bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Dynamic and Thermodynamic Adsorption of Nanoparticles on Solid Surfaces by Dark‐Field Light Scattering Measurements
Authors: Hu Cho‐Chun , Lin Jia‐Ching , Tseng Wei‐Lung , Huang Ming‐Feng , Chiu Tai‐Chia , Chang Huan‐Tsung
Published: May 2015

We have constructed a dark‐field light scattering microscope using a very low‐cost digital camera to investigate the adsorption of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on four different substrates at various pH values. The substrates used are glass, polycarbonate (PC), poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The coverage of AuNPs on hydrophobic substrates such as PDMS is greater than that on hydrophilic substrates like glass. The adsorption and aggregation of AuNPs on a particular substrate increased upon decreasing the pH (from 9.0 to 4.0). A greater coverage percentage of AuNPs, but less aggregation, occurs on glass treated with poly(diallyldimethylammonium) (PDDA) than on bare glass. The scattering intensity increases upon increasing the number of layers of adsorbed AuNPs on glass that was treated sequentially with AuNPs and PDDA. When compared to UV‐Vis absorption, dark‐field microscope provides greater sensitivity and qualitative surface information.
A Non‐Phosgene Route Synthesis of Carbamate in Continuous Fixed Bed Reactor
Authors: Liang Mong , Lee Tzung‐Jan , Huang Chih‐Chiao , Lin Kun‐Yu
Published: May 2015

A non‐phosgene route synthesis of carbamate was carried out in a continuous fixed‐bed reactor through oxidative carbonylation of aniline using palladium catalysts and sodium iodide as promoter. The activity, selectivity and stability of both carbon and alumina‐supported palladium catalysts were evaluated. It was found that the alumina‐supported catalyst system exhibited a higher activity and selectivity than that of the carbon‐supported system, and an average aniline conversion of 95.6% and carbamate selectivity of 74.6% were achieved for the Se‐Pd/Al2O3 catalyst after 91 h on stream. Reclamation analysis of the spent Pd/C catalyst suggested that the deactivation was mainly due to the leaching and sintering of palladium metal and the accumulation of insoluble chemicals on catalyst support also aggravated the decline of catalyst activity. When small amounts of selenium were added to the Pd/Al2O3 catalyst, its activity, selectivity and stability were significantly improved which indicated that a promotional effect existed for carbamate formation on a Pd‐Se catalyst system.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and X‐Ray Structural Characterization of Manganese, Nickel, and Cadmium Coordination Polymers Containing 2,3‐Pyridinedicarboxylate as Multidentate Ligands
Authors: Yen Chia‐Hung , Chen Chun‐Yu , Shiu Kom‐Bei
Published: May 2015

Three divalent transiton‐metal complexes of 2,3‐pyridinedicarboxylate (2,3‐pda2), [Mn(2,3‐pda)‐(H2O)3]∞ (7), [Ni(2,3‐pda)(H2O)3]∞ (8), and [Cd2(2,3‐pda)2(H2O)]∞ (9) have been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized. X‐ray diffraction analyses reveal that compounds 7 and 8 are zigzag‐ and linear‐type one‐dimension (1D) coordination polymers, respectively, whereas compound 9 is a three‐dimension (3D) coordination polymer. A simple comparison of the coordination geometries with the available neutral analogues {Mx(2,3‐pda)x(H2O)y}∞ containing one or two divalent transition‐metal atoms and equal ligands in the presence or absence of coordinated water molecules is also presented.
Catalytic Method for Synthesis of Aspirin by a Green, Efficient and Recyclable Solid Acid Catalyst (Preyssler's Anion) at Room Temperature
Authors: Bamoharram Fatemeh F. , Heravi Majid M. , Roshani Mina , Gharib Ali , Jahangir Manouchehr
Published: May 2015

Synthesis of aspirin at room temperature via O‐acetylation of salicylic acid in the presence of Preyssler type heteropolyacids has been investigated in order to contribute toward clean technology, which is the most important need of the society. All of the catalysts are recyclable and reusable.
Synthesis and Characterization of Dinuclear Ruthenium(II) Complexes Based on 4,4′‐Bipyridyl Type Bridging Ligands
Authors: Guckian Adrian L. , Browne Wesley R. , Hjelm Johan , Vos Johannes G.
Published: May 2015

The synthesis, spectroscopic, electrochemical and photophysical characterization of a series of dinuclear ruthenium(II) complexes of the type [(bpy)2Ru(NnN)2RuCl(bpy)2](PF6)3, where NnN = 4,4′‐bipyridyl (N0N), 1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethylene (NEN), 1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethane (N2N), and 4,4′‐trimethylenedipyridine (N3N) are reported. The photophysical and electrochemical properties are discussed with particular emphasis on the ability of the bridging ligands to support intercomponent interaction.
Adsorption Characteristics of Pb(II) and Cr(III) onto C‐4‐Methoxyphenylcalix[4]Resorcinarene in Batch and Fixed Bed Column Systems
Authors: Jumina  , Sarjono Ratnaningsih Eko , Paramitha Brajna , Hendaryani Ika , Siswanta Dwi , Santosa Sri Juari , Anwar Chairil , Sastrohamidjojo Hardjono , Ohto Keisuke , Oshima Tatsuya
Published: May 2015

A study on the adsorption characteristics of Pb(II) and Cr(III) cations onto C‐4‐methoxyphenylcalix‐[4]resorcinarene (CMPCR) in batch and fixed bed column systems has been conducted. CMPCR was produced by one step synthesis from resorcinol, 4‐methoxybenzaldehyde, and HCl. The synthesis was carried out at 78 °C for 24 hours and afforded the adsorbent in 85.7% as a 3:2 mixture of C4ν:C2ν isomer. Most parameters in batch and fixed bed column systems confirm that CMPCR is a good adsorbent for Pb(II) and Cr(III), though Pb(II) adsorption was more favorable than that of Cr(III). The adsorption kinetic of Pb(II) and Cr(III) adsorptions in batch and fixed bed column systems followed a pseudo 2n order kinetics model. The rate constant of Pb(II) was higher than that of Cr(III) in the batch system, but this result was contrary to the result obtained in a fixed bed column system. Desorption studies to recover the adsorbed Pb(II) and Cr(III) were performed sequentially with distilled water and HCl, and the results showed that the adsorption was dominated by chemisorption.
Highly Sensitive and Selective Determination of Manganese in Tea Leaves by a Catalytic Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method
Authors: Fathi Mohammad Reza , Hashemi Payman , Abolhasan‐Oghly Mohammad Jafar
Published: May 2015

