bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Much Can Board Attributes Influence Sustainability Performance of Firms? West African Evidence
Authors: Iliemena-Ifeanyi, Rachael Okwudili  , Goodluck, Happiness Chibuzor  , Ozue, Chuks Clement
Published: November 2023

This empirical study investigated the extent to which board attributes influence sustainability performance. In more specific terms, it examined the magnitude to which board size and board independence, respectively, influence social, economic and environmental sustainability performance. The study employed ex-post facto annual information published by 21 industrial goods firms listed on Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Group from 2012 to 2021. The study hypotheses were tested using ordinary least squares regression techniques. Findings from this study revealed that board size has a significant negative influence on social and environmental sustainability performance, while board independence has a significant positive influence on environmental sustainability performance. It is, therefore, concluded that board attributes significantly influence sustainability performance. Consequently, this study recommends, among others, that: there is a need to build the corporate Board in such a way that there would be a higher proportion of non-executive (outside) directors than executive (inside) directors, as this would enhance environmental sustainability performances of the companies and moderately lower number of directors should be kept in the Board for more efficient and effective decision process.
Investigating the Effect of Gold Leading and Lagging Relative to the Stock and Housing Market, Considering the Effect of Macroeconomic Variables
Authors: Hosein Badiee  , Nastaran Sttari Khadem
Published: November 2023

Purpose: This research examines the existence of the lead-lag effect in the gold markets compared to the stock and housing markets, taking into account the effect of macroeconomic variables. In emerging and relatively inefficient markets, returns are not normally distributed and have a high sequential correlation with each other. Also, price changes are not independent and random and there is a certain trend and pattern in the behavior of prices that knowledge of these patterns is necessary to gain more benefits for capital. It helps investors. One of the patterns that can be investigated in addition to market inefficiency is to investigate the existence of the lead-lag effect.

Method: In this research, the Lead-Lag model was analyzed using the VAR test and the LRSM test for long-term data during the years 1390 to 1401 on a monthly basis.

Findings: Financial stress shows that the inflation rate is a weak shelter for shareholders. Meanwhile, regarding whether gold is a hedge instrument against inflation, our result was able to prove this feature, which means that investing in gold is a reliable hedge. Here, the inflation rate lags behind gold and is obviously a good hedge against inflation. This paper shows that inflation shocks lead to a negative reaction to gold prices in the long run. In the short run, only gold price fluctuations affect inflation, and this causality is one-way.

Conclusion: From these findings, it can be concluded that the most exogenous variable, gold, followed by oil and the dollar, can be interpreted as the primary receivers of exogenous shocks, while housing prices, stocks, and the inflation rate seem to bear the burden of short-term adjustment endogenously, rather than the system return to its long-term state. The results show that gold is the most exogenous variable, while the inflation rate is the least endogenous variable. According to the research, it shows that the inflation rate cannot protect against changes in the price of gold.
Dialectics of Patriotism in Niyi Osundare’s ‘A Villager’s Protest’ and Tanure Ojaide’s ‘Kings of Fools’
Authors: Obaje, Alaba Anthony  , Kehinde, Rasheedat Akanbi
Published: November 2023

The alliance between poetry and politics has never been cornucopian; contestable intruding from both sides has been endless. As an important conditioning factor, politics is a major aspect of human life and it is only a matter of exigency that poetry should not take its eyes off politics.

This study, through the lens of Marxism, explores the dialectics of patriotism of the Nigerian electorates and their leaders in Osundare’s 'A Villagers' Protest' and Tanure Ojaide’s 'kings of Fools.' It also exemplifies the benignant judgement of glorification to a patriot of a nation. The study finds that for democracy and rules of law to thrive in Nigeria, patriotism should be reciprocated (rewarded), due process should be upheld and bad leadership should be adequately interrogated and rewarded in accordance with the law of the land.
Factors Influencing Entrepreneurial Success in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Case Study of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Kenya
Authors: Geoffrey Andrew Otieno
Published: November 2023

Micro, small and medium enterprises are crucial to Kenya's economy because they generate revenue, create jobs, distribute income, develop technological capabilities and disseminate resources. Despite these efforts, MSMEs continue to fail or stagnate. For the past five years, the performance of MSMEs has deteriorated. This study examined factors influencing entrepreneurial success in sub-Saharan Africa: a case study of MSMEs in Kenya. This study's objectives are to:

Assess the influence of financial literacy on the entrepreneurial success of MSMEs in Kenya,

Investigate the influence of entrepreneurial training on the entrepreneurial success of MSMEs in Kenya,

Evaluate the influence of financial access on the entrepreneurial success of MSMEs in Kenya,

Determine the influence of technology adoption on the entrepreneurial success of MSMEs in Kenya and

Investigate the combined influence of financial literacy, entrepreneurial training, financial access and technology adoption on the entrepreneurial success of MSMEs in Kenya.

