bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sanitation-hygiene Knowledge, Practices and Human Health Impacts: Insights from Coastal Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Md. Shohel , Paul Shitangsu Kumar
Published: September 2023

Better sanitation and hygiene are very significant for sound health for human lives and it protects various water borne disease. This study aims to find sanitation-hygiene knowledge, practices and impacts on human health of coastal Bangladesh. Rajoir (Sarankhola), Gangarampur (Batiaghata) and Ganapatipur (Kalaroa) villages are purposively designated from shoreline, interim and inland coast. Data are collected with semi-structured questionnaire between July-October 2022 and analyzed through SPSS and map is produced with Arc GIS.  Overall about 9.6, 36.3 and 54.1% respondents have good, moderate and poor knowledge regarding sanitation and hygiene. Overall about 57% respondents have accessed sanitary latrines. About 67% respondents claimed that their children deface are thrown in the toilet, followed by, around the house (16%). About 70, 83 and 84% respondents wash their hands with soap/handwash after defecation in shoreline, interim and inland area, followed by, 34, 35 and 27% before taking meal; 19, 19 and 4% before cooking; 9, 21 and 16% after household chores. Cleanliness index are categorized into satisfactory levels except water containers for shoreline (0.677) and inland (0.718) areas. About 96% (shoreline), 91% (interim) and 95% (inland) respondents claim women play a direct role during collection of water. Based on sanitation inspection tool, overall 6, 41, 47 and 3% tube-wells are grouped into very high, high, intermediate and low risk categories. About 57% (shoreline), 48% (interim) and 36% (inland) water sources are grouped into ‘high’s category. The study suggest to formate management committee to monitor proper sanitation and hygiene systems.

Keywords : Coastal area; human health; cleanliness; sanitary inspection tool

 

Copyright (c) 2023 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember

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Determinants of Consumer Purchase Intentions on Halal Products
Authors: Amrullah Ariestio
Published: September 2023

Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest Muslim population in the world. This affects the demand for halal products in various industrial sectors, including the food and beverage industry. The high demand for halal products in Indonesian food and beverage industry is a challenge for MUI, the party authorized to issue halal certification, according to an opportunity for business actors as the first link in distribution of goods to consumers. Cafetelo D-9 SMEs are very concerned about opportunities and challenges posed by demand for halal-verified products. This study aims to evaluate consumer perceptions of attitudes towards D-9 Salatiga products and consumer purchase intentions towards D-9 Salatiga products. Data was collected through simple random sampling and shared on social media. This research used Partial Least Squares within Structural Equation Model. Data processing was conducted using SmartPLS 3.0 software and the (SEM-PLS) method. The results of this study indicate that consumer knowledge about halal has a significant and favorable influence on purchase intention. Knowledge about halal has a big impact on attitudes, and attitudes have a big impact on consumer intention to buy. This research is expected to help SMEs as business actors to pay more attention to halal product certification given the enthusiasm and public response to halal food and beverage products.
New trends and insights in facial fracture treatment in the United States
Authors: Akiki Ronald K. , Crozier Joseph , Basta Marten , Woo Albert S.
Published: September 2023

Aim: Facial fractures have multiple etiologies, including motor vehicle collisions, interpersonal violence, falls, and sports-related accidents. The objectives of this study are to reassess, compare, and expand the epidemiologic analysis and postoperative complication rates of facial fracture treatment. Additionally, we sought to compare the length of stay and operative time outcomes between plastic surgeons and non-plastic surgeons. Methods: NSQIP (National Surgical Quality Improvement Program) participant databases were queried to identify all patients undergoing facial fracture operations. Epidemiological data was divided into two groups and compared by surgeon specialty: patients operated on by a plastic surgeon and patients operated on by a non-plastic surgeon. Our primary outcomes of interest were operation time and length of stay. Postoperative complications included wound complications, mortality, return to the OR, and major bleeding. Results: 3,354 patients underwent facial fracture repair (2012 to 2016). In men, the most common fracture was mandibular (40.9%); in women, the most frequent was orbital (32.4 %). 79.6% had single facial fractures and 20.4 % had multiple facial fractures. Plastic surgeons’ operating time was less than that of non-plastic surgeons (P = 0.0007). The average length of stay was higher for the plastic group (mean = 1.65 days, plastic) (P < 0.00001). Postoperative complication variables showed no statistically significant differences between the plastic and non-plastic groups. Conclusion: Continuous epidemiologic analysis is vital for the proper allocation of healthcare resources to the most affected facial fracture patients in the US. Assessment of complication rates between surgical specialties allows a better understanding of the management of facial fracture patients on a national level. Our data analysis may allow surgeons to better counsel patients preoperatively and improve inter-specialty collaboration.
A systematic review on embodiment and breast reconstruction: a patient-centered framework for evolving breast outcome measures
Authors: Chin Madeline G. , Eftekari Sahand C. , Moura Steven P. , Donnelly D’ Andrea T. , Shaffrey Ellen C. , Sears Lucas , Dingle Aaron M.
Published: September 2023

