bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meaningful Explanation Effect on User’s Trust in an AI Medical System: Designing Explanations for Non-Expert Users
Authors: Larasati Retno , De Liddo Anna , Motta Enrico
Published: November 2023

Whereas most research in AI system explanation for healthcare applications looks at developing algorithmic explanations targeted at AI experts or medical professionals, the question we raise is: How do we build meaningful explanations for laypeople? And how does a meaningful explanation affect user’s trust perceptions? Our research investigates how the key factors affecting human-AI trust change in the light of human expertise, and how to design explanations specifically targeted at non-experts. By means of a stage-based design method, we map the ways laypeople understand AI explanations in a User Explanation Model. We also map both medical professionals and AI experts’ practice in an Expert Explanation Model. A Target Explanation Model is then proposed, which represents how experts’ practice and layperson’s understanding can be combined to design meaningful explanations. Design guidelines for meaningful AI explanations are proposed, and a prototype of AI system explanation for non-expert users in a breast cancer scenario is presented and assessed on how it affect users’ trust perceptions.
Measuring and Mitigating Group Inequalities In Resource Allocation
Authors: Farahi Arya , Ting Angela , Ma Yingchen
Published: November 2023

Resource allocation, an integral part of socio-economic governance, profoundly influences individual prosperity and has the potential to mitigate or exacerbate socioeconomic disparities. This paper addresses the challenge of equitably allocating finite resources among individuals by answering two fundamental questions: (1) how to accurately measure and test group disparities and (2) how to optimally distribute resources while ensuring group fairness. We propose the Group Beneficiary Disparity (GBD) metric – an evaluation tool engineered to systematically gauge inequalities in a binary beneficiary/non-beneficiary context. The GBD provides decision-makers and planners with a powerful tool to audit social programs and optimize policies from a lens of group equality. We argue that utilitarian decision-makers cannot fully eliminate group disparities even when operating under social welfare constraints. To address this issue, we propose a new resource allocation optimization model, called
A-FARM
(Asymptotically Fair Allocation of Resources Model), with asymptotic group fairness guarantees.
A-FARM
partitions individuals into distinct, non-overlapping units and distributes resources among these units based on a utility-based allocation mechanism. Finally, we evaluate the performance of our proposed algorithm using both simulated and real-world data. Our results demonstrate that,
A-FARM
enables decision-makers to (1) achieve maximum efficiency under group fairness constraints and (2) perform a fairness-efficiency trade-off.
Information Retrieval Evaluation Measures Defined on Some Axiomatic Models of Preferences
Authors: Giner Fernando
Published: November 2023

Information retrieval (IR) evaluation measures are essential for capturing the relevance of documents to topics and determining the task performance efficiency of retrieval systems. The study of IR evaluation measures through their formal properties enables a better understanding of their suitability for a specific task. Some works have modeled the effectiveness of retrieval measures with axioms, heuristics, or desirable properties, leading to order relationships on the set where they are defined. Each of these ordering structures constitutes an axiomatic model of preferences (AMP), which can be considered as an “ideal” scenario of retrieval. Based on lattice theory and on the representational theory of measurement, this work formally explores numeric, metric, and scale properties of some effectiveness measures defined on AMPs. In some of these scenarios, retrieval measures are completely determined from the scores of a subset of document rankings: join-irreducible elements. All the possible metrics and pseudometrics, defined on these structures are expressed in terms of the join-irreducible elements. The deduced scale properties of the precision, recall,F-measure,RBP,DCG, andAPconfirm some recent results in the IR field.
2BiVQA: Double Bi-LSTM-based Video Quality Assessment of UGC Videos
Authors: Telili Ahmed , Fezza Sid Ahmed , Hamidouche Wassim , Brachemi Meftah Hanene F. Z.
Published: November 2023

Recently, with the growing popularity of mobile devices as well as video sharing platforms (e.g., YouTube, Facebook, TikTok, and Twitch), User-Generated Content (UGC) videos have become increasingly common and now account for a large portion of multimedia traffic on the internet. Unlike professionally generated videos produced by filmmakers and videographers, typically, UGC videos contain multiple authentic distortions, generally introduced during capture and processing by naive users. Quality prediction of UGC videos is of paramount importance to optimize and monitor their processing in hosting platforms, such as their coding, transcoding, and streaming. However, blind quality prediction of UGC is quite challenging, because the degradations of UGC videos are unknown and very diverse, in addition to the unavailability of pristine reference. Therefore, in this article, we propose an accurate and efficient Blind Video Quality Assessment (BVQA) model for UGC videos, which we name 2BiVQA for double Bi-LSTM Video Quality Assessment. 2BiVQA metric consists of three main blocks, including a pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network to extract discriminative features from image patches, which are then fed into two Recurrent Neural Networks for spatial and temporal pooling. Specifically, we use two Bi-directional Long Short-term Memory networks, the first is used to capture short-range dependencies between image patches, while the second allows capturing long-range dependencies between frames to account for the temporal memory effect. Experimental results on recent large-scale UGC VQA datasets show that 2BiVQA achieves high performance at lower computational cost than most state-of-the-art VQA models. The source code of our 2BiVQA metric is made publicly available at
https://github.com/atelili/2BiVQA
.
The effect of repeated hot water immersion on insulin sensitivity, heat shock protein 70, and inflammation in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: James Thomas J. , Corbett Jo , Cummings Michael , Allard Sharon , Shute Janis K. , Belcher Harvey , Mayes Harry , Gould Alex A. M. , Piccolo Daniel D. , Tipton Michael , Perissiou Maria , Saynor Zoe L. , Shepherd Anthony I.
Published: November 2023

