bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustained Upregulation of Endothelial Nox4 Mediates Retinal Vascular Pathology in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Tang Xixiang , Wang Jinli , Abboud Hanna E. , Chen Yanming , Wang Joshua J. , Zhang Sarah X.
Published: November 2022

NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) is a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in retinal endothelial cells (ECs) and is upregulated under hyperglycemic and hypoxic conditions. However, the role of endothelial Nox4 upregulation in long-term retinal blood vessel damage in diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains undefined. Here, we attempted to address this question using humanized EC-specific Nox4 transgenic (hNox4EC-Tg) and EC-specific Nox4 knockout (Nox4EC-KO) mouse models. Our results show that hNox4EC-Tg mice at age of 10–12 months exhibited increased tortuosity of retinal blood vessels, focal vascular leakage, and acellular capillary formation. In vitro study revealed enhanced apoptosis in brain microvascular ECs derived from hNox4EC-Tg mice, concomitant with increased mitochondrial ROS, elevated lipid peroxidation, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced mitochondrial respiratory function. In contrast, EC-specific deletion of Nox4 decreased mitochondrial ROS generation, alleviated mitochondrial damage, reduced EC apoptosis, and protected the retina from acellular capillary formation and vascular hyperpermeability in a streptozotocin-induced diabetes mouse model. These findings suggest that sustained upregulation of Nox4 in the endothelium contributes to retinal vascular pathology in diabetes, at least in part, through impairing mitochondrial function. Normalization of Nox4 expression in ECs may provide a new approach for prevention of vascular injury in DR.
Optimal Frequency of Urinary Albumin Screening in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Perkins Bruce A. , Bebu Ionut , de Boer Ian H. , Molitch Mark , Zinman Bernard , Bantle John , Lorenzi Gayle M. , Nathan David M. , Lachin John M.
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE

Kidney disease screening recommendations include annual urine testing for albuminuria after 5 years’ duration of type 1 diabetes. We aimed to determine a simple, risk factor–based screening schedule that optimizes early detection and testing frequency.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Urinary albumin excretion measurements from 1,343 participants in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial and its long-term follow-up were used to create piecewise-exponential incidence models assuming 6-month constant hazards. Likelihood of the onset of moderately or severely elevated albuminuria (confirmed albumin excretion rate AER ≥30 or ≥300 mg/24 h, respectively) and its risk factors were used to identify individualized screening schedules. Time with undetected albuminuria and number of tests were compared with annual screening.

RESULTS

The 3-year cumulative incidence of elevated albuminuria following normoalbuminuria at any time during the study was 3.2%, which was strongly associated with higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and AER. Personalized screening in 2 years for those with current AER ≤10 mg/24 h and HbA1c ≤8% (low risk [0.6% three-year cumulative incidence]), in 6 months for those with AER 21–30 mg/24 h or HbA1c ≥9% (high risk [8.9% three-year cumulative incidence]), and in 1 year for all others (average risk [2.4% three-year cumulative incidence]) was associated with 34.9% reduction in time with undetected albuminuria and 20.4% reduction in testing frequency as compared with annual screening. Stratification by categories of HbA1c or AER alone was associated with reductions of lesser magnitude.

CONCLUSIONS

A personalized alternative to annual screening in type 1 diabetes can substantially reduce both the time with undetected kidney disease and the frequency of urine testing.

Article Highlights

Kidney disease screening recommendations include annual urine testing for albuminuria after 5 years’ duration of type 1 diabetes. We investigated simple screening schedules that optimize early detection and testing frequency. Personalized screening in 2 years for those with current AER ≤10 mg/24 h and HbA1c ≤8%, in 6 months for those with AER 21–30 mg/24 h or HbA1c ≥9%, and in 1 year for all others yielded 34.9% reduction in time with undetected albuminuria and 20.4% fewer evaluations compared with annual screening. A personalized alternative to annual screening in type 1 diabetes can substantially reduce both the time with undetected kidney disease and the frequency of urine testing.
Pharmacologic Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in the United States, Sweden, and Israel
Authors: Lyu Beini , Sang Yingying , Selvin Elizabeth , Chang Alex R. , Alexander G Caleb , Melzer-Cohen Cheli , Coresh Josef , Shalev Varda , Chodick Gabriel , Karasik Avraham , Jesús Carrero Juan , Fu Edouard L , Xu Yang , E. Grams Morgan , Shin Jung-Im
Published: November 2022

  

Abstract

Objectives To characterize and compare glucose-lowering medication use in type 2 diabetes in the US, Sweden, and Israel, including adoption of newer medications and prescribing patterns.

Research Design and Methods We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from the US, Stockholm CREAtinine Measurements project (SCREAM) from Sweden, and Maccabi Healthcare Services from Israel. Specific pharmacotherapy for type 2 diabetes between 2007 and 2018 were examined.  

