bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcranial ultrasound neuromodulation of the thalamic visual pathway in a large animal model and the dose-response relationship with MR-ARFI
Authors: Mohammadjavadi Morteza , Ash Ryan T. , Li Ningrui , Gaur Pooja , Kubanek Jan , Saenz Yamil , Glover Gary H. , Popelka Gerald R. , Norcia Anthoney M. , Pauly Kim Butts
Published: November 2022

Neuromodulation of deep brain structures via transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) is a promising, but still elusive approach to non-invasive treatment of brain disorders. The purpose of this study was to confirm that MR-guided TUS of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) can modulate visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in the intact large animal; and to study the impact on cortical brain oscillations. The LGN on one side was identified with T2-weighted MRI in sheep (all male, n = 9). MR acoustic radiation force imaging (MR-ARFI) was used to confirm localization of the targeted area in the brain. Electroencephalographic (EEG) signals were recorded, and the visual evoked potential (VEP) peak-to-peak amplitude (N70 and P100) was calculated for each trial. Time–frequency spectral analysis was performed to elucidate the effect of TUS on cortical brain dynamics. The VEP peak-to-peak amplitude was reversibly suppressed relative to baseline during TUS. Dynamic spectral analysis demonstrated a change in cortical oscillations when TUS is paired with visual sensory input. Sonication-associated microscopic displacements, as measured by MR-ARFI, correlated with the TUS-mediated suppression of visual evoked activity. TUS non-invasively delivered to LGN can neuromodulate visual activity and oscillatory dynamics in large mammalian brains.
EEG analysis of the visual motion activated vection network in left- and right-handers
Authors: McAssey Michaela , Brandt Thomas , Dieterich Marianne
Published: November 2022

Visually-induced self-motion perception (vection) relies on interaction of the visual and vestibular systems. Neuroimaging studies have identified a lateralization of the thalamo-cortical multisensory vestibular network, with left-handers exhibiting a dominance of the left hemisphere and right-handers exhibiting a dominance of the right hemisphere. Using electroencephalography (EEG), we compare the early processing of a vection-consistent visual motion stimulus against a vection-inconsistent stimulus, to investigate the temporal activation of the vection network by visual motion stimulation and the lateralization of these processes in left- versus right-handers. In both groups, vection-consistent stimulation evoked attenuated central event-related potentials (ERPs) in an early (160–220 ms) and a late (260–300 ms) time window. Differences in estimated source activity were found across visual, sensorimotor, and multisensory vestibular cortex in the early window, and were observed primarily in the posterior cingulate, retrosplenial cortex, and precuneus in the late window. Group comparisons revealed a larger ERP condition difference (i.e. vection-consistent stimulation minus vection-inconsistent stimulation) in left-handers, which was accompanied by group differences in the cingulate sulcus visual (CSv) area. Together, these results suggest that handedness may influence ERP responses and activity in area CSv during vection-consistent and vection-inconsistent visual motion stimulation.
Investigation on factors related to poor CPAP adherence using machine learning: a pilot study
Authors: Eguchi Kana , Yabuuchi Tsutomu , Nambu Masayuki , Takeyama Hirofumi , Azuma Shozo , Chin Kazuo , Kuroda Tomohiro
Published: November 2022

To improve patients’ adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, this study aimed to clarify whether machine learning-based data analysis can identify the factors related to poor CPAP adherence (i.e., CPAP usage that does not reach four hours per day for five days a week). We developed a CPAP adherence prediction model using logistic regression and learn-to-rank machine learning with a pairwise approach. We then investigated adherence prediction performance targeting a 12-week period and the top ten factors correlating to poor CPAP adherence. The CPAP logs of 219 patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) obtained from clinical treatment at Kyoto University Hospital were used. The highest adherence prediction accuracy obtained was an F1 score of 0.864. Out of the top ten factors obtained with the highest prediction accuracy, four were consistent with already-known clinical knowledge. The factors for better CPAP adherence indicate that air leakage should be avoided, mask pressure should be kept constant, and CPAP usage duration should be longer and kept constant. The results indicate that machine learning is an adequate method for investigating factors related to poor CPAP adherence.
Binding epitope for recognition of human TRPM4 channel by monoclonal antibody M4M
Authors: Wei Shunhui , Behn Julian , Poore Charlene Priscilla , Low See Wee , Nilius Bernd , Fan Hao , Liao Ping
Published: November 2022

Mouse monoclonal antibody M4M was recently designed to block human TRPM4 channel. The polypeptide for generating M4M is composed of peptide A1 between the transmembrane segment 5 (S5) and the pore, and a second peptide A2 between the pore and the transmembrane segment 6 (S6). Using peptide microarray, a 4-amino acid sequence EPGF within the A2 was identified to be the binding epitope for M4M. Substitution of EPGF with other amino acids greatly reduced binding affinity. Structural analysis of human TRPM4 structure indicates that EPGF is located externally to the channel pore. A1 is close to the EPGF binding epitope in space, albeit separated by a 37-amino acid peptide. Electrophysiological study reveals that M4M could block human TRPM4, but with no effect on rodent TRPM4 which shares a different amino acid sequence ERGS for the binding motif. Our results demonstrate that M4M is a specific inhibitor for human TRPM4.
Neural network ensemble model for prediction of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) using partial least squares regression
Authors: Lee Jaejin , Hong Hyeonji , Song Jae Min , Yeom Eunseop
Published: November 2022

