bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NIETZSCHE, LEITOR DE PASCAL: “O ÚNICO CRISTÃO LÓGICO”
Authors: Lebreton Lucie
Published: August 2024

Este artigo mostra a importância de Pascal no pensamento de Nietzsche, através da análise da expressão “cristão lógico”, que ele especificamente dedica a ele. Segundo Nietzsche, a figura icônica de Port-Royal personifica o conflito entre o cristianismo e a moral derivada dele e, portanto, entre a fé cristã e a probidade científica, ambas ligadas pela ideia de que Deus é a verdade, que a verdade é divina. Como ele considera seu próprio pensamento como um caminho para o cristianismo se superar, Nietzsche não hesita em considerar Pascal como um de seus precursores.
Hesíodo como precursor do espírito do capitalismo
Authors: Bittencourt Renato Nunes
Published: August 2024

Neste texto realizamos uma interpretação acerca do valor ético do trabalho na obra de Hesíodo como um modo do ser humano desenvolver em termos práticos a prédica helênica da justa medida, de tal forma que o homem agrade aos olhares divinos. Para Hesíodo, o trabalho não é apenas o meio justo de se conseguir riqueza, mas também o processo que granjeia a estima dos deuses através do esforço dispendido nas atividades cotidianas, enquanto que o ato de não trabalhar torna-se algo aviltante e motivo de vergonha. A competitividade é fundamental para o estímulo pessoal por superação das suas limitações. O tempo não pode ser desperdiçado com coisas inúteis e a procrastinação é considerada um ato ruim. Apresentamos, mediante leitura da obra de Hesíodo, uma série de indícios que, em com a devida licença, fazem-no um antecipador dos parâmetros éticos do empreendedorismo capitalista em suas bases protestantes.
O platonismo multivalente de Newton C. A. da Costa
Authors: Arenhart Jonas Rafael Becker
Published: August 2024

Nosso objetivo neste artigo é duplo. Primeiramente, desejamos expor uma versão de platonismo em filosofia da matemática defendida por Newton da Costa. A filosofia da matemática e da lógica de da Costa ainda é pouco conhecida, de modo que este artigo busca preencher parcialmente esta lacuna. Da Costa amplia o escopo do platonismo tradicional em filosofia da lógica e da matemática para todos os sistemas não-triviais, de modo a incorporar em seu realismo um pluralismo lógico e matemático. O resultado é chamado de realismo multivalente. Em segundo lugar, proporemos uma lista de problemas que a versão de platonismo aqui apresentada deverá enfrentar. Focamos em dificuldades específicas da versão multivalente de platonismo, evidenciando que se trata de concepção interessante e merecedora de mais estudos.
Uma Avaliação da Resposta Cética ao Desacordo Religioso
Authors: Miranda Sérgio Ricardo Neves , Segundo Luiz Helvécio Marques
Published: August 2024

Consideramos no artigo a afirmação cética de que devemos suspender o juízo nos casos de desacordo. Discutimos brevemente o argumento para a suspensão de juízo nos casos de desacordo apresentados por Sexto Empírico e propomos um argumento com base nas considerações de Feldman sobre o desacordo entre pares epistêmicos. Desenvolvemos então três objeções a esse argumento.
Ciência e método em Bacon e Kant
Authors: Klein Joel Thiago
Published: August 2024

Neste artigo faz-se uma comparação entre a perspectiva metodológica e epistemológica desenvolvida por Bacon no Novum Organum e por Kant na Crítica da razão pura. Nesse sentido, defende-se que apesar de não se poder ignorar as divergências com relação ao modo como cada filósofo desenvolve a delimitação dos seus conceitos de conhecimento e de ciência, ainda assim é possível encontrar importantes elementos de convergência tanto com relação à ilusão transcendental e outras formas de erros no que concerne a teoria dos ídolos, quanto com relação à perspectiva metodológica subjacente ao conceito de experiência e experimento.
Resenha de "A Existência de Deus" de Richard Swinburne
Authors: Miranda Sérgio Ricardo Neves
Published: August 2024

Trata-se de uma resenha da tradução para o português da obra mais influente do filósofos da religião Richard Swinburne.
A CRÍTICA COMUNITARISTA DO LIBERALISMO E A EDUCAÇÃO EM WALZER
Authors: Rohling Marcos
Published: August 2024

Pretende-se discutir a crítica comunitarista do liberalismo e a educação, como expressão desse pensamento, em Walzer. Com esse propósito, o texto é articulado em três momentos: inicialmente, aponta-se o modo como Walzer entende ser a crítica comunitarista de Walzer do liberalismo, isto é, como um corretivo cujo propósito principal não é a destruição da visão liberal; em seguida, explicita-se a teoria da igualdade complexa e a sua vinculação com o comunitarismo, de tal modo a se compreender que cada esfera de justiça tem seus critérios próprios de distribuição dos bens sociais; finalmente, discorre-se sobre a educação como uma esfera de justiça responsável pelos bens educacionais, assim como um elemento crucial, como educação democrática, para o desenvolvimento da cidadania. Como se defenderá, a rejeição de um modelo ideal e abstrato, descolado do modo como os diferentes grupos étnico-culturais se compreendem, bem como determinado por critérios econômicos, é coerente com a visão crítica do liberalismo.
ALTERIDADE E FINITUDE EM SARTRE
Authors: Prates Marcelo
Published: August 2024

