bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMATION AND RECONDENSATION OF COMPLEX ORGANIC MOLECULES DURING PROTOSTELLAR LUMINOSITY OUTBURSTS
Authors: Taquet Vianney , Wirström Eva S. , Charnley Steven B.
Published: April 2016

During the formation of stars, the accretion of surrounding material toward the central object is thought to undergo strong luminosity outbursts followed by long periods of relative quiescence, even at the early stages of star formation when the protostar is still embedded in a large envelope. We investigated the gas-phase formation and recondensation of the complex organic molecules (COMs) di-methyl ether and methyl formate, induced by sudden ice evaporation processes occurring during luminosity outbursts of different amplitudes in protostellar envelopes. For this purpose, we updated a gas-phase chemical network forming COMs in which ammonia plays a key role. The model calculations presented here demonstrate that ion–molecule reactions alone could account for the observed presence of di-methyl ether and methyl formate in a large fraction of protostellar cores without recourse to grain-surface chemistry, although they depend on uncertain ice abundances and gas-phase reaction branching ratios. In spite of the short outburst timescales of about 100 years, abundance ratios of the considered species higher than 10% with respect to methanol are predicted during outbursts due to their low binding energies relative to water and methanol which delay their recondensation during cooling. Although the current luminosity of most embedded protostars would be too low to produce complex organics in the hot-core regions that are observable with current sub-millimetric interferometers, previous luminosity outburst events would induce the formation of COMs in extended regions of protostellar envelopes with sizes increasing by up to one order of magnitude.
LOW-MASS ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI WITH RAPID X-RAY VARIABILITY
Authors: Ho Luis C. , Kim Minjin
Published: April 2016

We present a detailed study of the optical spectroscopic properties of 12 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with candidate low-mass black holes (BHs) selected by Kamizasa et al. through rapid X-ray variability. The high-quality, echellette Magellan spectra reveal broad Hα emission in all the sources, allowing us to estimate robust virial BH masses and Eddington ratios for this unique sample. We confirm that the sample contains low-mass BHs accreting at high rates: the median M
BH = 1.2 × 106
M
⊙ and median L
bol/L
Edd = 0.44. The sample follows the M
BH–σ
* relation, within the considerable scatter typical of pseudobulges, the probable hosts of these low-mass AGNs. Various lines of evidence suggest that ongoing star formation is prevalent in these systems. We propose a new strategy to estimate star formation rates in AGNs hosted by low-mass, low-metallicity galaxies, based on modification of an existing method using the strength of [O ii] λ3727, [O iii] λ5007, and X-rays.
Quand le knowledge Management contribue à redéfinir une culture d’entreprise ; le cas d’une multinationale
Authors: Fagbohoun Sandra
Published: April 2016

Un nombre croissant d’entreprises met en œuvre une démarche de Knowledge Management, sans forcément aboutir à des résultats satisfaisants ou parvenir à la pérenniser. Comment favoriser l’engagement des acteurs de l’organisation autour des enjeux du KM, pour qu’ils coopèrent et rendent l’entreprise plus performante ? Notre réflexion croise le champ des Sciences de l’Information et de la Communication, celui de la Gestion et celui de l’Anthropologie afin d’apporter un regard neuf sur les enjeux de l’investissement immatériel. En contribuant à redéfinir une culture d’entreprise, le KM permettrait de générer de la valeur.
Vers une gestion participative de la connaissance dans les communautés de pratique émergentes : de l’économie à l’écologie de la connaissance
Authors: Lehmans Anne
Published: April 2016

Les catégories traditionnelles de la gestion des connaissances, en traitant l’information et la connaissance comme des jeux de données ou comme des biens dont la gestion technique permet l’usage opératoire et rentable dans l’entreprise, ne rendent pas toujours compte des dimensions sociales et politiques de cet usage. Le numérique et les réseaux, dans le contexte d’un renouvellement de la pensée des écosystèmes, réinterrogent la gestion de la connaissance dans l’organisation et entre les organisations à travers le développement d’une culture participative de l’information. Ce dernier passe par l’acculturation, voire la formation à de nouveaux usages informationnels en contexte professionnel ou militant, et pas seulement par les systèmes informatiques, mais en interaction avec eux.
Géométries ontologiques de l’espace onirique. Sur la topologie et la dynamique du rêve
Authors: Boccali Renato
Published: April 2016

À travers l’analyse du vocabulaire onirique bachelardien on peut remarquer l’émergence d’une distinction terminologique entre « rêve », « songe », « rêverie », suivant un trajet d’altération de la conscience qui procède du profond au superficiel. Cette distinction ira s’approfondir au fil du temps avec la transformation progressive du concept d’image et, parallèlement, avec un changement méthodologique que de la psychanalyse conduira à la phénoménologie. Toutefois le parcours de Bachelard n’est pas exempt d’hésitations. À ce sujet un texte des années ‘50 s’avère paradigmatique, en nous aidant à focaliser mieux ce moment décisif de passage vers les Poétique grâce à l’idée d’un espace du rêve rythmé par la géométrie ontologique des « marées » du repos.
Du vécu traumatique au vécu onirique : l’hallucinatoire en séance
Authors: Taillandier Michèle
Published: April 2016

Il s’agit ici de montrer la spécificité des différents vécus oniriques entre l’hallucinatoire, l’image traumatique et l’image du rêve éveillé en séance. La spécificité de chacune de ces formes d’onirisme sera présentée grâce à des exemples cliniques.
Écriture onirique, écoute onirique
Authors: Fabre Nicole
Published: April 2016

