bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern approaches to visual rehabilitation of patients with neuromotor disorde
Authors: Pisarevskaya O. V. , Bachaldina L. N. , Gasparyan M. A.
Published: March 2022

Background. Approximately 50 % of children with cerebral palsy have vision problems, manifested in strabismus, impaired eye mobility, refractive errors, nystagmus development and partial atrophy of the optic nerve.

The aim: to present a clinical case of combined correction of myopia and divergent strabismus in a patient with cerebral palsy (CP).

Materials and methods. A clinical case of combined correction of myopia and divergent strabismus in a patient with cerebral palsy is presented. General anesthesia was used to perform a two-stage treatment under one anesthesia: the first stage – laser myopia correction by femtosecond extraction of the lenticule through a small access (SMILE) to both eyes, the second stage was the strabismus correction by performing tenoscleroplasty of the external rectus muscle and resection of the internal rectus muscle of both eyes. The sequence of stages is due to the relative traumatism of strabismus surgery, in some cases, accompanied by a reaction from the bulbar conjunctiva and the cornea in the form of edema, which, during subsequent femtosecond vision correction, can affect the refractive result and worsen visual acuity in the postoperative period.

Results. The performed treatment let significantly increase uncorrected visual acuity, achieve a correct and stable eye position, which became the basis for changing the vision nature from monocular to binocular.

Conclusion. Thus, modern laser and surgical technologies in combination with an adequate anesthesia allow rehabilitating patients as much as possible in a short time, even with severe forms of cerebral palsy, and significantly improving the quality of life.
Etiopathogenesis of non-exudative age-related macular degeneration (literature review)
Authors: Bikbov M. M. , Khalimov T. A.
Published: March 2022

The article presents an overview of modern publications on epidemiology, risk factors, and the main links of the etiology and pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The nonexudative or “dry” form of age-related macular degeneration is a multifactorial progressive pathological process caused by hereditary predisposition, general and local disorders of lipid metabolism, negative changes in  the blood supply to the eye, age-related destruction of the Bruch’s membrane and retinal pigment epithelium, the appearance of signs of local and systemic inflammation, the development of oxidative stress with the impact of toxic lipoperoxidation products on the structures of the posterior segment of the eye. Recent studies have discovered new ways of retinal pigment epithelial cell death in response to oxidative stress in AMD, in particular necroptosis, which, in addition to classical apoptosis, is considered the main mechanism of this process. It is noted that the development of AMD may be associated with an age-related decrease in the level of estrogen in women. The analysis of the data on the etiopathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration presented in the modern literature indicates the need for further research and generalization of local and general pathological processes developing in the dynamics of retinal visual function disorders by specialists of various scientific disciplines.
Individual and personal qualities of bailiffs with various types of professional deformation
Authors: Korneeva Ya. A. , Korneeva A. V. , Tunkina M. A. , Yurieva A. S.
Published: March 2022

Background. Insufficient knowledge of the professional deformation of bailiffs with the accumulated research material that reveals the essence of this phenomenon, as well as the need to take into account the specifics of the activity and individual and personal characteristics of this category of employees, determine the relevance of this study.

The aim: to identify and describe the individual and personal qualities of bailiffs with various professional deformation types.

Material and methods. In this work, the following research methods were used: the author’s questionnaire for assessing seven types of professional personal deformation; psychological testing of individual and personal qualities using methods regulated by departmental documents; statistical methods (descriptive statistics, two-stage cluster and correlation analyzes). The study involved 277 employees of the Federal Bailiff Service of the Arkhangelsk region.

Results. Bailiffs showed such professional deformations as overcontrol, authoritarianism and conservatism. The interrelation of all professional deformation types severity with the individual and personal qualities of the bailiffs, which are among the professionally important qualities, has been established. At the same time, the insufficient expression of these qualities contributes to the professional deformation development. The only exceptions are the level of active communication and normativity, which, with excessive development, also contribute to the appearance of personality deformations and contribute to a decrease in the effectiveness of activities. Most types of character accentuations and their various combinations contribute to the professional deformation development of bailiffs, i. e., are her personality markers. Moderate severity of the dysthymic type of character accentuation reduces the likelihood of developing occupational deformity.

Conclusion. Within the framework of the practical use of the results of this study, it is necessary, when conducting professional selection of personnel and periodic assessment of personnel, to pay attention to the level of expression of professionally important qualities that have a relationship with key types of professional deformation. This will allow timely implementation of measures to prevent the development of professional deformations of employees.
World experience in identifying metacognitive competencies of a teacher in the course of professional development and work with gifted children
Authors: Smirnova P. V. , Peskov V. P.
Published: March 2022

Today, there are significant requirements for the professional competencies of a teacher, among which a special place is occupied by competencies that determine the effectiveness of work with different categories of students. The article presents the results of a theoretical comparison of conceptual approaches to the identification and development of professional competencies of future teachers. The metacognitive competencies underlying self-learning are analyzed. The role of special work within the framework of individual educational courses, trainings and practices in higher education, aimed at developing metacognitive strategies and competencies of future teachers, is substantiated. The article proposes a support structure for the components of metacognitive competence (metacognitive knowledge, declarative knowledge, metacognitive strategies). After analyzing the concept map and comparing various models of identification and development of metacognitive competence, the authors single out research, managerial and communicative competences in its structure.

