bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of industry on the content of fatty acids in the tissues of the honey-bee head
Authors: Vyshchur V. Y. , Gutyj B. V. , Nyschemenko N. P. , Kushnir I. M. , Salata V. Z. , Tarasenko L. O. , Khimych M. S. , Kushnir V. I. , Kalyn B. M. , Magrelo N. V. , Boiko P. K. , Kolotnyskyy V. A. , Velesyk T. , Pundyak T. O. , Gubash O. P.
Published: December 2019

The tissues of the head of honey bees which are kept in the areas with a medium and low level of technogenic burden demonstrate the decrease in the contents of iron, zinc, copper, chromium, nickel, lead and cadmium in comparison with the tissues of the head of honey bees grown in areas with a high level of technogenic burden. Due to the activity of saturated fatty acids with the even and odd number of carbon atoms in chain, monounsaturated fatty acids of n-7 and n-9 families and polyunsaturated fatty acids of n-3 and n-6 families, the contents of anionic fatty acids, which are inaccessible for the bee body, decreases in the tissues of the head of honey bees which are kept in the areas with a medium and low level of technogenic burden in comparison with the tissues of the head of honey bees grown in areas with a high level of technogenic burden. 3. Monounsaturated fatty acids of n-7 and n-9 families and polyunsaturated fatty acids of n-3 and n-6 families in the tissues of the head of honey bees lead to increase of the total number of easily accessible non-esterified fatty acids for the honey bees which are kept in the areas with a medium and low level of technogenic burden in comparison with the tissues of the head of honey bees grown in areas with a high level of technogenic burden. Furthermore, the intensity of transformations of the non-esterified form of linolenic acid in its more long-chain and more unsaturated derivatives rises in the head tissues of the former. This fact indicates that the reduction of technogenic impact on the area results in the increase of the activity of desaturase in the tissues of the head of honey bees. The contents of heavy metals, anionic and non-esterified fatty acids in the tissues of the head of honey bees which are kept in the areas with low level of technogenic burden undergoes the most significant changes.
Ecologically safe methods for presowing treatment of cereal seeds
Authors: Bezpal'ko V. V. , Zhukova L. V. , Stankevich S. V. , Ogurtsov Yu. H. , Klymenko I. I. , Hutians'kyi R. A. , Fesenko A. Mu. , Turenko V. P. , Zabrodina I. V. , Bondarenko S. V. , Batova O. M. , Golovan L. V. , Klymenko I. Vu. , Poedinceva A. A. , Melenti V. O.
Published: December 2019

We analyzed various sources of scientific literature and our data at the experimental field of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences Plant Growing Institute named after V.Ya. Yuryev within 2010-2013. The irradiation of winter wheat and spring barley seeds with the electromagnetic fields of the extremely high frequencies (MWF of EHF) was carried out with the help of the equipment of the Kharkiv Technical University of Radio Electronics. The treatment of seeds with the microwave oscillations of the extremely high frequency electromagnetic field (MWF of EHF) that is widely used for the operation of many radio and home microwave devices was done at the frequency range of 2.5-3.4 GHz, at the power of 0.9-1.8 kW for 5-95 seconds per 1 kg of seeds. The sowing quality of the seeds before and after treatment was determined in accordance with the current State Standard of Ukraine 4138-2002 in the laboratory of the seed production and seed science of the Plant Growing Institute named after V.Ya. Yuryev. The field experiments were performed in the crop rotation laboratory of the seed production and seed science. Pea for grain was sown before spring barley and the black fallow preceded winter wheat. During the experiments the area of the studied plot was 20 m2, the recurrence was four-times, and the placement of the plots were systemic.We suggested the optimum regimes of seeds irradiation with the microwave field of an extremely high frequency (MWF of EHF). They should be at range of 2.4-3.4 GHz with the power consumption of 0.9 kW per 1 kg of seed and at exposure of 45 seconds of 1.8 kW per 1 kg of seeds and exposure of 15-20 seconds. Such regimes cause the increased energy of germination, seeds sprouting, and crop capacity. We proposed to use this solution for improving and increasing the ecological features of winter wheat and spring barley by using the presowing microwave irradiation of seeds instead of chemical treatment. We considered the complex presowing treatment of seeds with MWF of EHF in combination with the plant growth regulators should be adopted and further enhanced.
Integrated pest management of flea beetles (Phyllotreta spp.) in spring oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)
Authors: Stankevich S. V. , Yevtushenko M. D. , Vilna V. V. , Zabrodina I. V. , Lutytska N. V. , Nakonechna Yu. O. , Molchanova O. A. , Melenti V. O. , Golovan L. V. , Klymenko I. V. , Zhukova L. V. , Pismennyi O. V.
Published: December 2019

