bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Interaction between Football Supporterism and Political Engagement in Post-Revolution Tunisia
Authors: Fitouri Chedlia , Saleh Zahra Gamel
Published: June 2024

Background

This study delves into the impact of supporterism on voluntary political engagement in post-revolution Tunisia, particularly focusing on its potential for educating youth in participatory democracy. The study centres on the dynamics within the ultras supporters of the Tunisian football team “Club Africain” (CA), exploring their role in shaping political attitudes and actions. Also, this research highlights the significant role of supporterism in shaping political attitudes and actions among Tunisian youth. It emphasizes the need for further exploration of the influence of supporterism on political engagement in diverse political contexts with varied supporter profiles.

Methods

Ultimately, supporterism emerges as a persuasive tool for fostering understanding and engagement in participatory democracy, particularly among the youth. Therefore, 20 Club Africain ultras were interviewed semi-structured about their political engagement experiences. Interviews sought to understand the collective and individual opinions of Tunisians on democratic autonomy. The documentary analysis also showed the political engagement of young Tunisians and their determination to defend the country against fraudulent democratic processes.

Results

The investigation shows that supporterism and politics interact dynamically, demonstrating their resilience against political opportunism. However, some interviewees (7/20) contemplated immigration and terrorism as potential solutions despite their undeniable support for a secular state, rejecting extremist Islamic ideologies. These thoughts are rooted in experiences of discrimination and marginalization, shaping their perceptions and aspirations for the future. The results highlight supporterism as a dynamic space fostering autonomy in the political participation of young Tunisians.

Conclusion

Supporters demonstrate a self-motivated commitment to democratic values and equitable socio-economic development, advocating for transparent governance. Their engagement in politics through supporterism underscores the potential for positive and evolving interactions between sports and political activism.
Nanocrystals in Drug Delivery: A Cutting-Edge Approach for Enhanced Therapeutic Values
Authors: Yadav Shivani , Mishra Manoj Kumar
Published: June 2024

Nanocrystals, composed of a few hundred to tens of thousands of atoms, coalesce to
form crystalline clusters, revolutionizing the landscape of pharmaceutical compounds. These clusters,
often referred to as “clusters,” serve as crystalline structures that wield significant influence
over the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of diverse pharmacological
agents. Employed for various applications, nanocrystals play a pivotal role in safeguarding drug
entities during systemic circulation within the body. The production of nanocrystals employs diverse
methodologies, including spray drying, top-down approaches, bottom-up strategies, and innovative
techniques. The formulation of nanocrystals yields a spectrum of advantages, such as augmenting
oral bioavailability, optimizing dose proportionality, mitigating food-related effects, ensuring
suitability for administration through diverse routes, and enabling sterile filtration due to a
more confined particle size range. The selection of the appropriate method is contingent upon the
specific target sites and the drug's capacity to reach the intended site of action consistently and at
a controlled rate. This exploration delves into several facets of nanocrystals in drug delivery, shedding
light on their multifaceted uses within the pharmaceutical realm.
A Review on Mpox: Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatments
Authors: Sharma Himanshu , Tyagi Siddhant Jai , Varshney Prakhar , Pathak Neha , Pathak Rashmi
Published: June 2024

Mpox is a zoonotic disease caused by the orthopox virus, and its signs and symptoms are
similar to those of smallpox in humans. As public health organizations try to end the present epidemic,
healthcare professionals across the globe place a high premium on their education on the many
clinical symptoms and possible treatments for this virus. For those who are affected, there is currently
no cure. However, due to the smallpox outbreak, specialists are now looking at vaccinia immune
globulin (IVG), tecovirimat, and cidofovir as potential remedies for Mpox. In severe cases, tecovirimat
and supportive care may be used with drugs to aid with symptom alleviation. The World Health
Organization (WHO) reports that the EMA acknowledged tecovirimat as a secure and reliable therapy
for Mpox in 2023. The effectiveness of these therapies is fiercely contested since there are clear
guidelines for decreasing these symptoms. Moreover, by examining elements such as the quantity of
confirmed, probable, and possible cases, the median age at presentation, the fatality rate, and the
geographic distribution of the disease, we hoped to understand the epidemiology of Mpox better as it
was changing throughout this study. In light of recent widespread outbreaks, this page provides an
updated analysis of Mpox and the medical remedies that are now accessible.
Teachers’ response to STEAM-based media for improving Riau Malay culture learning quality
Authors: Hermita Neni , Diniya Diniya , Dipuja Diah Anugrah , Nasien Dewi , Wijaya Tommy Tanu
Published: June 2024

STEAM-based learning (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) is a learning approach that combines these five fields of science in one learning activity. This approach aims to develop students’ critical thinking, creative and problem-solving skills. The current study seeks to analyze teacher responses in implementing STEAM-based learning media to improve the quality of learning in Riau Malay Culture subjects. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach. Data was collected through questionnaires distributed to elementary school teachers who teach Riau Malay Culture subjects in Pekanbaru City, Riau. The research results show that teachers have a positive response to the implementation of STEAM-based learning media. Teachers assess that STEAM-based learning media can improve the quality of learning in Riau Malay Culture subjects. This is because STEAM-based learning media can make learning more interesting, interactive and meaningful for students. However, it should be noted that teachers are necessary to possess a deep understanding of the STEAM approach in order to pursue effective implementation. Therefore, there needs to be support from the school in providing the facilities and infrastructure needed to implement STEAM-based learning media.
Project-based Learning Model for strengthening Elementary students’ creativity in Sciences
Authors: Musa Muhammad Maskur , Kamal Rahmat
Published: June 2024