An analysis of domestic research highlights the role of managing competencies for  working with a gifted child and shows that a future teacher must constantly develop regulatory and personal qualities in himself and in a gifted student. When working with a gifted student, a teacher needs metacognitive competence, which is formed in the process of asking questions to oneself, in attempts to try other strategies for solving pedagogical situations. The teacher is required not only to be able to teach, but also to constantly learn himself in order to be able to solve non-trivial situations together with students.

It is shown how the relationship between a teacher and students affects psychological health, well-being, psychological burnout, the quality of professional activity, the ability to work with a gifted person. The conclusion is made about how approaches to the professional training of specialists in the educational sphere should change in order to provide the opportunity to work with the category of gifted children.
Clinical observations of minimal gastrostomy through minilaparotomy in palliative patients
Authors: Gavshchuk M. V. , Lisovskii O. V. , Gostimskii A. V. , Naydenov А. А. , Zavyalova A. N. , Karpatsky I. V. , Kuznetsova Yu. V. , Lisitsa I. A. , Prudnikova M. D.
Published: March 2022

Gastrostomy is used to feed palliative patients with dysphagia. Currently, the preference is given to percutaneous puncture methods of gastrostomy, which do not require general anesthesia. Percutaneous puncture techniques are possible only if the patency of the upper parts of the digestive tract still exists for the «pull method» and can require additional X-ray irradiation in case of the «push method». These operations require expensive disposable kits, which affects the prevalence and availability of the technique. Therefore, the use of an alternative minimally invasive gastrostomy through minilaparotomy is justified. Minimal-invasive pressure gastrostomy is known for a long time, and in combination with small access, it can be successfully used to provide nutrition for palliative patients with dysphagia. Most patients with dysphagia have a thin anterior abdominal wall, which allows using minimal access. It is important to choose the right place of the incision so that access is in the area of the formation of the fistula. To obtain additional diagnostic information one can use a radiography of the abdominal cavity, which shows the gas bubble of the stomach, and other high-tech methods: ultrasound, spiral computed tomography, etc. At the same time such patients do not require general anesthesia, it is possible to perform the operation under a local anesthesia. The article provides a detailed description of the technique of minimal invasive laparotomy gastrostomy and two clinical observations of palliative patients who underwent this operation.
Local cryotherapy on the pancreas with pancreatic necrosis: Results of the experimental study
Authors: Maskin S. S. , Aleksandrov V. V. , Petrenko S. A. , Igolkina L. A.
Published: March 2022

Background. Acute pancreatitis retains its leading position in the structure of urgent abdominal pathology, maintaining a high postoperative mortality, despite the emergence of new methods of surgical treatment.

The aim of the study: to evaluate pathomorphological changes in the pancreas, surrounding organs and tissues, clinical manifestations in dynamics after local cryotherapy on the pancreas in animals with experimental pancreatic necrosis for subsequent use of the method in clinical practice.

Material and methods. An experimental study was performed on Wistar rats, in the main group, pancreatic necrosis was simulated with subsequent cryotherapy, in the control group, pancreatic necrosis was simulated and simple pancreatic mobilization was performed, in the third group, cryotherapy was performed on an unchanged gland. With the help of modern statistical methods, the effectiveness and safety of cryotherapy techniques were evaluated.

Results. The optimal duration of cryoapplication is an interval of 3–4  seconds at a temperature of –195.75 °C, it is not accompanied by the formation of a cryonecrosis zone, promotes the regeneration of acinuses, does not damage the accumulation of endocrine cells, interrupting the course of pancreonecrosis, does not lead to a fatal outcome, a pronounced adhesive process, other serious intraabdominal complications.

Conclusion. Cryotherapy on the pancreas in experimental pancreatic necrosis in  the  optimal temperature-time regime is accompanied by significantly lower mortality, is a safe technique and can be tested in clinical practice for the treatment of patients with this pathology.
Experimental hyperthermia: expression of proteins involved in the regulation of ovarian corpus luteum apoptosis in the acute and recovery periods
Authors: Michurina S. V. , Kolesnikov S. I. , Ishchenko I. Yu. , Arkhipov S. A.
Published: March 2022

Background.Heat shock effects can initiate apoptosis of oocytes and corpus luteum cells in mammalian ovaries. During folliculogenesis, follicular apoptosis is regulated by Bcl-2 and BAX proteins which are key effectors of granular cell death. Mechanisms of disruption of the ovarian corpus luteum development under heat stress remain largely unclear.

Aim of the research: to identify the expression features of anti-apoptotic Bad and proapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins in the rat ovarian luteocytes in the acute (by day 3) and recovery (by days 7 and 14) periods after a single exposure of experimental hyperthermia (EH) (rectal temperature 43.5 °C).

Materials and methods. The expression of Bad and Bcl-2 was determined immunohistochemically using an indirect two-stage streptavidin-biotin method.

Results. On day 3 after EH, the expression areas of both Bad and Bcl-2 increased 2-fold, but the ratio of Bcl-2/Bad areas did not change, indicating that the intensity of apoptosis along the mitochondrial pathway in luteocytes in the acute period was  maintained within physiological values. On day  7, the Bad and Bcl-2 expression areas remained at the level of day 3, but the Bcl-2/Bad index decreased, indicating the activation of the apoptosis internal pathway in the ovarian corpus luteum cells. By day 14, the protein expression areas decreased (Bad – by 1.7 times, Bcl-2 – by 3.2 times) compared to the acute period, and the Bcl-2/Bad index decreased by 2 times compared to the control and the acute period group.

