bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POLYMERS AND POLYMER COMPOSITES IN SPORT (review)
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Klimenko O.N. , Valueva M.I. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Rybnikova A.N. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: October 2020

Рrovides an overview of scientific and technical information – Russian and foreign periodicals, patents for inventions – in the field of the use of polymeric materials in the sports industry and sports infrastructure. Data on world manufacturers, applied technologies, Russian developments in this direction are presented, examples of the practical use of polymeric materialsin the sports industry are shown. Special attention is paid to polymer composite materials,in particular, based on carbon fibers.
Evaluation of myocardial function in pregnant women with speckle-tracking echocardiography
Authors: ARI Selma , ARİ Hasan , YILMAZ Mustafa , BOZAT Tahsin
Published: October 2020

Objectives: The speckle-tracking technique calculates the regional rate, the strain and the strain rate from two-dimensional gray-scale visualizations. The aim of this study was to evaluate with speckle-tracking echocardiography the effects of the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy on cardiac functions. Methods: One hundred five voluntary pregnant and 35 healthy women of reproductive age were included in the study. For echocardiographic evaluations, the 111 highest-quality visualizations were chosen: 24 cases in the first trimester, 31 cases in the second trimester, 32 cases in the third trimester and 24 healthy women as a control group. Global longitudinal, radial, and circumferential strain, and left ventricular (LV) rotation and twist were evaluated by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography. Results: During pregnancy, the diameter, and volume of the left atrium, LV stroke volume, and the heart rate significantly increased beginning in the first trimester (p < 0.0125). The parameters of pulse-Doppler E velocity and tissue Doppler Em velocity significantly increased in the first trimester (p < 0.0125), whereas in the second and third trimester they decreased to control levels. Global longitudinal strain was significantly decreased in the third trimester of the pregnancy (p < 0.0125). Basal and apical LV rotation and twist were significantly increased in the third trimester of pregnancy (p < 0.0125). LV apical and basal reverse rotation rate were significantly increased in the first trimester of pregnancy (p < 0.0125). Conclusions: In the third trimester global longitudinal strain decreased whereas LV rotation and twist increased. Speckle-tracking echocardiography may be used to evaluate the effects of pregnancy and that provide further data on cardiac functions.
Teaching Advocacy in the Nonprofit Classroom: Three Pedagogical Approaches
Authors: Mason Dyana , Jones Jennifer
Published: October 2020

Nonprofit organizations that engage in advocacy strengthen their ability to meet their mission by supporting systematic change. As such, students enrolled in nonprofit management programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels should develop both the knowledge of and the skills to engage in advocacy. Students should be trained to consider advocacy as part of a long-term strategic plan to accomplish their mission; however, there is little research or training on how to best teach advocacy to nonprofit students. This paper presents an active learning pedagogical approach. First, we present the literature documenting the role of advocacy in nonprofit organizations and related government regulations. Next, we outline three pedagogical techniques instructors may use to allow students to understand and practice advocacy. With each technique, we include resources and suggestions for faculty. The goal is to provide an opportunity for students to engage directly in policy issues being considered at the local, state or national levels, understand how these issues impact the sector and those being served, and how to take concrete steps to inform the public. These strategies can help shape the debate and offer solutions to decision makers.
Learning from Theory to Manage Brands in Small Charities: Lessons from the Small Charity Brand Study
Authors: Roe Natasha
Published: October 2020

Brands and brand management in commercial organisations have been studied for decades. Research has led to highly developed models and practices, with many studies recognising brand management as an important driver of competitive advantage (Aaker, 2010; de Chernatony, 2001). Similar theoretical and practical studies have been carried out amongst SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises) (e.g., Krake, 2005) and UK nonprofits (e.g., Frumkin & Kim, 2001) also demonstrating positive connections between brand management and organisational performance. However, the focus of research in UK nonprofits has been on the largest organisations by income, typically the very largest (e.g., Hankinson & Lomax, 2006; Stride & Lee, 2007). By comparison, there are no leading journal published studies into small UK charity brands and brand management. The small charity brand study set out to address this gap in research. One hundred and thirty-seven charities with annual turnovers of £1million or less and a focus group of eight small charity practitioners participated. The study investigated whether small charities are managing their brands and, if so, whether they experienced the performance benefits evidenced in extant research from other sectors. It investigated whether management strategies in small nonprofits made a difference to realising operational advantages. The goal was to develop practical Information, Advice, and Guidance (IAG). The study found that it was necessary to adapt existing models of brand management to make them relevant to small charities and indicated that, when the brand is managed by a team of people across different managerial levels, the longerterm benefits (outcomes) of branding practices are better realised. From participants’ contributions, it was possible to draw up models of branding specific to small nonprofits and identify the IAG required to manage brands across the areas studied; brand benefits, measured in outputs and outcomes.
“Until I’m Just Too Old to Turn the Pedals”: Exploring Motivational Characteristics of Participants in a High School Mountain Bike Program
Authors: Griffin Kent , Meaney Karen , Deringer Anthony
Published: October 2020

