bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of the formation of the on-screen communicative personality of a higher school teacher
Authors: Shesterina A. M. , Kopylova O. Y.
Published: November 2024

Importance. The development of audiovisual communication channels in the field of higher education pedagogy makes the issue of forming an effective on-screen image of a teacher and scientist relevant. Building a communicative personality according to screen canons becomes especially significant in the field of distance teaching activities. This study aims to identify the most significant parameters of a teacher’s on-screen communicative personality.

Materials and Methods. Based on the analysis of the “Open Education” project of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, the constant components of a communicative personality transmitted by higher education teachers and ensuring the effectiveness of communication with course students are specified. The research material is audiovisual content of 1540 project programs. The study’s chronological scope is 2023-2024. To achieve the research goals, comparative typological and textological methods, as well as the method of content analysis, are used.

Results and Discussion. It is established that the on-screen communicative personality of a higher school teacher’s constant parameters include qualities that develop the status of an expert, namely: the use of dress code standards for a university teacher, exact correspondence of the content of the speech to the stated topic, dominance of the scientific style, pronounced pausing, rich intonation, moderate facial expressions and gestures. Variable attractive parameters include qualities that correlate with the characteristics of network communication: intimate communication, personification, personalisation, game implementation, and a philosophical sense of humour. The qualities that distinguish the communicative personality of a higher school teacher on the screen from the same personality in the audience include a reduction in the frequency of manifestations of the mentoring tone and the absence of edifying elements.

Conclusion. The study establishes that effective modelling of an on-screen communicative personality is based on both constant and variable parameters. The former allow the teacher to develop a sense of expertise and compliance with the status of a university teacher, while the latter individualise the learning process.
Social and pedagogical risks of the young people’s upbringing in conditions of spreading values and manifestos of mass culture
Authors: Mosina O. A. , Kulishov V. V.
Published: November 2024

Importance. The new educational paradigm is aimed not only at improving educational practices, but also at promoting sociocultural practices that influence students’ life orientations. The relation ship between the social institution of education and leading modern trends and attitudes is obvious, which in turn initiated the presented research. The purpose of the research is to examine the risks of the values and manifestos of mass culture influence on the formation of modes of modern youth behavior and to determine the directions of social and pedagogical activities aimed at counteract ing the deviantogenic influence of agents of mass culture.

Materials and Methods. The dialectical, historical-retrospective and axiological research meth ods, as well as the method of reconstructing social reality are used.

Results and Discussion. It is revealed that a set of new formations of life orientations plays a sig nificant role in the formation of an individual’s behavior and determines its development, which confirms the significance of studying personal values and orientations in order to understand hu man behavior and personality development in general.

Conclusion. The complex modern social situation creates uncertainty in matters of personality formation and determining the vector of development of the younger generation in the conditions of an educational organization. To overcome this circumstance, it is necessary to develop a com prehensive pedagogical understanding of the polysystemic organization of a person (adolescent), where the main guideline will be his movement towards himself, towards self-realization and self actualization.
Implementation of innovative educational technologies in the educational process to develop students’ creative activity experience
Authors: Voronina V. Yu. , Fortova L. K.
Published: November 2024

Importance. Current conditions of society’s development initiate the introduction of new educa tional tasks at school; supposedly, education must include both knowledge development and the development of creative activity experience. Consequently, it is recommended to enrich the proc ess of education by the implementation of innovative educational technologies. Thus, a new think ing and creative approach to problem-solving among students would be formed. The purpose of the study is to develop students’ creative abilities through the implementation of innovative educa tional technologies in the educational process.

Materials and Methods. The choice of research methods is determined by the peculiarities of studying the historical and pedagogical process. This specificity has identified the following meth ods as fundamental: analysis of psychological, pedagogical and methodological literature, synthe sis, comparison, included observation, generalization of the data obtained.

Results and Discussion. Innovative technologies implementation creates plenty of possibilities for both teachers and students. Teachers can solve different educational tasks, and students can solve problems on their own through trial and error and reach their goals, which prerequisites the forma tion of creative qualities of personality. The use of such methods has a positive influence on stu dents because it develops their creative abilities, independence, activity, logical thinking, builds their self-confidence, and helps to get rid of stereotypes and barriers. Innovative technologies im plementation adds necessary emotions and creates an atmosphere for productive work.

Conclusion. The application of innovative technologies in educational process contributes to the expansion of students’ general cultural outlook; the development of their intellectual and creative abilities, research and organizational skills, business and communicative qualities; the formation of value orientations, civic mindedness and skills of life in society.
The development of relations between “model communes” and the peasantry using the example of the “Ira” commune (named after V.I. Lenin) in the Tambov Gubernia in the 1920s
Authors: Nikolashin V. P. , Ruban N. B. , Yukhachev S. P.
Published: November 2024

Importance. The analysis of farm and social relations of peasants with “model communes” on the example of the “Ira” commune, situated in the Kirsanov county of Tambov Gubernia, is carried out. The purpose of the study is to analyse the attributes of relations of peasantry and collective farms that used to gain the most of the Soviet government’s support in the village, including the most advanced and economically efficient. The relevance of studying the highlighted issue relies on the importance of using the unique practical experience of “model communes” activity.

