bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Motivasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT Multi Karunia Agung, Kota Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Syawaludin Syawaludin , Savitri Shela Indah , Rukmana Indra Januar
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to ascertain how motivation and leadership style affect workers' performance at PT Multi Karunia Agung Lestari South Tangerang City. In order to create a saturated sample for this study, the entire population was used as the sample. There are 86 employees involved in this quantitative research project. This study employs a quantitative analysis methodology, which is the use of in-depth numerical data analysis. Data processing and analysis procedures include classical assumption tests, correlation and determination tests, hypothesis testing, and testing and descriptive data analysis tools. Employee performance at PT Multi Karunia Agung Lestari South Tangerang City is positively and significantly impacted by the leadership style and work motivation of the organization use Y = 13,228 + 0.466 X1 + 0.233 X2 as the regression equation. According to these findings, there is a 0.771 simultaneous determination coefficient and a 0.754 simultaneous correlation coefficient. Employee performance under this leadership style has a value of tcount > ttable (10,535 > 1.663) with a significant value of 0.000 < 0.005. Next, there is incentive for worker performance when tcount > ttable, or 9.241 > 1.663. The Fcount > Ftable, with a significance level of 0.000 < 0.05, is 60.893 > 2.712. Thus, it follows that job motivation and leadership style have a big impact on how well employees perform.
Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana motivasi dan gaya kepemimpinan berdampak pada kinerja karyawan pada PT Multi Karunia Agung Lestari, Kota Tangerang Selatan. Untuk memastikan representasi yang memadai, seluruh populasi karyawan diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini, yang melibatkan 86 orang. Penelitian ini mengadopsi metode analisis kuantitatif, dengan fokus pada pengolahan data numerik secara mendalam. Prosedur analisis termasuk uji asumsi klasik, korelasi, determinasi, pengujian hipotesis, dan alat analisis data deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja karyawan pada PT Multi Karunia Agung Lestari, Kota Tangerang Selatan secara positif dan signifikan dipengaruhi oleh gaya kepemimpinan dan motivasi kerja organisasi, yang dapat direpresentasikan oleh persamaan regresi Y = 13,228 + 0,466 X1 + 0,233 X2. Koefisien determinasi simultan sebesar 0,771 dan koefisien korelasi simultan sebesar 0,754. Selain itu, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara gaya kepemimpinan dan kinerja karyawan, yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai thitung yang melebihi ttabel, dengan signifikansi 0,000 < 0,005. Insentif juga terbukti memiliki dampak positif terhadap kinerja pekerja, dengan nilai thitung yang signifikan. Secara keseluruhan, temuan ini menegaskan bahwa motivasi kerja dan gaya kepemimpinan memiliki peran yang penting dalam meningkatkan kinerja karyawan.
Kata Kunci: Gaya Kepemimpinan, Motivasi, Kinerja Karyawan
The City Dyrrhachium (Durres) from Its Foundation to the 10 century
Authors: Qerimi Muhamet
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the research paper is to examines the historical significance of Dyrrhachium (modern-day Durrës), as a pivotal economic, commercial, and political center in the Adriatic region from antiquity to the medieval period.
The scientific novelty resides in its meticulous exploration of Dyrrhachium’s economic, commercial, and political significance in during Antiquity and the early Middle Ages. The research elucidates the city’s remarkable ability to navigate and thrive amidst various external challenges, offering invaluable insights into the dynamics of the Adriatic region during both ancient and medieval periods. This study contributes to a nuanced understanding of regional interactions and socio-economic dynamics, shedding light on the intricate interplay of factors that shaped Dyrrhachium’s enduring prominence.
Conclusion. Dating back to its establishment by Hellenic settlers around 625 BCE, Dyrrhachium witnessed a remarkable trajectory of development under various rulers, including the Romans and Byzantines, despite enduring significant external threats such as Ostrogoth and Slavic invasions. Notably, the construction of the Egnatia road served as a catalyst, amplifying Dyrrhachium’s economic importance by facilitating trade between the Eastern and Western regions. Through tumultuous times, Dyrrhachium showcased remarkable economic resilience, ultimately emerging as the preeminent city in the Byzantine Empire’s Balkan region.
The despite facing numerous political upheavals and external invasions over the centuries, Dyrrhachium emerged as an exemplar of resilience, establishing itself as a stalwart economic and political nucleus in the Adriatic region. Its strategic location, complemented by robust commercial activities and administrative autonomy, fortified Dyrrhachium’s position as a formidable player in regional affairs, ensuring its enduring prominence across antiquity and the medieval era.
MODELOS DE GESTÃO DA INOVAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA PARA PEQUENAS E MÉDIAS EMPRESAS DE TECNOLOGIA DA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO
Authors: Lima Presleyson , Maia Luiz
Published: June 2024

