bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hereditary Multiple Exostoses: Clinical, Molecular and Radiologic Survey in 9 Families
Authors: Medek Karel , Zeman Jiří , Honzík Tomáš , Hansíková Hana , Švecová Štěpánka , Beránková Kamila , Kučerová Vidrová Vendula , Kuklík Miloslav , Chomiak Jiří , Tesařová Markéta
Published: September 2017

Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) represents a heterogeneous group of diseases often associated with progressive skeletal deformities. Most frequently, mutations inEXT1andEXT2genes with autosomal dominant inheritance are responsible for HME. In our group of 9 families with HME we evaluated the clinical course of the disease and analysed molecular background using Sanger sequencing and MLPA inEXT1andEXT2genes. The mean age in our group of patients, when the first exostosis was recognised was 4.5 years (range 2–10 years) and the number of exostoses per one patient documented on X-ray ranged from 2 to 54. Most of the exostoses developed before the growth was completed and they were dominantly localised in the distal femurs, proximal tibia, proximal humerus and distal radius. In all patients, at least one to 8 surgeries were necessary due to complaints and local complications, but neither patient developed malignant transformation. In half of the patients, the disease resulted in short stature. DNA analyses were positive in 7 families. In five probands, differentEXT1gene mutations resulting in premature stop-codon (p.Gly124Argfs*65, p.Leu191*, p.Trp364Lysfs*11, p.Val371Glyfs*10, p.Leu490Profs*31) were found. In two probands, nonsense mutations were found inEXT2gene (p.Val187Profs*115, p.Cys319fs*46). Five mutations have been novel and two mutations have occurredde novoin probands. Although the risk for malignant transformation is usually low, especially in patients with low number of exostoses, early diagnostics and longitudinal follow up of patients is of a big importance, because early surgery can prevent progression of secondary bone deformities.
Semantic Non-factualism in Kripke’s Wittgenstein
Authors: Boyd Daniel
Published: September 2017

Kripke’s Wittgenstein is standardly understood as a non-factualist about meaning ascription. Non-factualism about meaning ascription is the idea that sentences like “Joe means addition by ‘plus’” are not used to state facts about the world. Byrne and Kusch have argued that Kripke’s Wittgenstein is not a non-factualist about meaning ascription. They are aware that their interpretation is non-standard, but cite arguments from Boghossian and Wright to support their view. Boghossian argues that non-factualism about meaning ascription is incompatible with a deflationary theory of truth. Wright argues that non-factualism about meaning ascription is incoherent. To support the standard interpretation, I’ll respond to each argument in turn. To the degree that my responses are successful, Byrne and Kusch have an unmotivated interpretation of Kripke’s Wittgenstein. Wilson provides a factualist interpretation that is not based on Boghossian and Wright’s arguments. Miller argues for a non-factualist interpretation against Wilson, but I’ll show that Miller’s interpretation faces a dilemma. Miller’s argument cannot be maintained if a coherent interpretation of the skeptical solution is to be provided. I’ll show how this dilemma can be avoided and provide an independent argument against Wilson so that a non-factualist interpretation of the skeptical solution can be maintained.
Revolting Sympathies in Mary Shelley’s The Last Man
Authors: Deren Jennifer
Published: September 2017

Jennifer Deren, “Revolting Sympathies in Mary Shelley’s The Last Man” (pp. 135–160)

Building on recent scholarship that explores Mary Shelley’s advocacy for sympathy in The Last Man (1826), this essay traces the complexity of interpersonal and reader-text relations as they play out in the novel and in the experience of reading it. I argue that moments of intimacy explicitly called “sympathy” in the novel are often idealizations that turn “revolting” as sympathy becomes something other than the beneficial exchange that participants expect of it. These scenes delineate a politics of sympathy that challenges the dominant model with a portrayal of human intimacy as uncontrollable, amoral, and infectious. Shelley encodes in the novel’s infamous plague her concern that the experience of sympathy that underlies nineteenth-century politics of community- and nation-formation can and sometimes does generate violence, discord, and inequality alongside mutually beneficial relationships. Exploring readers’ uncertain responses to the novel alongside the novel’s representation of sympathy as revolting, I suggest that the novel’s framing “Introduction” reveals an aesthetics of sympathy in which reader-text relations are constitutively unstable. Readers’ resistance to Lionel’s effusive narration is a revolting response written into the novel’s sympathetic design. By making sympathetic reading a revolting experience, Shelley advances a revision of sympathy that forces us to rethink the possibilities and the consequences of human relationships and invites us to reimagine a communal future that makes room for those realities.
Authors: Costa Laíse Nascimento , Freitas Wallace Edelky de Souza , Dantas de Morais Patrícia Lígia , De Morais Divanóvina Laís , Mendonça Vander
Published: September 2017

