bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
30.1: Invited Paper: Novel Emissive Projection Screen for Advanced Display Applications
Authors: Sun Ted
Published: October 2019

A novel emissive projection display (EPD) was recently developed in Sun Innovations. It comprises of a fully transparent emissive screen made from a set of fluorescent nano‐materials, and a dark light digital image projector. The haze‐free emissive screen can be applied to any glass windows or windshield, without affecting visible light transmission. The digital “excitation” projector can be built on either a DLP (digital light processor) or a laser scanner display engine.

This display combines the best of both world from conventional projection and emissive display technologies. Like projection display, the screen has no pixel structure and can be manufactured roll‐to‐roll; the display is scalable. Like plasma or CRT, the display is emissive with superior image quality and large viewing angles. It enables a fully transparent display on windows or windshields. The transparent emissive coating can also be applied to a pitch‐black substrate, for an innovative front projection display on black screen, with superior image contrast at low projection power.

In this article, a full‐color EPD will be presented, with a color Gamut approaching 100% of HDTV color standard (Rec.709). This fundamentally new display platform can enable multiple major commercial applications, including a fully‐transparent emissive display on the glass window of vehicles and buildings with unlimited viewing angles. It also projects a high‐contrast emissive display on a pitch‐black emissive screen in ambient light, with similar image quality as OLED.
30.2: Invited Paper: A RGB chip Full Color Active Matrix Micro‐LEDs Transparent Display with IGZO TFT Backplane
Authors: Fan Jack , Lee Chia-Yu , Chen Shu-jhih , Gang Liu Ming , Jun Zhang Li , Yang Sun , Cai Lu Ma , Fei Xie Hua , Nian Liu
Published: October 2019

In this paper, the first time reported the full color active matrix micro‐LEDs (AMLEDs) display with high transparent over 40% which is based on top gate IGZO TFT (Thin film transistor) backplane. This AMLEDs display was successfully developed with flip chip RGB micro‐LEDs that can achieve more than 108% NTSC gamut, while the display is also brighter than 400nits.
33.2: Optical Design and Simulation by Optimizing LGP Pattern for Wearable Display
Authors: Hou Tingxiu , Chen Xiuyun , Sun Lingyu , Du Jingjun , Liang Fei , Zhong Peng , Fang Liyu
Published: October 2019

With wearable display developing to the direction of thinner and narrow bezel, side‐emitting LED backlight has become more difficult to optimize the optical display screen, especially hot spot and dark corner. The distribution of LGP net dot plays an important role to the surface brightness and uniformity of LCD. This paper discussed a method of distributed algorithm of LGP pattern. Considering the risk of hot spot and dark corner, the new algorithm is related to LED pitch and the distance between LED and active area. Through the program we write by MATLAB, we can get the pattern density of mesh, the number of pattern and all coordinates of the pattern. The coordinates of the pattern can be saved as txt for Optisworks simulations. The coordinates of the pattern can also apply to the pattern form of laser and strike. In practice, this research can help to reduce cost and save time at processing of BLU.
34.5: Four‐mask process Architecture using NH3 plasma treatment technology for Image Sticking Improvement in 32‐inch TV Product
Authors: Yang Feng-yun , Cho An-Thung , Hsu James , Liu Zhen , Liu Kai-jun , Chen Wade , Lu York
Published: October 2019

A new method to improve the interface of A‐Si and SiNx in A‐Si TFT process, the influence of H content in PECVD system equipment and the A‐Si remain to image sticking are studied in the paper. The suitable NH3 plasma pretreatment power and time or A‐Si remain can decease the leakage current and to overcome the image sticking in four‐mask process
34.6: Design and Application Analysis of Hybrid Thin‐film Transistor Structures
Authors: Li Lingxia , Tan Li , Li Xiaohu , Zhu Rundong , Cai Kaimin , Li Ting , Jiang Wei
Published: October 2019

This paper studies the development of hybrid thin‐film transistors in recent years based on patents and articles from companies in the display field. Including the comparison of the design concept of the hybrid thin‐film transistor by Apple and LG, and the improvement of the possible problems raised by the company. Finally, the application prospects and development trends of hybrid thin‐film transistors are analyzed.
35.2: Invited Paper: The influence of blue‐component on visual fatigue
Authors: Zhang Yin , Tu Yan , Wang Lili
Published: October 2019

The effect of LED (light emitting diodes) tunable white light with different blue‐component intensities on visual fatigue based on human eye photoreceptors was investigated. The results showed that the visual fatigue was more serious for the blue‐enriched tunable white light with higher illuminance of short‐wavelength cones.
37.1: Invited Paper: Using twin screw extrusion technology for the Inclusion of Phosphors with Polymers to accelerate plant growth under cover
Authors: Tarverdi Karnik , Fern George R. , Marsh Paul , Ireland Terry , Qi Kun , Silver Jack
Published: October 2019

Methods of introducing and dispersing different phosphor particles into polymers using extrusion technology are reported. The extrusion and blending of phosphor/polymer combinations containing different percentages of phosphor and subsequent film blowing was studied. The phosphor/polymer films had their light emitting properties optimised to closely match plant growth requirements. The final films performance was evaluated for horticultural applications.
38.3: The Novel Transparent Display Based on IGZO TFTs with High Transmittance and Low Reflectance
Authors: Fujujian  , Wutianyi  , Chixiao  , Xiaxingda  , Hezeshang
Published: October 2019

