bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From Tradition to Innovation: The Incorporation of Trumpet in Bɔbɔɔbɔ (Borborbor) Dance of The Ewe People
Authors: Kwasi Gbagbo Divine , Doe Dordzro John-
Published: July 2024

This article explores the emergence and evolution of bɔbɔɔbɔ (borborbor), a distinctive Ewe dance that originated in mid 20th century British Togoland (now the Volta Region of Ghana) and French Togoland (now Togo). Initially rooted in traditional kokomba dance forms, particularly tuidzi and akpese, bɔbɔɔbɔ rapidly integrated European military brass band instruments, notably the bugle and later the trumpet, influenced by the burgeoning popular music genre of highlife in Ghana. Drawing on ethnographic research conducted in Ewe communities in Ghana, this paper examines the transformative role of the trumpet within bɔbɔɔbɔ ensembles. It investigates how the trumpet’s adoption led to its unique interpretative functions, including improvised obbligatos, sampling of familiar tunes, and enhancing the rhythmic and percussive dynamics of performances. Ultimately, this study illuminates the process of indigenization of the trumpet within bɔbɔɔbɔ, highlighting themes of adoption, assimilation, and reinterpretation in the evolution of this vibrant musical tradition
Accessing the Greek Verbal System Through the Shona Verb: Toward a Bantu Approach to Biblical Languages
Authors: Mbiriri Watson
Published: July 2024

Abstract
As with any other language, mastering biblical languages such as Greek remains a challenge in Africa. Meanwhile, many African languages hold keys to a better experience in teaching and learning biblical languages. Accordingly, this study proposes a Bantu-based approach to teaching and learning biblical Greek for effective delivery and better mastery. In this study, by means of comparative linguistics, the verbal system of Shona, one of the numerous Bantu languages spoken in Southern Africa, is used to demonstrate correspondences with the biblical Greek verbal system. Elements of special interest in the two languages’ verbal systems relate to signification codes for tense, voice, mode, person, and number. The study is premised on the understanding that the verb is the heart of any language. The basic assumption of the study is that since both Shona and biblical Greek verbal systems are conjugated in comparable ways, something which English lacks, using Shona to teach or learn biblical Greek in the Zimbabwean context should be effective. The study proposes that this method be similarly tried with other Bantu languages and the other two biblical languages: Hebrew and Aramaic. In the end, there may be a need to produce biblical language grammar written with Bantu languages as their base, especially considering there is no substitute for learning in one’s own language.
Biblical Narratives of Steadfast Grit: A Select Example in Cultivating Psychological Fortitude
Authors: Juma Mahlon
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Psychological grit is credited to Angela Duckworth. Psychologists have investigated grit as a personality trait, educators as a character trait, and economics as a non-cognitive competence or soft skill. Additionally, it has been translated into Russian, Japanese, German, Korean, Turkish, and Spanish. However, the attributes associated with grit, such as courage, conscientiousness, excellence, resilience, and optimism, are similar to Bible terminology. However, the literature is scarce, and there is a knowledge gap about these characteristics from a biblical standpoint. Critics have proposed that future studies look into the useful applications of grit in educational contexts and other languages. In response, the story investigated the following issues: (1) What words do the New and Old Testaments use to describe grit’s courage, conscientiousness, excellence, resilience, and optimism? (2) Who are the Biblical characters who demonstrated these virtues? The analysis revealed that grit is an abundant biblical attribute in both the New and Old Testaments. Countless Bible characters demonstrated grit. Distressing end-times call on Christians to display grit.
The Significance of Τοῦτο in Act 2:16 to the Eschatology of Acts
Authors: Odhiambo Odhiambo David
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The demonstrative pronoun “τοῦτό” in Acts 2:16 carries pragmatic weight, suggesting markedness and emphasizing the eschaton (v. 17). Despite scholarly oversight, verse 16’s syntactical placement within the main clause underscores its significance. This article seeks to rectify this neglect by examining Acts 2:16’s theological and syntactical importance, particularly the usage of “Τοῦτο” and its implications for understanding Acts’ eschatological framework. Through linguistic analysis, theological exploration, and intertextual connections, this study aims to reveal the profound implications of Acts 2:16 for the eschatological discourse in Luke’s narrative.
The Verbal Usage of עבד in the Book of Psalms: Exploring its Contextual Meaning and Theological Implications
Authors: Tsegaw Melak A.
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article delves into the multifaceted meaning of the Hebrew word עבד, commonly translated as “serve,” holds significant theological implications in the Book of Psalms, particularly concerning worship of God. This article addresses a notable gap in scholarship by examining the contextual meanings of עבד in its verbal form across the Psalms and exploring its theological implications. Contrary to previous limited interpretations, this research reveals a broader semantic spectrum including total submission, gratitude expression, offering gifts, trust in God, and proclamation of His name. Furthermore, this study explores the theological implications derived from the contextual analysis עבד in Psalms. It highlights the significance of divine kingship in messianic Psalms where עבד appears frequently. The importance of knowledge is emphasized as essential for genuine worship, providing a basis to understand God’s nature and actions. Additionally, the study reveals the interconnectedness of submission, trust, and praise, forming a holistic framework for faithful service to God.
Corrosion of Household Utensils: Causes, Effects and Remedies
Authors: Kanyamumba Liberty ,   Africa Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Power and Energy Development, University of Nigeria Nsukka, 410001, Nigeria, Ujah Chika O. , Kallon Daramy V.V. , Dumbuya Mohamed ,   Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Technology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa,   Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Technology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa,   Department of Chemistry, Njala University, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone.
Published: July 2024

