bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate Change Curricula in US Graduate Medical Education: A Scoping Review
Authors: Cois Adrian , Kirkpatrick Sara , Herrin Rachelle
Published: December 2024

Background Climate change threatens humanity’s health and well-being. While climate change topics have been increasingly incorporated into undergraduate medical education, it is unclear to what extent they have been incorporated into graduate medical education (GME) curricula in the United States.

Objective To examine how climate change has been incorporated into GME curricula in the United States.

Methods We conducted a scoping review of published literature from January 2013 through November 2023. PubMed and Scopus were searched, with articles assessed by 3 reviewers in a blinded fashion. Resources were included if they described how climate change is incorporated into GME curricula in the United States, and if they discussed topics such as disaster medicine, mass casualty events, environmental medicine, public health, health policy, wilderness medicine, quality improvement, and sustainability. Articles were analyzed using descriptive numerical analysis and qualitative assessment to identify article characteristics and themes.

Results The inclusion criteria generated 17 articles that examined climate change incorporation into GME curricula and curriculum interventions covering topics used for inclusion. The most common type of article (5 of 17, 29%) employed surveys of program directors on the inclusion of climate-related topics.

Conclusions Published accounts of climate-related topics in US GME program curricula are few. More content is found in topics related to emergency medicine. Curricula frameworks have been proposed for pediatric and internal medicine residency programs, but we know little about their efficacy. Future scholarship should fill these gaps to educate learners to improve health care sustainability and resiliency.
A Novel Longitudinal Training Experience in Obesity Medicine for Internal Medicine Residents
Authors: Neuman Melissa , Kane Jamie , Kline Myriam , Shafer Rebecca , Lambert Douglas C.
Published: December 2024

Background Treatment of obesity is a public health priority. However, little training in obesity medicine is currently integrated into residency programs. We integrated a 12-month obesity medicine training experience within a New York internal medicine residency program.

Objective We describe the structure, feasibility and acceptability, resident assessments, and patient weight loss outcomes of an optional longitudinal obesity medicine training experience for internal medicine residents.

Methods Between July 2016 and June 2021, 26 second-year residents participated in the 12-month program, which comprised 10 educational/clinical sessions overseen by obesity medicine attendings. Residents completed baseline and post-program 5-point surveys of knowledge, competence, and attitudes. Differences at 12 months were analyzed using paired t tests. Resident patient weight loss was analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test.

Results The training experience was successfully integrated over the study period and remains ongoing at present, demonstrating feasibility and acceptability. Fourteen of 26 (54%) residents completed post-program surveys. Significant improvements in all measures of knowledge and competence were seen. The greatest improvements were in comfort discussing weight loss with patients (+1.1; 95% CI 0.8-1.5; P<.001) and prescribing weight loss medications (+1.4; 95% CI 1.1-1.6; P<.001). The 98 patients seen by residents lost an average of 4.5 kilograms (95% CI 3.0-6.0; P<.001).

Conclusions The training experience was feasible and acceptable, and demonstrated improvements in resident outcomes and patient weight.
From Chrysalis to Taking Flight, the Metamorphosis of the ACGME During Dr Thomas Nasca’s Tenure as CEO
Authors: Holmboe Eric S.
Published: December 2024

Thomas J. Nasca, MD, MACP, served as the President and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) for 17 years, with his tenure ending December 2024. During this time he led and supported significant changes in accreditation and medical education. This article will examine the changes during this period through the lens of key themes, including the redesign of the graduate medical education (GME) accreditation model and new and expanded roles that the ACGME assumed during 3 phases between 2007 and 2024: (1) the development years leading to the Next Accreditation System (NAS), (2) implementation of the NAS, and (3) the COVID-19 pandemic.

Launched in 2012, the NAS redesigned accreditation as a balanced combination of assurance- and improvement-focused policies and activities. The NAS served as the foundation for harmonizing GME training through the creation of the single accreditation system. The ACGME also took on new roles within the professional self-regulatory system by tackling difficult issues such as wellness and physician suicide, as well as diversity, equity, and inclusion in medical education. In addition, the ACGME substantially expanded its role as facilitator and educator via the introduction of multiple resources to support GME. However, the medical education landscape remains complex and faces continued uncertainty, especially as it emerges from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The next ACGME President and CEO faces critical issues in GME.
An investigation into the factors contributing to the double registration of African nationals.
Authors: Ismail Salat Amin , P.K. Muhindi Solomon
Published: December 2024