Self-determination theory (SDT) (Ryan & Deci, 2000) suggests that when a person is motivated they likely experience a sense of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. It is important to understand how these constructs relate to physical activity and sport if we are to persist in our notion that these pursuits can positively impact the holistic development of youth (Camiré, Trudel, & Forneris, 2013; Frankl, 2007). Thus, the purpose of this investigation is to examine the motivational characteristics of adolescents participating in an after-school mountain bike program. Data were analyzed via field notes, interviews and focus groups. Content analysis of the individual and focus group interviews along with field notes revealed that the mountain bike sport environment served to foster motivational characteristics as is described in SDT.Based on this investigation, students who participated in the after-school program (n=28) reported a sense of autonomy, competence and relatedness.
The Americanization of Kurt Hahn’s Values: Commentary on “Outward Bound and Civic Minded”
Authors: Seaman Jayson
Published: October 2020

This commentary discusses a 2019 JOREL article by Cheryl Bolick and Ryan Nilsen that reported on a study of the way Outward Bound participants came to define public service after their courses. The present essay elaborates on the “pluralistic” view of service, which they found to be prevalent. This view can be contrasted with Outward Bound founder Kurt Hahn’s “traditionalistic” view based in muscular Christianity. The commentary here argues that the pluralistic view is an artifact of Outward Bound USA’s affiliation with the human potential movement in the 1970s and is aligned with the civic tradition known as expressive individualism.
Practical aspects of diagnosis and treatment of canalolithiasis of benign posterior paroxysmal positional vertigo
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University,  Moscow, 117997, Russia, Guseva A. L.
Published: October 2020

Objective: The aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of diagnosis of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) of the posterior semicircular canal (PSC) when using different types of Frenzel glasses compared to visual observation of nystagmus, as well as the features of diagnostic tests and therapeutic maneuvers during the initial treatment of patients with DPPV of PPC and their subsequent treatment, if necessary, multiple repetition of therapeutic maneuvers. Materials and methods: The study included 240 patients with newly diagnosed idiopathic BPPG canalolithiasis of PSC, which were divided into groups to determine 1) the appropriateness of using different types of Fresnel goggles in the diagnosis of BPPPV, 2) to determine the optimal sequence of testing of the supposed affected and unaffected parties in the test Dix-Hallpike, 3) to determine the optimal number of Epley healing maneuvers during one consultation. Results: Diagnosis of BPPPV of PPC during initial patient treatment significantly increases when using modified Fresnel goggles or video Frenzel in the Dix-Hallpike test. At the initial consultation, when conducting diagnostic tests and medical maneuvers to detect BPPV of PSC in a patient with positional vertigo, it is advisable to begin their execution from the supposed affected side according to the anamnesis in order to optimize the doctor’s time expenditures. In the absence of resolution of otolithiasis in case of BPPV of PSC after a single maneuver, multiple therapeutic maneuvers significantly prolong the visit approximately until 28 minutes. The treatment of patients with resistant persistent BPPV should be organized during the special prolonged otoneurologist consultation in order repeating maneuvers could be carried out. During one consultation not more than three repositioning maneuvers should be done, as the increase of number of maneuvers does not affect the effectiveness of BPPV treatment.
A Study on the Research Trends of Degree dissertation on the Skin Beauty Superintend Program according to Ayurveda Constitution Types
Authors: Jeong Jeon-Mi , Sung Youn-Chun
Published: October 2020

A study on the research trends analysis of the degree dissertation on skin beauty program according to Ayurveda Constitution types. In terms of research subjects and data collection, data were searched with the keywords of “Ayurveda Constitution Types”, “Ayurveda Skin Beauty Superintend Program”, “Ayurveda therapy” and “Ayurveda oil” through the Research Information Search System (RISS). Then, a total of 123 master’s and Ph.D. papers were all examined. In addition, first classification was chosen as the title of the paper, and unrelated and redundant papers were filtered out. After a second classification through content examination, the final 32 papers were chosen and reviewed. For a study on Skin Beauty Superintend by Ayurveda Constitution Types, this study was mostly performed, using the papers which adopted measurement tools. Concerning research type, a literature review through a theoretical approach phrase, verification of survey questions and investigation on current constitution were most common. Recently, the number of studies targeted to identify an objective classification method has gradually increased. This study is significant in that it has attempted to analyze theses and dissertations on aesthetic superintend programs by domestic Ayurveda Constitution Types. Therefore, based on the analysis of Ayurveda s prior research and the prior study of the journal and the analysis of the situation in the conceptual theorem program of each keyword term, the development of a standardized aesthetic superintend program by Korean Ayurveda Constitution Type is needed. In addition, it is anticipated that this information would be available for future studies.
Dietary Camellia sinensis Influences the Broilers: A Review
Authors: Khaskheli A. A. , Khaskheli M. I. , Khaskheli A. J. , Khaskheli A. A.
Published: October 2020

