bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internal Open Innovation—Lessons Learned from Internal Crowdsourcing at SAP
Authors: Pohlisch Jakob
Published: May 2020

Crowdsourcing provides companies with access to widespread knowledge pools and constitutes a well-established inbound open innovation practice. More recently, some companies have introduced the approach of open innovation within their company boundaries. Using internal crowdsourcing (IC), companies can apply open innovation principles to overcome information silos. Multinational corporations often have thousands of employees around the globe, embedded in divisions and virtually separated from each other. Although a large proportion of companies nowadays use social IT to mitigate problems of distance, only a few companies can access their employees’ wisdom effectively—let alone efficiently. With almost 100,000 employees worldwide, SAP possesses significant resources, which IC can help to unlock and develop. In this business case study, we report the findings of our investigation of five IC implementations at SAP. Based on interviews and secondary data, we analyze the process and related governance tasks of the different IC approaches. The applications for IC range from the search for new and sustainable business models to an approach that uses crowdsourcing for the competence development of SAP’s employees. Our paper contributes to our understanding of open innovation and crowdsourcing by conceptualizing IC as a form of internal open innovation. Further, from our observations, we derive six lessons learned to support managers in implementing and executing IC initiatives successfully. Our findings will subsequently help managers to increase the innovation capabilities of their companies, create more sustainable business models, further the entrepreneurial mindset of their employees and thus provide a competitive advantage.
Limitations of Urban Infrastructure for the Large-Scale Implementation of Electric Mobility. A Case Study
Authors: López-Sánchez José Ángel , Garrido-Jiménez Francisco Javier , Torres-Moreno Jose Luis , Chofre-García Alfredo , Gimenez-Fernandez Antonio
Published: May 2020

The large-scale implementation of electric vehicles involves many challenges, including the stress on electric distribution networks. In order to quantify this impact, an input–output methodology applied to a case study in a representative urban context is proposed. The analysis shows that, on average, a standard distribution network can withstand 40% electric vehicle penetration without an increase in its capacity, always in the case of slow night charging. Higher levels of penetration are difficult to obtain without electric grid reinforcements because both lower energy prices and usual transport habits create a strong peak power demand during the night. The study also confirms that semi-fast or fast charging systems are not acceptable as domestic technologies due to the lack of capacity in transformation centers and their unsuitability for standard low voltage lines.
The Impacts of Water Cycle Components on Streamflow in a Changing Climate of Korea: Historical and Future Trends
Authors: Ghafouri-Azar Mona , Bae Deg-Hyo
Published: May 2020

This paper investigates the historical and future trends in water balance components and their impacts on streamflow. The trend analyses were applied to the daily climatic and hydrologic variables from 109 subbasins in Korea during the historical period and future period obtained by a multimodel ensemble of 13 global circulation models (GCMs) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 5 (CMIP5). A calibrated hydrologic model, the precipitation-streamflow modeling system (PRMS) model, was applied to obtain hydrologic data. The results revealed apparent trends in streamflow, with increases in spring and decreases in the other seasons during the historical period. The reduction (or increase) in the amount of streamflow was counterbalanced by the reduction (or increase) in precipitation, groundwater, and soil moisture, which was mainly impacted by the increase (or reduction) in actual evapotranspiration. However, opposite trends are projected for the future period for streamflow and water cycle components, in which spring and winter are projected to have increasing trends mostly counterbalanced by the decreasing trends in precipitation and groundwater. The reasons for the reduction in streamflow include elevated evapotranspiration compared to precipitation, reduced soil moisture, and a significant decrease in groundwater recharge. In addition, the results of the seasonal variability among basins revealed higher variability in summer for the historical period and in winter for the future period, with maximum variability in the Sumjin River basin, indicating that streamflow fluctuated more strongly in the Sumjin River basin during the historical and future periods.
Energy Management-Based Predictive Controller for a Smart Building Powered by Renewable Energy
Authors: Dagdougui Younès , Ouammi Ahmed , Benchrifa Rachid
Published: May 2020

This paper presents a smart building energy management system (BEMS), which is in charge of optimally controlling the sustainable operation of a building-integrated-microgrid (BIM). The main objective is to develop an advanced high-level centralized control approach-based model predictive control (MPC) considering variations of renewable sources and loads. A finite-horizon planning optimization problem is developed to control the operation of the BIM. The model can be implemented as a BEMS for the BIM to manipulate the indoor temperature and optimize the operation of the system’s units. A centralized MPC-based algorithm is implemented for the power management scheduling of all sub-systems as well as power exchanges with the electrical grid. The MPC algorithm is verified over case studies applied to two floors residential building considering the climate condition of a typical day of March, where the effects of both loads and thermal resistance of building shell on the operation of the BIM are analyzed via numerical simulations. The analysis shows that 96% of the total electrical load has been fulfilled by the local production where 23% represents the total electric output of the micro-CHP and 73% is the renewable energy production. The deficit, which represents only 4%, is purchased from the electrical distribution network (EDN).
High-Resolution Electricity Spot Price Forecast for the Danish Power Market
Authors: Schütz Roungkvist Jannik , Enevoldsen Peter , Xydis George
Published: May 2020

