bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A protocol for the Hearing impairment in Adults: A Longitudinal Outcomes Study (HALOS)
Authors: Tang Diana , Tran Yvonne , McMahon Catherine , Turner Jessica , Amin Janaki , Sinha Kompal , Alam Mohammad Nure , Wuthrich Viviana , Sherman Kerry A. , Garcia Patrick , Mitchell Rebecca , Braithwaite Jeffrey , Leigh Greg , Lim Shermin , Shekhawat Giriraj Singh , Rapport Frances , Ferguson Melanie , Gopinath Bamini
Published: March 2023

Background

Often considered an “invisible disability”, hearing loss is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases and the third leading cause for years lived with disability worldwide. Hearing loss has substantial impacts on communication, psychological wellbeing, social connectedness, cognition, quality of life, and economic independence. The Hearing impairment in Adults: a Longitudinal Outcomes Study (HALOS) aims to evaluate the: (1) impacts of hearing devices (hearing aids and/or cochlear implants), (2) differences in timing of these interventions and in long-term outcomes between hearing aid and cochlear implant users, and (3) cost-effectiveness of early intervention for adult-onset hearing loss among hearing device users.

Materials and methods

HALOS is a mixed-methods study collecting cross-sectional and longitudinal data on health and social outcomes from 908 hearing aid and/or cochlear implant users aged ≥40 years, recruited from hearing service providers across Australia. The quantitative component will involve an online survey at baseline (time of recruitment), 24-months, and 48-months and will collect audiological, health, psychosocial, functional and employment outcomes using validated instruments. The qualitative component will be conducted in a subset of participants at baseline and involve semi-structured interviews to understand the patient journey and perspectives on the Australian hearing service model.

Ethics

This study has been approved by the Macquarie University Human Research Ethics Committee (ID: 11262) and Southern Adelaide Local Health Network (ID: LNR/22/SAC/88).

Dissemination of results: Study findings will be disseminated to participants via a one-page summary, and to the public through publications in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at conferences.

Trial registration

Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ANZCTR) registration number:ACTRN12622000752763.
The mitotic exit mediated by small GTPase Tem1 is essential for the pathogenicity of Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Miao Pengfei , Mao Xuzhao , Chen Shuang , Abubakar Yakubu Saddeeq , Li Yulong , Zheng Wenhui , Zhou Jie , Wang Zonghua , Zheng Huawei
Published: March 2023

The mitotic exit is a key step in cell cycle, but the mechanism of mitotic exit network in the wheat head blight fungus Fusarium graminearum remains unclear. F. graminearum infects wheat spikelets and colonizes the entire head by growing through the rachis node at the bottom of each spikelet. In this study, we found that a small GTPase FgTem1 plays an important role in F. graminearum pathogenicity and functions in regulating the formation of infection structures and invasive hyphal growth on wheat spikelets and wheat coleoptiles, but plays only little roles in vegetative growth and conidiation of the phytopathogen. FgTem1 localizes to both the inner nuclear periphery and the spindle pole bodies, and negatively regulates mitotic exit in F. graminearum. Furthermore, the regulatory mechanisms of FgTem1 have been further investigated by high-throughput co-immunoprecipitation and genetic strategies. The septins FgCdc10 and FgCdc11 were demonstrated to interact with the dominant negative form of FgTem1, and FgCdc11 was found to regulate the localization of FgTem1. The cell cycle arrest protein FgBub2-FgBfa1 complex was shown to act as the GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for FgTem1. We further demonstrated that a direct interaction exists between FgBub2 and FgBfa1 which crucially promotes conidiation, pathogenicity and DON production, and negatively regulates septum formation and nuclear division in F. graminearum. Deletion of FgBUB2 and FgBFA1 genes caused fewer perithecia and immature asci formations, and dramatically down-regulated trichothecene biosynthesis (TRI) gene expressions. Double deletion of FgBUB2/FgBFA1 genes showed that FgBUB2 and FgBFA1 have little functional redundancy in F. graminearum. In summary, we systemically demonstrated that FgTem1 and its GAP FgBub2-FgBfa1 complex are required for fungal development and pathogenicity in F. graminearum.
The JAK-STAT pathway promotes persistent viral infection by activating apoptosis in insect vectors
Authors: Zhang Yan , Li Bo-Xue , Mao Qian-Zhuo , Zhuo Ji-Chong , Huang Hai-Jian , Lu Jia-Bao , Zhang Chuan-Xi , Li Jun-Min , Chen Jian-Ping , Lu Gang
Published: March 2023

The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that can regulate various biological processes. However, the role of JAK-STAT pathway in the persistent viral infection in insect vectors has rarely been investigated. Here, using a system that comprised two different plant viruses, Rice stripe virus (RSV) and Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV), as well as their insect vector small brown planthopper, we elucidated the regulatory mechanism of JAK-STAT pathway in persistent viral infection. Both RSV and RBSDV infection activated the JAK-STAT pathway and promoted the accumulation of suppressor of cytokine signaling 5 (SOCS5), an E3 ubiquitin ligase regulated by the transcription factor STAT5B. Interestingly, the virus-induced SOCS5 directly interacted with the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2) to accelerate the BCL2 degradation through the 26S proteasome pathway. As a result, the activation of apoptosis facilitated persistent viral infection in their vector. Furthermore, STAT5B activation promoted virus amplification, whereas STAT5B suppression inhibited apoptosis and reduced virus accumulation. In summary, our results reveal that virus-induced JAK-STAT pathway regulates apoptosis to promote viral infection, and uncover a new regulatory mechanism of the JAK-STAT pathway in the persistent plant virus transmission by arthropod vectors.
Drawing ex-studio: An eccentric case for correspondence courses
Authors: Platz William
Published: March 2023

