bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Variation in Dietary Cation-Anion Difference on Calcium Status, Blood Metabolites and Rumen Activity during the Transition Period of Holstein Dairy Cows
Authors: Hassanien HEM , Abdel-Raouf EM , Mahmoud AMM , Greene LW
Published: October 2023

A negative dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) induces a compensated metabolic acidosis, stimulating calcium (Ca) absorption and mobilization before calving, thereby decreasing clinical and subclinical hypocalcemia postpartum. The study was designed to determine the effects of varying pre- and postpartum DCAD diets on serum total calcium, ionized calcium, blood and ruminal fluid metabolites, and milk production in prepartum and postpartum Holstein cows. Fifty-four multiparous dry Holstein cows n= 54, were enrolled in a completely randomized block experimental design at 29 days prior to expected parturition through 86 days in milk. A 3 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was utilized. Three DCAD levels were fed precalving (0, -120 and -200 mEq/kg DM), n=18 cows per treatment and two DCAD levels were fed post calving (+200 and +400 mEq/kg DM), n=27 cows per treatment.  Prepartum urine pH was lower for cows fed -200 DCAD compared with those fed -120 or 0 DCAD. Postpartum urine pH was higher for cows fed +400 mEq/kg compared to cows fed +200 mEq/kg DCAD. Prepartum serum total calcium, ionized calcium, and hydroxyproline was highest for cows fed -200 DCAD compared to those fed -120 and 0 DCAD. Parathyroid hormone was highest for cows fed 0 DCAD compared to those fed -120 and -200 DCAD.  Prepartum dry matter intake (DMI) was lower for -200 and -120 DCAD compared with 0 DCAD. Postpartum DMI was not different among treatments.  Pre- and postpartum DCAD treatments did not affect total milk yield or milk fat, percentage of milk protein not affected by different pre-and postpartum DCAD levels. Prepartum anionic diets lowered urine pH and parathyroid hormone and raised serum hydroxyproline, resulting in improved Ca availability after parturition. Postpartum blood metabolites were unaffected in cows given positive DCAD (+200 and +400 mEq/kg DM). Calves born to cows fed low DCAD had no change in calf bieth weight. Colostrum amount and IgG concentrations were unaffected by treatments. No effects of pre-or postpartum DCAD treatments were observed for milk yield and fat-corrected milk. Feeding prepartum an acidogenic diet improved postpartum Ca status in multiparous Holstein cows.
Investigation of genetic relatedness, antimicrobial resistance, biofilm formation, biofilm-related virulence genes and integron-related genes of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates obtained from bovine milk samples with mastitis
Authors: Ocak F , Turkyilmaz S
Published: October 2023

Treatment of infections caused by opportunistic pathogenic Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is complicated by the bacterium's ability to produce biofilms and high antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of genetic relatedness, antimicrobial resistance, biofilm formation, biofilm genes associated with virulence and integron genes among isolates of S. maltophilia recovered from bovine milk with subclinical mastitis. In this study, bacterial identification was performed using conventional methods. While using the smeT gene-based Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to confirm the species-level identification of isolates; PCR was also used to detect virulence and integron genes, too. The quantitative Microplate Test (MP) method was used to determine the phenotypic biofilm production capacity of the isolates. The resistance patterns of the isolates against 9 antibiotics belonging to 9 antimicrobial families were examined using the disk diffusion method. Isolates resistant to at least three drug classes from various antimicrobial drug classes were defined as multi-drug resistant (MDR). The genetic linkage of S. maltophilia isolates was investigated by Enterobacterial Repetitive Intragenic Consensus (ERIC) PCR. The Chi-Square (χ2) test was used to compare the relationship between the biofilm-forming capacity of the isolates with the prevalence of biofilm-associated virulence genes and integron genes with MDR. In the study, a total of 312 milk samples with subclinical mastitis were taken from 27 farms. Ten isolates from five farms were phenotypically and genotypically identified as S. maltophilia. All isolates were resistant to cefepime and imipenem. While 70% of the isolates were MDR; 80% carried one of the integron genes. By the MP test, the phenotypically biofilm-forming capacity identified in isolates was detected at 80%. The prevalence of the studied virulence genes was rpfF 60%, rmlA 70%, spgM and smf1 80%. There was no significant relationship between the biofilm-forming capacity of the isolates with the prevalence of biofilm-associated virulence genes and MDR with integron genes. S. maltophilia isolates were detected simply and quickly, using PCR based on the smeT gene, from bovine milk samples for the first time in Turkey. In the UPGMA analysis performed in the PyElph 1.4 program, a total of 5 genotypes were found, 2 single and 3 multiple according to 18% similarity coefficient. ERIC-PCR can be useful in identifying S. maltophilia isolates with epidemic potential.
The effects of black cumin (Nigella sativa l..) seed on carcass characteristics, kidney oxidant antioxidant levels and ileum histomorphology in Japanese quails
Authors: Kazak F , Cimrin T , Alasahan S , Kisacam MA , Kutlu T
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the effects of supplementation of different doses of black cumin seeds (NS) to quail feeds on carcass characteristics, kidney oxidant antioxidant levels, and ileum histomorphology. A total of 432 mixed-sex three days old Japanese quails were randomly divided into four groups. The groups were fed on either a basal diet alone (Control Group) or a basal diet supplemented with NS at rates of 0.5% (NS-0.5 Group), 1% (NS-1 Group), and 2% (NS-2 Group). It was determined that the back+neck weight in the NS-2 group and head weight and ratio in the NS-1 and NS-2 groups decreased. The thigh rate increased in the NS-0.5 group compared to the control and other NS groups. Kidney glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and male quails' catalase values were increased in NS groups compared to the control group. The kidney vitamin C increased only in the NS-2 group compared to the control. In the NS-2 group, the villus height decreased both on a group basis and in female quails, while the villus width decreased only in female quails. Consequently, it was determined that dietary supplementation of NS at rates of 0.5% increased the thigh rate, dietary supplementation at three different doses of NS were effective in maintaining the kidney oxidant-antioxidant balance, and the ileum histomorphology did not change except for dietary supplementation of NS at rates of 2%. Therefore, it can be stated that black cumin seeds can be used as a natural antioxidant source in the quail diet.
Effect of dietary supplementation of seaweeds on growth and blood profiles of TANUVAS Aseel chicken
Authors: Vijayalingam TA , Rajesh NV , Vairamuthu S , Boopathy Raja M , Sudeep Kumar NK
Published: October 2023

