bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FBMC + Security – A New Candidate for 5G
Authors:   Assistant Professor in the Department of ECE in SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Jayapalan* Avila , Savarinathan Prem ,   Assistant Professor-III in SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Munusamy Madhumitha ,   M.Tech(Communication System) in SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, Karuppasamy Thenmozhi ,   Dean of School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering in SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur.
Published: February 2020

Recent researches and discussions stress the need for waveforms with better spectral efficiency which could be obtained by Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). OFDM supports multicarrier communication and is capable of mitigating Inter Symbol Interference. Hence there is no need of equalizer at the receiving side. Human life has become easy and comfortable due to the rapid of wireless technology. At the same time there is an increase in the number of malicious users and the threat created by them for secure data transmission is noteworthy. Hence this work aims at to provide a solution which could solve the above discussed issues. Filter banks with multicarrier communication systems has gained popularity because of its capability to overcome the spectral leakage. Hence filter banks are placed instead of cyclic prefix. Near perfect reconstruction filter has been utilized to reduce the leakage. Further, Secure data transmission is accomplished by means of authentication tag. Pseudo Noise (PN) sequence named XOROSHIRO has been generated and appended with the information to be transmitted. At the receiving end only the information with authentication tag is accepted and the rest are omitted. FBMC system together with the authentication tag improves the spectral efficiency and also ensures safe and successful communication.
An Innovative Procedure for Efficient Mining of Closed Top-K High Utility Itemsets
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science And Engineering,, St. Peter’s College of Engineering And Technology, Chennai, India., Joe* J. Wisely , Ibrahim Dr. S. P. Syed ,   Professor, Department of Computer Science And Engineering,, St. Peter’s College of Engineering And Technology, Chennai, India.
Published: February 2020

High utilization itemset (HUI) mining is the fastest growing ground in association finding between the items. It is a process of finding the itemsets with higher utility values which participates in profitable decision making. The generated HUIs reflect the frequency, importance, profit or the utility of the items present in the database. Proper minimum threshold setting is very difficult for the end users without the knowledge of the data present in the database. Minimum user threshold extracts more number of candidate sets . Higher user threshold gives less number of candidate sets and very few high utility itemsets . In both the cases, the process is inefficient. Some algorithms produce more number of candidate itemsets as HUIs. The set of HUIs may degrade the performance of the candidate set mining by increasing the storage and time when the database has very large number of transactions. The number of candidate itemsets involved in the generation of HUIs may also slow down the entire process. The proposed novel strategy for tapping top-k closed high utility itemsets out of the set of candidate sets addresses these issues . The user defined integer k is the needed count of HUIs to be extracted out of the quality itemsets. The algorithm does not require the user to set the minimum utilization threshold .The closure property is merged with the pruning process and improves the productivity. The results transparently show that the k-closed high utility itemsets generated using this algorithm are productive, profitable and very concise when compared with existing approaches.
Protein Secondary Structure Prediction using Recurrent Neural Networks
Authors:   Research Scholar, Computer Science and Engineering,AnnamalaiUniversity,India, R Thendral , AN Dr.Sigappi. ,   Professor, Computer Science Engineering,Annamalai University,India
Published: February 2020

In bioinformatics the prediction of the secondary structure of the protein from its primary amino acid sequence is very difficult, which has a huge impact on the field of science and medicine. The hardest part is how to learn the most effective and correct protein features to improve prediction. Here, we carry out a deep learning model to enhance structure prediction. The core achievement of this paper is a group of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) that can manage high-level relational features from a pair of input protein sequence and target protein sequences. This paper contrasts the different type of recurrent network in recurrent neural networks (RNNs). In addition, the emphasis is on more advanced systems which incorporate a gating utility is called long short term memory (LSTM) unit and the newly added gated recurrent unit (GRU). This recurrent units has been calculated on the basis of predicting protein secondary structure using an amino acid sequence. The dataset has been taken from a publicly available database server (RCSB), and this study shows that advanced recurrent units LSTM is better than GRU for a long protein sequence.
Kebijakan pengembangan peternakan berbasis kawasan: Studi kasus di Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Mayulu Hamdi , Daru Taufan Purwokusumaning
Published: February 2020

