bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconstructed influenza A/H3N2 infection histories reveal variation in incidence and antibody dynamics over the life course
Authors: Hay James A. , Zhu Huachen , Jiang Chao Qiang , Kwok Kin On , Shen Ruiyin , Kucharski Adam , Yang Bingyi , Read Jonathan M. , Lessler Justin , Cummings Derek A. T. , Riley Steven
Published: November 2024

Humans experience many influenza infections over their lives, resulting in complex and varied immunological histories. Although experimental and quantitative analyses have improved our understanding of the immunological processes defining an individual’s antibody repertoire, how these within-host processes are linked to population-level influenza epidemiology in humans remains unclear. Here, we used a multilevel mathematical model to jointly infer antibody dynamics and individual-level lifetime influenza A/H3N2 infection histories for 1,130 individuals in Guangzhou, China, using 67,683 haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay measurements against 20 A/H3N2 strains from repeat serum samples collected between 2009 and 2015. These estimated infection histories allowed us to reconstruct historical seasonal influenza patterns in humans and to investigate how influenza incidence varies over time, space, and age in this population. We estimated median annual influenza infection rates to be approximately 19% from 1968 to 2015, but with substantial variation between years; 88% of individuals were estimated to have been infected at least once during the study period (2009 to 2015), and 20% were estimated to have 3 or more infections in that time. We inferred decreasing infection rates with increasing age, and found that annual attack rates were highly correlated across all locations, regardless of their distance, suggesting that age has a stronger impact than fine-scale spatial effects in determining an individual’s antibody profile. Finally, we reconstructed each individual’s expected antibody profile over their lifetime and inferred an age-stratified relationship between probability of infection and HI titre. Our analyses show how multi-strain serological panels provide rich information on long-term epidemiological trends, within-host processes, and immunity when analysed using appropriate inference methods, and adds to our understanding of the life course epidemiology of influenza A/H3N2.
Contribution of p53-dependent and -independent mechanisms to upregulation of p21 in Fanconi anemia
Authors: Renaudin Xavier , Al Ahmad Nachar Baraah , Mancini Benedetta , Gueiderikh Anna , Louis-Joseph Noémie , Maczkowiak-Chartois Frédérique , Rosselli Filippo
Published: November 2024

Abnormal expression of the cell cycle inhibitor and p53 target CDKN1A/p21 has been associated with paradoxical outcomes, such as hyperproliferation in p53-deficient cancer cells or hypoproliferation that affects hematopoietic stem cell behavior, leading to bone marrow failure (BMF). Notably, p21 is known to be overexpressed in Fanconi anemia (FA), which is a rare syndrome that predisposes patients to BMF and cancer. However, why p21 is overexpressed in FA and how it contributes to the FA phenotype(s) are still poorly understood. Here, we revealed that while the upregulation of p21 is largely dependent on p53, it also depends on the transcription factor microphthalmia (MITF) as well as on its interaction with the nucleolar protein NPM1. Upregulation of p21 expression in FA cells leads to p21 accumulation in the chromatin fraction, p21 immunoprecipitation with PCNA, S-phase lengthening and genetic instability. p21 depletion in FA cells rescues the S-phase abnormalities and reduces their genetic instability. In addition, we observed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, another key feature of FA cells, is required to trigger an increase in PCNA/chromatin-associated p21 and to impact replication progression. Therefore, we propose a mechanism by which p21 and ROS cooperate to induce replication abnormalities that fuel genetic instability.
Air pollution and defensive behavior: Evidence from transaction data in China
Authors: Yang Qingqing , Dong Xinping
Published: November 2024

This study presents empirical research about the defensive behavior of air pollution, that is, health insurance purchases. Using transaction-level data from a large insurance company, covering more than half a million insurance contracts from nineteen cities in China from 2014 to 2018, we empirically imply that an increase of 10% in AQI leads to a 0.37% uptick in the number of daily sales of health insurance contracts by the company within the city. The effect is non-linear and is more pronounced when the AQI exceeds 200. Besides, the defensive cost for a one-unit increase in AQI accounts for around 1.70% of individual income annually. We demonstrate that the positive impact of air pollution on health insurance purchases is primarily driven by health management awareness and social interaction.
Exploring prevalent injuries among tennis players and optimal rehabilitation approaches: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Rodríguez-González Eva María , Amor-Salamanca María Soledad , Rosselló Domingo , de Lluc-Bauza María , Hermosilla-Perona Francisco , Martín-Castellanos Adrián , Herrera-Peco Ivan
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Tennis is a globally popular sport known for its numerous health benefits. However, it also underscores the physical demands and potential injuries associated with high-performance play. This review emphasizes the role of kinetic chains in executing powerful movements and discusses common injuries, particularly in the upper limbs due to the sport’s overhead nature. It highlights the importance of effective rehabilitation methods for swift recovery and long-term performance enhancement in high-performance tennis players.

