bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategies that can be used to attract sustainable electricity infrastructure investment in rural and Indigenous communities
Authors:   , Neale Saskia
Published: August 2022

This thesis discovers sustainable investment models applied in remote communities to improve energy security and affordability. A decision-making tool with Sustainable Community Investment Indicators was designed. A set of principles along the Sustainable Development Proposition informed those indicators. This thesis identifies strategies to attract sustainable electricity infrastructure investment in rural and Indigenous communities.
Teachers' perceptions of their obligations to uphold education rights of young primary children with disabilities
Authors:   , McLeod Jessica G.
Published: August 2022

Education is a fundamental human right. However, children with disability can experience greater exclusion accessing quality education compared with their peers. This thesis involved interviewing primary teachers to gain their perspectives of their rights and obligations. Using political philosophy to analyse the interview transcripts, it was found that participants’ understandings of rights obligations centred around: their knowledge of rights and rights documents, personal and professional experiences, and how they used moral reasoning. These findings provide a basis for supporting teachers to navigate the complexities of children’s rights to ensure access to high-quality education that supports holistic development for all children.
Exploring moral dilemmas in simulated traffic situations involving the use of autonomous vehicles while measuring neuropsychological correlates of driver intervention performance
Authors:   , Jones Ben H.
Published: August 2022

This thesis looks at human takeover of autonomous vehicles during a moral dilemma, and the numerous factors that can affect such an event, whilst utilising physiological measurements. Using the trolley problem as the moral dilemma and EEG measurements to assess cortical arousal, this thesis examined differences in moral outcomes and in arousal during autonomous and active driving, at differing points of the drive and the trolley problem.
A novel Road User Safety Field Theory for traffic safety assessment applying video analytics
Authors:   , Arun Ashutosh
Published: August 2022

This thesis introduces a new Road User Safety Field Theory to proactively assess traffic safety by studying the interactions of various road users at signalised intersections. The proposed theory combines road traffic environmental factors, vehicle capabilities and personal characteristics to determine the extent and strength of road users’ safety ‘bubble’ or field across various traffic interactions. By applying the Artificial Intelligence-based video data analytics, the proposed Road User Safety Field Theory is found to better estimate crash risks in terms of crash frequency and severity than traditional traffic conflict techniques.
The revolution continues: Mapping the Egyptian Twittersphere a decade after the 2011 Revolution
Authors: El Gody Ahmed
Published: August 2022

Ten years after the onset of the Arab revolutions, Facebook and Twitter have turned into powerful enablers of vast disinformation campaigns, harassment, censorship, and incitement of violence against activists, journalists, and human rights defenders. This, however, does not mean that the Egyptian online experience is over. A new generation of digital activists has started to emerge, bringing together disparate individuals and groups educating citizens how to exploit social media tools to support a common cause: democracy. Commemorating the tenth anniversary of the Egyptian Revolution, social media activists remembered the 18–day Revolution, revisiting the besieged networked public sphere and examining the future of activism in Egypt. This study aims to map the Egyptian Twittersphere in its celebration of a decade of the Revolution, exploring the actors present, their voice and interactivity, and the main themes that evolved.
Clinical spectrum of elderly-onset inflammatory bowel disease in India
Authors: Gupta Yogesh Kumar , Singh Arshdeep , Narang Vikram , Midha Vandana , Mahajan Ramit , Mehta Varun , Singh Dharmatma , Bansal Namita , Durairaj Madeline Vithya Barnaba , Dutta Amit Kumar , Sood Ajit
Published: August 2022

Background/Aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasingly being recognized in elderly patients. Data on clinical spectrum of elderly-onset IBD patients is lacking from India.Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of patients diagnosed with IBD was conducted at 2 centers in India. The clinical spectrum of elderly-onset IBD including demographic profile (age and sex), clinical presentation, disease characteristics (disease behavior and severity, extent of disease), and treatment were recorded and compared with adult-onset IBD.Results: During the study period, 3,922 (3,172 ulcerative colitis [UC] and 750 Crohn’s disease [CD]) patients with IBD were recorded in the database. A total of 186 patients (4.74%; 116 males [62.36%]) had elderly-onset IBD (69.35% UC and 30.64% CD). Diarrhea, blood in stools, nocturnal frequency and pain abdomen were the commonest presentations for UC, whereas pain abdomen, weight loss and diarrhea were the most frequent symptoms in CD. For both elderly onset UC and CD, majority of the patients had moderately severe disease. Left-sided colitis was the commonest disease location in UC. Isolated ileal disease and inflammatory behavior were the most common disease location and behavior, respectively in CD. 5-Aminosalicylates were the commonest prescribed drug for both elderly onset UC and CD. Thiopurines and biologics were used infrequently. Prevalence of colorectal cancer was higher in elderly onset IBD.Conclusions: Elderly onset IBD is not uncommon in India. Both the elderly onset UC and CD were milder, with no significant differences in disease characteristics (disease extent, location and behavior) when compared to adult-onset IBD. Colorectal cancer was more common in elderly onset IBD.
Proposal of novel staging system CNM (Crohn’s primary site, nodes, mesentery) to predict postoperative recurrence of Crohn’s disease
Authors: Rao Guduru Venkat , Pal Partha , Sekaran Anuradha , Rebala Pradeep , Tandan Manu , Reddy D. Nageshwar
Published: August 2022

