bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feudalism, meritocracy and sexual harassment
Authors: Bordanoba Gallego Lidia , Serradell Olga , Morlà-Folch Teresa , Ruiz-Eugenio Laura , Pulido Cristina
Published: February 2023

Scientific literature has clarified that the contexts of more intense power relations favor sexual harassment and impunity. This article presents the results of a research that has analyzed a legislation aimed at combating sexual harassment that preceded six months earlier the selection and evaluation of faculty. The communicative research methodology followed the criteria of social impact and creation, which are currently required by the European Union research program. In addition to a documentary review, sixteen interviews were conducted, twelve with teachers who led the research that gave rise to these reforms and three with victims who managed to become survivors. The result shows an affirmation shared by all interviewees: the passing of legislation against sexual harassment weakened feudal relationships within universities and made members of the Spanish parliament aware of the need to overcome these relationships through meritocratic evaluation. This result can contribute to a twofold process: that feminisms support democratic and social reforms in universities and that those who elaborate scientific policies know that guaranteeing gender equality and overcoming sexual harassment is the way to promote scientific productivity.
Changes of abdominal organs in children with tuberculosis infection detected by ultrasound diagnostics
Authors: Yarovaya Yulia A. , Lozovskaya Marina E. , Pobezhimova Yulia A. , Vasilieva Elena Borisovna , Klochkova Ludmila V. , Stepanov Gennadii A. , Shibakova Natalia D.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Ultrasound diagnostics of abdominal organs is an early method of detecting functional and structural changes in tuberculosis infection before the manifestation of clinical manifestations. Currently, there are no uniform criteria for interpreting the sonographic pathology of parenchymal organs in tuberculosis infection in children, which requires its analysis.

AIM: The aim is to determine the frequency and nature of sonographic changes in abdominal organs in children with tuberculosis infection, as well as their dynamics against the background of chemotherapy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 192 patients aged 6 months 14 years of tuberculosis department of City Childrens Infectious Hospital No. 3 for the period 20192021 were examined. 3 groups of patients were identified: group 1 92 children with active tuberculosis of the respiratory organs; group 2 52 children with residual post-tuberculosis changes; group 3 48 children with latent tuberculosis infection from tuberculosis risk groups. Comprehensive examination of patients included evaluation of the results of immunodiagnostics (Mantoux test with 2TE and test with recombinant tuberculosis allergen), multispiral computed tomography of the chest, laboratory tests. Ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs was prescribed to children in the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection and on the background of anti-tuberculosis therapy after 3 and 6 months.

RESULTS: Sonographic changes of the liver (reactive and/or intrahepatic cholestasis and/or hepatomegaly) were observed in children with active tuberculosis in 40.2 5.1% of cases, in children of group 3 in 35.4 6.9% of cases and less often in children of group 2 in 17.3 5.3% of cases (p 0.05). Changes of the gallbladder (violations of bile outflow and/or shape changes) in children with active tuberculosis were visualized in 73.9 4.6% of cases, in children of group 3 (60.4 7.1%), less often in children of group 2 (55.8 6.7%, p 0.05 for group 1). Changes of the pancreas were reactive and were more often observed in children of group 1 (in 14.1 3.5%) than in children of group 2 (5.8 3.2%, p 0.05) and group 3 (4.2 2.9%). Changes of the spleen were more often detected in children with active tuberculosis (in 17.4 4.0%) than in children of group 2 (5.8 3.2%, p 0.05) and group 3 (2.1 2.1%, p 0.05). During chemotherapy, there was an increase in the number of sonographic changes of the liver and gallbladder by 23 months, which was due to the undesirable effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs.

CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound diagnostics of the abdominal organs allows the most timely diagnosis of changes in the abdominal organs in children with tuberculosis infection, which allows individualizing pathogenetic therapy, if necessary, tuberculosis chemotherapy regimen.
Combinatorial Optimization of Earthquake Spatial Distributions under Minimum Cumulative Stress Constraints
Authors: Geist Eric L. , Parsons Tom
Published: February 2023

We determine optimal on-fault earthquake spatial distributions using a combinatorial method that minimizes the long-term cumulative stress resolved on the fault. An integer-programming framework was previously developed to determine the optimal arrangement of a millennia-scale earthquake sample that minimizes the misfit to a target slip rate determined from geodetic data. The resulting cumulative stress from just slip-rate optimization, however, can greatly exceed fault strength estimates. Therefore, we add an objective function that minimizes cumulative stress and broad stress constraints to limit the solution space. We find that there is a trade-off in the two objectives: minimizing the cumulative stress on a fault within fault strength limits concentrates earthquakes in specific areas of the fault and results in excursions from the target slip rate. Both slip-rate and stress objectives can be combined in either a weighted or lexicographic (hierarchical) method. Using a combination of objectives, we demonstrate that a Gutenberg–Richter sample of earthquakes can be arranged on a constant slip-rate finite fault with minimal stress and slip-rate residuals. We apply this method to determine the optimal arrangement of earthquakes on the variable slip-rate Nankai megathrust over 5000 yr. The sharp decrease in slip rate at the Tokai section of the fault results in surplus cumulative stress under all scenarios. Using stress optimization alone restricts this stress surplus to the northeast end of the fault at the expense of decreasing the slip rate away from the target slip rate at the southwest end of the fault. A combination of both slip-rate and stress objectives provides an adequate fit to the data, although alternate model formulations for the fault are needed at the Tokai section to explain persistent excess cumulative stress. In general, incorporating stress objectives and constraints into the integer-programming framework adds an important aspect of fault physics to the resulting earthquake rupture forecasts.
Biomass Burning Photochemistry
Authors:   , Lindsay Andrew John , Wood Ezra C
Published: February 2023

