bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
تأثير تمرينات بلايومترك في بعض قابليات البايوحركية ومؤشر الدقة التصويب من القفز عاليا للاعبي كرة اليد
Authors: Prof.Dr. Hoshyar Abdul Rahman Muhammad  , Mariwan Hassan Muhammad
Published: January 2024

تعد لعبة كرة اليد واحدة من الألعاب الفرقية التي تتمتع بشعبية كبيرة على المستويين المحلي والدولي لما تتميز به هذه اللعبة من مزيج رائع في الأداء الفني والإيقاع السريع مما يثير إعجاب الجمهور ولاسيما عند تسجيل الأهداف وإنَ إعداد مناهج تدريبية وفق الأسس العلمية المتبعة في التدريب الرياضي من أجل الارتقاء بمستوى الأداء البدني يعتمد بشكل كبير على تطوير القابليات البايوحركية بوصفها الأساس الذي يرتكز عليه الإعداد وبناء اللاعب بصورة سليمة لذا ‏تكمن أهمية البحث في تأثير تمرينات بلايومترك في بعض قابليات البايوحركية ومؤشر الدقة التصويب من القفز عاليا للاعبي كرة اليد لم يجد الباحثان منهج تدريبي مبني على أساس علمية يرفع من مستوى القابليات البايوحركية من قبل المدربين ولا يعبرون أهمية خاصة العناصر قدرات الحركية الخاصة ومن هنا ظهرت الحاجة الماسة لهذا البحث وتبلورت فكرته في اعداد التمرينات، من هنا ارتأى الباحثان وضع برنامج تدريبي باستخدام تمرينات بلايومترك في بعض قابليات البايوحركية ومؤشر الدقة التصويب من القفز عاليا للاعبي كرة اليد، ويهدف البحث تأثير تمرينات بلايومترك في بعض قابليات البايوحركية ومؤشر الدقة التصويب من القفز عاليا للاعبي كرة اليد ، فروق ذات دلالة احصائية بين نتائج الاختبارات القبلية والبعدية للقابليات البايوحركية ومؤشر الدقة التصويب من القفز عاليا للاعبي كرة اليد.اما منهجية البحث أستخدم الباحثان المنهج التجريبي ولقد حدد الباحثان عينة البحث من لاعبي نادي  السليمانية لكرة اليد والبالغ عددهم (10) لاعبا.
Level Perception of Elementary School Students Towards Food in The School Environment of Banyuwangi Public Elementary School 2 Tukang Kayu
Authors: Utami Arfiati Ulfa , Setyawan Bagus , Chastelyna Agnes Juniarti , Arista Yuvita Lira Vesti , Ulfa Rosiana
Published: January 2024

Elementary school students' understanding of healthy food is very important because this will have an impact on the health of students and the school environment. This study aims to measure the extent to which students' perceptions of snacks in the school environment at SD Negeri 2 Tukang Kayu Banyuwangi. This research used survey method. The subjects in this study were 50 fifth grade students of SD Negeri 2 Tukang Kayu Banyuwangi. The research instrument was a questionnaire or questionnaire sheet. The analysis used is descriptive qualitative. The results of student perceptions obtained 72% of students can understand healthy snacks in the school environment.
A história da vacina e seus benefícios
Authors: Santos Vitor Augusto Rezende , Almeida Martha Elisa Ferreira de
Published: January 2024

A vacinação é um dos maiores avanços da medicina como método de prevenção de doenças. Seus primeiros registros ocorreram por uma prática conhecida como variolação. Em 1798, Edward Jenner infectou algumas pessoas sadias com o vírus da varíola, e observou a relação causal entre a doença da varíola e seu contágio. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo descrever sobre a história da vacinação, sua origem, tipos de imunização e pandemias mundiais, com destaque para a COVID-19, como forma de reunir informações para a montagem de um livro ilustrado. Realizou-se uma revisão narrativa mediante a análise de artigos, livros e demais trabalhos publicados na internet. Apesar de todos os benefícios cientificamente comprovados, a hesitação vacinal ocorreu desde seu início e cresce em todo mundo. Em 2019, grande parte da população mundial foi infectada pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2, e tal fato propiciou o surgimento da pandemia da COVID-19, que pôs à prova a capacidade humana de produzir vacinas, ao mesmo tempo que evidenciou o baixo entendimento sobre tais métodos por alguns indivíduos ou grupos das diversas sociedades civis. Desde então, a retórica antivacina vem ganhando espaço, pautando o debate midiático e impactando negativamente a adesão vacinal em diversos estágios de vida, com destaque para o público infantil, que está subordinado aos familiares para o recebimento dos imunizantes. Conclui-se que a história da vacinação é uma temática complexa devido seu contexto histórico de surgimento e os processos histórico-científicos, tornando, muitas vezes, difícil a compreensão do tema, munindo grupos que se opõe às práticas vacinais.
Protectores pulpares: La búsqueda de la eficacia en el tratamiento odontológico
Authors: Alvarez Arica Anthony Jair , Ayala Yunga Matew Bladimir , Arevalo Yaguana Pablo , Pinos Narváez Patricia Alexandra
Published: January 2024

