bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sliding Mode Control of a 2D Torsional MEMS Micromirror with Sidewall Electrodes
Authors: Chen Hui , Pallapa Manu , Sun Weijie , Sun Zhendong , Yeow John T. W.
Published: September 2013

This paper presents a sliding mode control scheme to improve the positioning performance of a 2-Degree-of-freedom (DOF) torsional MEMS micromirror with sidewall electrodes. The stability of closed-loop system is proved by Lyapunov stability theorem under the existence of bounded parameter uncertainties and external disturbances. Furthermore, the performance of the closed-loop system is illustrated by experimental and simulation results which verify that the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme. The results demonstrated that the torsional MEMS micromirror with the proposed sliding mode controller has a good transient response and tracking performance.
An Advance Q Learning (AQL) Approach for Path Planning and Obstacle Avoidance of a Mobile Robot
Authors: Chakraborty Arpita , Banerjee Jyoti Sekhar
Published: September 2013

The goal of this paper is to improve the performance of the well known Q learning algorithm, the robust technique of Machine learning to facilitate path planning in an environment. Until this time the Q learning algorithms like Classical Q learning(CQL)algorithm and Improved Q learning (IQL) algorithm deal with an environment without obstacles, while in a real environment an agent has to face obstacles very frequently. Hence this paper considers an environment with number of obstacles and has coined a new parameter, called ‘immediate penalty’ due to collision with an obstacle. Further the proposed technique has replaced the scalar ‘immediate reward’ function by ‘effective immediate reward’ function which consists of two fuzzy parameters named as, ‘immediate reward’ and ‘immediate penalty’. The fuzzification of these two important parameters not only improves the learning technique, it also strikes a balance between exploration and exploitation, the most challenging problem of Reinforcement Learning. The proposed algorithm stores the Q value for the best possible action at a state; as well it saves significant path planning time by suggesting the best action to adopt at each state to move to the next state. Eventually, the agent becomes more intelligent as it can smartly plan a collision free path avoiding obstacles from distance. The validation of the algorithm is studied through computer simulation in a maze like environment and also on KheperaII platform in real time. An analysis reveals that the Q Table, obtained by the proposed Advanced Q learning (AQL) algorithm, when used for path-planning application of mobile robots outperforms the classical and improved Q-learning.
Knowledge Diffusion via Social Networks
Authors: Christozov Dimitar , Toleva-Stoimenova Stefka
Published: September 2013

The paper focuses on the phenomenon of social networks and their role in the process of knowledge diffusion. Social networks define the structure of a population of individuals. Diverse and dynamic environments lead to evolution of social networks as informing media. The Internet revolution affected especially the way people communicate and it naturally produced a new infrastructure for maintaining social networks. Different topologies of social networks are considered as different paths of knowledge diffusion. The paper addresses the challenges and opportunities this new infrastructure provides. It also argues for needs of “social network literacy” for successful and fruitful use of technology in solving the knowledge acquiring problem.
Formal Verification of Secrecy, Coercion Resistance and Verifiability Properties for a Remote Electronic Voting Protocol
Authors: Marzouki Khaoula , Radhouani Amira , Ben Rajeb Narjes
Published: September 2013

Electronic voting protocols have many advantages over traditional voting but they are complex and subject to many kinds of attacks. Therefore, the use of formal verification methods is crucial to ensure some security properties. We propose to model a recent protocol of remote electronic voting in the applied Pi-calculus. We focalized on some security properties such as fairness which expresses the impossibility of obtaining partial results, eligibility which requires that only legitimate voters can vote, coercion resistance which ensures that no voter may vote under pressure, and verifiability which supposes that anyone can verify the accuracy of the final result. We proved either manually or using the automated verification tool ProVerif that the protocol satisfies these security properties.
Preparation and Properties of Poly(lactic Acid) Fiber Reinforced PHBV Composite
Authors: Liang Guo Lei , Li Zhi Hong , Wu Ji Min , Zhao Xiang , Jiang Wei Juan , Chen Zi Hao , Guan Jing , Huang Shu Jie , Zhang Xi Zheng
Published: September 2013

Purposes: This study is to improve the mechanical properties and machinability performance of PHBV. Procedures: PLA/PHBV composites were prepared by dry blend in the melt mixing. The contents of PLA fiber in PHBV matrix are 0, 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10 wt. %. Methods: PLA/PHBV composites were subjected to mechanical property, thermal and morphology evaluation. Results: The results showed the immiscibility of PLA fiber and PHBV matrix. The excellent mechanical properties of the composite (the content of PLA fiber is 8 wt. %) were higher than those of neat PHBV. The micrograph of the fracture surfaces showed that the addition of PLA fiber evidently improved the toughness of PLA/PHBV blends and showed a broad spectrum of PLA fiber diameter (about 200 nm). Conclusions: The improvements were due to the efficient of the PLA fiber as the reinforcement. And the blends showed a significant ductile plastic deformation. The PLA/PHBV blends can be used for a wide range of multifunctional biomedical materials such as the internal fixation of fracture.
Self-Assembly of Asymmetrical Diblock Copolymers Confined in Carbon Nanotube
Authors: Zuo Yu Xin , Wang Guo Qiang , Yu Ying , Zuo Chun Cheng , Wang Yi Rui
Published: September 2013

