bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Students’ English Pronunciation Ability Through Go Fish Game and Maze Game
Authors: Nurhayati Dwi Astuti Wahyu
Published: December 2022

The problem highlighted in this research is the low pronunciation ability of Kindergarten students in Al-Irsyad  Madiun  that is caused by (1) the uninteresting activities in learning English; (2) the students' difficulties in pronunciating English words; (3) the students' low motivation in learning. The theoretical review includes the young learners characteristics, games in language, games for young learners. The procedure of the research consists of identifying the problem, planning the action, implementing the action, observing the action, and reflecting the result of the research. In this research, the researcher acts as the teacher who conducts the action research in the classroom and she is helped by the classsroom teacher. In collecting the data, the researcher uses observational technique supported with tests. In analyzing the data, the researcher uses the field notes, teacher's diaries, students ‘work supported with the cassette recording and photograph,then also compares the result of the students' pre-test and post-test to answer the research questions. There is significant improvement in the result of pre-test and post-test of cycle 1 and 2. In cycle 1, t0 (2.55734) is higher than tt (1.73) and in cycle 2, t0 (6.765738) is also higher than tt (1.73). From these two results, therefore, h0 is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (ha) is accepted. They practice their pronunciation through taking turn and asking each other for cards to match those they have in their hands, arranging a word and sticking on alphabet, pronunciating the word, giving the meaning, hen making a sentence such as Go Fish Game and Maze Game. By conducting these games, using interesting media, creating various interesting tasks and activities can increase the students' motivation in learning English and pronunciation ability.Keywords: Improving, pronunciation, ability,  go fish and Maze games
ADDRESSING ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY CHALLENGES IN WAQF MANAGEMENT USING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Hj. Mohaiyadin Norlaila Mazura , Aman Aini , Palil Mohd Rizal , Muhamad Said Suzana
Published: December 2022

This study identifies how blockchain technology can address accountability and transparency challenges in waqf management system by using institutional theory and Islamic institutional logic. An interpretative qualitative research approach is employed, with case studies of Malaysian public university waqf administrators, and data analysis is performed using open, axial, and selective coding. The findings suggest that in terms of coercive isomorphism there are two transparency challenges related to blockchain solutions in the waqf management system: 1) errors in the issuance of receipts (process), which are expected to be overcome by blockchain solutions in the form of individual network technology and ID identifiers; and 2) difficulties in waqf distribution (process), which are predicted to be solved by blockchain solutions in the form of controlling tools, public ledgers, and obtaining waqf distribution data. In normative isomorphism, there are two accountability challenges with blockchain solutions in the waqf management system: 1) difficulties in controlling waqf activities (process), which are expected to be overcome by blockchain solutions which allow internal control; and 2) decisions on waqf distribution (output), which should be solved by blockchain solutions which allow awareness among stakeholders of waqf distribution. In mimetic isomorphism, there is one accountability challenge in the process which has blockchain solutions in the waqf management system, namely system integration, which is predicted to be overcome by a blockchain solution related to traceability. The contributions of the study include extending institutional theory and Islamic institutional logic, and providing blockchain best practices for waqf institutions in addressing accountability and transparency challenges.
LITHOLOGY CONTROLS AMMONOID SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS
Authors: DE BAETS KENNETH , JAROCHOWSKA EMILIA , BUCHWALD STELLA ZORA , KLUG CHRISTIAN , KORN DIETER
Published: December 2022

Body-size distributions of organisms across environments in space and time are a powerful source of information on ecological and evolutionary processes. However, most studies only focus on selected parameters of size distributions (e.g., central tendency or extremes) and rarely take into account entire distributions and how they are affected by the collection style and facies. Here we analyze the impact of facies, region, taxonomy, and collection style over size distributions using diameter as a proxy of Late Devonian ammonoids in their entirety using non-metric multidimensional scaling and PERMANOVA based on Kolmogorov distance. The effects are then compared with effects on mean sizes. In all analyses, lithology was the dominant effect, with sizes greater by 59% in marls and by 33% in limestones, as compared to black shales. The effect of complete sampling style was a decrease in size by 11%. Kurtosis was an important parameter differentiating size distributions, with platykurtic distributions in marls and leptokurtic distributions in limestones, suggesting that this parameter may reflect different degrees of time averaging. Most size distributions were positively skewed, but most strongly in marls. Complete sampling led to skewness values close to zero (symmetrical distributions) and high kurtosis.

