bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drone auralization model with statistical synthesis of amplitude and frequency modulations
Authors: Dreier Christian , Vorländer Michael
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a drone auralization model that reproduces the spectro-temporal and spatial characteristics of a drone during flight. Focusing on perceptual plausibility, the time-variant processes are modeled by taking into account the statistical amplitude and frequency modulation distributions of a reference drone sound. For completeness, the far-field directivity is extracted based on time-variant wave backpropagation from microphone array signals. Both components consider a combined level calibration with regard to the reconstructed sound pressure on a spherical surface around the source. With regard to reproducibility, this paper is accompanied by supplemental data to present a synthesis model including the oscillator and digital filter coefficients for procedural audio synthesis. From evaluation, the model shows good agreement by comparison of psychoacoustic measures of the synthesized drone to a recorded reference. The drone auralization model can be applied in future research on urban soundscapes where Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) may appear in a great variety of use cases. Furthermore, it can deliver input data for simulation tools where the spatial radiation characteristics of a drone should be included, such as the development of array-based drone detection.
Growth kinetics of microalgae Spirulina sp. using vinasse media
Authors: Sundari Hanifah Sri , Sadewo Brilian Ryan , Suyono Eko Agus , Dewayanto Nugroho , Budiman Arief
Published: September 2024

Spirulina sp. is a type of microalgae that can accumulate functional metabolites in their biomass for use in various industries. However, due to the high production costs and low biomass content, there are still challenges in creating microalgae-based products. Therefore, it is necessary to utilize various nutrients in microalgae cultivation media to obtain biomass with high productivity. This research explores the use of vinasse as a cost-effective and highly nutritious cultivation medium obtained from vinasse to reduce harvest costs and develop the potential of a microalgae biorefinery that utilizes vinasse as a culture medium for Spirulina sp. strains. The aim of this research is to determine the ideal vinasse nutrition that can increase the number of Spirulina sp. cells, as well as considering the growth parameters of Spirulina sp. with the Gompertz and Richard Model. The parameter measured in this study was Optical Density (OD) which was measured every day during the 7 days observation period. The vinasse concentration used in this research was 4%. The results of this study indicate that the ideal amount of supplement for the growth of Spirulina sp. is a 0.04% supplement and the amount of biomass produced is 0.37 g/L.
In vitro shoot response of Rauvolfia serpentina to the type and concentration of cytokinin
Authors: Yunita Rossa , Lestari Endang Gati , Syahid Sitti Fatimah , Nugraha Media Fitri Isma , Sustiprijatno  , Sukmadjaja Deden , Widiastuti Diana , Maulana Evan
Published: September 2024

Rauvolfia serpentina is widely recognized for its use as a raw material in hypertension and antihypertensive medications, including reserpine. Since this plant is used directly from the natural world, cultivation activities are necessary. Seeds for cultivation must be consistent, high-quality, and free of pests and diseases. Thus, a suitable propagation technique is required. In vitro propagation is one method that can produce homogeneous plants with a relatively high rate of multiplication. Cytokinin-family regulatory molecules are crucial for in vitro proliferation techniques. The aim of this research was to determine the optimal type and concentration of cytokinin for the in vitro induction of R. serpentina shoots. This study employed a completely randomized factorial design. The first factor was the type of cytokinin (Benzylaminopurine (BA), Zeatin, Kinetin, and 2iP), and the second factor was the cytokinin concentration (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mg/l). Each treatment was replicated 10 times. The results showed that the best cytokinin for R. serpentina shoot induction in vitro was BA at a concentration of 0.5 mg/l. This treatment produced a greater number of shoots and leaves, taller shoots compared to other treatments, and resulted in more well-developed plant visualization.
Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) OF Escherichia coli resistance from the broiler cloaca in the traditional market banda aceh
Authors: Rastina  , Iskandar Cut Dahlia , Zahra Lathifatul
Published: September 2024

Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli is a type of bacteria that can cause several infectious diseases in various animal and human tissues. ESBL bacteria have been reported to be resistant to various classes of antibiotics including penicillin, third-generation cephalosporins (cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and ceftazidime), and monobactam (aztreonam). This study focused on the presence of Escherichia coli as an ESBL producer in the cloaca of broiler. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence or absence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in the cloaca of broiler in the traditional market, Banda Aceh. This study used 47 samples of broiler cloacal swabs. The study used Cross-Sectional Observation and the disc diffusion methods. The presence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in cloacal swabs was identified using Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA) media. Detection of ESBL production using β-lactam antibiotic discs, namely cefotaxime, ceftazidime and ampicillin. The results showed the presence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli bacteria isolated from cloacal swabs of broiler in the traditional market, Banda Aceh, which reached 21.27% (10/47). Sensitivity test results showed high resistance of Escherichia coli to cefotaxime 100% (10/10), ceftazidime 90% (9/10), and ampicillin 70% (7/10). Referring to CLSI, all isolates (100%) were ESBL-producing Escherichia coli. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is Extended Spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli in the cloaca of broiler in the traditional market, Banda Aceh.
Providing variations in yeast types for proximate, antinutrient and organoleptic analysis of cowpea tempeh (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) brown eye varieties
Authors: Rahayu Monika , Kusdiyantini Endang , Wijanarka
Published: September 2024

