bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of work related musculoskeletal disorders among physiotherapists of Multan
Authors: Kompal Rabab , Roomi Muhammad Sohaib , Qadir Rabia , Bilal Samia , Khan Saba Naseem , Shehrin Talat , Amanbekovich Akylbek
Published: January 2023

Background: Work related musculoskeletal disorders are increasing day by day in hospitals and clinics due to high demand activities. These disorders decline the efficiency of therapists and result in social as well as economic losses. These injuries mostly occur due to abnormal postures and poor ergonomics. Aim and objectives: The purpose of this study was to rule out pain which disturbs the daily living of physiotherapists due to work related musculoskeletal disorder. This study also helps physiotherapists to improve their skills, technique, posture, ergonomics and all the other factors that are related to these disorders. Method: Survey was performed among physiotherapists that are performing duties in government hospitals, private clinics and all the other settings in Multan. This study included 100 physiotherapists of Multan. Self-design questionnaire as well as a Nordic questionnaire was used to collect data about WRMSK disorders. Data was gathered and was observed statistically. Results: 89% of physiotherapist were having had work related musculoskeletal disorder & 11% had no complaint, 75% female and 25% male & 23 to 50 years age population data was taken & the study observed that novice practitioner are at the increased risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal disorder & 45% were non specialized and 55% were specialized. The most commonly affected regions were upper back, low back and hip joint respectively. Conclusion: Upper back pain, lower back pain and hip pain were the most common complications among physiotherapists. Manual therapy shows association with the prevalence of MSK disorder.
Reduction of MERS-CoV Transmission among Healthcare Workers and Patients in Saudi Arabian Healthcare Settings: A Scoping Review
Authors: Al Ammi Salem , Mzahim Bandr , Alomari Hisham , Almutairi Bandar , Alzahrani Abdulrahman
Published: January 2023

Background
No review consolidating available evidence of the various interventions for preventing MERS-CoV transmission in healthcare settings has been published to inform practice. The MERS-CoV outbreak in Saudi Arabia led to wide-scale hospitalisations and, among other individuals at risk, healthcare workers (HCW) were one of the most affected groups. This study evaluates the effectiveness of various interventions implemented to prevent MERS-CoV transmission to HCW and MERS-negative patients in Saudi Arabian healthcare settings.
Methods
This review summarises and evaluates the effectiveness of MERS-CoV infection prevention and control (IPC) measures in Saudi Arabian hospital settings. Instead of using ‘best quality/evidence’ studies, the review has included as many relevant studies as possible.
Results
Various IPC measures were deemed effective. However, since no analysis of their effectiveness had been undertaken, it was not possible to determine the interventions’ level of effectiveness as applied in hospital settings. The studies appeared to rely on the assumption that the extent of MERS-CoV transmission control observed was a direct reflection of the implemented IPC measures.
Conclusions
Robust studies, using empirical methods, should be conducted to measure the effectiveness of the various IPC measures developed and implemented to control MERS-CoV transmission
موقف الاتحاد السوفيتي والولايات المتحدة الأمريكية وإيران تجاه انسحاب بريطانيا من منطقة الخليج العربي (1968- 1971م) .
Authors: المغيرية الغالية
Published: January 2023

في عام 1968م أعلنت بريطانيا عن قرار انسحابها من منطقة الخليج العربي على أن يتم ذلك بشكل فعلي عام 1971م، وسعى الاتحاد السوفيتي إلى التدخل والقيام بدور أساسي في هذا الجانب، وفي الوقت ذاته كانت إيران شديدة الحذر تجاه أي تخطيط من قبل الاتحاد السوفيتي للتوسع في المنطقة إثر إعلان الانسحاب البريطاني، لاسيما بعد زيادة نشاط الاتحاد السوفيتي المتمثل في توثيق العلاقات بينه وبين دول المنطقة كموقفه تجاه الأزمة العراقية الكويتية عام 1961م، وإقامة العلاقات الدبلوماسية بين الجانبين الكويتي والسوفيتي عام 1963م، فضلا عن العلاقات الأخرى في مختلف المجالات، وتوثيقا لوجوده في منطقة الخليج العربي، تمكن الاتحاد السوفيتي من إنشاء طرق بحرية عبر إيران، إضافة إلى  الحصول على تسهيلات للمواصلات الجوية من إيران والبحرين.

من جانبها كانت الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية حريصة على حماية مصالحها في الخليج العربي وإبعاد منافسة الاتحاد السوفيتي لها؛ لذا قامت بدراسة موضوع الاستناد على المملكة العربية السعودية وإيران؛ للقيام بدور القوة الإقليمية التي ستقوم بحماية أمن المنطقة واستقرارها.

وبدورها قامت إيران بمحاولة كسب موقف المملكة والتعاون معها، غير أن المطالب الإيرانية في البحرين والجزر الثلاث (طنب الكبرى وطنب الصغرى وأبو موسى) أثرت على موقف المملكة وبقية دول المنطقة تجاه إيران.
المنظور الجغرافي للمناخ وأثره في زراعة وإنتاج الخضر الصيفية في محافظة القادسية
Authors: عجيل وفاء
Published: January 2023

