bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRANSFORMASI SOSIAL PADA UPACARA RAMBU SOLO DIRAPAI DI RANTEPAO TORAJA UTARA
Authors: Rahleda Rahleda
Published: February 2018

This study examines the shift rambu solo dirapai ceremony in conjunction with the social changes that occurred in the Toraja people. This study covers the forms of commodification is happening in the ceremony, interpendensi and social relations, as well as forms of figuration and habitus as a supporting component of a shift in the ceremony rambu solo dirapai. In this paper illustrates that ritual rambu solo dirapai shifting meanings and social values in society, first carried out in order to customary funeral procession of bodies of the nobility, now used as a means to obtain the existence in society and have also been used as a commodity for the benefit of tourism, so the ceremony rambu solo dirapai who had now become profane sacred nature. At the local elite also changes the structure, which was once the relationship is between traditional leaders and communities are now going a new power relationship that is influenced by the government as the new power relations by making ceremony rambu solo dirapai as tourism attraction in Toraja. In the shift between traditional leaders and the government as the new power relations created a balanced power relationship so there is no contradiction in the ceremony rambu solo dirapai as indigenous and as a tourism commodity. Keywords: Ceremony Rambu Solo Dirapai, Social Transformation, Figuration
SOSIALISASI NILAI-NILAI AGAMA DI KALANGAN MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI SOSIOLOGI AGAMA UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA
Authors: Amin Muhammad
Published: February 2018

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk membahas problematika sosialisasi nilai-nilai agama di kalangan mahasiswa, terutama di kalangan mahasiswa Prodi Sosiologi Agama Fakultas Ushuluddin UIN Sunan Kalijaga. Tulisan yang merupakan hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan dalam merancang format sosialisasi nilai-nilai agama yang tepat di kalangan generasi muda untuk mewujudkan nilai-nilai yang lebih baik di kalangan generasi muda Indonesia, mengingat bahwa dalam kehidupan sehari-hari tidak jarang ditemukan kesenjangan yang cukup tajam antara nilai-nilai agama dengan perilaku umat sehari-hari.Sosialisasi nilai-nilai agama di kalangan mahasiswa masih perlu peningkatan. Untuk sosialisasi nilai-nilai agama itu dibutuhkan keteladanan yang baik. Di samping itu, sosialisasi nilai-nilai di kalangan mahasiswa selayaknya melalui kegiatan yang menarik dan interaktif, Untuk menghindari pendidikan nilai yang bersifat indoktrinatif, para mahasiswa  perlu didorong untuk dapat menemukan alasan-alasan yang mendasari keputusan moral yang diambilnya. Kata kunci: sosialisasi, nilai-nilai, mahasiswa
Membangun Spirit Kebangsaan Kaum Muda di Tengah Fenomena Radikalisme
Authors: Supriadi Endang
Published: February 2018

AbstrakThe opening of the texts of political freedom and democratization following the fall of the New Order regime not only provided space for the emergence of various expressions built on primordial sentiments and identities but also paved the way for the expansion of radicalism. Reports by a number of survey institutions indicate that Indonesia is still a fertile ground for the production and reproduction of radical ideologies that allow the continued expansion of the radical organization or network. This threat is exacerbated by high public support for intolerance and violence.This article explores how the spirit of nationality for young people in the midst of the emergence of intolerant attitudes in society, the attitude of monopolizing the truth in religion that led to acts of terror in society. It needs dialogue and reconciliation honestly and openly. The deradicalization program must now be strengthened with elements of society to create a safe and peaceful atmosphere. As a consequence of choice as a democratic country, the principle of proportionality is very important to be put forward, so that there is no majority domination and minority tyranny.Keywords: nationality, young people, radicalism, deradicalism
A.R BASWEDAN DAN PAI: POTRET NASIONALISME WARGA KETURUNAN PERSPEKTIF SOSIOPOLITIK HISTORIS
Authors: Abdullah Nafilah
Published: February 2018

In this article, the authors review about A.R. Baswedan and his movement through the Arab Party of Indonesia (PAI). A.R Baswedan is an Arab descendant known as the pioneer of independence of the Republic of Indonesia. The author through historical socio-political studies found that A.R Baswedan is an example of Arabic descent who counter Arabism and views between the Arab descendants and the descendants of indigenous Indonesians are the same or equal and the same fate. They both have one nationality, Indonesia. This fusion attitude in the Indonesian citizenship and nationality equation is evident in its movement within the PAI.Keywords: A.R. Baswedan, Biography, and Thought (PAI)
Sulcal Polymorphisms of the IFC and ACC Contribute to Inhibitory Control Variability in Children and Adults
Authors: Tissier Cloélia , Linzarini Adriano , Allaire-Duquette Geneviève , Mevel Katell , Poirel Nicolas , Dollfus Sonia , Etard Olivier , Orliac François , Peyrin Carole , Charron Sylvain , Raznahan Armin , Houdé Olivier , Borst Grégoire , Cachia Arnaud
Published: February 2018

