bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Disability: A Family Crisis
Authors: Reagles Susan
Published: June 2019

A disability experienced by one family member impacts on all individuals in the family unit and influences their typical pattern of interaction. The process of individual and family adjustment to disability, a family crisis, is seen in a case study of Sam and his diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. The individual, family and social adjustment issues, including redefinition of family, social, sexual and work roles, are examined in a real live context. Tentative recommendations for professionals working with families in which an individual becomes disabled are developed from personal interviews with Sam and his family.
The Effect of Out-of-State Employment Information on Client Relocation
Authors: Jan Clarence , Suchyta Edward
Published: June 2019

An attempt to give Michigan Rehabilitation Service clients practical information about relocating for out-of-state employment is described. Relocation information sessions lasting about an hour were held. The information discussed included a check list of necessary job seeking items. Also included were job finding suggestions and travel information. Of 850 clients invited to one of eight information meetings, 59 attended. There was no significant increase in the number of clients who found jobs in out-of state employment. It was concluded that with the methods used, it was not worth the staff time and effort to gather, prepare, and present relocation material to groups of clients.
Railroad Rehabilitation Counseling
Authors: Mason Jack D.
Published: June 2019

Rehabilitation services are provided for disabled workers by the railroad industry. The railroad rehabilitation counselor must be able to apply fundamental counseling skills in application with knowledge specific to the railroad industry.
Vocational Outcome
Authors: Rao Noel , Kaplan Steven , Harvey Richard F. , Jellinek Hollis M.
Published: June 2019

A variety of vocational evaluation models currently exist for people with physical disabilites. The purpose of this paper is to describe one such model that focuses on a cooperative arrangement between a physiatrist (Rehabilitation Medicine specialist) and a trained rehabilitation counselor. Results of pilot data analysis suggest that cooperative evaluation and planning between physiatrist and counselor results in a higher rate of successful vocational outcome than when a traditional method of physical capacities evaluation is used.
Working Paper on the Role of Rehabilitation in Refugee Resettlement
Authors: Hurley Margaret L.
Published: June 2019

Paul Hartling, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees stated recently that “being a refugee is in itself a handicap” (UN General Assembly, 1981a, p. 39). Like persons who experience a disability, refugees find themselves in a situation which drastically alters their life, yet one over which they have little or no control. As political unrest, economic hardship and instability spread throughout the world, the number of persons pushed out of their homes and their livelihoods increases. Governments and agencies which provide relief to these refugees are starting to recognize the importance of finding durable solutions rather than providing only temporary solutions in the form of immediate relief. Rehabilitations’ successful experience in helping handicapped persons to become fully-functioning, independent members of society can serve as a basis for developing programs to help refugees do the same.

Because refugees have not traditionally been viewed as clients by the rehabilitation profession, the first section of this paper attempts to familiarize the reader with the current worldwide refugee situation. To be able to assist refugees we must first be knowledgable of the refugee problem in a global sense and also from the standpoint of the individual refugee.

The second section is a review of refugee assistance activities. Much is being done in the field of refugee relief and it is worthwhile to study both the successes and failures of past and present endeavors. In this way we can avoid the replication of programs which have failed and learn from those that have succeeded.

The third section is a survey of the knowledge, skills and techniques of rehabilitation with implications for finding long-lasting solutions to the problems of refugees.
Medications: Considerations for Rehabilitation Planning
Authors: Falvo Donna , Maki Dennis R.
Published: June 2019

As many clients seeking rehabilitation services are taking medications, the counselor needs to be knowledgeable of the names and categories of medications, the effects of individual differences regarding dosage, the abbreviations used on prescriptions, the informational resources available, as well as the behavioral and functional implications of medications on client performance. A review for the rehabilitation counselor of the basic applied information regarding medications is provided. In addition, a framework for considering the behavioral and functional limitations of medications is presented to assist counselors, in rehabilitation planning for their clients taking medications.
NRCA Task Force on Consultation/PrivatePractice: Rehabilitation Credentialing Issues
Authors: Matkin Ralph E. , Banks BarbaraJ.
Published: June 2019

The following report by the Task Force on Consultation/Private Practice was adopted as policy by the NRCA Board of Directors at the 1983 National Conference in Boston. It is the purpose of the Task Forces of NRCA to address timely issues related to rehabilitation counseling and recommend policy action by the Association. This is the first of several issues currently being addressed that have been acted upon by the Board of Directors.
Counselor Licensure, Confidentiality, and Privileged Communication: Implications for Private Practice in Rehabilitation
Authors: Cottone R. Rocco , Pullen James R. , Wilson William C.
Published: June 2019

