bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative effectiveness of "liberal" and "restrictive" modes of intraoperative infusion-transfusion therapy in lung transplantation
Authors: Talyzin A. M. , Zhuravel S. V. , Khubutiya M. Sh. , Evgeniy A. Tarabrin E. A. , Kuznetsova N. K.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Recently, researchers have paid considerable attention to the strategy of intraoperative infusiontransfusion therapy in traumatic surgical interventions. The choice of a “restrictive” regimen during surgery in many studies has reduced the incidence and severity of intra- and postoperative complications.Objective. Comparison of the effectiveness of "liberal" and "restrictive" intraoperative infusion-transfusion therapy in lung transplantation.Material and methods. The study included 58 patients who underwent bilateral lung transplantation at N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine in the period 2012-2019. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the comparison group included 31 patients, the total volume of intraoperative infusion-transfusion in whom was 14386.9 ± 1310.0 ml (16.5 ml/kg/h). Group II consisted of 27 patients; their total volume of intraoperative infusion-transfusion during surgery was 10251.3 ± 740.1 ml (12.9 ml/kg/hour). The analysis we performed included the volume and composition of intraoperative infusion-transfusion therapy, the volume of blood loss, clinical and laboratory data, the duration of mechanical ventilation, the frequency of intraoperative use of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and the duration of its use after surgery, mortality.Results. When using the "restrictive" fluid therapy for lung transplantation, we observed a decrease in the volume of intraoperative blood loss by 1.3 times, the volume of transfusion of blood components, including fresh frozen plasma by 37%, erythrocyte suspension by 3.1 times, and instrumental reinfusion of autoerythrocytes by 1.56 times. At the same time, we revealed a decrease by 2.7 times in the duration of the mechanical ventilation use, a decreased frequency of using veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during surgery by 1.3 times, and a decreased duration of using veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after surgery by 2.3 times. Mortality was 38.7% in group I, and 30.7% in group II.Conclusion. The “restrictive” approach to intraoperative infusion-transfusion therapy in lung transplantation seems a promising new trend requiring further study and gaining the experience.
The impact of early acute rejection on kidney graft survival after repeat kidney transplantation
Authors: Pinchuk A. V. , Shmarina N. V. , Dmitriev I. V. , Stolyarevich E. S. , Natalya V. Zagorodnikova N. V. , Lazareva K. E.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Despite the improvements in immunosuppressive therapy, the growing number of repeat kidney transplantations and associated risks of acute rejection make it relevant to assess the impact of early acute rejection on a long-term kidney graft survival.Objective. The aim of the study was to evaluate the rate, the clinical aspects of early acute rejection after repeat kidney transplantation and the outcomes of its treatment, to perform the assessment of the impact of rejection episodes on a long-term kidney graft survival.Material and methods. We carried out the retrospective analysis of kidney graft survival after 121 repeat kidney transplantations performed in N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine in the period from 2007 to 2018. Group I included 96 recipients after kidney transplantation without acute rejection in postoperative period. Group II consisted of 25 patients with early acute rejection after kidney transplantation. We performed the assessment of the impact of early acute rejection on the kidney graft survival in comparison with recipients with uncomplicated postoperative period. Statistical processing was carried out by nonparametric methods. Survival was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier curves.Results. 1-year and 3-year kidney graft survival rates amounted to 90.3% (95%, confidence interval 85–95) and 85.4% (95%, CI 79–91), respectively, in recipients of Group I; and 72% (95%, CI 58–86) and 60% (95%, CI 46–76) in patients of Group II. Significant differences in 1-year and 3-year kidney graft survival between patients of Group I and II have been noticed (P=0.0022 and P=0.0065, respectively).Conclusions. Patients with early acute rejection after kidney transplantation had poorer kidney graft survival in comparison with patients without rejection episodes in postoperative period.
Pendidikan Kesehatan Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Pengetahuan Kesehatan dan Penyakit Sistem Perkemihan Selama Kehamilan
Authors: Hartanti Rita Dwi , Nurlaela Emi
Published: September 2021

