bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emerging Role of Histone Acetyltransferase in Stem Cells and Cancer
Authors: Trisciuoglio Daniela , Di Martile Marta , Del Bufalo Donatella
Published: December 2018

Protein acetylation is one of the most important posttranslational modifications catalyzed by acetyltransferases and deacetylases, through the addition and removal of acetyl groups to lysine residues. Lysine acetylation can affect protein-nucleic acid or protein-protein interactions and protein localization, transport, stability, and activity. It regulates the function of a large variety of proteins, including histones, oncoproteins, tumor suppressors, and transcription factors, thus representing a crucial regulator of several biological processes with particular prominent roles in transcription and metabolism. Thus, it is unsurprising that alteration of protein acetylation is involved in human disease, including metabolic disorders and cancers. In this context, different hematological and solid tumors are characterized by deregulation of the protein acetylation pattern as a result of genetic or epigenetic changes. The imbalance between acetylation and deacetylation of histone or nonhistone proteins is also involved in the modulation of the self-renewal and differentiation ability of stem cells, including cancer stem cells. Here, we summarize a combination ofin vitroandin vivostudies, undertaken on a set of acetyltransferases, and discuss the physiological and pathological roles of this class of enzymes. We also review the available data on the involvement of acetyltransferases in the regulation of stem cell renewal and differentiation in both normal and cancer cell population.
Lepidium meyenii Walp Exhibits Anti-Inflammatory Activity against ConA-Induced Acute Hepatitis
Authors: Zheng Wei , Du Shouwen , Tian Mingyao , Xu Wang , Tian Yufei , Li Tiyuan , Fu Yanling , Wu Shipin , Li Chang , Jin Ningyi
Published: December 2018

Strong inflammation is a prominent pathogenesis of acute hepatitis, which can induce hepatocyte death and lead to liver failure. Lepidium meyenii Walp (Maca) is a traditional herbal medicine mostly used in improving sperm motility and serum hormone levels, etc. However, there are no reports that showed Maca was designed for treating hepatitis so far. Therefore, the protective effects and pharmacological mechanisms of Maca are unknown in hepatitis. In this study, we found that the protective effects of Maca extract ameliorate ConA-induced acute hepatitis (CIH) and underlying mechanisms. We determined that pretreatment with Maca extract significantly suppressed the production of aminotransferases and inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, and IL-17a, and moderated acute liver injury in CIH. Maca recruited more myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) to the liver and suppressed infiltration of natural killer T cells (NKT cells) and macrophages in the liver. Furthermore, our data indicated the molecular mechanism of the inhibitory inflammatory effects of Maca, which should suppress the activation of NF-κB, IFN-γ/STAT1, and IL-6/STAT3 signalings. Collectively, this present research explores Maca as an effective hepatoprotective medicine to inhibit inflammation and liver injury caused by acute hepatitis.
X‐Ray Diffraction Technique for Residual Stress Measurement in NiCrMo Alloy Weld Metal
Authors: Monine Vladimir Ivanovitch , Payão Filho João da Cruz , Gonzaga Rodrigo Stohler , Passos Elisa Kimus Dias , Assis Joaquim Teixeira de
Published: December 2018

In the present work, residual stresses in nickel‐based (Ni 625) superalloy weld metal of a 9%Ni steel‐welded joint were measured by X‐ray diffraction (XRD). This technique presents some difficulties in performing measurements in coarse and preferentially oriented weld metal microstructures. It is proposed a preliminary surface treatment by rotating steel wire brushing to perform the stress analysis through XRD technique possible for this kind of material. Stress measurements with proposed XRD technique showed that the stress state in Ni 625 weld metal on the outside surface of the welded joint is characterised by tensile stresses in the transverse and longitudinal directions, while compressive transverse and tensile longitudinal residual stresses are developed in the root pass region.
Lenalidomide and Low Dose Dexamethasone Plus Elotuzumab or Carfilzomib for Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma: A Comparison of Progression-Free Survival with Reconstructed Individual Participant Data
Authors: Li Shuo , Meng Xiang-Yu , Maman Souraka Tapara Dramani , Xiao Yong-Nong , Li Sheng
Published: December 2018

Background. Refractory and relapsed multiple myeloma (RRMM) remains a clinical challenge. We compared the progression-free survival (PFS) of RRMM patients treated with lenalidomide and low dose dexamethasone plus elotuzumab or carfilzomib (ELD vs. CLD), using reconstructed individual patient data (IPD) based on two published trials reports. Methods. We extracted data of study-level characteristics from original trial reports. We evaluated the comparability between the two treatment groups in terms of baseline status. Digitization of PFS Kaplan-Meier curves, reconstruction of IPD data, and subsequent survival analysis were performed. Distribution of progression and death events over time was visualized as histograms and corresponding kernel density lines, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted. Hazard ratio (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated. Results. Significant difference in race and disease stage distribution was found (P < 0.0001). Higher proportion of white patients and patients with advanced disease in the carfilzomib group was identified. Survival analysis revealed better PFS in the carfilzomib group (elotuzumab group vs. carfilzomib group: HR = 1.36, 95% CI = [1.11-1.67]). Conclusion. The CLD regimen may result in better PFS as compared with the ELD regimen in RRMM patients.
Porous Maltodextrin-Based Nanoparticles: A Safe Delivery System for Nasal Vaccines
Authors: Carpentier Rodolphe , Platel Anne , Salah Norhane , Nesslany Fabrice , Betbeder Didier
Published: December 2018

