bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MAIN TRENDS OF SOCIAL AND LEGAL PROBLEMS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Institute of Management of the Mariupol State University, Brazhko О.V. , Nadezhdenko А. A. ,   Institute of Management of the Mariupol State University
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the formulation and substantiation of consistently interconnected theoretical conclusions regarding the main trends of social and legal problems of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine and ways of supporting the development and promotion of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine. It is noted that the current challenges of Ukrainian society, such as war and internally displaced persons, create even more grounds for strengthening social enterprises, and social entrepreneurship itself can be an effective form of such assistance. The study focuses attention on general legal problems associated with insufficient level of entrepreneurial activity, on the shortcomings of legislation regulating entrepreneurship in Ukraine. There are several standard requirements to be recognized as a social enterprise by European investors and other organizations: first, you must be an entrepreneur. As an exception, it is possible to carry out a social mission within the framework of a public or non-profit organization; secondly, the enterprise must have a truly social purpose, and this purpose must be clearly spelled out in its charter or other corporate documents. It is emphasized that without an appropriate legal framework, social enterprises may face difficulties in determining their legal structure and, as a result, will not be able to fully fulfill their social and economic mission. Instead, the establishment of legal status and legal standards will contribute to the sustainable development of social enterprises, the creation of a favorable environment for their activities and the increase of their contribution to the development of Ukrainian society. In addition, the lack of clarity in the legal regulation of the activities of social enterprises is an important factor that prevents their full development, as it leads to uncertainty in their activities and may limit their ability to attract investments or receive financial support. Key words: social entrepreneurship, civil society, socio-legal problems, legal factors, legislation, legal regulation, development.
HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE ERA OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors:   Mariupol State University, Kamardina Y.V. , Polyarush-Safronenko S. O. ,   Belotserki National Agrarian University, Vyshnevska Yu. V. ,   Mykhailo Drahomanov Ukrainian State University
Published: October 2024

The article examines topical issues of international legal regulation of the status of artificial intelligence and compliance with international human rights standards. Starting with the evolution of the formation and development of artificial intelligence, the article draws attention to the importance of the legal relationship with international law. The article emphasises the importance of recent legal developments, in particular, the adoption by the Council of Europe of the first Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Democracy with regard to Artificial Intelligence in 2024. In addition, the author examines the correlation between international human rights law and the development of artificial intelligence. Separately, the author additionally examines the problems of Ukrainian legislation, certain branches of Ukrainian law and possible prospects for the necessary legal regulation of the rights and obligations of artificial intelligence both at the international level and at the national level. Keywords: human rights, artificial intelligence, national law, international law, international organisations, automated technologies, globalisation.
SPECIAL MISSIONS OF INTERNATIONAL INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF FUNCTIONING
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Kuzma V.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the theoretical and practical aspects of the functioning of special missions of international intergovernmental organizations at the present stage. It is noted that diversification of international relations contributes to the expansion of interactions between subjects of international law in various forms. It is actualized that international intergovernmental organizations, in exercising the right of foreign relations, are increasingly using ad hoc diplomacy or special missions. The author emphasizes that the trend in the development of the institution of special missions is the practice of their implementation by international intergovernmental organizations on various issues at different levels. At the same time, the author underlines that there is no regulatory framework for all aspects of their functioning. Particular attention is paid to the activities of individual special missions of international intergovernmental organizations in Ukraine. It is established that the diplomatic temporary missions of the UN, OSCE, EU and in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war are carried out in accordance with the provisions of the 1969 Convention on Special Missions, customary law and are additionally regulated by relevant agreements and memorandums. Considering the long existence of the institution of special missions, the practice shows and in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war, the form of diplomatic activity of the IMO not only occupies an important place in the process of international communication, but also dynamically develops and improves, which in the future will require additional international legal regulation. Key words: ad hoc diplomacy; customary international law; European Union; human rights protection; international law; international intergovernmental organizations; law of external relations; Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe; Russian-Ukrainian war; special missions; United Nations
Post-pandemic impact on a private university in Malaysia: adapting strategies for sustainable education in chemistry
Authors: Chong Sheau Huey , Wong Pei Ying
Published: October 2024

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic marked an unprecedented disruption in global education systems, affecting a vast population of approximately 1.6 billion learners across over 200 countries. Specifically, within Malaysia, where private universities hold a significant role in shaping the educational sphere, the pandemic brought about notable shifts in higher education. This research focuses on the post-pandemic impact on a private university situated in the Malaysian capital, focusing on transformations in teaching and learning approaches, student engagement, and technological integration in chemistry education. Through an in-depth analysis of diverse data sources from students and literatire review,  this study aims to shed light on the challenges faced by the teaching and learning process in chemistry and the strategies employed to mitigate the adverse effects. In addition, the study also discusses the potential long-term transformations in higher education that may persist beyond the pandemic and offers recommendations to ensure the resilience and adaptability of private universities in Malaysia. Understanding the post-pandemic impact on private universities is crucial for formulating effective policies and strategies to enhance the quality and accessibility of higher education in the evolving educational landscape.
Tuberculose em crianças e adolescentes: uma análise epidemiológica no Estado de Alagoas entre os anos de 2012 e 2022
Authors: Santos Anne Carolina Lima dos , Vitalino Antonnia Vidal , Santos Anna Letícia Simplício dos , Alécio Isabelle Wanessa Cavalcanti de Melo , Campos Letícia Lima , Bastos Luiz Cláudio Gomes
Published: October 2024

