bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interannual changes in atmospheric oxidation over forests determined from space
Authors: Shutter Joshua D. , Millet Dylan B. , Wells Kelley C. , Payne Vivienne H. , Nowlan Caroline R. , Abad Gonzalo González
Published: May 2024

The hydroxyl radical (OH) is the central oxidant in Earth’s troposphere, but its temporal variability is poorly understood. We combine 2012–2020 satellite-based isoprene and formaldehyde measurements to identify coherent OH changes over temperate and tropical forests with attribution to emission trends, biotic stressors, and climate. We identify a multiyear OH decrease over the Southeast United States and show that with increasingly hot/dry summers the regional chemistry could become even less oxidizing depending on competing temperature/drought impacts on isoprene. Furthermore, while global mean OH decreases during El Niño, we show that near-field effects over tropical rainforests can alternate between high/low OH anomalies due to opposing fire and biogenic emission impacts. Results provide insights into how atmospheric oxidation will evolve with changing emissions and climate.
Picosecond carrier dynamics in InAs and GaAs revealed by ultrafast electron microscopy
Authors: Perez Christopher , Ellis Scott R. , Alcorn Francis M. , Smoll Eric J. , Fuller Elliot J. , Leonard Francois , Chandler David , Talin A. Alec , Bisht Ravindra Singh , Ramanathan Shriram , Goodson Kenneth E. , Kumar Suhas
Published: May 2024

Understanding the limits of spatiotemporal carrier dynamics, especially in III-V semiconductors, is key to designing ultrafast and ultrasmall optoelectronic components. However, identifying such limits and the properties controlling them has been elusive. Here, using scanning ultrafast electron microscopy, in bulk n-GaAs and p-InAs, we simultaneously measure picosecond carrier dynamics along with three related quantities: subsurface band bending, above-surface vacuum potentials, and surface trap densities. We make two unexpected observations. First, we uncover a negative-time contrast in secondary electrons resulting from an interplay among these quantities. Second, despite dopant concentrations and surface state densities differing by many orders of magnitude between the two materials, their carrier dynamics, measured by photoexcited band bending and filling of surface states, occur at a seemingly common timescale of about 100 ps. This observation may indicate fundamental kinetic limits tied to a multitude of material and surface properties of optoelectronic III-V semiconductors and highlights the need for techniques that simultaneously measure electro-optical kinetic properties.
An ultrawide field-of-view pinhole compound eye using hemispherical nanowire array for robot vision
Authors: Zhou Yu , Sun Zhibo , Ding Yucheng , Yuan Zhengnan , Qiu Xiao , Cao Yang Bryan , Wan Zhu’an , Long Zhenghao , Poddar Swapnadeep , Kumar Shivam , Ye Wenhao , Chan Chak Lam Jonathan , Zhang Daquan , Ren Beitao , Zhang Qianpeng , Kwok Hoi-Sing , Li Mitch Guijun , Fan Zhiyong
Published: May 2024

Garnering inspiration from biological compound eyes, artificial vision systems boasting a vivid range of diverse visual functional traits have come to the fore recently. However, most of these artificial systems rely on transformable electronics, which suffer from the complexity and constrained geometry of global deformation, as well as potential mismatches between optical and detector units. Here, we present a unique pinhole compound eye that combines a three-dimensionally printed honeycomb optical structure with a hemispherical, all-solid-state, high-density perovskite nanowire photodetector array. The lens-free pinhole structure can be designed and fabricated with an arbitrary layout to match the underlying image sensor. Optical simulations and imaging results matched well with each other and substantiated the key characteristics and capabilities of our system, which include an ultrawide field of view, accurate target positioning, and motion tracking function. We further demonstrate the potential of our unique compound eye for advanced robotic vision by successfully completing a moving target tracking mission.
SRC inhibition enables formation of a growth suppressive MAGI1-PP2A complex in isocitrate dehydrogenase-mutant cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Luk Iris S. , Bridgwater Caroline M. , Yu Angela , Boila Liberalis D. , Yáñez-Bartolomé Mariana , Lampano Aaron E. , Hulahan Taylor S. , Boukhali Myriam , Kathiresan Meena , Macarulla Teresa , Kenerson Heidi L. , Yamamoto Naomi , Sokolov David , Engstrom Ian A. , Sullivan Lucas B. , Lampe Paul D. , Cooper Jonathan A. , Yeung Raymond S. , Tian Tian V. , Haas Wilhelm , Saha Supriya K. , Kugel Sita
Published: May 2024

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is an aggressive bile duct malignancy that frequently exhibits isocitrate dehydrogenase (
IDH1/IDH2
) mutations. Mutant IDH (IDHm) ICC is dependent on SRC kinase for growth and survival and is hypersensitive to inhibition by dasatinib, but the molecular mechanism underlying this sensitivity is unclear. We found that dasatinib reduced p70 S6 kinase (S6K) and ribosomal protein S6 (S6), leading to substantial reductions in cell size and de novo protein synthesis. Using an unbiased phosphoproteomic screen, we identified membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW, and PDZ domain containing 1 (MAGI1) as an SRC substrate in IDHm ICC. Biochemical and functional assays further showed that SRC inhibits a latent tumor-suppressing function of the MAGI1–protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) complex to activate S6K/S6 signaling in IDHm ICC. Inhibiting SRC led to activation and increased access of PP2A to dephosphorylate S6K, resulting in cell death. Evidence from patient tissue and cell line models revealed that both intrinsic and extrinsic resistance to dasatinib is due to increased phospho-S6 (pS6). To block pS6, we paired dasatinib with the S6K/AKT inhibitor M2698, which led to a marked reduction in pS6 in IDHm ICC cell lines and patient-derived organoids in vitro and substantial growth inhibition in ICC patient-derived xenografts in vivo. Together, these results elucidated the mechanism of action of dasatinib in IDHm ICC, revealed a signaling complex regulating S6K phosphorylation independent of mTOR, suggested markers for dasatinib sensitivity, and described a combination therapy for IDHm ICC that may be actionable in the clinic.
Neuronal population activity in the olivocerebellum encodes the frequency of essential tremor in mice and patients
Authors: Wang Yi-Mei , Liu Chia-Wei , Chen Shun-Ying , Lu Liang-Yin , Liu Wen-Chuan , Wang Jia-Huei , Ni Chun-Lun , Wong Shi-Bing , Kumar Ami , Lee Jye-Chang , Kuo Sheng-Han , Wu Shun-Chi , Pan Ming-Kai
Published: May 2024