Vaccination faces limitations, and delivery systems additionally appear to have potential as tools to trigger protective immune responses against diseases. The nanoparticles studied are cationic maltodextrin-based nanoparticles with an anionic phospholipid core (NPL); they are a promising antigen delivery system, and their efficacy as drug vectors against complex diseases such as toxoplasmosis has already been demonstrated. Cationic compounds are generally described as toxic; therefore, it is of interest to evaluate the behavior of these NPL in vitro and in vivo. Here, we studied the in vitro toxicity (cytotoxicity and ROS induction in intestinal and airway epithelial cell lines) and the in vivo tolerability and genotoxicity of these nanoparticles administered by the nasal route to a rodent model. In vitro, these NPL were not cytotoxic and did not induce any ROS production. In vivo, even at very large doses (1000 times the expected human dose), no adverse effect and no genotoxicity were observed in lungs, stomach, colon, or liver. This study shows that these NPL can be safely used.
A Rare Case of Triple-Negative Essential Thrombocythemia in a Young Postsplenectomy Patient: A Diagnostic Challenge
Authors: Akcan Tugce , Strati Paolo , Yan Melissa , Idowu Modupe
Published: December 2018

The distinction between primary and reactive thrombocytosis by bone marrow histology is very important. Reactive thrombocytosis, the most common cause of thrombocytosis, can be expected in postsplenectomy states; however, close hematological evaluation of prolonged thrombocytosis is essential to identify patients who may have an underlying myeloproliferative neoplasm. We report a 37-year-old woman who was found to have portal, mesenteric, and splenic vein thrombosis with thrombocytosis, two months after she had a splenectomy for spontaneous splenic rupture. Other reactive conditions and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) were excluded, and subsequently, the diagnosis of triple-negative essential thrombocythemia (ET) was established by bone marrow histology. This case of primary thrombocythemia following splenectomy in a young patient illustrates some of the diagnostic difficulties associated with postsplenectomy thrombocytosis. Continuing reports of anecdotal experiences in managing similar complex scenarios is essential and remains the only reference for clinicians facing these rare conditions.
Acute Kidney Injury in Pediatric Treated with Vancomycin and Piperacillin-Tazobactam in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Al Nuhait Mohammed , Abu Esba Laila C. , Al Harbi Khalid , Al Meshary Meshary , Bustami Rami T.
Published: December 2018

Background. Vancomycin and piperacillin-tazobactam (PTZ) are commonly used as empirical therapy for patients with health care associated infections. Vancomycin has been recognized as a nephrotoxic agent and in a few cases in the literature PTZ has been associated with interstitial nephritis nevertheless; the combination of these agents has routinely been used for many years. However, there have been some observational studies that showed high rates of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients receiving vancomycin and PTZ concomitant treatment compared to patients receiving vancomycin alone. The incidence of AKI in adult patients receiving vancomycin and PTZ concomitant treatment was reported in these studies to be relatively high. Similar studies in pediatric patients are lacking. Method. We conducted a single center retrospective chart review of 248 pediatric patients receiving one of the following treatments: vancomycin alone 36 patients, vancomycin/PTZ 62 patients, vancomycin/ceftazidime 99 patients, and vancomycin/ceftriaxone 51 patients. Result. Our results showed a low incidence of AKI in patients on vancomycin/PTZ concomitant treatment where overall incidence was only (4.8%) three cases and only one of them (2.0%) in a patient receiving the vancomycin/ceftriaxone concomitant treatment. No cases of AKI present in patients receiving vancomycin with ceftazidime or vancomycin alone. There were no statistically significant differences between the four treatment groups in terms of AKI incidence, vancomycin trough, and use of nephrotoxins. Conclusion. Overall, the incidence of AKI was low in our study sample with no statistically significant increased risk when PTZ was used in combination with vancomycin in a pediatric population. However, further investigation with an equal larger sample size is needed to confirm our findings.
Psychosocial Profile in Portuguese Adolescents with Chronic Disease Attending an Outpatient Department in a Hospital Setting
Authors: Santos Teresa , Matos Margarida Gaspar de , Marques Adilson , Simões Celeste , Leal Isabel , Machado Maria do Céu
Published: December 2018

Living with a chronic disease (CD) in adolescence involves new multifaceted challenges. This study aims to conduct a psychosocial characterization of a group of adolescents with chronic diseases in a hospital setting and to compare such dimensions for the total group and for different diseases. A cross-sectional study included 135 adolescents with chronic diseases (51.9% boys; 48.1% girls), having an average age of 14±1.5 years (SD=1.5) and attending a paediatric outpatient department in a hospital setting. Statistically significant differences were found among the different chronic diseases for the variables self-regulation (adolescents with diabetes had significantly higher competencies) and multiple psychosomatic symptoms (adolescents with neurologic diseases reported significantly more complaints). Boys presented both better health-related quality of life and psychosomatic health when compared to girls. No statistically significant differences were observed for health-related quality of life, psychosomatic health, resilience, and social support. These findings bring important suggestions especially while planning interventions, which must take into account the promotion of a healthy psychosocial development, through an inclusive perspective (covering different chronic diseases), that take into consideration specific and gendered approaches. Such suggestions might help healthcare professionals to better plan interventions in order to increase their effectiveness.
An Application for Skin Macules Characterization Based on a 3-Stage Image-Processing Algorithm for Patients with Diabetes
Authors: Toledo Peral Cinthya Lourdes , Ramos Becerril Francisco José , Vega Martínez Gabriel , Vera Hernández Arturo , Leija Salas Lorenzo , Gutiérrez Martínez Josefina
Published: December 2018