Perubahan fisiologis pada sistem perkemihan selama kehamilan seperti peningkatan frekuensi berkemih, tertahannya air kencing pada kandung kemih dan tertekannya kandung kemih akibat membesarnya rahim dapat menimbulkan berbagai keluhan pada ibu hamil. Selama masa kehamilan, selain kesehatan reproduksi dan kesehatan janin, ibu hamil harus tetap memperhatikan kesehatan tubuh yang lain seperti kesehatan sistem perkemihan. Kurangnya pengetahuan dan kurangnya informasi ibu hamil tentang kesehatan perkemihan khususnya pada masa kehamilan, menjadikan ibu hamil beresiko mengalami gangguan / penyakit pada sistem perkemihan. Ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kedungwuni I Pekalongan belum pernah mendapatkan pendidikan tentang kesehatan dan penyakit sistem perkemihan selama kehamilan. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut makan penulis melakukan pengabdian masyarakat pendidikan kesehatan sebagai upaya peningkatan pengetahuan tentang kesehatan dan penyakit sistem perkemihan selama kehamilan pada ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kedungwuni I. Kegiatan yang telah dilakukan adalah pendidikan kesehatan yang diberikan kepada ibu hamil di wilayah puskesmas Kedungwuni I yang meliputi tiga desa yaitu Desa Kedungwuni Timur, Desa Podo dan Desa Salakbrojo. Kegiatan ini dihadiri oleh ibu hamil baik ibu hamil trisemester I, II dan III yang berjumlah 109 ibu hamil. Hasil evaluasi dari kegiatan ini adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang berbagai penyakit sistem perkemihan yang dapat terjadi pada ibu hamil selama masa kehamilan dan cara pencegahan serta penatalaksanaan jika terjadi penyakit yang berhubungan dengan sistem perkemihan selama kehamilan. Dibuktikan setelah dilakukan pengambilan data pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang kesehatan system perkemihan menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan yaitu sebanyak 90% ibu hamil di Desa Salak Brojo, 100% di Desa podo dan 96,3 % di desa kedungwuni Timur.
Alternative Conservative Approach for Tooth Build-Up in Patients with Special Healthcare Needs
Authors: Kakkar Mayank , Patnaik Vijay Rahul Markonda , Malik Shaima , Singh Shilpa , Planerova Adela
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The success of an artificial crown mainly depends on the biomechanical factors such as bonding capacity of cement between the crown and abutment tooth, and root strength of the abutment tooth. In this case series, we aim to provide insight on the potential use of the cast metal post and cost for patients with intellectual disabilities and severely compromised tooth structure. Material and Methods: The first patient was a 41-year old male with the chief complaint of a dislodged porcelain fused metal (PFM) crown of tooth #20 (mandibular left second bicuspid). The patient was informed about the advantages, disadvantages, and risks of each option. After further consideration and discussion with the parents and the patient, we decided to rebuild the coronal tooth structure with the cast metal post and core and prosthetic restoration with the same crown. Patient satisfaction was measured on the visual analog scale as 10/10. The second case involves a 26-year old female, who presented with a chief complaint of chronic lingering pain on tooth #9. The tooth structure was extensively damaged and un-supportive of the ferrule, therefore, it was decided to build a metal post and core instead of a fiber post. The prosthetic restoration was made with a monolithic zirconia crown and the patient was followed up twice in 6 months and graded the satisfaction as 10/10 on a visual analog scale. Results: The most common type of posts used in dentistry has been cast post and cores in the last decade which generally includes an additional laboratory stage where a custom post is prepared according to the impression taken from the prepared post space. Conclusions: Both the presented cases explain an interesting advantage of restoring a root canal treated tooth with a metal post and core system which implies that in a prefabricated post and core restored tooth failure, a metal post, and core can potentially be the treatment of choice instead of extracting the tooth.
Framework for Colorectal Cancer Health Needs Assessment in North and Central Asian Countries
Authors: Pratiti Rebecca
Published: September 2021

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause for cancer worldwide. Prevalence of CRC is increasing in North and Central Asian Countries (NCAC). European guidelines encourage member countries to allocate resources for primary prevention of CRC through screening. Though, cost-effective screening is becoming a priority. A framework for health priority determination to prioritize CRC screening was developed. Public health websites were accessed to abstract epidemiologic data. The framework included prioritization by absolute risk (incidence, prevalence), relative risk (CRC ranking for national cancer deaths) and population attributable risk for the disease. Risk indicators were identified for the NCAC. Further detailed risk assessment scoring was completed to assess the CRC disease burden. Statistical analysis was performed for correlation. Variables included in risk assessment were population, life expectancy, gross national income per capita, percent GDP spent on health expenditure, total expenditure on health per capita, age standardized mortality to incidence ratio, cancer ranking by incidence and smoking prevalence. Risk assessment showed Kyrgyzstan, Georgia, Belarus and Armenia have more than expected CRC burden. Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Latvia have lower than expected CRC burden. Conclusion: Identifying high CRC burden countries to prioritize screening is important. Uniform and comparable CRC risk indicators for the region is needed. Health need assessment and priority setting is important for better distribution of resources. Countries with lower risk score may implement preventive policy to reduce CRC risk factors and countries with higher risk could adapt mitigating policy for early diagnosis of CRC.
The Art of the Clinician
Authors: Miguel, MD Rodríguez-Guerra, , Neelanjana MD Pandey, , Elina, MD Shrestha, , Timothy J. MD Vittorio,
Published: September 2021

