bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resident Attribution and Tourist Stereotypes
Authors: Hsu Cathy H. C. , Chen Nan
Published: February 2019

The value of attribution theory in explaining and predicting resident perceptions of/reactions toward tourists is underestimated by tourism scholars. This article critically analyses the evolution and underdevelopment of attribution theory, as well as the literature on tourist stereotypes which serve as heuristics that may bias attribution. Under the guidance of dual process theories, a comprehensive conceptual framework is developed to delineate the interactions between a three-step resident attribution process of encounters with tourists and tourist stereotypes’ activation, application/suppression, and modification. Potentially fruitful directions are suggested for future research. This conceptual article not only pioneers in establishing conceptual links between a tourism phenomenon and a social psychological theoretical development, but it also broadens the research paradigm of resident–tourist relationship studies.
Pioglitazone: The forgotten, cost-effective cardioprotective drug for type 2 diabetes
Authors: DeFronzo Ralph A , Inzucchi Silvio , Abdul-Ghani Muhammad , Nissen Steven E
Published: February 2019

Type 2 diabetes individuals are at high risk for macrovascular complications: myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular mortality. Recent cardiovascular outcome trials have demonstrated that agents in two antidiabetic classes (SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists) reduce major adverse cardiovascular events. However, there is strong evidence that an older and now generically available medication, the thiazolidinedione, pioglitazone, can retard the atherosclerotic process (PERISCOPE and Chicago) and reduce cardiovascular events in large randomized prospective cardiovascular outcome trials (IRIS and PROactive). Pioglitazone is a potent insulin sensitizer, preserves beta-cell function, causes durable reduction in HbA1c, corrects multiple components of metabolic syndrome and improves nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Adverse effects (weight gain, fluid retention, fractures) must be considered, but are diminished with lower doses and are arguably outweighed by these multiple benefits. With healthcare expenses attributable to diabetes increasing rapidly, this cost-effective drug requires reconsideration in the therapeutic armamentarium for the disease.
Specific Association Between Religiosity and Cognitive Functions in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Jung JaeHoon , Lee Chang Hyun , Shin Kitack , Roh Daeyoung , Lee Sang-Kyu , Moon Yoo Sun , Jon Duk-In , Kim Do Hoon
Published: February 2019

Objectives:

This study aimed to identify the specific relationship between subdomains of religious variables and cognitive functions in outpatients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Methods:

We recruited 325 patients with AD from a psychiatry outpatient clinic. The Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease and the Duke University Religion Index were used to assess cognitive functions and religiosity. We performed structural equation modeling and partial correlation analysis after controlling for demographic data.

Results:

The model in which religiosity beneficially affects cognitive functions showed acceptable model fit (root-mean-square error of approximation = 0.076, Tucker-Lewis index = 0.921, comparative fit index = 0.947). In the partial correlation analysis, organizational religious activity demonstrated positive relationships with memory ( r = 0.144, P = .010), language ( r = 0.149, P = .007), and constructional ability ( r = 0.191 P = .001). Nonorganizational religious activity and intrinsic religiosity were positively associated with memory ( r = 0.115, P = .040; r = 0.140, P = .012) and constructional ability ( r = 0.207, P = .000; r = 0.136, P = .015).

Conclusions:

The findings suggest that religiosity positively affects cognitive functions and that each religious variable is related differently to the subdomains of cognitive functions in patients with AD.
How diet and the microbiome shape health or contribute to disease: A mini-review of current models and clinical studies
Authors: Zangara Megan T , McDonald Christine
Published: February 2019

The human gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem of commensal microorganisms that help to shape host development and health. Host diet directly influences not only the composition, but also the function of the microbiome. In turn, the microbiome impacts the health of the host through production of metabolites from ingested food. Studies of this host-microbe relationship have recently enhanced our understanding of disease development and pathogenesis, and are now being targeted to combat disease symptoms and promote health. For example, dietary shifts to a high-fat, high-sugar “Western diet” drives microbiome dysbiosis in several disease models, which correlates with disease severity. Reintroduction of fiber, increased antioxidants, or decreases in fat and sugar intake helps to restore microbial balance to a healthier composition and often improves disease parameters. Analyses of microbiome-produced metabolites emphasize that understanding how diet shifts the function of the microbiome may be of critical importance for therapeutic targeting of the host-microbe relationship to promote health. In this mini-review, we discuss what is known about the three-way relationship between diet, the microbiome, and disease utilizing animal models, as well as the findings from human clinical trials of dietary therapeutics.