O objetivo da pesquisa foi realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre modelos de gestão da inovação em pequenas e médias empresas de tecnologia da informação e comunicação. Para isso, foi utilizada a técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica e adotado um protocolo Kitchenham que garantiu a qualidade dos estudos selecionados. Os principais resultados incluem a identificação de estratégias inovadoras robustas que poderiam ser incorporadas às empresas para otimizar o desempenho, além da necessidade de esquematizar modelos de negócios inovadores e flexíveis. Para estudos qualitativos, a pesquisa exploratório-descritiva foi fundamental, garantindo flexibilidade nos procedimentos metodológicos e possibilidade de descobertas inesperadas. Já para estudos quantitativos, os resultados se concentraram em importantes resultados relacionados à medição do sucesso da inovação nas PMEs de TIC, fornecendo um quadro para avaliar o sucesso através da adoção de processos e modelos que podem ser utilizados em outras áreas. As considerações finais apontaram para a importância da gestão da inovação nessas empresas para a criação e desenvolvimento de produtos e serviços avançados e diferenciados, destacando a relevância da metodologia de análise de conteúdo de Bardin (1977) para a análise dos dados. A conclusão para estudos quantitativos enfatizou a importância da estratégia de amostragem bem fundamentada, dos critérios bem definidos de seleção de estudos e extração de informações, que garantiram uma abordagem sistemática e reprodutível para identificar, avaliar e interpretar todas as pesquisas relevantes disponíveis sobre uma questão específica.
PRODUÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA DE PATENTES E STARTUPS NO ECOSSISTEMA BRASILEIRO EM 2023
Authors: Lima de Souza Junior Nilton , Galvani Cordeiro Matias Amanda
Published: June 2024

A inovação tecnológica é fundamental para o desenvolvimento econômico e a competitividade de mercado, sendo impulsionada pela implementação de novos produtos, serviços e modelos de negócios. Este estudo visa analisar a produção tecnológica das startups brasileiras, com foco na posse de patentes, utilizando dados de 2.593 startups ativas mapeadas pela Associação Brasileira de Startups em 2023. Metodologicamente, o estudo é descritivo e qualitativo, baseado em dados secundários quantificados e comparados com a literatura relevante. Os resultados revelam que 22,44% das startups possuem patentes, e essas empresas mostram maior engajamento com a academia (18,34%) e outros setores industriais (67,25%). As startups com patentes também estão mais presentes nas fases finais de desenvolvimento, como tração (33,79%) e escala (19,81%), e 42,99% delas receberam investimentos, em comparação a 35,92% das sem patentes. A análise indica que a posse de patentes serve como um indicador de qualidade, influenciando positivamente os investidores e promovendo a inovação dentro das startups. Além disso, as patentes fortalecem o sistema inovador e processos que envolvem a inovação aberta e colaborativa. Conclui-se que o desenvolvimento tecnológico, aliado à obtenção de patentes, funciona como estratégia eficaz para startups, resultando em benefícios substanciais para empresas, universidades e sociedade.
The predictors to self-reported and performance-based physical function in knee osteoarthritis patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Qian-wen , Man Gene Chi-wai , Choi Ben Chi-yin , Yeung Yi-man , Qiu Ji-hong , Lu Xiao-min , Ong Michael Tim-yun , Yung Patrick Shu-hang
Published: June 2024

Background

Osteoarthritis (OA) knee patients have limited ability in physical function, or difficulties with physical tasks and activities may develop disability. This study aimed to observe the predictors of self-reported and performance-based physical function in patients with knee OA by analyzing the impacts of demographic, pathological, and muscle impairment factors.

Methods

135 knee OA patients participated in this study to complete self-reported questionnaires using Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). When measuring performance-based physical function, a 6-meter gait speed (6MGS) test was measured to evaluate their mobility, and a 5-time Sit-to-Stand test (5STS) was assessed to evaluate their balance. Pain intensity, knee extensor and flexor muscle strength, age, body mass index (BMI), durations of symptoms, and radiographic severity were also collected. Spearman correlation and stepwise multiple linear regression were used to explore the association and predictors in self-reported and performance-based physical function.

Results

BMI and durations of symptoms did not indicate any significant correlation with either self-reported or performance-based physical function. Age is significantly negatively associated with 6MGS (r2 = −0.383, p < 0.01), while knee extensor muscle strength has a moderate correlation with 5STS (r2 = −0.528, p < 0.01). In the stepwise multiple linear regression models, pain intensity (β = 0.712, p < 0.001), knee flexor muscle strength (β = 0.112, p = 0.042) were significantly associated with self-reported physical function in daily activities and contributed to 55.0% of the variance in KOOS-PF score. Knee muscle strength, including knee extensor (5STS: β = −0.428, p < 0.001) and flexor muscle strength (6MGS: β = 0.367, p < 0.001), were the main predictors with performance-based physical function.

