bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Model Sosialisasi Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional Melalui Peran Opinion Leader
Authors: ARISTO Jurnal
Published: July 2018

This study aims to develop a model of socialization of the National Health Insurance through the role of Opnion Leader. The development of socialization model of National Health Insurance through the role of Opinion Leader is important because with the inclusion of communication technology in Rural areas has led to the emergence of social distance between opinion leaders (Opinion Leader) with the community. Although acknowledged that opinion leaders in Indonesia are still very instrumental in influencing the attitude and behavior of followers in the village. This research is also important to assist the Ponorogo Regency Government in implementing the National Health Insurance (JKN) Act organized by Social Security Administering Board (BPJS). This research is a continuation of research of Opnion Leader role which shows that its role is very high in socialization about Naional Health Insurance in the village. This research uses qualitative research paradigm. Data collection techniques used are in-depth interviews, observation and dukumentasi.Teknik Determination Informants using snowball technique, ie without determining the number of informants but based on information provided in accordance with the data required. Then the method of data analysis using Interactive Analysis Model. The results of research and discussion can be concluded that the Government set a target that in 2019 all Indonesian people have registered and have a card of National Health Insurance - Kartu Indonesia Sehat (JKN-KIS). So it has become a necessity for the socialization model that can really touch the people so that the target of the government can be achieved. Because JKN-KIS has become the thing that is needed by the society in carrying out their life to be healthy and prosperous and has been poured in Government regulation, the socialization model used belongs to the Represif socialization model. This socialization runs in one direction from one person to another. The implementation of the socialization of JKN-KIS should not only be the responsibility of the central and regional governments but the responsibility of all parties including the community as a whole. Through the role of Opinion Leader both formally and formally in the village community is needed because Opinion Leader is very close to the community and the place to ask related to all aspects of village life, in addition to understanding JKN-KIS there is awareness to become a participant of JKN-KIS both government-financed As well as pay dues independently.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KETIDAKTUNTASAN BELAJAR 12 TAHUN PADA PENDUDUK USIA 18 TAHUN KEATAS DI PROVINSI PAPUA BARAT BERDASARKAN HASIL SUSENAS TAHUN 2011 PROVINSI PAPUA BARAT
Authors: Setiadi Yaya , Kurniawan Robert , Diantoro Galuh
Published: July 2018

Pendidikan merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan manusia untuk belajardan memahami demi kehidupan yang lebih baik. Ketuntasan wajib belajar merupakan masalahyang perlu diperhatikan agar seluruh masyarakat dapat memenuhi syarat minimal mengenyampendidikan di bangku sekolah.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi pendidikan di Provinsi Papua Barat sertamengungkap faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan ketidaktuntasan belajar 12 tahun pada pendudukusia 18 tahun ke atas di Provinsi Papua Barat berdasarkan hasil susenas tahun 2011 yangdilaksanakan Badan Pusat Statistik.Metode penelitian menggunakan regresi biner logistik untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yangberpengaruh signifikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa , dari 8065 sampel individu usia 18tahun ke atas, didapatkan angka ketuntasan belajar 12 tahun ada sebanyak 3182 yang tuntas atau39,45 %, sementara sisanya tidak memiliki ijazah SMA. Analisis faktor-faktor yang menyebabkanketidaktuntasan belajar 12 tahun di Papua Barat menunjukkan bahwa ketidaktuntasan belajar 12tahun tersebut dipengaruhi oleh faktor geografi, jenis kelamin, ekonomi dan juga faktor jeniskelamin kepala rumah tangga.
Implementation of Simple Additive Weighting Algorithm in Particular Instance
Authors: Siahaan Andysah Putera Utama , Lubis Andre Hasudungan
Published: July 2018

In the problem of determining the proper level of sequence in a sorting problem, the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method is an easy-to-use technique. It can analyze cases based on the criteria used. The use of criteria values in this approach has an unlimited amount. The more criteria used, the higher the accuracy of the results obtained. There are two types of criteria, cost, and benefits. Cost is used if the higher the criterion value, the lower the chance to get the top score while the benefit is used if the higher the criterion value, the greater the chance to get the top position. This study explains how to apply SAW algorithm in solving sequence problems in various cases encountered. Using this method will solve decisions that can not be completed manually. It helps the admin in choosing the best decision in any particular instance.
KEBIJAKAN DAN PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN DALAM LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Durrani Dhiya Hanis
Published: July 2018

Manusia sebagai makhluk individu dan juga makhluk sosial senantiasa dihadapkan kepada berbagai persoalan atau masalah yang dijumpai hampir di setiap sisi kehidupannya. Semua bentuk persoalan atau masalah tersebut menuntut adanya pengambilan keputusan yang tepat dari sejumlah alternatif pemecahan agar semua yang direncanakan dapat tercapai secara optimal. Begitu pula halnya posisi dan kedudukan seseorang, baik dalam organisasi maupun lembaga, terkait dengan tugas-tugas dan tanggungjawab yang harus dilaksanakan, seringkali pula dihadapkan kepada kebijakan-kebijakan dan keputusan-keputusan yang harus diambil secara tepat agar roda organisasi beserta administrasinya dapat berjalan dengan baik dan lancar. Kebijakan dan pengambilan keputusan dalam lembaga pendidikan Islam secara substantif tidak terlalu jauh berbeda dengan teori-teori kebijakan dan pengambilan keputusan yang ada. Hanya saja kebijakan dan pengambilan keputusan dalam pendidikan Islam lebih mengacu kepada prinsip-prinsip yang telah digariskan dalam al-Quran dan hadis Nabi SAW.
Biosintesis Nanopartikel Perak Menggunakan Ekstrak Metanol Daun Kemangi (Ocimum Citriodorum)
Authors: Rifai Yusnita
Published: July 2018

