bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Tacit Knowledge on Tourist Loyalty
Authors: Pereira Carla , Alves Helena , Ferreira João J.
Published: September 2020

Given the prevailing competitive market conditions, establishing long-term relationships proves a source of sustainable competitive advantage. Tacit knowledge, as the only resource developed in the intellect, in the competences and the experiences built up by the human resources available, would seem appropriate to constructing competitive advantage. Within this framework, firm employees become marketing managers in terms of developing relationships given that every type of contact generates information that facilitates a relational-based philosophy. In rural tourism, with its own very specific characteristics, tacit knowledge may contribute towards fostering loyalty and may also help in determining the requisites clients are seeking. This chapter proposes a model highlighting the importance of tacit knowledge in developing loyalty in rural tourism lodgings across its cognitive, technical, and social dimensions. The results show that tacit knowledge does improve the performance of employees in engaging in affective bonds and better understanding the needs and expectations of clients.
Chatbot for the Improvement of Conversational Skills of Japanese Language Learners
Authors: Villanueva-Mendoza Ossiel , González Martha Victoria , Varela Maritza , Zamora Lucero
Published: September 2020

Conversation practice is essential for second-language acquisition and necessary for learners to reach an acceptable communicative level. In an ideal scenario, students should regularly hold conversations with native speakers of the target language, but this is often not possible. Although the teachers use the target language during the classes, they cannot offer a continuous conversation with each student, and they are usually not available wherever and whenever the student requires them to practice. This chapter presents the development and use of a mobile application to hold conversations in the Japanese language. The objective is to provide a software tool to improve the level of communicative competence (both inside and outside a classroom environment). So, the authors created and used a conversational agent (chatbot) using Dialogflow (a Google API), which is connected to the application's interface through the Internet using a client access token to give responses to user inputs in real time.
NLP and the Representation of Data on the Semantic Web
Authors: Martinez-Rodriguez Jose L. , Lopez-Arevalo Ivan , Lopez-Veyna Jaime I. , Rios-Alvarado Ana B. , Aldana-Bobadilla Edwin
Published: September 2020

One of the goals of data scientists and curators is to get information (contained in text) organized and integrated in a way that can be easily consumed by people and machines. A starting point for such a goal is to get a model to represent the information. This model should ease to obtain knowledge semantically (e.g., using reasoners and inferencing rules). In this sense, the Semantic Web is focused on representing the information through the Resource Description Framework (RDF) model, in which the triple (subject, predicate, object) is the basic unit of information. In this context, the natural language processing (NLP) field has been a cornerstone in the identification of elements that can be represented by triples of the Semantic Web. However, existing approaches for the representation of RDF triples from texts use diverse techniques and tasks for such purpose, which complicate the understanding of the process by non-expert users. This chapter aims to discuss the main concepts involved in the representation of the information through the Semantic Web and the NLP fields.
Integrating Scrum With Other Design Approaches to Support Student Innovation Projects
Authors: Parsons David , MacCallum Kathryn , Sparks Hayley
Published: September 2020

Students who are innovating in a project-based context need appropriate frameworks to support applied research that is easily understandable, flexible to different contexts, and appropriate to their needs. Such support is particularly important when the research involves the development of a technology-related artifact, where students need empirical methods for the design and evaluation of that artifact, in addition to guidance in meeting the academic requirements of their courses. This chapter describes a Scrum-based approach for supporting innovations in learning contexts, extending previous proposals in the literature. The context of the research is two academic programs where students undertake innovative technology-based research projects. The new research model is designed to provide a better supporting framework to assist them to effectively manage their projects by integrating the adaptive cycles and ceremonies of the Scrum agile method with complementary concepts and phases from Design Thinking, Design Science, and Design-Based Research.
Stochastic Evaluation of Capacity and Demand Management of the Airline Industry
Authors: Tesfay Yohannes Yebabe
Published: September 2020

In the airline industry, the term load factor defined as the percentage of seats filled by revenue passengers and is used to measure efficiency and performance. This metric evaluates the airlines capacity and demand management. This paper applies stochastic models to analyse the load factor of the Association European Airlines (AEA) for flights of Europe - North Africa and Europe- Sub Saharan Africa. The estimation result prevails that the airlines have better demand management in the flights of Europe- Sub Saharan Africa than in the flight of Europe - North Africa. However, the capacity management of the airlines is poor for both regional flights. The autocorrelation structures for the load factor for both regional flights have both periodic and serial correlations. Consequently, the use of ordinal panel data models is inappropriate to capture the necessary variation of the load factor of the regional flights. Therefore, in order to control for the periodic autocorrelation, the author introduces dynamic time effects panel data regression model. Furthermore, in order to eliminate serial correlation the author applies the Prais–Winsten methodology to fit the model. Finally, the author builds realistic and robust forecasting model of the load factor of the Europe- North Africa and Europe-Sub Saharan Africa flights.
Analysis of the Development Situation and Forecasting of Development of Emergency Situations in Socio-Technical Systems
Authors: Sikirda Yuliya , Shmelova Tetiana
Published: September 2020