Conclusion. The observed predominance of proapoptotic Bad protein over antiapoptotic Bcl-2 in luteocytes on day 14 after EH indicates the anti-apoptotic protection violation, which leads to the apoptosis mitochondrial pathway activation of  the latter. A decrease in Bcl-2 expression can be regarded as a manifestation of the defective luteocytes removal mechanism and the body’s desire to normalize the ovarian-uterine cycle disrupted by high temperature exposure.
Influence of substrate wood species on the formation of antiviral properties of Inonotus rheades Pers. P. Karst. (1882) mycelium extracts regarding tick-borne encephalitis virus
Authors: Khasnatinov M. A. , Gornostai T. G. , Solovarov I. S. , Polyakova M. S. , Danchinova G. A. , Borovskii G. B.
Published: March 2022

Background. The tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is one of the most dangerous and epidemiologically significant vector-borne pathogens. There is a need for effective antiviral agents for the treatment and prevention of this infection. Previously we found that the mycelium of Inonotus rheades grown on birch wood contains water-soluble substances with strong virulicidal properties against TBEV. It is necessary to check whether the mycelium of I. rheades can synthesize virulicidal substances from wood of other species.

The aim: to study the antiviral properties of extracts of I. rheades mycelium grown on coniferous wood, both in the presence and in the absence of blue light during cultivation.

Materials and methods. The mycelium of I.  rheades was grown on birch, pine, and fir wood. The direct virulicidal effect of the extract was evaluated by the decrease in the titer of the infectious virus incubated in the presence of the extract. The ability of the extract to inhibit the reproduction of the virus in infected cells was studied by  the  calculation of 50  % effective concentration (EC50). The toxicity of extracts for cells was evaluated based on the calculation of 50 % cytotoxic concentration.

Results. Mycelium extracts grown on conifers under blue light do not cause a statistically significant decrease in the concentration of infectious TBEV (p = 0.2563). However, the BP10 extract (pine, blue light) inhibits TBEV reproduction in infected cells (EC50 = 0.28 ± 0.06 mg/mL). Toxicity for SPEV cell culture is low. In the extracts of conifers grown in the dark, no antiviral effect was found at all.

Conclusions. The component composition and mechanism of the antiviral action of I. rheades extracts are determined by the species of the wood substrate. The most promising sources of new drugs in relation to TBEV appear to be extracts of I. rheades mycelium grown on birch and pine.
Studying of the anti-ischemic action of Rhaponticum uniflorum and Serratula centauroides dry extracts on a model of bilateral occlusion of the carotid arteries
Authors: Markova K. V. , Toropova A. A. , Razuvaeva Ya. G. , Olennikov D. N.
Published: March 2022

The aim of the study to evaluate the anti-ischemic effect of Serratula centauroides and Rhaponticum uniflorum dry extracts for bilateral carotid artery occlusion.

Materials and methods. The studies were carried out on 77 Wistar rats. Rh. uniflorum and S. centauroides dry extracts at doses 50, 100, 200 mg/kg were administered intragastrically for 14 days prior to bilateral occlusion of the carotid arteries. To assess the anti-ischemic effect of the investigated agents, the total mortality, the dynamics of survival, the survival time, the animals’ neurological status were determined using a modified McGraw scale and the brain hydration degree.

Results. S. centauroides at a dose 200 mg/kg reduced the percentage of animals’ death by 2.8 times (p ≤ 0.05) compared with the control. Life expectancy in animals treated with S. centauroides at doses 100 and 200 mg/kg and Rh. uniflorum at dose 100  mg/kg increased by 46, 52 and 64  %, respectively, compared to the control. The neurological deficit lowest severity was observed in animals treated with S. centauroides at dose 200 mg/kg. The most pronounced statistically significant decrease in the brain hydration level was observed in animals treated with Rh.  uniflorum at doses 100 and 200 mg/kg and S. centauroides at dose 100 mg/kg.

Conclusion. S. centauroides and Rh. uniflorum dry extracts have an anti-ischemic effect in cerebral ischemia.
The role of hypoxia in the pathogenesis of congenital hyperplasia of blood vessels in the head and neck in children (literature review)
Authors: Bychkova I. Yu. , Abduvosidov Kh. A. , Abduvosidov V. V.
Published: March 2022

To date, scientists have found that stress plays an important role in the formation of congenital malformations. It can be caused by the influence of negative environmental factors on the pregnant woman or by her own diseases. One of the consequences of stress is hypoxia. It can be acute and chronic, and can have a negative impact both during pregnancy and during childbirth. They also distinguish local and general hypoxia. The consequences of the negative impact of oxygen deficiency on the embryo and fetus can manifest itself both in utero and after birth, leading to  various kinds of congenital malformations, diseases, and sometimes fetal death, or increase the risk of sudden infant death syndrome. Hyperplasia of blood vessels, the so-called children’s hemangiomas, develops both in utero, especially with chronic fetal hypoxia, and during childbirth. It develops due to insufficient blood supply and oxygen deficiency in various parts of the body, most often in the head and neck. In an embryo under conditions of hypoxia, tachycardia develops – with an increase in heart rate and, if it is ineffective, local vasodilation occurs. Only then, under the condition of continuing hypoxia, does an increase in the number of blood vessels develop. This often leads to the formation of hyperplasia of the blood vessels, the so-called children’s hemangiomas.

