bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: ALKYLATION OF SILVER(I) WITH TETRAAETHYLLEAD
Authors: CLINTON N. A. , KOCHI J. K.
Published: March 2016

Die Alkylierung von Silbertrifluormethansulfonat (I) durch Tetraäthylblei (II) in einem protischen und einem aprotischen Lösungsmittel wird untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: THE MONOALKYLATION OF PRIMARY NITRILES USING LITHIUM DIALKYLAMIDES
Authors: WATT D. S.
Published: March 2016

Aus den Nitrilen (I) entstehen mit Lithium‐dialkylamiden (II) entsprechende Anionen, die durch Alkylierungsmittel (III) vorzugsweise zu Mono‐ (IV) neben Dialkylierungsprodukten (V) substituiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF SOME DICYANOPYRIDINES WITH METHYLMAGNESIUM IODIDE, OBSERVATION OF THE NUCLEAR OVERHAUSER EFFECT IN THE PRESENCE OF NMR SHIFT REAGENT
Authors: SKALA V. , KUTHAN J. , DEDINA J. , SCHRAML J.
Published: March 2016

Bei der Reaktion der Dicyanpyridine (I) mit jeweils einer CN‐Gruppe in 2‐Stellung mit dem Jodid (II) werden nur Produkte erhalten, die durch Angriff auf die Nitrilgruppen gebildet werden.
ChemInform Abstract: THE SYNTHESIS, STEREOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE ASSIGNMENTS OF POLYCYCLIC CYCLOPENTANONES OBTAINED BY IRON CARBONYL INDUCED COUPLING OF OLEFINS TO CARBON MONOXIDE
Authors: MANTZARIS J. , WEISSBERGER E.
Published: March 2016

Beim Erhitzen der cyclischen Olefine (I) bzw. (III) in Gegenwart von Fe(CO)5 erfolgt Kupplung zu den Ketonen (II) bzw. (IV) (90‐MHz‐Spektren).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF SODIUM BIS‐(2‐ALKOXYETHOXY)ALUMINIUM HYDRIDES PART 3, SIMULTANEOUS HYDROGENOLYSIS AND ALKYLATION OF AROMATIC KETONES BY SODIUM BIS‐(2‐METHOXYAETHOXY)ALUMINIUM HYDRIDE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
Authors: CERNY M. , MALEK J.
Published: March 2016

E? Bei der Hydrogenolyse von Benzophenon (I) mit dem Alanat (II) in Propylbenzol bei 162°C treten neben Hydrierungs‐ auch Alkylierungs‐, Dimerisi.erungs‐ und Cycloalkylie rungsreaktionen unter Bildung der Produkte (III)‐(V) ein; als Endprodukte der Reak tion werden (IIId) (77% Ausbeute) und (IIIe) (1 1%) isoliert.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF DIALKYLCHLOROBORANES WITH LITHIUM ALDIMINES, A NEW METHOD FOR SYNTHESIS OF UNSYMMETRICAL KETONES VIA ORGANOBORANES
Authors: YAMAMOTO Y. , KONDO K. , MORITANI I.
Published: March 2016

Aus den Olefinen (I) erhält man mit Chlorboran (II) die Dialkylchlorborane (III), die mit dem aus tert.‐Butylisonitril (IV) und Organolithium‐Verbindung (V) erhaltenen Addukt (VI) umgesetzt und denn mit Wasserstoffperoxid zum Keton (IX) verseift werden, wobei die Zwischenstufen (VII) und (VIII) anzunehmen sind.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESE VON ALPHA,BETA‐BIS‐(HEXAFLUORDIMETHYLHYDROXYLAMINO)‐AETHYLSCHWEFELPENTAFLUORID UND ALPHA,BETA‐DICHLORPROPYLSCHWEFELPENTAFLUORID
Authors: VOROB'EV M. D. , FILATOV A. S. , ENGLIN M. A.
Published: March 2016

Die Reaktion der Vinylverbindung (I) mit dem N‐Oxid (II) bei 25°C liefert glatt das Addukt (III).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF TRITHIOCYCLOPROPENYL CATION WITH SOME NUCLEOPHILES
Authors: YOSHIDA Z. , YONEDA S. , MIYAMOTO T. , MIKI S.
Published: March 2016

Bei der Behandlung mit Anilin (IIa) oder N‐Methyl‐anilin (IIb) erhält man aus dem Trithiocyclopropenyl‐Kation (I) die Salze (III) 0 (IV) unter Erhalt der Ringstruktur.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF TCNQ WITH PLATINUM DITHIOLATES
Authors: MAAS E. T.
Published: March 2016

Aus dem Tetracyano‐chinodirnethan (I) und den Pt(II)‐Dithiolaten der Dithiole (II) und (III) werden verschiedene Platin‐ freie Komplexsalze hergestellt und charakterisiergLB.
ChemInform Abstract: BIS‐(TRIFLUORACETOXY)‐JODIERUNG VON AROMATEN
Authors: MALETINA I. I. , ORDA V. V. , YAGUPOL'SKII L. M.
Published: March 2016

Durch Oxidation der Benzole (I) mit äquimolaren Mengen des J od‐tris‐[trifluoracetats] (II) in Trifluoressigsäure‐Trifluoressigsäureanhydrid bei ‐30 bis +5°C lassen sich die Jodosoben2ol‐bis‐[trifluoracetate] (III) darstellen.
ChemInform Abstract: THE MILD DEOXYMATION REACTION OF KETOXIMES WITH THE DIOXYGEN COMPLEX OF PALLADIUM
Authors: MAEDA K. , MORITANI I. , HOSOKAWA T. , MURAHASHI S. I.
Published: March 2016

Dibenzylketoxim (I) reagiert mit Tetrakis‐triphenylphosphin‐palladium (II) bei 25°C zum Keton (III).
ChemInform Abstract: CARBOXYVINYLATION, A ONE‐STEP SYNTHESIS OF ALPHA,BETA‐UNSATURATED ACIDS
Authors: KOPPEL G. A. , KINNICK M. D.
Published: March 2016

Dibenzylphosphit (I) liefert mit Methyllithium und Methyljodid den Methylphosphonester (II), der mit Methyllithium und Kohlendioxid direkt in die Carbonsäure (III) übergeführt werden kann.
ChemInform Abstract: ALPHA,BETA‐DIFLUOR‐ZIMTSAEURE
Authors: SEVAST'YAN A. P. , KHRANOVSKII V. A. , FIALKOV YU. A. , YAGUPOL'SKII L. M.
Published: March 2016

Eine durch Spuren von Wasser katalysierte Kondensation des Trifluorstyrols (I) mit NaCN in Acetonitril bei 90°C liefert ein 1:3‐cis: trans‐Gemisch des Nitrils (II).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESE VON PHENYLGLYOXYLSAEURE‐DERIVATEN
Authors: GLUSHKOV R. G. , KORETSKAYA N. I. , LIZGUNOVA M. V. , MARKOVA I. G. , POLIEVKTOV M. K.
Published: March 2016