This article addresses the importance of confidentiality and privileged communication in the counselor-client relationship. State licensure statutes are reviewed in regard to their confidentiality and/or privileged. communication provisions. The implications of legal confidentiality and privileged communication on the private-for-profit practice of rehabilitation are discussed.
Rehabilitation Perspectives On Obesity
Authors: Kaplan Steven P.
Published: June 2019

This article's purpose is to introduce rehabilitation professionals to the handicapping aspects of serious obesity; that condition defined as being at least 50% over normal weight. Some medical and psychosocial sequelae of obesity are described, along with some of the possible functional limitations an obese person may have. Counseling interventions and stigma management techniques are described.
The Effects of Physical Attractiveness and Disability on Client Ratings by Helping Professionals
Authors: Mercer Janice , Andrews Henry , Mercer Arthur
Published: June 2019

Levels of attractiveness and disability were varied to assess their effects on client ratings by students in the helping professions. Students in counseling, rehabilitation, and social work served as subjects. The same female “client” was photographed in four different conditions. Each subject received a photograph of the client in one of four conditions, the appropriate background sketch, and listening to a brief audiotape of an interview between the client and a “helping professional,” subjects rated the client on 22 bipolar adjectives which factored into six orthogonal factors: Social Attractiveness; Prognosis; Physical Attractiveness; Personal Evaluation; Severity of the Presenting Problem; and Adjustment. Multivariate anova indicated significant overall main effects and interactions, and that a female client was rated as more attractive in the disabled condition.
Vocational Outcomes of High School Students with Epilepsy
Authors: Clemmons David C. , Dodrill Carl B.
Published: June 2019

In the fall of 1982, 42 adolescents with epilepsy referred for neuropsychological testing were followed 6.44 years after testing (4.55 years after high school) with respect to vocational outcome. Forty-three percent of the sample were either employed or involved in continuing education (N = 18); 57% reported no competitive employment (N = 24). Thirty-one percent were receiving federal living subsidies. Thirty-six percent (N = 15) had received state vocational rehabilitation (VR) services, with a placement rate of 13% (N = 2). The low VR placement is consistent with recent literature. The sample demonstrated lowered performance on an expanded Halstead-Reitan Battery. Significant t-test differences (P< .01) were observed between working and non-working portions of the sample on the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale and on percentage of neuropsychological tests outside normal limits. Similar results have been reported with adult epileptics seen at this Center. A discussion of priorities in rehabilitation planning and of the use of neuropsychological testing to aid in identifying vocationally “at risk” youth is presented.
A Meta-Model for Rehabilitation: Suggestions for a Dimensional Approach
Authors: Livneh Hanoch
Published: June 2019

A model which synthesizes the structure and content' of previously developed models in the field of rehabilitation is suggested. Drawing from Hershenson's three-dimensional model, the present model delineates the following three dimensions: Basic Life-Coping Processes (Perception – sensation;, Cognition; Affect; and Motoric Expression) x Activity Levels (Body-System; Self-System; Interpersonal – Social; and Environmental) x Contexts of Functioning (Physical; Mental; Emotional' and Social). Each of the dimensions is discussed with regard to its major components, reference axes, and underlying psycho-behavioral points of view. Finally, potential applications of the model to several areas within the rehabilitation field are outlined.
The Role of the Rehabilitation Counselor in Providing Job Oriented Services to Severely Handicapped Mentally Retarded Persons
Authors: Revell W. Grant , Arnold Susan M.
Published: June 2019

Persons severely handicapped by mental retardation are now having the opportunity to demonstrate their capacity for developing competitive level job skills. Use of a rehabilitation counseling model emphasizing preplacement orientation within competitive work settings, on-the-job training and supervision after placement, and extended follow-up provides an effective means of assisting mentally retarded individuals to retain competitive level employment. Based on the work of a Virginia based job placement program called Project Transition, this paper describes the varied and demanding role of the rehabilitation counselor in providing comprehensive, competitively oriented employment services to severely handicapped mentally retarded individuals.
Preserving the Spirit of Professional Cooperation: A Crucial Need in Rehabilitation Counseling
Authors: Hemenway Patrick
Published: June 2019

Cooperation among rehabilitation counselors represents a necessary means to insure the quality of service provision. A review of the history of rehabilitation reveals an exceptional record of intraprofessional cooperation, especially during its years of dynamic growth. Recently however, a number of trends have emerged which lessen both the incentive and ability of counselors to work together as a professionally linked unit. Reduced funding, the proliferation of private sector rehabilitation, the growth of special interest groups, and rising demands for accountability and role performance are among the most visible movements which have weakened the traditional cohesive atmosphere. It is proposed that a crucial need in rehabilitation counseling exists in preserving the once prominent philosophy of professional cooperation. In meeting the need, it is further proposed that the author's and other counselor trainees, as well as current practitioners, role involves a dynamic commitment to understand, communicate, and cooperate in a conscious effort to promote the welfare of the disabled client and the field of rehabilitation counseling.
Epilepsy: Implications for Rehabilitation
Authors: Ososkie Joseph N.
Published: June 2019

