bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Profile of the Biological Activity of Functionalized Benzimidazolium Ionic Liquids
Authors: Metilda Paul , Jebha Starling P
Published: September 2020

Now-a-days, the pharmaceutical industries were facing many challenges that impose the need to develop innovative and effective therapies. Hence, the investigation of effective therapies for cancer is an actual goal of every pharmaceutical industries. Recently, Ionic Liquids (ILs) have been considered as potential target in scientific community because of their unique performance in various fields. Moreover, numerous combinations made between the cation and the anion, which can be tuned the physicochemical and biological properties of ILs. Especially, these ionic liquids play a vital role for designing new drugs and producing potent bioactivity. Herein we synthesized a series of benzimidazolium based ionic liquids with different functional groups and their structure was confirmed by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR as well as High resolution Mass spectroscopy technique antimicrobial activity of ILs were screened by five bacterial and fungal strains which was measured in terms of zone of inhibition. All the compounds were found to be effective against all bacterial species and fungi Candida albicans. Moreover, the total antioxidant capacity of ILs has been evaluated by Phosphomolybdenum method. The report indicates that kojic acid functionalized ILs exhibited significant antioxidant activity. In addition, antitumor activity of these compounds has been analyzed using human ovarian cancer cell line SK-OV-3, human prostate cancer cell line DU-145 and human leukemia cancer cell line K-562. The data obtained from antitumour studies showed that an excellent activity of ester functionalized ionic liquid confirms that can be used as an anticancer agent. However, ester functionalized and kojic acid functionalized ILs possess biologically active against the tested strains.
Self-assembly and spectroscopic fingerprints of photoactive pyrenyl tectons on hBN/Cu(111)
Authors: Zimmermann Domenik M , Seufert Knud , Ðorđević Luka , Hoh Tobias , Joshi Sushobhan , Marangoni Tomas , Bonifazi Davide , Auwärter Willi
Published: September 2020

The controlled modification of electronic and photophysical properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by chemical functionalization, adsorption on solid supports, and supramolecular organization is the key to optimize the application of these compounds in (opto)electronic devices. Here, we present a multimethod study comprehensively characterizing a family of pyridin-4-ylethynyl-functionalized pyrene derivatives in different environments. UV–vis measurements in toluene solutions revealed absorption at wavelengths consistent with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, while emission experiments showed a high fluorescence quantum yield. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS) measurements of the pyrene derivatives adsorbed on a Cu(111)-supported hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) decoupling layer provided access to spatially and energetically resolved molecular electronic states. We demonstrate that the pyrene electronic gap is reduced with an increasing number of substituents. Furthermore, we discuss the influence of template-induced gating and supramolecular organization on the energies of distinct molecular orbitals. The selection of the number and positioning of the pyridyl termini in tetrasubstituted, trans- and cis-like-disubstituted derivatives governed the self-assembly of the pyrenyl core on the nanostructured hBN support, affording dense-packed arrays and intricate porous networks featuring a kagome lattice.
Genç Kadınların Vajinal Akıntıyı Algılama Durumu ve Vajinal Akıntıya Yönelik Geleneksel Uygulamaları
Authors: ÖZCAN Handan , ARIK Sevgi , ESEN Ümmü  Gülsüm , ASLAN Nazife
Published: September 2020

Genç kadınların vajinal akıntıyı algılama düzeylerini ve vajinal akıntıya yönelik kullanılan geleneksel uygulamaları belirlemektir. Tanımlayıcı nitelikteki araştırmanın evrenini bir kamu üniversitesinde okuyan kadın öğrenciler (N=4622), örneklemini ise %95 güven aralığında belirlenen 355 kadın oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmaya dâhil edilme kriterlerini sağlayan toplam 285 (katılım oranı %80,28) kadınla çalışma yürütüldü. Veri toplama formu 4 bölümden ve toplam 46 sorudan oluşmaktadır. Gerekli kurum izinleri alındı ve uygun istatistiki yöntemler kullanıldı. Kadınların yaş ortalaması 20,88±1,52’dir. Çalışmada anormal vajinal akıntı görülme oranı %19,3’tür. Kadınlar arasında vajinal akıntı şikâyetleri için geleneksel yöntem kullanma oranı %14,2’dir. Anormal akıntı için kullanılan geleneksel yöntemler; soğan sarımsak maydanoz suyu içmek (%14,7), vajene (hazneye) pamuk yada bez yerleştirmek (%11,2), soğan, maydanoz, ısırgan, papatya kaynatıp vajeni yıkamak (%2,5), sirke, soda yada limon suyu ile vajeni silmek (%0,9), hazneye sarımsak yerleştirmektir (%1,8). Geleneksel yöntemleri kullanan kadınların %12,6’sı yöntemin etkili olduğunu belirtti. Genitoüriner yol enfeksiyonları için kullanılan geleneksel uygulamaların değerlendirilmesi, etkinliği, zararı, maliyeti gibi sonuçların ele alınması, bölgesel ve daha fazla araştırmaların yapılması önerilmektedir.
Yeni Bir Kavram: Helikopter Ebeveynlik
Authors: ÇETİN AVCI Seda , GÜLEÇ Duygu
Published: September 2020

