bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Extended Warheads of Reversible and Irreversible Cysteine-Targeted Covalent Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: zhao zheng , Bourne Philip
Published: April 2024

In designing covalent kinase inhibitors (CKIs), the inclusion of electrophiles as attacking warheads demands careful choreography, ensuring not only their presence on the scaffold moiety but also their precise interaction with nucleophiles in the binding sites. Given the limited number of known electrophiles, exploring adjacent chemical space to broaden the palette of available electrophiles capable of covalent inhibition, is desirable. Here, we perform a systematic analysis of the characteristics of warheads and corresponding adjacent fragments for use in CKI design. We first collect all the released cysteine-targeted CKIs from multiple databases and create one CKI dataset containing 16,961 kinase-inhibitor data points from 12,381 unique CKIs covering 146 kinases with accessible cysteines in their binding pockets. Then we analyze this dataset, focusing on the extended warheads (i.e., warheads + adjacent fragments) — including 30 common warheads and 1344 unique adjacent fragments. Thus, we provide structural insights, and delineate chemical properties, and patterns in these extended warheads. Notably, we highlight the privileged patterns observed within reversible CKIs for the popular warheads cyanoacrylamide and aldehyde. This study provides medicinal chemists with novel insights into extended warheads and a comprehensive source of adjacent fragments, thus guiding the design, synthesis, and optimization of CKIs.
Modelling Heterogeneous Catalysis using Quantum Computers: An academic and industry perspective
Authors: Hariharan Seenivasan , Kinge Sachin , Visscher Lucas
Published: April 2024

Heterogeneous catalysis plays a critical role in many industrial processes, including the production of fuels, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals, and research to improve current catalytic processes is important to make chemical industry more sustainable. Despite its importance, the challenge of identifying optimal catalysts with the required activity and selectivity persists, demanding a detailed understanding of the complex interactions between catalysts and reactants at various length and time scales. Density functional theory (DFT) has been the workhorse in modelling heterogeneous catalysis for more than three decades. While DFT has been instrumental, this review explores the application of quantum computing algorithms in modelling heterogeneous catalysis, marking a paradigm shift in our approach to understanding catalytic interfaces. Bridging academic and industrial perspectives, focusing on emerging materials such as multi-component alloys, single-atom catalysts, and magnetic catalysts, we delve into the limitations of DFT in capturing strong correlation effects and spin-related phenomena. The review also presents important algorithms and their applications relevant to heterogeneous catalysis modelling, showcasing advancements in the field. Additionally, the review explores embedding strategies where quantum computing algorithms handle strongly correlated regions, while traditional quantum chemistry algorithms address the remainder, offering a promising approach for large-scale heterogeneous catalysis modelling. Looking forward, ongoing investments by academia and industry reflect a growing enthusiasm for quantum computing's potential in heterogeneous catalysis research. The review concludes by envisioning a future where quantum computing algorithms seamlessly integrate into research workflows, propelling us into a new era of computational chemistry and thereby reshaping the landscape of heterogeneous catalysis.
Oxygen vacancy formation as the rate-determining step in the Mars-van Krevelen mechanism
Authors: Gu Hao , Yokoya Takuro , Kang Liqun , Marlow Sushila , Su Xinlian , Gong Manxi , Yan Jay , Ren Yifei , Wang Zhipeng , Guan Xuze , Liu Longxiang , Yao Zhangyi , Keenan Luke , Hiroyuki Asakura , Wang Feng Ryan
Published: April 2024

The Mars-van Krevelen mechanism (MvK) is a widely recognized model for describing the role of lattice oxygen in catalysis. Following the MvK mechanism, the formation and conversion of surface oxygen vacancy (VO) are considered as the key steps. CeO2-ZrO2 (CZ) mixed oxides are the typical catalyst support in MvK mechanism. They have the unique property of hosting remarkable amount of VO without significant change in lattice structure, offering O storage and release capability that maintains the required concentration of active O on the catalytic surface. In this regard, the rate of VO formation and conversion directly affect their catalytic performance. In this work, we obtained the VO formation and conversion kinetics by measuring the rate of the Ce4+ reduction and oxidation via operando energy dispersive Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EDE). The main conclusions are: 1) VO formation is 10 times faster than VO conversion; 2) VO formation rates are comparable with the CO oxidation rates, thereby serving as the rate-determining step in CO oxidation; 3) Pd and Cu serve as catalysts for VO formation by significantly improving its rate by 50 times at 250 C by weakening the metal-O bonding strength, whereas the activation energy have been reduced to 58.4 kJ/mol and 36.5 kJ/mol, respectively. Our method in measuring and analysing partial reaction rates within a turnover is therefore important for all chemical reactions.
Isolating an Inner-Sphere Adduct of [RuIV(=O)(terpy)(bpy)]2+ and [CeIV(OH)(NO3)5]2− with the Oxo Bonded to the CeIV Center
Authors: Aimoto Yutaro , Parent Alexander , Yamauchi Kosei , Sakai Ken
Published: April 2024

