bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A step towards equitable clinical trial recruitment: a protocol for the development and preliminary testing of an online prostate cancer health information and clinical trial matching tool
Authors: Borno Hala T. , Bakke Brian M. , Kaplan Celia , Hebig-Prophet Anke , Chao Jessica , Kim Yoon-Ji , Yeager Jan , Cinar Pelin , Small Eric , Boscardin Christy , Gonzales Ralph
Published: November 2019

Background

Recruitment of a diverse participant pool to cancer clinical trials is an essential component of clinical research as it improves the generalizability of findings. Investigating and piloting novel recruitment strategies that take advantage of ubiquitous digital technologies has become an important component of facilitating broad recruitment and addressing inequities in clinical trial participation. Equitable and inclusive recruitment improves generalizability of clinical trial outcomes, benefiting patients, clinicians, and the research community. The increasing prevalence of online connectivity in the USA and use of the Internet as a resource for medical information provides an opportunity for digital recruitment strategies in cancer clinical trials. This study aims to measure the acceptability, preliminary estimates of efficacy, and feasibility of the Trial Library intervention, an Internet-based cancer clinical trial matching tool. This study will also examine the extent to which the Trial Library website, designed to address the linguistic and literacy needs of broader patient populations, influences patient-initiated conversations with physicians about clinical trial participation.

Methods

This is a study protocol for a non-randomized, single-arm pilot study. This is a mixed methods study design that utilizes the statistical analysis of quantitative survey data and the qualitative analysis of interview data to assess the participant experience with the Trial Library intervention. This study will examine (1) acceptability as a measure of participant satisfaction with this intervention, (2) preliminary measure of efficacy as a measure of proportion of participants with documented clinical trial discussion in the electronic medical record, and (3) feasibility of the intervention as a measure of duration of clinical visit.

Discussion

The principles that informed the design of the Trial Library intervention aim to be generalizable to clinical trials across many disease contexts. From the ground up, this intervention is built to be inclusive of the linguistic, literacy, and technological needs of underrepresented patient populations. This study will collect essential preliminary data prior to a multi-site randomized clinical trial of the Trial Library intervention.

Trial registration

This study has received institutional approval from the Committee of Human Subjects Research at the University of California, San Francisco.
Seismic velocity estimation: A deep recurrent neural-network approach
Authors: Fabien-Ouellet Gabriel , Sarkar Rahul
Published: November 2019

Applying deep learning to 3D velocity model building remains a challenge due to the sheer volume of data required to train large-scale artificial neural networks. Moreover, little is known about what types of network architectures are appropriate for such a complex task. To ease the development of a deep-learning approach for seismic velocity estimation, we have evaluated a simplified surrogate problem — the estimation of the root-mean-square (rms) and interval velocity in time from common-midpoint gathers — for 1D layered velocity models. We have developed a deep neural network, whose design was inspired by the information flow found in semblance analysis. The network replaces semblance estimation by a representation built with a deep convolutional neural network, and then it performs velocity estimation automatically with recurrent neural networks. The network is trained with synthetic data to identify primary reflection events, rms velocity, and interval velocity. For a synthetic test set containing 1D layered models, we find that rms and interval velocity are accurately estimated, with an error of less than [Formula: see text] for the rms velocity. We apply the neural network to a real 2D marine survey and obtain accurate rms velocity predictions leading to a coherent stacked section, in addition to an estimation of the interval velocity that reproduces the main structures in the stacked section. Our results provide strong evidence that neural networks can estimate velocity from seismic data and that good performance can be achieved on real data even if the training is based on synthetics. The findings for the 1D problem suggest that deep convolutional encoders and recurrent neural networks are promising components of more complex networks that can perform 2D and 3D velocity model building.
Muc5b-deficient mice develop early histological lung abnormalities
Authors: Valque Hélène , Gouyer Valérie , Duez Catherine , Leboeuf Christophe , Marquillies Philippe , Le Bert Marc , Plet Ségolène , Ryffel Bernhard , Janin Anne , Gottrand Frédéric , Desseyn Jean-Luc
Published: November 2019

Gel-forming mucins are the main organic component responsible for physical properties of the mucus hydrogels. While numerous biological functions of these mucins are well documented, specific physiological functions of each mucin are largely unknown. To investigate in vivo functions of the gel-forming mucin Muc5b, which is one of the major secreted airway mucins, along with Muc5ac, we generated mice in which Muc5b was disrupted and maintained in the absence of environmental stress. Adult Muc5b-deficient mice displayed bronchial hyperplasia and metaplasia, interstitial thickening, alveolar collapse, immune cell infiltrates, fragmented and disorganized elastin fibers and collagen deposits that were, for approximately one-fifth of the mice, associated with altered pulmonary function leading to respiratory failure. These lung abnormalities start early in life, as demonstrated in one-quarter of 2-day-old Muc5b-deficient pups. Thus, the mouse mucin Muc5b is essential for maintaining normal lung function.
“Ethical Minefields” and the Voice of Common Sense: A Discussion with Julian Savulescu
Authors: Protopapadakis Evangelos D.
Published: November 2019

Theoretical ethics includes both metaethics (the meaning of moral terms) and normative ethics (ethical theories and principles). Practical ethics involves making decisions about every day real ethical problems, like decisions about euthanasia, what we should eat, climate change, treatment of animals, and how we should live. It utilizes ethical theories, like utilitarianism and Kantianism, and principles, but more broadly a process of reflective equilibrium and consistency to decide how to act and be.
The performance of bovine serum albumin filtration by using polyethersulfone-Tetronic 304 blend Ultrafiltration Membrane
Authors: Razi Fachrul , Mulyati Sri , Arahman Nasrul
Published: November 2019

Background: Membrane technology has been widely applied for protein purification. In applications for protein separation, a membrane with stable filtration performance is necessary. In this work, two types of hollow fiber membranes with different characteristic were used to study the filtration profile of bovine serum albumin.