Background: The promotion of clinical abilities could represent a significant factor leading the clinicians to in making the correct diagnosis in a timely matter. Case: Our patient is a 42-year-old African male with a history of Hypertension, ESRD on hemodialysis via right-sided Permcath (PC), Mastoidectomy & Right ear surgery due to trauma in childhood, AV Fistula (Needed intervention 4 times) in left upper extremity, admitted due to witnessed seizures in the setting of hypertensive emergency. The patient denied family history and toxic habits. While the patient was at the emergency room, CT head revealed stable curvilinear hyper-attenuation thought to be a thrombosed developmental vein more likely than small subarachnoid hemorrhage. He was loaded with levetiracetam, received Ativan 1mg IV and HD done as per Nephrology. The patient was transferred to the floor he was not in acute distress and was asymptomatic, the cardiovascular (CV) examination showed regular pulse, normal S1, S2, S4+ appreciated with 2/4 diastolic murmur at second right intercostal space (ICS); 2/6 pansystolic murmur at third right intercostal space left parasternal border (LPSB) radiated to the right parasternal border (RPSB) and right mid-clavicular line (MCL); 3/6 systolic murmur at 5LICS MCL radiated to the posterior axillar line (PAL). Point of maximal impulse (PMI) displaced to mid axillar line (MAL). Parasternal heave present; the neurological exam was preserved. Endocarditis was suspected and echocardiogram was expedited, it showed severe aortic regurgitation, 1.60cm x 1.68cm mass in the tip of the catheter in the right atrium, possible vegetation in the tricuspid valve with mild regurgitation, moderate mitral valve regurgitation. Later, staphylococcus epidermidis was identified in blood cultures twice, as well as the culture from the PC. The transesophageal echocardiogram found 2.41 X 0.62 cm mass appears to be a fibrin sheath, possibly remnant of a prior catheter, small perforation in the non-coronary cusp likely in the setting of healed endocarditis. Infectious disease onboard for antibiotic management. Conclusion: The art of the clinician goes beyond the available technology; it could prevent the loss of critical time as well as unnecessary studies, guiding a better assessment and treatment of our patients and potentially improving their outcomes.
Perceptions toward the Nursing Profession to Predict Attrition Factors among Female Saudi Nursing Students: Implications to Enrolment and Drop-Out
Authors: Alshutwi Dr. Sitah , Alharbi Malak , Almutairi Dalal , Alotaibi Reem
Published: September 2021

Background: The attrition rate among nursing students is a serious phenomenon; however, this issue has attracted such little attention particularly in Saudi Arabia. Objective: This study aimed to assess students’ perceptions toward nursing and the factors and intention that influenced them to drop out from the program. The study also examined the predictors of students’ perceived factors and intention to quit nursing. Design: Quantitative, correlational, and cross-sectional design. Method: A convenience sample of 162 baccalaureate nursing students was surveyed. A logistic regression analysis was implemented to examine the predictor variables on students’ perceived factors and intention to quit nursing. Results: The overall agreement of the perceptions of nursing students toward the nursing profession can be interpreted as positive. In addition, the perceived factors are strong, whereas their intention to quit nursing is low. Nursing students’ age, marital status, and having no children had significant correlations with the factors that cause drop-out from the nursing program. Having a friend or relative who is a nurse and the positive family’s reaction to enrolment to nursing had significant relationships with the low level of intention to quit nursing. The strong and positive agreement with their perceptions of nursing as a profession had predictive effects on the perceived factors that cause dropping out from the nursing program. Conclusions: Female Saudi nursing students had positive perceptions and low intention to quit nursing but strongly agreed with the factors that cause drop-outs. As previous studies showed conflicting views with the current study, a further investigation involving students (males and females) and the public on a national level is paramount to gain a clear view of nursing in the country. Students and public view of nursing can affect and influence high school students who plan to enroll into the nursing program.
Assessment of Up-Grading Nursing Students’ Knowledge and Practice towards Short Peripheral Catheters (SPCs) Care at Al-Quds University
Authors: Maraka Nida’ , Moshashe Fadwa
Published: September 2021

A short peripheral catheter is a medical device, a plastic tube inserted into a vein. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to assess knowledge and practice towards short peripheral catheter care among first-year up-grading nursing students at Al-Quds University in Palestine. A convenience sample of 90 students filled questionnaires that showed they were newly- graduated with 46.1% having low experience and an inadequate knowledge level and 57.5% having a moderate practice level, with an inverse correlation between knowledge and practice. Sessions in the simulation laboratory about peripheral catheter care should be conducted to enhance quality and safety.
Anterior Segment Examination with Slit-Lamp Biomicroscope: What Should be Highlighted?
Authors: Sakti Fazella Kirara
Published: September 2021

Ocular health assessment consists of various types of examinations that aim to find pathological conditions in the eye so that it helps ophthalmologists to diagnose and provide therapy for ocular disorders suffered by the patients. Slit-lamp biomicroscope is one of the most important eye assessments and has become the standard in assessing the pathological condition of the anterior part of the eye. This examination is performed using a stereoscopic biomicroscope instrument in combination with a bright illumination source. The results of the anterior segment examination using slit-lamp biomicroscope may provide more detailed ocular findings, such as the abnormalities of the eyelid, conjunctival lesions, abnormalities of the cornea, lens, or other parts of the anterior ocular segments. Therefore, the ability to examine slit-lamp biomicroscope is essential for the ophthalmologist. This review will discuss the eye examination using slit-lamp biomicroscope and the findings that will make it easier for clinicians to determine the direction of diagnostic approach in ocular patients.
How to measure the radial load of radial lip seals
Authors: Feldmeth Simon , Stoll Mario , Bauer Frank
Published: September 2021

The radial load of a radial lip seal indicates how strongly the sealing lip is pressed on the shaft. The radial load significantly affects the function of the seal. The German standard DIN 3761-9 describes the measurement of the radial load according to the split-shaft method but leaves room for interpretation. During the revision of the standard, a parameter study was conducted at the University of Stuttgart. This study analyses the influence of the measurement device, the mandrels and the measuring procedure on the results. Based on the study results, recommendations are derived and summarized in a best-practice guideline, which should enable an appropriate and reproducible measurement of the radial load.
Wälzfestigkeit erodierter Oberflächen im Zwei-Scheiben-Zahnradanalogieversuch
Authors: Mevissen Dieter , Küpper Ugur , Berg Thomas
Published: September 2021

