bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Etika komunikasi dakwah: Studi terhadap video kajian Ustaz Abdul Somad tentang K-Pop dan Salib
Authors: Rosyada Amrina
Published: December 2020

Ustaz Abdul Somad kembali menjadi sorotan khalayak karena dakwahnya yang kontroversial. Pada akhir Agustus 2019, video ceramah Ustaz Abdul Somad yang diunggah pada tahun 2016 yang berjudul “Hukum Melihat Salib” sempat viral di media sosial karena dianggap mengandung unsur Suku, Agama, Ras, dan Antargolongan (SARA). Video pendek yang berisi jawaban Ustaz Abdul Somad atas pertanyaan jamaah, mengandung konten yang menyinggung tentang salib sehingga menimbulkan respon negatif dari umat nonmuslim. Selain itu, ada video ceramah lain yang berjudul “Hukum Menonton Film Korea” yang juga menimbulkan respon negative bagi para penggemar KPop atau KPopers. Tulisan ini fokus pada bagaimana etika komunikasi dakwah Ustaz Abdul Somad yang dibangun berdasarkan perspektif Al Quran. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif. Subjek penelitiannya adalah dua video ceramah Ustaz Abdul Somad yang berjudul “Hukum menonton Film Korea” dan “Hukum Melihat Salib”. Sementara objek penelitian ini ialah retorika Ustaz Abdul Somad dalam video-video tersebut. Hasilnya, ceramah dalam kedua video tersebut mengandung prinsip etika komunikasi dalam Al Quran, dengan catatan ceramah tersebut dilakukan pada kelompok terbatas. Etika Al Quran yang dimaksud adalah prinsip bicara tegas dan jujur. Namun, jika dalam konteks media sosial yang bersifat general atau umum, maka pesan dakwahnya tidak sesuai dengan salah satu kode etik dakwah serta dinilai tidak efektif.

 

Ustaz Abdul Somad returned to the media spotlight because of his preaching that triggered a negative response by other groups. At the end of August 2019, Ustaz Abdul Somad's video lecture uploaded in 2016 entitled "Hukum Melihat Salib" was viral on social media because it was considered to contain SARA elements. In the video footage, there is content that is offensive about the cross, giving rise to negative responses from non-Muslim communities. In addition, the lecture video entitled "Hukum Menonton Film Korea" also caused a negative response for KPopers. Therefore, this paper focuses on how the ethics of Ustaz Abdul Somad's missionary communication are built on the perspective of the Qur'an. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach. His research subjects used Ustaz Abdul Somad's video lecture entitled "Hukum Menonton Film Korea" and "Hukum Melihat Salib". While the object of this research is the rhetoric of Ustad Abdul Somad in the videos. As a result, both videos contain ethical principles of communication in the Koran, if the lecture is aimed at a particular group. Unlike the case in social media that is universal (anyone, anytime and anywhere can be accessed), then the message of preaching is not following one of the preaching code of ethics and has not been effective.
Social media utilization in Covid-19 epoch: Virtual da’wah-ramadan lectures in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Sule Muhammad Maga
Published: December 2020

Social media have become part of the individual and public lifestyles of Muslims globally. The paper examined the utilization of social media platform such as Facebook and YouTube as an available option to conduct Virtual Da’wah Ramadan lectures on the commentary of the Glorious Qur’an and Ta’aleem in Northern Nigeria and this was done with the sampled of scholars from the three zones in Northern Nigeria, i.e. North-West, North-Central and North-East. The paper adopts the use of secondary data as method of data collection where In-depth survey of the various pages/channels on social media and participant observation to obtain data. The researchers purposively sampled nine scholars for the study and survey was carried out on their various social media pages/channels to ascertain their level of utilization of the technology during the COVID-19 period to teach their followers with the restriction of movement and gathering in places of worship in Nigeria.  Some of the findings of the study revealed that the sampled Muslims scholars finds it convenient to present live programme of their teachings virtually and post video and audio of their Virtual Da’wah Ramadan lectures on the commentary of the Glorious Qur’an and Ta’aleem social media. The research paper concludes Muslim scholars to continue with the utilization of the social media platforms even after the Ramadan and Post-COVID-19 pandemic in carrying out their day to day virtual teachings so that other audience who are not close to their Masjid will benefit from their lectures on the various teachings of Islam.
Implementasi Fisher Yates Shuffle dan Non Player Character pada Permainan Tembak Setan
Authors: Ibrahim Riswan
Published: December 2020

Kebanyakan orang berpendapat bahwa bermain game itu merupakan hal yang negatif dan tidak menghasilkan hal yang positif. Tentunya pada sisi orang tua kebiasaan bermain game pada anak sangat dikhawatirkan dan akan menyebabkan dampak negatif terhadap perkembangan si anak. Tapi tidak sepenuhnya game memberi dampak negatif masih banyak sisi positif yang dapat diambil. Hal positif tersebut antara lain game dapat membantu keterampilan motorik mengembangkan keterampilan sosial, mendorong kreatifitas, dan melatih logika serta kecerdasan dalam menghadapi suatu masalah di dalam game yang nantinya juga bisa dilakukan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Dalam hal ini contohnya adalah game Tembak Setan yang mampu melatih ketangkasan dalam menembak setan pada layer yang sudah ditentukan. Setan tersebut masuk ke dalam Non Playable Character dan pemain yang sesungguhnya adalah kita yang mengontrol bidikan untuk membidik setan yang keluar. Kemunculan tersebut haruslah acak baik jenis musuh maupun tempat keluarnya musuh agar pemain tidak bosan dan dapat melatih ketangkasan karena tingginya tingkat kesulitan suatu game. Metode yang digunakan dalam penentuan munculnya Non Playable Character adalah Algoritma Fisher-Yates Shuffle yang menerapkan sistem pengacakan berdasarkan indeks dari sebuah record array. Berdasarkan pengujian Algoritma Fisher-Yates Shuffle pada game Tembak Setan, hasil yang didapat adalah kemunculan setan yang acak dari berbagai posisi dan jenis yang berbeda-beda dengan sangat baik daripada sebelumnya yang tanpa penggunaan algoritma tersebut.
Casing vibration signal characteristic extractions and applications in rolling bearing
Authors: Qiao Baodong , An Zhongyan , Yu Mingyue , Qiang Gao
Published: December 2020

