bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crystallographic control of the fabrication of an extremely sophisticated shell surface microornament in the glass scallop Catillopecten
Authors: Checa Antonio G. , Salas Carmen , Varela-Feria Francisco M. , Rodríguez-Navarro Alejandro B. , Grenier Christian , Kamenev Gennady M. , Harper Elizabeth M.
Published: July 2022

The external surface microornament of the glass scallops Catillopecten natalyae and malyutinae is made by calcitic spiny projections consisting of a stem that later divides into three equally spaced and inclined branches (here called aerials). C. natalyae contains larger and smaller aerials, whereas C. malyutinae only secreted aerials of the second type. A remarkable feature is that aerials within each type are fairly similar in size and shape and highly co-oriented, thus constituting a most sophisticated microornament. We demonstrate that aerials are single crystals whose morphology is strongly controlled by the crystallography, with the stem being parallel to the c-axis of calcite, and the branches extending along the edges of the {104} calcite rhombohedron. They grow epitaxially onto the foliated prisms of the outer shell layer. The co-orientation of the prisms explains that of the aerials. We have developed a model in which every aerial grows within a periostracal pouch. When this pouch reaches the growth margin, the mantle initiates the production of the aerial. Nevertheless, later growth of the aerial is remote, i.e. far from the contact with the mantle. We show how such an extremely sophisticated microornament has a morphology and co-orientation which are determined by crystal growth.
Biowaste derived hydroxyapatite embedded on two-dimensional g-C3N4 nanosheets for degradation of hazardous dye and pharmacological drug via Z-scheme charge transfer
Authors: Govindasamy Palanisamy , Kandasamy Bhuvaneswari , Thangavelu Pazhanivel , Barathi Selvaraj , Thandavarayan Maiyalagan , Shkir Mohd. , Lee Jintae
Published: July 2022

In recent years, there has been an increase in demand for inexpensive biowaste-derived photocatalysts for the degradation of hazardous dyes and pharmacological drugs. Here, we developed eggshell derived hydroxyapatite nanoparticles entrenched on two-dimensional g-C3N4 nanosheets. The structural, morphological and photophysical behavior of the materials is confirmed through various analytical techniques. The photocatalytic performance of the highly efficient HAp/gC3N4 photocatalyst is evaluated against methylene blue (MB) and doxycycline drug contaminates under UV–visible light exposure. The HAp/gC3N4 photocatalyst exhibit excellent photocatalytic performance for MB dye (93.69%) and doxycycline drug (83.08%) compared to bare HAp and g-C3N4 nanosheets. The ultimate point to note is that the HAp/gC3N4 photocatalyst was recycled in four consecutive cycles without any degradation performance. Superoxide radicals play an important role in degradation performance, which has been confirmed by scavenger experiments. Therefore, the biowaste-derived HAp combined with gC3N4 nanosheets is a promising photocatalyst for the degradation of hazardous dyes and pharmacological drug wastes.
Retrospective cross-sectional study of asthma severity in adult patients at the Jimma Medical Center, Ethiopia
Authors: Tilahun Desalew , Michael Mesay , Gashaye Mihret , Melkamu Eneyew , Mekoya Tsiyon
Published: July 2022

Asthma is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases and is a public health problem worldwide. It is a long-standing condition affecting the respiratory system. Thus this study aimed to assess the severity of asthma in patients at the adult emergency department of Jimma Medical Center (JMC), Southwest Ethiopia. A one year (1 May, 2020, to 1 May, 2021) retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 189 patients at the adult emergency department of JMC. Data were collected between 25 July, 2021 to 25 August, 2021 by two Bachelor of Science degree holders in nursing (BSC) nurses after providing proper training. We used structured checklist that was obtained from previous studies to collect the data. Finally, data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 then exported to Stata version 15.0 for further analysis. Multinomial analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between risk factors and severity of asthma. Of 195 patients retrieved from the Health management information system (HMIS) logbook and patient profile, 189 fulfilled the eligibility criteria giving a response rate of 96.9%. The mean age of patients was 47.69 (± 19.02) years old ranging from 20 to 85. More than one third of the patients were age range of 20–39 years. Only more than half of the patients were women. Almost 46% of the patients had moderate asthma. Being male, merchant and government employees had lower odds of asthma than their counterparts whereas being daily laborers and smoking contributed to increased odds of moderate asthma. Patients’ age and comorbidities had increased odds of severe asthma in relation to the participants of their reference category. Urban residents had decreased odds of severe asthma compared to their rural counterparts. This study highlights that majority of patients had moderate asthma. Health care providers should pay special attention to accurately diagnosing asthma according to its severity which is essential to the optimal management of asthma. This study calls JMC health care providers to give due attention while providing routine care for their patients in accordance to identified factors.
Research on water seepage detection technology of tunnel asphalt pavement based on deep learning and digital image processing
Authors: Li Jiaqi , He Zhaoyi , Li Dongxue , Zheng Aichen
Published: July 2022

