bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stabilization of Fine-Grained Soils Against Desiccation Cracking Using Sustainable Materials
Authors: Jayanthi P. N. V. , Kuntikana G. , Singh D. N.
Published: February 2017

Desiccation cracking is a phenomenon commonly associated with the fine-grained soils, which initiates at their surface and subsequently propagates deeper inside their matrix. Hence, for safe and durable infrastructure development, stabilization of such soils becomes important. In order to stabilize these soils, cement, chemicals, and fibers have been employed by earlier researchers. However, in recent times, the ill effects of these stabilizers on the ecosystem have been realized, and hence their replacement with sustainable materials that are mostly industrial by-products is becoming necessary. This philosophy would not only conserve natural resources, but would also result in a “marriage” between “two suitable” materials to create a “synergy” within the ecosystem. With this in view, the ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), a by-product from the iron and steel plants, was activated by red mud (RM), a by-product from alumina manufacturing units, with an objective to establish its utility in stabilizing the fine-grained soils against desiccation cracking. To achieve this, the parameter crack intensity factor (CIF), which has been employed by earlier researchers to quantify cracking characteristics of the (virgin) soil mass, has been employed for the soils amended with GGBS and RM. Subsequently, the CIF has been correlated with the soil specific parameters (viz., cation exchange capacity and tensile strength) and the environmental conditions (viz., humidity and temperature), represented by the evaporation rate of the soil mass. Based on these extensive investigations, it has been demonstrated that such correlations would be very useful for selection of the right combination of the soil and sustainable material(s) to achieve a stabilized system of the fine-grained soil. It has been put forth through this study that the by-products chosen exhibit high potential to stabilize the fine-grained soils, which also resulted in alteration of their micro-structure and strength post stabilization. Furthermore, studies have been carried out to establish the effect of addition of industrial by-products to virgin soils, mainly in terms of their micro-structure, which in turn controls their strength.
Identification of Genes inSaccharomyces cerevisiaethat Are Haploinsufficient for Overcoming Amino Acid Starvation
Authors: Bae Nancy S , Seberg Andrew P , Carroll Leslie P , Swanson Mark J
Published: February 2017

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae responds to amino acid deprivation by activating a pathway conserved in eukaryotes to overcome the starvation stress. We have screened the entire yeast heterozygous deletion collection to identify strains haploinsufficient for growth in the presence of sulfometuron methyl, which causes starvation for isoleucine and valine. We have discovered that cells devoid of MET15 are sensitive to sulfometuron methyl, and loss of heterozygosity at the MET15 locus can complicate screening the heterozygous deletion collection. We identified 138 cases of loss of heterozygosity in this screen. After eliminating the issues of the MET15 loss of heterozygosity, strains isolated from the collection were retested on sulfometuron methyl. To determine the general effect of the mutations for a starvation response, SMM-sensitive strains were tested for the ability to grow in the presence of canavanine, which induces arginine starvation, and strains that were MET15 were also tested for growth in the presence of ethionine, which causes methionine starvation. Many of the genes identified in our study were not previously identified as starvation-responsive genes, including a number of essential genes that are not easily screened in a systematic way. The genes identified span a broad range of biological functions, including many involved in some level of gene expression. Several unnamed proteins have also been identified, giving a clue as to possible functions of the encoded proteins.
Second-GenerationDrosophilaChemical Tags: Sensitivity, Versatility, and Speed
Authors: Sutcliffe Ben , Ng Julian , Auer Thomas O , Pasche Mathias , Benton Richard , Jefferis Gregory S X E , Cachero Sebastian
Published: February 2017

Thick tissue specimens present major challenges for labeling cells and subcellular structures in a rapid and reliable manner. Sutcliffe et al. present...

Labeling and visualizing cells and subcellular structures within thick tissues, whole organs, and even intact animals is key to studying biological processes. This is particularly true for studies of neural circuits where neurons form submicron synapses but have arbors that may span millimeters in length. Traditionally, labeling is achieved by immunofluorescence; however, diffusion of antibody molecules (>100 kDa) is slow and often results in uneven labeling with very poor penetration into the center of thick specimens; these limitations can be partially addressed by extending staining protocols to over a week (Drosophila brain) and months (mice). Recently, we developed an alternative approach using genetically encoded chemical tags CLIP, SNAP, Halo, and TMP for tissue labeling; this resulted in >100-fold increase in labeling speed in both mice and Drosophila, at the expense of a considerable drop in absolute sensitivity when compared to optimized immunofluorescence staining. We now present a second generation of UAS- and LexA-responsive CLIPf, SNAPf, and Halo chemical labeling reagents for flies. These multimerized tags, with translational enhancers, display up to 64-fold increase in sensitivity over first-generation reagents. In addition, we developed a suite of conditional reporters (4xSNAPf tag and CLIPf-SNAPf-Halo2) that are activated by the DNA recombinase Bxb1. Our new reporters can be used with weak and strong GAL4 and LexA drivers and enable stochastic, intersectional, and multicolor Brainbow labeling. These improvements in sensitivity and experimental versatility, while still retaining the substantial speed advantage that is a signature of chemical labeling, should significantly increase the scope of this technology.
Efficacy and Safety of Nonoperative Treatment for Acute Appendicitis: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Georgiou Roxani , Eaton Simon , Stanton Michael P. , Pierro Agostino , Hall Nigel J.
Published: February 2017

CONTEXT:

Nonoperative treatment (NOT) with antibiotics alone of acute uncomplicated appendicitis (AUA) in children has been proposed as an alternative to appendectomy.