A method of combining autocorrelation function with cyclostationary theory and Hilbert envelope analysis is proposed and applied to extract characteristic frequency of rolling bearing. Meanwhile, mean power ratio is calculated and used to identify the fault types of aero-engine rolling bearing based on single-channel casing vibration signal. To verify the effectiveness of proposed method, a comparing analysis is carried out between traditional studies and proposed new method. Furthermore, the influences on the extraction of characteristics and calculation of mean power ratio are taken into account, including the ones of sensor installation position, fault types, type of experiment rigs, failure mode and rotational speed of rolling bearing. The result shows that the proposed method can diagnose running conditions and identify fault types of rolling bearing accurately and effectively just by single-channel casing vibration signal.
Experimental evaluation of the effectiveness of the adsorbent Bayoxide E33 in removing micropollutants from water
Authors: Lukášová D. , Biela R. , Gottwald M. , Konečný J.
Published: December 2020

Micropollutants in the environment are still a topical issue in the field of water management at present. Since micropollutants in water can be harmful not only to the environment but also to humans, new technologies are constantly being tested to eliminate them. Standard treatment technologies for removing micropollutants from water include adsorption, advanced oxidation processes and membrane processes. For the experimental determination of the efficiency of the adsorbent Bayoxide E33, selected micropollutants were removed by adsorption. Micro-pollution removal efficiency was compared in removing three micropollutants, namely a metal, pharmaceutical and pesticide. The removal of the metal through the Bayoxide E33 material was successful, while the pharmaceutical and pesticide were not removed because of the occurrence of slight desorption during removal.
Syn jako rozdarta zasłona. Misteria Jezusa w ujęciu J. Ratzingera–Benedykta XVI
Authors: Szymik Jerzy
Published: December 2020

Kwestią objawienia prawdy o Bogu przez Wcielonego Syna zajmowało się w dziejach chrześcijaństwa wielu teologów. Ale prezentowane tu tezy J.Ratzingera/Benedykta XVI – Ojciec widziany dzięki "rozdarciu zasłony" Syna - interpretowane w aspekcie wyzwań teologiczno-kulturowych najnowszych, są oryginalne i wyjątkowe na tle teologii systematycznej ostatnich stu lat. Poznanie teologiczne jest tu metodologicznie ściśle wiązane z naśladowaniem Jezusa. Akcentuje nierozerwalną i wzajemną zależność naukowej teologii z chrześcijańską praxis, chrystologicznej hermeneutyki z egzystencjalną postawą wiary. Intelektualne i duchowe zrozumienie tajemnicy Jezusa zależy od zażyłości z Nim i na tej drodze rośnie: tylko Syn może pokazać Ojca, ponieważ Go zna w sposób, który definiuje Jego egzystencję jako Syna. Wewnątrztrynitarna rozmowa z Ojcem – modlitwa Syna, Jego synostwo-posłuszeństwo znajduje w historii swój cielesny wyraz, a człowieczeństwo Jezusa, którego kulminacją staje się krzyż, pozostaje Jego modlitwą. Ziemskie życie i Pascha Jezusa wprowadza w ludzkie, niejasne pojęcie Boga doświadczenie miłującego Ojca, czyniąc tym samym bieg dziejów definitywnie sensownym i spełnionym, a wiarę zasadną.
Rodzina i religia w czasie pandemii. Raport z ogólnopolskich badań socjologicznych PPPIW wśród młodzieży akademickiej w 2020 roku
Authors: Zaręba Sławomir Henryk , Choczyński Marcin
Published: December 2020

Zespół badawczy Polskiego Pomiaru Postaw i Wartości (PPPiW), skladający się z pracowników naukowych Instytutu Nauk Socjologicznych UKSW, przeprowadził w okresie kwiecień-czerwiec 2020 ogólnopolskie badanie socjologiczne młodzieży akademickiej dotyczące wzajemnych uwarunkowań rodziny, religii oraz pandemii. Niniejszy tekst przybliża czytelnikom wybrane dane uzyskane w trakcie badania i stanowi raport z przeprowadzonego procesu badawczego.
Synthesis of Acid Free Benzaldehyde by Highly Selective Oxidation of
Benzyl Alcohol Over Recyclable Supported Palladium Catalyst
Authors: Antony Annam Renita , Salla Sunitha , Duraikannu Shanthana Lakshmi
Published: December 2020

Aim and Objectives:

This research work deals with the highly selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol to
benzaldehyde by palladium doped graphene oxide catalyst which was synthesized by a modified Hummer’s method. The
effect of reaction parameters like temperature, time and catalyst loading were studied. It was found that fine tuning of
reaction temperature and presence of small amount of benzyl alcohol in product prevents undesirable formation of benzoic
acid crystals which forms on auto oxidation of benzaldehyde. Benzoic acid or substituted benzoic acid formation was
hindered by the presence of < 2% benzyl alcohol at a reaction temperature of 50˚C which was further supported by
palladium doped graphene oxide catalyst.

