bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
One size will never fit all
Authors: Allingham Sue
Published: August 2019

In the face of change it is important to retain a sharp focus on the important themes underpinning high quality practice. Resisting ‘off the peg’ curricula is all about exercising professional knowledge.
Understanding the adopted child
Authors: Hajittofi Nina
Published: August 2019

Is there an invisible face of suffering when it comes to adoption? Nina Hajittofi explores the evidence for adoptees' hidden trauma and makes a powerful case for greater understanding of their experience and the need for more support from the professionals and family around them.
This month's round-up will inspire children's creativity and support their resilience.
Authors: Hewson Claire
Published: August 2019

There has never been a better time to invest in children's picture books – as this month's round-up of new releases highlights. From the edgy illustrations of Swarm of Bees to the traditional feel of Joseph's Cradle, these lovely books will enliven your book corner.
Can nursery schools survive?
Authors: Bramble Anntoinette
Published: August 2019

Council-maintained nursery schools have a history of supporting the children who need them most but with the grants which cover their additional costs set to run out next year, many of them could face closure.
Waste not, want not
Authors: White Hilary
Published: August 2019

In part two of her series on sustainability, Hilary White suggests ways for children to work together to discover that managing the rubbish we produce can be both fun and good for the environment.
Unobstructed Multiscale Imaging of Tissue Sections for Ultrastructural Pathology Analysis by Backscattered Electron Scanning Microscopy
Authors: Reichelt Mike , Sagolla Meredith , Katakam Anand K. , Webster Joshua D.
Published: August 2019

Ultrastructural analysis of healthy, diseased, or experimental tissues is essential in diagnostic and investigative pathology. Evaluation of large tissue areas with suborganelle resolution is challenging because biological structures ranging from several millimeters to nanometers in size need to be identified and imaged while maintaining context over multiple scales. Imaging with field emission scanning electron microscopes (FE-SEMs) is uniquely suited for this task. We describe an efficient workflow for the preparation and unobstructed multiscale imaging of tissue sections with backscattered electron scanning electron microscopy (BSE-SEM) for applications in ultrastructural pathology. We demonstrate that a diverse range of tissues, processed by conventional electron microscopy protocols and avoiding the use of mordanting agents, can be imaged on standard glass slides over multiple scales, from the histological to the ultrastructural level, without any visual obstructions. Our workflow takes advantage of the very large scan fields possible with modern FE-SEMs that allow for the acquisition of wide-field overview images which can be explored at the ultrastructural level by digitally zooming into the images. Examples from applications in pulmonary research and neuropathology demonstrate the versatility and efficiency of this method. This BSE-SEM-based multiscale imaging procedure promises to substantially simplify and accelerate ultrastructural tissue analysis in pathology.
Escuta qualificada como ferramenta de humanização do cuidado em saúde mental na Atenção Básica
Authors: Santos Angelica Brandão
Published: August 2019

Motivação:

A hipótese norteadora da investigação foi a de que a escuta qualificada na atenção primária a saúde é uma ferramenta capaz de revolucionar a lógica biomédica de cuidado.

 

Método:

Este artigo orientou-se pelos preceitos de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, a fim de, coletar, analisar e interpretar aquilo que já foi dito, escrito ou filmado sobre escuta qualificada, cuidados primários e humanização em saúde mental. Posterior ao levantamento bibliográfico a autora efetuou um estudo exploratório com o intuito de elucidar o fenômeno pesquisado através das contribuições teóricas já existentes.

 

Resultados:

A partir do referido estudo, a hipótese norteadora, pode ser comprovada, e os objetivos específicos possibilitaram que o potencial da escuta qualificada enquanto ferramenta de humanização do cuidado fosse explanado no decorrer da pesquisa.

 

Conclusões:

A escuta qualificada possibilita a humanização das práticas de promoção e prevenção, diagnóstico, tratamento e reabilitação em saúde mental, ou seja, possibilita que neste contexto que consideradas as circunstâncias sociais, éticas, educacionais e psíquicas dos sujeitos envolvidos.
Satisfação do atendimento fisioterápico disponibilizado pelo Núcleo de Apoio à Saude da Família
Authors: Mattos Juliana Gonçalves Silva de , Rodrigues Soares Keren Cristina
Published: August 2019

Pergunta:

Avaliar a satisfação dos pacientes quanto aos serviços de fisioterapia.

 

Método:

Estudo quantitativo realizado com 32 pacientes atendidos pelo programa no município de Coromandel-MG, entre janeiro e fevereiro de 2018. A coleta de dados deu-se por aplicação do questionário sociodemográfico e da identificação da satisfação dos pacientes quanto ao atendimento fisioterapêutico. A análise dos dados foi feita de forma descritiva, com auxílio do software SPSS, versão 18.0.

 

Resultados:

Os entrevistados possuíam média de 72,2 anos de idade, viviam em união estável, com primeiro grau incompleto, renda familiar entre 1-3 salários mínimos advindos da aposentadoria, juntamente com benefícios da previdência social; sem plano de saúde. Uma pequena parte fazia duas ou mais sessões semanais de fisioterapia, sendo a maior demanda neurológica. Os fisioterapeutas realizam um atendimento com gentileza e que respeitam à privacidade durante o atendimento, mas que são insuficientes.

