bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Studies of Physco-Chemical and Biological Parameter on Betwa River
Authors: Dixit Himanshu , Dixit Neha
Published: February 2023

Abstract: The historically famous Betwa River is the lifeline of the Ganj Basoda town, as most of the inhabitants of the town, particularly those living around the lake, depend on the river's water for their general use. At present, the lake water is full of odours and harmful suspended particles because most of the waste is being discharged directly into it, particularly from the population located on the periphery of the lake. Similarly, residents of the town's hillock areas are directly discharging waste into open drains. Sewage is 99 percent water and carries domestic wastes originating in the kitchen, bathing, laundry, urine, and night soil. A portion of the wastes go into solution, and the rest are partly in colloidal suspension or true suspension. Sewage is generated by residential, institutional, commercial, and industrial establishments. It includes household waste liquid from toilets, baths, showers, kitchens, sinks, and so forth that is disposed of via sewers. In many areas, sewage also includes liquid waste from industry and commerce. The goal of this study is to analyze the water quality of Betwa river at various points, identify wastewater sources that degrade the river water quality, and propose a sewage treatment plant for Basoda city .Here, samples from four drains and four samples of lake water have been collected, and tests have been conducted to determine various parameters including pH, color, temperature, COD, BOD, conductivity, sulfate, nitrite, suspended solids, total solids, and total coli form.
Object Detection Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning
Authors: Rahul  , Bansal Deepika
Published: February 2023

Abstract: An object detection system finds objects of the real-world present either in a digital image or an object detection system locates real-world items that are present in a digital image or a video. These objects can be any type of object, such as people, automobiles, or other objects. A model database, a feature detector, a hypothesis, and a hypothesis verifier are the four components that the system must have in order to successfully detect an item in an image or video. This paper provides an overview of the many methods for object detection, localization, classification, feature extraction, appearance information extraction, and many other tasks in photos and videos. The remarks are derived from the literature that has been analyzed, and important concerns are also noted
Indian Insurance Scenario vs Global Insurance
Authors: Rai Dr. Supriya
Published: February 2023

Abstract: India Insurance market stands at $131 Bn as of FY22. The Indian insurance industry grew at a CAGR of 17% over the last two decades and is expected to continue its commendable growth trajectory in the future years India is likely to become the sixth largest insurance market in the world over the next decade driven by regulatory push and rapid economic expansion. In its latest report, Swiss Re Institute expects the country's total insurance premiums to grow by an average of 14% n nominal local currency terms in the next 10 years. For the current year, Swiss Re expects India's life insurance industry to record a growth rate of 6.6% and a further rise to 7.1% in 2023.
A Comparative Study of Early Detection of Parkinsons Disease Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: K Nandhiniumesh
Published: February 2023

Abstract: For many years, Parkinson's disease (PD) has been viewed as a tragedy for humanity. A lot of research is being done on how to detect it using an automated method. This necessitates the use of a machine learning model for PD early diagnosis. Studying the currently employed computational intelligence strategies in the field of research used for PD detection is a crucial requirement for developing a full proof model. Numerous models now in use either concentrate on a single modality or only briefly consider several modalities. This prompted us to conduct a comparative literature review of four primary PD early detection techniques, specifically tremor at rest, bradykinesia, stiffness, and voice impairment. Modern Machine learning methods including K-nearest neighbours, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, and Logistic Regression (KNN), Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), and Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB) are applied in these modalities with the corresponding datasets. Additionally, ensemble methods like Hard Voting (HV), Adaptive Boosting (AB), and Random Forest Classifier (RF) are used.
Improving the creative thinking and collaborative skills of prospective biology teachers using the EMKONTAN learning model in environmental science courses
Authors: Nurwidodo N. , Ibrohim I. , Sueb S. , Abrori Fadhlan Muchlas , Darojat Tubagus Ahmad
Published: February 2023

The implementation of the Environmental Science learning process so far has shown a lack of encouragement to improve students' 4C skills. The EMKONTAN learning model is one of the models that is believed to improve students' creativity, collaboration skills, and environmental literacy. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the EMKONTAN learning model in improving critical thinking and collaborative skills for prospective biology teacher students. EMKONTAN is a student-centered learning model (students’ active learning), oriented to creative learning, problem-based learning, collaborative learning, and provides opportunities for students to improve environmental learning. This research was conducted in the event semester of the 2020/2021 academic year at IKIP Budi Utomo Malang and FTTE Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang-Indonesia, involving 150 second-semester students through total sampling. Data was obtained through observation, questionnaires, and tests. The research used a pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design. Data collection in this study was carried out using Google Forms, Google Classroom, Google Meet, and WhatsApp. Data analysis using statistical product and service solutions (SPSS) version 23 software. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) analysis results showed that EMKONTAN, PBL affected students' creativity and collaboration skills in biology teacher candidate students with a value of p<0.005. The least significant difference (LSD) result was significantly different in improving students' creativities thinking, and collaboration skills. The EMKONTAN class gained the highest post-test score. Therefore, EMKONTAN could be applicable to improve students' creative thinking and collaborative skills outcomes in environmental learning.
Developing e-laboratory instructions based on the unity of sciences paradigm in producing tempeh
Authors: Fadlilati Dian , Hidayat Saifullah , Akmalia Hafidha Asni
Published: February 2023