Materials and Methods:

Modified Hummer’s method was used for the synthesis of graphene oxide and palladium doped
graphene oxide was synthesized by insitu method in which graphene oxide dispersed in 20mL of distilled water was
ultrasonicated for 2h. Palladium solution was added and it was further ultrasonicated for 30min for homogeneous deposition
of palladium on graphene oxide support. To this, 2 mL of sodium borohydride solution was added and stirred at room
temperature for 4h. The resulting solution was centrifuged and the residue was dried at 60°C for 12 h.

Results:

The morphological characteristics and the functional groups of supported catalyst were characterized by X-ray
diffraction, Field emission scanning spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the produced benzaldehyde
was characterized by gas chromatography.

Conclusion:

PdGO catalyst was prepared using sodium borohydride as a reducing agent by modified Hummer’s method and
utilized for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde. A maximum conversion of 89% and selectivity of 99% was
obtained and the catalyst could be reused upto five times without any compromise on conversion and selectivity.
A Quality by Design Approach of Metronidazole Bigel and Assessment of Antimicrobial Study Utilizing Box-behnken Design
Authors: Roy Harekrishna , Maddela Sudhir , Munagala Alekhya , Rahaman Shaik Abdul , Nandi Sisir
Published: December 2020

Objective:

The present investigation aimed to prepare metronidazole (MTZ) topical bigel for the effective
delivery of MTZ and to study the effect of used variables as per statistical design. The study also signifies the
implementation of the statistical method using the Quality by Design technique for MTZ bigel.

Methods:

The MTZ bigels were prepared as per the runs suggested by Box Behnken design (BBD)
using statistical software. A total of 28 runs were suggested by the BBD, considering sodium
carboxymethylcellulose (Na CMC), guar gum, hydrogel and RPM as independent variables. The
prepared bigels were evaluated for organoleptic properties, percentage drug content, spreadability,
viscosity, percentage in-vitro drug release, and antimicrobial efficacy. Model selectivity was
ascertained by p-value considering responses along with predicted R2 and adjusted R2 values.The
fitting of model was ascertained by F-value as well as “lack of fit” was carried out to find out the
suitability of the experimental design. Furthermore, the characteristic distribution of data was
ascertained by the “normal plot of residual” method. The compatibility of MTZ and excipients in
bigels was confirmed by FTIR and the crystalline nature of MTZ in formulations was studied by
DSC and XRD studies. Furthermore, the dispersion of bigel was assessed by the SEM study.

Results:

The effect of independent variables on spreadability (mm), viscosity (cp), pH, drug
release in 6 hours (%)and drug content (%) was evaluated. The optimized formulation was selected
and evaluated by a polynomial equation while considering the p-value. These variables showed a
significant effect on responses. A less significant difference was observed (6.37, 14463, 6.97, 86.29,
and 67.47, respectively, for spreadability, viscosity, pH, and percentage drug release and % drug
content) between the observed and predicted values indicating the model’s suitability. The prepared
bigels were found to be compatible and globules uniformly dispersed throughout the bigel.

Conclusion:

The 3D response surface design ascertained the optimal MTZ bigel at 1.25g of
NaCMC, 0.5g of guargum, 37.5g hydrogel, and 1000 RPM. The selected bigel showed good
antimicrobial efficacy against S. Aureus and may be considered an effective delivery vehicle for
MTZ.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Neurotoxicity
Authors: Zhao Zhiyi , Zhang Chunlin , Zhou Lian , Dong Pan , Shi Lei
Published: December 2020

:

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have recently been used as a promising treatment
for cancer, while their toxicity and immune-related side effects can be seen in any organ, including
the nervous system. In contrast to other immune-related adverse events (irAEs), neurological irAEs
(nAEs) are rare, with varying incidence and symptom complexity. Although nAEs are uncommon,
they can sometimes be severe and even lead to death. However, little attention has been paid to
nAEs, and the literature is mostly clinical reports with only a few cases. We, therefore, conducted
the present review with the aim of providing a comprehensive introduction of nAEs. In this review,
we summarized various nAEs, including meningitis, encephalitis, and hypophysitis in the central
nervous system, and myositis, myasthenia gravis, and peripheral neuropathies in the peripheral
system. We also reviewed the current diagnosis and treatment methods for nAEs commonly used in
clinical practice. In addition, we discussed potential mechanisms regarding nAEs and proposed the
possible approaches to prevent the risk of nAEs in patients treated with ICIs. There is still a lot to
learn, such as whether and why patients with nAEs respond better to ICI-therapy. The mechanisms
and significance of nAEs need to be fully clarified to address these issues and optimize the treatment
strategy.
Contactless Core-temperature Monitoring by Infrared Thermal Sensor using Mean Absolute Error Analysis
Authors: Malallah Fahad Layth , Shareef Baraa T. , Saeed Mustafah Ghanem , Yasen Khaled N.
Published: December 2020

Aims and Objectives:

Usually, the increase in temperature of an individual indicates the
possibility of being infected with a disease that might be risky to other people, such as coronavirus.
Traditional techniques for monitoring body core-temperature require body contact either by oral,
rectum, axillary, or tympanic means, which are unfortunately considered intrusive in nature as well
as causes of contagion. Therefore, sensing human core-temperature non-intrusively and remotely is
the objective of this research.

Background:

Nowadays, increasing the level of medical sectors is a necessary target for research
operations, especially the development of integrated circuits, sensors, and cameras, to make life
easier.

Methods:

The solution is proposed as an embedded system consisting of the Arduino microcontroller,
which is trained with a model of Mean Absolute Error (MAE) analysis for predicting Contactless
Core-Temperature (CCT), which is the actual body temperature.

