bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep-water cycling and the Magmatic History of the Earth
Authors: Seales Johnny , Lenardic Adrian , Richards Mark
Published: January 2022

Earth is a magmatically active planet. Magmatism connects Earth's interior to its atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere through cycling of volatiles, greenhouse gasses, and nutrients. Earth's magmatic history is intertwined with its thermal and tectonic evolution. How magmatism has evolved and been maintained in the face of planetary cooling remains an open question. We address this question using data-constrained deep-water cycling and thermal history models. We track magmatic potential using a homologous temperature: the ratio of upper mantle to melting temperatures. After an initial decline, homologous temperature is buffered at a nearly constant value from roughly 2.5-2.0 Ga to the present day. Melt buffering reflects two factors: 1) The dependence of melting temperature on water content, and 2) The dependence of mantle viscosity on temperature and water content. The latter allows solid Earth evolution to self-regulate via feedbacks that keep mantle viscosity at a near constant value. Self-regulation occurs even though the mantle remains far from thermal equilibrium, consistent with heat flow data. The added feedback from water-dependent melting allows magmatism to be co-buffered over geological time. This indicates that coupled thermal and water cycling feedbacks have maintained melting on Earth and associated volcanic/magmatic activity. Magmatic self-regulation affects not only the lifetime of geological activity on Earth but also, to the degree that planetary life connects to volcanic activity, the maintenance of conditions favorable for life.
Increased Perceived Stress is Negatively Associated with Activities of Daily Living and Subjective Quality of Life in Younger, Middle, and Older Autistic Adults
Authors: McQuaid Goldie , Weiss Colin H H , Said Alex Job , Pelphrey Kevin A. , Lee Nancy Raitano , Wallace Gregory
Published: January 2022

Few studies have examined self-reported perceived stress in autistic adults. Existing studies have included relatively small, predominantly male samples and have not included older autistic adults. Using a large autistic sample (N=713), enriched for individuals assigned female at birth (59.3%), and spanning younger, middle, and older adulthood, we examined perceived stress and its associations with independence in activities of daily living and subjective quality of life (QoL). Perceived stress for autistic adults designated male or female at birth was compared to their same birth-sex counterparts in a general population sample. In addition, within the autistic sample, effects of sex designated at birth, age, and their interaction were examined. Regression modeling examined effects of perceived stress in autistic adults on independence in activities of daily living and domains of subjective QoL after controlling for age, sex designated at birth and household income. Autistic adults reported significantly greater perceived stress than a general population comparison sample. Relative to autistic adults designated male at birth, those designated female at birth demonstrated significantly elevated perceived stress. Perceived stress contributed significantly to all regression models, with greater perceived stress associated with less independence in activities of daily living, and poorer subjective QoL across all domains—Physical, Psychological, Social, Environment and Autism-related QoL. Findings are contextualized within the literature documenting that autistic individuals experience heightened rates of adverse life events and increased exposure to minority stress.
Return of the math: Markov blankets, dynamical systems theory, and the bounds of the mind
Authors: Colling Lincoln J
Published: January 2022

Bruineberg and colleagues highlight work using Markov blankets to demarcate the bounds of the mind. This echoes earlier attempts to demarcate the bounds of the mind from a dynamical systems perspective. Advocates of mechanistic explanation have challenged the dynamical approach to independently motivate the application of the formalism, a challenge that Markov blanket theorists must also meet.
Contemporary Nepali Arts: Some Shocking Trends
Authors: Sharma Yam Prasad
Published: January 2022

In contemporary Nepali arts, there are some trends that shock any sensible viewer or any informed person in the area. Some artists repeat the same subject matter, figure and technique throughout their life or from the beginning of their profession till now. The presentation of the same thing all the time creates monotony and nausea in the viewers. The question arises: how can an artist do the same thing all the time? Some artists see the works of famous western artists in art history books, art magazines and the world wide web, and they copy their subject matters and techniques thinking that they can create works and be famous. Some artists randomly splash and pour colors on the canvas and say that the mess and confusion in the canvas is abstract art. They opine that nobody can understand abstract art. They are fooling the viewers. Some artists call themselves modern Nepali artists, for they have practiced modern techniques of western arts. Some artists print the photograph on the canvas, make the photograph rough using paints and call it their paintings thinking that the viewers will be fooled. Some artists do realistic paintings with sweats and tireless efforts to earn their livelihood but when it comes to the exhibition of artworks, they make abstract paintings in few minutes. We can find such naïve and shocking trends in some senior artists as well, and young artists following their footprints. As a result, a substantial portion of Nepali art has already entered the whirlpool presenting its non-existent situation which demands immediate rescue from real artists and intellectuals. The scenario of art can be an analogy of the social and political situation of Nepal. We talk about great revolutions, changes and achievements but the situation of people is getting worse and civilization has been degenerated.
Effectiveness of educational virtual class during Covid-19- with reference of Music online class of Fine Arts Campus, TU
Authors: Poudel Parsuram Prasad
Published: January 2022