Materials and Methods. The study uses published and unpublished research, including the most valuable historical sources and materials in the funds of the State Archive of the Tambov Region and the State Archive of Social and Political History of the Tambov Region. For this purpose, general scientific methods and special methods of historical research have been used.

Results and Discussion. The influence of the “Ira” “model commune” on its population is demonstrated with concrete examples. The main forms of communication are highlighted, from field trips to demonstration fields to talks and movie screenings in the clubhouse. The research uses examples to show how collective farming culturally affects the peasants.

Conclusion. The role of “model communes” of new economic period in a traditional village’s progressive socio-economic transformation in innovating established peasant norms and practices is highlighted. On the example of the “Ira” commune it’s sociocultural and farm influence is revealed.
Moving From “Good” to “Great” SoTL: The Importance of Describing Your Research Epistemological and Ontological Traditions in Your SoTL Scholarship
Authors: Hamilton Melanie , MCollum Brett
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the metaphor of the “Big Tent” in the context of the scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL), highlighting the metaphor’s limitations in capturing the complexities and tensions within the scholarly community. This paper delves into the conflicts arising from differing methodologies, epistemological stances, and disciplinary boundaries, viewing them as manifestations of intellectual vigor rather than weaknesses. The paper emphasizes the role of academic training in shaping our perceptions and biases towards educational research and underscores the need for acknowledging these biases in order to foster meaningful dialogue and bridge the diversity in SoTL. We revisit past research on the principles of good practice in SoTL and the shifted focus from “students” to “learners,” acknowledging faculty as perpetual learners in improving teaching practices. The paper proposes an additional principle to elevate SoTL from “good” to “great”: the explicit identification of our SoTL lens. This involves acknowledging our biases, disciplinary perspectives, and methodological preferences in order to enhance the transparency and richness of scholarly conversations. The paper concludes with a call to embrace self-awareness and invites others to do the same, aiming to refine our collective vision and make SoTL endeavors not just inclusive but truly transformative.
Impact of Trade Integration on Poverty Reduction in ECOWAS
Authors: Afolabi Akinyemi Christopher , Ndamsa Dickson Thomas
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the impact of trade integration on poverty reduction in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). To investigate the impact of trade integration on poverty reduction, data for all fifteen member countries of ECOWAS on the number of poor people, bilateral trade, trade openness, exchange rate, foreign direct investment, interest rate, inflation rate, and import tariff were collected from the World Bank, WTO, IMF and WDIs from 2010 to 2019. After various tests, heteroscedasticity was found to be present. Therefore, to address this problem, the Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) method was used to examine the aforementioned impacts. The results showed that trade openness, bilateral trade, exchange rate, and import duties significantly impact poverty. The results indicated that trade integration is significant in reducing poverty within ECOWAS. The study recommends measures to enhance the effectiveness of trade integration as it has an important impact on reducing poverty in the region. First, ECOWAS should implement policies to support smaller countries in improving their productive capacities to compete effectively within the region. Secondly, harmonization of exchange rates by creating a common currency would facilitate smoother trade flows and contribute to poverty reduction. Member countries should prioritize trade with other ECOWAS nations, implement policies to ensure that foreign investments benefit the local economies, and focus on exporting finished goods rather than raw materials to create employment opportunities and support poverty reduction efforts.
Budget Institutions and Macro-Fiscal Forecast Errors in Sub-Saharan Africa: Indicator-Level Analysis
Authors: Alade Adekunle Sarafa , Kilishi Abdulhakeem Abdullahi
Published: November 2024

The annual fiscal budget of any economy gives projections about key economic indicators. Forecasts of these key variables are often at variance with actual realisations at the end of the fiscal year, thereby inducing animal spirits in Sub-Saharan Africa. Past studies focused on the roles of budget institutions and considered only two indicators of budget institutions- centralization and rules and control, thereby ignoring other indicators- transparency, comprehensiveness, and credibility and sustainability indices. This study therefore investigated the roles of budget institutions on macro-fiscal forecast errors, using all existing indicators of budget institutions in SSA. This study was based on rational expectations theory. Empirical models were formulated for growth, inflation, and fiscal balance forecast errors. A panel of data that spanned 2006 to 2021 for 43 countries was gathered. Forecast values were estimated from country’s annual budget speeches, World Development Indicators and Fiscal Space Database. Indices of various indicators of budget institutions were constructed using information from the Collaborative African Budget Reforms Initiative (CABRI), Open Budget Index of the International Business Partnership (IBP) and Public Expenditure and Financial Analysis (PEFA). The models were estimated using GMM System) estimation technique. Estimated results show that only budget procedural rules and credibility and sustainability indices have significant and negative effect on fiscal balance forecast error. No evidence was found that growth and inflation forecast errors were influenced by budget institutions. The implication of this finding is that fiscal budgets based on established procedures and with some level of credibility and sustainability matter for reducing fiscal balance forecast error.
Механіка транспортувальних пристроїв виробів у зону друку тамподрукарських машин
Authors: Гриценко Дмитро
Published: November 2024

