bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Forgotten Body: Subjective Experiences in Early Life
Authors: Ciaunica Anna
Published: February 2024

Bayne’s and colleagues’ review overlooks a significant body of previous work already calling for endorsing a developmental perspective in understanding conscious experiences (Delafield-Butt & Gangopadhyay 2013; Atzil et al. 2018; Quintero & De Jaegher 2020; Ciaunica et al. 2021a).Looking back at the emergence of consciousness in early life, one may distinguish between the ‘easy’ and the ‘hard problem’, to paraphrase Chalmers (1996). The easy problem is when consciousness sets on in early development. By contrast, the hard problem is how conscious experiences get off the ground. Bayne et al. addresses the easy problem while tacitly endorsing the traditional neuro-centric perspective stipulating that neural activity in the human cortex is the necessary and sufficient condition for consciousness (Seth & Bayne 2022). Perhaps paradoxically, in order to solve the easy problem of developmental consciousness, one must start with the hard problem, namely how consciousness emerges? Here I propose that one overlooked, yet promising approach to this hard problem is to look at the relationship between the emerging human being with another human being, i.e. the pregnant person. The key idea is that human conscious experiences are primarily and fundamentally co-embodied and social across the lifespan (Atzil et al. 2018; Ciaunica et al. 2023). Importantly, the pregnant person body is not an ‘external environment’ within which the foetus is solitary and ‘confined’, waiting for the ‘lightbulb’ of consciousness to be switched on at a given timepoint when the neurogenesis is completed. Here I propose that both the easy and hard problem of developmental consciousness cannot be addressed without putting the forgotten body back into the picture. This includes importantly the necessary presence of the other body (i.e. the pregnant person) too, without which the fascinating journey of conscious life wouldn’t be possible tout court.
Éco-Anxiété: Construction d’une représentation sociale et différences intergénérationnelles.
Authors: Gilbert Michaël , francois Melou , Romain Gilbert
Published: March 2024

Introduction : Eco-anxiety is a rising concern among the population due to the impacts of climate change on our environment. This anxiety can lead to mental and emotional stress, potentially affecting individuals' mental health. Objectives : To investigate the social representation of this societal phenomenon and its intergenerational differences. Methods : The structuring of the social representation was conducted using the hierarchical verbal association method, a prototypical analysis, and a similarity analysis. Results : The findings suggest that, on one hand, eco-anxiety is subject to a structured social representation and, on the other hand, there is variability in this representation based on the generation to which one belongs at the time of the study. Conclusion : The representation of eco-anxiety is structurally different across generations, highlighting a greater significance of this phenomenon for the younger cohorts. Communication strategies and awareness campaigns about the impacts of climate change on our societies can benefit from considering these differences.
From Silicon to Solutions: AI's Impending Impact on Research and Discovery
Authors: Markowitz David Matthew , Boyd Ryan L. , Blackburn Kate
Published: February 2024

The social sciences have long relied on comparative work as the foundation upon which we understand the complexities of human behavior and society. However, as we delve deeper into the era of artificial intelligence (AI), it becomes imperative to move beyond mere comparison (e.g., how AI compares to humans across a range of tasks) to establish a visionary agenda for AI as collaborative partners in the pursuit of knowledge and scientific inquiry. This paper articulates an agenda that envisions AI models as the preeminent scientific collaborators. We advocate for the profound notion that our thinking should evolve to anticipate, and include, AI models as one of the most impactful tools in the social scientist's toolbox, offering assistance and collaboration with low-level tasks (e.g., analysis and interpretation of research findings) and high-level tasks (e.g., the discovery of new academic frontiers) alike. This transformation requires us to imagine AI's possible/probable roles in the research process. We discuss the prospect of AI as active knowledge generators within the scientific community — agents who participate in the scientific journey, aiming to make complex human issues more tractable and comprehensible. We foresee AI tools acting as co-researchers, contributing to research proposals and driving breakthrough discoveries. Ethical considerations are paramount, encompassing democratizing access to AI tools, fostering interdisciplinary collaborations, ensuring transparency, fairness, and privacy in AI-driven research, and addressing limitations and biases in large language models. Embracing AI as collaborative partners will revolutionize the landscape of social sciences, enabling innovative, inclusive, and ethically sound research practices.
Perceived Stereo Depth reflects Retinal Disparities, not 3D Geometry
Authors: Linton Paul , Kriegeskorte Nikolaus
Published: March 2024