The study objective was to investigate the factors contributing to the double registration of Nationals in Africa. This study adapts constructivism theory, an international relations theory whose historical development dates back to the late 20th century to explains how the role of evolving norms and ideas in international relations, influence state behaviour and policy development on issues like refugee identification. A mixed-methods approach was adopted involving both qualitative and quantitative data for in-depth analysis. Questionnaire, interview guides and focus groups were used for data collection and participants were identified purposively. The study's scope was limited to Garissa County in Northern Kenya, specifically in Dadaab and Fafi Sub-Counties, chosen for their significant population of Kenyan Somali and its proximity toSomalia. A determined sample size of three hundred and ninety (390) respondents was used for this study. Historical and political factors, such as past conflicts and inconsistent government policies, significantly contribute to this issue, alongside socioeconomic disparities and the impact of the 1991 drought, which have driven individuals to seek multiple registrations for survival. The consequences of double registration are severe, leading to denial of opportunities, lack of access to essential services, identity confusion, and legal complications for those affected. To address these challenges, the study recommends enhancing the capacity and infrastructure of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics systems, utilizing biometric and digital identification technologies, developing stringent policies to prevent and address double registration, conducting public awareness campaigns, implementing targeted programs to alleviate socioeconomic disparities, and ensuring that humanitarian aid and social protection programs inclusively reach all individuals regardless of their registration status.
Examination of the biblical and theological foundations of church investment strategy for the improvement of socio-economic standards of Pentecostal Worship Ministry (PWM) members.
Authors: Stephen Asante, Sheti , Kinuthia Regina , Wamalwa Martin
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study was to examine the biblical and theological foundations of church investment strategy for the improvement of socio-economic standards of Pentecostal worship ministry (Pwm) Members. The study was guided by the Functionalism Theory by Emile Durkheim. The study used a descriptive research design. The targets population was 1230 church members. The sample size was 369 respondents, which was selected through simple random and purposive sampling. Both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection were used. The qualitative data was collected using interviews and focused groupdiscussions. Quantitative data was collected using closed-ended questionnaire. The qualitative data was analyzed thematically following the objectives of the study, while quantitative data was analyzed using statistical package for the social science version 28 for windows and presented using tables and charts. This study reveals that 72.4% of respondents recognize the Bible’s endorsement of investment principles, emphasizing diligent work and resource multiplication. Interviews and focus group discussions reinforce this perspective, highlighting the role of investments in enhancing socio-economic standards. The studyconcludes that PWM leaders are successfully educating their congregations about investments, promoting self-sufficiency and economic growth. By aligning investment strategies with biblical teachings, PWM members are improving their livelihoods and addressing socio-economic challenges within their community. Recommendations include enhancing biblical teaching on investments, providing financial management training for church leaders, forming church-based investment groups, and creating financial support systems for members.
Treatment of tannery effluent from Sharada Industrial Estate in Kano, Nigeria with porous clays
Authors: Umudi Ese Q. , Umudi Ogheneyoma P. , Igere Okeoghene F. , Diakparomre Ovovwe
Published: December 2024

The tannery industry plays a significant role economically, but it negatively hampers the environment by elevating the concentration of pollutants during the tanning process. The geochemical and mineralogical properties of two Nigeria clay samples were studied by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) and X-ray diffractometer respectively. Clay samples were obtained from Ozanagogo and Otor-Edo in Delta State, coded OZ and OT respectively. Column clay packed with pebbles in a ratio of 1:4 was used for the purification/removal of pollutants using batch method. Results revealed that the pH of the treated effluents increased from 3.7 to 6.9 and 8.2. Turbidity values reduced from 63.00 NTU to 0.2 NTU and 0.5 NTU, while COD values dropped from 877.00 mg/L to 2.71 mg/L and 15 mg/L, and BOD values decreased from 350.00 mg/L to 0.71 mg/L and 5.00 mg/L. A reduction in chloride levels from 2650.00 mg/L to 97 mg/L and 102.00 mg/L was also observed, while treatment of the effluents brought the bacterial count from 1.9x108 to nil, using both clay samples. The mineralogical study revealed that kaolinite was the most abundant clay mineral in both clay types, while hematite was the least abundant in both samples. This paper studied the use of locally sourced material (clays) in treating tannery effluent, and compared the values of the treated effluent with WHO, SON and NESREA standards for drinking water. This study has shown that the porous clay method is an effective purification system using cost-effective, locally-sourced materials and a simple decentralized treatment method.
Adopting place-based learning as a pedagogical strategy in Textile Technology teacher education
Authors: Sebele F , Wood L , Du Toit A
Published: December 2024

Changes in education globally have ushered in several modifications in the context in which students learn. To align with these changes, teacher education must also be modified. Our line of reasoning in this study is that the use of place-based learning in teaching textile technology could transform student teachers’ learning experiences and contribute to the development of 21st-century attributes. The community’s involvement in place-based learning could also contribute to refining students’ skills, consequently fostering their entrepreneurship in the textile field. A self-study genre of action research was adopted. Data was gathered through document analysis, reflective journals and focus group interviews with conveniently sampled Zimbabwean textile technology teacher education students. Thematic analysis revealed that place-based learning is an effective pedagogy for developing skills that students could utilise to create income-generating projects. We conclude that place-based learning as a teaching-learning approach contributed to students learning how to design and manage the project as well as develop transversal skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, communication and teamwork. We suggest that place-based learning be utilised in other comparable Home Economics-related subjects to enable the fostering of similar 21st-century skills and competencies, with the bonus of benefits for the communities in which it is implemented.
Assessment of sperm quality of communal goats in the hard-veld region of Botswana
Authors: France K. , Monau P.I. , Moreri U. , Waugh E.
Published: December 2024

