bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Survey on Image Caption Generation in Various Languages
Authors: Ibrahim Haneen serag , Shati Narjis Mezaal
Published: July 2024

The image caption is the process of adding an explicit, coherent description to the contents of the image. This is done by using the latest deep learning techniques, which include computer vision and natural language processing, to understand the contents of the image and give it an appropriate caption. Multiple datasets suitable for many applications have been proposed. The biggest challenge for researchers with natural language processing is that the datasets are incompatible with all languages. The researchers worked on translating the most famous English data sets with Google Translate to understand the content of the images in their mother tongue. In this paper, the proposed review aims to enhance the understanding of image captioning strategies and to survey previous research related to image captioning while examining the most popular databases in different languages, mostly English, translating into other languages using the latest models for describing images, summarizing evaluation measures, and comparing them.
Diversity of Hard Ticks (Acari, Ixodidae) Infestion in Arabian Camel in Iraq
Authors: Hadi Afkar M. , Makawi Zainab A.
Published: July 2024

A total of 1346 hard ticks (863♂ and 483 ♀) infested 104 camels, 60 alive camels with 93.33%  infestation rate and 44 carcasses of camels had 79.54% infestation rate The total infestation rate was 87.5 %.
The current study results revealed ten species of hard ticks family Ixodidae Koch, 1844 related to genus Hyalomma as following: H. dromedarii Koch, 1844, H. schulzii Morel, 1969, H. turanicum Pomerantsev, 1946, H.  excavatum Koch, 1844, H. truncatum Koch, 1844, H. scupense Schulzii, 1919, H. marginatum Koch, 1844, H. anatolicum Koch, 1844, H. rufipes Koch, 1844, H. impeltatum Schulze & Schlottke, 1930 from camel Camelus dromedarius Linnaeus, 1758 collected from 21 regions belonging to six provinces in middle, west and south of Iraq where camels were bred in abundance. According to the current results, camels are considered a new host for three species of genus Hyalomma: H. truncatum, H. marginatum rufipes. These results may be of more importance as being the available data for risk topic about camels infested with hard ticks.
Nuevos registros de triatominos domiciliarios y extradomiciliarios en Colombia.
Authors: D´. Alessandro Antonio , Barreto Pablo , Thomas Mauricio
Published: July 2024

Se presenta información nueva sobre triatominos domiciliarios y extradomiciliarios en colombia, que complementa los datos ya conocidos. De las 17 especies de triatominos registrados, el R. prolixus es el vector biológico más importante de T. cruzi y T. rangeli para el hombre por ser especie domiciliaria, muy susceptible a los tripanosomas, y poseer corto periodo defecatorio post-prandial. El T. dimidiata y en menor grado T. maculata y T. venosa pueden jugar un papel en la transmisión intradomiciliaria. Las especies restantes son silvestres y responsables de la tripanosomiasis de animales. Se informa el primer registro de Panstrongylus lignarius en Colombia. Las regiones Catatumbo, oriental- subregiones Piedemonte, Macarena y Meta cercano- y Valle del Río Magdalena son las áreas más endémicas de T. Cruzi debido a la presencia de colonias domiciliarias de R. prolixus. Se informa el hallazgo de R. prolixus silvestre. La captura de adultos alados de esta especie en asas sin infección chagásica sugiere falta de transmisión domiciliaria.
Alternativas farmacológicas a las transfusiones de sangre y componentes
Authors: Cortés B. Armando
Published: July 2024

Con la conciencia actual sobre los riesgos de las transfusiones, ha crecido el interés por sus alternativas farmacológicas. En esta revisión algunas se han evaluado en diversas situaciones clínicas y además, se resume su uso actual y varias de sus aplicaciones futuras. Se describe el uso de factores de crecimiento como la eritropoyetina, la reducción del sangrado perioperatorio con desmopresina, aprotinina, prosterenol y diprodamol, entre otros, así como la terapia con factores sintéticos de la coagulación en ciertas deficiencias congénitas y en sustitución de la sangre.
Tratamiento con electrocauterización de las lesiones premalignas del cérvix
Authors: Meza G Israel
Published: July 2024

Se presentaron los resultados del tratamiento con electrocauterización de las neoplasias intraepiteliales del cérvix en 430 pacientes atendidas en el Hospital Universitario del Valle, en el Hospital San Juan de Dios y en el Centro Hospital Cañaveralejo en Cali, Colombia, entre 1982 y 1992. Inicialmente se seleccionaron 455 mujeres que consultaron con citologías anormales (inclusive Papanicolau II) con cambios coilocíticos y atipias inflamatorias. Para el análisis final sólo se incluyeron 430 pacientes. A todas se les practicó colposcopia y biopsia dirigida y se confirmaba el diagnóstico de neoplasia intraepitelial del cérvix. Se hizo seguimiento con citología y colposcopia. Se obtuvo una respuesta global de 90.1% al primer tratamiento, respuesta que aumenta a 96.8% cuando se incluyeron las pacientes que respondieron a un segundo tratamiento. Se discuten las ventajas y desventajas del método con respeto a otros métodos existentes.
Prácticas de salud y su relación con las características sociofamiliares de estudiantes de medicina. Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, 1994
Authors: Magallanes Jesús J. , León Vaca Adolfo , Arias Liliana , Herrera Julián A.
Published: July 2024

