bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conceptual approach to the assessment of economic security of economic entities on the example of transport enterprises
Authors: Karanina Elena , Ryazanova Olesya , Gritsuk Natalia
Published: August 2018

The article is devoted to the assessment of economic security of economic entities of the territories on the example of transport enterprises of the Kirov region. The purpose of the study is to test the methods of assessing the level of economic security of economic entities in the sphere of transport based on objective and clear criteria and indicators of potential and risk. Methods of the research: economic analysis, integral analysis, averages, ranking, cluster analysis. The first part of the article deals with the economic security of economic entities. The role of transport enterprises in its provision is revealed. In the second part of the article, the methodology of the research is considered. Here the main threats to the activities of transport enterprises and indicators of economic security are outlined. The author's model of the concept of economic security assessment of economic entities of the territories is presented. Key indicators for rating economic safety of economic entities of the territories are considered. In the third part of the article, the results of an assessment of the level of economic security of economic entities of the Territories on the example of transport enterprises of the Kirov region are presented. Clusters of transport enterprises are selected on the basis of indicators of potential and risk. The analysis of threats and risks of economic entities of the territories is carried out. Much attention is paid to the analysis of the social and economic potential of the Kirov region, strengthening its economic security.
Automation with renewable energy to optimize the exploitation of water supply networks in Ninh Thuan province
Authors: Vo Anh Tuan , Mai Lien Huong , Nguyen Huynh Thuy Ngan
Published: August 2018

The research that was conducted on the water supply network of Phan Rang city, Ninh Thuan province, is aimed at using renewable energy to optimize the management and reduce the water loss. The research has conducted DMA (District Metering Area) setup, construction and installation of flow meter and pressure reducing valve chamber for flow and pressure control with active pressure regulation, and the use of hydraulic power generator to generate power at the site. Research results provide management agencies, in particular, water supply companies, with optimal solutions in network management and energy saving, reducing the amount of water loss effectively, thereby increasing revenue and saving clean water - precious resources are gradually depleted.
Study of the solution for disinfection by supplying residual chlorine in the distribution networks of drinking water
Authors: Phan Dinh Xuan Vinh , Vo Anh Tuan , Nguyen Huynh Thuy Ngan , Ho Thi My Hanh
Published: August 2018

This paper proposes a solution to ensure quality of drinking water in water supply network by increasing chlorine concentration, reaching concentration level to disinfect water according to Ministry of Health regulation for water supply. Specifically, this study has been carried out at Tan Kien water supply station, Binh Chanh district, Ho Chi Minh City, by installing an additional chlorine station along the pipeline. As a result, after installation, the residual chlorine concentration has reached required concentration and has maintained the stability of its level. The chlorine station is an integrated, compact solution suitable for similar water supply areas: far from water supply plants, inadequate chlorine concentration and limited space for installation of chlorine system.
Assessment of soil and ground chemical and radiation pollution on the gold-silver deposit “Klyon” territory (Chukotka Autonomous Region, Russia)
Authors: Vinogradov Alexey , Bryukhan Fedor , Kuchmin Alexey
Published: August 2018

Study of Arctic soils and grounds ecological state is relevant on the one hand due to their industrial development, on the other hand due to the need to preserve natural landscapes considering their high sensitivity to technogenic impacts. This study is aimed at assessing soil and ground chemical and radiation pollution on the territory of the gold-silver deposit “Klyon” located in Chukotka permafrost zone. The level of metal content in soil and ground samples was found to differ from the world soil clarke insignificantly. Field measurements of gamma radiation flux on the deposit sites under development have shown external equivalent dose rate of the gamma radiation to be at the natural gamma background level. Laboratory tests of soil and ground samples have shown their radioactivity level to meet radiation safety standards for construction materials. Studying changes of soil and ground chemical and radiation pollution over time as part of local environmental monitoring is noted to be expedient.
Technogenic electromagnetic impact zones of electric grid facilities
Authors: Bryukhan Fedor , Amirkhanyan Mariya
Published: August 2018

Introduction of technogenic physical fields including electromagnetic fields (EMF) to the environment can have an adverse impact on both humans and environment. Development of safety tools protecting against EMF impact involves studying their intensity and assessing EMF spatial extent. This paper proposes a definition of an EMF technogenic impact zone (TIZ) concept based on the instruments lower sensitivity threshold. The paper gives the results of EMF TIZ width assessment based on the measurements of EMF electric and magnetic components intensity generated by power line communication (PLC) along its 200-meter section. The EMF TIZ width was found to be homogeneous along the PLC section. It is noted that the proposed interpretation of EMF TIZ and method of its determination can be generalized for other EMF sources as well, for example, for SHF-radiation sources, tele-and radio-transmission facilities, mobile communication antennas, etc.
Development of Environmentally Safe Pharmaceutical Treatment Technology of Urban Territories Wastewater
Authors: Кrasnova Tamara , Gora Natalia , Golubeva Nadezhda
Published: August 2018