The objective of this study was to assess semen characteristics of bucks kept under communal management systems in the hard-veld, southern part of Botswana. In early autumn, semen was collected from 22 bucks ranging from ≤ 2 to ≥5 years old across 20 randomly-selected communal farms using an electro-ejaculator. The buck type, age, live weight, and scrotal circumference were recorded prior to semen collection. Semen characteristics assessed were semen colour, ejaculated volume, sperm cell concentration, sperm motility, as well as morphology. The data were examined using analysis of variance with a general linear model in SAS. The common buck breed kept by communal farmers was a non-descript (mixed) breed (86%) and the Boer goat (14%) was in minority. The most predominant semen colour was creamy. The breed did not influence live weight, scrotal circumference, and semen characteristics. The younger bucks (≤2 years) had substantially lower live weight, scrotal circumference, and ejaculated semen volume than the older bucks. Semen characteristics did not differ substantially across the ages except for the sperm concentration, which was lower in bucks ≤2 years compared to ≥5 years. Live weight was strongly correlated (r = 0.81) to scrotal circumference and moderately correlated (r = 0.60) to the ejaculated semen volume. The study provides an insight into semen quality and prediction of fertility for bucks kept under a communal management system.
Effect of different dietary fibre raw material sources on production and gut development in fast-growing broilers
Authors: Fourie A.B. , Wandrag D.B.R.
Published: December 2024

Many studies have been published recently about the beneficial effect of different fibre sources in a broiler diet. To assess the effects of raw material sources available in southern Africa, a trial was done with four treatments: control diet, 2% sunflower hulls, 2% malt culms, and 0.8% of a commercial lignocellulose product. Using a completely randomised block design, each treatment had 24 repetitions (96 pens in total), with 48 birds per pen. The effects were measured weekly by assessing production parameters, gut development, and the humoral immune response. Production parameters were measured per pen, gut measurements were done on 12 birds per treatment each week, and humoral immune response on 24 birds per treatment at 32 days. The promising responses seen in previous studies on fibre sources such as sugar beet pulp and oat hulls were not fully repeated here with the local fibre sources. There were no statistical differences from the control group based on production parameters. Sunflower hulls produced a substantial improvement over the control group with regards to caecal and overall intestinal lengths at 7 d. There was a numerical improvement in gizzard weights at 7 d for the malt culms group. No marked differences were detected in serology. The results indicate that there could be merit in including sunflower hulls in the pre-starter period (days 0–7), although it did not translate to production advantages here. Different inclusion levels should be investigated.
Short Communication - A new perspective on the association between radio-immuno and ELISA progesterone assays in Indonesian goats
Authors: Santoso S. , Mahari D. A. , Sitaresmi P. I. , Anwar R. I. , Lupitasari F. B. I. , Herdis H. , Pamungkas F. A.
Published: December 2024

The Indonesian Kacang goat (Capra hircus) is fecund and is perfect for tropical countries but its production and population have not been optimised. Livestock reproductive improvement requires hormone monitoring. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and radio-immuno assay (RIA) are required for precise progesterone quantification. To our knowledge, this is the first study to compare progesterone estimation methods in Indonesian Kacang goats and correlate them with corpus luteum size throughout an oestrus cycle standardized using oestrus synchronisation. All periods showed a high ELISA–RIA correlation. The data also showed that CL and progesterone concentrations were highly correlated until day 8 but uncorrelated thereafter. Our study found that the two methods were qualitatively similar but required different quantitative range standards. This research emphasizes that the comparison of progesterone hormone test results will differ when different assays are used and data on the range of deviation using these two methods is required.
Effects of rearing systems on growth performance and meat quality of Wuding chickens
Authors: Huang W. , Du Y.L. , Ran J.S. , Li J. , Yang X.J.
Published: December 2024

The study was conducted to investigate the different rearing systems on growth performance and meat quality of Wuding chickens (local native breeds in Yunnan Province of P. R. China). A total of 240, 70-day-old Wuding chickens with similar weight were divided into two groups of healthy Wuding chickens: (1) chickens caged-reared at the Poultry Unit of Yunnan Agricultural University, and fed a commercial feed and (2) chickens reared free-range in the gardens or meadows where there was no animal epidemic in Wuding county of Yunnan Province; free-range chickens were provided corn, wheat bran, and grass. The growth performance of caged Wuding chickens was substantially higher than that of free-range chickens. Crude protein content in the breast muscle of free-range cocks was substantially higher than that of caged cocks. The crude ash content of free-range chickens was substantially higher than that of caged chickens. Four essential amino acids (Thr, Leu, Phe and Lys), total essential amino acids and total amino acids in breast muscle of the free-range Wuding chickens were substantially higher than that in caged Wuding chickens. In the free-range mode, the C12:0, C18:l n-9t, C18:1, C18:2 n-6c, C20:0, C20:4, C20:5 n-3, C22:6; total, polyunsaturated, unsaturated, and essential fatty acids in breast muscle of the free-range Wuding chickens were substantially higher than that in caged Wuding chicken. The meat quality of the Wuding chickens was improved by free-range management.
Carcass traits and primal pork cuts of growing Windsnyer pigs fed diets containing Amarula oil cake
Authors: Thabethe F. , Hlatini V.A. , De Almeida A.M. , Chimonyo M.
Published: December 2024