In this chapter, socio-technical analysis of Air Navigation System (ANS) has hold in the result of which the heterogeneous factors of professional and non-professional activities influencing on the decision-making (DM) of ANS's human-operator (Н-О) in expected and unexpected aircraft's (АС) operating conditions have classified, systematically compiled and formalized. The method of generalization of heterogeneous factors, which allows taking into account the structural hierarchy, heterogeneity, dynamic instability of factors of professional and non-professional activity influencing on the ANS's H-O DM has developed, the conditions for their evaluation have determined. The vector of actions of the ANS's H-O in the expected and unexpected AC operating conditions, taking into account the model of the operator's behaviour, has considered. The authors have obtained the models of bipolar choice of operator of Socio-Technical System (STS) for using of reflexion theory and Markov network. They present the results of choosing in the direction of positive, negative pole, a mixed choice and forecasting of development of the situation. The authors demonstrate the methodology for analysis of flight situation development using GERT's and Markov's networks.
The Problem of Locating and Routing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Yakıcı Ertan , Karatas Mumtaz , Yılmaz Oktay
Published: September 2020

In this chapter, locating and routing of a UAV fleet is discussed. Since the research in the location and routing of UAVs is very limited, the related problems are reviewed. A basic problem and its extended version found in the literature are redefined along with their MILP formulation. Both of the problems are characterized by a prize collecting objective function and a homogeneous fleet of fixed number of UAVs based on naval platforms. The aim is described as maximization of the collected importance value associated to interest points. A solution method that is based on ACO is discussed. The usage of this robust method for both the basic and the extended versions of the problem is explained. The improvement room in the present solution method and future research directions are also discussed.
Green Airport Investments to Mitigate Externalities
Authors: Postorino Maria Nadia , Mantecchini Luca , Paganelli Filippo
Published: September 2020

Transport systems are important pollution sources, mainly in terms of greenhouse gases, noise and land consumption. To mitigate the problem and safeguard airport development at the same time, the involved stakeholders are fixing goals, priorities and duties in order to promote the sustainable development of the air transport industry at global level and the wellness of local communities as well. It is desirable to estimate airport noise and carbon impacts in order to suitably manage them and identify strategies in line with the concept of green economy. In this chapter, a general framework to identify optimal procedures and methods to evaluate the effectiveness of policies addressed to reduce airport impacts on the airport surroundings is proposed. The case study of the airport of Bologna is presented as an example of Transport Company that effectively operates to minimize its noise and carbon impacts. According to the proposed general framework, impacts and estimated costs to achieve the status of green company have been computed.
Identifying Accident Factors in Military Aviation
Authors: Nitzschner Marco Michael , Nagler Ursa K J , Stein Michael
Published: September 2020

Investigating accidents is an important method to enhance safety in aviation. Nevertheless, it is equally important to examine trends and factors across different accidents to adapt accordingly. Therefore, in the first study, 48 accidents and incidents occurring to manned military aircraft of the German Armed Forces between the years 2004 and 2014 were analyzed using the HFACS framework. Results show that preconditions for unsafe acts (37.7%) was observed most often, followed by unsafe acts (36.2%) and organizational influences (17.9%). Unsafe supervision was observed least often (8.2%). Thus, operators on the front line contribute the major part to manned aircraft incurrences in the German Armed Forces while higher levels of HFACS seem to play a smaller part. In the second study, 33 accidents and incidents occurring to unmanned military aircraft of the German Armed Forces between 2004 and 2014 were analyzed, also using the HFACS framework. Results show that technical issues were mentioned most often and human factors were identified considerably less than in manned aircraft.
Primary School Teachers' Perceived Factors Affecting the Integration of ICT in an Educational District
Authors: Roberts Leesha Nicole
Published: September 2020

This study examined whether there was a link between school context, teachers' knowledge, mastery of ICT, and the factors perceived by teachers during the integration of ICT in their classrooms. One hundred teachers at the early childhood and middle school levels, in the Port-of-Spain and Environs School District, Trinidad and Tobago, participated in this study. The data was analyzed using SPSS, Version 22 Software. The results, using 1-way ANOVA, revealed no significant differences between the main factors (p = 5%) as perceived by teachers, hindering the use and integration of ICT into their lessons: insufficient instructional support [F (6, 88) = 0.45, p =0.0843]; inadequate hardware and software support [F (6, 88) = 0.47, p = 0.0830]; ICT literacy restrictions [F (6, 88) = 1.13, p = 0.350]; and limited leadership at the level of the school [F (6, 88) = 0.86, p = 0.529]. Despite these results, teachers continue to perceive these factors as hindrances to the integration of ICT in the teaching/learning process, which could have implications for ICT integration decision making in schools.
The Use of the RRIR ICT Integration Model as an Instructional Planning Tool
Authors: Roberts Leesha Nicole
Published: September 2020