Methods: A single piece of hollow fiber module was used for ultrafiltration testing using UF0 and UFT304 membranes. Flux and rejection of BSA solution were collected based on a pressure-driven inside filtration model.

Results: Ultrafiltration experiments showed that the flux of UFT304 membrane was higher than that of UF0 membrane in all applied pressure condition. Solute rejection reaches 90 and 88% for ultrafiltration of BSA solution on the operating pressure of 0.5 atm using  UF0 and UFT304 membranes, respectively.

Conclusion: In general, UFT304 membranes has better ultrafiltration performance for BSA separation than UF0 membranes. The UFT304 membrane has a more stable flux for up to two hours of filtration.
The de.NBI / ELIXIR-DE training platform - Bioinformatics training in Germany and across Europe within ELIXIR
Authors: Wibberg Daniel , Batut Bérénice , Belmann Peter , Blom Jochen , Glöckner Frank Oliver , Grüning Björn , Hoffmann Nils , Kleinbölting Nils , Rahn René , Rey Maja , Scholz Uwe , Sharan Malvika , Tauch Andreas , Trojahn Ulrike , Usadel Björn , Kohlbacher Oliver
Published: November 2019

The German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure (de.NBI) is a national and academic infrastructure funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). The de.NBI provides (i) service, (ii) training, and (iii) cloud computing to users in life sciences research and biomedicine in Germany and Europe and (iv) fosters the cooperation of the German bioinformatics community with international network structures. The de.NBI members also run the German node (ELIXIR-DE) within the European ELIXIR network. The de.NBI / ELIXIR-DE training platform, also known as special interest group 3 (SIG 3) ‘Training & Education’, coordinates the bioinformatics training of de.NBI and the German ELIXIR node. The network provides a high-quality, coherent, timely, and impactful training program across its eight service centers. Life scientists learn how to handle and analyze biological big data more effectively by applying tools, standards and compute services provided by de.NBI. Since 2015, more than 250 training courses were carried out with more than 5,200 participants and these courses received recommendation rates of almost 90% (status as of October 2019). In addition to face-to-face training courses, online training was introduced on the de.NBI website in 2016 and guidelines for the preparation of e-learning material were established in 2018. In 2016, ELIXIR-DE joined the ELIXIR training platform. Here, the de.NBI / ELIXIR-DE training platform collaborates with ELIXIR in training activities, advertising training courses via TeSS and discussions on the exchange of data for training events essential for quality assessment on both the technical and administrative levels. The de.NBI training program trained thousands of scientists from Germany and beyond in many different areas of bioinformatics.
Urine cytological examination: an appropriate method that can be used to detect a wide range of urinary abnormalities
Authors: Siddig Emmanuel Edwar , Mohamed Nouh S. , Ali Eman Taha , Mohamed Mona A. , Muneer Mohamed S. , Munir Abdulla , Edris Ali Mahmoud Mohammed , Ahmed Eiman S. , Elnour Lubna S. , Hassan Rowa
Published: November 2019

Background:Urine cytology is a method that can be used for the primary detection of urothelial carcinoma, as well as other diseases related to the urinary system, including hematuria and infectious agents. In this study we aimed at investigating urine abnormalities among Sudanese patients attending Omdurman teaching hospital.

Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2016 to October 2017. A voided urine samples were collected and stained using Papanicolaou stain.

Results:A total of 1238 urine samples were meticulously examined, 832 (67.2%) from males (mean age 41.7±12.67), and 406 (32.8%) from females (mean age 43.8±10.94). 147 (11.9%) patients had an underlying medical condition, either AIDs, diabetes mellitus type 2 or historical renal transplantation. Hematuria was more frequent amongst males than females, 100 (68.9%) and 45 (31.1%), respectively. Urine cytology diagnosis was 43 cases (3.5%) of candidiasis, 36 cases (2.9%) of reactive urothelial cells, 11 cases (0.9%) of cryptococcosis, 9 cases (0.7%)  of urothelial carcinoma, 9 (0.7%) human papilloma virus (HPV) diagnoses, 8 (0.6%) polyomavirus (BKV) diagnoses, 6 (0.5%) schistosomiasis diagnoses and 3 cases  (0.2%) of low grade urothelial cells.

Conclusion:Urine cytology seems to be a non-invasive technique that is suitable for all patients with urinary tract infections; those with diabetes, renal transplants, and HIV; and patients with macroscopic or microscopic hematuria for the detection of infectious agents and malignancy.
Falco: high-speed FastQC emulation for quality control of sequencing data
Authors: de Sena Brandine Guilherme , Smith Andrew D.
Published: November 2019

Quality control is an essential first step in sequencing data analysis, and software tools for quality control are deeply entrenched in standard pipelines at most sequencing centers. Although the associated computations are straightforward, in many settings the total computing effort required for quality control is appreciable and warrants optimization. We present falco, an emulation of the popular FastQC tool that runs on average three times faster while generating equivalent results. Compared to FastQC, falco also provides greater scalability for datasets with longer reads and more flexible visualization of HTML reports.
Considerations for the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals for dengue
Authors:   Collaborating Group on Dengue Disease Modelling
Published: November 2019