Water oxidation is a key to achieve sustainable energy cycles, for which higher-valent metal-oxo species often play a key role to accelerate the rate-limiting O-O bond formation. The present study undertook efforts to clarify one of the steps postulated for the water oxidation (WO) catalyzed by [Ru(II)(terpy)(bpy)(OH2)]2+ (terpy = 2,2':6',6''-terpyridine, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine). This study focuses on the inner-sphere electron transfer for the Ce(IV)-driven oxidation of the Ru(IV)=O species into the Ru(V)=O species. The approach to this step became possible by inventing a feasible method to isolate an air-stable Ru(IV)=O powder sample in this work. Importantly, by mixing the thus-obtained Ru(IV)=O sample with CAN (cerium ammonium nitrate), the inner-sphere adduct [Ru(IV)(=O)(terpy)(bpy)][Ce(IV)(NO3)5(OH)] was successfully isolated. The IR spectrum of the isolated adduct exhibits a strong band at 774 cm-1 attributable to the Ru(IV)=O-Ce(IV) stretching vibration, proving the covalent bonding of the oxo to the Ce(IV) center. Furthermore, the absorption spectrum of this greenish black powder shows a broad absorption band at 600 nm, suggesting a charge transfer transition from the π* orbital of the Ru(IV)=O to the 4f orbital of Ce(IV), as supported by TD-DFT calculations. The addition of one equivalent CAN to the Ru(IV)=O solution induces the spectral change due to formation of the 1:1 adduct identical to the isolated adduct. Our study for the first time provides a clue to the formation of an inner-sphere adduct having a Ru(IV)=O-Ce(IV) core in the Ce(IV)-driven WO catalysis.
Assessing the accuracy and efficiency of free energy differences obtained from reweighted flow-based probabilistic generative models
Authors: Olehnovics Edgar , Liu Yifei Michelle , Mehio Nada , Sheikh Ahmad Y , Shirts Michael , Salvalaglio Matteo
Published: April 2024

Computing free energy differences between metastable states characterized by non-overlapping Boltzmann distributions is often a computationally intensive endeavour, usually requiring chains of intermediate states to connect these metastable states. Targeted free energy perturbation (TFEP) can significantly lower the computational cost of FEP calculations by choosing a set of invertible maps used to directly transform the distributions of interest, achieving the necessary statistically significant overlaps without sampling any intermediate states. Probabilistic generative models (PGMs) based on normalising-flow architectures can make it much easier via machine learning to train invertible maps needed for TFEP. However, the accuracy and applicability of approaches based on empirically learned maps depend crucially on the choice of reweighting method adopted to estimate the free energy differences. In this work, we assess the accuracy, rate of convergence, and data efficiency of different free energy estimators, including exponential averaging, BAR, and MBAR, in reweighting PGMs trained by maximum likelihood on limited amounts of molecular dynamics data sampled only from end-states of interest. We carry out the comparisons on a set of simple but representative case studies, including conformational ensembles of alanine dipeptide and ibuprofen. Our results indicate that BAR and MBAR are both data efficient and robust, even in the presence of significant model overfitting in the generation of invertible maps. This analysis can serve as a stepping stone for the deployment of efficient and quantitatively accurate ML-based FE calculation methods in complex systems.
THE EFFECTS OF LOYALTY CARD ACQUISITION AS A TOOL ON THE MARKETING STRATEGY OF BUSINESS ENTERPRISES IN LAGUNA: IMPROVED CUSTOMER RELATION MANAGEMENT
Authors: I. Maghirang Carolyn , C. Jito Benilda
Published: April 2024

This study is to determine the effect of loyalty card acquisition as a tool on the marketing strategy of business enterprises in Laguna on improved customer relationship management. The appropriate customer relation management of using loyalty cards by the loyalty customer can guarantee to have an effect on marketing strategy to increase the profit of business enterprises for future use. Descriptive research is to determine the customer relationship management between the holders of medical and retail loyalty cards, as well as the impact of card acquisition as a tool on the marketing strategy of commercial companies in Laguna, are the main goals of this research. The research instruments to gather facts and information include customer interviews, group discussions with the selected customer using the loyalty card, review of documents, and observation. As a result, a lot of people acquired this card because it can be used in many establishments to get discounts and points earned. Customer loves discounts because it can decrease the original price of the product. Giving them discounts is one of many ways to earn your customer loyalty. Thus, the customers are satisfied by having a loyalty card because it can give discounts every time they buy. In order for clients to use loyalty cards properly and efficiently, the study advises business owners to market them to them. The researcher advises students majoring in marketing to utilize this strategy as their preference if they are starting their own company.
FACTORS AFFECTING SUSTAINABLE E-COMMERCE ADOPTION: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM BANGLADESHI SMES
Authors: Hasan Emon Md. Mehedi , Hoque Nahid Mehzabul
Published: April 2024