This chapter introduces the retrieve, revise, implement, and review (RRIR) ICT integration model, created by the author, to assist teachers in systematically planning lessons in information communication technologies (ICT). A case study design was used to collect data in two parts from Teachers in 30 primary schools in Trinidad and Tobago. The first part required the teachers to use the RRIR model log book for one school term. The second part used focus group sessions to inquire about the teachers' perceptions, pedagogical changes, and the factors influencing their decision to continue using the RRIR model log book. The data revealed four broad themes: support for pedagogical innovation, adaptability and intentional instructional changes, approaches to ICT integration, and school leadership. Overall, the teachers disclosed that the RRIR ICT integration model allowed them to plan their ICT integrated lessons reflectively. Concerning the school context, further research is needed to elucidate its impact since teachers reflected on barriers to the ICT integration process in schools.
Faculty Professional Development for Culturally Responsive Pedagogy in STEM Higher Education
Authors: Mack Kelly M. , Winter Kate , Rankins Claudia M.
Published: September 2020

This chapter showcases the purpose, activities, and outcomes of the Teaching to Increase Diversity and Equity in STEM (TIDES) faculty professional development program, which significantly increased both faculty skill level and confidence with implementing culturally responsive pedagogies in the computer/information science disciplines. Starting with the structure of the application process, TIDES intentionally created an effective learning environment where computer and information science faculty could not only learn about culturally relevant teaching practices and the need for them, but also unlearn what they may have absorbed about historical inequities in society and higher education and address their implicit biases about who can and should succeed in STEM. Evaluative data indicate that TIDES exceeded all its target outcomes, so this chapter is shared to support the replication of a proven practice of professional development to foster culturally responsive pedagogy among STEM faculty and, therefore, to support the recruitment and retention of diverse students in STEM.
Using Universal Design for Learning to Create Inclusive Provisions for Indigenous Students in Higher Education
Authors: Fovet Frederic
Published: September 2020

The decolonization of the curriculum has become a much-discussed process in higher education, and it is particularly pertinent to the inclusion of Indigenous students in the tertiary sector. While the momentum grows for a rapid integration of decolonization of the curriculum into higher education practices, the literature suggests that these efforts so far have tackled content rather than pedagogy itself. Universal design for learning (UDL), on the other hand, appears as a promising framework to support instructors as they engage more deeply with the process of decolonizing pedagogical practices. The chapter explores the phenomenological insights of the author regarding the ways UDL is contributing to this reflection on the inherently Euro-centric nature of classroom practices. The chapter also examined wider repercussions the implementation of UDL to the Indigenous student experience will have on UDL advocacy generally, on higher education reform, and on the future format of support services for this clientele.
Cross-Border E-Commerce
Authors: Hoque Md. Rakibul , Bashaw R. Edward
Published: September 2020

The cross-border e-commerce platforms available to businesses today provide them with the ability to increase market share beyond their local market. However, in initiating such platforms, businesses face many challenges from local to global issues. Therefore, it is essential for cross-border e-commerce managers to have a comprehensive understanding of the risks, scope, dynamics, and determinants with regard to these challenges. Additionally, they must launch, run, and expand cross-border e-commerce operations. This chapter has highlighted a wide range of prospects, aspects, and factors with regard to cross-border e-commerce worldwide which can guide the thinking of decision makers. The authors conclude that more research and feasibility studies are necessary to increase consumer experience and devise global visions and policies to facilitate cross-border e-commerce.
Real-Time Vehicle Traffic Prediction in Apache Spark Using Ensemble Learning for Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Sundareswaran Anveshrithaa , Lavanya K.
Published: September 2020

Escalating traffic congestion in large and rapidly evolving metropolitan areas all around the world is one of the inescapable problems in our daily lives. In light of this situation, traffic monitoring and analytics is becoming the need of the hour in today's world. Real-time traffic analysis requires processing of data streams that are being generated continuously in real time to gain quick insights. The challenge of analyzing streaming data for real-time prediction can be overcome by exploiting deep learning techniques. Taking this as a motivation, this work aims to integrate big data technologies and deep learning techniques to develop a real-time data stream processing model for vehicle traffic forecast using ensemble learning approach. Real-time traffic data from an API is streamed using a distributed streaming platform called Kafka into Apache Spark where it is processed, and the traffic flow is predicted by a neural network ensemble model. This will reduce the travel time, cost, and energy through efficient decision making, thus having a positive impact on the environment.
Visual Perception System of EROS Humanoid Robot Soccer
Authors: Rizgi Aulia Khilmi , Risnumawan Anhar , Ardila Fernando , Sutoyo Edi , Wijaya Ryan Satria , Arifin Ilham Fakhrul , Anggraeni Martianda Erste , Herawan Tutut
Published: September 2020