OBJECTIVE:

To determine safety and efficacy of NOT based on current literature.

DATA SOURCES:

Three electronic databases.

STUDY SELECTION:

All articles reporting NOT for AUA in children.

DATA EXTRACTION:

Two reviewers independently verified study inclusion and extracted data.

RESULTS:

Ten articles reporting 413 children receiving NOT were included. Six, including 1 randomized controlled trial, compared NOT with appendectomy. The remaining 4 reported outcomes of children receiving NOT without a comparison group. NOT was effective as the initial treatment in 97% of children (95% confidence interval [CI] 96% to 99%). Initial length of hospital stay was shorter in children treated with appendectomy compared with NOT (mean difference 0.5 days [95% CI 0.2 to 0.8]; P = .002). At final reported follow-up (range 8 weeks to 4 years), NOT remained effective (no appendectomy performed) in 82% of children (95% CI 77% to 87%). Recurrent appendicitis occurred in 14% (95% CI 7% to 21%). Complications and total length of hospital stay during follow-up were similar for NOT and appendectomy. No serious adverse events related to NOT were reported.

LIMITATIONS:

The lack of prospective randomized studies limits definitive conclusions to influence clinical practice.

CONCLUSIONS:

Current data suggest that NOT is safe. It appears effective as initial treatment in 97% of children with AUA, and the rate of recurrent appendicitis is 14%. Longer-term clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of NOT compared with appendicectomy require further evaluation, preferably in large randomized trials, to reliably inform decision-making.
Real estate cadastre versus land and buildings register in Poland, with the view to concepts’ identification
Authors: Janus Jarosław , Łopacka Magdalena
Published: February 2017

Currently in Poland, the problems associated with changes in the functioning of the institu�tions of the cadastre are becoming very topical. These include the problem of cadastre’s location
within the structures of the State, the definition of its role and significance in the context of the
functions and tasks that it should perform. When introducing the legal concept of real estate
cadastre into circulation, the legislator stipulated that until the transformation of the existing
land and buildings register is completed, the term cadastre is to signify precisely these land and
buildings register. Therefore, a problem arises, concerning the consequences of the parallel use,
and the interchangeability of the two terms: ‘land and buildings register’, and ‘cadastre’, each of
which have their historical, legal and technical references and implications. In this publication,
we carry out an analysis of historical and current conditions for the functioning of the land and
buildings register, and the real estate cadastre, in terms of the current legislation.
Implementation of the inspire directive in Poland in the scope of spatial data ‘land use’ theme
Authors: Jaroszewicz, Joanna , Piotrowska Lidia
Published: February 2017

The article presents the issues linked to the implementation of the INSPIRE Directive in Poland,
within the scope of the spatial data ‘land use’ theme. We present legal regulations in the field of
Spatial Information Infrastructure, the tasks of the lead authority in this topic, the participa�tion of other bodies and agencies in the implementation of the tasks of the lead authority, the
manner of implementation of these tasks, as well as reflections of the authors upon the changes
in competencies and responsibilities, related in particular to the placement of the Chief State
Surveyor under the supervision of the minister responsible for construction, planning, zoning,
and housing.
Spatial planning in Poland in the context of ‘inspire’ rules and amendment to the spatial planning and development act
Authors: Pluta Magda
Published: February 2017

Spatial planning is a vital aspect of social and economic development of a country. Spatial plan�ning in Poland is regulated by the Spatial Planning and Development Act of 27 March 2003 and
should be implemented in conformity with the EU Directive Establishing an Infrastructure for
Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE). In the study an assessment of the
spatial planning system in Poland in the light of existing legislation has been carried out, and
a SWOT analysis has been performed, showing the planning’ strengths and weaknesses, oppor�tunities and threats, and the most immediate needs to be met – in the context of amendments
currently being drafted – have been indicated.
Stylistic changes in contemporary sacred architecture against the background of the ideological and artistic trends prevailing at the time (1945–1970)
Authors: Gil-Mastalerczyk Joanna
Published: February 2017

In 1945, the time of dynamic political and social and economic changes begins in Poland, deter�mining the creation of architecture, and also influencing its aesthetic qualities. This applies par�ticularly to buildings and compounds of religious architecture – the free development of the lat�ter was significantly hindered during this period. In the post-war period, only very few churches,
built from scratch, were constructed within the area of the Archdiocese of Kraków. Until 1970,
sacred construction projects, in terms of their architecture, were often expression of local capa�bilities, power of persuasion and perseverance of the designers and investors. Sometimes such
projects stretched over a dozen or more years of complex implementations.
The assessment of the application of terrestrial laser scanning for measuring
the geometrics of cooling towers
Authors: Głowacki Tadeusz , Grzempowski Piotr , Sudoł Ewa , Wajs Jarosław , Zając Marcin
Published: February 2017

