bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fundamentals of Laser Spectroscopy for Atoms and Diatomic Molecules
Authors: Lucht Robert P.
Published: December 2024

For the engineer or scientist using spectroscopic laser diagnostics to investigate gas-phase media or plasmas, this book is an excellent resource for gaining a deeper understanding of the physics of radiative transitions.  While a background in quantum mechanics is beneficial, the book presents a comprehensive review of the relevant aspects, extensively covering atomic and molecular structure alongside radiative transitions. The author employs effective Hamiltonians and Hund's case (a) basis wavefunctions to develop the energy level structure of diatomic molecules. These techniques also form the basis for treating radiative transitions in diatomic molecules. Recent advancements in quantum chemistry, enabling readers to calculate absolute single-photon and Raman transition strengths, are also presented. Illustrated with detailed example calculations of molecular structure and transition rates, this self-contained reference for spectroscopic data analysis will appeal to professionals in mechanical, aerospace, and chemical engineering, and in applied physics and chemistry.
Public Contracting for Social Outcomes
Authors: FitzGerald Clare J. , Macdonald J. Ruairi
Published: December 2024

Governments all over the world have transitioned away from directly providing public services to contracting and collaborating with cross-sectoral networks to deliver services on their behalf. Governments have thus pursued an array of policy instruments to improve interorganizational progress towards policy goals. In recent years, outcomes-based contracting has emerged as a compelling solution to service quality shortcomings and collective action challenges. Informed by public policy, public administration, and public procurement scholarship, this Element details the evolution of social outcomes in public contracting, exploring the relationship between how outcomes are specified and managed and how well such instruments deliver against policy goals. It comments on the possible drawbacks of contracting for social outcomes, highlighting how governments may use outcomes as an excuse to avoid actively managing contracts or to sidestep their accountability as outlined in public law. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Molecular Communication
Authors: Nakano Tadashi , Eckford Andrew , Haraguchi Tokuko
Published: December 2024

Fully revised and updated, this second edition is a comprehensive introduction to molecular communication including the theory, applications, and latest developments. Written with accessibility in mind, it requires little background knowledge, and carefully introduces the relevant aspects of biology and information theory, as well as practical systems. Capturing the significant changes and developments in the past decade, this edition includes seven new chapters covering: the architecture of molecular communication; modelling of biological molecular communication; mobile molecular communication; macroscale systems; design of components and bio-nanomachine formations. The authors present the biological foundations followed by analyses of biological systems in terms of communication theory, and go on to discuss the practical aspects of designing molecular communication systems such as drug delivery, lab-on-a-chip, and tissue engineering. Including case studies and experimental techniques, this remains a definitive guide to molecular communication for graduate students and researchers in electrical engineering, computer science, and molecular biology.
Elephants
Authors: de Silva Shermin R.
Published: December 2024

This volume compiles more than twenty years of behavioral research on the three living species of elephants in Africa and Asia (African Savannah, African Forest, and Asian elephant), together with their implications for conserving and managing wild elephant populations. The theoretical background, key terminology and findings are explained and presented in engaging language accessible to a wide range of non-specialists, from students to seasoned professionals. By viewing data from numerous studies through a comparative evolutionary perspective, the similarities and distinctions among species and populations come into clear relief, providing insight into the complexities of protecting these charismatic yet highly threatened mega-herbivores. Rather than mere exposition of what is known, readers are invited to reflect on the additional questions and puzzles that are still in need of answers, in the hope of inspiring a new generation of researchers and conservationists.
Hierarchical Inconsistency Among Family-Member Top Leaders and Nonfamily Executives' Compensation Levels: Evidence from Chinese Family Firms
Authors: Guo Yidi , Deng Zhangxuan
Published: December 2024

In this study, we propose hierarchical inconsistency among family-member top leaders as a novel structural reason for nonfamily executives' high compensation in family firms. Hierarchical inconsistency among family-member top leaders is observed when the head in the formal business hierarchy is not ranked the highest among family-member executives and directors in the informal family hierarchy. We argue that this structure triggers contestations between the heads of the two hierarchies, adding complexity and challenges to nonfamily executives' jobs. Family firms with hierarchical inconsistency among family-member top leaders need to offer higher compensation to make up for the demanding features of these professional managers' work. The positive relationship between hierarchical inconsistency and nonfamily executives' compensation is weaker when the proportion of female family-member executives and directors is high and when the formal head's tenure is long. We use data from publicly listed family firms in China to test our arguments. Our study contributes to family business research by suggesting how the interplay between family relationships and formal organizational structures influences job features and compensation decisions.
The Daugavet and Delta-constants of points in Banach spaces
Authors: Choi Geunsu , Jung Mingu
Published: December 2024

We introduce two new notions called the Daugavet constant and Δ-constant of a point, which measure quantitatively how far the point is from being Daugavet point and Δ-point and allow us to study Daugavet and Δ-points in Banach spaces from a quantitative viewpoint. We show that these notions can be viewed as a localized version of certain global estimations of Daugavet and diametral local diameter two properties such as Daugavet indices of thickness. As an intriguing example, we present the existence of a Banach space X in which all points on the unit sphere have positive Daugavet constants despite the Daugavet indices of thickness of X being zero. Moreover, using the Daugavet and Δ-constants of points in the unit sphere, we describe the existence of almost Daugavet and Δ-points, as well as the set of denting points of the unit ball. We also present exact values of the Daugavet and Δ-constant on several classical Banach spaces, as well as Lipschitz-free spaces. In particular, it is shown that there is a Lipschitz-free space with a Δ-point, which is the furthest away from being a Daugavet point. Finally, we provide some related stability results concerning the Daugavet and Δ-constant.
A paradigmatic shift in the relationship between bilingualism and creativity: Plurilingual creativity approach
Authors: Kharkhurin Anatoliy V.
Published: December 2024