One of the most dangerous pests of rape is a complex of the undulating flea beetles that can do harm to the plants from the phase of sprouting and until the harvest ripening. According to our research, all six species of the undulating flea beetles are spread in the Eastern Forest–Steppe of Ukraine. The most numerous species are Phyllotreta atra F. (about 71%) and Phyllotreta nigripes F., the latter is less numerous (about 16%). The rest 4 species make up from 0.4 to 8.8% in the population structure. The damage of spring rape sprouts caused by the leaf beetles both against the background with the fertilizers (N30P30K30) and against the background without the fertilizers significantly affects a weight of 1000 seeds. Against the background without the fertilizers it is a little less and R²=0.875 while against the background with the fertilizers R²=0.9986. The yield capacity of spring rape both against the background with the fertilizers (N30P30K30) and against the background without the fertilizers depends on the degree of the sprouts damaged by the leaf–eating pests largely. It is a little higher against the background without the fertilizers and R²=0.9995 while against the background with the fertilizers R²=0.9911. The presowing toxicity of spring rapeseeds with the subsequent spraying of the crops in the phase of sprouting, namely the toxicity of two pairs of true leaves, provides a reduction in the density of the undulating flea beetles population 7.5–10.0 times below the level of the economic threshold of harmfulness. The best field germination of rape seeds both against the background without the fertilizers and against the background with the fertilizers is noted. The applied insecticide and fungicide seed treatment agents have a negative affect on the laboratory germination of spring rape seed material. The worst indices of germination were noted in the variants when applying Royal FLO, 48% of water and suspension concentrate in the dose 5.0 L/t and Royal FLO, 48% of water and suspension concentrate+Taboo, 50% of suspension concentrate in the dose of 5.0+6.0 L/t and on the 9th day these indices were 77.0% and 76.5% respectively.
Soybean insect pests: A review of Ukrainian and world data
Authors: Lutytska N. V. , Stankevych S. V. , Zabrodina I. V. , Baidyk H. V. , Lezhenina I. P. , Nakonechna Yu. O. , Molchanova O. A. , Melenti V. O. , Golovan L. V. , Klymenko I. V. , Zhukova L. V. , Romanov O. V. , Romanova T. A.
Published: December 2019

Soya – is the main albuminous and oily crop of the world agriculture. It takes an important place in the structure of crops, grain, fodder and food balance. This is a strategic crop in solving the global food problem that is why it is grown on all continents in the main agricultural regions of our planet. In recent years soya has no competitors by the rates of crops growth and production volumes. Though Ukraine takes the first place in Europe by area of soya cultivation, its yield still does not correspond to potential possibilities. One of the factors which limit potential productivity is pests. Soybean protection from them is an important and relevant component for getting stably high yields and raising the quality of seeds simultaneously. Especially effective it has been monitoring in recent years as a result of an increase of sown areas and yield due to implementation of intensive technologies for soya cultivation. However, it should be taken into account that many species of harmful insects damage soya at all stages of ontogenesis, at the same time the loss of yield can make 30–40%. Harmful insect species from the following series have been discovered on soya crops in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine: Orthoptera, Homoptera, Hemiptera, Thysanoptera, Coleoptera and Lepidoptera.
Distribution area of Hyphantria cunea Drury: the analysis of Ukrainian and world data
Authors: Nakonechna Yu. O. , Stankevych S. V. , Zabrodina I. V. , Lezhenina I. P. , Filatov M. O. , Yushchuk D. D. , Lutytska N. V. , Molchanova O. A. , Melenti V. O. , Poliakh V. M. , Buhaiov S. M. , Belay Yu. M. , Martynenko V. I. , Zhukova L. V. , Buzina I. M. , Khainus D. D.
Published: December 2019

Hyphantria cunea Drury is a polyphagous quarantine pest, which is not evolutionarily tied to the territory of Ukraine. We have analyzed data from literary sources on the geographical spreading of Hyphantria cunea Drury, indicated the current area of the pest and noticed factors that influence the acclimatization of a pest. The motherland of Hyphantria cunea Drury is North America; in 1770, an entomologist Druri first described this species. The first indications of the harmfulness of Hyphantria cunea Drury are noted in the USA in 1899 and on the European continent Hyphantria cunea Drury was found near the city of Budapest (Hungary) on the island of Chepel in August 1940. By 1948, the pest had spread throughout Hungary and began to occupy the tree plantations of neighbouring countries, such as the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Yugoslavia, Romania, and Austria. At present, the pest is widespread in Europe, Asia, and North America. In Europe Hyphantria cunea Drury was found in countries such as: Austria, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Greece, Georgia, Italy, Moldova, Germany, Russia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Turkey, Hungary, Ukraine, France, Croatia, and the Czech Republic. In 1945 Hyphantria cunea Drury was found in Japan, in the parks of Tokyo. In 1979 – in China in Liaoning Province and in Southern Korea it was first described in 1958. In 2003, small foci of caterpillars of Hyphantria cunea Drury were found in Wellington (New Zealand). In Russia, the first foci of mass reproduction of Hyphantria cunea Drury were discovered in the forests of Krasnodar Krai in Krasnodar and Abinsk forest enterprises in 1976 on an area of 270 hectares. In Ukraine, the first foci of Hyphantria cunea Drury were found in Transcarpathia in 1952, in June, virtually all over the lowlands of the region. In the Northeastern part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, in Sumy region in particular, Hyphantria cunea Drury was first registered in 2010. In Kharkiv region Hyphantria cunea Drury was discovered at the beginning of 80s of XX century. This article highlights the peculiarities of spreading of Hyphantria cunea Drury and its harmfulness. We have also established the ways of penetration and the current area of pest spreading in Ukraine and in the world. We have carried out the analysis of spreading data of the regulated pest in the territory of Ukraine and in the world, including in the territory of Kharkiv region and the factors, which influence the pest acclimatization have been noted.
Assessment of biological safety: A social and legal aspect
Authors: Volosyanko O. V. , Kurylo V. I. , Kravchuk M. Yu.
Published: December 2019

