bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Profesores y estudiantes hispanos en la Universidad de Viena (1522-1739)
Authors: Ramis-Barceló Rafael , Ramis-Serra Pedro
Published: June 2021

Este trabajo estudia la presencia de profesores y estudiantes hispanos en la Universidad de Viena desde el Reinado de Carlos I hasta el exilio austracista. Con ello se quiere mostrar que la relación entre los Habsburgo de Madrid y los de Viena se tradujo también en una representación de profesores y alumnos hispanos en la Universidad de Viena. Esta presencia, que puede constatarse ya en los reinados de Carlos I y Felipe II, se incrementó especialmente en el reinado de Felipe IV y, sobre todo, en la época que abarca desde 1715 a 1739, en la que estudiaron en la Universidad los hijos de los exiliados austracistas.
Microbiological profile of leg ulcer infections: review study
Authors: Garcia Taysa de Fátima , Borges Eline Lima , Junho Thaisa Oliveira de Castro , Spira Josimare Aparecida Otoni
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the microbiological profile of leg ulcers of patients treated at outpatient clinics and hospitals regarding the type of microorganism, microbiological selection of antibiotics, and techniques for the collection of culture material. Methods: literature review performed on LILACS, IBECS, MEDLINE, and CINAHL databases, resulting in a descriptive analysis of 27 studies. Results: 35.7% of the studies occurred in an outpatient care scenario; and 64.2% in hospitals. There was a predominance of swab (100%) in outpatient care and biopsy (55.5%) in the hospital. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus were more common at both levels of assistance. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in both. Conclusions: the microbiological profile of infections was similar, with the presence of resistant bacteria in both environments. This fact causes concern and raises the need for research to elucidate it. The studies did not compare the effectiveness between biopsy and swab.
Impact of social protection programs on adults diagnosed with Tuberculosis: systematic review
Authors: Aragão Francisca Bruna Arruda , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre , Fuentealba-Torres Miguel , Carneiro Tânia Silva Gomes , Souza Ludmilla Leidianne Limíro , Alves Yan Mathias , Fiorati Regina Célia
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the impact of social protection programs on adults diagnosed with Tuberculosis. Methods: systematic review conducted by PRISMA, with registration PROSPERO CRD42019130884. The studies were identified in the VHL, PubMed, Scielo, CINAHL and Scopus databases, using the descriptors “Social Protection” and “Tuberculosis”, in combination with keywords combined with Boolean operators AND and OR. Observational and interventional studies published until October 23, 2019, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, were included. Results: social protection programs improve the treatment of tuberculosis, cure rates, adherence to treatment, the provision of services for the control of TB and reduce poverty. Conclusions: social protection programs have a positive impact on the treatment and control of people diagnosed with Tuberculosis.
Therapeutic itinerary of elderly people with diabetes mellitus: implications for nursing care
Authors: Oliveira Francine Feltrin de , Beuter Margrid , Schimith Maria Denise , Leite Marinês Tambara , Backes Carolina , Benetti Eliane Raquel Rieth , Venturini Larissa
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the therapeutic itinerary of elderly people with diabetes mellitus registered at Family Health Strategy units. Methods: qualitative and descriptive study carried out with 15 elderly people with diabetes mellitus between February and April 2019 by applying semi-structured interviews with the participants. Data were submitted to analysis of Minayo’s operational proposal. Results: in the folk care subsystem, the use of medicinal herbs, healers, and faith was emphasized by the participants. In the professional care subsystem, Family Health Strategy units were the services with the strongest bond to elderly people, but these patients still had to resort to the private healthcare network. Family proved to be the main source of support in the popular care subsystem. Final considerations: nursing must acknowledge the different types of knowledge, coping strategies, beliefs, and the culture of elderly people with diabetes mellitus to guarantee the delivery of comprehensive care.
Why does your pain never get better? Stigma and coping mechanism in people with sickle cell disease
Authors: Carvalho Evanilda Souza de Santana , Carneiro Jayanne Moreira , Gomes Aline Silva , Freitas Katia Santana , Jenerette Coretta Melissa
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the characteristics of stigma in the interactions of people with pain and sickle cell disease and the coping strategies adopted. Methods: qualitative study, conducted in Bahia’s reference units between January and July 2018. In-depth interviews were applied to 25 adults, followed by content analysis and interpretation in light of the Sociological Theory of Stigma. Results: four categories emerged from the data: Stigma in interactions with family members; Stigma in interactions with people in the general public; Stigma in interactions with health workers; and Strategies for coping with stigma. Final Considerations: in the participants’ interactions, stigma produced discrediting pain reports, labeling and stereotyping, blaming patients for not improving their health, discrimination, racism, inadequate pain assessment, and delay in care. Coping included silencing, covering up, aggressive behavior, exposure to risk, reading religious texts and praises, and church attendance.
Factors related to the use of religious coping by informal caregivers: an integrative review
Authors: Farinha Francely Tineli , Bom Gesiane Cristina , Manso Maila Meryellen Ferreira Garcia , Razera Ana Paula Ribeiro , Mondini Cleide Carolina da Silva Demoro , Trettene Armando dos Santos
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the factors related to the use of religious coping in informal caregivers. Methods: integrative literature review carried out through a search in the databases LILACS, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL, in addition to the Virtual Health Library and SciELO. The study selected primary articles in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, using the descriptors Coping Behavior, Caregivers, Spirituality, and Religion, which were combined with each other and with synonyms. There was no time limit for the publications. Results: nine articles were selected. Factors related to the use of religious coping in informal caregivers included: having an advanced age, experiencing traumatic situations, being under overload, being a spouse or mother, caring for hospitalized individuals, or for those with chronic diseases and high degrees of dependence. Conclusions: the factors related to the use of religious coping are multifaceted and involve physical, psychological, psychosocial, and situational aspects.
Characterization and molecular cloning of secreted α-amylase with dominant activity from mon thong durian (Durio zibethinus murr. cv. mon thong)
Authors: Posoongnoen Saijai , Ubonbal Raksmont , Klaynongsruang Sompong , Daduang Jureerut , Roytrakul Sittiruk , Daduang Sakda
Published: June 2021

