bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Os professores que atuam na Educação à Distância: uma análise dos direitos, vantagens e desvantagens contempladas na Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho
Authors: Marihama Diego Kenji De Almeida , E Campos Maria Aparecida Santos
Published: December 2021

Resumo: O presente artigo teve por finalidade, investigar o contexto dos professores em Educação à Distância - EaD e suas limitações no que se refere ao plano carreira e outros auxílios que são pertinentes ao trabalho à distância. O objetivo central se delimita ao analisar o grau de reconhecimento de um professor EaD pelas instituições que os contratam, a remuneração e a jornada de trabalho, que se submetem às exigências do mercado. Esta pesquisa está alicerçada na abordagem quantitativa, utilizada para coletas de médio e grande porte. O campo de investigação se dá nas regiões Nordeste e Sudeste do Brasil. E os sujeitos da pesquisa foram 150 professores, que atuam em instituições públicas e/ou privadas, de ensino superior e/ou educação básica, e estejam contratados ou nomeados na modalidade EaD. O instrumento de pesquisa: foi por meio de um questionário, publicado na plataforma Google Forms e contou com seis questões objetivas. A análise de dados: utilizou-se os softwares Excel e SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) como instrumento de organização, tabulação dos dados e produção de gráficos. Os aspectos éticos da pesquisa atenderam aos pressupostos da resolução 196/96 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde. Resultados: Conclui-se que, os professores EaD, ainda necessitam de reconhecimento, no que se refere: às políticas públicas e educacionais, enquanto categoria e direitos. Ressaltando: um plano de carreira condizente com a função, formação continuada e recursos tecnológicos para o trabalho a distância.

Palavras Chave: Professores, EaD, remuneração e jornada de trabalho.
Hacia la formación de una ciudadanía intercultural. Estudio sobre la relación entre la inteligencia cultural y las competencias interculturales del profesorado
Authors: Mejía Trejo Lourdes , Arjones Fernández María Aurora
Published: December 2021

Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre la inteligencia cultural y las competencias interculturales de profesores en una preparatoria localizada en el noreste de los Estados Unidos. El estudio mixto —realizado durante 2019— se sustenta en una investigación cuantitativa mediante la aplicación de la Escala de Inteligencia Cultural que mide las cuatro dimensiones — cognitiva, metacognitiva, motivacional y conductual—, de la Inteligencia Cultural. Esta escala se aplicó a todo el equipo docente compuesto por 75 profesores (43 mujeres y 32 hombres) de las áreas de matemáticas, ciencias, ciencias sociales, inglés, lenguas extranjeras y deporte. Así mismo, se realizó una investigación cualitativa con el objetivo de identificar las competencias interculturales del profesorado, con el desarrollo de 15 entrevistas a profundidad. En el diseño del instrumento se consideró los tres principios de educación intercultural propuestos por la UNESCO (2006, 2010). Los resultados advierten que los profesores presentan un nivel moderadamente alto en las dimensiones metacognitiva, motivacional y conductual, pero bajo en la dimensión cognitiva del nivel de inteligencia cultural. Así, se contempla como variable demográfica, el nivel de estudios: todos los profesores con Licenciatura presentan una escala superior en todas las dimensiones de la inteligencia cultural comparado con los profesores de Maestría. No obstante, todos los profesores poseen bajas competencias interculturales en su desempeño profesional.
La simulación de entrevistas familiares en la formación de maestros y orientadores
Authors: Ferreira Camino , Vieira María José
Published: December 2021