The aim of this research is to explain PjBL: a learning model for instilling MI students' creative attitudes in science subjects. The type of research uses field studies or field research with a descriptive-qualitative approach. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews, and documentation, which are then analyzed using data reduction techniques, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the research explain that the implementation of PjBL in science subjects in class 4 consists of three stages, including the planning stage and the implementation stage, which includes: 1) Providing basic questions; 2) creating a project design; 3) preparing an activity schedule; 4) project implementation and monitoring; 5) assessment of project results; 6) evaluation of learning experience. And the evaluation stage. The embedded creativity attitudes include: 1) students' imaginations emerge when creating projects; 2) the greater the students' curiosity; 3) dare to take risks; 4) being easy to adapt to the surrounding environment; 5) increasing student independence; and 6) instilling patience and tenacity in students. Supporting and inhibiting factors that influence the implementation of PjBL come from the school, students, and parents.
Transferable critical thinking skills of culinary and fashion students in educational practical activities at Vocational Schools
Authors: Komariah Kokom , Rahmawati Fitri , Asiatun Kapti , Nurlita Asri Andarini , Minarni Maize Lina , Simaremare Perawati
Published: June 2024

Efforts to continually develop the potential and skills of future teachers are crucial due to the increased demands placed upon them. This study aimed to examine the critical thinking abilities of students engaged in educational practice within vocational high schools, elucidating the challenges they encountered and proposing requisite strategies for surmounting them. Employing a quantitative descriptive approach, this research utilized surveys and focus group discussions (FGDs) as data collection instruments, validated through content validity measures. The study employe   ,;d students from the Department of Food and Clothing Education at the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, participating in Educational Practices within the Tourism Group Vocational High School, alongside tutor teachers guiding them. Analysis revealed that students exhibited commendable levels of critical thinking, evidenced by their adeptness in identifying information within the school environment, searching for information to analyze prevailing issues, and discerning various problems. Notably, the predominant obstacle impeding critical thinking proficiency was Sociocentrism, with a notable majority (61.64%) identifying unwarranted assumptions stemming from mass media sources (41.10%), and relativism due to deficient literacy skills, leading to closed-mindedness (31.51%).
Mengoptimalkan VO2Max: Dampak teknik pemanasan khusus pada siswa pendidikan jasmani
Authors: Sumarsono Adi , Wasa Carolus
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh metode pemanasan dengan teknik terhadap kemampuan VO2Max mahasiswa penjaskesrek Universitas Musamus. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan rancangan one-group pretest-posttest design. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 27 mahasiswa. Hasil analisis data menunjukkkan ada peningkatan kemampuan VO2Max terhadap mahasiswa setelah mendapat perlakukan berupa pemanasan dengan teknik, terbukti dari nilai thitung ttabel ( 7,471,71) dan eksperimen mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan dengan rata-rata pretest 34,3 dan posttest 43,7 atau mengalami peningkatan sebesar 9,3 atau 17,7%. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah “Terdapat pengaruh metode pemanasan dengan teknik terhadap kemampuan VO2Max mahasiswa jurusan Penjaskesrek Universitas Musamus”. Optimizing VO2Max: The impact of specialized warm-up techniques on physical education students
Efficacy and Implementation Planning Across the Veterans Affairs Polytrauma System of Care: Protocol for the REACH Intervention for Caregivers of Veterans and Service Members With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Perrin Paul B , Haun Jolie N , Klyce Daniel W , Melillo Christine , Nakase-Richardson Risa , Seel Ronald T , Martindale-Adams Jennifer , Nichols Linda O , Perera Robert A , Xia Bridget , Hahm Bridget , Zuber Jeffrey
Published: June 2024

Background

The responsibility of care for Veterans and Service Members (V/SMs) with traumatic brain injury (TBI) often defaults to informal family caregivers. Caregiving demands considerable knowledge, skill, and support to facilitate the health and well-being of V/SMs and themselves. Persistent and common TBI caregiver issues include strain, depression, and anxiety. While evidence-based, brief interventions have been developed and implemented for family caregivers in Veteran neurodegenerative populations, few interventions have been developed, adapted, or tested to support the unique needs of caregivers of V/SMs with TBI.

Objective

This study will adapt and test an evidence-based, personalized, 6-session telehealth caregiver intervention, “Resources for Enhancing All Caregivers’ Health” (REACH), to meet the unique needs of caregivers of V/SMs with TBI. If successful, a community-based participatory research team will develop an implementation plan to roll out REACH TBI across the national Veterans Affairs Polytrauma System of Care.

Methods

This mixed methods, crossover waitlist control clinical trial will use a Type 1 Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation approach to adapt and then test the effects of REACH TBI on key TBI caregiver outcomes.

