bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Det paradoksale sprog i Erasmus af Rotterdams Dårskabens lovprisning
Authors: Johansen Theis Schønning
Published: January 2024

Erasmus of Rotterdam’s The Praise of Folly is a highly original paradoxical encomium in that the praise is undertaken by Folly herself. In his insightful work, Günter Bader points out the structural importance and theological consequences of this second-degree paradox in Folly’s self-praise, from which this article has drawn inspiration in order to understand among other things the complexity of the role of language and words in relation to the cognition of things in The Praise of Folly. This complexity undoubtedly pertains to other works in the opus of Erasmus, as is shown in the article, which forces us to reconsider our reception and interpretation of Erasmian Christology, Pneumatology and anthropology.
Mulighedens uendelighed – uendelighedens mulighed
Authors: Mortensen Anna Ravn
Published: January 2024

The article investigates the possibilities and limitations of a religious Christian hope from a postmodern perspective. It argues that Søren Kierkegaard’s Christian understanding of hope as ambiguous, despiteful, and ethical is in alignment with Gianni Vattimo’s postmodern theory of kenosis as the essence of secularity. The argument proceeds in three steps. The first section outlines the challenge and the potential of the postmodern. The second section analyzes Kierkegaard’s understanding of hope. The third section sketches how Vattimo’s postmodern theory contrasts the pragmatic, scientific, and nihilistic hopes of today and aligns with Kierkegaard’s understanding of hope.
Overlayered ecologies: Posthumanist perception of place in literature of the US South
Authors:   , Howard Christopher John
Published: January 2024

The soil of the U.S. South, and its inhabitants’ connection to it, has long been considered a major factor in the creation of a uniquely southern identity. The primary aim of this thesis is to demonstrate that contemporary southern authors are starting to display a new understanding of place in which our connection to the world around us becomes an inextricable relationship rather than an emotional attachment. Authors are starting to depict a posthumanist perception of place. Although southern literature has started to receive a long-needed presence in ecocritical studies, the focus of much of the existing work centres upon the anthropogenic. The region’s position as an inherently connected space is rarely addressed. With explorations in the field of New Southern Studies deconstructing interpretations of the U.S. South as a unique region, I suggest that posthumanism’s questioning of exceptionalism has made it a useful tool to demonstrate the importance of viewing the region through a lens of coexistence rather than exceptionalism. By addressing depictions of ecologies in various twenty-first century texts from the region, I argue specifically that southern authors are depicting associations of inherent connectivity and relationality that force us to rethink the tenability of place as an originator of identity. Demonstrating how various depictions of what I term overlayered ecologies evince a new way of understanding the world we occupy, I aim for an understanding of how the U.S. South positions itself through new narratives. I argue that rather than displaying connectivity solely through historical or modern economic and cultural factors, the relationality observed in the contemporary fiction examined is an inherent part of assemblage existence. It is a connectivity that removes the human from its core. As such, the constancy that is so crucial to conceptions of place as originator of identity are undermined. This represents a turning point in the U.S. South’s understanding of itself.
Le récit de Théramène au Pays de Québec. Une lecture du Vendeur de Sébastien Pilote
Authors: Bélanger David
Published: January 2024

L’espace est intimement lié à la tragédie. De Phèdre à Maria Chapdelaine jusqu’au Vendeur de Sébastien Pilote, cet article s’attache à démontrer la parenté des ressorts tragiques dans ces oeuvres. Plus particulièrement, l’annonce  — le récit de Théramène, le récit d’Eutrope, le récit des policiers — constitue le centre de cette étude. Le quiproquo, la fatalité monstrueuse, les divinités sont autant de variables redistribuées dans ces récits que l’analyse met à profit. À terme, il s’agit d’éclairer le film de Sébastien Pilote, en postulant, centrale, sa constituante tragique.
Répétitions et rêveries au centre du terroir. Trois variations sur l’imaginaire d’une région (Lefebvre, Édoin, Messier)
Authors: Carrier-Lafleur Thomas
Published: January 2024

Le parti pris de cet article consiste à parcourir « l’imaginaire de l’espace » des récits québécois de la terre à partir de la focale privilégiée d’un seul et même lieu : celui de la paroisse de Saint-Armand, dans la région de Brome-Missisquoi. Il s’agira ainsi de prendre conscience des moyens par lesquels un espace unique arrive à se répéter, mais aussi, comment, par le biais de différents auteurs, il arrive à se différencier, c’est-à-dire à se recréer. Ce jeu entre répétitions du même et différences hétérogènes sera aussi l’occasion d’une enquête intermédiatique, alors que seront à la fois étudiés des récits romanesques, ceux de William S. Messier, ainsi que des récits filmiques, ceux de Guy Édoin et de Jean Pierre Lefebvre. La constante entre ces différentes fictions de l’espace est, précisément, la terre de Saint-Armand, dont nous découvrirons les diverses strates.
Le traitement du lieu comme instance identitaire dans l’oeuvre de Denis Côté
Authors: Jardon-Gomez François
Published: January 2024

L’article propose d’analyser le traitement du lieu en tant qu’espace de construction de soi du personnage à travers l’étude des longs métrages réalisés par Denis Côté. Sont ciblés la nature des personnages et les moyens par lesquels ils se définissent à l’intérieur du cadre par rapport au lieu où ils se situent ainsi que leur capacité à s’adapter, ou non, à celui-ci. On verra comment la nature des lieux, désignés géographiquement mais pourtant d’apparence anonyme, jouera sur la manière dont les personnages se présentent et agissent. Au détriment de la relation entre personnages, la relation personnage-lieu devient le noeud central des films de Denis Côté. En somme, la construction du lieu par Côté précède et détermine la construction du personnage, qui se retrouve subordonné au monde qu’il habite.
Normand McLaren : pensée-cinéma et cinéplastique
Authors: Chateau Dominique
Published: January 2024