Diabetic skin manifestations, previous to ulcers and wounds, are not highly accounted as part of diagnosis even when they represent the first symptom of vascular damage and are present in up to 70% of patients with diabetes mellitus type II. Here, an application for skin macules characterization based on a three-stage segmentation and characterization algorithm used to classify vascular, petechiae, trophic changes, and trauma macules from digital photographs of the lower limbs is presented. First, in order to find the skin region, a logical multiplication is performed on two skin masks obtained from color space transformations; dynamic thresholds are stabilised to self-adjust to a variety of skin tones. Then, in order to locate the lesion region, illumination enhancement is performed using a chromatic model color space, followed by a principal component analysis gray-scale transformation. Finally, characteristics of each type of macule are considered and classified; morphologic properties (area, axes, perimeter, and solidity), intensity properties, and a set of shade indices (red, green, blue, and brown) are proposed as a measure to obviate skin color differences among subjects. The values calculated show differences between macules with a statistical significance, which agree with the physician’s diagnosis. Later, macule properties are fed to an artificial neural network classifier, which proved a 97.5% accuracy, to differentiate between them. Characterization is useful in order to track macule changes and development along time, provides meaningful information to provide early treatments, and offers support in the prevention of amputations due to diabetic feet. A graphical user interface was designed to show the properties of the macules; this application could be the background of a future Diagnosis Assistance Tool for educational (i.e., untrained physicians) and preventive assistance technology purposes.
Blasting Energy Analysis of the Different Cutting Methods
Authors: Man Ke , Liu Xiaoli , Wang Ju , Wang Xiyong
Published: December 2018

Based on the smooth blasting method, the blasting parameters of the Beishan exploration tunnel have been designed. According to the principle of blasting parameters design, three kinds of cutting methods have been laid out, which are straight parallel hole cutting, single‐wedge cutting, and double‐wedge cutting. The other parameters such as the borehole number, the detonator segment, and the charge amount of each hole are also designed. Then, the blasting tests under different cutting methods were carried out in the field. The results show that all the three cutting methods can achieve good utilization ratio of blasting holes. The blasting effect of straight parallel hole cutting is good. The rock slag size of single‐wedge and double‐wedge cutting is uniform, which is beneficial to slag extraction. Moreover, the blasting vibration velocity and blasting energy have been analyzed. It is found that the energy distribution of single‐wedge and double‐wedge cutting is more uniform, mainly concentrated in the high‐frequency part, while the energy of straight parallel hole cutting is more concentrated in the low‐frequency part. Among many factors affecting blasting vibration velocity, besides the explosive quantity, it would also be easily influenced by the cutting way. It should be noticed that the blasting method includes numerous blasting parameters, which interact with each other. Those blasting parameters obtained were just limited to the cutting method, and the result and the theoretical knowledge could be applied to the blasting and excavation of the deep geoengineering and the HLW geo‐disposal.
A Case Series of Bowen’s Disease Treated with the Combination of Cryosurgery and Ingenol Mebutate and Followed Up with Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Gaitanis Georgios , Tsironi Theodora , Spyridonos Panagiota , Bassukas Ioannis D.
Published: December 2018

Bowen’s disease (BD) is a relatively rare in situ squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with a limited potential of becoming invasive. Ingenol mebutate (IM) was relatively successful for the treatment of BD lesions in small case series. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a promising method for the diagnosis of cutaneous keratinocytic carcinomas, including BD. Herein we report the treatment of BD with the combination of cryosurgery and IM and the application of OCT imagining in treatment monitoring. Patients treated within a period of 12 months are retrospectively compiled. Treatment consisted of a mild cryosurgery session (liquid N2, open spray, and 2 freeze-thaw cycles of 15 sec each) of a field including the BD lesion and a 0.5cm rim and IM application for 4 consecutive days starting at the cryosurgery day. Four patients (3 females; average age: 76.5 years) with 4 lesions (20-70mm maximal diameter; average 36.2mm) were included. Healing was excellent and no relapse was observed at 12 months’ follow-up. Baseline OCT revealed a disarranged, thickened epidermis, while a normally layered epidermis overlying a hyperreflective dermis was present after treatment. Conclusively, the combination of cryosurgery followed by IM is a feasible, effective treatment for BD that should be evaluated in further studies.
Effect of Synthesis Conditions on Crystal Morphology and Layer Thickness of Nanostructured Sodium Niobate Supported on Metallic Substrate
Authors: Canabarro Beatriz Rodrigues , Jardim Paula Mendes
Published: December 2018

Sodium niobate presents numerous interesting properties for technological application and can be produced in nanometric structures if synthesized by alkali hydrothermal route. Although the influence of synthesis conditions on the product morphology and crystal structure has been well explored for niobates synthesized from the powder of niobium oxide, the synthesis on metallic niobium platelets is not completely understood. Therefore, the present study seeks to correlate the synthesis’ variables, of alkali hydrothermal route, to morphology and thickness of sodium niobate nanowire layer supported on niobium platelets. An experimental design was planned to evaluate whether temperature, alkali solution concentration, and reactional duration influence on the produced materials. The morphology of 1D niobates produced was investigated by scanning, while crystal structure was analyzed by X‐ray diffraction. The cross sections of 1D sodium niobate layers were cut with a focused ion beam, and their thickness was quantified by scanning electron microscopy images. It was concluded that all chosen variables influenced the thickness of the sodium niobate layer, and a model describing the layer thickness with the chosen variables was proposed. A morphology change from nanowires at the mildest synthesis conditions to nanoribbons at the most severe ones was observed (see Supplementary Material for graphical abstract).
Processing and Properties of MDF Fibre-Reinforced Biopolyesters with Chain Extender Additives
Authors: Thumm Armin , Even Damien , Gini Pierre-Yves , Sorieul Mathias
Published: December 2018