This is the first study to investigate repeated HWI to raise deep body temperature on insulin sensitivity, inflammation, eHSP70, and substrate utilization in individuals with T2DM. The principal novel findings were improvements in fasting insulin sensitivity and fasting plasma [insulin] but no change in fasting plasma [glucose], postprandial insulin sensitivity, plasma [insulin], or [glucose]. There was also no change in eHSP70, inflammatory status, or substrate utilization but there were reductions in RMR and oxygen consumption.
Kruppel-like factor 14 ameliorated obesity and related metabolic disorders by promoting adipose tissue browning
Authors: Mao Xiaoxiang , Li Yuanxiang , Zhong Yi , Chen Ru , Wang Kun , Huang Dandan , Luo Xi
Published: November 2023

Our study first explored the role of KLF14 in the development and progression of HFD-induced obesity in male mice. Its beneficial effect on adipose browning and metabolic disorders suggests that KLF14 may provide us a new therapeutic strategy for obesity and related metabolic complications. This health problem is of global concern and needs to be addressed.
Six-day dry immersion leads to downregulation of slow-fiber type and mitochondria-related genes expression
Authors: Sharlo Kristina A. , Vilchinskaya Natalya A. , Tyganov Sergey A. , Turtikova Olga V. , Lvova Irina D. , Sergeeva Ksenia V. , Rukavishnikov Ilya V. , Shenkman Boris S. , Tomilovskaya Elena S. , Orlov Oleg I.
Published: November 2023

Dry immersion dysregulates mitochondrial genes expression, affects mi-RNA expression and PGC1 promoter methylation.
Reduced corticospinal drive and inflexible temporal adaptation during visually guided walking in older adults
Authors: Sato Sumire D. , Choi Julia T.
Published: November 2023

Corticospinal input is essential for visually guided walking, especially when the walking pattern must be modified to accurately step on safe locations. Age-related changes in corticospinal drive are associated with inflexible step time, which necessitates different locomotor adaptation strategies in older adults.
Ventral posterolateral and ventral posteromedial thalamocortical neurons have distinct physiological properties
Authors: Studtmann Carleigh , Ladislav Marek , Safari Mona , Khondaker Rabeya , Chen Yang , Vaughan Grace A. , Topolski Mackenzie A. , Tomović Eni , Balík Aleš , Swanger Sharon A.
Published: November 2023

This study revealed that somatosensory thalamocortical neurons in the VPL and VPM have substantial differences in excitatory synaptic input and intrinsic firing properties. The distinct properties suggest that VPL and VPM neurons could process somatosensory information differently and have selective vulnerability to disease. This work improves our understanding of nucleus-specific neuron function in the thalamus and demonstrates the critical importance of studying these parallel somatosensory pathways separately.
Whole-Genome, Recombinant, and Phylogenetic Analysis of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Strain CH/JSXZ/2015
Authors: Huan Changchao , Guo Xinyue , Cheng Jinlong , Chen Pengxiang , Ni Bo , Zhang Wei , Yao Jingting , Jiang Luyao , Gao Song
Published: November 2023

Background. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an important pathogen causing highly contact infectious intestinal infections in pigs belonging to the family Coronaviridae, genus Coronavirus, which can cause porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED). Since 2010, outbreaks of PEDV variants have caused great economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. Our study will provide the basis for discovering the key points of PEDV variation and help in understanding the trend of popularity and evolution of PEDV in China. Methods. We amplify the complete PEDV CH/JSXZ/2015 genome sequence from naturally infected piglets in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China, by RT-PCR. The comparative genome circle graph, characterization and phylogenetic analysis, and recombination in the PEDV CH/JSXZ/2015 and other PEDVs are analyzed by bioinformatics analysis software. Results. At the whole-genome level, CH/JSXZ/2015 showed the highest nucleotide identity (99.5%) with CH/GDZHDM/1401 strain (KR153326.1 and KX016034.1) and the lowest similarity (93.5%) to 85-7-mutant1 strain. CH/JSXZ/2015 S amino acid identity was 90.8%–99.8% compared with other strains. CH/JSXZ/2015 ORF3 amino acid identity was 91.2%–100.0% compared with other PEDV strains. Phylogenetic analysis based on the whole genome, S, and ORF3 revealed that CH/JSXZ /2015 is most genetically close to the CH/GDZHDM/1401 strain (KR153326.1 and KX016034.1) isolated in China in 2014. In addition, we revealed that the CH/GDZHDM/1401 (KX016034.1) strain, PEDV 1842/2016 ITA, and CH/JSXZ /2015 had recombination, and the position of recombination was 1–5530 and 28185–28544 bp. 5531–28184 bp of JSXZ are highly homologous to CH/GDZHDM/1401 (KX016034.1), while 1–5530 and 28185–28544 bp of JSXZ are highly homologous to 1842/2016 ITA. These results helped discover PEDV variation rules and provided a basis for preventing and controlling PEDV. Conclusions. Our study revealed that PEDV CH/JSXZ/2015 was a variant strain, the current epidemic strain in China. The CH/GDZHDM/1401 (KX016034.1) strain, PEDV 1842/2016 ITA (KY111278) and CH/JSXZ /2015 had recombination.
Optimization of Ionomer Content in Anode Catalyst Layer for Improving Performance of Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer
Authors: Park Yoo Sei , Jang Myeong Je , Jeong Jae-Yeop , Lee Jooyoung , Jeong Jaehoon , Kim Chiho , Yang Juchan , Choi Sung Mook
Published: November 2023

Anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolyzers, which are considered next-generation hydrogen production energy devices, generate hydrogen using a nonprecious metal as the electrocatalyst. However, most current studies tend to focus on the development of highly active electrocatalysts based on nonprecious metals, and there have been few attempts to develop improved electrodes for these devices. In particular, the catalyst layer of the electrode is the key component that directly affects the performance of AEM electrolyzers. In this study, we developed a high-performance anode for the AEM water electrolyzer by optimizing the ionomer content of the anode catalyst layer. In particular, the electrochemical behavior of the AEM electrolyzer was systematically analyzed while varying the amount of ionomer present within the anode catalyst layer. The ionomer content significantly affects the ohmic and mass transport losses of the AEM electrolyzer and consequently plays an important role in determining its performance. Upon employing the optimized ionomer, a current density of 1.44 A/cm2 was achieved at 1.8 V, representing a 25% improvement compared to using a nonoptimized ionomer. In addition, the ionomer content also significantly affects the durability of the system. Thus, this study highlights the importance of developing improved electrodes for the realization of high-performance AEM water electrolyzers.
Comorbidity Patterns of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Symptoms: Cross-Validation in Two Postearthquake Child and Adolescent Samples
Authors: Xu Boya , Yuan Hao , Wu Xinchun , Wang Wenchao
Published: November 2023

Background. Children and adolescents who have been exposed to a major natural disaster are more likely to suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. However, only a few studies have examined comorbidity patterns at the symptom level. Furthermore, researchers should validate their findings using multiple samples to address the psychological reproducibility challenge. Methods. The Child PTSD Symptom Scale (CPSS) and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC) were administered to two postearthquake child and adolescent samples (Wenchuan earthquake,

N
=
1506

; Ya’an earthquake,

N
=
720

). Each sample was followed up twice. Comorbidity patterns were characterized by cross-lagged panel network analysis (CLPN), and communities were determined by bootstrap exploratory graphical analysis (bootEGA). Results. Except for having difficulty remembering important aspects of the trauma, the remaining dysphoria symptoms could be considered bridge symptoms between PTSD and depression. Most often, intrusive and avoidant symptoms clustered together, whereas dysphoria symptoms tended to cluster with depressive symptoms. The relationship between PTSD and depression was reciprocal; within PTSD, intrusive symptoms often triggered avoidance symptoms. The correlation coefficient between the two networks was 0.70, and the correlation coefficient of node centrality was 0.55. Findings. The association between dysphoria symptoms and depression was strong, and intrusive symptoms constituted the core symptoms of PTSD. Depression and PTSD were causally related, explaining the high comorbidity rates. Two sample networks had similar global characteristics but different local characteristics. The conclusions can be generalized to some extent.
Mechanical Strength, Solubility, and Functional Studies of Developed Composite Biopolymeric Film
Authors: Bishnoi Ankit , Chandla Narender Kumar , Talwar Gopika , Khatkar Sunil Kumar , Sharma Amandeep
Published: November 2023

The study evaluated the use of corn, quinoa, and tapioca starches with glycerol to develop biopolymer films. The water binding and oil binding capacities of the starches were determined, and tapioca starch was found to have good film-forming properties and produce transparent films. During the study, starches and glycerol with concentrations of 6%

w
/
v

and 3%

w
/
v

respectively, were used to develop the biopolymer films. These starches were evaluated for water binding and oil binding, with capacities that ranged from 182.62 to 199.60% and 159.02 to 193.33%, respectively. Quinoa starch presented the highest final viscosity (3584.00 cP), followed by corn starch (3058.00 cP) and tapioca starch (2547.00 cP), which indicate that these starches possess an intermediate range of viscosities required for the development of biopolymeric films. Comparative studies of the properties of starches were done with the intention of developing better quality films among corn, quinoa, and tapioca starch as base raw materials. Tapioca starch exhibits a good film-forming property and produces transparent films. Further, based on the evaluation of physical and mechanical properties, tapioca starch (6%

w
/
v

) with glycerol (3%

w
/
v

) was found suitable as a base ingredient to develop the composite biopolymeric films. Results showed that the functional properties of tapioca starch-based films were significantly enhanced after the incorporation of whey protein isolate (WPI). Particularly, the solubility of different films prepared from tapioca with WPI as the base material was measured at three different temperatures, i.e., 5, 25, and 50°C, and significant differences in solubility at different temperature values were observed. An increase in the tensile strength (TS) after the incorporation of WPI in tapioca starch is an indication of the establishment of a strong starch-protein matrix network in developed biopolymeric films. Also, TGA analysis was performed to determine the percentage degradation in weight of the film samples. The SEM micrographs of the optimized composite biopolymeric film showed a smooth surface without surface cracks.
Variability of Dynamic Properties of Rubber Compounds for Elastomeric Bearings
Authors: Micozzi F. , Ragni L. , Gioiella L. , Quaglini V. , Dall’Asta A.
Published: November 2023

