bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El informe de Ramón Nuñez del Arco (Quito, 1813) : un afán de pacificación absoluta
Authors: Lomné Georges
Published: March 2023

No corresponde dudar de la preocupación de Abascal por los «alborotos de Quito». El virrey puso especial empeño en derrotar a la Junta de Agosto de 1809 y felicitó al teniente coronel Manuel Arredondo -al mando de la tropa limeña- por su pronta victoria sobre los insurgentes. Luego, entre septiembre de 1810 y noviembre de 1812, seguiría los progresos de la lucha contra la segunda Junta, habiendo logrado enviar a unos 300 hombres desde Guayaquil, quienes se sumaron al ejército del Brigadier Gobernador de Cuenca, Melchor de Aymerich, con el fin de reducir a «un número corto de sediciosos». Es relevante destacar que ambos episodios hicieron posible que el virrey extendiera su poderío al norte del «Distrito» administrativo que le correspondía y sustituyera plenamente al «Jefe Superior» del virreinato de la Nueva Granada, habiendo siendo éste incapacitado por la formación de la Junta de Popayán y, luego, derrocado por la propia Junta de Santafé.
Percepción de organizaciones y autoridades locales en comunidades campesinas del Cuzco
Authors: Castillo Gerardo
Published: March 2023

Buena parte de la bibliografía etnográfica existente nos habla de las diferentes funciones que cumplen organizaciones y dirigentes en comunidades campesinas de costa y sierra. Sin embargo, es poco lo que sabemos acerca de la opinión que tienen los propios comuneros de sus organizaciones y dirigentes. Nuestro propósito es explorar las percepciones y los discursos que elaboran los campesinos como una manera de entender el conjunto de cambios que experimentan las familias campesinas en un contexto de rápida modernización. El presente artículo recoge algunas tendencias de opinión entre campesinos de comunidades cuzqueñas extraídas de una encuesta socio- económica de hogares realizada por un organismo local de desarrollo en 1997.
Autoridades, familias y liderazgos en la costa de Piura
Authors: Diez Hurtado Alejandro
Published: March 2023

Es lugar común afirmar que las autoridades locales son una especie de intermediarios entre las comunidades (entendidas en sentido amplio) y el espacio mayor en el que están insertas. En consecuencia, las autoridades locales obtendrían su legitimidad de dos fuentes posibles: la voluntad popular -expresada por diversas formas de elección- y la designación por alguna instancia superior. 1 En la práctica, algunas autoridades políticas locales oscilan entre ambos polos, construyendo constantemente equilibrios entre dos fuentes de intereses no necesariamente coincidentes.
Assessment of Elements in Curcuma caesia Rhizome through Various Instrumentation Techniques
Authors: Atom Rameshor Singh , Laitonjam Warjeet Singh , Ningthoujam Raghumani Singh
Published: March 2023

Background: Curcuma caesia Roxb. is a zingiberaceae plant and their rhizomes have been used for various medicinal properties based on the presence of alkaloid, glycosides, essential oils and vitamin. But, the studies on medicinal properties of rhizomes of the plant in inorganic component are very limited. The trace elements and certain elements present in medicinal plants are important for safety of herbal drugs and also to help in establishing the structure in phytochemistry and chelating therapy. The present study emphasises to investigate the presence of nutrient and trace elements in the rhizome of the plant quantitatively, as deficiency or excessiveness leads to various health issues. Methods: Curcuma caesia rhizomes were collected from Thoubal District, Manipur, North-East India during the month of November-December, 2017. Rhizomes powder was investigated for the determination of various elements by instrumental techniques like, Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Carbon - Hydrogen - Nitrogen - Sulphur (CHNS). Result: After comparison of the various results given by FAAS, ICP-MS, SEM, EDX and CHNS Techniques, 17 elements consisting of both major and minor elements viz. C (7.705 wt.%), H (1.22wt.%), N (4.41 wt.%), O (36.97 at. %), Na (5.5 µg/mL), K (15.8 µg/mL), Mg (1.3 µg/mL), Fe (0.53 µg/mL), Ca (0.46 µg/mL), Co ( less than 2 ng/mL), V ( less than 2 ng/mL), Cr (6 ng/mL), Ni (30 ng/mL), As ( less than 5 ng/mL), Mn (82 ng/mL), Cu (42 ng/mL) and Pb (10 ng/mL) have been determined in Curcuma caesia rhizome (µg/mL means micro gram per millilitre while ng/mL means nano gram per millilitre). A comprehensive elemental analysis data Curcuma caesia rhizome of such kind is not yet reposted earlier. The study will be very helpful in further study of the medicinal values of the rhizome.
Evaluation of in vivo Anthelmintic Efficacy of Ethanolic Extract of Butea frondosa Seed against GI Parasites in Goats
Authors: Barua Chandana Choudhury , Patowary Prerona , Mazumder Chayanika , Borah Pranjal , Hazorika Mousumi , Phukan Arabinda
Published: March 2023

