bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eleveur et grands herbivores : une relation à entretenir
Authors: BOIVIN X. , LE NEINDRE P. , BOISSY A. , LENSINK J. , TRILLAT G. , VEISSIER I
Published: June 2020

L’élevage des grands herbivores se transforme, diminuant la présence humaine auprès des animaux tout en augmentant la taille du troupeau et l’élevage en extérieur. Quelle peut-être alors la réaction des animaux à l’homme et aux manipulations dans ces conditions ? Quels problèmes peuvent se poser à la fois pour les animaux et pour leur éleveur ? Quelles solutions sont envisageables ? Ce texte présente d’abord différentes méthodologies utilisées pour mesurer la réaction des animaux d’élevage à l’homme. Elles permettent d’inférer la perception de l’homme par l’animal. Ce texte passe ensuite en revue les différents facteurs de la réaction des animaux à l’homme en abordant les facteurs génétiques et l’histoire de l’individu ainsi que l’importance de la composante humaine de cette relation. Les conséquences pour le bien-être de l’animal et pour le travail de l’éleveur ou du manipulateur sont soulignées de même que sont évoqués les moyens envisagés ou envisageables pour améliorer la relation animal-homme. Comprendre la perception de l’homme par l’animal est un élément essentiel de la bonne cohabitation entre l’homme et l’animal d’élevage. L’homme pourrait s’intégrer dans l’univers social de l’animal. Malheureusement, c’est un champ de recherche encore à explorer.
Typologie et ontogenèse des fibres musculaires chez le bovin
Authors: PICARD B. , JURIE C. , CASSAR-MALEK I. , HOCQUETTE J.F.
Published: June 2020

Cet article fait partie du Dossier Typologie et ontogenèse des fibres musculaires chez différentes espèces d’intérêt agronomique.
Typologie et ontogenèse des fibres musculaires chez le porc
Authors: LEFAUCHEUR L.
Published: June 2020

Cet article fait partie du Dossier Typologie et ontogenèse des fibres musculaires chez différentes espèces d’intérêt agronomique.
Zebrafish Models in Neural and Behavioral Toxicology across the Life Stages
Authors: Costa Bruna Patrícia Dutra , Aquino Moura Layana , Gomes Pinto Sabrina Alana , Lima-Maximino Monica Gomes , Maximino Caio
Published: June 2020

The industry is increasingly relying on fish for toxicity assessment. However, current guidelines for toxicity assessment focus on teratogenicity and mortality. From an ecotoxicological point of view, however, these endpoints may not reflect the “full picture” of possible deleterious effects that can nonetheless result in decreased fitness and/or inability to adapt to a changing environment, affecting whole populations. Therefore, assessing sublethal effects add relevant data covering different aspects of toxicity at different levels of analysis. Impacts of toxicants on neurobehavioral function have the potential to affect many different life-history traits, and are easier to assess in the laboratory than in the wild. We propose that carefully-controlled laboratory experiments on different behavioral domains – including anxiety, aggression, and exploration – can increase our understanding of the ecotoxicological impacts of contaminants, since these domains are related to traits such as defense, sociality, and reproduction, directly impacting life-history traits. The effects of selected contaminants on these tests are reviewed, focusing on larval and adult zebrafish, showing that these behavioral domains are highly sensitive to small concentrations of these substances. These strategies suggest a way forward on ecotoxicological research using fish.
 NegEnt: Cannabidiol-based Aromatherapy  Theoretical Aspects, Pharmacology, Clinical and Research Perspectives, Economic and Social Implications
Authors: Scrimali Tullio
Published: June 2020

The article describes a research project that included the conception, development, testing and dissemination of a new drug, based on cannabidiol and called NegEnt (registered name and trademark).In this contribution, the author fully describes a new product for Aromatherapy that was developed and how it can be used for significant progress on various treatments for different conditions in psychiatry, neurology, and medicine. It also presents completed work for new herbal medicines at affordable costs worldwide.The clinical research program launched and the organizational and legal solutions identified are described to scientifically evaluate in accordance with a single case research study design. NegEnt's pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, pharmacodynamics, therapeutic efficacy, and tolerability is examined.In the last part of the article there is an outline of the project formulated for the development in Sicily in the province of Enna where NegEnt is produced in accordance with an innovative project of regional social promotion and based on the cultivation of cannabis Sativa Light, otherwise known as Progetto Demetra. This project established an operational module that is managed by a non-profit social enterprise called the Higher Institute for Cognitive Sciences, the ALETEIA LAB for Therapeutic cannabis, and as an ethical enterprise, which is called Herbal Neurocare (registered name and trademark). It contributes to improved health as well as promoting the economic and social development of this economically depressed area.
Mapping of Agricultural Subsurface Drainage Systems Using a Frequency-Domain Ground Penetrating Radar and Evaluating Its Performance Using a Single-Frequency Multi-Receiver Electromagnetic Induction Instrument
Authors: Koganti Triven , Van De Vijver Ellen , Allred Barry J. , Greve Mogens H. , Ringgaard Jørgen , Iversen Bo V.
Published: June 2020