Transparent display was prepared which was driven by a‐IGZO TFTs. The pixel density is 91ppi with a 54% transmission opening and 42% transmittance. The color film was also fabricated and covered on the transparent display to reduce the reflectivity which achieved the 6.5% reflectance. Based on these advantages, this sample could be a good candidate for transparent productions.
39.2: Invited Paper: Ultra‐high Definition Remote Stereo Real‐time Broadcasting Monitoring System
Authors: Ding Shou-Qian , Li Jin-Liang
Published: October 2019

Under the guidance of the non‐paraxial optical theory, the purpose of this paper is to study the acquisition of stereo images and the real‐time transmission to VR of UHD bilateral screen under 5G condition to realize the real‐time 3D broadcasting and monitoring of UHD. Real‐time transmission and observation with UHD (5K ˜ 8K) is especially suitable for telemedicine due to its full color, high brightness and gray level non‐destructive properties. It can also be used in culture, sports, military, intelligent city, and sudden emergencies, etc.
39.4: Invited Paper: VR/AR applications and innovations in medical diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Wang Lijun
Published: October 2019

The main applications and innovations in medical diagnosis and treatment for virtual reality(VR), Augmented Reality(AR) and Artifical Intelligence(Ai) technologies are reviewed. Especially, the revolutional effects in medical and healthcare system by combination of VR, AR and Ai are discussed and pridicted.

Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality market has a potential to reach 151 Billion USD with a paramount CAGR of 70.4% by 2022 (Source: Markets and Markets). It is true that the AR and V R technologies have driven the gaming and entertainment industry, but it also has a very good potential to transform the healthcare industry since it actually can change a lot of traditional healthcare operations and branches in a number of ways, including radiology, oncology, training, and more.
42.1: Invited Paper: The Mighty Touch ‐ Real Life Simulation, Methodology, Evaluation and Standardisation
Authors: Weinhold Wolfgang P. , Wang Helen
Published: October 2019

The aim of this work is the simulation of the motion of the human fingertip and hand during the interaction on displays and the study of the emerging damage patterns, both visually and quantitatively. In addition, a series of testing methods have been generated to evaluate the durability of the display during the general usage. This applies to any passive and interactive displays, both flat and curved. All the test methods are suitable for application towards flat, curved and flexible lab samples, as well as the final product with all high dynamic strains. Details of the achieved results in respect to surface, product and functional damage as well as touch screen dirt affinity and cleanability are given.
42.3: Invited Paper: Silver nanowire for Next Generation Touch Solution
Authors: Yu C. H. , Chi H. H. , Hsiao C. C.
Published: October 2019

We developed a continuous roll‐to‐roll process for the fabrication of electrodes of silver nanowire (AgNWs) networks. For high‐throughput flexible electronic devices to be ready for the market, their transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) should show stable working performance during folding conditions and have a long operating life. In this study, TCEs were produced by AgNWs electrodes. The AgNWs electrodes showed an outstanding sheet resistance value of 50 ohm/sq, 92.3% transmittance, mechanical stability, and excellent long‐term stability. Flexible touch screen were produced using the AgNWs transparent electrodes on a flexible COP substrate. The touch screen performance is superior to that of a device based on the as‐coated AgNWs electrode. The roll‐to‐roll process provides a facile and reliable method for fabricating large‐area AgNWs transparent flexible electrodes for next‐generation flexible touch screen devices.
42.4: Invited Paper: Silver nanowire networks as flexible, transparent, conducting films for antistatic application
Authors: Hou Yu-Wei , Liu Kang-Yu , Chang Yung-Cheng
Published: October 2019

Flexible antistatic film in optoelectronic instruments is challenging because of the essential requirement of high optical transmittance and low haze with sheet resistance between 105∼1012 ohm/sq. However, electroconductive silver nanowires (AgNWs) is difficult to be applied at such a high sheet resistance due to its one‐dimentional structure. An antistatic film comprising hydrophilic polymer (HP), AgNWs and acrylic resin was demonstrated with a comprehensive study of HP component, regarding the optical property and the morphology.
43.1: Invited Paper: Large‐area and high‐performance printed carbon nanotube and metal oxide thin film transistors and their applications
Authors: Liang Kun , Luo Manman , Xiao Hongshan , Zhao Jianwen , Cui Zheng
Published: October 2019

With the rapid development of printable electronics, printed thin film transistors (TFTs) have attracted more and more attention due to their wide applications in novel applications including OLED, LED and QLED displays, E‐paper, and printed logic gates and circuits, neuromorphic electronics and wearable electronics.[1‐10] It is well‐known that performance of printed TFTs are largely depended on performance of printable semiconductor inks. Metal oxide and carbon nanotubes have been regarded as one of promising semiconductors for printed TFTs, since they show excellent electrical properties, solubility, high chemical and physical stability[1‐10]. In this work, we reported some new progresses of large‐scale and high‐performance printed carbon nanotube and metal oxide TFTS and their applications, including CMOS‐like gates, hybrid CMOS inverters and neuromorphic electronics. Printed SWCNT TFTs and metal oxide TFTs (64×64 arrays) with excellent electrical properties have been constructed on silicon and glass substrates. Both of them showed good mobility (more than 10 cm2 V‐1 s‐1) and high on/off ratios (107). Hybrid CMOS inverters based on printed metal oxide TFTs and carbon nanotube TFTs exhibited excellent properties with noise margin of 85%, voltage gain of 50, and low power consumption of 0.4 nW (Figure 1). Furthermore, flexible printed CMOS‐like inverters based on printed carbon nanotube TFTs showed with noise margin of 80%, voltage gain of more than 100, and accepted power consumption at low operation voltage (Figure 1).
45.1: Invited Paper: Various applications of boron emitters for organic light‐emitting diodes
Authors: Lee Jun Yeob
Published: October 2019

