bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teacher’s Practice in Digital Inquiry-based Science Learning in a Primary School
Authors: Kamarudin Muhammad Zulfadhli , Mat Noor Mohd Syafiq Aiman
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to explore the implementation of digital inquiry-based science learning in a rural primary school classroom in Melaka, Malaysia. The participants were eight Year 4 pupils (10–11 years old). Using a classroom action research approach, the study utilized two action research cycles using the bscs 5E Instructional Model to create lesson plans. The study’s findings reveal that effective digital inquiry-based science learning development in primary schools requires activities that align with and harness pupils’ prior knowledge, cross-curricular applications, differentiated learning, inquiry scaffolding, technological scaffolding, pupils’ technological skills, independent learning, learning by doing, and the opportunity to make connections, express ideas and report discoveries. The study illustrates that digital inquiry-based science learning is well-suited for practice in primary schools, enhancing both teachers’ pedagogical approaches and pupils’ conceptual understanding.
Developing a Sustainable Education Protocol for Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (adhd) in the Context of Developing Country
Authors: Chowdhury Sabbir Ahmed
Published: August 2024

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (adhd) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that may significantly impact children’s academic, social, and emotional health. This study has examined the most recent scholarly research on the influence of adhd on children’s academic performance as well inclusive education protocol in different country contexts. Legal and academic interventions for adhd are well-established in developed countries, but there is a significant gap in addressing the needs of children with adhd in developing countries. This research study aims to fill the gap by suggesting a sustainable formal education protocol designed to meet the specific problems and situations of developing countries. The proposed Strategies-Support Services-Collaboration (ssc) protocol is influenced by concepts of inclusion, equity, and sustainability, aiming to address the different challenges encountered by children with adhd in obtaining quality education. The protocol includes measures for early detection and assessment of adhd, customised academic accommodations and support services, teacher training and capacity-building programmes, and collaborations with community resources and healthcare professionals. This research intends to empower educators, policymakers, and communities by proposing a sustainable formal education protocol. The goal is to establish more inclusive and supportive learning settings for children with adhd, thereby enhancing their academic success and general well-being. Integrating children with adhd into formal school aligns with the Sustainable Development Goal (sdg) 4 which aims to offer inclusive and quality education for everyone.
The rise and fall of the Ottoman Empire’s religiously inspired status symbols
Authors: Hisarlıoğlu Fulya , Yanık Lerna K.
Published: August 2024

How do status symbols rise and fall? Or better said, how does a status symbol become a status symbol and then cease to be one? We examine the rise and the fall of the Ottoman Empire’s two socialization practices with the international society as status symbols: sending and receiving envoys/establishing permanent representation abroad and granting capitulations/extraterritoriality—economic and legal privileges to primarily European countries. We argue and illustrate that status symbols are products of hegemons of the time that dictate the status symbols of the international order at that particular point in time, with little or no recognition. These symbols emanating from the position that the states occupy in the hierarchy can be status-enhancing rather than status-achieving if these states perceive and locate themselves in the higher echelons of the hierarchy in the international order. We contribute to status-seeking literature by examining the rise and fall of status symbols in a non-Western setting and merging ideational and material factors in status-seeking literature.
The data recovery strategy on machine learning against false data injection attacks in power cyber physical systems
Authors: Li Qinxue , Yang Xiaofen , Xie Xuhuan , Liu Guiyun
Published: August 2024

During the transmission of power measurement data through communication networks from remote terminal unit (RTU) to the state estimator in Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), power cyber-physical systems (PCPSs) are more susceptible to cyber-attacks. To mitigate that threat, this paper is concerned with a new data recovery strategy on machine learning against false data injection attacks (FDIAs) in PCPSs. Firstly, in view of the limited resources (such as limited energy) of adversaries and system protections, a sparse target false data injection attack (FDIA) is constructed. Then, the FDIA detection problem is transformed into a tripartite separation problem, and the alternating direction method of multipliers on proximal exchange (ADMM-PE) is adopted to complete the intrusion detection of FDIAs. In addition, with the help of reliable mask information and real incomplete measurement data provided by the FDIA detection, a similar supervised generative adversarial imputation networks (GAIN) is proposed to complete the measurement data recovery after FDIAs. Specifically, the pseudo labels generated by data analysis methods such as k-means clustering and support vector machine (SVM) to improve the accuracy of measurement data recovery. Finally, the experimental results of PCPSs show the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed data recovery strategy against FDIAs.
A clustering-aided multi-agent deep reinforcement learning for multi-objective parallel batch processing machines scheduling in semiconductor manufacturing
Authors: Zhang Peng , Jin Mengyu , Wang Ming , Zhang Jie , He Junjie , Zheng Peng
Published: August 2024

