bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dose-dependent effects of oral cannabidiol and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on serum anandamide and related N-acylethanolamines in healthy volunteers
Authors: Couttas Timothy A , Boost Carola , Pahlisch Franziska , Sykorova Eliska B , Mueller Juliane K , Jieu Beverly , Leweke Judith E , Dammann Inga , Hoffmann Anna E , Loeffler Martin , Grimm Oliver , Enning Frank , Flor Herta , Meyer-Lindenberg Andreas , Koethe Dagmar , Rohleder Cathrin , Leweke F Markus
Published: August 2024

Background

The mental health benefits of cannabidiol (CBD) are promising but can be inconsistent, in part due to challenges in defining an individual’s effective dosage. In schizophrenia, alterations in anandamide (AEA) concentrations, an endocannabinoid (eCB) agonist of the eCB system, reflect positively on treatment with CBD. Here, we expanded this assessment to include eCBs alongside AEA congeners, comparing phytocannabinoids and dosage in a clinical setting.

Methods

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry quantified changes in serum levels of AEA, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), alongside AEA-related compounds oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), which were attained from two independent, parallel-designed, clinical trials investigating single, oral CBD (600 or 800 mg), delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC, 10 or 20 mg) and combination administration (CBD|800 mg+Δ9-THC|20 mg) in healthy volunteers (HVs, n=75). Concentrations were measured at baseline (t=0), 65 and 160 min post administration.

Results

CBD-led increases in AEA (1.6-fold), OEA and PEA (1.4-fold) were observed following a single 800 mg (pcorr<0.05) but not 600 mg dosage. Declining AEA was observed with Δ9-THC at 10 mg (−1.3-fold) and 20 mg (−1.4-fold) but restored to baseline levels by 160 min. CBD+Δ9-THC yielded the highest increases in AEA (2.1-fold), OEA (1.9-fold) and PEA (1.8-fold) without reaching a maximal response.

Conclusion

CBD-administered effects towards AEA, OEA and PEA are consistent with phase II trials reporting clinical improvement for acute schizophrenia (CBD≥800 mg). Including Δ9-THC appears to enhance the CBD-induced response towards AEA and its congeners. Our results warrant further investigations into the potential of these lipid-derived mediators as metabolic measures for CBD dose prescription and co-cannabinoid administration.
Putting person-centred psychosocial diabetes care into practice: two psychosocial care pathways based on outcome preferences of people with diabetes and healthcare professionals
Authors: Porth Ann-Kristin , Seidler Yuki , Long Preston Alexander , Stamm Tanja , Huberts Anouk S , Hamilton Kathryn , Kautzky-Willer Alexandra
Published: August 2024

Background

Diabetes increases the risk of psychosocial health problems. Person-centred psychosocial care is therefore advocated. However, several barriers to implementation exist, including uncertainty about how to approach psychosocial problems in consultations.

Objective

We aimed to explore which psychosocial outcomes patients and healthcare professionals consider important and whether certain characteristics are associated with this. We propose strategies for facilitating psychosocial diabetes care on this basis.

Methods

The results of an international Delphi study aimed at achieving multi-stakeholder consensus on a diabetes outcome set were analysed. We compared the importance ratings of the two stakeholder groups for each psychosocial outcome. A multivariable linear regression analysis tested whether certain characteristics would predict the importance attributed to outcomes that were not generally considered important.

Findings

Patients and healthcare professionals agreed on the importance of regularly assessing psychological well-being, diabetes distress and diabetes-specific quality of life, while they regarded it as less important to monitor depression, anxiety, eating problems, social support and sexual health. Being a woman, younger and living with type 1 diabetes were associated with considering it important to assess eating problems.

Conclusions

We propose two psychosocial care pathways that reflect the outcome preferences of patients and healthcare providers. They follow a stepped approach, starting with the assessment of psychological well-being and quality of life and proceeding from there.

Clinical implications

Adopting this approach can facilitate the implementation of person-centred psychosocial diabetes care by reducing the burden and making psychosocial issues more accessible. This approach should be tested for feasibility, safety and effectiveness.
Physical therapy for the management of global function, fatigue and quality of life in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: systematic review and meta-analyses
Authors: Silva Stephano Tomaz , Costa Isabela Macedo , Souza Aline Alves , Pondofe Karen , Melo Luciana Protásio , Resqueti Vanessa R , Valentim Ricardo , Gonçalves Filipe , Ribeiro Tatiana Souza
Published: August 2024

Objectives

To critically evaluate the effectiveness of physical therapy interventions in improving global function, quality of life and fatigue in individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Design

Systematic review and meta-analyses.

Data sources

MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) were searched through 31 January 2023.

Eligibility criteria

We included randomised clinical trials (RCTs) that compared physical therapy interventions that act on global function, fatigue and quality of life in individuals with ALS with any other non-physiotherapeutic methods and techniques, placebo or non-intervention. The primary outcome measure was the evaluation of global function. Secondary outcomes were quality of life, fatigue and adverse events.

