bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imperatives of Small-Scale Businesses and Employment Generation in Uyo Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom state
Authors: Thomas Cornelia David , Abaikpa Udeme Anthony , Daniel Udom Sunday , Akpan Oto-Obong Okon
Published: October 2024

The study investigated the relationship between small-scale enterprises and employment generation in Uyo Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State. A cross-sectional survey research method was adopted for the study. A sample of 361 respondents was drawn from the population of 3725 using Taro Yamane’s scientific sampling formula. For the objectives of the study to be achieved, three hypotheses were formulated and tested. The study utilized a structured questionnaire as a major instrument for data collection. 361 questionnaires were distributed, and 334 were returned in usable form. Data collected were analyzed using simple percentages and regression. The results of the regression analysis indicated a positive relationship between the variables of small-scale enterprises and employment generation in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State. It was recommended that there should be simplified loan application processes and reduced collateral requirements for small scale enterprises to encourage access to funding, there should be government policies that promote and ensure regular maintenance of existing infrastructure to prevent deterioration and reduce disruptions to business operations, and there should be development of entrepreneurship and business management training programs tailored for small scale enterprise owners, covering essential skills like book-keeping, marketing and customer service.
Digital Competence among Araling Panlipunan Teachers in the Division of El Salvador City
Authors: Paquinol Jomer T. , Taganas Wilma R. , Comon Jovit D.
Published: October 2024

Araling Panlipunan teachers' digital competence theorizes that transformative teaching practices and ongoing professional growth as the driving force behind enables educators to flourish in the digital era. This study aimed to determine the level of teachers' digital competence in teaching and professional development. Specifically, it accomplished three primary objectives on characterizing the respondents; examining teachers' digital competence in terms of teaching and professional development; and determining correlations between the respondents' profiles and their digital competence. The study involved one hundred sixty-four (164) Araling Panlipunan teachers, using a universal sampling method. A correlational-descriptive research design was employed, utilizing a patterned and modified questionnaire. Statistical tools such as means, frequency, standard deviation, and Pearson-r were employed to analyze the collected data, allowing for a comprehensive examination of the teachers' digital competence in teaching and professional development. Findings showed that majority of the respondents are handling Grade 1-3 with units in Master’s degree and have a teaching experience of 10 years or more.  They have personal ownership of digital tools with daily internet and duration of ICT usage of 4-8 hours. The respondents have a high level of digital competence in teaching and professional development. There is a significant relationship between daily internet and duration of ICT usage and the respondents’ digital competence. It is important for teachers to be good at using digital tools. Teachers who actively engage in collaborative learning experiences using digital platforms and tools are more likely to enhance their digital competence and improve their teaching practices. It is recommended that teachers who have accrued credits in Master’s degree continue their pursuit of completing the program. Additionally, it is imperative for teachers to employ plagiarism detection software to thoroughly examine students’ work for any signs of plagiarism.
Indirect Evidence of the Effect of Informal Economy in the Behavior of the Foreign Currency’s Prices: A Case Study
Authors: Prenga Dode , Kushta Elmira , Ndreca Pjeter
Published: October 2024

The effect of informal economy on the behavior of exchange rate is complex and difficult to evaluate in common economic conditions. But if informal sector is sizeable and a certain foreign currency is used for transactions therein without being converted, the supply and the demand for this currency, the velocity of the money circulation, and several other variables would be impacted, implicating a measurable response in the corresponding FX rates’ behavior, while the other currencies’ prices will be less affected. Consequently, distinguishable dissimilarities regarding dynamics and statistical features are expected for the exchange rates of the currencies traded in the country. By evidencing and analyzing them, we can proceed with a backward analysis to identify the hidden relationships between informal economy and exchange rates. As a case study we analyzed the FX rates of main currencies traded in Albania, considering that specifically the Euro is used at a non-neglected volume as national currency substitute in the informal sector. Recognizing the complexity of the relationship under investigation, we have employed an interdisciplinary approach by incorporating econometrics and econophysics approaches. After examining the multifractal features of each FX series, the non-stationarity measure for distributions of the corresponding rate of returns, and the significance of self-organizing regimes on FX time series, we noticed that the price of the EU currency behaves distinguishably different. We described the specific features observed for the Euro-ALL exchange rates as an indication of their response to the informal economy and partial usage of the Euro in the role of national currency in this sector. Those findings are used also for opinionizing regarding formalization issues and scenarios of replacement of national currency by the Euro. Acknowledging that informality is undoubtedly harmful for the economy, this work is limited to providing an alternative explanation of specific FX rates comportment observed in the country, and to offer a descriptive analysis for similar systems.
A Psychoanalytic Perspective on the Practice of Fictionalized Free Association
Authors: Yang Shengyu
Published: October 2024

