bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Planejamento de alta hospitalar na visão da enfermeira
Authors: Souza Alessandra Cristina Conceição de , Silva Ana Lúcia Abrahão da , Leite Isabel Cristina de Moura , Loureiro Rildo Santos
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: descrever a experiência de uma enfermeira em uma equipe interprofissional no processo de planejamento de alta em um hospital privado de alta complexidade, situado no município de Niterói, estado do Rio de Janeiro. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiência que descreve ações e aspectos relacionados ao processo de planejamento de alta hospitalar de uma equipe interprofissional, com foco nas ações da enfermeira, em um hospital privado de alta complexidade. Resultado: Os resultados evidenciam, as contribuições para a área da enfermagem e da saúde, destacando a importância do papel do enfermeiro no processo do gerenciamento de alta, que representa um avanço na continuidade do atendimento, de difícil mensuração, dada a relevância da necessidade de integração do cuidado. Conclusão: O projeto de implementação de alta hospitalar modificou as práticas assistenciais e gerenciais de toda a equipe interprofissional, havendo o fortalecimento e o envolvimento da equipe no trabalho, por meio de discussões e reflexões coletivas sobre o planejamento do cuidado. A desospitalização é realizada de forma segurança e responsável, com a participação efetiva do usuário e de sua família no processo, contribuindo para a diminuição do tempo médio de permanência e reinternações desnecessárias.
Palavras-Chave: Alta Hospitalar; Enfermagem; Planejamento; Processo de Enfermagem; Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente.
The Therapeutic Potential of Melatonin in Alzheimer's Disease: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Zhang Jialang , Feng Mingzhe , Kong Lingbo
Published: April 2024

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, afflicting
over 5 million people in the United States. There remains a lack of effective disease--
modifying treatments for AD beyond a few approved drugs that provide temporary
symptomatic relief. Melatonin is an endogenous hormone mainly produced by the pineal
gland that regulates circadian rhythms and possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
properties. An expansive body of research over the past few decades has investigated
melatonin as a promising therapeutic agent for AD based on its ability to target multiple
pathophysiological processes implicated in AD progression. In this comprehensive review,
we summarize extensive evidence from cellular and animal models that has uncovered
the diverse mechanisms underpinning melatonin's neuroprotective efficacy against
AD pathology. We also synthesize clinical studies examining melatonin's effects on AD
progression and symptoms. Additionally, we discuss how melatonin's multimodal mechanisms,
favorable safety profile, and ability to synergize with conventional therapies
heighten its potential as an effective therapeutic strategy for AD. Rigorously designed
clinical trials incorporating physiological biomarkers are warranted to definitively establish
melatonin's disease-modifying effects. Nevertheless, the considerable preclinical data
support further exploration of melatonin as a therapeutic agent for AD.
Exploring the Mechanism of Bufei Decoction in the Treatment of Bronchial Asthma Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Han Yong-Guang , Lv Xing , Tan Ya-Lan , Ding Yun-Shan , Zhang Chao-Yun , Bian Hua
Published: April 2024

Background:

Bufei decoction (BFD) is used in clinical practice to treat bronchial
asthma (BA), although its molecular mechanism of action remains unclear.

Objective:

This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of BFD for treating BA.

Methods:

Network pharmacology and molecular docking predicted the molecular mechanism
and the analysis results were verified using the ELISA kit and RT-qPCR.

Results:

There were 58 main active components and 121 potential targets in the BFD from the
Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(
TCMSP), and 11 core targets were obtained from the protein-protein interactions(PPI)
network. The gene ontology (GO) analysis found that the treatment of BA with BFD was mainly
related to inflammatory reaction, membrane raft, cytokine activity, etc. The Kyoto Encyclopedia
of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that it was mainly related
to interleukin (IL)-17 signaling pathway, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, PI3KAkt
signaling pathway, etc. The molecular docking results showed that the main active ingredients
had strong binding ability with core targets. BFD significantly reduced the TNF-α, IL-6,
and IL-1β and increased the level of IL-10 in rats with BA. BFD also significantly reduced the
mRNA level of PI3K, AKT1, and VEGFA while increasing the mRNA level of TP53 in rats.

Conclusion:

This study used network pharmacology methods to predict the potential active ingredients,
targets, and pathways of BFD in treating BA and explore its possible molecular
mechanism, which provided a theoretical basis for further study.
Role of Phytoactive-based Nanoformulation for the Treatment of Arthritis
Authors: Kumar Shivendra , Sahu Kantrol Kumar , Agrawal Mohit , Singh Kuldeep , Saha Sunam
Published: April 2024

