bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Significance of Measurable Residual Disease in Adult Philadelphia Chromosome–Positive ALL: A GRAAPH-2014 Study
Authors: Kim Rathana , Chalandon Yves , Rousselot Philippe , Cayuela Jean-Michel , Huguet Françoise , Balsat Marie , Passet Marie , Chevallier Patrice , Hicheri Yosr , Raffoux Emmanuel , Leguay Thibaut , Chantepie Sylvain , Maury Sébastien , Hayette Sandrine , Solly Françoise , Braun Thorsten , De Prijck Bernard , Cacheux Victoria , Salanoubat Celia , Farnault Laure , Guibaud Isabelle , Lamarque Mathilde , Gastaud Lauris , Lemasle Emilie , Brissot Eolia , Tavernier Emmanuelle , Bilger Karine , Villate Alban , Soulier Jean , Graux Carlos , Lhéritier Véronique , Dombret Hervé , Boissel Nicolas , Clappier Emmanuelle
Published: July 2024

PURPOSE

BCR::ABL1 quantification is widely regarded as the standard for monitoring measurable residual disease (MRD) in Philadelphia chromosome–positive (Ph+) ALL. However, recent evidence of BCR::ABL1 multilineage involvement questions the significance of BCR::ABL1 MRD. We aimed to define the prognostic role of MRD as assessed by BCR::ABL1 or lymphoid-specific immunoglobulin/T-cell receptor ( IG/TR) gene markers.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We conducted BCR::ABL1 and IG/TR quantification after each treatment cycle in 264 patients treated in the GRAAPH-2014 trial, which used four cycles of reduced-intensity chemotherapy with nilotinib, followed by hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT).

RESULTS

Comparing BCR::ABL1 and IG/TR MRD revealed residual BCR::ABL1-positive non-ALL cells in 98 (43%) of 228 patients, defining multilineage Ph+ ALL. Despite poorer BCR::ABL1 responses, patients with multilineage Ph+ ALL had similar disease-free survival (DFS; hazard ratio [HR], 0.83 [95% CI, 0.49 to 1.41]; P = .50). Although BCR::ABL1 response failed to predict outcomes, IG/TR positivity (≥0.01%) was strongly associated with lower DFS (after cycle 2, HR, 2.49 [95% CI, 1.40 to 4.40]; P = .002; after cycle 4, HR, 4.13 [95% CI, 1.82 to 9.38]; P = .001). In multivariable analysis, both IG/TR positivity after cycle 2 and initial WBC count ≥30 × 109/L predicted poorer DFS, enabling to define a high-risk group having a 4-year DFS of 56.5% compared with 87.6% (HR, 3.72 [95% CI, 1.93 to 7.15]; P < .001). Moreover, allogeneic HSCT significantly improved DFS in the high-risk group (HR, 0.33 [95% CI, 0.18 to 0.60]; P < .001), whereas the standard-risk group had favorable outcomes regardless of allogeneic HSCT.

CONCLUSION

Our findings challenge the significance of BCR::ABL1 monitoring in adult Ph+ ALL and demonstrate the prognostic role of IG/TR MRD. This study provides a framework for using MRD to guide treatment strategies in adults with Ph+ ALL.
Vaccinome Landscape in Nearly 620 000 Patients With Diabetes
Authors: D’Addio Francesca , Lazzaroni Elisa , Lunati Maria Elena , Preziosi Giuseppe , Ercolanoni Michele , Turola Giulio , Marrocu Chiara , Cicconi Giovanni , Sharma Sudwaric , Scarioni Simona , Montefusco Laura , Pastore Ida , Morpurgo Paola Silvia , Rossi Antonio , Gandolfi Alessandra , Tinari Camilla , Rossi Giada , Ben Nasr Moufida , Loretelli Cristian , Fiorina Roberta Maria , Grassa Baldassarre , Terranova Rosa , Bucciarelli Loredana , Berra Cesare , Cereda Danilo , Zuccotti Gianvincenzo , Borriello Catia Rosanna , Fiorina Paolo
Published: July 2024

Context

Type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are associated with an elevated incidence of infectious diseases and a higher risk of infections-related hospitalization and death.

Objective

In this study, we delineated the “vaccinome” landscape obtained with a large immunization schedule offered by the Regional Government of Lombardy in a cohort of 618 396 patients with diabetes (T1D and T2D).

Methods

Between September 2021 and September 2022, immunization coverage for influenza, meningococcus, pneumococcus, and herpes zoster was obtained from the public computerized registry of the health care system of Lombardy Region (Italy) in 618 396 patients with diabetes and in 9 534 087 subjects without diabetes. Type of diabetes, age, mortality, and hospitalizations were retrospectively analyzed in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients.

Results

Among patients with diabetes (T1D and T2D), 44.6% received the influenza vaccine, 10.9% the pneumococcal vaccine, 2.5% the antimeningococcus vaccine, and 0.7% the antizoster vaccine. Patients with diabetes immunized for influenza, zoster, and meningococcus showed a 2-fold overall reduction in mortality risk and a decrease in hospitalizations. A 3-fold lower risk of mortality and a decrease in hospitalizations for both cardiac and pulmonary causes were also observed after influenza, zoster, and meningococcus immunization in older patients with diabetes.

