bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Aethiopomyia Malloch (Diptera, Muscidae) with the revision of the type specimens deposited in the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin (Germany) with a key to species
Authors: de Sousa Viviane Rodrigues , Pereira André Fontinelle Magalhães , Couri Márcia Souto
Published: April 2020

Aethiopomyia Malloch (Diptera, Muscidae) is a small genus with occurrence restricted to the Afrotropical region. Only five species are currently known in this genus: A. patersoni Zumpt, 1969, A. williamsi Snyder, 1951, A. arguta (Karsch, 1879), A. steini Curran, 1935, and A. gigas (Stein, 1906). All Aethiopomyia species are large, reaching up to 15 mm, as in A. patersoni and the most visible differences among them are based in the color pattern of the body. The species are mostly yellow, with a broad scutum and abdomen, males and females are dichoptic, the anepimeron is haired and they have stubby spines on the upper side of the palpi. Phylogenetically, Aethiopomyia, together with two other genera restricted to the Afrotropical region, Alluaudinella Giglio-Tos and Ochromusca Malloch, appear to form a monophyletic group, defined by the presence of the remarkably short stubby spines on the upper side of the palpi. Four species deposited in the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin (Germany) were analyzed; three of them are types. Diagnosis for all species, colored illustrations, male dissections and illustrations and a key to separate them are presented herein.
Spread trend of COVID-19 epidemic outbreak in China: using exponential attractor method in a spatial heterogeneous SEIQR model
Authors: Zhu Cheng-Cheng ,   School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China, Zhu Jiang ,   School of Mathematics and Statistics, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
Published: April 2020

In this paper we introduce a method of global exponential attractor in the reaction-diffusion epidemic model in spatial heterogeneous environment to study the spread trend and long-term dynamic behavior of the COVID-19 epidemic. First, we prove the existence of the global exponential attractor of general dissipative evolution systems. Then, by using the existence theorem, the global asymptotic stability and the persistence of epidemic are discussed. Finally, combine with the official data of the COVID-19 and the national control strategy, some numerical simulations on the stability and global exponential attractiveness of the COVID-19 epidemic are given. Simulations show that the spread trend of the epidemic is in line with our theoretical results, and the preventive measures taken by the Chinese government are effective.
Modelling the tri-trophic population dynamics of a host crop (Triticum aestivum; Poaceae), a major pest insect (Sitodiplosis mosellana; Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), and a parasitoid of the pest species (Macroglenes penetrans; Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae): a cohort-based approach incorporating the effects of weather
Authors: Olfert O. , Weiss R.M. , Vankosky M. , Hartley S. , Doane J.F.
Published: April 2020

This paper describes a tri-trophic analysis of the ecological dynamics of a crop, an insect pest, and a natural enemy of the insect pest. Worldwide wheat (Triticum Linnaeus) (Poaceae) production in 2018–2019 was estimated at over 700 million metric tons in 2018–2019. Wheat midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a serious insect pest of wheat, is widely distributed in many parts of the world where wheat production occurs. Macroglenes penetrans (Kirby) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), a parasitoid of S. mosellana, has successfully established in most wheat midge-infested areas. Mechanistic, or process-based, population models were used in this study to assess the interactive population dynamics of the three species, based on their respective life cycles and meteorological factors. The models were validated with survey data from multiple sites over numerous years (1991–2016). These simulation models helped to detail our understanding of the tri-trophic population dynamics and will help guide pest management decisions both prior to the growing season and until wheat heading, when wheat is no longer susceptible to S. mosellana. The associated models also help identify gaps in system knowledge, provide a foundation for evaluating future innovative management options, and evaluate the potential impact of a changing climate.
Work performance and calling as factors influencing job satisfaction among nurse midwives working in the delivery room
Authors: Jung Geum Ah , Kim Moon Jeong
Published: April 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate work performance and calling as determinants of job satisfaction among nurse midwives. Methods: The participants of this study were registered nurse midwives who had worked in the delivery room for more than 6 months. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews, postal mail, and mobile devices. Subjects completed self-report questionnaires from July to August 2017. The dataset was analyzed using descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, analysis of variance, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. Results: The mean score for job satisfaction was 3.42±0.45. Among the sub-factors, income had the lowest score (2.67±0.72) and management of delivery had the highest score (3.81±0.66). Job satisfaction was significantly different according to marital status (t=2.25, p=.028), residential area (t=2.43, p=.016), and cause of job satisfaction (F=2.44, p=.038). Job satisfaction showed a significant positive correlation with work performance (r=.27, p=.001) and calling (r=.57, p<.001). The correlation between work performance and calling was also positive and statistically significant (r=.32, p<.001). Meaning and purpose (β=.48, p<.001) and marital status (β=–.15, p<.025) significantly influenced job satisfaction. The model developed in this study explained 45.3% of variation in job satisfaction. Conclusion: Nurse midwives’ job satisfaction may be enhanced by entrusting them with professional roles and tasks. Above all, it is necessary to develop and provide programs that help nurse midwives connect their jobs with the meaning and purpose of their lives.
Influence of lifestyle, depression, and marital intimacy on quality of life in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Seo Su-Jin , Nho Ju-Hee , Lee Myoungha , Park Youngsam
Published: April 2020