The article is dealed with problems and prospects of experiments with biological objects directed on change of a natural hereditary basis, which include risks of creation of new unnatural living organisms that can represent biological danger to the humans and environment. We noted that the possibility of uncontrolled creation of highly pathogenic strains of microorganisms, which do not exist in nature, for humans or animals, poses a great threat. We considered that such new pathogenic strains should be dangerous to the environment and will inevitably endanger human and animal life on the planet. There are several quite convincing examples in the world illustrated the danger of invading the genetic program of a living organism, while ignoring the laws of evolution and genetics, focusing only on short-term financial benefits to individuals, companies or financial groups. We established that a key element in preventing the spread of infection from laboratories or other artificial places of consolidation is the strict implementation of standard microbiological requirements. The development of effective measures to prevent and eliminate the consequences of biological attacks, taking into account their various possible scenarios, should be based on biomedical, social, economic and legal criteria. We suggested we need to consider the cost-benefit analysis and other indices characterizing the state of ecology, economy, health, and social relations when implement the measures on biological safety. In Ukraine today there is a priority to develop a legislative position in the field of counteraction to bioterrorism. This issue concerns not only the development and adoption of special laws, but also the implementation of the policy of "efficiency" against biological threats by the relevant state authorities. This also includes the establishment of full state control over enterprises and institutions related to biological agents and toxins, and the improvement of the system of "state-scientist" to control the leakage of professional knowledge outside the country.
Vertical distribution of 137Cs in forest soil after the ground fires
Authors: Davydova I. , Korbut M. , Kreitseva H. , Panasiuk A. , Melnyk V.
Published: December 2019

We studied the influence of forest fires on vertical pattern of 137Cs specific activity concentration in forest soils. Our experiments were organized in Bazar forestry of State Enterprise (SE) “Narodychi Forestry” (Ukraine). We sampled soil in the study sites where grassfires occurred at different times, and determined the specific activity of 137Cs in all soil horizons. We determined that the forest fires and burned forest litter intensify mineralization of forest litter nutrients and increase the radionuclide content in upper layers of soil mineral part. In the following years, the radionuclides gradually move to deeper soil horizons and the difference between the burned and control areas decreases. We determined the depth of soil layer, where the changes in 137Cs specific activity occur caused by the forest fires. The time required for restoration of the original distribution is calculated. The results obtained allow us to identify a group of plants (by the location of the root system) that may have increased levels of contamination in the years following a forest fire and to determine the period when we must conduct additional radiological control of them. We suggested the recommendations on usage of non-timber forest products on the territories contaminated with radionuclides.
Accumulation of zinc and copper compounds and their effect on assimilation system in Trifolium pratense L.
Authors: Denchylia-Sakal H. M. , Gandzyura V. P. , Kolesnyk A. V.
Published: December 2019

The peculiarities of Zn and Cu accumulation by the red clover Trifolium pratense L., condition of the pigment system of the red clover leaves in the presence of environmental pollution caused by these metals are specified in this work. Amount of chlorophyll а+b in the leaves has been evaluated. It has been established that when the accepatable level of HM had been exceeded tenfold, chlorophyll content in comparison with the control decreased by 60 - 80%. An experiment showed that when different concentrations of the studied metals were brought into the soil, chlorophyll content pollution to 1 MAC level was almost identical to or even exceeded the control points. Only when MAC was exceeded five-fold and tenfold, the pigment count level in the cells decreased sharply. When the metal concentration on the soil increased, Trifolium pratense lamina area decreased. It has been established that the maximum level of chlorophyll а+b can be observed during flower-bud formation, and the lowest consolidated figures are reached during flowering.
Ecological and coenotic characteristic of Cyclachaena xanthiifolia (Nutt.) Fresen. in the flora of Ukraine
Authors: Kurdyukova O. N.
Published: December 2019

The flora of Ukraine includes Cyclachaena xanthiifolia adventitious species, which is dangerous for humans and animals. It got out of human control and spread widely throughout the whole territory, but its environmental features have not been studied enough. We found that Cyclachaena xanthiifolia is the eurytopic species in Ukraine, that is, it has wide ecological amplitude. It grows well and develops in wide weather and climatic divides: from semi-ombrophytic climate (1000 mm, Pre-Carpathian, Transcarpathia) to arid one (less than 350 mm, Prysyvashshia) in terms of climate humidity; from hemioceanic climate (Western Ukraine and the Black Sea coast) to subcontinental one (Dry-steppe and South-steppe zones) in terms of climate continentality. Its habitats are confined to flat, lowered, but well-drained and low areas. We did not find it at the altitudes of more than 500 m. This is heliophyte, a short-day plant. According to temperature requirements, it occupies an intermediate position between submesothermal and macrothermal plants that grow well when the amount of heat in April-October is from 1780 to 2620 kcal/cm2 and the sum of effective temperatures is from 2850 to 3750ºC. When it comes to demand on soil moisture, it is predominantly mesophytic plant; with regard to soil solution reaction, it is neutrophilic or subacidophilic plant; with respect to soil fertility, it is eutrophic humifilous eunitrophilic plant on ruderal habitats, and oligotrophic agumyl or sub-agumyl heminitrophilic plant on technogenic ones. The highest frequency of occurrence, abundance and the best morphological plants’ parameters were found on black earth, chestnut, and meadow soils, and the worst plants’ parameters were found on sod-podzol, brown forest, sand, saline and bog soils. In relation to landscapes cultivation, this plant is euhemerobe or polyhemerobe. It grows in the Ambrosio artemisiifolia-Chenopodietum albi, Ambrosio artemisiifolia-Cirsietum setosi, Amaranto retroflexi-Setarietum glaucae, Amaranthetum blitoidi-Echinochloetum grusgalli, Poligono-Chenopodietea communities and others in segetal biotopes. It grows in the Ivaetum xanthiifoliae, Atriplicetum tataricae, Chenopodietum glauco-rubri, Chenopodio-Аtriplicetum hastatae, Ambrosio artemisiifoliae-Xanthietum strumariae communities and others in ruderal biotopes.
Stimulating the increasing of natural soil fertility: economic and environmental aspects
Authors: Yasnolob I. O. , Chayka T. O. , Galych O. A. , Kolodii O. S. , Moroz S. E. , Protsiuk N. Yu. , Lotych I. I.
Published: December 2019