Impact statement

The studies reviewed in this article combine diet in the context of disease progression or treatment with analysis of the microbiome. First, we present findings on how diet manipulation impacts the microbiome and disease pathogenesis in a broad variety of rodent models of disease. Then, we describe results from clinical trials that are using diet therapies to attempt to shift the microbiome and treat disease symptoms. Finally, we discuss what these studies have taught us about the influence of the microbiome of disease and health states and highlight the evidence suggesting that dietary modulation of the microbiome is an emerging therapeutic option for a variety of different diseases.
Can prediction-based distributional semantic models predict typicality?
Authors: Heyman Tom , Heyman Geert
Published: February 2019

Recent advances in the field of computational linguistics have led to the development of various prediction-based models of semantics. These models seek to infer word representations from large text collections by predicting target words from neighbouring words (or vice versa). The resulting representations are vectors in a continuous space, collectively called word embeddings. Although psychological plausibility was not a primary concern for the developers of predictive models, it has been the topic of several recent studies in the field of psycholinguistics. That is, word embeddings have been linked to similarity ratings, word associations, semantic priming, word recognition latencies, and so on. Here, we build on this work by investigating category structure. Throughout seven experiments, we sought to predict human typicality judgements from two languages, Dutch and English, using different semantic spaces. More specifically, we extracted a number of predictor variables, and evaluated how well they could capture the typicality gradient of common categories (e.g., birds, fruit, vehicles, etc.). Overall, the performance of predictive models was rather modest and did not compare favourably with that of an older count-based model. These results are somewhat disappointing given the enthusiasm surrounding predictive models. Possible explanations and future directions are discussed.
The Impact of a Pedagogy Course on the Teaching Beliefs of Inexperienced Graduate Teaching Assistants
Authors: Lee Star W.
Published: February 2019

There has been little attention given to teaching beliefs of graduate teaching assistants (GTAs), even though they represent the primary teaching workforce for undergraduate students in discussion and laboratory sections at many research universities. Secondary school education studies have shown that teaching beliefs are malleable and can be shaped by professional development, particularly for inexperienced teachers. This study characterized inexperienced GTAs’ teaching beliefs about student learning and how they change with a science-specific pedagogy course that emphasized student learning. GTA teaching beliefs were characterized as traditional (providing information to students), instructive (providing activities for students), and transitional (focusing on student–teacher relationships). At the start of the course, traditional, instructive, and transitional beliefs were emphasized comparably in the concept maps and presentations of inexperienced GTAs. At the end of the course, although GTAs’ beliefs remained mostly teacher focused, they were more instructive than traditional or transitional. GTAs included teaching strategies and jargon from the course in their concept maps but provided minimal explanations about how opportunities for active student engagement would impact student learning. These results suggest there is a need to provide ongoing discipline-specific professional development to inexperienced GTAs as they develop and strengthen their teaching beliefs about student learning.
Gemcitabine and Oxaliplatin Chemotherapy or Surveillance in Resected Biliary Tract Cancer (PRODIGE 12-ACCORD 18-UNICANCER GI): A Randomized Phase III Study
Authors: Edeline Julien , Benabdelghani Meher , Bertaut Aurélie , Watelet Jérôme , Hammel Pascal , Joly Jean-Paul , Boudjema Karim , Fartoux Laetitia , Bouhier-Leporrier Karine , Jouve Jean-Louis , Faroux Roger , Guerin-Meyer Véronique , Kurtz Jean-Emmanuel , Assénat Eric , Seitz Jean-François , Baumgaertner Isabelle , Tougeron David , de la Fouchardière Christelle , Lombard-Bohas Catherine , Boucher Eveline , Stanbury Trevor , Louvet Christophe , Malka David , Phelip Jean-Marc
Published: February 2019

PURPOSE

No standard adjuvant treatment currently is recommended in localized biliary tract cancer (BTC) after surgical resection. We aimed to assess whether gemcitabine and oxaliplatin chemotherapy (GEMOX) would increase relapse-free survival (RFS) while maintaining health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients who undergo resection.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We performed a multicenter, open-label, randomized phase III trial in 33 centers. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) within 3 months after R0 or R1 resection of a localized BTC to receive either GEMOX (gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2 on day 1 and oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 infused on day 2 of a 2-week cycle) for 12 cycles (experimental arm A) or surveillance (standard arm B). Primary end points were RFS and HRQOL.

RESULTS

Between July 2009 and February 2014, 196 patients were included. Baseline characteristics were balanced between the two arms. After a median follow-up of 46.5 months (95% CI, 42.6 to 49.3 months), 126 RFS events and 82 deaths were recorded. There was no significant difference in RFS between the two arms (median, 30.4 months in arm A v 18.5 months in arm B; hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% CI, 0.62 to 1.25; P = .48). There was no difference in time to definitive deterioration of global HRQOL (median, 31.8 months in arm A v 32.1 months in arm B; HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 0.73 to 2.26; log-rank P = .39). Overall survival was not different (median, 75.8 months in arm A v 50.8 months in arm B; HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.70 to 1.66; log-rank P = .74). Maximal adverse events were grade 3 in 62% (arm A) versus 18% (arm B) and grade 4 in 11% versus 3% ( P < .001).

