bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Specifying Shrinkage Limited Cement (Type SL)
Authors: Mohammadi J. , South W.
Published: September 2016

The Australian Standard AS 3972 specifies the maximum limit of 750 microstrain for the 28-day mortar drying shrinkage of samples prepared with shrinkage limited cement (Type SL). Although the current shrinkage limit is 750 microstrain, AS 3972 recommends a 600 microstrain for the maximum target or average of drying shrinkage of mortar samples. The lower recommended shrinkage level is justified in the Australian Standard by considering the inherent errors of the mortar drying shrinkage test method AS 2350.13, determined in 1997. The lower recommended shrinkage level is to provide a sufficient level of confidence that a single result obtained from different laboratories may not exceed the maximum limit of 750 microstrains. However, the “informative” recommendation of AS 3972 relating to the maximum average 600 microstrain shrinkage is considered a “normative” term by other specifiers in Australia such as road authorities and ATIC-SPEC SP-43. The current study investigated the past ten-years mortar drying shrinkage test results from round-robin proficiency programs of the major Australian laboratories to calculate the current inherent repeatability and reproducibility error of performing AS 2350.13 test. The average ten-year reproducibility error at 95 % confidence level was calculated 18.6 %, and therefore, it is recommended to increase the recommendation for the maximum average drying shrinkage guidance in Australian Standard AS 3972 Section A3.3.5 from 600 to 630 microstrain. Moreover, repeatability of test was calculated to be 6.3 %. This was equal to maximum of 44 microstrains for Type SL cement with maximum drying shrinkage of 750 microstrain. Results were compared with repeatability of other international test methods and some recommendations for improving the repeatability test procedure were provided for any future research in this area.
An Effective Preprocessor of Edge Detection for Distorted Images
Authors: Lee J.-S.
Published: September 2016

Edge detection is an intuitive strategy to figure out an object in digital images. Nevertheless, if an image is spread with noise such as ultrasonic noise, scanner noise, or camera noise, general edge detectors cannot perform effectively. In this paper, a preprocessor was provided to handle this issue. For each pixel in a speckle image, the preprocessor first determined whether it was noise or not. It then checked if it was located on an edge. According to the information, the preprocessor can define different weighted coefficients to equalize each pixel. After that, we can perform an edge detection mechanism on the processed image to draw the edge map. Experimental results showed that the preprocessor is able to effectively improve the performance of edge detection mechanism in speckle images.
Load-Separation Method, Spb, Used to Estimate Crack Extension for J-R Curves, Modified for Geometric Variations in Blunt-Notched Remaining Ligament
Authors: Wainstein J. , Perez Ipiña J. E.
Published: September 2016

The Spb method estimates stable crack growth in fracture mechanics precracked specimens test. It compares the load ratio between a precracked specimen that exhibits stable crack growth and a blunt-notched specimen with apparent constant crack length when tested at constant displacement. When it was applied to very tough material, it was found that blunt-notched remaining ligaments varied by as much as 11.83 %, affecting visibly the results. Therefore, to apply the Spb method to very tough material for which non-standard specimens could be used as coiled tubing, the methodology limits are investigated. In this work, particularly the effect of geometry changes through an incipient crack growth produced on the blunt-notched specimens for very tough materials is analyzed. Hence, a modified Spb method is presented that takes into account the change in geometry of the blunt-notched specimens. Results provided in this paper are quite encouraging.
Fabrication and Characterization of a Radial Ultrasonic Transducer
Authors: Yuan X. , Li C. , Geng H. , Zhai S. , Xu L. , Huang S.
Published: September 2016

A new type of radial ultrasonic transducer was fabricated in this study. The performances of five radial ultrasonic transducers of different thickness were investigated in this paper. It was found that the radial ultrasonic transducers possess the greatest sensitivity when the matching layer thickness is 2.5 mm. The addition of tungsten powder in the backing layer could effectively absorb noise, which improved the acoustic attenuation performance of the backing layer and their sensitivity. To study the directivity, the ultrasonic transducer was put into water. It was found that the transducer could achieve transmitting ultrasound in all radial directions and the ultrasonic signal is similar along all radial directions, i.e., the transducer exhibits isotropic properties, which makes it a good candidate for nondestructive testing of concrete when embedded in concrete elements and structures.
Smooth versus Textured Surfaces: Feature-Based Category Selectivity in Human Visual Cortex
Authors: Echavarria Cesar , Nasr Shahin , Tootell Roger
Published: September 2016

In fMRI studies, human lateral occipital (LO) cortex is thought to respond selectively to images of objects, compared with nonobjects. However, it remains unresolved whether all objects evoke equivalent levels of activity in LO, and, if not, which image features produce stronger activation. Here, we used an unbiased parametric texture model to predict preferred versus nonpreferred stimuli in LO. Observation and psychophysical results showed that predicted preferred stimuli (both objects and nonobjects) had smooth (rather than textured) surfaces. These predictions were confirmed using fMRI, for objects and nonobjects. Similar preferences were also found in the fusiform face area (FFA). Consistent with this: (1) FFA and LO responded more strongly to nonfreckled (smooth) faces, compared with otherwise identical freckled (textured) faces; and (2) strong functional connections were found between LO and FFA. Thus, LO and FFA may be part of an information-processing stream distinguished by feature-based category selectivity (smooth > textured).
Roche and Dinkeloo's Center for the Arts at Wesleyan University
Authors: Siry Joseph M.
Published: September 2016

