bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fetal Sex, Glucose and Lipid Metabolism, and Perinatal Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Song Shuoning , Fu Yong , Dong Yingyue , Yuan Tao , Zhao Weigang
Published: August 2024

Aims
There were some studies reported inconsistent results on the associations between fetal sex and maternal metabolism. This study aimed to examine the effect of fetal sex on maternal glucose and lipid metabolism and perinatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy in Chinese population.
Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study including 134 women diagnosed as GDM. All of them accepted 100g oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) during 26–29 gestational week because of positive 50g glucose challenge test(GCT) and then had a regular follow-up. The clinical and laboratory data as well as perinatal outcomes were collected from Electronic Medical Record.
Results
Of 134 pregnant women with GDM, 64(47.76%) delivered a girl and 70(52.24%) delivered a boy. Homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) in women carrying a male fetus was significantly lower than in those carrying a female fetus [176(129.09,245.56) vs. 212(150.00,307.5), p = 0.029]. There was no difference between two groups in maternal lipid metabolism. Large-for-gestational-age(LGA) fetus was more likely to happen on male fetus (14.8% vs. 3.1%, p = 0.033), but there were no difference between two groups of the other perinatal outcomes. Higher maternal fasting blood glucose(OR 5.256, 95% CI 1.318,14.469) and lower HDL-C/LDL-C in women carrying male fetus suggested higher risk of LGA.
Conclusions
Women carrying a male fetus suggested decreased maternal β-cell function and increased percentage of LGA. The different management strategy of women with GDM between male and female fetus during pregnancy is necessary.
Speed Prediction and Nearby Road Impact Analysis Using Machine Learning and Ensemble of Explainable AI Techniques
Authors: Yoon Young , Nesa Meherun
Published: August 2024

Traffic speed prediction is an important topic in Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). Although traffic speed prediction for real-life applications is burgeoning, the study of explaining and interpreting AI-based speed prediction is still in its initial stage. In this paper, we applied multiple advanced regression techniques such as XGBoost and Catboost optimized gradient boosting, Random Forest, and LASSO to predict traffic speed more accurately in the subsequent time windows. The experiment with prediction methods was conducted using the traffic speed data of the Seoul metropolitan road network. Each road segment represented as a node in the network is associated with neighboring roads within a configurable range. We picked heavily congested nodes as prediction targets. Then, we evaluated nearby road influences to determine critical contributions to the situation of the target nodes. We interpreted the model's output and extracted the topmost influential neighboring nodes by using an ensemble of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) techniques such as feature importance assessment using the GINI entropy function, Recursive Feature Elimination, Shapely Additive Explanation, and a method of measuring the impact of masked nodes.We validated the XAI interpretations through traffic flow simulation by tuning the topmost influential nearby roads' speed and observing the effect on the roads' traffic congestion relief correspondingly. We also proved our solution through local explanation techniques such as Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations. Our methods are applicable to any transport network and open the door to new strategies for controlling the specific nearby roads for effective congestion relief.
Phase structure evolution and electric properties of PSN-PIN-PT ferroelectric ceramics near MPB
Authors: Wang Menghao , Fang Pinyang , Zuo Xiaoshuai , Guo Feifei , Long Wei , Li Xiaojuan , Xi Zengzhe
Published: August 2024

In order to explore the ceramic composition in the morphotropic phase boundary suitable for the high temperature electronic components, Pb(Sc1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-PbTiO3(PSN-PIN-PT) ceramics were designed and prepared by using the solid-state reaction method. Effect of the ceramic composition on the phase structure and electric properties of the PSN-PIN-PT ceramics were investigated. For 0.40PSN-(0.60-x)PIN-xPT(x = 0.360, 0.375, 0.390, 0.405), the increase in the PT could improve gradually Curie temperature Tc (262–292℃) and phase transition Tr−t (94–181℃). Maximum of piezoelectric coefficient d33 (578 pC/N) could be obtained in the 0.40PSN-0.21PIN-0.39PT ceramics, together with large residual polarization Pr (~ 36.7 µC/cm2) and high coercive field Ec (~ 9.3 kV/cm). These performances make the PSN-PIN-PT ceramics have great potential applications in the high temperature device.
Study of Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in 0.1n Hcl Solution Using 3-[(4-Methoxy Phenyl)Imino]-1,3-Dihydro-2H- Indole-2-One
Authors: Satarkar Sahil , Dubey R. S.
Published: August 2024