The λ-factors for stiffness and damping of rubber bearings should be experimentally assessed during the qualification process or deduced from tests performed on material specimens. Moreover, the λ-factors suggested in the informative annexes of EN 15129 and of EC8-part 2 can be also used as reference values. However, they are derived from outdated experimental campaigns and do not refer to all the sources of variability. In this paper, a statistical analysis on a significant set of rubber compounds, certified according to EN 15129 from different suppliers, is carried out to assess the current variability of the dynamic properties of such compounds. Different sources of variability may be identified by distinguishing between behavioural and environmental effects. For elastomeric bearings, especially high-damping rubber (HDR) ones, the main behavioural effects are strain amplitude, strain rate dependence, and cyclic degradation, whereas the environmental effects are due to temperature variation and ageing. All these sources of variability have been analysed in this paper. The results of the statistical analysis have been used to propose a new set of λ-factors for all the source of variability studied. Such new values have been compared with the ones suggested by the codes when available. The main inconsistencies found have been highlighted and commented in this paper. Finally, some considerations about the influence of such variability on the structural response of base-isolated structures have been drawn by focusing on both the isolation system and the superstructure.
Enhanced Adsorption of Rose Bengal Dye from Aqueous Solution Using NaOH Activated Hydrochar Derived from Corncob Waste
Authors: Sivaranjanee R. , Kumar P. Senthil
Published: November 2023

A potential approach to the preparation of affordable activated hydrochar is the hydrothermal carbonization of biomass wastes. In this study, hydrochar was made by hydrothermally carbonizing corncob wastes and then activating them with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). According to the findings, the adsorption capabilities of hydrochar generated at prolonged retention durations, lesser liquid-to-solid ratios, and elevated temperatures were considerably greater. The hydrochars were then analyzed utilizing a variety of characterization methods, and batch tests involving the sorption of rose bengal dye were carried out under a variety of conditions. According to the findings, activated hydrochar has a specific surface area of 12.794 m2/g. In order to better understand and characterize the process of rose bengal dye adsorption, sorption kinetics, and sorption equilibrium onto the produced hydrochars, sorption kinetics and isotherms were further examined through experimental data fitting. The NaOH-activated hydrochar’s adsorption capacity was 799.9 mg/g, respectively. The objective of this research was to assess the viability of using NaOH-activated hydrochar derived from corncobs as an economical and efficient sorbent for eliminating anionic dyes like rose bengal from aqueous solutions. Additionally, the study sought to investigate how various factors influence its sorption capabilities and to provide insights into the adsorption process through kinetic and isotherm analyses.
Research on Government Green Subsidy Strategy of Heterogeneous Agricultural Product Supply Chain
Authors: Wu Rong , Chen Yanqi , Jiang Man , Zhang Jian
Published: November 2023

To promote dual carbon targets, this study builds a heterogeneous agricultural product supply chain comprised of a green agricultural product producer, an ordinary agricultural products producer, and a retailer. This study constructs four strategic government green subsidy models, wherein the nongovernment subsidy, government subsidy for green agricultural producers, subsidy for green consumers, and dual subsidies. Based on Stackelberg’s game theory, this study analyzes the impact of differentiated green subsidies on heterogeneous agricultural product supply chain decision-making. The results show that the government will provide green subsidies only when the input cost coefficient of green quality is within a certain threshold. Consumers’ preference for green agricultural products will improve the level of green quality. The dual subsidy strategy of the government has the highest social welfare and can stimulate the motivation of green production. When considering the subsidy expenditure, the green consumer subsidy strategy can achieve a higher level of green quality and promote the consumption of green agricultural products. The government should combine different subsidy target effects and subsidy effects to provide appropriate green subsidy strategies. According to the corresponding subsidy strategy, the producers and retailers of heterogeneous agricultural products carry out green investment, reasonable pricing, and precision marketing.
Composite Lymphoma with Follicular Lymphoma Transformation to Clonally Related Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and EBV-PositiveClassic Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Ryder Christopher B. , Saeed Hayder , Hussaini Mohammad
Published: November 2023

While the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is known to drive de novo lymphomagenesis, it may rarely contribute to transformation of indolent lymphoma as well. Some EBV-related lymphomas represent a diagnostic challenge with important prognostic and therapeutic implications. We describe a case of follicular lymphoma (FL) transformation to both EBV + diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and EBV + classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), the latter of which was only identified retrospectively after selective outgrowth during DLBCL therapy. Finally, we describe successful salvage therapy with brentuximab vedotin plus nivolumab. This is the first known case of composite lymphoma with FL, EBV + DLBCL, and EBV + cHL within a single lymph node. The disease course highlights the importance of careful morphologic examination and comprehensive immunophenotypic characterization of EBV + lymphomas to ensure proper clinical care and underscores the potential for novel therapies currently under investigation. This trial is registered with NCT01671813.
Prediction of Refractive Indices of Binary Mixtures of Ionic Liquids and Water
Authors: Ali Mohd Sajid , Tariq Mohammad
Published: November 2023