Purpose: This study investigated lifestyle, depression, marital intimacy, and quality of life (QoL) in breast cancer survivors, with the goal of identifying the impacts of these factors on QoL.Methods: A sample of 146 breast cancer survivors was surveyed in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected from March 20 to May 30, 2019, using self-report structured questionnaires at a hospital located in Jeonju, Korea. Data were analyzed using the independent t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression analysis. Participants agreed to complete a face-to-face interview, including administration of the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21-Depression Scale, Marital Intimacy Scale, and Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-Breast Cancer tool.Results: QoL was positively correlated with lifestyle (r=.49, p<.001) and marital intimacy (r=.45, p<.001) and negatively correlated with depression (r=–.72, p<.001). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that depression (β=–0.63, p<.001), marital intimacy (β=0.19, p=.001), and lifestyle (β=0.13, p=.031) had significant effects on the QoL of breast cancer survivors, accounting for 63.3% of variance in related QoL. Conclusion: This study provides insights into how breast cancer survivors’ QoL was influenced by depression, marital intimacy, and lifestyle. To improve the QoL of breast cancer survivors, healthcare providers should consider developing strategies to decrease depression, to increase marital intimacy, and to improve lifestyle.
Factors influencing mothers’ intention to vaccinate their elementary school sons against human papillomavirus
Authors: Park Eun-Young , Kim Tae-Im
Published: April 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing mothers’ intention to vaccinate their elementary-school sons against human papillomavirus (HPV). Methods: The participants were 151 mothers of fourth- to sixth-grade boys at three elementary schools in Daejeon, Korea. The data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 25.0. Descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, the Mann–Whitney U test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis were used. Results: The mothers’ score for intention to vaccinate their sons against HPV was 5.04 out of 7. Self-efficacy (β=.60, p<.001) and subjective norms towards HPV vaccination (β=.30, p<.001) were significant factors influencing mothers’ intention to vaccinate their elementary-school sons against HPV. These factors accounted for 81.0% of HPV vaccination intention among mothers (F=160.84, p<.001). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that to increase the HPV vaccination rate for elementary-school boys, it is necessary to develop intervention strategies to improve mothers’ self-efficacy and subjective norms towards HPV vaccination and to verify the effects of those strategies. This research provides a foundation for designing interventions to increase the HPV vaccination rate of elementary-school boys.
Artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning in women’s health nursing
Authors: Jeong Geum Hee
Published: April 2020

Artificial intelligence (AI), which includes machine learning and deep learning has been introduced to nursing care in recent years. The present study reviews the following topics: the concepts of AI, machine learning, and deep learning; examples of AI-based nursing research; the necessity of education on AI in nursing schools; and the areas of nursing care where AI is useful. AI refers to an intelligent system consisting not of a human, but a machine. Machine learning refers to computers’ ability to learn without being explicitly programmed. Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that uses artificial neural networks consisting of multiple hidden layers. It is suggested that the educational curriculum should include big data, the concept of AI, algorithms and models of machine learning, the model of deep learning, and coding practice. The standard curriculum should be organized by the nursing society. An example of an area of nursing care where AI is useful is prenatal nursing interventions based on pregnant women’s nursing records and AI-based prediction of the risk of delivery according to pregnant women’s age. Nurses should be able to cope with the rapidly developing environment of nursing care influenced by AI and should understand how to apply AI in their field. It is time for Korean nurses to take steps to become familiar with AI in their research, education, and practice.
Effects of uncertainty and spousal support on infertility-related quality of life in women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies
Authors: Lee Hye Shin , Boo Sunjoo , Ahn Jeong-Ah , Song Ju-Eun
Published: April 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of uncertainty and spousal support on infertility-related quality of life in women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies. Methods: In this correlational survey study, 172 infertile women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies for infertility treatment at M hospital in Suwon participated. Data collection took place at the outpatient department of M hospital using a self-report questionnaire from July to August 2019. Data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 28.0. Results: The mean scores for uncertainty, spousal support, and infertility-related quality of life were 28.35 (out of 50), 86.67 (out of 115), and 57.98 (out of 100), respectively. Infertility-related quality of life was positively correlated with spousal support and negatively correlated with uncertainty. According to the regression analysis, infertility-related quality of life was significantly affected by uncertainty, total number of assisted reproductive technology treatments, marriage duration, subjective health status, the financial burden of infertility testing, and the presence of a burdensome person. These variables had an explanatory power of 35.0% for infertility-related quality of life. Conclusion: Uncertainty was an important factor influencing infertility-related quality of life among women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies. It is necessary to develop and implement a nursing intervention program focused on reducing various forms of uncertainty during assisted reproductive procedures and to consider other factors affecting infertility-related quality of life in the clinical setting.
Effects of integrative simulation practice on nursing knowledge, critical thinking, problem-solving ability, and immersion in problem-based learning among nursing students
Authors: Song Young A
Published: April 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of problem-based learning–integrative simulation practice (PBL-ISP) on nursing knowledge, critical thinking, problem-solving ability, and immersion among nursing students. Methods: The study used a nonequivalent control group post-test design. A PBL-ISP educational program was provided to the experimental group, and hands-on practice using a high-fidelity simulator (HFS) was administered to the control group. There were 42 subjects in the experimental group and 40 in the control group. Data were collected during the fall semester of 2019. Using SPSS for Windows version 23.0, data were analyzed in terms of frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, the chi-square test, t-test, and Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: Significant differences between the experimental and control groups were found in nursing knowledge (t=3.67, p<.001), critical thinking (t=3.40, p=.001), problem-solving ability (t=3.52, p=.001) and immersion (t=4.44, p<.001). Conclusion: PBL-ISP was more effective in improving nursing knowledge, critical thinking, problem-solving ability, and immersion than was hands-on practice using an HFS.
Understanding the design rules for a nonintrusive, textile, heart rate monitoring system
Authors: Hughes-Riley Theodore , Hill-Casey Fraser , Oliveira Carlos , Shahidi Arash , Hurley William , Dias Tilak
Published: April 2020

