bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolite profiling and network analysis reveal coordinated changes in grapevine water stress response
Authors: Hochberg Uri , Degu Asfaw , Toubiana David , Gendler Tanya , Nikoloski Zoran , Rachmilevitch Shimon , Fait Aaron
Published: November 2013

Background

Grapevine metabolism in response to water deficit was studied in two cultivars, Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon, which were shown to have different hydraulic behaviors (Hochberg et al. Physiol. Plant.147:443–453, 2012).

Results

Progressive water deficit was found to effect changes in leaf water potentials accompanied by metabolic changes. In both cultivars, but more intensively in Shiraz than Cabernet Sauvignon, water deficit caused a shift to higher osmolality and lower C/N ratios, the latter of which was also reflected in marked increases in amino acids, e.g., Pro, Val, Leu, Thr and Trp, reductions of most organic acids, and changes in the phenylpropanoid pathway. PCA analysis showed that changes in primary metabolism were mostly associated with water stress, while diversification of specialized metabolism was mostly linked to the cultivars. In the phloem sap, drought was characterized by higher ABA concentration and major changes in benzoate levels coinciding with lower stomatal conductance and suberinization of vascular bundles. Enhanced suberin biosynthesis in Shiraz was reflected by the higher abundance of sap hydroxybenzoate derivatives. Correlation-based network analysis revealed that compared to Cabernet Sauvignon, Shiraz had considerably larger and highly coordinated stress-related changes, reflected in its increased metabolic network connectivity under stress. Network analysis also highlighted the structural role of major stress related metabolites, e.g., Pro, quercetin and ascorbate, which drastically altered their connectedness in the Shiraz network under water deficit.

Conclusions

Taken together, the results showed thatVitis viniferacultivars possess a common metabolic response to water deficit. Central metabolism, and specifically N metabolism, plays a significant role in stress response in vine. At the cultivar level, Cabernet Sauvignon was characterized by milder metabolic perturbations, likely due to a tighter regulation of stomata upon stress induction. Network analysis was successfully implemented to characterize plant stress molecular response and to identify metabolites with a significant structural and biological role in vine stress response.
Direct selective growth of ZnO nanowire arrays from inkjet-printed zinc acetate precursor on a heated substrate
Authors: Kwon Jinhyeong , Hong Sukjoon , Lee Habeom , Yeo Junyeob , Lee Seung S , Ko Seung Hwan
Published: November 2013

Inkjet printing of functional materials has drawn tremendous interest as an alternative to the conventional photolithography-based microelectronics fabrication process development. We introduce direct selective nanowire array growth by inkjet printing of Zn acetate precursor ink patterning and subsequent hydrothermal ZnO local growth without nozzle clogging problem which frequently happens in nanoparticle inkjet printing. The proposed process can directly grow ZnO nanowires in any arbitrary patterned shape, and it is basically very fast, low cost, environmentally benign, and low temperature. Therefore, Zn acetate precursor inkjet printing-based direct nanowire local growth is expected to give extremely high flexibility in nanomaterial patterning for high-performance electronics fabrication especially at the development stage. As a proof of concept of the proposed method, ZnO nanowire network-based field effect transistors and ultraviolet photo-detectors were demonstrated by direct patterned grown ZnO nanowires as active layer.
Isolation of a novel mutant gene for soil-surface rooting in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Hanzawa Eiko , Sasaki Kazuhiro , Nagai Shinsei , Obara Mitsuhiro , Fukuta Yoshimichi , Uga Yusaku , Miyao Akio , Hirochika Hirohiko , Higashitani Atsushi , Maekawa Masahiko , Sato Tadashi
Published: November 2013

Background

Root system architecture is an important trait affecting the uptake of nutrients and water by crops. Shallower root systems preferentially take up nutrients from the topsoil and help avoid unfavorable environments in deeper soil layers. We have found a soil-surface rooting mutant from an M2 population that was regenerated from seed calli of a japonica rice cultivar, Nipponbare. In this study, we examined the genetic and physiological characteristics of this mutant.

Results

The primary roots of the mutant showed no gravitropic response from the seedling stage on, whereas the gravitropic response of the shoots was normal. Segregation analyses by using an F2 population derived from a cross between the soil-surface rooting mutant and wild-type Nipponbare indicated that the trait was controlled by a single recessive gene, designated as sor1. Fine mapping by using an F2 population derived from a cross between the mutant and an indica rice cultivar, Kasalath, revealed that sor1 was located within a 136-kb region between the simple sequence repeat markers RM16254 and 2935-6 on the terminal region of the short arm of chromosome 4, where 13 putative open reading frames (ORFs) were found. We sequenced these ORFs and detected a 33-bp deletion in one of them, Os04g0101800. Transgenic plants of the mutant transformed with the genomic fragment carrying the Os04g0101800 sequence from Nipponbare showed normal gravitropic responses and no soil-surface rooting.