This study was conducted in order to understand the impact of using dietary Camellia sinensis in broilers. In this regards several studies were explored and obtained findings were found to be much interesting and useful. In summary it has been reported by researchers that Camellia sinensis supports the feed intake (4480 g/b), water intake (8960 ml/b), live body weight (2356.8 g/b), weekly weight gain (2322.8 g/b), carcass weight (1381.8 g/b) and feed conversion ratio (1.92). Further, it was stated that Camellia sinensis reduces the relative weight of heart, liver, spleen, proventriculus, intestine and fat pad by 13.53, 61.1, 2.26, 58.13, 10.2 and 81.41%, respectively compared to their normal weights. Camellia sinensis enhances the immunity of broilers that results lower infection rate and mortality rate. Concerning digestibility it was indicated by researchers that digestibility of crude protein improves by 80.33%, ether extract by 76%, crude fiber 33.83% and metabolizable energy by 79.66%. In conclusion, Camellia sinensis has been proved an important dietary supplement for the broilers. It supports birds’ immunity, production and performance.
Study under Area, Production and Product of Cotton Cultivation in Haryana State
Authors: . Sonika , Kumar Vijay
Published: October 2020

Cotton is one of the most important fiber and cash crop of India and plays an important role in the industrial and agricultural economy of the country. In the present paper an attempt has been made to study the trends in area under cotton and production of cotton in Haryana. The area under cotton in state of Haryana has decreased over the time period from 1966 to 2017. There is not any uniform or continuous pattern regarding cotton cultivation in Haryana. The wide disparity of temperature, rainfall and soil features found in Haryana permits growing of different types of crops. They include cotton, rice and bajara crop in Kharif season and wheat, pulses and oilseeds etc in Rabi season. In order to examine the trend in area and production of cotton in the state, data have been computed for the period 1966-67 to 2016-17. Haryana has recorded almost many fold increase in the area under cotton and production as per the data available.
Managemental Interventions to Reduce Heat Stress in Chickens
Authors: Wankhade Pratik R. , Talokar Amol J. , Patel Brijesh , Verma Diwakar
Published: October 2020

Chickens are very sensitive to environmental temperature. Their growth, egg production and health are severely affected during extremes of weather conditions. Therefore, within the economically feasible limits, optimum temperature has to be provided to the poultry birds, in order to obtain optimal growth rate and returns from the farming entity. During the summer season, the chickens will need more special attention. Chickens have a much higher body temperature than other animals and humans. The average body temperature for a chicken normally will run at 102-103 °F. Their heart rate is normally 280-315 beats per minute. Another fact is a rooster will take around 18-20 breaths per minute while a hen has 30-35 breaths per minute. The average life span for an egg laying chicken is around 5-8 years for large breeds such as your Rhode Island Red’s but have been known to live 20 years while broiler meat purpose birds only live up to 1-3 years. The summer heat can create more problems for chickens than cold weather. It’s easy to see they are insulated well with many feathers. Chickens fluff up their feathers as many birds will do which traps air between the layers which keep them warm during cold weather. In hot weather they seek out shade. They lay down and spread their wings and bodies out to cool down. However, the provision of cold drinking water can ameliorate huge amount of stress from the chickens.
Impact of Cropping Systems and Resource Conservation Techniques on Productivity and Profitability of Systems
Authors: Ali Shaukat , Patel A. M. , Sharma Sangeeta
Published: October 2020

Background: A suitable cropping system seem to be the possible solution to meet the continuous increase in demand for food, stability of income and diverse requirement of food grains. Selection of suitable cropping system for conservation of resources has prime importance now a day. The cropping systems selected in study have higher potential of production along with incorporable residues during winter. The residues of cotton, castor and mustard crops (Crops in selected cropping systems) have more potential to feed nutrients to soil as compared to burning. So incorporation of such crop residues in to soil helps to recycle the nutrients to correct their deficiencies. Farmyard manure is being used as major source of organic manure in field crops. Thus to maintain the soil health, integrated nutrient management approaches involving FYM and mineral source need to be standardized. So there is need to find out agronomically efficient and economically viable cropping system which can perform better for increasing productivity and profitability with association of conservation of natural resources. Methods: The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. Sixteen treatment combinations comprising of four cropping system treatments viz, C1 : Cotton- Summer Pearlmillet, C2 : Greengram + Kharif Castor (Relay), C3 : Greengram - Mustard - Summer Pearlmillet and C4 : Greengram - Rabi Castor and two residue incorporation treatments viz, R0 : No residue incorporation and R1 : Residue incorporation as well as two fertilizer doses viz, F1 : 100% RDN through inorganic fertilizer and F2 : 75% RDN through inorganic fertilizer + 25% RDN through FYM were evaluated in the study. Result: Cotton - summer pearlmillet cropping system found significantly superior by recording higher pearlmillet equivalent yield, system productivity and system profitability while, total weed count/m2 and total weed dry weight were found the lowest under greengram- kharif castor (relay) cropping system. Residue incorporation secured top position by recording significantly the highest pearlmillet equivalent yield, system productivity and system profitability as well as lowest total weed count/m2 and total weed dry weight. Application of 75% RDN through inorganic fertilizer + 25% RDN through FYM recorded significantly highest pearlmillet equivalent yield, system productivity and system profitability. In case of weed count and weed dry weight, 100% RDN through inorganic fertilizer found significantly superior by recording lowest total weed count/m2 and total weed dry weight.
Extraction of Indole-3-acetic Acid from Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria of Bamboo Rhizosphere and Its Effect on Biosynthesis of Chlorophyll in Bamboo Seedlings
Authors: Lamichhane Janardan , K.C. Bishnu Maya , Gauchan Dhurva Prasad , Khanal Sanjay Nath , Chimouriya Sharmila
Published: October 2020