Energy markets with a high penetration of renewables are more likely to be challenged by price variations or volatility, which is partly due to the stochastic nature of renewable energy. The Danish electricity market (DK1) is a great example of such a market, as 49% of the power production in DK1 is based on wind power, conclusively challenging the electricity spot price forecast for the Danish power market. The energy industry and academia have tried to find the best practices for spot price forecasting in Denmark, by introducing everything from linear models to sophisticated machine-learning approaches. This paper presents a linear model for price forecasting—based on electricity consumption, thermal power production, wind production and previous electricity prices—to estimate long-term electricity prices in electricity markets with a high wind penetration levels, to help utilities and asset owners to develop risk management strategies and for asset valuation.
Conditional Lie–Bäcklund Symmetries and Functionally Generalized Separation of Variables to Quasi-Linear Diffusion Equations with Source
Authors: Wang Rui , Ji Lina
Published: May 2020

The conditional Lie–Bäcklund symmetry method is applied to investigate the functionally generalized separation of variables for quasi-linear diffusion equations with a source. The equations and the admitted conditional Lie–Bäcklund symmetries related to invariant subspaces are identified. The exact solutions possessing the form of the functionally generalized separation of variables are constructed for the resulting equations due to the corresponding symmetry reductions.
Herglotz’s Variational Problem for Non-Conservative System with Delayed Arguments under Lagrangian Framework and Its Noether’s Theorem
Authors: Zhang Yi
Published: May 2020

Because Herglotz’s variational problem achieves the variational representation of non-conservative dynamic processes, its research has attracted wide attention. The aim of this paper is to explore Herglotz’s variational problem for a non-conservative system with delayed arguments under Lagrangian framework and its Noether’s theorem. Firstly, we derive the non-isochronous variation formulas of Hamilton–Herglotz action containing delayed arguments. Secondly, for the Hamilton–Herglotz action case, we define the Noether symmetry and give the criterion of symmetry. Thirdly, we prove Herglotz type Noether’s theorem for non-conservative system with delayed arguments. As a generalization, Birkhoff’s version and Hamilton’s version for Herglotz type Noether’s theorems are presented. To illustrate the application of our Noether’s theorems, we give two examples of damped oscillators.
Asymmetrical Velocity Distribution in the Drag-Reducing Channel Flow of Surfactant Solution Caused by an Injected Ultrathin Water Layer
Authors: Fu Zaiguo , Liang Xiaotian , Zhang Kang
Published: May 2020

Although the turbulent intensity is suppressed in the drag-reducing channel flow by viscoelastic additives, the mean velocity distribution in the channel flow is symmetrical and tends to be similar to the laminar flow. In the study of near-wall modulation of the drag-reducing flow with an injected ultrathin water layer, an asymmetrical mean velocity distribution was found. To further investigate this phenomenon and the underlying cause, an experiment was carried out with the water injected from a porous channel wall at a small velocity (~10−4 m/s) into the drag-reducing flow of surfactant solution. The instantaneous concentration and flow fields were measured by using planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) and particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) techniques, respectively. Moreover, analyses on turbulent statistical characteristics and spatial distribution of viscoelastic structures were carried out on the basis of comparison among various flow cases. The results showed that the injected ultrathin water layer under present experimental conditions affected the anisotropy of the drag-reducing flow. The characteristics, such as turbulence intensity, showed the zonal feature in the wall-normal direction. The Reynolds shear stress was enhanced in the near-wall region, and the viscoelastic structure was modified severely due to the redistributed stress. These results may provide experimental supports for the near-wall modulation of turbulence and the exploration of the drag-reducing mechanism by viscoelastic additives.
Comprehensive Evaluation of Regional Logistics Competitiveness Considering Multiple Reference Points and Dynamic Index Improved Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Liu Guodong , Zhu Jianjun , Liu Xiaodi
Published: May 2020

