bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TBD
Authors: Hoes Charles , Flint Lee
Published: May 2022

During the past couple of years, I have been involved with things such as introducing system safety concepts into engineering courses. This, and other activities, has caused me to question what it is that makes the profession of system safety “special” — or at least different — from other approaches to achieving safety. My first reaction is that it is something you recognize when you see it. It usually takes only a quick review of a safety plan or effort to determine if it is a “system safety” effort. This isn’t always helpful when talking to those that haven’t “seen the light.” I wonder if there isn’t something fundamentally different between “traditional” safety (whatever that might be) and “system safety.”
Comparison of Oncologic Outcomes Between Radiation Therapy and Transoral Laser Microsurgery for Early Glottic and Supraglottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma; a Retrospective Cohort Study with Literature Review
Authors: Khadivi Ehsan , Fanipakdel Azar , Ahmadi Ahmadreza , Morovatdar Negar , Vakili Niloofar , Dehghani Mansoureh
Published: May 2022

Background: Laryngeal cancer is known as the second most common airway cancer. These tumors are usually diagnosed early; thus, it is important to choose the optimal treatment modality. Several studies are comparing transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) and radiotherapy in early-stage laryngeal cancer. Due to a paucity of high-quality research and the lack of conclusive randomized prospective studies, standard care for early glottic cancer is still a matter of controversy. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, T1-T2N0M0 laryngeal cancer patients who underwent TLM or radiotherapy were compared with statistical methods in terms of Recurrence Rate, Organ (Larynx) Preservation Rate, Mortality Rate, and Overall Survival. Results: A total of 123 patients were evaluated in this study, 65 of whom underwent TLM and 58 underwent radiotherapy. There was no significant difference in demographic and medical characteristics of patients. The rate of recurrence was 27.3% in the TLM group and 43.6% in the radiotherapy group. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.114). Overall mortality rate (5.4% vs 39.6%, P = 0.001), Disease-specific mortality rate (5.5% vs 39.9%, P = 0.001), and aorgan preservation rate (98.5%vs 89.7%, P = 0.035) were all in favor of TLM. Conclusions: TLM appears to be the treatment of choice in patients with early laryngeal cancer due to a better overall survival rate, lower disease-specific mortality rate, and better organ preservation rate than definitive radiotherapy.
Soluble T Cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin Domain-3 (sTIM-3) Predicts Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD) in Iranian Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Nalini Ronak , Roshandel Elham , Tavakoli Ardakani Maria , Kazemi Mohammad Hossein , Ghaffari-Nazari Haniyeh , Hajifathali Abbas , Soleimani Masoud
Published: May 2022

Background: T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3) is an immune-checkpoint molecule that is upregulated following allogeneic immune responses and could play an important role in the development and pathogenesis of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The soluble form of TIM-3 (sTIM-3) is increased following the upregulation of membranous TIM-3. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between plasma level of sTIM-3 and acute GVHD (aGVHD) incidence in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Methods: Blood samples were collected from 42 allo-HSCT patients and 20 healthy individuals 2 weeks after allo-HSCT. The plasma level of sTIM-3 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The clinical and demographic data of patients were collected from the clinical documents. Data analysis was evaluated using student t-test and one-way ANOVA tests. P-values less than 0.05 were assumed statistically significant. Results: Among 18 (42.8%) patients with aGVHD symptoms, 10 (23.8%) had severe GVHD and 8 (19%) experienced mild GVHD. Plasma sTIM-3 levels at day +14 were significantly higher in patients who developed aGVHD compared to allo-HSCT patients without GVHD and also the healthy control individuals (P-value = 0.015 and < 0.001). Among the aGVHD patients, the sTIM-3 levels in those with severe GVHD were approximately 2.5 times higher than those with mild GVHD (P-value < 0.001). Conclusions: We have identified a high plasma level of sTIM-3 as a valuable biomarker in predicting the development of acute GVHD, especially severe aGVHD in allo-HSCT patients.
Assessment of Different Radioiodine Doses for Post-ablation Therapy of Thyroid Remnants: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ansari Mojtaba , Rezaei Tavirani Mostafa
Published: May 2022