The catalytic effect of manganese(II) on the oxidation of barium diphenylamine sulfonate (BDAS) with potassium bromate in sulfuric acid was studied. Progress of the reaction was monitored, spectrophotometrically, by measuring absorbance changes at 547.5 nm. A highly sensitive, selective and simple method was accordingly developed for the determination of trace amounts of Mn(II), with no need for a separation or pre‐concentration step. Effects of reaction time, concentration of reagents, temperature and ionic strength on the reaction rate were studied. In the optimized conditions, manganese could be determined in a range of 1 to 60 ng mL−1 with a detection limit of 0.2 ng mL−1. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of manganese in tea leaves.
Microwave‐Assisted Oxidation of Alcohols with N,N,N′,N′‐Tetrabromobenzene‐1,3‐Disulfonamide and Poly(N‐Bromobenzene‐1,3‐Disulfonamide) under Solvent‐Free Conditions
Authors: Ghorbani‐Vaghei Ramin , Veisi Hojat , Amiri Mostafa
Published: May 2015

An efficient and mild methodology for the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols to the corresponding carbonyl functions is described with N,N,N′,N′‐tetrabromobenzene‐1,3‐disulfonamide and poly(N‐bromobenzene‐1,3‐disulfonamide) using microwave irradiation under solvent‐free conditions. Aliphatic, benzylic and allylic alcohols are rapidly oxidized without over‐oxidation to carboxylic acids. Secondary carbinols are slowly oxidized so that the reaction is highly chemoselective.
Synthesis of Some Novel 2‐Anilinothiophene, 2,3′‐Bithienyl and Thienylthiopyridine Derivatives Resistance to Penicillium Digitatum Effect the Fruit
Authors: Al‐Omran Fatima , El‐Khair Adel Abou
Published: May 2015

Reaction of benzotriazol‐1‐yl acetone 1 with phenyl isothiocyanate followed with α‐chloroacetone or ethyl‐α‐chloroacetate afforded 2‐anilinothiophenes 3 or 4, respectively. Treatment of 3 with malononitrile at different reaction conditions afforded 6 or 7. Reaction of 1 with CS2 in DMF and phenacylbromide afforded S‐alkylated thiophene 10. Reactions of the latter compound with different active methylene nitriles afforded thienylthiopyridine derivatives 14 and 15. Condensation of 10 with hydrazine hydrate afforded hydrazon derivative 16. Reaction of thiophene 17 with formamide in DMF afforded 19 which converted to N‐thienylpyrimidine 20 when treated with malononitrile. The structure of the newly synthesized compounds has been established on the basis of their analytical and spectral data. The compounds were also investigated for antibacterial and antifungal activities.
Synthesis of 5‐(6‐Pyridazinone‐3‐yl)‐2‐Glycosylamino‐1,3,4‐Oxadiazoles
Authors: Tao Jing , Wang Duo‐Zhi , Cao Ling‐Hua
Published: May 2015

N‐Glycosyl‐2‐(1,4,5,6‐tetrahydropyridazin‐6‐one‐3‐carbonyl)‐hydrazinecarbothioamides 3a‐3g and N‐glycosyl‐2‐(1,6‐dihydropyridazin‐6‐one‐3‐carbonyl)‐hydrazinecarbothioamides 5a‐5g were prepared by the reaction of glycosyl isothiocyanates with the compounds 1,4,5,6‐tetrahydro‐3‐hydrozinecarbonyl‐6‐pyridazinone (1) and 1,6‐dihydro‐3‐hydrozinecarbonyl‐6‐pyridazinone (2). The terminal heterocyclic compounds 1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivatives were obtained from cyclization of compounds (3a‐3g) and (5a‐5g) by mercuric acetate. Their structures were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, MS and elemental analyses.
Convenient, Mild and One‐Pot Synthesis of Double Schiff Bases from Three Component Reaction of Salicylaldehyde, Ammonium Acetate and Aliphatic Aldehydes Accelerated by NEt3 as a Base
Authors: Naeimi Hossein , Rabiei Khadigeh
Published: May 2015

A convenient and efficient procedure for one‐pot preparation of double Schiff bases through a three component reaction of salicylaldehyde, ammonium acetate and aliphatic aldehyde was described. In this reaction, N,N′‐bis(salicylidene)‐1,1‐diaminoalkanes was easily obtained in excellent yields and short reaction times under mild reaction condition.
Polymer‐Supported Thiocyanate as New, Versatile and Efficient Polymeric Reagent for Conversion of Alkyl Halides to Corresponding Alkyl Thiocyanates under Mild Conditions
Authors: Zarchi Mohammad Ali Karimi
Published: May 2015

Crosslinked poly(N‐methyl‐4‐vinylpyridinium)thiocyanate [P4‐Me]SCN (II) is prepared easily and is used as a new polymeric reagent for synthesis of alkyl thiocyanates from alkyl halides under mild and nonaqueous conditions. The used polymeric reagent usually can be removing quantitatively and be regenerated.
Reaction of 2,3‐Dichloro‐1,4‐Naphthoquinone with 1‐Phenylbiguanide and 2‐Guanidinebenzimidazole
Authors: El‐Shaieb Kamal M.
Published: May 2015

When 2,3‐dichloro‐1,4‐naphthoquinone (DCHNQ) (1) is allowed to react with 1‐phenylbiguanide (PBG) (2), 4‐chloro‐2,5‐dihydro‐2,5‐dioxonaphtho[1,2‐d]imidazole‐3‐carboxylic acid phenyl amide (4), 6‐chloro‐8‐phenylamino‐9H‐7,9,11‐triaza‐cyclohepta[a]naphthalene‐5,10‐dione (5) and 4‐dimethyl‐amino‐5,10‐dioxo‐2‐phenylimino‐5,10‐dihydro‐2H‐benzo[g]quinazoline‐1‐carboxylic acid amide (6) were obtained. While on reacting 1 with 2‐guanidinebenzimidazole (GBI) (3) the products are 3‐(1H‐benzoimidazol‐2‐yl)‐4‐chloro‐3H‐naphtho[1,2‐d]imidazole‐2,5‐dione (7) and 3‐[3‐(1H‐benzoimidazol‐2‐yl)‐ureido]‐1,4‐dioxo‐1,4‐dihydronaphthalene‐2‐carboxylic acid dimethylamide (8).
Prenylated Benzoic Acids and Phenanthrenes from Liparis Nakaharai
Authors: Kuo Wen‐Lung , Huang Yu‐Ling , Shen Chien‐Chang , Shieh Bor‐Jinn , Chen Chien‐Chih
Published: May 2015