The necessity to increase soil fertility by identifying their critical condition, which is associated with developing erosion processes, increasing acidity and decreasing humus, has been proven in the article. The requirement of introducing crop rotations and their legal regulation in Ukraine has been determined. The practice connected with the questions of supporting soil quality and crop rotations in different countries, members of the EU has been presented. The assessment of modern farming systems (intensive, organic, no-till, strip-till, precise, bio-enzyme, biogenic) taking into account economic, ecological, technological-energy, and social factors aimed at determining their impact on the natural soil fertility has been conducted. The expediency of improving soil quality in terms of its evaluation has been revealed. The necessity of introducing economic incentives or penalties to landowners or land users for agro-ecological condition of farmlands basing on the methods of land money value has been substantiated.
Investigation of biomorphological and decorative characteristics of ornamental species of the genus Lupinus L.
Authors: Didur I. M. , Prokopchuk V. M. , Pantsyreva H. V.
Published: December 2019

In the Podillya area, the most promising for greening different objects is the Lupine perennis L. and Lupine Polyphyllus Lindl. For creation of modern garden compositions of the park zone of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University the most appropriate are the varieties: Lulu-Russell, Minaret, Albus, Fireworks, which were well adapted to the growing conditions, were practically not affected by pests and diseases, were sufficiently resistant to environmental conditions. According to the flowering phase study, it was found that the highest flowering duration was observed in perennial lupine plants. In determining the suitability of the plants studied by us for their use in landscaping, their assessment of the complex of economic and biological indicators in accordance with the State Methodology of Variety Testing was carried out. Their high score on a set of criteria testifies to the prospect and suitability for cultivation in Podillia conditions, as well as the value for different uses: flower beds, ridges, mixboards, landscape type compositions and their smaller variants imitating natural groups.
Study of the Bioecology of Aleurolobus olivinus Silvestri (1911) (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae) on olive Trees in Algeria
Authors: Fethi A. , Abdelmadjid B. , Abderrahim A.
Published: December 2019

Aleurolobus olivinus is an insect of the family Aleyrodidae and the subfamily Aleyrodinae, considered as a secondary pest of olive trees, Olea europea, and has also been reported on Phillyrea angustifolia, P. latifolia and on Erica spp. It consists of a bio-ecological study, in particular of the life cycle that has been carried out on the branches of trees covered with a fine mesh net to avoid possible exchanges of individuals, while for the ecological study, leaf samples have been taken according to cardinal directions and branches 50 cm long according to their age, on 4 varieties of olive tree. The black whitefly generates two generations, one from April to September and the other from October to March. The life cycle lasts 79 to 98 days. Larvae mainly prefer the upper surface of the foliage in the South and Estet are abundant in autumn and winter and the varieties Zaiti (33.3%) and Sorani (27.4%) are the most infested compared to Terella and Khodeiri (21.8%) and (17.4%). It is the twigs of the year that are most attacked. The parasitism rate varies according to the month and season, it is 17% in autumn and 7.6% in winter while the monthly rate is 6% in May and 21.5% in November.
Post-harvest siderates impact on the weed littering of Maize
Authors: Karpenko O. Yu. , Rozhko V. M. , Butenko A. O. , Masyk I. M. , Malynka L. V. , Didur I. M. , Vereshchanin I. V. , Chyrva A. S. , Berdin S. I.
Published: December 2019

The problem of post-harvest winter rapeseed crops usage influencing siderate and green fodder, oil radish impacting siderate and forage, root and post-harvest remains of winter wheat, and also cattle manure (40 t/ha) influencing the weed littering of maize and grain under conditions of grain-cultivated crop rotation has been revealed by PS of NUBiP of Ukraine - Agronomic research station. It has been proved that the cleanest crops of maize on the typical low-humus and light-loamy black soils remained in the variants where its predecessors were oil radish and winter rape on green fertilizer. Compared to control (root and post-harvest remains of winter wheat), weed amount decreased by 54 and 37% accordingly. Oil radish had a sufficient toxic effect on weeds as it was evidenced by their weight which in this variant decreased under shelf cultivation by 72% and under chisel cultivation - by 61%. Higher yield of maize for both chisel and shelf cultivation was forming in variants with oil radish for siderate and green fodder. The yield increase was 0.3-1.0 under shelf cultivation and 0.7-1.2 t/ha under chisel cultivation.
Study of population dynamics of the olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae (Diptera, Tephritidae); (Rossi, 1790) in the Mezghenna area
Authors: Achouche A. , Abbasi F. , Benzahra A. , Djazouli Z.
Published: December 2019

