bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A targeted sequencing study of glutamatergic candidate genes in suicide attempters with bipolar disorder
Authors: Gaynor Sophia C. , Breen Marie E. , Monson Eric T. , de Klerk Kelly , Parsons Meredith , DeLuca Adam P. , Scheetz Todd E. , Zandi Peter P. , Potash James B. , Willour Virginia L.
Published: August 2016

Suicidal behavior has been shown to have a heritable component that is partly driven by psychiatric disorders [Brent and Mann, 2005]. However, there is also an independent factor contributing to the heritability of suicidal behavior. We previously conducted a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) of bipolar suicide attempters and bipolar non‐attempters to assess this independent factor [Willour et al., 2012]. This GWAS implicated glutamatergic neurotransmission in attempted suicide. In the current study, we have conducted a targeted next‐generation sequencing study of the glutamatergic N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor, neurexin, and neuroligin gene families in 476 bipolar suicide attempters and 473 bipolar non‐attempters. The goal of this study was to gather sequence information from coding and regulatory regions of these glutamatergic genes to identify variants associated with attempted suicide. We identified 186 coding variants and 4,298 regulatory variants predicted to be functional in these genes. No individual variants were overrepresented in cases or controls to a degree that was statistically significant after correction for multiple testing. Additionally, none of the gene‐level results were statistically significant following correction. While this study provides no direct support for a role of the examined glutamatergic candidate genes, further sequencing in expanded gene sets and datasets will be required to ultimately determine whether genetic variation in glutamatergic signaling influences suicidal behavior. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Liquid Marbles Based on Magnetic Upconversion Nanoparticles as Magnetically and Optically Responsive Miniature Reactors for Photocatalysis and Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Wang Dan , Zhu Lin , Chen Jian‐Feng , Dai Liming
Published: August 2016

Magnetic liquid marbles have recently attracted extensive attention for various potential applications. However, conventional liquid marbles based on iron oxide nanoparticles are opaque and inadequate for photo‐related applications. Herein, we report the first development of liquid marbles coated with magnetic lanthanide‐doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) that can convert near‐infrared light into visible light. Apart from their excellent magnetic and mechanical properties, which are attractive for repeatable tip opening and magnetically directed movements, the resultant UCNP‐based liquid marbles can act as ideal miniature reactors for photodynamic therapy of cancer cells. This work opens new ways for the development of liquid marbles, and shows great promise for liquid marbles based on UCNPs to be used in a large variety of potential applications, such as photodynamic therapy for accelerated drug screening, magnetically guided controlled drug delivery and release, and multifunctional actuation.
Redox Non‐Innocence of Nitrosobenzene at Nickel
Authors: Kundu Subrata , Stieber S. Chantal E. , Ferrier Maryline G. , Kozimor Stosh A. , Bertke Jeffery A. , Warren Timothy H.
Published: August 2016

Nitrosobenzene (PhNO) serves as a stable analogue of nitroxyl (HNO), a biologically relevant, redox‐active nitric oxide derivative. Capture of nitrosobenzene at the electron‐deficient β‐diketiminato nickel(I) complex [iPr2NNF6]Ni results in reduction of the PhNO ligand to a (PhNO)./− species coordinated to a square planar NiII center in [iPr2NNF6]Ni(η2‐ONPh). Ligand centered reduction leads to the (PhNO)2− moiety bound to NiII supported by XAS studies. Systematic investigation of structure–reactivity patterns of (PhNO)./− and (PhNO)2− ligands reveals parallels with superoxo (O2)./− and peroxo (O2)2− ligands, respectively, and forecasts reactivity patterns of the more transient HNO ligand.
Unraveling the Thermodynamics of the Folding and Interconversion of Human Telomere G‐Quadruplexes
Authors: Bončina Matjaž , Vesnaver Gorazd , Chaires Jonathan Brad , Lah Jurij
Published: August 2016

Why human telomere DNA fragments fold into different G‐quadruplex structures with parallel, hybrid, and antiparallel strand orientations depending on the temperature and concentration of co‐solutes remains poorly understood. Similarly, the formation of intermediate structures along the folding or interconversion pathways is not well understood. Herein, we address these questions by introducing a conceptual framework, based on the global thermodynamic analysis of DSC and CD spectroscopy data, which led to a detailed description of the topological phase space (phase diagram) of the stability of the human telomere fragment 5′‐AGGG(TTAGGG)3‐3′ (Tel22). This framework clarifies the driving forces of quadruplex folding and interconversion processes over a wide range of temperatures and ion (K+, Na+) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations and demonstrates their linkage to the human telomere DNA structural features.
Synthesis and characterization of carborane‐containing polyester with excellent thermal and ultrahigh char yield
Authors: Li Ning , Zeng Fanglei , Qu Dezhi , Zhang Jianjun , Shao Lu , Bai Yongping
Published: August 2016