Aims

The review aims to investigate the relationship between age, sex, and injury prevalence among high-performance tennis players to inform injury prevention strategies.

Methodology

This review protocol will provide a description on effective rehabilitation methods to tennis players, aiding coaches, physiotherapists and physicians. Methodologically, this systematic review will develop following the PRISMA guidelines, focusing on articles published between 2011 and 2024, with eligibility criteria specified. Data collection involved screening titles and abstracts, removing duplicates, and assessing full texts for eligibility. Data extraction will include information on authors, publication year, evidence level, participant demographics, injuries, treatments, etc. The GRADE framework will be used for evidence quality assessment, and NIH criteria were applied for study quality assessment.

Trial registration

Prospero registration number: CRD42023453182.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between subjective interoception and alexithymia: Implications for construct definitions and measurement
Authors: Van Bael Kristen , Scarfo Jessica , Suleyman Emra , Katherveloo Jessica , Grimble Natasha , Ball Michelle
Published: November 2024

Although research indicates that self-reported interoception is associated with deficits in identifying and describing emotional experience, and externally oriented thinking styles (alexithymia), this relationship appears moderated by how interoception is measured. A systematic review and meta-analyses examined the association between self-reported interoception and alexithymia, investigating how different interoceptive questionnaires relate to alexithymia at global and facet levels. PsychINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched with predefined terms related to self-reported interoception and alexithymia. Three reviewers independently assessed articles, extracted data, and undertook risk of bias assessment. Thirty-two cross-sectional studies published between 1996 and 2023 were included. Random-effects meta-analyses and narrative synthesis indicated that global alexithymia was positively associated with measures of interoceptive confusion, autonomic nervous system reactivity, and heightened interoceptive attention, and inversely associated with interoceptive accuracy and adaptive interoception, indexed by composite Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness scores, but particularly interoceptive trusting, self-regulation, and attention regulation. These patterns were observed for alexithymic facets and stronger in magnitude for difficulty identifying feelings and difficulty describing feelings, relative to externally oriented thinking. Overall, results suggested that the association between self-reported interoception and alexithymia differs as a function of the interoceptive self-report. The review highlighted issues with construct definition and operationalisation and determined that existing interoceptive self-reports broadly capture maladaptive and adaptive sensing, attention, interpretation, and memory. The findings underscore the importance of specifying interoceptive constructs and using appropriate assessments to improve convergence between constructs and measurements, further suggesting potential clinical utility in using existing self-reports to measure interoception and alexithymia, facilitating interventions targeting mind-body connections.
Impact of early work start on mental health outcomes in older adults: A cross-sectional study from Ecuador
Authors: Domínguez Romina , Faytong-Haro Marco
Published: November 2024

Objective

This study assesses the impact of the age at which individuals first begin working on the odds of developing mental health disorders among older adults in Ecuador.

Methods

Data from the 2009 Survey of Health, Well-being, and Aging (SABE) encompassing 3093 elderly participants from mainland Ecuador were analyzed. We employed binary logistic regression to explore the association between the age at which individuals started working and their subsequent mental health status.

Results

Participants who started working between ages 5–12 and 26–35 had lower odds of mental health disorders compared to those who began at ages 18–25, while those who started working between ages 13–17 and 36–80 exhibited higher odds compared to the same baseline group. These associations are net of various demographic and health-related factors.

Conclusion

The results indicate mixed associations between the age at which individuals started working and their mental health outcomes in older age. While some age groups demonstrate lower odds of mental health disorders, others do not, suggesting a complex relationship that warrants further investigation.

Implications

This research supports the development of healthcare policies aimed at providing mental health education and services tailored to populations affected by early labor, to mitigate the enduring impacts of child labor on mental health in older age.
Access and use of sexual and reproductive health services among asylum-seeking and refugee women in high-income countries: A scoping review
Authors: Stirling-Cameron Emma , Almukhaini Salma , Dol Justine , DuPlessis Benjamin J. , Stone Kathryn , Aston Megan , Goldenberg Shira M.
Published: November 2024

Background

Refugee and asylum-seeking women are known to experience a myriad of intersecting sociocultural, institutional, and systemic barriers when accessing healthcare services after resettlement in high-income countries. Barriers can negatively affect service uptake and engagement, contributing to health inequities and forgone care. Access to sexual and reproductive healthcare (e.g., family planning, cervical cancer prevention) has largely been understudied. This scoping review sought to: i) examine the use of sexual and reproductive health services among refugee and asylum-seeking women in high-income countries; and ii) identify barriers and facilitators influencing access to sexual and reproductive healthcare for refugee and asylum-seeking women in high-income countries.