Results

This study was funded by the Department of Defense in September 2023. Participant enrollment and data collection will begin in 2024.

Conclusions

If effective, REACH TBI will be the first evidence-based intervention for caregivers of V/SMs with TBI that can be scaled to implement across the Veterans Affairs Polytrauma System of Care and fill a notable gap in clinical services.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/57692
Triage Performance Across Large Language Models, ChatGPT, and Untrained Doctors in Emergency Medicine: Comparative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Masanneck Lars , Schmidt Linea , Seifert Antonia , Kölsche Tristan , Huntemann Niklas , Jansen Robin , Mehsin Mohammed , Bernhard Michael , Meuth Sven G , Böhm Lennert , Pawlitzki Marc
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performances in various medical domains, prompting an exploration of their potential utility within the high-demand setting of emergency department (ED) triage. This study evaluated the triage proficiency of different LLMs and ChatGPT, an LLM-based chatbot, compared to professionally trained ED staff and untrained personnel. We further explored whether LLM responses could guide untrained staff in effective triage.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of LLMs and the associated product ChatGPT in ED triage compared to personnel of varying training status and to investigate if the models’ responses can enhance the triage proficiency of untrained personnel.

METHODS

A total of 124 anonymized case vignettes were triaged by untrained doctors; different versions of currently available LLMs; ChatGPT; and professionally trained raters, who subsequently agreed on a consensus set according to the Manchester Triage System (MTS). The prototypical vignettes were adapted from cases at a tertiary ED in Germany. The main outcome was the level of agreement between raters’ MTS level assignments, measured via quadratic-weighted Cohen κ. The extent of over- and undertriage was also determined. Notably, instances of ChatGPT were prompted using zero-shot approaches without extensive background information on the MTS. The tested LLMs included raw GPT-4, Llama 3 70B, Gemini 1.5, and Mixtral 8x7b.

RESULTS

GPT-4–based ChatGPT and untrained doctors showed substantial agreement with the consensus triage of professional raters (κ=mean 0.67, SD 0.037 and κ=mean 0.68, SD 0.056, respectively), significantly exceeding the performance of GPT-3.5–based ChatGPT (κ=mean 0.54, SD 0.024; P<.001). When untrained doctors used this LLM for second-opinion triage, there was a slight but statistically insignificant performance increase (κ=mean 0.70, SD 0.047; P=.97). Other tested LLMs performed similar to or worse than GPT-4–based ChatGPT or showed odd triaging behavior with the used parameters. LLMs and ChatGPT models tended toward overtriage, whereas untrained doctors undertriaged.

CONCLUSIONS

While LLMs and the LLM-based product ChatGPT do not yet match professionally trained raters, their best models’ triage proficiency equals that of untrained ED doctors. In its current form, LLMs or ChatGPT thus did not demonstrate gold-standard performance in ED triage and, in the setting of this study, failed to significantly improve untrained doctors’ triage when used as decision support. Notable performance enhancements in newer LLM versions over older ones hint at future improvements with further technological development and specific training.
Relative validity of the food recording app Libro, adapted for young people: a crossover study (Preprint)
Authors: Basso Melissa , Zhang Liangzi , Savva George , Cohen Kadosh Kathrin , Traka Maria
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Dietary intake plays a crucial role in health research, yet existing methods for its measurement present several challenges such as participant burden, lengthy recording processes and human errors, and do not account for age-specific variations.

OBJECTIVE

This study assessed the relative validity of a food recording program within Libro, a real time diet tracking app, compared to a 24-hour recall method, specifically Intake24, among a group of young people sampled from a population vulnerable to eating misbehaviour. The food recording program was customized for the target population based on feedback gathered from a focus group.

METHODS

The relative validity of Libro was tested by adopting a cross-over design which recorded food intake over a period of 3 non-consecutive weekdays and 1 weekend day with both methods. The primary outcome was concordance of total energy intake between the two methods, with secondary outcomes focusing on intake of protein, carbohydrates, fats, free sugars, fibre, and trans-fatty acids. Test-retest validity was assessed per each method with the intraclass correlation coefficient; a Bland-Altman plot and t-test were performed to test agreement at group level; correlation coefficient and cross-classification were performed to assess agreement at individual level.

RESULTS

The average intraclass correlation coefficient for energy intake measured by Libro over four days was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.76-0.91). Compared to Intake24, average energy intake recorded using Libro was significantly lower (mean difference: -554 Kcal, 95% CI: -804.1 to -305.6 Kcal, p < 0.001), potentially driven by the reduced reporting of foods rich in free sugars. The correlation coefficient for average energy intake measured by Libro vs Intake24 was 0.32 (p = 0.03), with only 27.7 % of subjects classified in the same quartile with both methods (κ = 0.31, p = 0.03). Concordance varied across specific dietary component measures.