In this paper, a humanoid robot soccer perception system, consisting of a ball, field detection, and localization, is developed in order to deal with the new rules in RoboCup. Color segmentation and image morphology are improved together with a more sophisticated machine learning algorithm to detect a soccer ball robustly. Those algorithms are still favorable due to its real-time running in most of the embedded platform. For localization, the field is divided into pre-deðned grids and employing k-NN (k-nearest neighbor) to determine the robot location in the grids. Pre-defined grids are used to reduce computation due to matching with a map. Experiment results show that the developed system relatively well for adapting to the new rules update.
Bio-Inspired Metaheuristics
Authors: Kaleche Rachid , Bendaoud Zakaria , Bouamrane Karim
Published: September 2020

In real life, problems becoming more complicated, among them NP-Hard problems. To resolve them, two families of methods exist, exact and approximate methods. When exact methods provide the optimal solution in an unacceptable amount of time, the approximate ones provide good solutions in a reasonable amount of time. Approximate methods are two kinds, heuristics and metaheuristics. The first ones are problem specific, while metaheuristics are independent from problems. A broad number of metaheuristics are inspired from nature, specially from biology. These bio-inspired metaheuristics are easy to implement and provide interesting results. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive survey of bio-inspired metaheuristics, their classification, principals, algorithms, their application domains, and a comparison between them.
A Prediction Approach Based on Self-Training and Deep Learning for Biological Data
Authors: Boufenara Mohamed Nadjib , Boufaida Mahmoud , Berkane Mohamed Lamine
Published: September 2020

With the exponential growth of biological data, labeling this kind of data becomes difficult and costly. Although unlabeled data are comparatively more plentiful than labeled ones, most supervised learning methods are not designed to use unlabeled data. Semi-supervised learning methods are motivated by the availability of large unlabeled datasets rather than a small amount of labeled examples. However, incorporating unlabeled data into learning does not guarantee an improvement in classification performance. This paper introduces an approach based on a model of semi-supervised learning, which is the self-training with a deep learning algorithm to predict missing classes from labeled and unlabeled data. In order to assess the performance of the proposed approach, two datasets are used with four performance measures: precision, recall, F-measure, and area under the ROC curve (AUC).
The Role of Website Visual Design in Predicting Consumers' Purchase Intentions
Authors: Shaouf Abubaker A AB
Published: September 2020

This study aims to investigate the effects of website visual design on purchase intention in B2C environments. This purpose was addressed through the use of The Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) model, in which a number of hypotheses were drawn. The proposed model in this study was examined was examined through an empirical study involving 532 online shoppers using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) techniques. The results of this study indicated that consumers' perceptions of website visual design influence website trust and website attitude, which in turn positively boost online purchase intention. The results also revealed a partial mediating effect of website trust and attitude in the relationship between website visual design and purchase intention. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed in the paper.
The Impact of Smart Meter Installation on Attitude Change Towards Energy Consumption Behavior Among Northern Ireland Households
Authors: Gholami Roya , Emrouznejad Ali , Alnsour Yazan , Kartal Hasan B. , Veselova Julija
Published: September 2020

The continuous development of energy management systems, coupled with a growing population, and increasing energy consumption, highlights the necessity to develop a deep understanding of household energy consumption behavior and interventions that facilitate behavioral change. Using a data mining segmentation technique, 2,505 Northern Ireland households were segmented into four distinctive profiles, based on their energy consumption patterns, socio-demographic, and dwelling characteristics. The change in attitude towards energy consumption behavior was analyzed to evaluate the impact of smart meter feedback as well. The key finding was 81% of trial participants perceived smart meters to be helpful in reducing their energy consumption. In addition, we found that the potential to reduce energy bills and environmental concerns were the strongest motivations for behavior change.
The Use of the UTAUT Model in the Adoption of E-Learning Technologies
Authors: Abdou David , Jasimuddin Sajjad M.
Published: September 2020

E-learning is treated as a learning approach in higher education worldwide. E-learning systems are all about using digital technologies to acquire, store, and process learning resources. This article aims to examine the end-users' acceptance of e-learning in the banking sector using the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model. The paper reviews the extant literature from which a theoretical model is developed and tested empirically in the French context. The UTAUT is extended by incorporating one additional factor (top management support). A quantitative approach based on cross-sectional survey was used to collect data from 133 bank officials. Data was analyzed using, statistical software SPSS version 15. The article successfully confirms the applicability of e-learning in France-based banks. The model developed in this paper helps the practitioner to understand the factors that should be given emphasis to ensure the effective development and acceptance of the e-learning technologies in a commercial setting.
Influential Factors of Knowledge Sharing of Multinational E-Health Service Based on 24HrKF
Authors: Xia Huosong , Xiong Gan , Weng Juan
Published: September 2020