En esta revisión bibliográfica se analizan los protectores pulpares utilizados en tratamientos odontológicos para identificar el más adecuado. El recubrimiento pulpar es necesario después de remover tejido afectado por caries o trauma, con el fin de preservar la vitalidad pulpar y prevenir la sensibilidad dental. Es esencial que los odontólogos conozcan los tipos de recubrimientos y las propiedades de los protectores dentino pulpares, así como su interacción con la pulpa, para realizar el tratamiento de manera óptima. Además, se debe realizar un buen diagnóstico clínico y considerar contraindicaciones antes de realizar un recubrimiento pulpar. No se recomienda en casos de pulpa envejecida, patología irreversible o gran hemorragia. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar las características de los protectores pulpares más utilizados en la actualidad y determinar cuál es el más eficaz para los tratamientos odontológicos. Se concluye que el Biodentine es el protector pulpar más adecuado debido a su biocompatibilidad, facilidad de manejo y capacidad de estimular la formación de dentina reparadora.
Flexibilidade do manejo em pastos de capim-mombaça sob lotação intermitente
Authors: Rodrigues Rafaela Cristina , Cunha Daniel de Noronha Figueiredo Vieira da , Jank Liana , Santos Márcia Vitória , Tarôco Isadora Menezes Costa , Pereira Rodolfo Henrique Silva , Martuscello Janaína Azevedo
Published: January 2024

Objetivou-se avaliar a produção de leite, a produção e o acúmulo de forragem em pastos de capim-mombaça manejados com diferentes alturas de pré-pastejo. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com alturas de entrada de 90 e 80 cm e intensidade de pastejo de 50%. A massa de forragem na condição de pré e de pós-pastejo foi mensurada por meio de cinco quadros de 1 m2 em cada unidade experimental. Para a avaliação dos componentes morfológicos, foi retirada a subamostra para a determinação da massa de forragem de pré e pós-pastejo. O pastejo foi realizado por 32 vacas F1 em lactação com peso médio de 550 Kg. As alturas no pré-pastejo observadas foram de 92,97±5,7 e 81,88±4,6 cm para os tratamentos 90 e 80 cm respectivamente. Para a altura do pós-pastejo, observou-se 45,75±3,75 e 40,70±3,70 cm, respectivamente, para 45 e 40 cm.  A produção de forragem nas alturas de 80 e 90 cm, foi de 5.822,1 e 7.205,4/kg/ha-1, respectivamente. Por outro lado, a massa seca na condição de pré-pastejo deferiu entre os tratamentos com valor superior à de pré-pastejo, observou-se valores de (3.368,1 kg/ha-1) para o tratamento de 80 cm em relação de 90 cm (4,114,5 kg/ha-1). A produção de leite foi 13,2% superior na altura mais baixa. Pastos de capim-mombaça podem ter manejo flexibilidade, com entrada dos animais respeitando o intervalo de altura do dossel de 80 a 90 cm sem prejuízos na produção de forragem. Pastos de capim-mombaça manejados com menores alturas (80 cm) de pré-pastejo promovem maior produção de leite.
Effect of Joint Position Sense on Shooting Accuracy Performance in Team Sports
Authors: Görgül Cem , Altun Muammer
Published: January 2024

This study investigated the effect of joint position sense (JPS) on shooting accuracy in team sports. JPS and accuracy tests were performed on 90 participants consisting of amateur and elite-level athletes and sedentaries. Participants were analyzed separately according to their gender and the sports branches they participated in. The elbow joint was analyzed in the chest pass test for basketball, the shoulder joint in the cuff pass test for volleyball, and the hip joint in the in-foot pass test for soccer. Pearson correlation analysis showed no significant relationship between JPS error and accuracy error. The two-way analysis of variance was performed to examine the effect of gender and sports variables on shooting accuracy error and JPS error variables. It was found that the gender variable did not have a significant effect on the shooting accuracy error, while the branch variable had a significant effect on the shooting accuracy error. The effect of the gender variable on the position error was significant. On the other hand, the effect of the branch variable on position error was insignificant. In this study, it was revealed that position error was not related to shooting performance. Shooting accuracy errors showed significant differences according to the branches. Position error showed significant differences according to gender. It is thought that accuracy error should be examined in terms of its relationship with other subcomponents of proprioception, such as force and movement speed.
Dukungan Keluarga Mempengaruhi Kelengkapan Imunisasi Dasar Pada Bayi dan Balita
Authors: Lushinta Lidia , Patty Fara Imelda Theresia , Anggraini Eliza , Putri Rosalin Ariefah
Published: January 2024

The morbidity and mortality rates of children can indicate the health status of a country. Immunization is one of the programs suggested to improve health status. The success of these programs can be observed by the achievement of UCI (Universal Child Immunization) from the coverage of complete essential immunization. The rejection of vaccination from families is one of the most common reasons why children don't receive complete immunization. Other reasons include busy schedules, remote locations, and frequent illnesses. These factors influence parents to reject or receive particular immunization programs or vaccines, including support factors from the family. The support from family can come in various forms such as providing motivation, offering guidance, or monitoring daily intake of food and medication. This study determines the relationship between family support and the completeness of essential immunization in infants and toddlers. The type of research used is descriptive research with a quantitative approach method and cross-sectional design. The technique used in this research is purposive sampling. The results showed that there is a relationship between family support and the completeness of essential immunization for infants and toddlers. Health workers are recommended to actively involve families by increasing their knowledge about the importance of complete immunization.
Pemberian Nugget Tahu Daun Kelor Berpengaruh Terhadap Kenaikan Berat Badan Balita
Authors: Rahmawati Afifah , Pramono Joko Sapto , Suryani Heni
Published: January 2024