Hands-on activities experienced many obstacles during the Covid-19 pandemic. So, students' skills in the laboratory were also affected. In addition, the inculcation of Islamic values in learning needs more attention in religion-based schools. The study aimed to develop a design of e-laboratory instruction based on the unity of sciences paradigm on biotechnology material (producing tempeh) and prove its feasibility. This study uses the ADDIE model by Dick and Carey (1996). The data collection techniques are interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The subjects of this study were students of twelfth graders in science class in SMA Hasyim Asy'ari Pekalongan, Central Java. The validation results from material and media experts show that e-laboratory instruction is very eligible, 91.81% and 85.38%. While the integration expert validators state that design is very high (86.67%). The biology teacher's response reached 85.71% (very high). The result of the pilot test is 85.41%, categorized as very high. The e-laboratory instruction based on the unity of sciences paradigm in producing tempeh is suitable for learning.
Factores psicosociales de riesgo de la minería artesanal del ámbar de Simojovel, Chiapas
Authors: del Carpio Ovando Perla Shiomara
Published: February 2023

Este artículo tiene como objetivo identificar y analizar factores psicosociales de riesgo de la minería artesanal del ámbar que realiza la población tsotsil de Simojovel, Chiapas, México. Se acude al enfoque cualitativo con diseño etnográfico y de teoría fundamentada, teniendo como técnicas entrevista semiestructurada, diario de campo y observación participante. Participaron mineros, exmineros, artesanos, artesanas, consumidores y personal de instancias culturales. Los resultados indican que los factores psicosociales de riesgo de la minería artesanal están asociados a condiciones de trabajo, informalidad del trabajo, pluriactividad, origen étnico, género y grupo poblacional de quienes participan en el trabajo minero. Se concluye que es necesario generar alianzas estratégicas, acciones específicas y propuestas que aspiren a la construcción de una política pública que considere la formalización de la minería artesanal, acceso a tecnología, cuidado ambiental y mejora de condiciones de vida, de trabajo y de salud de la población dedicada a la minería.
Intoxicação com aditivos alimentares
Authors: Veras Felipe Eduardo Lages , Fé Fernanda de Sousa Moura , Nunes Isabel da Silva Gonçalves , Costa Isabela Martins , Moura Williany Carvalho , Marques Rosemarie Brandim
Published: February 2023

Aditivo alimentar constitui qualquer ingrediente adicionado aos alimentos de forma intencional, sem o objetivo de nutrir, apenas com o propósito de alterar as características físicas, químicas, biológicas ou sensoriais dos alimentos. É evidente a importância dos aditivos sob o ponto de vista tecnológico na produção de alimentos. No entanto, é necessário estudar os possíveis riscos toxicológicos que podem ser acarretados pela ingestão frequente dessas substâncias. Nesse sentido, este trabalho objetiva reunir informações sobre os aditivos e os riscos acarretados pelo seu consumo por meio de resgates na literatura em uma revisão sistemática. O estudo caracteriza-se como exploratório descritivo, no qual foram utilizadas como instrumentos de pesquisa as bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE e SciELO, a fim de reunir trabalhos científicos, publicados entre 2012 e 2016, que abordassem o tema exposto. Utilizaram-se os seguintes descritores: “aditivos alimentares”; “toxicologia dos alimentos” e “indústria alimentícia”. O consumo de alimentos de fácil acesso pela população é crescente em razão da praticidade e ao sabor agradável oferecido, porém o consumo destes produtos pode acarretar em problemas à saúde devido aos inúmeros aditivos químicos utilizados. No que diz respeito à toxicidade desses aditivos, segundo a ANVISA, aromatizantes sintéticos podem causar irritação gástrica; segundo OMS corantes são substancias possivelmente cancerígenas; já o realçador de alimentos em pessoas sensíveis pode causar cefaleia, náusea, fraqueza. Além disso, podem ocorrer alterações descontroladas ou excessivas no organismo do indivíduo, produzidas pelo sistema imunológico, causando uma reação de hipersensibilidade devido à presença de antígenos estranhos. Os principais aditivos relacionados com a hipersensibilidade são os corantes artificiais, utilizados como excipiente de alimentos, estando presentes em inúmeros produtos. Podem ser usados também na fabricação de remédios que podem induzir variados sintomas de hipersensibilidade, na pele, no sistema respiratório ou sintomas gerais. Nesse contexto, faz-se necessário o estudo mais aprofundado sobre os aditivos alimentares e as consequências toxicológicas que oferecem aos consumidores, bem como disponibilizar para a população essas informações no intuito de possibilitar uma mudança nos hábitos alimentares.
RISCOS OCUPACIONAIS DOS PROFISSIONAIS DE ENFERMAGEM EM PERÍODOS DE EPIDEMIAS INFECCIOSAS
Authors: AZEVEDO AMANDA PEREIRA DE , Silva da Costa Antonio Werbert
Published: February 2023