Data extraction and synthesis

Two independent authors used a researcher-developed extraction form and the Rayyan software to search, screen and code included studies. The risk of bias was assessed using the PEDro scale. Meta-analyses were conducted employing random effects. Outcomes were succinctly presented in Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation evidence profiles.

Results

Our searches identified 39 415 references. After study selection, three studies were included in the review. Such studies involved 62 participants with a mean age of 54.6 years. In the evaluated trials, 40 were male, while 22 participants were female. Regarding the type of onset of the disease, 58 participants had spinal onset of ALS, and four had bulbar.

Conclusions

Physical therapy intervention may improve the global function of individuals with ALS in the short term; however, clinically, it was inconclusive. In terms of quality of life and fatigue, physical therapy intervention is not more effective than control in the short term. Adverse events are not increased by physical therapy intervention in the short term. Due to significant methodological flaws, small sample sizes, wide CIs and clinical interpretation, our confidence in the effect estimate is limited.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42021251350.
Feasibility and potential effects of a dyadic coping intervention for patients with spinal cord injury and their spouses: a study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial
Authors: Feng Linsheng , Wang Ting , Cai Yujing , Dai Qing , Ding Peipei , Li Lunlan
Published: August 2024

Introduction

It remains difficult for patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) to fully recover their sensory and motor functions; thus, they must rely on the assistance of caregivers to complete activities of daily living. This leads to psychological distress and decreased quality of life in patients and caregivers. Interventions for dyadic coping are a promising option. However, no studies have examined the effects of dyadic coping interventions on patients with SCI and their spouses. Therefore, our team constructed a dyadic coping intervention programme for couples with SCI.

Method and analysis

This two-arm, parallel-design, pilot randomised controlled trial will recruit 72 couples with SCI from two tertiary hospitals in Hefei, China. Couples will be randomly allocated to two arms. Couples randomly assigned to the intervention group will receive the usual care and the dyadic coping intervention. Couples randomly assigned to the control group will receive usual care only. The primary outcomes will be the feasibility and acceptability of the dyadic coping intervention for couples with SCI. Secondary outcomes will be quality of life, psychological distress, caregiver burden, marital satisfaction and dyadic coping. Outcomes will be collected at three time points: baseline (T0), post-intervention (T1) and after a follow-up period of 8 weeks (T2).

Ethics and dissemination

This study has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Anhui Medical University (84240008). The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Trial registration number

ChiCTR2300074556.
SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and mental health of school staff: a cross-sectional study of schools from four areas of Montreal, Quebec in 2021
Authors: Charland Katia , Pannunzio Matteo , Greenspan-Ardman Eleanor , Saucier Adrien , Pierce Laura , Hamelin Marie-Eve , Barbosa Da Torre Margot , Carbonneau Julie , Tuong Nguyen Cat , De Serres Gaston , Papenburg Jesse , Boivin Guy , Quach Caroline , Zinszer Kate
Published: August 2024

Objectives

To assess the seroprevalence of infection-acquired SARS-CoV-2 and the mental health of school/daycare staff in the months after reopening of schools in Montreal, Quebec (Canada) in the Fall of 2020 and whether these varied by school and participant characteristics.

Design

A cross-sectional design based on a convenience sample of schools/daycares and staff was used as the originally planned longitudinal design was no longer feasible due to obstacles in recruitment, for example, teacher’s strike.

Setting

Forty-nine schools/daycares in four Montreal neighbourhoods from March to October 2021.

Participants

Three-hundred and sixty-two participants completed both questionnaires and serology tests.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and prevalence of anxiety, depression, resilience and burnout/emotional exhaustion.

Results

The seroprevalence estimate made representative to the Quebec population of educators was 8.6% (95% CI 5.2 to 13.0). The adjusted seroprevalence in high school was 20% that of elementary school (aRR=0.20, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.58). Thirty per cent of seropositive staff were exposed to a household member with confirmed COVID-19. Prevalence of high emotional exhaustion/burnout was 35%, 44% and 53% in daycare, elementary school and high school staff, respectively. However, moderate/severe anxiety and depression and low resilience did not exceed 18%. After adjusting for confounders, being very afraid of catching COVID-19 at school was associated with moderate–severe anxiety, moderate–severe depression and high emotional exhaustion (aRR=4.4, 95% CI 2.2 to 8.9; aRR=2.8, 95% CI 1.5 to 5.4; aRR=2.2, 95% CI 1.6 to 3.0, respectively).

Conclusion

The seroprevalence, anxiety and depression among school/daycare staff were comparable to the reported levels in the adult population of Quebec. The prevalence of emotional exhaustion/burnout was high across all school levels and exceeding the average across all occupations in the USA and in teachers in Germany.
Validation of a quantitative instrument measuring critical success factors and acceptance of Casemix system implementation in the total hospital information system in Malaysia
Authors: Mustafa Noor Khairiyah , Ibrahim Roszita , Awang Zainudin , Aizuddin Azimatun Noor , Syed Junid Syed Mohamed Aljunid
Published: August 2024

Objectives

This study aims to address the significant knowledge gap in the literature on the implementation of Casemix system in total hospital information systems (THIS). The research focuses on validating a quantitative instrument to assess medical doctors’ acceptance of the Casemix system in Ministry of Health (MOH) Malaysia facilities using THIS.