Carcass characteristics and primal pork cuts of local pig breeds are rarely documented, therefore, the current study was conducted to establish the relation between incremental levels of Amarula oil cake (AOC), carcass traits, primal pork cuts, and relative internal organ weight of Windsnyer pigs. Twenty-five clinically healthy, growing, male Windsnyer pigs with an initial body weight of 19.92 ± 8.74 kg (mean ± standard deviation) were used. Pigs were used in their growing period when they were about 67 days old. The study lasted six weeks excluding one week of adaptation period. Pigs were allotted to pens in a completely randomized design and assigned to each of the five experimental diets, which contained 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 g/kg DM of Amarula oil cake, respectively. Feed and water were offered ad libitum. Post slaughter, data for carcass characteristics, primal pork cuts, and relative organ weights of Windsnyer pigs were analysed using polynomial regression. There was a negative linear relationship between increasing levels of Amarula oil cake, carcass length, warm carcass weight and cold carcass weight. Stomach weight, backfat thickness, drip loss, and the hepatosomatic index increased linearly with increasing levels of Amarula oil cake. The kidneys, small intestines, and large intestine weight had a quadratic response to Amarula oil cake inclusion level. The heart, lungs, and spleen were not related to increasing levels of Amarula oil cake inclusion. Incremental levels of Amarula oil cake diets impaired carcass characteristics and the selected visceral organs, therefore Windsnyer pigs can be fed Amarula oil cake up to100 grams per kilograms dry matter.
From the personal to the academic
Authors: Macías-Gómez-Estern Beatriz , Tarazona-Ochoa Vibian Andrea
Published: December 2024

The article analyses the advantages and convenience of using autoethnographic methodology in researching the impact of migration processes on migrant women's identities. It compares autoethnography with other qualitative and quantitative methods, highlighting autoethnography's ability to capture personal and subjective experiences, empower the researcher and encourage reflexivity. Autoethnographic methodology is contrasted with phenomenology, ethnography, grounded theory, narrative analysis and quantitative methods, with concrete examples of each approach. Previous studies using autoethnography in similar contexts are presented and a research design specific to the phenomenon under study is proposed, addressing methodological justifications, challenges and ethical considerations. The analysis shows that autoethnography is an essential and highly interesting tool for understanding the complexity of migrant identity from a gendered and decolonial perspective.
Las autopsias sociales como herramienta metodológica en la investigación de suicidios femicidas/feminicidas
Authors: Rodríguez Rosana Paula , Azuri Flavia Alejandra , Barbato Stocker Macarena
Published: December 2024

En este artículo nos proponemos presentar una reflexión crítica situada desde los feminismos del sur en torno de las circunstancias y acontecimientos previos a la muerte violenta por suicidio femicida/feminicida de Liliana, como así también algunos elementos de análisis de los procedimientos institucionales, policiales y judiciales que le siguieron. La metodología se sostiene en la técnica de autopsias sociales colectivas y personales a familiares, amigues y allegades de Liliana. La propuesta contribuye en la co-producción de “biografías liminales” de cuerpos no duelables que reclaman una acción colectiva rebelde e inacabada, relegando a la desolación los efectos sociales que produce la impunidad, para en su lugar irradiar una política feminista postmortem.
mujer migrante en la novela "Las voces del estrecho" de Andrés Sorel
Authors: Ouahib Mohammed
Published: December 2024

El objetivo principal que se propone este artículo consiste en analizar la imagen que se construye de la mujer migrante, siendo el discurso sobre la otredad uno de los temas constantes en la literatura española contemporánea sobre inmigración. En este contexto se sitúa la obra Las voces del Estrecho de Andrés Sorel que manifiesta la imagen del Otro, sobre todo de la mujer migrante. Aunque el autor demuestra su nítida solidaridad hacia las/los inmigrantes, salta a la vista la presencia de estereotipos, prejuicios y xenofobia que contribuyen especialmente a la violencia de género, la exclusión y la marginación. En consecuencia, intentamos analizar la representación de la mujer migrante en la sociedad española, a través del enfoque metodológico de la imagología cuya importancia radica en el estudio de la imagen del Otro en los textos literarios, siguiendo el análisis propuesto por el estudioso francés Daniel Henri-Pageaux.
Prediction of the Friction Coefficient Based on the Hysteresis Value of Rubber
Authors:   Academy of Technical-Educational Vocational Studies Niš, Aleksandra Medvedeva 20, Niš, Serbia, Nikolić Milan , Banić Milan ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of Niš, Pavlović Milan ,   Academy of Technical-Educational Vocational Studies Niš, Aleksandra Medvedeva 20, Niš, Serbia, Pavlović Vukašin ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of Niš, Miltenović Aleksandar ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of Niš
Published: December 2024