Methods

This review was conducted in accordance with Joanna Briggs Institute Methodology for Scoping Reviews. Ten databases (e.g., CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase) were searched for qualitative, quantitative, mixed method studies, and gray literature published anytime before February 2024 across high-income countries (defined by the World Bank). The Health Behaviour Model was used to examine and understand factors influencing service use and access.

Results

3,997 titles and abstracts were screened, with 66 empirical studies included. Most were conducted in the United States (44%), Australia (25%), Europe (18%) and elsewhere and were qualitative (68%). Papers largely addressed contraception, abortion, cervical cancer screening, gender-based violence, and sexual health education. Included studies indicated that refugee and asylum-seeking women in high-income countries face a greater unmet need for contraception, higher use of abortion care, and lower engagement with cervical cancer screening, all when compared to women born in the resettlement country. Frequently reported barriers included differences in health literacy, shame and stigma around sexual health, language and communication challenges, racial or xenophobic interactions with healthcare providers, and healthcare/medication costs.

Conclusions

Studies across the globe identified consistent empirical evidence demonstrating health inequities facing refugee and asylum-seeking and myriad intersecting barriers contributing to underuse of essential sexual and reproductive health services. Facilitators included multilingual healthcare provider, use of interpreters and interpretation services, community health promotion work shops, and financial aid/Medicare.
Effectiveness of virtual reality-based rehabilitation on the upper extremity motor function of stroke patients: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Jiali , Yang Jie , Xu Qiuzhu , Xiao Yan , Zuo Liang , Cai Enli
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Upper extremity deficits (UED) is a common and impactful complication among stroke survivors. Virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation holds potential for enhancing rehabilitation intensity and engagement by stimulating tasks. While several clinical studies have examined the effectiveness and safety of VR-based rehabilitation, there is a need for further research to improve consistency in outcomes.

Materials and methods

The study will incorporate randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning the effects of VR-based rehabilitation on upper extremity (UE) function in stroke survivors. A comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, Cinahl, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan-fang, and Chinese Biology Medicine Database will be performed from inception to the start of the study. Primary outcomes will focus on upper limb motor function assessments such as the Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity (FMUE), Box and Block Test (BBT), Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), and Action Research Arm Test (ARAT). Secondary outcomes related to activities of daily living will include the Barthel Index (BI) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Research selection, data extraction, and quality assessment will be independently conducted by two researchers. The recently revised Cochrane risk of bias tool will be employed to evaluate study quality. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses will be utilized to identify effective therapy delivery modes and patterns. The assessment, development, and evaluation of recommendations approach will be applied to achieve a robust conclusion.

Discussion

This study provides a rigorous synthesis to evaluate optimal parameters—specifically intensity and duration—for VR-based rehabilitation interventions aimed at enhancing UE function in stroke survivors. Our secondary objective is to assess the impact of these parameters on rehabilitation outcomes. We anticipate an accurate, transparent, and standardized review process that will yield evidence-based recommendations for integrating VR technology into treating upper extremity dysfunction in stroke patients, offering clinicians effective strategies to enhance upper limb function.
Determining the influential factors of postnatal care in Bangladesh using multilevel logistic regression
Authors: Sumon Imran Hossain , Ar Salan Md. Sifat , Kabir Mohammad Alamgir , Majumder Ajit Kumar , Hossain Md. Moyazzem
Published: November 2024

Background

Postnatal care (PNC) is the care of a newborn and mother for up to six weeks from one hour of placenta birth. The postnatal period is one of the most hazardous stages for mothers and their baby’s health. The PNC is influenced by several maternal, family, biological, and socio-economic factors and it is necessary to identify the most significant factors of PNC. Therefore, the authors focus on determining the significant determinants of postnatal care in Bangladesh.

Methods and materials

This study is based on a secondary dataset extracted from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS)-2017/18. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and multilevel logistic regression have been used to determine the contributing factors of PNC.

