bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE CONTENT OF AMINO ACIDS IN THE MUSCLES OF THE AFRICAN SHARPTOOTH CATFISH IN THE INTERSPAWNING PERIOD
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Shadyeva L. А. , Romanova Е. М. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Romanov V. V. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Shlenkina Т. М. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: January 2021

The meat of the African sharptooth catfish has a variability in indicators of nutritional and biological value, depending on the physiological state of fish. The aim of the study was to compare the nutritional and biological value of african sharptooth catfish meat during the spawning and inter-spawning period. The object of the study is muscle tissue of the african sharptooth catfish at the age of 12 months. The assessment of organoleptic properties and indicators of nutritional and biological value of the muscle tissue of the african sharptooth catfish during the spawning and inter-spawning period was carried out. The organoleptic properties of the african sharptooth catfish during the inter-spawning and spawning periods did not differ significantly. It was found that the criteria for the nutritional value of african sharptooth catfish meat in the inter-spawning period significantly exceed similar indicators during the spawning period. The meat of the african sharptooth catfish in inter-spawning period includes more fat and protein, therefore, is characterized by less water content. The biological value of meat is determined by the content of amino acids in it. During the inter-spawning period, the amount of all amino acids in the meat of African clarias significantly increases. The dominant position of essential amino acids is occupied by lysine and tryptophan. This is of exceptional importance for a living organism. Tryptophan is indispensable in the synthesis of vitamin B3, which has a vasoprotective effect, reduces cholesterol and provides prevention of hypoxia of cells and tissues. Lysine is a source of carnitine, stimulates mitosis, provides prophylaxis of osteoporosis, and stimulates bone regeneration. According to research, lysine can prevent the development and ease the course of Alzheimer’s disease. Eating foods with high levels of tryptophan and lysine ultimately improves the quality of life. The high content of lysine and tryptophan makes it possible to attribute african sharptooth meat to an indispensable component of children’s and sports nutrition.
INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND PLANTING DENSITY ON PERIPHERAL BLOOD PARAMETERS OF THE AFRICAN SHARPTOOTH CATFISH IN THE CONDITIONS OF RAS
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Shlenkina Т. М. , Romanova Е. М. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Romanov V.V. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Shadyeva L. А. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: January 2021

The article presents the results of research on the influence of biotic and abiotic factors, in particular, planting density and temperature on the peripheral blood composition of the African sharptooth catfish. It was found that when the water temperature decreases by 4-60С, compared with the optimal temperature, the structure of differential blood count, the content of red blood cells and white blood cells changes in catfish. The answer to the effect of temperature factor affected polymorphonuclear cells and monocytes in differential blood count, and to a lesser extent, lymphocytes. The other components of differential blood count did not change significantly. Significant changes occurred in red blood system. When the temperature decreased, the content of red blood cells in the blood significantly decreased. At the same time, the content of white blood cells significantly increased. Similar reactions of the blood system were observed with increased planting density. It was shown that the proportion of monocytes with increased planting density increased significantly. It is monocytes that carry out phagocytosis, which allows the body to fight naturally against the penetration of foreign invaders. It should be noted that the proportion of monocytes increased by more than for 76% against the background of increased planting density. This is obvious due to the fact that with a high planting density, the concentration of fish metabolites in water increases.. A high level of organic matter contributes to the development of pathogenic and opportunistic pathogenic microbiota that threatens the body of fish. It is this process that, in our opinion, stimulates mechanism of increased production of monocytes.
DEVELOPMENT OF QUICK SCHEME IDENTIFICATION OF LISTERIA USING PHAGE BIOPREPARATION L.M 4 УЛГАУ
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Suldina E.V.
Published: January 2021

The causative agent Listeria monocytogenes causes listeriosis, a severe foodborne illness associated with high mortality. Rapid and sensitive methods are required to detect and identify this pathogen in the food production process. The article presents the results of research on the development of technological parameters for the production of biopreparation based on the bacteriophage L. m 4 UlSAU for quick identification of bacteria of the genus Listeria with its help. It was established that for the production of L. m 4 phage of UlSAU with maximum titers, the optimal parameters are: multiplicity of MOI 1 infection, cultivation temperature-28°C, incubation time of the phage/ culture system – 6 hours. Based on these results, we have offered technological scheme for the production of phage biopreparation L. m 4 UlSAU, which includes the following steps: confirmation of biological properties of indicator phage and increasing its titer (if necessary), verification and confirmation of biological properties of indicator culture, production of phage biopreparation and control of its indicators. Accelerated scheme for Listeria identification was offered with the help of prepared biological product based on L. m 4 bacteriophage of UlSAU. The scheme was tested on samples of chicken meat and minced meat semi finished products artificially contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes bacteria in concentrations 101-105 CFU/ml. It was established that the proposed scheme of listeria identification allows to reduce the duration of studies by 84 hours in comparison with the traditional bacteriological method and to detect listeria at a concentration of 100 CFU/ml (g) in 82 hours. The phagoidentification time at the pure culture typing stage is 18 hours.
RESEARCH OF PROPERTIES OF MAGNETIC LUBRICANTS BASED ON ORGANOSILICON LIQUID
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ivanovo state agricultural academy named after D.К. Belyaev, Terentyev V.V. , Bausov А. М. ,   FSBEI HE Ivanovo state agricultural academy named after D.К. Belyaev, Toropov М. V. ,   FSBEI HE Ivanovo state agricultural academy named after D.К. Belyaev
Published: January 2021