Bireylerin kimlik oluşumu sonucunda kendilerini topluma ne kadar ait hissedecekleri ebeveynlerinin kendilerine yönelik davranış ve tutumlarıyla yakından alakalıdır. Ebeveynlik sağlıklı çocuk yetiştirmede anahtar role sahiptir. Çünkü her bireyin kişilik gelişimi çocukluk döneminde temel almaktadır. Ebeveynlerin çocuklarına karşı olan tutumlarının çocuklarının tüm alanlarının gelişimi üzerinde önemli etkileri vardır. Günümüzde demokratik, otoriter ve izin verici ebeveyn tutumu gibi birçok ebeveynlik kavramları bulunmaktadır. Bu kavramlara ek olarak literatürde yeni bir kavram olan helikopter ebeveynlik kavramı gündeme gelmiştir. Helikopter ebeveynlik kavramı anne, baba ve çocuğu anlık etkilemek ile kalmayıp; çocuğun bütün hayatı boyunca her anına etkileri olan bir kavramdır. Bu tutumu sergileyen anne babaların beklentileri, niyetleri iyi olsa da, bu tutumun çocuklar üzerine olumsuz etkileri olduğu bildirilmiştir. Bu derlemenin amacı literatürde yeni bir kavram olan helikopter ebeveynlik kavramını tanımlamak, ebeveynlerin özelliklerini ve bu ebeveynliğin aile ve çocuk sağlığı üzerine etkilerini ve hemşirenin sorumluluklarını açıklamaktır.
Sağlık Meslek Lisesi Öğrencileri Arasında Menstrüel Baş Ağrısı Sıklığı ve Stres Düzeyinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: SEVİMLİ GÜLER Döndü , ŞAHİN Sevil , ÖZDEMİR Kevser , ÜNSAL Alaattin
Published: September 2020

incelenmesi ve stres düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışma, Sakarya ilinde sağlık meslek liselerinde öğrenim gören öğrenciler üzerinde yapılan kesitsel tipte bir araştırmadır. Çalışma kapsamına alınan öğrencilerden 542’si çalışma grubunu oluşturmuştur. Çalışmada veri toplamak amacıyla literatürden de faydalanılarak hazırlanan anket formu kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin stres düzeylerinin belirlenmesi için Algılanan Stres Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi için Ki-kare testi, Mann-Whitney U testi ve Kruskal Wallis testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışma grubunu oluşturan öğrencilerin yaşları 14-19 arasında değişmekte olup, ortalama 16.40±1.05 yıldır. Öğrencilerin %84.3’ünün menstrual sikluslarının, %85.8’inin de adet kanama süresinin normal olduğu belirlendi. Öğrencilerin %49.8’inde menstrüel baş ağrısı öyküsü vardı. Çalışma kapsamına alınan öğrencilerin Algılanan Stres Ölçeğinden aldıkları puanlar 10-54 arasında değişmekte olup, ortalama 29.29±6.76 puan (ortanca 29.0; min: 11.0, max: 54.0) idi. Sonuç ve öneriler: Çalışmada öğrencilerin yaklaşık yarısında menstrüel baş ağrısı yaşandığı saptanmıştır. Menstrüel baş ağrısı olanlarda stres düzeyinin daha yüksek olduğu görüldü. Çalışmanın yapıldığı liselerde menstrüel baş ağrısı erken tanısı ve tedavisi için zaman zaman tarama programlarının uygulanması, stres ile başa çıkabilme yöntemleri hakkında bilgilendirme çalışmalarının yapılması yararlı olacaktır.
İlk ve Acil Yardım Öğrencilerinin Kadına Yönelik Şiddete Ve Şiddette Mesleki Rollerine İlişkin Tutumları
Authors: ŞAHİN Ezgi , GÜNGÖR İlkay
Published: September 2020

Amaç: Araştırma ilk ve acil yardım öğrencilerinin kadına yönelik şiddet ve şiddette mesleki rollerine ilişkin tutumlarını ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı.
Yöntem: Kesitsel olarak yapılan araştırmanın örneklemini Arel Üniversitesi İlk ve Acil Yardım Programında okuyan ve çalışmayı kabul eden 240 öğrenci oluşturdu. Veriler; Demografik Bilgi Formu, Şiddete İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği ve Sağlık Personelinin Şiddette Mesleki Rollerine İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Veriler; yüzdelik, sayı, ortalama, student t testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis, Mann Whitney U ve post hoc test/ tamhane testleriyle değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Kız öğrenciler ve baba eğitim düzeyi lise ve üzeri olanlar şiddete karşı geleneksel tutum gösterdikleri bulunmuştır (p<0.05). Öğrencilerin cinsiyet ile şiddete ilişkin eğitim alma isteği arasında (p=0.003) ve cinsiyet ile bildirim yapma arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur (p=0.024). Öğrencilerin şiddete ilişkin tutum ölçeği genel puan ortalaması (77.18±11.90) ve sağlık personellerinin mesleki rollerine ilişkin tutum ölçeği (59.30±8.08) puan ortalaması incelendiğinde, şiddeti normalleştiren geleneksel bakış açısına sahip oldukları saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: İlk ve acil yardım öğrencilerinin kadına yönelik şiddette geleneksel yaklaşım sergiledikleri ancak mesleki destekleyici rollerinde çağdaş bir yaklaşım gösterdikleri saptanmıştır. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda; öğrencilere mesleki bilgi ve becerinin kazandırılmasının yanı sıra kadına yönelik şiddet konusunda da farkındalık ve duyarlılık kazandırılması önerilmektedir.
A Case Report: Rare Anomaly of a Single Coronary Artery Arising from the Right Aortic Sinus of Valsalva
Authors: Farhat Kassem , Dib Jean , El Khoury Antoine , Asmar Alain
Published: September 2020