Background and Objectives:

Nonintrusive heart rate (HR) monitoring can be a useful tool for health monitoring. By creating capacitively coupled textile electrodes, a comfortable monitoring system can be integrated into seating or bedding that can monitor HR through clothing. This work empirically studied two factors for a system of this type: the electrode size and the material worn by the subject.

Materials and Methods:

HR measurements were taken using six different sizes of the rectangular textile electrode with four subjects and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the signals were analyzed. A further set of experiments were conducted with a single subject and a fixed electrode size where different materials were worn.

Results:

Electrode size was seen to have a statistically insignificant effect on the collected signal quality. The SNR was also largely unaffected by the worn material type.

Conclusion:

This study provided empirical data relating to two important factors for nonintrusive, textile, and HR monitoring systems. This data will be helpful for designing a seat-based HR monitoring system or to understand the operational limitations of a system of this type.
Precision medicine: Rare diseases and community genetics
Authors: Bittles Alan H.
Published: April 2020

Precision medicine is based on the premise that genomic analysis radically changes the nature and scope of therapeutic medicine. While genome sequencing has revolutionized the study of human disease, to date progress in translating genomic knowledge into treatments for inherited disorders has been less apparent. However, increasing attention on the relationship(s) between rare diseases (RDs) and precision medicine should significantly accelerate this process, as evidenced by the increasing numbers of molecular therapies receiving approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. There are an estimated 7000 RDs, a majority of which affect <1/million people; but, collectively, it has been calculated that in high-income countries ≥1/17 persons have a RD. RDs represent both a significant health challenge and a major economic burden for many affected individuals and their families, and although many are life-threatening, they often remain undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. Unfortunately, global progress in resolving these issues has been hindered by basic problems such as differing national and regional definitions, from a RD prevalence of 1 to 5/10,000 affected persons in Europe and Australia to 1/500,000 in China. There also has been failure to recognize that many RDs originated as founder mutations and are community-specific, an especially important consideration in populations where community endogamy is the rule and close-kin marriage is traditional. The near-global transition from a communicable to a predominantly noncommunicable disease profile has, however, served to highlight the importance of genetics in medicine, and resulted in a rapidly growing focus on RDs. Against this background, collaborative international programs to facilitate the prevention and curative treatment of RDs merit urgent adoption and support.
Knowledge, attitude, and willingness to use and pay for smartphone applications for physical activity among pregnant women
Authors: Mbada Chidozie Emmanuel , Omole Oluwaseun Olayinka , Igwe Chizoba Favour , Olakorede David Bamidele , Fatoye Clara Toyin , Akinwande Olabisi Aderonke , Sanuade Comfort Titilope , Odole Adesola Christiana , Fatoye Francis
Published: April 2020

Background:

A decline in physical activity (PA) during pregnancy, despite its benefits to the mother and fetus, invites concerns for innovative platforms for its implementation. This cross-sectional study assessed knowledge, attitude, and “willingness to use” and “willingness to pay” for smartphone applications (apps) for PA.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 196 consenting pregnant women participated in this study. Eligible respondents were pregnant women who were 18 years and older, on at least a second antenatal visit and uses a mobile phone. Three purposively selected antenatal care facilities were surveyed. A self-developed questionnaire pilot tested for face and content validity was used as the research tool.