Subsurface drainage systems remove excess water from the soil profile thereby improving crop yields in poorly drained farmland. Knowledge of the position of the buried drain lines is important: 1) to improve understanding of leaching and offsite release of nutrients and pesticides, and 2) for the installation of a new set of drain lines between the old ones for enhanced soil water removal efficiency. Traditional methods of drainage mapping involve the use of tile probes and trenching equipment. While these can be effective, they are also time-consuming, labor-intensive, and invasive, thereby entailing an inherent risk of damaging the drainpipes. Non-invasive geophysical soil sensors provide a potential alternative solution. Previous research has focused on the use of time-domain ground penetrating radar (GPR), with variable success depending on local soil and hydrological conditions and the central frequency of the specific equipment employed. The objectives of this study were 1) to test the use of a stepped-frequency continuous wave (SFCW) 3D-GPR (GeoScope Mk IV 3D-Radar with DXG1820 antenna array) for subsurface drainage mapping, and 2) to evaluate the performance of a 3D-GPR with the use of a single-frequency multi-receiver electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensor (DUALEM) in-combination. The 3D-GPR system offers more flexibility for application to different (sub)surface conditions due to the coverage of wide frequency bandwidth. The EMI sensor simultaneously provides information about the apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) for different soil volumes, corresponding to different depths. This sensor combination was evaluated on twelve different study sites with various soil types with textures ranging from sand to clay till. While the 3-D GPR showed a high success rate in finding the drainpipes at five sites (sandy, sandy loam, loamy sand, and organic topsoils), the results at the other seven sites were less successful due to limited penetration depth (PD) of the 3D-GPR signal. The results suggest that the electrical conductivity estimates produced by the inversion of ECa data measured by the DUALEM sensor could be a useful proxy to explain the success achieved by the 3D-GPR in finding the drain lines. The high attenuation of electromagnetic waves in highly conductive media limiting the PD of the 3D-GPR can explain the findings obtained in this research.
Rating Performance among Raters of Different Experience Through Multi-Facet Rasch Measurement (MFRM) Model
Authors: MOHD NOH Muhamad Firdaus , MOHD MATORE Mohd Effendi Ewan
Published: June 2020

One’s experience can greatly contribute to a diversified rating performance in educational scoring. Heterogeneous ratings can negatively affect examinees’ results. The aim of the study is to examine raters’ rating performance in assessing oral tests among lower secondary school students using Multi-facet Rasch Measurement (MFRM) model indicated by raters’ severity. Respondents are thirty English Language teachers clustered into two groups based on their rating experience in high-stakes assessment. The respondents listened to ten examinees’ recorded answers of three oral test items and provided their ratings. Instruments include items, examinees’ answers, scoring rubric, and scoring sheet used to appraise examinees’ competence in three domains which are vocabulary, grammar, and communicative competence. MFRM analysis showed that raters exhibited diversity in their severity level with chi-square χ2=2.661. Raters’ severity measures ranged from 2.13 to -1.45 logits. Independent t-test indicated that there was a significant difference in ratings provided by the inexperienced and the experienced raters, t-value = -0.96, df = 28, p<0.01. The findings of this study suggest that assessment developers must ensure raters are well versed before they can rate examinees in operational settings gained through assessment practices or rater training. Further research is needed to account for the varying effects of rating experience in other assessment contexts and the effects of interaction between facets on estimates of examinees’ measures. The present study provides additional evidence with respect to the role of rating experience in inspiring raters to provide accurate ratings.
Connecting Science with Story Tale: How Sainsmatika Story Tale Book Decrease Science Anxiety of 4th Graders Student
Authors: Putri Agnestasia Ramadhani , Mustadi Ali
Published: June 2020

This study investigating the effectiveness of using Sainsmatika story tale book towards student science anxiety. The study were an experimental research with pretest-posttest control-group design, involving 122 fourth-grade students in one of the district in Indonesia. Characteristically, this research employs quantitative data which were collected from the questionnaire results regarding science anxiety. The data were analyzed using statistical methods to calculate the values and determine the frequency as well as the mean of pretest and posttest scores in control and experimental classes. To determine the effectiveness of using fairytale books to reduce students’ science anxiety, the one-way analysis of ANOVA was used with a significant difference at the level of Sig < 0.05.  The results of this study reveal that the use of sainsmatika-based fairytale books is effective to reduce science anxiety of the fourth-grade students with significancy 0.00 (<0.05).
Student Creativity through Project-based Learning Experiences
Authors: Desi Desi , Mujamil Jejem , Lesmini Bety , Hidayat Iceng
Published: June 2020

This study aims to analyze students’ creativity through project-based learning experiences in a electrochemistry topic. Subject of this study was 40 students from Chemistry Education Study Program who took basic chemistry course. Students experienced several activities, namely: forming groups of three, asking and refining questions, debating ideas, making predictions, designing plans and/or experiments, collecting and analyzing data, drawing conclusions, communicating their ideas and findings to others, asking new questions, and creating artifacts like a model, a videotape, or a media. Then, the lecturer monitored the students and the progress of the project, assessed the outcome and evaluated the experience resulting students-in group’ creativity profile. Research instruments are project assessment rubrics and observation sheets. Findings show that students’ creativity in groups ranges from  less to very good or from 48.15 to 92.59. Although there are still shortcomings with this study, we encourage other lecturers to implement this type of learning model in other courses or subjects in order to improve students’ problem solving skills.
Identifikasi Sikap: Ketertarikan Meluangkan Waktu Belajar Fisika, Normalitas Ilmuwan, Adopsi Sikap Ilmiah
Authors: Putra Dodi Setiawan , Zain Muhammad Sofyan , Subiantoro Cahyono
Published: June 2020

This study aims to look at students' interest in spending time learning physics, how is the normality of scientists in students' perspectives, and the adoption of students' scientific attitudes in class. The methodology used is quantitative research with a descriptive survey research design. The results showed students were still hesitant to spend time learning physics, students were still hesitant to behave like scientists, and students were able to apply scientific attitudes in class.
Deleuze gótico
Authors: González Fernández Martín
Published: June 2020