Abstract The secreted α-amylase with dominant activity was purified from the crude extract of Mon Thong durian by steps of ammonium sulphate precipitation and the affinity column chromatography. The purified α-amylase (DzAmy1) had a molecular mass of approximately 44 kDa. Its optimum pH and temperature for activity were 7.0 and 50°C, respectively. The enzyme was stable from pH 6 to 10 and from 30 to 60°C. Many metal ions did not affect amylase activity. The gene cloning of DzAmy1 was carried out and it was confirmed that DzAmy1 gene consisted of 1,254 bp open reading frame, which encoded 23 amino acids of the signal peptide and 395 amino acids of mature protein with a calculated molecular mass of 43.7 kDa. The isoelectric point of the enzyme was 5.78. DzAmy1 was shown to belong to sub-family one of the plant α-amylases based on phylogenetic tree analysis. Structural characterization by homology modelling suggested that it consisted of 3 domains with a catalytic triad in domain A. Recombinant DzAmy1 (rDzAmy1) was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli and had hydrolysis activity for starch and ethylidene-pNP-G7, which was clearly confirmed the authenticity of DzAmy1 as a functional α-amylase.
Quem é o “cidadão de bem”?
Authors: Costa José Fernando Andrade
Published: June 2021

Resumo A figura do chamado “cidadão de bem” constitui um tipo de estratégia discursiva ideológica e expressa uma patologia social da cidadania brasileira. O objetivo deste ensaio é submeter essa figura a uma análise crítica de seus pressupostos discursivos, históricos, morais e políticos. Para tanto, recorremos ao modelo de crítica imanente da ideologia proposto por Rahel Jaeggi. Identificamos contradições e problemas decorrentes do uso retórico da figura do “cidadão de bem” relacionadas: ao apelo punitivista e por armas de fogo para civis; às representações ideológicas de gênero, raça e classe; à função social da mídia; e ao neoconservadorismo político. A contradição fundamental do “cidadão de bem” não é em relação à figura do “bandido” ou “vagabundo”, mas ao próprio ideal de universalização da cidadania. Enquanto expressão da ideologia, o “cidadão de bem” se revela um verdadeiro anticidadão e, portanto, um risco para a democracia.
Learning by Proustian Signs in a Philosophy of Difference
Authors: Vitorino Artur José Renda , Felix Grace da Silva
Published: June 2021

Resumo Este artigo propõe perscrutar pela exterioridade das relações seriais o fenômeno aprender, no sentido de tensionar o campo didático para além do fenômeno instrução, ensino intencional, que se realiza em circunstâncias bem características e delimitadas – as quais são denominadas de ensino escolar. Envolto nesse problema do fenômeno aprender, revistaremos o livro Proust e os signos, no intento de aí flagrar como os signos proustianos nos abrem diferentemente à aprendizagem infinitesimal pelas repetições materiais e espirituais, diferindo no tempo.
Currículo Paralelo: Uma Realidade na Formação dos Estudantes de Medicina da Uerj
Authors: Taquette Stella R. , Costa-Macedo Lêda Maria da , Alvarenga Fátima de Barros Fonseca
Published: June 2021

Resumo: A formação médica tem sido complementada, nas últimas décadas, por estágios extracurriculares realizados pelos graduandos fora da escola médica. Com o objetivo de avaliar o currículo paralelo na formação dos estudantes de medicina da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (FCM-Uerj), foi realizada uma pesquisa entre alunos do sexto ano de 2001. Aplicou-se um questionário com perguntas abertas, sobre estágios extracurriculares realizados sem o conhecimento formal ou supervisão da estrutura docente da universidade. Observou-se na amostra estudada (n = 63, 74% do total de alunos) que 93,7% tinham realizado pelo menos um estágio extracurricular durante os seis anos do curso médico. Emergência médica e Centro de Terapia Intensiva (CTI) corresponderam ao maior percentual de estágios realizados. A principal razão externada por eles foi a necessidade de aperfeiçoamento prático. Devido à frequência elevada com que esta prática tem ocorrido, podemos concluir que há necessidade de reavaliar o currículo médico para apurar estas demandas dos alunos e criar estratégias de melhora do ensino.
ANTONIO CANDIDO: LEITOR DE MACHADO DE ASSIS - NACIONALISMOS E ROMANTISMOS
Authors: RODRIGUES GUILHERME
Published: June 2021

