bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gene Expression based classification for identifying the significant genes in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer samples
Authors: Hiremath Neelambika B , P Dayananda , Latte Mrityunjaya V
Published: July 2022

Lung cancer is the most common and fatal type of cancer. NSCLC refers to any kind of epithelial lung cancer that isn't small cell lung cancer (SCLC), which results for 85 percent of lung cancer cases. Differential gene expression is a type of gene analysis in which the RNA sequence data from next-generation sequencing is shown for any quantitative changes in the experimental data set's levels. Transcriptome analysis focuses on obtaining transcript statistics from a gene transcript file with a fold change of genes on a normalised scale in order to find quantitative differences in gene expression levels between the reference genome and NSCLC samples. The data has a significant clinical influence in terms of identifying and characterising candidate genes in order to validate them. The resultant data set and the plot display depicts the significant candidate genes in the respective location which are significant in expressing their changes in samples of NSCLC. The samples are differentiated with prominent gene labels of NSCLC disease samples. The significant values of this quantized analysis on read count data of expression, data tables prompt the candidate genes data set of NSCLC samples also the results explain the differential expression of particular samples across samples from genders namely male and female. The current research experiment focuses on the computational difficulty of read, search, match, and data enrichment of unstructured data with the goal of classifying biomarkers based on differential expression results and pathways found by classification algorithms.
Defining Jacobian elliptic functions via nonpolynomial differential equations
Authors: Adjaï K. K. D. , Akande J. , Yehossou A. V. R. , Monsia M. D.
Published: July 2022

Contrary to the usual definition, we prove that a variety of definitions can be established for the Jacobi elliptic functions through existence theorems. Examples of illustrations are given using quadratic velocity-dependent differential equations and other types of equations.
Commercial Banks: Traditional Banking Models Vs. Fintechs Solutions
Authors: Melnyk Mykola , Kuchkin Mykyta , Blyznyukov Andriy
Published: July 2022

This research is dedicated to ambitions of commercial banks in a form of a comparison of existing traditional banking models Versus FinTech solutions. Examples presented in the study are based on global market and forecasts are based on McKinsey and CB Insights reports. The hypothesis of this research imposed and suggested there are neither traditional model of commercial banks will remain at the constant, instead due to the mutual gain of the symbiosis the symbiosis commercial banks and FinTechs will respond to incentives. Research questions were: i) what are the ambitions of commercial banks in generating profits and how do they change in line with growth of the market of FinTechs? ii) to which extent traditional banking models and FinTechs solutions can be compared by assessed form the perspective of operations?; iii) which scenario out of tradition banking models, FinTechs only and a symbiosis between both is most likely to progress in the closest decade? Findings demonstrate that commercial banks’ financial ambitions continue to transform in line with product diversification they propose, commercial banks transform in their products and pricing will keep in balance between remaining competitive and profitable. The most realistic scenario in the future of commercial banks and FinTech solutions is the in-depth symbiosis.
The Impact of the 2008-2009 Global Crisis on Manufacturing Firms’ Fixed Asset Purchases: The Case of Eastern Europe and Central Asia
Authors: Kaya Halil D. , Engkuchik Engku N.
Published: July 2022

We examine the impact of the 2008-2009 Crisis on two dimensions of manufacturing firms in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, i.e., receivables collection (whether the customers pay after the delivery rather than before or on the date of delivery) and financing of manufacturing firms’ fixed asset purchases (what type of financing they used before and after the 2008-2009 Crisis). We use the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS), i.e., BEEPS IV and BEEPS V data to represent the pre-Crisis and post-Crisis periods respectively. Our analysis indicates that the percentage of purchases paid by the customers of the manufacturing firms significantly decline from the pre-Crisis to the post-Crisis period. This finding suggests that manufacturing firms tighten their payment policies and are not as lenient with their customers post-Crisis. In addition, we find that the percentage of manufacturing firms’ fixed asset purchases paid for by internal financing significantly increases, whereas the percentage of fixed asset purchases paid for by owner’s contribution and supplier credit significantly decline post-Crisis. These findings suggest that as a result of the 2008-2009 Crisis, manufacturing firms in these countries seem to rely more on internal funding which may be due to tighter availability of external sources or drainage of shareholders funds (not enough cash) post-Crisis.
The Effect of Credit Committee Characteristics on Bank Asset Quality in Nigeria
Authors: Karaye Abubakar Ibrahim , Ahmad-Zaluki Nurwati A. , Badru Bazeet Olayemi
Published: July 2022

This study aims to evaluate the effect of credit committee characteristics on bank asset quality in Nigeria. The paper examines the credit committee characteristics namely: credit committee independence, credit committee non-executive directors, credit committee size, credit committee meetings, credit committee gender, credit committee expertise, credit committee chair-gender, credit committee chair-independence and chief executive officer in credit committee, and their influence on non-performing loans. Descriptive research design is used on a sample consisting of 18 commercial banks in Nigeria. Secondary data is obtained from the published annual reports covering thirteen (13) years period (2006-2018). Data analysis involved Correlation Coefficient, Multiple Regression Analysis and Dynamic Panel Model estimations using Generalize Method of Moments. The study finds that credit committee independence and credit committee size have a significant negative relation while credit committee gender, credit committee meetings, credit committee chair-independence, and presence of chief executive officer in credit committee have a significant positive relation with non-performing loans. The study therefore recommends that, policymakers and bank executives in Nigeria should concentrate their efforts on the characteristics of credit committee as a whole, rather than on a few elements that have been scientifically demonstrated to have an impact on bank asset quality. This may likely enhance the quality of bank assets.
A co-morbid patient of a phthisiologist, pulmonologist and cardiologist: focus on quality of life
Authors: Moiseeva M. V. , Mordyk A. V. , Bagisheva N. V. , Viktorova I. A. , Rudenko S. A. , Sitnikova S. V.
Published: July 2022

The objective: to assess the impact of tuberculosis (TB), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic heart failure (CHF) on the quality of life (QOL) and the need to manage each disease to improve the physical and mental components of QOL.

