bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-Motor Features of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Chowdhury Abhishek , Mukherjee Adreesh , Sinharoy Uma , Pandit Alak , Biswas Atanu
Published: May 2021

Introduction:

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of motor neurons. Spread of pathology to other brain areas leads to development of non-motor symptoms (NMSs). These usually remain undiagnosed because of overwhelming motor problem and are responsible for significant distress to the patient. Our objective was to explore the burden of various NMSs of patients with ALS, compare between limb-onset and bulbar-onset patients, and to correlate with severity and duration of disease.

Methods:

Fifty patients with ALS diagnosed according to revised El Escorial Criteria and 50 healthy controls were included in this study. They were assessed with NMS Questionnaire, Beck's Depression Inventory, Center for Neurologic Study-Lability Scale, Drooling Frequency and Severity Scale, Epworth Sleepiness scale, Bengali Mental State Examination, and Frontal Assessment Battery and relevant statistical analyses were carried out.

Results:

The patients with ALS had significantly increased prevalence of almost all NMSs compared to controls. There was also significant increase in depression, suicidal ideation, pseudobulbar affect, and daytime sleepiness in patients with ALS. The bulbar onset subgroup had significantly increased daytime drooling, dysphagia, nausea and vomiting, whereas the limb onset subgroup reported increased frequency of leg swelling. Executive dysfunction was detected in 24% of patients with ALS and 9.8% had mild cognitive impairment. Weight loss, frequency of falling, insomnia, unpleasant nocturnal leg sensations, difficulty having sex, depression, and cognitive impairment increased significantly with an increase in severity of the disease.

Conclusion:

NMSs were significantly more prevalent in patients with ALS. Some NMSs worsened with advancement of the disease.
Successful management of acquired pinhole subglottic stenosis by multidisciplinary pediatric airway team
Authors: Khilnani Praveen , Singha Chandrashekhar , Ohri Ankur , Goyal Rakhee , Sinha Shandip K , Sabharwal Anup
Published: May 2021

The concept of neonatal and pediatric airway team is somewhat new in India. : In Western countries, though this concept has been established recently, it remains only limited to children's hospitals. We report the case of a 15-month-old girl with failure to thrive and critical life-threatening severe subglottic stenosis. She was managed in a comprehensive manner by multidisciplinary pediatric airway team at a tertiary-level children's hospital.
Plastic bronchitis after Fontan surgery presenting as recurrent life-threating airway obstruction
Authors: Pujar Madhu S. , Mikkilineni Vineela
Published: May 2021

Plastic bronchitis, a rare but serious clinical condition, is commonly seen after Fontan surgeries in children. It may be a manifestation of suboptimal adaptation to the diversion of systemic blood flow directly into the pulmonary circulation, thereby leading to unfavorable hemodynamics, which causes the formation of bronchial casts. We hereby report a child who had not responded to conventional medical management of the bronchial casts. He was then subjected to cardiac catheterization where balloon dilatation of the Fontan fenestration was done, following which he remained asymptomatic for 3 months of follow-up.
Respiratory acidosis and alkalosis
Authors: Mittal Kundan , Aggarwal H. K. , Rungta N. , Patki Vinayak
Published: May 2021

Respiratory illnesses and failure are common in pediatric population compared to adults due to anatomical and physiological differences in respiratory system. Respiratory acidosis is commonly seen in intensive care settings and needs immediate attention. Treatment depends on underlying pathology and mechanical ventilation. Respiratory alkalosis is least common only mainly iatrogenic or child is hyperventilating.
Pharmacological Management of Hyperlipidemia in Older Individuals
Authors: Tsu Laura V. , Carroll Kacey , Kindler Katee , Early Nicole
Published: May 2021

Objective: To provide an up-to-date review of current hyperlipidemia guidelines and discuss pharmacotherapeutic management of hyperlipidemia in older individuals. Data Sources: A PubMed search of articles published through October 2020 was performed using
a combination of the following words: older adults, hyperlipidemia, statin, ezetimibe, fibrate, fish oil, niacin, bile acid sequestrant, and proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor. Study Selection/Data Extraction: Relevant original research, review
articles, and guidelines were assessed for the management of hyperlipidemia in the older individuals. References from the above literature were also evaluated. Articles were selected for inclusion based on relevance to the topic, detailed methods, and complete results. Data Synthesis:
Hyperlipidemia is a common chronic disease state in the elderly population, though there is limited evidence for clinical outcomes in older people when compared withwith the general adult population. Statins have the most evidence for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular
disease in older people, though ezetimibe and PCSK9 inhibitors have a role as add-on or monotherapy in patients who do not tolerate statins. Conclusion: Optimal management of hyperlipidemia in older people is important in order to avoid further complications and improve
outcomes. Pharmacists can help improve management in the elderly by incorporating up-to-date evidence from guidelines and providing medication education specifically for this population.
Editorial message
Authors: Abraham Haileamlak
Published: May 2021