This article delves into the intricacies of the relationship between bilingualism and creativity. It provides an overview of past research and examines its methodology. It introduces a multilingual creative cognition theoretical framework that focuses on the cognitive mechanisms underlying creative potential and how these mechanisms might benefit from an individual’s multilingual abilities. The link between multilingualism and creative potential is explained by multilingual developmental factors such as proficiency, age, and sociocultural context of language acquisition, as well as cognitive functions such as language-mediated concept activation, selective attention, code-switching, and metaphor. However, the multilingual creative cognition approach takes a narrow perspective. By synthesizing empirical evidence and theoretical insights, the article proposes a plurilingual creativity framework – a multifaceted approach that transcends traditional bilingualism and creative cognition frameworks. It underscores the significance of a comprehensive language repertoire, multicultural experiences, and intercultural competence as pivotal elements enriching various aspects of creative endeavor. The article also introduces the Plurilingual Intercultural Creative Keys educational program, which aims to develop plurilingual, intercultural, and creative capabilities in educational settings. Through a holistic analysis, this study contributes to a nuanced understanding of the relationship between linguistic and cultural diversity and creativity. It also suggests practical implications for fostering linguistic and creative skills in a globalized context.
Caring for Muslim Children and Families in Health Care Settings: Considerations and Recommendations for Pediatric Psychologists
Authors: Hida Rahma M. , Hamoda Hesham M.
Published: December 2024

Objective: This article explores the intersection of Islamic beliefs and pediatric psychology, proposes theoretical frameworks for understanding Muslim patients’ and families’ religious and spiritual needs, reviews religiously integrated assessments and interventions, and provides practical and actionable recommendations for pediatric psychologists interested in integrating religion and spirituality into their work generally and with Muslim patients and families specifically. Tenets of the faith are linked to factors such as religious coping and treatment adherence. Method: This topical review utilizes a systematic and explorative approach to identify and synthesize existing literature on this topic. Results: Research on addressing the religious and spiritual needs of Muslim pediatric populations is lacking; however, research shows religious coping is significantly associated with positive health outcomes. In recent decades, researchers have adapted therapeutic modalities such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) to Muslim patients’ needs, and Muslim researchers have developed Islamically based frameworks for psychology and psychotherapy. Conclusions: This article highlights the need for culturally informed and religiously integrated intervention within pediatric psychology.

Implications for Impact Statement

This article explores the intersection of Islamic beliefs and psychology and reviews practical and actionable steps to inform pediatric psychologists’ work with Muslim children and families.
Enhancing Clinical Training: Integrating Religion and Spirituality Into Undergraduate Psychology Coursework
Authors: Shirkey Kezia C.
Published: December 2024

Objective: This article aims to provide a rationale for including instruction on integrating religion and spirituality (R/S) into psychological care at all stages of clinical training, including undergraduate coursework, and to provide examples from undergraduate courses and clinical cases. Method: The article provides an overview of the importance of R/S as a significant aspect of humanity that shapes patient behaviors and beliefs and influences health outcomes (e.g., Koenig et al., 2001 ; Montaño & Kasprzyk, 2015 ) and medical decision making ( Puchalski & O’Donnell, 2005 ). The importance of inclusion of R/S as part of cultural competence and cultural humility is discussed. The article then reviews the lack of consistent integration across training ( Walker et al., 2004 ). Results: I provide ideas for how this important topic could be included in coursework. Topics and strategies are described, and brief case examples are included to illustrate the concepts covered. Conclusions: The article ends with a specific call to increase pediatric psychologists’ competencies in this area to serve our patients and trainees, to increase integration across all training levels (undergraduate, graduate, and internship/fellowship), and to collaborate with our colleagues who are expert in these matters (e.g., chaplaincy) as appropriate.

Implications for Impact Statement

Religion and spirituality (R/S) are important aspects of humanity that shape patient behaviors and beliefs and influence health outcomes (e.g., Koenig et al., 2001 ; Montaño & Kasprzyk, 2015 ) and medical decision making ( Puchalski & O’Donnell, 2005 ). There is a lack of consistent training on R/S integration in all levels of clinical training (undergraduate, graduate, internship/postdoc). This article provides examples of integrating R/S in psychological care from both an undergraduate counseling course and pediatric psychology cases.
Bio-inspired anti-swelling amyloid-fiber lysozyme adhesive for rapid wound closure and hemostasis
Authors: Liu Tingwu , Wang Zilin , Zhang Xu , Xu Donghua , Yan Qiuyan , Chen Yuanwei , Luan Shifang
Published: December 2024