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a non-specific blood test for determining inflammatory conditions. However, the long measurement time (60 min) to obtain ESR is an obstacle for a prompt evaluation. In this study, to reduce the measurement time of ESR, deep neural networks (DNNs) were applied to the sedimentation tendency of blood samples. DNNs using multilayer perceptron (MLP), long short-term memory (LSTM), and gated recurrent unit (GRU) were assessed and compared to determine a suitable length of time for the input sequence. To avoid overfitting, a stacking ensemble learning was adopted, which combines multiple models by using a meta model. Four meta models were compared: mean, median, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, and partial least squares regression (PLSR) schemes. From the empirical results, LSTM and GRU models have better prediction than MLP over sequence lengths of 5 to 20 min. The decrease in$$\overline{\mathrm{MAPE} }$$MAPE¯and$$\overline{\mathrm{RMSE} }$$RMSE¯of GRU and LSTM was attenuated after a sequence length of 15 min, so the input sequence length is determined as 15 min. In terms of the meta model, the statistical comparison suggests that GRU combined with PLSR (GRU–PLSR) is the best case. Then, the GRU–PLSR was tested for prediction of ESR data obtained from periodontitis patients to check its applicability to a specific disease. The Bland–Altman plot shows acceptable agreement between measured and predicted ESR values. Based on the results, the GRU–PLSR can predict ESR with improved performance within 15 min and has potential applicability to ESR data with inflammatory and non-inflammatory conditions.
AntiPD-L1 antibody conjugated Au-SPIOs nanoplatform for enhancing radiosensitivity and triggering anti-tumor immune response
Authors: Du Chengrun , Jiang Jianyun , Wan Caifeng , Pan Guangsen , Kong Fangfang , Zhai Ruiping , Hu Chaosu , Ying Hongmei
Published: November 2022

To improve radiotherapy effect by inducing more toxicity for tumors and less for normal tissue and switching immunosuppressive microenvironment caused by expression of PD-L1 and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to immunoreactive microenvironment, we designed a PD-L1-targeted nanoplatform consisting of gold nanoparticles and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (antiPD-L1-SPIOs@PLGA@Au). In vivo T2-weighted images, the best contrast effect of tumor was achieved two hours after intravenous injection of antiPD-L1-SPIOs@PLGA@Au. The tumor control caused by irradiation combined with antiPD-L1-SPIOs@PLGA@Au was better than that by radiotherapy alone in clone formation assay and B16F10 subcutaneous tumor model. Radiosensitivity enhancement induced by the addition of antiPD-L1-SPIOs@PLGA@Au was achieved by increasing ROS production and attenuating DNA damage repair. AntiPD-L1-SPIOs@PLGA@Au could promote the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to M1 and reverse the immunosuppression caused by TAMs. By increasing the expression of CRT in tumor and blocking the PD-L1/PD pathway, antiPD-L1-SPIOs@PLGA@Au with radiation activated the anti-tumor immune response. In conclusion, antiPD-L1-SPIOs@PLGA@Au could be used as a radiosensitizer and a MRI contrast targeting PD-L1, with the functions of blocking the PD-L1/PD-1 immune checkpoint pathway and reversing the immunosuppression caused by TAMs.
Detection of mandibular fractures on panoramic radiographs using deep learning
Authors: Vinayahalingam Shankeeth , van Nistelrooij Niels , van Ginneken Bram , Bressem Keno , Tröltzsch Daniel , Heiland Max , Flügge Tabea , Gaudin Robert
Published: November 2022

Mandibular fractures are among the most frequent facial traumas in oral and maxillofacial surgery, accounting for 57% of cases. An accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan are vital in achieving optimal re-establishment of occlusion, function and facial aesthetics. This study aims to detect mandibular fractures on panoramic radiographs (PR) automatically. 1624 PR with fractures were manually annotated and labelled as a reference. A deep learning approach based on Faster R-CNN and Swin-Transformer was trained and validated on 1640 PR with and without fractures. Subsequently, the trained algorithm was applied to a test set consisting of 149 PR with and 171 PR without fractures. The detection accuracy and the area-under-the-curve (AUC) were calculated. The proposed method achieved an F1 score of 0.947 and an AUC of 0.977. Deep learning-based assistance of clinicians may reduce the misdiagnosis and hence the severe complications.
A real-world pharmacovigilance study of FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) events for osimertinib
Authors: Yin Yanchao , Shu Yamin , Zhu Junru , Li Feie , Li Juan
Published: November 2022

Osimertinib was a third-generation, irreversible epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), which approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2015 for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Our study was to explore the adverse events (AEs) caused by osimertinib through data mining of the US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), and provide reference for clinical safety. Data of osimertinib were collected from the FAERS database covering the period from first quarter of 2016 to the fourth quarter of 2021. Disproportionality analyses was employed to quantify the associated AE signals of osimertinib and detect the risk signals from the data in the FAERS database. Reporting odds ratio (ROR) was used to detect the risk signals from the data in the FAERS database. The definition relied on system organ class (SOCs) and preferred terms (PTs) by the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA). Totally, 9,704,33 reports were collected from the FAERS database, 10,804 reports of osimertinib were identified as the ‘primary suspected (PS)’ AEs. Osimertinib induced AEs occurred in 27 organ systems. 68 significant disproportionality PTs satisfying with the four algorithms were retained at the same time. Unexpected significant AEs such as scrotal volvulus, hepatic function abnormal, venous thromboembolisms might also occur. The median onset time of osimertinib-associated AEs was 58 days (interquartile range [IQR] 14–212 days), and the majority of the AEs occurred within the first 30 days after osimertinib initiation. Our study found significant new AEs signals of osimertinib and might provide support for clinical monitoring and risk identification of osimertinib.
Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of the orphan crop tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) under long-term low calcium stress
Authors: Ligaba-Osena Ayalew , Salehin Mohammad , Numan Muhammad , Wang Xuegeng , Choi Sang-Chul , Jima Dereje , Bobay Louis-Marie , Guo Wanli
Published: November 2022