We present molecular dynamic (MD) simulations to model and simulate the self-assembly of asymmetrical diblock copolymers (DCP) confined in carbon nanotube (CNT). The strength of the attractive interaction is systemically varied to examine effects on the self-assembled morphologies. The aim of our study is to understand how the surface energy and cohesive energy affect the structure. The dependence of the chain conformation on the strength of the surface preference is reasonably explained. The energetics is discussed qualitatively and used to account for the appearance of the complex morphological transition.
MFS Heat Conduction Modeling of Composite Materials Reinforced by CNT-Fibers with Large Aspect Ratio
Authors: Žmindák Milan , Pelagić Zoran , Dudinsky Martin
Published: September 2013

Carbon Nanotube (CNT) fibers, which are used to reinforce composite materials areoften associated within the aspect ratio values 103:1-106:1, sometimes even larger. The Method of Continuous Source Functions (MCSF) used for simulating fiber-matrix and fiber-fiber interaction uses 1D continuous source functions which are distributed along the fiber. The source functions serve as Trefftz (T-) functions, which can satisfy the governing equations which are inside the composite domain (composite matrix) and the boundary conditions on the fiber-matrix interfaces are satisfied through the collocation points along the fiber boundaries in the least square (LS) sense. For the presented heat conduction problems, the nanotube fibers are supposed to be super-conductive at the first stage. Temperatures and heat flows in the control volume (CV) enable to define homogenized material properties for corresponding patch of the investigated composite material.
Compatibility between Paclitaxel and Polymer Carrier
Authors: Zhao Wen , Liu Wen Long , Wang Jie Liang
Published: September 2013

Several polymer-based drug delivery systems are being developed to enhance the extremely low water-solubility of paclitaxel (PTX). It is believed that there is a positive correlation between the compatibility of polymer-drug and the solubilization. In recent years, solubility parameters for polymer and drug were used to evaluate degree of compatibility between a drug and a polymer, which were measured using various experimental methods or estimated using the group contribution menthod (GCM). In this study, degree of compatibility between PTX and polymers were estimated by molar free energy of mixing (Δ̗mix) that was calculated through computer simulation. It is found that the degree of compatibility is: PTX-PTRP > PTX-PLBG > PTX-PLGA > PTX-PCL > PTX-PLA. It has been demonstrated that the result of this study is in accord with the Similar Dissolve Mutually Theory.
Application Research of IP Direct Connection to Access Mainframe Using CICS Web Support
Authors: Tang Jian Feng , Zhang Xia Ning
Published: September 2013

CICS Web Support provided some CICS services, so that users could directly invoke and access the application in CICS through web browser. Users could use web-aware program to process web request and response. The paper used a case of CICS Web Support to process non-http request, to do application research of CICS Web Support IP direct connection to access mainframe. By determining the length of received data through the global pointer in CICS Web Support, the sample program realized the two times' invocation of Analyzer. At the same time, we finished the conversion of code page, and in user program, we received the requested data transmitted from Analyzer by applying BLI interface. In CICS side we used TSQ to record the program invocation in the non-HTTP processing. The conclusion is that it is feasible for IP direct connection to access mainframe using CICS Web Support function.
Rough Air-Soft Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication
Authors: Wongseedakaew Khanittha , Panichakorn Jesda
Published: September 2013

This paper presents the effects of rough surface air-soft elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) of rollers for soft material under the effect of air molecular slip. The time independent modified Reynolds equation and elasticity equation were solved numerically using finite different method, Newton-Raphson method and multigrid multilevel methods were used to obtain the film pressure profiles and film thickness in the contact region. The effects of amplitude of surface roughness, modulus of elasticity and air inlet temperature are examined. The simulation results showed surface roughness has effect on film thickness but it little effect to air film pressure. When the amplitude of surface roughness and modulus of elasticity increased, the air film thickness decreased but air film pressure increased. However, the air inlet temperature increased when the air film thickness increased.
The Length Design of the Same Largest Subsequence
Authors: Ma Fang Fang , Li Han
Published: September 2013

DNA sequence design which is also called DNA encoding is a basic problem in DNA computation. The strands involved in the experiments should not exhibit any undesired behavior, especially they should not form false positive. So they could ensure the efficiency and veracity of the experiments. The properties of subsequences can reflect those of the whole DNA sequences. The definitions of the same subsequence and the same largest subsequence are proposed in this paper. And the relationship between them can be got. By analyzing properties of the same largest subsequence, the length can be achieved.
Bi-Directional Evolutionary Structural Optimization Method with Draw Direction Constraints
Authors: Chung Tien Tung , Wang Jia Pei , Chen Yan Zuo , Liu Ta Chuan
Published: September 2013

