bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From the Vocabulary of the Local Culture: Family Beekeeping
Authors: Vaitkevičius Vykintas
Published: November 2022

The article presents and summarizes the fieldwork data from 2011–2015, focusing on the custom of keeping nominal hives by the family members, still surviving in the family of Janina Arlauskytė-Garbenienė, born in Trumpainiai village (Laukuva parish, Šilalė district) and residing in Vašilėnai (Karklėnai parish, Kelmė district). In the 20th century, the whole beekeeping part of Janina mother’s family – that of Ona Milašiūtė-Arlauskienė followed this custom. It was also partly characteristic to the branch of her father Petras Arlauskis’ family from Senasis Obelynas. The way that Janina’s relatives and some other beekeepers from this region describe beekeeping, clearly indicates that Janina’s way of doing it follows the general pattern of Lithuanian traditional beekeeping. Her family members are engaged in traditional ways of sharing the bees and the honey (Lith. bičiulystė), as well as feeling obliged to help their mother or grandmother in taking care of the bees.The family way of beekeeping, practiced by Garbenienė closely relates to the Lithuanian notion of happiness and good fortune; it is also a particular way of creating and supporting the family bonds; the same caring and engagement can manifest in the rites of calendar festivals or by other means.Besides, the data used in the article supports the assumption of Algirdas Julius Greimas maintaining that traditionally, the sons leaving their parents’ household sought beekeeping wives, thus solving the complicated issues of acquiring new property and inheritance. The results of this study differ from those of Greimas in one respect though: in the families of Milašiai and Arlauskiai, the sons-in-law did not engage in beekeeping and the initiative of starting the family could belong to the beekeeping women rather than men. The women’s involvement in beekeeping, so apparent in Samogitia, presents the subject for future investigation.It is noteworthy, that in Lithuania collective beekeeping is common among not only friends and neighbors, but among members of the family, or relatives. Researchers have so far overlooked this respect, ignoring the fact that beekeeping supplied a bond between generations, between the living and the dead. This determined the sacred core of the family relationship, including kindness, sincerity, love, hard work and mutual respect. According to the research, the placement of beehives in Janina’s apiary corresponds to her family structure
Reflections of Folk Pedagogics in Lithuanian Proverbs, Proverbial Phrases and Situational Sayings
Authors: Kašėtienė Rasa
Published: November 2022

The article discusses traditional upbringing of children in the Lithuanian countryside that extensively employed popular proverbs, proverbial phrases and situational sayings. The author also presents numerous examples of the folklore genre in question, illustrating this function and reflecting the folk pedagogics.The chief task of parents has always been raising honest and hard-working children; therefore, the little ones had to learn adhering to the norms of Christian morality: i.e. respecting their parents, abstaining from stealing or lying, getting used to work from early age. In addition, children were supposed to be well behaved, polite, and respectful to their elders, particularly to their grandparents, and refrain from interrupting the grown-ups. Much attention was paid to esthetic education of children. The child’s language, walking, movements, manners received esthetic appreciation; clothes and cleanliness were important as well. These characteristics grew particularly significant, when the young ones started participating in the life of the village community: having received their basic education at home, children subsequently knew the proper ways of behaving in public. The village community scrutinized the behavior of children and young people very closely; every case of misdemeanor or inappropriate acts received immediate reaction. For the sake of laconicism, people often used proverbs and proverbial phrases or situational sayings to describe typical situations; coarse or vulgar lexis was also popular. Usually, rather than scolding the misbehaved children or young people, the grown-ups were likely to gibe or sneer at them, particularly in public. Some of the sayings presented in the article applied not only to children.
Foreword
Authors: Žičkienė Aušra
Published: November 2022

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Mythical Images of the Solar Carriage and Ship: the Heavenly Body in the Course of an Astronomical Day
Authors: Laurinkienė Nijolė
Published: November 2022

The article focuses on the mythical image of the Sun, one of the most important heavenly bodies that people used to observe since times immemorial. The author uses various sources of the Baltic religion and mythology, Lithuanian and Latvian folklore and linguistic data. Her aim is revealing the meaning of the mythical image of the Sun as reflected by the traditional verbal heritage, and analyzing its origins. The investigation is confined, however, to the aspects of the solar image symbolizing the course of Sun’s movement during an astronomical day. Special attention is given to the solar carriage and ship, which are particularly deeply rooted in the Baltic past and in the ancient European spiritual culture.Veneration of the Sun was rather prominent in the eastern and western Baltic territories. Although data related to the Sun’s divine character are rather scant and obscure in the sources of the Baltic religion and mythology, the outstanding role of this heavenly body in the Baltic mythical worldview is unmistakable. The common definition of the Sun is mother (Lithuanian motinėlė, Latvian māmuliņa) in the Lithuanian and Latvian folklore, particularly the folksongs that frequently mention the heavenly bodies. Such characterization also reflects status of the Sun in the ancient hierarchy of the mythical values, testifying to the vernacular concept of this luminary, characterized by employing a familiar notion from the social sphere. This leads the author to conclude that the Sun was regarded as the most important luminary in the Baltic mythical worldview, as well as a significant dominant of cosmos that enveloped humans and was perceived by them. This universal image is characterized by global dissemination; fragments of its shape and manifestations in mythology, folklore, rituals and beliefs are preserved by the Balts as well.Various aspects of the Sun in the Baltic mythology can be discussed, including manifestations of this heavenly body in an astronomical cycle. Lithuanians and Latvians, just like the ancient Indians, Greeks and Germans, used to describe the Sun’s “travelling” and movement in relation to the Earth in the course of day and night by employing typical personifications of the Sun as riding in a carriage or sailing by a ship, as trundling out onto the sky in the morning and submersing into the watery depths in the evening. The rhythmic cycle of these travels encompasses our daily activities; it is the daily rhythm and cycle of our life endowed with mythical symbolism.
Мифологические биографии по Греймасу
Authors: Цивьян Татьяна Владимировна
Published: November 2022

