bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Level of omentin in chronic inflammatory rheumative diseases
Authors: Spitsina Svetlana S. , Yemtsova Yulia M. , Trofimenko Andrey S. , Mozgovaya Elena E. , Bedina Svetlana A.
Published: August 2024

At the moment, a number of studies have been carried out that have proven that omentin has a sensitizing effect on insulin, has anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic effects. Plasma levels of omentin are known to be significantly reduced in obese patients with insulin resistance. Decreased levels of omentin have also been reported to be associated with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including atherosclerosis and psoriasis.
The article presents research data that allow to identify changes in the level of omentin in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases, as well as to suggest its effect on the risk of development and course of cardiovascular complications.
Pengaruh Keyakinan Epistemologi dan Efikasi Diri terhadap Kecemasan dalam Menulis Jurnal Ilmiah: Analisa Structural Equation Modelling [The Influence of Epistemological Beliefs and Self-Efficacy on Anxiety in Writing Scientific Journals: Structural Equation Modeling Analysis]
Authors: Halim Andrea , Supit Geraldine Maria T. , Raharja I Made Samuel , Ramadhan Sukma
Published: August 2024

In an academic setting, students are often required to write scientific journals as part of their curriculum. However, a common phenomenon is the anxiety experienced by most students when writing scientific journals. To understand the dynamics behind this, the purpose of this study was to focus on two main variables: Epistemological Beliefs and Self-Efficacy, as well as how these two variables affect Anxiety in writing scientific journals. Data was collected from 54 students of Universitas Pelita Harapan batches 49 and 50 through a specially designed questionnaire. After the data was collected, the Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Square analysis was carried out with the help of SmartPLS software to understand the relationship between variables. The results of the analysis confirmed that Epistemological Beliefs do have a positive influence on students' Self-Efficacy. Furthermore, both variables, Epistemological Beliefs and Self-Efficacy, showed a negative influence on Anxiety in writing scientific journals. Therefore, it is concluded that this finding provides important insights for educators and educational institutions about the importance of strengthening students' Epistemological Beliefs and Self-Efficacy to ensure they are more confident and reduce anxiety in writing scientific journals.
A hazai közlekedés- és szállításstatisztika történeti áttekintése – I. rész
Authors: Máténé Bella Klaudia , Lovászné Skach Edit
Published: August 2024

Tanulmányunk hiánypótló szándékkal készült, ugyanis egyrészről szeretnénk bemutatni, hogyan fejlődött hazánkban az elmúlt száz évben a közlekedés- és szállításstatisztika, milyen folyamatos változások és kihívások érték ezt a területet, másrészről pedig ismertetjük, miként alakult az áru- és személyszállítás egyes módozatainak, valamint a postai szolgáltatásnak a megfigyelése, az adatgyűjtések módszertana. Az elmúlt évtizedekben maga az elnevezés is többször módosult, hosszú évtizedekig „közlekedésstatisztika”-ként emlegették a statisztikai évkönyvekben, csak 1970-től kezdték használni a „szállításstatisztika” kifejezést. A technikai fejlődés jelentősen befolyásolta a szállítás-statisztika megfigyelési körének bővülését, úgyhogy kijelenthetjük, hogy az új jelenségeket a hivatalos statisztika mindig is igyekezett nyomon követni és azokról időben tájékoztatást nyújtani.
Rastreio do Cancro do Pulmão em Portugal: Um Projeto Piloto da PULMONALE
Authors: Estevinho Fernanda , Parente Bárbara , Barata Fernando , Magalhães Isabel , França Manuela , Fidalgo Paula , Santos Paulo , Hespanhol Venceslau , Araújo António
Published: August 2024

N/a.
Exploring Corbières red wine typicity: evaluation of the impact of winemaking processes on the chemical composition and organoleptic properties of wines from different terroirs
Authors: Argentero Alice , Caillé Soline , Engenheiro Floriano Joaquim , Fontez Bénédicte , Rigou Peggy , Mouls Laetitia
Published: August 2024

Aromatic and polyphenolic compounds play an important role in the quality of red wines, contributing not only to flavour, but also to colour, astringency and bitterness. To explore the influence of climate and oenological practices on the chemical and sensory profile of wines, red blends from five terroirs of the Corbières appellation were analysed, taking into account two production years (2018 and 2019). The wines were a blend of at least two of four main grape varieties: Syrah, Grenache, Carignan and Mourvèdre. Volatile compounds were evaluated by HS-SPME-GC-MS, while wine pigments and derived pigments were evaluated by spectrophotometric measurements. In addition, the wines were compared using a quantitative descriptive analysis sensory profile method. The percentage of the blend significantly influenced the polyphenolic and aromatic characteristics of the wines, showing distinct 'typicity' characteristics between sub-regions. Maceration techniques, on the other hand, did not did not allow us to discriminate between sub-regions, but enabled a better understanding of chemical and sensory differences between samples.
Evaluasi Usability dan Redesign Website SMA Negeri 1 Purwokerto Menggunakan Metode User Centered Design
Authors: Al Hasan Lizamuddin , Septiadi Abednego Dwi
Published: August 2024