يعد المناخ أهم العوامل الطبيعية المؤثرة في الغطاء النباتي وأكثرها تحكما فيه وفي توزيعه على سطح الأرض، اذ ما زالت قدرة الانسان في التحكم في المناخ محدودة للغاية وتقتصر على التقليل من تأثير عناصره ومحاولة التكيف معها. وتتباين المتطلبات المناخية لكل نبات وحسب مراحل النمو وعموما تتشابه محاصيل الخضر في متطلباتها المناخية و تعد درجة الحرارة والامطار من أكثر العناصر المناخية المؤثرة في توزيع ونمو النبات، كما أن هذه المتطلبات إذا تجاوزت الحد الأقصى اللازمة او انخفضت فإنها تضر بالنبات .تباينت المساحات المزروعة بالخضر الصيفية في محافظة القادسية حسب سنوات الدراسة  وهي متباينة بين اقضية المحافظة اذ يستأثر قضاء الديوانية المرتبة الاولى بنسبة (38.7%) من اجمالي المساحة المزروعة في المحافظة يليه قضاء عفك بنسبة بلغت(33.8%) ثم قضاءي الحمزة والشامية بنسبة بلغت(20.4% ،7.1%)على التوالي من اجمالي المساحة المزروعة في المحافظة.واظهر البحث وجود علاقات طردية وعكسية بين متغيرات درجة الحرارة والامطار مع انتاج محاصيل الخضر الصيفية في منطقة الدراسة خلال سنوات الدراسة تراوحت بين الضعيفة جدا والقوية جدا .
Status of Climate Smart Small Ruminant Production Practices in Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Ifabiyi John O. , Opeyemi G. , Banjoko Ibrahim K.
Published: January 2023

This study examined the status of climate smart small ruminant production practices in Kwara State, Nigeria. About 105 small ruminant breeders were selected for the study. The data were analysed the use of frequency count, percentage, mean score, Binary Logistic Regression and Pearson product moment correlation. The result revealed that about 60% of the breeders were females and the mean years of experience in small ruminant production was 7 years. The result of most of the frequently used climate smart small ruminant production practices of the respondents showed that provision of medication to sick animals and cultivation of crops along with rearing of animals (90.5%), feeding with supplementary feeds, isolation of sick animals and vaccination of animals (92.4%); provision of shade through Planting of trees to reduce heat stress (93.3%); feeding with crop residues and building and maintenance of pens (96.2%) and grazing on pasture/grassland (97.1%). About 90.5% of the breeders have high status on the use of climate smart small ruminant production practices. Disease outbreak and high mortality (mean=2.07) was the highest ranked factors affecting the small ruminant breeders. The result of Binary Logistic Regression showed that educational level (B=3.985), membership of social group (B=6.083), access to extension services (B= 13.941) and years of experience (B= -0.544) were the determinant factors of the use of climate smart small ruminants production practices. This study therefore recommends that breeders should be provided with veterinary services and extension services.
Response of Black (Morus nigra), White and White Shahtoot (Morus alba) Mulberry Fruits to Ascorbic Acid Treatment and Drying Methods
Authors: Hama Dlkhwaz Ahmed , Omar Aljabary Ali Muhi Aldeen , Othman Alan Abdulrahman , Mhamad Huda Jamal
Published: January 2023

The drying process plays an important role in heat-sensitive product dehydration. This study was conducted to evaluate the response of three species of mulberry fruit (Morus nigra L. (Black mulberry), Morus alba L. (White mulberry), and Morus alba L. (White shahtoot) grown in Halabja, Kurdistan region, Iraq. Four levels of ascorbic acid treatment at 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% lthen, divided into two groups; the first dried under solar radiation the second dried by one of the very high-quality machines (oven) for drying all kinds of vegetables and fruits. The mulberry fruits were harvested at the ripening stage by hand in April 2021 from the trees 10 years old. The results appeared that black mulberry is significantly superior that has higher moisture and total sugars content while having the lowest ash content and polyphenol oxidase activity on the two other species. Additionally, the ascorbic acid treatment significantly decreased total sugars content and peroxidase activity, while significantly increasing moisture content and polyphenol oxidase activity in fruits as compared to untreated fruits. Furthermore, sun drying significantly increased the fruits content of moisture, ash, total sugars, and polyphenol oxidase activity as compared to oven drying.
User Preferences and Dislikes Concerning Sensory Stimulation in Shopping Center Resting Areas
Authors: Izadpanah Shirin , Uçar Setenay
Published: January 2023

Studies claim that shopping centers are considered a destination because they offer ambiance, experiences, and entertainment. With the rise in online shopping, shopping centers are no longer anchored by departmental stores but with their commercial facilities. Consistent with this change, more studies are needed to improve the interior quality of side facilities like entertainment and relaxing areas in shopping centers. This study is established to understand the sensory preferences and dislikes of a group of participants in shopping center resting areas. Consistent with this target, 200 participants took part in a questionnaire survey in Antalya, Turkey. The questionnaire consisted of 5 negative and 5 positive sensory qualities of space. These qualities were defined based on the five dimensions of a sensory space as established by Barbara Erwine. Participants were asked to list the negative qualities from most disturbing to least disturbing and then positive qualities from most satisfying to least satisfying.
Data from the questionnaire were analyzed using the SPSS computer program. Results showed that smell was rated as the most influential sensory quality that disturbs or satisfies participants in shopping center resting areas. Also, according to participant responses, positive and negative feelings through touching materials and surfaces were the least disturbing/satisfying quality in resting areas. This study also suggests the need for further studies on the role of smell in changing peoples’ behavior in interior spaces and establishing design considerations that can improve the olfactory quality of spaces.
Türk Dış Politikasının İnsani Diplomasi Vizyonu ve Pratiği
Authors: Gündoğdu Serkan
Published: January 2023