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Chronicle
Authors: Sadauskienė Jurga , Nakienė Austė , Ambrazevičius Rytis , Skujytė-Razmienė Asta , Racėnaitė Radvilė , Kadžytė Gražina , Liugaitė-Černiauskienė Modesta , Džekčioriūtė-Medeišienė Vita , Garšvienė Eligija
Published: November 2022

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Foreword
Authors: Šmitienė Giedrė
Published: November 2022

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Local Culture and Freedom
Authors: Daujotytė-Pakerienė Viktorija
Published: November 2022

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Features of the Lithuanian Partisan Underground State
Authors: Petrauskienė Aistė
Published: November 2022

The great attention that history of the partisan war received in the course of the first decade of the Lithuanian independence has afterwards gradually diminished. It was somewhat revived during the last several years due to the current geopolitical developments in Eastern Europe, however, no new interpretations of the history of partisan war emerged. This article suggests a new approach to the partisan war, which gives priority to the primary sources and rests on the theoretical model of the underground state developed by historian Dawid Fajnhauz. Reconstruction of the Lithuanian partisan underground state presents a new interpretation of partisan war based on an entirety of four source groups (partisan documentation, oral history, things, and places); military documents by Lithuanian partisans receive priority over the Soviet ones.Theoretical reconstruction of the underground partisan state rests on all the features characteristic to its definition. The partisan government, legal acts, armed forces, control of the territory in the present and future time and many other important phenomena legitimize the research hypothesis of the partisan state. This legitimization is also related to the social environment of the interwar independent Lithuania and political attitude based on democratic principles.The idea of the partisan state aims at introducing the Lithuanian partisan war as an example of a modern democratic state, as well as marking guidelines for broader historical research, liberating this research from the trap set by the powerful Soviet propaganda and finally making the history of the partisan war our own. Although the concept of the partisan state can hardly be expected to change the consciousness of people having some sort of related personal experience, or to alter rigid attitude of the academic community, this narrative is primarily directed at the new generation that is still shaping its knowledge of history. This promotes and establishes a notion that freedom fighters resisting the Soviet occupation created an underground state, which embodied the wish of the majority of Lithuanian citizens to live in an independent and democratic country, as testified by the results of the referendum that took place on February 9, 1991.
Regarding Authorship of a Particular Song
Authors: Aleksynas Konstantas Algirdas
Published: November 2022

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The Sacred Coexistence: Wild Animals in the Peasant Homestead
Authors: Vaitkevičienė Daiva
Published: November 2022

The subject of the article are the grounds of the harmonious relationship between humans and the wild animals living in the traditional Lithuanian peasant homestead. As a point of departure, the author chooses the question from the sphere of deep ecology: on what cultural and worldview grounds do humans construct their connections with other living beings? Although the notion of coexistence comes from the natural sciences and defines relations between different species in the same ecological system, this article deals with coexistence as a phenomenon primarily conditioned by culture – i. e., by the human view of the animals and attitude towards them.The author analyzes folk narratives and popular beliefs in order to establish the character of relationship between humans and four kinds of animals living in the homestead – namely, the grass snake (Natrix natrix), the weasel (Mustela nivalis), the white stork (Ciconia ciconia), and the swallow (Hirundo rustica). In the first part, the author investigates the natural and economical prerequisites for the ecological coexistence of these animals and humans. Having paid much attention to the development of agriculture and formation of the agrarian landscape, she explains timing and causes for the wild animals to settle in the Lithuanian peasant homesteads. The second part of the article reveals the religious causes that lead humans to keep the suitable living conditions for the animals in question, not only protecting and safeguarding them, but also considering them sacred. Until the middle of the 20th century, Lithuanians regarded the grass snake, the weasel, the stork and the swallow to be the guardians of the home, ensuring good fortune with livestock and plentiful harvests. Besides, images of these animals became part of the concept of the soul, finding their way into the stories of birth, death, and afterlife. The grass snake (as perhaps also the weasel) had connections with the souls of the ancestors, while the swallow and particularly the stork were in charge of the reincarnation, since these birds allegedly were able to transport the souls back from the celestial afterworld.The coexistence of humans and animals in the homestead not only joins the different kinds of life and their mythical meanings, but also incorporates deities into this system. The birds embody the atmospheric forces governed by the Thunderer, while the grass snake and weasel are manifestations of the sacred earth. Therefore, we can define the harmonious coexistence of humans and animals in the homestead as sacred.
Relationship to the Past and Its Peculiarities in the Autobiographic Narratives of the Post-War Vilnius Inhabitants
Authors: Racėnaitė Radvilė
Published: November 2022