Results

The rate of postnatal care was highest in Sylhet (73.7%) and lowest in Dhaka (57.1%). Female babies had 10.1% less odds of having postnatal care than male babies. Findings depict that the children with 1–3 siblings have 1. 82 times more odds (odds ratio (OR):1.82, 95% confidence interval (CI):0.03–3.21) of PNC than babies without any siblings. Children who suffered from fever recently had 1.25 times (OR = 1.25, 95% CI:1.09–1.45) more odds of taking PNC than their counterparts. Children of working mothers had 1.33 times (OR:1.33, 95% CI:1.14–1.56) more odds of having PNC than children of non-working mothers.

Conclusion

The sex of a child, birth order number, place of residence, region, receiving Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, number of antenatal care visits, having fever recently, number of household members, media exposure, and household facilities are significantly linked with PNC in Bangladesh. To ensure the good health of a child, it is necessary to focus on the targeted groups and put emphasis on the identified variables. The authors believe that the findings will be helpful to the policymakers of Bangladesh to lessen childhood morbidities which will be helpful in achieving the target of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for reducing preventable maternal and under-five deaths by 2030.
Mapping collaborative art practices with youth collectives
Authors: Silva Carolina
Published: November 2024

Duchamp & Sons are the Whitechapel Gallery youth collective, a group of young people aged 15–24 that meet regularly to develop collaborative art projects. I worked with them as a participant researcher in the six-month project De/construct (2013–14), co-developed with architect Nick Wood (United Kingdom) and artist Steven Morgana (United Kingdom). In this visual essay, I present my diagrammatic drawings of their encounters, including research, discussion, experimentation and decision-making moments. The latter create visual cartographies of the youth collective’s encounters and speak to their performativity. I use a selection of Duchamp & Sons tweets, which are posted by a different member of the group in each session, to create a timeline of the project. My reflections on collaborative art projects and the pedagogies that come together in these practices draw on notions of experimentation and proto-performance, emphasizing the processes rather than the outcome, in this case, an exhibition presented at the Gallery.
The creative act in the studio: A plea for rethinking potentiality in art education
Authors: Lewis Tyson E.
Published: November 2024

This article outlines three dominant ways in which the concept of potentiality is discussed in art educational literature, and in particular the connections between actualizing potentialities and creation. It then pivots to the works of Giorgio Agamben in order to problematize some of the basic ontological assumptions embedded within the three dominant views of the potentiality–actuality–creativity relationship. Agamben focuses his analysis on the (im)potential remnant of potentiality that remains within any given actualization and highlights the role of such (im)potentiality in creative acts. To illustrate this role, the article offers four ways that (im)potentiality exhibits itself in various art forms before concluding with implications for imagining the artist’s studio as a space and time for (im)potential acts of creation.
Teachers’ data-based storytelling in a STEAM professional development programme
Authors: Bertling Joy G. , Galbraith Amanda
Published: November 2024

Increasingly, contemporary artists have turned to data as a source of inspiration, artistic medium and site for enquiry, experimentation and discourse in ways that have blurred, complicated and transcended disciplinary boundaries. Research suggests that when arts-based data visualization is integrated into K-12 curricula, these approaches can support students’ art learning and creative data literacies. Despite the burgeoning interest in literature surrounding the benefits of data visualization for K-12 students, less attention has been directed towards the ways in which teachers can be supported in designing and implementing data-visualization integrated curricula. This visual essay explores a science, technology, engineering, art and mathematics (STEAM), arts-based data visualization professional development programme that was centred on socially and ecologically engaged storytelling in the Appalachian region of the United States. Throughout this programme, teachers told stories of relevance to themselves and their communities – a fundamental undertaking for teachers interested in empowering their students as data storytellers.
Creative Place-Based Education: Thinking, creating and inhabiting a commonplace with children
Authors: Pérez Estella Freire , Blanco Vicente , Cidrás Salvador
Published: November 2024

In this article, we advocate for the incorporation of a novel pedagogical approach in educational practice to mitigate the effects of standardized and decontextualized neo-liberal curricula. Conscious knowledge of our physical surroundings ensures a collective sense of belonging, transfers learning through so-called imaginaries of proximity and promotes an arts education sensitive to daily life. This Creative Place-Based Education research incorporates place-based education studies with a creative approach inspired by the design of workshops for children. As artists and teachers in a teacher training faculty, our research primarily focuses on designing workshops and pedagogical materials, which emphasize the importance of incorporating ideas, methods, techniques and processes from the arts as fundamental tools for exploring, analysing and questioning our immediate reality. We exemplify this approach by analysing the proposal Inhabiting a Common Place, which was designed and carried out with different groups in primary and preschool education in L’Alcora, Valencian Community, Spain.
Using visual journaling in preservice teacher education and arts-based research: Discovering connections and building practice
Authors: Kulinski Alexa R.
Published: November 2024