This paper proposes a new bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) method with draw direction constraints. Draw direction constraints, defined by required manufacturing process, are achieved by modifying element removal/addition criteria such that elements are removed from the top surface of the draw direction to the inner design domain. The optimized design with draw direction constraints is free from hollow or closed cavity geometries which are infeasible for manufacturing. A stiffness design of a motor front cover is carried out to show the ability of the proposed method in practical mechanical design problems.
Analysis on Model Nonlinearity for Control System of Heat Supply Unit
Authors: Liu Xin Ping , Tian Liang , Wang Qi , Li Hui
Published: September 2013

With the rapid development of renewable energy power, the task of peak load regulation and frequency control for the power grid is very severe. Using the heat storage of the heat supply unit to take part in peak load regulation and frequency control is imperative. On the basis of the simplified nonlinear dynamic model of the typical heat supply unit, the model was linearized under different operation point conditions. The control performances of three typical coordinated control system modes were compared under the typical operation point conditions. The experiment results show that if the parameters of the controller are set well on any operation point, the control system of heat supply unit can adapt the normal variation of the load around the operation point, which can provide support for utilization of the heat storage of the heat supply unit.
Model of an Rotating Valve Based Electro-Hydraulic Servomechanism and its Dead-Zone Compensation Control
Authors: Wang Yin Song , Li Hui , Tian Liang
Published: September 2013

This paper present the structure of the rotating valve based electro-hydraulic servomechanism and analyze its model. The electro-hydraulic servomechanism consists of the controller, the step motor, the rotating valve and cylinder, and the displacement sensor. In the servomechanisms model, it contains a time-varying dead-zone. To eliminate the dead-zone effect, we construct a dead-zone inverse model compensates the controller output. The parameters of the dead-zone inverse model are tuned on-line according to the dynamic performance of the feedback system by a group of rule functions. The controller employs the SIMENS PLC S7-200 and using STL program realizes control algorithm and the dead-zone inverse model. This simulative and practical experimenting results show that the compensation method is feasible.
Study on an Improved Generalized Predictive Control Algorithm in 660MW Generating Unit
Authors: He Tong Xiang , Du Yao
Published: September 2013

In this paper, the generalized predictive control algorithm with measurable external disturbances (FF-GPC) is deduced. On this basis, in view of the shortcoming of GPC algorithm that the overshooting is large in some degree with large lag and delay process, an improved generalized predictive control algorithm (FF-IGPC) is proposed. Based on the concept of multi-step "quasi-optimal prediction", the new algorithm puts forward an improvement for the reference trajectory. Taking 660MW coal-fired generating unit as controlled object, the FF-GPC and FF-IGPC algorithm are simulated. The results verified the feasibility of the FF-GPC algorithm, and the good control performances of the FF-IGPC algorithm.
Study on Testing System for Real-Time of Communication of the Digital Substation's Secondary Equipments
Authors: Wang Zhan Sheng , Zhao Xin , Gao Jian Jun , Yang Pan , Xu Wei , Pan Hong Xin
Published: September 2013

Digital substations primary equipments make use of many intelligent primary equipment, for example, Electronic Transformers (including Electronic Voltage Transformers EVT and Electronic Current Transformers ECT,which meet the standards IEC 60044-7/8),intelligent switch and so on,digital substations secondary equipments include many IED(Intelligent Electronic Device). This thesis studys on the function,design,hardware and testing method of the testing system for real-time of communication of the digital substations secondary equipments.
Using Red Mud Manufacturing Building Glass-Ceramics
Authors: Hu Chang Sheng , Wang Xi
Published: September 2013

In this paper, red mud of aluminum industrial residue has been studied to make the glass-ceramic, quartz sand, magnesite, fluorite and red mud was mixed to melt, molten glass was poured into the model in shape, then annealing, glass-ceramic was make, the color of glass-ceramic is brown or black, the crystals in glass-ceramic body is iron oxide by XRD, Strength, the expansion coefficient and morphology of the sample were measured. Glass surface color depends on the melting temperature.
Applicable Fine Stream Sediments from Upper Chi River Produced Fired Clay Bricks
Authors: Promkotra Sarunya
Published: September 2013

Stream sediments from the upper Chi River basin, including Chi and Nam Phong sub-watershed, are applicable to be a source of raw materials to produce fired clay bricks. The sampling locations of clay materials are generally found along the river terrace where are covering three different regions (upper-, mid-and lower sub-watershed) nearby brickyards. Quartz is the main mineral of all samples. Moreover, mainly clay mineral groups consist of mica, kaolinite, and chlorite group composing totally around 5%. Other mineral compositions, such as carbonate, evaporite, corundum, hematite and pyrolusite are normally found both in fine stream sediments and fired clay bricks. Additional minerals in fired bricks are forsterite, zircon and mullite group which are less than 0.2%. Their strength in submersion test expressed in the air-dried to pure water both 1 day and 5 days is revealed that their strength and strain intend to increase with the submersed brick. Besides, prism compressive strength decreases in half related to a fired brick unit. Their impact resistances are significantly distinctive by mineral composition of clay mineral group and silica. The compressive strength of air-dried fired brick at the ultimate stress and strain corresponding by time in water absorption test show that water filled in void or pore can enhance their strength and strain. Thus, fired clay bricks are capable to resist compressive force than the normal condition.
Research on Concrete Strength Theory Based on Strain Space
Authors: Liu Guo Jun , Wei Zhao Lan
Published: September 2013