Subjects and Methods. A simple prospective study included 80 patients, men – 53.9%, women – 46.1% who were divided into 3 groups: Group 1 – COPD (n = 35), median age [Me (25.0; 75.0 )] 56.0 (54.0; 60.0) years old, Group 2 – COPD + TB (n = 25), 58.0 (56.0; 59.0) years old, Group 3 – COPD + TB + CHF with preserved ejection fraction (n = 20), 60.0 (57.0; 64.0) years old. QOL was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire. There were no statistically signifcant diﬀerences between the compared groups in terms of COPD severity and TB forms.

Results. Low QOL indices were observed in TB + COPD + CHF Group assessed by all scores especially for physical (30 points) and social functioning (35 points) and general health (35 points). After 3 months of therapy aimed to manage all pathological conditions, a positive trend in QOL was achieved in TB + COPD + CHF Group in terms of physical and mental health scores.

Conclusion. QOL in co-morbid patients is determined not only by the quality and severity of individual nosologies but also by their number. Comprehensive therapy improves the general subjective state of the patient that helps to improve adherence to drug therapy thereby increasing the chance of recovery.
Tuberculosis meningitis in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients
Authors: Myakisheva T. V. , Lapshina I. S.
Published: July 2022

The objective: to study the epidemiological rates of tuberculous meningitis (TM) in Smolensk and Kaluga Oblasts in 2015-2020.

Subjects and Methods. 51 medical fles (Form no. 003-u) of patients with TM were analyzed, those patients were treated in in-patient settings in Smolensk and Kaluga Oblasts over a 6-year period (2015-2020).

Results. The proportion of TM signifcantly correlates with the prevalence of HIV in 2 Oblasts (r = 0.953, p = 0.140 and r = 0.978, p = 0.095, respectively), which allows stating that HIV is the main risk factor for the development of TM. Tuberculous meningitis is more common in men (70.6%) of working age (94.1%), unemployed (60.8%), in combination with pulmonary tuberculosis (64.7%). Late diagnosis of TM is registered in ⅔ of cases; patients fail to undergo the mandatory minimum diagnostic examination. Among patients with HIV infection, TM more often develops in men (90%) of working age (100%), who do not have a regular job (80%), against the background of risk factors (drug addiction, hepatitis C, experience of incarceration), duration of HIV infection up to 10 years and recurrence of tuberculosis. Among HIV positive patients, a severe state, generalized forms of tuberculosis, including lung lesions with scanty bacterial discharge in sputum are registered in 100% of cases.
Social and demographic factors contributing to the spread of multiple drug resistant tuberculosis in the Russian Federation: a systematic review
Authors: Bykov I. A.
Published: July 2022

The objective: to identify and systematize social and demographic risk factors for the development and spread of multiple drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) in the Russian Federation (RF) by means of a systematic review of existing publications.

Subjects and Methods. A systematic literature review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA criteria and included studies conducted in the Russian Federation from 2011 to 2021. Out of 2,861 publications, 26 studies were selected and analyzed.

Results. According to the reviewed studies, patients with a history of incarceration, low income, unemployed, homeless, and patients suﬀering from alcohol and nicotine addiction are more susceptible to MDR TB. It was also found that MDR TB most often aﬀected people of working age with a clear trend towards a younger cohort. The inﬂuence of such factors as gender and location on MDR TB risk is not clear due to conﬂicting data and comparative strength of evidence in publications.
LUXE: A new experiment to study non-perturbative QED in $e^{-}$-laser and $γ$-laser collisions
Authors: Jacobs Ruth
Published: July 2022

The LUXE experiment (Laser Und XFEL Experiment) is a new experiment in planning at DESY Hamburg using the electron beam of the European XFEL. LUXE is intended to study collisions between a high-intensity optical laser and up to 16.5 GeV electrons from the Eu.XFEL electron beam, or, alternatively, high-energy secondary photons. The physics objective of LUXE are processes of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) at the strong-field frontier, where QED is non-perturbative. This manifests itself in the creation of physical electron-positron pairs from the QED vacuum. LUXE intends to measure the positron production rate in a new physics regime at an unprecedented laser intensity. Parasitically, the high-intensity Compton photon beam of LUXE can be used to search for physics beyond the Standard Model.
Longitudinal double helicity asymmetry $A_{LL}$ from direct photon, jet and charged pion production in polarized $\vec{p}+\vec{p}$ collisions
Authors: Ji Zhongling
Published: July 2022