Editorial message
Improving Self-Care Management in Patients with Breast Cancer through Health Literacy Promotion
Authors: Isa Ahmadzadeh  , Mohammadhiwa Abdekhoda  , Mahmud Bejani
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Self-care is one of the most important principles of life and the successful treatment of patients diagnosed with cancer. Also, the first step and the most effective factor for self-care is health literacy. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between level of health literacy and self-care ability in patients diagnosed with breast cancer.METHOD: Using an analytical-descriptive approach, the present study was conducted using a random access method among 120 patients diagnosed with breast cancer referring to Imam Reza Hospital of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, during 2019. The data was gathered using two standard self-care questionnaires in patients diagnosed with breast cancer (SCHFIV6.2) and Health Literacy for Iranian Adults (HELIA). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS v22, through Pearson correlation tests and linear regression analysis.RESULTS: The results indicate a positive and significant relationship among dimensions of health literacy including access, reading, appraisal, decision, and understanding, and dimensions of self-care including self-care maintenance, self-care management, and self-care confidence. Other findings show that reading, access and decisions have a direct and significant effect on self-care ability (P-value ≤0.01).CONCLUSION: With regard to the direct and significant relationship of health literacy and self-care dimensions in patients diagnosed with breast cancer, enhancing their health literacy can result in improved self-care among them. In addition, due to the increasingly high prevalence of this disease among women, improving their health literacy can be effective in the treatment of this disease or in enhancing their quality of life.
Knowledge and Attitudes about Organ Donation among Patient Companion at a Tertiary Hopsital in Ethiopia
Authors: Mahteme Bekele  , Wubshet Jote  , Tigist Workneh  , Berhanu Worku
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Worldwide, the supply of organs continues to be much less than the demand. Many studies identify poor knowledge and negative attitude about organ donation for this. The purpose of this study was to assess knowledge and attitude towards organ donation and associated factors among people who accompany patient during hospital visit at tertiary hospital in Ethiopia.METHODS: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1st to May 31, 2019, at a tertiary hospital and the only transplant center in Ethiopia. The patient companions were interviewed with structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were presented and factors associated with good knowledge and favorable attitude were assessed using Binary logistic regression.RESULTS: A total of 414 patient companion participated in the study. The mean age of the respondents was 35+13years, and 252(60.9%) were males. Forty-four (10.6%) of the study participants had good knowledge about organ donation. Male gender was significantly associated with improved knowledge (AOR=2.127 95% CI: 1.036, 4.368). A favorable attitude towards donation was found in 219(52.9%) of the study participants. Participants who had completed secondary education were more likely to have unfavorable attitude towards organ donation (AOR=0.498, 95% CI: 0.290, 0.857).CONCLUSION: Knowledge about organ donation was found to be poor, and attitudes towards organ donation were found to be unfavorable among patient companions at a major medical center in Ethiopia. Strategies focused on education of the general public and broad dissemination of information on the benefits of organ donation will be critical for improving the organ donor pool.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Precancerous Cervical Lesions among Women in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Dereje Zena  , Berhanu Elfu  , Kebadnew Mulatu
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND፡ Cervical cancer remains the most common cancer of women worldwide. Its burden is more serious in developing countries. It is also the second common cancer deaths of women in Ethiopia followed by breast cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the pooled prevalence and associated factors of precancerous cervical lesions among women in Ethiopia.METHODS: We systematically searched published and unpublished articles reported from 2010 to 2019 using a comprehensive search of electronic databases including PubMed and Google scholar for grey literature from August 1 to September 1, 2019. The methodological qualities of included studies were evaluated using Joanna Briggs Institute meta-analysis of Statistics Assessment. The pooled prevalence estimate was calculated using MedCalc software-version 19.0.7, and the pooled odd ratios for predictors was calculated using RevMan software version 5.3.RESULTS: The pooled prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions among women in Ethiopia was 13.4% (95% CI:10.63% 16.37%). Statistically significant heterogeneity between studies was detected (I2=83.1%, P < 0.001). Among all measured associated factors: numbers of women life time sexual partners > 1, OR=2.5 (95% CI:3.70,4.76), being HIV positive women, OR=2.4 (95% CI:1.33,4.61) and women having history of STI, OR=2.0 (95% CI:1.02,3.87) had statistically significant association with precancerous cervical lesions among women in EthiopiaCONCLUSION: The pooled prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions among women in Ethiopia was high as compared to the 5- year worldwide cervical cancer prevalence. Women having more than one life time sexual partners, being HIV positive women and women having history of STI had a statistically significant association with precancerous cervical lesions.
Policies and Practices Catalyzing the Use of Generic Medicines: A Systematic Search and Review
Authors: Shahmoradi Mostafa  , Mosadeghrad Ali Mohammad  , Jaafaripooyan Ebrahim
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: The use of generic medicines instead of branded, is one of the main policies to decrease the expenditures and provide access to affordable and essential medicines in low and middle-income countries. The present study aims to systematically create a comprehensive synthesis of demand-side policies, encouraging the use of generic medicines.METHODS: The study systematically searched and reviewed the articles in Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase from 1.1.2000 to 12.5.2019. A total of 6435 records were identified during this period of time (Medline (n=315), Scopus (n=4323), Web of Science (n=71) and Embase (n=1726)). All stages are conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzed (PRISMA).RESULTS: The encouraging policies and practices were classified into four categories from 44 articles analyzed, including; Prescribing, Dispensing, Patients/consumers, and healthcare organizations. Subthemes were also explored in relation to each category as; education, financial incentives, generic substitution, advertising approaches, and enforcement.CONCLUSION: Various policies should be taken into consideration to encourage successful generic medication prescribing, dispensing, and consumption in both supply and demand-side. Economic, political, socio-cultural, technological, legal, and structural factors could as such accelerate the policies’ effect. Studying the experience of successful countries can be helpful for policymakers.
Determinants of Incomplete Childhood Vaccination among Children Aged 12-23 Months in Gambela Region, Southwest Ethiopia: A Case Control Study
Authors: Asnake Mebrat  , Lamessa Dube  , Ayantu Kebede  , Zemedu Aweke
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND፡ Childhood vaccination is considered as one of the most cost-effective public health interventions. With an increasing dropout rate from vaccination, the factors for incomplete vaccination are not well explored. The objective of this study was to identify determinants of incomplete childhood vaccination.METHOD: Community based case-control study was conducted from March 1-30,2018. Cases were children who missed at least one dose of routine vaccine while controls were children who completed all recommended doses. Face-to-face interviews were used to collect data. Multivariable logistic regression was performed in order to identify determinants with 95% CI and a pvalue of <0.05.RESULT: A total of 93 cases and 185 controls were participated in the study. Not attending postnatal care [AOR=2.16, 95% CI: 1.08-4.28], household not visited by health workers [AOR=3.99,95% CI: 2.13-7.48], postponing vaccination schedules [AOR =6.15, 95% CI: 3.08 -12.27], caretakers who had misconception of vaccination [AOR = 2.90, 95% CI: 1.53-5.52], unsatisfied care takers [AOR=1.970, 95% CI:1.04-3.74] and poor knowledge about vaccines [AOR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.19-4.59] were determinants of incomplete childhood vaccination.CONCLUSION: Failure to attend postnatal care, postponing vaccination schedules, having misconception for vaccine contraindication, households not visited by health workers, caretakers who had poor knowledge about vaccines and unsatisfied caretakers were determinantsof incomplete childhood vaccination. Based on the finding, it is recommended that health education should be improved to decrease caretakers’ misconception, poor knowledge and postponement of the vaccine schedule. It is also recommended to increase health workers household visit.
Professional Institutional Engagement as a Framework for Negotiating Space for Teacher Autonomy in Authoritarian Work Environments
Authors: Wabule Alice
Published: May 2021