The present study was conducted to evaluate the dietary effects of two seaweeds (Sargassum wightii and Gracilaria corticata) on different physiological parameters of TANUVAS Aseel chicken. A total of 30 TANUVAS Aseel chicks, day old were allocated into three groups (Each with 10 chicks) viz., one control group (C1) and two treatment groups (T1 and T2). The control group (C1) were fed with commercial grower feed alone and the treatment group (T1) had control diet with 5% Sargassum wightii and the treatment group (T2) had control diet mixed with 5% Gracilaria corticata. Parameters were recorded for a continuous period of 16 weeks in 4 weeks interval. The growth performance was found to be non-significant (P ≥ 0.05) during 0 day of feed trials and highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) during 4th, 8th, 12th and 16th week of feed trails. Haematological parameters during 12th and 16th week of feed trials showed non-significant (P ≥ 0.05) difference exist in lymphocyte, monocyte and eosinophil count and a highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) difference exist in platelets count between the control (C1) and treatment groups (T1 and T2). Serum biochemical parameters during 12th and 16th week of feed trials showed non-significant (P ≥ 0.05) difference in Uric acid, creatinine, ALT, calcium and cholesterol level and a highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) difference in Total protein, albumin, AST, glucose, triglycerides, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium and chloride level between the control (C1) and treatment groups (T1 and T2). However non-significant (P ≥ 0.05) difference exists in globulin and sodium content only during 16th week of feed trials. It could be noted that 5% inclusion of red seaweed, Gracilaria corticata in commercial grower feed as a feed supplement to TANUVAS Aseel chicks had a better body weight gain than 5% inclusion level of brown seaweed, Sargassum wightii in commercial grower feed. Based on the haematological and serum biochemical analysis, the supplementation of 5% inclusion level of seaweeds in this trial did not pose any threat to the physiological well-being of TANUVAS Aseel chicken.
First report of vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolated from water buffalo clotted cream in Turkey
Authors: Seker E , Dogan YN
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to isolate the Enterococcus species from homemade water buffalo clotted cream sold in Afyonkarahisar, investigate the vancomycin resistance genes in isolated strains by PCR and determine the antibiotic resistance of strains to some antibiotics commonly used in Turkey. A total of 107 buffalo clotted cream samples sold in public bazaars of Afyonkarahisar were collected. Following the phenotypic identification using a commercial identification kit, PCR was applied to strains using by species specific primers. Forty Enterococcus strains were obtained from 107 samples by PCR. Of 40 strains, 31 (77.5%) and 9 (22.5%) were identified to be E. faecalis and E. faecium, respectively. One vanA (2.5%) and 14 vanB (35%) genes were determined in tested 40 strains. While of strains having the vanB gen, 10 and four were found to be E. faecalis and E. faecium, respectively, one E. faecium strain also harboured the vanA gen. Thus, while the vanB gen positivity was found to be 32.3% in 31 E. faecalis strains and 44.4% in 9 E. faecium strains, the vanA gen positivity was determined to be 11.1% in 9 E. faecium strains. It was not found the vanC1 and vanC2/C3 genes in none of the strains. While all of strains were phenotypically resistant to streptomycin and fusidic acid, high resistance rates were also determined in the strains to kanamycin (87.5%), cephalothin (80%), erythromycin (80%), gentamicin (77.5%), tetracycline (75%) and vancomycin (60%). Resistance to all tested antibiotics except teicoplanin was determined in E. faecalis strains and except chloramphenicol in E. faecium strains harbouring the vancomycin resistance genes. In conclusion, it was thought the buffalo clotted creams offered for consumption in Afyonkarahisar may have potential risk for public health in terms of VRE species. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing the presence of VRE in the clotted cream samples by PCR in Turkey.
Management of Linguatula serrata infestation in a dog from Greece: a case report
Authors: Lefkaditis M , Zapantes I , Giannouli A
Published: October 2023