At present, one of the most important problems is the growing of environment pollution of Urban Development. Wastewater treatment generated in the manufacture of medicines and biologically active additives is of great importance for water bodies' sanitary protection. The sorption method provides a high degree of weakly concentrated wastewater purification, the absence of secondary pollution and the possibility of returning valuable components and water to the production. The purpose of the study was to develop an adsorption technology for wastewater treatment in the pharmaceutical industry containing flavonoids using semi-coke. Results of the study: The results of complex studies of the flavonoids - quercetin adsorption and rutin on active charcoals differing in raw materials, method of production, structure and chemistry of the surface are presented. The main equilibrium, kinetic and dynamic process parameters are calculated for engineering calculations. Importance of the research: The technology of wastewater adsorption treatment from pharmaceutical industries with subsequent regeneration of active coals is proposed, which will provide protection against water pollution and resource saving. The performed work showed the prospects of using the semi-coke "Puroolat-Standard", which is characterized by higher adsorption capacity and lower cost
Structure of laminar flows with oppositely-rotating coaxial layers
Authors: Zuikov Andrey , Orekhov Genrikh , Suehtina Tatiana
Published: August 2018

The article is devoted to the theoretical study of laminar flows with the coaxial layers rotating in opposite directions moving along the pipe. These flows have a wide practical application potential in technologies of mixing multiphase and heterogeneous media in microbiology, chemistry, ecology, heat engineering, power engineering, civil engineering and engine and rocket science. Such flows have a complicated three-dimensional structure. The theoretical model of the test flow is based on the Navier – Stokes's equations and Fourier – Bessel's method of expansion of differential equations. The article presents the formulas and graphs showing the radial-axial distributions of tangential, axial and radial flow velocities, stream functions and viscous vortex components. The authors made the theoretical analysis of the kinematic structure of such flows.
Modeling optimal solutions with the use of heat technologies based on graph theory
Authors: Trukhina Natalya , Okolelova Ella
Published: August 2018

The article describes the types of energy efficient technologies focused on energy saving. The presented technologies have significantly improved performance, while the disadvantage is high cost, which is the main factor preventing the introduction of energy saving technologies in construction. In this regard, solve the problem of optimizing the choice of the possible heat saving technologies of construction enterprises based on their financial and production capabilities based on graph theory. As a result, identify the technology yielding the greatest effect at minimum cost. The decision process is formalized as a graphical structure. In this case, the problem of finding the optimal solutions solved in graph theory. Graphical modeling of the structure of relations allows to visualize and organize variants of the consistent use of energy-saving technologies construction companies. On the basis of the construction of adjacency matrices organization of construction production is planned based on the use of energy-saving technologies determines the best combination of the ability of the construction company and the effectiveness to the execution of the technology.
Modeling of greenhouse radiant heating
Authors: Pavlov Mikhail , Lukin Sergey , Derevianko Oleg
Published: August 2018

Commercially available greenhouses are commonly used for provision of year-round growing of agricultural crops at protected ground. In order to provide favorable conditions for plants growth these agricultural constructions should be equipped by artificial heating systems in cold sea-sons. This work presents an overview of basic traditional and alternative heating systems which find their applications in agriculture. Advantages of application of roof radiant heating with infrared radiation sources for green-houses are discussed. It was discovered that now there is no appropriate mathematical model of greenhouse radiant heating, which takes into account both heat and mass exchange processes. Here we propose a mathematical model of radiant heating, which includes equation system of both heat and mass exchange processes for greenhouse, its enclosure and soil. The numer-ical calculations were performed for commercially available greenhouse “Farmer 7.5”. We investigated the impact of external air temperature and heat exchange rate on the following greenhouse radiant heating characteris-tics: internal air temperature, heating system thermal power and water dis-charge for soil watering.
Analytical calculation of time of reaching specific values based on visibility loss during a fire
Authors: Kolodyazhniy Sergei , Kozlov Vladimir
Published: August 2018