A series of wholly carborane‐containing polyesters with high thermostability were successfully synthesized by the catalytic polycondensation of carborane diol monomers with carborane diacid chlorides. They can be used for the preparation of materials of high temperature resistant coatings and adhesive. The influence of solvent, reaction temperature, and reaction time on the molecular weight and yield of the polymers were studied. In comparison with the carborane‐free polyester, the carborane‐containing polyesters showed higher degradation temperature and char yield and lower degradation rate. The thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA) curves indicate that the carborane group could effectively reduce the degradation rate of carborane‐containing polyesters, which give a char yield of exceeding 64% under air (47% under N2) at 700 °C. Such data are superior to the carborane‐free polyester, which showed a low char yield of around 0.3% under air (5% under N2) at the same condition. Moreover, the thermal transition mechanism of carborane‐containing polyesters was also studied. The FTIR spectra and TG‐FTIR analysis indicate that the carborane cage could react with oxygen to form BOB and BC linkages at elevated temperatures, which postpones the thermal decomposition of polyester and accounts for the high char yield. The newly prepared kind of high temperature polyesters have enormous technical and economic value, especially in the high temperature fields. They can be widely used as raw materials to prepare the high temperature resistant coatings or adhesives for automotive engine, aircraft and other equipments worked in high‐temperature environments. Under high environmental temperature, the good thermal stability is capable of keeping polyesters stable and expanding their service lives. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44202.
Combined Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), Direct‐Push Electrical Conductivity (DP‐EC) Logging and Coring – A New Methodological Approach in Geoarchaeological Research
Authors: Fischer Peter , Wunderlich Tina , Rabbel Wolfgang , Vött Andreas , Willershäuser Timo , Baika Kalliopi , Rigakou Diamanto , Metallinou Garyfalia
Published: August 2016

Non‐invasive geophysical methods have been increasingly applied in geoarchaeological research commonly showing the need of data calibration based on stratigraphical information deduced from outcrops or sediment cores. In this contribution, a methodological approach combining two‐dimensional (2D) electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and stratigraphical data based on coring and, for the first time in geoarchaeological research, direct‐push electrical conductivity (DP‐EC) logging is presented and discussed. The approach yields high resolution data based on studies of two different types of archives, the Holsterburg site in central Germany located in a fluvio‐terrestrial zone and the Corfu City site in Greece located in a near‐coastal zone. It is shown that DP‐EC logs trace fluctuations over grain size in high resolution which reflect changes of depositional conditions in the course of time. In addition, constraints from DP‐EC logs in the form of layer interfaces and electrical resistivities were incorporated into the ERT inversion process minimizing the ambiguity of inversion results. It is shown that incorporating regions with certain starting resistivities based on DP‐EC logs exceed the advantage of using layer interfaces alone. It is concluded that in future geoarchaeological and geomorphological studies a combined application of coring, DP‐EC logging and ERT measurements should be considered as a standard approach towards a more comprehensive stratigraphical characterization of the shallow subsurface. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Information exchange on an academic social networking site: A multidiscipline comparison on researchgate Q&A
Authors: Jeng Wei , DesAutels Spencer , He Daqing , Li Lei
Published: August 2016

The increasing popularity of academic social networking sites (ASNSs) requires studies on the usage of ASNSs among scholars and evaluations of the effectiveness of these ASNSs. However, it is unclear whether current ASNSs have fulfilled their design goal, as scholars' actual online interactions on these platforms remain unexplored. To fill the gap, this article presents a study based on data collected from ResearchGate. Adopting a mixed‐method design by conducting qualitative content analysis and statistical analysis on 1,128 posts collected from ResearchGate Q&A, we examine how scholars exchange information and resources, and how their practices vary across three distinct disciplines: library and information services, history of art, and astrophysics. Our results show that the effect of a questioner's intention (i.e., seeking information or discussion) is greater than disciplinary factors in some circumstances. Across the three disciplines, responses to questions provide various resources, including experts' contact details, citations, links to Wikipedia, images, and so on. We further discuss several implications of the understanding of scholarly information exchange and the design of better academic social networking interfaces, which should stimulate scholarly interactions by minimizing confusion, improving the clarity of questions, and promoting scholarly content management.
Phage display as a tool to discover blood–brain barrier (BBB)‐shuttle peptides: panning against a human BBB cellular model
Authors: Díaz‐Perlas Cristina , Sánchez‐Navarro Macarena , Oller-Salvia Benjamí , Moreno Miguel , Teixidó Meritxell , Giralt Ernest
Published: August 2016

Most potential drugs for the treatment of central nervous system disorders do not cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Much research effort has been devoted to the discovery of new BBB‐shuttle peptides—most of which have been identified by phage display. Here we report for the first time on the use of phage display against a human BBB cellular model which mimics the characteristics of the BBB. From the panning experiment of a 12‐mer library, the SGVYKVAYDWQH (SGV) peptide sequence was selected and its permeability validated in the aforementioned model. Furthermore, internalization studies suggested that SGV internalizes through a clathrin‐mediated mechanism and that it increases the uptake of a cargo in endothelial cells. These results highlight the usefulness of in vitro BBB models for the discovery of BBB‐shuttle peptides through phage display libraries.
Prognostic value of plasma galectin‐3 levels after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Liu Hua , Liu Yong , Zhao Jinbing , Liu Hongyi , He Shengxue
Published: August 2016

Background

Inflammatory responses are correlated with secondary brain injury after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Galectin‐3 (Gal‐3) is a novel biomarker reflecting inflammation status, and its elevated circulating levels are associated with poor prognosis of some inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between Gal‐3 plasma levels and prognosis in a group of aSAH patients.

Materials and Methods

We assessed plasma Gal‐3 levels in 120 patients and 120 healthy individuals. 6‐month clinical outcomes included mortality and unfavorable outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 1–3). Associations of plasma Gal‐3 levels with clinical outcomes were investigated using multivariate analysis.