This paper describes the prediction of the friction coefficient based on the measured hysteresis value of rubber used for shoe soles, including other parameters that affect the friction coefficient, such as hardness, tile roughness, sliding speed, and surface condition. Data collection necessary for the design and development of the neural network was conducted by testing the friction coefficient on a test device specially designed for that purpose. Data on rubber hysteresis was also collected through measurements using a tensile testing machine. Since the hysteresis of rubber is crucial for its characteristics, it is introduced in this paper as an important parameter that influences the friction coefficient and for friction prediction using ANN.
Optimizing Energy Efficiency in Agricultural Mulchers: A Review of Fuzzy Control System
Authors:   University of Niš, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Mechatronics and Control, Aleksandra Medvedeva 14, 18000 Niš, Serbia, Stojanović Lazar , Simonović Miloš ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Mechatronics and Control, Aleksandra Medvedeva 14, 18000 Niš, Serbia, Rangelov Damjan ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Mechatronics and Control, Aleksandra Medvedeva 14, 18000 Niš, Serbia, Perić Marko ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Mechatronics and Control, Aleksandra Medvedeva 14, 18000 Niš, Serbia, Miljković Natalija ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Department of Control Systems, Aleksandra Medvedeva 4, 18104 Niš, Serbia, Radojković Ivan ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Pedagogy, Partizanska 14, 17500 Vranje, Serbia
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the use of fuzzy controller to enhance energy efficiency and reduce the likelihood of overloading in agricultural tools, specifically focusing on mulchers. By integrating fuzzy logic techniques, the study aims to outline how optimizing the operational parameters of the mulcher could lead to smoother performance and minimized energy consumption. MATLAB is proposed as a suitable platform for future simulations and analyses to evaluate the effectiveness of the fuzzy control strategy. The AgAR robotic platform is highlighted as a potential power source for the agricultural tool, enabling real-time adjustments and monitoring. The review discusses the possible benefits and challenges of implementing fuzzy control systems in modern agriculture, contributing to ongoing efforts to improve the performance of agricultural machinery and promote more sustainable farming practices.
Pengaruh Mutasi, Lingkungan Kerja dan Pemberian Tunjangan Kinerja Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja yang di Mediasi oleh Kepuasan Kerja di Lingkungan Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Madiun
Authors: Sarmuji  , Qomari Nurul
Published: December 2024

Penelitian tersebut bermaksud guna menganalisa dampak mutasi, lingkungan kerja, serta pemberian tunjangan kinerja atas kepuasan kerja dan produktivitas kerja di Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Madiun. Studi tersebut memakai cara kuantitatif melalui pendekatan survei yang melibatkan 116 responden. Keterangan dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang dirancang untuk mengukur variabel-variabel tersebut dan di analisis menggunakan analisis jalur dengan bantuan Smart PLS sebagai alat untuk mengolah data. Temuan penelitian memastikan bahwasanya mutasi mempunyai dampak signifikan atas kepuasan kerja, di mana mutasi yang dirancangkan melalui baik serta selaras melalui keahlian karyawan dapat meningkatkan kepuasan kerja. Area kerja juga ditemukan mempunyai dampak signifikan atas kepuasan kerja, menunjukkan bahwa area kerja yang kondusif serta mendukung dapat meningkatkan kepuasan karyawan. Selain itu, pemberian tunjangan kinerja yang adil dan sesuai dengan pencapaian karyawan juga terbukti berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja.
Nexus between Women Empowerment and Sustainable Development in Low-Income Countries: Insights from Panel ARDL Model
Authors: Salma Umm-e- , Shah Muhammad Naeem , Mumtaz Shahana , Ali Muhammad Sibt-e-
Published: December 2024

This analysis investigates the impact of women's empowerment on sustainable development in low-income countries using a panel dataset from 2001 to 2020. For data estimation, panel unit root techniques, Pedroni cointegration test, panel ARDL and causality tests are used. Panel ARDL long-run outcomes point out that the variables women empowerment, human capital, life expectancy at birth, and trade openness are positively and significantly related to sustainable development, while the variable agriculture growth has a negative and significant impact on sustainable development in low-income countries. Keeping in view the study outcomes, it is concluded that women empowerment is playing an important role in influencing sustainable development in low-income countries, so policymakers of these countries need to improve the status of women by providing health, education and employment facilities for women to improve the sustainable development of a country.
SARS-CoV-2: Eine Nachlese
Authors: Gürtler Lutz
Published: December 2024