After oncologic resection, histological grading and staging of the tumor give important prognostic information about the future risk of recurrence and hence influence the subsequent management plan. Several studies and their meta-analysis have shown that various histological features (e.g., microscopic positive resection margins, plexitis, granuloma, mesenteric inflammatory activity) can predict postoperative clinical/endoscopic/surgical recurrence after resection in Crohn’s disease (CD). Inclusion of mesentery in surgical resection specimens has been shown to reduce surgical recurrence after ileocolonic resection in CD. However, there is no uniform histopathological staging system for risk stratification in postoperative CD to systematically predict postoperative recurrence. This is because the prediction to date is based on clinical characteristics (smoking status, disease phenotype, surgical history). Histopathological predictors are still not adopted in routine clinical practice due to the lack of a uniform staging system, heterogeneity of published studies and lack of standardized definition of histological features. In this article, we attempted to incorporate all such histological features in a single histological staging system CNM (Crohn’s primary site [resection margin positivity, plexitis, granuloma, depth of infiltration], nodes [presence of granuloma], mesentery [involved or not]) in surgical resection specimen in CD. The proposed CNM classification would help to enable systematic reporting, design future clinical trials, stratify postoperative recurrence risk and choose appropriate postoperative prophylaxis.
Concomitant ankylosing spondylitis can increase the risk of biologics or small molecule therapies to control inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Jun Yu Kyung , Yoon Hyuk , Koh Seong-Joon , Kim A Hyeon , Kim Kwang Woo , Park Jun Won , Lee Hyun Jung , Kang Hyoun Woo , Im Jong Pil , Park Young Soo , Kim Joo Sung ,   on behalf of Seoul National University Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Network (SIRN)
Published: August 2022

Background/Aims: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) often. However, the disease course of patients with both IBD and AS is not well understood. This study aims to evaluate the effect of concomitant AS on IBD outcomes.Methods: Among the 4,722 patients with IBD who were treated in 3 academic hospitals from 2004 to 2021, 55 were also diagnosed with AS (IBD-AS group). Based on patients’ electronic medical records, the outcomes of IBD in IBD-AS group and IBD group without AS (IBD-only group) were appraised.Results: The proportion of patients treated with biologics or small molecule therapies was significantly higher in IBD-AS group than the proportion in IBD-only group (27.3% vs. 12.7%, P= 0.036). Patients with both ulcerative colitis and AS had a significantly higher risk of biologics or small molecule therapies than patients with only ulcerative colitis (P< 0.001). For univariable logistic regression, biologics or small molecule therapies were associated with concomitant AS (odds ratio, 4.099; 95% confidence interval, 1.863–9.021; P< 0.001) and Crohn’s disease (odds ratio, 3.552; 95% confidence interval, 1.590–7.934; P= 0.002).Conclusions: Concomitant AS is associated with the high possibility of biologics or small molecule therapies for IBD. IBD patients who also had AS may need more careful examination and active treatment to alleviate the severity of IBD.
A Comparative Study on the Rehabilitation System in Denmark
Authors:   Form of Public Safety and Culture, Choi Joo Hee , Gong Jung Sik , Hyun Mun Jung
Published: August 2022

Recently, the number of criminal offenses has been gradually increasing, and among the arrested offenders, the proportion of ex-convicts accounted for 43.1% in 2020, so social problems caused by recidivism has been continued. This indicates that the after-care for released prisoners and prevention of recidivism, including the operation of the Korea Rehabilitation Agency(‘a.k.a Gongdan’), are not being operated efficiently in society. This seems to have been affected by the lack of national and social interest in rehabilitation services, and also institutional loopholes, lack of manpower and budget, and lack of cooperation between related institutions those arose from lack of interest. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the case of Denmark to identify the problems of Korea’s rehabilitation system and derive improvement proposals.
The study was conducted focusing on foreign literature and data. First of all, analyzing the laws related to the rehabilitation system in Denmark was conducted in order to study the rehabilitation system of Denmark and its current status. Second, current rehabilitation services in Denmark were investigated. And, comparing the case of Denmark with Korea was conducted, to present measures to be improved and supplemented in Korea’s rehabilitation system.
As a result of the study, Denmark was enacting related laws that guaranteed the cooperation obligation of local governments to care for released prisoners, although there were no independent laws on the rehabilitation system. And, a reform plan for inmates is established to quickly identify the characteristics and needs of inmates so that related treatment was provided quickly and long-term after the subject was released from prison. Rehabilitation services in Denmark were specialized in family support services, and there are charity institution-centered services such as family activities(family camp, peer camp) and psychological support(online chat counseling).
Through the case of Denmark, the following improvement plans were proposed. First, it is to establish a legal basis for smooth information sharing and linkage between the Gongdan, correctional institutions, and local government. Second, it is to supplement manpower and institutions so that advance consultation of Gongdan is carried out quickly and continuously. Third, in relation to the family support services, it is to introduce an online chat counseling system for released prisoners’ children and to hold regular family camps and peer camps. Fourth, it is to provide specialized services to those subject to protection who are highly likely to recidivism in the advance consultation system.
A Study on the Effect of Three Causes(3E) of Safety and Accident by Drivers Using Safety Working Manual in the Remote Controlled Tower Crane Works
Authors:   Form of Public Safety and Culture, Park Jong Young
Published: August 2022