Joints and arthritic conditions are among the most dangerous illnesses that humans
have ever encountered and it is even more worrying that there is no recognized treatment for
arthritis. The researchers looked for safer alternatives, such as herbal medicines, because the
traditional treatments used to treat severe joint inflammatory issues have several negative side
effects. A ligand-coated nanomedicine can bind to receptors that are overexpressed by cells in
chronically inflammatory tissues, increasing its efficacy and reducing its systemic side effects.
This is because the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis suggests that macrophages and overexpressed
molecules exist within inflamed tissues, which increases permeability and allows nanomedicines
to accumulate in inflamed tissue and cause retention phenomena. The anti-arthritic
properties of a variety of plants, their components, extracts, and phyto-isolates have been studied
to date. These plant compounds can pose stability and delivery problems, which restricts their
efficacy as a treatment for inflammatory diseases. The multifunctional and adaptable features of
different nanoparticles can help herbal remedies based on nanotechnology get beyond the delivery
constraints of different natural ingredients. The application of nanoformulations in tissue
engineering is an additional strategy for delivering drugs directly to bone and cartilage in RA
patients. The medication is more therapeutically effective due to nanoformulation's improved
synovium and cartilage absorption, accumulation, and penetration at inflammatory joints. Herbal
medications with a nanotechnology foundation exhibit superior pharmacokinetic and drug delivery
qualities, aid in better oral absorption, regulate drug release, boost in vivo retention capacity,
target delivery, and have synergistic effects. This review provides an update on the use of herbal
medicines based on nanotechnology, which show promise in treating arthritis and other ailments.
Post-Translational Modifications in Tau and Their Roles in Alzheimer's
Pathology
Authors: Kalyaanamoorthy Subha , Opare Stanley Kojo , Xu Xiaoxiao , Ganesan Aravindhan , Rao Praveen P.N.
Published: April 2024

Microtubule-Associated Protein Tau (also known as tau) has been shown to accumulate
into paired helical filaments and neurofibrillary tangles, which are known hallmarks of
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. Decades of research have shown that tau protein undergoes
extensive post-translational modifications (PTMs), which can alter the protein's structure, function,
and dynamics and impact the various properties such as solubility, aggregation, localization,
and homeostasis. There is a vast amount of information describing the impact and role of different
PTMs in AD pathology and neuroprotection. However, the complex interplay between these
PTMs remains elusive. Therefore, in this review, we aim to comprehend the key post-translational
modifications occurring in tau and summarize potential connections to clarify their impact on the
physiology and pathophysiology of tau. Further, we describe how different computational modeling
methods have helped in understanding the impact of PTMs on the structure and functions of
the tau protein. Finally, we highlight the tau PTM-related therapeutics strategies that are explored
for the development of AD therapy.
Comprehensive Pan-cancer Analysis of CMPK2 as Biomarker and Prognostic Indicator for Immunotherapy
Authors: Luo Jingyuan , Zhang Qianyue , Wang Shutong , Zheng Luojie , Liu Jie , Zhang Yuchen , Wang Yingchen , Wang Ranran , Xiao Zhigang , Li Zheng
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

UMP-CMP kinase 2 (CMPK2) is involved in mitochondrial DNA synthesis,
which can be oxidized and released into the cytoplasm in innate immunity. It initiates the assembly
of NLRP3 inflammasomes and mediates various pathological processes such as human immunodeficiency
virus infection and systemic lupus erythematosus. However, the role of CMPK2
in tumor progression and tumor immunity remains unclear.

Methods:

We identified CMPK2 expression patterns in the Genotype Tissue-Expression (GTEx),
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) databases.
Validation was performed using immunohistochemical staining data from the Human Protein Atlas
(HPA) database and qPCR experiments. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and
Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were conducted to assess the clinical relevance of CMPK2 expression.
The Estimation of Stromal and Immune Cells in Malignant Tumor Tissues Using Expression
Data (ESTIMATE) algorithm and the Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database
were used to evaluate the correlation between CMPK2 and immune infiltration in tumors. The Tumor
Immune Syngeneic Mouse (TISMO) database and other public datasets were utilized to assess
the impact of CMPK2 on immune therapy response. MEXPRESS and MethSurv databases
were employed to investigate the effects of methylation on CMPK2 expression.

Results:

CMPK2 expression was elevated in 23 cancers and decreased in two cancers. Furthermore,
CMPK2 expression had a high diagnostic value for 16 cancers. Elevated CMPK2 expression
was associated with lower overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and progression-
free interval (PFI) in four cancers. Immune microenvironment-related analysis revealed
strong associations between CMPK2 expression and immune cell infiltration, as well as immune
checkpoint expression across various tumors. Notably, in four mouse immunotherapy cohorts,
CMPK2 expression in treated mouse tumors was higher post-treatment. In five clinical immunotherapy
cohorts, patients with high CMPK2 expression show better responses to immunotherapy.
Moreover, the methylation level of CMPK2 gene was closely correlated to its expression and
tumor prognosis. Among these cancers, the clinical and immunological indications of skin cutaneous
melanoma (SKCM) are particularly closely related to CMPK2 expression.

Conclusion:

Our analysis preliminarily describes the complex function of CMPK2 in cancer progression
and immune microenvironment, highlighting its potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic
target for immunotherapy.
[Bmim][CF3COO] as a Solvent and a Catalyst for the Knoevenagel
Condensation
Authors: Thi Chung Nguyen , Cong Dung Vo , Xuan Duc Dau
Published: April 2024

A facile and green strategy for the Knoevenagel condensation reaction of aryl aldehydes
and active methylene compounds using [Bmim][CF3COO] ionic liquid as a solvent and a catalyst has
been introduced. The method features some advantages such as good to excellent yield of products,
relatively short reaction time, mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope, and scalability. Moreover,
the ionic liquid solvent could be conveniently recycled and reused up to three times without
any considerable loss of catalytic activity. Twelve products were obtained in high yields, and their
structures were confirmed by NMR data. A plausible reaction mechanism involving the role of the
ionic liquid catalyst was also suggested.
Investigation of the Effect of Power and Duration of Ultrasonic Irradiation on the Synthesis of Thiazoles
Authors: Ehsani Eghlima , Sarvary Afshin , Habibzadeh Setareh
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

The effect of power and duration of ultrasonic irradiation on the synthesis of thiazoles via the Hantzsch reaction was investigated.