Embodiment describes the sense of one’s own body, encompassing dimensions of being, having, and using a body. Regarding breast reconstruction, embodiment can be understood as how effectively the reconstructed breast replaces the patient’s missing breast. While there has been increasing attention in recent decades on understanding and measuring embodiment in the prosthetic limb, there is limited literature applying embodiment to the context of breast reconstruction. We posit that the literature on prosthetic embodiment can be applied to evolving discussions on breast reconstruction outcomes and patient satisfaction. As breast reconstruction techniques continue to evolve, such as advances in nerve coaptation and reinnervation of the breasts, the concept of embodiment may help broaden the scope of how patient outcomes can be more holistically evaluated. This systematic review examines existing literature on embodiment after breast reconstruction, summarizes embodiment and its subcomponents, and discusses how embodiment can be a helpful framework for the future of breast reconstruction outcome measures.
Towards wearable sensing-based precise and rapid responding system for the early detection of future pandemic
Authors: Xiang Ting , Liu Zijun , Ji Nan , Lu Lei , Clifton David A. , Li Xiaohe , Deen M. Jamal , Lovell Nigel H. , Veetil Jipsa Chelora , Zhu Han , Yan Bryan , Mok Vincent , Zhang Yuan-Ting
Published: September 2023

During the past three years, tremendous efforts have been made to tackle the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis, including centralized quarantine, compulsory testing, and sweeping lockdowns. The measures have taken effect, but have caused a huge burden on healthcare systems and significant disruption to global economies on an unprecedented scale. Recently, some countries and regions have observed signs of the pandemic resurgence. To better handle the resurgence in the post-COVID era and future pandemics, an immediate revolution of the precise and rapid responding system capable of early detection is needed. Based on a comprehensive review, this article summarizes the enabling wearable devices in physiological monitoring and biomolecular diagnosis, highlights their potential contributions to the detection and management of COVID-19, as well as its long-term effects, and suggests a wearable sensing-based system to avoid future pandemics. Wearable devices, in conjunction with mobile health (mHealth) technologies, provide a novel way to track and monitor diseases through continuous physiological, physical, and biomolecular sensing. Augmented by artificial intelligence (AI), especially the emerging Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) algorithms, patients could potentially be identified before they become symptomatic. By combining contact tracing and effective quarantine, it is possible to arrest the spread of the disease and control its emergence at an early stage. Furthermore, with minor refinements, the proposed response system holds the potential for extended use beyond COVID-19, particularly in addressing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) during both outbreaks and non-pandemic scenarios. By implementing this groundbreaking approach, there exist valuable prospects to transform the current healthcare paradigm and drive significant advancements in disease prevention, detection, and management.
Fundamentals and perspectives of electrolyte additives for non-aqueous Na-ion batteries
Authors: Shipitsyn Vadim , Antrasian Nicholas , Soni Vijayendra , Mu Linqin , Ma Lin
Published: September 2023

Despite extensive research efforts to develop non-aqueous sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) as alternatives to lithium-based energy storage battery systems, their performance is still hindered by electrode-electrolyte side reactions. As a feasible strategy, the engineering of electrolyte additives has been regarded as one of the effective ways to address these critical problems. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent progress in electrolyte additives for non-aqueous SIBs. We classify the additives based on their effects on specific electrode materials and discuss the functions and mechanisms of each additive category. Finally, we propose future directions for electrolyte additive research, including studies on additives for improving cell performance under extreme conditions, optimizing electrolyte additive combinations, understanding the effect of additives on cathode-anode interactions, and understanding the characteristics of electrolyte additives.
BUSINESS SIMULATION GAMES IN DEVELOPING PRE-SERVICE RESTAURANT MANAGERS’ SPEECH INTERACTION COMPETENCE USING GPTChat
Authors: Nikolaeva Sofiya , Chernysh Valentyna , Boiko Hanna , Galynska Olena
Published: September 2023

The study aims to develop speech interaction skills in language learning of pre-service restaurant managers with focus on professional skills – decision-making in conflict and non-conflict communication situations using business simulation games; to explore the effectiveness of GPTChat as a tool for the development of students’ speech interaction competence in the context of business simulation games. A mixed research design was employed which involved 44 pre-service restaurant managers of the National University of Food technologies (Kyiv, Ukraine) in 2023. The quantitative research method was used to assess the students’ level of speech interaction competence using the Fisher Criterion. The qualitative research method was used for analyzing and interpreting data of the experimental learning. The results showed that the pre-service restaurant managers who were consulted by teachers, used GPTChat and business simulation games for developing their speech interaction and decision-making skills had higher results than those who only used GPTChat. It has been found that business simulation games allow pre-service restaurant managers to better understand the nature of conflict and non-conflict situations in their professional field, develop speech interaction competence, practice in decision-making in simulation environment. GPTChat can be used as a tool for creating various professional situations, analysing the algorithms of decision-making in conflict and non-conflict situations.
ADDRESSING CHALLENGES IN LANGUAGE TEACHING IN INDIA: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK IN ENHANCING LEARNING
Authors: Singh Amrendra , Halim Huzaina Binti Abdul
Published: September 2023