Resumo Este artigo propõe a análise da leitura da obra machadiana por Antonio Candido, recorrendo principalmente a dois textos do crítico: “Música e música” e “Esquema de Machado de Assis”.
Reescrevendo a narrativa: racismo em livros infantis da época de Monteiro Lobato
Authors: Bignotto Cilza
Published: June 2021

Resumo Os debates sobre a representação estereotipada e racista na literatura infanto-juvenil de Monteiro Lobato apontam uma questão central nos estudos literários: como ler obras em diferentes contextos históricos, sociais e culturais e cujos padrões morais e éticos podem entrar radicalmente em conflito com os nossos? Este artigo propõe investigar o contexto literário em torno da obra infantil de Lobato por meio da análise de obras de literatura infantojuvenil que circularam no Brasil entre o fim do século XIX e o começo do século XX. O estudo permite compreender o repertório com o qual as obras de Lobato dialogavam e, ao comparar representações de personagens negros, oferece nova perspectiva para o entendimento da literatura infantil de Monteiro Lobato.
Escrevivência, testemunho e direitos humanos em Olhos d’água de Conceição Evaristo
Authors: Pinto-Bailey Cristina Ferreira
Published: June 2021

Resumo: Orientando-se por estudos críticos sobre a literatura dos direitos humanos, a literatura testemunhal, e a narrativa (auto)biográfica, este ensaio apresenta uma análise de contos do volume Olhos d’água (2014) de Conceição Evaristo, visando interrogar o papel da narrativa de ficção como literatura de resistência e testemunho que empresta voz a indivíduos comumente silenciados em um contexto de opressão racial e econômica. A literatura de Evaristo se articula sobre o que ela conceitua como escrevivência, ou seja, uma escrita originada da experiência do sujeito. Este é maiormente a mulher negra e pobre com a qual a voz narrativa estabelece uma íntima identificação, o que confere à obra uma dimensão autográfica e testemunhal, de denúncia sobre a violação dos direitos humanos da população negra brasileira.
“The Ultimate Drive by”: Racionais MC’s, Ice Cube, and the Pursuit of Blackness
Authors: Dutra Paulo
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Considering that hip-hop music is the foremost contemporary artistic expression of Black lives I discuss American rapper Ice Cube’s track “I wanna Kill Sam” and Brazilian group Racionais Mc’s’s track “Racistas otários”. The two tracks have in common the fact that they address the experiences of Black people through their relationship with public policies and institutions that claim to promote the emancipation of Black people in Brazil and in the USA. I, then, demonstrate that the Racionais and Ice Cube symbolically (re)dimension contemporary “Blackness” as a result of the constant physical and symbolic clashes that started back in the slavery regime.
Técnica Delphi no processo de validação do Questionário de Avaliação da Atenção Básica (QualiAB) para aplicação nacional
Authors: Zarili Thais Fernanda Tortorelli , Castanheira Elen Rose Lodeiro , Nunes Luceime Olivia , Sanine Patrícia Rodrigues , Carrapato Josiane Fernandes Lozigia , Machado Dinair Ferreira , Ramos Nádia Placideli , Mendonça Carolina Siqueira , Nasser Mariana Arantes , Andrade Marta Campagnoni , Nemes Maria Ines Battistella
Published: June 2021

Resumo Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever o uso da Técnica Delphi no processo de atualização e validação de conteúdo do Questionário de Avaliação da Qualidade de Serviços de Atenção Básica (QualiAB) para aplicação nacional. Deste estudo participaram 19 especialistas com experiência em pesquisa em avaliação em saúde, assistência e gestão em atenção primária à saúde (APS). Uma versão revisada do instrumento QualiAB com 105 indicadores foi encaminhada para avaliação quanto ao grau de relevância, aplicabilidade nacional e aceitabilidade. A Técnica Delphi modificada foi realizada em duas rodadas. Os resultados apontam que a taxa de resposta na primeira rodada foi de 73,6%, 40 indicadores foram aceitos e 65 não obtiveram consenso, dos quais 54 receberam sugestões de alteração da questão e/ou do indicador. Na segunda rodada a taxa de resposta foi de 92,8%. Foram reenviados 65 indicadores com incorporação de alterações, dos quais seis foram aceitos. Dos 59 restantes, 51 obtiveram sugestões de alteração. A Técnica Delphi modificada contribuiu para o aprimoramento do instrumento QualiAB enquanto etapa intermediária de um processo de validação iterativa. Contudo, a realização em duas rodadas demonstrou ser insuficiente para validação dos indicadores de qualidade organizacional diante da abrangência e diversidade das ações realizadas pelos serviços de APS.
Desenvolvimento profissional docente em tempos de neoliberalismo acadêmico: o que pensam professores enfermeiros
Authors: Borba Kátia Pereira de , Clapis Maria José
Published: June 2021