Para determinar la relación entre las características sociodemográficas y de funcionalidad familar con las prácticas de salud del estudiante de medicina de la Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, se realizó un estudio descriptivo en 1994. La muestra incluyó 349 estudiantes, en los que se analizaron sus prácticas de salud respecto a acciones preventivas, hábitos nocivos y hábitos personales. La evalción de la funcionalidad familiar, mostró disfución en 66% de los estudiantes; en niveles inadecuados, de acuerdo con los parámetros mínimos establecidos estaba el control médico, la citología vaginal, nutrición, ejercicio, recreación, pertenencia de grupo y mostraron asociación estadísticamente significativa con las prácticas de salud fueron: semestre, edad, sexo, estraco socioeconómico y escolaridad de los padres (p<0.05). Los resultados observados, sugieren que los estudiantes de medicina no asumen en niveles adecuados, su papel como ejemplo de salud. Sin embarco, 42%, informaron predominio de prácticas de salud adecuadas; 58% mostraron predominio de hábitos de salud inadecuados, lo que justifica un programa preventivo de intervención hacia el autocuidado. En estos datos demueestran la necesidad de desarrollar estrategias para mejorar los hábitos de la salud del estudiante de medicina y poteger su futura salud, y luego beneficiar a sus pacientes y a la comunidad.
Implementing a teleradiology pilot system in Medellín, Colombia.
Authors: García Alvin , Isaza Juan Felipe , Zapata Uriel , Roldán Samuel
Published: July 2024

Objective: To implement a teleradiology pilot system in Medellín city using software for remote access, this allows the communication and interpretation of biomedical images at distance. Materials and methods: Images from different magnetic resonance and computed tomography studies stored in DICOM format were used. Data were transmitted in a point-to-point network using an integrated services digital network (ISDN) line between two radiological diagnostic centers. The system was developed under PC Intel’s x86 architecture, with Windows® 2000 as the operating system. Results: In order to read and visualize images stored in DICOM format, a Java application with functions that allow their manipulation and the option to export them to other formats such as JPEG, TIFF and BMP was developed. Conclusion: The system allows a clinically reliable diagnostic and remote interpretation for modalities such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) images, with acceptable response times.
Congenital toxoplasmosis: Clinical and epidemiological aspects of the infection during pregnancy.
Authors: Rosso Fernando , Agudelo Alejandro , Isaza Ángela , Montoya José Gilberto
Published: July 2024

We present an updated review on toxoplasmosis during the pregnancy and its more feared outcome, the damage to the fetus and the newborn. The scope of this review is to summarize current and important epidemiological and clinical aspects concerning this disease. Several new parasitological and epidemiological concepts are reviewed, as well as the clinical presentation of the perinatal infection. In addition, we discussed current diagnostic approaches and treatment of the pregnant woman, fetus and newborn. Recent controversies on the different strategies for primary and secondary prevention of toxoplasmosis during the pregnancy are also discussed.
The chaotic world of the nursing program director.
Authors: Seago Jean Ann , Alvarado Andrew , Grumbach Kevin
Published: July 2024

Aim: The environment of the nursing program dean or director within a community college or state university can be politically, fiscally, and emotionally challenging. There are few studies that investigate that environment. The purpose of this study was to describe the major barriers and incentives facing these nursing deans or directors as they implemented their proposed interventions related to the Central Valley Nursing Diversity Project. Additionally, we sought to identify successful strategies used to keep the programs competitive for resources and status within their institutions and within their local communities. Methodology: The study is descriptive; the data collection method was structured interviews and data were analyzed using content analysis. Findings: Findings indicate that among the most difficult barriers faced by the directors and the faculty was the over subscribed status (more applicants than positions) of the programs. The deans or directors described three significant points that acted as barriers. These were 1) limited space in science laboratory pre-requisite courses, 2) limited classroom space in nursing courses, and 3) limited space in clinical (hospital) sites. The largest single external pressure reported was the reduction in funding and all deans or directors indicated they had difficulty hiring qualified or credentialed faculty. Conclusion: Colleges must manage more effectively student demand by modifying admissions criteria to be more selective and admit students with greater likelihood of graduating; encourage innovative partnerships between employers and schools of nursing; and increasing funding for nursing faculty salaries, classrooms, and laboratories.
Lived experiences of adolescents in dialysis: life with multiple loses.
Authors: Morales Liliana Cristina , Castillo Edelmira
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Terminal renal failure affects all aspects of the person’s life. The impact of this illness during the adolescence is quite dramatic since the adolescent must overcome the demands from the developmental stage and the illness situation. Knowledge about the illness impact on the adolescents´life is scarce; as a contribution to increasing this knowledge, a study was done to describe the lived experiences of adolescents in dialysis. Methodology: The study is qualitative; the methodological strategy used was interpretive phenomenolgy based on Heidegger´s phylosophy. Findings: Adolescents in dialysis experienced losses in their everyday life, especially as students; they also experienced loss of their independence, their previous body image and their desirable body image. The imposed and rigid timetables for the pharmacological treatment and dialysis procedure, the dialysis catheter and the diet restrictions are the main causes of their losses. Peer relationships deteriorated due to the social isolation the adolescents imposed on themselves as a way to cope with the losses. Renal transplant is perceived as a mean to recover all they have lost. Conclusion: Knowledge generated by this study would contribute to provide health care more congruent with the adolescents’ everyday needs.
Spirituality and resilience in battered women that denounce intimate partner violence.
Authors: Canaval Gladys Eugenia , González Martha Cecilia , Sánchez María Oliva
Published: July 2024