 

Conclusões:

Mesmo com os empecilhos encontrados, a satisfação geral relativa à experiência com a fisioterapia foi considerada entre boa a excelente.
Programa Nacional de Melhoria da Qualidade e do Acesso da Atenção Básica: avaliando o processo de trabalho das equipes do Espírito Santo
Authors: Almeida da Silva Rocha Paula , Marabotti Costa Leite Franciéle , Ferreira de Almeida Barbosa Bruna Lígia , De Cássia Duarte Lima Rita
Published: August 2019

Pergunta:

Esse trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar o processo de trabalho das equipes de Atenção Básica participantes do primeiro ciclo do PMAQ-AB no Espírito Santo.

 

Método:

Trata-se de estudo descritivo de abordagem quantitativa, que utilizou dados secundários da avaliação externa do PMAQ-AB, no ano de 2012, referente a 321 equipes do ES. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descrita e intervalo de confiança de 95%.

 

Resultados:

Das equipes avaliadas, 87,9% realizaram o planejamento das ações; 80,5% relatam receber apoio para o planejamento e organização do processo de trabalho; 96,9% realizam reunião de equipe; e 75,1% receberam o apoio matricial.

 

Conclusões:

Ainda que algumas dimensões tenham apresentado baixos percentuais, observa-se que as equipes do Espírito Santo têm planejado e organizado o processo de trabalho com a realização da autoavaliação para esse fim, recebido apoio institucional, realizado reuniões de equipe e recebido apoio matricial.
Análisis del discurso: de la lexicometría a la fraseología. El caso de los sintagmas nominales en el discurso político colombiano.
Authors: Hernández Bayter Henry
Published: August 2019

Nos proponemos aquí estudiar y analizar con la ayuda de un programa lexicométrico, Lexico 5, los dos textos del acuerdo de paz en Colombia. Nuestro objetivo es poner de manifiesto los diferentes sintagmas nominales que se constituyen y fijan en nuestro corpus de estudio y las estrategias discursivas que se construyen alrededor de ellos.

 

El estudio se centra, por consiguiente, en las formas polilexicales nominales utilizadas en cada texto y en los diferentes campos semánticos que se construyen y gravitan en torno a dichas formas. Se utiliza así los diferentes métodos lexicométricos para identificar las formas o nodos monolexicales que se constituyen en temáticas. Más adelante se explotan el análisis distribucional y las concordancias para extraer las unidades polilexicales y las coocurrencias que forman un contexto frástico que sirve a la construcción de una estrategia discursiva en cada texto. La primera fase nos permitió identificar la forma o nodo “organizaciones” y la segunda fase nos permitió estudiar las formas polilexicales “organizaciones criminales”, “organizaciones de mujeres”, “organizaciones basadas en la fe”, entre otras. Comparando los dos textos, pudimos identificar una estrategia de atenuación de la controversia que se creo alrededor del primer texto y de las diferentes designaciones utilizadas para referirse a los participantes del acuerdo.
Terahertz Emission of Gallium Arsenide on Textured p-type Silicon (100) Substrates Grown via Molecular Beam Epitaxy
Authors: Gonzales Karl Cedric P. , Omambac Karim M. , Prieto Elizabeth Ann P. , Afalla Jessica Pauline C. , Balgos Maria Herminia M. , Jaculbia Rafael B. , Somintac Armando S. , Salvador Arnel A. , Estacio Elmer S.
Published: August 2019

This study presents the terahertz (THz) emission of molecular beam epitaxy (MBE)-grown Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) on surface textured p-type Silicon (p- Si) (100) substrates. Surface texturing was achieved by anisotropic wet chemical etching using 5% wt Potassium Hydroxide (KOH): Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) (50:1) solution for 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes. Reflectivity measurements for the textured p-Si(100) substrates indicated that the overall texturing increases with longer etching times. Raman spectroscopy of the post-growth samples confirmed GaAs growth. The THz emission intensities were the same order of magnitude. The GaAs grown on p-Si(100) textured for 60 minutes exhibited the most intense THz emission attributed to the increased absorption from a larger surface-to-volume ratio due to surface texturing. All GaAs on textured p-Si(100) samples had frequency bandwidth of ~2.5 THz.
Mapping Various Cooking Oil using Fluorescence Polarization
Authors: Firdausi Ketut Sofjan , Afiefah I. , Sugito Heri , Azam Much.
Published: August 2019

In this report we have succeeded to map various cooking oils using change of fluorescence polarization. Various cooking oils consisted of several vegetables oils and animal oils (chicken oil and lard) were used in the experiment, and some oils were measured in two different times. The change of polarization angle &tetha; was measured as the difference between linear polarized green pointer laser as incoming light and fluorescence light using a pair of polarizers. The direct measurement of fluorescence polarization gives a new unique result of critical polarizer’s angle φc that can group vegetable cooking oils into group 1 (at φc = 10o for VCO, olive, and soybean), group 2 (at φc = 20o for palm, corn and rice bran), group 3 (at φc = 30o for sunflower and canola), and also animals cooking oils into group 4 (at φc = 20o for chicken oil), and group 5 (at φc = 40o for lard). Mostly cooking oils can be distinguished using modified maps. The large difference φc and &tetha; of lard from vegetable oils provides an advantage to develop for testing halal oil due to lard contamination. The capability of this method has benefits, at least, as a complement and simple method in comparison to other expensive sophisticated instruments such as fluorescence spectroscopy or GCMS methods with their derivation’s instruments.
The Peripheral Experiences and Positionalities of Korean New Zealander Returnees
Authors: Lee Jane Yeonjae
Published: August 2019