As the Covid19 pandemic started, COVID infected nations announced to keep physical distance, affected all the human activities, as a result, educational institutions closed physically. The aim of the present research was to study the effectiveness of virtual class during Covid-19 with reference to music online class of Fine Arts Campus, TU. An online survey design was used by taking responses of 47 students of the Bachelors' program and further corresponded with 16 teachers, and 17 parents for the data collection through Google Form. The finding of the research indicates that the online mode of the educational class, with reference to practical and theory music subjects, was ineffective for students and effective for teachers and parents.
Art in nature: Shifting trends in Nepali sculpture
Authors: Khattri Om
Published: January 2022

Art has its environment and meaning, and it can exist free from a pedestal. Different approaches have sprung up with current environmental impacts, including other outdoor sculptures in Nepal as a modern movement. This form of activity has given new meaning to local indigenous values, art, and crafts. The transition started after some naturalistic sculptures, including equestrian statues, were brought from Europe and installed in the open environment. Environmental sculpture is a type of public art that creates or changes the spectators' surroundings. Nepalese sculptors have practiced a new genre as an alternative discipline of sculpture. A significant sculpture, Nirmāna, which means construction, was created by Thakur Prasad Mainali in 2024-25 B.S. at Bhirkutimandap, Kathmandu. Hence, two methodological approaches-primary observation and historical connections used to conduct this study. Besides numerous modern sculptures, this investigation focused on the earliest environmental sculptures. The study also explores the historical significance of sculpture in Nepal as it evolved and assimilated into modernity over time. After centuries of artistic and cultural legacy in Nepal, environmental sculpture underwent new changes.
पौभाः र थान्का चित्रहरूमा रेखाद्वारा निर्मित आकार–प्रकार बीचको तुलनात्मक अध्ययन {A comparative study between the shapes and types formed by lines in the Paubha and Thanka paintings}
Authors: पौडेल Poudel मकुन्द Mukunda
Published: January 2022

नेवारी शब्दको रूपमा परिचित पौभाः र तिब्बती शब्दको रूपमा परिचित थान्का चित्रमा प्रयोग भएका हरेक विषयवस्तुहरूएउटै जस्तो देखिएता पनि तिनीहरूका आकार–प्रकार बीच भिन्नता रहेको पाइन्छ । चित्रमा देखिने देवीदेवताहरू, उनीहरूलेपहिरिएका आभूषणहरू, वस्त्र लगायत मानवाकृति, धर्मगुरु, पशुपंक्षीका आकृतिहरूको साथै दृश्य चित्रमा प्रयोग हुने बादल,बोटबिरुवा, रूख, आगो, पानी आदि हरेक विषयवस्तुलाई गतिशिल र प्रवाही रेखाद्वारा आआफ्नै भित्र र मौलिक आकार–प्रकारमाढालेर चित्रमा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । जसले गर्दा यिनीहरूका विषयवस्तुहरूको बनौट र आकार–प्रकारमा भित्रता आएको छ । तर तीआकार–प्रकारहरू बीच त्यति ठूलो भिन्नता चाहिँ देखिँदैन । यो लेखले थान्का र पौभाः चित्रहरूमा केकस्ता र कसरी आकारप्रकारहरू प्रयोग भएका छन् भत्रे बारेमा तुलनात्मक अध्ययन गर्ने कोशिस गरेको छ । {Although the Newari word pauvaha and the Tibetan word thanka used in the painting seem to be the same, they differ in shape and form. The gods and goddesses seen in the picture, the ornaments they are wearing, the garments including human figures, religious leaders, animal and bird figures as well as the clouds, plants, trees, fire, water etc.  Due to which, there is an intrusion in the structure and shape of these subjects. But there is not much difference between the three types. This article attempts to make a comparative study of what and how shapes are used in Thanka and Paubha paintings.}
संगीत शास्त्र तथा प्रयोगको दृष्टिमा राग बसन्तको अध्ययन {Study of Raga Basanta in terms of musicology and usage}
Authors: घिमिरे Ghimire पार्वती Parbati
Published: January 2022