In the present work, we have successfully predicted the refractive indices of binary mixtures containing ionic liquids (ILs) and water as a component following the approach of Gladstone–Dale and Newton. These approaches were proposed as adequate to predict the refractive indices of mixtures containing imidazolium-based ILs with water or ethanol. It requires just the knowledge of the density and refractive index of pure components to obtain the value of refractive index of binary mixtures at any composition. We have selected 30 binary systems that contain ILs from imidazolium, ammonium, pyrrolidinium, and pyridinium families for validation. The tested data comprise of more than 400 mixture points. The results are presented in terms of average percentage deviations (APDs) from the experimental values. The Gladstone–Dale method gives better results compared to the Newton approach. The reasons why these approaches give large APDs for some mixtures are discussed in the manuscript.
Stronger Together: Cancer Clones Cooperate to Alleviate Growth Barriers in Critical Cancer Progression Transitions
Authors: Compton Zachary T. , Mallo Diego , Maley Carlo C.
Published: November 2023

Hershey and colleagues recently showed how clones in a triple-negative breast cancer cell line cooperate for their mutual fitness benefit. In this system, clones exchange soluble metabolites to increase their in vitro growth rate at low population densities, therefore mitigating the documented growth barrier that reduces individual fitness in small tumor cell populations (Allee effect). Such cooperation could aid important transitions in cancer progression in which cancer cell populations are small, like invasion or metastasis. Using orthotopic transplantation, the authors demonstrate that this cooperation is functional in one such transition in vivo, increasing the metastatic load and number of metastases, which are usually polyclonal. Together, these findings highlight the need to consider ecologic interactions to properly understand tumor growth dynamics, and how they complement the standing evolutionary model of cancer progression in our quest to understand and treat cancer.
Sensitive MRD Detection from Lymphatic Fluid after Surgery in HPV-Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Earland Noah , Semenkovich Nicholas P. , Ramirez Ricardo J. , Gerndt Sophie P. , Harris Peter K. , Gu Zhuosheng , Hearn Andrew I. , Inkman Matthew , Szymanski Jeffrey J. , Whitfield Damion , Wahle Benjamin M. , Xu Zhongping , Chen Kevin , Alahi Irfan , Ni Gabris , Chen Andrew , Winckler Wendy , Zhang Jin , Chaudhuri Aadel A. , Zevallos Jose P.
Published: November 2023

Purpose:

Our goal was to demonstrate that lymphatic drainage fluid (lymph) has improved sensitivity in quantifying postoperative minimal residual disease (MRD) in locally advanced human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) compared with plasma, and leverage this novel biofluid for patient risk stratification.

Experimental Design:

We prospectively collected lymph samples from neck drains of 106 patients with HPV (+) OPSCC, along with 67 matched plasma samples, 24 hours after surgery. PCR and next-generation sequencing were used to quantify cancer-associated cell-free HPV (cf-HPV) and tumor-informed variants in lymph and plasma. Next, lymph cf-HPV and variants were compared with TNM stage, extranodal extension (ENE), and composite definitions of high-risk pathology. We then created a machine learning model, informed by lymph MRD and clinicopathologic features, to compare with progression-free survival (PFS).

Results:

Postoperative lymph was enriched with cf-HPV compared with plasma (P < 0.0001) and correlated with pN2 stage (P = 0.003), ENE (P < 0.0001), and trial-defined pathologic risk criteria (mean AUC = 0.78). In addition, the lymph mutation number and variant allele frequency were higher in pN2 ENE (+) necks than in pN1 ENE (+) (P = 0.03, P = 0.02) or pN0-N1 ENE (−) (P = 0.04, P = 0.03, respectively). The lymph MRD-informed risk model demonstrated inferior PFS in high-risk patients (AUC = 0.96, P < 0.0001).

Conclusions:

Variant and cf-HPV quantification, performed in 24-hour postoperative lymph samples, reflects single- and multifeature high-risk pathologic criteria. Incorporating lymphatic MRD and clinicopathologic feature analysis can stratify PFS early after surgery in patients with HPV (+) head and neck cancer.

See related commentary by Shannon and Iyer, p. 1223
ERK1/2 Phosphorylation Predicts Survival in Recurrent Glioblastoma Following Intracerebral and Adjuvant PD-1/CTLA-4 Immunotherapy: A REMARK-guided Analysis
Authors: Arrieta Víctor A. , Duerinck Johnny , Burdett Kirsten B. , Habashy Karl J. , Geens Wietse , Gould Andrew , Schwarze Julia K. , Dmello Crismita , Kim Kwang-Soo , Saganty Ruth , Chen Li , Moscona Alberto , McCord Matthew , Lee-Chang Catalina , Horbinski Craig M. , Zhang Hui , Stupp Roger , Neyns Bart , Sonabend Adam M.
Published: November 2023

Purpose:

Evidence suggests that MAPK pathway activation, as measured by ERK1/2 phosphorylation (p-ERK), predicts overall survival (OS) in patients with recurrent glioblastoma receiving anti-PD-1 therapy. We aimed to validate these findings in independent cohorts.

Experimental Design:

In a 24-patient clinical trial on recurrent glioblastoma and high-grade gliomas, we examined the link between p-ERK levels and OS. Patients received intravenous nivolumab, followed by maximal safe resection and an intracerebral injection of either ipilimumab alone or combined with nivolumab. Biweekly adjuvant nivolumab was then administered up to five times (NCT03233152). Using REporting recommendations for tumor MARKER prognostic studies (REMARK) criteria, we conducted independent analyses for p-ERK quantification and statistical evaluations. Additional comparative analysis included prior cohorts, totaling 65 patients. Cox proportional hazards models and meta-analysis were employed to assess p-ERK as a predictive biomarker after immunotherapy.