Dengue circulates endemically in many tropical and subtropical regions. In 2012, the World Health Organization (WHO) set out goals to reduce dengue mortality and morbidity by 50% and 25%, respectively, between 2010 and 2020. These goals will not be met. This is, in part, due to existing interventions being insufficiently effective to prevent spread. Further, complex and variable patterns of disease presentation coupled with imperfect surveillance systems mean that even tracking changes in burden is rarely possible. As part of the Sustainable Development Goals, WHO will propose new dengue-specific goals for 2030. The 2030 goals provide an opportunity for focused action on tackling dengue burden but should be carefully developed to be ambitious but also technically feasible. Here we discuss the potential for clearly defined case fatality rates and the rollout of new and effective intervention technologies to form the foundation of these future goals. Further, we highlight how the complexity of dengue epidemiology limits the feasibility of goals that instead target dengue outbreaks.
الحروف والوجود: دراسة مقارنة بين سفر يتسراه وابن عربي
Authors: ABDUL QADER Malek
Published: November 2019

شهد العالم الإسلامي في القرون الوسطى نشاطا لافتا للتصوف
الإسلامي واليهودي. وقد انعكس هذا الاشتراك الجيوتاريخي والإبستمولوجي على النتاج الصوفي لهما، فظهر جليا وجود تآثر
بين هذين التيارين كما يبدو في أعمال المتصوفين في تلك الحقبة، خاصة المتصوفين
اليهود. وتسعى هذه الورقة إلى دراسة إحدى مظانّ التآثر الصوفي الإسلامي واليهودي
القروسطي، وهي مسألة الحروف وعلاقتها بالوجود من خلال دراسة أبرز من تناولها لدى
الطرفين وهما محيي الدين بن
عربي (1156-
1240م) في مؤلفاته، وسفر
يتسراه (كتاب الخلق) أحد أهم كتب القبالاه المنسوب للنبي إبراهيم. وقامت الدراسة على رصد نقاط الالتقاء والاختلاف بين هذا
السفر وابن عربي وذلك بدراسة عدة مسائل لدى الطرفين شملت :الدور التكويني للحروف،
وماهية هذه الحروف، وترتيبها، والموجودات المنبثقة عنها أو التي تناظرها، وانتهاء
بمحاولة تفسير احتمالية تأثر ابن عربي بسفر يتسراه. وقد خلصت الدراسة إلى وجود
العديد من نقاط التلاقي بين ابن عربي وسفر يتسراه، وكذلك العديد من نقاط الاختلاف،
فضلا عن تميز ابن عربي في شمول أعماله لنواح أكثر اتساعا وتفصيلا قارنا طروحاته
بتعليلات وشروح. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن احتمالية تأثر ابن عربي بسفر يتسراه
احتمالية تفتقر إلى الدليل؛ لاعتماد ابن عربي غالبا على الكتاب والسنة لتدعيم
طروحاته، فضلا عن عدم وجود مصدر تاريخي يؤكد اطلاع ابن عربي على هذا السفر قراءة
أو سماعا.
Relatos, memorias y ficcionalizaciones en el arte: Memoria del horror: Las brutas, de Juan Radrigán; Hans Pozo, de Luis Barrales; e Hilda Peña, de Isidora Stevenson
Authors: Rojo Sara
Published: November 2019

Este trabajo se centrará en tres obras dramáticas chilenas: Las brutas (1980), de Juan Radrigán; Hans Pozo, de Luis Barrales; e Hilda Peña, de Isidora Stevenson. En las tres se retorna a hechos reales: El suicidio de tres mujeres de la etnia Colla, el descuartizamiento de Hans Pozo y el tiroteo tras el asalto al Banco O’Higgins perpetuado por el Movimiento Juvenil Lautaro. Estos hechos son teatralizados y, para ello, se recurre a la memoria colectiva, ala imaginación y a los contextos sociales de enunciación. Son relatos delirantes escritos en la variante popular de los personajes protagonistas, que transitan entre lo real y lo ficcional. El horror se instaura a partir del relato de la vivencia de esas tres mujeres colla, de las voces de los sujetos involucrados en la vida del descuartizado y de la voz de la madre de uno de los muertos en el tiroteo en Hilda Peña.
Existence for (p,q) critical systems in the Heisenberg group
Authors: Pucci Patrizia , Temperini Letizia
Published: November 2019

This paper deals with the existence of entire nontrivial solutions for critical quasilinear systems (𝓢) in the Heisenberg group ℍn, driven by general (p,q) elliptic operators of Marcellini types. The study of (𝓢) requires relevant topics of nonlinear functional analysis because of the lack of compactness. The key step in the existence proof is the concentration–compactness principle of Lions, here proved for the first time in the vectorial Heisenberg context. Finally, the constructed solution has both components nontrivial and the results extend to the Heisenberg group previous theorems on quasilinear (p,q) systems.
Komponisten, Interpreten und Editoren debattieren über Notation
Authors: Schmidt Dörte
Published: November 2019

The article discusses how new developments in the notation of contemporary music were negotiated within the framework of the Darmstadt Summer Courses and which interests and actors played a role in this. The first part examines the publications and publication projects that emerged in the context of the Notation conference in 1964. The focus is on the interests of institutions such as the International Music Council and the International Association of Music Libraries, in whose name the New York publisher Kurt Stone attempted to persuade the International Music Institute Darmstadt to cooperate and, following on from the debates there, to systematically record various forms of notation together. In a second step, the content of the debates at the conference is examined, with a particular focus on the different and sometimes conflicting perspectives of interpreters and composers. Numerous connections to fundamental aesthetic discussions of the time can be worked out, in particular to the relationship between the composer’s intention and interpretation, which was renegotiated in a form of notation that was individualized to the extreme. Finally, with a view to later discussions, this topic is pointed to the question of the relationship between morphology and musical structure, exemplified by positions of Wolfgang Rihm (1982), Klaus Huber (1988) and John Cage (1990).
Lemann Index for Assessment of Crohn’s Disease: Correlation with the Quality of Life, Endoscopic Disease activity, Magnetic Resonance Index of Activity and C- Reactive Protein
Authors: Straksyte Vestina , Kiudelis Gediminas , Gineikiene Irina , Janciauskas Dainius , Basevicius Algidas , Lukosevicius Saulius , Kupcinskas Limas
Published: November 2019

