bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DISPARAGEMENT OF A BUSINESS, ITS PRODUCTS OR ITS SERVICES: FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION OF CONSUMERS AND THE PUBLIC
Authors: J Neethling  , JM Potgieter
Published: September 2022

In two recent cases of the Supreme Court of Appeal which attracted much attention in the media as the so-called “Worst 4 x 4 x Far [Isuzu bakkie]” and “Black Labour [Black Label], White Guilt [Carling Beer]” cases (Delta Motor Corporation (Pty) Ltd v Van der Merwe 2004 6 SA 185 (SCA) and Laugh it Off Promotions CC v South African Breweries International (Finance) BV t/a Sabmark International 2005 2 SA 46 (SCA)), the following question arose: to what extent is the public (consumers and private undertakings) free to disparage the business, products or services (including trade marks) of an entrepreneur? Two forms of delict may be relevant in this regard: first, nondefamatory disparagement which infringes the goodwill of a business, irrespective of whether the disparagement is false (so-called injurious falsehood) or true; and, second, defamation of a business enterprise (including its goods or services). (In passing, it may also be mentioned that in instances of passing off and leaning on as forms of unlawful competition, where an entrepreneur misappropriates a rival’s distinctive or advertising marks, disparagement may (indirectly) even lie in the fact that the perpetrator’s own performance is of a bad quality and that the public, because of their contact with this performance, forms a lower opinion of therival's performance as a result of the association between the two performances (see Van Heerden and Neethling Unlawful Competition (1995) 181 fn 184, 195, 203 fn 19 and 283). The aggrieved party may suffer damage as a result of such injury to its business reputation and consequent loss of custom (see eg Brian Boswell Circus (Pty) Ltd v Boswell-Wilkie Circus (Pty) Ltd 1985 4 SA 466 (A) 478; Capital Estate and General Agencies (Pty) Ltd v Holiday Inns Inc 1977 2 SA 916 (A) 931-932; Truck and Car Co Ltd v Kar-N-Truk Auctions 1954 4 SA 552 (A) 559; Volkskas Bpk v Barclays Bank (DC&O) 1952 3 SA 343 (A) 347; and Lorimar Productions Inc v Sterling Clothing Manufacturers (Pty) Ltd, Lorimar Productions Inc v OK Hyperama Ltd, Lorimar Productions Inc v Dallas Restaurant 1981 3 SA 1129 (T) 1138). These forms of disparagement are, however, not relevant to the present discussion.)
NEW WESTERN CAPE TOURISM LEGISLATION
Authors: Patrick Vrancken
Published: September 2022

The Western Cape Province, and especially the area around the Cape Peninsula, is one of the major tourist attractions of South Africa. This has been the case for much longer than in many other parts of the country. As a result, the Western Cape tourism industry is comparatively very well established and developed to the extent that tourism is a very substantial element of the provincial economy and a significant focus area of the provincial government. This was reflected in the relative sophistication of the first tourism legislation passed in the province: the Western Cape Tourism Act (3 of 1997). However, a range of factors, including political and economic ones, led quickly to a reform process that produced a Western Cape Tourism Bill in 2000 (PG 5497 of 2000-05-17) as well as the CapeTown Tourism and Events Company in 2003. (An association incorporated under s 21 of the Companies Act (Registration Number 2003/0044604/08) and hereinafter referred to as “the Company”.) That process culminated with the passing of the Western Cape Tourism Act (1 of 2004), that repealed the 1997 Act (s 25) when it came into effect on 1 April 2004 (s 26 read with Proclamation 5/2004 in PG 6116 of 2004-03-19). The aim of this contribution is to discuss this new piece of legislation, comparing it wherever appropriatewith the 1997 Act and the 2000 Bill.
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LEGAL AID 6-8 April 2005
Authors: Obiter
Published: September 2022

N/A
From Law Firm to Library: Finding a Second Career as a Copyright Specialist
Authors: Dickson Kate
Published: September 2022

My first job out of law school was as an associate at a big DC law firm, where I rotated through the firm’s pro bono and education practice groups. After a couple of years in DC, I moved to a smaller firm in my home town of Chapel Hill, North Carolina—I learned a lot at the big firm, but I wanted to experience a community law practice where I could see my clients across the desk and advocate for them in a more personal way. I took on a wide variety of cases, and rather serendipitously, while volunteering for the local arts commission, I came to represent several local artists in small-scale copyright matters. My interest in copyright was piqued, and I started looking for ways to incorporate more of this work into my practice. I happen to have a few family members who are librarians, and I live in a town with a great library school. I made appointments to talk with several law librarians and library copyright specialists, and decided to apply to library school. While I was in library school, I interned at two law libraries and also at Duke’s copyright office, and after graduating I was lucky enough to find a job as a copyright librarian. I’ve found that working as a copyright librarian incorporates many of the things I loved about practicing law—my one-on-one copyright consultations with faculty and other members of the campus community have the personal feel of client meetings at a small law firm, while the issues we deal with have the interest and import of big firm matters. I also get to work closely with my general counsel’s office, so I feel well supported on tricky questions. I keep my law license active so that I can volunteer on other issues I care about, such as voting rights. I hope this story will be helpful to anyone currently practicing law who might be interested in finding a fulfilling second career that allows them to use their legal education and practice experience in a new way.
The Theory of Planned Behavior and Food Choice Questionnaire toward Organic Food of Millennials in Vietnam
Authors:   People&Global Business Association, Hoang Hung Cuong , Chovancová Miloslava , Hoang Thi Que Huong
Published: September 2022

