bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A quick primer on Motivating Language Ability: a critical component of Motivating Language Theory
Authors: Holmes William T.
Published: May 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this conceptual paper is to engage the field of leaders, practitioners, organizational trainers, and scholars into the idea that leader talk and the implementation of Motivating Language Theory takes ability. It takes thought and intentionality. It goes beyond just the use of the three leadership languages known as the Motivating Language Constructs that are so often written about in Motivating Language Theory research as “Motivating Language” when indeed they are not.

Design/methodology/approach

The conceptual approach behind this quick primer is to take previous research in Motivating Language Theory and refine and expand the work centered around Motivating Language Ability in order to bring greater attention and focus to Motivating Language and the necessary skills leaders need to bring it about.

Findings

The findings of this conceptual paper explicitly highlight levels of leader talk and Motivating Language usage and provides ideas and strategies for the implementation of Motivating Language Ability.

Research limitations/implications

The research implication of this conceptual paper is to assist scholars in clarifying their use of Motivating Language in research as there are times when researchers will identify Motivating Language in their research but not have Motivating Language as a significant variable.

Practical implications

The practical implication of this conceptual paper is to provide guidance and information to practitioners in the field on content that is critical for leader and organizational development.

Originality/value

The value of this conceptual paper is that it builds off of research already published and adds additional clarification and emphasis to an understudied and discussed element of Motivating Language Theory and leader talk in general.
Innovations and service firms’ performance: a firm-level mediating and moderating effects analysis for India
Authors: Islam Mohammad Monirul
Published: May 2022

Purpose

This study aims to identify the effects of innovation types on the service firm’s financial and nonfinancial performance as well as mediation and moderation effects of innovation and the firms’ performance linkages in the Indian service sector.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses combined data from the World Bank innovation survey 2014 and World Bank enterprise survey (WBES) 2014 for India. It classified innovations into technological innovation (service and process) and nontechnological innovation (organizational and marketing) and used financial and nonfinancial performance measures. This study applies variance-based partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using Smart PLS 3 software.

Findings

The study results suggest that service innovation has the highest significant effect on a firm’s financial and nonfinancial performance, followed by process innovation. Marketing and organizational innovation have a long route to contribute to a firm’s financial performance via innovative and nonfinancial performance. The study results do not find any synergy effects of innovation types. Multi-group analysis (MGA) results suggest several significant distinctions in the path relationships between small and medium-sizes and large firms.

Originality/value

This study provides several crucial policy suggestions for the managers and policymakers concerning the effects of service and process innovation on service firms’ performance in India and the mediating factors of these relationships. The study suggests that managers should pay the highest importance to service innovation to swiftly and markedly surge service firms’ financial and nonfinancial performances. In contrast, a service firm’s innovative performance mainly results from its organizational and marketing innovations.
Comparing regions globally: impacts of COVID-19 on supply chains – a Delphi study
Authors: Seuring Stefan , Brandenburg Marcus , Sauer Philipp C. , Schünemann Daphna-Sophie , Warasthe Ronakeh , Aman Sadaf , Qian Chen , Petljak Kristina , Neutzling Daiane Mülling , Land Anna , Khalid Raja Usman
Published: May 2022

Purpose

The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged supply chains (SCs) around the globe unprecedentedly. This study aims to gain insights on the impacts of the pandemic on SCs and their management under consideration of different regional contexts on a global scale.

Design/methodology/approach

A Delphi study collects the expertise of global SC academics on the SC vulnerabilities and the measures for responding to disruptions, improving resilience, and restoring operations. Data from three polls are systematically analyzed by content, frequency, and cluster analysis.

Findings

The study identifies and ranks ten major issues related to SC vulnerabilities and management strategies for specific SC processes and geographical regions. Detected differences among the considered geographical regions point towards particular challenges and call for specific measures to integrate regional contingencies into SC management. In a regional comparison, China and Iran as well as Africa clearly stand out, but also Europe/North America, India/Pakistan, and Brazil show geographical particularities.

Research limitations/implications

The responses are collected against the COVID-19 pandemic, while the findings show differences among the regions thereby arguing for taking regional contingencies into account in managing SCs.

Practical implications

SC resilience is a core aim, which was emphasized by the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings provide insights and challenges that managers would have to meet in the different regions covered.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to existing knowledge on SC risks and SC resilience in context to extreme situations. Given that events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, will become more frequent in the future due to climate change and geopolitical tensions, insights into how to manage SCs under extreme conditions and into regional differences are crucial.
After-sales service shaping assortment satisfaction and online repatronage intention in the backdrop of social influence
Authors: Verma Pranay
Published: May 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to analyze online repatronage intention (ORI) in the context of after-sales service (ASS) and assortment satisfaction (AS) for professional services. This study also aims to study the influence of ASS upon AS. Additionally, the role of social influence (SI) in influencing these two and other dependent variables is examined. Finally, the effect of moderation on these hypothesized relationships by four dichotomous variables is also investigated.