Using an integral mathematical model of a fire considering the assumptions typical of a starting stage of a fire, analytical dependencies were obtained for determining the time of reaching a critical value of the density of a smoke screen in a premises with a fire epicenter and adjoining premises. By means of analytical formulas for determining critical evacuation time intervals based on visibility loss, table values for different parameters that are included in the original equations were obtained. Simple engineering analytical solutions that describe the dynamics of smoke formation in premises in case of a fire when used in a certain combination are presented. The obtained dependencies allow one to identify the critical time of evacuation with no use of special PC software as well as to obtain original data without calculating an anti-smoke ventilation system.
Recommendations for repairing the facades of the factory building of the “Experienced sports equipment in Moscow”
Authors: Kamskov Victor
Published: August 2018

The article presents the results of performed visual and instrumental surveys that allow to clarify and expand information on the structural design of the walls of the building, the nature of the damage and the cause of their origin. In order to obtain a more complete initial information on the surveyed object, visual and instrumental surveys were additionally carried out to clarify and expand information on the structural design of the building walls, the nature of the damage and the cause of their origin. Project-technical, executive and acceptance documentation for construction, as well as acts of survey of hidden works on the site are absent. By instrumental methods it is established that there is a gap between the surface of the main wall and the facing brick layer and the deviation of the facing layer from the vertical surface. As a result of inspection of the opened window slopes, it is established that the mesh protruding from the main masonry does not enter the lining seams but is bent into the gap. Therefore, the facing layer of masonry, which is devoid of connection with the main wall, operates independently as a self-supporting wall. Therefore, it is necessary to fix the facing layer to the laying of the main wall with steel ties. Examination of the facing of the facing layer revealed the presence of damage in the form of cracks having a vertical and horizontal orientation. Based on the results of the survey, recommendations were developed to ensure reliable and safe operation of the building wall structures in close connection with an in-depth analysis of the causes of these damages.
Study of reinforced elastomeric bearings for structures in seismic areas
Authors: Safina Larisa , Shuvalov Aleksandr , Kovalev Mikhail
Published: August 2018

The article presents the results of the experimental determination of the physical and mechanical characteristics of rubber-metal vibration-proof supports used in the construction of facilities in the areas of increased seismic hazard. The testing was based on two necessities: to substantiate the possibility of using such a constructive seismic protection solution and to create reliable calculation models of the structures with rubber-metal support. More than thirty samples were tested in the laboratory under various loads and impacts. The elastomers were tested in accordance with the requirements written in EN-1337-3. The experiment was performed on three types of elastomer model samples to determine their vertical and horizontal stiffness, the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity and creep. The work was performed on INSTRON power equipment and a test rig equipped with MTS hydraulic jacks installed in the power frame. The testing results of elastomeric support models were confirmed by the determination of individual characteristics on the full size specimens at the corresponding load. Thus, the test has confirmed and proved the validity of the use of elastomeric bearings for seismic protection of a mall construction.
Mobile building life cycle
Authors: Katranov Ivan , Lapidus Azariy
Published: August 2018

In the publication mobile building life cycle is researched. There is comparison with the stationary construction. The article discusses in detail specialized cycles of the mobile object construction. The interrelation of specialized cycles of the mobile building object, technical, organizational and technological requirements that underlie the effective implementation of mobile building object is detected.
Seismic resistance and endurance of the typical residential buildings in Sochi
Authors: Yurchenko Elena , Volkov Alexander , Kakosyan Asthik
Published: August 2018

The typical residential buildings of the 1960-90s are a significant part of Sochi’s housing stock, similar to other cities in Russia. Nowadays they are in the half of their design life. The purpose of the study is to determine the reliability and endurance of operation under conditions of seismic intensity degree VIII by the MSK-64 scale (Medvedev-Sponheuer-Karnik scale), the humid subtropical climate, Sochi’s housing density, and the rugged terrain. Studies of the technical condition of buildings and facilities have been conducted in Sochi State University for 20 years. According to the building codes, the categories of the technical state of both structural elements and building construction were defined, reliability values were calculated, and types of defects were identified. Methods of conducting current repairs and local seismic retrofitting to achieve the characteristic value of buildings’ endurance were proposed.
Automated calculation of reduced resistance to a heat transfer of the window based on BIM technologies
Authors: Ignatova Elena
Published: August 2018

The aim of this work is the development of automated methods of calculation of thermophysical characteristics of the window based on BIM technology. The structure and materials of window frames and glazing are taken into account while calculating reduced resistance to a heat transfer of the window. Software Autodesk Revit was used for creating the information model of the window. As a result of current research a parametric families of windows were created. Each family contains an automatically calculated parameter of reduced resistance to a heat transfer of the window. Windows with one, two and three sashes were considered in the paper. Calculations have been made for wooden and plastic frames. Russian design standards were taken into consideration. The results of the calculations of reduced resistance to a heat transfer of the window are presented in the table at the end of the paper. The introduced method is universal for any window structure. Accurate calculation of heat loss of window units will allow to choose the design decisions and to predict energy costs for building maintenance.
Development of heat-insulating fire-resistant coating for building structures
Authors: Chukhlanov Vladimir , Selivanov Oleg , Trifonova Tatyana , Ilina Marina , Chukhlanova Natalia
Published: August 2018