Inhibitory control (IC) is a core executive function that enables humans to resist habits, temptations, or distractions. IC efficiency in childhood is a strong predictor of academic and professional success later in life. Based on analysis of the sulcal pattern, a qualitative feature of cortex anatomy determined during fetal life and stable during development, we searched for evidence that interindividual differences in IC partly trace back to prenatal processes. Using anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we analyzed the sulcal pattern of two key regions of the IC neural network, the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the inferior frontal cortex (IFC), which limits the inferior frontal gyrus. We found that the sulcal pattern asymmetry of both the ACC and IFC contributes to IC (Stroop score) in children and adults: participants with asymmetrical ACC or IFC sulcal patterns had better IC efficiency than participants with symmetrical ACC or IFC sulcal patterns. Such additive effects of IFC and ACC sulcal patterns on IC efficiency suggest that distinct early neurodevelopmental mechanisms targeting different brain regions likely contribute to IC efficiency. This view shares some analogies with the “common variant–small effect” model in genetics, which states that frequent genetic polymorphisms have small effects but collectively account for a large portion of the variance. Similarly, each sulcal polymorphism has a small but additive effect: IFC and ACC sulcal patterns, respectively, explained 3% and 14% of the variance of the Stroop interference scores.
Adrenal activity and metabolic risk during randomized escitalopram or placebo treatment in PCOS
Authors: Glintborg Dorte , Altinok Magda Lambaa , Ravn Pernille , Stage Kurt Bjerregaard , Højlund Kurt , Andersen Marianne
Published: February 2018

Background/aims

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with insulin resistance, adrenal hyperactivity and decreased mental health. We aimed to investigate the changes in adrenal activity, metabolic status and mental health in PCOS during treatment with escitalopram or placebo.

Methods

Forty-two overweight premenopausal women with PCOS and no clinical depression were randomized to 12-week SSRI (20 mg escitalopram/day, n = 21) or placebo (n = 21). Patients underwent clinical examination, fasting blood samples, adrenocorticotroph hormone (ACTH) test, 3-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and filled in questionnaires regarding mental health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL): WHO Well-Being Index (WHO-5), Major Depression Inventory (MDI), Short Form 36 (SF-36) and PCOS questionnaire.

Results

Included women were aged 31 (6) years (mean (s.d.)) and had body mass index (BMI) 35.8 (6.5) kg/m2 and waist 102 (12) cm. Escitalopram was associated with increased waist (median (quartiles) change 1 (0; 3) cm), P = 0.005 vs change during placebo and increased cortisol levels (cortisol 0, cortisol 60, peak cortisol and area under the curve for cortisol during ACTH test), all P < 0.05 vs changes during placebo. Escitalopram had no significant effect on measures of insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, fasting lipids, mental health or HRQoL.

Conclusion

Waist circumference and cortisol levels increased during treatment with escitalopram in women with PCOS and no clinical depression, whereas metabolic risk markers, mental health and HRQol were unchanged.
A Genome-Wide Association Study for Host Resistance to Ostreid Herpesvirus in Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas)
Authors: Gutierrez Alejandro P , Bean Tim P , Hooper Chantelle , Stenton Craig A , Sanders Matthew B , Paley Richard K , Rastas Pasi , Bryrom Michaela , Matika Oswald , Houston Ross D
Published: February 2018

Ostreid herpesvirus (OsHV) can cause mass mortality events in Pacific oyster aquaculture. While various factors impact on the severity of outbreaks, it is clear that genetic resistance of the host is an important determinant of mortality levels. This raises the possibility of selective breeding strategies to improve the genetic resistance of farmed oyster stocks, thereby contributing to disease control. Traditional selective breeding can be augmented by use of genetic markers, either via marker-assisted or genomic selection. The aim of the current study was to investigate the genetic architecture of resistance to OsHV in Pacific oyster, to identify genomic regions containing putative resistance genes, and to inform the use of genomics to enhance efforts to breed for resistance. To achieve this, a population of ∼1,000 juvenile oysters were experimentally challenged with a virulent form of OsHV, with samples taken from mortalities and survivors for genotyping and qPCR measurement of viral load. The samples were genotyped using a recently-developed SNP array, and the genotype data were used to reconstruct the pedigree. Using these pedigree and genotype data, the first high density linkage map was constructed for Pacific oyster, containing 20,353 SNPs mapped to the ten pairs of chromosomes. Genetic parameters for resistance to OsHV were estimated, indicating a significant but low heritability for the binary trait of survival and also for viral load measures (h2 0.12 – 0.25). A genome-wide association study highlighted a region of linkage group 6 containing a significant QTL affecting host resistance. These results are an important step toward identification of genes underlying resistance to OsHV in oyster, and a step toward applying genomic data to enhance selective breeding for disease resistance in oyster aquaculture.
Firm Networks and Asset Returns
Authors: Ramirez Correa Carlos
Published: February 2018

This paper argues that changes in the propagation of idiosyncratic shocks along firm networks are important to understanding variations in asset returns. When calibrated to match key features of supplier-customer networks in the United States, an equilibrium model in which investors have recursive preferences and firms are interlinked via enduring relationships generates long-run consumption risks. Additionally, the model matches cross-sectional patterns of portfolio returns sorted by network centrality, a feature unaccounted for by standard asset pricing models.
SUMBER ELEKTRON TIGA ELEKTRODA MENGGUNAKAN TABUNG PEMERCEPAT NEC UNTUK MBE-LATEKS 300kV/20 mA
Authors: Darsono Darsono , Suprapto Suprapto , Taufik Taufik
Published: February 2018