La competencia en comunicación oral es fundamental para ejercer las funciones de los maestros-tutores y orientadores, especialmente, para el asesoramiento y la información a destinatarios con perfiles diversos educativos. En esta línea, en la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de León se ha realizado una acción formativa en el Grado en Educación Primaria y en el Máster Universitario en Orientación Educativa con el fin de desarrollar y evaluar el domino de la comunicación oral a través de la simulación de entrevistas a familiares. En este estudio se ha realizado una encuesta a los estudiantes de los dos títulos seleccionados con el objetivo de analizar las competencias más desarrolladas a través de la simulación de entrevistas, e identificar las fortalezas y las debilidades en el desarrollo de la misma con el fin de establecer propuestas de mejora. Las principales conclusiones del estudio se concretan en que la simulación de entrevista tutorial es una actividad muy satisfactoria para los estudiantes porque les permite situarse en un contexto profesional real como maestros-tutores y orientadores. Además de incrementar su competencia en comunicación oral, los estudiantes han mejorado sus habilidades de relación interpersonales, su empatía y su capacidad de tomar decisiones ante nuevas situaciones.
O Retrato do professor goiano
Authors: Rebouças Veronise Francisca dos Santos Lima , Silva Yara Fonseca de Oliveira e
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste é identificar e analisar a partir de pesquisa documental o perfil dos professores do Estado de Goiás docente a partir do eixo “Estruturar o sistema de conhecimento e remuneração por mérito” que foi implementado durante a Reforma Política Pacto pela Educação. Para isso faz uso de pesquisa documental e bibliográfica para apreensão do objetivo contemplado. Nesse interim, faz-se uma apreensão do contexto que fundamenta a política educacional em tese no intuito de levar a reflexão de todas a vertentes que envolveram esse eixo, no qual desde sua implantação e até os dias atuais os professores ainda vivenciam resquícios desta política que teve em teoria sua vigência entre os anos de 2011 a 2014. Os resultados na análise desse perfil demonstram que pode-se desenhar como retrato do professor goiano como aquele que possui disparidades remunerativas, formativas dentro de uma carreira que é desvalorizada e que promove a competição entre seus pares. O gênero é majoritariamente feminino, provavelmente devido à desvalorização da carreira docente que amplia o processo de feminização da profissão do magistério. Além do que as propostas políticas para a docência também promovem a precarização da profissão o que desmotiva o acesso a essa carreira. Outro fator é a titularidade que apesar de ter seu aumento significativo para esses profissionais, no caso do professor goiano ainda é menor devido a falta de incentivo para sua qualificação no cargo.
Novas tendências e desafios para educação a distância
Authors: Knuppel Maria Aparecida Crissi , Serra Ilka Márcia Ribeiro de Souza , Lira Luiz Alberto Rocha de
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho avalia as tendências e desafios da educação a distância objetivando identificar as reverberações nas universidades e no Sistema Universidade Aberta do Brasil/UAB, que são impulsionados por ações em favor de processos educativos disruptivos e inovadores, alternativas importantes em ações em rede de forma colaborativa. Aponta projetos a serem realizados pelas universidades estaduais, em parceria com o Ministério da Educação, por meio da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Capes, para elevar a qualidade e a equidade da educação superior pública do Brasil. Evidencia muitos desafios a serem enfrentados em termos de formação para oferecer novas oportunidades de aprendizado nesta sociedade digital, hiperconectada. A educação a distância compartilha os desafios mais amplos que o Brasil enfrenta, tem papel preponderante na recuperação do país e se reconfigura em perspectivas relevantes e ao mesmo tempo híbridas nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem. Destaca-se a necessidade de ampliação dos conteúdos abertos para o desenvolvimento educacional, por meio de um projeto nacional de Adoção de Recursos Educacionais Abertos/REA’s, com apoio da Capes, para desenvolver um ecossistema em um ambiente sustentável, com conteúdo atualizado, num modelo de colaboração que fortaleça a democratização do conhecimento. O estudo aponta urgência de gestão de cursos de educação digital em rede a serem realizados em por universidades pertencentes ao Sistema UAB.  Abre-se ainda a possibilidade de constituição de redes, para creditação e acreditação de estudos. Ressalta-se a formação de consórcios para a oferta da mobilidade virtual discente nacional e internacional, a partir do que já é desenvolvido pelas universidades estaduais, por meio da Câmara de Educação a Distância da Associação Brasileira dos Reitores das Universidades Municipais e Estaduais/ABRUEM.
Comunidade e Massa
Authors: Oliveira Pedro A. Ribeiro de
Published: December 2021

Até agora a pastoral popular tem se caracterizado como uma pastoral de comunidades de base e é justamente o trabalho de base, miúdo, molecular, de pessoa a pessoa, que tem marcado a presença da Igreja Católica no interior do movimento popular através das CEBs, das «pastorais» e dos movimentos leigos. Mas há indícios de que a pastoral popular está encerrando esta primeira etapa da caminhada e que uma nova etapa está se abrindo, no sentido de uma pastoral de massa, isto é, pela atividade religiosa capaz de mobilizar grande quantidade de pessoas numa linha de libertação...
A teologia dos Salmos em Santo Agostinho
Authors: Figueiredo Fernando
Published: December 2021

Os Comentários sobre os Salmos, de Santo Agostinho, são a sua obra mais extensa, redigida ao longo dos anos de seu episcopado. Esperamos para breve sua publicação em português na coleção «Os Padres da Igreja». Quando já temos a nova edição do «Livro das Horas», esta obra ajudará, sem dúvida, a compreender e a rezar melhor os Salmos...
Perfil do Ministro da Reconciliação Sacramental
Authors: Leers Bernardino
Published: December 2021

Não adianta pensar na reforma do sacramento da reconciliação, sem inclusivamente focalizar a formação de seus ministros. Apesar de feitas em pequena escala, as pesquisas sobre a crise da confissão — como o povo aprendeu a chamar este sacramento — fornecem evidência suficiente de que uma das causas da inflação a este respeito tem sido as atitudes e posições tomadas por padres confessores para com os penitentes na confissão auricular. Não convém acreditar em tudo o que os entrevistados disseram, pois é costume humano desculpar-se, acusando os outros...
A caminhada do Conselho Indigenista Missionário (Cimi): 1972-1984
Authors: Suess Paulo
Published: December 2021

O Concílio Vaticano II (1962-1965) e a II Conferência Geral do Episcopado Latino-Americano (1968), em Medellín, não tematizaram propriamente a «questão indígena». Trataram, sim, da «promoção da cultura» (significativamente em Gaudium et Spes, e não em Ad Gentes), da «liberdade religiosa» e da «libertação dos povos». O Papa João XXIII, na sua Carta Encíclica sobre a Paz dos Povos (1963), já tinha qualificado a descolonização dos povos como um «sinal do tempo», que marca nossa época. Isso foi o suficiente para levantar uma série de questionamentos em torno da prática missionária junto aos povos indígenas...
Tick-borne Diseases, Transmission, Host Immune Responses, Diagnosis and Control
Authors: Yadav Nidhi , Upadhyay Ravi Kant
Published: December 2021