The study presents the results of the composition development for producing heat-insulating fire-resistant coating for concrete and metal surfaces of various construction facilities. The composition includes binder - siloxane rubber, filler - hollow carbon microspheres, and flame retardant additive – electroplating sludge. Siloxane rubber improves heat-insulating properties of the obtained coating. Hollow carbon microspheres used as fillers in the amount of 20-50 wt.p. decrease heat insulation of the coating. Flame retardant additive in the amount of 10-15 wt.p. provides self-extinction effect to the cured coating. The study demonstrates that hollow carbon microspheres characterized by low heat insulation ratio are much more effective as compared to the glass or ceramic microspheres. Besides, they provide high strength and low specific weight due to their valuable physical and chemical properties. Metals hydroxides and oxides contained in the electroplating sludge serve as flame retardants in the polymer heat insulating coating, and effectiveness of their activity is directly proportional to their content in the composition, but the increase of galvanic sludge over 15% is undesirable, as the composition viscosity increases physical and mechanical properties of polymer coating. The study demonstrates that siloxane resin based composition filled with hollow carbon microspheres and containing flame retardant additive of galvanic sludge facilitates producing comparatively cheap but rather effective construction polymer coatings with good heat-insulating and fire resistant characteristics.
Regulation of the microecological environment of residential buildings in southern cities with a hot-calm climate condition
Authors: Giyasov Adham
Published: August 2018

The article studies one of the ways of passive use of solar energy, providing a favorable microecological conditions in the housing of southern cities with extreme hot-calm climate conditions. The ecological condition of the internal air environment of the premises is considered in connection with the ecological situation of the environment near the residential building. The role of gravitational convection of the wall layer of air in aeration and ensuring the ecological purity of the air in the premises of the buildings of southern cities is established.
Model and mechanism of carbon nanotube stabilization with plasticizer
Authors: Samchenko Svetlana , Kozlova Irina , Zemskova Оlga
Published: August 2018

Mechanism of stabilization of carbon nanotube (CNT) water suspension with plasticizer based on sulfated naphthalene formaldehyde resins is proposed in this article. CNT stabilization is achieved at the expense of fixing plasticizer group on the nanoparticle surface. Nonpolar part of plasticizer provides the formation of high-viscosity streak between CNTs particles and dispersion medium, and polar part provides the formation of double electrical layer, that supports formation of CNT micelle. Model of carbon nanotube micelle is described. It is determined that the conducting of ultrasonic dispersion of CNTs water suspensions with plasticizer based on sulfated naphthalene formaldehyde resins provides stability of CNTs suspensions for 7 and more days. Optimal options of ultrasonic effect are identified. It is shown that CNT suspension stabilized with sulfated naphthalene formaldehyde evenly apportion in volume of cement system in conclusion of the adding them to composition of cement paste. This distribution helps with obtaining cement stone with high exploitative properties.
Environmental solution for traditional housing in the Cuu Long River delta
Authors: Anh Dung Pham
Published: August 2018

Experience of environmental solutions for traditional housing in a certain region is always considered as a base in local housing construction. Due to common scientific methods of site survey – statistics – deduction – historic documentation, the researcher expects to propose lessons learnt from ancestor’s logical behaviors on environmental solutions for traditional housing in the Cuu Long River Delta in order to propose fundamental solutions for current local housing construction.
Green Architecture as a Means of Sustainable Urban Development: Russian and International Experience
Authors: Pryadko Igor
Published: August 2018

The author believes that environmental safety is one of the key requirements applicable to urban management. Environmental safety is a multi-faceted notion; therefore, it is associated not only with the process of specific activity, but also with its outcome, as any activity, including the one performed by the officers of municipal authorities and city hall managers, is assessed by its result. Indeed, the notion of “environmental safety” encompasses both acceptable negative impacts produced by natural and human-induced environmental hazards on the urban environment and residents, and a set of actions, aimed at the reduction of harmful consequences of any activities performed by urban residents. The author is confident that the use of renewable sources of energy and ecological construction materials will make this reduction feasible. The author believes that the objectives of environmental safety are of particular importance for regional and municipal management authorities, construction and architectural projects. According to the author’s findings generated in the course of analysis of several architectural projects, this government – level objective is particularly relevant today. The author also analyzes several “garden cities”, inspired by E. Howard’s original ideas.
Assessment of the efficiency of the decisions made during implementation of the investment project in construction
Authors: Karakozova Irina , Prochorova Yulia
Published: August 2018

