bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Endovascular Treatment in HERMES Patients With Isolated Occlusion of the Intracranial Internal Carotid Artery
Authors: Kaiser Daniel P.O. , Nguyen Thanh N. , Campbell Bruce C.V. , Saver Jeffrey L. , Dippel Diederik W.J. , Demchuk Andrew M. , Majoie Charles B.L.M. , Brown Scott B. , Mitchell Peter J. , Gerber Johannes C. , Bracard Serge , Guillemin Francis , Jovin Tudor G. , Muir Keith W. , White Philip , Schoene Daniela , Hill Michael D. , Goyal Mayank , Puetz Volker ,   the HERMES Collaborators
Published: September 2023

Background

The optimal management of patients with symptomatic isolated internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion is unknown. We aimed to assess whether endovascular treatment (EVT) compared with standard medical care was associated with improved functional outcomes in patients with acute symptomatic isolated intracranial ICA occlusion without involvement of the middle or anterior cerebral artery, that is, ICA‐I occlusion. Additionally, we aimed to compare ICA‐I with ICA‐L/T occlusion, which involves themiddle and anterior cerebral artery, respectively.

Methods

We analyzed data from the highly effective reperfusion evaluated in multiple endovascular stroke trials (HERMES) collaboration, which performed an individual patient data meta‐analysis of 7 randomized controlled trials conducted between 2010 and 2017 assessing the benefit of EVT compared to medical management in patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion. We assessed the association between EVT and 90‐day good functional outcome (modified Rankin scale scores 0–2), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores at 24 hours, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage rates and mortality in patients with ICA‐I and ICA‐L/T occlusion.

Results

We included 442 patients with intracranial ICA occlusion, of whom 38 (8.6%) had ICA‐I occlusion. In the ICA‐I group, the median age [interquartile range] was 69.5 [61.7–79.5] years, 42.1% were male, and median baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale was 17 [15–20]. Compared with standard medical care alone, EVT resulted in higher good outcome rates in patients with ICA‐I (42.9% versus 25%;
P
=0.296) and ICA‐L/T occlusion (32.5% versus 14.4%;
P
<0.001), and significant improvement in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores at 24 hours. Mortality and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage rates were similar between the treatment groups for both occlusion types.

Conclusions

A minority of patients with intracranial carotid occlusion presented with ICA‐I occlusion in the HERMES population. EVT in patients with ICA‐I occlusion and moderate‐to‐severe deficit was safe and tended to be similarly effective as compared to patients with ICA‐L/T occlusion.
Transdisciplinarity, Composition, Expression: Reflections on a Spherical Way of Thinking
Authors: Sá Adriana
Published: September 2023

Bridging art, music, philosophy, and perception science, this article proposes a spherical way of thinking. The term evokes an inclination to sense connections between all things, implying a transdisciplinary approach to the world. The tensions between differing viewpoints can drive us to think beyond any dichotomy, and uncertainty can inspire creativity. By showing how this possibility is reflected in her work, the author hopes to activate new questions and new ways of addressing those questions.
The Text of Aristotle’s Poetics and its Arabic Translation
Authors: Torres Guerra José B.
Published: September 2023

This contribution highlights the importance of the Arabic version of the Poetics in establishing the text of this work. This is a well-known fact, expressly considered in the most recent editio maior of the Poetics. Nonetheless, the latter edition does not discuss all the evidence relating to the Arabic translation. This article examines two much-discussed passages of the Poetics (1454b30-32, 1448a25-28). In the first case, the Arabic testimony, despite not transmitting the text that should be edited, helps to elucidate which variant is preferred. In the second case, the text of the Arabic translation raises the question of whether its variant reading should replace the text accepted in all the editions published over the last two centuries.
Healing Nature
Authors: Lou Loretta I.T.
Published: September 2023

This paper provides the first ethnographic study of spiritual ecology in contemporary Hong Kong. In exploring the life stories of people who wanted to “heal” nature as well as those who were being “healed” by nature through the practice of green living, this paper illuminates the interconnection between self-transformation and social transformation within the green living circle. While the first form of self-transformation occurs when individuals consciously responded to green groups’ appeals to cultivating themselves for the environment, the second mode of self-transformation happens unintendedly as people developed an interest in green living. In conclusion, I argue that the spiritual-ecological practices under the umbrella of green living offered people in Hong Kong a means to introspect, re-organize, and even transform their lives during difficult life events and challenging life transition. In turn, the emotional and spiritual experience of self-transformation not only reinforced people’s faith in the power of nature, such positive experience was also key to perpetuating their interest and efforts in greening Hong Kong and the world beyond.
When words coalesce II
Authors: Hackstein Olav
Published: September 2023