Digitally networked distance learning strategies in the virtual learning environment (VLE) have been increasingly mandated in studio drawing courses in the COVID-19 era. This phenomenon of studio teaching in absence of the studio is referred to in this analysis as an ‘ex-studio’ model. This article posits an alternative and a corrective to the failures and limitations of digital ex-studio learning and teaching through the understudied, underappreciated and largely defunct strategy of correspondence teaching via postal networks. A critique of online studio teaching experiences in the field of drawing is contrasted with the potential for correspondence courses, informed by mail art practices, to re-engage distance learning with community building, material knowledge, skill formation, effective formative assessment, coherent workload allocation and teacher–learner rapport.
In the studio with virtual reality: Student perceptions and potential integrations into art and design curriculum
Authors: Hutson James , Lively Jason , Weber Joseph
Published: March 2023

The use of virtual reality (VR) to create immersive experiences through the principles taught in art and design curricula has been studied over the past two decades while, at the same time, demonstrating positive correlations between learning outcomes and the technology. Not surprisingly, the creation of 3D models within a virtual environment leads to a better understanding of 3D workflow. Yet, despite these developments, few studies have been conducted specifically on the application within a studio context for art and design disciplines and how VR might benefit artists and designers. This study confirms that the use of VR in art and design courses is perceived to promote a better understanding of three-dimensional spaces, design and to improve student-centred activities and student–student interactions. At the same time, integrating VR into curriculum should be strategic and aligned with learning outcomes for impactful learning experiences.
Comparison of Differences in Physical, Psychological, and Social State According to the Abuse Experience in Community Dwelling Elderly
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Hwang Hyenam , Byun Hye Sun
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare and confirm the differences in physical, psychological, and social state according to the abuse experience of the elderly living in the community. Methods: The research design was a descriptive survey using convenience sampling. Data was collected using self-report questionnaire of 151 elderly people in D city, K province. Collected data were analyzed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation. Results: Total mean scores of abuse experience was 2.05. The abuse and non-abuse group showed difference in social state. In the abuse group, the degree of abuse showed an inverse correlation with social status, the degree of physical activity showed a correlation with mental status and social status, and mental status showed a correlation with social status. In the non-abused group, the physical state showed a positive correlation with the social state. Conclusion: The problem of elder abuse is emerging as a social problem, not a problem of individuals and families, and research on the impact of elder abuse damage on health is an important part to be addressed.
Riskscore Model Based on Oxidative Stress–Related Genes May Facilitate the Prognosis Evaluation for Patients With Colon Cancer
Authors: Chu Yuxin , Yao Yi , Hu Qinyong , Song Qibin
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCTION:

This study aims to identify the oxidative stress–related genes (OSRGs) with prognostic value and develop a riskscore model for prognosis evaluation in colon cancer.

METHODS:

The transcriptome data and corresponding clinical information about colon cancer were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Differentially expressed OSRGs and transcription factors (TFs) were identified between the normal and tumor samples. A riskscore model was established with OSRGs filtered from Cox regression analysis. This riskscore model was appraised by Kaplan-Meier plot, receiver operating characteristic curve, and Cox regression analysis. The clinical relevance of riskscore and its association with immune cell infiltration were also evaluated.

RESULTS:

A total of 307 differentially expressed OSRGs and 64 differential TFs were identified. A TF-OSRG regulatory network was constructed in Cytoscape software. A riskscore model was established based on 17 OSRGs with independent prognostic value. This riskscore model could separate the patients into low-risk and high-risk groups. It also had good predictive ability, with an area under the curve = 0.8. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, age, T stage, and riskscore were identified as independent risk factors in colon cancer. Riskscore was significantly correlated with T stage, N stage, and immune cell infiltration.

DISCUSSION:

We established a useful riskscore model with 17 OSRGs for prognosticating the overall survival in patients with colon cancer. This study provides a new insight into the clinical utility of OSRG-based riskscore model, which will hopefully facilitate the prognosis evaluation of patients with colon cancer.
An Examination of Outdoor Garden Bed Designs in a Subarctic Community
Authors: Wilton Meaghan J. , Karagatzides Jim D. , Solomon Andrew , Tsuji Leonard J.S.
Published: March 2023