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilization on the physical and physico-chemical characteristics and antioxidant potential of sapodilla at different stages of development. The experiment was installed at the Norfruit farm, located in the rural community of Pau Branco, Mossoró/RN, Brazil. A randomized block with two factorial schemes experimental design, was adopted. The first 5 x 6 with lost parcels, consisting of five doses of nitrogen (N) (0, 300, 600, 900 and 1200 g of N.plant-1) and six stages of fruit development; and the second 2 x 3 consisting of two levels of nitrogen (N) (0; 600 g of N plant-1) and three stages of development, both with five replications. The fruits were labeled with a 10 to 15 mm long mark in the plant. In fact, were harvested and analyzed after 90, 120, 150, 180 and 200 days of its marking and 208 days (fully mature, after 8 days of storage at 25 ± 2 °C and RH 58 ± 5%), respectively. The results showed a nitrogen fertilization at the dose of 600 g of N.plant-1, produced fruit with higher sugar content and fresh weight, reaching greater mass and sugar content, at 200 and 180 days of fruit development, respectively. An increase in nitrogen fertilization, promoted a reduction in the levels of yellow flavonoids and anthocyanins. Bioactive compounds (total polyphenols, vitamin C, flavonoids and anthocyanins) and sapodilla antioxidant activity decreased with the further development of fruit. The antioxidant activity of the sapodilla is more related to the high content of total polyphenols. The knowledge obtained in this study is extremely important for the sapodilla production chain due to information of the nutritional and antioxidant composition of the fruits. This also proves beneficial for the fruit marketing, because nowadays the public seeks foods rich in antioxidants, and the sapodilla is marketed both in natura and processed, in addition to its use in the cosmetics manufacture.
Authors: Vargas Zapata Mateo , Lopez Isaza Juan Guillermo , Restrepo Betancur Luis Fernando , Ayala Lopera Silvio Antonio , Medina Sierra Marisol
Published: September 2017

In this research, the adaptability of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp., canavalia (Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC.) and veranera (Cratylia argentea (Desvaux) O. Kuntze) species, was evaluated in soils degraded by sand and gravel extraction. The three species were planted in bags as follows: 20 x 10cm, each with 3 seeds, with a substrate 2:1 soil and sand, respectively. The plants were grown under shadow conditions with 50% for 60 days, and received irrigation according to climate conditions. Therefore, were transplanted at field conditions, plant height (PH), fully developed leaves (FDL) and stem diameter (SD) variables, were measured every week for 10 weeks. A randomized block design was used with a fixed balanced effect. The number of replicates per treatment was four, the multivariate technique MANOVA variance with orthogonal type was included and the method of maximum likelihood was used to establish the dimensionality of the contrast. In fact, one-dimensional comparisons were carried out using Tukey method, which had achieved type I error of 5% statistical significance. Significant difference among plants for PH (p<0.05) variable was obtained. In addition, SD variable showed differences from the third week for all evaluated plants (p<0.05). A highly significant and directly proportional relationship among HP, FDL and SD variables (p<0.0001), was found. MANOVA Multivariate Analysis showed a highly significant difference among evaluated species (p<0.0001), which confirms the hypothesis. It was expected that species were developing and growing despite having contrasting conditions in the study area.
Integrated system for recommending fertilization rates in pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) crop
Authors: Salgado García Sergio , Palma López David Jesus , Zavala Cruz Joel , Ortiz García Carlos Fredy , Lagunes Espinoza Luz Del Carmen , Castelán Estrada Mepivosth , Guerrero Peña Armando , Ortiz Ceballos Ángel Isauro , Cordova Sanchez Samuel
Published: September 2017

In recent years much attention has focused on the impacts of agriculture on climate change, due to this stage specialists in plant nutrition and soil fertility have achieved the task of generating adequate fertilization doses for pineapple. A methodology for Integrated System for Recommending Fertilizer Dose, was used. As a result, seven Thiessen polygons, where rainfall ranged from 1640 to 2841 mm was correlated. Therefore, three major soil groups were defined and classified as subunit level. Likewise, eight doses of fertilizers were generated as follows: N, P2O5 and K2O, with a fertilizer dose, a map is generated according to the cultivar: 230-138-300 for Creole pineapple Acrisol Cutánico (Chromic, Ferric); 460-161-480 for Cayenne and MD2 in Acrisol Cutánico (Endoarcíllico, Ferric); 345-161-450 for Cayenne and MD2 and Creole in Acrisol 253-138-450 for Cutánico (Endoarcíllico, Hyperdystric, Ferric); 391-161-450 for Cayenne and MD2 in Acrisol Umbric Cutánico (Endoarcíllico, Hyperdystric) and Acrisol Umbric Cutánico (Endoarcíllico, Hyperdystric, Ferric); 207-138-300 for Creole in Acrisol Umbric Cutánico (Endoarcíllico, Hyperdystric); 253-138-300 for Creole in Acrisol Umbric Cutánico (Endoarcíllico, Hyperdystric, Ferric); 253-138-360 for Creole in Acrisol Umbric Gleyic (Hyperdystric, Ferric); and 391-161-360 in Endogleyic Cambisol (Clayic, Eutric). These fertilizer doses were supplemented with micronutrients to obtain the expected results.
First approach to unilateral transfemoral amputees' contact mechanics
Authors: Mariaka Flórez Isabela , Ramírez Patiño Juan Fernando
Published: September 2017

Los esfuerzos en la cadera son de gran importancia debido a su relación con la salud articular. Modelos de elementos finitos pueden predecir el contacto entre cartílagos, sin embargo, modelos de contacto en amputados transfemorales unilaterales, no han sido encontrados aún en la literatura. Se quiere presentar un acercamiento inicial en la mecánica de contacto de la articulación coxofemoral de dichos pacientes. De una base de datos existente, se eligieron tres amputados transfemorales usuarios de prótesis; se obtuvieron sus respectivas caderas y fémures a partir de tomografía, y los cartílagos de las respectivas superficies articulares. Se crearon modelos por elementos finitos por paciente y se analizó la bipedestación estática. Se determinaron los esfuerzos al inicio del contacto articular, observando resultados mayores para el lado amputado, tanto para los esfuerzos promedio como para los esfuerzos máximos de contacto; y estos se encontraron en la zona anterior y superior respectivamente.
Evolución del modelo de zonas francas permanentes en el mundo: Con un énfasis en el caso Latinoamericano
Authors: García-Caceres Rafael Guillermo , Ospina-Estupiñan Héctor Rodrigo
Published: September 2017