Results:

The Arduino microcontroller was connected to an Infrared-Thermal sensor named
MLX90614 as an input signal and was connected to the LCD to display the CCT. To evaluate the
proposed system, experiments were conducted on 31 subjects, and contactless temperature from the
three face sub-regions was sensed, including forehead, nose, and cheek.

Conclusion:

Experimental results demonstrated that CCT could be measured remotely from the
human face, including three face sub-regions, among which the forehead region should be preferred
(a smallest error rate of 2.3%), rather than nose and cheek regions (2.6 % and 3.2% error
rate, respectively) for CCT measurement due to the lowest error rates achieved.
Intrathecal Administration of Melatonin Ameliorates the Neuroinflammation- Mediated Sensory and Motor Dysfunction in A Rat Model of Compression Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Fakhri Sajad , Kiani Amir , Jalili Cyrus , Abbaszadeh Fatemeh , Piri Sana , Farzaei Mohammad H. , Rastegari-Pouyani Mohsen , Mohammadi-Noori Ehsan , Khan Haroon
Published: December 2020

Background:

Spinal cord injury (SCI), often characterized by sensory-motor dysfunction,
is a major debilitating disorder of the central nervous system. As no useful treatment for post-
SCI complications has been approved thus far, finding novel treatments is of great importance.

Objective:

Considering the promising effects of melatonin (MEL) against destructive mechanisms
in other models of brain damage, in the current study, we evaluated its ameliorative effects on sensory-
motor outcomes, inflammatory mediators, histological changes and other post-SCI complications.

Methods:

Rats in SCI and MEL groups underwent laminectomy followed by a severe compression
injury by an aneurysm clip. Then, intrathecal treatment with vehicle (5% dimethyl sulfoxide) or
MEL was carried out post-injury. Acetone drop, von Frey, inclined plane, and BBB tests as well as
weight changes and auricle temperature, were used to evaluate the neuropathic pain, motor function,
and other post-SCI complications. The effects of MEL on the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9
were assessed using the gelatin zymography method every week till day 28 post-SCI. Histopathological
assessments were performed on days 14, 21, and 28.

Results:

MEL treatment resulted in decreased motor dysfunction, mechanical and cold allodynia,
auricle temperature, and also ameliorated weight loss. Moreover, MEL suppressed MMP-9 activity
while increasing that of MMP-2 post-SCI, indicating its anti-neuroinflammatory effects. Also,
MEL significantly preserved white matter myelinated areas and the number of sensory neurons
post-SCI.

Conclusion:

The results suggest MEL as a promising candidate for medical therapies with advantageous
effects on improving functional recovery through suppressing inflammatory mediators, and
attenuating spinal tissue damages.
Design and Analysis of Improved Dynamic Source Routing Protocol in
Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network
Authors: Sinha Madhavi , Kumar Ankit
Published: December 2020

Background and Objective:

The present issues faced by the transport systems include
enormous traffic jams and congestion, unexpected road accidents, unwanted time delays, pedestrians'
crossings on main roads, wastage of fuel, and many more. ITS and some other technologies
work together to overcome such factors contributing to a much more desirable transport system.
This paper aims to identify the security measures that could increase the security of the routing
protocol and improve the performance of the DSR routing protocol. If the number of establishing
links is frequently broken, then the performance of the DSR routing protocol is not very good. A
new modified DSR algorithm has been designed that would help in reducing the network overhead
and increase the network quality. A comparison between the performances of both algorithms has
also been studied, and the results show that improved DSR routing protocol has better efficiency in
parameters like end-to-end network load delays and packet delivery ratio.

Methods & Materials:

The paper mainly focuses on securing the Dynamic Source routing algorithm
by designing its modified version and simulating it. We have Proposed Modified DSR and
discussed so far that the basic functionality of the DSR algorithm, its advantages and disadvantages.
The main drawbacks include the end-to-end Delay, network overhead and packet delivery
ratio. Following is a modified version of the dynamic source routing algorithm, which tries to
overcome all the limitations of the basic algorithm at a certain level. In the Dynamic Source Routing
algorithm, the Route Maintenance phase is used for the successful propagation of the packet
within the network. The nodes that are involved in the transmission acknowledge the receiving of
the packet to the preceding node.

Results and Discussion:

The present study aims at modifying the existing algorithm and designing
a new modified algorithm that has less routing overhead, less Delay in packet transmission and
high network quality. Modified DSR routing algorithm is examined on the parameters like E-2-E
delay, Normalize Routing Overhead, PDR. When we compare the performance of the proposed
method with the Existing protocol AODV, and DSR at a number of nodes equal to 50 then we get
the Proposed DSR, which has the least end-to-end Delay among all the three protocols.

Conclusion:

In this paper, acomparison of Exiting DSR and Modified DSR in terms of end-to-end
Delay, routing load and packet delivery ratio is made. After studying the readings, the conclusion
drawn was that there is less network overhead and a high delivery ratio in modified DSR as compared
to the existing DSR algorithm. The corrupted and destroyed packets are detected by the receiver,
and in DSR, the mobility of mobile nodes is moderate. Under certain conditions, bidirectional
and unidirectional links can be accepted. DSR routing protocols are highly dependent on the
parameters such as area size, packet size, packet type, and others.
Predicting Buying Behavior using CPT+: A Case Study of an E-commerce
Company
Authors: Da Nguyen Thon , Hanh Tan , Thanh Ho Trung
Published: December 2020

:

