bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kemampuan Quanin pada Ekstraksi Kation Fe2+ dan Senyawa Kompleks [Fe(CN)6]4- pada Fasa Air dan Kloroform
Authors: Suhartana Suhartana
Published: January 2020

Besi adalah merupakan kation yang mudah terlarut di dalam air. Seringkali keberadaannya pada industri electroplating kurang dikehendaki. Salah satu cara untuk mengurangi (dekonsentrasi) kation besi dilakukan dengan membuat senyawa kompleksnya, yang dapat terlarut dalam pelarut organik. Dengan ligan quanin kation Fe2+ dapat dipungut kembali sebesar 98,56 %, sementara senyawa kompleks [Fe(CN)6]4- dapat dipungut 62,24 %.
Pemanfaatan Sekam Padi sebagai Bahan Baku Arang Aktif dan Aplikasinya untuk Penjernihan Air Sumur di Desa Asinan Kecamatan Bawen Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Suhartana Suhartana
Published: January 2020

Di zaman orde baru Negara kita pernah menjadi Swasembada pangan, dengan dicanangkan program Desa Swasembada. Dengan program tersebut, produksi gabah melimpah ruah. Gabah tersusun dari kulit luar (sekam), kulit ari, endosperm dan lembaga. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pengarangan terhadap sekam padi, kemudian dibuat menjadi arang aktif. Produk arang aktif digunakan untuk menjernihkan air sumur dari desa Asinan kecamatan Bawen Kabupaten Semarang. Hasil yang diperoleh terjadi penurunan pH, angka kesadahan, kandungan NaCl, BOD, dan COD.
Profil Kromatogram dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kemuning (Murraya paniculata (L) Jack.) terhadap Bakteri Escherichia Coli secara In Vitro
Authors: Gunardi Gunardi , Dwi S Kartika
Published: January 2020

Daun kemuning adalah salah satu bahan tanaman yang sering digunakan untuk pengobatan penyakit infeksi di masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil kromatogram dan aktivitas ekstrak etanol daun kemuning terhadap Escherichia coli. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskripsi dan ekperimental. Ekstrak daun kemuning diperoleh dengan cara maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 40 % . Untuk mengetahui profil kromatogram dilakukan dengan cara pemisahan secara kromatografi lapis tipis dan akvitas terhadap Escherichia coli dilakukan dengan metoda pengenceran yang dilanjutkan penanaman pada media agar Mac Conkey. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, profil kromatogram ekstrak etanol daun kemuning didapatkan 6 bercak di bawah sinar UV panjang gelombang 254 nm dengan warna biru gelap, biru, ungu, ungu jingga, hijau dan coklat. Aktivitas ekstrak etanol daun kemuning terhadap Escherichia coli pada analisis uji Tukey menunjukan daya hambat pada konsentrasi 30 % dan daya bunuh pada konsentrasi 40 %. Diperkirakan terdapat 6 komponen senyawa dalam ekstrak etanol daun kemuning yang meliputi golongan alkohol, keton , terpenoid, steroid, asam organik dan minyak atisiri yang bertanggung jawab terhadap aktivitas Escherichia coli dengan nilai KHM 30 % dan KBM 40 %Kata kunci : Daun kemuning ( Muraya paniculata (L) Jack) profil kromatogram, aktivitas terhadap Escherichia coli
Pengaruh Substitusi Kaca terhadap Kuat Tekan dan Suhu Reaksi Semen Portland
Authors: Darmawan Adi , Bestyan Doddy , Gunawan Gunawan
Published: January 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian pengaruh substitusi kaca botol Coca Cola dan Pyrex terhadap kuat tekan dan suhu reaksi semen Portland. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mensubstitusi kaca pada semen portland Tiga Roda Indocement dengan variasi komposisi terhadap berat semen (5%,10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%). Pengaruh substitusi dianalisis terhadap kuat tekan dan suhu reaksi. Analisis kuat tekan dilakukan dengan menggunakan compression test dan suhu reaksi dengan termometer.Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kuat tekan semen meningkat dengan substitusi kaca. Substitusi kaca Pyrex menghasilkan kuat tekan yang lebih tinggi daripada substitusi kaca botol Coca Cola. Kuat tekan optimal yang didapat pada substitusi 10% kaca dan pada umur 28 hari. Dengan meningkatnya substitusi kaca maka suhu reaksi menurun.
ANALISIS CORPORATE CITIZENSHIP DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA TERHADAP ISU EKSPLOITASI LINGKUNGAN PADA FILM “SEXY KILLERS”
Authors: Pertiwi Hanako Fatimah
Published: January 2020

Tanggung jawab perusahaan tentang hak asasi manusia di Indonesia penting dilakukan karena perusahaan yang melanggar hak tersebut berarti melanggar hukum lingkungan yang ada. Salah satu film dokumenter di Indonesia yang berjudul “Sexy Killers” menunjukkan kurangnya sikap dan tanggung jawab salah satu perusahaan PLTU di Indonesia dalam menjalankan bisnisnya sehingga menyebabkan pelanggaran HAM. Film yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis kualitatif deskriptif tersebut bercerita mengenai eksploitasi lingkungan akibat pembangunan PLTU di Kalimantan yang mengakibatkan eksternalitas negatif mulai dari kekurangan air bersih, pencemaran lingkungan, penyakit pernapasan hingga kematian. Implementasi hukum tidak berjalan dengan baik meskipun sudah ada peraturan hukum lingkungan di Indonesia. Kasus ini dianalisis dengan konsep HAM, four faces of corporate citizenship dan sustainable development. Hasil yang ditemukan adalah bahwa perusahaan belum mencapai corporate citizenship yang baik karena hanya mementingkan keuntungan semata tanpa mempedulikan stakeholders lainnya.
PENERAPAN PIDANA KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL DALAM PUTUSAN PENGADILAN
Authors: Sukarmini Wien , Idrus Norman Syahdar
Published: January 2020