Methods:

The reaction of phenacyl bromides with thioamides under ultrasonic irradiation afforded the target thiazoles in good yields.

Results:

The results showed that high power and long irradiation time cause the decomposition of the reaction materials, and for this reaction, the irradiation power of 720 watts and a total duration of 4 minutes, wherein a pulsing function was performed in 50% of each second, were considered the most suitable irradiation properties for the synthesis of thiazoles through the Hantzsch reaction.

Conclusion:

The use of mild conditions, short time frame, high yields, simple separation of the reaction product, and no use of the base for neutralization are the advantages of the present method.
The Teachers’ Knowledge of Type 1 Diabetes in Schools: An Interventional Study
Authors: Assarrar Imane , Zerrouki Dounia , Rami Imane , Draoui Najat , Derbel Salma , El Yamani Nada , Rouf Siham , Latrech Hanane
Published: April 2024

Background:

Managing type 1 diabetes in school is a real challenge for teachers, parents,
and students themselves. Involving school educators in providing care and support is becoming
more of a necessity than a luxury to facilitate access to healthcare services in schools for
children with type 1 diabetes.

Objectives:

Our work aimed to assess the background knowledge of teachers on type 1 diabetes
and evaluate the impact of an educational intervention in improving this knowledge.

Methods:

We included 346 participants working in elementary schools. We collected data on
anonymous data sheets. Then, a first pre-coded questionnaire was distributed to the participants
to assess their background knowledge of type 1 diabetes. Afterward, a simplified educational
session was delivered to them. Subsequently, the same pre-coded questionnaire was distributed
for evaluation after education.

Results:

Around 84% of the participants recognized polyuria and polydipsia as major signs of diabetes.
Only 35.3% of them knew the definition of hypoglycemia. Hyperglycemia was identified
by 65% of the participants. About 40% believed children cannot exercise, while 55.5% thought
taking free sugar before exercise was mandatory. We found a significant correlation between a
good level of knowledge and knowing a person with diabetes (aOR=2.66, CI95%:1.51–4.70,
p=0.001). There was a significant improvement in knowledge after the educational intervention
(p=0.0001).

Conclusion:

Our study showed a lack of information about type 1 diabetes among teachers. We
also proved the effectiveness of targeted education in correcting misconceptions and encouraging
awareness of type 1 diabetes.
Puerarin: A Potential Supplement for Diabetes and its Complications
Authors: Huai Baogeng , Shen Yin , Huai Baosha , Wang Hong , Cao Yingjuan , Qiao Yun , Liu Deshan
Published: April 2024

In recent years, the prevalence of diabetes has gradually increased and has become
one of the main chronic non-communicable diseases, threatening the lives of people. Diabetic
complications are characterized by high incidence and poor prognosis. Once they occur, conventional
drugs are difficult to reverse, so it is extremely urgent to seek new drugs to treat diabetes
and complications. Puerarin is an isoflavone derivative isolated from the root of Pueraria
lobata; it has the functions of regulating blood glucose and lipids, protecting pancreatic β cells,
improving insulin resistance, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and may become a potential
supplement and substitute drug for diabetes and complications. Although puerarin is effective in
the treatment of diabetes and complications, there is a lack of induction and collation of related
mechanisms. This paper reviewed the research progress of the protective effect of puerarin on
diabetes mellitus and its complications in recent years and discussed its related mechanism,
providing a theoretical basis for the application of puerarin in the treatment of diabetes.
New Aspects of the Medicinal Value of Cornsilk: A Review
Authors: Bhatia Priyansha , Chaturvedi Sushma , Shrivastav Sonika , Alam Md Sabir
Published: April 2024

:

Cornsilk has been a natural remedy for centuries to treat various medical conditions. Recent
research shows the anti-inflammatory activities of cornsilk extract, which can help relieve pain.
Certain biopeptides are involved in the induction of anti-inflammatory action in the administration of
cornsilk extract. The analgesic activity of cornsilk is due to the presence of tannins and polyphenolic
constituents in Zea mays. Besides maysin, many other factors, such as steroids, flavonoids, volatile
oils, and various phenolic compounds, make cornsilk extract a modern anti-inflammatory and
analgesic drug with minor side effects. In diverse cultures and folk medicines, cornsilk is used for its
diuretic properties, reduction in melanin production properties, and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,
and analgesic properties. Silver nanoparticles using a combined extract of cornsilk, parsley, and
Arabic gum extract have been reported to reduce inflammation. These effects have been observed in
vivo. This formulation has anti-microbial as well as antioxidant properties. This review article
focuses on the newer aspects of the medicinal value of cornsilk.
Terpenoid Components from Branches and Leaves of Aglaia lawii and
their Biological Properties
Authors: Li Zhi-Xuan , Huang Dan-Yu , Li Yang , Xian Yan-Ying , Zheng Hao , Tian Yun-Cai , Tian Yong , Zhang Wen-Huan , Lin Li-Gen , Gan Li-She
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

Phytochemical investigation on the twigs and leaves of Aglaia lawii
(Wight) C. J. Saldanha led to the isolation and characterization of sixteen compounds, including five
sesquiterpenoids (1-5), one terpenoidal macrolide (6), seven phenolic compounds (7-13), two
triterpenoids (14-15), and one steroid (16).