Introduction: To understand resilience and spirituality of battered women and the relationship between the two variables help to know better about the human response to partner violence against woman. Conceptual model used for this research is based on symptom management model. Research question was: What is the level of spirituality and resilience that battered women have and how those variables are related? Objective: General: To examine the relationship between spirituality and resilience in battered women that expose their situation in «Comisarías de Familia» (Police Commissioner) of Cali city, Colombia. Specific: 1.To identify the level of spirituality and resilience of battered women. 2. To establish if there is a relation between spirituality and resilience in battered women.Methodology: The research design was correlational and cross-sectional; the sample was composed of 100 women that went to «Comisarías de Familia» to expose their partner violence situation in Cali, Colombia. Instruments applied were resilience scale (RS), and the spiritual perspective scale (SPS). Results: Age of women varies between 18 and 65 years old, age mean was 36.5+10.4. The mean of the scales was 4.8+0.48 for spirituality and for resiliency (mean of the total sum) was 143.3+19.07. Pearson correlation between spirituality and resilience was r=0.301 (p=0.004). Discussion: Findings were similar to those reported by literature about those variables. Spirituality and resilience are different but related phenomena. This paper proposes that nurses play an important role encouraging women to express their spiritual believes and practices. Conclusion: Spirituality and resilience were high. It is important to assess resilience and spirituality in women as well as the external resources that help battered women to increase their strengths.
Genetic diversity in human populations of two regions from Colombia.
Authors: Rondón Fernando , Osorio Julio César , Peña Ángela Viviana , Garcés Héctor Andrés , Barreto Guillermo
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Preliminary studies have showed close relations among southwest human populations and Andean region leaving it consequences in ethnic admixe process. However, this wide process of racial admixture today it is not exist sufficient information to define structure and genetic diversity for each region and Colombian population in general. Objectives: The principal goal from this study was to determinate the genetic structure and diversity present into human populations from Andean and Southwest Colombia regions. Methods: This study was realized by characterization allelic frequencies of 12 autosomal STR’s and six RFLP’s of mtDNA presents in 472 individuals from three ethnics groups: Caucasoids, Afroamericans and Amerindians. Results: mtDNA haplotypes presents in Afrodescends sample was 15% and 43% typical Amerindian and African markers respectively; the genetics diversity analysis shows a value of 0.72 in Pijao indigenous, these values are close to diversity index of mestizos from Cali (0.75). AMOVA of allelic frequencies from 12 STR’s shows that genetic structures don’t was significatively different (FST de 0.032); in addition it’s to exhibit high endogamy in mestizos from Caldas sample (0.43) and Coyaima indigenous (0.34). Conclusions: was established genetic structure for southwest Colombian population. Additionally, the results confirm the mixing process and the genetics flow among many populations groups from Andean and southwest Colombia regions.
Ocular burns in an ophthalmology referral center in Santiago de Cali, Colombia.
Authors: Ocampo Hugo Hernán , Contreras Juan Camilo , Martínez Alexander , Amaya César Augusto , Bonilla Escobar Francisco Javier
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Ocular burns are a public health problem due to the little conscience about ocular protection, the morbility and the severity of the sequelae that present. The objective is to characterize intentional and no intentional ocular burns of patients that entered to the Ophthalmology Service of the Hospital Universitario del Valle (SO-HUV). Methodology: A series of cases of 330 clinical charts of patients with ocular burn diagnosis that entered to the Ophthalmology Service of the HUV, between January 2005 and December 2006 were reviewed. The statistical analysis was made in Epi2000. Results: 249 patients were presented with 342 affected eyes; most of the population was between 19 and 45 years, with a mean of 28 (SD±16.6). The men: women ratio was 2:1. The burns due to no intentional injuries were 97.2% and due to intentional injuries 2.8%. The 50.2% of the burns occurred in home and 39.4% in the work environment. The lesions caused by chemicals were 62.7%, by thermal 28.9%, and by ultraviolet radiation the 7.6%. The proper manage to each type of burn, was carried out, and referred improvement 97.7% of the patients that assisted to control appointments. The most common sequels were the decrease of visual acuity in 25 patients (10%) and corneal scar in 7 patients (2.8%); the main cause was chemicals. Conclusions: Ocular burns are mostly produced by preventable injuries that can be reduced through promotion and prevention programs.
Policy Brief No. 6. Gestión comunitaria de residuos sólidos como fuente de ingresos en barrios populares
Authors: Muñoz Chávez Anyi Milena , Cárdenas Cleves Lina Marcela , Marmolejo Rebellón Luis Fernando , Franco Calderón Ángela María
Published: July 2024