We present a new illusion that challenges our traditional understanding of stereo vision. Traditional ‘Triangulation’ accounts of stereo vision back-project from points on the retina to points in the world. This requires that stereo vision incorporates how binocular disparities fall off with the viewing distance squared. By contrast, Linton 2023 Phil Trans R Soc B 378: 20210455 proposes a ‘Minimal Model’ of stereo vision where perceived stereo depth is simply a function (most likely a linear function) of the amount of disparity on the retina. We present a new illusion (the ‘Linton Stereo Illusion’) to adjudicate between these two approaches. The illusion consists of a smaller circle (at 40cm) in front of a larger circle (at 50cm), with constant angular sizes throughout. We move the larger circle forward by 10cm (to 40cm) and then back again (to 50cm). The question is, what distance should we move the smaller circle forward and back to maintain a constant perceived separation between the circles? Constant physical distance (10cm) (‘Triangulation’) or constant disparity (6.7cm) (‘Minimal Model’)? Observers choose constant disparity. This leads us to four conclusions: First, perceived stereo depth appears to be best captured by the ‘Minimal Model’. Second, doubling disparity appears to double perceived depth, suggesting that perceived stereo depth is proportional to disparity. Third, changes in vergence appear to have no effect on perceived depth. Fourth, stereo ‘depth constancy’ appears to be a cognitive (not perceptual) phenomenon, reflecting our experience of a world distorted in perceived stereo depth.
Unraveling the Morphological Brain Architecture of Human Aggression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Structural Neuroimaging Studies
Authors: Dugré Jules R , De Brito Stephane A.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Aggression is an umbrella term referring to behaviors intended to harm others. However, aggressive behaviors vary in terms of forms (i.e., physical, verbal) and functions (i.e., proactive, reactive). Recent findings suggest that both motives and forms may be associated with distinct brain structures. However, no studies have meta-analytically summarized their commonalities and differences. Method. A systematic search strategy was conducted up to May 1st 2023 using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Seed-based d Mapping with Permutation of Subject Image was used to meta-analyze voxel-based morphometry studies. Exploratory analyses on meta-analytic findings were conducted to identify their associated mental functions and examine their degree of overlap with brain lesion associated with aggression. Results. A total of 92 experiments were included in the meta-analysis (N=2593, mean age=26.2, 68.5% males). General aggression was characterized by reduced grey matter volume (GMV) in the medial prefrontal cortex. Reactive aggression was associated with reduced GMV in the frontal pole, and bilateral superior temporal gyrus, and proactive aggression with greater GMV in the ventral caudate. Co-activation brain networks of these morphological correlates further distinguished reactive and proactive into socio-affective/somatosensory and motivational processes, respectively. We also found that the medial prefrontal cortex cluster of general aggression was a primary site in which focal brain lesion may increase the risk for aggression.Conclusion. The current study highlight that functions of aggression are associated with distinct abnormalities in grey matter volume. These findings add to the growing body of literature suggesting potentially distinct aetiologies between aggression motives.
The effectiveness of meditation in preventing burnout in high-risk occupations: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Chu Peter , Semmler Carolyn , Kerr Fiona
Published: February 2024

This is a protocol outlining a review with the aim to evaluate the effectiveness of meditation in preventing burnout in emergency services workers, military personnel, corporate executives, and healthcare workers. A meta-analysis will be conducted using psychological and physiological measures of stress and burnout. Burnout is framed as a state of physical and mental exhaustion encoded in a diagnosis by Z73.0 in the ICD-10-CM and negatively affects an individual’s psychological and physical health. It also decreases work performance and affects employers through increased absenteeism and employee turnover. Mindfulness intervention is the most reported intervention for burnout and has been found to offer statistically significant effects in improving stress levels and reducing burnout. Recent research has examined focused meditation, a particular type of mindfulness training, and the role of its effects of attentional regulation and emotion regulation in reducing stress and burnout. Studies will be included which have participants working in high-risk areas including emergency services, the military, corporate executive management or healthcare workers who participated in a meditation intervention prior to the onset of burnout. Psychological outcomes, including Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure (SMBM), Health and Safety Executive (HSE), Bergen Burnout Inventory (BBI) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and physiological outcomes including cortisol levels, heart rate variability, blood pressure, stress reactivity, hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis (HPA) and levels of neurotransmitters (dopamine, serotonin, oxytocin and vasopressin) will be used to assess the effectiveness of the meditation intervention. The PsycINFO, PubMed and CINAHL database search and a meta-analysis will be conducted comparing data extracted from standard burnout measures and inventories and physiological measures.
VERA fair-bessern: Ein Vergleich von Strategien zur Berücksichtigung von Kontextbedingungen bei schulischen Vergleichsarbeiten
Authors: Schult Johannes
Published: February 2024

Um spezifische Schul- und Unterrichtseffekte abzuschätzen, werden in Lernstandserhebungen wie VERA (VERgleichsArbeiten) neben dem Landesmittelwert häufig adjustierte Schulwerte für einen fairen Vergleich rückgemeldet. Dabei wird als Vergleichswert die Leistung ähnlicher Schulen berechnet, um Einflüsse zu berücksichtigen, die jenseits des Handlungsspielraums der Lehrkräfte und Schulleitungen liegen. Zu den Adjustierungsstrategien gehören die Vergleiche mit Subgruppenmittelwerten, mit ähnlichen existierenden Schulen und mit modellbasierten Erwartungswerten. Anhand zweier Vollerhebungen von VERA 3 (je über 2300 Schulen) und VERA 8 (je über 1200 Schulen) in Baden-Württemberg aus den Jahren 2019 und 2021 wurden die Adjustierungsstrategien hinsichtlich ihrer Fairness (Determinationskoeffizient R²) und Standardfehler miteinander verglichen. Kontextvariablen waren dabei Geschlecht, Alltagssprache, Migrationshintergrund, soziokulturelles Kapital sowie zusätzlich bei VERA 8 Schulart und Vorwissen. Die modellbasierten Erwartungswerte zeigten fächerübergreifend die größten R²-Werte und die kleinsten Standardfehler. Dieser Fairness-Vorsprung geht dabei nicht zulasten der Testökonomie, denn die verwendeten Kontextvariablen werden für jede Adjustierungsstrategie benötigt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen zudem, dass die Heterogenität der Testleistungen stark vom sozialen Kontext abhängt. Vor diesem Hintergrund kann VERA mit der Rückmeldung des fairen Vergleichs ein hilfreicher Baustein für die datenbasierte Unterrichts- und Schulentwicklung sein.
Die Elternrolle im Distanzunterricht. Zur Bedeutung der Kommunikation mit den Lehrkräften im Kontext elterlicher Selbsteinschätzungen
Authors: Ulrich Manuela , Hachfeld Axinja
Published: February 2024