Perlindungan KI identik dengan komersialisasi KI, karena KI adalah hak yang tidak dapat dilepaskan dari persoalan ekonomi. Salah satu bentuk perlindungan KI adalah kebijakan pembuat undang-undang yang menentukan penegakan norma-normanya dengan hukum pidana yang bersanksi negatif. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk membahas permasalahan penerapan pidana KI dalam putusan pengadilan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, dengan menggunakan data sekunder, berupa bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan diketahui, bahwa terdapat penerapan pidana yang berbeda antara hakim yang satu dengan hakim yang lain, karena perundang-undangan KI hanya mengenal batas pidana maksimum, tidak mengenal batas minimum pidana, baik pidana penjara maupun pidana denda, dan tidak ada standar pemidanaan yang menjadi pegangan bagi hakim dalam menjatuhkan pidana, serta tidak terlepas dari pengaruh ketentuan Pasal 5 ayat (1) Undang-Undang No.48 tahun 2009 tentang Kekuasaan Kehakiman, yang memberikan kewenangan yang luas kepada hakim dalam menjatuhkan pidana kepada terdakwa.
Assessment of changes in the level of human capital in Poland in the context of the use of European funds for projects in the field of science and education contracted for implementation in 2004–2006
Authors: Sikora-Gaca Małgorzata , Kosowska Urszula
Published: January 2020

The article presents the analysis of 2,947 projects in the area of science and education co-financed by the Structural Funds in Poland in 2004–2006. It summarizes the investments co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund, the European Social Fund and the European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee Fund. Data on 2,947 projects, with their regional division, have been verified. Thanks to this regional leaders have been distinguished in terms of the number of projects and raised funds in 2004–2006. Most importantly, the amount of the subsidy from the EU to projects in the area of science and education in Poland in the years 2004–2006 has been estimated per capita of individual region. These data were compared with the selected human capital development indicators in 2003, 2006, 2009 and 2012 to assess the impact of European funding in the field of science and education on human capital in Poland.
Media Scandals as Fake News is Dangerous for the National Security
Authors: Angelova-Igova Boryana
Published: January 2020

In a Requiem for Media Jean Baudrillard described the civil war in Timisoara, Romania, in 1989. He discovered that the war was to a large extent instigated by the mass media. Nowadays, the media have the possibility to decontextualize events and objectify them by placing them in a different context, alongside other decontextualized events. This could be very dangerous and lead to serious national security problems. Media could provoke social turbulence and “real” crimes. My aim in this paper is to describe this problem and show possible solutions. While following the methodology adopted, I examine case studies and analyze specific historical events.
Kariera akademicka, kobiety i Uniwersytet Poznański. Konteksty historyczno-teoretyczne
Authors: Gromkowska-Melosik Agnieszka
Published: January 2020

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Kształcenie badawcze w czasach globalizacji z perspektywy europejskiej
Authors: Niemczyk Ewelina K. , Pogorzelska Marzanna
Published: January 2020

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The Ecclesiastical Role of the Holy Spirit in the sacrament of confi rmation in the Teaching of Benedict XVI
Authors: Kluz Marek
Published: January 2020

Formation of an ecclesial community constitutes the basic moral call arising from reception of the sacrament of confi rmation. Formation of the person should also aim at accomplishing this objective. The Holy Spirit given in the sacrament of confi rmation plays a fundamental role in building the Church. Opening up to the gift of the Holy Spirit and submission to His direction allows to fi nd the proper place in the Church and accept full responsibility for destiny of the Church. The ecclesial role of the Holy Spirit in the sacrament of conformation sounds signifi cantly in the teaching of Benedict XVI. In his speeches and documents, the Pope repeatedly brought the truth about the special power of the Holy Spirit and His gifts into building the community dimension of the life of the Church. Therefore, in this refl ection – based on allocations of Pope Benedict XVI – the ecclesiological role of the Holy Spirit, coming in the sacrament of confi rmation, was presented.
Koncepcja Boga na przykładzie pięciu dróg Tomasza z Akwinu
Authors: Picewicz Joanna
Published: January 2020

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza zasadniczych argumentów na rzecz istnienia Boga na przykładzie pięciu dróg (dowodów) Tomasza z Akwinu, które w swej formule zawierają koncepcję Boga. W pięciu drogach Tomasza z Akwinu, Bóg występuje jako: pierwsza siła poruszająca (sama nie poruszona), pierwsza przyczyna sprawcza, byt konieczny, byt najdoskonalszy oraz jako umysł porządkujący świat przyrodniczy i prowadzący wszystko do celu. Dowody na rzecz istnienia Boga w ujęciu myśliciela, wychodzą z różnych zjawisk rzeczywistości. Punkt wyjścia jest różny: zjawisko ruchu, relacje przyczynowe, przygodność istnienia, stopniowanie doskonałości, celowość. Mimo określonych cech charakteryzujących drogi, mają jednolitą strukturę. Drogi Akwinaty dowodzą istnienia tego samego przedmiotu - Boga, lecz poszczególne argumenty ujmują transcendencję w różnym aspekcie. Wspólne składniki argumentów na rzecz istnienia Boga nie przekreślają jednak ich odrębności. Cel do którego średniowieczny myśliciel dążył, został osiągnięty, ponieważ każda z pięciu dróg odkrywa określony atrybut, który w rzeczywistości jest atrybutem Boga.
KÜÇÜK ve ORTA BOY İŞLETMELERDE (KOBİ’LERDE) ÜRÜN YENİLİĞİ ve AR-GE FAALİYETLERİ
Authors: ERDİL Oya , İMAMOĞLU Salih Zeki , KESKİN Halit
Published: January 2020

