bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emotional Distress and Subjectively Significant Difficulties in Adolescents with Oncological and Oncohematological Diseases Undergoing Chemotherapy and their Mothers
Authors: Riabova T.V. , Klipinina N. , Nikol'skaya N.S. , Shutkova E.S. , Stefanenko E.A. , Khain A.E.
Published: April 2021

The work aims to study emotional distress, the need for information about the disease and treatment, and the need for psychological assistance in adolescents undergoing inpatient treatment for oncological and oncohematological diseases. The paper presents research materials on a sample of patients aged 12—18 (N=28, 12 boys, 16 girls) and their mothers. We used distress scales for children (a version suitable for respondents aged 7—17) and parents with a modified Problem List, and questionnaires for doctors in the chemotherapy department. The results obtained indicate the severity of emotional distress, subjectively significant difficulties, the need for medical information and psychological assistance in patients and parents. Clinically significant distress was detected in 62.8% of adolescents and 64.4% of mothers. No association was found between reports of needs for information, psychological assistance, and overall distress scores in either adolescents or their mothers. Thus, it has been shown that when assessing the adolescent’s need for information and psychological assistance, it is advisable to focus not on the general dis tress score, but on the representation of difficulties associated with treatment, as well as on the adolescent’s own opinion about the presence of these needs. The inclusion in the Problem List of the distress scales of those subjectively significant difficulties that reflect the developmental characteristics of the patients and the specifics of the type of treatment, as well as the introduction of direct questions about the needs for information and psychological assistance, expands the possibilities of identifying adolescents in need of psychological support undergoing inpatient chemotherapy and facilitates their collaboration with the clinic’s multidisciplinary team of specialists.
Psychosemantic Analysis of Metaphors in Psychological Counseling
Authors: Krainyukov S.V. , Goryunova Y.V.
Published: April 2021

The paper describes the results of a psychosemantic study of metaphors in psychological counseling for adults. The research material consisted of metaphors from the records of 25 open individual psychological consultations. The chosen metaphors were evaluated by 80 respondents (50 women and 30 men) aged 25—54 (Mage=33.08, SD=9.25). The following research methods were used: the content analysis of metaphors and psychological testing in the framework of G. Kelly’s personality constructs and the specialized method of semantic differential. We present our classification of metaphors in psychological counseling. Categorical structures for evaluating metaphors in psychological counseling were identified, and the semantic spaces of metaphors for respondents of different sexes were constructed and analyzed. The results show that respondents evaluated metaphors based on the emotional valence (positive/negative) of the state they caused; the most positively perceived were educational metaphors of counselors that affected the cognitive sphere. Moreover, women found it more important that metaphors caused a state of calm or anxiety, and men paid more attention to funny or melancholy-inducing metaphors.
Novos dados sobre a lito-estratigrafia do Grupo Beiras (Schist Greywacke Complex) na região de Góis- Arganil-Pampilhosa da Serra (Portugal Central)
Authors: Meireles Carlos , Sequeira A.J.D. , Castro Paulo , Ferreira Narciso
Published: April 2021

No decurso dos levantamentos geológicos realizados na região de Góis (Portugal Central) uma nova unidade foi reconhecida no topo da Formação Boque-Serpins, caracterizada pela presença de níveis de quartzitos entrelaçados com xistos, agora chamados pela Formação Colmeal. A sua caracterização formal é agora apresentada e as suas implicações geológicas regionais são discutidas no contexto da sequência metasedimentar neoproterozóica do Grupo das Beiras (Supergrupo Dúrico-Beirão ou "Complexo Xisto-Grauvaque"). Os levantamentos geológicos em curso confirmam que a sequência, desde a base até ao topo, das formações Caneiro, Boque-Serpins e Colmeal, apresentam o mesmo padrão estrutural e de deformação, comum às três unidades. Note-se que estas unidades, definidas no sector sul de Coimbra - Lousã - Góis, têm uma ampla representação cartográfica regional, uma vez que já foram mapeadas e reconhecidas desde Arganil até à Sertã, a sul. A oeste, estender-se-ão até ao limite com as metáforas da Zona Ossa-Morena estabelecidas pela falha da chave dextral de Porto-Tomar.
Zihnin Uzamsal Alışkanlıkları ile Görsel Okuryazarlık Yeterlilikleri Arasındaki İlişkinin Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli ile İncelenmesi
Authors: DOKUMACI SÜTÇÜ Neşe
Published: April 2021

Bu araştırmada öğretmen adaylarının zihnin uzamsal alışkanlıkları ile görsel okuryazarlık yeterlilikleri arasındaki ilişkinin yapısal eşitlik modeli ile incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. İlişkisel tarama deseninde tasarlanan araştırma, kolay ulaşılabilir örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilmiş 235 öğretmen adayı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler “Zihnin Uzamsal Alışkanlıkları Ölçeği” ve “Görsel Okuryazarlık Yeterlilikleri Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmada betimsel istatistikler, Pearson Momentler Çarpımı Korelasyon Katsayısı ve yapısal eşitlik modelinden yararlanılmıştır. Yapısal eşitlik modeline geçilmeden önce doğrulayıcı faktör analizi kullanılarak ölçme modelleri ayrı ayrı test edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre zihnin uzamsal alışkanlıkları ile görsel okuryazarlık yeterlilikleri arasında pozitif yönlü, anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu ve zihnin uzamsal alışkanlıklarının görsel okuryazarlık yeterliliklerinin anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.
The Relationship between Mistakes and Feedbacks Encountered in Mathematics Course in the 7th Grade
Authors: TÜRKDOĞAN Ali , BAKİ Adnan
Published: April 2021

