bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deliberating or Thinking (Twice) About Democratic Preferences: What German Citizens Want From Democracy
Authors: Goldberg Saskia , Wyss Dominik , Bächtiger André
Published: April 2019

The question, ‘which kind of democratic governance people prefer’, has moved to the forefront in current democracy research. This article uses existing hypotheses on democratic preferences as an input and employs an advanced research design to find out what citizens want if they had engaged in deliberation and reflection. We conducted an online-experiment with a deliberative treatment asking 256 German citizens in 2016. Our findings show that deliberation does not lead to more informed or differential preferences for governance models compared with getting informed or ‘thinking twice’. One reason are high levels of consistency between basic democratic values and governance choices already before the experiment, contradicting our initial assumption that preferences about democracy are generally ill-formed. Overall, our experiment shows that post-deliberative democratic preferences are mainly driven by issue salience and disenchantment with the actual shape of representative democracy. We detect a sort of a ‘populist’ impulse where disenchantment conduces to calls for a stronger voice of the ‘people’ and participatory governance models, irrespective of their concrete design.
Causal Identification Through a Cumulative Body of Research in the Study of Strategy and Organizations
Authors: Shaver J. Myles
Published: April 2019

I highlight why taking causal identification seriously is important for the study of strategy and organizations. Nevertheless, the nature of the questions that are central to our field and the nature of the data we have to answer these questions complicates doing so. Because of this, I suggest that we explicitly consider identification as an issue that can be addressed only through a cumulative body of empirical research. I outline current research norms and practices that impede adopting this approach and recommend a set of actions to help overcome these norms and practices.
“Now Is a Time for Optimism”: The Politics of Personalized Medicine in Mental Health Research
Authors: Rüppel Jonas
Published: April 2019

Since the completion of the Human Genome Project, personalized medicine has become one of the most influential visions guiding medical research. This paper focuses on the politics of personalized medicine in psychiatry as a medical specialty, which has rarely been investigated by social science scholars. I examine how this vision is being sustained and even increasingly institutionalized within the mental health arena, even though related research has repeatedly failed. Based on a document analysis and expert interviews, this article identifies discursive strategies that help to sustain this vision and its promises: “complexity talk,” “extension,” and “boundary work.” These practices secure its plausibility, protect it from criticism, and maintain stakeholder support.
Pilot testing of the first version of the European Association for Palliative Care basic dataset: A mixed methods study
Authors: Sigurdardottir Katrin Ruth , Hjermstad Marianne J , Filbet Marilene , Tricou Colombe , McQuillan Regina , Costantini Massimo , Autelitano Cristina , Bennett Michael I , Haugen Dagny Faksvåg
Published: April 2019

Background:

Inadequate description of palliative care cancer patients in research studies often leads to results having limited generalizability. To standardize the description of the sample, the European Association for Palliative Care basic data set was developed, with 31 core demographic and disease-related variables.

Aim:

To pilot test the data set to check acceptability, comprehensibility and feasibility.

Design:

International, multi-centre pilot study at nine study sites in five European countries, using mixed methods.

Setting/participants:

Adult cancer patients and staff in palliative care units, hospices and home care.

Results:

In all, 191 patients (544 screened) and 190 health care personnel were included. Median time to fill in the patient form was 5 min and the health care personnel form was 7 min. Ethnicity was the most challenging item for patients and requires decisions at a national level about whether or how to include. Health care personnel found weight loss, principal diagnosis, additional diagnoses and stage of non-cancer diseases most difficult to respond to. Registration of diagnoses will be changed from International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th version code to a predefined list, while weight loss and stage of non-cancer diseases will be removed. The pilot study has led to rewording of items, improvement in response options and shortening of the data set to 29 items.

Conclusion:

Pilot testing of the first version of the European Association for Palliative Care basic data set confirmed that patients and health care personnel understand the questions in a consistent manner and can answer within an acceptable timeframe. The pilot testing has led to improvement, and the new version is now subject to further testing.
Complete remission for 4 years with crizotinib in advanced ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer after thoracostomy for empyema
Authors: Van Damme Eufra , Kiselinova Maja , Van Schoote Elke
Published: April 2019

Introduction

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase ( ALK) gene translocation occurs in 3%–5% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), typically in younger patients. Crizotinib (tyrosine kinase inhibitor) has been considered as the standard of care for advanced ALK-positive lung cancer but it only gives a median progression-free survival of 7.7–11 months.

Case

A 41-year-old old man, former smoker, was diagnosed with NSCLC in the right lung with manifest pleural effusion. This case was complicated by a pleural empyema and because of a trapped lung, there was an indication for the construction of a thoracostomy. After confirmation of the ALK translocation, therapy with crizotinib was started. After 8 weeks, there was excellent response, and 6 months later, all lesions were undetectable on CT scan. There was also complete healing of the thoracostomy wound.