This article was motivated by the avalanche of finance spent annually on addressing the harm caused by corrosion on household wares and buildings, industrial machines and facilities, hospital equipment and many other establishment of man in the universe. Corrosion is a universal phenomenon referred to as the deterioration of metallic material. Metal alloys like stainless steel and aluminium are extensively used in household utensils for their durability, affordability and corrosion resistance. However, these materials can leach heavy metals such as chromium, nickel, iron, and aluminium into food, posing serious health challenges. Stainless steel, despite its corrosion resistance, releases harmful metals when exposed to acidic foods, while aluminium utensils corrode and release harmful elements under certain conditions too. Hence, this article was aimed at examining the historical background of corrosion, the causes of corrosion in household wares and utensils, its impact especially on human health and economy, and the potential remedies. The findings indicated that acidic foods and prolonged storage increase metal leaching. Health concerns included increased risks of anemia, dementia, and osteomalacia due to excessive metal accumulation in the body. Mitigation strategies included using anodized aluminium, minimizing storage time of acidic foods in metal containers, and increasing public awareness about the potential health risks. Proper maintenance and selection of utensils could significantly reduce the hazards associated with metal leaching.
Consumption Pattern of Wild Edible Green Leafy Vegetables Found in Osogbo Local Government Area of Osun State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Home Economics, Adeyemi Federal University of Education, Ondo 520, Nigeria, Bello Monsurat , Olarewaju Abiodun C. ,   Department of Food Science and Technology, Mountain Top University, Ibafo, Nigeria, Otolowo Dupe Temilade ,   Department of Food Science and Technology, Mountain Top University, Ibafo, Nigeria, Busari Zeinab Bidemi ,   Department of Food Science and Technology, Mountain Top University, Ibafo, Nigeria
Published: July 2024

This study investigated the consumption pattern of wild edible green leafy vegetables found in Osogbo Local Government Area of Osun State using a descriptive survey research design. The sample size for this study was two hundred and eleven (211) respondents. A four-likert scale structured questionnaire containing twenty-four (24) items was used for data collection. Data were analysed using mean scores and standard deviation. The findings of the study revealed that ”Yarin,” “Worowo,” “Gbure,” and “Ebolo" are major wild edible green leafy vegetables found in the study area, and their consumption is quite low. The finding showed that wild edible green leafy vegetables have benefits such as alleviating malnutrition at no cost and can be a good source of income. The findings also showed that urbanisation's preference for cultivated vegetables over wild edible green leafy vegetables, as well as uncultured ideas like ignorance and poverty and well-researched information about cultivated leafy vegetables, are among the factors influencing the intake of wild edible green leafy vegetables. The findings of this study asserted that wild edible green leafy vegetables, when compared with cultivated ones, can alleviate malnutrition, prevent micronutrient deficiency, and equally serve as a source of income at little or no cost. Therefore, it was recommended that there is a need to explore, analyse, and document that wild green edible leafy vegetables are nutritious, health-promoting, and easy to cultivate, and bring out substantial yields even under difficult climatic and edaphic conditions.
Evaluation of the Impact of Fuel Subsidy Removal on Family Income and Sustainability in Ondo City, Nigeria
Authors: Ogboru Justinah. O. ,   Department of Home Economics, Adeyemi Federal University of Education, Ondo City 520, Nigeria., Akinyotu Oseyemi E. ,   Department of Home Economics, Adeyemi Federal University of Education, Ondo City 520, Nigeria.
Published: July 2024

This study evaluated the impact of fuel subsidy removal on family income and sustainability in Ondo City. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. Three (3) research questions guided the study. The study population was comprised of all household members in Ondo Metropolis. The total population of the study is two hundred and fifty-three thousand, four hundred and sixty-two (253,462). The sample size was one hundred and eighty-five (185) and was randomly selected using a simple random technique. A structured questionnaire was the research instrument used to elicit responses from the respondents. Split-half reliability was used to determine the instrument's consistency, and a correlation coefficient of 0.76 was obtained. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that the fluctuation of oil prices in the international market necessitated subsidy removal, and the higher cost of transportation increases the cost of food items. The study concluded that the factors that necessitate fuel subsidy removal have a significant relationship with the possible challenges encountered by households in family sustenance. It was therefore recommended that the government's actions, such as increasing civil servants' wages and providing incentives for business owners, could enable them to cope with the increasing prices of commodities, offering a hopeful outlook for the future.
From Being Amotivated to Motivated: Evidence of the Efficacy of Problem-Based Learning in Practical Skills Training
Authors: Orji Chibueze Tobias ,   Wits School of Education, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, Perumal Juliet , Ojo Emmanuel ,   Wits School of Education, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa,   Wits School of Education, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
Published: July 2024