Perhaps the biggest obstacles to the effective implementation of the student-centred mathematics programs are mistakes. So it is very important to know that not every mistake is the same and that the same type of feedback cannot be used in every mistake type. In this study, firstly 870 mistakes and feedback encountered by 4 teachers in 120 hours were analysed. Then, which feedback technique was used in which type of mistake according to Türkdoğan’s clarification and discussed to what degree the feedback met the expectations of student-centred mathematics curricula. It was found that the use of the Ignoring the Mistake or Accepting it as Correct, Saying the True Answer and Saying the Answer is Wrong feedback techniques in the first type of mistake was more appropriate. The use of Creating Conflicts, Simplifying or Making Connections feedback techniques was insufficient. It is thought that organizing educational activities for teachers and teacher students about mistakes and feedbacks will be useful to establish a more effective student-centred environment.
Eribulin: clinical review and new perspective in advanced breast cancer
Authors: Gadekar Arvind
Published: April 2021

Eribulin is a unique microtubule inhibitor with mitotic and nonmitotic mechanisms of action. Eribulin has substantial activity in patients with pretreated (anthracycline and a taxane) advanced or metastatic breast cancer was confirmed by large-scale phase III clinical trials. We review recent pharmacological and clinical findings of eribulin use in metastatic breast cancer, particularly highlighting eribulin in difficult-to-treat and aggressive disease and safety data in specific patient populations. Furthermore, recent advancements and potential future directions for its clinical usage in our understanding are discussed. Ongoing studies of eribulin in combination with immunotherapies and established cytotoxic agents may facilitate to shape the future landscape in the treatment of breast cancer.
Familial occurrence of non syndromic supernumerary premolar tooth: A case report
Authors: Prajapat Jyoti , Kumari Preeti , Prajapat Rajesh
Published: April 2021

A familial non-syndromal supernumerary teeth is a rare condition encountered in dental practice. Supernumerary teeth occur in excess of the usual number of teeth. Multiple supernumerary teeth are associated with some syndromes like cleidocranial dyplasia and Gardner syndrome. This report describes the occurrence of supernumerary premolar teeth at the same location in two sisters as a non-syndromal trait. General dental practitioners (GDP) and dental specialists should have the knowledge and skills to diagnose, manage and treat patients with this condition safely and effectively. It will also discuss the prevalence, unique distribution, associated conditions, aetiology and treatment options of this condition. This paper describes the considerations a dental practitioners should take when they encounter a case of supernumerary teeth.
Effects of cinnamon supplementation on systolic and diastolic blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials
Authors: Yazdanpanah Zeinab , Amiri Mandana , Nadjarzadeh Azadeh , Hooshmandi Hadis , Azadi-Yazdi Maryam
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Hypertension is a chronic condition that might lead to renal and cardiovascular diseases. The previous trials examining the effect of cinnamon supplementation on blood pressure have led to conflicting results. The present systematic review aimed to summarize the effect of cinnamon supplementation on blood pressure using a meta-analysis of published randomized controlled clinical trials.
Methods: To identify the eligible articles, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched from inception until September 2019 for relevant articles. The risk of bias assessment was performed using the Cochrane collaboration tool. A Random-effects model was applied to calculate the summary effects.
Results: Totally, 11 trials with 686 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The dose of cinnamon supplement consumption varied from 500 to 10000 mg/d. The meta-analysis revealed that cinnamon supplementation significantly decreases systolic blood pressure (SBP) [WMD (weighted mean difference)= -5.72 mmHg, 95% confidence interval (CI): -8.63 to -2.80; P<0.001, I2= 81.1)] and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (WMD= -4.06 mmHg, 95% CI: -6.68 to -1.44; P= 0.002, I2 = 88.6). Subgroup analysis suggested no significant reduction of DBP in subjects with diabetes (WMD= -2.015 mmHg, 95% CI: -4.55 to 0.52; P= 0.12, I2 = 72.3) and prediabetes or metabolic syndrome (WMD= -4.8 mmHg, 95% CI: -10.06 to 0.44; P= 0.073, I2= 92.5).
Conclusions: Cinnamon supplementation could be beneficial in lowering SBP and DBP in adults. Further studies with different doses are recommended to conﬁrm the present findings.
Gene Identification from Microarray Data for Diagnosis of Acute Myeloid and Lymphoblastic Leukemia Using a Sparse Gene Selection Method
Authors: Sheikhpour Razieh , Fazli Roohallah , Mehrabani Sanaz
Published: April 2021

