bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Carbon-Based Composite Materials for Manufacturing C-range Antenna Devices
Authors: Dugin N. , Zaboronkova T. , Myasnikov E.
Published: November 2016

C-range horn antenna made of a graphene-containing carbon-based composite material has been developed. Electrodynamic characteristics of the developed antenna and the identical metal antenna have been measured in the frequency range of 4.6–4.9 GHz. We have created two prototypes of horn antennas made of (i) carbon fiber and (ii) carbon fabric. It has been shown that the horn antenna made of graphene-containing composite material is capable of efficiently operating in the C-range frequency and possesses almost the same electrodynamic characteristics as the conventional metal antenna of the same geometry and size. However, the carbon-based antenna has enhanced stability in the wide range of temperatures to compare with the corresponding metal antenna.
Mathematical Estimation of Mobility of Peasants in Vilnius Governorate in the 19th Century
Authors: Kanišauskas Vaidotas
Published: November 2016

The article deals with the problem of local mobility of peasants in Vilnius Governorate in the nineteenth century. To solve the problem, statistical-demographical data from the “Memory Books” permanently issued by the Tsarist Russian government was used. Pure demographic data brings little information, unless it is properly mathematically processed. Such processing leads to the discovering of new proportions concerning inhabitants, villages and farmsteads. Such proportions are related to the administrative territorial unit under investigation and show how many people reside in a farmstead and how many farmsteads are comprised in a village. In the course of time, numbers of villages and farmsteads change, and these numbers show the numbers of people taking part in local mobility of inhabitants. The higher are changes in villages and farmsteads, the higher is mobility of inhabitants.
The Characteristics of Extruded Faba Beans (Vicia faba L.)
Authors: Liene Strauta , Sandra Muižniece-Brasava
Published: November 2016

Faba beans (Vicia faba L.) are an excellent protein source and should be more present in human diet, but due to their long cooking time, they are rarely used. So, in order to increase the accessibility of faba beans (Vicia faba L.), experiments were carried out to obtain new food products. Extrusion-cooking was chosen as the potential thermal cooking process and two different products were obtained. One was made exclusively from faba bean (Vicia faba L.) flour, while the second one was produced with a 50% addition of wheat flour to bean flour. Protein content, size, volume mass, pH and starch content for obtained products were analysed in order to characterise the products, as well as to see the differences from non-extruded faba beans (Vicia faba L.) and obtained samples. The experiments were carried out using faba beans (Vicia faba L.) obtained at Ltd. “Pure Horticultural Research Centre”. They were milled at Ltd. “Grauda spēks” and extruded with a twin screw extruder at Ltd. “Milzu”. The experiments showed that the extrusion process had decreased the protein content by 9%, but the starch content had risen by 13% with the addition of wheat flour. But, for sample, without added wheat flour differences were not significant. No significant size differences were observed in the obtained samples and pH values had no significant differences between extruded samples.
Somatoform Disorders – A Pediatric Experience
Authors: Pop-Jordanova Nada , Zorcec Tatjana
Published: November 2016

Somatization in children consists of the persistent experience and complaints of somatic distress that cannot be fully explained by a medical diagnosis.

Working at the Psychophysiological Department at the University Clinic we are dealing with more than 100 children per year manifesting this kind of disorders.

The aim of this article is to summarize some specific characteristics of the somatoform disorder in a group of 243 children, mean age 10.31 (± 2.75) years for both genders, selected randomly. The used psychometric instruments are: CBCL, EPQ for children, and MMPI-201 for mothers.

The obtained results showed high scores for somatization, extroversion and accentuated anxiety for children; as well as a typical Hs-Hy personality profile for mothers.

The treatment with cognitive-behavior therapy and biofeedback showed very positive outcome.
Analysis and Speciation of Lanthanoides by ICP-MS
Authors: Telgmann Lena , Lindner Uwe , Lingott Jana , Jakubowski Norbert
Published: November 2016

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is based on formation of positively charged atomic ions in a high-frequency inductively coupled Argon plasma at atmospheric pressure. The ions are extracted and transferred from the plasma source into a mass analyzer operated at high vacuum via an interface equipped with a sampling and a skimmer cone. The ions are separated in the mass analyzer according to their charge to mass ratio. The ions are converted at a conversion dynode and are detected by use of a secondary electron multiplier or a Faraday cup.

From an analytical point of view, ICP-MS is a well-established method for multi-elemental analysis in particular for elements at trace- and ultra-trace levels. Furthermore, methods based on ICP-MS offer simple quantification concepts, for which usually (liquid) standards are applied, low matrix effects compared to other conventional analytical techniques, and relative limits of detection (LODs) in the low pg g−1range and absolute LODs down to the attomol range. For these applications, ICP-MS excels by a high sensitivity which is independent of the molecular structure and a wide linear dynamic range. It has found acceptance in various application areas and during the last decade ICP-MS is also more and more applied for detection of rare earth elements particularly in the life sciences.

