bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE VS DESIGNER: THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON DESIGN PRACTICE
Authors: Irbite Andra , Strode Aina
Published: May 2021

Technological advances, including the use of possibilities offered by artificial intelligence (AI), have become an area of strategic importance and a key driver of economic development. AI today has been integrated into a variety of economies, the design industry is no exception: AI is being increasingly applied in the development of design products and services. However, as technological breakthroughs rapidly shift the borders between the work tasks performed by humans and those performed by machines and algorithms, global labor markets are undergoing major transformations. This raises the question: how are these changes affecting and will continue to affect designers’ work in the future? What skill sets will be needed for designers to begin or continue working in the industry? The article aims to perform a meta-analysis, summarizing the research on the impact of AI on the designer’s professional activity and test the capabilities and results of AI-based design solutions. Research methods – theoretical – research and analysis of literature and Internet resources; empirical – case study to analyze possibilities and results of AI-based design solutions.
CAREER MYTHS FROM STUDENTS AND EDUCATORS PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Šmitiņa Agita
Published: May 2021

Drastic and structural changes in the labour market and organizational environment related to the Covid-19 pandemic, rapid technological development, general globalization trends, demographic deterioration and other economic changes signal the need to find new approaches to the classical career management paradigm. Several studies on occupational segregation show that various stereotypes and misconceptions affecting the choice of occupations for young people are still relevant, but changes in the working environment also determine changes in this context. The European Social Fund project “Career Support in General and Vocational Education Institutions” has made huge contributions to the improvement of the career guidance system in Latvia since 2016, developing and approbating career development support action plans, along with informative and methodological materials, as well as educating career counsellors and support specialists, thereby updating their approaches to career guidance and management. This study analysed the views of students and educational staff about current beliefs and stereotypes about career choices and management. Data from the 96 specialists and managers surveyed from different educational institutions reveal that educators have a strong belief in the importance of career stability. A majority believe that career choice is not always a guided process, although most support the involvement of career professionals. The importance of prestigious education and hard work, as well as success in one’s career, is emphasized. The 10th through 12th grade students were surveyed in 2019–2020 in Daugavpils, Dobele, Ogre and Riga general educational schools. In the opinions of these pupils, there is evidence of various stereotypes regarding the choice of profession, as well as the correspondence of career beliefs and convictions within the dynamics of modern working life.
VIOLENCE RISK ASSESSMENT IN PSYCHIATRY - LITERATURE REVIEW AND PRACTICE COMPARISON BETWEEN LATVIA AND GERMANY
Authors: Konstantinova Karina , Kuznecova Alina
Published: May 2021

Evidence-based future community violence risk assessment is a crucial issue in psychiatry. It is a cornerstone of safeguarding the rights of persons with mental health issues. Authors aimed to analyse the modern methods of risk assessment in psychiatry and the current practice and legal framework. Authors undertook a scoped review of the literature with search terms related to future community violence risk prediction for mentally disordered offenders in Latvian, English, German, and Russian languages. Main difficulties in future community violence risk assessment are demonstrated via Latvia’s court decisions analysis. Marked differences were identified: there are no standardized methods available/registered in Latvia, therefore risks assessment is performed via clinical assessment only. In Germany, the risk assessment is performed via structured evidence – based risk assessment tools and clinical assessment; nevertheless, the choice of the assessment tool remains challenging.
PHARMACEUTICAL CARE AND EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION WITH CUSTOMERS
Authors: Ardava Elita , Gustiņa Nelda , Šukele Renāte , Onževs Oskars
Published: May 2021

Nowadays, the provision of pharmaceutical care and effective communication with customers are being discussed more often. A pharmacist is a specialist in his field with specific knowledge in the field of pharmacy. Therefore, the trust from the customer’s side and a kind, informative, and professional approach from the pharmacist’s side are very important in this case. Objective: To clarify what knowledge do the pharmacy customers have about pharmaceutical care and how satisfied they are with the pharmaceutical care services. The research was conducted using a quantitative survey, the statistical analysis of the obtained data was carried out using data processing software Microsoft Office Excel 2010, 267 respondents from various regions of Latvia were surveyed. Only 37% of respondents understand meaning of pharmaceutical care. This means that most of the customers are unaware of the duties and responsibilities of a pharmacist. Most of the respondents associate pharmaceutical care with medication dispense, consultation and good customer service. It would be necessary to inform society about pharmaceutical care and its importance in healthcare. Conclusions: The hypothesis put forward in the thesis confirms that society needs to be informed about pharmaceutical care, and pharmacist duties and responsibilities.
THE POTENTIAL AND WORKING VOCAL RANGE OF GIRLS AGED 6 TO 12
Authors: Ivane Madara , Trinīte Baiba
Published: May 2021