Aim

Crohn’s disease (CD) is characterized by continuing inflammation and progressive gut damage. Despite many scoring indices of CD, there is a lack of more global assessment tools for the evaluation of the total disease impact on the gut.

Methods

Fift y-three adult patients with proven CD underwent magnetic resonance enterocolonography (MR-EC), colonoscopy, and clinical activity assessment, including CRP. Quality of life was assessed using IBDQ. MR-EC was used to evaluate the Magnetic Resonance Index of Activity (MaRIA- global (G)) and the Lemann Index (LI). The CD Endoscopic Index of Severity (CDEIS) was used to score the endoscopic activity of the disease.

Results

A signifi cant correlation between the LI and IBDQ was found (r=-0.812, P<0.01). LI and MaRIA-G correlated moderately, while the LI did not correlate significantly with CRP and CDEIS. For the detection of endoscopically active CD, MaRIA-G was more sensitive and specific (83.3%; 73.3%) compared to the LI (66.7%; 60.0%). There was a moderate correlation between CRP and MaRIA-G, as well as CRP and CDEIS (r=0.496; r=0.527,<0.01).

Conclusion

A signifi cant negative correlation between the LI and quality of life, measured by IBDQ, was found in our study, suggesting that the LI could resemble more global features of the disease, besides inflammatory activity of the gut.
Belastungserleben und sekundäre Viktimisierung durch Missbrauch und Misshandlung in kirchlichen Institutionen
Authors: Prues Andrea , Hoffmann Anika , Rettenberger Martin
Published: November 2019

Das Bekanntwerden von Missbrauchsvorfällen in pädagogischen Institutionen, auch der katholischen Kirche, löste 2010 eine bundesweite öffentliche Debatte über die Gefahren sexualisierter Gewalt und körperlicher Misshandlungen im institutionellen Kontext aus. Vor diesem Hintergrund befasst sich der vorliegende Beitrag mit der psychologischen Betrachtung von Belastungserleben und dem Prozess der sekundären Viktimisierung bei Fällen des Missbrauchs im institutionellen Kontext. Am Beispiel einer Querschnittsstudie mit 21 ehemaligen Internatsschülern der Regensburger Domspatzen werden die Schwere der traumatischen Kindheitserfahrung, der Zusammenhang mit akuten psychischen Belastungen von Betroffenen und der Einfluss des Umgangs der katholischen Kirche mit der Thematik beleuchtet. Die Erlebnisse der Vergangenheit sowie das aktuelle Erleben der Studienteilnehmer, insbesondere im Hinblick auf den aktuellen Umgang der Kirche mit den Missbrauchsvorwürfen, wurden anhand standardisierter und psychometrisch geprüfter Verfahren erfasst und die Ergebnisse mit denen anderer Stichproben verglichen und umfassend diskutiert.
Applications of polymer-based nanoparticles in vaccine field
Authors: Guo Sihan , Fu Dongwei , Utupova Assem , Sun Dejun , Zhou Mo , Jin Zheng , Zhao Kai
Published: November 2019

Polymer-based nanoparticles have good solubility, stability, safety, and sustained release,which increases the absorption of loaded drugs, protects the drugs from degradation, and prolongs their circulation time and targeted delivery. Generally, we believe that prevention and control of infectious diseases through inoculation is the most efficient measure. However, these vaccines including live attenuated vaccines, inactivated vaccines, protein subunit vaccines, recombinant subunit vaccines, synthetic peptide vaccines and DNA vaccines have several defects, such as immune tolerance, poor immunogenicity, low expression level and induction of respiration pathological changes. All kinds of biodegradable natural and synthetic polymers play major roles in the vaccine delivery system to control the release of antigens for an extended period of time. In addition, these polymers also serve as adjuvants to enhance the immunogenicity of vaccine. This review mainly introduces natural and synthetic polymer-based nanoparticles and their formulation and properties. Moreover, polymer-based nanoparticles as adjuvants and delivery carriers in the applications of vaccine are also discussed. This review provides the basis for further operation of nano vaccines by utilizing the polymer-based nanoparticles as vaccine adjuvants and delivery systems. Polymer-based nanoparticles have exhibited great potential in improving the immunogenicity of antigens and the development of nano vaccines in future.
Experimental study on the existence of nano-scale pores and the evolution of organic matter in organic-rich shale
Authors: Yu Weiming , Tang Hongming
Published: November 2019

To explore the characteristics of nanopores in organic-rich shale, the shale of the Upper Yangtze area under different maturity are studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), low temperature nitrogen experiment (LP-N2-GA) and the Frenkel-Halsey-Hill (FHH) fractal model were used. Results show that the intergranular pores and organic pores are most developed, and the pore size is distributed from a few nanometers to several tens of micrometers. The SEM gray scale images make the pore development characteristics of shale be observed more intuitively. Based on the results of low temperature nitrogen adsorption test and FHH fractal model, the results show the fractal dimension of shale is positively correlated with TOC and quartz, but negatively related to clay minerals and feldspar. There is a good relation between maturity and pore volume.With releasing of pressure, the pore evolution gradually returns to the normal compaction trend, and the pore volume of the shale decrease.