Conclusion

These results suggest that sor1, a rice mutant causing soil-surface rooting and altered root gravitropic response, is allelic to Os04g0101800, and that a 33-bp deletion in the coding region of this gene causes the mutant phenotypes.
Dynamic Rheological Properties of Sodium Pyrophosphate-Modified Bentonite Suspensions for Liquefaction Mitigation
Authors: Yoon Jisuk , El Mohtar Chadi
Published: November 2013

The delivery of plastic fines such as bentonite into loose saturated granular soil deposits is an effective method for mitigating the liquefaction phenomenon. While the bentonite should be injected into the deposits in the form of a concentrated suspension, such application is limited in practice because of the low mobility of the suspension. The initial mobility of the bentonite suspension should be managed in order to increase the penetration depth. On the other hand, the suspension needs to maintain its thixotropic nature to improve the resistance of the treated soils under cyclic loading over time. The objective of the present study was to investigate the dynamic rheological properties of the bentonite suspensions modified with an ionic additive, sodium pyrophosphate (SPP), to evaluate a possible application of the modified suspensions in mitigation of liquefaction. In the present study, the storage and loss modulus of SPP-modified bentonite suspensions were measured using a strain-sweep (oscillatory shear) technique. Bentonite suspensions with clay contents of 5, 7.5, 10, and 12 wt.% (by total weight of suspension) were tested at various SPP concentrations (0 to 4 wt.% by weight of dry bentonite). The time-dependent behavior of the suspensions was evaluated with a critical storage modulus at various resting times (0 to 480 h). The results showed that the initial critical storage modulus decreased significantly with increasing SPP concentrations, but the reduced critical storage modulus increased gradually with resting times. This initial reduction in critical storage modulus is attributed to a reduction of the inter-aggregated 3-D networks due to the presence of SPP; the amount of 3-D network formed in a suspension governs the critical storage modulus. With time, the networks are formed gradually, resulting in recovery of critical storage modulus. The normalized modulus was degraded more slowly in the modified suspensions than in the unmodified suspensions, which is a desirable property of the suspensions for mitigation of liquefaction.
Circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, IRS1 Variant rs2943641, and Insulin Resistance: Replication of a Gene–Nutrient Interaction in 4 Populations of Different Ancestries
Authors: Zheng Ju-Sheng , Parnell Laurence D , Smith Caren E , Lee Yu-Chi , Jamal-Allial Aziza , Ma Yiyi , Li Duo , Tucker Katherine L , Ordovás José M , Lai Chao-Qiang
Published: November 2013

BACKGROUND

Associations of either insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) variants or circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and insulin resistance (IR) are inconsistent. This study sought to determine whether circulating 25(OH)D modulates the association of a potentially functional variant at IRS1 (rs2943641) with insulin resistance.

METHOD

Interaction between IRS1 rs2943641 and circulating 25(OH)D on homeostasis model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR) was examined in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS) (n = 1144). Replication was performed in the African-American (n = 1126), non-Hispanic white (n = 1967), and Hispanic (n = 1241) populations of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) with genotypes of 3 IRS1 variants, rs2972144, rs1515104, and rs2673142, which are tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and in strong linkage disequilibrium with rs2943641.

RESULTS

Higher circulating 25(OH)D was associated with lower risk of T2D and IR in BPRHS women homozygous for minor allele rs2943641T. Consistently, in each of 3 MESA populations, HOMA-IR and insulin decreased more evidently with higher circulating 25(OH)D in women of the rs2943641TT genotype than in carriers of the major allele (rs2943641C). Metaanalysis indicated significant and consistent interactions between circulating 25(OH)D and IRS1 variants on HOMA-IR (log transformed) [pooled β = −0.008, 95% CI: −0.016 to −0.001, P interaction = 0.004] and insulin (log transformed) (pooled β = −0.006, 95% CI: −0.011 to −0.002, P interaction = 0.023) in 3065 women of the 4 populations.

CONCLUSIONS

Participants with different genotypes of IRS1 rs2943641 exhibit differential benefit from high circulating 25(OH)D for the reduction of insulin resistance and T2D risk. This gene–nutrient interaction, which appears to be limited to women, warrants further examination in randomized controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation.
Language statistics and individual differences in processing primary metaphors
Authors: Hutchinson Sterling , Louwerse Max
Published: November 2013

Research in cognitive linguistics has emphasized the role of embodiment in metaphor comprehension, with experimental research showing activation of perceptual simulations when processing metaphors. Recent research in conceptual processing has demonstrated that findings attributed to embodied cognition can be explained through language statistics. The current study investigates whether language statistics explain processing of primary metaphors and whether this effect is modified by the gender of the participant. Participants saw word pairs with valence (Experiment 1: good–bad), authority (Experiment 2: doctor–patient), temperature (Experiment 3: hot–cold), or gender (Experiment 4: male–female) connotations. The pairs were presented in either a vertical configuration (X above Y or Y above X) matching the primary metaphors (e.g., HAPPY IS UP, CONTROL IS UP) or a horizontal configuration (X left of Y or Y left of X) not matching the primary metaphors. Even though previous research has argued that primary metaphor processing can best be explained by an embodied cognition account, results demonstrate that statistical linguistic frequencies also explain the response times of the stimulus pairs both in vertical and horizontal configurations, because language has encoded embodied relations. In addition, the effect of the statistical linguistic frequencies was modified by participant gender, with female participants being more sensitive to statistical linguistic context than male participants.
Premature rupture of membranes at term in low risk women: how long should we wait in the “latent phase”?
Authors: Pintucci Armando , Meregalli Virginio , Colombo Paolo , Fiorilli Angelo
Published: November 2013

Aim: How long the waiting time may be for the onset of spontaneous labor after prelabor rupture of fetal membranes at term (tPROM) remains controversial.