Corrective feedback is a crucial aspect of language teaching, which aims to help students improve language accuracy and fluency. While research on corrective feedback has been conducted worldwide, there is a dearth of empirical studies in the Indian context. Despite this gap, several studies suggest that corrective feedback practices in India are based mainly on traditional grammar-translation methods prioritizing accuracy over fluency rather than considering students' needs and learning styles. Issues related to corrective feedback in India include cultural factors, optimal timing, teacher beliefs, technology-mediated feedback, and student motivation. Cultural factors such as societal expectations and values can influence teachers' and learners’ attitudes toward corrective feedback. The optimal timing of providing corrective feedback in ESL writing is also an issue, as the effectiveness of immediate versus delayed feedback on language accuracy and fluency is still unclear. Moreover, teachers' views on corrective feedback may influence their practices and need further exploration in the Indian context. The potential of technology-mediated corrective feedback and its effects on student motivation and self-efficacy also require further research (Doley, 2023). Overall, this review highlights the need for more empirical research on corrective feedback practices in India to inform effective teaching practices and enhance the effectiveness of ELT in the country. Future studies should focus on examining cultural factors that influence corrective feedback practices, identifying optimal timing for feedback, examining teachers' views and practices, examining technology-mediated feedback, and examining the effects of corrective feedback on student motivation and self-efficacy.
TOWARDS ENHANCING CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION IN EDUCATION SYSTEM FOR YOUTH IN HAIL REGION
Authors: Alshammari Ali Essa A. , Thomran Murad
Published: September 2023

The developments of countries are always based on the efforts of their creative people, as the spread of an organizational culture that stimulates creativity and innovation and sponsors its owners. Therefore this study aimed to explore the creativity and innovation involvement in educational curriculum and to assess the challenges and opportunities in educational system among youth in Hail Region. To achieve these objectives, explanatory and descriptive research designs were employed with quantitative research approach. The questionnaire was the instrumental tool for collecting data with simple random sampling technique. 341 valid responses have been analyzed by using SPSS software. The study's findings revealed that students perceive themselves as engaging in creative thinking activities and receiving creativity and innovation training at the university. The respondents strongly agree that incorporating technology tools and techniques into education enhances creativity and innovation, and there are other factors that also contribute to these opportunities. Resistance to change and limited access to information were identified as significant challenges to developing creativity and innovation skills among the respondents. The study found a moderate, positive correlation between involvement in creativity and innovation and the educational curriculum. Based on these results, it is recommended that the university continue prioritizing creative thinking activities and innovation training for students while addressing challenges related to resistance to change and access to information. Further integration of creativity and innovation concepts into the curriculum may also be beneficial, along with continued use of technology tools and techniques to enhance these skills in education.
ON OCCASION OF THE 300TH ANNIVERSARY: HRYHORII SKOVORODA`S PEDAGOGICAL IDEAS AS A PRECURSOR OF DIFFERENTIATED TEACHING
Authors: Baklazhenko Yuliia , Kornieva Zoia , Borbenchuk Iryna
Published: September 2023

On 3rd December 2022, we celebrated the 300th anniversary of the birth of Hryhoriy Skovoroda – one of the greatest Baroque thinkers, poets, educators and writers of the XVIII century. His influence on the development of Ukrainian and worldwide pedagogy is difficult to overestimate, however, today we would like to stress the importance and relevance of his ideas by analysing them through the prism of a modern approach to education – differentiated teaching and learning. H. Skovoroda`s studying at Kyiv Mohyla Academy, where he had a chance to meet famous and prospective philosophers, thinkers, and activists of the time, and his experience of teaching and lecturing at famous Ukrainian educational centers shaped his views on teaching methods. Combined with his philosophic views these ideas prove to be relevant in the modern conditions. The article analyses the main principles of differentiated learning – principles of taking into account the individual characteristics of students, accessibility, systematicity, consistency, autonomy, and consciousness through their connection to Skovoroda`s ideas. The analysis showed that H. Skovoroda formulated some of the fundamental principles of personality-oriented learning, which were precursors for developing ideas of differentiated learning.
A muscadine locus confers resistance to predominant species of grapevine root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) including virulent populations
Authors: Esmenjaud Daniel , Banora Mohamed Youssef , Julien-Portier Ulysse , Lafargue Maria-Das-Dores , Tandonnet Jean-Pascal , Rubio Bernadette , Walker Andrew , Van Ghelder Cyril , Ollat Nathalie
Published: September 2023