Conclusion

Pain intensity was the leading risk factor of self-reported physical function, and knee flexor muscle strength contributed as well. The severity of knee OA, durations of symptoms and BMI did not contribute to physical function. However, knee extensor and flexor muscle strength were the main predictors of performance-based performance. Our results show that strengthening of weak knee muscles in both quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength should be considered a priory consideration in knee OA no matter if people are in the early or end-stage of knee OA.
A rapid prototyped atmospheric non-thermal plasma-activated aerosol device and anti-bacterial characterisation
Authors: de Oliveira Mallia Jefferson , Griffin Sholeem , Buttigieg Clara , Gatt Ruben
Published: June 2024

Non-plasma technologies are being extensively investigated for their potential to mitigate microbial growth through the production of various reactive species. Predominantly, studies utilise atmospheric non-thermal plasma to produce plasma-activated liquids. The advancement of plasma-liquid applications has led to the investigation of plasma-activated aerosols (PAAs). This study aimed to produce a rapid-prototyped plasma-activated aerosol setup and perform chemical and anti-bacterial characterisation on the resultant activated aerosols. The setup was produced using stereolithography 3D printing, and air was used as the carrier gas. The novel design of the device allowed for the direct production of PAAs without the prior generation of plasma-activated water and subsequent aerosolisation. The generated PAAs were assessed for nitrite, hydrogen peroxide and ozone content using colourimetric assays. Anti-bacterial efficacy was tested against three human pathogenic strains: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica. It was observed that nitrite and ozone contact concentration increased with exposure time, yet no hydrogen peroxide was detected. The generated PAAs showed significant zones of no growth for all bacterial strains. These devices, therefore, show potential to be used as anti-bacterial disinfection technologies.
Lithium-coupled electron transfer reactions of nano-confined WOx within Zr-based metal–organic framework
Authors: Ghuffar Hafsa Abdul , Noh Hyunho
Published: June 2024

Interfacial charge transfer reactions involving cations and electrons are fundamental to (photo/electro) catalysis, energy storage, and beyond. Lithium-coupled electron transfer (LCET) at the electrode-electrolyte interfaces of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is a preeminent example to highlight the importance of charge transfer in modern-day society. The thermodynamics of LCET reactions define the minimal energy for charge/discharge of LIBs, and yet, these parameters are rarely available in the literature. Here, we demonstrate the successful incorporation of tungsten oxides (WOx) within a chemically stable Zr-based metal−organic framework (MOF), MOF-808. Cyclic voltammograms (CVs) of the composite, WOx@MOF-808, in Li+-containing acetonitrile (MeCN)-based electrolytes showed an irreversible, cathodic Faradaic feature that shifted in a Nernstian fashion with respect to the Li+ concentration, i.e., ∼59 mV/log [(Li+)]. The Nernstian dependence established 1:1 stoichiometry of Li+ and e−. Using the standard redox potential of Li+/0, the apparent free energy of lithiation of WOx@MOF-808 (ΔGapp,Li) was calculated to be −36 ± 1 kcal mol−1. ΔGapp,Li is an intrinsic parameter of WOx@MOF-808, and thus by deriving the similar reaction free energies of other metal oxides, their direct comparisons can be achieved. Implications of the reported measurements will be further contrasted to proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions on metal oxides.
The existential realities of dancing
Authors: Sheets-Johnstone Maxine
Published: June 2024

Can we again learn about ourselves and our surrounding world through dance as we age, thereby promoting our own health? This article documents facts of life showing that “older adults” do not have to learn to be cognitive of their movement, affective dispositions, or surrounding world; they have been experientially cognitive of all by way of tactility, kinesthesia, and affectivity from the beginning. Present-day cognitive neuroscience, concentrating and theorizing as it does on the brain's neuroplasticity, is however deficient in recognizing these experiential realities. Research studies on the brain and behavior, in contrast, demonstrate that coordination dynamics are the defining feature of both neurological and kinesthetic coordination dynamics. These dynamics are central to corporeal concepts, to the recognition of if–then relationships, and to thinking in movement. In effect, the brain is part of a whole-body nervous system. The study proceeds to show that the qualitative dynamics of movement that subtend coordination dynamics are basic to not only everyday movement but also to dancing—to experiencing movement kinesthetically and to being a mindful body. When Merce Cunningham writes that dance gives you that “single fleeting moment when you feel alive” and is not for “unsteady souls” and English writer D. H. Lawrence writes that “[w]e ought to dance with rapture that we are alive, and in the flesh, and part of the living incarnate cosmos,” their words are incentives to those who are aging to awaken tactilely, kinesthetically, and affectively to the existential realities of dance.
Emotional modulation of statistical learning in visual search
Authors: Zinchenko Artyom , Bierlich Afton M. , Conci Markus , Müller Hermann J. , Geyer Thomas
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Visual search is facilitated when participants encounter targets in repeated display arrangements. This “contextual-cueing” effect is attributed to incidental learning of spatial distractor-target relations, which subsequently guides visual search more effectively toward the target location. Conversely, behaviorally significant, though task-irrelevant, negative emotional stimuli may involuntarily capture attention and thus hamper performance in visual search. This raises the question of how these two attention-guiding factors connect.

Methods

To this end, we investigated how an emotionally alerting stimulus induced by different classes of emotional (face, scene) pictures prior to the search task relates to memory-related plasticity. We tested 46 participants who were presented with repeated and non-repeated search layouts, preceded at variable (50, 500, 1,000 ms) intervals by emotional vs. neutral faces or scenes.