Present review article explains tick-borne diseases, transmission, host immune responses, diagnosis and control in relation to climatic variations. Ticks are hematophagous ectoparasites which suck large volumes of blood from livestock and humans. They release large numbers of protozoans, bacteria, rickettsia and viral pathogens during blood feeding and transmit disease pathogens through saliva. Due to heavy blood sucking by ticks animals face significant blood and weight loss that affect their overall health. Due to more severe illness, high economic losses were noted in livestock. This article highlights medically important tick borne diseases in man and livestock, its pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment methods. The present article emphasizes invasion of hosts, host-pathogen interactions, tick saliva toxin induced host immune responses and biological effects. This article highlighted various tick control methods i.e. physical killing, acaricidal, biological, hormonal, genetic and immunological methods such as administration of protective antibody and vaccines for disease control in human being and his livestock. The authors suggest non-chemical environmentally safe methods for successful control of tick borne diseases to kill cattle, bird and canine invading ticks.
Rooting and development parameters of softwood cuttings of kiwifruit plant in different planting schemes
Authors: Obidjon Odinamakhmadovich Sattorov
Published: December 2021

This article reveals the results of experiments conducted to study the influence of the planting scheme on the viability of the varieties of kiwifruit plant introduced to our republic in their reproduction from softwood cuttings. The experiments were conducted on a special substrate in a microclimate-controlled facility. Hayward variety of the kiwifruit plant served as the object of study. Softwood cuttings of kiwifruit varieties were studied by planting in eight different schemes. The results of the study showed that the rooting of kiwifruit varieties from softwood cuttings was higher as the distance between them decreased. However, in terms of seedling yield per unit area, the planting schemes 10×20 and 15×15 cm were recommended in the production.
Distribution of cutworms in vegetable crops, their harm and the effectiveness of insecticides tested against them
Authors: Kamol Shavkievich Mamatov  , Mirkhalil Urazbekovich Kholdorov  , Saitmurat Sultonovich Alimukhamedov
Published: December 2021

In this article, from the tunnels that infect the underground part of vegetable crops: turnip moth (Agrotis segetum Den.et Schiff), cut worm (A. exclamationis. L.), turn black-C (Xestia c-nigrum L.), wild turn (Euxoa agricola V.), gamma turn (Mamestra suasa Schiff.), tobacco turn (Agrotis obesa B.) and epsolon turn (A. ipsilon Rotl) encounter was detected. Underground cutworms damage to tomatoes is estimated at 6-10% in Navoi, Bukhara and Khorezm regions, 12-20% in the Republic of Karakalpakstan and Surkhandarya, Jizzakh and Syrdarya regions, and 20% in other regions such as Samarkand, Kashkadarya, Andijan, Fergana and Namangan. Up to 31% of underground tunnels were found to be damaged. The damage of the aboveground part cutworms was determined by 18% in Navoi, 15% in Jizzakh, 15-18% in Bukhara and Khorezm regions, 12-15% in Sirdarya, Surkhondarya, Karakalpakstan, 25-30% in the remaining regions. Against worms of months in tomatoes, Deltasis, 2,5% concentration of emulsion (deltametrin), 50% concentration of emulsion in Kurarfon (Profenofos) and Torpedo Jet, 14% soluble powder (Indoxicarb+emamectin benzoate), 2,5% concentration of emulsion in Defentox (deltametrin), when their preparations were tested, 87-93% efficiency was achieved. Contraindications: the drug Kapito 9,3% suspension concentrate (Chlorantraniliprol) is used on the account of 0,45 l/ha to 89,5%, the drug Emafos 42% soluble powder (emamectin benzoate +chlorpyrifos) to 0,6 l/ha. When used on account of 91, 3%, Koragen, 200 soluble powder (chlorantraniliprol) preparation, when applied to 0,2 l/H, 91,6% efficiency was achieved
Effect of Broken Home (Household Crisis) on Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (Dass 42) in Students of Sma X Lumajang
Authors: INDAHSARI NOER KUMALA , RIZKI AMALIA MEGA FITRIANI
Published: December 2021

Abstract:
Background : Children or teenagers who are facing Broken homes in their master person directly or indirectly can have an impact on mental health disorders, namely stress, anxiety, and depression, which adversely affect children.  This condition can be said to be a trigger and can make the child moody, sad or long because both parents are divorced. The cause of broken homes is due to several factors, namely: the factor of divorced parents, ugliness, economic period, busy period, and the last is the period of education.
Method: This study is a type of observational analytic research with the design of cross-sectional study research and the taking until this research using the method of probability sampling that is random, to find out the level of Broken Home aam this study using a questionnaire made by the research-based on various sources obtained and for stress, anxiety, and depression itself using the questionnaire Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 42).
Result : From the results of the following research can be drawn the doubt that a broken home does not significantly cause high school students in this study to experience stress and anxiety. However, it is known that it can cause depression in high school students in this study significantly.
Conclusion: the broken home did not significantly cause high school students to experience stress and anxiety but it can cause depression in high school students is significantly
Erityisiä matkustajia: Liikkumisen valmiudet sairausvakuutuksen matkakorvausjärjestelmän kautta tarkasteltuna
Authors: Turunen Elina , Isola Anna-Maria , Hiilamo Heikki
Published: December 2021

Terveydenhuoltoon ja kuntoutukseen suuntautuvien matkojen kustannuksia korvataan sairausvakuutuksesta. Kela siirtyi sairausvakuutuksen korvaamissa taksimatkoissa vuosina 2010–2014 sairaanhoitopiirikohtaisen tilausvälityskeskuksen käyttöön tavoitteena säästää kustannuksissa matkoja yhdistelemällä. Oikeus palvelun käyttöön ei välttämättä merkitse oikeuden toteutumista. Resurssit täytyy pystyä muuntamaan toiminnoiksi. Kysymme, miten matkustajat kokevat matkakorvausjärjestelmän lisäävän tai rajoittavan liikkumiseen liittyviä toimintavalmiuksia. Tutkimuksessa haastateltiin vuodenvaihteessa 2014–2015 yhteensä 16 henkilöä. Toimintavalmiuksiin vaikuttivat matkustajaan ja läheiseen, ympäristöön, palvelujen järjestämiseen ja kuljettajan toimintaan liittyvät konversiotekijät, kuten henkilökohtaisia tarpeita vastaava apu. Sosiaaliset seikat kuten matkustajan tunteminen, aloitteellisuus, kommunikaatio ja luottamus koettiin tärkeiksi.
Analysis of methods for assessing and managing cyber risks and information security
Authors: Potii O. , Gorbenko Y. , Zamula O. , Isirova K.
Published: December 2021