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) Meloidogyne spp. are extremely polyphagous pests and four species severely affect grapevines throughout the world: M. arenaria, M. incognita, M. javanica and M. ethiopica. Californian populations of M. arenaria and M. incognita are reported to be virulent to widely used rootstocks and to the rootstock ‘Harmony’ in particular. Breeding RKNs-resistant grape rootstocks is a promising alternative to highly toxic nematicides. Muscadine (Vitis rotundifolia syn. Muscadinia rotundifolia) is a resistance (R) source with undercharacterised genetics. To this end, we used a segregating progeny between the RKN-resistant Vitis x Muscadinia accession ‘VRH8771’ from the muscadine source ‘NC184-4’ and the RKN-susceptible V. vinifera cv. Cabernet-Sauvignon. We first phenotyped its resistance to isolates of the i) M. arenaria, ii) M. incognita and iii) M. javanica species, and then to iv) two mixed Harmony-virulent Californian populations of M. arenaria and M. incognita. Finally, we created an isolate of M. arenaria and M. incognita from these Harmony populations and phenotyped the progeny to each of them [v) and vi)], and to vii) an isolate of M. ethiopica. The resistance phenotype of all the progeny’s individuals was independent of the RKN isolates or populations used. Resistance was mapped in a region of chromosome 18 in VRH8771, supporting the hypothesis that it is conferred by a single gene with an unprecedented wide spectrum in grapevine, including Harmony-virulent isolates. This dominant gene, referred to as MsppR1, is linked to the telomeric QTL XiR4 for X. index resistance from the same source. Additionally, plant mortality data showed that MsppR1-resistant material expressed a high-level resistance to the Harmony-virulent isolates. Our results are a first step towards the development of marker-assisted breeding using SSR and SNP markers for resistance to RKNs in accession VRH8771.
DIREITOS HUMANOS ENTRE VULNERABILIDADES, VIOLÊNCIA, VIOLAÇÕES E OUTRAS PERCEPÇÕES
Authors: De Faria Mateus Aparecido , Paiva Tiago Sousa , Voigt Carolina Feijó Bitencourt , Cornelli Andressa Marques , Bernardo Alisson Donizeti , Rocha Cristianne Maria Famer , Modena Celina Maria
Published: September 2023

O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar como são conceituados e compreendidos o conceito de Direitos Humanos, as violências, as violações e outras percepções por parte da comunidade de pessoas lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, travestis, transexuais, queer, intersexuais, assexuais e outras identidades. Essa foi uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória e descritivo-interpretativa, realizada através de entrevistas individuais guiadas a partir de um roteiro semiestruturado. Através da Análise do Discurso Crítica, imaginávamos que eles/as nos indicariam o quanto ainda temos a discutir, compreender, falar e criar estratégias para que este tema não seja conversado e preconizado apenas por “entendidos/as”. Assim, tirar os Direitos Humanos dos “armários” e textos acadêmicos é urgente e exige de todos nós posturas mais (pró)ativas e menos reativas, mais criativas e, sobretudo, urgentes, considerando-se as contínuas violências e violações vividas por pessoas que, tão somente, desejam viver suas vidas com liberdade, respeito e dignidade.
VARIAÇÃO DA FERTILIDADE DO SOLO EM DIFERENTES POSIÇÕES DE AMOSTRAGEM DE UM POMAR DE PESSEGUEIRO IRRIGADO
Authors: Sanches Suzuki Luis Eduardo Akiyoshi , Reisser Júnior Carlos , Carvalho Miola Ezequiel Cesar , Rostirolla Pablo , Strieder Gilberto , Saldanha Scherer Vinícius , Santos Silva Terra Viviane
Published: September 2023

Análises de solo que busquem otimizar e racionalizar o uso de fertilizantes sintéticos em áreas de fruticultura irrigada se fazem necessárias diante dos impactos que estas adubações podem causar ao ambiente se mal manejadas. Com isso, objetivou-se avaliar a fertilidade do solo em diferentes pontos de amostragem em um pomar de pessegueiro com e sem irrigação. O experimento foi instalado em um Argissolo sob pomar de pessegueiro com quatro anos de idade. As coletas de solo foram realizadas no pomar com e sem irrigação, nas camadas de solo 0 a 5 cm e 10 a 15 cm e, nos diferentes pontos de amostragem (passagem do rodado das máquinas, linha e entrelinha de plantio e copa do pessegueiro), em dezembro de 2009. Verificou-se que o pomar de pessegueiro apresenta variabilidade nos teores de nutrientes, seja pela adubação ou pelo manejo diferenciado nas diferentes posições do pomar. De modo geral não se verifica estratificação da fertilidade entre as camadas de solo. Os maiores teores de nutrientes geralmente se encontram na região da linha de plantio e copa, devido a adubação ser realizada nessas regiões, enquanto a acidez do solo é maior. A irrigação apresentou pouca influência na fertilidade do solo.
EXTENSÃO RURAL: UM ESTUDO SOBRE OS EXTENSIONISTAS RURAIS DO ESTADO DO PARÁ, BRASIL.
Authors: Coimbra Miranda Raul , Maria de Souza Nascimento Zandia , Vinicius Santiago de Oliveira e Silva Marcus , Sousa da Costa Anielle , Cristian Nogueira da Silva Priscila
Published: September 2023