Eine durch Piperidin (II) katalysierte Oxidation des Phenylcyanessigesters (I) mit O2 in Dimethylformamid (DMFA) bei 70°C liefert das Phenylglyoxylsäurepiperidid (III); wird die Oxidation in Gegenwart von Phenyltrimethylammoniumäthylat bei 120‐125°C durchgeführt, so erhält man Phenylglyoxylsäureäthylester (Ausbeute 45%).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF N‐HALOAMIDE PART 19, REACTION OF ACETALS WITH N,N‐DIBROMOBENZENESULFONAMIDE
Authors: KAMIYA Y. , TAKEMURA S.
Published: March 2016

Die Umsetzung der Acetale (Ib)‐(Ie) mit N,N‐Dibrombenzolsulfonamid (II) in Tetrachlorkohlenstoff führt unter oxidativer Spaltung der C‐O‐Bindung und gleichzeitiger Bromierung in60‐82%igerAusbeute zu den bromierten Estern (IIIb)‐(IIIe).
ChemInform Abstract: DERIVATE VON BETA‐KETOSULFONEN 9. MITT. REAKTION VON ARENSULFONYLTHIOGLYOXYLSAEUREAMID‐ARYLHYDRAZONEN MIT ARYLDIAZONIUMSALZEN
Authors: NEPLYUEV V. M. , LEKAR' M. G. , DUBENKO R. G. , PEL'KIS P. S.
Published: March 2016

Durch Addition von H2S an die Nitrile (I) in Gegenwart von Triäthylamin in Pyridin bei 25°C lassen sich die Thiocarbonsäureamide (II) darstellen.
ChemInform Abstract: THE FORMATION AND STRUCTURE OF PHENYLCAMPHORIC ACID AND RELATED COMPOUNDS
Authors: BIRD C. W. , YEONG Y. C.
Published: March 2016

Die vollständige Struktur und Stereochemie der aus (+)‐Camphersäureanhydrid (I) durch Friedel‐Crafts‐Reaktion mit Benzol (II) nach Literaturangaben erhältlichen (+)‐Phenylcamphersäure (III) werden bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: EINWIRKUNG VON ELEKTROPHILEN AUF POLYFLUORAROMATEN 9. MITT. REAKTION VON 1‐H‐HEPTAFLUORNAPHTHALIN MIT NITRIERENDEN AGENTIEN
Authors: OSINA O. I. , SHTEINGARTS V. D.
Published: March 2016

Hauptprodukt der Nitrierung des Heptafluornaphthalins (I) mit NO2BF4 in Sulfolan bei 20°C ist das Nitroheptafluornaphthalin (II); in geringeren Mengen entstehen auch die Oktafluornitrodihydronaphthaline (VII) und (VIII) (Ausbeute je etwa 19%).
ChemInform Abstract: FURAN DERIVATIVES PART 49, TRANSMISSION OF POLAR EFFECTS IN 4‐SUBSTITUTED 5‐PHENYL‐2‐FURANCARBOXYLIC ACIDS
Authors: KRUTOSIKOVA A. , KOVAC J. , RENTKA J. , CAKRT M.
Published: March 2016

Die Titelverbindungen, z.B. (I) 02‐40% Ausbeute), werden aus den diazotierten entsprechend substituierten Anilinen mit Furan‐2‐carbonsäure in Gegenwart von CuCl2 dargestellt und mit Diazomethan in die Methylester (1 l‐96% Ausbeute) übergeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: NONCLASSICAL CONDENSED THIOPHENES PART 4, DERIVATIVES OF THIENO(3,4‐C)FURAN‐S(IV) AND THIENO(3,4‐C)PYRROLE‐S(IV)
Authors: CAVA MICHAEL P. , SPRECKER MARK A. , HALL WILLIAM ROY
Published: March 2016

Reduktion des Diketons (I) führt zum Diol (II), das bei Behandlung mit P255 die Furane (III)‐(V) ergibt.
ChemInform Abstract: INTRAMOLEKULARE ADDITIONEN ALPHA‐LITHIIERTER AMIDE, EINE NEUE SYNTHESE VON 2‐ARYL‐ UND 2‐VINYLINDOLEN
Authors: GREUTER HANS , SCHMID HANS
Published: March 2016

Das Benzophenon (I) wurde mit den Alkylhalogeniden(IIa‐c) bzw.(IIe) zu den Derivaten (III) alkyliert; (IIId) wurde durch Benzoylierung von Z‐Methylamino‐S‐chlorbenzophenon erhalten (94% Ausbeute).
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES OF HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS PART 2, ACETYL TRANSFER REACTIONS OF 3‐ACETOXY‐1‐ACETYL‐5‐METHYLPYRAZOLE AND THE RELATED COMPOUNDS
Authors: ARAKAWA K. , MIYASAKA T. , OCHI H.
Published: March 2016

2‐Acetyl‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methylpyrazol (I) lagert sich durch Erhitzen in Pyridin auf 100°C in 1‐Acetyl‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methylpyrazol (II) um, das in Polyphosphorsäure (PPS) bei 100°C weiter in 4‐Acetyl‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methylpyrazol (III) übergeht.
ChemInform Abstract: DERIVATE DES 1,2‐DIHYDROBENZIMIDAZOLS 9. MITT. REAKTIONEN VON NITROBENZAZOLINEN MIT ELEKTROPHILEN
Authors: GIRSHOVICH M. Z. , EL'TSOV A. V.
Published: March 2016

Die Dimethylbenzimidazoline (I) gehen unter der Einwirkung von Dimethylsulfat in Acetonitril bei 150°C in Gemische der Benzimidazoliumsalze (II) mit den Phenylen‐ l diaminen (III) über.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLIC MESO‐IONIC COMPOUNDS PART 10, SYNTHESIS, SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES, AND CHEMISTRY OF 1,3,4‐THIADIAZOLIUM‐2‐AMINIDES AND THEIR REARRANGEMENT TO 1,3,4‐TRIAZOLIUM‐2‐THIOLATES
Authors: OLLIS W. DAVID , RAMSDEN CHRISTOPHER A.
Published: March 2016

Hydrazine, wie z.B. (I), reagieren mit den entsprechenden Isocyaniddichloriden (II) zu den Thiadiazoliumchloriden (III), die bei Behandlung mit NH3 in CHCl3 die Thiadiazoliumaminide (IV) ergeben.
ChemInform Abstract: REDUCTIVE REMOVAL OF MERCAPTO GROUPS FROM 1,3,4‐THIADIAZOLES
Authors: HOFF S.
Published: March 2016