Concrete strength theory under complex stress is mostly expressed by stress. However, the destruction of concrete depends mainly on strain; failure criterion based on strain space can essentially describe the failure mechanism of concrete. It is also the basis for concrete constitutive strain space. This paper studies the strength failure criterion based on strain space and proposes directions for future research, which has guiding significance for theoretical research.
Study Strength of Recycled Concrete Mix Design
Authors: Zhang Xin Hua , Tian Sai , Dai Huai Ru , Lin Wei , Yao Zhi Chun , Wang Yun Bo , Kong Qiao Yu , Zhu Jia Wen
Published: September 2013

This paper discusses waste production of recycled aggregate concrete is used as the recycled concrete, experiment with different recycled aggregate instead of natural aggregate, the ratio of recycled concrete workability and compressive strength etc performance compared with ordinary concrete, analyzing the change of the recycled aggregate replacement rate on the influence of concrete strength.
Effect of Age on Strength of Unfired Soil Lime Bricks Containing Non Uniform Coconut Fibers
Authors: Purnomo Heru , Basmara Putra R.G. Raka , Syaifulloh R. Mochammad , Sulistyawan Iwan
Published: September 2013

In some provinces in Indonesia, like West Java, fired clay and unfired soil lime bricks co-exist as non standard bricks. Low rise buildings and rural houses in Indonesia are often constructed with non-standard bricks. The paper discusses strength-time relation of unfired bricks reinforced with and without natural fibers. Untreated and treated coconut fibers with three different lengths (1 cm, 2.5 cm and 4 cm) were prepared for bricks reinforcements. The effects of 4% non-uniform fiber addition, which constitutes 1/3 part each of 1 cm, 2.5 cm and 4 cm average fiber length, was investigated. Absorption of the bricks was evaluated. For all type of bricks, up to 90 days compressive strengths are almost stable but bending strengths rapidly decrease with time. The results show that unfired bricks added with treated fiber resulted in better performances compared to those added with untreated fibers and without fibers.
Experimental Research on the Flexural Failure Properties of Green High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites (GHPFRCC)
Authors: Li Xiu Ling , Luo Min , Wang Juan
Published: September 2013

Green high performance fiber reinforced cementitious composites (GHPFRCC) is a new class of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) with high volume fly ash based on the orthogonal experimental method. Focus is placed on the flexural failure properties of GHPFRCC, considering the influences factors like fly ash content, water-binder ratio, sand-binder ratio, PVA (Polyvinyl Alcohol) fiber and water reducing agent, et al. The experimental results indicate that the failure process of GHPFRCC beam can be divided into three stages including elastic stage, yield stage and failure stage. The multiple fine cracks appeared in the specimen can effectively dissipate energy.
Establishing and Checking the Temperature and Humidity Coupled Model about Asphalt Pavement Structure
Authors: Wang Bo
Published: September 2013

Temperature and humidity of the pavement affected the performance of the pavement structure as the key factor. In this paper, we used the classic migration theory of temperature and humidity, and considered the actual characteristics of the asphalt pavement structure，established a temperature and humidity coupled equations for the asphalt pavement and got the calculation model by discretization，determined the boundary conditions and calculation parameters。Compared the calculation results with the actual results, we found that the model has high accuracy，it was able to meet the requirement of the predictive analysis about internal temperature and humidity of asphalt pavement in the work of researching and designing.
Current Automatic Control Technology for n-Type Macroporous Silicon Photo-Electrochemical Etching
Authors: Li Xiao Na , Wang Guo Zheng , Yu Feng Yuan , Zhang Yao , Liang Yong Zhao , Chai Jin , Yang Ji Kai , Duanmu Qing Duo
Published: September 2013

The relationship between the etching current density and the macropore diameter was studied in the macroporous silicon (MPS) photo-electrochemical (PEC) etching. By measuring the depth of the channel with different etching time, the variation of critical current density with time was calculated. The importance to real-time adjust the etching current was discussed in the etching process. Based on the PSoC chip, an automatic control system for etching current was designed. The MPS growth was realized with the pore diameter constant using the automatic control system for etching current with a pre-set curve of etching current versus time.
A Review of Durability Research of Concrete Bridge
Authors: Bian Jing Mei , Bai Quan , Kang Yu Mei , Zhang Jun
Published: September 2013