To improve the safety of road tunnel pavement, the research established road tunnel pavement water seepage recognition models based on deep learning technology, and a water seepage area extraction model based on image processing technology to finally achieve accurate detection of water seepage on tunnel pavements. First, the deep learning models EfficientNet water seepage recognition model and MobileNet water seepage recognition model were built, the models were trained with the self-collected pavement seepage data set, and the F1 score was introduced to evaluate the accuracy and comprehensive performance of the two models in predicting different categories of water seepage characteristics. Then three grayscale processing methods, the cvtColor function, mean method and maximum method, six global threshold segmentation methods, Otsu thresholding method, THRESH_BINARY, THRESH_BINARY_INV, THRESH_TRUNC, THRESH_TOZERO and THRESH_TOZERO_INV, three filtering methods, namely Gaussian filtering, median filtering and morphological open operation, as well as small connected domain removal, were used to reduce the noise of the images. Finally, the seepage area image calculation method was proposed based on the processed images to predict the actual pavement seepage area. The results show that the recognition accuracy of the EfficientNet water seepage recognition model is 99.85% and 97.53% in the training and validation sets respectively, which is 2.85% and 0.76% higher than the 97% and 96.77% of the MobileNet model. The average F1 score of the EfficientNet model is 95.22%, which is 5.05% higher than that of the MobileNet model, for the four types of seepage feature images: point seepage, line seepage, surface seepage and no seepage. The cvtColor function for grayscale processing, THRESH_BINARY for threshold segmentation and a combination of median filtering and morphological open operation for image noise reduction can effectively extract the seepage features. The area calculation is performed by the seepage area image calculation method, and the average error between the predicted value and the actual seepage area is 8.30%, which can better achieve the accurate extraction of the seepage area.
Incorporating heterogeneous lacunary Keggin anions as efficient catalysts for solvent-free cyanosilylation of aldehydes and ketones
Authors: Malmir Masoume , Heravi Majid M. , Yekke-Ghasemi Zahra , Mirzaei Masoud
Published: July 2022

Polyoxometalates (POMs) as efficient catalysts can be used a wide range of chemical transformations due to their tunable Brønsted/Lewis-acidity and redox properties. Herein, we reported two hybrid and heterogeneous lacunary Keggin catalysts: (TBA)7[PW11O39] (TBA-PW11) and (TBA)8[SiW11O39]·4H2O (TBA-SiW11) (TBA+: tetrabutylammonium) in which [XW11O39]n− anions were coated by TBA+ cations. In this form, TBA+ can easily trap reactants on the surface of the catalysts and increase the catalytic reaction. Therefore, the catalytic performance of both POMs was tested in cyanosilylation of numerous compounds bearing-carbonyl group and trimethylsilyl cyanide under solvent-free conditions. TBA-PW11 is more effective than TBA-SiW11, conceivably due to the higher Lewis acidity of the P than the Si center and to the higher accessibility of the metal centers in the framework structure. Noteworthy, the recyclability and heterogeneity of both POMs catalysts were also examined, and the results confirmed that they remain active at least after three recycling procedures.
Cognitive map formation through tactile map navigation in visually impaired and sighted persons
Authors: Ottink Loes , van Raalte Bram , Doeller Christian F. , Van der Geest Thea M. , Van Wezel Richard J. A.
Published: July 2022

The human brain can form cognitive maps of a spatial environment, which can support wayfinding. In this study, we investigated cognitive map formation of an environment presented in the tactile modality, in visually impaired and sighted persons. In addition, we assessed the acquisition of route and survey knowledge. Ten persons with a visual impairment (PVIs) and ten sighted control participants learned a tactile map of a city-like environment. The map included five marked locations associated with different items. Participants subsequently estimated distances between item pairs, performed a direction pointing task, reproduced routes between items and recalled item locations. In addition, we conducted questionnaires to assess general navigational abilities and the use of route or survey strategies. Overall, participants in both groups performed well on the spatial tasks. Our results did not show differences in performance between PVIs and sighted persons, indicating that both groups formed an equally accurate cognitive map. Furthermore, we found that the groups generally used similar navigational strategies, which correlated with performance on some of the tasks, and acquired similar and accurate route and survey knowledge. We therefore suggest that PVIs are able to employ a route as well as survey strategy if they have the opportunity to access route-like as well as map-like information such as on a tactile map.
Bismuth fire assay preconcentration and empirical coefficient LA-ICP-MS for the determination of ultra-trace Pt and Pd in geochemical samples
Authors: Ni Wenshan , Mao Xiangju , Yao Mingxing , Guo Xiaorui , Sun Qiliang , Gao Xiaofei , Zhang Hongli
Published: July 2022

In this work, a novel method of solid sample pretreatment technique of bismuth fire assay (Bi-FA) combined with solid sample determination by laser ablation ICP-MS (LA-ICP-MS) was reported for the determination of ultra-trace Pt and Pd in geochemical samples. Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) was used as fire assay collector to directly enrich Pt and Pd from solid samples, and Ag protection cupellation was employed to generate Ag granules. After cleaning, weighing and annealing, the Ag granules were compressed into thin slices and determined by LA-ICP-MS for 195Pt, 105Pd and 109Ag (109Ag was selected as the internal standard isotope). Bi2O3 provided exceptionally low blanks compared to nickel oxide and lead oxide commonly employed in fire assay procedures, and could be applied directly without purification. Different from traditional empirical coefficient method, the Chinese Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) for Pt and Pd were treated by the same procedure to obtain completely matrix matched Ag slices. And then modified empirical coefficient method and internal standard calibration strategy was used to reduce the instability of LA-ICP-MS, and random multipoint laser ablation was employed to further reduce analytical variation resulting from heterogeneity of Pt and Pd in the Ag slice. Under optimal conditions, excellent calibration curves for Pt and Pd were obtained (0.407–2958 μg g−1 and 0.407–2636 μg g−1, respectively), with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.9996. The method detection limits for Pt and Pd were 0.074 and 0.037 ng g−1, respectively. The established method was applied successfully to analysis of real geochemical samples, with determined values in good agreement with the results of traditional Pb-FA graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS), and spiked recoveries between 87.8 and 125.0%.
Aminoglycoside antibiotic kanamycin functionalized tetraphenylethylene molecular probe for highly selective detection of bovine serum albumin protein
Authors: Jadhav Ratan W. , Wagalgave Sopan M. , kumbhar Bajarang V. , Khadake Rushikesh M. , Rode Ambadas B. , Bhosale Sidhanath V. , Bhosale Sheshanath V.
Published: July 2022