A review of epilepsy literature exposes the unstable and uncertain nature of this neurological disorder. Fear of a seizure, medication side effects, and public stigma produce anxiety in the sufferer. Psychological and social reactions to epilepsy are the disabling aspects and not necessarily seizure symptomatology. Rehabilitation implications are discussed. Rehabilitationists should become involved in epilepsy rehabilitation during all phases of neurological evaluation and medical intervention.
Counseling Interventions
Authors: Thomas Kenneth R. , Parker Randall M.
Published: June 2019

To gain professional stature, rehabilitation counselors (RCs) have promoted the viewpoint that rehabilitation counseling is unique and different from generic counseling. The research literature reflects a concomitant trend in the continuous erosion over the past 15 years of the counseling function. The necessity of a re-emphasis on counseling is presented along with a review of the literature on basic considerations in counseling, career counseling, and psychosocial counseling. Finally, a call is made for renewed emphasis on the core of the rehabilitation process-counseling.
Case Management and Administration
Authors: Riggar T.F. , Patrick Dean
Published: June 2019

This article defines case management and case load management as it pertains to rehabilitation counselors and their administrators and supervisors. Definitions are provided from a variety of perspectives that constitute case or caseload management. Additionally, case and case load management techniques are examined through different perspectives as they relate to varied employment settings. Finally, the historical and legislative perspectives are discussed as they relate to the evolution of case and case load management.
Rehabilitation Counselor Education
Authors: Scalia Vincent A. , Wolfe Richard R.
Published: June 2019

A chronology of Rehabilitation Counselor Education, including the evolution of the basic core curriculum is provided. The authors focus upon the core curriculum and its relationship to the recognition of rehabilitation counseling as a profession. Rehabilitation Counselor Education, treated as pre-service training, is viewed as preparing the student for a profession, whereas the Continuing Education programs provide skills training for a specific job. These two kinds of programs are considered complementary, not competitive.
Counseling for the Client Suffering from a Communication Disorder
Authors: Kraetschmer Kurt
Published: June 2019

The paper discusses problems encountered in counseling and rehabilitating the client who suffers from a speech-language impairment which limits his communicative abilities and skills. The first part addresses questions germane to family counseling and provides insight into the problem of adequate environment for speech-language therapy. The second part propounds a classification of various speech-langulfge disorders which are frequently encountered in the clinical practice. It also describes the characteristic features of these disorders and appropriate intervention strategies. The last part presents two case studies from the clinical practice to show the results of an integrative approach to the rehabilitation of the speech-language impaired client.
The Need for Family Involvement In Client Rehabilitation
Authors: Sutton Jack
Published: June 2019

Rehabilitation counselors usually focus their efforts upon the individual client. They fail to view him or her as part of a social network -- the family. Disability causes economic, social and emotional changes within the family. These changes may upset family stability and inhibit client adjustment and rehabilitation. The family must be viewed as a vital support system for the client, and their impact on rehabilitation should be evaluated. When it is necessary, counselors must design ways to intervene with the family. Family adjustment and treatment are rehabilitation issues, and they deserve consideration in the rehabilitation process.
Self-Starting in the Job Market: The Continuing Need for Job Seeking Skills Training in Rehabilitation
Authors: Roessler Richard T.
Published: June 2019

Job seeking skills training is a critical rehabilitation service for individuals capable of independently locating work. Unfortunately too few clients receive this training. As a result, many lack the skills needed to reenter the labor market on their own initiative. After discussing essential components of job seeking skills training programs, this article presents two training programs currently being demonstrated in rehabilitation settings.
Quality of Life Measurement of Persons with Back Problems: Some Preliminary Findings
Authors: Chubon Robert A.
Published: June 2019

Persons with back problems comprise one of the largest disability populations. This disability is one of the most difficult and challenging with which rehabilitation counselors must deal. Significantgaps exist with regard to understanding the complexities of the problem, making treatment even more difficult. In part, these deficiencies can be attributed to the lack of a comprehensive measurement approach for use with the population. The Life Situation Survey was developed for such a purpose, and an initial application sheds light on the impact of back problems. Scores reflecting perceived satisfaction of life quality obtained from a group of persons with chronic back problems were significantly lower than those of graduate level college students and were similar to those of prison inmates.
Purpose in Life Among Spinal Cord Injured Males
Authors: Schultz Ronald C.
Published: June 2019