CONCLUSION

There was no benefit of adjuvant GEMOX in resected BTC despite adequate tolerance and delivery of the regimen.
Adjuvant Hysterectomy in Patients With Residual Disease After Radiation for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: A Prospective Longitudinal Study
Authors: Pervin Shahana , Ruma Farzana Islam , Rahman Khadija , Ferdous Jannatul , Ara Rifat , Abu Syed Mollah Mohamed , Goodman Annekathryn
Published: February 2019

PURPOSE

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of hysterectomy in the control of pelvic disease in patients with post-irradiated residual cervical cancer.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Forty patients were treated at either National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICRH) or Delta Cancer Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh, with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IIB to IIIB disease with residual disease after the following: either concurrent chemoradiation with or without brachytherapy, induction chemotherapy and external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) with or without brachytherapy, or only EBRT. Patients were treated by either radical hysterectomy or extrafascial hysterectomy.

RESULTS

From 2009 to June 2013, 55 patients were evaluated for central residual disease on their presentations to NICRH or Delta Hospital. Patients with distant recurrences after primary radiation were excluded. Forty patients had invasive cancer on biopsy and underwent either radical hysterectomy or extrafascial hysterectomy. Surgery was performed 14 to 18 weeks after the initial treatment. Of the 29 women who underwent extrafascial hysterectomy, four (13.8%) developed recurrent disease, and one died; none of the 11 patients treated by radical hysterectomy experienced recurrences during the study period. Morbidity was increased in patients who underwent radical hysterectomy. Overall 90% of patients (36 of 40 patients) who underwent surgery had no evidence of disease at 5 years of follow-up.

CONCLUSION

Surgery is a viable treatment option for patients with residual cervical cancer after radiation. Radical hysterectomy after radiation is more morbid but has better tumor control than extrafascial hysterectomy.
Late-onset Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Rabinovici Gil D.
Published: February 2019

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common cause of late-onset dementia. This article describes the epidemiology, genetic and environmental risk factors, clinical diagnosis, biomarkers, and treatment of late-onset AD, defined by age of onset of 65 years or older.

RECENT FINDINGS

An estimated 5.7 million Americans are living with AD dementia, with the number of affected individuals growing rapidly because of an aging population. Vascular risk factors, sleep disorders, and traumatic brain injury are associated with an increased risk of AD, while increased cognitive and physical activity throughout the lifespan reduce the risk of disease. The primary genetic risk factor for late-onset AD is the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele. AD typically presents with early and prominent episodic memory loss, although this clinical syndrome is neither sensitive nor specific for underlying AD neuropathology. Emerging CSF and imaging biomarkers can now detect the key neuropathologic features of the disease (amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and neurodegeneration) in living people, allowing for characterization of patients based on biological measures. A comprehensive treatment plan for AD includes use of symptomatic medications, optimal treatment of comorbid conditions and neuropsychiatric symptoms, counseling about safety and future planning, and referrals to community resources.

AD is very common in older neurologic patients. Neurologists should set the standard for the diagnosis and care of patients with AD and should be familiar with emerging biomarkers that have transformed AD research and are primed to enter the clinical arena.
Prescribing Antipsychotic Medications to Patients With Dementia: Boxed Warnings and Mitigation of Legal Liability
Authors: Rose Rachel V. , Kass Joseph S.
Published: February 2019

Clinicians caring for patients with dementia are often at a loss when trying to manage dementia-related behavioral disturbances pharmacologically because no drugs have been proven effective for this indication. Antipsychotics are commonly prescribed for these patients despite a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–mandated boxed warning about the heightened risk of death in patients with dementia treated with antipsychotic drugs. This boxed warning does not prevent clinicians from prescribing antipsychotics to patients with dementia. However, it serves as a heightened warning to prescribers to include the specific risks mentioned in the boxed warning in their discussion of risks and benefits of the proposed therapy with their patients or their patients’ health care proxy and to document this informed consent conversation in the medical record. By documenting that the risks of the treatment, including those the FDA has deemed serious enough to include in a boxed warning, were discussed and accepted by the medical decision maker, the prescriber also reduces the risk of liability should an adverse event ensue.
How can developmental biology help feed a growing population?
Authors: Boden Scott A. , Østergaard Lars
Published: February 2019

Agriculture is challenged globally from a variety of fronts, including a steady increase in world population, changes in climate and a requirement to reduce fertiliser inputs. In the production of crops that are able to overcome these challenges, developmental biology can play a crucial role. The process of domesticating wild progenitors into edible crops is closely linked to modification of developmental processes, and the steps that are needed to face the current challenges will equally require developmental modifications. In this Spotlight, we describe the achievements by developmental biologists in identifying the genes responsible for domestication of some of the most important crops, and highlight that developmental biology is in a unique position to remain centre stage in improving crop performance to meet current and future demands. We propose that the explosive technological advances in sequencing, genome editing and advanced data processing provide an excellent opportunity for researchers to combine scientific disciplines and realise the continued potential of plants as the primary food source for generations to come.
Influence of the extracellular matrix on cell-intrinsic circadian clocks
Authors: Streuli Charles H. , Meng Qing-Jun
Published: February 2019