RESUMO Partindo-se da premissa que o desenvolvimento profissional docente tem profunda relação com o exercício da docência, realizou-se um estudo de caso naturalístico, que objetivou analisar a percepção de professores enfermeiros atuantes em um curso de Enfermagem de uma Universidade Pública, sobre os aspectos que envolvem o desenvolvimento profissional docente e o exercício da docência. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevista semiestruturada, mediante aprovação por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, em que participaram 30 professores. Verificou-se que os professores enfermeiros entendem a função primordial da universidade pública como uma instituição social, consentem com a sua função hegemônica contemporânea, enquanto organização social e percebem a sua estrutura física, como elemento contribuinte para o desenvolvimento profissional docente. Compreendeu-se que o desenvolvimento profissional docente de professores enfermeiros universitários exerce influência sobre o exercício da docência.
Transfer of patients in hospital units: impacts on nursing workload
Authors: Trovó Simone Aparecida , Cucolo Danielle Fabiana , Perroca Márcia Galan
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To measure the average time spent by the nursing team in transferring patients; to compare the activities observed during the performance of this intervention with those described by the Nursing Interventions Classification and to investigate the intensity of its influence on the workload. Method: Observational study using timekeeping software conducted in two hospitals in the northwest region of the State of São Paulo. 200 patient transfers were monitored by the team using two validated instruments. Results: The average time spent by nurses on transfers ranged from 9.3 (standard deviation = 3.5) to 12.2 (standard deviation = 2.5) minutes and by assistants/ technicians between 7.1 (standard deviation = 2,8) and 11.0 (standard deviation = 2.2) minutes. 63 transfers made by nurses and 87 by assistants/technicians were considered qualified (>70% of the score). The team expended 19.3 to 29% of the working day time in this intervention. Conclusion: The transfer of patients has an impact on the workload of the team and needs to be considered in the measurement of nursing activities for the calculation and distribution of personnel to improve the quality and continuity of care.
O AMBIENTE EDUCACIONAL PELAS LENTES DE UM GRUPO DE MENTORIA ENTRE PARES PARA ESTUDANTES DE MEDICINA
Authors: Cruz Bruna Carolina Pereira , Costa Lídia Duarte , Cavalcanti Ana Carolina Damasceno , Gonçalves Fernanda Dominique de Souza , Faria Manuella Costa de Melo , Oliveira Graziella Lage
Published: June 2021

A percepção do processo de aprendizagem é moldada por experiências individuais e relacionadas ao meio acadêmico. Este artigo objetivou avaliar a percepção do ambiente educacional de estudantes de medicina ligados ao grupo de mentoria entre pares GEDAAM (Grupo de Estudos em Didática Aplicada ao Aprendizado da Medicina) da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Os dados são provenientes de estudo transversal com 129 membros do GEDAAM. A escala Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) foi utilizada para avaliar a percepção do ambiente educacional. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e comparativas (Teste Qui-quadrado). Para quase todos os Domínios avaliados a percepção dos estudantes foi mais positiva do que negativa (escore Global=108,41). Quanto maior o tempo de permanência no GEDAAM, pior a percepção Global do ambiente educacional. Sugere-se que participar do GEDAAM contribua para uma visão mais crítica do ambiente de ensino de medicina.
Cardiac and Noncardiac Determinants of Exercise Capacity in CKD
Authors: Chinnappa Shanmugakumar , Lewis Nigel , Baldo Omer , Shih Ming-Chieh , Tu Yu-Kang , Mooney Andrew
Published: June 2021

Significance Statement

A detailed understanding of the determinants of exercise capacity in CKD has been lacking. For the first time, the authors demonstrate the differential role of cardiac and noncardiac factors in determining exercise capacity in CKD, finding that the exercising skeletal muscles’ ability to extract oxygen is the predominant determinant of exercise capacity in CKD, followed by the heart’s ability to generate stroke volume and raise heart rate. Exercise capacity in CKD was impaired even in the absence of any known cardiac diseases or diabetes mellitus, and with a graded decline proportionate to CKD severity. These findings have significant implications in the interpretation of objective measures of exercise capacity in CKD when evaluating cardiovascular fitness, quantifying the benefits of exercise training, and selecting patients for renal transplantation.

Background

Impaired exercise capacity is a significant symptom of CKD and is associated with poor survival. Furthermore, there is a growing interest in applying exercise as a diagnostic tool or as therapy in CKD. However, an in-depth understanding of exercise physiology in CKD is still lacking.

Methods

To evaluate the role of cardiac (central) and noncardiac (peripheral) determinants of exercise capacity in CKD, we conducted a cross-sectional study of 70 male patients with CKD (stages 2–5) without diabetes or cardiac disease, 35 healthy controls, and 25 patients with heart failure. An integrated cardiopulmonary exercise test using a CO2 rebreathing technique was used to measure peak O2 consumption (VO2peak) and peak cardiac output simultaneously, and to calculate peak peripheral O2 extraction (C[a-v]O2), the peripheral determinant (the ability of exercising skeletal muscles to extract oxygen). We performed multiple regression analysis and used Bayesian information criteria (BIC) changes to quantitatively assess the individual contribution of central and peripheral factors.

Results

Compared with healthy controls, in patients with CKD, the VO2peak was impaired proportionate to its severity. Peak cardiac output was the predominant determinant of VO2peak in healthy controls and patients with heart failure, whereas C(a-v)O2 played a more significant role in determining VO2peak in CKD (β=0.68, P<0.001) compared with cardiac output (β=0.63, P<0.001). In addition, the magnitude of BIC reduction was greater for C(a-v)O2 compared with cardiac output (BIC, 298.72 versus 287.68) in CKD.