Je m’interroge sur l’usage différent de l’imaginaire que nous faisons, ma sœur femme de lettres et moi-même psychanalyste. Ma sœur dans son écriture onirique, moi dans ce que je nomme mon écoute onirique, c’est-à-dire mon vécu onirique au cours du rêve-éveillé de mes patients. L’analyse de trois exemples qui se font écho me permet de définir les zones communes et leurs différences fondamentales ainsi que la spécification en analyse d’une écoute onirique décuplée par la pratique du rêve-éveillé en séance.
Quelques bribes de poésie (russe) sur le oui et le non
Authors: de Gramont Jérôme
Published: April 2016

Variations autour du oui et du non, à partir de trois poètes russes du XXe siècle. Pour montrer comment le non à l’histoire s’enracine dans un oui à la vie.
Le « Non » de la Loi. Éloge de la coupure.
Authors: Gontier Élisabeth
Published: April 2016

Le domaine de la loi, avec ses interventions en prise sur le réel est étranger à celui de la psychothérapie psychanalytique qui se déroule sur la scène de l’intrapsychique. Certains analystes pensent ainsi qu’il n’est pas possible de prendre en charge une personne en obligation de soin, ou que le dépôt de plainte pourrait gêner le travail psychothérapeutique qui aidera un sujet à se dégager de sa position de victime. Or, les deux situations cliniques présentées dans cet article permettent de constater que le « non » de la loi peut soutenir la subjectivation. La réflexion sur les ressorts de l’effectivité de ce « non » offre quelques prolongements aux récents apports de la clinique de l’acte à la métapsychologie.
Des non et des oui, entre corps et langage
Authors: Sardas Fabienne
Published: April 2016

La langue est issue de la pulsion, le corps et la parole peuvent être les lieux de sa décharge. Le « non » et son contraire le « oui » sont particulièrement adaptés à témoigner des mouvements inconscients refoulés qui resurgissent dans de nouveaux rapports objectaux. Au travers de deux vignettes cliniques choisies dans le champ de la périnatalité, lieu privilégié de l’interaction du soma et de la psyché, donc du pulsionnel, l’analyste à l’écoute de l’inconscient, rencontre un sujet pris dans les rets de ses désirs ambivalents ou refoulés. La grossesse réactualisant les conflits psychiques est le moment privilégié où ces actes de langage sont à entendre dans leur potentiel désorganisateur, mais aussi porteur de nouvelles mobilisations, le travail du négatif initiant tout passage et tout changement.
Dommages en héritage : comment s’en dégager ?
Authors: Sardas Fabienne
Published: April 2016

La plupart des patients ayant subi des traumatismes infantiles présentent souvent une défaillance des représentations, un appauvrissement du moi, voire une confusion des pensées. Ils sollicitent de façon particulièrement forte le contre-transfert de l’analyste. Ce dernier a besoin de nombreux supports et médiateurs dans la cure dont le modèle interprétatif, basé sur la quête de sens, pourrait se trouver dans l’impasse. Ainsi, dans la cure présentée ici, le rêve-éveillé, associé aux images, aux supports visuels proposés par l’art, participe à une mise en mouvement des contenus inconscients. Ce qui contribue à redonner une place positive à la fonction scopique face au trop plein d’images traumatiques anciennes.
Clinique de l’enfant d’aujourd’hui face au vide et à la toute-puissance
Authors: de Taisne Geneviève
Published: April 2016

La société d’aujourd’hui est prise dans un paradoxe. Un pouvoir scientifique de plus en plus tout puissant et un vide existentiel face à l’avenir. Ces évolutions se retrouvent dans le cabinet analytique et viennent interroger la pratique et la déplacer. toute-puissance, somatisation, agir, hyperactivité et éclatement de la personnalité demandent une re-narcissisation du sujet, une unification des pulsions autour du moi. Le rêve éveillé permet la mise en représentation de la problématique et son évolution autour de scénarios qui petit à petit peuvent se mettre en place et structurer la pensée.
On Vertex Cover Problems in Distributed Systems
Authors: Ileri Can Umut , Ural Cemil Aybars , Dagdeviren Orhan , Kavalci Vedat
Published: April 2016

An undirected graph can be represented by G(V,E) where V is the set of vertices and E is the set of edges connecting vertices. The problem of finding a vertex cover (VC) is to identify a set of vertices VC such that at least one endpoint of every edge in E is incident to a vertex V in VC. Vertex cover is a very important graph theoretical structure for various types of communication networks such as wireless sensor networks, since VC can be used for link monitoring, clustering, backbone formation and data aggregation management. In this chapter, we will define vertex cover and related problems with their applications on communication networks and we will survey some important distributed algorithms on this research area.
Link Prediction in Complex Networks
Authors: Pujari Manisha , Kanawati Rushed
Published: April 2016

This chapter presents the problem of link prediction in complex networks. It provides general description, formal definition of the problem and applications. It gives a state-of-art of various existing link prediction approaches concentrating more on topological approaches. It presents the main challenges of link prediction task in real networks. There is description of our new link prediction approach based on supervised rank aggregation and our attempts to deal with two of the challenges to improve the prediction results. One approach is to extend the set of attributes describing an example (pair of nodes) calculated in a multiplex network that includes the target network. Multiplex networks have a layered structure, each layer having different kinds of links between same sets of nodes. The second way is to use community information for sampling of examples to deal with the problem of class imbalance. All experiments have been conducted on real networks extracted from well-known DBLP bibliographic database.
A Study of Computer Virus Propagation on Scale Free Networks Using Differential Equations
Authors: Khan Mohammad S.
Published: April 2016

