bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interpol wobec problemu tzw. zagranicznych bojowników terrorystycznych foreign terrorist fighters
Authors: Szumski Adrian
Published: March 2020

INTERPOL IN THE FACE OF THE PROBLEM OF SO-CALLED FOREIGN TERRORIST FIGHTERSThe challenges for present security include the problem of so-called foreign terrorist fighters. Threats concerned this issue are different, and they are a subject of interest of both countries and international organizations, including Interpol. The International Criminal Police Organization, be­ing a worldwide entity, has broad possibilities of support of its member countries in fight against the above mentioned problem. This support concerns mainly help regarding an access to information, as well as coordination of actions being undertaken by law enforcement agencies.
U źródeł japońskiego nacjonalizmu i militaryzmu — doktryna kokutai w życiu politycznym Cesarstwa Japonii w latach 1867–1945
Authors: Piegzik Michał A.
Published: March 2020

The main goal of this article is to present the historical development of the kokutai doctrine pol. national policy, which emerged in the Empire of Japan in 1867–1945 and which was one of the ideological foundations of the Japanese internal and foreign policy. Its formulation and subsequent consolidation in the form of legal regulations is closely related to the period of modernization and rivalry with the European colonial powers and the United States for influence on the political map of East Asia. The kokutai doctrine embodies concepts such as chauvinism, nationalism, racism, militarism, expansionism and statism. Attempts to put them into practice led to the outbreak of the World War Two in the Pacific and the total defeat of Japan against the Allies.
The ebbs and flows of the Holocaust and the Gulag memory in EU-rope. Memory dynamics in national and transnational contexts
Authors: Zessin-Jurek Lidia
Published: March 2020

THE EBBS AND FLOWS OF THE HOLOCAUST AND THE GULAG MEMORY IN EU-ROPE. MEMORY DYNAMICS IN THE NATIONAL AND TRANSNATIONAL CONTEXTSIn spring 2017 the long-awaited House of European History in Brussels was opened. Its exhibition tries to tackle not only the tumultuous history of 20th-century Europe, but also the diverse cultures of memory that surround this topic. The article touches upon the problem of co-existence and mutual relationship of the two important, if not the most crucial, topics on the European mnemonic map: that of the Holocaust and that of the Gulag. The uneven and changeable development of these memory cultures has been presented in the historical perspective and analysed through the way they have functioned at the national with Poland and Germany as examples and transnational EU levels. The concluding statement encapsulates the thesis that the EU-ropean memory confl ict in its original phase, centred around Brussels, achieved its climax some years ago. Nowadays the problems of history and memory are administered mostly within the regional and, even more, national public spheres. As the focal point of European dispute, on the other hand, new — seemingly beyond historical — topics emerged. Among them is the cultural problem sparked by the mass infl ux of immigrants to Europe.
Obozy koncentracyjne jako nowoczesna forma zwalczania przestępczości w Republice Federalnej Niemiec?
Authors: Fikus Sebastian
Published: March 2020

CONCENTRATION CAMPS AS A MODERN FORM OF FIGHTING CRIME IN THE GERMAN FEDERAL REPUBLICThe problem of participation of the Nazi elites in the structures of the German Federal Republic is increasingly engaging for German historians. Popular, non-academic works also address the issue of joining the police force by former officials of the Third Reich. However, in the German texts it is consistently stressed that Nazi elites did not influence the social and political life of the German Federal Republic. Nevertheless, the debate on reintroducing concentration camps shows the high standing of national socialism ideology long after World War II.
The legal status of local self-government in the field of public security
Authors: Czuryk Małgorzata , Kostrubiec Jarosław
Published: March 2020

THE LEGAL STATUS OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN THE FIELD OF PUBLIC SECURITYThe vast array of responsibilities assigned to local self-government include also public security. This is all the more important as it must be ensured at every tier of administration, including in the regions. The local self-government, as the basic form of decentralised public administration, is situated closest to citizens and is therefore most responsive to their needs, with security needs being fundamental needs that must be addressed on a continuous basis.The jurisdiction of local and regional government bodies in the field of public security concerns many areas, but it is the local government which holds most of these responsibilities while the regional government is entrusted with less responsibility in this matter. This characteristic covers the institution of emergency states, crisis management, or issuing public order regulations.
Polskie zmagania z handlem kobietami i dziećmi na przełomie XIX i XX wieku. Wybrane zagadnienia polityczne, prawne i społeczne
Authors: Antonów Radosław
Published: March 2020

POLISH STRUGGLE WITH WHITE SLAVE TRADE OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN AT THE TURN OF THE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURIES: SELECTED POLITICAL, LEGAL AND SOCIAL ISSUESThe women and children trade, at first called the white slave trade, constituted for both Poland and Polish people a hazard to not only public safety but also to each person’s safety. Poland after regaining independence fought against this phenomenon not only on its own territory but also in the international relations, aspiring to the protection of Polish people against this crime. It should be emphasized that in period of the partitions of Poland the crime was used on the Polish territory by the partitioners to deprive Polish people of their national identity, to oppress and enslave them. Therefore, it can be assumed that this crime with reference to Polish people at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries was used by the partitioner policy, especially on the territory of the Russian annexation and, because of that it gained a political nature — publications of Polish scientists, politicians and journalists of the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries demonstrate this.
Ciało zbrodniarza. Wizualne reprezentacje procesu i egzekucji Arthura Greisera
Authors: Jankowska Agata
Published: March 2020