A extensão rural é uma ciência de grande relevância para o desenvolvimento rural. Nesta, insere-se o extensionista rural, que é um educador no campo. Considerando as mudanças de realidade as quais as instituições e os profissionais de extensão estão sujeitos, este estudo objetivou avaliar o perfil dos extensionistas rurais do estado do Pará (Brasil), o papel da extensão rural e as adversidades nela presentes. O estudo considerou a percepção dos extensionistas da Empresa de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural do Estado do Pará (EMATER-PARÁ), de cinco escritórios regionais, por meio da aplicação de questionários e gravação de entrevistas. No estado, homens é a maioria entre os extensionistas, assim como os de maiores idades. Ainda, os profissionais pós-graduados ocupam 74% dos cargos. Também foi observado que o tempo de serviço é relativamente uma das questões mais valorizadas pela Emater, na contratação. Para os entrevistados, os maiores obstáculos na área envolvem o produtor rural e as políticas públicas. Assim, foi possível traçar o perfil do extensionista rural do Estado do Pará, destacando os dilemas na área.
POTENCIAL DO RESÍDUO DE EXTRAÇÃO DE ÓLEO DO EUCALIPTO NA ADSORÇÃO DE COBRE(II)
Authors: Marreiros da Silva Hedielsa Niágara , Nepomuceno Patriota Sara , Francisco Welington , Santos Mulholland Daniel
Published: September 2023

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial dos resíduos provenientes da extração do óleo do eucalipto na adsorção de cobre (Cu). Análises de FTIR e TGA demonstraram que a biomassa é um material tipicamente lignocelulósico. A capacidade de adsorção de Cu(II) aumenta com o aumento do pH, demonstrando que a atração eletrostática é um importante processo no controle da adsorção. A adsorção alcançou equilíbrio em 60 min de tempo de contato com taxa de 0,338 g.mg−1 min−1 a 25ºC de acordo com o modelo de pseudossegunda ordem. A adsorção em equilíbrio se ajustou melhor ao modelo de Langmuir com capacidade máxima de adsorção de 45,05 mg.g-1 a 25ºC. O modelo de Dubinin-Radushkevich demonstrou que processo de adsorção é de natureza física por ter baixa energia livre de adsorção (E) de 0,3469 kJ.mol-1. O resíduo agroindustrial aqui avaliado apresentou elevado potencial para ser utilizado como adsorvente de Cu(II) e, provavelmete, de demais metais bivalentes presentes em águas contaminadas e água residuais, devido sua elevada capacidade de adsorção e processo de tratamento simplificado.
ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) PARA AUXÍLIO A TOMADA DE DECISÕES EM LOGÍSTICA: UM PANORAMA BIBLIOMÉTRICO
Authors: Gonçalves Wellington
Published: September 2023

O Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) têm sido estudado amplamente na literatura nos últimos 50 anos. Isto pode ser explicado devido a flexibilidade e extensa aplicabilidade desse método, algo que permite diferentes reflexões, caminhos e pontos de vista. No momento em que este trabalho foi escrito, não havia uma análise bibliométrica sobre o estado da arte de como critérios estão sendo definidos e mensurados no uso do AHP para auxílio a tomada de decisões em logística. Por isso, realizamos uma revisão na base de dados Web of Science (WoS), utilizando artigos de pesquisa aplicada, publicados entre 1970 e 2020. Aspectos como citação, cocitação e estrutura de publicação foram usados para organizar a realização da estima da evolução literária com uso do software Zotero. Posteriormente, utilizamos o software VOSviewer para mapear cocitação e coocorrência. Os resultados sugerem um aumento gradual na estrutura de citação e publicação, além de usos e aplicações híbridas, destacando o AHP como um importante elemento para a academia e, para o avanço do conhecimento. Consequentemente, este trabalho coopera com a ciência ao identificar práticas de uso do AHP em logística, amparando diferentes interessados no tema a compreender diversos caminhos e enfoques presentes na literatura.
The relationship between knowledge and COVID-19 vaccination in East Martapura Regency
Authors: Sidiq Abdurrahman , Rusida Esty Restiana , Hastuti Eny
Published: September 2023

Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the infectious disease causes Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The risk of transmission of COVID-19 in the community is increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out educational interventions related to the application of health procedures and vaccination measures. Vaccination activities are expected to inhibit the spread of and prevent the COVID-19 virus. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge and COVID-19 vaccination behavior in East Martapura Regency. Method: This study was non-experimental analytical descriptive research using a cross-sectional approach in the East Martapura Regency. The questionnaires were given to 397 respondents. A chi-square test was used to analyze the correlation between the study variables. Results: Most respondents (66.5%) showed average knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccination. More than fifty percent (66.6%) of respondents had inappropriate behavior towards the COVID-19 vaccination. There was a relationship between knowledge and behavior regarding COVID-19 vaccination (p < 0.001). Conclusion: There was a relationship between knowledge and COVID-19 vaccination behavior in East Martapura Regency.
Evaluation of patient understanding of pharmaceutical pictograms for tuberculosis treatment
Authors: Rachmawati Ema , Aliefia Dhea Nanda , Christianty Fransiska Maria
Published: September 2023