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar o problema da alteridade em Sartre em sua relação com a finitude. Esta relação possibilita escapar ao círculo vicioso que resulta do conflito ontológico como estrutura originária da relação com o outro na medida em que aponta a condição de enriquecimento que as relações concretas podem tecer. Seguindo essa linha, ao mesmo tempo em que tentamos legitimá-la, procuramos ressaltar as condições positivas da relação com o outro. Num segundo momento desenvolvemos a análise sobre o grupo de forma a corroborar nossa hipótese. Por fim, apontamos como a singularidade e a finitude do projeto existencial requerem a mesma condição para o outro, fazendo, assim, que tal enriquecimento seja o mote próprio de análise das relações concretas com o outro enquanto imagem singular e histórica da liberdade.
THE VENICE OF MAQUIAVEL AND SHAKESPEARE: FROM CLASSICAL REPUBLICANISM TO THE MODERN IDEAL OF LIBERTY
Authors: Cerqueira Marcone Costa
Published: August 2024

The intention of this brief article is to demonstrate, through the Machiavellian and Shakespearean analyzes, mediated by the latter's work, “The Merchant of Venice”, the contrast between the classical republican conception and the modern political ideal of freedom. We will take as a gauge the ideas of social belonging (religion, social recognition); legal constitution of rights (individual freedom), trying to understand how these aspects are constructed in the representations of the city of Venice by the two authors. For this undertaking, it will be necessary to understand the Machiavellian understanding of the political and social structures that founded and sustained the Venice of his time. Then understand the scenario in which Shakespeare sees the Venice of his era, analyzing his work mentioned. Finally, we will try to demonstrate how one can extract from this intricate approximation subsidies to think the contrast between the traces of a classic republican thought and the incipient points of a modern conception of individual freedom.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE JUÍZOS PRÁTICOS PERFECCIONISTAS EM NIETZSCHE
Authors: Viesenteiner Jorge Luiz
Published: August 2024

O artigo tem por objetivo explicar o que significam e em que consistem juízos práticos perfeccionistas em Nietzsche, em que pese a expressão não ter sido empregada pelo filósofo em seus textos, de modo que pressuponho também uma mudança metodologia de interpretação. Parto do distanciamento de Nietzsche dos problemas típicos da filosofia moral moderna, tais como obrigação e dever moral, em direção ao debate sobre o que significa o bem viver. Assumo que a noção de autossuperação pode exercer apelo intuitivo estritamente formal, com objetividade deflacionada e instanciada no âmbito da plausibilidade, bem como prescindindo de uma finalidade forte em proveito da dinâmica processual capaz de motivar o apelo de Nietzsche à ‘contínua autossuperação do homem’ ou seu ‘engrandecimento’. Essa dinâmica processual consiste em uma explicação da estrutura formal de juízos práticos perfeccionistas, por meio de uma tríplice significação: a) um processo prático não-cognitivo e um processo teórico baseado na virtude epistêmica da Redlichkeit; b) uma retroalimentação entre performance moral e espaço de atuação; c) e como a dinâmica da vontade de poder, tal como registrada no aforismo 12 da Segunda Dissertação de Para genealogia da moral, exprime em grande medida a estrutura formal de tais juízos. Concluo com a explicação de que juízos práticos perfeccionistas são produzidos de maneira autopoéitca.
A ignorância de proposições lotéricas e algumas importantes implicações
Authors: Valcarenghi Emerson Carlos
Published: August 2024

Este ensaio pretende resolver dois paradoxos que compartilham o uso de proposições lotéricas negativas. O primeiro tem sido chamado de “o paradoxo da loteria” e o segundo, vamos chamar aqui, de “o paradoxo das proposições lotéricas”. Em relação ao primeiro, queremos mostrar que a linha de solução de Harman é viável, se adotarmos os dispositivos sugeridos aqui. Em relação ao segundo, queremos mostrar que sua resolução se assenta sobre a adoção de duas teses: (1) proposições lotéricas negativas só são incognoscíveis se forem acreditadas exclusivamente com base numa inferência indutivo-estatística e (2) mesmo que um agente disponha de um modo de geração de crenças que não seja o da inferência indutivo-estatística para crer em proposições lotéricas negativas, o mundo em que ele e a loteria encontram lugar tem de ser epistemologicamente propício para que ele possa sabê-las.
“Συλλογισμος” tem dois significados nos Analíticos?
Authors: Ferreira Mateus Ricardo Fernandes
Published: August 2024