Pembangunan peternakan merupakan reorientasi kebijakan pertanian yang memiliki paradigma baru, yakni: secara makro berpihak kepada rakyat, pendelegasian tanggung jawab, perubahan struktur, dan pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pendekatan usaha berkelanjutan, modern, serta profesional dengan memanfaatkan inovasi teknologi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi usaha. Pengembangan peternakan memerlukan sinergitas antara pemerintah, swasta, dan peternak skala kecil. Penetapan aturan, menyelenggarakan pengaturan, pembinaan, pengendalian, dan pengawasan produk merupakan peran pemerintah, sedangkan swasta, serta masyarakat berperan mewujudkan kecukupan produk peternakan, melaksanakan kegiatan produksi, perdagangan serta distribusi produk.  Kebijakan pembangunan peternakan difokuskan pada lokasi khusus untuk ternak spesifik, dan didukung oleh sumber daya alam. Pengembangan peternakan tidak serta-merta mengikuti kebijakan kawasan, perlu kajian mendalam dan mendekati parameter usaha peternakan, serta karakteristik kawasan, agar mampu dimanfaatkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ternak.  Kebijakan peningkatan populasi, dan produktivitas ruminansia belum menghasilkan dampak maksimal. Penurunan populasi menjadi kecenderungan fakta di lapangan, dan menimbulkan problema utama. Produktivitas belum dapat dibuktikan secara nyata, pemotongan ternak ruminansia rata-rata berada di bawah bobot ideal merupakan indikator utama. Pengembangan peternakan memerlukan pengelompokan basis wilayah yang disesuaikan dengan daya dukung sebagai model pengembangan ke depan. Strategi pendekatan wilayah dilakukan berdasarkan pertimbangan: 1) Pengembangan ternak tidak mungkin dilaksanakan di semua wilayah, karena keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, dan lahan; 2) Usaha peternakan berdasarkan kelayakan ekonomis ekonomis, tidak mungkin dipenuhi oleh semua wilayah; 3) Terbatasnya alokasi dana investasi, cenderung tidak optimal bila terbagi ke seluruh wilayah; dan 4) Pengembangan usaha peternakan pada wilayah potensial memberikan dampak pembangunan fasilitas yang tepat sasaran.
Penentuan karakteristik fisiko-kimia beberapa jenis madu menggunakan metode konvensional dan metode kimia
Authors: Prabowo Sulistyo , Yuliani Yuliani , Prayitno Yudha Agus , Lestari Kholida , Kusesvara Aprillia
Published: February 2020

Madu merupakan cairan hasil metabolisme lebah madu yang sangat bermanfaat untuk kesehatan dan harganya relatif mahal. Hal tersebut sering memunculkan penyalahgunaan madu oleh orang yang tidak bertanggung jawab dengan membuat madu tiruan. Masyarakat awam seringkali dibingungkan dengan peredaran madu palsu tersebut sehingga muncul ‘teori-teori konvensional’ untuk menyatakan suatu madu asli atau palsu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi beberapa metode konvensional pengujian keaslian madu yang sering dipraktekkan oleh masyarakat awam. Lima jenis madu (dua sampel madu diambil dari Banten dan Kalimantan Timur yang diyakini keasliannya, dua sampel yang diragukan keasliannya dan satu jenis komersial) diuji menggunakan metode uji larut, uji keruh, uji buih, uji pemanasan, dan uji segienam. Sebagai pembanding dilakukan juga analisis secara kimia (kadar abu, padatan tak larut dalam air, keasaman) dan uji mikrobiologi. Masing-masing jenis madu diuji tiga ulangan untuk setiap parameter uji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa melalui uji-uji konvensional dan uji kimia biasa masih belum dapat memastikan kemurnian madu.
Pengaruh pre-treatment dalam pengolahan terhadap karakteristik fisiko-kimia dan sensoris tepung ubi jalar kuning (Ipomea batatas L.)
Authors: L Kristoporus , Saragih Bernatal
Published: February 2020

Ubi jalar kuning selain memiliki karbohidrat yang tinggi juga memiliki antioksidan tinggi. Ubi jalar kuning dapat diolah menjadi tepung sebagai alternatif yang direkomendasikan karena tahan lama untuk disimpan, mudah dicampur, diperkaya dengan nutrisi dan praktis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode pengolahan terhadap sifat fisiko kimia dan sensoris tepung ubi jalar kuning. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap 6 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Faktor yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah pre-treatment dalam pengolahan tepung ubi jalar kuning yaitu pencacahan; pencacahan dan pengukusan; pemarutan; pemarutan dan pengukusan;pemarutan dan peragian; pemarutan, pengukusan dan peragian. Parameter yang diuji dalam penelitian ini adalah sifat kimia meliputi kadar air dan kadar abu, sifat fisik meliputi densitas kamba, wettability, dan daya serap air, sedangkan sifat sensoris meliputi uji tekstur, aroma dan warna. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT pada taraf α 5%. Metode pengolahan dengan pencacahan yang dilanjutkan dengan pengeringan memberikan tepung ubi jalar kuning dengan respon sensoris terbaik (suka untuk tekstur, aroma dan warna) dengan karakteristik fisiko-kimia untuk kadar air, kadar abu, densitas kamba, wettability dan daya sertap air berturut-turu 5,16%, 3,08%, 0,61 g.mL-1, 58,33 detik dan 1,70 g.
Passive Leadership Styles Influence on Employees’ Performance in Kenya
Authors: Ing’ollan Daniel Nawose , Roussel Josse
Published: February 2020

The issue of leadership influences the performance in many areas and although the area has been researched the relationship between the style that leaders adopt and its impact on performance is not well known. This is because employees respond differently to every style and if you combine whole style it emerges that some styles yield better in certain sectors and poorly in certain areas. This is why this study sought to examine how leaders who adopt passive styles influence performance in the county government.
“I WRITE LETTER, AND AROUND GOES BATTLE”: CULTURAL GAPS IN WARTIME
Authors: Kimerling Anna
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the features of the wartime culture. The source was a unique collection of letters from the fronts of World War II, written by political instructor Arkady Georgievich Endaltsev. The war led to the breakdown of familiar cultural models. It is important to understand how, adaptation to new standards occurred on an individual level. For A. Endaltsev, family care practices were a way to bridge cultural gaps. They are reflected in the letters. There, framed by ideologically verified stamps, one can find financial assistance to the family, control over the education of the daughter, the need for a continuous flow of information about the life of the wife and children.
STRES KERJA PERAWAT DIRUANG RAWAT INAP RSUD H. A. SULTHAN DAENG RADJA KABUPATEN BULUKUMBA
Authors: Hasbi Nur Awaliyah , Fatmawati  , Alfira Nadia
Published: February 2020