Im Mai 2023 hat die Weltgesundheitsorganisation den COVID-19-Gesundheitsnotstand offiziell für beendet erklärt. In dieser Nachlese wird erörtert, welche Konsequenzen in der Bevölkerung und in der Politik während und aus der Epidemie gezogen worden sind und was in Zukunft verbessert werden kann. Denn: Die nächste Epidemie kommt bestimmt. Die Frage ist nur, wann und welcher Infektionserreger es diesmal sein wird.
Immunotyping: Alternative oder Notlösung?
Authors: Sack Ulrich , Frey Oliver
Published: December 2024

Bei der Untersuchung auf Plasmazellneoplasien kommen nach Empfehlung der International Myeloma Working Group die Serumquantifizierung freier Leichtketten, die Serumproteinelektrophorese und die Serum-Immunfixationselektrophorese zum Einsatz. Mit der Immuntypisierung steht ein (semi-) automatisiertes Verfahren zum Nachweis und zur Typisierung von monoklonalen Komponenten zur Verfügung.
CAR-T-Zellen: Vielversprechende Therapieoption für B-Zell-Malignome
Authors: Friedrich Maik , Sack Ulrich
Published: December 2024

Das Immunsystem kann bei der Verhinderung der Tumorentstehung oder der Bekämpfung von Tumoren eine bedeutende Rolle einnehmen. Daher werden zahlreiche Immuntherapieoptionen erforscht. Die CAR-T-Zell-Therapie kommt in der Hämatoonkologie bereits seit mehreren Jahren erfolgreich zum Einsatz und hat durchaus auch
Potenzial, weitere Einsatzgebiete zu erschließen.
La inteligencia emocional en la educación física de primaria y secundaria: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Rivas Johan , Álvarez Juan José , Sandoval-Obando Eduardo
Published: December 2024

Emotional intelligence is a key factor for the social and mental well-being of students, as it allows them to perceive, understand, and regulate their emotions. In the field of Physical Education, various studies indicate that it can be considered a skill that contributes to achieving more significant learning in the classroom, as teachers can positively reinforce students' emotions through their generative behaviors. Additionally, physical activity and sports are effective tools for improving emotional balance and the physical and mental well-being of students, demonstrating the close relationship between both aspects. The objective of this systematic review is to identify the most significant experiences in the classroom that work on emotional intelligence through sports, as well as to clarify the instruments, strategies, and results of the studies to verify their effectiveness. The articles included in the review were published between 2018 and 2023 in the Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases. Initially, 582 articles were identified, but after applying inclusion criteria, only 9 articles met the research objectives. It has been evidenced that it is important to integrate a systematic model of emotional skills in teacher training. Additionally, it has been discovered that emotional intelligence with its practical applications could be considered a strategy with a significant impact in the classroom.
Effects of a Kundalini Yoga programme on cardiorespiratory fitness and health-related quality of life in university students
Authors: López-Fuenzalida Antonio Eduardo , Valdés-Badlla Pablo , Varas-Yupátova Ludmila , Moya-Sauer Pía , Romero-Gustavino Clara , Zepeda-Díaz Monserrat , Báez-SanMartín Eduardo
Published: December 2024

Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour are significant risk factors for diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mental health disorders. Kundalini Yoga (KY) is recognised for its potential to improve physical and mental health.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of a 6-week KY program on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in physically inactive university students.
Methodology: A randomised controlled trial with a parallel-group, double-blind design included 26 university students divided into a Yoga group (YG, n=13) and a control group (CG, n=13). The YG completed twelve KY sessions over six weeks (two per week). Assessments included peak oxygen consumption (VO₂peak) and the SF-36 HRQoL questionnaire. A repeated measures analysis assessed the time×group interaction effect with post-hoc analysis (alpha= .05).
Results: Significant improvements were observed in YG for relative (∆=3.21; d=0.66) and absolute (∆=173.07; d=0.40) VO₂peak, and maximal effort test performance (∆=12.31; d=0.34). YG showed significant enhancements in the general health dimension of HRQoL (∆=20.0), physical function (∆=5.0), and overall behaviour (∆=12.9), while CG improved only in physical function (∆=5.0).
Discussion The findings suggest that KY provides greater improvements in CRF and comparable enhancements in HRQoL compared to other yoga styles, even within a shorter intervention period. KY appears effective as a health-promoting intervention.
Conclusions: Twelve sessions of KY over 6 weeks significantly improved CRF and HRQoL in physically inactive university students. A KY program is recommended for physically inactive individuals who wish to adopt an active lifestyle and improve their CRF and HRQoL.
Bridging the Gap: Challenges and Strategies for Corporate Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction
Authors: Lee Cheng-Wen , Fu Mao-Wen
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the challenges and dilemmas that enterprises face in pursuing energy conservation and carbon reduction. It emphasizes that while promoting carbon reduction not only helps protect the environment and enhances corporate image, but also leads to long-term operational cost savings, numerous hurdles still exist in practice. These challenges include technical constraints, high investment costs, and uncertainties surrounding policies and regulations. Current literature largely focuses on the impact of macro policies on corporate carbon reduction, often neglecting a micro-level analysis of firms' motivations and practices, especially among small and medium-sized enterprises and non-high-emission industries. This study systematically identifies the factors influencing corporate energy conservation and carbon reduction through comprehensive text and policy analysis. The findings suggest that policy formulation should take into account the varying sizes of enterprises, increase oversight of larger companies, offer targeted support for SMEs, and work to bridge the capacity gap among businesses. As countries actively implement emissions reduction policies, companies are becoming more aware of and responsive to the need for lowering carbon emissions; however, sustained efforts are essential to achieve long-term objectives. The study provides several suggestions for governments to develop differentiated policy measures, enhance corporate education and training initiatives, promote the adoption of new technologies, improve regulatory incentive mechanisms, and establish industry-specific emissions reduction roadmaps. At the enterprise level, it is crucial to integrate carbon reduction into long-term strategies and align it with the industry supply chain. Achieving the goal of net-zero carbon emissions will necessitate collaborative efforts from governments, businesses, and society as a whole.