From 1965 to 1973, Kevin Roche and John Dinkeloo created the Center for the Arts at Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticut. The center appears to be an essay in mid-twentieth-century modernism, directly expressing its varied interior programs in cubic volumes of limestone walls and reinforced concrete spans for floors and roofs. As Joseph M. Siry demonstrates in Roche and Dinkeloo's Center for the Arts at Wesleyan University: Classical, Vernacular, and Modernist Architecture in the 1960s, the Wesleyan Center for the Arts is a condensation of ideas from its context, including the seventeenth-century regional vernacular and the local Greek revival and contemporaneous modern architecture, including works of Le Corbusier, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, and Louis Kahn. This article broadens both our understanding of the creative process as an integration of multiple sources and our view of modernism's potential to innovate while fittingly engaging with earlier periods without duplicating their historical vocabularies.
Plasma membrane ion channels and epithelial to mesenchymal transition in cancer cells
Authors: Azimi Iman , Monteith Gregory R
Published: September 2016

A variety of studies have suggested that epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) may be important in the progression of cancer in patients through metastasis and/or therapeutic resistance. A number of pathways have been investigated in EMT in cancer cells. Recently, changes in plasma membrane ion channel expression as a consequence of EMT have been reported. Other studies have identified specific ion channels able to regulate aspects of EMT induction. The utility of plasma membrane ion channels as targets for pharmacological modulation make them attractive for therapeutic approaches to target EMT. In this review, we provide an overview of some of the key plasma membrane ion channel types and highlight some of the studies that are beginning to define changes in plasma membrane ion channels as a consequence of EMT and also their possible roles in EMT induction.
Yet some more non-finite axiomatizability results for algebras of relations and ways to avoid them
Authors: Ahmed Tarek Sayed
Published: September 2016

Let α be an infinite ordinal. Let RCAα denote the variety of representable cylindric algebras of dimension α. Modifying Andréka’s methods of splitting, we show that the variety RQEAα of representable quasi-polyadic equality algebras of dimension α is not axiomatized by a set of universal formulas containing only finitely many variables over the variety RQAα of representable quasi-polyadic algebras of dimension α. This strengthens a seminal result due to Sain and Thompson, answers a question posed by Andréka, and lifts to the transfinite a result of hers proved for finite dimensions > 2. Using the modified method of splitting, we show that all known complexity results on universal axiomatizations of RCAα (proved by Andréka) transfer to universal axiomatizations of RQEAα. From such results it can be inferred that any algebraizable extension of Lω,ω is severely incomplete if we insist on Tarskian square semantics. Ways of circumventing the strong non-negative axiomatizability results hitherto obtained in the first part of the paper, such as guarding semantics, and /or expanding the signature of RQEAω by substitutions indexed by transformations coming from a finitely presented subsemigroup of (ωω, ○) containing all transpositions and replacements, are surveyed, discussed, and elaborated upon.
On the refinements of Hadamard-type inequalities and their applications for cubature formulas
Authors: Hsu Kai-Chen
Published: September 2016

In this paper, we shall establish some Hadamard-type inequalities for differentiable coordinated convex functions in a rectangle from the plane in two variables. Through these inequalities, more precise estimates could be obtained. Some examples and applications to cubature formulas are also provided.
Le voyage de György Ottlik en Europe en 1942 l’avenir vu de Vichy et de Berlin
Authors: Montety Henri De
Published: September 2016

Au cours de l’été 1942, le journaliste György Ottlik fit un grand voyage en Europe au cours duquel il rencontra en particulier le maréchal Pétain, à Vichy, et le ministre de Hongrie à Berlin, Döme Sztojay. Ce fut pour lui l’occasion de prendre connaissance des réalités de l’antisémitisme en France et en Allemagne au moment où, en 1942, venaient d’avoir lieu les premières grandes rafles en France et où, en Allemagne, se profilait la mise en application de la solution finale. On peut notamment comparer les opinions d’Ottlik et de Sztojay sur la « question juive ».
La crucifixion transportée. L’Exemple de l’art contemporain Hongrois (1900–1980)
Authors: Ladous Régis
Published: September 2016

Comme dans d’autres régions de l’Europe, un nouvel art religieux s’est développé au seuil du XXe siècle en Hongrie, un art religieux, plus exactement au thème religieux, qui se situe en dehors des commandes et de la surveillance de l’Église. Adoptant les styles de l’époque, expressionnistes, cubistes, surréalistes, ces oeuvres posent la question du rapport entre le sacré et le profane, dans le contexte politique complexe échangeant qui fut celui de la Hongrie pendant cette période.
In Search of Sibakh
Authors: Quickel Anthony T. , Williams Gregory
Published: September 2016

