bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF THE POTENTIAL NEUROACTIVITY IN THE BRAIN NERVE TERMINALS OF THE C60 FULLERENE PLANETARY DUST COMPONENT
Authors:   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Krisanova N. V. , Dudarenko M. V. ,   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pastukhov A. O. ,   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sivko R. V. ,   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kalynovska L. M. ,   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Driuk M. M. ,   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Nazarov A. G. ,   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Gutich I. І. ,   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Shliakhovyi V. V. ,   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pozdnyakova N. G. ,   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2023

A study of the infrared spectrum of the environment of the planetary nebula Tc 1 revealed the radiation of cold and neutral fullerenes C60 and C70. The results of the analysis of infrared spectra obtained using the Hubble space telescope conclusively proved the existence of C60+ fullerene in the interstellar medium. These large carbon-containing molecules can form and exist in the interstellar medium and are candidates to explain many diffuse interstellar absorption bands. In this study, the potential neuroactivity of the C60 fullerene as a planetary dust component was assessed in the isolated rat brain nerve terminals. It was shown that C60 fullerene in the unirradiated state at concentrations of 0.05—0.25 mg/ml did not change the extracellular levels of excitatory neurotransmitter L-[ 14C]glutamate and inhibitory neurotransmitter [ 3H]GABA in the preparations of rat brain nerve terminals. An increase in fullerene C60 concentrations up to 0.5 and 1.00 mg/ml was accompanied by an increase in the extracellular levels of L-[ 14C]glutamate and [3 H]GABA in the preparations of nerve terminals. Therefore, fullerene C60 did not cause signs of acute neurotoxicity in the brain nerve terminals within the concentration range of 0.05—0.25 mg/ml. However, given that C60 undergoes photooxidation, it can be expected that it may acquire neurotoxic properties in situ.
METHODS OF ACTIVE AND PASSIVE ELECTRONIC PROTECTION OF SMALL GROUND OBJECTS FROM RADIOMETRIC MILLIMETER DETECTION SYSTEMS
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, BYKOV V. , OSINOVYJ G. ,   Yuzhnoye State Design Office named after M. K. Yangel, KOZIS K. ,   Yuzhnoye State Design Office named after M. K. Yangel
Published: December 2023

We evaluate the probability and detection range of small-sized ground objects, including mobile objects, by passive-and-active radiometric detection and identification systems of millimeter range. We applied various methods allowing us to take into account a great number of factors (strength and multi-positional structure of a lighting source, pass bandwidth of a receiver of a radiometric (RM) system, characteristics of an antenna of a lighting source and RM system) and conditions for RM system sighting (sighting angles, dimensions and configuration of an object, influence of atmospheric hydrometeors) which affect the process of detection or non-detection of small-sized ground objects. Analytical expressions and formulas obtained in this study allow evaluation of the influence of applied methods and protection means on the detection process; i.e., evaluation of the efficiency of means for reduction of signature of small-sized ground mobile objects from radiometric detection systems of millimeter range. The paper presents a theoretical model for determining the probability and range of detection of a small ground object by a radiometric system. This model takes into account the possibility of using an active-passive radiometric system as well as active and passive means of reducing object visibility. The model made it possible to obtain generalized formulas both for the object-to- background radio brightness contrast and for the detection range of the object in the presence of illumination sources. Based on numerical simulation, it was shown the effectiveness of the worked-out model. In addition, it is shown that due to the use of an adjustable source of noise illumination, it is possible to significantly reduce the visibility of the object in dynamic conditions. The results of the paper outline the ways of development of modern high-tech methods of passive and active protection of ground objects from radiometric reconnaissance and weapon guidance systems.
A matemática na formação dos nutricionistas: percepções sobre o currículo
Authors: Priebe Débora Danielle Alves Moraes , Alvarenga Karly Barbosa
Published: December 2023

O domínio de habilidades quantitativas é vital para a prática diária dos nutricionistas, portanto, a familiarização com a matemática deve ser desenvolvida dentro de seu contexto formativo. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar as percepções de nutricionistas em atuação e em formação sobre o ensino da matemática no curso de nutrição, em termos da estrutura disciplinar, da articulação entre teoria e prática e da formação dos docentes. Para isso, foram realizadas 4 entrevistas com nutricionistas em diferentes estágios de suas carreiras, examinadas por meio da análise de conteúdo, de Bardin. Os resultados revelaram a forte presença da matemática em grande parte das disciplinas, destacando sua relevância não explicitada pelo texto curricular. O ensino da matemática no curso é predominantemente teórico, abstrato e pouco conectado com a prática nutricional. A falta de articulação entre os saberes prejudica a perspectiva dos estudantes sobre a utilidade da matemática e influencia sua motivação para o aprendizado. A insuficiência no preparo pedagógico dos docentes impacta o ensino da matemática, levando à adoção de abordagens baseadas na transmissão de conteúdos, na repetição e na memorização. A área de formação dos docentes que ministram a matemática é um dos fatores que levam os professores a não abordar a aplicabilidade dos assuntos ensinados com a futura profissão. É necessário que os docentes matemáticos considerem as especificidades e as necessidades da área de formação dos discentes, compreendendo a linguagem e os contextos da nutrição, para ensinar temas matemáticos relevantes a esse campo.
Impacts of the flexible net on riverbed evolution in degrading channels
Authors: Li Runxiang , Zhang Jing , Guo Zhixue
Published: December 2023

