attach priority to the readiness and ability of the teacher to take into account the specifics of the physical and mental development of the child (M=3.96), to carry out an individual approach to him (M=3.99), to provide him with psychological and pedagogical support (M=3.98). The type of health disorder (F=5.05; p<0.0001) and the actual context of the child's education (F=2.81; p<0.0001) are significant factors mediating the paradigm of parents' assessment of inclusive teacher competencies of children with disabilities. Scientific novelty. The results obtained made it possible to consider the competence model of an inclusive education teacher from the point of view of the "parental request", to determine the specifics of this request depending on the type and nature of the child's developmental disorder, as well as the institutional conditions of his education. Practical significance. The conducted research makes it possible to determine the guidelines for adjusting the model of professional competencies of an inclusive teacher and improving the scientific and methodological support of the inclusive educational process in the context of psychological and pedagogical support and support of the student and his family.
Study of the functional resource of families raising children with disabilities
Authors:   Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmulla, Farkhutdinova Luiza V. , Sukhanova Oksana O. ,   Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution No. 1 of the compensating type (Blagoveshchensk)
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Today much attention is paid to the role of a family in the system of psychological, medical and pedagogical support for children with disabilities. The need to study the functional resource of a family with a child with special educational needs in order to identify its problem areas and determine psychotherapeutic targets determines the relevance of this study. Materials and methods. The study involved 32 families raising children with disabilities aged 4 to 7; the comparison group consisted of 32 families raising healthy children of the same age. The experience of family life is 5-8 years. The age of parents is from 27 to 38 years old. The following research methods and techniques were used: a test of the functional resource of the family by N.M. Lavrova and V.V. Lavrov; statistical processing was carried out using Pearson's chi-squared goodness-of-fit test and Fisher's angular transformation test. Results. In the group of families raising healthy children, in 9 families the functional resource indicators corresponded to the "high positive" zone, in 22 families an “average positive” resource was determined, in one family – a low positive resource. Among families raising a child with disabilities, two families had indicators on the border of “high positive”/“average positive” resource, in most cases (18 families) the indicators showed an “average positive” resource; in 12 families, the indicators corresponded to a “low positive” and “weakly negative” resource. When comparing indicators in families raising a child with disabilities with indicators in families with a healthy child, using Pearson's chi-squared goodness-of-fit test, significant differences were revealed (χ2 value is 19.620, p≤0.01). This indicates that the functional resource of families raising a child with disabilities is significantly lower than that of families raising a healthy child. The study of the functional resource of the family by this method made it possible to identify problem areas and determine the direction of the study of response patterns using a focused genogram in order to determine therapeutic targets. Conclusions. The data obtained in the study of the functional resource of the family using the test by N.M. Lavrova and V.V. Lavrov made it possible to state that the functional resource of families raising a child with disabilities is lower than the functional resource of families raising a healthy child; the analysis of the responses of a husband and wife in the same family allows identifying problem areas of the family and studying them using the analysis of a focused genogram.
Psychological conditions and means of ensuring continuity in students’ development at the stage of transition from secondary education to higher education
Authors:   Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education, Mitina Larisa M. , Mitin Georgy V. ,   Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education, Shchelina Svetlana O. ,   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod
Published: March 2022

Introduction. In an integral system of continuous education, a number of interrelated stages can be distinguished, between which a through vertical integration must be carried out, ensuring the continuity and integrity of the process of personality development, the continuity of the general and professional education. There are still no empirically verified data on the gaps (crises) of continuity at the stage of school-university and psychological means of overcoming them. The research purpose is to study the psychological conditions and develop psychological and pedagogical means to ensure the continuity in the development of students’ personality at the stage of transition from general education to higher education. Research materials and methods. The study involved 280 respondents: 43 schoolchildren and 32 school teachers and 177 students and 28 university teachers. The experimental study was carried out using methods aimed at studying the level of personal and professional development, self-awareness, psychological defenses of an individual, the features of interaction between teachers and students, the development of corrective and developmental programs. Research results. The research results made it possible to single out three continuity crises: the crisis of transition from general education to higher education, the crisis of the middle of studies at a university and the crisis of transition from university studies to professional activity. It is shown for the first time that overcoming and preventing continuity crises depend on a set of psychological conditions: 1) the level of the student’s self-awareness, 2) the level of the teacher’s personal and professional development, 3) the degree of formation of the polysubject community at school and university. Psychological and pedagogical means (psychological programs) aimed at preventing and correcting continuity crises have been developed, implemented and they proved their effectiveness. The students of the experimental group showed an increase in indicators on most scales of the CAT test in the ratio “before” and “after” the formative experiment (p < 0.01), which indicates an increase in the level of their personal and professional development and self-awareness. Conclusion. The identification of psychological conditions and integration of corrective and developmental programs into the educational process of a university to ensure continuity in students’ development is a promising direction for improving the training of students – future teachers.
Social attitudes of today’s youth towards receiving engineering education
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Altunina Varvara V. , Mychko Elena I. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Pankina Inga U. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
Published: March 2022

Introduction. The research relevance is due to the need to rethink the influence of young people’s social attitudes on receiving professional engineering education that integrates design, production-technological, organizational-managerial competencies. The research purpose is to characterize social attitudes towards receiving engineering education. Materials and methods. An anonymous online survey developed using the Google Forms online service was attended by 70 high school students from schools Nos. 24, 33 in Kaliningrad. Methods to determine the formation of structural components of the attitude of today’s youth towards receiving engineering education (“Unfinished Sentences”, a modification of the methodology by D. Sachs and S. Levy; a method for measuring the emotional component of an attitude by Crites, Fabrigar and Petty; a scale technique for studying the behavioral component – Likert scale modification) were also used. Such mathematical data processing method as Mann-Whitney U test was used. Research results. A comparative analysis of the results showed differences in the attitudes of young men and women towards receiving engineering education in terms of the manifestation of a cognitive component (in young men – informative and meaningful in nature, in young women – associative and figurative). The diagnostics of a behavioral component of the attitude reflected the readiness to act in favor of engineering education as the predominant type of behavioral readiness. The empirical value of the Mann-Whitney U test criterion is greater than the critical one (499.5>471), the differences in the level of the feature in the compared groups are not statistically significant (p>0.05). The results of diagnostics of the emotional component showed negative emotions in high school students (one-fifth of the respondents) towards receiving engineering education, while no significant differences in the attitudes of young men and women were found. Conclusions. The results obtained make it possible to identify a number of problematic cognitive features in young people’s attitudes. The functionality of a regional resource center, as a scientific and educational cluster, allows forming adequate social attitudes towards receiving engineering education among young people.