Results Use of glucose-lowering medications among patients with type 2 diabetes was substantially lower in the US and SCREAM than in Maccabi (66.0% in NHANES, 68.4% in SCREAM, and 88.1% in Maccabi in 2017-2018). Among patients who took at least one glucose-lowering medication in 2017-2018, metformin use was also lower in the US and SCREAM (74.1% in NHANES, 75.9% in SCREAM, and 92.6% in Maccabi) whereas sulfonylureas use was greater in the US (31.5% in NHANES, 16.0% in SCREAM, and 14.9% in Maccabi). Adoption of DPP4i and SGLT2i were slower in the US and SCREAM than Maccabi. History of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure, reduced kidney function, and albuminuria were not consistently associated with greater use of SGLT2i or GLP1RA across the three countries.  

Conclusions There were substantial differences in real-world use of glucose-lowering medications across the US, Sweden, and Israel, with more optimal pharmacologic management in Israel. Variation in access to care and medication cost across countries may have contributed to these differences. SGLT2i and GLP1RA use in high-risk patients was limited in all three countries during this time period.
Influence of Fit-checking Material and Cleaning Protocols on the Bond Strength of Lithium Disilicate Glass-ceramics
Authors: Marchioro RR , Pini NIP , Kelmer VF , Freitas KMS , Santos PH , Pacheco RR , Sundfeld D
Published: November 2022

Objectives

To evaluate the bond strength of a resin luting agent to a lithium disilicate glass-ceramic after the use of different fit-checking materials and cleaning protocols.

Methods and Materials

Two hundred and forty-two (242) ceramic specimens were etched with 5% hydrofluoric acid for 20 seconds and distributed into 22 groups (n=10), in total. Four (4) groups were created based on fit-checking material and that had no following cleaning protocol: no fit-checking material used (control group); articulating paper; articulating spray; and fit-checker liquid. For each fit-checking material (3), 6 cleaning protocols were tested creating an additional 18 groups (n=10): air/water spray; 70% alcohol (ethanol); acetone; 35% phosphoric acid; 5% hydrofluoric acid; and a commercially available cleaning paste (Ivoclean, Ivoclar Vivadent). Silane and bonding resin were applied to all ceramic surfaces. Resin luting agent cylinders (1 mm in diameter) were created using silicone matrices, light-cured, and specimens were stored in deionized water at 37°C for 24 hours. Microshear bond strength test (μSBS) was performed on a universal testing machine (DL 500, EMIC) at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until failure. Results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α=0.05).

Results

Articulating paper and fit-checker liquid, when not properly removed, negatively affected the bond strength (p<0.05). None of the tested cleaning protocols were effective for articulating paper (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in bond strength after the cleaning protocols between articulating spray and fit-checker liquid when compared to the control group (no contamination) (p>0.05).

Conclusion

The cleaning protocols tested can effectively restore the bond strength of resin luting agents to lithium disilicate ceramics that were exposed to articulating spray or fit-checker liquid. The use of articulating paper is not recommended for fit-checking indirect lithium disilicate restorations.
Impact of Religiosity, Work-related Stress on Job Performance and Workload as Moderating Variable
Authors: Robbie R. Iqbal , Sayyaf R. Tanzil Fawaiq
Published: November 2022

Islamic banks are a combination of conventional and sharia practices carried out in banking operations, different cultures will give birth to a dynamic condition. The main problem as described above is that employee performance is identical to Islamic values, this is caused by too much workload so that they have to continue to work beyond reasonable working hours or overtime. The number of employees who are absent due to various reasons. This study examines how religiosity, work stress on employee performance, and the effect of workload moderating variables on the relationship between religiosity and performance in Islamic banks in Pasuruan City. Data were distributed through questionnaires and in-depth interviews to 70 employees of Islamic Banks in Pasuruan City, East Java Province, Indonesia. Data collection through questionnaires was processed with SmartPLS data analysis. The results showed that religiosity had a positive and significant effect on work stress and employee performance, job stress had no significant effect on performance, and workload as a moderating variable weakened the influence of religiosity on employee performance.
Does Affinity Country Really Matter? Re-examining the Effect of Consumer Affinity on Consumer Purchase Intention
Authors: Zaid Zaid , Pratondo Katon , Indrianto Anggraeni Pratama , Nurahman Ikhsan
Published: November 2022

Nowadays consumer affinity regularly has an important role and a positive effect on the purchase intention of products made in affinity countries. This study aims to analyses the effect of consumer affinity on purchase intention by involving product trust as a mediating variable. This study is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional survey approach. This study are involving 311 respondents as the subject. The data collected uing questionnaire and then processed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method to evaluate the effect of consumer affinity and product trust on purchase intention. The results of this study reveal that consumer affinity has a negative effect on purchase intention but has a positive effect on product trust. Meanwhile, product trust has a direct and positive effect on purchase intention. This study also analyses the indirect effect of consumer affinity on purchase intention through product trust and the results show that product trust is proven to mediate the effect of consumer affinity on purchase intention.
The Role of Coercive Intellectual Leadership in Improving the Performance of Study Programs Through 6C Characters of Lecturers in Central Java
Authors: Pratiwi Ratih , Nugroho Marno , Prabowo Heri , Yusroni Nanang
Published: November 2022