Method:

Their structures were identified by spectroscopic analyses and comparison with the literature
data. Eight out of the sixteen compounds were discovered from the genus Aglaia for the first time.

Result:

The sesquiterpenoids (1-5) may serve as important chemotaxonomic markers. In vitro, bioassays
on the anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activities of compounds 1‒6 were accomplished.

Conclusion:

Ozoroalide (6) could significantly inhibit LPS-stimulated NO production in RAW264.7
macrophages at 40 μM and caryolane-1,9β-diol (5) could largely increase the glucose uptake capacity
of C2C12 cells under insulin stimulation.
Screening of Some Ayurvedic Phytochemicals to Identify Potential Inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro by In Silico Computational Approach
Authors: Alagarsamy Veerachamy , Shyamsundar Potabathula , Narendhar Bandi , Sulthana Mohaideen Thasthagir , Solomon Viswas Raja , Aishwarya Alagarsamy Dharshini , Ravikumar Vemulapalli , Mani Rupeshkumar , Kunchu Kavitha , Gopinath Manavalan , Nivedhitha Subramanian , Parthiban Periyasamy
Published: April 2024

Background:

The classical drug discovery approach demands more than a decade of strenuous exploration and substantial monetary or economic support, which is difficult in pandemic conditions, such as COVID-19.

Methods:

The main purpose of this work was to ascertain the best inhibitors to combat the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro (PDB ID: 6LU7) target. To achieve this, we conducted a molecular docking screening of 35 phytochemicals from eight different medicinal plants. Using a structure-based drug design of molecular docking, we studied the binding affinities and found 35 molecules that showed greater or identical affinity towards the target than the N3 inhibitor. Additionally, we conducted MD simula-tions for the 6LU7-schaftoside complex.

Results:

The docking analysis has identified several promising phytochemicals with great binding attraction towards the key target. The phytoconstituent, schaftoside (-8.7 kcal/mol), demonstrated the most binding attraction with the target via 6 conventional hydrogen bonds. Additionally, 2'-O-methyl cajanone (-8.3 kcal/mol), isoschaftoside (-8.0 kcal/mol), cajaflavonone (-8.0 kcal/mol), and co-crystal N3 inhibitor (-7.8 kcal/mol) also displayed significant binding affinity. Interestingly, schaftoside and 2’-O-methyl cajanone showed the most promising activities with their low binding energies.

Conclusion:

After thorough analysis, some compounds were found on elite docking sites that re-sembled drugs and had a harmless ADMET profile. Based on the study, it can be concluded that the compounds mentioned earlier possess the ability to be reused as potent inhibitors against the COVID-19 pandemic.
Role of Artificial Intelligence in Diabetic Wound Screening and Early
Detection
Authors: Dhankhar Sanchit , Garg Nitika , Chauhan Samrat , Saini Monika
Published: April 2024

:

The morbidity and death rates linked to diabetes mellitus are substantially increased by
foot ulcers, a prevalent consequence of the disease. Proper wound management is essential for controlling
foot ulcers. This includes monitoring the ulcers' healing progress through clinical reviews,
changing dressings as needed, treating infections with the right medications, and ensuring that the
ulcer is offloaded correctly. Taking pictures of the ulcer was a dependable way to track how diabetic
foot ulcers were healing in the past. Images of foot ulcers have recently experienced a tremendous
change due to the emergence of digital cameras in cell phones. Artificial intelligence
(AI) and other recent developments in digital health technology present a great chance to improve
the efficiency of diabetes care, which might reduce the growth in healthcare costs associated with
diabetes. Patients with diabetes can alleviate the burden on clinics and patients' transportation demands
by electronically sharing photos of their ulcers, which diabetes care providers can remotely
monitor. Improved remote monitoring of diabetic foot ulcers using smartphone apps is now possible
with the help of a new generation of AI-powered solutions. This clinical update review aims to
gather information on this trending topic so that medical professionals can be current on all the latest
advancements in the field.
Optimizing Intranasal Amisulpride Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: Formulation, Development, and Characterization Parameters
Authors: Tamer Manar Adnan , Kassab Hanan Jalal
Published: April 2024

Background:

Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are lipid-based nanoparticles composed
of a mixture of solid and liquid lipids, which are stabilized by the outer surface of a surfactant.

Objective:

This research aimed to prepare intranasal nanostructured lipid carriers loaded with
amisulpride to enhance its dissolution and bioavailability using different formulation compositions.