Excavation and survey reports from Egypt make regular reference to sabakhin digging and its disruption of the archaeological site’s stratigraphy. This search for agricultural fertilizer, and the resulting destruction of stratified contexts, was commonplace throughout Egypt in the 19th and 20th centuries. The appreciation, however, of the value of salt- and nitrogen-rich sediments often found in ancient ruins is specifically attested in medieval manuals that address issues of agricultural soil quality in Egypt. The exploitation of ruins has likely been a long, ongoing process in Egypt’s history, much to the detriment of studying the medieval period from an archaeological perspective. Particularly disturbed, in many cases, are the most readily available layers at or near the surface, which contain evidence of Egypt’s more recent past. In light of this history of disruption and the interpretation of sibakh in archaeological contexts, our view of late antique and medieval occupation in Egypt should be reconsidered, or perhaps, reimagined.
Growing District Partisan Homogeneity and the Decline of the Personal Vote in U.S. House Elections
Authors: Born Richard
Published: September 2016

Despite decline in the magnitude of U.S. House members’ personal vote, reelection safety has not been impaired. Oppenheimer’s explanation for this seeming paradox rests upon the growing partisan homogeneity of House districts; i.e., incumbents presumably reduced their level of constituency service knowing that any resulting attrition in their personal vote would be compensated by a more substantial partisan vote. My study uncovers some evidence to back up this explanation. I indeed find that members from safer partisan districts have been perceived by constituents as less engaged in constituency activity and that such activity has declined somewhat over time. The electoral consequences of reduction in constituency engagement, however, seem too small to have been a major cause of the attenuation in the personal vote.
Barack Obama and the South
Authors: Bullock, III Charles
Published: September 2016

Despite a tradition of racism, the South contributed to Barack Obama’s election as President. Obama won more electors than any Democratic nominee since 1976 although he did not carry the region. Obama’s mixed performance has spawned conflicting interpretations concerning the presence of racism among the region’s whites. Evidence of discrimination is at most mixed. Obama performed less well than Kerry among whites in states that have experienced less growth but elsewhere equaled or exceeded Kerry’s 2004 performance. When compared with statewide Democratic candidates, Obama attracted less of the white vote than went to winners but exceeded the performance of losers. Two other possible manifestations of a racist reaction to Obama in the South also failed to materialize. Across the region there was no Bradley effect nor was there a substantial mobilization among white voters.
Clinical and radiological correlations in patients with gestational trophoblastic disease
Authors: Lima Lana de Lourdes Aguiar , Parente Raphael Câmara Medeiros , Maestá Izildinha , Amim Junior Joffre , Rezende Filho Jorge Fonte de , Montenegro Carlos Antonio Barbosa , Braga Antônio
Published: September 2016

Abstract Gestational trophoblastic disease is an abnormality of pregnancy that encompasses a group of diseases that differ from each other in their propensity for regression, invasion, metastasis, and recurrence. In the past, it was common for patients with molar pregnancy to present with marked symptoms: copious bleeding; theca lutein cysts; uterus larger than appropriate for gestational age; early preeclampsia; hyperemesis gravidarum; and hyperthyroidism. Currently, with early diagnosis made by ultrasound, most patients are diagnosed while the disease is still in the asymptomatic phase. In cases of progression to trophoblastic neoplasia, staging-typically with Doppler flow studies of the pelvis and chest X-ray, although occasionally with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging-is critical to the choice of an appropriate antineoplastic therapy regimen. Because it is an unusual and serious disease that affects women of reproductive age, as well as because its appropriate treatment results in high cure rates, it is crucial that radiologists be familiar with gestational trophoblastic disease, in order to facilitate its early diagnosis and to ensure appropriate follow-up imaging.
PATIENT SAFETY CLIMATE AT A PRIVATE HOSPITAL
Authors: Barbosa Maria Helena , Floriano Daniela Rosa , Oliveira Karoline Faria de , Nascimento Kleiton Gonçalves do , Ferreira Lúcia Aparecida
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Evaluate the patient safety climate from the perspective of the health team members at a medium-sized private hospital in a city in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil and check for relations between the sociodemographic variables and the safety climate scores. This is a descriptive, exploratory and correlational study, conducted with 123 health professionals, with approval from the Research Ethics Committee. Data were collected using the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire. For analysis, we used Student's t-test, analysis of variance and Spearman's correlation (α = 0.05). The general score on the instrument was 67.50. The best domain score was found for job satisfaction (82.79) and the lowest for perceived management (58.90) and working conditions (59.58). No differences were found between the sexes, education level, presence of other employment or professional activities. The safety climate scores observed were lower than the scores recommended in the literature.
Integrando educação e trabalho: o caso do permanecer sus da secretaria da saúde do estado da Bahia
Authors: Figueredo Wilton Nascimento , Véras Renata Meira
Published: September 2016

Resumo Este artigo teve por objetivo analisar as contribuições do Permanecer SUS, programa da Secretaria da Saúde do Estado da Bahia, para a formação dos estudantes e futuros profissionais de saúde. A pesquisa teve abordagem qualitativa na perspectiva da etnografia institucional. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com vinte estudantes de saúde participantes do programa em 2015. Os resultados apontaram para a efetividade do Permanecer SUS. Constataram-se a valorização do trabalho em equipe de forma interdisciplinar, a desarticulação de redes e a necessidade de abordagens na formação desses estudantes acerca da humanização e do acolhimento. Em contrapartida, verificou-se deficiência na compreensão de rede por parte dos profissionais de saúde já atuantes da unidade, o que pode dificultar uma assistência integral. Concluiu-se que o programa Permanecer SUS oportuniza o diálogo, a ressignificação da formação e a comunicação entre os integrantes e futuros profissionais de saúde, estimulando os estudantes a trabalharem em redes no Sistema Único de Saúde.
Checklist de Angiospermas do Parque Estadual de Itaúnas, Espírito Santo, Brasil
Authors: Souza Wenia de O. , Machado Jéssica O. , Tognella Mônica M.P. , Alves-Araújo Anderson
Published: September 2016