Multi‐resonance based boron emitters have attracted great attention as blue emitters for organic light‐emitting diodes because of narrow emission spectrum and high external quantum efficiency as deep blue emitters. Their unique emission properties make them promising as next generation blue emitters. In this work, we report various application of the boron emitters in the white organic light‐emitting diodes and exciplexes for high external quantum efficiency.
45.3: TADF Emitters for Deep‐Blue OLEDs
Authors: Thirion Damien , Kasparek Christian , Baumann Thomas
Published: October 2019

Blue fluorescent OLEDs are still the bottleneck for the power consumption in today's OLED panels. In recent years, the TADF technology has shown fast progress towards high‐efficiency deep‐blue emitter systems. The TADF technology can be used in a self‐emitting or in a co‐emitting (or hyper) approach. To make the co‐emitting system work efficiently, the combination of TADF and fluorescent emitter has to be chosen carefully. In this paper, we will discuss how to match TADF and fluorescent emitter combinations for the co‐emitting approach. We will also show results for highly efficient deep‐blue hyper‐fluorescent devices.
46.5: Computational Correction Method for Optical Distortion in Eyewear Displays
Authors: Xiao Xue , Zhang Lin , Lin Xiao , Hao Jianying , Zang Jinliang , Tan Xiaodi
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we give a brief introduction of eyewear displays for virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), and present two computational methods that not only can be applied to traditional eyewear displays but systems with asymmetrical and nonlinear distortion as well. The methods combine image segmentation with linear approximation to correct the optical distortion. Through these approaches, pixel‐mapping table for generating pre‐distorted image can be established simply and quickly. The feasibility has been verified by experiments. These distortion correction methods for eyewear displays can achieve a sufficient accuracy, avoid a great deal of numerical calculations and enable real‐time correction.
47.3: A Novel Triangle Matching RGBW Algorithm
Authors: Sun Yan , Xi Yanhui , Dai Bin , Zhang Xiaomang , Bi Yuxin , Shi Lingyun
Published: October 2019

Last year we introduced a RGB‐to‐RGBW algorithm with minimized color distortion by keeping the color coordinate unchanged from the original color. Based on the similar principle, we optimized our method and proposed a more efficient color mapping algorithm according to the triangular color gamut of RGBW display. The algorithm mainly consists of three steps. Step 1: Image Enhancement which is a preprocessing operation of input Image. Step 2: Pixel Analysis which can obtain CIE chromaticity coordinates (x, y) and luminance (Y) of the input RGB data. Step 3: Triangle Matching which is the core of this algorithm that can calculate the values of the output RGBW signal according to the triangular gamut enclosed by RGBW display. The results indicated that our algorithm has superior performance upon conventional method and is more flexible in application.
47.5: A new optical concept for high duty vertical alignment liquid crystal displays
Authors: Wu Zirong , Chen Congxin , Zhao Zuzheng
Published: October 2019

Passive matrix driven vertical alignment liquid crystal displays (PMVA‐LCD) become more and more popular in many applications like industry, automotive, e‐metering, medical, sports, smart home etc. regarding its high contrast and wide view angle. However, the current solution of vertical alignment liquid crystal display has a shortcoming on the steepness of the transmissive‐voltage curve (T‐V curve) of the displays, which limits the driving duty of displays. We developped a new optical concept to achieve high duty, up to 1/128, PMVA‐LCD displays by optical‐electro simulations and experiments.
47.6: A Solution of the Light Leakage Color Difference between ADS and IPS Mode with a optimal Transmittance Design Method
Authors: Zhang Lin , Wang Hongliang , Guo Lei , Dai Ke , Liao Yanping , Li Chengmin , Wang Zhangtao , Shao Xibin
Published: October 2019

ADS, IPS and VA are the main display modes used now. Among them VA is different driving mode, ADS and IPS are very similar. But because the pixel structure is different, to get high transmittance, ADS product uses higher retardation than IPS product. But this causes the color difference when light leakage happened. And light leakage happened on the ADS product can be detected much easier. So we study on solving the color different problem between ADS and IPS product and try to keep the same transmittance.
48.2: New Formation of Multi‐layered n+ Silicon Films Using Four‐mask process Architecture for Image Sticking Improvement in 32‐inch TV Product
Authors: Yang Feng-yun , Cho An-Thung , Hsu James , Liu Zhen , Liu Kai-jun , Mo Qiong-hua , Chen Wade , Lu York
Published: October 2019

A new method of multi N+ and thicker N+ film were used to lower the leakage current of amorphous silicon TFT to improve the image sticking instead of normal single N+ layer in 4‐mask process. In this article, the improvement of the leakage current and the Vth shift by using the multi N+ and thicker N+ layer will be investigated.
48.3: Stress Model Simulation of TFT reliability for G8.6 large‐size TFT‐LCDs
Authors: Mo Qiong-hua , Cho An-Thung , Lin Chun-Yan , Hsu James , Chen Wade , Lu York , Fan Xiao-bin , Scott  , Wu Li-feng
Published: October 2019