A tese de que o termo “συλλογισμός” pode significar, ao menos em suas ocorrências nos Analíticos, ora um argumento silogístico em sua totalidade, ora a conclusão desse argumento, recebe significativo apoio dos intérpretes. Neste artigo mostro que as evidências a favor dessa tese são frágeis e que “συλλογισμός” não sofre variação semântica nos Analíticos. Defendo que esse termo não designa um modelo ou esquema de inferência, mas um tipo de ato pelo qual a conclusão é obtida a partir das premissas.
DA FILOSOFIA DA NATUREZA À FILOSOFIA MORAL: ANÁLISE DE UMA ÉTICA ANIMAL EM HANS JONAS
Authors: Sganzerla Anor , Xavier Bruno Henrique do Rosario
Published: August 2024

As últimas décadas têm testemunhado uma profusão de teorias filosóficas que buscam reconhecer a moralidade de uma categoria tradicionalmente compreendida como neutra: os animais. Destituída de qualquer valor, a existência não-humana senciente foi deixada de lado por grandes nomes da ética ocidental (de Aristóteles a Kant), cujas teorias colocava-os, muitas vezes, sob o mesmo status de mera matéria destituída de vida. Contudo, desde o século XVIII, sobretudo na Inglaterra, os animais passaram a fazer parte do escopo compreendido por um sem-número de teorias éticas comprometidas com o desafio de lidar com a problemática relação imposta entre humanos e animais. Partindo de um postulado comum – um agente é moralmente relevante se dispõe do maquinário biológico necessário para a produção de sensações agradáveis ou desagradáveis – tais percepções falham em reconhecer a existência de outros seres carentes de proteção moral: as árvores, plantas e uma infinidade de organismos com sistema nervoso central particularmente rudimentar para entrar dentro do cálculo utilitarista, cuja existência encontra-se igualmente ameaçada pelo poder de ação humana. Tendo esse desafio como norte, o presente artigo busca, a partir da teoria ética de Hans Jonas voltada aos animais, uma alternativa de proteção da vida extra-humana e da biosfera. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica de caráter analítico, cuja fonte principal circula, sobretudo, em torno de duas grandes obras do filósofo: O Princípio Vida e O Princípio Responsabilidade. Assim sendo, pergunta-se:  em que medida a teoria da responsabilidade jonasiana oferece fundamentos para pensar uma teoria ética para os animais não-humanos, ao mesmo tempo que não exclui da esfera moral outros seres vivos? Tal problemática certamente precisa operar sob a perspectiva de uma filosofia da natureza, para então estabelecer um alicerce teórico sobre o qual se possa construir uma ética animal. Para tanto, o texto divide-se em três seções: a) primeiro analisa-se a pertença humana no reino natural, possibilitada, segundo Jonas, graças ao sucesso do darwinismo enquanto narrativa descritiva da realidade biológica; b) passa-se então para uma análise da ontologia da natureza de Jonas compreendendo desde a mais primitiva existência unicelular ao mais desenvolvido degrau da vida animal; c) para então desembocar em uma teoria ética da responsabilidade que compreenda tanto a existência humana, quanto a não-humana. Em seu degrau ascendente de valor, a vida reivindica uma responsabilidade em determinados níveis, tendo a existência animal, com o dramático aparecimento das sensações, mobilidade, medo e desejo, uma reivindicação mais ampla em relação aos modos mais primitivos de manifestação da vida.
Your Grandfather Is Wong Tin Lee
Authors: Fraser Roslyn S.
Published: August 2024

In this autoethnography, the author uses racial formation theory to contextualize her family experiences and the life story told to her by her grandmother. In an effort to clarify some aspects of family history after her grandmother passed away, the author searched Australian archival records looking for new information and accidentally uncovered a family secret. Specifically, their ancestors were neither upper class nor were they all white Europeans; the family story in Australia actually begins with an interracial marriage between a man from Canton, China, and a white woman born into extreme poverty. Moreover, two generations of children in this multiracial family had been removed from their parents and placed in institutions and foster families. The family history presented here challenges assumptions about what it means to be Australian and who was living in the Australian colonies at the time of Australian Federation. White Australia is explored as both an immigration policy and as a racial project that shaped the lives of non-whites living in Australia, including that of Chinese and multiracial Australians like the author’s maternal ancestors.
Reading My History
Authors: Wherry Sally-Anne
Published: August 2024

I am a child of a person with haemophilia, I am a nurse, I am a researcher. I am a lucky one. The Contaminated (or Tainted) Blood Scandal was a worldwide event that infected many people, including People with Haemophilia (PwH), with blood-borne diseases. With the recent inquiry, more is revealed about decision making and events, allowing families like mine to see the truth for the first time. This essay explores the published literature, both by academics and by people from the haemophilia community, alongside exo-autoethnographic and autoethnographic elements. It will include my journey as I traveled the path from considering the trauma inherited alone, to discovering my own place in the story.
Navigating Desire in an Open Relationship
Authors: Kumar Suraj
Published: August 2024