Methods:

Amisulpride nanostructured lipid carriers were formulated using ultra-sonication methods.
Solid lipids like stearic acid, palmitic acid, and glyceryl monostearate were used, while liquid
lipids like oleic acid, Imwitor 988, and isopropyl myristate were employed. Surfactants used were
cremophor®EL, tween 80, and span 20 with different co-surfactants: Transcutol HP, triacetin, and
propylene glycol in different ratios. The key metrics used in this study's evaluation were particle
size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and loading efficiency. The formulations
with the best characteristics were also subjected to an in-vitro release test.

Results:

The results showed a significant shift in some evaluation criteria with a non-significant
change in other characterizations upon switching between different types and ratios of compositions.
A biphasic release pattern was also observed. The optimum formula F19 was found to have
68.309±0.38 nm, 0.2408±0.004, -20.64±0.11 mV, 95.75±0.26 and 18.07±0.36, respectively. It was
safe on the sheep nasal membrane.

Conclusion:

The right combination of the formulation compositions based on studying the effect of
each factor on the main formulation characteristics can serve as the basis for a successful intranasal
amisulpride-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier.
Studying the Effects of Curd as a Biocatalyst in Multicomponent Biginelli Reaction
Authors: Joshi Surbhi B. , Singh Rahulkumar , Parekh Khushbu , Javiya Dhara , Gandhi Kirti , Patel Dhruv , Bariya Rahul
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

Dihydropyrimidinone (DHPM) is a very useful moiety with a wide range
of applications. Synthesis of this moiety with environmentally friendly methods is the demand of
the era.

Method:

In recent research, the optimisation of curd as a biocatalyst has been studied. It has been
reported that it can be used directly in the multicomponent Biginelli synthesis of ethyl 6-methyl-2-
oxo-4-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylates under mild reaction conditions.

Result:

The chemical structures of synthesized compounds were characterized by physicochemical
and analytical methods (1H NMR, IR and LC-MS methods) and it was found that curd is suitable
for a vast variety of aromatic aldehydes to obtain the corresponding DHPMs.

Conclusion:

This new eco-friendly approach can be implemented to synthesize DHPMs for different
applications.
A Novel Design and Evaluation of a Five-phase Hybrid Excitation Partitioned Stator Flux-switching Machine
Authors: Eduku Stephen , Odonkor Ebenezer Narh , Sekyi-Ansah Joseph , Alhassan Mohammed Okoe
Published: April 2024

Background:

In response to the need for improved performance in electric machines,
this paper introduces and evaluates a novel hybrid excitation partitioned stator flux-switching
(HEPSFS) machine. This design optimizes output torque while considering power density, torque
density, and overall efficiency.

Objective:

The primary objective is to enhance electromagnetic torque production by minimizing
flux leakage to the inner-stator core by creating an auxiliary air-gap in the inner-stator tooth. Additionally,
a partitioned stator design is adopted to accommodate armature and field windings
without space conflicts, allowing for increased windings and permanent magnets (PMs) to maximize
torque density and flux regulation capability.

Method:

A comparative analysis is performed with a conventional HEPSFS (CHEPSFS) machine
to evaluate the proposed design. Both machines share the same design dimensions and
winding configuration to ensure a fair assessment. Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations using
ANSYS Maxwell software are conducted to validate the results.

Result:

The analysis reveals that the proposed HEPSFS (PHEPSFS) machine outperforms the
conventional counterpart. It exhibits higher torque output, torque density, power density, and efficiency
while minimizing torque ripple. Moreover, at a current angle of 0 degrees, the PHEPSFS
machine shows substantial percentage improvements compared to the CHEPSFS machine: a
285% increase in torque output, a 281.39% rise in power density, a 283.82% enhancement in
torque density, and a 9.14% boost in efficiency. Furthermore, the PHEPSFS machine design reduces
torque ripple by an impressive 59.63% compared to the CHEPSFS machine design.

Conclusion:

The study concludes that the PHEPSFS design effectively optimizes torque performance,
making it a promising advancement in HEPSFS machines.
Comparison of Fluid Dynamics of Different Flow Geometries in an
Iron Flow Battery Prototype
Authors: Cooray A.C.C.J. , Kannangara Yasun Y. , Sandaruwan Chanaka , Karunarathna M.K. Vishwani , Handagama Nareshkumar B. , Rathnayake Praveen
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

Renewable energy sources demand is increasing in the world
due to their less environmental effect. Solar and wind energy, which requires largescale
electrical energy storage, are major contributors to this growth. The iron flow
battery is one of the Redox flow battery technologies, which is encouraging for electrical
energy storage because of their long lifetime, flexibility to increase storage, and
minimum chemical hazard compared to conventional batteries

Method:

In this research, the engineering design and fabrication of a locally made Iron
flow battery prototype is described. Then, electrolyte flow simulation was carried out
through COMSOL Multiphysics to compare the fluid velocity and pressure profiles in
three different flow geometries such as plain, parallel, and serpentine, to select the
most compatible flow pattern for the Iron flow battery.

Result:

The resulting velocity profiles indicated that plain flow had stagnated points,
the parallel flow had uneven velocity distribution, and serpentine flow had a uniform
and high-velocity profile. The simulation results of pressure profiles showed the serpentine,
parallel, and plain flows had inlet pressures of 34.38 Pa, 10.01 Pa, and 0.254
Pa, respectively.