Batch processing machines are often the bottleneck in semiconductor manufacturing and their scheduling plays a key role in production management. Pioneer researches on multi-objective batch machines scheduling mainly focus on evolutionary algorithms, failing to meet the online scheduling demand. To deal with the challenges confronted by incompatible job families, dynamic job arrivals, capacitated machines and multiple objectives, we propose a clustering-aided multi-agent deep reinforcement learning approach (CA-MADRL) for the scheduling problem. Specifically, to achieve diverse nondominated solutions, an offline multi-objective scheduling algorithm named Multi-Subpopulation fast elitist Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (MS-NSGA-II) is firstly developed to obtain the Pareto Fronts, and a clustering algorithm based on cosine distance is employed to analyze the distribution of Pareto frontier solution, which would be used to guide reward functions design in multi-agent deep reinforcement learning. To realize multi-objective optimization, several reinforcement learning base models are trained for different optimization directions, each of which composed of batch forming agent and batch scheduling agent. To alleviate time complexity of model training, a parameter sharing strategy is introduced between different reinforcement learning base model. By validating the proposed approach with 16 instances designed based on actual production data from a semiconductor manufacturing company, it has been demonstrated that the approach not only meets the high-frequency scheduling requirements of manufacturing systems for parallel batch processing machines but also effectively reduces the total job tardiness and machine energy consumption.
The Disconnect Between Soccer Players’ Perceived and Actual Electromyographic-Measured Muscle Activation
Authors: Sevilmiş Ezgi , Atalag Ozan , Baytaş Eda , Henselmans Menno , Balyan Melih , Binboğa Erdal
Published: August 2024

Understanding muscle activation during exercises is crucial for devising effective training programs. We examined correlations between self-reported and electromyographic (EMG) muscle activity during upper-body exercises performed at loads corresponding to 4-6 repetition maximums (RMs). Thirteen male sub-elite soccer players who had previously engaged in resistance training participated in two testing sessions. In the initial session, the loads corresponding to 4–6 repetitions were determined for six exercises: Lat Pull Down (LPD), Barbell Bent Over Row (BBOR), Dumbbell Row (DR), Barbell Pull Over (BPO), Dumbbell Reverse Fly (DRF), and Dumbbell Concentration Curl (DCC). At post-exercise, participants rated their perceived muscle activation for three targeted muscles in each exercise on a 1–10 point Likert scale (LS). In the subsequent session, we used EMG to measure the activity of eight agonist and synergist muscles during these exercises. We found that one of two synergist muscles consistently demonstrated higher activity levels. Interestingly, we observed no difference in activity between primary and secondary (or synergist) muscles across all exercises. Most importantly, we found no significant correlation between the perceived muscle activation rate and the EMG measured activation level for any exercise. In conclusion, our findings suggest that, despite differential muscle activity during specific exercises, self-reported muscle activation may not accurately correspond to actual muscle activation, as measured via EMG, due to the participants’ poor interoceptive awareness of muscles. These data highlight the potential limitations of relying on perceived muscle activation as a sole gauge of training intensity.
Preparation, properties and environment-friendly dyeing application of reactive brilliant blue dye based on triphenodioxazine chromophore
Authors: Yang Jingjing , Yang Xinyi , Wu Cheng , Wang Lin
Published: August 2024

By modifying the structure of the reactive group, the dye VS-GN containing two sulphatoethylsulphone groups based on the triphenodioxazine chromophore was developed. The solubility of VS-GN reached 300 g/L at 25°C. The substantivity and reactivity were 49.3% and 53.1%, respectively. VS-GN showed excellent stability under salt–alkali and alkali stress. Environmentally friendly dyeing methods, including low liquor ratio and cold pad-batch dyeing techniques, were successfully applied for the reactive dye VS-GN. VS-GN completed the exhaust dyeing process at 60°C, and its fixation on cotton fabric was 85.9% at a dye concentration of 2.0% when the liquor ratio was 1:6 and the concentration of Na2CO3 and Na2SO4 were 10 and 80 g/L, respectively. The fixation of the dye VS-GN on cotton fabric using the cold pad-batch dyeing method (10 mL/L of NaOH, 38 oBe’, 20 g/L of Na2CO3, and a batching time of 8 h) was 86.4% at a dye concentration of 20 g/L, which was 27.4% higher than that of conventional reactive brilliant blue KE-GN. The results of the levelness of the dyed cotton fabrics showed that the dyed cotton fabric dyed with VS-GN exhibited a good dyeing level with a low value of Δ E (<0.4). The results of color fastness at a 1/1 standard depth showed that the light fastness of the dyed cotton was grade 4. The dry and wet rubbing fastnesses of the dyed cotton fabric were grades 4–5 and 2–3 or 3, respectively. The washing fastness of the dyed cotton fabric was grade 4 or 4–5.
Adolescent Firearm Suicides in the United States: Exploring Racial and Ethnic Differences, 2004 to 2020
Authors: Weigend Vargas Eugenio , Ewell Foster Cynthia , Mintz Sasha , Hartman Heather A. , Seewald Laura , Sokol Rebeccah , Ehrlich Peter F. , Carter Patrick M. , Goldstick Jason E.
Published: August 2024