Understanding the proton spin composition from the quarks and gluons
spin polarization and their motion is important to test various kinds of
sum rules and nonperturbative properties of hadrons. At the Relativistic
Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), we collide longitudinally polarized proton
beams and measure the double helicity asymmetry
A_{LL}ALL,
which is an important physical quantity for extracting the polarized
parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the proton. Direct photon, jet
and charged pion production are good channels to probe the gluon spin
polarization inside the proton, with the ability to probe also the sign
of the gluon spin. Direct photon production is the theoretically
``cleanest’’ channel, with little fragmentation contribution, but
limited by statistics. On the other hand, jet and charged pion
production have more statistics, but include more hard processes and
hadronization effects. I will present the recent measurements of direct
photon, jet and charged pion A_{LL}ALLs
at PHENIX and show their complementary roles in extracting the gluon
spin.
Searches for invisible scalar decays at CLIC
Authors: Mekala Krzysztof , Zarnecki Aleksander Filip , Grzadkowski Bohdan , Iglicki Michal
Published: July 2022

The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is a proposed TeV-scale
high-luminosity electron-positron collider at CERN.
The first CLIC running stage, at 380 GeV, will focus on precision Higgs boson
and top quark studies while the main aim of the subsequent high-energy stages, at
1.5 TeV and 3 TeV, is to extend the sensitivity of CLIC to different Beyond
the Standard Model (BSM) scenarios.

We studied the prospects for measuring invisible Higgs boson and
additional heavy scalar decays using CLIC data at
380 GeV and 1.5 TeV. The analysis is based on the Whizard event
generator, with fast simulation of the CLIC detector response parametrised by the Delphes package.
We present the expected limits for the invisible decays of the 125 GeV
Higgs boson, the cross section limits for production of an
additional neutral Higgs scalar, assuming its invisible decays, and
limits on the mixing angle between the SM-like Higgs boson and the new
scalar of the "dark sector" in the framework of the vector-fermion
dark matter model.
Production mechanisms of open heavy flavor mesons in high-multiplicity events
Authors: Siddikov Marat , Schmidt Ivan
Published: July 2022

In this proceeding we discuss different mechanisms of open-heavy
flavor meson production which contribute to inclusive and single
diffractive cross-sections. For the case of inclusive production we
demonstrate that the three-Pomeron fusion is significant for the
DD-meson
production in the kinematics of small transverse momenta
p_{T}pT,
as well as in large-multiplicity events. Its inclusion allows to improve
significantly the description of experimental data. We also analyzed the
diffractive production and found that due to gap survival factors it
constitutes 0.5 percent of the inclusive production. The expected
dependence on event multiplicity in this channel is significantly milder
than for inclusive case.
PDF4LHC21: Update on the benchmarking of the CT, MSHT and NNPDF global PDF fits
Authors: Cridge Thomas
Published: July 2022

There have been recent updates to the three global PDF fits (CT, MSHT and NNPDF), all adding large amounts of data from the LHC, and this has resulted in significant changes to the global PDFs. Given the impact that the new PDFs will have on physics comparisons at the LHC, it is crucial to perform a benchmarking among the PDFs, similar in spirit to that which was carried out for PDF4LHC15, widely used for LHC physics. In this article we detail a benchmarking comparison of three global PDF sets - CT18, MSHT20 and NNPDF3.1 - and their similarities and differences that have been observed. The end result of this study will be a new PDF4LHC21 ensemble of combined PDFs suitable for a wide range of LHC applications.
Three-loop soft anomalous dimensions for top-quark processes
Authors: Kidonakis Nikolaos
Published: July 2022

I present results for soft anomalous dimensions through three loops
for several processes involving the production of top quarks. In
particular, I discuss single-top and top-pair production. I also present
some numerical results for double-differential distributions in
t{\bar t}tt‾
production through approximate N^33LO.
Understanding the proton mass in QCD
Authors: Metz Andreas , Pasquini Barbara , Rodini Simone
Published: July 2022

Understanding the proton mass in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is a very important and current topic in hadronic physics.
The decomposition (sum rule) of the proton mass is not unique, and different sum rules, which are related to the QCD energy-momentum tensor, can be found in the literature.
We review and compare these sum rules and identify open questions in this field.
Latest ALICE results on J/$ψ$ photoproduction in ultra-peripheral collisions at the LHC
Authors: Herman Tomas
Published: July 2022

Ultra-peripheral collisions (UPCs), studied using the ALICE detector,
allow us to investigate the low-\mathbf{x}𝐱
behavior of the gluon distribution of the colliding particles.

Two new measurements of coherent J/\mathbf{\psi}𝛙
photoproduction cross section from Pb–Pb UPCs at
\mathbf{\sqrt{s_{NN}}}=5.02𝐬𝐍𝐍=5.02
TeV are presented: the first measurement of the
\mathbf{|t|}|𝐭|-dependence
of the cross section providing a new tool to investigate the transverse
gluonic structure at low Bjorken-\mathbf{x}𝐱
and a rapidity-differential measurement at midrapidity allowing us to
provide stringent constraints on nuclear gluon shadowing and saturation
models.

