bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BRAFV600E Induction in Thyrocytes Triggers Important Changes in the miRNAs Content and the Populations of Extracellular Vesicles Released in Thyroid Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Delcorte Ophélie , Spourquet Catherine , Lemoine Pascale , Degosserie Jonathan , Van Der Smissen Patrick , Dauguet Nicolas , Loriot Axelle , Knauf Jeffrey A. , Gatto Laurent , Marbaix Etienne , Fagin James A. , Pierreux Christophe E.
Published: March 2022

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy which diagnosis and recurrences still challenge clinicians. New perspectives to overcome those issues could come from the study of extracellular vesicles (EVs) populations and content. Here, we aimed to elucidate the heterogeneity of EVs circulating in tumor and the changes in their microRNA content during cancer progression. Using a mouse model expressing BRAFV600E, we isolated and characterized EVs from thyroid tissue by ultracentrifugations and elucidated their microRNA content by small RNA sequencing. Cellular origin of EVs was investigated by ExoView and that of deregulated EV-microRNA by qPCR on FACS-sorted cell populations. We found that PTC released more EVs bearing epithelial and immune markers, as compared to healthy thyroid, and that changes in EV-microRNAs abundance were mainly due to their deregulated expression in thyrocytes. Pathway analysis showed that the more abundant EV-microRNAs could impact on immune processes. Altogether, our work provides a full description of in vivo-derived EVs produced by, and within, normal and cancerous thyroid. We elucidated the global EV-microRNAs signature, the dynamic loading of microRNAs in EVs upon BRAFV600E induction, and their cellular origin. Thyroid tumor-derived EV-microRNAs could support the establishment of a permissive immune microenvironment.
Bibliometric Analysis of 2019-2021 Conference Proceedings Indexed in Scopus on “Artificial Intelligence and Energy”
Authors: Chigarev Boris
Published: March 2022

The article presents a bibliometric analysis of conference proceedings 2019-2021 indexed in Scopus and related to the topic "Artificial Intelligence and Energy". The relevance of the topic is considered in the context of the energy transition and the application of artificial intelligence for the rational use of energy resources. A comparative analysis of the publication activity of researchers from Russia, China, India, the United States, and Indonesia on the topic in question is given. Methodologically, the emphasis for determining the subject is not on the co-occurrence of keywords, but on the clustering of documents based on the thesis that the titles of publications most briefly and fully reveal the content of the publication and allow the subject specialist to do a relevant selection of publications necessary for their research. Two tools were used in this work: Carrot2 and Clustering App (CSV Explorer). It is shown that Russian researches are characterized by the tendency of prevailing engineering problems and insufficient attention is paid to environmental, economic and social problems of using AI in the energy sector. Studies from China and the United States are of the greatest informative interest, both in terms of the relevance of their topics and the actuality of their content. Studies from India and Indonesia are more general in nature; of interest are the efforts of these countries to engage in global scientific activities.
COVID-19 Diagnosis System using SimpNet Deep Model
Authors: Abdullah Tarza Hasan , Alizadeh Fattah , Abdullah Berivan Hasan
Published: March 2022

After the outbreak of COVID-19, immediately it converted from epidemic to pandemic. Radiologic images of CT and X-ray have been widely used to detect COVID-19 disease through observing infrahilar opacity in the lungs. Deep learning has gained popularity in diagnosing many health diseases including COVID-19 and its rapid spreading necessitates the adoption of deep learning in identifying COVID-19 cases. In this study, a deep learning model, based on some principles has been proposed for automatic detection of COVID-19 from X-ray images. The SimpNet architecture has been adopted in our study and trained with X-ray images. The model was evaluated on both binary (COVID-19 and No-findings) classification and multi-class (COVID-19, No-findings, and Pneumonia) classification tasks. Our model has achieved an accuracy value of 98.4% for binary and 93.8% for the multi-class classification. The number of parameters of our model is 11 Million parameters which are fewer than some state-of-the-art methods with achieving higher results.
Factoring in Scale Effect of Core Permeability at Reservoir Simulation Modeling
Authors: Putilov Ivan , Kozyrev Nikita , Demyanov Vasily , Krivoshchekov Sergey , Kochnev Alexandr
Published: March 2022

This paper presents approaches for qualitative and quantitative estimation of the scale effect for the plug (30 mm diameter) and full-diameter (100 mm diameter) core samples based on statistical methods and data analysis including student and Pearson’s tests, stepwise regression, correlations, and other statistical approaches.

Different methods were used to analyze carbonate cores from Elets reservoirs D3(el1) and D3(el3) located at Lambeyshorskoye field. The analysis has identified the core data scale effect. In the course of the study, a matrix of correction scale factors was constructed for the plug samples to reduce the scale effect. The work results open up the potential for using plug core samples on a par with full-diameter ones for addressing the problems of permeability array refinement for geologic (cells size 100×100 m) and dynamic models (cells size 50×50 or 25×25 m) and upscaling.
Mineral composition of wheat species as influenced by different fertilizer sources and different weed control practices
Authors: Bulut Sancar , Öztürk Ali , Yıldız Nesrin , Karaoğlu Mehmet Murat
Published: March 2022