Conclusion

Immunization coverage is still far from the recommended targets in patients with diabetes. Despite this, influenza vaccination protected nearly 3800 per 100 000 patients with diabetes from risk of death. The overall impressive decrease in mortality and hospitalizations observed in vaccinated patients strengthens the need for scaling up the “vaccinome” landscape in patients with diabetes.
Exome sequencing of UK birth cohorts
Authors: Koko Mahmoud , Fabian Laurie , Popov Iaroslav , Eberhardt Ruth Y. , Zakharov Gennadii , Huang Qin Qin , Wade Emma E. , Azad Rafaq , Danecek Petr , Ho Karen , Hough Amy , Huang Wei , Lindsay Sarah J. , Malawsky Daniel S. , Bonfanti Davide , Mason Dan , Plowman Deborah , Quail Michael A. , Ring Susan M. , Shireby Gemma , Widaa Sara , Fitzsimons Emla , Iyer Vivek , Bann David , Timpson Nicholas J. , Wright John , Hurles Matthew E. , Martin Hilary C.
Published: July 2024

Birth cohort studies involve repeated surveys of large numbers of individuals from birth and throughout their lives. They collect information useful for a wide range of life course research domains, and biological samples which can be used to derive data from an increasing collection of omic technologies. This rich source of longitudinal data, when combined with genomic data, offers the scientific community valuable insights ranging from population genetics to applications across the social sciences. Here we present quality-controlled whole exome sequencing data from three UK birth cohorts: the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (8,436 children and 3,215 parents), the Millenium Cohort Study (7,667 children and 6,925 parents) and Born in Bradford (8,784 children and 2,875 parents). The overall objective of this coordinated effort is to make the resulting high-quality data widely accessible to the global research community in a timely manner. We describe how the datasets were generated and subjected to quality control at the sample, variant and genotype level. We then present some preliminary analyses to illustrate the quality of the datasets and probe potential sources of bias. We introduce measures of ultra-rare variant burden to the variables available for researchers working on these cohorts, and show that the exome-wide burden of deleterious protein-truncating variants, S het burden, is associated with educational attainment and cognitive test scores. The whole exome sequence data from these birth cohorts (CRAM & VCF files) are available through the European Genome-Phenome Archive, and here provide guidance for their use.
ANTI-WAR? A rejoinder to Antiwar.com, Lew Rockwell, Tom DiLorenzo, and the Mises Caucus of the Libertarian Party
Authors: Block Walter
Published: July 2024

To be opposed to war, to all war, sounds eminently reasonable. War is a horrible undertaking, not only for the soldiers who lose their lives pursuing it, but, also, even more tragic, for the civilians who are no part of it, and perish from it anyway. To be in favor of war sounds, at the outset, like the view of a particularly nasty misanthrope. And, yet, on the basis of libertarianism, properly understood, it is improper to oppose all wars. Rather, we must distinguish between proper and improper wars. If country A gratuitously, with no justification whatsoever, launches a military attack on country B, it is indeed unwarranted. However, if B engages in a defensive war in response to A’s improper attack, B is engaging in a just war. The only people who oppose all wars, indeed, all violence, are pacifists, and libertarianism, the basis upon which the present essay is built, is not a synonym for pacifism.
Psychological features of professional interaction of employees of the UIS
Authors: Sobolev Nikolay , Gorach Nikolay
Published: July 2024

The article describes the results obtained on the study of the psychological characteristics of professional interaction of employees of the penal enforcement system. Thus, the topic of communication and professional communication specifically occupies a special place in professional psychological training with employees of institutions. A person's personality is formed and develops in the process of interacting with other people through the transmission of information. The article indicates that the topic of professional communication for employees of the penal enforcement system is relevant due to their constant interaction with various categories of people, that is, both with employees and with convicts. Employees, due to the complexity and specificity of their official activities, often face unusual situations in the context of interaction. It is noted that the specific side of communication is determined when making a specific choice of professional interaction, tasks and goals that an employee of the penal enforcement system faces. So, employees have to solve conflict issues, make difficult decisions, constantly be collected and be responsible not only for themselves, but also for others. The object of the study is professional communication, and the subject is the psychological characteristics of the employee's personality, which can affect the professional interaction of employees of the penal enforcement system. With the help of direct empirical research, the goal is achieved — to identify the existing psychological characteristics of the personality of an employee of the penal enforcement system. The personality of an employee is considered in the context of his professional interaction. The results obtained based on the results of the study allow us to identify the necessary patterns and features about the studied category of employees for further psychocorrective and psychoprophylactic work with them. The article also presents the topics of lectures that allow you to bring the necessary aspects of the topic under study, teach self-help and mutual assistance skills, and talk about the importance of professional communication skills in the course of employees' professional activities.
Brakujące księgi miejskie krakowskie do 1600 roku (zarys problematyki)
Authors: Follprecht Kamila
Published: July 2024

The complete holdings of Krakow’s city archives from the Old Polish period remain unknown. Our knowledge of the kept series of books and other documentation is essentially based on an analysis of the archival records, which, after many organisational changes in the City Hall archives and after removals at the end of the 19th century, found their way into the building at the Archives of Old Records of the City of Kraków. A comparison was made between the inventories of the then-current collection of city records, created in 1550, 1584, 1587 and 1632, and the records of the stock of the Archive of the Old Records of the City of Kraków from the early 20th century. The fate of the lost books was traced and the probable reasons for their disappearance were indicated, suggesting, however, the need for further research.
Paired box proteins as diagnostic biomarkers for endocervical adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhou Jia-Hui , Zhang Xiang-Ning
Published: July 2024