AbstrakNanopartikel perak telah disintesis menggunakan metode reduksi. Dalam penelitian ini, ekstrak metanol daun Kemangi (Ocimum citriodorum) digunakan sebagai agen pereduksi untuk prekursor AgNO3. Sintesis nanopartikel perak dilakukan dengan mencampurkan laru- tan AgNO3 1mM dengan filtrat ekstrak daun kemangi. Hasil karakterisasi UV-Vis menun- jukkan bahwa nilai absorbansi meningkat dengan meningkatnya waktu kontak reaksi. Pun- cak absorbansi spektrum UV-Vis dari sampel biosintesis nanopartikel perak berkisar pada 427-439 nm selama 1 hari dengan pengadukan dan penyimpanan. Ukuran nanopartikel perak ditentukan menggunakan Pengukur Ukuran Partikel (PSA) dengan rata-rata distribusi uku- ran partikel sebesar 57,38 nm. Efek mekanik dalam proses biosintesis nanopartikel perak cenderung mempercepat pembentukan nanopartikel perak. Hasil karakterisasi menggunakan Difraksi Sinar-X (XRD) diketahui kristalit yang terbentuk memiliki intensitas terbesar pada sudut 38° dengan nilai FWHM 0,66310 (ukuran 0,3 nm) dalam sistem kristal kubik.Kata kunci: Biosintesis, Nanopartikel Perak, Ocimum citriodorum, Karakterisasi AbstractSynthesis of silver nanoparticles by using the reduction method with methanol extract basil (Ocimum citriodorum) leaves, which acted as a reducing agent for AgNO3 precursor have been conducted. Synthesis nanoparticles was carried out by mixing the solution of AgNO3 1mM with filtrate extract of Ocimum leaves. The results of characterization showed that absorbance values increased with the increase in reaction time. Peak of UV-Vis absorption spectrum of biosynthesis sample of silver nanoparticles with stirring and storage each at a wavelength 427-439 nm for 1 day. Silver nanoparticles size was determined by using PSA (Particles Size Analyzer) with an average particle size distribution of 57,38 nm. Mechanical effect in biosynthesis process of silver nanoparticles tends to speed up the formation of silver nanoparticles. The result of characterization by using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) described that the formed crystal had the angle of 38° with the value of FWHM 0,66310 (sixe 0.3 nm) in cubic crystal system.Key word: Biosynthesis, Silver Nanoparticles, Ocimum citriodorum, Characterization.
MUSIK TRUNTHUNG SEBAGAI MEDIA EKSPRESI MASYARAKAT WARANGAN
Authors: Sinaga Fajry Sub'haan Syah
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh penggunaan Musik Trunthung dalam beberapa acara seperti ritual maupun kesenian yang ada dan berkembang di Dusun Warangan. Pada awalnya Trunthung berfungsi sebagai alat musik pengiring pada Tari Soreng. Dalam perkembangannya, Musik Trunthung mengalami transformasi dari musik pengiring menjadi sebuah pertunjukan musik yang mandiri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui peran dan pengaruh Musik Trunthung dalam kehidupan masyarakat Warangan. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah etnomusikologi dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Musik Trunthung merupakan media ekspresi bagi masyarakat Warangan baik digunakan sebagai pengiring dalam Tari Soreng maupun sebagai bagian dalam ritual Nyadran Kali di Dusun Warangan. Musik Trunthung juga mengalami transformasi dari peranan awalnya sebagai musik pengiring Tari Soreng menjadi sebuah pertunjukan musik yang mandiri. Musik Trunthung lahir dan tercipta tahun 2002 di Dusun Warangan atas gagasan dari Sutanto Mendut (Presiden Komunitas Lima Gunung) dan Eko Sunyoto (Seniman Sanggar Warangan Merbabu) serta kerja sama dengan masyarakat Dusun Warangan.Trunthung music in various events, rituals, and arts in Dusun Warangan are the background of this research. Trunthung music was originally a musical acompaniment of Soreng Dance. During its development, Trunthung transformed from musical acompaniment to be an independent performing music. This research aims to know the role and effect of Trunthung music in Warangan society. The approach, used in this research, is ethnomusicology with descriptive qualitative method. The result of this research indicates that Trunthung Music is a expressive media for Warangan society, used for both as music acompaniment in Soreng dance and as a part of Nyadran Kali rituals in Dusun Warangan. Trunthung music also transformed from its first function as a musical acompaniment in Soreng Dance to be an independent perfoming music. Trunthung music was made in 2002 in Dusun Warangan by Sutanto Mendut (the president of Komunitas Lima Gunung) and Eko Sunyoto (Sanggar Warangan Merbabu artist) working together with Dusun Warangan society.
ANALISIS BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA DALAM PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA PADA MATERI LINGKARAN
Authors: Khasanah Nurul , Listiawan Tomi , Mugianto
Published: July 2018