Cell-autonomous circadian clocks coordinate tissue homeostasis with a 24-hourly rhythm. The molecular circadian clock machinery controls tissue- and cell type-specific sets of rhythmic genes. Disruptions of clock mechanisms are linked to an increased risk of acquiring diseases, especially those associated with aging, metabolic dysfunction and cancer. Despite rapid advances in understanding the cyclic outputs of different tissue clocks, less is known about how the clocks adapt to their local niche within tissues. We have discovered that tissue stiffness regulates circadian clocks, and that this occurs in a cell-type-dependent manner. In this Review, we summarise new work linking the extracellular matrix with differential control of circadian clocks. We discuss how the changes in tissue structure and cellular microenvironment that occur throughout life may impact on the molecular control of circadian cycles. We also consider how altered clocks may have downstream impacts on the acquisition of diseases.
An audit and service evaluation of the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in a paediatric dentistry department
Authors: Mizban Laith , El-Belihy Mohamed , Vaidyanathan Mina , Brown Jackie
Published: February 2019

Objectives:

CBCT exposes the paediatric patient to a higher X-ray dose and risk than normal dental radiographs. This study has two components: an audit and service evaluation. The audit aims to assess whether the use of CBCT in a Paediatric Dentistry department at a London hospital complies with European guidelines (SEDENTEXCT). The service evaluation aims to explore the influence of CBCT on treatment planning.

Methods:

Two 6 month audit cycles were completed, where CBCT requests were audited to check whether image justifications comply with SEDENTEXCT. For the service evaluation, a total of 50 patient records were examined for the effect of CBCT on definitive treatment plans.

Results:

The first audit demonstrated 94% compliance with SEDENTEXCT. After instituting staff training in CBCT, compliance improved to 100%. In the service evaluation, 100% of CBCTs were found to provide information that impacted on the clinicians’ treatment planning, diagnosis and/or management. Of most significance, 44% of treatment plans were changed because of new information provided by CBCT.

Conclusions:

There are few studies investigating the use of CBCT in paediatric dentistry and the impact of this investigation. This service evaluation shows that CBCT can play an important role in optimising paediatric patient outcomes. The need for robust staff training in CBCT referrals to prevent over prescription is demonstrated in the audit cycles.
Projetos de igualdade de direitos às pessoas LGBT: significados das/os professoras/es sobre o seu protagonismo
Authors: Neves André Luiz Machado das , Silva Iolete Ribeiro da
Published: February 2019

O presente artigo aborda os significados atribuídos por professoras e professores sobre o protagonismo em projetos de promoção à igualdade de direitos, voltados à LGBT na escola. Utilizou-se a abordagem qualitativa a partir da perspectiva histórico-cultural. Participaram 05 professores que atuavam na rede estadual de Manaus, Amazonas. Realizou-se entrevistas semiestruturadas, individuais. Para análise dos dados, foi utilizada a proposta de Núcleos de Significação. Verificou-se que os significados das/os participantes como: não obrigação, cobrado, forçado, imposição e aversão funcionam como mantenedores da não implicação com à promoção da igualdade de direitos com LGBT na escola. Porém, há professores que compreendem a importância desta atuação em projetos dessa natureza. Destaca-se que neste contexto, apenas um professor verbalizou essa relevância em seu discurso. Por outro lado, foi verificado uma professora que "por questões religiosas" não se vincularia a projetos que abordassem o tema gênero e sexualidade e outro professor que alegou que se tivesse tempo ou fosse dispensado da carga horária participaria. É invisível nas narrativas a transversalidade desses temas como um assunto que pode ser abordado em sala de aula. Se fosse transversal ao menos na sala, seria uma possibilidade de protagonismo em projetos/ações de igualdade de direitos à LGBT na escola.
Uso do Role-Playing Game no treinamento de habilidade de enfrentamento das situações de risco para o uso de drogas
Authors: Scattone Vitor Villar , Tucci Adriana Marcassa
Published: February 2019

O Role-Playing Game (RPG) é uma intervenção lúdica que pode favorecer o treinamento de habilidades de enfrentamento (THE). O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia do uso do RPG no THE das situações de risco para o uso de drogas, mais especificamente, avaliar a autoconfiança do usuário para resistir a esse uso nessas situações. Estudo exploratório, randomizado e constituído por grupos controle e experimental, com cinco usuários em cada. Os participantes estavam internados em uma instituição privada. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) e Brief Situational Confidence Questionnaire (BSCQ). A análise de dados foi realizada por meio da análise de variância com medidas repetidas. A intervenção ocorreu ao longo de quatro semanas, com um encontro semanal e no formato de grupo. Os resultados apontam que o THE proporcionou aumento da autoconfiança dos participantes no enfrentamento de diferentes situações de risco que desencadeiam o uso de drogas, especialmente diante de situações de conflitos pessoais, familiares e sociais; houve também aumento da autoconfiança para recusar o uso de droga em situações que a usava descontroladamente. O RPG pode ser uma ferramenta útil e complementar para THE das situações de risco para o uso de drogas.
Enhanced Solar Water Splitting Performance of 50-100 nm Pore Sized TiO2 Nanotubes
Authors: Kathiresan K. , Elangovan P. , Saravanakumaar M.S.S.
Published: February 2019