Resumo Um checklist das espécies de Angiospermas provenientes do Parque Estadual de Itaúnas, Espírito Santo, Brasil é apresentado. As coletas foram realizadas quinzenalmente durante o período de 2012 a 2015 e as amostras botânicas estão depositadas no Herbário VIES. Os resultados estão apresentados em forma de lista com um total de 562 espécies distribuídas em 345 gêneros e 110 famílias com suas respectivas formas de vida: arbustos e árvores; ervas terrestres; trepadeiras; epífitas e hemiepífitas; ervas aquáticas, parasitas (holo- e hemi-) e micoheterótrofas (saprófitas). Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Cyperaceae, Rubiaceae, Bromeliaceae, Apocynaceae, Orchidaceae, Poaceae, Bignoniaceae e Melastomataceae são as famílias mais ricas em número de espécies. Os gêneros Eugenia (16 spp.) (Myrtaceae), Passiflora (10 spp.) (Passifloraceae), Myrcia (9 spp.) (Myrtaceae), Cyperus (7 spp.), Chamaecrista (Fabaceae) e Miconia (Melastomataceae) (6 spp., cada) são os mais representativos. A maioria dos checklists anteriormente realizados para o Espírito Santo apresenta números subestimados para a diversidade taxonômica de plantas. Os resultados aqui evidenciados confirmam a enorme importância ecológica das restingas na Mata Atlântica do Parque Estadual de Itaúnas.
Efeitos da fragmentação na fenologia reprodutiva de espécies arbóreas presentes em borda e interior de Mata Atlântica Paraibana
Authors: Fortunato Márcia Emanuelle Madruga , Quirino Zelma Glebya Maciel
Published: September 2016

Resumo Fragmentação de habitats causa a perda da biodiversidade e pode alterar os padrões reprodutivos das espécies. Estudos fenológicos auxiliam a compreensão dos eventos cíclicos vegetais e dinâmica ecossistêmica. Objetivou-se correlacionar os eventos reprodutivos com as variáveis climáticas, classificar as espécies quanto à sucessão ecológica e síndromes de dispersão e comparar os padrões reprodutivos entre borda e interior. Foram acompanhados 155 indivíduos (96 borda e 59 interior), entre agosto/2008 e agosto/2010 em observações mensais das fenofases reprodutivas, utilizando índice de atividade e intensidade de Fournier. A produção de flores e frutos foi observada ao longo dos anos, sendo a frutificação com maior duração do que a floração. Os eventos reprodutivos foram mais intensos na borda. A intensidade de Fournier foi similar ao índice de atividade das fenofases. O padrão fenológico foi "steady state" e contínuo, sendo a maioria das espécies anuais. Borda e interior apresentaram a mesma época de ocorrência das fenofases, com atividade e intensidade reprodutiva dos indivíduos maiores na borda. Espécies pioneiras foram mais comuns na borda e secundárias no interior. Zoocoria foi mais frequente em ambas áreas. Não foram encontradas correlações significativas entre fenologia e clima, sugerindo a ação de outros fatores para indução da reprodução.
Structural development of the fruits and seeds in three mistletoe species of Phoradendron (Visceae: Santalaceae)
Authors: Polli Anderson , Souza Luiz Antonio de , Almeida Odair José Garcia de
Published: September 2016

Abstract Phoradendron is a New World genus of chlorophyllous hemiparasite plants with the distribution extending from the United States to Argentina, including the West Indies. The names given to the fruits within the Visceae are variable and include a viscous berry or pseudoberry bearing a single seed lacking the testa. Here, it was performed an anatomical study about the development of fruit and seed of three species of Phoradendron. During the fruit development the structure of the mesocarp undergoes intense activity of cell division, and it differentiates onto two new mesocarpic regions: the parenchyma and the viscid layer. In its maturity, the seed is ategmic, presenting the embryo entirely embedded within a chlorophyllous endosperm. The occurrence of chlorophyll in the endosperm may be associated to absence of integuments on the seed, which allows the light to reach the seminal tissues throughout the somewhat transparent pericarp. In addition, the Pomaceous fruit, "viscidio" type is proposed as an alternative classification for Phoradendron fruits.
A perspectiva de Michael Apple para os estudos das políticas educacionais
Authors: Gandin Luís Armando , Lima Iana Gomes de
Published: September 2016