Graphical abstract: There are many nano-scale pores in the shale, and the pore characteristics determine the characteristics of shale reservoirs. At the initial stage of sedimentary burial, when Ro is less than 0.7%, the pore volume and specific surface area of the initial shale are large. At the medium maturity stage (0.7%<Ro<1.3%), the pore volume and pores caused by mechanical compaction to some extent. As the degree of thermal evolution deepens to the high maturity stage (1.3% <Ro < 2.6%), the shale is generating large amount of gas. The shale belongs to the low-porosity and low-permeability reservoirs, and the generated oil and gas cannot be effectively transported in a short period of time. The overpressure of the reservoir and the inter-mineral pore characteristics caused by the organic pores and organic acids formed by the hydrocarbon generation are more complicated. When shale is in the stage of over-maturation (Ro>2.6%), as the increase of buried depth, the end of hydrocarbon generation process and long-term pressure release, the under-compacting effect gradually disappear. Porosity evolution gradually returns to normal compaction trend in the shale.
Das Uschebti H 219 im Badischen Landesmuseum und die Chronologie der memphitischen Bürgermeister der 19. Dynastie
Authors: Herzberg-Beiersdorf Anne
Published: November 2019

The inventory number H 219 of the Badisches Landesmuseum Karlsruhe contains the faience shabti of a Memphitic mayor. These civil rulers, subordinate to the king, are mainly responsible for the administration and organisation of the city and its subordinate area, whereby they form the highest regional-administrative instance. Although the Karlsruhe shabti has already been published, its owner has not yet been brought into contact with the circle of Memphite mayors. The aim of this article is to rearrange the chronological order of the known Ramesside officials and to position the owner of the Karlsruhe shabti within this group.
Not a Babe, Certainly not a Mouth
Authors: Klotz David
Published: November 2019

Response to “Out of the Mouths of Babes” by Benjamin Hinson (ZÄS 144/1). The alleged word for “child” is based on an erroneous reading. Parallels show this is a very different epithet (“he who ejaculates the Nun waters”), most likely denoting Atum.
The Ritual of “Encircling the Tomb” in the Funerary Monument of Djehuty (TT 11)
Authors: Serrano José M.
Published: November 2019

In the Theban tomb of Djehuty (TT 11) we have the representation of a ritual apparently focused on surrounding the funerary monument. The objective of this paper is the reconstruction of the scene, and the text that accompanies it, thanks to the parallel of TT 20 (Montuherkhepeshef). This allows us to link this ritual to the Pap. Ramesseum E and other antecedents of the Old and Middle Kingdom. An interpretation within the historical, religious and cultural context of the age of Hatshepsut-Thutmose III, and a possible relationship with the Middle Egypt background of the owners of TT 11 and TT 20 is also proposed.
MicroRNAs Regulate Multiple Aspects of Locomotor Behavior inDrosophila
Authors: Donelson Nathan C , Dixit Richa , Pichardo-Casas Israel , Chiu Eva Y , Ohman Robert T , Slawson Justin B , Klein Mason , Fulga Tudor A , Van Vactor David , Griffith Leslie C
Published: November 2019

Locomotion is an ancient and fundamental output of the nervous system required for animals to perform many other complex behaviors. Although the formation of motor circuits is known to be under developmental control of transcriptional mechanisms that define the fates and connectivity of the many neurons, glia and muscle constituents of these circuits, relatively little is known about the role of post-transcriptional regulation of locomotor behavior. MicroRNAs have emerged as a potentially rich source of modulators for neural development and function. In order to define the microRNAs required for normal locomotion in Drosophila melanogaster, we utilized a set of transgenic Gal4-dependent competitive inhibitors (microRNA sponges, or miR-SPs) to functionally assess ca. 140 high-confidence Drosophila microRNAs using automated quantitative movement tracking systems followed by multiparametric analysis. Using ubiquitous expression of miR-SP constructs, we identified a large number of microRNAs that modulate aspects of normal baseline adult locomotion. Addition of temperature-dependent Gal80 to identify microRNAs that act during adulthood revealed that the majority of these microRNAs play developmental roles. Comparison of ubiquitous and neural-specific miR-SP expression suggests that most of these microRNAs function within the nervous system. Parallel analyses of spontaneous locomotion in adults and in larvae also reveal that very few of the microRNAs required in the adult overlap with those that control the behavior of larval motor circuits. These screens suggest that a rich regulatory landscape underlies the formation and function of motor circuits and that many of these mechanisms are stage and/or parameter-specific.
Discursos sobre a surdez no Portal do Professor do MEC: desnaturalizando estereótipos e essencializações
Authors: Oliveira Ana Flávia Teodoro de Mendonça , Araújo Clarissa Martins de
Published: November 2019

O artigo analisa a representação cultural da surdez nos discursos midiáticos do Portal do Professor do Ministério da Educação (MEC). Este estudo busca, então, identificar os estereótipos e as possíveis essencializações existentes na produção dos docentes. Com base na perspectiva foucaultiana de análise arqueológica do discurso, foram selecionados como arquivo documentos produzidos no “Jornal do Professor”, nos “Vídeos Institucionais” e no “Espaço da aula”. Os resultados revelam que, apesar da heterogeneidade de técnicas subsidiadas pelo Portal, os discursos produzem a surdez de maneira pejorativa e estereotipada, através de terminologias como “falta/limitação”, “mudez/silêncio”, “deficiência auditiva”; enfatizam também o uso da Libras como condição para inclusão. Podemos inferir, portanto, que a representação da surdez nesses discursos continua presa à concepção clínica da deficiência, o que reforça os mitos comuns sobre os surdos. Desse modo, os professores em formação parecem representá-los como sujeitos que possuem identidade fixa, estável, estática e permanente.
Base Nacional Comum Curricular: tensões que atravessam a Educação Básica e a Educação Especial
Authors: Vieira Alexandro Braga , Hernandez-Piloto Sumika Soares de Freitas , Ramos Ines De Oliveira
Published: November 2019

