bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advertising Cycling to Manage Exclusivity Loss in Fashion Styles
Authors: Bruce Norris I. , Krishnamoorthy Anand , Prasad Ashutosh
Published: September 2022

How Should Fashion Brands Use Advertising to Increase Sales while Remaining Exclusive?

Fashion consumption signals a consumer’s status to the broader population, so fashion brands and their consumers value exclusivity. Consequently, fashion advertising must balance sales generation with exclusivity loss. In this paper, we develop a model with these features of fashion and estimate it using advertising, price, and sales data for two styles of handbags and sunglasses. Our analysis provides insights for advertising budgeting and scheduling and finds that advertising optimally should decrease as the product increases in popularity and vice versa. This exerts a braking force on sales oscillations so that the fashion cycle decays as does the optimal advertising path. In addition to demonstrating how advertising cycling can impact a fashion firm’s profitability, we show how different styles of a fashion brand can cycle at different rates. By connecting advertising cycles to fashion cycles, we provide prescriptions for how fashion firms should manage different styles of the same brand.
Validity and Reliability of the Depression Attitude Questionnaire: Korean Version
Authors: Park Kyung Mi
Published: September 2022

Purpose: This study tested the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Depression Attitude Questionnaire of Nurse (DAQ-K). The scale measures the attitudes toward depression among Korean nurses.Methods: The DAQ-K was developed using forward-backward translation techniques. An internal consistency reliability as well as construct validity using exploratory analysis, were conducted using SPSS/WIN (21.0). The data were collected from 234 nurses at two tertiary hospitals, four general hospitals, and two hospitals in D and S city, South Korea.Results: Factor analysis results of the revised DAQ-K demonstrated that it has a four-factor structure(professional confidence, a generalist perspective, therapeutic perspective, negative prejudice) that supports construct validity. Factor loadings of the 14 items were .42-.80. The DAQ-K showed reliable internal consistency from Cronbach’s ⍺ for the total scale of .74.Conclusion: Results showed that the DAQ-K has satisfactory construct validity, and is a reliable measure of attitudes toward depression among nurses in Korea. This revised scale is likely to be useful in examining attitudes across the nurses in Korea, and may be valuable for evaluating training that addresses nurses’ attitudes towards depression.
Recovery from Gambling Disorder: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis
Authors: Kim Jandi , Ryu Ahra , Lee Hyunsun , Jeong Haemin , Han Sumin , Kim Sungjae
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Gambling disorder is highly prevalent, and harms individuals, families, interpersonal relationships, and society. However, the efforts to treat and recover from a gambling disorder are insufficient. The purpose of this study was to construct an integrated body of knowledge related to the recovery of gambling disorder, by synthesizing qualitative studies showing the recovery process in gambling.Methods: The qualitative meta-synthesis method was used to search for qualitative studies on recovery from gambling, and the experiences of 213 people of 22 articles were analyzed.Results: The overall theme representing the recovery of a gambling disorder was derived as ‘the journey of becoming the master of my life and growing together’. The process of recovery from a gambling disorder was subdivided into the decision-making phase, life-reconstruction phase, and life-fulfillment phase. The factors that enable as well as hinder recovery are presented in detail.Conclusion: It is expected that the results of this study can be used as an empirical basis, for planning gambling-related policies and programs in practice through the experiences of recovering gamblers.
Thermal comfort during emergency transport by ambulance services
Authors: Gaumont Damien F
Published: September 2022

Background:

Cold is an unpleasant sensation and is linked to increased anxiety, pain and risk of hypothermia. A question was developed to test the authors' hypothesis that patients would feel cold while being transported to an Irish emergency department (ED) by the Ambulance Service (NAS).

Method:

A survey of a convenience sample of 96 respondents was undertaken, for 77 consecutive hours in March 2020 at University Hospital Limerick's ED. During that period, the NAS transported 163 patients to the ED. A seven-point Likert satisfaction rating scale was used to assess perception. Taking this in combination with a visual assessment of personal insulation and the vehicle's patient compartment heater status, this project endeavoured to determine the passengers' thermal comfort.

Results:

Fifty-three per cent of the sample (n=51) were women, 22% (n=21) were escorts and 78% (n=75) were patients. Forty-two patients (56%) were aged >65 years. Of those interviewed, 66.6% (n=64) rated 0 (neutral/comfortable/I didn't notice) at the beginning of their journey and 67.7% (n=65) rated 0 at the end of their journey. Thirteen reported finding the ambulance cold at the beginning of their journey, and five reported still being cold at the end of it. In contrast, 15 respondents found the ambulance warm. The vehicle's patient compartment heater was switched on in 80% (n=69) of the 86 journeys. Transportation had a median time of 27.5 minutes (range: 3–90 minutes). The recorded air temperature at the nearest weather station ranged between −0.8°C and 10.1°C, significantly lower than the average for the time of the year.