Samples from higher paleolatitudes were on average smaller, but contained outliers with the largest sizes, highlighting the need to analyze entire distributions. Lithology and collection differences need to be accounted for when evaluating size differences across space (polar gigantism) and time (Lilliput effect). Similarly, differences in facies may affect species determination.
Experimental Study of Sulfur Solubility in Ca–Mg Carbonate Melt under P–T Parameters of Lithospheric Mantle
Authors: Bataleva Yu.V. , Furman O.V. , Borzdov Yu.M. , Palyanov Yu.N.
Published: December 2022

—Modeling the compositions, properties, and conditions of generation of natural agents of mantle metasomatism is one of the most topical subjects in experimental petrology. Particular attention is paid to the study of C- and S-bearing metasomatic agents and their role in the global carbon and sulfur cycles and in the processes of natural diamond formation. Experimental studies aimed at the estimation of sulfur solubility in carbonate melts under lithospheric mantle conditions were carried out on a multianvil high-pressure apparatus of the “split-sphere” type (BARS) in the carbonate–sulfur ((Mg,Ca)CO3–S) and carbonate–pyrite ((Mg,Ca)CO3–FeS2) systems at 6.3 GPa and 1050–1550 °C for 20–60 h. It has been experimentally established that the main processes occurring in the carbonate–sulfur system are the recrystallization of carbonate in a sulfur melt (1050–1350 °C) and the generation of a high-calcium carbonate melt with dissolved sulfur (5.0–6.5 wt.%) (1450–1550 °C) as well as graphite recrystallization and the initial stage of diamond growth (1550 °C) in this melt. The work demonstrates that the carbonate–pyrite interaction is accompanied by the recrystallization of carbonates and pyrite (1050–1250 °C) and the generation of two immiscible melts (sulfide one with dissolved oxygen and carbonate one with dissolved sulfur (1.7–2.5 wt.%) (1350–1550 °C)) along with the formation of graphite and the growth of diamond on seed crystals (1550 °C). It has been found that the solubility of sulfur in carbonate melts increases with temperature, which goes together with a decrease in CaO (±FeO) concentrations and an increase in MgO concentrations. The present study has shown for the first time that melts of alkaline-earth carbonates are capable of dissolving up to 6.5 wt.% sulfur and they are probable sulfur concentrators under the conditions of the lithospheric mantle.
Depolymerization of polyesters by a binuclear catalyst
Authors: Niu Zhiqiang , Zhang Shengbo , Hu Qikun , Zhang Yu-Xiao , Guo Haoyue , Wu Yanfen , Sun Mingze , Zhu Xingsong , Zhang Jiangang , Gong Shuyan , Liu Ping
Published: December 2022

Remediation and reuse of discarded plastics can reduce their accumulation in the environment and bring energy savings for plastic production. Here we discover a binuclear zinc catalyst that features a biomimetic intramolecular pathway for polyester depolymerization, which not merely enables environmental degradation of PET but also affords industrial-scale PET recycling under relatively mild conditions. The binuclear catalyst delivers a specific activity of 36 mgPET d-1 gcatal-1 toward PET depolymerization at pH 8 and 40 oC, the very condition holding the possibility of naturally breaking down plastic waste. The structural stability of this synthetic catalyst allows it to work under wide operational conditions, resulting in a specific activity of 577 gPET h-1 gcatal-1 at pH 13 and 90 oC for centralized PET recycling. A closed-loop production of bottle-grade PET was also demonstrated. Besides, this catalyst is catalytically active toward a wide scope of substrates with high tolerance to additives and impurities.
A Novel High-Resolution Melting Method for Detection of Adulteration on Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)
Authors: Ay Neslihan , Hürkan Kaan
Published: December 2022

The pistachio nut (Pistacia vera L.) is a popular nut which is beneficial for health. As a result of its high price, adulteration of pistachio products with other foods is common. The green pea (Pisum sativum L.) is similar to pistachio in colour and texture when both are in a fine powder form, therefore powdered pistachio products are often adulterated with powdered green pea. In this study, we aimed to develop a novel method based on high resolution melting (HRM) to detect green pea adulteration in powdered pistachio products as low as in ratio. Novel primers that targeted the chloroplastidial sequence atpA, rpoC1 and ycf3 were tested on admixture ratios of 90:10, 99:1, 499:1 and 999:1 of pistachio:green pea. The melting temperatures (Tm) were found to detect the adulteration for the targets rpoC1 and ycf3. Since the atpA amplicons have identical guanine-cytosine content in both pistachio and green pea PCR products, it failed to distinguish the admixtures from the positive control samples. Differential plots and genotyping confidence percentages clearly distinguished the admixtures from positive controls down to a 0.1% ratio of pistachio:green pea. Sequencing of the amplicons supported the use of HRM to distinguish between pistachio and green pea. The use of HRM with novel rpoC1 and ycf3 primer sets was found to be useful for rapid, cost-effective, and reliable detection of green pea adulteration of pistachio down to a ratio of 0.1%.
The hydroxyapatite modified 3D printed poly L-lactic acid porous screw in reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament of rabbit knee joint: a histological and biomechanical study
Authors: Tian Ke , Wang Yafei , Bi Fanggang , Wang Zhiyuan , Ren Chengzhen , Li Pengju
Published: December 2022