Short-term dramatic degradation of a riverbed poses a great threat to the river and functioning of infrastructure in its vicinity. In this paper, a straight flume experiment was conducted to measure the velocity, water level, riverbed elevation and riverbed morphology under different experimental conditions. This was combined with the SfM (structure-from-motion) method to generate riverbed digital elevation models and orthomosaic, and the impact of a flexible net on the riverbed evolution of a degrading channel was studied. The study reveals that, under the action of the flexible net, the degradation mode of the riverbed changes from parallel to rotational degradation with the erosion datum as the fulcrum, and with an increase in the longitudinal length of the flexible net, the riverbed's protection efficiency grows. The flexible net can effectively limit the movement of sediment under the net, and the finer sediment silting raises the erosion datum elevation. The location and morphological characteristics of the downstream scour holes are observed to be greatly affected by the deformation of the erosion datum. The scour hole shows an asymmetric distribution because of uneven scouring of the flow to the downstream riverbed. The research results could provide guidance in the management of degrading channels.
QUELLING THE RAGING FIRE: RESTORATIVE JUSTICE AS A RESPONSE TO VIGILANTISM IN SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Mokomane Reliance Bongani
Published: December 2023

Vigilantism is a persistent problem in South Africa. The problem largely emanates from people’s dissatisfaction with how the police, or the criminal justice system, deals with crime. There are high levels of crime in communities and the general feeling is that little has been done to curb it. Thus, the acts of vigilantism fill the vacuum left by unsatisfactory law enforcement or the criminal justice system. Although vigilantism constitutes criminal behaviour that warrants punishment, vigilantes are often viewed as proactive citizens fighting crime. Put differently, vigilantism is seen as an attempt by community members to deal with crime. One crime-intervention strategy that involves the community legally in finding appropriate solutions is restorative justice. Accordingly, research indicates that restorative justice has the potential to reduce crime. Given that crime is what triggers vigilantism, there is a reason to believe that restorative justice might eliminate the chances of people resorting to vigilantism. The purpose of this article is to examine restorative justice as a method of dealing with vigilantism in South Africa.
Sostenibilidad en prácticas y tecnologías agrícolas
Authors: Cabral Kelly de Oliveira
Published: December 2023

Este artículo presenta un breve análisis del uso del suelo y la cobertura del suelo en las zonas rurales, donde estas actividades provocan la degradación del medio ambiente, lo que lleva al deterioro por falta de un manejo adecuado. El mantenimiento en forma de uso de los recursos agua y suelo en las zonas agrícolas puede apoyarse en tecnologías innovadoras, las cuales son necesarias, ya que las prácticas agrícolas producen una contribución significativa a la erosión del suelo por parte de sus sistemas de producción. Actualmente, la industria 4.0 ayuda al agronegocio, que depende del suelo y el agua para su existencia, pero alimenta una relación abusiva con ambos. El análisis de la presencia de las tecnologías en el campo supone que, de villano y perseguidor de la biota terrestre, se convierte en una solución plausible para su revitalización, así como para la permanencia y eficiencia de las actividades agrícolas. El desarrollo sustentable es una idealización que está cada vez más presente y es una realidad en las prácticas de cultivo y creación, inherentes a la evolución y armonía entre el hombre y el medio ambiente. Como esencia en la implementación de la sustentabilidad, dando así la importancia global que debe tener el mantenimiento y preservación de la naturaleza.
La valorización de residuos agroindustriales para la producción de nuevos materiales
Authors: Rocha Bruna Bessa , Moura Jorge Daniel de Melo
Published: December 2023

Los residuos producidos por la actividad económica, como los residuos industriales y los residuos agroindustriales, son la principal fuente de materia prima para la producción de nuevos materiales para la construcción civil y rural, como, por ejemplo, paneles para cercas y revestimientos para edificios. Este artículo parte de la propuesta de una línea de producción de materiales y se caracteriza por ser un estudio basado en una investigación de lugares que generan cantidades significativas de residuos. Del relevamiento realizado, se puede concluir que la Región Administrativa del municipio de Presidente Prudente tiene potencial para la implementación de un sistema que apoye a los propietarios de aserraderos de la región en la implementación de un núcleo productor de componentes modulares de la volumen de residuos generados.
Agenda ONU 2030: retos y perspectivas para la reducción de las desigualdades
Authors: Freitas Karollayne Nunes dos Santos
Published: December 2023

O presente trabalho analisa os desafios e as perspectivas para a redução das desigualdades no âmbito da Agenda 2030 da Organização das Nações Unidas, a fim de estabelecer a relação existente entre os Objetivos para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável, em específico, o ODs de n. 10.4 que evidencia a importância da política fiscal e social para o avanço das políticas públicas para a garantia dos direitos fundamentais, especialmente dos direitos sociais para os mais vulneráveis. Para tanto, a trajetória metodológica adotada foi a análise dedutiva, baseada na pesquisa bibliográfica a partir da reunião de artigos científicos que trabalham a temática em comento. Por fim, compreende-se a importância do diálogo entre as políticas públicas e a perspectiva econômico-hermenêutica, considerando a relação entre orçamento, boa governança e garantia de direitos fundamentais.
Análisis del comportamiento térmico de ambientes generados por un Eco Cooler
Authors: Oliveira Aparecida Helena Krasucki Lopes de , Salvador Thais Helena , Rocha Bruna Bessa , Cardoso Bruno César de Castro
Published: December 2023