According to the result of analysis of 23 accidents related to tower cranes that have occurred over the past 6 years ('14~'19. 6) due to the increase in the use of remote controlled tower cranes, it found out 26 general tower cranes (72.2%) and 10 remote controlled tower cranes (27.8%) among the 36 fatal accidents. There were no accidents in 2018, but in the first half of 2019, the fatal accident rate of remote controlled tower cranes is increasing with two accidents resulting in three deaths.
The purpose of this study is to Analyze adjustment effect of safety working manual on effect of the HARVEY's safety accident indirect cause theory -three causes (3E) of safety and disaster occurred by drivers in the remote controlled tower crane works.
The research method is to conduct a survey of workers and stakeholders, and to find out what is the difference on the effect of three causes (3E) of independent variables to safety accident caused by controllers, which are dependent variables when using a safety work manual. For this, Sobel Test and Bootstrap verification were performed using the Jamovi statistical program. Results of analysis, using of the safety working manual was shown that there is a difference statistically on the effect of three causes (3E)-enforcement cause, engineering cause and educational cause- to safety accident caused by drivers.
As survey results of whether the equipping and using of the safety working manual for the remote controlled tower crane, it found out that the manual utilization was very low because there is no manual in most construction sites, or workers did not know whether safety working manual is equipped. Through this study, it will be necessary to improve the utilization through spreading manuals to all construction sites as well as manual development.
Forward, It is expected that safety working manual can be equipped on all construction sites that use remote controlled tower cranes and to help for safe work and prevention of accident and look forward to continuously leading to the development of safety working manual for construction machines.
A Study on the Perception and Performance of Infection Control of Care Workers in Nursing Home
Authors:   Form of Public Safety and Culture, Shin Mi Suk , Song Kyoung Hwa
Published: August 2022

Purpose : Elderly people in nursing homes typically have multiple conditions that increase their risk for infection, including chronic diseases and depressed immune systems. Infections are common in nursing homes and contribute significantly to resident morbidity and mortality. Therefore, controlling of infections in nursing homes is an important issue and it is necessary to educate that can improve infection control for care workers. The objectives of this study are to describe the level of perception and performance of infection control of care workers in nursing home and to provide the basic data of the infection control education program for care workers.
Methods : A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted with 120 care workers who are employed in 8 nursing homes. The data were collected by using self-report questionnaires from March 2 to June 15, 2021. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and pearson correlation coefficient, stepwise multiple regression performed using SPSS Windows for 22.0 program.
Results : The mean scores of perception and performance of infection control of care workers were 4.13±0.44 and 4.05±0.47. There were statistically significant differences in the perception of infection control according to age(F=3.35, p=.038), education level(F=4.33, p=.015) and nursing home size(F=4.34, p=.015). There were statistically significant differences in the performance of infection control according to nursing home size(F=6.85, p=.002). Performance of infection positively correlated with the perception of infection control(r=.92, p<.001). Perception of infection control and nursing home size were the primary factors that impacted the care worker’s performance of infection control by explaining 85.5% of the variance. Particularly, perception of infection control was identified as factors influencing performance of infection control(β=.90, p<.001).
Conclusion : Findings from this study provide valuable information regarding perception of infection control was the major factor that impacts infection control performance. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the perception of infection control and provide systematic education about infection control.
Study on the response of ‘Kinetic School Drawing’(KSD) of multicultural children and general children
Authors:   Form of Public Safety and Culture, Seo Myeong Sun
Published: August 2022