Son yıllarda dünyadaki gelişmeler ve değişmelere bağlı olarak Türk dış politikasında da köklü değişimler yaşanmıştır. Özellikle dış politika araçlarını ve uygulamalarını günümüz şartları doğrultusunda çeşitlendirerek uluslararası arenada etkinliğini arttırma yoluna gitmiştir. Bu araç ve uygulamalardan önemli bir tanesi de yumuşak güç unsurlarından sayılan insani diplomasisi olmuştur. Klasik diplomasi faaliyetlerinin değişimine bağlı olarak gelişen insani diplomasisi, bugün birçok gelişmiş ülke tarafından dış politikalarının tamamlayıcısı bir araç olarak tercih edilmektedir. Türk dış politikasında da aynı minvalde ve uluslararası meselelerde öncelikli olarak tercih edilip kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemleri kullanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışmada, Türk dış politikasının önemli bir diplomasi aracı haline gelen insani diplomasisi algısı, kullanım örnekleri ve pratiği ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı literatürdeki diğer çalışmaları da inceleyerek yumuşak güç unsuru olan insani diplomasisinin daha iyi anlaşılmasını sağlamak ve önemini ortaya çıkarmaktır.
1980-2000 Arası Dönemde Türk Kamu Yönetiminde Değişime Zemin Hazırlayan Faktörler
Authors: USTA Sefa
Published: January 2023

Kamu yönetiminde değişim ve dönüşümün temel belirleyicileri, demokratikleşme, katılım, şeffaflık, hesap verebilirlik, etkinlik, etkililik, ekonomiklik ve verimlilik ilkeleridir. Bu temel ilkeler ekseninde değişen yönetim anlayışı özelleştirme, yerelleşme ve sivilleşme ekseni çerçevesinde kamu yönetimi sistemini de dönüştürmüş ve geleneksel yönetim anlayışı, yeni yönetim anlayışına doğru evrilmiştir. 1970’li yılların ortasında dünyada başlayan kamu yönetiminde dönüşüm çabaları, Türk kamu yönetimini de etkilemiş 1980’li yılların başından itibaren hem ekonomik hem siyasal hem de yönetsel alanda önemli reform çabaları ortaya konulmuştur. Kamu yönetimi alanında köklü dönüşüm ise 2003 sonrası dönemde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu minvalden hareketle hazırlanan çalışmanın temel amacı, 1980-2000 arası dönemde Türk kamu yönetiminde değişime zemin hazırlayan faktörlerin irdelenmesidir. Bu amaç çerçevesinde çalışma kapsamında, kamu yönetiminde değişim konusu ele alınmakta, 1980 sonrası dönemde Türk kamu yönetimini yeniden yapılanma ihtiyacına sebep olan 24 Ocak Kararları, serbest piyasa ekonomisine geçiş, özelleştirme uygulamaları ve düzenleyici denetleyici kurumlar genel hatlarıyla değerlendirmeye tabi tutulmaktadır.
On the relations between a singular system of differential equations and a system with delays
Authors: Dassios Ioannis
Published: January 2023

In this article, we consider a class of systems of differential equations with multiple delays. We define a transform that reformulates the system with delays into a singular linear system of differential equations whose coefficients are non-square constant matrices, and the number of their columns is greater than the number of their rows. By studying only the singular system, we provide a form of solutions for both systems.
Entre o lugar e o mundo: conhecimento poderoso e multiescalaridade no ensino de Geografia
Authors: Stefenon Daniel
Published: January 2023

Contexto: Refletir o papel do conhecimento geográfico na escola implica refletir o papel do conhecimento local nos currículos aplicados. Neste artigo, problematizaremos a questão do conhecimento poderoso (Michael Young) como estratégia de reconhecimento da cultura escolar e seus impactos na construção da autonomia e emancipação dos alunos. O conhecimento poderoso é reconhecido como uma estratégia antagônica ao conhecimento dos poderosos; pode ser aplicado como forma de compreender o conhecimento em suas múltiplas escalas nos currículos oficiais. Método: Essa discussão será dialogada com uma bibliografia brasileira para contextualizar o desenvolvimento do debate apresentado. Resultado: Diante disso, reforça-se que a aprendizagem da Geografia sempre estará relacionada a um processo de tomada de consciência das práticas espaciais envolvidas na relação dos indivíduos com seus lugares de vivência.
مستوى الكفايات المهنية الخاصة بمعايير التدخل المبكر لدى الأخصائيين العاملين مع الأطفال الصم وضعاف السمع
Authors: السالم ماجد بن عبد الرحمن عبدالعزيز
Published: January 2023

ملخص: سعت هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة مستوى امتلاك الكفايات المهنية المتعلقة بمعايير التدخل المبكر في مرحلة الطفولة المبكرة (EI/ECSE) الصادرة من مجلس الأطفال غير العاديين لدى أخصائي التدخل المبكر العاملين مع الأطفال الصم وضعاف السمع ببرامج ومراكز التدخل المبكر في المملكة العربية السعودية. وجرى تصميم أداة الدراسة بالاعتماد على معايير (EI/ECSE) وتكييفها لتتواءم مع البيئة السعودية وطبيعة البرامج والمراكز فيها، وتكونت من (35) عبارة مخصصة لقياس الكفايات المهنية في (7) معايير مختلفة، تمثلت في: (تنمية مهارات التعلم المبكر للطفل، بناء الشراكة مع الأسر، التعاون والعمل الجماعي، عمليات التقييم، توظيف الأطر التعليمية/التدريبية المناسبة، استخدام التدخلات المناسبة، الممارسة الاحترافية والأخلاقية)، وطبقت على عينة مكونة من (112) مشاركًا من مختلف البرامج والمراكز الحكومية والخاصة. وأظهرت النتائج أن الدرجة الكلية لمستوى الكفايات المهنية لجميع محاور الأداة هي (3.21) من (5)، وتعدُّ درجة متوسطة، وأشارت النتائج إلى عدم وجود أي فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية تُعزى إلى متغير التخصص ونوع المركز الذي يقدم الخدمة. وكشفت النتائج في متغير الدورات التدريبية المتخصصة أن هناك دلالة إحصائية في محور توظيف الأطر التعليمية/التدريبية المناسبة. وأسفرت النتائج في متغير المؤهل التعليمي عن عدم وجود أي فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية لجميع المحاور، عدا محور تنمية مهارات التعلم المبكر للطفل. واستنادًا إلى النتائج قدمت الدراسة مجموعة من التوصيات والمقترحات بهدف تعزيز الكفايات المهنية لأخصائي التدخل المبكر، وأبرزها: إجراء دراسة تعنى بقياس مستوى التدخلات التي تقدم في البرامج والمراكز ومدى انعكاسها على تقدم الأطفال الصم وضعاف السمع.
The analysis of the factors affecting the stringency index during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Öcal Özkaya Hatice Gökçen , Şak Nazan
Published: January 2023

Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, which started in China’s Wuhan providence in the late 2019s, and then affected the entire world in a short time, causing high disease and death rates, was one of the most important unexpected crises of 21st century. In order to manage the risk the pandemic posed on public health and public order, and to control spread of the disease, governments implemented restriction policies, in which precautions such as limitation and closure were taken. This study aims to examine the factors affecting the stringency index, an indicator of the political measures taken by governments against the epidemic in the selected countries (the United Kingdom, Italy, France, Germany, Türkiye, Russia, Brazil, the United States of America, India) during COVID-19 pandemic. In the analysis, non-additive fixed effect panel quantile regression model with the instrumental variable was used. The data set covers the period between March 11, 2020 and June 29, 2021. The findings indicate that although the level of effects varied, an increase in the number of daily deaths has an increasing effect on the stringency index value in all the countries within the study. Meanwhile, it is observed that as the rate of people with age 65 and over increases, the stringency measures also increase in the countries implemented moderate and high-level restrictions.
Signal Modulation Recognition System Based on Different Signal Noise Rate Using Artificial Intelligent Approach
Authors: Jader Rasool F. , Abd Mudhafar Haji M. , Jumaa Ihsan Hamza
Published: January 2023

Everyone has paid much attention to modulation-type recognition in the past few years. There are many ways to find the modulation type, but only a few good ways to deal with signals with a lot of noise. This study comes up with a way to test how well different machine learning algorithms can handle noise when detecting digital and analogue modulations. This study looks at the four most common digital and analogue modulations: Phase Shift Keying, Quadrature Phase Shift Keying, Amplitude Modulation, and Morse Code. A signal noise rate from -10dB to +25dB is used to find these modulations. We used machine learning algorithms to determine the modulation type like Decision Tree, Random Forest, Support Vectors Machine, and k-nearest neighbours. After the IQ samples had been converted to the amplitude of samples and radio frequency format, the accuracy of each method looked good. Still, in the format of the sample phase, each algorithm's accuracy was less. The results show that the proposed method works to find the signals that have noises. When there is less noise, the random forest algorithm gives better results than SVM, but SVM gives better results when there is more noise.
Review on Nanotechnology Applications in Nuclear Energy
Authors: Mousavi Balgehshiri Seyed Kamal
Published: January 2023

Today, the need to transition away from our reliance on fossil fuels is growing increasingly urgent. Although the expansion of renewable energy and nuclear fusion & fission will likely be keys to achieving this goal, this rollout isn’t happening fast enough to avoid catastrophic damages to societies and natural ecosystems in the near future. The use of the latest engineered nanomaterials in nuclear energy systems has opened doors for improving the performance and safety of nuclear power. Nuclear Nano Technology (NNT) deals with the use of the engineered nanomaterials & nano fluids for future nuclear energy applications. This literature review summarizes the recent and ongoing research in labs around the world on Nuclear Nano-Technology development, focusing on the use of nanomaterials in area of the phase change materials for enhancing their thermal conductivity and efficiency, nuclear fuel manufacturing, and their capacity for the improvement of the safety and performance of the future generation nuclear reactors, cladding for increasing safety and fuel burnup, structural material in nuclear reactors structures and reduce radiation effects.
Tassoni e la letteratura burlesca del Cinquecento
Authors: Brancati Francesco
Published: January 2023

Il contributo affronta la complessa questione del rapporto tra Alessandro Tassoni, fondatore del genere eroicomico, e la tradizione burlesca della prima metà del Cinquecento, soffermandosi in particolare sulla possibile influenza che Francesco Berni, capostipite della poesia burlesca, può avere avuto sulla produzione tassoniana. L’analisi degli scritti autoesegetici di Tassoni (dichiarazioni e prefazioni) consente di distinguere i pronunciamenti di poetica dalle effettive realizzazioni testuali, soprattutto per quanto concerne la poesia satirica e burlesca di Tassoni, un genere dove la lezione dei maestri cinquecenteschi (Berni in primis) appare consi-derevole.
Leopardi e l'eroicomico. Una questione da riconsiderare
Authors: Andreoni Annalisa
Published: January 2023

Il saggio indaga il rapporto di Leopardi con la tradizione eroicomica. Partendo dalla giovanile Arte poetica travestita ed esposta in ottava rima, attraverso le tre traduzioni della Ba-tracomiomachia omerica e fino ai tardi Paralipomeni, viene riconsiderata la questione della pre-senza dell’eroicomico nell’opera leopardiana, individuando nuove prospettive di indagine in rapporto agli autori antichi e moderni.
Strade secondarie. Il documentario "Alessandro Fersen. L'essere in scena": dagli archivi a YouTube
Authors: Bertolone Paola
Published: January 2023