This article examines the peripheral experiences of skilled return migrants in their homeland and the wider social implications of global knowledge transfer. Through a case study of Korean New Zealander returnees, I argue that the process of skill transfer is not easy, as shown by the returnees’ difficulties and social alienation. Korean New Zealander returnees have a more alienated experience than Koreans of similar backgrounds returning from other Western countries.
Decline of Insurgency in Pakistan’s FATA
Authors: Akhtar Shahzad
Published: August 2019

The Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan insurgency seriously challenged the Pakistani government’s writ of state in FATA from 2004 to 2008. However, by 2017, the insurgency collapsed. This paper argues that Pakistan’s counterinsurgency campaign after 2009 caused the decline of the Taliban insurgency by targeting the TTP through a true counterinsurgency operation, rather than the conventional warfare tactics used earlier. This counterinsurgency shift involved a more judicious use of force, rather than simply more force, and deployed both enemy-centric and population-centric approaches, but with a marked emphasis on the former over the latter.
Crosstalk of BMP-4 and RA signaling pathways on Pomc gene regulation in corticotrophs
Authors: Nieto Leandro , Fuertes Mariana , Rosmino Josefina , Senin Sergio , Arzt Eduardo
Published: August 2019

Retinoic acid (RA), an active metabolite of Vitamin A, and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4) pathways control the transcription of pro-opiomelanocortin (Pomc), the precursor of ACTH. We describe a novel mechanism by which RA and BMP-4 act together in the context of pituitary corticotroph tumoral cells to regulate Pomc transcription. BMP-4 and RA exert a potentiated inhibition on Pomc gene expression. This potentiation of the inhibitory action on Pomc transcription was blocked by the inhibitory SMADs of the BMP-4 pathway (SMAD6 and SMAD7), a negative regulator of BMP-4 signaling (TOB1) and a blocker of RA pathway (COUP-TFI). AtT-20 corticotrophinoma cells express RA receptors (RARB, RXRA and RXRG) which associate with factors of BMP-4 (SMAD4 and SMAD1) signaling cascade in transcriptional complexes that block Pomc transcription. COUP-TFI and TOB1 disrupt these complexes. Deletions and mutations of the Pomc promoter and a specific DNA-binding assay show that the complexes bind to the RARE site in the Pomc promoter. The enhanced inhibitory interaction between RA and BMP-4 pathways occurs also in another relevant corticotroph gene promoter, the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 (Crh-r1). The understanding of the molecules that participate in the control of corticotroph gene expression contribute to define more precise targets for the treatment of corticotrophinomas.
Exclusion and Genomic Relatedness Methods for Assignment of Parentage Using Genotyping-by-Sequencing Data
Authors: Dodds Ken G , McEwan John C , Brauning Rudiger , van Stijn Tracey C , Rowe Suzanne J , McEwan K Mary , Clarke Shannon M
Published: August 2019

Genotypes are often used to assign parentage in agricultural and ecological settings. Sequencing can be used to obtain genotypes but does not provide unambiguous genotype calls, especially when sequencing depth is low in order to reduce costs. In that case, standard parentage analysis methods no longer apply. A strategy for using low-depth sequencing data for parentage assignment is developed here. It entails the use of relatedness estimates along with a metric termed excess mismatch rate which, for parent-offspring pairs or trios, is the difference between the observed mismatch rate and the rate expected under a model of inheritance and allele reads without error. When more than one putative parent has similar statistics, bootstrapping can provide a measure of the relatedness similarity. Putative parent-offspring trios can be further checked for consistency by comparing the offspring’s estimated inbreeding to half the parent relatedness. Suitable thresholds are required for each metric. These methods were applied to a deer breeding operation consisting of two herds of different breeds. Relatedness estimates were more in line with expectation when the herds were analyzed separately than when combined, although this did not alter which parents were the best matches with each offspring. Parentage results were largely consistent with those based on a microsatellite parentage panel with three discordant parent assignments out of 1561. Two models are investigated to allow the parentage metrics to be calculated with non-random selection of alleles. The tools and strategies given here allow parentage to be assigned from low-depth sequencing data.
On a generalized SVEIR epidemic model under regular and adaptive impulsive vaccination
Authors: Nistal Raul , De la Sen Manuel , Alonso-Quesada Santiago , Ibeas Asier
Published: August 2019

