bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE LOCALIZATION OF ANTI‐HEART ANTIBODIES TO HEART TISSUE IN RATS AND RABBITS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE INDUCTION OF GRANULOMA OF ASCHOFF BODY TYPE
Authors: Tomioka Hisao
Published: January 2009

Granulomatous cardiac lesion of Aschoff body type was produced in rabbits which had been hyperimmunized with duck γ‐globulin followed by an injection of anti‐rabbit‐heart duck antibody. Normal rabbits injected with the same anti‐heart antibody did not show any tissue damage. The localization of anti‐heart antibody was studied by fluorescent antibody technique: In hyperimmunized rabbits myocardial and sarcolemmal localization of duck γ‐globulin was detected, whereas no heart localization of duck γ‐globulin was found in normal rabbit. These results indicate that the permeability change of blood vessels is essential to provide the direct reaction of anti‐heart antibody and heart tissue.

Similar studies were performed in rats using rabbit anti‐rat‐heart antibody with comparable results.

Although quantitative methods to assay anti‐heart antibody in vitro and in vivo were developed by using radioactive antibody, the quantitative relationship between antibody amount and tissue lesion could not be established.
PHOSPHOLIPID FATTY LIVER: A PROPOSAL OF A NEW CONCEPT AND ITS ELECTRON MICROSCOPICAL STUDY
Authors: Shikata Toshi , Oda Toshitsugu , Naito Chikayuki , Kanetaka Tatsuji , Suzuki Hiroshi
Published: January 2009

A new type of fatty liver, in which a large amount of phospholipids deposited in the liver parenchymal cells, is presented. Electron microscopically, numerous myelin figures filled up the cytoplasm of the enlarged liver parenchymal cells. They showed a typical concentric lamellar structure and existed singly or gathered together in the cytoplasm. Sometimes they were limited by a single membrane. This new type of fatty liver was found in the patient with markedly enlarged liver and probably with some chronic inflammation. Morphogenesis of these myelin figures and causal relationship to chronic infiammation were discussed, and a new concept as phospholipid fatty liver was proposed.
CELLULAR SITES OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS
Authors: Chen Shih‐Tse
Published: January 2009

The distributions of three kinds of immunoglobulin polypeptide chains, Λ, k and γ were determined in 14 speciment of human lymphoid tissue, 8 spleens and 11 mesenteric lymph nodes, obtained during abdominal operations or at autopsy within 4 hours of death. All of the materials were fixed in 95% cold ethyl alcohol and paraffin sections were prepared. None of the patients had paraproteinemia or blood disease. Fluorescent antibody technique staining with pairs of immunofluorescent reagents, which reacted specifically with k‐, λ‐, and γ‐chains and were labeled with contrasting fluorochromes, were employed. The relative numbers of these cells in tissue sections were calculated.

The approximate percentages of k‐ and Λ‐containing cells, 61% and 38% were in accord with the ratio of these types of immunoglobulin in normal serum2–3:l. The percentage of k‐ and Λ‐chain containing cells in IgG globulin and in other immunoglobulins was about 62% and 38%, respectively.

Approximately half of all fluorescent immunocytes produced IgG globulin in the lymphoid tissues of spleens and lymph nodes.

Immunoglobulin containing cells with k‐, Λ‐and γ‐chains did not differ significantly in size or pattern. They could be plasma cells, medium sized to large lymphocytes or lymphoid plasma cells, and were primarily found in the red pulp of the spleen and medulla of lymph nodes. Single immunocytes and germinal centers did not synthesize both k‐ and Λ‐light chains at the same time.
DISTRIBUTION OF VIRAL ANTIGEN IN MOUSE MAMMARY TUMOR CELLS AS REVEALED BY FERRITIN ANTIBODY CONJUGATE TECHNIQUE
Authors: Okano Hiromitsu
Published: January 2009

Rabbit antiserum against purifled type B particles from spontaneous mouse mammary tumor tissue was conjugated with ferritin for immunoelectron microscopy in order to demonstrate a relationship between type A and B particles. Ferritin granules were found deposited on type B particles and on budding A particles; some were also found similarly deposited on the naked cytoplasmic A particles. These observations suggest that type A particles contain material which is common in antigenic property to that contained in type B particles. The flndings may support the view that the naked cytoplasmic A particles are a precursor of B particles.
BLASTIC SCHWANN CELLS IN RENAL TUMOR OF TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS COMPLEX—AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY—*
Authors: Mori Michio , Ikeda Tsuneo , Onoe Tamenori
Published: January 2009

Renal tumor in Bourneville‐Pringle's tuberous sclerosis complex was examined electron microscopically. It was demonstrated that the cells which have been histologically assumed as smooth muscle origin were not myogenic in ultrastructure but quite similar to that of blastic Schwann cells. It seems to support Inglis's previous view that the tuberous sclerosis complex is essentially the result of dissemination of immature Schwann cells throughout the body.
AN AUTOPSY CASE OF NON‐SPECIFIC ULCERATIVE COLITIS ASSOCIATED WITH SIMILAR LESION IN THE STOMACH
Authors: Takamatsu Michio
Published: January 2009

An autopsy case of non‐specific ulcerative colitis and similar ulceration with so‐called polyps of stomach in a 36‐year‐old female is presented. Her clinical course started with sudden bloody and watery stool which was followed by anemia and hypoproteinemia with gangrenous pyoderma. The patient died 7 months after the onset of symptoms. Autopsy revealed diffuse ulceration with pseudopolyposis from the transverse colon to the rectal region and skip lesions in both the cecum and the ascending colon. Furthermore, a shallow ulcer and so‐called polyps with mucosal bridge were noted along the greater curvature of the stomach. Since histopathological findings and clinical history do not suggest that the ulcer formation of the stomach was caused by the effect of corticosteroid, a possible relationship between ulcerative colitis and gastric ulcer was suggested.
A NEW METHOD FOR VITAL STAINING OF CENTRAL NERVOUS TISSUES WITH NEUTRAL RED
Authors: Maeda Ryuei , Ihara Nobuo , Takada Reiko , Kondo Tadashi , Nakano Emyo , Yamato Toshiko
Published: January 2009

A new vital staining method with neutral red has been established where by cerebral ganglion cells can be stained in vivo.
METHYLCHOLANTHRENE‐INDUCED ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMA IN MICE AND RATS: A HISTOLOGICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY*
Authors: Tokuoka Shoii
Published: January 2009

Endometrial carcinoma was induced with a high incidence in various strains of mice and rats, by means of intrauterine application of 3‐methylcholanthrene under continuous estrogen stimulation. And a transplantation study of one of induced adenoacanthomas in A strain mice was successfully carried out.