Berpikir kritis adalah sebuah proses sistematis yang memungkinkan peserta didik untuk merumuskan dan mengevaluasi keyakinan dan pendapat mereka sendiri. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas VIII-A dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika dengan subjek penelitian siswa kelas VIII-A MTs Sunan Kalijogo tahun pelajaran 2015/ 2016 hanya sampai pada tingkat kemampuan berpikir kritis 3 (kritis). Masing-masing tingkat kemampuan berpikir kritis (TKBK) memiliki karakteristik tertentu berkaitan dengan elemen bernalar dan standar intelektual bernalarnya.
Balancing financial autonomy and control in agencification: issues emerging from the Indonesian higher education (Otonomi dan pengendalian keuangan pada Badan Layanan Umum sektor pendidikan)
Authors: Waluyo Budi
Published: July 2018

This paper aims to explore the practices of financial autonomy and control and the emerging issue of agencification in the higher education sector. (Paper ini membahas praktik-praktik otonomi dan pengendalian keuangan dalam konteks agensifikasi - Badan Layanan Umum - di sektor pendidikan tinggi).
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Masyarakat (Jamkesmas) Menerapkan Metode MOORA
Authors: Computer Fa'a INA-Rxiv Papers
Published: July 2018

Sistem pendukung keputusan sebagai sebuah sistem berbasis komputer yang terdiri atas komponen-komponen antara lain komponen sistem bahasa (language), komponen sistem pengetahuan (knowledge) dan komponen sistem pemerosesan masalah (problem processing) yang saling berinteraksi satu dengan yang lainnya, yang membantu pengambilan keputusan melaluipengunaan data dan model-model keputusan untuk memecahkan masalah yang sifatnya semi terstruktur maupun yang tidak terstruktur .Penelitian ini menggunakan Metode MOORA dalam menentukan yang berhak menjadi para peserta Jamkesmas berdasarkan kriteria dengan menggunakan rumus yang hasilnya lebih akurat dan tepat sasaran.
IMPLEMENTASI MIKROKONTROLER ATMEGA328 DI BIDANG PERTANIAN DAN INDUSTRI
Authors: Laumal Folkes E.
Published: July 2018

Melihat perkembangan teknologi komunikasi, elektronikadan informatika saat ini yang begitu maju, telah mendorong pemikiran untuk memanfaatkan sumber daya tersebut untuk memenuhi kebutuhan manusia. Terdorongnya pemikiran untuk melakukan inovasi dan mengembangkan teknologi yang ada, telah banyak menstimulasi dikembangkannya pemanfaatan teknologi berdasarkan ilmu pengetahuan yang pada akhirnya memudahkan manusia menyelesaikan berbagai persoalan. Riset yang pertama secara umum membahas tentang bagaimana merancang sistem irigasi pintar berbasis mikrokontroler sebagai pengembangan dari sistem irigasi manual, bagaimana membangun protokol (software) layanan pada sistem irigasi pintar berbasis mikrokontroler agar aktivitas petani lebih maksimal dan bagaimana membangun layanan kontrol berbasis client-server untuk saluran irigasi primer-sekunder-tersier, sehingga terbangun sistem irigasi pintar terpadu. Sedangkan pada riset kedua, secara umum membahas tentang bagaimana merancang sensor getar berbasis mikrokontroler, bagaimana mengkalibrasi sensor getar berbasis mikrokontroleragar dapat dimanfaatkan untuk monitoring getaranrealtime mesin bubut horizontal serta bagaimana menentukan nilai ideal sensor getar terhadap getaran mesin bubut horizontal.
REDEFINISI SUAP DALAM BIROKRASI MENURUT ETIKA ISLAM TENTANG RISYWAH
Authors: Sukmayeti Evi
Published: July 2018

Philosophical context on value discusses on good or bad in human life. Public Administration as a practical study was extracting from Philosophical Study itself. Thus practically, it influenced public administration context of values. Thomas Aquinas adopted Aristotle perspective about God as the primary cause (causa prima). He argued that God as the reference of ultimate value. Thus Philosophical ethics itself is built of belief values. Public Administration Ethics, therefore is contributed of belief values. Several types of research and academic reviews answering on bribery separately used normative law perspective and Islam law philosophical perspective. The Academic review using normative law perspective found that bribery pressures public officer decisions. Extremely it manipulates someone decisions who do not own public authority, nevertheless possess some resources that are required by those who have political interests. These research furthermore show various regulation on bribery. Whereas Islamic Philosophical reviews on bribery discuss on Holy Qur’an and Hadits resources about presents and bribery to be differing. Those sets of research and academic reviews separately show a different perspective of bribery. But then Islamic Philosophical view explain comprehensively that presents opposite to risywah by its public authority evidence context. (Postprint version: Sukmayeti,E.2015.REDEFINISI SUAP DALAM BIROKRASI MENURUT ETIKA ISLAM TENTANG RISYWAH.Jurnal Ilmiah Tata Sejuta STIA Mataram, Vol.1 No.2 September 2015. Hlm 13-25)
HUBUNGAN PEMBERIAN INFORMED CONSENT DENGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN ORANG TUA ANAK YANG DI TERAPI INTRAVENA DI RUANG UDG RSUD POLEWALI MANDAR
Authors: Firmansyah Andan
Published: July 2018