Due to advances in power electronics and high-frequency process control, the technology of electrical discharge machining (EDM) has received a decisive technological boost in the last two decades to increase the achievable removal and cutting rates and to minimize the thermally influenced surface zone. At the same time, wire electrical discharge machining in particular has always been characterized by high achievable geometrical accuracy. In addition, a cup-shaped surface structure is formed in EDM as a result of the individual discharge points, which can offer targeted optimization potential with regard to tribological properties in rolling-sliding contacts. For this reason, the objective of this report is the knowledge of the contact fatigue strength of eroded surfaces in comparison to a ground reference with a focus on tribological contact conditions typical for gears.
Intercultural communicative competence formation of degree-seeking students
Authors: Chaika Oksana , Poliakova Olha , Polishchuk Oleksandr , Panarin Oleksandr , Shepel Yuri
Published: September 2021

This academic work provides an overview of a series of research directions in the sphere of intercultural communication; consequently, the objective is to establish the feasibility of introducing the theory and practice of intercultural communication for a better perception and adaptability of students to the learning process. In addition, research involves establishing the effectiveness of intercultural competence; teachers also assess their role in the educational process as well as in the process of learning foreign languages. The hypothesis of the research lies in the fact that teachers and students will more effectively acquire intercultural communication skills and abilities during the educational process in a multicultural environment. The experiment was the main research method; observation methods and questionnaire were also used. The research result involves the development of ways to effectively include the theory and practice of intercultural communication in the educational process, where knowledge and motivation are identified as important components of learning in higher education institutions.
Virtual learning in qualitative research in graduate students
Authors: Núñez Lira Luis Alberto , Sánchez Morales José Néstor , Urbano Ayala Óscar Alberto , Severino Fuentes Gino Valentino
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the research is to carry out the analysis of the virtual learning process of qualitative research in postgraduate university students during the health emergency. The methodology used is of a socio-critical paradigm, of a multi-case study, at an exploratory level. The population was made up of doctoral students in education and public management and governance from Lima universities. The instruments used were observable products of learning management, in-depth interviews, both with experts in qualitative research, students and teachers. The research allowed an approximation to reality with the use of the various mechanisms that ICT, despite their incipient dominance, both in the data collection and in the analyzes carried out, showing that connectivism does not distort learning or learning. investigation.
Higher education in times of health crisis 2020
Authors: Canales Inga Wendy Viviana , Asmat Vega Nicanor Segismundo , Engracio Salinas Jorge Aurelio , Núñez Lira Luis Alberto
Published: September 2021

The purpose was to analyze the learning processes in virtual education in students of a university in Huacho, 2020, where two categories have been considered: virtual education and skills in the context of this health emergency. From the qualitative approach, the population made up of university students was studied and the effectiveness of virtual education was obtained as a result, considered as a means of interaction between students and teachers despite the limitations: internet access, saturation of the university platform and greater teacher training in the use of technological tools. The category of competencies shows the ignorance of students about generic competences and specific competences, for which it is necessary to reinforce virtual education in the accompaniment and training of teachers and students.
Factors associated with the quality of sueño in medical students
Authors: Palacios Garay Jessica Paola , Olivares Rodriguez Pablo Celestino , Zavaleta Oliver Jenny Marianella , Gallardo-Lolandes Yanina
Published: September 2021

The present scientific investigation investigated the factors associated with the quality of sleep in medical students. Regarding the methodology, the paradigm of the present study is the positivist one, with a basic quantitative approach that makes it possible to establish associations between the research variables. Regarding the design of the research, it was limited to non-experimental and association of variables. The population was 1,420 students out of 1,420 students and a sample of 820 students was obtained through probability sampling. The technique used was the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Questionnaire Survey (ICSP) (Buysse et al., 1980). The study concluded that the quality of sleep in medical students is associated with the factors sex, age and school from which it comes, obtaining a Chi-square x2 = 84.383a, 196.433a and 422.604a respectively and p <0.05, for which establishes that personal conditions are associated with the quality of sleep in medical students.
Resilience and professional assessment of the medicine interns
Authors: Bryson Malca Walter Florencio , Gallardo-Lolandes Yanina , Vivar-Bravo Javier , Zarate-Ruíz Gustavo
Published: September 2021

The study’s objective was to know the private school of medicine interns resilience level according to the following dimensions: equanimity, personal satisfaction, feeling good alone, self-confidence and perseverance. Their professional assessment was also measured through their levels of in-depth interviews, technical procedures, and observable attitudes.  The approach used was the quantitative, basic type, with a descriptive scope. The non-probability sampling technique was used. The sample consisted of 524 medicine students, 321 women (61.3%) and 203 men (38.7%), who are currently studying in thirteen and fourteen cycle of the seventh year of university studies. For the resilience variable, the instrument used was the survey; and for the professional assessment variable, in-depth interviews were conducted, as well as observation of technical procedures and attitudes of the medicine interns at a private university. The instrument used was the questionnaire called the resilience scale. The study shows that medicine interns resilience is on an inadequate level (75,2%), and that the professional assessment presented a low level (48,9%).
E-learning in higher education in times of pandemic: A bibliographic review
Authors: Zevallos de las Casas Luisa Inés , Castañeda Sánchez Magda Isabel , Valle Chavez Rosa Amelia , Sanchez Anastacio Katherine Rosemary , Flores Farro Angélica , Gómez Carrión Christian Esteban
Published: September 2021