Results

Patients showed significantly higher Gal‐3 levels as compared to controls. Circulating Gal‐3 was significantly and independently associated with 6‐month clinical outcomes in the logistic regression analysis. Moreover, we observed a significant correlation between circulating Gal‐3 and World Federation of Neurological Surgeons scores and modified Fisher scores. Furthermore, Gal‐3 possessed high area under receiver operating characteristic curve for prognostic assessment.

Conclusion

Our findings indicate the associations between Gal‐3 levels and the severity and poor prognosis following aSAH. This suggests the possible role of Gal‐3 in the prognostic prediction after aSAH.
Association between targeted somatic mutation (TSM) signatures and HGS‐OvCa progression
Authors: Lindley Robyn A. , Humbert Patrick , Larner Cliff , Akmeemana Eric H. , Pendlebury Christopher R. R.
Published: August 2016

Evidence already exists that the activation‐induced cytidine deaminase (AID/APOBEC) and the adenosine deaminase (ADAR) families of enzymes are implicated as powerful mutagens in oncogenic processes in many somatic tissues. Each deaminase is identified by the DNA or RNA nucleotide sequence (“motif”) surrounding the nucleotide targeted for deamination. The primary objective of this study is to develop an in silico approach to identify nucleotide sequence changes of the target motifs of key deaminases during oncogenesis. If successful, a secondary objective is to investigate if such changes are associated with disease progression indicators that include disease stage and progression‐free survival time. Using a discovery cohort of 194 high‐grade serous ovarian adenocarcinoma (HGS‐OvCa) exomes, the results confirm the ability of the novel in silico approach used to identify changes in the preferred target motifs for AID, APOBEC3G, APOBEC3B, and ADAR1 during oncogenesis. Using this approach, a set of new cancer‐progression associated signatures (C‐PASs) were identified. Furthermore, it was found that the C‐PAS identified can be used to differentiate between the cohort of patients that remained progression‐free for longer than 60 months, from those in which disease progressed within 60 months (sensitivity 95%, specificity 90%). The spectrum of outcomes observed here could provide a foundation for future clinical assessment of susceptibility variants in ovarian, and several other cancers as disease progresses. The ability of the in silico methodology used to identify changes in deaminase motifs during oncogenesis also suggests new links between immune system function and tumorigenesis.
Impact of aerobic exercise on levels of IL‐4 and IL‐10: results from two randomized intervention trials
Authors: Conroy Shannon M. , Courneya Kerry S. , Brenner Darren R. , Shaw Eileen , O'Reilly Rachel , Yasui Yutaka , Woolcott Christy G. , Friedenreich Christine M.
Published: August 2016

The mechanisms whereby regular exercise reduces chronic inflammation remain unclear. We investigated whether regular aerobic exercise alters basal levels of interleukin (IL)‐10 and IL‐4 in two randomized trials of physical activity. The Alberta Physical Activity and Breast Cancer Prevention Trial (ALPHA, n = 320) and the Breast Cancer and Exercise Trial in Alberta (BETA, n = 400) were two‐center, two‐armed randomized trials in inactive, healthy, postmenopausal women. Both trials included an exercise intervention prescribed five times/week and no dietary changes. In ALPHA, the exercise group was prescribed 225 min/week versus no activity in the controls. BETA examined dose‐response effects comparing 300 (HIGH) versus 150 (MODERATE) min/week. Plasma concentrations of IL‐10 and IL‐4 were measured at baseline, 6, and 12 months. Intention‐to‐treat (ITT) analysis was performed using linear mixed models adjusted for baseline biomarker concentrations. Circulating anti‐inflammatory cytokine levels decreased among all groups, with percent change ranging from −3.4% (controls) to −8.2% (HIGH) for IL‐4 and −1.6% (controls) to −7.5% (HIGH) for IL‐10. No significant group differences were found for IL‐4 (ALPHA P = 0.54; BETA P = 0.32) or IL‐10 (ALPHA P = 0.84; BETA P = 0.68). Some evidence for moderation of the effect of exercise by baseline characteristics was found for IL‐10 but not for IL‐4. Results from these two large randomized aerobic exercise intervention trials suggest that aerobic exercise does not alter IL‐10 or IL‐4 in a manner consistent with chronic disease and cancer prevention.
Fructose sensitizes Jurkat cells oxidative stress‐induced apoptosis via caspase‐dependent and caspase‐independent mechanisms
Authors: Diaz‐Aguirre Viviana , Velez‐Pardo Carlos , Jimenez‐Del‐Rio Marlene
Published: August 2016

