bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of factors associated with hand hygiene adherence as a support for creating curriculum for nurses training – a multivariate analysis
Authors: Garus-Pakowska Anna
Published: October 2020

Aim. Handwashing is the easiest way to prevent infection but is often neglected. The purpose of the study was to identify the barriers limiting the respect for hygiene procedures by nurses.
Material and Methods. The study involved direct quasi-participant observation and a questionnaire of 11 nurses in six wards of three hospitals in Poland.
Results. In total,1,195 observations were conducted in which 3,355 activities requiring hygiene procedures were observed over 8 months. The nurses’ knowledge of proper hand hygiene and infection prevention principles were unsatisfactory, with an average value of correct answers in the knowledge test of 8.7 (Max = 15). The univariate analysis indicated the following barriers in hand hygiene: emergencies, allergies, or too few dispensers. In multivariate analysis, the application of hygiene procedures depended on the level of education (higher education – worse compliance with the rules) and subjective conviction that handwashing/glove use was important.
Conclusion. Educational programmes on hand hygiene should focus on the World Health Organisation indications that glove use is not a substitute for handwashing.
Determination of Aflatoxin M1 in Raw Cow's Milk by Using HPLC-FLD, in Injibara Town, Awi Zone, Amhara, Ethiopia
Authors: Kassa Adisie , Talema Alemu , Ketsela Getasew
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study, therefore, provides information about Aflatoxin levels in raw cow’s milk in Injibara Town of Awi Administrative zone by using HPLC-FLD. A good linearity of standard calibration was found for AFM1 at a range of 0.5–7 µg/L. Regression coefficient (R2) values were 0.9999, whereas slope and intercept were 2.5278 and 0.1012, respectively. The average recoveries for the spiked samples were range from76.62– 90.98 % and the RSD values ranged between 2.55–7.36 %. The results showed that 15 % of samples (3 out of 20) were contaminated with AFM1 in the range of 0.046–0.22 µg/L. The average contamination level was 0.121 µg/L. The determined mean values of AFM1 in the collected milk samples were above the standard limit of the European Commission and lower than the level established by United States regulations. Further monitoring of Aflatoxin in milk samples from different regions of the country is justified to conclusively determine the actual safe/risks and possibly low Aflatoxins-risk milk production areas.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Dan Minat Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Statistik
Authors: Prasetya Budi , Muchtar Hartati , Syahrial Zulfiati
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this research is in order to know the influence of learning model and the interest of study to the result of statictics study. This result be done to the machine engine university student, Study program of machine engine, Jakarta State University.

 Sample about 120 university students, that be distributed into four clasess. After be done the measurement to the interest of statistics study to each sample by distributing the questioner the intertest of study in the beginning, after that its result be sequenced from the most biggest to the smallest, in order to be taken the upper limite about 27% and the lower limit about 27%, namely 32 university students in each class. Finally, be gotten Finally be gotten final sample about 64 university students from two clasess base on the measurement of study interest.This research be done by the action of eight times of study in each class by using website learning model and directly beended by by given the test of study result for university student in order to know the differentiation after be given the action. The analysis of the research results using two way ANOVA followed by Tukey test.

The result of the research shows that: (1) the learning result of the students who are learn by the learning model of the website is higher than the result of student learning learn by direct learning model, (2) there is interaction between the learning model of the website with the interest of learning toward the student's learning result, (3) The learning outcomes of students who have high interest and are learn with the learning model of the website are higher than the results of student learning learn by direct learning model, and (4) the learning outcomes of students who have low interest and learn by direct learning model is not higher than student learning outcomes which is learn by website learning model
Hubungan Kecerdasan Emosional dan Sikap Terhadap Pelajaran Matematika Dengan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa SMA Jakarta Timur
Authors: Ventini Meitina , Hartati Hartati , Sukardjo Moch
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify the magnitude of the relationship between variables of emotional intelligence, and students' attitudes towardmathematics learning outcomes. Using correlational research methods, both partial and multiple research respondents are class X high school students in EastJakarta as many as 150 students from 7 public and private schools selected by multistage random sampling. Data were collected in the form of primary datausing questionnaires, and mathematical tests that were tested for validity and reliability. The results that (1) emotional intelligence variables have a positive andsignificant relationship to mathematics learning outcomes, (2) student attitudes are positively and significantly related to mathematics learning outcomes, and (3)emotional intelligence and students' attitudes simultaneously related positive and significant towards the learning outcomes of mathematics.
Pengembangan Media Video Permainan Tradisional Suku Sasak untuk Pelestarian Budaya dan Sumber Belajar Muatan Lokal
Authors: Ikawati Hastuti Diah , Purmadi Ary , Anwar Zul , Zulfakar Zulfakar
Published: October 2020

This study was advance research from the result ofprevious study. Based on the study before was found at least 15 kinds of Sasak traditional games which often played. As we knew the games started disappeared. The traditional games have documented in printed form. Thus for, it can be used as a study supplement in Local Subject Matter. It aimed to facilitate the students to learn and play of the Sasak traditional games. Then, we developed the traditional games of Sasak. This study used ADDIE Model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implement and Evaluation). The result of product validation by the experts found the average score was 83,48%. While the result of the assessment by the students in individual and wide group testwere 91,52% and 82,32%. Based on the result, it can be concluded that the video development was suitable to use as a learning resource.
Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Situs Lumpang Batu dan Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa SMA
Authors: Misnah Misnah
Published: October 2020

Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh media pembelajaran situs lumpang dan motivasi belajar siswa terhadap hasil belajar sejarah siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian quasi experimental dengan design faktorial 2Ã—2. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMAN 1 Sigi Kabupaten Sigi Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan dengan simple random sampling. Sampel penelitian ini  sebanyak 32 siswa. Untuk memperoleh data dalam penelitian ini, digunakan instrumen berupa tes hasil belajar siswa, angket motivasi belajar dan lembar observasi. Analisis data dilakukan secara kuantitatif menggunakan uji Anava. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) hasil belajar sejarah siswa dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran situs lumpang batu lebih tinggi daripada siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran konvensional dengan media pembelajaran power point; 2) terdapat interaksi positif antara media pembelajaran situs lumpang batu terhadap hasil belajar sejarah siswa; 3) terdapat interaksi positif antara motivasi belajar; 4)tidak ada interaksi antara media pembelajaran dan motivasi belajar.

Kata kunci: sejarah, media pembelajaran, situs lumpang batu, hasil belajar, motivasi belajar.
Gamified-Assessment For Learning Indonesian as A Foreign Language: Heuristic Evaluation Approach
Authors: Darmawansah
Published: October 2020

While the current assessment mostly repletes with paper-based or switching to online-based to see the assessment efficiency, gamified-assessment is underexplored yet. Even though the widespread of gamification phenomenon has been observed in the particular foreign language, the scarcity of game-based for assessment in learning Indonesian as foreign language forces this study to heuristically evaluate ‘travelling-like’ game. It aims to assess non-native students in higher education for learning Indonesian as a foreign language (BIPA). To this end, the study was supported by six Indonesian teachers who are currently teaching the Indonesian language in various countries or regions. The outcome of the study is thirteen heuristics which contains a set of checklist items related to an educational game framework called HEDEERS. Both the heuristics and the discussions can identify essential aspects of assessment design in both educational and game perspectives that will impact users experiences for learning the Indonesian language in a better approach
Pengaruh Motivasi dan Dukungan Sosial terhadap Self Efficacy Mahasiswa dalam Mengikuti Pendidikan Teologi di Fakultas Teologi -UKIM
Authors: Pattinama Claartje
Published: October 2020

This study aims to measure the effect of motivation and social support on students  self-efficacy in attending theological education. This research is a quantitative study, with research subjects being students of the Theology Faculty - UKIM. Data analysis was performed using Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results showed that: Motivation with indicators of intellectual knowledge and parental expectations for students had a positive and significant effect on students self efficacy in attending Theological education, as well as social support with information indicators and emotional support had a positive and significant direct effect on self efficacy in students. This concludes that there is a positive and significant influence between motivation and social support on students' self-efficacy in attending theological education at the Theology Faculty of the Indonesian Christian University of Maluku in the hope that when they graduate they will be able to develop their theological education as pastors in the congregation and teachers of Christian Religious Education and in school.
BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL INSIGHTS FROM THE PRESERVATIONAL VARIABILITY OF FUNISIA DOROTHEA, EDIACARA MEMBER, SOUTH AUSTRALIA
Authors: SURPRENANT RACHEL L. , GEHLING JAMES G. , DROSER MARY L.
Published: October 2020

The Ediacara Biota represents a turning point in the evolution of life on Earth, signifying the transition from single celled organisms to complex, community-forming macrobiota. The exceptional fossil record of the soft-bodied Ediacara Biota provides critical insight into the nature of this transition and into ecosystem dynamics leading up to the so-called “Cambrian Explosion”. However, the preservation of non-biomineralizing organisms in a diversity of lithologies goes hand-in-hand with considerable taphonomic complexity that often shrouds true paleoecological and paleobiological signatures. We address the nature of this taphonomic complexity within the fossiliferous sandstones of the Ediacara Member in South Australia. Utilizing the most fossiliferous outcropping of the Ediacara Member, located at the Nilpena Station National Heritage Ediacara Fossil Site, we conduct a focused, taxon-level biostratinomic characterization of the tubular organism Funisia dorothea. Funisia is the most abundant body fossil in the Ediacara Member, making the characterization of its preservational variability essential to the accurate interpretation of regional paleobiology and paleoecology. We describe remarkable biostratinomic complexity in all Funisia populations at Nilpena, identifying four distinct preservational variants of internal and external molds and four additional successive biostratinomic grades corresponding to loss of external characters. Synthesis of these observations identify the most robust preservational forms of Funisia for use in paleobiological interpretation and highlight the important impact that Funisia's high abundance had on regional paleoecology and on population-scale preservation in the Ediacara Member.
Thermal And Chemical Resistance Of Plasma Sprayed Al2o3, Al2o3-Tio2 Coatings
Authors: Šuopys Airingas , Marcinauskas Liutauras , Kėželis Romualdas , Aikas Mindaugas , Uscila Rolandas , Tučkutė Simona , Lelis Martynas
Published: October 2020