Aim of this study is to determine the potential and working vocal range in the results of objective and subjective voice range evaluation in elementary school girls – solo singers. Theoretical part contains review of other authors’ studies related to child’s voice range from 6 to 12 years. Practical part of the study offered making of the phonetogram by using Voice Range Profile software (CSL 4500, Kay Pentax, USA) as an objective method for voice range evaluation. For subjective voice analysis, a voice range evaluation in form of vocal exercises was performed. It is understood that the objective voice evaluation reflects the potential of girls’ voice range, while the subjective evaluation – current working voice range. Fourteen girls attending solo singing classes were part of this study (medium age: 9.14 years; SD: 1.79 years; age range: 6-12 years). Three study groups were formed: 6-8 year old girls (n = 5); 9-10 year old girls (n=5); 11-12 year old girls (n=4). In 6-8 year old girls, VRP was from sol# (204.31 Hz, SD: 26, 05) to do3 (1047.72, SD: 409.70), but in subjective voice range evaluation, it was from la (220.28 Hz, SD: 18.88) to fa2 (775.90 Hz, SD: 70.64). In the group from 9-10 year old girls VRP range was from fa (171.25 Hz, SD: 16.03) to re#3 (1224.47 Hz, SD: 156.12), but current working voice range was from sol (208.79 Hz, SD: 24.90) to sol#2 (842.20 Hz, SD: 132.80). In 11-12 years old girls objective VRP results were fa# (186.54 Hz, SD: 27.76) to re#3 (1277.61 Hz, SD: 80.09), while from sol (208.23 Hz, SD: 12.16) to si2 (933.46 Hz, SD: 175.22) the work range was. In discussion part findings by other authors are compared to the objective and subjective voice range data acquired in this study. It is concluded that potential child’s voice range in girls 6-12 years of age exceeds two octaves yet working range reaches up to two octaves.
EXPLORATION OF EURASIAN PRISON CHAPLAINS’ PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING TO RAISE THEIR JOB SATISFACTION
Authors: Ignatsson Jan , Odiņa Indra
Published: May 2021

The article aims to attract the attention of policymakers, educators, business-affiliated bodies, and community to the psychological well-being of such prison staff members as chaplains whose job satisfaction will directly influence inmates’ rehabilitation and the health of the society in general. A phenomenological research was carried out in a non-profit organization Good News Jail and Prison Ministry whose mission is to provide spiritually mature, equipped, and motivated chaplains serving in 22 states, one American territory and 25 countries. The research sample was the participants of six Eurasian regions. The data were collected using interviews, diary notes and reports of stakeholder and problem tree analysis. The literature review and the gained data reveal a clear profile of what and who prison chaplains should be to guide prisoners towards their integration into society. It exposes both sides of the same system, known as penitentiary, as well as indicates problem solution strategies as well as requirements to maintain the work in line with trends in the branch. The research has brought repeatedly proved evidence that the complicity of “state of the art” calls for more attention from policymakers, educators, business-affiliated bodies, and states clearly that more research is necessary.
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT ASSESSMENT APPROACHES OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING RESULTS IN EUROPEAN UNION MEMBER STATES
Authors: Tentere Grieta
Published: May 2021

Work based learning (WBL), introduced in Vocational education and training (VET) system, promises to increase economic competitiveness and development of the knowledge-based economy in Latvia. WBL aims to provide knowledge and understanding regarding types of work in a chosen occupation, build specific competencies needed for work and motivate young people to acquire 21st Century skills for smoother transition from education to sustainable employment and development of their professional career. WBL is closely linked to life-long guidance at all stages of decision making: future occupation or workplace, upskilling or reskilling, acquisition of transferable skills or career management skills. Ensuring effective integration of life-long guidance with WBL three elements are essential: engagement before entering WBL programmes; achievement within WBL to encourage participation and successful completion; transition to work after graduating VET supported by personalised follow-up and on-going career support.WBL is a new approach for most European Union Member States (EU MS), ensuring a positive impact on employment perspectives for students by providing skills demanded by employers and an acceptable level of VET quality, allowing the VET graduate to find a job quickly or obtain a well-paid job. The European Quality Assurance Reference Framework for VET (EQAVET) is an EU instrument to improve the systems of Quality Assurance (QA) in VET, based on a quality cycle and on using performance indicators and self-assessment. EQAVET proposes indicators that could be utilized to monitor VET provision and for peer reviews between EU MS. Most indicators serve as VET performance indicators, however some characterize VET impact on the graduate’s transition to work. Analysis of the positive and negative aspects of VET QA indicators could be the basis for development of WBL and support life-long learning strategies.
THE ACQUISITION OF RUSSIAN GRAMMAR CASES BY BRAZILIAN STUDENTS
Authors: Sabadin Santos T. Medina Joao Paulo , Budnik Ekaterina
Published: May 2021