CONCLUSIONS

While Libro had good test-retest reliability if adopting a multi recall method, it underreported energy and other aspects of dietary intake, along with poor classification performance compared to Intake24. These results might be partially explained by the absence of pop-up memory prompts (which are a feature of Intake24), and the inability to customise the notification system throughout the day. We also suggest that a user-centred interface, graphic design, and implementation of strategies to enhance motivation may play a role in affecting participants compliance and should be improved to enhance the overall food recording process.
Evaluating the cost of Telerehabilitation versus Traditional In-person rehabilitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (Preprint)
Authors: K S Aviraj , Gnanasekaran Sridevi , Mehto Amit Kumar , Vignesh Nawin Jai , Patel Monika G
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Telerehabilitation services provide numerous advantages such as better patient outcomes, lower healthcare costs, enhanced access to care, and improved patient satisfaction. Telerehabilitation minimizes the need for expensive equipment, yet evidence quantifying its benefits remains insufficient.

OBJECTIVE

The present study intends to systematically summarize previous research on the total and average costs of telerehabilitation and the barriers to implementing telerehabilitation programs.

METHODS

We searched PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and the OVID Library databases retrieving 3858 records. Economic Evaluation Metrics like currency reported in the study were converted to USD (2023) for standardization and types of costs measured (direct and indirect) were extracted from 21 studies. The meta-analysis was conducted for 14 studies using the meta package in R.

RESULTS

We included 21 studies (19,690 patients) in our systematic review, while only 14 were included in the pooled analysis. Many studies reported no significant differences between the telerehabilitation and control groups, but the combined effect estimate showed significant differences in terms of the total and average costs with the mean difference of 71.92 US dollars.

CONCLUSIONS

The study showed lower cost for telerehabilitation than in controls. Telerehabilitation can be an effective alternative to traditional rehabilitation therapy, particularly in remote or underserved locations. Larger studies are needed to assess the ongoing developments in telerehabilitation.
Voices of Vulvodynia: Qualitative Analysis of Patient Experiences on Reddit (Preprint)
Authors: Grutman Aurora , Perelmuter Sara , Perez Abigail , Meurer Janine , Contractor Monica , Mathews Eva , Shearer Katie , Burnett Lindsay , Uloko Maria
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Although vulvodynia is a prevalent condition, diagnosis and effective treatment remain elusive. As a result, individuals with vulvodynia may turn to the internet for medical information and advice.

OBJECTIVE

This study sought to evaluate content related to vulvodynia discussed on the popular internet forum Reddit. Unlike prior research on vulvodynia, this article captures the experiences of individuals with vulvodynia told in their own words.

METHODS

The subreddits “r/vulvodynia” and “r/vestibulodynia” were selected for analysis in May 2023. Threads were sorted from most to least popular and data from the top 70 posts from each subreddit was extracted and analyzed. Qualitative analysis was used to identify themes and assess attitudes towards shared experiences.

RESULTS

At the time of analysis, the “r/vulvodynia” and “r/vestibulodynia” subreddits had 7,245 and 685 members, respectively. Of all posts analyzed, 45.7% had positive valence. Of all analyzed threads, the most commonly identified discussions centered around symptoms (28.9%), treatments (28.8%), followed by sexual experiences (16.0%), erasure/disbelief (15.3%), representation/media (6.1%), and humor (5.1%).

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first analysis of Reddit content related to vulvodynia. However, results are limited by the number of posts analyzed, an inability to access user demographics, and the study's cross-sectional nature. Findings reveal robust discussions on Reddit regarding vulvodynia. Analyzed content suggests that Reddit provides a unique forum for peer-to-peer caretaking in the form of advice, an outlet for frustration, and a means to find community through shared experiences.

CLINICALTRIAL
Understanding non-adherence to diabetes complications screening in a multi-ethnic Asian population using a mixed-methods design: protocol and baseline participant profile (Preprint)
Authors: Aravindhan Amudha , Fenwick Eva , Wing Dan Chan Aurora , Eyn Kidd Man Ryan , Ee Tang Wern , Chuan Tan Ngiap , Sabanayagam Charumathi , Junxing Chay , Pui Ng Lok , Teen Wong Wei , Fern Soo Wern , Wei Lim Shin , Lamoureux Ecosse L.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Yearly screening for microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), namely retinopathy (DR), nephropathy (DN), and foot complications (DFC), is recommended to reduce their incidence, and delay or prevent their progression. However, poor adherence to screening is common, but prospective data on the magnitude and predictors of non-adherence to DR, DN and DFC screening in Singapore are unavailable.

OBJECTIVE

The Understanding Non-Adherence to Diabetes Complications Screening (UNADS) study aims to determine the rates, predictors, clinical and economic impact of non-adherence to diabetic complications screening in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Singapore. We describe the study methodology and participants’ baseline characteristics that may be associated with non-adherence to DM complications screening.

METHODS

In this prospective, mixed-methods, clinic-based study, patients who underwent DR, DN, and/or DFC screening and were offered an annual rescreening appointment, were recruited from six primary care centres. Patients’ sociodemographic, medical, clinical, and patient-reported characteristics were recorded at baseline. Non-adherence to DR/DN/DFC screening is defined as not attending the annual rescreening appointment within 4 months of the scheduled rescreening date. Adherence and clinical data will be recorded at 16-months post-enrolment. Additionally, selected participants and healthcare professionals will undergo qualitative interviews to elicit barriers/facilitators of adherence to rescreening.