Background: Microarray experiments can simultaneously determine the expression of thousands of genes. Identification of potential genes from microarray data for diagnosis of cancer is important. This study aimed to identify genes for the diagnosis of acute myeloid and lymphoblastic leukemia using a sparse feature selection method.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, the expression of 7129 genes of 25 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and 47 patients with lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) achieved by the microarray technology were used in this study. Then, the important genes were identified using a sparse feature selection method to diagnose AML and ALL tissues based on the machine learning methods such as support vector machine (SVM), Gaussian kernel density estimation based classifier (GKDEC), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), and linear discriminant classifier (LDC).
Results: Diagnosis of ALL and AML was done with the accuracy of 100% using 8 genes of microarray data selected by the sparse feature selection method, GKDEC, and LDC. Moreover, the KNN classifier using 6 genes and the SVM classifier using 7 genes diagnosed AML and ALL with the accuracy of 91.18% and 94.12%, respectively. The gene with the description “Paired-box protein PAX2 (PAX2) gene, exon 11 and complete CDs” was determined as the most important gene in the diagnosis of ALL and AML.
Conclusion: The experimental results of the current study showed that AML and ALL can be diagnosed with high accuracy using sparse feature selection and machine learning methods. It seems that the investigation of the expression of selected genes in this study can be helpful in the diagnosis of ALL and AML.
A comparative study between the dispersible Ferric pyrophosphate particles and Ferrous sulfate in treatment of pediatric patients with iron deficiency anemia
Authors: El-Gendy Fady M. , El- Gendy Ayat A , El-Hawy Mahmoud A.
Published: April 2021

Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common type of anemia related to malnutrition worldwide. It represents a major problem in developing countries, especially in Egypt. Ferric pyrophosphate (FPP) is a water-insoluble iron compound often used to fortify infant cereals and chocolate drink powders. It causes no adverse color and flavor changes to food vehicles. This study was done to compare the efficacy of FPP (micro dispersed iron) and ferrous sulfate (FS) in treating childhood IDA.
Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on 58 anemic children visiting the outpatient clinic, pediatric department of Menoufia University hospitals from March 2017 to June 2019. The inclusion criteria of the involved children were age 2 - 12 years and the diagnosis of IDA. Patients with other types of anemia were excluded from the study. Verbal permission was obtained from the parents of the children according to the ethical committee of Menoufia University. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group1 included 29 children who were treated with FPP and group2 included 29 children who were treated with oral traditional iron in the form of FS. Complete blood count and iron profile were recorded before and after 8 weeks of treatment.
Results: The results showed no statistically significant difference between the FPP group and the FS group regarding clinical examinations (P-value > 0.05). There was no significant difference regarding hemoglobin, serum iron, and serum ferritin between the FPP and the FS groups after treatment (P-value> 0.05). However, side effects were significantly higher in the FS group (P-value > 0.001).
Conclusion: Micro dispersed iron could be used as an alternative therapy for children with IDA who refuse oral iron therapy in a liquid form with more tolerability and fewer side effects.
Epidemiological Features and Prognosis of Retinoblastoma in Fars southern Iran, 2010-2018
Authors: Sherafat Maryam , Salehi Alireza , Molavi Vardanjani Hossein , Eghtedari Masoomeh , Owji Naser
Published: April 2021

Background: Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common intraocular malignancy in childhood. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological features and survival rates of patients with RB in southwestern Iran.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on patients with RB referred to the only referral center of southwestern Iran from 2010 to 2018. Demographic characteristics at first symptom presentation, the time interval between the symptom presenting and the treatment, educational level, socioeconomic status, type of ocular symptoms, extra-ocular involvement, types of treatments, outcomes and follow-up, the treatment interval until death and the survival rate of the patient, and pathology reports were recorded and analyzed.
Results: This study included 46 new patients with RB (25 boys and 21 girls) including 65.2% unilateral, 26.1% bilateral, and 8.7% trilateral involvements. The mean age at first symptom presentation was 18.98±16.16 months. The mean delay time was 2.48 (Interquartile range: 5.16) for boys and 3.02 (Interquartile range: 5.37) for girls (P = 0.265); death rate was significantly different for boys and girls (12.0 % versus 430%; P = 0.039). E-nucleation was done in 95.3% of cases. In 29% of patients the tumor was well-differentiated, and about 64.5% of the cases were pathologically graded at pathological tumor stages 3 or 4. At the time of the study, 54.3% of the patients were alive.  The mean survival time was 44.0 months.
Conclusion: Almost all cases were diagnosed in the advanced stages of the disease in Southwestern Iran. The disease is not preventable but early diagnosis improves the prognosis so we recommend that an eye examination at birth and designing and implementing prevention programs through parenting and child care personnel be performed in order to pay attention to early symptoms of the condition and in the absence of symptoms, screening should be done every six months.
Maternal Urinary Tract Infection: Is It Associated With Neonatal Urinary Tract Infection?
Authors: Bilgin Huseyin , Yalinbas Emine Esin , Elifoglu Ilknur , Atlanoglu Sahinde
Published: April 2021