We report a coacervate tissue adhesive (γ-PGA-CHO/RLZM/LZM) driven by electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and Schiff base bond. It is a promising candidate for hemostasis and repair of tissue wounds in the body.
Fe3N/Fe3O4 hetero-nanocrystals embedded in porous carbon fibers for enhanced lithium storage
Authors: Ma Yuanxiao , Hu Chen , Ruan Miaobing , Li Yigang , Wang Xuefan , Chen Zepeng , Cai Ze-Xing , Han Yan , Liu Shenghong , Sun Haibin
Published: December 2024

Fe3N/Fe3O4@C were synthesized by consecutive carbonization and nitridation treatment, which delivered a high specific capacity of 1984 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and 282 mA h g−1 after 2000 cycles at 5 A g−1.
Deconvoluting capping ligand influence on photophysical properties in tetrathiafulvalene-based diradicaloids
Authors: Lopez Nathan E. , McNamara Lauren E. , Anferov Sophie W. , Anderson John S.
Published: December 2024

Tetrathiafulvalene-2,3,6,7-tetrathiolate (TTFtt) complexes are synthetically tunable and emit brightly in the near-infrared II region (NIR II, 1000–1700 nm).
Gradient engineering in interfacial evaporation for water, energy, and mineral harvesting
Authors: Li Lin , Sun Xisheng , Miao Jie , Wang Haonan , Song Yongchen , Tang Dawei
Published: December 2024

Various energy and mass gradients in solar-driven interfacial evaporation systems are decisive factors for energy and mineral resource harvesting. The guidance of gradient engineering promises to improve the water–energy–mineral supply chains.
Wastewater surveillance for public health: Quo Vadis?
Authors: Gagnon Graham , Stadler Lauren , Bivins Aaron , Moulin Laurent , Kitajima Masaaki
Published: December 2024

Editor-in-Chief Graham Gagnon introduces this Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology themed issue on wastewater surveillance.
Isocyanate-based multicomponent reactions
Authors: Zavarise Clara , Cintrat Jean-Christophe , Romero Eugénie , Sallustrau Antoine
Published: December 2024

Review on the isocyanate-based multicomponent reaction.
Progress in crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cells
Authors: Liang Bingquan , Chen Xinliang , Wang Xiaofeng , Yuan Heze , Sun Aixin , Wang Zheng , Hu Liyuan , Hou Guofu , Zhao Ying , Zhang Xiaodan
Published: December 2024

Key materials and device structures of crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cells.
Automated Scoring of the Speech Intelligibility Test Using Autoscore
Authors: Stipancic Kaila L. , Barrett Tyson S. , Tjaden Kris , Borrie Stephanie A.
Published: December 2024

Purpose:

The purpose of the current study was to develop and test extensions to Autoscore, an automated approach for scoring listener transcriptions against target stimuli, for scoring the Speech Intelligibility Test (SIT), a widely used test for quantifying intelligibility in individuals with dysarthria.

Method:

Three main extensions to Autoscore were created including a compound rule, a contractions rule, and a numbers rule. We used two sets of previously collected listener SIT transcripts (
N
= 4,642) from databases of dysarthric speakers to evaluate the accuracy of the Autoscore SIT extensions. A human scorer and SIT-extended Autoscore were used to score sentence transcripts in both data sets. Scoring performance was determined by (a) comparing Autoscore and human scores using intraclass correlations (ICCs) at individual sentence and speaker levels and (b) comparing SIT-extended Autoscore performance to the original Autoscore with ICCs.

Results:

At both the individual sentence and speaker levels, Autoscore and the human scorer were nearly identical for both Data Set 1 (ICC = .9922 and ICC = .9767, respectively) and Data Set 2 (ICC = .9934 and ICC = .9946, respectively). Where disagreements between Autoscore and a human scorer occurred, the differences were often small (i.e., within 1 or 2 points). Across the two data sets (
N
= 4,642 sentences), SIT-extended Autoscore rendered 510 disagreements with the human scorer (vs. 571 disagreements for the original Autoscore).

Discussion:

Overall, SIT-extended Autoscore performed as well as human scorers and substantially improved scoring accuracy relative to the original version of Autoscore. Coupled with the substantial time and effort saving provided by Autoscore, its utility has been strengthened by the extensions developed and tested here.
Online Arabic and English Digits-in-Noise Tests: Effects of Test Language and At-Home Testing
Authors: Shehabi Adnan , Plack Christopher J. , Prendergast Garreth , Munro Kevin J. , Stone Michael A. , Laycock Joseph , AlJasser Arwa , Guest Hannah
Published: December 2024

Purpose:

The Digits-in-Noise (DIN) test is used widely in research and, increasingly, in remote hearing screening. The reported study aimed to provide basic evaluation data for browser-based DIN software, which allows remote testing without installation of an app. It investigated the effects of test language (Arabic vs. English) and test environment (lab vs. home) on DIN thresholds and test–retest reliability. It also examined the effects of test language on the correlations between DIN and audiometric thresholds.

Method:

Fifty-two bilingual adults with normal hearing aged 18–35 years completed Arabic and English diotic DIN tests (two sessions in the lab and two sessions at home via the web). Effects of language and environment on DIN thresholds were assessed via paired
t
tests, while intraclass and Pearson's/Spearman's correlation coefficients quantified test–retest reliability and relations to audiometric thresholds.