The analysis of Russian discourse in the proficiency levels B1 and B2 points out to Brazilian students' assimilation problems regarding the grammar cases. Such problems are interpreted based on the structural comparison between the verb-object relations in Portuguese and Russian: - the verb and object may be connected directly or through a preposition; - the meaning is also intermediated by the grammar cases. To establish interlinguistic equivalents, they are compared structures with similar meaning in the native language compared to the learnt one. The research aims to understand through an empirical approach to Brazilian students' difficulties when learning grammar cases regarding their native language interference. The authors recorded interviews with Brazilian students in the referred proficiency levels, which were considered under the typological comparison; a questionary answered by the same students was then implemented to confirm such difficulties. The results indicate the structural divergence and consequent difficulty of Brazilian students to acquire the Dative and the Instrumental cases when a preposition does not intermediate the verb-object relation.
COMICS AS EDUCATIONAL TOOLS IN TEACHING ENGLISH GRAMMAR, LEXIS AND COMMUNICATION SKILLS
Authors: Sedliarova Olga , Soloveva Natalia
Published: May 2021

The paper claims comics to be efficient multimodal tools in teaching students of English not only grammar and vocabulary but also some communication skills, social and language norms of conducting a conversation. Being entertaining and having the multimodal potential that results in a strong effect on the recipients’ responsiveness, comics highly motivate students to integrate in education process and make learning fun for teachers and children alike.The authors aim at presenting an algorithm of teaching English and conversation skills by means of comics design teaching  passing through the following stages: introducing the communicative situation, learning cultural data (linguistic and extralinguistic) and a conversation pattern (social rules for opening, developing and closing a conversation), imitating the conversation, working with grammar patterns and speech clichés, reproducing the conversation following the pictures, and, finally, acting it out. Comics vividly demonstrate facial expressions and gestures of the characters that are crucial in communicating certain ideas in a multisemiotic way either accompanying speech or performing on their own.The authors present the results of the experimental teaching to nine/ ten-year old children in a secondary school in Russia which prove comics to be functional, well-structured tools for acquiring grammar, lexis and communication skills by young learners of English.
OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES OF ORGANIZING AND IMPLEMENTING DISTANCE PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION: TEACHERS’ OPINIONS
Authors: Braslauskienė Rasa , Jacynė Reda , Norviliene Aida , Ramanauskienė Sada , Strazdienė Neringa
Published: May 2021

The Council of the European Union (2020) points out that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on education and teaching systems and has fundamentally changed the way we learn, teach, communicate and collaborate within and between our education and teaching communities. The aim of this study is to explore the opinion of pre-school teachers on the opportunities and challenges faced by them in organizing and conducting pre-school education at a distance. The strategy of qualitative research was chosen for the study, Klaipėda city pre-school education teachers were interviewed. The study revealed that teachers did not change the content of education programs, sought to maintain the continuity of education and develop all the competencies of preschool children. Various digital and technical tools for distance education were used. Participants of the educational process experienced a variety of emotions and disturbances. Teachers missed for more decisive action of the institution’s administration. The opinion of educators discovered during the research helped to highlight advantages and disadvantages of distance pre-school education.
DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ INDIVIDUALITY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: THE IMPACT OF DISTANT AND ONLINE EDUCATION
Authors: Nesyna Svetlana
Published: May 2021

This article focuses on the problem of students' individuality developing as an important part of human individuality in the process of distance and online education during Covid-19 Pandemic. The theoretical basis is O. Grebenyuk’s individuality concept. In it, the individuality is defined as the unity of seven spheres, including intellectual, motivational, emotional, volitional, practical and subject-oriented, self-regulative and existential ones which are characterized the originality and uniqueness of a person. Positive students' individuality developing affects success of higher education and professional activity in medicine. This study adresses three key issues. First, it looks at the problem of students' individuality developing in the process of distance and online education during Covid-19 Pandemic. Second, it turns to examine dynamics of students' individuality spheres and components during one semester of professional training at the university. Finally, the paper considers gender differences in dynamics of students' individuality. The data for this study were collected using the questionnaire “The Technique of Student’s Individuality” by T. Grebenyuk. Eighty-five students were recruited for this research. The participants study at Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, they are future health professionals. The results suggest that in the process of distance and on-line education during Covid-19 Pandemic, positive dynamics in the development of all individuality spheres of medical students is revealed, especially in the motivational and intellectual spheres. The dynamics of all individuality spheres have differences in the male group of medical students except the existential sphere. But this problem needs deeper research.
PERCEPTION OF FORCED DISTANCE LEARNING BY IT STUDENTS: THE INFLUENCE OF GENDER AND JUNGIAN PERSONALITY TYPES
Authors: Zagulova Diana , Prokofyeva Natalya , Ziborova Viktorija , Špakova Anastasija
Published: May 2021