The results of research on lubricants which are magnetic fluids are presented. The positive effect on the characteristics of the lubricant of pondemotor force that occurs when an external magnetic field is applied is noted. The purpose of this work is to study the properties of magnetic lubricants based on polyethylsiloxane liquids and confirm the previously stated theoretical assumptions. The main objectives of the research are to develop the composition of a lubricant based on a polyethylsiloxane magnetic fluid, to determine the characteristics of adhesion of this material to a metal base, to obtain an adequate mathematical model describing the characteristics of adhesion of the lubricant to the surface, and to determine its stability during operation. Experimental installations and methods for determining the characteristics of the coupling of magnetic fluids with the friction surface, as well as the stability of magnetic fluid itself during operation, have been developed. The prospects of introducing oleic acid into the organosilicon base of the magnetic liquid are noted. A decrease in the adhesion coefficient with an increase in the rotational speed of the samples at loads from 160 N to 320 N was revealed by an average of 1.6...2.7 times. It is proved that the magnetic lubricant adheres to the metal base more strongly than Litol-24 by an average of 6 times, which prevents the rolling elements from slipping during the operation of the samples. Different patterns of changes in adhesion to metal surfaces of Litol-24 and magnetic fluids are noted. An increase in the adhesion coefficient of magnetic fluids under the conditions of applying a constant magnetic field at loads on samples from 480 N to 800 N due to the magnetorheological effect by 20...30% is established. A mathematical model is obtained that adequately describes the change in the adhesion coefficient of the obtained magnetic lubricant. The composition of the magnetic liquid is recommended, consisting of a polyethylene siloxane carrier liquid, a surfactant-oleic acid, and a ferromagnetic phase-magnetite with a particle size of 7.5 nm. High stability of the developed magnetic fluids during longterm operation has been experimentally established. The stability coefficient of the magnetic fluid decreased by 2.51 times in 366 hours.
THEORETICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE MOTION OF SOYBEAN SEEDS IN COAXIALLY POSITIONED CYLINDERS
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Isaev Yu. М. , Semashkin N. М. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Zlobin V. А. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: January 2021

The work is aimed at studying the process of moving a single particle of bulk material in the vertical direction by a spiral-screw working tool of the conveyor and substantiating its technical characteristics. A single particle of granular material is considered the equivalent of a material point. A spiral-screw conveyor is used as a device for moving bulk material. The transportation process is carried out when the device is in a vertical position. The construction of this device implies that the drive of the working tool is located in the lower part, so that during operation the material is moved from the bottom to the top. When determining the parameters of the process of moving bulk material using a conveyor with a spiral-screw working tool, modeling using the d’Alembert equations is applied. These equations describe the steady flow of particles in a cylindrical coordinate system. The applied d’Alembert principle makes it possible to use static methods to solve problems of dynamics. For a mechanical system, you can write the equations of motion in the form of equilibrium equations. Such equations can be used to determine unknown forces, in particular, constraint reactions, as well as conditions acting on a single particle of bulk material being moved by a transport device. The particle, when moving, directly interacts with a complex system that includes: a fixed inner part of the outer casing generatrix; a fixed outer part of the inner cylinder generatrix; a movable spiral-screw working tool with certain geometric parameters (the wire diameter of the spiral, the spiral pitch, the average diameter of waps).
RESPONSIVENESS OF SPRING WHEAT TO THE EFFECTS AND AFTEREFFECTS OF ORGANIC AND MINERAL FERTILIZERS
Authors:   Samara Federal Research Scientific Center RAS, Nikiforova S. А. , Zaharov S. А. ,   Samara Federal Research Scientific Center RAS
Published: January 2021

In 2016-2018, scientific research was carried out on the experimental field of the Ulyanovsk agricultural research Institute on leached heavy loam chernozem to assess the effectiveness and aftereffect of mineral and organic fertilizers in the technology of cultivation of spring wheat varieties, depending on the level of intensification. Weather conditions over the years of research were characterized as quite favorable, but during the period of germination-tillering plants experienced a lack of productive moisture, which affected the overall productivity of the crop and the effectiveness of organic and mineral fertilizers. Spring wheat crops used the aftereffect of straw of the previous crop (winter wheat) and manure, as well as the effect and aftereffect (introduced under winter wheat) of mineral fertilizers. The responsiveness of varieties to mineral and organic was different, which was explained by varietal features and the conditions of water availability of the year. Separate planting of winter wheat straw in the soil did not lead to a significant increase in crop productivity. High availability of soil by mineral nutrients (natural fertility) allowed to get depending on grade from 2.3 to 2.96 t/ha of grain in the control variant (without fertilizers), on the ground the advantage was with the variety Margarita (2,96 t/ha). The largest grain yield was formed by spring wheat of Margarita variety, but this variety showed less responsiveness to mineral and organic fertilizers. On average, the increase in yield, depending on the level of intensification, was 0.3-0.5 t / ha. The use of complex fertilizers for pre-sowing cultivation and the aftereffect of organic fertilizers led to an increase in the content of protein (up to 14.1-15.9 %) and gluten (up to 25.9-30.0 %).
DNA MARKING WHEN CREATING APPLE VARIETIES WITH STABLE SCAB RESISTANCE
Authors:   SBI of the Samara region «Research Institute of horticulture and medicinal plants «Zhigulevskie gardens», Dulov М.I.
Published: January 2021