Las zonas francas han sido un importante polo dinamizador del desarrollo económico mundial contemporáneo. El artículo presenta las diferentes tipologías de las zonas, y describe su evolución en el mundo, su impacto económico y social y los factores distintivos de su desarrollo en la región Latinoamérica. Los resultados muestran que la región tiene una de las más altas dinámica de desarrollo de las ZFP tanto en número como en empleo, no obstante, el impacto es bajo en el desarrollo de valor tanto en el aspecto humano como en la innovación. Es necesario para potenciar el modelo de ZFP que los gobiernos incentiven el desarrollo de procesos productivos ascendentes y de procesos de soporte asociados, tanto en el aumento de valor y mejora de la calidad de vida del capital humano, como en los mecanismos legales en pro del comercio internacional para mantener la dinámica de desarrollo.
Optimization of aggregate mixture to paver production using linear programming
Authors: Saboya Ricardo , Tozzo Everton , Cotrim Syntia Lemos , Galdamez Edwin Vladimir Cardoza , Leal Gislaine Camila Lapasini
Published: September 2017

En este trabajo se presenta la optimización de la mezcla de agregados en la producción de bloques de adoquines, mediante la formulación de un modelo de programación lineal. El objetivo es utilizar un modelo de optimización para reducción de los costos de fabricación, respetando el cumplimiento de los requisitos mínimos de calidad y las características mecánicas / físicas requeridas por las normas técnicas. Los resultados obtenidos con el modelo se utilizaron para producir un lote de productos, que fue sometido a un proceso de inspección visual de las pruebas de calidad y de laboratorio. Los resultados demuestran la viabilidad del uso de la programación lineal para definir las cantidades requeridas de materias primas para el proceso de fabricación de bloques de concreto para pavimentos de concreto, que genera beneficios económicos en la industria y permite el control de la calidad del producto.
Aplicación de la gestión de riesgo a equipos y sistemas productivos
Authors: Herrera Galán Michael
Published: September 2017

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo establecer una metodología para el análisis de riesgo de equipos y sistemas productivos, así como identificar aquellos activos sujetos al proceso de validación. Se proporciona un conjunto de instrucciones que describen detalladamente los pasos a seguir para realizar el cronograma de validación con bases al riesgo residual. El estudio se realizó en el Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas de Cuba, dirección de producción. El trabajo se basa en la implementación de la norma IEC 60812, análisis de los modos de fallo, efectos y criticidad (AMFEC). De conjunto con esta norma se utilizarán otros documentos indispensables para su aplicación como son la serie de normas IEC 60300-3-1 e IEC 61025. Entre los principales resultados se obtuvo el mapa de riesgo de la empresa y las acciones de control implementadas una vez identificado el riesgo residual. Estos resultados permitieron establecer el período mínimo indispensable para la validación de los sistemas tecnológicos de la empresa.
A VoIP call classifier for carrier grade based on Support Vector Machines
Authors: Wilches-Cortina Juan Ricardo , Cardona-Peña Jairo Alberto , Tello-Portillo Juan Pablo
Published: September 2017

Actualmente, los técnicos de compañías de VoIP realizan pruebas y clasifican las llamadas como buenas o malas. Asimismo, existen plataformas automáticas que realizan llamadas VoIP para clasificarlas, sin realizar procesamiento de audio; proceso necesario cuando se pretende detectar el False Answer Supervision (FAS), una característica común e indeseable de las llamadas VoIP. Se implementó una Máquina de Vectores de Soporte (SVM) junto con varias funciones utilizadas en el reconocimiento de voz para emular la toma de decisiones de los humanos (tarea de clasificación y análisis de audio realizada por los técnicos). Los experimentos se basaron en la comparación entre los resultados obtenidos de los métodos de clasificación actuales y los derivados de la SVM. Se utilizó una validación cruzada de diez veces para evaluar el rendimiento del sistema. Derivado de los resultados, la metodología propuesta muestra un mejor porcentaje de clasificación exitosa comparado con una plataforma automática llamada CheckMyRoutes.
Hydrologic and hydraulic simulations for use in macrodrainage designs for gully management and recovery
Authors: De Freitas Sampaio Ligia , Guimarães Silvestre Rodrigues Valéria , De Almeida Bressiani Danielle , Resende Martins Ferreira Rogério
Published: September 2017

Escurrimiento superficial en terrenos susceptibles sin asociación con el drenaje adecuado causa erosión del suelo. Las cárcavas y el drenaje son importantes para proyectos de recuperación, ya que la erosión puede ser reactivada después de la aplicación de técnicas de recuperación. Describimos un proyecto de bajo costo para macrodrenaje en Nazareno (MG, Brasil), proporcionando suporte a la gestión y recuperación de cárcavas. Utilizamos una metodología con la aplicación de Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) y modelos hidrológicos y hidráulicos concentrados (softwares libres). La cuenca ha presentado pendientes elevadas (8 a 20%); el flujo de agua es direccionado preferentemente al noroeste, contribuyendo al agravamiento de la erosión. Estudiamos el efecto de condiciones medioambientales en diferentes simulaciones para un proyecto de sistema de drenaje usando las herramientas de softwares. Así pues, los resultados de este artículo pueden auxiliar la gestión y recuperación de cárcavas para esta y otras áreas con problemas similares.
Statistical metadata in knowledge discovery
Authors: Jiménez Ramírez Claudia , Burke Maria Edith , Rodríguez Flores Ivonne
Published: September 2017