In addition, prospects for heavy vector meson photoproduction
measurements in LHC Run 3 and 4 are presented.
WG2 Summary: Small-x, Diffraction and Vector Mesons
Authors: Altinoluk Tolga , Luszczak Marta , Tapia Takaki Daniel
Published: July 2022

Here we briefly summarize the contributions to Working Group 2: Small-x, Diffraction and Vector Mesons, at the DIS2021 Workshop.
Proton gravitational form factors in a light-front quark-diquark model
Authors: Chakrabarti Dipankar , Mondal Chandan , Mukherjee Asmita , Nair Sreeraj , Zhao Xingbo
Published: July 2022

We present a recent calculation of the gravitational form factors
(GFFs) of proton using the light-front quark-diquark model constructed
by the soft-wall AdS/QCD[1]. The four GFFs
~A(Q^2)A(Q2)
, B(Q^2)B(Q2)
, C(Q^2)C(Q2)
and \bar{C}(Q^2)C‾(Q2)
are calculated in this model. We also show the pressure and shear
distributions of quarks inside the proton. The GFFs,
A(Q^2)A(Q2)
and B(Q^2)B(Q2)
are found to be consistent with the lattice QCD, while the qualitative
behavior of the DD-term
form factor is in agreement with the extracted data from the deeply
virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) experiments at JLab, the lattice QCD,
and the predictions of different phenomenological models.
Prospects for Higgs and di-Higgs measurements at the ATLAS experiment
Authors: Betti Alessandra
Published: July 2022

The large dataset of about 3000 {fb}^{-1}fb−1
that will be collected at the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) will be used
to measure Higgs boson processes in detail. This large dataset will also
provide sensitivity to di-Higgs processes and will allow for the
improvement of the constraints on the Higgs boson self coupling. Studies
based on current ATLAS analyses using LHC Run 2 data have been carried
out to understand the expected precision and limitations of the Higgs
and di-Higgs measurements at the HL-LHC. This paper presents the ATLAS
prospects for Higgs and di-Higgs results at the HL-LHC.
Central exclusive production of $\eta_c$ and $\chi_{c0}$ in the light-front k$_{\perp}-factorization approach
Authors: Babiarz Izabela , Pasechnik Roman , Schäfer Wolfgang , Szczurek Antoni
Published: July 2022

We study the exclusive production of J^{PC} = 0^{++},0^{-+}JPC=0++,0−+
charmonium states in proton-proton collisions at the LHC energies. The
pp \to pp\eta_cpp→ppηc
reaction is discussed for the first time. We observe a substantial
contribution from the nonperturbative domain of gluon virtualities,
especially for \eta_cηc
production. To model the nonperturbative region better, we utilize
models of the unintegrated gluon distribution based on parametrizations
of the color dipole cross-section.
Longitudinal and Transverse Spin Transfer of $Λ$ and $\overlineΛ$ Hyperons in Polarized $p$+$p$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 200$ GeV at RHIC-STAR
Authors: Xu Yike
Published: July 2022

Measurements of the longitudinal spin transfer,
D_{LL}DLL,
and the transverse spin transfer, D_{TT}DTT,
of the \Lambda(\bar{\Lambda}Λ(Λ‾)
hyperon in polarized pp+pp
collisions are expected to be sensitive to the helicity distribution and
transversity distribution of the s(\bar{s})s(s‾)
quark in proton and the corresponding polarized fragmentation functions.
This contribution presents the new preliminary results of the
\Lambda(\bar{\Lambda}Λ(Λ‾)
D_{LL}DLL
and D_{TT}DTT
using data collected at RHIC-STAR experiment in 2015, with twice larger
statistics than previously published results.
Using coherent dipion photoproduction to image gold nuclei
Authors: Klein Spencer
Published: July 2022

Vector meson photoproduction offers the opportunity to image target
nuclei. The two-dimensional Fourier transform
d\sigma_{coherent}/dtdσcoherent/dt
of coherent vector meson photoproduction gives the two-dimensional
distribution of interaction sites in the target. Since vector meson
photoproduction occurs, at lowest order, via two-gluon exchange, this is
sensitive to gluon shadowing. We present an analysis of
\pi^+\pi^-π+π−
photoproduction using data from the STAR detector and a study of
d\sigma_{coherent}/dtdσcoherent/dt,
with an emphasis on probing the nuclear shape and its systematic
uncertainties.
High-energy logarithmic corrections to the QCD component of same-sign W-pair production
Authors: Andersen Jeppe , Ducloué Bertrand , Elrick Conor , Maier Andreas , Nail Graeme , Smillie Jenni
Published: July 2022

We describe the calculation of the QCD contribution to same-sign
WW-pair
production, pp\to e^\pm \nu_e \mu^\pm \nu_\mu jjpp→e±νeμ±νμjj,
resumming all contributions scaling as \alpha_W^4 \alpha_s^{2+k}\log^k(\hat s/p_\perp^2)αW4αs2+klogk(ŝ/p⊥2)~.
These leading logarithmic contributions are enhanced by typical cuts
used for Vector Boson Scattering (VBS) studies. We show that while the
cross sections are little affected by these corrections, other more
exclusive observables relevant for experimental studies are affected
more significantly.
$\Lambda$ Polarizing Fragmentation Function from Belle $e^+ e^-$ data
Authors: D'Alesio Umberto , Murgia Francesco , Zaccheddu Marco
Published: July 2022

Experimental data from Belle Collaboration for the transverse
polarization of \LambdaΛ’s
measured in e^+ e^-e+e−
annihilation processes are used to extract the polarizing fragmentation
function (FF) within a TMD approach. We consider both associated and
inclusive \LambdaΛ
production, showing a quite consistent scenario. Good separation in
flavor is obtained, leading to four independent FFs. Predictions for
SIDIS processes at the EIC, crucial for understanding their universality
and evolution properties, are also presented.
THE PREHENSIVE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN STUDENTS WHO ARE DEPRESSED AND THOSE WHO ARE NOT. A STUDY OF TEENAGER FROM AGE 15-19 YEARS OLD IN VARIOUS SCHOOL
Authors:   Department of Science and Mathematics, Rajinibon School, Bangkok, Thailand., Pakkaporn Nene , Yanisa Peem ,   Department of Science and Mathematics, Benchamatheputhit Phetchaburi School, Phetchaburi, Thailand.
Published: July 2022