RESULTS

974 eligible patients (2,123 screenings, median [IQR] age 61.0 [55.0-67.0] years, 52.9% male, 64.1% Chinese) consented and completed the baseline assessment. Of these, 75.4%, 61.9%, and 80.7% attended DR, DN and DFC screening, respectively. Most (81.4%) attended >1 complication screening on the same day; had received secondary or lower education (71.9%); had hypertension (73.4%) and dyslipidemia (85.1%); and 43.1% were obese (BMI>27.5 kg/m2). Median DM duration and HbA1c levels were 6.3 years and 6.9%, respectively. Over half (55.1%) had not received prior DM education. Furthermore, participants reported low levels of diabetes-related self-efficacy (1.4 [IQR 1.0-3.9] out of 5).

CONCLUSIONS

At baseline, we have successfully enrolled almost 1000 patients with T2DM scheduled for annual DR/DN/DFC rescreening, and potential predictors of non-adherence to rescreening were systematically collected. Ongoing follow-up phases will focus on establishing the rates and associated modifiable predictors of non-adherence to DR/DN/DFC rescreening, which may inform programme initiatives.
Los efectos de la política pública en el manejo de los residuos domésticos de Hermosillo, Sonora (2019-2021)
Authors: Quijada Ruiz Zaida Abigail , Lutz Ley América Nallely
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: conocer los efectos del Programa Piloto de Separación de Basura implementado en Hermosillo, Sonora, en la construcción social del problema de la basura por parte de distintos grupos sociales y cómo la puesta en marcha del programa se relaciona con la separación de los residuos domésticos en los hogares de colonias con dicho programa y sin él. Metodología: mediante 250 cuestionarios aplicados en línea, se recabaron y procesaron datos psicológicos sobre la construcción social del problema y la evaluación de los servicios de recolección de basura. También se realizaron análisis de estadística descriptiva y de regresión lineal para medir el efecto del programa. Resultados: el programa piloto influyó de manera positiva en la construcción social de la basura y en el manejo de residuos, así como en la evaluación ciudadana sobre el servicio público de recolección de basura. Valor: se identifica el rol de la política pública municipal en la adopción de prácticas para separar la basura de los hogares. Limitaciones: los hallazgos de este trabajo dependen del autorreporte voluntario de los participantes acerca de la frecuencia de realización de conductas en el manejo de residuos. Conclusiones: se observan resultados favorables en cuanto a la disposición de la ciudadanía a participar en las estrategias que propone la política pública. Sin embargo, la falta de una infraestructura adecuada y de continuidad administrativa han frenado el avance del programa.
The Healing Power of Nature: Exploring Herbal Ointments for Skin Wellness
Authors: Rajput Tejas A.
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This study investigates the therapeutic potential of an herbal ointment primarily composed of sage, complemented by the inclusion of rosemary and chamomile, for enhancing skin wellness. Sage, revered for its antimicrobial and antiinflammatory properties, serves as the cornerstone of the formulation. Rosemary and chamomile are integrated to augment the salve with their respective benefits, enriching its efficacy. By synthesizing traditional knowledge with contemporary scientific insights, this research endeavours to elucidate the healing mechanisms and potential applications of this herbal blend. Through an examination of its safety profile, formulation considerations, and comparative effectiveness against conventional treatments, this study aims to underscore the viability of herbal ointments as a natural approach to promoting skin health and wellness.
Museus conectam: as possibilidades de um trabalho em rede
Authors: Quevedo Éverton Reis
Published: June 2024

Em 2020, por causa da pandemia da Covid-19, muitos espaços públicos, incluindo os museus, foram temporariamente fechados. Foram impostas medidas de distanciamento social e uma parte considerável da população ficou restrita ao ambiente doméstico, a fim de evitar a propagação do vírus. Com a restrição do contato físico e, consequentemente, do acesso do público ao espaço físico dos museus, deparamo-nos com a comunicação com o público reforçada pela mediação da tecnologia. É a partir desse contexto que o Museu da UFRGS, vinculado à Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, convida, em 2021, museus locais para propor uma ação conjunta e celebrar o aniversário de 249 anos da cidade de Porto Alegre em uma atividade virtual, dando origem à Rede Museus Conectam. Naquela ocasião, além do Museu da UFRGS, compunham a Rede o Museu de História da Medicina do RS (MUHM), o Centro Histórico-Cultural Santa Casa (CHC) e o Museu da Comunicação Hipólito José da Costa (Musecom). O Centro de Documentação e Cultura Casa da Memória Unimed Federação/RS fez parte do processo, como convidado, nos anos de 2022 e 2023.
HISTORY AND MODERNITY OF ONE EXPERIMENT OF N. TESLA
Authors: Panchelyuga Victor A. , Panchelyuga Maria S.
Published: June 2024

The paper provides a brief overview of N. Tesla’s experimental work related to the wireless transmission of electrical energy. A number of experimental works are also presented, which can be considered as a direct continuation of the research begun in the works of Tesla. These experiments, in total, show the possibility of the existence of longitudinal electromagnetic waves. The most convincing evidence of the existence of longitudinal waves comes from experiments in underwater radio communications.
ON SCIENTIFIC STANDARDS IN BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND THE AUTHOR’S EVOLUTIONARY HYPOTHESIS OF CREATION-SALTATION PREFORMATIONISM
Authors: Sidorov G. N. , Shustova O. B.
Published: June 2024