Due to the fact that all molecules introduced into the high temperature of the plasma in the ion source were completely dissociated and broken down into atoms, which are subsequently ionized, all elemental species information is completely lost. However, if the different species are separated before they enter the plasma by using adequate fractionation or separation techniques, then ICP-MS can be used as a very sensitive element-specific detector. We will discuss this feature of ICP-MS in this chapter in more detail at hand of the speciation of gadolinium-containing contrast agents.
Novel Applications of Lanthanoides as Analytical or Diagnostic Tools in the Life Sciences by ICP-MS-based Techniques
Authors: Müller Larissa , Traub Heike , Jakubowski Norbert
Published: November 2016

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a well-established analytical method for multi-elemental analysis in particular for elements at trace and ultra-trace levels. It has found acceptance in various application areas during the last decade. ICP-MS is also more and more applied for detection in the life sciences. For these applications, ICP-MS excels by a high sensitivity, which is independent of the molecular structure of the analyte, a wide linear dynamic range and by excellent multi-element capabilities. Furthermore, methods based on ICP-MS offer simple quantification concepts, for which usually (liquid) standards are applied, low matrix effects compared to other conventional bioanalytical techniques, and relative limits of detection (LODs) in the low pg g−1 range and absolute LODs down to the attomol range.

In this chapter, we focus on new applications where the multi-element capability of ICP-MS is used for detection of lanthanoides or rare earth elements, which are applied as elemental stains or tags of biomolecules and in particular of antibodies.
Sample size calculation based on generalized linear models for differential expression analysis in RNA-seq data
Authors: Li Chung-I , Shyr Yu
Published: November 2016

As RNA-seq rapidly develops and costs continually decrease, the quantity and frequency of samples being sequenced will grow exponentially. With proteomic investigations becoming more multivariate and quantitative, determining a study’s optimal sample size is now a vital step in experimental design. Current methods for calculating a study’s required sample size are mostly based on the hypothesis testing framework, which assumes each gene count can be modeled through Poisson or negative binomial distributions; however, these methods are limited when it comes to accommodating covariates. To address this limitation, we propose an estimating procedure based on the generalized linear model. This easy-to-use method constructs a representative exemplary dataset and estimates the conditional power, all without requiring complicated mathematical approximations or formulas. Even more attractive, the downstream analysis can be performed with current R/Bioconductor packages. To demonstrate the practicability and efficiency of this method, we apply it to three real-world studies, and introduce our on-line calculator developed to determine the optimal sample size for a RNA-seq study.
An Organisational Study on the Effects of Intrinsic Customer Service Demands: A Perspective from Emotional Labour Theory
Authors: Babatunde Akanji
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this research is to examine employees’ views on adverse consequences caused by strict compliance to display rules of intrinsic labour demands as against its appropriate necessities within a call centre context. Using an interpretative phenomenological methodology for the study analysis, 25 semi-structured interviews were conducted with telephone agents working in a call centre outlet in Lagos state, Nigeria. Based on the emotional labour theory, enquires were made about general outcomes experienced from conforming to organisational rules of emotional management during customer service encounters. Findings confirmed that the adversarial impact of affective conformity tends to threaten the positive intentions of these mandatory components of service work. Thus, a proposed theoretical model emerged from the study’s interpretive accounts Based on these significant research findings, detailed practical implications were discussed on ways in which call centre businesses operating in a non-Western context can extenuate poor affective deliveries arising from mismanagement of emotional labour.
Distorted Facets of Marketing Ethics for Alcoholic Beer Marketing
Authors: Newaj Avinash , Damar-Ladkoo Adjnu
Published: November 2016

Marketing is the art of delivering value whilst ethical marketing is to provide this value through what is morally right. This new era customers are well informed, more knowledgeable, less vulnerable to unethical practices and cannot be easily manipulated by marketers. Many companies are thus, moving towards ethical marketing so as to develop trust among existing and new customers. Strict regulations by the Mauritian government have further forced marketers to act ethically; whereby the advertising of alcoholic beers has been banned. Yet, indirect strategies have been adopted by marketers so as to pave their way in this competitive industry. What are they? Are customers aware about them and are they influenced? Road accidents, social violence and health problems are associated to such malpractice. This study has shed light on the above and measures have been proposed for the benefit of customers, marketers and the government. This study was connected to the ethical theories.
Solving Strategic Paradoxes through Organizational Ambidexterity - A Foray into the Literature -
Authors: Ogrean Claudia
Published: November 2016

In a world of unprecedented (diachronic and synchronic) complexities like ours, firms are forced to deal with an increasing number of organizational paradoxes that challenge their strategic choices. Under these circumstances, ambidexterity could become a (dynamic) core competence for firms, making the ambidextrous organization an imperative for businesses more than ever before. The paper aims to explore, based on an integrative approach, the most relevant literature on the interdependencies between the two topics (strategic paradoxes and organizational ambidexterity), in order to identify the most important thesis, arguments and solutions that support the ambidextrous organization, four decades after its first introduction into the academic literature (Duncan, 1976).
On the Grammar of Referential Dependence
Authors: Hinzen Wolfram
Published: November 2016

All forms of nominal reference, whether quantificational, definite, rigid, deictic, or personal, require that the nominals in question appear in relevant grammatical configurations. Reference is in this sense a grammatical phenomenon. It is never determined lexically or a word-world relation in a purely semantic or causal sense. Here it is further argued that the principles of the grammar of object-reference naturally extend to cases where the reference of one nominal depends on that of another, i.e. the grammar of referential dependence, without any further special grammatical relations such as ‘binding’ required. This further includes a relation of (referential) identity.
The Many Uses of Predicates of Taste and the Challenge from Disagreement
Authors: Zeman Dan
Published: November 2016