Background: Single Coronary Artery (SCA) is a rare, most commonly asymptomatic, congenital anomaly which is usually discovered incidentally during investigations. This entity consists of a single coronary artery supplying the entire myocardium. It may be classified based on the origin and the course of the artery. Depending on the patient's presentation and its severity, medical or invasive interventions may be warranted.

Case Report: A 65-year-old female patient known to have diabetes and hypertension presented to our emergency department with chest pain and discomfort. Blood tests and electrocardiography (ECG) showed no significant abnormalities, but on coronary angiography, we suspected an anatomical variation. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) confirmed our suspicion revealing a single coronary artery supplying the entire myocardium and arising from the right sinus of Valsalva. The patient received medical therapy and was discharged home.

Conclusion: We presented this case of Single Coronary Artery due to the rarity of this diagnosis. Presentation, treatment plan, and prognosis typically vary depending on the subtype of the anomaly. Early recognition is very important, especially in young adults.
INNOVATION PLACES: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL REMARKS FOR ANALYSING METROPOLITAN CREATIVITY AND INNOVATIONS
Authors: Bierwiaczonek Krzysztof , Gawron Grzegorz , Pyka Robert , Suchacka Małgorzata
Published: September 2020

Metropolises are currently regarded as nodes in a global network of flows, becoming the driving forces for territorial development, characterised by high potential of creativity and the innovations generated as a result. A contemporary challenge is to find adequate concepts for analysing and understanding metropolitan innovativeness. The objective of the article is to provide the necessary features by which a new approach to studying metropolitan inventiveness can be adopted. The formulation of this model was inspired by the independently functioning concepts of metropolisation, innovativeness, and the concepts of place. By considering these three perspectives together and their specific methods of analysis, it is possible to describe and explain the process of generating innovations in contemporary metropolises. This article is divided into three main sections illustrating how the concepts of innovation environments, networks, and districts combined with the dynamic concept of place, all relate to innovation place. The analysis presented serves as the basis for the model of an innovation place, it being essential to future initiatives in this sphere of study. The article concludes with methodological remarks indicating the potential use for “innovation space” model.
ANALYSIS OF EQUIPMENT FAULTS IN INDOOR CLIMATE SYSTEMS AND THEIR DETECTION AND DIAGNOSIS MEASURES
Authors: Misevičiūtė Violeta
Published: September 2020

Indoor climate systems required to provide indoor climate and ensure indoor air quality, failures affect the amount of energy consumed in a building, although insufficient attention is paid to their operation. The energy consumption can be reduced due to ensured proper operation of indoor climate systems avoiding equipment faults. The article reviews scientific articles, those represent typical heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems equipment faults of the most energy intensive office and commercial buildings. Measures of detecting and diagnosis equipment failures as well are identified. A generalized overview of the study area shows the typical faults of the indoor climate system are related to the control of the devices, sensors, deterioration of equipment performance. The most commonly used methods for detecting and diagnosing faults are automated fault detection and diagnosis (AFDD) methods. Possible solutions for troubleshooting HVAC systems are presented.
Identification of Orbital Eclipses in LAMOST J024048.51+195226.9, a Candidate AE Aqr-type Cataclysmic Variable Star
Authors: Littlefield Colin , Garnavich Peter
Published: September 2020

AE Aqr objects are a class of cataclysmic variable stars in which the rapidly rotating magnetosphere of the white dwarf (WD) primary centrifugally expels most infalling gas before it can accrete onto the WD. The expulsion of the accretion flow via this “magnetic propeller” extracts angular momentum from the WD and produces large-amplitude, aperiodic flares in optical photometry. The eponymous AE Aqr is the only confirmed member of this class of object, but recently, Thorstensen discovered a candidate AE Aqr system: LAMOST J024048.51+195226.9. Using survey photometry, we measure a refined orbital period for this system and identify a shallow, previously unrecognized eclipse during which the system’s frequent AE Aqr-like flaring episodes cease. A dedicated follow-up study is still necessary to test the proposed AE Aqr classification for LAMOST J024048.51+195226.9, but should it be confirmed, the eclipse of its flare-production region will offer a new means of studying the magnetic propeller phenomenon.
CNO Cycle Burning in Ultra-low Metallicity Solar Mass Stars
Authors: Tompkins Scott , Windhorst Rogier , Young Patrick , Timmes F. X.
Published: September 2020