A novel tetraphenylethylene (TPE) functionalized aminoglycoside antibiotic kanamycin (TPE-kana 1) has been successfully synthesized and characterized by means of modern analytical and spectroscopic techniques. The probe TPE-kana 1 showed strong affinity towards bovine serum albumin (BSA) compared to its other biological competitors. The recognition of BSA have been investigated employing UV–Vis absorption and fluorescence emission spectroscopy. The significant color change of TPE-kana 1 with BSA can be observed by necked eye, where the role of AIE-active TPE molecule is handle in both optical and colorimetric changes. The quenching of fluorescence of TPE-kana 1 with BSA was characterized by fluorescence spectroscopy, with 71.16% of quenching efficiency. Moreover, the Stern–Volmer quenching constant was calculated and found to be 2.46 × 107 M−1. Probe TPE-kana 1 showed detection limit of 2.87 nM (nM) towards BSA with binding constant 7.56 × 107 M. A molecular docking study is also performed to investigate the detail interactions between TPE-kana 1 with the sites of BSA via non-covalent i.e., H-bonding, π-cation interactions, π-donor hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions. The lowest binding energy conformation was found at − 10.42 kcal/mol.
KHSRP loss increases neuronal growth and synaptic transmission and alters memory consolidation through RNA stabilization
Authors: Olguin Sarah L. , Patel Priyanka , Buchanan Courtney N. , Dell’Orco Michela , Gardiner Amy S. , Cole Robert , Vaughn Lauren S. , Sundararajan Anitha , Mudge Joann , Allan Andrea M. , Ortinski Pavel , Brigman Jonathan L. , Twiss Jeffery L. , Perrone-Bizzozero Nora I.
Published: July 2022

The KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KHSRP) is an RNA-binding protein linked to decay of mRNAs with AU-rich elements. KHSRP was previously shown to destabilize Gap43 mRNA and decrease neurite growth in cultured embryonic neurons. Here, we have tested functions of KHSRP in vivo. We find upregulation of 1460 mRNAs in neocortex of adult Khsrp−/− mice, of which 527 bind to KHSRP with high specificity. These KHSRP targets are involved in pathways for neuronal morphology, axon guidance, neurotransmission and long-term memory. Khsrp−/− mice show increased axon growth and dendritic spine density in vivo. Neuronal cultures from Khsrp−/− mice show increased axon and dendrite growth and elevated KHSRP-target mRNAs, including subcellularly localized mRNAs. Furthermore, neuron-specific knockout of Khsrp confirms these are from neuron-intrinsic roles of KHSRP. Consistent with this, neurons in the hippocampus and infralimbic cortex of Khsrp−/− mice show elevations in frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents. The Khsrp−/− mice have deficits in trace conditioning and attention set-shifting tasks compared Khsrp+/+ mice, indicating impaired prefrontal- and hippocampal-dependent memory consolidation with loss of KHSRP. Overall, these results indicate that deletion of KHSRP impairs neuronal development resulting in alterations in neuronal morphology and function by changing post-transcriptional control of neuronal gene expression.
Flexible thermoelectric generator with high Seebeck coefficients made from polymer composites and heat-sink fabrics
Authors: Lin Shuping , Zhang Lisha , Zeng Wei , Shi Dongliang , Liu Su , Ding Xujiao , Yang Bao , Liu Jin , Lam Kwok-ho , Huang Baolin , Tao Xiaoming
Published: July 2022

Light and flexible thermoelectric generators working around room temperature and within a small temperature range are much desirable for numerous applications of wearable microelectronics, internet of things, and waste heat recovery. Herein, we report a high performance flexible thermoelectric generator made of polymeric thermoelectric composites and heat sink fabrics. The thermoelectric composites comprise n- and p-type Bi2Te3 particles and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate, exhibiting a synergic effect that results in Seebeck coefficients higher than those of the constituent alloys and conductive polymer. The flexible and light thermoelectric generator produces an output power of 9.0 mW, a specific output power of 2.3 mW/g, and an areal power density of 6.5 W/m2 at ΔT = 45 K. By using the heat sink fabrics to maintain a large and uniform distribution of temperature difference across the generator, a three-fold increment of the output power is obtained.
A focused review on three-dimensional bioprinting technology for artificial organ fabrication
Authors: Panda Swati , Hajra Sugato , Mistewicz Krystian , Nowacki Bartłomiej , In-na Pichaya , Krushynska Anastasiia , Mishra Yogendra Kumar , Kim Hoe Joon
Published: July 2022

This review focuses on the use of 3D bioprinting as an effective tool for artificial organ development and cancer research. Various 3D printing technologies and their advantages are also highlighted.
Morphological studies of self-assembled cyclotides extracted fromViola odorataas novel versatile platforms in biomedical applications
Authors: Dayani Ladan , Varshosaz Jaleh , Aliomrani Mehdi , Sadeghi Dinani Masoud , Hashempour Hossein , Taheri Azade
Published: July 2022