This research was carried out to determine the effects of agronomic practices on the mineral composition of organically-grown wheat species. In terms of all nutrients evaluated, the mineral content of wheat showed significant differences according to crop years, varieties, weed control methods and fertilizer sources. As the average of all factors, the Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, Zn, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni and Pb contents of the ground wheat grain were; 3.93, 42.8, 79.6, 0.549, 11.34, 0.012, 0.140, 0.194, 3.71 and 0.269 mg / kg, respectively. According to the wheat varieties, the Kırik was superior in terms of Cu, Fe, Se, Zn, Co and Cr, and the Dogu-88 was superior in terms of Mn, Cd, and Ni. The effect of weed control methods on mineral content was variable. According to fertilizer sources, the highest mineral content was obtained from the control plots without fertilizer treatments. The lowest mineral contents were obtained from chemical fertilization, cattle manure and organic fertilizer applications. There was no significant increase in the mineral content of wheat with organic fertilization, however, organic agriculture still preserves its place in terms of healthy food. As a result, it has been determined that the values obtained for all mineral elements were not at a level that pose a risk on the environment, human and animal health according to WHO.
Exploration of urinary metabolite dynamicity for early detection of pregnancy in water buffaloes
Authors: Sarangi Archana , Ghosh Mayukh , Sangwan Suman , Kumar Rajesh , Balhara Sunesh , Phulia SK , Sharma RK , Sahu Subhasish , Kumar Sandeep , Mohanty AK , Balhara AK
Published: March 2022

Early and precise pregnancy diagnosis can reduce the calving interval by minimizing postpartum barren period. The present study explored the differential urinary metabolites between pregnant and non-pregnant Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) during early gestation to identify potential pregnancy detection biomarkers. Urine samples were collected on day 0, 10, 18, 35 and 42 of gestation from the pregnant and on day 0, 10 and 18 post-insemination from the non-pregnant animals. 1H-NMR-based untargeted metabolomics followed by multivariate analysis initially identified twenty-four differentially expressed metabolites, among them 3-Hydroxykynurenine, Anthranilate, Tyrosine and 5-Hydroxytryptophan depicted consistent trends and matched the selection criteria of potential biomarkers. Predictive ability of these individual biomarkers through ROC curve analyses yielded AUC values 0.6-0.8. Subsequently, a logistic regression model was constructed using the most suitable metabolite combination to improve the diagnostic accuracy. The combination of Anthranilate, 3-Hydroxykynurenine, and Tyrosine yielded the best AUC value of 0.804. Aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, Tryptophan metabolism, Phenylalanine and Tyrosine metabolism were identified as potential pathway modulations during early gestation. The identified biomarkers were either precursor or products of these metabolic pathways, thus justifying their relevance. The study facilitates precise non-invassive urinary metabolite-based pen-side early pregnancy diagnostics in buffaloes, eminently before 21 days post-insemination.
Enterovirus D68 infection in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection in China
Authors: Li Qi , Chen Xiangpeng , Ai Junhong , Li Lei , Li Changchong , Zhu Yun , Wang Ran , Duan Yali , Zhang Meng , Xie Zhengde
Published: March 2022

Background
EV-D68 infection related acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) attracts much attention since the outbreak in the USA in 2014. Notably, EV-D68 was detected from a child with acute flaccid paralysis for the first time in China in 2018.
Methods
Based on a multicentre study monitoring viral pathogens of acute lower respiratory tract infection in children in China from May 2017 to December 2019, 10 EV-D68 positive specimens were detected from 3071 samples.
Results
These 10 patients presented with mild diseases and no neurological symptoms and signs. The phylogenetic analysis shows that all 10 obtained sequences belong to subclade B3 which circulates dominantly at present all over the world and shares high identity with strains related to AFP in the USA. Moreover, four EV-D68 strains are successfully isolated and it is worth noting that the isolate in this study is able to infect “neuronal-like” cell line SH-SY5Y which was used to identify the neurotropism of enteroviruses. Further, amino acid and nucleotide sites related to neurovirulence were analyzed, but these analysis results are not enough to explain the ability of our strains to infect SH-SY5Y cells. This suggests that the EV-D68 isolate in China has potential neuropathic capacity.
Conclusions
In conclusion, EV-D68 infection was detected in a small number of children with acute lower respiratory tract infections in China from 2017 to 2019. The genotype of EV-D68 in this study is B3, which has the ability to infect “neuronal-like” cell line SH-SY5Y.
Predictors Of Successful Outcome Of Self-Proning And High Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy In Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Lababidi Hani , Daoud Bassem , Alghamdi Mohamad , Alhawdar Taher , Alhomoud Ahmed , Basardah Ahmed , Qasem Yasser , Yamani Mahmoud , Yasawy Moustafa , AlMaani Mohammad
Published: March 2022