The investigation of the degree of amotivation and subsequent intervention towards the motivation of undergraduate vocational and technical education (VTE) students has not received the same amount of attention as other disciplines. Despite the negative impact of a lack of volitional drive on students' practical skills learning, there is scarcity of literature on amotivation among VTE undergraduate students. This study aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of problem-based learning (PBL) in transitioning undergraduate students from a state of being amotivated to motivated. The study utilized a quasi-experimental research design and selected 168 students in their penultimate and final years majoring in agricultural education, business education, computer education, home economics, and industrial technical education who met the study's inclusion criteria. The intervention consisted of eight weeks of treatment and four weeks of follow-up meetings. An existing academic motivation scale was adapted for use, and data was collected through a self-report questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using independent sample t-tests, and paired sample t-tests. The findings revealed that the level of amotivation among the students was high, and PBL had a significant impact on transitioning VTE students from being amotivated to motivated in the treatment group compared to those in the control group. Furthermore, the positive gains were maintained by the treatment group at follow-up. The study suggests that a PBL program can effectively address students' lack of volitional drive to engage in academic activities among undergraduate students majoring in agricultural education, business education, computer education, home economics, and industrial technical in Nigeria.
CULTIVATING HOLISTIC APPROACHES TO SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION: INSIGHTS FROM THE REAL-WORLD PROJECTS
Authors: Ibrahım Usman Musa , Labaran Yahaya Hassan
Published: July 2024

This study examines the impact and performance of sustainable building practices through selected case studies. It assesses sustainable design, construction, production, and supply chains, emphasizing the use of advanced materials like Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) and coated glass to enhance durability and energy efficiency while reducing environmental impact. Nanotechnology and wood innovation in construction are explored alongside insights into reducing energy consumption, utilizing renewable energy, and managing waste across a building's lifecycle. Case studies, including The Edge building in Amsterdam and the Treet building in Bergen, illustrate the efficacy of sustainable practices in creating enduring, eco-friendly structures. The study also highlights successful waste management techniques, exemplified by the Eden Project, demonstrating effective waste reduction, reuse, and recycling in construction. Overall, this research offers a comprehensive view of implementing sustainable building practices to achieve superior performance while minimizing environmental effects.
EVALUATION OF INTERACTIVE SPACES FOR ENHANCED LEARNING IN ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT BUILDINGS IN NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Makun Charles Yakubu , Anikor Emmanuel Moses , Obi-george Chioma Lilian , Akande Oluwafemi
Published: July 2024

The design studio is still the focal point of curricular programmes in architectural faculties around the world, and it is regarded as the gold standard for architectural design education. However, the architecture studio's primary role in the existing academic framework of architectural education needs to be reconsidered. As a result, a shift to architecture studio design is required to create an environment that delivers an immersive and collaborative feeling of setting for studio users. The job of architecture is to build and develop places that fulfil the demands of architecture users and the usage of spaces by different individuals and groups of people, just as an architecture design studio is considered as a learning environment and usually a location where interactions occur. This study investigates the methodologies and goals of architectural design for open space facilities that relieve stress in learning environments such as those found on university campuses in a compact urban setting. The literature reviews, along with expert input, indicate strategies for integrating sustainability as the foundation for achieving a functional institutional environment structure for Nigerian schools of architecture; thus, this serves as the foundation for the development of a questionnaire to collect relevant data. Improving quality and service delivery through better interactive space organisation. The findings suggest that architects should incorporate sustainable building areas into their theoretical preparation. According to the study, it is critical to set standards for an alternative design approach that is user-centered while also strengthening the training of student architects by creating more interactive spaces.
ORMAN AMENAJMAN PLANLARININ DÜZENLENMESİNDE AĞAÇLANDIRMA ÇALIŞMALARININ PLANLANMASI: BİR ÖNERİ
Authors: Başkent Emin , Bilensoy Yılmaz
Published: July 2024