: The determination of radioiodine remnant ablation (RRA) dosage in post-operation thyroid residual tissues resection has been largely subject of discussion, yet no concise conclusion is released through systematic review studies. In this study, we conducted a systematic review of comparative experiments to evaluate and compare the efficacy of different prescribed dosages of radioiodine in post-op thyroid residual tissues resection among low, intermediate, and high-risk patients to approve the common method. Using automated searches, studies were collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, Elsevier, Scopus, and UpToDate, all until April 2021. Alongside the aforementioned sources, comparative experiments were added in for further investigation. Overall, 4000 patients with papillary thyroid cancer, differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), metastasized and non-metastasized thyroid cancer took part in twenty-one trials are assessed. We discovered no significant difference in successful thyroid residual tissues excision between low-activity and high-activity radioiodine treatment in people with low and intermediate risk. In these individuals, there was no significant difference between the high therapeutic dose of 3700 MBq and the lesser dose of 1850 MBq for RRA. However, high-dose treatment usually yielded superior results. Low activity RRA causes fewer adverse effects in metastasis-free patients than high-activity 3.7 GBq. There was no significant therapeutic difference regarding treatment efficacy in patients with low and moderate risks. However, in patients with high-risk status, applying a high-dose regimen of RRA produced a significantly better response.
Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Stress, Cognitive-Attentional Syndrome, and Blood Sugar Indices in Patients with Type II Diabetes
Authors: Khosravani1 Elahe , Sanagou Gholamreza , Shirazi Mahmoud , Rezaei Maryam
Published: May 2022

Background: Psychological problems are mainly overlooked in patients with chronic diseases. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on stress, cognitive-attentional syndrome, and blood sugar indices in patients with type II diabetes. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 40 patients with type II diabetes, referred to Birjand Diabetes Clinic in 2019 were selected via convenience sampling method. Later, subjects meeting inclusion criteria were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The former received treatment based on acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) in eight 90-minute weekly sessions. Controls received no intervention. Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) and glycosylated hemoglobin indices were measured for all participants before and after the intervention. The data were collected, followed by administering DASS scale developed by Lovibond and Lovibond (1995) and Wells cognitive attentional syndrome or CAS (2009) questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS 22. Univariate and multivariate analyses of covariance were also performed at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The participants’ mean educational level and age were (1.53 ± 2.70) and (6.03 ± 45.58), respectively. Also, the mean values of the variables CAS, stress, HBA1C, and FBS were (22.51 ± 94.09), (09.09 ± 36.30), (0.90 ± 7.34) and (29.09 ± 151.82), respectively. Also, the mean scores of stress (P = 0.002), CAS (P = 0.001), FBS (P = 0.001), and glycosylated hemoglobin (P = 0.001) indices were significantly lower in experimental compared to controls after the intervention. Conclusions: In general, ACT effectively reduced stress, cognitive attention syndrome, and blood sugar indices among patients with type II diabetes. Experts should consider formality of this training in diabetes care treatment programs.
The Effect of ACEI/ARB on the Outcomes of COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Sabaghian Tahereh , Heidari Almasi Minoo , Futuhi Farzaneh , Shabani Minoosh , Erfanifar Azam , Ebadi Seyed Alireza
Published: May 2022

: Considering that there are different reports about the effects of angiotensin II type-I receptor blockers (ARB) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) on the outcomes of the patients with COVID-19, we aimed to conduct this retrospective study on 138 hypertensive patients (81 ACEI/ARB users) to assess the patients’ outcomes by comparing ACEI/ARB and non-ACEI/ARB users. Multivariate adjusted cox regression model, by considering the effect of other variables, demonstrated that increased age (HR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01 -1.07, P =0.003) and non- ACEI/ARB users (HR = 2.12 95% CI = 1.12 - 4.13, P = 0.021) were associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality in about one week follow-up. In conclusion, we found that in-hospital mortality was lower in ACEI/ARB users, showing the positive effect of these treatments on patients’ outcomes.
Experimental study and recognition of natural gas hydrate chemical reagent - CO2 exploitation
Authors:   1State Key Laboratory of Natural Gas Hydrate, Beijing 100018, China    2College of offshore oil & gas engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Heilongjiang Daqing 163318, China  3Sanya Offshore Oil & Gas Research Institute, Northeast Petroleum University, Hainan Sanya 572025, China, ZHANG Haixiang , LV Xin , LI Li , LIU Shufen , LI Ji
Published: May 2022

Abstract In order to solve the problems of slow replacement rate and low degree of substitution in the process of CO2 displacement by natural gas hydrate, a method of chemical reagent-CO2 displacement combined mining experiment was proposed. Taking the thermodynamic methanol inhibitor as an example, three groups of experiments were carried out: critical temperature pressure condition for CH4 decomposition at different methanol concentrations, CH4 hydrate decomposition under the condition of methanol reagent at 30% concentration, and methanol reagent-CO2 combined mining. Experiments show that: (1) The concentration of methanol plays a decisive role in hydrate recovery. Methanol reagent has the property of highly reducing the formation temperature of hydrate. Methanol solution concentration is positively correlated with the critical temperature drop of hydrate decomposition and formation pressure. (2) The methanol solution decomposition of hydrate can be roughly divided into three stages: the initial stage of rapid decomposition, the competitive stage of hydrate decomposition and stable transformation, and the stable stage of decomposition. Through experimental simulation, it is concluded that formation pressure is a direct factor affecting the decomposition ability of methanol reagent to hydrate. By changing formation pressure, the rate of CH4 hydrate recovery can be improved. (3) A higher hydrate decomposition rate can be obtained based on the methanol reagent-CO2 displacement mining method. In the action of the methanol reagent, the subsequent injection of CO2 still promotes the decomposition of CH4, that is, the displacement of CO2 hydrate after the decomposition of the hydrate based on the methanol reagent is feasible. The research results are of great significance especially for large-scale mine test mining of permafrost natural gas hydrate chemical reagent method.
Opera House: triad conductor-director-teacher in the creative activity of E. V. Kolobov
Authors: Efanova Marina
Published: May 2022