Dans le débat sur la pensée-cinéma, il n’est fait référence explicitement ou implicitement qu’à une certaine sorte de cinéma, narratif ou documentaire. Norman McLaren, par son oeuvre singulière comme par son domaine d’exercice, le cinéma d’animation, nous demande de réfléchir différemment sur ce sujet : comment la pensée-cinéma investit-elle ce genre de film où le diégétique régresse, tandis que le filmique même redevient l’enjeu majeur ? Comment cette exploration de la définition du médium travaille-t-elle la pensée et comment s’accommode-t-elle d’un privilège accordé à la plasticité filmique ? En plus du fort sentiment d’accomplissement que donne l’ensemble de son oeuvre, McLaren nous offre l’occasion de renouveler la théorie du cinéma en la pensant autrement.
L’image inquiète : le manque d’être chez Catherine Martin
Authors: Beaulieu Étienne
Published: January 2024

L’oeuvre cinématographique de Catherine Martin laisse entrevoir une certaine inquiétude de l’image au moment où un important changement de régime historique est en cours. Sans nostalgie, ces films tentent de lier avec le passé de l’image cinématographique, tout comme avec celui de la société québécoise en général, un lien ambigu et essentiel qui redonnerait à l’image une dimension proche et artisanale.
L’esthétique rock queer, de C.R.A.Z.Y. à Xavier Dolan
Authors: Laverdière Gabriel
Published: January 2024

L’analyse proposée des films C.R.A.Z.Y. (Jean-Marc Vallée, 2005), J’ai tué ma mère (Xavier Dolan, 2009), Les amours imaginaires (Dolan, 2010) et Laurence Anyways (Dolan, 2012) convoque trois perspectives : le rock, le camp et le queer. Dans ces films québécois, la musique rock semble orienter la narration et l’esthétique. Elle fait également le pont entre l’anticonformisme auquel renvoie le paradigme rock et l’identité marginale des personnages. L’esthétique de l’image se plie parfois à la bande sonore, qui encourage certains effets visuels. Cela dit, les films de Vallée et de Dolan se servent différemment de l’esthétique rock et du camp, ce qui s’accorde aux représentations distinctes qu’ils produisent eu égard à l’orientation ou à la diversité sexuelles et au genre. L’excès des films de Dolan, leur hyper-référentialité, leur jeu constant entre recherche d’émotions esthétiques et d’émois narratifs, leur fréquente suspension de la réalité contribuent à une écriture du différé dans laquelle les personnages queer jouissent d’une amplitude considérable, alors que dans C.R.A.Z.Y. la performance hyperbolique s’articule plutôt à une analytique de l’homophobie (sociétale et intériorisée) que le film s’efforce de dresser, sans pouvoir échapper à un certain malaise.
La réflexion médiatique dans Kid Sentiment de Jacques Godbout
Authors: Carrier-Lafleur Thomas , Lavoie Guillaume
Published: January 2024

Réalisé en 1967 et sorti en 1968, Kid Sentiment propose une réflexion dont le sujet est au moins double. D’un côté, il s’agit d’enquêter sur la « jeunesse d’aujourd’hui », grâce à la participation de deux membres du groupe rock Les Sinners, François Guy et Louis Parizeau, accompagnés de leurs deux amies de coeur, Andrée Cousineau et Michèle Mercure, quatre jeunes gens qui pour l’occasion incarnent des adolescents très « à gogo » en pleine découverte de la carte de Tendre. Par un maillage très serré de modes de communications, dont le présent article proposera l’analyse structurale, Godbout explore les différentes situations et thématiques constitutives de l’imaginaire de cette jeunesse « gogo » ou « yéyé ». D’un autre côté, ce treizième film sert de laboratoire réflexif pour le réalisateur, dans la mesure où à la question symbolique « qu’est-ce que la jeunesse en 1967-68? » s’ajoute une réflexion formelle sur le statut du cinéma direct, dont Kid Sentiment représente une manifestation tardive, et en cela maniériste.
Les grossesses en milieu scolaire en Afrique de l’Ouest et du Centre : les jeunes filles entre tradition et modernité
Authors: Isimat-Mirin Patricia Myriam
Published: January 2024

Les progrès économiques et sociaux qui ont résulté des processus d’indépendance des pays africains ont généré une croissance rapide des populations. Or, une telle explosion démographique constitue un véritable défi pour les gouvernements en termes de politique sociale, d’infrastructures et de services; parmi ces priorités figurent notamment la scolarisation, l’appui aux enseignants et la prise en charge sociale des élèves de plus en plus nombreux. Dans les premières années des Indépendances, des internats – des établissements scolaires construits dans l’urgence – facilitaient les inscriptions scolaires des enfants issus des villages et des campagnes. Ces internats ont été par la suite transformés en salles de classe ou en bureaux et la question de l’accueil et du logement des élèves venus de l’intérieur des pays s’est transformée en un casse-tête insoluble. Il en est résulté une forte promiscuité sociale sur fond de débrouillardise dans les villes abritant les lycées et collèges, se traduisant, entre autres dysfonctionnements, par l’explosion des grossesses en milieu scolaire. Ce phénomène, soutenu par l’influence des réseaux sociaux et des films à l’eau de rose, a pris une telle ampleur qu’il fait éclater toutes les dispositions sociales et familiales existantes. L’article fait ici le point des défis sociaux à relever pour remédier à ce phénomène général devenu mondial.
La profesionalización en los cuidados institucionales para personas mayores mediante formación
Authors: López Fernández Sandra
Published: January 2024