This article is a sequel to my contribution entitled “When words coalesce: chunking and morphophonemic extension” in the volume The Indo-European verb (ed. H. Craig Melchert, 2012: 87–104), and intends to document cases of preverb incorporation for Proto-Indo-European (PIE). Although preverbs occurred as free morphemes with finite verbs in PIE, they could also, under conditions to be specified, undergo a change of their morphemic status from free to bound. I discuss a number of such cases and the conditions under which preverbs could undergo destressing, phonologically regular or irregular reduction, and ultimately fuse with following verbal root morphemes.
Commentary on Urban Secularism by Julia Martínez-Ariño
Authors: Dhondt Frederik
Published: September 2023

This article offers critical and complementary commentary on the new book Urban Secularism: Negotiating Religious Diversity in Europe by Julia Martínez-Ariño.
Improved Extratropical North Atlantic Atmosphere–Ocean Variability with Increasing Ocean Model Resolution
Authors: Patrizio Casey R. , Athanasiadis Panos J. , Frankignoul Claude , Iovino Doroteaciro , Masina Simona , Famooss Paolini Luca , Gualdi Silvio
Published: September 2023

North Atlantic atmosphere–ocean variability is assessed in climate model simulations from HighResMIP that have low resolution (LR) or high resolution (HR) in their atmosphere and ocean model components. It is found that some of the LR simulations overestimate the low-frequency variability of subpolar sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies and underestimate its correlation with the NAO compared to ERA5. These deficiencies are significantly reduced in the HR simulations, and it is shown that the improvements are related to a reduction of intrinsic (non-NAO-driven) variability of the subpolar ocean circulation. To understand the cause of the overestimated intrinsic subpolar ocean variability in the LR simulations, a link is demonstrated between the amplitude of the subpolar ocean variability and the mean state of the Labrador–Irminger Seas. Supporting previous studies, the Labrador–Irminger Seas tend to be colder and fresher in the LR simulations compared to the HR simulations and oceanic observations from EN4. This promotes upper-ocean density anomalies in this region to be more salinity-controlled in the LR simulations versus more temperature-controlled in the HR simulations and EN4 observations. It is argued that this causes the excessive subpolar ocean variability in the LR simulations by favoring a positive feedback between subpolar upper-ocean salinity and Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) anomalies, rather than a negative feedback between subpolar SST and AMOC anomalies as in the HR simulations. The findings overall suggest that the subpolar ocean mean state impacts the variability of the ocean circulation and SSTs, including their relationship with the atmospheric circulation, in the extratropical North Atlantic.
On the Distribution of Convective and Stratiform Precipitation in Tropical Cyclones from Airborne Doppler Radar and Its Relationship to Intensity Change and Environmental Wind Shear Direction
Authors: Wadler Joshua B. , Cione Joseph J. , Rogers Robert F. , Fischer Michael S.
Published: September 2023

Airborne Doppler radar reflectivity data collected in hurricanes on the NOAA P-3 aircraft between 1997 and 2021 were parsed into different modes of precipitation: stratiform precipitation, shallow convection, moderate convection, and deep convection. Stratiform precipitation was the most frequent precipitation mode with 82.6% of all observed precipitation while deep convection was the most infrequent at 1.3%. When stratified by 12-h intensity change, intensifying TCs had a greater areal coverage of total convection in the eyewall compared to weakening and steady-state TCs. The largest difference in the azimuthal distributions in the precipitation modes was in deep convection, which was mostly confined to the downshear-left quadrant in weakening and steady-state hurricanes and more symmetrically distributed in intensifying hurricanes. For all intensity change categories, the most symmetrically distributed precipitation mode was stratiform rain. To build upon the results of a recent thermodynamic study, the precipitation data were recategorized for hurricanes experiencing deep-layer wind shear with either a northerly component or southerly component. Like intensifying storms, hurricanes that experienced northerly component shear had a more symmetric distribution of deep convection than southerly component shear storms, which had a distribution of deep convection that resembled weakening storms. The greatest difference in the precipitation distributions between the shear direction groups were in major hurricanes experiencing moderate (4.5–11 m s−1) wind shear values. Consistent with previous airborne radar studies, the results suggest that considering the distribution of deep convection and the thermodynamic distributions associated with differing environmental wind shear direction could aid TC intensity forecasts.