This study analyses product innovation and research and development (R&D) activities of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). A conceptual analysis has been conducted based on the literature on SMEs, innovation and product innovation in SMEs. An investigation on a sample of SMEs operating in production sector has been held in order to draw conclusions on R&D activities of the firms in the sample. The data has been gathered by a questionnaire form including questions under the headings of R&D activities, institutions supplying R&D support and the nature of the support, restrictions of firms unabling them having various R&D supports, and R&D shares of the firms in their annual sales. Furthermore a chi-square analysis has been utilized in order to evaluate relationship between R&D operations and product development and radical product innovation. Based on in-depth interviews with firm representatives and questionnaire forms gathered from them and a review of the literature the present research discusses the implications of the results and suggestions for practitioners and scholars for further research are proposed.
PERFORMANS DEĞERLEME SİSTEMİNİN TOPLAM KALİTE İLKELERİ AÇISINDAN ANALİZİ ve UYUMLAŞTIRMA ÖNERİLERİ
Authors: TAK Bilçin
Published: January 2020

The companies which are seeking total quality management suffer from some problems related to human resources management practices such as performance appraisal. That is the reason why some companies fail to achieve employee commitment which is vital for TQM. In this study, traditional performance appraisal system is analyzed based on TQM principles and seven proposals are offered. The main proposals are about; integrating performance appraisal system with the strategic planning process of the organization, aligning individual performance measures with organizational goals, adding multi-rater feedback and team-based performance measurement models to the individual performance appraisal, shortening of the performance appraisal periods, eliminating measurement errors which have steam from the systems and impacts on the individual performance. Also, there are comments on redesigning of the forms using to appraise the performance in terms of measures and measurement scale.
THE TRANSITION FROM INFORMATION MANAGEMENT TO KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT THROUGH ACTIVITY - BASED APPROACH
Authors: ARZOVA S. Burak
Published: January 2020

Günümüzde en önemli güç bilgidir. Ancak gelişen bilgi iletişim araçları, bu araçlara ulaşmadaki kolaylık, bilgiye sahip olmak için gereken mekan ve zaman kavramlarında da değişiklik yaratmıştır. Bu nedenle salt bilgiye sahip olmak artık güçlü olmak için yeter şart değildir. Bilgi, bilgiden fayda yaratacak olan kişilere iletilemediği sürece, toplama, sınıflandırma ve özetleme aşamalarına harcanan zaman dolayısıyla bir külfet olmaktan öteye gidemeyecektir. Bu nedenle gelişen şartlar, bilginin iyi yönetilmesini gerekli kılmaktadır. Yeni literatürde, bilgi yönetiminin bir üst düzeyi olan bilebilirlik yönetimi kavramı karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada; işletmelerde katma değer yaratmayan her türlü faaliyetin elenmesine yönelik çalışmaları kapsayan faaliyet tabanlı yaklaşımın, bilgi ve bilgi yönetiminden, bilebilirlik yönetimine geçiş aşamasında nasıl kullanılacağı konusu üzerinde durulmuştur
İŞ GÜVENCESİNİN MUHTEMEL EKONOMİK VE SOSYAL ETKİLERİ
Authors: MAKAS Recep
Published: January 2020

One of the most important subject and purpose of the modern labour law is to arrange the relationship between employee and employer. One of the legal means, which are regulating labour relations, in labour law, is job security. Job security is the most important tool, that provides labours continuity and labour peace and it has a lot of dimension. In other hands, job security has economic and social dimension in addition to its legal dimension. In these study we take up narrow and extensive meaning ofjob security and relations between job security and freedom of agreement that is the main concept of law of debts. And then, we explain economic and social influences of job security in the context of the effect of job security to national and international competition relations, to employment, choosing staff and technology, productivity, foreign capital and income distribution.
DIŞ TİCARET KURAMINDA YENİ YAKLAŞIMLAR
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Nazım
Published: January 2020

Foreign trade theories goal to analyze why nations make trade, what kind of gains they attain, to calculate compound and volume of movement of international goods and services, and also to explain how they can effect domestic national product. New advancements occurs in international trade cause not to explain the foreign trade phenomenon with traditional foreign trade theories. In this study, evolution of foreign trade theories from Mercantilism to current was analyzed, new foreign trade theories like skilled labor, monopolistic competition, intra-industry trade, scale economies, similarity in preferences, technological gap, product cycle, product differentiation, competitive advantage which related to explain foreign trade were managed to present.
TÜRKİYE’ DE İŞSİZLİĞİN YAPISAL ANALİZİ
Authors: BİLGİN Mehmet Hüseyin
Published: January 2020