Chemical investigation on the rhizoma of Liparis nakaharai resulted in the isolation of a new phenanthrene, 7‐hydroxy‐2,3,4‐trimethoxyphenanthrene (1), and three new prenylated benzoic acids, liparacids A (2), B (3), and C (4), together with four known compounds, moscatin, nudol, batatasin III, and 2,5‐dihydroxy‐4‐methoxy‐9,10‐dihydrophenanthrene. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis.
Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination of Aluminum and Iron in Micellar Media by Using the H‐Point Standard Addition Method
Authors: Zarei Kobra , Atabati Morteza , Safaei Mahnaz
Published: May 2015

A very simple spectrophotometric method for simultaneous determination of aluminum(III) and iron(III) based on formation of their complexes with pyrocatechol violet (PCV) in micellar media, using the H‐point standard addition method (HPSAM), is described. In micellar media, the metal complexes of Al‐PCV and Fe‐PCV are formed very fast. Formation of both of the complexes was complete within 5 min at pH 8.5. The linear ranges for aluminum and iron were 0.05‐2.50 and 0.10‐4.00 μg mL−1, respectively. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) for the simultaneous determination 0.40 μg mL−1 of Al(III) and 0.20 μg mL−1 of Fe(III) were 3.24% and 4.22%, respectively. Interference effects of common anions and cations were studied. The method was applied to simultaneous determination of Al(III) and Fe(III) in standard reference material and alloy samples.
FTIR, 1H NMR, ESR, TGA and DTA Analysis of Trithiocarbonates of Captopril and 6‐Mercaptopurine as Their Palladium(II) Chloride Complexes
Authors: Sharma Mukul , Koty Afraim , Srivastava Mamta , Srivastava Ashutosh
Published: May 2015

A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of the antihypertensive drug captopril and anticancer drug 6‐mercaptopurine, in their trithiocarbonate (TTC) form by using Pd(II) chloride as a coloring reagent. Captopril TTC forms a stable dark yellow colored complex with λmax 383 nm, molar absorption coefficient 1.35 × 105 l/mole/cm and a Beer's law range from 0.084‐1.26 ppm. 6‐Mercaptopurine TTC forms a stable deep yellow colored complex with λmax 345 nm, molar absorption coefficient 6.9 × 105 l/mole/cm and a Beer's law range from 0.0319 ppm to 3.519 ppm. The M: L ratio of palladium: TTC complexes were confirmed by Job's method of continuous variance and mole ratio method and was found to be 1:1 for both captopril TTC as well as 6‐mercaptopurine TTC. In addition, on the basis of, FTIR, 1H NMR, ESR and thermal analysis data a plausible structure of mononuclear Pd(II) complex of Captopril TTC and 6‐mercaptopurine TTC has been reported.
Silicon Carbide Nanostructures from Reactions between Vapors of Organochlorosilanes and Liquid of Sodium‐Factors Affecting Morphology and Composition
Authors: Wang Chia‐Hsin , Liu Wen‐Chih , Lee Chi‐Young , Chiu Hsin‐Tien
Published: May 2015

Cubic shells and spherical nanoparticles of β‐SiC were produced at 1273 K by processing the ceramic precursors formed from the reactions between vapors of organochlorosilanes, Me2SiCl2, MeSiCl3, MeSiHCl2, and PhSiCl3, and liquid Na at 523‐723 K. From Me2SiCl2, a flexible linear polycarbosilane precursor was synthesized and covered the NaCl byproduct surface to form a cubic shape. Hollow cubic β‐SiC shells were produced after the NaCl templates were removed. From MeSiCl3, a rigid cross‐linked polycarbosilane was produced and phase segregated from the NaCl byproduct. The precursor was transformed into nanoparticles without special morphology. MeSiHCl2 produced a cross‐linked polysilane precursor at low temperatures, which can be converted into a mixture of β‐SiC and Si nanoparticles. At high temperatures, the polysilane converted to polycarbosilane and produced hollow cubic β‐SiC shells. The carbon‐rich PhSiCl3 generated cube‐like particles as the final product, which contained β‐SiC and carbon.
Properties of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)‐Based Composite Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Applications
Authors: Gao Tong‐Zhai , Kandel Bishnu Sharma , Oh Sae‐Joong
Published: May 2015

The feasibility of poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)/sulfosuccinic acid(SSA)/heteropolyacid (HPA) composite membranes was investigated to apply for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC). The composite membranes were prepared by the solution casting method and their properties were examined. The FTIR spectra showed that the Keggin unit of HPA was preserved in the composite membranes and that specific interactions were involved between PVA and HPA. The composite membranes showed uniform distribution of PWA particles in the PVA/SSA/PWA composite membranes by FE‐SEM. The HPA bleeding out was observed to decrease with increasing HPA concentration. The proton conductivity of PVA/SSA/HPA composite membranes improved at low HPA concentration (5‐10 wt.%), while those properties decreased as HPA concentration increased over 10 wt.%.
Kinetic Spectrophotometric Determination of Metoprolol Tartrate in Commercial Dosage Forms
Authors: Rahman Nafisur , Haque Sk Manirul , Azmi Syed Najmul Hejaz
Published: May 2015