We use the 1D stellar evolution code MESA to run select models at one solar mass at near zero metallicity to examine the effect of a lack of catalysts for CNO burning on the evolution of these models. We find that for metallicities below 10−10 

Z

⊙

a loop occurs on the HR diagram as the star evolves off the main sequence, corresponding to the onset of significant CNO burning in the core of the star. This feature is visible in the Kippenhahn diagram as a period where the core becomes convective while the burning takes place. During this loop, the degeneracy of the core is lifted as CNO burning produces around 3.7% of the total nuclear energy.
Entreprendre dans les Deep Tech à plus de 40 ans : le pari du mastère spécialisé Second Life
Authors: Denis-Rémis Cédric , Heully Alexandre
Published: September 2020

Le mastère spécialisé Second Life – Deep Tech Entrepreneur se démarque dans l’offre de formation executive française en proposant à des professionnels ayant plus de vingt ans d’expérience d’explorer le potentiel business de technologies Deep Tech issues de l’université PSL et de fonder des start-up avec des chercheurs. La première promotion a abouti à la création de Skiagenics, spécialisée dans le diagnostic moléculaire pour la recherche contre le cancer, et de Sublime Énergie, qui propose une solution de valorisation du biogaz.
Factors affecting the adoption of e-learning in Indonesia: Lesson from Covid-19
Authors: Siron Yubaedi , Wibowo Agus , Narmaditya Bagus Shandy
Published: September 2020

This study aims to examine factors affecting the use of e-learning during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This survey study utilized a quantitative approach to understand the relationship variables by using SEM-PLS. An online questionnaire was distributed to collect information from respondents. A total of 250 questionnaires were gathered and 210 responses can be used for further analysis. The findings indicate that the students’ intention in using e-learning was determined by several variables, including perceived enjoyment, students experience, computer anxiety, and perceived self-efficacy. These findings also confirm that both perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness can explain the students’ intention in utilizing e-learning. The results provide an implication toward the importance of understanding factors of adoption of e-learning and how students can perceive e-learning as the response of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Application of Caputo-Fabrizio derivative to a cancer model with unknown parameters
Authors: El-Dessoky M. M. , Khan Muhammad Altaf
Published: September 2020

The present work explore the dynamics of the cancer model with fractional derivative. The model is formulated in fractional type of Caputo-Fabrizio derivative. We analyze the chaotic behavior of the proposed model with the suggested parameters. Stability results for the fixed points are shown. A numerical scheme is implemented to obtain the graphical results in the sense of Caputo-Fabrizio derivative with various values of the fractional order parameter. Further, we show the graphical results in order to study that the model behave the periodic and quasi periodic limit cycles as well as chaotic behavior for the given set of parameters.
Comprehensive analysis of integer-order, Caputo-Fabrizio (CF) and Atangana-Baleanu (ABC) fractional time derivative for MHD Oldroyd-B fluid with slip effect and time dependent boundary condition
Authors: Riaz Muhammad Bilal , Saeed Syed Tauseef
Published: September 2020

This article is focused on the slip effect in the unsteady flow of MHD Oldroyd-B fluid over a moving vertical plate with velocity \begin{document}$ U_{o}f(t) $\end{document}. The Laplace transformation and inversion algorithm are used to evaluate the expression for fluid velocity and shear stress. Fractional time derivatives are used to analyze the impact of fractional parameters (memory effect) on the dynamics of the fluid. While making a comparison, it is observed that the fractional-order model is best to explain the memory effect as compared to the classical model. The behavior of slip condition as well as no-slip condition is discussed with all physical quantities. The influence of dimensionless physical parameters like magnetic force \begin{document}$ M $\end{document}, retardation time \begin{document}$ \lambda_{r} $\end{document}, fractional parameter \begin{document}$ \alpha $\end{document}, and relaxation time \begin{document}$ \lambda $\end{document} on fluid velocity has been discussed through graphical illustration. Our results suggest that the velocity field decreases by increasing the value of the magnetic field. In the absence of a slip parameter, the strength of the magnetic field is maximum. Furthermore, it is noted that the Atangana-Baleanu derivative in Caputo sense (ABC) is the best to highlight the dynamics of the fluid.
The joint location-transportation model based on grey bi-level programming for early post-earthquake relief
Authors: Zhou Yufeng , Zheng Bin , Su Jiafu , Li Yufeng
Published: September 2020

The initial period after the earthquake is the prime time for disaster relief. During this period, it is of great value to rationally locate the transfer facilities of relief materials and effectively arrange the transportation of relief materials. Considering the characteristics of the two-level emergency logistics system including uncertain demand, uncertain transportation time, multiple varieties of relief materials, shortage of supply, multi-transportation modes and different urgencies of relief material demand, the integrated issue with the concern of transfer facility location and relief material transportation is studied. Then, this problem is formulated as a grey mixed integer bi-level nonlinear programming in which the upper-level aims at the shortest relief material transportation time and the lower-level aims at the maximum fairness of relief material distribution. According to the characteristics of the model, a hybrid genetic algorithm is designed to solve the proposed model. Finally, a numerical simulation is carried out on the background of 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake. In addition, the validation of the proposed model and algorithm is verified.
Exponential stability analysis and control design for nonlinear system with time-varying delay
Authors: Jin Xuelian
Published: September 2020