Methods: The study is an observational cohort study of 6032 women. All obstetric patients with no obstetric risk factors, other than tPROM, were included. The analysis focused on the onset of labor (spontaneous vs. induction), maternal morbidity [cesarean section (CS) and chorioamnionitis] and neonatal morbidity (suspected infection) related to a policy of waiting for the onset of spontaneous labor within 48 h of tPROM.

Results: tPROM was experienced by 1439 women. A careful clinical management shows a very low rate of clinical chorioamnionitis (2.3%) and neonatal infection rate (2.8%), even after 24 h from tPROM. The overall incidence of CS was 4.5%. Furthermore, a policy of waiting for the onset of spontaneous labor within 48 h of tPROM is associated with a low rate of CS, less than induced labor (OR=1.76; 95% confidence interval 1.03–3.02; P<0.004).

Conclusions: Fetal and/or maternal morbidity in tPROM women may not increase if there is a strict analysis of maternal and or fetal risk factors added to a careful clinical management. Moreover, it may be useful to wait for spontaneous labor in order to enhance the patient’s chance of vaginal delivery.
Similarity of fMRI Activity Patterns in Left Perirhinal Cortex Reflects Semantic Similarity between Words
Authors: Bruffaerts Rose , Dupont Patrick , Peeters Ronald , De Deyne Simon , Storms Gerrit , Vandenberghe Rik
Published: November 2013

How verbal and nonverbal visuoperceptual input connects to semantic knowledge is a core question in visual and cognitive neuroscience, with significant clinical ramifications. In an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment we determined how cosine similarity between fMRI response patterns to concrete words and pictures reflects semantic clustering and semantic distances between the represented entities within a single category. Semantic clustering and semantic distances between 24 animate entities were derived from a concept-feature matrix based on feature generation by >1000 subjects. In the main fMRI study, 19 human subjects performed a property verification task with written words and pictures and a low-level control task. The univariate contrast between the semantic and the control task yielded extensive bilateral occipitotemporal activation from posterior cingulate to anteromedial temporal cortex. Entities belonging to a same semantic cluster elicited more similar fMRI activity patterns in left occipitotemporal cortex. When words and pictures were analyzed separately, the effect reached significance only for words. The semantic similarity effect for words was localized to left perirhinal cortex. According to a representational similarity analysis of left perirhinal responses, semantic distances between entities correlated inversely with cosine similarities between fMRI response patterns to written words. An independent replication study in 16 novel subjects confirmed these novel findings. Semantic similarity is reflected by similarity of functional topography at a fine-grained level in left perirhinal cortex. The word specificity excludes perceptually driven confounds as an explanation and is likely to be task dependent.
Differential Spike Timing and Phase Dynamics of Reticular Thalamic and Prefrontal Cortical Neuronal Populations during Sleep Spindles
Authors: Gardner Richard J. , Hughes Stuart W. , Jones Matthew W.
Published: November 2013

The 8–15 Hz thalamocortical oscillations known as sleep spindles are a universal feature of mammalian non-REM sleep, during which they are presumed to shape activity-dependent plasticity in neocortical networks. The cortex is hypothesized to contribute to initiation and termination of spindles, but the mechanisms by which it implements these roles are unknown. We used dual-site local field potential and multiple single-unit recordings in the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of freely behaving rats at rest to investigate thalamocortical network dynamics during natural sleep spindles. During each spindle epoch, oscillatory activity in mPFC and TRN increased in frequency from onset to offset, accompanied by a consistent phase precession of TRN spike times relative to the cortical oscillation. In mPFC, the firing probability of putative pyramidal cells was highest at spindle initiation and termination times. We thus identified “early” and “late” cell subpopulations and found that they had distinct properties: early cells generally fired in synchrony with TRN spikes, whereas late cells fired in antiphase to TRN activity and also had higher firing rates than early cells. The accelerating and highly structured temporal pattern of thalamocortical network activity over the course of spindles therefore reflects the engagement of distinct subnetworks at specific times across spindle epochs. We propose that early cortical cells serve a synchronizing role in the initiation and propagation of spindle activity, whereas the subsequent recruitment of late cells actively antagonizes the thalamic spindle generator by providing asynchronous feedback.
Eye-Centered Representation of Optic Flow Tuning in the Ventral Intraparietal Area
Authors: Chen Xiaodong , DeAngelis Gregory C. , Angelaki Dora E.
Published: November 2013