This study was guided by the entrepreneurial competency theory and the resource-based theory. The study employed the pragmatism paradigm. A descriptive research design was utilized. The target population of the study was 1,502,907 MSMEs registered in Kenya. The study's sample size was 320. Data were gathered through mixed methods. SPSS was utilized to conduct correlation and regression analyses on the collected data. Descriptive analysis was performed to examine the characteristics of the data. Inferential statistics were also employed. Regression analysis was conducted to assess the combined impact of the variables. The qualitative data collected were carefully organized into themes for analysis. Findings showed that financial literacy, entrepreneurial training, financial access and technology adoption significantly affect the entrepreneurial success of MSMEs in Kenya. Training would enhance business owners understanding of business dynamics. Support in technology adoption would also aid in business success. The government should be pragmatic in support of the success of MSMEs. Business licensing, taxation, levies and regulations should be MSME-friendly. MSMEs require support in terms of capital injection, financial literacy, entrepreneurial training, financial access and technology adoption. A multisectoral approach to support MSMEs is proposed to enhance success.

Entrepreneurial success, micro, small and medium enterprises, financial literacy, entrepreneurial training, financial access and technology adoption
Resource Mobilization and Successful Implementation of Virtual Weighing Station Project by Local Firms in Kenya
Authors: Emmy Rotich  , Dr. Samson Nyang'au  , Collins Simiyu Khisa
Published: November 2023

Resource mobilization has gradually become relevant to all local firms of Kenya in the context of the global economic crisis, declining resource flows and greater demands for accountability. While it is recognized that there cannot be a one-size-fits-all approach and that different firms need to mobilize resources in different ways, there are some commonalities that pertain to all firms. Resources are the driving forces of organizations. Local firms need resources to effectively implement programs that improve the lives of their beneficiaries. However, local firms complain about not having enough resources to accomplish their goals since they often rely on singular funding streams from donors, which are provided over a limited time. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the influence of resource mobilization on local firms’ successful implementation of virtual weighing station projects in Kenya. The research was guided by the following specific objectives: 

To assess the effects of Human Resource mobilization on the successful implementation of virtual weighing stations by local firms in Kenya. 

To establish the effects of financial mobilization on the successful implantation of virtual weighing stations by local firms in Kenya. 

To establish the effects of material mobilization on the successful implementation of virtual weighing stations by local firms in Kenya. 

To investigate how the use of technology affects the successful implementation of virtual weighing stations by local firms in Kenya.

Theories such as resource mobilization theory, resource-based view theory and constraints theory were used for the development of this research. The research employed descriptive and explanatory research designs, given the small target population, which entailed officials from KeNHA (20), contractors’ staff (20) and project suppliers (10). Data were collected through the administration of interviews and questionnaires, while analysis was undertaken through the use of tools such as the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). From the data collected and analyzed, the study employed the use of descriptive statistics such as percentages, variances, means and standard deviations to analyze the data. The findings of the study indicated that human, financial, material and technology resource mobilization positively affects the successful implementation of virtual weighing stations in Kenya. From these findings, this research drew its conclusions on how resource mobilization influences the successful implementation of virtual weighing stations across the country by local firms.
The Role of School Leadership and Sponsor on Students’ Discipline in Public Catholic Sponsored Secondary Schools in Loitokitok, Kajiado County, Kenya
Authors: Buore M.A  , Ouma C.  , Mwita J.
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this paper is to share the findings of a study on the Role of Christianity on Student Discipline in secondary schools that was motivated by the unique role Christianity plays in character formation and teachings on obedience. The study sought to establish the impact of Christianity on students’ discipline, with Christianity as the independent variable and Students’ discipline as the dependent variable. The study constructs school leadership and sponsor as independent variables. What impact do Christian Leadership and sponsorship have in enhancing discipline among students? The study design was a cross-sectional research design and the target population was Catholic sponsored public Secondary schools in Loitokitok sub-county in Kajiado County, where the study sample was extracted. The study sought to use both primary and secondary data, which were both qualitative and quantitative. The data were collected using questionnaires, direct observations and interviews. A pilot survey was conducted to check the veracity of the study instrument. The questionnaire reliability test Cronbach Alpha α = 0.764. The results above 0.7 indicate that the study instrument is reliable. The data collected were analyzed using both descriptive as well as statistical analysis. The study sampled and distributed 364 questionnaires. The response rate achieved was 95.9% corresponding to 349 complete questionnaires for data analysis. The data were cleaned, coded, and organized, ready for analysis. The study findings indicate that a strong correlation between the contribution of Christian leadership and sponsorship in schools was significant, with r= 0.66. A report was compiled from the study analysis results and presented in a Dissertation for defense and publishing.
Exploring the Perceptions of Married Individuals on Sacramental Marriage: A Case of Catholic Archdiocese of Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Jane N. Mukuha  , Dr. John M. Kyule  , Mary Getui
Published: November 2023

Sacramental marriage holds a significant place within the Catholic Church as a sacred covenant between a man and a woman. However, understanding the perception of married individuals regarding sacramental marriage within the specific context of the Catholic Archdiocese of Nairobi remains largely unexplored. This research study aims to bridge this knowledge gap by delving into the perception of married individuals on sacramental marriage within the Catholic Archdiocese of Nairobi.