La investigación tuvo como objetivo construir placas de un Eco Cooler para probar su efectividad en su desempeño térmico como medio de enfriamiento en construcciones temporales y emergentes en la ciudad de Presidente Prudente-SP. El Eco Cooler fue fabricado de forma manual y con materiales 100% reciclables, prescindiendo del uso de cualquier dispositivo electrónico y electricidad, desde su producción hasta su funcionamiento. El material utilizado es botella de PET, tableros de poliestireno, cinta aislante, cortador de poliestireno, cola de poliestireno, madera OSB, clavo, martillo y sierra para mármol (para la estructura donde se instalará el Eco Cooler). Los análisis de datos de rendimiento térmico se midieron con sensores colocados en la superficie interior y exterior del edificio donde se instaló la loseta Eco Cooler. El experimento muestra que el Eco Cooler es una alternativa viable para reducir la temperatura en ambientes interiores, especialmente en lugares con clima cálido y seco, como la región de Presidente Prudente-SP. Además, la construcción de equipos puede ser una forma de incentivar el reciclaje de materiales, contribuyendo con el medio ambiente.
Estudio sobre la aplicación de relaves de mineral de hierro como pequeño árido en la producción de mortero para colocación y revestimiento
Authors: Morais Ricardo Martins , Carvalho Lucas Pinto de , Dias Fabrício Moura
Published: December 2023

La explotación del mineral de hierro genera un gran volumen de relaves que normalmente se almacenan en presas, cuando se producen en forma de celulosa, y también en pilas, cuando se generan en seco. Estos relaves almacenados, además de ocupar un área extensa, generan un pasivo ambiental muy grande, que puede verse agravado por la ruptura de las presas de contención. Con el fin de disponer adecuadamente estos residuos, se han realizado estudios para aplicarlos como materia prima en la construcción civil. Ante este escenario, este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la aplicación de residuos de mineral de hierro en la producción de mortero como alternativa a la sustitución de arena (árido fino). Se realizaron cuatro mezclas de mortero para evaluar el comportamiento del composite con diferentes porcentajes de residuo. Se elaboró un mortero con una mezcla estándar de cemento y tres morteros más, reemplazando el 25%, 50% y 70% de la cantidad de arena con residuo de mineral de hierro. Se evaluó la trabajabilidad del mortero con la adición del residuo y luego de 28 días de curado, se rompieron las probetas para obtener la resistencia a compresión. Se observó que parte de las probetas con residuo presentaron mayor resistencia en comparación con las probetas estándar, lo que puede posibilitar su uso como material estructural.
El extractivismo en la Amazonia integrado en cadenas de producción sostenibles: una revisión
Authors: Silva Hugo Rodrigues da , Valim Ricardo
Published: December 2023

La Amazonia representa una de las mayores fuentes de recursos naturales del mundo, siendo considerada uno de los tres patrimonios naturales más importantes del planeta. Además de su riqueza en recursos naturales, la Amazonia es también el hogar de varios pueblos indígenas y comunidades tradicionales, que a lo largo del tiempo han aprendido a vivir en diferentes tipos de medio ambiente, acumulando un vasto conocimiento sobre las plantas y el medio ambiente. Entre ellas están las comunidades extractivistas, que son comunidades que se mantienen principalmente a través del extractivismo, que corresponde básicamente a una forma de producir bienes en la que los recursos son extraídos de su área de ocurrencia natural. Ejemplos de actividades extractivistas son la recolección de productos, la caza y la pesca. Estas personas viven en las llamadas reservas extractivistas, que por definición son áreas de bosques protegidas por ley, concedidas a poblaciones tradicionales, que se mantienen principalmente a través de la recolección de frutos del bosque, caucho, aceites, semillas y derivados. Las reservas, además de garantizar el uso sostenible de los recursos naturales, también son de suma importancia para proteger los medios de vida y las culturas de las poblaciones tradicionales. Por lo tanto, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo revisar la literatura con el fin de señalar la importancia de las comunidades extractivas para el mantenimiento de la biodiversidad y cómo su integración en los procesos de producción sostenible puede ayudar a alcanzar los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible.
Formas Urbanas y Tensión Regional: La Influencia de La Centralidad de Las Ciudades en El Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 11
Authors: Colusso Izabele , Florentino Amanda Rambo , Kunzler Cibele , Michelon Eduarda Elicker , Rodriguez Janquiel Lessa Florêncio , Dalpiás Júlia da Rosa
Published: December 2023