This pathology is quite common, especially among fair-skinned children, which makes its study, in particular the factors that cause this pathology, relevant today.
Clinical and instrumental characteristics of various forms of vitelliform dystrophies occurring in adult patient
Authors: Matcko N. V. , Gatsu M. V.
Published: March 2022

Background. Vitelliform dystrophies, first detected in adulthood, may create complications in diagnosis, especially with partial or almost complete destruction of vitelliform material, disguising as various types of macular pathology, such as central serous chorioretinopathy, age-related macular degeneration.

The aim: to study the clinical and instrumental characteristics of the most common forms of vitelliform dystrophies occurring in adulthood.

Materials and methods. Sixty eyes of adult patients with vitelliform dystrophies were included in the study. All patients underwent ophthalmologic examination including family history, best corrected visual acuity, biomicroscopy, and multimodal imaging including fundus photo, SD-OCT, OCT-A, BAF, FA, ICGA. After examination, the patients were divided according to various types of vitelliform dystrophies. The instrumental and diagnostic characteristics of the identified forms of vitelliform dystrophies were studied, taking into account the stage of the process, based on the analysis of clinical data, as well as the results of the most accessible non-invasive research methods, such as SD-OCT, OCT-A, BAF.

Results. The average age of patients was 52.40 ± 20.62 years, there were 13 (43.3 %) women and 17 (56.7 %) men. In 96.67 % of cases, the disease was bilateral. Genetically determined forms of vitelliform dystrophies were more common in sporadic forms. In the studied cohort, 43.3  % were patients with Best vitelliform macular dystrophy, 13.3 % – with autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy, 43.3 % – with pattern dystrophies. In all patients, according to structural OCT data, neuroepithelium detachment, residual vitelliform material in the form of massive deposits, deposits in the form of “stalactites”, “fringes” were determined. In all cases of vitelliform dystrophies, atrophic changes were detected, which intensified with an increase in the duration of the disease. Hyperautofluorescence of the residual vitelliform material in the form of “beads” was often accompanied in the later stages of the disease.

Conclusion. Cases of vitelliform dystrophies identified in adults with partially resorbed vitelliform material require a thorough analysis of structural optical coherence tomography and fundus autofluorescence.
Trajectory tracking performance of modal space decoupled controller for six Degree of Freedom parallel mechanism (6 DOF pm)
Authors: P.O. Ogbobe  , CN Okoyer
Published: March 2022

The paper presented the trajectory performance of the Modal Space Decoupled Controller (MSDC) and the conventional joint space controller. Phase retarding and amplitude fading were chosen to evaluate how well the modal space decoupling controller can follow a trajectory. The responses of sinusoidal inputs along six directions surge, sway, heave, roll, pitch, and yaw were given. The result indicates that the modal space decoupling controller has better tracking performance when compared to conventional PID controller. For the conventional joint space controller (CJS), the phase retarding for the linear and angular motions motion attains maximum value at 40.90º and 23.98º respectively. The maximum phase retarding is at 22.84º in linear motions and 0.975º in angular motions for the modal space decoupling controller. The amplitude of the conventional controller fades at 0.54dB in linear motions and 0.47dB in angular motions, while for the modal space decoupling controller, the amplitude fades at 0.1696dB in linear motions and 0.082dB in angular motions. Subjecting the two controllers to the tracking of a desired circular combined motion of surge and sway, the predefined circular trajectory was well tracked much more by the proposed MSDC than the CJS.
Reproductive indices and haematological response of male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to Carburetor cleaner
Authors: Obemeata Emmanuel Oriakpono  , Rejoice Emekalam
Published: March 2022

Albino rats were exposed to carburetor cleaners with varying routes of exposure using five treatments viz control group1, & groups 2, 3, 4 & 5 representing (inhalatory, feed incorporated, oral and dermal routes) respectively. Haematological parameters as; PCV, HB, RBC, McV, McH, and McHc were evaluated, while the semen analysis such as; Motility quantitative (M1), Debris quantitative (D1), sperm count (C), morphology primordial (Mp), and morphology structure (Ms) were determined. The results revealed the following mean value of PCV for groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 as 47.5, 40.0, 35.0, 20.5, and 23.25 respectively with significant differences (P<0.05) across the group, for HB 15.38, 14.25, 12.10, 8.30 and 8.78 for group 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively with significant difference (P<0.05) across the group. RBC and McV had a mean value of 5.27 and 9.08, 4.15and 9.59, 3.57 and 10.01, 2.33 and 8.77, 1.85 and 14.66 for groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 respectively with significant differences (P<0.05) across the group. While McH and McHc had a mean value of 2.94 and 0.32, 3.42 and 0.36, 3.45 and 0.35, 3.59 and 0.41, 5.51 and 0.39 for groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 respectively with significant difference (P<0.05) across the group. For semen analysis, M1 was 66.25, 52.5, 43.75, 31.25 and 23.75 for group 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively, Debris D1 was 6.25, 7.5, 8.75, 28.75 and 7.5 for group 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively, C and Mp were 53.25 and 6.25, 47.5 and 6.25, 42.0 and 17.75, 36.25 and 27.50, 37.25 and 30.0 for group 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively also. Finally, Ms was 1.0, 1.0, 1.25, 1.50 and 1.75 for group 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively. The results generally indicate that carburetor cleaner exerts a negative effect on the body irrespective of the route of exposure and extreme care should be taken when handling and utilization.
Takhrij Hadits tentang Perempuan yang Salat di Masjid: Sebuah Wacana Hadits dalam Perspektif Gender
Authors: Syukri Ahmad
Published: March 2022