Tradicionalmente los programas de mejoramiento integral del hábitat se han enfocado en la construcción de infraestructura de servicios básicos, pero han descuidado aspectos claves como la generación de ingresos a partir de procesos solidarios propios de los barrios populares autoconstruidos. Este Policy Brief sostiene que la gestión comunitaria de residuos sólidos a partir de estrategias de Basura Cero puede constituirse en una opción importante para el sustento económico en los barrios populares y propone una serie de recomendaciones en ese sentido. Es importante destacar que Basura Cero no solo se entiende como una estrategia para mejorar los ingresos, sino también como un medio para reducir impactos en la salud y el ambiente asociados al manejo inadecuado de los residuos. Este enfoque también permite hacer aportes encaminados a promover la transición hacia modelos de economía circular que contribuyan a fortalecer los tejidos sociales en barrios donde la solidaridad y el apoyo mutuo han sido claves para adelantar proyectos individuales y colectivos.
Policy Brief No. 7. Accessibility in popular neighbourhoods for caregivers and people with functional diversity
Authors: García-Moreno Lina M. , Gallego Méndez Jorge , Ortiz Arciniegas Catalina , Murillo-Hoyos Jackeline , Jaramillo Molina Ciro
Published: July 2024

Mobility limitations in popular neighbourhoods are mainly related to the availability of adquate physical infrastructure. However, it is important to recognise that these limitations extend beyond infrastructure, and involve socio-economic conditions, daily life routines, people's rights and responsibilities, as well as multiple dimensions of identity. The most significant accessibility challenges to mobility infrastructure are faced by the population with functional diversity and people engaged in caregiving activities, predominantly women. This population has more complex travel routes, higher levels of immobility, interdependant relationships, different time issues, and limitd compensation. This Policy Brief offers a set of public policy recommendations and a conceptual framework for decision-makers, consultants and researchers to articulte spatial accessibility from an integrative perspective. It takes into account the identities of residents and emphasises the role of caregiving mobility in promoting inclusive mobility.
Semiotic Analysis of language in David Henry Hwang's FOB
Authors: Rasheed Lamiaa Ahmed
Published: July 2024

The current paper attempts to do a semiotic analysis of the play Fresh off the Boat abbreviated as  FOB by prominent Asian-American playwright David Henry Hwang. FOB talks about the complex cultural identities and experiences of first-generation Asian immigrants and their American-born children. Adapting Ronal Barth’s semiotics as the theoretical framework, the study explores how Hwang employs various linguistic, visual, and performative signifiers to construct and deconstruct notions of "Asianness," assimilation, the difficulties of belonging, and cultural hybridity. The play revolves around a meet-up that is filled with downsizing fresh comers to America leaving the characters in limbo which is between either settling for the host culture or maintaining their previous culture, a battle between acceptance and resistance that is full of symbolic meanings. The analysis focuses on how the play's title, character names, dialogue, stage directions, and symbolic props function as semiotic signs that convey deeper sociocultural meanings. It analyzes how these theatrical elements either reinforce or subvert stereotypical representations of Asian Americans, highlighting the characters' struggles to navigate their bicultural identities.
Self-medication in students of the medical school of a university in northern Peru 2023
Authors: Sánchez Chamba Estefany ,   Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo, Santamaría Veliz Olivia , Huanambal Esquén Pamela , Suclupe Farro Erick ,   Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo,   Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo,   Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo
Published: July 2024