Results:

DIN thresholds were 0.74 dB higher (worse) for Arabic than English stimuli. Thresholds were 0.52 dB lower in the lab than at home, but the effect was not significant after correction for multiple comparisons. Intraclass and Pearson's correlation coefficients were too low for meaningful analysis due to the use of a normal-hearing sample with low between-subject variability in DIN and audiometric thresholds. However, exploratory analysis showed that absolute test–retest differences were low (< 1.2 dB, on average) for both languages and both test environments.

Conclusions:

Arabic DIN thresholds were a little higher than English thresholds for the same listeners. Employing home-based rather than lab-based testing may slightly elevate DIN thresholds, but the effect was marginal. Nonetheless, both factors should be considered when interpreting DIN data. Test–retest differences were low for both languages and environments. To support hearing screening, subsequent research in audiometrically diverse listeners is required, testing the reliability of DIN thresholds and relations to hearing loss.
Strong signature of right-handed circularly polarized photoionization close to the cyclotron line in the atmosphere of magnetic white dwarfs
Authors: Rohrmann René D.
Published: December 2024

Magnetic fields break the symmetry of the interaction of atoms with photons with different polarizations, yielding chirality and anisotropy properties. The dependence of the absorption spectrum on the polarization, a phenomenon known as dichroism, is present in the atmosphere of magnetic white dwarfs. Its evaluation for processes in the continuum spectrum has been elusive so far due to the absence of appropriate ionization equilibrium models and incomplete data on photoionization cross sections. We combined rigorous solutions to the equilibrium of atomic populations with approximate cross sections to calculate the absolute opacity due to photoionization in a magnetized hydrogen gas. We predict a strong right-handed circularly polarized absorption (χ+) formed blueward of the cyclotron resonance for fields from about 14 to several hundred megagauss. In energies lower than the cyclotron fundamental, this absorption shows a deep trough with respect to linear and left-handed circular polarizations that steepens with the field strength. The jump in χ+ is due to the confluence of a large number of photoionization continua produced by right-handed circularly polarized transitions from atomic states with a nonnegative magnetic quantum number toward different Landau levels.
Study on equilibrium strategies for transboundary pollution under competitive conditions
Authors: Wang Wenwen , Xue Linzhao , Zhang Ming
Published: December 2024

Competitive relationships among players plays an increasing role on transboundary pollution management. In this paper, a transboundary pollution game between two competitive regions as a player is constructed to explore the equilibrium strategies of output and pollution abatement efforts. The dynamic of the pollution stocks for regions are modeled separately in terms of a differential equation. Subsequently, the corresponding equilibrium strategies and value functions are derived in two regimes: Nash non-cooperative and Stackelberg leader–follower games. And the expectation and variances of pollution stocks are calculated over time. Our results are summarized as follows. First, an increase in the proportion of transboundary pollution increases the output of pollution upstream region, decreases the output of pollution downstream region, and ultimately raises the aggregate pollution stock of both regions. Second, regional competitive preference can enhance the local abatement effort and reduce the aggregate pollution stock. Finally, the total social welfare and environmental quality are higher in the Nash non-cooperative game, but pollution downstream region seek to be a leader in the Stackelberg game.
Gefäßmedizinische Rehabilitation bei Patienten mit peripher
arterieller Verschlusskrankheit (pAVK)Von der spezialisierten Form zur eigenen
Fachabteilung
Authors: Dörr Gesine
Published: December 2024

Patienten mit pAVK sind hinsichtlich der Verordnungshäufigkeit von Reha-Maßnahmen
[1] und der Kontrolle der Risikofaktoren im Vergleich zu Patienten mit koronarer
Herzerkrankung (KHK) bei Hausärzten schlechter eingestellt [2–4]. Sie erkennen
das erhöhte kardiovaskuläre Risiko und die damit verbundene Notwendigkeit einer
Lebensstiländerung und Therapietreue nicht in dem Maße wie Patienten mit KHK
[5]. Dieser Beitrag widmet sich der Frage, warum die Entwicklung spezialisierter
gefäßmedizinischer Versorgungsstrukturen angestrebt wurde und wie sich dies zu
einem eigenständigen Gebiet der Rehabilitation weiterentwickeln kann und sollte.
10 Punkte für die moderne Diagnostik und Therapie bei CKD-MBD
Authors: Ketteler Markus
Published: December 2024

Eines der verwirrendsten Themen im Management von Patienten mit chronischer Nierenkrankheit (CKD: „chronic kidney disease“) und insbesondere im Dialysestadium ist der angemessene Umgang mit den pathologischen Manifestationen der CKD am Skelettsystem. In einer aktuellen und didaktisch ausgezeichneten Übersichtsarbeit haben sich Jørgensen et al. dieser klinischen Herausforderung gewidmet und plakativ 10 Punkte herausgearbeitet, welche in der modernen Diagnostik und Therapie gewürdigt werden sollten.
Leitlinie Osteoporose des Dachverbands Osteologie e. V. (DVO)
Authors: Jehle Peter M. , Thomasius Friederike
Published: December 2024