The research is a bibliographic review on e-learning at the higher level in times of pandemic, e-learning.  Databases were reviewed Eric, Scopus, Web of science, Dialnet, Scielo, Google scholar, digital books Likewise, the article aims to explain higher education and the pandemic, the conceptualization of e-learnig, b-learnig, connectivism theory, pedagogical dimensions of the E -Learnig, online activities, and the educational inequalities in times of pandemic. The review of this literature allowed us to reach the following conclusions: e-learning are applications and tools that rely on ICT to facilitate learning, from a pedagogical approach through e-learning, students learn autonomously and independently. The impact on higher education has been dramatic and transformative, and a common trend in education systems around the world has been to respond to the pandemic with “emergency e-learning” protocols, marking a rapid transition from face-to-face classes to learning systems online.
Impact of formative assessment on autonomous learning in times of covid-19
Authors: Pajuelo Purizaca Marianela del Rosario , Coba Pajuelo Melina Nathali , Santa María Relaiza Héctor Raúl , Alcas Zapata Noel
Published: September 2021

In 2020, face-to-face education ceased to be applied in colleges and higher education entities, starting virtual education in the framework of the health emergency caused by Covid-19. The research had a non-experimental design, cross-sectional causal correlation. The sample consisted of 405 high school students, selected by random non-probability sampling. Questionnaires were used for both variables measured with a Likert scale from 1 to 5 points; both with 19 items; The first was the SAFL-Q formative assessment scale for students, it has five dimensions; the second was the adapted CETA self-learning questionnaire for students, which has six dimensions. The first questionnaire has an acceptable reliability value (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.941, 95% CI) and the second, self-regulated learning with an acceptable reliability value (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.946, 95% CI). The results indicate that formative assessment significantly influences autonomous learning and its dimensions respectively.
Digital skills and complex thinking in engineering students of a particular university in Lima in times of pandemic
Authors: Valenzuela Fernández Luis Alex , Cadenillas Albornoz Violeta , Zavala Alfaro Blanca Soledad , Suazo Zárate Jean Paul , Ulloa-Silvestre Cesar
Published: September 2021

This article focuses on the relationship of digital skills and complex thinking in engineering students from a private university in Lima, Peru. A non-experimental, descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional quantitative study was carried out. The sample consisted of 175 engineering students who were administered the questionnaires developed in Google Forms for digital skills and the complex XXI scale to measure complex thinking with reliability values of .965 and .941 respectively for the alpha of Cronbach. The descriptive results showed that 48% of the respondents were found at the medium level of digital skills and that in the case of complex thinking there was a significant tie between the medium and high levels (approximately 41%). It was concluded that there was a strong and positive correlation between digital skills and complex thinking (Pearson's correlation = .759). In addition, four dimensions of digital literacy were evaluated (information management, communication management, wearable technology management and organizational aspects) which showed a positive and moderate relationship with complex thinking.
Flipped classroom as a didactic strategy to develop self-regulated learning in university students
Authors: Palacios Garay Jessica Paola , Olivares Rodríguez Pablo Celestino , Zavaleta Oliver Jenny Marianella , Arellanos Tafur Olga Natividad
Published: September 2021

The research entitled Flipped classroom as a didactic strategy to develop self-regulated learning in university students, was carried out in order to verify the effectiveness of the use of the flipped classroom strategy in the development of self-regulated learning. The type of research was applied, taking into account a quantitative approach, with an experimental, quasi-experimental design; where a program was applied with the use of the didactic strategy and, for self-regulated learning, a questionnaire before and after the application of the independent variable. The population consisted of 200 students from the III cycle of the education career of a public university. The technique will be the survey and, the instrument, a questionnaire for the validated dependent variable; through expert judgments and reliability with a pilot test. For the results, the Mann Whitney U test was applied, where it is concluded that the flipped classroom program influences self-regulated learning in students; since highly significant differences were found (z = –12.004; p <0.000).
The Effect of Hesperidin, Chrysin, and Naringenin on Somatic Cell Count in Mastitis Dairy Cows After Multiple Intramammary Administration
Authors: Burmańczuk Artur , Wojciechowska Beata , Gbylik-Sikorska Małgorzata , Gajda Anna , Markiewicz Włodzimierz , Sosin Ewa , Grabowski Tomasz
Published: September 2021