In the debate between contextualism and relativism about predicates of taste, the challenge from disagreement (the objection that contextualism cannot account for disagreement in ordinary exchanges involving such predicates) has played a central role. This paper investigates one way of answering the challenge consisting on appeal to certain, less focused on, uses of predicates of taste. It argues that the said thread is unsatisfactory, in that it downplays certain exchanges that constitute the core disagreement data. Additionally, several arguments to the effect that the exchanges in question don’t amount to disagreement are considered and rejected.
Images of Trebizond and the Pontos in Contemporary Literature in English with a Gothic Conclusion
Authors: Dąbrowska Małgorzata
Published: November 2016

A Byzantinist specializing in the history of the Empire of Trebizond (1204–1461), the author presents four books of different genres written in English and devoted to the medieval state on the south coast of the Black Sea. The most spectacular of them is a novel by Rose Macaulay, Towers of Trebizond. Dąbrowska wonders whether it is adequate to the Trebizondian past or whether it is a projection of the writer. She compares Macaulay’s novel with William Butler Yeats’s poems on Byzantium which excited the imagination of readers but were not meant to draw their attention to the Byzantine past. This is, obviously, the privilege of literature. As a historian, Dąbrowska juxtaposes Macaulay’s narration with the historical novel by Nicolas J. Holmes, the travelogue written by Michael Pereira and the reports of the last British Consul in Trabzon, Vorley Harris. The author of the article draws the reader’s attention to the history of a rather unknown and exotic region. The Empire of Trebizond ceased to exist in 1461, conquered by Mehmed II. At the same time the Sultan’s army attacked Wallachia and got a bitter lesson from its ruler Vlad Dracula. But this Romanian hero is remembered not because of his prowess on the battlefield but due to his cruelty which dominated literary fiction and separated historical facts from narrative reality. The contemporary reader is impressed by the image of a dreadful vampire, Dracula. The same goes for Byzantium perceived through the magic stanzas by Yeats, who never visited Istanbul. Rose Macaulay went to Trabzon but her vision of Trebizond is very close to Yeats’s images of Byzantium. In her story imagination is stronger than historical reality and it is imagination that seduces the reader.
Reviews and Interviews
Authors: Fisiak Tomasz , Pietrzak Wit , Górny Antoni , Majer Krzysztof , Gaston Bill , Blacker Uilleam , Kosmalska Joanna
Published: November 2016

Timeless Radcliffe: A Review of Ann Radcliffe, Romanticism and the Gothic (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2014) - Tomasz Fisiak
Yeats’s Genres and Tensions: A Review of Charles I. Armstrong’s Reframing Yeats: Genre, Allusion and History (London and New York: Bloomsbury, 2013) - Wit Pietrzak
Review of Anna Pochmara’s The Making of the New Negro: Black Authorship, Masculinity, and Sexuality in the Harlem Renaissance (Amsterdam: Amsterdam UP, 2011) - Antoni Górny
“Artful Exaggeration” - Krzysztof Majer (University of Łódź) Interviews Bill Gaston
Transcultural Theatre in the UK - Uilleam Blacker Talks to Joanna Kosmalska (University of Łódź)
Storage Management of Hazardous Containers Using the Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Yachba Khadidja , Gelareh Shahin , Bouamrane Karim
Published: November 2016

This work discusses the problem of dangerous containers storage in a container terminal. Container terminal represents an essential intermodal interfaces for global transportation network. Several materials handling possible to move containers at the port to better meet the needs of ships awaiting loading or unloading. Have a good organization of the terminal's container storage area requires a special effort. Containers search times can be considerable and lead to delays causing financial penalties for terminal management operators. An optimal location for a container in a terminal is very important for companies because this operation reduces transportation costs. In this article, we propose an approach for the placement problem of hazardous containers through the description of an optimization model to solve and optimize available storage space. The interest of this work is to develop a computer tool to enable the identification of the best location of a hazardous container using the Genetic Algorithm.
Ein Sack Rosinen
Authors: Kienzler Wolfgang
Published: November 2016

The article describes the way Wittgenstein tried to collect „all his good remarks“ within one book. The first such attempt is the Tractatus, the second attempt - which Wittgenstein could not complete - are the Investigations.The ‚Big Typescript’, however,was intended only as an instrument towards this latter aim. This aspect of Wittgenstein’s way of doing philosophy remained stable and it can help to throw light on various exegetical questions.
Survey and Surveyability
Authors: Majetschak Stefan
Published: November 2016

The concepts ‚Übersicht‘ (survey), ‚Übersichtlichkeit‘ (surveyability) and ‚Übersichtliche Darstellung‘ (surveyable representation) play a central role in Wittgenstein’s later philosophy. As Peter Hacker already noticed in 1972, an adequate English translation of these terms has “given Wittgenstein’s translators much trouble. They have chosen to translate it non-systematically in conformity with the demands of English style, thereby partially obscuring the significance and pervasiveness of the concept in Wittgenstein’s work, e. g. ‘command a clear view’ (Übersehen PI, § 122); ‘perspicious representation’ (Übersichtliche Darstellung PI, § 122); ‘synoptic account’ (Übersichtliche Darstellung Z, § 273); ‘Survey’ (Übersicht Z, § 273); ‘synoptic view’ (Übersichtlichkeit Z, § 464); ‘perspicuity’ (Übersichtlichkeit RFM, p. 45);² ‘capable of being taken in’ (Übersehbar RFM, p. 81)3.” (Hacker 1972: 113 f. fn. 3) Since then other translations have been added to Hacker’s list, i.e. ‘surview’ for ‘Übersicht’ (Hacker’s own choice) and ‘overview’ for ‘übersehen’ (cf. PI 2009: 122). In his discussion of the notion ‚Übersichtliche Darstellung’ Alois Pichler suggests that “synopsis” and “synoptic view” might be the best translations for what Wittgenstein had in mind using the terms ‚Übersicht’ and ‚Übersichtliche Darstellung’ (cf. Pichler 2004: 181). Recently the problem of how to adequately translate the German words in question into English is also discussed by Mathieu Marion (cf. Marion 2011: 138 f. fn. 4).