JEL classification numbers: H25, I115, J48.
Keywords: Carbon Emissions, Energy Conservation, Carbon Dioxide, Greenhouse Gases.
Efectos de la terapia hormonal con drospirenona/17 β–estradiol sobre el control de los síntomas climatéricos
Authors:   Instituto de Anatomía Histología y Patología Universidad Austral de Chile, Urdaneta Machado José Ramón
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos de la terapia de reemplazo hormonal (TRH), Drospírenona (DRSP) más 17 beta-estradiol (E2), en el control de los síntomas climatéricos en pacientes atendidas en la consulta de Ginecología del Hospital “Dr. Manuel Noriega Trigo”. Pacientes y Métodos: Se realizó una investigación comparativa y aplicada, con diseño cuasi experimental, de casos y controles a simple ciego, longitudinal prospectivo y de campo; con una muestra aleatoria sistemática de 120 mujeres separadas al azar para recibir bien sea la combinación DRSP/E2 (Grupo A) o un placebo (Grupo B). Se evaluaron los síntomas climatéricos mediante la entrevista clínica antes y posterior a 6 meses de haber recibido esta TH.
Resistance profile of pathogenic bacteria isolated in a hospital in the municipality of Monteria – Colombia, during the period 2020 – 2022
Authors:   Medisinu Specialist Center, Colombia, Mass-Martínez Valentina
Published: December 2024

Antibiotics are the most widely used drugs and play a fundamental role in treating infectious diseases worldwide. General objective: To describe the resistance profiles of pathogenic bacteria isolated at the E.S.E Hospital San Jerónimo during the period 2020 – 2022 in Monteria, Colombia. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study considered the patients’ clinical histories. Results: A total of 3 050 samples were obtained. Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii were isolated more frequently in blood samples; Klebsiella pneumonae was isolated more frequently in urine samples; while Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter cloacae were isolated in bronchial samples and secretions. Gram-negative bacteria (78 %) were isolated more frequently than Gram-positive bacteria. The most frequently identified Gram-positive bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus; while in Gram-negative bacteria it was Escherichia coli.
Education and Health. Learning healthy habits among Colombian students: A study on attitudes towards food
Authors:   American University of Europe, Quintana Roo, Mexico, Durango Oquendo María Teresa
Published: December 2024

This study employs an attitude change approach to examine the effectiveness of diverse pedagogical strategies in conveying human nutrition concepts. The objective was to evaluate the impact of these strategies on knowledge and attitudes towards food. It was employed the DIAC method, which combines qualitative and quantitative approaches, and included 100 secondary school students and 129 families from a public educational institution in Colombia. A learning unit on human nutrition was implemented for the students, while the families completed a survey to assess their perceptions of family nutrition. The study yielded several key outcomes, including changes in attitudes toward food, knowledge acquisition, behavioral modification, and the consolidation of students’ cognitive structures.
Development of strategies to reduce mental health disorders for adolescents in Pinrang South Sulawesi, Indonesia: A qualitative Study
Authors:   Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Muslim University of Indonesia, Mahmud Nur Ulmy
Published: December 2024

Adolescents are susceptible to mental disorders due to family problems, peer problems, and personal stress. Problems are inevitable, but strong people can overcome difficulties in their own way. This means that the ability to survive will turn problems into challenges. This study aims to explore in depth the strategies that must be developed to overcome mental health disorders for students in Pinrang Regency. This study is qualitative research using a literature review approach related to developing strategies to reduce mental health disorders in adolescents. In addition, focus group discussion (FGD) and in-depth interview techniques were used. The informants involved in this study came from the health office, the education and culture office, school principals, teachers in the field of Counseling Guidance (BK), teachers in the field of arts, culture, and works (SBK), students and parents of students.
Factores de planificación familiar en Pinar del Río: Análisis comunitario
Authors:   Estudiante de octavo semestre de Instrumentación Quirúrgica. Universidad Libre Seccional Barranquilla Semillerista SEINSQUL, Abuabara Barraza Sara , Domínguez Lozano Brayan
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar factores sociodemográficos y familiares relacionados con el uso de métodos de planificación familiar en el barrio Pinar del Río, al sur de Barranquilla. Se encuestaron personas de 20 a 70 años, de ambos sexos, en un barrio de estrato 1 de la ciudad. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal que analizó a 253 residentes del sector. Se exploraron características sociodemográficas como edad, género, papel familiar, nivel de Sisbén y estado civil. Además, se investigaron prácticas sexuales, métodos anticonceptivos y presencia de enfermedades de transmisión sexual.
Estresores académicos como predictores del burnout académico en estudiantes universitarios de la Amazonía peruana
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Amazónica de Madre de Dios, Perú, Estrada-Araoz Edwin Gustavo
Published: December 2024