Background: Proning improves oxygenation and outcome in intubated patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Awake self proning position (SPP) may lead to clinical improvement in COVID-19 cases with severe hypoxemia. We describe our experience of the impact of awake SPP with high flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) in COVID-19 patients on oxygenation and survival. Methods: A retrospective study of patients with moderate to severe ARDS due to COVID-19 pneumonia treated with SPP-HFNO admitted from May to July 2020 to ICU. The primary outcomes were avoidance of invasive or non-invasive ventilation or death. The secondary outcomes were improvement of oxygenation (SpO2), reduction in respiratory rate (RR), and/or reduction in heart rate (HR) after at least 30 minutes of SPP-HFNO. Results: A total of 110 ICU patients received SPP-HFNO and full data was available on 71 patients. The median age was 55 years with male predominance at 86%. The success group had lower APACHE II score (12.47 vs. 16.97, p<0.001), lower ICU-LOS (6.21 vs 13.19, p<0.001), higher pre and post SpO2 (90.64 vs 88.42, p=0.015 and 96.09 vs 93.22, p<0.001), and lower pre HR (91.03 vs. 99.08, p=0.04). The survival rate was much higher in HFNO & SPP successful group (97% vs. 51%, p<0.001). The significant covariates in the success group were lower APACHE II score (HR=0.91), lower WBC (HR=0.88), lower post-SPP RR (HR=1.40), and treatment with convalescent plasma (HR=2.33).Conclusion: Awake SPP-HFNO in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia is associated with improved oxygenation, reduced intubation rate, and improved survival.
Divergent Responses of Earthworms (Eisenia Foetida) in Sandy Loam and Clay Soils to Cerium Dioxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Chen Dun , Xu Wenxuan , Cao Shenglai , Xia Yan , Du Wenchao , Yin Ying , Guo Hongyan
Published: March 2022

The reported biological effects of cerium dioxide nanoparticles (nCeO2) in soils range from toxic to protective. However, divergences of nCeO2 toxicity in soils of different textures are not known. In this study, the availability of nCeO2 on earthworms (Eisenia foetida) in sandy loam soils and clay soils were discussed, and the biological effects of nCeO2 (0-1000 mg/kg) on earthworms in two soils were investigated. The results showed the bioaccumulation and biological effects of Ce on earthworms in the two soils were inconsistent. The BCR sequential extraction revealed that the major portions of Ce in both soils were in the residual form (98%-99%), and the acid-soluble Ce fraction were greater in clay soils. However, compared with clay soils, nCeO2 was more toxic to earthworms in sandy loam soils as assesses by earthworm biomass, morphology, and antioxidative damage. Thus, the high ecological risk of nCeO2 in sandy loam soils with higher pH and lower clay contents needs to be avoided, being used in agriculture to improve both crop yield and quality.
Theoretical Procedure and Empirical Models to Fast Estimate Seismic Ductility of HSC-HSSB Column Considering Buckling
Authors: Zhong Jian , Ni Ming , Su Junsheng
Published: March 2022

The collapse resistance of reinforced concrete (RC) columns with high-strength concrete and high strength steel bar (HSC-HSSB) considering the buckling effect of longitudinal bars is investigated. A theoretical procedure is proposed in this paper, which can convert the discrete longitudinal reinforcement and the two-dimensional fiber section into a uniform ‘steel ring’ and a one-dimensional model with the thickness information of each material. The variable interval integration approach is used to significantly improve the procedure efficiency, and accuracy of procedure is verified by the existed experimental data. On this basis, the massive data sample of collapse capacity considering buckling is efficiently obtained to propose an empirical mathematical model. Through this model, the influence of the crucial factors on collapse performance are further quantitatively analyzed, which would significantly facilitate the development of appropriate preliminary designs. The analysis results reflect that ultimate limit curvature and curvature ductility decrease when considering bar buckling (ϕuB), and the model quantitatively reflects this phenomenon is derived. The limit curvature without considering buckling (ϕu) is about twice as large as ϕuB, and with the increase of fco and fy, effect of buckling is becoming increasingly apparent.
CircWalk: A novel approach to predict CircRNA- Disease association based on heterogeneous network representation learning
Authors: Kouhsar Morteza , Kashaninia Esra , Mardani Behnam , Rabiee Hamid R.
Published: March 2022

Background: Several types of RNA in the cell are usually involved in biological processes with multiple functions. Generally, coding RNAs translate to proteins, and non-coding ones regulate this translation in the gene regulatory networks. Some single-strand RNAs can create a circular shape via the back splicing process and convert into a new type called circular RNA (circRNA). circRNAs are among the most important non-coding RNAs in the cell that involve multiple disorders. One of the key functions of circRNAs is to regulate the expression of other genes through sponging micro RNAs (miRNAs) in diseases. This mechanism, known as the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis, and additional information obtained from biological datasets can be used by computational approaches to predict novel associations between disease and circRNAs. Results: We applied multiple classifiers to validate the extracted features from the heterogeneous network and selected the best one based on some evaluation criteria. Then, the XGBoost is utilized in our pipeline to generate a novel approach, called CircWalk, to predict CircRNA-Disease associations. Our results demonstrate that CircWalk has reasonable accuracy and AUC compared with other state-of-the-art algorithms. We also use CircWalk to predict novel circRNAs associated with lung, gastric, and colorectal cancers as a case study. The results show that our approach can accurately predict novel circRNAs related to these diseases. Conclusions: In this study, considering the ceRNA hypothesis, we integrate multiple resources to construct a heterogeneous network from circRNAs, mRNAs, miRNAs, and diseases. Next, the DeepWalk algorithm is applied to the network to extract feature vectors for circRNAs and diseases. The extracted features are used to learn a classifier and generate a model to predict novel CircRNA-Disease associations. Our approach uses the concept of the ceRNA hypothesis and the miRNA sponge effect of circRNAs to predict their associations with diseases. Our results show that this outlook could help anticipate CircRNA-Disease associations more accurately.
Use Of Ulna Length To Predict Protective Lung Tidal Volume In Adult Egyptians
Authors: Marie Hosam Eldeen Mostafa , Refaie Bahaa Mohammed
Published: March 2022