Medical procedures performed by medical personnel at the hospital can bring a variety ofrisk to the patient. Anxiety is the most common response experienced by parents when thereare health problems in children. Largely due to the lack of knowledge or informationobtained related to the action to be performed. Informed consent is consent given medicaltreatment by patients or their families on the basis of the explanation of health workers. Thepurpose of giving informed consent in order to reduce the level of parental anxiety.Thepurpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the provision of informedconsent by the level of anxiety of parents of children who were treated intravenously in theED Hospital District. Polewali. This study used cross sectional design with accidentalsampling technique in 30 respondents. The statistical test used is chi-square with asignificance level of p <0.000.These results indicate that administration of informed consenthave a significant relationship with the level of anxiety of parents of children who weretreated intravenously with the value of significance is p = 0.000 (p = <0.05).The conclusion of this study is that the informed consent provision related to the level ofanxiety of parents of children who were given intravenous therapy in the ED. Suggestionsfrom this study is expected to hospital management can improve the quality of health careand nursing care that all nursing staff provide informed consent in accordance with its role isto protect the rights of patients to a given action in order to minimize anxiety in the elderly.
MAPPING OF ANDROID-BASED INDUSTRIAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Jihan Jelita Citrawati
Published: July 2018

The industrial sector is one of the most important sectors and strategies in development as the lifeblood of the economy. The development of this sector was aimed at mobilizing regional potentials, increasing accessibility and mobility of the community, and increasing urban productivity.Mapping of industrial estate on labor availability parameters, physical characteristics (soil type, slope of soil, and erosion prone areas), availability of facilities and infrastructure, accessibility, and government policies for determining the location of industrial estate in East Surabaya Development Unit I used a Geographic Information System.The mapping of industrial estate used Geographic Information System approach with the overlay and buffer methods. The data were obtained from ground truth measurements of industrial location determination i.e. maps and position data, coordinates, spatial and spatial, with surveys based on observations to GNSS satellites. This research used Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) programming language to build the site displays of various mapping information of industrial area.
Penerapan Algoritma C45 Untuk Penilaian Karyawan Pada Restoran Cepat Saji
Authors: Dhika Harry , Destiawati Fitriana
Published: July 2018

Kajian dilakukan pada restoran cepat saji untuk mengetahui atau memberikan nilai pada karyawannya sehingga diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa karyawan tersebut memberikan point yang baik, sangat baik dan memprediksi kurang baik. Karyawan merupakan salah satu aset yang dimiliki oleh perusahaan dalam hal ini restoran cepat saji, melihat dan menjaga kualitas dari karyawan tentunya merupakan salah satu faktor penentu keberlangsungan restoran cepat saji, untuk itu pentingnya dilakukan kajian terhadap karyawan guna menjaga dan meningkatkan kualitas restoran cepat saji. Memberikan reword kepada karwayan dengan mengkaji terlebih dahulu mepupakan apresiasi yang pantas diterima bagi aset perusahaan yakni karyawan. Metode kajian menggunakan konsep data mining menggunakan algoritma C45 yang digunakan dalam melakukan penerapan data karyawan sehingga diketahui struktur pohon penilaian karyawan hingga memprediksi pola karyawan yang ada. Terdapat data yang digunkana untuk mengolah data dan melakukan evaluasi data karyawan. Hasil dari pengolahan dievaluasi dengan konsep confusion matrix. Dengan metode algoritma C45, tingkat akurasi diperoleh sangat tinggi yakni 97,71%. Kajian dilakukan pada restoran cepat saji di kota bogor dengan melihat jumlah karyawan yang besar sesuai dengan komposisi data mining.
Metrologi manufaktur: Pengukuran geometri dan analisis ketidakpastian
Authors: Syam Wahyudin Permana
Published: July 2018

Metrologi adalah ilmu pengukuran. Dalam industri manufaktur, pengukuran geometri dan analisis ketidakpastian dari hasil pengukuran merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam metrologi untuk manufaktur. Dengan metrologi manufaktur, kualitas produk dan efisiensi produksi yang tinggi dapat direalisasikan. Buku ini membahas aspek-aspek dari metrologi manufaktur dari sejarah pengukuran dimensi dan geometri, dasar-dasar statistika, toleransi dimensi dan geometri, pengukuran dimensi dan geometri, CMM berbasis kontak, CMM berbasis non-kontak, algoritma fitting, kompensasi error, ketidakastian sampai dengan keuntungan ekonomi dari metrologi manufaktur.
Implementation of Fuzzy Tsukamoto Algorithm in Determining Work Feasibility
Authors: Siahaan Andysah Putera Utama , Lubis Andre Hasudungan
Published: July 2018