Linguatuliasis is caused by the Arthropod parasite Linguatula serrata (family: Linguatulidae) a parasite with worldwide distribution and zoonotic importance, especially in warm subtropical and temperate regions. Dogs, cats, foxes, jackals, and other carnivores are the final hosts of this Arthropod while any mammal could be a potential intermediate host of this parasite. Adults L. serrata live in the nasopharyngeal region and lower respiratory system, embed their body into the mucosa of nasal pharyngeal cavities.  A two year old spayed female dog of undetermined breed, weighting 29 kg that lives in a mountain village called Sella (Prefecture of Achaia, Greece) in a semi-free form, was presented in a veterinary clinic of Patra with history of progressive cough and sneezing, which started about 2 weeks earlier. Along with the dog, the owner brought a parasite that was expelled from the dog’s nose during the intense cough and sneezing the same day. Macroscopic morphological aspects of the parasite, in the laboratory under stereoscope, revealed an arthropod 3,8cm in length identified as L. serrata, also commonly called tongue worm. The dog was treated with Macrocyclice lactone and lavage of nasal cavities. Humans can become infected in two ways: either as an intermediate host (visceral linguatuliasis) or as an accidental final host (nasopharyngeal linguatuliasis), usually as a result of consumption of raw or poorly cooked meat of an infected intermediate host.
The effects of ad - libitum consumption of chitosan oligosaccharide with drinking water on laying quails
Authors: Kiraz C , Buğdayci KE
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of chitosan oligosaccharide on feed conversion ratio, some egg quality parameters, and some blood parameters in Japanise quails.  Chitosan oligosaccharide (ChitO) was added to the drinking water of quails. A total of 192 (7 – 8 weeks old) Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) were divided into one control and 3 treatment groups, each consisting of 48 quails. Each group was divided into 6 replicates. While no additive was added to the control group, ChitO was added to the drinking water of the first, second, and third groups at the levels of 0.015, 0.030 and 0.045 g / L, respectively. They were given water and feed ad libitum. At the end of the study, no significant differences were observed between the control and treatment groups, except in their feed consumption and egg shell weight. In the first treatment group (given 0.015 g / L ChitO), it was observed that feed consumption decreased significantly compared to the control group; however, the difference between the other treatment groups was insignificant. The egg shell weight of the second treatment group (0.030 g / L ChitO) was found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of the control group. In general, consumption of chitosan oligosaccharide with drinking water tended to decrease feed consumption, without adversely affecting feed efficiency, and tended to increase eggshell weight.
Identification of single nucleotide variant in Mx1 gene associated with antibody response to Avian Influenza virus in Aseel chickens
Authors: Majeed R , Zahoor I , Anjum A , Ali M , Basheer A
Published: October 2023

Aseel birds are known for their hardiness, thermotolerance, pugnacity, and robustness. However, they are highly susceptible to Avian Influenza (AI) and Newcastle Disease (ND) viruses which cause huge mortalities. Present study was designed to identify polymorphisms in exon-14 of Mx1, and 5’UTR & intron-7 of ROBO2 gene associated with antibody response to AIV (H9N2) and ND virus respectively in adult Aseel birds. After screening of 500 birds for HI-based antibody response against both viruses, two separate set of 40 birds, one for each virus, were selected on the basis of maximum divergence in their antibody response. The sequence data of exon-14 of Mx1 gene revealed 3 SNP, and that of ROBO2 gene showed 2 SNPs in intron-7 and 1 in 5’UTR. The genotypic frequencies of identified variants were tested for goodness-of-fit and only Mx_810 showed significant difference. The results of association analysis revealed a non-synonymous SNP (G>A), Mx1_567, significantly associated with pre- (P<0.01) and post-vaccination (P<0.01) antibody response against AIV. The LSD results showed that homozygous mutant (AA), and heterozygous (AG) genotypes had significantly greater values of pre- and post-vaccination antibody response compared with wild-type genotype. However, no SNP in the ROBO2 gene was found significantly associated with antibody response.
Survey on the gastrointestinal parasites in Passeriformes and Psittaciformes with a focus on zoonotic parasites
Authors: Talazadeh F , Razijalali MH , Roshanzadeh N , Davoodi P
Published: October 2023

Considering the increase in the keeping of pet birds and the importance of gastrointestinal parasitic infection, especially zoonotic parasites, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in different species of Passeriformes and  Psittaciformes. In this study, one hundred and twenty fresh fecal samples were collected from different species of captive pet birds in Ahvaz from Apr 2021 to Aug 2021. The collected samples were analyzed using Clayton-Lane methods, Modified Ziehl–Neelsen, and Trichrome staining. Light microscopic morphometry was used for the identification of helminth eggs and oocysts.  The results of this study showed that 37 samples (30.83%) were infected with gastrointestinal parasites. Among the helminthic parasites, three samples (2.5%) were infected with Hymenolepis spp.. Among protozoan parasites, 24 samples (20%) were infected with Eimeria spp., three samples (2.5%) were infected with Isospora spp., two samples (1.66%) were infected with Cryptosporidium spp., and five samples (4.16%) were infected with Giardia spp.. The results of the present study showed that the highest rate of gastrointestinal parasitic infection was in Passeriformes kept in pet shops and the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infection was higher in the zebra finch, common mynah, and canary compared to other pet birds.  But the highest rate of zoonotic parasitic infection was in Psittaciformes. According to the results, zoonotic parasites are present in pet birds in the Ahvaz area and should be considered by the owners of these pet birds, breeders, veterinarians, and public health organizations.
The effect of low- and high-dose levothyroxine on the expression, protein level, and function of P-glycoprotein in mice
Authors: Tras B , Uney K , Eser Faki H , Melik Parlak T , Ozdemir Kutahya Z
Published: October 2023