Results

We found that contextual learning was increased with emotional compared to neutral scenes, which resulted in no contextual cueing was observed at all, while no modulation of the cueing effect was observed for emotional (vs. neutral) faces. This modulation occurred independent of the intervals between the emotional stimulus and the search display.

Discussion

We conclude that emotional scenes are particularly effective in withdrawing attentional resources, biasing individual participants to perform a visual search task in a passive, i.e., receptive, manner, which, in turn, improves automatic contextual learning.
Open- vs. closed-chest pig models of donation after circulatory death
Authors: Hubacher Valentin , Egle Manuel , Graf Selianne , Arnold Maria , Segiser Adrian , Sanz Maria Nieves , Casoni Daniela , Garcia Casalta Luisana , Nettelbeck Kay , Mihalj Maks , Siepe Matthias , Kadner Alexander , Longnus Sarah
Published: June 2024

Background

During donation after circulatory death (DCD), cardiac grafts are exposed to potentially damaging conditions that can impact their quality and post-transplantation outcomes. In a clinical DCD setting, patients have closed chests in most cases, while many experimental models have used open-chest conditions. We therefore aimed to investigate and characterize differences in open- vs. closed-chest porcine models.

Methods

Withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy (WLST) was simulated in anesthetized juvenile male pigs by stopping mechanical ventilation following the administration of a neuromuscular block. Functional warm ischemic time (fWIT) was defined to start when systolic arterial pressure was <50 mmHg. Hemodynamic changes and blood chemistry were analyzed. Two experimental groups were compared: (i) an open-chest group with sternotomy prior to WLST and (ii) a closed-chest group with sternotomy after fWIT.

Results

Hemodynamic changes during the progression from WLST to fWIT were initiated by a rapid decline in blood oxygen saturation and a subsequent cardiovascular hyperdynamic (HD) period characterized by temporary elevations in heart rates and arterial pressures in both groups. Subsequently, heart rate and systolic arterial pressure decreased until fWIT was reached. Pigs in the open-chest group displayed a more rapid transition to the HD phase after WLST, with peak heart rate and peak rate-pressure product occurring significantly earlier. Furthermore, the HD phase duration tended to be shorter and less intense (lower peak rate-pressure product) in the open-chest group than in the closed-chest group.

Discussion

Progression from WLST to fWIT was more rapid, and the hemodynamic changes tended to be less pronounced in the open-chest group than in the closed-chest group. Our findings support clear differences between open- and closed-chest models of DCD. Therefore, recommendations for clinical DCD protocols based on findings in open-chest models must be interpreted with care.
Advances and challenges in mechanical support for cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarct: a comprehensive review of the latest data
Authors: Papanikolaou Amalia , Chlorogiannis David Dimitris , Apostolos Anastasios , Mavridis Theodoros , Tsigkas Grigorios
Published: June 2024

Cardiogenic Shock represents a life-threatening condition characterized by high mortality and a spectrum of clinical presentations, complicating ~5%−10% of patients presenting with Acute Coronary Syndromes. Despite advances in interventional cardiology and emergency medicine, mortality rates remain extremely high and evidence concerning its management is scarce. Consequently, the decision making relies heavily on a single operator's experience. This comprehensive review aims to provide a thorough update on the latest proof regarding mechanical circulatory support devices of the left ventricle and examines the role of the classification scores on the selection of the appropriate patient and timing for the initiation of the device. The five necessary steps to a successful mechanical circulatory support device's insertion. The picture was made by Pixlr AI Image Generator.
The fate of remnant trees after wind disturbances in boreal and temperate forests
Authors: Palm-Hellenurm Kristiina , Bāders Endijs , Frelich Lee E. , Köster Kajar , Metslaid Marek , Polyachenko Olga , Seedre Meelis , Shorohova Ekaterina , Stanturf John A. , Vodde Floortje , Jõgiste Kalev
Published: June 2024

Trees that survive disturbances are important biological legacies that facilitate forests’ recovery and enhance their structural and species diversity, substantially contributing to the resilience of these ecosystems. The dynamic pattern of legacy syndromes sets the understudied aspects of survivors of wind disturbance into focus. Several factors at tree, stand, and landscape scales alter the susceptibility of the remnant trees, and affect their potential to recover and survive subsequent disturbances. The characteristics of the survivors interact with direct stress and mortality drivers such as changed environmental conditions and pressure by pests and pathogens. Climate change further enhances the post-storm vulnerability of the remaining stand. This literature review analyzes the impact of disturbance parameters (e.g., severity, seasonal timing) and characteristics of the affected forest (e.g., tree species composition, successional stage of a forest stand) on the conditions of survivors through post-windthrow stand development. We attempted to reveal the main agents and processes driving the fate of remnant trees and linked delayed mortality patterns to the main stand-scale wind disturbance regimes in Eurasian and North American boreal and temperate forests: (1) stand-replacing, (2) partially stand-replacing, and (3) fine-scale gap disturbance. We found that after stand-replacing wind disturbance, the spatial location of the remaining trees largely determines their onward fate, whereas these survivors are generally more susceptible to subsequent mortality compared to trees that survived less severe events. After partially stand-replacing wind disturbance, the structure of the remnant stand as well as characteristics of the individual remnant trees (e.g., species, age, size) largely determine their survival probability. Following a fine-scale gap disturbance, the trees at the gap edge are more likely to die, compared to the trees situated in the stand interior, but the mortality-causing processes usually operate on a longer time scale. Our findings contribute to the current knowledge on post-windthrow stand development and offer insights into temporal stability of these increasingly important biological legacies.
Multi-omics analysis and experimental validation of the value of monocyte-associated features in prostate cancer prognosis and immunotherapy
Authors: Wang YaXuan , Li Chao , He JiaXing , Zhao QingYun , Zhou Yu , Sun HaoDong , Zhu HaiXia , Ding BeiChen , Ren MingHua
Published: June 2024