This paper aims to examine the technology-organization-environment (TOE) predictors of Sustainable E-commerce technology adoption in SMEs of Bangladesh. The study developed a conceptual framework based on the integration of technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework. 156 quantitative survey data were collected from engaging employees from different SMEs from different parts of Bangladesh. SPSS was used in descriptive statistics, Correlation, regression and structural equation modeling approach to test and analyze the data. This study found that Perceived Relative Advantage, Compatibility, Management Support, Resource Commitment, Regulatory Forces, Competitive Forces and Economic Performance in SMEs had a positive influence on the adoption of e-commerce technologies such as responsive website, e-CRM modules, e-payment, mobile app etc. All seven hypothesized relationships were supported be the study. In the context of an emerging economy, the results can be useful for practitioners and decision-makers because they will help them justify their adoption decisions and effectively contribute to strategies for sustainability.
Pengaruh lingkungan kerja dan budaya kerja terhadap produktivitas pegawai melalui motivasi kerja sebagai variabel intervening
Authors: Barri Fatkhi , Harahap Pahlawansjah , Santoso Djoko
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya sebuah permasalahan yang sedang dialami oleh Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Dimana permasalahan yang terjadi adalah karena kurang tersedianya bandwidth di lokasi-lokasi terpencil dan juga jaringan LAN peralatan pendukung Insfratruktur OPD Prov. Jateng masih belum semua sesuai dengan standar. Selain itu juga masih banyak OPD yang masih menyewa Bandwidth. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh lingkungan kerja dan budaya organisasi terhadap produktivitas melalui motivasi kerja sebagai variabel intervening. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 158 responden. Dengan menggunakan metode simple random sampling dengan memberikan kuota pada masing-masing divisi. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat analisis path analysis. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa lingkungan kerja dan budaya organisasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap motivasi kerja. Lingkungan kerja, budaya organisasi dan motivasi kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap produktivitas.

This research is motivated by a problem experienced by the Department of Communication and Informatics of Central Java Province. The problem arises due to the limited availability of bandwidth in remote locations and also the LAN network of supporting infrastructure for Provincial OPDs (Regional Apparatus Organizations) in Central Java which still do not meet all the standards. Additionally, many OPDs still rent bandwidth. The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of the work environment and organizational culture on productivity through work motivation as an intervening variable. The research sample consisted of 158 respondents. The simple random sampling method was used, with quotas given to each division. This research utilized path analysis as the analytical tool. The results of the research indicate that the work environment and organizational culture have a positive and significant effect on work motivation. The work environment, organizational culture, and work motivation have a positive and significant effect on productivity.
Pengaruh konten buzzer terhadap keputusan pembelian melalui keterlibatan konsumen
Authors: Putri Christina Ari Pramono , Nugraha Albert Kriestian Novi Adhi , Purwati Yenny
Published: April 2024

Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menginvestigasi dampak langsung dari konten viral yang dibuat oleh buzzer @kuliner_salatiga terhadap keputusan pembelian produk kuliner UMKM dan dampak tidak langsung melalui interaksi konsumen. Kebaruan dari penelitian ini adalah model hubungan antara viral konten oleh buzzer terhadap keputusan pembelian dan hasil penelitian ini dapat diaplikasikan di organisasi maupun daerah lainnya. Untuk mendapatkan bukti empiris, 201 responden mengisi kuesioner online dan data dianalisis menggunakan Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konten viral buzzer @kuliner_salatiga berpengaruh langsung terhadap keputusan pembelian. Selain itu, peran keterlibatan konsumen secara parsial memediasi hubungan antara konten viral buzzer dan keputusan pembelian konsumen. Temuan ini menawarkan wawasan yang berguna dalam mendorong penggunaan konten buzzer untuk pemasaran bisnis kuliner, dan pentingnya keterlibatan buzzer dengan pengguna sehingga dapat mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian konsumen.

The primary objective of this research is to investigate the direct impact of viral content created by the @kuliner_salatiga Buzzer on the purchasing decisions of culinary MSME products and the indirect impact through consumer interactions. The novelty of this study lies in the model of the relationship between viral content by Buzzer and purchasing decisions, which can be applied in other organizations or regions. To obtain empirical evidence, 201 respondents completed an online questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The research findings indicate that viral content by the @kuliner_salatiga Buzzer has a direct influence on purchasing decisions. Additionally, consumer involvement partially mediates the relationship between Buzzer's viral content and consumer purchasing decisions. These findings offer valuable insights into encouraging the use of Buzzer content for culinary business marketing and the importance of Buzzer engagement with users to influence consumer purchasing decisions.
Antioxidant activity of jambu bol [Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. and Perry]
leaf extract
Authors: Al-Zabt A.M. , Hamad H.J. , Pak-Dek M.S. , Ramli N.S. , Rukayadi Y.
Published: April 2024