This study explores the innovative application of 'fictionalized' free association within the framework of psychoanalysis, with a particular focus on its effectiveness in revealing unconscious conflicts and alleviating neurotic anxiety. By analyzing a case involving the practical use of 'fictionalized' free association, this research aims to deepen the understanding of this technique and its potential applications in clinical practice.
Diplomatic Efforts of the Soviet Union in Seeking a Path to Conflict Resolution and Organizing the Geneva Conference (1954) – An Approach Through the Notes of the Soviet Delegation
Authors: Khanh Vuong Quoc
Published: October 2024

The 1954 Geneva Conference was one of the most notable international conferences during the Cold War, addressing the end of war and restoration of peace in three Indochina countries and the Korean Peninsula. Major powers, including the United Kingdom, France, the United States, the Soviet Union, and China, represented the two blocs of socialism and capitalism, and played significant roles in this conference. The Soviet Union, as a major power and representative of the Warsaw Pact, was pivotal in balancing the power between the two international superpowers at the time (the Soviet Union and the United States). This paper presents the Soviet Union's diplomatic efforts in seeking ways to resolve conflicts in Indochina and the Korean Peninsula. From the notes of Soviet diplomats, both secret and public meetings of foreign ministers and embassies reflect the challenging path to holding the conference according to the principles of an international peace conference. The Soviet Union, in its role, consistently acted as a conference designer, crafting a front for a known "battle" full of challenges.
Táticas de escuta de música nos serviços de streaming: uma etnografia digital multissituada
Authors: Marchi Leonardo Gabriel de , Figueiredo Marlon Câmara Leal
Published: October 2024

Reconhecendo a centralidade que os serviços de streaming adquiriram na economia da música digital, este artigo se propõe analisar as práticas de escuta de música que se operam através dessas plataformas digitais. Ao realizar uma etnografia digital multissituada, seguiram-se as práticas de escuta de música de ouvintes situados em diferentes países. Valendo-se da ferramenta audioscrobbler e mantendo conversas com os analisados por e-mail e/ou WhatsApp, buscou-se entender como os indivíduos se apropriam da interface dos serviços de streaming para ouvir música, assim como lidam com os sistemas de recomendação automática de música no dia a dia. O intuito da pesquisa era saber se os indivíduos continuam a criar, o que aqui se classifica de táticas de escuta de música no cotidiano, mesmo diante do uso intensivo de sistemas de recomendação automática de conteúdos digitais.
Motivação e engajamento em contextos de prática, ensino e aprendizagem de música
Authors: Toni Anderson
Published: October 2024

A motivação e o engajamento são temas de interesse em diversos estudos teóricos e empíricos. Neste sentido, o presente texto tem como objetivo discutir a relação entre motivação e engajamento em contextos de prática, ensino e aprendizagem de música. Para isso, os conceitos de motivação e engajamento são revisados, assim como a teoria do fluxo para relacionar os temas discutidos no texto. As revisões apresentadas destacam que a motivação e o engajamento interagem de maneira dinâmica, uma vez que a motivação inicial que levou à ação pode ser sustentada pelo engajamento do indivíduo na atividade. Além disso, os processos motivacionais e de engajamento podem ser qualificados de forma a conduzir as pessoas a uma experiência de fluxo. O presente texto também apresenta uma revisão de alguns estudos empíricos sobre a motivação e o engajamento em processos de prática, ensino e aprendizagem de música em diversos contextos como forma de relacionar os aspectos teóricos apresentados com as possibilidades de pesquisas empíricas e aplicações em processos de ensino e aprendizagem.
Ensinando com respeito: pedagogia inclusiva para regentes corais
Authors: Silva Vladimir , Andrade Laís Lorrany , Lima Júnior José Adriano de Sousa , Alves Daniel Berg Cirilo , Nascimento Anderson Maurício do
Published: October 2024

Resenha da obra: SIECK, Stephen. Teaching with respect: inclusive pedagogy for choral directors. New York: Hal Leonard, 2017.
O livro Teaching with respect: inclusive pedagogy for choral directors, de Stephen Sieck, publicado pela Hal Leonard em 2017, está organizado em duas partes, totalizando oito capítulos. Neles, o autor disserta, dentre outros assuntos voltados à pedagogia musical, sobre diversidade, inclusão, gênero e etnicidade. No prelúdio, o autor explica por qual razão escreveu essa obra, aponta para quem ela se destina, adverte sobre a sua condição de homem cis, hétero, branco e cristão e sugere que o(a) leitor(a) explore os textos complementares, visto que eles foram produzidos por estudiosos(as) que representam com efetividade e qualidade um segmento ou grupo subalternizado, o que lhes confere um legítimo lugar de fala. Esta resenha tem como objetivo analisar o referido livro que, embora tenha sido escrito no contexto norte-americano, pode servir ao cenário brasileiro, tendo em vista os temas que aborda.
Privatisierung für wen?
Authors: Petras Maximilian
Published: October 2024