Este artículo trata de examinar las raíces medievales del pensamiento de Gilles Deleuze, uno de los padres de la posmodernidad en filosofía; concretamente sus débitos con Juan Duns Escoto. Nos centramos en siete categorías filosóficas: univocidad del ser, distinción formal, potencia, haecceitas, materia, coexistencia de formas, modo intrínseco e intensidad.
Luca Bianchi, Onorato Grassi, Cecilia Panti (eds.), Edizioni, traduzioni e tradizioni filosofiche (secoli XII–XVI). Studi per Pietro B. Rossi, 2 vol., Flumen Sapientiae. Studi sul pensiero medievale, 7, Roma, Aracne Editore, 2018, 652 pp. ISBN: 9788825516
Authors: MEIRINHOS JOSÉ
Published: June 2020

Reseñado por JOSÉ MEIRINHOS Universidade do Porto meirinhos@letras.up.pt
Penanaman Mangrove sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Abrasi di Desa Socah
Authors: Syah Achmad Fachruddin
Published: June 2020

Ekosistem hutan mangrove merupakan habitat penting bagi organisme kelautan dan sebagai penjaga pantai dari abrasi. Salah satu daerah yang mempunyai hutan mangrove dan cukup rentan dengan terjadinya abrasi adalah Desa Socah di Kabupaten Bangkalan. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masayarakat tentang pentingnya mangrove dalam mencegah terjadi abrasi, khusunya di Desa Socah. Kegiatan ini melibatkan pemuda karang ateruna dan warga Desa. Secara umum, kegiatan ini berjalan dengan lancar dan diikuti dengan antusias yang cukup tinggi oleh seluruh peserta. Diharapkan dengan adanya kegiatan ini, masyarakat Socah dapat memahami dan mengambil manfaat besar yang dimiliki oleh mangrove serta mencegah Desa Socah dari abrasi.
Rumah Literasu Rasau Jaya untuk Meningkatkan Cinta Budaya Kearifan Lokal
Authors: Setyowati Desy , Kurniawati Dedek , Handayani Exnasia Retno Palupi
Published: June 2020

Rasau Jasa merupakan satu diantara wilayah di Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Penyelenggaraan pendidikan di Kubu Raya khususnya Rasau Jaya yang terlaksana sama dengan di sekolah-sekolah lainnya. Akan tetapi dalam pelayanan pendidikan belum berjalan dengan maksimal. Upaya perbaikan dan pelayanan pada bidang pendidikan terus dilaksanakan. Permasalahan dalam bidang pendidikan yang terjadi di lapangan yaitu keterbatasan buku sebagai sumber baca, kurangnya penggiat di bidang literasi, khususnya di Desa Rasau Jaya Satu, kurangnya kesadaran minat baca dan menulis masyarakat terutama anak-anak, dan kecenderungan masyarakat Rasau Jaya Satu terutama anak-anak pada gawai daripada aktifitas membaca dan menulis. Solusi secara umum pada permasalahan tersebut adalah mengaktifkan kembali rumah pintar sebagai pusat literasi Rasau Jaya. Selain itu, solusi secara khusus dari permasalahan tersebut adalah tersedianya buku-buku terutama yang bermuatan kearifan lokal sebagai sumber baca, terbentuknya tim relawan desa yang mengelola rumah pintar tersebut, masyarakat khususnya anak – anak memahami tentang cara membaca dan menulis yang benar, dan masyarakat khususnya anak-anak mampu membuat tulisan berupa cerita pendek ataupun puisi. Luaran kegiatan PKM untuk pihak mitra yaitu berlangsungnya rumah pintar, adanya tim relawan desa, ketersediaan buku bacaan, kemampuan membaca dan menulis meningkat pada masyarakat khususnya anak-anak, dan keterlibatan masyarakat khususnya anak-anak dalam perlombaan mengenai menulis.
Particularities of metallographic preparation for the analysis of thin layers and coatings. Foundry production and metallurgy
Authors: Anisovich A. G.
Published: June 2020

The article deals with the issues of determining the thickness of layers and coatings for various purposes in metallographic research. The role of the material for filling metallographic sections in determining the layer thickness is demonstrated. It is shown that when filling the sample with plastic masses, the error in determining the layer thickness can be 0.2...0.4 microns, which is significant for thin layers. Sample preparation options for determining the thickness of titanium nitride layers with a thickness of 1 microns or less are considered. It is shown that with the optimal method of sample preparation, it is possible to visualize a layer less than 1 microns thick, and also determine its thickness in the image processing program.
Dynamic alloying of high manganese steel
Authors: Marukovich E. I. , Usherenko S. M. , Andrushevich A. A. , Reut O. P. , Yazdani-Cherati Javad
Published: June 2020

The option of creating a composite material based on high manganese steel by the method of dynamic alloying in the superdeep penetration mode by flows of powder particles is considered. The dynamic effect of powdered microparticles on a matrix billet transforms the original cast steel into a composite material and leads to a change in mechanical properties.
EFFECT OF SALINITY CHANGES ON METHIONINE CONTENT IN TIGER GROUPER JUVENILE (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus)
Authors: Abbas Muhammadar Abdullah , Abidin Muchlisin Zainal , Putra Dedi Fazriansyah , Firdus Firdus , Batubara Agung Setia , Sail Asmawati Muhammad , Syafruddin Syafruddin , Roslizawaty Roslizawaty , Sutriana Amalia , Aliza Dwinna
Published: June 2020

