bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH SERVICE RECOVERY TERHADAP LOYALITAS KONSUMEN MELALUI KEPUASAN KONSUMEN SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING (Studi pada Nasabah Bank BRI Cabang Malang)
Authors: Himmah Shofi ‘Aliyatul
Published: June 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemulihan layanan terhadap loyalitas konsumen dengan kepuasan pelanggan sebagai variabel intervening di BRI Bank cabang Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik sampling insidental. Sampel yang diambil untuk penelitian ini adalah 100 nasabah Bank BRI Cabang Malang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis jalur. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemulihan layanan berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas pelanggan, pemulihan layanan berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pelanggan, kepuasan pelanggan mempengaruhi loyalitas pelanggan dan pemulihan layanan memiliki efek tidak langsung terhadap loyalitas pelanggan melalui kepuasan pelanggan.Kata kunci: Pemulihan Layanan, Kepuasan Pelanggan, Loyalitas Konsumen, Bank BRI, Bank BRI Cabang MalangThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of service recovery on consumer loyalty with customer satisfaction as an intervening variable at the Malang branch of BRI Bank. This research uses quantitative methods. Sampling is done using incidental sampling techniques. The samples taken for this study were 100 customers of Malang Branch BRI Bank. Data retrieval is done using a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is path analysis. This study concludes that service recovery has an effect on customer loyalty, service recovery has an effect on customer satisfaction, customer satisfaction influences customer loyalty and service recovery has an indirect effect on customer loyalty through customer satisfaction.Keywords: Service Recovery, Customer Satisfaction, Consumer Loyalty, Bank BRI, Malang Branch BRI Bank
Interpretasi Konstitusi dalam Pengujian Konstitusionalitas untuk Mewujudkan The Living Constitution
Authors: Hapsoro Fakhris Lutfianto , Ismail Ismail
Published: June 2020

Tujuan dari tulisan ini yaitu untuk menjelaskan kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi menguji konstitusionalitas undang-undang terhadap undang-undang dasar dalam hal ini kewenangan memberikan interpretasi terhadap UUD NRI 1945. Terkait dengan interpretasi konstitusi, maka suatu undang-undang dasar tidak hanya dianggap sebagai suatu documented constitution melainkan dapat bertransformasi menjadi the living constitution. Dalam praktik di Indonesia, dapat dijumpai putusan-putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi yang menggunakan interpretasi konstitusi untuk menilai konstitusionalitas suatu norma. Metode yang digunakan dalam  penelitian ini adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian ini menguraikan sejauh mana upaya hakim dalam mewujudkan the living constitution melalui interpretasi hakim dalam pengujian konstitusionalitas. Dalam menafsirkan konstitusi, hakim bebas menggunakan metode interpretasi apapun. Namun kebebasan memilih dan menggunakan metode interpretasi tersebut harus tetap berada dalam koridor Pancasila dan UUD 1945. Hakim harus cermat, mampu memperhatikan, menggali hakekat atau merefleksikan suatu ketentuan pasal di dalam UUD sesuai dengan nilai-nilai Pancasila dan UUD 1945.
Selective Abstention in Simultaneous Elections: Understanding the Turnout Gap
Authors: Dehdari Sirus , Meriläinen Jaakko , Oskarsson Sven
Published: June 2020

If two elections are held at the same day, why do some people choose to vote in one but to abstain in another? We argue that selective abstention is driven by same factors that determine voter turnout. Our empirical analysis focuses on Sweden where the turnout gap between local and national elections has been about 2-3%. Rich administrative registry data reveal that people from higher socio-economic backgrounds, immigrants, women, older individuals, and people who have been less geographically mobile are less likely to selectively abstain.
Electro-Osmotic Behavior of Polymeric Cation-Exchange Membranes in Ethanol-Water Solutions
Authors: Barragán V. María , Villaluenga Juan P. G. , Morales-Villarejo Víctor , Izquierdo-Gil M. Amparo
Published: June 2020

The aim of this work is to apply linear non-equilibrium thermodynamics to study the electrokinetic properties of three cation-exchange membranes of different structures in ethanol-water electrolyte solutions. To this end, liquid uptake and electro-osmotic permeability were estimated with potassium chloride ethanol-water solutions with different ethanol proportions as solvent. Current–voltage curves were also measured for each membrane system to estimate the energy dissipation due to the Joule effect. Considering the Onsager reciprocity relations, the streaming potential coefficient was discussed in terms of ethanol content of the solutions and the membrane structure. The results showed that more porous heterogeneous membrane presented lower values of liquid uptake and streaming potential coefficient with increasing ethanol content. Denser homogeneous membrane showed higher values for both, solvent uptake and streaming coefficient for intermediate content of ethanol.
Challenges and Applications of Emerging Nonvolatile Memory Devices
Authors: Banerjee Writam
Published: June 2020