Objective: Describe self-medication and its relationship with sociodemographic characteristics in students of the medical school of a university in northern Peru 2023. Methodology: An observational, cross-sectional and prospective design was used with 301 participants, using the CAuM-ovr questionnaire to collect data. Results: 83.4% of the students self-medicated. The bivariate analysis revealed that belonging to medical school significantly increased the probability of self-medication (p=0.0001, OR=26.4), as did having a salary greater than 1,500 soles (p=0.01, OR=2.26). The main reasons included symptoms not considered serious enough to see a doctor (39%). Regarding the level of knowledge, a high percentage (94.8%) did not request information about medications and 94% believed in the influence of advertising on their purchasing decisions. Attitudinally, 60.6% occasionally consulted a specialist for health problems, while 58.6% bought medications recommended by advertising. Conclusion: The frequency of self-medication is high among these students, which indicates a continuous risk practice despite their health training.
Quality of Life in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Cadenillas-Maguiña Nicole ,   DE JESUS UROMEDIC-Centro Especializado en Urología, Barranca, Región Lima-Perú, Rosas-Castillo Mayra , Esperanza Morillas Marisa , Souza de Santana Carvalho Evanilda , Ochoa Vigo Kattia ,   DE JESUS UROMEDIC-Centro Especializado en Urología, Barranca, Región Lima-Perú,   Universidad Nacional de Barranca, Barranca, Región Lima-Perú,   Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia-Brasil,   Universidad Nacional de Barranca
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Americas affects approximately 62 million people, recognized as the most common chronic disease in the countries. It is estimated that by 2030, population growth, aging, urbanization and changes in lifestyles will lead to a 54% increase in diabetes, with a significant impact on quality of life. Objective: Determine the level of quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, Province of Barranca, Lima-Peru Region. Methods: Observational study and descriptive design. The population was 242 patients attending a public hospital, in the province of Barranca, with a random sample of 144 patients. Data collection was carried out in the second quarter of 2021, through interviews using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out with SPSS v.24 software. Results: 69% of patients were women, aged between 40-64 years and an average of 58 years. The quality of life was of a medium level (86%), with the social dimension being valued at a high level (74%), while the physical dimension was valued at a low level (64%). When analyzed by sex, an average quality of life predominated in both, and when grouped by age, those over 65 years of age rated a low quality of life (29%). Conclusions: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus presented a medium-level quality of life, with the physical dimension valued at a low level, while the psychological and environmental dimensions showed a medium level.
Impact of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in Acral Lentiginous melanoma
Authors: Alburqueque-Melgarejo Joseph ,   Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú., Aguirre Coronado Martha Eugenia , Beltrán Gárate Brady ,   Hospital de emergencias Jose Casimiro Ulloa, Lima, Perú,   Instituto de investigaciones en ciencias Biomédicas. Facultad de medicina humana. Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, Perú
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) is the fourth type of cutaneous melanoma and is the most common subtype in some countries in Latin America and Asia. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an inflammatory marker that has been shown to be useful as a prognostic tool in several malignant neoplasms. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate whether NLR has prognostic value in ALM. A retrospective study was conducted that included patients with ALM between 2010 and 2015. Methods: An observational, analytical and retrospective cohort design was used. We worked with a total population of 69 patients with the diagnosis of acral lentiginous melanoma. For the statistical analysis, the SPSS statistical package version 26 was used. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional regression models were performed. Results: A total of 69 patients with ALM were included. The median age was 68 years, with a predominance of females (55%). Most patients had T4 (34%), lymph node involvement (57.1%), and Clark III (34.4%). In univariate analysis, Clark level III/IV, anaplasia, lymphocytic infiltration, stage III-IV, and NLR were associated with prognoses. In the multivariate analysis, NLR >3.5 (HR 3.9, 95% CI 1.5-10.3, p=0.005) and Clark level III-IV (HR 3.5, 95% CI 1.6-7.8, p= 0.002) were associated with poor overall survival (OS). Conclusions: NLR is an independent prognostic factor for survival in ALM.
CT-guided steroid injections for the diagnosis and management of piriformis syndrome
Authors: Dharmadhikari Rahul , Pursun Yash , Smith Christian , Verrinder Amy , Malviya Ajay
Published: July 2024

Objectives:

Piriformis syndrome (PS) is an extra-spinal tunnel neuropathy affecting the sciatic nerve. While typically diagnosed clinically, with confirmation through exclusion of other conditions, accurate diagnosis remains challenging. This study assesses the clinical outcomes of computed tomography (CT)-guided corticosteroid injection for suspected PS, considering its potential role as both a diagnostic and a therapeutic intervention.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted a retrospective review of 32 patients suspected to have PS, based on clinical presentation and examination findings, who underwent CT-guided steroid injections between July 2013 and February 2020. Effectiveness was evaluated qualitatively through clinic letters from patient reviews with a mean follow-up of 5 months (range 3–7)

Results:

Thirty-two patients received 44 injections. The cohort had an average age of 45 years, with many being physically active. Initial follow-up showed that 56% experienced pain relief, though 16% of these cases were short-lived. About 19% reported partial benefit, while 31% reported no improvement. Repeat injections were performed on nine patients, with some undergoing up to two repeat procedures. About 47% of patients were discharged following injections, repeats, or surgery, while 53% required further specialist input.

Conclusion:

CT-guided corticosteroid injections appear to be a valuable management tool for diagnosis and treatment of PS, particularly when conservative management fails. However, the long-term benefits are inconsistent, highlighting the need for a more standardized treatment pathway. Given the high degree of diagnostic uncertainty and lack of accurate diagnostic tools for PS, we propose the use of local anesthetic and steroid injections as a diagnostic approach, as well as a management option.
Understanding the relevance of immunological markers in severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children through machine learning
Authors: Yadav Reetika Malik , Gupta Rahul , Desai Nidhi , Desai Sneha Sawant , Gowri Vijaya , Shobhavat Lakshmi , Gupta Maya , Bargir Umair Ahmad , Jodhawat Neha , Surve Suchitra , Chandrashekhar Sudha , Madkaikar Manisha
Published: July 2024

Objectives:

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a late manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which presents with symptoms ranging from milder mucocutaneous and gastrointestinal symptoms to severe cardiovascular and neurological manifestations. We studied the clinical, biochemical, hematological, and immunological characteristics of MIS-C patients to understand this disease entity and to identify markers of severe disease.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty-four MIS-C patients, four acute COVID-19 infections, and ten healthy controls (HC) from a tertiary care pediatric hospital in Mumbai were enrolled in the study. Clinical, biochemical, hematological, and immunological parameters comprising major lymphocyte, neutrophil, and monocyte subpopulations and key activator and inhibitory markers were studied.