Calcium (Ca2+) is one of the essential mineral nutrients for plant growth and development. However, the effects of long-term Ca2+deficiency in orphan crops such as Tef [(Eragrostis tef) (Zucc.) Trotter], which accumulate high levels of Ca in the grains, remained unknown. Tef is a staple crop for nearly 70 million people in East Africa, particularly in Ethiopia and Eritrea. It is one of the most nutrient-dense grains, and is also more resistant to marginal soils and climatic conditions than main cereals like corn, wheat, and rice. In this study, tef plants were grown in a hydroponic solution containing optimum (1 mM) or low (0.01 mM) Ca2+, and plant growth parameters and whole-genome transcriptome were analyzed. Ca+2-deficient plants exhibited leaf necrosis, leaf curling, and growth stunting symptoms. Ca2+deficiency significantly decreased root and shoot Ca, potassium (K), and copper content in both root and shoots. At the same time, it greatly increased root iron (Fe) content, suggesting the role of Ca2+in the uptake and/or translocation of these minerals. Transcriptomic analysis using RNA-seq revealed that members of Ca2+channels, including the cyclic nucleotide-gated channels and glutamate receptor-like channels, Ca2+-transporters, Ca2+-binding proteins and Ca2+-dependent protein kinases were differentially regulated by Ca+2treatment. Moreover, several Fe/metal transporters, including members of vacuolar Fe transporters, yellow stripe-like, natural resistance-associated macrophage protein, and oligo-peptide transporters, were differentially regulated between shoot and root in response to Ca2+treatment. Taken together, our findings suggest that Ca2+deficiency affects plant growth and mineral accumulation by regulating the transcriptomes of several transporters and signaling genes.
Age- and cell cycle-related expression patterns of transcription factors and cell cycle regulators in Müller glia
Authors: Kato Maki , Sudou Norihiro , Nomura-Komoike Kaori , Iida Tomohiro , Fujieda Hiroki
Published: November 2022

Mammalian Müller glia express transcription factors and cell cycle regulators essential for the function of retinal progenitors, indicating the latent neurogenic capacity; however, the role of these regulators remains unclear. To gain insights into the role of these regulators in Müller glia, we analyzed expression of transcription factors (Pax6, Vsx2 and Nfia) and cell cycle regulators (cyclin D1 and D3) in rodent Müller glia, focusing on their age- and cell cycle-related expression patterns. Expression of Pax6, Vsx2, Nfia and cyclin D3, but not cyclin D1, increased in Müller glia during development. Photoreceptor injury induced cell cycle-associated increase of Vsx2 and cyclin D1, but not Pax6, Nfia, and cyclin D3. In dissociated cultures, cell cycle-associated increase of Pax6 and Vsx2 was observed in Müller glia from P10 mice but not from P21 mice. Nfia levels were highly correlated with EdU incorporation suggesting their activation during S phase progression. Cyclin D1 and D3 were transiently upregulated in G1 phase but downregulated after S phase entry. Our findings revealed previously unknown links between cell cycle progression and regulator protein expression, which likely affect the cell fate decision of proliferating Müller glia.
Noble gas isotopes reveal degassing-derived eruptions at Deception Island (Antarctica): implications for the current high levels of volcanic activity
Authors: Álvarez-Valero Antonio M. , Sumino Hirochika , Caracausi Antonio , Sánchez Antonio Polo , Burgess Ray , Geyer Adelina , Borrajo Javier , Rodríguez José A. Lozano , Albert Helena , Aulinas Meritxell , Núñez-Guerrero Elena
Published: November 2022

Deception Island is one of the most active volcanoes in Antarctica with more than twenty explosive eruptions in the past two centuries. Any future volcanic eruption(s) is a serious concern for scientists and tourists, will be detrimental to marine ecosystems and could have an impact to global oceanographic processes. Currently, it is not possible to carry-out low and high frequency volcanic gas monitoring at Deception Island because of the arduous climatic conditions and its remote location. Helium, neon and argon isotopes measured in olivine samples of the main eruptive events (pre-, syn- and post caldera) offer insights into the processes governing its volcanic history. Our results show that: (i) ascending primitive magmas outgassed volatiles with a MORB-like helium isotopic signature (3He/4He ratio); and (ii) variations in the He isotope ratio, as well as intensive degassing evidenced by fractionated 4He/40Ar* values, occurred before the beginning of the main eruptive episodes. Our results show how the pre-eruptive noble gas signals of volcanic activity is an important step toward a better understanding of the magmatic dynamics and has the potential to improve eruption forecasting.
Storing high temperature solar thermal energy in shallow depth artificial reservoir for space heating
Authors: Bu Xianbiao , Jiang Kunqing , Guo Zhipeng
Published: November 2022