The facts show that the performance of the Study Program has not been achieved optimally. It can be seen from the accreditation results, quality of learning, scientific publications, and collaboration between institutions. Some study programs still have a low accreditation score (C), even regarding adequate resources. This study aims to analyze the effect of Communication, Collaboration, Compassion, Critical Thinking, Creative Thinking, and Computational Logic in improving the quality of graduation on organizational performance with the Coercive Intellectual Leadership approach. The census technique determined the research sample, meaning that the entire population was used as a sample. This study involved 21 Faculties of Economics and Business in Private Universities in Semarang, Central Java. Data analysis using statistical analysis software SEM-PLS. This research results show that 6C Management has a positive and significant effect on performance. From the data analysis results, coercive intellectual leadership inevitably moderates the effects of collaboration, critical thinking, and logic on performance. However, it cannot affect creativity, communication patterns, and compassion in improving performance.
Permainan Tematik dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga dan Kesehatan
Authors: Adi I Putu Panca , Satyawan I Made , Dartini Ni Putu Dwi Sucita
Published: November 2022

Kesulitan dalam mengintegrasikan pembelajaran PJOK ke dalam tema dengan alasan belum mendapatkan sosialisasi dan pelatihan karena selama ini yang banyak mendapatkan pelatihan tentang adalah guru kelas dan terbatasnya contoh kegiatan PJOK dalam buku guru maupun buku siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis permainan tematik dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga dan Kesehatan (PJOK). Metode yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan desain yang dikembangkan oleh Borg and Gall. Subjek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas 1 SD. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif kuantitatif dan statistik inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata nilai 91,58 berada pada kategori sangat baik artinya produk layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Uji kelayakan produk menunjukkan adalah 96,25 (sangat baik), hasil ujicoba kelompok besar adalah 91,25 (sangat baik) dan (3) hasil uji lapangan adalah 92,12 (sangat baik) sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa produk praktis dapat diterapkan dalam pembelajaran PJOK. Hasil uji efektivitas menunjukkan nilai t hitung 7,027 > 2,145 t-tabel yang berarti terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan  antara hasil belajar sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Hasil belajar peserta didik lebih baik setelah pemberian permainan tematik. Maka, permainan tematik dalam Pembelajaran PJOK Kelas 1 Tema Kegemaranku layak, praktis dan efektif untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran.
E-Modul Interaktif Pada Materi Bangun Datar Kelas III di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Puspitadewi Ni Luh Gede Candra , Japa I Gusti Ngurah
Published: November 2022

Pelaksanaan pembelajaran matematika hanya difokuskan pada penggunaan buku paket, LKS dan video pembelajaran, sehingga berdampak pada rendahnya tingkat pemahaman materi siswa serta tidak tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran dengan baik. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni untuk megembangkan e-modul interaktif materi bangun datar kelas III di sekolah dasar. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu pengembangan dengan menggunakan model ADDIE. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu 2 ahli media, 2 ahli praktisi, dan 2 ahli ahli materi. Subjek uji coba media yaitu siswa kelas III sekolah dasar yang berjumlah 10 siswa. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, dan kuesioner. Adapun instrument disajikan dengan menggunakan skala  rating scale. Teknik yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data yaitu statistik deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa validitas e-modul interaktif dari ahli materi 92,5% (sangat baik), ahli materi 92,5% (sangat baik), praktisi 97% (sangat baik) sedangkan hasil respon siswa 96,7% (sangat baik). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa e-modul interaktif materi bangun datar kelas III di sekolah dasar dinyatakan valid dengan kualifikasi sangat baik sehingga dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika.
Instrumen Evaluasi Model Discrepancy-CSE-UCLA Dalam Rangka Menunjang Evaluasi Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Synchronous
Authors: Suyasa P. Wayan Arta , Divayana Dewa Gede Hendra
Published: November 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menunjukkan validitas dan reliabilitas isi instrumen evaluasi Discrepancy-CSE-UCLA yang valid dan reliabel yang digunakan dalam mengevaluasi efektivitas pelaksanaan pembelajaran synchronous di SMK di Bali. Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah pengembangan instrumen. Langkah-langkah penelitian ini meliputi: mendefinisikan variabel, menjabarkan indikator, menyusun butir-butir instrumen, menguji butir-butir instrumen, dan menganalisis validitas dan reliabilitas instrumen. Responden yang terlibat dalam uji validitas isi instrumen adalah dua orang ahli. Responden yang dilibatkan dalam uji reliabilitas item instrumen sebanyak 40 orang ahli. Rumus yang digunakan untuk uji validitas isi instrumen adalah Gregory, sedangkan uji reliabilitasnya adalah koefisien Alpha Cronbach. Teknik yang digunakan untuk menganalisis hasil validitas isi instrumen adalah dengan membandingkan hasil perhitungan validitas isi instrumen dengan kategorisasi validitas isi Guilford. Analisis hasil uji reliabilitas instrumen dengan membandingkan hasil perhitungan uji reliabilitas dengan kategorisasi reliabilitas Guilford. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 64 item valid dan 12 item tidak valid. Tingkat validitas instrumen termasuk dalam kategori sangat tinggi. Reliabilitas instrumen termasuk dalam kategori tinggi.
Etnomathematic Exploration Study on The Traditional Dance of Kethek Ogleng
Authors: Asriyanto Amrih Mulat Arif , Muhibbin Ahmad , Widyasari Choiriyah , Prastiwi Yeny , Ramawati Laili Etika
Published: November 2022