In der im Jahr 2023 erschienenen Leitlinie des Dachverbands Osteologie e. V. (DVO) zur Osteoporose wird erstmals die chronische Nierenkrankheit (CKD: „chronic kidney disease“) als neuer Risikofaktor für vertebrale und Schenkelhalsfrakturen aufgeführt. Während es für die Osteoporose sehr viele evidenzbasierte Studien gibt, ist dies für die renale Osteopathie (CKD-BMD: „chronic kidney disease – bone mineral disorder“) nicht der Fall. Im Weltbild der Osteoporosetherapie steht das Frakturrisiko im Fokus, bei der CKD-MBD ist dies eher die Progressionshemmung von kardiovaskulären Verkalkungen. In diesem Beitrag werden die in der neuen Leitlinie relevanten Passagen aus nephrologischer sowie osteologischer Sicht beleuchtet und miteinander verglichen.
Evidenzbasierte Therapie von Hyperphosphatämie und Vitamin-D-Mangel
Authors: Heine Gunnar Henrik
Published: December 2024

Patienten mit einer chronischen Nierenkrankheit (CKD: „chronic kidney disease“) weisen eine hohe kardiovaskuläre Morbidität und Mortalität auf. Auf traditionelle Risikofaktoren der Atherosklerose zielende Strategien, die in der Allgemeinbevölkerung erfolgreich sind, erbringen jedoch bei schwerer CKD keinen eindeutigen Benefit. Daher haben Präventionsstrategien bei CKD lange auf nichttraditionelle Risikofaktoren fokussiert – insbesondere auf Komponenten der CKD-assoziierten Mineral- und Knochenstörungen (CKD-MBD: „chronic kidney disease – mineral and bone disorder“). Allerdings ist die Evidenz für eine kardiovaskuläre Risikoreduktion durch die Therapie der CKD-MBD begrenzt. Jenseits der CKD-MBD sind nun mit SGLT-2-Inhibitor (SGLT-2: „sodium-glucose linked transporter 2“), GLP-1-Analoga (GLP-1: „glucagon-like peptide-1“) und nichtsteroidalem Mineralo-Kortikoid-Rezeptor-Antagonist Pharmaka verfügbar, die in Phase-III-Studien eine klare kardiovaskuläre Risikoreduktion erlaubt haben und zudem bei nichtdialysepflichtiger CKD nephroprotektiv sind. Daher sollten nun Therapiestrategien der CKD-MBD kritisch reevaluiert werden.
Impact of Paper Consumption in Radiology Departments on Carbon Footprint and Climate Change: A Retrospective Analysis and Future Projections
Authors: Jagadeesha Sushmitha , Agarwal Shikha , Hussein Mohsin , Davies A Mark , Adebowale Durosinmi , Botchu Rajesh
Published: December 2024

Introduction Climate change and global warming have major contributions from greenhouse gas emissions. Despite the introduction of digitalized systems, many health care systems still rely heavily on paper. The purpose of this study is to investigate paper usage in the radiology department of a single hospital institution over the last 3 years to forecast paper usage up to 2050.

Methodology This retrospective study was performed in the radiology department of our tertiary orthopaedic hospital. The study included forms used for diagnostic and interventional procedures in various departmental modalities. Diagnostic procedures require one to three forms and interventional procedures require three forms each. Based on the established ratio that 1.2 trees are cut for every 10,000 sheets of papers used, the study calculated the number of trees cut annually over the past 3 years and projected paper usage and tree loss until 2050.

Results Paper usage was distributed between diagnostic and interventional procedures, with 67% used in diagnostics and 33% in interventions. The corresponding number of trees cut during this period amounted to 53.729 trees, with 47.4 trees for diagnostic procedures and 6.4 trees for interventional procedures. A total of 57.8 trees for diagnostic procedures and 11.7 trees for interventional procedures were forecasted to be cut annually from 2024 to 2050, cumulatively being 1,227 trees by the year 2050.

Conclusion Our individual department had a significant contribution from paper usage in the carbon footprint of the department. Adoption of digitalized appointment, prescribing, and patient records is important in reducing this and achieving the NHS net zero targets.
Efficacy of Microscissors DREZotomy in Patients with Posttraumatic Brachial Plexus Injury: A Single-Center Study
Authors: Kaul Rakshay , Agrawal Deepak
Published: December 2024

Introduction Brachial plexus injury (BPI) is often associated with a neuropathic pain that usually is managed with analgesics; however, in up to 10% of the patients, it may be associated with a severely disabling chronic pain that does not respond to even maximal medical therapy.

Materials and Methods This retrospective analysis included all the patients undergoing microscissors DREZotomy (MDZ) by a single surgeon (D.A.) for post-BPI brachialgia over 4 years (excluding 1.5 years of the COVID-19 pandemic) between 2018 and 2024 at our institution. Pain was quantified using the visual analog scale (VAS) between 0 and 10.

Results A total of 32 patients underwent MDZ, of whom 3 patients had a redo DREZotomy. There were no complications and 65.7% patients showed an excellent response to pain with a VAS score of less than 3/10, which was statistically significant (p < 0.001). About 25.1% patients showed a good improvement in the VAS score of between 3 and 5.