Nutrition is a crucial element in food that plays a vital role in ensuring an individual's growth and development. Malnutrition is a common nutritional problem that affects children below the age of five. It occurs when the body lacks or has an imbalance of vital nutrients necessary for growth, cognitive development, and overall well-being. The preliminary study conducted at the Teratak Village Community Health Center found that some toddlers had a body weight that was below the recommended weight according to the age indicator in the KMS. The study had a pre-experimental design with a one-group pre-and-post-test approach. A total of 20 toddlers aged between 24 to 60 months who were below the yellow line (BGK) and the red line (BGM) on the KMS graph were sampled during the weighing period between October 2022 – March 2023. The paired sample t-test method was used to analyze the changes in body weight. The study found that 16 toddlers experienced weight gain while two others did not show any increase in weight after the intervention. The statistical test resulted in a p-value of 0.000 (< α = 0.05), demonstrating that providing Moringa leaf tofu nuggets had a significant effect on the weight gain of toddlers. Providing additional food with tofu nuggets and Moringa leaves can increase toddlers' weight, with 50 grams of nuggets containing an additional protein intake of 5.65 grams.
TATA KELOLA ARSIP PERGURUAN TINGGI NEGERI BADAN HUKUM
Authors: Rachmaningsih Dewi Maharani , Dewiki Santi , Dwi Utami Herwati , Wahyono Effendi , Samsiyah Siti , Hermawati Yanti
Published: January 2024

Kegiatan tridharma perguruan tinggi menghasilkan rekaman informasi yang tersimpan sebagai arsip. UU 43 Tahun 2009 serta Perka ANRI Nomor 24 Tahun 2011 tersirat bahwa PTN wajib memiliki LKPT. PTN-BH memiliki eklusifitas dibandingkan PTN, yaitu otonomi regulasi internal dengan sedikit intervensi dari pemerintah. Data bersumber dari studi pustaka, kuantitatif melalui form pertanyaan selanjutnya diperdalam menggunakan kualitatif melalui wawancara terhadap arsiparis maupun Kepala LKPT. Data yang terkumpul direduksi, disajikan dan disimpulkan dengan fokus sampel PTN-BH beserta regulasi masing-masing. Kumpulan data dianalisis dan dijabarkan secara deskriptif. Tugas, fungsi dan tanggung jawab LKPT adalah mengelola arsip statis beserta pembinaan kearsipan di lingkungan perguruan tinggi. PTN-BH memiliki keleluasaan dalam pengaturan pengelolaan perguruan tinggi. Empat universitas sebagai sampel PTN-BH, memiliki regulasi internal terkait tata kelola arsip perguruan tinggi. ANRI selaku lembaga pembina kearsipan nasional telah mengeluarkan beberapa pedoman kearsipan, namun PTN-BH memiliki otonomi internal yang menyebabkan ketidakseragaman tata kelola arsip di lingkungan PTN-BH. Peran penting LKPT menjaga khazanah arsip perguruan tinggi, seyogyanya diimbangi dengan penerapan kebijakan dan dukungan sumber daya (manusia, anggaran, sarana prasarana maupun sumber daya lainnya). Keberadaan LKPT disarankan dapat berdiri sendiri sesuai dengan berlakunya standar nasional.
UPAYA DIGITALISASI NASKAH KUNO DI PERPUSTAKAAN YAYASAN PANGERAN SUMEDANG
Authors: Khoerunnisa Lutfi , Johan Riche Cynthia , Ramadhan Suci Yanti , Wulandari Yayu
Published: January 2024

Indonesia is recognized as a country with the greatest wealth of ancient manuscript heritage in the world. The diversity of cultures and customs stretching from Sabang to Merauke makes Indonesia has hundreds or even thousands of ancient manuscripts. Today, ancient manuscripts are considered the nation's cultural heritage with high historical value and their existence is stored as carefully as possible in libraries and museums. Even so, writing that is tens or even hundreds of years old makes ancient manuscripts vulnerable to damage. This cannot be ignored because ancient manuscripts have a source of information and real evidence of the past civilization of the nation's ancestors. Therefore, it is necessary to take concrete action to preserve ancient manuscripts, one of which is by media transfer or digitalization methods. This qualitative research focuses on ancient manuscripts stored in the Yayasan Pangeran Sumedang library. Including 4 informants who have background knowledge regarding the preservation of ancient manuscripts. The results of this research show that the Yayasan Pangeran Sumedang library is digitizing as an ancient manuscript preservation activity. In its implementation, the library applies standard operational steps in media transfer activities, namely (1) Pre-digitization, (2) Digitization, and (3) Post-digitization. This research shows that the final product of the digital media transfer activities carried out at the Yayasan Pangeran Sumedang library is an e-book. This digital version of ancient manuscripts is intended for all levels of society, with the hope that ordinary people can access the knowledge contained in ancient manuscripts. Not only that, the repackaging of this ancient manuscript also targets the younger generation to become increasingly interested in reading the history of the nation's ancestors
Changes in Gene Expression in Pressure Ulcers Debrided by Different Approaches – a Pilot Study
Authors: SAMADIAN A , KRATOCHVÍLOVÁ M , HOKYNKOVÁ A , ŠÍN P , NOVÁKOVÁ M , ŠTĚPKA P , POKORNÁ A , BABULA P
Published: January 2024