This study examines the relationship between spinal cord injury (SCI) and purpose in life as measured by the Purpose in Life Test (PIL). Fifty-four males were involved in the study: 15 SCI university students, 19 nondisabled university students, and 20 SCI nonstudents. Comparisons between groups were generally nonsignificant, but lower PIL scores were found for paraplegic individuals. In addition, religious conviction was found to be significantly related to purpose in life scores for SCI persons.
Jobs Obtained by Spinal Cord Injured Rehabilitants: Implications For Job Placement Practices
Authors: Shaw Linda R. , McMahon Brian T.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this article is to analyze the jobs obtained by a large sample of spinal cord injured rehabilitants, relate thesefindings to earlier literature on vocational issues, and generate a list of useful suggestions for rehabilitation counselors involved with job placement for this special population.
The Bioenergetic Approach to Rehabilitation Counseling
Authors: Coven Arnold B.
Published: June 2019

The current focus on assisting the severely disabled confronts rehabilitation counselors with the demand of being more effective behavioral change agents. This article suggests that counselors try out Bioenergetics, a mindbody counseling approach. An overview of Bioenergetics theory is presented with examples of how it can be applied to the impaired. Guidelines for using Bioenergetic techniques are identified along with the necessary precautions.
Trait-Factor Approach To Counseling: Revisited And Reapplied
Authors: Schmitt Patricia , Growick Bruce
Published: June 2019

This article examines the origins, uses and limitations of a trait-factor approach to rehabilitation counseling. Recommendations for modification and expansion of this theoretical base are presented.
A Conceptual Approach to Job Placement with Psychiatric And Mentally Retarded Clients
Authors: Lustig Paul , Lam Chow , Leahy Michael
Published: June 2019

Critical to the success of job placement is the need to carefully examine the unique qualities of the position prior to placement attempts. With this in mind, a conceptual approach to job placement will be presented which focuses on meeting the individual's needs by systematically examining the position in relation to both its expressive and receptive qualities, and the identified needs of the individual job seeker. This conceptualization, although generally applicable to all disability groups, is absolutely essential for certain individuals whose primary disabilities are categorized as psychiatric or mental retardation in nature. In addition, a conceptual structure of a position and its relationship to subscales of the Minnesota Importance Questionnaire (MIQ) will be presented. Finally, implications for rehabilitation practice and recommendations for job placement are discussed.
Facilitating Learning Disabled Adolescents' Successful Transition from School to Work
Authors: Drake Gregory A. , Witten Barbara J.
Published: June 2019

Recent federal regulations have focused attention on the learning disabled (LD) as the major disability group requiring rehabilitation services during the transition from school to work. In this article, a review of the need for increased linkages between the public schools and state vocational rehabilitation for LD individuals is documented. Some models for increasing cooperation between special educators and rehabilitation counselors also are presented. The importance of functional language arts and math content in school are discussed as a means of meeting the unique needs of learning disabled individuals as they progress from school to work.
Understanding the Influence of Family Systems on the Rehabilitation Process
Authors: Cottone R. Rocco , Handelsman Mitchell M. , Walters Nancy
Published: June 2019

This article briefly describes family social systems theory. Basic systemic terms and tenets are defined. Systemic tenets are then used to interpret the influence of family systems on the rehabilitation process. The implications of a systems perspective of family influence on the rehabilitation process are discussed. It is concluded that rehabilitation counselors would benefit from a basic understanding of family social systems theory.
A Unified Approach to Existing Models of Adaptation to Disability
Authors: Livneh Hanoch
Published: June 2019

Following a review of existing stage models of psychosocial adaptation to physical disability (Part I), the present section (Part II) delineates a variety of intervention strategies for each discussed stage. Utilization of these strategies by the rehabilitation practitioner, for assisting the person with a disability who progresses through these stages, is suggested.
Disability Management Among Private and Public Employers: Models and Strategies for Rehabilitation Intervention
Authors: Shrey Donald E. , Mitchell D. Kenneth
Published: June 2019

This article provides an overview of the personal and economic costs of injury and disability among private and public sector employers. Issues related to the consequences of an aging work force in America are highlighted, particularly with respect to deteriorating physical conditions often associated with the aging process. Barriers to the disability management process are described, including the problems associated with competing self-interests among employers, rehabilitation professionals, insurance carriers, the medical profession and attorneys. The authors describe the systematic process of disability management, which is designed to provide employers with direct control and responsibility over the coordination and management of industrial injury and disability. The article also describes three disability management research and demonstration programs currently being conducted by the International Center for Industry, Labor and Rehabilitation.
Disability Management: A Longstanding Trade Union Mission with Some New Initiatives
Authors: Akabas Sheila H.
Published: June 2019

Disability management, because it involves persons already in the workplace, may be the aspect of rehabilitation closest to the interests and concerns of the labor movement. Unions have a long history of involvement in rehabilitation and disability management. This article describes that history, and a current initiative, and concludes that for the 14% of the labor force belonging to trade unions, the union is an important actor, and may even hold the key, to return to work following the onset of disability.
Prediction of Starting Weekly Salaries of Rehabilitated Severely Disabled Women
Authors: Johnson Suzanne , Rubin Stanford E.
Published: June 2019