Nahezu jeder Beitrag zum Symposium zeigt, dass ein Theorie-Import der LPE-Positionen aus Yale nicht bruchlos möglich ist. Zugleich gibt es gerade in Europa Forschungsprojekte zu Recht und politischer Ökonomie gibt, die sowohl theoretisch fundiert als auch eingebettet in eine konkretisierende Praxis arbeiten. Mit ihnen können wichtige gesellschaftliche Infrastrukturen stabil, klimaschonend und innovativ umgestaltet werden.
Pendampingan Pembuatan Cemilan Batata Crispy Coklat di Desa Tamboo Kecamatan Kabila Kabupaten Bone Bolango
Authors: Abdussamad Syahrir , Bode Andi , Salihi Irvan , Zohrahayat Zohrahayaty , Sakir Mochamad , Dunggio Swastiani
Published: October 2024

Snacks are one of the food products that have great potential in improving the economy of the community, especially in villages. This community service aims to assist the community of Tamboo Village, Kabila District, Bone Bolango Regency in making micro, small and medium enterprises of Batata Crispy Chocolate snacks. This assistance is carried out with the hope of improving community skills in producing snacks with high selling value and introducing local products to a wider market. The method used in this study is a participatory approach, where the community is actively involved in every stage of the manufacturing process. The results of this assistance show that the community is not only able to produce Batata Crispy Chocolate independently, but also understands the importance of marketing and attractive packaging. Thus, it is hoped that this product can become a new source of income for the Tamboo Village community.
Cemilan merupakan salah satu produk pangan yang memiliki potensi besar dalam meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat, khususnya di desa-desa. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mendampingi masyarakat Desa Tamboo Kecamatan Kabila Kabupaten Bone Bolango dalam pembuatan usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah cemilan Batata Crispy Coklat. Pendampingan ini dilakukan dengan harapan dapat meningkatkan keterampilan masyarakat dalam memproduksi cemilan yang bernilai jual tinggi serta memperkenalkan produk lokal ke pasar yang lebih luas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan partisipatif, di mana masyarakat dilibatkan secara aktif dalam setiap tahap proses pembuatan. Hasil dari pendampingan ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat tidak hanya mampu memproduksi Batata Crispy Coklat secara mandiri, tetapi juga memahami pentingnya pemasaran dan pengemasan yang menarik. Dengan demikian, diharapkan produk ini dapat menjadi salah satu sumber pendapatan baru bagi masyarakat Desa Tamboo
Slowing ice melting from thermal radiation using sustainable, eco-friendly eggshells
Authors: Kim Matthew S , Kim Minkyu
Published: October 2024

Increased ice melting in the Arctic region has raised the atmospheric temperature, leading to more natural disasters, such as a growing number of wildfires in the western United States, which threaten human health and the environment. Safe and immediate solutions to prevent or at least slow ice melting will be critical in reducing natural disasters. Here, we investigated eco-friendly eggshells as thermal barriers to delay ice melting. By using a homemade environmental chamber, we determined that the thickness of materials is crucial in delaying water heating rather than their surface color. Moreover, multiple layers of crushed eggshells placed on top of iced water effectively reflected thermal radiation, delaying the time of ice melting by ~40% compared to the control without the layers. The eggshell layers also decreased the average water heating rate by ~30%, making them an effective thermal barrier. Since numerous eggshells are produced as waste worldwide, an eco-friendly, sustainable, and feasible thermal barrier can be prepared by repurposing them. In the future, deploying the eggshell layers in the Arctic region could contribute to slowing ice melting, which can cool the atmospheric temperature, reduce the number of natural disasters, such as wildfires, and eventually protect human health and the environment.
Video SAR Moving Target Detection Method Based on Machine Vision
Authors: Di Wu , Ming He
Published: October 2024

When detecting moving targets in video SAR, it is impossible to accurately obtain the moving targets in dynamic images. In order to solve the problems of low detection integrity and poor effectiveness, a video SAR moving target detection method based on machine vision is proposed. Firstly, the moving target pixel points are matched by the mixed Gaussian model to obtain the target area of the video SAR moving image; secondly, the HSV model and reflectivity algorithm are used to remove the shadows caused by the moving target; finally, the processed target area is input into the YOLO algorithm to complete the final video SAR moving target detection. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has high detection integrity, high detection rate, low false detection rate, and better detection effectiveness.
Energy-saving clustering routing algorithm for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks based on energy iteration model and bee colony optimization
Authors: Jiqiang Pan , Jie Liu , Liexiong Da , Xiandai Huang
Published: October 2024

Aiming at the problems of large number of data transmission node deaths and large transmission energy consumption output in energy-saving clustering routing communication of wireless sensor networks, an energy-saving clustering routing algorithm for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks based on energy iteration model and bee colony optimization is proposed. Firstly, a network communication energy consumption model is constructed, and the network node distribution is optimized in time with the goal of reducing energy consumption combined with differential bee colony algorithm; then, based on the network node distribution optimization results, an energy-saving clustering method for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks is formulated, and the cluster head is determined by using the energy iteration cluster selection method, and the cluster head radius is obtained to complete the energy-saving clustering of communication nodes in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks; finally, the distance between the communication cluster head node and the base station is set, the routing level of the node communication is determined, and the energy-saving routing communication of the heterogeneous wireless sensor network is realized by combining the multi-hop routing communication mode. The experimental results show that when the method is used for network energy-saving clustering routing communication, the number of data transmission nodes that die is at most 22, and the maximum energy consumption of node transmission is 21 nJ/bit , indicating that the node communication energy-saving effect of this method is good.
Adversarial sample attack method based on loss smoothing
Authors: Meihong Li , Shuang Jin , Yu Du
Published: October 2024