Learning in a pandemic situation has shown an increased role and need for research and implementation of personalized learning, and therefore the factors necessary to take into account when forming such an approach. The purpose of this study was, firstly, to find out how students of technical specialties perceive the fact to refuse from classroom studies, and, secondly, to determine the influence of person’s individual characteristics on attitude towards distance learning. The research results showed that a significant part of full-time IT students (about 70%) reacted positively to the advantages of distance learning and that the attitude towards this form of education is to some extent determined by gender, as well as a manifestation of Introversion-Extraversion and Thinking-Feeling.
TEACHERS` SUPPORT SERVICE AS A PART OF FLEXIBLE EDUCATION CONCEPT: EXPERIENCE OF PR CHINA
Authors: Kalashnyk Lyubov , Mkrtichan Oksana , Zhukov Kostiantyn , Marakushyn Andrey
Published: May 2021

In 2020 China became the first country of the world that faced all the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the ones that dealt with education. They were the first ones to provide lock-down and distance education as the only education reality as well as the first ones to face all the positive and negative repercussions of the process mentioned. That’s why the Chinese experience (both negative and positive) is worth presenting and exploring. There is one more peculiarity of the Chinese educational system that makes it unique and lets the country in a short period make a distance education system became competitive with the traditional off-line one. It is a teachers` support system that includes not only the teachers training system (vocational training activities), but also financial support for using different online-education tools, direct assistance of a group of specialists during preparing and lessoning, psychological support etc. The study aims to present the positive educational and organisation experience already approved in China. When writing the article, methods such as observation, study of normative and scientific literature were used for a comprehensive analysis of the new pedagogical reality - the teachers` support service.
CYBER VULNERABILITY IN LIGHT OF ONLINE LEARNING REALITY
Authors: Piscikiene Inga , Romeikiene Jurate , Šustickienė Brigita
Published: May 2021

Presently, as Covid 19 has caused most of educational processes to move online, cybersecurity and data protection is rapidly gaining importance in all educational institutions, and most of the academia became more vulnerable to cyberattacks. This article sheds some light on how communities of higher education institutions perceive increased online threats, what measures they take to protect themselves against cybercrime, whether they practice good security hygiene. This paper presents and analyses results of a survey conducted at higher education institutions (universities, colleges) into perception of cybersecurity, online culture and hygiene during the present times of remote education.
PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS FOR TEACHING GRAPHIC SUBJECTS ONLINE
Authors: Jurane Ieva , Leja Ella
Published: May 2021

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, schools and universities around the world are moving to online learning. Various technologies and techniques have been invented around the world, but they do not solve simple problems such as task logistics between teacher and student. There is a large non-creative additional work load. The article discusses the problems encountered in teaching graphic subjects online and the tools and techniques that can be used.Breakout rooms in ZOOM have been found as a good option for practical work in engineering graphics. The aim of the article is to describe the experience gained in teaching engineering graphics online in the spring and autumn semesters of 2020, as well as to analyse the results of the survey at the end of the year.
BILATERAL SOCIAL DIALOGUE IN THE EDUCATION SECTOR IN LATVIA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Vanaga Inga , Grinfelde Anda , Paula Liga
Published: May 2021

In 2020, the world was unprepared for the spread of the coronavirus pandemic. , . In Latvia, respective decisions and restrictions were made at the national, municipal and educational institution’s level, as it was important to respond promptly, flexibly and in accordance with the individual’s health security to ensure safe educational process. During the Covid-19 pandemic, distance learning was provided at most educational institutions, which was not a common practice until now. It facilitated the digitalisation of education, led to rapid adaptation to change and learning to work in times of crisis and limited resources. In the paper, theoretical findings of human capital and the agent network theory are used to reflect the provision of professional support for teachers and to analyse the implementation of cooperation or bilateral social dialogue during the state of emergency in Latvia. In 2020, the Latvian Trade Union of Education and Science Employees conducted two surveys of teachers of pre-school, general, vocational and higher education institutions on the quality of professional life during the state of emergency. The most important factors influencing professional work are as follows: technical equipment of the study process and digital skills; organization of the work of the study process; ensuring cooperation with students and colleagues; observance of teachers’ rights; protection against the risk of developing Covid - 19. Teachers working during the Covid-19 pandemic, essential provision of information technology, accessible and high-quality Internet, development of digital skills, reimbursement of teleworking, samples of adapted teaching aids, methodological and psychological support, guarantees of employment stability, observance of labour law, professional crisis communication with the parties involved in the educational process (employer, colleagues, students, parents).
TOPICS OF MEDIA LITERACY IN THE CONTENT OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION IN THE SUBJECT OF THE LATVIAN LANGUAGE
Authors: Murinska Sandra , Kaļva-Miņina Inga
Published: May 2021