Emerging nonvolatile memory (eNVM) devices are pushing the limits of emerging applications beyond the scope of silicon-based complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS). Among several alternatives, phase change memory, spin-transfer torque random access memory, and resistive random-access memory (RRAM) are major emerging technologies. This review explains all varieties of prototype and eNVM devices, their challenges, and their applications. A performance comparison shows that it is difficult to achieve a “universal memory” which can fulfill all requirements. Compared to other emerging alternative devices, RRAM technology is showing promise with its highly scalable, cost-effective, simple two-terminal structure, low-voltage and ultra-low-power operation capabilities, high-speed switching with high-endurance, long retention, and the possibility of three-dimensional integration for high-density applications. More precisely, this review explains the journey and device engineering of RRAM with various architectures. The challenges in different prototype and eNVM devices is disused with the conventional and novel application areas. Compare to other technologies, RRAM is the most promising approach which can be applicable as high-density memory, storage class memory, neuromorphic computing, and also in hardware security. In the post-CMOS era, a more efficient, intelligent, and secure computing system is possible to design with the help of eNVM devices.
Aromatic Polyketides from a Symbiotic Strain Aspergillus fumigatus D and Characterization of Their Biosynthetic Gene D8.t287
Authors: Hua Yi , Pan Rui , Bai Xuelian , Wei Bin , Chen Jianwei , Wang Hong , Zhang Huawei
Published: June 2020

The chemical investigation of one symbiotic strain, Aspergillus fumigatus D, from the coastal plant Edgeworthia chrysantha Lindl led to the isolation of eight compounds (1–8), which were respectively identified as rubrofusarin B (1), alternariol 9-O-methyl ether (2), fonsecinone D (3), asperpyrone A (4), asperpyrone D (5), fonsecinone B (6), fonsecinone A (7), and aurasperone A (8) by a combination of spectroscopic methods (1D NMR and ESI-MS) as well as by comparison with the literature data. An antimicrobial assay showed that these aromatic polyketides exhibited no remarkable inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli, Staphyloccocus aureus and Candida albicans. The genomic feature of strain D was analyzed, as well as its biosynthetic gene clusters, using antibiotics and Secondary Metabolite Analysis Shell 5.1.2 (antiSMASH). Plausible biosynthetic pathways for dimeric naphtho-γ-pyrones 3–8 were first proposed in this work. A non-reducing polyketide synthase (PKS) gene D8.t287 responsible for the biosynthesis of these aromatic polyketides 1–8 was identified and characterized by target gene knockout experiment and UPLC-MS analysis.
Letter to the Editor: Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus 1B Invasion and Epidemic Control—South Texas, 1971
Authors: McLean Robert G.
Published: June 2020

The epidemic strain of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE) 1B invaded south Texas in 1971. The success of the eventual containment and control of the virus invasion was the early recognition and immediate detection, cooperation, coordination, and participation among multiple federal agencies. There were 4739 wild vertebrate animals trapped on a ranch in the area with only 1 VEE virus isolation from a Virgina opossum (Didelphis virginiana). A large number of mosquitoes were also collected on the ranch and tested, resulting in 240 VEE virus isolations. Virus isolations were obtained from 58% of the 33 equines tested. Wild vertebrates did not play a significant role in the outbreak.
Entomofauna de Merremia quinquefolia y Tribulus cistoides en la Planicie de Maracaibo, estado Zulia
Authors: Vera Antonio , Maldonado Rafael , García Mauricio
Published: June 2020

El artículo determinó la entomofauna de Merremia quinquefolia y Tribulus cistoides en la Planicie de Maracaibo, estado Zulia. Se realizaron 36 muestreos semanales (mayo, junio, julio, noviembre y diciembre 2017-enero, febrero, marzo y abril 2018), de 7:00 a 9:00 a.m. y de 10:00 a.m. a 12:00 m., en diez plantas de cada especie. Los insectos fueron determinados por entomólogos y comparación con muestras de museo. Se determinaron 5 órdenes, 21 familias y 41 morfoespecies (13 polinizadores y 28 visitantes). En M. quinquefolia y T. cistoides se registraron 15 y 34 morfoespecies respectivamente. Todos los polinizadores resultaron himenópteros (12 abejas y 1 avispa). Las abejas polinizadoras tuvieron contacto con anteras y estigmas, tiempo de visita floral mayor e igual a 5 seg. y presentaron polen en cabeza, patas, región ventral y tórax. Los coleópteros, dípteros, hemípteros y lepidópteros mostraron comportamientos de visitantes. Esta investigación aporta a la entomofauna de comunidades vegetales semiáridas.
Swarm Intelligence Approach to QRS Detection
Authors: Belkadi Mohamed , Daamouche Abdelhamid
Published: June 2020

The QRS detection is a crucial step in ECG signal analysis; it has a great impact on the beats segmentation and in the final classification of the ECG signal. The Pan-Tompkins is one of the first and best-performing algorithms for QRS detection. It performs filtering for noise suppression, differentiation for slope dominance, and thresholding for decision making. All of the parameters of the Pan-Tompkins algorithm are selected empirically. However, we think that the Pan-Tompkins method can achieve better performance if the parameters were optimized. Therefore, we propose an adaptive algorithm that looks for the best set of parameters that improves the Pan-Tompkins algorithm performance. For this purpose, we formulate the parameter design as an optimization problem within a particle swarm optimization framework. Experiments conducted on the 24 hours recording of the MIT/BIH arrhythmia benchmark dataset achieved an overall accuracy of 99.83% which outperforms the state-of-the-art time-domain algorithms
Editorial
Authors: Novaes Marcus , Wunder Alik
Published: June 2020

Editorial
Erken Dönem Kilise Babalarından Aziz Polycarp’ın Hıristiyanlık Anlayışı ve Hıristiyan İlahiyatına Etkisi
Authors: KARTOPU Ayşe
Published: June 2020