The subject of the article is the multifaceted activity of an opera theater conductor in the unity of his directorial and pedagogical activity, necessary for professional development and creative realization of the team. The article identifies and describes various aspects of the complex impact on the opera theater staff through performing, communicative and emotional-volitional components on the example of the work of the outstanding Russian conductor, the founder of the New Opera Theater named after E.V. Kolobov, Evgeny Vladimirovich Kolobov (1946-2003). Methods of systematic and historical approaches, comparative and stylistic analysis, work with literary and musical sources were used in the work. The scientific novelty of the research consists in establishing the dialectical unity of different aspects of E. V. Kolobov's activity, which allows us to consider it as a symbiosis of conductor - director - teacher", in focusing attention on his pedagogical hypostasis, which had a huge impact on specific musicians and the theater team as a whole. The analysis of E.V. Kolobov's activity during his work at the Novaya Opera Theater allows us to get into the essence of his interpretations of the author's concepts and see the changing role of the orchestra in opera scores, as well as the interpretative and aesthetic principles that underlie opera conducting. It is proved that the tasks of an opera theater conductor include not only determining the repertoire policy, goals and objectives of joint creativity, organizing the rehearsal process, managing collective activities, but also creating conditions that contribute to the development of the creative capacities of musicians and singers.
Well pads frozen foundations at the Yamburg field in a climate change
Authors: Petrov Boris Vyacheslavovich , Kurbatov Aleksei Sergeevich , Polyakov Aleksandr Viktorovich
Published: May 2022

The results of long-term observation of the foundations temperature regime and dangerous cryogenic processes development near exploited well pads on the Yamburg field are presented. Temperature observations (1992-2020) includes data on four well pads. Influence of the natural and anthropogenic factors on the permafrost temperature regime was investigated. Based on a great experience of dangerous cryogenic processes field observations, a thermoerosion near gas well pads were characterized. Some well pads are considered, where the increasing of riverbed and ravine thermoerosion required the development of anti-erosion measures. According to observations, well pads frozen foundations temperature increases by an average of 0,039 °C per year. The results of observations show the absence of a pronounced technogenic temperature increase in the frozen well pads foundations, which Cenomanian gas produces. Taliks with a radius of 5-10 m around the wells are observed at the well pads foundations, which Valanginian gas produces. On the slopes and adjacent depressions, the temperature of frozen rocks is high, sandy soils of the dumps are subject to erosion. The development of thermoerosion processes threatens to the well pads foundations near the eroded riversides, in the areas of ice-wedge polygonal tundra.
Stable oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratios of the aufeis of the Viluy River valley
Authors: Vasil'chuk Yurij Kirillovich , Budantseva Nadine Arkad'evna , Ginzburg Alexander Pavlovich , Vasil'chuk Alla Constantinovna
Published: May 2022

The object of the study is the isotope composition of three aufeis (icing) in the Viluy River basin. Two of the three tested icing were located in the wide valleys of the streams-tributaries of the Viluy River, one on the flat bottom of the thermosuffusion sinkholes. The areas of studied icings did not exceed 30 sq. m., their thickness ranges from 45 to 100 cm. Stratification is recorded in the icings. The co-isotope diagram δ2H-δ18O shows that icing ice was formed from spring water and generally is isotopically “lighter” compared to the water of Kysyl-Yurekh stream and Viluy River. The isotope composition of the icing ice varies in a very narrow range: a) for icing 1 δ18O values vary from –19.3 to –20.9‰, δ2H values vary from –156.5 to –162.9‰; b) for icing 2 δ18O values vary from –19.7 to –22.4‰, δ2H values vary from –153.2 to –173.1‰; c) for icing 3 δ18O values vary from –19.8 to –22.7‰, δ2H values vary from –162.9 to –181.3‰. The similarity of the isotope profiles of icing 2 on Viluy and icing IB93-5 on Baylot Island and isotope profiles of icing 3 on Viluy and icing F192-6 on Baylot Island was noted, however, the scale of isotopic variations for icings on Baylot Island are 5-6 times greater than that of Viluy icings.
Color terms as a way to categorize artistic reality (based on the novel by Lion Feuchtwanger «The ugly duchess»)
Authors: Ryndina Iuliia
Published: May 2022