Los metadatos representan el esquema semántico de los datos recolectados a lo largo de los años por una organización para aplicar el enfoque de inteligencia de negocios. Sin embargo, los metadatos normalmente recopilados no son suficientes para facilitar los procesos de descubrimiento de conocimiento porque están concebidos, principalmente, para la interoperabilidad entre sistemas de información. La investigación realizada en este estudio confirmó la necesidad de enriquecer los sistemas de almacenamiento de datos con metadatos significativos y estructurados con el fin de aumentar la productividad y la eficacia de cualquier investigación, incluida la gestión de datos y la analítica futura del negocio. Esta necesidad nos llevó a adoptar y ampliar el concepto de "metadatos estadísticos". Por lo tanto, nuestro modelo conceptual propuesto de metadatos estadísticos no sólo considera estándares reconocidos, sino que también representa otras propiedades adicionales. Esto significa que nuestro modelo conceptual permite mayores niveles de detalle sobre los datos y la calidad de los contenidos semánticos.
Contenido foliar de N, P y K en algodón fertirrigado con efluente de alcantarillado tratado
Authors: Filho Jerônimo Andrade , Do Nascimento Iarajane B. , De S. Neto Osvaldo N. , Dias Nildo Da Silva , Rivera René C. , Portela Jeane Cruz , Da-Costa Joseane Dunga
Published: September 2017

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los efectos del riego con efluente de alcantarillado tratado en el contenido foliar de nitrógeno, fósforo y potasio en el cultivo de algodón (Gossypium hirsutum L. cultivar 8H) en dos tipos de suelos. El experimento fue llevado a cabo en el Campus de la Universidad Federal del Semi-Árido en Mossoró, Brasil. El diseño experimental empleado fue el de bloques al azar con parcelas subdivididas. Los tratamientos consistieron en diluciones del efluente de alcantarillado en agua de abastecimiento [25, 50, 75, 100% de efluente y tratamiento agua de abastecimiento + fertilización mineral del suelo - control] en dos tipos de suelos con diferentes texturas (Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo y Cambissolo). Se concluye que el uso de aguas residuales suple las necesidades nutricionales del cultivo de algodón en lo referente al N y K, excepto para el P.
Modelos de optimización para sistemas de potencia en la evolución hacia redes inteligentes: Una revisión
Authors: Tello Maita Josimar , Marulanda Guerra Agustin Rafael
Published: September 2017

El presente artículo describe los modelos de optimización recientemente aplicados al diseño y operación de los sistemas de potencia hacia la conformación de las redes inteligentes e identifica las tendencias, barreras y posibles brechas en esta área. Se describen modelos para optimizar el diseño y la operación de los sistemas de potencia considerando las energías renovables, la generación distribuida, las micro redes, la gestión de la demanda y los sistemas de almacenamiento de energía. Se concluyó que es necesario validar muchos de los modelos que se han formulado recientemente para la optimización de la operación mediante pruebas con datos reales y a gran escala. Además, la gestión de la demanda y las micro redes son aspectos en los cuales se requieren desarrollar modelos para el flujo óptimo de potencia. Finalmente, es necesario predecir con mayor precisión las variables estocásticas para que estos modelos se adapten al comportamiento real del sistema.
Remoción de hidrocarburos de aguas de producción de la industria petrolera utilizando nanointermedios compuestos por SiO2 funcionalizados con nanopartículas magnéticas
Authors: Villegas Juan P , Arcila Neyda , Ortega Diana , Franco Camilo A. , Cortés Farid
Published: September 2017

El principal objetivo de este trabajo es desarrollar nanointermedios compuestos por un soporte micrométrico de SiO2 funcionalizado con nanopartículas magnéticas para la adsorción de hidrocarburos emulsionados en agua. SiO2 con tamaño < 20 μm fue funcionalizada con nanopartículas de magnetita de 97 nm en una relación de 5% p/p. La eficiencia del nanointermedio fue evaluada mediante experimentos de adsorción por lotes bajo diferentes condiciones de temperatura, pH, salinidad y concentración de crudo. Tanto para el soporte de SiO2 como para el nanointermedio, la cantidad máxima de adsorción se alcanza para tiempos inferiores a 100 minutos. Las capacidades adsortivas del nanointermedio fueron comparadas utilizando un material comúnmente empleado en la industria petrolera. Adicionalmente, los materiales pueden ser regenerados mediante procesos térmicos para su posterior reutilización. Se observó que la inclusión de las nanopartículas de magnetita al soporte de SiO2 proporciona un efecto catalítico en la descomposición de los hidrocarburos adsorbidos.
Convective drying of squash (Cucurbita moschata): Influence of temperature and air velocity on effective moisture diffusivity, carotenoid content and total phenols
Authors: Potosí-Calvache Diana Carolina , Vanegas-Mahecha Pedro , Martinez Correa Hugo Alexander
Published: September 2017

Se estudia la influencia de la temperatura y la velocidad del aire en el secado convectivo de zapallo (Cucúrbita moschata- UNAPAL Abanico 75), por medio de la cinética de secado y los cambios en el contenido de compuestos fenólicos y carotenos totales. Se empleó la metodología de superficie de respuesta para optimizar las condiciones de operación en el secado de pulpa de zapallo. Los factores estudiados fueron, temperatura de secado (45 – 65 °C) y velocidad de aire (4 y 7 m.s-1). Las condiciones óptimas de secado de pulpa de zapallo fueron; 55 °C y 7m. s-1, para la temperatura y velocidad de aire respectivamente. El tiempo de secado fue 390 min aproximadamente. La harina obtenida presento humedad 6.34 ± 0.10 % (bh), carotenoides totales; 141.5 ± 1.32 mg/100 g de muestra, fenoles totales; 72.9 ± 2.2 mg /100 g de muestra.
Caracterización microestructural, mecánica y de desgaste de recubrimientos de CuxAly depositados mediante proyección térmica
Authors: Hincapie-Campos Williams Steve , Olaya-Flores Jhon Jairo , Alfonso-Orjuela Jose Edgar
Published: September 2017