This essay presents an autoethnography of a gay man’s experiences in an open relationship. While one’s relationship with their partner is the primary way in which one experiences and lives one’s sexuality, in an open relationship one can also form connections with others. This essay examines the ways in which the author—being a gay man in an open relationship—navigates their desire within and beyond their relationship that involves interactions with other gay men. While relationships may be founded on a commitment, they remain subject to the changes in lived reality. As such, this essay traces the trajectory of the author’s relationship in a period in which it underwent some major changes—from live-in to long distance, from a closed relationship to an open one, leading finally to counseling sessions with a therapist. The status of one’s relationship has a direct bearing on the interactions—romantic, non-romantic, social, or fleeting, that one has with other people. In the heteronormative scheme of things, the constant shifts in one’s relationship and their interactions with other people would be construed as a lack of stability and certainty. However, the author argues that these very shifts characterize the inherent queerness of their relationship, which is driven as much by their commitment to their partner as by the desire to have sexual interactions with others and indulge in experiences that are capable of jeopardizing the relationship altogether. The author posits that the “instability” in their relationship(s) be read as the conflict between the affective nature of queerness and the constraints posed by the heteronormative world.
Keeping Score
Authors: Berkland Mara K.
Published: August 2024

Sexual assault victims often experience various degrees of re-victimization if they go through the process of reporting or seeking support for the crime. This autoethnographic essay explores, from the perspective of a gender scholar and gender rights activist, how the power of socialization impacted her rape-reporting process, despite having worked in and researched power-based personal violence her entire career. Drawing from scholarly studies of gender norms, politeness, emotion work, and rape support, this piece unpacks the twenty-four hours following a sexual assault to highlight the gendered perspective that caused one victim to let her rapist walk free. Looking at the power of socialization, readers are shown how, despite the education and experience of the victim and her support network, she also struggled to navigate the barriers that prevent all victims from feeling safe and heard.
Conhecimento sobre diabetes mellitus tipo 2 de mulheres em diferentes ciclos femininos
Authors: Ferreira Christini Gomes Senhorinho , Matos Talita Batista , Cunha Sheila Silva , Santos Maria Luiza Barreto Souza , Santos Luíza Gabriela dos , Milagres Maria Patrícia
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: analisar o conhecimento de mulheres em diferentes ciclos femininos em relação ao diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado com 46 mulheres com diabetes tipo 2. Os dados foram coletados por meio de formulário sociodemográfico e clínico e do teste de conhecimento sobre a doença, além da avaliação antropométrica. Para analisar o conhecimento sobre a doença, realizou-se média ± desvio‑padrão considerando o escore total das participantes e de cada ciclo feminino. Visando comparar o conhecimento dos ciclos femininos, foi realizado o teste t para amostras independentes. Resultados: o conhecimento sobre a doença teve média de 6,7±2,3 pontos, e 56,5% das entrevistadas apresentaram pouco conhecimento, com destaque para a cetonúria, substituição de alimentos e desconhecimento das causas e cuidados com a hipoglicemia. Mulheres no climatério/menopausa apresentaram conhecimento com escore médio maior (7,5±2,8) quando comparadas àquelas na pós‑menopausa (6,15±1,8), sem diferença estatística significante (p=0,056). Conclusão: as mulheres com diabetes tipo 2 mostraram pouco conhecimento sobre a doença independentemente do ciclo feminino, o que pode gerar impactos no gerenciamento da doença. Contribuições para a prática: os dados são essenciais para intervenções e educação em saúde das mulheres com diabetes e no cuidado do controle da doença.
ALGORITHM FOR DETERMINING THE PROBABILITY OF TARGET DETECTION AND RECOGNITION BY AN AVIATION THERMAL VISION SYSTEM IN NOISE CONDITIONS
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kolobrodov V. G. , Lykholit M. I. ,   Special Device Production State Enterprise “Arsenal”, Tiagur V. M. ,   Special Device Production State Enterprise “Arsenal”, Vasylkovska I. O. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kolobrodov M. S. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: August 2024

Thermal imaging equipment is widely used in modern military operations due to its ability to observe targets even in adverse weather conditions continuously. Thermal imaging surveillance systems (TISS) are primarily designed to detect, recognize, and identify targets. Despite the progress, existing methods do not allow quickly calculating the probability of detecting, recogniz- ing, or identifying a target at user-defined distances from the TISS to the target. The article aims to develop a more advanced method and algorithm for calculating the probability of detection, recognition, and identification of a target by a noise-limited thermal imaging surveillance system. A more advanced (convenient) algorithm and method for calculating the probability of detection, recognition, and identi- fication of an object (target) by a thermal imaging surveillance system at a given range have been developed. This is based on the minimum resolution temperature difference, Johnson’s criterion, as well as the TTPF and TRTPF functions. The proposed algorithm makes it relatively easy to calculate the probability of detecting, recognizing, and identifying a target by a thermal imaging system, which is limited by system noise.
DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMUM DESIGN OF THE MEANS TO ENSURE FUEL CONTINUITY USING THE METHOD OF NUMERICAL SIMULATION
Authors:   M. K. Yangel Yuzhnoye State Design Office, Minai O. M. , Kuzmich I. Yu. ,   M. K. Yangel Yuzhnoye State Design Office
Published: August 2024