The endometrium in the early stage of the experiment showed atypical adenomatous hyperplasia that was soon followed by atypical adenomyosis. In the group of ICR mice treated with 0.8 mg of MCA, carcinomatous change was seen in atypical glands of the endometrium after the 14th week of the experiment. Carcinoma invasion and metastasis to visceral organs were found after 19 weeks.

The majority of induced carcinomas of the endometrium were histo‐logically classified as either adenocarcinoma or adenoacanthoma, and only a few were regarded as squamous cell carcinoma. Ultrastructural study demonstrated that the cells in adenocarcinoma reveal poor cellular differentiation, while in adenoacanthoma the cells show better functional differentiation. The squamous cell component in adenoacanthoma is produced by squamous metaplasia of carcinoma cells.

All induced sarcomas of the uterus were of myometrial smooth muscle cell origin, many of which, were accompanied by endometrial adenocarcinoma to be resulted in a form of carcinosarcoma.

In an ICR mouse, sacrificed before uterine tumefaction, many extra‐as well as intracellular fine particles consistent with C‐type tumor viruses were detected in the myometrium.
COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE PREVENTIVE EFFECT OF PYRIDINOLCARBAMATE AND ESTROGEN AGAINST AORTIC AND CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF CHOLESTEROL‐FED RABBITS
Authors: Numano Fujio , Katsu Ken‐ichi , Takenobu Makio , Sagara Atsushi , Shimamoto Takio
Published: January 2009

A histoenzymatic study was carried out to elucidate the anti‐atherosclerotic effect of estrogen and pyridinolcarbamate, which has been supposed to be much related to a permeability inhibiting effect.

Cholesterol feeding of 15 weeks' regimen led the aortae of placebo control group to the condition of a definite reduction of glycolytic, SDH and ATPase activities, a fair reduction of 5'‐N and an increase of esterase, lipase, β‐gl and acid‐Pase activities as compared with those of regular diet group. Atheromatous lesions characterized with an accumulation of foamy cells and necrotic foci exhibited a strong acid‐Pase and β‐gl. activities and a weak reaction of lipase, esterase and glycolytic enzymes.

However, in diethylstilbestrol treated and cholesterol‐fed rabbits, glycolytic, esterase, lipase, acid‐Pase and ATPase showed a more reducing activity than those of the control rabbits. A definite reduction of β‐gl, acid‐Pase and lipase, and an increase of 5'‐N activity were certified in the atheromatous lesions whose histological feature was characterized with a diffuse fibrosis.

On the other hand, in the aortic wall of the rabbits treated with pyridinolcarbamate under cholesterol feeding the increase in the activities of PR, G‐6PDH, SDH and ATPase was certified. In atheromatous lesions the appearance or the increase of glycolytic enzyme and ATPase activities was especially characteristic. Other hydrolytic enzymes exhibited the same inclination of activity as those of estrogen treated group. These histoenzymatic characteristics of both substances may suggest a different way to anti‐atherosclerotic effect which is physiopa‐thologically regarded as permeability inhibiting effect and may possibly reflect in the difference of their effect or the repair process of atheromatous lesions.
AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF ERYTHROLEUKEMIA, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE STRUCTURE OF ERYTHROBLASTS
Authors: Kamiyama Ryuichi
Published: January 2009

The bone marrow taken by either sternal or iliac crest aspiration of four cases of erythroleukemia was studied electron microscopically to reveal the following results.

The erythroblast in erythroleukemia showed abnormalities both in the nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles, especially in the nucleolus and mitochondria. In two cases of erythroleukemia, unclassifiable blastic cells which were usually located near the sinus, were observed. Generally, the erythroblast has a few, high electron dense granules having no internal structure.
PATHOLOGY OF LIVER CIRRHOSIS IN EXPERIMENTAL SCHISTOSOMIASIS JAPONICA
Authors: Tsutsumi Hiroshi
Published: January 2009

Rabbits were experimentally infected with Scbistosoma japonicum to observe morphological alterations of the liver to the 60th week of infection in chronological sequence. In the present report, the developing process of liver cirrhosis due to Schistosoma japonicum was elucidated together with the repairing process occurring after its cirrhotic state. It is concluded that the experimental liver cirrhosis due to Schistosoma japonicum is repairable. Consequently, in the persistence and progress of a cirrhotic state in the liver, repeated infections appear to play an important role.
PRIMARY SARCOMA OF THE GALLBLADDER—REPORT OF THREE CASES—*
Authors: Yasuma Tsuguo , Yanaka Makoto
Published: January 2009

Three cases of primary sarcoma of the gallbladder are reported. They consist of autopsy cases of leiomyoearcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma and surgery case of reticulum cell sarcoma, one of which was complicated with cholelithiasls.