Herein, we report the fabrication of titanium dioxide nanotubes via anodization technique through with and without hydrofluoric acid . The impact of hydrofluoric acid followed by annealing effect on TiO2 nanotubes for the solar water splitting performance was examined. Prepared TiO2 samples exhibited a diameter of about 50 to 100 nm sized nanotubes and hierarchical structures and they subjected to annealing. Synthesis and annealing effects on chemical, physical and photoelectrochemical water splitting activity of TiO2 samples were scrutinized. The crystalline nature, structure and surface morphologies of prepared TiO2 photocatalysts were explored by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and the oxidation states of both titanium and oxygen was determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. As a consequence, after annealing at 500 ºC, TiO2 thin films treated with hydrofluoric acid solution (HF-TiO2) were found to exhibit a remarkable photoelectrochemical performance than bare TiO2 nanotubes under UV light irradiation. Moreover, the mechanistic insights acquired in the current research would be beneficial to design a novel and highly efficient photocatalyst for solar water splitting systems.
Effect of Extraction Time and Solvent Power on Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Momordica charantia L. Fruit Extracts
Authors: Malik Rayees Ahmad , Saad Mabroukah Massuod , Tiwari Surabhi
Published: February 2019

This work reports the analysis of phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of Momordica charantia L. fruit extracts at different extraction conditions. The standard procedures are achieved by ferric reducing antioxidant, nitric oxide scavenging assay methods. Extraction under different maceration periods viz. 6, 12, 24 and 48 h organic solvent especially ethanol was found more effective followed by water extract, acetone and ethyl acetate. The maximum number of phytochemicals were observed at 12 h followed by 6 h. Hence, the medium time duration influences the extraction of phytochemicals at 12, 6 h rather than 24 and 48 h. The ferric reducing antioxidant activity was observed maximum at 12 h (0.156 ± 0.012, 79.31 %) followed by 6 h (0.149 ± 0.022, 71.26 %), 24 h (0.143 ± 0.032, 64.36 %) and 48 h (0.139 ± 0.023, 59.77 %) in ethanolic extract. Similarly the nitric oxide scavenging activity was observed maximum at 12 h (0.093 ± 0.023, 76.53 %) followed by 6 h (0.113 ± 0.043, 71.17 %), 24 h (0.134 ± 0.031, 65.81 %) and 48 h (0.161 ± 0.053, 58.92 %) in ethanolic extract followed by aqueous, acetone, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether and hexane extracts at 12 h with respect to standard (ascorbic acid). The results show that the ethanol is more effective for extraction of phytochemicals followed by water extract. The maximum number of phytochemicals are obtained at medium time duration (12 h) in ethanolic extract. Hence demonstrates that fruit extracts are important sources of natural antioxidant agents.
Novel and Environmentally Friendly Synthesis of Pimavanserin (5-HT2A Receptor)
Authors: Rapolu Rajesh Kumar , Prasada Raju V.V.N.K.V. , Chavali Murthy , Mulakayala Naveen
Published: February 2019

Eco-friendly synthesis of pimavanserin was developed from the key starting material 4-isobutoxy benzylamine in three different routes using water as solvent. These reactions provide an advantage of easy workup, good yields of products and uses water as the solvent. No column purification was required for the isolation of the product.
Critical Approaches to Emotions of Non-Native English Speaking Teachers
Authors: Song Juyoung
Published: February 2019

A growing number of recent studies in applied linguistics focus on teacher emotions in response to several major shifts within the field, expanding the scope of analyses to include the social and affective dimensions of second language education. This paper aims to expand the discussion on the emotions of non-native English speaking teachers (NNESTs) by examining their anxiety from the perspective of sociopolitical and socioeconomic theories. By introducing three theories on emotions developed by Raymond Williams (1977), Pierre Bourdieu (1986), and Sara Ahmed (2015), I demonstrate how their insights on the social construction and circulation of emotions can be applied to NNESTs’ emotional struggles in relation to structural inequalities. Then, I discuss theoretical and practical implications of this perspective on language teaching and teacher education, calling for criticality in the area of teacher emotions.
Caring to Teach: Exploring the Affective Economies of English Teachers in Singapore
Authors: Pereira Andrew J.
Published: February 2019

The ethical project of education hinges on the ideal of caring relations between teachers and students, an ideal that entails deep emotional commitments on the part of teachers. Drawing on interview data from a larger study of teachers’ lived experiences in Singapore’s secondary schools, this paper examines the cultural politics of caring as an emotional practice in teaching. The ethic of care serves to construct normative accounts of good teaching based on “feeling rules,” and becomes a disciplinary technology for evaluating the professional, social and emotional competencies of teachers. I suggest that this project in turn entails an ideological effort to mobilize teachers’ emotional attachment to this ethical ideal. The ethic of care shapes the subjectivities, beliefs, and practices of English teachers, particularly as they circulate through the neoliberal imperatives of educational accountability regimes.
Age-related disturbances in DNA (hydroxy)methylation in APP/PS1 mice
Authors: Chouliaras Leonidas , Lardenoije Roy , Kenis Gunter , Mastroeni Diego , Hof Patrick R. , Os Jim van , Steinbusch Harry W.M. , van Leeuwen Fred W. , Rutten Bart P.F. , van den Hove Daniel L.A.
Published: February 2019