Objective: Maternal urinary tract infection is associated with intrauterine growth restriction, preterm delivery and low birth weight. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether maternal urinary tract infection is related to neonatal urinary tract infection.
Materials and methods: The present prospective study included 230 singleton neonates. The participants were divided into two groups based on in utero exposure to maternal urinary tract infections. The study group (exposure to maternal urinary tract infection) included 115 neonates and the control group (without exposure to maternal urinary tract infection) included 115 healthy neonates. Physical examination, urinalysis, urine culture and urinary system ultrasonography were carried out for all neonates.
Results: There were 153 deliveries by cesarean section and 77 vaginal births. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of gender distribution, maternal age, birth weight, mode of delivery, gravida and gestational age. Although the difference was not significant, the incidence of low birth weight and preterm delivery were higher in the study group in comparison to that in the control group. There was a statistically significant higher rate of neonatal urinary tract infection in the study group compared with control group (25.2% vs. 7.8%, p<0.001). The most commonly discovered pathogens were Escherichia coli, followed by Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., and Serratia spp. in the study group.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the presence of maternal urinary tract infection may contribute to increased urinary tract infection frequency in the neonatal period. Neonates at risk for a urinary tract infection should be regularly monitored due to nonspecific clinical presentation.
Cardiovascular and Renal Effects of Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linnaeus. in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial
Authors: Sakhaei Roya , Nadjarzadeh Azadeh , Esmaeili Akram , Mohammadi Mohammad , Hemayati Roya , Zavar Reza Javad , Mozaffari-Khosravi Hassan , Ramezani-Jolfaie Nahid
Published: April 2021

Background: Hibiscus sabdariffa linnaeus (HSL) is a tropical plant with a high content of anthocyanin, traditionally found to have beneficial biological activities. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and parallel trial was conducted to assess some renal and cardiovascular effects of supplementation with HSL in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
Methods: The study protocol was completed by 60 patients (38 females and 22 males) who were randomly assigned into the supplemented (SG) and Placebo groups (PG). The SG was treated with 425 mg of HSL twice daily and the PG received the placebo. Anthropometric and dietary information as well as fasting blood and urine samples were collected at the baseline and end of an 8-week intervention period.
Results: Compared with the PG, supplementation with HSL significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (P = 0.01) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P = 0.004). A significant increase was observed in total antioxidant capacity levels in the SG (P = 0.03). Moreover, we found a significant reduction in the levels of blood urea nitrogen (P < 0.001), blood creatinine (P = 0.002), urine creatinine (P < 0.001), and urine albumin (P < 0.001) in the SG compared with the PG. However, no significant change was observed in diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and glomerular filtration rate following intervention between two groups.
Conclusions: HSL supplementation seems to be beneficial in improving the outcomes of patients with diabetic nephropathy; however, no considerable effect was observed on fasting glucose levels. Large-scale trials are needed to better understand its efficiency and safety for long-term use.
ARGÜMANTASYON KALİTESİNİN MATEMATİKSEL MODELLEME SÜRECİNE YANSIMASI
Authors: AYDIN GÜÇ Funda , KULEYİN Handan
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, argümantasyon kalitesinin matematiksel modelleme sürecine nasıl yansıdığını incelemektir. Bu çalışma bir durum çalışması olup bir devlet okulunun 6.sınıfında öğrenim gören 19 öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür. Öğrenciler, bir model oluşturma etkinliği üzerinde grup olarak çalışmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri, bu grup çalışmalarından elde edilen video kayıtları, öğrencilerin grup olarak çözdükleri model oluşturma etkinliğine ilişkin yazılı yanıt kâğıtları ve sunumlar sırasında yürütülen tartışmalara ait video kayıtlarından oluşmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde grupların modelleme yeterliklerinin seviyelerini belirlemek amacıyla 'Modelleme Yeterlikleri Değerlendirme Rubriği' (Tekin-Dede ve Bukova-Güzel, 2018) ve öğrencilerin oluşturdukları argümantasyonların kalitesini belirlemek amacıyla Türkçeye uyarlanan 'Argümantasyon Kalitesi Değerlendirme Rubriği' (Cho ve Jonassen, 2002) kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda argümantasyon kalitesinin matematiksel modelleme yeterliklerini olumlu şekilde etkilediği görülmüştür.
Innovation in Slovenian tourism organisations
Authors: Uran Maravić Maja , Križaj Dejan , Lesjak Miha
Published: April 2021