The study utilised four types of tempeh starter cultures: RAPRIMA brand tempeh starter cultures (R0), tempeh starter cultures derived from soybean tempeh flour (R1), tempeh starter cultures grown on rice media (R2), and tempeh starter cultures grown on cassava media (R3). Proximate analysis was conducted to determine the water, protein, fat, ash, carbohydrate, and fibre content. Antinutrient analysis measured phytic acid levels, while the organoleptic properties, such as colour, texture, aroma, and taste, were evaluated by 25 panellists using a hedonic scale questionnaire. The study employed a Completely Randomised Design, repeated three times. Data analysis involved ANOVA at a 5% significance level. Results indicated that different tempeh starter cultures types significantly affected the proximate analysis of cowpea tempeh. Moisture content (%) was 33.17 for RAPRIMA tempeh starter cultures, 38.61 for soybean flour tempeh starter cultures, 45.22 for rice media tempeh starter cultures, and 51.5 for cassava media tempeh starter cultures. Fat content (%) was 33.36 for RAPRIMA tempeh starter cultures, 25.31 for soybean flour tempeh starter cultures, 23.08 for rice media tempeh starter cultures, and 15.27 for cassava media tempeh starter cultures. Protein content (%) was 28.56 for RAPRIMA tempeh starter cultures, 30.68 for soybean flour tempeh starter cultures, 26.27 for rice media tempeh starter cultures, and 26.91 for cassava media tempeh starter cultures. Regarding antinutrients, phytic acid levels (%) were 0.3957 on average, with RAPRIMA tempeh starter cultures at 0.5368, soy tempeh flour tempeh starter cultures at 0.5083, rice media tempeh starter cultures at 0.5602, and cassava media tempeh starter cultures at 0.5378. Sensory testing showed the tempeh was generally acceptable to panellists, with tempeh starter cultures type significantly affecting taste and aroma. It was concluded that tempeh starter cultures variation did not significantly affect proximate or antinutrient properties but had a significant impact on organoleptic qualities.
Strong potential of white cambodia (Plumeria acuminata) phyllosphere bacteria which inhibit Candida albicans growth
Authors: Awidya I Gede Bagus , Rizqoh Debie , Lestari Novriantika , Sipriyadi Sipriyadi , Sariyanti Mardhatillah
Published: September 2024

Candida albicans is the most common fungal species that infect humans. Over time pathogenic fungi can evolve to become more resistant to current antimicrobials. Therefore, the search for new antimicrobials needs to be carried out continuously. White cambodia leaves (Plumeria acuminata) contain several secondary metabolite compounds with antimicrobial properties. The leaf surface is a habitat for microbes such as phyllosphere bacteria, which are known to have the ability to produce secondary metabolite compounds that are the same as the host where they live. This study aims to determine the antifungal potential produced by P. acuminata phyllosphere bacterial isolates in inhibiting the growth of C. albicans. This research uses experimental laboratory methods. The initial stage was the isolation of P. acuminata phyllosphere bacteria using the serial dilution method. After that, observation of colony characteristics based on shape, edge, elevation, texture, and pigment, as well as Gram staining of P. acuminata phyllosphere bacterial isolates. The final stage was an antagonistic test of phyllosphere bacterial isolates against C. albicans using the two-layer agar method. Isolation of P. acuminata phyllosphere bacteria produced 151 isolates, and 66 isolates were selected as samples. Based on the observation of isolate characteristics and morphology of bacteria from 66 isolates, the isolate characteristics and morphology of bacteria were diverse. Based on the Gram staining test, it is known that Gram-positive bacteria in the form of cocci are dominant. Fourteen isolates of phyllosphere bacteria could inhibit the growth of C.albicans based on the results of the antagonist test. White Cambodia (P. acuminata) phyllosphere bacterial isolates can produce antifungal compounds inhibiting C. albicans growth.
Transcriptome changes of liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini in diabetic hamsters
Authors: Chaidee Apisit , Charoenram Naruechar , Sengthong Chatchawan , Dangtakot Rungtiwa , Pinlaor Porntip , Pongking Thatsanapong , Pinlaor Somchai
Published: September 2024

A recent study in hamsters showed that infection with the liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini in diabetic hosts worsens the severity of hepatobiliary disease. However, the effects of diabetes on the worm’s phenotype and gene expression pattern remain unknown. This study investigated the impact of diabetes on the global gene expression and development of O. viverrini in diabetic hamsters. Parasitological parameters were assessed, and mRNA sequencing with bioinformatic analysis was performed. The study revealed that worm establishment rates in diabetic hamsters were directly correlated with fasting plasma glucose levels. Interestingly, worms collected from diabetic hosts exhibited stunted growth and reduced egg production. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant alterations in gene expression, with 4314 and 567 differentially expressed genes at 21- and 35-days post-infection, respectively. Gene ontology enrichment analysis highlighted changes in biological processes related to stress response, metabolism, and cellular organization. Notably, genes associated with parasite virulence, including granulin, tetraspanins, and thioredoxins, showed significant upregulation in diabetic hosts. These findings demonstrate the profound impact of host diabetic status on O. viverrini development and gene expression, providing insights into the complex interplay between host metabolism and parasite biology, including molecular adaptations of O. viverrini in hosts. This study contributes to our understanding of opisthorchiasis in the context of metabolic disorders and may inform future strategies for disease management in diabetic human populations.
Einfluss sportlichen Trainings auf die Fatigue bei Patient*innen mit
Multipler Sklerose
Authors: Meyer Victoria Charlotte , Schmidt Jennifer
Published: September 2024