Conclusion:

Given that pumping power is directly proportional to the pressure gradient,
the power requirement of electrolyte pumps from highest to lowest is as serpentine
flow, parallel flow, and plain flow.
Reviewing the Therapeutic Potential of Plant-based Natural Products
Against Multidrug-resistant Bacteria (MDR)
Authors: Pandey Ragini , Gupta Puneet
Published: April 2024

The global health of individuals is severely threatened by drug-resistant microorganisms.
Existing antibiotics available in the market, such as penicillin, cephalosporins, new β-
lactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides, lincomycin, and quinolones, are losing their effectiveness
due to overuse and inappropriate prescribing, among other factors. This situation underscores
the urgent need to develop new antimicrobial agents. In response to this challenge, attention
has been directed towards natural products derived from plants, which have been utilized
for their medicinal benefits over an extended period. Various studies have demonstrated that
plant-based natural products exhibit antibacterial action against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria,
making them potential candidates for the development of novel antimicrobial medicines.
Plants belonging to classes, such as alkaloids, organosulfur compounds, terpenoids, coumarin,
and polyphenols have been found to possess antimicrobial properties. This paper reviews the
antimicrobial activity of plant-based natural products, whether used alone or in combination
with conventional antibiotics. Additionally, the paper explores their mechanisms against drugresistant
bacteria, the potential development of resistance against them, their current role in
medicine, and their future perspectives.
Bioactive Fractions Isolated from Harungana madagascariensisLam. and Psorospermum aurantiacumEngl. Regulate Collagen and Melanin Biosynthesis Gene Expression in UVB-irradiated Cells with Additional Anti-inflammatory Potential
Authors: Njikam Jacqueline , Joshi Apeksha , Njoya Emmanuel M. , Upadhyay Kapil , Ngnameko Corinne R. , McGaw Lyndy J. , Devkar Ranjitsinh V. , Njayou Frederic N. , Moundipa Paul F.
Published: April 2024

`Background:

Harungana madagascariensis (HM) and Psorospermum aurantiacum
(PA), used traditionally for skin care, have been reported to upregulate the expression of intracellular
antioxidant genes, thereby preventing melanoma and protecting fibroblast cell lines
from Ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced intracellular oxidative stress.

Aims:

This investigation aimed to identify major compounds in bioactive fractions using bioassay-
guided fractionation.

Methods:

The anti-inflammatory effect of fractions was determined by measuring their inhibitory
activity on 15-lipoxygenase and nitric oxide (NO) in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW
264.7 macrophage cells. Additionally, the anti-aging efficacy of the fractions was determined by
assessing the expression of markers for the aging process, i.e., expression of tyrosinase
(TYR), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), procollagen type-1 (COL1A1), and matrix metalloproteinase-
1 (MMP-1) in UVB-induced photoaging in skin cell-lines. Furthermore, UHPLCMS-
based identification of the bioactive compounds from the most prominent fraction was also
carried out.

Results:

Hexane fraction of HM significantly inhibited (p < 0.05) the 15-lipoxygenase (IC50 =
46.80 μg/mL) and NO production (IC50 = 66.55 μg/mL), whereas hexane fraction of PA was
effective (p < 0.05) in inhibiting 15-lipoxygenase activity (IC50 = 27.55 μg/mL). Furthermore,
the hexane fraction of HM and methanol fraction of PA were significantly effective (p < 0.05)
in reverting the UVB-mediated altered expressions of MMP-1, TYR, TRP-1, and COL1A1. Furthermore,
hexane fraction of HM revealed the presence of harunganin and betulinic acid,
whereas vismion D, vismin, kenganthranol B, and bianthrone 1a were identified from the methanol
fraction of PA.

Conclusion:

Overall, the hexane fraction of HM and methanol fraction of PA displayed effective
anti-aging activities, with additional anti-inflammatory effects.
Anxiety: Its Management, Treatment, and Alternative
Complementary Medicine
Authors: Uppalwar Sonali V.
Published: April 2024

Background:

In psychiatry, anxiety disorders are the most prevalent conditions
and a major contributor to disability, along with immunosuppression, endocrine conditions
like diabetes mellitus and male impotence, cognitive impairments, cardiovascular disease,
hypertension, peptic ulcer, migraine, and Alzheimer's disease. Anxiety and depression continue
to be the leading causes of death.

Objectives:

This study presents data on the use of complementary and alternative therapies
to treat anxiety.

Methods:

SciFinder, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed were used to gather
literature.

Result:

It has been observed that complementary and alternative therapies are used more
than conventional therapies by people with self-defined anxiety attacks and severe depression.
Most patients visiting conventional mental health providers for these problems also
use complementary and alternative therapies. The evidence for the most effective integrative
health methods for treating anxiety disorder is presented in this review, with a focus on
the use of herbal medicine. Anxiety can be treated using a variety of psychotherapies as
well as antidepressant medication, but the risks of overconsumption, as well as interactions
with prescription medications and other drugs, are also factors to consider the herbal therapy.