Jambu bol [Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. and Perry] is well known to be used in folk
medicine and reports are proving the biological activity of each part of this plant. This
study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of S. malaccense L. leaf extract. The
methods used in this study were total phenolic content (TPC) assay, 2,2-Diphenyl-1-
picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)
(ABTS•) radical scavenging activity assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)
assay. The results showed that the extract contained TPC of 44.10±0.06 mg GAE/g. The
IC50 scavenging activities of DPPH and ABTS• were 0.0334 mg of Ascorbic acid E/g and
0.1352 mg of TE/g, respectively, while the antioxidant reducing power was 1013.50±0.07
mM Fe2+ /
g. In conclusion, S. malaccense L. leaf extract was found to possess antioxidant
activity, and this extract has potential to be developed to be used in food as a natural
antioxidant agent.
Effect of glucomannan and sugar concentration for physicochemical and
organoleptic characteristics of dragon fruit skin slice jam
Authors: Lo D. , Sekeh V.G.D.
Published: April 2024

The high consumption of dragon fruit causes a high amount of dragon fruit skin waste
produced that still has benefits and nutritional value. Amorphophallus oncophyllus contain
high glucomannan. Glucomannan as a hydrocolloid has gelling agent properties. Water in
food can also be reduced in the presence of sugar which has hygroscopic properties. The
purpose of this research is to describe effect of glucomannan and sugar concentration for
physicochemical and organoleptic dragon fruit skin slice jam. The treatments are
glucomannan (1%, 1.5%, 2%), sugar (10%, 15%, 20%), and single control (glucomannan
1% with sugar 0%). Samples were analyzed by color, water activity, syneresis, total solid
soluble (TSS), texture, and hedonic test. The result showed that the addition of
glucomannan and sugar significantly affect decrease of water activity, syneresis and
increase TSS and texture. Based on overall hedonic test, panelist preferred 1%
glucomannan with 15% sugar formulation.
New Zealand Renaissance: Romantic and Modernist Origins of a Cultural Nationalism, 1930–1960
Authors:   , Moore-Jones Michael
Published: April 2024

Although much has been written about New Zealand’s cultural nationalism, rarely have scholars sought to understand why a cultural nationalism occurred at all. Taking up the origins of New Zealand’s cultural nationalism as its central question, this thesis explores the ways that ideas of nationalism formed and spread in the minds of New Zealand’s artists and writers. It finds that nationalism formed often unwittingly, through the search for a modernism that sought to restore the human spirit after the simultaneous devastations of war and secularisation. Key cultural figures in New Zealand looked backwards—to the Romantic era, to the American Renaissance, and to the English Musical Renaissance—in order to assert spiritual connections between the nation and the natural world. The Romantic Modernism these figures enacted led to the incidental assertion of national identity in New Zealand, as it did elsewhere.

Broadly chronological, the thesis begins by reconsidering the supposed break between New Zealand’s two eras of cultural nationalism, one in the late nineteenth century—the so-called “Maoriland” nationalism—and the other between 1930 and 1960. It ends in the 1950s as Colin McCahon and James K. Baxter sought to spiritualise the New Zealand landscape by drawing on preexisting romantic habits of mind. In-between, the thesis considers how various New Zealand “nationalist” figures—J. C. Beaglehole, E. H. McCormick, Douglas Lilburn, Rita Angus, Leo Bensemann, Frances Hodgkins and Charles Brasch—participated in a burgeoning resistance to metropolitan modernism’s uniformity and de-spiritualisation. Many of these figures were educated in England into a Romantic Modernism, through which they learned to see their cultural aims in moral and spiritual–religious terms: as guiding a public towards a more honest and unmediated relationship with people and the natural world. This alternative genealogy of New Zealand’s cultural nationalism suggests new ways of reading the period, and of connecting Pākeha New Zealand’s 1930–1960 search for national identity to similar searches elsewhere.
Diksi, Gaya Bahasa, dan Citraan dalam Cerkak Pacarku Aneh Karya Lina Maisaroh (Kajian Stilistika)
Authors: Farazila Nurya
Published: April 2024

This study discusses diction, language style, and imagery in a story entitled “Pacarku Aneh” by Lina Maisaroh. The theory used is a stylistic study. The purpose of this study is to: describe the diction, style, and imagery contained in the cerkak. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method, with the analysis technique carried out as reading and understanding the contents of the ingenuity. The research data is in the form of a short text sourced from the kompasiana web published in 2021 with the theme of love. The data collection technique used is a reading and recording technique. Data analysis techniques use interactive descriptive techniques that include data reduction, data classification, and conclusion. The result of this study is in a story entitled My Strange Boyfriend by Lina Maisaroh using denotative diction, connotative diction, auditory imagery, visual imagery, motion imagery, allegory language style, and affirmative language style.
Равновесная молекулярная структура 3-циано-4-амино-1,2,5-оксадиазол-2-оксида в газовой фазе
Authors: Лобанов Н.В. , Рыков А.Н. , Степанова А.В. , Ларин А.А. , Ферштат Л.Л. , Шишков И.Ф.
Published: April 2024