Havari Yuhanna’nın öğrencisi olan ve
Anadolu’da yetişmiş kilise babalarından birisi olan Aziz Polycarp’ın
Hristiyanlık anlayışını ve Hristiyan ilahiyatına etkisini araştırmak bu
çalışmanın konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Yuhanna İncilinin Vahiy kitabında adı
geçen Yedi Kilise, tarihte küçük Asya olarak da anılan Anadolu’da, bugün Ege
bölgesi sınırları içerisinde bulunmaktadır. Bu yedi kiliseden birisi olan İzmir
(Symrna) kilisesi, günümüze ulaşmış ve yedi kiliseler içinde halen ibadete açık
tek kilise olması sebebiyle önemlidir ve Aziz Polycarp’a atfedilmiştir.
Yaşadığı süre içerisinde Hıristiyanlığı yaşama ve yaşatma çabası ve gayreti
içerisinde olan Polycarp; fedakârlığı ve Havariler geleneğine olan vefası ile
çevresindekilere örnek olmuş, “Asya’nın önderi”, “Hıristiyanların Babası”
nitelemeleriyle anılmıştır. İzmir’de bulunan ve günümüzde halen açık olan İzmir’in
en eski kilisesi olan Aziz Polycarp kilisesi de onun ne kadar çok sevilen ve
saygı duyulan bir şahsiyet olduğunun kanıtı durumundadır.
SURVEI MOTIVASI BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK SMP TERHADAP PENGADAAN PRAKTIKUM PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA
Authors: Janah Aisyah Nurul
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengadaan praktikum IPA terhadapmotivasi belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada peserta didik SMP sebagai sampel.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif deskriptif. Instrumen pengumpulan databerupa angket motivasi belajar. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistic deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasilpenelitian, pengadaan praktikum IPA terhadap motivasi belajar peserta didik ditunjukkan dengannilai presentase pada setiap indikator sebesar 77%, 77%, 76% dan 78%. Hasil survei motivasibelajar peserta didik terhadap pengadaan praktikum IPA diperoleh rata-rata presentase sebesar77% yang masuk dalam kategori baik terhadap motivasi peserta didik.
The Indonesian Proverb of Peace: Educational Semiotics Analysis for Cultural Citizenship Literacy
Authors: Hamid Solihin Ichas , Istianti Tuti , Abdillah Fauzi
Published: June 2020

This article aims to identify, analyze, and classify verbal expressions in the Indonesian cultural environmentconsisting of Sundanese, Minangkabau, Dayak, and Sasak ethnicities. Furthermore, these results will becomethe terms of reference for the Citizenship Education learning model that is implemented thematically inelementary schools. The theme of peace is carried out through instrumentation and conceptualization of thecontents of the local wisdom message which becomes a medium of articulation of the achievement of learningoutcomes which is manifested from the tendency of values, social behavior of students in class and schooltentatively and longitudinally. The research methodology used is the ethnopedagogic approach through semioticanalysis of textual and field data sources. The source of the textual data is through the process of classification,codification, verification and semantic analysis to obtain verbal expression descriptions that describe the culturallife artifacts of ethnic units that will be subject and object of field trials and analysis. The results of thepreliminary study in this form are the classification of expressions, which then become the basis for constructingmodels of citizenship education learning in schools, which are then designed to achieve the literacy skills ofcitizenship culture and the ethos of peace in students.
KOMPARATOR DO GENERACJI ZNACZNIKÓW CZASOWYCH W UKŁADACH ODCZYTOWYCH DLA DETEKTORÓW PASKOWYCH
Authors: Kasiński Krzysztof
Published: June 2020

Artykuł prezentuje projekt niskomocowego komparatora przygotowanego dla potrzeb nadawania znaczników czasowych w wielokanałowym scalonym układzie odczytowym do detektorów paskowych. Przedstawione zostały: zarys analogowego układu front-end z dwutorowym przetwarzaniem, czynniki ograniczające dokładność wyznaczania znacznika czasowego oraz dokładny projekt 3-stopniowego komparatora zoptymalizowanego dla docelowej aplikacji.
SYSTEM TRÓJWYMIAROWEJ TOMOGRAFII POJEMNOŚCIOWEJ W ZASTOSOWANIU DO WYZNACZANIA UDZIAŁU FAZ ORAZ IDENTYFIKACJI STRUKTUR W PRZEPŁYWACH MIESZANIN GAZ-CIECZ
Authors: Banasiak Robert , Wajman Radosław , Fidos Henryk , Fiderek Paweł , Jaworski Tomasz , Nowakowski Jacek , Sankowski Dominik
Published: June 2020

W procesach przemysłowych, w których bezpośrednie monitorowanie jest utrudnione, zastosowanie nieinwazyjnego systemu tomografii pojemnościowej dla identyfikacji struktur przepływów dwufazowych mieszanin gaz-ciecz oraz wyznaczenia udziału faz jest szczególnie ważne. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań poświęconych rozwojowi nowych nieinwazyjnych metod identyfikacji i wizualizacji struktur przepływów dwufazowych. Nowe możliwości, jakie niesie ze sobą zastosowanie komputerowych technik tomograficznych w pomiarach wielkości elektrycznych, wyznaczają dziś standardy w pomiarach dynamicznych. Proponowane rozwiązanie zakłada możliwość zastosowania systemu tomograficznego do pomiaru rozkładu koncentracji poszczególnych frakcji procesu. Opracowane algorytmy pozwoliły na szybką trójwymiarową wizualizację wnętrza rurociągów, w których występują przepływy mieszanin gaz-ciecz, poprzez uzyskanie w krótkim czasie obrazów oraz ich szybką analizę i identyfikację. Taka diagnostyka może być użyteczna w kontekście przemysłowych procesów monitorowania oraz sterowania przepływami mieszanin gaz-ciecz w systemach czasu rzeczywistego.
HYBRYDOWA METODA ELEMENTÓW SKOŃCZONYCH W MODELOWANIU OBRABIARKI KCI 210/280 NM
Authors: Grzywocz Janusz
Published: June 2020