The relationship of race, age, marital status, years of education, number of months the case has been open, and number of services with starting weekly salary of severely physically disabled female rehabilitants was examined via forward stepwise multiple regression analyses. Years of education and number of months the case had been open were positively correlated with salary for visually impaired women and for the total sample. Years of education alone provided the best prediction model for salary among orthopedically impaired women.
Marketing Rehabilitation Counselor Education Programs
Authors: Goodwin Lloyd R.
Published: June 2019

This article offers a practical guide for rehabilitation counselor educators for marketing rehabilitation counselor education programs in order to attract the highest caliber students possible and to further promote the profession of rehabilitation counseling. Six marketing goals for rehabilitation counselor educators are described: (a) student recruitment, (b) quality education, (c) internships in diverse settings, (d) expand career options for rehabilitation counselors, (e) follow-up with graduates, and (f) program visibility. Numerous marketing strategies are described to achieve these six goals. Also, this article is helpful as an orientation (survival) manual for beginning rehabilitation counseling faculty so they better understand some of the typical expectations of their jobs.
Some Suggested Counseling Techniques in Moving Toward Placement for Persons with Mental Retardation
Authors: Williamson W. Windell , Byrd E. Keith
Published: June 2019

An approach to counseling persons with mental retardation is discussed within the context of theoretical approaches that lend themselves to group work within a rehabilitation setting. The authors discuss an approach that has been used in a rehabilitation center in the southeast. Person-centered and Reality Therapy techniques are merged so that relationships can be sufficiently established and so that the client can learn self responsibility relative to seeking and maintaining employment.
A Conceptual Model for Counseling Adult Mentally Retarded Persons
Authors: Jageman Larry W. , Myers Jane E.
Published: June 2019

Adult persons with mental retardation have the same basic needs as other persons. They have the potential to benefit from counseling intervention if the counselor: (a) considers the basic needs, limitations, and assets these persons bring to the counseling interaction; and (b) selects an appropriate counseling method. A conceptual model for providing counseling services to adult mentally retarded persons is presented and described.
Retention of Counseling Skills in the Private and Public Sectors
Authors: DuMars Roger C. , Tillinghast B.S. , Gilley William F.
Published: June 2019

Controversy exists within the field of rehabilitation counseling regarding the relative merits of public versus private forms of rehabilitation delivery systems. Although several writers have speculated that differences exist in the quality of service provided, few have offered experimental data to support their suspicions. This study tests the hypotheses that there is no difference in the ability of a group of public and a group of private rehabilitation counselors to communicate facilitative counseling skills. Thirteen private and nineteen public rehabilitation counselors were tested at completion of practicum and retested an average of 9 years later on the Truax and Carkhuff facilitative counseling scales. Statistical analysis indicated that the counselors in the private sector were able to communicate significantly higher facilitative counseling skills at retest than were public sector rehabilitation counselors. Implications for the profession and suggestions for further research are discussed.
Limited and Unlimited Workers' Compensation Wage Replacement Benefits and Rehabilitation Outcome
Authors: LaForge Jan , Harrison Don K.
Published: June 2019

This study examined the relationship between the type of Workers' Compensation wage-replacement benefits—time limited and time unlimited—and rehabilitation outcome for 2077 persons who were identified as occupationally disabled in the state/federal rehabilitation program. Clients who received time limited Workers' Compensation benefits (N= 791) returned to work sooner and had a higher rehabilitation success rate than clients who received time unlimited benefits (N = 1286).
An Empirical Evaluation of the Effects of Peer Counseling Training on a Sample of Vocational Rehabilitation Facility Clients
Authors: Akridge Robert L. , Farley Roy C. , Rice B. Douglas
Published: June 2019

A pre-test, post-test, experimental design was used to evaluate the effects of peer counseling training with two samples of rehabilitation facility clients (N = 59). The following results were achieved with both samples, using different trainers: (1) both groups demonstrated improved basic helping skills as measured by the Communication and Discrimination Test (Carkhuff, 1976) and evaluated the training experience very positively; (2) neither group showed consistent improvement on a self-report measure of empathy, assertion, and decision making; and (3) neither group was rated significantly more assertive by their vocational training instructor.
Influential Publications and Authors in Contemporary Rehabilitation Counseling Literature
Authors: Elliott Timothy R. , Byrd E. Keith , Nichols Raeona K.
Published: June 2019

Frequency counts were made by author from the reference sections of articles published in Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin (Volumes 25-27) and Journal oj Applied Rehabilitation Counseling (Volumes 13-15). Several influential publications and authors in current rehabilitation counseling research were identified.
A Code of Ethics as a Working Document
Authors: Pape Deborah A.
Published: June 2019