Neste artigo discutem-se as tensões produzidas a partir de uma leitura crítica da Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Na primeira parte, problematizam-se ressalvas quanto à composição de currículos mínimos que dificultam que sistemas de ensino, escolas, professores e alunos estabeleçam redes de significação entre os vários conhecimentos existentes, empobrecendo o ato educativo. Além disso, tensionam-se as influências das agências internacionais, nacionais e das avaliações de larga escala que, em nome do ensino de qualidade, promovem processos de exclusão de múltiplos grupos sociais nos currículos escolares. Na segunda parte, relacionamos esse cenário aos pressupostos da educação especial, para promover linhas de análises sobre como propostas curriculares enrijecidas fortalecem a defesa da flexibilização curricular, do aumento de alunos com rótulos de deficiências e da ideia de que é preciso somente pensar nas especificidades de aprendizagem, apartadas do acesso à cultura.
Saias e blusas: invenções para aprender a multiplicar com a Matemática Moderna
Authors: Búrigo Elisabete Zardo , Da Rosa Nícolas Giovani , Da Silva Mayara Becker Oliveira
Published: November 2019

O artigo apresenta uma investigação sobre uma experiência de inovação de ensino de matemática registrada em um caderno de uma aluna que frequentou o segundo ano do curso primário do Instituto de Educação General Flores da Cunha, na cidade de Porto Alegre, no ano de 1968. Trata-se de uma abordagem da multiplicação inspirada no conceito de produto cartesiano de conjuntos e orientada para o que é denominado, atualmente, pensamento combinatório. A instituição, dedicada à formação de professores primários, ofereceu um Curso de Didática da Matemática Moderna na Escola Primária desde 1966. Por meio do cruzamento de fontes diversas, a pesquisa identifica as conexões entre a experiência registrada no caderno, os estudos promovidos no Curso e as publicações de autores engajados no movimento da Matemática Moderna. Também são tecidas considerações sobre o currículo praticado naquela escola, sobre o poder criativo da cultura escolar e sobre as ressonâncias da Matemática Moderna nas produções correntes sobre o ensino de Matemática para os anos iniciais da escolarização.
Ensino de matemática nas escolas normais primárias francesas, 1830-1848: desafios sociais e culturais para a formação de professores primários
Authors: D'Enfert Renaud , Búrigo Elisabete Zardo
Published: November 2019

No século XIX, o sistema educacional francês e o próprio ensino estavam organizados segundo as classes sociais às quais os alunos pertenciam: a escola primária constituía a escola do povo e o ensino secundário, a escola das classes abastadas. É com relação a essa dualidade escolar que este artigo enfoca o ensino de matemática ministrado nas escolas normais primárias que se desenvolveu na França, nos anos 1830, para formar os futuros professores (homens) das escolas primárias. Quais eram, precisamente, os conteúdos desse ensino? Como ele era ministrado? Com que espírito e com quais objetivos? O propósito deste artigo é mostrar como essas instituições participaram da construção de uma cultura matemática especificamente primária para assegurar a educação dos filhos do povo, distinta da cultura escolar do ensino secundário.
Revista Educação (v. 42, n. 2, 2019)
Authors: Dos Santos Andréia Mendes
Published: November 2019

Revista Educação (v. 42, n. 2, 2019)
Estereotipos sobre la población adulta mayor en tres grupos etarios de cuidadores de personas mayores dependientes
Authors: Pabón Poches Daysy Katherine , Flórez García Angie Lorena , Sanabria Vera Lina Marcela
Published: November 2019

La presencia de estereotipos en cuidadores implica efectos desfavorables para las personas adultas mayores dependientes. Objetivo. Este estudio de carácter cualitativo fenomenológico se planteó como propósito describir los estereotipos que existen hacía los adultos mayores en cuidadores de tres grupos etarios (adultos jóvenes, medios y mayores). Método. Se aplicó una entrevista semi-estructurada a 20 cuidadores de personas mayores dependientes, el reporte se analizó por medio de codificación axial utilizando las categorías de estereotipos biológicos, cronológicos, psicológicos y sociológicos. Resultados. Se identificaron estereotipos positivos y negativos en los tres grupos etarios, aunque predominan los negativos relacionados con aspectos biológicos como la pérdida y la enfermedad.
Mechanical behaviours of gas-hydrate-bearing clayey sediments of the South China Sea
Authors: Wang Lei , Li Yanghui , Shen Shi , Liu Weiguo , Sun Xiang , Liu Yu , Zhao Jiafei
Published: November 2019