SUMBER ELEKTRON TIGA ELEKTRODA MENGGUNAKAN TABUNG AKSELERATOR NEC UNTUK MBE-LATEKS 300kV/20 mA. Pada makalah ini dilaporkan hasil disain, konstruksi, dan karakterisasi sumber elektron (SE) tiga elektroda untuk mesin berkas elektron (MBE) lateks dengan memanfaatkan tabung pemercepat buatan NEC (National Electric Coorporation) sebagai ruang dan elektroda sumber elektron. Metode yang digunakan dengan mendisain flange untuk menempatkan filamen, katoda Pierce, dan anoda pemfokus yang terisolasi dengan katoda, kemudian flange ini dimuatkan pada tabung pemercepat yang telah dilepas 2 elektrodanya sehingga terbentuk struktur sumber elektron 3 elektroda jenis Pierce. Bentuk lintasan berkas elektron pada tabung pemercepat disimulasi menggunakan program OPERA-3D untuk variasi parameter posisi filamen relatif terhadap ujung lubang katoda Pierce 3; 1,5; -1,5; dan -2,5 mm menggunakan 1 tabung pemercepat. Dilanjutkan simulasi untuk beda tegangan katoda dan anoda pemfokus 5, 10, dan 15 kV menggunakan 2 tabung pemercepat. Selanjutnya dilakukan konstruksi dan karakterisasi profil dan arus berkas elektron keluarannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada posisi filamen -2,5 mm menghasilkan lintasan berkas elektron paling sedikit divergen dan merambat sejajar pada sumbu aksial 2 tabung pemercepat pada beda tegangan katoda dan anoda pemfokus 15 kV.  Profil  berkas elektron sangat ditentukan oleh tegangan anoda pemfokus. Besarnya keluaran arus berkas elektron sangat ditentukan oleh tegangan anoda ekstraksi dengan hasil terbesar 50 mA. SE yang dibuat ini memenuhi spesifikasi yang dibutuhkan untuk MBE lateks.
Rat Lung Fibrosis Orbit detection model v2
Authors: Seger Shanon
Published: February 2018

To ensure reliable quantification of rat lung fibrosis, support vector machine learning was used on digitalized images to design a fully automated method that analyzes two important aspects of lung fibrosis: (i) areas having substantial tissue remodeling with appearance of dense fibrotic masses and (ii) collagen deposition.
Angioleiomioma en el pie. Caso clínico
Authors: Alonso Peña David , Vicente García José , Arnaiz-García Mª Elena , Estefanía Díez Miguel Eugenio , Martínez Nova Alfonso
Published: February 2018

Las tumoraciones de partes blandas de los pies no suelen tener un diagnóstico clínico preciso.El angioleiomioma es un tumor cutáneo benigno que se origina del músculo liso de los vasos sanguíneos, es doloroso y poco frecuente.Se presenta el caso de un paciente con una tumoración subcutánea dolorosa en el pie que tras exéresis y estudio histológico del mismo se diagnostica de angioleiomioma.
Cost variation among anxiolytic drugs
Authors: Shukla Ajay Kumar , Arya Neelesh
Published: February 2018

Background: Indian pharmaceuticals market stands third and thirteenth largest in terms of value and volume in the Global Pharmaceutical Industry respectively. Anxiety disorders are one of the most common mental illnesses affecting more than 15% of the population at some point in their life span. Treatment of anxiety disorders usually follows a long term treatment. Cost of the treatment is an important factor determining the adherence to the treatment.Methods: Data relevant to various brands of anxiolytic drug available in the Indian market particular drug obtained from “Current Index of Medical Specialties” (CIMS) October 2017 - January 2018 was used to calculate the cost ratio and percentage cost variation.Results: There are 16 anxiolytic drugs in the form of 44 different formulations and 384 brands available in the Indian market. Among anxiolytic drugs, highest cost ratio and percent cost variation is for diazepam 5mg, followed by alprazolam 1mg and hydroxyzine 10mg. Highest number of brands of anxiolytic drugs available in Indian market are for clonazepam 0.5mg followed by alprazolam 0.5mg and escitalopram 10mg.Conclusions: In Indian market, there is availability of large number of brands with wide and variable cost variations among the various brands of the anxiolytic drugs.
Prospective study of radiation related adverse events and its management in cancer patient at tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: . Rohit , Joshi Devesh Kumar , Banipal Raja Paramjeet Singh
Published: February 2018

Background: Radiation therapy is associated with certain adverse events which may cause significant discomfort to patient and may affect patient’s life. The objective of the study was to assess radiation related adverse events in the patients who are on radiation therapy and to prevent and manage these adverse events.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 193 patients receiving radiotherapy in Oncology Department at Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot, Punjab. One fraction (2 Gray) dose had been given to patients daily for five days in a week and monitor. The collected data was analyzed by applying IBM SPSS v21.Results: The clinical results observed in 193 consecutive patients with follow-up of 7 weeks and graded according to RTOG Acute Radiation Morbidity Scoring Criteria. Majority of events were reported in age group of 41-60 years followed by 61-80 years, 20-40 years. Epidermal, mucosal, Genitourinary and Lower G.I. reactions are graded. The reactions managed by providing symptomatic treatment.Conclusions: Radiation related adverse events have been found frequently in patients with radiotherapy and chemo-radiotherapy both. As the number of doses increase with time the grade of reactions also increases. Appropriate follow-up and management of these events reduces patient burden of treatment.
Ocular mainifestations in multitransfused thalassemic children on chelation therapy
Authors: J. Sowmya , Rudrappa Sudha , G. Girish , H. N. Yashwanth Raju
Published: February 2018