Background: Ventilation with low tidal volume (VT) is advised for critically ill patients to protect against ventilator-induced lung injury and provide better clinical outcomes. Previous studies showed poor compliance with using height to predict the VT. Ulna length has been used successfully to predict protective low VT. Our study aims to evaluate the ability of ulna length measurement to predict accurate protective lung VT in Egyptian people in reference to their standing height. Methods: we included adult healthy volunteers with age ≥ 18 years in this study. The height of each subject was measured while standing upright against a wall. Then, the left ulna was measured with a measuring tape from the olecranon to the mid-point of the styloid process. From ulna length, height was estimated, and protective lung VT was calculated using predicted body weight (PBW). Results: We enrolled 102 participants in this study. The agreement between the calculated VT from standing height and ulna length was analyzed with Bland Altman analysis and showed a bias of (-5.7) ml, and limits of agreements (±1.96 SD) -91 ml to 76 ml. in females, When the calculated VT of ulna length was compared to PBW from height, the predicted mean tidal volume was 6.2 ml/kg (95% confidence interval CI 4.5-7.8 ml/kg). in males, by using ulna length, the predicted mean VT was 6.1 ml/kg (95% CI 4.8-7.4 ml/kg). Conclusion: Ulna length can be used to predict protective lung VT in Egyptian people when compared to their standing height.Trial registration: NCT04644458 ClinicalTrials.gov 09/26/2021
Genetic Diversity of CMV and ToMV Isolates in Tomato and Pepper Production Areas in Hakkari, Turkey
Authors: AKDURA Nevin , KILIÇ Handan ÇULAL
Published: March 2022

Background Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) and pepper (Capsicum anuum L.) are the host species for the Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV). This article aims to report the detection of serolocigally and molecularly and identification of genetic diversity these viruses in Hakkari province, Turkey.Methods and results A total of 184 leaf samples were collected from tomato and pepper plants that showed virus-like symptoms. Sample collection was carried out in Hakkari province in October, 2020. CMV and ToMV factors were investigated by Double Antibody Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (DAS-ELISA). DAS-ELISA test showed that 106 (57.60%) of the samples were infected with one or more viruses. For phylogenetic analyses, 10 samples which were positive for CMV and ToMV were tested using Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) method. Coat protein (CP) and replicase genes of Hakkari CMV and ToMV isolates were amplified by RT-PCR using specific primers. The resulting DNA sequences were deposited in NCBI GenBank (Accession Nos: OM286731, OM286732, OM286733, OM286734, OM418629). When the replicase and coat protein gene sequences of four ToMV isolates and one CMV isolate were compared with the isolates in GenBank, a nucleotide homology of 98.1-99.6% and 91.7-99.4% were found, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a strong similarity between Hakkari ToMV and CMV isolates and other Turkish isolates. Consistent with the molecular studies conducted in Turkey on CMV and ToMV, the isolates detected in this study also clustered in subgroup Ia. Conclusions With this study, CMV and ToMV factors were serologically and molecularly detected for the first time in Hakkari and the first nation-wide report for ToMV replicase sequences in infected tomato and peppers were submitted.
Measuring saccades can be a reliable, objective, sensitive and rapid way for cognitive impairment assessment
Authors: Wu Junru , Li Min , Ma Wenbo , Zhang Zhihao , Zhang Mingsha , Li Xuemei
Published: March 2022

Background and ObjectivesAmong the elderly, dementia is a common and disabling disorder with primary manifestations of cognitive impairments. Diagnosis and intervention in its early stages is the key to effective treatment. Practically, the test of cognitive function relies mainly on neuropsychological tests, such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Although these tests are widely used at the present, there are noticeable shortcomings, e.g., the biases of subjective judgments from physicians and the cost of the labor of these well-trained physicians. Thus, advanced and objective methods are urgently needed to evaluate cognitive functions. Accumulative evidence indicates that the saccades in certain tasks are highly correlated with the performance in some cognitive functions. However, only a few studies directly compared saccades with the performance in neuropsychological tests depicted by their scores. Thus, the reliability of using saccades as a behavioral biomarker to evaluate cognitive functions has rarely been explored. Methods310 subjects performed three sequential designed oculomotor tasks, pro-saccade (PS), anti-saccade (AS) and memory-guided saccade (MGS) and the saccadic parameters including error rate, saccadic reaction time and spatial error are studied.ResultsIn general, most saccadic parameters correlate well with the MMSE and MoCA scores. Moreover, some subjects with high MMSE and MoCA scores have very high error rates in performing these three tasks due to various errors in saccade control. The primary error types vary among tasks, indicating that different tasks assess certain specific brain functions preferentially. Thus, to improve the accuracy of evaluation through saccadic tasks, we built a weighted model to combine the saccadic parameters of the three saccadic tasks. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis shows that the discrimination between cognitive impairment patients and control subjects is better through the output of our model than the MMSE test. ConclusionMeasuring saccades in multiple tasks could be a reliable, objective and sensitive method to evaluate cognitive function and thus to help diagnosing cognitive impairments.
Portuguese Physical Literacy Assessment Questionnaire (PPLA-Q) for adolescents (15-18 years) from grades 10-12: validity and reliability evidence of the Psychological and Social modules using Mokken Scale Analysis
Authors: Mota João , Martins João , Onofre Marcos
Published: March 2022