A kinetic spectrophotometric method has been described for the determination of metoprolol tartrate in commercial dosage forms. The procedure is based on the reaction of the drug with 1‐chloro‐2, 4‐dinitrobenzene (CDNB) in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) at 100 ± 1 °C. The reaction is investigated by measuring the change in absorbance with time at 420 nm. Fixed‐time (ΔA) and equilibrium methods are chosen for obtaining the calibration curves. Both calibration curves were found to be linear over the concentration range of 5‐60 μg mL−1. The regression analysis of calibration data resulted in the linear regression equations of ΔA = −1.608 × 10−4 + 3.96 × 10−3 C and A = 7.31 × 10−4 + 1.90 × 10−2 C for fixed time (ΔA) and equilibrium methods, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) for fixed time and equilibrium methods are 1.16 and 0.415 μg mL−1, respectively. The method has been successfully applied to the quantitation of metoprolol tartrate in commercial dosage forms. Statistical comparison of the results shows that there is no significant difference between the proposed methods and El‐Ries's spectrophotometric method.
Kinetic‐Spectrophotometric Determination of Metronidazole Benzoate in Surfactant Medium
Authors: Farhadi Khalil , Bahar Shahriyar
Published: May 2015

A kinetic method for the accurate and sensitive determination of metronidazole benzoate (MB) has been described. The method is based on the oxidation of MB with KMnO4 in alkaline medium in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). At a fixed time of 10 min, the formed magnate ion is spectrophotometrically measured at 610 nm. The determination of MB by the fixed‐concentration and rate constant method is feasible with the calibration equation obtained, but the fixed‐time method proves to be more applicable. The proposed method was successfully used for the quantitative determination of MB in suspended oral syrup after the separation of MB with a simple separation method. Beer's law was obeyed from 0.55 mgL−1 to 33 mgL−1 and the RSD% value for syrup was 3.44. The results obtained agreed with those obtained by the BP method.
Synthesis of Important New Pyrrolo[3,4‐c]Pyrazoles and Pyrazolyl‐Pyrrolines from Heterocyclic β‐Ketonitriles
Authors: Amer Fathy Abdel‐Kader , Hammouda Metwally , El‐Ahl Abdel‐Aziz Sayed , Abdel‐Wahab Bakr Fathy
Published: May 2015

Treatment of heterocyclic β‐ketonitriles 1a,b with hydrazine hydrate and phenylhydrazine afforded the hydrazine derivatives 2a‐d which cyclized in PPA into pyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrazoles 3a‐d. Reaction of 1a,b with cyanoacetohydrazide furnished the cyanoacetyl pyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrazoles 4a,b. The hydrazine 2c reacted with β‐diketone and β‐ketoesters to afford pyrazolyl‐pyrrolines 5‐7. Also the later hydrazine reacted with some D‐aldoses and aceteophenone to give the corresponding hydrazones 10‐12 and hydrazine carboxamide derivatives 15a,b respectively.
Stabilization Studies on Divalent Five‐Membered Rings C4H4C, C4H4Si, C4H4Ge, C4H4Sn, and C4H4Pb
Authors: Vessally E. , Rezaei A. , Chalyavi N. , Nikoorazm M.
Published: May 2015

Energy differences, ΔXS‐t (X = E, H and G) (ΔXS‐t = X(singlet)‐X(triplet)) between singlet (s) and triplet (t) states are calculated at B3LYP/6‐311++G (3df,2p). The DFT calculations show that the triplet state of C4H4C is a ground state with planar conformer respect to its corresponding nonplanar singlet state. Both singlet and triplet states of C4H4M (M = Si, Ge, Sn and Pb) have a planar conformer with the singlet ground state. Four isodesmic reactions are presented for determining the stability energies, SE. NICS calculations are carried out for C4H4M to determine the aromatic character.
Steroselective Hydrolysis of DL‐Beta‐Acetylthioisobutyramide Catalyzed by Genetically Engineered E. Coli Immobilized on Celite 580 in a Packed Bed Bioreactor
Authors: Shaw Shyh‐Yu , Chen Yu‐Jen , Ou Jung‐Jung , Ho Lewis
Published: May 2015

Pseudomonas putida IFO12996 catalyzes the stereoselective hydrolysis of methyl dl‐β‐acetylthioisobutyramide (dl‐ATIA) to form d‐β‐acetylthioisobutyric acid (DAT), a key intermediate for synthesis of a series of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. The esterase gene of Pseudomonas putida IFO12996 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli which was further immobilized and retained on a packed bed bioreactor filled with Celite 580. The packed bed bioreactor was used to conduct the stereoselective hydrolysis of dl‐ATIA and to give DAT with a yield of 34.5%, enantiometric excess value of 97% and enantioselectivity value > 150. The optimal pH and temperature for the reaction were 9.0 and 57 °C ∼ 67 °C, respectively. The kinetic constants (Km and Vmax) of immobilized cells were found to be 372.5 mM and 285.7 μmol min−1 (g cell)−1, respectively. The immobilized cells retained over 60% of the initial catalytic activity after 5 batch cycles of production.

This paper presents a simple, practical and economical process of immobilization of genetically engineered E. coli on a novel packed bed bioreactor for production of DAT.
N,N,N′,N′‐Tetraalkylaminoazoxybenzene Derivatives; Convenient Synthesis and Mechanistic Study
Authors: Lai Long‐Li , Chang Yi‐Ging , Hsu Hui‐Chu , Hsu Shun‐Ju , Luo Dao‐Wen
Published: May 2015

N,N,N′,N′‐tetraalkyaminoazoxybenzene derivatives were conveniently prepared by the coupling of N,N‐dialkylnitrosoaniline in the presence of acetone and KOH. The reaction mechanism was proposed and investigated, and the structure of compound 3b was also confirmed by single crystal X‐ray diffractometry.
BF3‐Oet2/Et3SiH‐Mediated Rearrangement of 4‐Aryl‐5,5‐Diphenylazapan‐4‐Ols
Authors: Chang Meng‐Yang , Kung Yung‐Hua , Chen Shui‐Tein
Published: May 2015

Synthesis of 2‐(2‐arylethyl)‐3,3‐diphenylpyrrolidines has been established starting from different 4‐aryl‐5,5‐diphenylazepan‐4‐ols via boron trifluoride etherate/triethylsilane‐mediated rearrangement.
Metal‐Sensitive Hydrothermal Synthesis and Structural Characterization of a Mixed‐Metal and Porous Coordination Polymer Containing 2,3‐Pyridinedicarboxylate
Authors: Yen Chia‐Hung , Liao Fen‐Ling , Shiu Kom‐Bei
Published: May 2015