This article discusses the concept of the published Code of Ethics being viewed as a “working document.” It highlights various issues that must be addressed in regards to further code refinement and professionalism.
From the Book of Genesis to the Ten Commandments: Ethical and Moral Renewal in Rehabilitation Counseling
Authors: Cottone R. Rocco
Published: June 2019

Recommendations are made regarding an ethical future for rehabilitation, counseling.
Enhancement of the Work Personality: A Transition Priority
Authors: Roessler Richard T. , Johnson Virginia Anne , Schriner Kay Fletcher
Published: June 2019

Traditional educational programs have not resulted in vocational sophistication and employment success for disabled youth. For this reason, rehabilitation professionals must contribute to school programming designed to enhance the student's work personality. This article describes a series of employability assessment and intervention packages recently developed by the Arkansas Research and Training Center in Vocational Rehabilitation. Counselors can incorporate the employability products into transitional services in order to increase student social, vocational problem-solving and decision-making, on-the-job coping, and job seeking skills.
Group Counseling with Persons Who are Mentally Retarded on Work-Related Behaviors
Authors: Humes Charles W. , Suggs Marilyn M.
Published: June 2019

Effects of group counseling with persons who are mentally retarded on work-related behaviors were examined using items selected from the AAMD Adaptive Behavior Scale (ABS) and behavioral observations. Participants were mentally retarded adults who were living in group homes and were employed. Counseling was conducted over a 14-week period with positive changes found in selected domains of the ABS and other observed behavioral changes.
A Replicable Program for Teaching Job Interview Skills To Recovering Substance Abusers
Authors: Beale Andrew V.
Published: June 2019

Based upon current research findings, this article describes a small group approach to teaching job interview skills to recovering alcoholics and drug abusers. Recovering substance abusers need help in making the transition from treatment to employment. This article presents one way rehabilitation can help satisfy this need.
Employer Perspectives on Employer-Rehabilitation Partnerships
Authors: Greenwood Reed , Johnson Virginia Anne , Schriner Kay Fletcher
Published: June 2019

Programmatic initiatives have been undertaken to develop partnerships between employers and rehabilitation organizations. Potential areas for collaboration involve recruitment and selection, accommodation and accessibility, incentives, and the return to work of employees with mid-career disability onset. This article presents the results of a study of employers regarding their concerns about workers with disabilities and their interest in partnerships with rehabilitation agencies.
The Future of Rehabilitation In the Workplace: Drug Abuse, AIDS & Disability Management
Authors: Backer Thomas E.
Published: June 2019

Workplace-based rehabilitation services are developing in three new priority areas: drug abuse, AIDS and disability management. To realize both clinical and consulting opportunities in these three areas, rehabilitation professionals must redefine their roles in the workplace, educate themselves about the issues, and plan creatively for how the unique practices and viewpoint of rehabilitation can best be used to meet these societal challenges.
Rehabilitation Goals: Their Hierarchical and Multifaceted Nature
Authors: Livneh Hanoch
Published: June 2019

This paper presents a hierarchical approach to the ordering and classification of rehabilitation goals. The ultimate goal of rehabilitation, namely, improvement in quality of life is progressively reduced to smaller goals by utilizing a multifaceted perspective. Included in this perspective are: (1) the contexts, or environments, within which rehabilitation takes place, (2) the activity levels or systems defining human performance, and (3) the adjustment or functional levels achieved. Based on the above classification, a matrix of rehabilitation goals is suggested. Twelve sets of goals are described, followed by a brief list of representative examples of each goal. Finally, rehabilitation goals are discussed at their most elementary level. At this point the goals assume the form of behaviorally-anchored, individually-targeted, situationally-specific and numerically-assessed objectives.
Language and Thought in Supervision
Authors: Buxbaum Joan
Published: June 2019

Clarity and completeness of communication are keys to effective rehabilitation counseling. From counselor to client, written record to community agencies, counselor-educator to student-counselor, crucial individual and cross-cultural linguistic misunderstandings often need to be overcome. Of prime concern in the education of rehabilitation counselors is the cultivation of precise thinking and the ability to elicit accurate, helpful and complete information.
Provision of Vocational Rehabilitation Services to Blind and Visually Impaired Hispanics: The Case of New Jersey
Authors: Santiago Anne M.
Published: June 2019

The present study examines the participation of blind and visually impaired Hispanics in vocational rehabilitation programs in New Jersey. An analysis of data from 1985 to 1987 reveals that visually impaired Hispanics have lower than expected levels of participation in vocational rehabilitation programs. Furthermore, very few Hispanic clients are being closed as rehabilitated. When Hispanics were successfully rehabilitated, 57 percent became wage earners.
Counseling Chinese Americans with Disabilities
Authors: Chan Fong , Lam Chow S. , Wong Daniel , Leung Paul , Fang Xue-Shen
Published: June 2019