Whether fructose (FRU), as the sole energy source, confers a metabolic advantage on cancer cells against noxious stimuli is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of low (11 mM), moderate (25 mM), and high (55 mM) FRU concentrations alone or in combination with rotenone (ROT) or doxorubicin (DOX) in Jurkat cells, an acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell model. Glucose (GLU) was used as a control. Using different cell analysis techniques, we demonstrated that FRU was predominantly metabolized via oxidative phosphorylation (∼95%) (i.e., lactate production was reduced >120‐fold), resulting in endogenous oxidative stress‐induced conditions. The cells were characterized by generation of O2•− (43%)/ H2O2 (40%) and activation of NF‐κB (∼95‐fold increase, fi), c‐Jun‐N terminal kinase (JNK), p53 (40‐fi), and c‐Jun (9‐fi). In addition, we observed a loss of ΔΨm (10%), activation of caspase‐3 (50‐fi) and apoptosis‐inducing factor (AIF, 2‐fi), and condensation and fragmentation of the nuclei [20% by acridine orange/ethidium bromide/Hoechst (AO/EB/H) staining, 15% by flow cytometry] compared to those of GLU 11 at 24 h. Although DOX killed Jurkat cells independent of sugar content in the culture medium, leukemic cells in low, but not high, FRU were extremely sensitive to ROT. Taken together, our findings suggest that Jurkat cells are more susceptible to cell death if forced to shift from GLU metabolism (i.e., aerobic glycolysis) to FRU metabolism (i.e., oxidative phosphorylation) after treatment with mitochondria‐targeting molecules. These observations may help elucidate the cell death mechanism of leukemic cells cultured in FRU.
Electro‐ and Photo‐driven Reduction of CO2 by a trans‐(Cl)‐[Os(diimine)(CO)2Cl2] Precursor Catalyst: Influence of the Diimine Substituent and Activation Mode on CO/HCOO− Selectivity
Authors: Castillo Carmen E. , Armstrong Jennifer , Laurila Elina , Oresmaa Larisa , Haukka Matti , Chauvin Jérôme , Chardon‐Noblat Sylvie , Deronzier Alain
Published: August 2016

A series of [OsII(NN)(CO)2Cl2] complexes where NN is a 2,2′‐bipyridine ligand substituted in the 4,4′ positions by H (C1), CH3 (C2), C(CH3)3 (C3), or C(O)OCH(CH3)2 (C4) has been studied as catalysts for the reduction of CO2. Electrocatalysis shows that the selectivity of the reaction can be switched toward the production of CO or HCOO− with an electron‐donating (C2, C3) or ‐withdrawing (C4) substituent, respectively. The electrocatalytic process is a result of the formation of an Os0‐bonded polymer, which was characterized by electrochemistry, UV/Visible and EPR spectroscopies. Photolysis of the complexes under CO2 in DMF+TEOA produces CO as a major product with a remarkably stable turnover frequency during 14 h of irradiation. Our results suggest that electrocatalysis and photocatalysis occur through two distinct processes, starting mainly from an OsI dimer precatalyst if the reduction is performed by an electrode and an OsI mononuclear species in case of a photoreduction process.
Mo2C/Reduced‐Graphene‐Oxide Nanocomposite: An Efficient Electrocatalyst for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Wang Sinong , Liao Lei , Shi Zhangping , Xiao Jingjing , Gao Qingsheng , Zhang Yahong , Liu Baohong , Tang Yi
Published: August 2016

A highly active, stable and inexpensive electrocatalyst, nanosized‐Mo2C/reduced‐graphene‐oxide (nanoMo2C/RGO), is developed for the hydrogen evolution reaction, which is of vital importance for environment concerns and the energy crisis. The nanocomposite catalyst is synthesized by a novel strategy through the facile calcination of a pre‐prepared organic–inorganic hybrid MoOx–amine precursor of sub‐nanosized periodic structure. The intercalation of the amine in the organic–inorganic precursor leads to the synchronous reduction of MoOx–amine to Mo2C and GO to RGO in an inert atmosphere, and thus nano‐Mo2C/RGO is facilely synthesized with highly monodisperse Mo2C nanoparticles (3–5 nm) as well as the reduced graphene. The remarkable structures and features are demonstrated to be the determinants for accelerating the interfacial electrocatalytic reaction with low charge‐transfer resistance and high interfacial capacitance. This study should provide a new perspective on the development of efficient noble‐metal‐free electrocatalysts in the fields of energy conversion and storage.
Metal‐Ion‐Induced Switch of Liquid‐Crystalline Orientation of Metallomacrocycles
Authors: Kawano Shin‐ichiro , Hamazaki Takashi , Suzuki Atsushi , Kurahashi Kenshin , Tanaka Kentaro
Published: August 2016

A new series of shape‐persistent imine‐bridged macrocycles were synthesized based on dynamic covalent chemistry. The macrocycles had an alternating sequence of dibenzothiophene and N,N′‐bis(salicylidene)‐ethylenediamine (salen) tethering branched alkyl chains. The macrocycles and tetranuclear metallomacrocycles bearing long and branched alkyl chains exhibited thermotropic columnar liquid‐crystalline phases over a wide temperature range and the metallomacrocycles greatly depended on the characteristics of the coordinated metal ions. The metal‐free macrocycle showed a liquid‐crystalline phase with a lamellar structure and poor birefringence. In sharp contrast, the macrocyclic Ni complex showed a columnar oblique liquid‐crystalline phase, whereas the Pd and Cu complexes showed columnar liquid‐crystalline phases with a lamellar structure. The macroscopic organization and thermal properties of the corresponding liquid‐crystalline metallomacrocycles were significantly dependent on the subtle structural differences among the planar macrocycles, which were revealed by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallographic analysis of the macrocycles with shorter alkyl chains.
Inspiratory Muscle Training and Functional Electrical Stimulation for Treatment of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Rationale and Study Design of a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Palau Patricia , Domínguez Eloy , López Laura , Heredia Raquel , González Jessika , Ramón Jose María , Serra Pilar , Santas Enrique , Bodi Vicente , Sanchis Juan , Chorro Francisco J. , Núñez Julio
Published: August 2016

