bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The War on Drugs, Racialized Capitalism, and Health Care Utilization Among White People Who Use Drugs in 22 Rural Appalachian Counties
Authors: Cooper Hannah L. F. , Livingston Melvin “Douglas” , Crawford Natalie D. , Feinberg Judith , Ford Chandra L. , Go Vivian , Ibragimov Umed , Jahangir Tasfia , Mullany Anna , Miller William C. , Peddireddy Snigdha , Salas-Hernandez Leslie , Smith Gordon , Young April M. , Zule William , Sewell Ali
Published: September 2024

Objectives. To analyze War on Drugs encounters and their relationships to health care utilization among White people who use drugs (PWUD) in 22 Appalachian rural counties in Kentucky, West Virginia, Ohio, and North Carolina.

Methods. We recruited White PWUD using chain referral sampling in 2018 to 2020. Surveys asked about criminal–legal encounters, unmet health care needs, and other covariates. We used generalized estimating equations to regress unmet need on criminal–legal encounters in multivariable models.

Results. In this sample (n = 957), rates of stop and search, arrest, incarceration, and community supervision were high (44.0%, 26.8%, 36.3%, and 31.1%, respectively), as was unmet need (68.5%). Criminal–legal encounters were unrelated to unmet need (stops: adjusted prevalence ratio [APR] = 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.97, 1.32; arrest: APR = 0.95; 95% CI = 0.78, 1.15; incarceration: APR = 1.01; 95% CI = 0.89, 1.14; community supervision: APR = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.90, 1.09).

Conclusions. Contrasting with findings from predominantly Black urban areas, criminal–legal encounters and unmet need were unrelated among White Appalachian PWUD. Research should explore whether and under what conditions White supremacy’s benefits might buffer adverse impacts of the War on Drugs in Appalachia. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(10):1086–1096. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307744 )
A Grand Challenge: Education and Advocacy in the New Energy World
Authors: Borglum Scyller J. , Taleghani Arash Dahi
Published: September 2024

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This is the final article in a series of six on SPE’s Grand Challenges in Energy, formulated as the output of a 2023 workshop held by the SPE Research and Development Technical Section in Austin, Texas.

Described in a JPT article last year, each of the challenges are discussed separately in this series: geothermal energy; net-zero operations; improving recovery from tight/shale resources; digital transformation; carbon capture, utilization, and storage; and education and advocacy.

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We have our work cut out for us… but then, we always have in our industry. Following the crippling effects of the oil embargo in 1973, the price of crude oil climbed high and fast to the top of the charts. That increase in crude oil value brought students to petroleum engineering programs in droves around the world. It was not just the crude; it was the value of the degree program. Students rightly saw an opportunity to work in an industry that fueled the engine of the global economy, lit their homes, warmed their food, and moved people around the continents, all reliably and affordably.

The post-embargo peak in enrollment was only topped by the peak following the shale boom of the mid-2000s. After the post-embargo boom in the 1980s came the bust. Similarly, many of us were not left standing when the mid-2000 boom busted. The price of oil is climbing again; natural gas and crude oil use is up and consistently so, but the petroleum engineering enrollments are not (Fig. 1).

Depending on where you started along the x-axis in your career (Fig. 1), you may already know this story. What’s different now in an industry known to be cyclical, where we’ve seen this before? If higher crude oil prices and concomitant salaries are not bringing in the students, what will?

The demand for STEM graduates is high across industries, and it’s particularly acute in the oil and gas sector. The US faces a significant shortage of STEM graduates to meet the needs of critical industries. This scarcity raises concerns about our ability to fill specialized roles, such as petroleum engineering, which are crucial for the energy sector’s development over the next century. If we struggle to produce enough STEM graduates overall, how can we expect to meet the specific demands of the oil and gas industry in the coming decades?

There are a few reasons for this new trend. More than half of Americans say that STEM studies are too hard and nearly a quarter believe that STEM studies are not useful for a career. The National Academies have been sounding the alarm for more than 20 years about where we are going technologically, as a nation, and who is going to get us there.

Second, within STEM degrees in general, there are fewer petroleum engineering, or equivalent graduates. While additional energy types in the mix have been growing for years, the sharp move toward renewable energy and simultaneously painting hydrocarbons as undesirable is recent.
Case Study: Advanced Technology Underpins Efficiency and Climate-Related Goal Gains
Authors: Khalid Hassan
Published: September 2024

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Today’s gas-compression operators are under increasing pressure to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Fortunately, multiple technologies are available that can support that objective while enabling operators to move more gas cost-effectively. Embracing such advancements can positively impact a reduced-carbon future without compromising operational efficiency or profitability.

To choose the right technologies for a gas-compression package, it’s critical for operators to have a clear understanding of their business and GHG emissions-related goals. Operators also need clarity concerning the impact of evolving requirements on total cost of ownership (TCO) as well as potential financial ramifications.

Producing more gas at a lower cost with lower GHG emissions is possible with new technologies. Operators can support their success by choosing the right engine driver for a gas-compression package based on their unique needs and site conditions. It’s critical to consider an engine’s power density and TCO, as that informs an operator’s selections and can lower a gas-compression package’s operating cost in terms of dollars per thousand cubic feet ($/Mcf) of gas throughput. An engine, such as the Cat G3600 A4 Gen 2, that can deliver a 10% power increase compared to the previous model can allow operators to use fewer engines to perform the same amount of work. This advantage can lower capital requirements, reduce operating expenses, and decrease fuel consumption. Fewer engines operating in the field may also contribute to lower GHG emissions.