Designs

A sequential explanatory mixed-methods study was conducted, starting with a cross-sectional quantitative phase using a self-administered online questionnaire that adapted previous instruments to the current setting based on Human, Organisation, Technology-Fit and Technology Acceptance Model frameworks, followed by a qualitative phase using in-depth interviews. However, this article explicitly emphasises the quantitative phase.

Setting

The study was conducted in five MOH hospitals with THIS technology from five zones.

Participants

Prior to the quantitative field study, rigorous procedures including content, criterion and face validation, translation, pilot testing and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were undertaken, resulting in a refined questionnaire consisting of 41 items. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was then performed on data collected from 343 respondents selected via stratified random sampling to validate the measurement model.

Results

The study found satisfactory Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin model levels, significant Bartlett’s test of sphericity, satisfactory factor loadings (>0.6) and high internal reliability for each item. One item was eliminated during EFA, and organisational characteristics construct was refined into two components. The study confirms unidimensionality, construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity and composite reliability through CFA. After the instrument’s validity, reliability and normality have been established, the questionnaire is validated and deemed operational.

Conclusion

By elucidating critical success factor and acceptance of Casemix, this research informs strategies for enhancing its implementation within the THIS environment. Moving forward, the validated instrument will serve as a valuable tool in future research endeavours aimed at evaluating the adoption of the Casemix system within THIS, addressing a notable gap in current literature.
Relationship between burnout and occupational fatigue exhaustion and recovery among orthopaedic nurses in Tabriz, Iran: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Moosavian Hiaq Seyyed Sadegh , Jabbarzadeh Tabrizi Faranak , Parvan Kobra , Sarbakhsh Parvin , Dickens Geoffrey
Published: August 2024

Objective

To examine the relationship between burnout and occupational fatigue exhaustion and recovery among orthopaedic nurses in Tabriz, Iran.

Design

Descriptive, cross-sectional survey and correlational analysis.

Setting

Two hospitals associated with Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran, from August to September 2022.

Participants

92 bedside nurses in orthopaedic wards, each with >1 year of clinical experience.

Outcome measures

Burnout was assessed using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, and occupational fatigue exhaustion/recovery was measured with the Occupational Fatigue Exhaustion/Recovery Scale. Pearson’s correlation, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance and multivariable linear regression analyses determined statistical significance.

Results

The mean burnout score was 63.65 (±15.88) out of 100 and the recovery rate was 35.43 (±15.60) out of 100. There were significant correlations between total burnout and each of the exhaustion recovery dimensions: chronic fatigue (r=0.70), acute fatigue (r=0.65) and intershift recovery (r=0.56). Nurses exceeding 44 weekly work hours reported higher burnout (66.52±14.77, p=0.005) than those working fewer hours (56.25±16.12, p=0.005). Rotational shift status was associated with increased burnout (64.97±15.32) compared with fixed shifts (55.54±17.42, p=0.04). Chronic fatigue (B=0.39, 95% CI 0.21, 0.57; t=4.29, p<0.001) and intershift recovery (B=−0.241, 95% CI −0.46, −0.02; t=−2.16, p=0.035) were significant predictors of burnout.

Conclusions

Burnout is a critical concern among orthopaedic nurses and is significantly linked to occupational fatigue/recovery. Addressing chronic fatigue and enhancing intershift energy recovery could mitigate burnout risk. Therefore, optimising work conditions and schedules and developing tailored recovery protocols are vital to safeguarding orthopaedic nurses’ well-being.
Development and internal validation of a multivariable prognostic model to predict chronic pain after a new episode of non-specific idiopathic, non-traumatic neck pain in physiotherapy primary care practice
Authors: Verwoerd Martine J , Wittink Harriët , Maissan Francois , Teunis Marc , van Kuijk Sander M J , Smeets Rob J E M
Published: August 2024

Objective

To develop and internally validate a prognostic model to predict chronic pain after a new episode of acute or subacute non-specific idiopathic, non-traumatic neck pain in patients presenting to physiotherapy primary care, emphasising modifiable biomedical, psychological and social factors.

Design

A prospective cohort study with a 6-month follow-up between January 2020 and March 2023.

Setting

30 physiotherapy primary care practices.

Participants

Patients with a new presentation of non-specific idiopathic, non-traumatic neck pain, with a duration lasting no longer than 12 weeks from onset.

Baseline measures

Candidate prognostic variables collected from participants included age and sex, neck pain symptoms, work-related factors, general factors, psychological and behavioural factors and the remaining factors: therapeutic relation and healthcare provider attitude.

Outcome measures

Pain intensity at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months on a Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) after inclusion. An NPRS score of ≥3 at each time point was used to define chronic neck pain.