Colour terms are a significant group of lexical units of any language. The article is devoted to the identification and the description of lexical units that explicitly express colour or include implicitly transmitted semes of colour in the novel by the German writer L. Feuchtwanger «The ugly duchess». The author believes that colour terms, accumulating national-cultural stereotypes and ideological meanings of the linguistic community, reproduce fragments of reality and the artistic concept of the world in the text. Using various connotations of colour meanings, L. Feuchtwanger solves two tasks in the novel: colour-description creates a unique poetics of the work, and color-characteristic reveals its main idea. The linguistic representation of colour terms in this novel allows us to understand the writer's idiostyle and the cultural meanings of his work, the peculiarities of the colour perception in the German linguoculture. Since the colour-description in the analyzed novel has not been researched yet, this determines the novelty of this work. The results of the research allow us to assert that the dominant coloratives that define the writer’s idiostyle are shades of blue, gray, white, black, red and brown, i.e. the basic palette of colours. It is worth noting that there are relative more lexemes in the novel that express colour explicitly. The significance of this research is determined by the fact that it contributes to further development of stylistics, linguoculturology and intercultural communication, and can be used in teaching German in higher educational institutions.
Second-order perturbation solution and analysis of nonlinear surface waves
Authors: Zeng Sheng-Yang , Jia Lu , Zhang Shu-Zeng , Li Xiong-Bing , Wang Meng ,   School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China,   AML, School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China,   Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Published: May 2022

The properties of ultrasonic nonlinear surface wave in the quasilinear region are investigated. In this work the governing equation of particle displacement potential is employed for surface wave in isotropic elastic solid with quadratic nonlinearity. Then, the quasilinear solution of the nonlinear surface wave is obtained by the perturbation method, and the absolute nonlinear parameter of the surface wave is derived. Subsequently, the main components of the second harmonic surface wave solution are discussed. A finite element model for the propagating nonlinear surface wave is developed, and simulation results of the nonlinear surface wave displacements agree well with the theoretical solutions, which indicates that the proposed theory is effective. Finally, the properties of wave propagation and the characteristic of the nonlinear parameter for the surface wave are analyzed based on the theoretical solutions. It is found that the second harmonic surface wave consists of cumulative and non-cumulative displacement terms. The cumulative displacement term is related to the self-interaction of the longitudinal wave component of the surface wave. However, its amplitude is larger than that of the pure longitudinal wave when the initial excitation conditions and propagation distances are the same. The nonlinear parameters for surface and longitudinal waves are related to each other, and an explicit relationship is found, which can be determined by the second-order elastic coefficients of the material. The propagation properties of nonlinear surface waves and the measurement method of absolute nonlinear parameters are also discussed, which will benefit the practical application of nonlinear surface waves.
Experimental generation of multimode quantum correlations between a conical probe and a conical conjugate based on a four-wave mixing process
Authors: Cao Lei-Ming , Du Jin-Jian , Zhang Kai , Liu Sheng-Shuai , Jing Jie-Tai ,   Physics and Electronic Information College, Luoyang Normal College, Luoyang 471022, China,   State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China,   CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China,   Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
Published: May 2022

Multimode quantum correlations and entanglements has drawn much attention recently due to its importance for both fundamental science and the future development of quantum information processing and quantum communication. Here, by using a four-wave mixing process with a conical pump beam and a conical probe beam, we experimentally generate the multimode quantum correlations between a conical probe beam and a conical conjugate beam, and we also observe about –2.6-dB intensity-difference squeezing between these two conical beams. In addition, we find the optimal value of each parameter in this scheme for further applications. Besides, the multi-spatial-mode nature of the generated quantum correlated beams is shown by comparing the variation tendencies of the intensity-difference noise of the probe and conjugate beams under global attenuation and local cutting attenuation. Our scheme may find potential applications in quantum information processing and quantum communication.
Formation of oxygen vacancies in Li-rich Mn-based cathode material Li1.167Ni0.167Co0.167Mn0.5O2
Authors: Shi Xiao-Hong , Chen Jing-Jin , Cao Xin-Rui , Wu Shun-Qing , Zhu Zi-Zhong ,   College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Published: May 2022