Brain aging has been associated with aberrant DNA methylation patterns, and changes in the levels of DNA methylation and associated markers have been observed in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. DNA hydroxymethylation, however, has been sparsely investigated in aging and AD. We have previously reported robust decreases in 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) in the hippocampus of AD patients compared to non-demented controls. In the present study, we investigated 3- and 9-month-old APPswe/PS1ΔE9 transgenic and wild-type mice for possible age-related alterations in 5-mC and 5-hmC levels in three hippocampal sub-regions using quantitative immunohistochemistry. While age-related increases in levels of both 5-mC and 5-hmC were found in wild-type mice, APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice showed decreased levels of 5-mC at 9 months of age and no age-related changes in 5-hmC throughout the hippocampus. Altogether, these findings suggest that aberrant amyloid processing impact on the balance between DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in the hippocampus during aging in mice.
Moving Pieces
Authors: Tamas Sophie
Published: February 2019

This piece offers a handful of poems written over the past few years, during a time of profound departures, pivots, and journeys that have mostly happened within the innocuous orbits of everyday life in familiar spaces. They might provide a micro-scale situated examination of self/other care-giving dynamics or add to the feminist conversation around academic subjectivity and slow scholarship or sketch a terrain that pieces together into an impressionistic map of the emotional and affective geography of professionally and relationally moving on.
I'm So Glad I Came, but I Can't Wait to Leave
Authors: Rodríguez-Dorans Edgar
Published: February 2019

Can a theatre play provide actors and audiences with a feeling of being at home? This article is an autoethnographic work that addresses how the author finds, in his work directing the research-based theatre play Heavier than Air devised by Anne Harris and Stacy Holman Jones, a self-identification with its queer characters. Describing it as a play that explicitly and implicitly welcomes people to be queer and to tell their stories, the author analyzes how the play also symbolizes the free movement of people and the quest for home.
Creating and Performing “I Accept My Role”
Authors: Scott Julie-Ann
Published: February 2019

This artist statement and poetic response to Ed Mabrey's poem map my ongoing journey to understanding my role in the cultural pursuit of racial justice. I begin with my initial reactions to the request to respond to Mabrey's poem as part of the Opening Session of the 2017 National Communication Association annual convention and explain my reasons for choosing to respond with an autoethnographic poem. I then trace my understandings of racism as 1) a working-class white child in a northern factory town, 2) a first-generation college student and academic, and 3) a parent of sons growing up in a racially divided southern US city. Location, relationships, power, and privilege emerge intertwined in my ongoing lived experience, art, and advocacy.
Our Legacy Needs To Be Better
Authors: Olzman Miranda Dottie
Published: February 2019

In this short essay, I analyze a poem and performance that I wrote as a part of the Opening Session for the 2017 National Communication Association annual convention. In the poem, which is a response to and inspired by Ed Mabrey's “The Libretto of the Opera: Death of a Black Boy,” I take us through a day on social media and the news cycle after a Black boy has been murdered by police officers. The poem illuminates dangerous social media responses centered in whiteness post-Black death in the United States. In the essay, I explicate my process for writing this performance—centering the need for reflexivity instead of white guilt so that white people can do clearly antiracist work. I end by focusing on academia's potential for leaving a stronger and more positive legacy.
Everything in Its Right Place
Authors: McCorkell Tobias
Published: February 2019

The following fiction excerpt comprises the first two chapters of a current work in progress, the manuscript for a novel, Everything in Its Right Place. Set in Melbourne, Australia, the premise of the manuscript is as follows: A sixteen-year-old must come to terms with the trauma of his childhood, and the relationship with his father that made it so difficult, in order to navigate the complexities of his present life—girls, mates, a posh new school, the footy season, and a mother on the brink of collapse.
Evaluation of INSeq To Identify Genes Essential for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PGPR2 Corn Root Colonization
Authors: Sivakumar Ramamoorthy , Ranjani Jothi , Vishnu Udayakumar S , Jayashree Sathyanarayanan , Lozano Gabriel L , Miles Jessica , Broderick Nichole A , Guan Changhui , Gunasekaran Paramasamy , Handelsman Jo , Rajendhran Jeyaprakash
Published: February 2019