This article tries to analyse a prophetic tradition concerning woman who perform their praying in the mosque. This study is done by implementing takhrij al hadits method. The result tenas to show that although women strongly suggested to pray at home, their praying in the mosque is quite acceptable.
KEINOVATIFAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF KARIR YANG BERPRESTASI
Authors: Mukhtar Mukhtar
Published: March 2022

Woman, in their career, are potential. They should do some innovations. Innovations are somewhat like ideas, some things understandable as novel things. The biggest challenges faced by the career-woman are stemming from themselves, namely the intrinsic challenges. As long as they are able to keep this intrinsic challenges with them, they will not be defeated by outside challenges. Consequently, the peak of achievement they achieve is not but the result of their intended innovations.
BIAS GENDER DALAM BERITA KRIMINALITAS PERKOSAAN: Analisis Tayangan Kriminalitas di Televisi
Authors: Rasito Rasito
Published: March 2022

This writing is designed to analyze the impact of criminal-news of raping on television and it is analyzed based on gender perspectives. It is found that the given news events are bias as they feature women as weak, docile, taciturn, hopeless, powerless and careless and, in contrary, the men are featured as strong, powerful, smart, tricky, and full of sense. The truth-claim of conducting the rapes by the men are: uncontrolled emotion and of many external problems faced by the men. This crime-news should be formed appropriately to avoid gender bias and to avoid bad images on women as the victims of crimes. It is worsened by the fact, nowadays, that television is much more function as entertainment rather than as information-media.
TANGGUNGJAWAB ORANG TUA TERHADAP HAK HADHANAH DAN NAFKAH ANAK PASCA PERCERAIAN: Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Putusan Pengadilan Agama
Authors: Ramlah Ramlah
Published: March 2022

The study aims to describe islamic law's review of parents' obligations to provide custody and livelihood of children post-divorce. This research uses literature study methods. The results showed that if there is a child divorce that has not been mumayyiz then custody of the child is handed over to the female side, and if it is mumayyiz then the custody of the child can follow the female side or follow the male side. While the child's livelihood remains the responsibility of the male side. All divorce rulings in the Jambi Religious Court, deciding the child's livelihood is charged to the male side. There is a similarity of concepts between the concept of Fiqh and the basis of the judge's consideration in deciding the case of the child's income and the right of the child, because the judge in deciding the case refers to the book of Fiqh and the law of family law.
PANDANGAN ISLAM TERHADAP SOSOK WANITA
Authors: Nur Syamsiah
Published: March 2022

Women are very noble creatures created by Allah SWT. Islam elevates a woman's status so that she becomes one of the important aspects in worshiping Allah SWT. Basically, women have special rights in which they should be honored. Islam views women as a gift from Allah SWT. With him, men will get inner and outer peace, and are able to provide very useful positive energy, such as a sense of love, affection, and life motivation. In Islam, women and men are the same. Both creatures of Allah SWT, both worship Allah SWT, and their reward is according to their tests and deeds.
Rancang Bangun Quadcopter Drone Untuk Deteksi Api Menggunakan YOLOv4
Authors: Prasanta Made Radikia , Pranata Muhammad Yoga , Firnanda Muhammad Aditya , Sendari Siti
Published: March 2022

Kebakaran hutan dan lahan berdampak pada rusaknya ekosistem Menurut data dari Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK), luas hutan Indonesia per tahun 2013 mencapai 128,5 juta hektar. Ironisnya, hutan di Indonesia setiap tahunnya terus menyusut diakibatkan oleh kebakaran hutan. Hal ini dapat dicegah dengan memanfaatkan UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) untuk melakukan pengamatan secara langsung melalui kamera. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengembangkan prototype quadcopter drone yang dilengkapi dengan sistem deteksi api berbasis YOLOv4. Algoritma YOLOv4 adalah algoritma deep learning yang menerapkan jaringan syaraf konvolusional (CNN). YOLOv4 yang diskalakan adalah jaringan neural yang memiliki akurasi tertinggi dan memiliki kecepatan terhadap akurasi diseluruh rentang akurasi dan kecepatan. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan diawali dengan perancangan hardware quadcopter drone, perancangan sistem pengiriman data citra video, kemudian percancangan sistem deteksi api, dilakukan pengumpulan data citra api, pra processing data, rancangan konfigurasi arsitekutur YOLO, training data dan pengujian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan quadcopter drone yang terintegrasi dengan groundstation menggunakan algoritma YOLOv4 berhasil mendeteksi api dengan menghasilkan rata-rata akurasi sebesar 0.92. Akurasi terbaik didapat pada pengujian ke 3 dengan skor precision sebesar 0.96, skor recall sebesar 0.98 dan skor accuracy sebesar 0.96.
Efficiency In Fault Detection Ball Bearing Melalui Arus Stator Berbasis Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)
Authors: Adikasih Dexa Putra
Published: March 2022