The use of chemical means of protection against Apple scab is associated with high material costs and causes great harm to the environment. Growing of apple varieties with stable resistance to scab (the pathogen Venturia inaequalis) will significantly limit the use of pesticides. On the territory of the Russian Federation, the Rvi6 gene is considered immune, which determines resistance to five scab races, including the most aggressive fifth. The country has scabimmune apple varieties created by scientists from VNIISPK, NCFSCHWWG, FRC named after I. V. Michurin , VSTISP and other scientific institutions. In recent years, the Rvi6 gene has been overcome by scab in many European countries, and the Rvi5 gene, which is immune to four scab races, has been overcome in Russia and Germany. When creating high-yielding apple varieties of a new generation, with good fruit flavor quality, long-term and stable resistance to scab, in addition to the rvi6 resistance gene, the most promising sources are the Rvi5, Rvi11, Rvi12, Rvi14 and Rvi15 genes. The Rvi2, Rvi4, Rvi6, Rvi7 and Rvi9 genes in the apple breeding process are best used in extended pyramids of genetic resistance to scab. This will allow you to combine several scab resistance genes that control the immune system in one apple genotype. The article describes the characteristics of DNA markers, the nucleotide sequence of primers, the size of target fragments of the PCR product, including the size of the dominant allele product for detecting Rvi genes of the Venturia inaequalis pathogen that are promising for apple breeding in varieties and hybrid material. Amplification programs were selected to identify resistance genes to various races of apple scab.
Celebrating the 75th birthday of Professor Wladek Minor, one of the most accomplished Polish-American structural biologists
Authors: Jaskolski Mariusz , Wlodawer Alexander , Dauter Zbigniew , Shabalin Ivan , Chruszcz Maksymilian
Published: January 2021

This paper describes the scientific career and accomplishments of Professor Wladek Minor, who holds an endowed chair at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, USA. Prof. Minor is a coauthor of data processing software used by macromolecular crystallographers world-wide, as well as of structural biology servers and of a repository for raw diffraction data. He made major contributions to the validation of biostructural data, with special focus on drug design targets and reproducibility in biomedical research. He is among the most highly cited molecular biologists ever.
Los hijos de Huari: etnografía y etnohistoria de tres pueblos de la sierra de Ancash, Perú
Authors: Venturoli Sofia
Published: January 2021

El libro explora las relaciones entre dos comunidades campesinas y una capital de provincia de la zona de Conchucos, en Áncash. A lo largo del volumen se va mostrando el rigor de su investigación sobre las representaciones y las interpretaciones producidas por los habitantes de la provincia de Huari acerca de sus prácticas sociales, culturales y económicas, tanto en el ámbito temporal como espacial. Así se toman en cuenta los mitos de origen sobre esta cultura, las crónicas, la concepción espacial, las fiestas y ritos, la organización política y social, las actividades productivas y su cotidianidad. Incluso se hace mención de la incursión del peruanista Antonio Raimondi en la zona.
Issues related to creation of borders of the agricultural production space in land consolidation processes in Poland with consideration of soil, water and agricultural landscape protection
Authors: Mikulska Katarzyna Sobolewska
Published: January 2021

The idea of rural areas development in the European Union has been implemented according to sustainable development rules. This approach is also valid in case of Polish rural areas, in particular when arrangement of borders of the agricultural production space is considered. Changes in density and sizes of farms in Poland exposed and intensified situation when agricultural production resources are not utilised, as well as degradation of the natural environment. From the perspective of the agricultural policy it has been estimated that in Poland the process of land concentration should be combined with the process of reduction of the number of farms. This process is performed in Polish conditions in the form of surveying works - in particular, as land consolidation operations. The necessity to follow the sustainable development rules proved that land consolidation works cover too narrow scope of conventional solutions. This process should not ignore ecological, environmental aspects, as well as other aspects related to spatial arrangement and landscape. The paper will discuss solutions of conventional land consolidation works performed in Poland, their scopes and estimation of demands. The land consolidation process is most important in transformation of the agricultural production space, where the basic objective is to improve the farm organisational space with consideration of environmental protection and landscape arrangements. The paper will also present and characterise the possibilities of solutions in the field of soil, water and agricultural landscape protection from the perspective of land consolidation works performed in Poland.