The process of determining eligibility for someone is usually given with the same value. The determination of eligibility is determined based on several criteria. These criteria are the ability to Academic Potential Test (APT) and Grade Point Average (GPA). The Tsukamoto fuzzy system is the model used in this paper. Each input variable is divided into two membership functions. There are nine rules of Tsukamoto's model applied. The system also provides following changes of parameters if the parameter values are to be changed. The result of the difference of the employability is given to them. The greater the APT score, the more the value of the feasibility of the work obtained. The more GPA values gained, the greater the value of the workplace eligibility.
Implementing Information Privacy Rights in Ireland
Authors: McIntyre TJ
Published: July 2018

This chapter examines the reception of international human rights norms on privacy into Irish law.It looks at the interaction between the domestic constitutional right to privacy and privacy rights under the European Convention on Human Rights and the Charter of Fundamental Rights and identifies factors which have led to international norms having limited influence in the Irish legislature and courts. It discusses in particular the way in which surveillance practices have been concealed from public view - by using surveillance for intelligence rather than evidential purposes the state has succeeded in avoiding scrutiny of a number of practices of dubious legality and has evaded the application of ECHR norms.The chapter then assesses recent developments - including the growth of Ireland as a technology industry hub and the influence of cases such as Schrems and Digital Rights Ireland - which are increasingly making Ireland a key jurisdiction in debates over surveillance and access to user data. It also assesses the growing role of the Charter of Fundamental Rights in this area, examining the ways in which it expands on the ECHR right to privacy and the tactical and strategic advantages it gives to litigants.
Did Russian Cyber-Interference in the 2016 Election Violate International Law?
Authors: Ohlin Jens David
Published: July 2018

95 Texas Law Review 1579 (2017)When it was revealed that the Russian government interfered in the 2016 U.S. presidential election by hacking into the email system of the Democratic National Committee and releasing its emails, international lawyers were divided over whether the cyber-attack violated international law. President Obama seemingly went out of his way to describe the attack as a mere violation of “established international norms of behavior,” though some international lawyers were more willing to describe the cyber-attack as a violation of international law. However, identifying the exact legal norm that was contravened turns out to be harder than it might otherwise appear. To the layperson, the Russian hacking constituted an impermissible (and perhaps shocking) interference in the American political process—an intervention that non-lawyers would not hesitate to label a “violation of sovereignty” as that term is used in political or diplomatic discourse.The problem arises when one attempts to translate that common-sense intuition into legal discourse. At that point, the translation effort breaks down for a variety of reasons. The genesis of the difficulty is that none of the standard rubrics for understanding illegal interventions clearly and unambiguously applies to the facts in question. That being said, it would be a mistake to hastily reject our common-sense intuitions about the impropriety of Russian hacking during the election. The lack of fit with the doctrinal requirements for an illegal intervention against another state’s sovereignty is simply an indication that the notions of “sovereignty” and “intervention”—though mainstays of contemporary public international law doctrine—are poorly suited to analyzing the legality of the conduct in this case. A far better rubric for analyzing the behavior is the notion of self-determination, a legal concept that captures the right of a people to decide, for themselves, both their political arrangements and their future destiny.
The CSI Effect
Authors: Chin Jason
Published: July 2018

The CSI Effect posits that exposure to television programs that portray forensic science (e.g., CSI: Crime Scene Investigation) can change the way jurors evaluate forensic evidence. The most commonly researched hypothesis under the CSI Effect suggests that shows like CSI depict an unrealistically high standard of forensic science and thus unreasonably inflate the expectations of jurors. Jurors are thus more likely to vote to acquit, and prosecutors face higher burden of proof. We review (1) the theory behind the CSI Effect, (2) the perception of the effect among legal actors, (3) the academic treatment of the effect, and (4) how courts have dealt with the effect. We demonstrate that while legal actors do see the CSI Effect as a serious issue, there is virtually no empirical evidence suggesting it is a real phenomenon. Moreover, many of the remedies employed by courts may do no more than introduce bias into juror decision making or even trigger the CSI Effect when it would not normally occur (i.e., the self-fulfilling prophesy). We end with suggestions for the proper treatment of the CSI Effect in courts, and directions for future scholarly work.
Untersuchungspflichten und Vertretenmüssen des Händlers bei der Lieferung sachmangelhafter Ware
Authors: Schroeter Ulrich G.
Published: July 2018

Juristenzeitung (2010), 495-499Schadensersatzansprüche des Käufers scheitern unter dem BGB nach herrschender Ansicht immer dann an dem fehlenden Vertretenmüssen des Verkäufers (§ 437 Nr. 3 i.V.m. § 280 Abs. 1 Satz 2 BGB), wenn ein produktionsbedingter Sachmangel vorliegt, der Verkäufer jedoch ein bloßer Händler (und nicht der Hersteller der Ware) ist.Der vorliegende Beitrag begründet, warum dieser Ansatz seit der Schuldrechtsreform 2001 nicht länger haltbar ist, und schlägt eine differenzierende Lösung vor.Under German domestic sales law, buyers' claims for damages for non-conformity of the goods depend on the seller's fault ("Vertretenmüssen") for the non-conformity. German courts have traditionally denied such fault when the goods delivered had been incorrectly manufactured by a third-party producer, i.e. when the seller was a mere trader. The present paper argues that it has become inconvincing to except sellers from liability since the German law of sales was reformed in 2001, and develops a more appropriate solution.
Mind the Gap: A Systematic Approach to the International Criminal Court’s Arrest Warrants Enforcement Problem
Authors: Banteka Nadia
Published: July 2018