This study attempted to study the response characteristics through the KSD picture of elementary school students, focusing on multicultural children and general children. The participants were 130 multicultural children and 130 general children in elementary schools located in Busan. As for the research data, paintings were collected with the help of cultural students and elementary school counselors and teachers in charge of the researcher's training course between 2012 and 2019, and additional recruitment was collected in 2020. As for the measurement tool, the satisfaction of school life and adaptation with friends were examined through KSD, a diagnostic tool for art therapy. As a result of this study, first, multicultural children expressed "sadiology", "non-academic", and "physiology" more than general children, and multicultural boys showed higher self-image than girls, and general girls showed the most interaction with "self-love". Second, as for the response characteristics of the questionnaire, general female children had the highest satisfaction with their teachers in school, and multicultural male children had the lowest. Third, as a result of comparing and analyzing the school life of multicultural children and general children, general female children had the highest satisfaction and general male children had the highest relationship with friends. Therefore, general male and female children had higher overall satisfaction than multicultural male and female children. As a result of this study, it is meaningful that KSD is a useful tool to identify children's adaptation and psychological problems from school life, and it will be a reference guide for teachers. Based on the above conclusions, research on standards that can objectively analyze and compare comparisons according to the development stage of each grade will be needed.
The role for high volume local infiltration analgesia with liposomal bupivacaine in total hip arthroplasty: A scoping review
Authors: Vij Neeraj , Supra Rajesh , Vanvalkenburg Delena , Comardelle Nicholas , Kaye Alan D. , Viswanath Omar , Urits Ivan
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Liposomal bupivacaine has been integrated into clinical practice within many surgical disciplines to reduce post-operative pain and opioid consumption. This novel agent has been utilized in this regard in many subdisciplines of orthopedic surgery. Total hip arthroplasty has significant opioid use post-operatively as compared to many other orthopedic disciplines.

Objectives

The purpose of the present investigation is to summarize the current use of liposomal bupivacaine after total hip arthroplasty and to shed light on the prospect of liposomal bupivacaine to reduce opioid use after total hip arthroplasty. A tertiary purpose is to identify future areas of adjunctive pain measures that can assist in the reduction of opioid use after total hip arthroplasty.

Methods

This IRB-exempt scoping review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist strictly. The literature search was performed in Mendeley. Search fields were varied until redundant. All articles were screened by title and abstract and a preliminary decision to include an article was made. The full-text screening was performed on the selected articles. Any question regarding the inclusion of an article was discussed by three authors until an agreement was reached.

Results

A total of 21 articles were included for qualitative description of the opioid epidemic, opioid overuse in total hip arthroplasty, and risk factors for opioid overuse in total hip arthroplasty. A total of 9 articles were included regarding the use of liposomal bupivacaine in total hip arthroplasty. Several risk factors have been identified for opioid overuse after total hip arthroplasty. These include younger age, an opioid risk tool score of > 7, a higher body mass index, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency syndromes, preexisting pain syndromes, peripheral vascular disease, anxiety and mood disorders, and substance abuse disorders. Liposomal bupivacaine reduces postoperative opioid use, patient-reported outcomes, length of stay, and time to ambulation, yet is more expensive than traditional bupivacaine.

Conclusions

Liposomal bupivacaine represents a useful adjunct for multimodal pain strategies in total hip arthroplasty with sufficient evidence to suggest that it may be useful in decreasing postoperative opioid use. The high costs of LB represent a barrier to institutional acceptance of LB into standardized multimodal pain strategies. Further efforts should be aimed toward better understanding the current state of integration of LB into academic and private practice settings, industry movements to decrease the cost, and the role other adjunctive measures may have in reducing post-operative opioid use.
Outcomes after minimally invasive and surgical management of suprascapular nerve entrapment: A systematic review
Authors: Vij Neeraj , Fabian Isabella , Hansen Colby , Kasabali Ahmad J , Urits Ivan , Viswanath Omar
Published: August 2022

Background

The prevalence of suprascapular neuropathy is higher than previously estimated. Recent literature highlights a myriad of treatment options for patients ranging from conservative treatment and minimally invasive options to surgical management. However, there are no comprehensive review articles comparing these treatment modalities.

Objective

The purpose of this review article is to summarize the current state of knowledge on suprascapular nerve entrapment and to compare minimally invasive treatments to surgical treatments.

Methods

The literature search was performed in Mendeley. Search fields were varied redundant. All articles were screened by title and abstract and a preliminary decision to include an article was made. A full-text screening was performed on the selected articles. Any question regarding the inclusion of an article was discussed by 3 authors until an agreement was reached.

Results

Recent studies have further elucidated the pathoanatomy and described several risk factors for entrapment ranging. Four studies met our inclusion criteria regarding peripheral nerve stimulation with good pain and clinical outcomes. Two studies met our inclusion criteria regarding pulsed radiofrequency and showed promising pain and clinical outcomes. One study met our inclusion criteria regarding transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and showed good results that were equivalent to pulsed radiofrequency. Surgical treatment has shifted to become nearly all arthroscopic and surgical outcomes remain higher than minimally invasive treatments.

Conclusions

Many recently elucidated anatomical factors predispose to entrapment. A history of overhead sports or known rotator cuff disease can heighten a clinician’s suspicion. Entrapment at the suprascapular notch is more common overall, yet young athletes may be predisposed to isolated spinoglenoid notch entrapment. Pulsed radiofrequency, peripheral nerve stimulation, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation may be effective in treating patients with suprascapular nerve entrapment. Arthroscopic treatment remains the gold-standard in patients with refractory entrapment symptoms.
Liposomal Bupivacaine Decreases Post-Operative Opioid Use after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Review of Level I Evidence
Authors: Vij Neeraj , Newgaard Olivia , Norton Matt , Tolson Hannah , Kaye Alan D. , Viswanath Omar , Urits Ivan
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Anterior Cruciate Ligament tears are common after a non-contact injury and several thousand reconstructions (ACLR) occur yearly in the United States. Multimodal pain management has evolved greatly to include nerve blocks to minimize physical therapy losses post-operatively, pericapsular and wound injections, and other adjunctive measures. However, there is a surprisingly high use of opioid use after ACLR.