Celem artykułu jest zastosowanie hybrydowej metody elementów skończonych w modelowaniu obrabiarki KCI 210/280 NM. Z uwagi na innowacyjne zastosowanie hybrydowej metody elementów skończonych (HMES) w artykule przedstawiono sposób modelowania oraz wybrano warianty traktowania zespołów obrabiarki jako sztywnych oraz odkształcalnych. Przedstawiono również wpływ wartości elementów sprężysto-tłumiących (EST) na otrzymywane wyniki. W badaniach przeprowadzono badanie sztywności statycznej obrabiarki wzdłuż osi x oraz y. W podsumowaniu porównano otrzymywane wyniki uzyskane hybrydową (HMES) oraz klasyczną metodą elementów skończonych (MES) w odniesieniu do badań doświadczalnych.
METODY ANALIZY OBRAZU – ANALIZA OBRAZU MAMMOGRAFICZNEGO NA PODSTAWIE CECH WYZNACZONYCH Z TEKSTURY
Authors: Lazarek Jagoda
Published: June 2020

W artykule przedstawiono analizę możliwości zastosowania cech wyznaczanych z tekstury do klasyfikacji wykrytych, na obrazie mammograficznym, obszarów zainteresowania – jako obszarów niezmienionych lub zmienionych chorobowo. Cechy tekstury wyznaczono na podstawie histogramu, macierzy gradientu, macierzy długości pasm oraz macierzy zdarzeń. Klasyfikację przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem klasyfikatora k-NN. W wyniku przeprowadzonych eksperymentów poprawnie rozpoznano wszystkie zmienione chorobowo próbki.
ARTEFAKTY W MIEJSCACH PAMIĘCI - KWESTIA RESTYTUCJI EKSPONATÓW MUZEALNYCH
Authors: Mazur Anna
Published: June 2020

Dina Gottliebova-Babbit na zlecenie dr Mengele stworzyła kilka portretów, na których przedstawiła Romów. W 1963 roku zostały one zakupione przez Muzeum w Auschwitz, a 6 lat później pracownikom udało się odnaleźć ich autorkę. Już w trakcie pierwszej wizyty w obozie Dina Gottliebova chciała odzyskać swoje akwarele. Następnie przez kolejne lata prowadziła walkę o ich odzyskanie, która obecnie jest kontynuowana przez jej rodzinę. Innym przykładem wystąpienia z roszczeniem wobec Muzeum w Auschwitz jest kwestia zwrotu rodzinie walizki, która należała do Pierra Levy. Sprawę tę udało się zakończyć ugodą. W artykule zostaną podjęte rozważania dotyczące tego, czy muzealia powinny być zwracane
TABLICA PAMIĘCI SENATORÓW II RP
Authors: Zawadzki Jarosław Maciej
Published: June 2020

Historia Tablicy pamięci 150 Senatorów-Ofiar II Wojny Światowej. Tablica pamięci została odsłonięta w Senacie w roku 1999. Niektórzy z Senatorów nie mają grobów, zatem Tablica pamięci stanowi jedyne miejsce, w którym ich imiona i nazwiska zostały utrwalone. Osoby pracujące w Kancelarii Senatu po roku 1989 próbowały odszukać informacje dotyczące polskich Senatorów i ich życia w czasach wojny. Mamy w posiadaniu ciekawe dokumenty biograficzne. Są to materiały o dużej wartości ze względu na brak informacji dotyczących polskiego Senatu (1922-1939) w Archiwach Senatu. Dzięki życzliwości rodzin senatorów dysponujemy wartościową dokumantacją uzupełnioną fotografiami. 'Wirtualna Tablica pamięci' została zamieszczona na oficjalnej stronie Senatu w roku 2009 i jest uzupełniniem 'prawdziwej'. Dokumenty będące w naszym posiadaniu są pomocne dla opracowań naukowych i publikacji dotyczących historii Senatu. Kancelaria Senatu organizuje również wystawę poświęconą polskiemu parlamentyzmowi.
DYNAMICS OF POPULATIONS OF MICROORGANISMS IN CANNED CRIMPED GRAIN MAIZE WHEN IMPACT STRAINS OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA
Authors: Kravchenko N. О. , Perederiy M. G.
Published: June 2020

The dynamics of the development of microorganisms, changes in the level of acidity andthe ratio of the accumulated organic acids in canned by flattening the grain of corn wasinvestigated under the influence of strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), perspective for creationbiology preservatives.Application of the studied bacterial strains for canning rolled grain corn leads to theestablishment of optimal acidity of the feed and the ratio of organic acids, the inhibition of thegrowth and development of undesirable microorganisms. Introduction at the grain withsuspensions of the studied strains of LAB provides the maximum number of epiphytic lactic acidbacteria in the feed on the 15th day of canning with a further gradual reduction at 30th and 70htdays of the experiment. The number of lactic acid bacteria on 7th and 14th day after the openedsamples of canned rolled grain corn much higher than in the control variant (withoutprocessing).Dynamics of yeast growth in the feed under the influence of the investigated strainsof LAB characterized by their rapid development for 15th days with a gradual decline in theirnumbers in all variants at 30th and 70th days of conservation. The least number of yeasts isobserved on 14th day after the opening and air access in rolled grain treated with strains L.plantarum L32 and L. plantarum L18/1.
SPREAD OF VIRAL DISEASES OF POTATOES IN AGROCENOSIS OF THE CARPATHIAN ECONOMIC AREA
Authors: Reshotko L. M. , Dmitruk O. O. , Volkova I. V.
Published: June 2020