The hydrothermal reaction of 2,3‐pyridinedicarboxylic acid (2,3‐H2pda) with a mixture of Cd(NO3)2 and Ni(NO3)2 afforded a coordination polymer, [CdNi(2,3‐pda)2(H2O)3]∞ (1); in contrast, that with a mixture of Cd(NO3)2 and Zn(NO3)2 surprisingly produced a discrete molecule, trans‐[Cd(3‐pa)2(H2O)4] (2) (3‐pa− = 3‐pyridinecarboxylate). Since a direct reaction between a single metal salt, Cd(NO3)2 or Zn(NO3)2, and 3‐pyridinecarboxylic acid (3‐Hpa) under similar hydrothermal conditions yielded different coordination polymers containing 3‐pa−, it appears that the apparently thermal decarboxylation from ligated 2,3‐pda2− to 3‐pa− occurs after complexation of both metal cations, Cd(II) and Zn(II). A new coordination mode, formed for 2,3‐pda2− in structure 1, appears to help formation of microporous channels by piling up the observed 2D hydrogen‐bonded heteropolynuclear layers. Each channel apparently consists of two interpenetrating 63 Cd(II) and Ni(II) nets.
Removal of Zn(II) Ions from Aqueous Solution Using BPHA‐Impregnated Polyurethane Foam
Authors: Ahmad Rashid , Ahmed Munir
Published: May 2015

Zn(II) ions sorption onto N‐Benzoyl‐N‐Phenylhydroxylamine (BPHA) impregnated polyurethane foam (PUF) has been studied extensively using radiotracer and batch techniques. Maximum sorption (∼98%) of Zn(II) ions (8.9 × 10−6 M) onto sorbent surface is achieved from a buffer of pH 8 solution in 30 minutes using 7.5 mg/mL of BPHA‐impregnated polyurethane foam at 283 K. The sorption data follow Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin‐Radushkevich (D‐R) isotherms. The Langmuir constants Q = 18.01 ± 0.38 μ mole g−1 and b = (5.39 ± 0.98) × 103 L mole−1 have been computed. Freundlich constants 1/n = 0.29 ± 0.01 and Cm = 111.22 ± 12.3 μ mole g−1 have been estimated. Sorption capacity 31.42 ± 1.62 μ mole g−1, β = −0.00269 ± 0.00012 kJ2 mole−2 and energy 13.34 ± 0.03 kJ mole−1 have been evaluated using D‐R isotherm. The variation of sorption with temperature yields ΔH = −77.7 ± 2.8 k J mole−1, ΔS = −237.7 ± 9.3 J mole−1 K−1 and ΔG = −661.8 ± 117.5 k J mol−1 at 298 K reflecting the exothermic and spontaneous nature of sorption. Cations like Fe(III), Ce(III), Al(III), Pb(II) and Hg(II) and anions, i.e., oxalate, EDTA and tartrate, reduce the sorption significantly, while iodide and thiocyanate enhanced the sorption of Zn(II) ions onto BPHA‐impregnated polyurethane foam.
New Phenol Glycosides from the Roots of Rhus Javanica var. Roxburghiana
Authors: Ouyang Ming‐An , Chang Chi‐I , Wein Yung‐Shung , Kuo Yueh‐Hsiung
Published: May 2015

Two new phenol glycosides, 3,4,5‐trimethoxyphenol‐1‐O‐β‐d‐glucopyranosyl‐4′,6′‐O‐(E)‐diferuloyl ester (1), 3,5‐dimethoxy‐4‐hydroxyphenylmethanol‐4‐O‐β‐d‐glucopyranosyl‐4′,6′‐O‐(E)‐diferuloyl ester (2), together with six known compounds were isolated from the n‐butanol extract of Rhus javanica var. roxburghiana and their structures were established by various spectroscopic techniques.
Ethylenebis(N‐Methylimidazolium) Chlorochromate (EBMICC): A New Selective and Mild Reagent for Oxidation of Alcohols, Hydroquinones and Trimethylsilyl Ethers
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Rahman , Tajbakhsh Mahmood , Khaledi Hamid
Published: May 2015

The ethylenebis(N‐methylimidazolium) chlorochromate was prepared by addition of N‐methylimidazole to 1,2‐dibromoethane to form the corresponding dibromide salt and subsequent treatment of this salt with CrO3 in 6N HCl solution. It is a stable yellow‐orange solid which selectively oxidized benzylic and allylic alcohols, hydroquinones and trimethylsilyl ethers in refluxing acetonitrile. Oxidation of alcohols was also examined under solvent‐free conditions and showed much better yields of the corresponding carbonyls in a very short reaction time when compared with the conventional method.
Viscosity Prediction for Oxygen, Nitrogen and Their Mixtures at Zero and Moderately Dense Regimes via Semi‐Empirically Based Assessment
Authors: Haghighi Behzad , Papari Mohammad Mehdi , Shahidi Daruish
Published: May 2015

The viscosity coefficients for the gaseous states of N2 and O2 and their mixtures are determined at zero and moderately density regimes. The Lennard‐Jones 12–6 (LJ 12–6) potential energy function is used as the initial model potential required y the technique. The interaction potential energies from the inversion procedure reproduce the viscosity commensurate to the best measurements. The initial density dependence of gaseous viscosity coefficient according to the Rainwater‐Friend theory, which was given by Najafi et al., has been considered for pure N2 and pure O2.
Simultaneous Voltammetric Determination of Lead and Tin by Adsorptive Differential Pulse Stripping Method and Orthogonal Signal Correction‐Partial Least Squares in Water Samples
Authors: Niazi Ali , Amjadi Effat , Nori‐Shargh Davood , Bozorghi Saeed Jameh
Published: May 2015

An adsorptive differential pulse stripping method for the simultaneous determination of lead and tin is proposed. The procedure involves an adsorptive accumulation of lead and tin on a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE), followed by oxidation of adsorbed lead and tin by voltammetric scan using differential pulse modulation. The optimum experimental conditions are: 0.2 mol L−1 HNO3, accumulation potential of −900 mV versus Ag/AgCl, accumulation time of 200 s, scan rate of 20 mV s−1 and pulse height of 80 mV. Lead and tin peak currents were observed in the same potential region at about −400 mV. The simultaneous determination of lead and tin by using voltammetry is a difficult problem in analytical chemistry, due to voltammogram interferences. The resolution of a mixture of lead and tin by the application of orthogonal signal correction‐partial least squares (OSC‐PLS) was performed. The linear dynamic ranges were 0.003‐0.35 and 0.008‐0.50 μg mL−1 and detection limits were land 3 ng mL−1 for lead and tin, respectively. The RMSEP for lead and tin with OSC and without OSC were 2.8737, 6.0557 and 8.0941, 9.5151, respectively. The capability of the method for the analysis of real samples was evaluated by the determination of lead and tin in water samples with satisfactory results.
Resolution of Overlapped Capillary Electrophoresis Peaks by Using Heuristic Evolving Latent Projections to Quantify Chloroquine Phosphate and Promethazine Hydrochloride
Authors: Jiao Long , Wang Kang , Zhang Fang , Li Hua
Published: May 2015