To investigate the stability of gas-hydrate-bearing sediments under the seabed, many researchers have studied their mechanical behaviours, including strength and deformation characteristics. However, most researchers have focused on hydrate-bearing sand, and there are few publications on hydrate-bearing clay. In this paper, a series of experiments were conducted using remoulded gas-hydrate-bearing sediments drilled from the South China Sea whose host sediments primarily consisted of clay. The particle size, specific surface area, pore size distribution and scanning electron microscopy images of the host sediments were analysed, and triaxial tests were conducted to study their mechanical behaviours under different hydrate saturations and effective confining pressures. The results indicated that strength and stiffness increase with increasing hydrate saturation under the same effective confining pressure. The effective confining pressure could enhance the strength and stiffness at nearly the same hydrate saturation. The analysis of the Mohr circles and failure envelopes of the hydrate-bearing sediments under four different hydrate saturations revealed that the cohesion and internal friction angle increase with an increase in hydrate saturation.
Development and application of large-scale model test system for underwater shield tunnels
Authors: Yue Jin-Chao , Li Wen-Jie , Gao Pan , Zhang Shi-Xing
Published: November 2019

In order to simulate the characteristics of underwater shield tunnels, a new large-scale model test system with high water pressure and high stress loading capacity was developed. The loading control mode of the hydraulic system can perform uniform loading and gradient loading. Moreover, the vertical and horizontal hydraulic loading can reach 0·8 MPa and 1·6 MPa. The water pressure loading system has a maximum capacity of 0·5 MPa. Based on an actual project, a model test of an underwater shield tunnel lining under real soil and water pressure conditions was carried out. New segment joints of the model were developed during the model testing. The lateral pressure coefficient at rest of the model strata was slightly larger than 0·5, and close to that of the field strata. It was also found that the water pressure had a reducing effect on the soil pressure under large buried depth and high water pressure conditions. This system can mostly meet the requirements of underwater or underground engineering model tests.
Memória e Identidade docente: o professor primário em Portugal (1964 – 1974)
Authors: Lima Michelle Castro , Ferreira António Gomes , Amaral Marco Antônio Franco do
Published: November 2019

A memória, além de contribuir para a reconstituição da experiência dos professores em sua formação e em sua vida profissional, constitui-se como um importante elemento de formação de professores. Buscamos estudar as memórias dos professores primários de Coimbra-PT para uma melhor compreensão da constituição de sua identidade no período de 1964 a 1974. Realizamos entrevistas a partir de um Guião semiestruturado com 04 docentes que passaram pelos cursos de formação de professores primários e atuaram como professor primário. As pesquisas revelaram que os professores viveram um conflito entre as experiências do trabalho pedagógico e as normas estabelecidas pelo governo.
A produção cultural e literária no movimento estudantil paranaense na década de 1960
Authors: Braggio Ana Karine , Fiuza Alexandre Felipe
Published: November 2019

Este texto analisa a produção cultural levada a cabo pelo movimento estudantil paranaense, tanto por meio do vínculo aos trabalhos nacionais do Centro Popular de Cultura, como pelo movimento estudantil nacional. A metodologia da pesquisa aqui desenvolvida aliou o exame da bibliografia sobre o tema à análise da extensa documentação produzida pelas Delegacias ou Departamento de Ordem Política e Social (DOPS), principalmente na DOPS do Paraná. Objetiva-se ainda neste trabalho identificar a produção cultural dos estudantes que se relaciona à produção literária, contextualizando-a em meio aos principais objetivos e bandeiras inerentes ao movimento estudantil.
Yeni Mezun Mühendislerin Almış Oldukları Lisans Eğitimine İlişkin Görüşleri ve Mesleki Yeterlilik Algıları
Authors: KAYGISIZ ERTUĞ Zeliha , Göksel Emrah
Published: November 2019

Günümüz ekonomisi ve gelişim sürecindeki işletmeler;
üretimde bilimsel yöntemlerin kullanılması, tüketim alışkanlıklarının değişmesi
ve üretim çeşitliliğinin artmasının yanında, müşteri tercihlerinde meydana
gelen değişimlere bağlı olarak, teknolojilerini sürekli geliştirip yeni ürünler
üretmeye zorlanmıştır. Bu durum ortaya çıkan ihtiyacın karşılanmasında önemli
bir faktör olan nitelikli insan gücü teminine yönelik talebi artırmıştır. Bu
çalışmanın amacı; orta ve yükseköğretim döneminde verilen eğitimleri mezun
mühendislerin bakış açıları ile değerlendirmektir. Çalışmanın evrenini 2017
yılında, Eskişehir ilinde çalışan mühendisler oluşturmaktadır. Anketler basit
tesadüfî örnekleme yöntemiyle 142 mühendise uygulanabilmiştir. Anketin
güvenilirlik oranı %83’dür. Çalışmanın sonucunda mezun mühendislerin lisans
döneminde aldıkları teorik ve uygulamalı eğitimlerle piyasaya ilk çıktıklarında
zorlandıkları; belirli bir süre diğer çalışanlardan destek almak durumunda
kaldıkları ve arzuladıkları pozisyonlarda çalışabilmek için ilave eğitim
almaları gerektiğine inandıkları ortaya çıkmıştır.
Massively parallel long-read sequencing of single cell RNA isoforms v1
Authors: S Jabbari Jafar , Tian Luyi
Published: November 2019

This protocol describes the subsampling of 10x Chromium generated single cell GEMs after reverse transcription for cDNA amplification. The protocol enables transcriptome sequencing of full-length cDNA from a flexible number of single cells captured on Chromium using long-read sequencers such as Nanopore and PacBio, in addition to preparing short-read Illumina libraries. The protocol is compatible with 10x Single Cell 3' and 5' Gene Expression kits including feature barcoding and also other 10x compatible multiomics methodologies such as CITE-seq.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Laser System Control the Direction of Scattering Damaging Elements of the Projectile with the Defeat of Air Targets
Authors: Butuzov Vladimir V. , Koziratsky Yuriy L. , Prohorov Dmitri V. , Hilchenko Roman G.
Published: November 2019