THE BODY OF A WAR CRIMINAL: VISUAL REPRESENTATIONS OF ARTHUR GREISER’S TRIAL AND EXECUTIONThe essay depicts the representations of the public image of Arthur Greiser, the Governor of Reichsgau Wartheland and a war criminal, tried and sentenced to death in post-war Poland in 1946. The author analyzes visual sources, such as photographs and films. The post-war images of Arthur Greiser suggest a different figure of the Nazi leader who tried to create his own, well-considered public image as a beginner member of the Nazi party, and later — as the leader of an occupied territory. The Polish discourse, as the anti-war and anti-Nazi one, broke the majestic and proud figure of Greiser, presented him as a ruthless war criminal responsible for persecutions and genocide, an unhuman being without compassion and a monster with specific physiological features. Simulta-neously, the official mass media rhetoric and visual narratives strived to take over the body of Greiser, deprived him the right to dispose of it. The author describes and interprets the pictures of the trial and execution where Greiser is considered as the accused and a dead body/corpse. The visual representations uncover the practice of subjugating the perpetrator’s body in public discourse, as well as the social behaviour and attitudes in the liberated communist country.
Idee Carla Schmitta w dorobku Wiesława Kozuba-Ciembroniewicza
Authors: Citkowska-Kimla Anna
Published: March 2020

CARL SCHMITT’S IDEAS IN THE SCHOLARLY OUTPUT OF WIESŁAW KOZUB-CIEMBRONIEWICZThe article aims at presenting Wiesław Kozub-Ciembroniewicz’s interest in Carl Schmitt’s ideas. First, the possibilities of getting acquainted with Schmitt’s political philosophy by Kozub-Ciembroniewicz were described. Then, the academic activity of Kozub-Ciembro niewicz is presented in which Schmitt’s inspirations were visible. The next part discusses the works in which Kozub-Ciembroniewicz wrote about the German philosopher of law.
Kościół katolicki i neopogaństwo niemieckie w myśli Leona Halbana
Authors: Polak Ryszard
Published: March 2020

THE CATHOLIC CHURCH AND GERMAN NEOPAGANISM IN LEON HALBAN’S THOUGHTThis article presents the views of Leon Halban referring to the problems of German religiosity. In the first part of the article, the family and the character and the academic achievements of this scholar were characterized. In the next part of the article, his views on the role of the Catholic Church in European culture were analyzed and his position in which he made a critical assessment of German religiosity was presented. Halban assumed that the Christianity practiced by Germans since the Middle Ages did not result from their authentic conversion. The Germans were often religiously indifferent and tended to fall into various heresies and deviations from faith. They also sought to achieve supremacy of the state over the Church in public life and law. Halban argued that a renewal of morality can only be achieved in the Catholic Church, whose ethical principles and doctrine should be propagated and applied in everyday life.
Zbrodnie, bezprawie i przemoc seksualna wobec ludności cywilnej w czasach II wojny światowej
Authors: Isański Jakub
Published: March 2020

Crimes, lawlessness and sexual violence against civilians during the period of the Second World WarThe text talks about the violence experienced by civilians who lived in the Polish lands during the Second World War and in the first years after its end. The victims of this violence were almost always people who did not take part in any military actions, and various forms of plundering, pacification and rapes were often a part of their everyday fate. In many cases, people were also forced to assist in various forms of violence against other victims. The text is based on a body of diaries written after the war by people taking part in diary competitions organized by the Western Institute in Poznań. A huge resource of over a thousand texts provides an opportunity to get to know not only individual fates but also the wider social context of those experiences.
Carl Schmitt w polskich interpretacjach politologicznych 1984–2007
Authors: Święcicki Łukasz
Published: March 2020

Carl Schmitt in Polish political-science interpretations 1984–2007The article discusses Polish political-science interpretations of the German legal and political theorist Carl Schmitt. It gives an overview of the main literature published between the 1980s and 2000s. Polish political scientists became interested in Schmitt only after a period of intensive studies conducted by lawyers. Polish political science, ideologically oriented during the times of the communist regime, took its leading role in Schmitt’s reception with the transformation of Poland’s political system. Interestingly, the flow of new translations of Schmitt’s writings in the first decades of the century shifted the reception substantially and moved it towards more philosophical and theological interpretations. The interpretations present in the field of political science have been divided into two kinds based on different methodologies: the first, focused on Schmitt as a political theorist, which aims at introducing his substantial contributions to political science, and the second, which focuses on Schmitt as a representative of conservatism. The article may serve as a practical introduction to Polish political-science research on Schmitt.
Projekty biblioteczne uczelni publicznych finansowane ze środków krajowych i europejskich znajdujących się w dyspozycji instytucji szczebla krajowego i regionalnego w Polsce
Authors: Willecki Jacek
Published: March 2020