The reciprocal interaction between rhizosphere bacteria and their plant hosts results in a complex battery of genetic and physiological responses. In this study, we used insertion sequencing (INSeq) to reveal the genetic determinants responsible for the fitness of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PGPR2 during root colonization. We generated a random transposon mutant library of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PGPR2 comprising 39,500 unique insertions and identified genes required for growth in culture and on corn roots. A total of 108 genes were identified as contributing to the fitness of strain PGPR2 on roots. The importance in root colonization of four genes identified in the INSeq screen was verified by constructing deletion mutants in the genes and testing them for the ability to colonize corn roots singly or in competition with the wild type. All four mutants were affected in corn root colonization, displaying 5- to 100-fold reductions in populations in single inoculations, and all were outcompeted by the wild type by almost 100-fold after seven days on corn roots in mixed inoculations of the wild type and mutant. The genes identified in the screen had homology to genes involved in amino acid catabolism, stress adaptation, detoxification, signal transduction, and transport. INSeq technology proved a successful tool to identify fitness factors in P. aeruginosa PGPR2 for root colonization.
Theater Improvisation Promoting Interpersonal Confidence of Student Teachers: A Controlled Intervention Study
Authors: Seppänen Sirke , Tiippana Kaisa , Jääskeläinen Iiro , Saari Olli , Toivanen Tapio
Published: February 2019

This study examined the effects of a theater-based improvisation method for promoting student-teachers’ self-rated social interaction competence. 39 undergraduate students participated in an intervention study applying the improvisation method in the context of teacher education. The intervention group (N=19) were trained in the basics of improvisation (7 weeks x 2.5 h) and the control group (N=18) received a shorter improvisation course after the study (2 days x 3.5 h). Participants filled out two self-report questionnaires assessing their interpersonal confidence and self-esteem before and after the intervention. Our results show that self-rated interpersonal confidence increased significantly for those participants, who scored low in the pre-test. On the other hand, there were no between-group differences in self-esteem. This might be due to more consistent nature of self-esteem, comparable to basic personality traits such as extraversion or neuroticism. The results of the study indicate that a relatively short improvisation intervention promotes the interpersonal confidence of those teacher-students who need it the most. This result concurs with previous studies, suggesting that including improvisation method in teacher education curricula can enhance teacher-students’ social interaction capabilities and their responsive teaching.
University Music Educators Creating Piano-Learning Environments in Finnish Primary School Teacher Education
Authors: Sepp Anu , Hietanen Lenita , Enbuska Jukka , Tuisku Vesa , Ruokonen Inkeri , Ruismäki Heikki
Published: February 2019

The importance of supportive learning environments has been considered of utmost importance. In Finnish universities where the educational entities are being re-organised, teacher educators have to reconsider and also reorganise the learning environments to sustain the quality of teaching. At the Universities of Helsinki and Lapland, where the primary school student teachers music programmes are under serious pressure, a large scale research project “Arctic Reformative and Exploratory Teaching Profession” (ArkTop), was launched, aiming to support teachers’ life-long professional development by organizing research based in-service courses, thus, providing possibilities for cooperation and creating networks between universities and comprehensive schools in Lapland through shared expertise, critical reflections and research. Part of this project focuses on different possibilities for developing music, including piano courses in primary school teacher education. In this particular study, the issues of piano-learning environments are examined. The study focuses on mapping the main problems and finding possible solutions in music programmes for creating supportive piano-learning environments in primary school teacher education by analysing topic-specific curricular documents of both universities and the interview data drawn from a number of lecturers. In order to create the best possible learning environments, it is essential to explore how university music educators comprehend the opportunities for designing piano-learning environments.
Acción sin daño, políticas públicas y construcción de paz (1989-2010)
Authors: Correa Perdomo Andrea Victoria
Published: February 2019

Al considerar las políticas públicas como una ampliación de las intervenciones del Estado, cuyo análisis se ha configurado como un campo de estudio y ha transformado su comprensión, Olga Vásquez y Wilson Mellizo compendian las reflexiones que diversos autores y autoras adelantan alrededor de cuatro políticas públicas, desde los presupuestos teóricos del enfoque de Acción Sin Daño (ASD) y su pertinencia para el contexto de construcción de paz en nuestro país.Los editores parten de reconocer las particularidades de los últimos 70 años del conflicto colombiano, en los que este ha complejizado las dinámicas sociales y en donde la respuesta estatal al respecto ha sido fragmentada e insuficiente. Con este planteamiento y recogiendo brevemente los elementos que dieron origen al establecimiento del enfoque de ASD en el país, el equipo de investigación se propone identificar los impactos generados por los procesos de construcción de políticas públicas que no contemplan el enfoque ético citado, así como sumarse a las diversas iniciativas para la construcción de paz en el país, a través de esta perspectiva ética y de intervención.En su estructura, el texto presenta seis capítulos, cuatro de los cuales se enfocan en el análisis de las políticas públicas (APP), acompañados de una introducción al enfoque de ASD y su aporte en el APP; y una última sección de hallazgos y conclusiones, orientada a resaltar el contexto institucional del país, los mínimos éticos de la ASD en las políticas públicas y a generar aportes significativos para la construcción de paz en el escenario de posacuerdo.
Estimation of the occurrence of foodborne salmonellosis in Hungary
Authors: Vajda Á. , Kasza Gy. , Mohácsi-Farkas Cs.
Published: February 2019