Objective. Determine the phytovirological condition of potato crops in the agrocenosis of Carpathian economic area on the basis of obtaining and systematisation of data on the composition of the viral population. Methods. The methods of visual and serological diagnostics, electronic microscopy (EM) of native specimens, biotesting were used to detect and identify potato viruses. For carrying out serological analyses, antisera were used to detect potato viruses obtained in the Virology Laboratory of the Institute of Agricultural Microbiology and Agroindustrial Manufacture of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Results. The high level of contamination of potato plants by viral diseases was shown in western Ukraine in the Carpathian economic are, which includes the Region of Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Zakarpattia and Chernivtsi. According to the results of immunological studies in plants of examined varieties of potatoes of Ukrainian and foreign breeding, M-, S-, Y-potato viruses were identified, both as mono-infection and in the composition of pathogenic complexes. It was found that the spread of viral infection in potato varieties reaches 25-100%, latent damage to plants — 53%. The results of field testing show a high degree of contamination of potato crops and a change in the species composition of viral pathogens. In 2019, 68.7% of the selected plant material was identified as contaminated by MPV, 50% — by YPV and 40.6% — by SPV. No X- and A-viruses of potato previously diagnosed in potato agrocenoses were detected. Analysis of varietal samples revealed viruses in plants of 87.5% of varieties: in most samples the M-virus of potatoes was detected both with manifestation of twisting, wrinkling of leaves, weak mosaic in pathogenic complexes (MPV + SPV — 15.6%; MPV + YPV — 15.6%; MPV + SPV + YPV) and in case of latent infection (37.5%). Y potato virus was found in plants 50.0% for the manifestation of mosaic in the pathogenic complexes MPV + YPV — 15.6%; SPV + YPV — 6.2%; MPV + SPV + YPV — 18.7% and monoinfection — 9.37%. Conclusion. The spread of potato viral diseases in the agrocenoses of western Ukraine necessitates the careful protection and constant phytovirological control of seed material, detection of viral pathologies, identification of their pathogens using laboratory methods and modern diagnostic means.
Torrefaction of Plantain (Musa paradisiaca) Fruit Bunch Biomass
Authors: Ola F.A , Jimoh F.A , Okeyode I.T , Ogunsola D.A
Published: June 2020

This study presents the effects of torrefaction conditions on the characteristics of the solid torrefied product from plantain fruit bunch biomass consisting of plantain fruit peel and peduncle. The torrefaction experiment was conducted on biomass samples diced into 5 – 10 mm sizes using a torrefaction device which includes a gallencamb electric furnace and metal can reactors. The biomass samples were torrefied at temperatures ranging from 200 to 300 °C and residence periods from 1to 3 hr without the application of inert gas. Visual images of the raw and torrefied products were observed and analyzed in terms of their solid yields and then characterized (moisture content, fixed carbon, volatile matter and ash content) at two torrefaction temperatures using the standard methods of analysis of Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Visual image observation indicates that surface color of the torrefied products changes with increasing torrefaction conditions. Torrefied solid product yield decreases with an increase in the torrefaction conditions and the plantain peel had higher yield than the peduncle. Torrefied peel product at 200 and 250 °C had higher moisture content (13.2, 11.3 %) and fixed carbon content (18.0, 14.4 %), while torrefied peduncle product had higher volatile matter (61.2, 62.3 %) and ash content (21.1, 22.5 %), respectively.
Groundwater Potential Mapping in Relation to Performance of Boreholes in
Weathered/Fractured Basement at Afe Babalola University Ado Ekiti Nigeria
Authors: Oyegoke S.O , Adebanjo A.S , Ayeni O.O , Olowe K.O
Published: June 2020

This research was carried out with the aim to check the validity and efficiency of the existing groundwater potential map of Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti (ABUAD). The performance rating of the drilled boreholes that spread across the institution was used to validate the groundwater potential map produced by Ademilua and Eluwole in 2013. Forty (40) boreholes that were drilled in the institution were evaluated and overlaid on the existing groundwater potential map with their coordinates serially numbered. From the results obtained, it was observed that in locations designated as having good to moderate groundwater yield (potential) on the map, 21 of drilled boreholes were active, 11 were failed/dry boreholes, meanwhile, for the locations designated as having poor groundwater yield, four of drilled boreholes were active while another four were
failed/dry boreholes. This result gives a 62.5% performance rating that the existing groundwater potential map can serve as a useful guide for the purpose of site selection for groundwater exploitation but for optimal usage, an improved map is required.
Effects of Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate with Quarry Dust on Concrete Properties
Authors: Ajamu S.O , Raheem I.A , Attah S.B , Onicha J.O
Published: June 2020

