bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DERM12345: A Large, Multisource Dermatoscopic Skin Lesion Dataset with 40 Subclasses
Authors: Yilmaz Abdurrahim , Yasar Sirin Pekcan , Gencoglan Gulsum , Temelkuran Burak
Published: November 2024

Skin lesion datasets provide essential information for understanding various skin conditions and developing effective diagnostic tools. They aid the artificial intelligence-based early detection of skin cancer, facilitate treatment planning, and contribute to medical education and research. Published large datasets have partially coverage the subclassifications of the skin lesions. This limitation highlights the need for more expansive and varied datasets to reduce false predictions and help improve the failure analysis for skin lesions. This study presents a diverse dataset comprising 12,345 dermatoscopic images with 40 subclasses of skin lesions, collected in Turkiye, which comprises different skin types in the transition zone between Europe and Asia. Each subgroup contains high-resolution images and expert annotations, providing a strong and reliable basis for future research. The detailed analysis of each subgroup provided in this study facilitates targeted research endeavors and enhances the depth of understanding regarding the skin lesions. This dataset distinguishes itself through a diverse structure with its 5 super classes, 15 main classes, 40 subclasses and 12,345 high-resolution dermatoscopic images.
Evaluation of microbial diversity in the formation water of the producer and marginal wells in bokaro coal field
Authors: Sahu Nishi , Lavania Meeta , Banerjee Dipanjana , Chawla Mansi , Lal Banwari
Published: November 2024

The rise in global energy demand has prompted research on developing strategies for transforming conventional nonrenewable sources to cleaner fuels. Biogenic methane production is a promising source that caters to increasing energy demands. Therefore, research to enhance their production is of great importance. Implementation of successful enhancement strategies requires knowledge of the factors impacting coalbed methane production. The microbial diversity of the formation water in coal seams is the crucial parameter influencing biomethane production. This study explores microbial diversity in the Producing and Marginal wells of Bokaro, India, intending to understand the potential application of microbial-enhanced coalbed methane technology in the marginal wells of this reservoir. The high throughput sequencing analysis revealed the presence of both archaeal and bacterial groups in both well types. The result showed significant differences in the diversity of the samples from the two well groups, suggesting the immense role played by the microbes in producing methane gas. Random forest analysis shows genera Gelria, Methanothermobacter, Thaurea, Youngiibacter, and Proteiniclasticum in the Producing wells while Roseomonas, Rhodobacter, Mycobacterium, Methylobacter, and Bosea in the Marginal wells as the significant contributor in differentiating the overall diversity between the wells of Bokaro. The current study is the first to show microbial uniqueness in coalbed methane wells based on gas production efficiency. It also explores the role of physicochemical factors in framing microbial community structure in the wells. The results provide salient information that will help better understand the impact of microbial diversity on the production of coalbed methane wells of studied coal seams. This knowledge will further aid in exploring the prospects of microbial-enhanced methane in the Marginal wells.
Seaweed liquid extract AS novel sustainable solutions for phycobioremediation plant germination, and feed additive for marine invertebrate copepod
Authors: Ashour Mohamed , Khairy Hanan M. , Bakr Ahmed , Matter Mostafa , Alprol Ahmed E.
Published: November 2024