In this article, I revisit and re-analyse the visual journals that two graduate preservice art teachers and I created during my arts-based dissertation study. Through this re-search study, I sought to better understand the connections between how I used my visual journal to enhance my arts-based research process and how my preservice art teachers used their visual journals to enhance their development as future art teachers. Re-analysis of these visual journals revealed a set of three common, productive visual journaling strategies: (1) noticing and documenting, (2) mapping and (3) discovering a personally relevant practice. Collectively, these strategies demonstrate how visual journaling can support dialogue, creative inquiry and knowledge generation in art education research and art teacher preparation courses.
Trends and Challenges in Multicultural Media Education Research
Authors: Song Miri , Park Sunun
Published: November 2024

This study aims to identify trends in multicultural media education research and suggest directions for education in a multicultural and media-focused society. To achieve this goal, 53 research articles with the keywords "multiculturalism," "race," "ethnicity," "migration," "migration background," "foreigners," and "media education" from 2006 to 2024 were analyzed, focusing on the types of research, research subjects, research content, types of media, and types of media education. The main findings are as follows. First, research on multicultural media education was first published in 2008 and has been published relatively steadily. Second, most studies focused on “immigrant group” or “immigrant and native population group”. Many of the studies were conducted with adults, and a significant number of studies did not specify age groups. Third, many studies on media education for immigrants covered content that was unrelated to multicultural phenomena, while most studies on multicultural media literacy education often dealt with multicultural phenomena. Fourth, although recent studies have used a variety of media, a number of studies did not specify the type of media. Based on these findings, this study suggests utilizing various research methods, expanding the subjects of multicultural media education, reviewing the content of education, and conducting research that considers the types of media. It also asserts that multicultural media education research should be expanded both in quantity and quality.
Lake sediments as microplastic sink: The case of three lakes from Northern and Central Poland
Authors: Fojutowski Michał
Published: November 2024

Microplastic (MP) concentrations were determined in surface samples of bottom sediments collected from three lakes in northern and central Poland, located in catchments with low direct anthropopressure. Between 4 MP and 21 MP particles per kilogram of wet sediment were identified in the lakes studied. These values are small compared to those found in lakes located in urbanised areas and other aquatic environments, but important from the point of view of the threat to local freshwater ecosystems. The differences in the number of MP particles in the three examined lakes are a result of the way their nearest environments are used. Lake Czechowskie, the richest in MP particles found, is partially surrounded by pastures and arable lands, while some of the areas lying by are also seasonally used for recreation. In contrast, Lakes Głęboczek and Gościąż, both completely surrounded by forests, show significantly less MP pollution. The sources of MP in these lakes are primarily attributed to atmospheric transport. A correlation was made between the deepest detected MP particles (ranging from 25 cm to 60 cm) and the rate of sedimentation in the lakes, calculated based on the average annual deposition in sediment traps. Based on this, the attempt was made to determine the exact year of the deepest identified MP particles. The results obtained for each lake – the year 1901 for Lake Czechowskie, 1963 for Lake Głęboczek and 1986 for Lake Gościąż – were interpreted in terms of the sources of MP origin.
Applying chorems in the cartographic presentation of barriers to socio-economic development in Poland
Authors: Bielecka Elżbieta , Markowska Anna , Dukaczewski Dariusz
Published: November 2024

This paper presents the theoretical axioms of chorems based on cartographic semiotics. Employing geometric and functional elements and the cartographic state-of-the-art, a regional, national chorem has been created. This chorem portrays the barriers to Polish regional development. It depicts the main development centres, industrial areas and zones of constraint created by the country’s external borders, borders of the European Union (EU) and major rivers. The paper also defines chorematic affordance as the dynamic and processual feedback between the domain expert and the geographical or socio-economic processes. The elaborate chorematic diagram contributes not only to cartographers and geographers but also to public administration dealing with sustainable development, as it is intricately tied to regional development, emphasising the crucial importance of effective land management, equitable land distribution and sustainable development.
Contemporary dynamics of glacial lakes: comparison between selected systems developing in northern, central and southern regions in Spitsbergen
Authors: Wieczorek Iwo
Published: November 2024