In what follows I shall argue - like Marion, but probably for different reasons - that the terms ‘survey’ (Übersicht), ‘surveyability’ (Übersichtlichkeit) and ‘surveyable representation’ (übersichtliche Darstellung) most adequately represent what Wittgenstein had in mind. As might become clear only this consistency in wording allows to grasp the connections in meaning Wittgenstein implicitly hints at, wherever he uses the terms ‘Übersicht’ and ‘Übersichtlichkeit’ in different parts of his ‘Nachlass’ and different periods of his philosophical development.
Photoreactivity of monofluorinated 2-azidobenzimidazoles towards carboxylic acids
Authors: Kanitz Nils Eckhard , Lindel Thomas
Published: November 2016

Aiming at the development of new photolabeling agents, the synthesis and photoreactivity of all monofluorinated derivatives of 2-azido-1-methylbenzimidazole are described. In the case of 4-, 5-, or 7-fluorination, irradiation in the presence of carboxylic acids (300 nm, Rayonet) afforded the monofluorinated 2-amino-6-acyloxybenzimidazoles in a regioselective manner, presumably after conversion of the initially formed nitrene to the N-cyanodiazaxylylene. Incorporation of chloride was also possible, and yields were comparable to those observed for the non-fluorinated parent compound. When blocking the reactive 6-position by a fluoro substituent, the title reaction was not possible. The analysis of the 19F NMR chemical shifts of the 5- and 7-monofluorinated products allowed the distinction between carboxylates and other nucleophiles.
Hypertrophy and Explosive-Reactive Functioning in Sedentary Men After 10 Weeks of Whole-Body Vibration
Authors: Ebing Jens , Gast Ulf , Hauptmann Christoph , Felsenberg Dieter , Belavý Daniel L.
Published: November 2016

Ebing, J, Gast, U, Hauptmann, C, Felsenberg, D, and Belavý, DL. Hypertrophy and explosive-reactive functioning in sedentary men after 10 weeks of whole-body vibration. J Strength Cond Res 32(1): 27–36, 2018—The objective of this study was to determine the impact of vertical (Power-plate; POW) and side-alternating (Galileo; GAL) whole-body vibration exercise on muscle mass and lower-limb neuromuscular function. Forty-three sedentary male subjects (18–30 year) randomized into 3 groups underwent 2 upper-body exercise sessions per week for 10 weeks. Two groups of subjects underwent additional squat exercises on the GAL (N = 15) or POW (N = 14) devices. The third group was control. On magnetic resonance imaging, volume of the thigh muscles was measured. Countermovement jump, multiple one-leg hopping, drop jump, landing test, 15-m sprint, and grip strength were performed. Measurements were performed at baseline, and at 5 and 10 weeks. Significantly greater increases in vasti volume were seen in the GAL (+4.15%; p = 0.00076 vs. control) and POW (+4.81%; p = 0.0074 vs. control) groups than in the control group (−1.22%) at 10 weeks. The adductor magnus volume increased in the GAL (+2.24%; p = 0.00038 vs. baseline) and POW (+2.33%; p = 0.00038 vs. baseline) groups at 10 weeks, but this was not significantly different from the control (−0.67%; p = 0.54 vs. baseline). Hamstring volume decreased in GAL (−1.85%; p = 0.00038 vs. baseline) at 5 weeks with the reduction in the POW group at 5 weeks (−1.73%; p = 0.17 vs. baseline) not reaching significance. There were no significant differences between the POW and GAL groups (p ≥ 0.084) and no significant changes in neuromuscular performance. Twice weekly squat exercises with whole-body vibration, progressing from 3- to 5-minute time under tension, lead to thigh muscle hypertrophy but no improvements in explosive-reactive function.
Rewiring of Signaling Networks Modulating Thermotolerance in the Human Pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans
Authors: Yang Dong-Hoon , Jung Kwang-Woo , Bang Soohyun , Lee Jang-Won , Song Min-Hee , Floyd-Averette Anna , Festa Richard A , Ianiri Giuseppe , Idnurm Alexander , Thiele Dennis J , Heitman Joseph , Bahn Yong-Sun
Published: November 2016

Thermotolerance is a crucial virulence attribute for human pathogens, including the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans that causes fatal meningitis in humans. Loss of the protein kinase Sch9 increases C. neoformans thermotolerance, but its regulatory mechanism has remained unknown. Here, we studied the Sch9-dependent and Sch9-independent signaling networks modulating C. neoformans thermotolerance by using genome-wide transcriptome analysis and reverse genetic approaches. During temperature upshift, genes encoding for molecular chaperones and heat shock proteins were upregulated, whereas those for translation, transcription, and sterol biosynthesis were highly suppressed. In this process, Sch9 regulated basal expression levels or induced/repressed expression levels of some temperature-responsive genes, including heat shock transcription factor (HSF1) and heat shock proteins (HSP104 and SSA1). Notably, we found that the HSF1 transcript abundance decreased but the Hsf1 protein became transiently phosphorylated during temperature upshift. Nevertheless, Hsf1 is essential for growth and its overexpression promoted C. neoformans thermotolerance. Transcriptome analysis using an HSF1 overexpressing strain revealed a dual role of Hsf1 in the oxidative stress response and thermotolerance. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated that Hsf1 binds to the step-type like heat shock element (HSE) of its target genes more efficiently than to the perfect- or gap-type HSE. This study provides insight into the thermotolerance of C. neoformans by elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of Sch9 and Hsf1 through the genome-scale identification of temperature-dependent genes.
Fixation Probability in a Haploid-Diploid Population
Authors: Bessho Kazuhiro , Otto Sarah P
Published: November 2016