Die Fatigue ist eines der häufigsten Symptome der Multiplen Sklerose (MS).
Gekennzeichnet durch unverhältnismäßige Erschöpfung nach physischer oder
kognitiver Belastung führt sie zu massiven Beeinträchtigungen in sämtlichen
Lebensbereichen. Die Therapie der MS-assoziierten Fatigue stützt sich vor allem
auf nicht-medikamentöse Maßnahmen. Sportliches Training kann sich positiv auf
verschiedene Symptome der MS auswirken. Hinsichtlich der Fatigue wird empfohlen,
Betroffene über die Effekte körperlichen Trainings aufzuklären. Bislang bestehen
allerdings nur wenige Erkenntnisse über eine optimale Trainingsgestaltung.

Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, anhand aktueller Forschungserkenntnisse den Einfluss
sportlichen Trainings auf die Fatigue bei Patient*innen mit MS zu analysieren
und anhand dessen mögliche Trainingsempfehlungen abzuleiten. Dafür wurden die
Fachdatenbanken PubMed, Cochrane Library, PEDro und BISp Surf systematisch nach
randomisierten kontrollierten Studien (RCTs), welche die Auswirkungen
sportlichen Trainings auf die Fatigue bei Patient*innen mit MS analysierten,
durchsucht. Eine Bewertung der methodischen Qualität der Arbeiten erfolgte
anhand der PEDro-Skala. Die Effektgröße wurde mittels Cohen's d kalkuliert.
Neun RCTs (n=564) wurden eingeschlossen. Die durchschnittliche methodische
Qualität lag mit 6,9 Punkten auf der PEDro-Skala bei „gut“.

Die Ergebnisse der Studien zeigten, dass sportliches Training die Fatigue bei
Patient*innen mit MS reduzieren kann. Das Ausmaß der Linderung fällt je nach Art
der Belastung allerdings unterschiedlich aus. Krafttrainingsformen zeigten die
höchste Effektivität. Um die langfristige Aufrechterhaltung der positiven
Effekte zu gewährleisten, ist ein kontinuierliches Training erforderlich.

Die Aussagekraft der Ergebnisse ist durch die hohe Heterogenität der Arbeiten
sowie die begrenzte Vergleichbarkeit der verwendeten Assessments limitiert.
Aufgrund unzureichender Daten über die optimale Gestaltung von
Belastungsparametern und individuelle Einflussfaktoren ist aktuell eine
spezifizierte Trainingsempfehlung nur eingeschränkt möglich und bedarf weiterer
Forschung.
Exploring the Impact of GitHub Copilot on Health Informatics Education
Authors: Avramovic Sanja , Avramovic Ivan , Wojtusiak Janusz
Published: September 2024

Background The use of artificial intelligence-driven code completion tools, particularly the integration of GitHub Copilot with Visual Studio, has potential implications for Health Informatics education, particularly for students learning SQL and Python.

Objectives This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of these tools in solving or assisting with the solution of problems found in Health Informatics coursework, ranging from simple to complex.

Methods The study assesses the performance of GitHub Copilot in generating code to solve programming problems normally given to students in introductory Health Informatics programming courses. Problem statements are provided to the tool; the response is assessed on correctness. The focus is on the impact of detailed explanations on the tool's effectiveness.

Results Findings reveal that GitHub Copilot can generate correct code for straightforward problems. The correctness and effectiveness of solutions decrease with problem complexity, and the tool struggles with the most challenging problems, although performance on complex problems improves with more detailed explanations.

Conclusion The study not only underscores the relevance of these tools to programming in Health Informatics education but also highlights the need for critical evaluation by students. It concludes with a call for educators to adapt swiftly to this rapidly evolving technology.
Kohn–Sham fragment energy decomposition analysis
Authors: Giovannini Tommaso
Published: September 2024

We introduce the concept of Kohn–Sham fragment localized molecular orbitals (KS-FLMOs), which are Kohn–Sham molecular orbitals (MOs) localized in specific fragments constituting a generic molecular system. In detail, we minimize the local electronic energies of various fragments, while maximizing the repulsion between them, resulting in the effective localization of the MOs. We use the developed KS-FLMOs to propose a novel energy decomposition analysis, which we name Kohn–Sham fragment energy decomposition analysis, which allows for rationalizing the main non-covalent interactions occurring in interacting systems both in vacuo and in solution, providing physical insights into non-covalent interactions. The method is validated against state-of-the-art energy decomposition analysis techniques and with high-level calculations.
Beyond memory-effect matrix-based imaging in scattering media by acousto-optic gating
Authors: Sunray Elad , Weinberg Gil , Rosenfeld Moriya , Katz Ori
Published: September 2024