At the global level, interest is growing in extending agricultural activities northwards to increase future food production. Agricultural activities are emerging at the local level in the subarctic and Arctic regions in order to adapt to climate change, mitigate food insecurities, and build up food autonomy. This pilot crop management study was situated in the Hudson Bay Lowlands within an isolated, Indigenous community garden site surrounded by a mature shelterbelt. The study’s purpose was to compare kale growing in three types of low-cost garden bed treatments (four plots per treatment) under ambient conditions in a subarctic climate. The 2019 study measured aboveground biomass and total leaf surface area of kale, monitored soil climate conditions of each treatment, and deciphered, with regards to regional suitability, the benefits and drawbacks of each garden bed treatment. Kale cultivated in the standard boxes (0.25 m height raised bed) and hügelkultur-style boxes (0.50 m height raised bed, including a layer of buried woody debris) resulted in 44 – 58% more aboveground mass and 52% more total surface area than were yielded in kale cultivated in the ground treatment (not elevated), but these increases did not represent statistically significant differences among treatments (ANOVA, p ≥ 0.12) because of the large variation likely from a small sample size. The two raised box treatments increased early-season soil temperatures by 0.5˚C to 2.5˚C and reduced soil moisture by 41% – 53% compared to the ground treatment. We determined that the standard box treatment is best suited for the study site for improving soil climate conditions, protecting against water erosion, and decreasing the need to bend over.
Seasonal Sea Ice Conditions Affect Caribou Crossing Areas Around Qikiqtaq, Nunavut: Uqsuqtuurmiut Knowledge Guides Ice Chart Analysis
Authors: Paquette Emmelie , Ljubicic Gita , Johnson Cheryl A. , Okpakok Simon , Mueller Derek , Montpetit Benoit
Published: March 2023

Though polar ecologists consider sea ice primarily as a habitat for marine mammals, caribou use sea ice to complete their reproductive cycles, to access areas with preferred climatic and vegetation conditions, and to avoid predators seasonally and sporadically. Building on previous caribou research in Uqsuqtuuq (Gjoa Haven, Nunavut), we explored the connections between caribou and sea ice phenology in 5 community-identified caribou crossing areas around Qikiqtaq (King William Island). We defined freeze-up and breakup based on Uqsuqtuurmiut (people of Uqsuqtuuq) knowledge of caribou habitat requirements, to orient our analysis to the complex and multifaceted hazards that caribou can encounter while moving through their dynamic and unpredictable sea ice habitat. We investigated the reliability of caribou sea ice habitat surrounding Qikiqtaq, prioritizing key transitional periods with intensified caribou movement. We use regional ice charts produced by the Canadian Ice Service (CIS) and held workshops with Uqsuqtuurmiut to understand how sea ice phenology and caribou mobility have changed over time. The high spatial and temporal variability of sea ice phenology around Qikiqtaq facilitates caribou moving across sea ice should they need to respond to seasonal or unpredictable changes in ecological conditions or anthropogenic disturbance. Therefore, these localized sea ice conditions may increase caribou resiliency to changes or extreme events by providing alternative options for movement across the sea ice. We encourage others to consider the needs of wildlife sea ice users when assessing or providing ice information.
Developing Just-in-Time Video Resources to Support Online and Remote Teaching
Authors: Swann William
Published: March 2023

Universities have become accustomed to steady growth in their online programs. When the COVID pandemic began, most also faced the related challenge of a sudden need for emergency remote teaching. This article explores the development of concise demonstration videos to support online and remote faculty at a large Hispanic-serving Research 1 university in the southwestern US. The original purpose of the project was to meet the regular needs of growing online programs. However, the project began just before the local outbreak of COVID in early 2020 and morphed into support for the larger number of faculty facing emergency remote teaching as a new challenge. This design case examines the decision to develop just-in-time (JIT) video supports inhouse, the staff and technology resources involved, design moves during the development process, mid-course design adjustments, promotion of the completed resource, and subsequent faculty usage.
Productive Failure as a Method for Learning about Effective Collaborative Problem Solving
Authors: Buseyne Siem , Vrijdags Amelie , Raes Annelies
Published: March 2023

Collaborative Problem Solving (CPS) skills are receiving increased attention in the current workforce and in lifelong learning. In learning and labor contexts, successful teamwork is however not always guaranteed, due to several reasons, such as an unequal level of individual participation. Training in CPS for all groups is therefore needed. However, resources for CPS competence development are scarce. As part of our project entitled Supporting Teamwork in Ambient Learning Spaces (STEAMS), we, therefore, designed an interactive professional training on CPS, in which CPS is perceived both as a method and as a goal. In this paper, we outline the design process of our CPS training along with some crucial decisions we needed to make, and we aim to illustrate how implementing productive failure in the learning design can foster adults’ CPS-competencies development.
Proximity Protein Labeling In Dictyostelium With Engineered Ascorbic Acid Peroxidase 2
Authors: Takashima Jamie , Woroniecka Helena , Charest Pascale
Published: March 2023

To fully understand any cellular process, we not only need to identify the proteins implicated, but also how the protein network is structurally and spatially organized and changes over time. However, the dynamic nature of many protein interactions involved in cellular signaling pathways continues to be the bottleneck in mapping and studying protein networks. Fortunately, a recently developed proximity labeling method using engineered ascorbic acid peroxidase 2 (APEX2) in mammalian cells allows the identification of weak and/or transient protein interactions with spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we describe a protocol for successfully using the APEX2-proximity labeling method in Dictyostelium, using the cAMP receptor cAR1 as example. Coupled to the identification of the labeled proteins by mass spectrometry, this method expands Dictyostelium’s proteomics toolbox and should be widely useful for identifying interacting partners involved in a variety of biological processes in Dictyostelium.
Diagnóstico serológico de Fasciola hepatica en ovinos de Boavita (Colombia)
Authors: Bulla-Castañeda Diana-María , Ortiz-Pineda Melissa-Camila , Cruz-Estupiñan Sharon-Elizabeth , Lopez-Buitrago Henrry-Alexander , Lancheros-Buitrago Deisy-Johana , Giraldo-Forero Julio-Cesar , Garcia-Corredor Diego-Jose , Pulido-Medellin Martin-Orlando
Published: March 2023