The discontinuous and unstable characteristics of solar energy limit its application in the space heating field, while aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES), as a seasonal thermal energy storage pattern, is a feasible way of solving these problems faced by solar space heating and however, low temperature ATES must not exceed 25–30 °C while high temperature ATES has low recovery efficiency. Here a novel scheme of storing high temperature solar thermal energy into a shallow depth artificial reservoir (SDAR) is proposed. By innovatively storing thermal energy into rocks rather than aquifer, the recovery efficiency improves from 46% for ATES to 90% for SDAR, and the thermal power increases from 309 kW for deep borehole heat exchanger to 1970 kW for SDAR. SDAR has no special requirement to rock temperature and can thus be created in shallow buried depth rocks, leading not only to a reduction of engineering cost but also an expansion of application scope. To further avoid risk of induced seismicity caused by hydraulic fracturing and reduce cost, the abandoned oil and gas fields and mines can be reused as the artificial reservoir.
Lung CCR6−CXCR3− type 2 helper T cells as an indicator of progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases
Authors: Tsukuda Tsukie Kin , Ohnishi Hiroshi , Fujimoto Minoru , Nakatani Yu , Takamatsu Kazufumi , Naka Tetsuji , Yokoyama Akihito
Published: November 2022

Progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (PF-ILDs) have a poor prognosis and may be resistant to corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressants, but antifibrotic therapies such as nintedanib and pirfenidone have been shown to slow the deterioration of lung function. The aim of this study was to identify the characteristic cellular profile of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid at diagnostic bronchoscopy for predicting PF-ILDs, defined as fibrotic diseases on chest high-resolution computed tomography with more than a 5% relative decline in the percent predicted value of forced vital capacity (FVC) over 6 months. The proportions of inflammatory cells, CCR6−CXCR3− T helper type 2 (Th2) cells among conventional CD4+ T cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and peripheral blood, were measured by flowcytometry. The proportion of lymphocytes in BALF was significantly higher in non-PF-ILD patients than in PF-ILD patients. The proportion of Th2 cells in BALF, but not in peripheral blood, was significantly higher in PF-ILD patients than in non-PF-ILD patients. Multivariate analysis showed that a greater population of Th2 cells in BALF was the only indicator for PF-ILDs. An increased proportion of Th2 cells in BALF is associated with greater deterioration of lung function in fibrotic interstitial lung diseases.
Transfer efficiency and impact on disease phenotype of differing methods of gut microbiota transfer
Authors: Zhang Chunye , Shi Yushu , Burch Matthew , Olthoff Benjamin , Ericsson Aaron C. , Franklin Craig L.
Published: November 2022

To test causal relationships between complex gut microbiota (GM) and host outcomes, researchers frequently transfer GM between donor and recipient mice via embryo transfer (ET) rederivation, cross-fostering (CF), and co-housing. In this study, we assess the influence of the transfer method and the differences in baseline donor and recipient microbiota richness, on transfer efficiency. Additionally, recipient mice were subjected to DSS-induced chronic colitis to determine whether disease severity was affected by GM transfer efficiency or features within the GM. We found that the recipient’s genetic background, the baseline richness of donor and recipient GM, and the transfer method all influenced the GM transfer efficiency. Recipient genetic background and GM both had significant effects on DSS colitis severity and, unexpectedly, the transfer method was strongly associated with differential disease severity regardless of the other factors.
Source discrimination of mine water based on the random forest method
Authors: Yang Zhenwei , Lv Hang , Xu Zhaofeng , Wang Xinyi
Published: November 2022

Machine learning is one of the widely used techniques to pattern recognition. Use of the machine learning tools is becoming a more accessible approach for predictive model development in preventing engineering disaster. The objective of the research is to for estimation of water source using the machine learning tools. Random forest classification is a popular machine learning method for developing prediction models in many research settings. The type of mine water in the Pingdingshan coalfield is classified into surface water, Quaternary pore water, Carboniferous limestone karst water, Permian sandstone water, and Cambrian limestone karst water. Each type of water is encoded with the number 0–4. On the basis of hydrochemical data processing, a random forests model is designed and trained with the hydrochemical data. With respect to the predictive accuracy and robustness, fourfold cross-validation (CV) is adopted for the model training. The results show that the random forests model presented here provides significant guidance for the discrimination of mine water.
Structural analysis of Plasmodium falciparum ookinete surface antigen Pfs28 relevant for malaria vaccine design
Authors: Shukla Niharika , Tang Wai Kwan , Tolia Niraj H.
Published: November 2022

Pfs28 is a Plasmodium falciparum malaria transmission-blocking vaccine candidate that is anchored to the parasite surface through a C-terminal glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) moiety, and plays a role in parasite survival in the mosquito midgut. Pfs28 contains epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains and is part of a family of sexual stage malaria proteins that includes the related vaccine antigen Pfs25. The lack of structural definition of Pfs28 and the immune response to this candidate has limited further malaria vaccine development for this antigen. Here, we present the crystal structure of Pfs28, examine its conservation with P. vivax Pvs28, and evaluate the cross-reactivity of Pfs28 to antibodies that recognize Pfs25. Pfs28 is comprised of four EGF-like domains stabilized by ten disulfide bridges with an overall architecture that highly resembles Pfs25. Despite the high sequence and structural similarity between these antigens, no cross reactivity of Pfs28 to anti-Pfs25 monoclonal antibodies could be demonstrated.
A new approach for microstructure imaging
Authors: Plancoulaine Benoît , Rasmusson Allan , Labbé Christophe , Levenson Richard , Laurinavicius Arvydas
Published: November 2022

A recurring issue with microstructure studies is specimen lighting. In particular, microscope lighting must be deployed in such a way as to highlight biological elements without enhancing caustic effects and diffraction. We describe here a high frequency technique due to address this lighting issue. First, an extensive study is undertaken concerning asymptotic equations in order to identify the most promising algorithm for 3D microstructure analysis. Ultimately, models based on virtual light rays are discarded in favor of a model that considers the joint computation of phase and irradiance. This paper maintains the essential goal of the study concerning biological microstructures but offers several supplementary notes on computational details which provide perspectives on analyses of the arrangements of numerous objects in biological tissues.
Adaptive heading correction for an industrial heavy-duty omnidirectional robot
Authors: Galati Rocco , Mantriota Giacomo , Reina Giulio
Published: November 2022