Der Einfluss der Eltern auf die kindliche Schulleistung und auf die Lernmotivation gilt als unumstritten. Neben Strukturmerkmalen stehen Formen schulischer und häuslicher Elternbeteiligung im Mittelpunkt internationaler Studien. Die Perspektive der Eltern auf ihre Kommunikation mit den Lehrkräften und auf ihre eigene Rolle als Lernunterstützende ist bislang wenig erforscht. Durch die COVID-19-bedingten Schulschließungen ist die Relevanz dieser Aspekte zur Förderung kindlicher Lernprozesse aber besonders deutlich geworden. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht mithilfe eines Online-Surveys die Perspektive von Eltern in Baden-Württemberg (N = 1006). Im Fokus standen ihr Kommunikationsempfinden im Austausch mit den Lehrkräften, ihr Selbstkonzept als Lernunterstützende, ihre Rollenbelastung sowie ihre Unterstützung ihres Kindes bei Schulaufgaben. Eine latente Strukturgleichungsanalyse zeigte signifikante mittelstarke Zusammenhänge zwischen dem elterlichen Kommunikationsempfinden und ihrem Selbstkonzept als Lernunterstützende sowie ihrer Rollenbelastung. Ein kleiner Zusammenhang fand sich mit ihrer Unterstützung bei Schulaufgaben. Der elterliche Bildungsabschluss erwies sich hinsichtlich des Selbstkonzepts als relevant, die Klassenstufe und Noten des Kindes hinsichtlich der elterlichen Unterstützung. Die Notwendigkeit gelingender Kommunikationsprozesse mit Lehrkräften für die Unterstützung der Eltern wird diskutiert.
Effect of Tax Revenue and Foreign Grants on Government Activities: A Study in Nepalese Perspective
Authors: Dahal Arjun Kumar , Bhattarai Ganesh , Budhathoki Prem Bahadur
Published: March 2024

This study aims to examine the impact of previous years’ government expenditure, tax revenue, and foreign grants on determining Nepal's government activities or expenditures. The secondary data from used in the analysis. It includes 48 data points from 1974/75 to 2021/22, collected from the publication of Nepal Rastra Bank and economic surveys of Nepal. The descriptive and exploratory research designs are used in this study. Some statistical and econometric tools like descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, multiple regression analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and residual analysis are used in this study. The previous expenditure determines the present government activities. Tax revenue, foreign grants, and previous years’ government expenditures are individually and jointly significant in determining the government expenditure. One unit increase in tax revenue and foreign grants resulted in a 0.177 and 0.046 unit increase in government expenditure in Nepal, respectively. 86.5 percent variation in government activities is determined by the previous year's government expenditure, tax revenue, and foreign grants. The positive impact of tax revenue is more than foreign grants on spending government activities. So, the policymakers must prioritize measures that increase domestic tax revenue.
Scrutinizing the Impact of Family Economic Status on Students' Academic Achievement
Authors: Bhandari Ram Bahadur , Timsina Tatwa Prasad
Published: March 2024

A chief objective of this article is to scrutinize the impact of family economic status on the students' academic achievement. Children’s academic success is a multifaceted outcome influenced by various factors, and family economic status is one of the significant determinants. The study synthesizes existing literature to provide a comprehensive understanding of how socioeconomic factors shape students' educational courses. This article has been based on the cross-sectional survey design which employed the socio-economic status as an independent variable the students’ academic achievement as a dependent variable. Data were collected through the survey questionnaire from 386 students who were studying at 14 high schools situated in Makawanpur district, Nepal. Linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the impact of family economic status on the students' academic achievement. The regression analysis (R-Square: .647) which is known as a predictive analysis depicted that 64.7% change in the students’ academic achievement was due to the family economic status, and remaining 35.3% change was due to others factors. Studying the impact of family economic status on students' academic achievement is crucial for understanding and addressing the potential inequalities and challenges that may arise in educational outcomes. Such a study allows for targeted interventions and support to improve overall educational equity. The impact of family economic status on students' academic achievement is multifaceted. It encompasses resource access, school quality, socioemotional well-being, and parental involvement. Acknowledging these dynamics is crucial for educators, policymakers, and researchers in developing interventions to bridge achievement gaps and promote equal opportunities for all students, irrespective of their family's economic background.
Factors Associated with Timely Initiation of Breast Feeding among Mothers Attending Maternal and Child Health Clinic at Government Institutions of Biratnagar
Authors: Neupane Saraswati , Dahal Tulasha , Khadgi Karishma
Published: February 2024

Background: Timely initiation of breastfeeding (TIBF) means giving breast milk to newborn within the first hour after birth, as recommended by WHO. This is an important part of good breast feeding practices that helps to reduce infant illness and death. So, this study is conducted to identify the factors associated with TIBF among mothers having child of 9-15 months attending at government health institutions.

Methods: A cross-sectional research design was used among purposively selected 206 mothers having children 9-15 months who were attending the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) clinics at Koshi Hospital and Family Planning Association of Nepal in Morang district. Data was collected through interview using a self-developed structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, additionally factors affecting TIBF were analyzed by bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Findings: The findings reveal that among 206 mothers, less than half (49%) had initiated breast feeding within one hour of birth and more than half (56.8%) had done exclusive breastfeeding to their baby till 6 months. Mothers belonging to madhesi ethnicity (OR= 2.394, 95% CI=1.219-4.700, p- 0.011), mothers having normal delivery (OR= .461, 95% CI= 0.250- 0.851, p-0.013), multiparous (OR=1.965, 95%, CI= 1.099- 3.514, p- 0.023), lower middle economic class (OR=1.848, 95%CI=1.009-3.382, p- 0.047) were more likely TIBF than others. TIBF is significantly associated with exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.007).