Essential tremor (ET) is the most prevalent movement disorder, characterized primarily by action tremor, an involuntary rhythmic movement with a specific frequency. However, the neuronal mechanism underlying the coding of tremor frequency remains unexplored. Here, we used in vivo electrophysiology, optogenetics, and simultaneous motion tracking in the
Grid2

dupE3

mouse model to investigate whether and how neuronal activity in the olivocerebellum determines the frequency of essential tremor. We report that tremor frequency was encoded by the temporal coherence of population neuronal firing within the olivocerebellums of these mice, leading to frequency-dependent cerebellar oscillations and tremors. This mechanism was precise and generalizable, enabling us to use optogenetic stimulation of the deep cerebellar nuclei to induce frequency-specific tremors in wild-type mice or alter tremor frequencies in tremor mice. In patients with ET, we showed that deep brain stimulation of the thalamus suppressed tremor symptoms but did not eliminate cerebellar oscillations measured by electroencephalgraphy, indicating that tremor-related oscillations in the cerebellum do not require the reciprocal interactions with the thalamus. Frequency-disrupting transcranial alternating current stimulation of the cerebellum could suppress tremor amplitudes, confirming the frequency modulatory role of the cerebellum in patients with ET. These findings offer a neurodynamic basis for the frequency-dependent stimulation of the cerebellum to treat essential tremor.
mSphere of Influence: Retreading old ground—the beauty in multi-omic data sets
Authors: Morgan Ethan L.
Published: May 2024

Ethan L. Morgan works on human papillomaviruses (HPVs), with a specific interest in identifying how HPV induces tumor formation. In this mSphere of Influence article, he reflects on how three papers influenced him. “Comprehensive genomic characterization of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas” (The Cancer Genome Atlas Network, Nature 517:576–582, 2015,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14129
) and “Integrated genomic and molecular characterization of cervical cancer” (The Cancer Genome Atlas Network, Nature 543: 378–384, 2017,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature21386
) showed him the power behind comprehensive multi-omic analyses to understand disease biology, while “Human papillomavirus E7 oncoprotein targets RNF168 to hijack the host DNA damage response” (J. Sitz et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 116:19552–19562, 2019,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1906102116
) reinforced how this can be used to undercover potential new drug targets in HPV-associated disease.
Impact of a private sector living wage intervention on depressive symptoms among apparel workers in the Dominican Republic: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Burmaster Katharine B , Landefeld John C , Rehkopf David H , Lahiff Maureen , Sokal-Gutierrez Karen , Adler-Milstein Sarah , Fernald Lia C H
Published: May 2024

Objectives

Poverty reduction interventions through cash transfers and microcredit have had mixed effects on mental health. In this quasi-experimental study, we evaluate the effect of a living wage intervention on depressive symptoms of apparel factory workers in the Dominican Republic.

Setting

Two apparel factories in the Dominican Republic.

Participants

The final sample consisted of 204 hourly wage workers from the intervention (99) and comparison (105) factories.

Interventions

In 2010, an apparel factory began a living wage intervention including a 350% wage increase and significant workplace improvements. The wage increase was plausibly exogenous because workers were not aware of the living wage when applying for jobs and expected to be paid the usual minimum wage. These individuals were compared with workers at a similar local factory paying minimum wage, 15–16 months postintervention.

Primary outcome measures

Workers’ depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D). Ordinary least squares and Poisson regressions were used to evaluate treatment effect of the intervention, adjusted for covariates.

Results

Intervention factory workers had fewer depressive symptoms than comparison factory workers (unadjusted mean CES-D scores: 10.6±9.3 vs 14.7±11.6, p=0.007). These results were sustained when controlling for covariates (β=−5.4, 95% CI −8.5 to −2.3, p=0.001). In adjusted analyses using the standard CES-D clinical cut-off of 16, workers at the intervention factory had a 47% reduced risk of clinically significant levels of depressive symptoms compared with workers at the comparison factory (23% vs 40%).

Conclusions

Policymakers have long grappled with how best to improve mental health among populations in low-income and middle-income countries. We find that providing a living wage and workplace improvements to improve income and well-being in a disadvantaged population is associated with reduced depressive symptoms.
The design of a multicentre Canadian surveillance study of sedation safety in the paediatric emergency department
Authors: Bhatt Maala , Roback Mark G , Joubert Gary , Farion Ken J , Ali Samina , Beno Suzanne , McTimoney C Michelle , Dixon Andrew , Dubrovsky Alexander Sasha , Barrowman Nick , Johnson David W
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Procedural sedation and analgesia have become standard practice in paediatric emergency departments worldwide. Although generally regarded as safe, serious adverse events such as bradycardia, asystole, pulmonary aspiration, permanent neurological injury and death have been reported, but their incidence is unknown due to the infrequency of their occurrence and lack of surveillance of sedation safety. To improve our understanding of the safety, comparative effectiveness and variation in care in paediatric procedural sedation, we are establishing a multicentre patient registry with the goal of conducting regular and ongoing surveillance for adverse events in procedural sedation.