Conclusion:

This review highlights the management and treatment of anxiety. However,
further larger-scale studies on alternative treatments are required.
Inner and Outer Circles of Factors Associated with Non-Suicidal
Self-Injury (NSSI): A Narrative Review
Authors: AghaMohammadi Soudeh , Tehrani Mohammad Ali Mazaheri , Fata Ladan , Mootabi Fereshteh
Published: April 2024

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a major concern in the field of public health.
In the previous version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-IV-TR), self-injury was only a symptom of borderline personality disorder, but this
criterion has recently been seen in people who do not have the diagnostic criteria of
borderline personality disorder. The trans-diagnostic approach emphasizes the importance
of the factors that precipitate and perpetuate this disorder. The purpose of this research is
to review the factors that cause this behavior. Studies were reviewed using Google
Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases with keywords of NSSI etiology
factor and NSSI risk factor. In the present study, factors related to self-injury were studied
in two categories: proximal and distal factors. Distal factors include traumatic family and
insecure attachment; proximal factors are classified into 4 categories: negative selfrelationship,
emotional factors, social factors, and the role of peer groups. Hence, it is
better to address risk factors that are related to NSSI for a comprehensive and effective
treatment.
An Energy-efficient Routing Protocol Based on Elephant Herding
Optimization in MANET
Authors: Dinesh A. , Vignesh B.P. Sreejith
Published: April 2024

Background:

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a collection of self-organizing
mobile nodes creating an ad hoc network without fixed infrastructure. Routing is a major issue
in mobile networks that may reduce network performance due to frequent network topology
changes. Routing protocols are so important in dynamic multi-hop networks that many studies
have focused on the routing problem in MANETs.

Methods:

In this research work, a proposed ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) with
an elephant herding optimization (EHO) called AODVEHO is used as an optimal path selection
method that creates a set of best paths between destination and source.

Results:

To validate the performance of proposed AODVEHO, AntHocNet, AODV, and designation
sequence distance vector (DSDV). Various performance measures are considered to
validate our proposed research work, such as packet delivery ratio (PDR), end-to-end delay
(E2ED), and average energy consumption (AEC).

Conclusion:

Experimental results are indicated that the AODVEHO achieved a higher routing
overhead (73 %), PDR (89.87 %), low E2ED rate (95.22 %), AEC (75.60 %), and dead nodes
(75%) when compared to other routing schemes.
Impact of a Dynamic COVID-19 Vaccination Strategy on Public Perception in India
Authors: Gupta Shibaji , Pal Indraneel , Sarkar Diptendra Kumar , Banerjee Rudradeep
Published: April 2024

Background and Objective:

India undertakes the largest COVID-19 vaccination drive in
the world, which has undergone multiple changes since the beginning. We examined how these
changes in strategy affect public perception, which is connected to the campaign’s success.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional approach was undertaken, where all non-health worker,
who were vaccine recipients at a COVID-19 vaccination centre in Kolkata, India, and willing to participate,
were approached with a pre-tested questionnaire to understand their perception.

Results:

The majority of the participants (61.1% of 753 samples) felt that the under-18 population
should have been vaccinated earlier; 32.7% and 13.5% stated effectiveness and safety issues resulted
in changes in the vaccination strategy, respectively. A majority (50.7%) opined that vaccine shortage
necessitated postponement in the second dose of Covishield. Changes in vaccination schedules
caused confusion and chances of a longer-running COVID-19 crisis, according to 65.2% and 40.2%
of participants, respectively. Moreover, many (56.3%) were unaware of raised efficacy due to interdosage
delay. The elderly, females, salaried, and participants without any health worker in the family
had a significant chance of having an unfavourable perception towards this changing vaccination
strategy.

Conclusion:

Vaccines often undergo changes in administration strategy due to evolving evidence.
Moreover, it has been observed that a delay in the second dose increases vaccine efficacy. However,
inadequate awareness regarding such changes causes confusion and creates a misconception in the
public mind. Timely dissemination of accurate scientific information and stopping the propagation of
misinformation are necessary to address the dilemma and ensure maximum public support for the
vaccination programme.
Cocos nucifera Husk Biomass as an Effective Adsorbent for Industrial Wastewater Removal: Harnessing the Power of Nature
Authors: Sharma Rishav , Awasthi Rajendra , Malviya Rishabha
Published: April 2024

Background:

Rapid industrialization has polluted waterways, threatened aquatic eco-systems and endangered human health. To solve this problem, sustainable industrial practices and innovative water treatment technology must be implemented to ensure clean and safe water for future generations.

Methods:

This study aimed to investigate the adsorbent capacity of Cocos nucifera husk for ineffective removal of methylene blue (MB), a cationic dye abundantly found in industrial effluent. Adsorption capacity is measured using parameters such as dye elimination percentage and polymer dosage. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, adsorption kinetics (pseudo-first, pseudo-second, and second order), and intraparticle diffusion were determined to better under-stand the adsorption process.