The paper deals with the design and testing of a robot for industrial applications featuring omnidirectionality thanks to the use of mecanum wheels. While this architecture provides remarkable manoeuvrability in narrow or cluttered spaces, it has some drawbacks that limit its widespread deployment in practice, especially for heavy-duty and long-duration tasks. As an example, the variability in the mecanum wheel rolling radius leads to undesired dynamic ill-effects, such as slippage and vibrations that affect the accuracy of pose estimation and tracking control systems. Drawing on the modeling of the kinematic and dynamic behaviour of the robot, these effects have been tackled within an adaptive estimation framework that adjusts the robot control system based on the properties of the surface being traversed. The proposed approach has been validated in experimental tests using a physical prototype operating in real industrial settings.
Fluorescent probes based on the core–shell structure of molecular imprinted materials and gold nanoparticles for highly selective glutathione detection
Authors: Wu Guoli , Zhao Yongdan , Li Xiaofang , Lu Xiaolin , Qu Tingli
Published: November 2022

Glutathione fluorescent probes based on core–shell structures containing fluorescent dyes, molecularly imprinted materials, and gold nanoparticles are suitable for glutathione sensing in complex materials (such as serum).
Determination of hydroquinone and benzoquinone in pharmaceutical formulations: critical considerations on quantitative analysis of easily oxidized compounds
Authors: Brito de Oliveira Moreira Olívia , Vinícius de Faria Lucas , Matos Renato Camargo , Enes Karine Braga , Costa Couri Mara Rúbia , de Oliveira Marcone Augusto Leal
Published: November 2022

Comprehensive analysis of hydroquinone and benzoquinone behaviour as an investigative assay for designing an alternative quantitative protocol for pharmaceutical formulations.
Spatial characterization of redox processes and speciation of Ru(iii) anticancer complexes by 19F magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: MacNeil Gregory A. , Chang Stephanie W. , Prosser Kathleen E. , Ye Eric , Heroux Devon , Lewis Andrew R. , Bally Marcel , Walsby Charles J.
Published: November 2022

Fluorine labelling of a Ru(iii) chemotherapeutic candidate enables studies of reactivity in tissues by 19F nuclear magnetic resonance imaging methods.
Riboflavin-catalyzed templated reaction to translate nucleic acid cues into signals of rhodamine derivatives
Authors: Kim Hokyung , Choi Hayeon , Min Kyeong Su , Han Woo Joo , Park Jae Woo , Kim Ki Tae
Published: November 2022

A nucleic acid-templated reaction for the facile translation of nucleic acid cues into signals of universal rhodamine derivatives was designed based on the riboflavin-catalyzed oxidation of dihydrorhodamine derivatives.
Does boron or nitrogen substitution affect hydrogen physisorption on open carbon surfaces?
Authors: Rowsey Rylan , Taylor Erin E. , Hinson Ryan W. , Compton Dalton , Stadie Nicholas P. , Szilagyi Robert K.
Published: November 2022

Despite the expected influence of heteroatom substitution in carbon materials, no technologically significant effect was identified for H2 physisorption energies.
Zr-doped BaTaO2N photocatalyst modified with Na–Pt cocatalyst for efficient hydrogen evolution and Z-scheme water splitting
Authors: Li Huihui , Vequizo Junie Jhon M. , Hisatomi Takashi , Nakabayashi Mamiko , Xiao Jiadong , Tao Xiaoping , Pan Zhenhua , Li Wenpeng , Chen Shanshan , Wang Zheng , Shibata Naoya , Yamakata Akira , Takata Tsuyoshi , Domen Kazunari
Published: November 2022

Detailed investigation of photocatalysts, cocatalysts and redox mediators provides a Z-scheme overall water splitting system operating under long-wavelength visible light.
Amelioration effect of water extract from Ganoderma resinaceum FQ23 solid-state fermentation fungal substance with high-yield ergothioneine on anxiety-like insomnia mice
Authors: Huang Jia-hua , Li Yong , Zhang Shan , Zou Yuan , Zheng Qian-wang , Lin Jun-fang , Guo Li-qiong
Published: November 2022

The water extract of the fungal substance from Ganoderma resinaceum FQ23 solid-state fermentation with high-yield EGT (GSW) could ameliorate anxiety-like insomnia in mice by improving the antioxidant, neuroprotection and neuroendocrine regulation.
Designable microfluidic ladder networks from backstepping microflow analysis for mass production of monodisperse microdroplets
Authors: Deng Chuan-Fu , Su Yao-Yao , Yang Shi-Hao , Jiang Qing-Rong , Xie Rui , Ju Xiao-Jie , Liu Zhuang , Pan Da-Wei , Wang Wei , Chu Liang-Yin
Published: November 2022

A rational design rule for creating microfluidic ladder networks is proposed from backstepping analysis. The designed networks with 200 branch microchannels allow uniform flow distribution for mass-producing monodisperse droplets and microparticles.
Inverse size-dependent Stokes shift in strongly quantum confined CsPbBr3 perovskite nanoplates
Authors: Vurgaft Amit , Strassberg Rotem , Shechter Reut , Lifer Rachel , Dahl Jakob C. , Chan Emory M. , Bekenstein Yehonadav
Published: November 2022