Imaging inside scattering media at optical resolution is a longstanding challenge affecting multiple fields, from bio-medicine to astronomy. In recent years, several groundbreaking techniques for imaging inside scattering media, in particular scattering-matrix-based approaches, have shown great promise. However, due to their reliance on the optical “memory-effect,” these techniques usually suffer from a restricted field of view. Here, we demonstrate that diffraction-limited imaging beyond the optical memory-effect can be robustly achieved by combining acousto-optic spatial-gating with state-of-the-art matrix-based imaging techniques. In particular, we show that this can be achieved by computational processing of scattered light fields captured under scanned acousto-optic modulation. The approach can be directly utilized whenever the ultrasound focus size is of the order of the memory-effect range, independently of the scattering angle.
Anisotropic optical and magneto-optical properties of antiferromagnetic Weyl semimetal Mn3Sn epitaxial thin films
Authors: Gao Dong , Yang Ting , Tang Fu , Su Jiejun , Yang Weihao , Deng Dengfu , Xie Yunfei , Qin Jun , Liang Xiao , Bi Lei
Published: September 2024

Antiferromagnetic Weyl semimetal Mn3Sn exhibiting strong magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) due to non-zero Berry curvature is attractive for spintronic and photonic device applications. Despite many reports on the anisotropic anomalous Hall effect (AHE), so far, there have been few studies on its anisotropic optical properties. In this work, we experimentally characterized the anisotropic optical and magneto-optical (MO) properties of Mn3Sn(20)/MgO(110) and Mn3Sn(0001)/Al2O3(0001) epitaxial films using ellipsometry in the wavelength range from 300 to 1690 nm. By measuring the Mueller matrix of magnetized Mn3Sn, the anisotropic permittivity tensor is determined using the 4 × 4 transfer matrix method. Temperature dependent MOKE measurement confirmed the origin of the anisotropic MO effect to the non-zero Berry curvature of the chiral magnetic phase. The measured permittivity also agrees well with first-principles calculations. The anisotropic optical and MO properties determined in this work can be useful for Mn3Sn based spintronic device characterization and photonic device development.
Efficiency of the zinc chelator 1,10-phenanthroline for assisted oocyte activation following ICSI in pigs
Authors: Briski Olinda , Cabeza Juan P. , Salamone Daniel F. , Fernández-Martin Rafael , Gambini Andrés
Published: September 2024

Context In vitro embryo production in pigs is an important tool for advancing biomedical research. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) circumvents the polyspermy problems associated with conventional IVF in porcine. However, the suboptimal efficiency for ICSI in pigs requires new strategies to increase blastocyst formation rates. Aim To investigate novel methods for assisted activation using the zinc chelator 1,10-phenanthroline (PHEN), and to improve embryo developmental competence and quality of ICSI porcine blastocyst. Methods ICSI embryos were treated with PHEN after or before sperm injection, recording pronuclear formation, blastocyst rate and the expression of SMARCA4, OCT4, SOX2 and CDX2. Key results Neither electrical nor PHEN significantly improves pronuclear formation rates before or after ICSI. Following in vitro culture to the blastocyst stage, no significant differences were observed in developmental rates among the groups. Moreover, the use of PHEN did not alter the total cell number or the expression of OCT4, SOX2 and CDX2 in pig ICSI blastocysts. Conclusions Assisted oocyte activation with PHEN does not affect the preimplantation development of ICSI-derived pig embryos. Implications These results hold significance in refining and advancing the application of assisted oocyte activation techniques. They offer insights into addressing fertility issues and propelling advancements in human and animal reproductive medicine.
Shedding light on predator detections: evaluating the impact of camera-trap flash type for feral cat monitoring through in-field observations
Authors: Paton Alexandra J. , Buettel Jessie C. , Brook Barry W.
Published: September 2024

White flash camera-traps are avoided in predator monitoring as they are assumed to lower redetection, despite infrared cameras producing lower-quality night images thus limiting the scope for individual identification and, consequently, the accuracy of density estimates. We sought to determine whether flash type impacts the behaviour of cats (Felis catus). We identified different behavioural responses exhibited by photographed cats, and quantitatively assessed relative activity, redetection rates, and the activity of specific individuals using 11,389 images of feral cats from 62 white flash and 62 infrared camera-traps across Tasmania. We found no difference in the relative activity of cats between flash types (odds ratio of 0.90, [null expectation = 1], CI = 0.55, 1.47), and there was no evidence of a reduction in redetection rate of feral cats following initial detection (odds ratio = 0.83, CI = 0.47, 1.46). The activity of individuals was similar between white flash (average = 0.026, CI = 0.021, 0.032), and infrared cameras (average = 0.028, CI = 0.022, 0.035). White flash cameras appear suitable for monitoring feral cats without resulting in a negative bias, highlighting the need for researchers to critically examine assumptions regarding best methodology.
Spontaneous assembly of condensate networks during the demixing of structured fluids
Authors: Morimitsu Yuma , Browne Christopher A. , Liu Zhe , Severino Paul G. , Gopinadhan Manesh , Sirota Eric B. , Altintas Ozcan , Edmond Kazem V. , Osuji Chinedum O.
Published: September 2024