वसंत ऋतुमा धेरै प्रस्तुत गरिने ऋतुकालीन राग बसंत प्रचीनकालदेखि वर्तमानसम्म संगीतका शास्त्रग्रन्थहरुमा उल्लेखित छसाथै प्रयोगात्मक रुपमा पनि प्रचलित छ । प्रस्तुत अध्ययनको मुख्य उदेश्य संगीत शिक्षक, विद्यार्थी, आलोचक, समालोचक तथाशास्त्रीय संगीतका पारखीहरुलाई राग वसन्तको फराकिलो क्षेत्र दर्शन गराई राग ज्ञानको भण्डार बढाउनु हो । विभिन्न संगीत शास्त्रग्रन्थहहरुको अध्ययन, संगीतका विद्घान कलाकारहरुसँग राग चर्चा, रेकर्डेड राग वसन्तको श्रवण आदि स्रोतहरुद्वारा तथ्यांक संकलनगरि प्रस्तुत अध्ययनमा विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । यस किसिमको राग अध्ययनको प्रयोग मुख्य रुपमा संगीतका विद्यार्थीरुलाई सहीशिक्षा दिन, राग चिन्तन तथा ज्ञानको क्षेत्र बढाउन, रागलाई लोप हुनबाट बचाई जीवित राख्नको लागि हुन्छ । प्रस्तुत अध्ययनद्वाराराग वसन्तको अध्ययन गर्दा अलग अलग स्वर प्रयोग भएको भेटियो । {The seasonal raga, which is often performed in the spring, is mentioned in the musical scriptures from ancient times to the present.Also prevalent experimentally. The main objectives of the present study are music teachers, students, critics, critics and It is to increase the store of knowledge of Raga by showing the connoisseurs of classical music a wide field of Raga Vasant. Various musicologyCollection of data from sources such as study of texts, raga discussions with music scholars, listening to recorded raga spring etc. Has been analyzed in the present study. The use of this type of raga study is mainly suitable for music students To educate, to increase the field of raga thinking and knowledge, to keep the raga alive from extinction. By the present studyWhile studying Raga Vasant, it was found that different tones were used.}
Effect of back massage on pain perception during first stage of labor among primi mothers in a teaching hospital
Authors: Karki Pratiksha
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Labor pain is experienced and endured by every childbearing woman, and pain relief measures are often neglected. Thus, this study aimed to identify the effect of back massage on pain perception during the first stage of labor among primi mothers at Patan Hospital.
Method: A quasi experimental study was conducted among 56 primi mothers (28 experimental and 28 control groups) selected purposively in the active room of the maternity ward. Mothers who met the inclusion criteria were assigned non-randomly into experimental (received usual labor care and mustard oil back massage) and control groups (received usual labor care). The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to assess labor pain before and after 15 minutes of intervention in both groups, and the data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 16 software.
Result: The mean score of pain perceived by mothers before intervention in the experimental group was 68.21 mm, and the control group was 69.39 mm. There was a significant difference in pain perception before and after back massage in the experimental group (p<0.001). Similarly, a significant difference was found after intervention in the experimental and control groups (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Back massage was effective in reducing labor pain. The findings of the study might be helpful to those planning to include labor pain relief measures in maternity wards.
Pregabalin and intravenous lidocaine for management of postoperative pain and surgical stress response in elective laparotomies: A double blind randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ruparelia Jigish , Giri Prakriti
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Postoperative pain remains a significant problem in patients undergoing abdominal surgeries, and has a profound effect on patient recovery. High-dose opioids hamper bowel motility and increase nausea and vomiting. Intravenous lidocaine has been used as part of a multimodal analgesia protocol for providing effective pain relief and attenuating surgery-associated inflammatory response. Preoperative pregabalin also has a beneficial effect in reducing pain. This study was carried out to assess the efficacy of combining these drugs in reducing pain, paralytic ileus, and stress response.
Method: Patients undergoing elective laparotomy were randomized into two groups. Group A patients received preoperative placebo and intraoperative lidocaine infusion. Group B patients received preoperative pregabalin and lidocaine. The pain was assessed using a visual analog scale at 2, 6, 18, and 24 hours postoperatively. Morphine consumption on a patient-controlled analgesia pump was also noted. Surgical stress response was assessed by measuring perioperative total leucocyte count, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein.
Result: Postoperative pain scores at 6, 18, and 24 hours were significantly lower in Group B patients who had received pregabalin. These patients also had lower morphine consumption and earlier bowel recovery as measured by the first passage of stools. Perioperative inflammatory markers were similar in both groups.
Conclusion: Preoperative pregabalin when used with intravenous lidocaine has a synergistic effect on reducing postoperative pain and opioid consumption. This also has a beneficial effect on the return of bowel function.
A Machine-Learning Analysis of the Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Small Business Owners and Implications for Canadian Government Policy Response
Authors: Isabelle Diane A. , Han Yu (Jade) , Westerlund Mika
Published: January 2022

This study applies a machine-learning technique to a dataset of 38,000 textual comments from Canadian small business owners on the impacts of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Topic modelling revealed seven topics covering the short- and longer-term impacts of the pandemic, government relief programs and loan eligibility issues, mental health, and other impacts on business owners. The results emphasize the importance of policy response in aiding small business crisis management and offer implications for theory and policy. Moreover, the study provides an example of using a machine-learning–based automated content analysis in the fields of crisis management, small business, and public policy.
A Pan-Canadian Perspective on Education and Training Priorities for Physiotherapists. Part 1: Foundations for Clinical Practice
Authors: Kleiner Michelle J. , Walton David M.
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Canadian physiotherapists who participated in the Physio Moves Canada (PMC) project of 2017 identified the current state of training programmes as a threat facing professional growth of the discipline in Canada. One purpose of this project was to identify key priority areas for physiotherapist training programmes as identified by academics and clinicians across Canada. Method: The PMC project included a series of interviews and focus groups conducted across clinical sites in every Canadian province and in the Yukon Territory. Data were interpreted using descriptive thematic analysis; identified sub-themes were returned to participants for reflection. Results: Overall, 116 physiotherapists and 1 physiotherapy assistant participated in 10 focus groups and 26 semi-structured interviews. Participants identified critical appraisal of continuing professional development options, knowledge translation, cultural fluency, professionalism, pharmaceutical knowledge, and clinical reasoning as priorities. For clinical practice specifically, participants identified practical knowledge, scope of practice, exercise prescription, health promotion, care of complex patients, and digital technologies as the priorities. Conclusion: Training priorities identified by participants may be useful to physiotherapy educators in preparing graduates to be adaptable and flexible primary health care providers for the future needs of a diverse population.
Impact of Interspace Distraction on Fusion and Clinical Outcomes in Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Lawless Michael H. , Yoon Elise J. , Jasinski Jacob M. , Gabrail Joseph , Jordan Noah , Kado Karl , Tong Doris , Soo Teck M. , Carr Daniel A.
Published: January 2022