Background: Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a principal phytohormone, controls several crucial physiological processes of plants. It ameliorates plant growth by stimulating cell elongation, root initiation, seed germination and seedling growth. Alteration of IAA level by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria leads to varied impacts on plant growth and development. Methods: Soil samples were collected from bamboo (Bambusa tulda, B. nutans subsp. cupulata, B. balcooa and Dendrocalamus strictus) rhizosphere. Altogether five bacterial isolates were screened by serial dilution method and subjected to biochemical analysis. The isolate BUX1 with high IAA production capacity was optimized for IAA production. IAA was partially purified and quantified from the bacterial extract by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The influence of extracted bacterial IAA on chlorophyll biosynthesis in bamboo seedlings of B. tulda was compared with uninoculated control plants. Results: Biochemical analysis revealed that all the isolates belonged to genus Bacillus which were found capable of producing IAA. During optimization, BUX1 isolate produced 99.13 µg ml-1 of IAA at 37°C, pH 7, 3 mg l-1 concentration of L-tryptophan and 150 rpm agitation rate after 192 hour of incubation. The Rf value of the bacterial IAA during TLC was identical to that of standard IAA (0.425) indicating that IAA was present in crude extract of Bacillus (BUX1). The influence of bacterial IAA on chlorophyll biosynthesis in bamboo seedlings was significant in comparison to uninoculated plants. Therefore, this isolate could be a prospective candidate to be employed as biofertilizer.
Generation Mean Analysis for Yield and Its Component Traits in Diallel Population of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors: Yadav Jaya Parkash , Giri R. K. , Verma S. K.
Published: October 2020

Background: The nature and magnitude of gene action decides the choice of breeding procedure for achieving desired genetic improvement in any crop. It is particularly important to have an idea of gene interactions for getting genetic advance for polygenic traits such as yield and fiber traits in cotton. Method: The current study was undertaken to investigate the gene action controlling yield and components traits in eight Gossypium hirsutum varieties by using means of the six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2) of 8 x 8 diallel crossing program. The mean of the crosses for the traits in each generation were used for generation mean analysis. Conclusion: Results revealed that the estimated mean effects (m) were highly significant for all traits, indicating quantitative inheritance of these traits. Out of the seven traits under study five traits showed significance for at least one scaling test. Additive and dominant gene effects were significant for seed cotton yield and number of monopods with larger magnitude of dominance effects than additive ones. Dominance, additive x dominance and dominance x dominance were significant for boll weight, number of monopods, seed cotton yield and seed index. Narrow-sense heritability and genetic advance were found low for most of the traits.
The Youth Firearm Risk and Safety Tool (Youth-FiRST): Psychometrics and Validation of a Gun Attitudes and Violence Exposure Assessment Tool
Authors: Beseler Cheryl , Mitchell Kimberly J. , Jones Lisa M. , Turner Heather A. , Hamby Sherry , Wade Roy
Published: October 2020

This study reports on the development of a comprehensive assessment of exposure to guns and gun-related violence for evaluating the risk of gun-related trauma. Gun access, gun attitudes, gun safety education, and exposure to gun violence were measured. Participants were 630 youth, aged 2–17. Youth, ages 10–17, completed a self-report survey and caregivers of young children, ages 2–9, completed the survey as a proxy for that child. The youth were from urban (n = 286) and rural (n = 344) areas. Factor analysis, item response theory, and structural equation modeling were used. Two factors described access to guns, two factors described gun attitudes, and a single construct captured gun safety education. The gun violence exposure factor showed strong associations with trauma symptomatology. The individual constructs showed good psychometric properties and measurement noninvariance by urbanicity.
Desafios da agenda de pesquisa empírica em psicologia da tomada de decisão judicial no Brasil
Authors: Horta Ricardo Lins , Costa Alexandre Araújo
Published: October 2020

Estratégias de pesquisa consagradas nas áreas de Psicologia Experimental e Economia Comportamental vêm sendo empregados nos últimos vinte anos para investigar se variáveis extrajurídicas influenciam no processo de tomada de decisão judicial. Esses estudos mostram que questões pessoais, constrangimentos de tempo e de volume de trabalho, bem como vieses cognitivos e estereótipos inconscientes podem interferir no resultado de casos submetidos a magistrados, o que pode ser problemático à luz dos ideais normativos de justiça. Contudo, as pesquisas empíricas em Julgamento e Tomada de Decisão aplicadas a contextos judiciais ainda são pouco conhecidas pela comunidade jurídica brasileira. Nesta revisão, apresentamos um balanço das metodologias empregadas em trabalhos recentes, bem como discutimos suas limitações e desafios. Com esse levantamento crítico, busca-se estimular o emprego dessas estratégias de pesquisa na realidade institucional do Poder Judiciário brasileiro.
Epidemiology of Traumatic Brain Injury in Neurosurgery Department of Tertiary Referral Hospital at North Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Tandean Steven , Japardi Jeffrey , Kollins Fini , Loe Michael Lumintang
Published: October 2020

Introduction : Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most common problem that caused morbidity and mortality in the world. Epidemiology information of TBI is very important in understanding the causes and the risk factors of TBI, so that effective programs can be designed to prevent injury. This study purposed to provide overview of TBI pattern in tertiary referral hospital at North Sumatera with focus on epidemiological data of TBI pattern.