Firearm suicides among adolescents have increased in the US and rates vary across racial and ethnic groups. In this study, we examined contextual information around adolescent firearm suicides and analyzed how incident characteristics vary across racial and ethnic groups. We analyzed firearm suicides among adolescents (ages 10–18 years) from 2004 to 2020 using data from the National Fatality Review-Case Reporting System (NFR-CRS). There were 4,153 firearm suicides during that period. Suicides often involved males, older adolescents (15–18 years), and handguns. Most firearms belonged to the primary caregiver and incidents frequently occurred at home. However, we found that characteristics varied substantially across racial and ethnic groups. Overall, we provide new information on firearm suicides among adolescents in the US using a larger dataset than previous studies and found significant differences in characteristics and demographics across racial and ethnic groups. This finding suggests the need for tailored prevention strategies.
Discursively Embedded Institutionalized Stigma in Canadian Judicial Decisions
Authors: Kiepek Niki
Published: August 2024

The aim of this research was to explore how the concept of harm is constituted in case law judicial decisions pertaining to the importation, production, possession, and trafficking of drugs in Canada using critical discourse analysis methodology. The research was designed to uncover taken-for-granted assumptions about drugs and associated harms. The data source for this study is judicial decisions. These are published texts where judge(s) summarize details about the factors considered, provide a reasoned interpretation of sentencing principles relevant to the judicial decision, and explain the rationale for their decision. Initially, codes were identified deductively, using words related to drugs and harm. Codes were added when incidents of moralization language were observed to be high. Moralization language was defined as “the usage of language cues referencing moral values”. The selection process resulted in n = 129 judicial decisions meeting the inclusion criteria. Discourse analysis was guided by four tools described by Gee’s study: the significance tool, the why this way and not that way tool, the connections tool, and the intertextuality tool. Emergent themes are: (1) trafficking as an immoral enterprise; (2) scourge to society, (3) fentanyl and harm, and (4) constructing gravity. This study uncovers discursive practices in many judicial decisions that convey the (re)production of institutionalized stigma. High reliance on legal tropes about drug harms, harm of trafficking, moral culpability associated with distribution of some drugs, by some people, in some ways, and a lack of contextual awareness of social inequities that influence the lives of Canadians perpetuates legal interpretations that support rationales for sentence predicated on denunciation and deterrence.
Exploring the Association of Serum Uric Acid Levels with Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sharifi Alireza , Rabbani Anari Mahtab , Hasanzadeh Armin , Ghaffari Mohammad E. , Ghaedsharaf Sahar , Zojaji Mohaddeseh , Kouhi Ali
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The role of uric acid in pathogenesis of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is not fully understood. It is aimed to assess the serum uric acid levels in BPPV patients compared to healthy controls. Study design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Web of science, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Embase, Medline, and Cochrane library were systematically searched. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) and Problem/Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) guidelines were used. Results: In total, 20 studies including 3967 participants met the inclusion criteria. Ten studies (50%) reported higher uric acid (UA) levels in BPPV patients, 4 studies (20%) indicated lower UA levels in BPPV patients, while 6 studies (30%) found no significant difference in UA levels between BPPV patients and healthy controls. The overall mean serum levels of UA (SMD: 0.265, [−0.163 to 0.693]) were higher in BPPV patients than control group. However, this difference was not statistically significant ( P-value: .225). Conclusion: There is no significant difference in serum level of UA between BPPV patients and healthy controls. It means that serum level of UA (whether low or high) is not likely the underlying factor of development of BPPV.
Establishment and Verification of a Risk Prediction Model for Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Cheng Peng , Zhou Yinxin , Li Mingcai , Wang Yaowen , Li Yan
Published: August 2024

Objective: Factors influencing chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) are usually studied in terms of genetics and environment; however, clinical indicators have not been reported. This case-control study was conducted in Ningbo, China, to explore new independent risk factors for CRS. Methods: A total of 695 participants, including 440 healthy controls and 255 patients with CRS, were included in this study. Clinical data were retrieved from questionnaires and electronic medical record systems of hospitals. Independent risk factors were screened using logistic regression and 10-fold cross-validation combined with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. A CRS risk prediction model was established using logistic regression, and nomograms were visualized. The model was validated and evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results: Ten independent risk factors, including alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, triglyceride, total cholesterol, red blood cell count, hemoglobin, lymphocyte percentage, and monocyte percentage were screened. ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve of the training set was 0.890, indicating that the predictive model had excellent discriminant ability. The calibration curves showed that the fitting curves of the training set were close to the reference curves, indicating that the model had a good fit. The DCA showed that the threshold probability range of the training set was 1% to 89%. Conclusions: Independent risk factors for CRS were screened, and a prediction model was constructed, which is of significance for the prevention, control, and treatment of the disease.
‘Making it Easy to Do Hard Things’: How experts help novices perceive craft as accessible
Authors: Dioun Cyrus , Pamphile Vontrese , Gorbatai Andreea
Published: August 2024