Background

Monocytes play a critical role in tumor initiation and progression, with their impact on prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) not yet fully understood. This study aimed to identify key monocyte-related genes and elucidate their mechanisms in PRAD.

Method

Utilizing the TCGA-PRAD dataset, immune cell infiltration levels were assessed using CIBERSORT, and their correlation with patient prognosis was analyzed. The WGCNA method pinpointed 14 crucial monocyte-related genes. A diagnostic model focused on monocytes was developed using a combination of machine learning algorithms, while a prognostic model was created using the LASSO algorithm, both of which were validated. Random forest and gradient boosting machine singled out CCNA2 as the most significant gene related to prognosis in monocytes, with its function further investigated through gene enrichment analysis. Mendelian randomization analysis of the association of HLA-DR high-expressing monocytes with PRAD. Molecular docking was employed to assess the binding affinity of CCNA2 with targeted drugs for PRAD, and experimental validation confirmed the expression and prognostic value of CCNA2 in PRAD.

Result

Based on the identification of 14 monocyte-related genes by WGCNA, we developed a diagnostic model for PRAD using a combination of multiple machine learning algorithms. Additionally, we constructed a prognostic model using the LASSO algorithm, both of which demonstrated excellent predictive capabilities. Analysis with random forest and gradient boosting machine algorithms further supported the potential prognostic value of CCNA2 in PRAD. Gene enrichment analysis revealed the association of CCNA2 with the regulation of cell cycle and cellular senescence in PRAD. Mendelian randomization analysis confirmed that monocytes expressing high levels of HLA-DR may promote PRAD. Molecular docking results suggested a strong affinity of CCNA2 for drugs targeting PRAD. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry experiments validated the upregulation of CCNA2 expression in PRAD and its correlation with patient prognosis.

Conclusion

Our findings offer new insights into monocyte heterogeneity and its role in PRAD. Furthermore, CCNA2 holds potential as a novel targeted drug for PRAD.
Acupuncture for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Xiao Lingyong , Qin Yuan , Yang Huan , Wei Xiangcheng , Li Lanping , Zhao Shiqing , Dai Xiaoyu
Published: June 2024

Background

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus, often causing pain or numbness in the patient’s limbs and even leading to amputation and death. Elderly patients with DPN usually have higher morbidity and more severe results. Acupuncture has been widely used as an effective treatment for DPN in China. However, the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of DPN remains unclear. In this review, we aimed to explore the impact of acupuncture in alleviating symptoms of DPN.

Method and analysis

Six databases were searched from inception to October 2023. We searched Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and three Chinese databases, namely China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), SinoMed, and Wanfang. All randomized controlled trials related to the effect of acupuncture on DPN will be included. There was no restriction in language or publication year. The primary outcome is the response rate. The secondary outcomes are the Toronto clinical scoring system (TCSS), nerve conduction velocities (NCVs), and blood glucose before and after the treatment. Two researchers will be responsible for the selection of study, data extraction, and assessment of study quality independently. RevMan V5.1.0 software will be used to assess the risk of bias and generate data.

Results

We searched 4518 studies, among which 9 RCTs were considered eligible. Overall, acupuncture treatment had a higher response rate than controls (relative risk (RR), −2.87 [95% confidence interval (CI), −5.27 to −0.48], p = 0.02) and significantly alleviated the symptoms of DPN patients, reduced their blood glucose levels, and improved their NCVs compared to the control group. This study will provide a high-quality synthesis of current available evidence for the clinical treatment of DPN with this therapy.