The development of the regional economy cannot be separated from the support of regional logistics, as the scientific decisions of regional logistics are helpful to promote the healthy development of the regional economy. The comprehensive evaluation of regional logistics competitiveness is the premise and foundation of regional logistics scientific decision-making; the evaluation index system, evaluation data, and index weight are the key links affecting a comprehensive evaluation. In order to improve the quality of a comprehensive evaluation, the study aims at addressing problems such as the evaluation index system of regional logistics competitiveness being complex and scattered, the normalized distribution of the evaluation data being extremely asymmetric and seriously deviating from the normal distribution, and the logic of calculating index weights by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) not being accurate. To do this, a triangle model of regional logistics competitiveness is constructed based on Porter’s diamond model, and the evaluation index system of regional logistics competitiveness is refined from the three dimensions of resource supply, logistics service, and market demand. Based on the concept of symmetry theory, a normalization method of segmental mapping with quartiles as multiple reference points is proposed, which improves the distribution rationality, symmetry, and distance discrimination of normalized data. The dynamic index scale is used to determine the scale of the analytic hierarchy process, and the evaluation matrix is constructed based on the importance level grading table; the index weights are directly solved without a consistency check, which improves the logical accuracy of a subjective evaluation. Based on the data of segment mapping, the comprehensive evaluation value of the evaluation object is calculated, and the competitiveness of regional logistics is compared and ranked, which improves the differentiation and consistency of the results. Through the comparative analysis of the calculation results, it was proven that the improvement of the data standardization method is necessary when the range is too large. The method in this paper can make the distribution of data standardization with a range too large closer to the normal distribution. It was found that the ranking of regional logistics competitiveness is highly consistent with the total social logistics, and that the total amount of regional logistics has an important reference value for the competitiveness of regional logistics. The ranking calculated by the indicators and methods in this paper has a certain reference value for regional logistics decision-making.
Venlafaxine Chiral Separation by Capillary Electrophoresis Using Cyclodextrin Derivatives as Chiral Selector and Experimental Design Method Optimization
Authors: Milan Andreea , Hancu Gabriel , Lupu Daniela , Budău Monica , Garaj Vladimir , Kelemen Hajnal
Published: May 2020

Venlafaxine (VFX) is a modern antidepressant from the serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) class. It is a chiral substance used in therapy as a racemate, but differences between the pharmacological properties of the two enantiomers have been reported. The current article presents the development of a simple capillary electrophoresis (CE) method for the rapid chiral separation of VFX enantiomers. A complex cyclodextrin (CD) screening at four different pH levels was carried out to establish the optimum chiral selector; carboxymethyl-β-CD (CM-β-CD) at pH 2.5 was selected for further method development. An initial “one factor at time” (OFAT) screening strategy was used to establish the influence of analytical parameters on the separation, followed by a face centered central composite design (FCCD) for the optimization process. The analytical performances of the newly developed method were verified in terms of accuracy, linearity, precision, repeatability, and sensitivity. The method was used for the determination of VFX enantiomer ratio in pharmaceutical forms. Finally, computer modelling of VFX-CD complexes was undertaken to characterize host–guest chiral recognition.
Development and Research on the Vertical Center Diaphragm Method Applied in Shallow Tunnel Construction
Authors: Zhou Zhenliang , Tan Zhongsheng , Zhao Jinpeng , Liang Han
Published: May 2020

As a common method applied in the construction of tunnels with Grade IV and Grade V surrounding rock, the center diaphragm (CD) method has the advantage of resisting the inward horizontal convergence of the tunnel. However, due to the small lateral earth pressure of the shallow tunnel, the curved center diaphragm would have an unstable stress state and cannot provide sufficient support to the surrounding rock. Based on the CD method, this study presents a vertical center diaphragm (VCD) method with an axisymmetric structure. The application condition of the VCD method relies on the comparison of the surface settlement and tunnel deformation with the two methods in different surrounding rock grades and buried depths by using a three-dimensional finite-difference code. Based on the Shenzhen Eastern Transit Expressway Connection Line Tunnel, which has six lanes of double lines, the deformation regularities and mechanical characteristics of the VCD method, including the surface settlement, tunnel deformation, internal force of the center diaphragm, surrounding rock pressure, and steel arch stress, are investigated by numerical calculations and a field comparative test. The results obtained in this study provide several suggestions for constructing shallow tunnels. Furthermore, the construction efficiency and economy of the VCD method are evaluated.
Targeting the Early Endosome-to-Golgi Transport of Shiga Toxins as a Therapeutic Strategy
Authors: Li Danyang , Selyunin Andrey , Mukhopadhyay Somshuvra
Published: May 2020

Shiga toxin (STx) produced by Shigella and closely related Shiga toxin 1 and 2 (STx1 and STx2) synthesized by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are bacterial AB5 toxins. All three toxins target kidney cells and may cause life-threatening renal disease. While Shigella infections can be treated with antibiotics, resistance is increasing. Moreover, antibiotic therapy is contraindicated for STEC, and there are no definitive treatments for STEC-induced disease. To exert cellular toxicity, STx, STx1, and STx2 must undergo retrograde trafficking to reach their cytosolic target, ribosomes. Direct transport from early endosomes to the Golgi apparatus is an essential step that allows the toxins to bypass degradative late endosomes and lysosomes. The essentiality of this transport step also makes it an ideal target for the development of small-molecule inhibitors of toxin trafficking as potential therapeutics. Here, we review the recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of the early endosome-to-Golgi transport of STx, STx1, and STx2, as well as the development of small-molecule inhibitors of toxin trafficking that act at the endosome/Golgi interface.
Molecular, Evolutionary, and Structural Analysis of the Terminal Protein Domain of Hepatitis B Virus Polymerase, a Potential Drug Target
Authors: Buhlig Timothy S. , Bowersox Anastasia F. , Braun Daniel L. , Owsley Desiree N. , James Kortney D. , Aranda Alfredo J. , Kendrick Connor D. , Skalka Nicole A. , Clark Daniel N.
Published: May 2020