Public universities library projects financed from the national and European funds at the disposal of state-level and regional institutions in PolandThe main objective of this article is to provide an overview of potential financing sources for library projects which can be executed by public universities. The most important authorising officers of the funds for pro-development activities of libraries are state-level and regional institutions represented by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage, Digital Poland Project Centre, the National Centre for Research and Development and Marshall’s Offices. The applied method of analysis and synthesis of the acts, regulations and guidelines within the scope of eligible expenditure and adetailed description of national and regional operational projects has allowed for the types of projects which can be financed form non-university national and European resources to be identified. The national and regional level institutions supporting the activities for the development of libraries are mainly focused on the projects concerned with pre­servation of the unique library resources of high importance for science or its heritage, developing scientific library resources and making them available in digital form, as well as increasing access to data bases which contain scientific information, including Virtual Library of Science. The above mentioned institutions finance or co-finance both the building and the expansion of interoperational scientific digital repositories of regional or national scope, which are user-oriented and co-finance the activities for the improvement of skills in managing information and using professional data bases in educational process. The variety of project types which are subject to external financing makes it possible to execute projects which are in accordance with current strategies for the deve­lopment of libraries, expressing their current and future plans. The research conducted has shown current availability of funds for the activities for development of scientific libraries on the level of both state and regional institutions. The availability of these funds by means of competition enables the execution of innovative projects, the main purpose of which should be to achieve competitive advantage of specific academic centres on the market of library services in Poland. The research has also confirmed the possibility of obtaining funding form the European or national funds up to 100% of eligible expenditure of the projects concerned first of all with the development of e-science. It is particularly important in the situation when university budgets cannot ensure financing for all the expenditure connected with pro-development needs of their libraries.
Zmiany w systemie dokumentacji publikacji Politechniki Wrocławskiej na potrzeby Modułu Sprawozdawczego PBN
Authors: Komperda Anna
Published: March 2020

Changes in documentation system of publicationsof the Wrocław University of Scienceand Technology in the context of data transfer to the Polish Scholary BibliographyThe article focuses on the Ordinance of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education on the System of the Information on Higher Education and its implementation at the Wroclaw University of Science and Technology WRUST. Some organizational solutions and communication ways with the POL-on — the System of the Information on Higher Education were presented. Aspecial attention was paid to DONA database as the main WRUST source of reliable bibliographic and statistical data for estimation and comparison of the research performance. It discusses the way of publication data transfer to the Reporting Module of the PBN — Polish Scholarly Bibliography, especially: organization of work, modifications in DONA database structure, process of data enhancement, a new data range in accordance with the new Ministry Ordinance as well as data import details. A particular attention is given to information extension about authors, publication affiliation assignment to the university organizational unit, Open Access availability of publications, OA licenses and information about conferences. The main goal of the article is to present the experiences of the big technical university with agreat practical expertise in the field of development of the complex multitask information platform — asource of information about scientific output of the University. It analyses also problems connected with the data transfer to the POL-on System and discusses the important issue such as evaluation of scientific units in Poland.
Artists’ books, czyli czym jest owoc małżeństwa książki ze sztuką
Authors: Bernacki Paweł
Published: March 2020

Artists’ books, or what is the fruit of the marriage of a book with artThis text is an attempt to looking at the status of artists’ books — interesting phenomenon, which blends worlds of book and art. It includes the opinions of art critics, bibliophiles, publishers, crea­tors of literature and artists. History of the artists’ books and external conditions, which have an influence on its birth were briefly outlined. Image of this phenomenon turns out indeterminate and internally contradictory. Theories, typologies, attempts to define or even fix the right term are often mutually exclusive. This situation raises questions about their legitimacy. Maybe we should accept the fact that certain indeterminacy and impossibility to enclose in rigid frames is an inherent feature of artists’ books because otherwise they would lose their diverse and open character.
Edynburg jako przykład miasta literatury: Edinburgh International Book Festival
Authors: Kowalska Marta
Published: March 2020

Edinburgh as an example of a city of literature: Edinburgh International Book FestivalThe aim of the article is to introduce Edinburgh as a“city of literature”. Special attention was paid to the Edinburgh International Book Festival. The author analyses selected aspects of the famous book celebrations, highlighting their innovation and impact on the surrounding reality.
У пошуку нових форм: реалії українського ринку медіа для дітей
Authors: Ogar Emilia
Published: March 2020