The study investigates glacial lakes in Svalbard, examining examples from the forelands of Gåsbreen, Crammerbreen, Knivseggbreen, Neppebreen and Ragnarbreen, each representing different classifications of glacial lakes, including ice-dammed, frontal moraine-dammed and medial moraine-dammed. These lakes serve as key indicators of ongoing climate change and the effects of deglaciation processes in polar landscapes. Quantitative analyses reveal notable differences among the selected glacial lakes. For instance, Goësvatnet experienced cyclical glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs), with a recorded volume of 666,389 m3 during one event. Conversely, the lake on the Ragnarbreen foreland, while stable, has not encountered any GLOFs, indicating a distinct response to deglaciation compared with other examples. Hydrographic and surface analyses, conducted using digital elevation models (DEMs) and remote sensing data, provide insights into the morphological characteristics and dynamics of the glacial lakes and surrounding landscapes. Longitudinal profiles of glaciers show varied terrains, with Ragnarbreen exhibiting the least variability due to its source zone on the ice cap, while Crammerbreen presents diverse features, including tectonic faults resulting in icefalls with slopes >35°. By including multiple glacial lakes across different locations and classifications, this study offers a comprehensive understanding of the diverse responses of glacial lakes to deglaciation processes in Svalbard, shedding light on the complex interactions between glaciers, lakes and changing environmental conditions in the Arctic region.
Crowdsourcing für Kulturerbedaten
Authors: Eichenberger Nicole , Kuhn Roman , Pick Katharina
Published: November 2024

Das Stabi Lab ist ein Mitmach-Raum, der Nutzenden die Möglichkeit bietet, in partizipativen Veranstaltungen produktiv mit Daten umzugehen und selbst neue Forschungsdaten zu generieren. Die Ergebnisse dieser Transkriptions- und Annotationsprojekte zu historischen Dokumenten aus dem Bestand der Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin werden unter freien Lizenzen zur Nachnutzung in der Forschung publiziert. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt vier Pilotprojekte vor – von der Seminarkooperation bis hin zur Citizen Science-Werkstatt – und diskutiert die Vor- und Nachteile ihrer jeweiligen technischen wie organisatorischen Umsetzung.
Der NFDI4Memory Data Space als digitales Ökosystem für die historisch arbeitenden Wissenschaften, Gedächtnisinstitutionen und Informationsinfrastrukturen
Authors: Holste Timo , Razum Matthias
Published: November 2024

Die digitale Transformation hat auch die Geschichtswissenschaft erfasst. Das quantitative und qualitative Angebot der zur Auswertung zur Verfügung stehenden digitalen und digitalisierten historischen Quellen wächst stetig. Damit einhergehend ändern sich auch die Arbeitsweisen und Methoden der historisch arbeitenden Wissenschaften fundamental. Über Forschungsinfrastrukturen, die Daten und Methoden vereinen, rücken Gedächtniseinrichtungen und Forschung enger zusammen. Im Rahmen der Nationalen Forschungsdateninfrastruktur (NFDI) haben sich Hochschulen, außeruniversitäre Forschungseinrichtungen und Einrichtungen der Informationsinfrastruktur deshalb im Konsortium NFDI4Memory zusammengeschlossen, um gemeinsam Konzepte und Lösungen für das Forschungsdatenmanagement in den historisch orientierten Geisteswissenschaften zu entwickeln. An der Schnittstelle von Forschung und Infrastruktur bauen FIZ Karlsruhe und das Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg in der Task Area „Data Services“ ein interoperables Netzwerk von Diensten und Datenbeständen auf: den 4Memory Data Space. Er bildet den Kern des anvisierten Diensteportfolios von NFDI4Memory. Gleichzeitig stellt der Data Space die Verbindung zu weiteren geplanten Diensten wie das „Data Lab“ und den „Virtual Indexing Layer“ bereit und bildet so den Kern eines digitalen Ökosystems für die historisch orientierten Geisteswissenschaften.
Longitudinal Impacts of Medicaid Expansion and Social Determinants of Health on PrEP Prevalence and PrEP-to-Need Ratio (PNR)
Authors: Miller Sarah J. , Yang Xueying , Qiao Shan
Published: November 2024

Despite its efficacy, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV has a low uptake, with many disparities remaining. This study aimed to assess the impact of Medicaid expansion and social determinants of health (SDOH) on PrEP prevalence and PrEP-to-need ratio (PnR) using county-level data from 2012 to 2022. Differences-in-differences regressions indicated that Medicaid expansion is associated with increased PnR but not PrEP prevalence. Linear regressions were conducted to evaluate the impact of county-level SDOH on PrEP outcomes. Rurality was associated with lower PnR and PrEP prevalence. Racial disparities were present, with areas with greater concentrations of non-Hispanic Black populations having lower PrEP prevalence and PnR. Greater concentrations of Hispanic populations were associated with lower PnR. Income inequality, socioeconomic status vulnerability, and primary care physician concentration were all associated with higher PnR. Medicaid expansion supports increasing PrEP use in the areas of greatest need. Efforts should be made to improve PrEP access, particularly in areas with high SDOH vulnerabilities.
Assessing the Importance of Theory-Based Correlates of Future HIV Vaccine Intentions Among Black Men Who Have Sex With Men
Authors: Zimmerman Rick S. , Wonderly Krista , Abdul-Kadr Halimatu , DiClemente Ralph J. , Turner Monique Mitchell , Xu Mia , Rosenberger Joshua G.
Published: November 2024