In this editorial, we commented on the article by Akers et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Clinical Cases . We focused specifically on the role of the transcription factor paired box protein 8 (PAX8) belonging to the family PAX in the carcinogenesis of a gynecologic tumor, endocervical adenocarcinoma, arising from the tissue of mesonephric origin, and the potential diagnostic value for the same type of neoplasms. The global vaccination program of human papillomavirus (HPV) has dramatically reduced the incidence of cervical cancer, including cases of adenocarcinoma. The type of adenoid epithelial origin has a lower frequency of HPV detection but tends to be more aggressive and fatal. Cases of endocervical adenocarcinoma occurring in females of menopause age have been described in the 2023 volume of the World Journal of Clinical Cases and in our study recently published in Oncol Lett . The histopathological findings and immunohistochemical assays showed that the lesions had glandular morphology, and the specimens in these two reports were immunohistochemically positive for the transcription factor PAX8, albeit that they had opposing expression profiles of tumor suppressor p16 and estrogen receptor and the presence of the HPV genome. The presence of a mucin protein, MUC 5AC, as revealed in both studies suggested target molecules for the diagnosis of mucinous adenoid type of uterine tumor and other histological origins. The clinical outcome was unfavorable due to metastasis and recurrence. This prompted the improvement of the antitumor modality, with the introduction of precise targeting therapy. Mucin has now been reported to be the therapeutic target for adenocarcinomas.
Application of real-time shear wave elastography to Achilles tendon hardness evaluation in older adults
Authors: He Xuan , Wei Xin , Hou Jia , Tan Wei , Luo Ping
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) is a non-invasive imaging technique used to measure tissue stiffness by generating and tracking shear waves in real time. This advanced ultrasound-based method provides quantitative information regarding tissue elasticity, offering valuable insights into the mechanical properties of biological tissues. However, the application of real-time SWE in the musculoskeletal system and sports medicine has not been extensively studied.

AIM

To explore the practical value of real-time SWE for assessing Achilles tendon hardness in older adults.

METHODS

A total of 60 participants were enrolled in the present study, and differences in the elastic moduli of the bilateral Achilles tendons were compared among the following categories: (1) Age: 55-60, 60-65, and 65-70-years-old; (2) Sex: Male and female; (3) Laterality: Left and right sides; (4) Tendon state: Relaxed and tense state; and (5) Tendon segment: Proximal, middle, and distal.

RESULTS

There were no significant differences in the elastic moduli of the bilateral Achilles tendons when comparing by age or sex (P > 0.05). There were, however, significant differences when comparing by tendon side, state, or segment (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Real-time SWE plays a significant role compared to other examination methods in the evaluation of Achilles tendon hardness in older adults.
Bağımlılığa İlişkin Anlatılarda Annelik: Madde Bağımlısı Olan Bireylerin Anlam Dünyasında Annelik
Authors: Timurturkan Meral
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışma; uyuşturucu madde bağımlısı olan bireylerin sosyal dünyayı anlamlandırma biçiminden, eylem ve etkileşim pratiklerinden yola çıkarak, bağımlılık ve aileye yönelik anlatılarda anneliğin nasıl yer aldığına odaklanmaktadır. Bağımlılığa yol açan faktörler içinde ailenin önemli bir yerde konumlanması, özellikle ebeveynlerin davranışlarının, ilişkilerinin, duygusal destek durumlarının ve bağımlılık geçmişlerinin bu süreç üzerinde belirleyici bir etkiye sahip olması konuyu spesifik olarak tartışmayı gerekli kılmaktadır. Anneliğin hem kadınlık kimliğinin önemli bir belirleyeni olması hem de toplumsal yeniden üretim konusunda kurumsallaşan bir yapıya bürünmesi; aile içi ilişkilerin annenin rolleri, tutumları ve davranışları üzerinden tesis edilmesini de beraberinde getirmektedir. Anneliğin ideal standartlarının çizilmesi bunun üzerinden çocukların eylemlerinin sosyal olarak anlamlandırılmasını da yol açmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışma, kadınların anne veya bakım veren kimliklerinin ve buna bağlı olarak toplumun bu kimliklere ilişkin içselleştirilmiş algısının, bireylerin anlam dünyasına ve madde ile olan ilişkisini tanımlamaya nasıl etki ettiğini konu edinmektedir. Nitel araştırma tasarımdan ve yorumlayıcı gelenekten yola çıkan bu çalışmada denetimli serbestlik altında yükümlü olan 64 erkek katılımcı ile derinlemesine görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler yorumlayıcı betimsel metodoloji ile tematik bir şekilde kategorize edilerek yorumlanmıştır. Bağımlılığa giden süreçte ailenin rolünü vurgulayan anlatılar, “aile içi ilişkilere yönelik anlatılar ve bağımlılık deneyimi” temasında, annenin rolüne vurgu yapan anlatılar “aile ve annenin sorunsallaştırılan konumu” temasında ve son olarak anneden beklentilere, bağımlıkla baş etme ve gündelik hayatı organize etme biçiminde annenin rolüne yapılan vurgular ise “yaşamı yeniden tesis etme çabası ve annenin rolü” başlıklı temada tartışılmıştır.
Ghost Reduction and Brightness Enhancement of Aerial Images Using Lens Diffusers in MMAPs
Authors: Kurihara Atsutoshi , Bao Yue
Published: July 2024