Learning in elementary school is more interesting when learning with the culture that surrounds students. This study aims to explore the ethnomathematical content of the traditional dance of Kethek Ogleng. This study uses qualitative research with an ethnographic approach. Data collection techniques by observation, documentation, and interviews. The data analysis technique used is Domain Analysis and Taxonomy. The analysis steps obtain a general picture and a comprehensive concept of the object then into a concept. The result of the research is that the ethnomathematical content in the traditional dance of Kethek ogleng consists of, first, the concept of a circular flat shape, this concept is present when the dancer performs a knuckle movement. Second, build a tube room, which is found on drums as a dance accompaniment. Third, the angle is found in the curve of the foot when the dancer makes a dreamy movement. Fourth, there is a time limit on the duration of the dancer's performance. Fifth, the concept of a flat, square shape, is found in the dancer's pants decoration. The conclusions of this study prove that the traditional Kethek Ogleng dance originating from Wonogiri contains ethnomathematics. Therefore, this traditional tariff can be used as a medium for making learning designs for elementary school children.
E-LKPD Interaktif Berbasis Problem Solving pada Materi Skala dan Perbandingan Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Puriasih Luh Putu , Rati Ni Wayan
Published: November 2022

Kurangnya variasi guru dalam menggunakan perangkat pembelajaran menyebabkan kegiatan belajar mengajar yang dilaksanakan kurang maksimal, serta berdampak pada rendahnya hasil belajar dan motivasi belajar peserta didik. Sehingga untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dibutuhkan perangkat pembelajaran yang menarik yang mampu memotivasi peserta didik dalam belajar, salah satunya LKPD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan E-LKPD berbasis problem solving pada materi skala dan perbandingan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE. Subjek penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 orang ahli materi, 2 orang ahli media, 2 orang praktisi, dan 10 orang siswa kelas V. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode kuesioner dengan memberikan lembar penilaian kepada responden. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat validitas E-LKPD adalah instrumen rating scale. Data hasil penilaian E-LKPD dianalisis menggunakan rumus persentase untuk mengetahui persentase E-LKPD yang dikembangkan. Hasil persentase yang diperoleh yaitu, dari ahli materi 93,08%, ahli media 95%, hasil uji respons praktisi 91,05%, dan hasil uji respons siswa 92,8%, serta hasil yang diperoleh dengan kriteria sangat baik. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat diketahui bahwa E-LKPD interaktif berbasis problem solving pada materi skala dan perbandingan kelas V sekolah dasar dinyatakan layak untuk digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran. Implikasi dari penelitian ini yaitu peserta didik mampu belajar secara mandiri menggunakan E-LKPD berbasis problem solving materi skala dan perbandingan.
Побудова малогабаритних пристроїв для радіоелектронного подавлення малорозмірних безпілотних літальних апаратів
Authors:   Національний університет ", Фабіровський С. ,   Львівська політехніка", Сторож В. , Прудиус І. , Герей І.
Published: November 2022

This article is devoted to the solving task of developing a jamming device for suppressing small-sized unmanned aerial vehicles. The paper analyzes modern devices and systems for jamming, means of electronic countermeasures for unmanned aerial vehicles, their features and the principle of operation are indicated. The relevance of these devices to date is substantiated. A small-sized device for jamming in the frequency range from 433 to 6 GHz has been developed. Its structural and circuit diagram has been synthesized, the printed circuit board of this device has been designed on a modern element base. Designed, manufactured and tested a transmitting antenna for this device.
Trends of Referrals Throughout the Kingdom, A Retrospective Analysis of the Saudi Medical Appointments and Referrals Centre Registry, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alnassar Abdulaziz , Aljerian Nawfal , Alhosaini Abdulaziz , Alsultan Ali , Ashry Lyla , Alharthi Sawsan , Arafat Mohammed , Aldhabib Abdulrahman , Almohaimeed Ibrahim , Aloqayli Ahmed , Albanyan Sara , Alrabiah Bader , Salim Abdullah
Published: November 2022

Background: The referral process has a central role within health care systems, acting as a gateway to those requiring certain methods of care and services. The main objective of our study was to assess the trends of referrals across the regions of Saudi Arabia during a four-year period from 2018 to 2021 involving a total of more than 1·6 million referrals. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study design of referral data submitted by practitioners from different facilities across all regions within Saudi Arabia. Data was obtained from the Saudi Medical Appointments and Referrals Centre (SMARC) over a four-year timeline from 2018 to 2021, with data including the type of referral, reason for referral, and the required specialty. Results: A total of 1,607,009 referrals across the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia were analyzed. The overall number of referrals have increased dramatically throughout the years with an increase of 55% from the year 2018 to 2021, with most referrals being routine (938,467) (58·3%) composed of inpatient and outpatient types of referrals (Figure 1A). Unavailability of required specialty by the primary provider was the most popular reason for referral (897,461) (55·8%), with General Surgery contributing to the majority of referrals (430,664) (26·7%) (Figures 2A, 3A). Referrals initiated from 2019 to 2021 had an acceptance rate of 55·3% with the remaining being either closed (43·3%) or rejected (0·5%). The nationality of the individual requiring a referral was most likely Saudi, contributing to a total of (1,109,254) (84.8%) referrals from 2019 to 2021 (Tables 4A-4B). Conclusions: Upon assessing trends of referrals across regions of Saudi Arabia, we observed a major increase in referrals starting from the year 2018 to 2021, potentially inflicting harm on the sustainability of high-quality health systems. Further actions should be taken to assess the appropriateness of referrals made, which could aid in identifying areas of inefficiencies and possible rate reduction.
De la casa al trabajo
Authors: Campusano Marina , Castelo Nahuel , Gutniski Lara
Published: November 2022