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as contribuições de Michael Apple para o campo da pesquisa em políticas educacionais. Na extensa obra de Michael Apple, destacamos seis elementos que podem auxiliar aqueles que estão interessados na área de políticas em educação: o princípio epistemológico da análise relacional; o exame do Estado como relação; a herança de Antonio Gramsci e de Raymond Williams que Michael Apple incorpora no uso de conceitos como hegemonia e senso comum; a análise que Michael Apple faz das políticas educacionais como políticas culturais, como disputas por visão de mundo, como luta por consolidação de uma hegemonia que vai além do econômico; a sua postura de pesquisador; e a capacidade que Michael Apple tem de ir além da lógica da reprodução e determinação para enfatizar o papel da agência e da contra-hegemonia. Através de exemplos práticos da própria obra de Apple e de outras pesquisas empíricas, apresentam-se as implicações de cada um dos seis pontos acima citados para os pesquisadores interessados na área de políticas educacionais. Conclui-se que muitas das contribuições de Apple podem auxiliar em pesquisas nessa área, tendo em vista a discussão que o autor realiza em sua obra e sua crítica ao determinismo econômico nas análises do campo educacional, salientando a importância, assim, de aspectos que estão relacionados à esfera da cultura.
A cor da reprovação: fatores associados à reprovação dos alunos do ensino médio
Authors: Franceschini Vanessa Lima Caldeira , Miranda-Ribeiro Paula , Gomes Marília Miranda Forte
Published: September 2016

Resumo Atualmente, o ensino fundamental (EF) está praticamente universalizado no Brasil e as taxas de escolarização bruta e líquida têm aumentado no ensino médio (EM). Apesar dos avanços, os resultados educacionais fornecidos pelos órgãos governamentais demonstram que o desempenho dos alunos, tanto no EF quanto no EM, tem declinado para diferentes subgrupos da população. Particularmente, alguns trabalhos têm evidenciado diferenciais educacionais importantes, segundo sexo e raça. No entanto, os estudos voltados para se entender quais os fatores associados ao desempenho escolar são, em sua maioria, direcionados para o EF. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho é verificar a relação entre raça/cor, segundo sexo, para os adolescentes matriculados no 2º ano do EM, em escolas da rede estadual de ensino (REE) de nove municípios mineiros integrantes da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte (RMBH). Os dados utilizados foram os da Pesquisa Jovem (PJ) e os do Censo Escolar, referentes ao ano de 2009, e foram aplicados modelos multivariados de regressão logística. No geral, os resultados mostraram diferenciais importantes segundo raça/cor e sexo. Os riscos de reprovação no 2º ano do EM foram maiores para aqueles que se autodeclararam como sendo da raça/cor parda, sendo a situação ainda pior para o sexo feminino (OR=2,23) comparada ao sexo masculino (OR=1,66).
Narrativas autobiográficas de surdos ou de pessoas com deficiência visual: análise de identidades e de representações
Authors: Müller Janete Inês ,   Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Farroupilha,  Brazil, Mianes Felipe Leão ,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,  Brazil,   Universidade Luterana do Brasil,  Brazil,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,  Brazil
Published: September 2016

Resumo: Articulado aos estudos culturais em educação, objetiva analisar os processos identitários e as representações de sujeitos surdos ou com deficiência visual, problematizando relatos escolares em narrativas autobiográficas. Assim, investigam-se oito obras que circulam no mercado editorial, percorrendo diferentes espaços e tempos, de modo a conferir um panorama sobre as experiências de in/exclusão de "sujeitos considerados diferentes" nas escolas comuns, sobretudo no ensino fundamental. No diálogo com teorizações sobre narrativas de si, identidades e representações, a análise do material empírico possibilita observar a dificuldade em acessar e garantir uma educação inclusiva a sujeitos surdos ou com deficiência visual. Narrando e resistindo a representações pejorativas, esses sujeitos tensionam processos de normalização, autoafirmam suas posições identitárias em grupos minoritários e reivindicam o direito à diferença. Uma inclusão não excludente permite a acolhida ao diferente e a "sensação de inclusão", potencializando suas possibilidades de aprendizagem.
Backwater effect of multiple bridges along Huaihe River, China
Authors: Wang Hao , Tang Hongwu , Xu Xinhua , Xiao Jianfeng , Liang Dongfang
Published: September 2016

This study investigated the backwater effect of the eight bridges along the Huaihe River in China using physical model experiments. The experimental data obtained were used to derive equations to parameterise the backwater effect of a single bridge. The cumulative effect of two bridges was then analysed, using the backwater effect of a single bridge as a reference. It was found that, in order to eliminate the cumulative effect, the minimum distance between two bridges should be no less than 215 times the bridge pier width.
APEGO E INSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Torres Cláudia Vaz
Published: September 2016