The investigation of technical condition of cooling towers is an important engineering issue.
Regulations regarding safe operations of high structures force periodic measurements in order
to determine technical state of such towers. This paper presents the processing methodology of
laser scanning data and shows computation results of cooling tower W-1 shape changes. These
results were referred to the designed shape of the tower in question. Tower surface displace�ments (deformations) are shown by plotting the deviations of the measured shape from the
regular one. The determined changes in the surface shape are between –20 cm and 5 cm. This
article presents the evaluation of the technical condition of the W-1 cooling tower.
Analysis of the curvature of the river bend for regulation purposes
Authors: Godek Klemens , Krupiński Waldemar , Szeptalin Agnieszka
Published: February 2017

In order to determine the most appropriate geometrical parameters of regulated watercourses,
this paper presents some ways to identify the natural course thereof. In addition to analysing the
types of curves approximating the test object, the authors have also described the methods of
studying the range of these curves.
In order to determine the degree of relationships between the variables of the studied water�courses, the authors have analysed the correlation coefficients.
The paper presents the findings pertaining to the best-matched curves approximating the given
object.
Impact on investment projects on the spatial order and the image perception of Zakopane town
Authors: Gorzelany Julia , Janiczak Justyna , Wilkosz-Mamcarczyk Magdalena
Published: February 2017

The aim of this article is to determine the impact of the investment activities on the spatial order
and the image perception of the city of Zakopane. The research is based upon the analysis of spa�tial planning in Poland, as a comprehensive action related to the rational management of space;
as well as the survey (by questionnaire) carried out among 61 respondents. Activities carried out
by public authorities and citizens, as well as the investment projects they undertake, have been
having a huge impact on the spatial order, and on the perceived image of the analysed town. The
changes, which have been made, affected the vertical and horizontal spatial infrastructure of
the city, causing many problem situations related to the blurring of boundaries between areas of
varying functions, and interfering with the spatial order through improper planning decisions,
thus leading to disharmony between the newly created buildings and the already existing built
environment.
Leading a Clinical Communication Program in a Remote Setting: Practical Considerations from ROSS University School of Veterinary Medicine, St. Kitts
Authors: Artemiou Elpida , Adams Cindy L.
Published: February 2017

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. In this paper, we describe the challenges in leading and delivering a clinical communication program in a remote geographical location at Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine on the island of St. Kitts, West Indies. We suggest five premises of progress and discuss a special consideration, namely addressing cultural context.
Reforming Medical Education in China: A Traditional Chinese Medicine Perspective
Authors: Fan Jingyi , Hua Miao , Dong Hongmei , Sherer Renslow
Published: February 2017