Craft offers a path to enchantment and meaningful engagement with creation in an increasingly rationalized society. Yet, entering skilled domains where craft is practiced can be challenging for novices, particularly for those less familiar with these domains. While a growing body of research suggests that craft can be made more accessible through nontraditional pathways, the process whereby novices come to perceive craft as accessible remains undertheorized. We explore these ideas through the case of the makers, a diverse DIY movement that embraces all who build, modify, and invent across a variety of skilled domains. Using interview and observational data from Maker Faires—events wherein makers exhibit their projects and engage attendees in making activities—we induce a model of how experts enable novices to perceive craft as accessible. Our findings reveal how experts convey knowledge and skills using a creative craft approach, detailing how experts engage in scaffolding to facilitate novice creation, relax hierarchy, and cultivate fun and whimsy. In turn, this engenders the experience of enchanted engagement for novices who are able to experience how engaging in craft feels without the requisite skills or knowledge. Ultimately, this experience shapes and reinforces novices’ perception that craft is accessible. Our study contributes to the growing scholarship on craft in terms of alternative pathways for entering skilled domains, the role of craft in re-enchanting organizational life, and the emotional rewards of craft.
Self-compassion and reasons individuals stop eating: An exploratory investigation
Authors: Hussain Misba , Dunsmore Natasha , Ung Lucy , Mantzios Michail
Published: August 2024

Background

Self-compassion is a prevalent factor that has been explored in eating behaviour and weight loss literature. The present study explored the potential relationship between self-compassion and reasons individuals stop eating.

Method

Two hundred and eighty-three participants were recruited from social media platforms and a research participation scheme at a university in the West Midlands, UK, and completed questionnaires on self-compassion and reasons individuals stop eating.

Results

The findings suggested that self-compassion was negatively associated with decreased food appeal, self-consciousness, and decreased food priority, whilst being positively associated with physical satisfaction.

Conclusion

Self-compassion plays a prevalent role in the reasons individuals stop eating, and future research should continue exploring the effect of self-compassion on eating behaviour regulation.
Social Exchanges in Family Businesses: A Review and Future Research Agenda
Authors: Virk Ritu , Corner A. J. , Combs James G. , Jaskiewicz Peter
Published: August 2024

Different social exchange relationships among family members and between family and non-family stakeholders influence individual, group, and family-firm outcomes. Although many studies provide insights into social exchange relationships in family businesses, these studies are scattered across multiple literatures. Using the lens of social exchange theory, we review and organize 74 such studies. After discussing what is known and what gaps remain, we juxtapose our review with new theorizing about social exchanges to elicit research opportunities for family business research and for leveraging the family business context to “give back” to social exchange theory.
Comparison of Two Controlled Trials Designed to Reduce Aggressive Behavior in China
Authors: Sun Xiaodong , Guo Shenyang , Peng Jin , Li Na , Fraser Mark W.
Published: August 2024

Objective: This report describes the outcomes of two controlled trials of a social information-processing intervention, the Let's Be Friends (LBF) program, which was designed to reduce aggressive behavior in primary school children in rural China. Method: A blocked clusters design with random sampling was used in each trial. Combining the two trials and adjusting for differences between the studies, we estimated outcomes across all treated ( n = 698) and control ( n = 710) group children; additionally, we compared Trial 1 treated children with Trial 2 treated children. Results: Across the combined studies, significant differences on children's social skills and behavior favored the LBF condition. However, the outcomes for Trial 2 demonstrated less robust behavioral effects, suggesting that the program was weakened by pandemic-related implementation and measurement challenges. Conclusion: The LBF appears to strengthen the social competence of children in rural China. However, conducting school-based interventions during environmental disruptions requires alternative delivery and measurement strategies.
A Case Study for Using AI Tools to Develop Training Materials for High Consequence Industries
Authors: Nguyen Blake , Sonnenfeld Nathan A. , Duruaku Fiona , Alonso Alex , Jentsch Florian G.
Published: August 2024

There is a growing interest in leveraging AI technologies to enhance training development in high-consequence industries. This study investigated the integration of emerging artificial intelligence (AI) tools, such as ChatGPT, into the training development process. Previous research has demonstrated the potential of AI through content generation and support tools to improve training design practices. Building upon this foundation, we analyzed the use of generative AI tools via workshops with task and domain experts. By observing task expert interactions, we identified potential benefits, challenges, and limitations associated with the use of generative AI in training development. A domain expert evaluation provided valuable feedback on the quality of training materials developed with generative AI. Findings from this study contribute to a deeper understanding of how AI can augment training development in high-consequence industries, offering valuable guidance for training practitioners seeking to enhance training efficiency and effectiveness.
Research as Healing: Reflections of a Teacher Educator of Color on Critical Race Praxis
Authors: Kohli Rita
Published: August 2024