Reference frames are important for understanding sensory processing in the cortex. Previous work showed that vestibular heading signals in the ventral intraparietal area (VIP) are represented in body-centered coordinates. In contrast, vestibular heading tuning in the medial superior temporal area (MSTd) is approximately head centered. We considered the hypothesis that visual heading signals (from optic flow) in VIP might also be transformed into a body-centered representation, unlike visual heading tuning in MSTd, which is approximately eye centered. We distinguished among eye-centered, head-centered, and body-centered spatial reference frames by systematically varying both eye and head positions while rhesus monkeys viewed optic flow stimuli depicting various headings. We found that heading tuning of VIP neurons based on optic flow generally shifted with eye position, indicating an eye-centered spatial reference frame. This is similar to the representation of visual heading signals in MSTd, but contrasts sharply with the body-centered representation of vestibular heading signals in VIP. These findings demonstrate a clear dissociation between the spatial reference frames of visual and vestibular signals in VIP, and emphasize that frames of reference for neurons in parietal cortex can depend on the type of sensory stimulation.
Impaired Spatial Memory in Mice Lacking CD3ζ Is Associated with Altered NMDA and AMPA Receptors Signaling Independent of T-Cell Deficiency
Authors: Louveau Antoine , Angibaud Julie , Haspot Fabienne , Opazo Maria Cecilia , Thinard Reynald , Thepenier Virginie , Baudouin Stéphane J. , Lescaudron Laurent , Hulin Philippe , Riedel Claudia A. , Boudin Hélène
Published: November 2013

The immunoreceptor-associated protein CD3ζ is known for its role in immunity and has also been implicated in neuronal development and synaptic plasticity. However, the mechanism by which CD3ζ regulates synaptic transmission remains unclear. In this study, we showed that mice lacking CD3ζ exhibited defects in spatial learning and memory as examined by the Barnes maze and object location memory tasks. Given that peripheral T cells have been shown to support cognitive functions and neural plasticity, we generated CD3ζ−/−mice in which the peripheral T cells were repopulated to a normal level by syngeneic bone marrow transplantation. Using this approach, we showed that T-cell replenishment in CD3ζ−/−mice did not restore spatial memory defects, suggesting that the cognitive deficits in CD3ζ−/−mice were most likely mediated through a T-cell-independent mechanism. In support of this idea, we showed that CD3ζ proteins were localized to glutamatergic postsynaptic sites, where they interacted with the NMDAR subunit GluN2A. Loss of CD3ζ in brain decreased GluN2A-PSD95 association and GluN2A synaptic localization. This effect was accompanied by a reduced interaction of GluN2A with the key NMDAR downstream signaling protein calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). Using the glycine-induced, NMDA-dependent form of chemical long-term potentiation (LTP) in cultured cortical neurons, we showed that CD3ζ was required for activity-dependent CaMKII autophosphorylation and for the synaptic recruitment of the AMPAR subunit GluA1. Together, these results support the model that the procognitive function of CD3ζ may be mediated through its involvement in the NMDAR downstream signaling pathway leading to CaMKII-dependent LTP induction.
Attention Sharpens the Distinction between Expected and Unexpected Percepts in the Visual Brain
Authors: Jiang Jiefeng , Summerfield Christopher , Egner Tobias
Published: November 2013

Attention, the prioritization of goal-relevant stimuli, and expectation, the modulation of stimulus processing by probabilistic context, represent the two main endogenous determinants of visual cognition. Neural selectivity in visual cortex is enhanced for both attended and expected stimuli, but the functional relationship between these mechanisms is poorly understood. Here, we adjudicated between two current hypotheses of how attention relates to predictive processing, namely, that attention either enhances or filters out perceptual prediction errors (PEs), the PE-promotion model versus the PE-suppression model. We acquired fMRI data from category-selective visual regions while human subjects viewed expected and unexpected stimuli that were either attended or unattended. Then, we trained multivariate neural pattern classifiers to discriminate expected from unexpected stimuli, depending on whether these stimuli had been attended or unattended. If attention promotes PEs, then this should increase the disparity of neural patterns associated with expected and unexpected stimuli, thus enhancing the classifier's ability to distinguish between the two. In contrast, if attention suppresses PEs, then this should reduce the disparity between neural signals for expected and unexpected percepts, thus impairing classifier performance. We demonstrate that attention greatly enhances a neural pattern classifier's ability to discriminate between expected and unexpected stimuli in a region- and stimulus category-specific fashion. These findings are incompatible with the PE-suppression model, but they strongly support the PE-promotion model, whereby attention increases the precision of prediction errors. Our results clarify the relationship between attention and expectation, casting attention as a mechanism for accelerating online error correction in predicting task-relevant visual inputs.
Selective Tuning for Contrast in Macaque Area V4
Authors: Sani Ilaria , Santandrea Elisa , Golzar Ashkan , Morrone Maria Concetta , Chelazzi Leonardo
Published: November 2013

Visually responsive neurons typically exhibit a monotonic-saturating increase of firing with luminance contrast of the stimulus and are able to adapt to the current spatiotemporal context by shifting their selectivity, therefore being perfectly suited for optimal contrast encoding and discrimination. Here we report the first evidence of the existence of neurons showing selective tuning for contrast in area V4d of the behaving macaque (Macaca mulatta), i.e., narrow bandpass filter neurons with peak activity encompassing the whole range of visible contrasts and pronounced attenuation at contrasts higher than the peak. Crucially, we found that contrast tuning emerges after a considerable delay from stimulus onset, likely reflecting the contribution of inhibitory mechanisms. Selective tuning for luminance contrast might support multiple functions, including contrast identification and the attentive selection of low contrast stimuli.
The Rubber Hand Illusion “It belongs to me, but it is not mine”
Authors: Kállai János , Szolcsányi Tibor , Hegedűs Gábor
Published: November 2013