Background: Beta-thalassemia is the most common form of thalassemias. It is due to mutations involving the beta globin gene. The objective of this study was to study ocular manifestations in multi transfused thalassemic children and to assess the possible ocular side-effects with deferasirox.Methods: This was a prospective correlational study. After obtaining institutional ethical committee clearance, children with beta-thalassemia who came for regular blood transfusions were assigned into group A and group B based on whether they received deferasirox therapy or not. They were sent for detailed ophthalmological examination. The details about number of blood transfusions, serum ferritin and chelation therapy was obtained from the treatment records. The ocular manifestations were documented and later correlated to the blood transfusions, Serum ferritin levels and the chelation therapy. Results: Out of 50 children, 42 children belonged to group A and 8 belonged to group B. The male to female ratio was 2.2:1 in group A and 1:3 in group B respectively. The number of blood transfusions received was 67.7 versus 21.87 in group A and B respectively. The mean frequency of blood transfusions was 5.26 weeks vs 3.8 weeks in group A and group B respectively. Mean serum ferritin was higher in group A (912.19 mcg/l) compared to 665 mcg/l in group B. Out of 50 children7 had ocular findings (p value: 0.176), statistically not significant. All of them belonged to group A. Only 3 of them had lenticular opacities and 4 of them had refractory errors. The mean serum ferritin and the number of blood transfusions received were higher in children with ocular findings than in those with no ocular manifestations. Serum ferritin in those with lenticular opacities was 1363.66 mcg/l and in those with refractory error was 987.25mcg/l. The average blood transfusion received was 104.6 in those with lenticular opacities and 62.25 in those with refractory errors.Conclusions: Regular ocular examinations can aid in preventing, delaying or reducing the ocular complications in transfusion dependent beta-thalassemia major children.
A study of paediatric empyema thoracis presentation in a tertiary care hospital in Visakhapatnam, India
Authors: Prasada Rao M. Surya , Chandra P. Satish
Published: February 2018

Background: Empyema thoracis is an accumulation of pus in the pleural space. The incidence of empyema in children is increasing. Adequate knowledge of treatment modalities is therefore essential for every pediatrician. Pediatric empyema thoracis is a complication of bacterial pneumonia, prevalence of empyema is predominant inspite of advent newer antibiotics still resulting in significant morbidity and mortality which attributes to the poverty, ignorance, illiteracy, and poor compliance to therapy. The objective of this study was to study the age-sex profile, clinical presentation, etiologic agents, management and the overall treatment outcome of empyema thoracis in children.Methods: This was a prospective observational study, conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, King George Hospital, Visakhapatnam, from November 2014 to December 2016. All children in age group of 0 to 12 years diagnosed pyogenic empyema during the study period were included in the present study. In the present study 72 children was found to be having empyema.Results: Majority of patients (58.32%) were seen in age group of 1-5 years. Fever (100%), breathlessness (94.44%), and cough (97.22%) were the commonest presenting features. Bacteriological examination revealed staphylococcus aureus as the commonest etiologic agent (16.66%) isolated from pleural fluid culture. All patients were treated with antibiotics, and drainage of the empyema was affected by closed thoracostomy in (80.55%) of the cases. Conclusion: Empyema is not rare in our practice. Early diagnosis and proper treatment of pneumonia prevent the development of empyema. Antibiotics and tube thoracostomy is an effective method of treating pyogenic empyema thoracis in children in resource poor settings.
A prospective study of pattern of acute poisoning and treatment outcome in paediatric age group in tertiary care hospital of Konaseema region of Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Rao Katada Narayan , Babu Payyavula Suresh , Acharya Anand
Published: February 2018

Background: Konaseema region of Andhra Pradesh is little different from other area as it is the delta of Godavari river with agriculture and aqua main source of income to the people. This area has mainly rural establishment and no study has been conducted on children to know the pattern of acute poisoning and treatment outcome. Present study has been designed with an aim to study of the pattern of acute poisoning and treatment out come in Konaseema region of Andhra Pradesh.Methods: In present study all the children from birth to 16 years of age who has been admitted in emergency department were recruited. Patients with snake bite, scorpion bites, unknown bites, idiosyncratic reaction to prescribed drugs, food poisoning were excluded from this study. Information were obtained from mother of the patients in most of the cases but father or other guardian were also interview if mother was not available. A pre-designed questionnaire was used for collection of data. This contains demography data of the patient, profile of poisoning, symptoms of the patient presenting with and the outcome of the treatment.Results: Insecticide and pesticides poisoning patients were 122 but of that 60 were organophosphorus, 30 were organochlorines, 10 were carbamates, 20 were rat poisoning and two pts were having herbicides and fungicides poisoning. Fourteen patients were having poisoning by house hold things out of then, four having kerosene oil poisoning, 6 patients having turpentine oil poisoning, two patients with phenyl and rest two patients with KMnO4 poisoning.Conclusions: In Konaseema region pesticides, insecticides and rodenticides are used commonly in agricultural fields and easily available that is the reason for its poisoning in paediatric age group, so awareness about the proper handling of pesticides container and use is required to reduce the incidence.
Empedobacter brevis causing early onset sepsis and pneumonia in a neonate: case report and review of literature
Authors: Basani Laxman , Aepala Roja
Published: February 2018