Os profissionais de enfermagem que atuam geralmente na linha de frente dos estabelecimentos de saúde estão diariamente expostos a diversos riscos ocupacionais, sejam eles relacionados à exposição dos agentes químicos e biológicos, riscos ergonômicos relacionados ao trabalho repetitivo, como também os riscos psicosociais, estes que estão diretamente relacionados à organização do trabalho, gestão, fatores estressores e demais fatores que podem interferir na saúde psicológica desses trabalhadores. Este trabalho tem como objetivo geral verificar quais os principais riscos ocupacionais enfrentados pelos profissionais de enfermagem em tempos de epidemias infecciosas. A pesquisa trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada através da busca nas bases de dados disponíveis na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Google Acadêmico utilizando os descritores: Enfermagem, Epidemia e Risco ocupacional. Percebeu-se que durante as crises epidêmicas infecciosas os profissionais de enfermagem estão expostos a vários riscos, sendo os principais o risco de contaminação biológica e o estresse ocupacional, pois em momentos de crises os trabalhadores tendem a ter um contato maior com o paciente, como também atuam com a constante presença de óbitos e adoecimentos, levando-os a desenvolver crises psicológicas relacionadas ao trabalho.
O USO DE CANNABIS MEDICINAL NO TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA: UMA NOVA TERAPÊUTICA VIÁVEL?
Authors: Sales Larissa Ciarlini Varandas , Cruz Guilherme Alvez Ferreira da , Bachur Tatiana Paschoalette Rodrigues
Published: February 2023

O transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) é uma condição neuropsiquiátrica heterogênea, cujos principais sintomas incluem déficits de comunicação e interação social, além de padrões comportamentais repetitivos, estereotipados e/ou restritos. Até o momento, não foram aprovados medicamentos para o tratamento dos principais sintomas do TEA e, devido a isso, opções alternativas como a Cannabis medicinal (CM) passaram a ser utilizadas. Neste contexto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi revisar a literatura científica a fim de elucidar os mecanismos neurobiológicos de atuação da CM e discutir sua possível utilização como terapêutica no TEA. Para tal, foi conduzida uma pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS, Web of Science, Science Direct e Embase. Após seleção dos estudos publicados entre 2018 e 2023, foram incluídos nove artigos na presente revisão. Os resultados dos trabalhos analisados indicam envolvimento dos sistemas excitatórios-inibitórios glutamatérgicos e GABAérgicos no TEA, sendo esses potenciais alvos terapêutico. Além disso, os estudos analisados que avaliaram a eficácia e segurança do uso de CM mostraram resultados promissores, com melhora da qualidade de vida e dos sintomas disruptivos, além de não terem sido observados eventos adversos graves. Entretanto, as amostras analisadas ainda são pequenas e, alguns aspectos, como dose a ser utilizada e tempo de tratamento, ainda não foram bem elucidados. Portanto, o uso da CM aponta como uma proposta terapêutica viável no TEA, porém precisa ser melhor investigada, com a análise de mais variáveis e com o aumento das amostras utilizadas.
SEGUIMENTO FARMACOTERAPÊUTICO DIRECIONADO AOS ANIMAIS DOMÉSTICOS
Authors: Juliana Weckx Peña Muñoz  , Luis Antônio Baffile Leoni  , Álex Martins Nasaré  , Vanessa Carmona Zonta dos Santos  , Bianca Franchesqueti Vivaldini  , Amanda da Costa Oliveira  , Thais Terto Ferreira  , Harrison Rodrigo Lima  , Ianca Longuini  , José Victor Nunes  , Tamiris Rodrigues  , Fukushima André Rinaldi
Published: February 2023

A atenção farmacêutica surgiu, nos Estados Unidos, com a expressão pharmaceutical care, em meados da década de 90 entendida como um modelo de prática profissional desenvolvida no contexto da assistência farmacêutica, de acordo com a proposta de Consenso Brasileiro de Atenção Farmacêutica (ANGONESI; SEVALHO, 2010), possui por finalidade aumentar a efetividade do tratamento medicamentoso, concomitante à detecção de problemas relacionados a medicamentos (PRMs). Ela consiste em um conjunto de práticas realizadas pelo farmacêutico, visando à orientação do paciente quanto ao uso correto de medicamentos. Sem ela, inclusive, o processo de cura ou manutenção da saúde pode ser comprometido, com o agravamento do quadro, gerando transtornos para o paciente, podendo levá-lo ao óbito. Muito embora atividades relacionadas à gestão e à clínica apresentem dimensões diferenciadas há necessidade de um foco comum que é alcançar o bem-estar do paciente e, assim, entende-se que o animal poderá ser, também, introduzido neste contexto. Devido a dificuldade de comunicação do com os seres humanos que ocorre principalmente por meio de sinais e comportamentos, que nem sempre são bem interpretados, incide em uma problemática em relação à aplicação, na íntegra, do protocolo da Gestão Clínica do Medicamento em humanos, adaptado para animais. Dessa forma, a prática de seguimento terapêutico em animais poderá ser uma ferramenta de valor para o acompanhamento daqueles que apresentam doenças crônicas ou de medicamentos veterinários inovadores considerando as possíveis interações indesejáveis e eventos adversos que poderão ocorrer, além da ineficácia terapêutica. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar que é possível o estabelecimento de analogia entre a prática humana com a prática veterinária, no que tange a aplicação de metodologia de atenção farmacêutica no seguimento médico veterinário. Certas morbidades necessitam de ajuste de dose além de esquemas posológicos bem específicos considerando o momento de saúde que o animal esteja vivendo, e o desfecho terapêutico esperado poderá ser comprometido se as inúmeras variáveis envolvidas no processo não forem adequadamente consideradas. Adiciona-se, também, o benefício de bancos de dados estruturados que poderão gerar algoritmos de condutas assegurando que informações de críticas laboratoriais estão disponíveis para aqueles que precisam delas e podem agir, assim, o processo de condução terapêutica no restabelecimento ou manutenção da qualidade de vida do animal.
Spokespersons for science: examining social media influencers' popularization of controversial technologies on YouTube
Authors: Looi Jiemin , Ho Shirley S.
Published: February 2023