Hesperidin (HE), chrysin (CH) and naringenin (NA) are flavonoids, being the most important group of polyphenols, and show anti-inflammatory properties which have been demonstrated on various models. Polyphenols have a lot of biological properties, such as antioxidative, antiviral, immunomodulatory and anticancer activities. However, the effect on mastitis has not been yet described. This research aimed to analyse the tolerability of selected polyphenols after multiple intramammary administrations (IMM) as well as to investigate their potential impact on somatic cell count (SCC) in mastitis dairy cows. The study was performed on 12 Polish Holstein Blackand- White cows in their 4th to 6th lactation. Only animals with inflammation in one-quarter of the udder were selected. The selection was based on SCC and clinical assessment. The experiment was performed with multiple intramammary administrations with each of these polyphenols in dairy cows affected with mastitis. Polyphenols were administered at a dose of 30 mg/quarter/day. Milk samples for SCC, blood plasma samples for pharmacokinetics and blood haematology and biochemistry (selected blood parameters were tested) were collected at baseline, treatment period and within the recovery period. Positive effects concerning the SCC in milk of mastitic cows were confirmed for all tested polyphenols.
Epigenetic states of genes controlling immune responsiveness in bovine chronic mastitis
Authors: Semik-Gurgul Ewelina , Ząbek Tomasz , Kawecka-Grochocka Ewelina , Zalewska Magdalena , Kościuczuk Ewa , Bagnicka Emilia
Published: September 2021

Mastitis is a common disease in dairy cows, causing substantial economic losses. The leading cause of elevated milk somatic cell count (SC), which is the best indicator for detecting mastitis, is the invasion of pathogens. A major pathogen responsible for bovine mastitis is Staphylococcus aureus, a member of the coagulase-positive staphylococci. Some strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci can also be a cause of clinical or subclinical mastitis. Our study used bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP) to detect the methylation status of nine candidate genes (CCL2, HCK, F11R, CD8A, PDIA3, LGMN, HSPA1A, IL18 and NFKBIA). We investigated the mechanisms associated with overexpression of these genes, in the mammary gland secretory tissue of cows diagnosed with mastitis and infected with coagulase-positive or coagulase-negative staphylococci. The results showed no changes at the DNA methylation level between the mastitis (CoPS and CoNS) and control groups (H), except for in the HCK region, where the observed differences between the CoPS and H groups were statistically significant. The low methylation level of the CpG sequence seems not to correspond to the previously observed increased activity of these genes, suggesting that mechanisms other than DNA methylation may control mRNA expression at the analyzed loci.
Temporal Trends in Performance and Hatchability Traits of Eight Strains of Hens Covered by the Gene Pool Protection Programme in Poland
Authors: Obrzut Joanna , Calik Jolanta , Krawczyk Józefa
Published: September 2021

The aim of the study was to determine trends in performance and hatchability traits of eight strains of hens that have been covered by the gene pool protection programme in Poland over ten years/generations. The study involved conservation populations of laying hens: Greenleg Partridge (Z-11), Yellowleg Partridge (Ż-33), Sussex (S-66), Leghorn (H-22, G99), Rhode Island Red (R-11, K-22) and Rhode Island White (A-33), which were maintained at the Experimental Station of the National Research Institute of Animal Production in Chorzelów. The following productive traits were analysed for each population: body weight at 20 wk (g), egg weight at 33 and 53 wk, sexual maturity and number of eggs laid per hen up to 56 wk of age. Mortality and culling were also recorded during rearing and production periods. Furthermore, effective population size (Ne) and inbreeding coefficient in the population (Fx) were calculated for each strain. The analysis of the performance results of the eight strains of hens and their trends indicate that the methods of conservation breeding adopted for these populations enable effective implementation of the conservation programme. The strains were found to differ in all the performance traits subjected to evaluation. Over the 10 generations, the strains examined showed high survival and hatchability parameters during both rearing and production periods. The currently used random mating system proved effective to prevent the populations from an increase of inbreeding. However, a worrying downward trend in body weight was observed in some strains.
Selected metabolic, epigenetic, nitration and redox parameters in turkeys fed diets with different levels of arginine and methionine
Authors: Całyniuk Zuzanna , Mikulski Dariusz , Krauze Magdalena , Ognik Katarzyna , Jankowski Jan
Published: September 2021

The amino acid guidelines formulated by British United Turkeys postulate higher levels of lysine (Lys) in turkey diets than those recommended by the National Research Council. However, any modifications in the Lys content of turkey diets should be accompanied by changes in the inclusion rates of other amino acids, including methionine (Met) and arginine (Arg). The research hypothesis postulates that the appropriate inclusion levels and ratios of arginine and methionine in turkey diets with high lysine content can improve the antioxidant status of turkeys without compromising their metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of different Arg and Met ratios in Lys-rich diets on biochemical indicators, redox status and epigenetic changes in turkeys. The turkeys were assigned to six groups with eight replicates per group and 18 birds per replicate. Six feeding programs, with three dietary Arg levels (90%, 100% and 110%) and two dietary Met levels (30% and 45%) relative to dietary Lys content were compared. During each of the four feeding phases, birds were fed ad libitum isocaloric diets with high Lys content. Our results show that in growing turkeys fed diets with high Lys content, the inclusion rate of Arg can be set at 90% of Lys content with no negative effects on their antioxidant status, metabolism or performance. Diets with high Arg content (110% Lys) are not recommended due to the risk of lipid and protein damage, and an undesirable increase in insulin and T4 levels. Regardless of dietary Arg levels, an increase in the Met inclusion rate from 30% to 45% of Lys content minimizes the oxidation of lipids, proteins and DNA, and increases the antioxidant defense potential of turkeys.
Evaluation of green space systems in small towns of Kyiv region
Authors: Yukhnovskyi Vasyl Yu. , Zibtseva Olha V. , Debryniuk Iurii M.
Published: September 2021