Self-assembling peptides have attracted researchers’ attention recently.
Aqueous processing of water-soluble organic compounds in the eastern United States during winter
Authors: El-Sayed Marwa M. H. , Hennigan Christopher J.
Published: July 2022

The uptake of WSOCg from biomass burning into ALW results in compounds that remain in the particle phase upon drying.
Sucralose as an oxidative-attenuation tracer for characterizing the application of in situ chemical oxidation for the treatment of 1,4-dioxane
Authors: Yan Ni , Guo Zhilin , Brusseau Mark L.
Published: July 2022

We test the use of sucralose as an oxidative-attenuation tracer to characterize the impact of ISCO for treatment of 1,4-dioxane in groundwater.
Environmental screening of water associated with shale gas extraction by fluorescence excitation emission matrix
Authors: Peers de Nieuwburgh Camille , Watson Jonathan S. , Weiss Dominik J. , Sephton Mark A.
Published: July 2022

We present a simple method for the screening of recovered water from shale gas extraction that can be used to avoid contamination incidents.
One-pot route to fine-tuned hypercrosslinked polymer solid acid catalysts
Authors: Blocher Alexander , Mayer Florian , Schweng Paul , Tikovits Teresa M. , Yousefi Neptun , Woodward Robert T.
Published: July 2022

A simple route to highly sulfonated hypercrosslinked polymers: low-cost and tunable heterogeneous catalysts.
Corrosion engineering towards a high-energy Mn doped Co3O4 nanoflake cathode for rechargeable Zn-based batteries
Authors: Zeng Jianning , Shi Xin , He Jinjun , Wang Zilong , Lu Xihong
Published: July 2022

A facile surface corrosion strategy is proposed to synthesize Mn-doped Co3O4 nanoflakes with remarkable electrochemical performance for Zn-based batteries.
Sodium site occupancy and phosphate speciation in natrophosphate are invariant to changes in NaF and Na3PO4 concentration
Authors: Graham Trent R. , Nienhuis Emily T. , Reynolds Jacob G. , Marcial Jose , Loring John S. , Rosso Kevin M. , Pearce Carolyn I.
Published: July 2022

Analysis of multimodal characterization of Natrophosphate suggests that the crystalline structure is preserved across a range of synthesis conditions.
Advanced scanning electron microscopy techniques for structural characterization of zeolites
Authors: Asano Natsuko , Asahina Shunsuke , Lu Jinfeng , Xu Jiani , Shen Yanfeng , Qin Zhengxing , Mintova Svetlana
Published: July 2022

Chemical etching after Ar ion beam cross sectioning enables the formation of zeolite internal nano structures to be observed directly using a newly developed highly sensitive scanning electron microscope.
Se/N co-doped carbon nanorods for potassium ion storage
Authors: Ding Gaohui , Xiao Yue , Zhang Yuhang , Li Zhiqiang , Wei Lingzhi , Yao Ge , Niu Helin , Zheng Fangcai
Published: July 2022

Herein, we make use of the large-sized Se atom to regulate the local structure of the graphitic lattice to optimize N-doping species to strengthen the adsorption of K+, which can greatly boost the capacitive capacity for PIBs.
Post-synthetic modification of Prussian blue type nanoparticles: tailoring the chemical and physical properties
Authors: Mamontova Ekaterina , Salles Fabrice , Guari Yannick , Larionova Joulia , Long Jérôme
Published: July 2022

This review focuses on recent advances in the post-synthetic modification of nano-sized Prussian blue and its analogues and compares them with the current strategies used in metal–organic frameworks to give future outlooks in this field.
Combination of aluminum molecular rings with chemical reduction centers for iodine capture and aggregation
Authors: Luo Dan , Wang Fei , Liu Chen-Hui , Wang San-Tai , Sun Ya-Yong , Fang Wei-Hui , Zhang Jian
Published: July 2022

Presented herein is the designed synthesis of porous materials by the assembly of aluminum molecular rings with flexible pseudo-tetracarboxylic acid ligands and their application in atomically precise iodine capture and aggregation.
Effects of axial pressure on the evolution of core–shell heterogeneous structures and magnetic properties of Fe–Si soft magnetic powder cores during hot-press sintering
Authors: Qiu Yue , Wang Rui , He Yihai , Kong Hui , Li Shaogang , Wu Zhaoyang
Published: July 2022

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) has attracted much attention as an ideal coating material for iron (Fe)-based soft magnetic powder cores (SMPCs).
Transfer hydrogenation of ketone; an in situ approach toward an eco-friendly reduction
Authors: Onisuru Oluwatayo Racheal , Fapojuwo Dele Peter , Oseghale Charles O. , Alimi Oyekunle Azeez , Meijboom Reinout
Published: July 2022

The use of water as a solvent in chemical reactions has recently been brought to public attention, especially in the exploration of eco-friendly procedures.
Adsorption performance of GO-doped activated ATP composites towards tetracycline
Authors: Xiaosan Song , Boyang Shui , Yiru Wang , Jie Zhou , Sanfan Wang , Nan Wu
Published: July 2022

Antibiotic-related environmental contamination directly threatens ecosystems and human health. Adsorption is an efficient and simple treatment process for removing antibiotics from water environments.
Nonadiabatic dynamics studies of the H(2S) + RbH(X1Σ+) reaction: based on new diabatic potential energy surfaces
Authors: Zhang Yong , Xu Jinghua , Yang Haigang , Xu Jiaqiang
Published: July 2022