 

Methods : The design of this study is a retrospective, and it is done in general hospital H. Adam Malik from June-December 2018 with sample from all patient with traumatic brain injury that admited in hospital. All medical records with diagnosis traumatic brain injury will be assessed for several variables as age, gender, etiology, severity, length of stay and outcome.

 

Results : During the period of study, 118 patients with traumatic brain injury were admitted in neurosurgery ward. The highest TBI cases was occurs in male patients with range age between 18-35 years old, and caused by traffic accident. Most patients admitted to Emergency department with GCS 13-15 and epidural hematoma was the most common lesion found in head CT scan. Length of stay in this research mostly between 1-5 days,  and  the mortality rate is about 16.9%, which is dominated by severe head injury.

 
Conclusions : Head injury mostly found in male with productive age, and traffic accident be the most common caused. Severe head injury still have quite high mortality rate.
YEDİ İKLİM TÜRKÇE A1 KİTABI İLE SEJONG HANGUGO KORECE 1A-1B KİTAPLARININ TEMA VE KELİMELER AÇISINDAN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: BAŞTÜRK Şükrü , KILIÇ Zeynep
Published: October 2020

İnsanlar, geçmişten günümüze kadar çeşitli sebeplerle kendi dillerinin dışında farklı diller öğrenme ihtiyacı duymuşlar ve yeni bir dil öğrenmek-öğretmek için de ders kitaplarından yararlanmışlardır. Bu nedenle de çeşitli kurum ve kuruluşlar da dil öğretimiyle ilgili olarak seviyelere göre ders kitapları hazırlamaktadır. Ancak bu kitaplar hazırlanırken dikkat edilmesi gereken en önemli hususların başında temaların ve bu temalara uygun kelimelerin tespit edilmesi gelmektedir.

Son yıllarda Türkiye ve Güney Kore hem siyasi hem de ticari alanda büyük gelişme kaydeden iki devlettir. Buna bağlı olarak dünyada hem Türk kültürü hem de Kore kültürü merak edilmektedir. Bu nedenle iki kültürü yakından tanıyabilmek ve öğrenebilmek için insanlar; Kore ve Türk dizilerini izlenmekte, şarkılarını dinlemektedirler. Ayrıca Türk ve Kore kültürüne ilgi duyan insanlar Türkçe ve Korece öğrenmek için dil öğreten kurum ve kuruluşlara başvurmaktadırlar.

Yunus Emre Enstitüsü; Türk tarihini, kültürünü, sanatını yurt dışında 58 kültür merkezi aracılığıyla tanıtmakta ve bu merkezlerde Türkçe öğretmektedir. Kore Hükümeti Kültür, Spor ve Turizm Bakanlığı tarafından desteklenen Kral Sejong Enstitüsü de 60 ülkedeki 180 enstitüsünde Yunus Emre Enstitüsü gibi Kore kültürünü tanıtmanın yanı sıra Korece öğretmektedir. Bu çalışmada her iki ülke enstitüsünün dil öğretimi için A1 seviyesinde hazırladıkları ders kitaplarındaki temalar ve kelimeler incelenip karşılaştırılacaktır. Yedi İklim Türkçe Öğretimi A1 kitabı ile Sejong Hangugo Korece Öğretimi 1A-1B kitapları karşılaştırılarak bundan sonra kitap hazırlayacaklara yardımcı olmak amaçlanmaktadır.
Abrasiva
Authors: Furger Alex R.
Published: October 2020

Metalle schleifen und polieren in der Antike – Alte Quellen und neue Experimente. Seit der Mensch seine Werkzeuge und Jagdwaffen herstellen kann, hat er sie auch geschliffen. Nach den ersten Werkstoffen Knochen, Geweih und Holz stellten später die Metalle besondere Anforderungen. Rohgüsse von Schmuck und Geräten sowie geschmiedete Werkzeuge und Waffen mussten überschliffen, Schneiden und Klingen geschärft und Oberflächen aus ästhetischen Gründen auch poliert werden. Welche Schleif- und Poliermittel die Handwerker der Antike hierfür verwendeten, ist kaum bekannt; die schriftlichen Quellen sind rar, und archäologische Befunde schwer zu erkennen und zu dokumentieren. Dieses Buch stellt zusammen, welche Abrasivmaterialien dem frühen Handwerk zur Verfügung standen, wo die Rohstoffe zu finden und wie die Materialien aufzubereiten sind. Die antiken Autoren, die diese Materialien erwähnten, werden zitiert, und mit Experimenteller Archäologie hat der Autor die Tauglichkeit und Effizienz aller Schleifgeräte, Schleifmittel und Polierstoffe getestet.
Modelling of management sytem by means of methodical and material support for educatonal process in a higher-educational establishment
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Kalganova N. V.
Published: October 2020