We observe that different growth conditions and resulting morphologies of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals yield opposite stokes shift size-dependent trends. This emphasizes the different photo-physics for quantum-confined nanoplate and nanocube morphologies.
Improved rate performance of nanoscale cross-linked polyacrylonitrile-surface-modified LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 lithium-ion cathode material with ion and electron transmission channels
Authors: Liang Di , Wei Jian , Ji Yuxuan , Chen Bing , Li Xueting , Li Xifei
Published: November 2022

The uniform and continuous nano cross-linked polyacrylonitrile coating was prepared to help avoid direct contact between LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 and the electrolyte, enhancing its interfacial stability.
Persulfate-promoted synthesis of biphenyl compounds in water from biomass-derived triacetic acid lactone
Authors: Duarte Ortin Gilberto G. , Salles Airton G.
Published: November 2022

A metal-free, persulfate-promoted route in water employing biomass-derived triacetic acid lactone (TAL) and phenylacetylenes to access substituted biphenyl compounds is reported.
Glutathione-triggered biodegradable poly(disulfide)s: ring-opening copolymerization and potent antibacterial activity
Authors: Guo Jia , Zhang Siqi , Tao Yaqi , Fan Baoer , Tang Wen
Published: November 2022

To combat multidrug-resistant bacteria, GSH-responsive cationic amphiphilic poly(disulfide)s as mimics of host defense peptides have been designed and they demonstrated potent antibacterial activity and responsive degradation.
Calix[4]crowns with perfluoroalkylsulfonylcarboxamide functions: a complexation approach for heavy group 2 metal ions
Authors: Reissig Falco , Bauer David , Al-Ameed Karrar , Luber Sandra , Köckerling Martin , Steinbach Jörg , Pietzsch Hans-Jürgen , Mamat Constantin
Published: November 2022

A facile preparation of deprotonizable calix[4]crowns with enhanced properties to stably coordinate Ba2+ and Ra2+ inclusive radiolabeling is described. Binding properties of these ions were investigated by DFT calculations to support the findings.
Palladium-catalyzed intramolecular C–H amination using aluminum nitrate as the oxidant
Authors: Jia Kai , Xue Yuan , Tu Daoquan , Luo Jun , Jiang Chao
Published: November 2022

A palladium catalyzed intramolecular C(sp2)–H amination promoted by in situ nitration of the directing group using a readily available aluminum nitrate as the oxidant is reported.
The interfacial structure of InP(100) in contact with HCl and H2SO4 studied by reflection anisotropy spectroscopy
Authors: Löw Mario , Guidat Margot , Kim Jongmin , May Matthias M.
Published: November 2022

Electrochemical reflection anisotropy spectroscopy reveals the reversible re-structuring of InP surfaces in contact with low-concentration electrolytes upon applied potentials, while higher concentrations induce non-reversibility.
Corrosion behavior of 316 stainless steel arc parts in liquid lead at 650 °C under high oxygen concentrations
Authors: Wang Ruizhong , Qiu Xi , Gao Shixin , Liu Weihua , Li Wenjie , Li Yuanming , Tang Zhongfeng
Published: November 2022

The corrosion of 316SS in contact with lead complicates the realization of high coolant temperatures.
The effects of copper doping on morphology and room-temperature photoluminescence of ZnO nanocolumns
Authors: Blount Parker , Marder Lauren , Oyegoke Jamal , Trad Tarek
Published: November 2022

In this study, a versatile vapor phase transport method for the synthesis and copper-doping of ZnO nanocolumns is demonstrated.
Optical chemosensors for environmental monitoring of toxic metals related to Alzheimer's disease
Authors: El-Sewify Islam M. , Radwan Ahmed , Elghazawy Nehal H. , Fritzsche Wolfgang , Azzazy Hassan M. E.
Published: November 2022

This review briefly summarizes evidence that links toxic metals to onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease. It discusses the structure and fabrication of optical chemosensors, and their use for monitoring toxic metals in water.
Effect of temperature on structural, dynamical, and electronic properties of Sc2Te3 from first-principles calculations
Authors: Zewdie Getasew Mulualem , Debela Tekalign Terfa , Asres Georgies Alene
Published: November 2022

We employed AIMD simulations to investigate the effect of temperature on the electronic structure and dynamical properties of Sc2Te3 material, which also manifests as a metal-to-semiconductor transition upon heating.
Selective sensing of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) by a calix[6]triazolium-based colorimetric sensing ensemble
Authors: Cho Jihee , Kim Sanghee
Published: November 2022

A calix[6]triazolium-based colorimetric sensing ensemble has been developed that exhibits a distinct color change in the presence of AMP.
Citrus limetta fruit waste management by liquefaction using hydrogen-donor solvent
Authors: Acharya Sneha , Kishore Nanda
Published: November 2022

Liquefaction of Citrus limetta fruit waste biomass for efficient waste management. Higher yield of biocrude obtained compared to relevant works on citrus fruit wastes.
Highly porous gold supraparticles as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates for sensitive detection of environmental contaminants
Authors: Kang Seju , Wang Wei , Rahman Asifur , Nam Wonil , Zhou Wei , Vikesland Peter J.
Published: November 2022

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has great potential as an analytical technique for environmental analyses.
A label-free aptasensor for clenbuterol detection based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer between graphene oxide and rhodamine B
Authors: Xiao Shuyan , Sun Liang , Kang Mingqin , Dong Zhongping
Published: November 2022

A label-free aptasensor for clenbuterol was developed through the fluorescence resonance energy transfer mechanism by using an aptamer as the recognition element, rhodamine B as the fluorescence probe and graphene oxide as the fluorescence quencher.
Speciation of chromium aqua and chloro complexes in hydrochloric acid solutions at 298 K
Authors: Uchikoshi Masahito , Akiyama Daisuke , Kimijima Ken'ichi , Shinoda Kozo
Published: November 2022