Justified method of destruction of the aircraft-interceptor gun from the helicopter using the shell with the laser system control the direction of scattering damaging elements, an assessment of the effec-tiveness of this system
Single Particle Study by X-Ray Diffraction: Crystallographic Approach
Authors: Lunin V.Y. , Lunina N.L. , Petrova T.E.
Published: November 2019

An increase in the power of X-ray sources, in particular, the commissioning of X-ray free electron lasers, opens up the possibility of recording the diffraction by single macromolecular biological particles. These opportunities open the way to weakening, and, ideally, removal, of the main limitation of X-ray structure analysis, namely, the need to prepare the sample in the single-crystal form. However, the possibility of the practical recording of diffraction by a single particle is currently limited to a very low-resolution zone, what is one of the main obstacles in the development of this approach. This paper discusses the similarities and differences in the study of crystal samples and single particles. It is shown that the problem of the determination of the structure of a single particle can be formulated as a standard problem of biological crystallography, namely, as the problem of retrieval the electron density distribution in some unit cell from the magnitudes of its Fourier coefficients. This makes it possible to apply the entire range of the methods of biological crystallography to the study of isolated particles. At the same time, the possibility of recording continuous diffraction pattern for a single particle (as opposed to a discrete set of Bragg reflections in the case of a crystal) significantly increases the amount of information derived from the experiment. The analytical properties of the continuous diffraction pattern create a potential opportunity both to restore the structure factors phases (lost in the diffraction experiment), and to extrapolate the experimentally observed pattern onto a wider area, which allows to increase the resolution of Fourier syntheses for the electron density distribution.
Parameters of hemostatic potential in various stages of bladder cancer
Authors: Vasylaki A. , Dmytryk V. , Luhovska T. , Yakovlev P.
Published: November 2019

Bladder cancer is characterized by a high mortality rate and is the 9th most common cancerous disease in the world. With a wide array of diagnostic bases, which include cystoscopy, ultrasound, computer and magnetic resonance imaging, cytology of urine deposition, it is difficult to accurately determine the extent of development of the tumor. It is important to find molecular and biochemical predictive parameters that would be characterized by high specificity and sensitivity to the tumor development. According to modern scientific data, an imbalance in the coagulation system is observed in cancer patients, the manifestation of which is the activation of the blood clotting system. Activation of the hemostatic system is accompanied by the appearance in the bloodstream of specific markers that reflect increase the hemostatic potential of the blood, such as the level of fibrin, fibrinogen, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, activated plasma recalcification time. The results of a study of various cancers indicate an increased level of components of the plasminogen activation system, including the inhibitor of plasminogen activator-1 (PAI-1). The literature data that would indicate the prognostic significance of changes in the parameters of the blood clotting system and the proteolytic system in the blood in bladder cancer are few and have not completed. There are no data indicating the link between the studied parameters with histopathological gradation. In a detailed review of markers, it is possible to identify the optimal combination of markers of pathological processes, including the pathogenesis of oncological processes at various stages. During the study, we have investigated a significant increase in the level of fibrin, fibrinogen, and PAI-1, depending on the degree of bladder cancer. The test scores can make a significant contribution to the characterization of bladder cancer, depending on the grade according to the histopathological classification.
Молодежные бренды одежды как агенты социализации
Authors: Калуга Марина Сергеевна
Published: November 2019

В статье рассматриваются молодежные бренды одежды H&M,  United colors of Benetton, Zara как агенты социализации; на основе качественного анализа контента социальных кампаний названных  брендов выделены социальные ценности и нормы, транслируемые ими.
Образ русского купца: стереотипы и реальность
Authors: Федоркова Ирина Рудольфовна
Published: November 2019

В статье на основе анализа конкретных исторических примеров и личных путевых заметок купцов реконструирован образ русского купца-международника. Охарактеризованы значимые исторические этапы, показаны исторические персоналии (Иван Калита), повлиявшие на формировании уникального образа русского купечества. Выявлены психологические (волевые, когнитивные и др.) и социально-психологические (компетентность в общении, эффективность взаимодействия) характеристики русских купцов.
„Charyzmaty uzdrowień” i modlitwa o uzdrowienie w życiu współczesnego Kościoła
Authors: Miczyński Jan K.
Published: November 2019

Niniejszy artykuł podejmuje problematykę modlitwy o uzdrowienie i związanej z nią posługi charyzmatycznej. Omawia wyrażenie św. Pawła „charyzmaty uzdrowień” (1Kor 12,9.28.30), które wskazuje na to, że Bóg daje darmowe dary, które mają pomóc wybranym przez Niego ludziom stać się kanałami Jego uzdrawiającej łaski. Uzdrowienie z choroby ma wymiar profetyczny. Dokonuje się Bożą mocą dzięki wydarzeniu paschalnemu Chrystusa i dzięki mocy Ducha Świętego. Jest zapowiedzią ostatecznego zwycięstwa Boga nad śmiercią. Jest zapowiedzią zbawienia wiecznego. Przy tym ważne jest rozumienie, że ci, którzy pomimo modlitwy pozostają chorzy, są zaproszeni do tego, by uczestniczyć w cierpieniach Chrystusa – co również stanowi wielką Bożą łaskę. W celu mądrego posługiwania się charyzmatami związanymi z uzdrowieniami, a także w celu odpowiedzialnego prowadzenia modlitwy o uzdrowienie, potrzeba jest stosowania się do odpowiednich decyzji kościelnej władzy. Wszyscy są wezwani do tego, by tworzyć jedną wspólnotę wiary, wspólnotę Kościoła ożywianą jednym Duchem.