Approximately 250 million people are living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections, which claim nearly a million lives annually. The target of all current HBV drug therapies (except interferon) is the viral polymerase; specifically, the reverse transcriptase domain. Although no high-resolution structure exists for the HBV polymerase, several recent advances have helped to map its functions to specific domains. The terminal protein (TP) domain, unique to hepadnaviruses such as HBV, has been implicated in the binding and packaging of the viral RNA, as well as the initial priming of and downstream synthesis of viral DNA—all of which make the TP domain an attractive novel drug target. This review encompasses three types of analysis: sequence conservation analysis, secondary structure prediction, and the results from mutational studies. It is concluded that the TP domain of HBV polymerase is comprised of seven subdomains (three unstructured loops and four helical regions) and that all three loop subdomains and Helix 5 are the major determinants of HBV function within the TP domain. Further studies, such as modeling inhibitors of these critical TP subdomains, will advance the TP domain of HBV polymerase as a therapeutic drug target in the progression towards a cure.
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Optimal Control Strategies for Energy Harvesting by Regenerative Shock Absorbers in Cars †
Authors: Casavola Alessandro , Tedesco Francesco , Vaglica Pasquale
Published: May 2020

Regenerative suspension systems, unlike traditional passive, semi-active or active setups, are able to convert the traditionally wasted kinetic energy into electricity. This paper discusses flexible multi-objective control design strategies based on LMI formulations to suitably trade-off between the usual road handling and ride comfort performance and the amount of energy to be harvested. An electromechanical regenerative vehicle suspension system is considered where the shock absorber of each wheel is replaced by a linear electrical motor which is actively governed. It is shown by simulations that multivariable centralized control laws designed on the basis of a full-car model of the suspension system are able to achieve larger amount of harvested energy under identical ride comfort prescriptions with respect to scalar decentralized control strategies, designed on the basis of a single quarter-car model and implemented independently on each wheel in a decentralized way. Improvements up to 40 % and 20 % of harvested energy are respectively achievable by the centralized multivariable H 2 and H ∞ optimal controllers under the same test conditions.
Integrated Hydrologic and Hydrodynamic Models to Improve Flood Simulation Capability in the Data-Scarce Three Gorges Reservoir Region
Authors: Zhang Yulong , Zhou Jianzhong , Lu Chengwei
Published: May 2020

One-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling approaches are useful for flood simulations; however, most studies often neglect intermediate discharges due to difficulties in obtaining the associated data. Herein, we produced the XAJ-H1DM model by coupling the Xinanjiang (XAJ) model, without the Muskingum module, with a one-dimensional hydrodynamic (H1DM) model, using regionalization approaches to test their practicality. Another model, named H1DM-XAJ, was also produced by orderly calibrating the H1DM and XAJ models to achieve improved flood simulations in poorly gauged catchments. The flood simulation capabilities of the four models (including the single XAJ and H1DM models) were investigated and compared at a daily time scale in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, China. The results show that the regionalization approaches can be successfully used in the application of the integrated hydrologic and hydrodynamic model in ungauged intermediate catchments. Further, the coupled models produced markedly improved estimates of peak discharge and runoff volume compared to the single models. Moreover, the ability of the coupled models to simulate the peak water level and hydrograph, which hydrological models lack, is significantly better than that of the single H1DM model. The framework presented can be applied in other data-scarce catchments worldwide for better understanding of the hydrodynamic processes.
Using Isotopes (H, O, and Sr) and Major Ions to Identify Hydrogeochemical Characteristics of Groundwater in the Hongjiannao Lake Basin, Northwest China
Authors: Wu Chu , Wu Xiong , Mu Wenping , Zhu Ge
Published: May 2020

Hongjiannao Lake is the largest desert freshwater lake in the Ordos Plateau, China, and the relict gull is an endangered species that uses the lake for its habitat, with the largest colonies being located there. Using hydrochemical parameters, stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, and strontium isotopes, we investigated the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater. As a result, the major cations of the groundwater were found to be Ca2+ and Na+, the major anion was found to be HCO3−, and the hydrochemical facies were mainly found to be HCO3–Ca, HCO3–Na. and HCO3–Ca–Na. The hydrochemical formation of groundwater was controlled by both evaporation and water–rock interactions, and carbonate and sulfate minerals dissolved or precipitated in the groundwater. On the basis of isotope analysis, groundwater was affected by evaporation and δ18O enrichment, and the higher salinity of Hongjiannao Lake suffered from intensive evaporation. The higher 87Sr/86Sr ratio and lower concentrations of Sr2+ in the groundwater were derived from the dissolution of silicate minerals, whereas the opposite concentrations were due to the dissolution of carbonate and sulfate minerals. Based on this work, such results can be used to research groundwater recharge into the lake and to protect water quality.
Accelerating Contaminant Transport Simulation in MT3DMS Using JASMIN-Based Parallel Computing
Authors: Liu Xingwei , Zhang Qiulan , Cheng Tangpei
Published: May 2020