An online experiment involving 251 Singaporeans assessed how social media influencers' (SMIs) prototypicality (i.e., embodiment of group attitudes) and social attraction affected their popularization of nuclear energy development. Participants exposed to a SMI with high prototypicality perceived the YouTube video more favorably, displayed greater intention to share the YouTube video, and possessed greater attitude intensity toward nuclear energy development. Participants displayed greater intention to share the YouTube video when the SMI had high social attraction and possessed moderate to high prototypicality. Conversely, participants displayed less intention to share the YouTube video when the SMI had low social attraction and prototypicality.
Os efeitos da pandemia de covid-19 sobre procedimentos cardiológicos ambulatoriais no Brasil: Covid-19 e procedimentos ambulatoriais no Brasil
Authors: Armelin Larissa Maria , Machado Carla Jorge , Milori Pedro Henrique
Published: February 2023

As doenças cardiovasculares foram a principal causa de morte no Brasil em 2019. Procedimentos cardíacos ambulatoriais são essenciais ao diagnóstico e acompanhamento das condições cardíacas. A pandemia de COVID-19 gerou atrasos e perdas de diagnósticos devido à menor procura por atendimento médico em diversos países. Isto relaciona-se ao aumento de morbimortalidade por doenças tratáveis e preveníveis. O objetivo do estudo é identificar se houve menor número de procedimentos cardiológicos ambulatoriais no Brasil durante os meses de 2020 e 2021 em comparação à média entre os meses dos cinco anos anteriores (2015 a 2019). A diminuição dos procedimentos indicaria causa possível ao aumento da morbimortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares no Brasil durante a pandemia. Foram utilizados dados disponibilizados pelo Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais (SIA/SUS). Os resultados revelaram queda de 20,94% em 2020 e 14,63% em 2021 no número de procedimentos realizados em comparação à média dos anos de 2015-2019. Ademais, observou-se correlação entre o número de procedimentos ambulatoriais realizados e o status da pandemia no Brasil, na medida em que os meses mais graves e mais rígidos ao isolamento coincidem com os momentos de maior redução nos procedimentos ambulatoriais cardiovasculares.
“Dia-d” de vacinação infantil como uma ação de extensão universitária: relato de experiência
Authors: Lopes Alves Lara Karoline , Amorim Almeida Amanda , Mendes Botelho Andria , Rodrigues Mesquita Gabriel , Jansen Cordeiro Giovanna , Oliveira Biscotto Douglas , Santos Brant Rocha Josiane , Prado Laughton Millo Marcela
Published: February 2023

As ações desenvolvidas fora da universidade são importantes para o estudante, uma vez que o integra à realidade social, econômica e cultural da comunidade em que está inserido, fazendo com que haja participação direta para, assim, transformar positivamente esses aspectos. Com isso, esse estudo pretende relatar a prática de uma extensão universitária desenvolvida por acadêmicos e professores do curso de Medicina de um Centro Universitário em Minas Gerais. Promoveu-se um Dia D de vacinação que visou estimular a imunização de crianças de 6 meses a menores de 5 anos por meio de atividades, brincadeiras, distribuição de lanches e entrega de fôlderes educativos para os pais e responsáveis. Em suma, observou-se que as crianças imunizadas associaram a vacina a algo positivo, pois lhes foi proporcionado um ambiente acolhedor. Ademais, presenciou-se a desinformação dos pais em relação aos possíveis efeitos colaterais da vacina e como ocorria o processo de proteção do imunizante ativo. Dessa forma, conclui-se que obtiveram-se resultados positivos, já que houve uma integração entre os acadêmicos, a equipe de saúde e a comunidade, alcançando a promoção de saúde e prevenção de doenças, de forma ativa, por meio da vacinação.
Uma análise sobre o conhecimento dos jovens sobre a prevenção de IST e promoção da saúde
Authors: Da Silva Matos Rabrine , De Jesus Gomes Flávia , Fernandes Neves Rodrigo , Lima Magalhães Denise , Araújo Lima Anne Layse , Josué de Oliveira Junior Edilson , Santos da Silva Elaine , Leal de Souza Cinoélia
Published: February 2023

O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar o conhecimento de jovens entre 18 e 29 anos sobre as medidas de prevenção das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e as ações de promoção à saúde. Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo-descritivo realizado com jovens universitários em uma cidade do interior da Bahia. Os resultados evidenciaram que a maioria dos jovens, mesmo conhecendo sobre as formas de transmissão dessas infecções, se submetem a comportamentos de risco, demonstrando ainda pouco conhecimento sobre os Centros de Testagens e Aconselhamento e baixa procura por testes rápidos. Deste modo, nota-se a necessidade de ampliar as políticas de saúde à comunidade acadêmica é um importante passo para a redução das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.
Perfil dos casos de sífilis congênita na baixada maranhense
Authors: Gatinho Cleice Ribeiro , Durans Keyla Cristina Nogueira , Junior Getulio Rosa dos Santos , De Castro Vitor Douglas Pereira , Pasklan Amanda Namíbia Pereira
Published: February 2023