Комплексно досліджено кулачкові механізми періодичного повороту для привода транспортувальних пристроїв виробів у зону друку тамподрукарських машин. Проведені дослідження наявного устаткування дали можливість створити класифікацію тамподрукарського устаткування та визначити критерії порівняння механізмів періодичного повороту.
Виконано аналітичні дослідження кінематичних і динамічних характеристик привода крокового транспортувального пристрою, які підтверджені експериментальними дослідженнями, запропоновано методику визначення похибки положення вантажонесучих ланок відносно друкувальних елементів.
Проведені аналітичні дослідження кулачкового механізму періодичного повороту та комп’ютерне моделювання дали можливість отримати геометричні розміри кулачкового механізму із забезпеченням точного відтворення заданих параметрів виконавчими ланками.
Для науковців, викладачів, аспірантів, студентів поліграфічних та машинобудівних спеціальностей закладів вищої освіти, а також працівників поліграфічної та машинобудівної промисловості.
ON THE MECHANISM OF ICE MELTING
Authors: Malafayev Nikolay , Gaponova Olena , Shkolnikova Tetiana
Published: November 2024

Based on the theory of the Jahn-Teller effect (JTE), a model of a possible mechanism of ice melting is proposed. The increase in the heat capacity of ice near 0 ⁰C by 1.5 times, compared with the Dulong and Petit law, suggests that the initial excitation of rotational vibrational modes of water molecules occurs in it. First, the excitation of the rotational low-frequency mode occurs, then the excitation of the intermediate mode. The effect of mode coupling and instability of rotational modes of molecule vibrations at an intermediate rotational frequency is associated with the presence of a connection between all low-frequency and high-frequency rotational modes of the molecule through the Euler equations. Therefore, excitation of the intermediate frequency in ice leads to the possibility of excitation of all rotational vibrational modes, which occurs in it at a temperature of 0 ⁰C after it receives the heat of fusion. Excitation of rotational vibrational modes leads to the emergence of possibilities for the addition of vibrational modes and their synchronization. The increase in the amplitude of rotational oscillations, the convergence of the frequencies of their oscillation modes and their subsequent synchronization leads to the appearance of rotations of hydrogen atoms of a water molecule around their axes of intermolecular bonds, to a stable bending of hydrogen bonds and their subsequent weakening in water. As a result of this weakening of the bond forces, we have a decrease in the rotational frequencies of oscillations for water molecules and their local charges. As a result of this decrease in frequencies, oscillations of local charges of water molecules become less radiating and less damped. Therefore, in the liquid phase of water, these rotational oscillation modes become new undamped independent oscillation modes of its molecules. The appearance of new oscillation modes in molecules leads to a doubling of the heat capacity of water compared to ice. Excitation of all three of its rotational oscillation modes during melting of ice leads to the appearance of an anomalously large value of the heat of fusion.
MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF THE INTEGRATED RESEARCH OF THE DRILLING RIG IN EXAMPLES OF WELL PRODUCTIVITY RESTORATION
Authors: Pelypenko Oleksiy , Savyk Vasyl , Bukhkalo Svetlana , Aheicheva Oleksandra
Published: November 2024

The materials of the article consider examples of opportunities for determining the goals of integrated research of clogged drilling rigs. The reasons for the decrease in permeability, which occurs during the construction and operation of the well, are analyzed. The reasons for the decrease in the permeability of the bottom-hole zone of reservoir rocks, which occur in the process of drilling, cementing, secondary opening and development of wells, have been determined. The main principles of development, analysis and implementation of recovery processes using modern highly effective science-based technologies, for example, synergistic processes with hard-to-extract oil reserves, were studied as a criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of integrated research. Integrated studies are defined as from types of classification-identification analysis, general concepts and requirements to types of methodology for determining quality indicators and their evaluation through the selection of analysis algorithms and calculations at various stages of production. The analysis of mathematical models of improving the quality of integrated drilling rig research due to the use of new working agents and technology improvement was carried out.
DETERMINATION OF THE RISKS OF ADVERSE IMPACT ON THE POPULATION OF NITRATES IN PLANT PRODUCTS GROWN IN THE TERRITORY OF THE NORTHERN INGULETSK MINING AND PROCESSING COMPLEX
Authors: Chernushenko Elena , Kolesnikov Illya
Published: November 2024