Methods

This multicentre, prospective cohort study is enrolling patients under 18 years of age from six paediatric emergency departments across Canada. Data collection is fully integrated into clinical care and is performed electronically in real time by the healthcare professionals caring for the patient. The primary outcome is the proportion of patients who experience a serious adverse event as a result of their sedation. Secondary outcomes include the proportion of patients who experience an adverse event that could lead to a serious adverse event, proportion of patients who receive a significant intervention in response to an adverse event, proportion of patients who experience a successful sedation, and proportion of patients who experience a paradoxical reaction to sedation. There is no predetermined end date for data collection.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics approval has been obtained from participating sites. Results will be disseminated using a multifaceted knowledge translation strategy by presenting at international conferences, publication in peer-reviewed journals, and through established networks.
Calculations of positron scattering from small molecules
Authors: Mori N. A. , Bray I. , Fursa D. V.
Published: May 2024

Recently, convergent close-coupling calculations have been completed for positron scattering from the carbon and oxygen atomic targets. These, together with previously completed calculations for atomic hydrogen, are utilized to perform positron scattering calculations for molecular hydrogen ($$\hbox {H}_2$$

H
2

), molecular oxygen ($$\hbox {O}_2$$

O
2

), diatomic carbon ($$\hbox {C}_2$$

C
2

), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide ($$\hbox {CO}_2$$

CO
2

), ozone ($$\hbox {O}_3$$

O
3

), water ($$\hbox {H}_2\hbox {O}$$

H
2

O

), and methane ($$\hbox {CH}_4$$

CH
4

) through a modified independent atom approach. For these molecules, positronium-formation, direct ionization, electron-loss, elastic, total electronic excitation, total inelastic, and total cross sections are obtained for energies between 0.1 and 5000 eV. There is, in general, good agreement between the current results and past experiments for most transitions, particularly at high energies where this approach is expected to be most accurate.

Graphic Abstract
Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Haemonchus contortus in Sheep Slaughtered at Bahir Dar Municipal Abattoir, Ethiopia
Authors: Regassa Dereje , Birhane Aschalech , Getahun Yihenew , Chalchisa Adugna
Published: May 2024

Haemonchus contortus is a blood sucking parasite resulting a massive economic loss in tropical and subtropical sheep rearing areas. A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of haemonchosis and its predictors at Bahir Dar municipal abattoir, northwestern Ethiopia, from December 2022 to April 2023. A total of 378 abomasum of sheep were taken by using systematic random sampling and inspected according to standard procedures. Accordingly, the findings of this study revealed an overall prevalence of 34.40% (30/378) (95% CI: 29.75-39.35). The presence of H. contortus in female sheep (46.41%) was significantly higher than in male (23.35%) (P<0.001). The same is true; prevalence of haemonchosis in young (<1 year) sheep was 43.33% significantly (P<0.001) higher than that of adult (≥1 year) which was 26.26%. Based the origin of the animals in the current study, it was nonsignificant variation (P=0.386). The current study depicted that H. contortus infection is a common parasitic disease and requires remarkable attention to the prevention and control of haemonchosis at the study area.
Determination of the Prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides in Children under the Age of Five Years Attending at Kongowe Health Centre, Kibaha District, Pwani Region
Authors: Hamad Adnan A. , Mauti Godfrey O.
Published: May 2024

Background. The worldwide distribution and occurrence show that more than 1.8 billion people, accounting for 28% of the global population, are infected with A. lumbricoides infection due to poor hygiene. The World Health Organization aims to eliminate morbidity from A. lumbricoides infection in children by 2030 by at least 75%. Surveys in the Pwani Region of Tanzania have shown poor hygienic risk factors due to high population and lack of sufficient toilets/latrines, poor sewage waste disposal, and insufficient clean drinking water that encourages the reproduction, transmission, and reinfection of A. lumbricoides. No study has been conducted in Pwani Region to determine the extent of A. lumbricoides infection among the population. This research tends to explore more about the status of A. lumbricoides infection in Kibaha District in the Pwani Region, Tanzania. Methods. A cross-sectional study was done on 400 children (170 males and 230 females) who were under the age of 5 years old at Kongowe Health Centre. Collected data for A. lumbricoides infection measured were analyzed using Microsoft Excel, while data for sociodemographic findings and risk assessment were subjected to bivariate and multivariable analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 28.0.1.0 software (SPSS Inc., USA) at the level of significance of P<0.05. Results. Of the 400 children who participated in the laboratory testing of A. lumbricoides infection, 194 were found positive for A. lumbricoides infection. Amongst the 194 children who were found to be positive, 4.1%, 38.7%, and 57.2% were found to be in the age group of below 1 year old, 1 to 2, and 3 to 4 years old, respectively. The tabulated responses on the social demographic responses showed that 81.8% of the responses at P=0.041 and 80.6% at P=0.101 knew that A. lumbricoides infection is acquired from faeces and uncooked food, respectively, as 61.8% at P=0.132 and 63.2% at P=0.085 respondents did not accept that soil and dirty water, respectively, were not sources of A. lumbricoides infection. At P=0.612 and P=0.022, 64% and 91.2% of the respondents showed the importance of using latrines/toilets and washing fruits, respectively. Further results showed that 69.8% and 37.6% of the respondents reacted with no importance of washing hands with soap after using a toilet/latrine and no need to treat or boil water before drinking, respectively. Conclusions. A. lumbricoides infection has a high prevalence in infants of the Kibaha District of Tanzania, especially in Kongowe village. The infection is dominant in males compared to female children. The prevalence is due to risk factors such as inadequate sanitation, low level of education, knowledge, and awareness of prevention strategies.
COVID-19 Vaccines in the Pediatric Population: A Focus on Cardiac Patients
Authors: Lababidi Ghena , Lababidi Hossam , Bitar Fadi , Arabi Mariam
Published: May 2024