Este estudio aborda la relevancia de la capacitación y el desarrollo profesional de las trabajadoras de cuidados de atención directa en el contexto del Estado de Bienestar. La formación se establece como un elemento crucial que incide directamente en la calidad de los servicios proporcionados en las residencias para personas mayores, así como en la mejora de las condiciones laborales de estas profesionales. El estudio se centra en analizar el proceso de profesionalización de las Trabajadoras de Cuidados de Atención Directa en el cuidado a personas mayores, en el contexto castellanomanchego. Se analizó el contenido de 18 entrevistas en profundidad con especialistas involucrados en el proceso formativo y de profesionalización, abordando la formación, la presencia de la migración y brecha digital: considerados elementos cruciales para comprender los desafíos que se presentan para asegurar el Bienestar. Se evidencia la dificultad de conciliar, con responsabilidades familiares. La brecha digital también es un obstáculo por la falta de acceso y habilidades tecnológicas. Se destaca el impacto en el colectivo migrante y las carencias en la formación en el cuidado de personas mayores. La precariedad laboral persiste tras la formación, reflejada en bajos salarios y sobrecarga. Estos hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de reformular la formación y profesionalización, priorizando accesibilidad y adaptación a las necesidades laborales para garantizar calidad y dignificación en el cuidado a personas mayores, avanzando hacia un auténtico Estado del Bienestar.
Patrimonio cultural inmaterial como mecanismo de identidad, inclusión y participación intercultural de familias migrantes en tres escuelas chilenas
Authors: Aroca Toloza Carolina
Published: January 2024

El presente trabajo busca examinar la inclusión y participación de las familias provenientes de migración y la configuración de identidades a partir del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial (PCI). Se indaga sobre las estrategias que facilitan la participación, los obstáculos y facilitadores para la inclusión intercultural en el nivel infantil. El estudio se enmarca desde un enfoque cualitativo interpretativo, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 14 familias de tres escuelas de la ciudad de Santiago de Chile con alta población migrante. Los resultados muestran que la inclusión es vista desde un enfoque multicultural, que la participación se ve facilitada por una acogida positiva, buena relación con el profesorado y espacios de dialogo fluidos. Entre los obstáculos se presenta el uso del lenguaje en tanto modismos y palabras autóctonas, así como el dominio del idioma para el caso de los extranjeros de otra lengua. Se concluye que el Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial no es reconocido como un valor para favorecer una construcción de identidad cultural de los niños y niñas extranjeros, ni como dispositivo de inclusión social intercultural, aun cuando existen iniciativas de parte del profesorado de educación infantil para integrar a las familias en actividades de la escuela estas se presentan desde un enfoque folclorizado.
La aplicación del artículo 15 de la Ley de Competencia Desleal y su relevancia en el contexto de la Economía Social
Authors: Rabasa Martínez Ignacio
Published: January 2024

El presente trabajo es un estudio del artículo 15 de la Ley de Competencia Desleal, que, a grandes rasgos persigue el prevalimiento de una ventaja competitiva derivada de la infracción de distintas normas del ordenamiento jurídico. Partiendo de ese marco, se hace un análisis del fundamento de la norma y de su capacidad, si quiera indirecta, para incentivar el cumplimiento de las normas jurídicas cuyo fin puede ser la protección social o ambiental. El estudio de la norma se aborda desde la óptica de la Economía Social y la economía sosteninble, trayendo a colación, a lo largo de los distintos apartados las sinergias o particularidades que puede presentar su aplicación en este área.
El compliance como instrumento de responsabilidad social corporativa en las plataformas digitales de cuidados
Authors: Andreu Martí María del Mar
Published: January 2024

El trabajo se centra, tras analizar la actual crisis social de los cuidados y las recientes políticas institucionales para su resolución, en el estudio de las Plataformas digitales de cuidados de reciente aparición en nuestro país, con especial atención a las que son titularidad de entidades de la economía social como las cooperativas y las sociedades laborales. En su seno, es objeto de análisis pormenorizado cómo incorporar los programas de cumplimiento o compliance a este tipo de plataformas de trabajo ya que constituyen un instrumento de extraordinaria utilidad para que la empresa logre cumplir con su responsabilidad social corporativa, además de una obligación en breve.
La necesaria regulación del carpooling en España
Authors: Petit Lavall María Victoria
Published: January 2024

El presente trabajo analiza la aplicación de la actual regulación de la ordenación del transporte discrecional de viajeros por carretera en nuestro país aplicable a la actividad de las plataformas en línea y a sus usuarios, pues son múltiples las dudas que surgen, pese a sus puntuales modificaciones. En concreto, se centra en aquellas que siguen el modelo de BlaBlaCar, denominado carpooling: la posible calificación del servicio subyacente prestado por los usuarios como transporte privado particular, así como la determinación de la naturaleza de la actividad de la plataforma como prestadora de un servicio mixto (servicio de la sociedad de la información y transporte). Muchas de las actuales dudas parece que van a resolverse con la futura Ley de Movilidad Sostenible, pues no sólo contiene por primera vez en nuestra legislación una definición de carpooling, sino que prevé una modificación de la legislación del sector. Con todo, la proyectada Ley es susceptible de mejora.
Implicaciones de los últimos cambios normativos en la obligación de auditoría de las sociedades cooperativas de Euskadi
Authors: Zubiaurre Gurruchaga Amaia
Published: January 2024