In the United States, Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) represent the most vulnerable population for HIV infection. A potential vaccine could ultimately be the most effective HIV prevention strategy. Understanding the factors that may adversely affect HIV vaccine acceptance among BMSM is critical. We conducted two online surveys with BMSM; one recruited 432 respondents, and another recruited 204. Respondents completed a demographic assessment and questions derived from health behavior change theories and the relevant empirical literature. The two surveys yielded similar results. The findings indicate that vaccine uptake self-efficacy, perceived likelihood of important others receiving the vaccine, and susceptibility to HIV were related to intentions to receive a future HIV vaccine. Other potentially important variables include perceived HIV stigma, response efficacy, how much one conceals one's sexual orientation, and perceived HIV discrimination. Future research and health communication campaigns should consider these factors in potential HIV vaccine programs.
Transgender Latinas’ Perspectives on HIV PrEP Uptake, Condom Use, and Medically Supervised Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy: Insights From ChiCAS Qualitative Interviews
Authors: Smart Benjamin D. , Alonzo Jorge , Mann-Jackson Lilli , Aviles Lucero Refugio , Tanner Amanda E. , Galindo Carla A. , Bessler Patricia A. , Courtenay-Quirk Cari , Garcia Manuel , Aguilar-Palma Sandy K. , Reboussin Beth A. , Rhodes Scott D.
Published: November 2024

There is a dearth of HIV prevention behavioral interventions for transgender Latinas, despite this population's HIV risk. ChiCAS (Chicas Creando Acceso a la Salud) is an intervention to increase PrEP, condom, and gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) use among transgender Latinas. To inform future work, semistructured interviews were conducted postintervention with 28 ChiCAS participants. Thematic analysis with inductive coding was used. Six themes emerged: (1) health-related priorities include sexual health and avoiding discrimination; (2) safe and collaborative community is of high importance; (3) interactive education with time for sharing stories and discussion was valued; (4) PrEP uptake was facilitated through awareness and health care navigation; (5) accessing GAHT depends on cost, clinic location, and individual goals; (6) ChiCAS could be improved with more PrEP/GAHT details and social connection. Interventions with goals similar to those of ChiCAS should prioritize building community, PrEP and GAHT education tailored to participants’ needs, and emphasize health care options available locally.
Agreement on the payment of membership fees in public associations: civil law aspect
Authors: Paruta Yuliia
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the legal nature of the agreement on the payment of membership fees in public associations. It is emphasized that the legal structure of the agreement on the payment of membership fees in a public association has the right to exist, because the relevant agreements are already concluded in practice.The article analyzes the doctrinal positions of scientists regarding the determination of the legal nature of the contract. Researchers of this issue refer to the agreement on the payment of membership contracts in a public association as an accession agreement. Such a conclusion was made based on the considerations that a person intending to become a member of an association agrees to the proposed conditions in general and does not determine the terms of the corresponding contract. Based on the criterion of the rights and freedoms of the parties, the author supports the position of the mutual nature of the contract under study. The two-sidedness of the contract is due to the existence of rights and obligations of the member of the public association and the public association itself. Therefore, in relation to a member of a public association, this is: the obligation to pay a membership fee and the right to participate in the association, and in relation to a public association, this is: the obligation to accept a certain person as a member of the association and the right to demand the payment of the corresponding contributions .The subject of scientific study in the article is also civil liability for non-payment of membership fees. It is emphasized that when determining the degree of civil liability for non-payment of membership fees, it is necessary to refer to the general principles of its determination in accordance with the provisions of the The Civil Code of Ukraine. The author made a reservation about the possibility of collecting contributions in a compulsory manner only in the absence of binding legal relations between the parties, that is, the conclusion of a corresponding contract.The judicial practice in relation to the issues raised in the article is analyzed. Based on the relevant analysis, it was concluded that judicial practice is not characterized by unity in law enforcement. At the same time, the judicial practice of recent years shows not only the possibility of compulsory collection of contributions, but also the possibility of applying additional liability for non-payment of contributions in the form of a penalty. This is due to the fact that if there are contractual legal relations, then the terms of the contract must be fulfilled, and in the event of their non-fulfillment, there will be negative consequences associated with the forced collection of membership fees.
State registration in the dynamics of corporate relations in a limited liability company
Authors: Ionitsoi-Dotsenko Oleh
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the legal significance and place of state registration in the dynamics of corporate relations in a limited liability company. The author examines the impact of state registration on the moment of the emergence of property rights to a share in a limited liability company and the right of participation in such a company.The article analyzes various approaches to the significance of state registration in determining the moment of emergence and termination of the right of participation in a limited liability company through the prism of national legislative regulation of corporate legal relations, judicial practice and doctrine.The author cites the disadvantages and advantages of the approaches selected by him regarding the significance of state registration of changes to information on the composition of participants in a limited liability company.The article substantiates the fairness of the approach to the significance of state registration, which is embodied in the modern legislation of Ukraine: the emergence of the right of participation is associated with the moment of the emergence of the ownership right to a share in a limited liability company, which, in turn, is not conditioned by the state registration of changes to information about the participants of the company. Instead, the information of the unified state register of legal entities, individual entrepreneurs and public formations performs the function of announcing the existing rights of a person to a share to an unlimited number of persons, which is important both for third parties and for the company in the context of determining the good faith of their behavior, which entails relevant legal consequences. However, the specified information does not have absolute and exclusive evidentiary force regarding the rights of the person under whom the share is registered.
Application of «INCOTERMS» in drafting commercial transactions
Authors: Myronenko Ihor
Published: November 2024