For rehabilitation counselors to be effective in counseling Americans of Chinese descent with disability, counselors must have some understanding of cultural variables that have impact on Chinese Americans. Rehabilitation counselors need to be sensitive to the differential counseling needs and expectations of Chinese Americans. A brief overview of the cultural variables affecting Chinese Americans is discussed in relationship to counseling issues that may affect rehabilitation counseling outcome.
Navajos' Commitment Benefits Individuals with Disabilities
Authors: Guy Elmer J.
Published: June 2019

The Navajo Vocational Rehabilitation Program was the first vocational rehabilitation program to be operated by a tribe, specifically the Navajo Tribe. The development of the program and its response to Indian people with disabilities are described herein. The NVRP's efforts in coordinating with tribal, state, and federal programs are discussed.
An Asset-Oriented Approach to Cross-Cultural Issues: Blacks in Rehabilitation
Authors: Atkins Bobbie J.
Published: June 2019

More than twenty years ago the 1965 Vocational Rehabilitation Act expanded rehabilitation to include persons with disabilities stemming from their cultural and social status. Yet, current appraisals of rehabilitation and Blacks who are disabled (BWO) reflect a bleak predicament. In spite of activities directed toward assisting rehabilitation professionals to become more effective with BWO, Blacks remain one of the least understood/accepted groups. Too much of what is assumed to be facts about BWO is predicated on a deficiency-oriented philosophy. Consequently, the author provides research-based approaches and recommendations focused on asset-oriented foundations to assist rehabilitationists in becoming more effective as counselors and cross-cultural advocates.
The Power Struggle of Workers' Compensation - Strategies for Intervention
Authors: Brink Nicholas E.
Published: June 2019

Workers' compensation clients frequently experience more pain than other similarly injured individuals. Moving ones attention away from pain increases the ability to control pain. Feelings of threat may prevent such distraction from pain. When the employer or insurance agent accuses the workers' compensation client of malingering, the feelings of threat intensify the pain. To overcome such a power struggle and to access techniques to deal with pain, the client needs to accept the disability and then find a life style to maximize effectiveness. Such changes can be facilitated through metaphor and imagery.
Psycho-Social Aspects of Breast Cancer
Authors: Ingram Michael A.
Published: June 2019

Because of the high Incidence, and the possible resulting vocational disability it is very likely that rehabilitation counselors, particularly those employed in medical settings and the state, federal system, will work with women who have breast cancer and are eligible for services. Cancer of the breast may have significant impact on the emotional and psychological constructs of the individual, as it affects not only the patient, but her family as well and may interfere with, and disrupt the organization of the family, social, financial, education, vocational goals, and indeed the very definition of the family unit. Suggestions are made for some counseling techniques which may be used in dealing with these problems.
Alcoholism: A Womens' Issue, A Disability Issue
Authors: Kress Manuela K.
Published: June 2019

Alcoholism has traditionally been approached in research and practice from a males perspective in the treatment and study of non-disabled males. During the past ten years a body of literature has been emerging which addresses the effects alcohol has on women and the special needs of women who are alcoholics. This paper addresses these differences and the special needs of women alcoholics. It also addresses the topic of alcoholism as a second disability. Several similarities exist between women alcoholics and the individual with a disability who abuses alcohol. These similarities are outlined and policy and programmatic recommendations are made.
Supported Employment and Deaf People: Current Practices and Emerging Issues
Authors: Danek Marita M. , Seay Penny Crews , Collier Michael L.
Published: June 2019

Deaf youth and adults have unique needs. As a result they experience considerable barriers in attaining access to meaningful employment and independent functioning in the community. Current habilitation and rehabilitation initiatives have enhanced opportunities and options for all people with disabilities. However, some of these initiatives work at cross purposes for deaf persons, particularly the lower achieving deaf person. Special concerns related to the employment of deaf people are overviewed in this article. Transition issues for deaf youth are reviewed, a model for supported employment assessment and intervention is provided, and recommendations are made for system-wide changes.
Using the Stanford Achievement Test with an Adult Offender Population: Scale Limitations
Authors: Dean Douglas G. , Neuman Robert J.
Published: June 2019