In this paper, Time‐sampling Simulation and lifetime calculation are both used to predict TFT reliability. The thin film transistor can be used to simulate and test the electrical properties of TFT devices according to the parameters measured many times. The simulation obtained by a lot of tests used to simulate and test the key points of TFT. In this way, we substitute the preset working parameters to save time. In this paper, Different insulating layer design of TFT device as an example has been investigated by stress simulation and TFT device lifetime has been predicted.
50.1: Invited Paper: Sensor Applications of Thin‐Film Devices
Authors: Kimura Mutsumi , Kurisu Shinpei
Published: October 2019

We are investigating sensor applications of thin‐film devices, such as, visible‐light sensor, infrared‐light sensor, temperature sensor, and magnetic‐field sensor. Particular in this presentation, it is found that the magnetic‐filed sensor can detect the spatial direction of the magnetic field.
50.2: Invited Paper: Improving lifetime and output current of organic‐based gas sensor for applications in breath detection
Authors: Yu Shang-Yu , Zan Hsiao-Wen , Chen Chang-Chiang , Meng Hsin-Fei , Lu Chia-Jung
Published: October 2019

We exploited the stability of Donor‐Acceptor polymer on the cylindrical nanopores structure to realize the sensors with a high sensitivity and stability. Then, we propose a double active layer (DL) strategy that exploits an ultra‐thin layer of Poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl) (P3HT) to serve as a work function buffer to enhance the operational current. The DL sensor exhibits a sustainable enhanced operational current of microampere level and a stable sensing response even with the presence of P3HT layer. This effect is carefully examined with different aspects, including vertical composition profile of DL configuration, lifetime testing on different sensing layer, morphological analysis, and the versatility of the DL strategy. Finally, we utilize the DL sensor to conduct a tracing of BA concentration in two HD patients before and after HD, and correlate it with the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. A good correlation coefficient of 0.96 is achieved.
53.2: Invited Paper: Current IEC Standardization on Evaluating Image Resolution in VR/AR Displays
Authors: Mou Tongsheng , Mou Xi
Published: October 2019

VR/AR eyewear displays are truly here in 2018, but the challenge remains. One of the potential benefits of VR/AR applications is the immersive experience with the virtual world that can suspend disbelief. However, the drawback is that the technology still needs improvement. Currently, most commercially available VR displays may only output 10‐20 ppd (pixel per degree) in angular resolution due to the limitation of the microdisplays. However, our human eye can dissolve the image details up over 60 ppd. Thus, the lack in image resolution can easily lose its capability of fooling the user. In order to improve the design such as the microdisplay panel or imaging optics, we need to evaluate the characteristics of the virtual images in the visual aspect. In conventional display measurement, pixel angular resolution is applied, but the pixel number is only a physical definition. Additionally, for a small pixel structure, it may have high spot luminance and low average image luminance which would cause an uncomfortable stimulus to the user.

Therefore, what is a better way to define image resolution in VR/AR displays? In this work, we reviewed the current methods proposed in IEC TC110 on image quality. Then, some of the key factors that involve the image resolution measurement would be presented. We first reviewed the fundamental aspects of visual‐spatial perception and the mechanism of the human eye, and then we explained why such display limits the image quality of VR/AR display systems. In addition, we presented other measurement parameters including the newly proposed term ‐ pixel angular density, MTF (modulation transfer function) as well as the virtual image quality in static and moving picture conditions. These parameters were addressed in this work from introducing the definition to how and why they are necessary to test. An example of measurement in static picture resolution is shown in Figure1. The contrast modulation measurement is performed to determine static picture resolution. The test patterns and the calculation formula are critical in the measurement. The goal of this work is to provide some essential and fundamental guidelines to manufactures and engineers in the image resolution measurement of VR/AR systems.

An example of contrast modulation measurement

figure
53.3: Invited Paper: An Overview of International Standardization for Image Quality of AR Displays
Authors: Mou Xi , Mou Tongsheng
Published: October 2019

Augmented Reality (AR) creates a photorealistic view by either superimposing or subtracting computer‐generated scenes onto a user's view of the real physical world. The challenge for the AR display is to convince the user whether it is effective by conveying the sense of reality. It can be quantified into several topics: 1) Virtual image quality in the dark room; 2) Virtual image quality with the bright background as an example of color image quality degeneration shown in Figure 1; and 3) Real world scenes effected by the optics and virtual image of the AR display. 4) Performance of the virtual image merged with the real scene.
56.1: Invited Paper: Visibly Transparent near‐IR Organic Photosensor for display application
Authors: Chen Chun-Chao
Published: October 2019

In the recent advance of mobile phone technology, touch panel and finger print sensor has become one of the most crucial component in the display panel integration. In order to realize a full‐screen finger print sensor, the sensor should be fully transparent toward the visible light, thus not affecting the light emission of the LCD/OLED arrays. Here, we present a visibly transparent organic photosensor with high photosensitivity toward near‐IR spectrum from 800 to 100 nm. The photosensor is realized through the utilization of organic semiconductor and solution‐processed silver nanowire electrode, making it a low‐cost and superior choice for the future display application.
56.3: Flexible and Transparent Optical Fingerprint Capture System Based on Multilayer‐Coated Gratings of Polydimethylsiloxane
Authors: Fu Yifei , Wang Haoyu , Wang Chengliang , Feng Liyan , Huang Xinran , Wu Bisheng , Jiang Shuai , Zheng Jun , Ye Zhicheng
Published: October 2019