Results

62 (10%) of the 603 participants developed chronic neck pain. The prognostic factors in the final model were sex, pain intensity, reported pain in different body regions, headache since and before the neck pain, posture during work, employment status, illness beliefs about pain identity and recovery, treatment beliefs, distress and self-efficacy. The model demonstrated an optimism-corrected area under the curve of 0.83 and a corrected R2of 0.24. Calibration was deemed acceptable to good, as indicated by the calibration curve. The Hosmer–Lemeshow test yielded a p-value of 0.7167, indicating a good model fit.

Conclusion

This model has the potential to obtain a valid prognosis for developing chronic pain after a new episode of acute and subacute non-specific idiopathic, non-traumatic neck pain. It includes mostly potentially modifiable factors for physiotherapy practice. External validation of this model is recommended.
Effect of enhanced external counterpulsation on coronary microcirculation dysfunction (CMD) in patients with coronary artery disease (EECP-CMD II): study protocol of a single-centre, open-label, parallel group, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Cao Fan , Liu Yuxin , Wei Wenbin , Liang Jianwen
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Coronary microcirculation dysfunction (CMD) is prevalent in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Current therapies for CMD are focused on pharmacotherapy, non-pharmacological treatments such as enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) have shown favourable results in patients with CAD. However, whether EECP can improve CMD remains unknown. This study is designed to evaluate the effectiveness of EECP on CMD in patients with CAD, and to assess the feasibility of conducting a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Methods and analysis

This study is a single-centre, outcome-assessor-blinded, parallel randomised controlled trial. A total of 110 participants with CAD will be included and randomly assigned to either the intervention group (EECP plus optimal medical therapy (OMT)) or the control group (OMT alone). EECP will be administered by operators for 60 min, 5 times per week for 7 weeks (35 times in total). Outcomes include patients’ retention rates, the primary outcome and secondary outcomes. The primary outcome is the change in Myocardial Perfusion Reserve Index with cardiac MRI from baseline to the end of follow-up. The planned study duration is from 2024 to 2026.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University (ID: 2023-045-03). The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications.

Trial registration number

ChiCTR2300076231.
Descriptive analysis of diseases, non-battle injuries and climate among deployed Swedish military personnel
Authors: Saleby Matilda , Ahlinder L , Schüler M , Taube F
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Historically, diseases and non-battle injuries (DNBI) typically stand for 70%‒95% of all medical events during military missions. There is, however, no comprehensive compilation of medical statistics for Swedish soldiers during deployment.

Method

During United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali, climate data and medical outpatient health surveillance data were compiled for Swedish soldiers deployed to Timbuctoo, between 2015 and 2019. Correlations between climate data and medical outpatient health surveillance data were analysed.

Results

Battle injuries accounted for 0.4% of the visits to healthcare, while diseases accounted for 53.6%, and non-battle injuries for 46%, the majority being musculoskeletal injuries. The combination of high temperature, humidity, sun radiation and good visibility, during summer rotation weeks, caused more events of injuries and heat stress than any other period.

Conclusion

Musculoskeletal injuries were the major cause for visits to the Swedish camp hospital. Injuries and heat stress increased during periods of high temperature, humidity, sun radiation and good visibility. Lack of medical data, i.e. unknown number of unique patients seeking healthcare, cause codes not always connected to a primary diagnosis, and revisits not being connected to a diagnose, complicated interpretation of health risk factors.
Liver Function‐Related Indicators and Risk of Gallstone Diseases—A Multicenter Study and a Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Li Shiyi , Zhu Pei , Chen Fangyuan , Yu Wenqian , Xie Linjun , Xia Jing , Jiao Peng , Cui Ping , Zhang Chi , Bai Ye , Jiang Guoheng , Li Hongyu , Lou Yanmei , Li Guangcan , Shan Xuefeng , Wang Xin
Published: August 2024

Purpose of the study: We aim to examine the association between liver function‐related indicators and gallstone disease (GSD) risk.

Study design: The subjects who participated in the China Multicenter Physical Examination Cohort (CMPEC) were enrolled. Relative odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs and standardized mean differences (SMDs) were applied to investigate the effect of liver function‐related indicators and GSD risk. Moreover, a systematic review and meta‐analysis were conducted until July 2021. Additionally, the results in the CMPEC and the systematic review and meta‐analysis were combined by meta‐analysis. Finally, the results were validated by a cohort study of the UK Biobank (UKB).

Results and conclusions: Totally, 369,931 subjects in CMPEC were included in the study. A total of 28 publications were incorporated into the systematic review and meta‐analysis. The pooled analysis suggested that aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), and low albumin (ALB) were positively associated with the risk of GSD. Meanwhile, GSD present to have higher AST, ALT, gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin (TBil), globulin (G), and ALP levels and relatively lower TP and ALB levels than the healthy participants. These results were consistent when stratified by the study design, geographic background, and study quality. Only the association between ALP and GSD risk was validated in the UKB cohort. This study suggests liver function indicators were associated with GSD risk. The results may provide the basis for exploring the etiology of GSD and may help clinicians identify high‐risk subjects.