Natural river sand is one of the important constituent materials in concrete production while stone dust is a material obtained from crusher plants which is also sometimes being used either partially or fully in replacement of natural river sand in concrete production. Use of stone dust in concrete not only improves the quality of concrete but also conserve the natural river sand. However, due its scarcity and environmental degradation caused resulting from excessive mining of Natural river sand, there is need to investigate an alternative material of the same quality which can replace river sand in concrete production. In the present study, experiments were carried out to study the gradation of aggregates, workability, compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete made using quarry dust as replacement of fine aggregate at 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%. Grade M15 of concrete was produced with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) for referral concrete while M25 of concrete was prepared for compressive strength and split tensile strength concrete. Workability and Compressive strength were determined at different replacement level of fine aggregate and optimum replacement level was determined based on compressive strength. Results showed that by replacing 50% of fine aggregate with quarry dust, concrete of maximum compressive strength can be produced as compared to all other replacement levels. The effect of quarry dust on compressive strength and split tensile strength was investigated and from the overall result obtained, it was observed that the compressive strength and split tensile strength increased significantly for all the curing ages from 0% to 50% replacement level of quarry dust. Maximum value obtained for 28day compressive and tensile strength were 25N/mm2 and 2.3N/mm2 respectively and this occurred at 50% replacement.
Investigating the Performance of Palm Kernel Shells and Periwinkle Shells as Coarse Aggregates in Concrete
Authors: Oladiran O.J , Simeon D.R , Olatunde O.A
Published: June 2020

Excessive usage of materials is causing fast depletion of natural stone deposit. This study therefore investigates the performance of palm kernel shells (PKS) and periwinkle shells (PS) as alternatives coarse aggregates in concrete. Forty cubes and 40 cylinders each were produced with PKS and PS as replacement materials for granite. Series of tests were conducted to determine their performances. The results showed that, compressive and tensile strengths decrease as PKS and PS content increases, which allow specific area to increase, thus requiring more cement paste to bond effectively with the shells. The result also revealed that for all curing ages, palm kernel shell concrete (PKSC) have lower compressive strength and tensile strength than periwinkle shell concrete (PSC). The compressive strength and tensile strength of the 28-day PKSC with 100% replacement were 4.33 N/mm2 and 3.68 N/mm2 respectively; that of PSC at 100% replacement were 5.89 N/mm2 and 4.95 N/mm2 respectively; and granite concrete without any replacement were 25.11 N/mm2 and 11.74 N/mm2 respectively. It is concluded that both PKSC and PSC satisfied the compressive strength and tensile strength requirement of light weight concrete, although PS has better gradation and bonding to cement than PKS. This implies that PS is best suited as replacement for granite in lightweight concrete than PKS. It is recommended that the mix-ratio should be altered to get higher values of compressive strength; and both PKS and PS should be used for lightweight concretes.
A Review of Sanitation Challenges in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Olanrewaju S.O , Afolabi M.B
Published: June 2020

Increasing population explosion in Nigerian cities has been accompanied with diverse environmental challenges. One of the variants of such challenges is poor sanitation practices which persist despite series of governmental interventions. It is against this background that in this study, various sanitation challenges in Ibadan metropolis were evaluated with a view to proffering recommendations that will aid the achievement of best sanitation practices and a healthy city. In this study, secondary data were utilized and were sourced from environmental based journals and databanks of government agencies. A critical review of the existing situation revealed that population explosion coupled with high illiteracy rate of the inhabitants of Ibadan metropolis affects their waste management and sanitation practices. Also, many sanitation approaches in the city failed because they were not community oriented, hence citizen participation is minimal. A holistic community-based approach of sanitation practice through the involvement of traditional rulers and community-based organizations and sensitization programme using indigenous language is therefore recommended.
Applying a GIS based DRASTIC Model in the Assessment of Risk to Groundwater Resources Within the Underlying Aquifers in Part of Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Oladeji O.S
Published: June 2020

Lagos, Nigeria is one of the megacities in Africa with an estimated annual growth rate of 8%, and its socio-economic growth has continually encouraged influx of people into the city. Hence, this has increased pressure on the underlying water resources with implications for public health and ecological related issues. In this study, anthropogenic induced risk posed to water resources within the underlying aquifers in part of Lagos State, Nigeria, was evaluated using qualitative DRASTIC modelling approach. Geo-hydrological data were acquired for site characterization and setting up of the model. The geology indicated multi-layered aquifer horizons, with extensive lateral lithological variations. The topography ranges between 1.5 and 60 m above mean sea level (amsl). The depth to groundwater is shallow, typically less than 1 m in the south, and a maximum depth of 20 m below ground level, in the north. A vulnerability map was developed from the cumulated sum of the DRASTIC index values. Anthropogenic activities within the study area were super-imposed on the vulnerability map to generate a risk map. The results show that 1% of the study area is designated as High-Vulnerability-High-Risk area. Also, High-Vulnerability-Medium-Risk and Medium-Vulnerability-High-Risk constitute 3% each of the area, while 16% and 25% were designated as Medium-Vulnerability-Medium-Risk and Low-Vulnerability-Medium-Risk, respectively. Although, based on the DRASTIC input parameters, approximately 75% of the area is designated as high and medium vulnerability, however absence of risk activities suggests no risk is posed to the underlying groundwater resource in approximately 52% of this delineated subarea.
Potability of Harvested Rainwater in Oluyole Industrial Area of Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Olaoye R.O , Oladeji O.S , Olaniyan O.S , Salawu A.M
Published: June 2020