The SIR model is used extensively in the field of epidemiology, in particular, for the analysis of communal diseases. One problem with SIR and other existing models is that they are tailored to random or Erdos type networks since they do not consider the varying probabilities of infection or immunity per node. In this paper, we present the application and the simulation results of the pSEIRS model that takes into account the probabilities, and is thus suitable for more realistic scale free networks. In the pSEIRS model, the death rate and the excess death rate are constant for infective nodes. Latent and immune periods are assumed to be constant and the infection rate is assumed to be a function of the size of the total population and the size of the infected population. A node recovers from an infection temporarily with a probability p and dies from the infection with probability (1-p).
Application of Biomedical Image Processing in Blood Cell Counting using Hough Transform
Authors: Mukherjee Manali , Kamarujjaman  , Maitra Mausumi
Published: April 2016

In the field of biomedicine, blood cells are complex in nature. Nowadays, microscopic images are used in several laboratories for detecting cells or parasite by technician. The microscopic images of a blood stream contain RBCs, WBCs and Platelets. Blood cells are produced in the bone marrow and regularly released into circulation. Blood counts are monitored with a laboratory test called a Complete Blood Count (CBC). However, certain circumstances may cause to have fewer cells than is considered normal, a condition which is called “low blood counts”.This can be accomplished with the administration of blood cell growth factors. Common symptoms due to low red blood cells are:fatigue or tiredness, trouble breathing, rapid heart rate, difficulty staying warm, pale skin etc. Common symptoms due to low white blood cells are: infection, fever etc. It is important to monitor for low blood cell count because conditions could increase the risk of unpleasant and sometimes life-threatening side effects.
Bag-of-Features in Microscopic Images Classification
Authors: Beagum Samsad , Ashour Amira S. , Dey Nilanjan
Published: April 2016

Microscopic image analysis plays a foremost role for understanding biological processes, diagnosis of diseases and cells/ tissues identification. Microscopic image classification is one of the challenging tasks that have a leading role in the medical domain. In this chapter, an overview on different classification techniques elaborated with microscopic images is presented to guide the reader through the advanced knowledge of major quantitative image classification approaches. Applied examples are conducted to classify different Albino rats' samples captured using light microscope for three different organs, namely hippocampus, renal and pancreas. The Bag-of-Features (BoF) technique was employed for features extraction and selection. The BoF selected features were used as input to the multiclass linear support vector machine classifier. The proposed classifier achieved 94.33% average classification accuracy for the three classes. Additionally, for binary classification the achieved average accuracy was 100% for hippocampus and pancreas sets classification.
Measuring and Evaluating Efficiency on IT Outsourcing operations through Data Envelopment Analysis
Authors: Correia dos Santos João , Mira da Silva Miguel
Published: April 2016

Information Technology (IT) outsourcing is a set of IT services that require providers to manage a long relationship with multiple services that have a high degree of variance between clients. IT outsourcing operational contexts display multi-input and multi-output variables, so managers need guidance on developing suitable approaches in order to identify the set of variables to analyse. This work proposes a model based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which is a linear programming technique able to manipulate multiple inputs and outputs. DEA allows the identification of the most efficient operation, which in turn enables providers to set the best operational strategy to follow. The results demonstrate the importance of quantitative measures in a dynamic business environment like IT outsourcing. To develop the authors' research, design science research was applied, and eighteen IT outsourcing contracts were used to demonstrate their model's utility. This work is a major contribution for measuring efficiency in IT outsourcing operations.
Identifying the Influential Factors of Knowledge Sharing in E-Learning 2.0 Systems
Authors: Wu Bing
Published: April 2016

As the E-Learning 2.0 system is a tool to help members manage knowledge in an effective way, this study attempts to verify the constructs of knowledge creation self-efficacy, subjective norms, perceived usefulness, organizational climate, attitudes toward knowledge sharing and the intention to engage in knowledge sharing. A sample of 284 participants from companies in China that have already implemented E-Learning 2.0 systems participated in this study. Structural equation modeling is conducted to test the research hypotheses. Research results show that (1) Knowledge creation self-efficacy, perceived usefulness and organizational climates are found to have positive effects on the intentions toward knowledge sharing in E-Learning 2.0 systems; (2) Meanwhile, system success factors of communication quality and service quality are suggested to influence the perceived usefulness of E-Learning 2.0 systems; (3) As we expected, the intentions toward knowledge sharing in E-Learning 2.0 have positive effects on knowledge-sharing behavior. Therefore, by highlighting the role of the organizational climate, the findings of current research provide practical insights for understanding how organizations should reinforce fairness, innovativeness and affiliation to create a climate of reciprocity.
Green Computing
Authors: Noordin Mohamad Fauzan
Published: April 2016

Green Computing has attracted concerns in the past few decades, with the sole concern for the procedures involve in the designing, manufacturing, usage and disposal of information and communication technology (ICT) basically for environmental sustainability. The importance of human factor in green computing has not received the deserved attention. The social, moral and ethical decadence resulting from the use of ICT has reduced the quality of human in modern time. This study advocates the importance of peopleware as essential aspect of green computing which equalling demands concern. Thus the adoption of peopleware in green computing practices will invariably improve sustainability of the physical and spiritual environment.
Phyllodes Tumor in a Lactating Breast
Authors: Murthy Sudha S. , Raju K. V. V. N. , Nair Haripreetha G.
Published: April 2016