Concrete bridges are most widely used all over the world, it has important practical significance to research the durability. In this paper, research progress home and abroad of durability and maintenance decision for concrete bridge is summarized. The main problems in research are pointed out and future research tendency is discussed. The content of this paper has good reference value for correlation study.
Fundamental Study of the Potential Application of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete to Enhance the Impact Resistance of Nuclear Power Plant Structures
Authors: Cho Hyun Woo , Moon Jae Heum , Lee Jang Hwa
Published: September 2013

Concrete has been used as one of the major building materials for nuclear power plant (NPP) structures. While NPP structures of conventional concrete mixtures are considered to provide sufficient shielding capacities in terms of both structural containment and radiation barrier, further demands have been added to ensure and enhance the structural safety with considerations of aircraft impacts and/or earthquakes. To improve the impact resistance of the concrete itself, this paper presents the potential application of steel fibers as additives with no variation of the concrete mixture proportions that are currently used for NPP structures in Korea. Different types of steel fibers with variations of addition volumes were applied to the concrete mixtures and various kinds of mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, and fracture energy were evaluated. From the experimental results, a practical addition proportion and a type of steel fiber were chosen for the potential application to NPP structures. .
Analysis of Shape Control Factors for the Overall Optimization Design of High-Rise Frame Shear Wall Structure
Authors: Mei Ting Yu , Wu Lang
Published: September 2013

From the basic theory of structural optimization design and shape control factors, the characteristics and control requirements for control factors of high-rise frame shear wall structure optimization have been introduced in this paper. The research and analysis showed that: the structure system and building height, length-width ratio of building plane, and the vertical height-width ratio play an important role on structural optimization.
Geometry Optimization and Engineering Applications of Transmission Tower Foundation in the Slope
Authors: Peng Bin , Wang Xing Yun , Wang Yu , Huang He
Published: September 2013

Combining with practical engineering, geometry optimization and engineering applications of transmission tower foundation in the slope is researched by using the finite-difference software FLAC3D. The variation of the pullout, vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity with the diameter and length of the pile is analyzed. And optimization program of actual project is given. Research shows that when the pile length is constant, the variation of the pullout and vertical ultimate bearing capacity is increasing with the diameter increasing significantly and the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity is not significant. When the diameter is constant, the pullout, vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity is increasing with the length increasing significantly. By analyzing nonlinear regression analysis of calculation data, the formula of the ultimate bearing capacity is carried out, which can consider the different pile diameters and lengths. When the gradient and distance of slopes is constant, the pullout, vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity can be carried out with the formula, which can provide a reference to specification revision and engineering.
Effects of Stacking Sequence on the Dynamic Characteristics of Hybrid Sandwich Composites Plates
Authors: Ma Xiao Fei , Huo Fu Lei , Zhang Guo Li
Published: September 2013

In this paper, the vibration performance of hybrid sandwich composites plates with different stacking was investigated by modal test. The results showed that the reduction in layer numbers of the unidirectional carbon fiber epoxy prepreg in 0odirection will result the decrease in the natural frequency values for bending modal, the increment of layer numbers of 2D woven epoxy prepreg with plain weave will result the enhancement the of torsional modal. The reinforcements of unidirectional carbon fiber epoxy prepreg in ±45odirection has a preferential effect on the torsional modal natural frequency of the plate than that of 2D woven epoxy carbon prepreg with plain weave in 0odirection.
The Practical Probability Analysis Methods for Stability of Landslide
Authors: Song Qiang Hui , Li X. L. , Li Y. Y. , Wu Y.
Published: September 2013

As an important part of landslide risk assessment, hazard analysis which is based on the probability analysis of landslide stability have caught more and more attentions from researchers and engineers. While in landslide engineering, the uncertainties such as the variability and uncertainty inherent in the geotechnical properties are complex and different, so a single Factor of Safety calculated by traditional deterministic analyses methods can not represent the landslide stability exactly. To provide a more rational mathematical framework to incorporate different types of uncertainties in the landslide stability estimation, some practical probability analysis methods for stability of landslide were proposed, then the user-friendly implementing softwares were recommended. Finally, an application case was described to illustrate the approaches adopted and proved the correctness and feasibility of the proposed methods. The results show the proposed techniques can be applied widely.
Seepage Numerical Simulation Methods of Hard Fractured Rock Mass
Authors: Lei Gang
Published: September 2013

According to the seepage action of hard rock fissure water, a numerical simulation method is proposed in this paper. The basic mechanical properties for rock mass changed significantly during the process of secondary stress adjustments, and the rock deterioration constitutive model (RDM) can accurately reflect both the abruptness of the rock yield failure and the changes of mechanical parameters after yield. On the basis of RDM, the permeability coefficient with equivalent plastic strain function was introduced in this method which can update the permeability coefficient, and carried out numerical simulation on hard rock fissure water seepage action by FLAC3D. The results of the seepage triaxial compression experiment proved the rationality of the method.
Study on the Effects of Microwave Pretreatment on the Fire Retardant Permeability of Fast-Growing Wood
Authors: Zhang Jian , Yuan Shao Fei , Wang Kui Hong , Li Qin
Published: September 2013