2,5‐Dimercapto‐l ,3,4‐thiadiazol (I) reagiert mit zwei Mol Na in flüssigem Ammoniak zum Dianion (II), das mit weiterem Natrium zum acyclischen Salz (III) gespalten wird.
ChemInform Abstract: NEUROTROPIC AND PSYCHOTROPIC AGENTS PART 70, 8‐ALKYL‐ AND 8‐CYCLOALKYL‐10‐PIPERAZINODIBENZO(B,F)THIEPINS
Authors: VALENTA V. , METYSOVA J. , SEDIVY Z. , PROTIVA M.
Published: March 2016

Durch Kondensation der entsprechenden 4‐substituierten Thiophenole mit o‐J odbenzoesäure in Gegenwart von KOH werden die Derivate (I) erhalten, die durch Reduktion mit dem Alanat (II) und anschließende Behandlung mit SOCI, die Benzyl‐ Chloride (III) geben.
ChemInform Abstract: LAYERED COMPOUNDS PART 20, SOME HETEROPHANES LAYERED WITH CONDENSED AROMATIC NUCLEI
Authors: MIZOGAMI S. , OSAKA N. , OTSUBO T. , SAKATA Y. , MISUMI S.
Published: March 2016

Bei der gemeinsamen Pyrolyse der beiden Ammoniumverbindungen (I) und (II) erhält man in siedendem Xyloli mit katalytischen Mengen an Phenothiazin die beiden unsymmetrischen Kondensate (III) und (IV) sowie die Homo‐Kondensate (V)‐(VII) und Polymere.
ChemInform Abstract: THE REACTION OF ALKYNES WITH DICHLOROBORANE ETHYL ETHERATE IN THE PRESENCE OF BORON TRICHLORIDE, A SIMPLE, GENERAL SYNTHESIS OF ALKENYLDICHLOROBORANES
Authors: BROWN H. C. , RAVINDRAN N.
Published: March 2016

Die durch Bortrichlorid (III) induzierte Hydroborierung von Alkinen (I) mit Dichlorboran‐äthylätherat (II) in Pentan bei 0°C führt zur Bildung von Alkenyldichlorboranen (IV) und Bortrichloridätherat (V).
ChemInform Abstract: KNOEVENAGEL KONDENSATIONEN MIT TICL4/BASE 4. MITT. UMSETZUNGEN VON ALDEHYDEN UND KETONEN MIT PHOSPHONOESSIGESTER UND METHYLENDIPHOSPHONSAEUREESTERN
Authors: LEHNERT W.
Published: March 2016

Aliphatische und aromatische Aldehyde und aromatische Ketone (II) lassen sich mit dem Phosphonoessigester (I) in Gegenwart von TiCl4 und Basen in THF zu den Alky1iden‐ bzw. Arylidenverbindungen (III) umsetzen.
ChemInform Abstract: SELENABENZENES PART 2, REACTION MECHANISM OF 9‐PHENYLSELENOXANTHYLIUM SALT WITH ORGANOMETALLIC REAGENTS, ON 10‐SELENAANTHRACENE AND SELENOXANTHENE DERIVATIVES
Authors: HORI M. , KATAOKA T. , SHIMIZU H. , HSUE C. F. , ASAHI Y. , MIZUTA E.
Published: March 2016

Verschiedene Organo‐Selenverbindungen werden entsprechend dem Formelschema dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: SELENOXANTHYLIUM SALTS PART 1, NITRATION OF 9‐PHENYL‐SELENOXANTHYLIUM PERCHLORATE
Authors: HORI M. , KATAOKA T. , HSUE C. F.
Published: March 2016

Durch Nitrierung von 9‐Phenyl‐selenoxanthyliumperchlorat (I) mit äquimolaren Mengen Salpetersäure (in Schwefelsäure) bei ‐70°C wird in 54%iger Ausbeute ein 1:1,5‐Gemisch aus 9‐(p‐Nitrophenyl)‐ (IIa) und 9‐(m‐Nitrophenyl)‐selenoxanthenol (IIb) erhalten, das sich in siedender Ameisensäure in Gegenwart von etwa Soda in 91%iger Ausbeute zu einem Gemisch der 9‐Nitrophenylselenoxanthene (III) desoxygenieren läßt. Reduktion dieser Verbindungen mit Zinn(II)‐chlorid und anschließende Acetylierung mit Essigsäureanhydrid führen zu den Acetylamino‐Verbindungen (IVa) und (IVb).
ChemInform Abstract: SELENABENZENES PART 1, SYNTHESIS OF 10‐SELENAANTHRACENE DERIVATIVES
Authors: HORI M. , KATAOKA T. , HSUE C. F.
Published: March 2016

Auf dem im Formelschema angegebenen Wegen werden verschiedene Selenaanthraoene dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: ACTIVATED METALS PART 4, PREPARATION AND REACTIONS OF HIGHLY REACTIVE MAGNESIUM METAL
Authors: RIEKE REUBEN D. , BALES STEPHEN E.
Published: March 2016

Die Reduktion anorganischer Mg‐Salze ( ;z.B. MgClg) mit Koder Na in Lösungsmitteln wie THF, Diglyme liefert Mg‐Metall in Form eines feinverteilten schwarzen Pulvers, das gegenüber Alkyl‐ und Arylhalogeniden wie (I)‐(V) ungewöhnliche Reaktivität aufweist.
ChemInform Abstract: STERIC COURSE OF THE ADDITION OF NUCLEOPHILES TO 2‐PHENYL‐1,3‐DIOXAN‐5‐ONE, STEREOSPECIFIC SYNTHESIS OF 5‐SUBSTITUTED 1,3‐DIOXANES BY APPLICATION OF DIMROTH′S PRINCIPLE
Authors: JOCHIMS J. C. , KOBAYASHI Y. , SKRZELEWSKI E.
Published: March 2016

Die Umsetzung des 2‐Phenyl‐1,3‐dioxan‐5‐ons (I) mit den Organometallverbindungen (II) zu den isomeren Addukten (III) und (IV) sowie deren Äquilibrierung werden untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: BROMOAQUO‐COMPLEXES OF TITANIUM(III)
Authors: ADNITT SHEILA E. , BARR DAVID W. , NICHOLLS DAVID , SEDDON KENNETH R.
Published: March 2016

TiBr3 und Cs‐, Rb‐, Pyridinium‐ oder Chinoliniumbromid reagieren in HBr‐Lösung unter Ausschluß von Sauerstoff zu den Komplexsalzen (Ia) und (Ib) sowie (II).
ChemInform Abstract: COORDINATION ISOMERS OF BIOLOGICAL IRON TRANSPORT COMPOUNDS PART 1, MODELS FOR THE SIDEROCHROMES, THE GEOMETRICAL AND OPTICAL ISOMERS OF TRIS‐(N‐METHYL‐L‐MENTHOXYACETHYDROXAMATO)CHROMIUM(III)
Authors: LEONG JOHN , RAYMOND KENNETH N.
Published: March 2016