To overcome the large time and memory consumption problems in large-scale high-resolution contaminant transport simulations, an efficient approach was presented to parallelize the modular three-dimensional transport model for multi-species (MT3DMS) (University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA) program on J adaptive structured meshes applications infrastructures (JASMIN). In this approach, a domain decomposition method and a stencil-based method were used to accomplish parallel implementation, while a ghost cell strategy was used for communication. The MODFLOW-MT3DMS coupling mode was optimized to achieve the parallel coupling of flow and contaminant transport. Five types of models were used to verify the correctness and test the parallel performance of the method. The developed parallel program JMT3D (China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China) can increase the speed by up to 31.7 times, save memory consumption by 96% with 46 processors, and ensure that the solution accuracy and convergence do not decrease as the number of domains increases. The BiCGSTAB (Bi-conjugate gradient variant algorithm) method required the least amount of time and achieved high speedup in most cases. Coupling the flow and contaminant transport further improved the efficiency of the simulations, with a 33.45 times higher speedup achieved on 46 processors. The AMG (algebraic multigrid) method achieved a good scalability, with an efficiency above 100% on hundreds of processors for the simulation of tens of millions of cells.
PENGARUH POWER TUNGKAI DAN MINAT TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SMASH OLAHRAGA BOLA VOLI PADA SISWA KELAS VI SDN MARGAJAYA I
Authors: Julian Yan Yan , Khasanah Khasanah , Nasution Nursanita
Published: May 2020

This study aims to determine: (1) the differences in student smash learning outcomes with leg power training and those not taught using leg power training, (2) the effect of the interaction between power leg and learning interest on smash learning outcomes in students, (3) differences in smash learning outcomes of students who have high interest in learning taught by power leg training with students not taught using leg power training, (4) differences in smash learning outcomes in students who have low learning interest taught by power leg training with students who are not taught using leg power training. This study uses an experimental method with a 2 x 2 factorial design. The population is grade VI students of SDN Margajaya I, Bekasi City with a total of 50 students. The sample consisted of 27% of the groups having high interest, while 27% of the groups having low interest. The conclusions of the results of the study are: smash learning outcomes of students who get treated with leg power training is higher than students who do not use leg power training. There is an interaction between power leg training with interest in learning towards smash learning outcomes. Smash learning outcomes of students taught using leg power training are higher than students who are taught without using leg power training in students who have high learning interest. Learning Outcomes Students who have low learning interest who are taught using leg power training are lower than those who do not use leg power training.
The effects of tending cuttings on yield and value changes in black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) stands: a case study
Authors: Rédei Károly , Rásó János , Ábri Tamás , Keserű Zsolt
Published: May 2020

Thinning experiments in black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) stands have been carried out for many years in Hungary. This species has great economic importance in the timber supply of the country. This paper evaluates the effects of tending cuttings in two aspects: the effect on yield and stand value. The case study has proved that in black locust stands tending cuttings can not increase the periodic total production but the stem-quality index can be increased by 2%.
Comparison of the technological background of aquaponic systems
Authors: Homoki Dávid , Minya Dániel , Kovács László , Molnár Áron , Balogh Katalin , Bársony Péter , Fehér Milán , Kövics György , Stündl László
Published: May 2020

Aquaponics is the combined culture of fish and plants in recirculating aquaculture systems, an ecologically sustainable horticultural production technique with long traditions.

The objective of this study is to compare flood-and- drain, and the water crossflow system and examine the differences in the water quality, fish yield and plant growth parameters for Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and basil (Ocimum basilicum). During the study, water quality parameters of two treatments were compared in temperatures, pH, EC and NO3¯N were significantly different (p <0.05). Leaf area of the basil plants grew to an average of 20.37 cm2 (± 9.02 cm2). The plants’ biomass production was significantly different (p< 0.05) in the two systems. The biomass production showed lower yield, 458.22 g (± 214.59 g) in the constant flow system that in the flood- and- drain system 692.9 g (± 175.82 g). Fish Growth parameters were better in constant flow system (FCR 5.48 g/g ± 0.19). However, the specific growth rate (SGR) demonstrated that fish grew faster in flood- and- drain system 1.38 %/day (± 0.29).
Insole customized part 2
Authors: Kumar Mishra Maneesh , Bruniaux Pascal , Tartare Guillaume , Campagne Christine
Published: May 2020