Conclusion

This case describes a relatively young patient with a poor prognosis but with a remarkable and long-term response to crizotinib monotherapy.
Comparison of Overnight Truck Parking Counts with GPS-Derived Counts for Truck Parking Facility Utilization Analysis
Authors: Corro Karla Diaz , Akter Taslima , Hernandez Sarah
Published: April 2019

Increased demand for truck parking resulting from hours-of-service regulations and growing truck volumes, coupled with limited supply of parking facilities, is concerning for transportation agencies and industry stakeholders. To monitor truck parking congestion, the Arkansas Department of Transportation (ARDOT) conducts an annual observational survey of truck parking facilities. As a result of survey methodology, it cannot capture patterns of diurnal and seasonal use, arrival times, and duration. Truck Global Positioning System (GPS) data provide an apt alternative for monitoring parking facility utilization. The issue is that most truck GPS datasets represent a sample of the truck population and the representativeness of that sample may differ by application. Currently no method exists to accurately expand a GPS sample to reflect population-level truck parking facility utilization. This paper leverages the ARDOT study to estimate GPS “expansion factors” by parking facility type and defines two expansion factors: (1) the ratio of trucks parked derived from the GPS sample to those observed during the Overnight Study, and (2) the ratio of truck volume derived from the GPS sample to total truck volume measured on the nearest roadway. Varied expansion factors are found for public, private commercial (e.g., restaurant, retail store, etc.), and private truck stop facilities. Comparatively, the expansion factor based on roadway truck volumes was at least twice as high as that derived from the Overnight Study. Considering this, the method to determine expansion factors has significant implications on the estimated magnitudes of parking facility congestion, and thus will have consequences for investment prioritization.
Lessons and Evaluation of a Headway Control Experiment in Washington, D.C.
Authors: Soza-Parra Jaime , Cats Oded , Carney Yvonne , Vanderwaart Catherine
Published: April 2019

Headway management can potentially reduce passenger waiting time and on-board crowding on high-frequency services. In this study, a headway control experiment was conducted and evaluated for Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Agency routes 70 and 79 in Washington, D.C. The field experiment is evaluated by performing a before–after empirical evaluation. The organizational process and challenges involved with the implementation are discussed. Overall, a reduction of 26% in passenger excess waiting time was attained, which implies annual time savings that translate into US$1 million. Even though the field experiment implementation was far from ideal, the benefits obtained so far might pave the road to a long-term commitment to shift into a fully controlled headway-based management.
Impact of State of Charge and Cell Arrangement on Thermal Runaway Propagation in Lithium Ion Battery Cell Arrays
Authors: Lee Christopher , Said Ahmed O. , Stoliarov Stanislav I.
Published: April 2019

Lithium ion batteries are increasingly used in electrical energy storage systems despite their thermal and chemical hazards on failure. These hazards are magnified when multiple cells are combined together in a pack because of the risk of cascading failure. An experimental setup was utilized to investigate the dynamics, gaseous emissions, and energetics associated with thermal failure of cylindrical 18650 form factor, 2600 mAh, lithium cobalt oxide cathode cell arrays in an inert atmosphere. Cell state of charge (SOC) and arrangement were altered to investigate mitigation strategies and provide recommendations for safer battery pack design, transportation, and storage. Complete failure propagation was not prevented in any test, but decreasing to 50% SOC did result in propagation speeds 8.5 times slower than at 100% SOC. Introducing a 5 mm gap between cell rows also slowed propagation somewhat, but to a lesser degree than lowering SOC. Maximum temperatures, hazardous gas yields, and chemical heat generation were all reduced for cells at 50% SOC compared with 100% SOC, but introducing 5 mm gaps had little impact on these quantities. Limiting cells to 50% SOC was by far the most effective mitigation strategy tested, but no strategy was able to eliminate the failure propagation risk. Installing battery packs in inert environments, limiting SOC, and instituting gaps between certain cells can all be effective strategies to lessen the severity of cascading failure, but none of these strategies are individually sufficient for safe transportation and storage of battery packs.
Effect of soil types and ammonia concentrations on the contribution of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria to CH4 oxidation
Authors: Bian Rongxing , Shi Wei , Duan Yongbo , Chai Xiaoli
Published: April 2019