Background
Aims of this study were to assess construct validity (dimensionality, measurement invariance, convergent and discriminant validity) and reliability of the previously developed Psychological and Social modules of the Portuguese Physical Literacy Assessment – Questionnaire (PPLA-Q).
Methods
Mokken Scale Analysis was used in a final sample of 508 Portuguese adolescents (Mage= 16, SD = 1 years) studying in public schools in Lisbon. A retest subsample of 73 students, collected 15 days after baseline, was used to calculate Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC).
Results
The 8 scales forming the 2 modules can be interpreted as moderate to strong Mokken scales with H coefficient ranging from .47 to .66; 4 of these scales had an interpretable Invariant Item Ordering (HT>.30). Results suggest that all scales function similarly in male and female adolescents, except for the Physical Regulation scale which has shown evidence of a sex bias. All scales had good total score reliability ρ > .80, ranging from .93 to .94; regarding test-retest reliability: 3 scales had moderate to excellent reliability (ICC95%CI lower bound ranging from .63 to .85. and upper bound from .84 to .95), with the remaining 5 scales presenting a large spread in estimated reliability likely due to change during COVID-19 lockdown. Scales score correlated as theoretically expected, with low to moderate across domain correlations providing support of convergent and discriminant validity.
Conclusions
Evidence supports the construct validity and score reliability of the psychological and social modules of the PPLA-Q to assess the psychological and social domains of Physical Literacy in the Portuguese PE context for grade 10–12 (15–18 years) adolescents. Further scrutiny of test-retest reliability is warranted in future research.
Molecular mechanism and effects of urocortin II on rat adventitial fibroblast calcification induced by calcified medium
Authors: Zhang Xusheng , Huang Zhanjun , Fan Xiaorong , Tan Xiaoqing , Lu Chengzhi , Yang Jianshe
Published: March 2022

The present study aimed to assess the role of urocortin II (UII) in the process of vascular calcification in vitro by using a calcification model, and to detect the changes in the mRNA and protein levels of associated markers in rat adventitial fibroblasts (AFs) during their phenotypic transformation to osteoblast cells, and clarify the main signal transduction pathway of UII responsible for regulating vascular calcification and AF phenotypic transformation of osteoblast cells and prove that UII was an endogenous factor promoting vascular calcification, so as to provide an effective experimental basis for the clinical regulation of related diseases caused by vascular calcification. Finally we successfully constructed the calcified cell model, found that UII was an endogenous substance regulating vascular calcification, regulated the vascular calcification by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting autophagy through up- and down-regulated Bax and Bcl-2/Beclin-1 level, and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was involved.
Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) derived exosomes with A promoted liver metastasis of pancreatic cancer by regulating C through transcription factor B
Authors: Tan Guang , Lin Zhikun , Luo Haifeng , Ning Zhen , Ma Chi , Du Jian
Published: March 2022

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) comprise the majority of the tumor bulk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs). Despite the long-standing recognition of the prominence of CAFs in PDAC, the effect of extracellular vesicles derived from CAFs on the liver metastasis of PDACs cells is not well characterized. The aim of this study was to determine whether specific derived from CAFs might be involved in liver metastasis in PDACs. We found that CAFs are intrinsically related with liver metastasis and thus the potential role of CAFs in PDACs was highlighted. Further, CAFs significantly increase the release of extracellular vesicles wit A and it caused increased liver metastasis. Advanced experiments demonstrated that, C, in recipient epithelial cells and promote proliferation, was up-regulated by A in EVs from CAFs. Besides, treatment of an inhibitor of A as well as an inhibitor of exosome release, GW4869, significantly reduces the activation of B, thus decreased the activity of C. Collectively, these findings show the potential for exosome inhibitors as treatment options for overcoming PDAC liver metastasis.
NUTRITION: A BOON TO HEALTHY EARLY CHILDHOOD
Authors:   Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of Nursing, Himalayan College of Nursing, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand., Haldar Pratiti , Viswanath Lekha ,   Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Himalayan College of Nursing, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand., Kumar Srivastava Ashok ,   Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand.
Published: March 2022

Food!! The word food itself holds a very important role in everyones lives. The food we eat gives us the needed energy to pursue our daily activities and gives us the necessary strength to help boost our immunity. The importance of an adequate nutrition for children below three years cannot be ignored or cut short. The early nutrition practices in a childs life decides, the how the latter years of life turn out. Therefore, it should be a fundamental right of a child to have good nutritional practices from day one. Exclusive breast feeding since very long has been emphasized upon by Governments of various countries, medical practitioners and other involved in maternal and child health sector. If a child gets exclusive breast feed for six months, experts believe that it helps a child to grow healthy and also contributes to overall development of the child. Healthy Nutritional practices play a vital role in health of children especially in children below three years. Healthy nutritional practices are like the steps of a ladder, the stronger the steps the better is the climb for the child. Mothers or the primary care givers are like poles of the ladder which holds the steps together. Therefore, educating a mother or primary care giver about healthy nutritional practices becomes utmost necessity for any society.
Parent and Teacher Collaboration in Home Education: Challenges, Opportunities, and Insights
Authors: Nanquil Luisito M.
Published: March 2022