Purpose: People have become more aware of environmental issues in their community, which has changed their food choices and how they buy green products, especially organic food. This study aimed to combine the food choice questionnaire (FCQ) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to examine the effect of the food choice questionnaire on customers' attitude related to the purchase intention of millennials in Vietnam.
Design/methodology/approach: Data is collected from the three most prominent cities in Vietnam with 520 millennial respondents. The data is tested against the research model using structural equation modeling with SMART-PLS 3.2.
Findings: The results indicate that the food choice questionnaire significantly affects customers' attitude toward the organic food of millennials in Vietnam. Moreover, the investigation confirmed the theory of planned behavior toward organic food purchasing of millennials in Vietnam.
Research limitations/implications: For the limitation, organic food is studied in this investigation exclusively within a certain geographic area. For the academic implication, the contributions of this investigation are that it updates impacts of the food choice questionnaire based on the TPB in the context of millennials' intentions to purchase organic food in Vietnam. This study can enrich the literature on the combination of FCQ and TPB in the study of consumers' choice of organic food products. For the practical implication, businesses will comprehend the significance of the food choice questionnaire for millennials in Vietnam who intend to purchase organic food. For future research, the practitioners can use this study's model to examined in a variety of contexts, such as concerning eco-friendly items. In addition, this model can generally be applied to other food products such as conventional food, safety food, and products in restaurants or food stores. For academicians, the model can extend and develop additional constructs related to personality. For example, combining the big five personality traits, FCQ, and the TPB will further investigate which customer personality influences the intention to purchase food products.
Originality/value: Contribute to the extension of TPB with the combination of FCQ and TPB and the study of millennials in Vietnam toward organic food purchasing intention.
POST-COVID TOURISMS: VIRTUAL TOURISMS AS THE NEW TRAVEL TRENDS
Authors: Tambi Noordeyana , Safei Mawar , Rozali Ermy Azziaty
Published: September 2022

This conceptual paper discussed about the COVID-19 pandemic caused many industries to face their downfall, and one of the industries is the tourism industry. As a corollary, a new type of tourism, virtual tourism, is required to promote and restore the tourist sector to its former glory while not dismissing the need for social distancing. Through virtual tourism, people no longer need to travel to a particular tourist destination to experience tourism, but they can now stay at their home and escape to another destination virtually. Aside from giving tourists another level of tourism pleasure, virtual tourism also contributes a lot to the industries such as heritage preservation, tourism marketing, tourism planning and as an opportunity for disabled person to experience tourism. Even though virtual reality technology does not provide the users with enough authentic experience due to the inability to touch the object in the virtual environment, but it can be considered as a good start to advertise virtual tourism as an alternative to conventional tourism especially during the pandemic era where every movement is limited.
SEJARAH DAN PENGALAMAN HUBUNGAN ETNIK DI SABAH: KESEPADUAN DALAM KEPELBAGAIAN
Authors: Lukin @ Lokin Siti Aidah , Sintang Suraya , Johnes Johan
Published: September 2022