La investigación titulada “Formas Urbanas y Tensión Regional: La Influencia de la Centralidad de las Ciudades en el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 11” tiene como objetivo demostrar cómo la influencia de la centralidad de los 13 municipios de la Región Metropolitana de Serra Gaúcha (RGSM) está de acuerdo con la Agenda 2030 de la ONU (Naciones Unidas). El método de investigación se apegó exclusivamente a datos estadísticos, recolectando datos de cada municipio, primero sobre la centralidad de cada ciudad y luego, recolectando información sobre los indicadores ODS 11 (Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 11) de cada municipio, y así correlacionar estos datos de la tabla. La dirección de la investigación retrata la situación de influencia de una ciudad sobre la otra y el impacto que estos datos generan en la región en el cumplimiento de la agenda de desarrollo sostenible de estas ciudades. De los análisis presentados, se puede decir que este instrumento puede ser una herramienta útil para la toma de decisiones sobre la planificación urbana y espacial de estas ciudades para que el cumplimiento de los indicadores del ODS 11 sea efectivo hasta el 2030.
Stages of university digital transformation in studies of foreign researchers
Authors: Belova Elena N. , Andryushkina Ekaterina Y.
Published: December 2023

As a significant part of University 4.0 strategy, digital transformation is currently unfolding along with the trends of internationalization and export of education. These processes actualize the experience of foreign universities on the issue of digital transformation. The aim of the study is to describe and systematize the knowledge about the stages of the university digital transformation as presented in studies of foreign researchers. The authors analyzed researches conducted at universities in Latin America, Spain, and Romania over the past 4 years. In the works studied, digital transformation is understood as a purposefully organized complex process, not limited to digitalization and informatization. The experience of digital transformation at foreign universities allows us to trace a number of directions: development of infrastructure, human capital, innovation and networking with partner organizations. The studied works promote the idea of the uniqueness of digital transformation process for each particular university. The practical significance of the paper is the systematization of knowledge about the stages of digital transformation in the works of foreign scientists.
Educational potential of subject training of the future teacher in the conditions of modern educational policy
Authors: Allagulov Arthur M. , Khisamutdinova Ravilya R.
Published: December 2023

The relevance of the problem of the educational potential of the subject training of the future teacher is due to the growing interest in the problem of educating the younger generation. Geopolitical transformations have updated the search for value-semantic regulations of educational work in educational organizations. The aim of the study is to substantiate the educational potential of the subject training of the future teacher in the conditions of modern educational policy. The research methodology is represented by an axiological and activity approach. The main methods used were: comparative analysis of pedagogical and methodological literature, normative legal acts and methodological documents regulating the educational process in educational organizations; generalization and synthesis of the results obtained; questioning and observation. Based on monitoring research data, a portrait of the modern younger generation is presented, as well as characteristics of the “Alpha” generation, that is, children born after 2010 (in accordance with the concept of Mark McCrind). The scientific novelty of the study includes the identified components of the educational potential of the subject training of the future teacher. The value of the study lies in substantiating the educational potential of the subject training of the future teacher in the conditions of modern educational policy. The practical significance of the study is expressed in the presentation of pedagogical developments in the implementation of the educational potential of the subject training of the future teacher using the example of the academic discipline “History of Russia”.
Implicit effect in experimental studying of the deviant behavior of adolescents
Authors: Khusainova Svetlana V.
Published: December 2023

Deviant behavior in adolescence was noted by parents, teachers and philosophers at all historical times, but had a descriptive character. This social phenomenon has gained relevance for society in connection with urbanization, and therefore with the density of settlement in a limited area. The scientific study of a socially significant phenomenon has encountered difficulties in identifying non-obvious internal and environmental motivators that encourage subjects to deviate behavior. The psychological problem is seen in the identification and valid registration of implicit factors that stimulate the subject to socially disapproved actions. The aim of the study is to experimentally identify hidden variables that predispose to a decrease in deviations in the behavior of adolescents. The object of study is the deviant adolescent behavior. The task is to register an implicit effect that reduces the result of exposure in correctional training. 43 volunteers aged 14-15 years participated in the experiments. According to the observed behavioral signs, they were divided into two groups: a group of individuals with prerequisites for deviant behavior and a group of volunteers with socially acceptable behavior. For diagnostic procedures, the methods of Bass – Darka, Spielberger – Khanin, V. Zung, and the program of correction of deviance by G.I. Makartycheva were selected. The reliability of the results was determined by the Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon criteria, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was calculated. The result is that adolescents with prerequisites for deviant behavior have an implicit effect – facilitation (the Zayonets effect) in the form of increased anxiety in the situation of group remedial classes.
Design and Performance Analysis of an Air-Based Photovoltaic/Thermal Collector in Winter
Authors: KESTANE Özer , ULGEN Koray
Published: December 2023

The most basic needs of the buildings in which we spend almost all of our time are electricity and heat demands. Especially in cold climatic regions, it is very important that both electrical energy and heating energy demand are met through the same system. The use of photovoltaic (PV), is increasing rapidly. Photovoltaic panels can transform solar energy into electrical energy with less than 20% performance. Photovoltaic-thermal(PV/T) collectors which can be mounted on facades of buildings or used as building envelopes, are one of the solar energy applications. With this collector, both electric energy and thermal energy demand is produced from solar energy. In our work, Photovoltaic panel and some kind of solar air collector have been taken into consideration. In order to determine the behavior of the air-based photovoltaic-thermal collector, an experimental setup and a measurement system have been established. The experimental setup consists of this measurement system, sensors that obtain data, and a data storage unit that can transmit temperature, humidity, and radiation data to the computer at the desired frequency. In order to determine the performance of the air-based PV/T collector, the efficiencies of both the PV and the solar air collector were calculated separately. To determine the performance of this collector, calculation criteria’s and model has been determined. When creating this model, the problem has been considered as time-dependent under irregular conditions. The theoretical analysis model, which was established to determine the performance of the air-based PV/T collector, was evaluated according to the winter climatic conditions of Izmir-Turkey.
Design, Finite Element Analysis and Optimization of Helical Angular Pressing (HAP) Method as a Novel SPD Technique
Authors: KARABEY Ömer
Published: December 2023

Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) processes improve the mechanical properties of materials by obtaining Ultra Fine Grained (UFG) materials, orienting the grains and reforming the grains. Helical Angular Pressing (HAP) is a newly proposed Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) method. In order to improve the efficiency of the HAP method, its die geometry should be optimized first. In this context, four parameters (helical diameter, helical pitch, helical height and channel radius) were determined for the die channel geometry, each with four levels according to the literature. Then, thanks to Taguchi L16 combinations, 16 Finite Element Analyses (FEA) were carried out using Deform 3D software instead of 256 simulations, and effective strain values and maximum pressing load values were obtained. Later on, using the SPSS 16 software, Taguchi optimization was carried out to obtain the optimum HAP die channel geometries by minimizing the press load and maximizing the effective strain values. Next, the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was repeated with these determined optimum die channel parameters. Finally, the efficiency of this novel HAP method was compared with conventional Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) and Twist Extrusion (TE) methods. As a result, HAP method provides effective strain values equivalent to 10 number of passes after processing with ECAP. And it is approximately 4 times higher than that achieved by TE processing. As a result of the Taguchi optimization, it is concluded that the values in the combination of diameter (d)=60 mm, height (h)=50 mm, radius (r)=4 and pitch (p)=1.25 are the optimum die geometry. In conclusion, these results indicate that the proposed novel HAP method is an efficient and applicable SPD technique.
Work Accidents: A Bibliometric Analysis of International Literature and the Situation in Turkey
Authors: AĞAR Ali
Published: December 2023

With scientific and technological developments, people's welfare levels have increased. However, occupational accidents still continue to be an important problem in workplaces around the world. The aim of this study is to examine the necessary articles about the active journals, the most publishing countries, the most used keywords and research areas in the international and Turkish literature on occupational accidents. In this study, bibliometric analysis techniques were used to realize the purpose of the research and to find answers to the research questions. Research data were obtained from the Web of Science (WoS) database in June 2023. VOSviewer and Excel software program were used in the analysis of the data. While the highest number of publications on work accidents in the world was made in 2020, it was made in 2019 in Turkey. While the most publications were made in the field of public, environmental and occupational health as a research subject in the world, the most publications were made in the field of emergency medicine in our country. While Brazil is the most broadcasting country in the world, Turkey ranks third. It has been determined that the most widely published magazine in the world is Safety Science magazine and the most frequently used keyword is work accident. In addition, it has been determined that most of the publications addressing Türkiye were made in Istanbul University. As a result, it is seen that the studies carried out on occupational accidents in the world and in Turkey are not sufficient. In order to increase the productivity of the workplaces and the efficiency of the employees, the prevention of work accidents and increasing the number of researches in this field should be the first priority.
SkinCNN: Classification of Skin Cancer Lesions with A Novel CNN Model
Authors: ÇETİNER İbrahim
Published: December 2023

Recently, there has been an increase in the number of cancer cases due to causes such as physical inactivity, sun exposure, environmental changes, harmful drinks and viruses. One of the most common types of cancer in the general population is skin cancer. There is an increase in exposure to the sun's harmful rays due to reasons such as environmental changes, especially ozone depletion. As exposure increases, skin changes occur in various parts of the body, especially the head and neck, in both young and old. In general, changes such as swelling in skin lesions are diagnosed as skin cancer. Skin cancers that are frequently seen in the society are known as actinic keratosis (akiec), basal cell carcinoma (bcc), bening keratosis (bkl), dermatofibroma (df), melanoma (mel), melanocytic nevi (nv), and vascular (vasc) types. It is not possible to consider all possible skin changes as skin cancer. In such a case, the development of a decision support system that can automatically classify the specified skin cancer images will help specialized healthcare professionals. For these purposes, a basic model based on MobileNet V3 was developed using the swish activation function instead of the ReLU activation function of the MobileNet architecture. In addition, a new CNN model with a different convolutional layer is proposed for skin cancer classification, which is different from the studies in the literature. The proposed CNN model (SkinCNN) achieved a 97% success rate by performing the training process 30 times faster than the pre-trained MobileNet V3 model. In both models, training, validation and test data were modelled by partitioning according to the value of cross-validation 3. MobileNet V3 model achieved F1 score, recall, precision, and accuracy metrics of 0.87, 0.88, 0.84, 0.83, 0.84, and 0.83, respectively, in skin cancer classification. The SkinCNN obtained F1 score, recall, precision, and accuracy metrics of 0.98, 0.97, 0.96, and 0.97, respectively. With the obtained performance metrics, the SkinCNN is competitive with the studies in the literature. In future studies, since the SkinCNN is fast and lightweight, it can be targeted to run on real-time systems.
Digital Certificate Security: A Blockchain-based Approach for Fraud Prevention and Verification
Authors: ZAMAN Nihat , KARABEY AKSAKALLI Işıl , BAYĞIN Nursena
Published: December 2023