L’articolo descrive il lavoro che ha preceduto la realizzazione del documentario del 2004 Alessandro Fersen. L’essere in scena e contestualizza l’evento per cui è stato progettato e dove è stato proiettato la prima volta. Si discute la selezione dei materiali visualizzati e le scelte decretate dalla narrazione in una struttura video, anziché una mostra o una più tradizionale formula saggistica. L’intento del saggio è di evidenziare la processualità con cui sono riutilizzati i materiali esistenti nel documentario (fotografie, volumi, bozzetti, registrazioni audiovisive ecc. provenienti da  Museo Biblioteca dell’Attore di Genova, RAIteche, archivi privati), disponibile sul canale YouTube dell’università di Siena in italiano e in traduzione inglese sul sito della Columbia College Chicago.
Il documentario Alessandro Fersen. L’essere in scena costituisce un esempio di rielaborazione dei materiali e di valorizzazione delle fonti, secondo una concezione scientifica della documentazione intertestuale del performativo.
Atlanti multimediali: lo studio-archivio di Roberto Paci Dalò
Authors: Bronzini Benedetta
Published: January 2023

Il presente lavoro indaga sulle molteplici funzione del materiale d’archivio nelle opere intermediali del regista, musicista e artista visivo Roberto Paci Dalò (1962), basandosi su un’intervista inedita condotta recentemente. Materiale reperito  in archivi internazionali, disegni, immagini e video catturati in viaggio, ritratti, campionamenti sono il perno attorno al quale Paci Dalò costruisce le proprie topografie sonore: dall’album Napoli (1993), che offre un ritratto sonoro della città partenopea a Ye Shanghai (2013), realizzato grazie ad un’intensa ricerca di archivio riguardante il cosiddetto “Settore ristretto per i rifugiati apolidi” della metropoli orientale nel periodo dell’occupazione giapponese, e alle installazioni site-specific De bello Gallico (2011) e Greuelmärchen. La conversazione, dedicata  all’archivio sia come luogo fisico, che come modus operandi, mette in risalto i molteplici piani di realtà da cui attinge l’“archivio d’artista”, dal documento storico all’opera d’arte intermediale, che fa del proprio autore oggetto e fruitore allo stesso tempo.
Dampak Akibat Konstelasi Politik Elit Lokal Tradisional Donggo Bima Tahun 1972
Authors: Anwar Anwar , Subari Subari
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian sejarah (histories research) dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mengkaji konstelasi politik dalam kancah perpolitik di Kabupaten Bima pada tahun 1972 antara penguasa dengan elit tradisional Donggo. Adapun metode penelitian ini adalah metode sejarah yang dimulai dari heuristic, kritik sumber, verifikasi, interpretasi dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kehidupan masyarakat secara umum kita bisa melihat dinamika sosial masyarakat kondusif dan aman sewalaupun ada ketegangan yang tidak meluluhlantahkan system yang ada. Dan terselenggaranya hajatan demokrasi dalam kontestasi poitik semakin dewasa dan selalu mengedepankan musyawarah dan mufakat untuk menyelesaikan setiap persoalan yang ada. Sedangkan kehidupan ekonomi masyarakat semakin baik akibat terlaksananya pembangunan infrastruktur umum dimulai fasilitas jalan, listrik, maupun fasilitas pertanian dan peternakan sebagai penunjang kebutuhan hidup masyarakat.
Penyuluhan Mencegah Bullying di Lingkungan Sekolah pada Siswa
Authors: Prihatin Lilik , Nooryanto Fista Herry , Suyani Suyani , Suryadi Suryadi , Halim Abdul , Kusumawati Siska
Published: January 2023

Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mensosialisasikan edukasi dalam pencegahan bullying serta mempunyai kepedulian sosial terhadap anak-anak khususnya di lingkungan sekolahan. Metode pengabdian ini dilakukan dalam bentuk penyuluhan menggunakan metode partisipatif, ceramah dan diskusi. Menurut partisipan penyuluh, khususnya peserta didik disekolah dengan adanya kegiatan ini sangat mengedukasi tentang bagaimana berperilaku baik agar tidak menimbulkan bullying, banyak anak yang merasa mendapat bullying walaupun dalam konteks bergaul entah itu dalam sikap maupun perkataan. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam kegiatan ini adanya peningkatan pemahaman bahwa dalam bergaul harus berperilaku yang baik, tidak mengeluarkan kalimat-kalimat mengejek, menghina fisik orang, merendahkan dan lain sebagainya yang menimbulkan sakit hati seseorang. Selama berlangsungnya kegiatan, siswa sangat antusias dengan penyuluhan ini karena sebagai pedoman motivasi siswa di lingkungan sekolah atau di masyarakat. Mereka menjadi paham dengan perkataan dan perbuatan yang tidak baik adalah salah satu dari sikap atau kategori bullying. Selama ini siswa belum mengikuti atau mendapatkan penyuluhan ini. Mengenai hal tersebut, sehingga kegiatan ini dirasa sangat penting dalam memberi edukasi, berperilaku yang baik, serta memperkokoh mental siswa. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan pengabdian ini semoga dapat memberikan manfaat bagi siswa dan diharapkan dapat dilakukan secara berkelanjutan khususnya memberikan “Penyuluhan mencegah bullying di lingkungan sekolah” serta menumbuhkan kesadaran dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Kegiatan ini dapat dikatakan terlaksana dengan baik dan lancar, yang ditandai dengan adanya peran aktif, diskusi serta tanya jawab dengan audiens selama kegiatan berlangsung.
Project-Based Learning Role Analysis to Improve Student's Writing Skills in Elementary School
Authors: Widhiastuti Kingkin , Permatasari Adelia Putri , Khoiroh Makrifatul , Aini Muntaza Nur , Kusumaningrum Shirly Rizki
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this research activity is to describe the role of the Project Based Learning model in writing skills in fourth-grade elementary school students. The method used in this research is a research method. descriptive qualitative. The place for this research is SDN 2 Girimoyo Karangploso, Malang. Class IV students totaling 25 people and class IV teachers at SDN 2 Girimoyo Karangploso are the subjects in this study. Documentation, observation, and interviews are techniques that will be used as data collection techniques. Data analysis techniques in this study are the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. The results of this study indicate that the learning process using Project Based Learning is more efficient in students' writing skills than learning using the lecture method and the use of teaching materials in the form of learning books. Where learning activities using the Project model. Based Learning is able to make students play an active role in learning activities, students are better able to express ideas about what they want to write on the given sheet, namely the vegetable planting documentation sheet.
Exchange Rate Pass-Through and Historical Decomposition of Inflation in Turkiye
Authors: it zlem
Published: January 2023