Teacher involvement in decision making at school leads to increased motivation, engagement and empowerment. Using the Participatory Action Research (PAR) framework to increase opportunities for teacher participation in school affairs, we found that traditional hierarchical power relations and bureaucracy are barriers to teachers’ autonomy, participation and engagement in the day-to-day decision making process. The conceptual model of Professional Institutional Engagement (PIE) was used to enable teachers to frame the challenges to autonomy and decision making within their professional practice, craft interventional strategies to mitigate them, which included open communication, reflection and dialogue within the school environment. The results highlighted that PIE provided a practical mechanism through which traditional hierarchical relations and bureaucracies were circumvented, resulting in increased collaboration, improved institutional communication; which motivated and engaged teachers.RésuméL’engagement des enseignants dans le processus de prise de décision à l’école conduit à une augmentation de motivation, engagement et affranchissement. Faisant usage du cadre de Recherche d’Action Participative (RAP) dans le but d’augmenter les opportunités pour la participation des enseignants dans la gestion de l’école, nous avons trouvé que les hiérarchies traditionnelles de relations de pouvoir ainsi que la bureaucratie sont des barrières à l’autonomie, participation et engagement des enseignants dans le processus quotidien de prise de décision. Le modèle conceptuel d’Engagement Institutionnel Professionnel (EIP) fut utilisé pour permettre aux enseignants de formuler les défis à l’autonomie et processus de prise de décision dans leur pratique professionnel, d’élaborer des stratégies interventionnelles pour les mitiger, incluant la communication ouverte, réflexion et dialogue dans le milieu scolaire. Les résultats ont montré que EIP a fourni un mécanisme pratique à travers duquel les relations hiérarchiques traditionnelles ainsi que bureaucraties étaient dépassées, résultant ainsi en une grande collaboration et une communication institutionnelle améliorée, chose qui avait motivé et engagé les enseignants.
Constraints and Performance Gap Analysis (CPGA) of Lecturers in Utilizing Smart Boards for Improving Students’ Engagement, Motivation and Learning Outcomes (SEMLOs)
Authors: Bakare Jimoh , Ariyo Samson O. , Ojo Samson A.
Published: May 2021

The study investigated the constraints and performance gap analysis of lecturers in Utilizing smart boards for improving students’ engagement, motivation and learning outcomes in technical education courses of Nigerian universities. Five research questions guided the study while the hypotheses formulated were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Population for the study was 135 experienced and less experienced lecturers in the universities that offered vocational and technical education programs. There was no sampling because of the manageable size. The instruments for data collection were structured and non-structured questionnaire. All the researchers partook in the data collection while weighted mean and improvement need index were used to answer research questions and t-test was used to test the hypotheses formulated. The study found that lecturers lack skills and competencies in setting up, operating and solving technical problems arising from Utilizing smart boards for teaching technical education courses. The study also revealed that lecturers need improvement in Utilizing smart boards for improving students’ engagement, motivation and learning outcomes in technical education courses. Recommendations include: that all the skills and competencies identified should be packaged into training program to retrain theses lecturers through workshops, seminars and short term training in the tertiary institutions.
Developing Inquiry-Based Science Activities in Early Childhood Education: An Action Research
Authors: Eti İnanç , Sığırtmaç Ayperi
Published: May 2021