Through qualitative research methods such as interviews and surveys, this study will gather data from married individuals within the Catholic Archdiocese of Nairobi to gain insights into their perceptions, experiences, and challenges related to sacramental marriage. By exploring their perspectives, the study seeks to uncover the factors that shape their perception of sacramental marriage and the specific challenges they face within this religious and cultural context. The findings of this study will contribute to a deeper understanding of the unique dynamics and experiences surrounding sacramental marriages within the Catholic Archdiocese of Nairobi. This knowledge will be valuable for clergy, counselors, and policymakers in developing targeted interventions and support systems to address the challenges faced by married individuals within this community. It will also provide a foundation for enhancing pre-marital counseling and marriage preparation programs to better meet the needs of couples in sacramental marriages. This research study will fill the existing knowledge gap by shedding light on the perception of married individuals on sacramental marriage within the Catholic Archdiocese of Nairobi. The insights gained will have practical implications for improving the support, guidance, and overall well-being of couples in sacramental marriages within this religious community.
Instruction Improvement for Fundamental English Course Based on Assisted Tutoring System
Authors: Hwang, Jing-yi
Published: November 2023

Flipped classroom method is often used to enhance the efficiency of college-level class instruction. However, it seems a bit clumsy when the size of the classroom is large. This study suggests the 'assisted tutoring system' to overcome this unwanted drawback. The system encourages students in English 101 to proactively sign up appointments with the tutor and then the system monitors the improvements of each student. As such doing, a closed-loop feedback mechanism is formed to regulate the development of the English 101 class sized with 180 students. Linear regression and histogram techniques are applied to help see through the massive data. This study observes some significant results which show the method of 'assisted tutoring system' is effective for students' learning in an oversized class.
An Empirical Investigation of Inflation Dynamics in Kenya
Authors: Omanyo Daniel Odhiambo
Published: November 2023

This study examined inflation dynamics in Kenya using quarterly data covering 2010Q1 to 2023Q1. The study employed the ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration to estimate the determinants of inflation in Kenya. It examined the presence of second-round effects of inflation using the gap model approach. The study establishes that the nominal exchange rate, broad money supply, and output gap are the dominant drivers of inflation in Kenya. In addition, the study finds strong evidence of inflation inertia in the short run. Both structural and monetary factors thus drive inflation in Kenya. Second-round effects exist with headline inflation reverting to core inflation and core inflation to headline inflation. As a result, timely and adequate monetary policy action should focus on core inflation and headline inflation. Implementing policies that enhance production and reduce the output gap is essential to rein in the non-monetary component of inflation pressures.
The Role of Penitentiary Institutions in Conducting Guidance for Convicts in Correctional Institutions
Authors: Maidin Gultom  , Sahata Manalu
Published: November 2023

Penitentiary is one of the technical implementation units of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, which is the main task of implementing correctional services for convicts/students. One of the functions of a penitentiary is to carry out a coaching function which is a process of the penal system as a realization of criminal reform which was formerly known as a prison is also a process of fostering convicts who view convicts as creatures of God, individuals and members of society. The implementation of convict coaching based on the correctional system aims to make convicts become whole human beings, as has become the direction of national development through the approach of establishing faith and fostering so that they are able to integrate naturally into group life while in correctional institutions and wider life (society) after serving their sentences.
The Influence of Non-performing Assets on the Profit of Commercial Banks in Sri Lanka
Authors: Malsha Kalinga  , N. M. A. Jayasinghe  , K. G. G. Weerasinghe
Published: November 2023

Licensed commercial banks may be known as organizations that participate in the financial intermediation process, which entails some risk in carrying out their business. This study looked at how non-performing loans and advances, together known as net non-performing assets, impact commercial banks' net profits. The study concentrated on examining the occurrences in relation to Sri Lanka. The Central Bank of Sri Lanka's economic data library continues to be the principal source of secondary data used in this study. The licensed banks in the Sri Lankan banking system continue to be the target audience for the study, from which 24 licensed commercial banks were conveniently chosen. Time-series data from 2001 to 2020 related to the variables have been collected to ensure the accuracy of the research. The data has been analyzed statistically with the aid of E-Views version 10. The results of the regression analysis have revealed that there is a significant impact on the net profit of the commercial banks in Sri Lanka from the non-performing assets of the bank, further revealing that the relationship existing between the variables under consideration is negative, which leads to conclude that the non-performing assets adversely affect the net profit of the commercial banks in Sri Lanka. The researcher suggests future studies focus on a diversified sample to gain a comprehensive overview of the banking sector of Sri Lanka. The results of this research are useful for Sri Lankan commercial banks in managing their credit risk.
Judges' Interpretation of the Special Minimum Penalties in Act Number 31 of 1999 and Act Number 20 of 2001 Regarding the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Corruption
Authors: Elizabeth Ghozali  , Fahmiron
Published: November 2023