The research aimed to analyze how parents and children dealt with home education as well as its effectiveness. On the so-called new normal, many impediments and disruptions came to the lives of stakeholders. Thousands of schools were forced to shut down due to financial constraints and/or issues. Parents had thought of finding an alternative way to continue with the schooling of their children. In the Philippines, a modular approach was introduced, representing the home education/schooling type of instruction. This was the purpose of the research. Five parents served as the participants of the research in which ethnography was used as its qualitative approach. It is found that homeschooling and education are proved to be responsive and relevant to many people due to tangible benefits and perks enjoyed by the learners and parents. On the other hand, parents and children also see and experience some challenges in doing the modules’ requirements. It is advised that parents, children (learners), and teachers need to work in collaboration for the successful outcomes of homeschooling. Another issue is how parents should perform an assessment with their children as learners. However, teachers should not only be there for online consultation. This method of teaching and learning is still in the process of adjustment, but soon people involved in this paradigm will realize its value and role in today’s global education and situation.
Acid-activated bentonite blended with sugarcane bagasse ash as low-cost adsorbents for removal of reactive red 198 dyes
Authors: Adane Teshale , Hailegiorgis Sintayehu Mekuria , Alemayehu Esayas
Published: March 2022

The present research work investigated the removal efficiency of acid-activated bentonite blended with a sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) adsorbent for the removal of reactive red 198 (RR198) from a synthetic dye solution. The effect of the adsorption parameters of bentonite on SCBA blending ratio, dye solution pH, adsorption contact, adsorbent dosage, and initial dye concentration was investigated, and the parameters were optimized for maximum RR198 removal from the synthetic dye solution. At an optimum condition of 1:1 bentonite to the SCBA blending ratio, a solution pH of 2, 3.7 g/L of adsorbent dosage, and 15 mg/L of initial dye concentration 150 min of adsorption time, the properties of adsorbents such as adsorbent specific surface area, crystalline phase structure, functional groups, and surface morphologies of the adsorbents were investigated. At optimum conditions, 97% RR198 removal efficiency of the adsorbent was achieved. In order to determine adsorption kinetics and isotherm models, different adsorption models were employed. It was observed that the adsorption of the RR198 dye into the acid-activated bentonite blended with the SCBA adsorbent was represented well by the Langmuir isotherm model and the adsorption kinetics order was found to be the pseudo-second order.
The Effect of Additional Childcare Roles on COVID-19 Symptom Knowledge Among Youth in South Africa
Authors: De Wet-Billings Nicole , Anyanzu Francis
Published: March 2022

Background:

As of March 2020, young people performed additional household responsibilities due to COVID-19 in South Africa. In particular, youth assisted with childcare since schools were closed. However, little is known of the impact of changing roles and additional responsibilities on young people’s ability to keep abreast of important information regarding the spread of the virus.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between additional childcare responsibilities and complete awareness of the knowledge of symptoms of COVID-19 among young people in South Africa.

Methods:

Using data from the South African National Income Dynamics CRAM Survey (wave 1), 710 (72.08%) young individuals (18-24 years old) who listed symptoms of COVID-19 were analysed. The study controlled for covariates as additional childcare responsibilities, demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents. Cross-tabulations and a binary logistic regression model were used to determine the relationship between covariates and the outcome of the knowledge of symptoms.

Results:

None of the respondents reported 100% knowledge of the symptoms of COVID-19 while 57.5% reported having additional childcare responsibilities. Among youth with additional childcare, 90.71% knew regarding approximately half (50%) of the symptoms. Finally, not having additional childcare roles increased the odds of knowing at least three symptoms of the coronavirus (OR= 2.36; CI: 1.227387 - 2.543323).

Conclusion:

Youth, especially those spending increasing time caring for children, need more access to information regarding the virus. This information is key to protecting themselves and the children in their care.
Fundraising in Education: Road Map to Involving Medical Educators in Fundraising
Authors: Jalali Alireza , Nyman Jacline A , Hamelin-Mitchell Elaine
Published: March 2022

Traditional funding models must change as governments decrease funding and often freeze tuition at a domestic level. As a result, universities face an increasing need to diversify their business models, including revenue streams. Therefore, interest in raising significant funds from other sources is stronger than ever, leading to the need for a fundraising approach that is more sophisticated. Medical educators and health professionals are some of the most trusted members of society, and with this paper, the authors aim to raise awareness of the critical role they play in helping universities with their global impact and fundraising efforts.
Biomarkers of iodine deficiency, methods of its prevention and treatment
Authors: Kaminsky O.V.
Published: March 2022