The dissolution and speciation mechanism of the chromium aqua and chloro complex in hydrochloric acid solutions.
Native mass spectrometric studies of IscSU reveal a concerted, sulfur-initiated mechanism of iron–sulfur cluster assembly
Authors: Bennett Sophie P. , Crack Jason C. , Puglisi Rita , Pastore Annalisa , Le Brun Nick E.
Published: November 2022

Time-resolved native mass spectrometry was used to investigate iron–sulfur cluster assembly on IscU. Data revealed a concerted assembly process in which sulfur (S0) transfer must occur first if IscU is in its Zn2+-bound form.
Cutting-edge molecular modelling to unveil new microscopic insights into the guest-controlled flexibility of metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Zhao Hengli , Pelgrin-Morvan Camille , Maurin Guillaume , Ghoufi Aziz
Published: November 2022

Osmotic Molecular Dynamics simulation is developed to consider simultaneously the fluid adsorption and material flexibility to gain molecular insights into the flexibility of MOFs such as DUT-49(Cu) which shows a negative gas adsorption behaviour upon exposure to CH4.
Construction of transient supramolecular polymers controlled by mass transfer in biphasic systems
Authors: Zhang Shilin , Zhang Yulian , Wu Huiting , Li Zhihao , Shi Peichen , Qu Hang , Sun Yibin , Wang Xinchang , Cao Xiaoyu , Yang Liulin , Tian Zhongqun
Published: November 2022

A generic strategy is proposed to construct transient assembly systems by separating multi-components in different phases. The evolution process could be easily regulated by controlling the mass transfer of components in between phases.
Synergistic effect of p-type and n-type dopants in semiconductors for efficient electrocatalytic water splitting
Authors: Kutlusoy Tugce , Divanis Spyridon , Pittkowski Rebecca , Marina Riccardo , Frandsen Adrian M. , Minhova-Macounova Katerina , Nebel Roman , Zhao Dongni , Mertens Stijn F. L. , Hoster Harry , Krtil Petr , Rossmeisl Jan
Published: November 2022

Co-substituting a stable material,e.g.TiO2, with both n- and p-type dopants, allows tuning its reactivity to activate the material for oxygen evolution. This opens up a new design avenue for acid water electrolysis electrocatalysts.
Fe hotspots in the Ni–Ni3B nanocatalyst unravel remarkable cooperativity to boost hydrogen production from ammonia borane with enzyme-like catalysis
Authors: Borah Rajani Kumar , Fatrekar Adarsh P. , Bakre Pratibha , Tilve Santosh G. , Vernekar Amit A.
Published: November 2022

Fractional Fe incorporation in Ni–Ni3B furnishes a nanocatalyst that cooperatively enhances hydrogen production from ammonia borane following enzyme-like kinetics.
A study on the catalytic activity of polypeptides toward the hydrolysis of glucoside compounds gastrodin, polydatin and esculin
Authors: Hou Juan , Lei Xiangmin , Liu Borui , Wang Zejiang , Fang Guozhen , Liu Jifeng , Wang Shuo
Published: November 2022

A series of catalytically active self-assembled polypeptide materials for the hydrolysis of glucoside compounds (e.g., gastrodin, polydatin and esculin) were investigated.
Manipulating trap distribution and density by chemical unit cosubstitution for near-infrared persistent luminescent Zn1−2xLixGa2+xO4:Cr3+ solid solutions
Authors: Lyu Shaoxing , Zhou Pengshang , Du Jiaren , Wang Xiaomeng , Wang Tengyue , Wang Panqin , Wang Henggang , Sun Shan , Lin Hengwei
Published: November 2022

The feasibility of chemical unit co-substitution in developing new NIR persistent phosphors is demonstrated, which can motivate further exploration of luminescent materials with novel properties.
Deep-red and near-infrared light-emitting electrochemical cells employing perovskite color conversion layers with EQE >10%
Authors: Su Yi-Hua , Ji Yan-Cheng , Huang Yu-Ting , Luo Dian , Liu Shun-Wei , Yang Zu-Po , Lu Chin-Wei , Chang Chih-Hao , Su Hai-Ching
Published: November 2022

Efficient deep-red and near-infrared light-emitting electrochemical cells utilizing energy down-conversion from electroluminescence of a blue ionic transition metal complex to photoluminescence of perovskite color conversion layers has been achieved.
Bolus Clearance Ratio Elevated in Patients With Neurogenic Dysphagia Compared With Healthy Adults: A Measure of Pharyngeal Efficiency
Authors: Leonard Rebecca , Miles Anna , Allen Jacqui
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

Postswallow pharyngeal residue is a risk factor for aspiration, implies swallowing inefficiency, and increases the work of eating. The Bolus Clearance Ratio (BCR) is a derived metric that relates quantities of bolus material observed in the pharynx at two different points: before and after a swallow. The ratio provides a percentage estimate of bolus clearance. In healthy adults, mean BCR is < .05; that is, less than 5% of an ingested bolus is retained in the pharynx. The aim of this study was to compare BCR measures from patients referred for videofluoroscopic swallow studies with concerns related to stroke (
n
= 100) or other neurological conditions (
n
= 131, including Parkinson's disease and dementia) with BCRs for 139 healthy adults across the age range.