Впервые с помощью метода газовой электронографии (ГЭ) и квантово-химических расчётов исследована структура молекулы 3-циано-4-амино-1,2,5-оксадиазол-2-оксида (3-циано-4-аминофуроксана, ЦАФО) в газовой фазе и найдены равновесные параметры исследуемой молекулы. Проведено сравнение полученных данных с таковыми у родственных соединений, исследованных с помощью газовой электронографии и рентгеноструктурного анализа. Продемонстрировано, что наилучшее согласие с экспериментом получено на уровне теории B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ. Полученная информация о молекулярном строении свободного ЦАФО будет полезной для структурных исследований соединений, содержащих фуроксановые фрагменты.
Exploring Influencing Factors on Capital Adequacy in Commercial Banks
Authors: Tran Tu Ngoc
Published: April 2024

This study estimates the effect of macroeconomic and control factors on the capital adequacy ratio of commercial banks in Vietnam. Using the feasible generalized least squares method (FGLS), the following factors are statistically significant in affecting the capital adequacy ratio: national governance quality, economic growth, COVID-19, bank size, liquidity, and leverage. This study also highlights the role of compliance in maintaining capital adequacy during a global crisis, such as the COVID-19 outbreak, because commercial banks need more capital to absorb shocks in the financial instability period caused by the pandemic. Besides, the author emphasizes that in developing countries, especially Vietnam, the government needs to ensure national governance quality, such as political stability and regulatory quality, to increase additional capital buffers to protect them from losses or bankruptcies. Furthermore, the author conducts robustness tests to enhance the reliability and impartiality of the research findings. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-010 Full Text: PDF
Down-streaming Small-Scale Green Ammonia to Nitrogen-Phosphorus Fertilizer Tablets for Rural Communities
Authors: Koestoer Raldi H. , Ligayanti Tri , Kartohardjono Sutrasno , Susanto Harris
Published: April 2024

This study aims to evaluate the growth and production of sweet corn plants in response to the application of commercial NPK fertilizer and various doses of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer tablets. From early October 2022 to late January 2023, research was conducted at Research and Development Luas Birus Utama to produce nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer tablets and at Research and Development Syngenta Indonesia Cikampek Station, Karawang, to perform a semi-field analysis. A factorial randomized block design with two treatment factors was employed in this study. The first factor was five types of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer tablets, namely, A (0% nitrogen and 6.3% phosphorus), B (0.81% nitrogen and 6.3% phosphorus), C (1.57% nitrogen and 6.1% phosphorus), D (2.33% nitrogen and 6.2% phosphorus), and E (3.06% nitrogen and 6.2% phosphorus). The second factor was F (standard nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium). The results revealed that applying different dosages of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer tablets in combination with potassium chloride fertilizer yielded no different effect on the growth, biomass, and yield components of sweet corn plants when compared to applying NPK fertilizer. A comparison between the soil test results before and after application revealed that the formulation of fertilizers in tablet form helps plants to effectively absorb the required nutrients. It is currently possible to develop small-scale or microscale green ammonia production technology to fulfill the fertilizer requirements of rural communities because of its low cost, low carbon emissions, and low renewable energy consumption. The scarcity of fertilizer supplies endangers Indonesia’s food sustainability. Nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer tablet production technology can be used in areas with a scarcity of inorganic fertilizers but with the potential for low-grade phosphate mines using commercial ammonia solutions. Thus, understanding how to produce nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer tablets from ammonia solution will aid in the acceptance of microscale green ammonia production technology. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-016 Full Text: PDF
Prioritizing Critical Success Factors for Reverse Logistics as a Source of Competitive Advantage
Authors: Makaleng Mpho Sharon
Published: April 2024

Reverse logistics has received a lot of attention due to the negative impact it has on the environment and the growing demand for green products. This especially occurred in the fast-moving consumer goods retail sector due to recalls and waste management. This sector significantly contributes to the gross domestic product growth of all countries. This has therefore led to the growing significance of reverse logistics since the fast-moving consumer goods retail sector cannot avoid reverse logistics. The primary objective of this study was for fast-moving consumer goods retailers to prioritize critical success factors for reverse logistics as a source of competitive advantage in the fast-moving consumer goods retailers’ sector. This is because it is essential for the fast-moving consumer goods retail sector to implement critical success factors in reverse logistics that can lead to firm competitiveness. The study employed a positivist research philosophy, where data were collected from 418 fast-moving consumer goods retailers and consumers via SurveyMonkey using two close-ended questionnaires. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and the Analysis of Moment Structures software version 27 were employed to analyze the data. The results offer insight into the critical success factors in reverse logistics that should be carried out to achieve firm competitiveness. Through the implementation of critical success factors, this sector will achieve several goals, such as meeting environmental protocols, decreasing operational costs, cultivating the cumulative value of the brand, and improving customer satisfaction. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-018 Full Text: PDF
Improved Fingerprint-Based Localization Based on Sequential Hybridization of Clustering Algorithms
Authors: Yaro Abdulmalik Shehu , Maly Filip , Prazak Pavel , Malý Karel
Published: April 2024