Background: Pharmaceuticalpictograms can be used to help tuberculosis patients understand treatment information, especially those with low reading skills.Objective: This study aimed to analyzethe guessability score and the level of understanding of pharmaceutical pictograms related to the use of TB drugs.Method: This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The sample used was 96 TB patients who were actively undergoing treatment.The guessability score and level of understanding were analyzed descriptively, while the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and the level of understanding of pharmaceutical pictograms was analyzed using the Chi-square test.Results: The results showed that theguessability score of 23 pictograms tested on respondents varied greatly, with a score range of 29.2%–99%. Meanwhile,the level of respondents' understanding of pharmaceutical pictograms related to TB treatment wasin the "fair" category. The Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between the level of respondents’ education and theirunderstanding of pharmaceutical pictograms.Conclusion:The findingsofthis study demonstratedthat not all pictogram images were simple for respondentstounderstand. It is necessary to choose pictogram images that are easy for respondents to understand or redesign pictogram images so that they can be used to improvethe effectiveness of drug information delivery to patients
Characterization and determination of total phenol levels of ethanolic extract of bawang dayak bulbs (Eleutherine bulbosa urb.) based on variation in growing time of plants
Authors: Muthia Rahmi , Kartini Kartini , Jamaludin Wahyudin Bin , Damayanti Lulu
Published: September 2023

Background: Bawang dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa Urb.) grows widely in Kalimantan. This plant can be used as a raw material for medicine and is known to contain phenolic compounds that have antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The quality of the raw material of a plant determines its pharmacological activity. This is, of course, related to the content of compounds or active substances. One factor that plays an important role is the age of harvest, which can affect the content of compounds both qualitatively and quantitatively. Objective: To determine the simplicia characterization and total phenol content in bulbs of bawang dayak extracted using 96% ethanol, which were harvested at the ages of 1, 2, and 3 months. Method: Bulbs of bawang dayak are used in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months with several testing stages, namely organoleptic tests, macroscopic tests, and microscopic tests. Further qualitative analysis used TLC with chloroform and methanol (8:2) as the mobile phases. In the quantitative test, we used a UV-Via spectrophotometer with the folin-ciocalteau reagent and the gallic acid comparison. Results: The TLC test showed a positive result for phenol, which was marked after being sprayed with 1% FeCl3, a black spot appeared. The results of the determination of total phenol content in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months, respectively, were 59.196 ± 0.057, 76.596 ± 0.057, and 60.63 ± 0.2 mg/g GAE. Conclusion: The data above shows that the highest total phenol content is in the second month.
Phyllanthus niruri (Meniran) Sebagai Imunomodulator: Mekanisme aksi dan senyawa bioaktif
Authors: Hikmah Uzulul , Triastuti Asih
Published: September 2023

Latar belakang: Phyllanthus niruri merupakan tanaman obat yang memiliki beberapa aktivitas farmakologi seperti antimikroba, antioksidan, antikanker, antiinflamasi, antiplasmodium, antivirus, diuretik, hepatoprotektif, dan sebagai imunomodulator.

Tujuan: Melakukan tinjauan analisis mengenai efektivitas P. niruri) sebagai imunomodulator pada uji preklinis maupun uji klinis.

Hasil: Kandungan kimia P. niruri seperti flavonoid, lignan, terpenoid, dan alkaloid berperan penting pada aktivitas farmakologi P. niruri sebagai imunomodulator.  Uji in silico menunjukkan potensi P. niruri sebagai imunomodulator pada infeksi Covid-19 dengan berikatan pada protein spike dan protease yang bertanggungjawab pada replikasi dan pematangan virus. Uji in vitro dan in vivo menunjukkan bahwa P. niruri mampu meningkatkan aktivitas fagositosis dari makrofag, meningkatkan antibodi serum total, dan mengurangi inflamasi. Pengujian klinis membuktikan bahwa P. niruri memiliki aktivitas imunomodulator baik pada subjek uji sehat maupun pada pasien.

Kesimpulan: Phyllanthus niruri memiliki aktivitas sebagai imunomodulator baik pada pengujian preklinis maupun klinis.

Kata kunci : Phyllanthus niruri, Imunomodulator, Imunostimulan, Metabolit sekunder
Unveiling the hidden power: How ESG enhanced Indonesian companies' financial flexibility
Authors: Yunica Ayudya Shinta , Rofikoh Rokhim
Published: September 2023

Purpose – The company’s investors and lenders increasingly see that ESG is an important aspect to implement and disclose that can determine their investment or lending decision. This decision can impact the firm's capital inflow and financing capability, which can affect the company's financial flexibility. This study aims to show the effect of ESG on financial flexibility and the mediating role of financial constraints.
Design/methodology/approach – This study used companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2015 to 2021 as a sample. The final sample included 233 unbalanced panel data points from 48 listed firms. Path analysis and Sobel test are used to test the mediating role of financial constraint.
Findings – The results revealed a notable positive influence of ESG performance on financial flexibility. However, both the path analysis and Sobel test findings indicated that financing constraints were unsuccessful in mediating the relationship between a company's ESG performance and financial flexibility, as the direct effect remained stronger.
Research limitations/implications – This study only use enterprises from Indonesia as samples. Secondly, this study applied conventional methodologies commonly used in the existing literature to quantify variables. Third, this study relied on Refinitive ESG rating data and did not compare the ESG ratings from multiple institutions.
Practical implications – This research's findings prove to company management that adopting ESG practices in Indonesia can positively influence cash flow and financial flexibility. As a result, it incentivizes companies to be more open to voluntarily disclosing ESG-related information.
Originality/value – Little research has discussed whether ESG affects financial constraints and financial flexibility in Indonesia. This study also studies the differences in the effect of ESG performance on financial flexibility directly and indirectly through financial constraint as a mediator, which has not been covered in previous studies.
Testing RNN-LSTM Forecasting with Simulated Time-Series : Exploring Univariate Sensitivity
Authors: Chakraborty Nachiketa
Published: September 2023