Several studies have shown the importance of using seaweed liquid extract (True-Algae-Max, TAM) as a fish feed additive, and fish-water conditioner. In addition, TAM has demonstrated significant growth improvement when used as a plant growth biostimulant. This study investigates whether seaweed liquid extract (TAM) can achieve good results in new experimental fields such as chromium remediation, plant germination, and live feed supplementation for marine invertebrate Copepod (Oithona nana). In this study, several doses of TAM were tested, for the first time, for their impact on the remediation of chromium (Cr6+) ions from aqueous solutions and as an aqua feed additive for marine copepods (Oithona nana). In addition, it has been tested as promising for the seed germination of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) and Faba bean (Vicia faba L.). The most important factors influencing the removal (%) of Cr6+, identified using a two-level Plackett–Burman factorial design, were selected for additional optimization utilizing a rotatable central composite design. The maximum adsorption of Cr6+ was 93.65% under ideal operating circumstances, which included an initial Cr6+ concentration of 60 mg L−1, a temperature of 25 °C, a pH of 3, a TAM biomass of 0.05 g, and a contact time of 60 min at agitation conditions. Plackett–Burman design data shows the significance of each factor and how well the model fits the Cr6+ removal. The results of the germination experiment revealed that the highest significant increase in seed germination was achieved using a TAM level of 0.30 mg mL−1 with V. faba (88%) and 0.03 mg mL−1 with T. foenum-graecum (96.6%). Additionally, compared to the control group, TAM at a level of 0.037 mg mL−1 showed high root length enhancement on V. faba (184%) and T. foenum-graecum (188%). The results of the copepod O. nana feeding additive experiment found that the group fed on starch supplemented with TAM at a level of 0.3 mL L−1, compared to the control group that fed starch only, showed the highest increment in population growth (134.74%), fecundity (270.16%), and population composition of males (133.45%), adults (120.37%), and nauplius (203.18%). Moreover, compared to the control group, the copepod that fed starch supplemented with TAM levels achieved the highest Omega-9 content. In conclusion, it is shown that TAM is a feasible, efficient, and sustainable solution for biodegradable adsorbent for the Cr6+ from aqueous solution, enhances plant seed germination and root length, and is a novel feed additive for marine copepod O. nana, especially in marine invertebrate hatcheries.
Analysis of four long non-coding RNAs for hepatocellular carcinoma screening and prognosis by the aid of machine learning techniques
Authors: Samir Ahmed , Abdeldaim Amira , Mohammed Ammar , Ali Asmaa , Alorabi Mohamed , Hussein Mariam M. , Bakr Yasser Mabrouk , Ibrahim Asmaa Mohamed , Abdelhafiz Ahmed Samir
Published: November 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a significant health burden in Egypt, largely attributable to the endemic prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses. Early identification of HCC remains a challenge due to the lack of widespread screening among at-risk populations. The objective of this study was to assess the utility of machine learning in predicting HCC by analyzing the combined expression of lncRNAs and conventional laboratory biomarkers. Plasma levels of four lncRNAs (LINC00152, LINC00853, UCA1, and GAS5) were quantified in a cohort of 52 HCC patients and 30 age-matched controls. The individual diagnostic performance of each lncRNA was assessed using ROC curve analysis. Subsequently, a machine learning model was constructed using Python’s Scikit-learn platform to integrate these lncRNAs with additional clinical laboratory parameters for HCC diagnosis. Individual lncRNAs exhibited moderate diagnostic accuracy, with sensitivity and specificity ranging from 60 to 83% and 53–67%, respectively. In contrast, the machine learning model demonstrated superior performance, achieving 100% sensitivity and 97% specificity. Notably, a higher LINC00152 to GAS5 expression ratio significantly correlated with increased mortality risk. The integration of lncRNA biomarkers with conventional laboratory data within a machine learning framework demonstrates significant potential for developing a precise and cost-effective diagnostic tool for HCC. To enhance the model’s robustness and prognostic capabilities, future studies should incorporate larger cohorts and explore a wider array of lncRNAs.
The influence of geometric nonconformance of the SB4 tension clamps on their strength and elasticity characteristics
Authors: Pieniak Daniel , Guzik Mirosław , Lonkwic Paweł , Lesiak Piotr , Selech Jaroslaw , Krzysiak Zbigniew , Matijosius Jonas , Sejkorova Marie , Kilikevičius Artūras
Published: November 2024

The paper presents comparative laboratory investigations of tension fastener models that attach rails to concrete sleepers. The aim of the paper was to assess the influence of geometric nonconformity of the actual industrial product that meets the PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A. requirements on the operation of a tension-fastening clamp under stress. Due to the cost and limited possibility of research of the actual industrial product, an additional objective of the research was to validate the usefulness of it in the comparative assessment of the models. In the research, the authors used models of tension fastening clamps manufactured in incremental engineering technology (3D print) on scale 1:2. The properties of the fastening clamps (in their nominal shape) were compared (described in the PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A. documentation) with the fastening clamps of the actual shape. In the investigation, the authors have confirmed the negative influence of the non-conformance of the shape of the actual fastening clamps with the nominal ones.
Goreisan promotes diuresis by regulating the abundance of aquaporin 2 phosphorylated at serine 269 through calcium-sensing receptor activation
Authors: Ogura Keisuke , Fujitsuka Naoki , Nahata Miwa , Tokita Yohei
Published: November 2024

Aquaporin 2 (AQP2) contributes to water reabsorption and urine concentration by migrating to the luminal surface of the collecting ducts in an anti-diuretic hormone-stimulated manner, and the signaling pathway involved in AQP2 subcellular localization is a target for arginine vasopressin receptor antagonists (aquaretics). This study investigated the involvement of AQP2 in the diuretic effect and mechanisms of Goreisan (GRS), a traditional Japanese Kampo medicine used to treat conditions such as edema in patients with decreased urination. GRS exerted diuretic effects on desmopressin (DDAVP)-induced decreases in urine output and the level of AQP2 phosphorylated at Serine269 (pSer269-AQP2) in the renal tissues of mice. Furthermore, GRS inhibited the accumulation of pSer269-AQP2 to the luminal side following forskolin stimulation using a 3D culture model of the kidney collecting duct cell line mIMCD-3. GRS induced a transient increase in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration via the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and suppressed the forskolin-stimulated increase in cAMP production. These results suggest that GRS regulates urine volume by modulating the subcellular localization of AQP2 via CaSR.
Flat dispersion at large momentum transfer at the onset of exciton polariton formation
Authors: Nerl Hannah C. , Elyas Khairi , Kochovski Zdravko , Talebi Nahid , Koch Christoph T. , Höflich Katja
Published: November 2024