Conclusions

In CKD, both peak cardiac output and peak C(a-v)O2 are independent predictors of VO2peak, and the more significant roleplayed by peak C(a-v)O2 highlights the importance of noncardiac factors in determining exercise capacity in CKD.
Effect of Submerging Solanum lycopersicum Roots in Salicylic Acid (SA) Solution for Different Durations on Nematode Infection and Expressions of SlPR5 Gene
Authors: BOZBUGA Refik
Published: June 2021

Salicylic acid (SA) stimulates the mechanism of the plant defence and involves in a role in plant pathogen interactions. Plant parasitic nematodes are important biotic stresses causing negative effect on plant growth and development. Treatment of plant roots with SA may increase the plant defence mechanisms against biotic stresses. However, the treated effect of SA on plant defence mechanisms against a root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, has not been fully understood in terms of plant pathogen interactions. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the most effective SA exposure time on increasing the plant defence and decreasing the nematode parasitism in Solanum lycopersicum. In addition, effects of SA treatment on the expression Pathogenesis Related Gene 5 (PR5) was evaluated. For this aim, tomato seedlings were exposed within 1000µM SA concentration with distinctive time durations. The expression of PR5 gene was accomplished using RT-PCR at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 days post infection (dpi) for each sample. Root galling index, nematode number and reproduction rate were evaluated. Results revealed that nematode reproduction rate was decreased at in longer durations after SA treatment on roots. The highest nematode reproduction rate was determined in nematode+water (non-SA treatment) application compare to SA treatments. The highest increased level of expression of SlPR5 gene was determined in early (1 dpi) SA treatment + nematode infection. To conclude, SA treatment may increase the plant defence mechanisms and PR5 gene may involve in nematode-plant parasitism.
Alteration of Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content during the Eight-Week Fermentation of Apple Cider Vinegar
Authors: BUDAK Havva Nilgün
Published: June 2021

Apple is one of the delicious fruit consumed by people. Apple cider vinegar was made through the traditional method and the changes occurred during the 8 week fermentation period were determined in this research. Total titratable acidity, pH, total soluble solids (°brix), total phenolic contents, Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) and Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) assays, phenolic contents were determined. Total phenolic substance, ORAC and TEAC values increased significantly weekly and reached the highest level in the 3rd week. Total phenolic substance, ORAC and TEAC values of 3rd week apple vinegar were determined as 1110.63 mg GAE L-1, 10.92 mM and 21.11 µmol TE mL-1, respectively. Apple vinegar samples had gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, chlorogenic acid, and p-coumaric acid. The major phenolic substances in apple vinegar were gallic acid and chlorogenic acid. While gallic acid value of 3rd and 4th week apple vinegar were detected 11.91 and 23.69 mg L-1, respectively; chlorogenic acid value of 4th and 5th week apple vinegar were found 46.36 and 49.71 mg L-1. Antioxidant activity and phenolic substances values were not significant reduction during the acetic acid fermentation. In this study, the formation process of the functional and sensory properties of apple cider vinegar due to the change in the weekly antioxidant and bioactive component content of apple cider vinegar was emphasized.
The Meaning of 'Liberalism' in the Thought of John Henry Newman
Authors: Morris-Chapman Daniel Pratt
Published: June 2021

On becoming a cardinal John Henry Newman made the declaration that he had spent his life opposing 'liberalism in religion'. Historians, including the late Frank Turner, dispute Newman's rendition. Indeed, Turner suggests that Newman used this phantom term as a smokescreen and that his
supposed opposition to liberalism was in fact a calculated attempt to curry favour with the Vatican. Whether or not Turner's analysis explains the variety of conflicting interpretations given within Newman scholarship it is clear that a comprehensive definition of this term has so far proved
elusive. Here Turner's revisionist account is discussed in relation to Newman's Anglican and Catholic use of this term. This is followed by a survey of the relevant Newman literature in which three distinct patterns of interpretation are identified. The article then explores whether an understanding
of Newman's classical formation may offer a clue for unlocking the complexity of this term. Newman's references to the ancient world are examined in relation to his use of the term liberalism and it is proposed that this offers the possibility of a more complete understanding of Newman's conception
of the antecedents and developments of liberalism.
Niyâzî-i Mısrî ve Yaşadığı Dönemin Özellikleri
Authors: GÖK Bilal
Published: June 2021