Background: The anthelmintic activity of Butea frondosa seed extract as an alternative to the synthetic anthelmintic against GIPs in goats was undertaken by studying EPG, body weight and hemato-biochemical parameters in the infested goats. Methods: Goats (n=18) found positive for parasitic infection by screening at Goat Research Station (GRS), AAU, Byrnihat were selected for the study. Two doses of ethanolic extract of Butea frondosa seed @ 100 mg/kg (Group A, n=6), @ 200 mg/kg (Group B, n=6) and Fentasplus @ 5 mg/kg body weight p. o. (Group C, n= 6) were given on 0th day and 14th day. Faecal and blood samples were collected at weekly intervals for a period of 42 days. Result: A significant decrease in the EPG count was noticed on 14th day post treatment. A significant increase in body weight and Hb, PCV, TEC, total serum protein, albumin, sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, phosphorus and significant decrease in ESR, TLC, neutrophil, eosinophil count, AST, ALT and ALP were noticed post treatment. On the basis of reduction in EPG count and improvement in body weight and haemato-biochemical parameters, it is concluded that the ethanolic extracts of Butea frondosa seed @ 200 mg/kg body weight showed better result as anthelmintic in this study.
Effect of Expression-Based Group Counseling Through Art Activities on Adolescents' Self-Efficacy
Authors: ÇALIK Merve , DOĞAN Türkan
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of expression-based group counseling through art activities on adolescents' self-efficacy. A total of 16 male students aged 14-15 years, 8 in the experimental group and 8 in the control group, participated in the study. A partially mixed simultaneous equal-status design, one of the mixed design models, was used in the study. In the quantitative dimension of the study, the Self-Efficacy Scale for Children was administered to collect data. In the qualitative dimension of the study, the researcher's observations were utilized. According to the results of the study, it was concluded that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental group in favor of the post-test and that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups. Therefore, expression-based group counseling can be considered to be effective in increasing adolescents' self-efficacy.
COVID-19: How did the pandemic impacted the economic-financial results of the healthcare companies included in B3?
Authors: Goulart Selma Querino Cruvinel , Oliveira Elis Regina de , Santos Geovane Camilo , Paranaiba Alexandre de Carvalho , Ferreira Neto Brasilino José
Published: March 2023

This study aims to verify the influence of the pandemic on the economic and financial results of the companies included in the health sub-sectors of B3. The sample consisted of 22 companies with data treated by test Wilcoxon and panel regression. The results indicate that the firms were able to meet their short- and long-term obligations. The medical services subsector (hospitals, analysis, and diagnostics) showing the worst results with significant increase in third-party capital and a reduction in net margin and profitability. This study expands on the scarce literature on the health sector, which is critical to the well-being and economy of Brazilians and evidence to stakeholders that economic-financial results differs between subsectors.
Using a genre-based writing method in the distance education classroom
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Osman
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the genre-based writing method in distance education courses. In this study, where action research was chosen as a research method, the researcher examined the use of the genre-based writing method in writing lessons of 8 foreign students at the B2 level who took a Turkish course over a 7-week period. For the data collection tools; the lessons’ video-recordings (observation), semi-structured interviews (interview) and the writings of the participants (document analysis) were examined. Thematic analysis was used in this study with both deductive and inductive processes. As a result, it was observed that genre-based writing method increased students' writing skills considerably in distance Turkish writing lessons. Another major finding was that the participants’ characteristics affected their success. However, in some sub-headings of this study, because of distance education’s nature, the implementation of the genre-based writing method did not show the expected successes. Finally, large-scale experimental studies containing genre-based writing method implementation and studies on self-regulation strategies in online writing lessons were suggested.
Social Status and Reputation of Writers in Modern Russia: Thematic Analysis
Authors: Ryazancev Alexander
Published: March 2023

This article examines the forms of social evaluation of writers' work in modern Russia. As a methodological basis, the theory of the “literary field” developed by Pierre Bourdieu and his followers is used, on the basis of which a conceptual and empirical reconstruction of the concepts of social status and reputation was carried out. Based on an empirical thematic analysis of public interviews with leading Russian experts in the field of literary process, a set of topics regarding the social status of the writer and his literary reputation in the Russian literary field has been identified. A discrepancy in the opinions of various groups of experts was found, which may indicate the presence of antagonism in the modern literary field. This circumstance, coupled with the dependent state of the literary field on the political one, confirms the hypothesis of the marginalization of these concepts and, accordingly, related social practices in modern Russia.
Representativeness of Qualitative Surveys
Authors: Belanovskiy Sergey
Published: March 2023

The author challenges the widely held belief that qualitative surveys (in-depth interviews and focus groups) will never be considered as a representative study. The origins of this erroneous, according to the author, point of view is an incorrect transfer of criteria for the representativeness of quantitative studies to qualitative ones. The article formulates a mathematical statement the task of determining a representative sample of qualitative surveys. The article provides the solution of the task taking into account relevant constraints. It is shown that under certain conditions representative sample of qualitatively study may be 15–40 respondents, which corresponds to research practice based on empirical criteria for sufficiency.
The age structure of the population of the regions of Russia at the beginning of the 21st century: components of the formation
Authors: Rybakovsky Oleg
Published: March 2023