Global trends to increase the threats to information and cybersecurity, increasing the level of vulnerability of information and telecommunications systems (ITS) necessitate the development and implementation of new standards and regulations on information security, the introduction of new technologies and best practices in information security. The main approach to information and cybersecurity in ITS is the Risk-Based Protection Strategy. The main task of information risk management (IR) is to identify and assess objectively the most significant risks for the company's business, as well as the need to use risk controls to increase the efficiency and profitability of the company's economic activities. It is believed that quality risk management allows you to use the optimal efficiency and cost of risk control and information protection measures, adequate to the current goals and objectives of the company's business. The paper presents results of solving the current problem of finding optimal methods for assessing the risks of information and cybersecurity. Criteria for selecting the best methods of risk assessment are proposed. The analysis of known methods of risk assessment for compliance with these criteria is performed. Proposals have been formulated to create promising methods for risk assessment, their application to modern information security management systems, especially those designed for critical infrastructure, will most effectively address the problems of information and cybersecurity, as well as privacy.
Investigation of the computational complexity of methods for hiding information in cluster steganosystems
Authors: Shekhanin K.Yu. , Pshenichnaya S.V. , Kuznetsov A.A.
Published: December 2021

Several methods of technical steganography are currently known. Hiding information in a model in 3D printing, this industry of hiding information has certain advantages and disadvantages, namely: the relatively high cost of creating a hidden message and the difficulty in reading the information. The second area of technical steganography is related to network traffic. In this method, information can be hidden, for example, in the header fields of protocols, or, for example, the transmission of a hidden message by sending packets in a certain sequence. There are also methods of hiding information in the structure of the file system, but the known methods are either capable of hiding a small amount of information, or have an insufficient level of resistance to detection. Thus, an urgent task is to develop a method for hiding information, which is able to hide more information and has a higher level of resistance to detection, with a satisfactory level of computational complexity.

This paper presents methods of technical steganography based on the structural features of file systems in storage media, in particular, hiding information in the FAT file system by mixing clusters of certain key files (cover files). Methods of hiding information in the structure of a clustered file system by mixing clusters of cover files require significant computational resources. In this paper, research has been carried out on methods to increase computational efficiency in terms of the amount of required RAM, and the number of the required number of basic operations to hide a message.
Detection of unmanned aerial vehicle using radio wave scatter on acoustic disturbances of the environment created by aircraft
Authors: Kartashov V.M. , Kharchenko O.I. , Pososhenko V.A. , Kolesnik V.I. , Yegorov A.B. , Tymoshenko L.P. , Kapusta A.I.
Published: December 2021

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have recently become widespread, because they are capable of performing a wide range of functions useful for mankind. At the same time, UAVs are a source of potential threats in a number of areas of human activity, namely, military, economic, and everyday life. Therefore, an urgent scientific and technical problem of detecting and observing UAVs has been formed recently to prevent them from performing unauthorized actions. The main means of UAV surveillance are radar (both active and passive), optical, infrared, acoustic stations, as well as complex systems in which joint processing of information obtained using these information channels is carried out. However, in general, the scientific and technical problem of monitoring UAVs, especially small UAVs, remains unresolved: the efficiency of UAV detection using all these methods remains insufficient, and the needs of practice are far from being fully satisfied with the available means.

This article is devoted to the analysis of currently known scientific and practical results aimed to assess the possibility of detecting UAVs by radio signals scattered by acoustic disturbances of the environment created by UAVs, and to formulate urgent scientific and technical problems in this aria of knowledge.
TOPLUMSAL BİR BAŞKALDIRI OLARAK BRİSTOL KENTİ MURALLARI
Authors: BAYRAKTAR Alkan , İLDEN Serkan
Published: December 2021

Sokak sanatı, çağdaş sanatların bir türü kapsamında değerlendirilen ve farklı malzemelerle üretilen bir sanat anlayışıdır. Bu sanat anlayışı -adından da anlaşılacağı üzere- bir kentin sokaklarına uygulanır ve kullanılan ekipman türü üzerinden sınıflandırılması yapılmaktadır. Bu tekniklerden bazıları şablon (stencil), tebeşir (chalk), çıkartma (sticker), mozaik veya enstalasyon gibi uygulamaları kapsamaktadır. Ancak en yaygın olarak bilinen ve genelde spreyle uygulanan grafiti ile zaman zaman geleneksel boyaların tercih edildiği mural uygulamalar da sokak sanatları türü içerisinde dahil edilmektedir. Uygulamadaki teknik çeşitliliğin yanı sıra mural eserlerin büyük boyutlarda uygulanması nedeniyle daha uzun zamanlarda ortaya çıkarılması onu, diğer görsel sokak sanatlarından ayırmaktadır. Bu da dolaylı olarak grafiti ya da şablon tekniklerinin gizli ve hızlı uygulanmasına karşın sanatçı-eser, eser-izleyici ikilisi ya da sanatçı-izleyici-eser üçgeni bağlamında oluşan estetik merkezli empatinin daha sıkı kurulacağını göstermektedir. Dünya genelinde sokak sanatlarının legal olduğu ve onlara gerekli değerin verildiği önemli şehirlerinden birisi olan Birleşik Krallık’a bağlı Bristol kenti ise bahsi geçen tüm görsel tekniklerin örneklerini bulabileceğiniz ender şehirlerden birisidir. Bu şehirde tüm görsel tekniklerin bulunmasına karşın muralların düzenlenen bazı festival ve etkinliklerle nitelik ve nicelik bağlamında daha çok öne çıkması araştırmanın odak noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada, Bristol kentinde sanatçılar tarafından uygulanan eserlerin birkaçına değinilerek sokak sanatlarına karşı şehrin yaklaşımı incelenecektir.
Klasifikasi Kab Kota Provinsi Jawa Barat Berdasarkan Pendapatan Dari Sektor Pertanian Dengan Algoritma Decision Tree
Authors: Siregar Amril Mutoi , Fauzi Ahmad
Published: December 2021