The inhibition efficiency of the synthesized inhibitor 3-[(4-methoxy phenyl)imino]-1,3-dihydro-2H- indole-2-one in 0.1 N HCl solution was studied by using weight loss, electrochemical analysis like open circuit potential and potentiodynamic polarization methods. It was observed that the inhibition efficiency increases by increasing the concentration of the inhibitor. Maximum inhibition of 92.10% was observed at 600 ppm inhibitor concentration. The inhibitor works as an efficient anti-corrosive agent and it was also supported by electrochemical data. From the results obtained, it was observed that the data best fitted Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The polarization studies indicated that the used inhibitor is a mixed type of inhibitor. The thermodynamic parameters of activation energy and adsorption suggested that the used inhibitor supported both physical and chemical adsorption processes. The protective layer formed on the mild steel surface was analyzed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX) techniques. The results obtained from weight loss analysis, electrochemical analysis and surface analytical techniques were in good agreement with each other.
Lipidomic analysis to reveals therapeutic effects of herbal cake-separated moxibustion on high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia rabbits
Authors: Fang Yuan , Chen Xinyu , Liu Huijuan , Liu Honghua , Ouyang Lizhi , Liu Mailan
Published: August 2024

Background
Herbal cake-separated moxibustion (HM) is one of the characteristic therapies for the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia (HLP). However, the effect of HM on plasma lipid metabolism in HLP rabbits is not clear.
Methods
New Zealand rabbits were fed with high-fat diet for 8 weeks to induce HLP model, and then HM was intervened for 8 weeks. The level of blood lipid in serum of rabbits was detected by full biochemical analyzer, and the pathological changes of liver tissue were observed by oil red O staining. Then we used ultra-high performance liquid chromatography / quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with multivariate statistical analysis for non-targeted lipidomic analysis.
Results
HM ameliorated hyperlipidemia induced the abnormal blood lipid level and improved liver lipid deposition induced by high cholesterol diet. Non-targeted lipidomic analysis showed that HM changed the lipid metabolism profile of HLP rabbits.
Applying OSL for dating mortar, plaster and soil samples at the archaeological site underneath the Dubrovnik cathedral
Authors: Damiani Suzana , Zeman Maja , Medialdea Alicia
Published: August 2024

The 20th century has brought unexpected archaeological discoveries under the Baroque Cathedral in Dubrovnik (the UNESCO World Heritage Site). In the 1980s, a church complex older than the historically recorded Romanesque basilica was excavated. The dating of these finds is crucial, not only for understanding the historical changes of the Cathedral site but also for the earliest development of the historical centre of the city of Dubrovnik. After the archaeological research of the 1980s, in 2018, the first, more extensive processing of all findings was initiated through the cooperation of five Croatian scientific institutions (the project Discovering the Old Dubrovnik Cathedrals – DiODuCat). Within the framework of the IPERION HS platform, the DiODuCat 2022 collaboration was established with the CENIEH institute in Burgos (Spain) and OSL dating was applied to mortar and plaster collected from the internal layers of key structures in the sanctuary of the “first church”, as well as to the soil collected within its nave. The resulting data supplemented radiocarbon dating (AMS 14C) of plaster samples applied in 2021 and 2022. The new data combined to indicate a somewhat different chronological development of the "first church" than was suggested by previous scholarly works, implying that it had been constructed by adapting an earlier, Late antique edifice while giving a more precise chronology to the church's refurbishments during the early Middle Ages. These data complement the already formulated scientific assumption of the DioDuCat research team based on the marble sculpture analysis and, primarily, the observations of the in situ layers of plaster in the church's sanctuary.
Profiling Users with Tag-enhanced Spherical Metric Learning for Recommendation
Authors: Tan Yanchao , Lv Hang , Huang Xinyi , Ma Guofang , Chen Chaochao
Published: August 2024

With the growing complex interactions between users and items on the Internet, the difficulty of representing them has increased in Recommender Systems (RSs). Existing methods propose to capture the complex user-item interactions that implicitly associate a user with other like-minded ones. However, the learned embeddings cannot efficiently capture the similar patterns underlying users’ behaviors. Moreover, the implicitly retrieved patterns cannot be readily accurate and interpretable. To this end, we propose to leverage both users' interacted items and item tags, so as to advocate for tag-enhanced recommendations. Specifically, we propose an adaptive tag selection mechanism to ensure the quality of tag representations, so as to profile users and learn tag-enhanced representations of users/items. Additionally, we introduce a spherical optimization strategy to fully exploit the increased representation capacity of the tag-enhanced recommendation framework. We conduct numerous experiments on four real-world datasets, where our proposed tag-enhanced framework for recommendation can bring consistent performance gains and averagely achieve a 12.54% improvement regarding both Recall and NDCG metrics.
What will the future bring? – Socio-economic challenges to herder households in the Dzungarian Gobi, Mongolia
Authors: Michler Lena M. , Kaczensky Petra , Batsukh Daginnas , Treydte Anna C.
Published: August 2024