Conclusion

The results suggested that acupuncture might be effective in improving symptoms of DPN in elderly patients. Owing to the overall low quality of the literature included, we need more large-sample, high-quality, and low-bias studies to prove it.
Case report: A rare case of simultaneous necrotizing fasciitis of the breast and forearm
Authors: Xu Ruofei , Fang Tingting , Cai Weikang
Published: June 2024

Necrotizing fasciitis is an aggressive bacterial infection that causes necrosis of the fascia and subcutaneous tissues with rapid progression and high mortality. Early stages often lead to misdiagnosis, resulting in improper treatment and severe implications. This case study presents a patient with diabetes mellitus combined with hepatitis B who rapidly developed necrotizing fasciitis of the left forearm and left breast after trauma and controlled the infection with early surgical treatment. It is worth noting that early surgical exploration is the gold standard for the diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis and is the most effective means of reducing mortality and amputation rates in necrotizing fasciitis.
Multi-granularity contrastive learning model for next POI recommendation
Authors: Zhu Yunfeng , Yao Shuchun , Sun Xun
Published: June 2024

Next Point-of-Interest (POI) recommendation aims to predict the next POI for users from their historical activities. Existing methods typically rely on location-level POI check-in trajectories to explore user sequential transition patterns, which suffer from the severe check-in data sparsity issue. However, taking into account region-level and category-level POI sequences can help address this issue. Moreover, collaborative information between different granularities of POI sequences is not well utilized, which can facilitate mutual enhancement and benefit to augment user preference learning. To address these challenges, we propose multi-granularity contrastive learning (MGCL) for next POI recommendation, which utilizes multi-granularity representation and contrastive learning to improve the next POI recommendation performance. Specifically, location-level POI graph, category-level, and region-level sequences are first constructed. Then, we use graph convolutional networks on POI graph to extract cross-user sequential transition patterns. Furthermore, self-attention networks are used to learn individual user sequential transition patterns for each granularity level. To capture the collaborative signals between multi-granularity, we apply the contrastive learning approach. Finally, we jointly train the recommendation and contrastive learning tasks. Extensive experiments demonstrate that MGCL is more effective than state-of-the-art methods.
Progress and prospects of biomarker-based targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Zeng Zhu , Zhu Qing
Published: June 2024

Gastric cancer and gastroesophageal junction cancer represent the leading cause of tumor-related death worldwide. Although advances in immunotherapy and molecular targeted therapy have expanded treatment options, they have not significantly altered the prognosis for patients with unresectable or metastatic gastric cancer. A minority of patients, particularly those with PD-L1–positive, HER-2–positive, or MSI-high tumors, may benefit more from immune checkpoint inhibitors and/or HER-2–directed therapies in advanced stages. However, for those lacking specific targets and unique molecular features, conventional chemotherapy remains the only recommended effective and durable regimen. In this review, we summarize the roles of various signaling pathways and further investigate the available targets. Then, the current results of phase II/III clinical trials in advanced gastric cancer, along with the superiorities and limitations of the existing biomarkers, are specifically discussed. Finally, we will offer our insights in precision treatment pattern when encountering the substantial challenges.
Cardio-oncology in advanced prostate cancer
Authors: Chen Kenneth , Wong Ting Hong , Tan Yu Guang , Tay Kae Jack , Tan Wei Chong , Chan Johan , Ho Henry , Cheng Christopher , Teoh Jeremy Yuen-Chun , Chiu Peter Ka-Fung , Wang Hung Jen , Saad Marniza Binti , Kanesvaran Ravindran , Li You Quan , Ng Choon Ta , Tuan Jeffrey Kit Loong , Yuen John Shyi Peng
Published: June 2024

Treatment intensification with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPi) have led to improved survival in advanced prostate cancer. However, ADT is linked to significant cardiovascular toxicity, and ARPi also negatively impacts cardiovascular health. Together with a higher prevalence of baseline cardiovascular risk factors reported among prostate cancer survivors at diagnosis, there is a pressing need to prioritise and optimise cardiovascular health in this population. Firstly, While no dedicated cardiovascular toxicity risk calculators are available, other tools such as SCORE2 can be used for baseline cardiovascular risk assessment. Next, selected patients on combination therapy may benefit from de-escalation of ADT to minimise its toxicities while maintaining cancer control. These patients can be characterised by an exceptional PSA response to hormonal treatment, favourable disease characteristics and competing comorbidities that warrant a less aggressive treatment regime. In addition, emerging molecular and genomic biomarkers hold the potential to identify patients who are suited for a de-escalated treatment approach either with ADT or with ARPi. One such biomarker is AR-V7 splice variant that predicts resistance to ARPi. Lastly, optimization of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors for patients through a coherent framework (ABCDE) and exercise therapy is equally important. This article aims to comprehensively review the cardiovascular impact of hormonal manipulation in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, propose overarching strategies to mitigate cardiovascular toxicity associated with hormonal treatment, and, most importantly, raise awareness about the detrimental cardiovascular effects inherent in our current management strategies involving hormonal agents.
Imaging of colorectal adenomas with pseudoinvasion and malignant polyps using two-photon excitation microscopy
Authors: Florea Maria-Alexandra , Eftimie Lucian George , Glogojeanu Remus Relu , Hristu Radu , Stanciu George A. , Costache Mariana
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Although the incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer exhibit significant variability, it remains one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Endeavors to prevent colorectal cancer development focus on detecting precursor lesions during colonoscopy. The diagnosis of endoscopically resected polyps relies on hematoxylin and eosin staining examination. For challenging cases like adenomatous polyps with epithelial misplacement, additional diagnostic methods could prove beneficial.

Methods

This paper aims to underscore stromal changes observed in malignant polyps and polyps with pseudoinvasion, leveraging two-photon excitation microscopy (TPEM), a technique extensively employed in the medical field in recent years.