The welfare level of rural communities, especially the province of West Java, especially those living away from the cities, can not be separated from the primary revenue is in the agriculture sector. The agricultural industry covers many industries and still many lives under the poverty line. Because facilities and financing are still minimal from the local government. Given the root of the problem is that almost all villages in the city district do not have the correct data, accurate and precise about the condition of the issues and potential of the village-owned. This research is expected to be the wrong way to know the future development opportunities by analyzing the revenue data from the agriculture sector to better decision making. And this data processing technique can be implanted for the local government to measure the success of its agriculture. The selection of features in this study is to use the Decision Tree algorithm to classify data automatically. After this research, the Accuracy of 90% obtained.

Keywords: DataMining, classification, Decision Tree, agriculture
Perbandingan Metode Average Linkage, Complete Linkage, dan Ward’S pada Pengelompokan Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah Berdasarkan Indikator Indeks Pembangunan Manusia
Authors: Widodo Edy , Mashita Syinta Nuri , Prasetyowati Yosi Ghea
Published: December 2021

Provinsi Jawa Tengah merupakan salah satu provinsi yang mempunyai prestasi kinerja yang signifikan. Hal tersebut dapat diketahui berdasarkan nilai pertumbuhan ekonomi Provinsi Jawa Tengah sebesar 5,28%. Pertumbuhan ekonomi di Jawa Tengah belum mencapai nilai yang maksimal hal ini dikarenakan belum meratanya tingkat perekonomian di beberapa wilayah di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Indeks Pembanguan Manusia (IPM) adalah pengukuran perbandingan dari harapan hidup, melek huruf, pendidikan dan standar hidup untuk semua negara di seluruh dunia. IPM  juga merupakan  suatu  tolak  ukur maju  atau  tidaknya  suatu  wilayah ataupun  daerah,  karena  dengan  tingkat  IPM  yang  tinggi  suatu  daerah  akan dikatakan berhasil dalam program pembangunannya. Analisis pengelompokkan adalah suatu metode untuk mengelompokan n objek berdasarkan p variat yang memiliki kesamaan karakteristik diantara objek-objek. Penelitian ini membandingkan 3 metode pengelompokkan yaitu average linkage, complete linkage,  dan ward’s yang bertujuan untuk mengelompokkan kabupaten/kota di provinsi Jawa Tengah berdasarkan data indikator IPM tahun 2018. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan metode pengelompokkan Average Linkage adalah yang terbaik dengan nilai korelasi cophenetic sebesar 0.865. Jumlah kelompok optimum didapatkan 3 kelompok dengan nilai indeks Calinzki Harabas sebesar 117.213. Metode cluster hierarki average linkage menghasilkan 3 kelompok, yaitu kelompok dengan kategori rendah sebanyak 20 kabupaten/kota, kelompok dengan kategori sedang sebanyak 12 kabupaten/kota dan kelompok dengan kategori tinggi sebanyak 3 kabupaten/kota. Hasil pengelompokan divisualisasikan dengan pemetaan pengelompokan kabupaten/kota di provinsi Jawa Tengah berdasarkan indikator IPM tahun 2018.
Pengujian Modifikasi Kernel Konvolusi Untuk Penajaman Dan Penghalusan Citra Berwarna
Authors: Sitinjak Suriski
Published: December 2021

Suatu citra digital terkadang memiliki kualitas yang kurang baik, misalnya terdapat noise, terlalu tajam, kurang tajam, kabur, terlalu gelap, terlalu terang, dan sebagainya. Untuk itu diperlukan perbaikan kualitas citra digital (image enhancement) sebagai proses awal pengolahan citra (image preprocessing) agar citra dapat digunakan untuk proses selanjutnya, seperti pengenalan pola (patern recognition). Konvolusi merupakan salah satu teknik perbaikan kualitas citra yang digunakan untuk memanipulasi piksel-piksel dalam citra, sehingga diperoleh citra yang memiliki sifat dan informasi yang diinginkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan eksperimen terhadap kernel/tapis konvolusi dengan beberapa pengujian untuk penajaman dan penghalusan citra berwarna. Hasil eksperimen/pengujian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat ketajaman suatu citra hasil konvolusi bergantung pada nilai tiap elemen dan ukuran matriks kernel. Semakin besar angka dan ukuran matriks yang digunakan maka semakin tinggi pula tingkat ketajaman yang dihasilkan. Pada penghalusan citra, tingkat kehalusan bergantung pada ukuran matriks kernel. Semakin besar ukuran matriks kernel maka semakin besar tingkat kehalusannya (semakin blur). Dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu mengetahui kernel yang tepat untuk memperbaiki kualitas suatu citra, sehingga dapat digunakan untuk proses lebih lanjut.
Kata kunci: konvolusi, kernel, citra digital
One Vehicle Routing Problem as the Best Solution for a Hangout Catering Company Expansion Plan with Lingo Software
Authors: Borman Mohammad Riski , Oktavia Mirani
Published: December 2021