Classical population genetic theory generally assumes either a fully haploid or fully diploid life cycle. However, many organisms exhibit more complex life cycles, with both free-living haploid and diploid stages. Here we ask what the probability of fixation is for selected alleles in organisms with haploid-diploid life cycles. We develop a genetic model that considers the population dynamics using both the Moran model and Wright–Fisher model. Applying a branching process approximation, we obtain an accurate fixation probability assuming that the population is large and the net effect of the mutation is beneficial. We also find the diffusion approximation for the fixation probability, which is accurate even in small populations and for deleterious alleles, as long as selection is weak. These fixation probabilities from branching process and diffusion approximations are similar when selection is weak for beneficial mutations that are not fully recessive. In many cases, particularly when one phase predominates, the fixation probability differs substantially for haploid-diploid organisms compared to either fully haploid or diploid species.
Variability in a Short Tandem Repeat Mediates Complex Epistatic Interactions in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Press Maximilian Oliver , Queitsch Christine
Published: November 2016

Short tandem repeats (STRs) are hypervariable genetic elements that occur frequently in coding regions. Their high mutation rate readily generates genetic variation, contributing to adaptive evolution and human diseases. We previously reported that natural ELF3 polyglutamine variants cause reciprocal genetic incompatibilities in two divergent Arabidopsis thaliana backgrounds. Here, we dissect the genetic architecture of this incompatibility, revealing as many as four loci putatively interacting with ELF3. We were able to specifically identify one such ELF3-interacting gene, LSH9. We further used a yeast two-hybrid strategy to identify proteins whose physical interactions with ELF3 were affected by polyglutamine tract length. We found two proteins for which this was the case, ELF4 and AtGLDP1. Using these two approaches, we identify specific genetic interactions and physical mechanisms by which the ELF3 polyglutamine tract may mediate the observed genetic incompatibilities. Our work elucidates how STR variation, which is generally underascertained in population-scale sequencing, can contribute to phenotypic variation. Furthermore, our results support our proposal that highly variable STR loci can contribute to the epistatic component of heritability.
A New Mechanism for Mendelian Dominance in Regulatory Genetic Pathways: Competitive Binding by Transcription Factors
Authors: Porter Adam H , Johnson Norman A , Tulchinsky Alexander Y
Published: November 2016

We report a new mechanism for allelic dominance in regulatory genetic interactions that we call binding dominance. We investigated a biophysical model of gene regulation, where the fractional occupancy of a transcription factor (TF) on the cis-regulated promoter site it binds to is determined by binding energy (–ΔG) and TF dosage. Transcription and gene expression proceed when the TF is bound to the promoter. In diploids, individuals may be heterozygous at the cis-site, at the TF’s coding region, or at the TF’s own promoter, which determines allele-specific dosage. We find that when the TF’s coding region is heterozygous, TF alleles compete for occupancy at the cis-sites and the tighter-binding TF is dominant in proportion to the difference in binding strength. When the TF’s own promoter is heterozygous, the TF produced at the higher dosage is also dominant. Cis-site heterozygotes have additive expression and therefore codominant phenotypes. Binding dominance propagates to affect the expression of downstream loci and it is sensitive in both magnitude and direction to genetic background, but its detectability often attenuates. While binding dominance is inevitable at the molecular level, it is difficult to detect in the phenotype under some biophysical conditions, more so when TF dosage is high and allele-specific binding affinities are similar. A body of empirical research on the biophysics of TF binding demonstrates the plausibility of this mechanism of dominance, but studies of gene expression under competitive binding in heterozygotes in a diversity of genetic backgrounds are needed.
LIETUVIŲ IŠEIVIŲ LEIDYBA JUNGTINĖSE AMERIKOS VALSTIJOSE XIX A. PABAIGOJE–XX A. VIDURYJE: ADRESATO PROBLEMA
Authors: Misiūnas Remigijus
Published: November 2016

Straipsnyje nagrinėjami kai kurie pirmosios lietuvių emigracijos bangos į JAV (XIX a. antra pusė–1914 m.) leidybos XIX a. pabaigoje–XX a. viduryje aspektai, pagrindinį dėmesį telkiant į leidinių adresato problematikos analizę. Straipsnis rengtas remiantis to meto išeivių periodikos publikacijomis, pirmosios bangos išeivijos istorijai skirtais veikalais. Daroma išvada, kad pirmosios lietuvių išeivių bangos JAV leidyba buvo orientuota ne tik į išeivijos poreikio spaudai tenkinimą, bet iš dalies ir į visos lietuvių tautos leidybinius poreikius.
APIE DAR VIENĄ ANKSTYVIAUSIO LIETUVOS REFORMACIJOS PAMINKLO EGZEMPLIORIŲ
Authors: Pociūtė Dainora
Published: November 2016