Nomadic pastoralism is still practiced by around one-third of the Mongolian population. Recent socio-economic constraints have challenged pastoral livelihoods and led to declines in herder household numbers. Meanwhile, livestock numbers have risen countrywide, threatening overall rangeland health and biodiversity conservation. In the Mongolian Gobi, herder families fully depend on livestock production. Little is known about the current and future trends of their livelihoods and its compatibility with protected area goals to reduce livestock numbers. We combined data from semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions in the Great Gobi B strictly protected area with secondary data on regional and national herder household income and livestock numbers. We determined the importance of social networks, the willingness to continue a herding lifestyle, and the involvement of herders in the protected area management. Our data confirmed that herding is no longer centred around a subsistence lifestyle but rather around cashmere production. Herder families are currently still increasing livestock numbers, which is counter to protected area goals. Costs for education, health care, travelling, and modern communication are high in the economic reality of a market economy and drive the need to increase livestock numbers. Most of the young herder generation are employed urban centres with limited time to support the family herding household. Herders, despite valuing pastures within protected areas, faced challenges due to inadequate communication and conflicting livestock numbers goals. We conclude that herders in the Great Gobi B SPA are reaching livestock numbers which are neither socio-economically nor ecologically sustainable.
Seismic Microzonation of Urban Site Using the Target Spectral Ratio Method (HVSR): A Case Study of Algiers City.
Authors: CHIBANE Linda , LAOUAMI Nacer , HELLEL Mustapha , TEBBOUCHE Mohammed Yacine
Published: August 2024

This paper presents a microzonation study of the urban area of Algiers city in Algeria, using 640 microtremor measurements and horizontal over vertical spectral ratios (H/V). The sesmic history of the region changed from moderate to high seismic activity since the destructive Boumerdes earthquake (Mw = 6.8) on May 21st, 2003. The area's geological context suggests the prevalence of alluvial soils, especially in its central part, which undergoes significant site amplification. The seismic design codes use the concept of soil class to categorize common-soil conditions into broad classes bounded by typical average shear wave velocities of the top 30 m (Vs30). In the absence of Vs30, using H/V measurements provides comparable site information and offers more descriptive value than Vs30 for deep soils, the objective is to prepare a first order microzonation map using a new classification scheme proposed by Laouami et al. (2018) based on H/V target spectral ratio functions defined for each of the 4 RPA99/2003 soil classes (S1, S2, S3 and S4). It serves as a practical tool to empirically determine the site class for 640 sites using microtremor measurements, along with identifying their fundamental frequencies and estimating the average shear wave velocities of the top 30 meters. The comparison of the obtained iso-frequency and site classification maps with the in situ data reveals a high correlation level, emphasizing the new scheme's robustness. The results obtained are vital for urban planning and seismic analysis, improving Algiers' resilience and guiding structural design against seismic loads.
Single influenza A viruses induce nanoscale cellular reprogramming at the virus-cell interface
Authors: Sieben Christian , Broich Lukas , Wullenkord Hannah , Osman Maria , Fu Yang , Reuther Peter , Broenstrup Mark
Published: August 2024

Viruses, as nanoscale entities with limited proteomes, must efficiently infect target cells using their available resources. During infection, individual virions induce specific cellular signaling within the virus-cell interface, a nanoscale patch of the plasma membrane in contact with the virus. However, virus-induced receptor recruitment and cellular activation are transient processes that occur within minutes and at the nanoscale level. Hence, the temporal and spatial kinetics of such early events often remain poorly understood due to technical limitations. To address this challenge, we developed a novel protocol to covalently immobilize unmodified influenza A viruses on glass surfaces before exposing them to live epithelial cells. This approach extends the observation time for virus-plasma membrane interaction while preserving the viruses' native state for uncompromised cell interaction. Using single-molecule super-resolution microscopy, we investigated virus-receptor interaction showing that viral receptors are not immobilized by the virus but rather slowed down, which leads to a specific local receptor accumulation and turnover. We further followed the dynamics of clathrin-mediated endocytosis at the single-virus level and demonstrate the recruitment of adaptor protein 2 (AP-2), previously thought to be uninvolved in influenza A virus infection. Finally, we examined the nanoscale organization of the actin cytoskeleton at the virus-binding site, showing a local and dynamic response of the cellular actin cortex to the infecting virus. Our findings provide novel insights into the fundamental process of virus-cell interaction and demonstrate the versatility and potential impact of our approach on virus-cell biology.
Freestanding membranes of hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks for efficient wound healing
Authors: Cao Rong , Wu Lingling , Yang Xue , Gao Chang , Jia Haonan , Hu Zhiqi , Wang Jiao , Guo Yanan , Xiao Lvyao , Gao Shui-Ying , Zhao Robert
Published: August 2024

Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs), with their excellent biocompatibility, diverse chemical functionalities, and well-organized porous structures, represent a versatile and promising platform for biomedical applications. However, manufacturing pristine HOFs powders into lightweight, ultrathin, freestanding membranes compatible with soft tissues of arbitrary shape and size has been a significant challenge. Herein, we successfully prepared shape-adaptive HOFs-based matrix membranes (HMMs) using a polymer-assisted liquid-air interface technique. These membranes are capable of conforming to tissues of different sizes and shapes, effectively stopping bleeding and exhibiting high water-vapor permeability. Remarkably, in vitro and in vivo studies in mice demonstrated that the tissue-conformable membranes accelerate wound healing by regulating the inflammatory environment of the damaged tissue and promoting faster re-epithelialization. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis and mechanistic studies revealed that HMMs effectively reduce inflammation and facilitate the transition from the proliferative stage to the remodeling stage of skin development. This work provides new insights into the use of multifunctional HOFs in healthcare management and paves the way for hybridizing HOFs with polymers for diverse applications.
The Impact of Sex Differences on Stroke Risk Factors and 3-Month Outcomes in Patients Receiving Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Khedr Eman M. , Abo-Elfetoh Noha , Hasan Asmaa M. , Nasreldein Ahmed , Haridy Nourelhoda A.
Published: August 2024

Background: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a major public health issue, and women have a disproportionate share of stroke-related disability and mortality, which is poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the effect of sex differences on AIS treated by thrombolysis using recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rTPA). The study included 134 AIS patients (59% males and 41% females). Risk factors, clinical presentation, thrombolysis response, complications, and outcomes were recorded. The outcomes were measured using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) three months after stroke. The incidence of intracranial haemorrhage was also determined.
Results: Among 134 AIS patients treated with rTPA (59% male, 41% female), females had higher rates of hypertension (67.3% vs 49.4%, p=0.040) and atrial fibrillation (AF) (12.7% vs 2.5%, p=0.020), while smoking was more prevalent in males (31.6% vs 0%, p<0.0001). Cardioembolism was more frequent in females (23.6% vs 6.3%, p=0.004), who also had shorter onset-to-door (110.7±63 vs 131.1±50.2 min, p=0.035) and onset-to-needle times (151.6±66.5 vs 173.7±50.6 min, p=0.046). Both sexes showed significant improvements in NIHSS (males: 11.58±3.7 to 6.05±5.6; females: 11.64±4.7 to 6.9±5.9; p<0.0001) and mRS scores (males: 3.34±1.05 to 2.03±2; females: 3.53±1 to 2.02±2; p<0.0001) over three months, with no significant differences between sexes. Predictors of poor outcome (mRS 3-6) differed: diabetes millites (DM) (OR 7.79, p=0.002) and longer door-to-needle time (OR 1.04, p=0.008) for males, and hemorrhage (OR 9.41, p=0.048) for females. Hemorrhage predicted mortality in males (OR 27.08, p<0.0001), while AF was associated with increased mortality in females (OR 8.06, p=0.024).
Conclusions: This study revealed sex-specific differences in AIS risk factors, etiology, and rTPA treatment timelines, although post-treatment improvements were comparable between sexes. Notably, outcome predictors and mortality factors differed by sex. These findings emphasize the need for sex-specific considerations in AIS management and risk assessment.
Mild hypothermia alleviates cardiomyocyte necroptosis after cardiopulmonary resuscitation by regulating TRPV1
Authors: Yin Meixian , Liu Chuiliang , Zhu Yifang , Zhan Haohong , Lu Yuanzheng , Liu Keke , Lu Yawen , Zhang Sibo , Zhang Chenyu , Liu Rong , Li Yingqing , Guo Zhiyong , He Xiaoshun , Hu Chunlin
Published: August 2024

Background Therapeutic mild hypothermia (MH) is expected to improve the neurological outcome and the survival rate of CPR after cardiac arrest (CA). However, whether and how mild hypothermia protects cardiomyocytes largely remains to be explored.
Methods Three to four-month-old (age), 319.1-480.0 g (weight), male (sex) Wistar rats were randomly divided into normothermia (NT) groups (acceptable range, 36.0-38.0°C) and MH groups (acceptable range, 32-34°C). Then ten minutes after CA, CPR was perfumed by a slow injection of 0.30-0.50 mL epinephrine solution (30.00 μg/mL). Moreover, to test the effect of TRPV1, capsaicin was injected through the right femoral artery both in NT groups and MH groups.
Results We found that MH improved the recovery of spontaneous breathing, increased survival rate, and inhibited cardiac necroptosis of Wistar rats after CPR. Moreover, MH alleviated primary cardiomyocytes necroptosis after oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion through up-regulating TRPV1, down-regulating EGFR, and subsequently suppressing MLKL. Furthermore, capsaicin, the TRPV1-activator, combined with MH, improved the blood pressure of Wistar rats after CPR when compared with MH alone. Capsaicin improved the spontaneous breathing rate and survival rate of Wistar rats after CPR.
Conclusions MH may protect cardiac function by TRPV1-inhibited cardiomyocyte necroptosis.
Smartwatch-Assisted Exercise Prescription: Utilizing Machine Learning Algorithms for Personalized Workout Recommendations and Monitoring: A review
Authors: Jubair Hassan , Mehenaz Mithela
Published: August 2024