En este trabajo se caracterizó la microestructura, la adherencia y el coeficiente de desgate de recubrimientos de CuxAly depositados mediante proyección térmica sobre sustratos de latón. En el estudio se utilizaron como parámetros de evaluación la preparación superficial del sustrato y un recubrimiento intermedio que actúa como capa adhesiva. El análisis de la composición química se hizo mediante la fluorescencia de rayos X (FRX), el análisis estructural se realizó por medio de la difracción de rayos X (DRX) y la microscopía electrónica de transmisión (MET). La adherencia se determinó mediante los ensayos de rayado transversales, la respuesta mecánica se evaluó mediante la medición de la dureza Knoop y pruebas de desgaste abrasivo tres cuerpos y "Pin en disco".  Los resultados permitieron establecer que el recubrimiento sin capa adhesiva y preparada por granallado metálico puede ser utilizado en la recuperación de piezas debido a que presenta menor falla cohesiva.
Cooperation strategies featuring optimization in the school transportation system in Bogota
Authors: Rodríguez Parra Germán Ricardo , Guerrero William Javier , Sarmiento-Lepesqueur Angélica
Published: September 2017

El transporte de estudiantes tiene desafíos importantes en el caso de la ciudad de Bogotá, donde un grupo de escuelas se encuentra en una zona, pero sólo hay una carretera que las conecta con zonas residenciales. Por lo tanto, la congestión del tráfico es alta, generando largos tiempos de viaje, altos costos de operación y problemas de movilidad. Se estudia el impacto de una estrategia cooperativa entre operadores logísticos a través de modelos de programación de entera mixta, para encontrar el diseño óptimo de rutas escolares en una red con la topología que describe el mencionado sistema vial. Se comparan dos estrategias: Cargas mixtas y carga única, donde los estudiantes de diferentes escuelas comparten o no los autobuses disponibles. El objetivo es minimizar los costos totales de operación respetando las ventanas de tiempo de las escuelas. Se presentan los resultados comparativos de los modelos usando enfoques exactos y heurísticos.
Differences between e-commerce buyers and non-buyers in Colombia: The moderating effect of educational level and socioeconomic status on electronic purchase intention
Authors: Sánchez-Torres Javier A. , Arroyo-Cañada Francisco Javier , Varon-Sandoval Alexander , Sánchez-Alzate James Ariel
Published: September 2017

Este estudio explora las diferencias entre compradores y no compradores en la adopción de la intención de compra electrónica en Colombia. Basado en la Teoría Unificada de Aceptación y Uso de la Tecnología (UTAUT), se establece un modelo teórico que incluye cinco variables: Expectativas de Rendimiento, Expectativas de Esfuerzo, Influencia Social, Condiciones Facilitantes y Riesgo. Los resultados empíricos obtenidos de una muestra final de 1.836 encuestas, resaltan la alta importancia de las Expectativas de Rendimiento que puede dar este canal comercial para ambos grupos, así mismo la Influencia Social es otro factor determinante de la compra electrónica. Así mismo, se realizó un estudio exploratorio del efecto moderador del nivel de estudios y nivel socioeconómico para cada grupo, encontrándose fuertes indicios de influencia de estas variables demográficas, lo cual permite suponer como conclusión de gran aporte para este país, que el acceso a la compra electrónica esta relacionada fuertemente con el estatus social.
El papel de la normativa urbana en el desarrollo turístico y la protección del ambiente
Authors: Jiménez Céspedes Roy Allan
Published: September 2017

La región Chorotega en el pacífico costarricense, ha recibido una fuerte inversión por parte del sector turismo. Actualmente, procesos como el impacto del turismo residencial, la disponibilidad de recurso hídrico y la ocupación de áreas ambientalmente frágiles preocupan a diferentes sectores del gobierno y de la sociedad civil. Este es un fenómeno multicausal que abarca, desde la falta de planificación territorial hasta la escasez de recursos para los procesos de tramitación y control. La poca participación de las comunidades en la planificación y ejecución de proyectos son otros de los factores relacionados. En Costa Rica, se está cuestionando la efectividad de la normativa para la conservación de los recursos naturales frente al desarrollo turístico. El extenso marco normativo para la regulación de las actividades turísticas presenta una serie de inconsistencias que facilitan la ocupación y sobre explotación de áreas ambientalmente frágiles.
Elementos conceptuales de la globalización para la inclusión del riesgo en la planificación regional
Authors: Mesías Rosas Oswaldo
Published: September 2017