The study was investigated the effect of different doses of levothyroxine on the mRNA expression, protein level and function of Pgp. Mice were divided into 6 groups as control, low dose levothyroxine, high dose levothyroxine, fexofenadine, low dose levothyroxine+fexofenadine and high dose levothyroxine+fexofenadine. Mice received levothyroxine at doses of 8 and 80 µg/kg daily for 21 days. Fexofenadine was administered at dose of 40 mg/kg at the 24 h following the last administration of levothyroxine. The mRNA levels and protein level of Pgp in liver and small intestine were determined by RT-PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. Plasma concentrations of fexofenadine were determined using HPLC. Levothyroxine at low and high doses caused an insignificant increase intestinal mRNA expression of mdr1a, while high dose levothyroxine+fexofenadine caused a significant increase. Levothyroxine caused a dose-dependent decrease in intestinal mRNA expression of mdr1b. In liver, levothyroxine caused a dose-dependent increase in the mRNA expression of mdr1a. Fexofenadine significantly reduced the effect of levothyroxine on mRNA expression of mdr1a in liver. Levothyroxine increased the protein level of Pgp in liver and decrease in intestines. Low dose levothyroxine significantly increased the plasma concentration of fexofenadine. The effects of levothyroxine on the mRNA expression of mdr1a and b in small intestine and liver and protein level of Pgp varied depending on the dose, tissue type, and fexofenadine administration.
Pregnancy and birth complications associations with long-term adverse maternal mental health outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Bodunde Elizabeth O , Buckley Daire , O'Neill Eimear , Maher Gillian M. , Matvienko-Sikar Karen , O'Connor Karen , McCarthy Fergus P. , Khashan Ali S.
Published: October 2023

Background Existing studies have established an association between pregnancy, birth complications, and mental health in the first few weeks postpartum. However, there is no clear understanding of whether pregnancy and birth complications increase the risk of adverse maternal mental outcomes in the longer term. Research on maternal adverse mental health outcomes following pregnancy and birth complications beyond 12 months postpartum is scarce, and findings are inconsistent. Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis will examine the available evidence on the association between pregnancy and birth complications and long-term adverse maternal mental health outcomes. Methods and analysis We will include cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies in which a diagnosis of pregnancy and/or birth complication (preeclampsia, pregnancy loss, caesarean section, preterm birth, perineal laceration, neonatal intensive care unit admission, major obstetric haemorrhage, and birth injury/trauma) was reported and maternal mental disorders (depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorders, psychosis, and schizophrenia) after 12 months postpartum were the outcomes. A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science will be conducted following a detailed search strategy until August 2022. Three authors will independently review titles and abstracts of all eligible studies, extract data using pre-defined standardised data extraction and assess the quality of each study using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We will use random-effects meta-analysis for each exposure and outcome variable to calculate overall pooled estimates using the generic inverse variance method. This systematic review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Ethical consideration The proposed systematic review and meta-analysis is based on published data; ethics approval is not required. The results will be presented at scientific meetings and publish in a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO registration CRD42022359017
IMPROVEMENT OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF CULTIVATION OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT VARIETY TULAIKOVSKAYA NADEJDA ON GRAY FOREST SOIL OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN THEM
Authors: Serzhanov Igor , Shaykhutdinov Farit , Garaev Razil , Serzhanova Al'bina
Published: October 2023

The article summarizes the results of two years of experiments to study the effect of the Tulaikovskaya Nadezhda variety on the productivity of spring wheat and calculates the doses of mineral fertilizers for 3 and 4 tons of grain per 1 hectare at different densities of plant stems by changing seeding. rates from 4 to 7 million. germination of grains per hectare. The studies were carried out in 2021 and 2022 in the area of crop rotation of pure fallow, winter rye, spring wheat on the experimental fields of the Institute of Agrobiotechnology and Land Management of the Kazan State Agrarian University, where the soil cover represents the following agrochemical data: humus content (according to Tyurin) › 3.0%, P2O5 › 250 mg/kg and exchangeable potassium › 145 mg/kg (according to Kirsanov’s extract), pH of the saline solution – 5.9. Agricultural technology for cultivating spring wheat in experiments is generally accepted in the republic, with the exception of the studied options. Meteorological conditions during the growing season of the study object in 2021 were characterized as extremely unfavorable for growth and development. The temperature and water conditions of the soil and air were extremely unfavorable. JCC (May-June 0.19-0.25). In 2022, research was carried out under conditions of sufficient humidity and temperature conditions. State Customs Committee (May-June – 1.37). Under the conditions of both 2021 and 2022, the yield of spring wheat fluctuated over a wide range depending on the nutritional background and seeding rates. On a non-winding background, according to seeding rates in 2021, from 0.87 to 0.97 t/ha, on fertilized backgrounds - 1.08-1.60 and 1.0-1.5 t/ha. In 2022 - 2.35-3.08, 4.20-4.81 and 4.70-5.22 tons per hectare, respectively. On average, the application of fertilizers with a planned grain yield of 3 t/ha gave an average increase of 1.12 t, with 4 t – 1.3 t of grain/ha. The optimal seeding rate for all fodder backgrounds turned out to be 5 million germinating grains per 1 ha. The yield under control is 2.09 tons, against background II – 3.21 and background III – 3.37 tons of grain per hectare.
MILK PRODUCTIVITY AND MILK QUALITY OF COWS WITH DIFFERENT LEP GENOTYPES AND LINEAR AFFILIATION
Authors: Lamara Mohammed , Zarubezhnova Diana , Ahmetov Tahir , Shaydullin Radik , Tyulkin Sergey
Published: October 2023