In order to solve the problem of cross-time and cross-regional medical collaboration and distributed knowledge sharing across patients and medical teams for 24 hours a day in the context of global resource allocation, a new 24HrKF e-health service model is proposed and a key knowledge model of 24HrKF e-health team knowledge sharing is established based on existing research results combined with 24HrKF distributed team characteristics. Finally, the questionnaire data of 338 multinational medical team members are used to verify the impact of key factors on the knowledge sharing of medical teams. The results shows that factors such as information and communication technology, the hospital's cultural characteristics, cross-cultural communication, medical knowledge and skills, and trust all have a significantly positive impact on knowledge sharing among team members especially information and communication technology and medical knowledge and skills. However, the degree of time-span separation across time zones has no significant effect on the knowledge sharing among team members.
Retraction: Determinants of self-reported adherence to inhaler therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Aredano Ilaria , De Blasio Francesca , Berchialla Paola , Brussino Luisa , Bucca Caterina , Solidoro Paolo
Published: September 2020

On behalf of the coauthors and with much regret, I must retract our publication entitled "Determinants of self-reported adherence to inhaler therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease", published in Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine 2020;15:654 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/mrm.2020.654

The reason for the retraction is a complaint by MMAS Research LLC because of the breaching of the IRS Morisky Widget License.

Prof. Caterina BuccaRetired Professor of Respiratory MedicineDept. Medical SciencesUniversity of TurinItaly
Immediate Biochemical Changes After Gait Biofeedback in Individuals With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Luc-Harkey Brittney A. , Franz Jason , Hackney Anthony C. , Blackburn J. Troy , Padua Darin A. , Schwartz Todd , Davis-Wilson Hope , Spang Jeffrey , Pietrosimone Brian
Published: September 2020

Context

Gait biomechanics are linked to biochemical changes that contribute to the development of posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). It remains unknown if modifying peak loading during gait using real-time biofeedback will result in acute biochemical changes related to cartilage metabolism.

Objective

To determine if acutely manipulating peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) during gait influences acute changes in serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein concentration (sCOMP) among individuals with ACLR.

Design

Crossover study.

Patients or Other Participants

Thirty individuals with unilateral ACLR participated (70% female, age = 20.43 ± 2.91 years old, body mass index = 24.42 ± 4.25, months post-ACLR = 47.83 ± 26.97). Additionally, we identified a subgroup of participants who demonstrated an increase in sCOMP after the control or natural loading condition (sCOMPCHANGE > 0 ng/mL, n = 22, 70% female, age = 20.32 ± 3.00 years old, body mass index = 24.73 ± 4.33, months post-ACLR = 47.27 ± 29.32).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Serum was collected both prior to and immediately after each condition to determine sCOMPchange.

Intervention(s)

All participants attended 4 sessions that involved 20 minutes of walking on a force-measuring treadmill consisting of a control condition (natural loading) followed by random ordering of 3 loading conditions with real-time biofeedback: (1) symmetric vGRF between limbs, (2) a 5% increase in vGRF (high loading) and (3) a 5% decrease in vGRF (low loading). A general linear mixed model was used to determine differences in sCOMPCHANGE between altered loading conditions and the control group in the entire cohort and the subgroup.

Results

The sCOMPCHANGE was not different across loading conditions for the entire cohort (F3,29 = 1.34, P = .282). Within the subgroup, sCOMPCHANGE was less during high loading (1.95 ± 24.22 ng/mL, t21 = −3.53, P = .005) and symmetric loading (9.93 ± 21.45 ng/mL, t21 = −2.86, P = .025) compared with the control condition (25.79 ± 21.40 ng/mL).

Conclusions

Increasing peak vGRF during gait decreased sCOMP in individuals with ACLR who naturally demonstrated an increase in sCOMP after 20 minutes of walking.

Trial Registry

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03035994)
Exertional Heat-Stroke Management Practices and Intentions Among Secondary School Football Athletic Trainers
Authors: Nedimyer Aliza K. , Chandran Avinash , Hirschhorn Rebecca M. , Adams William M. , Pryor Riana R. , Casa Douglas J. , Register-Mihalik Johna K. , Kerr Zachary Y.
Published: September 2020

Context

Athletic trainers (ATs) are educated and trained in appropriate exertional heat-stroke (EHS) management strategies, yet disparities may exist between intended and actual uses in clinical practice.

Objective

To examine the intended and actual uses of EHS management strategies among those who did and those who did not treat patients with suspected cases of EHS during the 2017 high school (HS) American football preseason.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Online questionnaire.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 1016 ATs who oversaw patient care during the 2017 HS American football preseason.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Responding HS ATs recorded whether they had or had not managed patients with suspected EHS events during the 2017 HS American football preseason. Those who had managed patients with suspected cases of EHS reported the management strategies used; those who had not managed such patients described their intended management strategies. For each management strategy, z tests compared the proportions of actual use among ATs who managed patients with suspected EHS with the proportions of intended use among ATs who did not manage such patients.