The needs in the sector of orthopedic insoles are becoming more important. The medical purpose of these plantar prostheses is often to correct the posture or biomechanical imbalance that tends to cause pain in various areas of the body depending on the pathology of the patient. This is due to the progression of people who are increasingly obese or have problems with diabetes or other diseases. But, the cost of its products can vary from one to two or more depending on the quality of the product that requires adaptation by a manual process to the morphology of the foot. Whatever the therapeutic product envisaged, the economic model is no longer adapted to the needs of patients and the budgetary imperatives of social security. A new creative process is needed and must incorporate digital tools to reduce these manufacturing costs while improving the quality of products. This study is the continuity of previous works. The process that was used to detect the anthropometric points of the foot was incorporated into a process of creating customized insoles. By combining the technique that extracts the outline encompassing the footprint, a specific process that uses this outline to create the 2D shape of the insole and the using of 3D shape of the standard shoe-last, we have created the 3D shape of the insole adjusted to foot.
Late Permian carbonate concretions in the marine siliciclastic sediments of the Ravnefjeld Formation, East Greenland
Authors: Kresten Nielsen Jesper , Hanken Nils-Martin
Published: May 2020

This investigation of carbonate concretions from the Late Permian Ravnefjeld Formation in East Greenland forms part of the multi-disciplinary research project Resources of the sedimentary basins of North and East Greenland (TUPOLAR; Stemmerik et al. 1996, 1999). The TUPOLAR project focuses on investigations and evaluation of potential hydrocarbon and mineral resources of the Upper Permian – Mesozoic sedimentary basins. In this context, the Upper Permian Ravnefjeld Formation occupies a pivotal position because it contains local mineralisations and has source rock potential for hydrocarbons adjacent to potential carbonate reservoir rocks of the partly time-equivalent Wegener Halvø Formation (Harpøth et al. 1986; Surlyk et al. 1986; Stemmerik et al. 1998; Pedersen & Stendal 2000). A better understanding of the sedimentary facies and diagenesis of the Ravnefjeld Formation is therefore crucial for an evaluation of the economic potential of East Greenland.
A FULL-SCALE STUDY OF THE STRENGTH OF MASSIVE WOOD GLUING WITH MODERN ADHESIVES WHEN OPERATING IN VARIOUS CONDITIONS
Authors: Ponomarenko Larisa , Kantieva Ekaterina , Posluhaev Maksim , Chernyshev Aleksandr
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Glues are widely used to connect various materials, especially since in some cases other options for combining materials are not suitable. The paper deals with the bonding of solid hardwood with modern adhesive materials. Currently, a large group of adhesives of various brands from Russian and foreign manufacturers is presented on the market. In the woodworking industry, adhesives are used in the carpentry and furniture, manufacturing, in wooden house-building, in the production of finishing materials, etc., which are operated outside and inside the premises in constant and variable humidity conditions. Therefore, the correct choice of adhesives plays an important role both for the manufacturer and subsequently for the consumer of the resulting product. In this work, we have studied the dependence of the tensile strength when chipping along the adhesive layer on the type of glue, wood species, and operating conditions. We have selected the following adhesives based on polychloroprene, polyvinyl acetate and rubber. The greatest strength of the adhesive bonding when gluing solid hardwood is given by polyvinyl acetate adhesives. When using the product in conditions of changing temperature and humidity, the bonding strength decreases, in some cases significantly. In fairness, it should be noted that not only the type of glue, but also the type of wood affects the bonding strength
INFLUENCE OF OPERATING MODES OF FOREST FIRE SOIL-THROWING MACHINE WITH HYDRAULIC DRIVE ON EFFICIENCY INDICATORS
Authors: Popikov P. , Popikov Petr , Sharov Andrey , Petkov Aleksandr , Pozdnyakov Anton
Published: May 2020

Many areas of human activity, in particular, agriculture and the timber industry, use technological machines and

equipment having in their arsenal a hydraulic system for supplying pressure to the used units for soil cultivation,

sowing, cutting, rooting out and many others. The article discusses the use of an energy-saving hydraulic drive. It

provides experimental data on its use in a forest fire soil-throwing machine. The experiment was carried out using the

LHT-55 forestry tractor, on the rear hitch of which a laboratory sample of a fire-fighting soil-throwing machine with a

rotor-thrower drive from a hydraulic motor has been mounted. An adjustable hydraulic pump is installed on the rear

frame of LHT-55 tractor, on which there is a regulator of the volume of supplied fluid. In the course of experimental

studies we used the methods, specified in State Standard 20915–2011, Industrial Standard 70.2.16–73. During the

experiments, the main indicators of the efficiency of forest fire-fighting soil-throwing machine have been determined:

the maximum surge in the pressure of the working fluid in the hydraulic drive for the duty cycle Pm; the energy stored

by the pneumohydraulic accumulator in one working cycle Pm (operation of the safety valve); the maximum energy that

a pneumohydraulic accumulator with these parameters is able to accumulate per line kilometer or per shift Eav;, average

range of the soil throwing Lav and the thickness of the soil layer depending on the distance of throw T. A large number

of selected determining factors made it possible to depict graphically obtained data and conduct a visual analysis to

obtain the most effective operating modes of a forest fire soil-throwing machine with an energy-saving hydraulic drive.