In order to improve the management system of demographic processes, the article proposes and tests a non-standard methodology for studying the results of the demographic dynamics of the population of territories in the age context. The structure of their formation due to the main demographic components is disclosed. The main specific task is to assess as of mid-2021 for all regions of Russia — cumulative results of the demographic movement of the population accumulated over 28 years, which had an age of zero years in mid-1993. The proposed and tested methodology in the article allows us to clearly show the results of demographic dynamics and its components in a simple visual form. According to the current official Russian statistics, the demographic situation in the regions of Russia as of mid-2021, concerning the population aged 28 years, can be represented as follows (we will give two typical examples). Moscow: out of 100 persons aged 0 years, in mid-1993, 94 survived in 28 years (with zero migration). Migration increase added 107 people to them, including 87 at the expense of other Russian regions and 20 at the expense of foreign countries. Total: 201 persons out of 100 in 1993; Kurgan oblast: out of 100 persons aged 0 years in mid-1993, 93 survived in 28 years (with zero migration). 15 people left by migration, including 25 people to other Russian regions. But at the expense of foreign countries, 10 people were added. Total: 78 persons out of 100.
Analysis of the readiness of Russian regions for the COVID-19 pandemic based on demographic sustainability and development of the healthcare system
Authors: Rudneva Oksana , Sokolov Alexander
Published: March 2023

Assessment of the readiness of regions for the occurrence of critical situations is atopical area of research in modern conditions. The problem of high mortality in Russia determines the importance of studying the factors that shape the current state of the socio-demographic system of the population and the prerequisites for its change in the future or in the present under the influence of negative processes. To form an objective picture of the current situation, two areas are identified: potential (the state of the region's healthcare system) and demographic stability (risks of population decline), on the basis of which complex integral indices are calculated and regions are ranked. The specificity of the author's approach to the analysis consists in the complex use of demographic indicators, morbidity indicators and the functioning of the healthcare system. As a result of the analysis, it was found out that an ambiguous situation has developed in the regions. According to the assessment of demographic sustainability, the republics of the North Caucasus have become the best, but there is also the lowest level of development of the healthcare system. The opposite situation is observed in remote and sparsely populated regions of the Far East — Sakhalin Oblast, the Jewish Autonomous Oblast and Chukotka Autonomous Okrug — with high indicators of the potential of the healthcare system there are high demographic risks. The depth of the consequences of the pandemic was reflected in the form of excess mortality. In the first year, the regions of the North Caucasus became leaders in terms of mortality growth — Chechnya (by 44%), Dagestan (by 32%) and Ingushetia (by 27%).The most stable were Adygea, Sevastopol and Buryatia — excess mortality did not exceed 6%. In the second year, actively increasing mortality has already affected all regions, with the exception of the Republic of Tyva and Chukotka Autonomous Okrug having the lowest proportion of the population over working age. The proposed concept of a two-way study of regions will make it possible to trace the main problem areas in dynamics and give an opportunity to prevent the consequences of other possible force majeure.
Emigration from Russia to the USA and Canada in the context of the expansion of Russian-speaking communities
Authors: Lukyanets Artem , Tyshkevich Anna
Published: March 2023

The article discusses emigration flows from Russia to the USA and Canada. The host countries owe their existence to immigration due both to the economic and geopolitical situation in the modern world. Since the late 19th century a consistently high emigration flow has been recorded from Russia to these countries. The greatest outflow occurred in the last decade of the 20th century, when with the collapse of the USSR the flow of emigrants from Russia to these countries, and particularly to the USA, sharply increased. The increase in emigration has led to expansion and strengthening of the Russian-speaking community that emigrated from Russia to the United States and Canada. In the USA the largest concentration of the Russian-speaking population is in three agglomerations: New York, Los Angeles and Miami. These three agglomerations account for over 35% of all immigrants from Russia. In Canada, with a much smaller immigration flow than in the United States, the largest share of immigrants from Russia is concentrated in such agglomerations as Toronto and Montreal. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, migration flows to the United States and Canada have decreased from all countries of the world, including Russia. This was the result of both the anti-visa restrictions and the termination by the US Embassy in Russia of issuing non-immigrant visas a first, and subsequently, all other types of visas. If in peak 2014 almost 390 thousand border crossings by citizens of the Russian Federation were recorded, then in 2021 only 77.7 thousand. A similar trend is observed in the emigration flow from Russia to Canada. The main part of the migration flow to the United States consists of Russian citizens who have a residence permit or U.S. citizenship, as well as persons who have received visas at U.S. consular offices in other countries.
Project and Process Approaches in Science
Authors: Ganieva Irina , Shepelev Gennady
Published: March 2023