Background
3D printing technology has become a research hotspot in the field of scientific research because of its personalized customization, maneuverability and the ability to achieve multiple material fabrication. The focus of this study is to use 3D printing technology to to customize personalized orthopedic endosseous implant porous screws and to explore its effect on tendon-bone healing after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)reconstruction.
Methods
The poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) porous screws which meet the requirements of the experiment are prepared by 3D printing technology. The hydroxyapatite (HA) was adsorbed on porous screws by electrostatic layer-by-layer self-assembly (ELSA) technology, and PLLA-HA porous screws were prepared.Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the surface morphology of scaffolds before and after modification. Determination of porosity of screw support by liquid replacement method. The PLLA group was fixed with PLLA porous screw and the PLLA-HA group was fixed with PLLA-HA porous screw. Histology, imaging and biomechanics were observed at 6 and 12 weeks after operation.
Results
The PLLA porous screws prepared by 3D printer meet the design requirements, and the voids in the stents are evenly distributed and connected with each other. After surface modification, HA was uniformly distributed in PLLA screw scaffolds. Histology showed that compared with PLLA group, mature bone trabeculae were integrated with grafted tendons in PLLA-HA group. Micro-CT showed that the bone formation index of PLLA-HA group was better than that of PLLA group. The new bone was uniformly distributed in the bone tunnel along the screw channel. Biomechanical experiments showed that the failure load and stiffness of PLLA-HA group were significantly higher than those of PLLA group.
Conclusions
HA modified 3D printed porous screw can not only fix the transplanted tendon, but also effectively increase the new bone mass in the bone tunnel and promote the bone integration at the tendon-bone interface by promoting the bone growth in the bone tunnel.3D printed PLLA-HA porous screws are likely to be used in clinic in the future.3D printed PLLA-HA porous screws are likely to be used in clinic in the future.
Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration with primary closure could be safely performed among elderly patients with choledocholithiasis
Authors: Fan Lili , Wang Yan , Wu Meilong , Wu Tianchong , Deng Lingna , Wang Yawei , Liu Linsen , An Tailai
Published: December 2022

Background
For patients with choledocholithiasis, laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) is preferred over open surgery. Whether primary closure of common bile duct (CBD) should be performed on completion of choledochotomy and corresponding indications for primary closure of common bile duct are still controversial topics. This study was accomplished to evaluate safety and feasibility of primary closure of CBD among elderly patients (≥ 70 years) after LCBDE.
Methods
Patients with choledocholithiasis who had undergone LCBDE with primary closure of CBD between July 2014 and December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Included patients were assigned into two groups (group A: ≥70 years and group B: <70 years) according to age. Group A was compared with Group B in terms of preoperative characteristics, intraoperative results and postoperative outcomes.
Results
The mean operative time for group A was 176.59 minutes (± 68.950) while the operative time for group B was 167.64 minutes (± 69.635 ) (P = 0.324). The mean hospital stay after surgery for group A was 8.43 days (± 4.440) while that for group B was 8.30 days (± 5.203) (P = 0.849). 3 patients in group A experienced bile leakage while bile leakage occurred to 10 patients in group B (3.8% VS 4.5%, P = 0.781). Group A was not significantly different from group B in terms of postoperative complications and 30-day mortality except pneumonia (P = 0.016), acute cardiovascular event (P = 0.005) and ICU observation (P = 0.037). After a median follow-up time of 60 months, 2 patients in group A and 2 ones in group B experienced stone recurrence (2.5% VS 0.9%, P = 0.612). 1 patient in group A experienced stenosis of CBD while stenosis of CBD occurred to 5 ones in group B (1.3% VS 2.2%, P = 0.937).
Conclusions
Simultaneous closure of CBD upon completion of LCBDE could be safely performed among patients ≥ 70 years.
Fishing litter dominates the litter along the beaches of Palk Bay, Southeastern of India
Authors: Krishnan Priyanka , Bilal Mghili , Perumal Karthikeyan , Kabalieshwaran Muthulakshmi , Kabalieshwaran Rajarajeshwaran , Muthuramalingam Subagunasekar , Kolanthasamy Prabhu , Chellaiyan Stella
Published: December 2022

Background: Fishing activity is a major source of marine litter on beaches, but most studies focus on recreational beaches. In this study, we assessed the abundance, composition, source and spatial distribution of marine litter on ten fishing beaches along Palk Bay, on the southeast coast of India. We also used social media to collect data on the impact of fishing litter on marine animals in the study area.
Results: A total of 4,227 marine litter and their average density of 0.70 items/m2 were collected. Plastic (84.54%) is the most abundant in the study area, followed by cloths (7.46%), glass (5.19%), and rubber (3.47%). From the result, the value of CCI ranges from 6.26 to 25.7 indicating that the coast is "moderately clean" to "extremely dirty". The majority of the marine litter collected originated from fishing activity. The most common are string and cord, fishing lines, fishing gear, floats and buoys.
Conclusion: The presence of this type of marine litter can produce serious environmental issues, such as ghost fishing, that impacts a large variety of marine species. A total of 25 of the olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) were entangled in fishing litter between 2018 and 2020. Most of the reported entanglements were due to discarded or lost fishing gear, which shows the importance of managing this type of litter in India. It is important to manage the litter related to the fishing activity by educating fishermen and organizing clean-up campaigns.
Development of Fournier gangrene after chemotherapy despite the absence of anorectal lesions originally: A case report
Authors: Nonaka Kenichi , Kawase Kota , Takagi Kimiaki , Takatsu Yuta , Maniwa Koji , Takao Chika , Komura Minoru , Mushika Yoshinori , Takeuchi Noriyuki , Kato Toshio , Kusakabe Mitsuhiko , Kondo Mitsutaka
Published: December 2022