Excitons are quasiparticles, comprised of an electron excited from the valence band and attracted to the hole left behind, that govern transport properties in transition metal dichalcogenides. Excitonic coherence specifically needs to be understood to realise applications based on Bose-Einstein condensation and superfluidity. Here we used momentum-resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy to obtain the complete energy-momentum dispersion of excitons in thin film and monolayer WSe2 across the entire Brillouin zone, including outside of the light cone and for a large energy-loss range (1.5–4 eV). The measured dispersion of the modes was found to be flat. This suggests that the excitations are at the onset of polaritonic mode formation, propagating in the confinement of nanometer thin and monolayer WSe2. In combination with helium ion microscopy nanopatterning it was possible to probe and control these excitonic modes in thin film WSe2 by modifying the local geometry through nanosized cuts.
Chitosan microsphere-supported catalysts: design, synthesis and optimization for ethylene polymerization
Authors: Dorresteijn Joren M. , Conradi Robin , Mandemaker Laurens D. B. , Schnabl Kordula , Cirriez Virginie , Welle Alexandre , Curulla-Ferré Daniel , Meirer Florian , Vogt Eelco T. C. , Weckhuysen Bert M.
Published: November 2024

Chitosan, a biopolymer derived from waste, is shaped as a support to facilitate polymerization. Synthesis optimization was done by definitive screening design, while the generated catalysts were tested for polymerization and analyzed by spectroscopy.
Bimetallic ZnSe–SnSe2 heterostructure functionalized separator for high-rate Li–S batteries
Authors: Xue Jiayi , Yang Daotong , Lin Jianhua , Zhuang Quan , Jia Mingxun , Wu Tong , Ji Lei , Zhang Yingying , Niu Zhiqing , Liu Jinghai
Published: November 2024

Schematic illustration for the design of a ZnSe–SnSe2@OCN functionalized separator for Li–S batteries.
Anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activities of novel hydrazone derivatives via downregulation of interleukin-6
Authors: Nabil Ahmed , Abdel-Motaal Marwa , Hassan Ayman , Elshemy Mohamed M. , Asem Medhat , Elwan Mariam , Ebara Mitsuhiro , Abdelmageed Mohammed , Shiha Gamal , Azzazy Hassan M. E.
Published: November 2024

A novel hydrazone derivative, compound 16, demonstrated a potent anticancer effect against hepatocellular carcinoma.
Comprehensive characterization of anthraquinones in Damnacanthus indicus using mass spectrometry molecular networking and metabolomics-based herb discrimination
Authors: Zeng Lihua , Yan Xing , Xu Ya , Zheng Lulu , Deng Wenwen , Li Mengning , Li Hui , Wang Zhixin
Published: November 2024

Comprehensive characterization of anthraquinones in Damnacanthus indicus using mass spectrometry molecular networking and metabolomics-based herb discrimination.
Correction: Enhanced desalination with polyamide thin-film membranes using ensemble ML chemometric methods and SHAP analysis
Authors: Usman Jamilu , Abba Sani I. , Abdu Fahad Jibrin , Yogarathinam Lukka Thuyavan , Usman Abdullah G. , Lawal Dahiru , Salhi Billel , Aljundi Isam H.
Published: November 2024

Correction for ‘Enhanced desalination with polyamide thin-film membranes using ensemble ML chemometric methods and SHAP analysis’ by Jamilu Usman et al., RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 31259–31273, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA06078D.
Graphitic nitrogen induced identical fluorescent emission of carbon dots for scalable anti-counterfeiting applications
Authors: Wang Channa , Liu Fuzhu , Du Mingjin , Zhang Mi , Ding Xiangdong , Xiang Changsheng
Published: November 2024

The introduction of graphitic N renders carbon dots with identical fluorescence. This approach mitigates the pronounced reaction-condition variant problem, thereby facilitating the large-scale, precise synthesis of monochromatic carbon dots.
Tumor microenvironment-regulated nanoplatform for enhanced chemotherapy, cuproptosis and nonferrous ferroptosis combined cancer therapy
Authors: Meng Xiangyu , Tian Lu , Zhang Jingmei , Wang Jiaoyu , Cao Xuewei , Hu Zunfu , Sun Yunqiang , Dai Zhichao , Zheng Xiuwen
Published: November 2024

Schematic preparation process of CCDRH and its synergistic anticancer mechanisms triggered by chemotherapy, cuproptosis and nonferrous ferroptosis.
Enhanced room-temperature electrocaloric performance by both multiphase coexistence and diffused phase transition in (Ba0.65Sr0.3Ca0.05)(SnxTi1−x)O3 ferroelectric ceramics
Authors: Lin Mingmei , Luo Zhihong , Sun Haochen , Zhang Biao , Han Feifei , Niu Xiang , Wang Dingyuan , Bai Yisong , Chen Xue , Peng Biaolin , Lu Shengguo , Liu Laijun
Published: November 2024

Multiphase coexistence and DPT are designed to enhance ECE. A very high ΔT of 1.79 K (indirect) and 2.19 K (direct) and large Tspan of 26 K (90% ΔTmax) and 45 K (80% ΔTmax) are obtained in the ceramics (Ba0.65Sr0.3Ca0.05)(SnxTi1−x)O3 for x = 0.02.
Photoluminescence, persistent luminescence and thermoluminescence studies of Cr-doped zinc gallogermanate (ZGGO:Cr)
Authors: M. Esteves Duarte , S. Batista Maria , Rodrigues Joana , Girão Ana V. , C. Alves Luís , Rodrigues Ana L. , Dias M. Isabel , Costa Florinda M. , Lorenz Katharina , O. Pereira Sónia , Monteiro Teresa , Peres Marco
Published: November 2024