Stress is a physical and psychological reaction to environmental demands on a person. Nurse work stress is a condition of the results of an individual's subjective appreciation which can be in the form of interactions between individuals and the work environment that can threaten and stress psychologically, physiologically and nurses' behavior. According to a survey from the 2015 PPNI (Indonesian National Nurses Association), 51% of nurses experienced stress at work, were tired, were not friendly, often had dizziness, lack of rest due to high workload and inadequate income. If this is left unchecked it will certainly have a worse impact. From the results of a preliminary study conducted by researchers, the number of nurses in the inpatient room is 171 nurses spread in several rooms. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the work stress of nurses in the inpatient hospital of H. A. Sulthan Dg Radja Bulukumba Regency. This research uses descriptive design with cross sectional survey approach. The population in this study was 171 people. The sample in this study were 95 people with a sampling method using probability sampling method with sampling techniques using proportional stratified random sampling. The results of the study found that nurses work stress levels were most at mild stress levels of 54 respondents (56.8%), while moderate stress levels were 41 respondents (43.2%). The conclusion of this study is nurses in the inpatient hospital H. A. Sulthan Dg Radja Bulukumba Regency in 2018 shows that the majority of nurses tend to experience work stress at a mild level of 84 respondents (88.4%). It is recommended for health workers, especially nurses to need to do effective stress management in the form of relaxation techniques, time management, good problem solving and so on.
Perbedaan Efek Pijat Oksitosin dan Perawatan Payudara terhadap Produksi ASI pada Ibu Nifas di Kota Pekalongan
Authors: Jannah Miftachul , Kusumawardani Dian , Setyowati Ana
Published: February 2020

Masa nifas adalah periode penting seorang ibu yang disertai dengan penambahan tanggung jawabbaru, yaitu pemberian ASI kepada bayi yang dilahirkannya. Namun, masih banyak ibu yang mengalamikesulitan dalam menyusui bayinya karena kurangnya produksi ASI. Perawatan payudara dan pijat oksitosindiketahui dapat membantu ibu nifas mengatasi permasalahan produksi ASI. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahui perbedaan efek perawatan payudara dan pijat oksitosin terhadap produksi ASI pada ibu nifas.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode quasi eksperiment dengan memberikan intervensi perawatanpayudara dan pijat oksitosin kepada 30 ibu nifas. hasil uji statistik Wilcoxon untuk data perawatan payudaramenunjukkan nilai p 0.001 dan uji statistik paired t-test untuk data pijat oksitosin dengan nilai p 0.000. keduahasil uji statistik menunjukkan adanya kesamaan peningkatan produksi ASI setelah tindakan perawatanpayudara dan pijat oksitosin pada ibu nifas.
Perbedaan Nyeri Sebelum dan Sesudah Dilakukan Teknik Relaksasi pada Pasien Sectio Caesarea di Rumah Sakit Grand Medlubuk Pakam
Authors: Wulan Sri , Gurusinga Rahmad
Published: February 2020

Operasi Caesar adalah proses persalinan yang dilakukan dengan cara melahirkan janin dengan membuat sayatan pada dinding uterus melalui dinding depan perut atau vagina. Nyeri yang dirasakan ibu pasca sectio caesarea berasal dari luka yang terdapat dari perut. Nyeri adalah pengalaman sensori dan emosional yang tidak menyenangkan akibat dari kerusakan jaringan yang aktual atau potensial. Tingkat dan keparahan nyeri pasca operatif terganggu pada fisiologis dan psikologis individu dan toleransi yang ditimbulkan nyeri. Rasa nyeri berbeda pada setiap individu. Melalui pengalaman nyeri, manusia mengembangkan beraneka mekanisme untuk mengatasi nyeri.

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan nyeri sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan

teknik relaksasi pada pasien section caesarea di Rumah Sakit Grandmed Lubuk Pakam. Jenis penelitian ini adalah pre eksperimen dengan model rancangan one group pretest postest. Data diambil dengan menggunakan lembar observasi yang selanjutnya dianalisa. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah pasien sectio caesarea di Rumah Sakit Umum Grandmed Lubuk Pakam sebanyak 11 orang. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik dengan menggunakan uji t-Test menunjukan bahwa p_Value=0.002<0.05 yang artinya ada perbedaan nyeri sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan teknik relaksasi pada pasien section caesarea di Rumah Sakit Grandmed Lubuk Pakam. Disarankan agar dapat menerapkan teknik relaksasi apabila terjadi nyeri sehingga dapat menjadikan pasien mandiri.
Berat Badan Lahir Rendah Berpengaruh terhadap Kejadian Anemia Defisiensi Besi di Wilayah Puskesmas Jatilawang Kabupaten Banyumas
Authors: Dewi Sawitri
Published: February 2020