With the rapidly growing demand of wearable displays, flexible and stretchable fingerprint recognition modules are needed, as one of the crucial components in a display device. In this work, a grating coupler typed optical fingerprint capture(OFC) based on Polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) substrate is presented in both simulation and experiment. The PDMS not only affords superior elasticity, but also facilitates the breaking of total internal reflection (TIR) of coupling lights to enhance the capture of fingerprint. Multilayer‐coated gratings are proposed to achieve high optical coupling efficiency of incident light. The proposed sensitive and flexible OFC system is of great promising in the practical applications.
57.2: Dual‐view display technology and device based on multi‐focus Fresnel lens array
Authors: Li Kunyang , Zhao Guanwen , Chen Xuehao , Liang Weitang , Liang Haowen , Zhou Jianying
Published: October 2019

In order to solve the problem of the screen resolution degradation with the existing dual‐view technology, an improved solution is proposed and implemented Theoretical simulation and experimental results show that the display device have a wider viewport range and obtain better dual‐view display effect. It is worth mentioning that the resolution of the screen will not drop. The dual‐view display device is structured by LED backlight, light barrier, holographic diffuser and multi‐focus Fresnel lens.
57.3: Improvement of Image Sticking for High Standard Automotive Application
Authors: Zhang Zhiyuan , Wang Jiandong , Dai Wenjun , Wang Kan , Tian Fan , Li Xiongping
Published: October 2019

As the rapid growth of LCD market, higher level of image quality is required. Image sticking is a phenomenon that a faint outline of previously displayed image remains visible on the screen as the frame is refreshed and it is an unvarying problem as the birth of LCD display. Furthermore, it has been a critical issue for high standard automotive application. In essence, the image sticking arises from the residual electric field (DC) in liquid crystal which caused by the ordered arrangement of ionic charges or dielectric polarization under the external DC offset voltage. In this paper, we will summarize the mechanism of the the residual DC voltage generation and image sticking. And an optimum Vcom setting method minimizing external DC offset voltage is introduced to improve image sticking.
P‐1.4: Corner and Binning Model Simulation of TFT for GOA driver circuit in G8.6 large‐size TFT‐LCDs
Authors: Mo Qiong-hua , Cho An-Thung , Liu Kai-jun , Hsu James , Hu Yun-qin , Chen Wade , Lu York
Published: October 2019

The design methodology for gate driving circuit (GOA) is critical to reduce the production cost and power consumption for TFT‐LCD. The process fluctuation in the manufacturing of TFT can cause the malfunction of GOA. TFT compact model is the key to take process fluctuation into consideration during design stage. The testing method and corner modeling for process fluctuation are discussed in this paper. The bin model methodology is also used to help optimize the W/L size of GOA drive circuit. A high reliable A‐Si TFT GOA was designed by combining the usage of corner model and bin model.
P‐1.5: Fabrication of Self‐Aligned Top‐Gate Amorphous InGaZnO Thin‐Film Transistors with Submicron Channel Length
Authors: Cao Yunkai , Yang Huan , Zhang Shengdong
Published: October 2019

A method based on photoresist trimming technique was developed to fabricate self‐aligned top‐gate amorphous indium‐gallium‐zinc oxide (a‐IGZO) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) with submicron channel length. In this scheme, a hard mask layer was adopted to further reduce the channel length defined by the photoresist trimming process. With this method, the self‐aligned top‐gate a‐IGZO TFT with channel length of about 0.6µm is fabricated. Moreover, the fabricated device shows a field effect mobility of 6.8 cm2/Vs, a subthreshold swing of 0.29V/decade, and high ON/OFF current ratio up to 108.
P‐1.6: Highly Stable LTPS TFT on Si Wafer under High Current Stress
Authors: Do Youngbin , Lee Suhui , Jeong Duk Young , Jang Jin
Published: October 2019

In this work, we report low temperature polysilicon (LTPS) thin film transistor (TFT) on the glass substrate and silicon wafer substrate by using blue laser annealing (BLA). The TFTs evaluated the high current stress (HCS) at the gate voltage (VGS) ‐20 V and the drain voltage (VDS) ‐6 V for 1 h. As a result, the performance of TFT on the silicon wafer shows excellent stability of HCS compared to that of TFT on the glass substrate. Also, viewed in its entirety, the break down current (IBK) of glass sample smaller than silicon wafer sample at breakdown voltage.
P‐1.7: Self‐aligned Top‐gate a‐ZrInZnO Thin‐Film Transistors Fabricated by Cosputtering Technique
Authors: Tao Jinao , Chang Baozhu , Zhang Shengdong
Published: October 2019

Self‐aligned top‐gate a‐ZrInZnO TFTs are fabricated by cosputtering, the devices show a high device performance, including a field‐effect mobility of 8.9 cm2/(V·s), and a small subthreshold slope of 0.38 V/dec. Furthermore, the ZrInZnO TFTs show excellent stress stability with a low Vth shifting, especially the negative bias illumination stress‐induced stability.
P‐1.12: Reliability Improvement on Embedded Luminance Sensor
Authors: Liu Shih-Bin , Fan WeiFeng , Lin Pei-Yang , Yu Chia-Min , Qiao Yanbing , Lai Hsin-Chieh , Chung Te-Chen
Published: October 2019