Every company that has a desire to expand its working area or can be termed an expansion plan is an indication that the company has the will to continue and develop as well as proof that the company has good business prospects in the future. There are many things that can be done in an expansion effort for the company, including expanding the product marketing area. The expansion of the product marketing area will make the company face the problem of determining the route of product delivery so that it reaches all customers who are expected to pass the shortest mileage. In this studied, we examined the routes that the Hangout Catering Company had to take in order to obtain the best touring to reach the ten places that were expansion targets with three operating scenarios based on the number of vehicles used. The solution to this problem is obtained with the help of Lingo software.
ANALISIS GROUND VIBRATION DENGAN METODE PEAK PARTICLE VELOCITY (PPV)
Authors: Hadi S Hari , Wati Erna Kusuma , Kristiono Tomas
Published: December 2021

Measurement of Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) mm / sec in the Sabo dam construction project was carried out using seismic accelerometers. This study is to determine the value of PPV produced by construction equipment and then compared with the BS 6472-2: 2008 standard. The measurement method is carried out based on the applicable rules. PPV measurement results produced by each machine are different. In heavy equipment dump trucks, excavators, and front end loaders show PPV values at distances of 50 m, 100 m, 150 m and 200 m under safe conditions referring to the standard which is still in the range of 0.2 - 0.4 mm / sec. while for the pile driving device, demolition, vibrator pile driver at a distance of 50 meters are in unsafe conditions, because more than the range of 0.2 - 0.4 mm / sec, but at a distance of 100, 150, and 200 m PPV values are at safe condition

Key words: PPV, Ground Vibration, Dam sabo

 
ANALISIS KLASIFIKASI POPULASI TERNAK KAMBING DAN DOMBA DENGAN MODEL CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Primawati Alusyanti , Mutia Intan , Marlina Dwi
Published: December 2021

The number of goat populations is increasing all over the world. Sheep and goats are economically potential for business development because they do not require large areas of land, relatively small investment in business capital, and are easy to market. However, the similarities between goats and sheep can make small breeders who are just starting out in business nervous. Therefore, in goats and sheep, an intensive and efficient Precision Livestock Farming system is required. To answer this problem, goat and sheep objects was studied out using the collaboration software programming R and Python which executed in RStudio editor and Anaconda3 with the Tensor flow package. The sample data of 40 images. The model obtained from the classification results uses 20 pictures of goats and 20 pictures of sheep for training and testing. The accuracy produced shows that the prediction of training data at epoch 70 and 100 has the right accuracy with the actual data. This reinforces that the model used is good (fit) to the training dataset, but when it is applied to the testing dataset, the prediction results are still close to perfect. Epoch 70 identifies there is 1 image of a Goat which is recognized as Lamb.
Evaluation of State Levies Policy on Cigarette and E-Cigarette
Authors: Indriani  , Zaky Syahdan Ali
Published: December 2021

Cigarettes and e-cigarettes are goods that have negative externalities. Due to the negative externalities, thegovernment needs to control the consumption of these two goods with the imposition of state levies. From thisbackground, this study discusses the evaluation of policies on state levies imposed on cigarettes and ecigarettes. This study aims to determine the structure of state levies imposed on cigarettes and e-cigarettes,and to know the differences in treatment of state levies on cigarettes and e-cigarettes. This research hasqualitative research with descriptive research types. The results of this study found that conventionalcigarettes consisted of three levies, that was Excise, VAT Tobacco Products, and Cigarette Tax, while ecigarettes consisted of two levies, namely Excise and VAT Tobacco Products. In addition, it was also foundthat the difference in treatment of state levies on conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes, the first there was adifference in excise rates for the two goods, and the second there were differences in the treatment of cigarettetax imposition on the two goods. From the results of this study it is recommended that the government equalize the excise rates of the two goods and the Cigarette Tax treatment equation for the two goods.
A Perspective on Imposing Import Duty on Digital Goods in Indonesia
Authors: Imam Tri Wahyudi  , Akhmad Firdiansyah
Published: December 2021

Since 1998, the WTO Members have applied a moratorium against tariffs on internationalelectronic transmissions (commonly referred to as the WTO ‘E-Commerce’ Moratorium).However, some WTO Members have recently taken steps to undermine the Moratorium,given the potential revenues that might be generated by imposing tariffs on electronictransmissions, included Indonesia. With this potential revenues generated by imposingtariffs on electronic transmissions, the Indonesian government issued Ministry of FinanceRegulation No. 17/PMK.010/2018, provides Chapter 99 to covers intangible goods (ie,software and other digital products) that previously were not covered under the Indonesiantariff system. The next issues after regulation issued are how governments develop newcapabilities to implement it. This study will explore alternative policy to implementcustoms regulation related to digital goods with a qualitative approach using the casestudy.
Implementation of Customs Advance Ruling (AR) Facility as a Trade Facilitation Measure in Bangladesh: Prospect in Retrospect
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Akbar
Published: December 2021

The WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) and the WCO Revised Kyoto Convention (RKC)have clearly prescribed their Members to implement Advance Ruling (AR) facilities for avoidingdisputes between the Customs authorities and trade communities. If the future disputes can betreated before the arrival of imported or exportable goods at the borders, cross-border trade willbe facilitated reducing the cost and time of both the traders and customs. The developedcountries have been using the AR facilities for a long time to avoid future disputes, while thedeveloping countries are yet to initiate the journey in full swing. Because of the absence of AR,the customs authorities of the developing countries are bogged down in dealing with the courtcases originated from the disputes at the borders. Again, the traders are facing unwanted hasslesat borders that increases time and cost of doing business. Bangladesh implemented Customs ARon tariff classification in 2016. This article endeavors to examine the AR regime of Bangladesh.In particular, it analyzed the context that prompted Bangladesh customs not to implementing ARin its full scope i.e. for valuation, origin, duty drawback, etc. The limited interests of businessestowards Customs AR are also explored in this study. The study finds that the traders are highlybenefited from AR. However, as the AR facilities are given only for classification, and there aresome other platforms for having remedy for classification, the facilities could not attract thetraders as it was expected.
DETERMINING INDONESIAN LEADING LOGISTICS SECTOR
Authors: Munandar Yusuf
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine: (a) in which provisions the Transportation and Warehousing sector is a Basis and (b) in which provinces the Transportation and Warehousing sector is in quadrants I, II, III, and IV in the modified Klassen Typology analysis matrix. The research concludes that the Indonesian Logistics sector represented by the Indonesian Transportation and Warehousing sector is a Base sector in 14 provinces, is an advanced and developing economic sector (Quadrant 1) in 9 provinces, is a stagnant economic sector (Quadrant 2) in 5 provinces, is a developing economic sector (Quadrant 3) in 6 provinces, and is an underdeveloped and underdeveloped economic sector (Quadrant 4) in 14 provinces This research recommends that to increase Indonesia's economic growth in the next 5 years (2020-2024) the Indonesian government needs to focus on strengthening and developing the Transportation and Warehousing Sector in 9 provinces in Quadrant 1.
THE ADJUSTMENT OF NON-TAXABLE INCOME IN INDONESIA: ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL FEASIBILITY
Authors: Nugraha Nur Arif
Published: December 2021

ABSTRAK Indonesian government has an extensive experience in the adjustment of non-taxable income. Indonesian government decision to adjust non-taxable income has several impacts for Indonesian citizen. The adjustment is to increase an amount of non-taxable income. The most current policy of non-taxable income adjustment is effective from 1 January 2016. Therefore, there are some positive impacts and negative impacts. In one hand, an increase of non-taxable income has an impact to increase the purchasing power of people. On the other hand, this policy has an effect on income tax revenue for the country. This paper will focus on an increase of non-taxable income from the economic feasibility point of view. The first part will explain the policy problem within the implementation. The second part will elaborate an increase of non-taxable income from the economic feasibility point of view. The final part will give a recommendation for Indonesian government about the policy implementation.
Does Customs Facilitation Programs help enchance Regional Economic Growth ?
Authors: Fachrudin Mohammad , Nugroho Ario Seno , Akhzan Fardhani Hamiputri
Published: December 2021

To date, measuring the effect of customs facilitation and fiscal decentralization are seen as essential to assist regional government. This activities are important in order to direct the regional economic growth policy. The customs facilitation is important because this policy could reduce the tax rate in trade activities. While the fiscal descentralization gives the local governments higher authrority to manage their funds. The local government s need an assurance, regarding the relationship between the utilization of customs facilitation and the fiscal descentralization to their regional economic growth, in order to optimize the benefit of this instrument. This research describes the relationship between Customs facilitation, namely Free of import duty and import taxes, fiscal decentralization, namely own-source revenue and general allocation grant, to the regional economic growth in West Java. The panel data from 2012 to 2015 and regression analysis are used in this paper. The result implies that the customs facilitation, in the form of cooperation with Indonesia Investment Coordinating Board  import taxes, has a positive and significant impact on regional economic growth.
Studi Eksploratif Penanganan Faktur Pajak yang Tidak Berdasarkan Transaksi yang Sebenarnya
Authors: Al-Firdaus Farid
Published: December 2021

Upaya penanganan Faktur Pajak yang Tidak Berdasarkan Transaksi yang Sebenarnya (FP TBTS) atau faktur pajak fiktif oleh Direktorat Jenderal Pajak (DJP) melalui pembentukan Satuan Tugas Penanganan FP TBTS pada tahun 2014 dan 2015 belum dapat mencegah terjadinya kembali kasus tersebut pada tahun 2016. Melalui penelitian ini, peneliti bertujuan untuk menelaah penyebab berulangnya kasus tersebut dan strategi penanganan idealnya. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus dalam metode kualitatif, peneliti memfokuskan unit analisis pada Direktorat Penegakan Hukum dan Direktorat Intelijen Perpajakan. Peneliti melakukan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam dan melakukan analisis dengan model Miles and Huberman. Adapun hasil penelitian yang didapat terdiri dari gambaran umum kasus dan penanganan, penyebab kasus berulang, dan strategi penanganan ideal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, peneliti mendapatkan simpulan bahwa penyebab berulangnya kasus adalah kesempatan pelaku seperti pihak penerbit faktur pajak fiktif dan pihak perantara, serta proses bisnis pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak (KPP). Sebagai strategi penanganan ideal, diperlukan pembaharuan sistem informasi dan perubahan mekanisme PPN.
DIFERENSIASI TARIF PAJAK BUMI DAN BANGUNAN SEKTOR PERKEBUNAN, PERHUTANAN, DAN PERTAMBANGAN
Authors: Swasito Adhipradana Prabu , Aribawa Aang
Published: December 2021