The imperfection of structure and the maintenance of stages of a predesign stage of implementation of the investment project creates some problems which pass into the subsequent stages of the reproduction cycle of a capital construction project, forming additional expenses of time, money and human resources. The authors pay the main attention to the stage of justification of investments (mainly to the means of the federal budget) as to the key element of decision making on the project implementation and also to the technical-and-economical justification of the project, which determines the further design and construction of the facility of the real estate. It is offered to use the system of indicators for the assessment of efficiency of the made decisions on the basis of uncontrollable and controlled factors. The mathematical model of the factors, the order of definition of the extent of their influence is offered. Scenarios of the choice of the investment decision on the basis of the established principles in the conditions of uncertainty are described. The authors point out, that during introduction of the offered mechanism it is necessary to adopt the relevant amendments to the legislative and regulations of the Russian Federation, that in turn involves the emergence of a temporary log. However, the planned results of the work of the modernized system will affect positively on the reduction of duration of the predesign stage without any loss of its qualitative characteristics. Thus, that might become one of the key factors of sustainable development of modern cities.
Environmental analysis in construction company economic activity: approaches, methods, indicators
Authors: Simionova Nina , Krivosheeva Irina , Krivosheev Dmitriy , Lunyakov Mikhail
Published: August 2018

Taking into account that construction is one of the resource-intensive economic sectors, which is reflected in natural capital consumption and taking out the land resources from the turnover, it significantly affects the environmental situation. The conducted review of the previous research in the environmental analysis confirms the importance of the aforementioned problem and the urgency of research continuation to develop a tool for the environmental subsystem management in terms of companies’ sustainable development management. As a uniting tool for quantitative and qualitative analytical methods providing the basis for the choice and implementation of the strategy taking into account environmental requirements, we proposed a method for building of a construction company environmental profile, a scorecard with specific indicators underlying such profile as well as approaches for their reference level formation. To ensure the growth of the companies' environmental responsibility, it was proposed to increase the range of the estimated figures used for the formation of the construction companies' rankings including the environmental indicators into the system alongside with the economic and social figures with the account of the achieved outcomes both on the basis of the instantaneous and rate indicators.
The method of forming solutions for non-critical activities in the preparation and optimization of the construction complex organizations’ annual program
Authors: Oleinik Pavel , Yurgaytis Alexey
Published: August 2018

The article considers the possibility of identifying a group of companion activities in the annual construction program of organizations that does not lie on the critical path of the network model and which can be performed at the expense of the resource of subcontractors. The authors, using statistical methods, analyzed the experience of planning the production activities of a number of Russian and foreign construction companies on the territory of the Russian Federation to evaluate the application of the proposed optimization instrument without damage to the production process and without the risk of losing managerial control over the construction sites.
Environmental aspects of substantiation of the production decision efficiency
Authors: Graboviy Petr
Published: August 2018

The current scale of industrial production is characterized by the intensive use of natural resources and the growth of waste pollution of the environment. A long-term program is needed to implement targeted measures to coordinate the prospects for the development of national economy and nature protection. Its implementation requires significant capital investment. To increase the efficiency of their use, a scientifically sound methodology for the economic evaluation of the most important types of natural resources and measures to protect the environment is necessary. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the development of such a methodology. Its most important task is to articulate and agree on a single theoretical basis the calculations of the economic efficiency of production decisions with the requirements for the protection of the natural environment. This chapter is devoted to the coverage of these issues.
Risk and uncertainty in economic modelling of complex building systems
Authors: Hrustalev Boris , Moses Angelina , Uchaeva Tatiana
Published: August 2018

In the article the authors consider the possibility of applying the tools of econometric modeling with variable structure, in the analysis of complex economic building systems that take into account sudden shifts due to a perturbing influence of factors of risk and uncertainty and thus to increase the efficiency of select and justify management decisions
Monitoring of the development of urban areas with the use of information technology
Authors: Kagan Pavel
Published: August 2018

This article describes the concept of building the technology for analysis and monitoring of urban development. It validates the relevance of creating such a technology. Parameters that affect urban development of city zones have been systematized. Important point of consideration was given to the ecological, social, economic, architectural and aesthetic factors that influence the development of urban zones. This developing technology for analysis and monitoring of urban development will enable the forecasting and planning for complex urban development of regions, depending on the existing context. It will also help control the implementation of targeted government programs in each municipal district of a city, through the use of automated generation and evaluation of operational and projected metrics.
Incorporate the rules of social segregation in solutions for the inhibition of the housing bubble in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Van Khai
Published: August 2018