Study Design: Longitudinal cohort study.Purpose: To determine the effect of change in interspace height on fusion and postoperative neck pain.Overview of Literature: The optimal height of a cervical interbody device (cage) in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is not well defined. In addition, the effect of interspace distraction on fusion and postoperative neck pain remains unclear.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of consecutive patients who underwent one- or two-level ACDF using polyetheretherketone cages by multiple surgeons from January 2015 to June 2016. We excluded patients younger than 18 years old, patients who had prior surgery at the same level (s), those with two-stage procedures, and those with less than 3 months of followup. Fusion was determined using the “Song” criteria. Ordinal regression was used to determine predictors of fusion. Patient-reported outcomes (PRO) were analyzed.Results: We identified 323 consecutive patients. Twenty-two patients met the exclusion criteria. A total of 435 operative levels were included in the 301 remaining patients. Interspace fusion did not significantly vary by increasing interspace height with fusion rates between 76.2% and 82.8% at a mean follow-up of 17.9±12.6 months. The effect of an increase in interspace height and neck pain PRO was available for 163 patients who underwent one-level ACDF at a mean follow-up period of 16.2±13.1 months. We found no significant difference in fusion rate or neck pain score with increasing interspace height from 1 to 8 mm. Ordinal regression demonstrated no significant predictors of fusion.Conclusions: Interspace distraction from 1 to 8 mm did not result in significantly different pseudarthrosis rates or postoperative neck pain.
Morphometric comparison of Fisch type A and endoscopic endonasal far-medial supracondylar approaches to the jugular foramen
Authors: Hara Takuma , Mahmoud Mohammad Salah , Martinez-Perez Rafael , McGahan Ben G. , Hardesty Douglas A. , Albonette-Felicio Thiago , Carrau Ricardo L. , Prevedello Daniel M.
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

The jugular foramen (JF) is one of the most complex and challenging skull base regions to approach surgically. The extreme medial approach to access the JF provides the approach angle from an anterior direction and does not require dissection and sacrifice of the jugular bulb (JB) to reach the pars nervosa. The authors compared the Fisch type A approach to the extreme medial approach to access the JF and evaluated the usefulness of the extreme medial approach.

METHODS

This study was performed at the Anatomical Laboratory for Visuospatial Innovations in Otolaryngology and Neurosurgery of The Ohio State University. For the comparison of surgical maneuverability and visualization, two angles were measured: 1) the angle of attack (AoA), defined as the widest angle of movement achieved with a straight dissector; and 2) the angle of endoscopic exposure (AoEE), defined as the widest angle of movement in the nasal cavity. The differences in eustachian tube (ET) management, approach angle, surgical maneuverability, and surgical application of the Fisch type A approach to the extreme medial approach were compared.

RESULTS

There was no difference between ET mobilization and transection regarding cranial-caudal (CC) or medial-lateral (ML) AoA (p = 0.646). The CC-AoA of the Fisch type A approach was significantly wider than the CC-AoA of the extreme medial approach (p = 0.001), and the CC-AoEE was significantly wider than the CC-AoA of the extreme medial approach (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the CC-AoA of the Fisch type A approach and the CC-AoEE. The ML-AoA of the Fisch type A approach was significantly wider than the ML-AoA of the extreme medial approach (p = 0.033), and the ML-AoEE was significantly wider than ML-AoA in the extreme medial approach (p < 0.001). The ML-AoEE was significantly wider than the ML-AoA in the Fisch type A approach (p = 0.033).

CONCLUSIONS

The surgical maneuverability of the extreme medial approach was not inferior to that of the Fisch type A approach. The extreme medial approach can provide excellent surgical field visualization, while preserving the JB. Select cases of chordomas, chondrosarcomas, and JF schwannomas should be considered for an extreme medial approach. These two approaches are complementary, and a case-by-case detailed analysis should be conducted to decide the best approach.
Deep brain stimulation for extreme behaviors associated with autism spectrum disorder converges on a common pathway: a systematic review and connectomic analysis
Authors: Yan Han , Elkaim Lior M. , Venetucci Gouveia Flavia , Huber Joelene F. , Germann Jurgen , Loh Aaron , Benedetti-Isaac Juan Carlos , Doshi Paresh K. , Torres Cristina V. , Segar David J. , Elias Gavin J. B. , Boutet Alexandre , Cosgrove G. Rees , Fasano Alfonso , Lozano Andres M. , Kulkarni Abhaya V. , Ibrahim George M.
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may display extreme behaviors such as self-injury or aggression that often become refractory to psychopharmacology or behavioral intervention. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a surgical alternative that modulates brain circuits that have yet to be clearly elucidated. In the current study the authors performed a connectomic analysis to identify brain circuitry engaged by DBS for extreme behaviors associated with ASD.