Using the first-principles method based on the density functional theory, the oxygen vacancy formations in the lithium-rich manganese-based ternary cathode material Li1.167Ni0.167Co0.167Mn0.5O2 are calculated. The changes of oxygen vacancy formation energy with temperature, oxygen partial pressure and point defects in the material are discussed, meanwhile, the effect of oxygen vacancies on the capacity is also discussed. The calculation results show that the increase of temperature and the decrease of oxygen partial pressure can lead the formation energy of an oxygen vacancy to decline. For the charged oxygen vacancies (\begin{document}$ {\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{O}}^{+1} $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ {\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{O}}^{+2} $\end{document}), the formation energy of an O-vacancy increases with Fermi level increasing. It is also found that the presence of an oxygen vacancy will trigger off a very local charge density redistributions, mainly around the neighboring Mn ions next to the O-vacancy. Furthermore, the effects of point defects, including cation vacancies and substitutional defects in the vicinity of the O-vacancy, on the formation energy of O-vacancy are also calculated. The results show that the presence of Mn vacancy near the O-vacancy is beneficial to the formation of the O-vacancy. In addition, the formation of oxygen vacancy is suppressed when the Mn atoms near the O-vacancy are substituted by the Mo or Fe atoms.
Applicability of high-order unidirectional internal solitary wave theoretical model
Authors: Zhi Chang-Hong , Xu Shuang-Dong , Han Pan-Pan , Chen Ke , You Yun-Xiang ,   State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China,   SJTU Yazhou Bay Institute of Deepsea Sci-Tech, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Sanya 572000, China,   Marine Design & Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200011, China
Published: May 2022

Internal solitary waves exist widely in the oceans, and their generations, propagation evolutions, and dissipations have profound effects on the ocean environment, topography, and marine structures. Typically, two basic theoretical models are now being developed to govern the evolutions of internal solitary waves at the interface of two immiscible inviscid fluids. One is a unidirectional wave propagation model described by the KdV (Korteweg-de Vries) equation, and the other is a bidirectional wave propagation model depicted by the Miyata-Choi-Camassa (MCC) equation. Neither of them, however, can effectively characterize the course of the evolution of large-amplitude internal solitary wave. In this paper, a modified unidirectional internal solitary wave model is established by adjusting the coefficients of the original unidirectional model. The adjusted coefficients are determined through asymptotic analysis by matching with the MCC model. The efficacy of the modified coefficients is investigated by comparing the modified model with the original model. The experiments on the generation of internal solitary waves with varying amplitudes are carried out by comparing the internal solitary wave solution of the modified equation. It is shown that the modified model is suitable for describing the waveform of internal solitary waves with small, medium, and large amplitudes within the limiting amplitude of the MCC model. By quantitatively analyzing the agreement of the effective wavelength, wave speed, and waveform of steady-state internal solitary waves between the unidirectional model and the MCC model, the applicability of the modified model in characterization of the properties of steady-state internal solitary waves is further investigated. In addition, the stability of unidirectional theoretical model is analyzed for simulating the propagation of large-amplitude internal solitary wave under flat bottom condition. It is found that the unidirectional model is suitable for initiating its own internal solitary solution provided that the numerical scheme is stable. It is shown that the modified unidirectional model can be used to characterize large-amplitude internal solitary waves, and is also expected to be applied to the study of marine structure hydrodynamics.
Three dimensional image encryption algorithm based on quantum random walk and multidimensional chaos
Authors: Liu Han-Yang , Hua Nan , Wang Yi-Nuo , Liang Jun-Qing , Ma Hong-Yang ,   School of Information and Control Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China,   School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
Published: May 2022

With the development of computer network technology, people’s requirements for information security is increasing day by day. However, the classical encryption technology has the defects of small key space and easy crack. The problems of image encryption technology in protecting image information security and private content need solving urgently. As a new type of quantum key generator, quantum random walk has a large key space. Compared with the classical random walk, the computing speed and security are significantly improved. This paper presents a three-dimensional image encryption algorithm that is based on quantum random walk and involves Lorenz and Rossler multidimensional chaos. Firstly, Gaussian pyramid is used to segment the image. Secondly, the Hamming distances of several sub images are calculated by using the random sequence generated by quantum random walk and the random sequence generated by Lorenz chaotic system in multi-dimensional chaos, and then synthesized, and the Euclidean distances between the three RGB channels of the image are calculated. Finally, the sequence value obtained from the remainder of Hamming distance and Euclidean distance, as an initial value is input into the Rossler system in multi-dimensional chaos to generate a random sequence which is used as the key to XOR the RGB channel of the image so as to create an encrypted image. The corresponding decryption scheme is the inverse process of the encryption process. In addition, in terms of transmission security, this paper uses a blind watermark embedding algorithm based on DCT and SVD to embed the watermark information into the encrypted image, so that the receiver can extract the watermark and judge whether the image is damaged by the attack in the transmission process according to the integrity of the watermark information. If it is not attacked maliciously, the image will be decrypted. This operation further improves the protection of image information security.The experimental results show that the peak signal-to-noise ratio of the encrypted image is stable between 7 and 9 and the encryption effect is good, the GVD score is close to 1, the correlation of the encrypted image is uniformly distributed, and the correlation coefficient is close to 0, and the key space is 2128 in size and the encrypted histogram is evenly distributed, showing a high ability to resist statistical analysis attacks.
Method of spatiotemporally monitoring acoustic cavitation based on radio frequency signal entropy analysis
Authors: Song Ren-Jie , Yuan Zi-Yan , Zhang Qi , Yu Jie , Xue Hong-Hui , Tu Juan , Zhang Dong ,   Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics of the Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China,   Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China,   Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China,   State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Published: May 2022