Az alábbi összefoglaló BOTVINICK és COHEN (1998) a testélményzavarok diagnosztikájában szerzett tapasztalatai alapján konstruált „Műkéz Illúziót“ mutatja be. A testélmény kiindulópontja a személyes szenzomotoros tapasztalatokból származó testséma, mely a testképpel való integrációban hozza létre az identitás és a sajáttestélmény ötvözetét. Adódnak azonban olyan neuropszichológiai zavarok, pszichiátriai betegségek vagy normál tudatállapotban is felbukkanó jelenségek, melynek során az ember úgy érzi, mintha a teste nem lenne az övé, más esetben pedig azt érzi, hogy saját testének egyes részei elszakadnak tőle, deperszonalizálódnak. A testkép és a testséma mindennapi élethelyzetben is disszociálódhat. Ilyenkor a test más részeihez mérten megváltozik egy-egy testrész hőmérséklete, fájdalomküszöbe és a környezeti toxinokra adott immunválasz mértéke.A bemutatandó „Műkéz Illúzió“ (Rubber Hand Illusion, RHI) kiváltási körülményei, az élmény nyelvi kifejezésformája és a kiváltás mértékével arányos fiziológiai változások ismerete, véleményünk szerint megnyitja az utat a testélmény patológiák részletesebb kognitív neuropszichológiai elemzéséhez, egészséges, pszichoszomatikus és pszichiátriai betegségektől szenvedő személyek esetében egyaránt. A vizsgálati paradigma kiterjedtebb kutatási felhasználása mélyebb bepillantást enged az empátia és az én és a másik elhatárolódási folyamat megértésébe. Az RHI klinikai alkalmazása hozzájárulhat egyes szelffejlődési zavarok dinamikájának vizsgálatához, valamint lehetővé teszi a kognitív terápiás eszköztár bővítését is.
Anurofauna da bacia do Rio Tijuco, Minas Gerais, Brasil e sua relação com taxocenoses de anfíbios do Cerrado e suas transições
Authors: Conte Carlos E. , Silva Daniele R. da , Rodrigues André P.
Published: November 2013

A supressão de paisagens naturais tem dizimado populações e/ou reduzido a área de ocorrência de muitas espécies de anuros, caso do Cerrado, dado o grande potencial econômico e velocidade de descaracterização por atividades humanas. Por este motivo, inventários de espécies são extremamente necessários nessas regiões que dependendo do grau de alteração ambiental podem prejudicar as atividades de dispersão e reprodução dos anuros. Este estudo tem por objetivo determinar a riqueza e a diversidade de modos reprodutivos da anurofauna da bacia do Rio Tijuco e comparar a composição da taxocenose dessa região com taxocenoses de anfíbios de outras regiões do bioma Cerrado e da floresta estacional semidecidual anteriormente estudadas. O estudo foi desenvolvido ao longo da bacia do Rio Tijuco numa extensão aproximada de 80 km. Através de quatro métodos de amostragem, foram registradas 40 espécies de anuros pertencentes a seis famílias, o que corresponde a 20% das espécies de anuros registradas para o Cerrado. As condições da paisagem favorecem espécies mais tolerantes e adaptadas ao clima mais seco, o que reflete numa taxocenose que possui baixa proporção de modos reprodutivos e uma elevada representatividade de modos generalizados, dependentes de água ou com adaptações contra dessecação. Em comparação com outras 15 localidades verificou-se que a anurofauna do Cerrado é típica, com baixa similaridade taxonômica com ecossistemas adjacentes. A diversidade de habitats e a expressiva riqueza de espécies tornam a bacia do Rio Tijuco de grande importância para a conservação da anurofauna do bioma Cerrado.
A biossegurança durante os cuidados de enfermagem aos pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar
Authors: Costa Magnania Cristiane Pereira da , Taminato Mônica , Silva Valter , Grande Antonio Jose , Beretta Ana Laura Remédio Zeni
Published: November 2013

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as medidas preventivas recomendadas durante a assistência aos pacientes sintomáticos respiratórios, com tuberculose pulmonar. MÉTODOS: Estudo exploratório-descritivo, retrospectivo, desenvolvido a partir deinformações coletadasnos arquivosde pacientes sintomáticos respiratórios, com diagnóstico de saída tuberculose pulmonar. RESULTADOS: O número de casos de tuberculose no município durante o período do estudo foi de 65, 29 (44,6%) destes casos foram diagnosticados durante a internação. Quanto as medidas de biossegurança, durante a admissão dos 29 casos diagnosticados, foram encontrados registros de precaução por aerossóis nos prontuários de 13 (44,8%) pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: Os dados mostram que os profissionaisde enfermagem, que trabalham nos hospitais, continuam expostos aorisco de infecção latente.
Strategy as Truth: respostas estratégicas na gestão de crises após um crime corporativo
Authors: Medeiros Cintia Rodrigues de Oliveira , Alcadipani Rafael
Published: November 2013

Neste artigo, analisamos as respostas estratégicas da Chevron durante a gestão de uma crise corporativa provocada por um crime ambiental. O processo de estratégia compreende a busca por uma posição competitiva, e a gestão de crise consiste no gerenciamento de uma situação que ameaça a sobrevivência da empresa. Para abordar a integração da gestão estratégica à de crise, utilizamos a pesquisa documental para a coleta de dados e a análise retórica como técnica de análise. Como resultados, apontamos que as verdades produzidas pela empresa na gestão de crise é resultado da relação entre o discurso e a estratégia.
Produção enxuta e teoria das restrições: proposta de um método para implantação conjunta na Indústria de Bens de Capital sob Encomenda
Authors: Votto Rodrigo Goulart , Fernandes Flavio Cesar Faria
Published: November 2013