This work explores the optical properties of Cr-doped zinc gallogermanate by assessing trap states in its bandgap, as well as their relation to its red/NIR persistent luminescence, which is promising for bioimaging and optical dosimetry applications.
Wastewater-induced microplastic biofouling in freshwater: role of particle size and flow velocity
Authors: Bhardwaj Gaurav , Mohammadiun Malihe , Osorio Gonzalez Carlos Saul , Kaur Brar Satinder , Karimpour Shooka
Published: November 2024

Illustrating microplastics' pivotal role in freshwater biofilm dynamics and pathogen transport.
A multimodal expert system for the intelligent monitoring and maintenance of transformers enhanced by multimodal language large model fine‐tuning and digital twins
Authors: Zhang Xuedong , Sun Wenlei , Chen Ke , Jiang Renben
Published: November 2024

The development of multimodal large models and digital twin technology is set to revolutionise the methods of intelligent monitoring and maintenance for transformers. To address the issues of low intelligence level, single application mode, and poor human–machine collaboration in traditional transformer monitoring and maintenance methods, an intelligent monitoring and maintenance digital twin multimodal expert reasoning system, fine‐tuned on visual language‐based large models, is proposed. The paper explores the modes and methods for implementing intelligent monitoring and maintenance of transformers based on multimodal data, large models, and digital twin technology. A multimodal language large model (MLLM) framework for intelligent transformer maintenance, grounded on the Large Language and Vision Assistant model, has been designed. To enable large models to understand and reason about image annotation areas, an adaptive grid‐based positional information processor has been designed. To facilitate the compatibility and learning of large models with transformer Dissolved Gas Analysis data, a heterogeneous modality converter based on the Gram–Schmidt angular field has been developed. For the unified modelling and management of multimodal reasoning and comprehensive resource integration in human–machine dialogue, a central linker based on an identity resolution asset management shell has been designed. Subsequently, a visual‐language multimodal dataset for transformer monitoring and maintenance was constructed. Finally, by fine‐tuning parameters, a multimodal expert reasoning system for intelligent transformer monitoring and maintenance was developed. This system not only achieves real‐time monitoring of the transformer's operational status but also generates maintenance strategies intelligently based on operational conditions. The expert system possesses robust human–machine dialogue capabilities and reasoning generation abilities. This research provides a reference for the deep integration of MLLM and digital twin in industrial scenarios, particularly in the application modes of intelligent operation and maintenance for transformers.
Soil-climate dependence of forest plant growth in western Tien-Shan
Authors: Mukhsimov Nurullo , Djurayeva Nargiza
Published: November 2024

In this article, it was determined during phenological observations and laboratory analyzes that the growth and development of tree-shrub seedlings scattered in the nut-bearing forests of Western Tien-Shan depends on the soil and climate conditions. The processes of natural reproduction of walnut forests in Western Tian-Shan are currently unsatisfactory. First, we determined the coefficient of growth of trees and shrubs in the forests, and the moisture content of the soil, humus layer, pH and climate indicators (air temperature, temperature of the surface layer of the earth, amount of precipitation) are constantly changing indicators, observation work was carried out on a monthly basis, and on the 20th of every month, biometric measurements of tree-shrub seedlings and soil separate analyzes were taken from 4 poles to determine humidity, surface temperature, and correlation was determined based on correlation.
Biological methods for protecting hawthorns in Uzbekistan
Authors: Akhmedova Zahro , Mukhsimov Nurullo , Khusanov Tokhir , Khujaev Otabek , Odina Nazarova
Published: November 2024

The article presents the results of the control of hawthorn plantations in the nut-fruit zone of the Burchmullinsky forestry enterprise, Bostanlyk district, Tashkent region in order to identify the most common hawthorn diseases. Phenological observations of the development of the identified diseases on different vegetative parts of hawthorn are described; 10 isolates of pathogens were isolated from 3 affected samples (leaves, stems, branches), among which fungi had the most predominant effects. Phytopathogenic fungi were identified using classical and modern methods: the fungus Gymnosporangium confusum Plowr. and the fungus Cylindrosporium oxyacanthae Iaca. Biologically active substances, biopesticides of microbial origin were used to eliminate the identified hawthorn diseases. Rust disease under the influence of biopreparations was suppressed from 83.3% to 92.5%, while brown spot was suppressed from 82.4% to 91.3%.
Regeneration of Abies Alba Mill. On the territory of the Polessky state forestry
Authors: Ermakov Sergei , Zhigunov Anatoly , Belousova Polina
Published: November 2024