In biological science, standards recognize the characteristics of living nature, which is an objective reality and directly observed by researchers in the past or present. The changing paradigm standards for the emergence and development of life were the following theories: preformationism (C. Bonnet), materialistic evolution (C. Darwin), biochemical evolution (A.I. Oparin - J.B.S. Haldane), “Michurin biology” (T.D. Lysenko) synthetic theory evolution (Darwinism + genetics). The following are approaching recognition as paradigms: “nomogenesis” by L.S. Berg as the natural nature of variability and the “theory of punctuated equilibrium” by N. Eldredge and S. Gould as the modern apotheosis of the diverse saltationism hypotheses - “leap-like evolution.” The authors, in 2003, proposed a comprehensive, scientific and apologetic approach to the theory of evolution, combining both materialistic and creation paradigms, putting forward the hypothesis of “creation-saltation preformationism.” 1) Organisms are created by God - creationism. 2) Created with a huge supply of genetic information - preformationism. 3) The transition of one group of organisms to another occurs in jumps, within the framework of genetic information, through the rapid deployment of this information under the influence of changes in the environment, both external and internal - saltationism. Each of the standards recognized at one time by paradigms was declared the ultimate truth, and its non-recognition was branded, at best, with the stamp of ignorance or obscurantism, at worst - with administrative and criminal prosecution. The philosophy of science is designed to help get rid of traditionalism; it is not obliged to be guided by the achievements of predecessors and can think in any original direction.
EDITORIAL NOTE
Authors: Vladimirov Yu. S.
Published: June 2024

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Determinants of Risk in Indonesian Islamic Banking: An Empirical Investigation
Authors: Haryanto Sugeng , Safriliana Retna , Ridloah Siti , Ariefudin Muhammad Umar , Khotimah Lidia Khusnul
Published: June 2024

Islamic banking has witnessed significant growth globally, including in Indonesia, with expansions in both fund mobilization and financing activities. This study analyzes the determinants of risk in Indonesian Islamic banks from 2009 to 2022, focusing on the effects of financing-to-deposit ratio (FDR), financing growth, efficiency, company size, capital adequacy ratio (CAR), and third-party fund (DPK), on non-performing financing (NPF). Utilizing unbalanced panel data and multiple linear regression, the research finds that financing growth and efficiency have negligible effects on risk. In contrast, FDR, company size, CAR, and DPK significantly influence it. Higher FDR is linked to increased risk, while larger banks and higher CAR are associated with reduced risk. The results suggest that Islamic banks should balance financing and deposits to manage risk effectively and emphasize the importance of efficient operations and sustainable growth. This research is limited to the internal aspects of banks as determinants of FDR. Future research could examine external factors and alternative risk measures to deepen the understanding of risk in Islamic banking.==============================================================================================================ABSTRAK – Determinan Risiko Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia: Suatu Kajian Empiris. Perbankan syariah mengalami pertumbuhan yang signifikan secara global, termasuk di Indonesia, terutama dalam hal mobilisasi dana dan aktivitas pembiayaan. Studi ini menganalisis faktor-faktor penentu risiko pada perbankan syariah di Indonesia periode 2009 - 2022. Secara spesifik, kajian ini menguji pengaruh FDR, pertumbuhan pembiayaan, efisiensi, ukuran perusahaan, CAR dan DPK terhadap pembiayaan bermasalah. Dengan menggunakan data panel tidak seimbang (unbalance) dan regresi linier berganda, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pertumbuhan pembiayaan dan efisiensi tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap risiko. Sebaliknya, FDR, ukuran perusahaan, CAR, dan DPK memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadapnya. FDR berkorelasi positif dengan peningkatan risiko, sementara ukuran perusahaan dan CAR berkorelasi negatif dengan pengurangan risiko. Kajian ini menyarankan agar bank-bank syariah menyeimbangkan antara pembiayaan dengan simpanan sehingga dapat mengelola risiko secara efektif dengan penekanan pada efisiensi operasional dan pertumbuhan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini dibatasi pada aspek internal bank sebagai determinan FDR. Penelitian selanjutnya dapat mengkaji faktor-faktor eksternal dan ukuran risiko alternatif untuk memperdalam pemahaman tentang risiko dalam perbankan syariah.
Terapia nutricional para pacientes com COVID-19 internados em UTI:
Authors: Da Paixão da Silva Ana Paula , Índira dos Anjos Ribeiro Iorrana
Published: June 2024