The embedded luminance sensor utilizes the electro‐optical properties of a‐Si film can indeed work for adjusting the degree of illuminance on a LCD panel. By screening the appropriate gate current, we can get the suitable leakage current and make the embedded luminance sensor have better electro‐optical characteristics. The results of reliability experiment also show us that the photo sensor has good performance under suitable electrical condition.
P‐1.14: The Influence of Bottom gate Dielectric Roughness on the Performance of Double‐Gate a‐IGZO Thin Film Transistors
Authors: Qin Ludong , Deng Xuan , Tao Jinao , Zhang Shengdong
Published: October 2019

In this paper,double gate amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide thin film transistors (a‐IGZO TFTs)are investigated in which we use SiO2 deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition(PECVD) as bottom‐gate dielectric with different roughness measured by AFM. Our results show that the devices with smaller roughness of bottom‐gate dielectric, which is able to decrease the interface scattering between a‐IGZO surface conducting channel and gate dielectric, can get much larger on state currents and bigger field effect mobilities.Besides,the devices still have good interface properties according to hysteresis curves.
P‐1.16: Top‐gate Self‐aligned InGaZnO TFTs with Copper Light Shield Layer
Authors: Lin ZhenGuo , Zhou XingYu , Ma Qian , Hsu YuanJun , Im JangSoon , Wu Yuan-chun
Published: October 2019

In this paper, top‐gate self‐aligned a‐IGZO TFTs with copper light shield layer were fabricated. In order to prevent Cu oxidation phenomenon, a SiNx buffer interlayer layer was added. TFT with SiNx buffer interlayer shows excellent VTH uniformity on Gen. 4.5 glass and good PBTS and NBTIS reliability. After these optimization of the thickness of SiNx layer, the Vth shift of PBTS and NBTIS could be improved to 0.5 V and ‐0.8 V.
P‐2.1: Effects of vergence parameters on asthenopia of patients with convergence insufficiency
Authors: zheng Fuhao , Wang Yuwen , Chen Hao
Published: October 2019

Purpose: patients with convergence insufficiency always have asthenopia during near work., but we found the signs and the symptoms did not match in part of patients. In this study, we want to investigate the effect of vergence parameters on asthenopia of patients with convergence insufficiency, and find some parameters to reflect the level of asthenopia.

Method: We recruited 58 patients with convergence insufficiency from Eye Hospital in Wenzhou Medical University (34 Males, 24 Female, Age 22.67±9.33 years) randomly, excluding strabismus, eye disease, trauma, anisometropia and dysfunction of accommodation. Patients were divided into three groups according to the values of symptom questionnaires using CISS, 20 patients in severe group, 19 in moderate group, and 19 in mild group, respectively. We analyzed the near phoria (PD/PN), near blur point (PB), the relationship between recover point ( PR) and level of asthenopia. We used the Sheard's rule: PSheard=2/3*PN‐1/3PB, and the difference value between phoria and recovery point: PR‐N=PR‐PN (PD/PN was exophoria using positive value). PSheard>0 means it was not match the Sheard's rule. PR‐N<0 means recover point is smaller than phoria.

Result: PN in sever group, moderate group and mild group was −9.50Δ±4.06Δ, −4.95Δ± 3.14Δ, −13.63Δ± 5.39Δ, respectively, the difference between each two groups are significant(F=19.46, P=<0.001). PSheard in sever group, moderate group and mild group was 1.90 Δ ± 3.02 Δ, −2.07 Δ ± 3.00 Δ, 3.42 Δ ± 3.06 Δ, respectively. There are statistically significant difference between moderate group and mild group, and between moderate group and severe group (P<0.05). In moderate group, PSheard <0, means it matched the Sheard's rule. The other two groups could not match the Sheard's rule. PR‐N in sever, moderate, mild group was (−5.85Δ±3.24Δ; 95%CI: −7.37Δ, −4.33Δ), (0.63Δ±4.62Δ; 95%CI: −1.59Δ, 2.86Δ), (−11.63Δ±6.53Δ; 95%CI: −14.78Δ, −8.49Δ), respectively. There were statistically significant difference between each two groups(F=29.13, P<0.001).

Conclusions: The relationship between phoria and recover point will influence the grade of asthenopia of CI patients. Asthenopia may appear when the value of recover point is close to phoria, if PR‐N is smaller than 2.86Δ (95%CI of moderate group). And intermittent suppression may appear at near tasks to alleviate symptoms, while PR‐N is smaller than ‐8.49Δ (95%CI of mild lever group).
P‐3.2: Measurement method of the Field of View for Near‐Eye Display device
Authors: Wang Tieshi , Qin Wei , Teng Wanpeng , Li Shengnan , Xu Zhiqiang , Zhang Chunfang , Liu Weixing , Li Xiaolong , Guo Kai , Peng Kuanjun
Published: October 2019

We propose a novel measurement method of field of view (FOV) for near‐eye display types (Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality). This method can make use of the existing laboratory optical testing equipment, without additional components, and utilize the characteristics of light propagating along a straight line. In addition, we propose a method for calculating FOV, that is, the edge luminance is reduced to 50% of the central luminance.
P‐4.3: Reflective Color filters based on subwavelength diffraction gratings
Authors: Meng Xianqin , Niu Haijun , Wang Wei , Ma Sen , Meng Xiandong , Chen Xiaochuan
Published: October 2019