Die isomeren Titelkomplexe wurden durch Reaktion von CrCl3 und der substituierten Hydroxamsäure in THF in Gegenwart geringer Mengen Pyridin dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: SUBSTITUTION DER CARBONYLLIGANDEN DURCH DONORLIGANDEN IN VOM BENCHROTREN ABGELEITETEN KOMPLEXEN
Authors: JAOUEN G. , DABARD R.
Published: March 2016

Die Bestrahlung des Benchrotren ‐Derivats (I) in benzolischer Lösung in Anwesenheit von Triphenylphosphin (II) bzw. der Phosphite (V) liefert unter Ersatz eines oder zweier CO‐Liganden die Komplexe (III) bzw. (VI) und (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: UEBER CHROMCARBONYLKOMPLEXE PHENYLSUBSTITUIERTER PYRIDINE
Authors: DEBERITZ J. , NOETH N.
Published: March 2016

Die Einwirkung der Hexacarbonyle (I) auf 4‐Phenylpyridin (II) in THF bei Raumtemperatur und photochemischer Initiierung führt zur Bildung der Pentacarbonylpyridin‐Komplexe (III).
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANONITROGEN GROUPS IN METAL CARBONYL COMPLEXES PART 6, STUDIES ON THE SYNTHESIS OF (PI‐C5H5)MO(CO)2N/CR2 COMPLEXES
Authors: KEABLE H. R. , KILNER M. , ROBERTSON E. E.
Published: March 2016

Der Einfluß der Substanzen Lauf die Reaktion zwischen den Carbonyl‐Komplexen (II) und dem Li‐methylenamid (III), in deren Gegenwart die Methylenamino‐Komplexe (I) und deren Abwesenheit die Azaallyl‐Komplexe (IV) gebildet werden, wird untersucht und im Hinblick auf den Reaktionsmechanismus diskutiert.
ChemInform Abstract: THE ADDITION OF TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE AND PYRIDINE TO CYCLOHEXADIENYL‐ AND CYCLOHEPTADIENYL‐IRON TRICARBONYL CATIONS
Authors: EVANS J. , HOWE D. V. , JOHNSON B. F. G. , LEWIS J.
Published: March 2016

Die Addition von Triphenylphosphin (II) an die Cyclohexadienyl‐ bzw. Cycloheptadienyl‐eisentricarbonyl‐Komplexe (I) führt zur Bildung von Phosphonium‐Komplexen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: FORMATION OF HYDRIDOIRON TETRACARBONYL ANION FROM IRON PENTACARBONYL UNDER CARBON MONOXIDE PRESSURE
Authors: WADA F. , MATSUDA T.
Published: March 2016

Eine Mischung aus Eisenpentacarbonyl (I), Trimethylamin (II) und Wasser (III) in Methanol ergibt bei dreistündigem Erhitzen auf 100°C unter einem Kohlenmonoxid‐ Druck von 15 at eine Mischung bestehend aus (I) und dem stabilen Hydridoanion (V).
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDATION OF FERROCENYLACETONITRILE
Authors: KONDO T. , YAMAMOTO K. , KUMADA M.
Published: March 2016

Ferrocenylacetonitril (I) setzt sich mit den H‐aktiven Verbindungen (II) in Anwesenheit von Eisen(III)‐chlorid zu den Ferrocenderivaten (IV) um, deren IR‐ und NMR‐ Spektren mitgeteilt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: UEBER NITROSYL‐METALL‐KOMPLEXE 15. MITT. DIE REAKTION VON ORGANO‐KOBALTVERBINDUNGEN MIT NO UND OLEFINEN EINE NEUE DREIKOMPONENTENSYNTHESE
Authors: BRUNNER H. , LOSKOT S.
Published: March 2016

Die Kobalt‐Komplexe (I) und (IV) reagieren mit Stickstoffmonoxid (II) und den Olefinen (V)‐(XII) zu den Komplexen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: DIMETHYLGOLD(III) COMPLEXES OF SALICYLALDIMINE SCHIFF BASES
Authors: MURRAY K. S. , REICHERT B. E. , WEST B. O.
Published: March 2016

Der Gold‐Komplex (I) reagiert mit den Thallium(I)‐salzen der Schiffschen Basen (II), (IV) und (VI) zu den Komplexen (III), (V) und (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF RU3(CO)12 WITH NITROBENZENE AND ANILINE
Authors: SAPPA E. , MILONE L.
Published: March 2016

Nitrobenzol (I) und das Rutheniumcarbonyl (II) setzen sich im Molverhältnis 20:1 zu den dreikernigen Ruthenium‐Komplexen (III) und (IV) um.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF NORBORNENES WITH PHENYLPALLADIUM CHLORIDE
Authors: HORINO H. , ARAI M. , INOUE N.
Published: March 2016

Norbornen (I) reagiert mit den Arylquecksilberchloriden (IIa)‐(IIc) und Lithiumpalladiumchlorid (III) zu den Addukten (IVa)‐(IVc), aus denen zahlreiche Komplexe wie (Va)‐(Vc) bzw. (VI) hergestellt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: NITROGEN‐CONTAINING CARBOHYDRATE DERIVATIVES PART 30, PREPARATION AND REACTIONS OF METHYL 4,6‐O‐BENZYLIDENE‐2,3‐DIDEOXY‐2,3‐EPIMINO‐D‐GULO‐ AND ‐D‐TALOPYRANOSIDES
Authors: GUTHRIE R. D. , LIEBMANN JOHN A.
Published: March 2016

Die aus den Galactopyranosiden (I) (z.T.
ChemInform Abstract: VERBESSERTE CHROMATOGRAPHISCHE TRENNUNG VON OLIGONUCLEOTIDEN
Authors: KOESTER HUBERT , KAISER WOLFGANG
Published: March 2016

Die Trennung größerer Mengen von Oligonucleotiden bei schrittweiser Synthese ist säulenchromatographisch in einem Durchlauf möglich durch Verwendung von geeigneten Alkoholgemischen (Methanol/Isopropylalkohol), durch Verwendung von Ionenstärkegradienten geeigneter Steilheit und durch die Technik, den Ionengra‐v dienten anzuhalten, wenn eine Verbindung eluiert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF (2‐P‐FLUOROPHENYLALANIN)OXYTOCIN AND ITS DESAMINO ANALOGUE USING THE S‐ACETAMIDOMETHYL PROTECTING GROUP
Authors: MARBACH PETER , RUDINGER JOSEF
Published: March 2016

Durch schrittweisen Aufbau nach üblichen Methoden werden ausgehend vom bekannten Tripeptid (I) zunächst die linearen Peptide (II) synthetisiert, bei denen die S‐Gruppe des Cysteins: bzw. des Desaminocysteins durch die Acetylaminomethylgruppe geschützt ist.
ChemInform Abstract: PEPTIDE 97. MITT. SYNTHESE DER SCHAFINSULIN‐A‐KETTE MIT 6‐11‐DISULFIDRING 1. MITT.
Authors: WITTINGHOFER ALFRED
Published: March 2016