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the structure and dimensions of unemployment in Turkey. Besides its dimensions, the composition of unemployment is also very important and the unemployment rates are higher than the official rates in Turkey. The unemployment is an urban intensive problem and it is widespread especially over the young workers, women and low-educated labor in Turkey. The amount of people who has been unemployed more than one year is also very high. The implication of active employment policies which increase skills of labor and the creation new employment areas with macroeconomic policies are crucial to solve unemployment problem.
FİNANSAL KRİZLERİN ANATOMİSİ
Authors: ADANUR AKLAN Nejla
Published: January 2020

Financial crisis met not only in Latin American and Asian Countries but in Turkey as well require that this issue be investigated again. Capital flows are the exchange of the money in international fields. After Bretton Woods system collapsed in world economy, financial markets have gained more international character due to capital flows. During 1990's capital flows gained short term character. The most important cause of this is that systematic risk is high owing to potential balance of payments problems and currency risk which is present in most of the developing countries. The fact that systematic risk is high has caused the risk premium added to interest rates to be determined high. Those countries have become attractive investment fields for short term capital having a speculative structure. Short term capital flows are composed of exchange credits obtained from foreign markets by commercial banks and foreign time deposits accounts of foreigners and portfolio investments in stock markets. Financial liberalization arrangements having importance from the second half of 1980’s in the world economy have abolished the obstacles in front of capital flows. The main reason of financial crisis met in Turkey and in some developing countries in the 1990's is the liquidity scarcity resulting from sudden capital outflows of short term flows. Sudden decrease of capital flows resulted in net foreign asset losses in significant quantities in those countries. The primary aim of our study is to define the importance of "speculative attacks" in the formation of crisis. In our study, speculative attack case has been taken up and investigated in view offixedforeign exchange rate systems
NEBEVÎ SÜNNET’TE BİLGİNİN (İLİM), FİKİR - SÖZ VE EYLEMDEN ÖNCELİĞİ ÜZERİNE
Authors: KAVAKLIOĞLU Mahmut
Published: January 2020

This article deals with the place of the knowledge in the hierarchy of it, idea, saying and action in the Nabawi Sunnah (the Prophetic living). According to the Nabawi Sunnah, the knowledge is always precedence over the idea, saying and action. And it gets form according to itself. If there is a distorting in this hierarchy, it will bring out an idea of superstition. So it is necessary to make the knowledge to the right manner. Firstly, the knowledge should be true and then the aim of the true knowledge also should be used in a useful way. To show what we discuss in this study, we gave a lot of examples in the Prophetic sayings and actions. As a result of this search, we reached that the formula of the knowledge in Nabawi Sunnah is that the true knowledge is to be sought and it should sent a man to the right thinking, right saying and right actions. Otherwise, it is impossible to keep away from the complexity of the world of knowledge.
TÜRKİYE’DE SINIRLI YAYILIŞA SAHİP BİR MEŞE TÜRÜ: QUERCUS ILEX (PIRNAL MEŞESİ)
Authors: GÜNAL Nurten
Published: January 2020

Quercus ilex which is the natural evergreen oak species occurs in the very limited very areas in the coastal regions of Turkey. It grows within Pinus brutia forests and macciha formations in the humid habitats. This oak species begins at the sea level and rises up to 1100 m altitude in which Mediterranean climatic conditions prevail. In this area Qaercus ilex is mostly composed of macchia elements such as Arbutus andrachne, A. unedo, Phillyrea latifolia, Laurus nobilis, Styrax officinalis, Cercis siliquastrum, and Quercus coccifera. Palinological studies on Tertiary flora of Turkey have revealed that Quercus ilex had a wider dispersal area then, and it formed associations in some areas which today do not carry suitable ecological conditions for their growth.
Unter himmlischen Polygonen. Neukonstruktion des Glasdachs und Sanierungsmaßnahmen an der Staatlichen Bibliothek Passau
Authors: Wennerhold Markus
Published: January 2020

Nachdem das Glasdach über dem Großen Lesesaal ersetzt werden musste, wurde die Gelegenheit genutzt, das Gebäude der Staatlichen Bibliothek Passau einer umfassenden Sanierung zu unterziehen. Das neue Glasdach macht den ursprünglichen Charakter des ehemaligen Innenhofs wieder erlebbar, des Weiteren wurden unter anderem Brandschutz und Barrierefreiheit auf einen zeitgemäßen Stand gebracht und eine geeignete Beschallungsanlage installiert.
ALPZUG: Was Kühe mit Bibliotheken zu tun haben
Authors: Straub Esther , Müller Alexandra , Tschander Ladina
Published: January 2020

Die UZH-Bibliotheken und die Zentralbibliothek haben sich entschieden, mit der Einführung des neuen Bibliothekssystems Alma einen gemeinsamen Weg zu beschreiten. Im Projekt ALPZUG wird die Einführung gemeinsam vorbereitet. Die Zusammenarbeit soll künftig intensiviert und die Arbeitsprozesse optimiert werden. Die UZH-Bibliotheken und die Zentralbibliothek erhoffen sich, dass mit den Dienstleistungen der nationalen Bibliotheksplattform (Swiss Library Service Platform) und der geplanten Reorganisation des universitären Bibliothekswesens Personalressourcen freigespielt werden können, um neue, zukunftsorientierte Bibliotheksangebote für die Angehörigen der Universität Zürich wie auch für die Stadt- und Kantonsbibliotheksbenutzenden aufgebaut werden können.
Effect of endogenous sulfur dioxide on spatial learning and memory and hippocampal damages in the experimental model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion
Authors: Ghasemi Elaheh , Afkhami Aghda Faezeh , Rezvani Mohammad Ebrahim , Shahrokhi Raeini Azadeh , Hafizibarjin Zeynab , Zare Mehrjerdi Fatemeh
Published: January 2020

Background

The vascular changes due to cerebrovascular damage, especially on the capillaries, play a vital role in causing vascular dementia. Increasing oxidative stress can lead to tissue damage while reducing brain blood flow. The use of factors reducing the oxidative stress level can decrease the brain damages. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is one of the most important air pollutants that lead to the development of severe brain damage in large quantities. However, studies have recently confirmed the protective effect of SO2 in cardiac ischemic injury, atherosclerosis and pulmonary infections.