Motor induksi adalah motor arus bolak-balik yang umumnya dimanfaatkan dunia industri. Motor induksi di industri digunakan sebagai penggerak produksi. Efisiensi motor industri dipengaruhi oleh performan bagian motor, antara lain kondisi bearing khususnya ball bearing. Kerusakan pada ball bearing akan menurunkan efisiensi motor induksi. Gangguan terbesar motor induksi adalah kerusakan pada bearing sehingga perlu dilakukan deteksi kerusakan. Penelitian ini berfokus pada deteksi kerusakan pada ball bearing dengan analisa effisiensi in fault detection sehingga diketahui seberapa energy yang hilang pada deteksi kerusakan. Untuk memvalidasi dari pengujian dilakukaan dengan beberapa kasus yaitu variasi kerusakan dan pembebanan motor. Pengujian dilakukan dengan tiga variasi kerusakan yaitu ball bearing hilang 1, ball bearing hilang 2, dan ball bearing tergores. Pengolahan sinyal arus stator untuk deteksi kerusakan menggunakan metode Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa presentase keberhasilan deteksi kerusakan berkisar 0,32 - 1,59. Efficiency in fault detection didapat bahwa jika ball bearing mengalami kerusakan akan bernilai kecil dimana pada penelitian ini bernilai kurang dari 1.00 dan jika tidak terdeteksi kerusakan nilai effisiensi akan besar.
Perancangan Sistem Monitoring Konsumsi Daya Listrik Berbasis Android
Authors: Kurniawan Edi , Pangaudi Dwi Songgo , Widjatmoko Eko Nugroho
Published: March 2022

Tagihan penggunaan listrik kepada sebagian pelanggan listrik pasca bayar tidak sesuai dengan daya listrik yang digunakan. Salah satu penyebab hal tersebut adalah tidak ada penghuni rumah ketika dilakukan pencatatan meteran oleh petugas sehingga petugas mencatat penggunaan daya listrik berdasarkan rata – rata penggunaan sebelumnya. Dengan permasalahan tersebut maka dibuat suatu sistem yang dapat memonitor penggunaan daya listrik pelanggan listrik dari jarak jauh. Monitoring jarak jauh dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan perkembangan teknologi mengenai Internet of Think (IoT) sehingga penggunaan daya listrik dapat dilihat kapanpun dan dimanapun melalui jaringan internet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sistem dapat mengirimkan data ke aplikasi Blynk melalui jaringan internet. Rata – rata error yang dihasilkan untuk pembacaan tegangan 0,043 % sedangkan rata – rata error pembacaan arus listrik adalah 6,25% dan rata – rata error daya listrik 6,71%.  Error pembacaan arus listrik disebabkan karena tingkat ketelitian alat ukur yang digunakan sebagai pembanding hanya 1 angka dibelakang koma sedangkan error daya listrik karena error arus listrik. Berdasarkan data tersebut maka sistem ini sangat cocok untuk digunakan sebagai monitoring konsumsi daya listrik karena error yang dihasilkan cukup kecil, dan dapat dilakukan monitoring dari manapun dan kapanpun.
Studi Pembagian Beban Dan Rekonfigurasi Switching Keypoint Pada Jaringan TM 20 KV PWI – 7 GI Purwodadi Berbasis ETAP 12.6.0
Authors: Juniyanto Alfin
Published: March 2022

Abstrak - Penyulang PWI 7 merupakan salah satu dari penyulang Jaringan Tegangan Menengah ( JTM ) 20 kV milik PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Demak pada Gardu Induk (GI) Purwodadi dengan wilayah mensuplai listrik tiga wilayah yang cukup jauh di Kabupaten Grobogan,  Jawa Tengah, yaitu kecamatan Pulokulon, Kradenan, Gabus. Dimana penyulang ini memiliki kepadatan beban sebesar 400,33 A ( beban menjelang malam )  dengan pembatas OCR ( Over Current Relay )  dari PMT PWI 7 sebesar 450 A. Dari sisa 12 % dari beban penuh, penyulang PWI 7 hanya menampung sedikit jika membantu manuver penyulang disekitarnya serta jarak saluran yang jauh yaitu 62,94 kms, sehingga nilai tegangan ujung sangat rendah.Pada studi penelitian ini, menjabarkan perencanaan pembagian beban sepanjang ± 50% struktur jaringan penyulang lama PWI 7 dengan penambahan penyulang baru KRN 1. Pola pembagian struktur jaringan tersebut juga merubah pola switching keypoint sehingga perlu merekonfigurasi koordinasi proteksi pengaturan OCR ( Over Current Relay ) dan GFR ( Grount Fault Relay )  antara penyulang PWI 7 dengan penyulang baru KRN 1. Dengan didukung aplikasi simulasi ETAP 12.6.0 sebagai implementasi analisa dan penentuan pembagian beban dan rekonfigurasi switching keypoint dapat diterapkan di lapangan yang sesuai dengan Kajian Kelayakan Operasi ( KKO )
Penerapan Wahana Terbang Tanpa Awak untuk Memprediksi Waktu Panen pada Lahan Pertanian Berbasis Pengolahan Citra Digital
Authors: Pratama Rizqi Agung
Published: March 2022