With the rise of digitalization and increased internet usage, digital certificates' security issues have gained significant importance. The utilization of counterfeit certificates can lead to deceptive identity and capability verifications, allowing untrustworthy individuals to assume misleading positions. Simultaneously, factors such as data leaks and technical glitches can jeopardize the security of certificates. These challenges can complicate talent verification processes and result in unsuitable individuals being placed in incorrect roles. The proposed work aims to thwart forged certificates and ensure their verifiability within this context. The methodology employed in the study strives to mitigate potential data loss or accessibility problems by adopting a decentralized storage structure. The primary objective is to establish certificates that are reliable, traceable, and capable of being verified. A rapid and efficient user interface was developed using React.js to achieve this aim. Smart contracts were scripted on the Ethereum blockchain using Solidity, and data, including user information and certificate details, were stored within components like MongoDB. In the phase of practical implementation, diverse scenarios have been designed to facilitate the generation, verification, and monitoring of certificates. The proposed approach is geared towards deterring forgery and enhancing the credibility of certificates. Through this system, users and organizations can authenticate certificates and prevent the proliferation of counterfeit ones. Furthermore, the enhanced security and ease of sharing certificates on digital platforms offer substantial advantages to certificate holders. In summary, this study strives to enhance the safeguarding and dependability of certificates by addressing the security concerns posed by the era of digitalization.
Urinary Bladder Inflammation Prediction with the Gray Wolf Optimization Algorithm and Multi-Layer Perceptron-Based Hybrid Architecture
Authors: BÜLBÜL Mehmet Akif
Published: December 2023

In this study, a decision support system for bladder inflammation prediction is presented. The proposed decision support system is built by establishing a hybrid architecture with Gray wolf optimization algorithm (GWO) and Multi-layer perceptron (MLP) networks. In addition to optimizing the hyperparameters in the MLP structure with GWO, the hybrid architecture also optimizes the order of input values to be presented to the MLP structure. The Acute Inflammations data set in the UCI Machine Learning repository was used as the data set in the study. Classification operations were carried out on this data set with the models obtained with hybrid architecture, Decision trees, k-Nearest Neighbors and Support Vector Machines methods. The controversial findings presented as a result of experimental studies have shown that the proposed hybrid architecture produces more successful results than other machine learning methods used in the study. In addition, the MLP network structure optimized with the hybrid architecture offers a new diagnostic method in terms of patient decision support systems.
Last Mile Humanitarian Aid Delivery Model with Electric Vehicles to Disaster Areas
Authors: ÖZMEN Mihrimah , ÇELİK Rıza , ÇELİK Ülkü Nisa , TEBER Melisa , AKTAŞ Duygu Ceren , KAYA Mehmet Fatih
Published: December 2023

Natural disasters that cause a lot of loss of life and property in Türkiye occur frequently due to reasons such as our country's geographical location, climatic conditions and landforms. For this reason, it is necessary to be extremely prepared for the consequences of disasters. It is also very important to quickly deliver the necessary materials and equipment to people affected by these disasters. For this reason, electric vehicles were included in the mathematical model proposed in the study due to the fuel problems that will be experienced during the disaster process. In this study, a 0-1 mixed integer last mile humanitarian aid distribution model that will be delivered to hospitals from the designated warehouse after a possible disaster is proposed. The proposed model determines routes that will minimize the total distance of electric vehicles, taking into account their charging and energy consumption. Considering the power outages after the earthquake, solar powered electric vehicle charging stations were preferred. The proposed model was applied for the post-earthquake aid distribution example in Kayseri province. Distance data and consumed energy amounts for the Kayseri province example were entered into the model and solved in the CPLEX program. With this study, an example application was carried out for aid distribution activities with electric vehicles after an earthquake in Kayseri. Additionally, the effectiveness of the use of energy-efficient electric vehicles in disaster management was evaluated in the article.
Evaluating the Effect of Diameter-to-Length Ratio in Point Load Index Test on Predicting Uniaxial Compressive Strength
Authors: AKBAY Deniz
Published: December 2023

Accurate determination of the strength properties of rock materials is very important in engineering projects. The most important parameter used to express the strength of rocks is the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS). However, in some cases it can be quite difficult to determine the UCS. For example, when it is difficult to obtain rock specimens of the required size for UCS testing, indirect methods such as point load strength and ultrasonic wave velocity are used to estimate UCS. If the UCS is determined incorrectly, this can lead to irreversible design errors, project delays and financial losses. PLI testing is performed on specimens of different shapes as well as on specimens of different sizes. This study investigates the ability of the values obtained as a result of PLI tests on specimens prepared with different diameter/length (D/L) ratios to predict UCS. For this purpose, PLI experiments were performed on seven different carbonate rocks prepared at different D/L ratios. The relationships between the obtained values and the UCS values of the rocks were analyzed. High correlations were obtained between PLI and UCS values and it was observed that D/L ratio has no significant effect on UCS estimation.
Studying the therapeutic effectiveness of a new complex drug in poultry farming
Authors: Khlebalina Alyona  S. , Engashev Sergey V. , Komarov Alexander A. , Lunegov Alexander M.
Published: December 2023