The paper preheated poplar and Chinese fir with microwave before dipping into fire retardant solution with the purpose of improving their permeability. The test results showed that microwave increased the routs for liquid which proved to be a feasible way to facilitate fire retardant solution to enter into wood. Fire retardant loading dosage (FRLD) and implantation depth (ID) increased for both poplar and Chinese fir. Fire retardant properties such as oxygen index (OI), mass loss rate (MLR) and flame combustion time (FCT) increased and can meet the fire retardant wood requirements defined by standard of GA/T 42.1-92.
Synthesis and Characterization of Monodisperse Nanocrystalline HZSM-5 Zeolite
Authors: Wei Jun Fang , Zhu Fang , Zhang Xiao Yan
Published: September 2013

A monodisperse nanocrystalline HZSM-5 zeolite was prepared by varying-temperature synthesis method with aluminum nitrate (Al (NO3)3), tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), and tetrapropyl ammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) as raw materials. X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization results showed that the crystallinity of HZSM-5 prepared by varying-temperature synthesis method was higher than constant-temperature synthesis . The influence of crystallization temperature and time on morphology and particle size of HZSM-5 is represented by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) characterization: nanocrystalline HZSM-5 with more regular morphology and smaller particle size can be prepared by varying-temperature synthesis method. The minimum average particle size is 0.3μm. The particle size will grow up to 3.0μm with the crystallization time prolonged.
Numerical Simulation Analysis on Interaction among Underground Structure, Shear Connectors and Retaining Piles
Authors: Yu Xiao , Luo Ming Xing
Published: September 2013

The method of retaining piles working as an anti-floating piles has advantages of lesser environmental impact, high utilization of resources and good in economic benefits, but the method effecting on underground structure was worthy of further study and exploitation. According to the practical underground projects, this paper has proposed three possible connections between underground structure, shear connectors and retaining piles. The analysis showed that the internal force and displacement of underground structural is affected distinctly by the method. In addition, characters and applicable ranges of the three different connections is introduced with the finite element analysis and calculation of stress and displacement of the main parts like base plate ,top plate ,and so on.
Qualitative and Quantitative Integrity Evaluation of HPHT Gas well Containing Sour Gas
Authors: Wang Yun , Li Wen Kui , Li Jun
Published: September 2013

The well integrity issues are more and more prominent. There is an ever increasing need for methods that evaluate and confirm the status of wells with suspect integrity. Two well integrity evaluation methods are presented. The qualitative method is based on the international published standards. And the qualitative results are obtained. For the quantitative one, the well is divided into 3 parts (well head, completion string, and well bore), and then 7 elements. The evaluation criterion of each element is set. The weight coefficient which each element affects the well integrity is obtained using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Then the quantitative well integrity evaluation mode is established. The well integrity risk rank can be obtained based on the well parameters. Most of the parameters can be easily got from the oilfield database. The qualitative and quantitative methods could be combined each other. The methods are tested in Tarim oil field, and the results are satisfying.
Exploring the Relationship between Industrial Economic Growth and Environmental Pollution - An Empirical Analysis Based on Cointegration and Granger Causality Test
Authors: Wang Chao , Liu Jiang , Huang Li , Li Wei
Published: September 2013

This paper aims at investigating the cointegration relationship between industrial economic growth and environmental pollutions from the timing dimension by using three types of environmental pollution indicators of industrial emissions and going further to test whether this relationship is bidirectional Granger causality. Firstly, the cointegration analysis’ result shows that the relationship between industrial economic growth and environmental quality may not meet the hypothesis of EKC curve. In the timing period analyzed, the relationship is linear and positive. Hence, promoting the relationship to be negative when only relying on self-regulation of the market will probably not be achieved. Secondly, based on cointegration test, this paper goes further to conduct Granger causality test of cointegration relationship. The result shows industrial economic growth causes pollution emission but it is not true vice versa. The reasons possibly include that that the technological progress in recent years may not embody on the reduction of pollution emission intensity, the absence of resources product market, the lack of tradable emission permits market and no effective incentives of green production behaviors of enterprises to react up on encouraging enterprises’ development. These generate external pressure to the transformation of industrial economic growth pattern.
A Novel Integrated Rainfall-Runoff Model Based on TOPMODEL and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Liu Shuang , Xu Jing Wen , Zhao Jun Fang , Li Yong
Published: September 2013

Conventional process-based rainfall-runoff models are difficult to catch the non-linear factors and to take full advantages of previous information of rainfall and runoff. However, these factors are closely related to the initial watershed average saturation deficit at each time step. Therefore, in order to address the issue, this study selected the parameter about initial underground flow in TOPMODEL (TOPOgraphic driven Model) as the breakthrough point. Then we used the previous two-day observed runoff and rainfall data as the inputs of an artificial neural network (ANN) and initial subsurface flow of present day as an output, then integrated ANN into runoff generation module in TOPMODEL and finally applied the integrated model for daily runoff modeling in Yingluoxia watershed with 10009km2, China. In addition, this work also utilized particle swarm optimization technique (PSO) to avoid the local optimization, especially for the integration of black-box and physical models. The result shows that during the validation period the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NE) and root mean square error (RMSE) of TOPMODEL are 0.45 and 3.88×10-4m respectively while the NE of 0.70 and RMSE of 2.85×10-4m for the integrated model. Significantly, the integrated model performs much better than the traditional model. Hence, this new method of integrating ANN with the runoff generation module of TOPMODEL is promising and easily extended to other process-based rainfall-runoff models as well.
Comparative Study on the Drying Process and Fractal Dimension of Sewage Sledge: Microwave and Air-Blast
Authors: Zhai Tian Yang , Fang Lin
Published: September 2013