Design/methodology/approach

A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 458 customers, who had a recent experience of ASS with their respective professional service providers, through purposive sampling method.

Findings

This empirical study establishes that ASS is an antecedent to AS and ORI. The finding of this empirical study also confirms that AS has a direct positive influence on ORI and customer loyalty. This implies that satisfied customers are more likely to repatronage the professional service and would be loyal to such professional service providers. The findings also reveal that all constructs are influenced by SI. Civil status, gender, city type (metro/non metro) and income status moderate a few of the hypothesized relationships, with city type having the maximum effect.

Originality/value

To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study on online purchase of professional services which proves that ASS influences AS. Given the growth of online professional services, this study provides scholars and practitioners with suggestions and recommendations on how ASS and AS can be used to build ORI and a loyalty base. This study fills the void in extant literature by examining the interrelationships between ASS, assortment satisfaction, ORI and customer loyalty.
Sustainable businesses development in post-conflict zones: a case in rural Colombia
Authors: Lopez Barrera Emiliano , Peña-Lévano Luis , Lowenberg-DeBoer James , Fontanilla-Díaz Carlos , Mosquera-Montoya Mauricio
Published: May 2022

Purpose

Farmers in Colombia have faced economic instability due to a long-lasting armed conflict. An attempt to support the rural community has been through the creation of productive alliances – a strategic association between small-scale producers and anchor companies with the assistance of the private and public sectors. By closely examining the Association of Guarupay Palm Growers (ASOPAY)'s financial cash flows, this study investigates the challenges faced by small-scale agribusinesses in an emerging economy.

Design/methodology/approach

This study addresses the situation of ASOPAY, an oil palm productive alliance formed by families displaced by the Colombian armed conflict and relocated in the eastern foothills of the Andes Mountains. By closely examining ASOPAY's financial flows, the article sheds light on the economic incentives enhancing the cohesion of the small-farmers’ association.

Findings

A key finding is the critical role played by institutional efforts focused by promoting policies to enhance producers income. In addition, technological transfers made through technical assistance programs may improve the association's profitability by enhancing agronomic practices, while decreasing palm mortality and disease incidence.

Research limitations/implications

The relatively small sample used in the study might rise concerns regarding the generalization of the outcomes. However, the authors implemented strategies to overcome these limitations by incorporating the inputs from experts on the oil palm supply chain in Colombia and from experts in rural development.

Originality/value

To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the financial success of small farmers in post-conflict zones.
Archaeological site management and the legislation challenge in Vietnam: a case study of Vuon Chuoi
Authors: Nguyen Ky Nam , Phan Quang Anh , Nguyen Ngoc Minh
Published: May 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the management status quo of archaeological heritage in Vietnam seen in the case of Vuon Chuoi, a complex of Bronze Age sites located in Central Hanoi, which has been believed to be Hanoi’s first human settlement. Like other archaeological sites located in urban areas, this site has been under threat of destruction caused by land encroachment pressure. Although researchers have long waged a campaign for preservation, the dissensus among key stakeholders and the dispute over responsibility have left this site at the heart of an interminable polemic over legislation.

Design/methodology/approach

This research utilises a qualitative approach, and the primary data were collected throughout multiple field trips in 2019 and 2020. Several open-ended interviews were conducted with various state and nonstate actors involved in the Vuon Chuoi Complex’s management process. The discussion was also supported by analysing related legal documents retrieved from national archives and official online directories.

Findings

This paper dissects the current legislative and administrative framework applied in governing heritage in general and archaeological sites in Vietnam, in particular. The results indicate that existing flaws in Vietnam’s legal system are detectable, and the unsystematic organisation has led to deferment of the decision-making processes. Also, there is an apparent difference found in the attitude of the bodies in charge toward the treatment of listed and unlisted sites.

Originality/value

This research outlines that in the wake of urbanisation and industrialisation in Vietnam, a consensus among key stakeholders and an inclusive legal system are required to help preserve archaeological sites in urgent need of attention. Although several Vietnamese laws and regulations have been put into practice, they have shown critical barriers and gaps in conserving Vietnamese cultural heritage.
Exploring the relationship between uniform and perceived employee happiness and productivity
Authors: Moody Louise
Published: May 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to contribute to understanding of employee's relationships with their uniforms and the perceived impact on their experiences at work. An improved understanding of this relationship may provide benefits for both the employee and the organisation. Recognising an ageing workforce and increasing female representation, differences based on gender and age are of interest.

Design/methodology/approach

The study aimed to explore employee views and perceptions of uniform design and potential links to their happiness and productivity at work. An online survey was developed and completed by 2,560 uniform wearers. The data were analysed through descriptive and inferential statistics. Exploratory factor analysis uncovered latent variables from among the large number of survey items. A two-way factorial ANOVA compared perceptions based on gender and age.