La fasciolosis es una enfermedad de distribución mundial causada por el trematodo Fasciola hepática, que afecta bovinos, ovinos, caprinos y en ocasiones al ser humano, causando importantes pérdidas económicas y productivas. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la seroprevalencia de F. hepatica en ovinos de Boavita, Boyacá, Colombia. Se realizó un estudio observacional y descriptivo de corte (transversal) con muestreo aleatorio simple, en donde el tamaño muestral fue de 297 ovinos. Los sueros fueron procesados con el kit comercial ELISA BIO K 211-Monoscreen AbELISA F. hepatica, siguiendo las instrucciones del fabricante. El análisis de los resultados se realizó con el programa estadístico Epi Info™. Se determinó una seroprevalencia general de 67.34 % en donde los machos, los ovinos mayores de 3 años y las ovejas de raza criolla presentaron la seroprevalencia más alta, con 77.78, 83.33 y 64.79% respectivamente. Se estableció asociación estadística significativa entre la seropositividad a F. hepatica y los ovinos de 1 a 3 años y los individuos mayores 3 años. Este grupo etario se estableció como factor de riesgo para la presentación de fasciolosis, mientras que las ovejas entre 1 y 3 años se consideraron como factor de protección. Las variables de manejo como pastoreo extensivo y de estaca también presentaron significancia estadística, siendo este último un factor de protección para la parasitosis. Nuestros hallazgos evidencian la diseminación de la infección por F. hepatica en ejemplares ovinos y confirman la importancia de los métodos serológicos para el diagnóstico de la enfermedad.
Growth performance, intestinal morphology, and carcass traits in broiler chicken fed Conocarpus erectus leaf meal
Authors: Al-qazzaz M. F. , Humam A. M. , AI- Mashhadani H. A. , Aljumaili O. A. , Ezzat H. N.
Published: March 2023

This study evaluated the effects of adding Conocarpus erectus leaf meal to the diet on the perfor-mance, carcass traits, organ weights, and intestinal morphology of broiler chicken. A total of 396 one-day-old Ross 308 broilers were assigned to nine treatments, which included 0, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25%, 1.5%, 1.75%, and 2% C. erectus leaf meal addition to the broiler diet. Feed and bird weights were recorded weekly. On slaughter day, the weights of carcasses and organs were individual-ly reported using a digital scale as well as the intestine samples were pooled for tissue analysis. High levels of C. erectus leaf meal reduced (P<0.01) body weight, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. The basal diet and 0.25% C. erectus leaf meal diet reported higher (P<0.01) body weight and body weight gain than did the other treatments. Birds fed 0.25% C. erectus leaf meal supplementation performed similarly to those fed the basal diet. Significantly, with increasing amounts of C. erectus leaf meal in the diets, there was a linear slope decrease in live weight and body weight gain as well as a linear slope rise in the values of feed intake and feed conversion ratio. Carcass trait and relative organ weights were not altered among the dietary treatments. Feeding 1% C. erectus leaf meal diet decreased (P<0.01) relative abdominal fat weight compared to birds fed the control diet. Birds fed dietary C. erectus treatments had higher (P<0.01) villus height, villus width, crypt depth, and lower villus height/crypt depth ratio than did birds fed the control diet. In conclusion, the study indicated that feeding 0.25% C. erectus leaf meal showed no deleterious effects on the growth performance of the broiler. Growth performance and intestinal morphology were linearly reduced when broilers were fed up 2% of C. erectus meal.
Birleşmiş Milletler 2030 Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedeflerinin Ulusal Kamu Politikalarına Dönüştürülmesi Çerçevesinde Bölgesel Kalkınma Planlarının Rolü
Authors: Akbulut Fatih , Çölgeçen Barış
Published: March 2023

Bölgesel kalkınmanın günümüzde sadece ekonomik gelişmeden ibaret olmadığı, iktisadi boyuta sahip olmanın yanı sıra sosyolojik, çevresel ve yönetsel boyutları da içerdiği akademik ve yönetsel düzeylerde genel kabul görmektedir. Söz konusu boyutlarıyla kalkınma ancak sürdürülebilir olduğunda nitelikli bir anlam kazanmaktadır. Bölgesel kalkınma politikalarının da sürdürülebilir niteliğe sahip olması ve sürdürülebilir kalkınma politikalarındaki küresel gündem ve hedefleri takip etmesi beklenir. Bu çerçevede, bölgesel kalkınma planlarında sürdürülebilir bölgesel kalkınma gündem ve hedeflerinin ana eksen olması önemli bir husus olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Yönetişim modeli esas alınarak ihdas edilmiş bölgesel kalkınma ajanslarının, küresel sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedeflerini bölge planlarında ana eksene yerleştirmesi ve küyerelleşme (glocalization) çerçevesinde bu konudaki küresel gündem ve hedefleri yerel boyutta harekete geçirmesi beklenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, örneklem olarak belirlenmiş olan İstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı, Doğu Marmara Kalkınma Ajansı, Güney Marmara Kalkınma Ajansı, Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik Kalkınma Ajansı ve Trakya Kalkınma Ajansı tarafından 2014-2023 yılları arasını kapsayacak şekilde hazırlanan bölge planları içerik analizi yöntemi çerçevesinde Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından kabul edilen 2030 Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri açısından incelenmiştir.
Çin Dış Politikasında Süreklilik ve Değişim
Authors: Akdağ Zekeriyya
Published: March 2023