Results:

The mean age of the respondents was 27.5 ± 3.42 years, and 52% of them were occasionally engaged in PA. The point prevalence for smartphone use for general purpose and the usability rate of smartphone app were 72.4% and 84.2%, respectively. The rates for willingness to use PA apps for pregnancy and willingness to pay for the apps were 64.3% and 63.8%, respectively. There was a significant association between the attitude of respondents toward smartphone apps use for PA and number of parity (χ
2 = 7.119; P = 0.028). There was no significant association between knowledge of the use of smartphone apps for PA in pregnancy and each of the educational qualification (χ
2 = 13.046; P = 0.523), income (χ
2 = 11.086; P = 0.679), age (χ
2 = 4.552; P = 0.804), gravidity status (χ
2 = 5.302; P = 0.506), and number of parity (χ
2 = 1.878; P = 0.758).

Conclusion:

Nigerian pregnant women have good knowledge, positive attitude, and willingness to use smartphone apps for PA in pregnancy. There was a significant association between the number of parity and each of the attitude and knowledge of the use of smartphone apps for PA.
Detection of coronaviruses in Pteropus & Rousettus species of bats from different States of India
Authors: Yadav Pragya D. , Shete-Aich Anita , Nyayanit Dimpal A. , Pardeshi Prachi , Majumdar Triparna , Balasubramanian R. , Ullas Padinjaremattathil Thankappan , Mohandas Sreelekshmy , Dighe Hitesh , Sawant Pradeep , Patil Savita , Patil Dilip , Gokhale M.D. , Mathapati Basavaraj , Sudeep A.B. , Baradkar Sreekant , Kumar Abhimanyu , Kharde Rutuja , Salve Malvika , Joshi Yash , Gupta Nivedita , Mourya Devendra T.
Published: April 2020

Background & objectives:

Bats are considered to be the natural reservoir for many viruses, of which some are potential human pathogens. In India, an association of Pteropus medius bats with the Nipah virus was reported in the past. It is suspected that the recently emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) also has its association with bats. To assess the presence of CoVs in bats, we performed identification and characterization of bat CoV (BtCoV) in P. medius and Rousettus species from representative States in India, collected during 2018 and 2019.

Methods:

Representative rectal swab (RS) and throat swab specimens of Pteropus and Rousettus spp. bats were screened for CoVs using a pan-CoV reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene. A single-step RT-PCR was performed on the RNA extracted from the bat specimens. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on a few representative bat specimens that were tested positive. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out on the partial sequences of RdRp gene sequences retrieved from both the bat species and complete viral genomes recovered from Rousettus spp.

Results:

Bat samples from the seven States were screened, and the RS specimens of eight Rousettus spp. and 21 Pteropus spp. were found positive for CoV RdRp gene. Among these, by Sanger sequencing, partial RdRp sequences could be retrieved from three Rousettus and eight Pteropus bat specimens. Phylogenetic analysis of the partial RdRp region demonstrated distinct subclustering of the BtCoV sequences retrieved from these Rousettus and Pteropus spp. bats. NGS led to the recovery of four sequences covering approximately 94.3 per cent of the whole genome of the BtCoVs from Rousettus bats. Three BtCoV sequences had 93.69 per cent identity to CoV BtRt-BetaCoV/GX2018. The fourth BtCoV sequence was 96.8 per cent identical to BtCoV HKU9-1.

Interpretation & conclusions:

This study was a step towards understanding the CoV circulation in Indian bats. Detection of potentially pathogenic CoVs in Indian bats stresses the need for enhanced screening for novel viruses in them. One Health approach with collaborative activities by the animal health and human health sectors in these surveillance activities shall be of use to public health. This would help in the development of diagnostic assays for novel viruses with outbreak potential and be useful in disease interventions. Proactive surveillance remains crucial for identifying the emerging novel viruses with epidemic potential and measures for risk mitigation.
O jogo de três toques: apontamentos histórico-sociais da estrutura do voleibol em Curitiba (1932-2015)
Authors: Cruz Kelwin Santos da , Salvini Leila , Marchi Júnior Wanderley
Published: April 2020

A partir de uma perspectiva histórico-social do voleibol na cidade de Curitiba/PR, o presente artigo tem por objetivo principal identificar e analisar os processos que levaram a estruturação de instituições e associações esportivas paralelas à Federação Paranaense de Voleibol, e como essas instituições influenciaram o desenvolvimento da modalidade, inclusive suas competições, em nível regional. Metodologicamente, pautamos o estudo numa pesquisa qualitativa, de cunho descritivo e análise documental. Como recorte temporal, delimitamos inicialmente o ano de 1932, ano em que encontramos o primeiro registro sobre o desenvolvimento da modalidade no Paraná, até o ano de 2015. A guisa de conclusões, constatamos que o surgimento de novas instituições fomentadoras do voleibol no estado do Paraná, aliadas à parcerias entre os poderes públicos e privados, tornou possível um aprimoramento de novas formas e estratégias de organização e gestão do voleibol que, por sua vez, acarretou numa qualificação e desenvolvimento da modalidade em âmbito regional.
Benefícios psicológicos do slackline: relação entre estado de fluxo, tempo de prática e qualidade de vida
Authors: Franco Juliano Marques , Godoi Rosane Camila de , Yoshida Hélio Mamoru , Nascimento Fernanda Tartalha do
Published: April 2020