This paper investigates the problem of exponential stability analysis and control design for time delay nonlinear systems with unknown control coefficient. Nussbaum gain function is utilized to solve the problem of unknown control directions at every step. By designing a new Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, the problem of unknown time-varying delay is solved. Under the frame of adaptive backstepping recursive design, an exponential stabilization control algorithm is developed, which demonstrates that all solutions of controlled system are ultimately uniformly bounded (UUB) and exponential converge to zero. Finally, simulation results are displayed to explain the superiority and effectiveness of the developed control method.
Financing Digital Innovation for Sustainable Development
Authors: Piaggesi Danilo , Landazuri Helena
Published: September 2020

SDG 17 pursues capacity building through access to data, information and knowledge to support decision-making and oversight. Such guidelines embrace the economic viability and sustainability attributes that innovation must have to be called such, in the field of promoting digital innovation. Those guidelines provide a clear path to streamline efforts in this area by directing support to three crucial areas: (1) developing a market for digital innovation products and services; (2) supporting initiatives to bring about new and more efficient business models and processes; and (3) providing focused support to the generation of innovative products and services. To achieve these ends, it is proposed to establish adequate mechanisms to provide technical and financial support in each one of those areas, utilizing partners and collaboration mechanisms.
Organizational Policy Learning and Evaluation Using Monte Carlo Methods
Authors: Leung Clement , Kuang Nikki Lijing , Sung Vienne W. K.
Published: September 2020

Organizations need to constantly learn, develop, and evaluate new strategies and policies for their effective operation. Unsupervised reinforcement learning is becoming a highly useful tool, since rewards and punishments in different forms are pervasive and present in a wide variety of decision-making scenarios. By observing the outcome of a sufficient number of repeated trials, one would gradually learn the value and usefulness of a particular policy or strategy. However, in a given environment, the outcomes resulting from different trials are subject to external chance influence and variations. In learning about the usefulness of a given policy, significant costs are involved in systematically undertaking the sequential trials; therefore, in most learning episodes, one would wish to keep the cost within bounds by adopting learning efficient stopping rules. In this Chapter, we explain the deployment of different learning strategies in given environments for reinforcement learning policy evaluation and review, and we present suggestions for their practical use and applications.
Understanding Organizational Development With a Continuum of Care Model
Authors: Chan Jaimie Jo Wai , Chu Maria , Liu Kwong Yuen
Published: September 2020

Most non-profit organizations move through a life cycle consisting distinct stages that define the change of organizational activities and processes. Although these stages are well defined in the literature, the manner in which non-profit organizations transition through the life cycle vary greatly. This article will present a case study of the Yee Hong Centre for Geriatric Care, a non-profit senior care organization from Toronto, Canada, to illustrate its development throughout the non-profit organizational life cycle. The Yee Hong Centre's adoption of a continuum of care model will be of particular focus as one of the primary drivers of the organization's development. This article will also discuss the challenges that the Yee Hong Centre continues to face in maintaining its current level of success and provide a conceptual examination of how the continuum of care model can be applied to contribute to the organization's sustainability.
A Nemetic Model for Transmedia Organizational Literacy
Authors: Gallon Ray , Galés Maria Nieves Lorenzo , Josefowicz Michael
Published: September 2020

The increasing diversification of interconnected media platforms, which provide a complex discourse, demands an effective use of the space that is now called “transmedia”. This article provides terms and definitions for transmedia and for the new set of personal skills and abilities required to participate in it: “transliteracy”. It also presents the nemetic system, which facilitates analyzing, tracking and visualizing communication interactions in virtual transmedia environments. Learning to use these new media platforms requires skills beyond the traditional listening and reading, to be able to integrate multiple messages in multiple codes, as an essential skill both for personal and professional communication. This transliteracy is a complex ability of intertextual navigation, the strategy for coding and decoding the multidiscourse in the digital ecosystem.
Data Discovery Systems for Not-for-Profit Organizations
Authors: Palonka Joanna
Published: September 2020

Information and communications technologies (ICTs) change the organization's rules of functioning in the contemporary world. The major challenge facing each organization is the necessity to acquire/develop its ability to create, implement and use innovative ICT methods and techniques in all processes it carries out. The study is aimed at not-for-profit organizations. They are in need of organizational, financial, and technological changes in order to fulfil their mission and build their potential effectively. Under existing circumstances these organizations are forced to efficiently use data in resource management. They have to understand that modern ICTs bring internal benefits and contribute to higher efficiency as well as enhanced quality of the services they provide. Data Discovery Systems (DD) are one of the modern technologies which help in achieving these goals. The aim of this chapter is to present the possibility of using DD systems in effective resource management of not-for-profit organizations based on the case study of a selected organization.
Agile Stage-Gate Hybrid Framework for New Product Development
Authors: Kitsios Fotis C. , Kamariotou Maria
Published: September 2020