Analisar o perfil das mulheres que tiveram filhos com Sífilis Congênita na Baixada Maranhense. Estudo retrospectivo, descritivo, quantitativo, que analisou os aspectos sociodemográficos e assistenciais relacionados às mulheres com filhos com Sífilis Congênita, mediante 48 fichas de notificação da Sífilis Congênita disponibilizadas pela Regional de Saúde e 72 casos notificados no Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação no período de 2010 a 2020. Para o georreferenciamento foi utilizado o software ArcGIS. 48% das mulheres estão na faixa etária adulto jovem (20 a 24 anos), 67% eram pardas, 33% tinham ensino fundamental incompleto e 40% eram agropecuaristas. 77% tiveram assistência pré-natal, no entanto, 38% receberam o diagnóstico da Sífilis somente no pós-parto. 52,08% dos parceiros não realizaram o tratamento. Há uma deficiência quanto à assistência pré-natal prestada às mulheres. É fundamental que haja o estabelecimento de estratégias que busquem a redução da incidência de casos de Sífilis Congênita.
FALTA DE ALIMENTAÇÃO E VÍNCULOS PRECÁRIOS EM SERVIÇOS DE SAÚDE MENTAL VOLTADOS PARA USUÁRIOS DE DROGAS: O CASO DO CAPS AD NO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Brandão Beatriz , Barroso Priscila Farfan
Published: February 2023

Este artigo analisa como a crise no abastecimento de alimentação, o corte de energia elétrica e de água, deu visibilidade ao desmonte do SUS, no que afeta os serviços de saúde mental do Rio de Janeiro. A partir de uma reflexão sobre a mudança das políticas de saúde mental aos usuários de drogas desde a década de 1990, apresentamos o estabelecimento da rede de tais serviços; a implementação das diretrizes da Reforma Psiquiátrica e o atual contexto do desmonte do SUS em serviços de saúde mental.  O objetivo do texto é refletir sobre os diferentes impactos sofridos pelas políticas de saúde frente a um cenário de reestruturação das Organizações Sociais (OS), o que acarretou em demissões e corte de trabalhadores.  A falta de abastecimento de alimentação e cortes de energia e água nos serviços de saúde mental demonstrou como o desmonte do SUS impacta diretamente no cotidiano dos serviços e na relação profissional x usuário no interior do CAPS AD, resultando em mais sobrecarga e adoecimento da equipe.
Investigation and verification of GAMAP6 as a robust biomarker for prognosis and tumor immunity in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Xiuqiong , Li Zhaona , Zhou Jing , Wei Qianhui , Chen kaidi , Wang Xinyue , jiang Richeng
Published: February 2023

Background and aim: It has been reported GIMAP6 was crucial for
autophagy. But it is unknown the role of GIMAP6 in occurrence and
tumor-immunity of lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: Comprehensive analyses
for datasets from TCGA and GTEx databases were conducted by R software.
Basic experiments including RT-qPCR, CCK-8 assays, colony formation
assay and transwell assays were applied to explore the role of GIMAP6 in
vivo and vitro. Prognostic features and GIMAP6 were applied to construct
nomogram. Potential mechanism of GIMAP6 in lung adenocarcinoma was
investigated by GO, KEGG and GESA. The correlation between GIMAP6 and
immune landscape has also been explored using scRNA sequencing datasets
from Timer 2.0 and TISCH. Results: The OS and DSS of lung adenocarcinoma
patients with high GIMAP6 expression was better than that with low
GIMAP6 expression. The nomogram based on T stage, N stage, and GIMAP6
had predictive significance for prognosis, which was identified by ROC
and calibration curve. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that
GIMAP6 was mainly involved in T-cell receptor signaling pathway,
chemokine signaling pathway, cytokine and cytokine receptor interaction.
Single cell sequencing and TIMER2.0 analysis illustrated that GIMAP6 was
positively correlated with the infiltration of immune cells and
immune-relate molecules including CTLA4, PD-L1, and TIGIT. Basic
experiments confirmed the role of GIMAP6 in the proliferation, invasion
and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells. Conclusion: We confirmed
that GIMAP6 was an effective prognostic molecule and involved in the
regulation of the immune microenvironment of lung adenocarcinoma, which
may become a predictor for the efficacy of immunotherapy.
A Practical Strategy for Exploring the Pharmacological Mechanism of Chrysophanol Against Obesity Asthma/Childhood Asthma Comorbidity
Authors: Liu Xiao , Bai Li , Li Liqing , Piao Xiang , Yu Jianer
Published: February 2023