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Introduction: While the Chinese medical education system is undergoing comprehensive reform, traditional forms of Chinese medicines (TCM) continue to be a unique and indispensable part of health care system. However, few studies have explored how various forms of TCM are incorporated with biomedicine in clinical practice. Purpose: To explore clinicians' professional and extraprofessional experience with TCM and to assess whether their medical education has prepared them for clinical work that requires drawing on knowledge of TCM. Methods: Surveys were distributed in 2013 to 18 clinicians, 33 undergraduates and 60 post-graduate students. The survey combined forced-choice and open-ended questions assessing personal and professional experiences with TCM. Mixed qualitative and quantitative methods were used to investigate trends in open-ended survey responses. Results: The majority of clinicians (89%), post-graduate students (60%) and undergraduate students (67%) have personally used TCM treatments. The vast majority of all three groups indicated that they would continue to recommend TCM to patients. Respondents expressed an overall positive attitude towards their extraprofessional experience with TCM whereas their professional experience with TCM was mixed. Conclusion: The extraprofessional and professional experiences of clinicians and students with various types of TCM for a diverse array of indications reveal the sustained clinical presence of TCM. The survey reveals the importance of more training in applying TCM, especially in a clinical setting, and imminent hurdles that must be overcome in implementing clinical training reforms.
ROOTING OF Araucaria angustifolia: TYPES OF CUTTINGS AND STOCK PLANTS SEX
Authors: Wendling Ivar , Stuepp Carlos André , Zuffellato-Ribas Katia Christina
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT Araucaria angustifolia is native to Brazil and has always raised economic interest for the qualities of its timber and as a supplier of pine nuts for human consumption. The scarce germination viability of the stored seeds and the possibility to produce rooted cuttings all year round make cuttings propagation a good alternative for the production of plants, giving also the possibility to obtain genetically superior clones. On this basis, we assessed the influence of stock plants sex and type of cuttings (apical and intermediate) on the percentage of survival, rooting and vigor of the cuttings, together with the efficiency of this technique in the production of rooted cuttings of this species. So, cuttings from orthotropic shoots, collected in a clonal garden composed by feminine and masculine plants, had their survival percentages assessed at 60, 90, 120 and 150 days after installation of the experiment (DAI). Rooting in full sunlight area after 180 days, together with vigor characteristics of roots and aerial portion at 120 and 180 DAI were also evaluated. At 180 DAI, apical female cuttings presented the greatest rooting percentage (53.7%), number of roots (1.2) and average length of roots at the bottom of the rooting tray (4.4 cm). On the other hand, the applied cuttings procedures showed to be adequate to increase the rooting percentages of the species, which, supported by the fact that this technique is important for the formation of rooted cuttings to be used in the mini-cuttings technique, indicates that it can be considered efficient.
ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF FOREST HARVESTING WITH HARVESTER AND FORWARDER
Authors: Santos Larissa Nunes dos , Fernandes Haroldo Carlos , Teixeira Mauri Martins , Silva Márcio Lopes da , Souza Amaury Paulo de
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT Due to the high cost of acquisition and preservation of machines used in the operations of forest harvest, it is necessary to know the profitability of its purchase and up to what point its usage is profitable. Thus the aim of this work was to evaluate economically the activities of felling and timber extraction held by skidders harvester and forwarder up to approximately 30,000 hours of work. Seventeen forest machines were used: 5 harvesters John Deere model 1270D, and 5 harvesters John Deere model 1470D, with power of 215 hp (160 kW) and 241 hp (180 kW), respectively, and 7 forwarders John Deere model 1710D, with power of 215 hp (160 kW). The data base supplied by a forestry company located in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, containing all the necessary information to obtain the equilibrium point, the annual equivalent cost (AEC) and the internal return rate (IRR) was used. The equilibrium point was used to determine the amount of minimum hours the machines should work. The AEC was used to determine the profitability of the operation. In 2013 it was not possible to find a number of working hours that did not cause loss for either the harvester or the forwarder. The substitution point for the harvester or the forwarder through the AEC was not found. The harvester presented investment profitability in 2011 of 67.43%. The forwarder presented an internal rate or return of 34.00% in 2011.
NATURAL REGENERATION OF TREE SPECIES IN A CLOUD FOREST IN SANTA CATARINA, BRAZIL
Authors: Rosa Angélica Dalla , Silva Ana Carolina , Higuchi Pedro , Marcon Amanda Koche , Missio Francieli de Fátima , Bento Marco Antonio , Silva Jéssica Oneda da , Gonçalves Didiane Ana , Rodrigues Júnior Luiz Carlos
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT This paper aims at characterizing the tree species natural regeneration and evaluating the relation of this stratum to both the adult component and the environmental variables in a fragment of a cloud forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil. In each of 25 20 × 20 m plots, where the adult component and environmental variables have previously been evaluated, subplots of different sizes varying according to plants' height were then allocated as follows: Class 1 - plants with a height varying from 0.15 cm up to 1 m, being evaluated within 5 m2; Class 2 - plants with a height varying from 1 up to 3 m, being evaluated within 10 m2; Class 3 - plants with a height greater than 3 m and DBH smaller than 5 cm, being evaluated within 20 m2. Data have been analyzed with regard to the determination of diversity (Shannon index), evenness (Pielou), Natural Regeneration Index (NRI), similarity with the adult component (Jaccard and Bray-Curtis), floristic-structural organization (Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling - NMDS) and their relation to environmental variables. A total of 518 individuals distributed in 28 species were sampled. The low values of Shannon index (2.51 nat/ind) and evenness (0.75) suggest low diversity and elevated ecological dominance. The highest NRI has been found in the species Symphyopappus itatiayensis (Hieron.) R.M.King & H.Rob (19.36%). The similarity with the adult component were of 0.45 (Jaccard) and 0.24 (Bray-Curtis), demonstrating a low overall similarity (<0.50). The soil compaction was the only variable that has shown a relation with regeneration, which can be related to cattle's presence in the fragment.
CREEP IN THE FUNDAMENTAL FREQUENCY AND STABILITY OF A SLENDER WOODEN COLUMN OF COMPOSITE SECTION
Authors: Wahrhaftig Alexandre de Macêdo , Brasil Reyolando Manoel Lopes Rebello da Fonseca , César Sandro Fábio
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT Creep is a phenomenon that can occur in wooden structures since wood is a viscoelastic material. Creep may change the purely elastic parameters determined in wood characterization initial tests, as its behavior depends on the rheology of the material, even under a constant stress level. Mathematically, creep can be characterized by models in which the immediate elastic deformation is increased by a viscous deformation, resulting in a temporal function. For this reason, the calculation of the natural frequency of vibration and the stability verification of a slender column should include the reducing effects of stiffness both of axial force and creep. The first one can be considered through the geometrical portion and the second one by the introduction, in the conventional portion, of a variable elasticity modulus over time, obtained in relation to the adopted rheological model. A numerical simulation was performed to evaluate the aspects above, considering a bar compressed by a force at the free end equivalent to 10% of the Euler critical force, plus its own weight, adopting a rheological model with three parameters for the variation of the elasticity modulus. The results show differences of 60% and 50% for the frequency and elasticity modulus, besides defining the exact instant of column collapse in the case of its non-observance.
Agudização da barbárie e desafios ao Serviço Social
Authors: Boschetti Ivanete ,   UnB,  Brazil
Published: February 2017

Resumo: A crise estrutural do capital agudiza as expressões da questão social e revela a barbárie cotidiana que assola sem trégua a classe trabalhadora. Avolumam-se as demandas ao Serviço Social, sobretudo em decorrência da supressão dos direitos e do processo de pauperização em contexto de avanço acelerado do reacionarismo e do conservadorismo no Brasil. Velhos e novos desafios reafirmam a pertinência do Projeto Ético-Político profissional.
80 anos do Serviço Social no Brasil: marcos históricos balizados nos códigos de ética da profissão
Authors: Oliveira Edistia Maria Abath Pereira de ,   UFPE,  Brazil, Chaves Helena Lúcia Augusto ,   UFPE,  Brazil
Published: February 2017