Für die Synthese der Titelverbindung (I) werden die Fragmente (II), (III) und (IV) nach bekannten Methoden aufgebaut.
ChemInform Abstract: New High‐Pressure Gallium Borate Ga2B3O7(OH) with Photocatalytic Activity.
Authors: Vitzthum Daniela , Schauperl Michael , Strabler Christof M. , Brueggeller Peter , Liedl Klaus R. , Griesser Ulrich J. , Huppertz Hubert
Published: March 2016

Ga2B3O7(OH) is prepared by hot pressing of a stoichiometric mixture of β‐Ga2O3 and H3BO3 (Pt capsule in α‐BN multianvil apparatus, 10.5 GPa, 700 °C, 5 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Bismuth Undecahydro‐closo‐dodecaborane: A Retainable Intermediate of B—H Bond Activation by Bismuth(III) Cations.
Authors: Zimmermann Lucas W. , Van Nguyen‐Duc , Gudat Dietrich , Schleid Thomas
Published: March 2016

Bi[B12H12]·3H2O (I) and Bi[B12H12]·6H2O (II) are obtained by dehydration of an aqueous mixture of Bi2O3(CO3) and (H3O)[B12H12] at 40 °C.
ChemInform Abstract: Ni5.73InSe2 — A Metal‐Rich Selenide Based on the Cu3Au‐Type 2D Heterometallic Framework: Synthesis, Structure, and Bonding.
Authors: Kuznetsov Alexey N. , Serov Alexey A.
Published: March 2016

Single crystals of Ni5.73InSe2 are prepared by solid state reaction of the elements (6:1:2 or 9:2:2 ratio; evacuated silica tubes, 650 °C, 7 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc Acetate‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrosilylation of Ketones.
Authors: Szewczyk Marcin , Stanek Filip , Bezlada Agata , Mlynarski Jacek
Published: March 2016

The enantioselective hydrosilylation of a broad range of aryl ketones succeeds using a stable and inexpensive zinc salt together with easily accessible chiral diamine ligands.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(II) Acetate Catalyzed Ring‐Opening Cross‐Coupling of Cyclopropanols with Sulfonyl Azides.
Authors: Shen Mei‐Hua , Lu Xiao‐Long , Xu Hua‐Dong
Published: March 2016

The title reaction affords various β‐amino ketones in medium to high yields with good functional group compatibility.
ChemInform Abstract: Diverting Hydrogenations with Wilkinson′s Catalyst Towards Highly Reactive Rhodium(I) Species.
Authors: Perea‐Buceta Jesus E. , Fernandez Israel , Heikkinen Sami , Axenov Kirill , King Alistair W. T. , Niemi Teemu , Nieger Martin , Leskelae Markku , Repo Timo
Published: March 2016

An unprecedented, facile, and efficient method to expand the reactivity of the benchmark catalyst, RhCl(PPh3)3, in situ without modifying its inner coordination sphere by simple addition of Barton′s base is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Stainless‐Steel Ball‐Milling Method for Hydro‐/Deuterogenation Using H2O/D2O as a Hydrogen/Deuterium Source.
Authors: Sawama Yoshinari , et al.
Published: March 2016

Hydrogen is generated from H2O in situ under ball‐milling conditions and is used in hydrogenation reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Trifluoromethylthiolation and Perfluoroalkylthiolation of C(sp2)—H Bonds with CF3SO2Na and RfSO2Na.
Authors: Jiang Lvqi , Qian Jinlong , Yi Wenbin , Lu Guoping , Cai Chun , Zhang Wei
Published: March 2016

The use of cheap F3C‐SO2Na and analogous perfluoroalkyl sulfinates is described to allow the direct perfluoroalkylthiolation of indoles, pyrroles, and enamines.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbocatalyzed Oxidative C(sp2)—C(sp2) Homocouplings of Benzo‐Fused Heterocycles.
Authors: Wirtanen Tom , Maekelae Mikko K. , Sarfraz Jawad , Ihalainen Petri , Hietala Sami , Melchionna Michele , Helaja Juho
Published: March 2016

Appropriate treatment of amorphous carbon with aqua regia or concentrated nitric acid leads to oxidized carbon material which is able to catalyze homocoupling reactions of benzo‐fused heterocycles as well as β‐naphthol.
ChemInform Abstract: Zn‐Mediated Reduction of Oxalyl Chloride Forming CO and Its Application in Carbonylation Reactions.
Authors: Markovic Martin , Lopatka Pavol , Koos Peter , Gracza Tibor
Published: March 2016

Oxalyl chloride is used as extremely efficient substitute for toxic gaseous CO in palladium‐catalyzed alkoxy‐/amino‐/hydrogen‐/hydroxycarbonylation reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Nonclassical Trienamine Activation in the Remote Alkylation of Furan Derivatives.
Authors: Skrzynska Anna , Przydacz Artur , Albrecht Lukasz
Published: March 2016

5‐Alkylfurfurals react with electrophilic nitroolefins at their exocyclic ε‐position via the intermediacy of a non‐classical catalytic trienamine intermediate affording the target compounds with two adjacent stereogenic centers in good to moderate stereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyaniline‐Induced C—H Arylation of Arenes with Arenediazonium Salts.
Authors: Amaya Toru , Hata Dai , Moriuchi Toshiyuki , Hirao Toshikazu
Published: March 2016

The direct arylation of various arenediazonium salts with arenes including heteroarenes such as furans, thiophenes, and pyrroles (Gomberg—Bachmann reaction) is promoted by a reduced form of polyaniline affording the cross‐coupling products under mild reaction conditions and low catalyst loading.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Aminoethylation of Indoles/Pyrroles with Alkynes and Sulfonyl Azides.
Authors: Rajasekar Shanmugam , Yadagiri Dongari , Anbarasan Pazhamalai
Published: March 2016

Various tryptamine derivatives are efficiently obtained by a general one‐pot aminoethylation of substituted indoles/pyrroles using a combination of sulfonyl azides and alkynes as readily available aminoethylating agents.
ChemInform Abstract: In situ Mechanochemical Synthesis of Nitrones Followed by 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition: A Catalyst‐Free, “Green” Route to cis‐Fused Chromano[4,3‐c]isoxazoles.
Authors: Bhutia Zigmee T. , Geethika P. , Malik Anurag , Kumar Vikash , Chatterjee Amrita , Roy Biswajit Gopal , Banerjee Mainak
Published: March 2016