This study was conducted to determine the effect of water salinity changes on methionine content in tiger grouper juvenile (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus). A total of 2,560 tiger grouper juveniles were used and divided into five groups consist of 1 control group (without exposed to salinity changes) and 4 treatment groups. The salinity was changed every 2, 3, 4, and 6 hours in treatment A, B, C, and D, respectively. Salinity levels were changed during 24 hours by lowering salinity level from 32 psu to 22 psu. Twenty five of fish were collected from each treatment for methionine content analysis. Data were analysed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that there was a decrease in methionine content in all treatments. A significant decrease (P0.05) of methionine content in treatment A, B, and C were observed after 20 hours (1.15%), 18 hours (1.27%), and 16 hours (1.24%), respectively. While at 0 hours (control), the methionine content was 2.02%. Methionine level in treatment D was not significantly different (P0.05) compared to control group. As conclusion, rearing the tiger grouper juvenile with salinity fluctuations every 6 hours did not lead to methionine deficiency.
THE ADDITION OF FRESH GARLIC (Allium sativum L) IN DUCK FEED REDUCES CHOLESTEROL CONTENT OF DUCK EGG
Authors: Jaya I Nyoman Sukartha , Haryani Ni Ketut Dewi , Indarsih Budi
Published: June 2020

The objective of this study to determine the effect of feeding fresh garlic to ducks on decrease the cholesterol level of duck eggs. This study composed of two treatment groups. The duck in the first group (control) was fed local feed without spplemente d with fresh garlic, while in the second group was fed with local feed and supplemented with 50 grams of fresh garlic/duck/day. Egg yolk cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides (TG) analysis were carried out at the end of the study using the ether extract method and then with the Cholesterol Oksidase Para Amino Penazone (CHOD-PAP) or enzymatic color test. Data was analysed using one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) the results showed that fresh garlic reduced total cholesterol, LDL fraction, and triglyceride, but increased the HDL fraction of duck egg yolk. The total cholesterol, LDL fraction, and triglyceride of duck egg yolks dropped by around 15.98 mg per dL (8.06%), 10.40 mg per dL (12.97%), 64.92 mg per dL (12.71%), respectively, while the HDL fraction increased by 11.40 mg per dL (19.32%) The results of this study indicated that fresh garlic can be used to produce specific products such as low cholesterol and low fat duck eggs.
ANALYSIS OF APOLIPOPROTEIN-B (APO-B) GENE IN ATHEROSCLEROSIS MICE GIVEN CURCUMINOID EXTRACT OF ZANTHORRIZA IN ORAL
Authors: Susmiati Trini , Widayanti Rini , Purwantoro Aris , Airin Claude Mona , Sarmin Sarmin
Published: June 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the apolipoprotein-B (apo-B) gene in atherosclerosis mice which were orally given curcuminoid extract of Curcuma xanthorriza. A total number of 30 white mice were split into 6 groups, the first group considered as control (without any treatment), second group as atherogenic feed control, the third group as extract control, while the fourth, fifth and sixth groups as atherogenic feed and curcuminoid Curcuma xanthorriza extract group treated with 5 mg/mouse, 10 mg/mouse and 15 mg/ mouse, respectively for three months. The blood samples were taken from all six groups for the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis using total DNA isolation, DNA amplification with polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and DNA sequencing. The data analysis showed that 374 bp nucleotide sequence gen of apo-B from Rattus norvegicus in groups B, C, D, E, and F did not cause any changes in genes. The analysis showed the sequence of apo-B Rattus norvegicus gene in the treatment group was apparently identical with that of Rattus norvegicus group A as the control group without treatment. As conclusion, the administration of curcuminoid zanthorrizza to atherosclerosis mice did not change the gene structure of apo-B 100.
FERTILITY AND FERTILE PERIOD OF DUCK EGGS AFTER ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION WITH MUSCOVY DUCK SEMEN SUPPLEMENTED WITH VITAMIN C AND E
Authors: Hidayat Nu'man - , Ismoyowati Ismoyowati - , Hidayah Chomsiatun Nurul , Nugroho Aras Prasetiyo
Published: June 2020

The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of duck variants and addition of vitamins into muscovy duck semen on fertility and fertile period of duck eggs after artificial insemination. Semen was collected from five muscovy ducks and divided into 3 treatment groups: without vitamin supplementation (A0), supplementation of 400 μg/mL vitamin C (A1), and supplementation of 80 μg/ml vitamin E (A2). Each semen was inseminated into female ducks of Magelang (B1) and Mojosari (B2) variants. Complete Random Design was used with 3x2 factorial. The results showed that vitamins and duck variants had no significant interaction (P0.05) with fertility and fertile period. The duck variant had no effect (P0.05) on fertility and fertile period, while the addition of vitamins significantly affected (P0.01) the fertility and fertile period. The addition of 400 μg/mL vitamin C increased fertility by 22.28±0.20% but reduced the fertile period by 7.8±3.5 days, whereas 80 μg/mL of vitamin E increased fertility by 11.57±2.47% but reduced fertile period by 12.3±0.9 days. It can be concluded that the addition of 400 μg/mL of vitamin C and 80 μg/mL of vitamin E in Muscovy duck semen increased fertility but shortened fertile period of duck eggs after artificial insemination.
PREVALENCE OF MARES’ GRANULOSA THECA CELL TUMOR (GTCT) IN INDONESIA
Authors: Amrozi Amrozi , Melia Juli , Parwati Luci , Tumbelaka Ligaya I.T.A.
Published: June 2020