La obligación de auditoria de las sociedades cooperativas en Euskadi ha sufrido cambios tras las últimas modificaciones introducidas tanto por la Ley 11/2019, de 20 de diciembre, de Cooperativas de Euskadi, como por el Real Decreto 2/2021, de 12 de enero, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento de desarrollo de la Ley 22/2015, de 20 de julio, de Auditoría de Cuentas. Este trabajo se centra en analizar dichos cambios y las razones que han empujado a adoptar dichos cambios. Tras varios años en los que se ha aplicado una regla diferente a las sociedades de capital y a las sociedades cooperativas, se ha unificado el criterio decisorio de la obligación de auditoría por el tamaño en ambos tipos de sociedades a través del cambio operado por el nuevo Reglamento que desarrolla la Ley de auditoría de cuentas al que se remite la Ley de sociedades cooperativas. La nueva Ley de Cooperativas de Euskadi obliga, además, a los socios solicitantes de la auditoría de cuentas a hacer frente a los costos de la auditoría y prevé que el consejo rector pueda acordar el sometimiento de la cooperativa a la auditoría de cuentas. Todas estas cuestiones y sus implicaciones serán objeto de estudio en este trabajo.
A ânfora vinária lusitana 3: diferenças morfológicas entre Tejo e Sado
Authors: Quaresma José Carlos , Santos Joel , Lopes Martim , Calaveiras Paulo
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo faz uma análise comparativa estatística de alguns atributos morfológicos da Lusitana 3, nas duas regiões produtoras, o Sado e o Tejo, situadas na costa ocidental da provincia da Lusitania. Esta análise foi feita a partir de uma reapreciação dos dados não quantificados, publicados, relativos a Abul e Pinheiro, e, sobretudo, de uma análise quantificada dos espólios do Porto dos Cacos e do Zambujalinho.
A análise dos perfis completos dados à estampa até hoje, em centros de consumo e em áreas de trânsito fluvial, permite a proposição de três módulos volumétricos: grácil, intermédio e grande.
A análise regional comparada dos perfis de bordo permitiu a constituição de três variantes: bordo triangular, maioritário no Tejo; bordo arqueado, maioritário no Sado; e bordo intermédio, sempre secundário. Ao nível das asas, a investigação aponta para morfologias exclusivas: mono-canelura longitudinal no Tejo e dupla-canelura longitudinal no Sado.
Magara Sanar (Marruecos). Arte rupestre en el estrecho de Gibraltar: policromía y cronología
Authors: Solís Delgado Mónica , Mas Cornellà Martí , De Lara López Hugo , Maura Mijares Rafael , Lemjidi Abdelkhalek , Oumouss Ahmed , Pérez González Javier , Torra Colell Guadalupe , García Rivero Daniel , García Algarra María , Maximiano Castillejo Alfredo Miguel
Published: January 2024

Presentamos los trabajos de documentación del arte rupestre de Magara Sanar (Tánger-Tetuán-Alhucemas, Marruecos), destacando el descubrimiento de la existencia de tres tipos de tonalidades empleadas para la ejecución de sus manifestaciones plásticas: roja, ocre y blanca. Su estudio ha contribuido a la elaboración de una propuesta preliminar de secuencia gráfica, desarrollada a partir de criterios tecnomorfológicos, cuyo ordenamiento en diferentes fases cronoculturales justifica, en función de determinadas similitudes estilísticas con el arte rupestre del Campo de Gibraltar y las Sierras que bordean la antigua Laguna de la Janda, el planteamiento de hipótesis acerca de posibles relaciones o procesos análogos entre ambas orillas del Estrecho de Gibraltar en diferentes momentos de la Prehistoria.
El Bronce Final y el Hierro Antiguo (1300/1250-550 cal AC) en los pasillos de Tabernas y Fiñana a partir de las prospecciones arqueológicas desarrolladas en el marco del Proyecto Millares
Authors: Giménez Sánchez Alfonso , Dorado Alejos Alberto , Spanedda Liliana , Adroher Auroux Andrés M. , Alcaraz Hernández Francisco Miguel , Molina González Fernando
Published: January 2024

En las décadas de los años 80 y 90 se llevaron a cabo varias prospecciones en el marco del Proyecto Los Millares, con el objetivo de ampliar el conocimiento de la secuencia de ocupación de los pasillos de Fiñana y Tabernas durante la Prehistoria Reciente. Presentamos aquí parte de los resultados de estas prospecciones, centrándonos en las fases del Bronce Final y el Hierro Antiguo. El análisis de los materiales además de permitirnos adscribir nuevos asentamientos a estos periodos, nos ha facilitado la exploración de las dinámicas de poblamiento en la transición hacia la formación de los oppida ibéricos. Entre los materiales estudiados, los fragmentos a torno de origen fenicio son muy minoritarios, lo que indica que estas áreas no constituyeron vías de penetración importantes hacia el interior.
Vestígios de pintura em miliário romano da via nova (milha XXXI a Bracara Augusta), Norte de Portugal. Uma abordagem multidisciplinar
Authors: Bottaini Carlo , Redendor Armando , Bernardes Paulo , Alves Mafalda , Miguel Catarina , Oliveira César
Published: January 2024