Biopolyesters are a way to improve natural fibre composite sustainability. This study explores, for the first time, the potential of using medium density fibreboard (MDF) fibres to reinforce four biobased and biodegradable polyester matrices to create a fully “green composite.” Added at 30 wt %, MDF fibres did not improve the strength of the injection moulded NFCs and this deficiency was investigated by measuring fibre length, viscosity, and molecular weight of the matrices. Compared to other lignocellulosic fibres, the use of MDF fibres led to a molecular weight reduction of biopolyesters during processing. This effect was particularly striking for PLA. The addition of a chain extender enhanced the molecular weight of PLA and improved its processability. The tensile strength increase was correlated to a reduction of fibre pull-out, enabling the MDF fibre to fulfil its expected reinforcement role within the biopolyester composite.
On-the-Go Grapevine Yield Estimation Using Image Analysis and Boolean Model
Authors: Millan Borja , Velasco-Forero Santiago , Aquino Arturo , Tardaguila Javier
Published: December 2018

This paper describes a new methodology for noninvasive, objective, and automated assessment of yield in vineyards using image analysis and Boolean model. Image analysis, as an inexpensive and noninvasive procedure, has been studied for this purpose, but the effect of occlusions from the cluster or other organs of the vine has an impact that diminishes the quality of the results. To reduce the influence of the occlusions in the estimation, the number of berries was assessed using the Boolean model. To evaluate the methodology, three different datasets were studied: cluster images, manually acquired vine images, and vine images captured on-the-go using a quad. The proposed algorithm estimated the number of berries in cluster images with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 20 and a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.80. Vine images manually taken were evaluated, providing 310 grams of mean error andR2=0.81. Finally, images captured using a quad equipped with artificial light and automatic camera triggering were also analysed. The estimation obtained applying the Boolean model had 610 grams of mean error per segment (three vines) andR2=0.78. The reliability against occlusions and segmentation errors of the Boolean model makes it ideal for vineyard yield estimation. Its application greatly improved the results when compared to a simpler estimator based on the relationship between cluster area and weight.
Serum Procalcitonin and Presepsin Levels in Patients with Generalized Pustular Psoriasis
Authors: Nagai Makoto , Imai Yasutomo , Wada Yoshihiro , Kusakabe Minori , Yamanishi Kiyofumi
Published: December 2018

Patients with generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) often present with symptoms that must be differentiated from sepsis. Procalcitonin (PCT) and presepsin (P-SEP) are widely used as biomarkers for sepsis; therefore, we examined the serum PCT and P-SEP levels in patients with psoriatic diseases. The enrolled patients included 27 with psoriasis vulgaris (PV) (22 males, 5 females; mean age 47.7 years), 12 with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) (8 males, 4 females; mean age 51.3 years), and 15 with GPP (10 males, 5 females; mean age 63.7 years). The mean serum PCT levels in patients with PV, PsA, and GPP were 0.01 ng/mL (25th–75th percentile; 0.00–0.03), 0.013 ng/mL (0.00–0.03), and 0.12 ng/mL (0.05–0.18), respectively; the levels of PCT were higher for patients with GPP than with PV or PsA but were lower than the PCT cutoff value (0.5 ng/mL) for the diagnosis of infection. The mean serum P-SEP levels in patients with PV, PsA, and GPP were 144.9 pg/mL (25th–75th percentile; 78–181), 168.1 pg/mL (124–203), and 479.9 pg/mL (216–581), respectively. Unexpectedly, the levels of P-SEP in the patients with GPP were as high as the P-SEP cutoff value (317 to 647 pg/mL) used for the diagnosis of infection. We also found that neutrophils produced P-SEP, suggesting that the high serum P-SEP levels in patients with GPP might arise at least in part due to the P-SEP derived from neutrophils activated in GPP. Both serum PCT and P-SEP might therefore be useful as novel serum biomarkers for GPP because their levels were decreased by GPP treatments. However, the measurement of PCT might be more useful than the measurement of P-SEP for discriminating between GPP and sepsis.
La Reforma Universitaria Cordobesa de 1918: Contextos y Protagonistas
Authors: Moyano Javier
Published: December 2018

Nuestro objetivo en este artículo es contribuir a explicar, en un primer momento, las condiciones de posibilidad del movimiento de la reforma universitaria cordobesa de 1918, a partir del análisis del contexto social, político y cultural cordobés en vísperas de la reforma. En un segundo momento, procuraremos rescatar esos procesos contextuales para explicar los clivajes que dividían aguas en la coyuntura de 1918 y, en consecuencia, visualizar a aliados y antagonistas de los reformistas cordobeses.
El problema de la universidad en Venezuela y los lugares para su resistencia (im)posible en tiempos de postautonomía
Authors: Cróquer-Pedrón Eleonora
Published: December 2018

El presente ensayo en torno al problema de la universidad, situado en las circunstancias que atañen a las universidades autónomas en la Venezuela contemporánea, se propone como una llamada de atención a la urgencia de asumir una reflexión sobre la universidad no sólo tendente a revisar lo que ha sido la tradición en la que se inscribe, sino también a postular las condiciones imprescindibles para su supervivencia en tiempos de postautonomía como los que parecen imponerse en el presente mundializado. En este orden de ideas, fija su atención en los institutos, centros y grupos de investigación como lugares capaces de hacer posible una resistencia que parecería imposible, toda vez que ellos cuentan con las condiciones necesarias para la generación de una comunidad de pensamiento abierta a la proposición de nuevas perspectivas de investigación y estudio, al tiempo que permiten una integración distinta de docentes y estudiantes.
La reforma, la Universidad San Marcos y los retos del humanismo
Authors: Espino Relucé Gonzalo
Published: December 2018

La Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos forma parte de la historia, no solo por su largo recorrido, sino por lo que ha significado en varios momentos para el Perú y América Latina. San Marcos es la imagen de lo que acontece en el país y se define como universidad con una sólida tradición académica y de investigación. No solo prepara y califica profesionales de primera línea, sino que estos alcanzan una alta solvencia profesional, una sensibilidad e imaginación con capacidad de dar respuestas a diversos escenarios y demandas. La nueva Ley Universitaria no la expresa ni la ubica como la universidad de la nación. Recientemente como institución fue licenciada por una década. En ese marco corresponde allanar que está ocurriendo en una universidad pública como la nuestra, la condición del humanismo del siglo XXI y afianzar consensos para una universidad de cara al Bicentenario de la República. Lo haremos desde la experiencia de docente y desde el espacio localizado en la Facultad de Letras y Ciencias Humanas.
A razão da(s) língua(s). Na produção de conhecimento e na Educação superior.
Authors: Celada María Teresa
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo aborda questões relativas ao funcionamento, tanto no plano da produção de conhecimento quanto no da educação superior, da evidência segundo a qual "o inglês é a língua universal da ciência". Nesse sentido, após abordar as razões pelas quais essa vocação monolingue deve ser interrompida, traz propostas de inovação – fundamentalmente, a partir das formuladas por Hamel (2013, 2016) – focalizando a questão de que, no debate acadêmico contemporâneo, se torna fundamental refletir sobre o funcionamento da linguagem e abrir espaço para as diversas línguas nas práticas presentes nas referidas esferas.
Literatura e História- Camilo José Cela e a narrativa espanhola do pós-guerra
Authors: Almeida Edwirgens Aparecida Ribeiro Lopes de
Published: December 2018

Camilo José Cela é considerado um dos escritores renovadores da literatura espanhola do século XX. Sua obra inova e experimenta formas e conteúdos enfatizando imagens grotescas e violentas que representam bem o contexto da Guerra Civil espanhola e suas consequências para a população. Tendo um complexo posicionamento entre a aceitação e a oposição ao governo ditatorial franquista, sua escrita se caracteriza por um realismo brutal que, literariamente, adquire o termo de “tremendismo”. O conjunto de sua obra levou-o a ganhar o Premio Nobel de literatura, tendo destaque as obras La familia de Pascual Duarte e La Colmena. Assim, este estudo procura engendrar, sucintamente, uma discussão acerca desses textos de Cela tendo em conta o esfacelamento do ser humano diante do conturbado contexto social, aspectos que vários escritores se sentiram no compromisso de demonstrar através da arte.
Dieciocho apuntes sobre el Dieciocho
Authors: Rinesi Eduardo
Published: December 2018

A cien años de la Reforma Universitaria de 1918, y a cincuenta del llamado “mayo francés”, el texto examina los impactos de estos acontecimientos sobre nuestros modos actuales de pensar la cuestión universitaria. Se estudia la dimensión latinoamericana de la Reforma, sus antecedentes y sus legados, la relación entre la tradición reformista y los movimientos nacional-populares de este último siglo y los modos en los que la filosofía política europea pensó la movilización de los estudiantes franceses en 1968. Y se analizan las categorías de “libertad” y de “derecho” y su interés para el examen actual de la Universidad y su lugar.
Josefina Plá: sobre alguma correspondência e suas transformações
Authors: Benatti Andre Rezende
Published: December 2018

Este artigo pretende desenvolver uma análise da trajetória de formação intelectual de Josefina Plá, artista hispano-paraguaia. Abordaremos o universo artístico de Josefina Plá em sua formação, dos contatos de uma artista nascida na Europa, com uma cultura totalmente distinta da sua, e a forma como ela encara e desenvolve essa cultura. Refletimos, também, sobre a possível relação e influência que a obra e o pensamento artístico de Josefina Plá possa ter sofrido da Generación de 27, da Espanha. Principalmente na figura de Federico García Lorca, cujo pensamento acerca daquilo que genuinamente forma o ser espanhol, relacionamos, com a maneira com que Josefina Plá representa o ser paraguaio.
História literária latino-americana: ameaças e desafios. Entrevista com Pablo Rocca
Authors: Barros Bruno Mazolini de , Nascimento Fábio Varela
Published: December 2018

Entrevista com o professor uruguaio Pablo Hugo Rocca Pesce, da Universidad de la República, Montevidéu.
La adquisición del sistema verbal del español. Datos empíricos del proceso de aprendizaje del español como lengua extranjera
Authors: Vázquez Graciela
Published: December 2018

El aprendizaje del castellano como lengua extranjera (ELE) carece todavía de una investigación empírica que fundamente de manera coherente y sinergética los enfoques didácticos del siglo XXI. La mayor parte de los estudios giran en torno a los procesos de enseñanza y adquisición del inglés e incluso los documentos programáticos más influyentes son de origen anglosajón y responden a necesidades no compartidas en todas las áreas de aplicación
Manifiesto Liminar
Authors: Fanjul Adrián Pablo
Published: December 2018