People are facing the growth and access of information, as well as the various forms of communication. While some part of society experience a lack of information, others are flooded with printed, broadcast and digital content. UNESCO argues that media and information literacy can provide answers to questions related to our culture of information and critical thinking. Media literacy must be discussed through education, because teachers are the key person to literacy of the society. An important way to update media literacy among teachers and students is to introduce it in the curriculum. The topic of media literacy is currently included in the curriculum based on the new competency approach in Latvia. When evaluating the curriculum of the subject of the Latvian language, the aim of the paper is to determine which topics and aspects of media literacy are included in the curriculum of the Latvian language and what pupils' skills and knowledge they promote.
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY: CASE FOR TERTIARY EDUCATION IN TERMS OF SMART ECONOMICS
Authors: Mietule Iveta , Hushko Serhii , Maksymova Irina , Sheludiakova Nataliya , Kulishov Volodymyr , Lonska Jelena
Published: May 2021

This research analyses information and communication technology as an effective tool and infrastructural basis for tertiary education development. The paper aimed to determine common roadmap of ICT implementation into national educational system taking into account variable factors of smart economics, global digitalisation and conditions of the international environment. Sufficient evidence of European countries’ willingness to ICT transformation is illustrated. A subsidiary objective of this research involves the building of a logical model outlining correlation between tertiary education and level of ICT access by the example of some European member states and Ukraine. Statistical data were based on variable indicators describing ICT infrastructure, education effectiveness and economics. The methodology of statistical methods and GAP-analysis was applied. This allowed revealing complex recommendations for the transformation of education into a smart education. The research highlights key considerations and important trends in the development of European education under the digitalisation.
RESEARCH OF ROBOTIC SYSTEMS CONTROL METHODS USING MOTION RECOGNITION TOOLS, MACHINE LEARNING AND SKELETALIZATION ALGORITHMS
Authors: Sakalys Paulius , Savulioniene Loreta , Savulionis Dainius
Published: May 2021

The aim of the research is to develop possible control methods of robotic systems based on the usability of motion detection equipment, skeletalization algorithms and robotic systems, integrating them into the existing test bench by performing compatibility tests. The article reviews the possible motion detection systems, establishing the criteria of applicability in the control of robotic systems, describes the experimental research plan, research stand, discusses the research results and presents summarized conclusions and suggestions for the integration of research results into the educational process.
PASSING IDENTITY AND ETHNIC CULTURE IN LATVIAN EMIGRANT FAMILIES
Authors: Koroļeva Ilze , Pranka Maruta , Elksne Ginta
Published: May 2021

The paper discusses the problem of preserving native Latvian language and the transfer of cultural identity in Latvian diaspora. One of the central tasks for Latvia’s diaspora policy is to support preservation of Latvian language and culture in diaspora with the aim of strengthening the Latvian identity and the sense of belonging to Latvia. Support is provided to diaspora schools for preserving Latvian language, culture and identity outside of Latvia. However, for children not to lose their Latvian language skills it is important that the language is used also in the family.This paper uses a combination of a quantitative survey and in-depth interviews with the parents of children in diaspora. The aim is to ascertain the language situation in the diaspora, explore practices and perspectives on sustaining Latvian language and ethnic culture.In the theoretical aspect, the research data is approached with reference to P. Bourdieu’s view on language skills as linguistic capital, a form of cultural capital. Parent’s attention to sustaining their heritage language in emigration is analysed in relation to children’s identity formation and family communication with family members left behind. The data confirms that parents play a big role in language acquisition and sustaining by children in emigration, and parents hold the main responsibility in the process of realizing ethnic identity as a value.
FUTURE MIGRATION DECISIONS: AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH
Authors: Apsite-Berina Elina , Krisjane Zaiga , Burgmanis Girts
Published: May 2021

The volatile political and institutional scene in Europe implies that future migration-related decision making can be re-assessed. Implications that migrants face might lead to a remarkable shift in migration trajectories and the need to adopt various future geographic mobility decisions. Therefore, this paper demonstrates to what extent the experimental approach can illustrate future migration-related decision making. This study explores the geographic selectivity of migration intensions of international students under four hypothetical scenarios.  The data was collected in 2019 from a sample of international students in Latvia, accounting for 500 experimental participants.The findings suggest that majority of international students studying in Latvia would prefer relocation. Besides, it is indicative that institutional barriers such as the need for a visa are much less critical than economic conditions, wage level and overall quality of life. Such indicative factors as wage level increase in Latvia would substantially boost the possibility to stay in Latvia; however, changes related to family or personal reasons are essential triggers for the students to return to their home countries.
INSTITUTIONALISATION OF RETURN MIGRATION IN LATVIA: THE CASE OF REGIONAL COORDINATORS
Authors: Prusakova Laura , Bērziņš Māris , Apsīte-Beriņa Elīna
Published: May 2021