A tuberculose (TB) é uma doença transmissível de evolução crônica causada pelo bacilo intracelular Mycobacterium tuberculosis, também conhecido como Bacilo de Koch (BK), e é a principal causa de problemas de saúde e  de  mortes  em  todo  o  mundo.  Os casos pediátricos de tuberculose representam 10% de todos os casos da doença e, em 2015, estima-se que houveram 210.000 mortes por tuberculose em crianças. Objetiva-se descrever o panorama epidemiológico da tuberculose em crianças e adolescentes no estado de Alagoas entre 2012 a 2022. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico com dados do Sistema de Informações e Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) e cedidos pelo Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). Foram considerados apenas aqueles indivíduos a partir dos 0 até aos 19 anos de idade diagnosticados com a doença entre esse período, além da faixa etária, sexo, município de residência, forma da doença, tipo de entrada e coinfecção por pelo Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV). Verificou-se um total de 1.313 casos de tuberculose nessa amostra, sendo mais da metade; 67,47% (n=886) casos; em indivíduos dos 15 aos 19 anos. Durante a década observada, houve pouca oscilação entre os números de casos a cada ano, mas a prevalência foi relativamente maior para os indivíduos do sexo masculino, com 701 casos (53,38%), e a forma predominante da doença foi a pulmonar com 1063 casos (81%), seguida pela extrapulmonar com 222 casos (16,9%). Ao analisar o tipo de entrada, quase 90% (n=1163) do total dessa amostra são casos novos e ao verificar a relação da doença com o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV), nota-se que em pelo menos 48 casos (4%) estão associados ao ao patógeno. No entanto, em 31,3% (n=411) o teste para HIV ainda estava em andamento quando houve o registro no DATASUS ou, infelizmente, não fora realizado, o que dificulta a melhor compreensão quantitativa dessa variável e subestima a verdadeira relação entre a tuberculose e imunodepressão nesses indivíduos. A manutenção da quantidade de casos notificados ao longo de 10 anos evidencia um resultado pouco satisfatório das ações em saúde e apontam para uma grande dificuldade de erradicação da tuberculose na população infantil e adolescente no estado de Alagoas. Dessa forma, continuam sendo necessárias estratégias de reforço para o combate à doença.
Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Bromelin Propolis Spray
Authors: Melo Tahira Souza , Henrique Paloma de Barros , Magalhães Haliny da Silva , Mourad Amouni Mohmoud , Delorenzi Jan Carlo Morais Oliveira Bertassoni
Published: October 2024

The indiscriminate use of antibiotics over the last 60 years has led to the development of resistant strains, leading an urgent need for new treatments, new molecules or combinations of products, safety and effective. In this regard, propolis has been used in traditional medicine due its therapeutic effects, such as antibacterial, antifungal and antiseptic, tested in vitro, in vivo and clinically. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of a commercial oral flavoring product against bacterial strains of clinical interest from the upper respiratory tract. Bacteria sensitivity against Bromelin Propolis Sprayâ (BPS) was evaluated using macrodilution in broth and no turbid tubes plated on TSA to confirm the results. Tested bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. BPS showed antimicrobial activity for all tested strains and the MBC was 2.5mg/mL. Moreover, the antioxidant activity was determined by the ability to scavenge the stable radical DPPH. 0.007% of BPS showed the maximum antioxidant effect, of 6.63mM, which demonstrate its high antioxidant effect. Therefore, these results indicate that the commercial product BPS at 0.7% can be a potential candidate as adjuvant in antibiotic therapy for upper respiratory tract disorders, due possible antimicrobial effect and its high antioxidant potential.
Efeitos das dietas hiperproteica e normoproteica na função renal de adultos saudáveis
Authors: Gabas Amélia Calza , Gabas Rafael Corio , Boaretto Rubia Bethania Biela
Published: October 2024