Perkembangan teknologi pada saat ini berubah menjadi kebutuhan vital bagi kehidupan manusia. Perkembangan teknologi telah merangkap ke berbagai aspek kehidupan, seperti aspek komunikasi dan informasi. Bebarengan dengan berkembanganya teknologi, website juga semakin berkembang pesat. Perkembangan website dimanfaatkan dengan baik personal indivdu ataupun satuan lembaga. Salah satu lembaga yang memanfaatkan perkembangan website adalah lembaga pendidikan, salah satunya SMA Negeri 1 Purwokerto, yang memanfaatkan website sebagai media penyebaran informasi akademik. Namun dalam penerapannya, website tersebut masih belum optimal dan belum pernah dilakukan uji usability sebelumnya dan tampilan pada website tersebut perlu untuk ditingkatkan agar lebih menarik. Pada penelitian kali ini akan dilaksanakan pengujian usabilitiy memakai metode System Usabillity Scale dengan tujuan mengukur tingkat kemudahan pengguna dalam memakai website tersebut dan redesign tampilan website menggunnakan metode User-Centered Design. Output dari penelitian ini berupa nilai usability pada website SMA Negeri 1 Purwokerto dan rekomendasi desain tampilan website. Hasil dari evaluasi usability website SMA Negeri 1 Purwokerto yaitu 61,8. Kemudian dari hasil tersebut dilakukan perancangan ulang menggunakan metode UCD dan melalui tahap iterasi untuk mendapatkan desain yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna. Setelah mendapatkan desain yang sesuai, desain tersebut kemudian dievaluasi lagi menggunakan metode SUS dan mendapatkan skor 74,6 yang menunjukan website ini berada dalam kategori “acceptable” dalam acceptability ranges, dalam grade scale berkategori “C”, dan dalam adjective rating mendapatkan nilai “good”.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Infromasi Tracer Study Berbasis Website Menggunakan Metode SCRUM (Studi Kasus: Institut Tekologi Telkom Purwokerto)
Authors: Wijaya Reza Irfan , Usman Muhammad Lulu Latif , Wibowo Fahrudin Mukti , Gustalika Muhamad Azrino
Published: August 2024

Tracer Study merupakan kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh lembaga pendidikan untuk menggumpulkan data alumni yang pada umumnya dilakukan setiap satu sampai tiga tahun sekali dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui profil kerja alumni sehingga didapatkan kesesuaian ilmu yang diperoleh di perguruan tinggi dengan dunia kerja yang digunakan sebagai evaluasi kurikulum dan prestasi perguruan tinggi. Institut Teknologi Telkom Purwokerto telah melakukan kegiatan tracer study namun media yang digunakan masih berupa google form dan report dari hasil pendataan dan pelacakan masih berupa file excel maupun pdf yang belum dilengkapi dengan demografi sehingga sulit untuk dipahami dan tidak begitu informatif. Tak hanya itu penyimpanan data hasil tracer study masih dalam bentuk file excel sehingga sangat rentan terhapus dan sulit untuk membuat report data yang dinamis dan real time. Oleh karena itu untuk mengatasi kendala yang terjadi, Institut Teknologi Telkom Purwokerto membutuhkan sebuah sistem informasi yang dapat membantu kegiatan tracer study menjadi lebih dinamis dengan menggunakan website. Sistem informasi ini dibangun menggunakan metode scrum dengan bahasa pemrograman golang dan javascript serta library reactjs dan framework gin. Pengujian yang dilakukan pada sistem menggunakan metode blackbox testing dengan hasil diperoleh validasi sebesar 100% yang menandakan bahwa sistem telah lolos semua skenario.
Rancang Bangun E-Course Berbasis Website Menggunakan Metode Prototype Dengan Laravel 10
Authors: Mu’minin Saeful , Fahlevi Mohammad Reza
Published: August 2024

Ditengah kemajuan teknologi saat ini telah mengubah pandangan tentang konsep pembelajaran diseluruh institusi pendidikan secara signifikan tidak hanya di Indonesia, bahkan dunia. Hal ini dialami pula oleh Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia (UNUSIA). Kegiatan belajar yang selama ini dilakukan dengan metode hybrid, yang menggabungkan komponen online dan offline harus dilakukan penambahan konsep pembelajaran yakni dengan menggunakan pembelajaran media elektronik atau e-learning Tujuannya adalah untuk membantu mahasiswa dalam memperdalam pemahaman mereka terhadap materi pembelajaran tanpa terikat oleh batasan waktu, kurikulum, atau kendala geografis. E-learning atau pembelajaran elektronik dengan sistem e-course menjadi solusi penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas dan pengalaman belajar. Sistem e-course untuk menyampaikan materi pembelajaran yang lebih spesifik dan terfokus pada suatu bidang atau keterampilan tertentu. Oleh karena itu, dibangunlah sebuah sistem e-course menggunakan framework Laravel dengan pendekatan pengembangan sistem prototype . Model prototipe adalah suatu metode pengembangan sistem yang secara langsung memasukkan hasil analisis suatu bagian dari suatu sistem ke dalam suatu model tanpa menunggu keseluruhan sistem selesai. Metode prototype mempercepat proses perancangan sistem e-course. Penelitian ini menghasilkan sistem e-course yang memungkinkan akses fleksibel terhadap materi pembelajaran, pengaturan waktu belajar yang sesuai kebutuhan, serta mengatasi hambatan geografis dan keterbatasan waktu melalui sebuah platform website.
Optimizing Gas-Flaring Solutions: Enabling Enhanced Oil Recovery and Power Generation
Authors: Gracian L. A. , Arguello I. M. , Diyashev I. R.
Published: August 2024