In the course of the last three decades after restoration of independence in Lithuania, similarly to the other post-Soviet societies, interest in the past has increased significantly, prompting various new forms of interpretation and commemoration of the past to appear, grasping also the formerly prohibited, ignored or forgotten historical facts and personal experiences. Understandably, the Soviet period stands out as the most important in this respect and requires particular re-consideration. Initially, the official Soviet period, being heavily weighed with ideology, was regarded both in the public discourse and in the personal memoirs as an empty and lost time, which had to be discarded and forgotten. The collective memory of the nation was primarily directed at the period of the first independence (1918–1940), which had recently emerged from oblivion. This included the hitherto publicly suppressed victimological narratives of occupation, deportations, partisan resistance, and Holocaust. On the other hand, the general decline of the economic and social sphere, brought about by the change of the political regime, caused considerable amount of individual disappointment in the post-Soviet reality and led to certain revisionist and nostalgic idealization of the Soviet times. The post-war history of Vilnius was also subject to reconsideration.The author of the article analyzes oral interviews collected in the course of fieldwork carried out for the research project „Plots of Individual Modernization in the Autobiographic Narratives of the First Generation Urban Inhabitants (Post-War Period in Vilnius)”, as well as some published memoirs and other sources. She investigates the life stories of people differing in terms of their ethnic background (Lithuanians, Jews, and Poles) and their fate. These stories reveal attitudes of the narrators towards Vilnius as their native city and towards its Soviet past, their views on different historical periods, including Soviet experience standing in contrast to the idealized pre-war image of the city. The nostalgic side is frequently especially prominent both in the published memoirs and in the oral autobiographic narratives, manifesting simultaneously as a specific feature of personal memory and as a way for impressive recreation of the past.
Guardian of the Memory of Brothers Juška
Authors: Kadžytė Gražina
Published: November 2022

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Reflection of Tradition in Artist’s Writings, or Learning Anthropology from Stasys Eidrigevičius
Authors: Ivanauskaitė-Šeibutienė Vita
Published: November 2022

The subject of analysis comprises autobiographical texts by the famous artist Stasys Eidrigevičius (born in 1949), who is very popular both in Lithuania and abroad. In various published essays, travel experiences, reviews of cultural events, interviews and poetic texts the artist extensively describes his childhood and early youth spent in the Lepšiai village (close to Panevėžys in northern Lithuania) in the 1960s. The oral and written stories frequently repeated by Stasys Eidrigevičius, which could be summarized as narrative of home, present a true-to life and unpolished view of a single family life, preserving numerous details of the traditional living. The poem by Stasys Eidrigevičius “The Singing Head of the Rooster” published in 2016 and amply illustrated with drawings and photos (the author used to take numerous pictures of his family home and the family members from his teenager years onwards) receives special attention, since it poetically summarizes the artist’s narrative of home as a whole. The poem was published in its author’s native dialect, with parallel version in Lithuanian literary language, its inherent part being the sound recording containing the vocal reading by the author.Reflections of traditional life gleaned in Stasys Eidrigevičius’ texts not only constitute the main subject of analysis, but also encourage the author of the article to look deeper into the canonical image of the traditional Lithuanian culture, formed in the course of the two previous centuries. This canon rests on a rather romanticized festive side of the life of the “ancient Lithuanians” and definitely lacks in representing the routine, everyday part of the community life. Thus, the narrative of home constructed by the artist Stasys Eidrigevičius may be considered as supplementing the canonical representation of the Lithuanian traditional culture by adding considerable variety and colours.
Daughter of Lithuania Minor. In Memory of Marta Juškaitė
Authors: Kadžytė Gražina
Published: November 2022

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Folklor – tradycja i współczesność, pod redakcją Roksany Sitniewskiej, Elwiry Wilczyńskiej i Violetty Wróblewskiej, (ser. Paralele: Folklor – Literatura – Kultura), Toruń: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, 2016.
Authors: Krikščiūnas Povilas
Published: November 2022

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Stories of Individual Urban Modernization in the Occupational Narratives of the Post-War Vilnius Inhabitants
Authors: Lukošienė Mykolė
Published: November 2022