The localization accuracy of a fingerprint-based localization system is dependent on several factors, one of which is the accuracy and efficiency at which the fingerprint database is clustered. Most highly efficient and accurate clustering algorithms have high time-dependent computational complexity (CC), which tends to limit their practical applicability. A technique that has yet to be explored is the sequential hybridization of multiple low-time CC clustering algorithms to produce a single moderate-time CC clustering algorithm with high localization accuracy. As a result, this paper proposes a clustering algorithm with a moderate time CC that is based on the sequential hybridization of the closest access point (CAP) and improved k-means clustering algorithms. The performance of the proposed sequential hybrid clustering algorithm is determined and compared to the modified affinity propagation clustering (m-APC), fuzzy c-mean (FCM), and 2-CAP algorithms presented in earlier research works using four experimentally generated and publicly available fingerprint databases. The performance metrics considered for the comparisons are the position root mean square error (RMSE) and clustering time based on big O notation. The simulation results show that the proposed sequential hybrid clustering algorithm has improved localization accuracy with position RMSEs of about 54%, 77%, and 52%, respectively, higher than those of the m-APC, FCM, and 2-CAP algorithms. In terms of clustering time, it is 99% and 79% faster than the m-APC and FCM algorithms, respectively, but 90% slower than the 2-CAP algorithm. The results have shown that it is possible to develop a clustering algorithm that has a moderate clustering time with very high localization accuracy through sequential hybridization of multiple clustering algorithms that have a low clustering time with poor localization accuracy. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-02 Full Text: PDF
Monitoring Agricultural Land Loss by Analyzing Changes in Land Use and Land Cover
Authors: Worachairungreung Morakot , Kulpanich Nayot , Thanakunwutthirot Kunyaphat , Hemwan Phonpat
Published: April 2024

The agricultural sector's output holds paramount significance for the global population, serving as an indispensable resource for survival and consumption. Consequently, alterations in agricultural landscapes bear substantial implications for the world's food supply. The objectives of this research are to investigate the depletion of agricultural land, with a specific focus on Samut Songkhram Province—an agriculturally prominent region in Thailand renowned for supplying seafood and fruits to Bangkok. By employing advanced remote sensing and change detection methods and incorporating indices like NDVI, NDWI, and NDBI, the study meticulously analyzed land-use changes. The outcomes were rigorously scrutinized through supervised classification, validated by on-site inspections, and corroborated with data from pertinent agencies. Findings revealed that Samut Songkhram had sustained its prominence in agricultural land, constituting around 70% of the province's total area over the past two decades. However, this expanse has undergone persistent transformation during the last 20 years. Notably, the most substantial surge was observed in the conversion of agricultural land to urban and developed areas, particularly in the urban zones of Amphawa District, followed by Mueang Samut Songkhram and Bang Khonthi districts. This investigation illuminates a consistent downward trend in agricultural land, a vital source of sustenance for Thailand's population and the global community. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-020 Full Text: PDF
Synthesis and Characterization of Hybridfiber from Gelatin Modified by PVACOS Using Coaxial Electrospinning Techniques as an Advanced Medical Textile Material
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Sarto Sarto , Fahrurrozi Moh. , Budhijanto Budhijanto
Published: April 2024

The synthesis of hybrid fiber based on bovine bone gelatin combined with polyvinyl alcohol-chitosan-oxidized sucrose (PVACOS) has been successfully carried out using the coaxial electrospinning technique. The presence of oxidized sucrose can improve the diameter and the tensile strength of hybrid fibers due to the formation of new covalent bonds. The combination of gelatin with PVACOS material aims to increase the strength of the hybrid fiber so that it has better tensile strength characteristics and improves the diameter of the resulting hybrid fiber. The characterization of the resulting material was tested using FTIR, SEM, EDX, XRD, and TGA. Based on FTIR analysis, there is an increase in absorption intensity in the 2900 cm-1 – 3000 cm-1 band, which indicates the occurrence of covalent bond interactions so that it can increase the bond strength between materials with the performance of crystalline materials. Apart from that, the morphological structure of the hybrid fibers was also investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the resulting fiber diameter for Ge-Ch, Ge-Ch-PVA, Ge-PVACOS 3%, and Ge-PVACOS 5%, respectively, was 0.4049 µm. 0.3735 µm, 0.3388 µm, and 0.3206 µm. The tensile strengths of hybrid fiber for Ge-PVACOS 3% and Ge-PVACOS 5%, respectively, are 39.91935 N/m2 and 76.12507 N/m2. Statistical tests show that the concentration of oxidized sucrose has a significant influence on hybrid fiber performance. The significance values for diameter and tensile strength are 0.0486 and 0.0325, respectively. According to this performance, the Ge-PVACOS hybrid fiber is recommended as a material for advanced medical textiles. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-022 Full Text: PDF
System Parameters Sensitivity Analysis of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
Authors: Rasgianti . , Adiputra Ristiyanto , Nugraha Ariyana D. , Sitanggang Ruly B. , Pandoe Wahyu W. , Aprijanto . , Yasunaga Takeshi , Santosa Muhammad A.
Published: April 2024