The paper presents the rationale for the new design of a forest fire soil-throwing machine with an energy-saving

hydraulic drive. The dependences of the efficiency indicators of working flows on the design and technological

parameters of a forest fire soil-throwing machine have been obtained.
INFLUENCE OF FOREST SHELTER BELTS ON THE WATER CONSUMPTION INDICATOR OF SPRING BARLEY
Authors: Ruleva Ol'ga , Seminchenko Elena
Published: May 2020

The article presents research materials on the impact of shelterbelts on the growth and development of spring barley. It has been established that the reserves of productive moisture on the inter-strip cell are distributed unevenly and vary depending on the distance from the forest belt. The greatest spring moisture reserve (in the conditions of agroforestry) accumulates in the zone from 5H to 15N from forest shelter belts. The yield of spring barley in the inter-strip space is formed depending on the distance to the forest belt. The distance from the forest belt and its influence on the phases of plant development has been critically evaluated based on mathematical modeling and empirical data. Data on the average daily moisture consumption of barley plants by development phases have been processed to clarify the factors affecting the formation of the crop. Functional relationships have been obtained using STATICTIKA computer program. High correlation between the distance from the forest belt and the phases of barley has been found: tube forming (R = -0.94), booting stage (R = -0.93), blooming period (R = -0.93). The forecast for barley development in the phases of grain filling and ripening is slightly lower and amounted to R = -0.89. The relationship between the coefficient of water consumption and the distance from the forest belt has not been identified. The analysis has showed the influence of the barley water consumption coefficient depending on the distance to the forest belts on the vegetation phases of this crop. The results of the study indicate the important role of forest belts
DESIGN FEATURES OF CABLE FORESTRY SYSTEMS ON SOFT PNEUMATIC SUPPORTS
Authors: Abuzov Aleksandr , Grigorev Igor
Published: May 2020

The article presents the results of studies on an alternative type of forest transport based on cable systems equipped with soft pneumatic supports. The relevance of the research is dictated by the fact that currently logging processes are shifting from the most accessible forest areas to hard-to-reach mountain areas with characteristic signs of environmental dependence with the dense presence of water bodies such as rivers, lakes, swamps, which in its turn can also serve as transport corridors to move harvested wood. Based on theoretical and experimental studies, the authors have proposed a technology that allows efficiently and environmentally safe logging in the presence of various hydrological barriers, including swamps. The technological scheme of the use of rope complexes, the construction of a soft pneumatic support of an arch type, as well as a working experimental prototype of this timber transport system are presented. The results of calculations and examples of deformation isopoles are given, which make it possible to evaluate the loads arising in the design of an arch pneumatic support depending on the mass of the cargo held and the air pressure inside the support. LIRA software package was used to simulate the load process. The research results confirmed the possibility of using cable forest transport systems on soft pneumatic supports in the logging process
Local funding for coastal projects: An overview of practices, policies, and considerations
Authors: Brockbank Derek , Mercer Annie , Ravella Peter , Buckingham Tyler , Cunniff Shannon , Willson Ken , Rudolph Gregory , Gooderham Kate , Brennan Brian , Beyeler Marc
Published: May 2020

The goal of this paper is to help coastal managers and elected officials think about how to fund beach renourishment and coastal restoration projects. The paper briefly reviews the evolution of funding policies, introduces funding considerations based on project characteristics, and outlines funding tools or mechanisms to consider.
The Transfection of HepG2 cells with Truncated β-Catenin Coding Expression Vector
Authors: KARAOSMANOĞLU Oğuzhan
Published: May 2020

β-catenin is an effector protein in Wnt signaling. β-catenin mutations are reported in the development of many diseases such as autism, colorectal carcinoma, developmental delay, intellectual disability, neurodegeneration, skin, hair and facial anomalies. Exon 3 deletion mediated truncations of the β-catenin associated with these diseases. Therefore understanding the functions of wild type and exon 3 deleted forms of β-catenin may provide an enhancement in the treatment of many diseases. However, to conduct controlled experiments, there could be a demand for the expression vectors that code for wild type and exon 3 deleted forms of β-catenin and originated from the same organism. Since it has long been known that HepG2 cells are heterozygous for β-catenin, in this study, it was found worthy of constructing the expression vectors from the total RNA of HepG2 cells. Then the utility of truncated β-catenin coding pcDNA3.1/CTNNB1 expression vector for upregulation of truncated β-catenin in HepG2 cells was examined. To this end, RNA was isolated from HepG2 cells, cDNA fragments were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), expression vectors were constructed then sequenced from 5’-prime regions. Following the BLAST analysis, it was concluded that both truncated and wild type β-catenin coding pcDNA3.1/CTNNB1 expression vectors were successfully cloned in E. coli cells. Interestingly, when the parental HepG2 cells were transfected with exon 3 deleted expression vector, β-catenin protein levels were not affected. Moreover, cellular morphology and population doubling time were not significantly altered.
Shapeshifters in Medieval North Atlantic literature [Book Review]
Authors: McDonald Roderick
Published: May 2020