This report discusses a potential reflected color filter for colorful display device. In this design, diffraction gratings could be color filter, reflect specific wavelengths to present blue, green, and red, even cyan and yellow. A 120nm silicon layer lays on a quartz substrate, and the silicon layer was patterned to generate a two‐dimensional circular pillars with different geometric parameters from 180nm pitch to 350nm Meanwhile, it has good tolerance to pillars shape and lattice parameters which are friendly news for volume production. Last but not least, these structures are independence of the polarization and insensitive angular of the incident light of 30°. These RGBCY five primary colors will extend the color gamma to 143% of NTSC. Designed structures can be volume fabricated by nano‐imprint lithography and etching processes.
P‐4.8: High Efficiency Wire Grid Polarizer for Quantum Dot Color Filter LCD
Authors: Liu Yujie , Zhang Shiyu , Shi Ge , Niu Haijun , Fang Zheng , Yang Song , Han Jiahui , Wang Yuyao , Sun Yanliu , IM Yunsik , Chen Xiaochuan , Zhu Ming
Published: October 2019

In quantum dot color filter (QDCF) LCD blue backlight is converted to red/green light separately by red/green quantum dot materials. In cell polarizer is necessary due to the depolarization of quantum dot material. WGP is more promising as in cell polarizer. Therefore it is particularly important to insure the transmittance of blue light as high as possible. In the article, the stacks of WGP and the upper and lower layers were designed to improve the transmittance of blue light. WGP with the upper and lower layers by chemical vapor deposition was fabricated by using nano‐imprinting lithography. The blue light transmittance of WGP in the panel without the upper and lower layers was about 24%. We optimized the design of thin film without changing the structure of WGP to make the transmittance to be increased to 40%. Experimental results showed that the proposed design could achieve a fairly high transmittance 39%.
P‐5.2: Aqueous Sr‐doped In2O3 TFT stability under negative bias illumination stress
Authors: Zhou Youhang , Li Jun , Yang Yaohua , Li Xifeng , Zhang Jianhua
Published: October 2019

In this paper, the Sr‐doped In2O3 thin film is fabricated by aqueous route and the stability of InSrO thin film transistor under negative bias illumination stress (NBIS) is investigated. It is found that Sr can effectively improve the stability of In2O3 TFTs under NBIS, which is due to the reduction of oxygen vacancies. The XPS measurement is tested to analyze the variation of oxygen vacancy concentration. The density of states is calculated to further confirm the decrease of total trap state caused by Sr doping.
P‐5.4: Processing Effects on the Performances of Indium Zinc Bismuth Oxide Thin Film Transistors
Authors: Lin Dong , Zhang Qun
Published: October 2019

Bismuth (Bi) has a stronger bond dissociation energy to the oxygen atom (337.2 kJ mol‐1) than indium (320.1 kJ mol‐1) and zinc (159.0 kJ mol‐1) [1]. Therefore, Bi can serve as a carrier suppressor for indium zinc oxide (IZO). In this work, bottom‐gate amorphous Bi doped IZO thin film transistors (a‐IZBO TFTs) were fabricated by means of radio‐frequency magnetron sputtering. During the deposition, pure Ar gas with a fixed flow rate of 30 sccm was introduced into the chamber and the sputtering pressure was maintained at 0.4 Pa. Effects of experimental variables including channel layer thickness (8, 30 and 38 nm) and sputtering power (30, 50, 70 and 90 W) on the performances of a‐IZBO TFTs were investigated. It is found that channel layer thickness has strong impacts on the threshold voltage (Vth) and subthreshold swing (S.S.) of a‐IZBO TFTs. With increasing channel layer thickness, Vth shifts to the negative direction, while S.S value decreases first and then increases. Increasing sputtering power also leads to the negative shift of Vth. As sputtering power increases from 30 to 70 W, field effect mobility (µFE) increases from 18.2 to 25.4 cm2V‐1s‐1. However, at higher sputtering power, µFE decreases to 19.6 cm2V‐1s‐1. As a result, the optimum a‐IZBO TFTs were obtained with channel layer thickness of 30 nm and sputtering power of 70 W.
P‐5.10: Lifetime Prediction Model for Microcapsule Electrophoretic Display Device Based on High Temperature and High humidity Test
Authors: Wu Mi , Luo Yujie , Wu Fenfang , Zeng Xi , Chen Yu , Wang Xidu
Published: October 2019

The failure mode of electronic paper display under different temperature and humidity conditions is studied in this paper. Nine high temperature and high humidity conditions are designed for the verification, it is found that the Arrehenius accelerated life model and the Peck accelerated life model are not suitable for the lifetime prediction of Microcapsule Electrophoretic Display Device. Therefore, based on these two accelerated life models, the new model is proposed, which is a new acceleration method for Predicting the lifetime of Microcapsule Electrophoretic Display Device, and the feasibility of this model has been theoretically confirmed.
P‐5.11: Research on the effect of simplified structure of mini‐LED backlight module on luminous efficiency
Authors: Zhang Bing , Geng Xiaolin , Han Bo , Qin Jianwei , Gao Liang , Sang Jian
Published: October 2019

We designed new mini‐LED backlight structure using a transflective film which can control the amounts of light transmitted directly and reflected to the substrate. The optical distance is reduced by 1.2mm in this structure. In addition, the luminous efficiency is enhanced by 20% with the high‐reflection layer design on the substrate.
P‐6.1: Review of Mask Haze in TFT Manufacturing
Authors: Yang Cheng Yu , Gao Yan Nan
Published: October 2019

Mask plays major role in the photolithography process during whole TFT manufacturing. The photolithography process transfers the desired pattern on mask into panel substrate, which forms some portions of device and performs some electric or optical functions. Due to pattern continuously duplicated, a correct pattern shape of mask is very important in the photolithography process. An abnormal pattern will results in huge loss of yield and cost.