A presença de vestígios de cor em miliários é um facto raramente documentado. No Noroeste hispânico, onde a densidade de miliários romanos é bastante elevada, até ao momento, só se conhecem dois casos, sendo um deles objeto do presente estudo. O miliário em causa pertence à via XVIII do Itinerário de Antonino e foi identificado na milha XXXI a Bracara Augusta, nos anos 90 do passado século.O objetivo deste trabalho é, para lá da apresentação do miliário em questão, a caraterização do tipo de pigmento utilizado no seu acabamento. Para atingir este propósito, recorreu-se a uma abordagem multianalítica na qual se selecionaram diferentes técnicas complementares, como o XRF, o XRD, a microscopia digital e eletrónica e a espetroscopia de Raman. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que o miliário terá recebido pintura nos sulcos da inscrição com pigmento obtido da hematite, um óxido de ferro ocorrente no Norte de Portugal.
Fluorescence lifetime imaging of dynamics of mitochondrial and nucleolar microenvironment during stimuli response in living cells
Authors: Yang Zhi-Gang , Liu Ying-Chao , Zhang Shi-Qing , Luo Rui-Jian , Zhao Xu-Qian , Lian Jia-Rong , Qu Jun-Le ,   Optoelectronic Devices and Systems Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education/ Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
Published: January 2024

Nucleolus and mitochondria play an important role in maintaining cell balance, and studying their physiological processes is helpful in understanding the biological functions. In this work, a red fluorescent pyrene rhodamine probe is used to target and label cell mitochondria and nucleolus under different conditions, and the binding mode of probe and RNA is also clarified by bio-computational simulation results. Confocal laser scanning microscopy is used to analyze the morphological changes of apoptosis in HeLa cells under the action of laser light, paclitaxel and colchicine, and the changes of microenvironment between mitochondria and nucleolus are quantitatively analyzed by fluorescence lifetime imaging phase map. It is determined that the average fluorescence lifetime of the probe labeled mitochondria in steady-state HeLa cells is about 3.65 ns. The mitochondrial viscosity is about 66×10–3 Pa·s. After laser irradiation, mitochondrial fracture and fusion occur, the fluorescence lifetime of the probe decreases to 3.61 ns and the mitochondrial viscosity increases to about 131×10–3 Pa·s. The mean fluorescence lifetime of the probe labeled nucleolus of HeLa cells increases from 4.23 ns to 4.32 ns, indicating that the changes of the nucleolus microenvironment is induced by prolonging laser irradiation. Apoptosis is induced by paclitaxel and colchicine, and the nucleolus moves out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm. Meanwhile, the fluorescence lifetime of the probe labeled nucleolus first increases and then decreases. The treatment time of paclitaxel increases from 0.5 h to 4 h, and the average lifetime of the probe labeled nucleolus of HeLa cells increases from 4.19 ns to 4.47 ns, and finally decreases to 4.42 ns, reflecting the differences in nucleolar microenvironment of HeLa cells induced by different treatment times of paclitaxel. Comparing with the blank HeLa cell, the average lifetime of the probe increases from 4.10 ns to 4.34 ns after 1 h treatment with colchicine at low concentration (10 nmol/L), and continuously increases to 4.47 ns after 1 h treatment with high concentration (100 nmol/L) colchicine. The microenvironments of nucleolus and mitochondria induced by apoptosis induced by colchicine at different concentrations are shown. The above three ways of inducing injury or apoptosis, i.e. by laser light, paclitaxel and colchicine, prove that the changes of nucleolar and mitochondrial microenvironment and functional changes of HeLa cells under the condition of cell instability provide a new method of studying the dynamic process of apoptosis induced by different pathways and the diseases related to nucleolar and mitochondrial dysfunction as well.
Styxl2 regulates de novo sarcomere assembly by binding to non-muscle myosin IIs and promoting their degradation
Authors: Chen Xianwei , Li Yanfeng , Xu Jin , Cui Yong , Wu Qian , Yin Haidi , Li Yuying , Gao Chuan , Jiang Liwen , Wang Huating , Wen Zilong , Yao Zhongping , Wu Zhenguo
Published: January 2024

Styxl2, a poorly characterized pseudophosphatase, was identified as a transcriptional target of the Jak1-Stat1 pathway during myoblast differentiation in culture. Styxl2 is specifically expressed in vertebrate striated muscles. By gene knockdown or genetic knockout, we found that Styxl2 plays an essential role in maintaining sarcomere integrity in developing muscles of both zebrafish and mice. To further reveal the functions of Styxl2 in adult muscles, we generated two inducible knockout mouse models: one with
Styxl2
being deleted in mature myofibers to assess its role in sarcomere maintenance, and the other in adult muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) to assess its role in
de novo
sarcomere assembly. We find that Styxl2 is not required for sarcomere maintenance but functions in
de novo
sarcomere assembly during injury-induced muscle regeneration. Mechanistically, Styxl2 interacts with non-muscle myosin IIs, enhances their ubiquitination, and targets them for autophagy-dependent degradation. Without Styxl2, the degradation of non-muscle myosin IIs is delayed, which leads to defective sarcomere assembly and force generation. Thus, Styxl2 promotes
de novo
sarcomere assembly by interacting with non-muscle myosin IIs and facilitating their autophagic degradation.
X-ray structure and enzymatic study of a bacterial NADPH oxidase highlight the activation mechanism of eukaryotic NOX
Authors: Petit-Hartlein Isabelle , Vermot Annelise , Thepaut Michel , Humm Anne-Sophie , Dupeux Florine , Dupuy Jerome , Chaptal Vincent , Marquez Jose Antonio , Smith Susan ME , Fieschi Franck
Published: January 2024