This review paper examines the intersection of wearable technology, machine learning algorithms, and exercise prescription, focusing on the utilization of smartwatches to monitor physiological data during workouts. With the proliferation of smartwatches equipped with sensors capable of capturing various biometric parameters, alongside the advancements in machine learning, personalized exercise recommendations have become increasingly feasible. Through a synthesis of existing literature and analysis of recent developments, this paper explores the potential of integrating wearable technology and artificial intelligence to optimize exercise routines tailored to individual needs and goals. Key topics covered include the types of sensors found in smartwatches, machine learning algorithms used for exercise prescription, practical applications, challenges, and future directions. By providing insights into the current landscape and emerging trends, this review aims to inform researchers, practitioners, and policymakers on the opportunities and challenges in leveraging wearable technology and machine learning for personalized fitness monitoring and exercise prescription.
A study of chronic suppurative otitis media cases in Damascus Hospital and the Red Crescent Hospital
Authors: Khair Hala , Ali Hasan , Nahas Louei
Published: August 2024

Research objective: To study cases of chronic suppurative otitis media, their symptoms and factors that predispose to its occurrence, and to study the surgical methods used in treatment in cases with both malignant and benign manifestations.
Methods and materials: A retrospective study was conducted on a sample of 131 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media attending Damascus Hospital and the Red Crescent Hospital in Damascus during the years from 2014 AD to 2020 AD. The samples were collected through a paper form, and the data were analyzed through a statistics program. SPSS-26, and p>Value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The sample size was 131 patients, and the percentage of males and females was 40.5% and 59.5%, respectively. The average age of the patients was (41.6) with a standard deviation of (6.2). The percentage of infection in the left ear was 51.1%, the most common in the right ear was 48.1. The most common symptom observed was gonorrhea. Itching, hearing loss, and tinnitus occurred at a rate of 89.3%. Most of the types of gonorrhea were intermittent and continuous, at rates of 44.2% and 29%, respectively. Most patients had moderate to severe hearing loss at rates of 38.9% and 19.8%, respectively.
Most of the patients had mixed and conductive hearing loss, with rates of 38.9% and 34.4%, respectively. The rate of perforation of the central and marginal tympanic membrane was 50.4% and 13.7%, respectively. The most common risk factors for allergic rhinitis, frequency deviation, and keratinomegaly were 24.4%. % and keratomegaly alone 24.4%, the most common complication is ossicle sclerosis at 8.3%, and 90.9% were managed surgically, there is a significant relationship between the bony air gap and the type of perforation (benign and malignant), (P, 0.02), there is a significant relationship between the condition of the ossicles. (benign, sclerosis, necrosis), and perforation pattern (benign, malignant), (P, 0.009).
Assessment of Textile Effluent Quality: A Laboratory Analysis of ETP Effectiveness in Meeting ECR Standards
Authors: Dipu Salah Uddin Ahmed
Published: August 2024

The textile sector contributes significantly to industrial pollution, especially by the release of effluents comprising dyes, chemicals, and other contaminants (Islam & Mostafa, 2019). Proper treatment of these effluents is critical for reducing their environmental impact. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effluent quality of FOURH Textile, a renowned textile manufacturing company, by examining samples collected before and after treatment at their Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP). The evaluation aims to determine if the treated effluent meets the Environmental Conservation Rules (ECR) requirements established by the regulatory authorities. Effluent samples were obtained from FOURH Textile's plant, focusing on the untreated (influent) and treated (effluent) streams. These samples were subjected to a battery of laboratory tests to determine pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and heavy metal levels(Nergis et al., 2009). This study compares the findings of untreated and treated effluents to assess the effectiveness of the ETP in lowering pollutant levels to acceptable limits as per ECR standards. The conclusions of this investigation will shed light on the ETP's performance at FOURH Textile, as well as its compliance with environmental requirements.
Ecology of Children’s Reading: Problems and Solutions
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Kamedina Lyudmila V. , Razmakhnina Alyona V. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: August 2024