Produced gas is currently being flared into the atmosphere due to the lack of infrastructure to transport and sell the gas. We can re-inject this gas back into the formation, increasing the reservoir pressure and making the oil lighter thus enabling enhanced oil recovery. Additionally, the gas can be used to generate electricity during the highest energy demand times of the year to help stabilize grid usage. Prices would be monitored using real-time data provided by ERCOT to allow for rapid responses to changes in demand. There is a threefold benefit to this process: enhanced oil recovery, electricity generation, and a reduction in flared gas.

Following prior work in the Wolfcamp formation (SPE 213002), we looked at four additional unconventional formations in Texas: Spraberry, Bone Spring, Austin Chalk, and Eagle Ford. Each formation had reservoir properties taken from published SPE literature to build a single well simulation model. Each model was tested using a cyclic gas injection schedule. The schedule consisted of three months producing, two months injecting, and one month of soaking. Three different gas injection rates were used to compare the additional incremental oil production for each case. The cases simulated were 1.5 MMscf/D, 3 MMscf/D, and 5 MMscf/D.

Multiple economic evaluations were run to estimate the potential cashflow of the project in each formation. Assuming a gas engine with generator package costs $0.5 million, compressor $2 million, and a gearbox $0.3 million. The total cost of the project would be approximately $2.8 million. Assuming the current oil and gas prices of $80 and $2.75 respectively we estimate a return on investment of 2-3 years with additional oil production ranging from 30-80% based on the specific reservoir formation.
Water Sourcing Reliability, Cost, and Circularity for Low Carbon Hydrogen Development
Authors: Bae R. , Basu S. , Gallego P. R. , Lucas L.
Published: August 2024

Clean hydrogen will require significant volumes of water given the high production targets in certain geographic locations, regardless of generation pathway, i.e., from an electrolyzer or natural gas-based process with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS). Therefore, reliable water sourcing related to the planned infrastructure's location is a critical input that needs to be considered in the early project planning stages. This paper will review the potential sources of water and costs associated with incorporating them within the hydrogen supply chain and will explore the respective attributes of alternatives.

Water demand will vary between different hydrogen production methods, site locations, and project specific facility designs. Furthermore, the cost of water will vary as well depending on the source water's respective quality, facilities, water conveyance, treatment, and waste disposal requirements.

For the energy industry, water for hydrogen production has become as important as natural gas for its processes and as important as crude oil has been for its refineries. Project viability depends on the long-term reliable access to the selected water source, forcing project siting to be a critical project consideration.

Additionally, water treatment processes vary according to the source's base purity and contaminants. Subsequently, these processes create waste streams with concentrated impurities, which may have to be mitigated prior to disposal.

We will provide the readers with awareness of the issues related to water sourcing options and considerations, conveyance, and rough order of magnitude (ROM) costs for water infrastructure, including treatment. The clarification of costs associated with different water sources used for hydrogen generation will allow project developers to make more informed decisions. Water sourcing should be a topic at the forefront of planning stages related to hydrogen production. The authors for this paper wish to provide a better understanding of costs related to different options.

Additionally, the implementation of circularity will be analyzed by considering recycled wastewater as the water source for a hydrogen plant. This could reduce the regional disparity in clean energy production and lessen the burden on fresh water supplies.
Accelerated Calibration and CO2 Plume Tracking at the Illinois Basin Decatur Project: A Dynamic Mode Decomposition and Data Assimilation Approach
Authors: James Omeke , Alokla Kassem , Voulanas Dimitrios , Gildin Eduardo
Published: August 2024

Addressing climate change through carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies necessitates advanced computational methodologies for subsurface CO2 storage monitoring. This study focuses on the Illinois Basin Decatur Project (IBDP), a CCS demonstration pilot aimed at CO2 injection into a deep saline reservoir. We introduce a novel framework combining Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD), a data-driven model reduction technique, with direct data assimilation to streamline the calibration of CO2 plume evolution models. This approach enhances rapid tracking and overcomes the computational challenges of traditional high-fidelity numerical reservoir simulations known as the full-order model (FOM).

Using DMD, we analyzed five distinct FOM simulation cases of the IBDP with varied permeability in the Mt. Simon section to develop reduced-order models (ROMs). These ROMs utilize three state variables: reservoir pressure, CO2 plume saturation, and bottom-hole pressure (BHP) from a CO2 injection well alongside multi-level pressures from a monitoring well derived from the FOM and the actual field data respectively. Initial FOM simulation cases assessed the impact of permeability multipliers on pressure responses. We then transformed these into ROMs using DMD, preserving essential dynamics. Linear interpolation between permeabilities and DMD outputs—modes and eigenvalues—established relationships for rapid BHP prediction under different scenarios. Employing a Kalman filter, we optimized a global permeability multiplier, using the ROMs, to align measured and simulated BHP values, ensuring model calibration. The final calibrated FOM was further decomposed to a DMD-based ROM, enabling quick, accurate predictions, significantly reducing computational time from hours to minutes.