Resumo.Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o apego no contexto de institucionalização de crianças que construíram as suas infâncias no entorno das prisões, enquanto as mães cumpriram pena de reclusão em unidades do sistema prisional. A base teórica do tema proposto centra-se na abordagem culturalista, e social. A pesquisa desenvolvida durante o Doutorado em educação pretendeu responder à indagação: Como as crianças vivenciam a experiência do cárcere do pai e/ou mãe? Metodologicamente se define como uma pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo Estudo de Caso Etnográfico que permitiu o conhecimento dos significados e experiências culturais da infância através de uma descrição que apontou o sentido que as crianças dão a vida carcerária, como interpretam e estruturam, a partir desse sentido, o seu mundo. Foi constatado que o desenvolvimento de uma criança na penitenciária pode ser caracterizado por uma construção de apego em que a criança experimen ta ciclos de proteção e ao mesmo tempo de afastamento e consequentemente desproteção. As crianças vivenciam conflitos porque veem e sentem a situação de aprisionamento e punição do familiar, convivem num contexto de institucionalização no Abrigo e enfrentam a condição de pertencer a um grupo: filhos de presidiários.Palavras-chave: Infância. Apego. Sistema prisional.Abstract.This study aims to analyze the attachment in the context of institutionalization of children who have built their childhoods around prisons, while their mothers were in the prison system. The theoretical basis of the subject focuses on the culturalist and social approach. The research developed during the PhD in education aimed to answer the question: How do children, experience the imprisonment of their father and / or mother? Methodologically defined as a qualitative research and Ethnographic Case Study, it allowed to know the meanings and cultural experiences of childhood through a description that showed the meaning that children give to life in prision and how they interpret and build their world through this sense development of a child in prison can be characterizedby a construction of attachment where the child experiences cycles of protection and at the same time have distance and therefore unprotected feeling. Children experience conflicts because they see and feel the situation of imprisonment and punishment of the family, living in a context of institutionalization in shelter and face the fact of belonging to a group: children of prisoners.Keywords: Childhoods. Attachment. Penitentiary system.
QUALIDADE DA VINCULAÇÃO E COMPORTAMENTO ANTISSOCIAL NA INFÂNCIA
Authors: Henriques Brigite Micaela
Published: September 2016

Resumo.Os laços afectivos entre as crianças e os pais são considerados bastante relevantes para o desenvolvimento do comportamento pró-social e antissocial. Apesar das mudanças sociais, a família tem sido considerada como um factor decisivo no desenvolvimento de comportamentos disruptivos. A investigação tem procurado compreender se a qualidade da vinculação estabelecida com as figuras de vinculação está ou não associada a futuros comportamentos disruptivos das crianças. Este artigo assenta na revisão da literatura, cujo objectivo consiste sintetizar alguns dos estudos realizados, para a compreensão e explicação da relação entre a vinculação e os problemas de comportamento da criança.Palavras-chave: vinculação; comportamento antissocial.Abstract.The parent-child attachment is considered highly relevant to the development of prosocial and antisocial behavior. Even though the social changes, the family has been considered as a decisive factor in the development of disruptive behaviors. Research has sought to understand if the quality of the attachment established with the attachment figures (usually the parents) is or isn’t associated with future disruptive behaviour disorders in children. This article is a literature review, whose main purpose is to synthesize some of the studies, to understanding and explaining the relationship between attachment and behavior disorders in children.Keywords: attachment; antisocial behavior.
ENSEÑANZA EN LA EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA Y VALORES: DIFERENCIAS ENTRE ESPAÑA E ITALIA
Authors: Di Loreto Martina , Caggiano Valeria , Carbonero Miguel Ángel
Published: September 2016

Abstract:TEACHING PRIMARY SCHOOL AND VALUES: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SPAIN AND ITALYPrimary School teachers carry out a crucial role in education and future adults development, therefore it turns out to be fundamental to study their educational styles to identify the necessary competencies and skills to provide an education as complete and balanced as possible. The present research, starting from the already undertaken Spanish studies using the ECAD-EP scale (Self- Percieved Competencies Evaluation Scale), aims to investigate theaching styles inside an italian sample of primary school’s theachers, to compare them with the Spanish datas. Beside that, it deepens the personal values topic, to highlight the latter’s influence on theachers’ theaching styles.Keywords: teaching style; teachers’ evaluation; teachers’ values ; teachers’ self perceived competence; international comparisons between teachers; primary schoolResumen:Los docentes de escuela primaria tienen un rol crucial en la educación y desarrollo de los futuros adultos , por lo tanto, el estudio de sus estilos de enseñanza es fundamental para identificar las competencias y habilidades necesarias para proporcionar una educación lo más completa y equilibrada posible. En la presente investigación, a partir de los estudios ya realizados en España a través de la escala ECAD-EP escala (Escala de Evaluación de la Competencia Autopercibida Docente en Educación Primaria), tiene el objetivo de investigar los estilos de enseñanza en una muestra de docentes italianos de escuela primaria, para hacer una comparación con los datos de España. Además, se explora el tema de los valores personales , para poner de relieve la influencia de este últimos sobre el estilo de enseñanza de los docentes.Palabras clave: estilo de enseñanza; evaluación de los docentes; valores de los docentes; competencia autopercibida de los docentes; comparaciones internacionales entre docentes; escuela primaria.
PROGRAMA PARA EL INCREMENTO DE LA EFICIENCIA LECTORA EN ALUMNOS ADOLESCENTES CON BAJA VISIÓN
Authors: Santos Plaza Carlos Manuel , Del Campo Adrián Mª Elena
Published: September 2016