In the search for new forms: The realities of the Ukrainian market of children’s mediaThis paper analyses one of the most innovative segments of the Ukrainian media market — digital and convergent media for children — from the perspective of media studies. Вasing on the results of relevant research and valid empirical data, the author suggests a possible typology for analyzing new media by content presentation type — monomedia and multimedia. Multimedia can be classified in origin — i.e. digitized versions of print media, original “digital born” media, and combined media. Thanks to such characteristics as modernity of design, high level of creativity, functionality, inter­activity, attractiveness, efficiency of communication with young consumers, the most pronounced level of innovation in Ukraine is seen in multimedia and convergent mas media for children, which amalgamate printed magazines and web portals. Particular attention has been paid to innovative digital platforms, which fundamentally expand the functional possibilities of media for children in general. This paper elucidates the fundamental reasons — in the light of the availability of technol­ogy, communications and creative possibilities, development of the IT sector and actual production of digital media — why in Ukraine digital media for children are rather sporadic artistic projects than mass products of media industry.
Jak Emil Zegadłowicz o typografii gawędził. Uwagi na marginesie poznańskiej edycji "Gawędy poety z typografem" z 1929 roku
Authors: Krzak-Weiss Katarzyna
Published: March 2020

How Emil Zegadłowicz discoursed about typography. Comments on the margin of the Poznań Edition of Gawęda poety z typografem of 1929The present text is based on a book by Emil Zegadłowicz published in 1929 by the poet’s friend, Jan Kuglin. Gawęda poety z typografem [Discourse between a poet and a typographer] was delivered for the first time during the Third Congress of Polish Bibliophiles that took place in Lwów in 1928. Its individual fragments are a point of departure for reflections upon typography at the turn of the twentieth century, especially the beautiful book trend initiated at that time as well as the bibliophile publishing houses and editions that emerged in its wake.
Funkcje bibliotek pedagogicznych w XXI wieku
Authors: Antczak Mariola , Wachowicz Monika
Published: March 2020

Functions and tasks of pedagogical libraries in the 21st centuryDue to their functions, pedagogical libraries are a very important point on the library map of our country. The authors conduct their reflections on the tasks and functions of the pedagogical library in the 21st century, referring to the proposals included in the literature on the subject. In the course of theoretical analysis, using their own observations from work in this type of book, they propose their own catalog of the functions of pedagogical libraries.
Ewolucja zadań nauczycieli bibliotekarzy w dydaktyce szkolnej
Authors: Grabowska Dorota
Published: March 2020

Evolution of tasks of librarian teachers in school didacticsThe article presents changes in tasks faced by teacher-librarians in their pedagogical activities. The following documents were analyzed: teaching principles, reading instructions, educational paths, and core curricula. They reveal the competencies and attitudes that children are to be taught by teacher-librarians. Teacher-librarians support curricula implementation, their tasks change along with the curricula. Nowadays development of not only reading motivation, but also information competencies is being emphasized.
Jeszcze o wizerunku biblioteki i bibliotekarza z perspektywy popularnych mediów
Authors: Skibicka Teresa
Published: March 2020

More about the image of a library and a librarian from the perspective of popular mediaLibraries and librarians have undergone tremendous changes in recent years. This undeniable fact led the representatives of the librarian community to reflect on the social reception of this change. The article presents a summary of discussions from previous years, and these conclusions are confronted with the current perception of libraries as well as the librarian profession. The current image of the field mentioned above was prepared based on materials published in popular media. An attempt was made to answer the question of whether the true image of the librarian, educated and fluent in modern information technology, went hand in hand with their social perception.
Pengembangan Video Tutorial Membuat Halaman Website
Authors: Ramadhan Rikko Fajar , Kustandi Cecep , Nursetyo Kunto Imbar
Published: March 2020

Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan video tutorial membuat halaman website menggunakan framework bootstrap. Video tutorial disusun berdasakan setiap tahapan dasar membuat halaman website. Sasaran video tutorial tersebut ialah pengguna dengan usia 18 tahun hingga 30 tahun. Penelitian ini dilakukan berdasarkan model Rapid Prototyping.  Dalam Model tersebut  memiliki beberapa tahapan diantaranya Asses Needs dan Analyze Content, Set Objective, Construct Prototype, Utilize Prototype, serta Install and Maintain System. Ujicoba pada penelitian pengembangan ini melalui beberapa tahapan diantaranya Expert review, one to one, serta small group. Pada evaluasi expert review yang dilakukan oleh ahli materi serta media mendapatkan nilai rata rata 3.64. Pada tahap one to one didapatkan hasil rata rata 3.52, tahap small group mendapatkan nilai rata rata 3.38. Secara keseluruhan video tutorial yang peneliti kembangkan untuk membuat halaman website dapat dikatakan layak untuk digunakaan. Khususnya pada pembuatan halaman website dengan framework bootstrap.
Pengembangan Buku Pop Up Untuk Kegiatan Bercerita Anak di PAUD Bougenville
Authors: Kurnia Ridhagitha , Widyaningrum Retno , Ariani Diana
Published: March 2020