Empedobacter brevis, a gram negative non-motile bacillus that belongs to the family Flavobacteriaceae rarely causes infection in adults and is exceptionally rare in neonates. E. brevis is ubiquitous in the environment, causing nosocomial infections especially in debilitated and immuno-compromised patients with only one case being reported in a neonate. We report a case of early onset sepsis and pneumonia in a term neonate caused by E. brevis that was successfully treated in our unit. Awareness regarding this uncommon pathogen and initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy improves the outcome and prevents mortality. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case of E. brevis sepsis reported in a neonate.
First manifestation of severe haemophilia: acute flaccid paralysis due to spinal cord contusion with subdural hemorrhage
Authors: Narain Nigam P. , Narain Bhupendra , Ahmed Md. Nasim , Das Mampy
Published: February 2018

Hemophilia A and hemophilia B are the most common and serious congenital coagulation factor deficiencies. Intracranial hemorrhages occur in 3-10%. Spinal epidural hematomas are rare. Even with severe hemophilia, only 90% have evidence of increased bleeding by 1 year of age. Only 2% of neonates with hemophilia sustain intracranial hemorrhages. Here we describe a case of a 5-month old boy with positive family history of hemophilia A on his maternal side who was admitted to the hospital because of retention of urine and decreased movement in both lower limbs following history of fall from height (approximately 2 feet high), two days prior to admission. Physical examination showed no skin lesion or hematoma. Neurological examination showed the infant in frog like posture with flaccid paralysis of both lower limbs without loss of sensation. There was associated bladder involvement with a Phantom hernia on the right side of his abdomen. MRI Spine revealed cord contusion in D4-D9 segment with spinal subdural hemorrhage. Coagulation profile was abnormal with a prolonged Activated plasma thromboplastin time. Factor VIII assay revealed a level of 1%. Treatment was conservative, and the infant was given factor VIII replacement. There was remarkable improvement within weeks. Thus, spinal hematomas being rare should still be considered and ruled out for prompt management of cases of suspected hemophilia. This case highlights the importance of a thorough family history which led to the ultimate diagnosis of severe Hemophilia A by coagulation profile and neuroimaging and further confirmed by factor VIII assay.
Sino-orbital Zygomycosis: an atypical presentation of a rare disease in an immunocompetent child
Authors: Kumar A. Pragalatha , Kolli Vinyasa , P. Prem Kumar , G. R. Rajashekar Murthy
Published: February 2018

Zygomycosis is a rare life threatening fungal infection in an immunocompromised child. The clinical manifestations of zygomycosis mainly are rhino cerebral, pulmonary, cutaneous, gastrointestinal, and cardiac disease. The diagnosis of zygomycosis is confirmed by direct examinations of clinical specimens and histopathological examination of tissue. The characteristic feature of Zygomycetes in tissue is, the formation of wide, ribbon-like, hyaline, aseptate or sparsely septated hyphae with wide-angle (approximately 90°) branching. The current report describes a case of sino-orbital zygomycosis in a 16-month-old immunocompetent child with atypical presentation. Histopathological examination (HPE) of the tissue confirmed the diagnosis of Zygomycetes.
Home environmental fungus: the hidden killer
Authors: Shrivastava Bijal M. , Jaiswal Kunal Kumar , Budhreja Siddharth , Tiwari Abhinav
Published: February 2018

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is generally attributed to inhalational organic dust, commonly due to exposure to dust at occupation or hobbies. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis or extrinsic allergic alveolitis is an inflammatory syndrome of lungs resulting from immunologically induced inflammation secondary to various airborne allergens. It is relatively rare in childhood. Knowledge of classical HRCT finding of lungs and use of antigen specific IgG and IgM antibodies (despite the false positive and false negative) analysis can act as supportive evidence for making diagnosis of Hypersensitivity pneumonitis. We report a case of 4 yrs old girl child who despite being symptomatic, remained undiagnosed for 18-24 months, was on bronchodilator therapy suspecting pathophysiology being Hyperreactive airway disease but had recurrent episodes. When her hypoxic condition worsened later on, she was further investigated to rule out other differential, HRCT done was suggestive of childhood interstitial lung disease. The allergens test done for aspergillus species was positive in home environment and in her blood. She responded to steroids therapy and removal of offending agents from home environment. This case shows the importance of home environment in causing life threatening respiratory disease in children. She was diagnosed with Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, rare in childhood.
Acquisition of voice onset time in Hindi speaking children with cochlear implant
Authors: Kishore Y. , Sahu Jaya , Basod Ajay , Obulesu G. , Salma Mahaboob R.
Published: February 2018

Background: The acquisition of voice onset time (VOT) in plosive consonants among hearing-impaired individuals has long been of interest to many researchers especially following the use of a hearing device such as the cochlear implant. The aim of the study was to study acquisition of voice onset time in Hindi speaking children with cochlear implant.