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence rate of mares’ GTCT in Indonesia. Ultrasound examination of ovaries were performed on mares in Java and Madura Island of Indonesia. Thirteen mares had been affected by GTCT from 2913 number of examinations. The prevalence rate of GTCT during year 2006 and 2007 were 4.71% and 5.56%, respectively followed by a decrease in prevalence rate of GTCT during 2008-2014. The reproductive cycle in a mare with GTCT had returned to normal 6 months after ovariectomy.
THE IMPROVEMENT OF SEMEN QUALITY AND TESTOSTERONE LEVEL OF BALI CATTLE AFTER PROSTAGLANDIN F2α ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Sari Eka Meutia , Tanjung Satria , Sari Dewi Ratna , Akmal Muslim , Siregar Tongku Nizwan , Thasmi Cut Nila
Published: June 2020

This study aimed to determine the effect of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) administration on improving semen quality and testosterone levels on Bali cattle. This study used 3 Bali cattle aged 2, 3.5, and 5 years old. The sample used in this study was Bali cattle semen. In this study, the Latin Square Design was used with three different treatments were administered over three time periods. The treatments performed were P1 (5 mL physiological NaCl), P2 (25 mg prostaglandin), and P3 (37.5 mg prostaglandin) while treatment period was three weeks of treatment administration, which were 1st. 2nd, and 3rd week. Blood collected through coccygea vein 30 minutes after treatment to measure testosterone levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Statistical analysis showed that PGF2α administration at a dose of 25 mg and PGF2α at a dose of 37.5 mg had no effect (P0.05) on volume, color, pH, consistency, concentration, and motility of Bali cattle spermatozoa. The volume of semen obtained from P1; P2; and P3 were 6.5±0.9; 6.3±0.6; and 6.2±1.2 mL, respectively. The color of the semen in P1, P2, and P3 were beige and milky white. The pH in groups P1; P2; and P3 were 6.7±0.6; 7.1±0.2; and 6.5±0.2, respectively. Spermatozoa concentration in P1; P2; and P3 were 1,328±96.43 x 106 cells/mL; 1,354±102.19 x 106 cells/mL; and 1,353.3±88.55 x 106 cells/mL, respectively. Spermatozoa motility in P1; P2; and P3 were 73.3±2.8%; 71.6±2.8%; and 73.3±2.8%, respectively. Testosterone levels in P1 and P3 were 5.05±0.22 and 6.74±1.38 ng/mL, respectively (P0.05). Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that the administration of PGF2α does not affect semen quality but can increase the level of testosterone on Bali cattle.
EGG QUALITY OF SELECTED ACEH NATIVE CHICKENS FED ON THE DIETS COMPOSED OF Indigofera sp. MEAL BASED ON FEED FERMENTATION AS PARTLY SUBSTITUTION OF COMMERCIAL DIET
Authors: Yaman Muhammad Aman , Zulfan Zulfan
Published: June 2020

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of  inclusion of  fermented feed consisted  of 15%  Indigofera sp. + 40% rice bran + 25% corn bran + 20% soybean meal as partial substitution of commercial  diet  on the egg quality of  selected Aceh native (SAN) chickens. As many as 48 SAN pullets were used in this study. The study was performed in a completely randomized design, consisted of 4 treatments and 4 replications. Each replication was an experimental unit consisted of three chickens. The results of study indicated that inclusion of up to 15% fermented feed which was composed of 15% Indigofera sp. + 40% rice bran + 25% corn bran + 20% soybean meal as substitution of commercial layer diet significantly (P0.01) improved yolk index without adverse effect on albumen and eggshell quality of  SAN chickens. As conclution, substitution of fermented feed contained 15% indigofera may improve the egg quality of SAN chickens.
POLYCLONAL ANTIBODY UTILIZATION FOR DETECTION OF JEMBRANA ANTIGEN AT BALI CATTLE IN WEST SUMATRA PROVINCE
Authors: Helmi Helmi , Purwati Endang , Rahmadani Ibnu , Subekti Didik Tulus
Published: June 2020

The aims of this study were to detect Jembrana antigen with polyclonal antibody and to describe antigen distribution in the Bali cattle organ that positively infected with Jembrana disease. Spleens, lungs, and livers were harvested from 10 naturally infected Bali cattle whose infection was confirmed through positive Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) result for Jembrana virus. Immunohistochemistry test was performed using polyclonal antibodies produced in rabbits. The results showed that cells infected by Jembrana viruses displayed positive reaction with a reddish brown color. Immunohistochemistry methods using polyclonal antibodies can detect Jembrana antigens in the spleen, liver, and lung with the highest average detection score (P0.05) was found in spleen, followed by liver and lungs. There was significant difference in the distribution of Jembrana antigens between the spleen, liver, and lungs with spleen having the highest antigen density.
THE EFFECT OF UREA SUPLEMENTATION IN MATURATION MEDIA OF BOVINE OOCYTE IN VITRO TOWARDS EXPRESSION OF BAX, BCL-2 AND BAX/BCL-2 RATIO
Authors: Kartikasari Dhesy , Mulyati Sri , Utama Suzanita , Srianto Pudji , Widjiati Widjiati , Plumeriastuti Hani
Published: June 2020