With an explosion of data in the nearly every domain, from physical and environmental sciences to econometrics and even social science, we have entered a golden era of time-domain data science. In addition to ever increasing data volumes and varieties of time-series, there's a plethora of techniques available to analyses them. Unsurprisingly, machine learning approaches are very popular. In environmental sciences (ranging from climate studies to space weather/solar physics), machine learning (ML )and deep learning (DL) approaches complement the traditional data assimilation approaches. In solar and astrophysics, multiwavelength time-series or lightcurves along with observations of other messengers like gravitational waves provide a treasure trove of time-domain data for ML/DL approaches for modeling and forecasting. In this regard, deep learning algorithms such as recurrent neural networks (RNNs) should prove extremely powerful for forecasting as it has in several other domains. Such methods agnostic of the physics can only predict transient flares that are represented in the original distribution trained on (eg. coloured noise fluctuations) and not special, isolated episodes (eg. a one-off outburst like a major coronal mass ejection) potentially distinguishing them. Therefore it is vital to test robustness of these techniques ; here we attempt to make a small contribution to this by exploring sensitivity of RNNs with some rudimentary experiments. We test the performance of a very successful class of RNNs, the Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) algorithms with simulated lightcurves. As an example, we focus on univariate forecasting of time-series (or lightcurves) characteristic certain variable astrophysical objects (eg. active galactic nuclei or AGN). Specifically, we explore the sensitivity of training and test losses to key parameters of the LSTM network and data characteristics namely gaps and complexity measured in terms of number of Fourier components. We find that typically, the performances of LSTMs are better for pink or flicker noise type sources. The key parameters on which performance is dependent are batch size for LSTM and the gap percentage of the lightcurves. While a batch size of $10-30$ seems optimal, the most optimal test and train losses are under $10 \%$ of missing data for both periodic and random gaps in pink noise. The performance is far worse for red noise. This compromises detectability of transients. Thus, we show that generative models (time-series simulations) are excellent guides for use of RNN-LSTMs in building forecasting systems
Human Perceptions Based on Translations of Recurrent Neural Networks Principles for Low Latency Applications
Authors: Pashike Venkat Reddy Raj , SINGAM AMITESH KUMAR , Shahid Muhammad
Published: September 2023

The Necessity of Human resources beyond perception of human understanding towards the Evaluation of video quality or Data screening methodology is conducted based on human perception level since it is concerned with how visual content is perceived by a observer based on observations with his/ her perception on a particular video sequence. Therefore, we considered that the subject has to grade the encoded video sequences under certain test environment conditions based on ITU-Recommendations. Since Human perception is considered as the true judgment and precise measurement of visual content, data screening has became quite essential and quite comfortable to general public due to introduction of User Experience(UX) concept by User Experience community. The translations of A recurrent neural network is based on certain principles, for instance we considered natural language processing which is certainly adaptable towards understanding sequential data and use patterns to predict the consistency within observers. In our research, we adapted principles based on Recurrent Neural Networks while assuming consistency within observers for predicting video quality within data screening environment towards subjective experiments. Moreover,this research work explores the trade offs between Human perception on visual content and consistency of observations within individual observer.
Compound Extremes of Droughts and Pluvials: A Review and Exploration of Spatio-Temporal Characteristics and Associated Risks in the Canadian Prairies
Authors: Wheaton Elaine , Bonsal Barrie , Sauchyn David
Published: August 2023

The Canadian Prairies are associated with high natural hydroclimatic variability including the frequent periodic occurrence of droughts and pluvials. These extremes carry various risks in-cluding significant damage to the economy, environment and society. The well-documented level of damage necessitates further risk assessment and planned reductions to vulnerability, particu-larly in light of a warming climate. A logical starting point involves awareness and information about the changing characteristics of such climate extremes. We focus on the compound occurrence of droughts and pluvials as the risks from this type of event are magnified compared to the hy-droclimatic extremes in isolation. Also, research on compound droughts and pluvials is limited. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to synthesize recent literature concerning the risks of com-pound droughts and pluvials, including examples of past occurrences, with a focus on the Cana-dian Prairies. Since literature from the Prairies is limited, global work is also reviewed. Rela-tionships between drought and pluvials are characterized using the SPEI Global Monitor for the Prairies, emphasizing the recent past, and through synthesis from the Prairie literature. That re-search mostly considers drought and pluvials as separate events, but is integrated here to charac-terize the relationships of these extremes. Examples of periods of compound droughts and exces-sive rainfall provide insights into the regional hydroclimatic variability. Furthermore, most lit-erature on future projections strongly suggests that this variability is likely to increase, mainly driven by anthropogenic climate change. These findings suggest means of decreasing vulnerabil-ity and associated damages. Although the study area is the Canadian Prairies, the work is rele-vant to other regions that are becoming more vulnerable to increasing risks of and vulnerabilities to such compound extremes.
Enhancing Automated Scoring of Math Self-Explanation Quality using LLM-Generated Datasets: A Semi-Supervised Approach
Authors: NAKAMOTO Ryosuke , Flanagan Brendan , Yamauchi Taisei , Yilling Dai , Takami Kyosuke , Ogata Horoaki
Published: September 2023