Due to the deleterious global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, tremendous effort has been invested in the development of vaccines against the virus. Vaccine candidates are first tested in adult populations, a number of which have been approved for EUL by the WHO, and are in use across the USA and MENA region. The question remains whether these (or other) vaccines should be recommended to a neonatal, pediatric, and/or adolescent cohort. Incidence and severity of COVID-19 infection are low in pediatric, neonatal, and adolescent patients. Since both overall incidence and severity are lower in children than in adults, safety is an important consideration in vaccine approval for these age groups, in addition to efficacy and a decreased risk of transmission. The following review discusses vaccine immunology in children aged 0–18 years, with emphasis on the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of children, considerations for pediatric vaccine approval, and available vaccines for pediatric cohorts along with a breakdown of the efficacy, advantages, and disadvantages for each. This review also contains current and future perspectives, as well as a section on the cardiovascular implications and related dynamics of pediatric COVID-19 vaccination.
Toxoplasmosis and Chlamydophilosis in Small Ruminant Farms in Cameroon: Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Perception of Zoonotic Risks of Farmers
Authors: Nankam Chimi Roland , Kouamo Justin , Simo Kouam Michel Alain , Dzousse Fotsac Muller , Chermapi Dembeng Raphael , Kouengoua Kouengoua Armelle Prudence , Simo Louokdom Josué , Ngoula Ferdinand
Published: May 2024

Zoonotic abortive diseases represent a significant health and economic risk for national public health. This cross‐sectional survey was conducted from April to October 2021 among 200 selected small ruminant farmers in the three northern regions of Cameroon. Data collection was done through questionnaires administered by exchange with the herder, and responses were coded and recorded on an Excel spreadsheet. The data were then analyzed with R software, version 2.13.0. An ANOVA test was used to assess significant differences in mean of Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Perception of zoonotic risks (KAPP) scores between regions. Pearson correlations were used to calculate the association between KAPP scores within regions. Small ruminant farmers surveyed had low mean scores for knowledge of abortive toxoplasmosis and chlamydophilosis (0.1 ± 0.2), desirable attitude (0.32 ± 0.07), appropriate practice (0.36 ± 0.13) in managing abortion, and positive perception of zoonotic risks of toxoplasmosis and chlamydophilosis in small ruminants (0.12 ± 0.33), respectively. KAPP was significantly (P < 0.01) and positively associated with knowledge (r = 0.98) and risk perception (r = 0.99). However, attitudes (r = 0.06), practices (r = 0.05), and risk perception of toxoplasmosis (r = 0.07) and chlamydophilosis (r = 0.08) were not associated with farmers’ knowledge. This study revealed significant knowledge gaps, low levels of desired attitudes, and high‐risk behavioral practices. These results therefore call for capacity building of health professionals and farmers to better integrate the One Health concept in the management of neglected zoonotic diseases.
Histomorphometric Evaluation of New Bone Formation, Dimensional Changes, and Residual Particles in Alveolar Ridge Preservation Techniques Using InterOss® Anorganic Cancellous Bone Graft: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Elizalde-Mota Melanie Karoly , Hernández-Romero Cindy , Sanchez-Sosa Sergio , Rocha–Rocha Valeria Magali , Espinosa-Arreola Maritza
Published: May 2024

Background and Objective. Following tooth extraction, socket healing leads to bone remodeling, which generally results in significant local anatomical changes in the height and width of the residual alveolar ridge. This study aimed to compare dimensional changes through histological and histomorphometric evaluation of newly formed bone and residual graft particles. Materials and Methods. We worked on 14 single‐root or premolar teeth with fused roots with an indication for the preservation of the alveolar ridge and the subsequent placement of a dental implant. The techniques performed in the study were the Bartee technique for the preservation of the alveolar crest in seven teeth that presented a good amount of the remaining bone tissue (minimum 4 mm in the apical–coronal direction) or that had a buccal or lingual/palatine wall defect (group A) and the Bio‐Col alveolar preservation technique (group B), in seven teeth that presented an intact alveolus (four remaining walls). Xenograft was used in both groups. Results: Morphometric evaluation of group A (Bartee technique) and group B (Bio‐Col technique) showed 11.48% and 13.24% of reabsorption in the vertical direction (p = 0.482) and 21.95% and 20.55% in the horizontal direction, respectively (p = 0.949). At 6 months of healing, the histomorphometric evaluation showed 31.10% new bone formation and 28.09% residual particles in group A, 13.24% new bone formation (p = 0.744), and 20.55% residual particles for group B (p = 0.302). There were no statistically significant differences in dimensional changes between both groups. Conclusions. The Bartee and Bio‐Col alveolar ridge preservation technique combined with a xenograft provides dimensional stability, counteracting the physiological resorption process and ensuring the stability of the surrounding tissues. Therefore, both techniques represent a predictable option for dental implant placement at 6 months of healing.
Image Robust Watermarking Method Based on DWT-SVD Transform and Chaotic Map
Authors: Wu Weishuai , Dong Yujiao , Wang Guangyi
Published: May 2024