This paper proposes a new method for improving the image quality of ASKA3D, a product with a micro-mirror array plates (MMAPs) structure that is relatively easy to implement among devices that can image in the air. Conventional technologies have improved visibility by shading ghost light rays generated by stray light, but the shading causes a decrease in luminance. In this study, we proposed a method to reduce ghosting without shading by using collimated light and a lens diffuser. Experimental results showed that the luminance of the aerial image was improved, and the luminance of ghosting was reduced at all angles in the ASKA3D operating range of 0° to 25°, compared with the conventional method using louvers. This enables high-luminance ghost reduction without light shielding.
University students’ preferences of learning modes post COVID-19-associated lockdowns: In-person, online, and blended
Authors: Mehta Kosha J. , Aula-Blasco Javier , Mantaj Julia
Published: July 2024

Online teaching accelerated during COVID-19-associated lockdowns. At that time, it was assumed that university students wanted to revert to in-person sessions at the earliest opportunity. However, when in-person sessions were re-introduced, student attendance was not as high as expected. Therefore, we examined students’ preferences of learning modes. Students (n = 968) from different UK universities, degree cohorts, study levels and biological sexes were given four learning-mode options: Face-to-face sessions for lectures and tutorials (in-person), Live online sessions for lectures and tutorials (Online-synchronous), Pre-recorded lectures and live online tutorials (Online-mixed-asynchronous-synchronous), and Pre-recorded lectures and face-to-face tutorials (Blended: in-person and online-asynchronous). Students ranked these options as per their preference via an online anonymous survey. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 28. Results showed that the most frequently selected 1st and last choices were In-person and Online-synchronous modes, respectively. For the majority, above choices were the same across study levels and biological sex, but across degree cohorts, the 1st choice was either In-person or Blended. Proportion of students selecting In-person mode as their 1st choice (52.2%) was almost equal to the combined proportions of those selecting other learning modes as 1st choices (47.5%). Amongst degree cohorts, In-person mode was least preferred by Language Education students and most preferred by Bioscience and Sports & Exercise Science students. The latter cohort also preferred Online-synchronous mode more than other degree cohorts. Blended mode was preferred more by Language Education, Computer Science and Psychology students but preferred less by Sports & Exercise Science and Pharmacy students, compared to other degree cohorts. Ordinal regression revealed that Sports & Exercise Science students preferred Online-mixed-asynchronous-synchronous mode less than Language Education students. Undergraduates preferred In-person mode more and Online-mixed- asynchronous-synchronous mode less than postgraduates. Preference differences between biological sexes were insignificant. Thus, we identified students’ preferences of learning modes and propose that not biological sex, but discipline and study level can predict/influence preferences.
Occupational hazards and risks among the women in fisher communities in Cox’s Bazar and Chattogram, Bangladesh
Authors: Halder Charls Erik , Das Partha Pratim , Rahman S. M. Tareq , Bhoumick Liton Chandra , Tassdik Hamim , Hasan Md. Abeed , Mithun Sourav Nath
Published: July 2024

Background

Women in the fisher communities in coastal regions of Bangladesh are engaged in a wide range of fishery activities. However, there is limited evidence available on the occupational hazards and risks experienced by them.

Method

The study was conducted among fishing colonies in Cox’s Bazar and Chattogram districts in Bangladesh. This was a cross-sectional study blending qualitative and quantitative approaches. The qualitative component comprised five focus group discussions to understand the occupational context, hazards, and risks faced by the fisherwomen, informing the questionnaire design for the subsequent survey. The quantitative survey involved a sample of 207 women from fisher communities, gathering socio-demographic information, occupational hazards, risks, and health and safety practices.

Findings

The study found a high occurrence of occupational hazards, health risks and limited availability of preventive measures among the women in fisher communities. Occupational hazards include physical safety hazards such as slippery surfaces and fish cutting instruments, and physical hazards like prolonged sun exposure and noise. Chemical hazards like pesticides and saltwater, ergonomic hazards such as prolonged uncomfortable posture and heavy lifting, and biological hazards including inadequate sanitation facilities were prevalent. The study also identified the potential occupational risks, and the outcomes resulting from the hazards, including injuries (87.44%), musculoskeletal conditions (69.08%), skin diseases/conditions (56.52%), eye complaints (33.82%), severe respiratory distress (24.15%) and high incidence of self-reported communicable diseases. Most women (78.26%) did not use personal protective equipment, and the majority (93.72%) lacked a workplace first aid kit.