Conclusion: The study concludes that ethnicity, mode of delivery, parity and socio-economic status are the factors associated with TIBF. Furthermore, TIBF is connected with practice of exclusively breast feeding.
Quality of Work Life and Job Satisfaction among Journalists of Television Newsrooms in Kathmandu
Authors: Rai Sarah Sapsanamma
Published: February 2024

This descriptive research study is conducted among journalists in television newsrooms in Kathmandu identifies that safe working conditions, adequate health benefits, and equitable compensation are critical factors in enhancing job satisfaction among journalists. Job autonomy, opportunities for professional development, social responsibility, and positive image are also significant in fostering employee satisfaction which is in line with past literature on workplace safety, employee satisfaction, and perception of work environment among journalists. The study's results suggest that companies should create a positive work atmosphere by compensating employees fairly, providing opportunities for professional growth, and fostering a culture of social responsibility and positive image.
Pemberdayaan Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Bumdes Berkah Jaya Desa Karangasem Melalui Implementasi Digital Marketing
Authors: Hakim Mujibul , Milzam Muhammad , Suseno Akrim Teguh , Anjarini Ary Dwi , Afif Randi
Published: February 2024

Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) Berkah Jaya di Desa Karangasem, Kabupaten Pekalongan, menghadapi berbagai kendala misalnya dalam legalitas BUMDes yang belum ada, kemampuan manajerial rendah, pengelolaan keuangan yang lemah, kurangnya implementasi digital marketing, dan kekurangan aplikasi pendukung. Maka dari itu, pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan BUMDes Berkah Jaya melalui berbagai langkah-langkah yang diambil. Langkah-langkah yang diambil mencakup pengurusan dokumen legalitas, peningkatan keterampilan manajerial, peningkatan pengelolaan keuangan, penerapan aplikasi Point of Sale (POS), dan penerapan teknik pemasaran digital. Tujuan utama adalah meningkatkan produktivitas BUMDes dan pendapatan desa. Hasil yang diharapkan dari pengabdian ini adalah peningkatan pendapatan dan produktivitas BUMDes Berkah Jaya menjadi lebih lagi, dan juga publikasi ilmiah serta dokumentasi visual. Setelah mengikuti pelatihan yang relevan, peserta menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam pemahaman mereka tentang berbagai aspek yang terkait dengan BUMDes Berkah Jaya, termasuk manajemen BUMDes, pengelolaan keuangan, pemasaran digital, dan aplikasi POS, yang berpotensi memberikan dampak positif pada perkembangan BUMDes dan pendapatan desa.
Pemanfaatan Air Hujan Bagi Masyarakat Kampung Benyom Jaya II Distrik Nimbokrang Kabupaten Jayapura Papua
Authors: Seru Feby , Modokh Meidianti A. , Sari Nur Nilam , Saputro Agung Dwi , Kuddi Bobi Frans , Situmeang Radian Januari , Langowuyo Agustinus , F. B. Winda Ade , Sumardi Sitti R. , Tandiangnga Tiku
Published: February 2024

Air bersih merupakan kebutuhan mendasar bagi kehidupan manusia yang digunakan untuk berbagai aktivitas. Akan tetapi tidak semua daerah memiliki ketersediaan air bersih yang memadai. Tujuan pelaksanaan kegiatan Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) FMIPA Universitas Cenderawasih adalah memberdayakan masyarakat dalam upaya pemanfaatan air hujan untuk mendapatkan air bersih, menggunakan metode The First Flush System. Kegiatan KKN dilaksanakan di Kampung Benyom Jaya II Distrik Nimbokrang, Kabupaten Jayapura, Provinsi Papua pada tanggal 2-26 Agustus 2023. Kegiatan ini dilakukan melalui tiga tahap yaitu tahap persiapan, tahap pelaksanaan kerja dan tahap monitoring. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan KKN ini yaitu masyarakat mendapatkan air bersih yang dapat digunakan untuk keperluan sehari-hari, namun belum dapat dikonsumsi. Selain itu, masyarakat juga mendapatkan pengetahuan mengenai cara memanfaatkan air hujan untuk kebutuhan sehari-hari.
Authors: Praditya Vallen Chandra , Candrasari Diwahana Mutiara
Published: February 2024

The development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has introduced innovations in more efficient and accurate water quality monitoring. This research aims to develop a water quality monitoring application for torrents using the pH-4502C sensor-based IoT, with a case study at SD Al Irsyad Al Islamiyyah 01 Purwokerto. The research methodology is using experimental, involving the design and implementation of a system consisting of the pH-4502C sensor, microcontroller, and IoT platform. The pH data generated by the pH-4502C sensor is collected and transmitted in real-time to a server via an internet connection. The developed web application enables users to monitor water quality online and access historical data. The results of the research demonstrate that the implemented system can accurately and efficiently monitor water quality through a web interface. With this system, SD Al Irsyad Al Islamiyyah 01 Purwokerto can effectively monitor the water quality in their torrents, enabling prompt preventive measures in the event of significant changes in water quality. This research illustrates the potential of IoT in water quality monitoring, which can be applied across various sectors, including education. Furthermore, this study can be a reference for further research in the development of IoT-based water quality monitoring systems
DOSES DE DEJETOS LÍQUIDOS SUÍNOS AFETAM O CRESCIMENTO E PRODUTIVIDADE DA CULTURA DO MILHO
Authors: Gisch Pedro Henrique , Redin Marciel , Souza Eduardo Lorensi de , Maisa da Silva Danni , Guerra Divanilde , Enivar Lanzanova Mastrangello , Evaldo Gehlen Bohrer Robson
Published: March 2024