The population dynamics of the Olive Fruit Fly in the Tell Atlas has been studied for two years (May 2017-April 2019) on all phases of olive tree growth. The test was installed on an individual farm in the Mezghenna region. It is part of the ongoing work to assess the damage caused by the diptera Bactrocera oleae. The objective of this study is to collect information on adult flight and to calculate the population index (FTD) . On the other hand, we studied the annual variation of this last. The results of this study show that the olive fruit fly population fluctuates over time and from one period to another in the study area; Overall, we recorded a low density of Bactrocera oleae during the first year of study (less than 0.08 flies / trap / day). In addition, in the second year, we observed 3 population peaks concentrated in autumn and early spring; the high temperatures of summer have a negative effect on the density of the Diptere.
Wild useful herbs of Aktobe Region (Western Kazakhstan)
Authors: Aipeisova S. A. , Utarbayeva N. A. , Kazkeev E. T. , Maui A. A.
Published: December 2019

The article presents the results of long-term studies of useful plants of Aktobe region, located at the junction of Europe and Asia and therefore of special interest in the botanical-geographical aspect. Seven groups of useful plants were identified: forage, medicinal, food, honey, technical, decorative, and poisonous plants. According to our results, 876 species with certain properties are used by humans, accounting for 59.4% of the total number of flora species in the Aktobe region. We revealed that the following groups represent the largest number of species: medicinal plants-593 species (40.2%), forage plants -428 species (29.0%), ornamental plants -253 species of flora of the region or 17.2% of the total number of species, and the smallest group of poisonous plants -114 species. Some species like Agropyron cristatum, Bromopsis inermis, Eremopyrum orientale, Festuca valesiaca, Phleum phleoides, and Poa pratensis, are the most abundant in the Aktobe region. Agropyron cristatum and Secale sylvestre shoud have potential interest for breeding.
The using of morphometric indices in the identification of mosquito larvae of the genus Aedes Meigen, 1818 (Diptera, Culicidae) of fauna of Ukraine
Authors: Levitsky О.I.
Published: December 2019

As a result of the morphometric analysis on the mosquito larval structures of the genus Aedes Meigen, 1818 from our own collections and literature analyses, a wide variation in quantitative and qualitative indices was revealed. The morphological and metric indices of mosquito larvae are quite similar and vary under the influence of environmental factors, which must be taken into account when determining species. The tables for rapid determination of common mosquito species of Ukraine, with the use of external features that do not require the manufacture of permanent slide mounts, are given in the article. All modern keys for identification are based on dichotomous tables. This process is quite long, does not take into account the individual variability and does not allow the quick identification of species. After analyzing the literature and summing up the result, it can be confirmed that 35 species of bloodsucking mosquitoes of the genus Aedes occur within Ukraine, so there is a need to create a new regional key. The purpose of the study is to propose tables for determining the common mosquitoes of the genus Aedes in Ukraine using external morphometric characteristics. The material used for this study was collected by the author in March–October of 2017–2018 at the territory of Volyn Region. Over the entire study period, a total of 185 samples were collected, 1580 species of mosquito larvae of the genus Aedes were analyzed. During the work, 12 morphometric characters of bloodsucking mosquitoes were used and the results were tabulated to determine species of the genus Aedes. The proposed keys for definition are presented in the form of a tables and have certain advantages, such as, the ability not to take into account the characters lost in the process of collecting or storing and to complete the diagnostics on other features, that is quite problematic with the dichotomous keys, since they have a certain algorithms. The proposed tables are based on the using of quantitative and qualitative external characters and do not require the preparation of slide mounts in further work. There is also the possibility of creating an electronic key, which will greatly facilitate the work on the determination of the larvae in the genus Aedes.
The description of a new Bruchophagus species (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae) developing in seeds of Melilotus officinalis (L.) Descr. (Fabaceae) in Iran
Authors: Zerova M.D. , Al-Sendi A. , Fursov V.N. , Adeli-Manesh H. , Sadeghi S.E. , Pirouzi F.
Published: December 2019

The new species, Bruchophagus ayadi sp.n., is reared from seed pods of Melilotus officinalis (L.) Desr. (Fabaceae) in Iran (Lorestan). The new species is close to B. platypterus (Walk.), but differs by roundish abdomen and very gibbous, almost globular (in lateral view) mesosoma. These species can be also differentiated by some biological features. The host plant of B. platypterus is Lotus corniculatus L., whereas the new species is reared from Melilotus officinalis (L.) Desr. Holotype of Bruchophagus ayadi sp.n. is deposited in the collection of I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv).
The first record of Eurytoma сoleopterae Zerova, 1978 (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) as larval parasitoid of weevils and jewel beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Buprestidae) in Turkey and Turkmenistan
Authors: Fursov V.N. , Zerova M.D. , Kodan M.
Published: December 2019