The purpose – Slovenian tourism organisations must constantly focus on developing variety innovations for organisations. In this paper, we present a study conducted on innovation practices in Slovenian tourism organisations. Design/methodology – In a survey conducted on Slovenia tourism organisations, we obtained data and identified their innovation performance and the innovation climate in their area of business. There are three main hypothesis tested. Findings – The research sample of 41 organisations found that most innovation in tourism organisations came through the introduction of new services (90%), followed by innovation through new organisational methods (73%), and found a high-level climate for innovation. Worse was its assessment of research activity within organisations and cooperation with external institutions (eg. universities and research institutes) and investment in innovation activities within their research and development. Results obtained from the research showed a mean value for the innovation climate-instrument of 3.83 indicating a high innovation climate for the Slovenian tourism companies included in the sample survey. Mostly, (publicly known as) more innovative active organisations responded to our survey. From such results, we find that tourism organisations included in the survey are aware of the importance of innovation, teaching organisations to communicate well and network with other organisations, are adaptable to change and engaged with their own ideas in support of the organisation's management. Originality of the research – The contribution of the research is that it has applied the generic instrument for measuring innovation climate on tourism and the first time climate is measured in Slovenia.
Climate change and tourism adaptation: literature review
Authors: Njoroge Joseph M.
Published: April 2021

Purpose – This paper reviews published English literature on tourism adaptation to climate change. Climate change remains a challenge in the 21st centaury and beyond. Climate sensitive industries like tourism are vulnerable to climate change. It is for this reason that tourism researchers have continued to explore the relationship between tourism and climate change and further explored response strategies among tourism stakeholders. Tourism research on climate change adaptation may be traces way back in the 1960s. However, focused research on climate change and tourism has emerged in the last 15 years. Design – This review maps tourism adaptation knowledge domains between early 1960s and 2014. Methodology – This paper rely on secondary English published tourism literature to aid the review Findings – Findings indicate that tourism adaptation literature have advanced under five thematic areas prior 2010 to include: Business adaptation; Consumer adaptation, Destination Adaptation; adaptation Policy and; Frameworks for adaptation. However, after 2010 a new theme on ‘sustainable adaptation’ is tourism has emerged and it is gaining attention among tourism researchers Originality – The originality of this paper is that the paper is the first paper in tourism that has identified sustainable adaptation as a new emerging thematic area in tourism and climate change adaptation research. The paper notes an emergence of interest on sustainable adaptation knowledge domain despite lack of clarity on what is sustainable adaptation within tourism research. It is therefore important for researchers to amicably define the term sustainable adaptation to enable comparative studies and discourse in the area.
Buckling Load Estimation of Two-way Grid Domes Stiffened by Diagonal Braces Under Vertical Load
Authors: Kato Shiro , Nakazawa Shoji , Mukaiyama Yoichi , Iwamoto Takayuki
Published: April 2021

The present study proposes an efficient scheme to estimate elastic-plastic buckling load of a shallow grid dome stiffened by diagonal braces. The dome is circular in plan. It is assumed to be subject to a uniform vertical load and to be supported by a substructure composed of columns
and anti-earthquake braces. Based on FEM parametric studies considering various configurations and degrees of local imperfections, a set of formulations are presented to estimate the elastic-plastic buckling load. In the scheme, the linear buckling load, elastic buckling load, and imperfection
sensitivity are first presented in terms of related parameters, and the elasticplastic buckling load is then estimated by a semi-empirical formula in terms of generalized slenderness ratio using a corresponding plastic load. For the plastic load, the present scheme adopts a procedure that
it is calculated by a linear elastic FEM analysis, while an alternative formula for the plastic load is also proposed based on a shell membrane theory. The validity of the estimation scheme is finally confirmed through comparison with the results based on FEM nonlinear analysis. The formulations
are so efficient and simple that the estimation may be conducted for preliminary design purposes almost with a calculator. .
Calculation and Analysis of Hydraulic Automatic Climbing Formwork Equipment for Super-high Building Construction
Authors: Xia Ju-wei , Yao Yun-long , Wu Xiao-shun , Chen Yuan-hong
Published: April 2021

Hydraulic automatic climbing formwork equipment is widely used in super-high-rise building construction due to its advantages of simple operation, fast construction speed, low cost, and high automation. Quantitative calculation of the mechanical state of climbing formwork equipment
is an important technical means of ensuring safety during super-high building construction. This work thus introduces a hydraulic climbing formwork equipment structure and subsequently analyzes the construction process and the main working state of the hydraulic climbing formwork equipment.
Then, for the design of the outer climbing frame of the hydraulic climbing formwork, an approximate analytical method for solving the node reaction force is proposed. Finally, combined with the actual engineering, the calculation results of the approximate analytical method and the finite
element method are compared, and the calculation and analysis methods of the hydraulic climbing formwork equipment frame and key nodes are introduced. The calculation analysis process and related conclusions can be used as engineering reference for similar projects.
Development of Cognitive Strategies with Digital Games in Non-Formal Education
Authors: Pimentel Fernando Silvio Cavalcante , Silva Larissa Torres da , Alves Maria Dolores Fortes
Published: April 2021

This paper presents a case study analyzing which learning cognitive strategies are employed by students who play digital games in both in-school and out-of-school learning contexts. As a Case Study, it falls within the qualitative research category. The researcher integrated themselves to the subjects' learning facility for data-gathering, following all recommended ethical protocols for research involving underage subjects. The following data collection instruments were used: research diary, questionnaire, and interviews, conducted with teenagers who play digital games during formal learning activities. Analysis involved data-crossing and checking our data against existing studies and theories, as well as a cartographic production. Data indicates that digital games enhance student usage of cognitive strategies and favor competencies and abilities-based learning over formal learning contents.
The Combined Influences of Hot Streak and Swirl on the Cooling Performances of C3X Guide Vane with or without TBCs
Authors: Shi Li , Huang Hanze , Lu Yuanfeng , Xu Shunsheng , Ge Chen
Published: April 2021