Keywords: land consolidation, agricultural production space, borders.
Waste management education: A driven concern for academic community
Authors: Coskun Mucahit , Edward Gbadeyanka Gbadebo
Published: January 2021

The current research evaluated waste management education-related articles – in which a total of 172 articles identified. At the same time, 70 articles were mainly connected to the research topic and considered high rated journals as a database for the study. Consequently, qualitative content analyses of the articles were done manually and by analysing search results system. The content analysis results revealed the trend of the article's publication yearly- theoretically, practically and methodologically. The analysis disclosed less attention and emphasis given to 3Rs and landfill according to the percentage rating (2.90%) of 66 related articles on waste management education. Thus, the essence of waste reduction and waste education need to be reinforced among various waste generators and the rules and activities regarding waste reduction need to be acknowledged and initiated. Awareness and enthusiastic, forthcoming events and encouragements occupied a vital position in how discarded materials could minimise. This study significantly upon the ground of conclusion, calls for more papers and further research from various academic communities in context.
 
KEYWORDS: Academic Communities; Education; Landfill; Management; Methodologically; Practically; Theoretically; Waste; 3Rs (Reduce, Recycle and Re-use waste)
Increasing efficiency with biomimetic approach in thermoregulative building envelope strategies supporting internal thermal comfort
Authors: Avcıoğlu Banu Çiçek , Başak Hüdayim
Published: January 2021

There has been a plea for sustainable use of resources since  the twentieth century. Buildings are known to consume forty percent of the world’s resources. Resources such as gas, oil, coal and electrical energy used in heating, cooling and ventilation of buildings are limited, as well as causing air pollution and climate change. For this reason, the energy resources used in the buildings should be used effectively, considering environmental concerns. The aim of this study is to describe the shift in efficient use of energy in buildings using a biomimetic approach in thermoregulative building envelope strategies that support internal thermal comfort. In this study, passive systems integrated into buildings which use solar energy, one of the renewable energy sources for heating, cooling and ventilation purposes have been examined. The methods followed by nature in using solar energy are discussed with the biomimetic approach and suggestions have been made to support the increase of energy efficiency by applying the obtained teachings to passive building envelopes.
 
Keywords: biomimetics; building envelope; kinetic building envelope; passive strategies; Thermal comfort
Social Determinants of Health and Implementation Research: Three Decades of Progress and a Need for Convergence
Authors: Mensah George A. , Riley William T.
Published: January 2021

Ethn Dis. 2021;31(1):1-4
The Influence of Health Insurance Stability on Racial/Ethnic Differences in Diabetes Control and Management
Authors: Brown Alison G. M. , Kressin Nancy , Terrin Norma , Hanchate Amresh , Suzukida Jillian , Kher Sucharita , Price Lori Lyn , LeClair Amy M. , Krzyszczyk Danielle , Byhoff Elena , Freund Karen
Published: January 2021

Objective: This study examined whether health insurance stability was associated with improved type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) control and reduced racial/ethnic health disparities.Methods: We utilized electronic medical record data (2005-2013) from two large, urban academic health systems with a racially/ethnically diverse patient popula­tion to examine insurance coverage, and three DM outcomes (poor diabetes control, A1c ≥8.0%; very poor diabetes control A1c >9.0%; and poor BP control, ≥ 130/80 mm Hg) and one DM management outcome (A1c monitoring). We used generalized estimating equations adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, site of care, education, and income. Additional analysis examined if insurance stability (stable public or private insurance over the six-month internal) moderates the impact of race/ethnicity on DM outcomes.Results: Nearly 50% of non-Hispanic (NH) Whites had private insurance cover­age, compared with 33.5% of NH Blacks, 31.5% of Asians, and 31.1% of Hispanics. Overall, and within most racial/ ethnic groups, insurance stability was associated with better glycemic control compared with those with insurance switches or always being uninsured, with uninsured NH Blacks having significantly worse BP control. More NH Black and Hispanic patients had poorly controlled (A1c≥8%) and very poorly controlled (A1c>9%) diabetes across all insurance stability types than NH Whites or Asians. The interaction between insurance instability and race/ethnic groups was statis­tically significant for A1c monitoring and BP control, but not for glycemic control.Conclusion: Stable insurance coverage was associated with improved DM outcomes for all racial / ethnic groups, but did not eliminate racial ethnic disparitiesEthn Dis. 2021;31(1):149-158; doi:10.18865/ed.31.1.149
Determinants of Adherence to National Infant Feeding Guidelines by Black Mothers Living with HIV
Authors: Hannan Jean , Etowa Josephine B. , Babatunde Seye , Stephens Colleen , Barfield Latisha , Galarza Marta Grisel G. , Alharbi Majed M. , Reid Valrie , Etowa Egbe B. , Phillips J. Craig
Published: January 2021