Global diabatic potential energy surfaces (PESs) of RbH2 system that correspond to 12A′ and 22A′ electronic states were built. Using the new PESs, the dynamics studies of the H + RbH reaction were performed.
Rapid and highly specific detection of site-specific 5-hydroxymethylcytosine based on peroxotungstate oxidation and mismatch ligation-based LAMP
Authors: Zhang Zhenhao , He Tong , Qi Yan , Dai Yuxuan , Lao Kejing , Gou Xingchun
Published: July 2022

A facile and highly specific mismatch ligation-based amplification platform for quantification of site-specific 5hmC at single base resolution in low-content samples.
Visible-light-promoted decarboxylative radical cascade cyclization to acylated benzimidazo/indolo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones in water
Authors: Tang Lili , Ouyang Yuejun , Sun Kai , Yu Bing
Published: July 2022

The procedure was prepared in water via a reaction of functionalized 2-arylbenzoimidazoles or 2,3-diarylindoles and α-oxocarboxylic acids, effectively avoiding traditional heating and metal reagents.
An integrated resource-efficient microfluidic device for parallelised studies of immobilised chiral catalysts in continuous flow via miniaturized LC/MS-analysis
Authors: Westphal Hannes , Warias Rico , Weise Chris , Ragno Daniele , Becker Holger , Spanka Matthias , Massi Alessandro , Gläser Roger , Schneider Christoph , Belder Detlev
Published: July 2022

Dual-μReactor catalysis screening: a novel method combining multiple miniaturized packed-bed reactors and on-line HPLC/MS-analysis on one single microfluidic device.
Activatable photothermal agents with target-initiated large spectral separation for highly effective reduction of side effects
Authors: Sun Jie , Cheng Ning , Yin Kai , Wang Rongchen , Zhu Tianli , Gao Jinzhu , Dong Xuemei , Dong Chengjun , Gu Xianfeng , Zhao Chunchang
Published: July 2022

Activatable photothermal reagents were designed for cancer therapy. Dual-site-activatable probe showed a large spectral redshift of 150 nm in the presence of H2O2, achieving truly selective activation to minimize side effects during PTT of cancers.
Research progress in photo/electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 by functionalized metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Li Xiaopeng , Wang Li , Xing Yi , Su Wei
Published: July 2022

Environmental pollution and energy shortage caused by climate change are the most serious non-traditional security problems facing the world today, seriously threatening the survival and development of human society.
Energy-saving hydrogen production by the methanol oxidation reaction coupled with the hydrogen evolution reaction co-catalyzed by a phase separation induced heterostructure
Authors: Peng Xiang , Xie Song , Wang Xia , Pi Chaoran , Liu Zhitian , Gao Biao , Hu Liangsheng , Xiao Wei , Chu Paul K.
Published: July 2022

A MOR/HER system comprising a heterostructured NiSe/MoSe2 bifunctional catalyst shows energy-saving hydrogen production, predicting the coordination of electrosynthesis and electrocatalysis for future energy and chemical engineering applications.
A nitrogen- and carbonyl-rich conjugated small-molecule organic cathode for high-performance sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Kuan Hsuan-Cheng , Luu Nhu T. H. , Ivanov Alexander S. , Chen Teng-Hao , Popovs Ilja , Lee Jui-Chin , Kaveevivitchai Watchareeya
Published: July 2022

A highly functionalized extended π-conjugated molecule HATAQ with a unique hydrogen-bonding enabled supramolecular graphite-like structure is found to have superior performance as a cathode material for sodium-ion batteries.
Recent advances in functionally modified polymers for mucoadhesive drug delivery
Authors: Surendranath Medha , M. R. Rekha , Parameswaran Ramesh
Published: July 2022

The functional modifications of polymers for mucoadhesive drug delivery and mucosal transport mechanism.
UV-Responsive, wide color gamut, inkless dynamic photonic paper enabled by disulfide-containing polyurethane based Fabry-Perot resonant cavity
Authors: Liang Chenhong , Fan Fuqiang , Li Kewei , Liu Chao , Wang Guangrong , Zhang Liying , Zhang Xuemin , Fu Yu , Wang Tieqiang
Published: July 2022

An UV-responsive metal–insulator–metal (MIM) Fabry-Perot cavity is proposed to prepare dynamic photonic paper and it shows desirable features of wide dynamic adjustability, an inkless “writing” manner and an “erasable and rewriting” feature.
Modelling and CFD analysis of the DYNASTY loop facility
Authors: Nalbandyan Ashkhen , Cammi Antonio , Lorenzi Stefano , Klinkby Esben B. , Lauritzen Bent
Published: July 2022

In this paper, CFD assessment of the DYNASTY natural circulation loop, adopting a RANS turbulence modeling approach, is performed using the OpenFOAM open source toolbox. The DYNASTY facility is designed to investigate the stability and dynamics of heat-generating fluids, in particular molten salts, in a natural or forced circulation regime and as such, it is one-of-a-kind, large scale facility for studying the natural circulation in presence of distributed heating. In this work, a CFD model of the facility is set up and validated by comparing the model results to experimental data obtained during the initial testing campaign of the facility, with water as working fluid. In particular, the equilibrium state of the system is investigated in terms of the mass flow dynamic behaviour and the temperature difference across the cooler section of the loop. It is shown that the CFD simulations adopting the k − ω SST turbulence model best reflect the experimental results. The CFD results are also in agreement with a simplified 1D modeling as well as an analytical solution.
To the origins of social education in Ukraine (the 1920s): humanism or proletarian expediency?
Authors: Dichek Nataliia , Kravchenko Oksana
Published: July 2022