The number of sarcomas of the gallbladder reported in Japan adding our three cases totalled 14 cases, and 93 cases were reviewed from the world literature. The histological types, morphogenesis, relation to cholelithiasis, distribution of age and sex were discussed.
DEVELOPMENT OF HYPOXIC CHANGE OF THE LIVER CELLS AS REVEALED BY THE ISOLATED PERFUSED RAT LIVER
Authors: Nakata Katsuji , Fukumoto Osamu , Fujimoto Keiichi , Fujikawa Yukimura
Published: January 2009

In order to elucidate the development of hypoxic change of the liver cell, particularly vacuolar degeneration, perfusion experiments of the isolated rat liver, exposed to various degrees of hypoxia, were performed. Several parameters, such as hepatic blood flow, oxygen consumption and bile production of the liver, were examined with special reference to histological changes of the liver cell. At the initial stage of hypoxia, hepatic blood flow increased due to vasodilatative effect of hypoxia, and at the terminal stage of severe hypoxia for 50 minutes or longer, hydropic swelling of the liver cell and of the Kupffer's cell, being followed by rapid and marked decrease in hepatic blood flow, occurred. Although oxygen consumption and bile production of the liver perceptively decreased along with decrease in oxygen content of the portal vein blood, the liver cell unexpectedly maintained oxygen uptake and bile production. These data suggested that the liver cell was rather tolerant to hypoxic condition. Vacuolar degeneration of the liver cell developed by the combination of severe hypoxia and congestion, while each of them did not produce vacuolar degeneration. The factor, providing the preferential site of hypoxic change of the liver parenchyma, was discussed with particular reference to the hemodynamical characteristics of hepatic blood circulation.
AN ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY OF SYNTHESIS AND RELEASE OF BETA GRANULES IN THE HUMAN PANCREAS
Authors: Nakayama Iwao , Takahara Osamu , Tsuchiyama Hideo
Published: January 2009

The mechanism of synthesis and release of beta granules has been studied by electron microscopy in normal, hyperfunctioning and hypofunctioning human pancreatic tissue. The core of beta granules shows a great variation in structure and electron density supporting the concept that beta granules exhibit different secretory cycles. Granules were tentatively divided into three groups on the basis of differences in electron density of the granule core. Type one granule is considered to be a storage granule, whereas type two granule is thought to participate in the active release of insulin by intracytoplasmic dissolution. Type three granule is thought to be intermediate in structure between the first two types. It is concluded that granular insulin is formed in the Golgi complexes where the progressive development of the granule takes place.
STUDY ON THE FUNCTION AND STRUCTURE OF BLOOD VESSELS OF THE SECONDARY NODULES IN LYMPH NODE
Authors: Kojima Mixu , Takahashi Kiyoshi , Sue Akira , Imai Yutaka
Published: January 2009

By means of the stereographic reconstruction technique, the distribution and arrangement of blood vessels in the lymphatic nodules, especially in the secondary nodules, of human and several species of experimental mammary animals were studied. As a result, it was shown that although the development of blood vessels in the secondary nodules varied with the degrees of maturation of the nodules and with the species of animals, the vascular distribution and arrangement of the lymphatic nodules were fundamentally identical among these subjects. The arterial system of the lymphatic nodules was divided into two groups; the secondary nodule arterioles and the mantle zone arterioles. Electron microscopically, the secondary nodule arterioles revealed the ultrastructure of meta‐arterioles or precapillary arterioles. For the examination of the filtrating capacity of arterioles, various perfusion experiments were carried out by intra‐arterial injection using various kinds of fluids. Transudation was scarcely demonstrated in the secondary nodule arterioles, and it was also noted that the capillaries and postcapillary venules developing fairly well in the mantle zone and its vicinity played an important role in plasma tansudation in lymph nodes.
PATHOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE CHANGES OF LYMPHATIC TISSUES IN SHOCK WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SECONDARY NODULE LESIONS
Authors: Kojima Mizu , Takahashi Kiyoshi
Published: January 2009

The present authors carried out a pathological study on the changes in the lymphatic tissues of 38 autopsy cases associated with fatal shock. As a result, they confirmed that; (1) the microscopic lesion characterized by prominent destruction of the constituent cells of the secondary nodules appeared systematically in the lymphatic tissues of various regions, added by other occasional changes, such as coagulation necrosis, hemorrhages and transudation; (2) there occurred also marked atrophy of the secondary nodules in the cases with long duration of mild shock, or in those with temporary recovery from severe shock; and (3) the cellular destruction of the secondary nodules was closely correlated with the duration and severity of shock.
EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS ON PATHOGENESIS OF THE SECONDARY NODULE LESIONS IN LYMPH NODES INDUCED BY SHOCK
Authors: Kojima Mizu , Takahashi Kiyoshi , Yamaguchi Akihiko , Sue Akira , Terashima Kazuo
Published: January 2009

Various animal experiments were undertaken with the object of clarifying the pathogenesis of cellular destruction and resultant atrophy of secondary nodules in lymphatic tissues appearing in shock. Reproduction of such changes were successfully performed in the experiments of hemorrhagic shock and endotoxin shock. From the results of experiments on various types of hypoxia, it was deduced that the karyorrhetic phenomenon and sequential atrophy of secondary nodules are closely related to such a hypoxia. Vascular ligation of the lymph node and experiment under high oxygen pressure led to a conclusion that lymphatic tissue anoxia usually occurring during shock plays a more important role in production of such a phenomenon in the secondary nodules than the direct effect of oxygen supply from the secondary nodule arterioles.
MICROCIRCULATORY DISTURBANCE PRODUCED BY SOLUBLE IMMUNE COMPLEXES
Authors: Nakajima Sohta
Published: January 2009

Microcirculatory disturbance produced on normal guinea pig mesentery by soluble IgG complexes was observed by in vivo microscopy for one hour.

Soluble IgG complexes dropped onto normal guinea pig mesentery produced acute local vascular reactions which were characterized by plasma exudation, stasis, sticking and emigration of leukocytes and hemorrhage. These changes were recognized only in the venules.