1949 yılında kurulan Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti, uluslararası politikadaki rolünü sürekli bir şekilde artırabilmeyi başardı. 2000’li yıllardan itibaren Çin küresel bir aktör ve güç haline geldi. Çin'in dünya ekonomisinde ve siyasetinde giderek artan bir etkisi bulunmaktadır. Ekonomik ve askeri gücü arttıkça Çin’in bölgesel ve küresel bir hakimiyet arayışında olma ihtimali çok sayıda aktörü tedirgin etmektedir. Bu nedenle Çin'in bölgesel ve küresel politikalarını anlamak büyük önem arz etmektedir. Çin küresel bir güç haline geldikçe, ülkenin dış politikasına yönelik belirsizlikler artmaktadır. 1978’ten itibaren uluslararası sistemle entegre olmaya çalışan Çin, artık mevcut uluslararası örgütlere alternatif oluşturabilecek girişimlerden kaçınmamaktadır. Son yıllarda dış politikada sert söylemler kullanmaktan kaçınmayan Çin, giderek daha iddialı bir tutum benimseye başladı. Çin’in tutum ve davranışlarında ne ölçüde değişim olduğu ve bunların ne ölçüde süreklilik arz ettiği merak konusudur. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Çin’in dış politika amaç, strateji ve araçlarında süreklilik arz eden ve değişim gösteren unsurları belirlemektir. Çalışmada Çin dış politikasındaki genel eğilimler analiz edilmektedir. Çin’in son dönem dış politikasında yaşanan değişimlerin daha çok söylem düzeyinde kaldığı tespit edilmektedir. Bu değişimlerin, ülkenin geleneksel dış politika eğilimlerinden ciddi bir sapma olarak değerlendirilemeyeceği sonucuna varmaktadır. Aşağılanma yüzyılının kayıplarının telefi edilmesi ve Çin komünist partisinin iktidarının korunması gibi Çin dış politikasında süreklilik arz eden unsurları hala geçerli olduğu görülmektedir.
2022 Fransa Başkanlık Seçimlerindeki Temel Dinamik: Popülizm
Authors: Yıldırım Galip Emre
Published: March 2023

Öz
Nisan 2022’de gerçekleşen Fransa Başkanlık seçimleri, sonuçları itibariyle birçok açıdan Fransız siyaseti
için dönüm noktası niteliğindedir. 2022 seçimleri, Macron’un tekrar seçilmesiyle, Fransa’da 2017’den
itibaren başlayan siyasi dönüşümün artık pekiştiğini gösteren bir unsurdur. Bu siyasi dönüşüm, iki
yeni kamp üzerinden gelişimini sürdürmektedir. Buna göre ulusçular ve enternasyonalistler Fransız
siyasetinde yükselen iki akım olarak belirmektedir. Ana akım sağ ve sol partilerin seçmenleri ikna
edici siyaset üretememesi nedeniyle, radikal sağ ve radikal sol partiler popülist stratejilerle 2017’den
bu yana oy oranlarını yükseltmektedirler. Söz konusu çalışmada merkez sağ ve merkez sol partilerin
seçmenleri ikna edici siyaset üretememesi nedeniyle, radikal sol ve radikal sağ partilerin popülist
stratejilerle Fransız siyasetini dönüştürücü etkisi irdelenmektedir. Çalışmada popülizm kavramı teorik
olarak tartışılmıştır. Çalışmanın hipotezlerinin doğrulanması için nitel araştırma yöntemiyle toplanan
veriler, seçim sonuçlarından elde edilen istatistiki verilerle birlikte incelenmiştir. Buna göre, 2022
seçimlerine katılan adayların programları ve seçim stratejileri nitel yöntemle karşılaştırmalı içerik
analizine tabii tutulmuştur. Merkez sağ ve merkez solun siyaset üretememesi sonucunda, iki türlü seçim
davranışının ortaya çıktığı görülmüştür: Seçmenlerin bir kısmı mevcut siyasi ortamı protesto ederek
oy kullanmama eğilimi gösterirken, bir kısmı da radikal ideolojilere karşı baraj oluşturma davranışını
içselleştirmektedir. Sonuç olarak belirsiz bir ideolojik duruş sergileyen ve sonrasında sağ siyasi kanada
kayan Macron rahat bir şekilde başkan seçilebilmektedir.
Fascist Discourses in the Single-Party Period: The Case of 1942 Wealth Tax in the Cumhuriyet Newspaper
Authors: Subay Özlem Özdeşim , Polat Ferihan , Dikbaş Torun Emel
Published: March 2023

Fascism, which sometimes defends racial superiority through its emphasis on consanguinity, often makes the distinction between “us” and “them” in the form of discriminatory language in daily life. Despite the Single Party Period in Turkey between 1923 and 1950 being characterized as an authoritarian regime, some implications during World War II as the Wealth Tax Law are claimed to contain fascist components. Though it mainly covers the commercial bourgeoisie, subsidiary farmers, some claims state that this tax targeted non-Muslims and Jewish people especially. The aim of this study is to understand whether the Single Party Period in Turkey produced fascist discourse in ordinary daily life in the case of the Wealth Tax Law. For this purpose, in this study the news texts and articles about the 1942 Wealth Tax Law in the newspaper Cumhuriyet are examined using a discourse–historical approach with the strategies of predication and argumentation.
A new species of the red alga Erythrotrichia (Erythropeltales, Rhodophyta) from Korea: Erythrotrichia johnawestii sp. nov. and observations in culture
Authors: Wen Xianying , Zuccarello Giuseppe C. , Shim Eunyoung , Kim Soo Yeon , Kim Gwang Hoon
Published: March 2023