Trial Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42020179076).
Automated Tomato Leaf Disease Detection Using Image Processing: An SVM‐Based Approach with GLCM and SIFT Features
Authors: Khan Rashid , Ud Din Nasir , Zaman Asim , Huang Bingding
Published: August 2024

Tomato cultivation is increasingly widespread, yet it faces significant challenges, particularly from plant diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, and insects. Addressing these diseases is crucial for ensuring the quality and yield of tomato crops. To support specialists in accurately identifying and managing these diseases, we propose an advanced automatic system for detecting and identifying tomato leaf diseases using sophisticated image processing techniques. Therefore, we proposed an approach that employs robust feature extraction methods, including the gray level co‐occurrence matrix (GLCM) and scale‐invariant feature transform (SIFT), coupled with a support vector machine (SVM) for adequate classification. We curated an extensive dataset of 2700 tomato leaf images, with a minimum of 300 images for each of the nine distinct disease classes. This comprehensive dataset facilitated the training and testing of various machine learning and deep learning models. The experimental results highlight our proposed approach’s exceptional accuracy and reliability, significantly improving the detection and classification of tomato leaf diseases. A thorough comparative analysis with contemporary state‐of‐the‐art techniques further validates the superiority of our system. Our findings suggest that this framework can significantly benefit tomato cultivation by enabling timely and precise disease management. Future research can explore integrating advanced deep learning algorithms to enhance the system’s accuracy in this multiclass classification challenge.
Factors Affecting the Children in Conflict with The Law in Soccsksargen, Philippines
Authors: ñ on Rendaje Ma. Odeza Ani , Rendaje Jr. Ludivico Villa , Cariño Cristine Fajanibo , Pua Ronnie Rendon , Salas Jr. Apolinario Caballes , Villa Elizabeth Buena
Published: August 2024

T
he study aimed to evaluate the factors influencing children involved in legal conflicts in the SOCCSKSARGEN region. The local government of SOCCSKSARGEN is adopting various strategies to address the problem of Children in Conflict with the Law (CICLs) in South Cotabato, Cotabato Province, Sultan Kudarat, Sarangani, and General Santos City. One of the procedures entails establishing the Bahay Pag-asa, a rehabilitation center for children in conflict with the law (CICLs) and at-risk youth. The study participants were of juveniles involved in criminal activities residing at St. Marcelline in General Santos City. These children were placed in the institution to redirect their focus and provide them with a safe haven while their case is being decided. This study employed a quantitative-descriptive design. This study employed the survey approach to gather information about the demographic profile and factors influencing youth involved in criminal activities, such as family relationships, peer influence, and external environmental factors.
The conclusions drawn are based on the collected data. 1. Children in Conflict with the Law were of various ages, ranging from 9 to 21 years old, at the time of committing the crime. 2. The majority of these children were influenced by their family dynamics, which led them to engage in criminal activities. 3. The objective is to facilitate the reintegration of children in conflict with the law into society after their case is resolved. The aforementioned programs and services encompassed residential care services, including caring, healing, life skills intervention program, and teaching, as well as a juvenile justice program, technical skills program, and independent living program.
This study examines the impact of several influences in the community on youngsters involved in criminal activities. Additionally, it might be inferred that the societal standards in their previous place of residence had ingrained a certain psychological impact on them, causing their sense of wrongdoing to be hindered.
Spiders of arid lands: The Ghardaïa region (Northern Sahara) with seven new records for Algeria
Authors: ALIOUA YOUCEF , BOSMANS ROBERT
Published: August 2024

The spider fauna of Algeria’s Saharan region is currently little understood, even though some information is available but it remains either very old or insufficient. This study aimed to deepen our understanding on this group of arachnids in this hyper-arid land. The study was conducted in Ghardaïa province (Northern Sahara, Algeria). Spiders were collected during 2014–2017 and 2020–2023 from various localities covering either in natural or manmade ecosystems. A set of 2037 adult spiders was captured using hand collecting and pitfall traps methods. The results of the taxonomic study revealed that Ghardaia had 70 spider species representing 21 families and 55 genera. Twenty (20) species were identified under the family Gnaphosidae, followed by 12 for Salticidae and seven for Lycosidae and Theridiidae. One genus and seven species were recorded for the first time from Algeria, of which habitus and genital parts photos were provided; two species among them are new records for Africa. The results of this study raised the number of species of spiders that are known to exist in the province of Ghardaïa from 23 to 79. Thus, many species distribution ranges in Algeria have been updated. This study established the first-ever systematic list of the spiders of Ghardaïa.
Seven new species of Spatulaphorus Rack (Acari: Pygmephoridae) phoretic on scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
Authors: KHAUSTOV ALEXANDER A. , FROLOV ANDREY V. , AKHMETOVA LILIA A.
Published: August 2024