This work deals with mathematical differential models of optimal management of strategic achievement of the planned values of material support for academic and scientific activity. The elaborated models contain analytical data on the processes under study and describe their dynamics for the period of up to 5 years, the models are sufficiently simple and can be used for planning and prognostication of material support for higher-educational establishments. The author’s research is namely based on the monograph [1] focused on the issue of material and technical support for the educational process in higher educational establishments which qualify specialists for railway transport. The present article presents theoretical justification for the effective management of material support for academic and scientific activities of a higher-educational establishment by means of mathematical methods. The techniques of the theory of solution and studies of differential and system differential equations using MathCAD 15 package for numerical solutions of differential equations are applied in this work.
Investigation of electrical fuel – injection pump characteristics of petrol engines in simulation of basic fuel system problems
Authors:   South Ural state agrarian university, Gritsenko A. V. , Glemba K. V. ,   South Ural state agrarian university, Vlasov D. B. ,   South Ural state agrarian university
Published: October 2020

Technical state of electrical fuel-injection pumps of automobiles with petrol engines was evaluated with application of a multiple factor experiment, based on diagnostics test modes. There exist two main problems in the fuel system, connected with the fuel volume being injected into the fuel rail: clogging when the fuel flow to the rail and next to nozzles is hindered, wear out of elements in the pump part (due to an increasing clearance space between fuel-injection pump pulleys and casing the fuel flows over the tank, i.e., does not enter the system in sufficient volume). The studies showed that in the first case of fuel system problems the pump power circuit draws the current 4,6 А persistently depending on clogging extent. Such current rate is necessary for keeping high rotations of the pump elements, helping the pump to push through the necessary fuel volume into the fuel rail, making the essential pressure 310 кПа. In the second case the fuel does not enter the rail in sufficient amount either, but the current rate here is small (even smaller than the nominal reading). For example, in the largest fuel leakage it equals 2,5 A, power voltage being 12,5 V. The results and methods of experimental data treatment with MathCAD application are presented. The article materials are applicable for research, repair, technical maintenance organizations when they estimate technical state of fuel-injection low-pressure pumps ( including those which are installed on engines with microprocessor control system).
Investigation technique for dynamics of operative mechanical continuously variable transmission with a resilient member and free-wheel mechanism
Authors:   Institute of Machine Science, Ural branch, Russia’s Academy of Sciences, Derzhansky V. B. , Cherepanov S. V. ,   Institute of Machine Science, Ural branch, Russia’s Academy of Sciences, Volkov A. A. ,   Institute of Machine Science, Ural branch, Russia’s Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2020

Mechanical continuously variable transmissions have high potential for torque conversion, are capable of providing significant technical and economic advantages when used in shafts of technological and other machines, this making investigations in this area to be pertinent. This paper represents a mechanical and mathematical technique, which enables to do research of dynamic processes, that occur in functioning of mechanical continuously variable transmission with a resilient member and free-wheel mechanism, making it possible to transmit torque to a driven shaft only in the same direction. The objective of this paper is to work out a mathematical model of the mechanical system, which determines dynamic force of transmission elements. Computational model of transmission is shown, in obedience to which there was built a mathematical model based on Lagrange equation of second kind with undetermined multipliers. A set of assumptions was made on working out the dynamic system mathematical model. In particular, possibility of excitation of resonant modes in a resilient member was not considered. Moreover, nonlinearity of free-wheel mechanisms was not considered as well as hysteresis losses of energy in on-off use cycle and significant capacity costs in disconnected machinery. In future it is necessary to carry out experimental investigations in order to make transmission dynamics more exact. By the results of simulation modeling regularities were obtained which determine dynamic moments on transmission elements. The results of the investigation may be used for making an output characteristic of transmission, its adaptation with the motor and forecasting of operational features of shafts of different technological equipment.
Modelling of natural development of interurban network of vehicular roads
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Martynenko A. V. , Ie O. N. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: October 2020

The main peculiarities of transport network functioning and structure are the result of reciprocal influence of the network and its service area. Namely, current transport needs of the area are the key factor, affecting any specific decision on creating a new network element. However, transport needs of the area significantly changes in the course of time and certain management decisions are poorly coordinated and made in conditions of incomplete information on future network state. Therefore, transport networks have a variety of features of natural objects and their development can be regarded as a result of implementation of some in-ner consistent patterns and mechanisms. The models of natural development of transport networks influenced by various external and internal factors are dealt with in the article. An approach to modelling of natural development of a transport network based on information on spatial location of its peaks is suggested. As an illustration of potentiality of the given approach Sverdlovsk region network of vehicular roads is used. A measure which indicates morphological similarity of the networks is introduced. The models of Sverdlovsk region vehicular road network are built for different representations of function, which characterize the extent of remoteness of one peak to the pair to other peaks. The generating network model which is sufficiently close to a real network is obtained. It is demonstrated that many fundamental features of a real network are the result of location of its peaks and for their explanation there is no need in additional social-economic and demographic information.
Réplica à Resposta de Nogueira et al
Authors: Mota Óscar
Published: October 2020

N/a.
TUGAS DAN WEWENANG DEWAN PERWAKILAN RAKYAT DAERAH (DPRD) DALAM PELAKSANAAN FUNGSI ANGGARAN TERHADAP ANGGARAN PENDAPATAN DAN BELANJA DAERAH (APBD) PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Dewi Avitta Karunia
Published: October 2020