Significance Statement

This research investigates how the distribution of different types of precipitation are related to tropical cyclone (TC) intensity change. Even though deep convection—the tallest clouds—is the least frequent type of precipitation, it has the strongest relationship to intensity change with uniform distributions around the eyewall associated with intensification. Less significant relationships were noticed for shallower clouds and stratiform (lighter) rain. The study also analyzed how change in direction of the large-scale winds with height (wind shear) influences intensity change. When wind shear is northerly, there is a more symmetric distribution of deep convection compared to when wind shear is southerly. These relationships illustrate how wind shear direction influences TC convective structure and, in turn, TC intensity change.
The Impact of Drain Placement on Postoperative Complications in Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bao Feng , Wu Lirong , Shang Jianying , Deng Zhigang , Xiang Chunhua
Published: September 2023

Obesity in individuals can have consequences ranging from metabolically healthy obesity to serious morbidities and reduce the quality and duration of life. A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the role of abdominal drainage on postoperative complications after bariatric surgery. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched for eligible studies. The results revealed that abdominal drainage was associated with surgical complications, with a pooled odds ratio (OR) of 1.70 ( P < .001), but not associated with wound infection (OR: 1.04; P = .762). Associations with surgical complications were mainly detected from retrospective cohort studies. The use of abdominal drainage showed associations with death (OR: 1.68; P < .001) and reoperation (OR: 1.49; P < .001). These findings revealed that abdominal drainage during bariatric surgery was associated with surgical complications, death, and reoperation. These results should be taken with caution since randomized controlled trials and retrospective studies were analyzed together.
From Buzzword to Biz World: Realizing Blockchain’s Potential in the International Business Context
Authors: Du Juan , Nielsen Bo Bernhard , Welch Catherine
Published: September 2023

Initially making its name as the backbone technology of Bitcoin, blockchain has been referred to as a distributed ledger, public database, Internet of value, digital infrastructure, network, and platform. Compared with fluctuating cryptocurrency and non-fungible token (NFT) markets, applications of blockchain technology in more diverse business scenarios have received less attention. By analyzing 16 international business use cases under eight categories of blockchain-based solutions, this article offers a contextualized understanding of the potential for blockchain to become a general-purpose technology (GPT). It discusses how the extensiveness, evolvability, and enabling (3Es) aspects of blockchain influence the value, vision, and viability (3Vs) required for successful real-world applications. The article discusses how firms can draw on lessons from failed cases and good practices of existing cases to enhance the 3Vs for blockchain adoption.
Assessing the Relevance of Exposure to Violence as a Predictor of Cocaine/Crack Use: Delineating Witnessed Violence and Direct Victimization and Testing for Developmental Differences
Authors: Wojciechowski Thomas
Published: September 2023

Exposure to violence has been found to predict cocaine use, but evidence is limited in terms of how different forms of exposure to violence impact use and how the relevance of these relationships may vary across adolescence and emerging adulthood. This study tested for differential salience of witnessed violence and direct victimization predictors of cocaine use during adolescence and emerging adulthood. The present study analyzed data from all waves of the Pathways to Desistance study. Mixed effects logistic regression was used to assess whether either form of exposure to violence influenced cocaine use and whether that influence was more or less salient in adolescence versus emerging adulthood. Results indicated that only direct victimization significantly influenced cocaine use. This effect demonstrated a quadratic growth pattern; first diminishing in salience in its impact on cocaine use when experienced throughout adolescence and then becoming more salient when experienced during emerging adulthood.
Buying Future Endorsements from Prospective Influencers on User-Generated Content Platforms
Authors: Lanz Andreas , Goldenberg Jacob , Shapira Daniel , Stahl Florian
Published: September 2023

Excessive monetary compensation and existing contractual agreements of influencers limit the ability of many firms to engage in effective influencer seeding. The authors suggest a forward-looking approach of targeting prospective influencers—while they are still largely unknown (e.g., a few months after their platform registration)—and signing them to endorse the firm in the future (e.g., more than a year later). This approach has the potential to significantly reduce costs. However, as only rarely do newly registered users ultimately become influencers (and as signals are weak), the authors propose a novel framework to cope with this rare-event problem. For empirical demonstration and application, the authors conduct data-based simulations using a data set from a worldwide leading audio platform. Every wave of newly registered users is associated with a profit potential stemming from future endorsements by prospective influencers. With knowledge about the order of magnitude of the return on successful influencer spend, managers applying the framework can extract around 20% of this profit potential (if the return is around three times the spend).
Enhancing heat protection performance of firefighters’ protective clothing: A comparative analysis of fabric and knit structure in the lining of multi-layered construction
Authors: Park Jeong-Hwa , Park Tae-Hee , Kim Tae-Sun , Kwon Jin-Suk
Published: September 2023