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho do milho cultivado com diferentes doses de dejeto líquido suíno (DLS), comparado à adubação mineral (NPK) e sem adubação. Foram avaliadas quatros doses de DLS a partir da necessidade da cultura (50%, 100%, 150% e 200%), NPK e sem adubação (testemunha), com cinco repetições para cada tratamento, com delineamento de blocos casualizados em condições de campo. Foram determinadas a produção de matéria seca total (MST), colmos (MSC) e folhas (MSF), os componentes de produtividade comprimento de espigas (CE), número de fileiras de grãos por espiga (NFGE), número de grãos por espiga (NGE) e número de espigas por metro quadrado (NEMQ), a produtividade de grãos (PG) e o índice de colheita (IC) do milho. As doses de 100%, 150% e 200% de DLS se equipararam ao NPK, tanto para produção de MST (média 6.077 kg/ha), quanto para MSC (4.000 kg/ha) e MSF (2.076 kg/ha). O milho fertilizado com 50% de DLS apresentou maior NEMQ (23) se comparado à testemunha (19) e não houve diferença significativa entre as doses de DLS e NPK (média 20,9). A dose 200% DLS se equiparou ao tratamento NPK no NGE (média 412), no NFGE (12,1) e PG (12.674 kg/ha). As doses de DLS 50, 100 e 150% da recomendada não são equivalentes à adubação NPK, reduzindo, respectivamente, 175, 115 e 114% a PG.
Palavras-chave: Zea mays; adubação orgânica; dejetos de animais; eficiência adubação.
 
Pig slurry doses affect plant growth and corn grain yield
 
ABSTRACT: The aim was to evaluate the performance of corn grown with different doses of pig slurry (PS), compared to mineral fertilization (NPK) and without fertilization. Four doses of PS were evaluated from the need of the crop (50%, 100%, 150% and 200%), NPK and without fertilization (control), five replications each treatment, with a randomized block design under field conditions. The production of total dry matter (DM), stems (DMS) and leaves (DML), yield components ear length (EL), number of rows of grains per ear (NRGE), number of grains per ear (NGE) and number of ears per square meter (NESM), grain yield (GY) and corn harvest index. The doses of 100%, 150% and 200% of PS were equivalent to NPK, both for DM production (mean 6,077 kg/ha), and for DMS (4,000 kg/ha) and DML (2,076 kg/ha). Corn fertilized with 50% PS showed higher NESM (23) compared to the control (19) and there was no significant difference between the doses of PS and NPK (mean 20.9). The 200% PS dose matched the NPK treatment in NGE (mean 412), NRGE (12.1) and GY (12,674 kg/ha). The PS doses of 50, 100 and 150% of the recommended are not equivalent to NPK fertilization, reducing, respectively, 175, 115 and 114% of GY.
Keywords: Zea mays; organic fertilization; animal manure; fertilization efficiency.
HALAL INDUSTRY CERTIFICATION ASPECTS: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK BASED ON THE THEMATIC STUDY OF THE QUR’AN
Authors: Ahmed Farah
Published: March 2024

The article aims to analyze the different aspects of the halal certification process based on the thematic study of the Quran’s verses containing the word halal. The themes are -legislation, the practicality of the legislation, elimination of harm, and positive impact. Based on these themes and principles the conceptual framework is developed and various aspects of the halal certification process are analyzed. For analysis purposes, market leaders in 5 sectors are chosen.  The qualitative analysis relied on online reports, company websites, research papers, and webinar proceedings. The study establishes a link between Quranic themes and Shariah principles. From the content analysis, it has been found that the most widely applied theme in all sectors is eliminating impurity; the most overlooked theme is positive impact. Leaders in the food and finance sector have a diversified Shariah board. However, shariah principles need to be incorporated in analyzing the customer demand, especially for processed food and clothing. The research is expected to assist the policymakers and other stakeholders in establishing a framework for halal certification that would maintain the label's integrity. The thematic study of the Quran highlights the necessity to take initiatives to reduce the knowledge gap, develop tools to assess customer demand, and the impact of consuming halal goods and services from a Shariah perspective. Such initiatives would assist in developing more halal products and services and boost economic and social impact.
GENDERED POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT IN IRAQ: EXAMINING WOMEN'S ENGAGEMENT IN THE POST-2003 POLITICAL LANDSCAPE
Authors: Jamal Mohammed Ameen Hussein  , Abdulwahed Jalal
Published: March 2024

The present article examines women's political engagement in Iraq following 2003, presenting an evaluation of their current political milieu. The text provides insight into the rise of multiple women's groups, clarifying their goals and actions. The article delves into the unique difficulties and hindrances faced by proponents of women's rights in present-day Iraq. In the aftermath of the collapse of the Ba'athist government, a promising window of opportunity emerged for women to participate in the political sphere. As a result, female citizens of Iraq have attained a noteworthy degree of political engagement, obtaining roles within the governmental and parliamentary spheres. Despite persistent efforts, individuals in Iraq are still facing a range of obstacles stemming from tribal, sectarian, customary, and legal factors, which are primarily influenced by prevailing patriarchal and sectarian ideologies. This research employs historical, descriptive, and political analysis to showcase the active participation of Iraqi women in the political and social landscape of Iraq. This statement highlights their continuous involvement in promoting the progress of the political system, as evidenced by their occupancy of various political positions.
إنسانية الإنسان في التعامل مع أهل الأديان الأخرى، تعامل النبي مع غير المسلمين نموذجا
Authors: Azmi Shujaur Rahman , Prof Dr. Muhammad Abul Lais
Published: March 2024