Background: Depression (major depressive disorder ) is a common and serious medical illness that causes feelings of sadness and/or a loss of interest in activities. In todays world Most people are aware of the existence of depression. and pay attention to it But there are still some people who still dont understand depression. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate peoples understanding of depression and the difference in people with depression and non-depressive disorders. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using a questionnaire. A total of 101 respondents participated. Depression-related knowledge, Medication, Related Conditions, and A experienced consultation with a psychiatrist. (another method). Results: most respondents, one hundred and one people from many schools are interested, and they help us to inform the information. We separate two types of people. The first is the depressed person who has an official certificate from their doctors. There are 12 students. However, there are 89 children who do not have an official depression. What is more, a few of them may have other symptoms, such as stress or mental health problems. Conclusion: Our hypothesis is correct. People who have the disease has more knowledgeable than normal people because they educate about their symptoms. We can know that lots of people misunderstand some of the correct clues. There are many sources of depression illness where we can find out, but now there is some error information that appears everywhere. To illustrate, there are also many factors that can be hazardous to us. Therefore, we should help each other not let them have bad mental health. Lastly, there is a lack of psychiatrist and our society usually blame those who go to see the psychiatrist. They do not accept so this is a big challenge to change the mindset of our community.
PHYTOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ACACIA NILOTICA (L.) WILLD.EX DEL. EXTRACTS
Authors:   Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Natural Substances, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques (FST), University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), BP: 3206, Bamako, Mali., Bintou Dembele , Fatoumata Tounkara ,   Laboratory of Plant, Food Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques (FST), University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), BP: 3206, Bamako, Mali., Nah Traore ,   Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Natural Substances, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques (FST), University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), BP: 3206, Bamako, Mali., Amadou Dicko ,   University of LORRAINE METZ, Chemistry and Environment Laboratory, France.
Published: July 2022

The aim of this research was to investigate the phytochemical composition and the antioxidant activity of the Acacia nilotica extracts. The samples (fruits and trunk bark of Acacia nilotica L.) were collected in Kayes (Mali). The phenolic compounds of the different plant extracts were assayed by spectrophotometry and identified by HPLC. The antioxidant efficacy of the extracts was evaluated by using 2, 2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiaz oline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)radicals scavenging capacities. The obtained results revealed that all the extracts are rich on polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins and anthocyanins. The contents of total polyphenols varied from 147 to 215 mg EAG/100 g, of total flavonoids from 1123 to 3037 mg EC /100 g, of total tannins from 67 to 289 mg EC/100 g and of total anthocyanins from 57 to 144 mg ECG / 100g of dry matter (DM). The highest values of those compounds â€‹â€‹were recorded in fruit extracts with respectively 215 mg EGA, 3037 mg EC, 289 mg EC and 144 mg ECG/100g (MD).HPLC analysis of fruit extracts revealed the presence of a flavonoid, named rutin, and four phenolic compounds, gallic, protocatechuic, chlorogenic and caffeic acids, which are recognized as bioactive compounds. All of our studied extracts displayed highest ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging capacities. The values â€‹â€‹varied from 72 to 350 mg EVC/100g (DM). The antioxidant activities of extracts were significantly correlated to their high contents of total phenolic and total flavonoids compounds. These justify the medicinal properties of the plant.
COMPARISON OF COPLANAR AND NON- COPLANARVMAT FOR BRAIN CANCER BY USING THE DOSIMETRICAL AND RADIOBIOLOGICAL INDICES
Authors:   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt., B.M. Hijazi Wessal , El-Sayed Amin Amin ,   Radiation Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt., Metwally El-Sayed Somaia ,   Radiation Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt., Mahmoud El-Sayed El-Sayed ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Published: July 2022

Background: Recent techniques of radiotherapy such as volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) that delivered in Coplanar technique or non-coplanar technique allows to deliver high doses to the brain tumors, at the same time reducing the risk of normal tissues as compared with intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and the three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT). Aim: The aim of the current work is to compare dosimetrical and radiobiological indices of treatment plans for brain tumor using CO-VMAT and NC-VMAT techniques to choose the optimum technique for the treated cases. Patients and methods: Twenty-one cases with brain tumors were performed for the treatment planning study. The cases are planned by using the coplanar and non coplanar VMAT techniques and optimized to evaluate and compare dosimetrical and radiobiological parameters related to PTV dose coverage and sparing of organs at risk. The total dose of CO-VMAT and NC-VMAT plans is 60 Gray in 30 fractions during a single phase with a daily dose of 2 Gray. Results: In dosimetrical calculations, CO-VMAT and NC-VMAT techniques gave similar (homogeneity index HI, modified homogeneity index MHI, conformity index CI and quality factor QF) values for the PTV, while CO-VMAT was the higher in (target coverage index TCI, prescription isodose to target volume ratio PITV and conformity number CN) values and the lower in (gradient index GI, gradient measure GM) values, and NC-VMAT was the lower in Monitor units MUs values. In radiobiological calculations, equivalent uniform dose EUD values, tumor control probability TCP and complication free tumor control probability P+ were large in CO-VMAT and normal tissue complication probability NTCP was less in NC-VMAT. Conclusion: While the previous studies showed that CO-VMAT technique was used when the tumor is far from the organs at risk, the present work found CO-VMAT can be used when the tumor is near to or far from organs at risk (OARs) because it can achieve the target dose coverage and sparing of OARs together. We strongly recommend that NC-VMAT technique should be used when the OARs are located inside the tumor to be able to achieve more sparing of them.
EFFECTS OF FOREST FIRE ON FOREST ECOSYSTEM, BIODIVERSITY AND LOSS OF PLANT AND ANIMAL SPECIES
Authors:   Patkar Varde College., Tawade Shailesh , R. Choudhary Rinku ,   University of Mumbai., Santosh Chavan Vaishnavi ,   Patkar Varde College.
Published: July 2022