METHODS

A systematic review was performed to identify prior reports of DBS as a treatment for extreme behaviors in patients with ASD. Individual patients’ perioperative imaging was collected from corresponding authors. DBS electrode localization and volume of tissue activated modeling were performed. Volumes of tissue activated were used as seed points in high-resolution normative functional and structural imaging templates. The resulting individual functional and structural connectivity maps were pooled to identify networks and pathways that are commonly engaged by all targets.

RESULTS

Nine patients with ASD who were receiving DBS for symptoms of aggression or self-injurious behavior were identified. All patients had some clinical improvement with DBS. Connectomic analysis of 8 patients (from the systematic review and unpublished clinical data) demonstrated a common anatomical area of shared circuitry within the anterior limb of the internal capsule. Functional analysis of 4 patients identified a common network of distant brain areas including the amygdala, insula, and anterior cingulate engaged by DBS.

CONCLUSIONS

This study presents a comprehensive synopsis of the evidence for DBS in the treatment of extreme behaviors associated with ASD. Using network mapping, the authors identified key circuitry common to DBS targets.
Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging may predict poor outcome in children with severe traumatic brain injuries who undergo cranial surgery
Authors: Baker Cordell M. , Cox Andrew Parker , Hunsaker Joshua C. , Scoville Jonathan , Bollo Robert J.
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

Multiple studies have evaluated the use of MRI for prognostication in pediatric patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and have found a correlation between diffuse axonal injury (DAI)–type lesions and outcome. However, there remains a limited understanding about the use of MRI for prognostication after severe TBI in children who have undergone cranial surgery.

METHODS

Children with severe TBI who underwent craniectomy or craniotomy at Primary Children’s Hospital in Salt Lake City, Utah, between 2010 and 2019 were identified retrospectively. Of these 92 patients, 43 underwent postoperative brain MRI within 4 months of surgery. Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) and FLAIR sequences were used to designate areas of hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic cerebral lesions related to DAI. Patients were then stratified based on the location of the DAI as read by a neuroradiologist as superficial, deep, or brainstem. The location of the DAI and other variables associated with poor outcome, including Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, pediatric trauma score, mechanism of injury, and time to surgery, were analyzed for correlation with poor outcome. Outcomes were reported using the King’s Outcome Scale for Childhood Head Injury (KOSCHI).

RESULTS

In the 43 children with severe TBI who underwent postoperative brain MRI, the median GCS score on arrival was 4. The most common cause of injury was falls (14 patients, 33%). The most common primary intracranial pathology was subdural hematoma in 26 patients (60%), followed by epidural hematoma in 9 (21%). Fifteen patients (35%) had cerebral herniation and 31 (72%) had evidence of contusion. Variables associated with poor outcome included cerebral herniation (r = 0.338, p = 0.027) and location of DAI (r = 0.319, p = 0.037). In a separate analysis, brainstem DAI was shown to predict poor outcome, whereas location (no, superficial, or deep DAI) did not. Logistic regression showed that brainstem DAI (OR 22.3, p = 0.020) had a higher odds ratio than cerebral herniation (OR 10.5, p = 0.044) for poor outcome. Thirty-six children (84%) had a satisfactory outcome at last follow-up; 3 (7%) children died.

CONCLUSIONS

The majority of children in this series who presented with a severe TBI and underwent craniectomy or craniotomy made a satisfactory recovery. In patients in whom there is a concern for poor outcome, the location of DAI-type lesions with SWI and FLAIR may assist in prognostication. The authors’ results revealed that DAI-type lesions in the brainstem and evidence of cerebral herniation may indicate a poorer prognosis; however, more studies with larger cohorts are needed to make definitive conclusions.
Gender Relations in Indigenous Yoruba Culture: Questioning Feminism Action and Advocacy
Authors: Muraina Luqman , Ajímátanraẹjẹ Abdulkareem Jeleel
Published: January 2022

Western feminism has diffused to many other cultures, who have imbibed without proper reflection. This is similar for the Yorùbá people of South-Western Nigeria. Yorùbá culture is gender-neutral and gender-silent; women are seen as complementary and not subordinate to men. Hence, (Oyěwùmí 1997), caution must be raised on the continual adoption of mainstream Western feminist philosophy in Yorùbá culture. Consequently, an argument was submitted for a different approach to doing feminism in Yorùbá culture. In essence, colonial imposition of gender binary in Yorùbá society; roles and gender status of women in traditional Yorùbá culture; women anti-colonial and feminist activities were discussed. The decolonization of Africa and the Yorùbá education system to include a properly historicized indigenous knowledge was recommended. Current feminist movements must also develop a 'shared text of blackness'. The duo should align and improve the worth of women based on the indispensability and esteemed status offered to women in pre-colonial Yorùbá society.
Le choix des organes constituents dans un contexte fragile ou en situation de conflit: Document d’orientation n° 16 d’IDEA International
Authors: Zulueta-Fülscher Kimana , Bisarya Sumit
Published: January 2022