Важливим завданням у галузі експертизи харчової безпеки є забезпечення якості рослинної сировини та виробництво безпечної харчової продукції. Проведення досліджень на вміст нітратів у рослинницькій продукції місцевого виробництва є актуальним особливо у промислових регіонах. Багато досліджень вчених щодо впливу нітратів і нітритів на людину доводять, що вони є одним із джерел загрози здоров'ю людей. Наведено порівняльні характеристики на вміст нітратів у рослинній продукції, що реалізується на ринку та в магазинах. Вміст нітратів перевищує ГДК у ранній картоплі, що була куплена на ринку, та ранніх помідорах. Тривале навантаження нітратами навіть у малих дозах є одним із важливих токсичних факторів ризику для здоров'я населення, що знижує стійкість організму. Для досліджень було взято зразки рослинницької сільгосппродукції місцевого виробництва вирощеної на території поблизу підприємств Північного та Інгулецького ГЗК. Встановлено рівні вмісту нітратів в основних видах харчових продуктів рослинного походження, проведено розрахунок ризиків несприятливого впливу контрольованих нітратів, що надходять рослинною продукцією, що підтвердило необхідність проведення постійного моніторингу безпеки харчової сировини. Проведено ранжування харчової продукції за вкладом у загальне значення експозиції. Найбільше навантаження на жителів регіону нітратами мг на добу надає капуста та картопля. Значення HQ склали менше одиниці. У роботі викладено основні способи зменшення вмісту нітратів у рослинницькій продукції.
EXAMPLES OF DISSECTION OF FUNCTIONAL MEAT PRODUCTS FOR COMPLEX TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Kovalchuk Viktoriia , Zemelko Mariia , Bukhkalo Svetlana
Published: November 2024

Developing functional products is an important process for modern manufacturers. Such products have high organoleptic rates and high nutritional value. The paper deals with the examples of determining the innovative possibilities of making meat products and examining the impact of functional components on their characteristics. The study is aimed at analyzing and selecting the quantity and combinations of functional ingredients, for the development of products with improved characteristics. The influence of functional components on rheological, physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of meat products is also established. The theoretical and methodological bases of the study were the provisions of general scientific methods of cognition and specific methods of assessing the quality of finished meat products and raw materials from which it is made. Theoretical generalization, grouping and comparison was used to reveal the essence of the concept of "functional components". On the basis of comparison of theoretical knowledge and practical experiments, conclusions and proposals for improving production and improving the properties of meat products with functional components are made. The materials of the article determine the main prospects of further development of the hierarchy of complex components of innovative training in special disciplines 181 food technologies.
MANAGEMENT IN THE XXI CENTURY
Authors: Mishchenko Volodymyr , Kobets Valentyn , Vashchenko Valentyna
Published: November 2024

A generalization of the evolution of management theories and practical implementation of management leads to the conclusion that in the modern environment, the accepted approaches to management have ceased to work. In the current conditions, classical management can no longer be effective. The situation of the functioning of enterprises in conditions of uncertainty and crisis, in the context of the consequences of a pandemic and military operations in our country, requires a reorientation of management on an anti-crisis basis. The authors studied the main trends in the development of the world economy in the 21st century, the features of the development of modern management in Ukraine, and determined the requirements for modern managers. An analysis of global experience in overcoming crisis conditions has led to the conclusion that the solution to complex issues of our time, including economic ones, lies in the formation of a new level of consciousness of managers at all levels. In this regard, a modern approach to management is proposed based on the use of a new type of management (Ukrainian management) as an alternative that will overcome the consequences of recent years and exit the crisis state onto a sustainable development trajectory. The paradigm of a new type of management as an innovative management system is focused on creative transformations of human and society towards the vector of humanistic evolutionary development. The innovative essence is that a manager at any level must learn to use the possibilities of his consciousness hidden until today and use in his work thoughts and ideas of higher orders of magnitude than thoughts and ideas from the usual point of view of a materialistic worldview.   Such transformations will lead to an effective solution to immediate problems and tasks, ranging from the personal issues of an ordinary member of the team and society to planetary problems.
Reflexión crítica sobre la toma de decisiones en procedimientos quirúrgicos de terceros molares
Authors: Montes-García Raúl Andrés , Serpa-Romero Xiomara Zilena , Wilches-Visbal Jorge Homero
Published: November 2024

Los estudios describen la extracción de terceros molares como un procedimiento que amerita experiencia clínica y práctica quirúrgica a fin de disminuir los riesgos de complicaciones intraoperatorias y posoperatorias, como dolor, trismus, sangrado, infección, edema, lesiones del nervio alveolar inferior, desplazamiento de los dientes a espacios vecinos y fractura mandibular en los casos más severos (1, 2). Después de revisar algunas de las consecuencias más comunes en la práctica odontológica, se observa que entre los aspectos relevantes del protocolo quirúrgico se incluyen la destreza clínica, la complejidad quirúrgica, el estudio radiográfico y el diagnóstico definitivo (3).
Posicionamiento de empresas hoteleras y su relación con la percepción del cliente (Cañete – Perú) - 2022 empresas hoteleras: posicionamiento en base a la percepción del cliente
Authors:   , Ramos Solorzano Carlos Alberto
Published: November 2024