Forests fires though considered a natural disaster by many it is a result of combined natural and anthropogenic causes. Loss of habitat due to forest fire is the greatest threat to biodiversity. Frequent forest fires in the forests around the globe have been blamed for forest deterioration. It is true thatfrequent fires on large scales cause air pollution, affect quality of stream water, threaten biodiversity and spoil the aesthetics of an area, but fire plays an important role in forest ecosystem dynamics. In this paper effects of fire on various forest elements, biodiversity and its threat to flora and fauna of a forest area is analyzed and reviewed with the help of existing publications and research papers.
PERCENTAGE OF COMPOUNDS CONSTITUTING THE TARFAYAS OIL SHALE (MOROCCO) REACTING TO ACID ATTACK (HCL)
Authors:   Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences Ben msik Casablanca University Hassan II Morocco., Mokhlis Hafida , Attaoui Abdeljabbar ,   Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences Ben msik Casablanca University Hassan II Morocco.
Published: July 2022

The mastery of a number of chemical reactions can give us information on the constitution of compounds in the solid state. As an example, acid etching (HCl) is used for oil shale to separate the organic matrix by destroying the mineral matrix. (The use of the soxhlet). Similarly, by ashing at low temperatures (LTH) in combustion of the organic material, the mineral matrix can be kept to a minimum (A.Attaoui et al: 2022).Another way of using acid etching (HCl) at given concentrations can be carried out for oil shale in order to give the composition of the majority constituents of the latter, namely organic matter and carbonates (calcite and dolomite discerned). The objective of this study, which is carried out in a back-assay mode using the Tacussel pH meter, is to establish a table of compositions in mass percentages of the different constituents reacting to the acid attack of oil shale from the first three layers of the Tarfaya deposit (Morocco), which are Z0, Z1 and Z2.Calcite CaCO3 is taken as a control, it was used under the same conditions as the oil shale, i.e. combustion in an isothermal regime, followed by acid attack.
HEPATITISANDCOLITISFOLLOWING COLOCYNTH INGESTION: A CASESTUDY
Authors:   B.Sc.,MD,Senior House Officer,Internal Medicine Department, Farwaniya Hospital, Kuwait., N. Alghais , B. Abdulqader ,   MD, Senior Consultant, FRCPI, MRCPI, ABM, Internal Medicine Department, Farwaniya Hospital, Kuwait., M.G. Alghanim ,   MD, Gastroenterology Specialist, FRCPC, ABIM. Gastroenterologydepartment, Farwaniya Hospital, Kuwait., H. Alenezi ,   B.Sc., MD, Senior House Officer, Internal Medicine Department, Farwaniya Hospital., Y. Alrifae ,   MBBS, Senior House Officer, Internal Medicine Department, Farwaniya Hospital.
Published: July 2022

Introduction:Colocynth is a commonly used remedy in some parts of theworldto treat several conditions andmost commonly to control diabetes. Case presentation: 42-year-old gentleman, known case of diabetes,presented to ER with history of severe colicky abdominal pain, bloodydiarrhea and nausea and vomiting for 6 hours, after ingestion of half piece ofcolocynth. Investigations showed a picture of pseudomembranous colitis andhepatitisalongwithdiabetic ketoacidosis. Management and outcome:He was admitted, treated conservatively andstarted on DKA protocol. Several investigations were done to clarify thecausesof thecolitisandhepatitis. Discussion and Conclusions: In respect to his colitis, all possibilities wereinvestigated thoroughly. Given the fact that colocynth toxicity is a well-knowncauseofcolitis,orderofeventsandabsenceofothercauses,colocynthtoxicityisthe most probable cause. Regarding the hepatitis, there are several trials on animals and hadcontroversy regarding colocynth as hepatotoxic or hepatoprotective material.Screening was done for our patient for all possible causes viral, drug induced,hemolysis, and autoimmune. All came negative and the only possible causewascolocynthtoxicity.
Evangelicals in Brazil
Authors: Cruz Fabio Henrique
Published: July 2022

The evangelical movement (wave) has shown a significant growth among the Brazilian population in recent decades, which has also manifested itself in political representation and, consequently, draws the attention for the political projects that this group raises. For this reason, studies in this area are extremely relevant to understand how this relationship between religious and seculars should take place in the public space. After analysis based on the hypothetical-deductive methodology, it was found that both religious and people with different worldviews should act in the public space with respect and tolerance. Imposing a way of looking at the world goes against the essence of liberalism and the democratic rule of law, as it violates basic issues such as the right to free consciousness and religion freedom itself.
La necesaria historización de la Encarnación. La mirada de la cristología latinoamericana
Authors: Costadoat Jorge
Published: July 2022