Wildfires emit particulate matter, nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2), and a multitude of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). As biomass burning plumes transport downwind, these emissions are photochemically processed and produce secondary pollutants (e.g., ozone (O3) and secondary organic aerosol). The radicals that process these emissions - the hydroxyl radical (OH) and peroxy radicals (HO2 + RO2) - have been historically understudied within biomass burning influenced settings. Our research group utilized a novel peroxy radical sensor ECHAMP (Ethane CHemical AMPlifier) to measure concentrations of total peroxy radicals in several aged biomass burning plumes that were sampled as part of a collaborative field project based in McCall, Idaho, in August 2018. These measurements, combined with those of many other compounds, allow us to gain unique insights into radical photochemistry and ozone formation in air influenced by biomass burning. Measured peroxy radical concentrations also allowed for the assessment of the chemistry mechanisms employed by chemical box models. More recent work has involved measurements of biomass burning relevant compounds by chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS). This includes nitrous acid (HONO) which acts as a dominant radical precursor in freshly emitted biomass burning plumes and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) - a commonly used biomass burning tracer. This CIMS work has mainly focused on (1) development of a new photolytic HONO calibration method and (2) field measurements near Boise, Idaho, in August 2019.
Appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing for upper respiratory tract infection in a tertiary care teaching hospital: a cross sectional study
Authors: Shah Margi , Trivedi Niyati A. , Chauhan Janki
Published: February 2023

Background: Overuse of antibiotics among the patients with upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is a worldwide problem, leading to antimicrobial resistance. This study is aimed to evaluate the appropriateness of the antimicrobial prescribing for upper respiratory tract infections in a tertiary care teaching hospital.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational study. Data was collected from outdoor adult patients who were clinically diagnosed to have URTIs from General Medicine and Otorhinolaryngology Department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. The appropriateness of antibiotics used in URTI was assessed. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results: Total 100 cases, clinically diagnosed to have URTI were included in the study. Among these, common cold (46%) and acute otitis media (23%) were the most frequent encounters. 75% of the prescriptions contained at least one antibiotic. In fact, antibiotics were the most commonly prescribed agents (21.2%) followed by antihistaminic (19.8%) and NSAIDs. 57% of the antibiotics were prescribed inappropriately, either in terms of inappropriate choice (37%) or over use (20%) of antibiotic.
Conclusions: Inappropriate prescription of antibiotics for otherwise self-limiting URTI cases is a common practice even in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Implementation of multifaceted approach is needed to curtail the same.
Study of aetiological factors and clinical profiles of neonatal jaundice in the special newborn care unit of tertiary care hospital of Government Medical College, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir union territory: a hospital-based study
Authors: Iqbal Javaid , Sharma Sudekshan , Naaz Balqies
Published: February 2023

Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia may be physiological or pathological. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common condition requiring inpatient treatment and monitoring and many time requires readmission to hospital. Estimated incidence of jaundice in neonates is 60% to 84% of late term and term infants. Present study was undertaken to study clinical profile of neonates with jaundice at our tertiary care centre.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in neonates with jaundice admitted in SNCU ward during study period with serum bilirubin more than 10 ml/dl.
Results: During study period 339 neonates were considered for presented study. 192 newborns (56.63%) developed jaundice after 72hrs. of birth. Only 28.90% newborns developed jaundice within 24 hrs. Of birth. 61.65% babies were male as compared to 38.34% female babies. Jaundice was most commonly noted in babies delivered at more than 34 weeks gestational age (60.17%), while only 10.02% babies were delivered between 28-32 weeks gestational age. 2500- 4000 gm birth weight babies were 60.14% while only 39.82% babies had weight less than 2500 gms. Incidence of neonatal jaundice was 60.06%, 30.38%, 08.55% in vaginal, caesarean section and instrumental delivery respectively. Physiological jaundice (30.67%), prematurity (25.30%), Rh incompatibility (10.91%), breast feeding/jaundice (10%), ABo incompatibility (6.19) and idiopathic (5.01%) were most common causes noted in our study.
Conclusions: Male gender, 2500-4000 gm birth weight, vaginal delivery, physiological delivery, prematurity were common causes associated neonatal jaundice in our study. Parent counselling and monitoring of baby is most important in management of neonatal jaundice.
Balantidium coli causing acute diarrheal disease in a diabetic
Authors: Bose Sharan , Sai Sooraj , K. V. Rajalakshmi , Y. Dayanandan , Dorairaj Aruna
Published: February 2023