Objective: Worldwide, 160,000 children were newly infected with HIV in 2018; half of these were infected through breastfeed­ing. Infant feeding guidelines are distinct depending on each country’s resources and national or sub-national guidelines. Because of divergent guidelines, the best infant feeding approach to prevent mother-to-child transmission can become unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the so­ciocultural and psychosocial factors related to adherence to infant feeding guidelines through a city-level, North-South com­parison of Black mothers living with HIV in Nigeria, Canada, and the United States.Design: Using a cross-sectional multi-country survey, a convenience sample of 690 mothers were recruited from June 2016 - December 2019. Socio-cultural and psychosocial factors influencing infant feed­ing practices were measured.Results: Using binary logistic regression, infant feeding attitudes (OR = 1.10), motherhood experiences (OR = 1.08), low hyper-vigilance score (OR = .935), paternal support (OR = 1.10) and percep­tion that the health care provider supported adherence to infant feeding guidelines (OR = 2.43) were associated with guideline ad­herence. Mothers who had cultural beliefs that were inconsistent with infant feeding guidelines and mothers with low incomes (OR = 2.62) were less likely adherent with their country’s guidelines.Conclusion: City-level factors were not found to influence adherence to infant feeding guidelines; however, socio-cultural and psychosocial factors at community, family and individual levels were significant. Policy formulation and targeted interven­tions must be cognizant of cultural expecta­tions of motherhood and mindful of psycho­social determinants of adherence to infant feeding guidelines.Ethn Dis. 2021;31(1):31- 40; doi:10.18865/ed.31.1.31
divulgação da filosofia nas revistas Philosophie Magazine e Filosofia Ciência & Vida
Authors: Nienkötter Sardá Daniela
Published: January 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados da comparação de discursos de revistas de divulgação da filosofia. Mais precisamente, o corpus analisado é composto pelo gênero “artigo de capa”, da revista francesa Philosophie Magazine e da revista brasileira Filosofia Ciência & Vida, publicados entre 2006 e 2016. A metodologia empregada nas análises é a análise de discursos comparativa, e as categorias conceituais mobilizadas são as formas de transmissão do discurso alheio e, em menor medida, os dêiticos. Os resultados apontam para uma presença, na comunidade francesa, de divulgadores (no caso, de jornalistas) especializados em filosofia, ao passo que, na comunidade brasileira, ainda não se constata uma tal especialização, sendo a filosofia divulgada predominantemente por acadêmicos da área de ciências humanas. Tal especialização, na França, se deve a fatores sócio-econômicos e culturais, os quais favorecem o interesse e as condições do grande público para a aquisição de revistas de divulgação da filosofia; algo que ainda não ocorre no Brasil, onde essas revistas estão vinculadas à esfera didática, sendo distribuídas nas escolas públicas brasileiras.
Correlation between the Bacteriostatic and Bactericide Effect with Antibiofilm and Anticolony Spreading from Javanese Citronella Oil on Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Authors: Hidayah Amaliyah Nurul , Wasito Eddy Bagus , Debora Kartuti , Basori Achmad , Isnaeni Isnaeni , Utomo Budi
Published: January 2021

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a pathogenic bacterium that has been resistant to various types of antibiotics, so it is not easy to be treated with antibiotics and needs other solutions. Javanese citronella oil distilled from the Cymbopogon nardus plant is proven to function as an antibacterial agent (bacteriostatic and bactericidal), fungicide and repellent. This study aimed to prove that there is a positive correlation between bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects with antibiofilm and anticolony spreading from Javanese citronella oil on MRSA. The intended antibiofilm is a barrier to biofilm formation and eradication. Bacteriostatic and antibiofilm effects were tested using microtiter plates assay, bactericidal effect test with subculture into the media and anticolony spreading effect test with spot inoculation in Tryptic Soy Broth media supplemented with 0.24% agar. The bacteriostatic effect test data were analyzed using paired t-test, bactericidal effect using the Friedman test, antibiofilm effect test using Kruskall-Wallis and the results of all the tests correlated using Pearson and Spearman correlation. The statistical significance used was p<0.05. The results showed that Javanese citronella oil had a bacteriostatic concentration of 0.02% (v/v) and bactericidal concentration of 0.78% (v/v). The Pearson correlation test showed that there was a negative correlation between bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects on biofilm formation with r = -0.956 (p = 0.000), but the correlation was positive for biofilm eradication with r = 0.918 (p = 0.000) and anticolony spreading with r = 1.000 (p = 0.000).
Analysis of ANC Levels after Filgrastim Therapy in Acute Leukemia Children with Neutropenia
Authors: Widya Reta Anggraeni , Nugroho Susanto , Winarsih Sri , Yulistiani Yulistiani
Published: January 2021