Anemia defisiensi besi (ADB) merupakan penyakit nutrisi yang banyak terjadi di seluruh dunia, hal ini berpengaruh kepada perempuan pada masa reproduksi dan anak- anak usia kurang dari 5 tahun dan menyebabkan masalah kesehatan yang serius seperti penurunan kecerdasan dan perkembangan motorik serta perilaku. Beberapa hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa ADB berkaitan dengan prematur atau bayi berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR), jenis kelamin, dan durasi menyusui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berkaitan dengan kejadian anemia defisiensi besi berdasarkan jenis kelamin, riwayat kelahiran prematur atau BBLR , riwayat pemberian ASI Eksklusif dan status gizi pada anak usia 12- 36 bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Jatilawang Kabupaten Banyumas. Penelitian crosssectional, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 153 balita. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner dan pengukuran berat badan untuk menilai status gizi balita serta pemeriksaan sampel darah untuk mengetahui kadar Hb dan feritin serum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi kejadian ADB di wilayah Puskesmas Jatilawang sebesar 18,4%. Balita dengan jenis kelamin laki- laki memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap kejadian ADB (OR: 230,53) dan dengan riwayat kelahiran premature/ BBLR memiliki hubungan yang signifikan besar kedua (OR : 141,32). Sedangkan riwayat pemberian ASI Eksklusif dan balita dengan status gizi kurang memiliki risiko sebesar 61 kali dan 10,4 kali mengalami ADB. Program skrinning anemia defisiensi besi pada anak balita perlu dilakukan oleh pemerintah sebagai salah satu upaya penanggulangan dini kejadian anemia.
ANALISIS MENU UNTUK MENENTUKAN STRATEGI BAURAN PEMASARAN PADA BUNUT CAFÉ DI HOTEL WHITE ROSE LEGIAN KUTA
Authors: Suryawati Dewa Ayu , Osin Rosvita Flaviana
Published: February 2020

Perkembangan industri pariwisata baik berupa hotel, restoran, dan tempat-tempat rekreasi lainnya turut mengiringi perkembangan pariwisata di Bali. Banyaknya industri pariwisata yang berkembang khususnya restoran, menimbulkan persaingan semakin ketat. Semua pelaku industri restoran menginginkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dalam usahanya. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, salah satu yang bisa dilakukan adalah menganalisis menu yang dijual untuk menentukan strategi bauran pemasaran sehingga dapat mencapai keuntungan yang diinginkan secara optimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan memaparkan tingkat popularitas dari menu a’la carte untuk lunch dan dinner serta menentukan strategi buaran pemasaran apa yang harus diambil oleh pihak manajemen hotel.Dalam penelitian ini digunakan data kualitatif dan kuantitatif yaitu data-data yang berupa informasi dan angka-angka dari data intern dan ekstern. Data ini dikumpulkan dan diolah dengan teknik analisis menu engineering. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa dari keseluruhan a’la carte menu yang ditawarkan pada Bunut Café dari 74 makanan , 29,73% atau 22 item tergolong menu Star (popular dan menguntungkan), 25.68% atau 19 item menu tergolong kelas menu Plowhorse (popular tetapi tidak menguntungkan), 28.38% atau 21 item tergolong kelas menu Puzzle (tidak popular tetapi menguntungkan), 16.22% atau 12 item tergolong kelas menu Dog (tidak popular dan tidak menguntungkan).

Kata kunci: Analisis Menu, Strategi, Bauran Pemasaran
POLA KESANTUNAN KALIMAT PERMINTAAN PADA MODEL DIALOG ENGLISH FOR WAITER PADA MAHASISWA STIPAR TRIATMA JAYA
Authors: Antara I Made Agung Rai , Anggreni Ni Putu Yunik
Published: February 2020

Bahasa Inggris merupakan bahasa yang sangat dibutuhkan dalam industri pariwisata. Salah satunya adalah bahasa inggris untuk pramusaji atau English for Waiter. Mahasiswa STIPAR Triatma Jaya merupakan calon pekerja di industri pariwisata yang harus mampu melakukan percakapan tentang reservasi sampai menangani pembayaran di restoran menggunakan bahasa inggris dengan baik dan sopan. Salah satu hal yang sangat penting diperhatikan dalam berkomunikasi adalah kesantunan.Kesantunan berbahasa sangat penting dipahami dan dipraktekkan karena hal ini dapat dijadikan sebuah pedoman untuk berinteraksi dengan tamu dari berbagai negara yang menggunakan bahasa Inggris sebagai media untuk berkomunikasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pola kesantunan kalimat permintaan pada model dialog bahasa Inggris mahasiswa manajemen food and beverage dan pola yang paling sering digunakan mahasiswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode dokumentasi dan observasi, yaitu mendokumentasikan dialog yang sudah ditulis mahasiswa kemudian dianalisis secara deksriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pola kesantunan kalimat permintaan yang terdapat pada model dialog English for Waiter dilihat dari syntactic realization didominasi oleh modals dengan frekuensi penggunaan sebanyak 221 kali, diikuti oleh kalimat imperatif sebanyak 101 kali, interogatif. 78 x dan deklaratif 32 x.Dilihat dari leksical realization, kata yang paling sering digunakan adalah like sebanyak 60 kata dan want sebanyak 6 kata.Kata Kunci : Bahasa Inggris profesi, kesantunan, kalimat permintaan
PREDICTIVE SIMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION ORIENTED MODELING FOR THE EXTRACTION OF METAL IONS FROM SOLUTIONS INTO A NOVEL BIS-SCHIFF BASE
Authors: Nworie F. S. , Ngele S. O. , Onah J. C.
Published: February 2020