Conclusion

The study revealed a high prevalence of occupational hazards and health risks, including injuries and diseases, among Bangladeshi women in fisher communities with insufficient safety measures. Collaboration among government, NGOs, development partners, fisheries stakeholders, and the community is imperative for targeted training, innovative procedures, ergonomic solutions, provision of protective equipment, and advocacy to enhance the well-being of these women.
Longitudinal impact of screening colonoscopy on greenhouse gas emissions
Authors: Yusuf Hasiya , Gupta Vinita , Osaghae Ikponmwosa , Kumar Abhishek
Published: July 2024

Background and aim

Colonoscopy is the gold-standard screening test for colorectal cancer. However, it has come under scrutiny for its carbon footprint and contribution to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions compared to other medical procedures. Notwithstanding, screening colonoscopies may have a positive effect on GHG emissions that is unknown. This study estimated the carbon emissions prevented by screening colonoscopies in the U.S.

Methods

Using the reported number of screening colonoscopies performed annually in the U.S. and the absolute risk reduction (ARR) reported in the NorDICC trial, we calculated the expected minimum number of cancer treatment and surveillance visits prevented through screening based on the cancer stage. The average carbon emission averted per mile traveled was computed using the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) GHG equivalencies calculator. The final estimate of carbon emissions averted over a decade by screening colonoscopies performed in one year was determined.

Result

6.3 million screening colonoscopies performed in one year prevent 1,134,000 colorectal cancers over a ten-year period. Of these, 38∙3% (434,254) are localized, 38∙8% (440,281) are regional, and 22∙9% (259,465) are metastatic disease. The minimum number of post-diagnosis visits prevented is 11 for stage I, ≥ 21 for stage II, ≥25 for stage III, and ≥ 20 for stage IV disease, comprised of diagnostic, surgical evaluation, chemotherapy, and surveillance visits. The total number of visits prevented by screening is 2,388,397 for stage I, 5,254,421 for stage II, 13,120,369 for stage III, and 9,210,972 for stage IV disease. Approximately 395 million miles of travel and 158,263 metric tons of CO2, equivalent to 177 million pounds of coal burned, 19 billion smartphones charged, or 18 million gallons of gasoline consumed, were saved over ten years through screening.

Conclusion

Colorectal cancer screening decreases cancer-related GHG emissions and minimizes the environmental impact of cancer treatment.
Association of dietary diversity and quality with cognitive performance and odds of Alzheimer's disease: A cross-sectional study.
Authors: Kheirouri Sorayya , Azizi Armin , Valiei Fatemeh , Taheraghdam Ali-Akbar
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Scientific evidence proposes that a healthy and diverse diet may have a role in preserving brain and cognitive performance.  We sought to investigate the association of dietary diversity and quality with cognitive performance and odds of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken on 89 participants (60 Alzheimer's patients and 29 healthy individuals) over 60 years old (38 men and 51 women). A three-day food record was used to assess the dietary intake of participants. The dietary diversity (DD) score was examined using guidelines by the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization), and diet quality was assessed using the healthy eating index (HEI) and dietary quality index (DQI). Cognitive performance was appraised via the Mini-Mental State Test (MMSE).
Results: The DD score was significantly lower in the AD group than in the healthy group (p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference in HEI and DQI scores between AD and healthy groups (p>0.05). There was a significant association between DD score with total MMSE score (β= 0.33, p=0.02), memory (β=0.35, p=0.02), and language (β= 0.32, p=0.03). HEI was positively correlated with calculation (β= 0.32, p=0.02). A high DD reduced the odds of AD by 79% (OR: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.42; p<0.001) in a multivariate model.
Conclusions: A high DD may be associated with improved cognitive status and may reduce the odds of AD.
Funding: Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.
Diagnostic value of transvaginal contrast-enhanced ultrasound in identifying benign and malignant endometrial lesions and assessing myometrial invasion
Authors: Guo Fang , Yan Yulin , Huang Chengsheng , Wang Xia , Wu Xing , Xu Yanli , Ying Tao
Published: July 2024

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of transvaginal contrastenhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in differentiating benign from malignant endometrial lesions and assessing the extent of myometrial invasion.Methods: A total of 70 patients who underwent surgery for endometrial lesions at the authors’ hospital were selected. Transvaginal ultrasound examination and CEUS were performed for quantitative and qualitative analysis. Based on the CEUS results, an International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) disease grade was assigned and compared with pathological findings.Results: Postmenopausal vaginal bleeding is a key clinical manifestation of endometrial carcinoma. Among the patients with endometrial carcinoma, compared with normal myometrium, the lesion areas exhibited a greater rate of rise (defined as enhanced intensity divided by enhancement time) and a shorter half-clearance time (P<0.05). These findings suggest that in endometrial carcinoma, the contrast agent displays a "fast-in/fast-out/hyperenhancement" perfusion pattern. In contrast, the characteristic perfusion pattern for benign endometrial lesions is low enhancement (P<0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of CEUS in detecting myometrial invasion was 88% (22 of 25 cases).Conclusion: Transvaginal CEUS is a practical and effective diagnostic imaging method for distinguishing between benign and malignant endometrial lesions. It can also be used to evaluate the depth of myometrial invasion in patients with early-stage endometrial carcinoma.
Dodecanoic acid induces oxidative stress-mediated death in liver cancer cells through the mitochondrial pathway
Authors: Chen Xiaoguang , Lv Qiongxia , Li Haonan , Wang Zhe
Published: July 2024