Modernizing Existing Assets

Operators prioritize flexibility, durability, and lower TCO. They can support those objectives by choosing an engine platform that allows performance upgrades across the life of the engine. This enables operators to apply advanced technology in their existing fleet year after year without incurring the substantial cost of purchasing a new engine. Engine upgrade kits offer operators an option to maximize and modernize active assets in a streamlined way, as the upgrades can be applied conveniently and cost-effectively at the time of a scheduled overhaul to minimize disruption.

For example, by using an upgrade kit for an A4 Gen 1 engine model referenced above, operators can lower volatile organic compounds up to 32%, formaldehyde up to 24%, carbon monoxide up to 13%, methane emissions up to 33%, and total GHG emissions up to 5% on a grams per brake horsepower-hour (g/bhp-hr) basis* while saving the traditional capital expenditure of a new engine. (*Site conditions: Same power level between the G3600 A4 Gen 1 and Gen 2, 85MN, 905 BTU/scf, 100% load, 25°C ambient, 500-ft altitude.)

Such updates are relatively cost neutral when applied as part of a scheduled major overhaul and require minimal or no change to the compression package. This makes upgrade kits a wise choice to ensure equipment keeps pace with industry demands.
Multidisciplinary Approach Underpins Development of Marginal Presalt Reservoir
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: September 2024

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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 35273, “Sururu Central: Appraisal and Development Plan for a Marginal Presalt Reservoir,” by Thiago E.S. Azevedo, L.M. Hayashi, and Rodrigo R.S. Leal, SPE, Petrobras, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2024 Offshore Technology Conference.

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The complete paper presents a multidisciplinary view of the evolution of the concept of a development project for the central area of the Sururu reservoir and the method applied to address challenges and propose solutions. The central area presents distinct characteristics from typical Brazilian presalt fields, with low permeabilities despite high porosity.

Sururu Reservoir

The reservoir is in the Santos Basin 230 km offshore Rio de Janeiro at water depths ranging from 2000 to 2300 m. The wildcat in the reservoir, 1-BRSA-618-RJS (1-RJS-656), is in the central area of the field, which is the main subject of the present work. The well exhibited reasonably high average porosity while presenting low permeabilities and low productivity when compared with other presalt wells. The second well, 3-BRSA-891A-RJS (3-RJS-682A), was drilled in 2011 in an area known as Iara Horst, also in the central area of the Sururu reservoir and presenting the same challenges faced by the wildcat. The third well, 3-BRSA-1181D-RJS (3-RJS-715D), was drilled in 2013 as a high-angle multifractured well consisting of an alternative architecture. Productivity results, however, were similar to the ones obtained in the previous wells.

Investments were made in acquiring and reprocessing seismic data, ultimately leading to the drilling of the fourth well, 9-BRSA-1212-RJS (9-RJS-726). This well, in the Sururu Oeste area, revealed characteristics more similar to other Brazilian presalt fields and cleared the path to the later drilling of other Sururu Oeste wells.

These good results paved the way for floating production, storage, and offloading (FPSO) vessel Petrobras 68 (P-68), which has produced both the Berbigão and Sururu reservoirs since November of 2019. P-68 is a 150,000-BOPD, 6-million std m³/d gas processing “replicant” FPSO that includes 10 producers (five from Berbigão and five from Sururu) and seven injectors (four in Berbigão and three in Sururu). However, the idea of developing an alternative for producing the Sururu Central area was never abandoned.

In 2020, the ninth Sururu well and the fourth well in the central area, 9-SRR-5-RJS, was drilled near some of the main Sururu Central faults, aiming to test the existence of better reservoir quality or the presence of conductive in-situ fractures. The results from the well were in line with the results from the previous three wells drilled in the area, confirming the challenging nature of Sururu Central productivity. A suitable development strategy for the area was increasingly dependent on the attainment of long-term dynamic data that could support a modeling hypothesis for this unique presalt reservoir.
Clinical Observation of manual Semi-isolation Specimen Bag In the process of transumbilical single port laparoscopy surgery for Benign Ovarian Tumors
Authors: Chen Yujie , Zheng Xuequn , Huang Liju , Lan Lifang , Yuan Daidong , Yu Fei , Yi Wenjuan
Published: September 2024