This study was carried out as collaborative action research aims to develop inquiry-based science activities in early childhood education. One volunteer teacher (T2) who desired to develop inquiry-based science activities, 14 of her students and the researcher participated in action research. The action phase consisted of six action cycles that reflect the progress over time. Data were collected through interviews and observations. Inductive thematic analysis was performed on the obtained qualitative data. Results showed that during the development of inquiry-based science activities, the teacher had supportive behaviors and utterances. At first, the teacher was planning and implementing at the confirmatory and structured inquiry level but afterwards, she could practice the guided inquiry and also achieved to activate all the inquiry skills during the fifth and sixth cycles. However, some difficulties originated from the teacher, school culture and parental involvement in the process. As a result, the teacher made significant progress in planning, implementing and evaluating inquiry-based science activities in her classroom for preschoolers. Finally, we conclude that inquiry-based science activities can be practicing at various inquiry levels in early childhood education.
Clinical Learning Triad in Nursing Education: Qualitative Analysis of Perceptions of Undergraduate Nursing Students
Authors: Raghavan Divya , K. Y. Divya , Francis Frincy , Sheeba Elizabeth J.
Published: May 2021

This study explores the student nurses' perception of the clinical learning triad, its benefits and challenges with regards to their clinical learning. A qualitative descriptive methodology guided this study. Using semi‐structured interview focus group discussions were conducted to elicit data from 30 participants. Data was analyzed manually to identify the key themes. Five themes identified are Bridging the gap between theory and practice, Skill Acquisition, Interpersonal Skills and Communication, Clinical Instructor-the Centre for Clinical Learning Triad, Benefits and Challenges of Clinical Learning Triad. Students verbalized that the availability of nurses enhanced the learning experience. However, expressed that at times the busy ward routines hindered them from approaching the staff nurses for their learning needs. A specialized clinical instructor is mandatory to channelize objective based clinical learning in nursing education. They also verbalized support from the clinical environment alleviated anxiety and progressed their practical learning. Clinical Instructors coordinate the clinical learning from the beginning of a shift but staff nurses play a major role in helping students to complete student learning through skill training while the instructor is busy handling other students. The study concludes that the practical knowledge of staff nurses combined with the efforts of clinical instructors to bridge the gaps between the theory and practice supported by the positive clinical environment equips the nursing students with required skills and knowledge thus establishing the effectiveness of the Clinical Learning Triad.
Desenhos que revelam o processo de adoecimento de mulheres usuárias de um CAPS-ad III
Authors: Torres Ana Cláudia Afonso Valladares , Lima Victória Helen Ribeiro
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Conhecer o processo de adoecimento, por meio do desenho “Metáfora da chuva” sob a ótica de mulheres dependentes de substâncias psicoativas que estavam em proposta terapêutica no CAPS-ad. Material e método: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório-descritivo com abordagem qualitativa a partir do desenho “Metáfora da Chuva”, que contou com amostra de 28 mulheres usuárias de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial-álcool e outras drogas III de Brasília/DF. As respostas dos dados do desenho foram submetidas a análise temática de conteúdo qualitativo do tipo temático estrutural. Resultados: Os dados foram agrupados em três grandes categorias, a saber: as causas da dependência de drogas; os impactos ou as consequências decorrentes do uso abusivo das drogas psicoativas; e o enfrentamento em relação à dependência de drogas. Foram elencadas, na categoria causas, seis dimensões ou problemas: psicológicas ou de comportamento; no relacionamento com a família; socioculturais; relacionadas à violência; biológicas ou físicas; e no trabalho, em um total de 86 respostas. Nas consequências ou os impactos, foram elencadas oito dimensões: psíquicos ou comportamentais; no relacionamento com a família; no trabalho; ou no aspecto econômico-financeiro; relacionados com a violência; na saúde física; socioculturais; com a educação ou nenhum problema, em um total de 112 respostas. Já na terceira categoria do enfrentamento emergiram duas subcategorias: uma negativa e outra positiva, em um total de 41 respostas. Conclusão: Os desenhos “Metáfora da chuva”, desenvolvidos pelas mulheres, permitiram elucidar uma trajetória de vida subjetiva permeada por muitas fragilidades e vulnerabilidades pelo seu próprio protagonismo. A oferta de um espaço para o diálogo e a reflexão pelos profissionais de saúde, no sentido de proporcionar momentos de elaboração de experiências negativas, pode ser uma oportunidade de reconstrução de novos projetos de vida.
A influência do sentido da vida sobre o bem estar
Authors: Freitas Lucia Helena Walendy de
Published: May 2021

Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar as relações de influência entre o sentido atribuído à vida, o suporte social e o bem estar, bem como verificar a influência da idade sobre essas fatores. Participaram da pesquisa 205 trabalhadores entre 16 e 88 anos, 65,4% sexo feminino. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram: Dimensão Existencial da Escala de Bem Estar Espiritual; Escalas de Bem Estar Psicológico; Bem Estar Subjetivo e de Percepção de Suporte Social e dados demográficos. As análises revelaram que  com o avançar da idade, há uma tendência a aumentarem os níveis de significados positivos atribuídos à vida;  o apoio social é maximizado quando favorece a emergência do Sentido; bem como confirma a Logoterapia quando afirma que o Sentido é a causa essencial do bem estar e felicidade.
EFFICACY OF ANTENATAL MANAGEMENT IN AYURVEDA DURING 8TH AND 9TH MONTH OF PREGNANCY
Authors: Suhas B. Thorat  , Samrajita S. Thorat  , S.L.Gaikwad  , K.L.Shende
Published: May 2021