Ao longo do tempo, a tarefa de desenvolver e gerir sistemas de produção tem se tornado mais complexa e, atualmente, para enfrentar as mudanças de demanda dos clientes e a competição global, os gestores têm a difícil tarefa de combinar a eficiência da produção em massa com a customização da era da produção artesanal pré-industrial. Nesse contexto, as empresas da Indústria de Bens de Capital sob Encomenda (IBCE), expostas a condições de mercado muito adversas, têm buscado estratégias modernas de gestão da produção para melhorar o fluxo de produção e minimizar inconveniências inerentes a seus sistemas de produção. Este artigo estuda a IBCE, em especial os bens de capital de grande porte, também conhecidas como sistemas de produção de grandes montagens, com o objetivo de propor um método de implantação conjunta dos princípios da produção enxuta e da teoria das restrições, com a utilização dos Sistemas de Coordenação de Ordens adequados, para reduzir o lead time de produção e melhorar a pontualidade de entrega.
Fontes de magnésia e seu potencial para produção de concretos refratários espinelizados in-situ sem a adição de cimentos refratários
Authors: Souza T. M. , Braulio M. A. L. , Bonadia P. , Pandolfelli V. C.
Published: November 2013

Devido à hidratação e seu efeito expansivo, o uso de magnésias reativas em concretos refratários é usualmente evitado. Entretanto, magnésias cáusticas possuem maior área superficial e menor tamanho médio de cristais quando comparadas ao sínter de MgO, podendo favorecer a formação de espinélio (MgAl2O4) em temperaturas menores que as usuais, por aumentar a força motriz para reação da Al2O3 com o MgO. Além disto, a expansão volumétrica associada à hidratação da magnésia poderia ser utilizada para aumentar a resistência mecânica, viabilizando a substituição do cimento e, conseqüentemente, a redução dos custos destes concretos. Considerando-se estes aspectos, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a incorporação de fontes de MgO com reatividades distintas (um sínter de MgO e duas magnésias cáusticas) em concretos refratários aluminosos contendo diferentes teores de cimento de aluminato de cálcio (0, 2, 4 ou 6%-p) e 1%-p de microssílica. A incorporação do cimento de aluminato de cálcio e da microssílica foi realizada com o intuito de reduzir os danos associados à hidratação do MgO. Como resultado, rotas para incorporação de fontes de magnésias com reatividade distintas aos concretos são apresentadas, sem os danos decorrentes da expansão volumétrica causada pela hidratação, potencializando a redução da temperatura de início de formação de espinélio. Os resultados também indicam que o MgO, para situações particulares, é uma alternativa adequada para a substituição do cimento de aluminato de cálcio como ligante nestes concretos.
Fatores associados à compreensão da prescrição médica no Sistema Único de Saúde de um município do Sul do Brasil
Authors: Cruzeta Alana Patrício Stols , Dourado Ana Claudia Lawless , Monteiro Maria Tereza Mattos , Martins Rafael Olívio , Calegario Talita Aparecida , Galato Dayani
Published: November 2013

Com o objetivo de identificar a associação entre os indicadores de prescrição e o perfil do paciente à compreensão de prescrições de medicamentos de pacientes atendidos no Sistema Único de Saúde do município de Tubarão (Santa Catarina), foi realizado um estudo transversal por meio de entrevista. Coletou-se informações sobre o perfil dos usuários do Serviço, indicadores da prescrição médica da Organização Mundial da Saúde e sobre a compreensão da prescrição. Os fatores associados foram identificados através do teste qui-quadrado. Foram entrevistados 300 sujeitos. Entre estes, 59,3% conseguiam ler a prescrição ou sabiam o nome dos medicamentos, 80,7% conheciam a indicação, 73,7% sabiam a dose, 72,3% sabiam a frequência entre as doses e 72,7% conheciam a duração do tratamento. No entanto, compreenderam totalmente a prescrição 46,3% dos entrevistados. Verificou-se que dos indicadores de prescrição apenas o número de medicamentos está associado à compreensão, por outro lado, a idade do paciente menor que 49 anos, ter estudado mais que oito anos, pertencer a classe econômica C1 ou superior e ser mulher associam-se de forma significativa com a compreensão da prescrição.
Lightweight envelopes: ethylene tetra-fluoro-ethylene foil in architecture
Authors: Chilton John
Published: November 2013