El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar algunos conceptos fundamentales que deben ser  considerados para presentar propuestas que ayuden a definir el uso y la organización de las áreas vulnerables frente a amenazas naturales, entendido en el actual contexto de globalización  económica que influye fuertemente en la planificación territorial. Estos elementos contribuirán a fortalecer tanto el marco teórico como metodológico para aportar al desarrollo de políticas urbano-regionales que contribuyan a la gestión de riesgos. La hipótesis presentada para el desarrollo de  este artículo argumenta que, para el actual fenómeno de globalización dominante, todavía  podemos encontrar oportunidades en las que logremos superar el paradigma exclusivo que este modelo ha establecido a favor de una planificación territorial que sólo atiende a los intereses de la reproducción del capital. A partir de la lógica del desarrollo local y de una posición endógena, especialmente en lo que respecta a todo lo relacionado con la gestión del riesgo de origen natural, es posible plantear alternativas del ordenamiento territorial sostenibles que consideren las  opiniones de las comunidades afectadas y que garanticen la preservación de la vida y los bienes de las personas que son directamente aquejadas.
La habitabilidad y la transdisciplinariedad
Authors: Espinosa Zurita Mónica
Published: September 2017

Este artículo aborda la habitabilidad, el espacio habitado y las acciones  propias del habitante en una casa. Estos tres elementos interactúan de  manera dinámica permanente en diferentes momentos de vida. El objetivo es hacer una reflexión sobre la habitabilidad, incorporando a la arquitectura elementos psicológicos, sociales, antropológicos para mejorar la vida y la salud del habitante de la ciudad. Se plantean aspectos perceptuales, sociales, institucionales y culturales que construyen identidades y fortalecen el ser personal y grupal, manifestándose en costumbres, ritos, narrativas, huellas de memorias, significantes, significados y en los objetos que los acompañan.
Instructivo para la Publicación de Artículos
Authors: UCR REVISTARQUIS
Published: September 2017

Normas e instrucciones para la publicación de artículos.
Termas de la Garita
Authors: Berrocal Murillo Alejandro
Published: September 2017

Termas de la Garita es un proyecto académico del Taller de Diseño opción Arquitectura Tropical, del último nivel de la Carrera de Arquitectura de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR). Este se desarrolló en conjunto con el Laboratorio de Arquitectura Tropical (LAT) de la Escuela de Arquitectura para un  control importante de las variables bioclimáticas del proyecto que contempla un complejo de termas en una zona de clima cálido-húmedo de Costa Rica.
Posztoperatív vertigo vizsgálata stapedotomián és stapedectomián átesett betegeknél
Authors: Harmat Kinga , Thurén Gergely , Simon László , Nepp Nelli , Németh Adrienn , Gerlinger Imre , Bakó Péter
Published: September 2017

Abstract:

Introduction and aim: The reason of gradually developing conductive hearing loss in otosclerotic patients is the ossification of the stapes footplate to the surrounding bony structures and the therapy of stapes fixation is mainly surgical. In stapedotomy the footplate of the stapes is fenestrated with laser and microdrill in a diameter of 0.8 mm, whereas in stapedectomy there is complete removal of the footplate followed by the reconstruction of the ossicular chain. In the early postoperative period, temporary vertigo is frequently recorded which significantly influences the recovery. Method: In the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pécs both stapedectomy and stapedotomy were performed on a daily basis between 01.02.2010 and 15.03.2012. Our study focused on comparing the degree of postoperative vertigo after the two types of surgery. We hypothesized that the smaller fenestration of the stapes footplate during stapedotomy limits exposure to the inner ear reducing the severity of dizziness. Vertigo was evaluated subjectively with a retrospective questionnaire and objectively with static posturography. Results: On the 1st postoperative day, significantly fewer patients reported vertigo in the stapedotomy group and with significantly lower intensity. Results of the questionnaire regarding the later postoperative period showed no significant differences between the groups. Based on the analysis of the posturography test results, no significant difference was detected between the postoperative stability of the two groups. Results of the questionnaire and the posturography showed no correlation. Posturography test results did not confirm the presence of subjective vertigo. Conclusion: Many factors may play a role in the development of vertigo after stapes surgery, but the type of intervention does not influence it. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(38): 1503–1511.
A proteção social no campo da seguridade à luz do discurso solidarista
Authors: Zucchetti Dinora Tereza , Marçal Patricia Fontes
Published: September 2017

O ensaio de revisão bibliográfica e estudo de legislações de base tem por objetivo demonstrar a forma como o Discurso Solidarista oferece substrato para a emergência do conceito de   Seguridade Social, no Brasil contemporâneo. Parte de uma breve apresentação histórica da Previdência Social buscando, a partir daí, situar o atual sistema de Seguridade Social brasileiro constituído pelo tripé da Previdência Social, Saúde e Assistência Social. Atualiza questões de longa data – patrimonialismo, verticalidade e exclusão social – que produzem, ainda hoje, marcas profundas nas populações pior situadas social e economicamente, e que sofrem, também, os reflexos de um modelo de sociedade subserviente ao capitalismo internacional, globalizado. Mesmo mediante um quadro histórico e econômico pouco promissor o ensaio reafirma a proteção da cidadania enquanto direito constitucional.  Contudo, não se exime em chamar a atenção para os limites de uma proteção social onde o conceito de solidariedade presente no Discurso Solidarista, de caráter  jurídico-político, é limitante e limitador numa sociedade onde controle social é de baixíssima intensidade.
SOLUBLE CD25 AND CD95 MOLECULES LEVEL AT BURNS
Authors: Lebedev M. Ju. , Sholkina M. N. , Novikov D. V. , Shumilova S. V. , Novikov V. V. , Karaulov A. V.
Published: September 2017