Conclusion MDZ is a very safe and highly effective technique to relieve the chronic refractory neuralgia in BPI. This technique can be performed with ease even in resource-limited conditions.
Radiofrequency Ablation for Recurrent Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma at the Central Compartment Node: A Case Report
Authors: My Le Thi , My Thieu Thi Tra , Tu Ngo Thi Thanh , Anh Tran Thi Hoang , Hiep Pham Vu
Published: December 2024

Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common thyroid cancer with a good prognosis. However, local recurrence or cervical lymph node metastasis is frequent. Reoperation is a standard treatment but may be challenging due to the formation of fibrosis, cervical anatomy distortion, and the small size of recurrent lesions. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive modality for recurrent thyroid cancer in high-risk patients or those who refuse surgery. Here, we describe the case of a 41-year-old woman who underwent total thyroidectomy with central neck dissection because of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Follow-up ultrasonography 14 months after the second surgery revealed two abnormal lymph nodes in the right neck at level VI. She underwent RFA of the lymph nodes. Eighteen months after RFA, the metastasis lymph nodes disappeared completely.
Phase transition in a layered Ising model
Authors: Banshchikov A. I. , Mitsaĭ Yu. N. , Shakhova N. V.
Published: December 2024

The magnetization and magnetic susceptibility are calculated for a layered system in which it is assumed that the interaction between spins in a plane is long-range and only neighboring planes interact. The calculations are carried out to first order in the square of the inverse interaction radius in a plane.
Changes in thermal conductivity anisotropy of the layered crystal Pbl2 under uniaxial compression
Authors: Anders É. E. , Volchok I. V. , Sukharevskii B. Ya.
Published: December 2024

Temperature dependences of the thermal conductivity of Pbl2 layered crystals parallel and perpendicular to the layers are studied experimentally in the temperature range 2–30 °K under uniaxial loading. An analysis of the experimental results allows one to assume that the lowering of thermal conductivity parallel to the layers and its increase in the perpendicular direction under compression can be explained by the decrease in the anisotropy of the crystal due to the phonon spectrum becoming “three-dimensional.”
Interaction of dislocations with impurity atoms of different valencies and high-frequency internal friction in superconducting and normal lead. II. The electrostatic component and its contribution to the total interaction
Authors: Pal’-Val’ L. N. , Platkov V. Ya. , Roshchupkin A. M.
Published: December 2024

Within the framework of the nonlinear Thomas–Fermi approximation and the continuum dislocation theory that takes account of the finite dislocation width we carried out a consistent consideration of the electrostatic interaction of dislocations with an impurity atom whose relative valency was renormalized with allowance for lattice distortions around it. The total interaction energy is shown to contain terms linear and quadratic in the effective impurity charge and a term of electrodimensional interaction as well as terms due to elastic interactions. Quantitatively, the contribution from each term is significant and comparable in magnitude to those from the other terms but the signs may be different, as a result of which the interaction picture is rather complicated. Suggestions are given as to directions to be taken in analyzing the experimental results with a view to obtaining qualitatively new information about the interaction of dislocations with impurity atoms.
Anomalies of the magnetic susceptibility of the ternary molybdenum sulfides Pb0.9Mo6S7.5
Authors: Bulakh I. E. , Drozdova S. V. , Kalyuzhnaya G. A. , Pan V. M. , Primachenko V. F. , Shevchenko A. D. , Shevchuk N. V. , Shubaev M. V.
Published: December 2024

The temperature dependences of the magnetic susceptibilities, χ, of single crystals and single-phase polycrystals of the superconducting compound Pb0.9Mo6S7.5 with different values of the electrical-resistance ratio α = R300/R12 have been measured in the temperature range from 4.2 to 300°K. It is found that the investigated samples are paramagnetic, and that the value of χ increases with decreasing temperature and α.
Boundary conditions for the Eilenberger and Usadel equations and properties of “dirty” SNS sandwiches
Authors: Ivanov Z. G. , Kupriyanov M. Yu. , Likharev K. K. , Meriakri S. V. , Snigirev O. V.
Published: December 2024

Boundary conditions are obtained for the Eilenberger, Usadel, and Ginzburg–Landau equations at the sharp planar (specular) interface of two metals that have equal electronic masses and are in good electrical contact. These conditions are used to investigate the steady-state Josephson effect in quasi-one-dimensional “dirty” SNS sandwiches with an interlayer of “truly” normal with TcN = 0. It is concluded that the maximum values of the parameter Vc of such structures are attained in the case where the N interlayer consists of a high-resistivity metal of relatively low thickness d [γ <d/ξN≲1(γ = σNξs/σsξN;σN,s) and ξN,S are the conductivities and coherence lengths of the normal and superconducting metals].
Theory of dynamic and thermodynamic properties of an impurity spin in an anisotropic Heisenberg ferromagnet
Authors: Borovikov V. S.
Published: December 2024

The behavior of an impurity spin with arbitrary parameters in an anisotropic Heisenberg ferromagnet has been analyzed by the Jacobi matrix technique. The theory developed permits a number of observed effects to be described from a unified point of view. In particular, the single-ion anisotropy is shown to affect strongly the temperature dependence of the spontaneous magnetization of an impurity atom. The appearance of a quasilocal impurity state near the bottom of the continuous spectrum is possible for nonweak-coupled impurity spins, providing an explanation for the observed broad quasilocal levels.
Stress variation in normal metals in magnetic fields
Authors: Bol’shutkin D. N. , Desnenko V. A.
Published: December 2024

We present the results of a study of the effect of experimental conditions on the load at the dynamometer under flow stress in aluminum at T = 4.2 °K in constant magnetic fields of up to 27 kOe. The analysis of the experimental data indicates that the observed load changes are due to forces of electrodynamic and magnetostatic origin.
Fluctuations in finite-capacitance Josephson tunnel junctions
Authors: Zorin A. B.
Published: December 2024