Results and discussions

Both the subjective and quantitative analysis of TPEM images revealed distinct distributions and densities of collagen at the invasion front in malignant polyps compared to areas of pseudoinvasion. TPEM holds potential in discerning true invasion in malignant polyps from pseudoinvasion, offering enhanced visualization of local stromal changes.
miR-617 interacts with the promoter of DDX27 and positively regulates its expression: implications for cancer therapeutics
Authors: Sarkar Neelanjana , Mishra Radha , Gopal Champaka , Kumar Arun
Published: June 2024

Background

Pervasive transcription of the eukaryotic genome generates noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which regulate messenger RNA (mRNA) stability and translation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) represent a group of well-studied ncRNAs that maintain cellular homeostasis. Thus, any aberration in miRNA expression can cause diseases, including carcinogenesis. According to microRNA microarray analyses, intronic miR-617 is significantly downregulated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissues compared to normal oral tissues.

Methods

The miR-617-mediated regulation of DDX27 is established by performing experiments on OSCC cell lines, patient samples, and xenograft nude mice model. Overexpression plasmid constructs, bisulphite sequencing PCR, bioinformatics analyses, RT-qPCR, Western blotting, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and cell-based assays are utilized to delineate the role of miR-617 in OSCC.

Results

The present study shows that miR-617 has an anti-proliferative role in OSCC cells and is partly downregulated in OSCC cells due to the hypermethylation of its independent promoter. Further, we demonstrate that miR-617 upregulates DDX27 gene by interacting with its promoter in a dose-dependent and sequence-specific manner, and this interaction is found to be biologically relevant in OSCC patient samples. Subsequently, we show that miR-617 regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, and anchorage-independent growth of OSCC cells by modulating DDX27 levels. Besides, our study shows that miR-617 exerts its effects through the PI3K/AKT/MTOR pathway via regulating DDX27 levels. Furthermore, the OSCC xenograft study in nude mice shows the anti-tumorigenic potential of miR-617.

Conclusion

miR-617-mediated upregulation of DDX27 is a novel mechanism in OSCC and underscores the therapeutic potential of synthetic miR-617 mimics in cancer therapeutics. To the best of our knowledge, miR-617 is the 15th example of a miRNA that upregulates the expression of a protein-coding gene by interacting with its promoter.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress and quality control in relation to cisplatin resistance in tumor cells
Authors: Mu Wentao , Zhi Yao , Zhou Jianpeng , Wang Chuanlei , Chai Kaiyuan , Fan Zhongqi , Lv Guoyue
Published: June 2024

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a crucial organelle that orchestrates key cellular functions like protein folding and lipid biosynthesis. However, it is highly sensitive to disturbances that lead to ER stress. In response, the unfolded protein response (UPR) activates to restore ER homeostasis, primarily through three sensors: IRE1, ATF6, and PERK. ERAD and autophagy are crucial in mitigating ER stress, yet their dysregulation can lead to the accumulation of misfolded proteins. Cisplatin, a commonly used chemotherapy drug, induces ER stress in tumor cells, activating complex signaling pathways. Resistance to cisplatin stems from reduced drug accumulation, activation of DNA repair, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. Notably, cisplatin-induced ER stress can dualistically affect tumor cells, promoting either survival or apoptosis, depending on the context. ERAD is crucial for degrading misfolded proteins, whereas autophagy can protect cells from apoptosis or enhance ER stress-induced apoptosis. The complex interaction between ER stress, cisplatin resistance, ERAD, and autophagy opens new avenues for cancer treatment. Understanding these processes could lead to innovative strategies that overcome chemoresistance, potentially improving outcomes of cisplatin-based cancer treatments. This comprehensive review provides a multifaceted perspective on the complex mechanisms of ER stress, cisplatin resistance, and their implications in cancer therapy.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, anti-diabetic drugs in heart failure and cognitive impairment: potential mechanisms of the protective effects
Authors: Riemma Maria Antonietta , Mele Elena , Donniacuo Maria , Telesca Marialucia , Bellocchio Gabriella , Castaldo Giuseppe , Rossi Francesco , De Angelis Antonella , Cappetta Donato , Urbanek Konrad , Berrino Liberato
Published: June 2024

Heart failure and cognitive impairment emerge as public health problems that need to be addressed due to the aging global population. The conditions that often coexist are strongly related to advancing age and multimorbidity. Epidemiological evidence indicates that cardiovascular disease and neurodegenerative processes shares similar aspects, in term of prevalence, age distribution, and mortality. Type 2 diabetes increasingly represents a risk factor associated not only to cardiometabolic pathologies but also to neurological conditions. The pathophysiological features of type 2 diabetes and its metabolic complications (hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance) play a crucial role in the development and progression of both heart failure and cognitive dysfunction. This connection has opened to a potential new strategy, in which new classes of anti-diabetic medications, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, are able to reduce the overall risk of cardiovascular events and neuronal damage, showing additional protective effects beyond glycemic control. The pleiotropic effects of GLP-1R agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors have been extensively investigated. They exert direct and indirect cardioprotective and neuroprotective actions, by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, ions overload, and restoring insulin signaling. Nonetheless, the specificity of pathways and their contribution has not been fully elucidated, and this underlines the urgency for more comprehensive research.
Reaching conceptual stability by re-articulating empirical and theoretical work on affordances
Authors: Malo Roman , Prié Yannick
Published: June 2024