Background: Burn injury is accompanied by modulation of the many components of immunity, including the system regulation, which includes soluble forms of leukocyte differentiation molecules. Earlier in burn patients, we detected changes in serum levels of soluble differentiation molecules CD25 (sCD25) and CD95 (sCD25). Despite the existence of data on change of serum level of the soluble molecules CD25 and CD95 in the blood of patients with a burn trauma, there are no data on particular cell producers.Aims: To conduct the analysis of serum level of the molecules sCD25 and sCD95 in the blood of patients with acute burn trauma in comparison with peripheral blood cells composition to obtain data on the types of cells that produce the molecules sCD25 and sCD95.Materials and methods: Blood samples from 24 heavily burnt patients aged 16 to 77 years were studied. Determination of sCD25 and sCD95 molecules serum levels was performed by ELISA. Number of CD45+CD25+ lymphocytes, CD45+CD95+ cells, CD14+CD95+ monocytes, CD16b+CD95+ neutrophils, and RFMI (relative mean fluorescence intensity) was evaluated by flow cytometry.Results: In the first five days of the date of burn sCD25 and sCD95 serum levels tended to increase. sCD25 molecules contents in the blood of surviving and dead patients did not depend on the relative content of CD45+CD25+ lymphocytes, RFMI index, but correlated with the absolute level of lymphocytes and leukocytes. Serum levels of sCD95 molecules showed the dependence on the absolute neutrophil count and leukocytes in the survivors and on the absolute content of lymphocytes, neutrophils, and leukocytes in patients who died.Conclusions: The findings suggest that the lymphocytes in the early period of burn disease are the main cells-producers of sCD25 and affect the increase of its content in the blood serum not due to changes in the density of CD25 molecules expression on their membrane followed by increased shedding but by increasing the number of CD25 positive cells. The main cells-producers of sCD95 molecules for survivors in the early period of burn disease are likely to be the neutrophils and lymphocytes; in the dead patients, the main producers are neutrophils.
PLAGIARISM AND ACADEMIC INTEGRITY IN SCIENCE
Authors: Byvaltsev V. A. , Stepanov I. A. , Belykh E. G. , Kalinin A. A. , Bardonova L. A.
Published: September 2017

The review presents an analysis of contemporary literary data on the problem of plagiarism and violations of the standard codes of scholarly conduct and ethical principles, as well as methods to combat them. Academic integrity includes a set of spiritual values such as honesty, justice, trust, respect, and responsibility, as well as ideal samples which all the participants of the scientific and educational processes should follow. Violations of the principles of academic integrity are a number of incorrect actions performed by any participant of scientific or educational process. Plagiarism is an element of misconduct in academic sphere. The category of scientific plagiarism includes obvious and unobvious scientific plagiarism. The specific aspects of the problem are self-plagiarism and mosaic plagiarism. The developed anti-violation strategies and recommendations should provide guidelines and instructions for improving the level of academic knowledge of all the participants of scientific and educational processes. A modern and effective method for combating plagiarism is online text detection for originality, although this technique is not free from shortcomings. The fight against academic misconduct should be carried out on the national level: including but not limited with gaining new knowledge, training skills, and formation of professional and general cultural values at all the levels of scientific and educational processes. Further development of universal training modules which provide information on the goals of academic integrity, the most frequent reasons that lead to its violation, types of violations, how to deal with them, and possible consequences is requested. Such reference data should be widely available; introduction of new knowledge and control on implementation of its key provisions should be an integral part of modern Russian academic education.
GLUTATHIONE AND GLUTAREDOXIN IN ROSCOVITINE-MEDIATED INHIBITION OF BREAST CANCER CELL PROLIFERATION
Authors: Shakhristova E. V. , Stepovaya E. A. , Nosareva O. L. , Rudikov E. V. , Novitsky V. V.
Published: September 2017

Background: Breast tumors are number one cause of cancer morbidity and mortality among women around the world, and Russia is not an exception. Many proteins that control proliferation of immortalized cells are redox-regulated, which is essential for modulating cellular proliferative activity, especially during tumor growth. Studying the role of glutaredoxin and glutathione in cell cycle phase distribution will allow not only to identify the molecular targets regulating cell proliferation, but also to develop methods of diagnosis and targeted therapy of socially sensitive diseases, including breast cancer, in the future.Aims: To evaluate the role of glutathione and glutaredoxin in the molecular mechanisms regulating MCF-7 breast cancer cell proliferation under the effects of roscovitine, a cyclin-dependent protein kinase inhibitor.Materials and methods: The MCF-7 cell line (human breast adenocarcinoma) was used in the study. The cell culture was incubated in the presence and absence of roscovitine in the final concentration of 20 µmol for 18 h. The production of reactive oxygen species, the distribution of cells between cell cycle phases and the amount of Annexin V positive cells were determined using flow cytometry. The concentrations of total, reduced and oxidized glutathione, protein SH groups and protein-bound glutathione were measured by spectrophotometry. The levels of glutaredoxin, cyclin E and cyclin-dependent protein kinases were estimated by Western blotting with monoclonal antibodies.Results: The effects of roscovitine in the MCF-7 cells resulted in cell cycle arrest in G2/М phases with the decreased levels of cyclin E and cyclin-dependent protein kinase 2. It was accompanied by activation of programmed cell death. In tumor cells incubated in the presence of roscovitine, oxidative stress was triggered, which was accompanied by the elevated generation of reactive oxygen species, the decrease in the concentration of reduced glutathione, and the rise in the level of glutaredoxin. It contributed to the increase in protein glutathionylation against the backdrop of the decreased SH group concentration.Conclusions: Breast cancer cell proliferation under the effects of roscovitine is reduced following not only the decrease in the cyclin level and cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity, but also the shift in the intracellular oxidant/antioxidant ratio. Roscovitine-induced oxidative stress in the MCF-7 cells contributed to protein glutathionylation with the changes in the protein structure and functions. It results in impaired cell cycle progression, indicating a possibility to regulate cellular proliferation through modulating functional properties of redox-dependent proteins using the glutathione/glutaredoxin system.
EFFECTIVENESS OF PALIVIZUMAB IN PREVENTING RSV HOSPITALIZATION IN HIGH-RISK CHILDREN: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL MULTICENTER STUDY
Authors: Chubarova A. I. , Davydova I. V. , Vinogradova I. V. , Degtiareva E. A. , Keshishyan E. S. , Safina A. I. , Nesterenko E. V.
Published: September 2017