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial examples.Although the existing momentum-based adversarial example generation method can achieve a close 100%white-box attack success rate, it is still not ideal when attacking other models, and the black- box attack success rate is low. To address this, an adversarial example attack method based on loss smoothing is proposed to improve the transferability of adversarial examples. In the iterative process of calculating the gradient at each step, the current gradient is not used directly, but the local average gradient is used to accumulate momentum, so as to suppress the local oscillation phenomenon on the loss function surface, thereby stabilizing the update direction and escaping the local extreme point. A large number of experimental results on the ImageNet dataset show that compared with the existing momentum-based method, the average black-box attack success rate of the proposed method in single model attack experiments is improved by 38.07%and 27.77%, and the average black-box attack success rate in integrated model attack experiments is improved by and.Rising32.50%and28.63%
Multi-Feature Fusion and RF-Based Fault Diagnosis of Ball Mill Rolling Bearings
Authors: Kim Sang-Hyo , Kim Hyun-joon , Jie Cao , Park Ji-hoon
Published: October 2024

Due to the complex working conditions of the metallurgical industry, it is difficult to obtain high-quality fault features from a single signal, and the diagnosis effect is poor. Aiming at the problem that the direct fusion of current and vibration signals cannot reflect the advantages of the two types of signals in different frequency bands and the complementary information between each other, which affects the diagnostic performance, a multi-feature complementary fusion fault diagnosis method based on vibration and current signals is proposed. The high-frequency coefficient features of the vibration signal and the current signal are fused by the maximum absolute value rule to form complementary features that reflect the high-frequency band features; the low-frequency coefficient features of the vibration signal and the current signal are fused by sparse representation (SR) to form complementary features that reflect the low-frequency band features. By defining a feature matrix composed of multiple features to fuse the full-frequency band features, the global feature representation capability is enhanced. The recursive feature elimination method is used to eliminate the redundant features after fusion to improve the classification accuracy, and the bearing fault status is classified in combination with random forest (RF). The experimental results show that the proposed method is more accurate than the diagnosis results based on vibration signals and current signals.
Enhanced Speed Control of PMSM Using an Optimized SRUKF Algorithm
Authors: Hongzhi Wang , Shuo Xu , Hongwu Lyu , Huangshui Hu , Shuishui Lan
Published: October 2024

An improved square root unscented Kalman filter (SRUKF) algorithm is proposed to reduce the motor speed error in the presence of interference. In the simulation experiment, interference is added to affect the motor operation. The d − qmotor speed value is predicted using information such as the motor's shaft current, electrical angular velocity and rotor position. The improved algorithm is used to control the speed to reduce the error caused by the interference on the motor speed, and the algorithm is compared with the traditional unscented Kalman filter algorithm. The results show that the algorithm has less system computation, and the error of the motor speed with interference controlled by the algorithm is smaller than the true value without interference, and it has better robustness.
Research on path planning based on improved artificial potential field method
Authors: Chunli Xie , Tianyi Tao , Jiahao Li
Published: October 2024

Aiming at the unreachable target and local minimum problems existing in the traditional artificial potential field method in the path planning of mobile robots, an improved artificial potential field method is proposed. Firstly, when there are obstacles near the target point, the robot is difficult to reach the target point due to the large repulsive force. A safety distance factor is introduced in the potential field, and the parameter is optimized, so that the robot can maintain a suitable distance from the obstacle and reach the target point smoothly. Secondly, in order to solve the local minimum problem, the local minimum judgment condition is introduced, and when the condition is triggered, the local minimum area is bypassed, so that the robot can reach the target point smoothly. The simulation results show that the improved algorithm runs in the environment of different numbers of obstacles and has strong robustness. The proposed algorithm can enable the robot to bypass the local minimum area in the U-shaped obstacle environment, and successfully solves the local minimum problem in the path planning of mobile robots.
Use of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin for Right Atrial Thrombus Following Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Neonates after Surgical Repair of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Hong Junjie , Gao Zheyuan , Cai Heng , Hong Songming , Chen Qiang , Huang Jinxi
Published: October 2024

Some critically ill neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) require extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) during the perioperative period. Neonates on ECMO face a significantly increased risk of thrombotic events. Thrombosis management varies across centers and may include anticoagulation, thrombolysis, or thrombectomy. We present our experience using low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) to treat a right atrial thrombus (RAT) following ECMO in a neonate with CDH.
Nikāh Sirri and Its Impact: The Perspective of Maqashid Ash-Shari’ah of Imam Asy-Syathiby
Authors: Fanani Zainal
Published: October 2024