Las y los trabajadores de enfermería son actores claves en la contingencia por el virus de covid-19. No obstante, el sistema de salud que integran presenta rasgos heterogéneos y segmentados que anteceden a la crisis sanitaria y que favorecieron la flexibilización y la precarización laboral, con la pandemia, estas desigualdades se profundizaron. En este artículo, siguiendo un diseño cualitativo y cuantitativo analizamos las condiciones en que las y los enfermeros de Chaco y Corrientes atravesaron el primer año pandémico, atendiendo a los aspectos que hicieron a su cotidianeidad.
First Archaeometrical Approach of the Examinations of Iron Age Ferrous Fragments from Regöly and Bükkábrány (Hungary) – The Inception of Iron Working in the Carpathian Basin?
Authors:   Institute of Metallurgy, University of Miskolc, 3515 Miskolc-Egyetemváros, Hungary, Török Béla , Barkóczy Péter ,   Institute of Physical Metallurgy, Metalforming and Nanotechnology, University of Miskolc, 3515 Miskolc-Egyetemváros, Hungary, Szabó Géza ,   Wosinsky Mór Museum, 7100 Szekszárd, Szent István tér 26, Hungary
Published: November 2022

The emergence, spread and development of iron working in the Carpathian Basin is an essential and interdisciplinary research field, an important stage of which being the results of the archaeometallurgical-archaeomaterial examinations presented in this article. The excavation site of Regöly (Hungary) represents a special source from the earliest Iron culture of the Carpathian Basin, and using the results of metallographic analysis our aim is to place the examined objects in their proper context with regard to the process of iron working. One fragment found in the tumulus of Regöly during the excavation 2011–2012 has been presumed part of an iron bloom; this may be the earliest example of iron working in the Carpathian Basin (630–600 BC). From both an historical and technological point of view this raises several questions. One aim of our study is to characterise the fragments in order to figure out what kind of processing has been applied and ultimately see how the ‘iron bloom’ fragment can be connected in any way to the other iron objects found at the site. Examinations were carried out by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS) on both the iron objects and the bloom fragment. Metallographic analysis revealed a very specific microstructure, indicating that the bloom fragment is not a direct product that came directly from the bloomery furnace; it could be a secondary or even tertiary product (prefabricated) instead. However, regarding the bloom fragment, there is evidence of a forging method. During the tests, slag inclusions were also examined. The results from Regöly were also compared with other finds from a Celtic workshop-type site (Bükkábrány, 320–200 BC). Although a direct connection between the examined iron objects and the iron bloom fragment (as possible raw material) cannot be confirmed, the iron artefacts and fragments of Regöly might easily have been made from some basic material as represented by the fragment of an iron bloom or bar. Even though the find from Regöly does not definitively provide the earliest evidence for iron smelting technology in the Carpathian Basin area, it does give evidence for some form of iron forging from a semi-finished product.
Examination of Metal Finds from the 10th Century Cemetery of Kiskunfélegyháza (Hungary)
Authors:   Institute of Metallurgy, University of Miskolc, B/1, 3515 Miskolc-Egyetemváros, Hungary, Török Béla , Giumlia-Mair Alessandra ,   AGM Archeoanalisi, Via della Costa 4, I-39012 Merano (BZ), Italy
Published: November 2022

This case study presents the results and conclusions of chemical and metallographic analyses carried out on metal finds (gilded silver mounts, jewelry made of silver- and copper-based alloys, and iron horse fittings) found in nine graves excavated at the 10th century site of the Terjék-tanya at Kiskunfélegyháza (Hungary). The examinations were performed with portable handheld X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (ED-XRF), optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive spectroscope (SEM-EDS). Beside the determination of the chemical composition of the non-ferrous artefacts and the inclusions of the iron samples, the aim of the study was to detect traces and characteristics of different manufacturing methods such as fire gilding, forging, etc.
El impacto normativo en la familia: realidad, retos y propuestas
Authors: Redondo Mora Pablo , García Ruiz Pablo
Published: November 2022