A model for a generic disease with incubation and recovered stages is proposed. It incorporates a vaccinated subpopulation which presents a partial immunity to the disease. We study the stability, periodic solutions and impulsive vaccination design in the generalized modeled system for the dynamics and spreading of the disease under impulsive and non-impulsive vaccination. First, the effect of a regular impulsive vaccination on the evolution of the subpopulations is studied. Later a non-regular impulsive vaccination strategy is introduced based on an adaptive control law for the frequency and quantity of applied vaccines. We show the later strategy improves drastically the efficiency of the vaccines and reduce the infectious subpopulation more rapidly over time compared to a regular impulsive vaccination with constant values for both the frequency and vaccines quantity.
“Nowy Czas” (“New Time”): A Puzzling Journal for the Polish Intelligentsia in the UK (2006–2013)
Authors: Chwastyk-Kowalczyk Jolanta
Published: August 2019

The article discusses issues published in New Time (Nowy Czas), the free periodical addressed to the Polish intelligentsia in the UK, coming out since 2006 until today in London. It is the only magazine - currently 32-page long monthly - representing the segment of elite cultural and social press for Polish émigré in the United Kingdom, consciously embedded in a wider European political reality. It has an interactive online version: nowyczas.co.uk. The mission of its founders – Grzegorz Małkiewicz and Teresa Bazarnik - is to inform about relevant events in the country and around the world, but above all, to create the Polish community in the UK. The assumed recipient is an educated Pole who is proficient in English and open to biculturalism. The texts written in the islanders' language are intended for the Polish people born in the United Kingdom and their British friends. It is an independent, reliable magazine trusted by the readers. Due to its "over curricular" activities (beyond the scope of regular editorial operations), it has a chance to become the Salon and Advocate of the high culture. The best proof for this argument is the ARTeria appendix. Moreover, New Time engages in pro bono activities in favour of the Polish community living in the British Isles. The most relevant issues, in addition to the widely meant culture, encompass education at all levels and high moral norms giving the readers a sense of the uniqueness of their time, the new time. Finally, there is the first long awaited magazine targeted at educated Poles.
The Language of Medical Advertising Materials
Authors: Briaukienė Birutė
Published: August 2019

Increasingly audacious steps in advertising are made to affect the customer and to encourage them to buy the advertised goods. Advertising is highly important in gaining a foothold in the business environment. Usually, the advertising texts fail to meet the norms of the standard Lithuanian language. The aim of this article is to compare the language of the advertising booklets of two pharmacies.The linguistic analysis of the advertising booklets of Camelia and Euro Pharmacy for March 2014 showed that in terms of language errors the booklets of the two pharmacies were similar, and the character of the errors was identical in both cases. The advertising booklets of both pharmacies contained lexical, syntactic, morphological, and logical errors. The advertising booklet of the Camelia pharmacy presents 121 items, which advertising descriptions contain 55.3% of language errors. The advertising booklet of the EuroPharmacy presents advertising descriptions of 103 items, where language errors comprise 57.2%. The majority of the errors detected in the advertising booklets of the two pharmacies are lexical (Camelia – 33.8%, and Euro Pharmacy – 37.3%) or syntactic (Camelia – 27.9%, and Euro Pharmacy – 37.3%). Both publications contain nearly equal numbers of lexical errors (Camelia – 17.6%, and Euro Pharmacy – 18.7%). The greatest difference was observed in the number of morphological errors (Camelia – 20.7%, and Euro Pharmacy – 5.7%).In addition to that, the name of the Camelia pharmacy is in conflict with the norms of both Lithuanian and Latin languages.
How to Research Culture? About Cultural Turns: New Trends in Cultural Studies Doris Bachmann-Medick
Authors: Borowski Dominik
Published: August 2019

BACHMANN-MEDICK, Doris. Cultural turns. Nowe kierunki w naukach o kulturze. Przeł. Krystyna Krzemieniowa. Warszawa: Oficyna Naukowa, 2012. 502 ss. ISBN 978-83-7737-040-7
About Linguistic Introspection as a Method of Scientific Research (Self-Observation Experience)
Authors: Palatovska Olena
Published: August 2019

The article considers introspection as a subject and method of the current linguistic research. The author of the article has undertaken an attempt to describe the introspective analysis of her own conscience directed to comprehension of the aims, problems and methods of scientific research at their initial stage. The background of this description was the newest research in the sphere of psycholinguistics, cognitive science, and discourse analysis. Algorithm of occurrence of scientific interest to a certain linguistic problem, as well as of development of its own theoretical research, comprises the following stages: observation of a certain lingual material, introspective analysis of personal reflections with the aim of constructing the research hypothesis, experimental checkup of relevance of the given hypothesis by way of referring to consciousness of other native speakers.
Conceptually-Pragmatic Aspect of the Neighbourhood Discourse Implementation (in the Materials of Riga Newspaper “Today” at th Beginning of 20th Century)
Authors: Kurpniece Rozanna
Published: August 2019