Conclusions:

During this relatively cold week, two-thirds of passengers rated their thermal comfort in the ambulance as comfortable, 15 were warm beyond comfortable and very few felt cold.
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti müzik inkılabına yöneltilen “ideoloji” eleştirileri üzerine felsefi bir değerlendirme
Authors: Erenözlü Suat Soner
Published: September 2022

Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında gerçekleştirilen müzik inkılabı, günümüze kadar eğitimden gündelik yaşama kadar hayatın pek çok alanında etkisini hissettirmiştir. Bu konu üzerine yapılan çalışmalar azımsanmayacak ölçüde, genç Türkiye Cumhuriyetinin bu inkılapları “ideoloji” ekseninde yaptığı görüşünde birleşmektedir. Eleştirilere göre Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, izlenen “ulusalcı ideolojik” politikalar yüzünden Batıya yönelmiş ve kendi kültürüne yabancılaşmıştır. Müzik inkılabının ilkeleri doğrultusunda, Osmanlı’ya ait olan Türk Sanat Müziği terk edilerek Türk halk şarkılarının derlenmesi ve Batı tekniğiyle çok seslendirilmesi bu yabancılaşmanın nedenini teşkil etmektedir. Bununla birlikte bu yabancılaşma, Batıcı-elitist ideolojinin kültürel bir yansıması olarak kendisini göstermektedir. Eleştiriler müzik inkılabına ait her şeyin ideolojik olması bakımından olumsuz birtakım sonuçları da beraberinde getirdiğini iddia etmektedir. Bu çalışmada ideoloji kavramının felsefi olarak çözümlemesiyle birlikte, müzik inkılabını ideolojik temellere dayandıran eleştiriler irdelenmiş ve müzik inkılabının ideolojik değil, idealist ilkelerden oluştuğu üzerinde durulmuştur. Bununla birlikte Cumhuriyet Müzik inkılabının kendi kültürüne yabancı olduğu görüşüne karşı, idealist olması bakımından kendi öz kültürünü temellendirdiği iddiası ortaya koyulmuştur.
Features of Spectral Estimates of the Photoplethysmographic Waveform Variability in Patients with Aortic Stenosis
Authors: M. A. Simonyan , V.A. Shvartz , A. S. Karavaev , V.V Skazkina
Published: September 2022

Introduction — A well-known method for assessing the autonomic status of patients in clinical practice is the use of spectral estimates of finger's photoplethysmographic waveform variability (PPGV). However, these estimates have not been studied in patients with aortic stenosis. Therefore, this study aimed to identify in the PPGV spectrum the markers of autonomic dysfunction specific for patients with aortic stenosis. Methods — The study included 34 patients with aortic stenosis at the age of 54 (43, 67) years and 30 healthy subjects at the age of 34 (31, 36) years (data presented as median with lower and upper quartiles). The following spectral estimates of PPGV were evaluated: LF% (low-frequency band, 0.04–0.15 Hz, in the percentage of total spectral power, 0–0.4 Hz), HF% (high-frequency band, 0.15–0.4 Hz, in the percentage of total spectral power, 0–0.4 Hz), and LF/HF ratio. Results — The study revealed the statistically significant (p<0.05) differences in HF% and LF% values in patients with aortic valve disease compared with healthy people. LF% was increased by 2-4 times in group of patients with aortic stenosis, while HF% was increased by 1.2-7 times. The difference between the groups at LF/HF ratio was statistically insignificant. Conclusion — Patients with aortic stenosis are characterized by higher LF% and HF% values, relative to healthy people of comparable age.
Performance of Two Rapid Antigen Detection Tests for Detecting COVID-19 Compared to RT-PCR in Indonesia
Authors: Budhitresna Anak Agung Gede , Surawan Dewa Putu , Kartikadewi Ratna , Yoga Adi Harta , Lestari Putri Permana , Sumadewi Nyoman Trisna , Masyeni Sri
Published: September 2022

Antigen tests to screen coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is effective in symptomatic patients, leading to its wide usage in informing whether the person is COVID-19 positive or negative. Our current work had an objective to investigate the diagnostic performance of two antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) which are commonly used in Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was carried out to compare specificity, sensitivity, as well as expected predictive values of Anhui Ag-RDT and Lungene Ag-RDT by comparing the results with that obtained from real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. A total of 98samples were tested for both Ag-RDTs and RT-PCR. The median value of the patients age obtained to be 41.78 years old (interquartile range: 1 to 91 years old). The proportion between female and males was: 52.53% vs 47.47%. The sensitivities of Anhui Ag-RDT and Lungene Ag-RDT were 55.56% and 51.58%, where both Ag-RDTs had specificity of 100%. In conclusion, sensitivity values of Lungene Ag-RDT and Anhui Ag-RDT are similar, where both possess 100% specificity with zero false-positive results. Both of the investigated Ag-RDTs are useful since positive results are likely to be COVID-19 positive.
Comparative Study on Soluble Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor (Supar) and C-Reactive Protein (Crp) Levels in Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
Authors: Rekha D Rekha D , Johnson Priscilla , Das Subhasis , Rajagopalan B Rajagopalan B , Sathya GR Sathya GR , Sekhar Lavanya
Published: September 2022