The comparison of the project and process approach to the management of the scientific sector is carried out. The classification of projects in terms of their scale, financial instruments for supporting scientific research in project and process approaches, the regulatory framework for the implementation of the project approach, the interests of participants in the organization of scientific research in terms of their interest in the project version of science management are considered.
It is shown that the project and process approaches to management are not antagonists and the science management system should combine both of them. At the same time, the lack of infrastructure for the organization of large scientific and technical projects, the experience of organizing such activities among the majority of participants in the management and implementation of scientific research, the interest of the majority of participants in the project approach was noted.
The organization of large complex scientific and technical projects cannot be financed in the same way as the formation of small and medium-sized projects is financed, for the organization of large complex projects a higher level of management organization is required, which is currently absent.
Polarization on the Polemic of the Job Creation Law
Authors: Ningrum Sulistya
Published: March 2023

The Omnibus Law on the Job Creation Law (UU Cipta Kerja) which was authorized in October 2020 amid the COVID-19 outbreak has raised pros and cons among the public, policymakers, investors, and workers in Indonesia. It is considered to be detrimental to the lower middle class while benefiting certain entities. Consequently, there was a polarization of public discourse in cyberspace. Therefore, this study aimed to map polarization trends in the internet community regarding the polemic on the Job Creation Law. This research used mixed methods with the Corpus-Assisted Discourse Study (CADS) framework. The trend amongst the cyber community indicated that there was group polarization in perceiving these issues, where both pro and con groups have different arguments and justifications in addressing the matter. The research data was in the form of tweets corpus totaling 12,224 tokens related to the Job Creation Law. The Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK) package built into Python 3.9.2 was used for tokenization and stopword removal. Lancsbox 6.0 was used to compute keywords and determine concordances. Furthermore, the significance of the keyword frequency was calculated using the Log-Likelihood test. This study identified three main topics in the controversial debate on the Job Creation Law, namely 1) State financial and economic policies; 2) Employment, length of service, and income; and 3) Environment and sustainability.
Keywords: Corpus-Assisted Discourse Study (CADS), Cyberspace, Job Creation Law, Omnibus Law, Polarization.
Ensuring Equality in Education Access: The Dynamics and Challenges for Vietnamese Ethnic Minority Girls
Authors: Yen Nguyen Thi Hong , Hoi Nguyen Van
Published: March 2023

Education access is one of the critical human rights that has been decided for the development of everyone and has been codified in the international and national legal systems. Despite important achievements in ensuring and promoting fundamental human rights in general, with the characteristics of being one of the most vulnerable in society, ethnic minority girls experienced discrimination and double inequality in benefiting their rights, including access to education. Regarding the education right of girls in the ethnic minority in Vietnam today, the following article focuses on the following matters: (i) Analysing the Vietnamese legal framework in ensuring the education right of ethnic minority girls; (ii) Presenting the difficulties and challenges in ensuring this right for ethnic minority girls in Vietnam; (iii) Proposing necessary recommendations for the Government to improve the enjoyment of the right for Vietnamese ethnic minority girls in the upcoming time.
Keywords: Education Access, Equality, Ethnic Minority Girls, Vietnam, Women's rights
Avaliação do Conhecimento das Mulheres com Epilepsia em Idade Fértil sobre o Impacto da sua Doença na Contraceção, Gravidez e Amamentação: Um Estudo Transversal Multicêntrico
Authors: Lopes das Neves Pedro , Ventura Rita , Sobral-Pinho André , Silva Elisa , Morgadinho Afonso , Vitor Joana , Miranda Miguel , Madureira Beatriz , Moniz Dionísio Joana , Pinheiro Rita , Delgado Sofia , Carapinha Duarte , Rego André , S´á Francisca , Pelejão Maria Rita , Antunes Francisco , Marques Inês , Brito da Silva Vanessa , Castro Sousa Sandra , Peres João , Martins António , Tojal Raquel
Published: March 2023

Introdução: A interação dos fármacos anticrise epilética com os métodos contracetivos, a sua potencial teratogenicidade e as implicações na gravidez e amamentação são aspetos a considerar no acompanhamento de mulheres com epilepsia em idade fértil. Para o seu desejado envolvimento nas decisões terapêuticas e o adequado planeamento da maternidade, é essencial que as mulheres estejam corretamente informadas acerca das implicações da sua doença. O objetivo principal do presente estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento das mulheres com epilepsia em idade fértil sobre o impacto da epilepsia na contraceção, gravidez e amamentação. Como objetivos secundários definiram-se (1) a caracterização demográfica, clínica e terapêutica deste grupo de doentes, (2) a identificação de variáveis correlacionadas com o nível de conhecimento das mulheres com epilepsia, e (3) a identificação de meios e suportes preferenciais para aquisição de novos conhecimentos sobre epilepsia.Material e Métodos: O estudo foi observacional, transversal e multicêntrico, tendo decorrido em cinco centros hospitalares da região metropolitana de Lisboa. Após identificação das mulheres com epilepsia em idade fértil seguidas na Consulta de Epilepsia de cada centro, aplicou-se um questionário eletrónico construído após revisão não sistemática da literatura.Resultados: Foram validadas 114 participantes, com uma idade mediana de 33 anos. Metade das participantes apresentavam-se sob monoterapia, tendo a maioria a epilepsia controlada há pelo menos seis meses. Identificaram-se importantes lacunas no conhecimento das participantes. Conceitos sobre complicações dos fármacos anticrise epilética e a sua administração durante a gravidez motivaram piores resultados. Não houve correlação entre variáveis clinico-demográficas e o resultado no questionário. A ocorrência de gravidez prévia e o desejo de amamentar numa gravidez futura correlacionaram-se com o desempenho na secção sobre amamentação. A discussão oral na consulta foi a forma preferencial para aquisição de novos conhecimentos sobre epilepsia, tendo a internet e as redes sociais sido os meios menos escolhidos.Conclusão: O conhecimento das mulheres com epilepsia em idade fértil na área metropolitana de Lisboa sobre o impacto da sua doença na contraceção, gravidez e amamentação parece apresentar lacunas importantes. A educação para a saúde deste grupo deverá constituir uma preocupação por parte das equipas médicas, devendo privilegiar-se a consulta como local de ensino.
Perjanjian Lisensi Perangkat Lunak Adobe Inc Amerika Ditinjau dari Hukum Perdata Indonesia
Authors: Chesar Wery
Published: March 2023