Theoretical developments on affordances have proliferated, resulting in a lack of conceptual stability and a potential compromise in scientific validity. However, affordances should not be discarded, given their centrality in post-cognitive theories and their widespread reuse across various research domains. Empirical research on affordances remains sparse, out of sync with theoretical advancements, and thus unable to contribute effectively to scientific progress due to its disarticulation with theoretical work. That is why re-articulating theoretical and empirical investigations on affordances is needed to pave a more fruitful path for the concept’s advancement. To accomplish this objective, emphasis must be placed on empirical research, leveraging recent theoretical propositions and devising corresponding empirical methodologies. The proposed requirements and framework represent a step in this endeavor.
Continuance intention and digital health resources from the perspective of elaboration likelihood model and DART model: a structural equation modeling analysis
Authors: Fei Chengcheng , Zhou Haixia , Wu Wei , Jiang Longyuan , Xu Yuanqi , Yu Haiyan
Published: June 2024

Background

Internet hospitals, online health communities, and other digital health APPs have brought many changes to people’s lives. However, digital health resources are experiencing low continuance intention due to many factors, including information security, service quality, and personal characteristics of users.

Methods

We used cross-sectional surveys and structural equation modeling analysis to explore factors influencing user willingness to continue using digital health resources.

Results

Information quality (β = 0.31, p < 0.05), service quality (β = 0.19, p < 0.05), platform reputation (β = 0.34, p < 0.05), and emotional support (β = 0.23, p < 0.05) have significant positive effects on user value co-creation behavior. Additionally, user trust and perceived usefulness could mediate the association between user value co-creation behavior and continuance intention, with mediation effects of 0.143 and 0.125, respectively. User involvement can positively moderate the association between user value co-creation behavior and user trust (β = 0.151, t = 2.480, p < 0.001). Also, user involvement can positively moderate the association between value co-creation behavior and perceived usefulness (β = 0.103, t = 3.377, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The keys to solving the problem of low continuance intention are improving the quality and service level of digital health resources, and promoting users’ value co-creation behavior. Meanwhile, enterprises should build a good reputation, create a positive communication atmosphere in the community, and enhance user participation and sense of belonging.
NPCs in video games: a reflective resource for sports coaches and participant engagement
Authors: Yin Chenxi
Published: June 2024

This perspective article explores the potential of non-player characters (NPCs) in video games as a reflective tool for coaches to enhance participant engagement in sports. While coaches traditionally focus on movement skill instruction, their role extends to fostering young people's immersion in sports contexts and potentially contribute to the possibility of lifelong participation. However, challenges persist in translating coaching theory in coach education programs into practice, including the awareness of roles and how to make young people immersion in sports. Integrating elements from video games, where NPCs play pivotal roles in shaping player experiences, presents a possible avenue for re-thinking the role of coach, especially in participation. By drawing parallels between NPCs and coaches, this article advocates for a new reflection tool for coaching roles. Future research should investigate the effectiveness of leveraging NPCs to enhance athlete engagement and motivation, ultimately creating dynamic and inclusive coaching environments that cater to the evolving needs of participants.
The NLRP3 inflammasome in ischemic stroke
Authors: Masenga Sepiso K. , Kirabo Annet
Published: June 2024

Ischemic stroke is a more common type of stroke and a leading cause of physical disability, cognitive decline, and death worldwide. Events occurring after an ischemic stroke episode determine the severity and outcomes. The NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has emerged as a major contributor to the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Understanding its role in propagating ischemic injury is cardinal for therapeutic interventional research. In this review we summarize the current understanding of the underlying role of the NLRP3 inflammasome as well as highlight the current strides made in targeting the inflammasome as a modality to attenuate the effects of ischemic injury on brain tissue after a stroke event. We found that ischemic stroke initiates a cascade of complex intracellular processes beginning with oxidative stress that activates the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) consequentially activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. The NLRP3 inflammasome initiates inflammatory responses that exacerbate ischemic stroke. We have also briefly summarized the role of genetic susceptibility in stroke and its potential usage in clinical settings. Briefly, genetic mutations encoding the NLRP3 inflammasome are linked to stroke prognosis. A combination of advanced genetic testing and risk stratification based on sociodemographic, dietary, and lifestyle factors is encouraged for stroke prevention. IL-1β and IL-18 antagonists have been shown to inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome consequently attenuating the adverse effects of ischemic stroke.
It Runs in the Family: The Importance of the Lamiaceae Family Species
Authors: Chrysargyris Antonios
Published: June 2024

Medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) are becoming increasingly popular in industry, education, agriculture, and health disciplines due to their extensive collection of bioactive chemicals that enhance biological activity in vitro and in vivo.[...]