Esta declaração, que transcendeu historicamente como “Manifiesto Liminar”, foi publicada em La Gaceta Universitaria, periódico da Federación Universitária de Córdoba, entidade representativa estudantil que protagonizou organicamente a revolta conhecida como Reforma de 1918. A data é de 21 de junho daquele ano. Foi assinada por um grupo de estudantes detalhado no final, dentre os quais não consta aquele que é considerado seu principal autor, Deodoro Roca. O artigo de Eduardo Rinesi que publicamos neste número, “Dieciocho apuntes sobre el Dieciocho”, desenvolve análises deste texto. Apresentamos aqui também uma tradução para o português.
La invención y la herencia. Notas liminares para una universidad abierta
Authors: Tatian Diego
Published: December 2018

El presente trabajo revisa los conceptos fundamentales de launiversidad reformista latinoamericana (pública, autónoma, nacional,internacional, popular, universalista...), que hoy se encuentra bajoamenaza de ser vulnerada en su núcleo más íntimo por el “discursocompetente” y la mercantilización que impone el neoliberalismoacadémico en curso. Frente a él, mantener abierta la cuestióndemocrática en la Universidad convoca a una reinvención y a unaresignificación del contenido emancipatorio que hereda de su mejortradición.
La inspiración reformista deberá activarse contra amenazas concretas que enfrenta hoy nuestra universidad. Entrevista a Diego Tatián
Authors: Fanjul Adrián Pablo , Gasparini Pablo , Olmos Ana Cecília
Published: December 2018

Entrevista a Diego Tatián
A respeito de uma poeta que só conheceu o mar pelo rumor que faz um livro
Authors: Rosa Victor da
Published: December 2018

Resenha de "O livro das semelhanças" (2015), da poeta Ana Martins Marques
Considerações sobre infância/velhice, memória/linguagem, a partir do conto “Nenhum, nenhuma”, de João Guimarães Rosa
Authors: Viana Maria Schtine
Published: December 2018

Por meio deste ensaio pretende-se realizar um exercício de leitura do conto “Nenhum, Nenhuma”, de João Guimarães Rosa, para verificar em que medida a memória é utilizada não apenas para recuperar um episódio específico ocorrido no passado, mas, sobretudo, assinalar a importância do papel da reminiscência como elemento deflagrador da inspiração. Tendo em vista uma estrutura circular, onde infância e linguagem parecem remeter uma à outra, cabe também investigar a relação entre velhice/infância na constituição desta estória.
Brasília em Nicolas Behr: amnésia colossal e desastrada
Authors: Manzoni Filipe Bitencourt
Published: December 2018

Nosso trabalho propõe uma investigação do caráter amnéstico inerente ao projeto modernista de Brasília e suas subversões operadas pela poesia de Nícolas Behr. Nos interessa observar o quanto a poesia de Nícolas ironiza a pretensão à ausência de memória do projeto urbanista da capital ao mesmo tempo em que busca brechas para a constituição de uma memória urbana alternativa. Perpassaremos, para tanto, alguns aspectos “desastrados” negligenciados na história da cidade (a sua pedra fundamental, sua monumentalidade e a origem de suas cidades-satélites) buscando flagrar aberturas possíveis para a fundação de uma memória e de uma história “não planejada”.
Godofredo Rangel leitor: memórias literárias na correspondência trocada com Monteiro Lobato
Authors: Spagnoli Camila Russo de Almeida
Published: December 2018

Através da correspondência trocada entre Godofredo Rangel e Monteiro Lobato, reunida em A barca de Gleyre e no Suplemento Literário de Minas Gerais, o artigo recupera algumas das principais referências a autores e obras, estabelecendo possíveis diálogos entre essas memórias literárias e a obra de Rangel.
"Gabriela, cravo e canela" e o degelo soviético: o apagamento da primeira obra escrita por Amado após "Os subterrâneos da liberdade"
Authors: Fonseca Darmaros Marina
Published: December 2018

Este artigo aponta, com base em pesquisas nos arquivos soviéticos, para a existência de uma obra, nunca publicada, entre Os Subterrâneos da Liberdade e Gabriela, Cravo e Canela, e a transformação do posicionamento público de Amado com o discurso secreto de Khruschov - que possivelmente ocasionou o apagamento daquela.
Um mercenário alemão devora o Brasil, e nos conta
Authors: Ab’Sáber Tales
Published: December 2018

C. Schlichthorst, um dos viajantes europeus que  nomearam o Brasil dos primeiros tempos em suas memórias de viajem ao país, entre 1824 e 1826, reconheceu elementos sociais importantes da formação escravocrata brasileira e deu formulação direta, reflexiva e quase realista para a experiência do Brasil, de um modo que os próprios brasileiros levariam mais de meio século para se aproximar daquela natureza de forma literária e sua produção de sujeito e vida social. Sua escritura moderna informa o que o país sempre quis esconder e revela que o atraso e a diferença econômica da nação pós-colonial era também um cuidadoso e cultivado “atraso simbólico” sobre a experiência da sua própria vida.
O sentido da memória em “Elegia”, de Cecília Meireles
Authors: Maria Neto Mariana Carlos
Published: December 2018

Neste artigo analisaremos o poema “Elegia”, de Cecília Meireles, tendo por finalidade compreender de que forma a memória auxilia o sujeito poético a libertar-se do luto e a refazer um sentido para sua percepção de mundo, que depois da perda do ser amado, encontrava-se fraturada.
Em busca da cabeça perdida: memória e sexualidade em Gonzaga Duque
Authors: Vasconcelos Jr. Gilberto Araújo
Published: December 2018