Desde 2009, la memoria del análisis de impacto normativo debe acompañar a los anteproyectos de ley y a los proyectos de reglamentos. La Ley 26/2015 introdujo, además, la obligatoriedad del análisis de impacto normativo en la familia. Sin embargo, este no se está realizando de forma adecuada. El principal motivo es la ausencia de una guía metodológica con directrices claras sobre las fuentes, técnicas y procedimientos que se deben emplear. Se hace necesario contar con procedimientos e instrumentos de evaluación que garanticen la validez y fiabilidad de los análisis, al tiempo que moderan las cargas de los profesionales de la administración encargados de realizar esta tarea.Este artículo estudia la introducción y desarrollo en España del análisis de impacto normativo como herramienta de evaluación ex ante para la mejora regulatoria. Presenta la situación actual respecto a su aplicación a nivel de la Administración General del Estado y en varias Comunidades Autónomas, reflejando la disparidad de criterios y la confusión a la hora de realizar este tipo de evaluación. Y, finalmente, propone directrices para llevarlo a cabo de forma adecuada.
Movilidad de pacientes y descentralización sanitaria: respuestas y retos en el Sistema Nacional de Salud español
Authors: Perna Roberta , Cruz-Martínez Gibrán , Moreno Fuentes Francisco Javier
Published: November 2022

La creciente movilidad interregional de pacientes en el sistema de salud español demanda mecanismos de coordinación vertical y horizontal ante la multiplicidad de actores e instituciones involucradas en un sistema de salud descentralizado. En este artículo analizamos las herramientas desarrolladas en el conjunto del sistema sanitario español para hacer frente a la movilidad de pacientes hacia centros de excelencia (CSUR) y entre áreas limítrofes (acuerdos y convenios bilaterales), así como los mecanismos de compensación financiera desarrollados para hacer frente a la movilidad de pacientes. El estudio combina un análisis descriptivo sobre liquidaciones y asistencias sanitarias en las 17 CC.AA, Ceuta y Melilla, con una revisión de documentos y entrevistas con informantes clave. A lo largo del texto, se pone de manifiesto la existencia de retos institucionales, políticos y, sobre todo, financieros para alcanzar una efectiva coordinación entre los actores públicos del SNS para responder a la movilidad de pacientes.
RESTORATIVE ASSESSMENT BASED ON RESULT OF INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT PROSECUTION OF RESTORATIVE JUSTICE ABUSE
Authors: Mediansyah Bayu
Published: November 2022

The prosecution process for narcotics abusers involves a thorough assessment, yet the procedural step of prosecution itself is not consistently carried out by all law enforcement agencies. This inconsistency stems from various challenges encountered by the prosecutor's office, including deficiencies in legal frameworks, conflicts between law enforcement entities, and inadequate facilities. Moreover, there is a shortage of both manpower and funding, compounded by the persistent mindset among prisoners that impedes rehabilitation efforts. To bolster restorative justice in prosecuting drug users based on integrated assessment recommendations, several measures are imperative. Firstly, collaboration is needed to familiarize law enforcement agencies with the Integrated Assessment Team and its evaluation program. Secondly, coordination among these agencies must be strengthened to streamline the assessment process. Thirdly, there should be a boost in budget allocation to facilitate the implementation and improvement of the assessment process. Finally, essential facilities and equipment must be supplied to enable the effective execution of assessments.
PENERAPAN PEMBUATAN RHIZOKOMPOS BAGI KELOMPOK WANITA TANI TUNAS HARAPAN KELURAHAN LIMAU MANIS KECAMATAN PAUH KOTA PADANG
Authors: Yanti Yulmira , Hamid Hasmiandy , Nurbailis Nurbailis , Hermeria Noveriza
Published: November 2022

Kelompok Wanita Tani Tunas Harapan Kelurahan Limau Manis Kecamatan Pauh Kota Padang merupakan salah satu kelompok tani yang memiliki berbagai permasalahan seperti kekeringan, tingginya jumlah lahan tidur dan tanah yang gersang. Tanaman utama yang ditanam saat musim hujan adalah padi sawah, namun sebagian besar lahan menjadi lahan tidur saat musim kemarau. Permasalahan lain yang sering dihadapi selama pelaksanaan budidaya adalah masalah kualitas tanah, kurangnya kadar bahan organik dalam tanah juga dapat menjadi penyebab terjadinya degradasi yang berdampak pada penurunan produktivitas tanaman padi. Dalam hal pemupukan, petani di lokasi ini masih menggunakan pupuk buatan (pupuk kimia), dimana penggunaan pupuk kimia juga dapat menurunkan kualitas pangan hasil pertanian sehingga tidak aman untuk dikonsumsi. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk menambah pengetahuan masyarakat bahwasanya limbah tongkol jagung dan limbah kakao yang banyak terdapat di lingkungan sekitar dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan pembuatan kompos. Metode yang digunakan yaitu dengan metode sosialisasi, penyuluhan dan diskusi serta demonstrasi berupa praktek pembuatan rhizokompos secara langsung di lapangan bersama kelompok tani dan masyarakat sekitar. Hasil dari kegiatan ini diperoleh rhizokompos berbahan dasar limbah tongkol jagung dan limbah kakao. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dari kegiatan ini yaitu meningkatnya pemahaman masyarakat khususnya Kelompok Tani (KWT Tunas Harapan) tentang manfaat dari limbah tongkol jagung dan limbah kakao yang dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan utama pembuatan kompos.
Modern Implementation and Evaluation of Lifting-Line Theory for Complex Geometries
Authors: Goates Cory D. , Hunsaker Douglas F.
Published: November 2022