Niyâzî-i Mısrî, isminde yer alan Mısrî nisbeti sebebiyle Mısırlı olduğu zannı uyandırsa da aslında O, Malatya’da dünyaya gelmiş, ilk eğitimini burada almış bir Türk mutasavvıf ve şairidir. Genç yaşta tasavvufa ilgi duymaya başlayan Niyâzî, ilim öğrenmek maksadıyla gittiği Kahire’deki el-Ezher’de medrese ilimlerini talim ederken, aynı zamanda tasavvuf terbiyesini de ihmal etmemiştir. Tekrar Anadolu topraklarına döndükten sonra Halvetî şeyhi Elmalılı Ümmî Sinan’a intisap ederek tarikattaki seyri sülûkunu ondan tamamlamıştır. Şeyhi tarafından hilafetle taltif edilen Niyâzî, şeyhinin vefatından sonra Halvetî tasavvuf ekolünün başına geçmiş ve kendisine has Mısriyye Tarikatı’nı kurmuştur. Bu yönüyle de asırlar boyunca manevi açıdan olgun insanların yetişmesine vesile olmuştur. O, bu yönüyle Türk tasavvuf tarihinde büyük öneme sahip olan bir şahsiyettir. Niyâzî, ilmi ve fikri derinliği açısından Muhyiddin İbnü’l-Arabî, şairliği yönüyle de Yunus Emre ile kıyaslanmıştır. Mısrî’nin Divan’ında yer alan şiirleri, yüzyıllar boyunca okunan ölmez eserler niteliğindedir. Yaşadığı devrin siyasi ve toplumsal hadiseleri karşısında ilgisiz kalmadığı görülen Mısrî; tasavvufla alakalı konularda orijinal yorumlar yapmıştır. Bu çalışmada Mısrî’nin ilim, arif ve nitelikleri, şeriat-tarikat-hakikat ilişkisi, seyr-i sülûk, nefsin mertebeleri, ibadet ve ihlâs, zikir ve güzel ahlâk konularındaki fikirleri üzerinde durulacaktır. Diğer taraftan Mısrî’nin düşünce dünyası hakkında doğru tespitler yapabilmek için onun yaşadığı dönemin siyasi ve sosyal yapısı ana hatlarıyla ele alınacaktır.
Liberal Dependency Care
Authors: Bhandary Asha
Published: June 2021

Dependency care is an asymmetric good; everyone needs to receive it, but it is not the case that we all have to provide it. Despite ethicists' of care's theorizing about the importance of dependency care, it has yet to be theorized within a form of liberalism. This paper theorizes two components of a liberal theory of dependency care. First, it advances a liberal justification to include the receipt of dependency care among the benefits of social cooperation. Then, it advances an autonomy-based principle to guide how care should be provided (" strong proceduralism "). Strong proceduralism is based on an account of autonomy that incorporates the significance of a person's skills when he parses options. Strong proceduralism consequently requires educational efforts to teach care-giving skills to groups who have not previously possessed them. I hypothesize that strong proceduralism will secure adequate care provision as the outcome of autonomous choice, but if an inadequate number of people choose to provide care, then a secondary stage of deliberations will be necessary. If the outcome of those secondary deliberations is that people want to have their care needs met, then a fair process for distributing infringements on autonomy must be devised.
‘In the Meantime’: Ordinary Life in Continuous Medical Testing for Lung Cancer
Authors: Frumer Michal , Andersen Rikke Sand , Vedsted Peter , Offersen Sara Marie Hebsgaard
Published: June 2021

Based on ethnographic fieldwork among Danes undergoing CT scans as part of follow-up testing for potential lung cancer, we explore how access to technologies generates diagnostic uncertainty and trends of continuous testing. Our research is set in the context of a welfare state that has cultivated forms of government whose public health branches focus on early diagnosis and cancer control. Many studies on biotechnologies emphasise subject-making and power relations. Inspired by the work of Veena Das, we adopt an approach that focuses on the entanglement of diagnostic investigations with everyday life. We argue that being followed establishes a mode of being which we call ‘in the meantime’. Life in the meantime is equally characterised by a dramatic mode of being—that is, waiting for death—and an ambiguous mode of being: feeling quite well. As with any life crisis, it involves some sense of agency. We show in this paper how life in the meantime informs an ordinary ethics that encourages three ethical concerns in everyday life: firstly, how to inhabit life in the meantime? Secondly, what good is the testing for? And finally, what is a good death?
Diagnostic Citizenship and the Biopolitical Uptake of COVID-19 Detection
Authors: Price Dalton
Published: June 2021

This essay examines an oddity of SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing—referred to here as a ‘persistent positive’—in which an individual can test positive for COVID-19 for weeks or even months after initial infection despite no longer being symptomatic or contagious. In Florida, where recent legislation requires healthcare workers affected by COVID-19 to have two negative test results before they can return to work, the issue of persistent positives poses a significant challenge for a small sub-group. I identify an important disconnect between the biological and the biopolitical where SARS-CoV-2 test results are mis-inscribed into biopolitics as bureaucratic state legal codes and employment requirements. Using ethnographic evidence, I show how their test results are less important than the state’s interpretation and enactment of these test results. I describe a techno-political phenomenon wherein the technical (in this case diagnostic testing) selectively offers up rights to those recovering from COVID-19. Those with persistent positives performatively engage in testing as a means of navigating the legal codes that deny them the right to work. Testing for them is an attempt to return to a normal life, not to find out whether they are living an abnormal one. A breed of biological citizenship, perhaps a diagnostic citizenship, is formed in which they need a certain result, no matter what that result means biologically, in order to exercise certain rights. These reflections encourage a rethink about the role of testing technology as an instrument of government and biomedical authority more broadly.
Infrastructural Instability, Value, and Laboratory Work in a Public Hospital in Sierra Leone
Authors: Vernooij Eva
Published: June 2021