The paper analyses the phenomenon of social education (herein after abbr. sotzvykh) in Ukraine in the 1920s as a purpose of Soviet power to change the previous imperial system of education. In general, at that time sotzvykh reflected the aspiration of power for upbringing the new generation of educated proletarians with communist views, but in reality, there were efforts to feed, clothe and provide the elementary medical care to the host of different types of children and teenagers under 15. Until the early 1930s, the sphere of education in Ukraine developed differently than in Russia. The emphasis was placed on the imminent death of the family as a social institution, and therefore the education of children and youth should have become the task of the society. In addition, professionalization of school education was recognized as a priority. The aim of the article is to highlight the first in the world’s education history phenomenon (sotzvykh) – both the pedagogical and social–of organising life of children in the post-war country. The goals and ways of implementation Ukrainian sotzvykh in the context of social, ideological and pedagogical aspects of the time are analysed. It is considered that sotzvykh carried out both political and life-saving pedagogical tasks of protecting the child population. Within the framework of sotzvykh in the conditions of poverty and ruin of the post-revolutionary period the general 7-year school education and elimination of illiteracy were carried out.
Non-government organisations as a basis for sustainable development of education
Authors: Vlasenko Kateryna V. , Sitak Iryna V. , Lovianova Iryna V. , Achkan Vitaliy V. , Armash Tetiana S.
Published: July 2022

The article examines the experience of team work of scientists-members of a non-government organisation (NGO) “Smart Math”. The analysis of the advantages of scientists’ collaboration and communication are offered in the current research. The paper presents the findings of scientific collaboration and cooperation of researchers, whose activity is represented on the open educational platform “Higher School Mathematics Teachers”. The areas of activity of a team of researchers, which brings together teaching staffof Ukrainian universities, and tackling the issue of developing on-line courses are described in the present article. The outcome of such collaboration of the members of “Smart Math” in 2020 is the increase by 4,7 in the average citation index in scientometrical databases publications.
Future biology teachers training for professional activity on the basis of sustainable development
Authors: Stepanyuk Alla , Zhyrska Halyna , Mishchuk Natalia , Olendr Tetiana
Published: July 2022

The article deals with one of the possible ways of modernization of pedagogical education in Ukraine in order to train teachers of the new generation and to provide conditions for the formation and development of modern alternative models of teachers’ professional and personal growth on the principles of sustainable development. The ideas and ways of integrating education for sustainable development and Biology teachers professional training have been determined. It has been substantiated the methodological system of Biology teachers training for professional activity on sustainable development ideas. Its system-forming factor is the idea of combining the activity approach to acquiring knowledge with their ethical reflection, comprehension of personal value in professional and everyday life. The content of the suggested methodological system is made up of the following academic disciplines: compulsory – “Methods of Teaching Biology and Fundamentals of Health Studies” and elective. The efficiency of the corresponding methodological system of Biology teachers training on the basis of quality indicators of the knowledge acquisition (completeness, awareness, consistency and systematicity) has been proved.
Modeling of ecophobic tendencies of consciousness of higher education students
Authors: Klochko Oksana V. , Fedorets Vasyl M. , Mudrak Oleksandr V. , Troitska Tamara S. , Kaplinskyi Vasyl V.
Published: July 2022

The article reveals the peculiarities of the formation of strategies for the development of ecological consciousness (ecophilic educational strategies) of higher education students on the basis of digital models of ecophobic tendencies (intentions, values). Based on the application of the developed “Fedorets-Klochko mini-questionnaire "Ecophobic consciousness of the industrial epoch"” an experimental study of ecophobic and ecophilic intentions and values of higher education students. This mini-questionnaire reveals the environmental aspects of consciousness by actualizing the culture and psychology of everyday life. Based on the application of digital and mathematical modeling, ecological and value comprehension of the results of experimental research conducted using this mini-questionnaire, a model of “Archaic ecophobic intentions and values” was formed. This model contains the following digital models: “Matrix of coefficients (weights) for determining ecophobic intentions and values” and “Cluster model of ecophobic intentions and values”. Based on the application of these digital models, the concept of sustainable development and other concepts and approaches, three ecophilic educational strategies have been developed: “Synergistic strategy of personal security through care for the Earth”; “Strategy for harmonization of needs based on care for the Earth”; “Strategy for harmonization of human-Earth interaction”. When using the “Matrix of coefficients (weights) to determine ecophobic intentions and values” determines the system-organizing value and the dominant influence of the “Synergistic strategy of personal security through care for the Earth”. This strategy has a genetic and semantic connection with the basic vital (vital) value – food security (individual and collective). The application of this strategy can be relevant in educational theory and practice and in everyday life (life, work) to optimize and minimize human needs.
Analysis of life plans and emigration intentions of pupils and students of border regions of the South of Ukraine (experience of empirical sociological research)
Authors: Liseienko Olena , Kalashnikova Liudmyla , Nikon Nataliia , Chorna Viktoriia
Published: July 2022