The parasitic chalcid wasp Eurytoma coleopterae Zerova, 1978 (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) is re-described and illustrated. For the first time parasitoid E. coleopterae is reared from the larvae of weevil Metapion sp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), developing in seeds of Ruta sp. (Rutaceae) in Turkey. Also for the first time chalcid wasp E. coleopterae was reared from larvae of jewel beetle Meliboeus cyaneus Kiasw. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), developing in stems of Cousinia polycephala Rupr. (Asteraceae) in Turkmenistan. Re-description of type material, a new data on the distribution, biology, host–parasitoid and host–plant trophical associations are given. Material is deposited at the collection of I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine).
The Beetles (Coleoptera) dangerous for Japanese quail Coturnix japonica Temminck et Schlegel, 1849 (Phasanidae) at farms
Authors: Cherney L.S. , Fesenko H.V. , Prokhorov А.V. , Moroz О.Yu. , Liaskivskiy V.M.
Published: December 2019

Reproduction of the Japanese quail, Coturnix japonica Temminck et Schlegel, 1849, at private farms has led to the formation of a complex of insects harming this species of birds. Darkling beetles Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer, 1796) and A. laevigatus (Fabricius, 1781) (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) are the main pests of Japanese quail. Alphitobius diaperinus had already been recorded causing damage to the poultry industry in Crimea. Its larvae and adults attack chicks in the mass. Significant cannibalism is recorded for A. laevigatus in laboratory conditions. We suppose that complex of harmful insects will be added by species of the genus Ulomoides Blackburn, 1888, namely U. dermestoides (Chevrolat, 1878) imported into Ukraine. Properties of the adopted wreckers, providing their invulnerability in poultry houses, are first shown, namely: mass breeding of A. diaperinus due to feeding on other birds, ability of females of U. dermestoides to oviposit eggs during 1,5 month after the singular copulation, duration of the larval stage up to 96–110 days (usually one month long) due to a cannibalism only. The features of development and behavior of U. dermestoides are shown resembling these of A. diaperinus. The results of studies on the lifecycle’ peculiarities carried out at 2012–2019 under the laboratory conditions are given. The practical role of A. diaperinus, A. laevigatus and U. dermestoides is discussed. The forecast regarding the negative impact of U. dermestoides on the aviculture development in the Southern Ukraine is presented. The data on the poisoning of birds (C. japonica) with beetles of bean weevil Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say, 1831) (Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) are shown. Present contribution is beneficial not only for specialists in fundamental research, but also for practitioners, in particular for personnel of State Veterinary and Plant Health as well as the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service. First worked out and recommended a production trap for a fishing-out in the poultry houses of harmfuls beetles and their larvae at the presence of birds.
Súlyos epilepsziás encephalopathia hátterében azonosított MECP2-gén-mutáció fiúbetegben
Authors: Düh Adrienn , Till Ágnes , Bánfai Zsolt , Hegyi Márta , Melegh Béla , Hadzsiev Kinga
Published: December 2019

Absztrakt:

A szerzők egy negatív családi anamnézisű, súlyos, neonatalis kezdetű epilepsziás
encephalopathiában szenvedő, jelenleg kétéves fiúgyermek esetét mutatják be. A
terápiarezisztens epilepszia és az igen súlyos fejlődésbeli elmaradás
etiológiáját kiterjedt klinikai vizsgálatokkal sem sikerült tisztázni. Genetikai
okot feltételezve, külföldi genetikai laboratóriumban 128 gént tartalmazó
újgenerációs szekvenálási (NGS-) panelvizsgálatot indikáltak epilepsziás
encephalopathiát okozó betegségek irányában. A vizsgálat egy eddig ismeretlen
hemizigóta misszensz mutációt igazolt a MECP2-génben. A szerzők
az esetbemutatás kapcsán áttekintik a lányokban klasszikusan Rett-szindrómát
okozó, a MECP2-gén mutációi által előidézett idegfejlődési
rendellenességek spektrumát fiúkban. Más, X-hez kötött domináns öröklődésű
betegségekhez hasonlóan sokáig úgy gondolták, hogy a
MECP2-gén-mutációt hordozó fiúmagzatok életképtelenek,
napjainkra azonban ez a nézet megváltozott. A szerzők úgy tudják, hogy betegük
az első magyar fiúgyermek, akinél a MECP2-gén mutációja
igazolódott. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(51): 2036–2039.
Otosclerosis. 2. rész. Diagnózis
Authors: Liktor Balázs , Hirschberg Andor , ifj Liktor Bálint , Karosi Tamás
Published: December 2019

Absztrakt:

Az otosclerosis kizárólag az emberi temporalis csontban előforduló
csontanyagcsere-megbetegedés, mely apró, gócszerű csontlaesiókat hoz létre az
oticus kapszulában. A betegség tünetei leginkább a gócok elhelyezkedésétől
függenek. Így, klinikai szempontból, a leginkább releváns a stapestalp
fixációjával járó stapedialis otosclerosis, amely a legtöbbször jelentős fokú
vezetéses hallászavarral jár. Sok esetben már az anamnesztikus adatok
jellegzetességéből, a beteg életkorából és a fizikális vizsgálat semmitmondó
leleteiből következtethetünk a stapesfixáció valószínűségére. Jóllehet
preoperatív diagnózisunkat audiológiai tesztekkel, VEMP-vizsgálattal és
különféle képalkotókkal tovább pontosíthatjuk, 100%-os diagnózist csak a műtét
során eltávolított stapestalpak szövettani verifikálásával nyerhetünk. Orv
Hetil. 2019; 160(51): 2007–2011.
Clinical significance of EGFR mutation subtypes in lung adenocarcinoma : A multi-center Korean study v1
Authors: Yoon Hee-Young , Ryu Jeong-Seon , Su Sim Yun , Kim Dojin , Yong Lee Sung , Choi Juwhan , Park Sojung , Ju Ryu Yon , Hwa Lee Jin , Hyun Chang Jung
Published: December 2019