A review of the scientific literature has shown that the genotype by loci of the Leptin (LEP) gene and linear affiliation to the leading Holstein breed of cows have an impact on milk productivity and the quality of their milk. The purpose of our research was to study the milk productivity and qualitative composition of the milk of Tatarstan-type cows with different genotypes according to the loci of the Leptin gene and linear belonging to the Holstein breed. The research was carried out in the conditions of the agricultural company "Agrofirma Rassvet" of the Kukmorsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan on the livestock of 79 cows of the Tatarstan type. The Tatarstan type is one of the leading dairy cattle breeds bred in the Republic of Tatarstan, and created by crossing the Kholmogorsky, Black and White, and Holstein breeds, while the bloodline was 1/8 Kholmogorsky + 1/16 Black and White + 13/16 Holstein. As a result of a molecular genetic study (PCR-RFLP), the animal population was sorted into groups, taking into account the genotype by the loci of the Leptin gene. The conducted studies have shown that in Tatarstan-type cows after the first lactation, the highest milk yield indicators, the amount of fat and protein in milk were noted in animals with the leptin gene genotypes LEP/CC and LEP/CT in comparison with peers of the LEP/TT genotype. However, in terms of the mass fraction of fat and protein in milk, the trend was reversed. Also, among the cows of the Tatarstan type, according to the first lactation, the highest values of milk productivity indicators (milk yield, amount of milk fat and protein) are in cows with the LEP/CC genotype of linear belonging to the Holstein breed, namely W. Ideal 933122 and R. Sovering 198998.
La metamorfosis
Authors: Trillo de Leyva Juan Luis
Published: October 2023

La capacidad creativa en la fabulación es comparable con la del proyecto en cuanto interpretación de estructuras formativas y síntesis de la realidad. En la fábula, las metamorfosis indican el proceso entre dos estados formales: inicial y final. En este proceso se implica el conjunto de los conocimientos que forman la experiencia: los procedentes de la realidad y los procedentes de la imaginación
Proyecto-ruina: utopía-antiutopía
Authors: Flores Abat Lluís Xavier
Published: October 2023

El proyecto no sólo implica el orden y la previsión del futuro sino que también se implica en la lectura de la ruina como lugar de la memoria del pasado. En el proyecto de la ciudad subyace la tensión entre la presencia de lo arbitrario y la utopía, tensión que desenmascara Piranesi en sus dibujos de las Carceri como premonición de la realidad caótica y dislocada de la megalópolis contemporánea.
Wojwodina i jej Rusini: O języku, kulturze i historii Rusinów wojwodińskich
Authors: Kwoka Tomasz
Published: October 2023

Released on the 100th anniversary of the beginning of the Ruthenian language in Vojvodina codification, this monography is to present the triple phenomenon of Pannonian Ruthenians – national, linguistic as well as cultural and legal. Therefore, its purpose is to discuss three aspects of the survival and existence of Ruthenians in Vojvodina: the history of colonisation and shaping Ruthenians as a separate ethnos, the history of the language as a main nation-building factor and finally the contemporary functioning of Ruthenians’ language as a minority one in multinational Vojvodina. Due to the coexistence of these three elements, community comprising today only 11 483 persons still exhibits remarkable vitality, fostering and developing its tradition, culture, education, media and language.
Clinical implications of forkhead box M1, cyclooxygenase-2, and glucose-regulated protein 78 in breast invasive ductal carcinoma
Authors: Bai Jie , Li Ying , Cai Li
Published: October 2023

Rehabilitation of lower limb amputation in developing countries is quite challenging. Though there are basic to highly advanced prostheses available in India, the set-up is still facing difficulties in developing countries. Prosthetic management is difficult due to lack of availability of prostheses and reduced affordability among low income populations. In this review we highlighted the lower limb amputation and prosthetic rehabilitation status in India. Currently, India is advancing well in the rehabilitation field, but further studies are required to provide more evidence and recommendation.
Construction of clinical research nurse training program based on position competence
Authors: Sun Jie , Shan Wen-Chuan , Liu Jun-Mei , Zhang Qin-Qin , Ye Yi , Huang Shu-Ting , Zhong Keng
Published: October 2023