The search for appropriate New Product Development (NPD) models or different approaches has become a new emerging topic both for scholars and practitioners. One of the latest results of these researches on NPD management is agile, to manage the increasing complexity of the NPD process. Physical product development, however, is much different from software development. Agile software development has been utilized to answer the challenges of software system development in spite of the lack of empirical evidence from academic research. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a systematic approach regarding the implementation of the Stage-Gate model and agile software in NPD process. Authors derived recommendations for practitioners who want to study Stage-Gate and agile methods in NPD and a research agenda for academics that highlights the need for further research in this area. In addition, the resulting systematic overview is useful as a reference work for researchers in the field of NPD and helps them identify both related work and new research opportunities in this field.
An Improved Monkey Search Algorithm to Solve the Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problems With Makespan Objective
Authors: Marichelvam Mariappan Kadarkarainadar , M. Geetha
Published: September 2020

This work proposes a hybrid monkey search algorithm (HMSA) to solve the flexible job shop scheduling problem (FJSP) to minimize the makespan. The FJSP is a simple scheduling model that resembles numerous industrial production processes and the FJSP has been proved to be strongly NP-hard. Due to both theoretical and practical significance of FJSP, numerous researchers tackled the FJSP using different approaches. In this paper, the variable neighbourhood search (VNS) algorithm is combined with the monkey search algorithm (MSA) to enhance the solution quality. Benchmark problems are considered for validating the performance of the proposed algorithm. The computational results confirm the supremacy of the proposed HMSA for the benchmark problem.
MDTF
Authors: Pandey Sarvesh , Shanker Udai
Published: September 2020

The Equal slack (EQS) heuristic is one of the widely used priority assignment heuristics. However, it severely suffers from the problems of intensive data contention, deadlock, and cyclic restart. To overcome some of the above problems, this chapter proposes a Most Dependent Transaction First (MDTF) priority heuristic that injects the size of dependent transactions of all directly competing transactions (that have requested access to the conflicting data item) in their priority computation. The MDTF heuristic efficiently reduces the data contentions among concurrently executing cohorts; and thus, it reduces the wastage of the system resources. This dynamic cohort priority assignment heuristic reduces the data contention considerably by utilizing the information about the dependency size of cohort(s). Doing this will make it easy for a currently executing cohort to better assess the level of data contention with absolutely no extra communication and time overhead. Such detailed dependency information is very useful to efficiently assign priorities to the cohorts.
What Is a P2P Business Model?
Authors: Assadi Djamchid
Published: September 2020

Since 2005, the number of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) platforms has grown substantially in areas such as carpooling, online dating, and crowdfunding. Though the development of P2P activities is increasing, there is a lack of strategic and managerial theories for this type of platform, especially when identifying the elements of its business model. This paper seeks to clearly define what a business model is. Extensive literature is reviewed to build a theory of business model for P2P activities. The validity of the model is tested through crowdfunding platforms. Keywords: Business model, crowdfunding, customer value proposition (CVP), governance, income stream, infrastructural technologies, P2P, two-sided markets,
Strategic Foresight Tools for Planning and Policy
Authors: Holland Barbara Jane
Published: September 2020

Today, companies can no longer assume that the past will be a good predictor of the future; Those that fail to prepare for radically new possibilities may face sudden irrelevance. Strategic Foresight, aka, Futures thinking, provides a structured approach enabling people and organizations to overcome cognitive biases and think more realistically about change. It helps to uncover blind spots, imagine radically different futures, and improve decision-making. Climate disruption, artificial intelligence, and automation are quickly transforming the landscape for business and sustainability. This chapter will review the Strategic Foresight tools used to embed long-term strategic thinking and planning concerning policy and strategy.
Viability of the Sustainable Development Ecosystem
Authors: Hays Jay , Reinders Hayo
Published: September 2020

This chapter pursues the question: how viable is sustainable development? Framed alternatively as, “is sustainable development sustainable?” this question is particularly germane in the early decades of the 21st century, as business and government leaders are challenged by a continuous stream of vexing problems, dramatically-changing strategic landscapes, and the constant need to do more with less. Never before has the need for sustainability been as critically evident as it is at this moment. And, while exemplary achievements in sustainability exist, widespread sustainability remains elusive. To assist leaders to better understand and deal sustainably with contemporary challenges, this chapter introduces the idea of Sustainable Development (SD) as an ecosystem and explains how and why it may be fruitful to conceive of SD in this way and apply ecosystem thinking to organisations and other communities.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Management in a Glocal Context
Authors: Silva Maria Luísa , Jacquinet Marc M. , Nobre Ângela Lacerda
Published: September 2020

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become a recurrent and global concept used by international and local corporations, with its supporters, skeptics, and critics. It is also a growing area of concern and practice for businesses for answering the challenges of the present century, such as fighting poverty or promoting sustainable development goals. There is need—almost consensual—for clarifying the impact and the policy setting related to complex areas, such as climate change, environmental issues, social responsibility and a whole array of ethical issues, at global and at the local level (i.e., through an unavoidable glocal perspective). The purpose of this chapter is, first, to review the literature and the main issues related to corporate social responsibility; second, to identify the current challenges this scientific area is facing; and, third, to pinpoint its relevance at the level of the digital economy setting, for the management of the emergent business models and of the information systems management of businesses.
What Can Organizations Do to Combat Human Trafficking?
Authors: Dryjanska Laura
Published: September 2020