El origen de este artículo es la preocupación por el alejamiento del cristianismo de los sufrimientos de la humanidad. Este déficit debiera poder ser subsanado por una cristología que, obediente a la indicación fundamental de Calcedonia, salga al paso del afartodocetismo. Asimismo, la cristología latina tendría que reconocer valor soteriológico al misterio de Cristo en su conjunto, y no concentrar la salvación en la mera cruz para el perdón de los pecados. En la historia hay inocentes. La cristología latinoamericana de la liberación ha podido ofrecer liberación histórica a estas víctimas por la vía de un seguimiento trinitario de Cristo.
Replikli Öğretim: Otuz Yıllık Zaman Diliminde Yürütülen Araştırmaların Betimsel Analizi ve Meta-Analizi
Authors: BOZKURT Nihan , KARABULUT Elif , KOÇARSLAN Nergiz , KORKMAZ Gül Hayal , TEKİN İFTAR Elif
Published: July 2022

Giriş: Otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) sosyal etkileşim, iletişim sorunları ve tekrarlayıcı davranışlar, sınırlı ilgi, etkinlikler olarak iki temel alanda kendini gösteren bir gelişimsel yetersizliktir. Sosyal etkileşim ve iletişim alanında yaşanan güçlükler tanı ölçütlerinden olup otizmin şiddetini belirlemekte kullanılmaktadır. Çalışmada OSB olan bireylerle replikli öğretimin kullanıldığı 1990-2019 yılları arasında yayımlanmış olan hakemli dergi makalelerinin ve lisansüstü tez çalışmalarının tek-denekli deneysel araştırmalar niteliksel göstergeleri açısından değerlendirilerek ve betimsel analizi yapılarak bir senteze ulaşılması ve bu bireylere dil ve iletişim becerilerini öğretmek üzere bilimsel-dayanaklı bir uygulama olup olmadığının ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Söz konusu çalışmalara ulaşabilmek için elektronik ortamda taramalar yapılmış, ulaşılan çalışmaların kaynakçaları gözden geçirilerek elle tarama yapılmış ve 54 çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Dâhil etme ve dışlama ölçütleri açısından çalışmalar değerlendirilerek 45 çalışma niteliksel gösterge analizine alınmıştır. Bu kapsamda 38 çalışma “model standartlarını karşılayan ve koşullu karşılayan” çalışmalar olarak değerlendirilerek görsel analize alınmıştır. Görsel analizde ise, 34 çalışma (%76) “güçlü ve orta düzey dayanaklı” çalışma olarak değerlendirilmiş, bu çalışmalar betimsel analiz ve etki büyüklüğü analizine alınmıştır. Betimsel analiz sürecinde ise çalışmalar demografik, yöntemsel ve sonuçlarına ilişkin parametreler açısından analiz edilmiştir.Bulgular: Analizler, replikli öğretim ile farklı yaşta bireylere çeşitli iletişim ve etkileşim becerilerinin öğretilebildiğini göstermektedir. Etki büyüklüğü analizleri sonucunda, 19 çalışmanın (%55.9) “güçlü etkili”, 11 çalışmanın (%32.3) “orta-güçlü etkili” ve 4 çalışmanın ise (%11.8) “zayıf etkili” çalışmalar olduğu görülmüştür.Tartışma: Bu bulgulardan hareketle, “5-3-20 kuralı” dikkate alındığında replikli öğretimin farklı coğrafyalarda, farklı araştırmacı grupları tarafından OSB olan bireylere iletişim ve etkileşim becerilerinin öğretilmesinde “bilimsel-dayanaklı bir uygulama” olduğu ileri sürülebilir. Bulgular tartışılarak, araştırmacılara ve uygulamacılara önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
A fully automated and generic spatial discretization procedure for cultivated landscapes with human-made landscape elements
Authors: Lagacherie Philippe , Dagès Cécile , Zadonina Ekatarina , Fabre Jean Christophe , Molénat Jérôme , Squividant Hervé , Thomas Bruce
Published: July 2022

Landscape discretization is an essential hydrological modeling pre-processing step that comprises the numerical representation of different geographical objects considered in the modeling process and the connections between these objects within a graph structure. GROOV'Scape is a new landscape discretization procedure that (i) produces an oriented tree of a wide range of human-made landscape elements, such as plots, hedges, benches, grass stripes, and ditches, (ii) is fully automated to avoid local drainage anomalies that require user corrections, and (iii) is fast enough to enable sensitivity analysis and the interactive production of mediated modeling landscape management scenarios. GROOV'Scape was tested on a small agricultural catchment in south-west France (Doazit catchment, 9.05 km2). The results show good agreement between the connections of areal units computed by GROOV'Scape and those observed in the field. The system exhibited substantial sensitivity to the user's choice of minimum area unit size and of digital elevation model (DEM) resolution, suggesting trial-and-error approaches are needed to reach the best landscape discretization for any given modeling purpose. Finally, we demonstrated the feasibility of using GROOV'Scape to find an optimum configuration of an infrastructure network with respect to a given ecosystem function.
Modeling infection from SARS-CoV-2 wastewater concentrations: promise, limitations, and future directions
Authors: Soller Jeffrey , Jennings Wiley , Schoen Mary , Boehm Alexandria , Wigginton Krista , Gonzalez Raul , Graham Katherine E. , McBride Graham , Kirby Amy , Mattioli Mia
Published: July 2022