Statistical Analysis:

All parameters were compared between the healthy, COVID and MIS-C groups at Day 0, 7 and 14 using non-parametric statistical tests. Machine learning tools were used for multivariate data analysis to identify the immunological parameters that could help predict severe disease.

Results:

NKp46pos NK cell (%), CD11 positive eosinophil (%), D-dimer, and Tim3pos Tc (%) were identified as the most important markers that could help predict severe disease, with NKp46pos NK cells as the top contributor. A disease severity metric utilizing these markers can be used to identify patients who are likely to have a severe course of disease.

Conclusions:

NK cells directly contribute to disease severity in MIS-C. As the JAK-STAT pathway is known to be important for NK cell development, maturation, and function, ruxolitinib, which is a JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor, might be beneficial in the management of this condition.
Sports values in physical education for students: moral, competence, and status values
Authors: Yaumulhak Affan , Ma'mun Amung , Hambali Burhan , Syarifatunnisa  , Anira
Published: July 2024

Background: Sports values arise because of sports activities. These values have a positive impact on personal development. If physical education at school incorporates sports values, it becomes extremely significant. Research Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of sports values in physical education. Methods: This research employed a quantitative descriptive method and was conducted at a high school in Bandung City. The participants were all school students, totaling 425 students, consisting of 193 male and 232 female students aged 15–17 years. The students completed the questionnaire in approximately 15 minutes. The study used a questionnaire to measure physical education sports values, specifically the Youth Sport Values Questionnaire-2 (YSVQ-2). Data analysis was performed using the SPSS program. We conducted statistical analysis and additional testing to investigate differences in the obtained means. Findings/Results: The research findings highlight a substantial disparity in average scores among sports values, with moral values emerging as the highest. This underscores the pivotal role of physical education in fostering moral development, achieved through active participation in game scenarios and facilitated by appropriate teaching methodologies. However, the successful internalisation of sports values and the holistic development of students extend beyond the confines of the classroom, involving significant contributions from parents and the broader environment. These external factors play a crucial role in shaping students' personalities, both within and outside the school environment. Conclusion: Future research endeavours should focus on designing and implementing structured and systematic sports values programmes to further enhance our understanding and implementation of sports values in physical education. These programmes should provide students with tangible opportunities to objectively observe and engage with sports values, thereby fostering their integration into both educational settings and the wider community.
Increasing cognitive learning and sports massage skills through a project-based blended learning model
Authors: Tisna MS Gede Doddy , Suwiwa I Gede , Yoda I Ketut , Kusuma Ketut Chandra Adinata
Published: July 2024

Background: Low achievement and poor learning skills among current students. Research Objectives: This research analysed the project-based blended learning model on cognitive learning achievement and sports massage skills. Methods: This research is a quasi-experiment. The population was 9 classes (180 students) in the Department of Physical Education. There were 4 classes (80 students) of the samples in this study. A random sampling technique was utilised in this study. A post-test-only control group design was used. Learning achievement was measured by multiple-choice tests, and the skills were measured by a massage skills test. The data were analysed using MANCOVA with SPSS at a 5% significance level. Finding/Results: The research finding showed that (1) there was a difference in massage learning achievement and massage skills between students who studied with project-based blended learning assisted by interactive multimedia and those with direct instruction with a significance number of 0.001 which is smaller than 0.05, (2) there was a difference in massage learning achievement between students who studied with project-based blended learning assisted by interactive multimedia and those with direct instruction, with a value of F = 8.400 and (3) there was a difference in massage skills between students who studied with project-based blended learning assisted with interactive multimedia and those with direct instruction, with a value of F = 13.817. Conclusion: It can be summarised that the project-based blended learning model could improve learning achievement and massage skills. The level of digital literacy has not been considered in this research; it is recommended that future research pay attention to this variable.
Ready for transition: understanding the experiences of student-athletes’ participation in intercollegiate sports
Authors: Gayatgay Noe , Longakit Jet C. , Asuncion Sasha Blanche , Aliser Johnlenon
Published: July 2024