Methods: A total of 15 CI subjects were chosen who were attending the speech and language therapy in Hindi and age matched 15 normal hearing children were selected for the study. Subjects were divided into 3 age groups according to hearing experience.  

Results: The present study investigated the VOT values of voiced and voiceless plosives produced by Hindi-speaking prelingually deafened CI children with duration of CI experience ranged between 4 to 10 years. The results were then compared to a group of NH children with chronological age similar to the hearing experience of the CI children.

Conclusions: A longitudinal study is recommended to continue monitoring the CI children acquisition of the voicing contrast to determine at what hearing age the difference would be insignificant between the CI and NH groups and whether similar developmental trend would continue.
Functional and anatomical results of inside out approach for cholesteatoma surgery
Authors: Chamoli Priyanka , Singh Chandra Veer , Radia Sheetal , Shah Anand K.
Published: February 2018

Background: The objective of the study was to study the efficacy of inside-out approach in completely eradicating the cholesteatoma from middle ear and mastoid, preservation of hearing and quality of life post mastoidectomy with regards to recurrent discharge, wax, granulations.

Methods: Non-randomizedprospective observational study performed at the Department of ENT in Bombay hospital Mumbai. The study involved 40 patients presenting with chronic suppurative otitis media with cholesteatoma. All of them underwent inside out mastoidectomy and were followed up till the end of the study to evaluate the efficacy of inside out mastoidectomy in eradicating the disease from the middle ear cleft, to assess preservation of hearing and to assess cavity problems.  

Results: Of the 40 patients, 39 patients had a total clearance of disease by the inside out approach, and in 1 patient, we were doubtful of the clearance. All patients came for regular follow up and none of them had residual disease at the end of the study period. Thus, the overall success rate was 100% in this study. A significant improvement in the mean air conduction (p<0.01) and the mean air bone gap (p<0.01) postoperatively was seen in all in the postoperative 3rd month PTA. Only one patient had increased conductive hearing loss one and a half years postoperatively after initial improvement. A dry self-cleansing cavity was achieved in 95% of the patients and only 5% required regular cleaning of waxes the cavities.

Conclusions: Inside out mastoidectomy is a better alternative in canal wall down procedures as it not only clears the disease from the middle ear cleft, but also leaves behind a small postoperative cavity, which will preserve the hearing, decrease the cavity problems and increase the quality of life of such patients.
Role of PETCT in the management of untreated advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, oropharynx and hypopharynx
Authors: Dutta Angshuman , Chaithra B. G. , Singh Harkirat
Published: February 2018

Background: Advanced stage cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx and hypopharynx have the worst prognosis owing to higher incidence of regional and distant metastases. PET/CT scan can detect distant metastases and can therefore be done at the initial presentation in advanced stage head and neck cancers to facilitate the chalking out of an appropriate treatment plan.

Methods: The study included 41 patients having stage III & IV of oral cavity, oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cancer. The patients underwent clinical examination, an initial imaging with CT/MRI of the disease site and conventional metastatic workup. An initial TNM staging and treatment plan was formulated. The patients then underwent PET/CT. Tumor restaging was done and the treatment plan was altered if required after the PETCT.  

Results: There was change in management of 4(9%) owing to upstaging of disease following PETCT.

Conclusions: PETCT scan had a significant impact on the staging of disease affecting change in the treatment protocols. 
A randomized control trail on the effectiveness of (Tricyclic antidepressant) Amitriptyline 10 mg bedtime in patients suffering from Meniere’s disease
Authors: Rajamani Santhosh Kumar , Sahu Pritikanta
Published: February 2018

Background: Meniere’s disease is one of the most common causes of chronic recurrent vertigo in general population. Meniere’s disease is closely associated with migraine and migrainous vertigo/ vestibular migraine. Amitriptyline has been classically used in management of Vestibular migraine. This randomized control trail examines the effectiveness of (Tricyclic antidepressant) Amitriptyline 10mg bedtime in patients suffering from Meniere’s disease using a Randomized control trial. This was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, cross over type with a power of 80% at 5% significance level.

Methods: One hundred five patients with definite Meniere’s disease were randomized and assigned to either placebo or trial arm. Trial arm were given Amitriptyline 10 mg bedtime and placebo arm were given a generic Vitamin B-complex tablet. Visual analogue score and standard questionnaires were used to assess the improvements in vertigo, imbalance, dizziness and disease-specific quality of life before and after use of Amitriptyline vs. placebo for period of 10 days each.  

Results: Amitriptyline 10mg at bedtime (10mg H.S), produces significant improvement in the vertigo in patients suffering from Meniere’s disease compared to placebo. Chronic imbalance and hearing levels are not affected by the use of the above drug regime. Daytime sedation and weight gain are the most troublesome adverse effects of Amitriptyline at 10mg per day dose. No other serious adverse effects were observed in this research.