Background and objective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by a progressive and irreversible airflow limitation. In COPD, the initial low-grade pulmonary inflammation slowly progress to systemic inflammation which is usually confirmed by non-specific inflammatory biomarker like C-reactive protein (CRP). However, the disease progress can be diagnosed at the early stage of pulmonary inflammation by using a novel biomarker, like Soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) released from the respiratory epithelium in COPD. The objective of this study was to compare the serum levels of suPAR and CRP in stable COPD and to assess the progress of low-grade pulmonary inflammation in COPD. Methods: Stable COPD [SCOPD] study participants (male-35; female-15) and healthy controls (male-38; female-12) were recruited for the study after obtaining informed consent. Based on post-bronchodilator FEV1% predicted values as specified by GOLD criteria, SCOPD study participants were graded into grades I-IV. Serum suPAR and CRP assays were done for all the study participants. Results: The level of suPAR among SCOPD grades I-IV (4.03±0.40 ng/ml; 5.16 ±0.26 ng/ml; 5.82±0.17ng/ml; 6.39±0.07ng/ml respectively) were high compared to healthy control (1.84±0.90ng/ml) and was statistically significant. The level of CRP among SCOPD grade I-IV (3.30±0.13 ng/ml; 3.60 ±0.09 ng/ml; 3.91±0.12ng/ml; 4.41±0.10 ng/ml respectively) were high compared to healthy control (1.63±0.77ng/ml) and was statistically significant.. Conclusion: Our study indicated that serum suPAR and CRP may play an important role in the inflammatory process of COPD particularly in grades III and IV SCOPD. Hence, serum suPAR and CRP measurements may be useful for the evaluation and prognosis of stable COPD.
Circulating Markers of Adipocytokines levels and BMI in Insulin Resistance Females with Type2 diabetes
Authors: Hussein Salah Eldin Omar , Altoum Abd elgadir Alamin , Ismail Marwan , Ahmed Babker Asaad Mohammed , Alfeel Ayman Hussien
Published: September 2022

Background and aim: Obesity is one of the main factors that lead to development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with the prevalence of both increasing worldwide. Obesity is a modifiable risk factor related with many complications and comorbidities. This study aims to evaluate the level of Resistine, Fasting Blood Glucose and Adiponectin compare with the BMI in Insulin Resistance females with Type2 diabetes. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional - case-control study, the target population is a total 205 Sudanese females were recruited to participate in this study, aged 35-64 years, venous blood samples were collected. Plasma levels of blood glucose were measured using the particle-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay method Cobas C-311®.While Adiponectin and Resistine estimated by ELISA Kits. Anthropometric measurements, including height and weight, were taken using standard protocols. BMI was calculated as weight (in kilograms) divided by height (in meters squared). Results: Observed from these results significant difference between the means of fasting blood glucose (FBG), adiponectin, esistine and BMI compared with different group classified according to WHO body mass index (BMI) Classification. FBG in underweight (125 ± 15.9), FBG in healthy weight (127 ± 16.7),FBG in overweight (153 ± 19.2) , FBG in obesity (169 ± 20.7), FBG in sever obesity(189 ± 23.7),, P = 0.037, adiponectin in underweight (12.3 ± 1.1),adiponectin in healthy weight (11.2 ± 1.9), adiponectin in overweight (9.7 ± 1.6), adiponectin in obesity (6.1 ±1.5),adiponectin in sever obesity (6.8 ± 1.9), P = 0.043, resistine in underweight (11.6 ± 1.9) , resistine in healthy weight (12.8 ± 1.1), resistine in overweight (14.2 ± 2.7) resistine in obesity (18.2 ± 2.9), resistine in sever obesity (19.1 ± 3.4) , P = 0.021, BMI in underweight(16.5 ± 1.9), BMI in healthy weight (18.3 ± 1.7),BMI in overweight (26.1 ± 2.2),BMI in obesity (30.4 ± 3.7),BMI in sever obesity (40.1 ± 4.0), P = 0.006). In this study, the results show strong negative Correlation between the levels of serum Adiponectin and Fasting Blood Glucose. (P.value = 0.013, r = -7.9), Adiponectin and Resistine. (P.value = 0.019, r = -6.6). In the other side strong positive Correlation between the levels of serum Resistine and Fasting Blood Glucose. (P.value = 0.015, r = 6.0). Observed from this results negative Relationship between the mean of BMI compared with the history of the patient/ years. Conclusion: This study concluded that BMI effected on Adipocytokines levels and Increased risk of insulin resistance in females with Type2 diabetes by increased the level of resistine, fasting blood glucose and reduced of adiponectin in different groups classified according to WHO body mass index (BMI) Classification.
Recording of eeg Signals and Role in Diagnosis of Sleep Disorder
Authors: Siddiqui Mohd. Maroof , Jain Ruchin , Kidwai Mohd. Suhaib , Zunnun Khan Mohammad
Published: September 2022

Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a recording of the electrical movement of the brain from the scalp. For sleep disorder analysis the EEG test is done while the subject is sleeping. In this paper discuss about recording of brain signal (EEG) and how these signal play major role to finding in different brain diseases. EEG data can be different when subjects are asleep or when exhausted or when some sort of action takes place. When the patient is awake standard EEG test can be taken, but it may not demonstrate any unusual electrical action. During the sleep, brainwave patterns alter and may show more unusual electrical action.
Identifying Independent Predictors of Mortality in COVID-19 Patients with Mucormycosis
Authors: G Hamed Mohamed , Hegazy Abdelmonem Awad , Embaby Ahmed , Abdelmoneem Shimaa , Al Badea Amany Abd , Ali Awad Ali Awad , Walaa Mohammad , Gobran Mai Ahmed , Awwad Omnia , AbdElmonem Doaa , A Zaitoun Nahla , Abdelmaksoud Mona Ahmed , AbdelAal Alhoussein Alsayed
Published: September 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may lead to immunosuppression, leaving patients vulnerable to secondary invasive fungal infection like mucormycosis. The present study aimed to determine whether there are any risk factors associated with mortality in mucormycosis among COVID-19 patients. Patients and Methods: Patients with COVID-19 diagnosed with mucormycosis who received treatment at University Hospitals were included in the study. Complete blood count (CBC), glycated hemoglobin (HBA1c), C-reactive protein (CRP), serum albumin level, creatinine, ferritin levels, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), D-dimer and histopathological observations were performed for all participants’ specimens. Results: The number (N) of patients included in the study was 46. About 85 % (39/46) of patients had post-COVID-19 syndrome and the other 7 cases were in the active phase of the disease. CRP, serum ferritin, D-dimer, CRP/albumin ratio and CRP/absolute lymphocyte counts were statistically significant (P<0.05) within non-survivors as compared to survivors. After analysis of multivariate analysis that patients had oxygen support, while elevated CRP/albumin ratios were independent predictors of mortality in COVID-19 patients associated with mucormycosis. Conclusions: Mucormycosis can be caused by immunosuppression conditions associated with COVID-19 infection. Oxygen levels and C-reactive protein/albumin are independent predictors of mortality and morbidity in post COVID-19 patients.
Early Intubation Reduces the Risk of Death Among COVID-19 Patients: An Observational Study
Authors: Dash Abhilash , Roy Cherian , Nayak Biswajit , Mishra Shakti Bedanta
Published: September 2022