Emigration countries such as Latvia institutionally should address the negative consequences of the ageing populations' economic and demographic challenges. To this aim, in 2018 network of five regional return migration coordinators was established to foster and nationally encourage return migration. The primary function of the regional coordinator is to foster and facilitate requests of potential return migrants.Drawing on interview materials collected in 2020 with return migration coordinators at the regional level – Latgale, Vidzeme, Zemgale, Kurzeme and Riga, we illustrate good-practice of return migration institutionalisation in Latvia.Our study focuses on three main fields of interest within the work of regional return coordinators: 1) what are the typical return migration paths from the coordinators' perspective? 2) what are the main challenges in coordinators' work? 3) how education-related issues for return migrants are solved?The research reveals that people typically return for family reasons and long for their homeland, traditions, and traditional settings. The research states that the main challenges coordinators' work relates to is the low standardisation level as each returnee's case is unique.
THE IMPACT OF IDEA MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ON INTELLECTUAL RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Miķelsone Elīna , Volkova Tatjana , Spilbergs Aivars , Liela Elita
Published: May 2021

Topicality/Problem. Idea management systems (IMS) are manageable, systematic tools, tool kits or complex systems that helps to generate and evaluate ideas and are an important element of organizational development. Many well-known organizations (e.g. Volkswagen, Microsoft, GE Healthcare, Procter and Gamble, Boeing, Siemens, etc) are successfully applying web-based IMS. But there is no research that explores the impact of web-based IMS on intellectual resources development. Research aim – to research the impact of IMS on intellectual resources development and to provide recommendations to practitioners for its broader assistance in enterprises to ensure innovation acceleration. Methodological approach. The empirical research was based on 447 enterprise survey applying. The research results show the following results: IMS application has resulted in a new intellectual resource, in a patents and improved innovation acceleration.Research limitations. Survey research may limit the generalisability of the result, because the survey target group is commercially available web-based IMS applied enterprises.Originality/value.  The research based on the empirical data analysis contributes to understanding the directions and significance of IMS impact on intellectual resources development.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE SECURING A CLAIM IN LATVIAN LEGAL POLICY PLANNING DOCUMENTS
Authors: Gvozdevičs Andrejs
Published: May 2021

In the framework of his scientific work, the author makes a research on the problematic aspects of the procedure of the securing a claim, including in legal policy planning documents, which  play an important role in the development of the procedure of the securing a claim. Topicality and novelty of the research are reflected in the fact that until now in the legal doctrine weren’t made depth and extensive researches of the role of legal policy planning documents in solving problems of the securing a claim. The aim of the research was to analyze legal policy documents regarding to the procedure of the securing a claim in order to identify plans of the public administration to improve the procedure of the securing a claim and civil procedure in general. In the present research, using the analytical, descriptive and deduction / induction method, was analyzed the normative acts and legal policy planning documents of the public administration. Results: Analyzing the legal policy planning documents related to the procedure of the securing a claim, it has been established that public administration has not planned to carry out reforms of the provision of the securing a claim, except for the planned regulation on the possibilities of the securing claim in the non-material nature claims, which, unfortunately, is still not fulfilled. Conclusions: The public administration should clearly define in legal policy documents the objectives and tools for making modern and effective civil procedure in general and the procedure of the securing a claim in particular.
LEADERSHIP AND TEAM PERFORMANCE AS DEVELOPMENT TOOL FOR CREATING SUSTAINABLE EDUCATION
Authors: Kvelde Anna
Published: May 2021

Team performance is important at work and in organizational psychology as it aims to promote human energy. The human energy is more than just a “New Age” concept, it has a substantial and predictable effect on performance and innovation in organizations. The aim of the study is to examine relations between leadership style and team performance and mediating role is played by the productive organizational energy. The study is based on literature and quantitative and qualitative research methods. A theoretical framework is assessed in the empirical study in Latvian organizations in 2019. The study was accomplished in co-operation with America company "The Energy Project" and the University of Arizona. The article reveals the model of human energy as a scientifically-based approach and transformational leadership as a development tool, which already has spread in all sectors of western societies, including educational organizations. The materials and recommendations can be used to assist organizations in identifying practices, processes and initiatives, which can have a positive impact on team performance and organizational energy. The general conclusion is that the transformation leadership lays a positive dynamic in the development of the team performance for sustainable education. The educational organizations can progress productive performance and create sustainable education in a particular manner by focusing on their human resources; considering their growth, development and well-being.
IMPROVING OF TAX LITERACY OF RUSSIAN POPULATION IN TERMS OF DIGITALIZATION OF THE ECONOMY
Authors: Aleksandrova Elena
Published: May 2021