Evidences have been presented to show that these changes were chiefly brought about by the plasma exudation from the venules. Analyzing various phases of immunologic vascular reactions, the importance of the flow dynamic changes of microcirculatory region was emphasized.
AN AUTOPSY CASE OF LAURENCE‐MOON‐BIEDL SYNDROME WITH PITUITARY EOSINOPHILIC ADENOMA
Authors: Hiraki Shunkichi , Tsutsumi Akira , Tsuroi Shuhei
Published: January 2009

A report was made on a 21‐year‐old girl who had Laurence‐Moon‐Biedl syndrome (retinitis pigmentosa, obesity, hypogenitalism, mental retardation and hereditary nature), pituitary eosinophilic adenoma, acromegaly and diabetes mellitus and died of delayed radionecrosis of the brain. The authors discussed on the complication of Laurence‐Moon‐Biedl syndrome and pituitary eosinophilic adenoma and their relation.
TWO MALE SIBLINGs' CASES OF SPECIFIC LIPIDOSIS FOUND BY ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
Authors: Yamaguchi Kunitaro , Tsuchiyama Hideo , Tabata Kimiko
Published: January 2009

Biopsy materials obtained from cervical lymph nodes and liver tissues of two male siblings, 5 years and 10 months old and 1 year and 11 months old, were studied electron microscopically. The results were summarized as follows: 1) Marked accumulation of lipid droplets, probably neutral fat, and cholesterol clefts in reticulum cells of lymph node, Kupffer cells and hepatic cells was the most prominent feature in these biopsies. 2) These lipids were found in both lysosomes and cytoplasmic matrices. Many of the lysosomes were considered to be autolysosomes or autophagosomes, because they contained fibrillar components, endoplasmic reticulum, glycogen particles and degraded organelles. It was suggested that these lipids might have been synthesized in lysosomes. 3) This disorder seems not to be included in the category of inborn lysosomal disease, and is considered as an unclassified one.
AN AUTOPSY CASE OF METACHROMATIC LEUCODYSTROPHY
Authors: Hazama Fumitada , Haebara Hideyuki
Published: January 2009

A case of metachromatic leucodystrophy was studied histologically and histochemically.

Metachromatic lipids were found in the liver, gallbladder, kidney, pancreatic islets and adrenal medulla, as well as in cerebral white matter. The main component of the stored lipids was histochemically proved to be sulfatide. However, besides sulfatide, cholesterol esters, fatty acids and a small amount of phosphatides were demonstrated in the enlarged cells in cerebral white matter. Histochemical characteristics of accumulated lipids in the metachromatic leucodystrophy were compared with those of various lipids in Tay‐Sachs' disease, gargoylism, Gaucher's and Niemann‐Pick's diseases. The acidic neutral red method was found effective for detecting sulfatide.
A MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF VALVULAR THICKENING IN THE CONGENITALLY MALFORMED HEARTS
Authors: Okada Ryozo
Published: January 2009

A total of 787 cases with various congenital heart anomalies was histopathologically studied for valvular thickening, especially from the view point of response to mechanical stimulation (hemodynaqic changes). Macroscopically, both atrioventricular and semilunar valve leaflets showed difhse and rugous thickening of the body with thickened chordae tendineae or widened noduli Morgagni and/or Arantil and separation of the commissure in cases with increased blood flow or, enlarged volume. They showed localized thickening at the distal ends including the line of closure and prominent noduli in cases with increased pressure. Histological examination revealed that the increased flow made the proximalis thickened, the increased volume made the Abrosa thickened and the increased pressure made the spongiosa hypertrophied. The combined hemodynamic stresses made any of the combination of the 3 types of morphological change. Some of the connective tissue disease such as gargoylism and Marfan syndrome showed the same rule superimposed to their basic disorder. Crasy valvular changes associated with chromosome anomalies such as mongolism, 15 and 18–trisomy were exceptionally out of the rule of hemodynamic changes.
SURFACE MEMBRANE OF LYMPHOCYTES
Authors: Watanabe Shaw , Mikata Atsuo , Tadakuma Takushi , Niki Rikio , Kageyama Keizo
Published: January 2009

Injection of serum or immunoglobulin, obtained after immunization of lymphocytes or thymocytes, caused lymphopenia either in normal rats or in RES‐blocked rats. Control rabbit serum, immunized with rat liver, caused leucocytosis instead of lymphopenia. The dose of administration was related to the degree of leucopenia.

The presence of lymphocytic specific antigen determinants was confirmed with Ouchterlony agar plate method as well as other various heterologous antigens. Antilymphocytic antibody disappeared after absorption with lymphoid cells.

Ferritin‐conjugated‐ALG were adsorbed along the plasma membrane of lymphocyte and did not infiltrate into the cytoplasm.
STUDIES ON ANTIBODY PRODUCTION IN CULTURED OMENTUM CELLS OF GUINEA PIGS
Authors: Kasahara Masao
Published: January 2009

Sensitized and non‐sensitized guinea pig omentum cells were cultured in vitro for the purpose of studying the dyamic behavious of production of these cells.

The uptake of administrated antigen and the production of antibody‐like substances in the cultured omentum cells were observed by the direct method of immunofluorescent techniques. The morphological changes were also studied by using tha phase contrast microscope. In order to examine the immunological specificities of antibody‐like substances against the administrated antigen, Actinomycin D and puromycin which are thoueht to be inhibitory drugs for protein synthesis and the so‐called blocking test of immunofluorescent techniques were used.

Through these series of experiments, it can be concluded that the cultured omentum cells are able to produce a specific antibody against the administrated antigen in vitro.
CORRELATION OF LIVER FUNCTION AND STRUCTURE OF CIRRHOSIS WITH AND WITHOUT HEPATOMA BASED ON AUTOPSY STUDIES*
Authors: Sakurai Masami , Miyaji Toru , Ishii Atsushi , Nasu Seitaro
Published: January 2009

Fifty‐one cases of cirrhosis with hepatoma, 7 cases of hepatoma without cirrhosis and 70 cases of cirrhosis without hepatoma were studied in correlation of histologic findings and liver function tests.

