Analisis Kesehatan Mental pada Perawat Puskesmas Kota Bandung Saat Lonjakan Kasus COVID-19
Authors: Enisah Maksum  , Nadirawati  , Neni Rochmayati Satuhu  
Published: June 2024

ABSTRAK
Pandemik COVID-19 berpengaruh di semua lini kehidupan dan melumpuhkan semua sektor di masyarakat. Dampak signifikan terjadi dan menjadi perhatian khusus dalam bidang kesehatan karena menjadi garda terdepan. Lonjakan kasus terkonfirmasi COVID-19 berpengaruh pada beban perawat yang meningkat. Perawat puskesmas yang berhadapan langsung dengan masyarakat sangat kewalahan dengan banyaknya kasus.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis beban perawat puskesmas di Kota Bandung saat terjadi lonjakan kasus COVID-19, khususnya pada varian Delta. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional, dan teknik sampel yang digunakan accidental sampling. Jumlah sampel 43 orang, pengumpulan kuesioner pada bulan Juni 2021. Analisis data univariat menggunakan deskriptif frekuensi. Analisis data bivariat menggunakan chi-square. Hasil analisis statistik dengan distribusi frekuensi didapatkan bahwa terdapat gangguan mental emosional sebanyak 44 perawat. 86%, 44,2% dan 41,9% perawat puskesmas yang menangani pasien COVID-19 masing-masing mengalami gejala psikosis, gangguan mental emosional dan PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder), mengalami beban kerja yang meningkat, tertekan dan tidak mempunyai banyak waktu istirahat. Perawat Puskesmas mengalami burn out karena selama kurun waktu 24 jam selalu dihubungi oleh warga dengan keluhan dan permintaan dalam penangan kasus COVID-19. Perlu ada nya tindak lanjut bila ada perawat yang mengalami gangguan dan perlu adanya penelitian lebih lanjut.   
Kata kunci: beban kerja; gangguan mental emosi; perawat puskesmas; PTSD; psikosis.
 
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted all aspects of life and paralyzed all sectors of society. Significant impacts occur and are of particular concern in the health sector because they are at the forefront. The surge in confirmed cases of COVID-19 has resulted in an increasing burden on nurses. Puskesmas nurses who deal directly with the community are overwhelmed by the number of cases. This research aims to analyze the burden on community health center nurses in Bandung City when there is a spike in COVID-19 cases, especially in the Delta variant. The research used a descriptive quantitative method with a cross sectional approach, and the sample technique used was accidental sampling. Total sample was 43 people, questionnaire collection in June 2021. Univariate data analysis using frequency descriptive. Bivariate data analysis using chi-square. The results of statistical analysis using frequency distribution showed that there were mental emotional disorders in 44 nurses. 86%, 44.2% and 41.9% of community health center nurses who handled COVID-19 patients experienced symptoms of psychosis, emotional mental disorders and PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder), respectively, experienced an increased workload, were depressed and did not have much time off. Puskesmas nurses experienced burnout because within 24 hours they were always contacted by residents with complaints and requests in handling COVID-19 cases. There needs to be follow-up if a nurse experiences problems and further research is needed.
Keywords: health center nurse; mental emotional disorder, PTSD, psychosys; workload.