Mewujudkan bangsa Malaysia yang bersatu padu adalah agenda yang sangat penting bagi negara Malaysia yang mempunyai penduduk pelbagai etnik. Pelbagai usaha telah dilaksanakan oleh pihak kerajaan khususnya bagi memupuk hubungan etnik yang harmoni dalam kalangan rakyat serta mengukuhkan integrasi nasional antara Semenanjung Malaysia, Sabah dan Sarawak. Meskipun usaha tersebut dilaksanakan secara berterusan, namun apabila diteliti keadaan hubungan etnik dalam kalangan penduduk di negara ini, wujud pandangan dan tanggapan umum tentang hubungan etnik di Sabah adalah baik berbanding keadaan hubungan etnik di Semenanjung Malaysia. Pernyataan ini seringkali diungkapkan dalam ucapan para pemimpin politik sama ada yang datang dari Semenanjung Malaysia mahu pun pemimpin tempatan di Sabah dan dilaporkan oleh akhbar tempatan. Malah rakyat Malaysia di negeri-negeri yang lain diseru untuk mencontohi keharmonian hubungan etnik di Sabah. Pendekatan utama kajian ini adalah kualitatif yang menggunakan datadata sekunder daripada bahan-bahan rujukan yang telah diterbitkan seperti buku, bab dalam buku dan artikel daripada jurnal berindeks atau tidak berindeks ternasuk sumber jurnal atas talian. Daripada kajian-kajian lepas yang dirujuk, pelbagai faktor sosial seperti amalan budaya, adat tradisi, agama, kepercayaan, amalan harian, dan perkahwinan campur adalah antara faktor yang saling berkaitan serta dapat membuktikan bahawa hubungan etnik yang baik dan toleransi etnik di Sabah adalah tinggi. Kajian yang berterusan wajar dilaksanakan bagi mengupas faktor-faktor lain agar dapat menambah maklumat yang sedia ada. Faktor yang tidak kurang pentingnya dan harus diketengahkan ialah tentang sejarah dan perkembangan masyarakat Sabah seiring dengan perubahan sistem pentadbiran dan perkembangan sosioekonomi negeri ini yang memberi kesan kepada hubungan etnik dalam kalangan penduduknya. Justeru, makalah ini cuba memfokuskan perbincangan tentang faktor-faktor tersebut dan kaitannya dengan keadaan serta pengalaman hubungan etnik yang harmoni di Sabah dalam konteks kesepaduan dalam kepelbagaian.
Okul Öncesi Eğitim Ortamları ile İlgili Yapılan Lisansüstü Tezlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: ERBİL KAYA Özlem Melek , KAPTAN Nilay , SARIOĞLAN Seda , SOMUNCU Büşra
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı okul öncesi eğitim ortamları ile ilgili ulusal ve uluslararası alanda yapılmış yüksek lisans ve doktora tezlerinin incelenmesidir. Bu bağlamda 2011-2020 yılları arasında yapılan 114 lisansüstü tez incelenmiştir. Araştırmada veriler doküman incelemesi yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Lisansüstü tezlere ulaşmak için kullanılan veri tabanları amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden uygun örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilmiştir. Araştırmanın veri kaynaklarını “BASE (Bielefeld Academic Search Engine)”, “OATD (Open Access Theses & Dissertations)”, “NZResearch.org.nz”, “ProQuest Dissertations and Theses “, “OpenDissertations.org”, “EThOS”, “DiVA”, “Trove” ve “Ulusal Tez Merkezi” veri tabanları oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında toplamda 114 teze ulaşılmıştır. Ulaşılan yüksek lisans ve doktora tezlerini incelemek üzere araştırmacılar tarafından çalışmanın amacına yönelik bir “Tez İnceleme Formu” geliştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonunda ulaşılan tezlerin 76’sının yüksek lisans 38’inin ise doktora tezi olduğu saptanmıştır. İncelenen tezlerin büyük çoğunluğunun eğitim alanında yapıldığı, araştırma yöntemi olarak en çok nitel araştırma yönteminin tercih edildiği görülmüştür. Örneklem kitlesine göre dağılımları bakımından tezlerde en çok çocuklar ve öğretmenlerle çalışmalar yapılmıştır. İncelenen tezlerde veri toplama aracı olarak en çok görüşme ve gözlem yöntemlerinin tercih edildiği görülmüştür. Tezlerin sonuçlarına bakıldığında okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarındaki yetersizliklerin belirlendiği ve çocukların doğal ortam ve yapılandırılmamış materyalleri seçtiği çalışmaların çoğunlukta olduğu görülmüştür. Son olarak incelenen tezlerin önerilerinde öğretmenlere hizmet öncesi/hizmet içi eğitim verilmesinin sıklıkla tekrarlandığı bulunmuştur.
Öğrencilerin Matematiksel Üstbiliş ve Problem Kurma Öz-Yeterliklerinin Bazı Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: ARSLAN İsmail , ÇELİK Halil Coşkun
Published: September 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrencilerinin matematiksel üstbiliş farkındalıkları ve problem kurma öz-yeterlik düzeylerini belirlemek, ayrıca üstbiliş farkındalık ve öz-yeterliklerini cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi, sosyo-ekonomik durum ve matematik başarı düzeyi değişkenlerine göre karşılaştırmaktır. Araştırma ilişkisel tarama modellerinden nedensel karşılaştırma yaklaşımında tasarlanmıştır. Araştırma 5., 6., 7. ve 8. sınıflarda öğrenim gören 462 ortaokul öğrencisi üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Veri toplama aracı olarak “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Problem Kurma Öz-yeterlik Ölçeği” ve “Matematiksel Üstbiliş Farkındalık Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Bağımsız Örneklem t-Testi, Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi ve Pearson Momentler Çarpımı Korelasyon Katsayısı kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, öğrencilerin matematiksel üstbiliş farkındalıkları ve problem kurma öz-yeterlikleri yüksek düzeyde bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin matematiksel üstbiliş farkındalıkları ve problem kurma öz-yeterlikleri arasında sınıf düzeyi ve ailenin sosyo-ekonomik durumuna göre anlamlı farkın olmadığı, cinsiyet ve matematik başarısı açısından ise anlamlı bir farkın olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca matematiksel üstbiliş ve problem kurma öz-yeterliği arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin matematiksel üstbiliş farkındalıkları ve problem kurma öz-yeterliklerini geliştirmeye yönelik etkinlikler cinsiyet ve matematik başarısı farklılıkları dikkate alınarak hazırlanmalıdır.
Theoretical and methodological fundamentals of psychological stability problematics of the Armed Forces of Ukraine personnel conditioned by the russian federation armed aggression
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kravchenko К.
Published: September 2022