The article presents an overview of the concept of tax literacy as the main element of financial literacy and the necessary prerequisite for the formation of the tax culture of society and the individual. The expansion of the field of knowledge and skills that form the tax literacy of the population in the era of the digital economy is shown.The aim of the study is to analyze the prerequisites for the formation and development of tax literacy in the Russian Federation and its impact on improving the efficiency of the tax system. The study used traditional methods of scientific research, the monographic method, and the method of comparative analysis.The results of a comparative analysis of the level of financial literacy in different countries showed the insufficiency of its development in Russia. Based on the analysis of the state of taxation of individuals in the Russian Federation, the problems of the formation of tax literacy and tax culture of the population of Russia are identified, for the solution of which the author formulated proposals.
SPECIAL ASPECTS OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS VALUATION FOR TRAINING SPECIALISTS OF ECONOMIC MAJORS
Authors: Masko Ludmila , Pankou Pavel
Published: May 2021

Nowadays financial instruments market is the high-priority area of economic development in Belarus, where important place is given to creation the variety of corporate financial instruments, which requires prompt response from economic sciences.However, fundamentals of financial instruments valuation and ways of reflecting them in financial statements are complex issues that require special approach in the process of instruction economic disciplines, related to these topics. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to form systematic understanding the basics of financial instruments valuation based on the study their economic essence and the development of practical guidelines for valuation methods application. In the study have been proposed new, different from existing, questions that should be considered in the course structure when studying financial instruments by students of economic majors; have been offered practical guidelines on the ways of financial instruments valuation in the form of applied models that contribute to further understanding their economic essence, creating essentials for effective usage these instruments in future. In the study the following scientific methods were used: analysis, synthesis, generalization, induction, deduction, observation, formalization. The research is based on the provisions of IFRS, works of domestic and foreign economists, current Belarussian legislation on the considered issue.
SCHENGEN BORDERS CODE IN THE ASPECT OF BORDER SECURITY
Authors: Gaveika Artūrs
Published: May 2021

Latvia has joined the Schengen area in 2007 and has already passed three Schengen evaluations. The aim of the article is to analyse the Schengen Borders Code in the context of border security.  Based on analysis of the Schengen Borders Code implementation in Latvia the author develops and puts forward suggestions on Schengen Borders Code content improvement as well as  its judicial systematisation development. The research tasks include the investigation of the current EU and national normative regulations, legal practices, the conclusions of Latvian and foreign law researchers by using analytical, historical and comparative methods.The improvement of the national normative regulation was started long before Latvia's accession to the Schengen area. In 2006, the Schengen Borders Code entered into force, which was revised due to the migration crisis in the Mediterranean region and adopted in 2016 in an improved version. The further development of the Schengen Borders Code is important from the point of view of the right to free movement of persons and from the point of view of ensuring public security in the face of today's challenges related to terrorism, international crime, uncontrolled migration and the spread of disease.The main achievement of the research is that the author has defined the main areas of Schengen Borders Code further development.
THE MEANING OF RELATIONSHIP QUALITY BY THE BUSINESS LEADERS: RESULTS OF A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Jacquemod Juija
Published: May 2021

The aim of this research is to investigate the perception of the importance of relationship quality between the organisational leaders and their subordinates. Qualitative study methodology is used, applying the Leader-member exchange (LMX) theory as a ground for the research. The paper argues the importance of attributing the LMX to the organisational micro-foundation. Results suggest that despite of understanding of the importance of respect, trust, loyalty and other organisational assets for building effective organisational culture and competitiveness in the market, the large-size organisational leaders are not familiar with the concept of quality of relationship. Therefore, highlighting this theory and stressing the importance of relationship is particularly important in the educational process while the preparation of future leaders takes place.
CORRELATION BETWEEN PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AND LEVEL OF RELIGIOSITY MANIFESTATION AT DIFFERENT AGES
Authors: Telepova Nadezhda , Telepov Mikhail
Published: May 2021