Phyllodes tumor is attributed to a small fraction of primary tumors of the breast. Such tumors occur rarely in pregnancy and lactation. We report a case of a 25-year-old lactating mother presenting with a lump in the left breast. Core needle biopsy was opined as phyllodes tumor with lactational changes, and subsequent wide local excision confirmed the diagnosis of benign phyllodes tumor with lactational changes. The characteristic gross and microscopic findings of a well-circumscribed lesion with leaf-like fibroepithelial growth pattern and typical nonuniform or diffuse stromal proliferation with periductal accentuation even in the absence of mitotic figures can help clinch the diagnosis. Benign phyllodes is known for its recurrence and requires wide excision and close follow-up. It is vital to identify these lesions even on limited biopsies as therapeutic options differ. This case is presented for its rarity and the diagnostic challenge it poses in limited biopsy.
Symmetry reduction of holomorphic iterated function schemes and factorization of Selberg zeta functions
Authors: Borthwick David , Weich Tobias
Published: April 2016

Given a holomorphic iterated function scheme with a finite symmetry group

G

, we show that the associated dynamical zeta function factorizes into symmetry-reduced analytic zeta functions that are parametrized by the unitary irreducible representations of

G

. We show that this factorization implies a factorization of the Selberg zeta function on symmetric

n

-funneled surfaces and that the symmetry factorization simplifies the numerical calculations of the resonances by several orders of magnitude. As an application this allows us to provide a detailed study of the spectral gap and we observe for the first time the existence of a macroscopic spectral gap on Schottky surfaces.
El profesor universitario de Comunicación: acceso, consumo y cultura mediática. Un estudio comparativo entre España y México
Authors: Martínez-Sanz Raquel , Islas Carmona Octavio , Campos-Domínguez Eva , Redondo García Marta
Published: April 2016

El profesorado universitario en Comunicación traslada al aula algunas de las piezas que previamente ha consumido como soporte del estudio del caso. Metodología. Esta investigación analiza, a través de la técnica de la encuesta, el consumo mediático de los docentes españoles (Universidad de Valladolid) y mexicanos (Universidad La Salle. Ciudad de México), valorando sus hábitos informativos, prioridad y percepción de la calidad concedida a los distintos medios, así como el grado de interactividad que se establece con los mismos. Resultados y conclusiones. Los resultados revelan que el acceso a la prensa, la radio y la televisión además de ser diario se realiza mediante el soporte tradicional; que las nuevas pantallas –smartphone, tableta y portátil– orientadas hacia la información tienen en este grupo una penetración intermedia y que se interacciona con las empresas periodísticas principalmente a través del comentario en redes sociales de las noticias más relevantes.
Modelagem espacial de risco de incêndio florestal para o município de Inhambupe, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: White Larissa Alves Secundo , White Benjamin Leonardo Alves , Ribeiro Genésio Tâmara
Published: April 2016

A modelagem do risco espacial de incêndios florestais tem o objetivo de determinar as regiões mais susceptíveis ao fogo, baseando-se em variáveis que representam a facilidade de ignição e de propagação do fogo. Nesse contexto, utilizando-se das variáveis: sistema viário, densidade demográfica, uso e ocupação do solo, malha hidrográfica, inclinação e orientação das encostas, foram elaborados mapas de riscos preliminares, que, posteriormente à ponderações das mesmas pelo método AHP, foram integradas por meio da calculadora Raster em um mapa final de risco de incêndio florestal para o município de Inhambupe, Bahia, Brasil. Com base no modelo utilizado, 75,46% da área de estudo apresenta-se classificada como de maior risco, representado pelas classes “alto”, “muito alto” e “extremo”. Ao comparar o mapa final do risco de incêndio florestal para a área de estudo com o histórico de áreas queimadas, verificou-se que 94,83% dos registros de incêndios florestais estão alocados nas áreas de maior risco.Spatial modeling of forest fire risk for the Municipality of Inhambupe, Bahia State, BrazilSpatial modeling of forest fire risk has the aim to determine areas most susceptible to fire based on variables that represent facility of ignition and propagation. This work developed a forest fire risk map for the Municipality of Inhambupe, Bahia State, Brazil, by elaborating thematic maps of the following variables: road system, population density, land occupation and use, watershed network, slope and aspect. These were evaluated by the analytic hierarchy process and integrated with map algebra. Based on the developed model, 75.46% of the studied area was classified as “high”, “very high” and “extreme high” fire risk. When comparing the forest fire risk map with historical data of burned areas, 95% of the fires were in these areas.Index terms: Forest protection; Fire susceptibility; Risk map
De biombos, máscaras y antifaces
Authors: Arnau Amo Joaquín
Published: April 2016

Al hilo de los matices etimológicos entre los conceptos de biombo, máscara y antifaz, el autor realiza una reflexión no exenta de ironía en torno a la polémica conservación de fachadas en operaciones de vaciado y sustitución de edificios históricos, bastante habituales en algunos cascos antiguos. Para ello, contrapone dos edificios significados de la ciudad de Albacete: la Sede Central de la Caja de Castilla-La Mancha y la Sede del Colegio de Arquitectos.
La restauración como recuperación del sentido
Authors: Manieri Elia Mario
Published: April 2016