Ağaçlandırma çalışmaları açık, bozuk (boşluklu yapılı) ve doğal gençleştirme yeteneğini kaybetmiş alanların sağlıklı orman yapısına kavuşturulmasında kullanılan önemli bir ormancılık faaliyetidir. Belirlenen işletme amacı veya koruma hedefine yönelik planlanıp yürütülen ağaçlandırma çalışmaları, günümüzde daha çok dönemsel politikalar doğrultusunda, amenajman çalışmaları sürecinde inisiyatiflere göre yürütülmektedir. Bu açıdan sürdürülebilir bir yapıya kavuşturulamamaktadır. Bu eserin amacı, ülkemizde hazırlanmakta olan orman amenajman planlarını ağaçlandırma açısından değerlendirmek ve ağaçlandırma çalışmalarının planlamaya nasıl entegre edilebileceğine yönelik bir yaklaşım sergilemektir. Bu açıdan, ağaçlandırma çalışmalarının küresel bazda bir değerlendirilmesi yapılmış, iklim değişikliği ile mücadele kapsamında önemi vurgulanmış, plan yapım sürecinde karşılaşılan sorunlara değinilmiş ve sürdürülebilir planlama için yapılması gerekenler çözüm önerileri olarak sunulmuştur.
Exploring e-Commerce Potential: Improving Sales Performance Through Product Innovation in The Agriculture Sector
Authors: Macoa Gau Andi , Saleh Nursahdi
Published: July 2024

This study explores the impact of e-commerce on sales performance, mediated by innovation, among agricultural business entrepreneurs in Polewali Mandar, West Sulawesi Province. Utilizing a quantitative research design, data were collected from 97 agricultural entrepreneurs who have adopted technology in their sales processes. The study employs WarpPLS 8.0 for data analysis to test the hypothesized relationships between e-commerce, innovation, and sales performance. Results indicate that e-commerce significantly enhances sales performance both directly (path coefficient = 0.727, p < 0.001) and through innovation (path coefficient = 0.207, p = 0.001). Additionally, e-commerce positively impacts innovation (path coefficient = 0.901, p < 0.001), and innovation itself significantly boosts sales performance (path coefficient = 0.230, p < 0.001). These findings corroborate prior research, underscoring the importance of effective resource management, strategic goal alignment, and employee competencies in improving sales outcomes. Advanced technologies, such as machine learning, further enhance businesses' ability to predict and optimize sales strategies. For agribusiness entrepreneurs in Polewali Mandar, the study highlights the necessity of embracing digital transformation. Despite initial skepticism, the integration of e-commerce platforms and innovative marketing strategies can expand market reach, improve operational efficiency, and build consumer trust. This research provides practical recommendations for leveraging digital technologies to drive growth and profitability. By focusing on consistent and relevant digital content, agribusinesses can overcome barriers and achieve sustainable competitive advantages. The findings underscore the critical role of digital and technological innovations in fostering business success in the agricultural sector.
The Effect of Relationship Marketing and Customer Satisfaction on Customer Loyalty at PT. Bank Muamalat Indonesia
Authors: Verawaty Verawaty , Talawa Musdalifa
Published: July 2024

This study aims to find out and analyze the influence of relationship marketing and customer satisfaction on customer loyalty at PT. Bank Muamalat Indonesia Tbk Makassar Branch. The type of research used is quantitative. The population in this study is customers at PT. Bank Muamalat Indonesia Tbk Makassar Branch. Sample selection uses the purposive sampling method. The data collection method uses a questionnaire. The statistical method used in this study is the multiple linear regression method and uses SPSS 22.0 software. The results of the study show that relationship marketing has a positive and insignificant effect on customer loyalty, customer satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty. Simultaneously, relationship marketing and customer satisfaction have a significant effect on customer loyalty.
The Role of Apparatus Competence, Community Participation and Control Systems on Village Fund Financial Accountability
Authors: Pasolo Fahrudin , Kooh Ricky Phylemon , Zakaria Zakaria , Sonjaya Yaya
Published: July 2024

This study is associative research, which aims to analyze, identify and explain the role of apparatus compe-tency, community participation and control systems on financial accountability of village funds in Mam-beramo Raya Regency. The amount of data used in the research was 84 respondents or 70.00% of the total population is 120 consisting of village officials, community leaders and stakeholders in the Greater Mam-beramo Regency environment, with a sampling technique using the Simple Random Sampling type Proba-bility Sampling technique. The main data source for this research was obtained through distributing ques-tionnaires to all respondents. The statistical method used to test the hypothesis is multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS. Based on partial and simultaneous test results, it was found that apparatus, community participation and control systems had a positive and significant effect on financial accountability of village funds in Mamberamo Raya Regency. This study not only highlights the dynamics within the Mamberamo Raya District Government but also the efforts of the Greater Mamberamo District Government to increase efficiency, transparency and accountability in managing village funds, as well as improving the perfor-mance of village officials.
Consequences of Ethical Behavior and Trust in the Sport Brand Industry in Indonesia
Authors: Kurniawati Kurniawati , Galingging Debora
Published: July 2024