Irrigation of stabilized landfill leachate to landfill cover soil is a cost-effective operation for leachate treatment. The contribution of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in the cover soil to CH4 oxidation, however, is unclear, because AOB and methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) can co-oxidize CH4 and NH4+-N. Thus, the contribution of AOB and the inhibitory effect of NH4+-N to CH4 oxidation were determined by using an acetylene pretreatment discrimination method. The results showed that the contributions of AOB to CH4 oxidation varied with the soil type and the concentration of NH4+-N addition. The relative contribution of AOB to CH4 oxidation for compost without NH4+-N addition was the highest (65.0%), and was 2.5 and 3.4 times higher than the corresponding values for aged refuse and landfill cover soil, respectively. The inhibitory effect of NH4+-N was enhanced by increasing the concentration of NH4+-N addition for all the soil samples. At equal NH4+-N addition concentrations, the inhibitory effect was always the lowest for the compost sample. The abundances of particulate methane monooxygenase ( pmoA) and ammonia monooxygenase ( amoA) genes were key factors influencing the CH4 oxidation rate and contribution of AOB to CH4 oxidation. The higher abundance of pmoA and lower abundance of amoA in landfill cover soil could explain the higher CH4 oxidation rate and lower contribution of AOB to CH4 oxidation in this soil type. Meanwhile, the higher contribution of AOB to CH4 oxidation for compost could be attributed to the higher abundance of the amoA gene and lower abundance of pmoA.
Socially Assigned Gender Nonconformity and School Violence Experience Among Transgender and Cisgender Adolescents
Authors: Klemmer Cary L. , Rusow Joshua , Goldbach Jeremy , Kattari Shanna K. , Rice Eric
Published: April 2019

Although literature documents the experiences of socially assigned gender nonconformity (SAGNC) by minority sexual orientation (i.e., lesbian, gay, and bisexual [LGB]), examination of the role of gender expression on school violence outcomes in the presence of sexual orientation and gender identity is not well understood. This study describes SAGNC among a representative sample of adolescents, accounting for sexual orientation and gender identity (e.g., transgender). A secondary data analysis was conducted using Youth Risk Behavior Survey data from Los Angeles Unified School District high schools in 2013 ( N = 1,496). The prevalence of school violence by self-reported SAGNC and gender identity was obtained. Associations between SAGNC and school violence were examined using multivariate logistic regression adjusted for mischievous response bias. Two hundred ninety-one (19.5%) adolescents reported SAGNC. Having missed school due to a safety concern and being bullied in the past year were more common among socially assigned gender nonconforming adolescents than those who conformed to gender expression expectations. Socially assigned gender nonconforming adolescents, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity, are at greater risk of missed school due to safety concerns, and bullying, as compared with those who conform to norms of gender expression. Future research should measure SAGNC, sexual orientation, gender identity, and expression with larger representative samples of school populations across contexts (urban and rural), and inclusive of structural factors (e.g., school climate) to guide the development of prevention efforts.
The Rise in Pay for Performance Among Higher Managerial and Professional Occupations in Britain: Eroding or Enhancing the Service Relationship?
Authors: Williams Mark , Zhou Ying , Zou Min
Published: April 2019

Higher managerial and professional occupations are now the most incentivized occupational class in Britain. It is not yet known whether the rise in pay for performance (PFP) signifies an erosion or enhancement in the ‘service relationship’ that purportedly characterizes these occupations. Taking an occupational class perspective, this article investigates the implications of the rise in PFP for the employment relationship and conditions of work across the occupational structure using two nationally representative datasets. In fixed-effects estimates, PFP is found to heavily substitute base earnings in non-service class occupations, but not in service class occupations. PFP jobs generally have no worse conditions relative to non-PFP jobs within occupational classes. The article concludes the rise in PFP should be conceptualized more as a form of ‘rent sharing’ for service class occupations, enhancing the service relationship, and as a form of ‘risk sharing’ for non-service class occupations.
Intentional Binding Without Intentional Action
Authors: Suzuki Keisuke , Lush Peter , Seth Anil K. , Roseboom Warrick
Published: April 2019

The experience of authorship over one’s actions and their consequences—sense of agency—is a fundamental aspect of conscious experience. In recent years, it has become common to use intentional binding as an implicit measure of the sense of agency. However, it remains contentious whether reported intentional-binding effects indicate the role of intention-related information in perception or merely represent a strong case of multisensory causal binding. Here, we used a novel virtual-reality setup to demonstrate identical magnitude-binding effects in both the presence and complete absence of intentional action, when perceptual stimuli were matched for temporal and spatial information. Our results demonstrate that intentional-binding-like effects are most simply accounted for by multisensory causal binding without necessarily being related to intention or agency. Future studies that relate binding effects to agency must provide evidence for effects beyond that expected for multisensory causal binding by itself.
The fundamental handbook for analytical spectroscopy. Release of the second edition of ‘Chemometrics in spectroscopy’ by Howard Mark and Jerry Workman, Jr. and its impact on the spectroscopic community
Authors: Beć Krzysztof B , Grabska Justyna , Huck Christian W
Published: April 2019