Recently, predicting the buying behaviour of customers on e-commerce websites is a
very critical issue in business management. This could help merchants understand the tendencies
of consumers in choosing and buying products. It has become increasingly common these days that
predicting buying behaviour on online systems. Although this is a challenging task, it is an exciting
and hot topic for researchers. This article intends to be proposed as a predictive model for buying
behaviour on online systems. This model may be represented as a two-stage process. First, a
sequence database is built from a shopping cart. Second, the prediction will be performed by using
the CPT+, which is an improved model of CPT (Compact Prediction Tree)). The main contribution
of this paper is that we proposed a solution for predicting buying behaviour in the e-commerce
context (a case study of an e-commerce company). The core prediction is mainly based on
sequence prediction, in particularly, CPT+ (Compact Prediction Tree).
DEVELOPING AND VALIDATING EFL READING TEST
Authors:   SMAK Santo Albertus Malang, Novendi Perkasa Anugrah
Published: December 2020

EFL students need to learn about reading comprehension because, it is one of the essential abilities in learning English. To measure the students reading comprehension, a reading test is needed. Nevertheless, many students find difficulties in working the reading test. It happens because the reading tests which are given by teachers who do not analyze item difficulty, discrimination, distractor, and reliability. Those analyses are needed to prove that the reading test has met criteria of good tests. Criteria of good tests are needed in making the reading test because the reading test is used for measuring the achievement of EFL students. This study purposes at developing the reading test based on Indonesia National Curriculum basic competence, learning indicators, English lessons, and it examines to meet the criteria of good test. The researcher adapted Borg and Gall's (1983) theory in developing the reading test.
Engaging Blind Student in English Translation Class: A Report on Differentiated Instruction Implementation
Authors:   Faculty of Cultural Studies, Universitas Brawijaya, Perkasa Bimantoro Braja , Poetri Lintangsari Alies ,   Faculty of Cultural Studies, Universitas Brawijaya, Wulandari Destina ,   Faculty of Cultural Studies, Universitas Brawijaya
Published: December 2020

English Language Teaching practices in Indonesia have challenged the diversity including cultural background, values, customs, beliefs as well as the disability. As Indonesia ratified CRPD (Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities) and passed the Education ministry number 46 of 2017 about special support for students with special needs, the inclusion of students with disability in higher education is increasing. Implementing differentiated instruction for Inclusive education in English language teaching practices is one of the strategies to fulfill and accommodate students with special needs. This research aims at reporting the implementation of differentiated instruction to increase the engagement of students with visual disabilities in learning English in mainstream class. The participant is a totally blind student who attended English translation class. Employing the qualitative research design, this research documented the differentiated instruction implementation by observation and interview. Implication and recommendation are postulated as resourceful insight to encourage inclusive ELT practices.
Pengaruh Perbandingan Tepung Terigu dengan Tepung Ubi Jalar Ungu dan Penambahan Xanthan Gum Terhadap Mutu Donat
Authors:   Universitas Sumatera Utara, Amelia Riska , Julianti Elisa ,   Universitas Sumatera Utara, Nurminah Mimi ,   Universitas Sumatera Utara
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan tepung terigu dengan tepung ubi jalar ungu dan penambahan xanthan gum terhadap mutu donat, dan untuk mendapatkan formula donat dengan campuran tepung terigu dengan tepung ubi jalar ungu dan penambahan xanthan gum yang dapat diterima oleh konsumen. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 2 faktor; pertama yaitu perbandingan tepung terigu dengan tepung ubi jalar ungu (P): P1= 100%:0%, P2= 90%:10%, P3= 80%:20%, P3=70%:30% dan P5= 60%:40%. Faktor kedua yaitu xanthan gum (G): G1= 0%, G2= 0.25%, G3= 0.5%. Perbandingan tepung terigu dengan tepung ubi jalar ungu memberikan pengaruh berbeda sangat nyata terhadap kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein, volume pengembangan, indeks warna, organoleptik warna, organoleptik rasa, organoleptik tekstur, deformasi, hardness, gumminess, dan springiness. Penambahan xanthan gum memberikan pengaruh berbeda sangat nyata terhadap kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein, kadar lemak, volume pengembangan, indeks warna, organoleptik warna, organoleptik aroma, organoleptik rasa, organoleptik tekstur, deformasi, hardness, gumminess, dan springiness. Komposisi donat terbaik adalah perlakuan perbandingan tepung terigu dengan tepung ubi jalar ungu 80%:20% dan penambahan xanthan gum 0.5% yang memiliki antosianin sebesar 238.5 mg/100g.
Aplikasi Smart Nutrition Box dalam Identifikasi Kehilangan Zat Gizi (Loss of Nutrition) pada Limbah Makanan Kantin
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Nur’aini Nabila , Widyadhana Dhea Rahma ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Bihanda Yusuf Gladiensyah ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Sari Yuita Arum ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Maligan Jaya Mahar ,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: December 2020

Kantin memiliki peran penting sebagai salah satu penyedia layanan konsumsi yaitu dengan menjual makanan yang dibutuhkan untuk pemenuhan zat gizi tersebut. Namun, perubahan budaya dan gaya hidup menimbulkan permasalahan baru terutama mengenai limbah makanan. Diperkirakan jumlah limbah makanan mencapai 1,3 Giga ton per tahun. Selain berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan, limbah makanan juga menandakan adanya sejumlah gizi yang terbuang dan tidak terkonsumsi oleh tubuh. Evaluasi gizi melalui sisa makanan menjadi salah satu cara yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat pelayanan gizi dan mengetahui jumlah gizi yang dikonsumsi masyarakat. Seiring dengan kemajuan teknologi, beberapa metode tersebut akhirnya diadaptasi dan dikembangkan ke dalam sebuah alat yaitu Smart Nutrition Box. Alat ini berfungsi untuk menghitung jumlah limbah makanan dengan metode image segmentation. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui aplikasi Smart Nutrition Box dalam mengidentifikasi kehilangan zat gizi pada limbah makanan kantin. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan melalui studi literatur yang berkaitan dengan aplikasi alat Smart Nutrition Box dan identifikasi kehilangan zat gizi. Jumlah sisa makanan dapat dihitung menggunakan Smart Nutrition Box. Adapun jumlah kehilangan zat gizi dilanjutkan dengan perhitungan menggunakan formulasi tertentu hingga didapatkan jumlah zat gizi yang hilang dari limbah makanan kantin. Aplikasi Smart Nutrition Box dalam mengestimasi jumlah limbah makanan kantin memiliki akurasi dengan nilai RMSE 2,37 dan identifikasi kehilangan zat gizi dapat dihitung dengan formulasi setelah data limbah makanan didapatkan.
Potensi Antioksidan pada Krokot (Portulaca oleracea) Sebagai Pangan Fungsional
Authors:   Universitas Wiraraja, Yuniastri Ratih , Hanafi Imam ,   Universitas Wiraraja, Sumitro Eko Adi ,   Universitas Wiraraja
Published: December 2020