El afamado Profesor Manieri Elia elabora una reflexión sobre el carácter ambivalente de la restauración en su condición de necesaria adaptación a la actualidad y en su voluntad conservadora. Rechaza la restauración crítica que legitima un análisis selectivo de las fases constructivas del monumento a mantener y apuesta por una intervención conservadora que transforme con moderación sin eliminar los vestigios de la evolución.
La conservación activa del patrimonio arquitectónico
Authors: Noguera Giménez Juan Francisco
Published: April 2016

La valoración del patrimonio y su conservación se han abordado en cada época desde la pluralidad de opiniones y teorías. Estas cuestiones no poseen una respuesta única definitiva. La que ha denominado el autor del siguiente texto cultura de la Conservación Activa comprende una línea de pensamiento que pretende señalar una dirección en la relación con el Patrimonio, un sentido que nos oriente. La conservación activa parte del reconocimiento del cambio como una de las pocas certezas de nuestra existencia para abordar la planificación del territorio, la protección, conservación, utilización, valoración, restauración y mantenimiento del patrimonio.
Recuperación y restauración del teatro barroco Castillo de Cesky Krumlov (República Checa)
Authors: Hirsa Vaclav , Hanz Miloslav
Published: April 2016

La sólida tradición en la protección y conservación de monumentos de Bohemia que se remonta al magisterio ejercido por Aloïs Riegl y Max Dvorak sigue viva y encuentra un magnífico ejemplo en esta ocasión. Las circunstancias singulares que han rodeado a este caso han permitido la delicada recuperación no sólo de la bella arquitectura pintada del edificio, sino también de toda la tramoya, vestuario e ingenios originales del escenario. Los arquitectos, autores asimismo de la restauración de la Villa Müller de Adolf Loos (LOGGIA nº 12), han demostrado que su sensibilidad hacia el patrimonio precede a su versatilidad en la acción.
Filosofía y restauración El monumento como registro de la experiencia
Authors: Fernández Martorell Concha
Published: April 2016

La concepción del monumento como un palimpsesto donde se superponen con el paso del tiempo diversas aportaciones sobre la materia original da pie a la autora de este artículo a una reflexión sobre la disciplina de la restauración, entendida como un ejercicio de escritura sobre un texto ya existente. La acción de la restauración así concebida posee la virtud de reanimar la obra de arte que, diluido su contenido semántico original, abandona su antigua función para convertirse en un episodio histórico impregnado de su aura de unicidad.
La reconstrucción del puente de Mostar en Bosnia-Herzegovina
Authors: Romeo Manfredo , Roig Ferran
Published: April 2016

El puente de Mostar ha sido un desgraciado representante de la macabra práctica que ha tenido por objeto la destrucción del patrimonio cultural como arma contra el enemigo étnico en la antigua Yugoeslavia. La denuncia, recogida en Loggia, Arquitectura & Restauración nº 1, encuentra hoy un motivo de satisfacción en la reconstrucción de este símbolo Patrimonio de la Humanidad, que no dejó de serlo incluso cuando sus piedras estaban bajo las aguas del río Neretva, y no se albergaban esperanzas ciertas de reconstrucción.
Obras de emergencia en la iglesia parroquial de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Traiguera
Authors: Hofbauerová Vera
Published: April 2016

Derivadas del estado alarmante en que se encontraban las bóvedas y el muro occidental de esta iglesia, las obras de emergencia realizadas que aquí se presentan no sólo sirvieron para resolver estos problemas, sino además fueron ocasión para descubrir sus causas, profundizar en el conocimiento histórico y constructivo del templo. El artículo abunda en los detalles y las soluciones técnicas adoptadas para la resolución de las patologías que amenazaban la pervivencia del edificio, con especial atención a las soluciones empleadas en la cubierta.
Basílica del Real Monasterio de San Lorenzo de El Escorial. Restauración de las cubiertas y fachadas laterales de la nave central
Authors: De Vega García Esther
Published: April 2016