Esse estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar e mensurar o nível de estado de fluxo de praticantes de slackline e relacioná-lo com a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. Foram avaliados 30 sujeitos com idade média de 22 (±3) anos. Os instrumentos utilizados: Ficha de identificação; Flow State Scale-2 (FSS-2), Dispositional Flow Scale-2 (DFS-20) e World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref (WHOQoL-BREF). Para verificar a correlação entre os instrumentos utilizou-se o coeficiente de Spearman, no qual foi possível observar elevados níveis de estado de fluxo e qualidade de vida geral. Foi encontrada correlação significativa entre o fator psicológico da qualidade de vida com a disposição para atingir o fluxo juntamente com o tempo de prática e duração da sessão de treino. Concluímos que a prática do slackline possibilita o desenvolvimento de aspectos psicológicos, como o estado de fluxo e com isso possibilita a melhora na qualidade de vida de seus praticantes.
Tax Policies for Clean Manufacturing: Implementing the Green New Deal
Authors: Mann Roberta
Published: April 2020

Tax Policies for Clean Manufacturing: Implementing the Green New Deal
Políticas de educación superior sobre acoso sexual en Chile
Authors: Flores-Bernal Raquel
Published: April 2020

La presente investigación aborda la problemática de acoso sexual en liceos y universidades chilenas y plantea la necesidad de que las instituciones tomen medidas de prevención y atención a las víctimas y desarrollen acciones para su completa erradicación. El objetivo del estudio es analizar las ideologías de género que se develan en normativas, protocolos y reglamentos emanados de cuatro universidades chilenas cuyo propósito es prevenir el acoso sexual. La metodología de investigación es la del análisis documental, cuyo objetivo es la captación, evaluación, selección y síntesis de los mensajes subyacentes en el contenido de los documentos, a partir del análisis de sus significados. Entre los principales resultados, se visualiza la necesidad de fortalecer los espacios seguros y libres para estudiantes, trabajadoras y trabajadores, con miras a diseñar estrategias orientadas a prevenir, resguardar y promocionar relaciones respetuosas e igualitarias en la comunidad educativa, incluyendo el recibimiento de denuncias y el desarrollo de investigaciones.
Ludomática en ambientes de aprendizaje: educación rural en el posconflicto colombiano
Authors: Bautista Díaz Diego Armando , García Gutiérrez Zaily del Pilar , Casas Casallas Eurias , Gómez Amaya Jhonny , Gutiérrez Castro Bladimir Alexander
Published: April 2020

El artículo propone una estrategia pedagógica para el fomento de la educación mediática, desde la lúdica y la mediación de tecnologías, para la resignificación del conflicto armado colombiano, vinculando a la comunidad educativa. El proceso pedagógico se desarrolló en el marco metodológico de la acción participativa, en dos instituciones educativas públicas con sus extensiones rurales de la región del Gualiva en Nimaima, Cundinamarca (Colombia). La intervención se realizó durante dos años, empezando por caracterizar recursos físicos y conocimientos tecnológicos de la comunidad, como base para formular la estrategia pedagógica en competencias mediáticas. Asímismo, se desarrolló y validó un ambiente virtual de aprendizaje (AVA) y un aplicativo móvil (APP). Se identificó que la implementación de estrategias educativas mediadas por tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) aporta a la disminución de las brechas digitales, mejora procesos comunicativos y permite la reconfiguración de las dinámicas del territorio.
Factors that Influence the Adoption of Computer Assisted Audit Techniques (CAATs) by External Auditors in Yemen
Authors: Khalil AL Barrak , Nafti Olfa
Published: April 2020

External auditors face new challenges in keeping pace with technological development in the accounting profession, which is how to audits outputs of advanced electronic accounting systems. As a result, several electronic systems and applications have emerged to assist the external auditors in their tasks, which called Computer -Assisted Audit Techniques (CAATs). The main objective of this study to examine the factors influencing of adoption of CAATs in the external audit process in Yemen, using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) was utilized as a theoretical basis in this study. A quantitative approach was carried out by a questionnaire completed by 312 participants. The results mainly showed that the behavioral intention to adopt CAATs is significantly and positively influenced by the performance expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions, but it was not influenced by the effort expectancy. Besides, this is the first study in Yemen about the adoption of CAATs.
African Americans and Utopia: Visions of a Better Life
Authors: Sargent Lyman Tower
Published: April 2020

While there have been studies of individual African American writers and, recently, work on African American authors of science fiction, some of whom wrote utopias and, more often, dystopias, there has been no attempt to examine the many ways that African Americans have contributed to utopianism. To fill that gap, this article gives an overview of African American contributions to utopianism in literature, intentional communities, and utopian social theory.
The Necessity of Hope in Dystopian Times: A Critical Reflection
Authors: Moylan Tom
Published: April 2020