Resumo: Esta reflexão destaca elementos da trajetória de 80 anos do Serviço Social no Brasil, balizados nos códigos de ética, como expressão da dinâmica processual em que a profissão foi concebida, reconceituada e renovada. O objetivo é ressaltar o status de maturidade da profissão, fundamentada no pensamento marxiano e no Projeto Ético-Político profissional, embora contraditoriamente ainda existam resquícios de sua origem, marcada pelo neotomismo e por práticas de ajustamento e ajuda social.
Eficiencia de las unidades de conservación definidas en la Reserva Natural Iberá (Argentina) en la protección de la diversidad de reptiles
Authors: Etchepare Eduardo G. ,   Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Argentina, Giraudo Alejandro R. , Arzamendia Vanesa , Bellini Gisela P. , Álvarez Blanca B. ,   Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Argentina,   Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
Published: February 2017

RESUMEN Ante la acelerada pérdida de biodiversidad causada por actividades humanas, las áreas protegidas (APs) constituyen la principal respuesta para mitigar esta crisis. La Reserva Natural Iberá (RNI) incluye 13000 km2 de territorios privados y fiscales, que contienen humedales y tierras altas con elevada biodiversidad, endemismos e importantes poblaciones de especies amenazadas. Para implementar su conservación, a finales del siglo pasado se definieron cinco Unidades de Conservación (UC) priorizadas en infraestructura y guardaparques, seleccionadas mediante criterios pobremente explicitados. En este trabajo definimos áreas prioritarias para la conservación (APC) usando los patrones de distribución de los reptiles en la RNI, para evaluar la eficiencia de las UC instauradas y detectar otras posibles áreas a ser consideradas en gestiones de conservación. La RNI se dividió en 28 celdas de 0,25° de latitud-longitud y mediante muestreos de campo y revisión de colecciones se obtuvieron 1 482 registros de 71 especies de reptiles computándose su presencia/ausencia en las celdas. Se calculó por celda riqueza específica e Índice Combinado de Biodiversidad (ICB) (que incluye rareza y grado de amenaza). Las APC fueron definidas mediante una búsqueda exacta (Complementariedad), obteniendo el mínimo conjunto de áreas que contuvieran a todas las especies y valores del ICB, lo que se denomina “eficiencia máxima”. La superficie mínima necesaria que representa a todas las especies es de diez celdas (36%) y sólo dos incluyen UC actuales. Se necesitan adicionar ocho celdas para cubrir los vacíos de conservación de reptiles, particularmente en el norte de la RNI. Sobre 20 especies amenazadas o insuficientemente conocidas, 12 (60%) no fueron registradas en celdas con UC. Proponemos UC adicionales para efectivizar la protección de todos los reptiles e incluir especies amenazadas.
The Zulliger-CS in Elderly on Hemodialysis and the Relationship Between External Variables
Authors: Gregoleti Viviane , Scortegagna Silvana Alba
Published: February 2017

Abstract: The use of reliable instruments is an ethical condition to exert psychological evaluation. The aim of the study was to investigate the validity of the Zulliger test in the evaluation of elderly with chronic kidney disease (CKD) with focus on cognitive constructs and interpersonal relationships of elderly with Chronic Kidney Disease; and investigate the relationship with external variables. The 60 participants, 30 from the Clinical Group (CG) and 30 from the Non-Clinical Group (NCG), answered a socio-demographic protocol, the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Zulliger test in the Comprehensive System. The CG presented decrease of variables Xu% (p = .031,d = .58), R (p = .002,d = .78), Fd (p = .021,d = .65) and isolation (p = .006,d = .61), rise in X-%, and PHR>GHR. There was a positive association between time since diagnosis and family support (rho = .403,p = .027). Findings confirm the relevance of the Zulliger test and family support as a health potentiator.
Children's Religious Coping Scale: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties
Authors: Strelhow Miriam Raquel Wachholz , Bedin Livia Maria , Sarriera Jorge Castellá
Published: February 2017