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is a technology to harvest the solar energy stored in the ocean by utilizing the temperature difference between warm surface and cold deep seawater. Considering that the OTEC system works in a low-temperature range, the present paper assessed the technical resources comprehensively by acquiring in-situ thermocline data and conducting a sensitivity analysis of the system parameters. The in-situ temperature profile data were measured in the waters of North Bali, Indonesia. The temperature gradient data based on field measurements were then compared with the HYCOM consortium model. The data were then used as input in the OTEC power and efficiency estimation through a single-stage ranking cycle. The analysis was conducted by varying the type of working fluid, the performance of the heat exchanger, and the location to investigate how the system parameters influenced the power produced. Using an unusual combination of parameters made it difficult to analyze the resulting data multiple times. However, with reference-based analysis and the formulation of calculations, the sensitivity of each parameter could be assessed at both locations. As a result, the ammonia working fluid provided the highest net power output of the system but had the lowest efficiency of all working fluids. The heat exchanger performance in terms of net power and efficiency cannot be separated from the seawater mass flow requirement. This referred to the results where the heat exchanger with a temperature difference of 3°C before and after the seawater passed through the heat exchanger and produced the highest net power and efficiency. Additionally, the net power output reached its convergence level at a water depth of 400m for the Bungkulan site and 450m for Celukan Bawang, which was proportional to the thermocline tendency. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-04 Full Text: PDF
Asymmetric Role of Economic Growth, Globalization, Green Growth, and Renewable Energy in Achieving Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Tran Hung Van
Published: April 2024

This study fills the gap in the literature by applying novel quantile regression and spectral Granger causality frameworks to evaluate the asymmetric effect of GDP, globalization, green growth, and renewable energy consumption on CO2 emissions in India. The results suggest that in all quantiles, green growth, globalization, and renewable energy consumption impact environmental quality negatively, and the effect of economic growth on CO2 emissions is positive in most of the quantiles. In addition, the nexus between the regressors and CO2 emissions is significant across different time horizons. More specifically, the results from the spectral Granger causality test unveil that all the indicators would predict CO2emissions across various time scales. Several policy implications have been proposed based on the research’s findings so that India might move toward achieving sustainable development. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-05 Full Text: PDF
Crop Detection and Maturity Classification Using a YOLOv5-Based Image Analysis
Authors: Moya Viviana , Quito Angélica , Pilco Andrea , Vásconez Juan P. , Vargas Christian
Published: April 2024

In recent years, the accurate identification of chili maturity stages has become essential for optimizing cultivation processes. Conventional methodologies, primarily reliant on manual assessments or rudimentary detection systems, often fall short of reflecting the plant’s natural environment, leading to inefficiencies and prolonged harvest periods. Such methods may be imprecise and time-consuming. With the rise of computer vision and pattern recognition technologies, new opportunities in image recognition have emerged, offering solutions to these challenges. This research proposes an affordable solution for object detection and classification, specifically through version 5 of the You Only Look Once (YOLOv5) model, to determine the location and maturity state of rocoto chili peppers cultivated in Ecuador. To enhance the model’s efficacy, we introduce a novel dataset comprising images of chili peppers in their authentic states, spanning both immature and mature stages, all while preserving their natural settings and potential environmental impediments. This methodology ensures that the dataset closely replicates real-world conditions encountered by a detection system. Upon testing the model with this dataset, it achieved an accuracy of 99.99% for the classification task and an 84% accuracy rate for the detection of the crops. These promising outcomes highlight the model’s potential, indicating a game-changing technique for chili small-scale farmers, especially in Ecuador, with prospects for broader applications in agriculture. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-08 Full Text: PDF
A Study on the Activities and Trends of Individuals Involved in the First Round of the Gando Communist Party Incident
Authors:   The Association for Korean Modern & Contemporary History, CHOI Byung-do
Published: April 2024

At the time of the First Round of the Gando Communist Party Incident, the majority of the individuals involved were in their 20s to 30s, with a significant number hailing from Hamgyeong Province. They received education on the Korean Peninsula and in Gando, and some had studied abroad in China, Russia, and Japan. Many of these individuals engaged in various social activities while working in the fields of education and media. Some of them also made efforts to stabilize the Korean community following The Gando Massacre.
Those involved in this incident had been actively engaged in the independence movement since the March 1st Movement. They participated in the March 1st Movement on the Korean Peninsula and in Gando, and subsequently joined various organizations of National Movement and Socialist Movement, leading the independence movement in the early 1920s through activities such as independence movement fund-raising, anti-Japan armed struggle, and socialist movement both within and outside the Korean Peninsula.
From immediately after the First Round of the Gando Communist Party Incident until liberation, they continued their independence movement in various ways. Some of them died while enduring hardships in prison, and some also persisted in their struggle even while incarcerated.
Independence activists involved in the incident participated in the formation of Dongmanguyeokguk, a subordinate organization of the Korean Communist, and actively engaged in the organizational activities of the National United Party based on the National Cooperation Front. In other words, Dongmanguyeokguk was not only an integrated organization for various socialist groups but also a group with the character of the National United Party in the Dongman area, involving independence activists engaged in the national movement.
Measurement Of Electrical Parameters On Iot-Based Main Generators For Safe Operational Feasibility
Authors: Prastyo Herru , Budijanto Arief , Winardi Slamet
Published: April 2024