This paper studied the combined influences of the hot streak and swirl on the cooling performances of the NASA C3X guide vane coated with or without TBCs. The results show that: (1) Even under uniform velocity inlet conditions, the hot streak core can be stretched as it impinges the leading edge which causes higher heat load on the suction side of the forward portion. (2) The swirl significantly affects circumferential and radial migration of the hot streak core in the NGV passage. On the passage inlet plane, positive swirl leads to a hotter tip region on the suction side. In comparison, negative swirl leads to a hotter hub region on the pressure side. (3) Under the influence of swirl, migration of coolant improve the coverage of film cooling close to the midspan, while in the regions close to the hub and tip end-wall, the overall cooling performance decrease simultaneously. (4) In the regions with enough internal cooling, the cooling effectiveness increment is always larger than that in other regions. Besides, the overall cooling effectiveness increment decreases on the region covered by film cooling for the coated vane, especially in the region with negative local heat flux.
Kentleşme İle İşsizliğin Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Türkiye’nin Düzey 2 Bölgeleri Ölçeğinde Analizi
Authors: SANCAR Canan , ATAY POLAT Melike
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’nin 26 adet düzey 2 bölgesinde kentleşme, işsizlik ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki nedensellik ilişkilerini 2007-2018 dönemi için araştırmaktır.
Tasarım/Yöntem: Türkiye’de bölgeler düzeyinde kentleşme, işsizlik ve enflasyonun ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisini analiz etmek amacıyla hazırlanın bu çalışmada kesit ve zaman boyutunu birlikte dikkate alan Panel veri ve Fisher Panel nedensellik testileri kullanılarak analizler yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmanın Fisher nedensellik testi bulguları, Erzurum, Van, Şanlıurfa, İstanbul, İzmir, Kayseri, Samsun ve Trabzon alt bölgelerinde ekonomik büyümeden işsizliğe doğru tek yönlü; Gaziantep ve Konya alt bölgelerinde işsizlikten ekonomik büyümeye doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkilerinin olduğunu göstermiştir. Mardin, Bursa ve Zonguldak alt bölgelerinde ekonomik büyümeden kentleşmeye doğru tek yönlü; İstanbul, Tekirdağ, Aydın, Kocaeli, Kırıkkale ve Kayseri alt bölgelerinde ise kentleşmeden ekonomik büyümeye doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkileri gözlemlenmiştir. İstanbul, Hatay, Kayseri ve Zonguldak alt bölgelerinde işsizlikten kentleşmeye doğru tek yönlü; Erzurum, Kocaeli, Kırıkkale ve Trabzon bölgelerinde ise kentleşmeden işsizliğe doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Balıkesir ve Manisa alt bölgelerinde işsizlik ve kentleşme arasında nedensellik ilişkisi çift yönlüdür. Türkiye’nin 26 Düzey 2 bölgesinin genelinde ise kentleşme ve ekonomik büyüme çift yönlü bir etkileşim halindedir.
Sınırlılıklar: Çalışmada alt bölge kapsamında farklı gelişmişlik düzeyine sahip illerin bulunması ve alt bölge düzeyinde sonuçların elde edilmesi araştırmanın sınırlılıklarını oluşturmaktadır.
Özgünlük/Değer: Literatürde kentleşme, işsizlik ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkiyi birlikte ele alan başka bir çalışma olmaması bu çalışmanın özgün değerini oluşturmaktadır.
An Integrated Methodology to Maximize Production Through a Holistic Structured Framework Construction for ESP Outages
Authors: Khalaf Ahmed , Alquwizani Saud , Flippin Cleavant , Almatrodi Abdulmalek
Published: April 2021

Many considerations are taken into account to ensure production targets are met for fields lifted by Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESP). ESP outages are indeed one of the major operational disturbances that significantly impact production strategies. Hence, a holistic structured framework for ESP outages has to be constructed to prevent or curtail ESP outages by capturing each of the planned and unplanned shutdowns effortlessly, comprehensively and effectively. It should, in fact, consider all parameters and relevant data that aid to better understand such outages; this would include root cause analysis, affected systems, and the production impact. It should also capture all required statistics while generating needed illustrative visuals for advanced analytics to identify the overall impact of ESP outages in a particular oil field. The outcome of the framework should be presented in the form of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to assess the ESP performance.

Using the ESP outages framework will ensure capturing all related data and result in fruitful output using advanced statistical tools. This will clearly highlight both deficiencies and improvements for each area related to the operator companies or the service providers. Then, efforts will be made to assign timely corrective actions for fields that lag in performance while exerting efforts to improve underperforming service providers.