Background and purpose Obesity may be more likely to lead to asthma,
that is, obesity asthma. Children are the age stage of high incidence of
asthma. Obesity asthma may be more refractory in children with asthma,
and is more likely to produce glucocorticoid resistance, which greatly
leads to the risk of severe disease in children with asthma. However,
approaches to combating Obesity Asthma/Childhood Asthma complications
are limited by conditions. Existing evidence shows that chrysophanol has
antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, fat reduction, anticough, promoting
gastrointestinal functional homeostasis and immune regulation.
Experimental methods Through systematic pharmacological and
bioinformatics analysis, we evaluated the physical and chemical
properties and biological activities of chrysophanol, and further
analyzed its binding activities, targets, biological functions and
mechanisms. Key results It was found that chrysophanol can play the
ideal physical and chemical properties and biological activities. The
PPI network screened 144 common targets of drugs and diseases, and 15
hub targets were obtained. Then, the top 10 hub targets were identified,
namely EGFR, HSP90AA1, ESR1, HIF1A, STAT3, SRC, PTGS2, MTOR, MMP9,
PIK3CA, and verified in the protein-ligand blind docking. Enrichment
analysis showed that chrysophanol may be involved in inflammation
regulation, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, HIF-1 signaling
pathway, Neutrophil extracellular trap formation，and so on. Conclusions
and implications Our fingdings indicate that chrysophanol can reduce
airway inflammation and remodeling through multi-pathway and
multi-target, and provide evidence for the application of chrysophanol
in Obesity Asthma/Childhood Asthma comorbidities. The predicted results
will be strictly verified by experiments.
Polyoxometalates-Modulated Hydrophilic-Hydrophobic Composite Interfacial Material for Efficient Solar Water Evaporation and Salt Harvesting in High Salinity Brine
Authors: Cheng Sihang , Liu Cuimei , Li Yingqi , Tan Huaqiao , Wang Yonghui , Li Yangguang
Published: February 2023

Solar vapour generation (SVG) represents a promising technique for
seawater desalination to alleviate the global water crisis and energy
shortage. One of its main bottleneck problems is that the evaporation
efficiency and stability are limited by salt crystallization under
high-salinity brines. Herein, we demonstrate that the 3D porous
melamine-foam (MF) wrapped by a type of self-assembling composite
materials based on reduced polyoxometalates (i.e. heteropoly blue, HPB),
oleic acid (OA) and polypyrrole (PPy) (labeled with MF@HPB-PPyn-OA) can
serve as efficient and stable SVG material at high-salinity. Structural
characterizations of MF@HPB-PPyn-OA indicate that both hydrophilic
region of HPBs and hydrophobic region of OA co-exist on the surface of
composite materials, optimizing the hydrophilic and hydrophobic
interfaces of the SVG materials, and fully exerting its functionality
for ultrahigh water-evaporation and anti-salt fouling. The optimal
MF@HPB-PPy10-OA operates continuously and stably for over 100 h in 10
wt% brine. Furthermore, MF@HPB-PPy10-OA accomplishes complete
salt-water separation of 10 wt% brine with 3.3 kg m-2 h-1 under 1-sun
irradiation, yielding salt harvesting efficiency of 96.5%, which
belongs to the record-high of high-salinity systems reported so far and
reaches zero liquid discharge. Moreover, the low-cost of MF@HPB-PPy10-OA
(2.56 $/m2) suggests its potential application in the practical SVG
technique.
Effects of heat waves on telomere dynamics and parental brooding effort in nestlings of the zebra finch (Taeniopygia castanotis)
Authors: Ton Riccardo , Boner Winnie , Raveh Shirley , Monaghan Pat , Griffith Simon
Published: February 2023

Heat waves are predicted to be detrimental for organismal physiology
with costs for survival that could be reflected in markers of biological
state such as telomeres. Changes in early life telomere dynamics driven
by thermal stress are of particular interest during the early post-natal
stages of altricial birds because nestlings quickly shift from being
ectothermic to poikilothermic to endothermic after hatching. Telomeres
of ectothermic and endothermic organisms respond differently to
environmental temperature, but investigations within species that
transition from ectothermy to endothermy are lacking. Also, ambient
temperature influences parental brooding behavior, which will alter the
temperature experienced by offspring and thereby, potentially, their
telomeres. We exposed zebra finch nestlings to experimental heat waves,
and compared their telomere dynamics to that of a control group at 5, 12
and 80 days of age that correspond to three different thermoregulatory
stages (ectothermic, poikilothermic and endothermic respectively); we
also recorded parental brooding, offspring sex, mass, growth rates,
brood size and hatch order. Nestling mass showed an inverse relationship
with telomere length, and nestlings exposed to heat waves showed lower
telomere attrition during their first 12 days of life (poikilothermic
stage) compared to controls. Additionally, parents of heated broods
reduced the time they spent brooding offspring (at five days old)
compared to controls. Lower brooding effort was associated with shorter
telomeres in 12 day old nestlings. Our results indicate that the effect
of heat waves on telomere dynamics likely varies depending on age and
thermoregulatory stage of the offspring in combination with parental
brooding behavior during growth.
Antihistamines for cancer treatment: More than just allergy relief
Authors: Mitra Baidehi , Patel Snehal
Published: February 2023

Cancer is the primary cause of death worldwide, accounting for almost 10
million deaths. The most prevalent are lung, breast, colorectal, and
skin cancer. Cancer does not obey the cell cycle which can lead to the
formation of tumors. The biogenic amine histamine is synthesized by
histidine. Increased amounts of histamine have been linked to the
regulation of several tumors. The histamine receptors (H1, H2, H3, and
H4) are distributed throughout the skin, where H1 and H2 are the primary
targets for drug therapy. Repurposing of the current antihistamine drugs
can be cost-effective, safe medications and allied with lesser adverse
effects. Researchers examined Six H1-antihistamines (Cetirizine,
clemastine, desloratadine, loratadine, ebastine, and fexofenadine) in a
nationwide wide cohort study of all Swedish patients with ten types of
immunogenic (melanoma, bladder cancer, kidney, prostate, lung,
pancreatic, colorectal, breast cancer, and Hodgkin lymphoma) and six
non-immunogenic (thyroid cancer, liver, ovarian, brain cancer and
lymphoma) tumors. The study shows that Desloratadine and loratadine
upsurge the survival rate for many tumors by inhibiting the growth of
tumors and promoting apoptotic cell death. The other H1 receptor
antagonist Cloperastine knockdown FGF13 expression which is responsible
for anticancer agent cisplatin-resistance and selectively kills HeLa
cisR cells. Some findings believe H1 receptor antagonists should be
investigated in randomized clinical trials for immunogenic tumors. These
drugs can be a curative therapy for several tumors including that
prognosis with limited treatment options.
Methodology for fast development of digital solutions in integrated continuous downstream processing
Authors: Nilsson Bernt , Andersson Niklas , Fons Joaquín Gomis , Isaksson Madelene , Tallvod Simon , Espinoza Daniel , Sjökvist Linnea , Andersson Gusten Zandler
Published: February 2023