The main purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of macroeconomic shocks in particular exchange rate shocks on Consumer Price Index (CPI) and 12 main subgroups of CPI. Our empirical model is a seven variable Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model, incorporating pricing along a distribution chain proposed by McCarthy (2007). The results of historical decomposition and impulse-response anaysis show that contribution of exchange rate shocks and domestic producer prices shocks to headline inflation is more significant in respect to other macroeconomic shocks.
Does Logistics Infrastructure Affect Economic Boost? Empirical Evidence from Turkey
Authors: itil M , ahin Yasir
Published: January 2023

In this research we investigated the relationship between infrastructure of logistics services and economic boost in Turkey. For investment decisions, it is important to know how infrastructure investment impact economic development. Turkey is developing economy and it has been investing in logistic infrastructure extensively since 20 years so we examined the relationship for Turkey. For this purpose, we used methods of Johansen (1988) cointegration test and Granger (1969) causality test. Our data is yearly and covers the years 1984-2020. We used airfreight, total fleet, number of container transport, length of railways, railways freight, divided road, motorways, and government infrastructure expenditure to represent infrastructure of logistics services. In addition, we used EXIM (total trade), export, import, GDP, and GDP per capita to represent economic boost. Contrast to general expectations we couldn’t find clear evidence that shows infrastructure of logistics services cause of economic boost in Turkey.
Retrospective evaluation and comparison of oxygen supply management with piped supply with cylinder manifold in first wave of COVID-19 against piped supply with liquid medical oxygen system in second wave of COVID-19
Authors: Patel Sandipbhai , Gaikwad Vijay , Suroshe Balasaheb , Mahajan Harshal
Published: January 2023

Background: COVID-19 infection is a major health pandemic all over world started in 2019. Due to respiratory tract involvement, major number of patients required oxygen supplementation. Dedicated COVID hospitals and others required high burden of oxygen all over world. During first wave, oxygen supply management to main hospital building of our institute was by the central piped supply with cylinder manifold whereas during second wave, it was piped supply with 20 KL liquid medical oxygen (LMO) SYSTEM.

Aims and Objectives: With this background, we decided to compare these both systems by questionnaire-based interview of healthcare worker and data evaluation. We planned to conduct this study with aim to compare effectiveness and ease of oxygen supply management with both these oxygen supply systems.

Materials and Methods: We took questionnaire-based interviews of oxygen store people, intensive care unit, and ward in charge sisters and doctors and manpower working at oxygen supply systems.

Results: Both systems of oxygen supply provided uninterrupted supply of oxygen during COVID outbreak with statistically significant less stress level of healthcare workers, good pressure constancy, less cost, and more ease of operability of LMO system.

Conclusion: During daily high demand of oxygen, LMO system is superior than piped supply with cylinder manifold system.
Book Review of Guide for Travelling in an Uncertain World: What is Risk?
Authors: Huang Chong-fu
Published: January 2023

This paper reviews the main contents of the following picture book: Guide for travelling in an uncertain world: what is risk? Zhang, J., and Huang, H.W. 2022. Shanghai: Tongji University Press (ISBN: 978-7-5765-0351-7) (in Chinese). This picture book can help children and their parents become aware of risk, learn the knowledge about risk analysis, and cultivate interests related to the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics behind risk analysis. It is a welcome and successful contribution to the education of risk analysis to the child and the public.
Pruebas de torsión dinámica de madera sólida y de multimaterial de Fagus crenata.
Authors: Sotomayor Castellanos Javier Ramón , Macedo Alquicira Isarael , Bedolla Arrollo Juan Alberto , Raya González David , Rutiaga Quiñones José Guadalupe , Francisco Javier Castro Sánchez
Published: January 2023