Four species of Erythrotrichia (E. biseriata, E. reflexa, E. tetraseriata, E. carnea) have been reported in Korea, but phylogenetic studies have not been conducted on them. We analyzed two newly collected Erythrotrichia isolates using rbcL DNA sequences and determined their species status using four DNA-based species delimitation methods. One isolate (KNU-1) grouped with E. carnea in three methods: Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning, both single-threshold and multiple-threshold general mixed yule coalescent, but grouped as a distinct species in the statistical parsimony network analysis. A second isolate (KNU-2) was considered a distinct species in all the above species-delimitation methods. We propose the name, Erythrotrichia johnawestii sp. nov., for this new species. The new species was different from E. carnea in lacking a thick outer cell wall layer and with a smaller cell size. Mature monosporangia produced raised openings that released monospores. Cell walls were not detected in newly released monospores but began to appear when the spore attached to the substratum and produced rhizoids. Sexual reproduction was not observed during the four-year culture period.
PrintAssist—a conversational human-machine interface for 3D printers
Authors: Jasche Florian , Weber Philip , Liu Shi , Ludwig Thomas
Published: March 2023

3D printers are no longer found only in industry, universities or makerspaces but now are increasingly used in domestic settings. Personal fabrication will increase in the coming years, and 3D printing will play an important role in this process. Due to technology and price development, 3D printers are becoming established among casual users at home. However, there are still many hurdles in the use of 3D printers that interfere with their appropriation in everyday life. In this paper, we investigate how chatbots can overcome these hurdles and support onboarding to 3D printing. Furthermore, we explore how chatbots can be used as a human–machine interface and facilitate interaction with 3D printers for both novice and expert users. In a research-through-design approach, we have created a fully functional chatbot that introduces users to 3D printing and helps them perform typical tasks when operating 3D printers.
Two-stage adsorber design for malachite green and methylene blue removal using adsorbents derived from banana peel
Authors: Pua Eng Hock , Mohd Faizal Azrul Nurfaiz , Lawal Sirajo , Zaini Muhammad Abbas Ahmad
Published: March 2023

This work was aimed at evaluating the adsorptive characteristics and two-stage adsorber design of banana peel adsorbents for malachite green and methylene blue removal. The adsorbents were characterized for specific surface, functional groups, and morphology. Activated carbon and hydrochar activated carbon exhibit similar textural and surface properties, but different capacities of malachite green and methylene blue. The latter with surface area of 877 m2/g endows a greater malachite green removal at 582 mg/g, while the former with surface area of 897 m2/g displays a higher methylene blue capacity of 503 mg/g. The Langmuir model was employed in a two-stage adsorber design. The second stage of adsorber is necessary to accomplish the adsorption process with high performance and minimum dosage of activated carbon.
Perspectives of student incivility in the online learning environment and social media platforms
Authors: Guy Misty , Miller Kristina S. , Barinas Jennifer , Breazeale Haidi
Published: March 2023

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to examine student and faculty perspectives of student incivility in the online learning environment and social media platforms and to describe the participants’ recommendations for promoting civility.

Methods

Mixed-method design was used to collect data from a convenience sample of students and faculty in a nursing program in the Southeast United States.

Results

53 faculty members and 203 nursing students participated, and the majority agreed that incivility is a problem to some degree. Several themes emerged for effectively promoting civility.

Conclusions

Incivility is a problem, but students and faculty believe the use of proactive strategies may be effective in promoting civility. Implications for International Audience: As more nursing programs move to the OLE, even if temporarily as occurred during the pandemic, coupled with the increase in social media use, there is need to recognize and implement strategies to thwart the incidence of incivility.
Retrospective analysis of whole-body cryotherapy adverse effects in Division I collegiate athletes
Authors: Kelly Emily A. , Forootan Nazilla Seyed , Checketts Jake X. , Frank Austin , Tangen Christopher L.
Published: March 2023

Context

Although the physiological effects and the performance of athletes after utilizing whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) have been widely studied, there is a lack of data on its adverse effects. It is important to be aware of the adverse effects of any treatment for its use to be properly recommended.

Objectives

This study aims to provide insight to any adverse effects that collegiate athletes experienced after utilizing WBC to better utilize this therapeutic modality.

Methods

After the Institutional Review Board (IRB) deemed exemption, all 457 Division 1-A varsity athletes were recruited via email to participate in a retrospective survey. Participants consented to the study by continuing to the questions. The inclusion criteria were that they must be 18 years of age or older, had completed WBC at that university, and were a student-athlete. The survey was six questions long, and if any of the inclusion criteria was not met, they were redirected to end the survey. The data were analyzed utilizing odds ratios.