Existem controvérsias sobre os efeitos e as complicações renais associados ao consumo elevado de proteínas na dieta. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a influência das dietas hiperproteica e normoproteica na função renal de adultos saudáveis. Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática com base em 15 artigos científicos selecionados em outubro de 2021, nas plataformas PubMed/MEDLINE, BIREME e Cochrane, utilizando combinações dos termos “diet, high-protein”, “renal function” e “kidney health” com o operador booleano AND. Os resultados encontrados são conflitantes e a escassez de estudos dificulta a formação de um consenso. Fatores como a qualidade e a procedência das proteínas, a interação com o estilo de vida e o uso concomitante de substâncias nefrotóxicas devem ser considerados. Embora não haja evidências definitivas contra dietas ricas em proteínas, recomenda-se cautela até que dados mais robustos sobre sua segurança sejam obtidos.
Variations in hematological parameters of Brazilian Bonsmara cattle at different stages of lactation
Authors: Machado Laiz Basso , Oliveira Wilson Junior , Mundim Antonio Vicente , Guimarães Ednaldo Carvalho , Barbosa Fernando Cristino , Oliveira Vinícius José de , Pereira Douglas Alves
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the hematological parameters of non-lactating Bonsmara cows and cows at different stages of lactation. A total of 119 cows were used, divided into four groups according to the number of lactations. The hematological evaluations performed were erythrogram and leucogram using automated equipment. The descriptive statistical analysis of the data was performed with a 5% significance level. The experiment followed the ethical principles of animal experimentation (CEUA-UFU protocol 053/2018). Significant differences were found in first lactation animals for erythrocyte count and in second lactation animals for erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, globule volume and platelets. In third lactation animals, significant differences were found for mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and platelets. In non-lactating animals, the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration showed a significant difference. For the leukogram, significant changes were found in the third lactation animals for rods; and in the concentration of total leukocytes and lymphocytes in the non-lactating animals.   This study on the hematology of Bonsmara cattle can serve as a reference base for hematological parameters and as a stimulus for further research on the subject.
Avaliação do impacto da dismenorreia na qualidade de vida de pacientes ginecológicos na Clínica Integrada de Saúde da Faculdade de Saúde e Ecologia Humana
Authors: Pereira Gustavo Coutinho Nogueira , Cardoso Izabela Gomes Leite , Lopes Mauro Marques , Guidine Patrícia Alves Maia
Published: October 2024

A dismenorreia, ou cólica menstrual, é um problema de alta prevalência enfrentado por mulheres em idade fértil, podendo gerar inúmeros impactos negativos em sua qualidade de vida. O presente estudo, de caráter transversal, tem como objetivo avaliar o impacto da dismenorreia nas pacientes ginecológicas atendidas na Clínica Integrada de Saúde da Faculdade de Saúde e Ecologia Humana. Para tanto, as participantes responderam a um Questionário de Qualidade de Vida (SF-36) adaptado. Durante o período de coleta de dados, 27 pacientes se enquadraram nos critérios de inclusão da pesquisa. Contrariamente ao que é relatado na literatura, 70% das pacientes que responderam ao questionário afirmaram não se ausentar de atividades diárias relacionadas ao trabalho, tarefas domésticas ou estudos, apesar do desconforto físico causado pela dismenorreia. Um achado significativo foi que 68% das pacientes relataram praticar automedicação durante os episódios de cólica menstrual.
Encefalite Auto-Imune Anti-NMDA: um relato de caso
Authors: Matos Pedro Paulo de , Nunes Tiago de Araujo , Fenelon Maria Paula Meireles , Alves Leonardo Jadyr Silva Rodrigues , Araujo Gabriel Martins , Saffi Pedro Maia Nobre Rocha , Simari Neto Osvaldo
Published: October 2024

Considerando a apresentação clínica variável e as dificuldades enfrentadas no processo diagnóstico da encefalite autoimune, o presente relato objetiva descrever e analisar um caso de encefalite autoimune destacando as manifestações clínicas, desafios diagnósticos e estratégias terapêuticas adotadas, em comparação a literatura existente. Para tanto, foi conduzido um relato de caso envolvendo uma paciente de 18 anos que apresentou sintomas neurocognitivos progressivos. Após múltiplas investigações clínicas e laboratoriais, o diagnóstico de encefalite anti-NMDA foi confirmado. A paciente foi tratada com plasmaférese e imunossupressores, resultando em melhora gradual dos sintomas. Desse modo, observa-se que o manejo precoce e adequado da encefalite autoimune, mesmo diante de sua complexidade diagnóstica, pode levar a resultados clínicos favoráveis, o que permite concluir que a identificação e o tratamento imediato são cruciais para o prognóstico positivo. mantenha a estrutura mas mude um pouco.
Restaurações diretas com resina composta: fatores que influenciam sua longevidade e desempenho clínico
Authors: Torres Luiz Miguel de França Moura Murta , Silva José Eduardo de Lima , Rêgo Heleine Maria Chagas
Published: October 2024