In the last year, an event of a marked significance for the spectroscopic community had taken place. The second edition of Chemometrics in spectroscopy, by Howard Mark and Jerry Workman, Jr. has been published. In relation to its first edition, this plausibly the most renowned chemometric-based tutorial book has been significantly expanded with new content covering the substantial progress that has occurred in the field over the last decade. The comprehensive tutorial has been augmented by both the revised and newly added sections exploring the most recent hot topics in analytical spectroscopy. These include, but are not limited to, aspects directly and indirectly corresponding to calibration and spectral transfer, principal components, regression models, classical least squares, units of measure in spectroscopy, clinical data analysis, and other highly relevant topics. In the present short review, we sketch the features and improvements introduced in the re-released epic handbook for chemometricians and spectroscopists, providing the reader with a summary of essential information helpful in deciding whether this book should land in his library shelf.
Untangling Faculty Misinformation From an Educational Perspective: Rejoinder to “The Menace of Misinformation: Faculty Misstatements in Management Education and Their Consequences”
Authors: Brahm Taiga , Jenert Tobias
Published: April 2019

In their thought-provoking article, Giacalone and Promislo point to some problematic ideas in management education such as the adoration of materialism and competition or the notion of the economic model as a natural law. But do students really develop such ideas because they were misinformed by their teachers? Misinformation implies that what is taught is not the truth or at least not the whole truth. We suggest that the question of how to design future management education cannot be answered by only looking at what should be taught. Rather, we suggest that debates about the future of management education should not only be concerned with content but also the epistemology and the teaching of management theory. Not only does the current mainstream of management education misinform students by painting a one-sided picture of economic realities. Rather, and even more importantly, it leads students to develop misconceptions of knowledge in management science as being objective and unambiguous. Teaching students how to reflect on the assumptions behind management theories as well as their own assumptions and values might be a possible way to tackle the challenge of misinformation.
Exploratory Factor Analyses of the Intelligence and Development Scales–2: Implications for Theory and Practice
Authors: Grieder Silvia , Grob Alexander
Published: April 2019

The factor structure of the intelligence and scholastic skills domains of the Intelligence and Development Scales–2 was examined using exploratory factor analyses with the standardization and validation sample ( N = 2,030, aged 5 to 20 years). Results partly supported the seven proposed intelligence group factors. However, the theoretical factors Visual Processing and Abstract Reasoning as well as Verbal Reasoning and Long-Term Memory collapsed, resulting in a five-factor structure for intelligence. Adding the three scholastic skills subtests resulted in an additional factor Reading/Writing and in Logical–Mathematical Reasoning showing a loading on abstract Visual Reasoning and the highest general factor loading. A data-driven separation of intelligence and scholastic skills is not evident. Omega reliability estimates based on Schmid–Leiman transformations revealed a strong general factor that accounted for most of the true score variance both overall and at the group factor level. The possible usefulness of factor scores is discussed.
Experimental investigation of the dissipation characteristic of sandwich structures with periodically perforated viscoelastic damping material core
Authors: Zhou X. Q. , Wang L. , Yu D.Y. , Zhang C. Y.
Published: April 2019

Wave energy can be dissipated gradually when it is propagated in viscoelastic damping material (VDM) composite structures. In this paper, after the specimens with different opening ratios (ORs) of VDM layer are prepared, the elastic wave energy propagation and dissipation characteristic of periodically perforated VDM cored sandwich structures are investigated by an experimental method. The sandwich structures are discretized into several testing points in our experiment. When the complex velocity, equivalent effective mass, and external excitation forces have been obtained at each testing point by sensors, the energy dissipation in the sandwich structure is determined based on the energy dissipation mechanism of wave transmission in solid. The experimental results are then compared with theoretical and numerical simulation results. By analyzing the computational accuracy of theoretical and numerical results using experimental data, it is shown that high consistency between theoretical, numerical, and experimental results can be achieved, especially in the medium-frequency and high-frequency ranges. Thus, our experimental results demonstrate that periodically perforated VDM sandwich structures can be applied to engineering practice for their good performance of dissipation characteristics in the middle-frequency and high-frequency ranges.
“We’re All the Same Here”—Investigating the Rehabilitative Climate of a Re-Rolled Sexual Offender Prison: A Qualitative Longitudinal Study
Authors: Blagden Nicholas , Wilson Kirsten
Published: April 2019

Understanding how individuals with sexual convictions experience prison and its environment is important because such experiences can affect rehabilitation outcomes. This is the first qualitative longitudinal investigation that explores the experiences of prisoners in a prison exclusively for individuals with sexual convictions over time. The purpose of this research was to explore the rehabilitative and therapeutic climate of a recently re-rolled prison (a general prison turned into a prison only for individuals who have sexually offended) at two time points (T1 at re-roll and T2 a year later). The study focuses on prisoners’ perspectives of the purpose of the prison, experience of prison life, relationships in the prison, and the prison regime over time. Twenty interviews were conducted across the time points and revealed two main superordinate themes: “‘Being’ in a prison for individuals with sexual convictions” and “obstructions to change.” This research adds to the emerging body of knowledge surrounding the importance of the wider prison environment on the rehabilitation of individuals with sexual convictions and on the benefits and risks of co-locating men who have committed sexual offenses in the same prison site. It also has implications wider than rehabilitation of those convicted of sexual offenses and has insights for the types of environment and prisoner–staff relationships that are conducive to rehabilitation.
Stalking the True Self Through the Jungles of Authenticity: Problems, Contradictions, Inconsistencies, Disturbing Findings—and a Possible Way Forward
Authors: Baumeister Roy F.
Published: April 2019