Unlike the crisis in the U.S. which mainly started from the secondary investors and financial system, a great part of Vietnam’s housing bubble was caused by the primary investors. When businesses in Vietnam made lower profits, this led to rush investments in the real estate market, even from those primary investors who are newly established, have a lack of professionalism in housing development and knowledge of urban economics. Many of their projects were not possible to implement, leaving the market frozen with huge numbers of empty plots, houses and apartments. The review of urban sociology theories combining with deep analysis of the situation of Vietnam and the U.S had clarified the causes of the housing crisis in Vietnam. Many housing projects in the country are prepared without incorporating certain physical and social factors, leading to the lack of feasibility, and therefore, largely seen as the origin of the housing crisis. The proposed solution of this research was to incorporate physical and social factors in the projects represented by the correct selection of the appropriate housing status and dwelling quality for each social group.
Example of development of production schedule in the reorganization of residential areas
Authors: Dzhusoev German , Sinenko Sergey , Slavin Alexey
Published: August 2018

Reducing production in case of significant problems with production capacity is not a popular solution for many managers, but the benefits of such a solution may be unexpected. Firstly, the economic performance of production can be really improved because the reduction of work intensity eliminates clutter and disorder in the work centers, which led to additional costs. Secondly, the quality of work (and, as a consequence, the convenience of further recycling or reuse in the case of demolition) may improve, as in a normal environment it will be given more attention. Perhaps the solution Manager can be an organization overtime or events of a technical nature, which, however, do not always have the desired flexibility. Redistribution of the flow to other work centers is provided as a result of solving the assignment problem.
Environmental safety construction programs optimization and reliability of their implementation
Authors: Burkova Irina , Titarenko Boris , Hasnaoui Amir , Titarenko Roman
Published: August 2018

This paper shows a problem of creating the construction programs to ensure the environmental safety with regard to their reliability. The problem is in choosing the right projects for the program to achieve the required effect with minimum costs by restriction either the number of high-risk projects or their funding amount. This paper suggests algorithms of solving the problems using Branch and Bound method and Cost-effectiveness analysis.
Options for financial support of local issues
Authors: Morunova Galina , Kuzmina Svetlana , Sorvina Taisiya
Published: August 2018

The search for additional options for financing issues of local importance and the organization of economic activity of municipalities is particularly relevant in the context of the economic crisis and budgetary constraints in Russia. According to the author, the reason for the low activity of municipal-private partnership projects is often explained by the complexity of interaction between business and municipalities. It is obvious that only cooperation and interaction at all levels can ensure the solution of a number of problems, and, as a consequence, municipal development. The tool of such inter-municipal, inter-level, within the municipality cooperation with citizens and business can be a target bond loan for the implementation of a specific project. The author substantiates this hypothesis on the example of foreign practice, as well as considering a specific example of a possible municipality with the use of a bond and possible restrictions on the use of this tool.
Influence of depreciation calculation of fixed assets on the optimization of income tax
Authors: Zaslavskaya Irina
Published: August 2018

The article explores the possibility of applying various approaches to the depreciation calculation in tax accounting, it takes into the account characteristics of depreciable assets, the establishment of various useful lives and methods for calculating depreciation. The article analyses the possibility of using an alternative choice of calculating depreciation in order to reduce the tax burden on the enterprise in terms of income tax. The attention is focused on the application of tax benefits established by the Tax Code. It can be used in calculating depreciation of fixed assets. The author deals with the main differences between the depreciation calculation of charges of fixed assets in accounting and tax accounting, she formulates the problems arising due to different approaches to the estimation of initial cost and depreciation calculation.
Der nicht traumatologische Schockraumpatient
Authors: Gässler Holger , Helm Matthias , Lampl Lorenz , Kulla Martin
Published: August 2018

Die Nutzung des Schockraums dient der schnellstmöglichen Diagnostik und Einleitung der Therapie bei vermuteter oder gesicherter akuter Lebensgefahr. Aufgrund der dort vorhandenen Infrastruktur liegen hier die bestmöglichen Bedingungen zur Versorgung vor. Dies gilt auch für nicht traumatologische Patienten, für die allerdings bislang keine gemeinsame Empfehlung der Fachgesellschaften existiert.
Neue orale Antikoagulanzien
Authors: Jahn Florentine
Published: August 2018

Nach dem Durcharbeiten dieses Beitrages sollten Sie in der Lage sein,
Computed Tomography and Biomechanical Comparison between Trans-Articular Screw Fixation and 2 Polymethylmethacrylate Cemented Constructs for Ventral Atlantoaxial Stabilization
Authors: Moens Noël , Gaitero Luis , zur Linden Alex , James Fiona , Monteith Gabrielle , Runciman Robert , Leblond Guillaume
Published: August 2018

Objectives Canine ventral atlantoaxial stabilization methods have been constantly evolving over the past few decades. Yet, proper experimental data comparing the feasibility and biomechanical properties of currently available surgical options are lacking. The aims of this study were (1) to describe and compare the safety profiles and biomechanical properties of three ventral atlantoaxial stabilization methods; and (2) to test whether recently reported optimal implant definitions constitute reasonable guidelines.