Results

Of the 457 student-athletes, 11.2% (n=51) responded and 6.3% (n=29) met the inclusion criteria. Responses were obtained from women’s lacrosse (27.6%; n=8), women’s gymnastics (24.1%, n=7), field hockey (17.2%, n=5), wrestling (6.9%, n=2), football (6.9%, n=2), women’s cross country (3.5%, n=1), men’s basketball (3.5%, n=1), women’s volleyball (3.5%, n=1), softball (3.5%, n=1), and baseball (3.5%, n=1). Among the responses, 79.3% (n=23) were females and 29.7% (n=6) were males. Within 1 h of WBC, the most frequently reported adverse effects were skin rash (27.6%, n=8), itching (13.8%, n=4), and fatigue (6.9%, n=2). More than 1 h after WBC, the most frequently reported adverse effects were skin rash (20.7%, n=6), itching (10.3%, n=3), and increased energy (6.9%, n=2). When stratified by female and male athletes, for both within 1 h and more than 1 h after WBC, there were increased odds for females reporting adverse effects; however, neither were statistically significant (OR 4.58, p=0.19, 95% CI 0.46 to 45.61) (OR 3.84, p=0.25, 95% CI 0.39 to 38.36). Within 1 h of WBC, 58.6% (n=17) of subjects reported no adverse effects, and more than 1 h after WBC, 65.5% (n=19) subjects reported no adverse effects. The mean satisfaction level rating was 6.34 (range 0–10, n=29). When asked if they would do WBC again, 65.5% (n=19) responded “yes” and 34.5% (n=10) responded “no.”

Conclusions

In this collegiate athlete population, negative adverse effects of WBC commonly included skin burns and itching while potentially proving a beneficial adverse effect of increased energy. Subjects commonly reported no adverse effects after WBC treatment as well.
Numerical simulation of subcooled flow boiling for nuclear engineering applications using OpenFOAM
Authors: Yang Zhi , Herb Joachim
Published: March 2023

This work is focused on the development and validation of models and methods for the simulation of wall boiling in nuclear engineering applications with the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code OpenFOAM. The new chtMultiRegionReactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam solver was developed based on the reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam solver of OpenFOAM Foundation version 7. The solver is used for the simulation of two-phase flow under consideration of wall boiling and conjugate heat transfer (CHT) between solid structure and two-phase fluid regions. The Euler–Euler approach for two-phase flows was used. The heat flux during wall boiling was calculated with the help of the extended Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute wall heat flux partitioning model, in which the convective heat flux between solid wall and two-phase flow with high void fractions was also considered. The solver was validated against experimental data from the OECD/NEA PWR Subchannel and Bundle Tests benchmark. This Nuclear Power Energy Corporation (NUPEC) database provides data for different fuel assembly subchannel geometries at different thermal-hydraulic conditions. 10 experimental runs with different boundary conditions of the benchmark exercise I-1 were simulated with the chtMultiRegionReactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam solver. The solver showed good numerical stability in all examined cases, which captured different boiling regimes with up to cross-section averaged void fractions of 0.6. The results were compared with measured data for the averaged over the cross-section of the investigated geometry void fractions. Good agreement with experimental data was observed.
The name-bearing type is essential for the objective identification of a taxonomic name: the message from the lectotypification of Lemmus obensis bungei
Authors: Kryštufek Boris , Shenbrot Georgy I.
Published: March 2023

We looked at lectotype designations by Baranova and Gromov from among syntypes in the Mammal Collection of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ZIN) in St. Petersburg, Russia. We identified 20 lectotypifications, published in 2003, which do not accord to Articles 74.7.3 and/or 74.1.3 of the Code and are therefore invalid. Particularly instructive is the case of Lemmus obensis bungei Vinogradov, B.S. (1924). Two new interesting lemmings from Siberia. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 9: 186–188, since its syntypes originated from two allopatric phylogenetic lineages which were classified as distinct nominal taxa. Because the act of lectotypification by Baranova and Gromov does not contain an express statement of deliberate designation as is requested by the amended Article 74.7.3 of the Code, their designation is not valid. To secure the nomenclatural stability of Siberian lemmings we designate voucher ZIN 11,025 (skin and skull from Sagastyr Island) as the lectotype of Lemmus obensis bungei. The name bungei thus defined is a junior synonym of Lemmus lemmus sibiricus (Kerr, R. (1792). The animal kingdom […] of the celebrated Sir Charles Linnæus. Class I. Mammalia, J. Murray, London) with a range at the shores of the Arctic Ocean, between the Northern Dvina and Lena Rivers. We furthermore provide a list of all invalid lectotypifications of hamsters (Cricetinae) and voles (Arvicolinae) based on ZIN syntypes.
Attention-consuming or attention-saving: an eye tracking study on punctuation in Chinese subtitling of English trailers
Authors: Cui Ying , Liu Xiao , Cheng Yuqin
Published: March 2023

Chinese subtitling of English trailers is essential for marketing foreign films in China, and there is a need to focus on audience reception. Ideal subtitles are expected to provide a necessary aid to the audience but to attract as little attention as possible. Paralinguistic factors like punctuation can influence the audience’s attention and reception. Therefore, this study aims to explore the impact of punctuation on a Chinese audience’s attention distribution between subtitles and visuals via the eye tracking technique. We recruited 62 participants and selected ten English trailers for films to be released. We prepared two parallel Chinese versions for each trailer, one using punctuation marks and the other using spaces. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups to watch the two versions respectively and filled out a questionnaire afterwards to rate their desire to watch those films. Data analyses show that, while punctuation does not have a significant impact on participants’ attitudes towards the films, the version without punctuation causes less fixation on subtitles, implying that omitting punctuation marks can ensure more attention to the visual and hence a better viewing experience.
Vibration response of functionally graded material sandwich plates with elliptical cutouts and geometric imperfections under the mixed boundary conditions
Authors: Singh Dheer , Gupta Ankit
Published: March 2023