After the WWII, the new inhabitants arrived to Vilnius for various reasons: some tried to escape collectivization, others planned to use the newly opened possibilities to study or work in the modern city. There were also people that had returned to Lithuania from deportation, but were banned from settling in their native communities and therefore chose Vilnius as a place to start the new phase of their lives. This article focuses on the motives related to occupation and work in the life stories of the post-war Vilnius inhabitants that settled in this city in the course of the two post-war decades. These narratives have been recorded in 2017–2019 in the course of implementing the research project “Plots of Individual Modernization in the Autobiographic Narratives of the First Generation Urban Inhabitants (Post-War Period in Vilnius)”.The modern city represented either an attractive or the only possible place for creating a new life. The increasing professional specialization is reflected in numerous stories and reveals important sides of the narrators’ identities. The article attempts to elucidate how occupational motives in the autobiographical narratives reveal the individual contributions to the formation of the modern urban culture. These motives are investigated employing the method of narrative data analysis: by establishing the most important story-lines and by associating and comparing thematically similar narratives of different people regarding their working experiences and inspirations. The occupational narrative in the life stories was regarded as an important segment of the modern urban identity. The analysis was based essentially on the notions of the modern city presented in the works by George Simmel (1950) and Michael de Certeau (1984). In all the cases it revealed modern, although rather diverse attitudes of the narrators towards their profession. These could include adapting to the newly established urban culture and making professional choices (which mostly depended on the Soviet system of studies) that were possible only in the modern urban environment. In some cases the autobiographical narratives reveal considerable anonymity partially granted by the modern Soviet city and lack of the close emotional ties, which paradoxically became a recourse for people trying to hide or escape the repressions of the Soviet political regime.
Perceptions of Human Nature in Celtic Tradition: Significance of the Figure of the Bird
Authors: Gedžiūtė Audronė
Published: November 2022

The article deals with dualistic perception of human nature as reflected in Celtic mythopoetics of death. By relying on linguistic data, various ancient Celtic texts and episodes from the epic heroic literature, the article tackles questions concerning relations between the body as the material part of a person and the soul as the spiritual one. Various hypotheses concerning significance of the figure of the bird are verified: whether the bird stands for the soul of the dead, operates as a psychopomp or is involved in the process of metempsychosis. The analysis reveals operational mechanism of the bird in the context of love and death, significance of shapeshifting into a bird, and instrumental use of the bird in situations related to the death-like state.
Unploughed Skies
Authors: Vaiškūnas Jonas
Published: November 2022

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How Olya Died and Folklore Was Born
Authors: Archipova Aleksandra
Published: November 2022

The subject of discussion in this article comprises the ways in which a literary piece becomes folklore. In order to elucidate this, the author discusses a poem by Aleksey Apuchtin “The Madman” written in 1890, and its folksong versions. The original story depicting a farther and his daughter perishing under suspicious circumstances turns into a story of a girl killed by her lover. In the first decades of the 20th century, this poem encountered immense popularity in Russia, including its frequent recitations under musical accompaniment and repeated screenings. Therefore, it is plausible to assume that similar folklore variants may have occurred independently, affected by typological folklore regularities, as well as by the well-known “proto-text” (songs from the movies).If folklorization of an individual work is a purposeful process, it can be defined and even guided in a sense by the necessity of folklore as a cliché: the literary piece turns into folklore only when a certain folkloric counterpart is found for every literary motive or image. There is no other way for such literary image or motive to become folklore. This process requires changes on all the textual levels, including lexical, semantic, and pragmatic ones. The folklore stereotypization narrows the field of semantic valence to the minimum collection of associations. This makes one of the essential differences between folklore and literature, ensuring comparatively stable transmission of the folklore texts in the course of time, and granting that the poem by Apuchtin finds its way into the folklore language only bearing the connotations approved by the “folklore censorship”. Lay opinion is prone to perceive such folklorized text of Vosilkos (‘The Cornflowers’) as an original poem by Apuchtin.
Experiencing Ethnology while at School
Authors: Stundžienė Bronė , Černiauskienė Rita
Published: November 2022

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Chronicle
Authors: Gedžiūtė Audronė , Šlekonytė Jūratė , Ūsaitytė Jurgita , Ivanauskaitė-Šeibutienė Vita
Published: November 2022

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Folk Songs: Spaces and Reasons. Ruga, Love, Marriage, Departures
Authors: Dattilo Delia
Published: November 2022

This essay sheds light on habits, behaviours, and social practices by focusing on Southern Italian youth and their songs; more specifically, it deals with Calabria in the years between 1850 and the 1900s. Such samples – relics to us – allow us to infer how men and women of that generation communicated within the archaic and highly hierarchical society in which they lived. Sometimes through singing the youth of Southern Italy found a way to bypass prohibitions and to say what could not be normally said in everyday life. Since it is clearly impossible to hear the performers’ original voices, this essay relies on examples of poetry and songs as they were perceived, interpreted and published by philologists, folklorists and anthropologists during the second half of the 1800s. Literature draws on folk song collectors such as Achille Canale, Raffaele De Leonardis, and Francesco De Simone Brouwer. The songs and poems considered deal with the topics of love and disdain (sdegno), while a smaller group deals with the themes of lontananza and spartenza. A combined analysis of folk songs and local literature (Vincenzo Padula, Luigi Accattatis, Cesare Lombroso, Caterina Pigorini Beri et al.) allows us to better understand a context that was based on phenomena such as wooing strategies, kidnappings, ostentation of violence and other social events featured in folk songs, poetry and sayings.
Healing Songs and Music in Southern Italy: the Case of Tarantism
Authors: Tita Michele
Published: November 2022