The article examines the conceptual-pragmatic aspect of the realization of the discourse of neighbourhood in the Riga’s city newspaper Segodnya (Today) from 1923 to 1925. The mainrepresentatives of the discourse are the utterances containing the word/concept “neighbour”. The analysis revealed that the word/concept “neighbour” in the communicative space of the newspaper demonstrates the dynamics of the meanings that can be explained by a variety of linguistic and extra-linguistic phenomena. The conceptual dominants of the discourse of the neighbourhood are defined by the following factors: the specifics of a particular event, the manner of introduction of the role behaviour of participants, the distribution of the communicative roles. The choice by a speaker of a particular pragmatic type of “wrapping” of an event in the process of organization of the utterances containing the unit of “neighbour” is subjected to the goals of the creation of the effect of greater reliability as well as strengthening the level of information significance for a potential addressee. The inclusion of the addressee into the eventful space of the discourse is one of the forms of attraction of attention from the side of the speaker towards the socially significant phenomena.
The Concept of Equivalence and Translation Techniques in the Poststructuralists’ Theories of Translation
Authors: Salmeri Claudio
Published: August 2019

This article studies the development of the translation theories in the second half of the twentieth century, a period during which significant theoretical contributions were made in translation circles. These contributions had a profound impact on the practice of translation. The individuals who contributed to the present state of translation theory worked in translation circles, and this article examines their contributions. A selected history of theoretical developments, focusing on the most important ideas relevant to translation work, is presented in order to examine the impact of such theories on the practice of translation. It has become commonplace to believe that the deconstructionist and poststructuralist views on translation have opened new perspectives in Translation Studies. The aim of this paper is to highlight the main tenets of the major authors of these theories. The attention is especially drawn to a well-known controversy related to the concept of equivalence and translation strategies. This paper presents the main criticism made by the poststructuralist translation views on interpretation. Finally, some conclusions are drawn.
Post-Colonial Issues of Modern Russian Literature
Authors: Shafranskaya Eleonora
Published: August 2019

The article discusses the controversial reception of the terms “colonial” and “post-colonial”, used in the modern studies of postcolonial discourse. The author provides the analysis of the works of the modern Russian literature that focus on the post-colonial issues, or, to be more exact, the post-orientalistic judgment of the Soviet and imperial problems (Andrey Volos’s prose, Dina Rubina, Arkan Kariv, Larisa Bau, Sukhbat Aflatuni, Adel Khairov whose works contain the elements of traditional Orientalism as well as post-Said Orientalism). This article provides an overview (with arguments and illustrative material of interdisciplinary nature) of the specificity and techniques of the modern post-colonial Russian literature. In particular, it analyses the metaphor of stagnation – lethargic hospital – and the reception of enantiosemy; considers the image of the place genius loci, which is leaving or have already departed from the real world not physically but mentally, and the former locus of the former Soviet empire; places the emphasis on the post-colonial reflection of the modern novelists, a post factum wish to understand the reasons of post-imperial problems.
Elements of Dystopian Fiction in the Modern Lithuanian Prose
Authors: Buividavičiūtė Lina
Published: August 2019

The theoretical problems and practical analysis of utopia and its subgenre dystopia are widely known in the global cultural discourse. Nevertheless, these analyses still remains almost terra incognita in the studies of Lithuanian prose. The aim of this article is to analyse and compare the ambivalent elements in these novels: Vilniaus pokeris (Vilnius Poker) by R. Gavelis, Užkeiktas miestas (The Town under the Spell) by R. Lankauskas, and Anapus rytojaus (Beyond Tomorrow) by J. Jankus. This article is based on the hermeneutical methodology and the context of existentialism. The theoretical part of the article “Dystopian World” describes the main sources, features, and polemical issues of genre. The first practical part “The Social-Historical Subordinated Dystopia in Lithuanian Literature” analyses the concrete historical and cultural features of the dystopian genre. The features of ontological-existential dystopia are described in the second practical part of the paper.
“The Master and Margarita” as a “Strong” Text of Russian Culture: Translation Aspect
Authors: Razumovskaya Veronica
Published: August 2019

The paper deals with the original inexhaustibility and translation multiplicity as new literary translation categories. Particular attention is paid to the information ambiguity of “strong” literary texts, which directly results in the generation of numerous centres of translation attraction. A “strong” text of Russian culture The Master and Margarita and its secondary texts resulting from the performed interlingual and intersemiotic translations served as the material for the present study. The centre of translation attraction, which is formed from the Bulgakov’s text, is considered from the standpoint of translation theory and literary criticism, which corresponds to the universal scientific principle of complementarity and provides a complementary approach to the “strong” text as a research object. The formation and further functioning of the centres of translation attraction is of particular interest in the case of using a “strong” literary text of Russian culture as an attractor of literary translation due to the traditional literocentrism of the Russian culture. Numerous translations of the novel provides “expendability” of a culturally significant text in the temporal and cultural spaces and serve as a guarantee of its “preservation” and survival.
A Pivotal Response Treatment Package for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: An RCT
Authors: Gengoux Grace W. , Abrams Daniel A. , Schuck Rachel , Millan Maria Estefania , Libove Robin , Ardel Christina M. , Phillips Jennifer M. , Fox Melanie , Frazier Thomas W. , Hardan Antonio Y.
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVES:

Our aim was to conduct a randomized controlled trial to evaluate a pivotal response treatment package (PRT-P) consisting of parent training and clinician-delivered in-home intervention on the communication skills of children with autism spectrum disorder.

METHODS:

Forty-eight children with autism spectrum disorder and significant language delay between 2 and 5 years old were randomly assigned to PRT-P (n = 24) or the delayed treatment group (n = 24) for 24 weeks. The effect of treatment on child communication skills was assessed via behavioral coding of parent-child interactions, standardized parent-report measures, and blinded clinician ratings.