Utilizing an ROM derived through DMD, we achieved an order of 160 reduction in computational time (from 8 hours to just 3 minutes) for a 3-year historical CO2 injection period modeled with 547,000 cells of the FOM. The ROM demonstrated remarkable fidelity, with a mean absolute error of 1.46 psi for pressure and 3.7e-05 for CO2 plume saturation, effectively capturing the dynamics of the full-order model. This substantial decrease in computational time illustrates an advantageous trade-off between speed and accuracy, optimizing the potential for long-term forecasting and monitoring of CO2 sequestration.

Incorporating the IBDP as a case study, this research contributes a significant advancement to reservoir simulation practices, offering a potent, efficient tool for CCS monitoring. By integrating DMD for ROM construction with precise data assimilation-based calibration, the study provides a comprehensive solution for swift and accurate subsurface CO2 plume tracking, essential for the successful implementation of CCS projects and the broader effort to mitigate climate change impacts.
Operationalizing Standardized IOGP Start Work Checks by Frontline Workers Using a Digital Solution
Authors: Odiase Kevin , Chukwujindu Kingsley , Onyeoziri Chijioke , Ilechukwu Izundu
Published: August 2024

The Goal Zero ambition of most organizations target no harm, no breaches and no leaks across all her operations. Ensuring this goal remains an utmost priority requires that we keep innovating and adapting new ways of working to ensure positive progress towards this goal. Digital technology has created a robust platform and is redefining how safety protocols are managed across our worksites. Understanding that errors occur, and that most of these errors result from human behaviors driven by the systems and processes is key to delivering the goal zero aspiration.

This paper is aimed at providing an overview of the application of digital technology during Start Work Checks (SWC) at the worksites. The digital SWC solution was designed to narrow the existing site risk ownership and management oversight gaps experienced on the frontline as workers carry out their daily activities. This paper focuses on the development, deployment and embedment of a digital solution intended to address the unique challenge faced by frontline workers, with a significant improvement in risk ownership, real-time data analysis, full implementation of IOGP SWC requirements, whilst removing the use of paper. This tool has positively enabled frontline workers demonstrably prevent incidents and save lives through robust verification of controls prior to start of work. The intervention culture has also improved, in addition to better quality of risk reviews by the frontline folks.
A Novel Approach in Securing Wells Using Nippleless Plugs and Slickline Deployed Memory Tools Saving Rig / Rigless Cost and Time
Authors: Kuro D-J. O. , Akudolu N. , Orumwese S. , Onyeahialam I. C. , Ajentumobi M. , Enifo W.
Published: August 2024

The paramount concerns for stakeholders in the upstream sector of the oil and gas business encompass safeguarding the well-being of individuals and the environment and optimizing revenue through efficient rig utilization. Producing organizations are challenged to make judgments about selecting technological solutions that ensure safe entry and exit from the wellbore. These decisions are crucial in reaching intended targets, ensuring integrity, or securing projects. The ultimate goal is to guarantee the long-term objectives and advantages of the asset. Enhanced technologies and methodologies have been implemented to optimize operational efficiency and profitability while prioritizing safety and meeting delivery expectations. This study aimed to provide a technique for enhancing efficiency in allocating resources for well isolation operations. This involves utilizing Nippleless plugs and memory-operated perforating or activation tools deployed by implementing rigless slickline technology. The methodology above, which utilizes solutions-based tools and technology, was recently implemented during a comprehensive security operation that encompassed two wells located within a field in Nigeria. Suppose the project was implemented using conventional electric line units, necessitating the laborious mobilization of both slickline and e-line equipment. Rig Cost estimate of $100,000 or $10,000 per day with 1Month or 5 to 10 days job execution. This resulted in an estimated project completion timeframe of around ten days. The project was accomplished within fewer than seven days in the both (2) wells, against the duration of the expected project completion period, with a total job cost estimate of $200,000 and $300,000 respectively, with minimal exposure to equipment and personnel on site, resulting in an increase of about 100bbls of oil and providing a business impact of over $10M saved.
Subsurface Safety Valve Control Line Leak Resolution Using a Pressure Activated Sealant Technology
Authors: Robinson Tryphosa , Lucky Ishomo , Iheanyi Ugwa , Chinedu Igwebike , Kenny Mcallister
Published: August 2024

The integrity of critical barriers deteriorates over the life of a well. To support continuous oil and gas production, identified integrity issue needs to be properly managed and addressed.

Most integrity issues are associated with leaks around downhole completion equipment where the tubing retrievable surface controlled sub-surface safety valve (TR-SCSSV) is a critical component. The TR-SCSSV function is achieved by applying hydraulic fluid pressure through a control line (CL) to open it, or bleeding same fluid to close the valve. From the foregoing, the potential for leaks exists around CL termination or connection points, tubing hanger body and/or neck seals and SCSSV hydraulic system seals. When this occurs, the SCSSV integrity is compromised resulting in failure to open the SCSSV flapper. Such SCSSV failure is usually restored with the conventional method of a rig workover to pull and replace tubing with a new SCSSV at a considerable cost.