Humans have always expressed themselves through songs and it is possible to witness practices of traditional singing almost everywhere and every time. The case that I am presenting in this article refers to the context of Southern Eastern Italy until the 1960s and the practice of singing and playing instruments as a form of healing towards people affected by tarantism, a peculiar culture-bound syndrome of that geographical area nowadays extinct. Tarantism takes its name from the spider called tarantula, which was said to sting mostly women around the end of June. Music and songs belonging to the traditional and wider genre of pizzica were used to treat them. Indeed, they could get rid of the venom of the spider by dancing with this music and these songs (even though the definitive healing could have been obtained only by the grace of Saint Paul). Pizzica is still sung, played and danced in Salento nowadays, although without its original healing function.The aim of this article is, therefore, to explore some examples of pizzica as witnessed from ethnomusicologists and played nowadays, highlighting their social and cultural role in both healing and recreational contexts.
Songs About Social Classes and Their Presentation in Two Largest Latvian Folksong Editions
Authors: Krogzeme-Mosgorda Baiba
Published: November 2022

The article is focused on folksongs about social classes or the so-called social songs, which differ from other Latvian folksongs with their historical content, which has been interpreted from different perspectives in the two largest Latvian folksong editions. In the arrangement of social songs for the first complete folksong edition Latvju dainas (1894–1915) the ideas of the Latvian National Awakening were highlighted, whereas the chapter on social songs in the academic edition Latviešu tautasdziesmas (1979–2018) demonstrates the impact of Soviet ideology. The article also reveals the role of compilers’ personalities in the selection, classification, and interpretation of social songs.
The Dog Goes to Tend the Herd… On Contextualization of the Estonian Child-Lore Collections
Authors: Saarlo Liina
Published: November 2022

The paper contextualizes the large and “thick” corpus of children’s songs at the Estonian Folklore Archives, presenting circumstances and prerequisites of its formation. The showcase is the child-lore corpus of Laiuse parish and Priidu Tammepuu, the key figure in its formation.The paper discusses the motives of an amateur folklore collector, conflicts between the contributor and the archival institution. Also, problems of collection by pupils are brought forward, revealing the reasons of marginalisation and dismission of some of the corpus’s content by folklorists, researchers and publishers. Finally, perspectives and possibilities for use of such archival materials are discussed.
Reflections of the Lithuanian World in the Literature Textbooks from the DP Camps: Analyzing the Concept of Folklore
Authors: Dzikaitė Jurga
Published: November 2022

The article deals with the literature textbook published in Augsburg, Germany, in 1946 and entitled “Synopsis of the Lithuanian Literature”. It was edited by a Lithuanian writer and teacher Petronėlė Orintaitė-Janutienė, and its sources included a textbook “The Lithuanian Literature: Part 1”, published in the interwar Lithuania (in 1939) and edited by Motiejus Miškinis. However, Orintaitė-Janutienė emphasized having used the publication by Miškinis only “a little”, while writing all the rest “from the memory”. Therefore, the article aims to elucidate what image of the Lithuanian world this memory-based textbook rendition impressed upon the young person studying at a war refugees’ camp, what support it proposed, and what kind of experience it prepared the young one for. The more detailed analysis focuses on the part from the textbook that briefly outlined the concept of folklore. This choice is grounded in the idea nationalism theory that oral culture bears special significance to the formation of the nationality and development of the national consciousness. The analysis also includes some folklore texts from the literary supplement (also edited by Orintaitė-Janutienė) to the Lithuanian weakly Žiburiai (‘Lights’), published in Augsburg in 1945–1949. The author notes that the outline of the Lithuanian folklore in the textbook and the selection of the folklore samples stemmed from the interwar Lithuanian schooling tradition, but they also reflected reaction to the complicated historical situation, in view of which the national community had to rally and act together, discovering new alternatives for survival. The analyzed material allows the author to conclude that the national consciousness of the Lithuanian student at the DP camp was strengthened by presenting certain past experiences inherited from the ancestors, by fostering the idea of historical continuity, by reviving and cherishing the topographic memory, emphasizing the most important existential attitudes, and listing the culture texts testifying to the Lithuanian national distinction.
Christmas Gifts Exchange between Parents and Children as a Nonverbal Means of Communicating Care
Authors: Latinytė Rūta
Published: November 2022