RESULTS:

Analysis of child utterances during the structured laboratory observation revealed that, compared with the delayed treatment group, children in PRT-P demonstrated greater improvement in frequency of functional utterances (F1,41 = 6.07; P = .026; d = 0.61). The majority of parents in the PRT-P group (91%) were able to implement pivotal response treatment (PRT) with fidelity within 24 weeks. Children receiving PRT-P also demonstrated greater improvement on the Brief Observation of Social Communication Change, on the Clinical Global Impressions Improvement subscale, and in number of words used on a parent-report questionnaire.

CONCLUSIONS:

This is the first 24-week randomized controlled trial in which community treatment is compared with the combination of parent training and clinician-delivered PRT. PRT-P was effective for improving child social communication skills and for teaching parents to implement PRT. Additional research will be needed to understand the optimal combination of treatment settings, intensity, and duration, and to identify child and parent characteristics associated with treatment response.
DIESEL ENGINE OPERATION IN USE OF FUEL WITH ADDITIVES
Authors: Kazakov Petar , Iliev Atanas , Marinov Emil
Published: August 2019

Over the decades, more attention has been paid to emissions from the means of transport and the use of different fuels and combustion fuels for the operation of internal combustion engines than on fuel consumption. This, in turn, enables research into products that are said to reduce fuel consumption. The report summarizes four studies of fuel-related innovation products. The studies covered by this report are conducted with diesel fuel and usually contain diesel fuel and three additives for it. Manufacturers of additives are based on already existing studies showing a 10-30% reduction in fuel consumption. Comparative experimental studies related to the use of commercially available diesel fuel with and without the use of additives have been performed in laboratory conditions. The studies were carried out on a stationary diesel engine СМД-17КН equipped with brake КИ1368В. Repeated results were recorded, but they did not confirm the significant positive effect of additives on specific fuel consumption. In some cases, the factors affecting errors in this type of research on the effectiveness of fuel additives for commercial purposes are considered. The reasons for the positive effects of such use of additives in certain engine operating modes are also clarified.
Key words: diesel fuel, diesel fuel additives, engine efficiency.
TRENDS AND PERSPECTIVES OF HOT METHODS FOR RECONDITIONING OF WEAR DETAILS
Authors: Todorov Iliya , Stoyanov Mitko , Nikolov Mitko , Ivanov Vladislav
Published: August 2019

The structure, trends and perspectives in development of hot methods as such used for
reconditioning of worn details during the new Millennium are presented in the article as well as trends in production of consumables in industrially developing countries. The structure of welding methods is also shown giving priority to its development until 2020.
Applicability of ELISA methods for high gluten-containing samples
Authors: Schall E. , Bugyi Zs. , Hajas L. , Török K. , Tömösközi S.
Published: August 2019

Quantitation of gluten in gluten-free products is a great challenge as it is hindered by several factors including the lack of certified reference materials. To resolve this problem, our research group, in cooperation with other international experts, started a series of experiments with the goal of the production of a suitable gluten reference material. As a part of this research, several different wheat cultivars and their isolated gluten proteins were characterized by different methods, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). However, we need to know the performance of the ELISA methods used for this special area of research. During the present work we investigated the accuracy and precision of two different ELISA methods for our own laboratory conditions and special sample matrices (wheat flours and gliadin isolate). We have found that the tested performance characteristics of the methods seem to be appropriate on a case-by-case basis, but the long-term measurement uncertainty is higher, which makes it difficult to evaluate the results obtained with the ELISA method for these types of samples.
Phytochemical profile, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of olive leaf extracts from autochthonous Tunisian cultivars
Authors: Essafi H. , Trabelsi N. , Benincasa C. , Tamaalli A. , Perri E. , Zarrouk M.
Published: August 2019

The aim of the present study was to investigate the biological activities of Tunisian olive leaf extracts and to correlate these activities to their phytochemical composition. The phenolic profile of four Tunisian autochthonous cultivars Chemlali, Sayali, Neb jmel, and Meski was determined using LC/MS-MS. The antioxidant activity of olive leaf extracts was evaluated using DPPH test. The antiproliferative effect was also investigated using MTT assay. The phytochemical screening showed that phenolic content and phenolic class repartition were significantly affected by olive leaf cultivars. Twenty-one components were identified and oleurpein, luteolin 4-glucoside, luteolin 7-glucoside, and apigenin 7-glucoside were the major phenolic components. Among all extracts, Sayali exhibited the strongest antioxidant and antiproliferative activities (IC50 41.36 µg ml−1 / EC50 147.11 µg ml−1). The MTT result showed that olive leaf extract reduced MCF-7 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot analysis demonstrated that olive leaf extracts exhibited antiproliferative activity through apoptosis induction.
Inhibition of postharvest gray mould decay and induction of disease resistance by Pseudomonas fluorescens in grapes
Authors: Jiang M.Y. , Wang Z.R. , Chen K.W. , Kan J.Q. , Wang K.T. , Zalán Zs. , Hegyi F. , Takács K. , Du M.Y.
Published: August 2019