The fluoropolymer ethylene tetra-fluoro-ethylene (ETFE) in the form of thin foil is being used increasingly in architecture, in innovative building envelopes, either as a single-layer or, more commonly, as multi-layer inflated cushions. With foil thicknesses ranging from 100 to 300 µm, three-layer cushions typically weigh less than 1ṡ0 kg/m2. This paper reviews the main characteristics of ETFE foil that affect its use in architecture and discusses how developments in material technology and systems over the 30 years that the material has been used in permanent building envelopes have expanded the scope for architectural applications. Current state-of-the-art is illustrated through case studies of recently completed projects such as the north-light-like, multi-layer cushion, roof at the Dolce Vita Tejo shopping mall, Amadora, Portugal (2009); the external cushion cladding of the Media-TIC building, Barcelona (2010); and the single-layer façade of the Unilever Building in Hamburg (2009). It is concluded that there remain interesting possibilities for performance enhancement of ETFE foil-covered building envelopes that are able to adapt to provide desired thermal/optical performance as components in intelligent building skins and expand ETFE foil's fitness for use in more extreme climatic zones.
Protection and performance of the ancestral water supply system ‘Khettara’ as a sustainable alternative for arid regions
Authors: Benqlilou H. , Bensaid S.
Published: November 2013

Located in a semi-arid region in the south and east of the country, the Moroccan oases are characterized by severe aridity and scarcity of water resources. However, the ancestral populations have shown a major form of adaptation to aridity constraints through the development of knowledge and heuristic expertise on a traditional water supply system called ‘Khettara’. Currently, the effects of climate change on the one hand and the deep social, cultural and economic transformations on the other, have caused the productivity of traditional agriculture to no longer match population needs with progressive vanishing of Khettara as its consequence. A diagnostic study of the situation of oases conducted in the south of Morocco makes it possible to address the socio-economic, environmental and cultural aspects by developing and using a specific methodology to assess fragile ecosystems (DPSIR: Driving Force-Pressure-State-Impact-Response). The main aim of the present work is to provide a methodology allowing the formulation of the required knowledge for the mobilization of traditional water resources techniques such as Khettaras, in order to maintain the national heritage of oases. The modeling formalism of UML (Unified Modeling Language) is borrowed from information technology for the purpose of standardization. The developed methodology enhances these traditional water supply systems by combining traditional and modern techniques to increase their performance in terms of reduced maintenance costs and increased productivity. The developed methodology has been applied to a real case characterized by extreme aridity.
Application of conventional and O3-BAC processes to treat organic matter and antibiotic pollutants in a lake in East China
Authors: Liao X. B. , Zhang X. J. , Wang J. , Li X. B. , Wang C. K. , Chen C.
Published: November 2013

The occurrence and treatment of antibiotics in a micro-polluted lake which serves as a drinking water source in East China was surveyed. A pilot plant with conventional and O3-BAC (biological activated carbon) processes was set up to investigate its effectiveness in dealing with the contaminants. Solid phase extraction (SPE) coupled with electro-spray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS-MS) was applied to detect various antibiotics simultaneously. Three groups of antibiotics, i.e. sulfonamides, fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines, were detected in the source water. The gross concentrations of them in the lake are up to 471, 23.4 and 1,039 ng/L, respectively. The conventional and O3-BAC processes could remove 78.9, 62.4 and 70.2% of them, respectively. Among the antibiotics, tetracyclines could be effectively removed by ozonation, while fluoroquinolones could be removed by the coagulation–sedimentation process. BAC could not degrade fluoroquinolones but enabled the reduction of the other two antibiotics. In addition, O3-BAC was an effective technology for the removal of bulk organic matter. The concentrations of chemical oxygen demand (CODMn), UV254 and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the effluent of the up-flow BAC process were 2.31 mg/L, 0.034 cm−1 and 1.76 mg/L, respectively, with the corresponding removal rates of 45.1, 67.3 and 65.1%, respectively. In all, the combined conventional and O3-BAC process was the best available technology to remove organic matter as well as antibiotics.
Evaluation of Legionella presence in the water system of a public building by semi-nested polymerase chain reaction as a rapid screening method complementary to plate count
Authors: Serrano-Suárez Alejandra , Araujo Rosa
Published: November 2013

The aim of this study was to apply a fast and efficient protocol for monitoring levels of Legionella contamination in high-risk water systems using molecular techniques and culture methods. Forty-nine water samples from a public building were analyzed by a culture method (BCYE agar) and a specific semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The first 30 analyses using plate counts were positive in 28% of hot water and 8% of cold water samples. The analysis by PCR, obtained within 24 h of collection, revealed the presence of DNA in 100 and 54% respectively. Only four PCR results coincided with the cultures. A second survey (19 samples) was performed 1 year later. Semi-nested PCR revealed that 53% of the samples were positive; however, plate counts yielded no positive results. The 16S rRNA sequence comparison between the first and second samplings showed 100% homology. In conclusion, the study of the design of the building's water system, the use of a fast screening semi-nested PCR and a culture method for the detection of Legionella allowed accurate assessment of the contamination, thus contributing to the early implementation of measures to eliminate the presence of the bacteria in water systems and consequently reduce a latent public health risk.
Long-Wavelength Infrared Sensing by Cytochrome C Protein Thin Film Deposited by the Spin Coating Method
Authors: Lai Bo-Yu , Chu Chung-Hao , Su Guo-Dung
Published: November 2013