Results

Overall, 124 (12.2%) ATs treated patients with suspected EHS cases during the 2017 HS American football preseason. Generally, the proportions of intended use of management strategies among ATs who did not treat patients with suspected EHS were higher than the actual use of those strategies among ATs who did. For example, ATs who did treat patients with suspected EHS were more likely than those who did not treat such patients to intend to take rectal temperature (19.6% versus 3.2%, P < .001) and immerse the athlete in ice water (90.1% versus 51.6%, P < .001).

Conclusions

Inconsistencies occurred between intended and actual use of EHS management strategies. The standard of care for managing patients with suspected cases of EHS was not consistently used in clinical practice, although ATs who did not treat EHS stated they intended to use these management strategies more frequently. Future researchers should identify factors that preclude ATs from using the standard of care when treating patients with suspected cases of EHS.
Gender Differences in Psychological Responses to Recovery After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Before Return to Sport
Authors: Lisee Caroline Michele , DiSanti Justin S. , Chan Megan , Ling Jessica , Erickson Karl , Shingles Michael , Kuenze Christopher M.
Published: September 2020

Context

Female patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are less likely to return to sport than males. Psychological readiness predicts successful return to sport, but it is unclear if psychological experiences differ between males and females during recovery.

Objective

To explore gender differences in psychological readiness factors of return to sport after ACLR.

Design

Qualitative study.

Setting

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 12 male (months since surgery = 6.2 ± 1.2) and 13 female (months since surgery = 6.4 ± 1.3) high school athletes with a history of ACLR.

Data Collection and Analysis

Participants were interviewed before physician clearance to return to activity. Transcribed interviews were analyzed using deductive thematic coding of 5 themes identified from previous research (psychological distress, self-efficacy, locus of control, athletic identity, and fear of reinjury) and inductive secondary subthematic coding. Gender comparisons were generated within primary themes and secondary subthemes.

Results

All deductive themes were consistently reinforced. Male and female participants reported fear of movement, loss of athletic identity, and motivational mindsets for return to sport and self-improvement. Males reported a stronger sense of internal locus of control using positive internal reinforcement, whereas females described balancing internal and external control and valuing external support systems. Male participants described mood changes influenced by physical and social limitations. Female participants closely monitored their emotions throughout recovery and were influenced by rehabilitation fluctuations.

Conclusions

Male and female high school athletes described different psychological factors related to return to sport and locus of control as well as psychological distress. Gender-specific psychological interventions may be warranted to overcome psychological barriers after ACLR.
Understanding plateau and prairie landslides: research plans for the Thompson River valley, British Columbia, and the Assiniboine River valley, Manitoba-Saskatchewan (2020-2025)
Authors: Huntley D , Rotheram-Clarke D , Cocking R , Joseph J , Bobrowsky P
Published: September 2020

A new Interdepartmental Memorandum of Understanding (IMOU-5170) between Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC), and Transport Canada Innovation Centre (TCIC) from 2020 to 2025 is presented in this Open File. IMOU-5170 combines
on-going research and development of landslide monitoring technologies along strategically important sections of the national railway network in the Thompson River valley, British Columbia, and the Assiniboine River valley along the borders of Manitoba and Saskatchewan. This work is ultimately
applicable to other sites in Canada, and elsewhere around the world where vital railway (or other socioeconomic) infrastructure and operations are potentially at risk from landslides.
Continuous peripheral nerve blocks compared to thoracic epidurals or multimodal analgesia for midline laparotomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bailey Jonathan G. , Morgan Catherine W , Christie Russell , Ke Janny Xue Chen , Kwofie M. Kwesi , Uppal Vishal
Published: September 2020

Background:Continuous peripheral nerve blocks (CPNBs) have been investigated to control pain for abdominal surgery via midline laparotomy while avoiding the adverse events of opioid or epidural analgesia. The review compiles the evidence comparing CPNBs to multimodal and epidural analgesia.Methods:We conducted a systematic review using broad search terms in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane. Primary outcomes were pain scores and cumulative opioid consumption at 48 hours. Secondary outcomes were length of stay and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). We rated the quality of the evidence using Cochrane and GRADE recommendations. The results were synthesized by meta-analysis using Revman. Results: Our final selection included 26 studies (1,646 patients). There was no statistically significant difference in pain control comparing CPNBs to either multimodal or epidural analgesia (low quality evidence). Less opioids were consumed when receiving epidural analgesia than CPNBs (mean difference [MD]: –16.13, 95% CI [–32.36, 0.10]), low quality evidence) and less when receiving CPNBs than multimodal analgesia (MD: –31.52, 95% CI [–42.81, –20.22], low quality evidence). The length of hospital stay was shorter when receiving epidural analgesia than CPNBs (MD: -0.78 days, 95% CI [-1.29, -0.27], low quality evidence) and shorter when receiving CPNBs than multimodal analgesia (MD: -1.41 days, 95% CI [-2.45, -0.36], low quality evidence). There was no statistically significant difference in PONV comparing CPNBs to multimodal (high quality evidence) or epidural analgesia (moderate quality evidence).Conclusion: CPNBs should be considered a viable alternative to epidural analgesia when contraindications to epidural placement exist for patients undergoing midline laparotomies.
Guidelines for the management of Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Sinclair Werner
Published: September 2020

Background: Acne vulgaris is a very common skin condition that, in the vast majority, can and should be effectively managed by general medical practitioners. Several guideline documents for management thereof exist and there is an overwhelmingly large, confusing literature bank available on the topic.