Background
Fournier’s gangrene is a life-threatening disease because the infected region expands very quickly, the patient easily suffers septic shock, and the mortality rate is high. Usually, Fournier’s gangrene will occur when there is a wound or tumor, from which a specific bacteria intrudes into soft tissue. We encountered a patient with Fournier’s gangrene due to severe myelosuppression after chemotherapy, although there was no initial lesion on the anus and rectum.
Case presentation:
A 54-year-old man with a recurrence of left testicular cancer had been administered chemotherapy. Twelve days later, the patient complained of severe pain around the anus. The following day, the patient went into septic shock. Upon visual inspection, there was dark purple skin discoloration on the left side of the anus. Laboratory data revealed severe neutropenia. Computed tomography revealed a high density of soft tissue on the left side of the anus and gas bubbles in the left femoral ring. We diagnosed the patient with Fournier’s gangrene due to a severe immune suppressive state after chemotherapy. We emergently removed necrotic tissue as much as possible. However, because the patient was in severe sepsis status, he needed careful management in the intensive care unit for 32 days. After the first emergency operation, we performed additive removals several times. Finally, 391 days after the initial surgery, the patient was discharged from our hospital. The tumor has not recurred, and the patient is under outpatient observation in the urology department.
Conclusion
Despite having no anorectal lesions initially, if patients who receive chemotherapy and are in a severe myelosuppressive state complain of severe pain in the perianal area and have a dark purple discoloration of the skin around the anus, the possibility of Fournier's gangrene should be considered.
Chronic Anti-Coagulation Therapy Reduced Mortality In Patients With High Cardiovascular Risk Early In COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zaghloul Mohamed S. , Jammeh Momodou , Gibson Andrew , Luo Suhong , Chadwick-Mansker Kelley , Liu Qianjin , Yan Yan , Zayed Mohamed A.
Published: December 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with provoked thrombo-inflammatory responses. Early in the COVID-19 pandemic this was thought to contribute to hypercoagulability and multi-organ system complications in infected patients. Limited studies have evaluated the impact of therapeutic anti-coagulation therapy (AC) in alleviate these risks in COVID-19 positive patients. Our study aimed to investigate whether long-term therapeutic AC can decrease the risk of multi-organ system complications (MOSC) including stroke, limb ischemia, gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, in-hospital and intensive care unit death in COVID-19 positive patients during the early phase of the pandemic in the United States.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of all COVID-19 positive United States Veterans between March 2020 and October 2020. Patients receiving continuous therapeutic AC for a least 30 days prior to or after their initial COVID-19 positive test were assigned to the AC group. Patients who did not receive AC were included in a control group. We analyzed the primary study outcome of MOSC between the AC and control groups using binary logistic regression analysis (Odd-Ratio; OR).
Results: We identified 48,066 COVID-19 patients, of them 879 (1.8%) were receiving continuous therapeutic AC. The AC cohort had significantly worse comorbidities than the control group. On the adjusted binary logistic regression model, therapeutic AC significantly decreased in-hospital mortality rate (OR; 0.67, p = 0.04), despite a higher incidence of GI bleeding (OR; 4.00, p = 0.02). However, therapeutic AC did not significantly reduce other adverse events.
Conclusion: AC therapy reduced in-hospital death early in the COVID-19 pandemic among patients who were hospitalized with the infection. However, it did not decrease the risk of MOSC. Additional trials are needed to determine the effectiveness of AC in preventing complications associated with ongoing emerging strains of the COVID-19 virus.
Post-cesarean section laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a case report
Authors: Abdelmohsen Sarah , Zidan Mohamed , Fahmy Sherif , Baghdady Ahmed
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy at the time of cesarean section is novel in medicine. It is safe, feasible, and cost-effective.
Case reports: A 29-year-old G3P2+0 woman had two previous cesarean sections. She was pregnant at 32 weeks. The fetus had anencephaly. She had acute cholecystitis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy done at the time of termination of pregnancy by cesarean section
Discussion: Laparoscopic surgery seems to be safe at the time of a cesarean section. It enables the surgeon to perform surgery through small incisions, lowering the risks of surgical infection, blood loss, and incisional hernia.
Conclusion: As long as the surgeon is highly qualified and experienced, the combination of laparoscopic cholecystectomy immediately post cesarean section in a critical period as acute cholecystitis is effective.
Impact of prescription length supply policy on patient medication adherence in Thailand
Authors: Jarujumrus Inthorn , Taychakhoonavudh Suthira
Published: December 2022