More than moderate lymphocytic infiltration in portal triads and in stromas is the best measure to correlate with abnormal liver function tests among cirrhosis. Hepatoma is associated more in cirrhosis with normal or only mild lymphocytic infiltration, meaning less active and slowly progressive cirrhosis. This histologic finding also reflects on liver function tests in that rather preseved liver function is more likely to be associated with hepatoma. Good level of total serum protein, particularly not lowered albumin seems to be an important factor in association with hepatoma in cirrhosis.

Elevated serum alkaline phosphatase without obstructive jaundice is also an important measure in association to hepatoma in cirrhosis.
AN AUTOPSY CASE OF AUTOIMMUNE HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA
Authors: Matsumoto Noboru , Sasao Takako
Published: January 2009

An autopsy case of autoimmune hemolytic anemia which revealed typical clinical symptoms, and complicated with toxic epidermal necroly‐sis in its terminal stage, has been reported.

Morphological changes which imply the pathogenesis of this disease have been reported. The liver was the main site of extravascular hemolysis. Various stage of red cell destruction in the Kupffer cells, erythrophagocytosis by the mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood and multiple thrombi might be relatively specific findings which suggest the hemolytic process of this disease. Hemosiderosis, erythroid hyperplasia in the bone marrow and myeloid metaplasia were also noted.
AN AUTOPSY CASE OF MÉLANOSE NEURO‐CUTANÉE (TOURAINE)
Authors: Sobajima Yukio , Uchiyama Toshiro , Kudo Hajime
Published: January 2009

An autopsy case of melanose neuro‐cutanbe of a 20‐year‐old male is presented. He had darkly, pigmented generalized giant nevi from birth; he complained of headache, vomiting and aphasia at the age of nineteen and died from a brain tumor the following year.

Histologically, melanomas of the skin were benign but melanomas of the central nervous system were malignant. The primary focus was thought to have developed in the temporal area of the right hemisphere. The pigmented cells were scattered on the pis mater of the brain and the spinal cord involving neural parenchyma. Metastasis was not found in any other organs. Up to present only 13 autopsy cases of mblanose neuro‐cutanhe have been reported in Japan.
HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE SUBMANDIBULAR GLANDS OF RATS AFTER INTRADUCTAL INJECTION OF CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS
Authors: Takeuchi Jun , Miura** Kaoru , Katoh Yasuo , Usizima Hirosi
Published: January 2009

Carcinogens injected into the excretory canal of submandibular gland of Donryu rats revealed the following histologic changes in salivary glands. 20‐Methylcholanthrene induced squamous cell metaplasia, fibrosis in the early stages, and ‘benign lymphoepithelial lesion’‐like pattern after 3 months. Dense hyalinization occurred after 4–5 months with so‐called ‘mixed tumor’‐like pattern. In the later stages epidermoid carcinoma and fibrosarcoma were observed. 9,10‐Dimethylbenzanthracene caused degenerative change, metaplasia, fibrosis and cell infiltration, and later carcinoma and sarcoma appeared at a high rate. 4‐Nitroquinoline‐N‐oxide led to dense hyalinization and so‐called ‘mixed tumor’‐like pattern was observed in many specimens. N‐nitroso‐N‐methyl urethane and N‐methyl‐N‐nitroso‐N'‐nitroguanidine revealed metaplastic changes, fibrosis and lymphoid infiltration. Scarlet red induced remarkable infiltration and aggregation of lymphoid cells, showing benign ‘lymphoepithelial’ lesion‐like pattern. ACTA PATH. JAP. 25: 1–13, 1975.
MECHANISM OF THE FORMATION OF MEGAMITOCHONDRIA INDUCED BY COPPER‐CHELATING AGENTS
Authors: Wakabayashi Takashi , Asano Masahisa , Kurono Chieko , Ozawa Takayuki
Published: January 2009

Megamitochondria have been isolated from the liver of the cuprizone‐fed mouse with the aid of bovine serum albumin.

Phosphorylating capacities of megamitochondria, specified above, in terms of respiratory control ratios and ADP/O ratios have revealed that they are not uncoupled completely. Biochemical properties of megamito‐chondria which are related to the metabolism of copper have shown that copper‐chelating action of cuprizone may not be directly related to the formation of megamitochondria in vivo. Namely, cytochrome contents, activities of cytochrome oxidase and monoamine oxidase and contents of copper of megamitochondria were unchanged compared with those of the control. However, contents of divalent metals such as Ca++ and Mg++, especially that of the former, in megamitochondria decreased significantly. It is suggested that cuprizone may alter Mg++/Ca++ ratios when it is administered in vivo, and that changes in the ratio might play a key role in the formation of megamitochondria.
IMMUNOFLUORESCENT DEMONSTRATION OF PLASMA PROTEIN ENTRY INTO ARTERIAL WALL BY CHOLESTEROL, EPINEPHRINE, NOREPINEPHRINE AND ANGIOTENSIN II
Authors: Shimamoto Takio , Kobayashi Masahiko , Numano Fujio
Published: January 2009

The presence of IgG and β‐lipoprotein in thoracic and abdominal aortas of 33 rhesus monkeys under various conditions was observed by immunofluorescence and interference Alter technique.

In untreated and placebo control monkeys, a definite fluorescence due to IgG was seen in highly limited areas of the subendothelial space and the innermost layers and a weak but positive fluorescence due to β‐lipoprotein was sometimes shown in highly limited spots of the subendothelial space, but not in the medial layers.