Research on authenticity frequently invokes notions of true self, but is there such thing? The question must be answered twice, given frequent confusion and conflation of self with self-concept. Summarizing and integrating themes from authenticity research as evident in this special issue, I draw these conclusions. True self-concepts are more plausible than genuinely true selves, if the latter are independent entities distinct from actual behavior and experience. Yet rather than a single true self-concept, people have multiple nonfalse ones, none of which is entirely true. Among these, the pragmatically most important is the desired reputation, given the social-cultural orientation of humankind. Desired reputation is more a guide and goal than a reality, but successes and failures at achieving that reputation will produce welcome and unwelcome feelings that are likely reported as feeling authentic and inauthentic (respectively). Understanding authenticity in this way solves some of the perennial problems that beset research and theory on authenticity, especially positive distortion and external rather than internal orientation.
Statistical and machine learning models for optimizing energy in parallel applications
Authors: Endrei Mark , Jin Chao , Dinh Minh Ngoc , Abramson David , Poxon Heidi , DeRose Luiz , de Supinski Bronis R
Published: April 2019

Rising power costs and constraints are driving a growing focus on the energy efficiency of high performance computing systems. The unique characteristics of a particular system and workload and their effect on performance and energy efficiency are typically difficult for application users to assess and to control. Settings for optimum performance and energy efficiency can also diverge, so we need to identify trade-off options that guide a suitable balance between energy use and performance. We present statistical and machine learning models that only require a small number of runs to make accurate Pareto-optimal trade-off predictions using parameters that users can control. We study model training and validation using several parallel kernels and more complex workloads, including Algebraic Multigrid (AMG), Large-scale Atomic Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator, and Livermore Unstructured Lagrangian Explicit Shock Hydrodynamics. We demonstrate that we can train the models using as few as 12 runs, with prediction error of less than 10%. Our AMG results identify trade-off options that provide up to 45% improvement in energy efficiency for around 10% performance loss. We reduce the sample measurement time required for AMG by 90%, from 13 h to 74 min.
A parallel algorithm for chimera grid with implicit hole cutting method
Authors: Hu Xiaodong , Lu Zhonghua , Zhang Jian , Liu Xiazhen , Yuan Wu , Liang Shan , Zhang Haikuo
Published: April 2019

The chimera grid methods have been widely used in the simulation of flow over complex configurations and unsteady moving boundary process. Lee and Baeder presented the implicit hole cutting (IHC) method, which improves the practicability and robustness of chimera grid method. But the excessive time consumption of this method restricts the scalability of parallelism. In this article, based on the parallel implementation of IHC method with structured multi-block grid, the factors which restrict the performance and efficiency are analyzed. Cartesian auxiliary grid is introduced to reduce the communication and computing cost. Finally, test cases are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of this algorithm, and the calculation and data communication are reduced on the premise of maintaining accuracy.
Frequency and voltage dependent electrical and dielectric properties of Ag/nGO doped PVA/p-Si sandwich structure at room temperature
Authors: Karataş Şükrü
Published: April 2019

In present study, we investigated frequency and voltage dependence of electrical and dielectric properties of Ag/nGO doped poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/ p-Si structures. The nGO-PVA films were prepared by using improved Hummers method and this thin film layers were analyzed with SEM and EDX. The main parameters as ideality factor (n), barrier height (Φbo) and saturation current (I0) were obtained from current–voltage (I-V) measurements. The frequency dependent electrical characteristics of structure investigated using capacitance–voltage (C–V) and conductance–voltage (G/ω–V) measurements in the frequency range of 10 kHz to 1000 kHz in 300 K absolute temperature. The capacitance, conductance and series resistance (RS) values decreased with increasing frequency. These decreases at higher frequencies are attributed to existence of interface state densities. The presence of the interface state densities (NSS) are also evidenced as a peak in the capacitance, conductance and series resistance–frequency characteristics. After, the dielectric properties of Ag/GO-PVA/ p-Si structures were obtained using C–V and G/ω–V measurements in the same frequency ranges. The values of dielectric constant (ε′), dielectric loss (ε″), and loss tangent (tanδ) decreases with increasing frequency while ac electrical conductivity (σac) increase with increasing frequency. Our results showed that frequency dependent electrical and dielectric properties were strongly frequency and voltage dependent.
Minor Head Injury Symptoms and Recovery From Whiplash Injury: A 1-Year Prospective Study
Authors: Kasch Helge , Jensen Luana Leonora
Published: April 2019

Aim:

To examine concussion-related disability in neck injuries, the Rivermead Head Injury Follow-Up Questionnaire (RHFUQ) was applied. Furthermore, we wanted to investigate symptoms found in post-concussion syndrome (PCS) and global pain, neck pain intensities obtained from acute whiplash patients within 1 week and at 6 months after injury in a prospective study on 1-year work disability.