After suffering from mechanical injury and fungal infection, grapes are perishable. Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of gray mould, is a critical pathogen for grapes. In this study, the inhibitory effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens on the formation of gray mould on grapes during the postharvest storage was investigated on “Kyoho” grape. The results suggest that a living cell suspension of P. fluorescens significantly inhibited spore germination of B. cinerea, and significantly reduced the incidence of grape gray mould. Moreover, compared with the control, the fruit inoculated with P. fluorescens had elevated activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chitinase (CHI), and β-1,3-glucanase (GLU). Increase in enzyme activity correlated with enhanced host resistance. In addition, there was little difference in storage quality between the treated group and control group, indicating no adverse effects of the induced defence response on fruit quality.
Evaluation of sensory and antioxidant properties of commercial coffee substitutes
Authors: Torma A. , Orbán Cs. , Bodor Zs. , Benedek Cs.
Published: August 2019

Sensory profiles of commercial coffee substitutes were determined and their possible interdependences with antioxidant characteristics (FRAP, DPPH, ABTS, and CUPRAC), total polyphenol content, and colour were investigated and compared to coffees. Statistically relevant relations were revealed between certain sensory attributes, colour, and antioxidant capacity.

Sensory attributes show distinct patterns for coffees, their blends, and substitutes, but no significant differences between substitutes from different raw materials were found, except for chicory. Although coffees have generally higher antioxidant capacities than their substitutes, these latter, especially chicory-based products, are also valuable antioxidant sources, as only half of them had significantly lower polyphenol and antioxidant contents when compared to coffee.

Principal component analysis was applied to reveal possible differentiation pattern between samples, based on both their sensory and antioxidant attributes.
Quality and thermal characterization of glutenin-rich fractions of wheat flour (Triticum aestivum) obtained by different extraction methods
Authors: Savi L.K. , Goltz C. , Kaspchak E. , Oliveira M.A.S. , Igarashi-Mafra L. , Mafra M.R.
Published: August 2019

Wheat gluten is mainly responsible for the structural characteristics of bakery products. When studying wheat proteins, it is important to use reliable extraction methods. Four different methods of wheat protein extraction were studied, with emphasis on the glutenin-rich fractions. The final quality of the protein fractions was evaluated in terms of denaturation, indirect yield, molecular weight, secondary structure, and thermal profile. Our results indicate that addition of dithiothreitol improves glutenin extraction without interfering with protein secondary structure and denaturation. Different thermal profiles were evidenced for different extraction methods, indicating the selectivity of the processes. Denaturation temperatures of the samples showed differences within about 3 °C, while denaturation enthalpies (ΔH) differed by about 14 kJ µg−1. Data in this paper may provide a broader perspective on how wheat proteins are affected by the extraction method.
A new record of Pseudoryzomys simplex (Winge, 1887) (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae) in the Mineira Forest Zone, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Faria Michel Barros , Bigai Lizandra Regina , Lanes Rayque de Oliveira
Published: August 2019

Pseudoryzomys simplex (Winge, 1887) is a widely distributed rodent in South America, yet it is difficult to capture. In Brazil, it occurs in open areas such as the Chaco, Cerrado, and Caatinga. In the present study, using analyses of owl pellets, we extend the distribution of this species by more than 400 km to southeastern Minas Gerais state, Brazil. This is the first record in the state from the Atlantic Forest and the first record from the municipality of Carangola, which has a Semidecidual Seasonal Forest phytophysiognomy.
POLITICAL REGIONAL TOURISM IN CIVIL SOCIETY PERSPECTIVE (Profile of Development Strategy of Situ Bagendit Tourism Object, Banyuresmi District, Garut Regency, West Java Province)
Authors: Mustapa Hasan
Published: August 2019

The main question of this study is how the politics of tourism development in the Situ Bagendit area is in the perspective of civil society. The theoretical foundation used in this paper is the concept of Civil Society expressed by Janoski (1998: 12) which states that the idea of civil society rests on intensive discourse between the four domains, namely the state, markets, public and private / private. To clarify the understanding of the main statements, it was elaborated through several conceptions about the politics of development and regional tourism with various variations. So that the good relations that are correlational in nature and the relevance between the politics of development are positive and the progress of regional tourism through an effective review of civil society implementation The role of the state is very effective by delegating ownership from the center to the district for the management of Situ Bagendit. In contrast, in the realm of the market there seems to be less contribution. There has not been a productive effort in the public domain for the development of this tourist attraction. Similarly, personal awareness to develop this tourism potential so that going international is still low. Every tourism potential can become a regional icon that is able to compete on an international scale. One of the strategies is with productive development politics in the synergy between the state and related institutions.
Selective feeding on jellyfish organs by Northern Fulmars Fulmarus glacialis
Authors: Byrkjedal Ingvar , Langhelle Gunnar
Published: August 2019