This article examines the legal nature, content and procedure of application of «International commercial terms» («Incoterms») when drafting commercial transactions. These rules are the development of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) and constitute an important component of the mechanism of international trade. They are widely used all over the world in the implementation of international and domestic commercial activities. «Incoterms» are systematically updated in accordance with the needs of commercial practice, the most recent edition is from 2020.«Incoterms» by their legal nature are a codification of international trade customs and are not subject to mandatory application. In the case of reference in international commercial contracts to the basic terms of delivery of the «Incoterms», the parties to these contracts are obliged to be guided by the provisions of these rules.«Incoterms» are aimed at the unified consolidation of the content of the «basic terms of delivery», which are significant for contracts of international sale of goods and regulate issues related to: the distribution of transport costs between the seller and the buyer; the moment of transfer from the seller to the buyer of the risks of damage, loss or accidental death of the goods; distribution of responsibilities for export (import) customs «clearance» of goods and payment of duties; distribution between the parties of responsibilities regarding product insurance.In practice, «Incoterms» simplify the procedure for drawing up international commercial contracts, since instead of detailing the provisions in the contract regarding the «basic terms of delivery», it is enough to make a reference to the 3-letter abbreviation of «Incoterms», indicating (if necessary) their edition and the place of delivery of the goods.
Contracts on the disposition of intellectual property rights in the system of contract law
Authors: Yakubivskyi Ihor
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes the general theoretical principles of legal regulation of the contractual relations regarding the disposal of intellectual property rights. The author emphasized that the contract is an effective legal instrument at all stages of the legal regulation of intellectual property relations – in the legal regulation of these relations, the acquisition of intellectual property rights, the exercise of these rights, as well as in their civil law protection. The position is defended that contracts on the disposal of intellectual property rights constitute an independent group (type) in the system of contract law. The author assumes that the criterion for separating the considered contracts into a separate group is precisely the direction of their legal result, and not the scope, subject matter, etc. An essential feature of the contracts that mediate the dynamics of intellectual property rights, which determines their independent place in the system of contract law institutions, is their direction on the disposal of intellectual property rights (transfer (alienation) of such rights in whole or in part, granting the right (permission) to use object, distribution of property rights to an object created in co-authorship, etc.). The issue of the relationship between the license and the license contract was analyzed and a conclusion was drawn about the expediency of preserving the license in the Civil Code of Ukraine as a separate legal form of disposal of intellectual property rights with a view, in particular, to the currently widespread practice of granting public licenses for the use of copyright and related rights objects. The article emphasizes that a public license has a legal nature of a unilateral juridical act. Attention is drawn to the shortcomings of Article 1107 of the Civil Code of Ukraine, taking into account the changes made to this article by the new Law of Ukraine «On Copyright and Related Rights». In the process of recodification of the civil legislation of Ukraine, it is proposed to abandon the currently existing legislative position, which provides for the nullity of the contract regarding the disposal of property rights of intellectual property, concluded with non-compliance with the written form prescribed by law.