ICCTs have been established on a belying enforcement paradox between their significant mandate and their inherent lack of enforcement powers due to absence of systemic law enforcement. This article is premised on the idea that ICCTs fail to procure substantial results due to their delusive persistence in rejecting the factoring of politics in their operation. Thus, I suggest a perspective for arrest warrant enforcement that not only recognizes the relevance of politics but also capitalizes on it. Accordingly, I argue that by fully comprehending its enforcement tools and making use of its political role, the ICC may increase its rates in the apprehension of suspects, and therefore secure higher levels of judicial enforcement. Based on different compliance theories, I argue that the Office of The Prosecutor of the ICC (OTP) can improve compliance with ICC arrest warrants by making use of third states and non-state actors. In Part I, I address the way states and international actors may assist the OTP towards unwilling to arrest states through inducements, reputational sanctions, and support for enforcement agencies. I propose that external pressure in the form of positive inducements (membership, development aid) or negative inducements (travel bans, asset freezes) as well as condemnation and reputational damage towards non-compliant states, are likely to increase compliance with arrest warrants. In Part II, I examine a strategy for the OTP towards states that are willing to arrest but are unable to do so. In these cases, the OTP would benefit from improving its institutional capacity to identify and use overlapping interests with activist states in the field of human rights and international justice through the establishment of a diplomatic arm within its Jurisdiction, Complementarity and Cooperation Division (JCCD). I unpack the question of what this engagement may look like by examining such a potential relationship between the US and the ICC. Finally, in Part III, I focus on the instances, where civil society has the ability to influence third states or situation states to assist in the execution of arrest warrants. I argue that the OTP ought to include more actively different actors within the global civil society, such as NGOs, transnational networks, and individuals, during its bargaining efforts.
Unprecedented? Judicial Confirmation Battles and the Search for a Usable Past
Authors: Chafetz Josh
Published: July 2018

131 Harvard Law Review 96-132 (2017)Recent years have seen intense conflicts over federal judicial appointments, culminating in Senate Republicans' 2016 refusal to consider the nomination of Merrick Garland to the Supreme Court, Senate Democrats' 2017 filibuster of Neil Gorsuch's nomination to the same seat, and Republicans' triggering of the "nuclear option" to confirm Gorsuch. At every stage in this process, political actors on both sides have accused one another of "unprecedented" behavior.This Essay, written for the 2017 Supreme Court issue of the Harvard Law Review, examines these disputes and their histories, with an eye toward understanding the ways in which discussions of (un)precedentedness work in constitutional politics.Part I examines recent conflicts in judicial appointments, beginning in the George W. Bush administration and running through the 2017 elimination of the filibuster for all nominees. It focuses on the discourse surrounding these reforms, noting that at every turn, accusations of "unprecedented" behavior have flown in all directions and have served as justifications for countermeasures, which are in turn characterized as unprecedented. Part II then reconstructs two pasts — two precedential pathways — for recent events, one drawing on the history of legislative obstruction and the other on the history of confirmation politics. The purpose of these historical narratives is not to adjudicate particular claims of unprecedentedness but rather to highlight the ways in which any claim of (un)precedentedness involves particular, contestable constructions of the past. The Essay concludes with some thoughts about why we might prefer some available pasts to others.
Privacy by Deletion: The Need for a Global Data Deletion Principle
Authors: Keele Benjamin John
Published: July 2018

Keele, B. J. (2009). Privacy by deletion: The need for a global data deletion principle. Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies, 16(1), 363-384.
The First Thing We Do, 47 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1275 (2014)
Authors: Roig Jorge R.
Published: July 2018

There is currently a concerted effort to dumb down America. In the midst of this, the American Bar Association’s Council of the Section on Legal Education and Admissions to the Bar recently agreed to propose that tenure for law professors be eliminated as a requirement for accreditation of law schools. This article analyzes the arguments for and against tenure in legal academia, and concludes that the main proposed justifications for eliminating tenure are highly questionable, at best. A lawyer is more than a legal technocrat. Lawyers are policy makers and public defenders. They are prosecutors and activists. And the development of a critical and independent mind is no more important in any area of human action than in the law. There is a concerted effort to turn law schools into automaton production lines. Practice-ready, skills-oriented legal education (quite meritorious in itself) has become code for the manufacture of attorneys capable only of following their corporate clients’ instructions to the tee. The goal of this concerted effort is not a truly practice-ready and skilled attorney. The endgame is a mindless legal machine. That is not what a legal education is about. The survival of critical thought is at stake. This is not just about law professors. This is but one salvo in a much larger war against independent minds.
The Rationality of Promising
Authors: Sherwin Emily
Published: July 2018

This essay first examines various conceptions of promissory obligation, which suggest a range of possible benefits associated with promising. Theories of temporally extended practical rationality suggest that to obtain benefits of this kind, it may be rational for a promisor to treat his or her promise as binding. The difficulty is that, whatever practical and normative benefits binding promises may have, it will not always be epistemically rational for the promisor to perform. Thus, to the extent that markets rely on binding promises, they rely on an element of irrationality in human decision-making.
Psychological science’s replicability crisis and what it means for science in the courtroom
Authors: Chin Jason
Published: July 2018