Background
The aim of this study was to demonstrate a manual semi-isolation specimen bag, and to compare the spillage rate and surgical outcomes between the usage this specimen bag in the process of transumbilical single-port laparoscopy and the conventional technique in laparoscopy for ovarian tumors (less than 12 cm in diameter) presumed to be benign.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 75 patients who underwent laparoscopic resection of ovarian tumors at the People's Hospital of Liuzhou, Guangxi, China, from October 2022 to October 2023. Among them, 40 cases were treated with transumbilical single-port laparoscopy combined with the manual semi-isolation specimen bag (study group), and 35 cases were treated with traditional multi-port laparoscopy (control group). The average total operation time, tumor resection time, time for specimen retrieval after tumor resection, and postoperative recovery were observed in both groups.
Results
The two groups had similar baseline characteristics. The tumor excision time of control group was shorter than in the study group (42.46 ± 12.77 min vs. 51.88 ± 13.06 min). but the time of specimen removal after tumor excision were significantly shorter in the study group compared to those in the control group(25.98 ± 5.40 min vs. 36.66 ± 15.12 min).However, the average total operation time was similar (101.54 ± 32.16 min vs. 101.28 ± 18.46 min༉. Other surgical outcomes, which were similar between two groups, included length of hospital stay and VAS score at 12h postoperatively. There were no postoperative morbidity in the study group meanwhile 2 in the control group.
Conclusion
The use of the manual semi-isolation specimen bag in the process of
Pelvic Unlocking Closed Reduction Device for Treatment of Severe Traumas Combined with Pelvic Fractures
Authors: Chen Jie , Zhang Zhuangzhuang , Weng Yiping , Yu Zhongjie , Zhang Yu , Sun Rongbin
Published: September 2024

Background Closed reduction and internal fixation is the key to early and minimally invasive treatment of pelvic fractures in patients with severe trauma. Although the pelvic unlocking closed reduction device has been promoted to a certain extent, the therapeutic effect and surgical strategy skills of which in treating severe traumas were not clarified in particularly. Our study was to explore the therapeutic effect and surgical strategy skills of the pelvic unlocking closed reduction device in treating severe traumas combined with pelvic fractures.Methods Data were retrospectively collected from 13 patients with severe traumas undergoing pelvic unlocking closed reduction for pelvic fractures in our hospital between July 2021 and December 2022. Seven males and six females aged 46.4 ± 16.7 years were involved. The operation time, times of fluoroscopy, and blood loss were recorded intraoperatively. Postoperative complications, and fracture healing time were recorded. The Matta and Majeed scales were used to evaluate fracture reduction and clinical efficacy respectively.Results The time from injury to surgery was 8.2 ± 3 (4–14) days. No wound infection, loosening or breakage of internal fixation, or loss of reduction occurred. The clinical healing time was 3.5 ± 0.7 (3–5) months. Three cases suffered paresthesia on unilateral anterolateral thigh. According to the postoperative imaging Matta scores, 12 cases were excellent and 1 case was good, with an excellent and good rate of 100%. At the last follow-up, the Majeed functional scores were excellent in all 13 cases.Conclusions For patients with severe trauma combined with pelvic fracture, the pelvic unlocking and reduction device can be used for minimally invasive internal fixation at an early stage as long as their vital signs are stable. This study summarized and proposed for the first time the 'turn-back order' reduction and internal fixation philosophy of 'posterior-ring unlocking - anterior ring to posterior ring reduction stabilization - posterior ring to anterior ring internal fixation placement' in pelvic closed reduction and internal fixation surgery.
Comparative Analysis of HER2 Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Brightfield Dual-Color In Situ Hybridization (DISH) in Lymph Node Metastasized Breast Cancer
Authors: Iampenkhae Kroonpong , Pisutpunya Adiluck , Apornvirat Sompon
Published: September 2024

Background
The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) gene encodes a tyrosine kinase receptor, implicated in 15–20% of breast cancers. HER2 amplification is both prognostic and predictive of response to HER2-targeted therapy. IHC is the preferred initial test due to its cost-effectiveness and simplicity. While FISH is the gold standard test for HER2 amplification, it has several limitations, prompting consideration of DISH as an alternative. This study aims to evaluate the concordance between HER2 IHC and DISH in lymph node metastasized breast cancer and compares the results to existing data on HER2 IHC and FISH.
Methods
This retrospective study included 1,307 cases of pathologically confirmed lymph node metastasized invasive breast carcinoma with HER2 IHC scores of 2+ (481 cases) and 3+ (826 cases). Interpretation of HER2 IHC was performed using the 2023 ASCO/CAP guideline. HER2 DISH was conducted and evaluated by the HER2/Chromosome 17 signals ratio.
Results
HER2 amplification was detected in 933 cases, including 92% (760) of IHC 3 + cases and 36% (173) of IHC 2 + cases. Comparison with the meta-analysis data of IHC and FISH showed no significant differences, indicating that DISH is a reliable alternative to FISH.
Conclusion
Our study demonstrates no significant difference in the positive rates of HER2 IHC to DISH when compared with prior data of IHC to FISH, reaffirming the use of HER2 DISH as an effective and more accessible alternative to FISH in breast cancer. The high concordant rate between HER2 IHC and DISH in the IHC 3 + group and low positive rate in the IHC 2 + group support the recommendation to proceed with HER2-targeted therapy in IHC 3 + cases and to perform ISH in IHC 2 + cases.
Dietary supplementation with tannins from tara extracts (Caesalpinia spinosa) alters the pig gut microbiota
Authors: Biscarini Filippo , Cremonesi Paola , Natalello Antonio , Priolo Alessandro , Luciano Giuseppe , Castiglioni Bianca
Published: September 2024