De plus en plus souvent, les processus de réforme constitutionnelle sont considérés comme des éléments critiques des processus de consolidation de la paix et de (re)construction des États. En situation de conflit, un processus d’élaboration d’une constitution est souvent nécessaire pour renégocier les modalités d’accès au pouvoir et aux ressources publics. Idéalement, la constitution qui en résulte rend l’État plus inclusif, et donc, plus attentif aux besoins d’un plus grand nombre de groupes sociaux, politiques et/ou économiques, ce qui contribue au maintien d’une paix durable et évite la reprise des conflits. Le choix des rédacteurs de la constitution et le mode de sélection des organes dépositaires de ce processus sont des éléments cruciaux du processus constituant et déterminent souvent la légitimité du processus dans son ensemble, ainsi que le contenu et la réussite de la constitution. Ce document d’orientation examine les types d’organes constituants (OC) impliqués dans 37 processus d’élaboration de constitutions post-conflit qui se sont déroulés entre 1991 et 2018, et la façon dont ils ont été sélectionnés. En outre, il analyse la fréquence des différents types d’OC en situation de conflit, et tente de déterminer si le processus constituant et sa conception ont une incidence sur le type d’OC choisi.
PENGARUH LIKUIDIAS DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM MELALUI PRICE TO BOOK VALUE SEBAGAI PEMODERASI
Authors: Saputra Syailendra Eka , Natassia Risky , Utami Hayu Yolanda
Published: January 2022

This study aims to prove and analyze the direct and indirect effect of liquidity and profitability on stock prices through Price to Book Value as moderating. This research was conducted on manufacturing companies in the goods and consumption sub-sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research period is from 2016 to 2020. The analysis method is carried out using a moderating regression analysis. Based on the results of hypothesis testing in the first sub-structure, it was found that liquidity and profitability had a direct effect on the price to book value of manufacturing companies in the goods and consumption sub-sector, while in the second sub-structure model it was found that liquidity had no significant effect on stock prices, while profitability had a significant effect on stock prices of manufacturing companies. goods and consumption sub-sector. In the indirect effect testing stage, it was found that price to book value did not moderate the effect of liquidity on stock prices, while price to book value strengthened the influence formed between profitability on stock prices in manufacturing companies in the goods and consumption sub-sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
Tutoring and Training of University Students
Authors: Bernardo Zárate Carlos Enrique , Rivera Rojas Claudia Noemi , Montes Yacsahuache Aurora Elizabeth , Mancilla Curi Benita Sonia
Published: January 2022

University tutoring is a process of accompaniment during the training of students that takes place through personalized attention and social coexistence. University Training is a set of formal approaches to didactic processes that enable the training, preparation or improvement of the student for their professional development and improvement from the beginning of their career. This initial training can be complemented with subsequent courses. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between University Tutoring and University Training of Students. The research is of a non-experimental applied type where the study of the already existing phenomenon is observed and described in its natural environment. It is concluded that, There is a direct and significant relationship between the development of tutoring and the university education of students. The participation of teachers as it has a direct relationship in the university education of students and there is a relationship between tutoring and the development of the professional profile of students, this being a non-cognitive area, which contributes to human development, it is of utmost importance its study as it will allow us to establish the dimensions and impact that this service has on student care.
Responsabilidad social empresarial y el cuidado del medio ambiente
Authors: Pecho Rivera Cristina , Cotrina Aliaga Juan Carlos , Lancho Sánchez Jorge Luis , Ulfe Vega Julio Manuel
Published: January 2022

A partir de una revisión bibliográfica acerca de la responsabilidad social empresarial y el cuidado del medio ambiente, se intenta describir como la responsabilidad contribuye de manera adecuada al cuidado del medio ambiente, donde el desarrollo de las empresas deben considerar buscar un equilibrio entre el crecimiento empresarial y el medio ambiente, se puede establecer que la responsabilidad social es una base fundamental en los procesos y su relación con el medio ambiente, es decir todo es un proceso recursivo ya que la responsabilidad social conduce a un mejor cuidado del mundo.
Participación de actores sociales en gestión de programas estratégicos de salud en la región Huancavelica Perú
Authors: TUNQUE LIZANA MÁXIMO ALFONSO , POLO ESCOBAR BENJAMÍN ROLDAN , COLLANTES JIMÉNEZ HAYDEE EMILIA , CORDOVA SOLIS HERBERT CHRISTIAN
Published: January 2022

