bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hormonal and metabolic characteristic of androgen deficiency and its correction by testosterone in men with type 1 diabetes mellitusundergoing programmed hemodialysis
Authors: Lepetukhin Alexander Evgen'evich , Goncharov Nikolay Petrovich , Mordik Anatoliy Ivanovich , Biskaeva Natalya Yur'evna
Published: November 2013

Aim. To study the prevalence of androgen deficiency in men with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) undergoing programmed hemodialysis (PHD) andto develop methods for the treatment of metabolic disorders. Materials and methods. The study included 43 men with DM1 on PHD. Group 1 comprised 20 patients below 40 years of age, group 2 included23 older patients. Patients of group 1 were allocated to subgroup A (treated with testosterone and ether mixture (TEM)); and control subgroup B(n=14 and 6 respectively). Patients of group 2 were divided into subgroup C (treated with TEM) and control subgroup D (n=14 and 9 respectively).Patients in the study and control subgroups were matched for age, duration of DM1, hemodialysis (years), total testosterone (TT, nmol/l), hemoglobin(Hb, g/l) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c, %) levels. All the patients were treated with epoetin-beta (EPO-b) on an individual basis depending onHb level; TEM was given thrice weekly. Results. Group 1: age 34.0?3.9 yr, HbA1c 9.3?1.4%, Hb 118.1?9.6 g/l, TT 21.2?6.6 nmol/l. Group 1: age 47.3?3.5 yr, HbA1c 9.5?1.8%,Hb 94.9?5.7 g/l, TT 9.8?3.9 nmol/l. Androgen deficiency was diagnosed in 48.8% (total group), 5.0% (group 1) and 86.9% (group 2) of the patients.Reduction of TT level was not accompanied by a significant rise in LH concentration to above normal values (p>0.05). HbA1c level in eithergroup did not significantly change within 6 months after the onset of the study. Combined treatment with EPO-b and TEM resulted in a Hb concentrationof 118.2?6.7 g/l in subgroup A (p=0.79). Hb level in subgroup C increased to 113.5?6.3 g/l (p=0.009). Hb changes in control groups wereinsignificant. Requirement for EPO-b in subgroups A and C decreased by 32.1% (p=0.007) and 41.1% (p=0.001) respectively but remained unalteredin both control subgroups. Conclusion. Reduction of the TT level in men with DM1 on PHD is a function of age and constitutes an independent risk factor of anemia. Androgendeficiency and its correction have no effect on carbohydrate metabolism. Combined treatment with EPO-b and TEM increases blood Hb level in oldermen and reduces requirement for EPO-b regardless of the age.
Effects of fenofibrate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by diabetic neuropathy
Authors: Tkacheva Olga Nikolaevna , Novikova Irina Mikhailovna , Sharashkina Natalya Viktorovna , Torshkhoeva Khyadi Magometovna , Runikhina Nadezhda Konstantinovna
Published: November 2013

Diabetic neuropathy is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) that considerably worsens the patients quality of life and reduces life expectancy.The FIELD study for the first time demonstrated the ability of fenofibrate to prevent macro- and microvacular complications in patientswith DM2 regardless of glycated hemoglobin level and dyslipidemia at the early stage of the disease. Neuropathy being a manifestation of microangiopathy,it suggests the possibility to treat this disorder with fenofibrate.Aim. To study effects of fenofibrate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by diabetic neuropathy. Materials and methods. The present study included 73 patients with DM2 randomized into 2 groups to receive standard therapy (antihypertensiveand glucose control, statins) or fenofibrate (Tricor 145 mg, Solvay Pharma) in addition to the standard treatment. Results. Positive effect of fenofibrate on autonomous and peripheral neuropathy was apparent within 6 months after the onset of therapy when thesought parameters of AP, glycemia, and lipid spectrum were achieved. Fenofibrate improved cardiovascular function, reduced cardiac rhythm variability;QT length and dispersion, pain and paresthesia thereby enhancing quality of life and preventing cardiovascular catastrophes including death. Conclusion. It is concluded that supplementation of standard therapy of DM with fenofibrate is both safe and pathogenetically sound.
Optimization of therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus with the oral hypoglycemic agent glimepiride
Authors: Romantsova Tatiana Ivanovna , Maksimova Nadezhda Viktorovna
Published: November 2013