Las patologías del plomo empleado en las cubiertas de la nave central de este templo tan significativo constituían un riesgo para la integridad de las pinturas al fresco de sus bóvedas internas. El artículo relata e ilustra con detalle el montaje de la sobrecubierta de protección para la realización de los trabajos sin exponer al monumento, el proceso de sustitución de los emplomados existentes, la reconstrucción de las buhardillas y, por último, la restauración de las fachadas laterales de la iglesia.
Seasonal variability and source apportionment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the Paris megacity (France)
Authors: Baudic A. , Gros V. , Sauvage S. , Locoge N. , Sanchez O. , Sarda-Estève R. , Kalogridis C. , Petit J.-E. , Bonnaire N. , Baisnée D. , Favez O. , Albinet A. , Sciare J. , Bonsang B.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Within the framework of air quality studies at the megacity scale, highly time-resolved volatile organic compounds (C2–C8) measurements were performed in downtown Paris (urban background sites) from January to November 2010. This unique dataset included non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) and aromatic/oxygenated species (OVOCs) measured by a GC-FID (Gas Chromatograph with a Flame Ionization Detector) and a PTR-MS (Proton Transfer Reaction – Mass Spectrometer), respectively. The current study presents the seasonal variability of atmospheric VOCs being monitored in the French megacity and their various associated emission sources. Clear seasonal and diurnal patterns differed from one VOC to another as the result of their different origins and the influence of environmental parameters (solar radiation, temperature). Source Apportionment (SA) was comprehensively conducted using a multivariate mathematical receptor modeling. The United States Environmental Protection Agency's Positive Matrix Factorization tool (US EPA, PMF) was used to apportion and quantify ambient VOC concentrations into six different sources. The modeled source profiles were identified from near-field observations (measurements from three distinct emission sources: inside a highway tunnel, at a fireplace and from a domestic gas flue, with hence a specific focus on road-traffic, wood burning activities and natural gas emissions) and hydrocarbon profiles reported in the literature. The reconstructed VOC sources were cross-validated using independent tracers such as inorganic gases (NO, NO2, CO), black carbon (BC) and meteorological data (temperature). The largest contributors to the predicted VOC concentrations were traffic-related activities (including motor vehicle exhaust, 15 % of the total mass on the annual average, and gasoline evaporation, 10 %), with the remaining emissions from natural gas and background (23 %), solvents use (20 %), wood burning (18 %) and a biogenic source (15 %). An important finding of this work is the significant contribution from wood burning, especially in winter, where it could represent up to ~ 50 % of the total mass of VOCs. Biogenic emissions also surprisingly contributed up to ~ 30 % in summer (due to the dominating weight of OVOCs in this source). Finally, the mixed natural gas and background source exhibited a high contribution in spring (35 %, when continental air influences were observed) and in autumn (23 %, for home heating consumption).
PRECISION AND ACCURACY PARAMETERS IN STRUCTURED LIGHT 3-D SCANNING
Authors: Eiríksson E. R. , Wilm J. , Pedersen D. B. , Aanæs H.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Structured light systems are popular in part because they can be constructed from off-the-shelf low cost components. In this paper we quantitatively show how common design parameters affect precision and accuracy in such systems, supplying a much needed guide for practitioners. Our quantitative measure is the established VDI/VDE 2634 (Part 2) guideline using precision made calibration artifacts. Experiments are performed on our own structured light setup, consisting of two cameras and a projector. We place our focus on the influence of calibration design parameters, the calibration procedure and encoding strategy and present our findings. Finally, we compare our setup to a state of the art metrology grade commercial scanner. Our results show that comparable, and in some cases better, results can be obtained using the parameter settings determined in this study.
Interview with Ravi Ravindra
Authors: Ravindra Ravi
Published: April 2016

In this interview Prof. Ravi Ravindra reflects on the relationship between science and religion. Is there a inherent conflict between the two? Can we know the Ultimate Reality or prove the existence of God through science? What are the limits of science? As he explains, so much depends on what we mean by God or science. But for him there cannot in principle be any conflict between scientific research and spiritual search. No true scientist can be untouched by the grandeur of the vastness of the cosmos and the harmony of the intricate natural laws. If such feelings are not suppressed by some cultural conditioning, the resulting rapturous amazement is bound to lead one to an ardent reflection on one’s place in this immensity. These feeling experiences are the intimations of the Sacred.
DESAFIOS E POTENCIALIDADES DAS PEQUENAS CIDADES NO CONTEXTO DE UMA SOCIEDADE URBANA: ALGUNS APONTAMENTOS COM BASE NA REALIDADE DE FRUTAL-MG E SÃO GOTARDO-MG
Authors: Alves Lidiane Aparecida , Paula e Silva Adriano Reis de
Published: April 2016

A quantidade de pequenas cidades na rede urbana brasileira é significativa, sendo que os municípios com população de até 50 mil habitantes concentravam no ano de 2010 40% da população do país. Nestas cidades é comum o paradoxo da potencialidade para o sucesso das ações de planejamento, especialmente aquelas relacionadas ao provimento de infraestrutura urbana básica, por exemplo, devido ao espaço ser mais restrito. Porém, por outro lado, há entraves, como a substituição do planejamento pela gestão e a ausência de pessoas qualificadas, tanto para a elaboração quanto para a implementação dos planos. O objetivo do artigo é apresentar algumas considerações sobre a situação das dimensões básicas à reprodução social, que deve proporcionar o bem estar e, que, portanto encontram-se entre as questões prioritárias para o desenvolvimento urbano. Logo, são considerados como exemplos as cidades de São Gotardo (31.819 habitantes) e Frutal (53.460 habitantes), localizadas no estado de Minas Gerais. Conclui-se que, ainda que existam entraves no planejamento, em ambas as cidades as condições socioeconômicas são relativamente boas, sem graves problemas sociais. Suas economias são baseadas na agricultura moderna, a qual condiciona a dinâmica e organização intraurbana, bem como as características demográficas, especialmente no que diz respeito à migração e a supremacia da população do sexo masculino que trabalha no campo. Notadamente em São Gotardo, a prática da agricultura moderna é mais intensa, o pode ter reflexos na saúde da população local, o que desperta preocupação e demanda de estudos específicos.
AMEAÇAS E DESASTRES NATURAIS NA AMAZÔNIA SUL OCIDENTAL: ANÁLISE DA BACIA DO RIO PURUS
Authors: Pereira Denise Marini , Szlafsztein Claudio Fabian
Published: April 2016