Abstract: Religious coping refers to the use of strategies related to religious faith in coping with stressful situations. This study presents the adaptation of the Children's Religious Coping scale (CRC) for Brazilian children and verifies its psychometric properties. Participants are 1,612 children (54.71% girls) between 8 and 13 years old (M = 10.19, SD = 1.47). Principal component and confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the CRC was composed of two dimensions: Positive Religious Coping, with 17 items in three factors (Belief in God's support, Seeking the religious institution, Intercession), and Negative Religious Coping, consisting of 11 items in three factors (Dissatisfaction with God or others, Negative reappraisal of meaning, Punishing reappraisal). The instrument showed adequate reliability, multigroup confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the items factor weights are similar by sex. The scale showed good fit indices for this sample, demonstrating that it can be a promising instrument for future research.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and mycorrhizal stimulant affect dry matter and nutrient accumulation in bean and soybean plants1
Authors: Salgado Fabrício Henrique Moreira ,   Agência de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado do Tocantins, Brazil, Moreira Fatima Maria de Sousa , Paulino Helder Barbosa , Siqueira José Oswaldo , Carneiro Marco Aurélio Carbone ,   Universidade Federal de Lavras, Brazil,   Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brazil,   Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Brazil
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT The adoption of biological resources in agriculture may allow less dependence and better use of finite resources. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi native to the Brazilian Savannah associated with the application of mycorrhizal stimulant (7-hydroxy, 4'-methoxy-isoflavone), in the early growth of common bean and soybean. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design, with a 7 x 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of five arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi species, joint inoculation (junction of all species in equal proportions) and native fungi (without inoculation), in the presence and absence of stimulant. The following traits were evaluated: shoot dry matter, root dry matter, mycorrhizal colonization, nodules dry matter and accumulation of calcium, zinc and phosphorus in the shoot dry matter. The increase provided by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the use of stimulant reached over 200 % in bean and over 80 % in soybean plants. The fungi Acaulospora scrobiculata, Dentiscutata heterogama, Gigaspora margarita and Rhizophagus clarus, for bean, and Claroideoglomus etunicatum, Dentiscutata heterogama, Rhizophagus clarus and the joint inoculation, for soybean, increased the dry matter and nutrients accumulation.
Phosphite and phosphate in the accumulation and translocation of nutrients in common bean1
Authors: Araujo Josinaldo Lopes ,   Universidade Federal de Campina Grande,  Brazil, Ávila Fabrício William de , Faquin Valdemar ,   Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste,  Brazil,   Universidade Federal de Lavras,  Brazil
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT Although used as an additional nutritional source of phosphorus in agriculture, little is known about the effects of phosphites on plants. In order to evaluate the influence of phosphite and phosphate on the accumulation and translocation of phosphorus and cationic nutrients, in common bean, three experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, five concentrations (0.5 mg L-1, 10 mg L-1, 20 mg L-1, 30 mg L-1 and 60 mg L-1) were studied in a nutrient solution combined with two forms of phosphorus [phosphate (Pi) and phosphite (Phi)]. In the second one, five Phi/Pi ratios were tested (0/100, 25/75, 50/50, 75/25 and 100/0). In the third experiment, two phosphate levels (1.5 mg L-1 = limiting and 20 mg L-1 = adequate phosphorus) and three treatments related to foliar fertilization (KH2PO3, KH2PO4 and KCl solutions) were combined in the nutrient solution. Phosphite via roots caused a decrease in the accumulation of phosphorus and cationic nutrients, under phosphate deficiency. P-Phi decreased the Zn/P ratio more than P-Pi, increased the translocation of P and decreased the translocation of Fe. The foliar supply of P-Phi did not affect the phosphorus nutrition of bean plants or the translocation of nutrients, but decreased the accumulation of K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn. Foliar P-Pi, at an adequate P supply in the nutrient solution, increased the accumulation of this nutrient.
BODY COMPOSITION IN PATIENTS WITH CROHN’S DISEASE AND ULCERATIVE COLITIS
Authors: BACK Ivi Ribeiro , MARCON Sonia Silva , GAINO Natalia Moreno , VULCANO Daniela Salate Biagioni , DORNA Mariana de Souza , SASSAKI Ligia Yukie
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND The nutritional status of individuals with inflammatory bowel diseases is directly related to the severity of the disease and is associated with poor prognosis and the deterioration of immune competence. OBJECTIVE To assess the nutritional status and the body composition of outpatients with inflammatory bowel diseases. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with clinical and nutritional assessment of patients with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Patients were classified according to the clinical activity through Crohn’s Disease Activity Index and Mayo Score. Nutritional assessment consisted of anthropometric measurements of current weight, height, mid-arm circumference, triceps skinfold thickness and thickness of adductor policis muscle, with subsequent calculation of BMI, arm muscle circumference and the mid-arm muscle area (MAMA). The phase angle (PhA) and lean and fat mass were obtained with the use of electrical bioimpedance. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test or Fisher exact test, ANOVA and t-test. RESULTS We evaluated 141 patients of which 54 (38.29%) had Crohn’s disease and 87 (61.70%) ulcerative colitis. The mean age was 43.98 (±15.68) years in Crohn’s disease and 44.28 (±16.29) years for ulcerative colitis. Most of the patients were in clinical remission of the disease (Crohn’s disease: 88.89%; ulcerative colitis: 87.36%). Regarding the nutritional classification using BMI, it was found that 48.15% of Crohn’s disease patients were eutrophic and 40.74% were overweight or obese; among patients with ulcerative colitis, 52.87% were classified as overweight or obese. When considering the triceps skinfold, it was observed in both groups a high percentage of overweight and obesity (Crohn’s disease: 75.93%; ulcerative colitis: 72.42%). Crohn’s disease patients showed the most affected nutritional status according to the nutritional variables when compared to patients with ulcerative colitis (BMI: 24.88 kg/m² x BMI: 26.56 kg/m², P=0.054; MAMA: 35.11 mm x MAMA: 40.39 mm, P=0.040; PhA: 6.46° x PhA: 6.83°, P=0.006). CONCLUSION Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases have a high prevalence of overweight and obesity. Crohn’s disease patients had more impaired anthropometric and body composition indicators when compared to patients with ulcerative colitis.
(Un)receptiveness in interactions with professionals: experiences of parents of children with retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Facio Beatriz Castanheira ,   Universidade Federal de São Carlos,  Brazil, Marski Bruna de Souza Lima , Higarashi Ieda Harumi , Misko Maira Deguer , Silveira Aline Oliveira , Wernet Monika ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá,  Brazil,   Universidade de Brasília,  Brazil
Published: February 2017