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has become the most prevalent form of heart failure in developed countries. Regrettably, there is no evidence‐based effective therapy for HFpEF. We seek to evaluate whether inspiratory muscle training, functional electrical stimulation, or a combination of both can improve exercise capacity as well as left ventricular diastolic function, biomarker profile, quality of life (QoL), and prognosis in patients with HFpEF. A total of 60 stable symptomatic patients with HFpEF (New York Heart Association class II–III/IV) will be randomized (1:1:1:1) to receive a 12‐week program of inspiratory muscle training, functional electrical stimulation, a combination of both, or standard care alone. The primary endpoint of the study is change in peak exercise oxygen uptake; secondary endpoints are changes in QoL, echocardiogram parameters, and prognostic biomarkers. As of March 21, 2016, thirty patients have been enrolled. Searching for novel therapies that improve QoL and autonomy in the elderly with HFpEF has become a health care priority. We believe that this study will add important knowledge about the potential utility of 2 simple and feasible physical interventions for the treatment of advanced HFpEF.
Palladium Nanoparticles Supported on Fibrous Silica (KCC‐1‐PEI/Pd): A Sustainable Nanocatalyst for Decarbonylation Reactions
Authors: Kundu Pintu K. , Dhiman Mahak , Modak Atanu , Chowdhury Arindam , Polshettiwar Vivek , Maiti Debabrata
Published: August 2016

A practical and convenient decarbonylation of a variety of aromatic, heteroaromatic, and alkenyl aldehydes by using palladium nanoparticles supported on novel, fibrous nanosilica, named KCC‐1‐PEI/Pd, has been developed. Complete conversion of aldehyde functionalities into deformylated products was achieved in all cases and in nearly all cycles tested by reusing the catalyst systems. This method eliminates further purification of products after their isolation. Syntheses of at least three different deformylated products have been shown in sequence with the same catalyst system, which neither requires use of any additives, such as oxidants and bases, nor CO scavengers.
Surprisingly Big Rectification Ratios for a Very Small Unimolecular Rectifier
Authors: Meany Joseph E. , Johnson Marcus S. , Woski Stephen A. , Metzger Robert M.
Published: August 2016

To shrink electrical circuits beyond the looming practical limits of Moore's “Law”, it has been a common goal to create carbon‐based components. Here is the first example of a new class of donor–σ–acceptor rectifiers: hemibiquinones (HBQs). HBQs possess donor and acceptor moieties that are electronically isolated by inter‐ring torsion. A HBQ–dinitrile self‐assembles on a template‐stripped gold surface through directed chemisorption, forming a 1.1 nm‐thick monolayer. Rectification is measured through the monolayer or single molecules by using three different top electrode arrangements. Even though the HBQs are composed of relatively weak electrophores, rectification ratios ranging from 5 to 160 were observed at 2.5 V.
Optic nerve input‐dependent regulation of neural stem cell proliferation in the optic tectum of adult zebrafish
Authors: Sato Yuki , Yano Hiroaki , Shimizu Yuki , Tanaka Hideomi , Ohshima Toshio
Published: August 2016

Adult neurogenesis attracts broad attention as a possible cure for neurological disorders. However, its regulatory mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, they have been studying the cell proliferation mechanisms of neural stem cells (NSCs) using zebrafish, which have high regenerative potential in the adult brain. The presence of neuroepithelial‐type NSCs in the optic tectum of adult zebrafish has been previously reported. In the present study, it was first confirmed that NSCs in the optic tectum decrease or increase in proportion to projection of the optic nerves from the retina. At 4 days after optic nerve crush (ONC), BrdU‐positive cells decreased in the optic tectum's operation side. In contrast, at 3 weeks after ONC, BrdU‐positive cells increased in the optic tectum's operation side. To study the regulatory mechanisms, they focused on the BDNF/TrkB system as a regulatory factor in the ONC model. It was found that bdnf was mainly expressed in the periventricular gray zone (PGZ) of the optic tectum by using in situ hybridization. Interestingly, expression level of bdnf significantly decreased in the optic tectum at 4 days after ONC, and its expression level tended to increase at 3 weeks after ONC. They conducted rescue experiments using a TrkB agonist and confirmed that decrease of NSC proliferation in the optic tectum by ONC was rescued by TrkB signal activation, suggesting stimuli‐dependent regulation of NSC proliferation in the optic tectum of adult zebrafish. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 77: 419–437, 2017
Flexible Approach to (5Z,9Z)‐Dienoic Fatty Acids Relevant to the Synthesis of Demospongic Acids and Related Natural Products
Authors: Adrian Juliane , Stark Christian B. W.
Published: August 2016

A flexible and efficient synthesis of the potent human topoisomerase inhibitor (5Z,9Z)‐eicosa‐5,9‐dienoic acid was explored; the presented method represents a generally applicable approach towards demospongic acids and related natural products. Key steps of the synthesis involve chemoselective hydroboration, Corey–Fuchs alkynylation, Z‐selective Lindlar reduction, tetrapropylammonium perruthenate catalyzed direct oxidation of a primary alcohol to the corresponding acid, and Arndt–Eistert homologation. Thus, the total synthesis of (5Z,9Z)‐eicosa‐5,9‐dienoic acid was achieved in 10 steps in an overall yield of 20 %.
Self‐Supported Lithium Titanium Oxide Nanosheet Arrays Decorated with Molybdenum Disulfide for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Wei , Liu Dawei , Edwards Doreen D.
Published: August 2016