A numerical lifting-line method (implemented in an open-source software package) is presented that can accurately estimate the aerodynamics of wings with arbitrary sweep, dihedral, and twist. Previous numerical lifting-line methods have suffered from grid convergence challenges and limitations in accurately modeling the effects of sweep, or have relied on empirical relations for swept-wing parameters and have been limited in their application to typical wing geometries. This work presents novel improvements in accuracy, flexibility, and speed for complex geometries over previous methods. In the current work, thin-airfoil theory is used to correct section lift coefficients for sweep, providing a more general closure to the lifting-line problem. A linearized solution is presented, which can be used as a rapid approximation for the full solution, or as an initial guess for the nonlinear system of equations to speed convergence. Sensitivities to model parameters are investigated, and appropriate recommendations for these parameters are given. Agreement with Prandtl’s classical lifting-line method is excellent in the case of straight wings. Comparison with experimental data shows that this method can reasonably predict lift, drag, and lift distribution for a range of wing configurations. The speed and accuracy of this method make it well-suited for preliminary design and optimization.
Direct Simulation Monte Carlo Methods for Hypersonic Flows with Automatic Mesh Optimization
Authors: Mallikarjun Shrutakeerti , Casseau Vincent , Habashi Wagdi G. , Gao Song , Karchani Abolfazl
Published: November 2022

High-Altitude Low-Orbit 3D (HALO3D) is a comprehensive multidisciplinary software system being developed by the current authors to simulate flowfields around hypersonic aircraft whose flightpath spans low (continuum) to high (rarefied) altitudes. This paper presents a methodology for coupling HALO3D’s particle-based rarefied flow module, HALO3D–Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (HALO3D-DSMC), with a solution-driven edge-based automatic mesh optimization algorithm, OptiGrid. The paper studies the choice of optimization scalars and constraints for DSMC solvers, an aspect believed to be currently lacking in the literature. Three optimization constraints are used: minimum and maximum edge lengths and a target number of nodes/cells. Mesh optimization is conducted for Bird’s leading-edge case and flows over two- and three-dimensional cylinder geometries for freestream Knudsen numbers ranging from 0.01 to 0.047. An adaptation scalar set combining flow variables such as density, velocity components, modal temperatures, pressure, and Mach number produces an unstructured collisional-sampling mesh that greatly improves the quality of the solution without necessarily increasing mesh size. The solutions represented by the optimal meshes are smooth and free of irregularities, with salient flow features being captured well. In addition, the coupled system can simulate complex geometries and multiscale flow features with arbitrarily generated initial grids.
Analytical Modeling for Flapping Wing Deformation and Kinematics with Beam Flexibility
Authors: Du Feng , Wu Jianghao
Published: November 2022

The intrinsic flexibility of biological flyers’ wings has been well recognized as an efficient way to regulate the performance of their flight through the complex interaction between the surrounding air and the deformation of the wings. However, for vehicles that mimic flying creatures through a flapping protocol, the deformation of the beams on the flapping wings is largely ignored. In this study, based on the elastokinetics method, theoretical models, including a simplified analytical solution, are built to determine the deformation and the kinematics of the flapping wing with beam flexibility. After verifying the models by finite element method simulations and experiments, the flapping kinematics of the wing under various wing conditions is resolved in detail. The analytical theory indicates that the system is fully regulated by two independent parameters. The first one describes the damping effect, which is the product of the driving amplitude and the damping ratio, whereas the second one describes the flexibility of the beam, which is the ratio of the driving angular velocity and the circular natural frequency of the beam. This simple analytical theory neatly captures the kinematics of the wing, which will help to evaluate the performance of the flapping wing with beam flexibility.
Spectral Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Reduced-Order Model for Analysis of Aerothermoelasticity
Authors: Ji Chunxiu , Xie Dan , Zhang Shihao , Maqsood Adnan
Published: November 2022

Analysis and simulation of fluid–thermal–structure coupling play an essential role in hypersonic flight vehicle design. In this study, the spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD) method is employed to establish the reduced-order model (ROM) for a hypersonic panel with a thermal protection system. First, the subsystem of the aerothermoelastic (AETI) system is modeled. Specifically, the aerodynamic heating is calculated with Eckert’s reference enthalpy method. The heat transfer is carried out with the finite difference method, and the aeroelastic equation is built by integrating the von Kármán plate theory and the third-order piston theory. Additionally, the two-way coupling between aerothermal and aeroelastic subsystems is used to construct the AETI system. Second, the optimal snapshots with the resultant local SPOD modes (SPOMs) are evaluated in terms of accuracy. Third, the global SPOMs for variable flight parameters are promoted to develop the robustness of the proposed SPOD/ROM. The findings indicate that taking the transient chaotic response as snapshots can produce global SPOMs. SPOD/ROM for the present AETI system improves the efficiency by 10–50 times compared to the classic Galerkin method. Moreover, the global SPOMs to variable Mach number and flight altitude are essentially the natural modes of the AETI panel, and thus are dependent on the temperature of the fluttering panel, which is our new finding in the present study. Overall, the current research will provide methods for accurately and efficiently predicting thermal loads, flutter boundary, and dynamic response for hypersonic flight vehicles.
Chronic liver disease and hepatic encephalopathy patients with new-onset focal motor status epilepticus: Indicates herpetic encephalitis
Authors: Koul Roshan , Kumar Navin M. , Naheed Darakshan , Sarin Shiv K.
Published: November 2022