The violent inertial cavitation effect generated during high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment may damage healthy tissues around the target area. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new technical approaches that can quantitatively monitor the acoustic cavitation motions in biological tissues with high precision in space and time, so as to ensure clinical safety and effectiveness. Compared with the traditional commercial ultrasonic gray value signal, the ultrasonic radio frequency (RF) signal can well retain more detailed information about the acoustic scattering signal. As a statistical parameter not based on mathematical function model, the information entropy can characterize the spatiotemporal evolution state of disorder of scatters inside tissues resulting from acoustic cavitation. Therefore, this paper proposes a real-time monitoring system for spatiotemporal evolution of acoustic cavitation based on the entropy analysis of ultrasonic RF signals. First, the original RF signal of scattered echoes generated by HIFU-induced cavitation bubbles inside the gel phantom is obtained by using a modified B-ultrasound system, and the two-dimensional mean filtering method is used to suppress the HIFU-induced strong interferences overlapping with cavitation monitoring imaging signals. Then, the dynamic variation range of the RF signal is expanded through data standardization processing, and the entropy image is reconstructed based on the sliding window information entropy analysis to demonstrate the spatiotemporal evolution status of the HIFU-induced cavitation behanviors. The experimental results indicate that the acoustic cavitation imaging algorithm based on RF signal entropy analysis should be more sensitive and accurate than the B-model gray scale imaging method for determining the onset time and spatial position of cavitation activities, which is helpful in ensuring the safety and efficacy of HIFU clinical treatment. Thepresent work will provide a useful tool for the spatiotemporal monitoring of the acoustic cavitation generated in tissues during HIFU treatment, and lays a solid theoretical and experimental foundation to establish an effective quantity-effect evaluation system for the cavitation related biological effect.
Node importance ranking method in complex network based on gravity method
Authors: Ruan Yi-Run , Lao Song-Yang , Tang Jun , Bai Liang , Guo Yan-Ming ,   College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
Published: May 2022

How to use quantitative analysis methods to identify which nodes are the most important in complex network, or to evaluate the importance of a node relative to one or more other nodes, is one of the hot issues in network science research. Now, a variety of effective models have been proposed to identify important nodes in complex network. Among them, the gravity model regards the coreness of nodes as the mass of object, the shortest distance between nodes as the distance between objects, and comprehensively considers the local information of nodes and path information to identify influential nodes. However, only the coreness is used to represente the quality of the object, and the factors considered are relatively simple. At the same time, some studies have shown that the network can easily identify the core-like group nodes with locally and highly clustering characteristics as core nodes when performing k-core decomposition, which leads to the inaccuracy of the gravity algorithm. Based on the universal gravitation method, considering the node H index, the number of node cores and the location of node structural holes, this paper proposes an improved algorithm ISM and its extended algorithm ISM+. The SIR model is used to simulate the propagation process in several classical real networks and artificial networks, and the results show that the proposed algorithm can better identify important nodes in the network than other centrality indicators.
Dynamically tunable refractive index sensor based on Fano resonance with metal-insulator-metal-graphene nanotube hybrid structure
Authors: Qi Yun-Ping , Jia Ying-Jun , Zhang Ting , Ding Jing-Hui , Wei Jing-Wen , Wang Xiang-Xian ,   College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China,   School of Electronic Information, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China,   School of Science, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
Published: May 2022

In practical applications, the performances of conventional metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide structured optical devices cured during fabrication are not dynamically tunable. In order to address the problem that such devices are not dynamically tunable, based on the excellent optoelectronic properties of graphene materials, graphene nanotubes are induced into the metal-insulator-metal waveguide coupled circular resonant cavity structure, thus designing a dynamically tunable MIM-graphene nanotube hybrid structure refractive index sensor in this work. The finite element method (FEM) is used to numerically study the transmission characteristics, electric field distribution and magnetic field distribution of the system, and the theoretical analysis is performed by multimode interference coupled mode theory (MICMT) to verify its correctness. The results show that after adding graphene nanotube to the MIM waveguide coupled ring resonant cavity structure, a Fano resonance peak appears in this system, which originates from the coherent coupling between the TM10 cavity resonance mode and the graphene plasmonic electrical resonance mode. The sensor can dynamically tune the resonance wavelength and linewidth of Fano resonance in a wide wavelength range by changing the chemical potential of graphene, thus realizing the performance tuning of the refractive index sensor. Hence, the problem that the conventional plasma refractive index sensor is not dynamically tunable issolved. In addition, the influence of the geometrical parameters of the structure on the sensing performance of this system is also studied in detail. The sensor sensitivity increases up to 1250 nm/RIU and the quality factor rises up to 42.4 RIU–1 at the optimal structural parameters. Compared with the traditional metal-insulator-metal waveguide structure design, this device has many merits such as wide operating band range, easy processing and dynamic tunability, which is a guideline for designing the dynamically tunable high performance nano-photonic integrated devices.
Combined Traffic Flow Prediction Based on Graph Convolution
Authors: Ke Wang
Published: May 2022