Background
Phramongkutklao Hospital is one of the largest military hospitals in Thailand. Beginning in 2016, an institutional policy was implemented in which medication prescription length was increased from 30 to 90 days. However, there have been no formal investigations into how this policy has impacted medication adherence among patients in hospitals. As such, this study evaluated how prescription length impacted medication adherence among dyslipidemia and type-2 diabetes patients who were treated at Phramongkutklao Hospital.
Methods
This quasi-experimental study compared patients who received prescription lengths of 30 and 90 days based on information recorded in the hospital database between 2014 and 2017. Therein, we used the medication possession ratio (MPR) to estimate patient adherence. Focusing on patients with universal coverage insurance, we employed the difference-in-difference method to examine changes in adherence from before and after policy implementation, then conducted a logistic regression to test for associations between the predictors and adherence.
Results
We analyzed data from a total of 2,046 patients, with equal amounts of 1,023 placed into the control group (no change to 90-day prescription length) and intervention group (change from 30 to 90-day prescription length). First, we found that increased prescription length was associated with 4% and 5% higher MPRs among dyslipidemia and diabetes patients in the intervention group, respectively. Second, we found that medication adherence was correlated with sex, comorbidities, history of hospitalization, and the number of prescribed medications.
Conclusion
Increasing the prescription length from 30 to 90 days improved medication adherence in both the dyslipidemia and type-2 diabetes patients. This shows that the policy change was successful for patients in the hospital considered for this study.
Comprehensive pan-cancer in tumors of human with tumor suppressor ZMYND11 gene
Authors: Huang Jing , Chen Jiaru , Han Cuifang , Fan Yu , Wu Yun , Cao Kun , Li Tao , Zeng Jincheng , Zhang Xiangning , Sun Xuerong , Wu Hongfu , Yu Hongbing
Published: December 2022

Background
ZMYND11 is a reader of histone proteins and plays an important inhibition role in tumor. There is growing evidence to support its importance, but without a pan-cancer analysis, Based on multiple databases, we conducted a comprehensive analysis.
Methods
Tumor data from both The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were a clear relationship observed gene expression of ZMYND11, state of survival, induction of DNA methylation, alterations in genes, contribution to the parameter of protein phosphorylation, lymphocyte immune infiltration, and correlative cellular pathways.
Results
ZMYND11 was under-expressed in the great majority of carcinomas. High expression group of ZMYND11 offers a more favorable prognosis in KIRC, LGG, MESO, LUAD,PRAD,READ,THCA,BRCA, SARC and UVM. Alterations in N304Kfs*33, K345Rfs*43 and N271Tfs*18 occur in structurally important domains of ZMYND11 and was found in prostate, colorectal and breast cancers.In most tumour tissues, ZMYND11 promoter DNA methylation was lower than in normal tissues, and promoter methylation was largely negatively correlated with mRNA expression levels. We observed low levels of phosphorylation at locus 349 protein in KIRC were identified with low total ZNYND11 protein expression. High phosphorylation levels at locus 393 protein in breast cancer with high total ZNYND11 protein expression. ZMYND11 gene expression in human tumors is mostly reflected by positively relation to immune cell infiltration while it is confirmed by positive association with CD8 + T cell. There was a differential expression of ZMYND11 in different immune subtypes. The gene enrichment SOSO2, PJA2 and KIAA1109 may be molecules interacting with ZMYND11.KEGG and GO analysis involving in RNAase II promoter regulation, positive and negative regulation of the RNAase II promoter, positive and negative regulation of DNA transcription, chromatin modification.
Conclusions
This is a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of the ZMYND11. It describes the role of ZMYND11 in tumour. and highlights a potential target for ZMYND11 in tumour.
Modifiable Contextual Factors and Implementation Processes Associated with Improved Outcomes in the Multisite Spread of a Safety Intervention
Authors: Kaplan Heather C. , Goldstein Stuart L. , Rubinson Claude , Daraiseh Nancy , Zhang Fang , Rodgers Isabelle M. , Dehale Devesh S. , Askenazi David J. , Somers Michael J.G. , Zaritsky Joshua J. , Misurac Jason , Chadha Vimal , Yonekawa Karyn E. , Sutherland Scott , Weng Patricia L. , Walsh Kathleen E.
Published: December 2022

Background: The national spread of safety interventions has been slow and difficult. While it is widely known that hospital contextual features and implementation factors impact spread of evidence-based interventions, there is little prospective research on modifiable factors that impact implementation at multiple sites. Nephrotoxic Injury Negated by Just-in-Time Action (NINJA) is a system-level patient safety intervention that led to a sustained reduction in nephrotoxic medication–associated acute kidney injury (NTMx-AKI) at one hospital. Our objective was to prospectively characterize the association between context and implementation factors and reduction of NTMx-AKI at nine hospitals implementing NINJA, using mixed methods.
Methods: Grounded in i-PARIHS, we used qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to assess the association between context and implementation factors, measured quarterly by survey, and reduction of NTMx-AKI, measured using statistical process control and ARIMA modeling. Interviews provided an understanding of causal processes underlying associations identified in QCA. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analyzed concurrently and then merged.
Results: Five hospitals reduced AKI, four did not. Overall, the collaborative reduced NTMx- AKI by 8 cases per 1000 patient-days per month (95% CI: 14.6-1.4; p=0.018). QCA analysis revealed that hospitals needed to have a baseline AKI rate > 1.0 to reduce NTMx-AKI (Ncon 1.0, Ncov 0.83). In addition, hospitals that reduced NTMx-AKI had either (a) a pharmacist champion and > 2 pharmacists working on NINJA (Scon 1.0, Scov 0.8) or (b) No other organizational priorities causing implementation delays (Scon 1.0, Scov 0.2). Involving quality improvement coordinators or data analysts did not influence success. Qualitative interviews supported these findings and underscored the importance of how the NINJA implementation team integrated with frontline staff.
Conclusions: We identified two different pathways to successful reduction in NTMx-AKI when implementing NINJA. These findings have implications for the future spread of NINJA and suggest an approach to study spread and scale of safety interventions more broadly.
Academic Procrastination: How much does it affect medical students?
Authors: Tengiz Funda İfakat , Çakmak Çağlar , Bakiu Erald , Turan Nuri Dozdar , Demir Serhat , Çakıoğlu Ethem , Tekindal Mustafa Agah
Published: December 2022