Rehabilitation of lower limb amputation in developing countries is quite challenging. Though there are basic to highly advanced prostheses available in India, the set-up is still facing difficulties in developing countries. Prosthetic management is difficult due to lack of availability of prostheses and reduced affordability among low income populations. In this review we highlighted the lower limb amputation and prosthetic rehabilitation status in India. Currently, India is advancing well in the rehabilitation field, but further studies are required to provide more evidence and recommendation.
Neonatal methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia–related recurrent fatal pyopneumothorax: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Li Xing-Chao , Sun Li , Li Tao
Published: October 2023

Rehabilitation of lower limb amputation in developing countries is quite challenging. Though there are basic to highly advanced prostheses available in India, the set-up is still facing difficulties in developing countries. Prosthetic management is difficult due to lack of availability of prostheses and reduced affordability among low income populations. In this review we highlighted the lower limb amputation and prosthetic rehabilitation status in India. Currently, India is advancing well in the rehabilitation field, but further studies are required to provide more evidence and recommendation.
Learning Injustice: Historical Memory of the Indonesian 1965 Genocide and Education to Young People
Authors: Wahyuningroem Sri Lestari , Kartika Dyah Ayu
Published: October 2023

Abstract: When a state refuses to confront and resolve its burned history of past abuses by eliminating its unjust narratives and official history, how will the younger generation learn about its nation's dark past? This article attempts to answer this question by looking at several teaching initiatives that emphasize historical memory in Indonesia. The genocide against leftist groups that began in October 1965 is still being denied by the state, even though some elements of civil society, including victims' groups, have tried various efforts to ensure that the state can carry out the transitional justice agenda. By conducting interviews and direct observations, this paper finds some historical justice education initiatives carried out against young people by elements of civil society. This form of education is quite effective in critically building young people's historical understanding and their agency in the community.
In the Tradition of William Osler: A New Biohumanistic Model of Psychiatry
Authors: Ghaemi S. Nassir
Published: October 2023

abstract: William Osler (1849–1919) is often considered the most influential physician in the emergence of science-based medicine. However, his approach to clinical medicine tends to be misunderstood, and its relevance to psychiatry has not been explored systematically. Osler's approach to the patient had four components: biological reductionism about disease, a scientific approach to clinical diagnosis, therapeutic conservatism, and a humanistic approach to the person. These concepts conflict with the pragmatic, eclectic, anti-reductionistic assumptions of contemporary psychiatry, as codified in its interpretation of a "biopsychosocial" model. This model leads to unscientific practice, with excessive use of medications given for symptoms, and inattention to identifying and treating diseases. This article suggests that implementing Osler's philosophy of medicine in psychiatry would greatly benefit the latter. It would inaugurate a new "biohumanistic" approach to psychiatry.
A New Geological (R)age: Orogeny, Anger, and the Anthropocene in N.K. Jemisin’s The Fifth Season
Authors: Lee Regina Y.
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT: In The Fifth Season (2015), N.K. Jemisin depicts speculative seismological and volcanic events to defamiliarize the outcomes of slavery from their American instantiations, making them starkly visible again and again. I argue that analyzing how The Fifth Season articulates this understanding requires a geological or, more precisely, a tectonic lens. In this paper I focus on The Fifth Season specifically for its tripartite narrative stratification, which reproduces the geological mechanisms of building and destroying mountains in the space of a human lifetime. Jemisin uses volcanos, tectonic plates, slip strikes, and especially earthquakes to parallel, echo, amplify, and foreshadow her characters’ responses and actions. This is a tectonic tactic, not only for negotiating the violent ruptures of the novel’s ironically named world of “The Stillness” but also for tracing slavery’s historical arc, requiring multifaceted transnational analyses across centuries to track its devastating trajectories.
Analyzing Humanity’s Fate Beyond the Anthropocene in the Works of Sheri S. Tepper
Authors: Łaszkiewicz Weronika
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT: The aim of this article is to juxtapose two of Sheri S. Tepper’s works— Beauty (1991) and the Plague of Angels trilogy (1993–2014)—in order to demonstrate how her vision of humanity’s future beyond the Anthropocene evolves or devolves in the course of her literary career, from the promise of magical salvation into a disturbing scenario of scientific advancement involving passive genocide, genetic modification, and eugenics. My reading is grounded in Marek Oziewicz’s theory of planetary narratives, Donna Haraway’s concept of the Chthulucene, and Joan Gordon’s figure of the amborg, which allow one to critically evaluate the author’s perception both of interspecies relations and humanity’s position among other living creatures.
Towards Postcapitalist Value in Kim Stanley Robinson’s The Ministry for the Future
Authors: Vergara Tomás
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT: This paper establishes a dialogue between Kim Stanley Robinson’s The Ministry for the Future and recent scholarship on the Capitalocene. By drawing on Jason W. Moore’s concepts of world-ecology and Cheap Natures, it argues that the novel attempts to reconceptualize economics with the aim of integrating biospheric sustainability into the composition of value. Through its emphasis on reformulating the value-form of capital, the text persuades readers that reformations can lead to a postcapitalist world-ecology.
Silicon-tapered waveguide for mode conversion in metal–insulator–metal waveguide-based plasmonic sensor for refractive index sensing
Authors: Kazanskiy N. L. , Butt M. A. , Khonina S. N.
Published: October 2023