The title synthesis involves hand‐grinding in a mortar‐pestle and features clean reaction, high yields, and short reaction time.
ChemInform Abstract: A Domino Green Method for the Rapid Synthesis of Novel Fused Isoquinoline Derivatives via Knoevenagel/Michael/Cyclization Reactions on Aqueous Media and Their Photophysical Properties.
Authors: Satish Kumar Nandigama , Chandrasekhara Rao L. , Jagadeesh Babu N. , Meshram H. M.
Published: March 2016

All products are fluorescent in solution.
ChemInform Abstract: Coumarin Substituted Pyrrolo‐Fused Heterocyclic Systems by 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditon Reactions.
Authors: Popa Marcel M. , Georgescu Emilian , Draghici Constantin , Georgescu Florentina , Dumitrascu Florea , Dumitrescu Denisa
Published: March 2016

The title heterocyclic systems are obtained by 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of in situ from several N‐heterocycles and chromenone (II) generated cycloimmonium‐ylides with electron‐deficient alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Some Derivatives of Pyrimido[5,4‐e]tetrazolo[5,1‐c][1,2,4]triazine; a Novel Heterocyclic System.
Authors: Noorolahian Negin , Shiri Ali
Published: March 2016

The parent compounds (I) are prepared via reaction of hydrazinyltetrazole with pyrimidine followed by treatment with secondary amines.
ChemInform Abstract: Activation of Isocyanides and Hydrosilanes by a Cationic [CCH] Subunit in a Tetrairon—Tetracarbon Cluster
Authors: Taniwaki Wataru , Ohta Shun , Okazaki Masaaki
Published: March 2016

Review: [27 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Extremely Bulky Amide Ligands in Main Group Chemistry
Authors: Kays Deborah L.
Published: March 2016

Review: [recent developments for these ligands with emphasis on their synthesis, structure and reactivity; 105 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Interplay of Method Development and Mechanistic Studies — From Aerobic Oxidative Coupling to Radical Reactions via Alkenyl Peroxides
Authors: Klussmann Martin , Schweitzer‐Chaput Bertrand
Published: March 2016

Review: [47 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Mesoionic Tetrazoles — Progress Since 1980
Authors: Moderhack Dietrich
Published: March 2016

Review: [46 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Annulation of Arenes with Alkynes Through Weak Chelation‐Assisted C—H Activation
Authors: Yang Yudong , Li Kaizhi , Cheng Yangyang , Wan Danyang , Li Mingliang , You Jingsong
Published: March 2016

Review: [34 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Developments in 1,2,5‐Triazepine Chemistry: Reactions and Synthetic Applications
Authors: Elattar Khaled M. , Abozeid Mohamed A. , Etman Hassan A.
Published: March 2016

Review: [59 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Isoindoloindolones ‐ Biological Activities and Syntheses
Authors: Kadam Hari K. , Tilve Santosh G.
Published: March 2016

Review: 32 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Chemistry of Selenium‐Containing Heterocycles: Five‐Membered Ring Systems
Authors: Elsherbini Mohamed , Hamama Wafaa S. , Zoorob Hanafi H.
Published: March 2016

Review: 248 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in Organometallic Synthesis with Mechanochemical Methods
Authors: Rightmire Nicholas R. , Hanusa Timothy P.
Published: March 2016

Review: 113 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed C—H Activation and Coupling Reactions in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Molnar Arpad , Papp Attila
Published: March 2016

Review: 233 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Supported Ionic Liquids: Efficient and Reusable Green Media in Organic Catalytic Chemistry
Authors: Xin Bingwei , Jia Chunxiao , Li Xinmin
Published: March 2016

Review: 139 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Oxidative and Decarboxylative Acylations Through Sp2 C—H Bond Activation
Authors: Sharma Satyasheel , Mishra Neeraj Kumar , Shin Youngmi , Kim In Su
Published: March 2016

Review: 119 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: New Approaches to Treating Pain
Authors: Wolkerstorfer Andrea , Handler Norbert , Buschmann Helmut
Published: March 2016

Review: 141 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Review of Solar Thermochemical Processes
Authors: Yadav Deepak , Banerjee Rangan
Published: March 2016

Review: 336 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Functional Architectures Derived from Guanine Quartets
Authors: Dash Jyotirmayee , Saha Puja
Published: March 2016

Review: [41 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Water Purification: Adsorption over Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Li Siqing , Chen Yifa , Pei Xiaokun , Zhang Shenghan , Feng Xiao , Zhou Junwen , Wang Bo
Published: March 2016

Review: 124 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Evolution and Enabling Capabilities of Spatially Resolved Techniques for the Characterization of Heterogeneously Catalyzed Reactions
Authors: Morgan Kevin , Touitou Jamal , Choi Jae‐Soon , Coney Ciaran , Hardacre Christopher , Pihl Josh A. , Stere Cristina E. , Kim Mi‐Young , Stewart Caomhan , Goguet Alexandre , et al.
Published: March 2016

Review: 178 refs.
Coronary Artery Calcium as an Independent Surrogate Marker in the Risk Assessment of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and an Intermediate Pretest Likelihood for Coronary Artery Disease Admitted to a German Chest Pain Unit
Authors: Breuckmann Frank , Olligs Jan , Hinrichs Liane , Koopmann Matthias , Lichtenberg Michael , Böse Dirk , Fischer Dieter , Eckardt Lars , Waltenberger Johannes , Garvey J. Lee
Published: March 2016

Background

About 10% of patients admitted to a chest pain unit (CPU) exhibit atrial fibrillation (AF).

Hypothesis

To determine whether calcium scores (CS) are superior over common risk scores for coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients presenting with atypical chest pain, newly diagnosed AF, and intermediate pretest probability for CAD within the CPU.

Methods

In 73 subjects, CS was related to the following risk scores: Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score, including a new model of a frequency‐normalized approach; Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction score; European Society of Cardiology Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE); Framingham risk score; and Prospective Cardiovascular Münster Study score. Revascularization rates during index stay were assessed.

Results

Median CS was 77 (interquartile range, 1–270), with higher values in men and the left anterior descending artery. Only the modified GRACE (ρ = 0.27; P = 0.02) and the SCORE (ρ = 0.39; P < 0.005) were significantly correlated with CS, whereas the GRACE (τ = 0.21; P = 0.04) and modified GRACE (τ = 0.23; P = 0.02) scores were significantly correlated with percentile groups. Only the CS significantly discriminated between those with and without stenosis (P < 0.01).

Conclusions

Apart from modified GRACE score, overall correlations between risk scores and calcium burden, as well as revascularization rates during index stay, were low. By contrast, the determination of CS may be used as an additional surrogate marker in risk stratification in AF patients with intermediate pretest likelihood for CAD admitted to a CPU.
Lymphocytosis after treatment with dasatinib in chronic myeloid leukemia: Effects on response and toxicity
Authors: Schiffer Charles A. , Cortes Jorge E. , Hochhaus Andreas , Saglio Giuseppe , le Coutre Philipp , Porkka Kimmo , Mustjoki Satu , Mohamed Hesham , Shah Neil P.
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND

The proliferation of clonal cytotoxic T‐cells or natural killer cells has been observed after dasatinib treatment in small studies of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).