In this study, the effect of the dietary supplementation with a novel source oftannins on the gut microbiome of pigs was evaluated. Tannins from differentsources are used in pigs as an alternative to antimicrobials and to zinc and coppersupplementations. This is the first report on the effects of tannins extracted fromtara (Cesalpina spinosa) on the pig gut microbiome. Twenty male finishing pigswere sampled and assigned randomly to the treatment (tannin supplementation)and control groups: rectum swabs were used for 16S rRNA-gene sequencing ofthe gut microbiota. Based on the gut microbiota composition as a whole thetwo groups were clearly distinguishable, as shown by Bray-Curtis dissimilaritiesand by the high accuracy of prediction (0.854) from the OTU-count table with aRandom Forest classification model. On the other hand, other typical indicatorsof microbial diversity, like alpha diversity indices, and the F:B ratio, were notsignificantly different between treatment and controls, likely because of the smallsample size. In conclusion, the dietary supplementation with tannins from taraextracts appears to significantly alter the overall gut microbiome of finisihingpigs, although it is still unclear how this reverberates at the level of specificmicrobiome diversity indicators.
Economic Impact and Postoperative Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Carpal Tunnel Surgery: A Comparison Between Local Anesthesia and General Anesthesia
Authors: vargas Alfonso Soria Galvarro , Guerra Marcelo Teodoro Ezequiel
Published: September 2024

Structured Abstract Objective: This study aimed to compare the economic impact and postoperative outcomes between the local anesthesia technique (WALANT) and general anesthesia in carpal tunnel release surgeries.
Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted involving 251 patients diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome. The patients were divided into two groups: the WALANT group, consisting of 140 patients who underwent surgery with local anesthesia, and the General Anesthesia group, with 111 patients. Costs were analyzed and compared, as well as clinical outcomes, including postoperative pain, patient satisfaction, and time to return to daily activities.
Results: The average cost per patient was significantly lower in the WALANT group (R$252,000.00) compared to the general anesthesia group (R$506,084.00). Additionally, patients in the WALANT group reported lower postoperative pain and returned to daily activities more quickly.
Conclusion: The average cost per patient in the WALANT group was approximately 64% lower than in the general anesthesia group. The WALANT technique has proven to be an economical and effective alternative for carpal tunnel surgery, with clinical outcomes comparable to those of general anesthesia. The choice of anesthetic technique should be based on an individualized assessment, considering costs and patient preferences.
Advancing Mental Stress Detection in Indian Housewives: A Deep Learning Approach with Wearable Physiological Sensors and Feature Selection Methods
Authors: Gedam Shruti , Dutta Sandip , Jha Ritesh
Published: September 2024

Detecting mental stress is critical for timely intervention and support, especially in groups with distinct pressures, such as housewives. This study investigates the possibility of detecting mental stress in Indian housewives using wearable physiological sensors (separately and combinedly) and deep learning (DL) techniques, notably proposed Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) and proposed Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) classifiers. Electrocardiography (ECG), galvanic skin response (GSR), and Skin Temperature (ST) are among the physiological signals studied. These signals provide information on autonomic nervous system regulation, emotional arousal, and changes in peripheral blood flow caused by stress. Notably, feature selection methods have a significant effect on model’s performance. The SelectKBest and Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) approaches demonstrate promising results in terms of precision, recall, F1-score, and accuracy achieving highest accuracy of 97.51% in LSTM using RFE and 94.23% in RNN using RFE when all data signals collected are used. This study illustrates the importance of wearable sensors for assessing mental stress in Indian housewives, highlighting DL's potential for improving stress detection. This research promises personalized therapy, which will improve mental health and quality of life. Early stress diagnosis and response can help to reduce negative health outcomes. The findings emphasise the significance of feature selection and provide significant insights for future research.
RENTABILIDAD FINANCIERA Y SU INCIDENCIA EN LA TOMA DE DECISIONES DEL TALLER AUTOMOTRIZ TELLO
Authors: Macías Loor Félix Ignacio , Tello Macias Wendy Tatiana
Published: September 2024

El Taller Automotriz “Tello” del cantón Manta enfrenta una problemática significativa debido al ineficiente análisis detallado de rentabilidad que revele su situación financiera real, lo cual es esencial para la toma de decisiones eficientes y el manejo eficaz de los recursos económicos. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la rentabilidad financiera y su incidencia en la toma de decisiones del taller. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa de tipo inductivo, recurriendo tanto a la investigación bibliográfica como a la de campo, incluyendo entrevistas con el gerente y el contador. Los resultados mostraron que, aunque la rentabilidad financiera se encuentra estable y se utilizan análisis financieros para la toma de decisiones, la falta de capacitaciones formales sobre rentabilidad financiera es una limitación importante. Además, se identificó que los indicadores financieros, como el ROI y la rentabilidad por cliente, afectan la rentabilidad cuando no se aplican correctamente.
GESTIÓN DE TALENTO HUMANO EN LA FORMACIÓN Y CAPACITACIÓN DE LOS SERVIDORES DEL GADM PUERTO LÓPEZ
Authors: Calle García Aldrin Jefferson , Muñiz Quimis José Gregorio
Published: September 2024