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar el módulo de rigidez con pruebas de torsión dinámica en probetas de madera sólida y multimaterial de Fagus crenata. Se prepararon 24 probetas de madera sólida para realizarles pruebas de torsión. Hechas las pruebas, con este mismo material se elaboraron 12 probetas de multimaterial formado por dos placas de madera sólida que cubren una malla de acero, unida con un adhesivo de dos compones de poliuretano. Con estas probetas se realizó una segunda serie de pruebas de torsión. Se realizaron pruebas de normalidad y de verificación y de análisis de varianza. La densidad promedio del multimaterial aumenta 7,2 % en relación con la de la madera sólida. El módulo de rigidez del multimaterial se incrementa 13,7 % en comparación con el de la madera sólida y el coeficiente de variación disminuye 71,1 % en comparación con el de la madera sólida. El multimaterial exhibe una mejora tecnológica por el aumento y por la estabilidad de su rigidez cuando está sometido a deformaciones angulares elásticas. De esta manera, la caracterización mecánica del multimaterial muestra su potencial de innovación en aplicaciones no tradicionales de la madera sólida en la edificación residencial.
Uso del fuego en tierras de vocación forestal del cantón Jipijapa, Manabí, Ecuador
Authors: Manrique-Toala Tayron Omar , Ramos-Rodríguez Marcos Pedro , De La Cruz-Rosales Gabriel Enrique , Tigua-Pinela Yulexy Yolanda , Pincay-Ortega Stalin Alexander
Published: January 2023

Durante las últimas décadas han aumentado en el mundo tanto el número de incendios forestales como las áreas quemadas. Entre las razones que han propiciado este comportamiento se encuentran el cambio climático, el aumento de la población y las políticas de manejo del fuego que no consideraron al fuego como un factor ecológico ni como elemento cultural. Muchas comunidades lo utilizan con frecuencia y a veces se va de control. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar el uso del fuego en tierras de vocación forestal del cantón Jipijapa, Manabí, Ecuador. Se utilizó información de la comuna Sancán y la parroquia Membrillal de dicho cantón. La unidad de muestreo fueron los productores agrícolas y la población estuvo delimitada por las personas con edades entre 25 y 74 años. Se aplicó la técnica no probabilística de muestreo por conveniencia y el tamaño de la muestra se calculó con el software Decision Analyst STATSTM 2.0. Para obtener la información se utilizó un cuestionario semiestructurado con preguntas abiertas y cerradas. El procesamiento estadístico se realizó con el programa SPSS versión 22.0. Los resultados muestran que el 97,4 % de los encuestados que trabajan la tierra de forma manual, utilizan el fuego para limpiar la tierra de malezas y residuos de cosechas, lo cual hacen fundamentalmente durante los meses de noviembre y diciembre. Este trabajo puede constituir una herramienta importante para la toma de decisiones en el ámbito del manejo integral del fuego.
Utilización de especies vegetales en los recintos San Ramón y Sántima del cantón Quinindé – Esmeraldas
Authors: Jiménez-González Alfredo , Macías-Ruiz Kerly , Sánchez-Cisneros Elen , Pionce-Andrade Ginger
Published: January 2023

El Ecuador posee gran diversidad de especies de flora y fauna, que proveen productos que son aprovechados para diversos usos, al mismo tiempo representan una fuente de beneficios culturales, sociales y económicos para las comunidades rurales del país. Esta investigación se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar la utilización de especies vegetales en los recintos San Ramón y Sántima del cantón Quinindé, provincia de Esmeraldas. Se aplicaron 392 entrevistas semiestructuradas las cuales fueron dirigidas a pobladores de dichas comunidades. La entrevista contó con 14 preguntas y se tuvo en cuenta cinco grupos etarios. Se analizaron el índice de valor de uso y nivel de uso significativo Tramil. Se identificaron 59 especies de plantas que proveen algún producto. Las especies con mayor valor de uso fueron, Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf, Origanum vulgare L., Mentha spicata L., Eryngium foetidum L., Annona muricata L., Crescentia cujete L. y Bixa orellana L. Las categorías con mayor valor de uso resultaron, alimentos y bebidas (59 especies), medicina humana (42 especies) y ornamentales (12 especies). Annona muricata L., tiene mayor representatividad evidenciado en el nivel de uso superior al 50 % de significancia, seguido de Inga edulis Mart, Origanum vulgare L., Mentha spicata L. y Eryngium foetidum L. Gran parte de estos productos son utilizados como una alternativa para satisfacer las necesidades de la población rural en la región.
University library responses to COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh
Authors: Tasmim Sabiha , Azad Rahat Uddin
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The goal of this study is to evaluate how university libraries responded to the COVID-19 outbreak and explore the significant initiatives taken by libraries during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methodology: This research employed a content analysis approach using a descriptive quantitative study to obtain data from websites of 10 renowned public and private university libraries in Bangladesh based on purposive sampling. A checklist with 30 items in 5 categories was prepared to collect data and were organized in tabular form using Microsoft Excel for further analysis.
Findings: Findings reveal that most of the university libraries offer additional online services, such as 75% of library websites provided information about library services during COVID-19, approximately 63% on an initiative for COVID-19, and 68% provided services considering the COVID-19 situation. The study found 84% of university libraries provided links, searches, and retrieval interfaces, and 90% of universities provided library resources during the pandemic. Most of the university libraries have significant digital library services. On the contrary, around 24% of library websites continue to lack certain services to implement basic accessibility standards.
Research limitation: The limitation of the present study lies in relying on the contents available on the websites of a limited number of university libraries at a given point of time.
Practical implications: This article aims to present a roadmap that libraries can use to make an informed decision while adding new services or enhancing existing ones.
Keywords: Content analysis, COVID-19, coronavirus, library website, remote instruction, SARS-COV-2
Research on the Precision Marketing and Optimization of Pinduoduo in the Context of Big Data
Authors: Tang Jiangting
Published: January 2023