Pressure ulcers (PUs), also known as pressure injuries, are chronic wounds that represent potential lifelong complications. Pressure ulcers of a deep category (III and IV) are often indicated for surgical treatment – debridement and surgical reconstruction. Sharp surgical debridement is widely used in the debridement of PUs; however, the Versajet® hydrosurgery system is becoming an increasingly popular tool for tangential excision in surgery due to its numerous advantages. This work focused on the expression of selected genes, especially those associated with oxidative stress, in PUs debrided by two approaches – sharp surgical debridement and debridement using Versajet® hydrosurgery system. Expression of following genes was evaluated: NFE2L2, ACTA2, NFKB1, VEGFA, MKI67, HMOX1, HMOX2, HIF1A, and SOD2. ACTB and PSMB were used as housekeeping genes. So far, five patients have been enrolled in the study. Preliminary results suggest no significant difference in gene expression with different pressure ulcer treatment approaches except NFE2L2, despite the macroscopic differences. However, the results revealed correlations between the expression of some genes, namely HIF1A and SOD2, VEGFA and SOD2 and VEGFA and HIF1A. These results may indicate a connection between hypoxia, oxidative stress, pressure ulcer healing processes and angiogenesis.
An Overview of the Methamphetamine Effect on Male Sexual Behavior and Reproductive System
Authors: MIHALČÍKOVÁ L , ŠLAMBEROVÁ R
Published: January 2024

Drug addiction and its effect on the behavior and development of children has become a serious problem in our society. Methamphetamine (MA) is one of the most abused psychostimulants in the Czech Republic, and its abuse is rising worldwide. Previous studies have demonstrated the adverse long-term effects of maternal drug abuse on rat offspring. However, the father’s contribution as a parent and donor of half of the genetic information is unclear. Previous studies of other psychostimulant drugs indicate that long-term application of MA to adult male rats may induce changes in their reproductive system and lead to changes in rat pup functional and behavioral development. Therefore, the present review aimed to investigate the effect of MA administration on reproductive toxicity and sexual behavior of adult male rats, as well as the impact of paternal MA exposure on behavioral development and locomotor activity in rat offspring.
Penerapan Senam Kaki terhadap Risiko Perfusi Jaringan Perifer Tidak Efektif pada Pasien DM Tipe 2
Authors: Arifahyuni Ayu , Retnaningsih Dwi
Published: January 2024

Diabetes mellitus merupakan penyakit dengan tingginya kadar glukosa di dalam darah, yang sering ditandai dengan terjadinya hiperglikemia. Tujuan studi kasus yaitu melakukan penerapan senam kaki terhadap resiko perfusi jaringan perifer tidak efektif pada DM tipe 2. Metode studi kasus adalah studi deskriptif dalam bentuk studi kasus dengan pendekatan asuhan keperawatan terhadap pasien DM tipe 2. Metode pengumpulan data dengan wawancara, observasi, dan kuesioner, dengan jumlah sampel 2 orang. Setelah dilakukan tindakan senam kaki selama 3 hari sebanyak 3 kali latihan dengan lama waktu 30 menit masing- masing gerakan dilakukan 10 kali dengan pengukuran ABI (Ankle Brachial Index) menunjukkan sebelum dan sesudah penerapan didapatkan hasil terdapat peningkatan nilai ABI dari 0,8 mmHg menjadi 0,9 mmHg, pada pasien 2 dari 0,8 mmHg menjadi 1,0 mmHg yaitu kategori ringan meningkat ke Normal. Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut senam kaki terdapat pengaruh yang besar yaitu terjadi peningkatan sirkulasi perifer, pemberian senam kaki ini sangat efektif dilakukan bagi penderita DM tipe 2, sehingga dapat mencegah komplikasi kaki DM seperti gangguan pembuluh darah, luka terbuka yang sulit sembuh.
Eerie Dialogues: Hauntology and Participatory Inquiry in the Communities
Authors: Peng Lance
Published: January 2024

This ghost-story piece is tailored for participatory researchers, centring around a singular theme and advocacy—the transformative potential of a hauntological perspective in enriching participatory research endeavours. It discusses power imbalances, delves into the narrative of shifting research focus mid-project, explores the post-fieldwork equity considerations through Karen Barad’s lens, and creatively examines the philosophical post-modernist insights from the angel of history. These perspectives offer frameworks for researchers to contemplate the evolving nature of their relationships with the researched community and their histories. What sets this piece apart is its fusion of hauntology and participatory research dialogues, providing pertinent insights that researchers can not only glean from but also apply in their respective contexts, guided by hauntological viewpoints.
Tecendo sopros femininos
Authors: Borges Lígia
Published: January 2024