Methods: This article summarises and simplifies the main guideline documents that have been published over the last few years to present the results in an algorithmic approach to the treatment of the different types and grades of acne.

Disclaimer: Adherence to these guidelines will not ensure successful treatment in every situation and should not be deemed inclusive of all proper methods of care or exclusive of other methods of care reasonably directed to obtaining the same results.
Clinical practice guidelines for insomnia disorder
Authors: Malan Lucille , Dlamini Nokuthula
Published: September 2020

Insomnia disorder is defined as difficulty in falling asleep, maintaining sleep, and early morning awakenings. Common daytime consequences experienced are fatigue, mood instability and impaired concentration. In chronic insomnia these symptoms persist over a period of at least three months. Chronic insomnia can also be a symptom of a variety of disorders. The pathophysiology of insomnia is theorised as a disorder of nocturnal and daytime hyper-arousal as a result of increased somatic, cortical and cognitive activation. The causes of insomnia can be categorized into situational, medical, psychiatric and pharmacologically-induced. To diagnose insomnia, it is required to evaluate the daytime and nocturnal symptoms, as well as psychiatric and medical history. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5 Criteria (DSM-5) also provides guidelines and criteria to be followed when diagnosing insomnia disorder. Goals of treatment for insomnia disorder are to correct the underlying sleep complaint and this, together with insomnia symptoms, their severity and duration, as well as co-morbid disorders will determine the choice of treatment. In the majority of patients, insomnia can be treated without pharmacological therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy is considered first-line therapy for all patients with insomnia. The most common pharmacological insomnia treatments include benzodiazepines and benzodiazepines receptor agonists. To avoid tolerance and dependence, these hypnotics are recommended to be used at the lowest possible dose, intermittently and for the shortest duration possible. A combination of cognitive behavioural therapy and pharmacological treatment options is recommended for chronic insomnia.
Mastering your fellowship (Online)
Authors: Naidoo Mergan , Mabuza Langalibalele Honey , Ross Andrew , Schweitzer Beverley
Published: September 2020

The series, “Mastering your Fellowship”, provides examples of the question format encountered in the written Final Part A of the FCFP (SA) examination. The series is aimed at helping family medicine registrars prepare for this examination. Model answers are available online.
Diagnosing a red eye: an allergy or an infection?
Authors: Lambert Lynn
Published: September 2020

A red eye is the cardinal sign of ocular inflammation, and is one of the most common ophthalmological complaints. Inflammation of almost any part of the eye, including the lacrimal glands and eyelids, or a faulty tear film, can lead to a red eye. The condition is usually benign, self-limiting and can be managed effectively in general practice. While there may be numerous causes of a red eye, conjunctivitis is the most common. A thorough patient history and physical examination of the eye are essential in the management of a red eye when differentiating between an allergic and an infectious cause.
Разрушение и глобальная разрешимость в классическом смысле задачи Коши для формально гиперболического уравнения с некоэрцитивным источником
Authors: Korpusov Maxim Olegovich
Published: September 2020

В работе рассмотрена абстрактная задача Коши с нелинейными операторными коэффициентами. Доказано существование единственного непродолжаемого классического решения этой задачи Коши. При некоторых достаточных условиях, близких к необходимым, получены условия разрушения решения за конечное время, оценки сверху и снизу на время разрушения,
а также при некоторых достаточных условиях, близких к необходимым, получен результат о существовании глобального во времени решения вне зависимости от величины начальных функций.
Библиография: 41 наименование.
О стандартной гипотезе для расслоенного на кривые $3$-мерного многообразия с неинъективным отображением Кодаиры-Спенсера
Authors: Tankeev Sergey Gennadievich
Published: September 2020

Доказана стандартная гипотеза Гротендика типа Лефшеца для комплексного проективного 3-мерного многообразия, расслоенного на кривые (возможно, с вырождениями) над гладкой проективной поверхностью при условии, что кольцо эндоморфизмов якобиева многообразия некоторого гладкого слоя совпадает с кольцом целых чисел и соответствующее отображение Кодаиры-Спенсера имеет ранг $1$ на некотором непустом открытом подмножестве поверхности. Если род общего слоя структурного морфизма равен $2$, то условие на эндоморфизмы якобиана можно исключить.
Библиография: 35 наименований.
Конечные группы бимероморфных автоморфизмов унилинейчатых трехмерных кэлеровых многообразий
Authors: Prokhorov Yuri Gennadievich , Shramov Constantin Aleksandrovich
Published: September 2020