The sports industry is currently growing rapidly and becoming one of the major markets in the economy. Dynamic competition drives companies to innovate, especially in technology, to increase economic gains. This phenomenon has triggered the emergence of various sports brands, which requires companies to be creative in marketing and building consumer loyalty. This study focuses on the influence of ethical behavior, brand experience, trust, brand authenticity, and brand equity on customer satisfaction of sneaker users Adidas, Nike, Converse, Puma, and Vans in Indonesia. This study uses a hypothesis testing design with cross-sectional data. Data were collected through online questionnaires to 231 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using SEM (Structural Equation Modeling). This research examines ethical behavior, trust, brand experience, brand authenticity, brand equity, and customer satisfaction. The indicators to measure the variables were adapted from previous research and used a Likert scale. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of ethical behavior, brand experience, trust, brand authenticity, and brand equity on customer satisfaction of sneaker users. To provide contributions to sneaker brand marketers in understanding the factors that influence customer satisfaction so that they can develop more effective marketing strategies.
Continued Increase in Incidence of Kidney Cancer in Iran and its 31 Provinces
Authors: Nowroozi Mohammad Reza , Farkhani Ehsan Mosa , Hushmandi Kiavash , Amini Erfan , Momeni Seyed Ali , Inanloo Seyed Hassan , Sharifi Laleh , Bokaie Saied
Published: July 2024

Background: Kidney cancer in adults includes malignant tumors originating from the parenchyma and pelvis and is the most lethal urogenital cancer. Available data in Iran indicate that the incidence and pattern of this cancer are changing. Objectives: Our study aimed to present an updated incidence rate of kidney cancer in Iran and its 31 provinces and their trends, and climate zones distribution of the disease. Methods: In this study, the age standard incidence rate (ASIR) of kidney cancer based on provinces, age groups, and gender has been calculated using the available data in the national cancer registration system of the Ministry of Health from 2003 to 2016. Results: Overall ASIR of kidney cancer was 1.28 per 100,000 from 2003 to 2016. ASIR of this cancer in men has increased from 0.96 in 2003 to 3.66 in 2016 and similarly, reached from 0.61 in 2003 to 2.24 in 2016 in women. Fars, Yazd, Tehran and Isfahan provinces had the highest ASIR in Iran. Hot climate zones are associated with a higher incidence of kidney cancer while moderate climate is linked to the lower incidence rates in Iran. Conclusions: Although the incidence rate of kidney cancer in Iran and its provinces is low, the increasing trend is concerning particularly among men. Therefore, it is crucial to develop cost-effective screening tests and implement control and prevention programs in the high-incidence provinces.
Effects of Ellagic Acid Supplementation on Antioxidant Status and Symptom Improvement in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A Double-blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Hamzeh , Zarghami Mehran , Khadem Haghighian Hossein , Babaie Roochi Amirhosein , Abediankenari Saeid , Kargar-Soleimanabad Saeed , Houshmand Gholamreza
Published: July 2024

Background: Depression is one of the most common mood disorders and a major public health concern. Ellagic acid (EA), a type of polyphenol, acts as a strong hydrogen bond network as an electron receptor, enabling it to participate in various reactions. Objectives: Major depression is a critical medical condition that has emerged as a public health issue due to its high incidence, mortality, and suicide rates. One significant factor in the pathogenesis of depression is oxidative stress. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ellagic acid supplementation on antioxidant status and symptom improvement in patients with major depressive disorder, considering the antioxidant capabilities of ellagic acid. Methods: A total of 40 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder based on DSM-V criteria were assessed using the Beck Depression and Hamilton Depression Questionnaires. The dietary and caloric intake of the patients were monitored. Additionally, height and weight were measured, and patients with similar age, gender, and weight were matched. The individuals were randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the placebo group using a randomization table. The intervention group received a daily dose of 200 mg of ellagic acid in capsule form. The placebo group received a daily dose of one capsule containing 200 mg of wheat flour, identical in appearance to the intervention substance. The study period lasted for 8 weeks. Venous blood samples were collected before and after the study from all 40 individuals, and after serum separation, oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity). were measured using a specific kit and ELISA method. Results: The study results showed a significant reduction in depression scores in the ellagic acid group during the study (P: 0.001)., with these alterations being significant when compared to the placebo group. In the ellagic acid group, a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (P: 0.027). and a significant decrease in malondialdehyde levels (P: 0.014). were observed at the end of the study, and these changes were significant compared to the placebo group. In contrast, significant changes in total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde levels were not observed in the placebo group. Conclusions: The current study indicates that ellagic acid intervention may have a favorable effect on depression in patients with major depressive disorder. This is achieved by reducing BDI scores and serum levels of MDA, as well as increasing serum levels of TAC in these patients compared to the placebo group. However, further investigation is necessary to explore the mechanisms underlying the different alterations of ellagic acid in depression.
Response to Botulinum Toxin Type-A in Patients with Refractory Chronic Migraine
Authors: Hematti Hamidreza , Izadi Shahrzad , Molaei Amir
Published: July 2024