Methods

The permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCAO) method was used to induce chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH). Two treatment groups of SO2 were studied. The animal cognitive performance was evaluated using the Morris water maze. Hippocampal tissue damage was examined after 2 months of BCAO. In the biochemical analysis, the activity of catalase and lipid peroxidation of the hippocampus was studied.

Results

Neuronal damage in hippocampus, as well as cognitive impairment in ischemia groups treated with SO2 showed a significant improvement. Catalase activity was also significantly increased in the hippocampus of treated groups.

Conclusions

According to the results, SO2 is likely to be effective in reducing the CCH-caused damages by increasing the antioxidant capacity of the hippocampus.
Student Learning through Swedish School Libraries: Analysis, Findings and Recommendations
Authors: Marino John , Schultz-Jones Barbara
Published: January 2020

This exploratory study examines the application of methods used in the United States to evaluate the impact of school library programs and services on student learning to a setting in Uppsala, Sweden. The Student Learning through Ohio School Libraries study of Todd and Kuhlthau served as the model for data collection in Uppsala middle and high schools and subsequent analysis. Modifications to the original study and details of the data collection and analysis are provided. Findings suggest that many students do perceive that the library program provides different categories of help in their learning processes, that students may benefit from direct instruction in all stages of the information problem-solving process, and that the application of methods to school library settings worldwide may enable meaningful comparisons of practice in school libraries. Findings are limited by the amount of time between data collection and analysis, and modifications to the methodology applied in the original study. Still, this effort marks a critical benchmark in international efforts to demonstrate the impact of the school library on student achievement.
Hydrophobic cellulose aerogel from waste napkin paper for oil sorption applications
Authors: Sanguanwong Amaret , Pavasant Prasert , Jarunglumlert Teeraya , Nakagawa Kyuya , Flood Adrian , Prommuak Chattip
Published: January 2020

This study is the first, to the best of our knowledge, where waste napkin paper was successfully valorized to low-density (27.2 mg cm−3) cellulose aerogels for oil sorption material. Two simple methods with different gel coagulators, ethanol and sulfuric acid, were used for preparation of the aerogel. Conditions for the alkaline treatment of the raw material and the pre-freezing temperature in the lyophilization process were optimized. It was found that the water and oil sorption capacities of the aerogels were not significantly affected by alkaline treatment, while they could be adjusted by changing the pre-freezing temperature. Although the produced aerogels were initially amphiphilic, hydrophobic surfaces were obtained by vapor deposition of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) and these materials possessed high sorption capacities, up to 32.24 cm3 g−1 (28.56 g g−1) for pump oil and 26.77 cm3 g−1 (39.59 g g−1) for chloroform. This was comparable to aerogels prepared from fresh cellulosic materials via the sol-gel method, as their sorption capacities varied in the range of 14–45 g g−1.
Migrant Labour and Workers' Struggles: The German Meatpacking Industry as Contested Terrain
Authors: Birke Peter , Bluhm Felix
Published: January 2020

This article summarises results of a project whose aim was to analyse the role of migration within the current recomposition of the working class in Germany. We focus on the example of the meat industry in the Oldenburger Münsterland, a region that is experiencing a strong economic boom based on the expansion and modernisation of industrial work. The exploitation of migrant labour, composed of “newcomers” to the industry with both European Union and refugee backgrounds, is a pivotal feature of that boom. Most research on migrant labour focuses on legal frameworks and labour market dynamics. By focusing instead on the labour process, we are able to examine the connections between exploitation, resistance and collective organisation among migrant workers. We show that the experience of migrant workers is not one of complete powerlessness and subjugation. We contrast workers in two sub-sectors, slaughtering and packing on the one hand and industrial cleaning on the other. Although both of these activities are similarly low-wage and migrant-dominated, we find variation in the ability of these workers to exercise power. The importance of skill and the need to avoid turnover gives workers in slaughtering and packing some levers of power, despite their vulnerable immigration status. This power has even instigated a shift towards some formalisation of these jobs on the part of management. In contrast, the different labour process has prevented industrial cleaning workers from accessing the same levels of power, despite sharing a similar labour market position to their co-workers in slaughtering and packing.