Liquid–liquid phase separation, whereby two liquids spontaneously demix, is ubiquitous in industrial, environmental, and biological processes. While isotropic fluids are known to condense into spherical droplets in the binodal region, these dynamics are poorly understood for structured fluids. Here, we report the unique observation of condensate networks, which spontaneously assemble during the demixing of a mesogen from a solvent. Condensing mesogens form rapidly elongating filaments, rather than spheres, to relieve distortion of an internal smectic mesophase. As filaments densify, they collapse into bulged discs, lowering the elastic free energy. Additional distortion is relieved by retraction of filaments into the discs, which are straightened under tension to form a ramified network. Understanding and controlling these dynamics may provide different avenues to direct pattern formation or template materials.
Discourse of self-legitimation
Authors: Brusenbauch Meislová Monika
Published: September 2024

The article proposes an original conceptual framework that captures the discursive logic of self-legitimation and
applies it to the empirical case of European Union soft law and the process of Brexit. Adopting the general orientation of
Discourse Historical Approach in Critical Discourse Analysis and working with a dataset of all European Parliament (EP)
resolutions on Brexit in the 2016–2023 period, the article investigates how, and interprets the particular ways in which, the EP
legitimised itself as an actor vis-à-vis Brexit, through different linguistic and discursive devices in its resolutions. The
analysis illustrates that the EP’s use of soft law for self-legitimation purposes is an intriguing case of how legal instruments
can be leveraged in multifaceted ways beyond their traditional function for broader communicative and political purposes. As such,
the article extends the traditional understanding of the purposes of EP resolutions by explicitly acknowledging them as powerful
discursive resources for self-legitimation.
Subverting EU legal concepts
Authors: Luining Michiel , Van Hout Tom
Published: September 2024

This paper analyzes how Hungarian constitutional court rulings subvert EU legal discourse. Drawing on legal
studies and discourse studies, we examine how the Fidesz-KDNP regime leverages the Hungarian Constitutional Court to curtail the
rights of asylum seekers and migrants within an evolving EU legal framework of identity recognition. We show how an illiberal
agenda was enacted in a populist constitutional imaginary that, instead of outright rejecting established legal concepts, inflects
these concepts with subversive new meanings. Our analysis reveals how the legal principles of the rule of law, human dignity,
sincere cooperation and EU constitutional identity are recontextualized to legitimize a politically exclusionary agenda and
redefine the moral boundaries of political inclusion and exclusion within the EU.
Sensescapes in multilingual environments
Authors: Prada Josh
Published: September 2024

Sensescapes refer to the complex multimodal and semiotic assemblages that confer meaning to space as experienced
by individuals and groups. The study of sensescapes seeks to understand the nature of these assemblages, how they shape meaning,
and with them, individual and collective experiences. This article unpacks sensescapes as an expansive lens to meaning in space,
underscoring its potential to investigate the nexus between language and culture. To that end, it integrates existing proposals in
linguistic landscapes and translanguaging, and connects them to a working definition of sensescapes drawn from various social
sciences and humanities fields. To illustrate the study of sensescapes and their relevance to applied linguistics, the article
reports on a case study conducted in the Al-Kissaria district of Nador, Morocco through participatory ethnography. The study
provides a phenomenological account of the experiences of two multilingual sisters from neighboring Melilla, Spain, as they
navigate a market area. The data illustrate how the sisters’ sensory interactions with the environment interplay with their
linguistic and broader semiotic repertoires, activating their previous experiences and shaping their conceptualizations and
negotiation of language and culture in this space.
Do machines and humans translate in the same sense?
Authors: Mossop Brian
Published: September 2024

Human and machine translation share several features, one of which is actions that are not motivated by meaning.
In addition, the human process often consists initially in the semi-conscious production of literal translations that are only
weakly motivated by meaning. A definition of the translation process is proposed, based on these features. Since key words in the
definition are ‘matter’ and ‘meaning’, I suggest a speculative view of how matter and meaning are connected in the mind. I
tentatively conclude that the answer to the title question is yes. The argument is bolstered by textual examples of both human and
machine translation.
Phase transition investigation of ferroelectric and dielectric properties of (NH
2
CH
2
COOH)3

H

2

SO

4

crystal using green function method and two sublattice PLCM model Hamiltonian
Authors: Iqbal Khan Muzaffar , Upadhyay Riya , Chandra Upadhyay Trilok , Asghar Shah Ali
Published: September 2024

The Greens function technique and extended two sublattice pseudospin lattice coupled-mode (PLCM) model Hamiltonian have been applied to study the phase transition mechanism in

(

NH

2

CH

2

COOH
)

3

H

2

SO

4

compound. The two sublattice PLCM model Hamiltonian is modified by considering anharmonic phonon interactions, extra spin-lattice interactions, and an external applied electric field term. By using the double-time thermal-dependent Green function technique, the theoretical equations for the total shift, total width, normal mode frequency, transition temperature, relative permittivity, dielectric tangent loss, acoustic attenuation and spontaneous polarization are derived. By fitting the distinct model parameters in the theoretical equations, we calculated the temperature dependence of normal mode frequency, relative permittivity, tangent loss, acoustic attenuation and spontaneous polarization. The numerically obtained results are hold well and correlated with experimental data.
Enhanced capability of model fitting to nuclear level density and heat capacity: testing on 93−98Mo nuclei
Authors: Ngoc Anh Nguyen , Nhut Huan Phan , Quang Hung Nguyen , Xuan Hai Nguyen
Published: September 2024