Perangkat lunak tak lepas dari sebuah perjanjian lisensi, yang mengatur tentang hak dan kewajiban antara pengguna (user) dan pengembang perangkat lunak (developer). Perjanjian lisensi Adobe Inc dilakukan secara daring untuk meringkas jarak, memperluas jangkauan distribusi perangkat lunak, dan meningkatkan efektivitas. Amerika sebagai negara penganut sistem hukum common law memiliki perbedaan mengenai sebuah konsep keabsahan perjanjian dengan Indonesia sebagai penganut sistem hukum civil law. Tujuan penelitian ini mengkaji apakah konsep keabsahan perjanjian Amerika yang tertuang dalam perjanjian lisensi Adobe Inc (Adobe_General_Terms_of_Use-en_US-20200416) dapat diterapkan di Indonesia sesuai peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Tipe penelitiannya yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum (legal research) dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Dalam perbandingan syarat sahnya suatu perjanjian, terdapat perbedaan yakni, Amerika sebagai menganut common law sering mensyaratkan kontrak untuk menyertakan consideration (pertimbangan), sedangkan Indonesia sebagai menganut civil law hanya memerlukan meeting of minds (kesepakatan) antara para pihak. Hal-hal yang memengaruhi keabsahan suatu kontrak tidak terletak pada bentuk kontrak yang dibuat melainkan dari subyektifitas dan obyektifitas kontrak tersebut.
The why, when and how of small bowel and panenteric capsule endoscopy in Crohn’s disease
Authors: Bojórquez Alejandro , Carretero Cristina
Published: March 2023

Small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) is a tool used for Crohn’s disease (CD) diagnosis and monitorization, which aids in appropriate clinical decision-making, especially in the switch of treatment or withdrawal and influencing reclassification of unclassified inflammatory bowel disease. Compared to cross-sectional imaging, namely intestinal ultrasound and magnetic resonance enterography, SBCE has a superior diagnostic yield in proximal small bowel inflammatory activity, which has been associated with greater morbidity. The risk of capsule retention is higher in patients with established CD with suspected stenosis and those with suspected CD with obstructive symptoms, known stenosis or previous small bowel resection. In these situations, SBCE should be administered only after small bowel patency has been evaluated. There is evidence that the pan-enteric capsule (PEC) has a higher diagnostic yield than ileocolonoscopy in detecting terminal ileum mucosal defects. Future research should evaluate the PEC place in CD algorithms as it offers a non-invasive approach, which is especially important in a long-term follow-up, likely diminishing the disease burden.
Trends and climatic variability in the Chilean viticultural production zones: three decades of climatic data (1985-2015)
Authors: Verdugo-Vásquez Nicolás , Orrego Raúl , Gutiérrez-Gamboa Gastón , Reyes Marisol , Zurita Silva Andrés , Balbontín Claudio , Gaete Nelba , Salazar-Parra Carolina
Published: March 2023

Chile is characterized by offering high-quality vitivinicultural products and for its renowned viticultural valleys. At today, Chile has been considered vulnerable to climate change, which has brought a major concern to the national vitiviniculture. This research aimed to analyze the trends and climatic variability of the Chilean viticulture over three decades (1985-2015), evaluating meteorological, bioclimatic and risk indices in forty-seven stations. Meteorological data indicated that the warmest zone was Atacama, while the coldest was Aysén. The rainiest region was Austral, while the driest was Arica y Parinacota. Growing-season indices (GST, GDD and HI) showed that Central Valley was warmer than Arica y Parinacota, whereas, this latter, presented higher sum of spring temperatures (SONMean and SONMax). Atacama presented the highest risk for T>30°C, whereas Central and South Valleys for T>35°C. The highest frost risk was in Aysén, while the lowest in Arica y Parinacota. In general, Min T decreased by 0.33 ºC, while Max T increased by 0.83ºC. None of the trends for PP presented statistical significance. GST, GDD, HI, BEDD, SONMean and SONMax increased by 0.58ºC, 118.29 heat units, 140.57 heat units, 79.72 heat units, 8.42 heat units and 45.17 heat units, respectively, while CI decreased by 0.19ºC. Some stations that presented negative trend on CI coincided to the highest Max T. Locations in Coquimbo and Aconcagua valleys changed from intermediate to warm climate. Locations from Coquimbo and Central valleys changed from warm to hot climate. Quilaco changed from cool to warm climate, while Osorno changed from without classification to cool climate. PCA analysis reported that meteorological variables were related to the distance of the site to the Pacific Ocean. This information is of importance for the national industry and may allow to define mitigations strategies facing global warming.
Biocontainment Techniques and Applications for Yeast Biotechnology
Authors: Pavão Guilherme , Sfalcin Isabela , Bonatto Diego
Published: March 2023