Krokot (Portulaca oleracea) merupakan tanaman gulma yang dapat tumbuh subur di tempat manapun, kaya akan nutrisi lainnya namun jarang diketahui oleh masyarakat. Perbedaan tempat tumbuh menyebabkan adanya perbedaan kandungan nutrisi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kandungan antioksidan dalam krokot berdasarkan tiga daerah/tempat hidupnya. Metode yang digunakan mengeringkan krokot dengan panas matahari selama 1 minggu dengan tiga perlakuan tempat hidup krokot, yaitu krokot pinggiran sungai/pematang sawah (K1), krokot trotoar (K2), dan krokot pinggir jalan (K3). Analisa pengujian antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan krokot K3 memiliki kadar antioksidan terbesar yaitu 60.45c±0.62%, diikuti K1 sebesar 50.26a±0.67% dan K2 sebesar 54.78b±0.67%. Perbedaan lingkungan tempat tumbuh berpengaruh terhadap kadar antioksidan krokot. Besarnya kadar antioksidan yang dikandung krokot berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai olahan pangan fungsional.
Optimasi Dosis Enzim Glukoamilase dan Waktu Fermentasi dalam Produksi Bioetanol dari Air Cucian Beras
Authors:   Universitas Jayabaya, Visca Rinette , Dewi Mubarokah Nuriani ,   Universitas Jayabaya, Sinaga Marungkil ,   Universitas Jayabaya, Nurcahyati Siti ,   Universitas Jayabaya
Published: December 2020

Saat ini 85% dari kebutuhan energi dunia berasal dari bahan bakar minyak. Indonesia berupaya mengurangi ketergantungan pada bahan bakar minyak. Salah satu sumber energi alternatif yang dapat mensubsitusi transportasi minyak mentah diperoleh dari biomassa berupa bahan bakar bioetanol. Biomassa termasuk beras dimanfaatkan untuk pengembangan bioetanol menggantikan bahan bakar minyak. Karbohidrat merupakan komponen utama beras yang terdiri dari 85–90% pati. Air cucian beras yang mengandung karbohidrat dapat diubah menjadi etanol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui waktu fermentasi terbaik dalam produksi bioetanol dari air cucian beras dengan menggunakan enzim glukoamilase dan ragi. Pembuatan bioetanol melalui tahap persiapan, hidrolisa air cucian beras, pemeriksaan kadar glukosa, fermentasi, distilasi dan analisa hasil. Variabel yang digunakan adalah waktu fermentasi (3, 4, 5, 6, dan 7 hari), dan volume enzim glukoamilase (0.5, 1.5, dan 3.0 ml). Hasil penelitian diperoleh densitas bioetanol optimum sebesar 0.998 g.ml-1 dengan enzim glukoamilase 0.5 ml. Kadar glukosa sesudah inversi tertinggi sebesar 4.217%, dan kadar etanol tertinggi 19.387% dihasilkan dengan dosis enzim glukoamilase 3.0 ml dalam waktu fermentasi selama lima hari.
Perencanaan Konsep Konservasi Air Gedung Universitas Swasta di Wilayah Utara Kota Bandung
Authors:   Institut Teknologi Nasional, Choerunnisa Dina Kardina , Pharmawati Kancitra ,   Institut Teknologi Nasional, Nurprabowo Anindito ,   Institut Teknologi Nasional
Published: December 2020

Gedung Universitas Swasta X terletak di wilayah Utara Kota Bandung. Gedung di kota ini diharuskan untuk mematuhi salah satu peraturan yaitu Peraturan Wali Kota Bandung Nomor 1023 Tahun 2016 tentang Bangunan Gedung Hijau dengan menerapkan konsep konservasi air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efisiensi konservasi air yang akan direncanakan pada gedung Universitas Swasta X di Kota Bandung. Konsep dari perencanaan ini yaitu membandingkan konservasi air pada saat musim hujan dengan musim kemarau dan penghematan penggunaan air dari peralatan saniter hemat air. Metode penelitian yang digunakan meliputi pengumpulan data dan referensi, serta identifikasi konsep konservasi air. Berdasarkan hasil analisis didapatkan jumlah populasi sebanyak 5629 orang, total kebutuhan air bersih 308100 L.hari-1 dan timbulan air limbah yang dihasilkan sebesar 191022 L.hari-1. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, laju aliran maksimum untuk standar Toto 2020 hanya sebesar 41.7%, sedangkan laju aliran maksimum dengan menggunakan standar Peraturan Wali Kota Bandung Nomor 1023 Tahun 2016 lebih besar 16.5%. Nilai efisiensi konservasi air sebesar 69.0% pada musim hujan dan 30.1% pada musim kemarau.
ANALISIS PERUBAHAN CADANGAN HARA PADA BERBAGAI PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DAN KELERENGAN DI DAS MIKRO KALI KUNGKUK, KOTA BATU
Authors: Wiwaha Refki Aulia , Kurniawan Syahrul
Published: December 2020