This development research aims to create product in the form of pop up story books. This book is a learning medium that is used for storytelling activities in a Play Group named Bougenville. This development research was carried out by following the Baker & Schutz development model, which consist of 1) Formulation, 2) Instructional Specification, 3) Item Tryout, 4) Product Development, 5) Product Tryout, 6) Product Revision, and 7) Operation Analysis. The product evaluation is done through Expert Review and Field Test. The expert review phase involves 1 subject matter expert and 1 media expert. The average score obtained from experts review is 3.7 which considered as very good. For field test, the pop up story book has tested on 15 students, The average score obtained at this phase is 88% which considered as good. So, it can be concluded, this development research has created an Animal Theme Pop Up Book which used for storytelling activities in Bougenville Play Group.
Pre-Service Science Teachers’ Conceptions of the Nature of Science and Its Relationship to Classroom Practice
Authors: Caga-anan Katherine Pilongo , O’Toole John Mitchell
Published: March 2020

There are significant tensions regarding relative international educational effectiveness. In the science education field, such concerns churn around the extent of scientific understanding with which students leave school. There have been suggestions that this aspect of science literacy is related to how well teachers help students to understand the nature of science. Previous research indicates the existence of both naïve and sophisticated views of this among both teachers and students. However, little research exists regarding Filipino students preparing to teach science in a local and international fluid context, particularly how their views of the nature of science relate to their classroom teaching practices. It was the purpose of this qualitative study involving seven pre-service science teachers from a single institution in Mindanao, Republic of the Philippines, to better understand the relationship of teacher views of the nature of science and the way that they taught science during their final teaching practice. Data was gathered through non-participant class observations, documents, interviews, and survey analysis. Findings reveal that: (a) These pre-service science teachers hold a mixture of naïve and sophisticated views of the nature of science; (b) Their views of science as empirically based (a potentially sophisticated view), subject to strict method and producing absolute knowledge (naïve views) transferred into their planning and delivery of practice lessons to a minor but discernible extent; (c) The views of science emerging from interview and survey were more varied and more sophisticated than appeared from the lessons planned or observed. The implications of this study are significant because they support some indications in the literature that wider teacher conceptions can translate into practice. This suggests that change in the conceptions held by these teachers might lead to change in the experiences they offer to students in their classes. The research process piloted in this small study could be scaled up to make a useful contribution to science education as the nation for which it was contexted moves into a period of rapid curriculum change.
Crunchy Coconut (Cocos Nucifera) Shell Activated Charcoal Powder Chocolate Cookies
Authors: Belmes Novelita J. , Palma Kristel Jade C.
Published: March 2020

The study aimed to introduce the acceptability of Crunchy Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Shell Activated Charcoal Powder Chocolate Cookies. The experimental method of research using Five-Point Hedonic Scale was answered by selected respondents in terms of appearance, aroma, taste and texture. The finding showed that treatment B has the highest mean level that is scaled as “Highly Acceptable” in terms of appearance while in aroma, taste, and texture treatment A has the highest mean level that is scaled as “Highly Acceptable”. Generally, treatment A was accepted by the respondents. There was no significant difference in the level of acceptability of the “ Crunchy Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Shell Activated Charcoal Powder Chocolate Cookies” in terms of appearance. In terms of aroma, taste, and texture there was a significant difference in the level of acceptability of the “Crunchy Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Shell Activated Charcoal Powder Chocolate Cookies”. ANOVA was used as statistical tool to test the difference between groups. Post Hoc Test and Scheffe were also used to confirm the differences occurred between groups in an unplanned comparison between groups. Based on the findings and conclusions, recommendations were formulated.
Managing Change Capabilities Of School Heads: Input To Effective Change And Development In The Educational System
Authors: Velarde Richie C. , Velarde Prolucen C. , Velarde Relly C.
Published: March 2020

The study assessed the managing change capabilities of school heads in the province of Masbate, Philippines. Specifically, it sought answers to the level of change management skills of the elementary and secondary school heads along; understanding change, planning change, implementing change, consolidating and monitoring change (based on Heller model) as well as the significant relationship of these skills. The study used the descriptive survey method of research using the Heller’s scoring model as well as the interpretation for the skills in managing change. The respondent-school heads in the whole province (N=190) were completely enumerated. Results showed that secondary school heads obtained a total score of 19,681 and were ‘skilled agents of change’ in understanding, implementing, consolidating and monitoring change; while in planning, they only ‘understand the need for change.’ On the other hand, elementary school heads obtained a total score of 17,233 considered as ‘skilled agents’ in implementing change; while they only rated to ‘understand the need for change’ along understanding, planning and consolidating and monitoring change based on the Robert Heller Scoring Model. The relationship of these skills obtained a value of 27.949 interpreted as with a ‘highly significant’ result. The researcher concluded that the school heads in the province of Masbate particularly the secondary school heads are generally receptive and have a positive approach to change-making them skilled agents of change. Recommended therefore to utilize the expertise of these school heads in implementing reforms and change in the educational system and to conduct similar studies among school heads using different assessment tools.
Family Relationships of Maritime Graduates of the Palompon Institute of Technology
Authors: Ochavillo Gregorio S.
Published: March 2020