We analysed the current state of greening of small towns in the Kyiv region; small towns constitute 80% of all towns and cities in the region. A difference is shown to exist between the classification of green plantings that is used in Ukraine and the world-wide approach of green infrastructure. This makes it incorrect to compare the indicators of landscaping of towns in Ukraine against those of other countries. Based on the data of Master Plans of towns, the generally accepted indicators of landscaping of urban areas were calculated: provision of greenery per capita and level of landscaping. These indicators of landscaping for small towns were analysed according to different approaches. It is found that, according to the traditional calculation, the provision of green plantations exceeds 300 m2
per capita for only 5% of small towns of the region, but for 70% according to the approach of green infrastructure. The provision of green areas for public use meets the established state standards (8–11 m2
per capita) for only 35% of small towns in the region. Small towns are grouped into four clusters according to the similarity of landscaping indicators, where only the difference in the availability of green plantings of public use was unreliable among the clusters.
Recycling of municipal waste in Slovak cities
Authors: Škamlová Lucia , Klobučník Michal
Published: September 2021

Among the most urgent topics within waste management policy is the gradual transition of the economy from a linear model towards a circular economy with a more sustainable way of using resources. The European Union has responded to these changes by passing new legislation and ambitious targets so that all member states can quickly work towards achieving a greener and more sustainable Europe. However, the starting position for achieving the desired goals differs significantly from one country to another. In this paper, we therefore looked at the position of Slovakia in relation to selected waste management indicators, and at the measures taken so far. Moreover, since waste management falls under one of the many public benefit services provided under the remit of local governments, we also monitored the specific contribution of Slovak cities to the newly established trend of waste management in the country.
Mapping paradigm shifts in the geography of innovation
Authors: Oláh Dániel , Alpek Levente Balázs
Published: September 2021

The study quantifies important theoretical tendencies in the geography of innovation in a historical view based on a novel big-data approach. It shows that the field was “born” only in the nineteen eighties after long periods (i.e. the first half of the 20th century) of analysing economic growth and regional development without endogenising the production process of innovation. The paper presents important shifts in the basic assumptions of models with the increasing use of the terms “economic instability” or “asymmetric information” instead of “economic equilibrium” and “perfect information”. These mean a deviation from traditional neoclassical regional economics, which is reflected in the fact that “geography of innovation” gained the same level of popularity in the 2000s as “industrial geography”. The paper shows that although the decline of the Marshallian term “industrial district” stopped in parallel with the work of Becattini, a new innovation systems theory took over the relative frequency of mention of the industrial district by the turn of the new millennium.
Arbeitszeitbedarf von aktuellen Gruppenhaltungsverfahren des Wartebereichs in konventioneller Zuchtsauenhaltung in Österreich
Authors: Quendler Elisabeth , Kaufmann Robert , Schick Matthias
Published: September 2021

In der konventionellen Zuchtsauenhaltung ist es wichtig, die verfügbare Arbeitszeit so effizient wie möglich zu nutzen, um den größtmöglichen einzelbetrieblichen Erfolg unter Einhaltung rechtlicher Produktionsvorgaben sicherzustellen. Dies kann durch das Bereitstellen von aktuellen Planungsdaten in Form von Arbeitszeitbedarfswerten unterstützt werden. Ziel dieser Studie war daher, Arbeitszeitdaten von aktuellen Gruppenhaltungsverfahren des Wartebereichs in der konventionellen Zuchtsauenhaltung zu gene-rieren. Dafür wurden bei den Haltungsverfahren Kleingruppenhaltung mit Fressliegebucht und Großgruppenhaltung mit Abruf-station eine Datenerhebung mit mobiler Videotechnik und halbstandardisierten Fragebogen an vier landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben mit aktueller Technik durchgeführt. Mit den daraus gewonnenen Planzeiten wurden unter optimierten Bedingungen Betriebsmodelle erstellt, um für verschiedene Betriebsgrößen, den Arbeitszeitbedarf von Haltungsverfahren und Arbeitsvorgängen zu model-lieren und darzustellen. Beide Haltungsverfahren unterschieden sich teilweise im Arbeitszeitbedarf nach Arbeitsvorgängen sowie im Gesamtarbeitszeitbedarf bei verschiedenen modellierten Bestandsgrößen signifikant voneinander. Der Gesamtarbeitszeitbedarf im Wartebereich bei einer Bestandsgröße von 140 Zuchtsauen lag bei der Kleingruppe bei 3,58 AKh/Sau/Jahr und bei der Großgruppe bei 2,68 AKh/Sau/Jahr. Gegenüber Ergebnissen älterer Studien belegte sich der Trend einer Abnahme des Arbeitszeitbedarfs je Sau und Jahr. Diesen bedingte vorwiegend der technische Fortschritt, belegt über die Arbeitszeitbedarfsunterschiede nach eingesetzter Technik, und hiermit ermöglichten größeren Bestandsgrößen.
Ableitung der thermischen Bodenfunktionen anhand von Körnung und Porengrößenverteilung als Grundlage für In-situ-Vorhersagen des Bodenwärmehaushaltes
Authors: Horn Rainer , Lu Yili , Ren Tusheng , Horton Robert , Mordhorst Anneka , Fleige Heiner
Published: September 2021

Zu den Beeinträchtigungen natürlicher Bodenfunktionen auf Leitungsbaustellen (wie z. B. zur Strom- und Fernwärmeversorgung) zählen neben Bodenstruktur- und Porenfunktionsstörungen auch Veränderungen der standortspezifisch variablen thermischhydraulischen Eigenschaften im Bereich der Leitungsgräben.