Mais conhecido como crítico de arte, Gonzaga Duque ainda não mereceu o necessário reconhecimento por sua obra de ficção, composta pelo romance Mocidade morta (1899) e pela coletânea de formas breves Horto de mágoas (1914). É a este último título que o presente ensaio se dedica, examinando, com maior detalhe, a narrativa “Agonia por semelhança”, em que se pretendem avaliar as conexões simbólicas entre memória e sexualidade, bem como a originalidade estética das técnicas adotadas, com inovadora incursão pelo inconsciente, capaz de antecipar conceitos posteriormente desenvolvidos por Sigmund Freud, como o complexo de Édipo.
Memória musical no diário do conselheiro Aires
Authors: Diego Marcelo da Rocha Lima
Published: December 2018

Este ensaio busca intervir no debate sobre a presença da música no Memorial de Aires, de Machado de Assis, por meio de três argumentos. O primeiro é que as óperas a que o escritor pode assistir devem ter tido maior impacto sobre a sua obra do que óperas a que ele não pode assistir. O segundo é que o discurso e o repertório mobilizados pelo narrador-personagem desse romance devem ser tomados com tanta desconfiança quanto os mobilizados por outros narradores-personagens machadianos. E o terceiro é que a presença da música deve ser buscada no último romance do escritor antes no plano da sensação do que no do sentido.
À sombra da casa-grande: patriarcado, loucura e ressentimento em "Fogo morto"
Authors: Rufinoni Simone Rossinetti
Published: December 2018

Resumo: O romance Fogo morto, de José Lins do Rego, foca três vozes dilaceradas entre a decadência do patriarcado e a promessa da modernidade. Os protagonistas estão à mercê da presença sufocante da casa-grande que domina a obra de modo objetivo e metafórico. Os espaços da narrativa – a casa-grande, o casebre e a vila – articulam-se formalmente aos dramas encenados, permitindo refletir acerca da predominância da esfera da família, o espaço privado, diante da difícil conquista do espaço público, local por excelência do homem livre. Em face do impasse encenado, tanto a esfera da dependência, marcada pelas tentativas falhadas de emancipação; quanto a esfera do poder, aferrada à aristocracia rural ruinosa, estarão sujeitas aos modos da loucura e do ressentimento.

Palavras-chave: Fogo Morto, José Lins do Rego, patriarcado, espaço privado e espaço público, loucura.
Memórias de escritores do Brasil na Academia Real da História Portuguesa
Authors: Muhana Adma Fadul
Published: December 2018

Os anos de 1720-1730 assistem a uma mudança de paradigmas no que diz respeito ao registro da memória e ao lugar dos escritores na constituição de uma memória coletiva. Traba-lhos consistentes têm enfatizado o papel da Academia Real da História Portuguesa (fundada em 1720), cujos princípios de memorialização passaram a dominar a escrita da história, como um processo de coleta e ordenação de documentos e notícias. As investigações da Academia, porém, tinham um escopo bem mais abrangente do que a mera recolha de dados, tendo por finalidade a construção de uma historiografia portuguesa, no âmbito da corte de d. João v. Neste sentido, encomendaram um inventário dos escritores existentes nos domínios portugueses, como no Brasil e na Índia, e prouziram registros de memórias dos que existiram.
Máquina do Mundo
Authors: Hansen João Adolfo
Published: December 2018

Na figuração da “máquina do mundo”, Dante e Camões representam princípios essenciaisdo Universo. Drummond desdenha colher a coisa metafísica que se oferece gratuitamentea seu engenho. Haroldo de Campos substitui a metafísica platônica e escolástica de Dante eCamões e a recusa de Drummond de uma nova metafísica, sem Deus ou fundamento essencial,pela física dos quanta.
Homem cordial e suas fardas: os fracassos da modernidade em "Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma"
Authors: Grauová Šárka
Published: December 2018

O artigo concentra-se na representação do mundo militar no romance Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma. Partindo do pressuposto de que a sociedade moderna se caracteriza pelos princípios da legalidade, da funcionalidade e da impessoalidade, analisa a farda como uma metonímia da nova ordem almejada pelos adeptos da República, mas na qual persistem usos e costumes antigos, sob a aparência inconvincente da modernidade.
Tristes Trópicos/trópicos tristes: o olhar de fora
Authors: Roncari Luiz Dagobert
Published: December 2018

Falarei aqui sobre minha tentativa de cruzar o olhar de fora de Lévi-Strauss sobre o Brasil e o mundo não-europeu, trópicos, com o meu olhar de dentro sobre o seu livro, Tristes Trópicos. Algumas datas são importantes para contextualizar o que irei expor: 1935-39, anos das duas vindas de Lévi-Strauss ao país, quando ele realiza também as duas expedições junto aos índios do Mato Grosso: cadiuéus, bororos,  nambiquaras, mondés; 1954-55, quando ele escreve e publica o livro, cujas condições objetivas e subjetivas foram muito bem expostas por Emmanuelle Loyer (Lévi-Strauss, 2018, pp. 377), livro fundamental para o estudo do autor e sua obra; e 2018, ano desta reflexão e conferência, num momento em que tudo o que tinha alguma solidez nas nossas ciências humanas e no país parecia estar se desmanchando no ar. Esse é um sentimento que Lévi-Strauss já prenunciava e o livro também pode ser visto como um sintoma de seu mal-estar. No título, o adjetivo, tristes, antecede o substantivo, trópicos, de modo que o julgamento conclusivo do que foi visto ganhava maior importância do que o objeto: uma variedade geográfica e cultural enorme, que ia do extremo Oriente às Américas. Eu experimentei a sua inversão, antecedendo o substantivo, os lugares, com o objetivo de verificar se o estado anímico conclusivo que ele provocava no etnólogo, que o apreciava a partir de um olhar europeu, era um fato de permanência, estrutural, ou só transitório.
Imitação e emulação nas letras luso-brasileiras: Francisco Rodrigues Lobo, Gregório de Matos e Guerra e Tomás Pinto Brandão
Authors: Moreira Marcello
Published: December 2018