While in developed countries research findings are available on the estimation of the realistic number of different diseases and their economic impact at social level, in Central and Eastern European countries these country specific data are neither sufficient nor reliable. This study partially fills the gap and gives a picture of the real number of foodborne salmonellosis in Hungary. In the spring of 2017, a survey about diarrhoeal and foodborne diseases was conducted by interviewing 1001 adults (over the age of 18). Our survey showed that approximately 18 times more individuals are suffering fromSalmonellainfection than it is assumed under the national and international epidemiological database. Based on our estimation, the annual number of foodborne salmonellosis may range from 91 242 to 105 606 in Hungary. In this paper a methodology has been developed to estimate the true occurrence of this disease. Our results can be used to calculate the costs-benefit ratios of future salmonellosis prevention programmes and inform decision-makers on the effectiveness ofSalmonella-related measures in the area of food safety.
USE ORAL HISTORY OF IN THE ANALYSIS OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE ERP SYSTEM IN THE MANUFACTURE
Authors: De Almeida Ari Ricardo , Pelarin André Luís , Crispim Ingrid Aparecida Siqueira
Published: February 2019

This paper reports the implementation of an ERP system in the industrial area aiming at improvements in the standard of quality, cost and agility. After consolidation in the area using MRP II, the ERP was extended to the other areas of the organization. The methodology used in this study was oral history in an alternative way to make more relevant the results of academic research, this approach establishes as being of great relevance to the historical constitution of the profession. The objective of this work is to investigate the perception of organizational change that occurred with the implementation of a business management system (ERP) by the agents involved in this process focusing on project manager, project team and end users providing consistent data for analysis and execution of objectives proposed by the study. Two interviews were conducted with a consultant, being conducted face-to-face with a focus on the changes that occurred in the manufacturing module, through the implementation of MRP II. In the discussions proposed with the structured questionnaire, it was possible to notice that manufacturers of ERP systems have followed the evolutions in the manufacturing systems proposed especially integration in the management of the supply chain. In Brazil, ERP systems in manufacturing have presented updates to meet ancillary obligations imposed by the Treasury in the search for reduction of evasion.
Modernization, Feminism, and Delmira Agustini
Authors: Jrade Cathy L.
Published: February 2019

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Knowing What to Do in School: what is it useful for educational leaders, teachers and students to think about?
Authors: Blanchard John
Published: February 2019

This article tries to show that combining opportunities to imitate and study with self-inspired and autonomous activities can facilitate the exploitation and exploration of different kinds of knowledge and ways of learning. This approach might inform leaders' and teachers' education
and development with a focus on promoting students' capability and understanding through problem-solving and the pursuit of projects for personal satisfaction and public recognition. The intention is for effective teaching and learning to contribute to healthy, inclusive, productive communities
in a sustainable world.
Learning without Limits: using the power of the collective to foster professional learning
Authors: Hart Susan , Swann Mandy , Yarker Patrick
Published: February 2019

In this article, members of the Learning without Limits research team describe the establishment and work of the Learning without Limits network. This network brings together practitioners, school leaders, academics and others involved in education to further develop approaches to anti-determinist
pedagogy, and to consider the issues which arise. We urge teachers, wherever possible, to do their thinking in the company of others, seeking help, sharing complexities, supporting each other by building collective power in schools, local networks and contacts with higher
education institutions. (Swann et al 2012, p. 118) Learning without Limits is a body of research dedicated to developing approaches to teaching and learning free from the constraints imposed by fixedability thinking. It was, and continues to be, developed through partnerships
between teachers and academics. This way of working ensures that the ideas and principles developed through the study of individual teachers and schools are rooted in authentic, real-life contexts. But sustained support is needed if a wider group of teachers and schools is to engage with,
take forward and build innovatively on the insights derived from previous projects. In this article, we describe what we have been able to do, with very limited resources, to create conditions in which the kinds of professional learning needed to foster Learning without Limits can flourish.
Feeling Less Than Other People: attainment scores as symbols of children's worth
Authors: Hargreaves Eleanore
Published: February 2019

This article addresses how an educational purpose of social efficiency, such as the one we have in England, affects each child's school Life-history and the process through which children thereby come to identify themselves. The author considers whether schools could engage in practices
that decrease pupils' resignation to a system that controls them, and enhance children's resilience; she also considers their resistance towards being unjustly controlled. She addresses this question by exploring primary schooling's relatively recent practice of grouping children according
to their attainment scores on tests of maths and writing. She explores how such grouping may contribute to a perception of children as only as valuable as their test scores. With reference to a particular pupil, Wayne, who describes his school Life-history, the author emphasises how struggling
with one high-stakes subject can lead children to a sense of being 'less than other people', even when a child has obvious knowledge and skill in other curriculum areas. She then previews a Leverhulme research project which has recently begun, which narrates and investigates 'Children's Life-histories
In Primary Schools' (CLIPS) across five years of school, to identify the role played by attainment labels in children's social and cognitive development.