This paper discusses an in-situ, safe and cost-effective solution, leveraging the pressure-activated sealant technology workflow that was developed and successfully applied to candidate wells with SCSSV CL leaks. It outlines the capabilities of the Seal-Tite technology and the cost-saving production restorations achieved during a campaign in some Mobil Producing Nigeria (MPN) field locations. The overall objective was to diagnose and seal CL leaks to restore integrity, without clogging the hydraulic system or flow path to the safety valve.
Unlocking an Idle Potential Equivalent to a New Gas Well - A Noteworthy Success Story of the Marina-T Well
Authors: Horsfall Ipalibo , Onyeukwu Ifeanyi , Chuka-Umeh Obiageli , Nwokolo Ndubuisi , Obisesan Wale , Anikoh Sam , Ogu Nelson , Kanu Aime , Badmus Olalekan
Published: August 2024

The pursuit of untapped potential within idle wells is a critical focus in the energy industry, offering a significant opportunity to enhance production capacity. This paper presents the comprehensive examination and successful reactivation of Marina-T, a closed-in well within our portfolio. Rigorous analysis, including the review of historical data and multidisciplinary modeling, identified reservoir re-pressurization and cone recession, revealing the potential to unlock approximately 25 MMScf/d of additional resource volume.

Realizing this potential required innovative engineering solutions and collaboration across multiple teams, given the well's secured status, harvested flowline, and fully utilized manifold. By extending an existing gas manifold using equipment from another mothballed gas plant, the well was successfully brought on stream in February 2023, achieving a gas production rate of 30 MMScf/d and a condensate rate of 200 bcpd without any HSE incidents. This reactivation has significantly bolstered the asset's gas production capacity and underscored the hidden value within dormant wells.

The Marina-T reactivation exemplifies the successful implementation of extensive strategies, including intensified data collection, meticulous monitoring, and thorough reviews. This case study highlights the critical importance of data-driven decision-making, effective model evaluation, and cross-functional collaboration in asset revitalization.

Our findings demonstrate the substantial benefits of leveraging untapped potential within existing assets, reinforcing the importance of ongoing innovation and teamwork in the energy sector. The lessons learned from this project offer valuable insights into the processes and methodologies that can drive similar successes in future well reactivations.
Maximization of Value from Brown Assets Through Integrated Short Term Oil Generation
Authors: Nwoke L. , Eta E. , Okoro C. , Ugbojiaku C. , Ndukwe A.
Published: August 2024

The Oil Minning Lease, OML-X (made of several fields), initially operated by a major international oil company with some of its fields discovered in 1963, has experienced significant production decline from its peak in 1967 of 115 Mbopd (and 120 MMscf/d) to less than 30 Mbopd (and 100 MMscf/d) by 2021. This decline was attributed to several factors. The current operator inherited an aging asset characterized by declining reservoir pressures and underutilized gas lift systems. This paper details a comprehensive Redevelopment Strategy implemented by the current operator to reverse this trend and maximize asset value. The approach focused on enhancing production from existing wells and adopting long-term reservoir management best practices. Key interventions included rigless reactivation of shut-in strings, flow line repairs / sectional replacement, and systems integrity assurance, followed by more complex operations. The implementation of this strategy led to remarkable results: a production increase of 78%. This was achieved with a 300% reduced investment and within 50% of the anticipated time, all without any Lost Time Injuries (LTIs). Also, the project saw significant asset integrity improvements through wellhead maintenance and refurbishment. This success story provides valuable insights into the effective management of brownfield assets, highlighting the importance of candidate selection, a SCRUM (agile working system) delivery structure, regulatory collaboration, and integrated teamwork. The approach demonstrated a significant impact on the specific company’s production, with a simple economic indicator of a 5-day payout. Extrapolating these results, the paper concludes that similar strategies could revitalize aging Nigerian oil assets, potentially leading to significant production increases. The case history contributes novel insights to the petroleum industry by showcasing a cost-effective, efficient approach to maximizing brownfield asset value, which could be pivotal for the revitalization of aging oil fields not only in Nigeria but also in similar global contexts.
Re-Entry Considerations to Achieve Production from Suspended Discovery Wells in Offshore Marginal Fields, Niger Delta
Authors: Ade-Fosudo O. O. J.
Published: August 2024

In a bid to increase the crude oil and gas production output from the Niger-Delta and encourage the participation of independent producers in hydrocarbon production, the Nigerian government conducted the 2020 marginal field bid round, in which 57 marginal fields were put on offer for acquisition. 29 of the 57 fields, 51%, are situated offshore, all of which have at least one exploratory or discovery well traversing hydrocarbon sands; whereas most of which are suspended subsea with a wet suspension/trash cap in open waters.