Property tax rate differentiation has been widely used in many countries. Indonesia used a single tax rate for Land and Building Tax for Plantation, Forestry, Mining and Other Sectors (PBB P3L). This research adopts a Simple Additive Weighting Method to discuss property tax rate differentiation in Indonesia. We found that property tax rate differentiation can be formulated using particular criteria such as rate of return,  industries importance, and environmental impact. Diferensiasi tarif pajak properti berdasarkan jenis atau tujuan penggunaan properti sudah dilakukan di berbagai negara. Di Indonesia, berlaku tarif tunggal untuk Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan Perkebunan, Perhutanan, Pertambangan, dan Sektor Lainnya (PBB P3L). Tarif tersebut berlaku untuk setiap jenis properti yang menjadi objek pajak PBB P3L. Dengan menggunakan simple additive weighting method, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dengan menggunakan kriteria-kriteria tertentu seperti tingkat pengembalian usaha, tingkat kepentingan industri, dan tingkat dampak lingkungan,   dapat dilakukan diferensiasi tarif  pajak untuk PBB P3L.
PERLUKAH REVERSE TOBIN TAX DI INDONESIA?
Authors: Sulfan Sulfan
Published: December 2021

Investasi asing di Indonesia didominasi investasi portofolio dibandingkan foreign direct investment (FDI). Sejak akhir 2017, proporsi investasi portofolio asing lebih dari 70% berbentuk saham dan obligasi dan cenderung berjangka pendek sehingga arus modal keluar bisa tiba-tiba terjadi (sudden reversal). Dampaknya pasar keuangan tergoncang dan nilai tukar mata uang jatuh. Salah satu ide menahan investasi portofolio asing agar betah di Indonesia adalah diterapkannya kebijakan Reserved Tobin Tax(RTT). Berkebalikan dengan Tobin Tax yang memajaki transaksi portofolio, RTT memberikan insentif pajak atas portofolio asing yang bertahan untuk jangka waktu tertentu di Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, terdapat kebijakan yang hampir mirip dengan RTT yang telah diterapkan di Indonesia. PPh Ditanggung Pemerintah atas bunga Surat Berharga Negara (SBN) dan pemotongan PPh Final lebih rendah bahkan 0% atas bunga Deposito/Tabungan dalam mata uang Dollar Amerika Serikat yang dananya bersumber dari Devisa Hasil Ekspor (DHE). Kesulitan penentuan besaran insentif pajak, klaster jenis investasi portofolio, pencatatan dan pengawasan holding period, pihak ketiga yang ditunjuk pemerintah, dan pengawasan dari otoritas pajak, mengindikasikan belum saatnya pemerintah mengambil kebijakan RTT.
NUDGES PADA SP2DK SEBAGAI BAGIAN DARI UPAYA PENINGKATAN TAX COMPLIANCE DI INDONESIA
Authors: Wardana Arief Budi
Published: December 2021

Upaya peningkatan tax compliance menjadi isu penting seiring dengan peningkatan peranan pajak sebagai sumber penerimaan negara.   Tidak hanya upaya yang bersifat komprehensif, beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sentuhan kecil (nudges) mampu mempengaruhi peningkatan kepatuhan wajib pajak. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode studi pustaka, penulis membandingkan format SP2DK yang masih berlaku dengan beberapa surat yang berisi pesan norma sosial.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa format SP2DK existing belum berisi elemen-elemen yang memenuhi kriteria sebagai nudges. Walaupun demikian, kemungkinan SP2DK untuk dikembangkan menjadi alat untuk mempengaruhi kepatuhan wajib pajak masih terbuka lebar.
PERAN STRATEGIS PENILAI PBB-P2 BAGI PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Authors: Yuniarto Agung
Published: December 2021

Kebijakan pengalihan pemungutan pajak kepada pemerintah daerah (UU No 28 Tahun 2009 tentang PDRD), maka SDM Penilai PBB-P2 ini mempunyai peranan penting bagi Pemerintah Daerah untuk menentukan besarnya nilai tanah dan/atau bangunan dilakukan melalui suatu proses yang disebut dengan proses penilaian. Dalam kaitan dengan penentuan NJOP, penilaian dilakukan untuk mengestimasi nilai tanah dan/atau bangunan sebagai objek PBB. Nilai yang dihasilkan selanjutnya akan dikonversi kedalam klasifikasi tanah atau bangunan. Melihat kondisi yang demikian, penilai PBB-P2 sangatlah strategis, lalu bagaimana peran sebenarnya yang harus dilakukan oleh penilai PBB-P2 dan dampaknya bagi Pemerintah Daerah?  Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran strategis yang dimiliki oleh penilai PBB-P2 pada Pemerintah Daerah dalam proses kerjanya. Hasil kerja yang berdampak bagi penerimaan negara atau daerah dari sektor pajak. Metode yang digunakan yaitu analisis data sekunder (ADS) (Martono, 2011), mencakup dua proses pokok, yaitu mengumpulkan data dan menganalisisnya.  Penilai PBB P2 saat ini menjadi tanggung jawab pemerintah daerah, mulai dari penugasannya sampai dengan berusaha untuk menjadikan penilai profesional dengan tidak semata-mata mengedepankan kepentingan dearah dalam ranga meningkatkan PAD, tetapi juga mempertimbangkan aspek sosiologis dan kultural daerah. Pemerintah daerah saat ini juga mempunyai tugas untuk terus meningkatkan kompetensi dan profesionalitas penilai pajak.