This study aims to evaluate the expression of BAX, BCL-2, and BAX/BCL-2 ratio in maturation media of cow oocytes which supplemented with Urea in vitro because BAX and BCL-2 are the main regulators of apoptosis. A total of 263 oocytes from follicle aspirations originating from ovaries taken from slaughterhouses and were saturated with 3 addition of urea which was divided into three groups. The control group (P0) was control group without the addition of urea, P1 group was added with urea 20 mg/dL, while P2 group was added with urea 40 mg/dL. The results of in vitro oocyte maturation were continued with identification using immunocytochemical staining with the addition of BAX and BCL-2 antibodies. Positive results showed a brownish color on the oocyte and its cumulus. The results of this study indicated that there were significant differences (P0.05) in BAX and BCL-2 expression, although both curves were equally increase. The increase in BCL-2 was more significant than BAX, while the BAX BCL-2 ratio did not show a significant difference (P0.05) in whichthe curve of BAX/BCL-2 ratio was decreased. It can be concluded that the addition of urea does not affect the level of apoptosis.
REPRESENTATION OF ERYTHROCYTES IN PIGLET (Sus scrofa) POST HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK WITH NORMO AND HYPERVOLEMIA RESUSCITATION OF CRYSTALLOID FLUID
Authors: Gunanti Gunanti , Amin Ahmad Arif , Pudjiadi Antonius H. , Hayati Najma
Published: June 2020

The aim of this study is to evaluate the representation of erythrocytes, which is the count of erythrocytes; hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value, and platelet count in piglet (Sus scrofa) after hypovolemic shock with normal and hypervolemia resuscitation of crystalloid fluid. This study uses nine male castrated piglets 6-8 weeks of age. The piglets are given treatments such catheter installation, shock induction, normovolemia resuscitation, and hypervolemia resuscitation. The fluid for resuscitation is crystalloid fluid, NaCl 0.9%. Blood sample is taken in baseline, normovolemia condition, and hypervolemia condition. The sample is analyzed using hematology blood analyzer and is tested using T-Paired. Total erythrocytes count after normovolemia resuscitation is 3.07x106/µL, while after hypervolemia resuscitation the erythrocytes count decrease until 2.86x106/µL. Hemoglobin concentration after normovolemia resuscitation is 9.4 g/dL, while after hypervolemia resuscitation hemoglobin concentration decreases to 8.64 g/dL. Hematocrit count from piglets after normovolemia resuscitation is 28 %, while it decreases after hypervolemia resuscitation to 25.89%. Platelet count after normovolemia resuscitation is 297.22x103/mm3 and decreases to 263.89x103/mm3 after hypervolemia resuscitation. Evaluation of the erythrocytes index shows that the piglets suffer anemia. Hypovolemic shock and normal, and hypervolemia resuscitation cause the significant decreases in all erythrocytes indexes except the platelet count.
The Effect of Caffeine Treatment during Organogenesis Period on the Birth Weight of the Rat Fetuses (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Wijayanto Hery , Pangestiningsih Tri Wahyu , Rahmi Erdiansyah
Published: June 2020

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of caffeine treatment during organogenesis period to the fetal birth weight, using rat (Rattus norvegicus) as the animal model. Thirty-six primipararat obtained from Unit Pengembangan Hewan Percobaan, Gadjah Mada University (UPHP-GMU), 3 month old, 165-200 g body weight, were divided into 6 groups, consisted of 6 rats each. Six of the ratshave been selected based on the estrous cycles, and only rat with regular estrous were use for theexperiment. The rat then were mated, and during day 6-14 of the pregnancies were treated orally withcaffeine diluted in aquadest in dosage: placebo (1 cc aquadest) for group I (control), and 5.4, 10.8, 16.2,21.6, and 27 g/200 g body weight/day for treatment groups II-VI respectively. The pregnant rat bodyweights were determined at day 6 of pregnancies for calculating the caffeine treatment dosages. At day 20thof the pregnancies all of the pregnant rats were caesarotomized, and all of the fetuses were removed and weighed. The results showed that all of the treatment groups have significantly lower birth weightcompare to the groups control group. More over, fetal obtained from the treatment groups also showedserious subcutaneous hemorrhagic.Keywords: organogenesis, Rattus norvegicus, birth weight
Study on Avi-fauna Diversity in Mangrove Area in Aceh Besar Post Tsunami 2004
Authors: R Ruskhanidar , Hambal Muhammad
Published: June 2020

The research was conducted after tsunami destroyed mangrove in Aceh Besar coastal area, whichserves as waterfowl habitat. This study was aimed to find out bird diversity and abundant after tsunamidisaster. The study was conducted in Kecamatan Mesjid Raya, Aceh Besar, focusing on bird biodiversityand its number based on habitat type, using count dot survey technique. The study revealed that as manyas eight waterfowl species from four families were found. The variety of bird species in the researchlocation was low, ie; 1.2196 for fish pond, 1.7257 for muddy land, and 1.2528 for vegetation area. The lowlevel of biodiversity indicated fragmented habitat in the mangrove area.Keywords: mangrove conservation, bird biodiversity index, bird conservation
THE DYNAMICS OF ANTIGEN SPECIFIC PROLIFERATIVE RESPONSES OF LYMPHOCYTES AT EARLY STAGES OF BOVINE PARATUBERCULOSIS INFECTION
Authors: Ferasyi T. Reza , Koets A. P. , Stegeman J. A. , Kruitwagen C. L.J.J.
Published: June 2020

The present study was aimed to quantify the dynamics of early antigen specific proliferative responses of lymphocytes to (protein) antigens associated with experimentalMycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Mp) infection cattle. The data were collected from20 experimentally infected calves, and 10 uninfected control animals, during the first 2 years oftheir lives. Several purified protein derivative antigens (Ppdp, Ppda, and Ppdb), tworecombinant Mp heatshock proteins (Hsp65 and Hsp70) and whole bacteria (sonicated Mpstrain 316F) were used to measure lymphocyte proliferation in a lymphocyte proliferationassay. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed effect (LME) model. The results showedsignificant group and timed effects for all antigens tested. At several time points, the responsesin the infected group were found significantly higher as compared to control group. The Ppdantigens induced similar lymphocyte proliferation patterns, as compared to whole bacteriaantigen and Hsp70. These results indicated that the antigen specific proliferative responses oflymphocytes differs for different antigens, probably related to differences in their availabilityduring different stages of infection. The application of LME model is a useful tool for analyzingthe quantitative longitudinal datasets. Keywords: dynamics, Mp, antigen, LME
Characterization of Pregnancy Specific Protein B (PSPB) from Placenta Foetalis (Cotyledon) Friesian Holstein Cows
Authors: Samik Abdul
Published: June 2020