Background
Academic procrastination is a complex phenomenon of purposeful delay which university students are well aware of. Furthermore, it has become more important during the Covid-19 pandemic as with computer-based learning. Despite its bad reputation and necessity of self-control in the course of online education, there is a lack of research on academic procrastination among students in Turkey.
Methods
In this study the Turkish version of Tuckman Procrastination Scale (Tv-TPS) was conducted on a sample consisting of 285 medical students from Turkey as a measurement of procrastination and then the relations between their procrastination level, their gender and academic achievements are investigated.
Results
The results indicated a negative correlation between the procrastination level and exam results. Unexpectedly, five questions of the scale appeared to be loaded on a different factor which showed the highest correlation coefficient with the exam results.
Conclusions
Apart from the relations between procrastination and academic achievement, these findings implied that the population and new environmental factors can be an important indicator for the determination of procrastination.
Interaction between Creation and Appreciation: How Linguistic Art Creation Impacts the Aesthetic Evaluation of Haiku Poetry and Ink Paintings
Authors: Hitsuwari Jimpei , Nomura Michio
Published: December 2022

In the psychology of aesthetics, compared to appreciation, there are fewer studies on art creation. This study aims to examine the influence of art creation on appreciation using haiku poetry with reference to the Mirror Model—a process model combining creation and appreciation. Although the model has been primarily used to examine visual arts, we examine its applicability to linguistic arts. In addition, we use ink painting to examine whether a generalization across artistic genres can occur. The 115 participants were divided into two conditions—creation and control. The former created haiku before and after appreciation, while the latter did not create any haiku. The results showed no improvement in evaluation through creation. Additionally, recognizing the difficulty related to creation leads to aesthetic evaluation, and this relationship is mediated by awe. These results expand the existing information regarding the Mirror Model in terms of the different art genres.
Linkage between Record Floods in Pakistan and a Severe Heatwave in China in the Boreal Summer of 2022
Authors: Hsu Huang-Hsiung , Hong Chi-Cherng , Huang An-Yi , Tseng Wan-Ling , Lu Mong-Ming , Chang Chih-Chun
Published: December 2022

In the boreal summer of 2022, Pakistan suffered record rainfall that led to severe flooding and left more 30 million people homeless. At the same time, a severe heatwave persisted over central China. The concurrence of these extreme events suggests a possible linkage. Our analysis of climatic data indicated that the record rainfall was triggered by an extratropical cold-dry northerly associated with European blocking interacting with an unusually strong warm-moist southerly flow from the Arabian Sea at Pakistan. Both flows joined with an easterly anomaly induced by La Niña over the northern Indian subcontinent, which resulted in strong convergence. Wave activity flux analysis indicated that the European blocking, flooding in Pakistan, and heatwave in China were teleconnected by a stationary Rossby wave-like pattern. The rainfall in Pakistan may have induced diabatic heating that forced an upper-level anomalous anticyclone downstream and strengthened the heatwave in central China.
Synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles via controlled precipitation method under oxidative atmosphere without dispersants for degradation of organic pollutants
Authors: Bellettini Gécica Cardoso , Jaramillo-Nieves Leidy Johana , Bernardin Adriano Michael
Published: December 2022

FexOy iron oxide nanoparticles are nanostructured materials that have been extensively studied nowadays. They can be produced by different methods of synthesis. However, to obtain magnetite nanoparticles it is necessary to use an inert atmosphere during synthesis. This work aimed to produce magnetite NPs by the synthesis of nanostructured iron oxide powders using the controlled precipitation method without the need for an inert atmosphere. The synthesis was carried out using iron chloride, iron sulfate and ammonium hydroxide as reagents. In the synthesis process, temperature, dripping time and stirring speed of the mixture were controlled. The powders were characterized by structural (XRD, FTIR) and morphological (TEM) analysis. The results show particles ranging from 4 to 10 nm, with partially spherical morphology. It was possible to produce magnetite NPs without the use of an inert atmosphere, and, therefore, the synthesis by the controlled precipitation method is efficient. The photocatalytic activity tests showed over 80% degradation of the methylene blue dye within a period of 120 min.
UMOYA: A prospective longitudinal cohort study to evaluate novel diagnostic tools and to assess long-term impact on lung health in South African children with presumptive pulmonary TB – a study protocol
Authors: Dewandel Isabelle , Niekerk Margaret van , Walters Elisabetta Ghimenton , Palmer Megan , Anthony Michaile G. , McKenzie Carla , Croucamp Rolanda , Alter Galit , Demers Anne-Marie , Zyl Gert van , Claassen Mathilda , Goussard Pierre , Swanepoel Ruan , Hoddinott Graeme , Bosch Corne , Dunbar Rory , Allwood Brian , McCollum Eric D. , Schaaf H. Simon , Hesseling Anneke C. , Zalm Marieke M. van der
Published: December 2022