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar os fatores que afetam a longevidade e o desempenho clínico de restaurações diretas com resina composta, através de uma revisão da literatura. a realização do estudo, foi feita uma busca nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO e Mendeley, utilizando as palavras-chave presentes nos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): “falha de restauração dentária”, “resina composta” e “longevidade”.  Foram incluídos artigos publicados nos últimos dez anos em inglês que realizaram revisões sistemáticas e estudos clínicos acerca do desempenho das restaurações de resina composta em dentes anteriores e posteriores, levando em consideração os fatores que levaram a falha das restaurações. Estudos que não apresentaram uma metodologia clara, foram excluídos, assim como os estudos que não se encontravam disponíveis na integra. A resina composta surgiu com um intuito de se obter um material restaurador mais estético. Esse material tem um potencial adesivo a estrutura dental, além de apresentar longevidade clínica acessível, com brilho e cor semelhante a superfície dental. No entanto, estudos mostram que há vários fatores que podem influenciar no sucesso das restaurações diretas de resina, tais como: propriedades e resistência do material, biocompatibilidade e a experiência do profissional. Assim, é necessário analisar esses fatores com cautela e averiguar como ocorre o comprometimento da restauração, avaliando a necessidade de reintervenção, além de um bom planejamento e acompanhamento, para obtenção de maior longevidade da restauração com resina composta.
A percepção da qualidade de vida sobre a relação afetiva e sexual dos idosos moradores da região de Vila Velha na atenção primária
Authors: Lopes Arthur Leandro Quinteiro , Mattos Lígia Belarmino , Morandi Lorenzo Souza , Lima Matheus Filipe de Souza , Nascimento Evelyn Almeida do , Araujo Júlia Rodrigues , Souza Rayane Christ de , Barbosa Anna Júlia de Oliveira , Proescholdt Ana Clara Bautz , Terra Denise Galvêas
Published: October 2024

Com a velhice há modificações sociais, psicológicas, culturais e na sexualidade, havendo estigmas e preconceitos, excluindo-os da atenção ao cuidado e da promoção de saúde. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 181 idosos que frequentam as Unidades de Saúde da Família de Vila Velha. Realizou-se uma coleta de dados a partir de um formulário com 20 perguntas estratificadas em escala Likert. Conclui-se que a sexualidade está diretamente atrelada com a autoestima do idoso, que a manutenção do desejo mesmo na velhice e que problemas de saúde, a idade, medicações e alterações corporais interferem na vivência da sexualidade.
From Boring Tests to Engaging Adventures: A Game-Based Learning Approach in LMS
Authors: Könitz Christopher
Published: October 2024

The paper explores a game-based approach to language placement tests within Learning Management Systems (LMS), addressing issues of incorrect course placement and student disengagement. By gamifying assessments, the initiative aims to create a motivational and playful environment that accurately estimates students' language skills. The game design is guided by player type models and motivational frameworks, ensuring an engaging experience that caters to diverse player motivations. The game, "Journey to Mars," is set in a science fiction environment and uses multimedia elements and interactive modules to integrate educational content seamlessly. Methods for game analysis were adopted to create a gamified placement test in three steps. First, we adopted the basic game structure from the goals of the placement test. Second, we created plot points and settings and derived certain style and interface elements to create a coherent gaming environment. Third, we enriched the gaming experience with additional elements like badges and secret elements. The development process involved utilizing the ILIAS LMS tools, generative AI for content creation, and implementing progressive difficulty and feedback systems to enhance the educational value. Initial feedback indicates positive engagement and motivation among students.
Инвестиционное развитие региона: проблемы и возможности роста в современных условиях
Authors: Иванов П.А.
Published: October 2024

татья посвящена анализу состояния инвестиционного развития субъектов РФ, выявлению проблем и возможностей его повышения в современных условиях. На примере Республики Башкортостан в сопоставлении с другими регионами ПФО проведен анализ основных тенденций в инвестиционной сфере, позволивший в качестве основных сдерживающих факторов выявить низкий уровень участия финансовых средств банковского сектора и населения в реализации проектов реального сектора экономики, а также недостаточный уровень инвестирования в обрабатывающую промышленность как один из ключевых источников формирования валовой добавленной стоимости. Рассмотрены перспективные направления по повышению инвестиционной активности в регионах на базе привлечения инвестиционных ресурсов банковского сектора и населения, повышения уровня инвестиционного обеспечения деятельности предприятий обрабатывающего сектора экономики.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the state of investment development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, identifying problems and opportunities for its improvement in modern conditions. Using the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan in comparison with other regions of the Volga Federal District, an analysis of the main trends in the investment sphere was carried out, which made it possible to identify the low level of participation of financial resources of the banking sector and the population in the implementation of projects in the real sector of the economy, as well as the insufficient level of investment in the manufacturing industry as one of the key sources of gross value added. Prospective directions for increasing investment activity in the regions are considered based on attracting investment resources from the banking sector and the population, increasing the level of investment support for the activities of enterprises in the manufacturing sector of the economy.
Управление подготовкой специалистов кадровых служб в условиях цифровой экономики
Authors: Сергиенко И.В. , Крымова М.А. , Камалова С.Д. , Сергиенко Е.Б.
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена проблеме современной подготовки специалистов кадровых служб, обладающих высокой профессиональной и цифровой компетентностью, позволяющей эффективно и качественно управлять персоналом организации в условиях профессиональной среды. Представлены результаты апробации модели управления подготовкой специалистов кадровых служб в условиях цифровой экономики. Проведено исследование изменения уровня компетенций, сформированных и усовершенствованных в процессе обучения слушателей-специалистов.