Results:

Lower median p-ERK+ cell density was observed compared with prior studies, likely due to variable tissue processing across cohorts. Nonetheless, high p-ERK was associated with prolonged OS, particularly in isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type glioblastomas (P = 0.036). Median OS for high and low p-ERK patients were 55.6 and 30 weeks, respectively. Multivariable analysis reinforced p-ERK's significance in survival prediction (P = 0.011). Upon p-ERK normalization across cohorts (n = 65), meta-analysis supported the survival benefit of elevated tumor p-ERK levels (P = 0.0424).

Conclusions:

This study strengthens the role of p-ERK as a predictive biomarker for OS in patients with glioblastoma on immune checkpoint blockade. Future research should focus on further validation in prospective trials and the standardization of preanalytical variables influencing p-ERK quantification.
Olaparib plus Durvalumab, with or without Bevacizumab, as Treatment in PARP Inhibitor-Naïve Platinum-Sensitive Relapsed Ovarian Cancer: A Phase II Multi-Cohort Study
Authors: Drew Yvette , Kim Jae-Weon , Penson Richard T. , O'Malley David M. , Parkinson Christine , Roxburgh Patricia , Plummer Ruth , Im Seock-Ah , Imbimbo Martina , Ferguson Michelle , Rosengarten Ora , Steeghs Neeltje , Kim Min Hwan , Gal-Yam Einav , Tsoref Daliah , Kim Jae-Hoon , You Benoit , De Jonge Maja , Lalisang Roy , Gort Eelke , Bastian Sara , Meyer Kassondra , Feeney Laura , Baker Nigel , Ah-See Mei-Lin , Domchek Susan M. , Banerjee Susana ,   for the MEDIOLA Investigators
Published: November 2023

Purpose:

Early results from the phase II MEDIOLA study (NCT02734004) in germline BRCA1- and/or BRCA2-mutated (gBRCAm) platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer (PSROC) showed promising efficacy and safety with olaparib plus durvalumab. We report efficacy and safety of olaparib plus durvalumab in an expansion cohort of women with gBRCAm PSROC (gBRCAm expansion doublet cohort) and two cohorts with non-gBRCAm PSROC, one of which also received bevacizumab (non-gBRCAm doublet and triplet cohorts).

Patients and Methods:

In this open-label, multicenter study, PARP inhibitor-naïve patients received olaparib plus durvalumab treatment until disease progression; the non-gBRCAm triplet cohort also received bevacizumab. Primary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR; gBRCAm expansion doublet cohort), disease control rate (DCR) at 24 weeks (non-gBRCAm cohorts), and safety (all cohorts).

Results:

The full analysis and safety analysis sets comprised 51, 32, and 31 patients in the gBRCAm expansion doublet, non-gBRCAm doublet, and non-gBRCAm triplet cohorts, respectively. ORR was 92.2% [95% confidence interval (CI), 81.1–97.8] in the gBRCAm expansion doublet cohort (primary endpoint); DCR at 24 weeks was 28.1% (90% CI, 15.5–43.9) in the non-gBRCAm doublet cohort (primary endpoint) and 74.2% (90% CI, 58.2–86.5) in the non-gBRCAm triplet cohort (primary endpoint). Grade ≥ 3 adverse events were reported in 47.1%, 65.6%, and 61.3% of patients in the gBRCAm expansion doublet, non-gBRCAm doublet, and non-gBRCAm triplet cohorts, respectively, most commonly anemia.

Conclusions:

Olaparib plus durvalumab continued to show notable clinical activity in women with gBRCAm PSROC. Olaparib plus durvalumab with bevacizumab demonstrated encouraging clinical activity in women with non-gBRCAm PSROC. No new safety signals were identified.
Successful Endoscopic Removal of Anisakis Larva that Deeply Invaded the Gastric Mucosa Using Jumbo Forceps
Authors: Arai Toshio , Kunogi Takehito , Kinebuchi Takahiro , Nakano Yasuhiro , Nishikawa Koji , Sugiyama Hiromu
Published: November 2023