This study was conducted to determine the family relationships of the respondents who graduated with the degree Bachelor of Science in Marine Transportation (BSMT) and Bachelor of Science in Marine Engineering (BSMarE) before they joined and after they graduated from the Maritime Education Upgrading Program of the Palompon Institute of Technology (PIT) – Royal Association of Netherlands Shipowners (KVNR) through a descriptive research method. It was found out in the study that the quality of family relationships that kept family closely attached were not compromised thus considered healthy for the BSMT and likely healthy for the BSMarE even before the respondents have joined the upgrading program. Moreover, as the respondents already graduated from the program and already working onboard ships, it was found out that no amount of financial success could destroy the basic fundamentals of strong family relationships among Filipino families. Subsequently, as the respondents were always away from their families most of the times, yet this did not put the family relationships in peril. The respondents’ families manifested that their family relationships remained very strong and healthy that speaks true to Filipino way of family life. Data gathering was through several medium like the internet, the social media, mail delivery services, and by personally fielding the questionnaires. Sending the questionnaires through the identified mediums was done three times to give extra leeway for the respondents to acknowledge and return the filled-up survey questionnaires.
Maternal and partner’s level of satisfaction on the delivery room service in University of Gondar Referral Hospital, Northwest, Ethiopia: A comparative cross-sectional study.
Authors: Taddese Asefa Adimasu , Gashaye Kiros Terefe , Dagne Henok , Andualem Zewudu
Published: March 2020

Background: Asking patients/clients what they perceive about the care and treatment they have received is one of the important steps towards improving the quality of health care. In the scientific world, a number of efforts have been tried to understand about what laboring mothers perceive about the care provided. However, little is known about the birth experiences of partners in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the maternal and partner’s level of satisfaction on the delivery room service in the study area.
Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from Dec 2018 to January 2019 in University of Gondar referral hospital. The birth satisfaction scale is used for the mother, and it was adapted to the partners’ perspective. Paired-samples t tests were used for comparing mothers and partners for the birth satisfaction scales global and thematic scores. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify predicting factors for mothers’ and partners satisfaction.
Results: The overall satisfaction of mothers in this study was 47.6 % whereas 41.2% of partners were satisfied by delivery room services. There were mean difference between mothers and partners’ birth satisfaction scale (p=0.02). Maternal satisfaction scale was affected by age [OR = 0.36, 95%CI (0.18, 0.73 )], perception [OR =0.02, 95%CI (0.001,0.09)], waiting time [OR = 0.11 , 95%CI (0.001, 0.09)],visiting mode [OR = 0.01 , 95%CI (0.001,0.08)], pregnancy status [OR = 0.04, 95%CI (0.01 ,0.33)] and fatal outcome [OR=0.001, 95%CI (0.001,0.018)] .whereas, partners satisfaction was associated with age [OR=0.16,95%CI (0.05 0.49)], occupational status [OR = 0.02, 95%CI (0.001, 0.24), amount of money to pay for service [OR = 2.87, 95%CI (1.07, 7.71), visiting mode of his wife [OR = 0.08, 95%CI (0.01, 0.35)], waiting time [OR = 0.12, 95%CI (0.04, 0.33)], privacy [OR = 10.61, 95%CI (3.00, 37.52)], mode of delivery of his wife [OR = 7.69, 95%CI (3.00, 19.69)].
Conclusion : This finding would alert the health care system to design a client-friendly approach. It will provide insight to hospital administrators and providers in formulating a policy that would enhance the support of partners during labour and delivery process.
Burden of HPV Related Anogenital Diseases in Young Women in Germany – An Analysis of German Statutory Health Insurance Claims Data From 2012–2017
Authors: Reuschenbach Miriam , Mihm Sarah , Wölle Regine , Schneider Kim Maren , Jacob Christian , Braun Sebastian , Greiner Wolfgang , Hampl Monika
Published: March 2020

Background Most women and men are infected with human papillomavirus (HPV) at least once in their lifetime. Infections with low-risk types can cause genital warts, whereas high-risk types can cause malignant tumors. The aim of this study was to determine the burden of anogenital diseases potentially related to HPV in young women based on German statutory health insurance claims data.Methods We conducted a retrospective claims data analysis using the “Institute for Applied Health Research Berlin” (InGef) Research Database, containing claims data from approximately 4 million insured individuals. In the period from 2012-2017 all women born in1989-1992, who were continuously insured between the age of 23-25 years were identified. Using ICD-10-GM codes (verified diagnosis in the outpatient sector or primary or secondary diagnosis in the inpatient sector) the administrative prevalence (95% confidence interval) of genital warts (A63.0), anogenital diseases grade I (K62.8, N87.0, N89.0, N90.0), grade II (N87.1, N89.1, N90.1) and grade III (D01.3, D06.-, D06.0, D07.1, D07.2, N87.2, N89.2, N90.2) was calculated (women with diagnosis divided by all women).Results From 2012-2017, a total of 15,358 (birth cohort 1989), 16,027 (birth cohort 1990), 14,748 (birth cohort 1991) and 14,862 (birth cohort 1992) women at the age of 23-25 were identified. A decrease of the administrative prevalence was observed in genital warts (1.30% (1.12-1.49) birth cohort 1989 vs. 0.94% (0.79-1.10) birth cohort 1992) and anogenital diseases grade III (1.09% (0.93-1.26) birth cohort 1989 vs. 0.71% (0.58-0.86) birth cohort 1992). In anogenital diseases grade III, this trend was especially observed for severe cervical dysplasia (N87.2) (0.91% (0.76-1.07) birth cohort 1989 vs. 0.60% (0.48-0.74) birth cohort 1992). In contrast, anogenital diseases grade I (1.41% (1.23-1.61) birth cohort 1989 vs. 1.31% (1.14-1.51) birth cohort 1992) and grade II (0.61% (0.49-0.75) birth cohort 1989 vs. 0.52% (0.42-0.65) birth cohort 1992) remained stable.Conclusions A decrease of the burden of anogenital disease potentially related to HPV was observed in the younger birth cohorts. This was observed especially for genital warts and anogenital diseases grade III. Further research to investigate this trend for the upcoming years in light of varying HPV vaccination coverage for newer birth cohorts is necessary.
Laparoscopic orchiopexy of palpable undescended testes_ experience of a single tertiary institution with over 773 cases
Authors: You Jia , Li Gang , Chen Haitao , Wang Jun , Li Shuang
Published: March 2020