The article is devoted to the problem of modern training of HR specialists who have high professional and digital competence, allowing them to effectively and efficiently manage the organization’s personnel in a professional environment. The results of testing a model for managing the training of personnel services specialists in the digital economy are presented. A study was conducted of changes in the level of formed and improved competencies in the process of training specialist students.
К вопросу о государственном регулировании патронатной семьи
Authors: Валиева А.Р. , Носова Д.Х. , Залилова Э.А.
Published: October 2024

В статье анализируются актуальные проблемы государственного регулирования патронатной семьи как формы устройства детей-сирот и детей, оставшихся без попечения родителей. Для ребенка замещающая семья предоставляет возможность для формирования личности, создает предпосылки для вступления в самостоятельную жизнь. В региональном законодательстве не существует единого подхода к данной форме устройства. Авторы приходят к выводу, что развитие института патронатной семьи невыполнимо без изменения федерального законодательства.

The article analyzes current problems of state regulation of foster care as a form of placement for orphans and children left without parental care. For a child, a foster family provides an opportunity for personality formation and creates the prerequisites for entering an independent life. There is no uniform approach to this form of device in regional legislation. The authors come to the conclusion that the development of the institution of foster care is impossible without changing federal legislation.
Диагностика уровня жизни населения в Республике Башкортостан и определение угроз по данному направлению
Authors: Акчурина А.М. , Кагарманова А.И.
Published: October 2024

В статье проведена комплексная оценка уровня жизни населения Республики Башкортостан, использована широкая система показателей, позволяющая диагностировать угрозы в данной сфере. Значения сравнивались со средними по округу и по стране в целом, что позволило получить более полную характеристику. Наличие порогового уровня по некоторым показателям позволило выявить угрозы в области обеспечения высокого уровня жизни населения и определить направления, требующие внедрения инструментов стабилизации.

The article provides a comprehensive assessment of the standard of living of the population of the Republic of Bashkortostan, uses a broad system of indicators that allows to diagnose threats in this area. The values were compared with the average for the district and for the country as a whole, which made it possible to obtain a more complete description. The presence of a threshold level for some indicators made it possible to identify threats in the field of ensuring a high standard of living for the population and identify areas requiring the introduction of stabilization tools.
Концептуальные проблемы инвестиционной активности инновационного процесса в России
Authors: Компанийцева О.В.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются инвестиционные механизмы инновационного процесса, проведен анализ статистических данных инвестиционной активности в различных отраслях экономики России и зарубежных странах. Актуальность работы обусловлена необходимостью повышения степени технологического суверенитета России в условиях санкций за счет повышения конкурентоспособности российского продукта, с помощью методов государственного регулирования и социально-экономических механизмов поддержки инноваций. Целью исследования является выявление закономерностей инвестиционного процесса в инновационной сфере на основе статистических данных Федеральной службы государственной статистики и анализа опыта зарубежных стран.

The article examines the investment mechanisms of the innovation process, analyzes the features of investment activity in various sectors of the economy of Russia and foreign countries. The relevance of the work determines the need to increase the technological sovereignty of Russia in the context of restrictions on the account of increasing the competitiveness of Russian products, using government regulation methods and social-economic principles of supporting innovation. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the investment process in the innovation sphere based on statistical data from the Federal State Statistics Service and an analysis of the experience of foreign countries.
На границе неврологии и ревматологии: клинический случай анти-SRP-ассоциированной некротизирующей миопатии
Authors: Рушкевич Ю.Н. , Забродец Г.В. , Семенова А.И. , Гвищ Т.Г. , Мальгина Е.В. , Антоненко Д.А. , Борисевич А.Е.
Published: October 2024

Понятие «миопатический синдром» подразумевает под собой наличие мышечной слабости, генез которой может быть различен, несмотря на общность клинических проявлений. Причиной мышечной слабости могут служить различные патологические состояния вследствие повреждения непосредственно мышечной ткани, периферической нервной системы или нервно-мышечного синапса. Синдром мышечной слабости может быть проявлением таких заболеваний, как воспалительные миопатии, болезнь двигательного нейрона, миастения, прогрессирующие мышечные дистрофии. В связи с этим необходим тщательный дифференциальный подход, поскольку тактика ведения и лечения таких пациентов принципиально различается. Диагноз идиопатической воспалительной миопатии (ИВМ) достаточно прост у пациентов с классическим дебютом заболевания, типичным распределением мышечной слабости. Однако при медленно прогрессирующем течении, отсутствии иммунологических признаков системного заболевания возможны диагностические ошибки. Поэтому только тщательная оценка клинических данных, динамики симптомов, паттерна распределения мышечной слабости, а также результатов лабораторного и инструментального обследования помогает правильно диагностировать заболевания из группы ИВМ.