Precision marketing is widely used in mobile applications at present, and big data provides a technical foundation for precision marketing. Precision marketing refers to the use of big data technology to push marketing content to target users through various new media to maximize marketing effects. The implementation of precision marketing through big data has the characteristics of accuracy, large amount of data and target customer-oriented. As an emerging Chinese e-commerce enterprise, Pinduoduo positioned itself as the pioneer of new e-commerce. It is the third-party social e-commerce application focusing on Customer-to-Manufacturer group shopping, that is, with the original social group shopping as the core mode. On the basis of previous research, this paper analyzes the advantages of precision marketing for Pinduoduo under the background of big data, including reducing marketing costs, improving marketing efficiency, reducing the cost of meeting target customers and flexibly adjusting marketing strategies. Pinduoduo still faces some problems despite its rapid development, including the fatigue of target customers due to a large amount of information push, lack of professionals proficient in big data analysis, the possibility of data security risks and the imperfect legal and regulatory system related to big data and precision marketing. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions to optimize the precision marketing of Pinduoduo under the background of big data from four aspects: respecting the choice of target customers, introducing professionals related to big data analysis and mining, training on data security knowledge, and further improving laws and regulations related to big data and precision marketing.
Investigation and analysis of medical students' sense of alienation
Authors: Tao Xiaoyun , Li Shang , Ma Juan , Zhou Mingming
Published: January 2023

In order to investigate the current situation of alienation among medical students, this study adopted the convenience sampling method to select students from a medical university in Guangxi, China as the research objects and measured the alienation level of medical students through the General Information Questionnaire and the Adolescent Alienation Scale. Results: ①The overall level of medical students' alienation was low, nevertheless social alienation and environmental alienation were slightly higher than interpersonal alienation. ②In the context of the coronavirus pandemic, medical students have a high sense of alienation and meaninglessness in their living environment. However, meaninglessness is the highest in the dimension of social alienation, loneliness is the highest in interpersonal alienation, and living environment alienation is the highest in environmental alienation. The alienation level of boys is slightly higher than that of girls. ③Grade, family economic level, and whether there is only one child are important factors affecting medical students' sense of alienation. Among them, the sense of alienation of freshmen is significantly lower than that of sophomores, juniors, and seniors in all dimensions. The level of alienation in the third year each dimension is higher. Poverty-stricken students and children from One Child Families have a high level of alienation, so mental health education in the medical university should be attached great importance.
New Interpretation of the‘To Be or Not to Be’Soliloquy in Hamlet by William Shakespeare
Authors: Zhao Xuefei
Published: January 2023

In Hamlet written by William Shakespeare, there are seven soliloquies uttered by the Hamlet. Most of the soliloquy exists as a paradox: Hamlet is questioning life and death, being and not being. In this paper, the emphasis will be on the most famous ‘To Be or Not to Be’ soliloquy interpreted by Hamlet. This paper gives a new interpretation of the ‘To Be or Not to Be’ soliloquy analyzed from a discourse perspective and a psycholinguistic perspective to demonstrate how it helps to forward the plot to achieve the dramatic effectiveness and to make different characters more distinctive. With this object, the position and the significance of the soliloquy ‘To Be or Not To Be’ in Hamlet is going to be concluded.
An Empirical Analysis of Inclusive Finance Support to the Development of Rural Revitalization in Linyi
Authors: ZHAO JUAN
Published: January 2023

This research adopts the coefficient of variation method to construct Linyi inclusive financial development index and rural revitalization index. According to the standard of international inclusive financial development level, when the inclusive financial development index is between 0 and 1, it indicates that inclusive financial development in the region is from a low level to a high level. The research finds that the degree of inclusive financial development in Linyi is different. Apart from Lanshan District, the level of inclusive financial development in other districts and counties is low, with the unstable inclusive financial development index between 0.01 and 0.15 in most years. After measuring the rural revitalization index, it is found that the Linyi's rural development is better and the regional development is more balanced. Through empirical analysis, the research comes to a conclusion that inclusive finance can effectively promote the rural revitalization in Linyi. Based on the above analysis, the paper puts forward the following suggestions: Linyi should optimize the layout of financial resources, improve the rural financial ecological environment, perfect the credit system of farmers, improve the quality of financial services, and increase the investment in agriculture, forestry and water to guide the upgrading of agricultural industry structure.
The Practice of Formative Assessment in College English Teaching
Authors: Liu Yu
Published: January 2023

With the increasing demand for a higher level of college English teaching, a proper way of evaluation, which is a vital part for the whole process of teaching, is in great need. As an effective method of teaching evaluation, formative assessment has attract great concern among professors and scholars and is now extensively being applied to college English teaching, contributing to the effective implementation of college English teaching evaluation. Based on the present situation of college English teaching, this paper analyzes the challenges and problems that college English teaching is facing and tries to put forward some practical paths to integrate formative assessment into present college English teaching.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for English Language Teaching, Vol. 16, No. 1, January 2023
Authors: Yu Gavin
Published: January 2023

Reviewer Acknowledgements for English Language Teaching, Vol. 16, No. 1, January 2023
Cambio técnico, precios y demanda de factores: Los fertilizantes en la agricultura argentina
Authors: Gallacher Marcos
Published: January 2023

The objective of this paper is to analyze the relative importance of technical change and input prices in explaining factor demand in Argentine agriculture. Motivation for the paper is the fifteen-fold increase in fertilizer demand observed in Argentina in the 1990-2019 period. Results show that in the 1990 – 2019 period increase in fertilizer demand was a result not only of a fall in the fertilizer/crop price ratio, but also on increased marginal productivity of the fertilizer input. It is suggested that this is a result of the increased importance of “knowledge inputs” in the production process.  
Reception date: 24/03/2022 Acceptance date: 22/08/2022