To honor marginal economics and accelerate the field commercialization, some of these suspended wells become relevant for potential re-entry operations to attain first oil; as such, the thought-process for re-entering these aged wells is a critical factor for success. This paper attempts to discuss the key considerations to safely access and exploit these existing wells; including, a subsea inspection to confirm the health state of the subsea cap and its connection, a bathymetric and geotechnical survey, the application of casing risers and/or subsea tieback systems, the role of production loads on the casing, and the acquisition and analysis of the cased-hole logs to verify the integrity condition of the casing. This paper also attempts to bridge the knowledge gap for new independent operators who now own or operate offshore marginal fields, with insufficient experience in upstream offshore activities.
Sand Management Practices at a Mature Field in the Deepwater Niger Delta
Authors: Burgess Matthew , Etoh Emmanuel , Zaki Karim , Oduware Dami , Oyewole Tony
Published: August 2024

Field X is a field in the Niger Delta, located at a water depth of 4,800 ft. The field development strategy includes peripheral water injection and crestal gas injection with mid-flank oil production from multiple stacked reservoirs. All of the wells (injectors and producers) are subsea wells, tied back to a Floating, Production, Storage, and Offloading (FPSO) vessel via subsea flowlines. The production wells were completed with Frac-Packs for sand control and Intelligent Well Completion (IWC) systems to provide zonal information and control for effective simultaneous production of multiple zones per well.

Several years after the start of production at Field X, failure of the Frac-pack sand control equipment were observed on several wells, resulting in sand production. This change in operating conditions was of significant concern because the Basis of Design (BOD) for the field hinged on sand-free production. Sand production could negatively impact the asset integrity of the field by increasing erosion on subsurface, subsea, and topsides equipment, causing damage to topsides production and water injection equipment, and causing process upsets from sand build-up in process vessels.

In response to this new condition, a cross-functional team was assembled to review the root causes of the sand control failure, recommend operational changes to prevent future sand control failures, recommend options to mitigate the impacts of sand production to the field infrastructure and process systems, recommend strategies for performing surveillance of equipment to assure asset integrity, and maximize the value of the asset within the context of the new paradigm created by the failed sand control. This paper will highlight the strategies and methodologies adopted to manage sand production at Field X, which include maintaining production from wells with failed sand control at curtailed rates to achieve sand free production, preventing additional completion failures through enhanced flux modeling and by proactively performing acid stimulations to reduce velocities and erosion through the completions and help preserve completion integrity, and maintaining subsea and surface facilities integrity and operability through increased surveillance and solids management programs. These mitigation measures have helped to maintain production and minimize negative impacts to field EUR while maintaining asset integrity and operability.
Navigating the Depths: Mitigating Operational Challenges in Offshore Well Drilling through Efficient Logistics Management
Authors: Igbeka Uche , Sakpa Ogaga , Ojubanire Damilola , Okoli Ugo’ , Okwa Hope
Published: August 2024

Offshore well drilling is a complex and high-CAPEX operation that demands meticulous planning and execution. This abstract delves into the critical aspect of logistics in offshore drilling, highlighting the paramount importance of effective management to avoid costly pitfalls and ensure the success of drilling projects.

The offshore drilling landscape is fraught with challenges, ranging from extreme environmental conditions to the intricacies of geological formations. However, one often underestimated yet crucial factor influencing project outcomes is the impact of logistics on operational efficiency. In the realm of offshore drilling, where remoteness and harsh conditions prevail, the ability to seamlessly coordinate and manage logistics becomes a linchpin for success.

This study focuses on ‘How not to drill a well’ by shedding light on the potential pitfalls associated with poor logistics management. Inefficient logistics can manifest in various forms, from delayed shipments of essential equipment to late or poor mobilization of personnel, and suboptimal supply chain coordination. Such issues can result in costly downtime, project delays, and compromise overall safety standards.

The paper draws on a real-world case study to illustrate instances where inadequate logistics planning has led to operational setbacks. It underscores the domino effect that logistical challenges can trigger, impacting drilling schedules, budget adherence, and even the environmental sustainability of the operation. By dissecting this case study, the research aims to provide valuable insights into the specific areas where improvements in logistics can significantly enhance overall project outcomes.

In conclusion, this abstract encapsulates the critical role that logistics plays in the success of offshore well drilling projects. By understanding ‘how not to drill a well,’ industry stakeholders can proactively implement strategies and technologies to fortify their logistical frameworks, ensuring smoother operations, minimized risks, and enhanced overall project success.
Deepwater Nigeria Integrated Activity Planning (IAP): A Key Lever to Competitive Optimization and Consistent Business Performance
Authors: Ogbunude Basil , Adeleye Olabode , Edache Ako , Wali Asmau , Ochonogor Chukky , Ezugwu Chima , Ashafa Dipo
Published: August 2024

While a robust business plan forms the bedrock for setting the goals and aspirations of the SNEPCo Deepwater (DW) portfolio over a long-term time horizon, the purpose of the Integrated Activity Planning & Scheduling (IAPS) process is to integrate, prioritize, optimize, and check readiness of activities to be carried out by functions on the DW asset as prescribed in the business plan to enable effective and efficient execution of work. These activities impact safety, production, capacity, cost, and simultaneous operations and rely on the IAPS process as the major driver for an integrated delivery. The plan outputs include deliverables such as Supply Chain demand profiles, Asset wide integrated Turnaround plans, activity readiness, scenarios and the impact of various threats and opportunities. The plan sets out the asset and functions’ Programme of work together with the activity timings, i.e. execution windows directly supporting their business targets, business plan submission and latest estimates of cost and production.