Objective

The purpose of present investigation is to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding opioid use after ACLR and to synthesize the literature regarding the use of liposomal bupivacaine and its potential to reduce post-operative opioid use in ACLR patients.

Methods

The literature search was performed in Mendeley. Search fields were varied until redundant. All articles were screened by title and abstract and a preliminary decision to include an article was made. A full-text screening was performed on the selected articles. Any question regarding the inclusion of an article was discussed by three authors until an agreement was reached.

Results

Eighteen articles summarized the literature around the opioid epidemic in ACL surgery and the current context of multimodal pain strategies in ACLR. Five primary articles directly studied the use of liposomal bupivacaine as compared to reasonable control options. There remains to be over prescription of opioids within orthopedic surgery. Patient and prescriber education are effective methods at decreasing opioid prescriptions. Many opioid pills prescribed for ACLR are not used for the correct purpose. Several risk factors have been identified for opioid overuse in ACLR: American Society of Anesthesiologists score, concurrent meniscal/cartilage injury, preoperative opioid use, age < 50, COPD, and substance abuse disorder. Liposomal bupivacaine is effective in decreasing post-operative opioid use and reducing post-operative pain scores as compared to traditional bupivacaine. LB may also be effective as a nerve block, though the data on this is more limited and the effects on post-operative therapy need to be weighed against the potential therapeutic benefit. LB is associated with significantly greater costs than traditional bupivacaine.

Discussion

The role for opioid medications in ACLR should continue to decrease over time. Liposomal bupivacaine is a powerful tool that can reduce post-operative opioid consumption in ACLR.
Review on Nerve Blocks Utilized for Perioperative Total Knee Arthroplasty Analgesia
Authors: Hasegawa Morgan , Singh Dylan , Urits Ivan , Pi Michael , Nakasone Cass , Viswanath Omar , Kaye Alan D.
Published: August 2022

Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is an increasingly common procedure performed for advanced osteoarthritis. Optimal perioperative pain management strategies are critical for early mobilization and shorter hospital stays in TKA. Peripheral nerve blocks commonly used in TKA perioperative analgesia including individual and combined femoral, obturator, sciatic, lumbar plexus, and adductor canal nerve blocks. Overall, the safety profile varies depending on which block is utilized, but the current evidence suggests when optimally chosen and delivered, peripheral nerve blocks may provide a safe, effective option for perioperative analgesia. Determining optimal analgesic regimens for total knee arthroplasty is critical to improve postoperative pain, patient satisfaction, decreasing opioid usage, recovery times and functional outcomes, and as such, peripheral nerve blocks may represent a viable option to supplement analgesic requirements in the perioperative period.
Islam, Blackness, and African Cultural Distinction: The Islamic Négritude of Shaykh Ibrāhīm Niasse
Authors: Wright Zachary
Published: August 2022

Ideas of African cultural or racial distinction, most notably Négritude, largely have been dismissed as marginal to “ordinary” Africans, or the vast majority who did not have the opportunity to study in Paris or London and meet with ideologues of Black nationalism from the diaspora. Sub-Saharan African Muslims earlier responded to a process of racial othering, particularly in response to the prejudice of some Arab coreligionists. Even if Black African Muslims were reacting to decidedly different circumstances than African Americans or Black West Indians studying in Europe, Muslim articulations of Black cultural identity in the twentieth century successfully pivoted to the new historical discourse, both apprising and contributing to the discourse on Africaniteé emerging from the diaspora. This study considers the engagement with the question of Black racial identity by the prominent Senegalese Muslim scholar Shaykh Ibrāhīm Niasse (1900–1975).
The Effect of Hand Blood Flow on the Peripheral Fingertip Plethysmographic Waveforms Morphology and Pulse Wave Velocity
Authors: Abdullah Sheamaa Ahmed , Essa Samar I. , Talib Bassam
Published: August 2022