Cytotoxic chemotherapy suppresses the hematopoietic system, and the most serious hematologic toxicity is neutropenia. This can decrease a risk of infection that causes delays in treatment and reduction of dose intensity, which reduces therapeutic outcome. Filgrastim is used to increase neutrophils level whose therapeutic effect is unknown. The effectiveness of filgrastim is based on the ANC level pre- and post-therapy. This study aimed to analyze the use of filgrastim on ANC level changes in acute leukemia children with neutropenia, and to analyze the patient that achieve ANC level’s targeted therapy = 1000 cell/mm3. A prospective observational study with a longitudinal design was conducted from June to October 2016. The inclusion criteria of the study were patients who diagnosed acute leukemia with neutropenia and received filgrastim 10 µg/kgBW for 3, 4, 5 days. Patients’ ANC levels were measured before and after filgrastim therapy. This study has been approved its ethical clearance by Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang. Data were obtained on the basis of neutropenic episodes, followed by 7 episodes of obtaining filgrastim for 3 days, 1 episode of obtaining filgrastim for 4 days, and 7 episodes of obtaining filgrastim for 5 days. Thus, it consists of 15 episodes. In 3 days, ANC levels increased by 9.5 fold from 381.3 ± 91.8 cell/mm3 to 3984.9 ± 426.8 cell/mm3, but in 5 days, ANC levels decreased by 0.9 fold from 200.9 cell/mm3 ± 98.2 to 189.7 ± 14.2 cell/mm3. Filgrastim was able to increased the ANC levels around nine fold for 3 days of theraphy. There were 53% neutropenia patients who achieved the goal of therapy. Filgrastim therapy with dose 10 µg/kgBW for 3 to 5 days has been able to reach the therapeutic target of 53% in acute leukemia children with neutropenia. The increased levels of ANC maximum was reached on the third day with increased levels of 9.5 fold.
Emulgel Formulation of Purified Extract of Moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) Leaf
Authors: Wuryandari Tutik , Sugihartini Nining , Kintoko Kintoko
Published: January 2021

Moringa oleifera, known as moringa, is reported to have a high source of natural antioxidants, especially vitamin E. The formulation of purified Moringa leaf extract is needed so that the vitamin E content in it is more maximal. This study aimed to determine the levels of vitamin E in extracts after purification, physical property test of emulgel with variations in extract concentration and vitamin E levels in emulsions. The study was started from the extraction using maceration method with petroleum ether solvent, followed by extract purification using column chromatography with n-hexane solvent. The results of the purified extract were then formulated into emulgel with three concentrations of 3% (F1), 6% (F2) and 9% (F3). Emulgel was then evaluated for physical characteristics (pH, viscosity, adhesion, dispersion and stability). Determination of vitamin E levels was carried out on purified extract samples and on each formula. The results of non-specific standardization of extracts included ash content, acidic insoluble ash content were higher than those of Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia literature and drying losses were lower compared to literature. Specific standardization of extracts was the content of vitamin E in 1.40% PE extract and 8.02% purified extract. In the test of emulgel physical characteristics, an increase in the concentration of the extract caused an increase in viscosity and decreased emulgel dispersion power. Whereas, tthe pH and sticky power remained the same. Storage hds an effect on decreasing the physical characteristics of emulsions especially on adhesion. Increased extracts also caused an increase in the levels of vitamin E in the purified extract of moringa leaf emulgel.
Microbiological Assessment of Fresh Expressed Breast Milk on Room Temperature at Dr. Soetomo Hospital Neonatal Unit
Authors: Widjaja Nur Aisyah , Hardiyani Kartika , Hanindita Meta Herdiana , Irawan Roedi
Published: January 2021

Storing EBM at room temperature in several hours before consuming, frequently found in Indonesia. Based on Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine guidelines EBM can last for 6 to 8 hours in room temperature (25oC or 77oF). However, currently there hasn’t been study in tropical country especially Indonesia for the guidelines. This study aimed to assess microbiological quality of EBM on room temperature, including bacterial growth and major bacterial found on EBM for health care and society recommendations. An observational study of 30 expressed breast milk samples provided by 30 healthy women with term baby below 6 month old. The samples were kept sterile and laid at plates for 0 hours, 2 hours, 4 hours and 6 hours in room temperature (26°-32° C) and used drop plate technique on several culture media. Data was analyzed by Chi-square and paired sample T-test. Thirty of unheated fresh EBM from 30 lactating mothers were stored at room temperature, examined for the degree of bacterial contamination at 0 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, and 6 hours. All the EBM samples were contaminated at 2 hour. Bacterial species identified was Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS), Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus faecalis, range of growth 109 cfu/ml-63 x 109 cfu/mm3 after 6 hour of storage. The EBM exposed at room temperature (30-36 0C) for more than two hour reduce the quality and do not recommended to be given to the infants.
Disease Free Survival of Stage I Endometrial Cancer after Surgery with or without Adjuvant Treatment
Authors: Moradokkasem Woraluk , Saeaib Nungrutai , Liabsuetrakul Tippawan
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to define the disease free survival (DFS) and factors associated with recurrence in stage I endometrial cancer after surgery with and without adjuvant treatment. The demographic data, pathological results, adjuvant treatment (AT) and the outcome of patients with endometrial cancer stage I after surgery in Songklanagarind Hospital between January 2002 and July 2014 were collected. The DFS was analyzed by survival analysis and represented by Kaplan–Meier curves. The difference of DFS between AT and non-adjuvant treatment (NAT) groups was tested by the log-rank test. Distributions of risk factors by AT and recurrent status were analyzed using chi-square or Fisher exact tests for discrete factors, and unpaired t or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for continuous factors. The 5-year DFS was; 91.6%, from a total of 268 patients. DFS in the NAT group was significantly better than that in the AT group (95.2 versus 86.5%, p-value = 0.01). Factors associated with recurrence in the NAT group were age, tumor grading, tumor size, and presence of lymphovascular involvement. Among the AT group, age and ratio of myometrial invasion were associated with recurrence. DFS in NAT was better than in AT and the potential factors associated with recurrence, after surgery with or without AT, were not the same.
Assessment of the Rapid Immunochromatographic Test as a Diagnostic Tool for Norovirus Related Diarrhea in Children
Authors: Ranuh Reza Gunadi , Athiyyah Alpha Fardah , PA Deanty Ayu , Darma Andy , Raharjo Dadik , Shirakawa Toshiro , Sudarmo Subijanto Marto
Published: January 2021