The concept of "myopathic syndrome" implies the presence of muscle weakness, the genesis of which may be different, despite the common clinical manifestations. The cause of muscle weakness can be various pathological conditions due to damages to the muscle tissue itself, those to the peripheral nervous system or the neuromuscular synapse. Muscle weakness syndrome can be a manifestation of diseases such as inflammatory myopathy, motor neuron disease, myasthenia gravis, and progressive muscular dystrophy. In this regard, a careful differential approach is required, since the tactics of management and treatment of such patients are fundamentally different. The diagnosis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) is quite simple in patients with the classic onset of the disease, with a typical distribution of muscle weakness. However, with a slowly progressive course, the absence of immunological signs of a systemic disease, diagnostic errors are possible. Therefore, only a thorough assessment of clinical data, symptoms progression, muscle weakness distribution pattern, as well as the results of laboratory and instrumental examinations are helpful in correct diagnosis of IIM group diseases.
ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ РОССИИ И КИТАЯ
Authors: МИНАКОВ А.В.
Published: October 2024

В статье представлены результаты исследования тенденций развития экономических отношений КНР и Российской Федерации. Выявлены особенности двусторонней торговли, инвестиционного сотрудничества, сотрудничества в сфере энергетики и транспорта. Показано, что Китай является крупнейшим поставщиком промышленной продукции, машин, оборудования и автомобильного транспорта в Россию и одновременно крупнейшим покупателем российской нефти, газа, многих продовольственных товаров. Большим потенциалом обладает инвестиционное сотрудничество (совместные ГЧП-проекты, деятельность российско-китайских инвестиционных фондов). Рекомендации могут быть использованы для выработки направлений углубления экономического сотрудничества.

This article presents the results of a study of Russian-Chinese economic relations development. Were studied the features of bilateral trade, investment cooperation, cooperation in the field of energy and transport. Now China is the largest supplier of industrial products, machinery, equipment and road transport for Russian market. Also China imports Russian oil, gas, food products. Investment cooperation between Russia and China has great potential (for example, joint PPP projects, activities of Russian-Chinese investment funds). Recommendations made in this article can be used to develop directions for deepening economic cooperation.
ЗЕРНОВОЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВО В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ: АНАЛИЗ И ОЦЕНКА СОВРЕМЕННОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ, ТЕНДЕНЦИЙ И УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ЕГО РАЗВИТИЕМ
Authors: ИБРАГИМОВ А.Г. , РОМАНЮК М.А. , СУХАРНИКОВА М.А. , ЧЕКМАРЕВА Н.В. , БЕСШАПОШНЫЙ М.Н. , ГАМИДОВ А.Г. , МОРОЗОВ А.В.
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена анализу состояния, тенденций развития и перспектив зернового хозяйства. Отмечается, что производство зерна является основой агропромышленного комплекса Российской Федерации; продовольственная безопасность страны во многом зависит от ее развития (самообеспеченность зерном должна составлять не менее 95 процентов); производство зерна в России за последние 5 лет значительно возросло, превысив среднегодовой лимит самообеспечения почти в 2 раза; Это достигнуто за счет увеличения посевов зерновых культур на 2,5% и увеличения урожайности на 32,3% за исследуемый период; в результате общий сбор зерна за этот период увеличился примерно на 40%; Россия за последние 5 лет стала основным экспортёром зерна, регулярно поставляя на мировой рынок 50 млн. тонн зерна в год; экспорт зерна ежегодно приносит в бюджет страны более 13 миллиардов долларов США; Было отмечено, что столь важный прогресс, в производстве зерна достигнут в результате адресной, непосредственной государственной поддержки сельского хозяйства в целом, включая производство зерна; Эти меры стимулировали производство зерна, развитие инфраструктуры, экспорт и обеспечили рентабельность сельхозпроизводителей.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the state, development trends and prospects of grain farming. It is noted that grain production is the basis of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation; the country's food security largely depends on its development (self-sufficiency in grain should be at least 95 percent); grain production in Russia has increased significantly over the past 5 years, exceeding the average annual selfsufficiency limit by almost 2 times; This was achieved by increasing grain crops by 2.5% and increasing yields by 32.3% during the study period; as a result, the total grain harvest during this period increased by approximately 40%; Over the past 5 years, Russia has become the main exporter of grain, regularly supplying 50 million tons of grain per year to the world market; grain exports annually bring more than 13 billion US dollars to the country's budget; It was noted that such important progress in grain production was achieved as a result of targeted, direct state support for agriculture in general, including grain production; These measures stimulated grain production, infrastructure development, exports and ensured the profitability of agricultural producers.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ НА РАЗВИТИЕ РЫНКА УСЛУГ ЖЕЛЕЗНОДОРОЖНОГО ТРАНСПОРТА
Authors: МУХАМЕТШИН Р.М. , СТЕПАНЕНКОВА Н.М.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматривается влияние информационных технологий на развитие рынка услуг железнодорожного транспорта Российской Федерации. Анализируется динамика и оценка внедрения современных IT-решений в железнодорожную отрасль. Рассматриваются ключевые направления применения информационных технологий, такие как системы управления движением, диагностика подвижных составов, автоматизация систем бронирования и поддержки клиентов, продажа и быстрая оплата услуг железнодорожного транспорта. Приводятся примеры успешного внедрения информационных технологий и доказательство их необходимости использования на железнодорожном транспорте. Обсуждаются перспективы дальнейшего развития и интеграции информационных технологий в железнодорожную отрасль.