Findings

The results suggest participants feel that their uniform has an impact on their happiness and behaviour at work. Differences in responses to their uniform were found based on gender and age. The survey tool enabled consideration of employee views and exploratory factor analysis identified five constructs of uniform design priorities: positive feelings, experience at work, suitability and practicality, tailored to the individual, visibility and brand.

Originality/value

This research is believed to be the first survey exploring the views of UK-based uniform wearers. Key elements of uniform design have been prioritised from the employee perspective to offer an emerging model to understand employee perceptions of uniform design. These findings inform uniform manufacturers and employers in designing and developing uniform to address the needs of employees.
Marketing and operational strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study of a Hong Kong footwear enterprise
Authors: Chan Hau-Ling , Kwok Yiu-Keung , Wong Shun-Mun
Published: May 2022

Purpose

This study aims to examine the research trends in fashion industry during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Besides, it also provides an overview on the new marketing and operational strategies, and reveals the corresponding business challenges of a footwear enterprise in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach

A comprehensive literature review is first conducted to identify the research trends in fashion industry during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative exploratory case study is then used to illustrate how a footwear enterprise has coped with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Findings

The case study has showed that omni-channel retailing, collaboration with e-tailers, quick response system and mixed production strategy are adopted in the targeted case during the COVID-19 pandemic. Besides, the targeted case has also faced the challenges in the areas of sales, customer relationship management, and demand forecasting and inventory planning during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Originality/value

This study provides managerial insights on the real practices used to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic and proposes various academic future research directions in fashion industry based on the real-world observations.
Multidimensional value of customers' mobile service experiences in the food service context
Authors: Kwon Jookyung , Yu Hoyeol , Ahn Jiseon
Published: May 2022

Purpose

Despite the importance of mobile experiences in the food service industry, extant studies do not empirically examine customers' behavior. Thus, the authors examine this issue by using utility theory to understand the role of multidimensional customers' perceived value in the formation of a positive attitude.

Design/methodology/approach

Customers' perceived service, process, and relationship values are hypothesized to affect satisfaction, which in turn affects attitudinal loyalty to food delivery applications. Also, the authors explore whether attitudinal loyalty influences customers' behavioral loyalty. Hypotheses are examined using data from US customers of food delivery applications. Partial least squared structural equation modeling is used.

Findings

Results show that customers' perceived service, process, and relationship valuation of mobile experiences influence satisfaction, whereas only the process value influences satisfaction and attitudinal loyalty. Moreover, customers' behavioral loyalty is positively affected by satisfaction and attitudinal loyalty.

Research limitations/implications

Service, process, and relationship values have been shown as an important indicator of customers' positive attitude toward food delivery service providers. Thus, this study provides a better understanding of the relationship between customers' mobile service experience and their behavior will allow service providers to design better mobile services.

Originality/value

The study extends utility theory to mobile the food delivery context. Specifically, this research demonstrates why and how customers decide to use mobile food delivery application.
Trauma-informed training and education for professionals in Australia: a scoping review
Authors: McNaughton Kimie Maree , Isobel Sophie , Phelan Liam , Quilty Emma
Published: May 2022

Purpose

Trauma-informed care and practice (TICP) has gained international attention since the mid-1990s, but its recent adoption in Australia has been met with various barriers, including a lack of training and education opportunities to enhance professional knowledge and practice. This paper aims to identify and further understand what is occurring in TICP training and education for health and human service professionals in Australia; specifically, what is known about TICP content and training strategies being used.

Design/methodology/approach

A scoping methodology was used to undertake a systematic search of the literature to identify and map the scope and nature of research activity on TICP training and education for professionals in Australia. Based on the predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, removal of duplications, abstract review and full-text screening, six studies met the inclusion criteria for content analysis in this review.

Findings

The studies showed that TICP training and education was occurring predominantly in the Australian health sector for nursing professionals and improved knowledge, confidence to respond to disclosures of trauma and approaches to care. Training was commonly delivered through one-day workshops and brief Web-based approaches. The findings suggested that there is a need for consensus on TICP content to ensure that fidelity to the principles of TICP is promoted in unique workplace settings and for ongoing commitment by relevant stakeholders and funding bodies.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first review exploring what is happening across disciplines and sectors for trauma-informed education. The findings have implications for clinicians, professionals, educators and researchers.
Perceived competence overrides gender bias: gender roles, affective trust and leader effectiveness
Authors: Hu Lingyan , Jiang Ning , Huang He , Liu Yan
Published: May 2022

Purpose

Despite abundant research on the negative effect of gender stereotypes on female leaders, it remains unclear whether leader competence perceived by the subordinates could overcome this backlash effect. Drawing on expectation states theory and expectancy violation theory, the authors investigate how the interaction among leaders' gender roles, leader sex and subordinates' perceived leader competence influences leader effectiveness through subordinates' affective trust.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected through two-wave surveys among 489 participants from various sectors in different parts of China. SPSS and Hayes PROCESS were used to test the hypotheses.