Ao reconhecer um eixo eurocêntrico no próprio percurso formativo, a autora lança um olhar para a forma como algumas manifestações populares sobretudo de matrizes afro-diaspóricas abriram caminhos para performatividades que aliam a tradição oral, gestos ritualísticos e tecem, assim, o sopro de uma contadora de histórias. O sopro é encarado aqui como o fundamento da sua vocalidade poética, ao agregar os elementos nomináveis e inomináveis que podem compor uma performance narrativa. A partir dele, alguns experimentos em tempos de pandemia que alinhavaram as instâncias abordadas são observados, analisados, nas suas potências e paradoxos. Primeiramente em uma oficina, denominada “Sopros Femininos” em que dinâmicas ligadas à desconstrução de linguagem sugerem associações entre a glossolalia e sabedorias oraculares, depois na composição de um vídeo narrativo a partir de um conto de Virgínia Woolf.
A personalized biomimetic dual-drug delivery system via controlled release of PTH1-34 and simvastatin for in situ osteoporotic bone regeneration
Authors: Xu Tongtong , Gao Shang , Yang Nan , Zhao Qi , Zhang Yutong , Li Tieshu , Liu Zhihui , Han Bing
Published: January 2024

Patients with osteoporosis often encounter clinical challenges of poor healing after bone transplantation due to their diminished bone formation capacity. The use of bone substitutes containing bioactive factors that increase the number and differentiation of osteoblasts is a strategy to improve poor bone healing. In this study, we developed an in situ dual-drug delivery system containing the bone growth factors PTH1-34 and simvastatin to increase the number and differentiation of osteoblasts for osteoporotic bone regeneration. Our system exhibited ideal physical properties similar to those of natural bone and allowed for customizations in shape through a 3D-printed scaffold and GelMA. The composite system regulated the sustained release of PTH1-34 and simvastatin, and exhibited good biocompatibility. Cell studies revealed that the composite system reduced osteoblast death, and promoted expression of osteoblast differentiation markers. Additionally, by radiographic analysis and histological observation, the dual-drug composite system demonstrated promising bone regeneration outcomes in an osteoporotic skull defect model. In summary, this composite delivery system, comprising dual-drug administration, holds considerable potential for bone repair and may serve as a safe and efficacious therapeutic approach for addressing bone defects in patients with osteoporosis.
Characterization and comparative evaluation of wound healing potential of Ajugarin I and Ajuga bracteosa Wall. ex Benth
Authors: Wasti Yusra , Muntaqua Durdana , Majid Muhammad , Naz Iffat , Zafar Aroosa , Khan Safir Ullah , Kazmi Syeda Tayyaba Batool , Rehman Tofeeq Ur , Irshad Nadeem , Fatima Humaira
Published: January 2024

Ajuga bracteosa (family: Lamiaceae), commonly known as kauri booti, is an important ethnomedicinal plant. The current research was conducted to appraise and compare the in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial profiles as well as in vivo wound healing potentials of Ajugarin I and A. bracteosa extract. Ajugarin I and polyphenols in A. bracteosa were enumerated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography analysis that confirmed significant amounts of Ajugarin I (2.2 ± 0.02 μg/mg DW) and other phenolic compounds (14 out of 17 standards). A. bracteosa (374.4 ± 0.20 µg AAE/mg of DW, 201.9 ± 0.20 µg AAE/mg of DW, 87 ± 0.30%) showed a higher antioxidant profile compared to Ajugarin I (221.8 ± 0.50 µg AAE/mg of DW, 51.8 ± 0.40 µg AAE/mg of DW, 27.65 ± 0.80%) with 1.86-, 3.89-, and 3.15-fold greater activity in ferric reducing antioxidant power, total antioxidant capacity, and free radical scavenging assays, respectively. Likewise, A. bracteosa showed antibacterial activity against 3/5 strains (MIC 25–200 μg/ml) than Ajugarin I (2/5 strains; MIC 50–200 μg/ml). Hemolytic (<2% hemolysis) and dermal toxicity tests rendered both samples non-toxic. Additionally, A. bracteosa (100 ± 2.34% at day 12; 9.33 ± 0.47 days) demonstrated 1.11- and 1.24-fold higher percent wound contraction and epithelization time, respectively, than Ajugarin I (95.6 ± 1.52% at day 12; 11.6 ± 0.47 days) as assessed by an excision wound model in mice. Histopathological examination further reinforced the better wound healing potential of A. bracteosa with good epithelization, collagen synthesis, fibroblast proliferation, and revascularization. Briefly, we endorse the significant comparative antioxidant, antibacterial, and wound healing activities of A. bracteosa and Ajugarin I and present these as prospective candidates for wound healing drugs.
Gut microbiota and metabolite variations in a migraine mouse model
Authors: Wang Dan , Liu Xu , Shi Suming , Ren Tongli , Wang Wuqing
Published: January 2024