The article examines the influence of information technology on the development of the market for railway transport services in the Russian Federation. The dynamics and assessment of the implementation of modern IT solutions in the railway industry are analyzed. Key areas of application of information technologies are considered, such as traffic control systems, rolling stock diagnostics, automation of reservation and customer support systems, sales and quick payment for railway transport services. Examples of successful implementation of information technologies and evidence of their need for use in railway transport are given. The prospects for further development and integration of information technologies in the railway industry are discussed.
РАЗВИТИЕ ВНЕШНЕТОРГОВОГО СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВА РФ И КНР ЧЕРЕЗ ПРИЗМУ ВЛИЯЮЩИХ ФАКТОРОВ
Authors: БУДАРИНА Н.А.
Published: October 2024

В статье представлены результаты внешнеторгового сотрудничества Российской Федерации и Китайской Народной Республики. Обосновано, что экономическое сотрудничество между Россией и Китаем представляет собой сложные и неясные отношения, которые в настоящее время страдают от нерешенных проблем. В статье сделан вывод, что несмотря на достигнутые успехи, в торгово-экономических отношениях России и Китая по-прежнему сохраняются серьезные дисбалансы. Важнейшими из них являются, во-первых, ограниченная доля России в общем объеме китайской внешней торговли и, во-вторых, преобладание сырьевого сектора в структуре российского экспорта в Китай.

The article presents the results of foreign trade cooperation between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China. It is substantiated that economic cooperation between Russia and China is a complex and unclear relationship that currently suffers from unresolved problems. The article concludes that despite the successes achieved, serious imbalances still remain in trade and economic relations between Russia and China. The most important of them are, firstly, Russia’s limited share in the total volume of Chinese foreign trade and, secondly, the predominance of the raw materials sector in the structure of Russian exports to China.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ РОССИИ И КИТАЯ В НЕФТЕГАЗОВОМ КОМПЛЕКСЕ
Authors: ЧЕРНЯЕВ М.В. , ЦЗЕЛИНЬ Ч. , ОЗИЕВА А.М.
Published: October 2024

В рамках стратегического партнерства Китай и Россия развивают новую модель взаимоотношений и сотрудничества, основанную на взаимном уважении в политике, взаимодополнении в экономике, взаимном доверии в сфере безопасности. В последние годы, благодаря высокому уровню политического доверия и принципам равноправия и взаимной выгоды, достигнуты значительные успехи в области энергетической инфраструктуры и торговли энергоресурсами, а также расширен спектр сотрудничества в области энергетики. В настоящее время, будучи крупнейшим в мире импортером нефти и газа, во внешних связях Китай сосредотачивает свои усилия на укреплении энергетической безопасности путем более активного открытого сотрудничества. Одновременно с этим, неопределенность в перспективах мировой экономики, геополитические потрясения и другие факторы усиливают нестабильность на мировом энергетическом рынке, что крайне неблагоприятно сказывается на крупных энергетических производителях и экспортерах, таких как Россия. Поэтому в условиях существенных изменений на мировом энергетическом рынке необходимо углублять практическое сотрудничество между Россией и Китаем в области нефти и газа. Это не только будет способствовать укреплению стабильности на мировом энергетическом рынке, но и имеет большое значение для повышения качества и уровня экономического и торгового сотрудничества между Россией и Китаем.

Within the framework of the strategic partnership, China and Russia are developing a new model of mutual relations and cooperation based on mutual respect in politics, complementarity in the economy, and mutual trust in the field of security. In recent years, due to the high level of political trust and the principles of equality and mutual benefit, significant progress has been achieved in the field of energy infrastructure and energy trade, as well as the range of cooperation in the field of energy has been expanded. Currently, as the world's largest importer of oil and gas, China is focusing its efforts in foreign relations on strengthening energy security through more active open cooperation. At the same time, uncertainty in the prospects of the global economy, geopolitical turmoil and other factors increase instability in the global energy market, which has an extremely adverse effect on large energy producers and exporters such as Russia. Therefore, in the context of significant changes in the global energy market, it is necessary to deepen practical cooperation between Russia and China in the field of oil and gas. This will not only contribute to strengthening stability in the global energy market, but is also of great importance for improving the quality and level of economic and trade cooperation between Russia and China.
ЦИФРОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА И ЕЕ ВЛИЯНИЕ НА КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТЬ СТРАН
Authors: КУЦЕНКО С.М.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматривается влияние цифровой экономики на конкурентоспособность стран. Описывается, как развитие информационных технологий способствует увеличению производительности труда и снижению издержек на производство, а также созданию новых цифровых продуктов и услуг. Отмечается, что цифровые технологии способствуют развитию инноваций, созданию новых отраслей экономики и появлению новых форм бизнеса. Особое внимание уделяется развитию таких технологий, как искусственный интеллект, интернет вещей, облачные вычисления и блокчейн. Также отмечается, что цифровая экономика способствует улучшению качества жизни населения, созданию новых возможностей для развития бизнеса, образования, здравоохранения и государственного управления. Однако, статья также указывает на вызовы, которые могут возникнуть в связи с развитием цифровой экономики, такие как кибербезопасность и неравенство в доступе к цифровым технологиям.