Traffic flow data has strong temporal and spatial correlation. The traffic flow in the previous moment will affect the traffic flow in the next moment, and the traffic flow in the upstream and downstream will affect each other in space. . In order to alleviate traffic congestion and improve the accuracy of traffic flow prediction, this paper proposes a combined traffic flow prediction model C GCN based on graph convolution. product to extract the temporal features of the traffic flow. The experimental results show that the prediction effect of the C- GCN combination prediction model is better.
Prediction of Copper Mineralization by the Artificial Neural Network (GRNN and BPNN) in Mesgaran Exploration Area, Eastern Iran
Authors: Nazerian Hamed , Hedayat Bahareh , Shirazi Aref , Shirazy Adel
Published: May 2022

Mesgaran exploration area is located in South Khorasan province, 26 km south of Sarbisheh city. The mineral potential of coppersmiths is copper mineralization. According to 75 surface samples taken, the analysis results are examined using the method of radial artificial neural network and error propagation. Also, after training to see the networks, the results can be used for other places. The strength of this study is that it does not require costly analyses to predict copper levels in other parts of the range, and simple analyses can estimate copper levels with an acceptable probability percentage and use the results to advance operations. In this area, the neural method was identified with higher accuracy.
Demographic Characteristics and Outcome of Children with SARS-CoV-2 Infection Admitted in a Tertiary Care Centre in Central India- A Retrospective Study
Authors: Suryawanshi Milind M , Bokade Chandrakant M , Subuhi Shamama , Madavi Dipak , Meshram Priyanka M
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an event of utmost importance in the medical field. It has affected the lives of millions worldwide, affecting adults more than children. But paediatric coronavirus disease is also complicated by its varied clinical presentation, difficulty in diagnosis and non availability of any rational protocol when it comes to the identification and management of cases. Aim: To assess demographic characteristics and outcome of children with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Materials and Methods: A single-centre retrospective hospital- based observational study was carried out among 150 children. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken and tested using real-time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 infection to confirm Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). The information was collected from Medical Record Department (MRD) through Case Record Form (CRF). The clinical and laboratory features of all children (age ≥1 months to ≤12 years) were selected between 1st March 2020 to 31st October 2020 were noted and selected. The collected data was tabulated and all statistical analysis was done. Results: Out of 150 children, 81 (54%) were male and 69 (46%) were female. Only 26 (17.3%) were symptomatic. In these 26, respiratory system involved 12 (46.2%) children, followed by acute febrile illness in 7 (26.9%) and then neurological 3 (11.6%), gastrointestinal 2 (7.7%), haematological 1 (3.8%), and cardiovascular 1 (3.8%). Co-morbidities (thalassaemia, cerebral palsy, seizure disorder and heart disease) were present in 5 (3.3%) children, in which 3 (60%) developed moderate and severe degree of illness. The treatment was given as per the protocol developed at Institutional level from Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), and Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) guidelines. One child died and the rest were discharged. Conclusion: Majority of the children having SARS-CoV-2 infection were asymptomatic, however, few had mild illness. Furthermore, co-morbidities were contributed for severity of illness in the children affected with SARS-CoV-2 infection which leads into more vulnerable outcome.
Crop Prediction Methods: A Comparative Study
Authors: Shahana I. L. , Kamal V. P. Nijth , Anoop R. L. , Francis Ancy
Published: May 2022

In India 58% of the population depend upon agriculture and agriculture contributes about 18% of the gross domestic product. But the farmers face numerous challenges in agriculture due to various reasons. The farmers’ crop selection criteria generally depended upon their traditional base and testimonials of the success stories. The failure of selecting appropriate crop for a particular area makes them vulnerable to other vagaries also. Scientifically crop selection depends upon various factors like soil parameter (Ex: Soil moisture), weather parameters (Ex: Rainfall, temperature, Humidity), Geographical parameters (Ex: Slope) etc. Farmers and those who are venturing into farming requires a crop prediction model or a technique for the best crop selection decision in order to cope up and tide over exigencies like climate change, flood, drought etc which occur globally. The model will be accurate to tackle the issues arised by the climate change and also gives reasonable results to the farmers. This paper review on the existing crop prediction model and also their implication on the farming community.
Payment of Medical Invoices by Inpatients at the Mangobo General Referral Hospital in Kisangani (DR Congo) from 2016 to 2020
Authors: Colette Bwanandeke Tshite , Raymond Assani Ramazani
Published: May 2022

Introduction: The study looked at the problem of payment of healthcare bills by hospital patients. It was conducted at the Mangobo General Referral Hospital in Kisangani (DR Congo) during the period from 2016 to 2020. It aimed to identify the proportion of medical bills paid and not paid by inpatients. 