The Kali Kungkuk micro watershed which is located in the upper area of Brantas watershed, had experienced forest conversion to horticulture during the last fourth decades. Since the physiographic of Kali Kungkuk micro watershed is hilly, forest conversion to horticulture may result in soil nutrient stock changes. The research aimed to analyze soil nutrient stock from forest to horticulture land uses (i.e. apple orchard and vegetables) in the Kali Kungkuk micro watershed. The field research was conducted on three different land uses (i.e. vegetable land (PK), apple orchard (PA), and forest (PH)) and four land slope classes (i.e. slope 0-8% (K1), 8-15% (K2), 15-25% (K3), and > 25% (K4)), with three, replicates plots of each. Soil samples were collected at three different depths (0-10, 10-30, and 30- 50 cm) from each plot. The parameters measured included soil texture, bulk density, standing litter mass, canopy cover, basal area, soil organic carbon and total nitrogen. Data analysis was conducted with Linear Mixed Effect Models with a level of 5% and a further analysis of LSD test level of 5% as well as a correlation test between observational parameters. The results showed that differences in land use and slope affected to significant differences in the content of soil organic C and total N. In general, forests had higher soil C and N stocks as compared to other land uses (i.e. apple orchard and vegetables). Furthermore, soil organic C and total N was higher in the low slopes (i.e. 0-8%) and (8-15%) as compared to the high slopes (i.e. 15-25%) and (> 25%). The study found a positive correlation between soil nutrient stocks (i.e. C and N) and clay content. In contrast, soil C and N stock was negatively correlated with soil bulk density. Soil fertility degradation that occurs in the Kali Kungkuk micro watershed (i.e. apple orchard and vegetables) requires serious attention in soil management in order to ensure the sustainability of apple and vegetable production.
PERBAIKAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KEDELAI HITAM (Glycine max (L.) MERRIL) DENGAN BIOCHAR DAN PUPUK NPK DI LAHAN KERING
Authors: Jova Gerardus , Widowati W , Marwoto M
Published: December 2020

The increase in black soybean production is constrained by the decreasing productive land area due to increasing population pressure. Dryland is an alternative that can be developed because of its availability. This study aimed to determine the best dosage of biochar and NPK for black soybean plants in dryland. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with two factors that were repeated three times. The first factor was the dose of tobacco Jengkok biochar (0, 10, 15, and 20 t ha-1) and the second factor was the dose of NPK Phonska fertilizer (0, 25, 50, and 100 kg ha-1). Soil used for this study was collected from dry land in Gading Kulon Village, Dau District, Malang Regency. Ten kilograms of the collected soil was placed in a polybag and mixed with biochar according to the treatment dose. After 7 days of biochar application, soybean seeds of Detam 1 variety were planted, and soil samples were taken to observe soil organic C, N, P, and K contents. NPK fertilizer was applied according to the treatment dose at 10 days after planting, Plant height and number of leaves were observed at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after planting. Biomass and crop yields were observed at physiological maturity at 85 days after planting. The results showed that the highest levels of organic C, total N, and K were at a dose of 20 t biochar ha-1, but the use of 15 t biochar ha-1 was the optimum dose for biomass and yield of black soybeans. The highest seed weight was obtained from 100 kg NPK ha-1.
TRANSFORMASI KARAKTERISTIK TANAH SAWAH PADA LAHAN BEKAS PENAMBANGAN EMAS DI KABUPATEN SIJUNJUNG SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Putri Elsa Lolita , Gusmini G , Adrinal A , Yaherwandi Y
Published: December 2020

The process of physical and chemical properties of the former gold mining soil which is caused by the transformation of different land conditions in natural rice fields, reclaimed rice fields, and mine fields. This study aims to determine the differences in the characteristics of the former gold mining soil in natural rice fields, reclaimed rice fields and mining fields in Sijunjung Regency. There were three sampling locations with three sample points each and the samples were analyzed physically and chemically. Results of this study showed that natural paddy soil has optimal conditions for the growth of rice plants followed by reclaimed lowland soil and the worst was in mining paddy soil based on soil physical and chemical properties. The difference in soil physical properties in the form of natural paddy soil texture was smoother compared to land conditions in reclaimed rice fields and mining rice fields. This was due to intensive inundation processes, which created a plough tread layer, low volume weight accompanied by a moderate total pore space. The difference in chemical properties was in the stable pH of natural paddy soil due to inundation and high organic carbon accompanied by rice reclamation and very low organic carbon in mining soils, which would affect the growth of rice plant.
PENGARUH APLIKASI AMELIORAN DARI FORMULASI LIMBAH BATUBARA (FLY ASH DAN BOTTOM ASH) DAN SAMPAH PASAR DENGAN KAPUR TERHADAP pH, KTK DAN P TERSEDIA ULTISOL DAN GAMBUT
Authors: Ilham Farah , Maulana Amsar , Hasiholan Bonatua , Ilham Ikhsan , Negsih Fetri Yulia
Published: December 2020