The article examines the impact of the digital economy on the competitiveness of countries. Describes how the development of information technology helps to increase labor productivity and reduce production costs, as well as the creation of new digital products and services. It is noted that digital technologies contribute to the development of innovation, the creation of new sectors of the economy and the emergence of new forms of business. Particular attention is paid to the development of technologies such as artificial intelligence, Internet of things, cloud computing and blockchain. It is also noted that the digital economy helps improve the quality of life of the population, creating new opportunities for business development, education, healthcare and public administration. However, the article also points out the challenges that may arise due to the development of the digital economy, such as cybersecurity and inequality in access to digital technologies.
ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЙ ОПЫТ СТАНОВЛЕНИЯ И РАЗВИТИЯ ИНСТИТУТА ТОРГОВО-ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ПАЛАТ
Authors: ГЕОКЧАКЯН А.Г.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассмотрен зарубежный опыт формирования и развития института торгово-промышленных палат как субъектов экономической системы. Автор проводит анализ особенностей создания торгово-промышленных палат в разных странах, сравнивает различные подходы к организации деятельности палат со стороны государства. Кроме этого, определены отличительные черты различных моделей, условия и опыт их применения в различных экономических условиях.

The article considers the foreign experience of the formation and development of the institute of chambers of commerce and industry as subjects of the economic system. The author analyzes the features of the creation of chambers of commerce and industry in different countries, compares different approaches to the organization of chambers' activities on the part of the state. In addition, the distinctive features of various models, conditions and experience of their application in various economic conditions are determined.
ФАКТОРЫ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ ПОСТАВОК ЭНЕРГОРЕСУРСОВ В МИРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКЕ
Authors: ТКАЧЕНКО М.Ф.
Published: October 2024

В статье дается оценка факторов, которые способны оказать влияние на трансформацию цепочек поставок энергоресурсов в мировой экономике. Автор приходит к выводу о том, что определенное влияние на изменения в поставках энергоресурсов могут оказать геополитические факторы (санкции), экономические факторы и факторы климатической повестки (нетарифные ограничения, в том числе в виде ТУР), а инфраструктурные ограничения, связанные с невозможностью масштабировать экспорт/импорт энергоресурсов в силу технических свойств добычи и производства энергоресурсов, скорее закрепляют сложившиеся модели цепочки поставок. При этом автор доказывает противоречивость эффектов указанных факторов как для поставщиков, так и для потребителей энергоресурсов.

The article assesses the factors that can influence the transformation of energy supply chains in the global economy. The author comes to the conclusion that geopolitical factors (sanctions), economic factors and climate agenda factors (non-tariff restrictions, including in the form of tourism packages), and infrastructure restrictions associated with the inability to scale exports can have a certain impact on changes in energy supplies. /import of energy resources, due to the technical properties of the extraction and production of energy resources, rather consolidate the existing supply chain models. At the same time, the author proves the contradictory effects of these factors for both suppliers and consumers of energy resources.
СОСТОЯНИЕ И АНАЛИЗ РАЗВИТИЯ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ НА ОСНОВЕ ДИВЕРГЕНТНЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ
Authors: УТКИРОВ А.У.
Published: October 2024

В статье описан анализ феномена экономической конвергенции, состояния и анализа развития предприятий на основе дивергентных технологий, неоклассической теории экономического роста и концепции «глобализации» экономической конвергенции.

The article describes the analysis of the phenomenon of economic convergence, the state and analysis of the development of enterprises based on divergent technologies, the neoclassical theory of economic growth and the concept of "Globalization" of economic convergence.
АНАЛИЗ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ВНЕДРЕНИЯ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ЦИФРОВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В ПОДРАЗДЕЛЕНИЯ БЮРО СМЭ
Authors: ФЕДОРОВА Ю.В. , ПОЛЕТАЕВА М.П.
Published: October 2024

Необходимость модернизации и цифровизации системы здравоохранения обусловливает актуальность тематики данной статьи. Представлены результаты комплексного аналитического исследования, посвященного анализу возможности и перспективы внедрения современных цифровых технологий в подразделения Бюро СМЭ с помощью SWOT-анализа.

The need to modernize and digitalize the healthcare system determines the relevance of the topic of this article. The results of a comprehensive analytical study devoted to the analysis of the possibilities and prospects for the introduction of modern digital technologies into the departments of the SME Bureau using SWOT analysis are presented.