A firefighting protective clothing item is an important piece of equipment that can protect firefighters from the risk of burns during firefighting and rescue activities. In this study, a method to improve the heat protection performance of firefighter protective clothing lining was proposed, while consulting with textile experts. The protective performance effects of flame and radiant heat were investigated according to the quilting spacing (25.4, 50.8, and 76.2 mm) of the lining and weaving method (fabric or knitted) used for the multi-layered structure of the protective clothing. The experiments conducted to evaluate the impact of different weaving methods on the protective performance of firefighter clothing against flame, radiant heat, and combined flame/radiant heat revealed that the knitted lining exhibited excellent protection performance. Specifically, the knitted lining demonstrated a delayed effect in temperature increase, with maximum delays ranging from approximately 2.2–4.0 s for flame protection experiments, and 5.7–7.4 s for radiant heat protection experiments. For knitted lining, one thread is woven in an interlocking manner; thus, the heat resistance is higher and thermal conductivity is lower owing to the formation of a space compared that for a fabric lining. The results suggest that the weaving method affects the heat transfer according to the formation of space and change in the thickness of the clothing. The findings of this study could be useful for many purposes, such as cost effective and quick analysis of the expected performance of a design or weaving method.
A proposed methodology of health education for inherited genetic disorders: Bag and Ball technique
Authors: David Sam Marconi , Sasikumar Midhun , Basheer K M Muhammed , Rose Anuradha , George Kuryan , Minz Shantidani
Published: September 2023

The life-threatening genetic blood disorder, thalassaemia, which causes decreased haemoglobin production, is preventable. Sociocultural determinants and the level of public health awareness must be used to adopt control measures of prevention. Identifying information gaps and educating the community about screening should be a priority, especially in areas with high disease burdens. A relevant health education technique, with which the audience can identify, can effectively bring understanding necessary effectively to sensitise the community. We propose the ‘Bag and Ball’ method, which includes role-play for health education specifically concerning inherited genetic disorders.
Gold Is Old: Noble Metal in the Indian Economy Through Ages
Authors: Deodhar Satish
Published: September 2023

Indians have had a fascination for possessing gold since ancient times. I document the sacredness of gold, ancient references to jewellery, gold extraction and minting technology, its function as money and store of value, and specie inflow due to trade surplus with the Occident up until the medieval era. India’s gargantuan stock of about 28,000 tonnes of gold is hoarding and not savings. Today, gold demand is causing leakage from the circular flow of gross domestic product and trade deficit. Policy suggestions are made that will re-channel idle excess stock of gold into financial markets, reduce the trade deficit and contribute to gross domestic product growth.
Inferior vena cava tumor thrombus: clinical outcomes at a canadian tertiary center
Authors: Fatehi Hassanabad Ali , Ball Chad G , Kidd William T
Published: September 2023

Objective

This study reports the surgical management and outcomes of patients with malignancies affecting the IVC.

Methods

This was a retrospective study that considered patients undergoing surgery for IVC thrombectomy in Calgary, Canada, from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2021. Parameters of interest included primary malignancy, the extent of IVC involvement, surgical strategy, and medium-term outcomes.

Results

Six patients underwent surgical intervention for malignancies that affected the IVC. One patient had a retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma, 1 had hepatocellular carcinoma with thrombus extending into the IVC and right atrium, 1 had adrenocortical carcinoma with IVC thrombus extending into the right atrium, and 3 had clear cell renal cell carcinoma with thrombus extending into the IVC. Surgical strategy for the IVC thrombectomy varied where 5 patients required the institution of cardiopulmonary bypass and underwent deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. No patient died perioperatively. One patient died 15-months post-operatively from aggressive malignancy.

Conclusion

Different types of malignancy can affect the IVC and surgical intervention is usually indicated for these patients. Herein, we have reported the outcomes of IVC thrombectomy at our center.
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α is a biomarker for predicting patients with sepsis
Authors: Tong Zewen , Wang Guangjian , Huang Wei , Zhang Hongmin , Xie Fang , Wang Xiaoting
Published: September 2023

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the potential value of serum hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) concentrations as a biomarker in patients with sepsis.

Methods

The enrolled patients were divided into the following four groups: the intensive care unit (ICU) control group (n = 33), infection group (n = 29), septic nonshock group (n = 40), and septic shock group (n = 94). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure serum HIF-1α concentrations on ICU admission. Clinical parameters and laboratory test results were also collected.

Results

Serum HIF-1α concentrations were significantly higher in the infection group, septic nonshock group, and septic shock group than in the ICU control group. Moreover, HIF-1α concentrations were associated with a better predictive ability for diagnosing sepsis than the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, procalcitonin concentrations, and lactate concentrations. Patients with sepsis and HIF-1α concentrations >161.14 pg/mL had a poor prognosis.