Balantidium coli is a rare, free-living protozoan causing an acute diarrheal disease in human beings similar to amoebic dysentery. It is found in tropical and subtropical regions but is very rare in the Indian subcontinent. It is an exceedingly rare infection and only a handful of case reports have been published worldwide on this infection. Here, we report a case of a Balantidium coli infection presenting as an acute diarrheal disease from South India.
O myśleniu i działaniu po polsku
Authors: Przesmycki Piotr
Published: February 2023

This article entitled „On the Thinking and Feeling in Polish” is an essay, a literary– scientific form of presenting the author`s view on Polish mentality. The author analyzed first the sphere of thought, and then he passed to the voluntarily – emotional sphere and finally he describes the patriotism of the Poles. His opinions are based on the characteristics of deep-rooted in the „Polish soul”, and repeatedly expressed in many ways in the area of Polish history and culture. Both in structure and in this matter, the author refers to the presentation of the „essential content of Polish thinking and feeling” by Fr. prof. Stanislaus Olejnik – nestor of the polish moral theologians. This article „On the Thinking and Feeling in Polish” is both a voice in the still ongoing discussion about „the Poles own portrait”.
Pożyczka na procent. Próba oceny etycznej
Authors: Sobuś Paweł Bogumił
Published: February 2023

From the very beginning of Christianity personal experience with the problem loans on per cent. Statements of the individual Popes and councils and synods responding to the intensifying periodically problem are attesting to it. It should be noted that the evaluations are different from each other. Currently this issue is firmly present in social life in connection with the global economic crisis. And so an attempt to determine limits of the fair loan for the per cent appears to be important.
Ventaja competitiva de las PYMES hortofrutícolas en Colombia: el rol de la innovación abierta y la orientación emprendedora
Authors: Echeverri-Romero Rubén Darío , Silva-Castellanos Tulio Ferney , Ruano-Arcos Leidi Dayely , Sánchez-Álvarez Jherónimo , Ordóñez-Tovar Isabel Daniela
Published: February 2023

Esta investigación estudia los efectos subyacentes de la innovación abierta en la relación entre la orientación emprendedora y la ventaja competitiva. Se comprobaron las hipótesis mediante ecuaciones estructurales en PLS-SEM para los datos recopilados en un instrumento de escala Likert, a una muestra de 102 PYMES hortofrutícolas en el Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Los resultados demuestran que la orientación emprendedora influye positivamente en la innovación abierta; a su vez la innovación abierta afecta la ventaja competitiva, comprobándose así el rol mediador de la innovación abierta. Es decir, no es suficiente que los gerentes de las PYMES sean proactivos, arriesgados e innovadores para alcanzar una ventaja competitiva, también deben incorporar prácticas de innovación abierta para lograr una ventaja competitiva sostenible. Este estudio contribuye a la literatura emergente sobre los efectos subyacentes de la innovación abierta, así como sus efectos en la ventaja competitiva.
Modelado de tópicos aplicado al análisis del papel del aprendizaje automático en revisiones sistemáticas
Authors: Grisales-Aguirre Andrés Mauricio , Figueroa-Vallejo Carlos Julio
Published: February 2023

El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar el papel del aprendizaje automático de datos en las revisiones sistemáticas de literatura. Se aplicó la técnica de Procesamiento de Lenguaje Natural denominada modelado de tópicos, a un conjunto de títulos y resúmenes recopilados de la base de datos Scopus. Especificamente se utilizó la técnica de Asignación Latente de Dirichlet (LDA), a partir de la cual se lograron descubrir y comprender las temáticas subyacentes en la colección de documentos. Los resultados mostraron la utilidad de la técnica utilizada en la revisión exploratoria de literatura, al permitir agrupar los resultados por temáticas. Igualmente, se pudo identificar las áreas y actividades específicas donde más se ha aplicado el aprendizaje automático, en lo referente a revisiones de literatura. Se concluye que la técnica LDA es una estrategia fácil de utilizar y cuyos resultados permiten abordar una amplia colección de documentos de manera sistemática y coherente, reduciendo notablemente el tiempo de la revisión.
Modernidad, capitalismo y universidad. Contienda entre los cuatro ethos históricos en Bolívar Echeverría
Authors: Pérez Fabián , Hincapié Alexánder
Published: February 2023

Como método de lectura de la universidad, se presentan los cuatro ethos históricos de la modernidad capitalista, en la perspectiva del filósofo ecuato-mexicano Bolívar Echeverría. Se problematiza la tesis de que las distintas configuraciones de la universidad ―incluyendo las configuraciones críticas― heredan los problemas de la modernidad a propósito de la sustitución del valor de uso por el valor de cambio, sustitución de la que no escapan los bienes espirituales de la cultura. Para desarrollar esta tesis, se plantean cinco apartados: El problema de la modernidad; Modernidad y capitalismo; El método: una lectura de la universidad a partir de los cuatro ethos históricos; Aproximaciones a una lectura de la universidad desde los cuatro ethos históricos; y Consideraciones finales, en los cuales se plantea la posibilidad de una relectura de toda la historia de la modernidad, de la universidad y del capitalismo, a partir de la contienda entre los cuatro ethos históricos.
El maestro novel y la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales en contextos rurales
Authors: González Víctor , Quiceno Yesenia , Correa Daniela , Vélez Yeraldin , Montoya Luz
Published: February 2023