Garbhini paricharya is advised for preventing harm to mother and fetus, to attain full fetal maturity and for normal uneventful labour. By keeping this goal in mind the Upakrama of Niruha basti and Anuvasana basti was selected. 100 patients were selected for this study and divided into two groups. In Control Group, there are 50 patients with Standard management (iron+ calcium) with routine diet during pregnancy. In Trial Group, there are 50 patients with Standard management (iron+ calcium) along with Garbhini paricharya.
The clinical study was done for evaluation of efficacy of antenatal management in Ayurveda during 8th & 9th month of pregnancy. Bala taila is highly effective to bring about spontaneous labour onset at optimal time. Duration of labour was reduced by Bala siddha taila basti due to its regulation of Prasuti Marut.
Maternal and foetal complications during ante natal and post natal period are reduced due to Bala siddha taila Anuvasan basti, Niruha basti and due to high quality nutritive supplementation (Mudga & Masha Yavagu).
Maternal as well as fetal weight gain was good due to high quality nutritive supplementation as described in Ayurvedic texts, and it provides optimal nutrition of mother and fetus. The Ayurvedic regimen has promise of providing the optimal and balanced nutrition by using quality ingredients.
PARANASAL SINUSITIS (APEENASA/PEENASA) AND ITS MANAGEMENT IN AYURVEDA
Authors: Vanishree  , Vishwambhara  , B.A.Venkatesh  , Bali Yogitha M.R
Published: May 2021

Sinusitis is defined as the inflammation of the mucosa either of any one or all of the paranasal sinuses. In humans, there are four paired sinuses which are termed as paranasal sinuses and they are maxillary, frontal, ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses. Ayurveda being an ancient holistic science aims at alleviating the disease and protection and prevention of the positive health. Shalakya Tantra is one of the Astangas of Ayurveda that deals with the Uttamanga and the diseases related to Urdhvajatru. Paranasal sinusitis, the most common disease in Shalakya tantra can be correlated to the disease Apeenasa, Peenasa, Dusta Pratishyaya etc in Ayurveda based on its signs and symptoms. Apeenasa and Peenasa are used interchangeably for paranasal sinusitis in Ayurveda and they are managed with Deepana Pachana, Vamana, Virechana, Dhumapana, Nasya Karma or Shirovirechana. Nasya Karma, one of the Panchakarma therapy and the best therapy for the Urdhwajatrugata Rogas plays a vital role in the successful management of the sinusitis. In this therapy, the medicine is administered through nose either in the form of ghee, oil, powder, liquid or smoke. It is particularly useful in the treatment of diseases occurring in the organs situated above the clavicle but indirectly it works on the whole body by improving the functioning of the endocrine glands and nervous system.
12 Temmuz Beyannamesi Süreci Ve Beyannamenin Türk Siyasal Hayatına Etkisi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: ÇAVUŞOĞLU Hüseyin
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışmada, 12 Temmuz beyannamesi süreci ve beyannamenin Türk siyasal yaşamına etkisi ele alınmıştır. Türkiye’de çok partili hayata geçildikten sonra, iktidar ile muhalefet arasındaki ilişki oldukça gerginleşti ve bu ortamda, Cumhurbaşkanı İsmet İnönü, iktidar ve muhalefet liderleriyle yaptığı görüşmeler sonucunda, “12 Temmuz Beyannamesini” yayımlamıştır. Beyanname ile DP, kurumsal bir kimlik kazanırken, iktidar ile muhalefet arasında karşılıklı bir güven ortamı yakalanmıştır. Beyannamenin hem CHP hem DP açısından önemli sonuçları olmuştur. CHP’de Başbakan Recep Peker istifa ederken; DP’de ise yaşanan ihraçlar ve istifalar sonunda Millet Partisi kurulmuştur. Beyanname, çok partili demokratik düzenin tesisi için gerekli olan bir önlem olarak, Türk siyasal hayatındaki yerini almıştır. Ayrıca Türkiye’nin çok partili hayattan yana olduğu mesajı, batılı ülkelere verilmiştir.
ELAS ESCREVEM SOBRE O QUÊ?: TEMÁTICAS DO ROMANCE BRASILEIRO CONTEMPORÂNEO DE AUTORIA FEMININA
Authors: Zolin Lúcia Osana
Published: May 2021