Framed through the four tenets of Jayakumar and Adamian’s critical race praxis as educational research, this article explores how the Institute for Teachers of Color Committed to Racial Justice, a critical race professional development space, was supportive of the racial literacy growth and well-being of K-12 teachers of Color. The author additionally engages in a process of autoethnographic reflection to show how engaging in research and praxis in this way was also healing to her as a teacher educator of Color, helping her to mitigate the overwhelming whiteness of teacher education and advance racial justice in policy and practice.
Clinicopathologic Characterization of Invasive Fungal Intestinal Infections in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Shaheen Muhammad , Lei Guang-Sheng , Relich Ryan F. , González Iván A.
Published: August 2024

Background:

Invasive fungal intestinal infections are rare in pediatric patients with limited studies reported to date.

Methods:

Retrospective study of invasive intestinal fungal infections in pediatric patients. For fungal specification, 18S rRNA gene PCR was performed using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues.

Results:

A total of 19 cases from 18 patients were included (13 males, 72%) with a median age of 20 days (8 days–14 years). About 13 patients (72%) presented within 67 days of birth and 11 patients (61%) were premature and 14 patients (78%) had a significant medical history. The most common location was the jejunum/ileum (56%) followed by the right colon and terminal ileum (22%). In 10 patients, the fungal elements were seen in the mucosa with 3 extending into the submucosa, and only 3 patients showed full-thickness involvement. Tissue necrosis and angioinvasion were seen in 13 (72%) and 8 (44%) patients, respectively. Morphologically, organisms consistent with Candida spp. were seen in 17 patients and with a mucoraceous mold in 1 patient. A 18S rRNA gene sequencing performed in 18 cases identified Candida dubliniensis in 16 cases and Candida spp. in 2 cases. During the study follow-up period, 56% of the patients died.

Conclusion:

In our experience, most cases were due to Candida spp. and predominantly in premature infants and associated with poor outcomes.
Disciplinary writing in EMI courses: Faculty beliefs and practices in the Korean higher education context
Authors: Kim Sung-Yeon , Suh Young-Mee
Published: August 2024

This study sought to identify the association between English-medium instruction (EMI) teachers’ beliefs and their practices of disciplinary writing (DW) in content courses. Drawing on qualitative research data from interviews with Korean college professors and their course materials, the study found that instructors prioritized content learning over language learning. They also placed relatively more emphasis on speaking than writing, which led to the use of speaking-integrated writing, such as writing scripts for oral presentations. Although they acknowledged writing proficiency to be an integral component of global competence, they confined the role of writing tasks to superficially displaying students’ content knowledge. Writing tasks varied according to disciplines, although many of them were not specifically related to the field in question. While most instructors used general writing tasks in a skill-integrated approach, very few adopted discipline-specific writing tasks. In implementing DW in their EMI courses, all the instructors viewed content as far more important than language and perceived themselves to be content experts, not language teachers. Their beliefs were manifest in their assessment practices, particularly in their feedback provision. They rarely offered feedback and, if they did, it was minimal, mostly addressing content issues. These findings have implications for teachers who conduct EMI for content courses in higher education.
Fraternizing with the enemy: Intragroup effects of extended contact
Authors: Koetke Jonah , Schumann Karina , Levine John M.
Published: August 2024

Extended contact (i.e., knowledge that an ingroup member has a close relationship with an outgroup member) often improves relations between groups. In the current research, we argue that such contact can also undermine relations within groups. Specifically, we propose a “fraternizing with the enemy” effect in which the fraternizer is viewed negatively by other ingroup members. In five preregistered experiments ( N = 2,035), we tested this effect in the context of political conflict using both real-world (Study 1) and fictitious (Studies 2–5) ingroup and outgroup members. Our results indicated that the fraternizer (vs. nonfraternizer) was viewed as less ideologically aligned with the ingroup, which in turn led to perceptions of this person as ambiguous and disloyal to the ingroup, and thereby elicited negative attitudes toward the fraternizer. We also found that, besides producing these negative effects, fraternizing with the enemy also produced the positive intergroup effects typically elicited by extended contact. We discuss the potential implications of our results for the effectiveness of extended contact in bridging political divides.
The loosening mechanism of tin-bronze bushing assembled by interference at connecting rod small end of heavy-duty diesel engines
Authors: Fu Hongyu , Zhang Hao , Zhang Limin , Niu Penghao , Liu Xukang , Stelmakh Oleksandr
Published: August 2024