Abies alba Mill. is a breed planted for initial introduction testing more than 120 years ago on the territory of East Prussia, now the Kaliningrad region, and have the interest to evaluate the results of the introduction. The assessment of taxation indicators was carried out with clarification of the individual trees age, storiness of forest, the sanitary condition, the presence and determination of the species composition of related species, the composition of the undergrowth, the presence of young undergrowth and assessment of its conditions, the presence and abundance of self-seeding. The characteristic of soils and ground cover is given. In the studied area, the type of forest conditions is C 2, the type of forest is sour fir. Two age groups of A. alba were identified within the quarter: the initially laid culture consists of specimens about 100 years old (h 35.5 m) and form 1 layer. The second generation forms the second layer  these are specimens about 50 years old (h 28m). Related rocks in the surveyed area are Quercus robur L., Fagus sylvatica L., Quercus rubra L., Betula pendula Roth., Picea abies. The composition of the second layer is expressed by the formula 7A(b)2B1F+Or+Oe+Bh. A. alba has a massive undergrowth forming scattered group of young undergrowth from 1 to 3 m high, in addition to it, young undergrowth of the above-mentioned species is present in the composition. The available self-seeding with strong variability averages about 48 pcs/m2. In the studied area, the A. alba plantation develops according to the Ist bonitet, has good seedling, seedlings are quite viable and abundant, persist and successfully survive without human intervention. Undergrowth and self-seeding occur not only directly under the crown cover of mother trees, but also at great distances from fruiting specimens. Good growth and development of the introduced A. alba is at the same time a factor that increases the likelihood of death of age-related specimens and suppression of undergrowth of P.abies, the main concomitant and competitive breed.
The effectiveness of exposure to ultraviolet radiation on biological objects
Authors: Korablev Ruslan , Belokurov Vladimir , Busarin Eduard , Likhachev Dmitry , Golev A.
Published: November 2024

The article discusses the pre-sowing treatment of seeds of scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) with ultraviolet (UV) irradiation in order to increase their germination and germination energy. Seed treatment was carried out under the influence of a halogen incandescent lamp of the KGM 12-100 type, from the radiation spectrum of which ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 365 nm were isolated. The work used radiation doses that corresponded to exposures from 1 to 20 minutes. After that, the germination and germination energy of seeds were studied; the safety and growth dynamics of seedlings in laboratory and field conditions; the mechanism of UV radiation exposure at the cellular and subcellular level was considered. The studies were carried out using the circular dichroism method. The specificity of changes in enzymatic systems under the influence of stress factors has been revealed.
Biodiversity of linden forests (Tilia cordata Mill.) in Western Siberia
Authors: Kazantseva Mariya , Arefyev Stanislav , Artemenko Sergey
Published: November 2024

At the eastern border of small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata Mill.) dispersal, in the subzone of small-leaved forests of Western Siberia, 5 main types of linden forests were identified: fern, horsetail, reedgrass, broad-grass, forb-herbs. The taxonomic list of linden vascular plants includes 74 species, from 64 genera and 31 families. Forb-herbs linden forest is characterized by the widest species diversity, while fern forest is characterized by the smallest. The floristic similarity between different types of linden forests ranges from 43.3 to 63.2 %. In the whole floristic complex of linden forests, 35 % is accounted for the nemoral group, which includes associated linden relicts of the tertiary flora of broad-leaved forests. In linden-containing forests, 77 species of xylotrophic fungi from 26 families and 7 orders were observed.
Response of Scots pine ecotypes in geographical crops to climate change
Authors: Chernyshov Mikhail , Mikhailova Maria
Published: November 2024

The current sanitary condition of trees and stands of forest-steppe and steppe ecotypes of Scots pine is considered in relation to responses to climate change. Based on wood cores taken from 96 model trees in 62-year-old seed progenies of pine of different geographical origin on 32 sample plots, trends in the change in the width of annual rings and their structure by calendar years are established, and the magnitude and nature of responses of tree growth of different pine ecotypes to climate change are shown.
The use of nanoscale silicon oxide to improve the properties of natural wood
Authors: Dmitrenkov Alexandr , Tomina Elena , Nikulin Sergey , Zhuzhukin Konstantin
Published: November 2024

The aim of the work was to develop and study new compositions for the treatment of natural wood based on used vegetable oil with the addition of nanosized silicon oxide to obtain a wood composite with improved properties. The basis of the developed impregnating compositions was used frying vegetable oil. Additives of nanopowders of amorphous and crystalline silicon oxide were introduced into the compositions at a dosage of 0.01 to 0.5%. To modify wood, a stable suspension of synthesized silicon oxide nanopowders in used sunflower oil was prepared. The processing of wood samples was carried out by the method of “hot-cold impregnation”. The obtained wood composites with the addition of nanosized silicon oxide had improved hydrophobic properties of wood (an increase in the contact angle by 30%), increased moisture and water resistance (by 11 and 14 times, respectively), as well as reduced swelling in the tangential and radial (5 times) directions in comparison with natural wood after 1 day of testing. The optimal dosage of silicon oxide nanopowders (0.01%) was chosen. A comparative evaluation of the use of amorphous and crystalline silicon oxides in impregnating compositions based on used vegetable oil was carried out using birch wood as an example.
Symbiotic activity of nodule bacteria in alfalfa crops
Authors: Lushchenko G.V. , Gasiev V.I.
Published: November 2024