The issue of corruption remains an enduring subject of discourse within various societies, including Indonesia. This circumstance led to the enactment of Act Number 31 of 1999, which addresses the eradication of corruption. This legislation underwent modifications through Act Number 20 of 2001. Among the introduced alterations was the incorporation of a designated minimum sentence within the framework of the offense. This measure was aimed at establishing a dissuasive influence on potential corruption perpetrators. However, the implementation of the specified minimum penalties, as outlined in the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Corruption Act, has exhibited instances of violation. Judges, evaluating certain criteria, have opted to deviate from these stipulated minimum penalties. These criteria encompass factors such as the role and position held by the accused individuals involved in the corrupt activities.
Challenges in Implementing Counselling Services among Non-custodial Offenders and Possible Solutions
Authors: Irungu Veronica Njeri  , Dr. Michael Mbiriri  , Dr. Pia Okeche
Published: November 2023

The current study aims to investigate the challenges in implementing counselling services among non-custodial offenders and possible solutions. The majority of offenders in Kenya can be dealt with effectively in the community by means of non-custodial correctional interventions such as counselling. However, there are challenges in implementing counselling services among non-custodial offenders and possible solutions. This is regardless of the fact that imprisonment should be used with utmost restraint and used as the last resort when all other sanctions have been considered and found inappropriate. In this study, mixed research methodology was used, where both quantitative and qualitative methods were utilized. The study had a target population of 37 probation officers who were counsellors: ten males, twenty-seven females and 444 probationers in selected probation stations within Nairobi County. Census sampling was used to select all 37 probation officers, While Yame formula was used to arrive at a sample size of 82 probationers. Data were collected through the use of questionnaires and interviews. Social Skills Improvement System (SSIS) Tool was used to measure psychological Adjustment of Probationers. A questionnaire was administered to non-custodial offenders serving on probation service orders and probation officers who were counsellors. The county director and regional coordinator of probation service in Nairobi County were interviewed. The study revealed that key challenges in implementing counselling services among non-custodial offenders include: lack of enough designated rooms and spaces where private counselling sessions can be held to enhance the principle of confidentiality; a cardinal rule in professional counselling, not all officers are trained in counselling field, the limited number of counsellors who have specialized in specific areas of counselling, such as drug addiction, family and marriage therapy, among others.
Socio-cultural Factors That Influence Men’s Participation in Family Planning in Bomet County, Kenya
Authors: Jackline C. Bii  , Dr. Pacificah F. Okemwa  , Dr. Zacharia W. Samita
Published: November 2023

The Government of Kenya (GoK) has adopted strategic interventions to reduce fertility and address unmet Family Planning (FP) needs. This study sought to examine socio-cultural factors that influence men’s participation in FP in Bomet County, Kenya. The study was informed by the Social Dominance Theory (Sidanius & Pratto, 1999). This research adopted a descriptive survey research design. Multi-stage cluster sampling was utilized to sample 394 participants from the households. Further, twelve key informants, including seven health practitioners, three religious leaders and two community elders, were selected purposively to participate in the study. Data collection were questionnaires, Key informants interview (KIIs) and focus group discussion (FGD) guides. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse quantitative data. Thematic grouping was used to analyse qualitative data. The findings revealed that socio-cultural factors determine men's participation in FP. They included: the desire to have large families, son preference and religious beliefs.
Standardization relevance of approaches and formation of unified technology transfer principles for obtaining substances from the laboratory development stage to implementation in the production site
Authors: Tarasenko O. M. , Myhal A. V. , Rudiuk V. V. , Kukhtenko O. S.
Published: November 2023

Aim. To analyze and systematize approaches to scaling and transferring active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) from the laboratory to industrial production in accordance with the principles of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) in the pharmaceutical industry in Ukraine and worldwide; to determine the relevance of developing a single standardized algorithm of actions for approaches to scaling and transferring substances.

Materials and methods. During the research, various methods, including a systemic approach, comparison, analogy and generalization of information about scaling and transferring APIs were used. Methods of scientific analysis were used to analyze recent publications in scientific and practical journals. Tabular and schematic tools for visual presentation of the data obtained were also applied.

Results. Based on the analysis and research results, the largest global suppliers of synthetic APIs were identified, and the state of the domestic market for synthetic APIs was analyzed. The leading producer of substances of synthetic origin in Ukraine was determined. The analysis of literature, scientific data, and regulatory acts and recommendations on the requirements for transferring (implementing) new APIs to production highlighted: groups of substances by origin; GMP requirements for API production, according to their method of obtaining and stage; the main stages of the API’s life cycle, as well as the fundamental scheme of technology transfer from the laboratory development to industrial production. Approaches to the development and implementation of new products in production, as reflected in approved international documents, such as the Guideline on Good Manufacturing Practices for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, WHO TRS Technical Report, Annex 7, and ICH Q11, were analyzed and developed. It was determined that for the successful transfer of technologies between the sending unit (SU) and receiving unit (RU), it was necessary to have a Technology Transfer Specialist (TTS) – a SU expert responsible for organizing and coordinating the technology transfer process between SU and RU. The role and key areas of responsibility of this expert in the process of scaling up the technology for obtaining APIs from laboratory conditions to industrial production were identified.