Abstract OBJECTIVE To analyze the influence of health professionals' receptiveness on parental care of children with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). METHOD A qualitative study developed under the theoretical framework of Symbolic Interactionism and using a narrative research methodology. Six women and three men, being parents of children with retinopathy of prematurity were individually interviewed in depth. RESULTS From the scope of information, emotions and their rights, the parents experienced receptiveness from some professionals and unreceptiveness from others. The predominance of unreceptive attitudes in the parental narratives originated the following analysis themes: Informational (un)receptiveness, Emotional (un)receptiveness, and (Un)receptiveness of rights. CONCLUSION The study supports human and comprehensive healthcare in the context of retinopathy of prematurity by pointing out the interactive process with health professionals as a potential stressor of parental care. The results signal a nuclear of attitudinal changes and reinforce challenges to the child and family-centered approach.
Factors associated with glycemic control in people with diabetes at the Family Health Strategy in Pernambuco
Authors: Lima Rodrigo Fonseca ,   Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil, Fontbonne Annick , Carvalho Eduardo Maia Freese de , Montarroyos Ulisses Ramos , Barreto Maria Nelly Sobreira de Carvalho , Cesse Eduarda Ângela Pessoa ,   Institut de Recherche Pour Le Développement, France,   Universidade de Pernambuco, Brazil
Published: February 2017

Abstract OBJECTIVE Identifying factors associated with glycemic control in people with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) registered in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in Pernambuco, Brazil. METHOD Associations between glycemic control (glycosylated hemoglobin A lower or equal to 7%) presented by people with DM and variables related to sociodemographic conditions, lifestyle, characteristics of diabetes, treatment and follow-up of patients by health services were investigated by multiple regression. RESULTS More than 65% of the participants presented inadequate glycemic control, especially those with lower age, longer illness duration, more annual contacts with FHS and complex therapeutic regimen. People with DM without referrals to specialists presented greater glycemic control. Associations with education level and obesity did not remain significant in the multivariate model. CONCLUSION The evolution of diabetes hinders adequate control, however, attention to younger people with DM and referrals to specialists are factors that can improve glycemic control.
Estudo clínico e de fatores de risco associados às alterações cardiovasculares em cães1
Authors: Borges Olívia M.M. ,   Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Brazil, Araújo Sabrina B. , Azevedo Sérgio S. , Tanikawa Atticcus , Santana Vanessa L. de , Silva Rosangela M.N. , Souza Almir P.
Published: February 2017

RESUMO: O conhecimento clínico das alterações cardíacas em cães é de fundamental importância na formulação de diagnósticos diferenciais e instituição terapêutica na rotina da Clínica Médica de Pequenos Animais. Objetivaram-se com este estudo descrever os aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e radiográficos inerentes as alterações cardiovasculares de cães cardiopatas atendidos no Hospital Veterinário de Patos-PB (HV). Para isso foram avaliados os prontuários clínicos de todos os animais atendidos no período de Janeiro de 2007 a Dezembro de 2012, selecionando-se 131 cães (GCARD) que apresentavam histórico, alterações clínicas e radiográficas compatíveis com cardiopatia. Para fins comparativos, um grupo controle sem cardiopatia de igual número foi criado (GCON). Para análise estatística foram utilizados o teste de qui-quadrado ou teste exato de Fisher e regressão logística múltipla, com nível de significância de 5%, utilizando-se o programa SPSS 20.0 for Windows. Edema pulmonar e alterações morfológicas cardíacas foram os achados radiográficos mais frequentes. Não houve diferença quanto ao sexo e prevaleceram os animais mais velhos e da raça poodle. Tosse, cansaço e tristeza foram as queixas mais comuns. Sopro, tártaro e alterações oculares foram os sinais clínicos de maior ocorrência. As variáveis relacionadas ao engasgo, tontura/fraqueza, creptação pulmonar, ascite, obesidade, tumor e tártaro foram identificadas como associadas às cardiopatias. O modelo final apresentou ajuste satisfatório (teste de Hosmer e Lemeshow: χ2=0,221; P=0,994; R2 = 0,46). Mesmo que não seja possível determinar o diagnóstico etiológico das cardiopatias, faz-se necessário que um amplo conhecimento clínico e epidemiológico destes seja cada vez mais consolidado, de modo que as consequências fisiopatológicas dos distúrbios cardíacos sejam rapidamente identificados, trazendo qualidade de vida a todos os pacientes cardiopatas.
Formação de professores e inclusão: como se reformam os reformadores?
Authors: Rodrigues David , Lima-Rodrigues Luzia
Published: February 2017

Existe um grande consenso sobre a necessidade de investir na formação de professores para que se possam desenvolver modelos inclusivos na Educação. A Educação Inclusiva deve ser entendida como uma reforma educacional que, para se realizar, necessita que os professores sejam formados em modelos de ensino e comunicação diferentes dos modelos tradicionais. Com base na avaliação que um grupo de estudantes de mestrado em Educação Especial efetuou do seu curso, este artigo discute algumas concepções teóricas sobre formação de professores (nomeadamente o isomorfismo e a infusão) e quatro aspectos centrais da formação de professores para a Inclusão: conteúdos, estratégias de Ensino Aprendizagem, relação teoria-prática e impacto na vida profissional. Conclui-se que é necessário operar uma reforma aprofundada nos cursos de formação para que as pessoas que neles são formadas possam, elas próprias, vir a ser agentes de mudança na escola.
Encaminhamentos pedagógicos com alunos com Altas Habilidades/Superdotação na Educação Básica: o cenário Brasileiro
Authors: Pérez Susana Graciela Pérez Barrera , Freitas Soraia Napoleão
Published: February 2017