This framework introduces a continuous tracking mechanism of ESP performance associated to outages through comprehensive KPIs. It has the ability to highlight the bad actors within the operator companies or the service providers and logical recommendations to address them. As a result, the number of outages (trips) and restoration time will be minimized which will lead to reducing the impact of revenue loss caused by the ESP production disruptions.

In this structure, novel KPIs specifically focusing on ESP outages will be described in detail. Also, an integrated prototype of the ESP outages framework will be presented to demonstarte its effectiveness without further complicating other related process workflows.
Magnetic COFs as Satisfied Support for Lipase Immobilization and Recovery to Effectively Achieve the Production of Biodiesel by Great Maintenance of Enzyme Activity
Authors: Zhou Zi-Wen , Cai Chun-Xian , Xing Xiu , Li Jun , Hu Zu-E , Xie Zong-Bo , Wang Na , Yu Xiao-Qi
Published: April 2021

Background: Production of biodiesel from renewable sources such as inedible vegetable oils by enzymatic catalysis has been a hotspot but remains a challenge on the efficient use of an enzyme. COFs (Covalent Organic Frameworks) with large surface area and porosity can be applied as ideal support to avoid aggregation of lipase and methanol. However, the naturally low density limits its application. In this work, we reported a facile synthesis of core-shell magnetic COF composite (Fe3O4@COF-OMe) to immobilize RML (Rhizomucor miehei lipase), to achieve its utilization in biodiesel production.Result: This strategy gives extrinsic magnetic property, and the magnetic COFs is much heavier and could disperse in water medium well, facilitating the attachment with the enzyme. The resultant biocomposite exhibited an excellent capacity of RML due to its high surface area and fast response to the external magnetic field, as well as good chemical stability. The core-shell magnetic COF-OMe structure not only achieved highly efficient immobilization and recovery processes but also maintained the activity of lipase to a great extent. RML@Fe3O4@COF-OMe performed well in practical applications, while free lipase did not. The biocomposite successfully achieved the production of biodiesel from Jatropha curcas Oil with a yield of about 70% in the optimized conditions. Conclusion: Magnetic COFs (Fe3O4@COF-OMe) for RML immobilization greatly improved catalytic performance in template reaction and biodiesel preparation. The magneticity makes it easily recovered and separated from the system. This first successful attempt of COFs-based immobilized enzyme broadened the prospect of biodiesel production by COFs with some inspiration.
Laterality of Blood Perfusion in the Lower Extremities after Drinking Saline at Different Temperatures
Authors: Jia Shuyong , Wang Qizhen , Li Hongyan , Song Xiaojing , Wang Shuyou , Zhang Weibo , Wang Guangjun
Published: April 2021

Background: Skin blood flux (SkBF) changes caused by drinking cold water are generally associated with vagal tone and osmotic factors in the digestive system. However, the distribution and regulation of bilateral blood flow are not symmetrical but exhibit a certain laterality. The aim of this study was to analyze the laterality of skin blood flux after drinking saline (0.9%) at different temperatures by monitoring blood flux in the bilateral lower extremities.Methods: A total of 60 subjects were recruited for this study, and all subjects completed all measurements. Subjects were randomly divided into a 4 °C group, 10 °C group and 30 °C group. For every subject, skin blood perfusion of bilateral Zusanli acupoints (ST 36) was recorded simultaneously before and after drinking 500 ml of 0.9% saline using a PeriFlux System 5000. The electrogastrogram (EGG) was also monitored, and the dominant frequency of the EGG and heart rate variability were analyzed.Results: The results indicated that after drinking saline at different temperatures, the laterality index of skin blood flux at the lower extremities was different. Drinking 30 °C saline can increase the laterality index of the lower extremities. The results of wavelet analysis showed that the laterality index changes of skin blood flux were mainly reflected in the frequency interval V (0.4-1.6 Hz). Stimulation at 4 °C and 10 °C resulted in a decrease in the dominant frequency (DF) of the electrogastrogram and an increased root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) of the RR interval. There was a weak negative correlation between the laterality index of frequency interval I or II and root mean square of successive differences.Conclusion: There was laterality of blood perfusion in the lower extremities after drinking saline at different temperatures.
Understanding Potential-dependent Competition Between Electrocatalytic Dinitrogen and Proton Reduction Reactions
Authors: Choi Changhyeok , Gu Geun Ho , Noh Juhwan , Park Hyun S. , Jung Yousung
Published: April 2021

One of the key challenges to practical electrochemical N2 reduction reaction (NRR) is to lower the overpotential and suppression of the side reaction known as the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) during the NRR. The experimental NRR activity has been consistently shown to reach a maximum at early stage before reaching the mass-transfer limit and decreases with large overpotentials for many heterogeneous catalysts. Though the volcano-type current-potential relationship shown for NRR is unusual with limited reaction rates at higher overpotentials, the mechanistic origin has not been clearly explained, making the design principles for practical NRR still lacking. Herein, we investigate the potential-dependent reaction activity of NRR and HER using the constant electrode potential method and microkinetic modeling. It manifests the dominating proton adsorption over dinitrogen at small overpotentials leading to the inadequate reaction selectivity towards NRR at many metal catalyst surfaces. A clear potential-dependent competition between the N2 adsorption and *H formation is characterized by the degree of charge transfer in the adsorption process. It is also demonstrated that the larger charge transfer in *H formation is a general phenomenon applied to all heterogeneous catalyst surfaces considered here, that poses a fundamental challenge to realize practical electrochemical NRR. We suggest several strategies to overcome the latter challenges based on the present understandings.
Surgical treatment of neovascular glaucoma with Ex-PRESS glaucoma shunt
Authors: Fikret Cenk Zeki , Ucgun Nil Irem
Published: April 2021

Purpose

To compare the efficacy and safety profile of deep sclerectomy combined with Ex-PRESS shunt versus Ex-PRESS shunt surgery in eyes with neovascular glaucoma.