...
MAŽUMŲ KNYGA: ISTO RINĖS PATIRTYS IR ŠIANDIENOS RAIŠKOS GLOBALIAME PASAULYJE: TARPTAUTINĖ MOKSLINĖ KONFERENCIJA
Authors: Petreikis Tomas
Published: November 2016

...
DVIDEŠIMT KETVIRTOJI SHARP KONFERENCIJA PARYŽIUJE
Authors: Brochet Laura
Published: November 2016

...
São Tomé e Príncipe: reflexões sobre alguns aspectos de sua história agrícola no pós-independência
Authors: Berthet Marina
Published: November 2016

O artigo proposto para o dossiê apresenta reflexões sobre aspectos da história agrícola do país no momento da independência e no pós-independência. A perspectiva escolhida apresentou-se como pertinente para refletir sobre a política do país durante as décadas que seguiram a Independência. As relações estabelecidas entre os membros do governo independente e os trabalhadores agrícolas, as ambivalências do discurso político governamental no momento da nacionalização das terras e sua distribuição são abordados aqui para um balanço sobre a Independência com data oficial de comemoração em 12 de julho de 1975. Procuro demonstrar que as diversas propostas políticas aplicadas ao setor agrícola levaram a uma acentuação da invisibilidade de minorias – principalmente a mão de obra imigrante – que são eventualmente reconhecidas como atores chaves da história agrícola de São Tomé e Príncipe. A gestão da distribuição da terra após a nacionalização do território provocou tensões sociais que acirraram reivindicações identitárias e evidenciaram a consolidação de determinados atores sociais na esfera do poder político. Notas de trabalhos de campo efetuados em 1999-2000 e 2003-2004 e algumas fontes primárias e secundárias enriquecem o texto de informações e auxiliam na argumentação das principais ideias.
Moçambique 41 anos Depois: ‘Crónica’ de uma Imaturidade Política
Authors: Khan Sheila
Published: November 2016

O presente ensaio procura pensar Moçambique nos 41 anos da sua independência. Fruto de uma hegemonia política personificada pela FRELIMO, Moçambique vive hoje o assombro das hostilidades militares com a RENAMO. Num jogo inoperativo de negociações e mediações, a maturidade que outrora se celebrou caiu perante uma realidade desassossegada com questões relacionadas com corrupção, dívidas ocultas e uma grande resistência de, efetivamente, se aceitar a democracia.
Sancassania chelone Oudemans, 1916 (Acari: Acaridae) associated with pest beetles: New records and new hosts in Hungary
Authors: Kontschán J. , Kerezsi V. , Kiss B. , Tóth M.
Published: November 2016

The hypopi of the species Sancassania chelone Oudemans, 1916 were collected from four pest beetle species, namely Melolontha melolontha (Linnaeus, 1758); Melolontha hippocastani Fabricius, 1801; Holochelus aequinoctialis (Herbst, 1790) and Tropinota hirta Poda, 1761. The infestation rate was the highest in H. aequinoctialis (80%), while it was 50%, 28% and 13% in M. hippocastani, M. melolontha and T. hirta, respectively. The majority of the mites were found on wings in case of the two Melolontha species, in contrary, the mites were present on the abdomen of the H. aequinoctialis and T. hirta. Melolontha hippocastani Fabricius, 1801; Holochelus aequinoctialis (Herbst, 1790) and Tropinota hirta (Poda, 1761) are new host species of S. chelone.
Aphid species colonizing mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris L.) along the Hungarian highways
Authors: Basky Zs.
Published: November 2016

Survey of aphids on dicotyledonous herbaceous plants along the Hungarian highways on 33 sampling points revealed the presence of aphid infestation on Artemisia vulgaris L. in 4 locations. Macrosiphoniella artemisiae (Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841) colonies were present on the youngest parts of the shoots each place. On one of the locations the gall forming Cryptosiphum artemisiae Buckton, 1789 was present. Gall containing shoots of the mugwort were collected to rear aphid nymphs to adult. On these shoots the overlooked Brachycaudus cardui Linnaeus, 1758 individuals developed into apterae. Artemisia absinthium L. was present on one location. This plant accommodated Macrosiphoniella absinthii (Linnaeus, 1758).
Relative superlatives and Deg-raising
Authors: Croitor Blanca , Giurgea Ion
Published: November 2016

We address the ongoing debate between raising and in-situ analyses of relative superlatives. We present some arguments in favor of the in-situ analysis of DP-internal relative superlatives: first, the in-situ analysis accounts straightforwardly for the use of the definite article; we show that a recent attempt to explain the use of THE under the raising analysis makes incorrect predictions. Secondly, there is evidence that only a sub-type of relative superlatives, that have certain peculiar properties, rely on raising; crucially, these superlatives lack the definite article. This divide among relative superlatives has first been proposed by Pancheva & Tomaszewicz (2012) for certain adnominal superlatives. We add another context which supports this divide — the predicative context, where relative superlatives which can only be interpreted by raising to the vicinity of the correlate can be found. Based on new data coming from Romanian, we show that these predicative superlatives have different properties from DP-internal relative superlatives, which can be explained if the former involve raising and the latter are interpreted DP-internally.
A demarkált pancreasnecrosis kezelése. Irodalmi áttekintés
Authors: Szentkereszty Zsolt , Balog Klaudia , Balázs Lídia , Csiszkó Adrien
Published: November 2016