KEY WORDS: Migration; refugees; labor unrest; trade unions; subcontracting; meat industry
Review of: Neethi P. (2016) Globalization Lived Locally: A Labour Geography Perspective
Authors: Dutta Madhumita
Published: January 2020

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Muscarinic Modulation of SK2-Type K+Channels Promotes Intrinsic Plasticity in L2/3 Pyramidal Neurons of the Mouse Primary Somatosensory Cortex
Authors: Gill Daniel F. , Hansel Christian
Published: January 2020

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) inhibit small-conductance calcium-activated K+channels (SK channels) and enhance synaptic weight via this mechanism. SK channels are also involved in activity-dependent plasticity of membrane excitability (“intrinsic plasticity”). Here, we investigate whether mAChR activation can drive SK channel-dependent intrinsic plasticity in L2/3 cortical pyramidal neurons. Using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from these neurons in slices prepared from mouse primary somatosensory cortex (S1), we find that brief bath application of the mAChR agonist oxotremorine-m (oxo-m) causes long-term enhancement of excitability in wild-type mice that is not observed in mice deficient of SK channels of the SK2 isoform. Similarly, repeated injection of depolarizing current pulses into the soma triggers intrinsic plasticity that is absent from SK2 null mice. Intrinsic plasticity lowers spike frequency adaptation and attenuation of spike firing upon prolonged activation, consistent with SK channel modulation. Depolarization-induced plasticity is prevented by bath application of the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H89, and the casein kinase 2 (CK2) inhibitor TBB, respectively. These findings point toward a recruitment of two known signaling pathways in SK2 regulation: SK channel trafficking (PKA) and reduction of the calcium sensitivity (CK2). Using mice with an inactivation of CaMKII (T305D mice), we show that intrinsic plasticity does not require CaMKII. Finally, we demonstrate that repeated injection of depolarizing pulses in the presence of oxo-m causes intrinsic plasticity that surpasses the plasticity amplitude reached by either manipulation alone. Our findings show that muscarinic activation enhances membrane excitability in L2/3 pyramidal neurons via a downregulation of SK2 channels.
MANF Ablation Causes Prolonged Activation of the UPR without Neurodegeneration in the Mouse Midbrain Dopamine System
Authors: Pakarinen Emmi , Danilova Tatiana , Võikar Vootele , Chmielarz Piotr , Piepponen Petteri , Airavaara Mikko , Saarma Mart , Lindahl Maria
Published: January 2020

Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localized protein that regulates ER homeostasis and unfolded protein response (UPR). The biology of endogenous MANF in the mammalian brain is unknown and therefore we studied the brain phenotype of MANF-deficient female and male mice at different ages focusing on the midbrain dopamine system and cortical neurons. We show that a lack of MANF from the brain led to the chronic activation of UPR by upregulation of the endoribonuclease activity of the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) pathway. Furthermore, in the aged MANF-deficient mouse brain in addition the protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) branches of the UPR pathways were activated. Neuronal loss in neurodegenerative diseases has been associated with chronic ER stress. In our mouse model, increased UPR activation did not lead to neuronal cell loss in the substantia nigra (SN), decrease of striatal dopamine or behavioral changes of MANF-deficient mice. However, cortical neurons lacking MANF were more vulnerable to chemical induction of additional ER stressin vitro. We conclude that embryonic neuronal deletion of MANF does not cause the loss of midbrain dopamine neurons in mice. However, endogenous MANF is needed for maintenance of neuronal ER homeostasis bothin vivoandin vitro.
As sombras do Cardume: a guerra civil na memoria interxeracional
Authors: Pin Basanta Irene
Published: January 2020

O obxectivo deste traballo, no marco da literatura comparada, consiste na análise de dúas obras que tratan a temática da guerra civil en Galiza desde a perspectiva da recuperación da memoria por parte dunha xeración que non viviu directamente os feitos. Porén, a pegada do conflito chega ata eles e pon en foco a necesidade de repensar a relación co pasado. Cada un destes traballos pertence a un sistema literario diferente: Cardume (Rexina Vega, 2007) é literatura para adultos, mentres Noite de Voraces Sombras (Agustín Fernández Paz, 2002) forma parte da literatura infantil e xuvenil. Deste xeito, repararase nos puntos de conexión e nos temas comúns das dúas novelas, así como das diferenzas principalmente motivadas pola súa concepción para diferentes públicos. En calquera caso, a súa existencia sumada ao amplo corpus que trata o tema chama a atención sobre a necesidade social manifestada polos autores por establecer marcos de relación, fundamentalmente desde unha óptica familiar, dun conflito que debido aos procesos históricos de transformación postfranquistas non acadaron unha resolución para as vítimas.
Literary canon studies: methodological guidelines
Authors: Šeina Viktorija
Published: January 2020

The article presents for the Lithuanian audience an interdisciplinary approach of literary canon studies that integrates diverse methods of various disciplines (sociology of literature and culture, literary and cultural history, teaching of literature, text reception and aesthetic response history, memory and media research and bibliography studies). The most intense development of literary canon studies can be observed in Western Europe and the United States in the last decade of the 20th century. This was due to the fact that the scholars engaged in the field of postcolonialism, gender studies and neo-Marxism gave it a strong impulse by initiating a debate about insufficient representation of some social groups (women, racial or ethnic minorities and people from lower social strata) in high school curricula in the USA. The debate was expanded into theoretical polemics of whether the canon is formed by means of objective aesthetic criteria or, on the contrary, canon depends on the social contract. Methodologically, investigations of literary canon that are genetically related to the tradition of sociology of culture seem to be the most productive, while this perspective provides an apparatus for a detailed investigation of relations between specific interests of literary field and wider national, social or group interests.The framework of this article is based on the studies of John Guillory, Renate von Heydebrand and Simone Winko. Their essential starting point is the understanding of the canon as a sociocultural process in which the political elite selects a corpus of significant texts in accordance with tradition and formulates practices that ensure the transmission of those texts for future generations. Therefore, canon formation turns to be a strategy based on complex relations of evaluation, cognition and actions that aims to conserve this selected knowledge and transmit it to future generations. The structure of the canon is directly related to the notion of literature and literariness; a society (or its group) defines its canon by considering what they recognize as valuable.Unlike religious canons, which can only be constructed by theologians, there are a lot of canonizing institutions (schools, universities, literary criticism, theatre repertoire, book market, libraries, etc.) involved in the formation of literary canons. They do not create any well-balanced system of the canon but rather conduct diverse practices of canonization. We can distinguish a micro and macro level in the process of canon formation. The micro level contains a lot of separate actions of canonization that propel the canonization process which enables the canon formation at macro level. Origin, stabilization and transformation of literary canon are multidimensional processes, thus it is essential not to lose sight of the interaction of separate dimensions.
The Unfading Eros of Love in the Latest Poetry by Kornelijus Platelis
Authors: Jakaitė Dalia
Published: January 2020