The generator is the main source of electricity on the ship which will power all activities on the ship. With an electricity source supplied by a generator, human work will become lighter because of the help of electrical energy. In order for the generator to work well, it requires maintenance and must always be well controlled, so that the parameters produced by the generator must always be maintained by monitoring these parameters automatically using the ESP32 microcontroller. The parameters measured are current, voltage, power, frequency, work factor, KWh, RPM, temperature and vibration. By measuring the magnitude of these parameters, they can later be used as variables for maintenance and repair of the generator. The sensor used to measure the electrical parameters is the PZEM004t module because it can measure all generator electrical quantities, while temperature uses the DS18B20 sensor and vibration uses the SW420 sensor module. Then to measure the RPM using a potentiometer. The measurement results are displayed on a smartphone screen on the bridge using Internet of Things (IoT) technology sent from the engine room.
The role of abnormal vaginal microbiocenosis in increasing the risk of adverse reproductive outcome
Authors: Megrabyan A. , Ignatko I. , Yakubova D. , Baibulatova Sh.
Published: April 2024

Objective. To study vaginal microbiocenosis in pregnant women with poor perinatal outcome to determine the relationship between different types of perinatal infections and stillbirths. Subjects and methods. A retrospective study was conducted in 154 pregnant women divided into groups: a study group of 114 patients with antenatal fetal death at 22 weeks’ gestation; a control group of 40 patients with physiological pregnancy at the same time. Results. The patients in both groups were found to have statistically significant abnormal vaginal flora: coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (41.2%), Enterococcus faecalis (29.4%), Escherichia coli (44.1%), Staphylococcus aureus (11.1%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.9%), and Candida albicans (28.8%). At the same time, these abnormalities statistically significantly more commonly occurred in the study group. Conclusion. Of great importance is the determination of vaginal opportunistic pathogens in the prevention of adverse perinatal outcomes.
Antimicrobial of Ethanolic Extract from Marpuyan Stem Bark (Rhodamnia cinerea Jack)
Authors: Nasution Musyirna Rahmah , Cahyani Ardhia Regita , Aqilla Alya , Fitri Valentina , Triani Leni
Published: April 2024

The Bark of Marpuyan Tree (Rhodamnia cinerea Jack) is a plant that has been empirically used by communities in Indonesia for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by bacteria and fungi. The bark of Marpuyan contains flavonoids, phenolics, and saponins. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal activities of the ethanol extract of the bark of Marpuyan using the disc diffusion method at various extract concentrations, namely 30%, 25%, 15%, 10%, and 5%. The results of the antibacterial activity test against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Bacillus subtilis) showed inhibitory zones with respective diameters of 11.67±0.21 mm, 12.29±0.43 mm, and 12.78±0.14 mm. These results indicate weak antibacterial activity. In the antibacterial activity test against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi), inhibitory zones were found with respective diameters of 13.05±0.05 mm, 12.58±1.78 mm, and 10.98±0.21 mm. These results also indicate weak antibacterial activity. However, in the antifungal activity test, no activity was found against Candida albicans and Malassezia furfur. Nevertheless, the ethanol extract of Marpuyan bark showed moderate antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes, with an inhibitory zone diameter of 15.44±2.02 mm.
Study of inorganic based anti-blocks as migration control of slip additive on surface polyethylene monolayer film
Authors: Agustina Laily Aulia , Lestari Yeni Dwi , Adhinanda Arrival Arsyad , Ariesta Muhammad Naufal , Choi Jonghyun , Prananto Yuniar Ponco , Febriani Rakhma
Published: April 2024

Slip migration must be controlled to maintain the performance and quality of flexible packaging. Inorganic based anti-block materials can be used to control the slip migration. This paper reported the effect of anti-block type on the inhibition of slip migration on polyethylene monolayer film. A series of formulations were made with three different anti-block additives, namely talc, natural silica, and synthetic silica, along with erucamide. The optical properties (haze) and friction properties (COF) were measured to assess the film characteristics as the development of slip migration in the presence of anti-block additives. Characterization of the anti-block material was conducted by SEM-EDX, slip additive type was examined by GC-MS,  while the slip content on the surface was analysed by FTIR. The result showed that after seven days, synthetic silica anti-block gives COF up to 0.095, with the trace erucamide content on the film surface of 394 ppm, the lowest amongst other types of the anti-block used. The smaller particle size and higher silica content on synthetic silica anti-block resulted in better friction properties which act as a good barrier to limit a migration of erucamide onto the film surface.