La gestión de talento humano en el GADM Puerto López enfrenta diversas problemáticas, principalmente la falta de recursos y el desconocimiento de las normativas, lo que impacta negativamente en la capacitación constante de los empleados. De este modo, el objetivo del estudio fue determinar cómo la gestión de talento humano influye en la formación y capacitación de los servidores durante el periodo 2022. La metodología incluyó investigación bibliográfica y cualitativa, con métodos deductivo-inductivo, histórico-lógico y descriptivo, aplicando encuestas y entrevistas a una muestra de 160 empleados. Los resultados mostraron que solo el 38% de los empleados han sido evaluados para medir sus conocimientos y habilidades, y el 53% considera inefectivas las capacitaciones recibidas. Las principales barreras para la capacitación constante son el desconocimiento de las normas (48%) y la falta de recursos (28%).
CONTROL DE INVENTARIO Y SU IMPACTO EN LA SALUD FINANCIERA DE LAS EMPRESAS
Authors: Barcia Villamar Fabián Eduardo , Bermeo Castro Génesis Nicolle
Published: September 2024

El control de inventario es importante para la gestión empresarial, impactando directamente la salud financiera y operativa de las empresas. Este estudio se centró en la empresa Importaciones Líneas Exclusivas en Acabados Top-Line Cia. Ltda., que enfrenta problemas críticos en la gestión de inventarios, causando excesos y desabastecimientos, con impacto negativo en su rentabilidad. El objetivo fue determinar cómo el control de inventarios afecta la situación financiera de la empresa y proponer estrategias de mejora. La metodología incluyó investigación no experimental, de campo y correlacional, con un enfoque cualitativo a través de la técnica de la entrevista. Los resultados revelaron procesos sistemáticos para la gestión de inventarios, el uso de indicadores financieros y métodos de análisis que, aunque adecuados, muestran áreas de mejora en la capacitación y comunicación interna.
CULTURA FINANCIERA Y SU INCIDENCIA EN LA ECONOMÍA DE LOS MICROEMPRESARIOS DEL MERCADO CENTRAL DEL CANTON JIPIJAPA
Authors: Ponce Alvarez Cruz Verónica , Vásquez Baque Mayra Yadira
Published: September 2024

La investigación aborda la importancia de la cultura financiera en el ahorro económico de los microempresarios del Mercado Central del cantón Jipijapa, cuyo objetivo fue determinar cómo la cultura financiera influye en el ahorro, describir la relación entre ambos y vincular el conocimiento financiero con las finanzas personales de los microempresarios. La metodología combinó enfoques cualitativos y cuantitativos, utilizando encuestas y la entrevista para recolectar datos. Los resultados mostraron que el 96% de los microempresarios cree que una correcta administración de sus finanzas mejoraría su situación financiera, mientras que el 72% afirma tener conocimiento adecuado sobre administración financiera y el 48% posee préstamos bancarios. En contraste, un 32% recurre a préstamos de personas particulares. En conclusión, fortalecer la educación financiera es esencial para mejorar tanto la estabilidad económica como la capacidad de ahorro de los microempresarios, promoviendo así un desarrollo económico sostenible.
PROCESOS CONTABLES Y SU INCIDENCIA EN EL CONTROL DE INVENTARIOS: EMPRESA MULTICOMERCIO PANCHITA DEL CANTÓN JIPIJAPA
Authors: Proaño Ponce William Patricio , Mero Pincay Madeline Stefany
Published: September 2024

El estudio aborda la problemática de la ineficiencia en el control de inventarios, la cual ha llevado a sobrestock y desabastecimiento, afectando la precisión de los registros contables y la toma de decisiones. El objetivo fue evaluar el sistema de control de inventarios y su contribución al registro contable preciso y a la toma de decisiones efectiva. La metodología utilizada fue no experimental con un enfoque mixto, combinando encuestas cuantitativas y la entrevista cualitativa. Los resultados indican que el 55% de los encuestados usa registros contables diariamente, el 51% está de acuerdo con la necesidad de capacitaciones en gestión de inventarios, y el 64% considera crucial la rotación de inventarios. Concluye que un adecuado control de inventarios mejora la eficiencia operativa, la capacitación continua es esencial para el manejo eficiente de inventarios, y las constataciones físicas frecuentes son necesarias para la precisión de los registros.
Ancient Roman Travel and Travelers in The Journey to Brundisium by Horace
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Kudryavtseva Tatyana V.
Published: September 2024

The article examines in detail the historical and real context of one of the most famous ancient Roman journeys, which was described by Horace in the fifth poem of the first book of satires. The poem is also called Iter Brundisinum, since Horace traveled from Rome to the port of Brundisium on the east coast of Italy. Horace, with his friends-poets, accompanied Maecenas, who had an important diplomatic mission: he was supposed to facilitate the conclusion of a new peace treaty between Octavian and Anthony. The question of the chronology of this journey is complex and confusing; it was even suggested that Horace made up his story, combining several trips that occurred in different years. The most likely dating is the spring of 37 BC, when negotiations took place between the triumvirs, ending with the conclusion of the Treaty of Tarentum. The article puts forward arguments in favor of this hypothesis. With regards to style, Iter Brundisinum is travel diary entries in the poetic form of satura; there is little information in the text about the political situation. Recently, researchers have been trying to discern political subtext and allusions in some scenes of this poem. These attempts are not always successful. Some explanations were also suggested for the abrupt ending of Iter Brundisinum, which has disappointed many historians. The poet’s deliberate detachment from the political agenda, insignificant details that are so important for his comfort and self-perception, allow us to gain insight into the thoughts and feelings, the experience of journey by a Roman traveler, i. e., to study men in time.
The Ethnic Status of the Jewish People in the Soviet Union
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Mironov Boris N.
Published: September 2024