The study was conducted on 38,000 36-week-old chickens of the “ROSS-308” breed. The results of a clinical study of the drug “Amoxyantare” in cases of bacterial etiology diseases in poultry are presented. Bacteriological examinations of pathological material from deceased chickens revealed the following pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter agglomerans, Proteus mirabilis, and Escherichia coli. To evaluate the efficacy of the drug, four experimental groups were simultaneously formed, consisting of 4000, 13,000, 15,000, and 6000 birds, respectively. The chickens were administered Amoxyantare at a daily dose of 17.5–35 mg per 1 kg of body weight for 3–5 days. The effectiveness of the drug was assessed based on the disappearance of clinical signs of the disease and the absence of disease agents in the biomaterial after the last administration of the drug. The obtained results indicate the high efficacy of the Amoxyantare drug against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter agglomerans, Proteus mirabilis, and Escherichia coli, with no observed side effects on the birds at the specified dosage.
JEOTERMAL SAHALARDA FAYLARIN EĞİMİNİN VE PERMEABİLİTE KONTRASTININ SICAKLIK VE AKIŞ DAĞILIMINA ETKİSİNİN SAYISAL MODELLENMESİ
Authors: ORTA Deniz , GÜVEM Bahar , ÜZÜM Yasin , DOĞAN Doğa
Published: December 2023

Jeotermal sahalarda fayların/kırıkların varlığı, jeotermal akışkanın ve sıcaklığın dağılımını önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Özellikle yoğun faylanmanın olduğu sahalarda bu etki daha fazla ön plana çıkmaktadır. Daha önceki çalışmalar, fayların varlığının ve fay ile ortam arasındaki permeabilite farkının, akışkan hareketi üzerine olan etkilerini tartışmıştır. Bu etkinin anlaşılabilmesi için seçilebilecek yöntemlerin başında, pek çok fiziksel ve hidrolik parametreyi kapsayan sayısal modelleme çalışmaları gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, fayların eğimlerinin ve fay-civar kayaçlar arası permeabilite kontrastının neden olduğu sıcaklık dağılımı ve yeraltısuyu akış dağılımı farklı test modeller oluşturularak incelenmiştir. Sayısal modelleme için Hesaplamalı Akışkanlar Dinamiği (HAD) programı olan ve sonlu hacimler prensibi ile çalışan ANSYS Fluent yazılımı kullanılmıştır. Test modellerinin sonuçları, fay açısı değişiminin, sıcaklık dağılımını ve hız vektörlerinin yönünü bir miktar etkilese de, esas belirleyici faktörün permeabilite kontrastı olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, yoğun faylanmanın olduğu jeotermal sahalarda, akışkanın olası yollarını kestirebilmek için bir ön çalışma olarak uygulanabilir ve geliştirilebilir.
Utilidad diagnóstica de los tiempos de positividad de hemocultivos para distinguir verdaderas bacteriemias de contaminantes en base a un sistema automatizado
Authors: Laque-Ale Aracely , Hueda-Zavaleta Miguel , Gómez de la Torre Juan Carlos , Alvarado Luis , Cáceres del Águila José Alonso
Published: December 2023

Objective. To determine the diagnostic performance of blood culture positivity times for distinguishing true bacteremia from contaminants in the automated “BACT/ALERT®” system. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional, diagnostic test-type study was conducted from a database of blood culture samples processed between January 2016 and August 2021. All blood culture samples from patients with suspected bacteremia were included; blood culture samples were entered into the “BACT/ALERT®” system to differentiate true bacteremia from contaminants. Results. We obtained 33,951 blood cultures samples, of which 3875 were positive. Of the total number of positive blood cultures, 75.2% (n=2913) were true bacteremia and 24.8% (n=962) were contaminants. The median time to positivity in blood cultures with true bacteremia was significantly shorter (16.3 hours; IQR: 11.2 - 24.9) than the median time to positivity of blood cultures with contaminants (22.5 hours; IQR: 18.4 - 31.8; p<0.001). Thepositivity time showed the capacity to differentiate true bacteremia from contaminants, with an AUC-ROC of 0.73(95%CI: 0.71 - 0.75), with 85% and 63% sensitivity and specificity respectively for the diagnosis of contaminantswhen the positivity time exceeds 16.5 hours. The use of antibiotics prior to sampling delayed the time to positivity, while having fever before sampling shortened the time to positivity. Conclusions. Our results show good diagnostic performance of blood culture positivity times to differentiate true bacteremia from contaminants using the “BACT/ALERT®” system when the positivity time was longer than 16.5 hours.
Efectos de fuentes de grasa sobre características del hígado y la morfometría intestinal en un modelo animal a temprana edad
Authors: Gutiérrez Zorrilla Ivonne M. , Bernuy-Osorio Nataly D. , Zea Mendoza Otto , Yabar Villanueva Emilio Fredy , Vílchez-Perales Carlos
Published: December 2023