Methods:

A total of 143 consecutive acute whiplash-injured patients were admitted to the study from the Emergency Unit (Aarhus University Hospital). Patients with direct head trauma or reported retro- or anterograde amnesia were excluded from the study. Average neck pain and global pain intensity were measured on a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS 0-10). The RHFUQ (10 items, score from 0 to 4, total score from 0 to 40) was fulfilled after 1 week and 6 months. Patients underwent neurological examination within 1 week after injury. Recovery (return to work) was assessed 1 year post-injury.

Results:

In total, 97% completed the study, and 9% (12/138) did not recover. Non-recovered patients reported more neck pain and global pain after 1 week ( P < .003) and 6 months ( P < .008) and higher PCS symptom score after 1 week ( P < .001) and 6 months ( P < .002). Using the RHFUQ total score as a predictive test, a receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) area of 0.77 (0.61-0.92) and a cut-off at 10 points revealed a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 67.2%. At 1 week, 8 of 10 items reached higher scores among non-recovered and 10 of 10 items after 6 months post-injury.

Conclusions:

RHFUQ is useful in acute whiplash patients for predicting 1-year work disability. PCS-related symptoms along with neck pain and global pain are more burdensome in the non-recovered group. This emphasizes that post-concussion symptoms are not a sign of brain injury alone, but are found in other types of mishaps like whiplash injuries.
Daoism and dialogism: A dialogue between China and the West
Authors: Zhou Xiaodi
Published: April 2019

In this paper, I explore Chinese Daoist theoretical connections with modern conceptions of dialogue and Western theories of psychology. I investigate and compare these lines of Western thinking with classical Chinese thought, noting the complexities in each. I discuss and disseminate how the Daoist principle of yin yang may be related to the dialogic understandings of Bakhtin. I also contend that the Western field of psychology, particularly the work of Carl Jung , has incorporated Daoist principles of yin yang in its conception and practice. I argue that present Western thought in general may have connections with Chinese Daoist thinking in conceiving of a reality that is in dynamic and in flux.
Associations of edge-detected and manual-traced common carotid artery intima-media thickness with incident peripheral artery disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Polak Joseph F , Herrington David , O’Leary Daniel H
Published: April 2019

Common carotid artery (CCA) intima-media thickness (IMT) is associated with coronary heart disease and can be measured on ultrasound images either by hand or with an automated edge detector. The association of CCA IMT with incident peripheral artery disease (PAD) is poorly studied. We studied 5467 participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis composed of non-Hispanic white, Chinese, Hispanic, and African American participants with a mean age of 61.9 years (47.8% men). Framingham Risk Factors, manual-traced IMT (mt-IMT), and edge-detected IMT (ed-IMT) were entered into multivariable Cox proportional hazards models with incident PAD as the outcome. There were 87 events during a median follow-up of 12.2 years. In fully adjusted models and expressing the hazard ratios (HR) as an increment in SD values, both mt-IMT and ed-IMT were significantly associated with incident PAD: HR 1.36 (95% CI: 1.15, 1.61) and 1.29 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.60), respectively. We conclude that ed- and mt-CCA IMT measurements are associated with incident PAD. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00063440
What factors influence healthcare professionals to refer children and families to paediatric psychology?
Authors: O’Connell Christine , Shafran Roz , Camic Paul M , Bryon Mandy , Christie Deborah
Published: April 2019

Objectives:

This study aimed to investigate factors influencing referral of children with physical illness to paediatric psychology. Due to high rates of mental health problems within this population, studies have shown that referral to paediatric psychology should be increased. However, few studies have examined factors shaping healthcare professionals’ referral behaviour.

Methods:

This study used the theory of planned behaviour to develop a questionnaire which explores factors influencing the referral of children and families to paediatric psychology. Psychometric properties of the questionnaire were examined.

Results:

The questionnaire was found to have good reliability and validity. The main constructs of the theory of planned behaviour were useful in predicting intention to refer to paediatric psychology. Specific beliefs about referral were shown to influence intention to refer.