Los gobiernos regionales vienen implementando las políticas nacionales del Gobierno Peruano, en materia de la salud pública, el presente artículo tuvo como propósito analizar y explicar la influencia de la participación de actores sociales en la gestión de los programas estratégicos de salud en la región Huancavelica Perú, inicialmente se partió de unos antecedentes en el contexto internacional y nacional; posteriormente se realiza la conceptualización de la participación y la gestión en salud. La metodología de la investigación tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo, se utilizó un diseño no experimental de nivel descriptivo explicativo de corte transversal, la muestra fue realizada a doce organizaciones sociales y 368 colaboradores que cumplen funciones de salud a quienes se les aplicó tres cuestionarios con 78 ítems; para el análisis de datos se utilizó el programa SPSS 25 con una significancia de 0,05 y para la prueba estadística se utilizó la Regresión Lineal Simple con el enfoque P valor de Fisher. Los resultados encontrados fueron que existe una influencia significativa de la participación de actores sociales en la gestión de programas estratégicos de salud. Como conclusión a mayor participación de actores involucrados en el quehacer de salud mejora la gestión de programas estratégicos evidenciándose progreso de indicadores trazadores.
FACTORES QUE INFLUYEN EN EL DESARROLLO DE PROYECTOS EN INSTITUCIONES PÚBLICAS
Authors: Reyes Ramírez Raúl Eduardo , Castro Castillo Deborah Mercedes , Díaz Espinoza Maribel , Zapata Quispe Raquel
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo aborda el desarrollo de alternativas  respondiendo a necesidades de  colectivos humanos, los objetivos se inspiran en un trabajo de investigación en desarrollo que persigue identificar los elementos de diseño de un proyecto especial, diagnosticar los factores que inciden en la ejecución de proyectos especiales, determinar los factores para la mejora de estos proyectos, en este sentido, la respuesta estratégica para  identificar las necesidades y su aplicación a carencias como la salud, educación, empleo, acceso a la vivienda y servicios eléctricos, y sanitarios que afectan a los ciudadanos,  Munsibay (2019), Armendáriz & Fretes, (2017), Lovón (2019), entre otros, destacan la existencia de necesidades y cómo los proyectos aporten  respuestas para  la población, la metodología es investigación empírica, como fenómeno contemporáneo en entorno real con informantes de la gestión de proyectos especiales, analizando creación y gestión. Los resultados estarán orientados por Project Managment Institute (PMI),  zonas de conocimiento,  debatiendo la desviación de costos,  tiempo en la ejecución,  calidad de logro, llegando a conclusiones y recomendaciones vinculadas a estos bajo los lineamientos de la teoría general de sistemas cuyo enfoque profundiza las características a nivel estructural y funcional de los proyectos como sistemas activos, flexibles y auditables.

Palabras clave: Proyectos especiales- sistemas activos - respuesta estratégica
Desarrollo del pensamiento crítico en estudiantes de educación media.
Authors: Gutiérrez Cárdenas María Cristina , Espinal Farfan Carmen Angelica , Rubina Ticlla María Elena
Published: January 2022

Introducción. El progresivo incremento de las competencias cognitivas, los nuevos escenarios generados por fenómenos emergentes, los altos índices de incertidumbre para una toma de decisiones adecuadas, así como la complejidad con la que deben ser abordados con responsabilidad y con plena conciencia de las probables consecuencias, requieren que el pensamiento crítico sea enseñado desde las aulas, a través del uso de la virtualidad, para que se convierta en una herramienta útil en la cotidianeidad y se avance de cara a los nuevos escenarios con cautela y valorando tanto los riesgos como las ventajas. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el pensamiento crítico en la educación media, para ello fueron analizados 31 artículos de bases de datos indizadas. El método: se realizó una investigación de revisión de literatura científica, los datos se analizaron con un software para investigación cualitativa y fueron sometidos a análisis de contenido, Resultados: de las categorías identificadas muestran que se fundamenta en criterios, es autocorrectivo y es flexible al contexto; Conclusiones: que el pensamiento crítico es una habilidad de orden superior que requiere una serie de procesos como fundamentación, autorreflexión, contextualización, se nutre del conocimiento y la experiencia y se desarrolla tanto en ambientes presenciales como en escenarios virtuales.

Palabras clave: Pensamiento crítico, autocorrección, flexibilización.
EDUCATIONAL STRATEGIES IN TIMES OF PANDEMIC
Authors: Cherres de Davila Rosemary , Barboza Acuña Alvarino
Published: January 2022

This literature review article aims to determine how the application of pedagogical strategies is the fundamental basis to be able to achieve the challenges during education in times of pandemic, these strategies would help improve educational quality and thus help solve this problem. This change in learning, immediate to the review of the information, assigns the initiative and participation of the students in the development of the strategies and they comply through the management of their learning. Likewise in this study work, we must take into account that strategies based on technologies do not improve this problem in the teaching of learning, on the contrary, they can cause new problems like any innovative strategy, it will depend on the way of proper use that is made and the benefits that can guarantee, as well as the implementation in a comprehensive educational project and the design of an adequate methodology. It depends on the quality of teaching, based on the use of intellectual, concrete, skillful and economic resources available, with the support of the human component, specifically from teachers and students. In the first place, all the revised references to the research topic are presented, then the method used for the study is described, consisting of the literature review of the topic with a descriptive methodological point of view and finally it is concluded that the strategies methodological, during the pandemic it has become a very important means that reaffirms learning, extending traditional classrooms beyond classrooms.
Perception of quality of university education service in times of Covid- 19
Authors: Zevallos Gallardo Zoila Verónica , Sanchez Malpica Juan José
Published: January 2022