Conclusions. According to the results of the analysis, there is a lack of a clearly defined standardized algorithm for approaches to scaling and transferring technology for obtaining APIs in the pharmaceutical industry in Ukraine and worldwide. In the course of the research, the relevance of forming a single standardized algorithm for approaches to scaling and transferring substances from the laboratory to industrial production in accordance with the principles of GMP has been determined.
The Dynamics of Turn-taking in Meetings of the Federal Open Market Committee
Authors: Langerfeld Christian , Andersen Gisle
Published: November 2023

In applied linguistics relatively little empirical research has been devoted to the study of spoken language compared to written genres. This article aims to complement previous research by focusing on domain-specific language use in discussions of monetary policy held by the Federal Open Market Committee in the U.S. We take a corpus-based and discourse-analytic approach and explore the dynamics of turn-taking within this spoken genre based on a recently compiled corpus. In a bottom-up fashion, we explore the corpus with a view to documenting items used to manage the interaction in this formalised and highly specified communicative setting. The concordance and frequency functions of the corpus provide a good way of charting recurrent patterns in the sequential organisation of this discourse genre. Turn-taking is constrained in ways that are characteristic of the meeting genre. Parts of the meeting are dynamically interactive, while other parts are more monologic in nature. Transitions between speakers is regulated through various explicit and less explicit means. Although the chairperson has a particular role in this, the attendees also contribute to the regulation. Turn-regulating mechanisms are often formulaic in nature and turn transitions tend to co-occur with speech acts specific to the interactional setting, such as thanking, addressing a designated speaker, expressing agreement, asking for clarification, ensuring co-participation from others, etc. These functions vary according to their placement in the stretch of discourse that constitutes an agenda item or a meeting.
Distribution of Phthalate Acid Esters in Indoor and Outdoor Air Samples Collected from Hanoi Metropolitan Areas in Vietnam
Authors: Tu Vu Van , Anh Nguyen Viet , Nhai Vu Thi Thanh , Oanh Nguyen Thi Kim , Minh Tu Binh , Tri Tran Manh
Published: November 2023