Findings

High competence perceived by the subordinates helps female leaders to overturn the negative effect of masculinity and strengthen the positive effect of femininity, whereas this positive moderation does not hold for male leaders.

Originality/value

This study addresses the ongoing debate about “female advantage” in leadership by showing that female leaders benefit from high perceived competence and are penalized by low perceived competence to a greater extent than male leaders in terms of leader effectiveness.
A relational identification perspective on why and when servant leadership foster employees' extra-role customer service
Authors: Cai Di , Wang Haiyue , Yao Li , Li Mingyu , Men Chenghao
Published: May 2022

Purpose

Customer service is crucial for organizations' survival and competitiveness in the hospitality industry. The purpose of this study is to examine how and when servant leadership affects extra-role customer service.

Design/methodology/approach

The hypotheses were tested with a sample of 302 employees from a passenger transport company in China.

Findings

Results demonstrate that servant leadership was positively related to extra-role customer service and that this relation was mediated by relational identification. In addition, the mediating effect of relational identification in the relation between servant leadership and extra-role customer service was contingent on prosocial motivation.

Originality/value

The study is the first to explore the relation between servant leadership and extra-role customer service from the perspective of relational identification and the moderating role of prosocial motivation.
Proactive behaviors and the micro-foundations of strategy: exploring employees’ strategic voice
Authors: Bizzi Lorenzo , Evans Brent
Published: May 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to build a new bridge between the literature in organizational behavior and the micro-foundations of strategy. The authors elaborate the concept of strategic voice, studying the extent to which employees express their strategic recommendations.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors gathered data from employees and supervisors of three distinct organizations, measuring determinants and outcomes of strategic voice, as compared to promotive voice.

Findings

Strategic voice is empirically distinct from promotive voice and predicted by opportunity/threat recognition, perceived organizational support and strategic voice opportunity. It has, surprisingly, either positive or negative effects on performance, through the mediation of supervisors' perceptions of strategic voice and the moderation of employee satisfaction with pay and career.

Research limitations/implications

Unlike traditionally assumed by strategy research, employees at any level engage in strategic voice with considerable frequency. Yet, paradoxically, under certain conditions, strategic voice could harm individual performance, although potentially benefiting organizations. Managers could either value employees' strategic voice or perceive it negatively, raising the salience to fully comprehend this behavior.

Practical implications

Organizations should embrace practices that encourage employees to express their strategic opinions, give them access to resources to properly form their strategic opinions and ensure management considers employees' recommendations.

Originality/value

While scholars in the micro-foundations of strategy have theorized that strategy can emerge from the contribution of individuals, there has been no evidence, to date, on how each employee can contribute to strategy formulation. This paper is original as it fills this gap.
Environmental performance and cost of finance: evidence from emerging markets
Authors: Temiz Hüseyin
Published: May 2022

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the effects of environmental performance (EP) of firms and its pillars on both cost of debt and equity (COF) in emerging market context.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses 4,152 firm-year observations covering the years 2015–2019 from 17 emerging market countries. Data are obtained from ASSET4 and Datastream databases. OLS method with country, industry and year fixed effects are utilized in the main analysis of the study. Several robustness tests including 2SLS IV method are performed to test the sensitivity of the results.

Findings

The results suggest that aggregate EP of firms has reducing effects on both cost of debt and equity. All EP pillars have negative effects on the cost of debt while only emission performance has negative significant impact on cost of equity. This reveals that the effects of EP on cost of equity is mostly driven by emission performance of firms.

Practical implications

Given differences between emerging and developed countries in terms of environmental regulations, infrastructure and technology, it is suggested that regulatory bodies and governments urge firms to implement environmentally friendly policies. Besides, implications for emerging markets for capturing more shares from responsible investments are provided.

Social implications

Although the adoption and implementation of environmentally-friendly policies are costly, improved environmental performance has financial advantages, including lower COF for firms. Therefore, firms would benefit from improving their EP in order to protect the nature, as well as to enjoy the economic benefits of better EP.

Originality/value

This study confirms that improved environmental performance has financial advantages for firms in emerging markets, such as lower COF.
The impact of business analytics capabilities on innovation, information quality, agility and firm performance: the moderating role of industry dynamism
Authors: Khan Adeyl , Talukder Md. Shamim , Islam Quazi Tafsirul , Islam A.K.M. Najmul
Published: May 2022

Purpose

As businesses keep investing substantial resources in developing business analytics (BA) capabilities, it is unclear how the performance improvement transpires as BA affects performance in many different ways. This paper aims to analyze how BA capabilities affect firms’ agility through resources like information quality and innovative capacity considering industry dynamism and the resulting impact on firm performance.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper tested the research hypothesis using primary data collected from 192 companies operating in Bangladesh. The data were analyzed using partial least squares-based structural equation modeling.