Background: The objective of this study was to find the association of invasive mechanical ventilation, non-invasive mechanical ventilation (N.I.V) and high flow nasal canula (HFNC) with mortality in COVID 19 pneumonia patients with ARDS. This is an observational cohort study conducted among patients those who were infected with COVID19 infection and received ventilator support. Materials and Methods: This study was a single centred, conducted among COVID19 patients, who came to a tertiary hospital in Bhubaneswar, Odisha. All patients admitted with COVID19 infection and received mechanical ventilation in between August 2020 to November 2020 was included in this study. As this is an observational cohort study, any intervention not required. Only, data collectors collected all relevant patient data using an android-based data collection platform. Result: 398 patients were found to be eligible for this study. Among them, only 24.47% patients received invasive mechanical ventilation and rest were on N.I.V (62.77%) and HFNC support (12.77%). 26 patients died among the 92 invasively ventilated patients, whereas the mortality rate among N.I.V group of patients (78.7%) was significantly higher. Increased TLC count, C-Reactive, Protein, Urea, Creatinine, Heart rate, Respiratory rate were mostly associated with increased mortality among non-invasively ventilated patients. Conclusion: Early intubation may decrease the risk of mortality in patients infected with severe COVID19 infection.
Immuno-Modulatory, Anti-Psoriatic Effects and Furanochromone (Khellin and Visnagin) Contents of Ammi Visnaga (L.) Hydeoethanolic Extract
Authors: Ez-zahir Abdeljaouad , Lahna Ali , Marnissi Farida , Oudghiri Mounia , Naya Abdallah
Published: September 2022

Objectives: Psoriasis is a chronic skin inflammation disease, which is requires prolonged treatment, thereby interfering with the side effects of synthetic drugs. Traditional herbal medicine, and recent plant-based drugs, have been proven beneficial in reducing these side effects of synthetic drugs. Ammi visnaga L. species contains 2 furanochromones (khelline and visnagine) with a similar structure than psoralens that possess antipsoriatic activity. The objective of the present study was to verify the influence of extraction solvent on these two furanochromone content of Ammi visnaga and to study its immunomodulatory and antipsoriatic effect in vivo. Materials and Methods: In the present study, khellin and visnagin contents were compared between aqueous, hydroethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of Ammi visnaga L. by highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and their immunomodulating and antipsoriatic effects were studied for the hydroethanolic extract, in vivo, by hemagglutination test after immunization using human erythrocytes and by Psoriasis-like dermatitis induced using ultraviolet-C (UV-C) irradiations of two hours, during 3 successive days or by application of 2 a formaldehyde and Complete Freund adjuvant (CFA) mixture (1:10 ratio) during 3 successive days. Results: Ethanol at 60% showed the best results in the extraction of furanochromones (khellin and visnagin), followed by ethyl acetate and then by water. This hydroethanolic extract at 100 mg/kg showed an immunostimulating effect of the humoral response, by increasing the value of the hemagglutination antibody (HA) titer. The same extract, at a dose of 300 - 600 mg/kg orally or 2-4% topically, has a considerable antipsoriatic effect, reducing the psoriatic severity score (erythema and squaling), the epidermal thickness and the leukocytic infiltration. Conclusion: the 60% hydroethanol extract is better in the extraction of furanochromones from Ammi visnaga. This extract has considerable immunostimulant and antipsoriatic effects.
Preliminary Phytochemical and GC-MS Analysis of Marine Seaweed-Acoathophora deilei (Red alga)
Authors: Narayanamurthy Uma , Barathane D Barathane D , Karthik Sidharth , Anandh J V Sabari
Published: September 2022