Background. The legal status of nikāh sirri (secret or unregistered marriage) is controversial because it is not announced and not officially recorded. The views of scholars on secret marriage and the factors causing it, as well as the legal regulations in force in Indonesia, need to be studied.
Aim. Examines nikāh sirri from the perspective of maqāṣid asy-syari’ah, which includes five essential goals of Islamic law: the maintaining religion (hifẓ ad-dīn), soul (hifẓ an-nafs), descendants (hifẓ an-nasl), property (hifẓ al-māl), and reason (hifẓ al-’aql).
Method. This research utilizes a literature review with a descriptive-analytical approach to Islamic jurisprudence and relevant regulations.
Result. Nikāh sirri causes more harm (mafsadat) than benefit (maslahat), particularly concerning the rights of wives and children in inheritance, financial support, and legal protection. Based on maqāṣid asy-syari’ah, nikāh sirri is considered impermissible (haram) due to its adverse effects on mental well-being, economic instability, and threats to legitimate lineage. The formal registration of marriage is crucial for ensuring the protection of family rights.
Especies Acuícolas Existentes en el Cauce del Río Balsas en la Región Tierra Caliente de Guerrero
Authors: Escobar Sarabia Ludybed , Zavala Hernández Francisco , Pérez Ríos Rodolfo Alfredo , Avilés Alvarado Javier , Carachure Olmos Pedro , Álvarez Díaz Guadalupe
Published: October 2024

México cuenta con una gran diversidad de especies acuícolas, estas a su vez se pueden dividir en especies ornamentales y para consumo humano; este último se ha dado de manera indisciplinada la sobrepesca, lo que ha traído como consecuencia, que especies endémicas hayan desaparecido e incluso nunca fueron identificadas. Por lo anterior es de suma importancia conocer la diversidad acuícola existente (Hernández 2002) en México. Es importante hacer notar que la fauna nativa del Balsas es pobre en cuanto a riqueza específica, Miller (1986) señala para esta cuenca solamente la presencia de 21 especies, las bases de datos que se proporcionan dan cuenta de 13 especies nativas y 17 introducidas. Tal es el caso que en el estado de Guerrero existe pocas investigaciones en torno a la identificación de estas especies, ya que las dependencias gubernamentales no les ha dado la importancia; tal es el caso que en la Región de Tierra Caliente de Guerrero no existe trabajos científicos que nos muestre la riqueza de especies acuícolas existentes, en los dos ríos más importantes que atraviesan la Región Calentana, como son el Río Cutzamala y el Río Balsas. La especie que es más abundante en la mayoría de los municipios y las localidades que se trabajó fue la tilapia (O. niloticus), en cada municipio se realizaron tres muestras y obtuvimos un promedio en total de 78 organismos de esta especie. La menos existente en los municipios de esta región fue carpa (Cyprinus carpio), con un total muy bajo de tan solo 10 organismos. La acuicultura se presenta como una nueva alternativa de producción con excelentes perspectivas, para ello, es necesario desarrollar tecnología que optimice los sistemas de producción y transformación de las especies acuícolas. La tilapia es un pez teleósteo, del orden Perciforme perteneciente a la familia Cichlidae. Originario de África, habita la mayor parte de las regiones tropicales del mundo, donde las condiciones son favorables para su reproducción y crecimiento. Actualmente se cultivan especies como: O. aureus, O. niloticus, O. mossambicus entre otras.
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in a Term Child: A Case Report
Authors: Kaur Khushwant , PV Varughese
Published: October 2024

Thrombosis of cerebral venous sinuses is a rare condition but can be associated with serious clinical consequences. Pathogenesis of thrombosis of cerebral venous sinus is still not clear. As there is diverse etiology but presentation is subtle, it often leads to delay in the diagnosis. We are reporting the case of a term male neonate born by LSCS (indication obstructed labour with meconium stained amniotic fluid) with diagnosis of severe birth asphyxia, Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy- stage II, probable sepsis, shock and Germinal Matrix Haemorrhage. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain and magnetic resonance (MR) venogram done at 2 weeks of age showed superior saggital sinus thrombosis. Baby received anticoagulation therapy and extensive workup was done. Early neuroimaging in all the babies who has neonatal seizures will improve the identification and will warrant early treatment.
MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION IN PIEBALDISM: A COMPREHENSIVE LITERATURE REVIEW OF DIAGNOSTIC APPROACHES
Authors: Yolanda Lisda , Anugrah Muhammad Alkadri , Rahmawati Novita
Published: October 2024