Migraine is a prevalent clinical disorder characterized by recurrent unilateral throbbing headache episodes accompanied by symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia. Despite its common occurrence, the diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment of migraine remain controversial. Extensive research has implicated the gut microbiota in various central nervous system disorders, including anxiety disorders, depression, and Parkinson’s disease. Some studies have also suggested that migraine may stem from disruptions to neurohormones and metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the disparities in gut microbiota and metabolites between migraine mice model and normal mice to shed light on the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic approaches. Distinct differences in gut microbial composition were observed between the migraine mouse model and normal mouse, indicating a potential correlation between these variations and the pathogenesis of migraine. This study provides evidence of differences in gut microbiota composition and metabolites between a migraine mouse model and normal mice, which showed that Akkermansiaceae constituted the most abundant taxon in the sham injection mouse group, while Lachnospiraceae constituted the most prevalent group in the migraine mouse model group. The associations between the abundances of Akkermansia muciniphila and Lachnospiraceae bacteria and metabolites suggested their potential roles in the pathogenesis of migraine. The altered abundance of Lachnospiraceae observed in migraine-afflicted mice and its correlations with changes in metabolites suggest that it may affect the host’s health. Thus, probiotic therapy emerges as a possible treatment for migraine. Moreover, significant disparities in gut metabolites were observed between the migraine mouse model and normal mice. These alterations encompass multiple metabolic pathways, suggesting that metabolic disturbances may also contribute to the development of migraines.
Upregulation of ATP6V0D2 benefits intracellular survival of Leishmania donovani in erythrocytes-engulfing macrophages
Authors: Hong Jing , Mukherjee Budhaditya , Sanjoba Chizu , Yamagishi Junya , Goto Yasuyuki
Published: January 2024

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the most severe type of leishmaniasis which is caused by infection of Leishmania donovani complex. In the BALB/c mouse model of VL, multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) with heavy parasite infection consist of the largest population of hemophagocytes in the spleen of L. donovani-infected mice, indicating that MGCs provide the parasites a circumstance beneficial for their survival. Although ATP6V0D2 is a demonstrated factor inducing the formation of hemophagocytic MGCs during L. donovani infection, functions of this protein in shaping the infection outcome in macrophages remain unclear. Here we evaluated the influence of upregulated ATP6V0D2 on intracellular survival of the parasites. L. donovani infection-induced hemophagocytosis of normal erythrocytes by macrophages was suppressed by RNAi-based knockdown of Atp6v0d2. The knockdown of Atp6v0d2 did not improve the survival of amastigotes within macrophages when the cells were cultured in the absence of erythrocytes. On the other hand, reduced intracellular survival of amastigotes in macrophages by the knockdown was observed when macrophages were supplemented with antibody-opsonized erythrocytes before infection. There, increase in cytosolic labile iron pool was observed in the L. donovani-infected knocked-down macrophages. It suggests that ATP6V0D2 plays roles not only in upregulation of hemophagocytosis but also in iron trafficking within L. donovani-infected macrophages. Superior access to iron in macrophages may be how the upregulated expression of the molecule brings benefit to Leishmania for their intracellular survival in the presence of erythrocytes.
Research priorities for privately protected areas
Authors: Fitzsimons James A. , Mitchell Brent A.
Published: January 2024

The important role of private land conservation, and particularly privately protected areas (PPAs), in contributing towards global conservation is increasingly recognised. With an increase in the extent of PPAs, under a variety of different legal regimes and governance types, comes an increasing number of ecological, social, governance and legal research questions. Research into various aspects of PPAs has been growing. In compiling the IUCN’s Guidelines for Privately Protected Areas, a range of research questions were posed. The IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas Specialist Group on Privately Protected Areas and Nature Stewardship subsequently sought to gain the views of researchers and practitioners involved in PPAs regarding what they considered to be priorities for research. Responses were higher on enabling factors and mechanisms specific to PPAs and somewhat fewer on ecological and social outcomes. These results can be used to guide future research efforts that will be most meaningful to improve PPA take up, effectiveness and longevity, noting there is a need for researchers, practitioners, landowners and managers, and policymakers to collectively set the research agenda.
Dicing with data: the risks, benefits, tensions and tech of health data in the iToBoS project
Authors: Aspell Niamh , Goldsteen Abigail , Renwick Robin
Published: January 2024

This paper will discuss the European funded iToBoS project, tasked by the European Commission to develop an AI diagnostic platform for the early detection of skin melanoma. The paper will outline the project, provide an overview of the data being processed, describe the impact assessment processes, and explain the AI privacy risk mitigation methods being deployed. Following this, the paper will offer a brief discussion of some of the more complex aspects: (1) the relatively low population clinical trial study cohort, which poses risks associated with data distinguishability and the masking ability of the applied anonymisation tools, (2) the project's ability to obtain informed consent from the study cohort given the complexity of the technologies, (3) the project's commitment to an open research data strategy and the additional privacy risk mitigations required to protect the multi-modal study data, and (4) the ability of the project to adequately explain the outputs of the algorithmic components to a broad range of stakeholders. The paper will discuss how the complexities have caused tension which are reflective of wider tensions in the health domain. A project level solution includes collaboration with a melanoma patient network, as an avenue for fair and representative qualification of risks and benefits with the patient stakeholder group. However, it is unclear how scalable this process is given the relentless pursuit of innovation within the health domain, accentuated by the continued proliferation of artificial intelligence, open data strategies, and the integration of multi-modal data sets inclusive of genomics.
Intergenerational climate at higher education: validity of the Spanish version of the workplace intergenerational climate scale
Authors: Rodríguez-Gómez David , Gonzalez-Ramirez Teresa , Armengol Carme
Published: January 2024