The article focuses on the Christmas gifts that parents give to their children and afterwards – that the grown-up children in turn give to their parents and their own kids, as remembered and described by the informants in the course of unstructured interviews. The subject of analysis comprises memories and narratives of the respondents, including a description of personal experience by the author. The choice of the Christmas is anything but accidental, since this period is characterized as the most intense gift-giving time, according to various opinion polls both in Lithuania and in other countries. Studies of everyday practices applied in the phenomenological anthropology allow viewing this popular practice through personal narratives. Analysis of the individual experience stories reveals modes of establishing special relationship between the gift giver and the receiver against the background of the season’s holidays. Sleep is noted to be an important element in the process of creating this relationship, since sleep is a form of existential death, which in a way guarantees longevity of the social bonds. In the course of years, when individual ceases to be a child in relation to people around him/her, and becomes a grown-up instead, an inversion of roles between the giver and the receiver takes place, which, however, is asymmetrical: the obligation to repay the received gifts directs the gift giving intention towards the future generations. The study reveals yet another aspect of these interactions: namely, the gift, as a nonverbal means of communication, enables mutual understanding between family members that is reached without any words, just by an experienced knowledge, which is defined as a lived experience in phenomenology.
Relationship between Awareness of Behavioural Risk and Psychosocial Wellness of Students in Public Secondary Schools in Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Mburu Cecilia , Maina Anne , Mukolwe Newton
Published: November 2022

Abuse of prescription drugs remains a major challenge among students in spite of numerous interventions aimed at curbing it. This study set out to examine the relationship between awareness of behavioural risk and psychosocial wellness of students in public secondary schools in Nairobi. The study was based on the situated rationality theories and social action theories and adopted the correlational research design. Quantitative data was analyzed descriptively by use of frequencies, percentages and means. It was also analyzed inferentially by use of Pearson correlation. Data from interviews and secondary data sources were analyzed using thematic and content analysis procedures. The study sampled 255 respondents. These included 100 students, 96 teachers, 42 principals and, 17 MOE officials. Out of these, 100 students (100%), 77 teachers (80.2%), 34 principals (81%) and 11 MOE officials (64.7%) responded. The findings show that prescription drug misuse is rampant among students despite the fact that most of them were aware of the associated risks. Pearson correlation showed that all the awareness factors under investigation had statistically significant relationships with psychosocial wellness among students (r=0.473, p<0.05). The study concludes that drug usage is widespread among secondary school students in Nairobi County, in terms of the types, quantity, and frequency of use. In line with the study findings, the study established that awareness of behavioural risk should also be enhanced at school and community levels through guidance and counselling interventions backed by school and government disciplinary policies.
Effect of hydro-climate variation on biofilm dynamics and its impact in intertidal environments
Authors: Bastianon Elena , Hope Julie A. , Dorrell Robert M. , Parsons Daniel R.
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Shallow tidal environments are very productive ecosystems
but are sensitive to environmental changes and sea level rise.
Bio-morphodynamic control of these environments is therefore a crucial
consideration; however, the effect of small-scale biological activity on
large-scale cohesive sediment dynamics like tidal basins and estuaries is
still largely unquantified. This study advances our understanding by
assessing the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on biologically
cohesive sediment transport and morphology. An idealised benthic biofilm
model is incorporated in a 1D morphodynamic model of tide-dominated
channels. This study investigates the effect of a range of environmental and
biological conditions on biofilm growth and their feedback on the
morphological evolution of the entire intertidal channel. By carrying out a
sensitivity analysis of the bio-morphodynamic model, parameters like (i) hydrodynamic disturbances, (ii) seasonality, (iii) biofilm growth rate, (iv) temperature variation and (v) bio-cohesivity of the sediment are
systematically changed. Results reveal that key parameters such as growth
rate and temperature strongly influence the development of biofilm and are
key determinants of equilibrium biofilm configuration and development under
a range of disturbance periodicities and intensities. Long-term simulations
of intertidal channel development demonstrate that the hydrodynamic
disturbances induced by tides play a key role in shaping the morphology of
the bed and that the presence of surface biofilm increases the time to reach
morphological equilibrium. In locations characterised by low hydrodynamic
forces, the biofilm grows and stabilises the bed, inhibiting the transport of
coarse sediment (medium and fine sand). These findings suggest biofilm
presence in channel beds results in intertidal channels that have
significantly different characteristics in terms of morphology and
stratigraphy compared abiotic sediments. It is concluded that inclusion of
bio-cohesion in morphodynamic models is essential to predict estuary
development and mitigate coastal erosion.
Building confidence in STEM students through breaking (unseen) barriers
Authors: Heron Philip J. , Williams Jamie A.
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) subjects have historically struggled to be inclusive and accessible to students from diverse backgrounds. The field of geoscience, in particular, has also had challenges in diversity with respect to staff and student recruitment. The consequence of non-inclusive practices still propagates today, with certain demographics not engaging in STEM activities. As a result, there needs to be conscious efforts to adopt equity, diversity, and inclusive (EDI) initiatives for subjects such as geoscience to grow. In this article, we outline the steps we have taken to break down known (and unknown) barriers to education in the teaching of a science outreach course to a diverse student body. Our outreach course, Think Like A Scientist, has been running in a number of English prisons since 2019. Although the programme is tailored to the restrictive prison environment, the application of its core principles to education are fundamental EDI practices that could be beneficial to a wide audience. In this paper, we outline our reasoning for specific pedagogical choices in the classroom when working with students that have low confidence in STEM education, and we highlight the need for engagement that is not only relatable, accessible, and inclusive but also offers encouragement.
Determining nurses’ personality traits and the affecting factors
Authors: BAŞARAN ŞAHİN Esma , BAHÇECİK Nefise
Published: November 2022