Conclusions: Low dose bedtime Amitriptyline 10mg appears to be safe and produces improvement in vertigo and disease-specific quality of life in Meniere’s disease patients. 
Primary nasal tuberculosis: diagnostic dilemma: a case report with role of GeneXpert
Authors: Singh Mahender , Guleria Trilok C. , Azad Ramesh K. , Mohindroo Narender K.
Published: February 2018

Tuberculosis of the nose is so rare that it has become a forgotten entity among the clinicians. The clinicians fail to diagnose primary nasal TB as symptoms and signs of this specific nasal inflammation mimic other nonspecific nasal inflammatory conditions and therefore, its diagnosis and treatment is often delayed. We came across a case of primary nasal TB in a 65 years old female presented with complaints of nasal obstruction, epistaxis and anosmia since past 3 years. Anterior rhinoscopy showed friable nasal mass in both nasal cavities. Computed tomography scan showed heterogeneously enhancing soft tissue in nasal cavity with destruction of the nasal septum and hard palate. Histopathological examination and GeneXpert confirmed mycobacterium tuberculosis. The patient was put on antituberculous therapy.Nasal endoscopy and tissue biopsy play important role in diagnosis of the disease. GeneXpert test not only has good sensitivity and speciﬁcity for the diagnosis of EPTB but also perfectly ﬁts the requirements of the Indian health care setting.
Posterior dislocation hip with anterior column acetabular fracture: a very rare injury
Authors: Singh Avtar , Vohra Rajeev , Bansal Sudhanshu
Published: February 2018

Posterior dislocation is a common injury but it’s occurrence in association with anterior column fracture is very rare. We report a case of this rare injury pattern. The patient was treated with closed reduction of dislocation followed by open reduction internal fixation of anterior column.

 
The Use of Flashcards in Teaching English for the Sixth Year Students of SDN 1 Tuntang in the academic year of 2002 - 2003
Authors: Insaniyah Insaniyah
Published: February 2018

This research is to study the use of flashcards to teach English vocabulary. Teaching material in above is virtually concerning with visual aids. By using visual aids, expected that the teachers would be able to motivate them to learn and pay deep attention to the presentable materials by the teachers, so the students will not be tedious. This is an experimental research. The subject of the study is limited to the students of the sixth year of SDN 1 Tuntang, which has 27 students as the sample. She focuses on teaching method, which gives emphasis on flashcards as media in teaching vocabulary. To prove the success of teaching the writer compares between the result pre-test and post-test. The findings of this study showed that there are 20 students or 60 % are categorized as excellent, 15, 6 % or 3 students are as good students, 12, 5 % or 3 students are as fair, and 3, 1 % students are as poor. It means that teaching English vocabularies by using flashcards are very effective. Keywords: Teaching English Vocabulary; Flashcards; Visual Aids
Componential Analysis of Meaning of the Word “Melihat” In Javanese and English Language
Authors: Nugraheni Mamik
Published: February 2018

It is a qualitative descriptive study that attempts to depict the componential meaning of the word ‘melihat’ or ‘to see’ in Javanese and English and the element of context that may influence the word choice in both languages. By using documentation as method of data collection, it is found that there are many different words having the same meaning to say ‘melihat’ in both languages while those words means that anyone doing activities of ‘melihat’. In addition, the aspects of intensity, target, distance, and connotative features influence the word choice in either Javanese or English. Keywords: Componential Meaning; Melihat; Javanese; English
Transformational Linguistics and the Implication Towards Second Language Learning
Authors: Khasanah Noor
Published: February 2018

The essence of Chomsky’s approach to language is the claim that there are linguistic universals in domain of syntax. He felt confident to show that syntax can be defined for any given language. For Chomsky, the nature of such mental representations is largely innate, so if a grammatical theory has explanatory adequacy it must be able to explain the various grammatical nuances of the languages of the world as relatively minor variations in the universal pattern of human language. In teaching English as L2, therefore knowing syntax and grammar of the language is important. Transformational Generative Grammar gives adequate elaboration in understanding them. Thus, the learners are expected to be able to avoid such ambiguity in interpreting the deep structure of a sentence since ambiguity will lead other people as the listeners or hearers of the speakers to misinterpret either consciously or unconsciously. Keywords: Surface Structure;   Deep Structure;  Constituent;  Transformation
The Use of Conceptual Metaphor in Gola Gong’s Novel Bila Waktu Bicara
Authors: Risdianto Faizal
Published: February 2018

This study aims at describing conceptual metaphor in Gola Gong’s novel “Bila Waktu Bicara” in the perspective of George Lakoff’s theories of metaphor. This research is a (qualitative) bibliographical research. The object of the study is the use of metaphor in Gola Gong’s novel “Bila Waktu Bicara” and there are 59 metaphorical expressions. Having analyzed the data, the researcher concludes that there are seven most outstanding conceptual mapping on that novel: time is an individual, the world is the hell or paradise, people is a stream of water, seeing is touching, eye ball is a container, body part is a landscape, ambulance is an individual. Among this seven conceptual mappings, the conceptual pattern of time is an individual is the most frequent use and  it shows that there has been an increase of creativity in the creation of socio-religious metaphor of Indonesian young novelist such as Gola Gong. Keywords:Source Domain; Conceptual Metaphor; George Lakoff
Cable TV: Bringing Home Native Speaker to Increase Listening Comprehension of the Students of English Education Department Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University
Authors: Nuraeningsih Rismiyanto
Published: February 2018