A general expression is obtained for the spectral density of voltage fluctuations in a Josephson tunnel junction Sv (ω). According to this expression, voltage fluctuations at a frequency ω can be viewed as resulting from parametric transformation of fluctuation sources at combination frequencies ω + (m + 1/2) ωv, where ωv=2eV¯ is the Josephson frequency. The low-frequency spectral density Sv(0) is computed as a function of the average voltage V¯ for a junction with a relatively low intrinsic capacitance (β ≪ 1). The result of the calculation is compared with the generalized resistive model of a Josephson junction, as well as with the magnitude of Sv(0) for a tunnel junction in the normal state.
Charged vortex complexes in a superfluid helium film
Authors: Shikin V. B. , Shikina N. I.
Published: December 2024

It is shown that vortex pairs in a thin superfluid film are attracted to a single electron charged dimple which develops when a free electron is located on the film surface. As a result, a vortex charged complex develops, the mobility of which must depend on the equilibrium density of vortex pairs in the film.
Capillary constant and surface tension of hydrogen and deuterium over a wide temperature range
Authors: Baidakov V. G. , Khvostov K. V. , Skripov V. P.
Published: December 2024

The capillary constant a of normal hydrogen and normal deuterium was measured by the differential capillary method over the temperature range from 20.6 °K to 0.96 Tc (Tc being the critical temperature), whereupon the surface tension σ of both was calculated for the same temperature range. Simple equations are proposed which describe the temperature dependence of a2 and σ for these two substances with an inaccuracy not exceeding the experimental error.
Density dependence of the thermal conductivity of hcp single crystals of He3 solutions in He4. Analysis of phonon scattering mechanisms
Authors: Golub A. A. , Svatko S. V.
Published: December 2024

The thermal conductivity of an hcp solution of 0.155 at.% He3 in He4 with molar volumes at 18.35 and 19.2 cm3/mole, respectively, was measured over the temperature range from 0.4 °K to the melting point, to supplement such measurements already made1 for He4 with a molar volume of 20.56 cm3/mole. Within the temperature range where a hydrodynamical description of the thermal conductivity holds the mechanisms of phonon scattering are analyzed, the density dependence of the intensity of phonon scattering by the isotope impurity is derived, and the upper limit of the dislocation density in the solid solution is estimated.
Dispersion of the sound velocity at the doppleron-phonon resonance in molybdenum and tungsten
Authors: Burma N. G. , Butenko T. F. , Grishin A. M. , Tsymbal L. T.
Published: December 2024

The shape of the ultrasonic velocity-dispersion and absorption lines in molybdenum and tungsten is investigated theoretically and experimentally in the case where the wave vector and magnetic field are both parallel to [001].
Temperature dependence of the resistance of Cu–Cu point contacts over the temperature range 1.5–100 °K
Authors: Akimenko A. I. , Verkin A. B. , Ponomarenko N. M. , Yanson I. K.
Published: December 2024

It is found that the resistance R (T) of pure (li ≫d) Cu-Cu point contacts is approximately proportional to T4 at 20<T<40 °K[ρ(T)∼T5 for the contact electrodes]. Such a dependence for R(T) agrees well with the results of calculations, if the calculations employ measured point contact electron-phonon interaction functions with subtraction of the background. It is shown that one-phonon umklapp processes produce the major contribution to the point contact electron-phonon interaction (EPI) function.
Effect of light impurities on the low-temperature heat capacity of highly anisotropic crystals
Authors: Feodos’ev S. B. , Syrkin E. S.
Published: December 2024

Peresada’s method of Jacobi matrices at the microscopic level for a specific crystal-lattice model is used to calculate the effect of a light impurity on the heat capacity of a highly anisotropic crystal. It is shown that owing to the presence of a sharp low-frequency maximum on the vibrational density of a highly anisotropic crystal a light impurity significantly alters its phonon heat capacity at low temperatures.
Low-temperature broadening of ESR lines and magnetic ordering in nickel hexammines
Authors: Anders A. G. , Volotskii S. V. , Zvyagin A. I. , Stankowski J. , Szczanecki B.
Published: December 2024

Measurements have been made on low-temperature features of the UHF absorption of a series of nickel hexammines that are related to the magnetic ordering of the samples. The shapes of the ESR lines are examined. The moments of the absorption lines have been calculated to determine the crystalline-field and exchange interaction parameters for these compounds.
Nonequilibrium properties of antiferromagnets in pulsed fields at a second-order phase transition
Authors: Borovikov V. S. , Frishman A. M.
Published: December 2024

We derive the kinetics of an antiferromagnetic system in a strong field. We study the possible appearance of significant nonequilibrium effects in the neighborhood of a second-order phase transition and we calculate the absorbed power.
The quantum ground state and low temperature magnetization of a weakly biaxial Heisenberg ferromagnet
Authors: Filatova L. D. , Tsukernik V. M.
Published: December 2024