Biocontainment techniques for genetically modified yeasts (GMYs) are pivotal due to the importance of these organisms for biotechnological processes and also due to the design of new yeast strains by using synthetic biology tools and technologies. Due to the large genetic modifications that many yeast strains display, it is highly desirable to avoid the leakage of GMY cells into natural environments and, consequently, the spread of synthetic genes and circuits by horizontal or vertical gene transfer mechanisms within the microorganisms. Moreover, it is also desirable to avoid that patented yeast gene technologies spread outside the production facility. In this review, it was evaluated the different biocontainment technologies currently available for GMYs. Interestingly, uniplex-type biocontainment approaches (UTBAs), which relies on nutrient auxotrophies induced by gene mutation or deletion, or the expression of simple kill switches apparatus, are still the major biocontainment approaches still in use with GMY. While bacteria like Escherichia coli account for advanced biocontainment technologies based on synthetic biology and multiplex-type biocontainment approaches (MTBAs), GMYs are distant from this scenario due to many reasons. Thus, a comparison of different UTBAs and MTBAs applied for GMY and genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) was made, indicating the major advances of biocontainment techniques for GMYs.
A Case-Control Study of Risk Factors for Dog Rabies in Northeast Tunisia
Authors: Kalthoum Sana , Gharbi Raja , Ben Ali Mehdi , Ben Sliman Imed , Haboubi Nouha , Barrak Khaoula , Fakhfekh Khalil , Ben Romdhane Rafika , El Hechri Habiba , Boughanemi Salma , Seghaier Chedia , Bahloul Chokri
Published: March 2023

Since 2012, the northeast of Tunisia has been experiencing an emergence of dog rabies. Published data revealed that the disease is widespread in the north of Tunisia. Even with studies on rabies, lacking knowledge on the associated risk factors was highlighted. Therefore, we conducted a case-control study on dog rabies in northeast Tunisia to identify potential risk factors for dog rabies occurrence. The cases group (n=77) included positive dog rabies confirmed at the referral laboratory using Fluorescent Antibody Test (FAT) in 2014 and 2018. The controls group (n=77) involved all negative cases received at the laboratory and 15-days quarantine dogs that received a certificate of absence of rabies after the observation period. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was conducted to explore the risk factors (age, sex, breed, confinement, vaccination status, presence of bites, owned or not and origin of dogs, sector, presence of rabies cases, and slaughterhouses, etc.…) related to the occurrence of rabies. The final logistic regression model revealed that unconfined dogs were almost twice as likely to be affected as confined dogs (OR=1.9; 95% CI: 1.17 to 3.27). The odds of rabies occurrence were 25 times higher in areas where rabies cases have been reported between 3 months and 1 year compared to the uninfected areas (25.7; 95% CI: 3.02-219.14). Similarly, the risk of rabies is significantly higher in dogs born in the home to the owner bitch (OR=2.41; 95% CI: 1.14-5.13). Living in areas with rabies cases in the last three months increases by 2.8 times the risk of getting rabies (2.8; 95% CI: 1.16-6.77). However, vaccination reduces by 1.6 times the risk of contracting rabies (0.6; 95% CI: 0.38-0.97). Our findings provide reliable data on dog rabies that will be very useful for decision-makers and could contribute to improving the ongoing national control program of rabies.
On the Roles of the Nuclear Non-coding RNA-Dependent Membrane-Less Organelles in the Cellular Stress Response
Authors: Gavrilova Anastasia A. , Fefilova Anna S. , Kuznetsova Irina M. , Turoverov Konstantin K. , Uversky Vladimir N. , Fonin Alexander V.
Published: March 2023

At the beginning of the 21st century, it became obvious that radical changes had taken place in the concept of living matter and, in particular, in the concept of the organization of intracellular space. The accumulated data testify to the essential importance of phase transitions of biopolymers (first of all, intrinsically disordered proteins and RNA) in the spatiotemporal organization of the intracellular space. Of particular interest is the stress-induced reorganization of the intracellular space. Examples of organelles formed in response to stress are nuclear A-bodies and nuclear stress granules. The formation of these organelles is based on LLPS of intrinsically disordered proteins and non-coding RNA. Despite the overlapping composition and similar mechanism of formation, these organelles have different functional activities and physical properties. In this review, we will focus our attention on these MLOs and describe their functions, structure, and mechanism of formation.
Quality and Functional Characterization of Acetic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Farm-Produced Fruit Vinegars
Authors: Yeo Soo-Hwan , Kim Sun Hee , Jeong Woo Soo , Kim So-Young
Published: March 2023

Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) form a bacterial film on the surface of alcoholic solutions and ferment ethanol to acetic acid while also producing bioactive compounds. To discover functional AAB for industrial use, we isolated and selected strains from farm-produced vinegars using a CaCO3-containing medium. The seven strains belonged to Acetobacter cerevisiae and A. pasteurianus. Physiological properties were determined, including ethanol tolerance at up to 12% (v/v). Acidification at a growth temperature of 40 ℃ was seen for GHA 7, GYA 23, JGB 21-17, and GHA 20 strains, which may be useful in vinegar production where thermotolerant AAB are required. The seven AAB isolates had strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Antioxidant activity was 2- and 4-fold higher, respectively, for A cerevisiae and A. pasteurianus than for the control, 1% acetic acid. We also observed 91.3% inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme activity for the KSO 5 strain, higher than that for the positive control, 0.1% captopril (76.9%). All strains showed complete inhibition of α-glucosidase, except JGB 21-17 and GHA 7 with 98.3% inhibition. Our work suggests usefulness of the strains selected as seed strains for highly efficient production of functional vinegar and illustrates identification of useful functional characteristics on a scientific basis.
Emergency Endoscopic Haemostasis for Gastrointestinal Bleeding using A Self-Assembling Peptide: A Case Series
Authors: Murakami Takashi , Kamba Eiji , Haga Keiichi , Akazawa Yoichi , Ueyama Hiroya , Shibuya Tomoyoshi , Hojo Mariko , Nagahara Akihito
Published: March 2023

Background and Objectives: A novel synthetic self-assembling peptide, PuraStat, has been introduced as a hemostatic agent. This case series aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of PuraStat for gastrointestinal bleeding during emergency endoscopy. Cases: Twenty-five patients with gastrointestinal bleeding who had undergone emergency endoscopy with PuraStat between August 2021 and December 2022 were retrospectively examined. Six patients were receiving antithrombotic agent, and ten patients with refractory gastrointestinal bleeding had undergone at least one endoscopic hemostatic procedure. The breakdown of bleeding was gastroduodenal ulcer/erosion in 12 cases, bleeding after gastroduodenal or colorectal endoscopic resection in 4 cases, rectal ulcer in 2 cases, postoperative anastomotic ulcer in 2 cases, and gastric cancer, diffuse antral vascular ectasia, small intestinal ulcer, colonic diverticular bleeding, and radiation proctitis in each case. The method of hemostasis was only PuraStat application in six cases, and hemostasis in combination with high-frequency hemostatic forceps, hemostatic clip, argon plasma coagulation, and hemostatic agents (i.e. thrombin) in the remaining cases. Rebleeding was observed in three cases. Hemostatic efficiency was observed in 23 cases (92%). Conclusions: PuraStat has the expected hemostatic effect on gastrointestinal bleeding during emergency endoscopy. The use of PuraStat should be considered in emergency endoscopic hemostasis of gastrointestinal bleeding.
Three-Dimensional Narratives: An Interaction-Based Design Model for an Enhanced Design Practice
Authors: Cruz Rodrigues Antonio , Pedroso-Roussado Cristiano , Cunha Joao , Jorge Ana
Published: March 2023

Design has often been interpreted as a practice of creating novel objects. However, the relationships between objects analysed upstream the process of creation have been under-studied. Here it is presented a model for enhancing the design practice by fostering a deep work on the relationships of mundane objects. The Three-dimensional Narratives (TdN) model comprises a stepwise five phases work package that facilitates a varied range of analyses to improve the creativity and innovation of any project led by any type of participants. One particular feature of the TdN model is the appropriation of concepts coming from non-design fields such physics and biology to both developing the work of the model and to improve the comprehension and outcomes of the enrolled participants. During three Case Studies with children, youngsters, and older participants the TdN model was validated, and its usability was successfully assessed. The TdN model shows that there is a need for a deeper design practice and that it is relevant to improve the lexicon of designers in order to facilitate a broader and design practice, irrespectively of the aim of the proposed project and nuances of the audience.
Reinventing Therapeutic Proteins: Optimizing Investments and Meeting Humanitarian Needs
Authors: Niazi Sarfaraz K. , Mariam Zamara
Published: March 2023

Reinventing approved therapeutic proteins for a new dose, a new formulation, a new route of administration, an improved safety profile, a new indication, or a new conjugate with a drug or a radioactive source is a creative approach to benefit from the billions spent on developing new therapeutic proteins. These new opportunities were created only recently with the arrival of AI/ML tools and high throughput screening technologies. Furthermore, the complex nature of proteins offers mining opportunities that are not possible with chemical drugs; bringing in newer therapies without spending billions makes this path highly lucrative financially while serving the dire needs of humanity. This paper analyses several practical reinventing approaches and suggests regulatory strategies to reduce development costs significantly. This should enable the entry of hundreds of new therapies at affordable costs.
Multi-material Metamaterial Topology Optimization to Minimize the Compliance and the Constraint of Weight: Application of Non-pneumatic Tire Additive-manufactured with PLA/TPU Polymers
Authors: Dezianian Shokouh , Azadi Mohammad
Published: March 2023