Methods

Twenty eyes with neovascular glaucoma secondery to proliferative diabetic retinopathy were included in our study. Panretinal photocoagulation and intravitreal bevacizumab injection were applied to these eyes.

Despite full antiglaucomatous treatment and iris, angle neovascularization regression whose intraocular pressures were 21mm Hg and above were taken to surgery. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group A (10 patients) underwent deep sclerectomy combined with insertion of Ex-PRESS drainage device, group B (10 patients) underwent only Ex-PRESS glaucoma filtration surgery. Primary outcome measures were the intraocular pressure (IOP) and the number of antiglaucomatous medications at the first year follow-up visit.

Results

There was no difference in IOP between the groups at the first 2 month postoperatively (p>0.05). In the first 2 months, there was no need for antiglaucomatous medication in either group. In the third month, an antiglaucomatous drug was administered to 2 patients in group A and to 4 patients in group B. IOP values were lower in group A than group B at the third and sixth months (p<0.05). At the end of the first year, ≤18 mm Hg IOP rate was found 80% in group A and 60 in group B without medication.

Conclusion

Ex-PRESS shunt surgey demonstrated to be an effective treatment in eyes with neovascular glaucoma at the first year follow-up period. Ex-PRESS drainage device implantation with deep sclerectomy increased surgical success.
Steroid-mediated liver steatosis is CD1d-dependent while steroid-induced liver necrosis, inflammation, and metabolic changes are CD1d-independent: A dichotomy between steatosis and steatohepatitis
Authors: Adar Tomer , Ya'acov Ami Ben , Shabat Shabat , Mizrahi Meir , Zolotarov Lida , Lichtenstein Yoav , llan Yaron
Published: April 2021

Glucocorticoids have been implicated in the pathogenesis of all stages of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Natural killer T cells play a role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and in the response to steroids. The aim of the present study was to determine the role of CD1d in steroid-mediated metabolic derangement and the steroid-protective effect of glycosphingolipids. Methods: Ten groups of mice were studied. Steroids were orally administered to C57BL/6 mice to assess the therapeutic effect of β-glucsylceramide (GC) on the development of steroid-mediated liver damage and metabolic derangements. The role of CD1d in the pathogenesis of steroid-induced liver damage, and in mediating the hepatoprotective effect of GC were studied in CD1d−/− mice. Results: A model of oral administration of steroids was established, resulting in insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, liver steatosis, and hepatocellular injury. Steroid administration to CD1d−/− mice was associated with hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia. However, CD1d−/− mice were relatively resistant to steroid-induced steatosis. GC treatment alleviated steroid-associated metabolic derangements and liver injury independent of CD1d expression. Conclusion: A steroid-mediated model of NAFLD and metabolic derangements was established in which steroid-mediated steatosis was CD1d-dependent while steroid-induced liver necrosis, inflammation, and metabolic changes were CD1d-independent, further supporting a dichotomy between steatosis and steatohepatitis in NAFLD.
Long terms assessment of the meteorological indicators with COVID-19 pandemic of Bahrain for second wave measure
Authors: Qaid Adeb , BASHIR Muhammad Farhan , Ossen Dilshan Remaz , SHAHZAD KHURRAM
Published: April 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the global lifestyle, and the spreading of the virus is unprecedented. This study aims to assess the association between the meteorological indicators such as air temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), and wind speed (w/s) and solar radiation with the COVID-19 total confirmed and death cases in the hot, arid climate of Bahrain. We used the Spearman rank correlation coefficient, Kendall rank correlation coefficient measures, and the Wavelet Transform Coherence approach for econometric analysis. The dataset analysis from April 1, 2020, to January 10, 2021. The result shows that the air temperature and humidity, wind speed, PM2.5 indicators have a mild coherence and significant association with the COVID-19 total confirmed cases. In contrast, they have a significant positive association with the COVID-19 total cumulative death cases, especially during the summer period. A positive correlation was indicated between wind speed, PM2.5, and the COVID-19 outbreak. Although this region experienced a high solar radiation incident, the solar radiation has no association with the COVID-19 pandemic total confirmed or death cases. The study suggests that the association between humidity, wind speed, air quality needs to be further examined to spread the outbreak of infectious COVID-19 diseases. The finding of this long-term analysis will help this region's countries take a significant measure to control the second wave of the COVID-19 outbreak.