The existing watermarking algorithms make it difficult to balance the invisibility and robustness of the watermark. This paper proposes a robust image watermarking method based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT), singular value decomposition (SVD), and chaotic maps. This method is a semiblind watermarking method. First, a chaotic logistic-tent map is introduced, employing an extensive chaotic parameter domain. This map is amalgamated with Arnold’s transformation to encrypt the watermark image, thereby bolstering the security of the watermark information. Subsequently, the frequency domain is obtained by applying DWT to the carrier image. Embedding watermarks in the frequency domain ensures the invisibility of the watermark, with a preference for a high-frequency subband after the DWT of the carrier image for enhanced watermark robustness. SVD is then applied to both the high-frequency subband of the carrier image after DWT and the encrypted watermark image. The final step involves embedding the singular values of the encrypted watermark image into the carrier image’s singular values, thereby completing the watermark information embedding process. In simulation experiments, an invisibility test was conducted on various carrier images, yielding peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) values consistently exceeding 43, and structural similarity (SSIM) close to 1. Robustness testing against various types of attacks resulted in normalized correlation (NC) values consistently surpassing 0.9, with bit error rate (BER) values approaching 0. In conclusion, the proposed algorithm satisfies imperceptibility requirements while demonstrating formidable robustness.
Meta-Analysis of Brain Volumetric Abnormalities in Patients with Remitted Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Xu Xin , Zhou Qian , Wen Fei , Yang Mingzhe
Published: May 2024

Although patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) achieve remission after antidepressant treatment, >90% of those in remission have at least one residual depressive symptom, which may be due to neural damage linked with MDD. To better understand the structural impairments in patients with remitted MDD, we conducted a meta-analysis comparing grey matter volume (GMV) abnormalities between patients with remitted MDD and healthy controls (HCs). There were 11 cross-sectional datasets that investigated 275 patients with remitted MDD versus 437 HCs, and 7 longitudinal datasets that investigated 167 patients with remitted MDD. We found that GMV in the left insula, inferior parietal gyri, amygdala, and right superior parietal gyrus was decreased in patients with remitted MDD than in HCs. Additionally, patients with remitted MDD had lower GMV in the bilateral gyrus rectus than those in the nonremission state. Moreover, increased GMV in the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex, right striatum, middle temporal gyrus, and superior frontal gyrus was observed in patients with remitted MDD than in HCs. Furthermore, patients with remitted MDD had a larger GMV in the bilateral median cingulate/paracingulate gyri, left striatum, putamen, amygdala, hippocampus, and parahippocampal gyrus at follow-up than at baseline. Based on the brain morphological abnormalities in patients with remitted MDD after electroconvulsive therapy and pharmacological treatment, we proposed a schematic diagram of targeted intervention approaches for residual symptoms. In summary, our findings provide neurobiology-based evidence for multitarget treatment of depression to reduce residual symptoms and improve social function in patients with MDD.
Determinants of Full Vaccination Coverage among Children Aged 12-23 Months in Bangladesh: A Comparison between High- and Low-Performing Divisions
Authors: Khanam Moriam , Jahan Nahid Akhter
Published: May 2024

Introduction. A better understanding of the significant factors behind childhood vaccination is important for designing strategies to increase vaccination coverage and reduce child mortality and morbidity. The study is aimed at identifying the determinants of full vaccination coverage among children aged 12-23 months in Bangladesh and at comparing the determinants between high- and low-performing areas. Methods. This study used the latest available Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017-18 data. A weighted sample of 1678 children was included in this study. The association between full vaccination coverage and explanatory variables was identified using chi-square test. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to identify associated factors of full vaccination coverage. Results. Findings showed that about 88% of the children had full vaccination coverage. The odds of full vaccination coverage was significantly higher among children of mothers with secondary education compared to children of mothers with no formal education (AOR=2.07, 95%CI=1.16 to 3.70). Mother’s working status was another significant factor behind full vaccination coverage (AOR=1.53, 95%CI=1.002 to 2.34). In addition, we identified that higher age of mother (AOR=2.76, 95%CI=1.28 to 5.96 for 20-34 years group and AOR=12.14, 95%CI=1.21 to 122.41 for 35 and above age group) and being in middle-income household (AOR=4.66, 95%CI=1.33 to 16.34) were significantly associated with full vaccination coverage in high-performing areas. On the other hand, children of mothers with secondary education level (AOR=2.31, 95%CI=1.86 to 4.49) and exposure to media (AOR=1.58, 95%CI=1.001 to 2.50) had higher odds of having full vaccination coverage in low-performing areas. Conclusions. This study identified the associated factors of full vaccination coverage among children. The findings indicate the importance of maternal education and mothers’ employment for children’s vaccination uptake. In low-performing areas, investment in education and awareness raising initiatives may play instrumental role in achieving full vaccination coverage.
Hydrothermally Produced Activated Carbon Impregnated with ZnO for the Adsorptive Removal of Toxic Pharmaceutical Contaminants from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Vardhan Kilaru Harsha , Sree Hrishitha , Kumar P. Senthil , Rathi B. Senthil
Published: May 2024

This research explores the adsorption (AD) of diclofenac sodium (DS) onto a Hydrothermally produced activated carbon impregnated with ZnO (HTC‐AC/ZnO) surface, considering various factors such as initial concentration (IC), adsorbent dose, contact time, and pH. The characterization of HTC‐AC/ZnO was performed using X‐ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nitrogen physisorption spectroscopy (BET). Tests were conducted with different adsorbent doses (0.5–4 g/L) at 303 K and various initial diclofenac concentrations (ranging from 50 mg/L to 250 mg/L) to observe their effects. Additionally, pH values were altered from 2 to 12 to study their influence on AD. Kinetic studies, thermodynamic studies, and AD isotherm models were examined. The Temkin isotherm model (TIM) was found to be the most accurate for DS‐AD on HTC‐AC/ZnO. For DS‐AD on HTC‐AC/ZnO, pseudo‐first‐order models (PFOM), intraparticle diffusion model (IPDM), and pseudo‐second‐order models (PSOM) were applied, with a correlation coefficient of 0.945, indicating a good fit for PFOM. The kinetics suggested rapid adsorption. Notably, the HTC‐AC/ZnO composite exhibited consistent AD characteristics across four consecutive cycles, with a removal efficiency exceeding 99.38%. This suggests that HTC‐AC/ZnO is an appropriate and economically viable adsorbent for the elimination of DS from water‐based solutions. The investigation provides compelling evidence that HTC‐AC/ZnO is a viable adsorbent for the effective elimination of DS from water sources.
Contribution of Fuel Wood Income from Natural Forests to Household Economy in Delanta District, Northeastern Ethiopia
Authors: Eshetu Sintayehu , Tesfaye Yemiru
Published: May 2024