A COVID-19 impacta diretamente em diferentes sistemas do corpo humano, o que torna necessário acompanhamento multidisciplinar e assistência nutricional adequada. Esta revisão integrativa teve como objetivo identificar na literatura a terapia nutricional utilizada em pacientes com COVID-19 internados em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). Para tanto, foi realizada uma busca de artigos, publicados a partir de 2020, nas bases de dados “Scientific Eletronic Library Online” (SciELO) e “US National Libray of Medicine” (Pubmed), no período de fevereiro a março de 2022. Os artigos selecionados demonstraram que durante a ventilação mecânica, o paciente enfermo fica incapacitado de se alimentar por via oral, e por esse motivo, a terapia nutricional enteral deve ser a escolhida. A nutrição parenteral só será utilizada em situações específicas. Quanto às metas energética e proteica, para esses pacientes, essas devem se manter em, aproximadamente, 25 kcal/kg/dia e 1,3 g/kg/dia, respectivamente. Dessa forma, conclui-se que para os pacientes com COVID-19 internados na UTI, a terapia nutricional enteral deve ser a via de oferta preferida, com aporte protéico-calórico que atenda as necessidades do indivíduo.
Identificación de las necesidades del tejido empresarial para la creación de la consultoría en términos administrativos, tributarios y contable en la Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia CCAV Pitalito
Authors: Barrera Suarez Sindy Julieth , García Trujillo Zulma
Published: June 2024

La presente iniciativa de innovación se realiza con el fin implementar una herramienta tecnológica virtualizada y de esta manera brindar consultoría al tejido empresarial en términos Contables. En este proyecto se analiza y determina el desconocimiento que tienen los comerciantes no responsables de IVA del Municipio de Pitalito- Huila, con relación a los aspectos fiscales, legales administrativos y operacionales que son necesarios para constituir un establecimiento de comercio y las obligaciones tributarias que se adquieren al momento de constituirse. En este consultorio virtual se pretende implementar estrategias que le permita al Estudiante del área de las ciencias administrativas, contables y económicas, con asesoría de los docentes; darle a conocer a los comerciantes, las herramientas para la constitución de sus negocios, al mismo tiempo los estudiantes se apropian de las competencias contables, afianzando los conocimientos que se aplican a diario en el quehacer como contadores, iniciando un contacto directo y real con los usuarios. Además, la consultoría contable, va a propiciar la interacción entre la universidad, el estudiante, docentes y entes económicos, este estudio fortalece las competencias que se brindan en el programa; además, los estudiantes serán reconocidos en el ámbito profesional. En el Consultorio contable, el estudiante Unadista, afianza el desarrollo profesional y ético, le permite dar a conocer los conocimientos adquiridos frente a las exigencias del tejido social y empresarial a los futuros contadores públicos.
The enlargement of the European Union towards the Western Balkans and the rule of law as a tool for economic development
Authors: Paçarizi-Osmani Alma , Osmani Fadil
Published: June 2024

The enlargement of the European Union (EU) towards the Western Balkans contains challenges. Although the EU’s goal is its enlargement, some EU countries present skepticism. The Western Balkans have not yet reached the appropriate stage of economic development. The rule of law has been among the main barriers that have hindered their EU integration advancement. This paper is based on the work of Osmani et al. (2022a), Leka et al. (2022), and Qorraj and Jusufi (2018). The aim and objective of this paper are to analyze the enlargement policy of the EU towards the countries of the Western Balkans, focusing on Kosovo. Historical research methods were used to collect facts and chronological data. The main finding of this paper is that the rule of law is the main factor that positively affects the integration of the countries of the Western Balkans into the EU, as well as the increase in the level of economic development. Therefore, as a conclusion, it can be affirmed that integration in the EU is essential for the existence of this region. The relevance of this paper lies in the fact that it deals with an important topic from the field of European integration for small countries like Kosovo.
SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF CURCUMIN AND ATIPRIMOD AS POTENT INHIBITORS OF STAT3 AND IL-6 RECEPTOR IN CHORDOMA CELLS
Authors: Aydemir Esra
Published: June 2024

Chordoma, is a rare bone tumor, which is characterized by a high recurrence rate and drug resistance in addition to its potential for local invasion, and metastasis. It is a low-grade axial skeletal carcinoma derived from notochord remnants. Molecular pathways that underlie the mechanisms of chordoma pathogenesis are partially elucidated, however, the rate of success in treatment remains to be solved. Constitutively active STAT3 and partially active STAT5 suppress anti-tumor immunity, resulting in increased proliferation, survival and aggressiveness of tumor cells. Persistent activation of STAT3 mediates tumor-promoting inflammation. STAT3 upregulates pro-oncogenic inflammatory pathways, including nuclear factor-κB (NFκB), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Janus kinase (JAK) pathways. In conclusion, IL6R and STAT3 are promising targets for rerouting inflammation for cancer therapy. In this study, curcumin and atiprimod agents were applied to chordoma cell lines in combination based on molecular docking analyses. The binding efficacy was found favorable for the treatment with two agents and synergistic anti-cancer effects of this combined application were detected on chordoma cells. Molecular docking analyses together with the in vitro results support the idea that application of IL-6R and Stat3 co-inhibition have lethal effects on chordoma cells.
Controlled Synthesis of Cyclopenta-Fused B2N2-Pyrene and Diazaborepin: Structures and Optical Properties
Authors: Li Wenlong , Liu Zhongzan , Qin Tingting , Jiang Ruijun , Zhang Yanli , Chen Baoquan , Zhang Lei , Liu Xuguang
Published: June 2024