This research discusses the Duties and Authorities of the Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD) particularly in budgeting function, the obstacles, and efforts to overcome these problems. This paper uses a qualitative case study. Data were derived from interviews and literature study. The results showed that the DPRD Central Java has an important role in budgeting. The obstacles arising are related to limited funds, adjusting time, schedule, and different activities between DPRD members, and other aspect like communication. The efforts made to overcome these obstacles include increasing funds, adjusting time and activity, as well as encouragement from the Deliberative Council, therefore all DPRD members attend at the APBD discussion with the executive.
Google Earth’ün Sosyal Bilgiler Dersinde Başarı ve Tutumlara Etkisi
Authors: TÜREL Ayşe , DEMİRKAYA Hilmi
Published: October 2020

Bu çalışma, ortaokul yedinci sınıf sosyal bilgiler dersinde Google Earth kullanımının öğrencilerin başarı ve tutumları üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışma ön test-son test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desene uygun olarak tasarlanmıştır. 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında Antalya’da bulunan bir ortaokulda 26’sı deney, 26’sı kontrol grubunda olmak üzere 52 yedinci sınıf öğrencisinin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilen çalışmada nicel veri toplama yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Yedinci sınıf sosyal bilgiler dersi ‘Ekonomi ve Sosyal Hayat’ ünitesi, deney grubuna Google Earth kullanılarak, kontrol grubuna ise sosyal bilgiler dersi öğretim programı temelinde işlenmiştir. İşlem öncesinde ve sonrasında toplanan veriler SPSS 23.0 üzerinde hazırlanan veri tabanına işlenmiştir. SPSS üzerine işlenen veriler ilişkisiz t-testi ve ilişkili t-testi teknikleri yoluyla analiz edilmiştir. İstatistiksel analizler sonucunda ortaokul yedinci sınıf sosyal bilgiler dersi ekonomi ve hayat ünitesinin öğretiminde Google Earth kullanımının öğrencilerin başarısı üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu, öğrencilerin tutumları üzerinde ise anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ortaya çıkan bu bulgular ilgili literatür ile karşılaştırıldığında bazı benzerlik ve farklılıkların olduğu belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen sonuçlar ve ilgili literatürle olan benzerlik ve farklılıklar da dikkate alınarak araştırmacı ve öğretmenlere yönelik öneriler getirilmiştir.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA KOMUNIKASI DALAM SOSIALISASI PROGRAM URBAN FARMING DI KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Mulyani Henny Sri , Agustin Herlina
Published: October 2020

Communication media is a source of power, a control tool that can be utilized as a substitute for poweror other resources, besides the media is a vehicle that plays a role to socialize the events of communitylife both individually and collectively. To provide food availability independently and sustainably itneeds a breakthrough program through the concept of gardening in the yard of the house or the use ofempty land for planting productive crops. The purpose of research to find out how the background ofmedia usage, type of media used and the form of presentation of messages used in the socialization ofurban farming program in the city of Surabaya. The research method used is descriptive qualitativewith data collection interview, observation and literature study. The results showed that the delivery ofagricultural messages in urban areas from the Surabaya City Agriculture Office to poor families(Gakin) scattered in 31 sub-districts did not use mass media on the grounds that the gakin communityrarely mengengan radio, see television and read the print media so generally the delivery of directmessages done facilitator in this case PPL to poor community society by direct way of technicalguidance in the form of group. Media used more to media antarpersona communication. Messagedelivered on how to do urban farming activities for vegetables with a short harvest period ofapproximately one month, the use of narrow land in the yard so as to support household-scale foodsecurity and add green or green open space.
PROSES NEGOSIASI PEREMPUAN WIRAUSAHA AGRIBISNIS PANGAN BERDASARKAN PENDEKATAN SISTEM AGRIBISNIS DI KOTA BOGOR
Authors: Yusalina Yusalina , Pambudy Rachmat
Published: October 2020

The aims of the study are to describe negotiation process and to find how women entrepreneursinterpret their negotiations. This study was based on interpretive paradigm with phenomenologicalapproach that resulted in qualitative data. The selected subject consisted of 16 women entrepreneursof food agribusiness in Bogor City. The data were obtained through in-depth interviews, observationand document analysis. The results show that both formal and informal negotiation process whichinvolves people/parties with various interests. The success of negotiation process is affected bynegotiation strategies, such as time, location, media communication, and distributive and integrativestrategies.
KEGIATAN PT. KELASKITA EDUKASI DALAM MELAKUKAN KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN
Authors: Wiryany Detya , Suminar Jenny Ratna , Hafiar Hanny
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kegiatan promosi yang dilakukan Kelaskita dalamdalam komunikasi pemasaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan landasan konseptual dari komunikasipemasaran. Metodologi dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metodestudi kasus. Data yang diperoleh melalui hasil wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: Promosi yang dilakukan Kelaskita dalam media sosialterbilang efektif karena memenuhi aspek pemasaran 4p di dalamnya, di tambah dengan strategitambahan yang digunakan yaitu email campaign, dan push notification. Kemajuan teknologi dankebutuhan masyarakat dilihat Kelaskita sebagai peluang, dan segmentasi yang dibidik yaitupelajar yang akan menghadapi ujian nasional. Dengan target sasaran yaitu pelajar denganpositioning produk platform aplikasi, dimana hal tersebut memiliki potensi yang besar diIndonesia. Adapun pandangan startup yang di temui oleh peneliti adalah pross merintis dan growup merupakan nilai tambah dalam strategi menjalankan perusahaan rintisan. Disampingmembuat inovasi secara berkala dan konsisten dalam melakukan kegiatan promosi.
INTERAKSI DALAM KEGIATAN EKSTRAKURIKULER SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGEMBANGAN KARAKTER SISWA DI SMKN 1 PURWOKERTO
Authors: Rosmiasih Rosmiasih
Published: October 2020