Walled-off pancreatic necrosis is a late complication of severe acute pancreatitis that generally needs some interventions. The aim of this review is to analyse the indications, technical aspects and limits of these therapeutic options. The development of the walled-off pancreatic necrosis needs 4–6 weeks from the onset of the disease. The necrosectomy is recommended after this time. Endoscopic necrosectomy offers good results if the necrosis is in retrogastric or retroduodenal localisations. Open necrosectomy can be performed through the gastrocolic ligament or the mesocolon. It is suggested to complete necrosectomy with open or closed omental bursa drainage or packing. The transgastric necrosectomy does not need external drainage. Surgical procedures can be performed with laparoscopy either. In localized necrosis other minimal invasive approaches can be used. Conclusions: In addition to the transluminal endoscopic or minimal invasive necrosectomies different types of surgical procedures has an important role in the treatment of walled-off pancreatic necrosis. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(47), 1866–1870.
A nyaki dissectiók onkológiai hozamának maximalizálása a sebészi morbiditás egyidejű minimalizálása mellett
Authors: Háromi István , Gerlinger Imre , Lujber László , Lőrincz Balázs Bendegúz
Published: November 2016

Cervical regional lymphadenectomy, also known as neck dissection, is a fundamental procedure in head and neck surgery. Its evolution over 110 years resulted in a great deal of confusion in the literature and in clinical practice, due to the heterogenicity in training, classification and surgical techniques, which makes outcomes comparability virtually impossible. The authors aim to clarify this situation in a structured manner, in order to facilitate communication among all specialists involved in multidisciplinary head and neck cancer care. The ultimate goal is to make sure that each and every head and neck cancer patient receives their optimal treatment. Review of the history and literature with statistical comparison of the two mainstraim methods regarding their nodal yield results. The applied surgical technique has a significant impact on nodal yield. An appropriate surgical concept achieves maximum oncologic benefit, minimum surgical morbidity with optimized adjuvant indications. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(47), 1871–1879.
A növényi alapú étrendről
Authors: Szabó Zoltán , Erdélyi Attila , Gubicskóné Kisbenedek Andrea , Ungár Tamás , Lászlóné Polyák Éva , Szekeresné Szabó Szilvia , Kovács Réka Erika , Raposa László Bence , Figler Mária
Published: November 2016

Plant-based diet is an old-new trend in nutrition. In this review based on a historical context, we wish to introduce this popular nutritional trend. Our aim is to present plant-based diet as a primary measure for prevention. We intend to critically analyse some past stereotypes related to plant-based diet – whose main components include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts and seeds – according to the literature (e.g. protein, vitamin B12, folic acid, and iron intake) by doing so we wish to create an adequate conceptual basis for its interpretation. We discuss positive physiological effects of plant-based diet and its possible role in diseases risk reduction. Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases developing due to obesity could be prevented by a properly compiled plant-based diet. For patients with cancer minimizing the intake of foods of animal origin – as opposed to plant-based ones – has proved to have positive effects. Our review suggests this diet can be used in a number of diseases and it also provides long-term sustainable solutions for the health care challenges of the newest era. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(47), 1859–1865.
Szabadgyök-felszabadulás vizsgálata femtoszekundum lézerrel asszisztált capsulotomiát követően
Authors: Tóth Gábor , Sándor Gábor László , Kleiner Dénes , Szentmáry Nóra , Kiss Huba J. , Blázovics Anna , Nagy Zoltán Zsolt
Published: November 2016

Introduction: Femtosecond laser is a revolutionary, innovative treatment method used in cataract surgery. Aim: To evaluate free radical quantity in the anterior chamber of the eye, during femtosecond laser assisted capsulotomy, in a porcine eye model. Method: Seventy fresh porcine eyes were collected within 2 hours post mortem, were transported at 4 ºC and treated within 7 hours. Thirty-five eyes were used as control and 35 as femtosecond laser assisted capsulotomy group. A simple luminol-dependent chemiluminescence method was used to measure the total scavenger capacity in the aqueous humour, as an indicator of free radical production. The emitted photons were expressed in relative light unit %. Results: The relative light unit % was lower in the control group (median 1%, interquartile range [0.4–3%]) than in the femtosecond laser assisted capsulotomy group (median 4.4%, interquartile range [1.5%–21%]) (p = 0.01). Conclusions: Femtosecond laser assisted capsulotomy decreases the antioxidant defense of the anterior chamber, which refers to a significant free radical production during femtosecond laser assisted capsulotomy. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(47), 1880–1883.
A HIV/AIDS és a jog Magyarországon
Authors: Julesz Máté
Published: November 2016

Introduction: The legal aspects of HIV/AIDS are mirrored by the statistical data. Aim: The aim of the author is to show the effect of HIV/AIDS on today’s Hungarian society. Method: Analysis of data issued by the National Center for Epidemiology in Hungary and those to be found in the professional literature, as well as analysis of the Hungarian legal practice. Results: Hungarian courts tend to impose a lighter punishment on a perpetrator diagnosed with AIDS than on a healthy perpetrator. According to the data issued by the Hungarian Epidemiological Center, in 1985, 16 HIV-contaminated persons were registered in Hungary; in 1995, 81, in 2005, 107, whilst in 2015, 201 HIV-contaminated persons were registered in Hungary. In 2005, 10 of the 107 HIV-contaminated persons were anonymous, whilst, in 2015, 37 of the 201 HIV-contaminated persons were anonymous. According to the known data of not anonymous HIV-contaminated persons, the number of males predominates largely over the number of females and this has been the case during the past decades. In Hungary, only a small proportion of the HIV-contaminated persons have died: the number of males predominates over the number of females. Conclusions: As to HIV/AIDS, latency poses problems in the field of healthcare prevention and legal prevention. It seems to be important to protect data relating to healthcare, though the data protection should not impede the prevention of HIV/AIDS. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(47), 1884–1890.
The perceived benefits of the Maties Injury Programme among students
Authors: Bates H
Published: November 2016