For Ethiopia’s rural homes, particularly those in the Delanta district, fuelwood is the primary energy source. This suggests that the impact of fuel wood from the forest to family energy use or income is significant. The goal of the current study was to estimate how much annual fuel wood harvested from forests contributes to household consumption and monetary income. 96% of the forest’s income comes from fuelwood. In the study area, it contributes 2,013,539 Birr, or 33%, of all family income. 703,014 ETB, or 23.8% of the total subsistence income, and 1,310,525 ETB, or 40.65% of the total cash income of the tested households, are both covered by fuelwood from the forest. Both socioeconomic and physical characteristics close to the users influenced how dependent a household was on fuelwood income from the forest. The data obtained from randomly selected households by survey method have been subjected to multiple regression analysis and obtained that households’ reliance on fuelwood income from the forest was significantly influenced by factors such as age, educational level, number of trees owned, distance to forest, distance to market, and nonforest income, all of which had a negative and significant impact. The only significant factor that significantly and positively influences reliance on fuelwood income from the forest is the number of family members. Therefore, preserving a natural forest through the use of alternative energy sources, such as electricity, or encouraging a plantation on one’s own property is a potential discipline for mandating climate change prevention.
Supplementary Data Text from Bile Acid Metabolism Mediates Cholesterol Homeostasis and Promotes Tumorigenesis in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Riscal Romain , Gardner Sarah M. , Coffey Nathan J. , Carens Madeleine , Mesaros Clementina , Xu Jimmy P. , Xue Yizheng , Davis Leah , Demczyszyn Sara , Vogt Austin , Olia Adam , Finan Jennifer M. , Godfrey Jason , Schultz David C. , Blair Ian A. , Keith Brian , Marmorstein Ronen , Skuli Nicolas , Simon M. Celeste
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Data Text
Figure 5 from FUME-TCRseq Enables Sensitive and Accurate Sequencing of the T-cell Receptor from Limited Input of Degraded RNA
Authors: Baker Ann-Marie , Nageswaran Gayathri , Nenclares Pablo , Ronel Tahel , Smith Kane , Kimberley Christopher , Laclé Miangela M. , Bhide Shreerang , Harrington Kevin J. , Melcher Alan , Rodriguez-Justo Manuel , Chain Benny , Graham Trevor A.
Published: May 2024

A, Bar plots showing the proportion of each V gene detected by FUME-TCRseq (left column) and Immunoverse (right column) in two representative FFPE colorectal cancer samples (PIK3CA WT, top row; PIK3CA E545K, bottom row). B, Bar chart showing the numbers of unique TCR clonotypes detected in the two samples with FUME-TCRseq and Immunoverse methodologies. C, Plot showing the frequencies of the 10 most common clonotypes detected in the WT sample by FUME-TCRseq and the frequencies at which they appear in the Immunoverse data. D, Plot showing the frequencies of the 10 most common clonotypes detected in E545K sample by FUME-TCRseq and the frequencies at which they appear in the Immunoverse data.
Figure 4 from FUME-TCRseq Enables Sensitive and Accurate Sequencing of the T-cell Receptor from Limited Input of Degraded RNA
Authors: Baker Ann-Marie , Nageswaran Gayathri , Nenclares Pablo , Ronel Tahel , Smith Kane , Kimberley Christopher , Laclé Miangela M. , Bhide Shreerang , Harrington Kevin J. , Melcher Alan , Rodriguez-Justo Manuel , Chain Benny , Graham Trevor A.
Published: May 2024

A, Hematoxylin and eosin showing the regions of FFPE adenoma and carcinoma that were macrodissected for RNA extraction and FUME-TCRseq. Scale bar, 5 mm. B, Bar chart showing the numbers of unique TCR clonotypes detected in carcinoma and adenoma regions. C, Bar chart showing the diversity of the TCR repertoire in carcinoma and adenoma regions. D, Plot showing the frequencies of the 10 most common clonotypes detected in the adenoma region and the frequencies at which they appear in the carcinoma.
Figure 1 from FUME-TCRseq Enables Sensitive and Accurate Sequencing of the T-cell Receptor from Limited Input of Degraded RNA
Authors: Baker Ann-Marie , Nageswaran Gayathri , Nenclares Pablo , Ronel Tahel , Smith Kane , Kimberley Christopher , Laclé Miangela M. , Bhide Shreerang , Harrington Kevin J. , Melcher Alan , Rodriguez-Justo Manuel , Chain Benny , Graham Trevor A.
Published: May 2024