Type 2 diabetes is believed to develop as a result of lowered insulin secretion and insulin resistance leading to hyperglycemia. Sulfonylureas stimulateinsulin secretion and thereby decrease blood glucose level which accounts for their wide application in the treatment of diabetes. However, manyagents of this class produce side effects (increased body mass, hypoglycemia, resistance to therapy, etc.) attributable to excess stimulation of insulinsecretion. Glimepiride is as efficient as traditionally used sulfonylureas but causes a smaller rise in insulin secretion. Sulfonylurea receptors showlower affinity for glimepiride than for glibenclamide. Formation and dissociation of glimepiride-receptor complexes occur faster than those of glibenclamide-receptor complexes. In addition, therapeutic effect of glimepiride was shown to be associated with improved insulin sensitivity. It is concludedthat glimepiride is an efficacious agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Psychological aspects of glycemic control in young patients with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Motovilin Oleg Gennad'evich , Shishkova Yulia Andreevna , Divisenko Sergey Ivanovich , Andrianova Ekaterina Andreevna , Surkova Elena Viktorovna , Dedov Ivan Ivanovich
Published: November 2013

Aim. To elucidate the relationship between glycemic control (assessed by the level of HbA1c) and psychological status of the patients. Materials and methods. The study included 115 patients with type 1 diabetes aged 13-27 years. The following tests were used to assess the psychological statusof the patients status (emotional state, social relations, attitude toward disease): State-trait-anxiety Inventory (Spielberger C.D., Hanin Y.L), Center for EpidemiologicStudies Depression Scale (CES-D), Social ajustment scale by A.K. Osnizkiy based on Q-Sort Adjustment Scale developed by R. Dymond andC.R. Rogers (1954), Lusher colour test , Colour attitudes test, A.M. Etkind original technique, method for the assessment of attitude toward disease developedin V.M. Bekhterev Research Psychoneurologic Institute, Sankt-Peterburg. The patients were allocated to 3 groups differing in terms of 33.3% percentile ofHbA1c levels. Results. Patients with good glycemic control (mean HbA1c level 7.4%) show the lowest level of social adaptation and emotional well-being. The reason for thisphenomenon is the excessive focus of patient on the disease and narrow scope of interests, which suggest psychological dependence on diabetes. Patients withpoor glycemic control (mean HbA1c level 13.1%) also experience emotional discomfort due to increased anxiety. Despite the fact they exhibit a higher degreeof social adaptation than the patients of the above group, the main concern is the low level of communicative autonomy and the feeling of being unable to copewith the disease. Such personal characteristics also create a psychological dependence on diabetes, although of a different type than in the first group of patients.Patients with average glycemic control (mean HbA1c level 9.5%) in the sample have the most favorable psychological state in comparison with the other twogroups. Their emotional state and social adaptation are significantly better than in the other two groups. These patients tend to psychological autonomy and independenceand maintain multifaceted life motivation in terms of diabetes. They perceive the disease as a given, some life condition that allows to maintaina positive psychological state, high daily activity, not to feel overwhelmed with diabetes and at the same time pay attention to diabetes self-management evennot quite sufficient.Conclusions. Glycemic control and psychological status in young adults does not coincide with each other, although there is a close relationship among them.Attitude toward the disease is the most important mediator of this relationship. Professional psychological help and educational interventions designed to developskills of the practical management of diabetes may contribute to improvement of metabolic control, psychological well-being and social adjustment of patients.
Diabetic retinopathy. Results of international multicentre studies
Authors: Smirnova Olga Mikhailovna
Published: November 2013