Findings

The results indicate that BA capabilities improve business resources like information quality and innovative capacity, which, in turn, significantly impact a firm’s agility. This paper also found out that industry dynamism moderates the firms’ agility and, ultimately, firms’ performance.

Practical implications

The contribution of this work provides insight regarding the role of business analytics capabilities in increasing organizational agility and performance under the moderating effects of industry dynamism.

Originality/value

The present research is to the best of the authors’ knowledge among the first studies considering a firm’s agility to explore the impact of BA on a firm’s performance in a dynamic environment. While previous researchers discussed resources like information quality and innovative capability, current research theoretically argues that these items are a leveraging point in a BA context to increase firm agility.
Lithopedion as a factor in post‐traumatic intestinal perforation
Authors: Gaye Abdou Magib , Thiam Ibou , Deguenonvo Gabriel Nougnignon Comlan , Guèye Mamour , Sarr Ibrahima Sitor Souleymane , Dial Cherif Mouhamed Moustapha
Published: May 2022

Lithopedion is a rare condition secondary to retention and calcification of an unrecognized intra‐abdominal (usually ectopic) pregnancy after a fetal death, which occurred after three months of gestation. It accounts for 1.5%–2% of cases of ectopic pregnancy. We report the case of a 72‐year‐old nulligravida woman who died about 72 h after being kicked in the abdomen during a fight. At autopsy, an intra‐abdominal calcified fetus, acute generalized peritonitis, and ileal perforation were observed. The estimated gestational age of the fetus was 37 weeks (based on femur length) and the lithopedion had a weight of 750 g and a size of 15 × 12 × 9 cm. The age of menopause and the duration of retention are not known. This is the first case of this entity identified in Senegal.
Prospective, multicentre observational study of point‐of‐care ultrasound practice in emergency departments across Australia and New Zealand: The POCUS‐ED Registry
Authors: Partyka Christopher , Flannagan Scott , Carbonatto Genevieve , Buttfield Alexander , Watkins Stuart , Bomann Scott , Alkhouri Hatem , Middleton Paul M ,   the POCUS‐ED Registry Group
Published: May 2022

Objectives

The present study aimed to describe the characteristics, performance, accuracy and significance of point‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) use in the ED, by utilising an expanded version of the ACEM‐mandated special skills placement (SSP) logbook, to develop a novel clinical quality registry.

Methods

A prospective, observational study was performed across EDs in Australia and New Zealand over a 12‐month period. Trainees undertaking ACEM‐approved ultrasound (US) SSPs recorded all US scan interpretations and follow‐up imaging reports in an online database.

Results

In total, 2647 USs were recorded by 26 special skills trainees across 10 EDs in Australia or New Zealand; of these 2356 scans (89%) were clinically indicated. Overall, 2493 scans (94%) were used for diagnostic assessment, of which 1147 (43%) had abnormal findings. Basic echocardiography, extended Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma and right upper quadrant scans were the most commonly used modalities. There were 134 US‐guided procedures logged in the registry. Approximately 36% of scans were reported to alter the original provisional diagnosis, whereas in another 37% of cases, POCUS was thought to confirm the original clinical suspicion. The majority of scans (76.5%) entered into the registry were physically reviewed by the SSP supervisor.

Conclusions

This multicentred registry provides a detailed description of the current utilisation of POCUS within special skills US placements across EDs in Australia and New Zealand. This data should inform clinical leaders in emergency US to improve both POCUS education and governance around this important tool.
Screening of behavioral disorders in children with hemophilia
Authors: Elsakka Elham E. , Azouz Hanan G. , Hassab Hoda A. , Abdelfattah Mohammed E. , Abdel Ghany Hayam M.
Published: May 2022

Aim

To screen types of behavioral problems among children with hemophilia and their relation to the disease parameters.

Methods

Fifty boys, 6‐18 years old, with moderate and sever hemophilia were subjected to: history taking, joint evaluation using the Hemophilia Joint Health Score, and behavioral assessment using the Child Behavioral Check List.

Results

Patients experienced different patterns of behavior disorder. Patients' age significantly correlated with anxious/depressed behavior, somatic complaints, social problems, aggressive behavior, internalizing behavior, and total behavior problems. Hemophilia severity significantly correlated with social problems, thought problems, aggressive behavior, internalizing behavior, externalizing behavior, and total behavior disorders. Affected joint number significantly correlated with withdrawn/depressed behavior, social problems, thought problems, aggressive behavior, internalizing behavior, and total behavior disorders. A high Hemophilia Joint Health Score of the target joints was significantly correlated with social problems, rule‐breaking behavior, aggressive behavior, externalizing behavior, and total behavior disorders. Hemophilic arthropathy duration significantly correlated with somatic complaints, social problems, thought problems, attention problems, aggressive behavior, internalizing behavior, externalizing behavior, and total behavior problems.