Introducción: El burnout académico es un fenómeno común entre estudiantes que enfrentan altas demandas académicas, estrés y presión, lo cual puede afectar negativamente su bienestar y desempeño académico. Objetivo: Determinar los estresores académicos que predicen el burnout académico en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios de la Amazonía peruana. Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, no experimental y predictivo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 463 estudiantes de una universidad privada, a quienes se les administró el Cuestionario de Estresores Académicos y el Maslach Burnout Inventory Student Survey, instrumentos con adecuados niveles de validez y confiabilidad. Los datos se procesaron mediante el uso del software estadístico SPSS versión 25.
Desenlaces clínicos respiratorios de la neuroestimulación diafragmática invasiva en pacientes adultos. Una revisión de alcance
Authors:   Docente Facultad de Salud, Grupo de Investigación en Salud Integral, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Valle Colombia., Monsalve García Adriana
Published: December 2024

Introducción: La neuroestimulación diafragmática invasiva (TTDN) es una terapia temporal que estimula el nervio frénico en pacientes con ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI), y tiene como finalidad aumentar el éxito del destete ventilatorio en pacientes con soporte invasivo prolongado. Objetivo: Revisar los desenlaces clínicos respiratorios de la neuroestimulación diafragmática en pacientes adultos con VMI en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión de alcance de ensayos clínicos publicados entre 2012 y 2022 en idiomas inglés, español y portugués. La búsqueda se ejecutó en las bases de datos PubMed, Web of Science, y en los buscadores ScienceDirect, y Biblioteca Virtual en Salud.
Evaluación neuropsicológica en un caso de síndrome de Lance Adams
Authors:   Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Ciudad de México, México. Doctor en Neurociencias. Investigador posdoctral en la Unidad de Cognición y Conducta del INNN, Salvatierra Andreé
Published: December 2024

El síndrome de Lance Adams (SLA) es una raraencefalopatía postanóxica que cursa con mioclonías secundarias y ataxia cerebelosa. Se presenta una paciente de 35 años con hipoxia cerebral consecuente a ingesta de benzodiacepinas, exitosamente reanimada y con presentación de mioclonías generalizadas posteriores. La exploración neuropsicológica con la prueba de MoCA, figura compleja de Rey, trail making test, stroop test, set test e índice de Barthel, evidencian alteraciones en la velocidad de procesamiento, atención, manejo visoespacial, praxias constructivas, memoria y funciones ejecutivas. Así, el inicio clásico, semiología, los hallazgos del electroencefalograma con anormalidad y el enlentecimiento de ondas theta son compatibles para SLA.
Optimization of therapeutic management for heartburn
Authors:   Department of Clinical Disciplines 1, Osh State University, 723500, Osh, Kyrgyz Republic., Tajibaeva Feruzakhan
Published: December 2024

One of the most common symptoms of gastrointestinal tract diseases is heartburn caused by biliary reflux. This symptom is prevalent in East Asian countries due to the predominance of spicy, fried foods with high fat content. Purpose: enhance the condition and quality of life for patients by focusing on optimizing treatment protocols and interventions. This involved a detailed examination of current treatment methods and exploring improvements to increase their effectiveness and efficiency. Method: 133 patients with symptoms of heartburn on the background of various diseases of the biliary system, in combination with other symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract, were selected to examine the subject. Individual schemes of complex treatment of heartburn in patients with alkaline reflux are developed, including prokinetic (Itomed) drugs in combination with ursodeoxycholic acid (Ursosan).
Catastrophic health expenditure as a proxy for financial protection in Latin America: Data and policy gaps
Authors:   Professor, Simon Bolívar University (USB), Venezuela. National Corresponding Member No. 39 of the National Academy of Medicine. Member of the Latin American Academy of Sciences (ACAL). Associate Researcher, University of La Rioja, Spain., González R Marino J.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: This paper aims to analyze the available information on health financial protection coverage, specifically the proportion of the population in catastrophic health expenditure situations in Latin American countries. Methods: Information was obtained from two databases: (1) Health Equity and Financial Protection Indicators (HEFPI) of the World Bank, and (2) SDG Monitoring developed between WHO and the World Bank. In each database, the household sample surveys available for estimating catastrophic health expenditure at the threshold of 10 % of monthly income were identified and the dates on which they were carried out.