The issue of the Jewish people in the USSR has been extensively examined in the scholarship. In Soviet historiography, the authors focused on the achievements of Soviet Jewish national policy, on overcoming the ethnic inequality of Jews, on their role in power structures and the elite, on their participation in the construction of a new socialist society. Most modern historians study the situation of Jews through the prism of discrimination in political, social, cultural, economic, day-to-day life, and other spheres. The disadvantage of many works is the lack of empirical data and the lack of comparative historical analysis. The condition of Soviet Jews is not compared with the situation of other Soviet peoples and with that of the Jews in other countries, which creates the idea that only Soviet Jews suffered or that they were the most discriminated ethnic group in the country. The author attempts to verify the position of Jews in terms of their ethnic status in the Soviet society on the basis of a variety of statistical data. The status of the Jewish ethnic group, by analogy with the social status of a person in sociology, is evaluated against five important criteria: power, education, prestige, property status, and lifestyle. The author comes to the conclusion that the Jewish community in the Soviet Union was wisely representated in government bodies during some periods and adequately representated in others in other spheres; had always had the highest socio-professional profile, the highest education, and the highest incomes compared to other ethnic groups. They managed to successfully break through the glass ceiling of formal and informal prohibitions, restrictions, and prejudices.
Malicious use of artificial intelligence and challenges to psychological security in China
Authors:   Institute of Contemporary International Studies of the Diplomatic Academy, Pashentsev Evgeny , Blekanov Ivan ,   St. Petersburg State University, Mikhalevich Ekaterina ,   Gazpromneft Science and Technology center, Wong Nelson ,   Shanghai Centre for RimPac Strategic and International Studies
Published: September 2024

Economic problems, institutional degradation, social polarization, rising political tensions, and the interstate conflicts are all occurring alongside rapid AI development, creating extremely favorable grounds for its malicious use. The practice of using AI to destabilize the economy, political institutions and international relations through targeted psychological influence is growing rapidly. This article focuses on the current and future threats to China’s psychological security caused by the malicious use of AI, as well as the response measures taken by the Chinese government. The experience of China is important due to its role in global economy and international affairs, as well the country’s leadership in numerous areas of development and implementation of AI technologies. At the same time, China is facing internal and external challenges that create a fertile ground for malicious use of AI. The article contributors paid special attention to such threats in the field of psychological security of China as malicious use of deepfakes and chatbots, the role of AI in cognitive warfare, phishing and social engineering, etc. The article is written within the framework of the methodology of political science, but it has elements of an interdisciplinary approach, when AI technologies allow obtaining a more accurate, quantifiable answer to some research questions.
Estudio de caso sobre los usos de las tecnologías digitales por el estudiante universitario durante la pandemia
Authors: Calle Álvarez Gerzon Yair , Mercado Borja William Enrique
Published: September 2024

Las universidades implementan metodologías presenciales, a distancia y virtuales para el desarrollo de los programas académicos. Sin embargo, durante la pandemia se focalizaron en el uso de las tecnologías digitales. Este artículo tiene como propósito analizar el empleo de dichos recursos por los estudiantes universitarios durante el tiempo de pandemia. Se aplicó un estudio de caso en una universidad privada de Colombia que ofrece educación en modalidades presencial, a distancia y virtual. Los instrumentos de recolección de información fueron el cuestionario y el grupo focal. Los resultados muestran que el uso más frecuente que los alumnos hicieron de las tecnologías digitales durante la pandemia fue el comunicativo, lo que se corresponde con la competencia digital que más han desarrollado, y desde las estrategias de aprendizaje se centraron en la solución de actividades académicas. En las conclusiones se afirma que se requiere seguir fortaleciendo en los estudiantes que cursan estudios de pregrado en las metodologías presencial, a distancia y virtual el aprovechamiento de las tecnologías digitales para la participación social, política y cultural del país.
Using the Whatsapp application as a technological tool to improve the teaching and learning of the English language during natural disasters or health emergencies
Authors: Rivera-Mendoza Katiuska Josefina , Alcivar-Calderon Victor Efren
Published: September 2024

The research is based on the use of the WhatsApp application as a technological tool to improve the teaching and learning of the English language during natural disasters or health emergencies. The objective was to determine the use of the WhatsApp application as a technological tool in the English teaching-learning process during national emergencies. He adopted a quantitative approach. The level of research was descriptive and explanatory. The techniques used were a survey of teachers and a knowledge test of students to evaluate results. When evaluating the students on what level of knowledge they achieved during the proposed exercise, the data indicated that 10% did not reach the required learning, but they are close to achieving the required learning 20%, mastered the required learning by 50% or 20% achieve the required learning. When evaluating the use of the WhatsApp application during natural disasters or health emergencies in students, it is evident that when an emergency occurs, face-to-face classes are interrupted, which produces a delay in the teaching-learning process in students.
Impact of Biopsychosocial Stressor on Extreme Prakriti Types - A Review Article
Authors: Shyamsundar Parmar  , Babita Sharma
Published: September 2024