Residues of liquid propellant components in the power system of the propulsion system at the end of the operation of the launch vehicle stage significantly affect its energy characteristics. The fuel continuity features found in modern launch vehicle tanks ensure a continuous supply of propellant components from the tank to the propulsion system without disrupting flow and mini- mizing residues. In the fuel tank of launch vehicles, the presence of a tunnel pipeline complicates, and in certain cases excludes the possibility of taking fuel from the pole of the tank. Solving the problem of fuel intake, in this case, allows the use of means to ensure the continuity of fuel of the side type. However, the use of such a device, due to the displacement relative to the pole of the bottom of the tank by a certain angle of the sampling point, can lead to an uneven level of breakthrough and immersion of the boost gas at the inlet to the flow line and, as a result, a significant increase in the remainder of the fuel components. The authors searched for and substantiated the optimal design of the means for ensuring fuel continuity on the example of the fuel tank of the first stage of the Cyclone-4 launch vehicle, which is equipped with a side-type fuel continuity means in the form of a profiled plate (plate). The designs of siphon and annular fuel continuity means are considered. An analytical calculation was carried out using empirical dependences, a physical experiment, and a numerical simulation of their main parameters. Based on the work performed, a comparative analysis of the change in the energy characteristics of the launch vehicle depending on the chosen design was carried out. The efficiency of the operation of the considered means of ensuring the continuity of the fuel is determined in terms of the mass parameter of the remainder of the propellant components under static conditions. The result of the experimental and computational-analytical work was to obtain the most optimal variant of the fuel continuity means, which turned out to be a siphon according to several parameters. The introduction of a siphon means of ensuring continuity, as more optimal, into the design of the fuel tank of the Cyclone-4 launch vehicle will improve its energy characteristics by increasing the mass of the output payload by 5.4 kg. Also, using the numerical modeling methods (CFD methods) for design work on devel- opment, optimization, and improvement, instead of empirical and semi-empirical dependencies, allows you to: obtain more accurate results; reduce the number of experimental designs; reduce the required number of tests; reduce the duration of exami- nations; reduce the total duration of computational and design and experimental work; reduce the overall material and technical costs and, as a result, reduce the final cost of the development product, which will increase its competitiveness.
PREDICTION AND RISK MANAGEMENT OF SPREADING FOREST PEST INFESTATIONS USING SATELLITE DATA
Authors:   State institution “Scientific Centre for Aerospace Research of the Earth of the Institute of Geological Science of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”, ARTIUSHENKO M. V. , KHYZHNIAK A. V. ,   State institution “Scientific Centre for Aerospace Research of the Earth of the Institute of Geological Science of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”, TOMCHENKO O. V. ,   State institution “Scientific Centre for Aerospace Research of the Earth of the Institute of Geological Science of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to predicting the risk of occurrence of large foci of infection in a pine forest with bark beetles, pathogenic fungi, and nematodes. The areas of disease observed on satellite images have a spotted, clustered structure of drying forest. An important statistical characteristic of the infestation structure is the power law of distribution of infestation clusters in size. Large, catastrophic events have a significant probability in processes with power laws of distributions. The given methods of computer identification and analysis of cluster distributions make it possible to form a statistical percolation model of prediction an d risk management of forest infestation based on information captured (read out) from space images. The only effective means of combating the bark beetle is sanitary felling of the forest. The sanitary cuttings area is considered a control parameter in the model. The model uses forest observation on a lattice of satellite image pixels, similar to the lattice of a percolation system. The universality of the theory is explained by the fact that it considers the interaction of elements of infection clusters, which, near the critical state of a forest ecosystem, obey a power-law distribution. The value of the power-law indicator indicates the formation of large clusters and is used in the model for the risk prediction of infestation development. In the model, risk prediction is understood as a statistical assessment of risk in the future, taking into account changes in the conditions for its manifestation. Changes are determined based on the results of satellite imagery, and the effectiveness of sanitary tree cuttings is considered. An example of a prediction of the development of forest infestations (drying) using images from the Sent inel-2 satellites is presented. Model identification methods are c onsidered, and a test verification of the model is performed. Using scale-invariant indicators of power-law distributions made it possible to abandon expensive high-precision images and replace them with images of average spatial resolution. The approach to synthesizing a prediction and risk management model from space images discussed in the article is based on the theory of self-organized criticality. The model is quite universal and can be used in space geoinformation technologies to orga- nize effective environmental management.
Digitization as a new reality under conditions of social instability
Authors: Ivanenko Olena
Published: August 2024