Conclusions

Serum HIF-1α concentrations are a useful biomarker for the diagnosis of sepsis and predicting the prognosis of patients.
Pattern recognition as a learning strategy in the study of engineering dynamics
Authors: Li Simon , Raza Kashif , Ghasemloonia Ahmad , Chua Catherine
Published: September 2023

As engineering dynamics remains a difficult subject to teach and learn, this study was initiated by an observation from the authors’ experience of how students pass dynamics without necessarily understanding all the fundamental concepts. This observation motivates the research on ‘pattern recognition’ as a learning strategy that emphasizes practising sample problems and solving similar problems in assessments. This research consisted of two parts. First, we analysed the notion of pattern recognition from two angles: (a) how it is contrasted with conceptual understanding in view of mental simulation and (b) how it is defined in the fields of computer science and cognitive psychology. We found that pattern recognition could be characterized using three features: (a) use of sample cases, (b) learning through practice, and (c) emphasis on correct patterns. Subsequently, we conducted a survey to identify evidence of pattern recognition from students as their learning strategy. With Cronbach’s alpha coefficient value at 0.649, a moderate but acceptable value, we discovered that our survey instrument was able to distinguish learners who tend to use pattern recognition as a strategy to solve problems, which is considered reasonable for a pilot investigation. We also found evidence that learners using pattern recognition tend to emphasize practice problems and memorization and de-emphasize the learning of fundamental concepts. We consider that pattern recognition could provide a new aspect to understand how learners learn technical subjects in engineering education.
Use of Traffic Speed Deflectometer Data in Project-Level Pavement Rehabilitation Design
Authors: Weitzel Nicholas D. , Pierce Linda M. , Carroll Eric , Thompson Jesse (Jay) U.
Published: September 2023

Current traffic speed deflectometer (TSD) analyses have focused on the application of pavement structural-condition data at the network level. Pavement management systems use the deflection data to adjust the treatment as determined from the surface deflections and ride quality, resulting in better treatment selection. However, TSD data can also be used at the project level to inform pavement design decisions, though this has yet to be well documented in the U.S. A pilot study was conducted in 2021 to develop a methodology to analyze the TSD data for the South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) based on the AASHTO 1993 overlay design methodology. The TSD analysis methodology determines the effective structural number for each TSD datapoint. The results generated from this analysis were used for an ongoing construction project to assess the structural condition of the pavement within the project limits. Grade restrictions on the project presented a challenge in determining limits of pavement reconstruction and pavement overlay. The results of the TSD analysis were used to characterize the effective structural number at a 52 ft interval, allowing for optimization of the limits of pavement reconstruction. This paper presents the TSD analysis methodology used and how SCDOT incorporated the TSD results at the project level to perform rehabilitation designs of an ongoing construction project.
Intergenerational rights are children's rights: Upholding the right to a healthy environment through the UNCRC
Authors: Daly Aoife
Published: September 2023

This article reflects on intersections between intergenerational equity, children's rights and the rights of future generations. Recent climate cases involving children and youth are considered, and the fact that few rely on the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is analysed. It is emphasised that intergenerational rights are children's rights – children are a crucial link between current and future generations. In particular the principle of the best interests of the child, which is widespread in national legal systems, should be relied upon more frequently in climate cases. Arguments can be made that failing to accord sufficient attention to children's rights and interests in climate policies violates the best interests principle. Relying on the CRC may increase the chance of successful outcomes in environmental and climate cases; progressing the right to a healthy environment for all. It will also ensure that adequate attention for children's rights is embedded in such cases.
Economic Report of General Inpatient Hospice in an Academic Medical Center
Authors: Rezaeiahari Mandana , Brown Clare C. , Schmit Troy , Tilford J. Mick
Published: September 2023

This study examined if there was difference in cost of care after implementation of scattered bed inpatient hospice, first implemented in October 2021 in an Academic Medical Center in Arkansas. This retrospective, cross-sectional study compared the cost of care during the pre-implementation phase (n = 121, July 2020-March 2021) to patients admitted to hospice care (n = 84, October 2021-June 2022). Hospice length of stay (LOS) was 4 times longer than the LOS after a Do Not Resuscitate order (DNR) was placed for patients in the pre-implementation period. The end of life costs after the implementation of inpatient hospice was 69% less than the end of life costs in the pre-implementation period.
Dynamic analysis of adhesive layer on active vibration control
Authors: Fu Xiaohan , Sheng Meiping , Wang Minqing , Guo Zhiwei , Han Yuying
Published: September 2023