Schematic representation of the FUME-TCRseq methodology, whereby RNA is reverse-transcribed using a UMI-containing primer, followed by multiplex PCR amplification of the CDR3 region using a panel of 38 primers and a second PCR to add sample-specific indexes. SP1 (33bp) and SP2 (24bp) are binding sites for universal Illumina sequencing primers and are used for paired-end sequencing of the amplified TCR and sequencing of the 8bp index 1 (i1) and the 8bp index 2 (i2). P7 (24bp) and P5 (29bp) are flow cell binding sequences for Illumina-sequencing platforms.
Supplementary Figures from NPEPPS Is a Druggable Driver of Platinum Resistance
Authors: Jones Robert T. , Scholtes Mathijs , Goodspeed Andrew , Akbarzadeh Maryam , Mohapatra Saswat , Feldman Lily Elizabeth , Vekony Hedvig , Jean Annie , Tilton Charlene B. , Orman Michael V. , Romal Shahla , Deiter Cailin , Kan Tsung Wai , Xander Nathaniel , Araki Stephanie P. , Joshi Molishree , Javaid Mahmood , Clambey Eric T. , Layer Ryan , Laajala Teemu D. , Parker Sarah J. , Mahmoudi Tokameh , Zuiverloon Tahlita C.M. , Theodorescu Dan , Costello James C.
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figures and Supplementary Table legends.
Table S2 from PABPC1L Induces IDO1 to Promote Tryptophan Metabolism and Immune Suppression in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Shu Guannan , Chen Minyu , Liao Wuyuan , Fu Liangmin , Lin Mingjie , Gui Chengpeng , Cen Junjie , Lu Jun , Chen Zhenhua , Wei Jinhuan , Chen Wei , Wang Yinghan , Zhu Jiangquan , Zhao Tianxin , Liu Xiaonan , Jing Jiajia , Liu Guo-chang , Pan Yihui , Luo Junhang , Zhang Jiaxing
Published: May 2024

Table S2
Figure S7 from DNA of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Binds TMCO6 to Impair CD8+ T-cell Immunity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Song Mengjia , Zhang Chaoqi , Cheng Shaoyan , Ouyang Dijun , Ping Yu , Yang Jieying , Zhang YaoJun , Tang Yan , Chen Hao , Wang Qi-jing , Li Yong-qiang , He Jia , Xiang Tong , Zhang Yizhuo , Xia Jian-Chuan
Published: May 2024

NET-DNA suppresses the CD8+ T-cell response.
Figure S1 from DNA of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Binds TMCO6 to Impair CD8+ T-cell Immunity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Song Mengjia , Zhang Chaoqi , Cheng Shaoyan , Ouyang Dijun , Ping Yu , Yang Jieying , Zhang YaoJun , Tang Yan , Chen Hao , Wang Qi-jing , Li Yong-qiang , He Jia , Xiang Tong , Zhang Yizhuo , Xia Jian-Chuan
Published: May 2024

The representative dotplots used for gating strategies of flow staining in in-vitro experiments.
Data from β-Catenin Activation Reprograms Ammonia Metabolism to Promote Senescence Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Ye , Cheng Chunxiao , Lu Yanjun , Lian Zhaowu , Liu Qi , Xu Yanchao , Li Yunzheng , Li Huan , Zhang Laizhu , Jiang Xiang , Li Binghua , Yu Decai
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a typical tumor that undergoes metabolic reprogramming, differing from normal liver tissue in glucose, lipid, nucleic acid, and amino acid metabolism. Although ammonia is a toxic metabolic by-product, it has also been recently recognized as a signaling molecule to activate lipid metabolism, and it can be a nitrogen source for biosynthesis to support tumorigenesis. In this study, we revealed that β-catenin activation increases ammonia production in HCC mainly by stimulating glutaminolysis. β-Catenin/LEF1 activated the transcription of the glutamate dehydrogenase GLUD1, which then promoted ammonia utilization to enhance the production of glutamate, aspartate, and proline as evidenced by 15NH4Cl metabolic flux. β-Catenin/TCF4 induced the transcription of SLC4A11, an ammonia transporter, to excrete excess ammonia. SLC4A11 was upregulated in HCC tumor tissues, and high SLC4A11 expression was associated with poor prognosis and advanced disease stages. Loss of SLC4A11 induced HCC cell senescence in vitro by blocking ammonia excretion and reduced β-catenin–driven tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, elevated levels of plasma ammonia promoted the progression of β-catenin mutant HCC, which was impeded by SLC4A11 deficiency. Downregulation of SLC4A11 led to ammonia accumulation in tumor interstitial fluid and decreased plasma ammonia levels in HCC with activated β-catenin. Altogether, this study indicates that β-catenin activation reprograms ammonia metabolism and that blocking ammonia excretion by targeting SLC4A11 could be a promising approach to induce senescence in β-catenin mutant HCC.
Significance:
Ammonia metabolism reprogramming mediated by aberrant activation of β-catenin induces resistance to senescence in HCC and can be targeted by inhibiting SLC4A11 as a potential therapy for β-catenin mutant liver cancer.
Supp Table S1 from Targeting CCL2/CCR2 Signaling Overcomes MEK Inhibitor Resistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Modak Rucha V. , de Oliveira Rebola Katia G. , McClatchy John , Mohammadhosseini Mona , Damnernsawad Alisa , Kurtz Stephen E. , Eide Christopher A. , Wu Guanming , Laderas Ted , Nechiporuk Tamilla , Gritsenko Marina A. , Hansen Joshua R. , Hutchinson Chelsea , Gosline Sara J.C. , Piehowski Paul , Bottomly Daniel , Short Nicholas , Rodland Karin , McWeeney Shannon K. , Tyner Jeffrey W. , Agarwal Anupriya
Published: May 2024