It has been reported that dodecanoic acid (DDA) exerts anticancer effects on cancers of the reproductive system and digestive system. However, its role in liver cancer and its potential mechanism have rarely been defined. Therefore, in this study, Hepa 1-6 liver cancer cells were incubated with different DDA concentrations (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 mM) for 24, 48 and 72h, and the optimal DDA concentration was determined via a cell viability test. Apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were determined by flow cytometry. SOD activity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), ATP, GSH and ROS levels were measured by commercial assay kits; Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 protein levels were analyzed by western blot. The results showed that 0.5 mM DDA decreased cell viability in a time-dependent manner, so this concentration was used to investigate how DDA leads to Hepa 1-6 cell apoptosis. After treatment with DDA, a significant, time-dependent increase in the cell apoptotic rate was detected despite the accumulation of S-phase cells. The increased ROS levels and decreased GSH levels and SOD activity in DDA-treated cells indicated the occurrence of oxidative stress. Mitochondrial dysfunction was evidenced by a decreased MMP and reduced ATP levels. Cell apoptotic death via the mitochondrial pathway was indicated by a reduced Bcl-2/Bax ratio and increased caspase-3 protein levels. It can be concluded that DDA can effectively trigger liver cancer cell death by inducing oxidative stress and disrupting mitochondrial function. These findings provide new insight into the potential mechanism of action of DDA in liver cancer.
Valorization of waste organic pitaya seeds (Hylocereus undatus):
Authors: De Oliveira Santana Fabiani Cristina , Angonese Mariana , Olivera Müller Carmen Maria
Published: July 2024

Pitaya seeds (Hylocereus undatus) constitute agro-industrial waste with a high potential for developing new products and adding value. Studies characterizing these materials are scarce, though. This work aimed to characterize proximal composition, technological properties, thermal properties, and moisture adsorption isotherms. Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins were the major components. Thermogravimetric analyses showed three mass loss events, with the onset of degradation processes at 200 °C and first-order transitions in a temperature range between -42 °C to 205 °C, with a glass transition at 1 °C. Water and oil retentions were 153% and 89% of their mass, respectively. The seeds showed hygroscopic characteristics, with a monolayer moisture value between 3.4-5.9 g H2O.100 g solids-1 (dry basis). The GAB and Oswin were the best models to describe the moisture adsorption isotherms at 25 °C. The results indicate that pitaya seeds are promising materials for use as ingredients in the formulation of food products
Isomangiferin promotes the migration and osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Gao Bingjun , Cheng Xin , Wu Yarong , Jiang Boyi
Published: July 2024

Delayed or failed bone healing is a significant clinical challenge worldwide. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) offer a promising approach for improving fracture healing. Isomangiferin, a xanthone C-glucoside, is known for its pharmacological activities, but its role in fracture healing remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of isomangiferin on BMSCs under oxidative stress conditions induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Our results showed that isomangiferin promotes osteogenic differentiation and migration of H2O2-treated BMSCs, reduces apoptosis and reactive oxygen species production, and activates the AMP-activated protein kinase/acetyl-CoA carboxylase (AMPK/ACC) pathway. These findings suggest that isomangiferin may be a potential therapeutic agent for enhancing bone healing by modulating BMSC function.
Curcumin conjugated zinc nanoparticles for the treatment of myocardial infarction
Authors: Tan Lijuan
Published: July 2024

A modern cardioprotective drug was created by utilizing zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) containing curcumin to address isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in mice, with a specific focus on the PPAR-γ/NF-κB pathway. During the in vivo study, mice were subjected to myocardial infarction by subcutaneously administering isoproterenol at a dosage of 40 mg/kg every 12 h for a total of three administrations. The mice were randomly divided into five groups: (I, II) isoproterenol + ZnNPs at different concentrations (10, 40 μg/mL) and time intervals, (III) isoproterenol alone, and (IV) control group. Various physicochemical methods, including FT-IR, field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-Ray diffraction analysis, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, were utilized to analyze and characterize the ZnNPs. The real-time PCR and western blot methods were used to examine the PPAR-γ/NF-κB activation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the subsequent cytokine release. This research focused on investigating the inflammatory responses and cell apoptosis in human coronary artery endothelial cells treated with LPS. After the therapy, cardiac function was checked using an electrocardiogram, along with biochemical and histochemical analysis. The introduction of ZnNPs leads to a decrease in the inflammatory conditions present in the hearts of mice suffering from myocardial infarction. The use of ZnNPs not only enhances ventricular wall infarction but also reduces mortality rates and suppresses levels of myocardial injury markers. The usual ST segment depression observed in mice with myocardial infarction is markedly reduced when treated with ZnNPs. The mice with myocardial infarction in the pre + post-isoproterenol group seemed to experience more pronounced cardioprotective effects from the treatment with ZnNPs compared to those in the post-isoproterenol group. In an in vitro experiment, the use of ZnNPs resulted in a significant reduction in cell death and inhibition of inflammation cytokine expression. The gene expression normalization for PPAR-γ/NF-κB/IκB-α/IKKα/β and the phosphorylation of PPAR-γ could potentially be associated with the beneficial effects of ZnNPs. The rise in inflammatory responses was effectively prevented. The results of this study indicate that ZnNPs have cardioprotective efficacies on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction. This positive impact could be linked to the PPAR-γ activation and the NF-κB signaling inhibition.
Translation Competence in Translator Training Programs at Saudi Universities: Empirical Study
Authors: Hazaea Abduljalil Nasr , Qassem Mutahar
Published: July 2024