A model association of legume-rhizobial symbiosis was obtained on a stamped callus culture of alfalfa roots when infected with Rhizobium meliloti. Using a culture aligned with the growth rate of strains, it was possible to obtain a reliable experimental model for studying the relationships of a legume plant with nodule bacteria. A regime has been worked out to obtain an effective imitation association of strain culture of callus tissues – fast-growing nodule bacteria on the example of infected with Rhizobium meliloti cells of callus tissues of alfalfa roots (Medicago sativa). The growth characteristics of the strain culture of the callus tissues of alfalfa roots were obtained: the most favorable period of infection of calluses with nodule bacteria was revealed; the optimal infectious load of nodule bacteria was selected – 5-7 rhizobia cells per 1 cell of alfalfa root callus; it was confirmed that incubation of associations on a medium containing a small amount of nitrogen and without kinetin contributes to the best manifestation of nitrogenase activity of associations. The act of introducing nodule bacteria of alfalfa into the cells of the tissue culture of its roots has been established. Bacteria were detected inside plant cells on the 7th day of infection of host plant tissues. The nitrogenase activity of the model systems increased with an increase in the incubation time of associations (from 1 to 4 days) on a medium without growth stimulants containing a small amount of nitrogen.
Modeling of biogeochemical processes in the Azov Sea based on the Azov3D software package
Authors: Sukhinov Alexander , Belova Yulia , Atayan Asya
Published: November 2024

The article presents the results of mathematical modeling of biogeochemical cycles in the Azov Sea taking into account spatially three-dimensional processes of hydrodynamics, transport and transformation of biogenic substances, and plankton populations based on the Azov3D software package, which has proven itself as an effective tool for analyzing and forecasting hydrophysical processes in coastal and marine ecosystems. The main attention is paid to the description of the features of the used combined 3D models of hydrodynamics, transport, dynamics of biogenic substances and plankton populations, as well as the functional capabilities of the complex, which include modeling the dynamics of nutrients, the distribution of organic matter and the interaction of various components of the ecosystem. The article discusses in detail the practical aspects of using Azov3D, such as modeling biogeochemical cycles, assessing anthropogenic impact on the marine environment and forecasting hazardous environmental processes, including fish kills. Particular attention is paid to the possibility of integrating in-situ observations and satellite monitoring data into models, which increases the efficiency and reliability of forecasts.
Study of the work of modern logging machines in mountain conditions
Authors: Glushkov Sergey , Boyadzhiev Dmitryi , Chernykh Aleksander , Popikov Petr , Afonichev Dmitryi , Abramov Vitaliy , Polukarov Dmitryi , Savchenko Konstantin , Zhuzhukin Stanislav
Published: November 2024

The article presents the results of a study on the operation of the Mounty 4000 machine with the Woody H60 processor head in the mountainous conditions of Bulgaria. The structuring of the machine operation cycle was carried out and for each component the values of their durations were obtained in the course of a production experiment. This allows predicting the productivity of work, as well as the economic efficiency of using the “mountain harvester” in logging. In the course of the simulation experiment, the dependence of the damage of tree trunks left in the cutting area on the density of planting, the distance of skidding and the intensity of felling during the primary transportation of wood was established. This allows for a comprehensive assessment of the functioning of the Mounty 4000 machine simultaneously from economic and environmental points of view at the stage of technological design of logging operations.
Achievements and challenges of modified wood on the example of birch veneer
Authors: Shamaev Vladimir , Medvedev Ilya , Russu Aleksander , Tyurin Aleksander , Samodurov Aleksander , Yunak Maria , Storodubtseva Tamara , Ziemelis Andris , Garkusha Oksana
Published: November 2024

The article provides a comparative analysis of modern technologies for producing various grades of modified wood, such as Accoja, Kebony, Belmadur, Destam, Woodest, Thermowood and others. A brief description of new modification technologies developed at Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies is provided. The most promising of them are the following: technology of pressing and molding a cylindrical blank into timber, when the price of modified wood becomes less than the price of natural oak; technology for changing the strength, color and texture of wood to obtain complete analogues of polysander, mahogany, etc.; technology of wood pressing upto the density of wood substance; technology of plywood strengthening using nanocrystalline cellulose for LVL blocks production; manufacturing technology for power transmission poles and railway transfer bars due to the “self-pressing” effect; technology for producing railway ties, where the operations of drying, impregnation and pressing are combined in place and time. Production technology of end-panel parquet intended for use in gyms, supermarkets, universities, schools, etc. has been examined in detail, since wear resistance of end-face parquet is 3-4 times higher than that of natural oak one. A distinctive feature of the technology is that birch wood is pressed along the fibers.
Improving the system of labor standards in forest nursery
Authors: Panyavina Ekaterina , Tseplyaev Alexey
Published: November 2024