The energy and wave function of the quantum ground state are found for a Heisenberg ferromagnet, in which the anisotropy field along one of the major axes is weak in comparison with the effective field (sum of the external field and the anisotropy field) along the other axis. The magnetization at zero temperature is also calculated. A comparison is made with the results of a semiclassical treatment.
Superconductivity of metallic gallium phosphide
Authors: Timofeev Yu. A. , Vinogradov B. V. , Yakovlev E. N.
Published: December 2024

A superconducting transition in the metallic phase of gallium phosphide has been discovered with a critical temperature Tc = 9.3 °K.
Giant splitting of the excited electronic state during exciton self-localization in antiferromagnetic CsMnCI3 crystals
Authors: Dokashenko V. P. , Eremenko V. V. , Matyushkin É. V. , Smushkov V. I.
Published: December 2024

Luminescence and its excitation spectrum were experimentally investigated in antiferromagnetic CsMnCl3. An unusually strong splitting of the excited electronic state has been observed which is due to exciton self-trapping and manifests itself in the luminescence of the crystals.
Antiferromagnetic domain boundary as a line for nucleation of a weakly ferromagnetic phase from the antiferromagnetic one in dysprosium orthoferrite
Authors: Gnatchenko S. L , Eremenko V. V. , Kharchenko N. F.
Published: December 2024

We have studied the nucleation of a weakly ferromagnetic phase from an antiferromagnetic domain boundary near the Γ14 → Γ14 first order phase transition in dysprosium orthoferrite in a magnetic field H parallel to the c axis of the crystal. We calculate the variation of the orientation of the antiferromagnetism vector 1 in the domain wall for various values of the magnetic field strength and the field dependence of the energy density σ and of the thickness δ of the antiferromagnetic domain boundaries. It is shown that as H increases the central portion of the domain boundary widens and becomes a domain of a weakly ferromagnetic phase at the transition field. The formation of weakly ferromagnetic domains from antiferromagnetic domain boundaries has been visually observed in a field H ‖ c in DyFeO3 plates cut perpendicular to the c axis. From the period of the domain structure of the magnetic intermediate state we obtain the value of the energy density in the domain wall between domains in the antiferromagnetic and weakly ferromagnetic phases. The values obtained for a are in good agreement with calculated ones.
Study of jump-like deformation of aluminum by the electrical resistance method in the region of the N-S transition
Authors: Kuz’menko I. N.
Published: December 2024

Temperature effects and the distribution of plastic deformation under jump-like deformation have been studied by measuring the electrical resistance.
Observation of odd magnetothermopower in rhenium and its behavior under magnetic breakdown conditions
Authors: Cherepanov A. N. , Startsev V. E. , Volkenshtein N. V.
Published: December 2024

The magnetothermopower, the Hall effect, the transverse-even voltage, and the Nernst effect were measured in single crystals of rhenium with resistivity ratio ρ273.2/ρ4.2 = 30,000 at 4.2 °K and at magnetic fields of up to 90 kOe. It has been shown for the first time that the magnetothermopower is composed of the sum of two contributions, even and odd with respect to the magnetic field. The odd term has been connected with the effect of the transverse-even voltage. When open orbits occur as a result of magnetic breakdown, the size of the odd term grows by an order of magnitude.
Transitions between localized electronic states in a nonpolar medium due to a magnetic field
Authors: Vol E. D. , Kukushkin L. S.
Published: December 2024

The possible transitions under the action of an external magnetic field between different types of self-localized states of electrons in a classical homopolar medium are investigated. The realization of these processes can be expected in inert gas crystals or in dense gaseous helium with electrons injected into them. The transitions should be accompanied by such effects as the emission of ultrasound, a sharp change in the mobility, etc.
Multivariate quantile inactivity time with medical applications
Authors: Kayid Mohamed
Published: December 2024

The concept of α-quantile inactivity time was developed for situations with bivariate or multivariate random lifetimes. In this situation, each element has a specific history related to itself, indicating that the corresponding event occurred earlier. The behavior of the α-quantile inactivity time was specifically studied in relation to the corresponding multivariate hazard rate function. Applying the empirical bivariate distribution function, an estimator for the bivariate α-quantile inactivity time function is introduced. The asymptotic properties of the empirical distribution function and Taylor expansion are used to discuss its asymptotic behavior. Subsequently, the behavior of the proposed estimator was investigated in a simulation study. Finally, the applicability of the proposed concept and its estimator is illustrated by analyzing a dataset in the context of medical sciences.
Use of induced pluripotent stem cells for regenerative medicine and understanding of cell biology
Authors: Recchia Kaiana , Pessôa Laís Vicari de Figueiredo , Pieri Naira Caroline Godoy , Bressan Fabiana Fernandes
Published: December 2024

Stem cells are a highly desirable tool for regenerative medicine due to unique characteristics such as immunomodulation and angiogenesis (multipotent cells) and high self-renewal potential and differentiation capability (pluripotent cells), thus being classified according to their stage of dedifferentiation and epigenetic profile. Apart from being used for in vitro disease modeling or even in vivo therapies, pluripotent stem cells are a valuable tool for animal production and breeding improvement. In particular, due to the lack of robustness and ethical concerns regarding embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) emerge as a new ‘game changer’ in veterinary and translational medicine. Herein, we present and discuss recent potential uses of stem cells in medicine and understanding cell biology, focusing on generating and using iPSCs from diverse species aiming for genetic conservation or dissemination using in vitro gametogenesis, cellular therapies, and cellular agriculture.