The commonly used spinning tin-bronze bushings assembled by interference sometimes fail causing the bushings to rotate or even come out from connecting rod small end. Previous studies have shown this failure to be related to the abnormal temperature of small end. Test samples with same material and process as the connecting rod small end were designed. The residual stress on inner surface and pressing force of bushings were tested before and after local heating. The results showed that the residual stresses on inner surface and maximum pressing force decrease with the increase of maximum temperature and thermal cycles when the temperature of bushing bottom reaches 160°C. A quarter model of connecting rod was applied to reveal the loosening mechanism. It is found that plastic deformation occurs around oil holes, resulting in variations in the stress field of bushing. It lessens the bonding force between bushing and connecting rod small end. Meanwhile, the residual stresses on inner surface decrease and then surface hardness of this area reduces, which makes it easier to adhere with piston pin and generate large friction. These results are crucial for the material and structure design of connecting rod small end bushings.
Platforming the Joe Rogan Experience: Cancel Culture, Comedy, and Infrastructure
Authors: Bozzi Nicola
Published: August 2024

This paper outlines a cultural critique of the Joe Rogan Experience. Framing the podcast as an adaptive cultural platform, I emphasize how it is ideologically informed by both the established infrastructure and dynamics of communicative capitalism and Joe Rogan’s ethos as a comedian. The paper discusses three ways Joe Rogan and his format negotiate their relationship with platform infrastructures. The first is Rogan’s relationship with Spotify and his interest in shaping “cancel discourses” and, subsequently, his own role as an embedded, “uncancellable” skeptic. The second is the combination of Rogan’s roast universalism and pioneering speech-a-ton format, designed to establish an infrastructure for platforming his cohort of podcasting comedians on YouTube. The third is Rogan’s relationship with platform-owner Elon Musk, whose communicative capitalist agenda has political implications. The paper establishes a theoretical connection between studies of platformisation and the under-studied cultural influence of podcasting comedians.
Parent-Child Interaction Therapy with Separated Parents of a 3-Year-Old Child with Conduct Problems and Callous-Unemotional Traits
Authors: Smith Nicholas David W. , Jordan Julia , Agazzi Heather
Published: August 2024

Callous and unemotional (CU) traits are associated with an earlier onset of conduct problems in children. The presence of CU traits typically predicts a severe, stable, and aggressive pattern of behavior, especially when the onset of such behaviors begins in childhood. Children with conduct problems and CU continue to exhibit challenging behavior despite implementation of behavior management strategies compared to children with conduct problems alone. An emerging body of research suggests that Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) specifically tailored to address the characteristics unique to CU traits (PCIT-CU) may be an effective intervention for children with conduct problems + CU. This case study presents the treatment of a 3-year-old boy using PCIT-CU who presents with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder—combined presentation (ADHD-C), and CU traits. Both caregivers participated but were separated. Following the completion of treatment, conduct problems improved, parent ratings of CU traits decreased, and positive parenting practices increased. This case study adds to the growing literature in support of tailoring behavioral management training interventions for children with conduct problems + CU.
Systematic Review of the Effectiveness and Experiences of Treatment for Men With Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Cha Yevin , Links Paul S. , Ba Dong , Kazi Ayman
Published: August 2024

In clinical settings, among individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD), typically 75% are female and 25% male, although this discrepancy is not reported in the community. In the literature, little is known of the effectiveness and experiences of treatment of men with BPD. We aimed to review the effectiveness and experiences of treatment for men with BPD and outline future research priorities to promote better recovery. We searched Ovid MEDLINE and PsycINFO for eligible studies from inception until July 29, 2022. Peer-reviewed primary research articles on treatment effectiveness or experience for men with BPD were included. Data from eligible studies were synthesized in a narrative review. The protocol of our review was pre-registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022351908). Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria, and men with BPD from eight countries were represented. Psychological therapies included Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Systems Training for Emotional Predictability and Problem Solving, Mentalization Based Therapy, and psychoanalytic therapy. Pharmacologic treatment included topiramate, divalproex Extended-Release, and high-dose baclofen. Five studies investigated the service utilization of men with BPD. Compared to women, men were less likely to access treatment for BPD or find treatment helpful. Our findings demonstrated the potential efficacy of psychotherapy and pharmacologic interventions in reducing anger, aggression, and rule-breaking behavior, with limited evidence for reduction in suicide-related outcomes. Our findings are limited by inadequate power and heterogeneity of the included studies. Further research with larger sample sizes and qualitative studies is needed to better understand the treatment experience for men with BPD.
A sustainable and greener approach of transforming consumer-waste recycled fibers into value-added “grindle yarn” employing compact-Siro spinning
Authors: Uddin Ahmed Jalal , Rahaman Mostafizur
Published: August 2024