Improving the labor standardization system in forest nurseries requires regular revision and updating of the current regulatory framework. The study is aimed at assessing the state of the existing labor standardization system at forestry enterprises producing planting material. The relevance of improving the labor standardization system in forest nurseries is confirmed in connection with the introduction of new production technologies and the use of new equipment in their activities, as well as the orientation of enterprises to increase labor productivity and improve accounting processes of activities. The necessity of defining labor standards for the operation of digging large-sized planting material is substantiated, a step-by-step description of the labor standardization process for this operation with the selection of necessary measures and methods is given. The optimal composition of work on digging large-sized trees is determined and a photograph of working time is taken, which will allow determining the optimal structure of labor time costs. The labor intensity of digging one unit of large-sized forest planting material is determined. The obtained results open up new directions of scientific research in determining time standards and production standards for forestry work.
Automation of business processes with the help of information system in forest industry
Authors: Moiseeva Elena , Glinscaya Anna , Panfilov Ilia , Divaeva Anna , Kukartsev Anatoly
Published: November 2024

This paper considers the development of an automated information system to improve and increase the efficiency of management of service provision processes. This is achieved by automating the process of submitting requests, monitoring the quality and quantity of solutions to such requests. The system is designed to provide access to the list of services provided, its timely updating and optimization; generation of all types of reports; providing managers of departments of the enterprise with a tool that automates most of the routine work on the design of the results of the activities of departments and related documents.
Study of stress concentration on the surface of a freight car traction clamp
Authors: Martynenko L. V.
Published: November 2024

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the influence of loads on the structural integrity of a railway train elements. The focus is on load calculations using the Femap software package, which provides accurate modeling and analysis of mechanical systems. The study is aimed at identifying potential points of failure and stress concentration in the traction clamp as part of the automatic coupler of a freight car. The main problem addressed in the article is assessing the strength and durability of the traction clamp under operating conditions. The relevance of the study lies in the context of ensuring the safety and reliability of railway transport. The results obtained can be used to optimize the design and production process, as well as to develop recommendations for improving the design parameters of traction clamps, thereby reducing the likelihood of destruction and accidents.
Application of digital technologies in construction for the purpose of rational energy consumption and achievement of environmental sustainability
Authors: Kuzmina Tatyana , Bolshakova Polina , Gordashnikova Maria , Gordashnikova Daria
Published: November 2024

Managing the life cycle of a construction project using digital technologies has its own peculiarities and causes a number of problems which may have environmental consequences during the construction of facilities. The subject of the study is to review modern IT technologies in the field of construction work and design of buildings and structures. The purpose of the scientific work is to conduct a thematic content analysis and interpret information to assess the impact of the use of digital technologies on the rational use of various resources, including energy consumption, on the environmental sustainability of a construction site, and on the results of the work of a construction organization. In conclusion, it was considered that competent management of the life cycle of a construction project, the use of digital technologies, and the use of modern IT technologies affect the assessment of energy consumption, environmental consequences, the identification of hazardous factors and possible consequences of the impact of construction process. A strategy for the integrated use of digital technologies is needed, which, in turn, will ensure the synergistic effects of their use and will contribute to the further development of sustainable construction, without causing damage to the environment.
Dynamics of protective plantings of the Crimea
Authors: Tsaralunga Anna , Garnaga Victor , Matytsina Elizaveta
Published: November 2024

Protective stands of the forest fund are one of the most important components of environmental safety and sustainable development of the territory. They perform important functions: protecting soils from erosion, regulating the microclimate, improving air and water quality, and ensuring biological diversity. Dzhankoy district is one of the regions where the role of protective plantations of the forest fund is especially important. This area is characterized by a steppe landscape and is subject to strong winds and sandstorms, which leads to intense soil erosion and degradation of the natural background. In this regard, the study of the dynamics of protective plantations of the forest fund and their impact on the natural background in the Dzhankoy district of the Republic of Crimea is becoming an urgent problem for modern science and practice. This study will help to formulate recommendations and suggestions for improving the environmental situation in the region.
Clean air technologies: Modern approaches to reducing the toxicity of wood slab materials
Authors: Lavlinskaya Olga , Lavlinskiyi Alexei
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the work was to study and analyze existing methods for reducing the toxicity of wood slab materials. The requirements for the release of free formaldehyde from plywood of chipboard and other types of boards are constantly being tightened, since this toxicant is a strong carcinogen and can contribute to the development of a number of diseases in humans. Therefore, obtaining environmentally friendly wood slab materials in the process of their manufacture and operation, in order to prevent various human diseases, is an urgent problem. The paper presents the results of experimental studies on the development of formulations of adhesives based on urea-formaldehyde resins for gluing plywood and plywood products containing a filler that can simultaneously act as a formaldehyde acceptor and glue hardener. Waste from woodworking industries – oak bark flour, birch bast flour and wood flour are recommended as fillers. In order to increase their adsorption capacity, a rational mode of acid modification of these fillers has been established (activating agent – 12% solution of orthophosphoric acid, processing time 6-8 hours, processing temperature 800C). Acid activation of the selected fillers in the established mode allowed to increase their adsorption capacity for formaldehyde by about 80%. The introduction of acid-treated vegetable fillers into the CFS in the amount of 2-3 wt. h. per 100 wt. h. of resin allowed to reduce the content of free formaldehyde in liquid glue by 6-12 times. The use of these adhesive compositions allows you to completely eliminate the expensive hardener from the glue formulation when gluing plywood.
Biodiesel production technology using low-potential energy
Authors: Serdyukova Natalya , Shevtsov Alexander
Published: November 2024