The objective of the DW IAPS is to maximize business value and mitigate risks to the asset by delivering: Goal Zero (Personal and Process Safety) by planning conflicting activities at different times to minimize exposure to personal and process safety events.Top quartile availability by integrating activities that cause deferment and reduce facility downtime.Cost competitiveness by optimizing the use of critical resources.Environmental Stewardship / Regulatory Compliance.

Since IAPS was introduced in SNEPCo 10 years ago, the asset has undertaken a bespoke efficiency improvement journey in delivering real value to the DW asset, ensuring a consistent top-quartile performance in key safety, production and activity-driven metrics year-on-year. Leveraging the integrating role of the IAPS workstream, several performance enhancing and IT-enabled simplification initiatives have been adopted over the years to ensure a competitive outcome for the asset as prescribed in the business plan. This paper summarizes the strategies, concepts and systems developed and deployed over the years to deliver a robust IAPS process that effectively supports integrated management of SNEPCO’s deepwater activities. The paper will highlight the challenges, opportunities, and improvement scopes for the IAPS process as well as learnings derived from a decade of IAPS operations in the SNEPCo Deepwater business.
Managing Complex Challenges in Reservoir Redevelopment: Case Study of X-Sand in the Niger Delta
Authors: Kumapayi O. Y. , Orupabo S. , Chinonyerem C. , Ishola A. P. , Olatoke O. , Fawumi O. , Onyido C. P.
Published: August 2024

As a field matures with time, it becomes pivotal to leverage on historical production and subsurface understandings to identify further development opportunities. However, there are challenges such as drilling through depleted sands and infill well placement optimization that could impact the success of reservoir redevelopment.

The objective of this study was to propose an optimized redevelopment plan via a detailed cross functional subsurface evaluation of a matured reservoir with considerable historical data coverage laden with some challenges such as current contacts, connectivity uncertainty and depleted sands. To achieve the objective, a structured subsurface workflow was utilized to assess the execution feasibility, recovery and challenges associated with the opportunity development.

A reservoir simulation model was built, history matched for recovery assessment; Historical contact data tracking was conducted in the simulation model that helped define current contacts and infill wells placement; Subsurface reservoir scenario modelling was conducted to characterized different potential dynamic scenarios in the reservoir. An integrated pore pressure prediction and wellbore drilling evaluation was conducted to identify strategies and manage drilling through depleted sands leveraging technology. Sensitivity runs were carried out to identify optimum production rates and well lateral lengths as well as economic analysis.

Study outcomes suggest a proposal of 2 wells (3 completions) to optimally deplete the reservoir of interest in the long term. A detailed Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) plan was planned and recommended for identified shallow depleted reservoirs during well execution. Study results show robust economics and significant return on investment.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Gas Re-Cycling for Improved Condensate Recovery in Gas Condensate Reservoirs: A Field Case Study
Authors: Adesola Tunde , Olajuwon Nicholas , Ibe Alonge , Udoh Nsikak , Olafuyi Olalekan.
Published: August 2024

The productivity of a condensate reservoir in the Niger-delta region of Nigeria is declining. The initial production rates for oil and gas were reported to be 350 barrels per day and 1.2 million standard cubic feet per day, respectively. This poses a unique difficulty for reservoir operators in determining the most effective way to optimize recovery. In this study, we use the CMG reservoir simulator to analyze the effects of gas recycling on the recovery of condensate and gas in a typical gas-condensate reservoir. The aim of our study is to assess the effectiveness of gas recycling in improving the overall recovery of hydrocarbons while keeping the pressure in the reservoir stable. We employed the gas recycling approach by employing the same well for injection, instead of drilling a new well, and compared its performance to a baseline scenario without gas recycling. The findings demonstrate that the process of gas recycling has a substantial positive impact on the rates of condensate and gas recovery. In comparison to the baseline scenario, our gas injection resulted in a significant increase in condensate recovery, around 100 barrels per day, which accounted for the whole amount of condensate being produced at that time. In a similar manner, the gas recovery increased by about 1 million cubic feet per day, reaching a level where it accounted for more than 70% of the gas being generated. The gas injection pattern showed enhancements, however it necessitated greater injection rates due to the failure to achieve early recovery levels. Finally, the well's downhole pressure was greatly boosted, although this did not result in the best possible recovery performance. This study indicates that gas recycling shows great potential for improving the extraction of hydrocarbons in gas-condensate reservoirs. By utilizing sophisticated reservoir simulation models such as CMG, we can enhance our ability to forecast the results of different gas recycling schemes and steer decision-making towards more sustainable and economically feasible development strategies.
Dynamic piezoelectric MEMS-based acoustic attenuators
Authors: Dahl-Hansen Runar , Kvaløy Olav , Trones Tom , Dullo Firehun
Published: August 2024