NADPH oxidases (NOX) are transmembrane proteins, widely spread in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Eukaryotes use the ROS products for innate immune defense and signaling in critical (patho)physiological processes. Despite the recent structures of human NOX isoforms, the activation of electron transfer remains incompletely understood. SpNOX, a homolog from Streptococcus pneumoniae, can serves as a robust model for exploring electron transfers in the NOX family thanks to its constitutive activity. Crystal structures of SpNOX full-length and dehydrogenase (DH) domain constructs are revealed here. The isolated DH domain acts as a flavin reductase, and both constructs use either NADPH or NADH as substrate. Our findings suggest that hydride transfer from NAD(P)H to FAD is the rate-limiting step in electron transfer. We identify significance of F397 in nicotinamide access to flavin isoalloxazine and confirm flavin binding contributions from both DH and Transmembrane (TM) domains. Comparison with related enzymes suggests that distal access to heme may influence the final electron acceptor, while the relative position of DH and TM does not necessarily correlate with activity, contrary to previous suggestions. It rather suggests requirement of an internal rearrangement, within the DH domain, to switch from a resting to an active state. Thus, SpNOX appears to be a good model of active NOX2, which allows us to propose an explanation for NOX2’s requirement for activation.
X-Ray Structure and enzymatic study of a Bacterial NADPH oxidase highlight the activation mechanism of eukaryotic NOX
Authors: Petit-Härtlein Isabelle , Vermot Annelise , Thépaut Michel , Humm Anne Sophie , Dupeux Florine , Dupuy Jerôme , Chaptal Vincent , Marquez José A. , Smith Susan M.E. , Fieschi Franck
Published: January 2024

NADPH oxidases (NOX) are transmembrane proteins that professionally produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and are distributed widely in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Eukaryotes use the ROS products for innate immune defense and signaling; the seven human isoforms of NOX participate in critical physiological and pathophysiological processes. Recently solved structures of two human NOX isoforms provide much new information, but do not fully elucidate controls on the electron transfer pathway from NAD(P)H substrate through FAD and heme cofactors to the final ROS product. SpNOX, a bacterial NOX homolog from
Streptococcus pneumoniae
, shows robust constitutive activity in detergent solution, making it a good prototype for exploring electron transfer in the NOX family. Here we present crystal structures of wildtype and mutant full-length and dehydrogenase (DH) domain-only constructs of SpNOX. The isolated DH domain acts as a flavin reductase, and both DH and full-length constructs use either NADPH or NADH as substrate. Our data supports hydride transfer from NAD(P)H to FAD as the rate limiting step in electron transfer. Using the DH domain we demonstrate the role of F397 in allowing access of nicotinamide to the flavin isoalloxazine, while in the full length construct we used mutants and flavin analogs to confirm the contribution of both domains to flavin binding observed in the structure. Comparison with homologous enzymes suggests distal heme access may influence the final electron acceptor, while the relative position of DH and TM does not necessarily correlate with activity of a given NOX family member. Based on this comparison, SpNOX appears to be a good model of active NOX2, which allows us to propose an explanation for NOX2’s requirement for activation.
Pan-cortical 2-photon mesoscopic imaging and neurobehavioral alignment in awake, behaving mice
Authors: Vickers Evan D. , McCormick David A.
Published: January 2024

The flow of neural activity across the neocortex during active sensory discrimination is constrained by task-specific cognitive demands, movements, and internal states. During behavior, the brain appears to sample from a broad repertoire of activation motifs. Understanding how these patterns of local and global activity are selected in relation to both spontaneous and task-dependent behavior requires in-depth study of densely sampled activity at single neuron resolution across large regions of cortex. In a significant advance toward this goal, we developed procedures to record mesoscale 2-photon Ca
2+
imaging data from two novel
in vivo
preparations that, between them, allow simultaneous access to nearly all of the mouse dorsal and lateral neocortex. As a proof of principle, we aligned neural activity with both behavioral primitives and high-level motifs to reveal the existence of large populations of neurons that coordinated their activity across cortical areas with spontaneous changes in movement and/or arousal. The methods we detail here facilitate the identification and exploration of widespread, spatially heterogeneous neural ensembles whose activity is related to diverse aspects of behavior.
β-sitosterol isolated from the leaves of Trema orientalis (Cannabaceae) promotes viability and proliferation of BF-2 cells
Authors: Mekarunothai Amita , Bacher Markus , Buathong Raveevatoo , Intarasam Saraphorn , Tayana Ngampuk , Kongkiatpaiboon Sumet , Charoenrat Theppanya , Napiroon Tiwtawat
Published: January 2024

Trema orientalis is a pioneer species in the cannabis family (Cannabaceae) that is widely distributed in Thai community forests and forest edges. The mature leaves are predominantly used as an anti-parasite treatment and feed for local freshwater fish, inspiring investigation of their phytochemical composition and bioactivity. The purpose of this work was to investigate the bioactive compounds in T. orientalis leaf extract and their cytotoxicity in the BF-2 fish cell line (ATCC CCL-91). Flash column chromatography was used to produce 25 mL fractions with a mixture solvent system comprised of hexane, diethyl ether, methanol, and acetone. All fractions were profiled with HPLC-DAD (mobile phase methanol:aqueous buffer, 60:40 v/v) and UV detection (wavelengths 256 and 365 nm). After drying, a yellowish powder was isolated from lipophilic leaf extract with a yield of 280 µg/g dry weight. Structure elucidation by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) indicated it to consist of pure β-sitosterol. The lipophilic extract and pure compound were evaluated for cytotoxicity using BF-2 cells. MTT assays showed both leaf extract and pure compound at 1 µg/mL to increase cell viability after 24 h treatment. The respective half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of leaf extract and β-sitosterol were 7,027.13 and 86.42 µg/ml, indicating a lack of toxicity in the BF-2 cell line. Hence, T. orientalis can serve as a source of non-toxic natural lipophilic compounds that can be useful as bioactive ingredients in supplement feed development.
A peptide encoded by the circular form of the SHPRH gene induces apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Gao Jingjing , Pan Hong , Li Jie , Jiang Jun , Wang Wenxian
Published: January 2024

Background

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) and their derived peptides represent largely unchartered areas in cellular biology, with many potential roles yet to be discovered. This study aimed to elucidate the role and molecular interactions of circSHPRH and its peptide derivative SHPRH-146aa in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma (NB).