In this article, the results of thermal and chemical resistance, of plasma sprayed Al2O3 and Al2O3-13wt.TiO2 coatings on a steel (P265GH) sample are presented. Coatings were formed using air-hydrogen plasma direct current plasma torch at atmospheric pressure. The resistance of coatings was measured by analyzing surface structure, elemental and phase composition of as sprayed coatings and after several heating cycles, imitating application conditions. To make this technology more appealing, by decreasing exploitation cost of standard cast iron grate used in straw pellet broilers, we used cheaper stainless steel with a protective Al2O3 and Al2O3-13wt.% TiO2 coatings. Most of the research done in this field is by using Ar as primary gas, but to decrease the manufacturing cost even further we used Air as primary gas. It was determined that after heat treatment the minor changes in the elemental composition were observed. Meanwhile an additional crystalline phases of metal oxides were detected.
Psychometric properties of satisfaction with the childbirth education class questionnaire for Iranian population
Authors: Hassanzadeh Robab , Jafarabadi Mohammad Asghari , Abbas-Alizadeh Fatemeh , Meedya Shahla , Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi Sakineh , Mirghafourvand Mojgan
Published: October 2020

Background: Childbirth preparation classes can reduce pregnant women’s anxiety and fear for their childbirth. However, to evaluate women’s feedback and their satisfaction with these classes, there is a need for a standard instrument that is suitable for Iranian context. This study is aimed to translate and conduct a psychometric analysis of the Satisfaction with the Childbirth Education Class Questionnaire (SCECQ) for Iranian population. Methods: The questionnaire was translated from English into Persian through the forward-backward translation method. The cluster sampling method was employed to select 205 pregnant women with gestational age of 35-37 weeks from all health complexes of Tabriz, Iran. The face, content, and construct validity of the research instrument were assessed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were measured to evaluate the overall reliability of the questionnaire.Results: The impact scores of all items were above 1.5. The content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR) of the questionnaire were 0.88 and 0.94, respectively. The convergent construct validity of the whole questionnaire and those of its three subscales were confirmed through the exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The factor loadings of no items were below 0.3, and the X2⁄df ratio was smaller than 5. The overall model validity was confirmed by having the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) smaller than 0.08. Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were 0.93 and 0.96, respectively, indicating the acceptable reliability of the questionnaire.Conclusion: The Persian version of this questionnaire, entitled SCECQ is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring Iranian women’s satisfaction with childbirth education classes.
Phone-based audience response system as an adjunct in orthodontic teaching of undergraduate dental students: a cross-over randomised controlled trial 
Authors: Alharbi Fahad , Alazmi Khulud , Momani Bashar R. El , Al-Muzian Lubna , Wertheimer Mark , Almukhtar Anas , Almuzian Mohammed
Published: October 2020

Background: The advent of electronic teaching facilities improves tutor-student communication. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of Phone-Based Audience Response System (PB-ARS), as an adjunctive pedagogy tool to enhance the retention of orthodontic information by dental students; and to explore the students’ perception of PB-ARS. Methods: This cross-over clustered randomised control trial included 34 males who were in the final year of their undergraduate dental training. Participants were allocated to one of two event groups (G1 and G2) using computer-generated randomisation. Both groups simultaneously attended two different traditional lectures (L 1 and L2) a week apart. During L1, PB-ARS was used as an adjunct to conventional presentation to teach G1 participants, (PB-ARS group) while G2’s participants acted as a control group (CG), and were taught using a traditional presentation. In the second week (L2), the interventions were crossed-over. Participants from both groups completed pre- and post-lecture multiple-choice questionnaires (MCQ) to assess their short-term retention of information. Their performance in the final MCQ exam (10 weeks following L2) was tracked to assess the long-term retention of the information. Participants also completed post-lecture questionnaires to evaluate their perceptions. Results: 29 and 31 participants from the CG and PB-ARS group completed this trial, respectively. Although 87.5% of students in the PB-ARS group showed an improvement in their immediate post-lecture scores compared with 79.3% for the CG, it was statistically insignificant (p= 0.465). Similarly, the intervention showed an insignificant effect on the long-term retention of the knowledge (p=0.560).There was a mildly but favourable attitude of students towards the use of PB-ARS. However, the difference in the overall level of satisfaction between both groups was statistically insignificant (p=0.183).Conclusion: PB-ARS has a minimal and insignificant effect on the short- and long-term retention of orthodontic knowledge by male undergraduate dental students. PB-ARS was the preferred adjunct tool to conventional classroom teaching. Due to the limitations of this trial, a long-term randomised controlled trial with a larger sample size is recommended.
Development of significant disease in a cohort of patients with non-specific enteritis on capsule endoscopy. Clinical suspicion and a high base line Lewis score are predictive of Crohn’s disease.
Authors: Sihag Sandeep , Tan Brandon , Semenov Serhiy , Ismail Mohd Syafiq , Ryan Barbara , O'Connor Anthony , Breslin Niall , Douglas Atiyekeogbebe Rita , McNamara Deirdre
Published: October 2020