The article deals with the phenomenon of digitization as a new reality of today's economic and everyday life, its active development and expansion. Emphasizing the concept of the development of the digital economy and society long before the COVID-19 pandemic and large-scale war (for the period of 2018-2020), and therefore the approval of the National Economic Strategy until 2030, marked the place of Ukraine in the global context and determined the incentives for the further development of digitalization in order to achieve a competitive level of our country in the world. Participation in various world ratings for determining the degree of technological development, network readiness (NRI), innovation level (GII), and global competitiveness (GCI), etc. clearly shows the level of development of information and communication technologies in the country, allows you to assess its potential in this area, and shows its strongest and weakest points. The results of these assessments, published annually in reports, show the ability of our country to be among the top fifty countries of the world and to compete decently on the international market, if not in technical terms, then in the potential of human resources despite any negative circumstances and a long war. The article also talks about the benefits and potential risks of digitization in all areas (the danger of cyber threats, unemployment, digital inequality, of the artificial intelligence development, etc.). Emphasis on positives and negatives is relevant and important for strategic forecasts and planning, both in defeating the enemy on the battlefield and in further rebuilding the state and its competitiveness at the international level.
Discursive and institutional standards of justice in the modern world-system
Authors: Bulatevych Mykola
Published: August 2024

In the article the essence of standards of justice in the modern world-system is outlined in a general way. It is shown that these standards emerged in the European capitalist world-economy in consequence of the French Revolution. Standards of justice are interpreted as ideological semantic constructions that have been institutionalized simultaneously with establishment, first, of the ideology of liberalism as the geoculture of the modern world-system and, second, — of model of liberal state. Standards of justice are considered within theoretical theses and methodological guiding lines of I. Wallerstein's theory of the modern world-system. However, some theoretical theses of J. Alexander's civil society theory are also used to supplement and concretize considered in the article problems with some new arguments. For instance, Alexander's conceptual toolkit helped to distinguish discursive and institutional standards of justice. Reasons and peculiarities of establishment of standards of justice are considered and role these standards played in the providing of development of the modern world-system is shown. In particular, it is elucidated that owing to these standards elites of the core countries of the modern world-system managed to redirect the rebellion energy of the lower strata from antisystemic revolutions to struggle for inclusion to liberal state. This helped to calm the lower strata down and to guard structures of the modern world-system against essential damages. Standards of justice contributed to legitimation of social order of the modern world-system. Full integration of the lower strata to newly created national societies reinforced social solidarity, and this strengthened the core states even more. It is shown that for today in particular countries of periphery and semi-periphery trends of revision of current standards of justice and their replacement by alternative semantic constructions become visible.
Features of Ukrainian cultural sphere adaptation to the conditions of the Russo-Ukrainian War (based on data of UCF survey)
Authors: Kozhekina Liudmyla , Samchuk Taras , Tsykalo Antonina
Published: August 2024

Since the problems of the Ukrainian cultural sphere in the context of war are usually studied in relation to consumers of cultural products, the article emphasizes the expediency of studying the state of culture from the point of view of its direct creators. Using the author’s methodology and on the basis of empirical study, the article highlights the peculiarities of the Ukrainian cultural organizations and cultural figures’ adaptation to the сrisis provoked by russia’s armed aggression. The key factors of cultural organizations and creative industries’ successful adaptation to the war conditions are identified. The survival strategy of cultural workers and institutions can be described as cost savings, along with maintaining activities, creating new products and services, and taking active measures to attract additional funding. It is concluded that adaptation does not always take active forms and is not necessarily associated with positive changes in the organization. Often, adaptability is only the result of passive adaptation to the conditions of war. Special attention is paid to the analysis of changes in the level of adaptability of cultural organizations in the dynamics (from November 2022 to December 2023). Despite the fact that the adaptability index tends to increase in comparison with 2022, there is an increase in neutral assessments of the prospects of their organizations and a decrease in positive expectations among respondents. Based on the respondents’ answers, matrices of motivational and demotivational factors of adaptability were constructed. This allowed us to distinguish adapted and non-adapted organizations and workers and the primary obstacles to adaptation. The results of the study show that cultural institutions need support from the state but the specifics of the request depend on the legal form of the organizations. Groups with high and low levels of adaptability were identified, which requires the development of additional support programs for vulnerable cultural organizations and cultural figures.
Continuous data-gathering system on migrants: a critical review
Authors: Hnatiuk Volodymyr
Published: August 2024

The investigation examines the continuous system as one of the two most common forms of migrant data-gathering today. The system is defined as a set of tools that obtains migration data on changes in the registration of the place of previous residence within the country or immigration record, including the total number of individuals entering or leaving the country and the type of visa issued to them. The strengths of the continuous system are noted, which lie in its ability to generate data on a regular basis and be useful to the authorities at the national level during the management of migration challenges and forecasting of various processes. The factors that influence the rejection of this data-gathering form today are highlighted, such as: 1) difficulty of conducting a comparative analysis between countries; 2) blurring of the entry category, which makes its unification problematic; 3) issues with monitoring of persons with unsettled (legal) status; 4) lack of recording of undocumented individuals in the continuous record of migrants; 5) system bias in focusing on emigration, ignoring the dimension of immigration. The idea about the lower level of use of the continuous system in our time due to the need for large financial resources, technological support, real agreement and coordination of joint actions between the governments of national states is substantiated as an unlikely scenario, taking into account the political, economic, cultural and social, etc. differentiation in the world. Attention is paid to the issue of prospects for the implementation of a continuous data-gathering system in the future based on the analysis of recent research and changes in the status of migration in the context of sustainable development. It is emphasized that, given the current challenges, the form will be used in the future, continuously recording data on displaced persons, but not claiming primacy in the process of systematizing information on global flows of migrants.
Method for obtaining ecological products from rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss farming
Authors: Honcharova O.
Published: August 2024