An ageing workforce and the coexistence of different generations in the same work environment has garnered the interest of practitioners and theoreticians with regard to the climate and interactions that occur between these generations. Although there are various instruments that attempt to measure the intergenerational climate in organizations, there are no studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of such instruments in the Spanish university context. This article presents the analysis of the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Workplace Intergenerational Climate Scale (WICS) adjusted to the specific context of higher education institutions and administered to a sample of 1,116 university teachers. After the analyses were carried out, an instrument with 16 items was obtained (4 less than the original questionnaire), and we can affirm that the resulting questionnaire is appropriate to measure the intergenerational climate among university teachers in the fields of teaching, research and management in the Spanish university context. However, more detailed, and individual analysis of each of the areas (i.e., teaching, research and management) would likely yield slightly different models but a better fit.
Assessing authenticity in modelling test items: deriving a theoretical model
Authors: Schlüter Dominik , Besser Michael
Published: January 2024

Authenticity is considered a central feature in the context of teaching and learning mathematical modelling and is often demanded for both learning tasks and test items. Although large-scale studies hark back to this construct for years, it is largely unclear how a theoretical and empirically robust model for the description and practical operationalization of authenticity in modelling test items might look like. The article addresses this research desideratum and aims at deriving such a model based on existing theoretical concepts in mathematics education. The article provides a broad theoretical overview of the status quo of the construct and presents the “Model for Authenticity in Modelling Test Items” (MAMTI) as a result of those theoretical considerations. The model is based on the ideas of constructivist object authenticity and comprises a total of 8 aspects: real-world context, events, objects, question/assignment, data, figures, use of mathematics and purpose. The model enables further empirical studies to analyze and classify modelling test items or to vary them in terms of authenticity expression.
Bioindicators and human biomarkers as alternative approaches for cost-effective assessment of air pollution exposure
Authors: Takano Ana Paula Cremasco , Rybak Justyna , Veras Mariana Matera
Published: January 2024

Traditional methods of air pollution monitoring require substantial investment in equipment and infrastructure. However, efficient and cost-effective alternatives offer promising solutions for region-specific pollution assessments and understanding their impact on local populations. This review explores examples of low-cost monitoring methods, focusing on natural bioindicators, human interaction-based techniques, and the outcomes associated with air pollution exposure. Bioindicators such as spider webs, lichens, mosses, and Tradescantia pallida (T. pallida) are discussed as potential tools for air pollution monitoring. Human biomonitoring techniques, including the micronucleus assay and the assessment of pulmonary anthracosis, are examined for their ability to provide valuable insights into genotoxic effects and long-term exposure. The advantages and limitations of each method are highlighted. The review advocates for continued research and development to refine these approaches, with the aim of mitigating the adverse health impacts of air pollution on both individuals and communities.
Environmental regulation, high-quality economic development and ecological capital utilization
Authors: Li Tao , Tian Wenqian , Zhang Shitong , Wang Shuhong
Published: January 2024

The key to realizing sustainable human development is to improve the utilization of ecological capital. Under the requirements of innovation-driven and green economic development, how to formulate appropriate environmental regulation policies and accurately implement high-quality economic development strategies to promote the utilization of ecological capital has become the focus of theoretical research and practical exploration. This paper examines the effects of environmental regulation, high-quality economic development, and the interaction term between the two on ecological capital utilization using a fixed-effects model based on panel data for 30 provincial-level political regions (excluding Tibet) in China from 2008 to 2020. The empirical results show that both environmental regulation and economic quality development have a significant positive effect on ecological capital utilization. However, environmental regulation can inhibit technological innovation, which in turn affects economic quality development, and the interaction term between environmental regulation and economic quality development has a significant negative effect on ecological capital utilization. Based on this, the government should enhance environmental regulations while increasing support and technological innovation subsidies for heavily polluting enterprises and new industries to promote high-quality economic development while improving the utilization of ecological capital.
Different aspects of failing to recover from proactive semantic interference predicts rate of progression from amnestic mild cognitive impairment to dementia
Authors: Curiel Cid Rosie E. , Crocco Elizabeth A. , Duara Ranjan , Vaillancourt David , Asken Breton , Armstrong Melissa J. , Adjouadi Malek , Georgiou Mike , Marsiske Michael , Wang Wei-in , Rosselli Monica , Barker William W. , Ortega Alexandra , Hincapie Diana , Gallardo Liz , Alkharboush Feras , DeKosky Steven , Smith Glenn , Loewenstein David A.
Published: January 2024

Introduction

This study investigated the role of proactive semantic interference (frPSI) in predicting the progression of amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) to dementia, taking into account various cognitive and biological factors.

Methods

The research involved 89 older adults with aMCI who underwent baseline assessments, including amyloid PET and MRI scans, and were followed longitudinally over a period ranging from 12 to 55 months (average 26.05 months).

Results

The findings revealed that more than 30% of the participants diagnosed with aMCI progressed to dementia during the observation period. Using Cox Proportional Hazards modeling and adjusting for demographic factors, global cognitive function, hippocampal volume, and amyloid positivity, two distinct aspects of frPSI were identified as significant predictors of a faster decline to dementia. These aspects were fewer correct responses on a frPSI trial and a higher number of semantic intrusion errors on the same trial, with 29.5% and 31.6 % increases in the likelihood of more rapid progression to dementia, respectively.