Methods

NB samples in the GSE102285 dataset were analyzed to measure circSHPRH expression, followed by in vitro experiments for validation. The role of SHPRH-146aa in NB cell proliferation, migration, and invasion was then examined, and luciferase activity assay was performed after SHPRH-146aa and RUNX1 transfection. Finally, the regulation of NB cell apoptosis by SHPRH-146aa combined with NFKBIA was tested.

Results

The GSE102285 dataset indicated overexpression of circSHPRH in NB samples, further supported by in vitro findings. Overexpression of circ-SHPRH and SHPRH-146aa inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of NB cells. A significant increase in apoptosis was observed, with upregulation of Caspase-3 and downregulation of Bcl-2. Furthermore, the peptide derivative SHPRH-146aa, derived from circSHPRH, suppressed NB cell malignancy traits, suggesting its role as a therapeutic target. A direct interaction between SHPRH-146aa and the transcription factor RUNX1 was identified, subsequently leading to increased NFKBIA expression. Notably, NFKBIA knockdown inhibited the pro-apoptotic effect of SHPRH-146aa on NB cells.

Conclusion

The study demonstrates that circ-SHPRH and SHPRH-146aa play significant roles in inhibiting the malignant progression of NB. They induce apoptosis primarily by modulating key apoptotic proteins Caspase-3 and Bcl-2, a process that appears to be regulated by NFKBIA. The SHPRH-146aa-RUNX1 interaction further elucidates a novel pathway in the regulation of apoptosis in NB. These findings indicate that circ-SHPRH and its derived peptide SHPRH-146aa could be potential therapeutic targets for NB treatment.
Análise da adoção de critérios de sustentabilidade ambiental na aquisição de bens em um tribunal de justiça estadual
Authors: Oliveira Amanda de Araújo , Borba Eric Renato Brito , Martins José Antônio de Lima , Da Costa Wagner José Feitosa , De Paulo Felipe Luiz Lima , Xavier Maria Gilca Pinto , Albuquerque José de Lima
Published: January 2024

Esta pesquisa visa analisar a adoção de critérios de sustentabilidade ambiental nos processos de aquisição de bens em um Tribunal de Justiça estadual localizado na região nordeste, por meio de pesquisa descritiva e documental. Para tanto, foi aplicada às licitações de 2020 e 2021 uma adaptação da metodologia proposta por Ferraz (2021), que valoriza cada critério sustentável em uma licitação de acordo com o grau de aderência da Instrução Normativa nº 01/2010. Os resultados sugerem, de forma geral, a baixa aderência das compras públicas em relação aos critérios de sustentabilidade ambiental, apesar de o seu Plano de Logística Sustentável prever a aplicação deles. Para trabalhos futuros, poderiam ser analisados os critérios de sustentabilidade ambiental na aquisição de bens em outros tribunais de justiça estaduais, utilizando a adaptação que foi feita da metodologia proposta por Ferraz (2021). Isso pode ser útil para a criação de um guia geral de avaliação para a aquisição de bens em tribunais de justiça estaduais que sejam sustentáveis do ponto de vista ambiental.
Growth kinetics of citric acid extracted from Tahiti lemon using vibrating bed crystallizer
Authors: Malagoni Ricardo Amâncio , Teixeira Gustavo Araújo , Júnior Antonio Carlos Gomes de Sousa , Finzer José Roberto Delalibera
Published: January 2024

Dados de cristalização do ácido cítrico são essenciais em projetos de equipamentos industriais. Este ácido é amplamente utilizado nas indústrias alimentícia, química e farmacêutica. No presente trabalho, o ácido do suco de limão Tahiti centrifugado e filtrado reagiu com hidróxido de cálcio formando citrato de cálcio. Na recuperação do ácido cítrico, este sal reagiu com o ácido sulfúrico diluído. A solução obtida foi concentrada e cristalizada em cristalizador cilíndrico-cônico de aço inoxidável. As condições de número de vibração adimensional, nível de supersaturação e população de sementes foram definidas em pesquisas anteriores. As taxas de crescimento foram determinadas em tempos de cristalização de 0,5 h a 2,0 h e análises cromatográficas foram realizadas para determinar a pureza do produto.
Diversidad de arañas hipogeas del archipiélago canario
Authors: Macías-Hernández Nuria , Suárez Daniel , de la Cruz-López Salvador , López Heriberto , Oromí Pedro
Published: January 2024

En Canarias el medio subterráneo terrestre habitable ocupa una elevada proporción del terreno e incluye hábitats diversos como los tubos de lava y otros tipos de cavidades volcánicas, la red profunda de grietas, el medio subterráneo superficial o los campos de piroclastos. Su extensión y frecuente interconexión permite la presencia de una gran diversidad de especies adaptadas a este medio (troglobiontes). Todas las arañas troglobiontes encontradas son endemismos canarios y cada isla, a excepción de Lanzarote, tiene sus propias especies. Tras los coleópteros, las arañas son el grupo de artrópodos con más troglobiontes en el archipiélago: 39 especies pertenecientes a 9 familias distintas. En este trabajo se aporta un listado de las arañas troglobiontes del archipiélago canario, se comentan datos relevantes de las distintas familias representadas, y se compara dicha fauna con la de otros archipiélagos oceánicos. Finalmente, se abordan las principales amenazas que afectan a estas especies y a la conservación del medio subterráneo en Canarias.
Probabilidad de encuentro de sitios con Latrodectus mirabilis (Holmberg, 1876) (Araneae Theridiidae) en el Parque Provincial Ernesto Tornquist (Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Authors: Giambelluca Luis Alberto , Iglesias María del Rosario , González Alda
Published: January 2024