A fractal model simulate the internal structure of the sludge, and on the model deduce that fractal dimension is D and the corresponding pore is r, the porosity is P. Determine the rate in the air-blast and microwave drying and calculate its different fractal dimension under different ages. The results showed that: the fractal dimension and its rate of water loss has a good correlation. Fractal dimension can describe a certain amount of sludge pore channels and internal cell rupture can cause that which would accelerate the evaporation of bound water. Microwave and the excessive energy of air-blast can be caused by temperature changes in the structure of the sludge that could change the structure of sludge.
Stress Simulation Analysis of Bundling Wire Based on ANSYS
Authors: Dai Ming , Diao Li Feng , Zhang Xia , Chen Liang Bin
Published: September 2013

Establish the mechanical model of wire knot which was formed by the automatic bundling machine, and the model is simulated by ANSYS. The method can simulate testing and evaluation the strapping characteristics, thus can provide the support to design and use bundling machine properly as well as improve the strapping quality of automatic bundling machine.
Analysis of the Dynamic Characteristics of the Feeding Stage with Different Guideway Systems
Authors: Hung Jui Pin , Kuo Gen Nan , Luo Tzuo Lung
Published: September 2013

This study was aimed to investigate the dynamic characteristics of a multi-axis feeding stage of a milling machine. In order to clarify the influence of the guide system on the structure performance, we have proposed finite element approach to modeling the X-Y working tables with sliding and rolling guide, respectively. The results show that the machine models with sliding and rolling guides show similar vibration behavior. But the sliding guides give more constraints to the motion of working table, showing higher vibration frequency when compared to the rolling guides. This obviously indicates that the guide system significantly influences the resonant frequency and the response amplitudes of a feeding stage.
Parametric Design and Modal Analysis on Four-Order Elliptical Gear
Authors: Huang Zhi Dong , Hui An Min , Yang Guang , Li Rui Yang
Published: September 2013

The characteristics of four-order elliptical gear is analyzed. The parameters of four-order elliptical gear are chosen and calculated. The three-dimensional solid modeling of four-order elliptical gear is achieved. The dynamic model of four-order elliptical gear is established by finite element method and modal analysis of four-order elliptical gear is investigated. The natural frequencies and major modes of the first six orders are clarified. The method and the result facilitate the dynamic design and dynamic response analysis of high-order elliptical gear.
Research Modal Analysis Method of MW Wind Turbines
Authors: Luo Yong Shui , Zhou Min Qiang , Liu Wei Jiang , Chen Qi , Wang Shou Bin
Published: September 2013

In order to explore the modal characteristics of the wind turbine, this paper researches how these natural frequencies of the major structural components within the operation speed range to avoid coupled resonance phenomenon. Aiming at 1500kW variable speed variable pitch double-fed wind turbines which are the mature products in market, the whole wind turbine dynamic modal equations are established by Lagrange method, and then process on-site testing is carried out to obtain measured modal characteristic parameters. The results of both theoretical and measured dates show that deviation between theoretical data and measured data, how the subsystem boundary conditions simplified methods to influence the rotor system natural frequencies, how the subsystem boundary conditions simplified methods to change the cross point of the rotor system natural frequencies with rotor speed 3P, and solution for wind turbine pass the cross point. The results will provide a certain extent guidance for the wind turbine development, design and optimization.
Monitoring and Analysis of Historic Building Vibration Influenced by Blasting in Complex Urban Environment
Authors: Ma Jun , Luan Long Fa , Li Xin Han , Wang Jian Guo , Li Qi Hang
Published: September 2013

This article is based on TengChong County municipal sewage treatment plant supporting pipe network project, monitored and analyze the vibration influence on the historic building taiji bridage by the Pipe-jacking blasting construction. Via regression analysis of velocity in vertical direction of measuring points on the basis of monitoring data, obtained the attenuation laws toward taij bridage direction. The vibration signals were decomposed into IMF components by using HilbertHuang transform (HHT),analyzed the several IMF components could be acquired the timefrequency characteristics of the vibration signals. These will provide references to the similar projects.
Dynamic Properties of Machine Bolted Joints Summary
Authors: An Wei Wei , Gong Zhuo Rong , Zhao Tong
Published: September 2013