Non-pneumatic tires have gained a lot of attention due to their advantages, including not having to worry about getting a flat tire. In this type of tire, metamaterial cells replace the pneumatic part of the tire. In general, metamaterials are formed by stacking cells together. These cells are obtained by various methods including topology optimization. Therefore, in this research, to achieve a metamaterial cell suitable for a non-pneumatic tire with the objective function of increasing compressive strength and bending fatigue life, optimization for three types of geometry including (1) square plane, (2) rectangular plane, and (3) entire circumference of tire and three types of material including polylactic acid (PLA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and void have been done. Optimization has been implemented by using MATLAB code in 2D mode. The cubic cell is obtained from extruding the optimized response of the square plane. From the optimized response of the rectangular plane, the cylindrical cell and from extruding the optimized response of the entire circumference of tire to the tire cross-section size, the main geometry of the tire has been calculated. Finally, to check the quality of 3D printing in producing cells and how they are connected, the optimal cell fabricated by the fused deposition modeling (FDM) method has been observed using a field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The results show that in the optimization of the square plane, the sample with the minimum remaining weight constraint equal to 40% and in the optimization of the rectangular plane and the entire circumference of tire, the sample with the minimum remaining weight constraint equal to 60% was selected as the optimal sample. From checking the quality of 3D printing, it has been concluded that PLA and TPU materials are completely connected.
MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A TROPICAL RIVER BASIN, CENTRAL KERALA, INDIA USING GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES
Authors:   ARUNKUMAR K.S, SHERIN SHABNA
Published: March 2023

The Thutapuzha watershed (TW) is one among the major tributaries of Bharathapuzha – the largest west flowing river in Kerala, India. Morphometric analysis was carried out to determine the spatial variations in the drainage characteristics and to understand the prevailing geologic variation, topographic information and structural setup of TW using Survey of India topographic maps and ASTER-DEM. Geoprocessing techniques has been used for the delineation and calculation of the morphometric parameters of the watershed. The TW sprawled over 1107 Km2 and the study revealed that the watershed includes a sixth order stream and lower order streams mostly dominate the basin with a drianage density of 1.36 m/Km2exhibiting highly resistant subsoil, dense vegetation, and low relief of surface nature. The study indicate that rainfall has a significant role in the drainage development whereas the drainage pattern is controlled by structure and relief. The watershed of TW is moderate to well-drained and exhibited a geomorphic maturity in its physiographic development. The shape parameters revealed the elongated nature of TW having less prone to flood, lower erosion and sediment transport capacities and drainage network development in the watershed. This study strongly brings to light that the drainage morphometric parameters have the enormous potentiality to unveil the hydro-morphologicalcharacteristics of the river basins. Integrating hydro-morphological characteristics with conventional watershed assessment methods would have a beneficial effect on judicious watershed management, which helped to formulate a comprehensive watershed management plan.
Landscape change in Aizawl city: A geospatial approach to assess landscape indices and human-induced transformation
Authors: Imchen Zulotoshi , Ryngnga Phiban Khamti
Published: March 2023

The change in an area’s natural surroundings is called landscape change. This change may be gradual or accelerated depending on the factors that influence the change. Natural elements such as native animals and birds seldom bring about any modification to the environment. However, human-induced change is devastating and severely transforms the environment. Such environmental transformation can be evaluated with the land use/ land cover assessment through satellite imagery and calculation of landscape indices. This paper attempts to ascertain the direction and the nature of the human-induced change in the city of Aizawl. To this end, the city has been divided into four zones to enable inter-zone comparisons. A northeast and southwest direction of human landscape transformation has been ascertained with the help of GIS and remote sensing techniques and landscape indices in Aizawl city.
Plan de negocio de un centro de rehabilitación para mascotas en el distrito de Ate
Authors:   , Mitma Misaray Allinson Miluska , Bustamante Vásquez Deyri Kenia , Panez Arrieta Wendy Xiomara
Published: March 2023

En los últimos años el servicio de mascotas se ha ido incrementando exponencialmente debido a que el gusto de las familias peruanas por tener una mascota de compañía en su hogar viene creciendo, siendo los gatos los preferidos, seguidos de los perros. Las personas se preocupan cada vez más y son estrictos con la salud de sus mascotas, ya que los consideran como un miembro más de su familia, interesándose cada vez más por darles una buena calidad de vida para mejorar su estado físico y tener un mayor tiempo de vida. Viendo esto, hemos identificado una gran oportunidad de negocio dentro del mercado del cuidado de mascotas, por ello, en el presente trabajo de investigación proponemos como proyecto, la creación de un Centro de Rehabilitación para mascotas en el distrito de Ate. El giro del negocio, que es la de servicios, consiste en crear una experiencia positiva en nuestros clientes a través de un servicio de calidad para las mascotas en las familias peruanas.