Conclusion:

Findings suggest that individual attitudes and beliefs can impact healthcare professionals’ referral behaviour, indicating that multidisciplinary interventions and inter-professional education relating to the psychological aspects of illness are required.
The digital carceral: Media infrastructure, digital cultures and state surveillance in post-Arab Spring Morocco
Authors: Iddins Annemarie
Published: April 2019

This paper analyzes Moroccan discourses around media infrastructures and their intersection with carceral culture, taking up Mamfakinch’s responses to state-sponsored spyware attacks and judicial harassment as symbolic of shifting imaginaries of the digital. This work is situated within a growing subset of the media and communication literature on media infrastructures, which works to connect the materiality of media systems with everyday media cultures, practices and power. Mamfakinch’s experience with spyware and subsequent evolution into a digital rights organization are indicative of attempts to transfer a lingering carceral culture into digital spaces and a shift in state and activist internet imaginaries. In a global era and as part of a hypersurveillant state, Mamfakinch demonstrates how the digital becomes an increasingly important site for the surveillance and policing of dissent while presenting new modes of publicness and activism that directly challenge those endeavors.
When ‘feminism’ becomes a genre: Alias Grace and ‘feminist’ television
Authors: Cattien Jana
Published: April 2019

Alias Grace is just one of the many recent TV shows that was labelled ‘feminist’ so quickly and with such ease that one is left to wonder how much of a genre ‘feminism’ has already become. This article interrogates what is at stake for ‘feminist’ critique in labelling cultural phenomena as ‘feminist’. I argue that certain ways of reading Alias Grace as a ‘feminist’ show preclude an alternative reading in which Alias Grace emerges as a critique of ‘feminism’ itself. What is at stake in the debate on ‘feminism’ in popular culture is thus not only whether or not we can recognise the potential for ‘feminist’ critique that resides within popular culture, but also whether or not we can allow socio-cultural phenomena, like TV shows, to take ‘feminism’ as an object of critique: to generate the kind of critical movement that renders futile any attempt to stabilise, or reify, the signifier ‘feminism’ as an ahistorical object with fixed meanings – as a genre even. In so doing, I take it that there is no privileged site from which to engender such movement; and I do not take popular culture as a self-contained domain that could qualify for being such a site. The point, then, is not to treat Alias Grace as a representative case study in popular ‘feminism’; but rather, to demonstrate, by way of Alias Grace, the complex and contradictory readings that socio-cultural phenomena are amenable to, and which in turn give rise to critical possibilities that unfold from within these phenomena. Reading Alias Grace critically, as I understand it in this article, means allowing it to be, at one and the same time, a reflection on itself and a reflection on the world in which it so quickly comes to be labelled ‘feminist’.
Variable valve actuation–based combustion control strategies for efficiency improvement and emissions control in a heavy-duty diesel engine
Authors: Guan Wei , Pedrozo Vinícius B , Zhao Hua , Ban Zhibo , Lin Tiejian
Published: April 2019

High nitrogen oxide levels of the conventional diesel engine combustion often requires the introduction of exhaust gas recirculation at high engine loads. This can adversely affect the smoke emissions and fuel conversion efficiency associated with a reduction of the in-cylinder air-fuel ratio (lambda). In addition, low exhaust gas temperatures at low engine loads reduce the effectiveness of aftertreatment systems necessary to meet stringent emissions regulations. These are some of the main issues encountered by current heady-duty diesel engines. In this work, variable valve actuation–based advanced combustion control strategies have been researched as means of improving upon the engine exhaust temperature, emissions, and efficiency. Experimental analysis was carried out on a single-cylinder heady-duty diesel engine equipped with a high-pressure common-rail fuel injection system, a high-pressure loop cooled exhaust gas recirculation, and a variable valve actuation system. The variable valve actuation system enables a late intake valve closing and a second intake valve opening during the exhaust stroke. The results showed that Miller cycle was an effective technology for exhaust temperature management of low engine load operations, increasing the exhaust gas temperature by 40 °C and 75 °C when running engine at 2.2 and 6 bar net indicated mean effective pressure, respectively. However, Miller cycle adversely effected carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbon emissions at a light load of 2.2 bar indicated mean effective pressure. This could be overcome when combining Miller cycle with a second intake valve opening strategy due to the formation of a relatively hotter in-cylinder charge induced by the presence of internal exhaust gas recirculation. This strategy also led to a significant reduction in soot emissions by 82% when compared with the baseline engine operation. Alternatively, the use of external exhaust gas recirculation and post injection on a Miller cycle operation decreased high nitrogen oxide emissions by 67% at a part load of 6 bar indicated mean effective pressure. This contributed to a reduction of 2.2% in the total fluid consumption, which takes into account the urea consumption in aftertreatment system. At a high engine load of 17 bar indicated mean effective pressure, a highly boosted Miller cycle strategy with exhaust gas recirculation increased the fuel conversion efficiency by 1.5% while reducing the total fluid consumption by 5.4%. The overall results demonstrated that advanced variable valve actuation–based combustion control strategies can control the exhaust gas temperature and engine-out emissions at low engine loads as well as improve upon the fuel conversion efficiency and total fluid consumption at high engine loads, potentially reducing the engine operational costs.
The implications of a new paradigm of care on the built environment. The Humanitas© Deventer model: Innovative practice
Authors: Landi Davide , Smith Grahame
Published: April 2019