The subject of this article is framed by the current threats and challenges, namely the conduct of hostilities in eastern Ukraine and disappointing predictions about the potential start of a full-scale offensive of Russian troops on our country. In such circumstances, it can be argued that the issue of psychological stability of the Armed Forces of Ukraine is important, relevant and urgent in its solution. It should be noted that the psychological resilience of the personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (and other law enforcement agencies) is one of the important factors in the reliability and effectiveness of activities during hostilities and the impact of other various hybrid threats. The purpose of the article is to analyze the scientific developments, their generalization and substantiation of the necessary recommendations for improving the existing system of formation, provision and restoration of psychological stability of the personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Considering the issue of psychological stability of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, the authors of the article set themselves the following tasks: 1) to summarize the views of domestic and foreign researchers on psychological stability as a subject of research; 2) to determine the set of stress factors in relation to which it is necessary to form the psychological stability of the personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine; 3) consider the structure of psychological stability; 4) to analyze the features of the formation of psychological stability; 5) propose methods for assessing psychological resilience; 6) provide methodological recommendations for the formation and maintenance of psychological stability in modern hybrid threats.
Prospects for the development of the defense industry in the conditions of European and Euro-Atlantic Integration of Ukraine
Authors:   Central Research Institute of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, Marko І. , Marko Ye. ,   The National Defence University of Ukraine named after Ivan Chernyakhovskyi
Published: September 2022

The article considers the current state of the defense-industrial complex, features of its reform, the impact of international cooperation, European and Euro-Atlantic integration on the further development of the defense-industrial complex of Ukraine. An important indicator of ensuring the defense capability of the state and its preparation for defense is the state of the defense-industrial complex. In modern conditions, the defenseindustrial complex is not only a component of the national security and defense of the state, but also an important sector of the national economy, where significant production, intellectual and human resources are concentrated. The defense sector of the economy is a strategic element, therefore its development requires an integrated approach and effective public administration. The defense-industrial complex of Ukraine still has signs of a post-Soviet model, which reactive such shortcomings in the development of the sector as a weak level of response to problems and challenges, an unsatisfactory level of support for the defense forces of Ukraine, excessive dependence on funding from the State budget, nontransparency of the defense sector, low level of state management. An important modern stage in the development of the defense-industrial complex of Ukraine is its reform. The purpose of this reform is to transform the defense-industrial complex of Ukraine to effectively meet the needs of the security and defense forces and to promote the development of the state's economy. This can be done with the political will of the state leadership, as well as through the strengthening of international cooperation within the framework of European and Euro-Atlantic integration. This should increase the production, scientific, economic and export potential of the defense-industrial complex. Further research will be aimed at developing recommendations for improving the mechanisms of public administration of the defense-industrial complex in the context of European and Euro-Atlantic integration, as well as studying and substantiating the directions of attracting foreign direct investment in the defense-industrial complex of the state and creating ways to increase the export potential of the defense sector of the economy.
Comparison of Ensemble and Base Learner Algorithms for the Prediction of Machining Induced Residual Stresses in Turning of Aerospace Materials
Authors: BUYRUKOĞLU Selim , KESRİKLİOĞLU Sinan
Published: September 2022

Estimation of residual stresses is important to prevent the catastrophic failures of the components used in the aerospace industry. The objective of this work is to predict the machining induced residual stresses with bagging, boosting, and single-based machine learning models based on the design and cutting parameters used in turning of Inconel 718 and Ti6Al4V alloys. Experimentally measured residual stress data of these two materials was compiled from the literature including the surface material of the cutting tools, cooling conditions, rake angles as well as the cutting speed, feed, and width of cut to show the robustness of the models. These variables were also grouped with different combinations to clearly show the contribution and necessity of each element. Various predictive models in machine learning (AdaBoost, Random Forest, Artificial Neural Network, K-Neighbors Regressor, Linear Regressor) were then applied to estimate the residual stresses on the machined surfaces for the classified groups using the generated data. It was found that the AdaBoost algorithm was able to predict the machining induced residual stresses with the mean absolute errors of 18.1 MPa for IN718 alloy and 31.3 MPa for Ti6Al4V by taking into account all the variables while artificial neural network provides the lowest mean absolute errors for the Ti6Al4V alloy. On the other hand, linear regression model gives poor agreement with the experimental data. All the analyses showed that AdaBoost (boosting) ensemble learning, and artificial neural network models can be used for the prediction of the machining induced residual stresses with the small datasets of the IN718 and Ti6Al4V materials.
Dynamics of subjective student wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Vasileva Inna V. , Chumakov Michail V.
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Because the COVID-19 pandemic has continued for a long time, it has become necessary to explore the dynamics of mental health phenomena during this period.
AIM: To identify the dynamics of the emotional component of the subjective wellbeing of the personality of students in the psychological and pedagogical areas at various stages of the COVID-19 pandemic.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved 911 students in the psychological and pedagogical areas at the University of Tyumen, Kurgan State University, and Ural Federal University. The research method used was the scale of subjective wellbeing by Perrudet-Badoux as adapted by M.V. Sokolova. Measurements were taken in April 2020, May 2021, October 2021, and January 2022.
RESULTS: In April 2020, at the beginning of the pandemic, the university students had the lowest indicators of the emotional component of the subjective wellbeing of the individual. A year later, in May 2021, there was an increase in subjective wellbeing, which, however, was not statistically significant. The trend of improvement in subjective wellbeing continued for six months to October 2021, when it became significantly higher than when the pandemic began. At the fourth measurement in January 2022, subjective wellbeing had stabilized, indicating that the students had adapted to the conditions of the pandemic.
CONCLUSION: The emotional component of the subjective wellbeing of the personality of students was subject to dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic. During the two years of the pandemic, university students have adapted to the stressful situation of the pandemic as reflected by the improvement and stabilization of the emotional component of subjective wellbeing.
Progesterone and progesterone-induced blocking factor (PIBF) levels in non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: KIRLANGIÇ Mehmet Mete , ERASLAN ŞAHİN Mefkure , VURAL YALMAN Merve , AKDEMİR Esra , ÇÖL MADENDAĞ İlknur , SADE Osman Sertaç , KÜTÜK Serhan
Published: September 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the level of progesterone and progesterone-induced blocking factor (PIBF), an immune mediator, in non-obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Materials and Methods: Totally 72 patients were recruited into study and divided into 2 groups: The first group was patients diagnosed with PCOS (n = 36) and the second was the healthy control group (n=36). The diagnosis of PCOS was made according to Rotterdam diagnostic criteria. All patients were 18–35 years old and non-obese (body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m2). Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin (PRL), total testosterone, and dehydroepiandrostenedione sulfate (DHEA-S) levels were measured on the third day of the menstrual cycle. On the 21st day of the same menstrual period, fasting blood glucose, insulin, progesterone, and PIBF levels were measured.