The worldwide manufacturing industries are actively adopting greener and eco-friendly production approaches, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and particularly focusing on Goal 12. This objective strives for responsible material management, with a strong emphasis on significantly decreasing waste generation through preventive measures, recycling, and reusing resources. This research introduces a sustainable method for manufacturing Siro grindle yarn, which involves maximizing the utilization of recycled cotton fibers sourced from pre-consumer fabric waste. The process involved the preparation of two rovings, one colored (red) and the other white, incorporating varying percentages of recycled cotton fibers along with virgin cotton. To achieve a vibrant grindle effect in the yarn, the compact-Siro spinning technique was employed that involves separately compacting two drafted fiber strands before uniting them through twisting. Grindle yarns with a count of Ne 20 (29.52 tex) containing up to 50% recycled fiber were successfully manufactured. As a point of comparison, Siro grindle yarn was also manufactured in a conventional-Siro ring frame. The yarns produced using the compact-Siro spinning technique exhibited notable enhancements in both structure (reduced hairiness, unevenness, and imperfections) and properties (increased strength and elongation). These grindle yarns demonstrated suitability for producing knit fabrics with esthetics comparable to commercial grindle fabrics made entirely with virgin fibers.
Artificial intelligence-assisted criminal justice reporting: An exploratory study of benefits, concerns, and future directions
Authors: Dement Carl , Inglis Melissa
Published: August 2024

This research explores the potential of large language models (LLMs) in revolutionizing report-writing practices across the criminal justice system. Drawing on insights from 23 interviews with justice professionals regarding report writing and LLM utilization, the benefits, challenges, and implications of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into the writing process are investigated. The findings highlight the obstacles to generating quality reports and the prevalence of boilerplate elements in justice system narratives, suggesting an opportunity for LLMs to streamline the writing process, provide training support, aid interoperability, and ensure consistency in standard sections. Practitioners voiced concern regarding the potential removal of human oversight, discretion, nuanced understanding, and privacy when weighing LLM adoption. Recommendations for practice and policy are offered.
Management of esogastric cancer in older patients
Authors: Aparicio Thomas , Carteaux-Taieb Anna , Arégui Amélie , Estrada Janina , Beraud-Chaulet Geoffroy , Fossey-Diaz Virginie , Hammel Pascal , Cattan Pierre
Published: August 2024

Although esogastric cancers often affect patients over 75, there are no specific age-related guidelines for the care of these patients. Esogastric cancers have a poor prognosis and require multimodal treatment to obtain a cure. The morbidity and mortality of these multimodal treatments can be limited if care is optimized by selecting patients for neoadjuvant treatment and surgery. This can include a geriatric assessment, prehabilitation, renutrition, and more extensive use of minimally invasive surgery. Denutrition is frequent in these patients and is particularly harmful in older patients. While older patients may be provided with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy, it must be adapted to the patient’s status. A reduction in the initial dose of palliative chemotherapy should be considered in patients with metastases. These patients tolerate immunotherapy better than systemic chemotherapy, and a strategy to replace chemotherapy with immunotherapy whenever possible should be evaluated. Finally, better supportive care is needed in patients with a poor performance status. Prospective studies are needed to improve the care and prognosis of elderly patients.
Antifungal Mechanism of Natural Products Derived from Plants: A Review
Authors: Long Nanbiao , Li Fang
Published: August 2024

Fungal resistance to the limited existing antifungal agents has become a considerable public health problem in the past few decades. However, natural products with multiple bioactivities are important sources for developing new therapeutic agents against fungi. Consequently, there is an urgent need to grasp the antifungal mechanism of natural products. In this review, the primary antifungal mechanisms of natural products derived from plants, including targeting the cell wall, cell membrane, mitochondria, biofilm and other mechanisms, are elaborated. This article critically describes the compounds with high antifungal activity, revealing opportunities for future research such as clinical trials or utilization as environmental disinfectants.
The presence of animals in hospital facilities: A preliminary study on the opinion of doctors, healthcare workers, and students in Sardinia
Authors: Sanna Passino Eraldo , Sechi Sara , Mollica Alessandra , Demaria Fabrizio , Cocco Raffaella
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

Contact with pets within healthcare settings is considered worldwide an added value to assistance both in the case of animal-assisted interventions and also when pets are visiting hospitalized owners, due to the special emotional relationship between them and their pets. The goal of this work was to analyze local experiences on access of pets to healthcare facilities using a survey sent to doctors, veterinarians, and students in the region of Sardinia (Italy).

Methods:

The online survey consisted of 17 questions, with the objective to evaluate knowledge and interest of study participants on some aspects of human–animal interaction with particular reference to potential access of pets to hospitals facilities and nursing homes and to promote an initial social judgment in the medical and healthcare environment. A total of 2484 subjects were invited to participate to the survey through an email explaining the purpose of the study. Statistical analysis on the survey results was conducted by comparing the characteristics of respondents with their answers to animal-assisted-intervention-related questions.