Method:

BCR for a 20 ml of thin liquid barium bolus was measured. Additional metrics included age, penetration–aspiration scale (PAS) score, and quantitative measures of timing and displacement. Correlations were explored between BCR and pharyngeal constriction ratio (PCR), pharyngoesophageal segment opening (PESmax), maximum hyoid displacement (HMax), and total pharyngeal transit time (TPT).

Results:

BCR values for patients with stroke (
Mdn
= 9%, interquartile range [IQR]: 19%, range: 0%–73%) and other neurological conditions (
Mdn
= 9%, IQR: 16%, range: 0%–96%) were significantly higher than in healthy norms (
Mdn
= 2%, IQR: 4%, range: 0%–16%,
p
< .001). BCR was significantly correlated with age (
R
s
= .23,
p
< .01), TPT (
R
s
= .20,
p
< .01), PCR (
R
s
= .55,
p
< .01), PESmax (
R
s
= −.17,
p
< .01), HMax (
R
s
= −.16,
p
< .01), and PAS (
R
s
= .38,
p
< .01).

Conclusions:

BCR was elevated in patients with neurogenic dysphagia in comparison with healthy norms and was significantly associated with increased aspiration severity (i.e., PAS). BCR was also correlated with pharyngeal timing and displacement parameters, with the strongest correlation with pharyngeal constriction—a measure of pharyngeal strength. The BCR offers clinicians a simple, quantitative measure of bolus residue and, therefore, pharyngeal efficiency and may be used to assess change in patients over time and with treatment.
The correlation between biotribological function and structural characteristics of bamboo rat teeth
Authors: Ning Zhenwu , Zhou Zhongrong , Zheng Jing
Published: November 2022

Chinese bamboo rats consume a diet that consists mainly mechanically demanding bamboo. The ability of the rats to process food depends on the capacity of their teeth to resist wear during biting and chewing. The mechanisms of the bamboo rat teeth were determined by investigating and correlating the structure and tribological properties of the teeth. The rat's incisor has a cutting‐edge cusp and outer enamel iron pigmentation, making the teeth harder, more resistant to acid attacks, and improving the resistance to cracking. Additionally, the incisor is designed to self‐sharpen. The complex morphology at the macroscale, and the three‐dimensional fabric body formed by densely packed rods and inter‐rods at the microscale of molar enamel benefit molar rapid capture and effective breaking of bamboo, resisting the high stresses required to process bamboo without wear. The results of the structure–function relations of bamboo rat teeth in this study may provide new ideas for improving plant cutting and grinding tools.
Design and cryptanalysis of a new iterative structure
Authors: Liu Jiajie , Sun Bing , Li Chao
Published: November 2022

This study proposes a new iterative structure called the L‐Feistel structure, which shares similar procedures between encryption and decryption and could unify the Feistel structure and the Lai‐Massey structure. This paper evaluates the security of the L‐Feistel structure from the perspective of provable security and classical analysis, respectively. Firstly, it is proved that the 4‐round Key‐Alternating L‐Feistel cipher with independent round keys and independent round functions is secure against 2n/2 queries that is, birthday‐bound security. Then by presenting the dual structure of the L‐Feistel structure with SP‐type round functions, it is proven that a differential of the L‐Feistel structure is impossible when and only when it is a zero‐correlation linear hull of its dual structure. Finally, the paper constructs impossible differentials, zero‐correlation linear hulls and integral distinguishers of the L‐Feistel structure with SP‐type round functions which cover six and seven rounds, respectively, under different conditions.
Silicon integrated frequency‐tunable microwave photonic bandpass filter
Authors: Yao Yuhan , Zhao Yuhe , Dong Jianji , Zhang Xinliang
Published: November 2022

Microwave photonic filters have been regarded as an alternative to traditional radio‐frequency filters because of their wide bandwidth and large tunability. Integrated microwave photonic filters can integrate all necessary components into a single chip and are highly demanded for future radio‐frequency applications. Here, a highly integrated frequency‐tunable microwave photonic bandpass filter based on a silicon platform is proposed and demonstrated. The integrated filter consists of a phase modulator, four cascaded microring resonators and a photodetector. The frequency‐tunable range of the integrated filter is from 6.1 to 35.9 GHz, and the reconfigurable bandwidth is from 0.22 to 0.54 GHz. A large spurious free dynamic range of 102.1 dB Hz2/3 is obtained. This highly integrated approach holds great promise for miniaturised, flexible, and high‐performance microwave signal processing in modern radar and communication systems.
Template‐based generation of programming language specific code for smart grid modelling compliant with CIM and CGMES
Authors: Dinkelbach Jan , Razik Lukas , Mirz Markus , Benigni Andrea , Monti Antonello
Published: November 2022

The transition to Smart Grids increases the complexity of power grids by involving many more interdependent actors and integrating additional information and communications technology. To provide a common basis for Smart Grid data representation and exchange, the standardized Common Information Model (CIM) has been introduced and extended, i. a., by the Common Grid Model Exchange Specification (CGMES). An increasing acceptance by power grid operators and other actors has made CIM and CGMES more and more relevant. However, the implementation of CIM / CGMES support in software projects appears to be challenging due to the complexity of CIM / CGMES and the ongoing standardisation process with iterative adaptations. Thus, the main contribution of this paper is the presentation of a methodology for an automated generation of programming language specific code from CIM / CGMES specifications. The approach is based on the use of a template language and enables to keep software projects fully compliant with CIM / CGMES specifications. The paper outlines the process of code generation and the consecutive codebase integration for a JavaScript based CIM / CGMES web editor and for two CIM / CGMES de‐/serialiser libraries in C++ and Python. The approach is evaluated in use cases involving the visualisation and simulation of a benchmark grid.