In response to what has been termed the “replicability crisis,” great changes are currently under way in how science is conducted and disseminated. A question therefore arises over how such change impacts law’s treatment of scientific evidence. The present standard for the admissibility of scientific evidence in federal courts in the U.S. asks judges to play the role of gatekeeper, determining if the proffered evidence conforms with several indicia of scientific validity. The replicability crisis, however, has demonstrated that these indicia frequently fail to adequately capture, or have lagged behind, science’s best practices. Therefore, this article suggests that as much as the replicability crisis highlights serious issues in the scientific process, it should have similar implications and actionable consequences for legal practitioners and academics. The Article concludes with some suggestions to help ensure that legal decisions are influenced by the best science has to offer.
One Size Does Not Fit All: The Shortcomings of Current Negative Option Legislation
Authors: Wang Sophia
Published: July 2018

Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy: Vol. 26 : Iss. 1 , Article 6. A few short years ago, one article questioned whether 2012 would be the year of subscription-based services. Indeed, subscription-based business models have become increasingly prevalent in recent years. For example, Graze, founded in 2009, delivers a box of healthy snacks to its customers on a weekly or biweekly basis. Graze customers’ subscriptions continue indefinitely until a customer affirmatively cancels. In 2014, Graze saw its sales grow thirty-one percent. Other subscription-based startups offer various goods ranging from razors to groceries.
Using Course-Subject Co-Occurrence (CSCO) to Reveal the Structure of an Academic Discipline: A Framework to Evaluate Different Inputs of a Domain Map
Authors: Hook Peter A.
Published: July 2018

This article proposes, exemplifies, and validates the use of course-subject co-occurrence (CSCO) data to generate topic maps of an academic discipline. A CSCO event is when two course-subjects are taught in the same academic year by the same teacher. 61,856 CSCO events were extracted from the 2010-11 directory of the American Association of Law Schools and used to visualize the structure of law school education in the United States. Different normalization, ordination (layout), and clustering algorithms were compared and the best performing algorithm of each type was used to generate the final map. Validation studies demonstrate that CSCO produces topic maps that are consistent with expert opinion and four other indicators of the topical similarity of law school course-subjects. This research is the first to use CSCO to produce a visualization of a domain. It is also the first to use an expanded, multipart gold-standard to evaluate the validity of domain maps and the intermediate steps in their creation. It is suggested that the framework used herein may be adopted for other studies that compare different inputs of a domain map in order to empirically derive the best maps as measured against extrinsic sources of topical similarity (gold standards). Cite as: Hook, P. A. (2017). Using Course-Subject Co-Occurrence (CSCO) to Reveal the Structure of an Academic Discipline: A Framework to Evaluate Different Inputs of a Domain Map. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 68(1), 182-196.
Concerns Over the Expansion of Artificial Intelligence in the Legal Field
Authors: Einhouse Ben
Published: July 2018

Cornell Law School J.D. Student Research Papers. 38Advances in technology have surely made the practice of law more efficient, but looming advances in artificial intelligence should raise some concern about the price of this efficiency. Artificial intelligence programs already exhibit the capacity to replace the daily activities of some lawyers, which should raise some concern in the legal community, especially regarding legal ethics. Despite these concerns, the access to knowledge that artificial intelligence programs provide are a huge asset to the legal community, so we must regulate such programs properly. To frame this discussion, the type of artificial intelligence programs that are raising concern need to be identified. Then, the legal framework of what constitutes legal advice and malpractice will be examined, and how this framework might be applied to artificial intelligence programs. Finally, some general best practices for the future of artificial intelligence regulation as it pertains to legal ethics and malpractice will be discussed.
The Public Good in Poetic Justice
Authors: Katyal Sonia
Published: July 2018

26 Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy (2017)In this article, for a symposium on the intersection of art and law, I explore the artist Felix Gonzalez Torres’ work in relation to a concept that we often focus on in property law, the idea of a “public good,” and how it can relate to the powerful conceptual work that his artistic legacy offers us. Here, I suggest using the concept of a public good as a metaphor for thinking about Felix Gonzalez Torres’ work in three potential ways. First, I use the economic framework of a public good to demonstrate the ways in which his work underscored and also challenged the notion of a singular intellectual property. Second, as I argue in Part II, using a non-market framework, his work also illuminates the concept of a public good in a philosophical sense because his work illuminates the kind of ideal, utopian terrain that law often strives to achieve. Third, I highlight Gonzalez Torres’ work, not in terms of how his work represents a public good, but rather how a decentralized notion of a public good, in both moral and market terms, personifies the legacy of the artist himself. Much of his work reworked the notion of advertising and consumption to use the concept of originality to focus on the way that identities circulated in modern contemporary culture. By reworking classic imagery, Gonzalez Torres also, ironically, forcibly reclaimed the perspectives of those who are often missing from mainstream representations.His work, in many ways, illustrates why it is so important to study the relationships between art and property, between audience and artist, between the visual image and narrative form, between the space between reality and the ideal. His work directs us to study the text or the picture that is created and the meaning that it is supposed to produce—and the space between how that meaning is communicated, and how that meaning is received by the audience. In this article, it is that space—the space between the artist’s intent and the audience’s interpretation—that I want to focus on here, because I believe that the work of Felix Gonzalez Torres carries important lessons for those of us who care, not just about social justice and conceptual art, but who also care about creating a world that enables a multiplicity of interpretations, particularly in the age of new media.
Putting Distribution First
Authors: Hockett Robert C.
Published: July 2018