Abstract:This research describes the design and development of an optimization program addressed to improve the reading efficiency of student with low vision, EFILECT. An individualized programme for adolescent students, aged 11 to 18, with moderate or severe low vision. EFILECT allows them to apply an intervention program based on a combined model of procedures like: repeated reading, joint reading and speed reading techniques. EFILECT program has been applied in a study involving 6 students with visual impairment and reading difficulties. The group of students participating in the research have got a significant improvement in the reading efficacy. In this article we performe a single-subject analysis of 3 students. Acording to the results EFILECT appears to be an effective program for some students with visual impairments. Teachers can engage children in programs addressed to implement strategies in an effort to develop automaticity in reading and improve comprehension. However a more in depth research is needed in order to develop and validate programs addressed to implement strategies. These strategies will allow to optimize and minimize the learning efforts.Keywords: Education. Visual rehabilitation. Students with low vision. Reading skills.Resumen:Esta investigación describe el diseño y desarrollo de un programa para incrementar la eficiena lectora de estudiantes con baja visión, EFILECT. Un programa individualizado para estudiantes adolescentes, de 11 a 18 años, con baja visión moderada o severa. EFILECT ha propuesto una intervención basada en la combinación de tres procedimientos: el método de “lecturas repetidas”, la lectura conjunta y las técnicas de lectura rápida. Ha sido aplicado en un estudio con 6 estudiantes con deficiencia visual y dificultades lectoras. El grupo de estudiantes participantes en esta investigación han obtenido una significativo incremento de su eficiencia lectora. En este artículo se realiza un análisis de caso único de tres de los alumnos. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos EFILECT es un programa eficiente para algunos de los estudiantes con deficiencia visual. Los profesores pueden utilizar con sus alumnos programas diseñados para implementar estrategias con el objetivo de automatizar la lectura e incrementar la comprensión. No obstante es necesario investigaciones adicionales para desarrollar y validar programas que tengan como objetivo implementar estrategias. Estas estrategias permitirán optimizar y minimizar los esfuerzos de aprendizaje.Palabras clave: Educación. Rehabilitación visual. Alumnos con baja visión. Lectura. Habilidades lectoras.
RELACIÓN ENTRE LA VARIABLE BÚSQUEDA DE SENSACIONES Y LA CONDUCTA DE ABUSO DE INTERNET EN ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Lara Ortega Fernando , Pérez de Albéniz Garrote Gloria
Published: September 2016

Abstract:RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SENSATION SEEKING VARIABLE AND ITS RELATION TO THE ABUSE OF INTERNET IN ADOLESCENTSIn the present work, we analyse the relationship between the components of the sensation seeking variable and its relation to the abuse of internet. A sample was taken of 634 students who were enrolled in Burgos capital in their second degree of Compulsory Secondary Education and Non-Compulsory Secondary Education. The aim of our study is to clarify some questions about the consequences that the abuse of Information and Communication Technology can be generating in our younger population, in order to improve the precociousness in the diagnosis and propose alternatives and educational answers, so as to prevent and guide adolescents.Keywords: Abuse, Technologies, sensation seeking, Adolescents.Resumen:En este estudio pretendemos analizar la relación existente entre los componentes de la variable búsqueda de sensaciones (búsqueda de emociones, búsqueda de experiencias, susceptibilidad al aburrimiento y desinhibición) y la conducta de abuso de internet. La muestra utilizada fue de 634 alumnos, escolarizados en centros de Burgos capital, que cursan segundo ciclo de ESO y Bachillerato. Es importante conocer los indicadores de uso disfuncional de las TIC para afinar la precocidad en los diagnósticos y diseñar estrategias adecuadas de prevención. Creemos que puede ser un estudio que contribuya a mejorar los posteriores programas preventivos.Palabras clave: Abuso, Tecnologías, Búsqueda de Sensaciones, Adolescencia.
INTERNET, CIBERSEXO Y CONSUMO DE ALCOHOL: ESTUDIO PRELIMINAR EN ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Castro Calvo Jesús , Ballester Arnal Rafael , Gil Llario Maria Dolores , Morell Mengual Vicente , Salmerón Sanchez Pedro
Published: September 2016

Abstract:The widespread use of the Internet has facilitated that young people become sexually active on the Internet. Some studies suggest that alcohol consumption or abuse of Internet are factors that influence the practice of cybersex. For this reason, we propose this work in order to explore the relationship between these variables and cybersex. Taking a sample of 127 students 14 years old, we have found that there is a deep relationship between Internet abuse, cybersex, and different aspects of alcohol consumption. From these results, we discuss important implications for the nosological status and general knowledge of Internet sex.Keywords: Cybersex, Internet addiction, Alcohol, teenagersResumen:El uso generalizado de Internet ha facilitado que cada vez sean más los jóvenes que inician su actividad sexual en Internet. Algunos estudios apuntan que el consumo de alcohol o el abuso de Internet son factores que influyen en la práctica del cibersexo, por lo que planteamos este trabajo con el objetivo de explorar la relación entre cibersexo y las variables mencionadas. Tomando una muestra de 127 estudiantes de 14 años, se constata que efectivamente existe una profunda relación entre consumo abusivo de Internet y cibersexo, y que éstas a su vez se relacionan con distintos  aspectos del consumo de alcohol. De estos resultados se derivan importantes implicaciones para el estatus nosológico y el conocimiento general del sexo en Internet.Palabras clave: Cibersexo, adicción a Internet, alcohol, Adolescentes
Role of microRNA in oncogenesis of pituitary tumors and their practical significance
Authors: Lapshina A M , Khandaeva P M , Belaya Zh E , Rozhinskaya L Ya , Melnichenko G A
Published: September 2016

Microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs that regulate posttranscriptional gene expression. These molecules are regulators of cell proliferation, metabolism, apoptosis, and differentiation. MiRNAs are not degraded by RNAases and their concentrations can be measured in different body fluids, including serum. The expression of miRNAs varies in intact tissues and tumors, including pituitary adenomas. Pituitary tumors are encountered in 22.5% of the population and, in a number of cases, may be asymptomatic, but in case of invasion or/and hormone overproduction, their clinical presentation is severe with multiple symptoms leading to disability and even death. The mechanisms for the development and progression of pituitary tumors and the markers for remission and recurrence have not been adequately investigated. This literature review discusses the biological significance of miRNAs in pituitary tumors and the potential value of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers.
Neuroprotective and nephroprotective effects of remote postconditioning: Prospects for clinical use
Authors: Maslov L N , Tsibulnikov S Yu , Tsepokina A V , Khutornaya M V , Kutikhin A G , Tsibulnikova M R , Basalay M V , Mrochek A G
Published: September 2016

The results of experimental and clinical studies strongly suggest that remote ischemic preconditioning (RIP) has no neuroprotective effect during cardiac surgery performed under extracorporeal circulation. Remote preconditioning (RP) has no neuroprotective effect in hemorrhagic stroke. A randomized multicenter study is needed to evaluate the efficiency RIP in patients with ischemic stroke. RP reduces the severity of ischemia/reperfusion kidney injury during transplantation. RIP has been established to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy. There is a need for a multicenter trial to evaluate the efficiency of RIP in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Analysis of the presented data indicates that RIP fails to prevent cardiorenal syndrome in infants and children during cardiac surgery. The data available in the literature on the capacity of RIP to provide nephroprotective effect in patients after coronary artery bypass surgery are discordant and indicative of the advisability of a multicenter study.
Non-drug rehabilitation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease concurrent with hypertension
Authors: Sevostyanova E V , Nikolaev Yu A , Bogdankevich N V , Lusheva V G , Markova E N , Dolgova N A
Published: September 2016

Aim. To evaluate the efficiency of decimeter wave therapy and halotherapy, which were additionally added to basic therapy, in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) concurrent with hypertension at the inpatient stage. Subject and methods. 36 patients aged 20 to 75 years with Stages I—II COPD concurrent with Stages I—II, first-second grade hypertension were examined and treated. The clinical examination included collection of complaints and medical history data, clinical laboratory and instrumental (electrocardiography, spirography) studies, and health-related quality of life (using the SF-36 questionnaire). The patients were randomized into two groups: a study group and a comparison group. The study group patients received decimeter wave therapy and halotherapy in addition to basic drug treatment; the comparison patients had basic drug therapy. Results. Pre- and postoperative comparative analysis of the major clinical manifestations of comorbidities revealed more pronounced positive changes with the lower rate of clinical manifestations in the study group. It was also observed to have a more marked reduction in blood pressure (BP) with its goal levels achieved. The mean pulse BP decreased by 28% in the study group (p=0.000005) and did not statistically reduced in the comparison group. In the study group patients, the integral quality-of-life indicator after a package of medical rehabilitation measures became statistically significantly higher by 35%. This indicator in the comparison group was statistically significantly unchanged. Conclusion. The directionality of the proposed rehabilitation complex towards the common pathogenetic components of the development and progression of COPD and hypertension, as well as the high efficiency of the complex justify its appropriate inclusion in the combination treatment and rehabilitation of this category of patients.
Blood fatty acids in the development and correction of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Novgorodtseva T P , Denisenko Yu K , Antonyuk M V , Yubitskaya N S , Lobanova E G , Zhukova N V
Published: September 2016

Aim. To investigate the composition of plasma fatty acids (FA) and red blood cells and the level of eicosanoids in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) and to assess whether metabolic disturbances may be corrected during a cycle use of an ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). Subjects and methods. Examinations were made in 46 patients, including Group 1 (a control group) of 15 persons without MS components; Group 2 of 31 patients with MS, Group 3 of 16 MS patients who had taken an ω-3 PUFA for 6 months, and Group 4 of 15 MS patients who had received the drug for 12 months. The composition of plasma FA and red blood cells was analyzed on a gas-liquid chromatograph. An enzyme immunoassay was used to measure the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and eicosanoids (thromboxane B2, 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α, leukotriene B4). A biologically active additive from the king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica) hepatopancreas was used as a source of ω-3 PUFA. Results. Having a higher proportion of linoleic and α-linolenic acids in the plasma, the patients were found to have decreased levels of ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs (linoleic and α-linolenic, arachidonic, and eicosapentaenoic acids) and a larger proportion of Mead acid and saturated FAs (myristic and stearic acids) in the red blood cells, suggesting that that cellular blood FA transfer was impaired and FAs were absorbed by cells. Their serum samples showed the high levels of leukotriene B4, 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α, and thromboxane A2. The long-term (6- and 12-month) use of ω-3 PUFA from the king crab hepatopancreas had a positive impact in modifying the lipid FA composition of red blood cells and in eliminating deficiencies of physiologically important ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs in the blood cells. Conclusion. The findings suggest that FAs and their metabolites play an important role in the pathogenesis of MS and that dietary ω-3 PUFA should be incorporated into a package of preventive and therapeutic measures for MS.