الملخص

إنّ عنوان "إنسانية الإنسان في التعامل مع أهل الأديان الأخرى" من القضايا التي يحتاج إليها العالم في العصر الذي نعيش فيه اليوم، ولقد عالَجها كثير من الباحثين والأكاديميّين، ولكنّ هناك إشكالات وتساؤلات لا تزال في حاجة إلى الحلّ والإجابة. وهذا البحث سوف يحتوي على إبراز الإنسانية في ضوء السيرة النبوية الشريفة وحلول تعامل النبي ﷺ مع أهل الأديان الأخرى.
السياسة بين الأخلاق والمقاصد: عرض مقارن بين ابن تيمية والشاطبيّ
Authors: Bakour Bachar , Berghout Abdelaziz
Published: March 2024

Islamic scholars, including philosophers, sociologists, and jurists agree that the ultimate goal of the state or political authority is to achieve the welfare of the citizens and to bring goodness, prosperity, and happiness to the individual and society. This means safeguarding religion and managing worldly affairs. Political authority in Islam is based on a unique system consisting of two elements: ethics and objectives. These two elements constitute the highest goal of the prophetic message, as Sharia consists of the duality of ethics and interests. The article seeks to uncover the foundational moral and objective basis of political authority by providing a comparative analysis of the most important ethical objectives that must be possessed by uli al-amr, according to Imam Ahmad ibn Taymiyyah (d. 728 AH) in his book "Al-Siyasah al-Shar'iyyah fi Islah al-Ra'i wa al-Ra'iyah," and Abu Ishaq al-Shatibi (d. 790 AH) in his book "Al-Muwafaqat." The article concludes that the purpose of establishing political authority cannot be realized unless it is framed within the framework of ethics and virtues that enjoin justice, trustworthiness, truth, and freedom. Furthermore, ethics in the realm of politics must be subjected to the hierarchical classification of objectives into necessities, needs, and improvements. Accordingly, priority should be given to the most crucial virtues, while averting the most harmful vices.
Probability of Getting Households Out of Poverty: Empirical Studies in Indonesia
Authors: Rambe Roosemarina Anggraini , Purmini Purmini , Anitasari Merri
Published: March 2024

This study aims at analyzing the impact of household characteristics on increasing the chances of households getting out of poverty. Independent variables in this study consist of nine household characteristics (both parents’ education, employment status, and job sector; the family size, location of residence, and social assistance received). The analytical method used is logit regression. The results showed that four out of the nine variables have a significantly positive impact on increasing the chances of getting households out of poverty: residence location, fathers working in non-agriculture sector, mothers working in non-agriculture sector, and mothers working in general. Family size has a significantly negative impact. Thus, the government should promote SME (Small Medium Enterprises) development in rural areas that support agriculture production since it will increase the chances of households escaping poverty.
Жоғары білім беру саласындағы оқытушылық қызметтің кейбір мәселелері
Authors: Садыров Ғ.А.
Published: February 2024

Мақалада экономикалық құрылым мен әлеуметтік-экономикалық қатынастар сипатындағы өзгерістер қарастырылады, олар бұрын қабылданған білім беру басымдықтарын, нарықтық қатынастарды білімге, ғылыми-зерттеу жұмысы мен оқу процесінің қатынастарына айналдырды. Жоғары оқу орны оқытушысының жұмыс уақытын жоспарлау, оқыту сапасына қойылатын талаптардың артуы, жоғары білім беру жүйесіндегі технологиялық инновациялар, ғылыми және білім беру жетістіктері мәселелеріне ерекше назар аударылды. Шығармашылық, зияткерлік мәдениет және жаңашылдық сияқты даму деңгейлері арқылы оқу процесінде қолдануды көздейтін оқытушының педагогикалық және ғылыми-зерттеу жұмысының өзара байланысы зерттелді. Мұғалімнің ғылыми жетістіктерін өз қызметін ұйымдастыруда әдістемелік құрал ретінде пайдалану мүмкіндігі. Студенттерді оқыту процесінде логикалық ойлау, талдау, қорытындылар, ғылыми әдістерге негізделген деректерді жинау сияқты ғылыми процестерді дұрыс пайдалану. Авторлар оқу процесін ұйымдастырудың ерекшеліктерін, оқытушылардың ғылыми-зерттеу жұмыстарын, шет елдердің жоғары оқу орындарындағы инновациялық жетістіктер туралы талдады. Университеттің ұйымдастырушылық жұмысының оқытушының ғылыми-зерттеу және педагогикалық қызметінің тиімділігі мен тиімділігіне әсері. Сауалнама негізінде университет оқытушысының ғылыми-педагогикалық қызметіндегі шет тілінің маңызы мен рөлі анықталды. Жүргізілген сауалнама оқытушының ғылыми-зерттеу мүмкіндіктерін толық іске асыруға мүмкіндік бермейтін оқытушылық жүктеменің диспропорцияларының күрделі өзара байланысты кешенін анықтады. Мақала авторлары ЖОО оқытушысының ғылыми-зерттеу әлеуетін жандандыру үшін ЖОО-да оқытушының қызметін ұйымдастырудың жаңа тәсілдері қажет деген қорытындыға келеді.
Инклюзивті білім беру жағдайында информатиканы оқытудың интерактивті әдістері
Authors: Маханова А.С.
Published: February 2024