Background: Due to its debilitating nature, refractory chronic migraine (RCM) is primarily associated with a poor quality of life. However, controversy remains regarding the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin for treating RCM. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) in patients with RCM. Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study conducted between April 2016 and March 2021, RCM patients who were resistant to conventional therapies and received BTX-A injections were followed for 7 and 14 days after the injection. The outcome variables included the frequency, duration, and severity of migraine episodes, the need for painkillers, adverse events, and the patient's perceived improvement. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: In total, 52 RCM patients with a mean age of 31.84 years participated, of whom 69.2% were female. The frequency of migraine episodes decreased from a baseline of 9.84 to 3.94 and 1.25 at 7 and 14 days after injection, respectively (P < 0.001). The duration of migraine episodes dropped from 3 hours at baseline to 1.74 and 1.17 hours at 7 and 14 days post-BTX-A injection, respectively (P < 0.001). The severity of migraines alleviated from 8.07 at baseline to 6.48 and 3.38 at the respective follow-up times (P < 0.001). The need for painkillers also decreased at follow-ups (P < 0.001). Males achieved better treatment outcomes regarding the frequency of migraine episodes and the need for medications compared to females following BTX-A treatment (P < 0.05). Frontotemporal and frontotemporal-occipital headache distributions showed fewer migraine episodes, shorter duration, less severity, and lower need for painkiller consumption compared to other migraine types (P < 0.05). The most common adverse event was localized pain (42.3%), followed by itching (25.0%). A considerable number of patients felt improvement. Conclusions: According to our findings, BTX-A is a safe and well-tolerated treatment for patients with RCM. Validation of these results requires adequately precise studies investigating the effect of BTX-A in detail.
La guerre électronique et l'intelligence artificielle
Authors: Sfetcu Nicolae ,   Romanian Academy
Published: July 2024

La guerre électronique est un élément essentiel des opérations militaires modernes et a connu des progrès significatifs ces dernières années. Ce livre donne un aperçu de la guerre électronique, de son évolution historique, de ses composants clés et de son rôle dans les scénarios de conflit contemporains. Il aborde également les tendances et les défis émergents en matière de guerre électronique et sa pertinence contemporaine à l'ère des technologies avancées et des cybermenaces, en soulignant la nécessité de poursuivre la recherche et le développement dans ce domaine. Le livre explore l’intersection naissante de l’intelligence artificielle et de la guerre électronique, mettant en lumière l’évolution du paysage des conflits modernes et les implications de l’intégration des technologies avancées. Les rôles multiformes de l'intelligence artificielle dans la guerre électronique sont mis en évidence, en examinant ses avantages potentiels, les considérations éthiques et les défis associés à son intégration.
Waffle Ice Cream Based on Jackfruit Seed Flour: Optimization of Ingredient Content Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Cahyaning Sari Anandhita Putri , Ulva Zahra Aulia , Ramadhani Dea , Gusfany Jhonanda Savna , Putri Yolanda
Published: July 2024

Jackfruit seeds have excellent nutritional quality, so they can help obtain healthy and nutritious food products. In this research, some wheat flour was replaced with jackfruit seed flour as the base ingredient for waffle cone ice cream. The amount of wheat flour added to the dough is the same as the amount of jackfruit seed flour added. Jackfruit seed flour was added after the effectiveness of using response surface methodology in the batter base for waffle ice cream. The waffle ice cream cone was made from 100% wheat flour, was considered a control, and was used to compare the waffle ice cream cone supplemented with jackfruit seed flour. Replacing wheat flour with jackfruit seed flour affects the nutritional content and characteristics of the waffle cone cream for protein content, ice cream permeability density, crunchiness, and overall acceptability. Protein content increased (14.55%) after adding jackfruit seed flour to 80% of the control level. The cone added with 60% jackfruit seed flour resulted in higher overall crunchiness and acceptability scores than other waffle ice cream cones because jackfruit seed flour has a high water/oil absorption capacity, jackfruit seed flour can be used to make other value-added food products as a substitute for wheat flour in whole or part.
Exploring the Role of Gut Microbiome in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: A Comparative Study
Authors: Durry Fara Disa , Nazarudin Muhammad , Narolita Eka , Laksono Rudy Dwi , Supriati Hamidah Sri
Published: July 2024

Chronic inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis, have been increasingly linked to alterations in the gut microbiome. This study aims to explore the role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic inflammatory diseases through a comparative analysis. The research employed a multi-omics approach, integrating metagenomics, metabolomics, and immunological techniques to characterize the gut microbial composition, metabolic profiles, and host-microbiome interactions across different chronic inflammatory conditions. Fecal samples, blood samples, and clinical data were collected from patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and healthy controls. Bioinformatics and statistical analyses were performed to identify distinct microbial signatures, metabolic pathways, and immune responses associated with each disease state. The findings revealed significant dysbiosis in the gut microbiome of patients with chronic inflammatory diseases, characterized by reduced diversity, altered microbial composition, and disrupted metabolic pathways. Specific bacterial taxa and metabolites were identified as potential biomarkers for disease severity and progression. Additionally, the study highlighted the intricate interplay between the gut microbiome, immune system, and inflammatory processes, providing insights into potential therapeutic targets and personalized interventions. The research concludes that the gut microbiome plays a crucial role in the development and perpetuation of chronic inflammatory diseases, and its modulation through dietary interventions, probiotics, or targeted therapies holds promise for improving disease management and patient outcomes.
MULTICULTURALISM ARGUMENTS IN STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY (STUDY ON ACCESSIBILITY OF DIFFABLE, FOREIGN STUDENTS AND NON-MUSLIM STUDENTS)
Authors: Burhanuddin Nunu , Hendri Novi
Published: July 2024