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar as relações entre dois princípios que estão na base do fazer poético dos séculos XVI e XVII, "imitação" e "emulação". No que concerne ao primeiro deles, lê-se novamente a Poética de Aristóteles com a finalidade de demonstrar que a mimese, conquanto seja imitação de ação, é, sobretudo, imitação de afecções ou de estados patéticos. A voz que enuncia, nos vários gêneros poéticos, não é a do indivíduo poeta, mas a de uma persona que finge estados patéticos. Leitores dos poemas nos dias de hoje creem haver "expressão" ou “sinceridade" no que leem, sem se aperceberem de que tudo é efeito da aplicação de técnicas discursivas, gramaticais, poéticas e retóricas. A emulação, como reconhecimento de carência e desejo de superá-la, é emulação principalmente do que é mais excelente, ou seja, de caracteres e seus feitos; em poesia, é tentativa de imitação e superação de discursos modelares, apropriação, por conseguinte, de estados patéticos já figurados de acordo com convenções de gênero. A emulação é imitação de imitação e é esse caráter produtivo da mimese aristotélica nos séculos XVI e XVII que tentaremos tornar evidente neste estudo.
Association Between Driving Distance From Nearest Fire Station and Survival of Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Hansen Steen M. , Hansen Carolina Malta , Fordyce Christopher B. , Dupre Matthew E. , Monk Lisa , Tyson Clark , Torp‐Pedersen Christian , McNally Bryan , Vellano Kimberly , Jollis James , Granger Christopher B. ,   the CARES Surveillance Group
Published: December 2018

Background

Firefighter first responders dispatched in parallel with emergency medical services (
EMS
) personnel for out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrests (
OHCA
) can provide early defibrillation to improve survival. We examined whether survival following first responder defibrillation differed according to driving distance from nearest fire station to
OHCA
site.

Methods and Results

From the
CARES
(Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival) registry, we identified non‐
EMS
witnessed
OHCA
s of presumed cardiac cause from 2010 to 2014 in Durham, Mecklenburg, and Wake counties, North Carolina. We used logistic regression to estimate the association between calculated driving distances (≤1, 1–1.5, 1.5–2, and >2 miles) and survival to hospital discharge following first responder defibrillation compared with defibrillation by
EMS
personnel. In total, 5020
OHCA
s were included in the study. First responders more often applied the first automated external defibrillators at the shortest distances (≤1 mile) versus longest distances (>2 miles) (53.4% versus 46.6%, respectively,
P
<0.001). When compared with
EMS
defibrillation, first responder defibrillation within 1 mile and 1 to 1.5 miles of the nearest fire station was associated with increased survival to hospital discharge (odds ratio 2.01 [95% confidence interval 1.46–2.78] and odds ratio 1.61 [95% confidence interval 1.10–2.35], respectively). However, at the longest distances (1.5–2.0 and >2.0 miles), survival following first responder defibrillation did not differ from
EMS
defibrillation (odds ratio 0.77 [95% confidence interval 0.48–1.21] and odds ratio 0.97 [95% confidence interval 0.67–1.41], respectively).

Conclusions

Shorter driving distance from nearest fire station to
OHCA
location was associated with improved survival following defibrillation by first responders. These results suggest that the location of first responder units should be considered when organizing prehospital systems of
OHCA
care.
Use of Spontaneous Reporting Systems to Detect Host‐Medication Interactions: Sex Differences in Oral Anti‐Diabetic Drug‐Associated Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Wang Shi‐Heng , Chen Wei J. , Hsu Le‐Yin , Chien Kuo‐Liong , Wu Chi‐Shin
Published: December 2018

Background

Medical treatment should be tailored to an individual's characteristics to optimize treatment benefits. We examined whether case‐only analyses from spontaneous reporting systems can detect host‐medication interactions in oral antidiabetic drug‐associated myocardial infarction.

Methods and Results

Interaction between sex and use of oral antidiabetic drugs was mined among patients with myocardial infarction in the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System from 2004 to 2014, including 55 718 males and 42 428 females. The odds ratio (
OR
) of multiplicative interactions was used to estimate sex‐drug interaction. Detected signs of these interactions were then validated by a nested case‐control study utilizing a healthcare record database, Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, from 2001 to 2014, including 31 585 cases and 126 340 controls. In the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System, a higher proportion of male than female patients used metformin (10.32% in males versus 7.82% in females) and sulfonylureas (4.75% in males versus 3.43% in females); after adjusting for patients’ pharmacy‐based chronic disease score, males had a higher risk of metformin‐associated (
OR
=1.07; 99% confidence interval, 1.00–1.14) and sulfonylureas‐associated (
OR
=1.21; 99% confidence interval, 1.10–1.33) myocardial infarction than females. Detected signs of sex‐drug interactions were validated in the National Health Insurance Research Database (
OR
for metformin=1.14; 99% confidence interval, 1.03–1.26; OR for sulfonylureas=1.13; 99% confidence interval, 1.02–1.25).

Conclusions

Males have a higher risk of metformin‐ and sulfonylureas‐associated myocardial infarction than females, which suggests that sex‐drug interactions are a key issue in diabetes mellitus treatment plan development. This case‐only approach using information from spontaneous reporting systems may be a potential tool for screening host‐medication interactions that cause adverse events.