Results: Demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants were similar between the two groups. Serum FSH, E2, TSH, PRL, DHEA-S, total testosterone, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and hemoglobin A1c values were similar between the groups. Differences in LH, LH/FSH ratio, serum progesterone, and serum PIBF were statistically significant.

Conclusion: Progesterone and PIBF levels decreased in non-obese PCOS patients. We suggest that even in the absence of obesity, which is the origin and enhancer of inflammation in PCOS, low PIBF as the underlying immunomodulator will drive complications.
Classification of colorectal cancer based on gene sequencing data with XGBoost model: An application of public health informatics
Authors: AKBULUT Sami , KÜÇÜKAKÇALI Zeynep , ÇOLAK Cemil
Published: September 2022

Purpose: This study aims to classify open-access colorectal cancer gene data and identify essential genes with the XGBoost method, a machine learning method.

Materials and Methods: The open-access colorectal cancer gene dataset was used in the study. The dataset included gene sequencing results of 10 mucosae from healthy controls and the colonic mucosa of 12 patients with colorectal cancer. XGboost, one of the machine learning methods, was used to classify the disease. Accuracy, balanced accuracy, sensitivity, selectivity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value performance metrics were evaluated for model performance.

Results: According to the variable selection method, 17 genes were selected, and modeling was performed with these input variables. Accuracy, balanced accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and F1 score obtained from modeling results were 95.5%, 95.8%, 91.7%, 1%, 1%, and 90.9%, and 95.7%, respectively. According to the variable impotance acquired from the XGboost technique results, the CYR61, NR4A, FOSB, and NR4A2 genes can be employed as biomarkers for colorectal cancer.

Conclusion: As a consequence of this research, genes that may be linked to colorectal cancer and genetic biomarkers for the illness were identified. In the future, the detected genes' reliability can be verified, therapeutic procedures can be established based on these genes, and their usefulness in clinical practice may be documented.
Prognostic significance of the optic nerve sheath diameter in acute respiratory failure
Authors: EFGAN Mehmet Göktuğ , KARAKAYA Zeynep , YAMANOĞLU Adnan , KAYALI Ahmet
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to determine the role of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measured using ultrasonography in the differentiation of hypoxemic respiratory failure and hypercarbic respiratory failure. The secondary aim was to determine the value of ONSD in predicting the clinical outcome in hypercarbic patients.

Materials and Methods: Non-traumatic adult patients presenting with dyspnea were included in this study. Arterial blood gas and concurrent ONSD measurements were obtained from all patients included in the study during presentation and at the second hour of treatment. The patients were divided into two groups - hypoxic and hypercarbic respiratory failure. An equivalent number of healthy volunteers were enrolled as the control group.

Result: Mean ONSD values were 3.8±0.2 mm in the 24 patients with type 1 respiratory failure, 5.2 ± 0.5 mm in the 25 patients with type 2 respiratory failure, and 3.9±0.3 mm in the healthy controls. The ONSD of the hypercarbic patients was statistically significantly greater than that of the hypoxic patients and healthy volunteers. The ONSD of the hypercarbic patients was 5.2±0.5mm at baseline and 4.4±0.6 mm after treatment, the difference being statistically significant. However, the difference in ONSD was not statistically significant in predicting hospitalization and mortality.

Conclusion: Sonographically measured ONSD may be an effective parameter in the differential diagnosis of type 1 and 2 respiratory failure. ONSD values changed significantly with treatment in patients with type 2 respiratory failure.
Ebeveynlerin sosyal görünüş kaygı düzeylerine göre çocuklarının sosyal görünüşleri ile ilgili tutum ve davranış farklılıkları
Authors: GÜMÜŞ Mahmut , KALE Mustafa , ÇAKMAK Soner
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Bu araştırmada, sosyal görünüş kaygı düzeyi yüksek ve düşük ebeveynlerin, çocuklarının sosyal görünüşlerine ilişkin tutum ve davranış farklılıklarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu araştırmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden bütüncül çoklu durum çalışması kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını Adana ili Yüreğir ilçesinde yaşayan okul öncesi dönemde çocuğu olan 16 ebeveyn oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcıların belirlenmesinde, aykırı durum örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada ebeveynlerin sosyal görünüş kaygı düzeylerini belirlemek için, Sosyal Görünüş Kaygısı Ölçeği (SGKÖ) kullanılmış ve 100 katılımcıya uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler IBM SPSS 25 programıyla analiz edilerek, katılımcılardan en yüksek ve en düşük puan alan sekizer kişi olmak üzere toplam 16 ebeveyn belirlenmiştir. Araştırmacı tarafından oluşturulan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak, ebeveynlerle görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Görüşmeler ses kaydı alınarak yapılmış ve ses kayıtları metne dönüştürülerek, metinler içerik analizine tabii tutulmuştur.