Background: Seaweeds (Marine macro algae) are multicellular marine organism and are vital constituents of the of marine ecosystem, which are abundant in the coastal areas of the world. They are tremendous source of many bioactive metabolites and have been shown to exhibit a wide range of therapeutic properties, including anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activities. Several Asian cultures have a strong tradition of using different varieties of seaweed extensively in cooking as well as in herbal medicines preparations. As such, seaweeds have been used to treat a wide variety of health conditions such as cancer, digestive problems, and renal disorders. These plants contain important phytochemical constituents and have various potential biological activities. References regarding the use of algae in Ayurveda and Siddha system of medicine has been reported since time immemorial, but their phytochemical properties have not been reported. Aim: To identify the phytochemical constituents present in the Acoathophora deilei (Red alage) using Preliminary phytochemical and GC-MS analysis. Methods: The shade-dried of red algae were extracted with methanol and the crude methanolic extract was subjected to GC-MS analysis to identify the various bioactive components Results: Phytochemical investigations suggests that the Acoathophora deilei showed the presence of phytochemicals like alkaloids, phytosterols, flavonoids and diterpenes, which may contribute to its biological activities. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of 28 different compounds. The main chemical constituents found in high percentage are Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, 2-ethyl butyric acid octadecyl ester, hexadecanoic acid, 9-octadecanoic acid methyl ester and 1,2 – Benzene dicarboxylic acid. Conclusion: Thus, the present analytical study of Acoathophora deilei on phytochemical and GC-MS analysis provides an important novel information to support further ongoing studies to evaluate structure of bioactive compound and its pharmacological activities.
The impact of COVID-19 on mortality after hip fracture
Authors: Holleyman Richard J. , Khan Sameer K. , Charlett Andre , Inman Dominic S. , Johansen Antony , Brown Colin , Barnard Sharmani , Fox Sebastian , Baker Paul N. , Deehan David , Burton Paul , Gregson Celia L.
Published: September 2022

Aims

Hip fracture commonly affects the frailest patients, of whom many are care-dependent, with a disproportionate risk of contracting COVID-19. We examined the impact of COVID-19 infection on hip fracture mortality in England.

Methods

We conducted a cohort study of patients with hip fracture recorded in the National Hip Fracture Database between 1 February 2019 and 31 October 2020 in England. Data were linked to Hospital Episode Statistics to quantify patient characteristics and comorbidities, Office for National Statistics mortality data, and Public Health England’s SARS-CoV-2 testing results. Multivariable Cox regression examined determinants of 90-day mortality. Excess mortality attributable to COVID-19 was quantified using Quasi-Poisson models.

Results

Analysis of 102,900 hip fractures (42,630 occurring during the pandemic) revealed that among those with COVID-19 infection at presentation (n = 1,120) there was a doubling of 90-day mortality; hazard ratio (HR) 2.09 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.89 to 2.31), while the HR for infections arising between eight and 30 days after presentation (n = 1,644) the figure was greater at 2.51 (95% CI 2.31 to 2.73). Malnutrition (1.45 (95% CI 1.19 to 1.77)) and nonoperative treatment (2.94 (95% CI 2.18 to 3.95)) were the only modifiable risk factors for death in COVID-19-positive patients. Patients who had tested positive for COVID-19 more than two weeks prior to hip fracture initially had better survival compared to those who contracted COVID-19 around the time of their hip fracture; however, survival rapidly declined and by 365 days the combination of hip fracture and COVID-19 infection was associated with a 50% mortality rate. Between 1 January and 30 June 2020, 1,273 (99.7% CI 1,077 to 1,465) excess deaths occurred within 90 days of hip fracture, representing an excess mortality of 23% (99.7% CI 20% to 26%), with most deaths occurring within 30 days.

Conclusion

COVID-19 infection more than doubles the rate of early hip fracture mortality. Those contracting infection between 8 and 30 days after initial presentation are at even higher mortality risk, signalling the potential for targeted interventions during this period to improve survival. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(10):1156–1167.
A comparison of osteoarticular allografts and allograft-prosthesis composites for reconstruction of the distal femur after resection of a bone tumour in childhood
Authors: Jamshidi Khodamorad , Bagherifard Abolfazl , Mirzaei Alireza
Published: September 2022

Aims

Osteoarticular reconstruction of the distal femur in childhood has the advantage of preserving the tibial physis. However, due to the small size of the distal femur, matching the host bone with an osteoarticular allograft is challenging. In this study, we compared the outcomes and complications of a resurfaced allograft-prosthesis composite (rAPC) with those of an osteoarticular allograft to reconstruct the distal femur in children.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of 33 skeletally immature children with a malignant tumour of the distal femur, who underwent resection and reconstruction with a rAPC (n = 15) or osteoarticular allograft (n = 18), was conducted. The median age of the patients was ten years (interquartile range (IQR) 9 to 11) in the osteoarticular allograft group and nine years (IQR 8 to 10) in the rAPC group (p = 0.781). The median follow-up of the patients was seven years (IQR 4 to 8) in the osteoarticular allograft group and six years (IQR 3 to 7) in the rAPC group (p = 0.483). Limb function was evaluated using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score.

Results

At final follow-up, the knee was unstable in 9/18 patients (50%) in the osteoarticular allograft group and 2/15 patients (13%) in the rAPC group (p = 0.026). The median range of motion (ROM) of the knee was 117° (IQR 115° to 120°) in the osteoarticular allograft group and 100° (IQR 95° to 105°) in the rAPC group (p < 0.001). The median MSTS score was 25 (IQR 23 to 26) in the osteoarticular allograft group and 28 (IQR 26 to 29) in the rAPC group (p = 0.007). Osteoarthritic change was detected in 11/18 patients (61%) in the osteoarticular allograft group and in 4/15 (26%) patients in the rAPC group (p = 0.048).