Background: Palivizumab is indicated for the prevention of serious respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease in high-risk infants.Aims: The purpose of the study was to assess the real-world effectiveness and safety of palivizumab in children at high risk for serious RSV disease during the 2014−2015 RSV season in the Russian Federation.Methods: A prospective, observational, multicentre, cohort study was conducted in a population of infants at high-risk for serious RSV illness: infants born ≤35 weeks of gestation and infants ≤24 months with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BDP) or congenital heart disease (CHD), who were administered palivizumab immunoprophylaxis in routine clinical settings. The study was conducted at 16 investigational sites of European Russia and Western Siberia.Results: A total of 359 infants were enrolled (180 boys and 179 girls). Of them, 148 (41.2%) infants had BDP, 45 (12.5%) infants had hemodynamically significant CHD, and 166 (46.2%) children of prematurity were at the risk of RSV. The majority of infants (86.9%) received three or more injections during the course of study. Of the 359 participants enrolled, 11 (3.1%; 95% CI 1.5−5.4) patients were hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infection. A RSV diagnostic test was performed in 9 infants, and RSV was detected in one patient giving an overall incidence of RSV hospitalization as 0.3% (95% CI 0.0−1.5).Conclusions: This study showed that immunoprophylaxis with palivizumab was associated with a low rate of RSV hospitalization. Overall, therapy with palivizumab was well-tolerated and showed a favourable benefit-risk profile.
Exp erimental research of wearable artificial kidney
Authors: Bazaev N. A. , Grinvald V. M. , Selishchev S. V. , Kalinov A. V. , Kozachuk A. V. , Kosatkin V. V. , Tyunder F. F. , Federyakin D. V.
Published: September 2017

Aim.The article presents the results of wearable artificial kidney (WAK) biomedical trial based on peritoneal dialysis with continuous dialysate regeneration.

Materials and methods.The trial was carried out on a 15-kg dog. First stage: dialysis was carried out on healthy dog to evaluate effect of WAK on blood biochemical indicators. Second stage: 200 ml of X-ray contrast agent was injected into dog’s bloodstream to simulate acute kidney failure.

Results. During trial (39.5 hours) WAK was performing continuous peritoneal dialysis with dialysis fluid regeneration. During second stage (34 hours) creatinine and uric acid were eliminated from dialysis solution at the rate of 0.3 mg/h, urea was eliminated at the rate of 0.15 g/h, total removed ultrafiltrate volume was 350 ml. At the end of the second stage blood biochemical indicators stabilised in the range of normal values.

Conclusion. Developed WAK can perform continuous blood purification and ultrafiltration with no pathologic impact on blood biochemical indicators.
Pancreas transplantation in the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 1: modern aspects
Authors: Gautier S. V. , Arzumanov S. V.
Published: September 2017

Diabetes mellitus is a significant social problem. In the Russian Federation, the prevalence of diabetes type 1 is 340.000 people, 21% of them having diabetic nephropathy, as well as other secondary complications leading to disability and high mortality. There are several options for diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease dialysis: kidney transplantation with insulin therapy, simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplant or islet transplant. Good long-term results could be obtained by the whole pancreas and kidney combined transplantation through maximum metabolism recovery comparing to other replacement therapy options. The recipientselection with special attention to the cardiovascular system evaluation is essential to successful transplantation. The proper pancreatic graft assessment needs a wide range of criteria to be analyzed. Integral scores can simplify and systematize the assessment. The choice of preservation technique is important to pancreatic graft ischemia-reperfusion injury minimization. Despite the progress in graft preservation methods, cold storage using University of Wisconsin (UW) solution remains to be the gold standard. The evolution of surgical technique has resulted in utilizing the most physiologic variations of exocrine drainage and venous outflow of the pancreas, so-called portoenteric drainages, which were designed to improve remote metabolic effects and to reduce complications probability.
Influence of coal properties on the performance of fixed-bed coal-burning braziers
Authors: Makonese Tafadzwa , Masekameni Daniel M. , Annegarn Harold J.
Published: September 2017

Informal fixed-bed coal-burning braziers are used extensively in low-income communities of South Africa for space-heating and cooking needs. An investigation was carried out on the effects of coal moisture content and coal quality on the thermal and emissions performance of domestic coal-burning braziers in three field-procured braziers (with three different air ventilation rates), using the bottom-lit updraft (BLUD) and top-lit updraft (TLUD) ignition methods. Results showed that an increase in coal moisture content (from 2.4 wt.% to 8.6 wt.%) led to 18% and 30% decreases in fire-power when using the TLUD and BLUD methods, respectively. The combustion efficiency increased by 25% with an increase in moisture content. Measured carbon monoxide (CO) emission factors increased with an increase in moisture content, while carbon dioxide (CO2) emission factors remained unchanged. The use of A-grade coal resulted in a 49% increase in PM emissions compared with D-grade coal at high ventilation rates, despite no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) in CO and CO2 emission factors produced between coal grades.