Las empresas de Glamping en la provincia de Cañete, Perú, han enfrentado desafíos significativos en respuesta a la pandemia de COVID-19, adaptándose a la alta demanda de alojamiento para personal médico. Aunque han experimentado pérdidas y cancelaciones de servicios turísticos, el resurgimiento gradual ha llevado al resurgimiento del concepto de Glamping, alineado con tendencias globales de naturaleza y sostenibilidad. De esta manera, el objetivo de este estudio fue identificar la relación entre el posicionamiento y la percepción del cliente, utilizando una metodología con enfoque cuantitativo y un diseño no experimental correlacional. Evidenciando en sus resultados, una correlación baja entre posicionamiento y percepción del cliente (rs= 0,320). De acuerdo con el objetivo de la investigación, se ha concluido que existe una baja relación entre el posicionamiento de las empresas hoteleras de glamping en Cañete y la percepción del cliente, es decir el cliente percibe que el personal de las empresas carece de criterios básicos para la atención, no resuelve situaciones fortuitas, los servicios no captan el interés del cliente quien no tiene intención de retorno por lo tanto no es fidelizado y a pesar de estar en una zona de naturaleza invaluable no se aprovecha esta oportunidad para mejorar la percepción del cliente y posicionar a las cadenas hoteleras.
Estabilidad cromática de resinas bulk-fill sumergidas en chicha morada fotopolimerizadas a diferentes distancias. Estudio in vitro
Authors:   , Layza Mayo Diana Fele , Suarez Rojas Daria Cristina
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Analizar la estabilidad cromática de resinas Bulk-Fill sumergidas en chicha morada y fotopolimerizadas a diferentes distancias. Materiales y métodos: Estudio experimental in vitro. La muestra fue de 216 discos de resina Bulk-fill distribuidos en 18 grupos de 12 especímenes cada uno según: tipo de resina (3M Filtek™️ Bulk-Fill, Ivoclar Tetric N Ceram Bulk-Fill y FGM Opus Bulk-Fill APS), distancias de fotoactivación (0, 2 y 4 mm) y solución de tinción (control con agua destilada y chicha morada Naturalle®). Mediciones triplicadas de color fue realizada a los discos a las 24 horas después de confección y después de la inmersión a las 24 horas, 1 semana y 3 semanas. Resultados: Las distancias de fotopolimerización influyeron en la estabilidad del color de las resinas 3M y Tetric N Ceram mostrando cambios significativos en todos los períodos evaluados cuando se sumergieron en chicha morada. Los discos de resina sumergidos en chicha morada a las 24 horas, 1 y 3 semanas demostraron cambios significativos para el valor Delta (ΔE) en 3M (p=0,0123, p=0,0008 y p=0,0007) y Tetric N Ceram (p=0,005, p=0,0069 y p=0,0065). Los discos de resina FGM solo evidenciaron cambios significativos a las 24 horas y 1 semana (p=0,0034, y p=0,0124). Conclusión: Las tres marcas comerciales experimentaron disminuciones significativas en el valor de "L" a medida que aumentó el tiempo de inmersión en chicha morada.
Rotación de personal y productividad de los operarios en una empresa comercializadora de productos plásticos, distrito de Lurín (Lima-Perú), 2022
Authors:   , Herrera Cubas Emily Xiomara , Sanchez Rodas Rosio
Published: November 2024

En el dinámico contexto empresarial del siglo XXI, la rotación de personal y la productividad se han convertido en variables fundamentales que impactan directamente en el éxito y la sostenibilidad de las organizaciones, siendo crucial comprender la relación entre ambas para lograr un desempeño óptimo y una ventaja competitiva. La pesquisa tuvo como objetivo general analizar la interrelación entre la rotación de personal y productividad de los operarios de la empresa objeto de estudio. Su enfoque fue cuantitativo, no experimental transeccional correlacional-causal. La población y muestra estuvo integrada por 55 operarios de la empresa comercializadora de productos plásticos, donde se implementó el cuestionario como instrumento para la recogida de información. Los resultados conseguidos evidenciaron la presencia de una correlación considerable entre las variables analizadas, obteniendo un coeficiente de correlación de Spearman (Rho) que alcanzó -0.534; esto denotó una interrelación inversa, moderada y significativa, lo cual permitió aseverar que a medida que la rotación de personal experimente un aumento, la productividad de los operarios disminuiría en la empresa objeto de estudio.
Efecto de una intervención educativa sobre el nivel de conocimientos de toxoplasmosis en mujeres en los dos primeros tercios de gestación que asisten a un centro de salud
Authors:   , Hiyo Bellido Melissa Cristell
Published: November 2024