Background: Piebaldism is a rare autosomal dominant pigmentary disorder characterized by congenital absence of melanocytes, resulting in distinct hypopigmented areas on the skin and hair, notably the frontal scalp and anterior trunk.This comprehensive literature review aims to analyze the microscopic examination of piebaldism and evaluate various diagnostic approaches.
Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted through databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, focusing on histopathological features of piebaldism from 2014 to 2024.
Result: The review revealed significant histopathological differences between piebaldism and other hypopigmentary disorders. Piebaldism is characterized by the complete absence of melanocytes in hypopigmented areas, while hypermelanotic regions retain functionally abnormal melanocytes. Unlike vitiligo, piebaldism lacks inflammatory infiltrates, reinforcing its classification as a genetic disorder.
Conclusion: Understanding the unique microscopic characteristics of piebaldism is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment. This knowledge facilitates the differentiation from other disorders, informing management strategies and contributing to improved outcomes for affected individuals. Further research into effective treatment modalities is warranted to enhance patient care.
Containing spaces for learning through experience: A psychosocial approach to co-operation.
Authors: Manley Julian
Published: October 2024

This paper investigates one of the fundamental differences between a co-operative undertaking and a capitalist business: democratic participatory governance as opposed to hierarchical leadership. The latter often comes across as a ‘norm’ to be taken for granted. As such, co-operation is translated into the language of ‘team work’ and ‘staff consultation’, the domains of a successful capitalist company. Participation in co-operative governance, however, is more profound than this and requires an enhanced understanding of the somatic and affective qualities behind democratic decision-making. The paper suggests that a new language might be used to describe this difference, perhaps collective governance should be regarded as a virtue that can be recognised as working beyond values, even co-operative values. A further question arises: if indeed co-operative participatory governance is about relationships among equals, how can this be taught and/or learnt beyond the hard lessons of life experience? What can educational establishments do to teach people how to participate and govern by participating? The paper suggests that possible avenues of exploration in search of an answer to these questions might lie in a psycho-social approach that is able to encourage group learning from experience.
Study on the mechanism of cistanche deserticola treating viral pneumonia based on network pharmacology
Authors: Feng Wan-Qing , Li Yong-Mei
Published: October 2024

Objective: To explore the mechanism of Cistanches in the treatment of viral pneumonia through network pharmacology, so as to lay a foundation for the treatment of viral pneumonia and further research. Methods: The active constituents and targets within Cistanches were retrieved and filtered from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database. Targets associated with viral pneumonia were identified through the GeneCards database. Subsequently, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were conducted on the acquired target proteins using the R language. The active component-target network and the active component-target-pathway map were constructed utilizing Cytoscape version 3.5.1. Results: Following analysis, we identified 35 active components, 232 targets, and 73 pathways associated with the potential of Cistanches in treating viral pneumonia. Notably, Cistanches demonstrate a regulatory effect on key targets such as Caspase 3 (CASP3), Sp1 Transcription Factor (SP1), Interleukin 6 (IL6), Progesterone Receptor (PGR), RELA Proto-Oncogene, NF-KB Subunit (RELA), Cholinergic Receptor Muscarinic 1 (CHRM1), among others. Conclusions: The findings of this investigation elucidate the pertinent targets and pathways implicated in Cistanches-mediated treatment of viral pneumonia. This contributes significantly to establishing a theoretical foundation for subsequent research endeavors focused on the therapeutic aspects of Cistanches in viral pneumonia.
Let-7a-5p negatively regulates NK1 homeobox 2 gene to influence the progression and prognosis of lung adeno- carcinoma, revealed by bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Xu Jing , Liu Jia
Published: October 2024

Background: NK1 homeobox 2 gene (NKX1-2) is a member of the NK-1 homeobox gene family. As a transcription factor, NKX1-2 is associated with neurogenesis in the central nervous system, while the let-7 family is at a low level in a variety of tumor cells with low tumor growth and metastasis. However, their role and relation in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains to be elusive. Objective: By applying bioinformatic analyses, this study aims to explore the role and underlying mechanism of NKX1-2 in LUAD. Methods: LUAD-related data were retrieved by The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA). T-test and chi-square tests, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, Cox regression, and nomogram analysis were used to assess the expression of NKX1-2 in LUAD. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was employed to screen Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) biological pathways associated with the expression of NKX1-2, and associated mechanism involving microRNA was detected. Results: The expression of NKX1-2 was significantly increased in LUAD tissues compared with normal tissues (p < 0.05). The Cox regression analysis showed that high NKX1-2 expression in LUAD was associated with better overall survival (OS) and disease-free interval (DFI)(p < 0.05). Both univariate analysis and multivariate analysis further identified the overexpression of NKX1-2 as an independent indicator of OS and DFI in LUAD (p < 0.05). Mechanismly, NKX1-2 was negatively correlated with let-7a-5p expression, and low let-7a-5p expression was associated with improved OS in LUAD (p < 0.05). Furthermore, results of GSEA revealed that NKX1-2 overexpression was enriched in the “cell cycle,” “HR,” “DNA replication,” and “p53 signaling” pathways. Conclusions: Let-7a-5p negatively regulates NKX1-2 in LUAD, significantly influencing both tumor progression and prognosis. This finding suggests that let-7a-5p and NKX1-2 could serve as a potential therapeutic target for LUAD.
DNA methylation and tumorigenesis
Authors: Wang Yi-Bo
Published: October 2024