Chloroquine phosphate and promethazine hydrochloride are two main components in compound reserpine tablets. It is difficult to separate the two compounds with capillary electrophoresis (CE). Heuristic evolving latent projections (HELP) is a chemometric algorithm which is suitable for resolving overlapped peaks from CE and HPLC. In this paper, HELP was applied to resolving the completely overlapped peaks of chloroquine phosphate and promethazine hydrochloride from CE. Mathematical separation and satisfactory quantification results can be achieved easily without too much time involved in the procedure.
Calculation of Negative Ions of B, C, N, O and F Using Noninteger n Slater Type Orbitals
Authors: Guseinov I. I. , Ertürk M. , Şahin E. , Aksu H. , Bağcı A.
Published: May 2015

Combined Hartree‐Fock‐Roothaan calculations have been performed using noninteger n Slater type orbitals for the ground states of the lowest electron configurations 1s22s22pn (2 ≤ n ≤ 6) for negative ions of B, C, N, O and F. These results are compared with the corresponding results obtained from the use of integer n Slater type orbitals. All of the nonlinear parameters are fully optimized. The results of calculation of coupling‐projection coefficients, orbital and total energies and virial ratios are presented. It is shown that the noninteger n Slater type orbitals, in general, improve the orbital energies.
Studies on the Electrochemical Properties of Amphiphilic Ferrocenylimines Compounds
Authors: Liu Ping‐Ping , Mu Bing , Li Tie‐Sheng , Ye Bao‐Xian , Wu Yang‐Jie
Published: May 2015

A series of amphiphilic ferrocenylimine compounds (four amphiphilic ferrocenylimines and four corresponding palladium complexes) were synthesized and their electrochemical characters were also investigated in detail. The results revealed that the redox of ferrocene derivatives was assumed by the ferrocene group and affected by substituent groups. Some effect rules were discovered and are described here. Moreover, the dynamics parameters of the electrode process were detected by several electrochemistry techniques.
Determination of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Coastal and River Sediments by Pressurized Liquid Extraction Coupled with Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Jhong Yin‐Ju , Ding Wang‐Hsien
Published: May 2015

This study presents a time‐ and solvent‐saving method, pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), to extract polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in sediment samples. The effects of various operating parameters (i.e., extraction solution, temperature, pressure, static/dynamic extraction times) for the quantitative extraction of PBDEs by home‐made PLE were systematically investigated and optimized. The analytes were then identified and quantitated by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. The 16 PBDE congeners (from tri‐ to deca‐BDE) can be completely extracted by dichloromethane: n‐hexane (3/2, v/v) at 100 °C and 100 atm combined with 15 min static and then 15 min dynamic extraction steps. Recovery of PBDEs in spiked sediment samples ranged from 52 to 104% with 2‐16% RSD, except for BDE‐206. Limits of quantitation (LOQ) were established between 4 and 400 pg/g (dry weight) in 10 g of sediment sample. The extraction efficiency of the PLE was also compared with the traditional Soxhlet extraction method. The total contents of PBDEs ranged from 8.0 to 37.9 ng/g (dry weight) in various river and coastal sediment samples in Taiwan. Deca‐BDE (BDE‐209) was the major PBDE detected in these sediment samples.
Partition Coefficient Prediction of a Large Set of Various Drugs and Poisons by a Genetic Algorithm and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Riahi Siavash , Beheshti Abolghasem , Mohammadi Ali , Ganjali Mohammad Reza , Norouzi Parviz
Published: May 2015

A quantitative structure‐property relationship (QSPR) was developed using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) modeling to study partition coefficients (LogP) of various drugs and poisons. A set of 197 drugs and poisons were selected and suitable sets of molecular descriptors were calculated. A genetic algorithm was used to select important molecular descriptors and a supervised ANN was applied to correlate the selected descriptors with the experimental values of LogP. The developed model indicates that molecular branching and mass, polar parts and volume of molecule can be used to predict the partition coefficient of drugs and poisons. The described model does not require experimental parameters and potentially provides useful prediction for LogP of new drugs and poisons. For genetic algorithm neural network methods, the standard errors of calibration, test and prediction were 2.94, 2.84 and 4.38%, respectively. The predicted LogP values were compared with those obtained previously via other models on the same subject and the comparison clearly revealed the superiority of the proposed model over other models.
Conductance and Thermodynamic Study of the Complexation of Ammonium Ion with Different Crown Ethers in Binary Nonaqueous Solvents
Authors: Khayatian Golamreza , Karoonian Fatemeh Salehi
Published: May 2015

A conductance study of the interaction between ammonium ion and 18‐Crown‐6 (18C6), dicyclohexano‐18‐crown‐6 (DC18C6), ditertbutyl‐dicyclohexano‐18‐crown‐6 (t‐bu)2DC18C6, diaza‐15‐crown‐5 (DA15C5), dibenzo‐21‐crown‐7 (DB21C7) and N‐Phenylaza‐15‐crown‐5 (NPA15C5) in acetonitril‐di‐methylsulfoxide mixture was carried out at various temperatures. The formation constants of the resultant 1:1 complexes were determined from the molar conductance‐mole ratio data and found to vary in the order of DA15C5 > DC18C6 > 18C6 > (t‐bu)2DC18C6 > DB21C7 > NPA15C5.