Conclusion

In our series, a resurfaced allograft-prosthesis composite provided better knee stability and function, with a lower rate of osteoarthritis; an osteoarticular allograft was associated with better knee ROM. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(10):1174–1179.
Risk factor investigation for hip dislocation after periacetabular tumour resection and endoprosthetic reconstruction via thin-slice CT-based 3D model
Authors: Qu Hao , Mou Haochen , Wang Keyi , Tao Huimin , Huang Xin , Yan Xiaobo , Lin Nong , Ye Zhaoming
Published: September 2022

Aims

Dislocation of the hip remains a major complication after periacetabular tumour resection and endoprosthetic reconstruction. The position of the acetabular component is an important modifiable factor for surgeons in determining the risk of postoperative dislocation. We investigated the significance of horizontal, vertical, and sagittal displacement of the hip centre of rotation (COR) on postoperative dislocation using a CT-based 3D model, as well as other potential risk factors for dislocation.

Methods

A total of 122 patients who underwent reconstruction following resection of periacetabular tumour between January 2011 and January 2020 were studied. The risk factors for dislocation were investigated with univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis on patient-specific, resection-specific, and reconstruction-specific variables.

Results

The dislocation rate was 13.9% (n = 17). The hip COR was found to be significantly shifted anteriorly and inferiorly in most patients in the dislocation group compared with the non-dislocation group. Three independent risk factors were found to be related to dislocation: resection of gluteus medius (odds ratio (OR) 3.68 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24 to 19.70); p = 0.039), vertical shift of COR > 18 mm (OR 24.8 (95% CI 6.23 to 128.00); p = 0.001), and sagittal shift of COR > 20 mm (OR 6.22 (95% CI 1.33 to 32.2); p = 0.026).

Conclusion

Among the 17 patients who dislocated, 70.3% (n = 12) were anterior dislocations. Three independent risk factors were identified, suggesting the importance of proper restoration of the COR and the role of the gluteus medius in maintaining hip joint stability. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(10):1180–1188.
Follow-up after arthroplasty surgery
Authors: Hansjee Shanil , Giebaly Dia E. , Shaarani Shahril R. , Haddad Fares S.
Published: September 2022

We aim to explore the potential technologies for monitoring and assessment of patients undergoing arthroplasty by examining selected literature focusing on the technology currently available and reflecting on possible future development and application. The reviewed literature indicates a large variety of different hardware and software, widely available and used in a limited manner, to assess patients’ performance. There are extensive opportunities to enhance and integrate the systems which are already in existence to develop patient-specific pathways for rehabilitation.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(10):1104–1109.
Revision total knee arthroplasty for flexion instability
Authors: Hannon Charles P. , Kruckeberg Bradley M. , Pagnano Mark W. , Berry Daniel J. , Hanssen Arlen D. , Abdel Matthew P.
Published: September 2022

Aims

We have previously reported the mid-term outcomes of revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for flexion instability. At a mean of four years, there were no re-revisions for instability. The aim of this study was to report the implant survivorship and clinical and radiological outcomes of the same cohort of of patients at a mean follow-up of ten years.

Methods

The original publication included 60 revision TKAs in 60 patients which were undertaken between 2000 and 2010. The mean age of the patients at the time of revision TKA was 65 years, and 33 (55%) were female. Since that time, 21 patients died, leaving 39 patients (65%) available for analysis. The cumulative incidence of any re-revision with death as a competing risk was calculated. Knee Society Scores (KSSs) were also recorded, and updated radiographs were reviewed.

Results

The cumulative incidence of any re-revision was 13% at a mean of ten years. At the most recent-follow-up, eight TKAs had been re-revised: three for recurrent flexion instability (two fully revised to varus-valgus constrained implants (VVCs), and one posterior-stabilized (PS) implant converted to VVC, one for global instability (PS to VVC), two for aseptic loosening of the femoral component, and two for periprosthetic joint infection). The ten-year cumulative incidence of any re-revision for instability was 7%. The median KSS improved significantly from 45 (interquartile range (IQR) 40 to 50) preoperatively to 70 (IQR 45 to 80) at a mean follow-up of ten years (p = 0.031). Radiologically, two patients, who had not undergone revision, had evidence of loosening (one tibial and one patellar). The remaining components were well fixed.

Conclusion

We found fair functional outcomes and implant survivorship at a mean of ten years after revision TKA for flexion instability with a PS implant. Recurrent instability and aseptic loosening were the most common indications for re-revision. Components with increased constraint, such as a VVC or hinged, should be used in these patients in order to reduce the risk of recurrent instability. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(10):1126–1131.
Análisis comparativo del impacto de los Procesos de Acreditación Universitaria en la Organización y Gestión de los Títulos de Grado
Authors: García-Domingo Begoña , Congosto Luna Elvira , Fernández-Díaz María José
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCCIÓN. La calidad constituye un tema clave en el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior. Así, las universidades han implementado Sistemas de Aseguramiento Interno de Calidad entre los que se encuentran los procesos de acreditación que tratan de constatar que las titulaciones se desarrollan conforme a lo establecido. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es evaluar el impacto que tienen los procesos de acreditación en la Organización y Gestión de los títulos de Grado, a partir de las valoraciones de diferentes audiencias (responsables de calidad, equipos directivos, PAS, estudiantes y profesores). MÉTODO. Se llevó a cabo un estudio cuantitativo no experimental de carácter descriptivo y comparativo. La recogida de datos se efectuó a través de un cuestionario de 46 ítems diseñado ad hoc (medidos en una escala Likert de 0 a 4 puntos) que alcanzó una consistencia interna muy elevada (α de Cronbach de .984). La muestra está compuesta por 1964 sujetos de 13 Universidades públicas y privadas españolas. RESULTADOS. La puntuación promedio total del impacto de los procesos de acreditación en la Organización y Gestión de las titulaciones fue de 100 (en una escala de 184 puntos) y el análisis de los ítems alcanzó medias entre 1.13 y 2.75 (en una escala máxima de 4 puntos). Los estudios comparativos efectuados ofrecieron diferencias en función del colectivo de pertenencia en 5 de las 8 dimensiones evaluadas. DISCUSIÓN. En general, las puntuaciones alcanzadas sugieren que el impacto de mejora de los procesos de acreditación sobre la Organización y Gestión de los títulos de grado fue percibido como medio, siendo el colectivo de estudiantes el más crítico en sus valoraciones mientras que los miembros de los equipos directivos y los responsables de calidad fueron los que valoraron con puntuaciones más altas el nivel de impacto.
The Bayesian Reliability Analysis of the Alpha Power Gompertz Model
Authors: Eghwerido Joseph Thomas , Ogundele Suraju Olaniyi , Nzei Lawrence Chukwudumebi , Agu Friday Ikechukwu
Published: September 2022

This article introduced the determination of reliability analysis of the alpha power Gompertz model using the Bayesian techniques. The method developed has been evaluated using women breast cancer in the Stan implementation in R. A survival data used illustrates the proposed Bayesian approach.
O papel da competência política no processo de autogestão de carreira
Authors: Ancelmo Bonfim Pita Iraide , Nelmi Trevisan Leonardo , Fátima Rosa Veloso Elza
Published: September 2022

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o papel da competência política no processo de autogestão de carreira. A amostra de dez alunos de cursos de pós-graduação da cidade de São Paulo, com mais de seis anos de atuação no mercado de trabalho, foi entrevistada usando roteiro desenvolvido com base no referencial teórico. Os dados foram inseridos no software ATLAS.ti v 7 para realização da análise qualitativa de conteúdo. Os resultados mostraram a importância de uma abordagem multidisciplinar da carreira e da interdependência entre os diferentes atores sociais envolvidos no trabalho, por meio do exercício da competência política, independentemente de tipo de vínculo empregatício e nível hierárquico. Este estudo ajudará a ampliar o conhecimento sobre os meios pelos quais é possível obter melhores resultados na carreira e para a transformação de situações potencialmente negativas em positivas nas organizações. A originalidade desta pesquisa está relacionada à proposta de um novo modelo de autogestão de carreira que contempla as necessidades das carreiras contemporâneas e inclui os profissionais sem cargo de gestão no debate sobre a arena política organizacional. Para generalizar os resultados obtidos, sugere-se a aplicação de uma pesquisa que alcance amostra mais representativa da população.
Physics-informed neural network for phase imaging based on transport of intensity equation
Authors: Wu Xiaofeng , Wu Ziling , Shanmugavel Sibi Chakravarthy , Yu Hang Z. , Zhu Yunhui
Published: September 2022

Non-interferometric quantitative phase imaging based on Transport of Intensity Equation (TIE) has been widely used in bio-medical imaging. However, analytic TIE phase retrieval is prone to low-spatial frequency noise amplification, which is caused by the illposedness of inversion at the origin of the spectrum. There are also retrieval ambiguities resulting from the lack of sensitivity to the curl component of the Poynting vector occurring with strong absorption. Here, we establish a physics-informed neural network (PINN) to address these issues, by integrating the forward and inverse physics models into a cascaded deep neural network. We demonstrate that the proposed PINN is efficiently trained using a small set of sample data, enabling the conversion of noise-corrupted 2-shot TIE phase retrievals to high quality phase images under partially coherent LED illumination. The efficacy of the proposed approach is demonstrated by both simulation using a standard image database and experiment using human buccal epitehlial cells. In particular, high image quality (SSIM = 0.919) is achieved experimentally using a reduced size of labeled data (140 image pairs). We discuss the robustness of the proposed approach against insufficient training data, and demonstrate that the parallel architecture of PINN is efficient for transfer learning.
Exact optical path difference and complete performance analysis of a spectral zooming imaging spectrometer
Authors: Zhang Xiangzhe , Huang Liqing , Zhu Jingping , Zhang Ning , Zong Kang , Zhai Lipeng , Zhang Yu , Cai Yakun , Wang Huimin
Published: September 2022

The optical path difference (OPD) equations of the dual Wollaston prisms (DWP) with an adjustable air gap (AG) are derived by the wave normal tracing method, which is suitable for arbitrary incidence plane and angle. The spatial distribution of the OPD for various AG is presented. The validity of the OPD equation is verified by comparing the calculated interferograms with experimentally observed one. The performance of a novel static birefringent Fourier transform imaging spectrometer (SBFTIS) based on the DWP is investigated. The spectral resolution can be adjusted by changing the AG and the field of view can reach 10.0°, which is much larger than that predicted by our previous work. The results obtained in this article provide a theoretical basis for completely describing the optical transmission characteristic of the DWP and developing the high-performance birefringent spectral zooming imaging spectrometer.
Dual-comb based time-stretch optical coherence tomography for large and segmental imaging depth
Authors: Xu Liang , Zhang Lei , Wang Kun , Liu Chen , Zhang Chi , Zhang Xinliang
Published: September 2022