Background: As with isolated ileitis the findings of nonspecific small bowel enteritis (NSE) on capsule endoscopy (CE) poses a clinical challenge. There is lack of available evidence to help clinicians to predict significant disease and long-term prognosis. Methods: We aimed to define the natural history of NSE in an Irish cohort. Patients with a finding of NSE were identified from a database. Subsequent investigations, treatments and diagnosis were recorded. Patients were grouped based on ultimate diagnosis: Crohn’s disease (CD), Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), NSAIDs enteritis (NSAIDs), persistent NSE and no significant disease (NAD). Results: 88 patients, 46 (52%) male, mean age 52 +- 17.8 years were included with a mean follow up of 23 +- 19 months. The ultimate diagnoses were NAD=43 (49%), CD =17 (19%), IBS =14 (16%), NSAIDs =12 (14%) and persistent NSE=2 (2%). Significantly, more patients diagnosed with CD on follow up were referred with suspected CD. CD= 14/17 (82%) vs 13/57 (23%), p < 0.001. While a diagnosis of CD was associated with a positive baseline Lewis score (>135); 11/17 (65%) CD versus 16/ 71 (23%). Female gender was associated with an ultimate diagnosis of IBS (OR 5, p <0.02). Older age was associated with NSAIDs enteritis, while more subjects without significant gastrointestinal disease were anemic on presentation. Conclusion: The majority (49%) of NSE patients do not develop significant small bowel disease. CD occurred in 19% of NSE patients on follow up. Clinical suspicion and capsule severity are predictive of Crohn’s disease on initial CE.
More fuel to the fire: Some patients with non-celiac self-reported wheat sensitivity exhibit adaptive immunological responses in duodenal mucosa.
Authors: Castillo-Rodal Antonia Isabel , Furuzawa-Carballeda Janette , Pelaez-Luna Mario , Castro-Gomez Jose , Lopez-Vidal Yolanda , Uscanga Luis Federico
Published: October 2020

Background: In contrast to the well characterized Celiac Disease (CD), the clinical scenarios encompassed by non-celiac self-reported wheat sensitivity might be related to different antigens that trigger distinct immune-inflammatory reactions. Although an increased number of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) is observed at the inception of both diseases, subsequent immunopathogenic pathways seem to be different. We aimed to describe the cytokine profile showcased by the duodenal mucosa of patients with self-reported wheat sensitivity.Methods: In a blind, cross-sectional study, we included duodenal biopsies from 15 consecutive untreated patients with active CD, 9 individuals with self-reported NCSRWS and 10 subjects with dyspepsia without CD and food intolerances. Using Immunohistochemistry and flow- cytometry we determined the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokine expressing monocytes and monocyte-derived dendritic cells involved in innate immune activation, cytokine-driven polarization and maintenance of Th1 and Th17/Th 22, and anti-inflammatory/profibrogenic cytokines. Results: The percentage of cells expressing all tested cytokines in lamina propria and epithelium was higher in CD patients than control group. Cytokines that induce and maintain Th1 and Th17 polarization were higher in CD than in NCSRWS and controls; and higher in NCSRWS compared to controls. Similar differences were detected in the expression of IL-4 and TGF- β1, while IL-10-expressing cells were lower in NCSRWS patients than in controls and CD subjects. Conclusions : NCSRWS patients exhibit components of both, innate and adaptive immune mechanisms but to a lesser extent compared to CD.
The IL-6 rs12700386 polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of developing osteoarthritis in the knee in the Chinese Han population: a case-control study
Authors: Yang Hui , Zhou Xindie , Xu Dongmei , Chen Gang
Published: October 2020

Background: This case-control study aims to examine the association between the Interleukin-6 (IL-6) rs12700386 polymorphism and the increased risk of developing osteoarthritis (OA) in the knee in the Chinese Han population.Methods: We extracted DNA from 763 subjects (352 OA patients and 411 healthy controls). The relative expression levels of IL-6 in blood samples of patients with knee OA was determined by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used for genotyping the IL-6 gene polymorphism.Results: We found that the IL-6 polymorphism rs12700386 enhanced patient susceptibility to developing knee OA. Based on a subgroup analysis, the risk of developing knee OA was elevated in smokers, drinkers, and subjects ≥ 55 years old or with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. The combination of smoking, drinking, and having the rs12700386 genotype led to an increase in the risk of developing knee OA, indicating that an underlying interaction between gene and environment exists. The rs12700386 genotype was found to be correlated with an increase in IL-6 expression. We also found that IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the CC genotype compared to the GG genotype carriers in OA patients.Conclusion: These data suggest that the rs12700386 polymorphism in the IL-6 gene leads to an increase in the risk of knee OA in Chinese Han individuals.
Willingness to perform induced abortion and associated factors among graduating Midwifery, Medical, Nursing, and Public health officer students of University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: Institution based Cross sectional study
Authors: Enyew Mihretu Molla
Published: October 2020