In this study, we have undertaken a comprehensive numerical investigation of a refractive index sensor designed around a metal–insulator–metal (MIM) plasmonic waveguide. Our approach utilizes the finite element method to thoroughly analyze the sensor’s performance. The sensor’s configuration utilizes a ring resonator design, which has been slightly modified at the coupling segment. This modification enhances the efficiency of light coupling between a bus waveguide and the ring resonator, particularly at the resonance wavelength. This strategic adjustment significantly improves the device’s extinction ratio, a critical factor in its functionality. Remarkably, the sensitivity of this sensor is determined to be approximately 1155.71 nm/RIU, while it possesses a figure of merit of 25.9. Furthermore, our study delves into the intricate mechanism governing the injection of light into the nanoscale MIM waveguide. We achieve this through the incorporation of silicon-tapered waveguides, which play a pivotal role in facilitating the transformation of a dielectric mode into a plasmonic mode, and vice versa. Ultimately, the findings of this research hold significant promise for advancing the field of plasmonic sensing systems based on MIM waveguide technology. The insights gained here pave the way for the practical realization and optimization of highly efficient and precise plasmonic sensors.
2D material platform for overcoming the amplitude–phase tradeoff in ring resonators
Authors: Datta Ipshita , Gil-Molina Andres , Chae Sang Hoon , Zhou Vivian , Hone James , Lipson Michal
Published: October 2023

Compact and high-speed electro-optic phase modulators play a vital role in various large-scale applications including optical computing, quantum and neural networks, and optical communication links. Conventional electro-refractive phase modulators such as silicon (Si), III-V and graphene on Si suffer from a fundamental tradeoff between device length and optical loss that limits their scaling capabilities. High-finesse ring resonators have been traditionally used as compact intensity modulators, but their use for phase modulation has been limited due to the high insertion loss associated with the phase shift. Here, we show that high-finesse resonators can achieve a strong phase shift with low insertion loss by simultaneous modulation of the real and imaginary parts of the refractive index, to the same extent, i.e., ΔnΔk∼1. To implement this strategy, we demonstrate an active hybrid platform that combines a low-loss SiN ring resonator with 2D materials such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenide [tungsten disulphide (WSe2)], which induces a strong change in the imaginary and real parts of the index. Our platform consisting of a 25 µm long Gr-Al2O3-WSe2capacitor embedded on a SiN ring of 50 µm radius (∼8% ring coverage) achieves a continuous phase shift of (0.46±0.05)πradians with an insertion loss (IL) of 3.18±0.20 dB and a transmission modulation (ΔTRing) of 1.72±0.15dB at a probe wavelength (λp) of 1646.18 nm. We find that our Gr-Al2O3-WSe2capacitor exhibits a phase modulation efficiency (Vπ2⋅L) of 0.530±0.016V⋅cm and can support an electro-optic bandwidth of 14.9±0.1GHz. We further show that our platform can achieve a phase shift ofπradians with an IL of 5 dB and a minimum ΔTof 0.046 dB. We demonstrate the broadband nature of the binary phase response, by measuring a phase shift of (1.00±0.10)πradians, with an IL of 5.20±0.31dB and a minimal ΔTRingof 0.015±0.006dB for resonances spanning from 1564 to 1650 nm. This SiN–2D hybrid platform provides the design for compact and high-speed reconfigurable circuits with graphene and transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers that can enable large-scale photonic systems.
Theory of Rayleigh-Brillouin optical activity light scattering applicable to chiral liquids
Authors: Cameron Robert P. , Alexakis Emmanouil , Arnold Aidan , McArthur Duncan
Published: October 2023

It has long been understood that dilute samples of chiral molecules such as rarefied gases should exhibit Rayleigh optical activity. We extend the existing theory by accounting for molecular dynamics and correlations, thus obtaining a more general theory of Rayleigh-Brillouin optical activity applicable to dense samples such as neat liquids.
Feasibility and acceptability of CRiSOL: A pilot peer-based intervention to address syndemic health issues afflicting Latino immigrants in the U.S.
Authors: Martinez-Donate Ana P. , Zumaeta-Castillo Claudia , Yamasaki Yoshiaki , Perez Cristina , Martinez Omar , Hassrick Elizabeth McGhee , Ventimiglia Jonas , Lazo-Elizondo Mariana
Published: October 2023

Substance use, HIV/AIDS, domestic violence and mental health (SAVAME) are syndemic health issues that disproportionately burden Latinos in the U.S. Yet, there are limited evidence-based interventions to address these interrelated syndemic issues and their shared socio-ecological determinants. This study sought to test the feasibility and acceptability of CRiSOL, a peer-based, resilience-focused intervention to reduce the impact of the SAVAME syndemic on Latino immigrants. Fifteen Latino immigrant community leaders were recruited and trained to serve as health promotion agents in their naturally existing social networks. The training was implemented with high fidelity, received with high satisfaction by the peer leaders, and associated with significant improvements in their knowledge, leadership skills, and social capital. During an 8-month outreach phase, nine leaders remained active in the program and documented 825 one-on-one interactions with community members, during which they provided advice/counseling (52.2% of interactions), health information/education (32.5%), referrals to health and social services (38.5%), food aid (39.9%), and service navigation/assistance (10.2%). While future research must be conducted to establish the effectiveness of CRiSOL, findings from this pilot evaluation indicate the feasibility, acceptability, and high level of reach of this intervention and suggest significant potential to reduce the SAVAME syndemic burden in Latino communities.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Capital Structure
Authors: Campos-Rasera Paula Pontes de , Passos Gabriela de Abreu , Colauto Romualdo Douglas
Published: October 2023