El objetivo fue determinar el efecto del consumo de tres fuentes de ácidos grasos sobre el peso relativo, caracterización macroscópica y microscópica del hígado, y la morfometría intestinal en un modelo animal a temprana edad. Se utilizaron 76 pollitos distribuidos al azar, que recibieron una de las dietas (T1: 97,0% de dieta basal (DB) + 3,0% de material inerte, T2: 97,0% de DB + 3,0% de manteca vegetal parcialmente hidrogenada, T3: 97,0% de DB + 3,0% de aceite de quinua, y T4: 97,0% de DB + 3,0% de aceite de pescado) hasta el séptimo día de vida; luego se extrajeron muestras para los análisis correspondientes. Se encontró que, los animales que consumieron aceite de quinua (T3) o aceite de pescado (T4) tuvieron resultados favorables asociados a un menor peso del hígado y, una mejor absorción de nutrientes a nivel intestinal debido a mayores valores en la relación longitud del vello y profundidad de cripta; en comparación a la manteca vegetal parcialmente hidrogenada (T2). En conclusión, el aceite de quinua constituye una opción saludable de consumo y fuente alternativa al aceite de pescado.
Asociación entre el grado de severidad de la infección por COVID-19 durante el embarazo y la rotura prematura de membranas pretérmino en un hospital nivel III del Perú
Authors: Palma Aitana , Niño-Huertas Adrian , Bendezu-Quispe Guido , Herrera-Añazco Percy
Published: December 2023

Objetivos. Determinar la asociación entre el grado de severidad de la infección por COVID-19 durante el embarazo y la rotura prematura de membranas pretérmino (RPMP) en un hospital nivel III de Perú. Materiales y Métodos. Estudio transversal, analítico y observacional en mujeres mayores de 18 años con diagnóstico de infección por COVID-19 en el embarazo durante el 2020-2022. Se recogieron variables clínicas y obstétricas. Para el análisis descriptivo se realizaron las pruebas de Chi Cuadrado y exacta de Fisher, y para el análisis multivariado, se calculó la razón de prevalencia mediante regresión de Poisson en modelos crudos y justados. Todas las pruebas estadísticas se realizaron considerando un valor de p<0,05 como significativo y con un nivel de confianza de 95%. Resultados. Se analizaron los datos de 163 gestantes con COVID-19, de las cuales el 9,2% tuvieron RPMP, todas fueron casos sintomáticos. Los casos leves de COVID-19 tuvieron 1,10 veces la probabilidad de presentar RPMP (RPa=1,10; IC95%: 1,02−1,18) y los casos moderados/severos  tuvieron 1,64 veces esta probabilidad (RPa=1,64; IC95%: 1,43−1,87), en comparación con los casos asintomáticos. Conclusiones. Se identificó que un mayor grado de severidad de la infección por COVID-19 durante el embarazo se asoció a una mayor probabilidad de tener RPMP.
Adecuación de mensajes de las guías alimentarias para personas con discapacidad visual en Lima, Perú: una experiencia de validación
Authors: Lázaro-Serrano Mirko , Domínguez-Curi César
Published: December 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es describir el proceso de diseño y validación de los mensajes de las guías alimentarias escritas bajo el sistema de lecto escritura braille dirigido a personas con discapacidad visual. Elproceso involucró las siguientes etapas: i) diseño y elaboración del material con el contenido de mensajesde las guías alimentarias, así como, la adecuación del formato; ii) validación técnica con representantesdel Consejo Nacional para la Integración de la Persona con Discapacidad (CONADIS); y iii) validación operativa mediante grupos focales con niños, adolescentes y adultos con discapacidad visual que saben leer braille. Los participantes confirmaron la legibilidad, claridad y comprensión de los mensajes y aprobaron el formato del material diseñado. Finalmente, se destaca que la participación de informantes claves y personas con discapacidad visual en todas las etapas resultó relevante para la elaboración de un material informativo con los mensajes de alimentación saludable en braille.
BİTCOİN İLE EMTİALAR ARASINDAKİ ZAMANLA DEĞİŞEN VOLATİLİTE YAYILIMLARI
Authors: ŞENOL Zekai
Published: December 2023

Kripto varlıklar pay senetleri ve emtialar gibi geleneksel yatırım araçlarıyla karşılaştırıldığında daha

az düzenleme, düşük işlem maliyetleri, merkeziyetsizlik gibi bazı avantajlara sahiptirler. Kripto

varlıklar ortaya çıkışlarından günümüze kadar fiyat, hacim ve değer bakımından artarak portföylerde

kendilerine yer edinmeye başlamışlardır. Kripto varlıkların geleneksel yatırım araçlarıyla olan ilişkileri

portföy yönetimi açısından sonuçlar ortaya çıkarabilir. Bu çalışmada bitcoin ile altın, petrol, doğal gaz

ve emtia endeksinden oluşan emtialar arasındaki volatilite yayılımları incelenmiştir. Çalışmada 24

Ağustos 2016 – 13 Ocak 2023 dönemine ait günlük veriler varyansta nedensellik ve Lu, Hong, Wang,

Lai ve Liu (2014) tarafından geliştirilen zamanla değişen varyansta nedensellik testiyle incelenmiştir.

Çalışmada bitcoinden altın ve emtia endeksine doğru ve doğal gazdan bitcoine doğru tek yönlü

volatilite yayılımı görülmüştür. Bitcoin ile emtilar arasında düşük düzeyde zamanla değişen volatilite

yayılımı belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar portföy yönetimi, portföy riskinin yönetilmesi, yatırım kararları

açısından önem taşımaktadır.