We propose an improved fitting approach that improves reliability in studying the nuclear level density (NLD) and thermodynamic quantities. The proposed method, which relies on the fact that experimental fluctuations or outliers, if they exist, should not be involved in the fitting process, is validated with a set of data artificially generated with anomalous data points being intentionally inserted. In order to showcase the advantages of the proposed technique, we have applied it to re-investigate the back-shifted Fermi gas (BSFG) level density parameters and thermodynamic quantities, particularly the heat capacities, of 93−98Mo isotopes. We have found that the range of values for the level density parameter of 93Mo (approximately from 8.5 to 9.0 MeV−1) is notably smaller than that obtained for the other isotopes of Mo (approximately from 10.5 to 11.5 MeV−1). This observation is different from previous predictions, in which the values of level density parameter of all Mo isotopes are in the same range. This is because among the Mo isotopes under examination, 93Mo (N = 51 neutrons) has the smallest number of valence neutrons, namely only a single neutron away from the closed N = 50 shell. In addition, thanks to the proposed method, we have discussed the effects of data fluctuations on the BSFG NLDs and thermodynamic quantities of 93−98Mo isotopes, from which our recommendation for future works is announced. On top of that, we should notice that the proposed approach can be further applied to any work involving the fitting of a phenomenological model to empirical data.
Multi-image encryption based on 3D space scrambling and new spatiotemporal chaotic system
Authors: Hanrui Lu , Teng Lin , Du Longbiao
Published: September 2024

This paper introduces a groundbreaking spatiotemporal chaotic system, named DCMLMDF, and a novel encryption method that synergizes scrambling and diffusion synchronization for multi-image encryption. The DCMLMDF system, which incorporates a dynamic coupling approach and a random delay feedback mechanism, significantly enhances the randomness and complexity of the encryption process. By applying this system within the newly designed multi-image encryption framework, the method achieves three-dimensional space scrambling and diffusion synchronization, overcoming traditional encryption challenges such as extended encryption time and periodic vulnerabilities. The results demonstrate that this innovative approach not only effectively confuses image data but also substantially improves overall system security, marking a significant advancement in the application of chaotic systems to image encryption.
Growth temperature-dependent properties of electrodeposited CdSe thin films for optoelectronic application
Authors: Yimamu A U , Yagoub M Y A , Dejene B F , Echendu O K , Terblans J J , Kroon R E , Motloung S J
Published: September 2024

Cadmium selenide (CdSe) thin films were synthesized using a two-electrode electrodeposition technique in potentiostatic mode. The solution matrix contains 0.3 M Cd(NO3)2.4H2O and 0.03 M SeO2 on conductive glass substrates/fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO). The electrodeposited CdSe thin films were examined at various growth temperatures of 55, 65, and 85 °C, both as-deposited (AD) and annealed (HT) samples. A polycrystalline cubic structure of the prepared CdSe thin films was identified using x-ray powder diffraction. The energy bandgap of films was found to vary with deposition temperature and was recorded as 1.85, 2.00, and 2.13 eV for AD and 1.86, 2.16 and 2.70 eV for HT samples deposited at 55, 65, and 85 °C, respectively. Surface morphology images show that the form and grain size varied with growth temperature. The average surface roughness varied with deposition temperature. The elemental analysis confirmed that the proportion of cadmium (Cd) increased while that of Se decreased as the deposition temperature increased for both AD and HT films. The film that was deposited at low temperature (55 °C) can be as a layer for absorption. Conversely, however the film deposited at a high growth temperature (85 °C) is capable of serving as a buffer layer in thin-film solar cell technology.
Surface modification of carbon fibres via plasma-activated water for mitigating burnout risk from direct plasma treatment
Authors: Ma Leisi , Liu Yongle , Guo Xuanying , Guo Ying , Xu Shaofeng , Shi Jianjun
Published: September 2024

This study presents a novel plasma jet discharge device designed to indirectly treat carbon fibre materials with plasma-activated water. This innovative method effectively mitigates issues related to carbon fibre conduction and combustion, which are common challenges encountered when directly modifying fibres using a plasma jet. Specifically, the atmospheric composition is adjusted to modulate the active particles in the liquid phase. The experimental results demonstrate that this technique significantly increases the surface wettability of carbon fibres without damaging their structure. Under the conditions of argon/oxygen cascade discharge, oxygen-containing substances generate ionomers that activate the water, which in turn introduces oxygen-containing groups (e.g., C−O, C=O, O−C=O) onto the carbon fibre surface. These groups catalyse monomer polymerisation on the material surface, which increases the wettability of the carbon fibres, as evidenced by a significant reduction in the water contact angle from 80.12° to 55.31°. This in turn improves the bonding strength with epoxy resin and slightly increases the monofilament strength. Furthermore, composites produced by this method exhibit 21% higher interlaminar shear strength than the untreated sample and an increased O/C ratio of up to 24.55%. In summary, these findings provide a valuable theoretical basis for enhancing the surface properties of carbon fibre composites through plasma–liquid interactions and open new possibilities for high-performance carbon fibre–resin matrix composites.
The exact solution of the Wegner flow equation with the Mielke generator for 3 × 3 hermitian matrices
Authors: Masłowski Tomasz
Published: September 2024