La educación rural en Colombia es un escenario de constantes cambios sociales, económicos, políticos y culturales. Este estudio aporta elementos teórico-prácticos para la formación de maestros en el programa de Educación Básica con énfasis en Ciencias Naturales y Educación Ambiental de la Universidad de Antioquia, a partir de las singularidades de la enseñanza de las ciencias en contextos rurales. El marco metodológico se sitúa en un paradigma cualitativo-interpretativo con enfoque de estudio de caso instrumental, que busca identificar, a través de escritos narrativos y entrevistas semiestructuradas, las vivencias de tres maestras noveles de escuelas rurales en torno a los conocimientos que han apropiado de su formación profesional. Se analizaron el papel de la formación inicial respecto a su ejercicio docente en escuelas multigrado, la enseñanza basada en proyectos y la problematización de la educación científica en la ruralidad. Se concluye que los programas de formación de maestros deben brindar espacios de reconocimiento de los contextos rurales y aulas multigrado y fortalecer el contacto permanente con los egresados para contrarrestar las condiciones de aislamiento y soledad experimentadas por los docentes noveles a medida que dinamizan sus saberes profesionales en respuesta a las necesidades propias de la ruralidad.
Perceptions of elementary school teachers towards the implementation of the independent curriculum during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Aliyyah Rusi Rusmiati , Rasmitadila  , Gunadi Gugun , Sutisnawati Astri , Febriantina Susan
Published: February 2023

This research aims to explore elementary school teachers' perceptions of implementing an independent curriculum during the COVID-19 pandemic imposed by the Indonesian government as alternative learning to address the problem of learning loss. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 38 teachers in primary schools across 13 different regions in Indonesia. Data analysis using thematic qualitative quasi-analysis. The analysis found four main themes: urgency, challenges, support and teaching strategies in implementing an independent curriculum. The research concludes that the success of the curriculum will be determined mainly by technological readiness, support and collaboration from all stakeholders, both central and local governments, educational quality assurance institutions, universities, schools, teachers, parents and the community. This research contributes to solve the problems faced by the Indonesian government due to the impact of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic which results in low literacy.
Binding Power of Dispute Board Judgment in Construction Dispute Settlement
Authors: Yudhantaka Lintang , Simamora Yohanes Sogar , Ghansham Anand
Published: February 2023

Construction work in its implementation is carried out based on a contract. If there are problems in carrying out construction work, a dispute between the parties, in this case the service user and the service provider, will occur. Indonesia Law No. 2/2017 about Construction Services (hereafter called UU 2/2017) provides a new dispute resolution model option if problems occur in the construction sector, namely through the Dispute Board. The Dispute Board was created by the International Federation of Consulting Engineers / Federation Internationale des Ingenieurs-Conseils or FIDIC which was adopted into UU 2/2017. However, the regulation regarding the Dispute Board in UU 2/2017 needs to be studied further, especially regarding the nature of the final binding decision, because it still raises problems in its implementation. The purpose of this study is to examine the development of dispute resolution in the field of construction and the implementation of the final and binding nature of dispute board decisions. This study employed legal research methods with a conceptual and statute approach. The results of this study found that construction disputes can be resolved through litigation or non-litigation. The presence of the Dispute Board still does not provide legal certainty for the parties because the nature of the decision is final and binding but is not supported by an implementation mechanism.
Exploring a Cooperative Learning Model With a Mixed Methods Design
Authors: Zhang Zhidong , Ramos Liza
Published: February 2023

The exploratory sequential design was used in this study. The mixed methods design consisted of two modules: a qualitative module and a quantitative module. The qualitative module was used to code the data into categories and further into the structure in terms of Saldana’s model. Based on the analysis of the interview transcripts, three themes were recognized to support the cooperative learning models. These three themes were Knowing by Undergone Events and Contexts (KUEC), Implementation and Action (I&A), and Opinions and Perceptions (OP). These three themes consisted of a Collaborative Learning Model describing and evaluating different topic patterns.
Emerging Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutics of the BCL-2 Protein Family: The Apoptotic and Anti-Apoptotic Context
Authors: Paul Shamrat Kumar , Saddam Md. , Habib Mohammad Ahsan , Fahim Md. Abrar , Mimi Afsana , Islam Saiful , Paul Bristi , Helal Md Mostofa Uddin
Published: February 2023

Apoptosis, also known as the programmed death of cells, is responsible for maintaining the homeostasis of tissues and this function is carried out by caspases. The process of apoptosis is carried out via two distinct pathways: the extrinsic pathway, which is governed by death receptors, and the intrinsic pathway, also known as the mitochondrial pathway. The BCL-2 protein family encoded by the BCL-2 gene, located at the 18q21.33 chromosomal location, is in charge of regulating the intrinsic pathway, which is responsible for inducing cell death via the permeabilization of the mitochondrial membrane and the release of apoptosis - inducing components. The BCL-2 homology (BH1, BH2, BH3, BH4) domains of this family proteins are crucial for their functioning and their common BH domains allow interactions between members of the same family and can also serve as indications of pro- or anti-apoptotic activity. A direct correlation may be shown between the overexpression of BCL-2 and the postponement of cell death. It has been determined that a change in the expression of BCL-2 is the root cause of a variety of malignancies, including lung, breast, melanoma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Multiple Sclerosis, Diabetes. In this review, we discuss the therapeutic potential of regulating BCL-2 family connections and their relevance to health and disease.
Exposing the Small Protein Load of Bacterial Life
Authors: Simoens Laure , Fijalkowski Igor , Van Damme Petra
Published: February 2023