Metal ions present in waste samples, industrial effluents, acid mines and other aqueous media constitute a serious challenge in different human activities. Solvent extraction a technique for preconcentration, separation and identification of trace amount of metal ions coupled with multivariate chemometric technique was used for the determination of Fe(II) and Cr(III) from solutions in the presence of bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (SALEN). The influence of main extraction variables affecting the extraction efficiency was simultaneously studied and regression model equations illustrating the relationship between variables predicted. The extraction parameters (time of extraction, acid concentration, ligand concentration, temperature and metal concentration) were optimized using experimental designs with the contributions of the various parameters to extraction of the metal ions bound to the complexone evaluated using SPSS19.0 software. The statistically determined simulated models for the parameters were R2 = 0.946, 0.727, 0.793, 0.53, 0.53, 1.000 and F- values of 70.400, 13. 285, 15.348, 4.646 and 2.569×105 respectively for time of extraction, acid concentration, ligand concentration, temperature and metal concentration for Cr (III). For Fe (II), R2 = 0.243, 0.371, 0.519, 0.446, 1.000 and F-values of 0.964, 2.953, 4.310, 3.216 and 2.516×105 for time of extraction, acid concentration, ligand concentration, temperature and metal concentration respectively. The level of significance of the models as predicted was both lower than 5% making it feasible, efficient, reproducible and accurate. This means that metal ions at the conditions stated could be removed from waste samples, industrial effluents, acid mines and other aqueous media with extension in industrial scale application.
Double oxide film defects and the properties of aluminum castings. A review
Authors: Ahmed El-Sayed Mahmoud
Published: February 2020

Entrapped double oxide films are known to be the most detrimental defects in cast aluminium alloys. The research reported here was aimed at surveying the results of previous researches studying how these defects develop with time, with the intention of understanding their behaviour in the liquid metal once they have formed. This would give a better understanding of factors influencing the properties of light metal alloy castings which will lead to the development of improved practices by which healthier castings with reliable and more reproducible properties are obtained.
Pengaruh Kompetensi Spiritual terhadap Kedisiplinan Siswa di Lingkungan Sekolah
Authors: Al-Azwi Nadhifah Mizana , Rohmah Siti
Published: February 2020

Education is essentially a conscious effort to develop the personality that is in a person to be better, smarter, creative and innovative. Spiritual competence is character and attitude which is the deepest part of awareness in a person related to which not only recognizes the awareness of fixed values but is also creative in finding new values. Discipline is a process of training the mind and character of children gradually so that they become someone who has self-control and is useful for the community. This study aims to determine whether there is a influence between Spiritual competence and student discipline in the MTs Darul Qudwah Tegal School environment. This type of research is correlation research, which explains whether there is a  influence between variable X as an independent or independent variable (Spiritual Competence) and Y as a dependent variable (Discipline). The population in this study were some students of MTs Darul Qudwah Tegal, totaling 63 students. In this study the sampling technique used was purposive sampling technique, namely sampling data. Based on this research, spiritual competence variable (X) is obtained which influences discipline variable (Y) where there is a positive influence meaning higher variable X and higher Y variable.
Implementasi Metode Diskusi Terhadap Peningkatan Pembelajaran Kitab-Kitab Salaf
Authors: Ma’duali Firman , Siskandar  , Sunhaji Akhmad
Published: February 2020

The results found in this study are: First, the discussion method is carried out in the form of questions and answers between teachers and students when teaching the bandongan model. In this discussion each group discusses with various academics literature. This discussion is sometimes made in the SSC (Santri Study Club) model which follows the ILC (Indonesia Lawers Club) model. Besides the discussion method is also used in the form of presentations, each student is assigned to present a discussion theme in a book of salaf then discuss together the purpose of the contents of the book. Second, the discussion model in the pesantren khatamun nabiyyin is different from the discussion model in the teaching and learning process in general. If the discussion is generally carried out freely with free conclusions as well, then the discussion at the Khatamun Nabiyyin pesantren is conducted in a guided manner to explore a particular discussion, with conclusions that are free but still in accordance with the knowledge taught by the kyai or cleric.
A Preliminary Study on Collaboration in Lecture Notetaking
Authors: Crawford Michael
Published: February 2020

Notetaking is an important skill in academic listening. In second language (L2) contexts, research on this topic remains relatively limited, but is gradually increasing. However, there are still a number of gaps to be filled, one of which is collaboration. Notetaking is generally seen as a solitary activity, but having students collaborate with classmates and share their notes with one another may be beneficial. The purpose of this paper is to investigate this possibility. Learners in an intact academic listening class shared notes with each other six times over the course of one semester and answered questions about the experience. Most participants responded that they were open to sharing notes with classmates and that they found the activity useful, suggesting that it may be beneficial for the development of notetaking skills.