Background: DNA methylation abnormalities serve as crucial catalysts, and their association with tumors has garnered considerable attention in recent years. Numerous studies have demonstrated that DNA methylation plays a paramount role in the initiation and progression of tumors. Objective: The aim of this study is to comprehensively conclude the pathogenic mechanisms of DNA methylation in the processes of tumor initiation and development, as well as to elucidate its significance in early tumor diagnosis and treatment. Methods: Through the Pubmed database and CNKI database, “DNA methylation” and “tumor” were used as keywords to retrieve related literature. A thorough examination of the literature involved screening to eliminate duplicate studies that were deemed irrelevant. Results: DNA methylation initiates during the early stages of tumorigenesis, displaying tissue specificity, indicating its potential as a distinctive molecular marker for tumors. The uncontrolled regulation of DNA methylase and the hypermethylation of CpG island can lead to tumor occurrence, and the methylation of related genes is closely related to the early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of tumors. Conclusions: We summarized the research progress in DNA methylation and tumorigenesis, and provided references for related research and treatment.
The research progress on the relationship among free radical, exercise and learning and memory
Authors: AbuQeis Issam
Published: October 2024

Objective: Oxidative stress plays an important role in maintaining the balance between oxidation and anti-oxidation in vivo. Oxidation can induce neutrophil infiltration and promote protease secretion, ultimately leading to the release of oxidizing intermediates. Methods: In this paper, the generation and scavenging of free radicals and their damage mechanism to the organism are reviewed. Literature collection and review were carried out by literature retrieval and reading compression classification. Results: This paper systematically introduced the biology of free radicals, including oxidative stress and the role of antioxidant enzyme, and provided the knowledge related to antioxidant. It seems that the generation and scavenging of free radicals are complicated, and long-term aerobic exercise can inhibit the generation of free radicals and improve the ability of anti-oxidation and the capacity of learning and memory, therefore contribute to anti-aging. Conclusion: We summarized the research progress on the relationship among free radical, exercise and learning and memory, and provided reference for related research and related personnel.
Terrestrial behavior of a solitary female spider monkey (Ateles chamek) on a beach in Manu National Park, Peru
Authors: Giraud Pierre , Quispe-Saenz Criss , Bello Raul
Published: October 2024

While predominantly arboreal, spider monkeys of various species sometimes have been observed descending to the ground. Individuals of Ateles chamek have been reported to access some kind of food resources (rotten wood or salt licks) on the ground. We describe the terrestrial behavior of an adult female Ateles chamek (Peruvian spider monkey) on a sandy bank of the Pinquén River, Manu, Peru. This behavior lasted several minutes, with sequences of walking on four legs, pausing, and standing upright on the hind legs. The probability that she was a pet is very low due to the location being remote from population centers. The possibility of the individual looking for water to drink directly from the river is not discarded but due to the low water level and short distance between the two banks of the river, it is believed that this solitary adult female (migrant sex in the species) had intentions to cross the river, and that our presence ultimately influenced her decision not to cross.
Small Yellow Ginger Juice Can be Used to Improve the Flavor and Quality of Jinjiang Oyster Meat During Enzymatic Hydrolysis Process
Authors: Yang Zhao , Lin Yijun , Liang Yuyi , Chen Xueren , Huang Jiating , Cao Dianxuan , He Chunlan
Published: October 2024

Utilizing Jinjiang oyster in Guangdong Province as the research object, the effects of small yellow ginger juice on the color, taste, hydrolysis degree, and volatile components of oyster enzymatic hydrolysate (OEH) were investigated using sensory evaluation, NS810 colorimeter measurement, formaldehyde titration, Kjeldahl nitrogen determination, and headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS/MS). The results showed that OEH exhibited sea odor, earthy odor, and rancid flavor, which decreased with the increase in the amount of small yellow ginger juice, and were replaced by pleasant smells such as fruit, flower, and lemon. The optimal improvement in the quality of OEH was achieved with the addition of 8% small yellow ginger juice.
Dual Effect: The Locus Coeruleus's Function in Chronic Pain and Coexisting Depression or Anxiety
Authors: Zhang Xinyi , Li Man
Published: October 2024

The locus coeruleus (LC), nestled within the dorsal pontine tegmentum, stands as a pivotal hub in the brain's intricate network, exerting a profound influence over the modulation of pain perception and the emotional turbulences that often accompany it, notably depression and anxiety. Although a wealth of research has been dedicated to unraveling the LC's enigmatic operations, its intricate mechanisms continue to elude full comprehension. Nevertheless, the advent of sophisticated animal models and state-of-the-art investigative tools, exemplified by DREADDs (Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs) and optogenetics, has catalyzed a deeper foray into the LC's role in chronic pain and its comorbid psychiatric manifestations. This comprehensive review endeavors to dissect a decade's worth of clinical and preclinical inquiries, spotlighting the intricate neuronal dynamics within the LC and its associated neural circuit for chronic pain and its affective sequelae. Furthermore, the review delves into the pivotal role of neurotransmitters—such as noradrenaline (NA), glutamate, histamine, and others—alongside their hormonal counterparts, in orchestrating the LC's regulatory ballet. These neurochemical envoys are instrumental in mediating the nuanced interplay within the LC, thereby sculpting its reactivity to noxious stimuli. By shedding light on potential therapeutic strategies that home in on the LC, this review uncovers fertile ground for innovative therapeutic modalities, paving the way for efficacious clinical interventions that could transform the landscape of pain management and mental health treatment.
Preface: 3rd International Conference on Modern Medicine Technology and Clinical Science (MMTCS 2024)
Authors: Whitman Deirdre , Liu Huiyan
Published: October 2024