Background: In developing countries, abortion is often unsafe and a signiﬁcant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality accounting for about 8% (4.7%–13.2%) of maternal mortality worldwide. Internationally, safe abortion services are recognized as reducing maternal mortality, and liberalized abortion laws are associated with reduced mortality resulting from unsafe abortion procedures. However, health care providers have moral, social and gender-based reservations that affects their willingness towards providing induced abortion services. The purpose of this study was to assess willingness to perform induced abortion and associated factors among graduating Midwifery, Medical, Nursing, and Public health officer students of University of Gondar. Methods: Institution based cross sectional study was conducted from March 29 to May 30, 2019. All graduating students available during data collection period were considered as study population. Stratified simple random sampling technique was used to select 424 study participants. Pre tested, semi- structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Ethical clearance was obtained from School of midwifery under the delegation of institutional review board of university of Gondar. Results: 290 students out of 424 students were willing to perform induced abortion for indications supported by Ethiopian abortion law, making a proportion of 68.4% (95%Cl: 64.2, 72.9). Sex (Being male (AOR = 4.89, 95%CI: 3.02, 7.89)), religion (being orthodox than protestant (AOR = 10.41, 95%CI: 3.02, 21.57)), being Muslim than protestant (AOR = 5.73, 95%CI: 1.37, 15.92)) and having once or less a week religious attendance (AOR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.20, 3.34) were factors associated with willingness towards performing induced abortion. Conclusions: According to this study willingness of students towards providing induced abortion services was good. However female students, protestant followers and those students with more than once a week religious attendance should be encouraged to support women’s access to induced abortion services by referring them to other health care professionals willing to provide induced abortion services..
High NEMO score values in nailfold videocapillaroscopy are associated with the subsequent development of ischemic digital ulcers in patients with systemic sclerosis.
Authors: Papa Nicoletta Del , Pignataro Francesca , Maglione Wanda , Minniti Antonina , Sambataro Domenico , Sambataro Gianluca , Valentini Gabriele , Caporali Roberto , Vitali Claudio
Published: October 2020

Background Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) is a feasible method that allows the observation of the microvascular changes that mark the course of systemic sclerosis (SSc). In previous studies we demonstrated that the NEMO score, i.e., the cumulative number of microhaemorrhages and microthromboses, is a good indicator of the steady state level and overtime changes of disease activity (DA) in SSc.Objectives To verify whether high NEMO scores, which mirror a very active microvascular derangement in the fingers, may be associated with the subsequent development of ischemic digital ulcers (IDUs).Methods The NEMO score was assessed at baseline (T0) in 98 patients with SSc, all classified according to the ACR-EULAR criteria. Of them, 90 were females, 48 had the limited and 50 the diffuse cutaneous variant of SSc. Afterwards, the patients were closely followed up for two years, and the appearance of new IDUs recorded at any time of the follow up.The T0-NEMO score values of patients who developed IDUs were compared to those of patients who did not. A receiver operating curve (ROC) was constructed, and the area under the curve (AUC) calculated by plotting the sensitivity and 1-specificity of the different NEMO score values in predicting the subsequent development of IDUs.Results During the follow-up 38 out of 98 patients developed one or more IDUs. The NEMO score at T0 was significantly higher in those who developed IDUs with respect to those who did not [median 14.5 (95%CI 11.0-21.5), and 4.5 (95%CI 4.0-6.0), respectively, p<.0001]. The ROC curve derived from different T0-NEMO score values had an AUC of 0.79 (95%CI 0.69-0.86, p<0.0001)]. A NEMO score of ≥12 had a sensitivity of 83.3% (95%CI 71.5-91.7), and a specificity of 63.2% (95%CI 46.0-78.2), with positive (P) and negative (N) predictive (PV) values of 58.9% (95%CI 44.7-72.2), and 85.6% (71.8-94.4), respectively. A NEMO score of ≥16 had a sensitivity of 95.0% (95%CI 86.1-99.0), and a NPV of 93.4% (77.5-99.2).Conclusions Being a valid tool to measure DA levels in SSc, the NEMO score also appears to be closely related to the subsequent development of IDUs in this disease.
Optimal Intermittent Administration Interval of parathyroid hormone 1-34 for Bone Morphogenetic Protein-Induced Bone Formation in a Rat Spinal Fusion Model
Authors: Abe Tetsutaro , Miyazaki Masashi , Ishihara Toshinobu , Kanezaki Shozo , Tsubouchi Yuhta , Kataoka Masashi , Tsumura Hiroshi
Published: October 2020