Results:

The increased dosage of cellulose fiber results in the availability of a greater number of adsorption sites and an increased surface area. However, the dye removal efficacy decreased after reaching a specific dosage of 0.6 g/L. A concentration of 0.05 g/L was most effective in eliminating Methylene blue (MB). The value of the separation factor (0.99) suggested a favorable adsorption isotherm. The reciprocal of the heterogeneity factor (-1.469) demonstrated the concentration-independent adsorption behavior of Fiber. Freundlich and Langmuir's isotherm model showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model demonstrated the highest level of correlation with the experimental data about the mechanism of adsorption. The Methylene blue (MB) adsorption is not limited by the intraparticle diffusion and adsorption is influenced by surface area and concentration variation of fiber as well as solvent concentration, as evidenced by low R2 value and the fact that the intraparticle diffusion plot does not intersect with the origin.

Conclusion:

The study concludes that Cocos nucifera husk can be effectively used for the treatment of wastewater.
Monitoring system for a self-consumption photovoltaic system
Authors: Cajape-Palma Joseph Joaquin , Juleidy-Cedeño Nathaly , Cedeño-Cuzme Cristhian Leonel , Molina-Menendez Eric Eduardo , Zambrano-Intriago Ramon Alexander
Published: April 2024

Climatic conditions and temperature levels often affect the infrastructure of photovoltaic systems, causing the scheduled generation to not be as expected. The objective was to design a monitoring system for an experimental 3.4 kWp photovoltaic plant that is located on the terrace of building 1 of the Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences of the Technical University of Manabí. An automation process was developed to optimize the performance of the installation, using an innovative perspective, the study determinedly faces the initial challenges associated with the software previously used for the design of a data storage system when incorporated into the institutional geoportal. The successful implementation of the Oxley Solar mobile application and, consequently, of the PZM-0043 module, emerges as a comprehensive solution that ensures the continuity of monitoring and contributes significantly to improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic system. The Oxley Solar app overcomes previous limitations by enabling efficient data extraction via Bluetooth and subsequent transmission via Wi-Fi, facilitating more effective storage. The result was the introduction of the PZM-0043 module that adds a layer of automation to the system, guaranteeing continuous data transmission to the database to be stored in the geoportal.
Enhancement of Antibacterial Activity from Chicken Head Protein Hydrolysate Using Dual-Enzyme Hydrolysis
Authors: Andiana Pramudya , Syahdan Moch. Geerhan Miraja , Utama Arif Hendra , Kasri Kasri , Al Awwaly Khothibul Umam , Manab Abdul
Published: April 2024

The chicken head is one of the by-products with a high protein content. Therefore, chicken heads can be used as raw materials to produce protein hydrolysates containing bioactive peptides that have biological activities, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. This research aimed to evaluate the use of the combined ratio of papain and bromelain enzymes to produce chicken head protein hydrolysate that has antibacterial activity. The research method used in this study was a laboratory experiment using a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and five replications. Statistical significance was done using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT). The inhibition zones of chicken head protein hydrolysate using a combination of papain enzymes against Lactobacillus casei, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhimurium were 1.72-2.68, 1.19-4.47, 0.93-1.45, 1.64-2.46, and 1.01-3.62 mm, respectively. The result showed that the highest antibacterial activities against Lactobacillus casei, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus were in A1 (hydrolysis using papain 75% and bromelain 25%), the highest antibacterial activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was in A3 (hydrolysis using papain 25% and bromelain 75%), and the highest antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhimurium was in A2 (hydrolysis using papain 50% and bromelain 50%). However, all the hydrolysate didn’t exhibit antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis. Chicken head protein hydrolysate had the potential to be an antibacterial agent against pathogenic bacteria.
Theoretical Foundations for the Formation of Regional Economic Policy in Domestic and Foreign Practice
Authors: Korobov S. A. , Melmont D. D.
Published: April 2024

Relevance. This article examines the theoretical foundations of the formation and development, as an independent discipline, of regional economic policy in the works of domestic and foreign practitioners who studied such aspects as economic geography, theories of interregional development and regulatory mechanisms. The author analyzes the ongoing regional economic policy during the Soviet period and identifies its positive and negative aspects. The theoretical basis of economic policies implemented in the regions turns out to be an indispensable source of information for researchers and politicians who not only seek to understand the characteristics of the economic situation in certain regions, but also to develop effective measures for their comprehensive development.

The purpose is to analyze domestic and foreign works in the field of regional economics, determine their significance for modern research, as well as identify factors influencing the development of economic indicators of the regions. Objectives: to reveal the essence of regional economic policy, to determine the degree of knowledge of regional economic policy in the works of domestic and foreign practitioners at the present stage and in past centuries.

Methodology. This work uses the method of theoretical analysis of the sources of the problem under study, the method of historical and logical analysis and assessment of the current situation. Results: the main goals of regional economic policy are formulated; the theoretical foundations of regional economic policy have been identified; the contribution of domestic and foreign scientists to the development of the regional economy was considered; an analysis of the periods in which research took place in the field of territorial and economic processes in Soviet practice was carried out; the key issues on which research in the field of regional economics in the USSR focused were identified; the author's positive aspects of regional economic policy during the Soviet period are presented; It has been determined that the concept of industrial policy is the theoretical basis of the regional economy.

Conclusions. Regional economics as a scientific discipline has made a huge contribution to the economic policy pursued in the regions, which has made it possible to increase the socio-economic indicators of the development of these territories.