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a non-invasive optical technique that employs variations in light absorption produced by alteration in the blood volume in capillaries at the skin during the cardiac cycle. This study aims to understand factors related to PPG morphology; a hand-elevation, the study has modified blood flow to and from the finger was conducted in the laboratory. It is widely established that the position of the limb relative to the heart has an effect on blood flow in arteries and venous. Peripheral digital pulse wave (DPW) signals were obtained from 15 healthy volunteer participants during hand-elevation, and hand-lowering techniques wherein the right hand was lifted and lowered relative to heart level, while the left hand remained static. The pulse width, time to peak (TTP), the time to the maximum slope (TTMas) were computed from 30sec DPW signals at three positions of the right hand with regard to heart level, i.e. 35 cm above heart level (+35 cm), at the level of the heart (0 cm), and 35 cm below the level of the heart (-35 cm). DPW characteristics were found to alter with hand position. On lowering the hand to -35 cm relative to heart level, DPW width from the middle finger increased by (6%), but lowering the arm decreased the TTP (by 11 %), TTMas (by 18 %). These changes in time-dependent DPW indices may be attributed to changes in hydrostatic pressure and the venoarterial reflex that changes the blood vessels filling from completely filled one at -35 cm due to arterial vasoconstriction and decreased venous return to partially emptied blood vessels due to arterial vasodilatation and increased venous return at +35 cm. It was assumed that these time-dependent morphological DPW indices alterations were controlled by changes in downstream venous resistance rather than arterial or arteriolar, resistance. Keywords: photo plethysmography, hand elevation, vasoconstriction, vasodilation, vascular mechanics
Molecular Detection of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Different Clinical Cases and Test Antibiotics Sensitivity on the Bacterial Growth
Authors: Adilabdulhady Duaa , Kadhim Hadaf Mahdi
Published: August 2022

150 samples were collected from different clinical causes of hospitals in Al-Diwaniyah city. All samples were cultured on blood agar and Maconkey agar medium and incubated for 24 hat 37°C. The results showed 112 (74.6%) bacterial growth. Initially, identification of the bacterial isolates were carried out viabiochemical tests, 25 isolates Pseudomonasaeruginosa were detected. Identity was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the areE genewith size 498pb. This bacterium was isolated from burn infection 30% and wound infection 20%, while it was isolated from Respiratorytract 16.6%. The antibiotics susceptibilitytest for 16 bacterial isolates have been tested. It has been found that the bacterial isolates were resistance 100% for Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Piperacillin, Cefotaxime and Cefepim and 18.75% forMeropenem. While they were sensitive 100% for Amikacin. Keywords: antibiotics, areE gene, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, PCR.
Prevalence of H. Pylori Infection among Patients with Recurrent Gastric Ulcer in Arbil City
Authors: Azeez Bakhtyiar Shwan , Yassin Sana Rafat , Yassin Ayshan Rafat
Published: August 2022

Aim: This study's goal is to identify the prevalence of H. pylori infection among patients with recurrent gastric ulcers in Arbil, Iraq. Study design: A cross-sectional study Place & duration of the study: From Oct 2021 to Feb 2022 in the private laboratories in Arbil city/Iraq. Methodology: A total of 83 patients with recurrent gastric ulcers were admitted to the private laboratories in Arbil city. Blood samples were collected for detection of anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies IgG and IgA in patient serum samples by the serological method by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. A special questionnaire sheet was designed and used for each patient subject. Results: Among 83 screened samples, the overall seroprevalence rate of H. pylori infection patients with recurrent gastric ulcer was 47 (56.6%). H. pylori infection was more common in female patients (59.1%) compared to male patients (53.8%). The rate of Helicobacter pylori infection was higher (84.2%) among the young adult-aged patient group (21-30) years, and (63.4%) in urban patients. A higher seropositive rate of H. pylori infection was among married patients (51.8%). Regarding marital status, most of the seropositive patients were among married patients (51.8%), (64%) among nonuse therapy, (56.7%) in the A blood group, (66.6%) among severe symptom patients, and (69.2%) among patients with a previous history of H. pylori infection respectively. Conclusions: Patients with recurrent stomach ulcers had greater levels of helicobacter pylori antibodies, which were linked to negative outcomes. Keywords: H. pylori, gastric ulcer, recurrent infection IgG, IgA
Factors Affecting Nursing Students Learning in Clinical from Student Viewpoint at Taif University
Authors: A.M. Sayed Suheir. , Sarab Alsuwat, , Jamilah Alsufyani , Amjad Althobyani, , Maha Alharthi, , Samiyah Almutairi ,, , Amani Alqurqshi, , Noha Almwllad,
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Clinical practice is important because it allows students to apply their theoretical knowledge in a real environment, develop psychomotor skills, observe and adapt the professional role. In clinical practice, many factors may affect students’ learning. These factors are listed as These factors are listed as students related issues, clinical instructor related issues and clinical environment related issues. In order to plan an effective learning, it is essential to specify these factors and organize them in a way that will support the students’ learning. This research will discuss these factors in detail. Aim: The research aims was assessing the factors affecting nursing student learning in clinical practice Method: Descriptive cross-sectional community-based study was conducted at the University of Taif in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The duration of the study spanned from August 2021- June 2022, the questionnaire was sent to participants via electronic links on Mobile phones, Results: the study consists of 218 participants, most of them from the fourth year , numbered 92, third year was 54, then the second year was number 41 and finally the first was 31 and most of them are females (62.8%) , 151 student did not have diseases (69.1% ) While 49 students had vision impairment (23.3%), Majority of the nursing students 128(58.7%) choosing nursing as a opportunity , the Majority 169 nursing Student agreed that worried about making mistakes in clinical placement while 96 students was said the characteristics of instructor is difficult and 86 students complain the instructor is more interested in their appearance more than their education , half the students 112 student They said there is a difference between theory and practical training and 73 students they said they needed more time for hospital training , the was statistic significant association between student related factors and A grade point average (p.v =.084) and also the was significant statistic association between Clinical related factors and A grade point average (p.v =.091) Conclusions: It is clear that all themes mentioned by the students play an important role in student learning and nursing education in general. Learning of students in clinical placements is affected by factors originating from themselves, the instructor and clinical wards. Readiness of students, personal and professional characteristics of instructor and attitudes of staff towards students in placements have importance on learning of students. Recommendation: Practical training is very important in the educational process. We recommend increasing the hours of practical training, link practice with the theoretical part and use modern methods in training Keywords: Clinical practice, Nursing Students, Learning, Student Viewpoint and Taif University
Safety and outcomes of thrombolytic therapy in patients with pulmonary embolism and thrombocytopenia: A systematic review
Authors: Ata Fateen , Hamad Ibrahim Wanis , Nasser Affas Mohammad , Ahmad Khan Haseeb , Younas Hafiz Waqas , Maat Zakaria , Ali Mohamed Sabah Elshayeb , Daoudi Balqis
Published: August 2022