Implementation multiculturalism at the State Islamic University in Indonesia requires understanding and practice empirical about equality and spirit for life side by side in difference culture, ethnicity, language and religion. Equality and spirit life side by side is argument important about implementation multiculturalism on State Islamic Higher Education (PTKIN) in Indonesia. Article this aim elaborate arguments about application multiculturalism at PTKIN based on experience at State Islamic University Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi, State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, State Islamic University Malik Ibrahim Malang, State Islamic University Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, and State Islamic University Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung about accessibility student diffable, availability student foreign and affirmation non-Muslim students. Study this use method qualitative with type study field; primary data in the form of observation, interview deep, and studies documentation. The finding explain that accessibility student disabled, availability student foreign and affirmation to non-Muslim students as argument important for implementation of multiculturalism on each campus have difference on level understanding and practice empirical. This thing caused limitations of the programs offered and limitations facility support owned campus. Article this give contribution for PTKIN in confirm existence campus as multicultural campus.
The Effect of Online Learning Platforms, Inclusive Education Practices, and Teacher Professional Development on Student Achievement
Authors: Hadiana Dian , Kulsum Umi , Aminah Siti , Mursyidi Mursyidi , Isnani Tuti
Published: July 2024

This study explores the effect of online learning platforms, inclusive education practices, and teacher professional development on student achievement. The primary objective is to qualitatively analyze the literature to understand how these educational strategies contribute to enhancing student performance. The research employs a qualitative literature review methodology, synthesizing findings from academic articles, industry reports, case studies, and empirical studies to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge in this field.
The literature review methodology involves systematically collecting and analyzing scholarly sources that discuss various aspects of online learning platforms, inclusive education practices, and teacher professional development. The study categorizes the literature into key themes, such as the effectiveness of online learning platforms in providing flexible and accessible education, the role of inclusive education practices in fostering a supportive learning environment, and the impact of continuous teacher professional development on teaching quality and student outcomes. Thematic analysis is used to identify patterns and trends in how these strategies influence student achievement.
The findings indicate that online learning platforms, when effectively utilized, offer personalized and flexible learning experiences that can enhance student engagement and achievement. Inclusive education practices, such as differentiated instruction and support for diverse learning needs, create a more equitable and supportive environment that benefits all students. Teacher professional development is shown to be critical for improving instructional quality, keeping educators updated with the latest teaching methods, and ultimately boosting student performance.
Paradoks Perubahan Sosial Bali dalam Cerpen Indonesia dan Bali Modern
Authors: Sujaya I Made , I Kadek Adhi Dwipayana , Ni Luh Gede Liswahyuningsih
Published: July 2024

This article discusses the representation of Balinese social change in modern Indonesian and Balinese short stories. The objects of study are the Indonesian short story, "Paradoks" by Putu Wijaya and the Balinese short story, "Jaen Idup di Bali" by Made Suar-Timuhun. The main problem in this study is how social change in Bali and the response of the Balinese people represented in these two short stories. By using semiotics theory, especially Algirdas J. Greimas' isotopic analysis model, this study finds that the two short stories represent a paradox in Balinese social change. The Balinese characters in the short story are described as viewing Balinese social change with anxiety, whereas people from outside Bali see Balinese social change as a gift that must be grateful for. This paradoxical picture reflects the social reality in Balinese society today in facing social changes in its homeland.
The “Hong Kong 47” Verdict
Authors: Lo Pui-yin
Published: July 2024

Recently, the first court verdicts in the trial surrounding the “Hong Kong 47” were handed down. The trial is one of several political trials that are underway in Hong Kong (HK), a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). These trials are political partly because the accused are political figures involved in the 2019 civil unrest, partly because the accused are being tried under the National Security Law (NSL) introduced into HK by the PRC Central Authorities, and partly because they have been didactic spectacles revealing the actions and consequences sought by the accused. This blog post explains the background of the “Hong Kong 47” case and shows why it raises questions that are of interest outside of Hong Kong as well.
Crop establishment methods and management practices impact on rice yield parameters in central Punjab
Authors: KULDEEP KAUR  , KULWINDER KAUR GILL  , PRITPAL SINGH  , SANDEEP SINGH SANDHU
Published: July 2024