Estimating total infection levels, including unreported and asymptomatic infections, is important for understanding community disease transmission. Wastewater can provide a pooled community sample to estimate total infections that is independent of case reporting biases toward individuals with moderate to severe symptoms and by test-seeking behavior and access. We derive three mechanistic models for estimating community infection levels from wastewater measurements based on a description of the processes that generate SARS-CoV-2 RNA signals in wastewater and accounting for the fecal strength of wastewater through endogenous microbial markers, daily flow, and per-capita wastewater generation estimates. The models are illustrated through two case studies of wastewater data collected during 2020–2021 in Virginia Beach, VA, and Santa Clara County, CA. Median simulated infection levels generally were higher than reported cases, but at times, were lower, suggesting a discrepancy between the reported cases and wastewater data, or inaccurate modeling results. Daily simulated infection estimates showed large ranges, in part due to dependence on highly variable clinical viral fecal shedding data. Overall, the wastewater-based mechanistic models are useful for normalization of wastewater measurements and for understanding wastewater-based surveillance data for public health decision-making but are currently limited by lack of robust SARS-CoV-2 fecal shedding data.
Radiological safety assessment of drinking water in Darjeeling hill and foothill areas: An experimental finding
Authors: Gazi Mahasin , Naskar Arindam Kumar , Mondal Mitali , Deb Argha
Published: July 2022

This study intends to shed light on the radiological quality of potable water in one of the most important hill stations, Darjeeling, and its surrounding foothill areas of West Bengal, India, which has not yet been explored. A radon concentration measuring study has been carried out in 62 water samples collected from both natural springs (SW) and tube wells (TW) in the above mentioned area using an AlphaGUARD radon monitor. The measured maximum and minimum radon levels of drinking water samples collected from natural springs are 13.04 Bq/l and 0.43 Bq/l respectively while those for tube wells are 71.02 Bq/l and 1.02 Bq/l respectively. The average radon activities in the two water sources separately and together are 2.88 ± 0.41 and 25.67 ± 3.89 and 10.96 ± 1.97 Bq/l respectively. This study reveals that the average radon concentrations of water samples from both sources in this area are much below the reference level of 100 Bq/l as prescribed by the WHO and EU Commission. The evaluated radon activities are used to determine inhalation, ingestion and then total annual effective dose (AED). The average total AEDs for the two types of water sources separately and together (SW + TW) are 7.86 ± 1.11, 70.07 ± 10.64 and 29.93 ± 5.37 μSv/y respectively. The evaluated average total AEDs for the two types of drinking water sources separately and together are also much below the reference limit of 100 μSv/y prescribed by the above mentioned two agencies. It suggests that the drinking water of this region is radiologically safe so far as water-borne radon hazards are concerned.
Improving the performance of the compound labyrinth weirs using an artificial ventilation approach
Authors: Idrees Anees Kadhum , Al-Ameri Riyadh
Published: July 2022

Compound labyrinth weirs are a new shape that is used to increase discharge. The air pockets behind the nappe flow are a big problem for the hydraulic performance of the labyrinth weirs. The study aims to use the artificial ventilation approach to improve the performance of the compound labyrinth weirs. The current study proposes artificial ventilation techniques to mitigate the pressure behind nappe flow and to improve the coefficient of discharge. The data have been collected for three cases (without vented (WV), with vented (V), and with suction (S)). The results indicated that the pressure distribution behind nappe flow was not similar for all tested points. Also, a slight negative pressure was observed when H′t/P′ was measured between 0.1 and 0.2. Artificial ventilation with a suction pump was the best technique to reduce pressure behind the nappe flow when compared with a vent pipe device. Furthermore, the compound coefficient of discharge (Cdc) using the suction and vent devices was greater than the compound coefficient of discharge (Cdc) without the vent devices by 10% and 4.5%, respectively. The empirical equations were provided to predict the compound coefficient of discharge when pressure data behind nappe flow is available.
Water footprint of food production and consumption in China
Authors: Zhang Yu , Tian Qing , Yu Wei
Published: July 2022

A comprehensive understanding of water for food production and consumption is an essential part of achieving sustainable water use. Water footprint is an effective tool to analyze the problems of water and food security. The study analyzed the food production and consumption water footprint of 12 major products from the points of spatial, temporal and structure, including plant-based food and animal food. From 2001 to 2019, the production and consumption water footprint presented an upward trend and almost a three-fold difference between the two. In terms of spatial pattern, the high values were mainly concentrated in eastern China. The water stress level and water footprint of food production basically coincided. However, there seemed to be no significant correlation with water footprint of food consumption. Referring to the great variation in water structure, green water was the dominant not only in food production, but also in consumption. For food structure, grain production and consumption contributed the most to the overall water footprint. Finally, the study put forward suggestions for sustainable food production and consumption. The research is helpful to realize green and efficient water management in the food production process and rational consumption, ensuring food and water security.

HIGHLIGHTS The water footprint of food production and consumption of 12 major foods is explored from three aspects: spatial-temporal differences, water resources structure and food structure. There was a three-fold difference between the water footprint of food production and consumption. Green water accounted for the highest proportion of food production and consumption. Food and vegetable production and food and meat consumption had a high water footprint.