In today’s global order, for those seeking a just, equal, and healthy existence for humanity and nature, it is time to exercise the transformative utopian impulse. Yet, against such praxis, capitalism’s retrieval mechanism subsumes and consumes the potential of utopianism. Within this co-optation, an enclosure of “eutopian” sensibility within a resigned “dystopian” structure of feeling compromises the radical utopian project through practices of disciplined “improvement” within the “realism” of the existing order. Herein, this essay discusses two symptomatic texts that it argues are imbricated within this dystopian ambience. With great respect for its author, I read Dystopia: A Natural History, by Gregory Claeys, as a component of this hegemonic structure of feeling rather than a challenge to it; meanwhile, I read Kim Stanley Robinson’s “Dystopias Now” as a negation of that negation, as the author takes an anti-anti-utopian stance that reasserts the radical utopian project.
Biovigilância: qualidade e segurança no processo de doação e transplante de órgãos e tecidos
Authors: Treviso Patrícia , Amorim Maria Helena Costa , Schirmer Janine , Roza Bartira De Aguiar
Published: April 2020

Editorial
(Des)conformidade do processo de trabalho no centro de material e esterilização
Authors: Silva Luciana Santana Lobo , Campos Maria Pontes de Aguiar , Silva Flávia Janólio Costacurta Pinto da , Llapa-Rodriguez Eliana Ofélia , Mattos Maria Cláudia Tavares de
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Avaliar o processo de trabalho de enfermagem em um Centro de Material e Esterilização (CME) de um hospital de ensino no Nordeste brasileiro e calcular os índices de conformidades dos processos de trabalho dos produtos para saúde (PPS) hospitalares no CME. Método: Estudo observacional, com análises quantitativas. A população-alvo constituiu-se de técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem, por meio de observação sistemática no desenvolvimento dos processos de trabalho. A amostra resultou em 24 profissionais, correspondendo a 80% da população. Resultados: Dos processos observados, o índice de conformidade foi menor (29,17%) na esterilização e maior (56,94%) na guarda/distribuição dos produtos. Quanto aos subprocessos, foi maior (90,28%) na selagem e menor (8,33%) no enxágue dos PPS. Conclusão: A média de conformidade dos processos apresentou índice abaixo do limite de 70%, comprometendo a maioria do processo de trabalho da equipe de enfermagem
Saberes dos enfermeiros sobre prevenção de infecção do sítio cirúrgico
Authors: De Souza Karolayne Vieira , Serrano Solange Queiroga
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Conhecer as experiências de enfermeiros sobre suas práticas na prevenção de infecção do sítio cirúrgico (ISC). Método: Estudo exploratório e qualitativo com enfermeiros da clínica cirúrgica geral de um hospital público do nordeste brasileiro. Entre dezembro de 2018 e janeiro de 2019, realizou-se entrevista semiestruturada, gravada em áudio digital, com duração média de 20 minutos, para coleta de dados. Os depoimentos transcritos foram avaliados pela técnica de análise do discurso do sujeito coletivo. Resultados: Participaram nove enfermeiros, a maioria do sexo feminino, com idade média de 40,9 anos. Elencaram-se as seguintes categorias temáticas: medidas de prevenção contra ISC; assistência de enfermagem adequada na prevenção de ISC; equipe de enfermagem capacitada; adequadas condições de trabalho e de materiais; e treinamento contínuo. Conclusão: Observou-se preocupação em minimizar os riscos de ISC de pacientes por meio da adoção de ações preventivas, como lavagem das mãos, uso de equipamentos de proteção individual, troca de curativos diários com técnica asséptica, além do uso de insumos adequados, conhecimento técnico-científico harmonioso e estímulo do relacionamento eficaz entre a equipe.
Riscos ocupacionais e os resíduos de serviços de saúde em centro cirúrgico
Authors: Pinheiro de Morais Justiniano Graciele , Appoloni Eduardo Aline Helena , Correia Semeão Binotto Cibele , Ishie Macedo Juice , Bonametti Veiga Tatiane , Tognoli Silvia Helena , Mendes Adriana Aparecida
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Conhecer a relação dos riscos ocupacionais com os resíduos de serviços de saúde (RSS), na perspectiva de profissionais de enfermagem que atuam no centro cirúrgico (CC). Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo de caráter exploratório e descritivo e abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista gravada, com três questões abertas sobre a geração e o manejo de resíduos e riscos à saúde dos profissionais de enfermagem. A amostra foi composta de 11 técnicos e dois auxiliares de enfermagem. Os dados foram organizados e analisados segundo a proposta do método do discurso do sujeito coletivo (DSC). Resultados: Os discursos revelaram preocupação em realizar o manejo adequado dos resíduos gerados, com destaque para os biológicos e perfurocortantes. Os profissionais compreendem que o não cumprimento de práticas seguras de manejo pode expor prejuízos à própria saúde, à do paciente e à de outros profissionais. Conclusão: Os resultados evidenciaram exposição dos profissionais de enfermagem aos resíduos gerados no CC, o que reforça a necessidade de práticas contínuas de orientações e treinamentos para o manejo apropriado desses resíduos, com a finalidade de minimizar riscos de exposição dos profissionais, dos pacientes e do ambiente
Estratégia educativa com profissionais de enfermagem sobre hipertermia maligna em um centro cirúrgico cardiovascular
Authors: Sene Elisabete Silvana de Oliveira , Viana Tatiana Garcia , Catunda Keren Agra , Bittar Eliana
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem do centro cirúrgico sobre hipertermia maligna, antes e após aula expositiva e implantar kit padronizado para tratamento, junto aos anestesiologistas. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, prospectiva com abordagem quantitativa, com a enfermagem do centro cirúrgico da Instituição sede da pesquisa, situada na cidade de São Paulo, com participação de 43 profissionais. Aplicou-se questionário pré e pós aula expositiva. Resultados: Nos dados estatísticos pós-aula, houve diferença significante (p<0,05) ao conhecimento da equipe sobre hipertermia maligna, por categoria profissional. As questões com pontuação significativa após aula foram: definição de hipertermia maligna, agentes desencadeantes e tratamento. Elaborou-se e implantou-se um kit de tratamento. Conclusão: Esta pesquisa agregou conhecimento para a equipe de enfermagem atuar com segurança e a disponibilização do kit específico proporcionou expertise e padronização de atendimento.
Dewey, Foucault, and the Value of Horror: Transformative Learning through Reading Horror Fiction
Authors: Yeung Lorraine K. C.
Published: April 2020