Background Discuss the superiority of laparoscopic orchiopexy in the treatment of inguinal palpable undescended testes. Methods Inclusion criteria: Preoperative examination and color Doppler ultrasound examination confirmed that the testes were located in the inguinal canal and could not be pulled into the scrotum, except for retractive and ectopic testes. The surgical steps were depicted as follow. The retroperitoneal wall was carved by ultrasonic scalpels, separates the spermatic vessels closed to the inferior pole of the kidney if necessary, dissects the peritoneum of vas deferens, cuts the testicular gubernaculum, and pulls back the testicle into the abdominal cavity. Besides, protect the vas deferens, and descend the testes to the scrotum and fix them without tension. Results There were 773 patients with 869 inguinal undescended palpable testes, 218 cases on the left side, 459 cases on the right side and 96 cases with bilateral undescended testes, whose age ranged from 6 months to 8 years, with an average of 20 months. All testes were successfully operated, no converted to open surgery. The average operation time was (34.8 ± 5.4) min. There were 692 testes have an ipsilateral patent processus vaginalis (89.5%); In 677 cases of unilateral cryptorchidism, 233 cases (34.4%) have a contralateral patent processus vaginalis, and laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure the hernia sac carry out during the surgery. There was no subcutaneous emphysema during the operation, no vomiting, no abdominal distension, no wound bleeding and obvious pain after surgery, especially wound infection is rarely. Doppler ultrasound was evaluated regularly after surgery. The patients were followed up for 6 to 18 months. All the testes were located in the scrotum without testicular retraction and atrophy. No inguinal hernia or hydrocele was found in follow-up examination. Conclusion Laparoscopic orchiopexy manage inguinal palpable cryptorchidism is safe and effective, and there are obvious minimally invasive advantages. Furthermore, It could discover a contralateral patent processus vaginalis, and treat at the same time, which avoid the occurrence of metachronous inguinal hernia.
A Drug Identification Model developed using Deep Learning Technologies: Experience of a Medical Center in Taiwan
Authors: Ting Hsien-Wei , Chung Sheng-Luen , Chen Chih-Fang , Chiu Hsin-Yi , Hsieh Yow-Wen
Published: March 2020

Background: Issuing of correct prescriptions is a foundation of patient safety. Medication errors represent one of the most important problems in health care, with ‘look-alike and sound-alike’ (LASA) being the lead error. Existing solutions to prevent LASA still have their limitations. Deep learning techniques have revolutionized identification classifiers in many fields. In search of better image-based solutions for blister package identification problem, this study using a baseline deep learning drug identification (DLDI) aims to understand how identification confusion of look-alike images by human occurs through the cognitive counterpart of deep learning solutions and thereof to suggest further solutions to approach them.Methods: We collected images of 250 types of blister-packaged drug from the Out-Patient Department (OPD) of a medical center for identification. The deep learning framework of You Only Look Once (YOLO) was adopted for implementation of the proposed deep learning. The commonly-used F1 score, defined by precision and recall for large numbers of identification tests, was used as the performance criterion. This study trained and compared the proposed models based on images of either the front-side or back-side of blister-packaged drugs. Results: Our results showed that the total training time for the front-side model and back-side model was 5 hours 34 minutes and 7 hours 42 minutes, respectively. The F1 score of the back-side model (95.99%) was better than that of the front-side model (93.72%). Conclusions: In conclusion, this study constructed a deep learning-based model for blister-packaged drug identification, with an accuracy greater than 90%. This model outperformed identification using conventional computer vision solutions, and could assist pharmacists in identifying drugs while preventing medication errors caused by look-alike blister packages. By integration into existing prescription systems in hospitals, the results of this study indicated that using this model, drugs dispensed could be verified in order to achieve automated prescription and dispensing.
Long non-coding RNA THOR promotes Ovarian Cancer cells progression via IL-6/STAT3 pathway
Authors: Ge Jing , Han Tao , Shan Lili , Na Jing , Li Ya , Wang Jun
Published: March 2020