Cyclopenta-fused B2N2-pyrene (B2N2CP) and diazaborepin (NBNM) have been
accomplished from a same bi-indoles pre-cursor in three steps.
Borylative cyclization of bi-indoles precursor with 2.0 equiva-lents
BCl3 afforded NBNM as the major product, whereas increasing the BCl3 to
3.0 equivalents deliv-ered B2N2CP as the major product. Both B2N2CP and
NBNM are highly emissive in solution. B2N2CP emit in deep blue region,
while NBNM emit in the region of blue to green. Moreover, we found that
flu-oride anion addition to the solution of B2N2CP and NBNM led to great
change of their absorption and emission spectra.
Measuring Persistent Effects of Circumstances and Inequality of Opportunity Using Panel Data
Authors: Datt Gaurav , Wellappuli Ravisha , Nguyen John , Martinez, Jr. Arturo , Bulan Joseph Albert Nino
Published: June 2024

This paper examines the evidence on inequality of opportunities or the component of inequality attributable to circumstances beyond a person’s control to help understand how socioeconomic inequalities persist over time. Current approaches to measuring inequality of opportunities mainly depend on analyses of cross-sectional survey data. Using panel data from Thailand and Viet Nam, this paper pioneers a dynamic approach to measuring inequality of opportunities and contributes to the understanding of inequality of opportunity’s temporal variations.
1026-P: Time in Range in Relation to Diabetic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes—A Cross-Sectional Study in a Chinese Population
Authors: WANG SHIYUN , LU JINGYI , LU WEI , ZHU WEI , BAO YUQIAN , ZHOU JIAN
Published: June 2024

Introduction & Objective: With the increased use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), one of the core metrics of CGMs, time in range (TIR), is emerging as a key indicator in the clinical assessment of diabetes complications. This study investigated the relationship between the TIR assessed by CGM and diabetic kidney disease (DKD).

Methods: A total of 1,533 patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited. TIR was defined as the percentage of time spent within the glucose range of 3.9-10.0 mmol/L over a 24-h period. Type 2 diabetes patients with albuminuria ≥ 30 mg/24 h or an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≤ 60 ml/(min × 1.73 m2) were diagnosed with DKD.

Results: The overall prevalence of DKD was 29.7% in this study. TIR was inversely correlated with diabetes duration and HbA1c (P <0.001). Patients with DKD had significantly less TIR (P for trend <0.001) and the prevalence of DKD decreased with ascending TIR quartiles (P for trend <0.001). After adjusting for age, sex, BMI, diabetes duration, blood pressure, lipid profile, and HbA1c, patients in the highest TIR quartile were associated with a lower prevalence of DKD than those in the lowest TIR quartile (OR = 0.541 [95% CI, 0.362-0.810], P = 0.003).

Conclusion: This study reveals that TIR, a core metric assessed by CGM, is associated with DKD in type 2 diabetes.

Disclosure

S. Wang: None. J. Lu: None. W. Lu: None. W. Zhu: None. Y. Bao: None. J. Zhou: None.
1062-P: Peer Coaching Reduces Medication Barriers in African American Patients with Comorbid Diabetes and Hypertension—Results from the SEC Study
Authors: CUMMINGS DOYLE M. , ADAMS ALYSSA , PATIL SHIVAJIRAO P. , CHERRINGTON ANDREA , HALLADAY JACQUIE , SOROKA ORYSYA , BAQUERO ELIZABETH , SAFFORD MONIKA
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Both uncontrolled diabetes and hypertension are more common among rural African Americans, and both rely on proper medication adherence for control. Patient reported medication barriers may impede medication adherence, but optimal strategies for reducing medication barriers in this population are unknown.

Methods: In a cluster randomized trial designed to improve BP control, we evaluated the impact of using trained peer coaches vs. practice-based facilitation, and the combination, compared to usual care on changes in 19 self-reported barriers to medication taking using analysis of variance. Medication barriers were computed as the total number of positive reports from a total of 19 possible barriers and this was assessed at baseline, 6-, and 12-month follow-up.

Results: The study included n=734 African American individuals with diabetes and persistently uncontrolled hypertension (SBP >140mmHg); 60% female; mean age = 59 ± 11.5 yr. The most common barriers reported included not liking to take medications in general (38%), hearing about medication side effects that they were afraid of (31%), allowing medications to run out (29%) or forgetting to fill their prescription(s) on time (28%). Participants randomized to the peer coaching arm reported a significantly greater reduction in the number of medication barriers at 6-month follow-up than did those in the usual care arm (-1.08; p = 0.03). However, this difference was no longer statistically significant at 12 mo. follow-up and was not different when stratified by age (<60 yrs. and ≥60 yrs.). Although systolic BP was lowered more in the peer coaching arm at 6 months than in usual care, there was no statistically significant association with changes in medication barriers.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that patients with diabetes and uncontrolled hypertension report multiple barriers with medications and that peer coaching may reduce self-reported medication barriers.

Disclosure

D.M. Cummings: None. A. Adams: None. S.P. Patil: None. A. Cherrington: Research Support; Genentech, Inc. J. Halladay: None. O. Soroka: None. E. Baquero: None. M. Safford: None.

Funding

National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (4UH3HL130691)