Summary of Background Data. Both bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) have been used to enhance bone healing. There is still no established opinion as to the optimum dose and administration method. We investigated to clarify the optimal dose and administration method for the combination of BMP-2 and PTH in a rat spinal fusion model.Methods. A total of 52 rats were performed spinal fusion and were divided into four groups. Group I (n = 10) was implanted with control carrier. Group II (n = 14) was implanted with carrier containing 3 μg of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2). Group III (n = 14) was implanted with carrier containing 3 μg of rhBMP-2, followed by injections of PTH three times a week (total, 180μg/kg/week). Group IV (n = 14) was implanted with carrier containing 3 μg of rhBMP-2, followed by injections of PTH six times a week (total, 180μg/kg/week). The rats were euthanized after 8 weeks and their spines were explanted and assessed by manual palpation, radiographs, and high-resolution micro computerized tomography (micro-CT); the spines were also subjected to histological analysis. Serum markers of bone metabolism were also analyzed.Results. Manual palpation tests showed that the fusion rates of Groups III (28.6%) and IV (35.7%) were considerably higher than those of Group I. Groups III and IV had higher radiographic scores compared to Group I. Micro-CT analysis revealed enhanced bone marrow density expressed as bone volume/tissue volume in Group IV ( 54.20 ± 2.49%) versus Group I ( 38.56 ± 7.78%). Serum makers analysis revealed that Group IV had higher osteocalcin and lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b than those of Group III. A histological analysis indicated that Group VI had enhanced remodeling. Conclusions. The combination of rhBMP-2 and PTH enhanced bone fusion and remodeling of newly formed bone in a rat spinal fusion model. More frequent administration may be superior in terms of bone fusion and bone metabolism.
Psychological Effects of Remote-only Communication Among Reference Persons of ICU Patients During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Cattelan Jessy , Castellano Sara , Merdji Hamid , Audusseau Jean , Claude Baptiste , Feuillassier Léa , Cunat Sibylle , Astrie Marc , Aquin Camille , Buis Guillaume , Gehant Edgar , Granier Amandine , Kercha Hassiba , Guillou Camille Le , Martin Guillaume , Roulot Kevin , Meziani Ferhat , Putois Olivier , Helms Julie
Published: October 2020

Background: During COVID-19 pandemic, visitations have been prohibited in most French ICUs. We aimed to assess psychological effects, for reference persons (RPs), of experiencing remote-only communication with both caregivers and the patient during COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: All RPs of patients referred to ICU for COVID-19 were included. HADS, IES-R, and satisfaction were evaluated at admission, discharge/death and 3 months. At 3 months, an interview with a psychologist provided a qualitative description of RPs’ psychological distress.Results: Eighty-eight RPs were interviewed at patient admission and discharge, and 33 accepted the 3rd month-interview. Prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms was 65% and 32% respectively at patient admission and 27% and 24% at discharge/death, with a significant decrease between ICU admission and discharge/death (23 [16;31] versus 16 [9;21] points, p<0.01). At 3 months, lower HADS decrease was associated with patient death/continued hospitalization, and/or sleeping disorders in RPs (p<0.01). Despite visit prohibition, 99% RPs felt the patient was safe (9 [7;10]/10 points, Likert-type scale). They also felt confident with caregivers, therapeutic decisions (10 [9;10]/10 points) and satisfied with the manner/frequency information was provided (10 [9;10]/10 points). All RPs stressed the specific-type of “responsibility” associated with being an RP in a remote-only context. The 3 salient themes turned out to be dichotomous variables: positive (9 RPs, 27%) vs. negative (24 RPs, 73%) subjective experience; wide (11 RPs, 33%) vs. narrow (22 RPs, 67%) information diffusion strategies: only a third chose to transmit the information to many relatives. Only 10 RPs (30%) related the situation to a prior traumatic experience.Conclusion: In a distressing situation, remote-only communication allowed RPs to remain involved in decision processes and maintain contact with patient and caregivers.Trial registration: NCT04385121. Registered 12 May 2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/
What is the Relationship Between Helicobacter Pylori CagA Genotypes and Gastrointestinal Diseases in the Iranian Population? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Keikha Masoud , Karbalaei Mohsen
Published: October 2020

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most well-known risk factors for getting the gastric cancer disease. In recent studies, the relationship between its virulence factors, specially CagA (cytotoxin‐associated gene A) toxin and development into the gastrointestinal diseases is taken into consideration. According to review of literature, despite the presence of four motifs A, B, C, and D in CagA toxin, two motifs C and D are more associated with gastrointestinal complications in patients who are infected by H. pylori. Methods: In the present study, we researched about theses ambiguities using a comprehensive meta-analysis study. In this study, we assessed the information of 1762 Iranian patients for potential relationship between all genotypes of cagA gene and gastrointestinal diseases.Results: According to statistical analysis, the abundance of cagA genotypes AB, ABC, ABCC, ABCCC, and ABD in Iranian population is 5.52%, 80.18%, 22.81%, 2.76%, and 0% respectively. In addition, it was determined that there is a significant relationship between cagA genotypes ABCC and ABCCC on the one hand and cagA genotype ABCCC on the other hand with susceptibility to chronic gastritis and gastric cancer respectively.Conclusions: Overall, it can be concluded that the higher number of EPIYA-C copy numbers lead to the higher risk of gastric cancer. According to our results, it seems that the presence of EPIYA-ABCCC motif in strains of H. pylori should be considered as an appropriate marker in preventing the gastric cancer among the Iranian population.
Older Patients’ Perspectives on Factors Contributing to Frequent Visits to the Emergency Department: A Qualitative Interview Study
Authors: Kolk Daisy , Kruiswijk Anton F. , MacNeil-Vroomen Janet L. , Ridderikhof Milan L. , Buurman Bianca M.
Published: October 2020