This paper investigates the influence of the adhesive layer between the piezoelectric actuator and the base structure on the structural bending response in active vibration control. The adhesive layer plays a crucial role in transmitting longitudinal vibrations between layers. However, its influence on structural bending response remains unclear. Two dynamic coupling models were developed for a partially covered beam using Hamilton’s principle, with different considerations for shear deformation in the adhesive layer. Validation through finite element analysis shows the dynamic model accounting for shear deformation has wider applicability across adhesive types. Overlooking the adhesive layer leads to overestimating actuator performance. Vibration control sensitivity to adhesive Young’s modulus underscores its significance. Optimizing actuation efficiency involves adjusting adhesive layer thickness based on its modulus. The contribution of this study is to provide guidance for piezoelectric actuators installation and adhesive selection for effective active control system design.
Objectification and Violence Against Women: The Spanish Validation of the Interpersonal Sexual Objectification Scale-Perpetration Version
Authors: Sánchez-Fuentes María del Mar , Moyano Nieves , Parra-Barrera Sandra Milena , Granados de Haro Reina
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to validate the Interpersonal Sexual Objectification Scale-Perpetration Version (ISOS-P), a measure that assesses sexual objectification perpetration. The sample consisted of 356 heterosexual men of Spanish nationality. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed. The Spanish validation of the ISOS-P comprises 15 items and showed a trifactorial structure. McDonald’s omega values ranged from 0.71 to 0.80, and evidences of validity are shown by positive correlations with the endorsement of a positive attitude toward rape and having perpetrated several sexual aggression types. The Spanish validation of the ISOS-P is a valid and reliable scale.
Sodium Naphthalenesulfonate and Sodium Polynaphthalenesulfonate
Authors: Burnett Christina , Bergfeld Wilma F. , Belsito Donald V. , Hill Ronald A. , Klaassen Curtis D. , Liebler Daniel C. , Marks James G. , Shank Ronald C. , Slaga Thomas J. , Snyder Paul W. , Gill Lillian J. , Fiume Monice , Heldreth Bart
Published: September 2023

The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety reviewed newly available studies since their original assessment in 2003, along with updated information regarding product types and concentrations of use, and confirmed that Sodium Naphthalenesulfonate and Sodium Polynaphthalenesulfonate are safe as cosmetic ingredients in the practices of use and concentration as described in this report in formulations intended to be applied to the skin.
An inverse method for elastic constants identification of two-layer hyperelastic bodies with suction loading
Authors: Hajhashemkhani M , Hematiyan MR
Published: September 2023

Some soft tissues of the human body and biomaterials are considered as multi-layer structures with layer-specific material properties. Identification of the material parameters of these distinct layers is challenging and has attracted considerable attention in recent decades. In this research, an inverse finite element method, which uses the data obtained from simulated suction experiments, is developed. The method employs a limited number of surface-measured data to recover the layer-specific hyperelastic material parameters of a two-layer structure. The Gauss-Newton method is employed to minimize a cost function, which is defined in terms of the difference between measured and calculated displacements of the surface points. The sensitivity analysis during the optimization process is carried out by the finite difference method. The effects of pipette diameter, noise in experimental data, the initial guess and the hyperelastic material model, on the robustness and efficiency of the inverse method are investigated.
Decision-Making Regarding Elective Child and Adolescent Vaccinations Among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Parents in Orange County
Authors: Fok Cynthia L. , Fifita Melenaite , Tanjasiri Sora Park
Published: September 2023

Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders (NHPIs) in aggregate experience greater health burdens than non-Hispanic Whites, such as a higher incidence of cervical cancer and COVID-19. Given the importance of vaccinations in preventing and reducing the severity of diseases, such as the flu, cervical cancer, and COVID-19, the receipt of vaccines during childhood and adolescence is crucial. Therefore, this qualitative study aimed to explore the factors associated with NHPI parents’ decisions regarding vaccinating their children with these elective vaccinations—that is, vaccinations not required for child care, preschool, or K-12 admissions in California but highly recommended. A total of 15 NHPI parents were recruited through a community-based organization. Semi-structured interviews explored parents’ reasons for accepting or denying each vaccine for their child(ren). Results demonstrated variable acceptance of each vaccine, though consistent themes included protection and concerns over side effects. This study also found two general types of parents—those who treat vaccines the same and those with varying opinions about each vaccine. Results from this study demonstrate the family- and community-oriented nature of NHPI communities, suggesting that future interventions target not only parents but also their families and communities to cultivate vaccine acceptance through social networks. Furthermore, addressing all three vaccines during well-child visits may benefit parents who view each vaccine as separate entities with individual pros and cons. Such interventions could contribute toward reducing the burdens of particularly chronic health disparities.
Reflecting on Celeste: Abstracting Trans Representation
Authors: McPhail Kyle
Published: September 2023