In developing countries, Norovirus is the second-leading cause of acute diarrhea, after rotavirus. The approved gold standard method for diagnosis of norovirus infection is RT-PCR. The rapid immunochromatographic test is a novel and expedient method for diagnosing norovirus that is relatively affordable. However, the use of the rapid immunochromatographic test remains controversial because of its accuracy. This study aimed to explore whether the rapid immunochromatographic test could be used for diagnosing norovirus-related diarrhea in children. Rapid immunochromatographic test (QuickNaviTM-Norovirus2) and RT-PCR on stool samples was used to diagnose norovirus. Stool samples were obtained from pediatric patients aged between 1 and 60 months who had diarrhea and were admitted to the pediatric ward at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, between April 2013 and March 2014. Ninety-four subjects provided stool samples that were tested using QuickNaviTM-Noro2 and RT-PCR. Using the test, 64 samples tested positive for norovirus and 30 tested negatives. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of the rapid immunochromatographic test were consecutively 90.3%, 42.9%, 43.8%, 90%, and 58.5%. RT-PCR was used to test all samples to assess the accuracy, which showed that one from 31 samples contained the GI strain (1.1%), while 30 samples (32%) contained the GII strain. This study definitively establishes that the rapid immunochromatography test is not sufficiently accurate for use as a screening or diagnostic tool in norovirus-related diarrhea cases in children.
The Effect of Hypercholesterolemia on Cortical Bone Thickness of Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Sofka Auliya Dzaqiyatus , Lestari Pudji , Sari Gadis Meinar
Published: January 2021

There have been several studies reporting the effect of hypercholesterolemia on cortical thickness, but it remains a controversy. Some studies suggest that hypercholesterolemia can decrease osteoblast activity and increase osteoclast activity. Meanwhile other studies suggest that hypercholesterolemia is a protective factor of osteoporosis. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a study to determine the effect of hypercholesterolemia on cortical bone thickness. Method: This study used 8 rats (Rattus norvegicus) that were divided into 2 groups, including control group (K0) that was given standard diet and experimental group (K1) that was given high fat diet for 28 days and all were executed to obtain the femur bone. The cortical bone thickness was measured by using Optilab Viewer and Optilab Image Raster software. Result: The data analysis was conducted using independent t-test. A p value of <0.05 is considered significant. The results showed that hypercholesterolemia had significant effect on cortical bone thickness. The average cortical bone thickness in the control group was 146.92 µm whereas in the experimental group was 124.53 µm, the mean difference between the two groups was 22.39 µm. There was a 6% decrease of cortical bone thickness. In conclusion, hypercholesterolemia can decrease cortical bone thickness of wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).
Blowout Fracture Complex Type
Authors: Helmi Fauzi , Santoso Boedy Setya
Published: January 2021

Functional problems and appearance may emerge if careful therapy is not applied in orbital fracture caused by maxillofacial trauma. Recently, the focus of fracture management on fragment fixation most possibly uses anatomy approach. The management of blowout fracture should be overcome by involving several departments. First, identification was carried out in emergency room and then it is consulted to occuloplasty and maxillofacial trauma surgeon. Multidisciplinary management will provide better outcome to retrieve face structural function and improve the appearance. We reported two cases of blowout fracture complex in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, done by Plastic Reconstruction Division of ORL-HNS Department in collaboration with Plastic Reconstruction Division of Ophthalmology Department. In the first case, a 64-year-old female was consulted by Plastic Reconstruction Division of Ophthalmology Department with diagnosis of right orbital adnexal injury, open eye globe injury, scleral laceration, and blowout fracture. In the second case, a 37-year-old male came to Plastic Reconstruction Division of ORL HNS Department, consulted by Plastic Reconstruction of Ophthalmology Department with diagnosis of left cornea and scleral laceration,  left full thickness laceration palpebral at 1/3 nasal inferior, rupture of lacrimal canal, and  blowout fracture. These cases of blowout fracture with rim orbita fracture complex type were managed well by Plastic Reconstruction Division of ORL-HNS and Plastic Reconstruction Division of Ophthalmology Department. It is apparent that multidisciplinary management was required for optimum outcome.
The Genotype of Human Papilloma Virus of Male Patient with Anogenital Warts
Authors: Murtiastutik Dwi , Mastutik Gondo , Rahniayu Alphania , Arista Afria , Setyaningrum Trisniartami
Published: January 2021