Background: Older patients are at high risk of unplanned revisits to the emergency department (ED) because of their medical complexity. To reduce the number of ED visits, we need more knowledge about the patient-level, environmental, and healthcare factors involved. The aim of this study was to collect older patients’ perspectives and experiences before and after an ED visit, and to identify factors that possibly contribute to frequent ED revisits.Methods: We performed semi-structured interviews with older patients who frequently visited the ED and were discharged home after an acute visit. Patients were enrolled in the ED of a university medical centre using purposive sampling to achieve maximum variation in heterogeneity. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded independently by two researchers. Theoretical analysis was used to identify recurring patterns and themes in the data. Interviews were conducted until thematic saturation was reached.Results: In-depth interviews were completed with 13 older patients. Three main themes emerged: 1) medical events leading to feelings of crisis, 2) patients’ untreated health problems, and 3) persistent problems in health and daily functioning post discharge. Participants identified problems before and after their ED visit that possibly contributed to further ED visits. These problems included increasing symptoms leading to feelings of crisis, the relationship with the general practitioner, incomplete discharge information at the ED, and inadequate follow-up and lack of recovery after an ED visit.Conclusions: This qualitative study identified multiple factors that may contribute to frequent ED visits among older patients. Older patients in need of acute care might benefit from hospital-at-home interventions, or acute care provided by geriatric emergency teams in the primary care setting. Identifying frailty in the ED is needed to improve discharge communication and adequate follow-up is needed to improve recovery after an acute ED visit.
Large Evaporite Provinces: Geothermal rather than Solar Origin?
Authors: Qin Zhanjie , Tang Chunan , Zhang Xiying , Chen Tiantian , Liu Xiangjun , Li Yongshou , Chen Zhen , Jiang Lianting
Published: October 2020

Large evaporite provinces (LEPs) represent prodigious volumes of evaporites widely developed from the Sinian to Neogene. The reasons why they often quickly develop on a large scale with large areas and thicknesses remain enigmatic. Possible causes range from warming from above to heating from below. The fact that the salt deposits in most salt-bearing basins occur mainly in the Sinian-Cambrian, Permian-Triassic, Jurassic-Cretaceous, and Miocene intervals favours a dominantly tectonic origin rather than a solar driving mechanism. Here, we analysed the spatio-temporal distribution of evaporites based on 138 evaporitic basins and found that throughout the Phanerozoiceon, LEPs occurred across the Earth’s surface in most salt-bearing basins, especially in areas with an evolutionary history of strong tectonic activity. The masses of evaporites, rates of evaporite formation, tectonic movements, and large igneous provinces (LIPs) synergistically developed in the Sinian-Cambrian, Permian, Jurassic-Cretaceous, and Miocene intervals, which are considered to be four of the warmest times since the Sinian. We realize that salt accumulation can proceed without solar energy and can generally be linked to geothermal changes in tectonically active zones. When climatic factors are involved, they may be manifestations of the thermal influence of the crust on the surface.
A scalable workflow for the human exposome
Authors: Hu Xin , Walker Douglas , Liang YongLiang , Smith Matthew , Orr Michael , Juran Brian , Ma Chunyu , Uppal Karan , Martin Greg , Neujahr David , Marsit Carmen , Go Young-Mi , Pennell Kurt , Miller Gary , N. Lazaridis , Jones Dean
Published: October 2020

Complementing the genome with an understanding of the human exposome is an important challenge for contemporary science and technology. Tens of thousands of chemicals are used in commerce, yet cost for targeted environmental chemical analysis limits surveillance to a few hundred known hazards. To overcome limitations which prevent scaling to thousands of chemicals, we developed a single-step express liquid extraction (XLE), gas chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS) analysis and computational pipeline to operationalize the human exposome. We show that the workflow supports quantification of environmental chemicals in small human plasma (200 µL) and tissue (≤ 100 mg) samples. The method also provides high resolution, sensitivity and selectivity for exposome epidemiology of mass spectral features without a priori knowledge of chemical identity. The simplicity of the method can facilitate harmonization of environmental biomonitoring between laboratories and enable population level human exposome research with limited sample volume.
Chip on a fiber toward the e-textile computing platform
Authors: Hwang Sunbin , Kang Minji , Lee Aram , Bae Sukang , Lee Seoung-Ki , Lee Sang Hyun , Lee Takhee , Wang Gunuk , Kim Tae-Wook
Published: October 2020