Thrombolysis is an established therapeutic modality for patients with high-risk (and some selected intermediate-risk) pulmonary embolism (PE) with hemodynamic instability. Physicians sometimes experience cases where both a high-risk PE and thrombocytopenia coexist. Although thrombocytopenia of <  100 × 103/mm3 is considered a contraindication in patients with ischemic stroke, the safety and outcomes of thrombolysis in patients with acute PE and thrombocytopenia are unknown. This systemic review aimed to pool data on the safety and outcomes of thrombolysis use in patients with PE and platelet count less than 150 × 103/mm3. Patients’ demographics, clinical characteristics, management, type of thrombolytic therapy, and outcomes were extracted and analyzed. Of 283 articles identified through the systematic search, 11 case reports fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The mean age of the patients was 52.27 years, and 54.5% were women. The median platelet level before thrombolysis was 65.50 × 103/mm3. Before thrombolysis was initiated, the lowest and highest platelet levels were 29 × 103/mm3 and 105 × 103/mm3, respectively. Alteplase was used in 10 patients and urokinase in one patient. One patient who had a massive PE died of aspiration pneumonia. Interestingly, no thrombocytopenia-related complications were reported. This systematic review highlights the potential benefits and safety of thrombolysis in patients with acute PE in the context of thrombocytopenia. Nevertheless, data available in the literature concerning this topic are scarce and limited to case reports. More extensive studies on the use of thrombolysis in patients with PE and thrombocytopenia are desperately needed.

Systematic review registration: The protocol has been registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO): CRD42021286415.
Health research-strengthening and capacity development: Research support system model in an academic healthcare system
Authors: Irfan Furqan B , Consunji Rafael I.G.D.J , Janahi Ibrahim A. , Alinier Guillaume
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Healthcare research contributes to the well-being of a population; hence, it is important to use the right system to ensure that junior researchers develop the required skills. Current research-strengthening and capacity development programs might lack a research process-based common framework or model leading to variable and suboptimal outcomes. This study aimed to describe the development and evaluation of a model for health research-capacity development at both individual and institutional levels in a Joint Commission International-accredited governmental healthcare organization in Qatar.

Methods: This retrospective observational study evaluated a research support system employed in Qatar for 1 year and constituted of16 stations, each covering a different topic and supported by an experienced faculty member. We recorded how many faculty members were involved and how many people accessed which stations. We developed an outcomes logistic model and obtained feedback about their experience of using the research support system through a short survey.

Results: Twenty-one faculty members supported a total of 77 participants, representing various professions and specialties. The majority of the participants received support on multiple stations, and the most solicited were study design and methodology (n = 45, 58.4%) and research idea (n = 29, 37.7%). The most common type of research that participants required support for was clinical research (n = 65, 84.4%). Moreover, 58.4% of the participants answered the survey, and their responses attested to their perceived benefit of making use of the research support system.

Conclusion: The research support system presented was positively evaluated by participants and promoted networking. Such aspects are favorable to the development of a research culture within an organization and would be a good addition for implementation in universities running healthcare programs and hospitals with residency programs and a large and varied healthcare workforce. This would contribute to the development of health-related research capacity and quality of research outputs in these institutions.
Otlu Peynir Örneklerinin Lipoliz ve Proteoliz Değerleri Üzerine Farklı Depolama Koşullarının ve Otların Etkisi
Authors: KÖSE Şenol , OCAK Elvan
Published: August 2022