Background: Adenocarcinoma is the most common type of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Some causative genomicalterations, including deletion of exon (E) 19 and point mutation of E 21, are known to have a favourable prognoses due to sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs); however, the prognoses of other uncommon mutations are unclear. The goal of this study was to analyse the clinical significance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)mutation subtypes in lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 1,020 subjects (mean age: 66.8 years, female: 41.7%) who were diagnosed with advanced (stage III–IV) lung adenocarcinoma, had EGFR mutation data, and did not undergo surgery from five medical institutes between 2010 and 2016. Subjects were classified according to EGFR mutation status, particularly for exon-specific mutations. It was defined to EGFR positivity for the presence of mutation or insertion/deletion and EGFR negativity for wild type EGFR. Results: The median follow-up period was 13.3 months. EGFR positivity was 38.0%, with the incidence of mutations in E 18, 19, 20, and 21 being 3.6%, 51.0%, 3.4%, and 42.0%, respectively. The EGFR positive group survived significantly longer than the negative group (p<0.001), and there was a significant difference in survival among the four EGFR subtypes (p=0.003): univariate and multivariate analysis showed that E 19 deletion was the only significant factor that lowered mortality (HR:0.678, p=0.002), while mutations in E 21 was the poorer prognostic factor that increased mortality (HR:1.365, p=0.015). Amongst EGFR-positive cases, the proportion of E19 deletion in TKI responders was significantly higher than that of non-responders, and the proportion of E21 mutations was significantly lower. Conclusion: In advanced EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma, E 19 deletion predicts a good prognosis, while mutations in E 21 significantly increase mortality. Unlike previous reports, mutations in E 18 and 20 were not worse factors than mutations in E 21 L858R.
Neurological outcome in newborns with congenital heart disease and seizures
Authors: Aberastury Marina , Agosta Guillermo , Puga Celeste , Vaccarezza Maria M , Maxit Clarisa , Silva Walter H
Published: December 2019

Background: Newborns with congenital heart disease have a high risk of seizures, associated to developmental delay, cerebral palsy, and epilepsy.In this study we analyzed the etiology of seizures, electroencephalographic findings and outcome of newborns with congenital heart disease and seizures.Methods: We retrospectively identified 29 newborns with congenital heart disease, who presented with at least one seizure during their admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital Italiano.Results: All newborns had structural/metabolic seizures. Median gestational age was 38 weeks (30-40 weeks, four pre-term) and median birth weight was 3100 g. (range: 1200-4375). Neurological exam was normal in seven neonates (24%), fourteen had only one seizure and four developed status epilepticus.  The EEGs were abnormal in 21 newborns (72%). Ten showed focal paroxysms, ten showed minimal alterations with low amplitude and one had a  burst-suppression pattern.Nine newborns (31%) died, due to hemodynamic decompensation.  They all had an abnormal EEG (p=0.027), an abnormal neurological exam (p: 0.05) and four presented status epilepticus. (p=0.0053).At six months, two more newborns died and two had refractory epilepsy. Of the 18 patients, six had a normal neurological exam. These 6 patients, had had a normal neonatal neurological exam before hospital discharge and four had had only one seizure. Of the six newborns, five had a normal EEG (p= 0.03).Conclusions: In this population we observed a high mortality and an adverse neurological outcome. Abnormal EEG, abnormal neurological exam and status epilepticus were significantly related to mortality.
Low high-density cholesterol in patients with Progressive Encephalopathy with Edema, Hypsarrhythmia, and Optic atrophy (PEHO) syndrome and PEHO-like patients
Authors: Riikonen Raili
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackground: No metabolic cause of Progressive Encephalopathy with edema, Hypsarrhythmia, and Optic atrophy (PEHO) syndrome or PEHO-like patients has been found. The goal of this study was to assess the serum lipid pattern of the patients.Methods: This study included 8 patients with PEHO syndrome (aged 6.3 + 3.28 years) and 10 patients with PEHO-like syndrome (aged 5, 8+ 4.15) years. Serum cholesterol, high-density cholesterol and triglycerides were measured by enzymatic colorimetric tests. Statistical analysis for comparison of serum cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides in PEHO and PEHO-like groups were done using a nonparametric Mann-Whitney two-tailed test.Results: Two PEHO and six PEHO-like patients had subnormal values (reference value > 0.93 mmol/L, Helsinki University Laboratory). The other patients showed serum high-density cholesterol within the lower normal limits. The mean serum high-density cholesterol of all PEHO patients was 0, 97 (SD+ 0,14) mmol/L and PEHO-like patients 0, 85 (SD + 0.19) mmol/L. Total cholesterol and triglycerides were normal or increased in both groups. None of the patients had metabolic syndrome. All patients were extremely hypotonic showing no spontaneous movements.Conclusions: The high prevalence of low high-density cholesterol is a novel finding in these patients with many dysmorphic features. However, it is not known whether it is primary or secondary to the neurodegenerative disease.
Therapeutic decision making in autoimmune and inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system in children
Authors: Dale Russell Clive
Published: December 2019