Hierarchical nanocomposites of lithium titanium oxide (Li4Ti5O12; LTO) nanosheet arrays decorated with molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) were synthesized by a hydrothermal approach. Compared to LTO, the as‐synthesized composites showed much improved capacity (433 mA h g−1 after 70 cycles at various current densities), good rate capability (320 mA h g−1 and 210 mA h g−1 at 500 mA g−1 and 2000 mA g−1, respectively), outstanding cycle stability (174 mA h g−1 after 1000 cycles at 5000 mA g−1), and a wide operating temperature range, extending from −15 to 55 °C when used as anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries. The excellent performance of the MoS2@LTO composites could be attributed to the improved conductivity and unique hierarchical structure that provides a high contact surface area and reduced diffusion paths for both ion and electron transport. The results give clear evidence of the usefulness of MoS2 when improving the electrochemical properties of LTO electrodes, promising advanced batteries with high capacity and long cycle life.
Partial deletion of DEPDC5 in a child with focal epilepsy
Authors: Bonaglia Maria Clara , Giorda Roberto , Epifanio Roberta , Bertuzzo Sara , Marelli Susan , Gerard Marion , Andrieux Joris , Zanotta Nicoletta , Zucca Claudio
Published: August 2016

We report on a child, aged 47/12 years, with borderline intelligence quotient, normal brain magnetic resonance imaging, and focal epilepsy. The polysomnographic electroencephalogram recording revealed asynchronous central spikes at both brain hemispheres resembling the features observed in focal idiopathic epileptic syndromes. Array comparative genomic hybridization analysis revealed a 32‐kb partial deletion of the DEP domain‐containing protein 5 (DEPDC5) gene, involved in a wide spectrum of inherited focal epileptic syndromes. The parental origin of the deletion could not be fully ascertained because the pregnancy had been achieved through anonymous egg donation and insemination by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. However, we demonstrate that the deletion, shared by all alternatively spliced isoforms of DEPDC5, produces a transcript presumably generating a DEPDC5 protein missing the entire DEP domain. Our findings suggest that partial deletion of DEPDC5 may be sufficient to cause the focal epilepsy in our patient, highlighting the importance of the DEP domain in DEPDC5 function. This study expands the phenotypic spectrum of DEPDC5 to sporadic forms of focal idiopathic epilepsy and underscores the fact that partial deletions, albeit probably very rare, are part of the genetic spectrum of DEPDC5 mutations.
Associations between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Eating Disorders by Gender: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
Authors: Brewerton Timothy D. , Duncan Alexis E.
Published: August 2016

Few studies have assessed the association between attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and eating disorders (ED) separately in men and women, especially in representative samples. Using data from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication, lifetime and past 12‐month prevalence of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV, ADHD was compared in men and women with and without diagnoses of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV ED and any binge eating (BE) using logistic regression models adjusted for gender and age. In both sexes, those with lifetime and past 12‐month BE and binge eating disorder had significantly higher prevalence of ADHD than those without BE and binge eating disorder, respectively. Women with lifetime and past 12‐month bulimia nervosa and lifetime anorexia nervosa also had significantly higher prevalence of ADHD compared with women without these diagnoses. Given that ADHD invariably began earlier than the ED, ADHD may be an important risk factor for subsequent BE and related ED, and there may be opportunities for intervention among youth with ADHD. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Accurate adsorption energies for small molecules on oxide surfaces: CH4/MgO(001) and C2H6/MgO(001)
Authors: Boese A. Daniel , Sauer Joachim
Published: August 2016

A hybrid method is applied that combines second order Møller–Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) for cluster models with density functional theory for periodic (slab) models to obtain structures and energies for methane and ethane molecules adsorbed on the MgO(001) surface. Single point calculations are performed to estimate the effect of increasing the cluster size on the MP2 energies and to evaluate the difference between coupled cluster (CCSD(T)) and MP2 energies. The final estimates of the adsorption energies are 12.9 ± 1.3 and 18.9 ± 1.8 kJ/mol for CH4 and C2H6, respectively. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effectiveness of Mindfulness‐Based Stress Reduction Bibliotherapy: A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hazlett‐Stevens Holly , Oren Yelena
Published: August 2016

Objective

This randomized controlled investigation examined the effectiveness of a self‐help bibliotherapy format of the evidence‐based mindfulness‐based stress reduction (MBSR) intervention.

Method

College students seeking stress reduction were randomly assigned to a 10‐week MBSR bibliotherapy intervention group (n = 47) or a no‐treatment control group (n = 45). Self‐report measures were collected at baseline and postintervention.

Results

A total of 25 bibliotherapy and 43 control group participants provided final data following the intervention period. Compared to the control group, bibliotherapy participants reported increased mindfulness following the intervention. Significant decreases on measures of depression, anxiety, stress, perceived stress, and anxiety sensitivity also were reported postintervention as well as increased quality of life in physical health, psychological, and environmental domains. No statistically significant group effects were found for social relationships quality of life domain, worry, and experiential avoidance measures.