As people live longer, rates of long-term conditions such as dementia are increasing and healthcare costs are exponentially increasing. Dementia services recognise there is a need for change; this paper provides an example of how people interacting within an architectural-led care system can positively influence this need for change. The adopted method within this paper is the ‘thinking, making and living’ approach underpinned by a one-time post-occupancy evaluation. The architectural-led care system, the Humanitas© Deventer in the Netherlands, is a good example of a new paradigm of care built on sustainable collaboration, which positively contributes to the well-being of the recipients of care – people with dementia.
Photogrammetry-based structural damage detection by tracking a visible laser line
Authors: Xu Yongfeng
Published: April 2019

Research works on photogrammetry have received tremendous attention in the past few decades. One advantage of photogrammetry is that it can measure displacement and deformation of a structure in a fully non-contact, full-field manner. As a non-destructive evaluation method, photogrammetry can be used to detect structural damage by identifying local anomalies in measured deformation of a structure. Numerous methods have been proposed to measure deformations by tracking exterior features of structures, assuming that the features can be consistently identified and tracked on sequences of digital images captured by cameras. Such feature-tracking methods can fail if the features do not exist on captured images. One feasible solution to the potential failure is to artificially add exterior features to structures. However, painting and mounting such features can introduce unwanted permanent surficial modifications, mass loads, and stiffness changes to structures. In this article, a photogrammetry-based structural damage detection method is developed, where a visible laser line is projected to a surface of a structure, serving as an exterior feature to be tracked; the projected laser line is massless and its existence is temporary. A laser-line-tracking technique is proposed to track the projected laser line on captured digital images. Modal parameters of a target line corresponding to the projected laser line can be estimated by conducting experimental modal analysis. By identifying anomalies in curvature mode shapes of the target line and mapping the anomalies to the projected laser line, structural damage can be detected with identified positions and sizes. An experimental investigation of the damage detection method was conducted on a damaged beam. Modal parameters of a target line corresponding to a projected laser line were estimated, which compared well with those from a finite element model of the damaged beam. Experimental damage detection results were validated by numerical ones from the finite element model.
Children’s Experiences on Learning the 21st-Century Skills With Digital Games
Authors: Kahila Juho , Valtonen Teemu , Tedre Matti , Mäkitalo Kati , Saarikoski Olli
Published: April 2019

Previous research on learning-related digital games has focused on studying learning outcomes with mostly adult participants. This study explores what children have experienced they have learned by playing digital games, how these learning experiences relate to 21st-century skills, and in which contexts do the children benefit from playing digital games. The data were collected from children’s essays, which were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results reveal that children’s learning experiences are often related to 21st-century core subjects and skills, but they also reported improved physical abilities and sports competences from digital games. Children felt that the skills they had gained were beneficial in the contexts of school, sports, and friendships. The results contribute to our understanding of digital games and children by providing children’s perspective on digital games and learning.
Reoperation Rates and Costs of Radial Head Arthroplasty Versus Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Radial Head and Neck Fractures: A Retrospective Database Study
Authors: Reinhardt Daniel , Toby E. Bruce , Brubacher Jacob
Published: April 2019

Background: We conducted a retrospective study to compare reoperation/conversion rates and costs between open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) and radial head arthroplasty (RHA) in patients with radial head/neck fractures. Methods: We examined the Humana Orthopedic data sets using the PearlDiver Application from January 2007 to June 2016 to identify patients with radial head and neck fractures with and without a concurrent elbow dislocation. Time to revision surgery, odds ratios, and survival curves for reoperations/conversions were calculated comparing ORIF and RHA. Results: A total of 7520 patients were identified who had undergone either ORIF or RHA. Overall, ORIF patients were less likely to undergo a conversion procedure (2.76% vs 7.03%) but more likely to undergo any reoperation (21.36% vs 17.63%) with a higher average cost ($19 688.46 vs $11 626.64). Patients who underwent ORIF without a concurrent elbow dislocation were also less likely to undergo a conversion procedure (2.12% vs 7.24%) but more likely to undergo any reoperation (20.22% vs 16.99%) with a higher average cost ($19 420.21 vs $11 123.61). Patients who underwent ORIF with a concurrent elbow dislocation were more likely to undergo both a conversion procedure (15.86% vs 6.39%) and any reoperation (44.98% vs 19.63%) with a higher average cost per patient ($24 999.62 vs $13 192.00). The average time to reoperation/conversion surgery was less than a year for all patient groups. Conclusions: Overall reoperation rates are high in patients undergoing operative treatment of radial head and neck fractures. RHA is less expensive and has fewer reoperations/conversions in short-term follow-up when compared with ORIF in radial head/neck fracture dislocations of the elbow.