Karakter remaja dapat dibentuk melalui interaksi di antara siswa-siswa dalam lingkungan sekolah.Salah satu media yang digunakan adalah melalui kegiatan ekstrakurikuler. Interaksi dalamkelompok ekstrakurikuler akan berjalan secara terus menerus. Kegiatan ekstrakurikuler juga akanberfungsi untuk mengubah siswa ekstrakurikuler dapat berjalan sesuai dengan komunikasiinstruksional yang tepat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kualitatif. Teknikyang dilakukan dalam mengumpulkan data melalui observasi dan wawancara. Selain wawancaramaka peneliti melakukan pengamatan tentang bentuk interaksi secara verbal dan nonverbal siswadidik ketika latihan rutin kegiatan ekstrakurikuler bola basket. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa fungsi komunikasi instruksional terpenuhi melalui interaksi antara pelatih dan siswa didikdalam kegiatan ekstrakurikuler. Fungsi interaksi seringkali menekankan pada aspek motivasisehingga siswa didik memiliki kemauan tinggi untuk terus berlatih, dengan begitu secara tidaklangsung berpengaruh pada masa pembentukan karakter siswa didik. Kegiatan ekstrakurikuler inimembantu siswa didik untuk memiliki karakter yang positif.
PERILAKU KOMUNIKASI PENDIDIKAN MELALUI PELATIHAN PUBLIKASI ILMIAH BAGI GURU SLB/SMA SEDERAJAT
Authors: Setianti Yanti , Hafiar Hanny , Damayanti Trie , Nugraha Aat Ruchiat
Published: October 2020

Peningkatan angka partisipasi guru dalam pemerataan kualitas pendidikan dapat menjadiperantara dalam mewujudkan kecerdasan anak bangsa. Seiring dengan perkembangan ilmupengetahuan yang berbasiskan teknologi dan outcome publikasi, insan pendidik kini diwajibkanuntuk membuat tulisan ilmiah yang dapat terpublikasi dalam jurnal ilmiah. Di sisi lain, posisiguru sebagai ujung tombak penyebar nilai-nilai pendidikan formal di lingkungan sekolah padaumumnya masih kurang optimal dalam menulis karya ilmiah yang terpublikasikan di jurnalilmiah. Keadaan ini diakibatkan oleh kurangnya informasi mengenai teknik penulisan karyailmiah yang didapatkan oleh para guru. Bentuk kekurangan ini dapat menjadikan suatu perilakukomunikasi pendidikan pada tingkat guru dalam penulisan karya ilmiah yang masih dianggapsebagai pengetahuan yang bersifat tambahan. Adapun metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakanjenis studi kualitatif deskriptif dengan informan adalah para guru SMAN 1 Subang. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara sikap dan perilaku komunikasi pendidikan para guru dalambudaya menulis artikel ilmiah masih rendah yang ditunjukkan oleh sebagian besar para gurukurang memiliki kepentingan untuk mau menulis karya ilmiah dengan baik. Simpulan penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa tingkat perilaku komunikasi pendidikan di para guru SMAN 1 Subang perluditingkatkan melalui intensifitas pendampingan penulisan karya ilmiah yang dilakuka secaraterstruktur.
Effectiveness Of The Use Of Instagram Social Media On Personal Branding Joko Widodo In The First Voters 2019 Election
Authors: Saputra Ahnaf Rifky
Published: October 2020

In this digital era, all activities can be published to the public through social media. Many groups of people actively use social media ranging from students, adults, entrepreneurs and state officials. One of them is the seventh President of the Republic of Indonesia, Ir. H. Joko Widodo. Joko Widodo has a variety of social media platforms, social media with the most followers among other social media is Instagram. With a total of 16.5 million followers making him the leader of the country with the second most followers in the world. The content of uploads on Instagram of Joko Widodo is diverse and very massive, the things Joko Widodo does on Instagram social media is one way to form personal branding. Personal branding is a unique phenomenon because basically all people have their own characteristics, to get the results of long-lasting branding and provide maximum benefits, the branding process must come from authentic, real and original evidence. This study aims to determine how effective the use of social media instagram is for the formation of Joko Widodo's personal Branding to the 2019 First Election Voters who are still confused and need references to make choices in using their voting rights. This study uses a descriptive quantitative method of two variables. The independent variable in this study is the effectiveness of using social media instagram while the dependent variable is Joko Widodo's personal branding. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents using the Nonprobality Sampling technique. The results of this study state that the use of Instagram social media in delivering the desired message falls into the effective category with a percentage of 74.9% while the formation of personal branding for the first voters is included in the effective category with a percentage of 81.1%. The conclusion of this study is that the communication carried out by Joko Widodo's Instagram social media account took place effectively and had a positive effect on the formation of Joko Widodo's personal branding for the first voters of the 2019 Election.

Keywords: Social Media, Instagram, Personal Branding, First Voters