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the personality traits of nurses and the affecting factors.

Material and Methods: The population of the research covered 1357 nurses working in public and university hospitals in four different cities in the Eastern Anatolia region, and the sample included 1200 nurses who could be reached and accepted to participate. Introductory Information Form and “The Big Five Inventory (BFI)” were used as data collection tools. Number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t test, Kruskal-Wallis test and ANOVA test were used to analyse the data. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The mean age of the nurses in the study was 29.74±7.61 years, 50.0% of them were married, 54.8% were university graduates and 46.3% had less than 5 years of work experience in the profession. Their total mean BFI score was 3.53±0.50, and the mean scores from the subscales of extraversion, compatibility, conscientiousness, emotional instability and openness were 3.43±0.71, 3.82±0.65, 3.73±0.67, 3.10±0.60 and 3.50±0.67, respectively. Statistically significant differences were found between nurses’ age, gender, marital status, length of work experience in the profession, working hours, the place where they lived most of their lives, the education level of their mothers and fathers, birth order and the general structure of their families and the mean score from BFI subscales (p
PENERIMAAN TEKNOLOGI DALAM PENDIDIKAN STUDI KASUS: CALON GURU DI INDONESIA
Authors: Mutiara Tika Adilah , Cahya Fani Nurona
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini mencoba untuk menguji penerimaan calon guru terhadap penggunaan teknologi dalam pendidikan dengan menggunakan metode Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) sebagai pendekatan analisis. Ada Empat faktor TAM yaitu Persepsi Kemudahan Penggunaan (Perceived Ease of Use), Persepsi Manfaat­­ (Perceived usefulness), sikap terhadap penggunaan komputer (Attitude Toward Computer Use), dan niat untuk menggunakan (Intention to Use). Niat Perilaku digunakan sebagai faktor model evaluasi untuk mengukur penerimaan teknologi oleh calon guru dan total empat hipotesis diajukan. Sebuah kuesioner online dilakukan untuk mengekstraksi informasi dari calon guru di berbagai universitas di Indonesia dan total responden sebanyak 120 responden dikumpulkan. Hasil analisis menjelaskan bahwa penerimaan untuk penggunaan Teknologi dapat dijelaskan oleh faktor-faktor yang dievaluasi. Temuan kami menggambarkan bahwa dari empat hipotesis terdapat tiga hipotesis yang  memiliki konstruk yang saling terkait (diterima) sedangkan satu hipotesis yaitu Persepsi Manfaat­­ (Perceived usefulness) kepada sikap terhadap penggunaan komputer (Attitude Toward Computer Use) tidak saling terkait (ditolak). Untuk menjelaskan perilaku calon guru terhadap penggunaan teknologi dalam Pendidikan, sikap terhadap penggunaan komputer (Attitude Toward Computer Use) ditentukan sebagai faktor kunci.
Examination of the changes in symptoms of indigenous corporate failure since the introduction of the CATSI Act 2006
Authors:   , Wales Catherine
Published: November 2022

This thesis investigates the changes to the symptoms of failure in Indigenous corporations influenced by both changes to the legislation and the administration of those changes. Defining failure as the invoking of special administration, publicly available regulator documents were examined to explore the interaction between the regulator and the regulatee based on the changes, over time, to the regulations. This thesis found the changes to the legislation had a positive affect on the symptoms of corporate failure over time, with the application of the monitoring and policing powers of the regulator influencing these changes.
Optical coherence elastography for the measurement of anterior segment biomechanical properties
Authors:   , Quince Zachery
Published: November 2022

This thesis developed a novel optical coherence elastography method to characterise tissue biomechanical properties in the anterior eye. The developed method applies a static force to deform the tissue and combines optical coherence tomography imaging with image processing to track the deformation and extract tissue mechanical properties. This project represents the first step towards developing a clinically viable method to comprehensively measure the mechanical properties of the anterior segment of the eye.
Multi-dimensional framework of paradoxical thinking: A qualitative exploratory study in an Australian financial services organisation
Authors:   , Halton Anne Marie
Published: November 2022