Pemanfaatan wahana terbang tanpa awak atau drone hingga saat ini telah banyak digunakan pada bidang pertanian antara lain untuk penyemprotan pestisida, pemetaan lahan, hingga memprediksi waktu panen. Penelitian ini menghadirkan hasil prediksi waktu panen untuk pertanian padi. Selama ini petani mengetahui padi yang siap panen hanya melalui fisik tanaman padi seperti tanaman padi mulai menguning, tangkai padi menunduk dan butir padi terasa keras apabila ditekan. Jadi harus diusahakan rekayasa yang dapat membantu memberikan data berupa estimasi waktu panen. Tahapan penelitian ini dimulai dari pengambilan citra pada lahan pertanian menggunakan drone. Drone juga dilengkapi dengan GPS yang nantinya akan digunakan untuk memperkirakan ukuran lahan pertanian. Kemudian citra tersebut akan dikirimkan menuju laptop. Pada laptop akan dilakukan proses ekstraksi fitur yaitu fitur warna, fitur bentuk dan fitur tekstur. Kemudian nilai-nilai ekstraksi fitur tersebut akan dijadikan data latih dan data uji. Dalam proses klasifikasi penelitian ini menggunakan algoritma SVM(support vector machine), K-Nearest Neighbor dan Multi Layer Perceptron. Hasil yang didapatkan algoritma Multi Layer Perceptron memiliki performa paling baik dengan rerata tingkat akurasi sebesar 84%, rerata precission sebesar 0,85, rerata recall sebesar 0,83 dan rerata F1 score sebesar 0,84. Setelah itu hasil klasifikasi akan di simpan pada Google Spreadsheet sebagai database untuk Bot Telegram.
Palvelujärjestelmään liittyvät rakenteelliset haasteet ja työntekijöiden toimintamahdollisuudet julkisen sektorin lastensuojelutyössä
Authors: Mänttäri-van der Kuip Maija
Published: March 2022

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan lastensuojelun ammattilaisten työtä ja työoloja toimintamahdollisuuksien viitekehyksestä. Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin, millaiset palvelujärjestelmään liittyvät rakenteelliset tekijät hankaloittavat työntekijöiden toimintamahdollisuuksien toteutumista julkisen sektorin lastensuojelutyössä ja miten nämä haasteet realisoituivat heidän työssään. Toimintamahdollisuuksilla tarkoitetaan mahdollisuuksia työskennellä tavalla, jota työntekijät pitävät lastensuojelutyössä tavoiteltavana. Tutkimusaineisto muodostui kolmesta ryhmähaastattelusta, jotka tehtiin kolmessa eri työyhteisössä toteutettavan osallistavan toimintatutkimuksen alkuvaiheessa. Aineisto analysoitiin teoriaohjaavan sisällönanalyysin keinoin. Palvelujärjestelmään liittyvät haasteet jäsentyivät kolmen toisiinsa kietoutuvan pääluokan, palvelujärjestelmän monimutkaisuuden, pirstaleisuuden sekä sen resurssiniukkuuden kautta. Haasteiden realisoitumismuotoja yhdisti, että ne vaikeuttivat inhimillisen, kokonaisvaltaisen ja suunnitelmallisen lastensuojelutyön tekemistä yhteistyössä muiden ammattilaisten kanssa.
Muutosagentit näköalapaikalla sosiaali- ja terveyspalvelujen uudistuksessa
Authors: Hoppania Hanna-Kaisa
Published: March 2022

Vanhuspalveluita on pitkään määrittänyt tavoite purkaa ja vähentää raskasta laitoshoitoa ja siirtää palvelujen painopiste kotihoitoon ja ennaltaehkäisyyn. Tätä muutosta edisti myös Sipilän hallituksen I&O-kärkihanke (2016-2018), jossa myös pyrittiin kehittämään yhdenvertaisempia palveluita ja hillitsemään kustannusten kasvua. Taustalla oli näkemys, että palvelujärjestelmä on pirstaleinen eivätkä rakenteet olleet uudistuneet kansallisten tavoitteiden mukaisesti.  Minkälaiset tekijät sitten edistävät tai jarruttavat muutoksen tekemistä?  Artikkeli pureutuu sosiaali- ja terveyspalvelujen uudistamiseen ”muutosagenttien” ainutlaatuisesta näkökulmasta. Näiden viranhaltijoiden tehtävänä oli edistää ikäihmisten hoidon ja kotihoidon rakenteellista muutosta maakunnissa vuosina 2016-2018. Artikkeli kuvaa hanketta, jossa agentit työskentelivät ja analysoi tekijöitä, jotka agenttien mukaan vaikuttivat uudistuksen edistämiseen. Aineiston muodostavat 18 asiantuntijahaastattelua. Analyysissa hyödynnetään Nancy Fraserin markkinaistumisen, sosiaaliturvan ja emansipaation teoreettista kehystä. Esiin nousee vanhuspalvelujen kentän haasteita ja kunnallispolitiikan usein näkymättömäksi jääviä asioita, jotka vaikuttavat kansallisten vanhustenhoitoon liittyvien politiikkatavoitteiden saavuttamiseen. Erityisesti korostuu neljä tekijää: ICT-järjestelmien kehittäminen, kulttuurisen ja asennemuutoksen vaatima aika, valta- ja resurssikamppailut sekä kansallisen tason ohjauksen sitovuus.
Yksin maahan tulleiden lasten ja nuorten koti-ikävä ammattilaisten kuvaamana
Authors: De Arruda Camara Anna-Maija , Heino Eveliina Maria , Juvonen Tarja
Published: March 2022