ノートテイキング（講義を要約しノートに書き取ること）はアカデミック・リスニングにおいて重要な学習技術である。第2言語（L2）において講義ノートをとることに関する研究は比較的少ないが、ここ数年少しずつ増えてきている。しかし、まだ取り上げられていない研究テーマがいくつかあり、その中の一つは協働学習である。講義ノートをとる事は一人で行う作業と思われがちだが、学生が自分で取った講義内容を同級生と共有することは効果的であると考えられる。本論の目的はこの可能性を探ることである。アカデミック・リスニングの授業を受講している学習者たちは1学期中６回同級生と講義内容を互いに共有し、その経験についてアンケートに答えた。その結果、学習者はノートを共有することに対しておおむね肯定的で、また効果的であると答えた。これは、同級生とノートを共有することがノートテイキング・スキルの発達につながることを示唆している。
Aspects du temps dans l’antiquité
Authors: Poirier Jean-Louis
Published: February 2020

Le temps ne peut être disjoint de l’éternité. « Image mobile de l’éternité immobile » selon Platon, dans le Timée , il permet à la réalité sensible d’être stable et de durer, en lui apportant le pouvoir d’imiter l’éternité par son mouvement cyclique. Avec le christianisme, malgré l’abandon de la figure cyclique, ordonné à une signification historique, le temps conserve ce pouvoir organisateur, dans un monde à l’image de Dieu. Mais c’est la déficience du temps, mise en scène dans les mythes de la religion gnostique, dans le contexte anxiogène d’une création ratée, œuvre d’un dieu incompétent, qui met en évidence, quoique sur un mode négatif, l’articulation essentielle du temps et de l’éternité.
Libéralisme égalitariste, républicanisme critique et reconnaissance identitaire
Authors: Leyva Karel J.
Published: February 2020

Dans Liberalism’s religion, Laborde défend une position égalitariste libérale et aborde, dans une nouvelle perspective, certaines questions traitées dans ses écrits républicains. Cet article examine certaines de ces questions, en accordant une attention particulière à la place que la reconnaissance identitaire occupe dans les deux théories, la républicaine et la libérale, ainsi qu’au type de justification avancée dans les deux cas. L’article montre que la reconnaissance identitaire est passée d’un rôle périphérique et instrumental dans ses écrits républicains à un rôle central dans sa théorie libérale.
La religion libérale pour les personnes et pour les groupes
Authors: Seymour Michel , Gosselin-Tapp Jérôme
Published: February 2020

Cet article vise à enrichir l’approche désagrégative proposée par Cécile Laborde dans Liberalism’s Religion [HUP, 2017] à l’aide de certaines intuitions rawlsiennes provenant de notre ouvrage La nation pluraliste [PUM, 2018]. En partant de la notion d’« accommodement raisonnable » telle que comprise dans le contexte légal du Québec et du Canada, nous parvenons à une interprétation des fondements normatifs de la distinction entre droits fondamentaux et accommodements qui repose sur la raison publique. La perspective que nous défendons permet ultimement d’admettre des droits fondamentaux à la fois pour les personnes et pour les groupes.
Frontières de la liberté religieuse et exemptions individuelles
Authors: Taher Saaz
Published: February 2020

Dans le dernier chapitre de son ouvrage Liberalism’s Religion [2017], Cécile Laborde soutient que ce sont les pratiques et les croyances visant à protéger l’intégrité individuelle qui peuvent être candidates aux exemptions. Elle propose, de ce fait, deux tests (de sincérité et d’acceptabilité) afin d’évaluer le lien entre ces croyances et pratiques et l’intégrité de l’individu et envisage la mise en place d’un processus délibératif. Nous soutenons, dans cet article, que ces deux tests et la mise en place d’un processus délibératif ne sont pas faisables, car ils ne tiennent pas compte, voire ils participent à l’invisibilisation des voix des femmes de confession musulmane dans la sphère publique au sein des sociétés libérales occidentales Notre critique se formule ainsi en trois points. Tout d’abord, nous questionnons le test de sincérité épaisse et l’évaluation de la cohérence entre les croyances/pratiques d’un individu et son intégrité, alors que différents espaces publics des démocraties libérales occidentales invisibilisent les femmes musulmanes et rendent leur parole inaudible. Nous interrogeons ensuite le test d’acceptabilité mince, en contexte de sécurisation de l’islam et des musulman·e·s autorisant la reproduction de discours racialisant l’islamité et culturalisant l’oppression de genre. Pour finir, nous avançons que penser le processus de délibération démocratique implique de rendre compte des formes d’injustice épistémique et de blessure morale qui prennent place à l’encontre des groupes minorisés – notamment des femmes musulmanes. Cette critique sera appuyée par des extraits du débat parlementaire suisse dans le cadre de l’initiative parlementaire contre la dissimulation du visage.
Noise, screaming and shouting: Classroom acoustics and teachers’ perceptions of their voice in a developing country
Authors: Pillay Dhanashree , Vieira Bianca L.
Published: February 2020