The methodology for production of biologics is going through a paradigm
shift from batch-wise operation to continuous production. Lot of efforts
are focused on integration, intensification and continuous operation for
decreased foot-print, material, equipment and increased productivity and
product quality. These integrated continuous processes with on-line
analytics becomes complex processes, which requires automation,
monitoring and control of the operation, even unmanned or remote, which
means bioprocesses with high level of automation or even autonomous
capabilities. The development of these digital solutions becomes an
important part of the process development and needs to be assessed early
in the development chain. This work discusses a platform that allow fast
development, advanced studies and validation of digital solutions for
integrated continuous downstream processes. It uses an open, flexible
and extendable real-time supervisory controller, called Orbit, developed
in Python. Orbit makes it possible to communicate with a set of
different physical setups and on the same time perform real-time
execution. Integrated continuous processing often imply parallel
operation of several setups and network of Orbit controllers makes it
possible to synchronize complex process system. Data handling, storage
and analysis are important properties for handling heterogeneous and
asynchronous data generated in complex downstream systems. Digital twin
applications, such as advanced model-based and plant-wide monitoring and
control, are exemplified using computational extensions in Orbit,
exploiting data and models. Examples of novel digital solutions in
integrated downstream processes are automatic operation parameter
optimization, Kalman filter monitoring and model-based batch-to-batch
control.
Phytochemical Screening by FTIR Spectroscopic Analysis in the Methanolic Extracts Coffee (C. Arabica. L) to Seeds and Peels (Unroasted and Roasted) Cultivars Grown in Yemen
Authors: SA Ali Alhaidrai
Published: February 2023

In this study methanolic extract of one plant namely Arabic coffee, were screened for the presence of analysis Constituents and tested for their of Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. Infrared measurement techniques of methanolic extracts of Coffee (C. arabica. L) Seeds and peels (unroasted and roasted) include the following functional groups: Phenolic (O-H), Aliphatic- (CH), nitro compounds (CN), Aromatics (C = C) and Aliphatic (C-O). The FTIR method was performed on a spectrophotometer system, which was used to detect the characteristic peak values and their functional groups. The results of the present study generated the FTIR spectrum profile for the medicinally important plants of Arabic coffee can be used in the industry
Current and Future Challenges for Vaccine Development Especially COVID-19
Authors: Yousaf Khan
Published: February 2023

Global health has been greatly impacted by vaccines. Smallpox, rinderpest, and several other major infections have been eradicated. A variety of infectious diseases of childhood have been significantly improved by whom in the past decade. As polio has been virtually eradicated, and measles has been controlled successfully, it may also be eradicated soon. Vaccines can prevent infections such as pneumonia and diarrhoea which cause 6.6 million deaths each year. Due to new pneumococcal conjugate vaccines and rotavirus vaccines, childhood mortality is expected to decline further. As of now, malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV vaccines have had modest success. Vaccinations that stimulate different immune systems and it may be the most effective way to prevent these infections. On a long-term basis, vaccines may prevent or modulate diseases other than infectious diseases. It is already possible to develop cancer vaccines, and in the future it will be possible to develop vaccines for addictions, diabetes, hypertension, and Alzheimer's disease as well.
Level of Awareness & Attentiveness Associated to Novel Corona Virus (Covid-19) among People of Pakistan
Authors: Alam Samina
Published: February 2023

Background: Corona viruses are huge family of viruses named for the crown-like spikes on their surface. There are seven CoV viruses which will infect humans, including the “2019 Novel Corona virus” (the infection right now making features), SARS and MERS.. Symptoms include fever, breathlessness, and coughing. The illness spreads through animals and shut contact with people that have already been infected currently the virus is spreading from person to person in China as many recent cases don't seem to be related to animal markets. Method: A cross sectional investigation about the attention of corona virus (CoV), its symptoms, diagnosis and treatment was directed in several groups of individuals i.e, literate and illiterate people of Pakistan. Data was collected by means of survey based questionnaire which was prepared by the pharmacy students of Jinnah University for Women. Result: According to demographic data obtained by the cross sectional investigation about the attention of corona virus in Pakistan which was conducted among literate and illiterate people (18-25 of age).Out of which 47.9% were medical students, among these people 92.6% knew about corona virus and 97.5% people knew about its person to person transmission, and 58.8% understand its symptoms in keeping with this survey only 23.5% people knew the treatment, 76.5% people didn’t even understand the diagnosis of corona virus. Conclusion: The motivation behind this study was to assemble the information about the extent of control of corona virus with improving knowledge awareness of CoV (COVID-19) to raised inform patients about this life threatening disease in health care systems.
Effect of Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass) on the Expression of Insulin sensitive and Proinflammatory Genes in the Pancreas of Diabetic Rats
Authors: Akinjiyan Moses Orimoloye
Published: February 2023