It is common for normative legal theorists, economists and other policy analysts to conduct and communicate their work mainly in maximizing terms. They take the maximization of welfare, for example, or of wealth or utility, to be primary objectives of legislation and public policy. Few if any of these theorists seem to notice, however, that any time we speak explicitly of maximizing one thing, we speak implicitly of distributing other things and of equalizing yet other things. Fewer still seem to recognize that we effectively define ourselves by reference to that which we distribute and equalize. For it is in virtue of that which we distribute and equalize that our policy formulations treat us as politically “counting” or “mattering” for purposes of social aggregation and maximization.To attend systematically to this form of inter-translatability, with a view in particular to that which maximization formulations latently prescribe that we distribute and equalize, might be called “putting distribution first.” It is explicitly to recognize the fact that all law and policy are implicitly as equalizing and citizen-defining as they are aggregative and maximizing, and to trace the many salient consequences that stem from this fact. It is likewise to recognize that all law and policy treat us as equals in some respects and as non-equals in other respects. Putting distribution first by attending explicitly to these “respects” yields greater transparency about how well or poorly our laws and policies manage to identify, count, and treat us as equals in the right respects.This Article works to lay out with care how to put distribution first in normative legal and policy analysis. The payoffs include both a workable method by which to test proposed maximization norms systematically for their normative propriety, and an attractive distributive ethic that can serve as a workable normative touchstone for legal and policy analysis. Indeed, the Article concludes, much — though not yet quite all — of our law can illuminatingly be interpreted as giving inchoate expression to just such an ethic.
Review of Finding the Answers to Legal Questions
Authors: Keele Benjamin John
Published: July 2018

Keele, B. J. (2011). Review of Finding the Answers to Legal Questions. Journal of Academic Librarianship 37(6), 551.
The ghost in the legal machine: algorithmic governmentality, economy, and the practice of law
Authors: Harkens Adam
Published: July 2018

Purpose - This paper investigates algorithmic governmentality - as proposed by Antoinette Rouvroy – specifically in relation to law. It seeks to show how algorithmic profiling can be particularly attractive for those in legal practice, given restraints on time and resources. It deviates from Rouvroy in two ways. Firstly, it argues that algorithmic governmentality does not contrast with neoliberal modes of government, in that it allows indirect rule through economic calculations. Secondly, that critique of such systems is possible, especially if the creative nature of law can be harnessed effectively.Design/methodology/approach - This is a conceptual paper, with a theory-based approach, that is intended to explore relevant issues related to algorithmic governmentality as a basis for future empirical research. It builds on governmentality and socio-legal studies, as well as research on algorithmic practices and some documentary analysis of reports and public-facing marketing of relevant technologies.Findings – This paper provides insights on how algorithmic knowledge is collected, constructed, and applied in different situations. It gives examples of how algorithms are currently used, and how trends are developing. It demonstrates how such uses can be informed by socio-political and economic rationalities. Research limitations – Further empirical research is required to test the theoretical findings. Originality/value - This paper takes up Rouvroy’s question of whether we are at the end(s) of critique, and seeks to identify where such critique can be made possible. It also highlights the importance of acknowledging the role of political rationalities in informing the activity of algorithmic assemblages.
New Tactics
Authors: Soghoian Christopher
Published: July 2018

Although the privacy threat posed by IMSI catchers is not widely known to the general public, it is real. Furthermore, as these devices have been purchased by intelligence agencies, they are likely used to spy on the traditional targets of foreign espionage: politicians, military leaders and business executives. For advocates, then, IMSI catchers and other surveillance technologies that can be used for foreign espionage are a fantastic opportunity. We must shift the debate away from human rights to national security, and in particular to the threat posed by such technologies when they are used by foreign governments in our own capital cities.
Democracy v. Concentrated Wealth: In Search of a Louis D. Brandeis Quote
Authors: Campbell Peter Scott
Published: July 2018

On June 25, 2000, Ralph Nader used a little known quote by Louis D. Brandeis in his acceptance statement for the Green Party presidential nomination. Nader was apparently so enamored of the quote that he proceeded to repeat it in nearly every subsequent speech he made on the campaign trail. History has yet to determine whether any of Nader’s other statements in his speeches will make any lasting impact, but the Brandeis quote has certainly caught on. Over the years since 2000, the quote has been repeated so often in books, in articles and on the Internet that it has arguably become Brandeis’ most well-known quote. Unfortunately, there is no evidence he ever actually said it.
Exemplary Legal Writing 2016: Books Selected by our Respectable Authorities: Five Recommendations
Authors: Cadmus Femi
Published: July 2018

7 Journal of Law 176-178 (2017)
Review of Copyright for Teachers & Librarians in the 21st Century
Authors: Keele Benjamin John
Published: July 2018

Keele, B. J. (2012). Review of Copyright for Teachers & Librarians in the 21st Century. Journal of Academic Librarianship 38(4), 248.