The object of this article is the eros of love in the latest poetry by K. Platelis: books Palimpsestai (2004) and Įtrūkusios mėnesienos (2018). Theoretical-methodological scope – phenomenology; the main references – M. Merleau-Ponty and E. Levinas. The phenomenology, reflecting eros subjectivity, corporeality, time and space, allows for more actualization and understanding of the phenomenon of the eros of love. It suggests new categories through which individual and subjective poetic meanings come through. Love and its eros is one of the dominants in works of poets of K. Platelis’ generation. This phenomenon, related not only to the experiences of love, but also to the experiences of death, encompassing not only individuals, but also things, in works of this author gets into the complex cultural, historical, mythological context, grows out of this context and gives it a distinct poetic form. The hunger of eros (eros as a hunger), set up at the beginning of the article, and its analysis allow a better understanding of the otherness of mythopoetic transformations typical to K. Platelis’ poetry, as well as the dynamics of the eros of love and death, the interaction of eros of different times, reality and its simulation, the connection between passion and the world of things. Time, as one of the most important phenomena in the eros world, makes it possible to feel the particular dynamics of eros, a certain rhythm based on contradictions and ambiguities, and refers to the dynamics of the roles of different subjects in the eros situation. One of the main phenomena in the latest poetry is the middle aged eros, characterized by the autoironic rehabilitation of eros. Poems of Platelis have a distinctly erotic space. From the wide spectrum of the spatial eros imagination, it is worth highlighting its cultural aspect. It is necessary for identifying intersubjective relations, emotional and material experiences of eros. The eros, arising from the subjective observation of space and its objects, is characterized by the tension of a real and simulated world, metaphysical and concrete physical reality.
A New Monograph about Bernardino Ochino and the Early Italian Evangelism
Authors: Pociūtė Dainora
Published: January 2020

Camaioni, Michele. 2018. Il Vangelo e L’Anticristo: Bernardino Ochino tra francescanesimo ed eresia (1487–1547). Istituto italiano per gli studi storici di Napoli. Bologna: Società Editrice il Mulino, 601 p. ISBN 978-88-15-27853-1 [„Evangelija ir Antikristas. Bernardinas Ochinas: nuo pranciškonybės iki erezijos (1487–1547)“]
Compare and Contrast the Two Approaches: The ‘Conventional Approach’ and the ‘Computational Approach’ Described by Stiny and Mitchell 1978, for Analyzing an Architectural Style
Authors: Nujaba Binte Kabir
Published: January 2020

Architectural historians have focused more on traditional analysis of a style on the basis of concept, compositional order, construction method, structural system and much more. This approach can be called as ‘Conventional approach’. On the other hand the ‘Computational approach’, which was described by George Stiny and William J. Mitchell in 1978, can regenerate new design of a particular style by analyzing the characteristics of that style. The question is how these two approaches conflict with each other and how they can be compared with each other. The aim of this paper is to find out Keywords: the differences and comparisons between these two approaches with explanation of some examples.
Improving Discharge Outcomes by Using a Standardized Risk Assessment and Intervention Tool Facilitated by Advanced Pediatric Providers
Authors: Patra Kamakshya P. , Mains Nicholas , Dalton Crystal , Welsh Jessica , Iheonunekwu Chizite , Dai Zheng , Murray Pamela J. , Fisher Erin S.
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVES:

Pediatric discharge from the inpatient setting is a complex, error-prone process. In this study, we evaluated the outcomes of using a standardized process for hospital discharge of pediatric patients.

METHODS:

A 1-year pre- and postintervention pilot study was designed to improve discharge transition of care. The bundle intervention, facilitated by advanced practice providers, included risk identification and intervention. Process and outcome metrics included patient satisfaction measures on the discharge domain (overall discharge, speed of discharge process, whether they felt ready for discharge), use of handouts, scheduling of follow-up appointments, and postdischarge phone call.

RESULTS:

Significant improvements were found in all aspects of patient satisfaction, including speed of the discharge process and instructions for discharge, discharge readiness, and the overall discharge process. Length of stay decreased significantly after intervention. The checklist identified ∼4% of discharges without a correct primary care physician. Significant differences were found for scheduled primary care appointment before discharge and patients receiving handouts. The bundle identified risks that may complicate transition of care in approximately half of the patients. Phone communication occurred with almost half of the patients after discharge.