The article has a problematic and staging character, in fact, because the ecology of children’s reading is in an interdisciplinary field and not only teachers and psychologists, but also literary critics, writers, culturologists, and sociologists are involved in it. Everyone, at their own level, poses and solves the problems of the ecology of children’s reading. The article actualizes the tasks set by the family, society and the state, but not solved, but only presented in diverse disciplinary aspects. The purpose of the article is to update the unresolved problems in the field of the ecology of children’s reading, both in science and in public policy, point out the reasons and give their vision of solving these problems. To solve the set goals, the authors apply the methodology of structural-functional, semiotic, axiological and metasubject approaches and general scientific methods: comparison analysis, generalization. As a result of the study, the authors focus on the content and educational side of children’s reading, around which there is a constant controversy. The ecology of children’s reading forms the spiritual and moral life, socializes the child, makes him responsible to society. According to the authors of the article, the resolution of the problems of the ecology of children’s reading should be realized in the education of the mind and soul of the child, and not only in educationally useful knowledge aimed at success. The object of the research is the actualized problems of the ecology of children’s reading. The subject of the study will be to identify the causes and search for directions in the field of solving the problems of the ecology of children’s reading. The practical significance of the study can be claimed by teachers and parents in the field of education of schoolchildren through the ecology of reading; scientists developing an interdisciplinary concept of children’s reading in the context of the current geopolitical situation; public figures implementing the state project «Decade of Childhood».
Precedent Phenomena in Teaching Russian Language
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Cherepanova Larisa V.
Published: August 2024

The school course of the Russian language implies communicative focus and develops students’ abilities to extract information from various sources, to comprehend and handle it. This ability is formed when working with texts of different forms, styles, types and genres. The precedence of modern texts, the presence of precedent phenomena in them (names, events, statements, etc.) often makes it difficult to understand the text. The attitude towards a student as a linguistic personality (Y. N. Karaulov) assumes that he has the willingness and ability to perceive and understand precedent phenomena, extract a variety of information from them and use them in his speech. All this determines the inclusion of precedent phenomena in Russian language study in school. The purpose of this study is to substantiate the need for using precedent phenomena in Russian language education in school, to present a system of tasks for school students aimed at forming a set of educational and linguistic skills and ways of proceeding, that is the ability to extract information from a precedent phenomenon, comprehend and handle it. The author uses methods of analysis and synthesis in order to describe the problem of using precedent phenomena in school teaching of the Russian language; methods of analysis, abstraction, constructing – to develop the system of tasks. The research and development of tasks are based on competence and system-pragmatic approaches in Russian language study. The article shows the variety of theoretical knowledge that form the basis for the study of precedent phenomena and specifies proposed actions with them, the possession of which indicates the presence of the ability. The author defines and describes the bases of the developed system of tasks, gives the examples of specific links of the system (tasks for the formation of identification, analytical, classification, synthetic and creative skills with precedent names, statements, precedent transformed texts).
Digital Literacy of Pedagogical Students: Prerequisites, Essence, Structure
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, Erdyneeva1 Klavdiya G. , Klyuchnikov Denis A. ,   Far Eastern Federal University, Shurukhina Tatiana N. ,   Far Eastern Federal University
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of digital literacy formation of the future teacher in the context of his personal and social responsibility. The purpose of the study is to determine the essence and structure of digital literacy of students-teachers. Research methods are the following: comparative analysis, generalization, systematization, questionnaire. 180 students of the pedagogical direction of the Far Eastern Federal University answered the questions of an online questionnaire using Google Forms during 2023. The average ageof the respondents is 28.2 years (SD=9.8). It is proved that digital literacy is the integration of competencies and attitudes closely related to the individual’s individual psychological characteristics, his value-semantic attitudes, social and personal identity, critical thinking. Ideally, the development and justification of approaches to teaching digital literacy begins with studying the life of students in the digital space, analyzing their communication practices, needs and aspirations. It is proved that digital literacy is necessary for ethical, safe and productive functioning in various environments created by digital technologies. In this regard, a conceptual framework is needed for the development of educational models and the development of curricula for the systematic formation of digital literacy as a vital ability. It is substantiated that the formation of digital literacy of students of the pedagogical direction involves the formation of a subject of the digital educational space while preserving its civic identity, taking into account cultural traditions. In this regard, a purposeful, carefully thought-out state educational policy in the field of the development of the information educational space is necessary.
Integration of Children’s Activities as a Condition for the Older Preschool Children Independence Development
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Atarova Anna N.
Published: August 2024

The development of older preschool children independence is a key task of preschool education in Russia; therefore, the search for optimal conditions for the development of independence becomes an urgent area of research. Currently, the potential of integrating children’s activities for the development of children’s independence has not been sufficiently studied. The purpose of the study is to study the features of the integration of children’s activities in the educational process of kindergarten as a condition for the older preschool children independence development. It is assumed that the integration of children’s activities can be considered as one of the ways of organizing the educational process in kindergarten, contributing to the development of children’s independence. The novelty of the research is connected with the justification of the integration of children’s activities as a way of organizing the educational process in kindergarten and highlighting its key characteristics. The study of the educational process based on the integration of children’s activities has been carried out using theoretical methods: analysis of domestic and foreign studies revealing the features of the integration of children’s activities in the educational process and methods of empirical research: observation of children and a teacher according to the developed criteria, conversation with teachers, evaluation and analysis of the components of the educational process. The article reflects the results of qualitative and quantitative analysis, which have allowed us to conclude about the key characteristics of the educational process based on the integration of children’s activities that contribute to the development of children’s independence: inclusion of educational situations based on the integration of children’s activities, implementation of a supportive way of teacher interaction with children; availability of an accessible developing subject-spatial environment in a kindergarten group; organization of a temporary kindergarten environment with a uniform organization of free activity of children and activities regulated by the teacher. The prospects of the study are related to the improvement of the characteristics of the kindergarten educational process based on the integration of children’s activities for the development of preschool children.
Problems of Identification and Use of Language Variants at all Levels of the Language System when Learning Russian for Foreigners
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Biktimirova Yulia V. , Ignatovich Tatiana Yu. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: August 2024