Methods Three types of atlantoaxial stabilization including trans-articular screw fixation (TSF) and two cemented constructs (MI5 and MI6) were performed in 21 Beagle cadavers. Post-surgical computed tomography (CT) images of the constructs and biomechanical data were then generated and statistically analysed.

Results The CT data revealed that TSF achieved significantly better apposition than cemented constructs. Out of 91 screws positioned, 4.4% were graded as dangerous and 86.8% as optimal. Optimal positioning was most challenging to obtain for mono-cortical screws. Analysis of biomechanical data suggested that all three techniques could likely achieve similar rates of atlantoaxial fusion when submitted to physiological loads but also that cemented constructs were less prone to failure compared with TSF.

Clinical Significance This study provides evidence that all three techniques are technically feasible and biomechanically viable but also that the evaluated surgical guidelines could be improved.
New Media, Technology and Neurology Education
Authors: Lakhan Shaheen , Achike Francis , Lau K.H.
Published: August 2018

The use of technology in neurology education has revolutionized many aspects of medical teaching, addressing some important challenges of modern education such as information overload and the unique needs of millennial learners. However, it also has inherent problems, such as depersonalization and high development costs. Due to the heterogeneity of different applications, it is difficult to establish general principles to guide front line educators, but it may be possible to describe “minimum” best practice elements. In this article, we examine commonalities of some of the most successful uses of technology in neurology education. We suggest the following for effective application of technology: (1) match technology to predetermined educational objectives, (2) characterize learners in relationship to technology, (3) optimize how technological components fit into the learning environment, (4) monitor and manage learner engagement with technology, (5) perform cost analyses, and (6) explore opportunities for educational scholarship and research.
Promoting Careers in Neurology: Mentorship of Medical Students
Authors: Zuzuarregui José-Rafael , Wu Connie , Hohler Anna
Published: August 2018

Research in neurological disorders is expanding at a phenomenal pace, and the need for neurologists is increasing as the population ages. This results in a critical requirement for medical students entering the neurology pipeline. Mentoring, whether formal or informal, ensures that students are inspired and supported to enter the field of neurology. Students should also receive structured mentoring throughout their longitudinal curriculum. Informal mentoring programs enable expanded opportunities for collaborations in education, research, and outreach. Faculty, residents, fellow medical students, and other health professionals all participate in medical student mentoring. Each relationship offers unique aspects to individual growth and development. Specific programmatic guidance and mentoring qualities are presented in this paper.
Phacomatosis Pigmentokeratotica
Authors: Strano Serena , Polizzi Agata , Ruggieri Martino , Garozzo Maria , Mendola Flavia , Marino Simona , Pirrone Concetta , Zanghì Antonio , Lacarrubba Francesco , Micali Giuseppe , Schepis Carmelo , Praticò Elena , Praticò Andrea
Published: August 2018

In the group of the epidermal nevus syndromes, Happle defined in 1996 a separate entity characterized by the presence of an organoid epidermal nevus, sometimes showing sebaceous differentiation, and a speckled lentiginous nevus of the papular type, occasionally associated with extracutaneous anomalies including neurological, ophthalmological, and skeletal abnormalities. In particular, the syndrome is associated with mental retardation, epilepsy, deafness, hemiatrophy, dysesthesia, and hyperhidrosis, strabismus, lipodermoid of conjunctiva, coloboma and ptosis, and kyphosis, scoliosis, limb asymmetry, and hypertrophy. Rarely, hypertension, vascular abnormalities, atrioventricular block, hypophosphatemic rickets, and pheochromocytoma may occur. The organoid nevus follows the lines of Blaschko whereas the speckled lentiginous nevus is arranged in a checkerboard pattern. For this syndrome, the term “Phacomatosis Pigmentokeratotica” has been coined and, at the present, it is considered a very rare clinical entity, with less than 20 cases reported in the literature. Recent genetic findings have included this syndrome in the group of the mosaic RASopathies, after the discovery of mutations in the HRAS gene occurring in both sebaceous and vascular nevi, but not in nonaffected tissues.
Phacomatosis Pigmentovascularis
Authors: Strano Serena , Polizzi Agata , Garozzo Maria , Pirrone Concetta , Zanghì Antonio , Schepis Carmelo , Lacarrubba Francesco , Dinotta Franco , Salafia Stefania , Ruggieri Martino , Micali Giuseppe , Praticò Andrea
Published: August 2018