The objective of the present work was to determine the level of perception of the quality of university educational service in times of Covid- 19 in a university in Lima. The applied method corresponds to the quantitative approach, under the basic design with a descriptive level. The sample consisted of 125 students chosen by convenience, non-probability sampling. The technique used was the survey and the collection instrument was the questionnaire, it also had an expert validation and the SPSS Statistics 27 software was used for data processing, the instrument used was the SERVQUAL of Parasuraman et al. (1988), where five dimensions of the Service Quality variable are identified, which were identified as: Tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, security and empathy. The results confirm the importance of the quality of services in the educational field, since it is verified that the perception of students regarding the quality of educational services is good and significant.
Participatory Budgeting in the Latin American context
Authors: Muñoz Salinas Linet Yadira , Ayuque Curipaco Óscar , Muñoz Asto Ketty , Ramirez Broncano Rocksana Yudy
Published: January 2022

The objective of this article is to identify the strategies used by various countries to improve the use of participatory budgeting in Latin American countries. Based on participation and that these budgets generate greater welfare for citizens. In this way, the most needed works would be prioritized, seeking a more effective, efficient and above all transparent state. The type of research is descriptive and transversal. The approach is qualitative and uses documentary study and in-depth analysis as techniques. The sample used is composed of 30 related scientific articles. The results corroborated that the participatory budget is an important instrument of citizen participation that also generates great expectations among citizens. Likewise, it was identified that despite the predisposition of the political authorities, there are deficiencies in the transparency and efficiency of the administrative management of resources. Many signs of corruption have been demonstrated at different levels of the state, especially when executing the public budget allocated at different levels of government. For these reasons, the participatory budget has undergone changes in order to achieve a more adequate use of resources and execution of expenditures.
Calidad en los procesos de gestión de las Instituciones Educativas desde el neuroliderazgo
Authors: Molina Carrasco Zuly Cristina , Collazos Alarcón Mercedes Alejandrina
Published: January 2022

La gestión actual en las Instituciones Educativas Publicas se desarrolla en un contexto de incertidumbre, conflictos y riesgos, condiciones poco favorables para una gestión exitosa. El neuroliderazgo introduce como nueva de forma de pensar, decidir y hacer en la gestión de recursos humanos, el planteamiento de un modelo de gestión basado en los avances de la neurociencia. El objetivo de la investigación ha sido la elaboración de un modelo de gestión educativa con la finalidad de empoderar al director (líder) con estrategias basadas en el neuroliderazgo. El estudio es de enfoque mixto, de tipo propositiva. Se aplicó el análisis documental, la observación, el cuestionario de satisfacción laboral para Docentes (TESALD) a una muestra de 132 docentes de una población de 387 que laboran en 21 Instituciones Educativas en el distrito de La Victoria de la Región Lambayeque. El cuestionario fue validado por medio de expertos y confiable por medio de alfa de Cronbach. Como resultado se pudo diagnosticar que los niveles de satisfacción laboral de los docentes el 49.2% en un nivel promedio y el 25% en un nivel bajo. Concluyendo que la mayor parte de la muestra en estudio no se encuentra totalmente satisfecha en su trabajo Palabras clave Neuroliderazgo, gestión educativa, procesos de gestión, satisfacción laboral.
Mejoramiento De Los Indices Energeticos Y Ambientales Del Comedor De La Ciudad Universitaria De Peru Implementando La Eficiencia Energetica
Authors: Luna Hernández Manuel Jesús , Jaime Luna Sono , Abanto Zorrilla Milagros Jeanette , Rosales Armas Maribel
Published: January 2022

El propósito del trabajo de investigación es analizar el nivel de los índices energéticos y ambientales del comedor de la ciudad universitaria (CU) de la UNMSM, y de implementar medidas para su reducción. Como parte del servicio que brinda el CU, se ofertan 140000 raciones anuales, lo que genera un consumo de fluidos energéticos anual de 14000 gal de gas licuado de petróleo (GLP), 11250 gal de diésel-2 (D-2) y una cantidad estimada de 107627 kWh de electricidad. Como resultado del análisis se ha planteado un conjunto de medidas para mejorar los índices energéticos y ambientales del CU. De esa manera se logrará reducir el consumo de combustibles en 2425 gal/año (18.5%) y de electricidad en 28380 kWh/año (26.36%); lo que significa un ahorro económico anual de US$ 13546 y una reducción de las emisiones de CO2 de 32.15 ton/año; estas mejoras se lograrán con una inversión de US$ 14984, recuperándose la misma en aproximadamente un año.
Zero-valent Iron Loaded Activated Carbon Nanocomposites for Photocatalytic Degradation of Potassium Dichromate
Authors: Ahmaruzzaman Md.
Published: January 2022

Fe-NPs and Fe-AC nanocomposite were synthesised using tulsi leaf extract. The phytochemicals present in the leaf extract help in the formation of nanoparticles and nanocomposites. The present method is simple and free from the use of any organic reagents. The synthesised nanoparticles were well characterised using TEM, HR-TEM, SAED pattern, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR and EDX analysis. The XRD and EDX analyses confirmed the formation of nanocomposites. The synthesised Fe-NPs and Fe-AC composites have been used for the degradation of potassium dichromate under solar irradiation. A total of ~95% and ~70% of potassium dichromate was completely degraded using Fe-AC and Fe-NPs as a photo catalyst. Fe-AC nanocomposites were found to show better catalytic activity than Fe-NPs.