This chapter discusses the current topic of human trafficking in the context of organization management and corporate social responsibility. First, human trafficking is defined, presenting the scope and various forms of modern slavery, with a special emphasis on labor trafficking. Second, the chapter sheds light on some ways in which organizations may combat human trafficking, within the framework of prosecution of traffickers, protection of victims, prevention of the offense, and transformative partnership. In particular, effective management of a supply chain constitutes a way for organizations to engage in fighting modern slavery, not only in line with the corporate social responsibility, but also in fulfillment of national legislation imposing mandatory requirements onto companies to disclose information about labor issues in their supply chains. Third, some examples from different types of organizations in diverse cultures are presented, emphasizing how such efforts fit with the missions and visions of these philanthrocapitalists.
Data Mining for Fraud Detection
Authors: Marmo Roberto
Published: September 2020

With the increased use online and electronic resources both by the companies and the customers the problem of fraud has been rising in the last decade. Data mining to classify, cluster, and segment the data and automatically find associations and rules in the data, that may signify interesting patterns, including those related to fraud. This chapter aims to introduces to the concepts of fraud, processes and tools involved in data mining techniques, as well as the importance, challenges, and use cases.
Blockchain Technology and Its Applications
Authors: Wang Ting , Yu Liguo , Li Yingmei
Published: September 2020

Blockchain is an information technology solution for distributed digital record. Its main properties are secure, traceable, and transparent. Blockchain was first proposed for bitcoin, a decentralized virtual digital currency. Recently, blockchain draws attentions of researchers, entrepreneurs, and investors, because people found that blockchain technology can revolutionize many business practices. This paper describes the fundamentals of blockchain technology, including data structure, data distribution, and transaction execution and validation. This paper also discusses the representative blockchain protocols and development platforms. In addition, this paper outlines the potential applications of blockchain technology and the broader impact it might bring to industry, business, and beyond.
Emerging E-Business Models and Their Impact
Authors: Yu Liguo , Wang Ting
Published: September 2020

With the wide usage of the internet and mobile apps, various e-business models are created and realized. Although most of them have a short history, their economic and social impact are significant. This paper describes the background and status quo of several representative emerging e-business models, including marketplace lending, mobile-enabled transportation, peer-to-peer rental, and personalized marketing. In addition, this paper discusses how these e-business models are transforming the landscape of our society and our social relations.
Crowdsourcing Maturity and Its Application in Public Organization Management
Authors: Lenart-Gansiniec Regina Anna
Published: September 2020

The aim of this article is to identify the level of crowdsourcing maturity of municipal offices in Poland. There is considerable scarcity in the literature regarding the tools to identify the degree of crowdsourcing maturity of public organizations. These existing considerations focus only on the assessment of the readiness of individual public administration bodies to implement e-administration programs. Besides, the very concept of crowdsourcing maturity has not been used by crowdsourcing researchers dealing with public organization management. Therefore, it is necessary to propose an original tool for measuring public organization crowdsourcing maturity.
Understanding SME Techno-Entrepreneurship in Nigeria's IT Clusters
Authors: Umukoro Immanuel Ovemeso
Published: September 2020

This chapter examines the concepts and issues of SME techno-entrepreneurship in ICT clusters. An integrative literature review was adopted and three purposively selected ICT clusters were observed. The chapter provides a conceptual framing of techno-entrepreneurship practices and identifies attributes of SME techno-entrepreneurship in Nigeria, its relevance to the ICT ecosystem growth as well as national development. The chapter identifies a frugal mindset, frugal processes, networking, innovative behaviour, and frugal outcome as key attributes of SME techno-entrepreneurs operating out of ICT clusters. By linking techno-entrepreneurship with frugal innovation, the chapter further proposes a model of SME techno-entrepreneurial practices in ICT clusters which highlights the various stages and processes of cluster SME techno-entrepreneurship. The paper concludes with a section on challenges and opportunities of SME techno-entrepreneurship in Nigeria.
The ISO/IEC 29110 Software Lifecycle Standard for Very Small Companies
Authors: O'Connor Rory V.
Published: September 2020

For many small and start-up software companies, implementing controls and structures to properly manage their software development activity is a major challenge. It is commonly agreed that very small software companies, implementing management procedures, and controls to appropriately administer their software development activity is a significant challenge. To help meet the need for VSE-specific systems and software lifecycle profiles and guidelines, the ISO/IEC jointly published ISO/IEC 29110 “Lifecycle profiles for Very Small Entities” series of standards and guides, with the overall objective being to assist and encourage very small software organization in assessing and improving their software. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a primer on the ISO/IEC 29110 standard focusing on two main process areas of Project Management and Software Implementation.
Design of a Strategic Knowledge Management Model to Evaluate Sales Growth in SMEs
Authors: Bermon-Angarita Leonardo , Rueda-Caicedo Lyda Jovanna
Published: September 2020