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el efecto de una intervención educativa sobre el nivel de conocimientos de toxoplasmosis en mujeres en los dos primeros tercios de gestación que asistieron a un centro de salud materno infantil en Lurín, Lima-Perú, durante el periodo de julio – agosto del 2023. Se elaboró un instrumento de evaluación que contenía 20 preguntas de opción múltiple que fue aplicado antes, después y posterior a cuatro meses de haber brindado la intervención educativa virtual en 31 mujeres en primer o segundo trimestre de gestación. La intervención educativa se dividió en tres sesiones y fue brindada mediante una plataforma virtual de manera sincrónica. Para la clasificación del nivel de conocimiento se utilizó la escala vigesimal establecida por el Ministerio de Educación que va de 0 a 20 puntos. Los resultados evidencian que antes de la intervención educativa el 64.5% (20/31) ± 0.168 de las gestantes presentaban un nivel de conocimientos clasificado como “malo”. Sin embargo, posterior a la intervención educativa, el 74.2% (23/31) ± 0.154 de las participantes, alcanzaron un nivel de conocimiento considerado bueno. Mientras que, en la evaluación a largo plazo, el 38.7% (12/31) ± 0.171 de la muestra obtuvieron un nivel de conocimientos clasificado como “bueno”, y la misma cantidad de gestantes (38.7%) obtuvieron un conocimiento clasificado como “regular”. Se concluye que, la intervención educativa tuvo un efecto positivo en el nivel de conocimiento sobre toxoplasmosis en mujeres gestantes en primer o segundo trimestre a corto y a largo plazo (p<0.05)
Eficacia en el acetato de desmopresina sobre el plasma concentrado de factor von Willebrand en la enfermedad de Von Willebrand en tipos leves y moderados: revisión sistemática
Authors:   , Barrantes Valle Rodrigo
Published: November 2024

Introducción: La enfermedad de von Willebrand es un trastorno hemorrágico hereditario caracterizado por una actividad plaquetaria anormal basada en una adhesión y agregación defectuosas. La enfermedad es asintomática, es decir, donde la dificultad en el diagnóstico, pero las manifestaciones clínicas son episodios hemorrágicos, como la epistaxis o la gingivorragia. Objetivo: Determinar la eficacia del uso de Desmopresina sobre Factor de von Willebrand Plasma Concentrado en la enfermedad de Von Willebrand tipo 1, 2A, 2B, 2M y 2N. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos con características de ensayos clínicos donde la Desmopresina y el Factor de von Willebrand Plasma Concentrado como tratamiento para la enfermedad de von Willebrand para las formas leves y moderadas de la enfermedad de Willebrand en las bases de datos PubMed, Scielo y Scopus. Resultados: Se obtuvieron un total de 71 artículos durante la búsqueda y se seleccionaron 6 artículos de acuerdo con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. En las formas leves, la desmopresina por vía intravenosa o subcutánea muestra un aumento del 191% al 492%; subtipo 2A aumentado a 130%; los subtipos 2B y 2M no mostraron un aumento del factor vW. En relación al plasma concentrado, los subtipos 1 y 2A aumentaron un 273%; el subtipo 2B aumentó un 110% y el subtipo 2M aumentó un 273%. Discusión: Se observó en los artículos incluidos un alto riesgo de sesgo que afecta la confiabilidad de los resultados mostrados; interfiere con el resultado principal de que la Desmopresina y el plasma concentrado de factor vW tienen efectos similares en ambas vías de administración para el aumento del factor vW; sin embargo, en formas moderadas solo el concentrado de factor vW muestra eficacia clínica en el control de eventos hemorrágicos.
Estilos de aprendizaje y hábitos de estudio en alumnos de la Facultad de Comunicaciones de un instituto privado, Lima-2022
Authors:   , Vasquez Pajuelo Brayan Jose
Published: November 2024

La investigación busca identificar la relación EA y HE, según género, estado laboral y carrera. Se emplea un método cuantitativo, no experimental correlacional, aplicando un cuestionario a 393 alumnos. Los resultados revelan relación entre variables (p<0.05), también que existe asociación entre el estilo divergente y patrones de estudio (p<0.05), además se determina que no existen preferencias de estilos según las carreras (p>0.05); no obstante, de acuerdo al género se identificó diferencias significativas (p<0.05), y que no hay diferencias en los hábitos según el estado laboral (p>0.05). La conclusión determina que los estilos desempeñan un papel fundamental en la configuración de sus hábitos, influyendo cómo abordan y organizan su tiempo.
Role of the coat (CP), movement (MP) and 2b proteins of parietaria motte virus (PMoV) virus as pathogen determinants in Nicotiana benthamiana plants
Authors: Martínez Carolina , López Carmelo , Pallás Vicente , Aparicio Frederic , Galipienso Luis
Published: November 2024

Parietaria mottle virus (genus Ilarvirus, family Bromoviridae) is an emerging virus infecting tomato and pepper crops in the Mediterranean basin. PMoV has a segmented single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome encoding two replicase subunits (p1 and p2), the 2b, the movement (MP) and coat (CP) proteins. Mechanisms underlying the disease development are poorly understood in most virus-plant pathosystems. For this purpose, we have investigated the role played by the PMoV CP, MP, and 2b as pathogen determinants in the experimental host Nicotiana benthamiana. Transient expression of the PMoV proteins by using the PVX cDNA viral vector pGR107 showed that all of them enhanced the PVX-induced symptoms in N. benthamiana agroinfiltrated plants, but with different degrees: CP was associated with strong symptoms consisting in systemic necrosis typical of hypersensitive host response (HR), mosaic leaf deformation, and plant stunting, whereas 2b and MP were associated with mild mosaic and leaf deformation. However, movement complementation assays of a viral vector based on turnip crinkle virus sequence expressing GFP (pTCV-GFP) revealed that none of these PMoV proteins could suppress the post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) host defence mechanism. Additional assays of systemic RNA silencing in transgenic N. benthamiana 16c plants expressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP) confirmed that PMoV 2b, unlike other ilarviruses, was not a PTGS suppressor. Results obtained here were discussed and compared with those of other virus-plant pathosystems.
The Effect Cultivated at Different Altitudes and Modifications on Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Starch Medians Cultivar Potato
Authors: Rohima Ira Endah , Djali Mohamad , Cahyana Yana , Hamdani Jajang Sauman , Lani Mohd Nizam , Triani Rini
Published: November 2024