The formulation of coal waste (4 million t year-1) and market waste (175.000 t year-1) is a potential development of alternative ameliorant for marginal and swamplands. The purpose of this study was to examine ameliorant formulations from coal and market waste to improve pH, available P, and CEC of Ultisols and Peat. The step I of the study used a completely randomized design with 3 replications, namely A = coal waste (100 g); B = market waste (100 g); C = 1:1 (50 g : 50 g); D = 2:1 (66.7 g 33.3 g-1) and E = 1:2 (33.3 g 66.7g-1). The step II of the study used a completely randomized design with 3 replications in 3 formulations namely: A = best formulation (100 g); B = best formulation + 10% [Ca(OH)2] (10 g 100 g-1) and C = best formulation + 10% [CaMg(CO3)2] (10 g 100 g-1). The step III of the study used a completely randomized design with 3 replications namely: A = 0 t ha-1 (0 g 500 g-1 soil); B = 10 t ha-1 (2.5 g 500 g-1 soil); C = 20 t ha-1 (5.0 g 500 g-1 soil); D = 30 t ha-1 (7.5 g 500 g-1 soil); E = 40 t ha-1 (10.0 g 500 g-1 soil) and F = 50 t ha-1 (12.5 g 500 g-1 soil). The results of the study showed that application of ameliorant formulations from coal and market waste with 10% [CaMg(CO3)2] at 50 t ha-1 increased pH, available P and CEC of Ultisols and peat, respectively by 0.60 units, 2.11 ppm P and 10.83 cmolc kg-1 on Ultisols, and 0.33 units, 2.64 ppm P and 68.86 cmolc kg-1 in peat, compared to control.
PENGARUH APLIKASI KOMPOS JERAMI PADI+PANGKASAN TITHONIA DAN BIOCHAR SEKAM PADI TERHADAP SERAPAN NITROGEN, FOSFOR, DAN KALIUM SERTA PRODUKSI PADI METODE SRI (SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION) DI KOTA PADANG
Authors: Yuhardi Erick , Gusnidar G , Yasin Syafrimen
Published: December 2020

A study that was aimed to examine the effect of rice straw + tithonia pruning compost and rice husk biochar application on N, P and K uptake and rice production of SRI (System of Rice Intensification) method, was carried out from November 2019 - February 2020 in Kuranji District, Padang City, West Sumatra. This study used a randomized block design consisting of 6 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were A = control, B = 100% K (compost), C = 75% K + 25% B (biochar), D = 50% K + 50% B, E = 25% K + 75% B, and F = 100% B. The results showed that there was an increase of N, P and K uptake by rice with the application of 25% compost + 75% biochar. The treatment increased plant height, total tiller number and grain weight by 30 cm, 25.34 stems and 5.47 t ha-1, respectively higher than that in control.
PENGARUH LAMA PENYINARAN MATAHARI TERHADAP POTENSI PRODUKSI PADI BERDASARKAN ANALISIS SPASIAL DI KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Gusira Gali , Sudarto S , Putra Aditya Nugraha
Published: December 2020

The agriculture sector holds an essential role to produce foodstuff, including rice. Malang Regency accomplishes about 0,915% from the total of national rice consumption needed. Any natural factor can influence rice productivity such as the time of sun exposure, where sun exposure at around Malang Regency is equal to 7,5-10,7 hour day-1 based on data from 8 climatological stations. This study aimed at analyzing the influence of time exposure toward rice production potential in Malang Regency. The study consisted of four stages, namely: preparation, pre-survey, survey, and data analysis. Data analysis consisted of correlation and stepwise regression tests. The validation test was carried out to test the feasibility of the observed variables. In addition, a spatial analysis was carried out to determine the distribution of the duration of sun exposure and productivity of rice fields in Malang Regency using ArcGIS 10.3. The results showed that the time of exposure gives a low contribution impact on rice production potential with a correlation value of 0.023. This gives an explanation that there is another factor besides the time of sun exposure that could provide a bigger impact. Surface soil permeability in this research is the only other factor that could influence production potential significantly, with influence level as high as 14.7%. But, result from validation test showed that the p-value obtained is equal to 0.000 (p <0.05), indicating a significant difference between potential production based on the exposure with the results of the field survey, so that the exposure factor still could be used to predicted rice production result in Malang Regency.
THE VALUE OF APOLOGIES IN LAW AND MORALITY
Authors: Pino-Emhart Alberto
Published: December 2020

The paper explores the role of apologies in cases of wrongdoing, in the context of both morality and the law, particularly the law of torts. It is shown that apologies are morally required in a strong sense, seeking to repair or re-establish moral relationships from the perspective of restorative justice. Moreover, it is argued that this restorative function is also relevant for the practice of tort law, in which the process could also aim at re-establishing the normative relationship between the parties, and communicating a restorative message to the victim, like apologies. It is discussed whether compensatory remedies in tort law could perform this restorative function, opening the space for further work over this symbolic function that tort systems could potentially perform.
DIREITO AO TRABALHO DA PESSOA COM DEFICIÊNCIA: desafios, crises e horizontes
Authors: Machado Sidnei , Santos Gabriel Persegona
Published: December 2020

As intensas alterações na regulação do trabalho impactam negativamente sobre o grupo específico das pessoas com deficiência. Em que pese subsista um aparato normativo de promoção e garantia de direitos, houve grande afetação quanto às garantias dessas pessoas no âmbito do direito do trabalho e do direito previdenciário. O objetivo do artigo é analisar a sistemática normativa que trata dos direitos das pessoas com deficiência no âmbito trabalhista, apontando, igualmente, a concepção de direito ao trabalho como potencialidade emancipatória e campo de luta por reconhecimento. Apontando-se as crises, serão analisadas as alterações promovidas pelas recentes reformas no âmbito dos direitos da pessoa com deficiência. Como chave interpretativa que explica o porquê desta crise a despeito da existência de um substantivo regramento legal que permite a efetiva e material concepção de direitos à pessoa com deficiência, usa-se como ferramenta analítica a noção filosófica do reconhecimento a partir das contribuições de Axel Honneth.