Background: Various studies have examined the transitional experiences of student-athletes from specific sports; however, there is a scant amount of literature analysing how student-athletes dealt with the transition from high school to intercollegiate sports participation in the Philippine context. Research Objective: This study aims to examine the transition of student-athletes from high school to intercollegiate sports participation. Methods: This study explored the beneficial experiences of six athletes at the MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology in the transition from high school to intercollegiate sports participation. The study used an explanatory, descriptive qualitative design with data obtained through semi-structured interviews. Finding/Result: The results of the study found challenges in managing the transition: focus and commitment, and the coach-athlete relationship. Additionally, this study has identified a support system that has had a significant impact on their overall athletic performance: it increases motivation and boosts morale. The study found the differences between the transitions in terms of training, dealing with coaches, and working with fellow athletes; the effect of the transition on the overall performance of student-athletes; the support system from different people and organisations; and the impact of the support system on the arrangements of student-athletes. The study’s results emphasise the importance of support systems in mitigating the challenges experienced in the transition from high school to intercollegiate sports participation. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the transition and support systems have a substantial influence on the development of athletes. The findings showed that the participants exhibited a preference for prioritising their academic pursuits over attempting to balance academic and sports careers. This study provides quality results that could help the university develop its sports programme.
RESOURCE VOLUME OPTIMIZATION OF LANGUAGE IDENTIFIERS FOR THE ACCOUNT OF METHODS AND IDENTIFICATION ALGORITHMS
Authors: Калегин С.Н.
Published: July 2024

Данная статья является продолжением серии публикаций автора по тематике языковой идентификации текстов. Рассматривается возможность оптимизации ресурсоёмкости программ и систем для определения языковой принадлежности информационных блоков за счёт модификации идентификационных и результатирующих алгоритмов, а также подбора способов языковой идентификации. Это позволяет существенно повысить их эффективность и произвести расчёт требований к ресурсам на стадии проектирования подобных программных решений, что значительно сокращает время их разработки и отладки. Также приводятся: классификация способов языковой идентификации, их сравнительная таблица, блок-схемы и градации соответствующих алгоритмов. Работа будет интересна специалистам в области компьютерной лингвистики и разработчикам автоматизированных комплексов обработки неструктурированных данных, как например: системы глобального мониторинга, информационно-поисковые системы, каталогизаторы литературы, системы автоматического реферирования документов, автоматизированные переводчики текстов и т.д.

This article is a continuation of the author's series of publications on the topic of text’s language identification. Here is considered the possibility of optimizing the resource capacity of programs and systems for language identification of information blocks by modifying the identification and resultant algorithms, as well as the selection of language identification methods. This allows significantly increase their efficiency and to calculate the requirements for resources at the design stage of such software solutions, which significantly reduces the time of their development and debugging. Also given are: classification of language identification methods, their comparative table, block diagrams and gradations of the corresponding algorithms. The work will be of interest to specialists in the field of computer linguistics and developers of automated complexes for processing unstructured data, such as: global monitoring systems, information retrieval systems, literature cataloguer, automatic document abstracting systems, automated text translators, etc.
STUDY OF THE SMALL FLUCTUATIONS OF THE BODY TOCOMPLEX DESCSIDE IN FLOW OF THE AMBIENCE
Authors: Беляков Д.В.
Published: July 2024

Работа посвящена построению и исследованию математической модели тела сложной конфигурации, совершающего автоколебания в потоке квазистатической среды под действием аэродинамических сил. Установлено нарушение единственности при определении угла атаки в некоторых положениях тела. Построена зависимость угла атаки от фазовых переменных для определенной пластинки и указана граница области неоднозначности. Указано, что при определении угла атаки нужно исходить из его непрерывности. Проведено исследование устойчивости состояния покоя. Показано, что аэродинамические силы носят ускоряющий характер и в результате взаимодействия со средой рассматриваемое тело может совершать в потоке среды колебания с растущей амплитудой. Предложены программы, позволяющие проводить численные исследования для того, подтвердить найденные режимы и оценить адекватность предложенной модели.

The work is devoted to the construction and investigation of a mathematical model of a body of a complex configuration that performs auto-oscillations in the flow of a quasi-static medium under the action of aerodynamic forces. A violation of uniqueness is determined in determining the angle of attack in certain positions of the body. The dependence of the angle of attack on the phase variables for a particular plate is plotted and the boundary of the ambiguity region is indicated. It is indicated that in determining the angle of attack, one must proceed from its continuity. The stability of the state of rest is investigated. It is shown that the aerodynamic forces are of an accelerating nature and, as a result of interaction with the medium, the body under consideration can perform oscillations with a growing amplitude in the medium flow. Proposed programs that allow carrying out numerical studies in order to confirm the regimes found and evaluate the adequacy of the proposed model.
ON NUCLEAR CASCADE UTILIZATION OF LONG-LIVED RADIONUCLIDES
Authors: МОСЯЖ В.М. , ОСТРЕЦОВ И.Н.
Published: July 2024

Представлены результаты изучения множества барионных каналов фрагментации ядер 90 долгоживущих (с периодом полураспада > 15 лет) радионуклидов барионными частицами 2-го поколения ядерного каскада. Показано на примере первой сотни образующихся таким образом частиц (n, p, d, …, 24O), что при энергии первичного пучка протонов не менее 17 ГэВ может быть в полной мере реализован потенциал разрушения обозначенных ядер на два и более фрагментов, в том числе, с высвобождением энергии. К приемлемым результатам подобной утилизации относятся не только получение излишков электроэнергии, но и химических элементов со смещенными относительно природных пропорциями стабильных изотопов, а также летучих химических элементов, дальнейшее использование которых допустимо в установленном порядке без ограничений, накладываемых нормами и правилами радиационной безопасности.