Inflammation may result from chronic hyperglycemia, a disease of macromolecule metabolism disorder caused by diabetes mellitus due to insulin malfunction. Although Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass) has long been used as an anti-diabetic, not much is known about the mechanisms involved. The goal of this study was to see how C. citratus leaf extract modulates genes related to insulin sensitivity and inflammation in alloxan-induced diabetic rats' pancreas. Control, diabetic control, metformin (100 mg/kg), and C. citratus (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) were the six groups of experimental rats. Alloxan (150 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to five groups. ACCU-CHEK glucometer and glucose test strips were used to measure fasting blood glucose at three-day intervals. Treatments were given for fourteen (14) days after which the animals were sacrificed and the pancreas removed for RT-PCR analysis. Image J software and graph pad prism software were respectively used to quantify and present the results. Diabetes induction by alloxan significantly (p>0.05) increased fasting blood glucose level compared to non-induced control after 3 days. Administration of C. citratus aqueous extract (14 days) reduced the blood glucose of diabetic rats significantly (p<0.05). C. citratus up-regulated the expression of TGR5, PPAR-γ, GLUT2, and Glucokinase genes relative to diabetic control respectively. It also down-regulated IL-6 and TNF-α genes expression relative to diabetic control rats. The antidiabetic effect of C. citratus could be via its ability to up-regulate the expression of genes associated with insulin sensitivity and down-regulate the expression of pro-inflammatory genes.
Modifications in Body Composition of Overweight or Obese Type 1 Diabetics after the Intervention of a Program Bringing Changes in Their Lifestyle
Authors: Asús Nazarena
Published: February 2023

Measurements such as weight and body mass index (BMI) have been considered practical and sensitive for predicting risks and health outcomes, however, they are not related to muscle mass. Therapeutic weight loss inevitably leads to the loss of variable amounts of skeletal muscle mass. We evaluated changes in body composition and estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) after 48 weeks of a program of lifestyle changes in overweight/obese patients with type 1 diabetes. The patients were invited to participate in a lifestyle change program (diet, daily steps, and resistance exercises without supervision at home). Body composition was evaluated by DXA, body weight, BMI, waist circumference (WC), and insulin sensitivity measured by eGDR at the beginning and at the end of the intervention. Continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. For comparisons, Student's t-test was used. To determine correlations, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used. P<0.05 were considered significant. We included 13 T1D patients, aged 43.6 ±13.7 years, with a disease duration of 21.7 ± 11.6 years. The lifestyle intervention significantly reduced body weight 86.6±10.9 kg vs. 81.9±11.2 kg (p=0.018), BMI 29.2±3.04 kg/m2 vs. 27.5±2.36 kg/m2 (p=0.017), CC 95.4±8.8 cm vs. 88.8±8.4 cm (p=0.0001), fat mass index 10.1±2.85 kg/m2 vs. 8.9±2.24 kg/m2 (p=0.031), with increased the eGDR 7.61±1.5 mg/kg/min vs. 8.20±1.6mg/kg/min (p=0.026). But also, there was a reduction in the appendicular musculoskeletal index 8.3±0.8 kg/m2 vs. 8.06±0.8 kg/m2 (p=0.016). In conclusion, our lifestyle change program for people with T1D and overweight/obesity achieved a positive impact on body weight, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, and eGDR, but not a positive impact on skeletal muscle, maybe for low adherence to resistance exercise. The knowledge of body composition is necessary to plan personalized nutritional and physical exercise interventions for the preservation of muscle tissue and avoid sarcopenia in this population.
Short-Term Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Devices in the Multidisciplinary Active Diabetes Clinic
Authors: Gill Gagandeep
Published: February 2023

The MemorialCare Medical Foundation ACTIVE Diabetes program aims to engage poorly controlled diabetic patients in the management of their chronic disease in order to reduce their risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications. This is done through a combination of medication management and lifestyle coaching. Newer technologies such as continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices have become commonly used in order to support patient engagement in diabetes management. In our practice, short term use of CGM devices have been shown to increase patients’ awareness of blood sugar trends which leads to improvements in lifestyle changes and medication adherence. Our team first observed this benefit in a case study where significant lifestyle changes were made while a patient was on a CGM for a short period of time. Short term use of CGM devices, if used appropriately, can lead to an improvement in A1C without an increase in medications.
Covid 19 and Pregnancy: Aspects Related to the Nutritional Level in Pregnant Women
Authors: Caridad I Capó Alonso María
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Malnutrition is a health problem worldwide. The implications of this situation on maternal and child health are very serious because insufficient weight gain during pregnancy and anemia bring about Low Birth Weight, and it means an increase of morbimortality in the first year of life. Objective: To reflect basic aspects of nutrition and pregnancy for their correct handling in the health primary care. Material and Methods: A bibliographical revision was carried out by means of the consultation of databases, as MEDLINE, IBECS, Scielo, Who with the use of describers like nutrition, maternal-infantile health, anemia, under weight. Conclusion: Concrete data of great importance on the nutrition of the pregnant and their influence in the health of the same ones and the product of the gestation were given.