Bulgular: Çalışmada, katılımcı grupta SGKÖ puanı en yüksek 66, en düşük 24, ortalama puan 35,71 ± 9,98 olarak elde edilmiştir. SGKÖ puan düzeyi düşük ebeveynlerin yaş ortalaması 34,75 ± 5,57’dir. SGKÖ puan düzeyi yüksek ebeveynlerin ise yaş ortalaması 31,62 ± 2,38’dir. Ebeveynlerin SGKÖ puan düzeylerine göre çocuklarının sosyal görünüşleri hakkındaki düşüncelerinde, çocuklarının bedenlerine yönelik beklentilerinde ve ideal çocuk bedeni tanımlamalarında farklılıklar belirlenmiştir. SGKÖ puanı yüksek ebeveynler, daha çok estetik görünüme ilişkin tanımlamalar yapmışlardır. Ayrıca SGKÖ puanı yüksek ebeveynlerin çocuklarının Beden Kitle İndeksi (BKİ) ile uyumsuz tanımlamalara sahip oldukları görülmüştür. Aksine SGKÖ puan düzeyi düşük olan ebeveynlerin ise çocuklarının bedenlerine ilişkin idealleştirmeye gitmedikleri anlaşılmıştır. Düşük ve yüksek SGKÖ puan düzeylerine sahip ebeveynlerin, çocuklarının sosyal görünüşlerine müdahalelerinde; fiziksel etkinliklerde, kıyafet tercihleri ve fiziksel görünüş uygulamalarında da farklılıklar bulunmuştur.

Sonuç: SGKÖ puan düzeyleri düşük ebeveynler, çocuklarının bedenine ilişkin idealleştirmeye gitmezken, SGKÖ puanı yüksek ebeveynlerin estetik görünüme ilişkin tanımlamalar yaptıkları görülmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra, SGKÖ puanı yüksek ebeveynlerin çocuklarının BKİ ile uyumsuz tanımlamalara sahip olduğu görülmüştür. SGKÖ puan düzeylerindeki farklılığın, ebeveynlerin çocuk yetiştirme tutum ve davranışlarında da farklılıklara sebep olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmamıza göre, SGKÖ puan düzeyi yüksek olan ebeveynler çocuklarının beden görünümlerine daha fazla müdahale etmektedirler. Yeme kısıtlamaları, harekete teşvik ve akranları ile kıyaslama şeklinde tutum ve davranışları daha fazla göstermektedirler.
CRP/albumin ratio as an age-dependent prognostic factor in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: ŞAHİN ÖZDEMİREL Tuğçe , AKKURT Esma Sevil , ERTAN Özlem , YENİBERTİZ Derya , AKINCI ÖZYÜREK Berna
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The aim of our study was to determine whether C-reactive protein/albumin is an age-related marker in Covid-19 pneumonia.

Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective research on 296 patients (166 male/130 female) with Covid-19 pneumonia. The participants were divided into two groups as
Deep learning recognition of bolt looseness and axial force compensation of shape memory alloy
Authors: Wu Genshang , Sun Xinyao , Hao Shuanghui , Yan XianFeng , Zhao YiTao
Published: September 2022

Loosening of bolts, which is a common form of failure in bolted connections, causes relative slippage between the connected surfaces. The bolts fail under the action of external shear forces due to fatigue and breakage, thereby affecting the service performance and connection strength of the equipment, potentially resulting in major accidents. At present, condition monitoring, which is used to detect the tightness of bolt connections, has obtained acceptable results; however, most of them are still carried out under laboratory conditions and cannot be applied to engineering. In addition, effective remedial measures should be implemented after detecting bolt looseness. On the basis of such problems, a multi-bolt looseness monitoring method based on machine vision and deep learning is proposed. At the same time, shape memory alloy is used in the design of a structure that actively compensates for loose bolts. This method realises bolt recognition of the bolt connection structure through video monitoring and looseness monitoring of multi-target bolts at the same time. When the system detects that the bolts are loosened, an alarm signal is issued and, at the same time, the control device is activated to compensate, to increase the time available for repair time and to ensure the service performance of major equipment.
Small Seismic Events in Oklahoma Detected and Located by Machine Learning–Based Models
Authors: Ma Xiaofei , Chen Ting
Published: September 2022