This study aims to investigate the manifestations of instrumental translation competence (ITC) in translator training programs in six Saudi universities. It explores students’ knowledge and skills in ITC in terms of training and translation courses, translation tools, and usage patterns, drawing on the PACTE group of translation competence. In this empirical study, the data were collected from the documents of program and course specifications at translation programs in six Saudi universities, utilizing a checklist to analyze the manifestations of ITC in the targeted programs. Further, an open-ended questionnaire was utilized to identify translation students’ perceptions of ITC in such programs. While the open questions were analyzed using thematic analysis, the closed questions were analyzed quantitatively. The study found that the translation training programs include translation technology courses, albeit to a lesser extent, including only one or two translation technology courses within the entire 4-year program. The main emerging themes from the students’ responses are enhancement, level of experience, and utilization of ITC. The analysis also revealed a lack of training in translation technology, a lack of knowledge of advanced translation tools, their awareness of the impact of translation tools on translation quality, and inappropriate use of translation tools.
Analysis of initial core and time dependent fuel burnup for high temperature testing reactors (HTTRs)
Authors: Aziz Moustafa
Published: July 2024

HTTRs are high temperature testing reactors which are considered generation IV nuclear power reactors. The reactor core startup and fuel burnup time dependent are simulated and analyzed. For the present computer model core startup, fuel loading with approach to criticality, control rod critical positions, scram reactivity and control rod worth, different core excess reactivity are evaluated. The results are compared with both typical measurements and other previously published methods. Moreover, the time dependent core model and fuel burn up are simulated to calculate the core multiplication factor, cycle length, discharged burnup, core isotopic evolution with time and burnable poisons behavior.
Harmony in diversity: exploring cross-linguistic, cross-cultural and multimodal dimensions of temporality within tourism discourse
Authors: Messner Monika
Published: July 2024

This study explores temporal aspects in tourism discourse across modes, languages and cultures, focusing on translated texts in German, Italian, French, English, and Spanish. Tourism communication, a persuasive force promoting destinations, constructs authentic experiences for potential tourists. Beyond promotion, it reflects a societal practice shaping tourist identities and destination cultures. The translation of tourism texts involves considerations of cultural values and multimodal representations, seeking to transfer the unique selling proposition effectively. Existing research has analyzed trigger words, interlingual strategies, and cultural representations, but a gap exists in understanding the translation of temporal aspects. This paper investigates the multimodal representation, promotion, and transfer of temporality in tourism texts, contributing to contrastive and multimodal research in tourism communication. Key questions addressed include how elements from different modes contribute to the unique selling proposition, how the advertising message is conveyed in a multimodal coherent way, and which temporal aspects are translated and adapted in the target language. The present paper sheds light on the intricate interplay of language and image in conveying the temporal dimension of tourist experiences across diverse linguistic and cultural contexts.
Coherent manipulation of bright and dark solitons of reflection and transmission pulses through sodium atomic medium
Authors: Abdeljawad Thabet , Al-Jaser Asma , Abdalla Bahaaeldin , Shah Kamal , Hleili Manel , Alqudah Manar
Published: July 2024

The coherent manipulation and control of bright and dark solitons through sodium atomic medium have been investigated in this manuscript. Dark soliton is reported for reflection and bright soliton is reported for transmission pulses with variation in position and driving field parameters through sodium atomic medium. Further the transmission pulse is periodic dark and bright solitonic behaviors and reflection pulse is periodic bright solitonic behavior with variation in the incident angle and Rabi frequency of the control field. Elliptical dark and bright solitons as well as breather types solitons are also investigated for reflection and transmission pulses. The dark soliton in reflection is due to slow light propagation and bright soliton is obtained due to fast light propagation of transmission through the medium. The modified results of the dark and bright solitons are useful for telecommunication and ultra-fast signal routing system.
Recent advances on hydrogen generation based on inorganic metal oxide nano-catalyst using water electrolysis approach
Authors: Ayub Muhammad Naeem , Rabbee Muhammad Fazle , Shahzad Umer , Saeed Mohsin , Al-Baqami Saad M. , Alzahrani Khalid A. , Repon Md. Reazuddin , Rahman Md. Rezaur , Khan Mohammad Mizanur Rahman , Rahman Mohammed M.
Published: July 2024