Seven new species of Spatulaphorus (Acari: Pygmephoridae) are described from female mites phoretic on scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), as follows: Spatulaphorus incisus sp. nov. and S. spinisetus sp. nov. from Brazil on Sulcophanaeus faunus and Dichotomius buqueti, respectively; S. brevisetosus sp. nov. from the USA on Phanaeus igneus; S. longisetosus sp. nov. from the USA on Phanaeus difformis and Ph. vindex; S. madagascariensis sp. nov. from Madagascar on Helictopleurus corruscus; S. reductus sp. nov. from Argentina on Ataenius picinus, A. platensis, and A. clavatus, and Parataenius simulator, and S. venezuelaensis sp. nov. from Venezuela from Phanaeus prasinus. Spatulaphorus imbricatipes (Mahunka, 1980) comb. nov. is moved from Pygmephorellus. A key to the world species of the genus Spatulaphorus is also provided.
Taxonomic notes and nomenclatural corrections in Crustacea: Isopoda (exclusive of Oniscidea)
Authors: BOYKO CHRISTOPHER B.
Published: August 2024

During a review of all isopod taxa (exclusive of Oniscidea), nomenclatural and taxonomic issues were found that need correction or detailed explanation. Herein, details are provided on five unreplaced species/subspecies homonyms, corrections to authorship and/or date for six genera, two families/subfamilies and 11 species, three unavailable names for subfamilies, 22 corrections to the spelling of specific names to conform to the gender of their respective genera, two junior homonyms that are replaced, and one genus that is validated herein. The history of Ianthe Bovallius, 1881 and its numerous replacement names, Brongniartia Eights, 1833, and Ceratoserolis Brandt, 1988 are discussed, a type species is selected for Vireia Viré, 1903, and Epicepon is validated as a genus name.
A new species of the Cambeva variegata group (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from the Serra do Espinhaço, south-eastern Brazil, under severe risk of extinction
Authors: COSTA WILSON J. E. M. , AZEVEDO-SANTOS VALTER M. , OTTONI FELIPE POLIVANOV , VILARDO PAULO J. , KATZ AXEL M.
Published: August 2024

The mountain ranges of southeastern and southern Brazil are inhabited by a great diversity of catfishes of the genus Cambeva. The Cambeva variegata group, diagnosed by having a prominent skin crest similar to an adipose fin, an interrupted supraorbital laterosensory canal, with an additional supraorbital S4 pore, and a relatively small premaxilla with an accentuated constriction on its lateral portion, occurs in a broad area of south-eastern Brazil, mostly within the savannah-like Cerrado vegetation at the northern-most part of the genus distribution. The new species described here was collected in streams of the Rio das Velhas drainage, Rio São Francisco basin, draining the Serra do Espinhaço. The new species is diagnosed by having more interopercular odontodes and a combination of morphometric data, colour pattern, relative dorsal-fin origin and vertebra position, and-fin-ray morphology. Field studies indicate that the two localities where the new species occur are being dramatically affected by negative human impacts, putting it in severe risk of extinction.
A member of the Telenomus californicus Ashmead, 1893 complex parasitizing native cactus moth (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs in Mexico
Authors: VILLEGAS-LUJÁN RENATO , MORALES-GÁLVEZ M. , PLOWES R. , GILBERT L. , MORALES G. GALLEGOS- , BREMER JONATHAN S. , TALAMAS ELIJAH , SÁNCHEZ-PEÑA SERGIO
Published: August 2024

A collection of egg parasitoids in the Scelionidae are identified as members of the Telenomus californicus Ashmead, 1893 complex (californicus+dalmanni+arzamae groups). They were reared from eggs of the cactus zebra worm, Melitara cf. junctoliniella Hulst, 1900 (Pyralidae: Phycitinae) infesting Opuntia streptacantha Lemaire, 1839 (Cactaceae) at Bustamante, Nuevo León, Mexico. Lacking both male specimens and a revision of the complex, no species-level identification could be made. The taxonomic placement of these wasps is discussed as well as possible implementation of these egg parasitoids in new-association biological control of the invasive cactus moth Cactoblastis cactorum (Berg, 1885) (Pyralidae: Phycitinae) in North America.
Framing of Differences: Visual Product Frames Reduce Consumer Choice Deferrals
Authors: Jia Yanli , Ouyang Jun , Dong John Qi , Jiang Yuwei
Published: August 2024

Consumer choice deferral contributes to the low conversion rate in online retailing. This article investigates the impact of visual product frames on consumers’ decisions regarding choice deferral. The authors show that using visual frames to separate options in a product assortment increases consumers’ relative use of the by-alternative (vs. by-attribute) approach for option comparisons, which induces greater perception of assortment variety and subsequently decreases choice-deferral rate. Through seven preregistered studies (including an eye-tracking study and a field experiment), the authors obtain convergent empirical evidence for these proposed effects and suggest actionable guidelines for online retailers regarding how to best design their product displays to encourage sales.
CEO Turnover and Openness of Decision-making Processes in the Post-succession Phase: Exploring a Threat-rigidity Perspective
Authors: Pieters Danika , Wynen Jan , Kleizen Bjorn
Published: August 2024

This study examines how top leader turnover in the public sector affects organizational strategic decision-making processes in the post-succession phase. Survey responses of managers were combined with a novel database on CEO turnover in the U.S. Federal Government. Drawing on threat-rigidity theory, we hypothesize that as CEO turnover is perceived as a threatening event for both managers and CEOs themselves, organizations as a whole respond by becoming more rigid, centralizing strategic decision-making and restricting the flow of information. This has knock-on effects on the quality of strategic decisions and their implementation, with detrimental effects on the delivery of public services.
Evaluation of the relationship between proximal upper-extremity arteriovenous fistula patency and atherogenic index of plasma
Authors: Pala Arda Aybars , Urcun Yusuf Salim , Guven Cengiz
Published: August 2024

Background:

The continuity of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) patency is essential for effective hemodialysis. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between AVF patency and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in patients with native proximal upper-extremity AVF.