The haze, a foreign matter grown or deposited on the surface of mask, is already a prevalent phenomenon in TFT photolithography manufacturing or well known in semiconductor manufacturing. It is already well identified that it is highly related to the storage environment of mask, that is, the so called AMC (Airborne Molecular Contamination).

A summarized mask haze classification based on past industrial service experience is proposed and a case study result with haze sampling at the site of mask manufacturer is followed in this review to show the understanding of the recently state of the art about mask haze in TFT industry.
P‐6.5: A Study about The Effect of Cu Film Recrystallization on Resistivity
Authors: Hu Xiaobo , Zhai Yuhao
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we investigated the recrystallization process of Cu films. By annealing at a high temperature of 300°C or above, the grain size of Cu films remarkably increasesd, and the number of grain boundaries decreased. Annealing helped to restructure of the films, causing to improve the electron transfer rate and the resistance of films droped by 15%.So that the thickness of the deposited Cu films can be reduced to achieve the same resistance, the production cost can be saved, and the production efficiency of the PVD machine will be improved.
P‐6.8: Study of Mass Transfer for Micro‐LED Manufacturing
Authors: Liu Xinyi , Tong Caiyu , Luo Xiongshi , Li Weizeng , Liu Zhaojun
Published: October 2019

Micro‐LED is superior to LCD and OLED in terms of power consumption, light efficiency, contrast, response time, reliability, color gamut, lifetime, resolution and viewing angle, it is regarded as the most promising display technology in next generation. However, there are still many technical bottlenecks that hinder the development of Micro‐LED display. One of the most important technical issues is mass transfer. Mass transfer is a technology aim to transferring millions or even tens of millions of Micro‐LED pixels which grown on sapphire substrates to the glass substrates required for display devices quickly and correctly and providing good electrical and mechanical connections between the Micro‐LED pixels and the drive circuits. There have been many companies that have been working to solve this problem and have come up with solutions from different technical aspects. In this paper, we will review several different technologies, classify them from the technical type, evaluate the maturity and achievability of the technology, and analyze the application fields of different technologies.
P‐6.10: Study on the mechanism and method of improving around mura
Authors: Chi Baolin , Zhang Yu , Zhao Yongchao , Chen Zhongtian , Cao Zhibo , Zhao Ting , Zhao Guo , Hsieh Chung-Ching , Chiu Chung-Yi
Published: October 2019

In this article, we study how to improve the irregular Mura in the surrounding and corner of GOA (Gate Driver on Array) product in high temperature and high humidity HTHHO (60/90) environment, because of the influence of PI Halo area. This article illustrates that by adjusting the PI phase separation ,adjusting the PI drop position and adjustment of coating position of Seal ,which can reduce the influence of PI and improve the around mura. The experimental results show that increasing PPO (PI prebake oven) temperature can accelerate the separation of PI phase, allow PI to form faster and improve the around mura. By modifying the Pattern coated by PI, the PI is expanded and the around mura. can be improved. Adjusting Seal location also improves Mura around the site.
P‐6.11: Research on the Influence of LCD dummy design on around mura
Authors: Yu Yun , Chen Jing , Zhang Pangling , Wang Zui , Chen Zhongtian , Yang Yifeng , Zhao Guo , Hsieh Chung-Ching , Ray
Published: October 2019

The around Mura is a common defect of TFT_LCD. In this paper, the analysis of around Mura on the black and low gray level shows that the around display unevenness caused by the difference between the Transmittance and color coordinates of the Cell gap anomaly. Due to the poor design and process of the Dummy area, the AA edge glass Bending caused the unevenness of the around Cellgap. Through optimization of design and process, this paper effectively improves the issue; and gives the Dummy area related design optimization suggestions and process choices, which fundamentally solves around mura
P‐6.12: The View Angle Simulation And Evaluation Platform For Memory Skin Colors
Authors: Wang Yan-xue , Chen Chun-chi , Lin Yue-cu , Hai Bo , Zheng Wei-wei , Hasio Yu-jun
Published: October 2019

The view angle simulation platform is introduced for memory skin colors. Transforming the LCH to RGB, display pattern were obtained. The V‐T curves for 4domain‐VA mode were simulated by LCDmatser software, expanded to 8domain structure. The color washout and color shift with LCS ratio were discussed by utilizing the platform.
P‐6.13: The Study on LC Material Pollution by ODF Sealant in PSVA LCD
Authors: Bai Bai , Zhang Yu , Song Yanjun , Du Xuan , Xie Zhongjing
Published: October 2019

In this paper, simulated method is introduced to study LC material pollution by ODF sealant in PSVA LCD producing. By this method, LC material pollution by two kinds of sealant materials cured at different conditions were studied.
P‐8.2: Research and Discussion on Current Low Blue Light Standards for TV Products
Authors: Ji Honglei , Li Zelong , Xu Huaishu
Published: October 2019

For the current mainstream low‐blue light standards implemented internationally and domestically, including the low‐blue‐light certification standards of the TUV Rheinland certification body from German, the T/CVIA‐02‐2017 standard for low‐blue display devices proposed by the China Electronics Video Industry Association, and the blue light hazard standards related to lamps and lamp systems in IEC/EN 62471, the compliance of various indicators and blue light hazard standards have been studied, which indicators include different parameters such as brightness and color point etc of TV products. Some results such as each standard above has certain limitations for TV products have been obtained, and some suggestions for improvement of standards have been given.