Бүгінгі таңда ерекше білім беруді қажет ететін балаларға информатика пәнін оқытуда жаңа педагогикалық әдістер мен тәсілдер, оқытудың интерактивті әдістері мен құралдарын енгізу қажеттілігі практика жүзінде айқын сезіледі. Соның өзінде ерекше білім беруді қажет ететін балаларды оқыту мен тәрбиелеу процесінде интерактивті әдістерді қолдануды жүзеге асыру сирек кездеседі. Жалпы және әлеуметтік педагогиканың тығыз байланысы интерактивті әдістерді қолдану ерекшеліктері мен қолдану қажеттілігін меңгеруді барлық пән мұғалімдерінің алдында тұрған үлкен мақсат деп біледі. Мақалада инклюзивті білім беру жағдайында ерекше білім беруді қажет ететін балаларға информатика пәнін оқытуда практика жүзінде интерактивті әдістердің қандай деңгейде қолданылатындығын анықтау нәтижесінде алынған сипаттамалар келтірілген. Инклюзивті білім беруді жүзеге асыратын жалпы білім беретін мектептерде пән мұғалімдері оқыту процесіне интерактивті оқыту әдіс-тәсілдері мен құралдарын енгізу қажеттігі бүгінде өзекті мәселелердің бірі болып табылады. Ерекше білім беруді қажет ететін балаларды оқытуда интерактивті әдістер мен құралдар кеңінен қолданылатын болса, білімді қабылдау салыстырмалы түрде жеңіл түрде жүзеге асады. Автор инклюзивті білім беру жағдайында ерекше білім беруді қажет ететін балаларға информатика пәнін оқытуда интерактивті әдістерді қолдануды жүзеге асыру нәтижелерін сипаттаған.
Sociocognitive Theory of Terminology: diachronic applications
Authors: Teixeira Soraya Carvalho Souza Biller , Alves Josefa Monica Almeida , Marengo Sandro Marcío Drumond Alves , Araújo Débora Simões
Published: February 2024

Terminological research has made considerable progress in almost all areas of language for specific purposes, such as Medicine or Law. However, studies with a socio-historical perspective have been relegated to the background. In Brazil, terminological research with a diachronic approach is scarce, which is why we developed our research for contributing to this area of study. This article aims to describe and analyze a medical-legal term found in a corpus consisting of 45 corpus delicti, extracted from rape criminal cases recorded in Sergipe from 1854 to 1900. The term copula was chosen due to its significant frequency and because it is a representative term for the sexual act. Our theoretical foundation is based on the principles of Diachronic Socioterminology and the Sociocognitive Theory of Terminology. In the methodological procedures, first of all, we performed manuscript editions, then we used Corpus Linguistics by employing the software AntConc and TermoStat for term extraction and identification. After this process, we chose the term to be analyzed and applied it in the terminology sheet model, along the lines of Sociocognitive Terminology We described and analyzed the chosen term, and a result, we concluded that this approach allowed us to understand the (re)constructed meanings through real usage of the term, examine its socio-historical movements in its specific contexts, as well as identify its users, enunciators, communicative and discursive situations.
Predicting the Future of Human-Coyote Interactions in Edmonton Using Differential Equations
Authors: Marklund Sarah
Published: March 2024

In this paper, a system of differential equations is formulated to study the issue of human-coyote interactions in Edmonton. The system’s asymptotic behaviour is examined to predict the size of the coyote population in the future, as well as the number of bold coyotes and individuals concerned about coyotes. These values are shown to stabilize, indicating a need for better management to fully eliminate bold coyote behaviour.
RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF IXODES RICINUS TICKS COLLECTED IN RECREATIONAL AREAS OF TERNOPIL (UKRAINE) DURING 2017-2022
Authors: Podobivskiy S. , Fedoniuk L. , Podobivskiy V.
Published: March 2024

The aim of this work is to summarize the results of laboratory studies of Ixodes ricinus ticks collected in recreational areas of Ternopil (Ukraine) and compare them with similar results of studies by a number of European researchers who studied ticks in suburban areas of large European cities, such as Warsaw, Prague, Bonn, Helsinki, etc.
Ticks were collected using a "flag" (a 1m x 1m white cloth dragged across the grass), manually removed from plants and clothes of people walking in parks and finding these arthropods. The ticks were examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on the ROTOR Gene 6000 amplifier, which helped to determine the composition of pathogens that ticks can carry. The pathogens themselves were identified using several test systems, namely: "DNA A. phagocytophilum / DNA E. muris / DNA E. chaffeensis"; "DNA B. burgdorferi s. l."; "DNA B. myamotoi"; "DNA Babesia species"; "RNA Ticks borne of encephalitis viruses" (manufactured by MolGen (Italy)), which allow real-time detection on the ROTOR Gene 6000 amplifier.
During 2017-2022, ticks were collected in parks and squares in Ternopil. They were examined in the laboratory of the Center for the Study of Ticks and Tick-Borne Infections of the Ternopil Gorbachevsky National Medical University using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on the ROTOR Gene 6000 amplifier.
From 2017 to 2022, 881 ticks were subjected to PCR testing. It was found that 257 individuals, or 29.17% of the total number of ticks tested, were carriers of infectious diseases, of which 117 specimens, or 13.28%, were carriers of B. burgdorferi sl., B. miyamotoi - 5 specimens, or 0.57%, A. phagocytophilum - 97 specimens, or 11.01%. Among the infected ticks there were carriers of 2 pathogens simultaneously. In particular, 32 individuals were vectors of B. burgdorferi + A. phagocytophilum, which amounted to 3.63%, B. burgdorferi sl. + B. miyamotoi - 3 specimens, or 0.34%, B. miyamotoi + A. phagocytophilum - 2 specimens, which corresponded to 0.23%. We also found 1 tick carrying three pathogens simultaneously: B. burgdorferi + B. miyamotoi + A. phagocytophilum.
The analysis of the results obtained regarding the distribution of pathogens of the B. burgdorferi sl. in ticks collected within the city of Ternopil showed that our results practically correlate with the results of European researchers. The percentage of infected ticks in our results ranged from 13.28 % (minimum 7.69 % and maximum 33.33 %), and in some European cities it ranged from 13.2 - 38.5 % in Prague to 19-55 % in Helsinki, with intermediate results in Olsztyn (Poland) - 27.4 %, in Bratislava - 13.2 %, in Switzerland - 18 % (average of 18 large cities). These figures largely depended on the stages of tick development and environmental conditions in different years.
HEDGES IN THE URBANIZED ENVIRONMENT OF THE CITY OF KRYVYI RIH.
Authors: Boiko L. , Yukhymenko Yu. , Danylchuk O. , Shulha O.
Published: March 2024