A região Sul Ocidental da Amazônia no Brasil registra numerosos eventos hidroclimáticos extremos e desastres naturais, mas poucos trabalhos as analisam na escala de bacias hidrográficas. Com vistas a contribuir para a gestão de risco de desastres na Amazônia, esta pesquisa analisa as ameaças e os desastres naturais na bacia transfronteiriça do rio Purus. São empregados dados fluviométricos, documentos oficiais de organismos de defesa civil e informações de artigos jornalísticos para identificação, descrição e mapeamento das ameaças e desastres entre 1971 e 2012. Foram identificados 17 anos com variações hidrológicas extremas, 104 registros de desastres associados ao incremento e à intensa redução das precipitações com mais de 400.000 pessoas afetadas e danos materiais, ambientais, sociais e econômicos acima 450 milhões de Reais. As áreas mais ameaçadas são os municípios de Rio Branco (AC) e Boca do Acre (AM), situadas na região do alto curso da bacia do rio Purus, e que registram as maiores populações da bacia. Concluiu-se que uma abordagem holística dos fatores e processos envolvidos numa unidade de analise como a bacia hidrográfica e a quantificação de danos e prejuízos são elementos fundamentais no subsidio as discussões acerca do planejamento e gestão de riscos de desastres na Amazônia.
ZONEAMENTO AMBIENTAL ACÚSTICO COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE GESTÃO E CONTROLE DA POLUIÇÃO SONORA URBANA
Authors: Bressane Adriano , Mochizuki Patricia Satie , Caram Rosana Maria , Roveda José Arnaldo Frutuoso
Published: April 2016

Os impactos da poluição sonora a tornaram uma das mais graves formas de degradação ambiental. Entretanto, considerando o constante crescimento urbano e demográfico, com respectivo aumento e adensamento das fontes de ruído, as ações de controle tornam-se tão complexas, quanto urgentes. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do estudo foi desenvolver uma metodologia para o zoneamento acústico como estratégia de controle, integrada ao ordenamento territorial, aplicado como estudo de caso em Rio Claro/SP. Para isso, diretrizes normativas e referências da literatura sobre a cartografia estratégica do ruído, constituíram os principais materiais utilizados. Dessa forma, foram propostos padrões e zonas acústicas associadas à tipologia de uso do solo, proteção de estabelecimentos sensíveis e prevenção de conflitos de vizinhança. Como resultado da aplicação na área de estudo, obteve-se zonas de sensibilidade ao ruído, destinadas à: proteção da biodiversidade urbana (21,0 km²); manutenção de condições salubres em áreas residências, escolas e hospitais (8,3 km²); instalação de estabelecimentos comerciais, de serviços e industriais não incômodos (10,3 km²); prevenção contra a exposição de moradores, trabalhadores e consumidores em áreas de uso diversificado (11,2 km²); condições e extensões territoriais necessárias ao desenvolvimento de atividades ruidosas (9,9 km²). Assim, conclui-se que o procedimento proposto para o zoneamento ambiental acústico pode contribuir com o avanço em soluções aplicáveis ao controle da poluição sonora, colaborando para o alcance de cidades saudáveis e sustentáveis.
MUDANÇAS DO USO DA TERRA E FRAGMENTAÇÃO DA PAISAGEM NO MUNICÍPIO DE CORRENTINA (BA) DURANTE 1988-2008
Authors: Pinheiro Luana Cristine da Silva Jardim , Gomes Roberto Arnaldo Trancoso , Carvalho Júnior Osmar Abílio de , Guimarães Renato Fontes , Oliveira Sandro Nunes de
Published: April 2016

Este trabalho objetiva analisar a dinâmica do uso e cobertura da Terra no município de Correntina localizado no Oeste da Bahia durante os anos de 1988 a 2008. A metodologia adotada pode ser subdividida nas seguintes etapas: análise espacial e temporal dos padrões do uso da terra a partir de imagens de sensoriamento remoto; identificação das áreas destinadas à preservação permanente e análise da fragmentação da paisagem. No mapeamento do uso da terra e detecção de mudança foram utilizadas imagens PRISM/ALOS e uma série temporal do sensor TM/Landsat-5. A classe Agropecuária obteve o maior crescimento, passando de 8,45% em 1988 para 26,94% em 2008. Em contrapartida, a vegetação natural decresceu de 85,41% em 1988 para 62,99% em 2008. As áreas constituídas por pequenos agricultores situados na parte leste do município apresentaram a maior porcentagem de utilização indevida de áreas destinadas à preservação. A análise de fragmentação demonstrou que durante o período de análise houve um aumento do número dos fragmentos de vegetação natural e redução do tamanho médio. A expansão do uso agrícola apresenta correlação com outros municípios do Oeste da Bahia. Apesar de ainda ter uma alta porcentagem de área natural no município, o crescimento agrícola ocorre de forma acelerada devendo ser monitorado e gerido dentro de diretrizes sustentáveis. Desta forma, sistemas de monitoramento e campanhas educativas devem ser feitas para aumentar a consciência sobre o meio ambiente, evitando o uso de áreas com alta fragilidade ambiental e a geração de fragmentos isolados de vegetação
OS SENTIDOS DO DESLOCAMENTO EM CORPO DE BAILE, DE JOÃO GUIMARÃES ROSA
Authors: De Castro Julia Fonseca , De Oliveira Barbosa Gabriel Túlio
Published: April 2016