Fatty acid esters obtained as a result of transesterification of vegetable oils or chemical reactions with alcohols are currently the main alternative fuels used in power plants. Since they do not contain aromatic hydrocarbons and sulfur compounds, emissions of CO2, hydrocarbons, carcinogens and carcinogenic substances into the atmosphere are significantly reduced compared to fuels derived from oil. An analysis of the efficiency reserves of the most promising biodiesel production technologies shows the advantages of using supercritical fluids to isolate CO2 from a biodiesel mixture and then separate glycerol, which is associated with environmental cleanliness, safety and energy efficiency. It is shown that the improvement of the technology of supercritical fluids for the production of biodiesel from vegetable oil can be achieved by connecting the OCF absorption-water-ammonia refrigeration unit technology to the general energy supply scheme.
Methodology for assessing the financing of measures taken greening the forest complex
Authors: Shanin Igor , Shtondin Anatoly , Kuznetsova Ekaterina
Published: November 2024

You Today, environmental protection and maintenance of the necessary ecological situation in the regions attract more and more attention not only from public environmental organizations, but also from the management of industrial enterprises. It is important to note the impact of the level of financing of environmental measures on the state of the environment in industrial regions. In the forestry complex of the Russian Federation, sufficient attention is paid to the issues of greening by industrial enterprises. But these measures are not enough, this is primarily due to the vastness of forest areas and rather complex labour-intensive technological processes. It is worth paying attention to the volume and directions of financing projects aimed at increasing the level of greening of the forestry complex. The article proposes the author’s model of environmental and economic factor dependence in the prevention and suppression of forest fires, and effective reforestation, which takes into account all areas of influence on the greening of the forest complex. Based on the analysed analytical data, a methodology is proposed aimed at identifying problem areas in the financing of environmental projects. The methodology is based on the analysis of the necessary indicators and the system of influence on the attraction of financing of forest fires, taking into account the identification of ineffective measures in their prevention. The forecast of the necessary indicators was carried out according to the proposed factor dependence and the areas experiencing a shortage of financing of environmental measures were identified. All values should be close to the optimal indicator of 3.07, but not less than the average value for the forecast periods of 2.69.
Environmental impact assessments and their importance for ensuring water security
Authors: Azarkhin Aleksey , Danilov Ilya
Published: November 2024

This article is devoted to the procedural institute of environmental expertise of water objects, which has relatively recently received a residence in the domestic legal proceedings. Restoration of certain places requires considerable time, carrying out expensive reanimation works. Predictive activity and elements of propaedeutics become an important track in preservation of environmental safety. Specialized knowledge is required to solve such objectives. Complexity of studying of water bodies, their connection with other resources makes the format of complex hydro-ecological expertise in demand. Representatives of natural and applied sciences are involved. As a result, we get synthetic conclusions, which can be used in evidence. Theory recognizes the importance of this type of analysis, but the methodological basis for it has not been properly developed. Practice articulates the need for such research. The introduction shows the complexity of organizing and conducting environmental expertise of water bodies, the scope of analytical and empirical objectives is outlined. In the course of the description of materials and methods of research, conclusions are formulated about the demand for a particular format of research, prospects for its use in proving criminal, administrative and civil cases. The idea about the difficulty of defining the expert objective in the assigned segment is substantiated, as there are no clear ideas about the possibilities of science in this special field. The methodological basis for the study of the highlighted moments is based on the combination of axiological aspects and systemic principles with the application of the activity trajectory. The methodological block reveals and substantiates the most effective means and ways of this kind of research for the purposes of identification and investigation of environmental crimes; consideration of civil law disputes related to water objects. The discussions formulate the problems of development of this type of expertise, with proposals to overcome them.
Methodology for assessing NBCs to achieve carbon neutrality
Authors: Stepanova Yuliya , Shashkin Anton , Vishlov Stanislav
Published: November 2024

In a modern economy focused on low-carbon trends, it is possible to achieve sustainable development through an effective assessment of the main object, namely natural capital, which makes it possible to form natural solutions aimed at reducing climate risks and threats as a result of the anthropogenic impact of economic processes on the environment. The concept of natural solutions has spread amid increasing attention to the problem of climate change, primarily in the context of recognizing the role of ecosystems in storing and absorbing CO2 in order to mitigate climate change, that is, the role of mitigation. An important advantage of natural and climatic solutions is the economic advantage expressed in their lower cost compared to technological solutions for carbon sequestration. The purpose of this study was to analyze methodological approaches to the economic assessment of natural and climatic solutions, which are complex practices with consumer (market) and non-consumer (non-market) values aimed at protecting, restoring and sustainable use of natural ecosystems. The article presents an algorithm, the advantages and disadvantages of the main methodological approaches to the economic assessment of natural and climatic solutions are formed. The main problems of their application and the factors influencing this process are outlined.