The educational sphere, along with other spheres, is subject to integration, standardization and convergence between different countries of the world, which in turn faces new challenges and problems that require solutions. In order to meet the expectations of students and ensure the high quality of the educational process, it is necessary to take into account the factors affecting language acquisition and focus on the linguistic features of the language being studied. Russian is one of such problem areas when foreigners study the Russian language is the presence of variation at all levels of the language system, which is primarily due to the heterogeneity of the national Russian language. The purpose of this study is to analyze the problem area of the variability of the Russian language and to develop methodological recommendations for the study of language variants when broadcasting the linguistic content of the disciplines of the linguistic cycle of the educational program 45.03.01 Philology to groups of foreign students of different levels. For this purpose, a generalization of theoretical knowledge in the field under study, an analysis of the features of various languages, as well as the advantages of a number of teaching methods, has been carried out. Thanks to the work carried out, it has been revealed that the majority of foreign students have difficulties in choosing options at different levels of the language system when studying the RCT under the “Philology” program. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the principle of “educational language”, limited to a set of linguistic units and common word-formation and syntactic models, is not suitable for teaching philology students. It is advisable to focus on the principles of consistency, scientific approach and immersion in the Russian language environment with a demonstration of its rich variability in the framework of the training of specialists in teaching Russian and translators. Russian speakers and the variety of forms and variants of the Russian national language can be distinguished among the promising areas of work in this direction: high-quality training of pedagogical and translation personnel, including focusing on the socio-cultural features of native speakers of the Russian language and the variety of forms and variants of the Russian national language.
Features of Teaching a Foreign Language to Students of Non-Linguistic Directions in the Conditions of Modern Education Digitalization
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Kaplina Svetlana E.
Published: August 2024

Modern society is rapidly developing; the requirements for professional education are changing under the influence of globalization processes and digitalization of the world community. Today, the educational space shows an increased interest in the development, application and management of various innovative processes, one of which is the active use of mobile technologies, services and artificial intelligence. New practices and digital tools have opened the ways for a renewed integration of traditional and mobile learning. The author has made an attempt to reveal the peculiarities of foreign language teaching for engineering students in higher education. In order to realize the set goal, a theoretical analysis of thematic sources and documents, revealing the possibilities of digital education in a non-linguistic higher education institution has been carried out, as well as personal pedagogical experience of the teachers of the Foreign Languages department has been generalized, each stage of the educational process has been monitored and a comparative analysis of the obtained data and dynamics has been made. This has become the basis for the formation of the author’s view of the research problem and scientific substantiation of its main aspects.Involvement of artificial intelligence in the process of learning a foreign language in the field of professional activity allows making learning more flexible. Students get an opportunity to form their individual educational trajectory, and the teacher can actualize the materials of the discipline “Foreign Language” through the addition of authentic materials adapted with the help of artificial intelligence. The article provides the examples of tasks and options for using various digital tools in teaching four basic skills: listening, reading, speaking and writing based on the experience of teachers, who work at the Foreign Languages department inthe Transbaikal State University, which will become a starting point in the organization of the educational process when teaching the discipline “Foreign Language” to students of different directionsin the foreseeable future.
Education for Sustainable Development in the Context of a Common Educational Space
Authors:   Institute for Strategy of Educational Development, Dzyatkovskaya Elena N. , Zakhlebny Anatoliy N. ,   Institute for Strategy of Educational Development
Published: August 2024