Os alunos com Altas Habilidades/Superdotação (AH/SD) constituem uma parcela importante da população-alvo da Educação Especial, que ultrapassa os 2 milhões de matrículas na Educação Básica. Paradoxalmente, não é raro encontrar publicações - inclusive documentos dos próprios órgãos educacionais brasileiros - que não os consideram como tal, apesar de toda a legislação educacional brasileira garantir seus direitos na condição de alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais, a partir da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (Lei n° 5692/71). Isso reflete a desinformação, a falta de formação acadêmica e docente nessa área e uma representação cultural dessa população, que é altamente afetada pela incidência de mitos e crenças populares. Entretanto, o atendimento educacional especializado para estes alunos é hoje uma realidade legalmente consolidada, que precisa ser implementada e surtir efeitos concretos nos encaminhamentos pedagógicos para eles. Neste artigo, analisamos os quatro aspectos que prejudicam essa concretização do atendimento, e sugerimos medidas e mudanças que consideramos importantes para que esse direito subjetivo - a Educação para Todos - também seja cumprido.
Autoritarismo y eugenesia punitiva: higiene racial y nacionalcatolicismo en el franquismo, 1936-1945
Authors: Campos Ricardo ,   Instituto de Historia,  España
Published: February 2017

Resumen Se analizan algunos de los elementos que configuraron los discursos y las prácticas eugenésicas durante las primeras décadas de la dictadura franquista. Se abordan principalmente las bases ideológicas de la higiene racial, propuestas desde la medicina y la psiquiatría franquista, analizando su vinculación con el concepto de hispanidad. Se muestra cómo la eugenesia franquista tuvo una vertiente punitiva y coercitiva y cómo participó en la represión descarnada hacia el enemigo político, construyendo su identidad como anti español. También se estudia cómo la Iglesia Católica aceptó la eugenesia siempre que no estuviese vinculada al neomaltusianismo ni propugnase la esterilización, los métodos contraceptivos y el aborto. En este sentido, se analiza su posición respecto al certificado y al consejo prematrimonial.
O exame médico pré-nupcial em debate: uma proposta de intervenção eugênica no Brasil, 1910-1940
Authors: Peixoto Priscila Bermudes ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho,  Brasil
Published: February 2017

Resumo Este texto resulta da pesquisa que desenvolvo para minha dissertação de mestrado, cuja temática central é a proposta do exame médico pré-nupcial nas primeiras décadas do século XX no Brasil. Tal medida foi amplamente defendida por eugenistas brasileiros por ser considerada necessária e imprescindível ao aprimoramento racial da população. Por meio desse exame pretendia-se impedir a união e reprodução de indivíduos considerados degenerados ou inferiores, vistos como inadequados para a formação eugênica das futuras gerações. Procura-se analisar o debate desenvolvido no Brasil por médicos e intelectuais favoráveis à implantação de uma lei que instituísse a obrigatoriedade do exame pré-nupcial, assim como as controvérsias e objeções reclamadas por seus críticos, contribuindo para que essa imposição não fosse adotada no país.
A Phase II Randomized Trial (GO27827) of First-Line FOLFOX Plus Bevacizumab with or Without the MET Inhibitor Onartuzumab in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Bendell Johanna C. , Hochster Howard , Hart Lowell L. , Firdaus Irfan , Mace Joseph R. , McFarlane Joshua J. , Kozloff Mark , Catenacci Daniel , Hsu Jessie J. , Hack Stephen P. , Shames David S. , Phan See-Chun , Koeppen Hartmut , Cohn Allen L.
Published: February 2017

Background

Dysregulated hepatocyte growth factor/mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) signaling is associated with poor prognosis and resistance to vascular endothelial growth factor inhibition in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). We report outcomes from a double-blind, multicenter phase II trial of the MET inhibitor onartuzumab in combination with mFOLFOX-6 and bevacizumab for mCRC (GO27827; NCT01418222).

Materials and Methods

Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive onartuzumab (10 mg/kg intravenously [IV]) or placebo plus mFOLFOX-6 and bevacizumab (5 mg/kg IV). Oxaliplatin was given for 8–12 cycles; other agents were continued until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or death. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) in the intent-to-treat (ITT) and MET immunohistochemistry (IHC) expression-positive populations.

Results

Between September 2011 and November 2012, 194 patients were enrolled. In September 2013, an interim analysis recommended stopping onartuzumab treatment due to lack of efficacy. At the time of the final analysis in February 2014, no significant improvement in PFS was seen with onartuzumab versus placebo in either the ITT or MET IHC-positive populations. An improvement in PFS was noted in the MET IHC-negative population. Neither overall survival nor response rate was improved with onartuzumab. The incidence of fatigue, peripheral edema, and deep vein thrombosis was increased with onartuzumab relative to placebo.

Conclusion

Onartuzumab combined with mFOLFOX-6 and bevacizumab did not significantly improve efficacy outcomes in either the ITT or MET IHC-positive populations. MET expression by IHC was not a predictive biomarker in this setting.