METHODS

The incidence of lymphocytosis and its association with response, survival, and side effects were assessed in patients from 3 large clinical trials. Overall, 1402 dasatinib‐treated patients with newly diagnosed CML in chronic phase (CML‐CP), CML‐CP refractory/intolerant to imatinib, or with CML in accelerated or myeloid‐blast phase were analyzed.

RESULTS

Lymphocytosis developed in 32% to 35% of patients and persisted for >12 months. This was not observed in the patients who received treatment with imatinib. Dasatinib‐treated patients in all stages of CML who developed lymphocytosis were more likely to achieve a complete cytogenetic response, and patients who had CML‐CP with lymphocytosis were more likely to achieve major and deep molecular responses. Progression‐free and overall survival rates were significantly longer in patients with CML‐CP who were refractory to or intolerant of imatinib and had lymphocytosis. Pleural effusions developed more commonly in patients with lymphocytosis.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, lymphocytosis occurred and persisted in many dasatinib‐treated patients in all phases of CML. Its presence was associated with higher response rates, significantly longer response durations, and increased overall survival, suggesting an immunomodulatory effect. Prospective studies are warranted to characterize the functional activity of these cells and to assess whether an immunologic effect against CML is detectable. Cancer 2016;122:1398–1407. © 2016 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Cancer Society.
Nanomaterials and Technologies for Lithium‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors
Authors: Gu Haichen , Zhu Yuan‐En , Yang Jiqian , Wei Jinping , Zhou Zhen
Published: March 2016

For developing energy storage devices with both high energy and power density, lithium‐ion hybrid supercapacitors (LIHSs) are the optimal candidate to bridge the gap between lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and conventional supercapacitors. A LIHS consists of a capacitor‐type cathode and a LIB‐type anode. However, the particle size of LIB‐type anode materials should be within ≈10 nm to overcome the sluggish ion diffusion in the bulk. In addition, capacitor‐type cathode materials are required to possess high capacitance to match with LIB‐type anodes. Meanwhile, pre‐lithiation proves an effective strategy to achieve high cell voltages and high energy density accordingly. In this review we first summarize the requirement on electrode materials for LIHSs, and then propose two levels of LIHSs with the clarification of true LIHSs according to the energy and power density. Finally, we give an outlook for future LIHSs.
Determination of lateral block size and mosaicity of crystals using X‐ray diffraction from the edge of the sample
Authors: Serafińczuk Jarosław
Published: March 2016

In this paper a novel lateral block size characterization method based on X‐ray diffractometry (XRD) is presented. The developed method based on scans of plans perpendicular to the surface visible from the edge of the sample and subconsequent numerical analysis based on Scherrer equation. In presented investigations as a reference sample bulk GaN substrate fabricated by AMMONO Ltd. was used. The GaN layers deposited on sapphire substrate were investigated as a case of study. Moreover, a method of analyzing the magnitude of the tilt and twist mosaicity based on the scans of rocking curves and reciprocal lattice maps (RLM) from the edge of sample is presented. As an example for this methodology highly mosaicited SiC crystal was used. Presented approach allows to directly determine the value of the angular deviation of mosaicity in a direction perpendicular and parallel to the sample surface.
Boomers Like to Confront, Generation Y Is Okay with Withdrawal, But They All Love to Negotiate in India
Authors: Gupta Priya , Bhattacharya Sonali , Neelam Netra , Kunte Monika
Published: March 2016

This article compares the conflict resolution styles of the three generations in the Indian workforce today—baby boomers, generation X, and generation Y—based on a research sample size of 503 respondents. The questionnaire developed by Pareek and Purohit (2010) classifies conflict resolution styles into five categories: three approach‐based styles (confrontation, compromise, and negotiation) and two avoidance‐based styles (withdrawal and resignation). The study found that Indian workers by and large prefer approach‐based styles, with negotiation being the most preferred style across generations and gender. Baby boomers were found to have a significantly higher preference for confrontation than those in generation Y. Generation Y is significantly more likely than baby boomers to choose withdrawal as their conflict resolution style. In addition, male baby boomers are more likely than female boomers to use resignation as a conflict resolution style. The article discusses possible reasons for these findings in the Indian cultural context and suggests future research.
Genetic evidence for prevalence of alloparental care in a socially monogamous biparental cichlid fish, Perissodus microlepis, from Lake Tanganyika supports the “selfish shepherd effect” hypothesis
Authors: Lee Hyuk Je , Heim Valentin , Meyer Axel
Published: March 2016

Alloparental care – care for unrelated young – is rare in animals, and its ecological or evolutionary advantages or, alternative maladaptive nature, remain unclear. We investigate alloparental care in the socially monogamous cichlid fish Perissodus microlepis from Lake Tanganyika that exhibits bi‐parental care. In a genetic parentage analysis, we discovered a surprisingly high percentage of alloparental care represented by brood mixing, extra‐pair paternity and extra‐pair maternity in all broods that we investigated. The percentage of nondescendant juveniles of other parents, i.e., brood mixing, ranged from 5% to 57% (mean = 28%). The distribution of genetic parentage also suggests that this socially monogamous species has, in fact, polygamous mating system. The prevalence of genetically mixed broods can be best explained by two, not mutually exclusive hypotheses on farming‐out and fostering behaviors. In the majority of broods, the sizes of the parents’ own (descendant) offspring were significantly larger than those of the adopted (nondescendant) juveniles, supporting the ‘selfish shepherd effect’ hypothesis, i.e., that foster parents preferentially accept unrelated “smaller or not larger” young since this would tend to lower the predation risks for their own larger offspring. There was also a tendency for larger parents particularly mothers, more so than smaller parents, to care predominantly for their own offspring. Larger parents might be better at defending against cuckoldry and having foreign young dumped into their broods through farming‐out behavior. This result might argue for maladaptive effects of allopatric care for the foster parents that only larger and possibly more experienced pairs can guard against. It needs to be determined why, apparently, the ability to recognize one's own young has not evolved in this species.
Energy‐Efficient Train Speed Profile Generator Combining Partial Energy‐Oriented Driving Approaches
Authors: KUMAZAWA KAZUMASA , SATO KEISUKE , OGAWA TOMOYUKI
Published: March 2016