Results:

Results showed that over 70% of the participants owned an animal; almost 80% of responses showed that survey participants were in favor of animal presence in hospitals; furthermore, the responses showed how the concept of One Health seems not only scarcely established, but also barely known. The large majority of respondents (over 80%) positively responded on questions around the role of animals as co-therapists.

Conclusions:

On the one hand, this study showed lack of knowledge on the concept of One Health, whose essence is too often unknown and, on the other hand, it confirmed that women may be more inclined to show empathy and sensitivity toward animals. Regarding the profession, students seem more concerned about the introduction of animals into hospitals than healthcare workers.
Association between the presence of Helicobacter pylori and the development of de novo anemia in adults undergoing sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Carrillo-Levin Tammy S , Jaramillo-Ocharan Maria F , Salinas-Sedo Gustavo , Toro-Huamanchumo Carlos J
Published: August 2024

Background:

Sleeve gastrectomy has gained prominence in obesity treatment, yet it is not without complications, such as the development of anemia in the medium term. Given the high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Peru, it is imperative to explore its potential association with this postoperative complication.

Objective:

To evaluate the association between the presence of Helicobacter pylori and the development of anemia 12 months after sleeve gastrectomy.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort study was carried out based on an analysis of secondary data from a private clinic in Lima, Peru, which included two groups of people over 18 years of age who had undergone sleeve gastrectomy between 2010 and 2020. We considered the subjects who had the previous diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori as well as those who did not have the infection, according to the detection of the bacteria by endoscopy before surgery.

Results:

A total 313 individuals were analyzed, and it was found that the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori was 46.0% and the incidence of anemia 12 months after sleeve gastrectomy was 18.2%. The presence of Helicobacter pylori increased the risk of de novo anemia (Relative Risk = 1.56; 95% confidence intervals: 1.02–2.41; p = 0.043). When stratifying by sex, the association was maintained only for the male group (Relative Risk = 2.84; 95% confidence intervals: 1.02–7.02; p = 0.047).

Conclusions:

It was identified that the presence of Helicobacter pylori had a significant association with the development of de novo anemia, mainly in male subjects, 1 year after undergoing sleeve gastrectomy.
Efficacy of prescribing Inderal for polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in a young patient with the normal QT interval: A case report study
Authors: Shafiee Mohsen , Nassari Zeinab , Baharlouei-Yancheshmeh Fatereh , Tahery Noorollah , Baradaran Abdolvahab , Tabahfar Raha , Mohamadidarveshvan Elham , ShaabanZadeh Javad , Aghili Nasab Mohammadsadegh , Baghrobehbahani Alireza
Published: August 2024

Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (PVT) is a group of life-threatening heart rhythm disorders. These arrhythmias share similar electrocardiographic characteristics but require different modes of therapy for effective treatment. It is important to note that the medications that are considered the first-line treatment for one type of PVT may not be appropriate for another type, and may worsen the condition. Therefore, it is crucial to accurately diagnose the type of PVT before initiating treatment to provide the most effective therapy for the patient. A 42-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department with dyspnea, Levine sign, and severe chest pain. His electrocardiogram showed ST elevation, and the QT interval was normal. The patient was sent to the cath lab based on the treatment protocols. According to the results of angiography, three coronary arteries were severely obstructed. His coronary arteries did not open during percutaneous coronary intervention; thus, the healthcare team decided on open heart surgery. He suffered from recurrent PVT following open heart surgery and did not respond to any of the drugs suitable for this type of tachycardia. Inderal prevented the recurrence of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in a patient with polymorphic VT without QT prolongation, contrary to the healthcare team’s expectations. Inderal was used as the last line of treatment because this patient’s arrhythmia was polymorphic VT without QT prolongation. Inderal is typically used for treating VT in patients with long QT syndromes and heart structural disorders. This case report aims to highlight the impact of Inderal on polymorphic tachycardia, specifically in cases where the QT interval is not elongated. In this particular case, the standard treatment approaches were ineffective in preventing reversibility, but Inderal proved to be successful. Therefore, we feel it is important to document and share this case.
From penetrating abdominal injury to enterocutaneous fistula, a deadly outcome: A case report
Authors: Lodhia Jay , Tadayo Joshua , Herman Ayesiga , Msuya David
Published: August 2024

Enterocutaneous fistula is a dreaded complication by most surgeons especially after emergency abdominal surgery. It can also occur spontaneously from an underlying disease. The pathology is demanding both mentally and physically and causes medical and nursing problems for the affected individual. In this case report we present a timeline of a young 4-year-old boy who sustained penetrating abdominal-perineal injury from a fall and later presented with peritonitis. His condition progressed to complicate into enterocutaneous fistula and succumbed unfortunately due to multifactorial reasons. This shows the impact and burden of the disease pathology not only on patients but also on the medical system as a whole.