In aquaculture, the period of active development of aquatic organisms is considered one of the most important for the formation of potential in the future. The issue of using natural components when growing aquatic organisms and feeding young fish is given special attention. This research investigated Spirulina (25%) + Vermiculture (50%) + Hermetia illucens (25%) as an additional source of functional active substances and protein that affect the body performance of rainbow trout in early ontogenesis. All objects were cultured in a special bioreactor, which was a component of the recirculating aquaculture model system as well as in the laboratory, where an installation was made for cultivating natural food. The results of the scientific and practical part of the work showed that after the end of the experiment, body weight was higher in the experimental fish by 7.2% than in the control group. This article presents the results of feeding rainbow trout as one of the cases of improving the morpho-functional and biochemical composition of the blood of this species: an increase in the total number of red blood cells by 11.0%, hemoglobin content by 9.7%, total protein at 22.7%, albumin by 24.2%, and creatinine by 15.5%, compared with the control group. The presented positive changes in the functional status of the rainbow trout organism were in harmony with the parameters of body weight, as well as histological indicators. Histological indicators of the liver and muscle tissue of the fish supplemented the obtained positive result of the influence of natural and active components of the feed. Feeding fish according to the scheme in the experimental group promotes the formation of layers of special adipose tissue in the endomysium. The total amount of the stromal component in the muscle tissue of rainbow trout was 25% of the mass of the entire tissue. The control group showed that the muscle fibers were polygonal in cross section, separated from each other within the bundle by delicate layers of endomysium. When using a standard feeding regimen (control group), the stromal component is a moderately expanding structure that replaces the space between the fibers. The experimental group had the most significant indicators. The intensification of individual aspects of homeostasis achieved with the help of feed components (experimental group) promotes the growth of muscle fibers in thickness due to the formation of new fibrils, but not an increase in the proportion of sarcoplasm (watery meat). As a result, neurohumoral regulation and substance synthesis processes improved in the fishes’ body, which helps to improve ontogenesis rates. The presented ingredients in the diet of rainbow trout are natural stimulants of metabolic processes and sources of nutrients. The method allows aquaculture to be defined as being as close as possible to “environmentally safe”. The next stage will be a comprehensive analysis of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of rainbow trout meat under the influence of the feed factor.
Assessing cows' mobility to determine their comfort state
Authors: Aliiev E. B. , Paliy A. P. , Korkh O. V. , Mykytiuk V. V. , Petrov R. V. , Stockiy O. G. , Levchenko I. V. , Rudnytskyi E. V.
Published: August 2024

Milk production and breeding of highly productive cows using modern innovative technologies have led to specific unfavorable combinations of technological factors in how cows are kept, which has significantly increased their susceptibility to developing various pathological processes in the musculoskeletal system. Lameness is the most common pathology. It is important to note that this information is based on objective evaluations and scientific research. The article is devoted to developing methodological approaches to determine the comfort state of cows based on mobility assessment. When determining the comfort state of a cow, in particular, the detection of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, a three-dimensional image of the animal was used, the position of the specified points of the animal's body was determined (tracking), the kinematic indicators of the movement of these points were calculated, the degree of bending of the animal's back during movement was assessed, complex mobility indicators were calculated, and the calculated complex mobility indicator was compared with the reference one. Based on the research results, a structural and technological scheme of a system for determining the comfort state of an animal based on the assessment of its mobility was developed, and software for video recording of movement was created. The step length, maximum step height, step duration, posture, and free state, as well as the speed of movement of healthy animals, those with single lesions and hoof ulcers were determined, and, as a result, the dynamics of changes in the accelerations of nodal points in the joints for each body link of healthy cows was revealed. The key variables of the biomechanical model for assessing the limbs of cattle (cows) are substantiated. The value of the specific force of the support reaction acting on the hooves of cows was determined: the highest value (9.8 N/kg) was observed for the concrete surface, the lowest (5 N/kg) – for rubber mats. The practical examples of the complex relationship between welfare indicators (lameness), elements of physiology (mobility), and technology (floor type) presented in the publication are recommended to be effectively used in monitoring the results of detecting gait disorders in animals and evaluating its effectiveness even in the early stages of the disease. The prospect of further research is to determine the comfort state of animals depending on environmental and climatic conditions.
Comparative analysis of etiological factors of infectious urocystitis of dogs and cats
Authors: Martyniv Y. V. , Kisera Y. V. , Gutyj B. V.
Published: August 2024