Being the science of life Ayurveda is associated with all the aspects of human life. The desire to live healthy has been common to all living creatures ever since the first unicellular organism has evolved on the planet earth. The desire itself is the cause vital which leads to a successful evolutionary progress into more structurally and functionally developed multicellular organism. The importance of individual variations in health and disease is a unique principle described hundreds of years ago as every individual is different from another and hence should be considered as a different entity, as many variations are there in the universe, all sorts of variations are seen in the human being. The concept of Prakriti in Ayurveda also believes in distinctiveness of individuals. Stress can be defined as 'difficulty that creates anxiety or emotional tension. It is a state of emotional or mental strain or suspense, such as anxiety, tension, jitters, or nervousness. Stress can result from any thinking or scenario that makes you upset, nervous, or furious. What one individual finds stressful may not be the same for another. If someone is anxious, and that stress is not managed, it might have serious consequences.Top of Form
Growth Hormone Gene Diversity and Quantitative Characteristics of Thin-Tailed Sheep in Muara Tembesi District Batang Hari Regency
Authors: Pratama Bondan , Depison Depison , Gushairiyanto Gushairiyanto , Gunawan Asep , Sumantri Cece
Published: September 2024

Research on thin-tailed sheep (TTS) via quantitative and molecular characterization is essential for obtaining primary data on genetic diversity. The quantitative description includes body weight, weight gain, and body measurements. Molecular characterization is performed directly on structural genes. One gene that affects livestock growth and metabolism is the growth hormone (GH) gene. The commonly used method is PCR-RFLP. The research was conducted in two stages. Field research was conducted to obtain quantitative characteristic data, including body weight, weight gain, and body measurements, as well as blood samples from 62 TTS (31 males and 31 females). Research in the laboratory includes DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and restriction with the Msp1 enzyme. Data analysis included a t test to calculate the differences in body weight, weight gain, and body size between male and female TTS. T2-hotelling was used to compare the morphometric body sizes of the male and female TTS simultaneously, and principal component analysis was used to determine the body shape and size characteristics of the male and female TTS. The results revealed that the male TTS mean body weight, weight gain, and body size were significantly (P<0.05) greater than those of the female TTS. The results of the molecular analysis of the GH gene with the MspI cutting enzyme revealed that it is monomorphic with the ++ genotype. Conclusion: Body weight, weight gain, and body size were greater in males with TTS than in females with TTS. The body size characteristics of male and female TTS patients were body length, shoulder height, and chest circumference. The body shape characteristic was chest depth. The restriction of the GH|Msp1 TTS gene DNA fragment in exon 5 in the Muara Tembesi district is monomorphic.
Marketing Strategy for Quail Eggs at Pesantren Manajer Tholabie, Malang, Indonesia
Authors: Marliana Dina , Prafitri Rizki , Winarto Priyo Sugeng
Published: September 2024

The marketing strategy research was conducted at Pesantren Manajer Tholabie, Baran Buring, Kedungkandang District, Malang City. The purpose of this study was to analyse the marketing strategy and marketing development strategy of quail egg products at this institution. The method involved a survey with a quantifiable approach. The data analysis in this study used Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) analysis. The results showed that the marketing strategy carried out by the Pesantren Manajer Tholabie Business Unit for promoting quail eggs was to use digital marketing in terms of WhatsApp blasts and conventional marketing, such as offering the product to the vegetable vendor and the neighbours of The Pesantren Manajer Tholabie. The strategy for developing quail egg marketing at the Pesantren Manajer Tholabie could be carried out using the S-O (Strenghts-Opportunities) strategy, such as improving business skills in agriculture, improving service to consumers, utilizing high market information access, maintaining good communication with consumers, utilizing the development and progress of science and technology for promotional activities and buying and selling products.
Efficacy of Calcium Pidolate Supplementation on the Growth Performance, Tibial Breaking Strength and Income over Feed Cost of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Aguilon Loren Domondon , Purnamasari Listya , Olarve Joseph Penano , Dela Cruz Joseph Flores
Published: September 2024

Calcium pidolate is an organic calcium source that can be used as a supplement in the diet of broiler chickens. This is an innovative new form of calcium supplementation that promotes mineral absorption in broiler chickens. This study aimed to determine the effect of calcium pidolate supplementation on the growth performance of broiler chickens. A total of 120 one-day-old Ross chicks were used in this study. The broiler chickens were randomly distributed into two treatment groups with three replicates per treatment. The two treatment groups were the control group with calcium phosphorus supplementation and treatment 2 (T2) with calcium pidolate supplementation. The evaluated growth performance parameters included body weight, body weight gain, average daily gain, average feed consumption, feed efficiency, feed conversion ratio, percent liveability, and tibia breaking strength. The income over feed and chick cost (IOFCC) was also evaluated. The results showed no significant improvement in body weight, body weight gain, average daily gain, average feed consumption, feed efficiency, or percent viability in the T2 group. However, there was a significant increase in the tibia breaking strength of the T2 group compared to that of the control group. In addition, the control group had a greater IOFCC than did the T2 group. In summary, calcium pidolate supplementation may be used as a calcium source for improving the bone strength of broiler chickens.
Anotação ao Acórdão do Tribunal Constitucional n.º 171/2014
Authors: Monteiro Fernando Conde
Published: September 2024