In this study, ten phthalic acid esters (PAEs) were measured in indoor and outdoor air samples collected from Hanoi metropolitan areas. The target compounds were adsorbed onto a solid adsorbent matrix (C18) with a low-speed pump and then analyzed on a gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The recoveries of surrogate standards ranged from 78.5 to 112% (RSD < 15%). The method detection limits of target compounds were in the range of 0.08-0.3 ng/m3. The total mean concentration of 10 PAEs in indoor and outdoor samples were in ranges of 1400-3710 ng/m3 and 178-487 ng/m3, respectively. Among PAEs, di-(2-ethyl)hexyl phthalate (DEHP) was found at the highest abundance and concentration. The distribution of PAEs in indoor air was higher significantly than those in outdoor air samples. Some pairs of PAEs (BzBP vs DCHP, DEHP vs DnHP, DnHP vs DnOP, and DEHP vs DnOP) had strong correlations and suggested that they are from the same source. Human exposure doses to PAEs through inhalation were estimated for two age groups (children and adults) based on the measured concentrations of PAEs in air, inhalation rates, and body weights. The estimated daily intake doses were in ranges of 29.7-750 ng/kg-bw/d and 7.29-181 ng/kg-bw/d for children and adults, respectively.
Perfil dos pacientes infectados com bactérias multirresistentes no Brasil
Authors: Farias Márcia Izaura Teixeira de , Ribeiro Marcus José Rodrigues , Fernandes Adriana Prado , Elmescany Sâmella Benoliel , Sousa Chriscia Jamilly Pinto de , Lo Prete Ana Cristina , Sena Luann Wendel Pereira de , Ribeiro Carolina Heitmann Mares Azevedo
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: Identificar, descrever e comparar estudos relacionados ao perfil dos pacientes infectados com bactérias multirresistentes no Brasil. Métodos: Revisão integrativa realizada através da base de dados PUBMED/MEDLINE, Scientific Eletronic Library Online, Google Scholar, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde e Rede de Revistas Científicas da América Latina e Caribe, Espanha e Portugal; no período de 2017 e 2021, utilizando os descritores resistência bacteriana, antibióticos e perfil no idioma inglês e português. Resultados: Foram selecionados 11 artigos que apresentaram perfis de pacientes com diversas características peculiares ao tipo de infecção provocada por bactérias multirresistentes e com situações sócio demográficas relevantes para o processo de colonização e contaminação por esses patógenos. Considerações finais: Apesar do tema abordado ser de extrema importância e afetar as diversas classes sociais, a literatura abordada ainda é bastante escassa e carece de mais pesquisas, contudo os artigos analisados indicam que no Brasil, as características dos pacientes infectados por Bactérias multirresistentes foram: sexo feminino, infecções provocadas por bactérias gram negativas com espectro estendido para beta lactamases, destacando-se a E.coli; enquanto que entre as gram positivas o Staphilococos coagulase negativo atuou provocando resistências antimicrobianas importantes.
Sistemas autoadesivos odontológicos: uma análise abrangente
Authors: Pessoa Laryssa Cleanny Veiga , Alves Érika Bianka Santos do Amor Divino , Mendonça Izabel Cristina Gomes de
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de literatura abrangente sobre sistemas adesivos odontológicos, com o intuito de analisar e compilar o conhecimento científico atual disponível sobre o assunto. Revisão bibliográfica: Os cimentos resinosos convencionais e autoadesivos, descrevendo suas composições, mecanismos de união e propriedades. Os cimentos convencionais requerem o uso de sistemas adesivos, enquanto os autoadesivos possuem monômeros ácido-funcionais que permitem a união direta à estrutura dentária. Ambos os tipos de cimentos são capazes de promover adesão efetiva a diferentes substratos, como dentina, cerâmica e zircônia. No entanto, existem controvérsias em relação à resistência de união à dentina e à necessidade de pré-tratamento. Considerações finais: Os cimentos resinosos autoadesivos surgem como uma opção para simplificar os procedimentos de cimentação, eliminando etapas prévias de tratamento e reduzindo o tempo clínico. Eles demonstram boa resistência mecânica e adesão, além de apresentarem vantagens como menor sensibilidade técnica e microinfiltração reduzida. No entanto, é importante considerar suas limitações, como possíveis dificuldades de adesão em determinados substratos e a necessidade de garantir uma adequada fotopolimerização. O uso adequado e consciente desses materiais pode contribuir para o sucesso clínico das restaurações.
Síndrome Coronariana Aguda com intervenção coronariana percutânea em paciente com hemofilia
Authors: Borges Mylla Pires Pinheiro , Oliveira Luciana Gonçalves de , Rocha Nina Pinto Monteiro , Silva Paula Amador Gomes da , Santo Cauã Leal do Espírito , Alves Daniel Garcia da Gama , Simões Nathalya Beatriz Macedo , Tavares Juliana de Sousa , Dias Bruna Pantoja de Mendonça
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: Relatar um caso bem-sucedido de Hemofilia associado à Doença Arterial Coronariana com indicação de intervenção coronariana percutânea. Detalhamento de caso: Trata-se de relato de caso, em que foi avaliado um paciente homem portador de Hemofilia A admitido no pronto-atendimento com angina instável. Foi realizado cateterismo que evidenciou lesões em artérias coronárias descendente anterior e circunflexa. Pelo risco de sangramento do paciente, o caso foi discutido em conjunto com a hematologia. Optou-se por realizar a intervenção coronária percutânea, com administração de Concentrado de Fator VIII no pré-operatório e reposição continuada durante a internação. O paciente realizou terapia dupla com AAS e Ticagrelor por 1 mês após a cirurgia. Considerações finais: As doenças cardiovasculares são de difícil manejo em pacientes hemofílicos, pela necessidade de conciliar a terapia antitrombótica com o elevado risco de sangramento. A falta de diretrizes específicas torna o manejo desses casos ainda mais complexo. Para isso, a avaliação é feita em conjunto, com médicos cardiologistas e hematologistas.
Quelques remarques sur la notion d'interprétation ou Du dialogue quotidien comme modèle d'interprétation.
Authors: François Frédéric
Published: November 2023

[pas de résumé]
linguistique fonctionnelle et structurale de Prague et sa continuation à l'époque de la description formelle
Authors: Sgall Petr
Published: November 2023

[pas de résumé]
théorie cohérente est-elle bien la meilleure ?
Authors: Mahmoudian Mortéza
Published: November 2023

Dans l'élaboration et l'appréciation des constructions théoriques en linguistique, le critère de cohérence tient une place importante, bien que variable selon les cadres de référence. Il est souvent utilisé - surtout dans les controverses - de façon implicite. Quand la cohérence constitue un critère explicite, elle est conçue comme la non contradiction, et située au niveau de l'élaboration formelle (adéquation interne) et groupée avec d'autres exigences comme explicitation, exhaustivité, simplicité, généralité, ... Or, un examen critique montre que souvent, des critères d'adéquation externe interviennent là-même où l'on croit débattre des propriétés formelles. C1est que la cohérence théorique ne peut être appréciée de façon indépendante ni absolue. Dès qu10n tente d'apprécier une théorie tant par sa cohérence que par son adéquation à l'objet, on constate d'une part qu'à certains niveaux de l'élaboration théorique, l'adéquation externe et l'adéquation interne ne vont pas nécessairement de pair; d' autre part que la quête d'une explication globale est une utopie et d'autre part encore que dans l'élaboration des théories et modèles linguistiques, on opère - qu10n le veuille ou non - par hiérarchisation et tri. Cet état des choses est _. pensons-nous - dû à la complexité de l'objet langage. Complexité qu'on peut caractériser ainsi : les facteurs - qui déterminent la structure et le fonctionnement des langues ­sont en grand nombre (non fini), le rôle de chacun d'entre eux présente une gradation multiple (irréductible à une distinction sommaire pertinent/non pertinent) et tout usage du langage fait cependant appel à un nombre restreint de facteurs dont chacun revêt un degré relativement déterminé de pertinence. II en découle des rapports multiples et asymétriques entre structure et usage et une valeur relative des critères formels dans l'élaboration et l' appréciation des constructions théoriques.
Logique, analogie et empirisme dans l'analyse linguistique
Authors: Kasevich Vadim B.
Published: November 2023