Anisakiasis is a parasitic disease caused by the ingestion of raw or uncooked seafood infected with third-stage larvae of anisakid nematodes. Generally, the larvae parasites live at the surface of the mucosa, but in this case, the larva deeply invaded its head into the gastric mucosa and was not removable with conventional biopsy forceps. In our case, we demonstrated the usefulness of jumbo forceps to remove the Anisakis larva in such a situation.
Clinical Effects of Oral Supplementation of Gamma-Cyclodextrin Curcumin Complex in Male Patients with Moderate-To-Severe Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia-Related Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
Authors: Crocerossa Fabio , Cantiello Francesco , Bagalá Lorenzo , Sicoli Francesco , Carbonara Umberto , Manfredi Celeste , Falagario Ugo , Veccia Alessandro , Pandolfo Savio D. , Napolitano Luigi , Ferro Matteo , Di Dio Michele , Mondaini Nicola , Damiano Rocco
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common cause of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) in males. Curcumin exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties which may be effective for BPH. This multi-arm observational study evaluated the real-world efficacy of QURMIN® (Gamma-cyclodextrin-curcumin Complex-CAVACURMIN®) as single or combination therapy for BPH. Methods: Men with moderate-severe LUTS/BPH, receiving a 6-month supplementation with QURMIN® alone or in combination with BPH-specific medication were propensity score matched with patients not taking curcumin and then divided into subgroups based on concomitant baseline treatment. Cohorts were compared in the 6-month variation of IPSS, quality of life (IPSS-QoL), Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Impact Index (BII) and uroflowmetry parameters. Curcumin tolerability was evaluated in terms of discontinuations and adverse effects. Results: The 1:1 propensity score matching resulted in a treatment-naïve (n = 152), an alpha-blocker only (AB) (n = 138) and AB + 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) (n = 78) subgroup. After 6 months, drug-naïve patients taking curcumin reported significant improvement in IPSS-storage (−3.9, p < 0.001), IPSS-voiding (−2.0, p = 0.011), IPSS-total (−5.9, p < 0.001), IPSS-QoL (−3.9, p < 0.001), BII (−2.0, p < 0.001), Qmax (+3.1 mL/s, p < 0.001), Qmean (+1.9 mL/s, p = 0.005), post-void residual volume (−7.7 mL, p < 0.001), and PSA (−0.3 ng/mL, p = 0.003), compared to controls. Patients taking ABs and curcumin showed improvement in IPSS-storage (−2.7, p < 0.001), IPSS-voiding (−1.3, p = 0.033), IPSS-total (−3.5, p < 0.001), IPSS-QoL (−1.1, p = 0.004), BII (−1.7, p = 0.006), Qmax (+1.0 mL/s, p = 0.006), and PSA (−0.2 ng/mL, p = 0.01). Patients taking curcumin and AB + 5-ARI showed improvement in IPSS-storage (−1.3, p = 0.007), IPSS-total (−1.6, p = 0.034), IPSS-QoL (−1.1, p < 0.001), and BII (−2.0, p < 0.001). No adverse reactions were reported for curcumin supplementation. Conclusion: QURMIN® (CAVACURMIN®) led to significant improvements in symptom burden, uroflow parameters, and QoL, without significant additional side effects, thus proving to be a potential new treatment for BPH, either as a single therapy or in addition to standard treatment.
Mixed Diffuse and Tumoral Form of Bing-Neel Syndrome Successfully Treated with Ibrutinib
Authors: Naveed Ahmad Junid A. , Schroeder Brett A. , Yun John Paul T. , Aboulafia David M.
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Bing-Neel syndrome (BNS) is a rare and heterogenous manifestation of Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) involving central nervous system (CNS) infiltration by malignant lymphoplasmacytic cells. Efforts to standardize diagnostic criteria have improved in recent years, as have treatment options including the use of the Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKI) ibrutinib. Case Presentation: Here, we present the case of a 70-year-old male with a remote history of WM previously treated with bendamustine and rituximab, who presented to medical attention with several months of left-sided weakness, headache, and ataxia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed numerous enhancing masses in the bilateral cerebral hemispheres, inferior medulla, and upper cervical spine. Laboratory studies showed serum IgM lambda monoclonal gammopathy and elevated free serum kappa and lambda light chains, while cerebrospinal fluid flow cytometry revealed CD19+ B cells. Stereotactic brain biopsy of a right frontal brain lesion was consistent with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, confirmed by a positive MYD88 L265P mutation. He received ibrutinib 420 mg orally daily, and this resulted in appreciable clinical and radiologic responses, which have persisted over a 31-month period. Conclusion: The advent of molecularly targeted agents and novel therapies for WM has provided patients and clinicians with additional therapeutic options. The use of BTK inhibitors with their high-level CNS penetrance, in particular, offers a novel way to treat BNS and improve patient overall survival while maintaining a high level of quality of life. We discuss the importance of MYD88 L265P testing in the context of BNS as well as the expanding role of BTKIs in treating this disease.
A Bibliometrics of the Treatment of Alopecia Areata in the Past Twenty Years
Authors: Luo Wen-Rong , Shen Gan , Yang Li-Hua , Zhu Xiao-Hai
Published: November 2023

Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by hair loss on the scalp, face, and other body areas. Despite affecting approximately 2% of the global population, there has been no previous bibliometric analysis specifically focusing on AA treatment that can guide researchers in exploring promising treatment options and directing future research efforts. Summary: This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of AA treatment research, encompassing publications from 2003 to 2022. A total of 1,323 papers from 65 countries, predominantly led by the USA and China, were included in the analysis. The number of publications related to AA treatment showed a notable increase over the years. Prominent research institutions included the University of Manchester, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, University of Miami, and Columbia University. Among the journals, Dermatologic Therapy stood out as the most popular, while the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology appeared as the most frequently co-cited publication.
Exploring network security threats through text mining techniques: a comprehensive analysis
Authors: Wahyuningsih Tri , Sembiring Irwan , Setiawan Adi , Setyawan Iwan
Published: November 2023

In response to the escalating cybersecurity threats, this research focuses on leveraging text mining techniques to analyze network security data effectively. The study utilizes user-generated reports detailing attacks on server networks. Employing clustering algorithms, these reports are grouped based on threat levels. Additionally, a classification algorithm discerns whether network activities pose security risks. The research achieves a noteworthy 93% accuracy in text classification, showcasing the efficacy of these techniques. The novelty lies in classifying security threat report logs according to their threat levels. Prioritizing high-risk threats, this approach aids network management in strategic focus. By enabling swift identification and categorization of network security threats, this research equips organizations to take prompt, targeted actions, enhancing overall network security.
Adaptive tuning of PID using chef‑based optimization algorithm for improving automatic voltage regulator
Authors: Aribowo Widi , Rahmadian Reza , Widyartono Mahendra
Published: November 2023