The Wegner flow equation is a differential equation for a family of Hamiltonians and can be considered as a continuous unitary transformation. In essence, the transformation continuously decouples degrees of freedom and gradually converts the transformed Hamiltonian into the near-diagonal form. The Wegner flow equation has so far been applied to many areas of physics, but mainly in perturbative calculations. However, the exact solutions are known only for the simplest of two-dimensional case and this certainly limits the practical application of the method. On the other hand, the knowledge of exact solutions is essential for many physical problems as well as it can help in constructing improved approximated approaches. In this paper we present the exact solution of the Wegner flow equation with the Mielke generator for 3 × 3 Hermitian matrices, the general solutions for N × N tridiagonal Hermitian matrices and partially for 4 × 4 real symmetric matrices.
An ab initio and monte carlo study of MS2/VS2 (M=Mo, W) ferromagnetic bilayer with negative magnetoresistance in MoS2/VS2 heterostructure
Authors: Lahiri Saurav , Kumar Manish , R Thangavel
Published: September 2024

Herein, the electronic and magnetic properties of ferromagnetic van der Waals MS2/VS2 (M=Mo, W) heterostructures, investigated using density functional theory (DFT) and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are reported. Stability was confirmed via interlayer binding energy, and electronic band structure analysis revealed an indirect band gap with staggered (type II) heterojunctions. The systems exhibit potential for opto-spintronics devices due to large band offsets in both spin channels. Ferromagnetic ground states were identified with Curie temperatures of 299 K and 301 K for MoS2/VS2 and WS2/VS2, respectively. Biaxial strain studies indicated that while WS2/VS2 transitions to half-metallic behavior under tensile strain beyond 1%, the Curie temperatures decrease under both compressive and tensile strains, demonstrating tunable magnetic properties. Additionally, MoS2/VS2 heterostructures fabricated via drop casting exhibited negative magnetoresistance, suggesting potential in spintronics applications.
Electrolyte impact on supercapacitors made off Ni2O3-Ni2S3 decorating graphitic carbon nitride
Authors: Ben Gouider Trabelsi Amira , Alkallas Fatemah H , Esayed Asma M , Rabia Mohamed
Published: September 2024

Utilizing the hydrothermal method, we have successfully synthesized a promising composite material by adorning Ni2O3-Ni2S3 onto graphitic carbon nitride (G-C3N4). This composite’s structural and morphological characteristics were thoroughly examined through various analytical parameters. SEM and TEM images depict the incorporation of Ni2O3-Ni2S3 onto the 2D sheets of G-C3N4. Employing this nanocomposite, we have fabricated a supercapacitor with symmetric electrodes. Whatman filter paper, saturated with different electrolytes—HCl, Na2SO4, and KOH—was the separator between the electrodes. A series of tests were conducted to assess the electrical performance of the supercapacitor, including charge/discharge cycles, cyclic voltammetry, impedance, and lifetime measurements. At a current density of 0.3 A g−1, distinct charge and discharge times were observed for each electrolyte: 790 s for HCl, 140 s for Na2SO4, and 358 s for KOH. The supercapacitor’s energy density (E) varied depending on the electrolyte employed. Similarly, HCl achieved optimal performance, yielding the E value of 84.8 W.h.kg-1. Conversely, Na2SO4 showed reduced values at 9.5 W.h.kg−1, while KOH had the lowest values at 5.5 W.h.kg−1. The results unmistakably establish that the supercapacitor’s performance adheres to the HCl > Na2SO4 > KOH sequence concerning the electrolytes used. Looking ahead, our team aims to advance toward developing a prototype for a supercapacitor, positioning it as a viable alternative to traditional batteries in energy storage applications.
A novel remaining useful life prediction based on transfer hybrid deep neural network under variable working conditions
Authors: Xia Yunzhong , Li Wanxiang , Ren Weijia
Published: September 2024

Deep learning-based methods for remaining useful life prediction (RUL) usually require the precondition that the training and test data obey the same distribution. In engineering applications, mechanical equipment is frequently under different working conditions, which can lead to significant differences in the distribution of collected data and difficulties in obtaining labels. This paper proposed a novel RUL prediction method based on transfer hybrid deep neural network to solve the above problems. Firstly, a degradation feature extraction strategy and a clustering hybrid feature screening strategy are proposed to enrich the information content of degradation features and obtain manual features with significant degradation trends. Then, a multi-stage shrinkage attention temporal convolution network is used to adaptively extract strongly expressive and information-rich deep features from the raw data. Next, a bidirectional convolutional gated recurrent unit based on bidirectional learning and convolutional operations is designed to achieve the fusion of manual and deep features and improve the quality of degradation features. Finally, the unsupervised domain adaptation strategy is used to reduce the differences in the distribution of degradation features between training and test data and to achieve feature alignment. This paper validates the effectiveness of the proposed method on six transfer tasks. The experimental results show that the RUL prediction effectiveness of the proposed method is better than other methods.
Soliton dynamics in partially

P
T

-symmetric two-dimensional Bessel lattices
Authors: Felix-Rendon Ulises , Iakushev Denis , Bilal Muhammad Musavir , Lopez-Aguayo Servando
Published: September 2024

We study the dynamics of two-dimensional spatial solitons supported by partially-parity-time (