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. The prognosis of OC remains poor due to the advanced stage and distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis. Recently, a novel lncRNA, THOR (testis-associated highly conserved oncogenic long non-coding RNA), was characterized in human cancers and shown to exhibit an oncogenic role. However, the role of THOR in OC remains unclear. Methods: RT-PCR and western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of THOR, p-STAT3 and IL-6. The impact of THOR on OC proliferation, metastasis and self-renewal was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The prognostic value of THOR was determined in OC patient cohorts. Results: In this study, our results find that THOR is markedly upregulated in human OC tissues and predicts the poor prognosis of OC patients. Functional studies have revealed that knockdown of THOR inhibits the growth, metastasis and self-renewal of OC cells. Mechanistically, THOR drives OC cell progression via the IL-6/STAT3 signaling. Moreover, the specific STAT3 inhibitor S3I-201 or IL-6R inhibitor tocilizumab diminish the discrepancy in the growth, metastatic and self-renewal capacity between THOR-silenced OC cells and control cells, which further confirm that IL-6/STAT3 is required in THOR-driven OC cells progression. Conclusion: Our findings reveal that THOR could promote OC cells growth, metastasis and self-renewal by activating IL-6/STAT3 signaling and may be a good predictive factor and therapeutic target.
Uptake of Intermittent Preventive Treatment for Malaria during Pregnancy with Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine in Malawi after adoption of updated World Health Organization policy: An Analysis of Demographic and Health Survey 2015-2016
Authors: Azizi Steven Chifundo
Published: March 2020

Background: Malawi adopted the 2012 updated Word Health Organization (WHO) Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria during pregnancy with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) policy in 2013. This study aimed to estimate the proportion of and identify factors associated with the uptake of at least three doses of IPTp with SP among pregnant women in Malawi after the adoption and operationalisation of updated WHO IPTp-SP policy. Methods: The 2015-16 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey dataset was analysed. Of 1,219 women aged 15-49 years who had live births and the children were born after the date of July 2015, 1,069 women were included in the analysis. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression were used in data analysis. The statistical analysis took into account a complex survey sample design. Results: Of the 1,069 women, 447 (42%, 95% CI: 38.1-45.6) received three (optimal) or more doses of IPTp-SP. Less than half (47%) managed to attend at least four antenatal care (ANC) clinics. Only 52% received optimal SP doses among those who made at least four ANC visits. Only the number of ANC visits was associated with the optimal uptake of SP. Women who attended ANC three times only and those who visited ANC once or twice only were less likely to receive at least three doses of SP than those who managed to attend ANC at least four times during pregnancy (AOR=0.71, 95% CI 0.49-1.02) and (AOR=0.12, 95% CI 0.06-0.21) respectively. Conclusions: To achieve effective malaria prevention in pregnancy, IPTP-SP is used alongside other interventions. However, there is low uptake of optimal SP doses in Malawi, and this seems to be associated with the number of ANC visits. Moreover, there is limited effectiveness of an increased number of ANC visits on the uptake of optimal SP doses. Further research should be done to explore health systems factors affecting uptake of optimal IPTp with SP doses during pregnancy.
Low serum betaine levels as a potential biomarker for type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Guo Fei , Qiu Xueting , Zhu Yuanting , Tan Zhirong , Ouyang Dongsheng , Li Zhenyu
Published: March 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square.
Posttraumatic stress disorder and depression of survivors 12 months after the outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome in South Korea
Authors: Park Hye Yoon , Park Wan Beom , Lee So Hee , Kim Jeong Lan , Lee Jung Jae , Lee Haewoo , Shin Hyoung-Shik
Published: March 2020

Background: The 2015 outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in the Republic of Korea is a recent and representative occurrence of nationwide outbreaks of Emerging Infectious Diseases (EIDs) . In addition to physical symptoms, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are common following outbreaks of EID. Methods: The present study investigated the long-term mental health outcomes and related risk factors in survivors of MERS. A prospective nationwide cohort study was conducted 12 months after the MERS outbreak at multi-centers throughout Korea. PTSD and depression as the main mental health outcomes were assessed with the Impact of Event Scale-Revised Korean version (IES-R-K) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) respectively. Results: 42.9% of survivors reported PTSD (IES-R-K ≥ 25) and 27.0% reported depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) at 12 months post-MERS. A multivariate analysis revealed that anxiety (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.76; 95%CI, 1.29–25.58; P = 0.021), and a greater recognition of stigma (aOR, 11.09, 95%CI, 2.28–53.90; P = 0.003) during the MERS-affected period were independent predictors of PTSD at 12 months after the MERS outbreak. Having a family member who died from MERS predicted the development of depression (aOR, 12.08, 95%CI, 1.47–99.19; P = 0.020). Conclusion: This finding implies that psychosocial factors, particularly during the outbreak phase, influenced the mental health of patients over a long-term period. Mental health support among the infected subjects and efforts to reduce stigma may improve recovery from psychological distress in an EID outbreak.