The influence of modern society non-stability due to different reasons (political, economic, epidemiological etc.) on people’s well-being, mood and health is obvious. The objective of the study is the correlation between psychological well-being and religiosity manifestation of people at different ages. In our research we set the aim of studying and revealing the dynamics of correlation between these two categories while aging. Hypothesis of our research is that there is a dynamic of correlation associations while aging and there is strong positive association between psychological well-being and religiosity manifestation at second part of middle age and old age. We take religiosity as a deep personal structure, existential attitude which cannot be limited by definite religious confession but can be measured by manifestation factors. We conducted our research on the basis of Samara Methodist Church in 2018-2020. The sample includes 85 people, among them 22 at the age of 20-24(early adulthood), 20 at the age of 25-50(first part of middle age), 21 at the age of 51-64(second part of middle age, preretirement period), 18 at the age of 65-85 (old age). Study methods: observation, conversation, “Psychological well-being scales by Carol Ryff”, authors’ “questionnaire on religiosity manifestation”, methods of mathematical statistics (Spearman's correlation coefficient). Analyzing the dynamics of the correlation between level of religiosity manifestation and psychological well-being we revealed that while aging there are quite different correlation data. There is no statistically significant association between General Index of Psychological well-being and level of religiosity manifestation at the ages of early adulthood and first part of middle age, but in the groups of participants of second part of the middle age and old age there is strong positive correlation.
PROFESSIONAL BURNOUT SYNDROME IN SOCIAL WORKERS, EMPLOYED IN COMMUNITY REHABILITATION CENTRES FOR ADDICTIVE DISEASES: THE CONTEXT OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS
Authors: Gudzinskiene Vida , Pozdniakovas Andrejus , Šinkūnienė Jautre Ramute
Published: May 2021

The article overviews the problematic questions of the study: 1) What interpersonal factors cause professional burnout syndrome in social workers, employed in community rehabilitation centres for addictive diseases; 2) How communal relationships with colleagues can help overcome professional burnout. Research object: interpersonal relationships of social workers. The aim of the article is to reveal possibilities of overcoming professional burnout syndrome on the basis of the experiences of social workers’ interpersonal relationships. Research methods: academic literature analysis, document analysis, the method of a semi-structured interview, quality (content) analysis, summarizing method were used. The study was conducted in January – March of 2020 in the community rehabilitation centre for addictive diseases. Empirical research has shown that social workers, employed in community rehabilitation centres for addictive diseases, believe that the threat and risk of professional burnout syndrome arise, first of all, from interpersonal relationships with clients: their negative attitude towards social workers, inadequate client communication culture, lack of positive feedback. Secondly, it is important for social workers to feel emotional and moral support and help of colleagues, share responsibility for work. Joint leisure time improves the quality of communication between colleagues, strengthens the inner relationship in the collective, increases work efficiency.
SELF-EFFICACY, PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND WELL-BEING FOR EMPLOYEES IN THE LABOR MARKET
Authors: Dreifelde Ilze , Zakrizevska Belogrudova Maija
Published: May 2021

In the research of the work environment and employment both in the world and in Latvia, the importance of employees' self-efficacy in work productivity,  professional development and well-being has being actualized. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there is a correlation  between self-efficacy, professional development and well-being of employees in the labor market in Latvia. Hypothesis: is there a correlation between self-efficacy, professional development and well-being for employees in Latvia. The researchquestion of the study is whether there are statistically significant differences in self-efficacy by gender. The study involved n-224 employees in the Latvian labor market aged 18 to 56, with different levels of professional development and well-being. Three methods were used: General self-efficacy scale, the Survay of self-efficacy in the main activity,Professional development needs survey. The results of the study show that there is a statistically significant relationship between self-efficacy, professional development and well-being of employees in the labor market, as well as it was found that there are no statistically significant differences of self-efficacy by gender.
DEVELOPMENT AND INITIAL VALIDATION OF THE STRESS SYMPTOMS SCALE
Authors: Dudkina Aija , Perepjolkina Viktorija
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study is to develop and to perform an initial validation of the Latvian and Russian version of the Stress Symptoms Scale. A preliminary version of the scale (k = 65) were administrated to the test development sample as an on-line survey. Additionally participants (N = 272, aged from 19 to 68, M = 37.2, SD = 11.6, 13% male) filled in the Latvian or Russian version of the Perceived Stress Scale-4 (PSS-4), and responded using 10-point scale on two criterion questions about the frequency and intensity of the experienced stress during the last two weeks. Information of their age, gender and education level were collected as well. Based on performed psychometric analysis a final version of the SSS was developed. It consists of 56 items, which can be combined into four scales: 1) Impaired functioning of cognitive processes; 2) Psychological symptoms of stress; 3) Physical symptoms of stress; 4) Emotional symptoms of stress. Based on Exploratory and Confirmatory factor analysis a four-factor solution is preferable. Both versions (LV and RUS) of the scale show excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha ranged from .92 to .98). Concurrent validity of the SSS was approved by high correlation with criterion-measures. Both versions of the SSS show acceptable to excellent psychometric properties and can be used by psychologists and other mental health professional for the better understanding of individual’s stress reactions and for a reliable evaluation of stress level based on the set of stress symptoms.