[pas de résumé]
"Das da zehrt so am Selbstwertgefühl"
Authors: Ginal Marina
Published: November 2023

Die medizinische Wissenschaft zählt zu den exklusivsten Studienfächern mit der weitaus höchsten akademischen Reproduktion. Mit Blick auf Geschlechterungleichheiten verlassen Frauen das Fach zu großen Teilen, bevor sie eine Professur erhalten konnten. Dieser Verschränkung von Ungleichheiten folgt der Aufsatz und untersucht, in Anlehnung an die Feld-Habitus-Theorie von Pierre Bourdieu, auf welche Art und Weise Ausschlüsse aus der Hochschule erzeugt werden. Der Fokus liegt hierbei auf den emotionalen Kosten von Feld-Habitus-Differenzen für Erstakademikerinnen in der Habilitationsphase, in der sich die meisten Wissenschaftlerinnen umorientieren. Empirisch basiert dieser Artikel auf dem Vergleich zwischen Erstakademikerinnen und Frauen aus akademischen Elternhäusern. Im Ergebnis wird deutlich, dass Erstakademikerinnen mit kontinuierlichen Passungsanforderungen konfrontiert sind, die im Habilitationsverlauf eine innere Feldabhängigkeit verstärken, das Selbstvertrauen verringern und erhöhte Stressbelastung mit sich bringen. Insgesamt wird aufgezeigt, wie krisenhafte Habilitationsverläufe erzeugt werden, die dazu führen, dass das Verlassen der Hochschule als eigene Problemlage erscheint.
Improving the sustainability of enzymatic synthesis of poly(butylene adipate)-based copolyesters. Polycondensation reaction in bulk vs in diphenyl ether
Authors: Sokołowska Martyna , Molnar Kristof , Puskas Judit E. , El Fray Miroslawa
Published: November 2023

In response to mounting global concerns such as CO2 emissions, environmental pollution, and the depletion of fossil resources, the field of polymer science is shifting its focus toward sustainability. This research investigates the synthesis of poly(butylene adipate)-co-(dilinoleic adipate) (PBA-DLA) copolymers using two distinct methods: bulk polycondensation and polycondensation in diphenyl ether. The objective is to assess the environmental impact, chemical structure, composition, and key properties of the resulting copolymers, with a particular emphasis on determining the viability of bulk synthesis as a more sustainable approach. Various analytical methods, including nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and size exclusion chromatography (SEC), were employed to confirm successful copolymerization and highlight differences in molecular weight and microstructure. Additionally, thermal and dynamic mechanical analyses were conducted to thoroughly characterize the copolymers' properties. This research provides significant findings into the sustainable production of PBA-DLA copolymers, offering a more environmentally friendly approach without compromising product quality or performance.
Fluorene-fused Dimeric Carbonyl/amine Multiresonant Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitter for Efficient Green OLEDs
Authors: Wu Sen , Hu Yan-Nan , Sun Dianming , Wang Kai , Zhang Xiaohong , Zysman-Colman Eli
Published: November 2023

Multiresonant thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) materials possessing narrow emission spectra have attracted significant attention as emitters for use in high color purity organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Here we report a fluorene-fused dimeric carbonyl/amine MR TADF emitter DDiKTa-F that is designed to show narrower and brighter emission than the previously reported compound DDiKTa. By locking the conformation of the molecule using a fluorene bridge, a narrower, brighter (PL = 78%), and red-shifted emission at 494 nm (FWHM of 49 nm) was obtained. The OLEDs with DDiKTa-F emitted at 493 nm and showed an EQEmax of 15.3%. Despite a slightly lower efficiency compared to the previously reported device with DDiKTa, the device exhibited a lower efficiency roll-off of 35% at 100 cd m-2.
Understanding the Mechanism of Urea Oxidation from First-Principles Calculations
Authors: Tatarchuk Stephen , Choueiri Rachelle , MacKay Alexander , Johnston Shayne , Cooper William , Snyder Kayla , Medvedev Jury , Klinkova Anna , Chen Leanne
Published: November 2023