Cytokine levels in patient samples
Supplementary Figure S4 from Developing Novel Genomic Risk Stratification Models in Soft Tissue and Uterine Leiomyosarcoma
Authors: Dermawan Josephine K. , Chiang Sarah , Singer Samuel , Jadeja Bhumika , Hensley Martee L. , Tap William D. , Movva Sujana , Maki Robert G. , Antonescu Cristina R.
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure S4. Disease-specific survival (DSS) for STLMS patients
(primary at presentation) from the MSK cohort stratified by tumor size represented by Kaplan-Meier curves. Bottom: Alluvial diagram comparing tumor size versus genomic risk groups in STLMS.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Developing Novel Genomic Risk Stratification Models in Soft Tissue and Uterine Leiomyosarcoma
Authors: Dermawan Josephine K. , Chiang Sarah , Singer Samuel , Jadeja Bhumika , Hensley Martee L. , Tap William D. , Movva Sujana , Maki Robert G. , Antonescu Cristina R.
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure S2. MSKCC STLMS cohort. Genomic variables (gene level point mutations and copy number changes and chromosomal arm level changes) are input into the OncoCast model using the elastic net (“ENET”) approach, with outcome being overall survival. Variable importance is assigned and visualized in a plot by selection frequency (the event frequency of that feature in the data) and Cox proportional hazard ratios. Dotted lines indicate threshold of 0.55 selection frequency and hazard ratio of 1.
Supplementary Table S1 from Facts and Hopes on Chimeric Cytokine Agents for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Ren Zhenhua , Zhang Xuhao , Fu Yang-Xin
Published: May 2024

Clinical trials related to IL-2- and IL-15 based chimeric cytokines
Supplementary figures1 from A Pre-Leukemic DNA Methylation Signature in Healthy Individuals at Higher Risk for Developing Myeloid Malignancy
Authors: Lao Zhentang , Ding Ling-Wen , Sun Qiao-Yang , Jia Li , Yan Benedict , Ng Alvin Yu-Jin , Capinpin Sharah Mae , Wang Renwei , Ying Li , Chng Wee Joo , Koeffler H. Phillip , Koh Woon-Puay , Yuan Jian-Min , Yang Henry , Goh Yeow Tee , Grigoropoulos Nicholas
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Data
Supplementary Tables 1 from A Pre-Leukemic DNA Methylation Signature in Healthy Individuals at Higher Risk for Developing Myeloid Malignancy
Authors: Lao Zhentang , Ding Ling-Wen , Sun Qiao-Yang , Jia Li , Yan Benedict , Ng Alvin Yu-Jin , Capinpin Sharah Mae , Wang Renwei , Ying Li , Chng Wee Joo , Koeffler H. Phillip , Koh Woon-Puay , Yuan Jian-Min , Yang Henry , Goh Yeow Tee , Grigoropoulos Nicholas
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Tables
Supplementary Data 1 from Landscape of Baseline and Acquired Genomic Alterations in Circulating Tumor DNA with Abemaciclib Alone or with Endocrine Therapy in Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Goetz Matthew P. , Hamilton Erika P. , Campone Mario , Hurvitz Sara A. , Cortes Javier , Johnston Stephen , Llombart-Cussac Antonio , Kaufman Peter A. , Toi Masakazu , Jerusalem Guy , Graham Hillary , Wang Hong , Jansen Valerie M. , Litchfield Lacey M. , Martin Miguel
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Data
Supplementary Table S1 from Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Refine Outcomes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treated with Anthracycline-Free Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Martín Miguel , Yoder Rachel , Salgado Roberto , del Monte-Millán María , Álvarez Enrique L. , Echavarría Isabel , Staley Joshua M. , O'Dea Anne P. , Nye Lauren E. , Stecklein Shane R. , Bueno Coralia , Jerez Yolanda , Cebollero María , Bueno Oscar , García Saenz José Ángel , Moreno Fernando , Bohn Uriel , Gómez Henry , Massarrah Tatiana , Khan Qamar J. , Godwin Andrew K. , López-Tarruella Sara , Sharma Priyanka
Published: May 2024

Representativeness of study population
Supplementary Methods S1 from Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Refine Outcomes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treated with Anthracycline-Free Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Martín Miguel , Yoder Rachel , Salgado Roberto , del Monte-Millán María , Álvarez Enrique L. , Echavarría Isabel , Staley Joshua M. , O'Dea Anne P. , Nye Lauren E. , Stecklein Shane R. , Bueno Coralia , Jerez Yolanda , Cebollero María , Bueno Oscar , García Saenz José Ángel , Moreno Fernando , Bohn Uriel , Gómez Henry , Massarrah Tatiana , Khan Qamar J. , Godwin Andrew K. , López-Tarruella Sara , Sharma Priyanka
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Methods
Supplementary Figure S4 from Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Refine Outcomes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treated with Anthracycline-Free Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Martín Miguel , Yoder Rachel , Salgado Roberto , del Monte-Millán María , Álvarez Enrique L. , Echavarría Isabel , Staley Joshua M. , O'Dea Anne P. , Nye Lauren E. , Stecklein Shane R. , Bueno Coralia , Jerez Yolanda , Cebollero María , Bueno Oscar , García Saenz José Ángel , Moreno Fernando , Bohn Uriel , Gómez Henry , Massarrah Tatiana , Khan Qamar J. , Godwin Andrew K. , López-Tarruella Sara , Sharma Priyanka
Published: May 2024

Survival by adjuvant chemotherapy use among patients with residual disease
Supplementary Figure S3 from Targeting SMAD3 Improves Response to Oxaliplatin in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Models by Impeding DNA Repair
Authors: Ballout Farah , Lu Heng , Bhat Nadeem , Chen Lei , Peng Dunfa , Chen Zheng , Chen Steven , Sun Xiaodian , Giordano Silvia , Corso Simona , Zaika Alexander , McDonald Oliver , Livingstone Alan S. , El-Rifai Wael
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure 3. SMAD3 inhibition sensitizes oxaliplatin treated EAC cells to apoptosis.