This article advances an account of the nonhedonic values of horror fiction (including film). It is motivated by cases in which consuming horror fosters what theorists of education call “transformative learning” in adult students, brought to my attention through teaching a course titled “Horror Film and Fiction.” Transformative learning refers to the process by which students’ critical consciousness is activated in a way that they examine, question, and revise certain existing perceptions shaped by their experiences. The process is more a shocking and disturbing experience than pleasurable. In this article, I focus on two cases in which two students underwent such a transformation on studying Roman Polanksi’s Repulsion (1968) and Tod Browning’s Freaks (1932), respectively. In the first case, the student’s experience of madness is modified, while, in the second, the student’s experience of abnormality is disrupted. To give the transformation in question a philosophical underpinning, I draw on Dewey’s concept of “aesthetic experience” in Art as Experience, Foucault’s concept of “experience book,” and O’Leary’s approach to the value of fiction developed in his Foucault and Fiction and contend that the works of horror effectuated what O’Leary calls “transformative experience” in the students. In the second half of the paper, I extend my account beyond the classroom context by offering a close reading of Robert Bloch’s Psycho (1959), with the aim of demonstrating that it has the potential to transform the everyday experience of madness of the American readers in Bloch’s times, and probably the experience of normality of the worldwide readers thereafter.
Begetting the New: The Marrow of Originality as Discovered from the Making of Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet: Part 2. Creation Demystified
Authors: Petrosyan Armen E.
Published: April 2020

The paper scrutinizes the originality and novelty of pieces of art and the creative contribution of their authors. Though Shakespeare almost entirely borrowed the material of his Romeo and Juliet from literary sources, the play represents an original writing towering above all its “prototypes.” The newness manifests itself, first and foremost, in the guiding idea that makes the play at once a hymn to young love and a lament for its doom in the “down-to-earth” world of maturity. Originality consists in adjusting the material obtained to the author’s own intent, rearranging the parts and working up the individual elements, marking out the key link, and building round it another framework that fits with the mission—that for the sake of which a creative work is done. And it is just this junction of the guiding idea with the reconfigured material that constitutes the marrow of originality. In developing the argument, the author exposes Shakespeare’s view of love, his recomposition of what has been borrowed from the others’ works, revision of the elements, and elicitation of the key link and its adjustment, on one hand, to the guiding idea and, on the other, to the rest of the contents. The ways and techniques Shakespeare used to remake and supplement the material come to light. From the analysis made, the author derives a comprehensive pattern of novelty in literature and—broader—in art.
Perioperative Considerations in Urgent Surgical Care of Suspected and Confirmed COVID-19 Orthopaedic Patients: Operating Room Protocols and Recommendations in the Current COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Awad Mohamed E. , Rumley Jacob C.L. , Vazquez Jose A. , Devine John G.
Published: April 2020