Nosso objetivo neste artigo é analisar o tratamento conferido às temáticas mais recorrentes no romance contemporâneo de autoria feminina. O corpus que serviu de base à análise foi constituído por 151 romances escritos por mulheres e publicados pelas editoras brasileiras Rocco, Record e Companhia das Letras, entre os anos 2000 e 2015. A metodologia compreendeu o reconhecimento, a problematização e a interpretação das constantes temáticas que nutrem essa produção. O aporte teórico pressupõe uma perspectiva multidisciplinar que aborda o texto literário em suas interseções com o contexto sociocultural em que emerge e com teorias nascidas para pensar o mundo contemporâneo e suas manifestações artísticas, com ênfase na teoria crítica feminista.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Autoria feminina. Romance contemporâneo. Temáticas. Subversões feministas.
UM CORPO TODO SEU: JUDITH TEIXEIRA, FLORBELA ESPANCA E MARIA TERESA HORTA
Authors: Severino Isa Vitória , Leite Jonas
Published: May 2021

No âmbito da nossa participação, pretendemos, numa perspectiva diacrónica, analisar alguns poemas de três escritoras portuguesas – Judith Teixeira (1880-1958), Florbela Espanca (1894-1930) e Maria Teresa Horta (1937-). A nossa escolha recai sobre as três mulheres poetas quer pelo papel que assumiram na sociedade portuguesa, quer pelos temas que emergem da sua poesia, exaltando o corpo e, através dele, a liberdade de expressão e a voz femininas. Assim, num diálogo intertextual e a duas vozes, propomos (re)visitar poemas das autoras em questão que melhor ilustram a temática em análise.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Poesia. Corpo. Transgressão. Judith Teixeira. Florbela Espanca. Maria Teresa Horta.
“CAMINHO SE FAZ AO ANDAR”: POEMA DE CHILE E LOS REINOS DORADOS
Authors: Ramalho Christina , Gois Gisela Reis de
Published: May 2021

Estudo comparado das obras Poema de Chile, da chilena Gabriela Mistral, publicado em 1967, e Los Reinos Dorados, de autoria do boliviano Homero Carvalho, publicado em 2007, à luz da teoria épica do discurso, de Silva, e de reflexões sobre o deslocamento histórico-geográfico como forma dual de autoconhecimento e de mapeamento da terra pátria, com destaque para a função do/a guia. A abordagem, dialogando com especialistas, levará em consideração a tradição do expansionismo colonizador, contrapondo-a ao expansionismo nacionalista, evidenciando os traços próprios das duas epopeias latino-americanas e o resgate de um epos que realiza o simbólico apagamento da conquista da terra pela força bélica e aculturadora para colocar em cena o resgate mítico da Mãe Terra e da Mãe Água, que resulta de viagens motivadas pelo encontro simultaneamente amoroso e crítico com a pátria chilena e a pátria boliviana, respectivamente.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Epopeia. Expansionismo. Los Reinos Dorados. Poema de Chile. Guia.
A formal support group for esophageal atresia and/or tracheoesophageal fistula in South Africa may improve the outcome of these children and their families
Authors: De Vos Corné , De Vos Werner , Sidler Daniel
Published: May 2021

The psychosocial aspect of various congenital anomalies like esophageal atresia (EA) with/or without a tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) being the cause of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety in parents of these children, is often overlooked by medical professionals. Support groups may be useful to address a part of this problem and form an important aspect of emotional support for any rare or congenital disease. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to assess the need for a formal support group for parents of patients born with EA and to emphasize the role of emotional support for these parents and children. A questionnaire was sent to members of an informal WhatsApp group which included participants with diverse demographics across private and public platforms, across South Africa. The questions focused on 3 main areas: demographic data, diagnosis and the surgery, and information about the participant’s emotional support. All the data were inserted in an excel datasheet and descriptive statistical analysis was used. Questions were sent to 14 members of an informal WhatsApp group.  Eight were included in the study.  All 8 participants were mothers of children born with an EA with a TEF. The questions about the need for emotional support focus on the time after the baby was born. The majority (87.5%) of the mothers felt that they could bond with their babies during pregnancy, but in contrast, 75% felt that they missed an opportunity to bond with their babies after birth, mainly because they were not allowed to hold their babies for up to 11 days after birth. Only 1 of the mothers were in contact with other families with children born with EA, and 6 of the remaining 7 agreed that this would have helped them during this emotionally challenging time. All 8 thought that sharing their stories with others could have helped them emotionally and all agreed that an EA/TEF support group was a good idea. The family, as another patient, ought to be treated and included in the overall treatment plan if we aim to improve the quality of life for both the patients and their families.  Disease-specific support groups can play a major role in the emotional well-being of both the children born with EA and their families.
Multiobjective design of sustainable public transportation systems
Authors: Rossit D.G. , Nesmachnow S. , Toutouh J.
Published: May 2021

The design of the bus network is a complex problem in modern cities, since different conflicting objectives have to be considered, from both the perspective of bus companies and the citizens. This article presents a multiobjective model for designing a sustainable public transportation network that simultaneously optimizes the covered travel demands by passengers, the total travel time, and the generated pollution. The proposed model is solved using exact weighted sum and a heuristic procedure based on the standard shortest path problem. Preliminary tests were performed in small real-world instances of Montevideo, Uruguay. Experiments allowed obtaining a set of compromising solutions that in turn allow exploring different trade-off among the optimization criteria. The proposed heuristic was competitive, being able to find a good compromising solution in short computing times.
Generative adversarial networks to model air pollution under uncertainty
Authors: Toutouh J. , Nesmachnow S. , Rossit D.G.
Published: May 2021