Methods:

A total of 143 patients with native proximal upper-extremity AVF created in our clinic between January 2014 and April 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Those with at least 24 months of follow-up and intact AVF were defined as “Group 1” ( n = 97), and those with AVF thrombosis were defined as “Group 2” ( n = 46).

Results:

The primary patency rates of the patient groups included in the study were found to be 88.1% at 6th month, 79% at 12th month, and 67.8% at 24th month. The mean AIP values that were calculated in Group 2 were found to be statistically significantly higher than the mean value calculated in Group 1 (0.30 ± 0.12 vs 0.20 ± 0.10, p < 0.001). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis made to identify the predictors of proximal upper-extremity AVF thrombosis development, total cholesterol (OR [odds ratio] = 2.259, 95% CI [confidence interval] = 1.468–3.475, p < 0.001), and triglyceride (OR = 13.777, 95% CI = 3.740–50.750, p < 0.001) were identified as independent predictors.

Conclusion:

A significant relationship was detected in the analyses between the easily calculated AIP values and the development of AVF thrombosis. The AIP is a remarkable preoperative parameter regarding proximal upper-extremity AVF patency.
Patient sex and race are associated with differences in coronal plane alignment classification in native arthritic knees
Authors: Grant Caitlin , Cochrane Niall , Bethell Mikhail , Holland Christopher , Levin Jay , Helmkamp Joshua , Seyler Thorsten
Published: August 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate associations between demographics and Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) classification in pre-surgical TKA patients. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 1167 patients with knee osteoarthritis who underwent TKA. CPAK categories I-IX were determined by arithmetic mechanical hip-knee-ankle angle and joint line obliquity measurements from pre-operative bone length radiographs. Patient age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and race were collected. Chi-square test of independence and adjusted Pearson’s residuals evaluated associations between CPAK classification and demographics. Results: There was a significant association between CPAK phenotypes I-IX and patient sex (X2 = 5.8, p < 0.01). A positive association was found between both men and CPAK phenotype I, and women and CPAK phenotype VII. A positive association was found between African American patients and CPAK phenotype III and a negative association was found between African American patients and CPAK phenotype I (X2 =14.8, p-value = 0.01). There was no association between age and BMI with CPAK phenotypes (n.s.). Conclusion: These results indicate that there are unidentified sex and race differences that exist in the CPAK classification of native arthritic knees. Patient characteristics play a significant role in determining patient knee phenotypes. Further research should investigate whether these characteristics warrant inclusion in pre-operative preparations, aiming to enhance the personalization of arthroplasty procedures.
On the Interaction Between Cheap-Talk Advertising and Credible Product Reviews
Authors: Jia Xue , Suijs Jeroen
Published: August 2024

This paper investigates the interaction between cheap-talk advertising and credible third-party product reviews to inform customers about product quality. We find that cheap-talk advertising can be informative when the firm’s private information helps predict a credible product review. A more informative credible product review has two effects on cheap-talk advertising. First, a credible product review plays a disciplinary role that enables the firm to provide informative advertising. Second, it reduces the incremental value of cheap-talk advertising. We find that, in equilibrium, whether or not the advertising is consistent with a credible product review is informative about product quality. The results also imply that an overly informative product review can reduce the total information available to customers by deterring the firm from providing informative advertising.
Property Rights Restrictions and Self-Employed Workers: Evidence From For-Hire Owner–Operators in U.S. Trucking
Authors: Holzhacker Martin , Loch Harlow , Miller Jason , Scott Alex
Published: August 2024

In 2019, self-employed individuals in the United States owned and operated more than 27 million nonemployer firms and generated more than $1.3 trillion in revenue. Our study examines how self-employed workers adjust their operations in response to an exogenous regulatory change that places limits on how they can utilize their productive assets. Extending modern property rights theory of the firm (PRTF), we studied how self-employed for-hire truck drivers modified their operations in response to the required installation of electronic logging devices (ELDs) in their vehicles. The introduction of ELDs bolstered enforcement of preexisting legal hours-of-service limits, thereby weakening the drivers’ ability to accept hauls above statutory hours-of-service limits and reducing the strength of their economic property rights. Our difference-in-differences analysis that relies on self-employed truck drivers exempt from the ELD regulation as a control group reveals that the restrictions imposed by the ELD mandate, while effective at curbing major hours-of-service violations, prompted a change in a host of market behaviors among affected drivers, including a shift toward working as subcontractors, decreased labor supply, and increased exit rates from the industry. These findings contribute to the literature on PRTF. First, our findings underscore the significance of economic property rights in shaping self-employed workers’ operating decisions as legal property rights were largely left unchanged under the ELD regulation. Second, our findings with respect to subcontracting highlight that property rights restrictions placed on asset attributes may prompt self-employed workers to unbundle economic property rights and allocate them to exchange partners better equipped to maximize the economic value reaped from these rights. Such transfer of economic property rights common to intermediate forms of organizational design such as subcontracting embodies a multidimensional view of economic property rights. By demonstrating a range of consequences of restricting self-employed workers’ economic property rights, our study carries important implications for theory, managers, and policymakers.
Extending Operations Management, Operations Research, and Supply Chain Management Research With Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion: A Literature Review Approach
Authors: Johnson Michael P , Dijkstra-Silva Samanthi , Fabusuyi Tayo , Hesari Elham , Oelrich Sebastian
Published: August 2024

Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) has received increasing attention as an organizing principle and rallying point for critical analysis and advocacy across many fields of study, embracing teaching, scholarship, organization design, and professional service. Within operations research (OR), operations management (OM), supply chain management (SCM), and related fields, DEI can provide a deeper understanding of the research enterprise: what research questions are asked, how the questions are answered through research design and analytic methods, and how the knowledge gained can influence scholarship and practice. However, the OR/OM/SCM literature on DEI is fragmented and a systematic review of where we stand is missing. In this paper, we adopt principles of systematic analysis to select and examine a wide range of peer-reviewed research in OR, OM, and SCM using qualitative and quantitative methods. We develop baseline metrics that represent the presence of DEI principles in published research and, through discussion of specific papers, identify opportunities for research to meaningfully engage with DEI principles and discuss specific ways that authors’ work reflects DEI principles. We develop principles for DEI and race- and social justice-aware research in OR/OM/SCM, provide guidance for institutions to support an enabling environment for DEI-aware research, discuss a range of research opportunities in DEI-infused OR/OM/SCM, and explain how critical theory can enhance DEI-aware research in decision science. Our analysis produces insights that can support researchers in OR/OM/SCM who wish to critically address DEI and related topics and integrate them into research programs.
Mechanical thrombectomy with the InThrill device for thrombosed hemodialysis access: A single center experience
Authors: Katsiroubas Jessica , Chitanvis Maneesha , Waldman Rachel , Malik Rajesh , Ilonzo Nicole
Published: August 2024

Objective:

To assess the effectiveness and safety of the InThrill Thrombectomy System in treating thrombosed arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) and grafts (AVGs) via mechanical thrombectomy.

Methods:

Institutional database was retrospectively searched to identify all thrombectomy procedures performed using the study device at our hospital for thrombosis of AVFs or AVGs. Inclusion criteria encompassed patients aged 18 and above who underwent AV access thrombectomy using the study device. Intraprocedural metrics, including procedure time, device time, blood loss, and adjunctive procedures were collected. Technical success was defined as restoration of flow combined with <30% residual diameter stenosis of the treated vascular segment. Clinical success was defined as the resumption of normal hemodialysis for a minimum of at least one session following intervention. Through 3-month follow-up, patency, and adverse events were evaluated.

Results:

A total of 20 thrombectomies were performed on 2 AVFs and 18 AVGs in 13 patients. Median procedure and device times were 45 and 10 min, respectively. Balloon angioplasty was performed in all cases with additional stenting in 40% (8/20) of cases to address stenosis following thrombus removal. No other mechanical thrombectomy devices were utilized. Intraprocedural thrombolytics were not administered in any case. Average blood loss was 10 mL. The technical success and clinical success rates were 100% (20/20) and 95% (19/20), respectively. There were no intraoperative adverse events. One patient developed a post-operative minor hematoma, and one patient developed a post-operative pseudoaneurysm at the access site. The primary patency rate was 77% (10/13) at 1 month. Both assisted primary and secondary patency rates were 100% at 1 and 3 months.

Conclusion:

These preliminary results suggest that the InThrill Thrombectomy System is rapid, safe, and effective for thrombolytic-free treatment of AV access thrombosis in hemodialysis patients.
Gender in/and the news in the UK and Republic of Ireland: Slow but (un)steady progress?
Authors: Wheatley Dawn , Ross Karen , Carter Cynthia , Boyle Karen
Published: August 2024

For the half-century or so in which the relationship between women and news has been researched, two of the key themes have been the underrepresentation and marginalisation of women as both subjects/sources and journalists. The latest Global Media Monitoring Project (GMMP) iteration – the largest international collaborative study of women and news, running since 1995 – found the pace of change regarding women’s visibility across the news landscape to be painfully slow. Focusing on the 2020 data from the UK and Ireland, this article asks how visible are women in the news and how has this changed over time? It documents how women remain overshadowed as sources and subjects: for every two women seen or heard, there are five men. While the number of women journalists is gradually increasing, they are still less likely to cover prestigious beats such as politics and have the strongest showing as news anchors and presenters. In this article, we also use news about politics and COVID-19 as vignettes to illustrate how in times of crisis or when authoritative voices are sought, journalists are often drawn to those male sources who are already more present than women in positions of power. This contributes to the marginalisation of women’s voices in the most prominent news stories and undermines their right to full participation in democratic society.