Conclusion

Children with hemophilia had behavioral disorders. The most affected scale was aggressive behavior. The least affected scale was attention problems. Behavioral disorders in children with hemophilia are influenced by the age of the patient, the severity of the disease, the number of joints affected, the duration of hemophilic arthropathy, and the score of joint affected by Hemophilia Joint Health Score.
forceX and forceR: A mobile setup and r package to measure and analyse a wide range of animal closing forces
Authors: Rühr Peter T. , Blanke Alexander
Published: May 2022

Animal closing forces such as bite and pinch forces may determine access to food and mates and are therefore important performance metrics related to fitness. Previous measurement setups to obtain in vivo closing force data were often custom‐made for each study, hampering comparisons among different studies. Additionally, most setups were limited in the size range of taxa they can measure, especially towards smaller species.

We introduce forceX, a closing force measurement setup that allows the measurement of a large range of taxa with a great size variety, and forceR, an accompanying software package to analyse the data. forceX is mostly based on off‐the‐shelf components and 3D‐printed or metal‐turned parts. Gape distance can be modified during measurements, and replaceable tip elements of varying thickness allow a minimal gape distance of ~0.3 mm. Thus, forceX allows closing force measurements of smaller species, while still being able to measure medium‐sized animals as well. Animals are not harmed during the measurements, and the whole setup can be assembled within minutes, is battery‐powered, light‐weight and transportable.

The forceX system is able to accurately (linear regression of measured forces vs. control forces: p < 0.001; R2 > 0.999; n = 1,609) and reproducibly (mean of absolute relative errors = 0.93%; SD = 1.42%; n = 1,609) measure forces across three orders of magnitude (0.01–10 N). Importantly, whole force curves, instead of just maximum force values are stored, and forceR allows extracting individual peak shapes from these curves to facilitate the statistical analysis of both maximum force values and peak curve shapes.

forceX and forceR facilitate rapid and minimally invasive in vivo measurements and analyses of closing forces in animals across a wider range of taxa than previously possible, including, for example, many small species of the megadiverse insects. The system allows studying the characteristics, predictors, and evolution of both maximum closing forces and force curve shapes.
TNF‐α/IFN‐γ synergy amplifies senescence‐associated inflammation and SARS‐CoV‐2 receptor expression via hyper‐activated JAK/STAT1
Authors: Kandhaya‐Pillai Renuka , Yang Xiaomeng , Tchkonia Tamar , Martin George M. , Kirkland James L. , Oshima Junko
Published: May 2022

Older age and underlying conditions such as diabetes/obesity or immunosuppression are leading host risk factors for developing severe complications from COVID‐19 infection. The pathogenesis of COVID‐19‐related cytokine storm, tissue damage, and fibrosis may be interconnected with fundamental aging processes, including dysregulated immune responses and cellular senescence. Here, we examined effects of key cytokines linked to cellular senescence on expression of SARS‐CoV‐2 viral entry receptors. We found exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to the inflammatory cytokines, TNF‐α + IFN‐γ or a cocktail of TNF‐α + IFN‐γ + IL‐6, increased expression of ACE2/DPP4, accentuated the pro‐inflammatory senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and decreased cellular proliferative capacity, consistent with progression towards a cellular senescence‐like state. IL‐6 by itself failed to induce substantial effects on viral entry receptors or SASP‐related genes, while synergy between TNF‐α and IFN‐γ initiated a positive feedback loop via hyper‐activation of the JAK/STAT1 pathway, causing SASP amplification. Breaking the interactive loop between senescence and cytokine secretion with JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib or antiviral drug remdesivir prevented hyper‐inflammation, normalized SARS‐CoV‐2 entry receptor expression, and restored HUVECs proliferative capacity. This loop appears to underlie cytokine‐mediated viral entry receptor activation and links with senescence and hyper‐inflammation.
Rare variant of dens invaginatus with accessory root and labial talon cusp in maxillary lateral incisor—Case report
Authors: Ali Afzal , Zoya Asma , Ali Sajid , Arslan Hakan
Published: May 2022

Dens invaginatus (DI) often causes dysmorphic changes in both the crown and root. This case report presents a complicated type 3a DI in a maxillary lateral incisor with labial talon cusp and root bifurcation. Although lingual talon cusp is common in maxillary lateral incisor, labial talon cusp is rare. An auxiliary palatal root in maxillary lateral incisor is also unusual. No such case involving all three variations has been described in the literature. The DI was classified as type B4 according to Schulze and Brand, as it involved division of pulp and root. DI was managed by orthograde MTA, radisectomy and periodontal regeneration was done for the palatal root. Labial talon associated with DI and can lead to early periodontal/pulpal involvement. Type 3 DI can affect the root with marked dilatation and division. Additional palatal root should be carefully detected in type 3a DI and managed with the aid of CBCT.
Onychiuridae (Collembola) of Australia: a key to species with notes on their distributions and pest status
Authors: Greenslade Penelope , Ireson John
Published: May 2022