Conclusion

This MBSR workbook may provide an acceptable and effective alternative for motivated individuals seeking to reduce stress, at least for a select group of individuals who are willing and able to sustain participation in the intervention.
Semilinear elliptic equations for the fractional Laplacian involving critical exponential growth
Authors: de Souza Manassés , Araújo Yane Lisley
Published: August 2016

We establish the existence and multiplicity of weak solutions for a class of nonlocal equations involving the fractional Laplacian operator, nonlinearities with critical exponential growth, and potentials that may change sign. The proofs of our existence results rely on minimization methods and the mountain pass theorem. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Existence of positive solutions for integral boundary value problems of fractional differential equations on infinite interval
Authors: Li Xiaochen , Liu Xiping , Jia Mei , Li Yan , Zhang Sha
Published: August 2016

In this paper, we consider a class of nonlinear fractional differential equations on the infinite interval

urn:x-wiley:mma:media:mma4106:mma4106-math-0001
with the integral boundary conditions

urn:x-wiley:mma:media:mma4106:mma4106-math-0002
By using Krasnoselskii fixed point theorem, the existence results of positive solutions for the boundary value problem in three cases
and
, are obtained, respectively. We also give out two corollaries as applications of the existence theorems and some examples to illustrate our results. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dinitreno pentaradicals: organic sextet molecules
Authors: Mieres‐Pérez Joel , Henkel Stefan , Mendez‐Vega Enrique , Schleif Tim , Lohmiller Thomas , Savitsky Anton , Sander Wolfram
Published: August 2016

A new sextet ground state molecule, the 2,4,6‐trichloro‐1,3‐dinitrenophenoxyl radical, was obtained upon UV photolysis of the corresponding diazido precursor in argon at 5 K. The sextet molecule is formed stepwise with the triplet nitrene, the quartet nitreno radical, and the quintet dinitrene as intermediates that were detected by EPR spectroscopy. IR and UV–Vis measurements only allowed us to observe the main product, the quintet dinitrene. The coupling between the two nitrene centers and the oxygen centered radical in the sextet state results in zero‐field splitting (zfs) parameters of |D/hc| = 0.088 cm−1 and |E/hc| = 0.009 cm−1, considerably larger than in previously reported organic sextet molecules. An analogous sextet dinitrene formed by replacing the oxygen centered radical by a carbon centered radical was also studied by EPR spectroscopy, and in this case the zfs parameters |D/hc| = 0.125 cm−1 and |E/hc| = 0.023 cm−1 indicate even larger spin localization. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of a wind‐farm parametrization in a regional climate model using large eddy simulations
Authors: Chatterjee F. , Allaerts D. , Blahak U. , Meyers J. , van Lipzig N.P.M.
Published: August 2016

The increasing number of wind farms in the North Sea planned for 2020 is likely to affect the local, regional and perhaps global climate. To this effect, it is crucial to be able to model wind farms adequately on the regional scale. Wind farms have previously been implemented in regional climate models. However, such models have rarely been thoroughly evaluated, due to a lack of observation.

In this study, an idealized version of the COSMO‐CLM regional climate model is used in order to evaluate a constant thrust version of the Fitch wind‐farm parametrization using large eddy simulations (LES). As a benchmark for the COSMO‐CLM and LES comparison, a channel flow without wind farms is first evaluated. COSMO‐CLM is able to reproduce this channel flow with a root‐mean‐square error (RMSE) of 0.6 m s–1 (4%) and an Ekman flow with an RMSE of 0.05 m s–1
(2%). Next, the wind‐farm parametrization is implemented and evaluated. The wind‐farm parametrization yields a RMSE of 4 m s–1(12%) in wind speed for the channel flow and an RMSE of 0.2 m s–1(3%) for the Ekman flow. Based on LES output, a parameter was introduced to correct for the use of the grid‐box averaged velocity to calculate the thrust force in the wind‐farm parametrization instead of the disc‐averaged wind speed. This correction had little impact on the RMSE, showing that the use of the grid‐box velocity in the wind‐farm parametrization is adequate.
The effectiveness of the Penn Resiliency Programme (PRP) and its adapted versions in reducing depression and anxiety and improving explanatory style: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Bastounis Anastasios , Callaghan Patrick , Banerjee Anirban , Michail Maria
Published: August 2016

Mental health problems in children can be precursors of psychosocial problems in adulthood. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the universal application of a resilience intervention (PRP and derivatives), which has been proposed for large scale roll‐out. Electronic databases were searched for published randomized controlled trials of PRP and derivatives to prevent depression and anxiety and improve explanatory style in students aged 8–17 years. Studies were meta‐analysed and effect sizes with confidence intervals were calculated. The Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies of the Effective Public Health Practice Project was used to determine the confidence in the effect estimates. Nine trials from Australia, the Netherlands and USA met the inclusion criteria. No evidence of PRP in reducing depression or anxiety and improving explanatory style was found. The large scale roll‐out of PRP cannot be recommended. The content and structure of universal PRP should be re‐considered.
Alluvial fan, braided river and shallow-marine turbidity current deposits in the Port Lazo and Roche Jagu formations, Northern Brittany: relationships to andesite emplacements and implications for age of the Plourivo-Plouézec Group
Authors: WENT DAVID J.
Published: August 2016