P
P
T

)-symmetric optical Bessel lattices. We show that these solitons with an imposed tilt can follow an oscillating or even a whole rotary trajectory in the transverse plane guided by a Bessel optical lattice. Due to the complex optical potential, these rotary solitons can also suffer from amplification or attenuation. Interestingly, we found that it is possible to find quasi-stability regions of parameters where there is a balance between the imposed tilt and the

P
P
T

-symmetric potential, allowing the launched spatial dissipative solitons to complete several rotations in their propagation.
Chirped grating for TE-five/TM-three reflective distribution feature
Authors: Xu Yuqing , Wang Bo , Zhan Hongwei , Li Jinjie
Published: September 2024

This research expounds on a novel reflective chirped grating, characterized by its differentiated functionality under various polarization modes. Under perpendicular incidence, this intricately grating produces a quintuple-channel diffraction output of the 0th, ±1st, and ±2nd orders in transverse electric (TE) polarization and a triple-channel diffraction output of the 0th and ±1st orders in transverse magnetic (TM) polarization. Both polarization modes exhibit excellent overall diffraction efficiency and uniformity. At an incident wavelength of 1550 nm, the diffraction efficiencies for the 0th, ±1st, and ±2nd orders under TE polarization are 20.16%, 19.27%, and 20.25%, respectively. Simultaneously, under TM polarization, the efficiencies for the 0th and ±1st orders are 31.79% and 31.57%, respectively. Grating parameters were meticulously derived using the finite element method (FEM) and subsequently corroborated through rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) to ensure superior grating accuracy. The study also exhaustively analyzes the manufacturing tolerances and robustness of the grating, affirming its practical applicability and effectiveness in practical applications. The dual-function grating splitter proposed in this paper enables the implementation of multiple functionalities within simple setups, suitable for applications requiring varied beam splitting. As photonic systems and fiber technology evolve, the potential applications of dual-function reflective splitters in these fields are increasingly highlighted.
Simulations of distributed-phase-reference quantum key distribution protocols
Authors: Abhignan Venkat , Jamunkar Abhishek , Nair Gokul , Mittal Mohit , Shrivastava Megha
Published: September 2024

Quantum technology can enable secure communication for cryptography purposes using quantum key distribution. Quantum key distribution protocol establishes a secret key between two users with security guaranteed by the laws of quantum mechanics. To define the proper implementation of a quantum key distribution system using a particular cryptography protocol, it is crucial to critically and meticulously assess the device’s performance due to technological limitations in the components used. We perform simulations on the ANSYS Interconnect platform to study the practical implementation of these devices using distributed-phase-reference protocols: differential-phase-shift and coherent-one-way quantum key distribution. Further, we briefly describe and simulate some possible eavesdropping attempts, backflash attack, trojan-horse attack and detector-blinding attack exploiting the device imperfections. The ideal simulations of these hacking attempts show how partial or complete secret key can be exposed to an eavesdropper, which can be mitigated by the implementation of discussed countermeasures.
Neutron stars in f(R,T) theory: slow rotation approximation
Authors: Murshid Masum , Kalam Mehedi
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we study the slowly rotating neutron stars in f(R, T) gravity based on Hartle-Thorne formalism. We first consider the simplest matter-geometry coupled modified gravity, namely f(R, T) = R + 2χ
T. We compute the mass, radius, moment of inertia, change in radius, and binding energy due to rotation, eccentricity, quadrupole moment, and the tidal love number. The quantities, which are of the second order in angular velocity, like change in radius and binding energy due to rotation, eccentricity, and quadrupole moment, deviate more from their corresponding general relativistic counterparts in lighter neutron stars than heavier ones. Whereas the moment of inertia, which is of the first order in angular velocity, in f(R, T) = R + 2χ
T modified gravity, barely diverges from the general relativistic one. The Equation of state-independent I-Love-Q relation retains in this f(R, T) modified gravity, and it coincides with the general relativistic ones within less than one percent even for the maximum allowed coupling parameters. We also study the slowly rotating neutron star in f(R, T) = R + αR
2 + 2χT up to first order their angular velocity. We calculate the mass, radius, and moment of inertia of neutron stars in this modified gravity. The results show that the impact of the matter-geometric coupling parameter is greater on lighter neutron stars in both of these modified gravity models.
The rotating solutions beyond the spontaneous scalarization in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory
Authors: Xiong Wei , Zhang Cheng-Yong , Li Peng-Cheng
Published: September 2024

The Einstein-Maxwell-scalar (EMS) theory with a quartic coupling function features three branches of fundamental black hole (BH) solutions, labeled as cold, hot, and bald black holes. The static bald black holes (the Reissner-Nordström BH) exhibit an intriguing nonlinear instability beyond the spontaneous scalarization. We study the rotating scalarized black hole solutions in the EMS model with a quartic coupling function through the spectral method numerically. The domain of existence for the scalarized BHs is presented in the spin-charge region. We found that the rotating solutions for both the two scalarized branches possess similar thermodynamic behavior compared to the static case while varying the electric charge. The BH spin enlarges the thermodynamic differences between the cold and hot branches. The profile of the metric function and the scalar field for the scalarized BHs is depicted, which demonstrates that the scalar field concentrates more on the equatorial plane in contrast to the axisymmetric region as the spin increases.