Autoimmune and inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system can result in significant morbidity and mortality. Through the recognition of syndromes using diagnostic biomarkers, the clinician is now able to use immune suppressive therapies to improve outcomes. However, the therapeutic decision-making process is complex. The clinician has to balance the risk of disease, with the risk of treatment side effects. To achieve this balance, it is important to understand the natural history of disease, the risk of residual disability, the risk of relapse, and risk of a fatal outcome. It is also important to have some understanding of the pathological processes, as some of the entities have more reversible processes, whereas others have destructive processes. This review will assess the dynamic nature of this decision-making process, and compare some of the more severe diseases such as neuromyelitis optica, anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis and opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome, with disorders with more favourable outcomes such as Sydenham chorea and post-infectious cerebellar ataxia.
Pilocytic astrocytoma: a clinical study in a single Brazilian institution.
Authors: Vranjac Sergio , Rosemberg Sergio
Published: December 2019

Purpose: to study the clinical, laboratorial, and therapeutic data of patients with pilocytic astrocytomas, their predictive factors, and to propose a therapeutic strategy. Methods: Retrospective analysis of clinical files of pediatric patients followed between 1984 and 2014 in a single institution. Results: There were 48 patients (22 boys and 26 girls). Age at diagnosis varied from 6 months to 15,2 years (mean: 6,9 years). Mean follow-up was 8,9 years (6 months to 21.5 years).  Twenty-five (52%) were cerebellar, 8(17%) hemispheric, 10(21%) hypothalamic-chiasmatic, and 5 (10%) midbrain. Twenty-eight  tumors were solid-cystic, 9 solid, 4 cystic, and 7 unknown. Total gross resection was achieved in 17 (35%), partial resection in 27 (56%). Two patients had biopsy only and 2 were not operated on. Adjuvant therapy was performed in 17 patients (9 radiotherapy, 7 chemotherapy and 1 both therapies). Recurrence occurred in 14 patients, 8 of which remained stable after reoperation associated or not to adjuvant therapy. Significant predictor factors were gross total resection and lower age at diagnosis. Conclusions: The epidemiological and clinical data of this cohort of patients do not differ from those from distinct geographical regions.  Except the extension of resection and age at diagnosis, all other parameters analyzed failed to show prognostic significance. Albeit biological behavior of residual tumors is unpredictable, most of them remain stable for many years even after a first recurrence. These tumors must be treated cautiously. Chemo and/or radiotherapy should be considered only in those cases with more than one recurrence. Keywords: Pilocytic astrocytoma, pediatric brain tumor, epidemiology, prognostic factors, treatment.
Screen Dependency Disorders: a new challenge for child neurology
Authors: Sigman Aric
Published: December 2019

Children’s neurological development is influenced by what they do and do not experience. Early experiences and the environments in which they occur can alter gene expression and affect long-term neural development. Today, discretionary screen time (DST), often involving multiple devices, is the single main experience and environment of children. Various screen activities are reported to induce structural and functional brain plasticity in adults. However, childhood is a time of significantly greater changes in brain anatomical structure and connectivity. Digital natives exhibit a higher prevalence of screen-related ‘addictive’ behaviours that reflect impaired neurological reward-processing and impulse-control mechanisms. Associations are emerging between screen dependency disorders (SDD) such as Internet Addiction Disorder and specific neurogenetic polymorphisms, abnormal neural tissue and neural function. Although abnormal neural structural and functional characteristics may be a precondition rather than a consequence of addiction, there may also be a bidirectional relationship. As is the case with substance addictions, it is possible that intensive routine exposure to certain screen activities during critical stages of neural development may alter gene expression resulting in structural, synaptic and functional changes in the developing brain leading to SDD, particularly in children with predisposing neurogenetic profiles. There may also be compound/secondary effects on paediatric neural development. Screen dependency disorders, even at subclinical levels, involve high levels of discretionary screen time, inducing greater child sedentary behaviour thereby reducing vital aerobic fitness, which plays an important role in the neurological health of children, particularly in brain structure and function. Child health policy must therefore adhere to the principle of precaution as a prudent approach to protecting child neurological integrity and well-being. This paper explains the basis of current paediatric neurological concerns surrounding SDD and proposes preventive strategies for child neurology and allied professions.
Threats to the child’s brain in resource-poor countries
Authors: Wilmshurst Jo M
Published: December 2019

Children in low and middle income countries are 16 times more likely to die before 5 years of age compared to children in high-income countries. More than 200 million children under five in the developing world do not fulfil their potential, the major reasons appear to be poor nutrition, and limited access to education in the setting of extreme poverty. Three major factors with multiple sub-headings result in threats to the child’s brain. Namely, the background setting the child is born into and grows up in, the acquired influences of the local setting, and the available interventions for the child. The following text is an overview of these key issues and their subheadings, for children residing in low and middle income countries. Whilst many influencers are beyond the control of health practitioners, such as conflicts of war and impact of famine, there are relatively cost effective interventions which can have a massive ripple effect in reducing diseases of high burden such as effective vaccination programs, insectide immerced nets for beds, and effective pigs pens. There is need for viable protocols to be adapted for the local setting, for simple, cost effective diagnostic tools to be developed and for health practitioners to be equipped with the skills to cope with neurological disorders, especially those prevalent in and specific to low and middle income countries.