Several marine animals prey extensively on jellyfish in spite of the low energy contents of this type of prey. Northern Fulmars Fulmarus glacialis observed in the Barents Sea feeding on medusae of lion’s mane jellies Cyanea capillata fed from the underside of the jellyfish, eagerly ingesting gonadal tissue as well as oral arms and tentacles, while the gelatinous tissue of the umbrella apparently was neglected by the birds. Gonads, arms and tentacles have about five times higher energetic contents than the tissue of the bell, approaching that of some species of fish. Aggressive defence of their prey and a continued feeding on jellyfish in the presence of discarded fish offal indicated jellyfish to be more than a second choice food for Northern Fulmars. The observations clearly showed that the Fulmars did not primarily feed on organisms associated with jellyfish. Their abundance and slow swimming make jellyfish an easily available prey. Scyphozoan cnidarians may be more important to pelagic seabirds than generally thought.
Ambulation Recovery After Surgery for Metastases to the Femur
Authors: Kim Yongsung , Krishnan Chandra Kumar , Kim Han-Soo , Cho Hwan Seong , Han Ilkyu
Published: August 2019

Background

Postoperative ambulation recovery after surgery for femur metastases has significant implications for not only the patient's quality of life but also administration of further cancer treatment. Thus, identification of preoperative predictors of ambulation recovery is necessary to set appropriate expectations and guide treatment. This study aimed to assess ambulation recovery rate and identify predictors of ambulation recovery in patients undergoing surgery for femur metastases.

Materials and Methods

A total of 244 patients who underwent surgery for femur metastases at our institution were reviewed. Patients were considered ambulatory if they were able to walk independently or walk with aids and nonambulatory if they were wheelchair bound or bedridden. The following potential clinicopathologic factors that might predict postoperative ambulation recovery were evaluated: premorbid general status, cancer burden, and local factors.

Results

A total of 165 patients (68%) regained ambulatory status postoperatively. A multivariate analysis revealed poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (odds ratio [OR], 5.327; p < .001) and nonambulatory premorbid ambulatory status (OR, 7.459; p < .001) as independent predictors of poor ambulation recovery after surgery for femur metastases. Postoperative ambulatory status was significantly associated with postoperative survival time (p < .001).

Conclusion

Postoperative ambulation recovery rate in our cohort was 68%. Premorbid ambulatory status and ECOG performance status are predictors of ambulation recovery in patients undergoing surgery for femur metastases.
SDR Creation and the Real-Bills Doctrine
Authors: Girton Lance
Published: August 2019

The insights gained from the long and detailed study of domestic monetary problems are not always carried over to the study and design of international monetary systems. SOme of the proposals for the creation of international fiat reserve money (e.g. SDR's) would, if implemented, introduce an avoidable instability into the international economy. This instability results from a mechanism logically identical to that exhibited in a domestic banking system run according to the real-bills doctrine.
Total Import and Gross Output Demands in the Context of a Multisector General Equilibrium Model
Authors: Berner Richard
Published: August 2019

In many studies of the determinants of international trade in general, or of import demand in particular, no consideration is given to the fact that imports consist of both final and intermediate goods. Specification on "a" demand for imports, exports, or domestic output is theoretically incorrect, given the existence of intermediate goods that are traded and produced at home. The correct specification involves aggregation of demands over different economic agents for both final and intermediate uses. A "good" belonging to a certain commodity classification is not exclusively either a final or an intermdeiate good. This is particularly true of homogeneous commodities, such as chemicals and rubber. Aggregation over commodities compound the problem.
Differential Responses to Price and Exchange Rate Influences in the Foreign Trade of Selected Industrial Countries
Authors: Wilson John F. , Takacs Wendy E.
Published: August 2019

Determining how trade flows respond to price and exchange rate changes has posed a difficult problem in international economics. The lag with which currency depreciation or price inflation my affect imports and exports has important policy implications, but most work in this area has been somewhat conjectural. Some writers have argues that under a system of fixed exchange rates, trade flows responded differently ro changes in goods' prices then to exchange rate changes, but in the literature at date there is little empirical evidence on this proposition.
On Testing the Significance of a Subset of Coefficients in a Set of Seemingly Unrelated Regressions Using Mixed Estimation
Authors: Swamy P. A. V. B. , Berner Richard
Published: August 2019

Theil's (1971), p. 314 F-test for linear restrictions in the context of joint GLS is generalized in this note to the case in which the mixed estimator is used.
The Effect of Exchange Rate Changes Upon International Price Discrimination
Authors: Kalter Eliot R.J.
Published: August 2019

The recent advent of a regime of flexible exchange rates has emphasized the need for an understanding of the transmission of exchange rate changes to price changes. The extent and circumstanes of the pass through of exchange rate changes to the prices of internationally traded goods has undergone only limited investigation due to theoretical and empirical limitations relevant for such an analysis. Unlike the view of the international price system system which is based on the "law of one price," this paper presents evidence that prolonged devergences between export and domestic price changes for narrowly defined SITC goods within the United States exist and are influences significantly by factors predicted by a model of discriminating monopolist. Theoretically, the elasticity approach, through vulnerable to criticism concerning its partial equilibrium framework, allows a detailed analysis of the effect of exchange rate changes upon the prices of traded goods. The classic graphical analysis, originally presented by G. Haberler, of the effect of an exchange rate change upon the balance of trade, demonstrates the applicability as well as the drawbacks of the elasticity analysis with respect to our interest concerning the price effects of exchange rate changes.