Bu çalışmada, koyun sütünden Sirmo (Allium vineale L.), Mendi (Chaerophyllum macropodum Boiss.) ve Siyabo (Ferula rigidula DC.) otları kullanılarak üretilen Otlu peynirlerin olgunlaşma süresince meydana gelen kimyasal ve biyokimyasal özelliklerindeki değişimler araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla Otlu peynir üretiminde hem geleneksel hem de endüstriyel üretim teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Olgunlaşma süresince Otlu peynir örneklerinin bir kısmı vakum ambalajlama yapılarak bir kısmı da salamura içerisinde depolanmıştır. Üretilen peynirlerden depolamanın 2., 30., 60., ve 90. günlerinde örnek alınarak % kurumadde, % toplam azot, % yağ, % tuz, pH, % WSN, % TCA-SN ve % PTA-SN analizleri yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar, çiğ sütten üretilen Otlu peynirlerin ortalama % yağ, pH, % WSN, % TCA değerlerinin pastörize sütten üretilen Otlu peynirlerden yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, depolama süresi boyunca Otlu peynirlerin ortalama % kül, % WSN, % TCA, % PTA değerlerinin zamana bağlı olarak artış gösterdiği ve salamurada depolanan örneklerin ortalama pH ve % tuz oranının vakum ambalajda depolanan Otlu peynirlerden daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Farklı otlar ilave edilerek üretilen Otlu peynir örneklerinde depolama süresi, ambalaj çeşidi ve üretim tekniklerine bağlı olarak kimyasal ve biyokimyasal özelliklerin değişkenlik gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.
Effect of Mulberry Fortification on Functional, Physical and Sensory Properties of Gluten-free Muffin
Authors: MERAL Raciye
Published: August 2022

The present study investigated the effects of mulberry on some quality parameters of gluten-free muffins. The muffins were produced containing mulberry 0 (MB0), 5 (MB5), 10, (MB10), and 15% (MB15), respectively. The average specific volume of the MB0 muffin was 2.22 mL g-1, but the muffin volumes decreased to 2.18, 2.06, and 1.99 mL g-1 for other samples. The firmness increased with increased mulberry levels. While the firmness of MB0 was 0.61 kg, it increased to 0.64, 0.65, and 0.71 kg in the MB5, M10, and MB15. The addition of mulberry increased the total phenolic content (TPC) from 8.10 to 31.95 mg GAE g-1. ABTS and DPPH values for MB0 were 32.26 µmol TEAC g-1 and 138.8 µmol TEAC g-1, respectively. They increased to 80.79 and 225.61 µmol TEAC g-1 at MB15 samples. The rutin content of the muffin prepared with 15% mulberry (5.62 mg 100 g1) had five times higher than those of the MB0 muffin (0.94 mg 100 g1). The catechin and quercetin content of gluten-free muffins was very high compared to MB0 samples. Sensory analysis results revealed that mulberry can be successfully incorporated into gluten-free muffin formulations up to 15% ratio without any negative effects on all tested sensory properties.
Is Israel Still A State that “Dwells Alone” in Its Foreign Relations?
Authors: AĞDEMİR A.murat
Published: August 2022

The Jewish people have experienced a history of persecution, restrictions, expulsions, and pogroms. All these accumulated to shape the worldview of the Jews and caused them to see the world as two parts, the Jewish and non-Jewish. The Jews believed that they are a people “who dwells alone”, they should be dependent only on other Jews, and they should be self-reliant. This frame of mind has inevitably affected the policy makers’ decisions while conducting Israel’s foreign relations. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to examine the worldview of the Jewish people and the policymakers to understand how this belief has shaped the foreign policy of Israel and to scrutinize whether the thought of "no friends" is still a valid argument for Israel.
Malaysian socio-demographic characteristics, mean haemoglobin levels and BMI distribution of the monthly transfused group (MTG) and non-monthly transfused group (NMTG) thalassemia patients
Authors: Ibraheem Shahad Mohammed , Sathar Jameela , Seman Zainina , Khalid Bahariah
Published: August 2022

Background: Thalassemia is a genetic blood disorder characterized by insufficient haemoglobin level due to mutation in the globin chains causing anaemia with iron overload and the most common genetic haemoglobinopathy in Malaysia. They are grouped as transfusion dependent and non-dependent according to their transfusion requirement. The frequency of thalassemia transfusions can be discriminated further into monthly to non-monthly transfusion group. Objective: To analyze the socio-demographic characteristic, haemoglobin levels and BMI distribution after classifying the thalassemia patients according to monthly transfused group (MTG), non-monthly transfused group (NMTG) and comparing to a healthy individual control group. Methods and Materials: This was a prospective cross-sectional study gathering data on socio-demographic characteristic, haemoglobin levels and BMI distribution of patients with MTG and NMTG thalassemia patients from a thalassemia clinic in Ampang Hospital and comparing them to healthy individuals in Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia. The study embarked between August to October 2020. Results: Our study clearly shows in adult thalassemia MTG are predominantly in Malay ethnicity and younger in comparison to NMTG. The mean Hb levels of MTG is lower compared to NMTG regardless of the genotype and phenotype characteristics.