High infrared absorption, large temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) and small 1/f noise are preferred characteristics for sensing materials used in bolometers. In this paper, we discuss a cytochrome c protein as a potential sensing material for long-wavelength bolometers. We simulated and experimentally proved high infrared absorption of cytochrome c in the wavelength between 8 μm and 14 μm. Cytochrome c thin films were deposited on a hydrophilic surface using the spin coating method. The resistance variation with temperature is measured and we show that the TCR of cytochrome c thin films is consistently higher than 20%. The measured values of 1/f noise were as low as 2.33 × 10–13 V2/Hz at 60 Hz. Finally, we test the reliability of cytochrome c by measuring the resistance changes over time under varying conditions. We found that cytochrome c thin films deteriorated significantly without appropriate packaging.
Sensibilidade da exclusão e loucura na literatura-memória de Lima Barreto
Authors: Weber Santos Nádia Maria
Published: November 2013

RÉSUMÉ - Cet article traite de la folie dans la littérature-mémoire de Lima Barreto, à travers le rapport entre histoire et littérature dans le cadre de l'Histoire Culturelle. Les écrits de cet auteur brésilien pré-moderniste, surtout ceux qui proviennent, dans Diário do Hospício, de son dernier internement psychiatrique, ont servi comme source privilégiée pour dévoiler une certaine «sensibilité de l'exclusion», devenue littérature dans le roman inachevé Cemitério dos Vivos.
Violencia en el deshielo: imaginarios latinoamericanos post-nacionales después de la Guerra Fría
Authors: Moraña Mabel
Published: November 2013

RESUMEN - El artículo plantea una aproximación al tema de los imaginarios de la violencia en América Latina y a la posible «lectura» de los códigos cifrados a los que esa experiencia social nos enfrenta.
Contra las ficciones, la imagen. El oficio de perder, de Lorenzo García Vega
Authors: Singler Christoph
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT - Lorenzo García Vega, member of Orígenes and in exile since 1967, reflects in his memories on the foundations of his own poetics as well as on Cuban culture in 20th Century. Putting in perspective the sources of Garcia Vega's images (cubism, photography, Joseph Cornell and pop art), the article studies the characteristics, functions and motivations of their use in this text in order to locate it in Cuban context. The basic claim is that the author is intent to «deconstruct» collective imaginary and the Utopian simulacra produced by national literature since independence.
L'engagement politique des « intellectuels »
Authors: de Mijolla-Mellor Sophie
Published: November 2013

Les conditions politiques d’un pays peuvent-elles modifier l’exercice de la psychanalyse ? La psychanalyse génère-t-elle chez ceux qui la pratiquent un mode spécifique d’engagement sociopolitique ? La psychanalyse a-t-elle les moyens de penser sa propre relation au politique ? On interroge ici dans un premier temps la perméabilité de la psychanalyse au sociétal et plus spécialement au politique non pas en fonction de la capacité de la psychanalyse à comprendre non les faits politiques eux-mêmes mais à partir de la position qu’elle adopte vis-à-vis d’eux. Dans un second temps, on montre, avec l’exemple de Rousseau et de Robespierre, que le fait de poser la pensée comme un acte lui restitue tout son poids, sa valeur et partant sa responsabilité historique lorsqu’elle devient un instrument de violence politique alors que son projet conscient visait essentiellement la construction du collectif selon des normes éthiques.
Maurice Blanchot, déserter le mythe
Authors: Nioche Claire
Published: November 2013

Cet article se propose d’éclairer le point d’origine de l’éthique et de la pensée politique chez Maurice Blanchot à travers deux textes phares, L’Écriture du désastre et L’Instant de ma mort . L’effacement ou la destitution du sujet, la pensée de l’impossible (la mort), la sortie du mythe, sont les conditions d’une nouvelle approche de l’énonciation qui commande l’« engagement » de l’intellectuel, comme Blanchot s’en explique dans son article « Les intellectuels en question ».
¿‘Aglaya’ o ‘resplandor’? Dos propuestas de integración a Posidipo, 11 Austin-Bastianini (P. Mil Vogl. VIII 309, col. II, 17-22)
Authors: Angiò Francesca
Published: November 2013

En esta nota se proponen dos integraciones en un epigrama de la sección [λιθι]κ̣ά̣ del Papiro de Milán atribuido a Posidipo de Pela (11, 4, 6 Austin-Bastianini).
Large primary intraorbital hydatid cyst in elderly
Authors: Mathad Veeresh , Singh Hukum , Singh Daljit , Butte Manoj , Kaushik M
Published: November 2013

We report a case of solitary, primary intraorbital hydatid cyst in a elderly female aged 80 years who presented with nontender, nonpulsatile proptosis of left eye with diminution of vision. MRI scan of the head and the orbits, revealed a retro-bulbar cyst. Surgical excision was performed by employing a lateral orbitotomy approach. Histopathology report confirmed hydatid cyst.
Atlanto-axial dislocation associated with anomalous single vertebral artery and agenesis of unilateral internal carotid artery
Authors: Mehrotra Anant , Chunnilal Jayesh , Das Kuntal , Srivastava Arun , Kumar Raj
Published: November 2013

We report a case of an anomalous single midline vertebral artery (VA) in a case of atlanto-axial dislocation (AAD). The left VA coursed in the midline at craniovertebral junction as there was no right VA. The left internal carotid artery was also not formed. This was a case report of a 34-year-old male patient who presented with features of high cervical myelopathy. On evaluation, he had fixed AAD. There was inadvertent intra-operative VA injury, which was sealed to control the brisk bleeding to require stenting ultimately. Patient did not survive and expired after 5 days due to brain edema secondary to compromised anomalous intracranial circulation.