The present article investigates the effect of elliptical cutouts and geometric imperfections on the vibrational response of functionally graded material (FGM) sandwich plates. Generalised governing equations for the sandwich FGM (SFGM) plate are derived based on non-polynomial higher-order shear deformation theory. Geometric discontinuities have been incorporated as elliptical cutouts in the plates, and the various geometric imperfections are modelled using the generic function. The mathematical modelling has been carried out using the C0 continuity isoparametric finite element formulation by considering four-noded elements with seven degrees of freedoms per node. Convergence and validation studies have been performed to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the present methodology. The influence of volume fraction index, geometric imperfections, and elliptical cutouts on the vibrational frequency of SFGM plates have been analysed under the mixed boundary conditions.
Genossenschaftliche Belletristik
Authors: Kluge Arnd
Published: March 2023

Co-operatives were the only group of enterprises, which used belletristic literature systematically for propaganda purposes. This essay analyses lyrics, dramas, novels and short stories of German co-operatives between the 1880s and 1950s. It examines the co-operative contents of the sources and the tendencies of the surrounding society reflected in them. Furthermore, the study discusses whether the aims of the co-operative organizations were reached, and why the project was terminated in the 1950s.
Von Offizieren und Managern: Reproduktion und Transformation einer Elite
Authors: Elbe Martin
Published: March 2023

The professional development of Bundeswehr officers today is almost emblematic of the careers of executives as part of a management elite. On the one hand, officers make careers within the military (in their traditional field), but on the other hand, the majority of officers leave the Bundeswehr after a few years and then pursue a civilian career path. How do the members of the officer corps recruit themselves and how do their military and civilian careers develop afterwards? The article investigates these references on the basis of empirical material.
Threat and Reward Imminence Processing in the Human Brain
Authors: Murty Dinavahi V.P.S. , Song Songtao , Surampudi Srinivas Govinda , Pessoa Luiz
Published: March 2023

In the human brain, aversive and appetitive processing have been studied with controlled stimuli in rather static settings. In addition, the extent to which aversive-related and appetitive-related processing engage distinct or overlapping circuits remains poorly understood. Here, we sought to investigate the dynamics of aversive and appetitive processing while male and female participants engaged in comparable trials involving threat avoidance or reward seeking. A central goal was to characterize the temporal evolution of responses during periods of threat or reward imminence. For example, in the aversive domain, we predicted that the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST), but not the amygdala, would exhibit anticipatory responses given the role of the former in anxious apprehension. We also predicted that the periaqueductal gray (PAG) would exhibit threat-proximity responses based on its involvement in proximal-threat processes, and that the ventral striatum would exhibit threat-imminence responses given its role in threat escape in rodents. Overall, we uncovered imminence-related temporally increasing (“ramping”) responses in multiple brain regions, including the BST, PAG, and ventral striatum, subcortically, and dorsal anterior insula and anterior midcingulate, cortically. Whereas the ventral striatum generated anticipatory responses in the proximity of reward as expected, it also exhibited threat-related imminence responses. In fact, across multiple brain regions, we observed a main effect of arousal. In other words, we uncovered extensive temporally evolving, imminence-related processing in both the aversive and appetitive domain, suggesting that distributed brain circuits are dynamically engaged during the processing of biologically relevant information regardless of valence, findings further supported by network analysis.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn the human brain, aversive and appetitive processing have been studied with controlled stimuli in rather static settings. Here, we sought to investigate the dynamics of aversive/appetitive processing while participants engaged in trials involving threat avoidance or reward seeking. A central goal was to characterize the temporal evolution of responses during periods of threat or reward imminence. We uncovered imminence-related temporally increasing (“ramping”) responses in multiple brain regions, including the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, periaqueductal gray, and ventral striatum, subcortically, and dorsal anterior insula and anterior midcingulate, cortically. Overall, we uncovered extensive temporally evolving, imminence-related processing in both the aversive and appetitive domain, suggesting that distributed brain circuits are dynamically engaged during the processing of biologically relevant information regardless of valence.
FAM69C functions as a kinase for eIF2α and promotes stress granule assembly
Authors: Wu Zhongyan , Mei Fan , Gan Yangyang , Liu Anhang , Hu Jiapan , Jin Yan , Yin Yuxin
Published: March 2023

Stress granules are dynamic cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granules that assemble in response to cellular stress. Aberrant formation of stress granules has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation of stress granules remain elusive. Here we report that the brain‐enriched protein kinase FAM69C promotes stress granule assembly through phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α). FAM69C physically interacts with eIF2α and functions as a stress‐specific kinase for eIF2α, leading to stress‐induced protein translation arrest and stress granule assembly. Primary microglia derived from Fam69c knockout mice exhibit aberrant stress granule assembly in response to oxidative stress and ATP. Defective stress granule assembly in microglia correlates with the formation of ASC specks and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, whereas induction of stress granule precludes inflammasome formation. Consistently, increased NLRP3 levels, caspase‐1 cleavage and Il18 expression corroborate microglia‐associated neuroinflammation in aged Fam69c knockout mice. Our study demonstrates that FAM69C is critical for stress granule assembly and suggests its role in the regulation of microglia function.