In challenged animals with cholesterol (1 g/kg p.o.) or epinephrine (1 μg/kg i.v.) or norepinephrine (10 μg/kg i.v.) or angiotensin II (1 μg/kg i.v.) or cholesterol (I g/kg p.o.) plus epinephrine (1 μg/kg i.v.), definite fluorescence showing the entry of β‐lipoprotein and IgG from the vessel lumen into the subendothelial space and then into the medial layers of the arterial wall was clearly shown by serial sacrificing of animals after each challenge. The passage of β‐lipoprotein through the internal elastic lamina into the medial layer, was characteristically delayed as compared with that of IgG. In pretreated animals with pyridinolcarbamate (PDC) (10 mg/kg p.o.), EG 467 (1 mg/kg p.o.) and Premarin (5 mg/kg i.v), the acute entry of those plasma proteins was significantly inhibited.
STUDY ON THE VARIATION OF URINARY PROTEIN PATTERNS REFERRING TO THE HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN RENAL DISEASES
Authors: Takayanagi Nobutatsu
Published: January 2009

Protein constituents of the concentrated urine prepared from 131 patients with various renal diseases were analysed by the use of electro‐phoretic and immunochemical methods, referring to histopathological findings of the kidney obtained from biopsy or autopsy. Excretion of macromolecular serum proteins in the urine would be promoted not only by the lesion in glomerular ffltration but also by the damage in tubular structure due to severe inflammatory change. From the evaluation of levels of immunoglobulins and various autoantibodies in the blood and urine, there could be found that their increase in the urine was mostly associated with chronic persistent inflammatory reactions followed by destructive changes in parenchymal tissue of the kidney. Investigation of the features of urinary protein and activities of autoantibodies in the urine is likely to be advantageous for the differentiation of renal disease and the decision of condition in individual patient. However, it must be noted that variation of the urinary patterns is caused by more complicated pathologic changes in whole kidney rather than the disturbance of glomerular filtrating mechanism. ACTA PATH. JAP. 25: 75–88, 1975.
A HUMAN MALIGNANT CELL LINE ESTABLISHED FROM ASCITES OF PATIENT WITH EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA OF OVARIUM
Authors: Kimoto Tetsuo , Ueki Ayako , Nishitani Koji
Published: January 2009

In our attempts at establishing a cancer cell line from various ascites of cancer bearing patients, a cell line was successfully established from the ascites of a 63‐year‐old female with primary ovarian tumor (embryonal carcinoma). Histological flndings of the peritoneum, due to metastasis, appeared to be cystadenocarcinoma, revealing the differentiation to non‐epitheual cells which formed coarse networks and fibers, and morphologic changes of tissue cultures also reflected such histologic findings. At present the subculture has reached the 95th population doubling level, and cultured cells have assumed the morphology of mesothelial cells or flbroblasts with about 50 chromosomes. As a human malignant cell line, it is useful for the study of human malignant tumor cell, ACTA PATH. JAP. 25: 89–98, 1975.
PHAGOCYTOSIS OF LYMPHOBLASTOID CELLS AND CELL DESTRUCTION OF HUMAN MALIGNANT TUMOR CELLS
Authors: Kimoto Tetsuo , Ueki Ayako , Nishitani Koji
Published: January 2009

On the basis of the previous study8,9 on the cell interaction between malignant tumor cells and other cells, especially with lymphocytes, the present study was carried out by investigating cell to cell interaction of human malignant tumor cells and human lymphoblastoid cells such as T‐cell (MOLT‐4 cell) and B‐cell (Burkftt lymphoma cell).

As a result it has been revealed that live lymphoblastoid cells were not adhered on the cell surface of the tumor cells, nor is it ingested by tumor cells, but in the presence of HVJ (Sendai virus: 2,000 H.A. Units) it adheres slightly on the cell surface of tumor cell but no cell fusion of tumor cells and lymphoblastoid cells is observable. On the other hand, the tumor cell as well as T‐cell and B‐cell all have receptors to concanavah A (Con.A) on their cell surfaces, and they show a marked cell binding such as tumor cell and T‐cell, tumor cell and B‐cell, and there can be observed a marked phagocytosis of lymphoblastoid cells by tumor cells. Moreover, the tumor cells that have phagocythd lymphoblastoid cells undergo a marked cell destruction within 4 hours of cell‐binding and phagocytosis, which is especially prominent in the case of phagocytosis of E.B cell by tumor cell.
CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS ACCOMPANIED BY SECONDARY HYPEROXALURIA
Authors: Kaneko Hiroshi , Kobayashi Noriaki , Fukase Masayuki , Katano Akira , Hojo Haruto
Published: January 2009

A 32‐year‐old woman, patient of chronic glomerulonephritis whose total clinical course was 3 years. During this period intensive peritoned and hemodialyses were performed. Autopsy revealed deposition of calcium oxalate in the kidneys and the other main organs as well as chronic glomerulonephritis. And it was thought that the patient was accompanied by secondary hyperoxaluria. ACTA PATH. JAP. 25: 115–124, 1975.
CHARACTER OF THE TUMORS DEVELOPING IN YOUNG HAMSTERS BY THE MIXED CELL TRANSPLANTATION OF PARA‐ADENO‐VIRUS 12 AND SV40 TUMORS—THE SIMILARITY TO THE TUMORS INDUCED BY PARA‐ADENOVIRUS 7
Authors: Chino Fumitoshi
Published: January 2009

Two mixtures of either allogeneic PARA‐adenovirus 12 tumor cells or adenovirus (Adeno) 12 tumor cells and SV40 tumor cells in an equal number of 1 × l07 cells were transplanted subcutaneously at two sites of 10 young hamsters. The former two tumor cells were transplantable in nearly half of the transplants and the latter tumor cells in all of the transplants. By the mixture of PARA‐Adeno 12 and SV40 tumor cells, 10 tumors were grown, 7 of which were mixed with Adeno and SV40 types and 3 were solely SV40 type. The other 10 tumors produced by the mixture of Adeno 12 and SV40 tumor cells revealed SV40 type only. Morphologically, Adeno type resembled the tumor induced by Adeno, and SV40 type by SV40. The results sugQest that the existence of SV40 genetic information in Adeno type tumor cells is indispensable to the formation of mixed tumor in allogeneic tumor cell system. The similarity between the tumors developed by the mixed cell transplantation and those induced by PARA‐Adeno 7 was discussed both viro‐immunologically and morphologically.
TRANSPLANTABLE LYMPHOMA PRODUCING TYPE K BENCE‐JONES PROTEIN IN NZB MOUSE
Authors: Yumoto Tokichi , Okamoto Shiko
Published: January 2009