Counselors in a correctional setting must be certain to utilize assessment tests that present an accurate picture of the individual's potential. At least one state corrections system has used the Stanford Achievement Test (SAT; Psychological Corporation, 1983) to make vocational and academic program recommendations. Use of this test became suspect when it was noted that a substantial proportion of men scored at an uncharacteristically high, post high school (PHS) grade level. Using a sample of 580 newly admitted inmates, the SAT Reading and Mathematics Application forms were examined to reveal profound ceiling effects. A suspiciously strong relationship between reading and math raw scores was also reported. A second study (N = 172) confirmed these relationships and found that, controlling for reading level, reported math scores differ as a function of the math booklet being used (i.e., Application or Computation). When PHS scores were removed, these relationships remained. Where local norms are unavailable for a low reading level population, SAT Mathematics Comprehension booklets should be used for vocational counseling purposes. Clients scoring at or above the 10th grade reading level should be tested further with an upper-level achievement test before recommending vocational or college placement.
The Vocational Rehabilitation of Substance Abusers
Authors: Deren Sherry , Randell Joan
Published: June 2019

This article discusses the need for increasing the utilization of vocational rehabilitation services in the treatment and rehabilitation of substance abusers. Vocational rehabilitation is also important in other similar treatment systems that do not have delivery of vocational services as their primary mission (e.g., alcohol treatment programs, criminal justice programs). Obstacles to the utilization of vocational services by treatment programs are summarized.
Increasing Utilization of Vocational Services in Methadone Maintenance Treatment Programs: Results of a One-Year Intervention
Authors: Arella Lorinda R. , Deren Sherry , Randell Joan , Brewington Vincent
Published: June 2019

Interventions were designed to increase utilization ofvocational services and client vocational/educational status in methadone treatment programs. The impact of two variables was assessed: (a) compensating programs for Medicaid reimbursement losses associated with client vocational progress (MC), and (b) placement of a vocational specialist whose role was to facilitate clinic integration of vocational services with other program goals, resources, and policies (VI). The study was conducted in four methadone maintenance treatment programs located in New York City. Conclusions were that: (a) involvement in the study itself can cause a significant increase in V/E activity, (b) the VI factor alone was related to higher rates of V/E referral, while the MC factor alone was associated with decrease in both V/E activity and status, and (c) given the high degree of V/E status stability and the inverse relationship of V/E status to continued drug use and Medicaid dependence, the greatest V/E status gains are likely to occur where both issues are addressed.
Cocaine: A Primer for Rehabilitation Counselors
Authors: Benshoff John J. , Riggar T.F.
Published: June 2019

Details of the pharmacology, and physical/psychological consequences of cocaine use are presented. The rehabilitation of cocaine addicts is examined through outpatient and inpatient therapy. Basic guidelines for rehabilitation counselors working with cocaine addicts are provided.
Strengthening the Workers' Compensation System by Increasing Client Efficacy
Authors: Mitchell Lynda K. , Brodwin Martin G. , Benoit Robert B.
Published: June 2019

Self-efficacy theory is concerned with the personal self-judgments which influence the environments that persons choose, the activities in which they engage, and the effort and persistence they demonstrate at a task in the face of obstacles. This article describes self-efficacy theory in detail and discusses its potential application to vocational rehabilitation within the Workers' Compensation system.
Multimodal Rehabilitation Counseling
Authors: Weed Roger O. , Hernandez Ana M.
Published: June 2019

In an effort to broaden his therapeutic approach, Arnold Lazarus developed multimodal therapy to provide a range of systematic intervention strategies for meeting the multiple level needs of clients seeking help. This article describes Dr. Lazarus's technically eclectic, behavior-based therapy, known as BASIC I.D., and its applications in rehabilitation. The BASIC I.D. process encompasses individual areas of behavior, affect, sensation, imagery, cognition, interpersonal relationships, and drugs/biology. As such, it is seen as a national addition to comprehensive rehabilitation efforts that must take into account a number of factors, many of which are included in the BASIC I.D. therapeutic approach. An example BASIC I.D. profile is included.
Adjustment to Psychiatric Disability
Authors: Nemec Patricia B. , Taylor Judith A.
Published: June 2019

The rehabilitation literature speaks eloquently of the stages of adjustment to disability for individuals with physical disability, but discussions in the literature about adjustment to psychiatric disability are virtually non-existent. The parallels in the fields of physical and psychiatric disability, and the newly accepted emphasis on rehabilitation of people with psychiatric disabilities, suggest that the psychology of adjustment to disability needs to be broadened to include an application to the field of psychiatric rehabilitation.
Alcohol and Drug Abuse: A Content Analysis of the Rehabilitation literature
Authors: Benshoff John J. , Janikowski Timothy P. , Taricone Patrick F. , Brenner Jerald S.
Published: June 2019

The major rehabilitation journals were examined from 1978 through 1988 to determine the prevalence and content of articles related to alcohol and drug abuse. Of the 1,743 articles examined, 20 were identified that addressed alcohol and drug issues, primarily in traditional vocational rehabilitation counseling areas. Implications and suggestions for expansion of the rehabilitation literature base in alcohol and drug abuse are discussed.