Urbanization trends worldwide show a clear preference for motorized road mobility, which has led to a degradation of air quality in recent years. Modelling and forecasting ambient air pollution is a relevant problem because it helps decision-makers and urban city planners understand this phenomenon, which is a significant threat to citizens’ health. Generally, datadriven models suffer from a lack of data. This article addresses the issue of having limited access to road traffic density and pollution concentration data by applying deep generative models, specifically, Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (CGAN). The main idea is to train CGANs to generate synthetic nitrogen dioxide concentration values given the road traffic density. The experimental data analysis from Montevideo (Uruguay) shows that the proposed method generates realistic (accurate and diverse) pollution data while using reduced computational resources.
Albánia választott: harmadszor is Rama
Authors: Németh Ferenc
Published: May 2021

A 2021-es albániai parlamenti választások után Edi Rama harmadik alkalommal is betöltheti a kormányfői pozíciót. Habár az Albán Szocialista Párt maga mögé utasította az Albán Demokrata Pártot, utóbbi – négy év bojkott után – megerősödve térhet vissza szeptemberben a parlamentbe. Az új kormány elsőszámú kihívásai a koronavírus-járvány gazdasági vonatkozásainak kezelése, illetve a kivándorlás lesznek. Az EU-integráció továbbra is prioritás marad, azonban jelentős előrelépés nem garantált az elkövetkező hónapokban.
8. SINIF TÜRKÇE DERS KİTABINDAKİ ETKİNLİKLERİN ÜST DÜZEY DÜŞÜNME BECERİLERİ AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: SARIKAYA Bünyamin
Published: May 2021

Bu araştırma, 8. sınıf Türkçe ders kitabındaki etkinliklerin üst düzey düşünme becerileri açısından değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında 8. sınıf Türkçe ders kitabındaki etkinlikler eleştirel düşünme, yaratıcı düşünme, yansıtıcı düşünme ve problem çözme becerisi gibi üst düzey düşünme becerileri bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Nitel araştırma yöntemine göre gerçekleştirilen çalışmada veri toplama yöntemi olarak doküman incelemesi tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmanın güvenirliğini sağlamak amacıyla kodlayıcılar arası güvenilirlik kullanılmış ve % 90 oranında anlaşma sağlanmıştır. Toplanan veriler, betimsel analiz yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada MEB Yayınları’na ait ve 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılında okutulmaya başlanan 8. Sınıf Türkçe ders kitabındaki toplam 192 etkinlik değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirme sonucunda 192 etkinlikten 37’sinin eleştirel düşünme, 35’inin yaratıcı düşünme, 35’inin yansıtıcı düşünme ve 15’inin de problem çözme becerisine yönelik olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Üst düzey düşünme becerilerine yönelik etkinliklerin toplamı (122) her ne kadar kayda değer bir sayı olarak görülse de her bir üst düzey düşünme becerisine yönelik etkinlik sayısının son derece yetersiz olduğu ifade edilebilir. Çalışmada ulaşılan bulgular bağlamında Türkçe ders kitabında üst düzey düşünme becerilerine hitap eden etkinlik sayısının artırılması, okullarda görev yapan Türkçe öğretmenlerinin bu konu ile ilgili fikirlerinin araştırılması ve Türkçe ders kitaplarındaki üst düzey düşünme becerilerine yönelik etkinliklerin Türkçe Öğretim Programındaki (2018) kazanımları gerçekleştirme durumlarının araştırılması önerilmektedir.
Quality of life and sexuality in women with urinary incontinence
Authors:   Department of Specialised Subjects and Practical Skills, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic, Pičmanová Petra , Procházka Martin
Published: May 2021

Overview Objective: An overview of urinary incontinence and the associated quality of life in women, including sexuality. Methods: Compilation of published data from scientific literature. Conclusion: Urinary incontinence and female sexual dysfunction are common problems that adversely affect a woman’s quality of life. Their cause is often multifactorial. Both of these dysfunctions are common in women, but are often not reported by them and, subsequently, not treated. The symptoms of urinary incontinence, shame and fear can lead to complete social isolation of a woman affected in this way. There are a lot of studies suggesting that coping with a urination problem can subsequently improve a woman’s sexual function and overall quality of life. The prevalence increases significantly with the age. Keywords: female sexual dysfunction – urinary incontinence – Quality of life – women
A new instrument to personalize ovarian stimulation: results of the CERES study after using a novel gonadotropin – follitropin delta
Authors:   Reprofit International s.r.o., Brno, Czech Republic, Bagócsi Tomáš , Rumpík David , Křenek Ondřej , Machač Štěpán , Vrublovský Petr , Štěpán Jiří , Černý Miloš , Mardešićová Nicole , Dvořák Jiří , Višňová Hana
Published: May 2021