In the realm of mathematics education, self-explanation stands as a crucial learning mechanism, allowing learners to articulate their comprehension of intricate mathematical concepts and strategies. As digital learning platforms grow in prominence, there are mounting opportunities to collect and utilize mathematical self-explanations. However, these opportunities are met with challenges in automated evaluation. Automatic scoring of mathematical self-explanations is crucial for preprocessing tasks, including the categorization of learner responses, identification of common misconceptions, and the creation of tailored feedback and model solutions. Nevertheless, this task is hindered by the dearth of ample sample sets. Our research introduces a semi-supervised technique using the Language Learning Model (LLM), specifically its Japanese variant, to enrich datasets for the automated scoring of mathematical self-explanations. We rigorously evaluated the quality of self-explanations across five datasets, ranging from human-evaluated originals to ones devoid of original content. Our results show that combining LLM-based explanations with mathematical material significantly improves the model's accuracy. Interestingly, there's an optimal limit to how much synthetic self-explanation data can bene-fit the system. Exceeding this limit doesn't further improve outcomes. This study thus highlights the need for careful consideration when integrating synthetic data into solutions, especially within the mathematics discipline.
Precision in Dermatology: Developing an Optimal Feature Selection Framework for Skin Lesion Classification
Authors: Akram Tallha , Junejo Riaz , Alsuhaibani Anas , Rafiullah Muhammad , Akram Adeel , Almujally Nouf Abdullah
Published: September 2023

Melanoma is widely recognized as one of the most lethal forms of skin cancer, with its incidence showing an upward trend in recent years. Nonetheless, the timely detection of this malignancy substantially enhances the likelihood of patients’ long-term survival. Several computer-based methods have recently been proposed in the pursuit of diagnosing skin lesions at their early stages. Despite achieving some level of success, there still remains a margin of error that the machine learning community considers to be an unresolved research challenge. This study presents a novel framework for the classification of skin lesions. The framework incorporates deep features to generate a highly discriminant feature vector, while also maintaining the integrity of the original feature space. Recent deep models including Darknet53, DenseNet201, InceptionV3, and InceptionResNetV2 are employed in our study for the purpose of feature extraction. Additionally, transfer learning is leveraged to enhance the performance of our approach. In the subsequent phase, the extracted feature information from the chosen pre-existing models is combined, with the aim of preserving maximum information, prior to undergoing the process of feature selection using a novel entropy-controlled grey wolf optimization (ECGWO) algorithm. The integration of fusion and selection techniques is employed to initially incorporate the feature vector with a high level of information and subsequently eliminate redundant and irrelevant feature information. The efficacy of our design is substantiated through the evaluation on three benchmark dermoscopic datasets, namely PH2, ISIC-MSK, and ISIC-UDA. In order to validate the proposed methodology, a comprehensive evaluation is conducted, including a rigorous comparison with established techniques in the field.
Optimized Extraction of Polyphenols, LC-MS/MS, and GC-MS Identification of Metabolites from the Selected Medicinal Herbs, Their Antioxidant and Anti-diabetic Potential
Authors: Kiani Hafiza Sehrish , Ali Baber , Al-Sadoon Mohammad Khalid , Al-Otaibi Hammad , Ali Akhtar
Published: September 2023

Culinary herbs and spices are widely used in daily diets. Pakistan flora is enriched with phytochemicals due to a diverse range of land. Phytochemicals, including volatile and non-volatile compounds, have captured much interest due to their numerous health advantages and significance in daily diet. The present study aimed to conduct in-depth metabolomic profiling of Pakistani-grown fenugreek leaves (Trigonella foenum-graecum), fennel seeds (Foeniculum vulgare), mint leaves (Mentha royleana), coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum) and basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum) by using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The first study was conducted to optimize extraction using different solvents (methanol, ethanol, chloroform, acetone, and water). Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total condensed tannins (TCT) were quantified along with the antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities. The highest TPC (125.42 ± 10.89 mg GAE/g) and the highest antioxidant and anti-diabetic potential were quantified in mint. Seventy-one phytochemical metabolites were identified using LC-MS/MS, while forty-nine volatile constituents were identified using the GC-MS. A positive correlation was identified between phenolic contents and their biological activities. Furthermore, molecular docking helped to find drug molecules with more excellent anti-diabetic activity based on their binding affinities. This study suggests that selected medicinal herbs from Pakistan have significant nutraceutical and phytopharmaceutical potential. This study could further help in drug discovery.