One way of reducing the energy consumption of trains is to drive them in an energy‐efficient manner. There can be various driving patterns between two adjacent stops, or various speed profiles, because there is a gap called the running time supplement between the planned running time set in a timetable and the shortest possible running time of the train. Previous studies have proposed using up the supplement by changing the driving operation from powering to coasting at optimal points in terms of energy consumption. Others have shown that full use of regenerative braking helps save energy. In this study, we developed an energy‐efficient speed profile generator by combining these partial energy‐oriented driving approaches when the planned running time is given. We added this generator to existing shortest running time calculation software, so that it works for various vehicle and train route data. Numerical experiments showed that our profile provided superior performance compared to manually created ones for artificial and real data.
AhR modulates the IL‐22‐producing cell proliferation/recruitment in imiquimod‐induced psoriasis mouse model
Authors: Cochez Perrine M. , Michiels Camille , Hendrickx Emilie , Van Belle Astrid B. , Lemaire Muriel M. , Dauguet Nicolas , Warnier Guy , de Heusch Magali , Togbe Dieudonnée , Ryffel Bernhard , Coulie Pierre G. , Renauld Jean‐Christophe , Dumoutier Laure
Published: March 2016

IL‐22 has a detrimental role in skin inflammatory processes, for example in psoriasis. As transcription factor, AhR controls the IL‐22 production by several cell types (i.e. Th17 cells). Here, we analyzed the role of Ahr in IL‐22 production by immune cells in the inflamed skin, using an imiquimod‐induced psoriasis mouse model. Our results indicate that IL‐22 is expressed in the ear of imiquimod‐treated Ahr−/− mice but less than in wild‐type mice. We then studied the role of AhR on three cell populations known to produce IL‐22 in the skin: γδ T cells, Th17 cells, and ILC3, and a novel IL‐22‐producing cell type identified in this setting: CD4−CD8−TCRβ+ T cells. We showed that AhR is required for IL‐22 production by Th17, but not by the three other cell types, in the imiquimod‐treated ears. Moreover, AhR has a role in the recruitment of γδ T cells, ILC3, and CD4−CD8−TCRβ+ T cells into the inflamed skin or in their local proliferation. Taken together, AhR has a direct role in IL‐22 production by Th17 cells in the mouse ear skin, but not by γδ T cells, CD4−CD8−TCRβ+ T cells and ILCs.
Mechanochemical Synthesis of SiO44–‐Substituted Hydroxyapatite, Part III – Thermal Stability
Authors: Bulina Natalya V. , Chaikina Marina V. , Prosanov Igor Yu. , Gerasimov Konstantin B. , Ishchenko Arkady V. , Dudina Dina V.
Published: March 2016

Thermal stability of mechanochemically synthesized silicon‐substituted hydroxyapatite containing 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2 mol of silicon per mol of apatite unit cell has been studied for the first time. The powders of the silicon‐substituted hydroxyapatite were annealed within the temperature range 700–1300 °C. It was found that the substituted hydroxyapatites remain single‐phase after annealing at temperatures of up to 900 °C for all concentrations of added silicon. The second phase – silicocarnotite Ca5(PO4)2SiO4 – appears in the materials containing 1.0 and 1.2 mol of added silicon that have been annealed at 1000 °C. In the powder containing 0.8 mol of added silicon, silicocarnotite was detected after annealing at 1100 °C. The formation of silicocarnotite is likely to occur in the nanoparticles of the silicon‐substituted hydroxyapatite with silicon concentrations much higher than the average value. It was found that the silicon‐substituted hydroxyapatite containing 0.6 mol of silicon per mol of apatite unit cell has the highest thermal stability and remains single‐phase up to a temperature of 1200 °C, similarly to pure hydroxyapatite obtained by the same synthesis method.
Mimicry of the 2‐His‐1‐Carboxylate Facial Triad Using Bulky N,N,O‐Ligands: Non‐Heme Iron Complexes Featuring a Single Facial Ligand and Easily Exchangeable Co‐Ligands
Authors: Folkertsma Emma , de Waard Esther F. , Korpershoek Gerda , van Schaik Arnoldus J. , Solozabal Mirón Naiara , Borrmann Mandy , Nijsse Sjoerd , Moelands Marcel A. H. , Lutz Martin , Otte Matthias , Moret Marc‐Etienne , Klein Gebbink Robertus J. M.
Published: March 2016

Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Bert Klein Gebbink at Utrecht University, The Netherlands. The cover image shows the structures of the enzyme deacetoxycephalosporin C synthase (DAOCS) and its synthetic analogue.
Time‐Efficient Synthesis of Pyrido­[2,3‐d]pyrimidinones via α‐Oxoket­enes
Authors: Castillo Juan‐Carlos , Quiroga Jairo , Rodriguez Jean , Coquerel Yoann
Published: March 2016

α‐Oxoketene reactive intermediates generated in situ by microwave‐assisted Wolff rearrangement of 2‐diazo‐1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds have been found to react with 6‐aminopyrimidine derivatives as 1,3‐C,N‐bis‐nucleophiles to yield pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidinones and related compounds amenable to further functionalization.
Redistribution and export of contaminated sediment within eastern Fukushima Prefecture due to typhoon flooding
Authors: Kitamura Akihiro , Kurikami Hiroshi , Sakuma Kazuyuki , Malins Alex , Okumura Masahiko , Machida Masahiko , Mori Koji , Tada Kazuhiro , Tawara Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Takamaru , Yoshida Takafumi , Tosaka Hiroyuki
Published: March 2016

Tropical cyclones expose river basins to heavy rainfall and flooding, and cause substantial soil erosion and sediment transport. There is heightened interest in the effects of typhoon floods on river basins in northeast Japan, as the migration of radiocaesium‐bearing soils contaminated by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident will affect future radiation levels. The five main catchments surrounding FDNPP are the Odaka, Ukedo, Maeda, Kuma and Tomioka basins, but little quantitative modelling has been undertaken to identify the sediment redistribution patterns and controlling processes across these basins. Here we address this issue and report catchment‐scale modelling of the five basins using the GETFLOWS simulation code. The three‐dimensional (3D) models of the basins incorporated details of the geology, soil type, land cover, and used data from meteorological records as inputs. The simulation results were checked against field monitoring data for water flow rates, suspended sediment concentrations and accumulated sediment erosion and deposition. The results show that the majority of annual sediment migration in the basins occurs over storm periods, thus making typhoons the main vectors for redistribution. The Ukedo and Tomioka basins are the most important basins in the region in terms of overall sediment transport, followed by the other three basins each with similar discharge amounts. Erosion is strongly correlated with the underlying geology and the surface topography in the study area. A low permeability Pliocene Dainenji formation in the coastal area causes high surface water flow rates and soil erosion. Conversely, erosion is lower in an area with high permeability granite basement rocks between the Hatagawa and Futaba faults in the centre of the study area. Land cover is also a factor controlling differences in erosion and transport rates between forested areas in the west of the study area and predominantly agricultural areas towards the east. The largest sediment depositions occur in the Ogaki and Takigawa Dams, at the confluence of the Takase and Ukedo Rivers, and at the Ukedo River mouth. Having clarified the sediment redistribution patterns and controlling processes, these results can assist the ongoing task of monitoring radioactive caesium redistribution within Fukushima Prefecture, and contribute to the design and implementation of measures to protect health and the environment. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.