The field experiment was conducted to study the effect of varied crop establishment methods and management practices on yield parameters of cultivars ‘PR 122’, ‘PR 126’ and ‘Pusa 44’ during kharif 2020 and 2021. The direct seeded rice (DSR) method exhibited greater plant height, dry matter production and effective tillers per square meter, while puddled transplanted rice (PTR) method showed advantages in panicle length, 1000 grain weight, sterility % age and grain yield. However, the difference in these yield attributing factors between the two establishment methods were found to be statistically non-significant. The PTR method had higher numbers of grains per panicle and harvest index, while straw yield was significantly higher in the DSR method. Plant height, dry matter production, effective tillers per meter square, sterility % age, and straw yield were highest in Pusa 44 while no. of grains per panicle and harvest index were the highest in PR 126. Among nitrogen levels, plant height, dry matter production, effective tillers per meter square, panicle length, no. of grains per panicle, sterility % age and straw yield were significantly higher with 125 % of the recommended dose of nitrogen while the harvest index was significantly higher in leaf colour chart treatment. Rice cultivation practices under DSR, cultivar PR 126 and nitrogen application according to LCC are the better outcomes as compared to other treatments.
Tillage, crop residue management and nitrogen application impacts on soil properties under maize–wheat (Zea mays–Triticum aestivum) cropping system
Authors: R.S. GHUMAN  , HARMEET SINGH  , K.B. SINGH
Published: July 2024

Tillage intensity, crop residue retention and nitrogen application can significantly impact the soil properties and crop productivity. We studied the effect of tillage (deep tillage [DT] vs. shallow tillage [ST]) in main plots and residue management viz. conventional tillage without residue (CT-R), conventional tillage with residue (CT+R), minimum tillage without residue (MT-R) and minimum tillage with residue (MT+R) in sub plots and fertilizer-N at 75, 100 and 125% N (viz. N75, N100 and N125) in sub-sub plots. Field treatments were established in maize-wheat (Zea mays-Triticum aestivum) cropping system during 2016-2019 at two different locations in north-western India and were arranged in split-split plot design. The soil penetration resistance was significantly lower under deep tillage (3.4 to 3.7%) as compared to shallow tillage. CT+R recorded lowest penetration resistance as compared to other tillage and residue combinations but other soil properties like OC, available NPK, soil aggregation, infiltration rate did not differ significantly. The addition of crop residue both under minimum and conventional tillage significantly increased the soil microorganism count and dehydrogenase enzyme activity at both locations. CT-R recorded lowest microorganism count and dehydrogenase enzyme activity. The available soil nitrogen, microorganism count and dehydrogenase enzyme activity significantly increased with increasing nitrogen doses at both locations and were highest under 125% N level as compared to 75% and 100% levels. In both crops, the grain yield was not significantly affected by tillage and crop residue combinations while the different levels of nitrogen fertilizer significantly affected the grain yield. From soil health and sustainability point of view, CT+R treatment with 100% recommended dose of nitrogen in maize-wheat crop rotation seemed beneficial.
Response of high yielding varieties of sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid complex) to planting materials under waterlogged condition
Authors: NAVNIT KUMAR  , LALITA RANA  , A.K. SINGH
Published: July 2024

A 3 -years field experiment consisting of 2 planting materials viz., 3- bud setts and bud chips and 5 sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid complex) varieties (‘BO 91’, ‘CoP 16437’, ‘CoP 16438’ and ‘BO 156’) was conducted during spring seasons of 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19, to study the effect of planting materials and varieties on productivity of sugarcane under waterlogged conditions. Significantly higher plant population (157, 000/ha), plant height (292 cm), LAI (4.12), mortality percent (38.4%), length of internode (11.8 cm), millable canes (96, 300/ha) and B: C ratio (0.70) was observed with bud chip as planting material than three bud setts. However, significantly higher number of nodes having aerial roots (8.3), cane diameter (2.09 cm) and single cane weight (828 g) were observed with 3 bud setts. Among the varieties, ‘BO 156’ exhibited better growth performance under waterlogged conditions with higher tillers (175, 000/ha), plant height (295 cm), drymatter accumulation (29.5 t/ha) and number of internode/cane (12). The LAI (4.26) and number of nodes having aerial roots (8.9) were found higher in ‘BO 91’. Higher cane diameter (2.11 cm) and single cane weight (936 g) were obtained from ‘CoP 16437’. But the variety ‘BO 91’ recorded higher millable canes (107, 500/ha) which was statistically comparable to ‘BO 156’. The data indicated that variety ‘BO 156’ recorded significantly higher cane yield (78.0 t/ha), gross returns (₹226, 200/ha), net returns (₹107, 000/ha) and B: C ratio (0.90) but it was at par ‘CoP 16437’ in respect to cane yield and gross returns. The quality in terms of brix (19.5%) and pol (17.11%) of ‘CoP 16438’ and ‘CoP 16437’ was better than ‘CoP 092’ and ‘BO 156’ but the sugar yield of varieties ‘BO 156’ (9.1 t/ha) and ‘CoP 16437’ (8.4 t/ha) were at par to each other. The productivity and economic parameters indicated that bud chip raised settlings and sugarcane variety ‘BO 156’ is economically viable options under waterlogged conditions.