Optical coherence tomography based on time-stretch enables high frame rate and high-resolution imaging for the inertia-free wavelength-swept mechanism. The fundamental obstacle is still the acquisition bandwidth's restriction on imaging depth. By introducing dual-comb with slightly different repetition rates, the induced Vernier effect is found to be capable of relieving the problem. In our work, a dual-comb based time-stretch optical coherence tomography is proposed and experimentally demonstrated, achieving a 1.5-m imaging depth and 200-kHz A-scan rate. Moreover, about a 33.4-µm resolution and 25-µm accuracy are achieved. In addition, by adjusting the frequency detuning of the dual-comb, the A-scan rate can be further boosted to video-rate imaging. With enlarged imaging depth, this scheme is promising for a wide range of applications, including light detection and ranging.
Influence of disk aberrations on high-power thin-disk laser cavities
Authors: Seidel Moritz , Lang Lukas , Phillips Christopher R. , Keller Ursula
Published: September 2022

We present a systematic study on the influence of thin-disk aberrations on the performance of thin-disk laser oscillators. To evaluate these effects, we have developed a spatially resolved numerical model supporting arbitrary phase profiles on the intracavity components that estimates the intracavity beam shape and the output power of thin-disk laser oscillators. By combining this model with the experimentally determined phase profile of the thin-disk (measured with interferometry), we can predict the operation mode of high-power thin-disk lasers, including mode degradation, higher-order mode coupling, and stability zone shrinking, all of which are in good agreement with experiment. Our results show that one of the main mechanisms limiting the performance is the small deviation of the disk’s phase profile from perfect radial symmetry. This result is an important step to scaling modelocked thin-disk oscillators to the kW-level and will be important in the design of future active multi-pass cavity arrangements.
Wave-band-tunable optical fiber broadband orbital angular momentum mode converter based on dispersion turning point tuning technique
Authors: Zhou Min , Zhang Zhe , Liu Bonan , Liu Shen , Bai Zhiyong , Liu Yu , Pang Yu , Wang Yiping
Published: September 2022

A wave-band-tunable optical fiber broadband orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode converter based on a helical long-period fiber grating (HLPFG) and dispersion turning point (DTP) tuning technique is demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally. The DTP tuning is achieved by thinning the optical fiber during the HLPFG inscription. As a proof of concept, the DTP wavelength of the LP1,5 mode is successfully tuned from the original ∼2.4 µm to ∼2.0 µm and ∼1.7 µm. With the help of the HLPFG, broadband OAM mode conversion (LP0,1→LP1,5) is demonstrated near the 2.0 µm and 1.7 µm wave bands. This work addresses a longstanding problem that the broadband mode conversion is limited by the intrinsic DTP wavelength of the modes and provides a new, to the best of our knowledge, alternative for broadband OAM mode conversion at the desired wave bands.
Strong two-photon absorption induced by energy funneling in chiral quasi-2D perovskites
Authors: Guo Zhihang , Li Junzi , Luo Tai , Cui Yanyan , Wang Changshun , He Tingchao
Published: September 2022

Quasi-2D Ruddlesden–Popper-type perovskites (RPPs) exhibit excellent nonlinear optical properties due to their multiple quantum well structures with large exciton binding energy. Herein, we introduce chiral organic molecules into RPPs and investigate their optical properties. It is found that the chiral RPPs possess effective circular dichroism in the ultraviolet to visible wavelengths. Two-photon absorption (TPA)-induced efficient energy funneling from small- to large-n domains is observed in the chiral RPP films, which induces strong TPA with a coefficient up to 4.98 cm MW−1. This work will broaden the application of quasi-2D RPPs in chirality-related nonlinear photonic devices.
Extinction by plasmonic nanoparticles in dispersive and dissipative media
Authors: Zhang Shangyu , Dong Jian , Zhang Wenjie , Luo Minggang , Liu Linhua
Published: September 2022

Extinction of small metallic spheres has been well understood through the classical Mie theory when the host medium is dispersive and transparent. However, the role of host dissipation on the particulate extinction remains a competition between the enhancing and reducing effects on the localized surface plasmonic resonance (LSPR). Here, using a generalized Mie theory, we elaborate on the specific influence mechanisms of host dissipation on the extinction efficiency factors of a plasmonic nanosphere. To this end, we isolate the dissipative effects by comparing the dispersive and dissipative host with its dissipationless counterpart. As a result, we identify the damping effects of host dissipation on the LSPR including the resonance widening and amplitude reducing. The resonance positions are shifted by host dissipation, which cannot be predicted by the classical Fröhlich condition. Finally, we demonstrate that a wideband extinction enhancement due to host dissipation can be realized away from the positions of the LSPR.
Objective measurement technique for mitigating the augmented-reality geometric waveguide double-image problem
Authors: Wang Shulong , Anthony Surman Philip , Sun Xiaowei , Xu Shixiang
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we propose a method for using angle offset measurements of an augmented-reality (AR) geometric waveguide partially reflective mirrors array (PRMA), to inform the design and manufacture of future iterations. These offsets are the main cause of display defects such as the formation of double-images. Our design provides a method for quantitative measurement to support the solution of the AR geometric waveguide double-image problem. Our study is based on the principle of optical lever amplification, and PRMA high accuracy measurement is achieved. We also provide an analysis that determines the maximum permissible offset limit of the PRMA geometric waveguide module, without affecting the display quality. The technique is validated on virtual models made in SolidWorks that are synchronized with optical components whose parameters are changed in LightTools. This provides a powerful technique for speeding up the design and manufacturing cycle where until now this has been based on subjective innacurate and unreliable human observation. This paper provides the theoretical basis for the development of a rigorous and reliable measurement technique.