Transgender representation is a complex subject and what constitutes “good” and “bad” representations has been scrutinized by trans, feminist and queer scholars, as well as fans of visual culture. A significant case study in trans representation and interpretation is the platformer Celeste (2018). The game's passionate and active fandom began to speculate about the potential trans narratives present in the game, including whether the main character, Madeline, was a trans woman. In 2020, game director Maddy Thorson confirmed that Madeline was trans. While many fans celebrated this retroactive identification, the value of Celeste as a trans artwork lies beyond Madeline's trans body. This article argues that, while representation matters, abstract or conceptual trans representation is an important tool that avoids conditional and limited trans representations that rely on a specific type of body. Abstraction centres experience, allowing for more creative, playful and intersectional ways of art becoming trans.
Dose Dependent Effect of Sulfamethoxazole on Inhibiting KATP Channel of Mouse Pancreatic β Cell
Authors: Ogata Hiroshi , Kitamura Shigeki , Fujiwara Makoto , Shimizu Masaru , Tan Chengbo , Zhao Songji , Maejima Yuko , Shimomura Kenju
Published: September 2023

Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is widely used as an antibiotic in the clinical application with side effects of hypoglycemia. This is because SMX contains the sulfonamide structure, which closes ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels and induces insulin secretion. However, there are no detail reports that measure the effective dose that can close KATP channels and induce insulin secretion. In this study, whole-cell patch clamp recording was utilized to measure the effect of SMX on KATP channel activity on pancreatic β cells. Also, the static incubation assay with mice islets was assessed to measure the insulin secretion capacity of SMX. SMX was shown to inhibit the KATP channel in pancreatic β cell membrane and induce insulin secretion in relatively high concentration. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for KATP channel activity of SMX was .46 ± .08 mM. It was also shown that a near IC50 concentration of SMX (.5 mM) was able to nearly fully block the KATP channel when simultaneously applied with low concentration sulfonylurea, tolbutamide (.01 mM). Our present data provide important information for the clinical use of SMX to treat infection in diabetic patients using sulfonylureas.
Potential endpoints for assessment of bone health in persons with neurofibromatosis type 1
Authors: Gross Andrea M , Plotkin Scott R , Watts Nelson B , Fisher Michael J , Klesse Laura J , Lessing Andrés J , McManus Miranda L , Larson A Noelle , Oberlander Beverly , Rios Jonathan J , Sarnoff Herb , Simpson Brittany N , Ullrich Nicole J , Stevenson David A
Published: September 2023

Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a genetic syndrome characterized by a wide variety of tumor and non-tumor manifestations. Bone-related issues, such as scoliosis, tibial dysplasia, and low bone mineral density, are a significant source of morbidity for this population with limited treatment options. Some of the challenges to developing such treatments include the lack of consensus regarding the optimal methods to assess bone health in neurofibromatosis type 1 and limited data regarding the natural history of these manifestations. In this review, the Functional Committee of the Response Evaluation in Neurofibromatosis and Schwannomatosis International Collaboration: (1) presents the available techniques for measuring overall bone health and metabolism in persons with neurofibromatosis type 1, (2) reviews data for use of each of these measures in the neurofibromatosis type 1 population, and (3) describes the strengths and limitations for each method as they might be used in clinical trials targeting neurofibromatosis type 1 bone manifestations. The Response Evaluation in Neurofibromatosis and Schwannomatosis International Collaboration supports the development of a prospective, longitudinal natural history study focusing on the bone-related manifestations and relevant biomarkers of neurofibromatosis type 1. In addition, we suggest that the neurofibromatosis type 1 research community consider adding the less burdensome measurements of bone health as exploratory endpoints in ongoing or planned clinical trials for other neurofibromatosis type 1 manifestations to expand knowledge in the field.
Disparities in healthcare utilization and depression among young mothers: The role of family functioning
Authors: Whittaker Shannon , Martinez Isabel , Kershaw Trace
Published: September 2023

Background:

Extant research suggests that disparities in healthcare utilization and experiences of mental health disorders such as depression exist across sociodemographic groups. One understudied pathway that may have significant implications for these disparities is the role of family functioning. How families interact, communicate, and adapt may vary, but these relationships remain integral for vulnerable subsets of the population due to their seemingly protective properties. Yet, few studies have examined the relationship between family functioning and health.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to explore family functioning as a predictor for healthcare utilization and depression among young mothers and as a moderator of disparities for each of these outcomes.

Design/methods:

This analysis uses data from a prospective cohort study which was conducted with 296 pregnant young women recruited from obstetrics clinics in Connecticut between July 2007 and February 2011 and followed 1-year postpartum. Logistic regression models were used to assess family functioning, race/ethnicity, and immigrant status as predictors of healthcare utilization and depression. Family functioning was evaluated as a moderator for both outcomes.

Results:

Black and Latina mothers had decreased odds of using physical healthcare services (odds ratioBlack = 0.13, p < 0.001; odds ratioLatina = 0.31, p = 0.02). Family functioning was associated with decreased odds of using mental healthcare services (odds ratio = 0.97, p = 0.04) and had a protective effect against depression (odds ratio = 0.96, p = 0.003). Family functioning significantly moderated the relationship between immigrant status and physical healthcare utilization, Black race/ethnicity and physical healthcare utilization, and Other race/ethnicity and depression.