The onychiurid fauna of Australia is revised and found to comprise six species belonging to five genera. All species are already described and are widespread in the Northern Hemisphere so they are considered to be introduced to Australia. For the most part, they are only known in Australia from agricultural and horticultural soils and home gardens as well as worm beds. A dichotomous key to the species is presented together with updated names, relevant synonymies, a brief description of each and comments on their distribution and ecology. The six species separated in the key are Protaphorura fimata (Gisin, 1952), Thalassaphorura encarpata (Denis, 1931), Thalassaphorura cryptopyga (Denis, 1931), Orthonychiurus folsomi (Schäffer, 1900), Deuteraphorura cebennaria (Gisin, 1956) and Onychiurus ambulans (Linnaeus, 1758). A seventh species is listed here but in family Tullbergiidae, Metaphorura affinis (Börner, 1902). It is included as it could be confused with the Onychiurinae in the field. In Australia and overseas, onychiurids have been associated with root damage to plants in home gardens and field crops, and we discuss their pest status using data from assessments of field crop damage in Australia. The aim of this paper is to provide an identification guide to field workers so that they can decide whether control methods are required.
Taxonomic revision of the New Zealand endemic parasitoid genus Rhyssaloides Belokobylskij, 1999 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
Authors: Belokobylskij Sergey A , Ward Darren F
Published: May 2022

The New Zealand cyclostome braconid fauna is poorly studied but has a high diversity of Mesostoinae compared to other regions. We redescribe the endemic New Zealand genus Rhyssaloides Belokobylskij, 1999 and compare it to two morphologically similar New Zealand endemics, Zealastoa Quicke & Ward, 2020 and Doryctomorpha Ashmead, 1900. Two new species, Rh. maculatus sp. nov. and Rh. noyesi sp. nov., are described and illustrated. The species Rhyssaloides antipoda Belokobylskij, 1999, which is a parasitoid of the native cerambycid Ambeodontus tristis (Fabricius, 1775), is placed as a junior synonym of Rhyssaloides ambeodonti (Muesebeck, 1941), syn. nov. A key for determining the three known species is provided.
Subnational public expenditures, short‐term household‐level welfare, and economic flexibility: Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Takeshima Hiroyuki , Balana Bedru B. , Smart Jenny , Edeh Hyacinth O. , Oyeyemi Motunrayo Ayowumi , Andam Kwaw S.
Published: May 2022

Public expenditures (PEs) are critical for key public‐sector functions that contribute to the development and welfare improvements. PE for agriculture, as well as social‐sector PE, such as health, education, and social welfare, have been considered instrumental for income growth, poverty reduction, investment, nutritional outcomes, and resilience. However, direct evidence in developing countries like Nigeria has been relatively limited. We fill this knowledge gap by estimating the effects of subnational PE shares for agriculture, health, education, and social welfare, as well as PE size, on household‐level outcomes, using nationally representative panel household data and district––as well as state‐level PE data in Nigeria, and a production‐function‐based indicator of “flexibility.” We find that greater PE shares for agriculture, health, and social welfare, conditional on PE size, have positive effects on consumption, poverty reduction, and nonfarm business. A greater PE share for agriculture, unlike the PE shares for health or social welfare, also enhances household dietary diversity and economic flexibility between farming and nonfarm activities, an indicator of economic resilience. These effects appear to materialize through the positive impacts on agriculture. Such multidimensional benefits of greater PE for agriculture are worth attention in countries like Nigeria, which tends to allocate a lower PE share for agriculture compared to other comparable countries in Africa and elsewhere.
Effectiveness of a co‐designed technology package on perceptions of safety in community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Gordon Susan , Telford‐Sharp Fiona , Crowe William , Champion Stephanie
Published: May 2022

Objectives

Increasing numbers of older people are living longer, often alone, in their own homes. Services and products that enable older people to remain safely in their own homes are required.

The My Smart Home project recruited 30 community‐dwelling people aged 65+ to co‐design a package of technology to address their individual goals for safety and security at home. The technology package, up to the value of $4000, included installation of health monitoring, communication and entertainment devices, and security alarms, with 6 hours of technology coaching.

Methods

Participants completed the Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI), the Australian Quality of Life‐8 Dimensions (AQoL‐8D) and the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) at baseline, and after 4 weeks' use of the technology package. Semi‐structured interviews were also used to qualitatively understand the challenges, enablers and outcomes of the project with respect to safety and security in the home.