Background
Despite a high paediatric tuberculosis (TB) burden globally, sensitive and specific diagnostic tools are lacking. In addition, no data exist on the impact of pulmonary TB on long-term child lung health in low- and middle-income countries. The prospective observational UMOYA study aims 1) to build a state-of-the-art clinical, radiological, and biological repository of well-characterised children with presumptive pulmonary TB as a platform for future studies to explore new emerging diagnostic tools and biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment response; and 2) to investigate the short and long-term impact of pulmonary TB on lung health and quality of life in children.
Methods
We will recruit up to 600 children (0–13 years) with presumptive pulmonary TB and 100 healthy controls. Recruitment started in November 2017 and is expected to continue until May 2023. Sputum and non-sputum-based samples are collected at enrolment and during follow-up in TB cases and symptomatic controls. TB treatment is started by routine care services. Intensive follow-up for 6 months will allow for TB cases to retrospectively be classified according to international consensus clinical case definitions for TB. Long-term follow-up, including imaging, comprehensive assessment of lung function and quality of life questionnaires, are done yearly up to 4 years after recruitment.
Discussion
The UMOYA study will provide a unique platform to evaluate new emerging diagnostic tools and biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment response and to investigate long-term outcomes of pulmonary TB and other respiratory events on lung health in children.
Reverse Dynamics Analysis of Contact Force and Muscle Activities during the Golf Swing after Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Harada Tetsunari , Hamai Satoshi , Okazawa Kazuya , Fujita Tsutomu , Hara Daisuke , Kozono Naoya , Kawahara Shinya , Yamaguchi Ryosuke , Fujii Masanori , Ikemura Satoshi , Motomura Goro , Nakashima Yasuharu
Published: December 2022

There are no reports on hip kinetics including contact forces and muscle activities during the golf swing after total hip arthroplasty (THA). The aim of this study was to identify the characteristics of three-dimensional dynamics during the golf swing. Ten unilateral primary THA patients participated in motion capture test of their driver golf swing. The driver swing produced approximately 20–30° of rotation in both lead and trail replaced hips. The mean hip contact forces (HCFs) of lead and trail replaced hips were 5.1 and 6.6 x body weight, respectively. Left and right THAs showed similar HCFs of lead and trail hips. More than 60% of the Percent maximum voluntary isometric contraction was found in bilateral iliopsoas muscles in all unilateral THA. Three factors [male sex, higher modified Harris Hip Score, and lower HCF of surgical side] had a negative effect on the golf-related replacement hip pain. Golf is an admissible sport after THA because driver swings do not contribute excessive rotation or contact forces to hip prostheses. HCF could be reduced through swing adjustments, which may allow patients with golf-related replacement hip pain to develop a comfortable golf game free from pain. Subject terms: total hip arthroplasty, golf, motion analysis, contact force, muscle activity
Effect of Bacillus subtilis strain Z15 secondary metabolites on immune function in mice
Authors: Cao Xi-Yuan , Yang Jun , Zhao Jing-Jing , Chen Zhong-Yi , Yin Li , Aaimaier Reyihanguli , Zhang Qi , You Jia , Zhang Hui , Li Hao-Ran , Chen Jia-Yi , Mao Qing-Chen , Yang Li-Ping , Yu Fei , Zhao He-Ping , Zhao Hui-Xin
Published: December 2022

Previous studies have shown that secondary metabolites of Bacillus subtilis strain Z15 (BS-Z15) are effective in treating fungal infections in mice. To evaluate whether it also modulates immune function in mice to exert antifungal effects, we investigated the effect of BS-Z15 secondary metabolites on both the innate and adaptive immune functions of mice, and explored its molecular mechanism through blood transcriptome analysis. The study showed that BS-Z15 secondary metabolites increased the number of monocytes and platelets in the blood, improved NK cell activity and phagocytosis of monocytes-macrophages, increased the conversion rate of lymphocytes in the spleen, the number of T lymphocytes and the antibody production capacity of mice, and increased plasma levels of IFN-γ, IL-6, IgG and IgM. The blood transcriptome analysis revealed 608 differentially expressed genes following treatment with BS-Z15 secondary metabolites, all of which were significantly enriched in the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes terms for immune-related entries and pathways such as TNF and TLR signaling pathways, and upregulated expression levels of immune-related genes such as C1qb, C4b, TCR and RFX5. BS-Z15 secondary metabolites were shown to enhance innate and adaptive immune function in mice, laying a theoretical foundation for its development and application in the field of immunity.
5f electronic states in the UTe2 superconductor from XANES and XMCD studies
Authors: Wilhelm Fabrice , Sanchez Jean-Pierre , Braithwaite Daniel , Knebel Georg , Lapertot Gérard , Rogalev Andrei
Published: December 2022