Latrodectus mirabilis (Holmberg, 1876), conocida comúnmente como viuda negra, es una araña de gran interés sanitario, tanto para el ser humano como para animales domésticos. En Argentina es la especie de mayor distribución y la más austral. En Sierra de la Ventana, Argentina, tiene un ciclo anual con adultos durante los meses cálidos (diciembre a abril) y ootecas durante todo el invierno. Frangi y Bottino (1995) identificaron para esta zona 16 unidades vegetales (UV). Los modelos de distribución de especies sostienen que los individuos de una especie se distribuyen de acuerdo a patrones específicos que pueden ser relacionados con variables ambientales predictivas, a fin de evaluar los patrones de presencia de especies y la idoneidad de su hábitat. Como las reservas o parques naturales son lugares ideales para este tipo de estudio se trabajó en el Parque Provincial E. Tornquist (Sierra de la Ventana, Buenos Aires) y se identificaron los sitios con presencia de individuos adultos y ootecas de L. mirabilis, se analizó su distribución a través de las UV descriptas por Lizzi et al. 2007 y se generó un modelo de distribución de especie (SDM) mediante la utilización de sensores remotos y datos recolectados en el Parque.
Adverse Events Following Immunization of COVID-19 Vaccines in People Vaccinated from June 2021 to March 2022 in Ouagadougou
Authors: Diallo Ismaël , Sawadogo Abdoulaye , Ouédraogo Gafourou Arsène , Ouédraogo Smaïla , Diendéré Eric Arnaud , Zoungrana Jacques , Bognounou Réné , Savadogo Mamoudou , Sondo Apoline Kongnimissom
Published: January 2024

Aims: To study adverse events following immunization of Covid-19 vaccines in people vaccinated from June 14, 2021 to March 13, 2022 at the vaccination center of University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo.
Study Design:  Our study was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study.
Place and duration of study: Department of Medicine, from June 14, 2021 to March 13, 2022 at CHU-YO.
Methodology: To identify the factors associated with the occurrence of adverse events following immunization, we used univariate binary logistic regression and a threshold of p < 0.2 was used for inclusion in the multivariate analysis. The significance threshold was then 0.05. We have obtained authorization to use the data from the ethics committee.
Results: A total of 646 people were included. The mean age was 49.84 years [18 - 78 years]. The sex ratio (M/F) was 1.73. Health workers accounted for 32.2% of those vaccinated. Hypertension, allergy and diabetes were the most frequently reported medical conditions in 15.2%, 10.4% and 6.7% of those vaccinated respectively. Four hundred and forty-eight 448 (69.3%) presented at least one adverse event following immunization, of which 446 (99.6%) were minor and 2 (0.4%) major. Pain at the injection site, headache and fever accounted for 87.4%, 82.6% and 67.8% of cases respectively. The two major adverse events following immunization were anaphylactic shock and hemiparesis.  In the majority of cases, adverse events following immunization occurred within 48 h of COVID-19 vaccination. Healthcare workers and history of allergy were statistically associated with the occurrence of adverse events following immunization.
Conclusion: We need to study the adverse events following immunization associated with COVID-19 vaccines, in order to increase the population's adherence to the vaccine and better combat this Coronavirus pandemic.
Effects of Major Fungal Pathogens on Growth and Yield of Improved and Local Sorghum Genotypes under Field Trials in Lower Eastern Kenya
Authors: Robert Mulupi Ken , Charles Orek , Koima Irene Njeri , Muli Benjamin , Evans Nyaboga
Published: January 2024

Sorghum is a climate resilient cereal that offers food and nutrition security for the arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs). Its production potential is however limited by fungal diseases. A study on the effects of major fungal diseases on sorghum growth and yield and identification of tolerant genotypes is critical for sustainable sorghum production. A total of 14 germplasms were analyzed under a two-seasonal field trial laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications at two different agro-ecological zones within Kenya’s ASALs. A spreader row technique using a highly susceptible variety and natural infections was used for fungal inoculation. Ten plants randomly sampled and tagged from two inner rows in each plot, were used to asses plant growth, yield, and diseases. Diseases were identified using identification keys, visual symptoms, and signs and effects scored through disease severity (DS) and disease incidence (DI). Identified diseases included anthracnose, leaf blight, rust, gray leaf spot, ladder leaf spot, oval leaf spot, downy mildew, and covered kernel smut. Higher DS (>7.0) and DI (>50%) were recorded in anthracnose, leaf blight, and leaf rust across most genotypes. The significant (P≤0.01) negative correlations between DS and days to 50% flowering, number of green leaves, leaf area and panicle width indicated potential disease inhibition of sorghum growth. Correlations between DS and dry biomass, grain yield and grain weight were also negative but insignificant (P>0.05) implying no disease effects on sorghum yield. Improved genotypes had the least foliar and panicle infections and produced significantly higher grain yield (>2.0 t/ha) compared to local varieties with lower yield (<1.5t/ha) and higher foliar and panicle symptoms. The improved genotypes were thus classified as tolerant to fungal diseases and could be used to support resistance breeding programs as a sustainable management strategy for improved sorghum production in ASALs of Kenya.