Objective: We analyze the effects of capital structure influence on corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance, represented by the ESG score. Prior studies have investigated distinct factors to settle CSR adoption. Nonetheless, corporate social responsibility literature has not yet achieved common consent.
Method: This study uses a quantitative research approach. We used a sample of listed companies from the United States of America, China, Japan, Germany, India, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Brazil, and Canada. Three estimators were applied in the regression model, OLS pooled, IV 2SLS, and GMM 2SLS.
Results: Our findings indicate a positive and significant relationship between Capital Structure and CSR. Furthermore, we understand that the positive and statistically significant findings in the relationship between market value and corporate social responsibility index are because corporate social responsibility has an intangible asset in its constitution: the corporate reputation. Therefore, these results converge into accepting these practices, which generate a firm’s value, justifying the positive and significant association. Finally, it is essential to highlight that the variations found between countries, especially companies from nations with higher GDP, need a more substantial capital structure than smaller ones to obtain a positive CSR index.
Contributions: The paper argues that the capital structure can be introduced related to adopting corporate social responsibility. It is worth noting that this research aims not to provide an optimal set of factors that affect corporate social responsibility practices but to highlight the intangible effect of corporate reputation generated by the capital structure that other studies can investigate.
Depressive disorders and their pharmacotherapy in routine clinical practice
Authors: Mosolov S. N. , Parfenov V. A. , Amelin A. V. , Medvedev V. E. , Mendelevich V. D. , Usov G. M. , Sivolap Yu. P. , Bogolepova A. N. , Mkhitaryan E. A. , Petelin D. S.
Published: October 2023

Depression is one of the most common medical causes of disability and mortality in patients of all ages. Depressive disorders are common in the practice of physicians of a variety of specialties, including psychiatrists, neurologists, and physicians. This paper provides a summary review of the literature on modern ideas about the epidemiology, classification, and clinical picture of depression. Current approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of depressive disorders in neurological and psychiatric practice are discussed. Modern pharmacotherapeutic strategies for the treatment of depression in various patient populations are described in detail. Current clinical practice indicates the high importance of an interdisciplinary approach in the diagnosis and management of patients with depressive symptoms in Russia. The paper suggests organizational and educational strategies that can be recommended to improve the effectiveness of medical care for patients with depressive disorders.
Comprehensive diagnosis of cervical dystonia and the efficacy of long-term (three-year) botulinum therapy
Authors: Tolmacheva V. A. , Petelin D. S. , Volel B. A.
Published: October 2023

Cervical dystonia (CD) is common in outpatient practice but in many cases is diagnosed at late stages. The efficacy of long-term botulinum therapy (BT) in CD has been poorly studied.

Objective: to analyse the typical practice of treating patients with CD and the efficacy of long-term BT therapy (three years).

Material and methods. Sixty-three patients (43 women and 20 men) diagnosed with CD (mean age 51 [42; 63] years) participated in the study. We performed an analysis of typical practice of managing patients with CD before starting BT. The mean duration of disease at the time of referral was 6 [4; 10] years. Patients received repeated injections of BT at 10–20 week intervals; BT was administered under electromyographic control and ultrasound navigation. The severity of CD was assessed using the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWRSTW), quality of life using the EuroQol-5D questionnaire (EQ-5D) questionnaire, and anxiety level using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire scale-7, GAD-7). Patients' condition was assessed at baseline, 1 month after BT, and after 3 years against the background of regular BT. The severity of the disease before BT was 36.71±3.6 points. The control group consisted of 46 healthy subjects (39 women and 7 men, mean age 53.8±12.3 years).

Results. The diagnosis of CD was made on average 2.3±1.1 years after the onset of the first symptoms, BT was started on average 5±2.6 years after diagnosis. At the first visit to the physician, CD was detected in only 32% of cases. In the CD group there was an increase in the severity of anxiety up to 9.93±4.7 points (in the control group – 4.28±3.5 points; p≤0.05) and a decrease in quality of life down to 62.53±12.1 points (in the control group – 86.38±6.4 points; p≤0.05). One month after BT, a significant decrease in the severity of the disease was observed – from 36.7±13.6 to 13.3±10.8 points (p≤0.05). After three years of regular BT the severity of the disease decreased to 12.7±10.5 points (p≤0.05), the level of anxiety decreased to 5.2±3.7 points (p≤0.05), the patients' quality of life increased up to 77.93±8.4 points (p≤0.05).

Conclusion. CD is still underdiagnosed in practice, and BT is not prescribed until several years after the onset of the disease. Regular and longterm use of BT not only reduces the severity of CD, but also reduces the severity of anxiety disorders and improves patients' quality of life.