Мы классифицируем трехмерные унилинейчатые компактные кэлеровы многообразия, группа бимероморфных автоморфизмов которых не обладает свойством Жордана.
Библиография: 53 наименования.
Building the required skillsets for a resilient public health workforce: A decade of field epidemiology training in Ghana
Authors: Kenu Ernest , Bandoh Delia , Kaburi Basil , Sackey Samuel
Published: September 2020

The emergence and re-emergence of infectious and non-infectious diseases is a major issue of public health concern. The outbreak of Ebola, Lassa Fever, Meningitis and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need to have a multisectoral public health workforce with the requisite skillsets to effectively address these situations.As part of the strategies to build these skillsets for public health professionals, the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US CDC) has assisted countries and territories to establish Field Epidemiology Training Programs. The aim of the FETP training is to provide the public health workforces with the ability to prevent, early detect and respond to threats with the skills to collect, analyse and interrupt disease information so that prompt action can be taken to save lives
Demographic and socio-cultural factors influencing contraceptive uptake among women of reproductive age in Tamale Metropolis, Northern Region, Ghana
Authors: Abdulai Marijanatu , Kenu Ernest , Ameme Donne , Bandoh Delia , Tabong Phillip , Lartey Adolphina , Noora Charles , Adjei Eric , Nyarko Kofi
Published: September 2020

Background: This study assessed some demographic and socio-cultural factors that influence contraceptive uptake among reproductive-aged women in Tamale Metropolis of the Northern Region, GhanaDesign: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from February to March 2015Setting: All three sub Metropolis in TamaleParticipants: All community members and women of reproductive age (15-49years)Intervention: The study used cluster sampling to recruit women who were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Nine focus group discussions (FGDs) were also held among community members who were purposively selected.Main outcome measures: contraceptive uptake (use of contraceptive)Results: The mean age of the women was 26 years. The prevalence of contraceptive uptake among reproductive-age women was 36.8% (165/448). Women with secondary school education [AOR=4.4(95%CI:1.6-12.4)], and those in homes where decisions on having children were made by both partners [AOR=2.1(95%CI:1.1-04.42)] were more likely to use contraceptives. Unemployed women [AOR=0.3(95%CI:0.1-0.8)], women whose husbands were unaware of their contraceptive use [AOR=0.4(95%CI:0.2-0.9)] and those having a culture or religion that frowns on contraceptive use [AOR=0.4(95%CI:0.2-0.8)] were less likely to use contraceptive among women in the Tamale Metropolis.Conclusion: The study found a contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) in Tamale Metropolis, Northern Ghana to be 36.8%. Education and living in a home where childbearing decisions are made together were identified as positive factors influencing contraceptive uptake.Keywords: Contraceptive Uptake; Tamale Metropolis; Reproductive-aged women; socio cultural factors; Contraceptive prevalenceFunding: This work was funded by the authors
Evaluation of surveillance system for pneumonia in children below five years, Tema Metropolis, Ghana, 2012 – 2016
Authors: Dadzie Dora , Addo-Lartey Adolphina , Peprah Nana , Kenu Ernest
Published: September 2020

Background: We evaluated the pneumonia surveillance system in Tema Metropolis to determine whether it is meeting its objectives and to assess its attributes.Design: Descriptive primary and secondary data analysisData Source: We interviewed health staff on the system’s operation and resources. We also extracted 2012-2016 surveillance dataset for under-five pneumonia cases and deaths from the District Health Information Management System for review.Participants: Health staffIntervention: The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) updated guidelines for evaluating surveillance systems was used to assess system attributes. Main outcome measure: state of the pneumonia surveillance system in TemaResults: A suspected case was defined as fast breathing in any child < 5 years old. The case definition was easy to apply, even at the community level. From 2012 to 2016, a total of 3,337 cases and 54 deaths (case fatality rate 1.6%) was recorded from 13 (23.6%) of 55 health facilities. Two epidemics were missed by the district because data were not being analysed. There were no laboratory data on antimicrobial resistance. Although reporting timeliness increased from 28.1% in 2012 to 83% in 2016, data inconsistencies existed between reporting levels.Conclusion: The surveillance system for under-five pneumonia in Tema Metropolis is simple, stable, flexible, timely,but of low sensitivity and acceptability, and only partly meeting its objectives. Major shortcomings are lack of laboratory data, non-use of data and low representativeness.Keywords: Under-five Pneumonia, Surveillance System Evaluation, Tema, GhanaFunding: The study was supported by a grant to author DB by the President’s Malaria Initiative (PMI) -CDC CoAg 6NU2GGH001876