A complete earthquake catalog is essential to understand earthquake nucleation and fault stress. Following the Gutenberg–Richter law, smaller, unseen seismic events dominate the earthquake catalog and are invaluable for revealing the fault state. The published earthquake catalogs, however, typically miss a significant number of small earthquakes. Part of the reason is due to a limitation of conventional algorithms, which can hardly extract small signals from background noise in a reliable and efficient way. To address this challenge, we utilized a machine learning method and developed new models to detect and locate seismic events. These models are efficient in processing a large amount of seismic data and extracting small seismic events. We applied our method to seismic data in Oklahoma, United States, and detected ∼14 times more earthquakes compared with the standard Oklahoma Geological Survey catalog. The rich information contained in the new catalog helps better understand the induced earthquakes in Oklahoma.
4 cm Portable Active Seismic Source (PASS) for Meter- to Kilometer-Scale Imaging and Monitoring of Subsurface Structures
Authors: Tsuji Takeshi , Tsuji Shuhei , Kinoshita Junji , Ikeda Tatsunori , Ahmad Ahmad B.
Published: September 2022

We have developed a minimal Portable Active Seismic Source (PASS) system for imaging and monitoring geological formations. Stacking of the signals continuously generated by the PASS enhances the signal-to-noise ratio, allowing the use of a small seismic source to explore and monitor areas with poor accessibility. The small size and low cost of the PASS allow its deployment in many places to continuously monitor geological formations, including reservoirs, with high spatial resolution. The PASS generates chirp signals with a wide frequency range, which is configurable to suit the imaging or monitoring target. Here we report applications of our PASS on a riverbank and, in combination with a distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) array, on a tailings embankment in a mining area. With its dense array of DAS receivers, the PASS-DAS system shows promise for high-resolution and low-cost monitoring applications. The chirp signals from our PASS unit (4 cm diameter motor), generated by eccentric rotation of a mass <10 g with a frequency range of 20–60 Hz, propagated a horizontal distance of >900 m. We also recorded temporal variations of seismic velocity and attenuation associated with rainfall events and ice formation. These field experiments demonstrate that the PASS can be used to rapidly and inexpensively image sites with limited access, such as mountainous and extraterrestrial environments, and for monitoring embankments, landslides, and geothermal or CO2 storage reservoirs.
USE OF SW TOOL TO SUPPORT TEACHING TECHNICAL SUBJECTS
Authors:   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic, KRATOCHVIL MARTIN , MAZINOVA IVANA ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic, KALINA TOMAS ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic, HRDLICKA FILIP ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic
Published: September 2022

Software tool for beam design was invented for educational purposes. SW Tool is based on standard formulas enhanced by Ashby’s theory. It is therefore a SW tool for structural design of profiles, considering its stability and enabling shape optimization for the most efficient use of the material. SW Tool is specialized to help the students evaluate suitable profile quickly and easily. This article deals with a software tool that is used for educational purposes and was tested in practice as a part of a university subject. The goal was to verify on several assignments, whether students are able to use this new software tool, and collect data about their approach and results. All the data were compared and evaluated. The evaluation showed that the software tool is user-friendly and students can use them immediately without any problems.
BIOCHAR DERIVED FROM SLOW PYROLYSIS AND ITS APPLICATION AS SORBENT IN REMOVAL OF METHYLENE BLUE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Authors:   Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Institute of Integrated Safety, Trnava, Slovak Republic, KVORKOVA VERONIKA , SIROTIAK MAROS ,   Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Institute of Integrated Safety, Trnava, Slovak Republic, HAJZLER JAN ,   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of materials science, Brno, Czech Republic
Published: September 2022

In this study, biochar (BC) derived from slow pyrolysis of spruce sawdust and activated BC with HNO3 were used as sorbents to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from the aqueous solution. BC was prepared by pyrolysis at temperatures of 200, 300, 400, and 500 °C. Based on the screening results, the two BCs (BC prepared at 400 °C and BC prepared at 500 °C) exhibiting a higher percentage of dye removal were selected to investigate further the effect of factors, including contact times 15, 30, and 60 minutes and the amount of dosage – BC 0.01, 0.03, 0.05 g / 8 mL. The sorption efficiency of MB was determined by measuring the absorbance of the solutions after sorption in a UV / VIS area of 665 nm. BC prepared at 500 °C was found to perform better than BC prepared at 400 °C and activated BC by HNO3 and has more than 95 % rate of methylene dye adsorption.
AUTOMATION OF DESIGN OF ROBOTIC ARM
Authors:   VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Department of Robotics, Ostrava, Czech Republic, MIHOLA MILAN , ZEMAN ZDENEK ,   VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Department of Robotics, Ostrava, Czech Republic, BOLESLAVSKY ADAM ,   VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Department of Robotics, Ostrava, Czech Republic, BEM JAN ,   VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Department of Robotics, Ostrava, Czech Republic, PASTOR ROBERT ,   VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Department of Robotics, Ostrava, Czech Republic, FOJTIK DAVID ,   VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Department of Control Systems and Instrumentation, Ostrava, Czech Republic
Published: September 2022

Robotic arms are complex mechatronic systems. Therefore, their design requires knowledge and experience from various technical fields, such as mechanics, electrical engineering, electronics or control. From the view of the requirements placed on developers, the design of robotic arms is one of the more complex tasks. Unfortunately, there is a lack of necessary specialists in this field of technology. Therefore, ways are sought to help existing specialists in their work and, simultaneously, reduce the time needed to design the required equipment. At the same time, there are also sought ways to open the way to this issue for developers who do not yet have enough experience. For this reason, algorithms and development tools have been developed to significantly simplify and reduce the time required to design robotic arms and simultaneously automate as much of this process as possible. The aim is to shorten the design time and achieve better results than in the case of designs according to classical procedures.
EVALUATION OF TRANSMISSION ERROR
Authors:   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering TUL - Technical University of Liberec, Czech Republic, MAREK TOMAS
Published: September 2022