Most industries produce emissions in the generation of energy and during production, these industrial emissions is one of the leading causes of gradual or rapid change in atmospheric conditions that pose serious threat to the purity of rainwater. Rainwater is a sustainable natural resource for domestic, industrial and agricultural water supply. It is also a renewable resource whose purity in time and space is limited by climatic and environmental factors. This paper assesses the quality of rainwater harvested in Oluyole Industrial Estate, Ibadan, Nigeria, with a view to ascertain its fitness for drinking as resident rely on its supply during the raining season. Rainwater samples were collected directly from the sky and from roof catchments in three randomly selected locations within the industrial area in labeled sterile containers for three months (July-September). The samples were tested for physico-chemical and bacteriological concentrations against WHO water standard. The characterization revealed that the physical parameters were unobjectionable though samples collected from roof sources contained tiny fluffy particles. The range of pH value obtained was 6.6 + 0.5, indicating slight acidity due to oxides of nitrogen from lightning strikes, or oxides of carbon and sulphur in the air. Traces of heavy metals (Lead, Zinc) indicates slight toxicity but within the threshold. Bacteriological concentrations were above the WHO drinking water standard. The results of this study indicate that rainwater harvesting within this industrial estate require treatment for potable use.
Stabilization of Lateritic Soil Admixed with Maize Husk Ash
Authors: Oluremi J.R , Fagbenro K.O , Osuolale O.M , Olawale A.M
Published: June 2020

Lateritic soil is one of the major construction materials in road pavement. However, obtaining lateritic soil with sufficient strength is difficult, which may necessitate its improvement by stabilization. Lateritic soil, in this study, was stabilized with upto 12% Maize Husk Ash (MHA) by weight of soil samples, with a view of improving its geotechnical properties and assessing it as subbase materials. Classification tests (particle size analysis, specific gravity, Atterbergs limits) and strength index tests (compaction, california bearing ratio (CBR), unconfined compression test (UCS) were performed on both the natural and the MHA-stabilized soil samples. The grain size analysis shows that the percentage passing No. 200 BS sieve was 47.7% for the natural lateritic soil and between 50 and 62.1% for MHA stabilized lateritic soil. The liquid limit, plastic limit and plasticity index are in the range of 61 to 76%, 28 to 53% and 16 to 37% respectively. Also, the maximum dry densities increased, while the optimum water content decreased with increase in the MHA content. The CBR value of the lateritic soil increased with MHA content up till 6% addition of MHA and thereafter decreased, while higher UCS value was obtained up till 3% and then decreased with increasing content of MHA. The results indicated that the MHA stabilized lateritic soil could only be used as subgrade and fill materials.
Choice and Construction Preference of Ceramic Tile for Floor Finishes in Residential Houses: A Case Study of Ogbomoso Nigeria
Authors: Ajayi O.O
Published: June 2020

The quality of finishes of housing space is imperative for the achievement of a qualitative living environment. Preferences and choices of floor finishes for interior spaces in residential settings in Nigeria cannot be overemphasized. Difference in taste of individuals in choosing floor finishes can be said to be the factor that predicts the quality of a building. Flooring is an important part of the building to ensure foot comfort and it is influenced by the choice made by the users. The study was carried out to determine people’s perceptions on the preference for use of ceramic tiles as floor finish in their residential buildings. This study considered One Hundred and Thirty Two (132) residential dwellings in Ogbomoso North and South local government in Nigeria, but only One Hundred and Twenty Two Questionnaires were available for analysis. The One Hundred and Twenty Two (122) respondents who were the owner’s of their residents were randomly sampled via a questionnaire instruments to determine the perceptions on the use of ceramic tiles. The data obtained were subjected to multivariate statistical analysis of mean (X) and chi-square(X’) based on two hypotheses to find correlation between the respondents perception and their visual quality. Results showed that there is no significant relationship between the acceptance of ceramic tiles for floor finishes and status of the respondent. The most preferred flooring material irrespective of the income group for most of the housing space was ceramic tiles favored by sixty five (65) respondents. This study however provides a motivational reason while respondents preferred to finish their floors with materials that will be easy to maintain at minimal cost and effort.
Geotechnical Characterization of Sub-Soil within Ladoke Akintola University of
Technology, Ogbomoso-Nigeria
Authors: Ige J.A
Published: June 2020

This study investigates geotechnical characterizations of sub-soil within LAUTECH community as well as the relevant engineering characteristics were evaluated to enable appropriate foundation design. Nine (9) soil samples were obtained at 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0m using boring methods from three locations: LAUTECH Security Unit,(LSU:N8°5.977; E4 10.112), LAUTECH Chapel, (LC:N8° 07.756; E004’ 12.981), and LAUTECH Software Building, (LSB: N8° 09.986; E4’15.781′). The samples were subjected to visual examination and subsequently geotechnical tests in accordance to British Standards BS 1377, (2000). The tests were Specific Gravity (SG), Particle Size Distribution Analyses (PSDA), Liquid Limit (LL), Plastic Limit (PL), and Compaction test using British Standard Light (BSL) compactive effort, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS). The samples from all the locations varied from light brown sand to reddish gravel. The SG values for LSU, LSB and LC were (2.66, 2.63, 2.37); (2.68, 2.59, 2.60); (2.48, 2.67, 2.43), respectively, while the grain size varied from fine to coarse. The LL values obtained for LSU, LSB and LC were 38.0, 37.0, 44.0% and 34.0, 32.0, 35.0%, while the corresponding PL values were 21.0, 26.0, 28.0%, and 24.0, 20.0, 21.0%, respectively. The maximum dry density values were (1.94, 1.66, 1.38; 2.38, 2.23, 1.93; 2.02, 2.12, 1.77) g/cm’and OMC values were (13.5, 17.2, 19.2; 11.6, 16.4, 13.8; 12.1, 9.4, 14.0) %, respectively. The ranges of CBR values for the soaked and un-soaked samples for LSU, LSB and LC were 26.0 – 38.0; 36 – 52; 26.0 – 59.0%, and 61 – 74; 71 – 85; 56 – 70%, respectively. The UCS values for the disturbed and undisturbed samples were (363 ~ 865; 497 ~ 694; 202 ~ 596) kN/w and (396 ~ 831; 427 ~ 726; 236 – 732) KNAm’. The samples obtained from LSU and LC were classified as A-2, while LSB sample was classified as A-4 and A-6. The samples obtained at (1m) depths within LAUTECH Community are suitable as sub-grade materials. Hence, stabilization is recommended at further depths prior to their applications for engineering purposes.
Correlates of Peri-Urban Architecture in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Odunjo O.O
Published: June 2020