Background: The vocal demand on teachers may predispose them to vocal difficulties. This concern is exacerbated by unfavourable classroom acoustics and a large number of learners in a classroom in developing countries such as South Africa. There is a dearth of classroom acoustic protocols in South Africa, which intensifies the effect of noise on teachers as well as learners.Aims: The aims of this study were to determine the acoustic properties within the teaching environments and to fix the foundation-phase teachers’ perceptions of their voice.Setting: The study was conducted in Foundation Phase classrooms in South Africa.Methods: A classroom acoustical screening survey was utilised to conduct classroom observations. A voice handicap questionnaire was used to determine teachers’ perceptions.Results: There were two sample groups: ten schools with 31 foundation-phase classrooms and 31 teachers. Teachers perceived that their voices are affected by occupational demands, with predominantly physical symptoms being reported. Excessive background noise levels were evident in all classrooms. Air traffic noise and noise from adjoining classrooms were the main contributors.Conclusions: The need for classroom acoustic specifications and design of classrooms are essential as both teachers and learners experience the effects of noise exposure. The implementation of noise reduction in classrooms has the potential to improve the performance of teachers and learners. In a developing country, schools are unique institutions in terms of structure, and therefore additional research is required to determine what building structures may be beneficial for future school buildings. The findings could assist developing countries in the formulation of polices that align with the best practices for acoustically suitable educational settings that benefit both teachers and learners.
Incidental amniocele in a case of antepartum haemorrhage
Authors: Gray Sheree C. , Pienaar Jacobus A. , Sofianos Zelia , Varghese Jacob , Warnich Ilonka
Published: February 2020

An amniocele, or contained uterine rupture, is a phenomenon in which there is herniation of the amniotic sac through a uterine defect, secondary to various causes. It is associated with severe morbidity and mortality. This case presents the findings in a 36-year-old female at 29 weeks gestation who was initially managed as antepartum haemorrhage secondary to placenta previa, based on ultrasound. Upon further imaging, an amniocele was diagnosed. This case report illustrates the importance of early identification of this life-threatening condition.
Trace metal partitioning and potential mobility in the naturally acidic sediment of Lake Caviahue, Neuquén, Argentina
Authors: Cabrera Juan Manuel , Temporetti Pedro Félix , Pedrozo Fernando Luis
Published: February 2020