There are a lot of connection forms between the machine parts, of which the most typical are bolted joints. There are many factors influencing the dynamic properties of bolted joints and their mechanism is very complicated. Their properties have great significance to machine accuracy prediction. Domestic and overseas scholars have conducted many extensive researches on bolted joints, which main influence factors and internal mechanism are clarified. There is a more in-depth research on the analytical solution and the parameter identification of dynamic properties of bolted joints, and has achieved certain results, but the researches on mechanical properties are not mature. This article bases on microscopic analysis, macroscopic modeling, macroscopic test, nonlinear problems to classify research results, analyze the deficiencies, and point out the future research trend.
Further Study on the Net Shear Strain Energy Density Theory
Authors: Xue Shou Yi
Published: September 2013

The net shear strain energy density strength theory was systematically explained. Firstly, the composition of elastic strain energy and the roles of their own were analyzed, and it is pointed out that the distortion strain energy is the energy driving failure and the volumetric strain energy can help improve the material strength. Therefore, ultimate energy driving material damage should be the shear strain energy after deducting the friction effect, namely the net shear strain energy, which indicates rationality of the assumption adopted by the net shear strain energy strength theory. Secondly, the empirical laws of geomaterial strength were summarized and explained by using the net shear strain energy theory, which verifies the new theory is appropriate.
Research on Dynamic Compression-Shear Behavior of Closed-Cell Aluminum Foam
Authors: Lu Jiang Ren , Zhang Jian , Sun Xin Li , Cai Xing Hui
Published: September 2013

In this paper, the dynamic compression-shear experiments on the closed-cell aluminum foam with porosity of 72%-92% are carried out by using improved split Hopkinson pressure bar. A high speed camera is used to observe the dynamic deformation behavior of the samples on the compression-shear loading. A finite element software ABAQUS is employed to simulate the dynamic compression-shear process of closed-cell aluminum foam. The results demonstrate that there is a compression-shear band on the samples during the compression-shear loading. The most severely damaged area of the material is on the compression-shear band; Low-porosity closed-cell aluminum foam has significant strain rate effect, however high-porosity closed-cell aluminum foam can ignore the strain rate effect. The yield stress of samples decreases with increasing samples angle, whereas shear stress increase with increasing samples angle, and also the corresponding time when the samples just begin to yield decreases with increasing samples angle.
Nonlinear Response and Fatigue Life of Thin Plates Subjected to Non-Uniform Temperature Distributions and Acoustic Excitations
Authors: Sha Yun Dong , Zhu Lin , Zhang Guo Zhi , Luan Xiao Chi
Published: September 2013

A finite element formulation is presented for the prediction of nonlinear response of thin plates under a steady-state non-uniform temperature change over the thin plate and band limited Gaussian white noise. Thermal buckling temperatures and thermal deflections are obtained to explain the stability of panels, and modal frequencies of thermally buckled plate are obtained to explain the stiffness characteristics of panels. The stress responses of panels under thermo-acoustic loadings exhibit complex nonlinear characteristics. Miner linear accumulation damage theory and improved Rainflow counting cycle method are used for estimation of fatigue life of panels under combined thermo-acoustic loadings. Results show that the fatigue life decreases till the end of snap-through and then gives a rise trend. Afterward, the fatigue life reaches a steady state at low peak temperature area. As the peak temperature goes up sequentially, the fatigue life rises suddenly, and then reaches a steady state at high peak temperature area.
Analysis and Simulation of the Fluid Field in Thermal Water-Jet Nozzle Based on ANSYS FLUENT & ICEM CFD
Authors: Zhou Jian Zhao , Xu Xiao Pan , Chu Wei Jun , Zhu Zi Cheng , Chen Yun He , Lai Si Wei
Published: September 2013

Thermal water jet is an important part of the synthetically de-icing equipment designed to cut the frozen ice and snow on the public facilities. The inner structures of the jet nozzle, such as the conical and straight conical nozzles, have a crucial influence on the final efficiency of the cutting. In order to figure out the effect of these two kinds of nozzle structures to the jet fluid, and provide some strong references for the structure optimization, this paper synthetically uses ICEM CFD and ANSYS FLUENT software to analyze the fluid of the conical and straight conical jet nozzles. The results show that: as the initial conditions are determined, the conical nozzle has a higher speed and longer isokinetic core zone of the flux than that of the straight conical nozzle, and the speed changes more dramatically. However, the straight conical nozzle has a more stable speed, and lower operating vibrations. Through repeated indoor experiments, the simulation results are demonstrated.
Static Force Measurement Technology Wind Tunnel Test
Authors: Jin Dun , Yang Yue Ming , Wu Jie , Song Li Min , Li Song
Published: September 2013

Static force measurement aerodynamic wind tunnel test data provided by the aircraft normally used to predict the stall characteristics, predicted aircraft deviated,spin Sensitivities, numerical simulation of aircraft stall, spin dynamics and so on. Based on practical flight, the paper analyzed the harm of limit state flight-spin to the flight safe, emphasized the static force test techniques at high angles of attack, and obtained a series of aerodynamic test date, managed them to spin prediction analysis.