This research was aimed to find out a substance that was useful in early pregnancy diagnosis of Friesian Holstein cows. Pregnancy Specific Protein B (PSPB) was isolated, purified and partially characterized from cotyledon Friesian Holstein cows. Characterization of PSPB protein was conducted using SDS-PAGE and Western Blot. Antisera were developed against PSPB and by immunohistochemical techniques the protein was localized to the binucleated cells of the cotyledon. The estimated molecular size of Friesian Holstein cows PSPB was 59.88 kDa with the concentration of PSPB protein in cotyledon was 6480 ng/ml. PSPB protein could induce anti-PSPB antibody with the value of optical density (OD) were 0.179±0.0102 (before immunization); 1.466±0.3288 (3rd week after immunization); 1.936±0.4754 (1st week after booster;) and 2.256±0.4842 (2nd week after booster).
Cytoskeleton of Bovine Oocytes after Vitrification Using Ethylene Glycol Cryoprotectant
Authors: Wahjuningsih Sri
Published: June 2020

The objective of this research is to know the influence of vitrification method toward thecondition of bovine oocytes cytoskeleton based on microtubules using the immunohistochemistrytechnique. Oocytes classified in two treatments such as fresh oocytes (control) and oocytes withvitrification treatments of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% of ethylene glycol (EG). Data were analyzed bydescriptive analyzing. The results of this research indicated that vitrification treatments were affected tomicrotubules organization of oocytes. Concentration of EG 10, 20, 40, and 50% of EG could not repaircytoskeleton after vitrification, but cytoskeleton structure could be protected by EG 30%.
The Initial Antibacterial Activity Tests of Pliek U Oil and Pliek U: an Acehnese Traditional Food
Authors: Nurliana Nurliana , Sudarwanto Mirnawati , I. Sudirman Lisdar , Sanjaya A. W.
Published: June 2020

This initial research was intended to detect antibacterial activity of pliek u oil and pliek u. Pliek u oil consist of minyeuk simplah (MS) and minyeuk brok (MB), Pliek u consist of two kinds of solid waste namely wet pliek u (Ap1) and dry pliek u (Ap2). Pliek u was methanol extracted at concentration 10% (w/v). Pliek u oil and methanol extract of pliek u were evaluated for their antibacterial activity, against Bacillus subtilis and four strains of Enterophatogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) employing agar disc diffusion method. No antibacterial activity was shown by MS. The MB exhibited a little effect 1-2 mm against bacterial tests. The results demonstrated that the higher antibacterial activity was shown by dry pliek u compare with wet pliek u with the inhibition zones from 6.67-10.33 mm and 6.00-7.33 mm respectively.
Development of Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone Cells of Adenohypophysis–Adrenal Cortex Axis of Long-tailed Monkey (Macaca fascicularis) during Pre and Postnatal Period
Authors: Nurhidayat Nurhidayat , Syarifah Ika K. , Supratikno Supratikno , Wahyuni Sri
Published: June 2020

The objective of this study is to observe the relationship of development of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) cells of adenohypophysis–adrenal cortex axis during pre and postnatal period of longtailed monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Five fetuses aged 70, 85, 100, 120, and 150 days of gestation and 2new born aged 10 and 105 days old were used as research materials. The sections of the pituitary gland stained immunohistochemically using human ACTH antiserum and the adrenal glands stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin procedures. At the fetus 120 days old, the ACTH cells and blood vessel of fetaladenohypophysis developed well and its similar that found in older age. This condition suggested distributing the ACTH to whole body optimally. At the same time, the adrenal cortex cells of fetus 120 days old were active in proliferation and differentiation processes to form transition zone that lies between definitive and fetal zones, and central vein also developed in adrenal gland. In fetus aged 150 days, the cortex adrenal structure was similar with found in older fetus. The adenohypophysis ACTH cells developed earlier than adrenal cortex and their secretion suggested influencing the development of adrenal cortex cells of long-tailed monkey.
Morphological Study of the Oesophagus and Stomach of the Cave Swiflets (Collocalia linchi)
Authors: Novelina Savitri , E Evalina , Satyaningtijas Aryani S , Agungpriyono Srihadi , Setijanto Heru
Published: June 2020

This study was conducted with aim to tend out morphology of oesophagus and stomach of the cave swiflets (Collocalia linchi) at macroscopic and microscopic levels.  The data revealed that esophagus was 2.93 cm in length and possessed no crop.  The stomach was small and the isthmus was not clear. Mucosa of the esophagus was lined by stratified squoamus epithelium. Esophageal gland was mucous type. The glands were well developed and distributed along the esophagus. The external muscle layer consisted of inner circular and outer longitudinal layers.  The stomach could be distinguished into proventriculus and ventriculus with no clear isthmus between them. The mucosa of proventriculus was lined by single columnar epithelium. The ventricular gland area was divided into cardiac, fundic  and pyloric gland areas. The surface of ventriculus was lined with cuticula. In general the esophagus and stomach of the cave swiftlets were simple with no crop in the esophagus and isthmus in the stomach. These might be related with the kind of food and feeding behavior of this species.
MORFOLOGI KELENJAR LUDAH KAMBING, KUCING DAN BABI: DENGAN TINJAUAN KHUSUS PADA DISTRIBUSI DAN KANDUNGAN KARBOHIDRAT (The Morphology of Salivary Glands of Goat, Cat, and Pig: With Special Reference to The Distribution and Carbohydrate Content)
Authors: Adnyane I Ketut Mudite
Published: June 2020