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. HPV high risk (HPVHR) were HPV16,18 related with invasive penile carcinomas, and HPV low risk (HPVLR) were HPV6,11 related to anogenital warts. Male infection is usually asymptomatic that it would be explain increasing the incidence of HPV associated cancers. Identification HPV genotype is very important for predicting the development of the diseases, to be benign or malignant cancer. The objective of this study was to identify the genotype of HPV that infect men with anogential warts. This research used 12 biopsy specimens from men patient with anogenital warts at Outpatient clinic of Department Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital period 2016-2017. The specimens were diagnozed by pathologist and HPV gentoyping was done to detect 40 HPV genotype including HPVHR and HPVLR. The result showed that 58% (7/12) were positive for HPVLR and 42% (5/12) were positive for HPV LR/HR. The genotype HPV that infected men patient with anogenital warts is HPVLR (HPV6,11) and HPVHR (HPV18,51,52,82) with single infection of HPVLR or mutiple infection HPVLR/LR or HPVLR/HR. The infection of HPVHR would be develops to be malignant transformation. It suggested that HPV genotype needs to be checked the for the anogenital warts cases for predicting the development of the diseases.
Effects of Golden Sea Cucumber Extract (Stichopus Hermanii) on Fasting Blood Glucose, Plasma Insulin, and MDA Level of Male Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) Induced with Streptozotocin
Authors: Prawitasari Dita Sukmaya , Safitri Indri , Notopuro Harianto
Published: January 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of disease that its incidence increases every year worldwide. The condition of DM can cause various complications caused by oxidative stress. Stichopus hermanii (SH) or golden sea cucumber extract contains antioxidant compounds that have been proven to reduce oxidative stress conditions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Stichopus hermanii extract on condition of diabetes mellitus by looking at changes in fasting blood glucose, plasma insulin, and malondialdehyde levels in animal models of Wistar rats. This study was a laboratory experimental study using Randomized Control Trial Design with Post-test only control group design. Thirty-five male Wistar rats divided into five groups, i.e normal control group, positive control, negative control and two treatment groups with SH extract dose 8.5 and 17 mg / kgBW for 14 days once daily after induction of Streptozotocin at the Biochemistry Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University. Fasting blood glucose level was measured by a glucometer, plasma insulin measured by ELISA and MDA level was measured by a spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed statistically by using One Way ANOVA test and Kruskal Wallis. There were significant results of SH extract can reduce fasting blood glucose (Kruskal Wallis, p=0.030) and MDA (Kruskal Wallis, p=0.042) but not in plasma insulin (ANOVA, p=0.130). The lowest MDA level occurs in the K4 group that given SH extract dose 17 mg/kg BW than another experimental group. As the conclusion, this study showed SH extract can decrease fasting blood glucose and oxidative stress in diabetic-induced rats.
The Effect of Methylmercury Exposure on Astrocyte of Cerebellar Cortex of White Rats (Rattus novergicus)
Authors: Sugianto Paulus , Pardede Sabrina Melisa , Widjaja Ngakan Made Rai , Widjiati Widjiati
Published: January 2021

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of different dose methylmercury (II) chloride on astrocyte in cerebellar cortex of white rat (Rattus norvegicus) exposed. This study used randomized control design using 15 adult female Wistar rats weight 180-200 g of body weight. Before treatment the white rats was adapted in a week, then randomly divided into 3 groups each consist of 5 rats. P0 as control were given 0.5 ml aquades, P1 and P2 were given 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg/day respectively. All groups were given treatment per oral in 30 days with sonde. The data was analyzed by ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range (Duncan's Multiple Range Test). White rats exposed by methylmercury (II) chloride, had a significant differences in the percentage of necrotic astrocyte (p<0.05). Methylmercury chloride exposure increases the number of necrotic astrocytes on white rat.
A Headset in the Bladder
Authors: Soetojo Soetojo , Madani Hasan
Published: January 2021

Foreign objects may be present in the bladder due to deliberate insertion or displacement of the surrounding organs. There have been multiple cases of sharp objects such as nails, hair pins, and screws, as well as large objects such as AAA batteries, toothbrushes, and ballpoint pens found in the urethra and the bladder, which must have been aimed to induce sexual satisfaction associated with mental and psychic disorders. The diagnosis was established by means of  radiological examinations, ie thoracic x-ray, KUB, and urethrography. This article reported a 32-year-old man with headset inserted to penile until bladder and could not be pulled out again. The patient complained pain and bleeding out of the urinary tract. We performed vesicotomy and pulling the out headset from bladder. The operation was succesful. In conclusion, the case of a headset in the bladder has been treated successfully with vesicotomy.