Pervasive and multi-level paradoxical tensions continue to impact many organisations and the individuals who work there. Despite burgeoning literature that has explored paradoxes in general, the existing research into paradoxical thinking (PxT) as an effective response to paradoxical tensions has been fragmented and lacking an overarching framework. This thesis examined several dimensions of PxT, with the aim of better understanding how PxT unfolds. Contributions include a novel conceptualisation of multilevel PxT and how it unfolds within and between individuals, collective and organisational levels, as well as over time.
La lógica trascendental de Emil Lask entre Platón y Kant. Teoría de los dos mundos y revolución copernicana
Authors: Cazzanelli Stefano
Published: November 2022

En el presente artículo presentamos la filosofía trascendental de Emil Lask como el resultado de una mediación entre la teoría de los dos mundos de Platón y la revolución copernicana de Kant. Aprovechando el descubrimiento de Lotze según el cual los significados no son, sino valen, y ampliando el horizonte de la lógica más allá del ámbito del juicio, Lask elabora un platonismo (o aristotelismo) trascendental que le ubica en un punto medio entre el neokantismo y la fenomenología. Su filosofía entremezcla el trascendentalismo kantiano con el objetivismo típico de la filosofía antigua. El resultado es un trascendentalismo del logos que abarca todos los ámbitos de significado, tanto judicativos, como pre-judicativos.
Inclinación e imitación en el milieu cartesiano: bosquejo de una teoría del contagio mimético en Louis de La Forge.
Authors: Donoso Gómez Mario
Published: November 2022

Louis de La Forge, partiendo de las sugestiones de Descartes, esboza una teoría de la imitación de las pasiones en sus Anotaciones al Tratado del Hombre que contrasta con los elementos que él mismo propone en su Tratado del Espíritu del Hombre. El análisis de estas dos obras permite la reconstrucción de dos tipos de inclinaciones miméticas sobre las cuales se asientan las bases de lo que en el milieu cartesiano va a ser considerado como un contagio pasional o afectivo.
Hybris, Ira (Coord.), Las degeneradas trans acaban con la familia, Madrid, Kaótica Libros, 2022, 374 pp.
Authors: Conejo Abril Víctor
Published: November 2022

Reseña del libro Las degeneradas trans acaban con la familia, coordinado por Ira Hybris.
New annotated checklist of the Portuguese oaks (Quercus L., Fagaceae)
Authors: Vila-Viçosa Carlos Martins , Capelo Jorge Henrique , Alves Paulo , Almeida Rubim Silva , Vázquez Francisco Maria
Published: November 2022

We present a comprehensive taxonomic and nomenclatural review of the Portuguese oaks (Quercus L.), issuing from throughout biogeographical, historical, bibliographic, field and herbarium data. We propose a new annotated checklist for all taxa and nothotaxa belonging to Quercus L. genus in the Portuguese national territory, extending the analysis to the broader biogeographical context of Western Mediterranean Subregion. Fifteen herbaria collections were exhaustively studied and complemented by information retrieved from digital collections, resulting in the recognition of eleven native oaks. Further treatment at infraspecific level includes one subspecies and additional 23 nothotaxa. We designate 21 names as types and add a preliminary list of 150 cultivated trees, concurring to a total of 185 oak taxa, in total, found in Portugal.

Moreover, we clarify the taxonomical status and reinstate both Quercus calliprinos Webb and Q. pseudococcifera Desf. as native for the Western Mediterranean subregion. We recover the concept of Q. faginea Lam., as the widespread Gall oak in Portugal and update its synonym list. We propose Q. broteroana and Q. estremadurensis as autonomous species within the European Q. robur s.l. broad group, alongside two newly circumscribed subsections inside Section Quercus. We describe three nothotaxa as new (Q. ×alvesii, Q. ×capeloana and Q. ×sampaioana) and approach the nomenclatural resolution of the remaining natural hybrids. Lastly, we provide an identification key, intelligible for non-specialists, including both native taxa and most frequent nothotaxa.

We emphasise the importance of historical and literature review, combined with accurate biogeographical information, as paramount to coherent taxonomical resolution. Both specimens and their associated records were found of crucial significance to a taxonomical model that is, in the end, useful to biodiversity conservation.
Analysis of taxonomic distinctness and priority conservation areas as a basis for heritage enhancement of floristic diversity: the case of the ‘hotspot’ of the islands of Numidia (North-eastern Algeria)
Authors: Hamel Tarek , Hidalgo Triana Noelia , Meddad-Hamza Amel , Boulemtafes Amir , Souilah Nabila , De Bélair Gérard , Salvo Tierra Ángel Enrique
Published: November 2022

The identification of priority conservation areas (PCA) plays an important role in biodiversity conservation, but uncertainties create challenges for conservation planning. The objective was to test a method based on 'taxonomic distinctness' (TD) and to identify PCA to quantify the heritage value of a territory and establish the most appropriate conservation measures. The researchers performed a systematic and phytogeographical analysis of ten islands in northeastern Algeria, a biological hotspot with heterogeneous ecosystem types and subject to socio-economic pressures. The biological diversity represented by 223 species in these environments reflects a high rate of endemicity (13%).