Overview : Objective: The aim of the study CERES (CzEch REkovelle real life Study) was to gather experience with the use of a novel gonadotrophine, to evaluate the efficacy of follitropin delta in Czech clinical settings and to compare our results with the clinical trial ESTHER-1. Methods: Individualized follitropin delta daily dose in µg based on the patient’s anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level and body weight (AMH < 15 pmol/ L: 12 µg/ d; AMH > 15 pmol/ L: 0.10–0.19 µg/ kg/ d; max. 2 µg/ d). Results: A total of 85 women (aged 24–42 years) was included in the study. The average patient’s age was 32.9 years, the average body weight was 67.8 kg, and the mean level of AMH was 23.2 pmol/ L. There were initiated 85 controlled ovarian stimulations with follitropin delta and 84 egg collections. Forty patients (47%) had optimal number of retrieved eggs (8–14), 75 patients (88%) had embryotransfer, 10 patients (12%) had no embryo suitable for transfer, 65 patients had single embryo transfer and 10 patients had 2 embryos for transfer. There were reported 37 clinical pregnancies (43.5% cPR – clinical pregnancy rate), 30 live births (35.3% LBR – live birth rate), 3 (3.5%) early moderate ovarian hyperstimulation syndroms (OHSS) and no hospitalization due to the treatment. Conclusion: Individualized ovarian stimulation optimizes ovarian response, maintains treatment efficacy and improves safety by reducing OHSS incidence. The results of the Czech population study are fully comparable with the international, randomized, assessor-blinded trial ESTHER-1. Keywords: follitropin delta – controlled ovarian stimulation – anti-Müllerian hormone – ovarian response – ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome – personalized medicine
Ear surgery in the Czech Republic
Authors: Fík Zdeněk , Tesařová Michaela , Bouček Jan , Kluh Jan , Čada Zdeněk , Bandúrová Veronika , Skřivan Jiří , Plzák Jan
Published: May 2021

Surgical and outpatient care of a patient with ear disease is an integral part of otorhinolaryngology. It includes a wide range of procedures in the region of the external auditory canal, middle ear and other parts of the pyramid bone with various indications. The objective increase in the number of ear procedures at the department of the authors was the impulse to map the situation of ear surgery in the Czech Republic. Data were collected in the period from January 2020 to August 2020, using a questionnaire, which was sent to the heads of all ENT departments in the Czech Republic. The yield of the questionnaire was 100%. Overall 80% of all ENT departments perform ear surgeries, of which almost 85% perform pediatric ear surgeries too. The maximum of ear surgery proceeds in the university departments where an increase in the number of operated patients has been observed in the last 10 years. These departments also cover specialized procedures such as cochlear implantations and more extensive surgeries on the temporal bone. Keywords: ear surgery – ear diseases – hearing rehabilitation
The importance of screening questionnaires in detecting the severity of obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Solecká Šárka , Betka Jan , Matler Karel , Tomášková Hana
Published: May 2021

ntroduction: The aim of this study is to compare the importance of screening questionnaires and risk factors in detecting the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: The study included 47 patients with suspected OSA. The patients completed 5 screening questionnaires – the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the STOP BANG questionnaire, the STOP questionnaire, the Berlin questionnaire (BQ) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Subsequently, they were examined by the limited polygraphy. AHI (number of apneas/ hypopneas per 1 hour), t90 desaturation (percentage of sleep time spent in desaturations below 90%) and ODI (number of desaturations ≥ 3% within 1 hour) were compared with questionnaire scores and selected risk factors for OSA (BMI, male gender, hypertension, age, neck circumference, abdominal circumference and abdominal/ hip circumference ratio). Results: The achieved score of any of the monitored questionnaires does not correlate with the value of AHI. BQ, STOP and STOP BANG questionnaires have the relatively highest sensitivity for OSA detection, while the sensitivity of PSQI and ESS is low. The correlation of the ESS, STOP BANG and BQ scores with the t90 desaturation, as well as the ESS and STOP BANG scores with the ODI is statistically signifi cant. The relationship of any of the selected risk factors with the AHI value has not been demonstrated. Desaturation values of t90 and ODI correlated best with BMI, neck circumference and abdominal/ hip circumference ratio. Conclusion: None of the monitored questionnaires is suitable for determining the severity of OSA, it is always necessary to perform a polygraphic or polysomnographic examination of sleep. BQ and STOPBANG are relatively most suitable for OSA screening. They both have high sensitivity and, at the same time, their score correlates with the value of nocturnal hypoxemia. Parameters measuring nocturnal hypoxemia (t90 desaturation, ODI) correlate better with risk factors than AHI. The most important parameters associated with hypoxemia are BMI, neck circumference and abdominal/ hip circumference ratio and it is appropriate to include them in the screening for OSA. Keywords: obstructive sleep apnea – Berlin questionnaire – STOP-Bang questionnaire – STOP questionnaire – Epworth sleepiness scale – Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
Grisel’s syndrome – case report
Authors: Kossuthová Nicol , Mejzlík Jan , Zadrobílek Karel , Dědková Jana , Chrobok Viktor
Published: May 2021

Introduction: By definition from the literature, Grisel’s syndrome is described as non-traumatic rotational atlantoaxial instability between C1 and C2 vertebrae. It can occur during an infection of a soft tissue in the cervicocranial region or after an operation in the ENT region. Because of the frequent occurrence after operations, we inclined to the definition which includes a traumatic subluxation as a cause of origin, and it’s not defined as non-traumatic only. The instability manifests itself with abnormal head posture that is called torticollis. Increased incidence in adolescence is more common because of a greater ligamentous laxity of the joint capsules, increased perfusion of antlantoaxial regions and longer alar ligaments. In this article, the case of a child with Grisel’s syndrome after adenotomy is described. The pathophysiology, symptomatology, diagnostic management and treatment are discussed. Keywords: Grisel’s syndrome – torticollis – atlantoaxial instability – adenotomy