The ever-growing repertoire of genomic techniques continues to expand our understanding of true diversity and richness of prokaryotic genomes. Riboproteogenomics laid the foundation for dynamic studies of previously overlooked genomic elements. Most strikingly, bacterial genomes were revealed to harbour robust repertoires of small open reading frames (sORFs) encoding a diverse and broadly expressed range of small proteins, or sORF-encoded polypeptides (SEPs). In recent years, continuous efforts led to great improvements in annotation and characterization of such proteins, yet many challenges remain to fully understand the pervasive nature of small proteins and their impact on bacterial biology. In this work we review recent developments in the dynamic field of bacterial genome reannotation, catalogue important biological roles carried out by small proteins and identify challenges obstructing the way to full understanding of these elusive proteins.
Segmental Acetabular Defects Managed by Augments in Conjunction with CT During Robotic Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Chen Foster , Stoll Thomas
Published: February 2023

Cases:

We present 2 robotic-assisted hip arthroplasty cases with significant segmental acetabular defects that could compromise cup fixation. We outline an algorithmic planning approach on a computed tomography (CT)-based platform to address these defects by predicting augmentation needs, when component adjustments alone are inadequate, and describe the novel combination of augments in conjunction with robotic-assisted hip arthroplasty.

Conclusion:

CT-based robotic-assisted hip arthroplasty is a powerful tool to assess and address acetabular deficiencies. Rudimentary augment planning extracts additional value out of the preoperative CT. However, there remains room for intelligent assessment of hip centers and for deliberate augment planning and execution.
Complete Endoscopic Resection of an Osteoid Osteoma in the Body of a Thoracic Vertebra
Authors: Mangual-Peréz Danny , Martínez-Rivera Arnaldo , Torres-Lugo Norberto J. , Deliz-Jimenez David , Rivera-Rodriguez Gustavo , Claudio-Marcano Alexandra , Montañez-Huertas José M. , Rivera-Colón Yamil
Published: February 2023

Case:

A 29-year-old man presented nontraumatic diffuse thoracic pain. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine showed a cortical lesion with peripheral hyperintensity, a central sclerotic hypointense nidus, and surrounding paraspinal inflammatory changes at the T3 vertebral body. Clinical and radiologic findings were consistent with an osteoid osteoma. The patient successfully underwent an endoscopic partial corpectomy and mass resection. At the 6-month follow-up, radiographs showed complete tumor resolution.

Conclusion:

Endoscopic resection is an adequate and minimally invasive technique for the complete resection of osteoid osteomas.
Correction of Cubitus Varus Using Computer-Assisted Hexapod Multiplanar External Fixators
Authors: Klahs Kyle J. , Polmear Michael M. , Transtrum Bryant , Rodriguez Erick , Abdelgawad Amr , Thabet Ahmed M.
Published: February 2023

Case:

Three male patients, 8-, 13-, and 18-year-old, all developed posttraumatic cubitus varus elbow deformity after distal humerus supracondylar fractures. Each underwent a distal humerus osteotomy with application of a hexapod external fixator to gradually correct the deformity.

Conclusion:

In patients with cubitus varus malunion, the stability of the hexapod external fixation, percutaneous nature of the osteotomy, and availability of running a residual computer-assisted program provides a consistent technique for deformity correction.
Spontaneous Healing of a Posteriorly Displaced Lateral Meniscus Bucket-Handle Tear in a Multiligament Knee Injury
Authors: Green Joshua S. , Seddio Anthony E. , Roybal Dominic , Moran Jay , Katz Lee D. , Medvecky Michael J.
Published: February 2023

Case:

Bucket-handle meniscus tears (BHMTs) typically involve the medial meniscus and often occur with concomitant rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament. We report an unusual case of a polytrauma patient who sustained a bicruciate multiligament knee injury (MLKI) with a posteriorly displaced lateral BHMT that spontaneously healed after reduction of the fragment. At the 2-year follow-up, the lateral meniscus was clinically stable without pain.

Conclusion:

A lateral BHMT with a posteriorly displaced fragment produced an atypical magnetic resonance imaging presentation in a bicruciate MLKI. Meniscal repair was aborted because of extravasation and concerns of compartment syndrome, but spontaneous healing occurred after fragment reduction.
Techniques for Decreasing Bacterial Load for Open Shoulder Surgery
Authors: Panther Eric J. , Hao Kevin A. , Wright Jonathan O. , Schoch Jennifer J. , Ritter Alaina S. , King Joseph J. , Wright Thomas W. , Schoch Bradley S.
Published: February 2023

» Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) 5% has been shown to reduce Cutibacterium acnes load on the skin. BPO 5% with miconazole nitrate (MN) 2% may be beneficial, whereas BPO 5% with clindamycin cream 1% to 1.2% does not seem to have additive effects when compared with BPO 5% alone. Chlorhexidine gluconate solutions reduce the total bacterial load on the skin, but do not seem to have a significant effect on C. acnes.