Objective: To investigate how athletes attending the Maties InjuryProgramme (MIP) at Stellenbosch University perceived the service,and to highlight areas they believed could be improved.Participants: Thirty athletes representing Stellenbosch Universityattended the MIP following injury in May 2014.Methods: A questionnaire-based service evaluation to assess patients’perceptions of the MIP.Results: Ninety-three percent of participants indicated that theybenefited from attending the injury clinic. Across all domains inthe questionnaire patients reported high levels of satisfaction withthe MIP. Four participants made suggestions for improvement,which have been considered.Conclusions: The theoretical benefits of providing a specialisedsports injury assessment as part of the Campus Health Servicesfor athletes at Stellenbosch University have been supported by theencouraging responses of patients. Incorporating sports injuryprogrammes into campus health services at more universitiesshould be considered.
Post-concussion return to boxing protocol
Authors: Sethi N
Published: November 2016

Background: Concussion is a complex pathophysiological process affecting the brain, induced by traumatic biomechanical forces. Immediately following a concussion, an athlete is usually advised physical and cognitive rest until post-concussion symptoms abate. The athlete then enters a stepwise return-to-play protocol. Premature return to play risks a second concussion, second impact syndrome, exacerbation and persistence of post-concussive symptoms. Various sports governing organisations such as the National Football League have developed post-concussion return to play protocols.Discussion: Professional boxing is a popular contact sport in which concussions are common. Professional boxing currently lacks a standardised post-concussion return to boxing protocol. Professional boxers are arbitrarily suspended for periods ranging from 30 to 90 days after suffering a technical knockout (TKO) due to multiple head and body shots or after a knockout (KO). For some boxers a neurology clearance is requested prior to their return to boxing.Conclusion: Developing and implementing a post-concussion return to the boxing protocol will standardise a return to boxing decision-making process and help to protect a boxer’s health. This paper proposes a post-concussion return to boxing protocol with the recommendation that the proposed protocol be debated vigorously by the scientific community and evidence-based guidelines be developed by the medical community in conjunction with the professional boxing governing bodies.
KIPRAH POLITIK NAHDHATUL ULAMA DI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Pancasilawati Abnan
Published: November 2016

Mengkaji masalah kiprah politik warga NU di Kalimantan Timur memerlukan kejelian dan ketekunan. Apalagi, kuantitas warga NU di pulau Borneo ini telah diklaim mayoritas. Suara warga NU menjadi rebutan terutama ketika menjelang pesta demokrasi, pemilu. Namun tradisi Patron Client warga NU berbeda dengan konsep Patronase umumnya. Ketundukan warga NU bukan pada elit struktural NU, tapi lebih kepada tokoh kharismatis lokal. Instruksi elit struktural, tidak akan banyak berpengaruh banyak dalam merubah niat pilihannya.
Building a Business Case for EBVM
Authors: Jackson Elizabeth , Hauser Sarah
Published: November 2016

The clinical benefits of EBVM are clear however the business case for EBVM requires development. We aim to expand the adoption of EBVM amongst UK veterinary practices by identifying its improvement to practice performance...

This is a podcast of Elizabeth Jackson and Sarah Hauser’s talk at the Veterinary Evidence Today conference, Edinburgh November 2, 2016.

 

 
Espejismos de la modernidad: la Ciudad de México en 'Los fuereños' de José Tomás de Cuéllar
Authors: Zavala Díaz Ana Laura
Published: November 2016

Publicada en 1883, Los fuereños representa una de las últimas incursiones narrativas del prolífico novelista José Tomás de Cuéllar; en ella, el autor no sólo reflexiona acerca de las condiciones materiales de la Ciudad de Méxicoen los umbrales del Porfiriato, sino que analiza, por medio de la mirada de una familia del interior de la República, el estado “moral” de la sociedad mexicana capitalina en pleno proceso modernizador. En sus páginas, Facundo advierte sobre los riesgos económicos y humanos de imponer en un país como México, todavía en construcción, un sistema capitalista basado únicamente en los valores de cambio, en el progreso material.
Eligio Ancona y Justo Sierra O’Reilly: una afinidad electiva
Authors: Sol Tlachi Manuel
Published: November 2016

Después de señalar algunas características de la narrativa de Eligio Ancona, que permiten inscribirlo dentro de la novela del Romanticismo, y la admiración que sentía por la obra histórica y novelística de Justo Sierra O’Reilly,se apunta y precisa, con algunos ejemplos, la presencia del pensamiento y de algunas técnicas narrativas de Sierra O’Reilly (La hija del judío, Los indios de Yucatán, etc.) en novelas de Eligio Ancona como La Cruz y la Espada, El filibustero y El Conde de Peñalva. Impronta que permite considerar a Eligio Ancona no sólo como un discípulo sino como un “alumno” de Justo Sierra O’Reilly, que dejó al margen la novela costumbrista para dedicarse a la novela histórica.