Worldwide, urocystitis is the most common disease of the urinary system. Urocystitis is a generalized name, since the disease has a varied etiology and can be complicated by bacterial microflora, passing from a non-infectious pathological process to an infectious one. Often, during the course of urocystitis, bacteria play the role of a complicating factor or are the primary cause of infectious urocystitis in dogs and cats. It should be noted that various pets can suffer from urocystitis, regardless of their age and sex. Therefore, the study of the causes of the disease among domestic animals, its etiology and degree of spread plays an important role in veterinary science. Identification of pathogens that most often provoke infectious urocystitis with the determination of their sensitivity to antibacterial agents is the key to successful treatment of this disease. Postmortem examination of small animals suffering from bacterial urocystitis showed that the pathological process was present in the urethra and bladder. Pathomorphological changes were characterized by purulent-catarrhal inflammation of the bladder with hemorrhages on its mucous membrane. The wall of the urethra was thickened, the mucous membrane was soaked with diffuse hemorrhages, and urethra was filled with hemorrhagic exudate. In order to find out the percentage ratio of infectious and non-infectious urocystitis, to identify microbial cells, to determine the species composition of the microflora and its sensitivity to antibiotics of different groups, aseptic urine samples were taken from animals with urocystitis. The study was conducted on 82 sick cats and dogs. The percentage of animals studied: 67% were dogs and 33% were cats. Urine collected by cystocentesis was subjected to microscopy and it was sown on nutrient media. Microscopy results showed the presence of bacteria of different shapes and concentrations in the urine of the sick animals. Of all the studied samples, 70.7% had no growth on nutrient media, which indicates the sterility of the studied urine while 29.3% showed bacterial growth when cultured on dense nutrient media (MPA, MPB and blood agar). In the process of microbiological research, the growth of six cultures of microorganisms was revealed, including: Enterococcus spp. (33.3%), Escherichia coli (29.2%), Corynebacterium urealyticum (12.5%), Staphylococcus spp. (12.5%), Proteus spp. (8.3%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (4.2%). The obtained pure cultures were cultured on the selective Muller-Hinton medium in order to determine their antibiotic resistance. It was established that bacterial agents show the greatest sensitivity to fluoroquinolone antibiotics (enrofloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin), cephalosporins (cefazalin, cephalexin, and ceftriaxone) and nitrofuran derivatives (furomag, furagin) on the Muller-Hinton medium.
In silico exploration of antinociceptive activity of 1,4-benzodiazepines: Molecular docking on α1 A-adrenoceptor, and phosphodiesterase 4
Authors: Akisheva A. S. , Larionov V. B. , Golovenko M. Y. , Makarenko O. A. , Valivodz I. P. , Borysiuk I. Y. , Molodan Y. O.
Published: August 2024

Recently, scientists have established that several benzodiazepines were found to enhance the activation of a cAMP response element pathway by α1A-adrenergic receptors, but this effect was attributed to off-target inhibition of phosphodiesterases 4. The study explores the pain-relief potential of 1,4-benzodiazepines using in silico methods, focusing on their interaction with α1A-adrenoceptors (α1-AR) and phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4). AutoDock Vina-1.2.5 and Glide (Schrödinger Suite) (2023-2) were used to calculate the binding affinities and determine the features of their interactions by the molecular docking method; PlayMolecule software was used to perform molecular dynamics. Propoxazepam exhibits moderate free binding energy for α1A-adrenoceptors, as indicated by its average molecular mechanics/generalized Born surface area (MMGBSA) and Glide Score values. Compared to propoxazepam, 3-hydroxypropoxazepam has enhanced predicted affinity values for the alpha 1A adrenergic receptor, primarily due to the hydroxyl group, which facilitates the formation of additional hydrogen bonds. Propoxazepam, along with its metabolite 3-hydroxypropoxazepam, demonstrates promising interactions with PDE4A, characterized by notably low predicted free binding energy MMGBSA and strong binding affinity computed via AutoDock Vina. Among other ligands, propoxazepam demonstrates the lowest MMGBSA value with PDE4A (phosphodiesterase 4A). The best predicted binding scores of interaction with phosphodiesterase 4 is observed for propoxazepam with PDE4B (phosphodiesterase 4B) -10.3 kcal/mol, according to AutoDock Vina. Propoxazepam and its derivative 3-hydroxypropoxazepam interact with the active sites of PDE4B and PDE4D (phosphodiesterase 4 B) via a “hydrophobic clamp”, a typical binding mode for PDE inhibitors, which relies on crucial hydrophobic interactions. Binding of propoxazepam and its metabolite 3-hydroxypropoxazepa to PDE4B reduces the fluctuations of M-pocket residues and supports the conclusion that ligand binding stabilizes the protein structure of PDE4B. The MMGBSA method predicts that propoxazepam and 3-hydroxypropoxazepam have the most favourable predicted binding energies with PDE4D (2FMO). Since 1,4-benzodiazepines bind to phosphodiesterase 4 similarly to its inhibitors, this may support the hypothesis that benzodiazepines may affect α1-AR by inhibiting PDE4. The study of the binding mechanisms of 1,4-benzodiazepines with phosphodiesterase 4 and alpha-1A adrenoceptors helps to expand the understanding of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of benzodiazepines associated with these proteins, which can be taken into account in the development of new analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents.