bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of peppermint and anise oil and pesticide SIVANTO in the control of Culex pipiens (Diptera:Culicidae) mosquitoes
Authors: Hamed Yousef Shahad , Ahmed Mustafa Harith , Hussein Alwan Liqaa
Published: October 2022

The study dealt with the effect of peppermint oil and anise oil and the pesticide SIVANTO in the control of C. pipiens mosquitoes, and the concentrations used for peppermint oil and anise oil and pesticide SIVANTO (0.5,1,1.5,2) the lowest killing rate for peppermint oil was 2.6% after 48 hours of treatment, and the highest killing rate was 4.6% after 48 hours Of the treatment, while anise oil had the lowest killing rate of 3.3% after 48 hours of treatment, and the highest killing rate of 4.6% after 48 hours of treatment, and the lowest killing rate of SIVANTO was 8% after 48 hours of treatment, and the highest killing rate of 10% after treatment. 48 hours of treatment compared to the control treatment in which no homicide occurred.
In the concrete jungle: the animalivorous bat Tonatia bidens (Phyllostomidae) recorded in the metropolis of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Siniciato Terra Garbino Guilherme , Ruckert da Rosa Adriana , Cardoso de Oliveira Débora
Published: October 2022

Most of the synanthropic bat species in Brazil are insectivores and frugivores. The greater round-eared bat, Tonatia bidens, is an animalivore, feeding on insects and small vertebrates, and roosts in tree cavities and rock crevices. It has been captured in forested areas of northern Argentina, as well as eastern Brazil and Paraguay. Despite their relative generalist habits and although T. bidens has been recorded in large forest remnants inside cities, we report here for the first time an individual found inside the garage of a house in an urban area of São Paulo city. We suggest that the lack of suitable roosting sites, rather than prey, is the limiting factor for the presence of this species in urban areas. However, this assumption needs to be investigated more robustly.
Influencia de la cuarentena por la pandemia covid-19 en la salud mental de las personas adultas que residen en la ciudadela William Reyes
Authors: Pico Wong Eliana María , Sampedro Martínez Juliana Lissette , Guerrero Reyes Carlos Daniel , Suarez Rivera Carla Julia
Published: October 2022

Introducción: Las personas sometidas a una cuarentena masiva en el hogar y en la comunidad, son vulnerables a los trastornos de salud mental durante los brotes de la enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19), pero pocos estudios han evaluado los factores psicosociales asociados. Objetivo: Determinar la influencia de la cuarentena por la pandemia COVID-19, en la salud mental de las personas adultas que residen en la ciudadela William Reyes. Materiales y Métodos: El método de investigación a realizar es cuantitativa, no experimental, transversal y de campo; será realizada a través de una entrevista a las personas con el objetivo de conocer las vivencias que han mantenido durante la cuarentena. Resultados: Al relacionar las variables de según la instrucción con la presencia de síntomas psicológicos, se encuentra que del 87.50% que está en nivel superior, solo presentan alteraciones en la salud mental el 42,80%; el 57,14% no presentan alteraciones; mientras que el 12.5% que está en nivel secundario, el 50% si presentan alteraciones. Conclusión: La salud mental tiene mucha relación con lo que hace a la persona más humana y así como en la forma en que interactúa, se relaciona, conoce, aprende y siente; ya que el mantener una salud mental adecuada, hace que se puedan desempeñar funciones básicas con la familia y sociedad. 
SUMMARYIntroduction: People subjected to mass quarantine at home and in the community, are vulnerable to mental health disorders during outbreaks of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), but few studies have evaluated the associated psychosocial factors. Objective: Determine the influence of quarantine by  the COVID-19 pandemic, in the mental health of adults residing in the William Reyes Citadel. Materials and methods: The research method to be carried out it is quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional and field; will be done through a interviews people with the aim of knowing the experiences they have had during quarantine. Results: By relating the variables according to the instruction with the presence of psychological symptoms, it is found that of the 87.50% that is in higher level, only 42.80% present alterations in mental health; 57.14% did not present alterations; while 12.5% who are at the secondary level, 50% ifshow alterations. Conclusion: Mental health is closely related to what makes the person more human and as well as in the way in which he interacts, relates, know, learn and feel; since maintaining adequate mental health makes can perform basic functions with the family and society
Aplicación de la medicina ancestral como alternativa ante una alteración de salud
Authors: Moyolema Mónica , Moyano Calero William
Published: October 2022

Introducción: La medicina ancestral a lo largo de los años ha ido adquiriendo mayor valor y aceptación por parte de la población, esto se debe a lo impresionante que ha evolucionado y ha adquirido conocimientos en diversos ámbitos basados en teorías, creencias y experiencias de diversas culturas. Objetivo: Analizar la aplicación de la medicina ancestral como alternativa ante una alteración de salud. Materiales y métodos: Se planteó un estudio con enfoque cualitativo de corte transversal. La población fue de 20 personas mayores a 50 años que de manera inicial fueron ubicados por el Señor Juan Moyolema, un morador muy conocido de la comunidad. La información necesaria se recolecto a través de entrevistas con preguntas abiertas y semiestructuradas previamente elaboradas que dan respuesta a los objetivos planteados. Resultados: Son varios factores los que predominan al momento de elegir a la medicina ancestral para tratar cualquier tipo de dolencia, entre ellos, el económico, social y cultural. Conclusión: la aplicación de la medicina tradicional para tratar alteraciones de salud sigue aún latente, debido a los conocimientos que poseen en su gran mayoría las personas mayores a 50 años, sobre los nutrientes y usos que se puede dar algunas plantas. Saberes que han trascendido de generación en generación. Usualmente, la medicina tradicional es aplicada para tratar dolores leves, como dolor de cabeza, dolor estomacal, vómito, diarrea, estreñimiento, entre otros.

SUMMARY

Introduction: Ancestral medicine over the years has been acquiring greater value and acceptance by the population, this is due to how impressive it has evolved and acquired knowledge in various fields based on theories, beliefs and experiences of different cultures. Objective: To analyze the application of ancestral medicine as an alternative in the event of a health change. Materials and methods: A study with an approach cross-sectional qualitative. The population was 20 people over 50 years of age They were initially located by Mr. Juan Moyolema, a well-known resident of the community. The necessary information was collected through interviews with open questions. and semi-structured previously elaborated that respond to the proposed objectives. Results: There are several factors that predominate when choosing medicine ancestral to treat any type of ailment, including economic, social and cultural. Conclusion: the application of traditional medicine to treat health disorders is still latent, due to the knowledge possessed by the vast majority of people over 50 years, on the nutrients and uses that can be given to some plants. Knowledge that has transcended from generation to generation. Traditional medicine is usually applied to treat pain mild, such as headache, stomach pain, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, among others.
Infiltración local con corticosteroide para el dedo en gatillo
Authors: Menéndez Zambrano Mébil Leonardo
Published: October 2022

Introducción: El dedo en gatillo es una condición que se presenta con frecuencia en la consulta traumatológica y es una afectación de los dedos, en donde queda atascado en una posición de flexión, con una mayor incidencia en el dedo pulgar, seguido del anular de la mano dominante. Una opción en el tratamiento para mejorar la funcionabilidad y el dolor, es la infiltración con antiinflamatorios Objetivo: Identificar los condicionantes para obtener un éxito terapéutico con las infiltraciones de corticosteroides en los pacientes con dedo en gatillo. Materiales y Métodos: Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica y se consulta en bases de datos como Google Scholar y Pubmed, posteriormente se realiza un análisis sistemático de las fuentes y se evidencia los resultados encontrados. Resultados: De los artículos encontrados, dos no fueron considerados por incluir solo el tratamiento quirúrgico como tratamiento. Por el contrario, los artículos que registraron el tratamiento con infiltración local evidenciaron una mejoría importante en la sintomatología inclusive con infiltración única. Conclusiones: La elección de la infiltración local es una opción terapéutica para recuperar la función del dedo en resorte; sin embargo, la cirugía es una alternativa que tendría que considerarse en ciertos grupos de pacientes.

SUMMARYIntroduction: Trigger finger is a condition that frequently occurs in the orthopedic consultation and it is an involvement of the fingers, where it gets stuck in a flexion position, with a greater incidence in the thumb, followed by the ring finger of the dominant hand. An option in treatment to improve function and pain is infiltration with anti-inflammatories Objective: To identify the conditions to obtain a therapeutic success with corticosteroid injections in patients with trigger finger. Materials and Methods: A bibliographic review is carried out and databases are consulted. such as Google Scholar and Pubmed, later a systematic analysis of the sources and the results found are evidenced. Results: the articles found, two were not considered because they included only surgical treatment as treatment. on the other hand, the articles that registered the treatment with local infiltration showed a Significant improvement in symptoms even with single infiltration. Conclusions: The choice of local infiltration is a therapeutic option to recover the function of the finger in spring; however, surgery is an alternative that should be considered in certain patient groups.
Validación de un instrumento para determinar el reingreso hospitalario del adulto mayor con hipertensión arterial
Authors: Salas Alvarado Javier Antonio , Gafas González Carlos , Villafuerte Fernández Amanda Abigail , Yuquilema Cortez María Beatriz , Morán Zambrano Jean Pierre
Published: October 2022

Introducción: Las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles son la principal causa de morbimortalidad a nivel mundial; entre ellas, la hipertensión arterial que afecta principalmente a los adultos mayores, que de acuerdo a múltiples factores se presentan recidivas o reingresos que producen el deterioro del paciente y aumentan el gasto sanitario de la enfermedad. Objetivo: Validar un instrumento para determinar el reingreso hospitalario del adulto mayor con hipertensión arterial. Materiales y Métodos: La investigación es de diseño observacional, descriptiva de corte transversal; modalidad cuantitativa. El instrumento cuantitativo diseñado, fue validado por un juicio de expertos y analizado estadísticamente con el coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach; se empleó una prueba piloto compuesta por 15 adultos mayores hipertensos. Resultados: Por la validación de los expertos, el cuestionario obtuvo un resultado de 98,3 y en el Alfa de Cronbach de 0,95; ambas puntuaciones son indicativas de excelente confiabilidad. Conclusión: El instrumento es confiable, cuenta con los parámetros de validez, pertinencia y coherencia por lo que pueden ser aplicados para determinar el reingreso hospitalario de adultos mayores con hipertensión arterial. 

SUMMARYIntroduction: Chronic non-communicable diseases are the main cause of global morbidity and mortality; among them, arterial hypertension that affects mainly to older adults, who according to multiple factors present relapses or readmissions that cause the deterioration of the patient and increase the expense disease healthcare. Objective: To validate an instrument to determine the hospital readmission of the elderly with arterial hypertension. Materials and methods: The research has an observational, descriptive cross-sectional design; quantitative mode. The quantitative instrument designed was validated by a trial of experts and statistically analyzed with Cronbach's Alpha coefficient; I know used a pilot test composed of 15 hypertensive older adults. Results: Due to the validation of the experts, the questionnaire obtained a result of 98.3 and in the Cronbach's alpha of 0.95; both scores are indicative of excellent reliability. Conclusion: The instrument is reliable, it has the parameters of validity, relevance and coherence so they can be applied to determine the hospital readmission of older adults with arterial hypertension.
Software educativo para el fortalecimiento de la identidad sociocultural del pueblo indígena huöttoja
Authors: Payema vasquez Shaudner ingrid
Published: October 2022

Proponer un software educativo para el fortalecimiento de la identidad sociocultural del Pueblo Indígena Huottoja dirigido a los estudiantes de una unidad educativa, del Municipio Atures, Estado Amazonas fue el propósito de esta investigación. Metodológicamente fue un estudio bajo el paradigma cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental, de campo a nivel descriptivo, bajo la modalidad de proyecto especial, la población estuvo constituida por once docentes. La técnica de recolección de datos fue la encuesta y el instrumento el cuestionario, lo cual permitió evidenciar que existen aspectos a fortalecer en la promoción de la cultura Huottoja desde la escuela, esto motivado a la poca planificación de actividades para el fortalecimiento de esta cultura en la institución, por lo que se sugiere implementar materiales didácticos entre ellos un software con el fin de fortalecer los valores, costumbres y tradiciones del pueblo indígena Huottoja a través de las actividades realizadas en la escuela, logrando con ello mejorar el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la Educación Intercultural Bilingüe y coadyuvar al mejoramiento de  la calidad educativa que se ofrece a la comunidad, disminuyendo de esta manera la transculturación que se presenta en esta población.
Ижтимоий хавфли қилмиш жиноят таркиби объектив томонининг зарурий белгиси: назарий ва амалий жиҳатлари
Authors: Худайкулов Ферузбек
Published: October 2022

Мазкур мақолада тадқиқ этишнинг мантиқийлик, индукция, дедукция, тизимлилик, мантиқий-юридик, қиёсий-ҳуқуқий методларидан кенг фойдаланилган. Жумладан, биринчи навбатда жиноят таркиби муҳим элементларидан бири бўлган жиноят объектив томонининг зарурий белгиси умумий тавсифи очиб берилган бўлиб, у тўғрисидаги олимларнинг илмий қарашлари, тадқиқотлари, улар ўртасидаги ўзаро ўхшаш ва фарқли жиҳатлар ҳақида атрофлича баён қилинган. Шунингдек, жиноят объектив томонинниг зарурий белгиси ижтимоий хавфли қилмиш унинг бошқа белгилари билан қиёсий таҳлил қилиниб, улардаги муаммоли жиҳатлар аниқланди ва кетма-кет тавсифлаб берилди. Ушбу мақолада асосий эътибор жиноят объектив томони зарурий белгиси бўлган ижтимоий хавфли қилмишга қаратилган бўлиб, у инструментал ва қиёсий таҳлил қилинган. Мазкур белгида мавжуд муаммолар аниқланиб, уларнинг назарий ва амалий ечимлари ўрнатилган ва топилган. Шу билан бирга, жиноят ҳуқуқи доктринаси ва ривожланган хорижий давлатлар жиноят қонунчилиги таҳлил этилиб, бу борада Ўзбекистон Республикаси жиноят қонунчилигини такомиллаштириш бўйича аниқ таклиф ва тавсиялар ишлаб чиқилган.
PATOLOGIA DE ESTRUTURAS SUJEITAS A RECALQUE EM SOLOS COLAPSÍVEIS
Authors: Martins Polez Guilherme , De Marco Gerson
Published: October 2022

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo, identificar as manifestações patológicas de estruturas sujeitas a recalque que podem ser encontradas em solos colapsíveis; aprofundar o conhecimento sobre conceitos e definições das manifestações patológicas recorrentes em solos colapsíveis; e entender o porque elas estão aparecendo cada vez mais e quais os seus impactos, bem como o que pode ser feito para minimizar seus impactos. Para realizar este trabalho, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica, utilizando-se sites periódicos. Com a pesquisa, foi possível compreender que solos colapsíveis tendem a desencadear recalque nas edificações em que os utilizaram como local de construção e que essa e outras manifestações patológicas podem surgir por diversos fatores, como a projeção incorreta da edificação, entretanto, se bem projetado e definidas as manutenções preventivas e as intervenções para com a construção em solos colapsíveis, seus efeitos são reduzidos e a edificação acaba por ter uma vida útil mais duradoura e o prédio apresentar mais conforto. Desta forma, o projeto, a manutenção preventiva e as intervenções realizadas para reduzir os impactos dispostos pelas manifestações patológicas são relevantes ações que mitigam os recalques e a perda de prédios construídos em solos colapsíveis.
Block Switching: A Stochastic Approach for Deep Learning Security
Authors: Wang Xiao , Wang Siyue , Chen Pinyu , Lin Xue , Chin Peter
Published: October 2022

Recent study of adversarial attacks has revealed the vulnerability of modern deep learning models. That is, subtly crafted perturbations of the input can make a trained network with high accuracy and produce arbitrary incorrect predictions, while maintaining imperceptible to human vision system. In this paper, we introduce Block Switching (BS), a defense strategy against adversarial attacks based on stochasticity. BS replaces a block of model layers with multiple parallel channels, and the active channel is randomly assigned in the run time, hence unpredictable to the adversary. We show empirically that BS leads to a more dispersed input gradient distribution and superior defense effectiveness compared with other stochastic defenses such as stochastic activation pruning. Compared to other defenses, BS is also characterized by the following features: (i) BS causes less test accuracy drop; (ii) BS is attack-independent; and (iii) BS is compatible with other defenses and can be used jointly with others.
 
Received: 13 July 2022 | Revised: 18 July 2022 | Accepted: 24 August 2022
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
A case of leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 antibody encephalitis with schizophrenia-like symptoms as an initial clinical manifestation
Authors: Moon Jiyeon , Kim Hyeyun
Published: October 2022

Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI-1) antibody encephalitis is a type of limbic encephalitis characterized by faciobrachial dystonic seizure and short-term memory loss as initial clinical symptoms. We present a case initially misdiagnosed as schizophrenia and finally diagnosed as LGI-1 antibody encephalitis. A 41-year-old female presented to the neurology clinic with a 4-month history of anxiety and disoriented speech and a new onset headache. Her explanation of symptoms was unclear, and she was unable to answer questions properly. Her brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed no specific lesions. After 6 months, depersonalization, place disorientation and memory impairment were noted. Her symptoms continue to progress, experiencing visual/auditory hallucinations. She was diagnosed with schizophrenia and admitted to a closed psychiatric ward. In the hospital, she showed mild fever, and her memory loss worsened faster than her psychiatric symptoms, unlike in schizophrenia. Follow-up MRI scans showed a diffusely enlarged right hippocampus with a 2.5 × 1.3-cm mass lesion. Electroencephalogram showed rhythmic theta activities/interictal spikes in the right frontal lobe, for which she was treated with an antiepileptic drug. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis results showed pleocytosis. Based on this, autoimmune encephalitis was diagnosed, and steroid pulse treatment and immunoglobulin treatment were performed. Positivity for LGI-1 antibody was reported and finally led to diagnosis of LGI-1 antibody encephalitis. Clinical symptoms gradually improved, and the lesion had shrunk considerably on MRI performed 6 months after immunoglobulin treatment. She reports persistent amnesia for 6 months but has returned to her daily life under follow-up observation.
Genetic diversity and fine-scale spatial genetic structure of the near-threatened Pinus gerardiana in Gardiz, Afghanistan
Authors: Moosavi Sayed Jalal , Budde Katharina , Mueller Markus , Gailing Oliver
Published: October 2022

Background and aims – Chilgoza pine (Pinus gerardiana) is a near-threatened tree species from the north-western Himalayas. This species is the economically most important pine in Afghanistan because of its edible nuts; however, its distribution range is disjunct and restricted to a few isolated regions. The IUCN lists Chilgoza as a near threatened species because of overexploitation of its nuts and a declining population trend. This research is the first in-depth analysis of the genetic variability and structure of Chilgoza in Afghanistan using microsatellite markers.

Material and methods –We tested cross-amplification of 44 SSR markers developed for pine species. Eight polymorphic EST-SSRs were genotyped in a natural Chilgoza population in Gardiz, Afghanistan. To evaluate the genetic diversity, fine-scale spatial genetic structure (SGS), signatures of bottleneck events, and the effective population size, 191 trees were sampled and genotyped. Based on the diameter at breast height, individuals were classified as young or old trees.

Key results – Genetic variation in the whole population was moderate. For individual markers, He ranged from 0.130 to 0.515 (mean = 0.338) and Ho from 0.118 to 0.542 (mean = 0.328). The expected heterozygosity in young trees was slightly lower than in old trees. The SGS was stronger for young trees (Sp = 0.0100) than for old trees (Sp = 0.0029). Heterozygosity excess analysis detected no recent population size reduction, but the M ratio revealed an ancient and prolonged bottleneck in the Chilgoza population.

Conclusion – Identification of suitable EST-SSRs for future studies of natural Chilgoza populations provides important tools for the conservation of the species. Despite the moderate genetic variation in Gardiz, scarcity of natural regeneration is likely to reduce the genetic variation and adaptability in future generations. Our results indicated a slight decrease in genetic diversity and stronger SGS in young trees calling for conservation measures fostering natural regeneration.
The (Un)Certain Future of Tax Sparing Credit in International Tax Treaty Law
Authors: Popovic Dejan , Ilić-Popov Gordana
Published: October 2022

all treaties, with Serbia having this clause in 46% of its double taxation agreements. It is the authors’ view that this provision represents a confirmation of the right to introduce tax incentives as a part of a country’s right to tax, while pointing out the necessity of preventing abuses of the provision. After conducting an analysis of the effects of tax sparing on foreign direct investments in Serbia and outgoing investments of Serbia’s residents, the remaining portion of the paper is dedicated to exploration of the interaction between GloBE Income Inclusion Rule and tax sparing. Their incompatibility, which implies that tax sparing would be annulled under BEPS 2.0, may be overcome via a specific carve-out, but at present such initiative is not endorsed by Inclusive Framework on BEPS.
Istopolne zajednice života u svetlu primene Haškog protokola o merodavnom pravu za obaveze izdržavanja iz 2007. godine
Authors: Pavlović Mina
Published: October 2022

Same-sex marriages, registered partnerships and de facto unions are considered same-sex relationships in comparative law. In the Hague Protocol, an important source of the Serbian conflict of law system, nothing is indicated about its application to these relationships, nor is the notion of „family relationship“ defined in sense of Article 1. This paper examines the scope of interpretation of this notion and whether it includes same-sex relationships. The main dilemma is whether the application of the Protocol may arise from autonomous interpretation of notion „family relationship“ or from the decision of each contracting state. Taking a position regarding these issues, the author examines the possibility of application of the Protocol to determine applicable law in disputes regarding maintenance of same-sex relationships, concluded abroad, and processed before domestic authorities. Special attention is paid to the analysis of a hypothetical case and the extent of the public-policy clause from Article 13.
The effectiveness of the use of chelated microfertilizers on the formation of green biomass of grain sorghum cultivated in arid conditions of the Saratov region
Authors:   Russian research and Design and technological Institute of sorghum and corn, Stepanchenko Denis , Starchak Victoria , Bochkareva Yulia , Kibalnik Oksana , Erohina Anna
Published: October 2022

During the research period, morphological characteristics were measured in grain sorghum varieties of the FGBNU RosNIISK "Rossorgo" selection in order to identify the effect of chelated microfertilizers. The complex of agronomic features included the following indicators of grain sorghum productivity: plant height, length of the flag and largest leaf, biomass yield. According to the results of the research, the influence of chelated microfertilizers on the morphological characteristics of grain sorghum cultivated in the Saratov Volga region was revealed. Leaf treatment of vegetative grain sorghum plants had a significant effect on the height of grain sorghum plants from 3.3 to 5.2%, and also contributed to a significant increase in biomass by 17.3-27.6%. Keywords: GRAIN SORGO, BIOMASS YIELD, PLANT HEIGHT, FLAG AND LARGE LEAF LENGTH, MICROFERTILIZERS, MORPHOMETRIC FEATURES, VARIETY
Strategi Pemasaran Berorientasi Pelanggan Pada UMKM Penjualan Online GULIGULI Shop
Authors: Jusriadi A.
Published: October 2022

Usaha jasa pemasaran online telah menjadi trend di era teknologi informasi saat ini, dengan minim modal usaha distributor menjadi reseller menjadi salah satu alternatif usaha yang banya digandrungi saat ini, GULIGULI Shop sebagai salah UMKM telah memanfaatkan teknologi informasi melalui jasa pemasaran yang berorientasi kepada pelanggan untuk mendukung penjualan mereka, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami strategi pemasaran yang berorientasi kepada pelanggan yang dilakukan oleh GULIGULI Shop. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengambarkan situasi lokus penelitian dengan apa adanya dan kemudian disajikan kembali dalam bentuk narasi wawancara, teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling yaitu mengambil data dan informasi kepada pihak yang dianggap representatif untuk memberikan informasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa GULIGULI Shop online telah menerapkan konsep pemasaran yang berorientasi kepada pelanggan dengan melakukan berbagai pola diantaranya dengan memaksimalkan relasi dan jaringan, pemanfaatan aplikasi pencarian dan memberikan informasi produk dan penawaran harga tertentu, menetukan target dan segment pasar juga menjadi strategi yang digunakan oleh GULIGULI Shop.
التطور التاريخي للفقه الإسلامي -	طور النشأة إنموذجاً –
Authors:   في الجامعة العراقية / كلية العلوم الإسلامية, عبد محمد الكبيسي عبد الحافظ
Published: October 2022

الحمد لله، والصلاة والسلام على سيّدنا محمّد رسول الله، وعلى آله وأصحابه ومَن اهتدى بهداه . أما بعد : فإنّ فقهنا الإسلامي ومبادئه الأساسية ثابتة وهي: القرآن الكريم، ثم السُنَّة النبوية، ثم الإجماع، ثم القياس، إلا أنّ من السّمة ما يجعله ناميًا لمواجهة مقتضيات الحياة المتجددة، ومن ذلك : المصالح المرسلة، العُرف، الإستحسان، سدِّ الذرائع، تغير الأزمان. ولهذا مرَّ بمراحل مختلفة، نموّاً وتألقاً وركوداً ووقفاً؛ ولذلك قسّم الكثير من علماء الفقه الإسلامي أطواره الى أربعة أقسام: طور النشأة، وطور الشباب، وطور النضج والكمال، وطور الشيخوخة. وهذا البحث يُعنى بطور النشأة، وتركّز على مبحثين وخاتمة. أولاً: مصادر الفقه في عصر النشأة. ثانياً: مميزات التشريع في طور النشأة. ثم الخاتمة لأهم النتائج . -والله وليّ التوفيق –
Technical note: Common ambiguities in plant hydraulics
Authors: Wang Yujie , Frankenberg Christian
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Plant hydraulics gains increasing interest in plant ecophysiology and vegetation modeling. However, the hydraulic properties and profiles are often improperly represented, thus leading to biased results and simulations, e.g., the neglection of gravitational pressure drop results in overestimated water flux. We highlight the commonly seen ambiguities and/or misunderstandings in plant hydraulics, including (1) the distinction between water potential and pressure, (2) differences among hydraulic conductance and conductivity, (3) xylem vulnerability curve formulations, (4) model complexity, (5) stomatal-model representations, (6) bias from analytic estimations, (7) whole-plant vulnerability, and (8) neglected temperature dependencies. We recommend careful thinking before using or modifying existing definitions, methods, and models.
Earliest meteorological readings in San Fernando (Cádiz, Spain)
Authors: Bravo-Paredes Nieves , Gallego María Cruz , Trigo Ricardo Machado , Vaquero José Manuel
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Cádiz and San Fernando are two nearby towns with a wealth of meteorological records due to their connection with the Spanish Royal Navy officers and enlightened merchants. Several previous works have already recovered a significant amount of meteorological records of interest in these localities. However, unnoticed previously more than 40,000 daily meteorological observations recorded at the Royal Observatory of the Spanish Navy (located in San Fernando) during the period 1799–1813 remained neither digitized nor studied. Here, we have carried out this important task describing the different steps undertaken to achieve it as well as the results obtained. The dataset is composed by different meteorological variables such as atmospheric pressure, air temperature, precipitation, or state of the sky. As a first step a quality control was carried out to find possible errors in the original data or in the digitization process. Moreover, the antique units were converted to modern units. Also, the metadata and an analysis of the data have been described. Finally, we study in detail the meteorological conditions in October 1805, during the Battle of Trafalgar and to check the possible local effects of the unknown volcanic eruption of 1809. The dataset is freely available to the scientific community and can be download at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7104289.
Spectral characterisation of hydrothermal alteration associated with sediment-hosted Cu-Ag mineralisation in the Central European Kupferschiefer
Authors: Géring Léa , Kirsch Moritz , Thiele Samuel , De Lima Ribeiro Andréa , Gloaguen Richard , Gutzmer Jens
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The analysis of hydrothermal alteration in exploration drill cores allows to trace fluid-rock interaction processes, identify fluid flow paths and thus determine vectors in mineral systems. Hyperspectral imaging techniques are increasingly being employed to fill the scale gap between lab-based petrographic or geochemical analyses and the typical size of exploration targets. Hyperspectral imaging permits the rapid, cost-efficient and continuous characterisation of alteration mineralogy and texture along entire drill cores with a spatial sampling of a few millimetres. In this contribution, we present the results of an exploratory study on three mineralised drill cores from the Spremberg-Graustein Kupferschiefer-type Cu-Ag deposit in the Lusatia region of Germany. We demonstrate that hyperspectral imaging is a tool well-suited to recognize and track the effects of hydrothermal alteration associated with stratabound hydrothermal mineralization. Micro X-ray fluorescence spectrometry was used to validate the alteration mineral assemblages identified in hyperspectral data acquired in the visible, near, shortwave, mid-wave and long-wave infrared. Spectral features associated with the occurrence of iron oxide, kaolinite, sulphate, and carbonates were identified and mapped. We identify intensive hydrothermal alteration of the sandstones immediately below the Kupferschiefer horizon sensu stricto, spatially associated with or stratigraphically adjacent to Cu-Ag mineralisation. Importantly, we can clearly distinguish two mineralogically distinct styles of alteration (hematite and ferroan carbonate) that bracket high-grade Cu-Ag mineralisation. The occurrence of well crystalline kaolinite in the sandstone units is spatially and genetically related to Cu-Ag mineralisation. Proximal Fe-carbonate and kaolinite alteration have not previously been documented for the high-grade Cu-Ag deposits of the Central European Kupferschiefer. Hematite alteration is well known in Kupferschiefer-type ore deposits. It marks the flow path of oxidising, metal-bearing hydrothermal fluids towards the site of hydrothermal sulphide mineralization. Ferroan carbonate alteration in carbonate rocks located above the main mineralized zone, in contrast, is interpreted to mark hydrothermal fluid discharge from the mineralizing system. Although this study is limited to a small number of drill cores, our results suggest that hyperspectral imaging techniques may be used to identify vectors towards high-grade Cu-Ag mineralisation in Kupferschiefer-type mineral systems.
Modeling of non-structural carbohydrate dynamics by the spatially explicitly individual-based dynamic global vegetation model SEIB-DGVM (SEIB-DGVM-NSC ver1.0)
Authors: Ninomiya Hideki , Kato Tomomichi , Végh Lea , Wu Lan
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Forest dynamics need to be considered when estimating the global carbon budget. The alteration of forest structure and function under a changing climate and expanding human activity could lead to a reduction of forest canopy cover and a spread of lower-biomass ecosystems in warm and dry regions. Non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) acts as a storage buffer between carbon supplied by assimilation and carbon consumed by, inter alia, respiration, reproduction, and pests. Estimation of NSC concentrations in a tree is very important for accurate projection of future forest dynamics. We developed a new NSC module for incorporation into a spatially explicit, individual-based, dynamic global vegetation model (SEIB-DGVM) to validate the simulated NSC dynamics with observations. NSC pools were simulated in three plant organs: leaves, trunk, and roots. The seasonal dynamics of the NSCs varied among plant species, and the sizes of the NSC pools inferred from observations differed between the boreal, temperate, and tropical climates. The NSC models were therefore validated for each of the three climatic regions at both point and global scales to assess the performance of the models. The modeled NSCs showed good agreement in seasonality with the observed NSCs at four sites – Canada (boreal), Austria and Switzerland (temperate), and Panama (tropical) – and in mean values for three climate zones derived from the global NSC dataset. The SEIB-DGVM-NSCv1.0 is expected to enable simulation of biome shifts caused by the changes of NSC dynamics worldwide. These dynamics will contribute to changes of not only the global carbon cycle but also of forest structure and demography at a global scale.
Finite-hillslope analysis of landslides triggered by excess pore water pressure: the roles of atmospheric pressure and rainfall infiltration during typhoons
Authors: Pelascini Lucas , Steer Philippe , Mouyen Maxime , Longuevergne Laurent
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Landslides are often triggered by catastrophic events, among which
earthquakes and rainfall are the most depicted. However, very few studies
have focused on the effect of atmospheric pressure on slope stability, even
though weather events such as typhoons are associated with significant
atmospheric pressure changes. Indeed, both atmospheric pressure changes and
rainfall-induced groundwater level changes can generate large pore pressure
changes. In this paper, we assess the respective impacts of atmospheric
effects and rainfall over the stability of a hillslope. An analytical model
of transient groundwater dynamics is developed to compute slope stability
for finite hillslopes. Slope stability is evaluated through a safety factor
based on the Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion. Both rainfall infiltration and atmospheric pressure variations, which impact slope stability by modifying the pore pressure of the media, are described by diffusion equations. The models were then forced by weather data from different typhoons that were recorded over Taiwan. While rainfall infiltration can induce pore pressure change up to hundreds of kilopascal, its effects are delayed in time due to flow and diffusion. To the contrary, atmospheric pressure change induces pore pressure changes not exceeding a few kilopascal, which propagates instantaneously through the skeleton before diffusion leads to an effective decay of pore pressure. Moreover, the effect of rainfall infiltration on slope stability decreases towards the toe of the hillslope and is cancelled where the water table reaches the surface, leaving atmospheric pressure change as the main driver of slope instability. This study allows for a better insight of slope stability through pore pressure analysis, and shows that atmospheric effects should not always be neglected.
Major sources of North Atlantic Deep Water in the subpolar North Atlantic from Lagrangian analyses in an eddy-rich ocean model
Authors: Fröhle Jörg , Handmann Patricia V. K. , Biastoch Arne
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) is a crucial component of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and is therefore an important factor of the climate system. In order to estimate the mean relative contributions, sources, and pathways of the NADW at the southern exit of the Labrador Sea, a Lagrangian particle experiment is performed. The particles were seeded according to the strength of the velocity field along the 53∘ N section and traced 40 years backward in time in the three-dimensional velocity and hydrography field. The resulting transport pathways, their sources and corresponding transit timescales were inferred.
Our experiment shows that, of the 30.1 Sv of NADW passing 53∘ N on average, the majority of this water is associated with a diapycnal mass flux without contact to the atmosphere, accounting for 14.3 Sv (48 %), where 6.2 Sv originate from the Labrador Sea, compared to 4.7 Sv from the Irminger Sea.
The second-largest contribution originates from the mixed layer with 7.2 Sv (24 %), where the Labrador Sea contribution (5.9 Sv) dominates over the Irminger Sea contribution (1.0 Sv).
Another 5.7 Sv (19 %) of NADW crosses the Greenland–Scotland Ridge within the NADW density class, where about two-thirds pass the Denmark Strait, while one-third crosses the Iceland–Scotland Ridge. The NADW exported at 53∘ N is hence dominated by entrainment through the diapycnal mass flux and mixed-layer origin in the Labrador Sea.
Quantifying the effects of background concentrations of crude oil pollution on sea ice albedo
Authors: Redmond Roche Benjamin Heikki , King Martin D.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Sea ice albedo plays an important role in modulating the climate of Earth and is affected by low background concentrations of oil droplets
within the ice matrix that absorb solar radiation. In this study, the albedo response of three different types of bare sea ice (melting, first-year,
and multi-year sea ice) are calculated at increasing mass ratios (0–1000 ng g−1) of crude oil by using a coupled atmosphere–sea ice
radiative-transfer model (TUV-snow; Tropospheric Ultraviolet–Visible) over the optical wavelengths 400–700 nm. The different types of quasi-infinite-thickness sea ice
exhibit different albedo responses to oil pollution, with a 1000 ng g−1 mass ratio of oil causing a decrease to 70.9 % in multi-year
sea ice, 47.2 % in first-year sea ice, and 22.1 % in melting sea ice relative to the unpolluted albedo at a wavelength of
400 nm. The thickness of the sea ice is also an important factor, with realistic-thickness sea ices exhibiting similar results, albeit with
a weaker albedo response for multi-year sea ice to 75.3 %, first-year sea ice to 66.3 %, and melting sea ice to 35.9 %. The type of oil
also significantly affects the response of sea ice albedo, with a relatively opaque and heavy crude oil (Romashkino oil) causing a
significantly larger decrease in sea ice albedo than a relatively transparent light crude oil (Petrobaltic oil). The size of the oil
droplets polluting the oil also plays a minor role in the albedo response, with weathered submicrometre droplets (0.05–0.5 µm radius) of
Romashkino oil being the most absorbing across the optical wavelengths considered. Therefore, the work presented here demonstrates that low
background concentrations of small submicrometre- to micrometre-sized oil droplets have a significant
effect on the albedo of bare sea ice. All three types of sea ice are sensitive to oil pollution; however, first-year sea ice and particularly melting
sea ice are very sensitive to oil pollution.
Memoria oral del pueblo Mapuche en la reforma agraria y la dictadura. Aplicación del archivo en el proyecto Dungun, instalación sonora interactiva
Authors: Urquieta Robles Luis
Published: October 2022