By April 7, 2020, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was responsible for 1,383,436 confirmed cases of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), involving 209 countries around the world; 378,881 cases have been confirmed in the United States. During this pandemic, the urgent surgical requirements will not stop. As an example, the most recent Centers of Disease Control and Prevention reports estimate that there are 2.8 million trauma patients hospitalized in the United States. These data illustrate an increase in the likelihood of encountering urgent surgical patients with either clinically suspected or confirmed COVID-19 in the near future. Preparation for a pandemic involves considering the different levels in the hierarchy of controls and the different phases of the pandemic. Apart from the fact that this pandemic certainly involves many important health, economic, and community ramifications, it also requires several initiatives to mandate what measures are most appropriate to prepare for mitigating the occupational risks. This article provides evidence-based recommendations and measures for the appropriate personal protective equipment for different clinical and surgical activities in various settings. To reduce the occupational risk in treating suspected or confirmed COVID-19 urgent orthopaedic patients, recommended precautions and preventive actions (triage area, emergency department consultation room, induction room, operating room, and recovery room) are reviewed.
A Bioethical Perspective for Navigating Moral Dilemmas Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dunham Alexandra M. , Rieder Travis N. , Humbyrd Casey J.
Published: April 2020

The Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has been an unprecedented challenge to healthcare systems and clinicians around the globe. As the virus has spread, critical questions arose about how to best deliver health care in emergency situations where material and personnel resources become scarce. Clinicians who excel at caring for the individual patient at the bedside are now being reoriented into a system where they are being asked to see the collective public as their responsibility. As such, the clinical ethics that clinicians are accustomed to practicing are being modified by a framework of public health ethics defined by the presence of a global pandemic. There are many unknowns about Coronavirus disease 2019, which makes it difficult to provide consistent recommendations and guidelines that uniformly apply to all situations. This lack of consensus leads to the clinicians' confusion and distress. Real-life dilemmas about how to allocate resources and provide care in hotspot cities make explicit the need for careful ethical analysis, but the need runs far deeper than that; even when not trading some lives against others, the responsibilities of both individual clinicians and the broader healthcare system are changing in the face of this crisis.
Incentives for Vertically Integrated Firms in the Natural Gas and Electricity Markets to Manipulate Prices
Authors: Hinchey Nathalie
Published: April 2020

This paper examines the potential for vertically integrated firms that own assets in both the natural gas and electricity markets to manipulate natural gas and electricity prices through the withholding of natural gas pipeline capacity. An integrated firm theoretically could increase the price it receives in the electricity market by withholding pipeline capacity to the wholesale natural gas market, thereby reducing wholesale supply of natural gas and potentially increasing generation costs for electricity through higher natural gas prices. A key criteria in assessing whether an integrated firm’s allocation of pipeline capacity between the wholesale and retail markets constitutes manipulation relates to whether the allocation is profit maximizing on a stand-alone basis, i.e., the allocation maximizes the firm’s profits in the natural gas market without considering its profits in the electricity market. I develop a theoretical model that examines the incentives to allocate pipeline capacity to the wholesale natural gas market, which supplies the power generation sector, and the retail natural gas market. I find that an integrated firm may choose to allocate more pipeline capacity to the retail market than the wholesale market in order to reduce the probability of paying fines from failing to adequately meet retail demand, to increase its profits in the wholesale natural gas market, or to increase its profits in the electricity market. In order to prove a manipulation has occurred, it must be shown that the last case is true and the first two cases had little effect on the allocation decision.
Water Only Sequence: An Accurate Method to Estimate Hepatic Siderosis in Patients with Thalassemia Major and Intermedia
Authors: Lotfi Mehrzad , Rouhezamin Mohammad Reza , Bijan Bijan , Sefidbakht Sepideh , Karimi Mehran , Dehdashtiyan Amin
Published: April 2020

Background: Thalassemia is a common hemoglobinopathy in Iran. Iron overload is a major complication of thalassemia, and an accurate quantification of iron deposition is the mainstay of treatment planning. The liver is the main organ for storage of iron, and quantification of hepatic siderosis is a reliable estimation of total iron overload. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of chemical shift sequences (CSS), especially a water only sequence (WOS), to estimate hepatic siderosis in thalassemia patients. Patients and Methods: During a seven-month period, from May to December 2016, one hundred and two known cases of thalassemia major and intermedia underwent liver MRI. The liver iron concentration was estimated using T2* MR relaxometry. The iron signal percentage and fraction were calculated using chemical shift sequences and correlated with estimated liver iron concentration (LIC). Results: The correlation coefficient of in-phase and opposed-phase sequences was 0.566 in estimating hepatic siderosis, which was improved by employing water only sequence (0.640). The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value were 90.5%, 94.4% and 98.7% for the in-phase and opposed-phase sequences and 82.1%, 94.4% and 98.6% for the water only sequence, respectively. Conclusion: Chemical shift sequences, including a water only sequence, are accurate for the assessment of hepatic siderosis. Water only sequences can effectively minimize the confounding effect of fatty liver.
Open Praxis, volume 11 issue 4
Authors: Gil-Jaurena (ed.), various authors Inés
Published: April 2020

This Open Praxis publishes 10 selected papers among those presented in the 2019 Open Education Global Conference, hosted by Politecnico di Milano (Polimi) and held in Milan (Italy) from November 26 to 28, 2019.