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a major global food crop essential for food security and agricultural economics. Potato's adaptability to various climates and soil types makes it a vital agricultural commodity. However, intensive potato cultivation in highland regions raises environmental concerns, such as soil erosion and reduced soil fertility. Furthermore, environmental factors such as temperature and humidity challenge the cultivation of potatoes in the medium plains. Processing potato tubers into starch extends their shelf life and enhances their economic value and functional properties. Nevertheless, natural starch is limited in food applications due to heat sensitivity, high viscosity, and a tendency for retrogradation and syneresis. Potato starch can be modified using Heat Moisture Treatment (HMT) and crosslinking with Monosodium Phosphate (MSP), and those methods can be combined to address the limitation. This study investigated modified potato starch’s physicochemical, chemical, functional, and pasting properties using medians cultivars from various altitudes. In addition, the completely randomized block design factorial experiment with altitude and modification treatment as factors was also performed using SPSS 21 software for data analysis, employing a two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test and Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The results indicated significant differences (P < 0.05) in the starch's physicochemical, functional, and pasting properties, depending on the planting altitude, modification treatment, and their interaction. In future studies, it is possible to integrate natural additives, such as plant extracts, in the starch modification process for potatoes grown at various altitudes.
Trends in blood transfusion and causes of blood wastage: a retrospective analysis in a teaching hospital
Authors: Chien Ju-huei , Yao Chao-yuan , Chen Hui-fen , Ho Tsing-Fen
Published: November 2024

Background: Blood is a vital medical resource that is sourced from primarily nonremunerated donations. As Taiwan faces an aging population, increasing medical demands pose new challenges to blood resource management. Trend analysis can improve blood supply chain management and allocate blood resources more efficiently and cost-effectively.
Methods: A retrospective review was conducted from 2011–2023 in a teaching hospital to examine the utilization and wastage of blood products. Data were collected from hospital information system and blood wastage reports, categorized by cause, and analyzed via SAS software version 9.3.
Results: The hospital released 424,197 units of blood products, with leukocyte-reduced red blood cells accounting for 140,971 units. The highest annual wastage rate was 0.29% in 2011, and the annual average was 0.08%. Fresh frozen plasma (36.3%), platelet concentrates (15.2%), and cryoprecipitate (14.3%) were the most frequently discarded. Major causes of wastage included excessive or inappropriate orders (22.3%), inability to reissue blood before expiration (16.7%), and incorrect orders (14.6%). Platelet wastage was caused primarily by improper storage, while thawed plasma could not be repurposed. Utilization of leukocyte-reduced blood products has increased, leading to a significant reduction in transfusion reactions from 1.8% in 2011 to 0.6% in 2023.
Conclusions: The study revealed that blood wastage often arises from human error or improper storage conditions. The leading cause of platelet product disposal is incorrect storage temperatures, along with the inability to repurpose thawed plasma for plasma products. The increased use of prestorage leukocyte-reduced blood products has significantly reduced transfusion reactions. Continuous education for healthcare professionals, along with improved inventory monitoring, can further minimize wastage and enhance transfusion quality.
Biomechanical changes in lumbar intervertebral discs after percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy surgery at different Body Mass Index (BMI) categories
Authors: Zhang Xiaohai , Lin Jinghui , Liu Chen , Xue Shuangtao , Wu Mengying , Yin Zongsheng
Published: November 2024

Objective Percutaneous Endoscopic Transforaminal Discectomy (PETD) is recognized as the leading surgical intervention for lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Moreover, Body Mass Index (BMI) has been established as an independent risk factor for disc reherniation post-PETD. Furthermore, there is a lack of studies investigating the biomechanical changes in the disc post-PETD in relation to diverse BMI levels. Methods A three-dimensional nonlinear finite element model was developed to simulate the L3-S1 lumbar spine, and a surgical model of the lumbar 4/5 right PETD was also constructed. Forces of 392N (BMI 20.76kg/m2), 457N (24.22kg/m2), 523N (27.68kg/m2), 588N (31.14kg/m2) and 653N (34.6kg/m2) were applied from the superior edge of the L3 vertebrae. The equivalent von Mises stresses and maximum deformation of the L4/5 nucleus pulposus were observed in normal group and PETD surgery group. Results We established normal and PETD surgery model with different BMIs, contributes to understand the equivalent von Mises stresses and maximum deformation of the L4/5 nucleus pulposus with different BMI. The results indicated that the rise in BMI correlates with heightened equivalent von Mises stresses and maximum deformation within the L4/5 nucleus pulposus in both in normal group and PETD surgery group. Besides, the von Mises stress and maximum deformation of the NP in flexion loading are significantly higher than in other loading conditions under the same BMI condition. These values, alongside the occurrence of high-stress areas, display fluctuations across distinct postures, under the influence of BMI. Furthermore, a discernible accumulation of stress was noted within the compromised regions of the nucleus pulposus. Conclusion The study suggested that patients who undergone PETD surgery should refrain from engaging in strenuous activities especially flexion during early rehabilitation through finite element analysis. For patients with a high BMI, it is advisable to scientifically reduce weight before and after the surgery in order to maintain appropriate stress on the intervertebral disc.
Moderating effect of IADL on the relationship between depression and loneliness in cognitive frailty people
Authors: Zhao Yafang , Huo Xiaopeng , Du Hongdi , Lai Xiaoxing , Li Zhen , Zhang Zhiyuan , Yang Longfei
Published: November 2024