Knowledge management has allowed sharing and managing the intangible assets of organizations. However, in the majority of SMEs the absence of this discipline is noted, because knowledge is not considered an asset, since extensive resources are required for its proper management. The purpose of this paper is to design a knowledge management model in the marketing area of an SME, including variables that come from two profiles: the managerial and the selling area. This study was conducted in a simulation of one thousand surveys applied to SME managers. The results allowed to identify the importance that knowledge management generates in the marketing area, through the management of intellectual capital in its dimensions: human capital, relational capital and structural capital. The model that was obtained based on the simulation shows the relevance of organizational learning in competitiveness, generating an increase in sales. One of the main implications of this research is to evaluate the intellectual capacity, and to determine if it is necessary to invest in it or not.
Role of Technology Startups in Africa's Digital Ecosystem
Authors: Assay Benjamin Enahoro
Published: September 2020

This article examines the role of technology startups in Africa's digital ecosystem. Africa's tech scene is witnessing a boom that has caught the attention of the global community. The boom has culminated in the increase in number of startups and technology hubs across the continent. The growth in Africa's technology sector comes at a time when mobile internet adoption in Africa continued to grow rapidly, with the number of mobile internet subscribers increasing three-fold in the last six years to over 300 million unique subscribers. But despite the boom, fragmented markets, lack of funding and unfriendly business environments pose problems for the continent's new entrepreneurs. Against this backdrop, this article recommends, among others, that African governments should collaborate with private investors to sponsor old and new startups in the continent; provide level playing ground for the development of infrastructure that would support the growth of technology startups; and make bandwidth accessible to startups at reduced rate.
Knowledge in Science and Technology Parks
Authors: Martinez-Canas Ricardo , Ruiz-Palomino Pablo , Garcia-Haro Maria Angeles
Published: September 2020

Science and technology parks (STPs) are considered as a kind of public-private partnerships designed to increase regional wealth and technology start-ups growth in developed and/or in developing regions. The main aim of these institutions is to reproduce the successful factors of regional phenomena such as Silicon Valley or Boston's Route 128. These institutions are focused on fostering knowledge flows, mainly among tenant institutions, as well as between tenants and nearby external institutions. The main objective of this chapter is to shed some light in the role of STPs as specialized institutions leveraging knowledge creation and diffusion. First, the origin and evolution are analyzed. Second, the evolution and typology of models of STPs are showed. Finally, conclusions and future research directions will be proposed
Exploring Terroir Zone and Tourism Cluster Based on GIS Mapping
Authors: Hsueh Ya-Hui
Published: September 2020

This chapter uses GIS mapping to locate a set of points of locations of agricultural farms of the terroir zones, and aims to explore the relationship between terroir zone and tourism cluster to respond to the concept of industry cluster. Companied with tourism cluster, the terroir specialties are transformed to tourist foods to demonstrate increasing tourist attractiveness by creative cuisines and place brands. This chapter shows the spatial concentrations of different terroir specialties based on GIS mapping including point density analysis, terrain analysis and overlay analysis to identify the terroir zones. Instead of focusing on innovation atmosphere, knowledge intensive or technology transfer, this chapter explores the importance of terroir zone for what makes this district having the competitive advantages of tourism cluster. To identify the characteristics of terroir zone, this chapter evokes the implication of creative cuisine and food trail associated with its geographical proximity and creativeness to establish a new flourishing tourist zone.
Influential Factors on Reverse Knowledge Transfers in Multinational Organizations
Authors: Castro Rita Marques , Neves Sara Pandeirada , Moreira António Carrizo
Published: September 2020

Multinational organizations are global knowledge transfer systems where multiple knowledge flows happen simultaneously between HQ, local clusters, and subsidiaries. HQs are irreplaceable sources of knowledge for the subsidiaries, since they possess valuable intangible assets and capabilities, used in the local markets. On the other hand, the local knowledge transferred from the subsidiaries to the HQs benefits the multinational's productivity and local performance, improving the formulation of global strategies, facilitating the access to external resources and supporting on R&D and NPD activities. The goal of this chapter is to deepen the literature on reverse knowledge transfers in which knowledge flows from the subsidiary to the HQ. This chapter seeks to explore the key success factors that influence reverse knowledge transfers within multinationals. It categorizes knowledge transfers within three groups: subsidiary's characteristics, knowledge characteristics and relationship between HQ and subsidiary. The chapter also aims to explain the outcomes of these knowledge flows.
Neurostrategy
Authors: Camisón César
Published: September 2020

The key premise of economics, which views people as utilitarian individuals who make completely rational economic decisions, has influenced other disciplines as Strategy. However, the developments in behavioural neuroscience have opened a major understanding of the mental processes that explain managers's behaviour and effectiveness.This article presents a review of the contributions from behavioural neuroscience to the study of managerial decision-making and offers a critical evaluation of its implications for management and organization studies, especially in the field of strategy. The paper reviews the most recent literature on neurostrategy and maps out the main strands of the debate and their implications for understanding the behaviour of strategy-makers. The study of neuronal and psicological foundations for strategy-makers behaviours and decision-making has identified the problems of the general model of the rational problem-solving process in information, perception, and selection of strategies, and how behavioural strategy can help us to identify them and prevent them.