Noise-induced hearing loss is the most prevalent global occupational disease but can be prevented by using Hearing Protection Devices. Acoustic vents are crucial in the design of hearing protection devices, earphones, and hearing aids, serving to balance effective sound attenuation with natural sound perception and user comfort. A hybrid acousto-mechanical vent is presented here, facilitating controlled acoustic impedance using a Pb(Zr,Ti)O3-based thin film piezoelectric micromechanical system. A combination of mechanical stress-compensation and novel design techniques are used to achieve a distortion-free acoustic throughput with an impedance-range from 3.6 to 500 [MΩ]. At 30 [V] bias, the maximum power consumption is below 400 [nW]. It is shown that the system response can be well simulated using Lumped Parameter Modelling, accurately reflecting the measured dynamic attenuation range of close to 140. This highly reliable system, assessed using accelerated lifetime measurements, offers possibilities for developing smaller, lighter, and more energy-efficient hearing protection devices.
Local Drug Delivery using Novel Hydrogel Achieves 10 mm of Drug Penetration in the Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Barker Elizabeth , Cooper-King Lauren , Bailey Katherine , Patel Jenny , Sebelik Merry
Published: August 2024

This study entails the evaluation of drug distribution from a novel polysaccharide hydrogel drug delivery system in the tumor microenvironment in a preclinical brain tumor model. A model compound, AD 198, was chosen to test the gel because of its autofluorescence properties. The drug loaded polysaccharide hydrogel was injected intratumorally and delivered compound directly to the target tissue over a sustained period time. Drug effects were imaged in real time in vivo using ultrasound and ex vivo fluorescence was used to correlate tissue effects visualized in the ultrasound images with the distribution of drug in the tissue. Within three weeks of treatment AD 198 was able to distribute up to 10 mm from the implant site and could be detected in the tumor microenvironment from margin to margin.
Divergent impacts of ocean tipping and global warming on habitability
Authors: Abrams Jesse , Xu Chi , Boulton Chris , Scheffer Marten , Ritchie Paul , Williamson Mark , Ghadiali Ashish , Jackson Laura , Mecking Jennifer , Lenton Timothy
Published: August 2024

The potential collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) poses substantial climate risks 1, yet some current economic models estimate it would have a net economic benefit through counteracting the impacts of global warming that led to its collapse in the first place 2–4. This is based on eventual net effects on country-level mean annual temperature 5,6, with no consideration of effects on precipitation, spatial detail, or shifting directions of climate change. Here, we explore the impacts of consecutive climate shifts on the human climate niche 7,8 – first 2.5°C global warming, disproportionately affecting the Global South, and then a collapse of the AMOC, impacting North Atlantic adjacent landmasses the most. We show that these sequential changes have very different spatial patterns of precipitation and temperature effects, some of which offset each other, while others are compounding. This represents a first step towards a more nuanced, spatially and temporally explicit approach to the quantification of the impacts of tipping a critical component of the climate system.
Colloidal copper nanospheres boost propanol electrosynthesis from CO
Authors: Wang Min , Loiudice Anna , Alé Enric Ibáñez , Kumar Krishna , Stoian Dragos , Lian Zan , Albertini Petru , Zaza Ludovic , Leemans Jari , López Núria , Buonsanti Raffaella
Published: August 2024

Achieving a carbon neutral manufacturing of chemicals is imperative to accelerate the transition towards a sustainable future. Propanol electrosynthesis from CO electroreduction represents a promising alternative to the current manufacturing of this chemical. Yet, the catalyst features driving propanol formation are poorly understood, which limits further advancement in the performance. Herein, we report on a comprehensive mapping of the sensitivity of the CO electroreduction to the catalyst structure exploiting well-defined copper nanocrystals (NCs) with tunable shape and size synthesized via colloidal chemistry. In addition to clarify the dependence from the exposed surfaces, we discover that spheres uniquely promote n-propanol selectivity, which we explain mostly with strain effects. Driven by this novel insight, we achieve unprecedent n-propanol production via electrosynthesis with a copper catalyst. We demonstrate that colloidal copper nanospheres with a diameter of 4 nm deliver n-propanol faradaic efficiency of 39.6±1.4% at 119±4.2 mA/cm2 production rate, the latter being ten times the current state of the art for copper catalysts.
A Novel Approach to Predicting Liquefaction-Induced Settlements Using Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs)
Authors: Karakaş Seyidcem
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the applicability and effectiveness of Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KAN) in predicting settlements due to soil liquefaction, a critical issue in geotechnical engineering. Soil liquefaction, resulting from increased pore water pressure, diminishes soil bearing capacity and can lead to significant structural damage. Utilizing a comprehensive dataset derived from field and laboratory studies, the data was divided into training (70%), validation (15%), and testing (15%) sets and processed as torch tensors for the KAN model. The model, consisting of three layers with grid and k parameters set to 3 and 11, respectively, was trained using the LBFGS optimizer and MSE Loss function over 125 steps. The KAN model demonstrated superior performance with an R² value of 0.935 and an MAE of 0.14 on the training set, and an R² of 0.908 and an MAE of 0.176 on the test set. Comparative analysis with other studies showed that KAN outperformed traditional neural network models. Feature importance analysis revealed “unit_weight” as the most significant feature, aligning with previous studies. These results underscore the potential of KAN in enhancing predictive accuracy and reliability in geotechnical applications, paving the way for its broader acceptance and implementation in real-world scenarios.