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan sitä, millaisena ammattilaiset kuvaavat yksin maahan tulleiden lasten ja nuorten koti-ikävää. Ammattilaisilla tarkoitetaan tässä yhteydessä sosiaalityöntekijöitä, perheryhmäkotien ohjaajia sekä yksin maahan tulleiden lasten ja nuorten edustajia. Tutkimuksen aineistona on seitsemän teemamuotoista yksilöhaastattelua, jotka on toteutettu vuosina 2016 ja 2017. Aineistoa analysoidaan sisällönanalyysin keinoin. Tutkimustulostemme mukaan ammattilaiset kuvaavat yksin maahan tulleiden lasten ja nuorten koti-ikävää ilmiönä, joka näyttäytyy tunteina, fyysisinä oireina ja käyttäytymisenä, kulttuurisena kaipauksena sekä vaikenemisena. Ammattilaiset määrittelevät koti-ikävän ilmiöksi, jota suurin osa yksin tulleista lapsista ja nuorista kokee. Koti-ikävää ei useinkaan tuoda sanallisesti esiin, vaan se ilmenee erilaisen fyysisen ja psyykkisen oireilun kautta.
Bibliography of Language Education in Italy
2021 Update
Authors: Balboni Paolo
Published: March 2022

This bibliography, edited by the Research Center in Language Education of Ca’ Foscari University of Venice with the patronage of the Society for Didactics of Languages and Educational Linguistics (DILLE), collects the studies of educational linguistics published in 2021 in Italy or by Italian scholars around the world. The complete online version, which has been regularly updated since 1960, is available at https://www.unive.it/pag/16976 and http://www.societadille.it.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Primo Paola
Published: March 2022

Apresentação
Effects of Solvent Extracted Bioactive Compounds from the Bark, Roots and Leaves of Croton jatrophoides on Tomato Wilt Disease (Fusarium. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici)
Authors: Alexander  B.A.M Kinyoda , Joseph Mwafaida Mghalu , Paul Mwashimba Guyo , Simon Mbuvi Muti
Published: March 2022

Fusarium wilt of tomatoes, caused by Fusarium oxysporum, is a major and most prevalent soil borne disease in tomato plants both in the field and green house. The economic impact of this disease cannot be underestimated. All recommended control strategies have proved to be ineffective in controlling the pathogen. Studies have shown that Croton jatrophoides has medicinal activity against the phytopathogens. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of extracts from Croton jatrophoides to suppress Fusarium oxysporum. Specific objectives were to extract bioactive compounds from C. jatrophoides for use against F. oxysporum; to determine the minimum inhibition concentration of crude extract that could elucidate response against F. oxysporum; to test in-vitro the efficacy and levels of bioactive compounds extracted using selected solvents from bark, the leaves and the root; to determine interaction effects between the treatments and the crude extracts. The experiment involved the isolation of bioactive crude extracts from the roots, bark and leaves of Croton jatrophoides plant using three solvents, namely hexane (non-polar), ethyl acetate (moderately polar) and methanol (highly polar). The isolated crude extracts from each solvent were concentrated using rotary evaporator, then purified using micro-filters. These extracts were then used for testing their antifungal activity in Potatoes Dextrose Agar (PDA) petri-plates containing Fusarium oxysporum inoculum. The results indicated that the quantity of the solvent required for exhaustive extraction of bioactive compounds from the ground material was at 180 mL. The minimum inhibition concentration that elucidated response against F. oxysporum was found to be 50.0 mg/mL. Non-polar solvents such as hexane and ethyl acetate were found to have the highest abilities in extracting bioactive compounds from C. jatropoides materials since most of these compounds that had antifungal activity were non-polar. Hexane derived extracts had the highest significant efficacy in control of Fusarioum oxysporum, comparable to Rindomil, a positive control. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) had the least effect on Fusarioum oxysporum. In the absence of hexane, ethyl acetate was the second most suited solvent for extraction of bioactive compounds from C. jatrophoides. Methanol had the least abilities in extraction of bioactive compounds from C. jatrophoides. There were interaction effects between the parts of the plants from which bioactive compounds were derived and the type of solvents used.
In-vivo Anti-Diabetic Efficacy of Silver Nanoparticles from Marine Brown Seaweed Colpomenia sinuosa on Alloxan Stimulated Hyperglycemic Activity in Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Vishnu Kiran Manam  , Murugesan Subbaiah
Published: March 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease of the endocrine system characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, and disturbances in carbohydrate, fat and, protein metabolism. In the present study, the anti-diabetic efficacy of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from marine brown seaweed Colpomenia sinuosa has been evaluated. The anti-diabetic effect of the silver nanoparticles biosynthesized from the Colpomenia sinuosa was assessed by inducing diabetes in the experimental Wistar albino rats through Alloxan monohydrate, a chemical that ultimately results in hyperglycemia (increase in the fasting blood sugar level) at a dosage of 50 mg/kg body weight given orally for about 28 days. The outcome of treatment with silver nanoparticles (50 mg/Kg i.p.) biosynthesized from Colpomenia sinuosa, were estimated using various biochemical parameters. The fasting blood glucose levels have reduced in the affected animals to near-normal levels. The retention of the level of the enzymes involved in diabetes, hematological analysis, decrease in the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and phospholipids in the silver nanoparticles treated animals compared to the levels in normal control animals, exhibited significant anti-diabetic activity as compared to glipizide.