El presente escrito se enmarca dentro de una pasantía realizada durante el año 2021 en el Museo de la Memoria y los Derechos Humanos, en Santiago de Chile. La finalidad de dicho proceso fue la utilización del extenso archivo del que dispone esta institución, tanto escrito como audiovisual, para trabajar y reflexionar en torno a un complejo proceso de la historia reciente de este país, las comunidades Mapuche durante la reforma agraria y la posterior dictadura perpetrada por Augusto Pinochet. Dicha etapa se encuentra soterrada debido a los graves crímenes de lesa humanidad que sufrió todo Chile durante esa fatídica época, relegando a un segundo plano las violaciones contra el pueblo Mapuche. El trabajo investigativo en este Museo culminó con la creación de una propuesta de una instalación artística titulada Dungun, un proyecto interactivo sonoro que se nutre de toda la información recopilada durante la pasantía, generando una propuesta estética sonora en torno a la memoria, el archivo y el acto de escuchar.
Reflejos oscuros: el siniestro rostro de los archivos en Black Mirror
Authors: Gavilán Escario Sergio
Published: October 2022

El objetivo del presente artículo es examinar dos episodios de la serie Black Mirror en clave archivo, lo que significa profundizar en los elementos que traen a colación acciones de conservación, acceso y eliminación, además de los que se detienen en patrones de autenticidad, exactitud y fiabilidad de registros, es decir, nociones de archivo que acaban enlazando con aspectos fundamentales dentro de la profesión y la sociedad como la identidad, la memoria y el pasado. No obstante, los episodios analizados, The Entire History of You y Be Right Back, se inscriben dentro de parámetros distópicos, de manera que destapa una potencialidad negativa para la sociedad contemporánea, donde la información es un eje nuclear.
The Archival Sources of the Batalha Monastery (Portugal): Unique Collections for the Study of the Monument’s Restoration Work in the 19th Century
Authors: Moura Soares Clara
Published: October 2022

The Monastery of Batalha is one of the most important Gothic monuments in Portugal. In the 19th century, between 1840 and 1900, it underwent extensive restoration work which significantly altered its features, as well as the memories of past monastic experiences. Despite the magnitude of the intervention, the work that transformed the former Dominican monastery into a historical monument of the Nation, was, however, subject to an exemplary, scrupulous and detailed work and management methodology. This was reflected in the production of an unprecedented documentary collection (textual, iconographic, object-based), mainly archived within the monument itself, thus allowing for a highly accurate reconstruction of the work conducted and an understanding of the criteria followed. By means of an integrated perspective, this study seeks to highlight these important historical sources, with particular emphasis on: their unique character in the context of the archives of Portuguese monuments; their role in the study of the restoration work on the Monastery of Batalha and in the history of monument restoration in Portugal in general; and the potential for interdisciplinary research that can be derived thereof, involving the latest technological trends.
El archivo de los Talleres de Arte de Félix Granda y su aplicación al proceso creativo
Authors: González Martín del Río Emilia
Published: October 2022

La empresa hoy denominada Talleres de Arte Granda conserva un archivo compuesto por más de setenta mil unidades. Fundada por el sacerdote asturiano Félix Granda (1868-1954) en Madrid a comienzos del siglo XX, sus colecciones y fondos documentales son fruto de su actividad empresarial. Dedicada a las artes decorativas, en especial al arte sacro, una de sus características esenciales fue el empleo de las técnicas propias de los oficios tradicionales, frente a la producción industrial que desarrollaban otras empresas de la época. Su archivo es una fuente ineludible para el estudio de su historia y método de trabajo. En este artículo abordamos una somera descripción de sus fondos y, a través de su interrelación, aportamos una muestra del uso del repertorio que se observa en sus obras.
La música como experiencia audiovisual en la infancia: entre el contar, entender y sentir
Authors: Porta Navarro Amparo
Published: October 2022

Este trabajo se interesa por la comprensión de la música audiovisual en la infancia, abordando un espacio inexplorado e importante por su inmersión cultural e impacto, queremos conocer su experiencia de la música cotidiana en los grandes espacios multimodales. El objetivo es examinar cómo produce significado y sentido la música de audiovisuales favoritos de niños de 11 a 14 años a partir de sus percepciones. Se exploran a partir de la escucha y/o visionado de 14 secuencias editadas en versiones, utilizando una metodología mixta. Los resultados muestran cuatro análisis de contenido comparando las respuestas a exposiciones separadas al Sonido y la Imagen, por Versiones, por estudio detallado de la escucha y, finalmente por Audiovisuales, explorando los factores emocionales, cognitivos y narrativos. Del estudio realizado, marcadamente inductivo, se obtienen cuatro conclusiones significativas: 1) La construcción del pensamiento sonoro se produce por la articulación de lo emocional, lo cognitivo y lo narrativo con una presencia destacada de los dos primeros, 2) La música tiene una importancia decisiva en todo ello, 3) La metodología emergente utilizada ha permitido mostrar las percepciones infantiles sobre la experiencia audiovisual y 4) Los resultados obtenidos son coherentes con los principios de Vigotsky estudiados en la revisión bibliográfica.