The problem of education for sustainable development realization in the conditions of the unified educational space is considered. The aim of the study is to give didactic characteristic of the educational content for sustainable development and analyze the possibility of its implementation in the conditions of the Federal Basic Educational Programs introduction in the country – a unified educational space. Research methods are as follows: cultural, complex, activity-based approaches. The choice of the research approaches is determined by the post-non-classical methodology, including an axiological component; philosophical ideas about the phenomenon of object integrity, fundamental non-isolation of real systems and their interaction. The status of the content of education for sustainable development is defined as integrated, interdisciplinary, cross-cutting (cross-curricular) and naturally using the knowledge of all academic subjects, the functional integrity of which is ensured by an integrated approach. It is shown that such features of education for sustainable development prevent its mechanical “addition” to the content of academic subjects and explain the fact that pedagogy has not yet developed a unified approach to understanding the ways of its design and implementation. The commonality of methodological foundations, pedagogical and organizational tasks solved in the design of education for sustainable development and a unified educational space has been revealed. On the one hand, the priority directions of integration of schoolchildren’s educational space identified in the Federal Project “School of the Ministry of Education of Russia” potentially create a structure for the cross-cutting content areas of the Sustainable Development Goals. Reflection of the results of their implementation will provide analytical material for understanding the ways of organizing and implementing the content of education for sustainable development. On the other hand, the development of interdisciplinarity and cross-subject didactics on the example of education for sustainable development contributes to the understanding of ways to achieve culturological personal results of a unified educational space, the organization of problem-based learning. Both described processes reflect the globalization of all spheres of society and the focus on the formation of educated, literate and viable personality
Quantifying Temperature Effects on Plant Development Rates and Quality of Compact Container-grown Pepper
Authors: Dickson Ryan W. , Padhye Sonali , Machesney Leala M. , Tebow Josh
Published: August 2024

The mean daily temperature effects on plant development rates and quality of compact container-grown pepper were evaluated. Compact pepper cultivars Fresh Bites Yellow and Hot Burrito were grown in greenhouses at 18 to 26 °C (Expt. 1) and 20 to 30 °C (Expt. 2) under supplemental high-pressure sodium lighting and a 16-hour photoperiod. The number of days to first open flower, to first ripe fruit, and from flower to ripe fruit were measured and the development rates calculated by taking the reciprocal (e.g., 1/day). Temperature effects were predicted by fitting a nonlinear exponential function that included the base temperature (Tmin) and maximum developmental rate (Rmax) parameters. Plant quality attributes were measured during Expt. 2. As the temperature increased, the times to flower and fruit decreased (i.e., developmental rates increased) for both cultivars. The estimated Tmin was 13.3 °C for ‘Fresh Bites Yellow’, and that for ‘Hot Burrito’ was 9.3 °C, whereas the Rmax was similar between cultivars (averages of 0.0488 at flower, 0.0190 at fruit, and 0.0252 from flower to fruit). ‘Fresh Bites Yellow’ and ‘Hot Burrito’ grown at ≈25 °C had a relatively short crop time, compact canopy, large fruit size, and high number of fruits per plant at finish. Compact peppers are new crops being grown by greenhouse floriculture operations for their ornamental and edible value, and the information from this study can help growers schedule these crops to meet critical market windows and determine the impacts of changing the growing temperature on crop timing and quality.
Bovine Practitioner Vol. 50, No. 1 (2016 Spring). Front matter
Authors: American Association of Bovine Practioners
Published: August 2024

Cover, masthead, table of contents, and other editorial information.
Bovine Practitioner Vol. 34, No. 2 (2000 May). Front matter
Authors: American Association of Bovine Practitioners
Published: August 2024

Cover, masthead, table of contents, and other editorial information.
Bovine Practitioner No. 9 (1974 November)
Authors: American Association of Bovine Practitioners
Published: August 2024

Cover, masthead, table of contents, and other editorial information.
Dense Hopfield networks in the teacher-student setting
Authors: Thériault Robin , Tantari Daniele
Published: August 2024

Dense Hopfield networks with pp-body interactions are known for their feature to prototype transition and adversarial robustness. However, theoretical studies have been mostly concerned with their storage capacity. We derive the phase diagram of pattern retrieval in the teacher-student setting of pp-body networks, finding ferromagnetic phases reminiscent of the prototype and feature learning regimes. On the Nishimori line, we find the critical amount of data necessary for pattern retrieval, and we show that the corresponding ferromagnetic transition coincides with the paramagnetic to spin-glass transition of pp-body networks with random memories. Outside of the Nishimori line, we find that the student can tolerate extensive noise when it has a larger pp than the teacher. We derive a formula for the adversarial robustness of such a student at zero temperature, corroborating the positive correlation between number of parameters and robustness in large neural networks. Our model also clarifies why the prototype phase of pp-body networks is adversarially robust.
Bed shear stress distribution across a meander path
Authors: Pradhan Arpan , Khatua Kishanjit Kumar , Sahoo Kirti Kanta , Mohanta Abinash , Beulah M. , Sudhir M. R.
Published: August 2024

Laboratory experimentation for bed shear stress distribution has been carried out in two sets of meandering channels. The channels have crossover angles of 110° and 60° constructed by ‘sine-generated’ curves over a flume of 4 m width. Variations in bed roughness were studied for the meandering main channel. Bed shear stress distribution across a meandering length for the 110° and 60° channels was examined for different sinuosities and roughnesses. The boundary shear stress study illustrated the position of maximum shear along the apex section and across the meandering path. These variations were observed for different flow depths. A comparison of the bed shear among the three experimental channels was conducted, and the results were analyzed.