Developing electrocatalysts for urea oxidation reaction (UOR) works toward sustainably treating urea-enriched water. Without a clear understanding of how UOR products form, advancing catalyst performance is currently hindered. This work examines the thermodynamics of UOR pathways to produce N2, NO2–, and NO3– on a (0001) β-Ni(OH)2 surface using density functional theory with the computational hydrogen electrode model. Our calculations show support for two major experimental observations: (1) N2 favours an intramolecular mechanism, and (2) NO2–/NO3– are formed in a 1:1 ratio with OCN–. In addition, we found that selectivity between N2 and NO2–/NO3– on our model surface appears to be controlled by two key factors, the atom that binds the surface intermediates to the surface and how they are deprotonated. These UOR pathways were also examined with a Cu dopant, revealing that an experimentally observed increased N2 selectivity may originate from increasing the limiting potential required to form NO2–. This work builds towards developing a more complete atomic understanding of UOR at the surface of NiOxHy electrocatalysts.
Molecular Similarity: Theory, Applications, and Perspectives
Authors: Lopez Perez Kenneth , Avellaneda Tamayo Juan , Chen Lexin , Lopez Lopez Edgar , Juarez Mercado K. Euridice , Medina Franco Jose Luis , Miranda-Quintana Ramon
Published: November 2023

Molecular similarity pervades much of our understanding and rationalization of chemistry. This has become particularly evident in the current data-intensive era of chemical research, with similarity measures serving as the backbone of many Machine Learning (ML) supervised and unsupervised procedures. Here, we present a discussion on the role of molecular similarity in drug design, chemical space exploration, chemical “art” generation, molecular representations, and many more. We also discuss more recent topics in molecular similarity, like the ability to efficiently compare large molecular libraries.
Acrylate-derived RAFT polymers for enzyme hyperactivation – Boosting the α-chymotrypsin enzyme activity using tailor-made poly(2-carboxyethyl)acrylate (PCEA)
Authors: Müllers Yannic , Sadr Ahmad Shahir , Schenderlein Matthias , Pallab Nazim , D. Davari Mehdi , Glebe Ulrich , Reifarth Martin
Published: November 2023

We study the hyperactivation of α-chymotrypsin (α-CT) here, using acrylate-derived PCEA polymer. Enzyme activity assays revealed a pronounced enzyme hyperactivation capacity being superior to widespread PAA polymers. In a combined experimental and computational study, we investigate α-CT/polymer interactions to elucidate the hyperactivation mechanism.
Zero-field splitting tensor of the triplet excited states of aromatic molecules: A valence full-π complete active space self-consistent field study
Authors: Miyokawa Katsuki , Kurashige Yuki
Published: November 2023

A method to predict D tensor in the molecular frame with multiconfigurational wavefunctions in large active space was proposed, and spin properties of the lowest triplets of aromatic molecules were examined with full-π active space; such calculations were challenging because the size of active space grows exponentially with the number of π electrons. In the method, the exponential growth of the complexity is resolved by the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) algorithm. From the D tensor, we can directly determine the direction of the magnetic axes and the ZFS parameters, D- and E-values, of the phenomenological spin Hamiltonian with their signs, which are not usually obtained in ESR experiments. The method using the DMRG-CASSCF wavefunction can give correct results even when the sign of D- and E-values are sensitive to the accuracy of the prediction of the D tensor and existing methods fail to predict the correct magnetic axes.
Docencia, innovación social y transferencia
Authors: Dueñas José Domingo , Alejandre José Luis , Cortés Alejandra
Published: November 2023

﻿Entre el 18 y el 20 de enero de 2023 la Universidad de Zaragoza organizó las XV Jornadas de Innovación Docente e Investigación Educativa en el edificio Paraninfo, y bajo el lema de “Docencia, Innovación Social y Transferencia”. Con el objetivo de profundizar en estos ámbitos de reflexión se pusieron en común y se debatieron un importante volumen de experiencias, estudios y análisis realizados en el contexto socioeducativo de la docencia universitaria. En esta edición se contó con la colaboración y la participación activa del Departamento de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, del Departamento de Ciudadanía y Servicios Sociales a través del Laboratorio de Aragón Abierto, del Gobierno de Aragón, así como con el Servicio de Apoyo a Emprendedores de la Confederación de Empresarios de Aragón. La colaboración entre administraciones ha servido, a nuestro juicio, para la creación de nuevas sinergias entre proyectos, objetivos profesionales e investigadores. De las aportaciones ofrecidas en su momento se reúne en este libro una selección altamente representativa, a nuestro juicio. Desde un espectro muy variado de disciplinas y de presupuestos teóricos, los autores y autoras aquí agrupados, en su mayor parte pertenecientes a la Universidad de Zaragoza, aunque también procedentes de otras universidades, analizan en detalle la actualidad de la docencia universitaria, así como sus posibilidades de innovación social y de transferencia del conocimiento. En todos los casos, se ofrecen experiencias de innovación convenientemente evaluadas y contrastadas metodológicamente, susceptibles por ello de ser trasladadas a otros ámbitos de la actividad universitaria. En definitiva, cabe pensar que los capítulos aquí congregados contribuirán, sin duda, a la mejora de la docencia y la innovación universitarias en muy diferentes vertientes.