Review(s) of: Shapeshifters in Medieval North Atlantic literature, by Barreiro, Santiago and Cordo Russo, Luciana (eds), The Early Medieval North Atlantic series, (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2018) hardcover; 187 pages, RRP euro85; ISBN 9789462984479.
Clubes Escuela Republicana y la Sociedad Filotémica. Expresiones políticas y sociabilidad de las Juventudes en Bogotá (1849-1867)
Authors: Cortés Navarro Luisa Fernanda
Published: May 2020

Este artículo propone un ejercicio de reconocimiento a los sectores políticos juveniles organizados en los clubes Escuela Republicana y Sociedad Filotémica durante las reformas políticas de mediados del siglo XIX en Bogotá; generando posibilidades interpretativas no solo frente a su condición de juventud, sino a los móviles y posibles intereses políticos y de clase que los llevaron a establecer revisiones exhaustivas a los planteamientos ideológicos del “Socialismo utópico” francés, entre otros referentes. Estos Clubes Políticos, enarbolaron el heraldo de la juventud como sinónimo de transformación y de idealización de los valores de la nueva república, haciendo de la juventud una de las metáforas políticas con mayor trascendencia, tanto en la prensa como en las tribunas.
Diseñando la Nación: Jóvenes becados por el gobierno a Europa, su contribución en la construcción del Chile de inicios del siglo XX
Authors: Jiménez Bustos Tatiana
Published: May 2020

El decreto del 31 de Octubre de 1888 marcó un antes y un después en lo referido a la subvención educativa para jóvenes chilenos en Europa, pues es a partir de esta norma jurídica que se oficializó este tema mediante el reglamento sobre el envío de estudiantes a perfeccionarse en el extranjero, con el objetivo que, gracias a los conocimientos adquiridos, pudiesen a su regreso contribuir a la conformación de una nación más fortalecida.Este artículo da cuenta de todo el proceso de pensiones desde sus orígenes a mediados del siglo XIX, hasta inicios del siglo XX. Se pone especial atención en cómo las políticas públicas que se fueron implementando con el paso de los años, bajo la influencia de diferentes factores; tanto de las decisiones gubernamentales, del ideario de los intelectuales, de las modas de la oligarquía y de la experiencia adquiridas por los primeros pensionados, contribuyeron al establecimiento de un sistema de base para la subvención becaria en el país.Lo precedente, generó aportes de conocimientos específicos en diferentes áreas del quehacer profesional, tanto jurídicas, artísticas como científicas, que propiciaron hacer de Chile, de los inicios del siglo XX una nación consolidada.
Opiniones y actitudes de los jóvenes en los años 1960. Una inmensa minoría en una encuesta realizada por José Enrique Miguens
Authors: Favero Bettina Alejandra
Published: May 2020

A lo largo de los años sesenta del siglo XX se realizaron en la Argentina una importante cantidad de encuestas de opinión pública. El fin de las mismas era conocer la opinión de la gente corriente sobre distintos temas de actualidad como las elecciones, la marcha de la economía, el rol de las fuerzas armadas, el papel de los sindicatos, entre otras.En este artículo, se analizará una de ellas: “Opiniones y actitudes de la población urbana frente a las elecciones de julio de 1963” realizada en junio de 1963 por el grupo encabezado por José Enrique Miguens.Específicamente se observarán los datos sesgados de la misma y cuáles fueron las respuestas de los jóvenes ante las distintas preguntas.
Modalidades represivas contra los trabajadores chilenos en la Patagonia argentina: el caso de los obreros expulsados de Chubut
Authors: Pérez Álvarez Gonzalo , Gatica Mónica
Published: May 2020

Al profundizar el conocimiento sobre el proceso de conformación de la clase obrera en Chubut y Patagonia, se destaca la fundamental presencia de los trabajadores de origen chileno. Ellos aportaron sus tradiciones de lucha y organización a la dinámica conformación de la clase obrera regional, en un contexto permanentemente interpelado por discursos y prácticas represivas, en aras de la supuesta consolidación de la “soberanía nacional”.Las y los obreros de origen chileno eran necesarios en una región con escasez de fuerza de trabajo, pero a la vez eran sindicados como una latente amenaza que enfrentaba la pretendida “argentinización” de la Patagonia. Esos obreros chilenos sufrieron un permanente control que en muchos casos desembocó en represión abierta. Trabajamos con la carpeta “Expulsados” del Archivo de Prontuarios Policiales, afincado desde el año 2016 en el Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas y Sociales de la Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia. A la fecha hemos dado con cinco prontuarios de obreros chilenos que fueron expulsados del país en los años ’70 del siglo XX.