Methodology: This study was carried out using an inductive method based on documentary analysis. We used the general trend technique, which concerned all the medical bills paid and not paid by patients hospitalised at the Mangobo General Referral Hospital.

Results: The total amounts of paid and unpaid medical care bills were respectively US$15, 250,500.92 and US$17,200.00 with a proportion of 99.89% for the former, against 0.11% for the latter. All the amounts of the paid and unpaid health care bills had an upward trend. The study provides hospital managers with an overview of the inpatient bill recovery mechanism. It also constitutes a plea to the political and health authorities to make health care accessible to the population.
Assessment of Hazardous Waste Management in Oil Drilling Fields in Turkana
Authors: Avy Nyateng Otieno , Wanjala Cornelius , Njuru Peter
Published: May 2022

The assessment of hazardous waste management at the oil drilling fields of Lokichar basin, Turkana County has been analysed. The area is known as Block 10BB and 13T of the oil exploration in Kenya. The study examined the types of waste generated by the activities in the study area and characterized the waste into different streams and classes. The classes of waste examined were primarily hazardous waste or non-hazardous waste contaminated with hazardous materials. Kenya’s National Environment Management Authority’s(NEMA) Waste Management Act of parliament, 2006 was used to classify waste into different streams, and also as a yardstick against which the compliance level of the waste management strategies in the oil fields were gauged.

Primary data was obtained using questionnaires and schedules as the main tools. These were administered on the environmental department of the oil drilling company, which was the key respondent in this study. The approach used in this research is majorly a case study. One questionnaire and direct interviews were administered on the environmental monitor of the oil drilling company.

The hazardous waste contained hydrocarbons and other oily substances. Chemical wastes were also seen in the waste generated from the drilling muds. These were classified as directly-generated waste. Some of the waste, especially timber and plastics were generated as a result of transportation of cargo that contaminated the packaging. These were classified as indirectly-generated waste.
Usability Evaluation of an Unpopular Restaurant Recommender Web Application Zomato
Authors: Reddy Hima Bindu Sadashiva , Reddy Roopesh Reddy Sadashiva , Jonnalagadda Ratnaditya , Singh Pallavi , Gogineni Avinash
Published: May 2022

Usability evaluation clarifies the user’s comfortability, satisfaction, and experience with a product. The success of the product is solely dependent on the usability factor. Web applications are excellent channels to communicate between the customers and the suppliers, for satisfying users' needs. Particularly usability evaluation of web applications plays an important role in observing the design, content, and navigation of a website. These observations help to improve the design of a web application. A proper design and content management of a web application acts as a gateway to attract more customers to use their application. Customer satisfaction would also help increase business for that particular company. The restaurant recommender web application acts as a medium for customers and restaurants. These applications help the food industry to attract customers. If the mode of communication is not effective, restaurants fail to promote their food business to the customers.  Previous research studies focused on business models, restaurant reviews, and offers provided by restaurant recommenders, instead of usability evaluation.  The goal of this research study is to test the efficiency and effectiveness of zomato.com through usability evaluation. The importance of this research study is to help both Zomato and other applications to increase their popularity. The methodology used was both think aloud and observations. The results were satisfactory and informative. The average time taken for website navigation tasks was 20.5 minutes. 100% satisfaction with restaurant reviews. 33% satisfaction for restaurant search and location information. 33% were not willing to re-use the Zomato website. These results convey that user satisfaction plays a major role in users returning to a website. This could be one reason for less web usage traffic in Zomato, hence leading to unpopularity. Recommendations and future research were also discussed.
Comparative Study on the Phytochemical Analysis of the Leaves and Stem of Ageratum houstonianum. mill
Authors: Anyanele W. C. , Anyanele S. I. , Ejidike C. S.
Published: May 2022

Ageratum houstonianum is an annual herbaceous weed which is widely used as an ornamental plant for summer borders and balcony boxes. It is considered a safe weed with several medicinal properties. This Study was carried out to know the Phytochemicals constituent of Ageratum houstonianum leaves and stem. Ageratum houstonianum was evaluated for total Saponins, total Phenol and other Secondary metabolites contents using standard procedures. The study of the leaves and stem revealed the presence of Saponins, Flavonoids, Alkaloids, tannins, Phenol and Steroids. The Leaves of Ageratum houstonianum gave higher composition of tannins, alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid and phenols at (3.41±0.015 mg/100g), (2.40±0.015 mg/100g), (1.16±0.021 mg/100g), (1.55±0.031 mg/100g) and (1.22±0.015 mg/100g) respectively than the stem. And there is significant relationship between the phytochemicals present in the two plant parts.