We carried out an analysis of existing hedgerows in urban territories of various purposes in the city of Kryvyi Rih.
As for the greening of the urbanized environment of Kryvyi Rih, we found that hedges are most often used in areas of limited (67,0 %) and general (34,8 %) use, the smallest number of hedges is used in special purpose areas (22,6 %). In general, hedges of medium height prevail (52 %), tall hedges make up 29%, and the rate of low hedges is only 19% in the surveyed territories. We revealed that more than half of the registered hedges (65 %) are formed in one row. The number of two-row hedges is slightly smaller (32 %); three-row hedges were found in only 3% of the total number.
The dendroflora of the hedgerows of the city is characterized by a fairly rich biodiversity and consists of 37 species and cultivars of woody and shrubby deciduous and coniferous species, representing 22 genera of 14 families. Greening of urban areas of limited use is dominated by hedges made of such deciduous species as representatives of genera Spiraea L., Berberis L., Symphoricarpos Duhamel, Philadelphus L., Swida Opiz, Forsythia Vahl., Laburnum Medik. The most often used species for creation of evergreen hedges are conifers and a deciduous species Buxus sempervirens L. The most used species for such purposes belong to the family Cupressaceae F. Neger., namely species and cultivars of the genera Juniperus L. and Thuja L. However, the range of plants suitable for vertical landscaping by hedges (even among those introduced in the Kryvyi Rih Botanical Garden) is much larger. Deciduous species of the genera Cotoneaster Medik., Cуdonia Mill., Weigela Thunb., Kolkwitzia Graebn., Deutzia Thunb., Colutea L., Caragana Lam. as well as conifers of genera Picea A. Dietr. and Taxus L. are promising, but practically not used to create the hedges in city’s green areas.
Імунопатологічні аспекти етіопатогенезу міокардиту
Authors: Hladkykh F. V.
Published: February 2024

Myocarditis is a group of inflammatory diseases of the heart muscle against the background of the absence of acute or chronic ischemic heart disease, which are diagnosed according to established histological, immunological and immunohistochemical criteria.Objective. Summarize current information on the immunopathogenesis of myocarditis based on data from open sources of information.Methods. Publications were selected based on PubMed, Clinical Key Elsevier, Cochrane Library, eBook Business Collection and Google Scholar databases, which covered information on the immunopathogenesis of myocarditis.Results. Viral infections are the most common cause of myocarditis, along with some bacteria and protozoa. Chronic immune stimulation or autoimmunity in chronic viral myocarditis results from incomplete resolution of the viral infection or response to a previous virus or immune-mediated chronic tissue injury. An active autoimmune response in human myocarditis, both at the cellular and humoral levels, is the immunological basis for the development of this pathology. Myocarditis caused by COVID-19 is a new entity. At the moment, four main manifestations of myocarditis in the context of SARS-CoV-2 have been identified: myocarditis associated with an acute infection of COVID-19, post-acute syndrome of COVID-19 (or prolonged syndrome of COVID-19), multisystem inflammatory syndrome, and myocarditis due to related to vaccination. Autoimmune reactions probably contribute to molecular mimicry – they activate virus-specific T-cells that attack the myocardium. During this phase, high concentrations of cytokines (eg, tumor necrosis factor, interleukins 1a, 1b, 2, and interferon-γ) are produced. These cytokines, together with antibodies against viral and cardiac proteins, further exacerbate cardiac damage and systolic dysfunction due to contractile dysfunction and matrix proteins.Conclusions. CD4+T-cells are defined as the main driving forces of heart-specific autoimmunity in myocarditis. Dysregulated CD4+ T-cell populations and their associated cytokines are critical for the development and progression of myocarditis and may serve as therapeutic targets and the development of new treatment approaches.
Analisis Motivasi Muzakki Dalam Keputusan Mengeluarkan Zakat
Authors: Fahrul Shafi’ Muhammad , Cahyadi Nur , Harianto Prayudi
Published: February 2024

Zakat in Islam states that there are several rights of other people, especially the rights of the poor towards people who have excess wealth. The assets you own will be more blessed if some of them can be distributed using zakat. This will certainly be very helpful in alleviating poverty. Muzakki who have a very good understanding of zakat will influence the muzakki's interest in zakat to be high and vice versa. Awareness is the state of being sensitive or aware of a topic or subject. The muzakki's motivation, understanding and awareness in the decision to issue zakat are related to each other because if the muzakki does not have understanding and awareness then there will be no motivation within the muzakki to issue zakat. Likewise, if ordinary people do not have an understanding and awareness about zakat, they will not be motivated to pay zakat.