Lake Caviahue, in Patagonia (Argentina), is a very acid water body (Patagonia, Argentina) due to the influx of volcanic fluids. Over the past 18 years, the lake has been progressively alkalinizing and pH is close to the ferric iron precipitation threshold (pH>3,0). Should iron precipitate, wáter and sediment composition will be altered. To set a baseline, trace metal partitioning (Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn and Mn) was studied for three sediment cores (0 to 16 cm depth) at three sampling stations using a sequential extraction procedure (SEP) and the acid volatile sulfide/simultaneously extracted metals (AVS/SEM) protocol. The total metals content of the sediments ranged between 0 to 408 μg g-1 of dry sediment, with Pb>Cr>Mn>Cu>Zn>Cd. No Cd was measured above the limit of detection. The sediment was richest in Mn and Cr, two non-toxic metals at the pH / Eh combination of the lake basin. Total Pb was at a moderate contamination level although it is associated with the most recalcitrant fraction and therefore has low mobility. The sediment fractions with higher metal content were the oxidizable and residual, the former commonly associated with labile organic matter and pyrite while the latter are related to recalcitrant organic matter and rock forming minerals. In addition, a high correlation was found between Cr, Pb and Mn,thus these metals may be subject to analogous precipitation processes and possibly to co-variation in the volcano effluents. Furthermore, no metals were detected in the exchangeable/carbonates fraction, which is the most labile of all the sediment fractions. The metal content in (SEM) was likewise below the toxicity thresholds of two international sediment quality guidelines and the ratio AVS/SEM was over one, indicative of non-toxicity. Both results indicate that metal mobility in the acidic sediments of lake Caviahue is very low.
ANALYSIS OF DENOISING INTERPRETATION OF REMOTE SENSING IMAGE BASED ON ICA-WAVELET TRANSFORM
Authors: Sun L. , Gan X. S.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The noise will blur the key information of the remote sensing image, such as edge texture and important feature information, which will result in the loss of key information contained in the remote sensing image, resulting in the degradation of the overall quality of the image, which will bring difficulties to the interpretation work. Therefore, in order to obtain higher precision, signal-to-noise ratio and improve the quality of remote sensing image, denoising the remote sensing image containing noise is a crucial step and processing step for image remote sensing image application.In this paper, the ICA wavelet analysis algorithm is applied to the application of real-time remote sensing image denoising. A series of pre-processing procedures such as control point correction, image fusion and image mosaic are carried out on the Asian sub-level remote sensing image, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the remote sensing image is adopted. (SNR/dB) and mean square error (RMSE) verify the image quality after denoising.
RESEARCH ON EARLY WARNING SYSTEM OF COLLEGE STUDENTS’ BEHAVIOR BASED ON BIG DATA ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Yang C. Y. , Liu J. Y. , Huang S.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Because most schools have been using traditional methods to manage students, there is a lack of effective monitoring of students' behavioral problems. In order to solve this problem, this paper analyses the characteristics of big data in University campus, adopts K-Means algorithm, a traditional clustering analysis algorithm, and proposes an early warning system of College Students' behavior based on Internet of Things and big data environment under the mainstream Hadoop open source platform. The system excavates and analyses the potential connections in the massive data of these campuses, studies the characteristics of students' behavior, analyses the law of students' behavior, and clusters the categories of students' behavior. It can provide students, colleges, schools and logistics management departments with multi-dimensional behavior analysis and prediction, early warning and safety control of students' behavior, realize the informatization of students' management means, improve the scientific level of students' education management, and promote the construction of intelligent digital campus.
RESEARCH ON INTELLIGENT RECOGNITION OF VIOLATION BASED ON BIG DATA OF URBAN CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Li B. S. , Liu C. N.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. With the rapid development of market economy and the continuous improvement of urbanization process in China, housing construction in almost all areas of densely populated cities has shown explosive growth. The existence of illegal construction, to a certain extent, not only causes the waste of land and resources, but also leads to the increase of the cost of the development of affordable housing, but also increases the security risks. It is urgent to solve the common problem of “urban disease” in violation of construction, but the conventional means of monitoring illegal construction mainly rely on on on-site inspection by law enforcement departments and mass reporting. Due to the limited inspection power and time, there are inevitably omissions. At the same time, there are difficulties in obtaining evidence in violation of construction investigation. Therefore, a new type of monitoring method is urgently needed. There is a wide market demand in China's urban management departments and land and resources departments for automated monitoring methods to reduce the cost of urban management. In this paper, urban spatial geographic information is acquired by means of remote sensing change detection, and compared with urban construction land planning approval data, including illegal matching recognition algorithm. Based on the technology of automatic urban change detection of grid image blocks, an efficient algorithm for building change detection is proposed. Establish a threshold recognition and accuracy test algorithm of urban building construction progress model parameters, and obtain information of illegal building construction progress and area based on grid image blocks. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is used to identify and extract buildings from satellite remote sensing images in different time periods. The dynamic change information of the research area is reflected by multi-source and large data integration technology of satellite and UAV remote sensing. Several optical image sample sets and test sets are established. The convolution neural network model is designed by sample sets. The accuracy and sensitivity of illegal identification can be improved by the combination of AI and in-depth learning. Using the method of monitoring, analyzing and comparing the big data of urban construction to monitor the illegal buildings in cities is not only fast and efficient, but also provides a scientific and objective basis for the relevant departments to enforce the law.
SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION CHARACTERISTICS OF ALPINE GRASSLAND PATCHES IN THE SOURCE REGION OF THE YELLOW RIVER AND ITS ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Authors: Liu J. , Chen J. J. , Zhao X. N. , Zhang H. Z.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The source region of the Yellow River is an important source of water conservation in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is also an animal husbandry base that has a major impact on China. Its ecological environment changes will have a major impact on the safe and sustainable development of water use in Asia. The alpine grassland is an important part of the ecosystem of the Yellow River source area, and the spatial differentiation characteristics of the plaque have important indication significance for the ecological environment succession. In this paper, the alpine grassland in the source region of the Yellow River is taken as the research object. Based on the aerial image of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the EGI threshold method is used to extract the vegetation patches and the bare plaques to obtain high-precision field monitoring data, and the landscape ecology principle is used to analyze the four types of alpine grassland. The morphological characteristics of plaques in different grassland types are studied, and the spatial indications of spatial sequences are used to study the ecological significance of plaque succession. The results show that the number of plaques in swamp meadows, alpine meadows, degraded meadows and alpine grassland increase significantly, the degree of fragmentation increase, and the area of vegetation patches decrease significantly. The area of bare plaque increase significantly as the main trend; the distribution and dominance of landscape plaques are analyzed; the swamp meadow have the highest spread, the best aggregation, and the largest proportion of vegetation plaque, the highest degree of dominance, alpine grassland Conversely; in terms of the complexity of landscape patch shape; the area-weighted shape index and the area-weighted fractal dimension increase with the order of swamp meadows, alpine meadows, degraded meadows and alpine grasslands, tending to be complex plaque space. The ecological risk intensity index of alpine grassland in the source region of the Yellow River varies greatly, and the ecological risk of alpine grassland is high. The results of this study provide data support for elucidating the mechanism of spatial differentiation of alpine grass plaques, provide scientific assistance for grassland monitoring and management in the source area, and it provides an important basis for further discussion on ecological system protection, animal husbandry economy and sustainable development of alpine grassland in China. At the same time, it provides important theoretical support and ecological indication significance for the understanding of the alpine grassland ecosystem succession in the source area of the Yellow River.
COMPARISON AND ANALYSIS OF THINNING METHODS FOR MULTI-BEAM SOUNDING DATA
Authors: Wang R. J. , Li C. P.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Marine surveying and mapping is the basis of all marine development activities, and underwater topographic survey is one of the essential tasks of it. The multi-beam sounding system can give dozens or even hundreds of water depth values in the vertical plane perpendicular to the course at a time, and there is a lot of redundancy in these data. Efficient compression can make better use of water depth data, improve work efficiency, save system hardware resources, and facilitate rapid mapping and the construction of submarine topography model. Thinning requires an optimal balance between data accuracy and sampling density. In this paper, several commonly used thinning methods are selected and applied to the sounding data for experiments, and the application effects of different thinning methods are analyzed and compared. The results show that the mesh-based and system-based thinning methods are simple and efficient, and the results are more evenly distributed. It works well in areas with flat topography and low complexity. But in the area with large relief, the result of thinning may not take into account the topographical features, and the effect of topography representation is poor. The thinning method based on distance and elevation difference takes the elevation factor into account and has a better performance in preserving topography features. However, this method needs to search the points in a given range constantly, and it is inefficient to apply it to large amounts of data. The thinning method based on the Douglas-Peucker algorithm only considers the spatial relationship within each ping data, and the thinning result is not reasonable enough. This paper can provide reference for sounding data thinning.