Facies and stratigraphic analysis of the Port Lazo and Roche Jagu formations, together the lower part of the Plourivo-Plouézec Group, suggests deposition in three distinct depositional systems. The lower part of the Port Lazo Formation comprises red conglomerate, sandstone and shale of alluvial fan to alluvial plain origin. A conformable interval of grey sandstone and shale succeeds the lower Port Lazo red beds and records a period of subtidal sedimentation dominated by river-fed, shallow-water turbidity currents (hyperpycnites). The succeeding Roche Jagu Formation comprises red sandstones and shales of braided fluvial origin. It is intercalated with, and succeeded by, andesites. The andesites succeeding the fluvial strata overlie a prominent erosion surface and are lava flows, whereas those intercalated with the fluvial strata are intrusions. Rb–Sr radiometric dating of the andesites at 472+/−5 Ma is commonly used as evidence for the whole Plourivo-Plouézec Group being Early Ordovician in age. However, the stratigraphic relationships and patterns of sedimentation in the Port Lazo and Roche Jagu formations, together with the localized presence ofArumberia, suggest they are most likely of early Cambrian age and related to a phase of post-Cadomian rifting. The facies deposited show both similarities to and differences from neighbouring strata of equivalent age, and highlight the control exerted by sediment load on alluvial and nearshore processes on early Palaeozoic environments.
The tablets from Abu Salabikh and their provenance
Authors: Krebernik M. , Postgate J. N.
Published: August 2016

During the excavations at Abu Salabikh between 1975 and 1989 cuneiform tablets of Early Dynastic date were found in a variety of contexts. Those from 1975–76 were published in Biggs and Postgate 1978, and were added to the sequence of Inscriptions from Abu Salabikh as numbers 516–32. Here all the remaining pieces from later seasons are now published, extending the sequence from IAS 533 to 556. In the first part of the article the distribution of cuneiform tablets across the site as a whole is considered, along with the question of what this may imply for the function of the buildings in which they were found. The second part of the article is an edition of the newly published pieces, and this is followed by an index to the proper nouns and words attested in all the administrative texts from the site.
The ChicagoMaqlûfragment (A 7876)
Authors: Abusch Tzvi , Schwemer Daniel
Published: August 2016

The fragment A 7876 (Oriental Institute, Chicago) occupies a special position among the cuneiform sources of the ritualMaqlû. The six-column tablet, inscribed in the Neo-Assyrian script of the 8th and 7th centuries BC, originally contained the complete text of the series with its nine canonical tablets. Taking into account the relevant duplicate manuscripts the article offers an annotated edition of this fragment and compares its style and format to other “large tablets” (dubgallu) of Babylonian literary texts.
Die Rollsiegel der Sammlung Rich des British Museum
Authors: Oelsner Joachim
Published: August 2016

In der Handschriften-Abteilung der Thüringer Universitäts- und Landes-Bibliothek Jena befindet sich ein Holzkasten mit der Aufschrift „59 persische und babylonische Cylinder vom Residenten Rich in Babylon gefunden und ins Britische Museum geschenkt“. Es handelt sich um Gipsabgüsse von Rollsiegeln (Abformungen der Objekte, keine Abrollungen). Statt der angegebenen 59 sind heute allerdings nur 57 Stück vorhanden. Das bedeutet, daβ im Laufe der Zeit zwei Exemplare verloren gegangen sind. Die Stücke sind vermutlich im 19. Jh. in den Besitz der Jenaer Universität gelangt. Bemühungen, die Herkunft zu ermitteln, sind ohne Erfolg geblieben. In den Geschenkbüchern der Universitäts-Bibliothek konnten sie nicht nachgewiesen werden. Es ist auch nicht gelungen, den Schreiber der Aufschrift auf dem Kasten zu bestimmen, der mit dem Signum „S.“ in lateinischer Schrift zeichnet.
A Middle Assyrian flock-master's archive from Tell Ali
Authors: Ismail Bahijah Kh. , Postgate J. Nicholas
Published: August 2016

In 1978 a small archive of about twenty-five cuneiform tablets was discovered at the site of Tell Ali, which stands on the left bank of the Lower Zab more or less where travellers from Aššur to Nuzi and Arrapha would have crossed the river, some 42 km west of Kerkuk (Ismail 1982, 117). These tablets are now in the care of the Iraq Museum. We present here copies of almost all the texts by Dr Ismail, with her transliterations, alongside translations and commentary which are the joint work of the two authors.

Documentation of animal husbandry has been rather scarce among the Middle Assyrian archives hitherto recovered. A few texts have been published from Aššur (see Jacob 2003:KAJ115; 225; 267; 97;WVDOG94 73;VS21 26), and some of the best evidence came from Tell Billa, ancient Šibaniba, north-east of Nineveh (Finkelstein 1953, especially Nos. 21 and 36). It is clear that the Durkatlimmu archives will soon provide much fresh evidence (see passages cited in Jakob 2003, 365 ff.). This small archive from Tell Ali is contemporary with the bulk of the Durkatlimmu texts, and resembles them in various respects. Small as it is, it conveys a clear picture of the Assyrian state's interest in animal husbandry as a source of meat for special occasions and of wool and goat-hair to meet the state's requirements for everyday textile production.
A Nimrud manuscript of the fourth tablet of the seriesmīs pî, CTNIV 170(+) 188, and aKiutuincantation to the sun god
Authors: Shibata D.
Published: August 2016

A fragment of a two-column tablet containing a bilingual text from Nimrud,CTNIV 170, has turned out to belong to the same tablet asCTNIV 188, a manuscript of the fourth tablet of the seriesmīs pî“Mouth-Washing”. With the help of the new fragment, it becomes possible for the first time to reconstruct the second and third versions of a SumerianKiutuincantation to the sun god Utu-Šamaš.