The enthalpy and entropy of the complexation reactions were determined from the temperature dependence of the formation constants.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Studies of Some Quinolinylpyrimidine Derivatives
Authors: Munawar Munawar Ali , Azad Muhammad , Siddiqui Hamid Latif , Nasim Faiz‐Ul‐Hassan
Published: May 2015

The quinolinylpyrimidine derivatives were prepared by the condensation of quinolinyl chalcones with urea (or thiourea) under basic conditions by using both conventional and microwave heating. Their IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectra and CHN analyses confirmed the prepared compounds. The newly prepared quinolinylpyrimidine derivatives were screened for antimicrobial activities against the bacterial strains viz. S. aureus, Shigella, Salmonela, P. aeroginosa, B. Subtilus and E. coli and found considerably active against S. aureus, P. aeroginosa and E. coli.
Reactions of Hydrazonoyl Halides 571: Reactions of 1‐Bromo‐2‐(5‐Chlorobenzofuranyl)Ethanedione‐1‐Phenylhydrazone
Authors: Abdelhamid Abdou O. , El‐Ghandour Ahmed H. , El‐Reedy Ahmed A. M.
Published: May 2015

Pyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrazole‐4,6‐diones, pyrazoles, pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyridazines, and pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidines were prepared via 1‐bromo‐2‐(5‐chlorobenzofuran‐2‐yl)ethanedione‐1‐phenylhydrazone with N‐arylmalemides and active methylene. All newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis and spectral data.
The Preparation of (8‐Hydroxyquinolinato)Bis(2‐Phenylpyridyl)Iridium Complexes and Their Photophysical Properties
Authors: Huang Duo‐Fong , Chow Tahsin J. , Wu Cheng‐Yang , Sun Shih‐Sheng , Tsai Sheng‐Heng , Wen Yuh‐Sheng , Polosan Silviu , Tsuboi Taiju
Published: May 2015

Four derivatives of the titled compounds, (8‐hydroxyquinoline)bis(2‐phenylpyridyl)iridium (IrQ(ppy)2), were prepared. Two of them were confirmed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses, in which solvent molecules were found to be incorporated in the crystal lattices. Their emission spectra display separated dual bands in de‐aerated solutions at about 515 and 645 nm upon excitation. These green and red emissions are attributed to the triplet metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer (3MLCT) and triplet ligand centered (3LC) transitions in Ir(ppy)2 and IrQ, respectively. It is suggested that such a multiple emission is feasible by nearly orthogonal orientation between the ppy and quinoline ligands in the mixed‐ligand Ir‐compounds which prohibits energy transfer between the two different ligands. The electroluminescence (EL) of these compounds was examined by the fabrication of light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). Unlike the spectra in solutions, their EL spectra displayed only the red emission band. Devices displaying white light can be obtained by mixing the red emission of IrQ(ppy)2 with a compatible blue emitter (NPB) in separated layers.
Low‐Molecular Weight and Oligomeric Components in Secondary Organic Aerosol from the Photooxidation of p‐Xylene
Authors: Huang Ming‐Qiang , Zhang Wei‐Jun , Hao Li‐Qing , Wang Zhen‐Ya , Zhao Wen‐Wu , Gu Xue‐Jun , Fang Li
Published: May 2015

A laboratory study was performed to investigate the composition of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) products from photooxidation of the aromatic hydrocarbon p‐xylene. The experiments were conducted by irradiating p‐xylene/CH3ONO/NO/air mixtures in a home‐made smog chamber. The aerosol time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS) was used to measure the size and the chemical composition of individual secondary organic aerosol particles in real‐time. According to a large number of single aerosol diameters and mass spectra, the size distribution and chemical composition of SOA were determined statistically. Experimental results showed that aerosol created by p‐xylene photooxidation is predominantly in the form of fine particles, which have diameters less than 2.5 μm (i.e. PM2.5), and aromatic aldehyde, unsaturated dicarbonys, hydroxyl dicarbonys, and organic acid are major product components in the SOA after 2 hours photooxidation. After aging for more than 8 hours, about 10% of the particle mass consists of oligomers with a molecular mass up to 600 daltons. The possible reaction mechanisms leading to these products are also proposed.
The Chemistry of Stable Silabenzenes
Authors: Tokitoh Norihiro , Wakita Keiji , Matsumoto Takeshi , Sasamori Takahiro , Okazaki Renji , Takagi Nozomi , Kimura Masahiro , Nagase Shigeru
Published: May 2015

Stable silabenzenes (1a; R = Tbt, 1b; R = Bbt) were synthesized by taking advantage of extremely bulky and efficient steric protection groups, 2,4,6‐tris[bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl]phenyl (Tbt) and 2,6‐bis‐[bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl]‐4‐[tris(trimethylsilyl)methyl]phenyl (Bbt). The structure of Tbt‐substituted 1a was determined by X‐ray crystallographic analysis, which demonstrated the complete delocalization of the π‐electrons of the silabenzene ring. It was found that silabenzene 1a reacted with C–C and C–O multiple bond compounds to give the corresponding [4+2]‐cycloadducts via 1,4‐addition, while 1a underwent both 1,2‐ and 1,4‐additions by the reaction with methanol. Silabenzene 1a dimerized very gradually to afford its [4+2]‐dimer, although 1b showed no change under the same conditions. Photochemical reaction of 1a gave the corresponding silabenzvalene isomer instead of the Dewar silabenzene isomer.
Direct Preparation of Metal Ions‐Doped Manganese Oxide by Cyclic Voltammetry
Authors: Ding Ke‐Qiang
Published: May 2015

In this work, for the first time, copper ions(II) and cobalt ions(II) were successfully electrodepositioned into manganese oxide by cyclic voltammetry (CV), respectively. The results obtained from energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX) testified that copper ions and cobalt ions were doped into manganese oxide, and the images, taken from scan electron spectroscopy (SEM) also proved that the morphology of the resultant MnO2 was altered by the doped metal ions to some extent. Interestingly, specific capacitance, obtained by cyclic voltammograms (CVs), for the metal ions‐doped MnO2 exhibited a higher value compared to the non‐doped MnO2. Developing a novel and simple method to generate the metal ions‐doped MnO2 to improve the characteristics of MnO2 is the main contribution of this work.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Esomeprazole Magnesium in Commercial Tablets Using 5‐Sulfosalicylic Acid and N‐Bromosuccinimide
Authors: Rahman Nafisur , Bano Zehra , Azmi Syed Najmul Hejaz
Published: May 2015