Educational emigration of young people is today one of the most pressing topics, taking into account the place and role of this socio-demographic group in the processes of economic and socio-cultural reproduction of society. In order to clarify the scale and nature of migration sentiments in the field of education, the life plans of young people, the authors of the article within the framework of the grant project “Common Language: public dialogue on the Law of Ukraine “On Education” in the Odessa region” conducted two empirical sociological research: 1) a formalized interview of students, students and their parents; 2) in-depth interviews with representatives of local authorities and self-government bodies, heads of schools and other educational institutions, school teachers, pupils, their parents, students, representatives of public organizations, ethnic communities, employers and representatives of local political parties. Despite the prevailing migration sentiments among some of the respondents, most of them associate their future with Ukraine. The mood for educational emigration is most pronounced among student youth, this is due to the fact that getting an education in foreign countries facilitates the possibility of their employment, including on the international labor market. The authors emphasize the importance of further scientific understanding of topical problems associated with the implementation of educational reform in Ukraine, which has hidden the development of transnational curricula.
Anästhesie kann nicht jeder!
Authors: Becker Petra , Gebhardt Susann , Losch Martina , Scheer Antje , Schiller Benjamin , Stolecki Dietmar , Ullrich Lothar
Published: July 2022

Die Fachpflegenden in der Anästhesie verfügen über ein hohes Maß an beruflicher Handlungskompetenz. Damit tragen sie entscheidend zur Patientensicherheit bei. Der folgende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Qualifikation und Zielsetzung der Fachpflege und ihr umfangreiches Aufgabengebiet im operativen Umfeld.
Die Auswirkungen der Coronapandemie auf die Attraktivität der stationären Intensivpflege
Authors: Haase Lena , Böckelmann Michael , Pöling Jochen , Eickhorst Andreas
Published: July 2022

Arbeitszufriedenheit und Attraktivität des Berufs sind zwei entscheidende Faktoren, um den gewählten Beruf weiter auszuüben und bei einem Arbeitgeber zu bleiben. Während der Coronapandemie haben sich gerade für Intensivpflegende die Arbeitsbedingungen teilweise drastisch verändert. Im Rahmen ihrer Masterarbeit hat Lena Haase daher in einer bundesweiten Umfrage untersucht, wie sich die Arbeitszufriedenheit durch die Pandemie verändert hat und wie sich die Attraktivität steigern ließe.
Was leisten ZOPA und BPS/BPS-NI bei kognitiv oder bewusstseinsbeeinträchtigten Patienten?
Authors: Renneis Lisa
Published: July 2022

Wie lassen sich Schmerzen von Patienten, die sich aufgrund kognitiver Einschränkungen oder Bewusstseinsbeeinträchtigung nicht äußern können, zuverlässig einschätzen und erfassen? Autorin Lisa Renneis hat drei Fremdeinschätzungsinstrumente unter die Lupe genommen und auf ihre Zuverlässigkeit hinsichtlich der beschriebenen Situation überprüft.
Die Vitamin-E-Versorgung in Deutschland: ausreichend, aber nicht
optimal
Authors: Eggersdorfer Manfred , Schettler Thomas
Published: July 2022

Die Empfehlungen für die Aufnahme von Vitamin E über die Nahrung
variieren von Land zu Land und von Organisation zu Organisation erheblich
– auch in Europa. Hier liegen die Referenzwerte für Erwachsene
bei 3–15 mg/Tag. Nur etwa 50% der deutschen
Bevölkerung erreichen die Zufuhrempfehlung für Vitamin E durch
die Ernährung. Angesichts der Bedeutung von Vitamin E für die
Gesundheit sollte einer ausreichenden Versorgung mehr Aufmerksamkeit
zukommen.
COVID-19 Resulting in Potential Hearing Damage of Rodents
Authors: Miao Jinxin , Xu Hongen , Tian Yongan , Wang Jianyao , Tang Wenxue , Wang Yaohe , Miao Mingsan , Liu Jianbo , Xue Xia , Guo Yongjun
Published: July 2022

Objectives To find out the association between the sensorineural hearing loss and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in hamsters and mice was detected.

Design Using the public data from the National Center for Biotechnology Information and the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data, the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 at the transcriptomic, DNA, and protein levels of ACE2 in the brain, inner ear, and muscle from the golden Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) and mice (Mus musculus) was assessed.

Results We identified ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expressed at different levels in the inner ear and brain at DNA and transcriptomic levels of both mice and hamsters. The protein expression from the brain and inner ear showed a similar pattern, while the expression of ACE2 from the inner ear was relatively higher than that from the muscle.

Conclusion Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) shows genetic potential to infect the hearing system of rodents and lead to sudden sensorineural hearing loss that can be used as a characteristic to detect asymptomatic patients of COVID-19.
Cerebral Aspergillosis in an Immunocompetent Patient after COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Almeida Laryssa C. Azevedo , Braga Henrique Moura , Costa Bruno Silva
Published: July 2022

Fungal brain abscesses are an uncommon condition in the immunocompetent population, especially due to the etiologic agent Aspergillus sp. The emerging coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic brought about neurological manifestations that were previously little known, caused by the direct manifestations of the virus, as well as by the therapy itself, with hospitalization and use of corticosteroids. This manuscript highlights the need for attention in the management of patients with neurological disorders and history of COVID-19 infection. In the current paper, we report the case of a patient without comorbidities who presented multiple brain abscesses caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, after infection by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavírus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Trapping the carrier in the spin-locked MoS2 atomic valley by absorption of chiral L-cysteine
Authors: Bhattacharya Susmita , Pal Srishti , Muthu D. V. S. , Sood A. K.
Published: July 2022