We are glad to introduce you that the 2024 3rd International Conference on Modern Medicine Technology and Clinical Science (MMTCS 2024) was successfully held in Tokyo, Japan from August 17-18, 2024. This conference brought together innovative academics and industrial experts in the fields of modern medicine technology, pharmaceutical engineering, and clinical science and application to a common forum.
The primary goal of the conference is to promote research and developmental activities, and another goal is to promote scientific information interchange between researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working all around the world. During the conference, the conference model was divided into three sessions, including oral presentations, keynote speeches, and Q & A discussion. All the papers have been processed to meet the requirements of international publication standard. We selected a bunch of high-quality papers and compiled them into proceedings after rigorously reviewing.
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the distinguished keynote speakers, as well as all the participants. We also want to thank the publisher for publishing the proceedings. May the readers could enjoy and gain some valuable knowledge from the MMTCS 2024 proceedings. We are expecting more and more experts and scholars from all over the world to join this international event next year.
The Scientific Committee of MMTCS 2024
Tokyo, Japan
Analysis of factors influencing the development of paravertebral ossification in the distant future after artificial disc replacement for cervical disc herniation
Authors: Xu Bohan , Zhao Huiying , Tian Xin
Published: October 2024

To investigate and analyze the factors that contribute to the occurrence of disc ossification in patients in the distant future when artificial disc replacement surgery is applied in the treatment of patients with cervical disc herniation, to explore the clinical characteristics and to provide a research basis for subsequent treatment work. METHODS: This study was conducted from September 2021 to June 2022, and a total of 504 patients with cervical disc herniation admitted by the medical staff in our hospital during this period were used as study subjects. After admission, all patients were treated with artificial disc replacement surgery and were followed up by the medical staff for one year after completion of treatment. Patients were divided into a control group (n=252) who recovered well without disc ossification and an experimental group (n=252) who developed disc ossification after treatment. The medical staff analyzed the individual conditions of the two groups to determine the differences between the groups and to analyze the risk factors for the development of disc ossification in the patients. RESULTS: The patients' imaging results were evaluated, and significant differences were found between the experimental group of patients and the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients with cervical disc herniation are at risk of distant disc ossification after artificial disc replacement surgery. To improve the clinical efficacy of the patients, the treatment plan needs to be adjusted according to the individual conditions of the patients, thereby safeguarding the efficacy of the patients.
Research Progress and Future Prospects of Three Oncolytic Viruses in the Treatment of Melanoma
Authors: Fang Lizhou
Published: October 2024

Melanoma is one of the more common tumors among young people, and the number of deaths caused by melanoma is increasing year by year. How to find efficient and safe treatment methods is currently a problem that needs to be solved. At present, most melanoma patients are treated through surgical resection, but the recurrence rate is higher and the effect is poor. Research has found that oncolytic virus therapy alone or in combination with other methods (radiotherapy, cell therapy, immunotherapy) not only has a high acceptance rate for patients, but also has a lower recurrence rate due to better healing. The three viruses that are currently being studied extensively are herpes simplex virus, Coxsackie virus, and vesicular stomatitis virus. In the future, it may become a first-line treatment method. This article mainly discusses the current research progress and therapeutic effects of three viruses, as well as the research on their corresponding variants. Provide corresponding suggestions for future development direction.
Virus Particles and Virus-like Particles-based Vaccines for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Li Zijie
Published: October 2024

Virus vaccines in cancer immunotherapy are a promising area in cancer treatments, utilizing viruses to augment the immune response against cancer cells and induce tumor cell death. Oncolytic virotherapy known as virus-based vaccine is an innovative cancer treatment leading by oncolytic virus (OVs) which has shown encouraging outcomes over the last twenty years. This therapy is able to effectively combine with other therapy, for instance radiotherapy and car-t cell therapy. Virus-like particles (VLPs) serve as an antigen presentation platform in cancer therapeutic and preventive applications. Compared with oncolytic virus vaccines, VPLs-based vaccines can directly uptake by immune cells without any infection. Initial virus-based and virus-like particle-based cancer treatments have shown little effectiveness, but progress in molecular engineering, genomics, and molecular analysis offer hope for improving and rejuvenating virus-vaccines in medical settings. However, there are still obstacles like OVs delivery and VLPs modifications in preclinical or clinical trials. It is crucial to figure out the research status and the difference of OVs-based and VLPs-based vaccines.