This  article  presents  the  proportional-integral-derivative  (PID)  parameter tuning  on  the  automatic  voltage  regulator  (AVR)  using  the chef-based optimization   algorithm   (CBOA).   CBOA   is   modeling   cooking   training activities consisting of students and young chefs in an effort to mature cooking skills.  This  article  uses  other  methods  as  a  comparison  in  measuring  the performance  of  the  proposed  method.  The  methods  used  are grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) and cooperation search algorithm (CSA). The simulation results show that the proposed method, namely CBOA, has a better ability in the peak value of overshoot, which is 0.232% compared to the CSA method and 12.99% compared to the GOA method.
Grain size effects on the behavior of silicone rubber high voltage power cables using seagull optimization algorithm
Authors: Ahmed Qenwy Shaymaa , Abdulaziz Aldossari Saud , AboRas Kareem , Saad Eldeen Nasrat Loai , Hossam-Eldin Ahmed
Published: November 2023

High voltage insulation is one of the most important components of electrical power systems. Polymeric materials have lately supplanted ceramic materials as insulating materials due to their low weight, straightforward structure, high mechanical strength, good performance in the presence of pollution, ease of transportation, and ability to enhance voltage. The purpose of this thesis is to add micro and nano-sized aluminum oxide (Al2O3) fillers to silicone rubber (SIR) to enhance its electrical characteristics. Micro Al2O3filler with contents of 10wt%, 20wt%, 30wt%, and 40wt% was combined with nano Al2O3with contents of 1wt%, 3wt%, 5wt%, and 7wt% to create samples of SIRcomposites. The composites’dielectric strength is evaluated in a variety of environments, including dry, wet, low-salt wet, and high-salt wet circumstances. In order to boost the insulator’s dielectric strength under diverse environmental conditions, this research aims to develop a weight ratio composition for such a composite. The ideal concentration of nano or micro Al2O3fillers has been calculated using the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and seagull optimization algorithm (SOA).
Optimization of the operations and maintenancefor wind farm using genetic algorithms
Authors: Mkhaitari Rachid , Mir Yamina , Zazoui Mimoun
Published: November 2023

In Morocco, with the growing wind installed capacity it becomes crucial to perform further the O&M process, the wind assets are exposed to several constraints and raindom of maintenances for incidents. The target of this work is to optimize the gross and net production while simultaneously adhering to the minimum turbine unavailability and minimizing all contractual power curtailments due to unforeseeable factors. The proposed system is modeled using technical and mathematical formulas composed of the main function and the associated constraints. The project's modularization ends with a complex mathematical system that is non-linear, non-differentiable and requires the genetic algorithm for optimal resolution. Using Matlab to determine the optimized solution that represents the number of operational turbines per day, allowing for maximum production, minimizing curtailment, and reducing the unavailability of turbines. The 365-vector containing the numbers of turbines per day will opimally define the long-term O&M strategy.
Supraharmonic mitigation in microgrid and electric vehicle charging station through multilevel converter
Authors: Subramaniya Siva Ayyar , Ganesan Ramesh Kumar Sakunthala , Dhayalini Karuppiah
Published: November 2023

The problem of supraharmonics (SH) in a microgrid (MG) system connected to an electric vehicle (EV) charging station is discussed in this work. SH, or high-frequency harmonics which occur beyond the typical harmonic spectrum, can cause problems with power quality (PQ) and equipment failure. A multilevel converter (MLC)-based solution is proposed together with a frequency domain analysis method to lessen this issue. Using frequency domain methods like the fast fourier transform (FFT), the suggested method precisely measures and examines the SH content in the MG and EV charging station. Based on the findings, an MLC control method that actively lowers the SH is created. The efficiency of the suggested strategy in lowering SH levels and ensuring PQ is assessed through experimental validation. The development of SH analysis and mitigation techniques as a result of this research makes it easier to safely and effectively integrate the infrastructure for EVs with renewable energy sources (RES).
Performance improvement in photovoltaic-grid system using genetic algorithm
Authors: Sankar Rangasamy , Chandrakala Durairaj , Hema Rengaraj , Padmapriya Dakshnamurthy
Published: November 2023

In recent, photov oltaic (PV) power generation has increased in importance. The growing significance of PV power production has generated the demand for enhancing energy efficiency via continuous operation at the maximum power point (MPP). To enable effective MPP trac king, the suggested system integrates a proportional - integral (PI) controller with the p erturb and observe (P&O) technique. In order to improve performance in a PV grid system, this work provides a unique method using a proportional - integral - derivative (PI D) controller optimized using a genetic algorithm (GA). The proposed controller architecture integrates the GA algorithm with a PID controller in the voltage source inverter (VSI) of the PV system. To enable effective grid integration, the GA is used to co ntinually optimize the PID controller settings. The converter’ s design criteria and computations are discussed, and MATLAB simulations are used to assess the system’ s performance. Compared to traditional PID controllers, the observed findings show increas ed efficiency, cheaper cost, and enhanced controllability. The suggested GA - PID controller offers opportunities for more study and development in this area while showing potential for improving PV grid system performance.