This research article examines the relationship between infrastructural instability and laboratory work in a public referral hospital in Sierra Leone. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork conducted inside the hospital’s wards and clinical laboratory, I show how attending to infrastructure and materiality (i.e., laboratory spaces, diagnostic equipment, and supply chains) provides insight into the different kinds of value that laboratory work holds for laboratory technicians, clinicians, hospital administrators, and international donors. Through the case study of a newly arrived non-functioning diagnostic instrument, I reveal the institutional undervaluing of both the laboratory and the improvisation work performed by lab technicians to stabilise unstable equipment. Infrastructural instability in the laboratory enables the generation of new kinds of value, including economic and social value for laboratory technicians themselves, but undermines the clinical value of laboratory tests for clinicians and patients. By discussing the everyday practices, challenges, and meanings of laboratory work in a context of infrastructural instability, I aim to draw attention to the clinical laboratory space as a field site worthy of (more) anthropological inquiry and health systems research and contribute new insights about improvisation, instability, and diagnostic value creation in under-resourced settings.
Thirty Years after The End of History? EAFIT Lecture
Authors: Fukuyama Francis
Published: June 2021

Hello, my name is Francis Fukuyama and I am delighted to be able to participate in this symposium at EAFIT, on The End of History? I am a Senior fellow at Stanford University and in the summer of 1989, I published an article in the journal The National Interest titled The End of History? 30 years have passed since the publication of this article and this was a good opportunity to reflect on what has happened to the state of global democracy and global politics in those three decades.
De un bello pensamiento filosófico a una acción específica: la paz en las memorias de Ángel Cuervo y Tomás Cuenca sobre la guerra de 1859-1862
Authors: Cardona Z Patricia
Published: June 2021

Este artículo analiza en dos escritos en primera persona (memorias), de Ángel Cuervo y Tomás Cuenca, la idea de paz en la Guerra por las Soberanías (1859-1862), que enfrentó a las fuerzas oficialistas del gobierno conservador presidido por Mariano Ospina con las de los liberales lideradas por Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera. A partir del análisis de ambos textos vistos en correlación con el contexto y con documentación de época de diversa índole, se estudian algunos avenimientos y de qué modo se incorpora el derecho de gentes y los mecanismos de contención de la guerra que desembocó en la promulgación del artículo 91 de la Constitución de 1863.
RESEARCHES ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF ATHLETE STUDENTS
Authors: AL Eda , GÜVEN Özbay
Published: June 2021

In recent years, it is observed that the sedentary lifestyle among children and young people has increased, the prevalence of harmful habits has increased, and in parallel with sociological corruption, negative behaviors (peer bullying, violence, aggression, etc.) have increased. In addition, it is observed that in parallel with technological developments, young people become Internet and social addiction and parallel to this, anti-social personality structure has increased. It is known that regular exercise gives beneficial results in reducing these problems. At this point, increasing the participation of young people in sports is very important for the future generations to be physically and psychologically healthy. On the other hand, there are many obstacles to the participation of young people in sports. Similarly, it is observed that young people who regularly participate in sports and have expectations from sports in the future face various problems in the process of training and participation in competitions. Socio-economic problems have a large place among the factors that negatively affect the participation of young people who do sports both for recreational and licensed sports. Minimizing socio-economic problems is very important in increasing the participation of young people in sports. In order to achieve this, it is very important to work on determining the socio-economic problems experienced by young people who do active sports and to minimize these problems. In this research, it is aimed to examine the researches on the socio-economic problems of athlete students.
THE REFLECTION OF CULTURAL ASPECTS ON VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE: CASE OF BURHANLI VILLAGE, CEYHAN
Authors: GÖĞEBAKAN A. Yeliz , SABAN F. Duygu
Published: June 2021

Aim: The financial, social and cultural development in urban areas encouraged people to move out from rural areas which resulted in the extinction of vernacular architecture shaped as a result of cultural background. The main aim of this study is to examine how cultural aspects are reflected to spaces in vernacular architecture. Method: Burhanlı Village located in Ceyhan/Adana is chosen as the case study, because of its unique settlement character where yörük culture can still be seen. Within the scope of the study, historical development of Burhanlı village is examined, survey drawings of 16 traditional houses are prepared and interviews with local residents are undertaken in order to understand how culture is reflected in inner and outer spaces. Findings: It is ascertained that building stock in the village is mostly comprised of two storey houses, where ground floors are used as stables or warehouses, the upper floors include spaces for daily living. In the houses where sofa is the main element of the plan organization, wood, mud brick or stone was used as building material and it is revealed that traditional houses are under threat because of poor quality intervention. Conclusion: It is determined that culture was reflected more in details in inner and outer spaces rather than spatial organization and that these unique qualities have to be preserved.
Greed as a factor of family and organizational conflicts
Authors: Trofimov Andrii , Skrypka Anastasiia
Published: June 2021

The article considers the study of the peculiarities of greed as a factor in family and organizational conflicts, conducted an empirical study and presents the results of an empirical study on the manifestation of greed as a factor in family and organizational conflicts. The links between greed and indicators that reflect family and organizational conflicts have been identified and a conceptual model has been developed that reflects the content of the phenomenon under study. A proven greed reduction training has been developed that has been shown to be effective. Greed as a factor of conflict is manifested from and as resources to solve the problem, and as the destruction of relationships in the team, in families. The basis of dynamic changes in society is conflict. One of the psychological causes of destructive conflict in organizations and families is greed. Greed has an impact on all spheres of human life, because it is an individual property, has specific characteristics of its manifestation, which are not always well related to the social environment and other people in general, greed will inevitably manifest itself in interaction with others, which can lead to various conflicts. The results of the study and the identified trends of greed in family and organizational conflicts confirm the need to update actions aimed at creating theoretical concepts, conceptual model of greed as a factor in conflict in different environments, development of specialized training, developmental training, corrective programs and measures to reduce greed as factor of family and organizational conflicts.
SPECIAL SPLINE APPROXIMATION FOR THE SOLUTION OF THE NON-STATIONARY 3-D MASS TRANSFER PROBLEM
Authors: Kangro Ilmārs , Kalis Harijs , Teirumnieka Ērika , Teirumnieks Edmunds
Published: June 2021