This research aimed to compare the morphology and carbohydrate content of parotid andmandibular glands of goat, cat and pig (herbivore, carnivore and omnivore). The microscopic observationwas done using histochemical method with hematoksilin eosin (HE), alcian blue (AB) pH 2.5 andperiodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining methods.The results showed that the parotid and mandibular glandsconsist of acinar cells and ducts. The parotid gland of goat and pig were serous while mixed in the cat.The mandibular gland of goat, cat and pig were mixed type. The acinar of mandibular gland is composedof serous and mucous cells in which the mucous cell predominates. The AB and PAS stain showed weakto high concentration of acid and neutral carbohydrates found in the mucous cells of mandibular gland.However, these carbohydrates were not found in the serous cells of both glands, while acid carbohydratewas found in the parotid gland of cat. The present result suggested that the carbohydrates in the salivaof the goat, cat and pig might be produced mainly by the mucous cells.Keywords: parotid gland, mandibular gland, PAS, AB pH 2.5
MORFOLOGI DAN HISTOKIMIA KELENJAR MANDIBULARIS WALET LINCHI (Collocalia linchi) SELAMA SATU MUSIM BERBIAK DAN BERSARANG (Morphological and Histochemical Properties of Mandibular Glands of the Cave Swiflets (Collocalia linchi) During Reproductive and Nesting Period)
Authors: Novelina Savitri
Published: June 2020

The aimed of present study is to investigate the morphological and histochemical of mandibular glands of the cave swiflet (Collocalia linchi). The study used 24 adult wallet linchii paired mandibular gland located in the ventral of the mandible. They were ovoid in form and whitish in color. The gland consisted of mucous acinar cells and waspositive with PAS but negative with AB (pH 2,5). The result suggested that the acinar cells of the mandibular gland contained only neutral mucopolysaccharides and no acid mucopolysaccharides. Staining with 7 biotinylated lectins, Con-A, DBA, WGA, RCA, PNA, SBA, and UEA which represent carbohydrates with galactosa-, Nacetylgalactosamine,sialic acid, 2-5 N-acetylglucosamine, á-D- mannose, showed various positive reaction in the secretion of the acinar cells depends on the type of lectin and sampling period. The result suggested possiblecorrelation between receptor gonadal hormone with the activity of reproductive and nesting period of walet linchi.Keywords: lectin, Collocalia linchi,salivary gland.
Antimicrobial Activity and LC Determination of Ethanol Crude Extract of 50 Pliek U, an Achehnese Traditional Fermented Food
Authors: Nurliana Nurliana , Sudarwanto Mirnawati , Sudirman Lisdar I. , W. Sanjaya Angelina
Published: June 2020

Antimicrobial activity of pliek u crude extracts was evaluated against five bacterial species (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa,)and one fungal species (Candida albicans). Pliek u has been consumed as spices and hot sauce and poultry feed. These foods were collected from household industry at Reudep village in Aceh Besar, Province of Aceh. The ethanol extract of pliek u were obtained by standard method. The antimicrobial activity was detected using paper disc method. The concentration of ethanol crude extract of pliek u (EEP) was determined with the dilution method. The lethality initial test has been detected by using Artemia salina L. bioassay to determine the toxic concentration based on the LC value of EEP. The ethanol crude extract (EEP) was active against all microbial strains. EEP showed 50 antimicrobial activity at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and a minimum microbicidal concentration (MMC) at 2.5-10 mg/ml and 10-20 mg/ml, respectively. The lethality concentration EEP gave the LC value of 3.36 50 mg/ml. It was concluded that ethanol crude extract (EEP) shows significant antimicrobial activity and it is not toxic.
The Efficacy of Seminal Vesicles Extract Administration on Percentage of Estrus and Pregnancy on Local Goat
Authors: S Syafruddin , Siregar Tongku Nizwan , H Herrialfian , Armansyah T , Sayuti Arman , R Roslizawaty
Published: June 2020

The aim of this research was to determine the percentage of estrus, performance of estrus, and percentage of pregnancy in local goat which synchronized with seminal vesicles extract. The seminal vesicles used in this research were collected from the waste of Banda Aceh slaughter house. The goats were allotted into 2 groups. Goats in group were injected with 0.5 ml PGF2á intramuscularly, and goats in group II were injected with 5 ml seminal vesicles extract intrauterine. The injection was done twice with the interval of 11 days. The goats which perform estrus sign are mated naturally once in every observation. Pregnancy diagnosing was done using chemical urine method 2 months after mating. The estrus  percentage  and  pregnancy data were analyzed with chi-square  and  the estrus  performance (onset  and  estrus duration) were analyzed  using  student T test. The estrus onset of group I and II were 29.33±4.62 and 24.00±0.00 hours (P0.05). Estrus duration of group I and II were 26.67+4.62 and 20.00+11.97 hours respectively (P0.05). The  estrus percentage  of  group  I and  II did not  show  any significant differences (P0.05), those are 60.0 and 40.0%  respectively,  whereas   the percentage of estrus  from  both  groups were 100.0 %.