This study investigated the use of cable TV to increase listening comprehension of the students of English education department of Muria Kudus University. The aims were to find out: (1) the listening comprehension achievement of the students taught by using cable TV, (2) the students’ response towards the teaching of listening comprehension class by using cable TV, and (3) the students’ difficulties when being involved in the listening class taught by using cable TV are. A classroom action research was conducted with three cycles. The data was collected by using test, observation checklist, & a questionnaire. The subject consisted of 29 students joining Advanced Listening class. The findings show that: (a) The listening comprehension achievement of the students taught by using cable TV in cycle I, II, & III is fair, (b) The students have enthusiasm and seriousness and motivation in joining the class in all cycles, (c) In cycle III the students’ difficulties when being involved in the listening comprehension class taught by using cable TV are more and more decreasing. Keywords: Cable TV, Listening ComprehensionKeywords;Cable TV;  Listening Comprehension
Designing Lesson Plan Based on Critical Thinking for Language Classes
Authors: Norwanto Norwanto
Published: February 2018

Critical thinking includes a process of reasoning in thinking as stated by some scholars. In the process, there is universal standard to follow: clarity, accuracy, precision, relevance, depth, breadth, logic, and fairness. In language classes, critical thinking creates active classes. To bring critical thinking to classes, Bloom’s Taxonomy and critical thinking strategies can be working definition in order critical thinking to be applied to pedagogical materials in a practical way. Steps for critical thinking teaching includes five steps: (1) determining learning objectives, (2) teaching through questioning, (3) practicing before assessing, (4) reviewing, refining, and improving, and (5) providing feedback and assessment of learning. A lesson plan should reflect these five steps.Keywords: Critical Thinking; Language Teaching; Lesson Plan; Bloom’s Taxonomy; Critical Thinking Strategies
English Core Competencies, Basic Competencies, and Assessment for Junior High School in Curriculum 2013; between Facts and Hopes
Authors: Ichnatun Dwi Soenoewati Does
Published: February 2018

This paper focuses on some problems faced by Junior High School English target teachers concerning with the content, formulation, and the order of Core Competencies (known as KI) and Basic Competencies (known as KD) and the assessment in K ‘13 (known as K’13). The material in K ‘13 is regarded as being arranged in balance covering the students attitude, knowledge, and skills competencies stressing on language skills as a means of communication to convey ideas and knowledge. Based on the K ‘13 implementation mentoring, 13 out of 15 teachers (87%) interpret the Core and Basic Competencies differently and most tend to be unclear. This happened due to the formulation, content, and order of the KIs/KDs which were illogical, in contrary to mind mapping, and confusing the target teachers. Moreover, the assessment system, especially attitude assessments are too complicated. These facts make the writer interested to discuss the English KIs/KDs and assessment for Junior High School in K ‘13; between Facts and Hopes.Keywords:  Core Competencies/Basic Competencies and assessment in K ‘13, revision of the formulation, content, order of core competencies and basic competencies, and the simplification of attitude assessment
Administrators' Perceptions of Motives to Offer Online Academic Degree Programs in Universities
Authors: Özcan Hakan , Yıldırım Soner
Published: February 2018

Although the number of online academic degree programs offered by universities in Turkey has become increasingly significant in recent years, the current lack of understanding of administrators’ motives that contribute to initiating these programs suggests there is much to be learned in this field. This study aimed to investigate administrators’ perceptions of motives for offering online academic degree programs in universities in Turkey in terms of online associate degree programs, online master's degree programs, online bachelor's degree completion programs, and online bachelor's degree programs. A qualitative research method was employed for this study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 administrators from different universities’ distance education centers in Turkey and thematic analysis was applied to the data.  The research found that administrators’ motives for offering online academic degree programs mainly involve in answering to the high demand of prospective students. Six major themes were identified with regard to influencing factors for administrators’ motives: demands for programs, mission to support education, readiness of infrastructure, teaching staff as well as applicability of content, overcoming the shortage of classroom space and teachers, obtaining revenue, and gaining prestige.
Comparison of Stochastic and Machine Learning Methods for Multi-Step Ahead Forecasting of Hydrological Processes
Authors: Papacharalampous Georgia , Tyralis Hristos , Koutsoyiannis Demetris
Published: February 2018

Research within the field of hydrology often focuses on comparing stochastic to machine learning (ML) forecasting methods. The comparisons performed are all based on case studies, while an extensive study aiming to provide generalized results on the subject is missing. Herein, we compare 11 stochastic and 9 ML methods regarding their multi-step ahead forecasting properties by conducting 12 large-scale computational experiments based on simulations. Each of these experiments uses 2 000 time series generated by linear stationary stochastic processes. We conduct each simulation experiment twice; the first time using time series of 100 values and the second time using time series of 300 values. Additionally, we conduct a real-world experiment using 405 mean annual river discharge time series of 100 values. We quantify the performance of the methods using 18 metrics. The results indicate that stochastic and ML methods perform equally well.