The recent discovery of superconductivity in paramagnetic UTe2 turns spotlight on a serious candidate for spin-triplet state. It exhibits highly unusual transport and magnetic properties which are extremely sensitive to pressure. To draw a complete picture of the superconducting state in UTe2 precise knowledge of the electronic properties of the 5f states of Uranium is missing. We report on x-ray absorption and magnetic circular dichroism experiments performed at the U- M4,5 edges at 2.7 K. In the normal phase the 5f electron count is found to be close to 2.8 at ambient pressure. Partial delocalization of the 5f electrons is further confirmed by the reduced value of the U orbital to spin magnetic moment ratio deduced from the XMCD spectra. X-ray absorption measurements under applied pressure show that the 5f count is reduced by 0.2 electrons pointing out an increase of the valency towards U4+ at the transition to a magnetically ordered state at Pc ≈ 1.5 GPa. Surprisingly, at pressures above 4 GPa, the 5f count increases towards U3+. This points out a change of the electronic structure in the tetragonal phase observed by x-ray diffraction above 4 GPa with a new superconducting state. The observed valence instabilities and their interplay with magnetism seem to be important ingredients to understand the electronic structure in UTe2 in different phases.
Association between Iron-Folic Acid Supplementation and Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension among Pregnant Women in Public Hospitals, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia 2021: A Case- Control Study
Authors: Asres Abiyot Wolie , Samueal Serawit , Daga Wakgari Binu , Tena Atsede , Alemu Afework , Workie Shimelash Bitew , Alemayehu Mihiretu , Messel Habtamu
Published: December 2022

Background: Pregnancy-induced hypertension is the new onset of high blood pressure after 20 weeks of gestation in women with previously normal blood pressure. To the best of our knowledge, no study has been conducted in our country to investigate the association between this pregnancy problem and iron-folic acid supplementation. The aim of this was determine the association between iron-folic acid supplementation and pregnancy-induced hypertension in pregnant women at public hospitals in the Wolaita Sodo Zone.
Methods: An institution-based case-control study was conducted among pregnant women who came to public hospitals in the Wolaita Sodo zone from March 3, 2022, to August 30, 2022. A consecutive sampling method was used to select the study participants. The total sample size was 492; of that, 164 were cases and 328 were controls. The data were gathered by reviewing the women's medical records and measurements and conducting face-to-face interviews using a pretested questionnaire. The information was entered into EpiData version 4.6 and exported to STATA 14. Finally, the data were analyzed by a logistic regression model using this STATA software. Those variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were declared statistically significant. Descriptive statistics and odds ratios were presented using texts, tables, and figures.
Results: A total of 471 women participated in this study, yielding a response rate of 96%. Cases had a mean age of 25 ± 4.43 and controls had a mean age of 25 ± 3.99. The mean age at first pregnancy among cases was 20 ± 2.82 and among controls was 20 ± 2.97. The average number of deliveries for cases and controls were 1.97 ± 1.41and 1.95 ± 1.38 respectively. Pregnant women with high hemoglobin levels had higher odds of pregnancy-induced hypertension as compared to those without it (AOR= 3.65; 95% CI: 1.0-12.9). Eating Kocho (AOR= 14.4; 95%CI: 1.2-167) was positively associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension. There is no significant association between iron-folic acid supplementation during pregnancy and pregnancy-induced hypertension.
Conclusions: Pregnant women with high hemoglobin levels had higher odds of pregnancy induced hypertension as compared to those without it. There is no association between iron-folic acid supplementation during pregnancy and pregnancy-induced hypertension. Measuring hemoglobin levels during a pregnant woman's first visit is done routinely in all cases. More strong designs should be done.
Elamipretide mitigates ischemia-reperfusion injury in a swine model of hemorrhagic shock
Authors: Patel Nathan , Johnson Austin M , Vapniarsky Natalia , VanBrocklin Matthew , Williams Timothy , Youngquist Scott , Ford Rebekah , Ewer Nicole , Neff Luke , Hoareau Guillaume L
Published: December 2022

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) after hemorrhage is potentiated by aortic occlusion or resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA). Given the central role of mitochondrial injury in shock, we hypothesized that Elamipretide, a peptide that protects mitochondria, would mitigate IRI after hemorrhagic shock and REBOA.
Methods: Twelve pigs were subjected to hemorrhagic shock and 45 minutes of REBOA. After 25 minutes of REBOA, animals received either saline or Elamipretide. Animals were transfused with autologous blood during balloon deflation and pigs were resuscitated with isotonic crystalloids and norepinephrine for 4.25 hours.
Results: Elamipretide-treated animals required less crystalloids than the controls (62.5 [50-90] and 25 [5-30] mL/kg, respectively), but similar amounts of norepinephrine (24.7 [8.6-39.3] and 9.7 [2.1-12.5] mcg/kg, respectively). Treatment animals had a significant reduction in serum creatinine (control: 2.7 [2.6-2.8]; Elamipretide: 2.4 [2.4-2.5] mg/dL; p=0.04), troponin (control: 3.20 [2.14-5.47] ng/mL, Elamipretide: 0.22 [0.1-1.91] ng/mL; p=0.03), and interleukin-6 concentrations at the end of the study. There were no differences in final plasma lactate concentration.
Conclusions: Elamipretide reduced fluid requirements and protected the kidney and heart after profound IRI. Further understanding the subcellular consequences of REBOA and mitochondrial rescue will open new therapeutic avenues for patients suffering from IRI after hemorrhage.