Today world is looking for a cheap, environment friendly and efficient substitute of fossil fuel. Because due to large consumption of the fossil fuels on daily basis in whole world, emission of hazardous gases have produced lethal effects on human being. In this scenario hydrogen energy has emerged in form of clean, renewable and more efficient energy. Now the key challenge is that efficient production of the green hydrogen at commercial scale to meet demand of hydrogen. The electrolysis of water is the best pathway to achieve efficient hydrogen production. For this purpose the synthesis and improvement of low cast, active as well as stable catalysts or electrolysis is prerequisite for hydrogen production by electro-catalytic method for splitting of water. Main focus of this review is that, how we can perform the electrolysis of water by various techniques using novel methods especially electro-catalysts in term of activity, efficiency, large surface area, porosity, and stability. This will be performed by the method of two-half cell reaction one is the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) other one Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER), where reaction proceeded in both medium acidic as well as alkaline phases. Particular attention is given to produce green clean hydrogen production from usable water and its physical and chemical storages for further uses for the support of human sustainability. Basically the recent strategy is to prepare, design and development of nanoscale materials/composite with non-noble metals and with also nanostructured with noble-metals will be discussed in this approach. The increased efficiency and utility have been the focal points of the use of diverse materials from different classes. To increase the electro-catalytic efficiency in OER and HER, we will discuss about new analyses methods and insights into studying the chemical compositions, shapes, surface area, porosity, and synergy of catalysts and the active sites of nanostructured electro-catalysts. This review will further provide the picture of current state of developments as well as recent progress for mechanized efficient production of clean hydrogen (i.e., HER) from water by electrocatalytic method using various nanoscale materials in a broad scale.
Ab initio study of surfaces of lead and tin based metal halide perovskite structures
Authors: Kuper Henning , Jörg August Becker
Published: July 2024

Hybrid perovskite materials, known for their potential in cost-effective optoelectronic applications, face a knowledge gap in crucial areas, particularly the atomic-level properties of the surface. This study addresses this challenge by refining ab initio methods for characterizing surface structures of cubic methylammonium lead bromide and methylammonium tin bromide (MAMeBr3 with Me = Sn, Pb), avoiding superficial restrictions in atomic movement during geometry optimization. The resulting structures confirmed nearly random MA+ molecule alignment, comparable to real-world experimental conditions. Calculating surface energies for these structures with crystal orientations {100} and {110}, each with different terminations, provides valuable insights into structural properties. Using a carefully chosen thermodynamic reference state, mimicking experimental conditions enables a thermodynamic discussion and facilitates the modulation of the MeBr2 component’s chemical potential. This modulation, in turn, allows for the prediction of crystal morphologies, as illustrated by Wulff’s construction. This approach establishes a crucial link between theoretical predictions and experimental conditions, shedding light on the complexities of hybrid perovskite materials.
The Omiwatari Religious Ritual: An Example of Climate Change-Driven Loss of Intangible Cultural Heritage
Authors: Puig Daniel
Published: July 2024

Climate change impacts can lead to irreversible losses for which there is no possible substitute, such as the loss of homelands, unique landscapes, or biological species. What constitutes loss, why, and for whom may vary substantially depending on the specific loss concerned. Such variation has practical and ethical implications for the design of responses to loss. This article reports on one such incommensurable losses, namely Omiwatari, an ancient Shinto ritual that is at risk from climate change impacts. This case illustrates the practical and ethical implications referred to above and underscores how ill-prepared society is to manage this type of losses, which are expected to become more widespread. Preparing for these losses involves both assessing impending losses and empowering communities to frame responses to loss. The article concludes with a reflection on two knowledge gaps, namely the notions of human-value trade-offs and value-triggered behaviour. In sum, the case raises awareness about a consequence of climate change that currently escapes decision-making metrics, illustrates the difficulties associated with managing it, and provides pointers on how to do so.
Optimization of wood-plastic composites by response surface method
Authors: Ji Feng
Published: July 2024

To improve the material properties of wood-plastic composite, poplar fiber and polyethylene powder were used as the main components, a hot-press experiment was conducted using response surface methodology, and the relationship between processing parameters (wood/plastic ratio, hot-press pressure, and time) and experimental result (internal bond strength and thickness swelling) were explored. According to the experimental results, the increasing wood/plastic ratio led to the lower internal bond strength and higher thickness swelling. However, with the increase of both hot-press pressure and time, internal bond strength increased first and then decreased, and thickness swelling decreased first and then increased. Meanwhile, two mathematical models were developed with high feasibility, and the significance of the influence of each term in the models was also analyzed. The models were able to predict and optimize internal bond strength and thickness swelling. Finally, optimal processing parameters were determined as wood/plastic ratio of 1.09, hot-press pressure of 198.38 MPa, and hot-press time of 8.31 s, with respect to the higher internal bond strength and the lower thickness swelling. This work hopes to provide scientific support for the industrial processing of wood-plastic composite.
Swelling of cellulosic fibers in aqueous systems: A Review of chemical and mechanistic factors
Authors: Hubbe Martin A. , Sjöstrand Björn , Lestelius Magnus , Håkansson Helena , Swerin Agne , Henriksson Gunnar
Published: July 2024

Factors affecting the swelling of cellulosic fibers are considered in this review. Emphasis is placed on aqueous systems and papermaking fibers, but the review also considers cellulose solvent systems, nanocellulose research, and the behavior of cellulosic hydrogels. The topic of swelling of cellulosic fibers ranges from effects of humid air, continuing through water immersion, and extends to hydrogels and the dissolution of cellulose, as well as some of its derivatives. The degree of swelling of cellulose fibers can be understood as involving a balance between forces of expansion (especially osmotic pressure) vs. various restraining forces, some of which involve the detailed structure of layers within the fibril structure of the fibers. The review also considers hornification and its effects related to swelling. The expansive forces are highly dependent on ionizable groups, pH, and the ionic strength of solution. The restraining forces depend on the nature of lignin, cellulose, and their detailed structural arrangements.