» ChloraPrep seems to be the best surgical skin preparation to decrease overall positive skin cultures. Preincisional hydrogen peroxide 3% application has been shown to be a cost-effective practice to inhibit growth of C. acnes. Vancomycin powder before deltopectoral interval closure has antimicrobial effects against C. acnes and is a cost-effective practice. Finally, Bactisure surgical lavage is protective against the formation of biofilms.

» IV cefazolin has been shown to be more effective for shoulder arthroplasty infection prophylaxis than antibiotic alternatives such as vancomycin. Thus, patients with a questionable history of penicillin allergy should undergo additional testing.

» For shoulder surgery infection prophylaxis, we recommend the use of BPO 5% cream for 5 days preoperatively with chlorhexidine wipes the night before and the morning of surgery. IV cefazolin should be administered perioperatively, and patients with a questionable history of penicillin allergy should be tested. Surgeons should consider preincisional application of hydrogen peroxide 3% for 5 minutes, followed by standard ChloraPrep preparation. Normal saline should be used for preclosure lavage. Finally, application of vancomycin powder deep to the deltopectoral interval closure should be considered.
Minimizing Makespan in a Permutation Flow Shop Environment: Comparison of Scatter Search, Genetic Algorithm and Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedures
Authors: ÇİÇEKLİ Ural Gökay , DEMİRCAN KESKİN Fatma , KOCAMAZ Murat
Published: February 2023

Solving scheduling problems enables more efficient use of production capacity. It involves defining the sequence of operations, determining the capacity of resources, and balancing workloads. Different methods, especially metaheuristics, have been used to solve these problems. This study presents the application of Scatter Search (SS), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedures (GRASP) for minimizing makespan in a permutation flow shop environment. In this study, the performances of these methods are compared through various test problems in the literature and a real-life problem of a company operating in the automotive sector. Study comprises 48 jobs that must be planned within a day for eight consecutive operations. In cellular manufacturing, the sequence in which each job is processed in eight operations is the same. In solving permutation flow shop scheduling problems (PFSP), one of the NP-hard problems, meta-heuristic methods are widely applied due to their successful results. From this point of view, SS, GA, and GRASP are employed in this study, and their performances are compared.
El sistema médico de emergencias de Madrid a prueba: análisis del rendimiento espaciotemporal del SAMUR-PC en los primeros meses de la nueva normalidad postCOVID-19
Authors: Pérez-Fernández Onel , Moya-Gómez Borja
Published: February 2023

Quienes requieren de atención sanitaria de emergencia no pueden esperar. Las ambulancias deben llegar al lugar del suceso lo más rápido posible. Las ambulancias suelen estar asignadas a bases, que se distribuyen por toda la ciudad para minimizar el tiempo de llegada al suceso. Sin embargo, la distribución espacial de los sucesos cambia a lo largo del día, debido al ritmo y uso que las personas hacen de la ciudad. Este artículo evalúa, por medio de modelos de localización-asignación, el desempeño espaciotemporal del SAMUR-PC, el Servicio Médico de Emergencias de Madrid (España) en dos escenarios diferenciados, antes de la pandemia de la COVID-19 y durante los primeros meses de la nueva normalidad. Los resultados muestran que el sistema respondió relativamente bien al cambio de los patrones de los sucesos debidos a la pandemia, aunque hubiese sido necesario hacer algunas intervenciones para garantizar el mismo servicio que antes de la crisis epidemiológica.
Nivel de habilidades blandas en los docentes y su incidencia en la actitud de los estudiantes hacia el aprendizaje en el Instituto Superior Orson Welles de Lima, 2020
Authors:   , Escalante Aguilar Arturo
Published: February 2023

El nuevo paradigma educativo afirma que los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje no solo deben ceñirse al manejo de habilidades cognitivas, sino que deben fortalecer el manejo de destrezas blandas para lograr una formación integral, especialmente en la educación superior tecnológica. Frente a este panorama, la pregunta es: ¿Los docentes tienen desarrolladas las habilidades no cognitivas para replicarlas en los estudiantes? El presente trabajo tuvo por finalidad establecer la incidencia de las habilidades blandas de los docentes en las actitudes de los estudiantes hacia el aprendizaje en el Instituto Superior Tecnológico Orson Welles. El tipo de diseño de investigación fue transeccional no experimental con enfoque cuantitativo, pues establece una relación entre dos variables de investigación: habilidades blandas y actitud hacia el aprendizaje. El nivel de investigación fue explicativo y la técnica utilizada fue la encuesta, siendo el instrumento aplicado el cuestionario. Este fue validado por juicio de expertos y la confiabilidad se comprobó a través del Coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach. La prueba de hipótesis del estudio determinó que el nivel de habilidades blandas que manejan los docentes tiene alta incidencia en las actitudes hacia el aprendizaje de los estudiantes del Instituto Superior Tecnológico Orson Welles (Prueba de Chi cuadrado, p<0,05), los mismos que alcanzaron un 80,6%. Por lo que se concluye que hay una incidencia significativa de una variable sobre otra.
Outbreaks of acute infectious bursal disease of chickens in Maiduguri, Nigeria (2008-2018): retrospective survey
Authors: Badau Samaila Jonathan , Igbokwe Ikechukwu Onyebuchi , Hassan Shehu Usman , El-Yuguda Abdul-Dahiru
Published: February 2023