Auf der Grundlage der in der „KA5“ (Ad-hoc-AG Boden, 2005) zusammengestellten Werte der Porengrößenverteilung für die einzelnen Bodenarten lassen sich für unterschiedliche Trockenrohdichtebereiche mithilfe des mathematischen Modells von Xie et al. (2018) die volumetrische Wärmekapazität (C), Wärme- (λ) und Temperaturleitfähigkeit (k) in Abhängigkeit vom Matrixpotenzial (pF-Wert) berechnen. Diese berechneten Daten werden tabellarisch für das Bodenartenspektrum nach KA5 dargestellt sowie exemplarisch für ausgewählte Bodenarten (Sl3, Lt2, Tu3) und Klassenbereiche der Trockenrohdichte veranschaulicht.

Es zeigen sich die typischen Kurvenverläufe für C (linearer Anstieg), λ (zunehmend abflachender Anstieg) und k (Anstieg mit Umkehr zu negativer Steigung) und deren Zunahme mit steigender Trockenrohdichte (1,1–1,7 g cm−3). k variiert unter Berücksichtigung der Anteile aus Ton, Schluff und Sand innerhalb der Bodenarten. Hier unterscheiden sich die Kurvenverläufe zwischen geringer und hoher Trockenrohdichte beispielsweise stärker für „Sl3“ als für die feinkörnigere Bodenart „Tu3“. Mithilfe dieser Datensätze lassen sich u. a. Veränderungen des Wärmehaushaltes und der thermisch-hydraulischen Bodeneigenschaften bei Leitungsvorhaben vor Beginn der Baumaßnahmen prognostizieren, werden insbesondere Bodenart und Trockenrohdichte anhand von Bohrstockkartierungen auf diesen Standorten bestimmt.
The ketogenic diet: a co-therapy in the treatment of mood disorders and obesity - a case report
Authors: Pieklik Agata , Pawlaczyk Martyna , Rog Joanna , Karakuła-Juchnowicz Hanna
Published: September 2021

Introduction: There has been a growing interest in the ketogenic diet (KD) due to its suggested therapeutic potential to support numerous chronic diseases. KD is characterized by high amounts of fats and a reduced amount of carbohydrates and protein intake. During following the nutrition protocol, ketones are synthesised, which are the primary source of energy. The elevated concentration of ketones in blood serum inhibits hunger, what leads to reduced body weight. Some authors suggest KD has antidepressant potential and could stabilise mood by affecting neurotransmitters homeostasis in the central nervous system.

Material and methods: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of KD on body weight reduction and improvement of mood in the patients with mood disorder diagnosis. To interpret the results of nutritional intervention, the laboratory parameters and structuralised scales and questionnaires were used.

Results: After following 4-week therapy, the reduction of body weight, correction of some laboratory measurements and reduction in mood symptoms were noticed.

Conclusions: The ketogenic diet affects the anthropometric measurements. However, a variety of simultaneous therapeutic approaches makes impossible determination of the effect on depressive symptoms.
When does schizophrenia really begin? - A case report confirming the neurodevelopmental theory of schizophrenia
Authors: Szarpak Julita , Ciejka Karol , Perczyńska Weronika , Flis Michał , Wróbel-Knybel Paulina
Published: September 2021

Introduction: According to the neurodevelopmental theory, schizophrenia is a cognitive-behavioral manifestation of the non-physiological development of the CNS, which was caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors during its formation.

Aim, material and methodology: The aim of this article is to present a clinical case in which exposure to numerous adverse environmental factors in the pre and postnatal period could cause the development of schizophrenia in adulthood. The analysis of the clinical case and the medical records of a patient diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, suffering from numerous perinatal complications, was performed.

Case report: A woman, 23 years old, unmarried, studying at post-secondary school - archivistics. Currently, psychiatrically hospitalized for the second time. A patient from the first, twin, fraternal pregnancy. The delivery took place by caesarean section, complicated. In the APGAR scale, she scored 4 points in the 1st minute, and 6 points in the 3rd minute. By day 30, the patient had experienced preterm retinopathy, viral infection, salmonella, jaundice and anemia. In the second month of her life, she was treated with surgery due to intestinal obstruction. Psychomotor development was disturbed. At 9 years of age, there was a retinal detachment. Until the end of junior high school, she was educated in a special school for the visually impaired.

Conclusions: The neurodevelopmental theory assumes that the increased risk of developing schizophrenia is associated with unfavorable factors in the developmental period. Identifying the causes underlying the development of the disease is a key step towards prevention, more efficient diagnosis, and improvement of the effectiveness of treatment of patients suffering from this disease.