Seizures are not common in cases with chronic liver disease. Overall seizures have been reported in 20–30% of cases in chronic liver disease associated with hepatic encephalopathy. We report two cases of chronic liver disease patients who presented with new-onset refractory focal status epilepticus (SE). Both patients had encephalitis and seizures which responded only when acyclovir was added to the treatment with antiepileptic medication. Herpes encephalitis should be considered as a possible diagnosis in new-onset focal seizures or focal SE in patients with chronic liver disease with or without hepatic encephalopathy, pending further investigations.
Initial experience in assessing diagnostic utility of conventional and functional imaging (staging CT, PET CT, and MRI Brain/Spine) in suspected cases of paraneoplastic neurological syndrome
Authors: Sanyal Shanti Ranjan , Kodituwakku Keneth , Nisreen Amin , Kilani Saeed Mohammad , Gupta Manish
Published: November 2022

Objectives:

Radiology receives a large volume of referrals for systemic scans and neuroimaging in suspected cases of paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) patients. To date, there have been no guidelines to define imaging pathways in diagnosis or surveillance of such patients. This article aims to evaluate diagnostic utility of imaging in detecting positive results as well as ruling out significant pathologies in suspected cases of PNS and strategize vetting requests.

Materials and Methods:

Retrospectively evaluated scan records, onconeuronal antibody results of 80 patients (separated into below and over 60s age group) referred with suspected PNS (categorized as classical or probable PNS after neurological assessment). Imaging findings and final diagnoses were classified into three groups: Normal (N), non-neoplastic significant findings (S), and malignancies (M) after evaluating histopathology results/ perioperative findings and treatment notes.

Results:

There were ten cases of biopsy-proven malignancies and 18 cases of non-neoplastic significant conditions (predominantly neurological) with malignancies dominating in the elderly age group, demyelinating neurological conditions in below 60s group and patients suspected of classical PNS on neurological evaluation. Staging computed tomography (CT) had 50%, positron emission tomography CT (PETCT) had 80%, sensitivity had 93%, and negative predictive value in ruling out malignancy had 96%. Magnetic resonance of brain and spine was reported abnormal in 68% of finally diagnosed positive cases while only 11% cases demonstrated onconeuronal antibody positivity.

Conclusion:

Complete neuroimaging before systemic scans, categorization of referral requests in probable and classical cases of PNS with prioritization of PET in cases of high clinical concern might help in better detection of pathologies and reduce unnecessary CTs.
Anxiety, depression, and psychosocial adjustment in people with epilepsy
Authors: Jayalakshmi Sita , Telugu Ramakrishna , Vooturi Sudhindra , Patil Anuja , Sirisha Sai , Somayajula Shanmukhi
Published: November 2022

Objective:

Effect of psychological disorders on social functioning in people with epilepsy (PWE) is not extensively reported. We evaluate psychosocial functioning in PWE attending an outpatient clinic and aim to understand the differences in psychosocial functioning between anxiety, depression, and coexisting anxiety and depression in PWE.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective evaluation of psychosocial functioning of 324 consecutive adult PWE attending outpatient epilepsy clinic was done using self-reported Washington Psychosocial Seizure Inventory. The study population was divided in four groups – without psychological disorders, anxiety, depression, and both anxiety and depression.

Results:

The mean age of study population was 25.90 ± 6.22 years. Anxiety was noted in 73 (22.5%), depression in 60 (18.5%), and both anxiety and depression were seen in 70 (21.6%) and the rest had normal psychosocial function. There were no significant differences across all the four sub-groups for sociodemographics. Psychosocial functioning did not differ significantly between PWE with normal psychosocial function and PWE with anxiety alone. However, psychosocial functioning scores were worse in PWE with depression and PWE with both anxiety and depression when compared to PWE with normal psychosocial function.

Conclusion:

In the present study of PWE attending an outpatient epilepsy clinic, one-fifth of PWE had both anxiety and depression. Psychosocial functioning in PWE with anxiety was similar to otherwise healthy/normal PWE, whereas PWE with depression showed poor psychosocial functioning. Role of psychological interventions on psychosocial aspects of epilepsy should be studied extensively in future.
Bilateral idiopathic optic nerve sheath meningocele: A case report and literature review
Authors: Morello Alberto , Bianconi Andrea , Cogoni Maurizio , Borgarello Silvana , Garbossa Diego , Micon Barbara Massa
Published: November 2022

Optic nerve (ON) sheath meningocele is an enlargement of the ON sheath, consisting in a cerebrospinal fluid collection along the perineural space of the optic nerve. It should be considered primary when it is not associated with orbital-cerebral neoplasm or with cranio-orbital junction malformations. Here, we report a case of bilateral primary idiopathic ON meningocele with gradual vision loss, treated with acetazolamide, which showed a maintained visual recovery and partial improvement during a 6-month follow-up period. The literature review retrieved eight cases of primary idiopathic ON sheath meningocele: ON sheath fenestration is considered in patients with progressive and severe vision loss, otherwise, acetazolamide treatment is indicated with good results on symptoms control, as confirmed in our case report.