Acute infectious bursal disease (IBD) outbreak caused by virulent IBD virus undermines profitable chicken production in Nigeria. Veterinary clinic-based passive surveillance is carried out by postmortem diagnosis of clinical cases submitted during disease outbreaks. Records of IBD outbreaks from two veterinary hospitals in Maiduguri, Nigeria, were extracted among all disease outbreaks in chicken flocks in the period 2008-2018. Data showed that IBD outbreaks occurred in 493 (7.6%, [95% CI: 7.0-8.3%]) out of 6,486 disease outbreaks in chicken flocks within the period. The year-specific prevalence of outbreaks varied from 1.6% (95% CI: 0.9-2.3%) to 17.3% (95% CI: 12.9-21.7%) and fitted a linear trend (r = -0.73; P<0.01) over the years, with significant (P<0.001) association with the years. The chicken-type-specific prevalence varied significantly (P < 0.05) with 25.0% in Noilers (dual-purpose), 7.2% in broilers, 7.1% in layers, 9.1% in local chickens (9.1%) and 17.4% in exotic cockerels. The ages of chickens at the time of outbreaks were 2-27 weeks; modal age was 4-5 weeks while mean age was 5.0±1.7 weeks. The mortality rate was 12.6% (95% CI: 5.9-16.2) out of total flock size of 38,485 in 2015-2018. Specific lesions for diagnosis of acute IBD during surveillance were acute exudative inflammatory swelling of bursa of Fabricius [+/-hemorrhages] (90.9%), along with hemorrhages in thigh, leg and/or breast muscles (72.2%), mucosal hemorrhages at proventriculus-ventriculus junction [+/- enteritis] (24.9%), and nephropathy (7.7%); but few cases lacked bursal swelling (9.1%). Thus, acute IBD outbreak in chickens was endemic with time-related risk factors unaccounted for during passive surveillance.
Impact of Corporate Governance on Bank’s Financial Performance in Ethiopia
Authors: Kassaw Moges Mengstu
Published: February 2023

The objective of this study is to investigate empirically the impact of corporate governance on banks’ financial performance in Ethiopia using panel data over the period 2005-2021. Since the data is secondary in nature, the quantitative approach to research was used to measure the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on banks’ financial performance which is measured by ROA. As well, the Feasible Generalized Least Square (FGLS) estimation was used. The FGLS is preferred to the pooled OLS, fixed effect, and random effect model based on the joint effect of an entity in the pooled, variation across entities has not random and correlated in the random effect model, and heteroscedasticity and serial correlation problem in the fixed effect model. The overall FGLS regression result reveals that the model is significant at a 1% level. The regression analysis that six explanatory variables have been found significant effect on the financial performance of bank firms in Ethiopia, management efficiency and asset quality had a negative significant impact on bank performance, whereas bank size, liquidity ratio, legal reserve, and loan to deposit ratio were positively and significantly affect bank performance.
Finding the needle in the haystack of isokinetic knee data: Random Forest modelling improves return-to-sport information
Authors: Nolte Kevin , Gerharz Alexander , Jaitner Thomas , Knicker Axel J. , Alt Tobias
Published: February 2023

Background: The difficulties of rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, subsequent return-to-sport (RTS) let alone achieving pre-injury performance are well known. Isokinetic testing is often used to assess strength capacities during that process. The aim of the present applied machine learning (ML) approach was to examine which isokinetic data differentiates athletes post ACL reconstruction and healthy controls.
Data from unilateral concentric and eccentric knee flexor and extensor tests (30°/s, 150°/s) was used to train Random Forest models from 366 male (63 post ACL reconstruction) and 183 female (72 post ACL reconstruction) athletes. Via a cross validation predictive performance was evaluated and accumulated local effects plots analysed the features of the models.
Results: Random Forest showed outstanding predictive performance for male (AUC=0.90, sensitivity=0.76, specificity=0.88) and female (AUC=0.92, sensitivity=0.85, specificity=0.89) athletes. For both male and female athletes, the ten most impactful features on the predictive likelihood of the model either referred to the disadvantageous (injured, non-dominant in control group) leg or to lateral differences. The eccentric hamstring work at 150°/s was identified as the most impactful single parameter.
Conclusion: A ML model trained with parameters from isokinetic knee data discriminated between athletes 6 to 24 months post ACL reconstruction and healthy athletes with high accuracy. We see potential for improving RTS decision making by incorporating and combining measures, which focus on hamstring strength, leg symmetry and contractional work.
Effects of anime characters’ facial expressions on donation behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Takagi Hisashi , Terada Kazunori
Published: February 2023