This paper addresses the issue of transmission error (TE) evaluation. The motivation for writing this paper is the research on TE measurement and calculation, which focuses on finding a correlation between TE and the noise performance of spur gears. In the context of the study a research of an accurate description of the procedure for evaluating the TE waveform was carried out, but only incomplete descriptions were found. Therefore, the author tries to describe this problema according to the available sources and his own experience. The beginning of this article includes a description of what transmission error is and how it can be determined. The main part of this article, however, concerns developing a method for evaluating transmission error and introducing some new ideas on how to evaluate this magnitude more accurately.
Identification of Mechanical Strength for Mixture of Thermoset Polyester with Thermoset Vinyl Ester due to Bending Load
Authors: Adnan Nusyirwan , Abral H. , H Dahlan , Staria E.
Published: September 2022

Pada penelitian ini dilakukan upaya untuk meningkatkan ketangguhan mekanis Unsaturated Polyester (UP) dengan menambahkan Thermoset Vinyl Ester (VE) dan Methyl Methacrylate (MMA). Untuk menunjukkan tingkat ketangguhan material dilakukan pengujian dengan memberikan beban lentur sampai material tersebut putus. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa campuran 40 % wt VE dan 10% wt MMA pada material UP menghasilkan peningkatan sifat ketangguhan material dari pengujian bending stress pada spesimen dengan variasi komposisi polyester dan vinyl ester dengan hand lay-up. Nilai tegangan lentur tertinggi terdapat pada komposisi 60% polyester dan 40% vinyl ester yaitu sebesar 126,88 MPa (meningkat 16 % dari polyester murni).In this study, an attempt was made to increase the mechanical toughness of unsaturated polyester (UP) by adding Thermoset Vinyl Ester (VE) and Methyl Methacrylate (MMA). A test is carried out to show the level of toughness of the mechanical properties of the above material by applying a flexural load until the material breaks. The test results showed that a mixture of 40% wt VE and 10% wt MMA in UP material resulted in an increase in the toughness properties of the material from the bending stress test on specimens with variations in the composition of polyester and vinyl ester with hand lay-up. The highest flexural stress value is found in the composition of 60% polyester and 40% vinyl ester, which is 126.88 MPa (an increase of 16% from pure polyester).
Efek Temperatur terhadap Sifat Tarik Komposit Poliester Berpenguat Serat Daun Gewang
Authors: Boimau Kristomus
Published: September 2022

Penggunaan serat sintetik dalam teknologi komposit selama beberapa dekade terakhir, mulai tergeser oleh hadirnya serat alam. Pemilihan serat alam sebagai filler pada material komposit polimer merupakan ide cerdas dalam menjaga lingkungan agar tidak tercemar. Namun, ketahanan komposit polimer berpenguat serat alam pada kondisi temperatur yang tinggi perlu dikaji. Ruang lingkup utama dari penelitian ini adalah mengkaji kekuatan tarik komposit pada kondisi lingkungan bersuhu tinggi.Penelitian ini menggunakan resin polyester sebagai matrik, NaOH sebagai bahan untuk perlakuan kimia dan serat daun gewang. Panjang serat yang digunakan 5 cm dan diberikan perlakuan perendaman alkali 5% selama 1 jam. Rasio perbandingan jumlah serat dan matrik adalah 32%:68%. Spesimen uji dibentuk sesuai standar ASTM D-638. Selanjutnya, dikarakterisasi sifat tariknya dengan alat uji.Sebelum uji tarik, spesimen uji dipanaskan dalam oven listrik dengan variasi temperatur 1000C, 1500C, dan 2000C selama 1 jam. Informasi yang berhasil dihimpun dari penelitian ini adalah kekuatan tarik tertinggi komposit poliester dengan penguat serat daun gewang, diperoleh pada komposit yang dipanaskan pada temperatur 1000C, sedangkan nilai terendah diperoleh pada komposit yang dipanaskan pada temperatur 2000C.The use of synthetic fibers in composite technology over the last few decades has been replaced by the presence of natural fibers. The selection of natural fibers as filler in polymer composite materials is a smart idea in protecting the environment from being polluted. However, the resilience of natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites at high temperature conditions needs to be studied. The main scope of this research is to study the tensile strength of composites in high temperature environmental conditions.This research uses polyester resin as the matrix, NaOH as the material for chemical treatment and gewang leaf fiber. The length of the fiber used was 5 cm and was treated with 5% alkaline immersion for 1 hour. The ratio of the ratio of the amount of fiber and matrix is 32%:68%. The test specimen was shaped according to the ASTM D-638 standard. Furthermore, the tensile properties were characterized by using test equipment. Prior to the tensile test, the test specimen was heated in an electric oven with temperature variations of 1000C, 1500C, and 2000C for 1 hour. The information that has been collected from this research is that the highest tensile strength of the polyester composite with leaf fiber reinforcement was obtained for the composite heated at a temperature of 1000C, while the lowest value was obtained for the composite which was heated at a temperature of 2000C.