O Tribunal Constitucional, no acórdão n.º 171/2014, proferido em plenário, no mês de fevereiro de 2014, considerou o disposto no art. 8.º, n.º 7, do RGIT inconstitucional com força obrigatória geral na parte em que se refere à responsabilidade solidária de administradores e gerentes de uma sociedade que tenham colaborado dolosamente na realização de infracção pelas multas aplicadas à sociedade, por violação do princípio da pessoalidade presente no n.º 3 do art. 30.º da CRP.Este artigo analisa detalhadamente a argumentação utilizada pelo Tribunal Constitucional neste acórdão, demonstrando os vários equívocos em que os Digníssimos Juízes caíram, desde a incompreensão do conteúdo normativo do preceito em questão até à totalidade do processo argumentativo que culminou na decisão em causa.
Yeast and Wrapping Materials on The Quality of Tempeh
Authors: Rachmah Annisa Nur , Cempaka Laras , Mukaromah Arnia Sari
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Tempeh is one of the popular fermented soybeas products in Indonesia and in involves yeast in its manufacture. In addition to its delicious taste and relatively affordable price, tempeh has many nutritional values ​​including vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), vitamin K, protein and high essential amino acids. The good tempeh quality can be affected by materials preference and accuracy throughout making process. Besides soybeans, the tempeh quality is affected by type of yeast and packaging materials. Currently, tempeh making process commonly use instant yeast and plastic as wrapping material than either usar or other wrapping material in the market. The research objective was to elaborate the yeast types impact and wrapping materials on the quality and shelf life of soybean tempeh. The organoleptic assessment was carried out by the hedonic test analyzed by the Kruskal Wallis test and proceeded by the Mann Whitney test if there was a significant difference. Meanwhile, the observation of shelf life was carried out by means of a sensory test until the tempeh rotted. The results showed the type of yeast and packaging materials influencing on the quality of tempeh. Tempeh treatment P5 (using usar and banana leaves) had the highest score in color criteria (3.76±0.0737), smell (2.73±0.1447ceg), texture (2.93±0.1047ceg), taste (3.74±0.1407fj), shelf life (4 days) and faster mold growth than other treatment. According to the results, the panelists preferred tempeh fermented using usar and wrapped in banana leaves, because it was more natural and had the longest durability.
Variation and Phenetic Relationship of Passiflora spp. in Yogyakarta Based on Morphological and Anatomical Characters
Authors: Maulidiyah Nur 'Aini , Purnomo Purnomo
Published: September 2024

Passiflora spp. or passion fruit is a tropical plant that is often used as a food source. The large morphological variations of Passiflora cause difficulties in identifying the species. The objectives of the study are to identify the specific morphological and anatomical characters of Passiflora spp. in Yogyakarta and to determine their phenetic relationship for identification. A total of 15 samples of Passiflora were taken by purposive sampling technique from Bantul, Sleman, Kulon Progo, and Yogyakarta City, and then carried through the morphological and anatomical characterization. The morphological characters observed stems, leaves, and flowers, while the anatomical characters observed leaves. The results show that the observed samples are identified as four species, P. foetida, P. vitifolia, P. edulis, and P. quadrangularis. The P. edulis species consists of two forms, P. edulis f. flavicarpa and P. edulis f. edulis. The variation of morphological character lie in young stem shape, leaf shape, the texture of stem and leaf surface, bract shape and color, sepal and petal color, and the presence of a purple corona ring. While the variation of anatomical characters lie in the pattern of the vascular bundles, the shape of the upper and lower sides of the leaf veins, the shape and size of the palisade cells, as well as the type and density of stomata. Based on the phenetic analysis on the 0.8 phenon line, four main clusters were formed, P. foetida, P. vitifolia, P. edulis, and P. quadrangularis.
Robust Proportional Integral-State Feedback with Disturbance Observer for 2-DOF Helicopter System
Authors: Abd Al Kareem Mohammed Shatha , Hussien Mary Ali , Al‐Abadi Ali , Ghufran Khidhir Abboosh Mohammed
Published: September 2024

تقدم هذه الورقة خوارزمية تحكم جديدة مثالية ومتينة قائمة على متحكم التكامل النسبي (PI) ووحدة التحكم في رد الفعل الراجع (SFB) مع مراقب اضطراب الحالة لنظام طائرات هليكوبتر تتحرك بدرجتين من الحرية. بدلا من استخدام الكسب العالي لرفض الاضطراب الخارجي، تم استخدام مراقب الاضطراب لتحسين متانة وحدة التحكم المقترحة. في حين تم تحسين أداء النظام المتحكم به من خلال الجمع بين وحدة التحكم PI ووحدة التحكم في ردود الفعل الخاصة بالحالة. من أجل التحقق من أداء ومتانة طريقة التحكم المقترحة، تم اجراء عمليات محاكاة تعتمد على Matlab 2022 لمقارنة وحدة التحكم المقترحة مع وحدة التحكم LQR. تمت المقارنة بين المتحكمات في ثلاث حالات: 1) النموذج الاسمي 2) رفض الاضطراب 3) عدم يقين النظام. تظهر الخوارزمية المقترحة خصائص جيدة بالقرب من تردد القطع، والتي يمكن تأكيدها بوضوح من خلال نتائج المجال الزمني.