Background:
Identification of depression and loneliness among people with cognitive frailty could prevent negative psychological and physical health outcomes. Few studies have focused on physical and mental health together among people with cognitive frailty, little is known about the role of daily activity in the association between depression and loneliness among elderly individuals with cognitive frailty.
Objectives:
To determine the direct effect of loneliness on depression among community-dwelling older adults with cognitive frailty as well as the moderating effect of daily activity.
Design, setting, participants, and measurements:
This cross-sectional study included 529 adults aged 65 years and older from community-dwelling population who were screened for cognitive frailty, and was conducted from July 2023 to December 2023. The participants were assessed using validation instruments for measuring main variables: Short-form Geriatric Depression Scale, loneliness questionnaire, Athens Insomnia Scale, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), Social Support Scale, and sociodemographic characteristics.
Results
The IADL, depression, insomnia, and loneliness scores were lower among individuals with frailty than among individuals with prefrailty. The interaction effect of IADL* loneliness illustrated that the moderating effect of IADL on the relationship between loneliness and depression significantly differed based on the IADL score. When IADL scores were low, the impact of loneliness on depression was more significant.
Conclusions
The integrity of physical and social connections has a protective effect on the mental health of elderly with cognitive frailty. It is necessary to pay attention to disability and loneliness among elderly individuals. Targeted interventions for improving physical activity and social participation seem to be practical and feasible solutions to alleviate depressive symptoms.
Synthesis of lipophilic gold nanorod superparticles and their size-dependent SERS performances
Authors: Wu Gui-Lin , Deng Tian-Song , Wang Kun-Peng , Zhang Er-Ji , Liu Li-Yong , Cheng Yu-Chun , Gao Jia-Fei , Liu Jie
Published: November 2024

Gold nanorods are widely used in Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) applications due to their strong localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). The self-assembly of gold nanorods further expands their applications and introduces new ensemble properties. In this paper, two types of gold nanorods with similar lengths but significantly different diameters were used for making superparticles. The gold nanorods were first surface-modified with thiol-terminated polystyrene (PS-SH), and then assembled into superparticles through emulsion volatilization. To test the SERS performances of the gold nanorod superparticles, nile red was used as a dye molecule to test the localization of the SERS performance of the single superparticles. It was found that as the size of the superparticles increased, the SERS performances also improved, with the final Raman signal intensity reaching up to 2*106. When the size of the superparticles was the same, the SERS performance was stronger for superparticles composed of gold nanorods with larger diameters. Additionally, a structure similar to the superparticles was designed for FDTD simulations, and the simulated results were highly consistent with the experimental results, further supporting our conclusions.
Evaluate the renal system damage caused by zoledronic acid: A comprehensive analysis of adverse events from FAERS
Authors: Wang Zhaojun , Su Xin , Shi Donglei , Wei Li
Published: November 2024

Background
Zoledronic acid (ZA) is widely used for the treatment of osteolytic bone metastases in malignancies and osteoporosis, but it has been associated with renal impairment. In this study, we investigated adverse events (AEs) related to renal and urinary system diseases associated with ZA using the U.S. FDA’s Adverse Event Reporting System.
Methods
We collected FAERS data from Q1 2004 to Q1 2024 and used the reporting odds ratio to detect AEs related to renal and urinary system diseases associated with ZA. Additionally, we applied multiple algorithms, including ROR, proportional reporting ratio, bayesian confidence propagation neural network, and multi-item gamma poisson shrinker, to quantify renal and urinary AEs under different indications.
Results
A total of 52,495 AE reports involving ZA as the primary suspect drug were identified. Among renal and urinary system diseases, 25 distinct AEs were recognized, with renal tubular necrosis being the most frequently reported. For different indications, renal tubular necrosis was the most reported AE in breast cancer and osteoporosis; nephrogenic diabetes insipidus was both the most frequent and strongest signal in lung cancer; proteinuria was most common in multiple myeloma, and polyuria in prostate cancer. Furthermore, most AEs occurred in patients who had been on ZA for more than 360 days, followed by those within the first 30 days of use.
Conclusion
Based on pharmacovigilance data from FAERS, different renal and urinary system AEs should be closely monitored and addressed according to the specific indications for which ZA is used.