Discussion

These findings after adjustment for demographic and biological markers of Alzheimer’s Disease, suggest that assessing frPSI may offer valuable insights into the risk of dementia progression in individuals with aMCI.
A bibliometric analysis of international publication trends in brain atrophy research (2008–2023)
Authors: Wang Juwei , Chen Tingting , Xie Jiayi , Zhao Sheng , Jiang Yue , Zhang Huihe , Zhu Wenzong
Published: January 2024

Background

Brain atrophy is a type of neurological and psychiatric disorder characterized by a decrease in brain tissue volume and weight for various reasons and can have a serious impact on the quality of life of patients. Although there are many studies on brain atrophy, there is a lack of relevant bibliometric studies. Therefore, this study aims to provide a visual analysis of global trends in brain atrophy research over the past 16 years.

Methods

CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to visually analyze publication output, scientific collaborations, cocitations, publishing journals, and keywords to determine the current status and future trends of brain atrophy research. Materials published from 2008 to 2023 were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. This study placed no restrictions on the types of literature and focused on English language publications.

Results

A total of 3,371 publications were included in the analysis. From 2008 to 2023, the number of publications increased annually. In terms of national and academic institutions, universities in the United States and University College London rank first in publication out. Barkhof Frederik and Zivadinov Robert are the most prolific researchers in this field. The publication with the highest cocitation strength is “Deep gray matter volume loss drives disability worsening in multiple sclerosis.” Keyword clustering analysis showed that “Alzheimer’s disease” and “multiple sclerosis” are current popular topics. The analysis of emergent words indicates that “cerebral small vessel disease,” “neurodegeneration,” and “cortex/gray matter volume” may become hot research topics in the coming years.

Conclusion

This study analyses papers on brain atrophy from the past 16 years, providing a new perspective for research in this field. In the past 16 years, research on brain atrophy has received increasing attention. The quality of articles in this field is generally high. Extensive national cooperation already exists. The statistical results indicate that a stable core author group in the field of brain atrophy has almost formed.
Adaptive control for shape memory alloy actuated systems with applications to human–robot interaction
Authors: Shi Enming , Zhong Xu , Wang Tian , Li Xiaoguang , Bu Chunguang , Zhao Xingang
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators are attractive options for robotic applications due to their salient features. So far, achieving precise control of SMA actuators and applying them to human-robot interaction scenarios remains a challenge.

Methods

This paper proposes a novel approach to deal with the control problem of a SMA actuator. Departing from conventional mechanism models, we attempt to describe this nonlinear plant using a gray-box model, in which only the input current and the output displacement are measured. The control scheme consists of the model parameters updating and the control law calculation. The adaptation algorithm is founded on the multi-innovation concept and incorporates a dead-zone weighted factor, aiming to concurrently reduce computational complexities and enhance robustness properties. The control law is based on a PI controller, the gains of which are designed by the pole assignment technique. Theoretical analysis proves that the closed-loop performance can be ensured under mild conditions.

Results

The experiments are first conducted through the Beckhoff controller. The comparative results suggest that the proposed adaptive PI control strategy exhibits broad applicability, particularly under load variations. Subsequently, the SMA actuator is designed and incorporated into the hand rehabilitation robot. System position tracking experiments and passive rehabilitation training experiments for various gestures are then conducted. The experimental outcomes demonstrate that the hand rehabilitation robot, utilizing the SMA actuator, achieves higher position tracking accuracy and a more stable system under the adaptive control strategy proposed in this paper. Simultaneously, it successfully accommodates hand rehabilitation movements for multiple gestures.

Discussion

The adaptive controller proposed in this paper takes into account both the computational complexity of the model and the accuracy of the control results, Experimental results not only demonstrate the practicality and reliability of the controller but also attest to its potential application in human-machine interaction within the field of neural rehabilitation.
Radiomic model based on magnetic resonance imaging for predicting pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients
Authors: Yu Yimiao , Wang Zhibo , Wang Qi , Su Xiaohui , Li Zhenghao , Wang Ruifeng , Guo Tianhui , Gao Wen , Wang Haiji , Zhang Biyuan
Published: January 2024

Purpose

To establish a model combining radiomic and clinicopathological factors based on magnetic resonance imaging to predict pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.

Method

MRI images and clinicopathologic data of 329 eligible breast cancer patients from the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from August 2018 to August 2022 were included in this study. All patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), and imaging examinations were performed before and after NAC. A total of 329 patients were randomly allocated to a training set and a test set at a ratio of 7:3. We mainly studied the following three types of prediction models: radiomic models, clinical models, and clinical-radiomic models. All models were evaluated using subject operating characteristic curve analysis and area under the curve (AUC), decision curve analysis (DCA) and calibration curves.

Results

The AUCs of the clinical prediction model, independent imaging model and clinical combined imaging model in the training set were 0.864 0.968 and 0.984, and those in the test set were 0.724, 0.754 and 0.877, respectively. According to DCA and calibration curves, the clinical-radiomic model showed good predictive performance in both the training set and the test set, and we found that we had developed a more concise clinical-radiomic nomogram.

Conclusion

We have developed a clinical-radiomic model by integrating radiomic features and clinical factors to predict pCR after NAC in breast cancer patients, thereby contributing to the personalized treatment of patients.