The review article focuses on the issue of iodine deficiency, which is very common in the world and leads to a significant number of health problems, including mental, intellectual, thyroid, and non-thyroid in all age groups. Today, in most countries, the introduction of iodine prevention has resulted in more than 60% of the population overcoming iodine deficiency disorders, but the only category of the population even in these countries that still has such a deficit is pregnant and breastfeeding women. At this time, Ukraine has failed programs to provide the population with sufficient iodine, national research on this problem has not been conducted for several decades, so since 2021, on the maps of iodine status, Ukraine is already listed as a “white spot”. Therefore, iodine prevention is becoming a problem for the population of our country, every resident who wants to be healthy and have healthy offspring, must do it yourself. The best way to overcome iodine deficiency pathology is the daily use of a combination of iodine, selenium in WHO recommended and vitamin D in individual doses, constantly throughout the year with periodic laboratory monitoring of TSH (a marker of thyroid function, including screening), thyroglobulin as an individual marker iodine deficiency, and vitamin D, a marker of wealth, which determines the state of the musculoskeletal and parathyroid systems. Several studies have shown that the use of excessive doses of iodine can increase the development of thyroid pathology, but not all of them have a perfect design that takes into account other factors of such pathology. Today in Ukraine, there is a drug that contains a combination of iodine (150 mcg) and selenium (75 mcg) for adults. This safe ratio in the recommended doses for people aged over 12 years is the most optimal for the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency pathology and conditions, is well established, popular among physicians and patients. Its simultaneous and long-term use with vitamin D preparations in individual doses over the years with periodic monitoring of laboratory parameters and ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland allows achieving in most cases these medical goals and objectives.
Measuring What You Test Testing What You Intend to Measure
Authors: Smith, PhD Wade
Published: March 2022

Public school teachers across America are supposed to differentiate instruction while simultaneously adhering to a highly scripted curriculum. Teachers routinely comment that they know they are teaching materials that are not retained, but they cannot adjust instruction due to the preset pacing of the curriculum. Adding to this problem is the expectation that teachers will stay on pace to prepare students for end-of-year exams. Understandably, these expectations are a significant contributor to stress incurred by teachers. This paper provides an analysis of these contradictions as well as suggesting a strategy for teachers to use that can provide for differentiated instruction while following highly scripted curriculum.
El trabajo de campo en el análisis de documentos indígenas de índole geográfica-histórica
Authors: Roskamp Hans
Published: March 2022

Los documentos indígenas (tanto pictografías como escritos alfabéticos) generalmente contienen una gran cantidad de referencias geográficas: poblaciones, cerros, ríos, caminos, etcétera. La correcta interpretación e identificación de estos elementos espaciales constituyen pasos elementales en el análisis del mencionado material. Sin olvidarnos de la historia (trabajo de archivo) y de la lingüística (análisis etimológicos), resulta de primordial importancia realizar trabajo de campo etnográfico y geográfico en la localidad o la región señalada en los documentos. En el presente escrito se pretende demostrar tanto los alcances como límites de este procedimiento, cuyo éxito depende de una amplia gama de factores como -por ejemplo- las continuidades y transformaciones en la ocupación del espacio y el uso de la(s) lengua(s), así como la existencia y naturaleza de una tradición oral relacionada con diversas características del paisaje. Las reflexiones se basan sobre todo en nuestras propias investigaciones realizadas en Michoacán pero también tocan varios trabajos relevantes efectuados por diversos colegas en el centro y sur de México. Los ejemplos utilizados constituyen una selección pequeña pero representativa de la muy amplia gama de información que se encuentra disponible.
Margarita Valdovinos Alba, Regina Lira Larios y Fernando Nava López. Grabaciones en cilindros de cera de los coras y los huicholes de México. Alemania: Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut / Secretaría de Educación Pública de México, 2013; 78 min.
Authors: Silva Cruz Ignacio
Published: March 2022

Grabadas entre 1905 y 1907 por el eximio investigador alemán Konrad Theodor Preuss, los cantos coras y huicholes nos remiten a los cantos sagrados que se decían en la antigüedad, sin embargo, cabe aclarar que hay una fuerte presencia de los rezos católicos en aquellos, en los cuales también podemos encontrar referencias a la tierra, al agua, a los distintos elementos de la naturaleza. Las voces distantes de los cantores que se hacen presentes en estas grabaciones viejas -mismas que fueron hechas en cilindros de cera, técnica antigua que dejó de utilizarse en 1929 con la llegada del gramófono- nos muestran el importante legado en artes verbales de los grupos mencionados. La selección realizada para la edición de este CD es muestra importante de los rituales que todavía se hacían entre estos grupos a principios del siglo XX. Una noticia que nos alegra y entusiasma es que estas grabaciones fueron entregadas a los ritualistas mara’kames en noviembre de 2014, tal vez descendientes de aquellos que grabaron sus voces en el lejano 1907. Tener estas grabaciones y escuchar aquellas voces significa extender la mano hacia el pasado, y desde el pasado hacia el presente, para poder conversar y entablar un diálogo entre humanos separados por el tiempo y el espacio.
Tres experiencias de educación comunitaria del patrimonio cultural
Authors: Guerrero García Juan José
Published: March 2022

El campo científico del patrimonio cultural tiene una responsabilidad inherente frente a la sociedad que es sujeto-objeto de estudio, además de financiadora de las actividades académicas. Los conocimientos deben regresar mediante experiencias educativas a quienes han producido la verdadera “cultura”.

La educación comunitaria del patrimonio cultural requiere del conocimiento de los pueblos, del manejo de los contenidos académicos y de un gran esfuerzo creativo que logre armonizar tiempos, recursos, saberes artísticos, científicos y artesanales. Sin embargo, nada es tan necesario como tener la firme intención de comunicarse con el otro.