Electronic textiles have been considered one of the desired device platforms due to their dimensional compatibility with fabrics by weaving them with yarn. However, the existing electronic textile platforms are generally composed of only one type of electronic component with a single function on a fiber substrate because of processing challenges. A precise connecting process between each electronic fiber is essential to configure the desired electronic circuits or systems. Here we present a chip on a fiber, a new electronic fiber platform, by introducing large scale integration of electronic device or circuit components onto a one-dimensional microfiber substrate. The electronic components such as transistors, inverters, ring oscillators, and thermocouples were integrated together onto the outer surface of a fiber substrate with precise semiconductor and electrode patterns. Our results show that the electronic components can be integrated on a single fiber with reliable operation. We evaluate the electronic properties of the chip on a fiber as a multifunctional electronic textile platform by testing their switching and data processing, as well as sensing or transducing units for detecting optical/thermal signals. The demonstration of the chip on a fiber suggests significant proof of concepts for realization of high performance with wearable electronic textile systems.
Does Quarantine of Wuhan Effectively Restrict Early Geographic Spread of Novel Coronavirus Epidemic During Chunyun in China? a Spatial Model Study
Authors: Hu Yi , Kong Lingcai , Yao Tong , Chen XinDa , Du Wei
Published: October 2020

BackgroundPrior to Wuhan quarantine in 2020, chunyun, the largest population mobility on this planet, had begun. We quantify impacts of Wuhan quarantine on COVID-19 spread during chunyun at a nationwide and a local level. MethodsDuring the period of January 1 to February 9, 2020, a total of 40,278 confirmed COVID-19 cases from 319 municipalities in mainland China were modelled with the cross-coupled meta-population methods using between-city Baidu migration index. Four scenarios of geographic spread of COVID-19 included the presence of both chunyun and quarantine (baseline); quarantine without chunyun (scenario 1); chunyun without quarantine (scenario 2); and the absence of both chunyun and quarantine (scenario 3). ResultsCompared with the baseline, scenario 1 resulted in 3.84% less cases by February 9 while scenario 2 and 3 resulted in 20.22% and 32.46% more cases by February 9. Investigation of geographic distribution of cases revealed that chunyun facilitated the COVID-19 spread in most but not all cities, and effectiveness of city quarantine was offset by chunyun. Impacts of quarantine of Wuhan during chunyun on the COVID-19 spread demonstrate geographical heterogeneity. ConclusionOur result strongly supports the travel restriction as one of the effective emergency responses and highlight the importance of developing area-specific countermeasures.
Inhibited Long Non-Coding RNA OIP5-AS1 Elevated microRNA-92a to Suppress Proliferation and Metastasis of Ovarian Cancer Cells by Silencing ITGA6
Authors: Wang Yujue , Li Lingling , Zhang Xun , Zhao Xiaolan
Published: October 2020

Objective: Over the years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as essential biomarkers during the development of malignancies. This study was performed to verify the roles of lncRNA opa-interacting protein 5 antisense transcript 1 (OIP5-AS1) and miR-92a in ovarian cancer (OC).Methods: OIP5-AS1, miR-92a and ITGA6 expression in tissues and cells was assessed. The screened OC cells were respectively with integrin alpha 6 (ITGA6)/OIP5-AS1 silenced vector, miR-92a mimic/inhibitor or their negative controls. The viability, migration, invasion and apoptosis of the cells were determined and the levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins were also measured. The interactions between OIP5-AS1 and miR-92a, and between miR-92a and ITGA6 were confirmed by dual luciferase report gene assay and/or RNA pull-down assay.Results: OIP5-AS1 and ITGA6 were upregulated while miR-92a was downregulated in OC tissues versus the adjacent normal tissues. Inhibited OIP5-AS1 or elevated miR-92a repressed EMT, viability, migration and invasion of OC cells, and promoted OC cell apoptosis. These effects that induced by silenced OIP5-AS1 could be reversed by miR-92a inhibitor. The reduction of ITGA6 restricted EMT in OC cells. MiR-92a was a target of OIP5-AS1 and ITGA6 was targeted by miR-92a.Conclusion: OIP5-AS1 silencing promoted miR-92a to repress proliferation and metastasis of OC cells through inhibiting ITGA6. This research may provide potential biomarkers for OC.
Driving Resumption After Critical Illness: A Survey and Thematic Analysis of Patient Experience and Process
Authors: Meyer Joel , Pattison Natalie , Apps Chloe , Gager Melanie , Waldmann Carl
Published: October 2020

Background: Critical care sequelae are common in survivors of critical illness. Physical, psychological and cognitive impairments can affect quality of life for years after the original insult. Driving is an advanced task reliant on complex physical and cognitive functioning. Driving represents a positive recovery milestone. Little is currently known about the driving habits of critical care survivors. The aim of this study was to explore the driving practices of individuals after critical illness. Methods: A purpose-designed questionnaire was distributed to critical care recovery clinic attendees at the 1-year post hospital discharge time point. Results: A response rate of 90% was achieved. All respondents declared their intention to return driving. 68% had resumed driving by 3 months, 77% by 6 months and less than 80% by 1 year. The median interval (range) between critical care discharge and resumption of driving was 8 weeks (1 to 52 weeks). Psychological, physical and cognitive barriers were cited by respondents as barriers to driving resumption. Eight themes around driving resumption were identified through thematic framework content analysis; These were Confidence; Emotional strength/nervousness and anxiety; Concentration; Weakness and fatigue; Physical ability; Intrinsic motivation; Information; Timescales. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that resumption of driving following critical illness is substantially delayed. Qualitative analysis identified potentially modifiable barriers to driving resumption. Keywords: Driving, Critical illness, Critical Care, Recovery, Intensive care