This work demonstrates enhanced valley contrasting spin-momentum locked chiral states at the van der Waals interface of chiral L-cysteine and single layer (SL) MoS2 placed on a Si/SiO2 substrate at ambient conditions. Helicity dependent photoluminescence and resonance Raman measurements highlight spin-locked transitions for the chiral L-cysteine modified SL-MoS2 at ambient conditions. Selective adsorption of chiral L-cysteine dimer/cysteine stabilizes the in-plane effective magnetic field due to the Si/SiO2 substrate and blocks the intervalley spin relaxation. The observed polarization efficiency can be useful for improving the functionality of valley-based light emitting diodes and encoding information in logical devices.
Current control and tuning in a closed HTS coil
Authors: Li Gengyao , Xin Ying , Li Chao , Li Wenxin , Yang Tianhui , Li Bin
Published: July 2022

Up to today, a coil made of high temperature superconductor (HTS) usually needs a soldered joint to form a closed circuit. It is very difficult to have the joint fully superconducting. The Ohmic joint will cause Joule loss when the coil carries a quasi-persistent current. As a result, the electromagnetic energy stored in an HTS coil declines with time. We propose an approach to reduce the Joule loss of an HTS coil during the energy storing stage. The principle of the approach is to tune the current of the HTS coil smaller by introducing an iron core into the coil to increase the inductance of the coil. With this approach, the Joule loss on the HTS coil will be significantly reduced and the initially stored energy in the coil will be kept with little attenuation in a relatively long energy storing period. When a larger current is required for some functions, the current can be almost returned to the initial charged value by removing the iron core from the HTS coil. In this paper, we report our results in analytical deduction and experimental verification of this principle. Besides, the current value can be tuned to any value in a certain range by controlling the position of the iron core inside the HTS coil. This feature may be useful for some applications in which the current or magnetic field needs to be adjusted.
Assessment of oil quality traits in some important exotic and indigenous collections of
Authors: Kumari Nisha , Avtar Ram , Singh Vivek K. , Kumar Neeraj , Bishnoi Mahavir , Singh Manjeet
Published: July 2022

Context In the breeding of oilseed Brassica crops for human consumption and animal feed, the main objective is the expansion of commercial varieties with low erucic acid, low glucosinolates, and high oleic acid content. Indian cultivars are high in erucic acid and glucosinolates. Aims This study examined variation among species and genotypes of Brassica for early screening potential in breeding programs for enhanced oil quality of rapeseed mustard. Methods Seeds of 165 Brassica genotypes including exotic and indigenous collections from India were analysed for oil content, fatty acid composition of seed oil, and glucosinolate content in seed meal. Species represented were B. juncea (159 genotypes), B. rapa (2), B. napus (2), B. carinata (1) and Eruca sativa (1). Correlation, principal component and cluster analyses were performed. Key results Substantial genetic variability was detected among genotypes for all studied traits. Oil content ranged from 32% to 45%. Oleic (11.93–54.13%), linoleic (13.33–35.85%), linolenic (3.42–20.77%) and erucic (0–50.70%) acids were the dominant fatty acids. Erucic acid had a significant and negative association with oleic, linoleic, linolenic and eicosenoic acids. Glucosinolate content varied from 7.32 to 282.17 μmol/g in the defatted meal. The first two principal components accounted for 48.10% of cumulative variation. Genotypes were grouped into five major clusters. Genotypes of one cluster had high oleic acid (46.73%) and low erucic acid (1.72%). Conclusions Five promising genotypes were found with low glucosinolate (<30 μmol/g defatted meal) and low erucic acid (<2%) content (i.e. ‘00’ characteristics). Implications The inherent variation for seed oil quality traits across assessed Brassica genotypes suggests their potential for application in future breeding operations.
Production aspects of hay of tropical pasture of
Authors: Nascimento K. S. , Edvan R. L. , Santos C. O. , Sousa J. M. S. , Nascimento R. R. , Miranda R. S. , Bezerra L. R. , Biagiotti D. , Lima Neto A. F. , Araújo M. J.
Published: July 2022

Context Tropical pasture have been little explored for haymaking, due to lack of information regarding loss of nutrients and of forage dehydration. Aims This study aimed to evaluate the production aspects of tropical pasture hays. Methods To characterise forage dry mass yield and dehydration rate, we studied the grasses Marandú, Xaraés, Massai, Paredão, Planaltina and Tupã. The water soluble carbohydrates concentration curve, chemical composition and in situ rumen degradability of dry mass, crude protein and neutral detergent fibre were also determined. Key results The highest forage dry mass yield was observed in 2018, when Planaltina and Paredão performed best (6.28 and 5.26 ± 0.41 t of dry matter ha−1, respectively). There was no genotype × dehydration time interaction (P = 0.81) on water soluble carbohydrates. Exposure to sun resulted in a linear decreasing effect (P < 0.01) on water soluble carbohydrates content, with loss of 5.03 g kg−1 for each hour of exposure to the sun during the haymaking process. There was an interaction effect (P < 0.01) between type of material and genotype on the content of dry matter, mineral matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fibre (P < 0.01). In situ degradability of Massai grass dry mass was higher for the hay (758.0 and 253.8 ± 7.9 g kg−1 for hay and in natura material, respectively). Conclusions and implications The greater amount of leaves in relation to stem indicates that Massai grass is more efficient in dehydration during the first hours of exposure to the sun, as well as sustaining lower losses.