Two simple, sensitive and economical spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the determination of esomeprazole magnesium in commercial dosage forms. Method A is based on the reaction of esomeprazole magnesium with 5‐sulfosalicylic acid in methanol to form a yellow product, which absorbs maximally at 365 nm. Method B utilizes the reaction of esomeprazole magnesium with N‐bromosuccinimide in acetone‐chloroform medium to form α‐bromo derivative of the drug peaking at 380 nm. Under the optimized experimental conditions, Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration ranges of 2‐48 and 10‐100 μg mL−1 with molar absorptivity of 2.11 × 104 and 4.57 × 104L mol−1 cm−1 for methods A and B, respectively. The limits of detection for methods A and B are 0.35 and 0.46 μg mL−1, respectively. No interference was observed from excipients commonly present in tablet formulations. Methods A and B are successfully applied to the commercial tablets for the estimation of esomeprazole magnesium with good accuracy and precision. The results compare favorably with the reference spectrophotometric method indicating no significant difference between the methods compared.
Detection of Chitinolytic Enzymes in Ipomoea Batatas Leaf Extract by Activity Staining after Gel Electrophoresis
Authors: Liau Chun‐Yi , Lin Chung‐Sheng
Published: May 2015

A non‐denatured SDS‐PAGE followed by in‐gel activity staining using embedded glycol chitin as a substrate was used to identify the proteins with chitinolyitc activities from sweet potato leaf extract. At least two chitinase activity zones can be clearly identified on the gel at positions with estimated molecular weights of 54.1∼55.6 kDa and 39.6 kDa. Furthermore, our data also indicate that the activity of the larger one can withstand the standard SDS‐PAGE sample preparation. Both of these chitinases, however, are different from that of the previously identified chitinase in sweet potato leaves, which has a molecular weight of 16 kDa. By using an embedded substrate, our method has superior sensitivity in detecting chitinases with higher molecular weights. It is a simple, affordable way and may aid in the future discovery of new chitinases.
Influences of Seven Taiwan‐Produced Adulterants on Gas Chromatographic‐Mass Spectrometric (GC‐MS) Urinalysis of Amphetamines
Authors: Chou Su‐Lien , Ling Yong‐Chien , Yang Mo‐Hsiung , Giang Yun‐Seng
Published: May 2015

This study was conducted to better understand the influences exerted by seven Taiwan‐produced adulterants on the forensic gas chromatographic‐mass spectrometric (GC‐MS) confirmatory urinalysis of amphetamines. The results verified that, when added at 5‐15% (w/w), chlorine bleach would lower the GC‐MS outcomes of the spiked and case specimens by 36‐63%, and was most likely to cause false negatives. Liquid soap, potassium dichromate, soda water for drinking, and tap water would decrease the GC‐MS outcomes by 9‐29%, 8‐20%, 8‐20%, and 5‐16%, respectively, and also had the risk of negating near‐cutoff initial positives into false confirmatory negatives. The negative‐directing effects were mostly due to degradation of analytes and/or deactivation of the derivatizing agent by oxidizing adulterants and/or dilution of analytes by the added liquid. Alum and table salt added as powder had little impact on the test. Responsible institutions and relevant laboratories should face the facts seriously and include the specimen validity testing (SVT) battery in the routine drug testing procedures.
Studies on Liquid‐Liquid Extraction and Recovery of Bismuth(III) from Succinate Media Using 2‐Octylaminopyridine in Chloroform
Authors: Mane Chandrashekhar P. , Anuse Mansing A.
Published: May 2015

A procedure is described for the liquid‐liquid extraction and recovery of bismuth(III) from succinate solution using 2‐octylaminopyridine (2‐OAP) as an extractant. The quantitative extraction of bismuth(III) occurs from 0.004 to 0.007 M sodium succinate solution of pH 2.5‐10 using 0.036 M 2‐OAP in chloroform. The extracted metal ion has been recovered by stripping with (3 × 10 mL) 0.5 M nitric acid. The log‐log plot of distribution ratio versus succinate concentration and distribution ratio versus 2‐OAP concentration gave slopes of 2.0 and 0.9, respectively, indicating a metal‐succinate ratio of 1:2 and a metal: 2‐OAP ratio of 1:1.

The ion pair complex has a high distribution ratio in chloroform, while other solvents are poor. The extractants are stable towards prolonged acid contacts and there is no loss in its extraction efficiency even after recycling ten times. The extraction behaviour of some commonly associated metal ions, namely Ga(III), Cd(II), Zn(II), Cr(VI), Cu(II), Ba(II), Sb(III), Sn(IV), Tl(I) and Pb(II), has also been investigated. Based on partition data, conditions have been identified for attaining some separations of bismuth(III) from other metal ions; these conditions are extended for the recovery of pure bismuth from ore and alloys. Thermodynamic quantities for the extraction process were calculated.
Bioactive Components from the Mycelium of Antrodia Salmonea
Authors: Shen Chien‐Chang , Lin Chwan‐Fwu , Huang Yu‐Ling , Wan Shr‐Ting , Chen Chin‐Chu , Sheu Sen‐Je , Lin Yi‐Chin , Chen Chien‐Chih
Published: May 2015

Three new compounds, 2,4‐dimethoxy‐6‐methylbenzene‐1,3‐diol (1), salmoquinone (2), and 3‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐4‐isobutyl‐1H‐pyrrole‐2,5‐dione (3), together with six known compounds, 2‐methoxy‐6‐methyl‐p‐benzoquinone (4), 2,3‐dimethoxy‐5‐methyl‐p‐benzoquinone (5), 2‐hydroxy‐5‐methoxy‐3‐methyl‐p‐benzoquinone (6), eburcoic acid (7), fomefficinic acid C (8), and a pyrroledione (9), were isolated from the mycelium of Antrodia salmonea. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectrometric analyses including IR, NMR, and MS. Among these compounds, 4 and 5 exhibited cytotoxicity against KB, HepG2, and H2058 cell lines.
Efficient, Convenient and Mild Three‐Component Template Preparation and Characterization of Some New Schiff Base Complexes
Authors: Naeimi Hossein , Barzoky Maryam Nejati
Published: May 2015

A few kinds of novel Schiff base complexes have been prepared by three‐component reaction of the substituted hydroxyacetophenone with several aliphatic diamines and transition metals such as; Cu(II), Co(II), Mn(II), Zn(II) and UO2(II) under mild reaction conditions. The products have been afforded with excellent yields and appropriate reaction times. The structures of these ligands have been characterized by their IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS spectral and physical data.