In this paper we consider the conservative averaging method (CAM) with special spline approximation for solving the non-stationary 3-D mass transfer problem. The special hyperbolic type spline, which interpolates the middle integral values of piece-wise smooth function is used. With the help of these splines the initial-boundary value problem (IBVP) of mathematical physics in 3-D domain with respect to one coordinate is reduced to problems for system of equations in 2-D domain. This procedure allows reduce also the 2-D problem to a 1-D problem and thus the solution of the approximated problem can be obtained analytically. The accuracy of the approximated solution for the special 1-D IBVP is compared with the exact solution of the studied problem obtained with the Fourier series method. The numerical solution is compared with the spline solution. The above-mentioned method has extensive physical applications, related to mass and heat transfer problems in 3-D domains.
GAS DYNAMICS OF WORKING FLUID INLET INTO CHAMBER OF ROTARY EXPANSION MACHINE
Authors: Perminov Andrey , Ilyin Alexander , Tikhonov Sergey , Fedorov Dmitriy , Drozdov Sergey
Published: June 2021

In this article, a mathematical model of working fluid inlet into chamber of rotary expansion machine from source of superheated steam. The main practical problem that can be solved on the basis of this model is to determine dependence of torque on the angular velocity, i.e. in the construction of mechanical characteristics of rotary expansion machine.
STUDIES OF THE POSSIBILITIES TO USE OZONE FOR THE GRAIN STORAGE
Authors: Rucins Adolfs , Straumite Evita , Viesturs Dainis , Kristins Alberts
Published: June 2021

In this study was impact of ozone treatment efficiency of wheat quality (physical-chemical and microbiological parameters, chemical composition and germination rate) during storage analysed. Ozone is a powerful oxidizer, used in processing the agricultural products, including inactivation of pathogens and microorganisms.Investigations in the grain storage by using ozone were performed under farm conditions during two grain storage stages. The first stage – August 2019 – February 2020 and the second stage August 2020 – January 2021. In both stages after harvesting winter wheat yield was 6 t ha-1. Winter wheat was ventilated and then stored for about five months in two identical 20 m3 tanks, with an initial grain layer height of 5.1 m and moisture content the first stage of about 14% and the second stage of about 11% and initial grain mass 17.4 t.At the beginning of the storage period the grain in both tanks was ventilated for 8 hours - in one grain storage tank with the outdoor air, in the other with an ozone supply of 28 mg (m3)-1 in the ventilation air. The grain ventilation and storage process was monitored with a specially designed sensor system; the additional parameters of the process (the grain moisture content, temperature, the ozone concentration) were periodically controlled with hand tools. There were analysed changes of the grain parameters during the storage periods in the ozone-supplied tank and in the tank without ozone treatment.The microbiological contamination during storage did not exceed the allowed level; however it was lower in the ozone treated wheat grain than in the ozone untreated grain.  The ozone treatment did not affect the grain quality parameters. The grain germination rate for 3 and 5 days of the ozone treated grain was about 20% higher than that of the untreated grain. During storage, microbiological contamination did not exceed the permissible level, but ozone treated grains were lower than those of untreated, grain quality indicators were not affected by ozone treatment, germination of ozone treated grains was about 20% higher than untreated, baking properties were not affected by ozone treatment. The treatment of grain with ozone makes stored grain more expensive approximately 5.00 EUR per ton, due to additional technical equipment required to ensure the ozone treatment process. One can conclude from the attained results that processing the restored grain under the conditions mentioned reduces the grain microbiological contamination; it does not affect the grain quality parameters and baking properties; it slightly improves the grain germination rate and has no impact upon the shell of the grain.
METHODS FOR REDUCING THE STRESS CONCENTRATION IN CYLINDRICAL SPECIMENS, AT AXIAL LOADING
Authors: Raychev Raycho , Delova Ivanka
Published: June 2021

The article presents specialized software methods for reducing stress concentration. Objects of study are cylindrical test specimens subjected to axial loading. Notching with different shapes and sizes on the specimens were formed to reduce the stresses in the endangered areas. The geometric parameters of notches identified through the specialized built-in modules to the ANSYS software. An analysis performed were to show the influence of stresses acting on the fatigue limit during different cycles. The results of the study were present in a graphical form.
INDUSTRY 4.0 - DEVELOPMENT AND CONSEQUENCES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF BULGARIA
Authors: Nikolova Neli
Published: June 2021

The report presents analytical information about the state of play of the processes of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in different areas of the Bulgarian economy and industry. Based on a survey conducted in Bulgarian SMEs, the respondents' idea of the challenges and obstacles faced by company guides in its implementation in production, digital education, qualification and training in the course of the work is summarized. Data from a survey on key skills and competences needed to work in digitalization conditions have been released. Recommendations and sample applications have been formulated to ensure a successful symbiosis of Industry 4.0 with Industry 5.0.