The results of studying the set of baryon channels of fragmentation of nuclei of 90 longlived (with half-life > 15 yars) radionuclides by baryon particles of the 2nd generation of the nuclear cascade are presented. It is shown by the example of the first hundred particles formed in this way (n, p, d, …, 24O) that with the energy of the primary proton beam of at least 17 GeV, the potential for destruction of the designated nuclei by two or more fragments can be fully realized, including with the release of energy. Acceptable results of such utilization include not only the generation of surplus electricity, but also chemical elements with shifted relative natural proportions of stable isotopes, as well as volatile chemical elements, the further use of which is permissible in the prescribed manner without restrictions imposed by the norms and rules of radiation safety.
TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF MOBILE TELEPHONY IN RUSSIA IN 1991–2010
Authors: Мухин М.Ю.
Published: July 2024

Статья посвящена проблеме динамики стандартов мобильной телефонии в России в конце XX – начале XXI веков. На основе изученных материалов автор пришёл к выводу, что разработанные в СССР системы «Алтай» и «ВОЛЕМОТ» не были сотовыми в полном смысле этого слова, поэтому им даже теоретически было трудно конкурировать с сотовыми стандартами связи, которые пришли в нашу страну в 1990-е годы. С другой стороны, столь позднее развитие сотовой телефонии в России имело и свои положительные стороны. Так как сотовая связь первого поколения не успела получить широкого распространения, российская мобильная телефония «перепрыгнула» через этот этап, и быстро перешла к сотовым стандартам второго поколения. Столь же быстро в России была освоена и мобильная телефония поколения третьего.

The article is devoted to the problem of the dynamics of mobile telephony standards in Russia in the late XX – early XXI centuries. Based on the materials studied, the author came to the conclusion that the Altai and VOLEMOT systems developed in the USSR were not cellular in the full sense of the word, therefore it was even theoretically diffi cult for them to compete with cellular communication standards that came to our country in 1990-e years. On the other hand, such a late development of cellular telephony in Russia had its positive aspects. Since firstgeneration cellular communications did not have time to become widespread, Russian mobile telephony “jumped” over this stage and quickly moved on to second-generation cellular standards. The third generation mobile telephony was mastered just as quickly in Russia.
Dialectics of archaic in the contemporary musical art of Kazakhstan in the mirror of the ideas of Eurasianism (on the example of cello compositions of contemporary composers)
Authors: Раимкулова А.Р. , Джуманиязова Р.К.
Published: July 2024

Исследование посвящено претворению образов архаики в современных произведениях для виолончели композиторов Казахстана. Через анализ композиций А. Раимкуловой («Душа шамана»), С. Байтерекова («Outlines of tangible»), А. Ершовой («Shaman’s wires»), Т. Нильдикешева («Туманное течение грез») прослеживается связь между содержательной концепцией, выраженной в названии или ремарках композиторов, и композиционными приемами. Создаваемые композиторами конкретные (шаман, камлание) или обобщенные звуковые решения включают комплекс следующих специфических средств выразительности: архаичные тембры (этнозвукоидеал), современные технические приемы (спектральные, сонористические), в целом – опора на тембр как основное средство художественной выразительности и формообразования; тембровая мимикрия (чаще всего через переход «кобыз-виолончель»). Выявленные элементы музыкальной выразительности свойственны многим авангардным произведениям, содержание которых связано с гуманистическими и экологическими идеями, исследованиями универсальных духовных корней человечества, темами свободного перемещения человека по континенту (и шире – миру), гармонии человека с миром природы и обществом. Данный круг тем и идей, воплощенный через звукообразы кочевой культуры, предлагается обозначить понятием «евразийская неоархаика», предопределяющим как творческие установки композиторов, так и конкретные композиционные приемы, применяемые в произведениях.

The research is devoted to the transformation of archaic images in contemporary works of Kazakhstani composers for cello. Through analysis of the compositions by A. Raimkulova (The Soul of Shaman), S. Baiterekov (Outlines of tangible), A. Yershova (Shaman’s wires), T. Nildikeshev (Misty Dreams’ Flow) the connection between the content conception, expressed in the title or in the composer’s notes, and compositional techniques was traced. The concrete (shaman, ritual) or generalized sound images created by composers are characterized by such specifi c features as the connection of images of archaic sound (ethno sound) with modern techniques (spectral, sonoristic); timbre as the main mean of artistic expressiveness and form-building; timbre mimicry (most often through the transition "kobyz-cello"). Identified common features characterize many works of the avant-garde kind which embody the ideas of a humanistic, ecological nature, the search for common spiritual roots in the deep past of mankind, the idea of free travel across the continent (and wider – the world), people’s harmony with the nature, environment and society. Such content, embodied through the sound images of nomadic culture, is suggested to be generalized by the term "Eurasian neoarchaic" which characterizes both creative attitudes and specifi c compositional techniques.