En la presente charla trataremos sobre tres experiencias de educación comunitaria del patrimonio cultural: Proyecto INAH comunidad dirigido por Jaime Delgado (Zona Arqueológica de Teotihuacán), “La peregrinación de los tamemes en Tlatelolco” con el grupo Titereliches (CCU-Tlatelolco), y “El saber de las montañas” C.B.C San Juan Tlacoténco, Morelos.
Rosalí a Bacasehua Neva rez. Relatos verídicos de los warihó. México: Secretaría de Educación, Cultura y Deporte / Instituto Chihuahuense de Cultura / CONACULTA / PIALLI, s/f; 35:46 min
Authors: Romero Borja Mario Daniel
Published: March 2022

La sonoridad desprendida de la voz de Rosalía Bacasehua, en su disco de relatos Warihó de Chihuahua, permite al escucha envolverse por completo en cada historia. Esto es posible gracias a los ambientes que generan los lapsos musicales plasmados con los instrumentos y estilos propios de los Warihó, así como la atmósfera incidental que acompaña a cada una de las ocho historias incluidas en el disco. El material se encuentra en el idioma Warihó, lo que en una primera impresión parece una frontera para el escucha ajeno a estos sonidos; sin embargo, gracias a la riqueza sonora de cada relato compuesta por el timbre, las inflexiones, la música y los ambientes, tal frontera es reemplazada por un complejo imaginario producto de la interpretación de quien escucha con atención cada relato. La producción es un compendio sonoro valioso de los Warihó que plasma sus historias, su música y su paisaje sonoro. Por ello resulta preciso valorar y apreciar proyectos, como este, que traen al público la oportunidad de escuchar voces, palabras y sonidos propios de culturas mexicanas y únicas en el mundo.
Roberto Campos Velázquez. Sonidos símbolo. Una etnografía del calendario ceremonial de los huaves de San Mateo del Mar.
Authors: Avilés Velazquez Víctor Manuel
Published: March 2022

De todos los sonidos por los que deambulamos día a día solo algunos sobresalen del marco de lo cotidiano. Entre el ruido de coches, el murmullo de la calle y el estruendoso desliz de los transeúntes surge de pronto un sonido inusual: alguna marcha civil, un trovador de mercado, la música de alguna fiesta o cualquier otro que llama nuestra atención y del cual percibimos significados.

Estos ambientes sonoros cumplen funciones específicas dentro de las sociedades. Un ejemplo de ello, es el que el Mtro. Roberto Campos Velázquez expone sobre la comunidad huave de San Mateo del Mar, ubicada en la costa de Oaxaca. Su objeto de estudio dentro de esta comunidad está en la celebración de tres fiestas pertenecientes a su calendario ritual, dedicadas a San Mateo Apóstol, a la Virgen de la Candelaria y al Corpus Cristi. En ellas se desarrollan diversos niveles sonoros y rituales concretamente divididos y clasificados por el autor en tres categorías: expresiones localmente concebidas como musicales: canciones y piezas rituales; señales audibles concebidas como no musicales, ya sean toques de campanas, matracas, clarines, pirotecnia u otros; y por último, expresiones verbales: discursos o parlamentos y vocalizaciones onomatopéyicas.

Uno de los objetivos principales buscado por Roberto luego de analizar estos hechos sonoros es mostrar el conocimiento social, histórico y mítico que los huaves poseen y transmiten a través de todos los campos sonoros en cada celebración, pues, citando sus palabras: “Las fiestas y las ceremonias huaves ofrecen esos contextos sociales de producción y escucha en los que se pregunta y se aprende”.

Como complemento, no bastando el papel y la letra, para que el lector comprenda cabalmente su estudio, Roberto Campos incluye en su libro una tarjeta USB, en la cual se encuentran los materiales sonoros y visuales que abarcan: piezas musicales, grabaciones de lluvia y rayos, rezos y cantos de los diversos momentos rituales, danzas, campanas, etc., seccionados en carpetas o dispuestos en una ingeniosa animación que muestra el calendario ritual huave y todos los campos sonoros y visuales correspondientes a cada festividad. Es, pues, un libro que logra dar

al lector una experiencia completa de la sonoridad de San Mateo del mar, sus significados y estructuras.
Parícutin: al otro lado
Authors: Sotelo Chávez Leonardo David
Published: March 2022

Serie de fotografías obtenidas durante el trabajo de campo hecho en el marco del proyecto audiovisual de investigación "Parícutin: al otro lado", realizado por el Instituto de Geofísica Unidad Michoacán (IGUM) y el Laboratorio Nacional de Materiales Orales (LANMO).
De nahuales y otros relatos en la tradición oral de la comunidad de Jicaltepec, Mixteca de la Costa oaxaqueña
Authors: López Castro Dagoberto
Published: March 2022

El profesor Tomás García Mendoza narra algunos de los relatos presentes en la tradición oral de la comunidad de Santa María Jicaltepec, municipio de Pinotepa Nacional, región de la Costa Chica de Oaxaca. Las historias versan sobre los nahuales, los compadres que se convirtieron en piedras y algunos espacios del encanto que los pobladores conservan en su narrativa oral.