Peri-urban architecture refers to the architecture that has both urban and rural characteristics. In Nigeria, housing is daily becoming a mirage for the generality of the people in the urban areas, while the peri-urban area is developing rapidly. This paper therefore, assesses the correlates of Peri-urban architecture in Ibadan, Southwest, Nigeria. A total of 2,646 Questionnaires were administered to house owners through multi-stage sampling technique which was complemented with field observation. Both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were employed in the presentation of the findings; Multiple Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was used to analyse the relationship between socio-economic characteristics of house owners measured by gender (X,), religion (X,), educational background (X,) and employment status (X,), while peri-urban architecture was depicted by wall materials characterised by sandcrete block (Y,), mud (Y,) and brick (Y,). Most of the respondents (51.7%) practiced Christianity, while 65.7% were male. Also, 35.0% had HND/1°/ Postgraduate degree and 10.4% were self-employed. The significant house types in the area were flat bungalow (38.9%) and Brazilian bungalow (37.9%); 40.6% houses were uncompleted and inhabited. MANOVA shows a significant relationship between sandcrete block and educational background (X,) with p=0.0000 Thus, educational background of respondents determined the utilisation of sandcrete block as walling material; house owners that used sandcrete block had HND/1°/ Postgraduate degree. Also, employment status played significant roles in the choice of mud material with p=0.0000 and respondents that were unemployed stay in mud houses more than any other socio-economic groups. The study suggests that, government should subsidize cost of building materials as well as encourage the use of alternative building materials so as to ease housing problems.
Indices of solid Wastes Environmental Impacts in Ilorin East Local Government Area using GaBi, modeling Tool
Authors: Oluwanisola R.T , Ojoawo S.O
Published: June 2020

The problems of solid waste in Ilorin East Local Government Area (LGA) of Kwara State are uncontrolled dumping of wastes in the environment, lack of standard landfill and poorly located dumpsites. In this paper, the life-cycle of solid wastes in Horin East Local Government Area of Kwara State was examined using GaBi, modeling tool and the implications of their environmental impacts were identified. Three major dumpsites viz: Apado, Agbeyangi, and Oke-Oyi were selected and the concentration levels of CH, CO, SO, and CO gases were measured using ToxiRae gas sampler. Two waste management scenarios were developed and compared using GaBi,software version. Scenario 1 involved collection, transportation and landfilling, while Scenario 2 involved collection, transportation, and incineration. The impact indices determined for both scenarios were Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification Potential (AP), Eutrophication Potential (EP) and Ozone layer Depletion Potential (ODP) using the Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and other Environmental Impacts (TRACI) of the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Methodology of the Centre for Environmental Studies (CML) of the University of Leiden in the GaBi, software version. The impact indices of landfilling scenario for GWP, AP, EP, and ODP were 2.63(kgCO, Equiv.), 1.50E-03 (kgSO,Equiv.), 3.22E-03(kg Phosphate Equiv.) and 9.98E-12(kg CFC 11-Equiv.), respectively. Those of the impacts of incineration scenario for GWP, AP, EP, and ODP were 3.32(kgCO, Equiv.), 9.20E-04(kgSO,Equiv.), 3.72E-04(kg Phosphate Equiv.) and 2.49E-08(kg CFC 11-Equiv.), respectively. Landfilling of wastes poses a lesser burden on the environment, using ODP index, as compared to incineration and therefore recommended for use in the study area.
Noise Impact Assessment of Thermal Plant Facilities on Receptor Environments
Authors: Olu-Arotiowa O.A , Adeniran J.A , Yusuf R.O , Abdulraheem M.O , Aremu A.S
Published: June 2020

Noise pollution is considered as a serious environmental nuisance in the urban areas. This study has used the VDI code 2714 to investigate the impacts of the noise from all the power generation and ancilliary facilities in the proposed Independent Power Plant, Agbara, Ogun State receptor environment. Kriging interpolation method in SurferR 8.0 software to predict noise emission levels within the fence line of the proposed Independent Power Plant. Calculations of possible noise levels at some receptors locations around the plant were carried out using the VDI code 2714. Four operation scenarios were considered in this study. The scenarios considered include: Noise emission from power generation facilities only (Scenario 1); Noise from the use of Compressors and Transformers (Scenario 2); Noise emission from the operation of power generation and ancillary equipment (Scenario 3); and Noise emission from the use of Backup Generators (Scenario 4). The maximum noise from the four scenarios were 112.34, 114.58, 116.61 and 110.01 dB(A), respectively, which is above the 8-hour 90 dB(A) limit recommended by the Federal Ministry of Environment (FMEnv). The operation of the proposed power plant will not have significant impact on the receptor environments except for Karogbaji which receives less than 12 dB(A) for the worst-case scenario (Scenario 3). The modeling results show that the predicted noise levels generated by the proposed operation would generally be within the established noise criteria at all the receptor locations under all conditions.