The coexistence of a widespread vascular nevus and an extensive pigmentary nevus is defined as “phacomatosis pigmentovascularis” (PPV). More than 250 (sporadic) cases of PPV have been so far reported, mainly in Asian or Asian-related populations: mutations in genes related to angiogenic pathways (RAS, MAPK, mTOR, PI3K/AKT, and GNAQ) have been recently identified as the causes of this complex phenotype. In many cases, mutations in two different genes may coexist, representing the classical example of “twin spotting” phenomenon. PPV is usually associated with several extracutaneous anomalies including ocular manifestations (melanosis bulbi, glaucoma, iris mammillations, megalocornea, buphthalmos, strabismus, and hyperpigmentation of the conjunctiva, sclera, episclera, iris, trabecular meshwork, and choroid) and musculoskeletal alterations (limb hypertrophy, Klippel–Trenaunay type abnormalities, hemifacial hypertrophy, hemicorporal hypertrophy, macrocephaly, microcephaly, and scoliosis). Central nervous system anomalies have been reported in most of the patients and include seizure, cognitive delay, cerebral atrophy, hydrocephalus, sensorineural deafness, and intracranial hypertension, as well as migraine, pseudotumor cerebri, and intracerebral vascular malformations. More rarely, PPV has been associated with structural and/or vascular renal anomalies, hepatosplenomegaly, pyogenic granuloma, cavernous hemangioma, portal hypertension, umbilical hernia, hypoplasia of leg veins, and hypo- or hyperactivity of the immune system.
Ischemic Complications after Liver Transplantation
Authors: Montenovo Martin , Ingraham Christopher
Published: August 2018

Despite major advances in the field of liver transplantation over the past few decades with both increased graft and patient survival, biliary complications still occur in many patients after liver transplantation. Complications can range from a biliary leak or biloma to strictures most commonly involving the surgical anastomosis, or elsewhere in the biliary tree. Etiologies of these complications include surgical technique, rejection, complications secondary to infection, and vascular complications causing ischemia of the bile ducts. Biliary complications, particularly biliary ischemia, can cause significant morbidity to the patient, and may require multiple endoscopic, endovascular, or percutaneous therapies for successful treatment, or even retransplantation in severe cases. This review will provide an overview of common biliary complications with a focus on biliary ischemia.
Endovascular Treatment of a Giant Dissecting Aneurysm in an Infant
Authors: Gatto Luana , Barro Adriel , Tacla Rafaella , Demartini Zeferino , Koppe Gelson
Published: August 2018

Introduction The incidence of intracranial aneurysms in the pediatric population is low, and endovascular treatment is becoming a safe and minimally invasive treatment option. In the present study, the occurrence of special features of cerebral aneurysm in children, in comparison to adults, is also described.

Case Report A 3-month-old female infant presented with progressive proptosis and divergent strabismus at the right eye, in addition to inconsolable crying. Cerebral resonance, angiotomography and angiography exams demonstrated angiodysplasia in the right internal carotid artery with two large paraclinoid dissecting aneurysms with wide neck. The right internal carotid artery was occluded with coils by endovascular approach, without detriment to the perfusion of the ipsilateral hemisphere and without neurological deficits. The patient achieved good recovery, and a late control angiotomography confirmed the exclusion of the aneurysms.

Conclusion Parent artery sacrifice via endovascular approach is an effective therapeutic option, but a long-term follow-up is necessary to avoid recurrence and bleeding.
Middle Aortic Syndrome: Pathogenesis, Visceral Manifestations, and Management
Authors: Morray Brian , Zhao Yongdong , Smith Caitlin , Monroe Eric
Published: August 2018

Middle aortic syndrome (MAS) is characterized by severe narrowing of the abdominal aorta, frequently involving the great abdominal vessels. Although increasingly implicated in primary hypertension, up to one-third of cases affect the mesenteric vasculature, and the resultant manifestations may be underrecognized. Early intervention with interdisciplinary medical management and invasive arterial reconstruction affords preservation of end-organ function and improvement in patient survival. This article reviews the embryology of the thoracoabdominal aorta and major abdominal arteries, as well as the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and management of the nonatherosclerotic abdominal coarctation otherwise known as MAS.