Spontaneous lymphoma occurring in the retroperitoneum in a 13‐month‐old New Zealand Black female mouse, as transplantable to the same strain mice, was subjected to immunological studies by serial transplantation as subcutaneous solid tumor (66A) and bloody ascites tumor (66B). The transplanted tumor‐bearing mice showed M component in the plasma, urine and ascites. It was confirmed as type K Bence‐Jones protein. Speculations were made on the relation between abnormal immunity in NZB mice and lymphoma.
BRONCHIAL CARCINOID ACCOMPANIED BY THYROID ADENOMAS AND ADRENAL ADENOMAS
Authors: Kaneko Hiroshi , Hōjō Haruto , Ishikawa Shinobu , Kikuchi Michio
Published: January 2009

A large tumor massively occupying the left pleural cavity had the Andings of both typical carcinoid and oncocytoma which were thought to be of bronchogenic origin. The ultrastructural observation of the tumor revealed a mixture of rod‐shaped granules in addition to usual round neurosecretory ones. In the nuclei of dark cells of the oncocytoma, a latticed or hatched structure was detected. Besides two adenomas and hyperplastic foci of large acidophilic cells in the thyroid, a black adenoma and cortical adenoma in the adrenal gland, were detected. Moreover, there was an ectopic adrenal gland in the retroperitoneum. Briefly it was suggested that the bronchial carcinoid presented may be related to multiple endocrine adenomatosis.
HISTOLOGICAL OBSERVATION OF THE BRAIN OF TAY‐SACHS DISEASE WITH SEIZURE AND CHRONIC DPH INTOXICATION
Authors: Moriwaki Shosuke , Takashima Shigemitsu , Yoshida Hiroki , Kawano Noboru , Goto Machiko , Miyao Masuhide , Yanagaki Takayuki
Published: January 2009

The patients was a 3‐year‐old boy with psychomotor retardation and attacked by seizures since 8 months of age. On funduscopy, the maculla presented a cherry‐red spot. Serum hexosaminidase A activities were as low as 8.2%. Both parents were carriers. The patient was diagnosed as classical Tay‐Sachs disease by neurological examination. Diphenylhydantoin was continuously given for 2 years and 2 months till his death. Autopsy revealed swelling of the cerebrum, atrophy and sclerosis of the cerebellum, hepatomegaly and mild enlargement of the lymph nodes. Histologically, the cerebrum showed ballooned swelling of nerve cells, slight gliosis and demyelination, while cerebellar Purkinje's cells and granular cells were degenerated and disappeared. The cerebellar cortex showed small focal spongy degeneration. By electron microscopy, membranous cytoplasmic bodies were found in the nerve cells. The change of brain observed in this case were interpreted as a combined result of (i) essential change to classical Tay‐Sachs disease, (ii) ischemic change due to frequently repeated seizures, (iii) chronic toxicity by long‐term anticonvulsant administration.
FÜNF ERWACHSENE FäLLE DER VON DER EPENDYMITIS GRANULARIS ERREGTEN AQUEDUCTSSTENOSE
Authors: Hashizume Yoshio
Published: January 2009

In the present report five autopsy cases of adult aqueductal stenosis arising from granular ependymitis have been reported. In all cases the aqueduct was obstructed or markedly stenosed by subependymal Qlioais mainly consisting of fibrillary astroglia. Islands and tubules of ependymal cells were embedded in a dense bed of subependymal glia with the loss of ependyma. The walls of all ventricles showed the same pathologic findings with the aqueduct, although the degree was not so marked. Such findings support the view that some type of chronic infection produces the aqueductal stenosis, because it is impossible to produce such diffuse ependymal changes by congenita1 anomaly. It is of particular importance in this report that all cases were adults. In comparison with the microscopical findines in cases of aqueductal stenosis of infants and children arising from granular ependymitis, which have been reported in the literature, there were no principle differences between infants, children and adults.
A NEW TYPE OF MUCOLIPIDOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH HEREDITARY THROMBOCYTOPATHY AND COLOR BLINDNESS
Authors: Endo Hisako , Al‐Samarrai Sadi F. , Sakakibara Kouko , Nagashima Kazuo , Shimada Yukihiko
Published: January 2009

Autopsy findings of a 22‐year‐old Japanese male who showed the symptoms of both mucopolysaccharidosis and sphingolipidosis are reported. The patient had a gargoyle‐like face, bone change with cherry‐red spot and absence of mucopolysacchariduria, and moreover accompanied by hereditary thrombocytopathy and color blindness. Autopsy Andings were almost the same as those of mucopolysaccharidosis, histochemically and electron microscopically. Unique findings were, however, present; In the hepatocytes, another inclusion containing dense Ane granuloreticular structures was found electron microscopically. Some foamy cells in the lymph nodes, liver including sinusoidal cells, bone marrow and spleen contained intracytoplasmic sudanophillc substance in the form of moderate electron dense globules by electron microscopy. The outstanding finding of the enzymatic activity was the decrease of β‐galactosidase in the liver and brain.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES OF THE DOG MYOCARDIUM IN EXTRACORPOREAL CIRCULATION
Authors: Kajihara Hiroki , Yokoro Kenjiro , Iijima Soichi , Mochizuki Takaaki , Taguchi Kazumi
Published: January 2009