CONCLUSIONS:

Integration of an evidence-based discharge checklist can improve processes, increase delivery of patient education, and improve patient and family perceptions of the discharge process. Involvement of key stakeholders, use of evidence-based interventions with local adaptation, and use of a consistent provider responsible for implementation can improve transitions of care.
SELECTION OF THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR THE USE OF ENROFLOXACIN IN CATS
Authors: Shivacheva Galya , Vasilev Miroslav
Published: January 2020

The process of changing the concentration of enrofloxacin in blood plasma in cats after single intravenous injection was identified by three mathematical models - algebraic and two models represented respectively by a first order differential equation and a second order differential equation. In order to select the best model of the three, the Akaike information criterion corrected is used. With the most identification parameters differs the model based on a second-order differential equation. The lowest value of the Akaike information criterion corrected was also obtained with it. This fact gives reason to choose it for the best model for describing the research process.
Talqin Dzikir Sebagai Metode Dakwah Jama’ah Dan Fardiyyah
Authors: Luthfi Danial
Published: January 2020

Perkembangan metode dakwah idelanya mampu mengimbangi perkembangan zaman. Hari ini ketika dakwah berhadapan dengan kondisi masyarakat modern, dakwah dituntut menggunakan metode yang relevan dengan karakteristik masyarakat modern. Masyarakat modern yang mengalami kehampaan dan kekeringan spiritualitas, ditambah dengan gaya hidup yang serbacepat, berhadapan dengan luangnya waktu mereka yang serba terbatas. Hal ini menuntut da’i mampu memilih metode yang bisa menjawab kondisi tersebut. Talqin dzikir adalah salah satu metode dakwah yang bisa mengakomodir kebutuhan ini. Selain karena waktunya yang singkat, juga bisa langsung menembus kesadaran batin yang ditaqin.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkap konsep dan proses talqin dzikir. Setelah itu, ingin mengetahui bagaimana keampuhan talqin dzikir dalam konteks keberhasilan dakwah. menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan mengambil metode studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan datanya dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan studi pustaka.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa talqin dzikir secara konseptual dan prosesnya merupakan metoda dakwah yang bisa menjawab problematika masyarakat modern. Selain itu, baik secara berjamaah maupun individual, talqin dzikir mampu mengantarkan peserta talqin pada tersentuhnya aspek margin al-‘âthifiy (emosional-spiritual); kedua, margin al-‘aqliy (rasional); dan terakhir margin alhissiy (inderawi).
Pengaruh Tradisi Sekatenan Terhadap Perilaku Keagamaan Masyarakat Yogyakarta
Authors: Al-Fajriyati Melati Indah
Published: January 2020

Dalam setiap agama-agama besar di Indonesia dikenal juga dengan adanya perayaan hari-hari besar keagamaan tertentu, sebut saja Islam. Dalam agama Islam dikenal juga ada Hari Raya Umat Islam yaitu Idul Fitri dan Idul Adha, ada juga memperingati hari kelahiran Nabi Muhammad SAW., yang dalam beberapa tradisi masyarakat berbeda-beda penyebutan dan tata caranya. Seperti di daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, disebut dengan istilah Tradisi Sekatenan. Artikel ini melihat Tradisi Sekatenan sebagai bagain dari kegiatan ritus dari Keraton Yogyakarta dan masyarakatnya. Perbedaan pola interaksi dan tingkah laku masyarakat Yogyakarta ini terus berakumulasi oleh waktu yang membawa tradisi ini bisa sampai hidup di masyarakat. Tradisi-tradisi ini memberikan kepercayaan tersendiri yang tumbuh di masyarakat. Kebudayaan asli Jawa yang bersifat transendental lebih cenderung pada paham animisme dan dinamisme. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif analitik. Menghasilkan adanya nilai-nilai Islam yang terkandung dalam Tradisi Sekatenan yang berbentuk simbol-simbol. Muatanmuatan religiusitas ke-Islaman masyarakat Keraton seiring dengan masuknya agama Islam ke Jawa adalah merupakan wujud dari falsafah “mikul dhuwur medem jero” (adalah gambaran, bagaimana Islam merangkul seluruh lapisan masyarakat, dari kalangan ningrat sampai masyarakat jelata. Menyentuh setiap aspek kehidupan, menarik dan mengaturnya dengan hukum dan norma-norma yang Islam ajarkan tapi tidak sampai meningglkan budaya yang sudah ada--pen) dari keraton terhadap perjuangan Wali Songo yang telah berhasil menyebarkan tuntutan Nabi Muhammad SAW.
Modelo de associação de molas em paralelo em atividades de ensino de Física: uma análise do domínio de validade
Authors: Campomanes Ricardo Robinson , Heidemann Leonardo Albuquerque , Veit Eliane Angela
Published: January 2020

Resumo Associações de molas são frequentemente exploradas no ensino de Física por meio de um modelo teórico que define a constante elástica equivalente de um conjunto de molas em paralelo como o somatório das constantes elásticas de cada uma das molas associadas. Como qualquer modelo científico, essa representação é construída assumindo uma série de idealizações que delimitam o seu domínio de validade. No referido modelo, pressupõe-se que, quando uma força é aplicada, as molas associadas distendem-se igualmente, ou seja, apresentam uma mesma deformação. Para o caso em que duas molas são usadas para sustentar um objeto verticalmente, dificilmente teremos essa condição respeitada. No presente artigo, apresentamos uma discussão sobre a associação de duas molas em paralelo sob a perspectiva do processo de modelagem segundo Bunge. Propomos uma expansão do modelo teórico tradicionalmente explorado considerando a associação de duas molas em paralelo que não se deformam igualmente. Apresentamos também uma contrastação empírica do modelo tradicional e do modelo expandido proposto. Entendemos que a discussão construída tem potencial para, além de proporcionar a mobilização de conhecimentos de Física básica, fomentar discussões sobre o papel representacional do conhecimento científico, possibilitando situações que demandam reflexões sobre a natureza da Ciência.