With the increasing demand for donations via the Internet, virtual agents (VAs) will be increasingly used to motivate people to donate in the future. Previous research suggests that VAs' with facial expressions indicating an emotional response to donations over and above a given minimum threshold may be effective in soliciting donations from people. In this study, we investigated whether VAs could induce human participants to donate a given amount of money encoded as a limit expressed by emotional responses using the dictator game. In contrast to prior works, the results showed that emotional responses had no effect on the amounts donated. We conducted an additional experiment to consider anchoring effects (Experiment 2), donation recipients (Experiments 3, 4, and 5), and social norms (Experiments 4 and 5). The results showed that facial expressions had no effect in any of the experiments. However, in Experiment 4, the amount of donations decreased more for recipients suffering from COVID-19 than children orphand in traffic accidents. In addition, we conducted a meta-analysis to combine the experimental results. These results showed that VAs that displayed facial expressions received an increased amount of donations, although the magnitude of this effect was limited; second, offers to people suffering from COVID-19 tended to decrease more than offers to children orphand in traffic accidents. This suggest that an agent's motivation for requesting donations via emotional expressions may impact the amounts received; these results may have been influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Effect of intensive nutrition education and counseling on nutritional status of pregnant women in East Shoa Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Wakwoya Ermias Bekele , Belachew Tefera , Girma Tsinuel
Published: February 2023

Background: Maternal malnutrition is widespread throughout the world, with Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia bearing the brunt of the burden. The objective this study was to evaluate the effect of intensive nutrition education and counseling on nutritional status during pregnancy.
Methods and Materials: The study was a one-year two-arm parallel design cluster randomized controlled trial conducted in East Shoa zone, Ethiopia from January 4, 2021, to February 28, 2022. A total of 374 were enrolled in the intervention (n = 185) and control (n = 189) groups. End-line data were collected from 163 women, from each intervention and control group. The intervention package provided was a three counseling sessions by trained midwives, a 3 page take-home brochures prepared in local languages distributed and 18 weekly serial short message texts were delivered. The women in the control group received routine nutrition education from the health facilities. After adjusting for potential confounders, a linear mixed-effects model was used to assess the intervention effect.
Results: After the intervention, the mean mid-upper arm circumference in the intervention group increased by 36% (23.08 Vs 23.44, p < 0.01). Similarly, the proportion of undernutrition in the intervention group was 11% (25% Vs 36%, p = 0.02) lower compared to the control arm. At the end of the trial, women in the intervention arm had significantly better nutritional status than women in the control group (β = 0.47, p < 0.01).
Conclusion: The finding showed that intensive nutrition education and counseling using the health belief model was effective in improving nutritional status and reducing under nutrition among pregnant women. As a result, nutrition education and counseling using HBM constructs, as well as regular reminder messages, should be provided to pregnant women as part of the routine antenatal care service.
Effects of FIFA 11+ warm-up program on kinematics and proprioception in adolescent male and female soccer players; a parallel‑group randomized control trial
Authors: Seyedi Mohammadreza , Zarei Mostafa , Daneshjoo Abdolhamid , Rajabi Reza , Shirzad Elham , Mozafaripour Esmaeil , Mohammadpour Shadan
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to compare the effects of 8 weeks 11+ warm-up injury prevention program on kinematics and proprioception in adolescent male and female soccer players. forty adolescent soccer players (20 males, 20 females) aged between 14-16 years old were randomly assigned into four groups. The experimental group performed the 11+ program for 8 weeks and the control group did their warm-up program. The kinematic variable in a cutting maneuver was measured using VICON motion analysis and ankle and knees’ proprioception by joint position sense(JPS) was measured using a digital inclinometer. For kinematic variables only significant differences in knee valgus among females 11+ compared with female and male control groups were found (P < 0.05). Moreover, there were significant improvements in joint position sense variables in 11+ groups compared to control groups (P< 0.05). In conclusion, the 11+ program was proven to be a useful warm-up protocol in improving knee valgus and JPS among female and male adolescent soccer players. We suggest adding more training elements to the 11+ program that aimed to enhance the proper alignment of lower extremities which may consequently improve joint kinematics.
Native and exotic species post - dispersal seed predation: a community scale approach
Authors: Campagna Maria Sofia , Barberá Ivan , Morán-López Teresa
Published: February 2023

Seed predation is one of the most important biotic filters that determines whether an exotic species can become part of the community. Rodents are generalist seed consumers whose feeding preferences can affect the exotic species recruitment. Their foraging decisions are often modulated by seed traits, abundance, and the environmental context in which rodents encounter seeds. Besides, the consumption preference for exotic seeds may depend on how different they are from natives. We evaluated the combined effect of species-specific seed size, their relative abundance, and vegetation structure on predation rates of native and exotic plant species in a Patagonian forest, where two species of contrasting seed sizes are naturalized (Prunus cerasus and Rubus ideaeus). We performed a cafeteria experiment in which we offered seeds of native and exotic species in paired plots located in microhabitats with shrub cover or open. In plots located under shrub cover seed predation rates were 2.3 times higher than in open areas. Feeding preferences of rodents were driven by seed size, selecting seeds of intermediate sizes. As result, they strongly avoided large exotic Prunus seeds, but consumed intermediate Rubus seeds at similar rates to natives. Thereby, in our system, size is a strong modulator of post-dispersal predation of exotic seeds and rarity does not confer any advantage to exotics. Low predation rates in open areas suggest that they could be regeneration foci for all species. Future work quantifying recruitment across microhabitats will allow to evaluate if patterns here found have an imprint in the seedling community.