The effects of the cardiopulmonary bypass circulation on the cardiac muscle cells were studied electron microscopically. Subendocardial hemorrhage was commonly recognized in both ventricles. However, it appeared earlier and more severely in the right ventricle than In the left ventricle. Clear flocculent areas containing numerous filamentoue structures were originated from degradation of myofibrils. Degradation of myofibrils occurred within 1 hour after bypass circulation. Degenerative changes of myocardial cells such as zonal lesions, contraction bands and swelling or condensation of mitochondria appeared in both ventricles. Damages of myocardial cells In right ventricular wall were more severer as compared with those in the left throughout the period of observation. ACTA PATH. JAP. 27: 435–445, 1977.
TWO DISTINCTIVE TYPES OF LIPID HISTIOCYTES APPEARING IN THE SPLEEN OF IDIOPATHIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA — SEA‐BLUE HISTIOCYTE AND FOAM CELL —
Authors: Takahashi Kiyoshi , Hakozaki Hando , Terashima Kazuo , Kojima Mizu
Published: January 2009

In 11 of 18 spleens surgically removed from patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), the occurrence of sea‐blue histiocytes or foam cells was observed. In a few cases, sea‐blue histiocytes were found in the lymph nodes or bone marrow. Histochemically the sea‐blue histiocytes were proved to contain ceroid or ceroid‐like pigments in their cytoplasm. Ultrastructurally, numerous intracytoplasmic membrane‐bound inclusions, mostly containing tightly laminated materials and intermingling electron‐dense amorphous materials or osmiophilic lipid droplets, were present in these cells. In the foam cells, accumulation of excess amounts of phospholipids was histochemically demonstrated in frozen sections, often accompanied by deposition of cholesterol, particularly in advanced cases. Electron microscopically, vacuolar membrane‐bound inclusions were found to predominate in their cytoplasm, most of which contained irregularly or loosely laminated materials. Transitonal cells between both types of cells were also found light ‐or electron microscopically and ultrastructural transition of sea‐blue histiocytes to foam cells was traced. Enhanced phagocytosis of blood cells, including platelets, by sea‐blue histiocytes, and gradual transition of the ingested blood cells to the inclusions were confirmed. ACTA PATH. JAP. 27: 447–462, 1977.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGE‐DEPENDENT IMMUNOLOGI‐CAL COMPETENCE OF HOST AND TUMOR GROWTH IN THE HAMSTER‐BOVINE ADENOVIRUS TYPE 3 SYSTEM
Authors: Motoi Makoto , Ohmori Hiroyuki , Ogawa Katsuo
Published: January 2009

The relationship of aging to carcinogenesis was immunologically examined in the hamster‐bovine adenovirus type 3 system. The age of animals at the time of virus inoculation influenced the tumor growth and latency period, but not the tumor incidence. The immunological competence of hamsters to sheep red blood cells became matured around 4 weeks after birth and was not affected by the infection of bovine adenovirus type 3 (BAV‐3). The strength of transplant immunity was dependent on the age of animals at the time of immunization. The growth of progressive type of tumors induced by inoculation with BAV‐3 into younger animals was inhibited by the repeated inoculation of excess dose of BAV‐3, administration of BCG and transfer of sensitized lymphocytes during the tumor latency. The growth of non‐progressiue type of tumors induced by inoculation with BAV‐3 into adult hamsters was accelerated by administration of antithymocyte serum or thymectomy. The tolerance to tumor specific transplantation antigens did not play a critical role in the present system. The blocking activity to sensitized lymphocytes was demonstrated in the sera taken from hamsters developing a progressive type of tumor even in the early period of carcinogenesis. ACTA PATH. JAP. 27: 463˜476, 1977.
PROLIFERATIVE FASCIITIS
Authors: Kitano Motoo , Iwasaki Hiroshi , Enjoji Munetomo
Published: January 2009

The clinical and pathologic features of eight cases of proliferative fasciitis, a variant of nodular fasclitis, were described. The lesion affected adults older than 51 years of age. It involved various parts of the body and grew rapidly in most cases. Follow‐up information, however, revealed that the patients took a benign clinical course after a local excision. Microscopically, a diffuse proliferation of fibroblastic cells intermingled with a number of large basophilic cells resembling ganglion cells was characteristic, and was accompanied by slight lymphocytic Infiltration and by sllght fibrinous exudation and hemorrhage. The large basophilic cells seemed to be metamorphosed from cells of fibroblastic series. ACTA PATH. JAP. 27, 455–493, 1977.
A MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE PINEAL GLAND OF HUMAN EMBRYO
Authors: Kurumado Katsuniaro , Mori Wataru
Published: January 2009

The pineal glands obtained from two human fetuses were studied morphologically. Light microscopic examinations revealed its structure as an organ consisting of tall or cuboidal cells with a lumen at the center. The most striking finding was obtained through electron microscopic observation, which was cilia formation by the pinealocyte. The cilium was seen quite often, definitely of 9+0 pattern, associated by satellite bodies and rootlet structure. These features are considerably different from those in the human adult but quite similar to those of some species of lower animals, which would also endorse the sensory nerve origin of the pineal glands in man. ACTA PATH. JAP. 27: 527–531, 1977.
GLOMUS TUMOR OF THE STOMACH
Authors: Osamura R. Yoshiyuki , Watanabe Keüchi , Yoneyama Keihachi , Hayashi Toru
Published: January 2009

A gastric tumor from a 27‐year‐old female showed the light microscopic features of glomus tumor. Ultrastructurally there were two types of tumor cells, i.e. smooth muscle and possible pericytes. From the literature review of ultrastructure of glomus tumor, hemangiopericytomas (HPC), leiomyo‐blastomas and leiomyomas, the elomus tumor appeared to exist as an intermediate form between HPC and leiomyomas which were considered to be in a broad spectrum of smooth muscle tumors. ACTA PATH. JAP. 27: 533–539, 1977.