Conclusion:

Family functioning is a significant factor associated with both healthcare utilization and depression among young mothers. It should be a strongly considered component within healthcare settings to mitigate risks among vulnerable populations.
“Wayfearing” and the city: Exploring how experiential fear of crime frames the mobilities of women students at a city-based university using a bespoke chatbot app
Authors: Saker Michael , Mercea Dan , Myers Carrie-Anne
Published: September 2023

Personal safety apps provide new ways for crime data to be utilized by citizens within the context of urban mobilities. Yet, high-profile stories reveal the fear many women continue to experience in their daily lives. Operating as locative media, personal safety apps seem to imply that environments can simply be avoided. This is not always possible. Women students attending a city-based university, for example, might have to move through various urban spaces to get to their institution. Using a bespoke chatbot app for recording the experience of environments rather than avoiding them and semi-structured interviews, the purpose of this article is to examine the experiential fear of crime (EFC) that women students attending a city-based university experience in their daily lives. Between May and June 2022, 24 students who identify as women and attend a London-based university took part in this project. Our research first explored the question, how does EFC frame the experience of moving through a city-based university? Second, how does EFC frame the experience of ambulating the wider urban environment beyond campus? The article contributes to the wider field of locative media, by revealing how fear can shape extant understandings of digital wayfaring.
Comparison of triamcinolone with pentoxifylline and vitamin E efficacy in the treatment of stage 2 and 3 oral submucous fibrosis: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Shah Saeed Ullah , Nigar Seeme , Yousofi Rahima , Maqsood Afsheen , Altamash Sara , lal Abhishek , Khan Zarak , Ahmed Naseer , Heboyan Artak
Published: September 2023

Objective:

The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of triamcinolone in combination with pentoxifylline and vitamin E in the treatment of patients with level two and three oral submucous fibrosis.

Methods:

The study aimed to compare the efficacy of corticosteroid injections (triamcinolone) versus pentoxifylline and vitamin E in the therapy of patients with stage two and three oral submucous fibrosis. A total of 42 participants with indications and features of oral submucous fibrosis were enrolled between January 2020 and September 2021. The patients’ age and mouth opening were evaluated, and descriptive statistics and paired t-test were used for analytical investigation.

Results:

The study showed a statistically significant improvement in both treatment groups ( p = 0.001) concerning pre- and post-treatment deviations. However, when comparing the standard differences in treatment outcomes between the two study groups, only mouth opening exhibited a statistically significant difference ( p = 0.001).

Conclusions:

The findings indicate that a treatment regimen combining pentoxifylline and triamcinolone can significantly alleviate oral submucous fibrosis symptoms, including mouth opening, pain, and flaring agitation, thereby enhancing the affected individual’s quality of life.
Interrogating the links between dynasties and development in the Philippines
Authors: Mendoza Ronald U , Mendoza Gabrielle Ann S , Teehankee Julio C , Tuaño Philip Arnold P , Yap Jurel K
Published: September 2023

This article nuances the poverty-inducing effect of political dynasties. We argue that local dynasties in the Philippines can pursue different development trajectories based on their ownership of local businesses and their province's initial state capacity. Adapting a framework developed by Bourguignon and Verdier, we develop a typology of political dynasties that acknowledges heterogeneity in their motivations as well as in the political opportunity structures that they work in. This outlines a theory of change that fosters the necessary conditions for political and economic competition over time, even in areas ruled by political dynasties. While the focus is on the Philippines, research on the nexus between political and economic competition provides insight into issues of political dynasties, competition policy, governance, and accountability faced by a broader set of countries.
Development of Lifestyle Evaluation Tools Based on the Values of the Elderly: A Delphi Study
Authors: Lim Young-Myoung , Park Kang-Hyun , Park Ji-Hyuk
Published: September 2023

Lifestyle is formed by the daily habits of a personal, and depending on the behavior, health problems, or premature death are affected. Efforts and research to maintain and improve healthy lifestyles in public health continue. This study tried to develop a tool that can be quantitatively evaluated through the Activity, Interest, and Opinion (AIO) technique and to verify the validity of the tool to understand the lifestyle based on personal values at a microscopic point. Lifestyle evaluation tool was developed through Delphi surveys. The development items consisted of three categories (activity, interest, opinion) that can understand contextual factors such as individual values, opinions, and interests, and items with 24 concepts. The Delphi survey consisted of a panel of 17 experts in the field of health-care for the elderly, and convergence and consensus were confirmed in two rounds. The average content validity ratio of the final Delphi survey was 0.89, stability 0.16, convergence 0.42, and consensus 0.76, which were high. The developed tool is expected to be used in empirical research to identify the lifestyle reflecting the values of the elderly and to promote health.