O ato de mover-se pelo espaço é marcado por amplos significados que são produzidos por sujeitos para os quais a mobilidade quase sempre representa mais do que um deslocamento físico. Para refletir sobre a produção de sentidos para o deslocamento espacial, propõe-se uma leitura de Corpo de Baile, de João Guimarães Rosa. A imagem central dos “corpos em baile” neste livro remete ao movimento como alternativa de vida, muitas vezes como única opção de sobrevivência, ou como solução que resulta da esperança de mudança de vida no contexto do sertão brasileiro; é também construída por sujeitos em crise, em que a estrada representa seu próprio devir. Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre os mais diversos sentidos produzidos pelos personagens rosianos no que tange a temática da viagem, articulando-os aos conceitos de errância, travessia e peregrinatio. Os personagens das novelas Dão-lalalão (O Devente), Recado do Morro e Estória de Lélio e Lina estimulam uma reflexão sobre o deslocamento como experiência socioespacial e simbólica no contexto do sertão brasileiro. A partir da análise interpretativa das narrativas, o resultado da discussão levantada sugere a viagem como um dos aspectos centrais das estórias e, sobretudo, como condição extremamente arraigada nas relações espaciais e nas noções de ciclos que se sucedem no movimento da vida e da experiência.
REDE URBANA E NOVAS INTERAÇÕES ESPACIAIS EM CIDADES MÉDIAS: UMA ANÁLISE ACERCA DO FLUXO AÉREO NO AEROPORTO MÁRIO RIBEIRO EM MONTES CLAROS/MG
Authors: França Iara Soares de , Almeida Maria Ivete Soares de
Published: April 2016

Este artigo analisa a centralidade exercida pela cidade média de Montes Claros/MG a partir dos fluxos aéreos no Aeroporto Mario Ribeiro, diagnosticados nos anos de 2013 e 2014. Destaca-se Montes Claros/MG no contexto das cidades médias brasileiras assumindo um papel de grande relevância nas redes urbanas quanto a sua crescente dinâmica e consolidação. Trata-se de uma cidade média que, ao final do século XX, apresenta transformações socioespaciais relacionadas à atração de capitais, bens, serviços, mercadorias, infraestruturas e pessoas. Com o adensamento das atividades econômicas, produtivas e as interações espaçais existentes, Montes Claros configura-se como uma importante centralidade em escala regional e inter-regional contextualizando o surgimento de novas interações espaciais e a consolidação das interações já existentes, tais como a dinamização industrial e a procura por comércios atacadistas e varejistas e serviços especializados em educação superior e técnica, além da rede de saúde de alta complexidade. Nesse sentido, essa cidade média amplia a sua centralidade ao encabeçar a rede de conexões aéreas no Norte de Minas, denotando sua expressão como nó articulador das interações na rede urbana nas escalas intra e inter-regional. Com isso, expande também o seu papel articulador, demonstrando a sua crescente especialização funcional e outras formas de inserção na rede urbana.
American state gun law strength and state resident differences in neuroticism levels
Authors: McCann Stewart J. H. , Zawila Chantelle
Published: April 2016

Relations between state gun law strength and state-aggregated levels of Republican leaning, gun ownership, and resident Big Five neuroticism (based on 619,397 residents nationally) were determined in a state-level analysis of the 50 American states using multiple regression strategies with state socioeconomic status, white population percent, and urban population percent statistically controlled. In a standard hierarchical model with state gun law strength as the criterion, the three demographic variables accounted for 44.4% of the variance and the Big Five accounted for another 21.9%. When the Big Five entered stepwise after the demographics, neuroticism was the sole significant personality predictor, accounting for another 13.4% of the variance. Greater state gun law strength was associated with higher state resident neuroticism. Further hierarchical regression analyses showed that state Republican leaning and gun ownership could account separately and jointly for significant variance in state gun law strength but not with state resident neuroticism controlled.
Le score de propension : un guide méthodologique pour les recherches expérimentales et quasi expérimentales en éducation
Authors: Lecocq Aurélie , Ammi Mehdi , Bellarbre Élodie
Published: April 2016

La méthode du score de propension devient de plus en plus populaire pour estimer les effets causaux d’un programme d’intervention. Si les applications empiriques de cette méthode sont encore rares dans les recherches en éducation, des exemples de son utilisation se trouvent aisément dans d’autres disciplines. Cependant, sa mise en place soulève plusieurs questions. L’objectif de cet article est de fournir des éléments de réponses guidant le chercheur et l’évaluateur du domaine de l’éducation pour l’estimation et l’utilisation du score de propension. Les différentes étapes de son application sont présentées pas à pas : évaluation du biais de sélection, construction du score de propension et mesure de sa qualité, et choix des stratégies d’utilisation du score dans l’estimation des effets d’un traitement. Les questions méthodologiques soulevées sont discutées à chaque étape. Pour faciliter la compréhension, un exemple d’une expérimentation en maternelle illustre la méthode.
Fotografía y desaparición. Tres series fotográficas en torno a los 119
Authors: Kirby Cristian
Published: April 2016

Presentamos tres series fotográficas en torno a los 119 desparecidos del Plan Colombo. La primera de ellas, ‘Lugares de desaparición’, registra los lugares en los que fueron detenidos o vistos por última vez, tensionando los espacios de la ciudad actual con la carga de su ausencia y su vacío. La segunda de ellas, ‘119’, consiste en 119 fotoemulsiones en las que los rostros de los desaparecidos han sido proyectado sobre el plano de las calles de Santiago, revelando fracturas, agujeros y vacíos en los rostros que son las fracturas, agujeros y vacíos del sentido social tras la desaparición. La tercera, ‘Verdrangung/Reforest’, documenta y explora el proyecto de reforestación de un espacio rural llevado a cabo por el colectivo de familiares de los 119.