Results

Significant improvements in PWI (p < 0.01), AQoL‐8D (p < 0.001) and COPM for goal performance (p < 0.001) and goal satisfaction (p < 0.001) were reported. Participants also reported feeling safer and more secure in their own homes. Common barriers to adoption of technology, cost, integration with already‐owned technology and lack of confidence were overcome with this technology and coaching package.

Conclusions

An individualised package of technology, with coaching, that supports older people to realise their personal goals with technology resulted in improved well‐being, quality of life and sense of safety and security in community‐dwelling older people. Ultimately, this should support a longer and better quality of life at home.
Prevalence of highly actionable mutations among Indian patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Raman Ruchir , Ramamohan Varun , Rathore Anurag , Jain Deepali , Mohan Anant , Vashistha Vishal
Published: May 2022

Background

Non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a leading cause of cancer‐related mortality in India. To clarify rates of actionable mutations, and thereby identify opportunities to improve the delivery of best available care for a large volume of patients, a comprehensive review of available data is warranted.

Methods

Studies that reported prevalence of any actionable gene variant among adult Indian patients with advanced NSCLC were selected from three databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library). Ranges in actionable variant prevalence were reported. Meta‐analysis of proportions was completed among studies specifically evaluating mutational prevalence within ALK or EGFR. Sensitivity analyses were undertaken among populations sharing high heterogeneity.

Results

Twenty‐six studies were selected. Ranges in actionable mutational prevalence among NSCLC patients were as follows: ALK: 4.1–21.4%, BRAF: 1.5–3.5%, EGFR: 11.9–51.8%, HER2: 0–1.5%, KRAS: 4.5–6.4%, NTRK: 0–.7%, and ROS‐1: 3.5–4.1%. Following sensitivity analysis, pooled ALK mutational prevalence rates were 8.3% (95% CIs: 6.6–10.4%) and 4.01% (95% CIs: 2.3–7.0) for adenocarcinoma and NSCLC patients, respectively. Pooled EGFR mutational prevalence rates were 28.7% (95% CIs: 23.5–34.6%) and 24.2% (95% CIs: 19.9–29.1%) for adenocarcinoma and NSCLC patients, respectively.

Conclusions

Nearly 40% of Indian patients with advanced adenocarcinoma and 30% with NSCLC share an actionable mutation in ALK or EGFR. Approximately one‐half of adenocarcinoma patients have an actionable variant. Efforts should be directed toward efficiently identifying candidates for targeted agents and delivering such treatments.
Fragmented QRS in the relatives of patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Abuş Sabri , Afşin Abdulmecit
Published: May 2022

Background

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the important causes of mortality. It has been emphasized that the risk of CAD may be increased in the relatives of CAD patients. Fragmented QRS (fQRS) is an electrocardiography (ECG) marker showing myocardial damage.

Methods

A study group of 62 symptomatic individuals (31 males, mean age 38.5 ± 7.12 years) with first‐degree relatives with coronary artery disease and 64 healthy volunteers (24 males, mean age 37.9 ± 11.6 years) were included in this study. The study did not include those with known cardiac disease, metabolic disease, or drug use that may cause a change in ECG parameters.

Results

There was no significant difference between the groups regarding gender, heart rate, QRS complex, QTc, frontal QRS‐T angle, and left ventricle ejection fraction. Compared to the control group, the QT interval and fQRS count were significantly higher in the study group (p < .05 for both). Low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), hemoglobin, and neutrophil counts were significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group (p < .05 for all).

Conclusions

Our study showed that fQRS was increased in individuals with symptomatic first‐degree relatives with coronary artery disease compared to healthy volunteers.
The persistent publication glass ceiling: an analysis of gender authorship trends in ANZ Journal of Surgery
Authors: Sakowska Magda M. , Toffoletti Kim
Published: May 2022

Background

women historically have been underrepresented in the field of academic publishing. This study aims to analyse ANZJS gender authorship trends and compare this to the proportion of women in surgery in Australia/NZ using RACS demographic data to provide parity context.

Methods

This is a bibliographic gender analysis of ANZJS publications from 2002 to 2021; articles were analysed using a web‐based application classifying gender from names.

Results

There were 7265 articles analysed. Gender was predicted for 87% (6303/7265) first‐, 89% (5847/6439) last‐ and 98% (323/329) editorial first‐authors. There were 1269/6303 (20%) women first‐authors, this increased from 14% to 27% (p = 0.001) over time. Eleven percent (654/5847) of last‐authors were women, this proportion remained unchanged (p = 0.09). Eleven (3%) editorials were first‐authored by women, with 3/329 (1%) as solo‐author.

Conclusion

Numbers of women authors remain low in ANZJS, although the percentage of women first‐authors has increased over time. However, if being last‐author serves as a measure of senior academic supervision, and, editorial authorship shows leadership in one's field, women authors in these positions, in ANZJS, represent a small minority.