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a main cause of blindness throughout the world, with chronic hyperglycemia and arterial hypertension being the keycontributors to the development of this microvascular complication. A few international multicentre studies have recently been conducted to assesseffect of intensive control of glycemia and AH on the development and progress of DR in type 1 and 2 DM patients. Results of DCCT, UKPDS,DIRECT, ADVANCE, and AdREM studies are reviewed.
Therapy with biphasic insulin aspart 30/70 (NovoMix 30) improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: resultsfrom a Russian cohort of IMPROVE observational program designed to study safety and efficiency of biphasic insulin aspart 30 inroutine clinical practice
Authors: Shestakova Marina Vladimirovna , Ballan Akil
Published: November 2013

Aim. To assess efficiency and safety of therapy at the onset and after intensification of the treatment with biphasic insulin aspart 30/70 (NovoMix 30)in patients with type 2 diabetes who failed to reach the desired level of glycemic control by using other forms of insulin. Materials and methods. The study included the Russian cohort of patients participating in the global IMPROVE program - a multi-center and multinationalopen observational non-randomized study for the evaluation of safety and efficiency of biphasic insulin aspart 30. Patients with type 2 diabetesmellitus were treated during 26 weeks under conditions of routine clinical practice. A total of 4869 patients enrolled in the program receivedantidiabetic treatment in the period preceding the study. 2430 of them were given oral hypoglycemic (OHG) agents alone and 2343 insulin +/- GHG.95 patients were preciously untreated. The dosage regime was prescribed by the attending physician on an individual basis. Most patients were poorlycompensated prior to the onset of the study. Their mean HbA1c level of 9.2% amounted to 9.9% in the untreated patients. Results of the treatment were analysed by the standard statistical methods for the entire cohort and for separate groups formed depending on previous therapeutic modality. Results. Six months after beginning of treatment with NovoMix 30, the HbA1c level significantly decreased by 2.34% in the entire cohort, 2.50% inthe previously untreated patients, and 2.13% in the two treated groups (p
Pharmacoeconomic simulation of delayed results of the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with modern insulin analogsin comparison with oral hypoglycemic agents
Authors: Dedov Ivan Ivanovich , Shestakova Marina Vladimirovna , Suntsov Yury Ivanovich , Yagudina Roza Imailovna , Krysanov Ivan Sergeevich , Kulikov Andrey Yur'evich , Arinina Evgenia Evgen'evna
Published: November 2013

Aim. To carry out cost-effectiveness analysis of treatment options for type 2 diabetes using different groups of medicines, to prognosticate late diabeticcomplications and the cost of their management. Materials and methods. A total of 3678 DM2 patients (with mean HbAc1 level 9.3%) were examined in 23 regionsin the framework of the Diabetesmellitus subprogram of the Federal target program "Prevention and control of socially significant diseases". Two hypothetical therapeutic modalitieswere considered: treatment with NovoMix 30 and oral hypoglycemic (OHG) agents. The CORE model was used to analyse anticipated expendituresand DM outcomes. Results. Simulation revealed a greater decrease of HbA1c levels (-1.7%), reduction of total cholesterol, LDL, systolic AP (-4.1%) and risk of cardiovasculardiseases coupled to increase of HDL in patients treated with NovoMix 30. Maximum life expectancy was 17.2 yr compared with 16.5 yrin the OHG group and overall cost of the treatment 1,650,725 and 1,586,234 rubles respectively. Savings for the treatment of diabetes using NovoMix30 amounted to 19,832 rubles per patients due to reduced indirect expenditures including management of renal, cardiac, ophthalmologic , and cerebrovascularcomplications. Conclusion. Simulation of late results of DM2 treatment demonstrated enhanced pharmacoeconomic efficiency of modern insulin analogs comparedwith OHG agents.
Results of early panretinal laser coagulation in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Atarshchikov Dmitriy Sergeevich , Evgrafov Vladimir Yur'evich , Batmanov Yury Evgen'evich
Published: November 2013

Aim. To evaluate results of panretinal laser coagulation (PLC) for severe non-proliferative and early proliferetaive diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patientswith type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). Materials and methods. 58 patients with DM1 were observed. All of them were treated by panretinal laser coagulation after subtenon administrationof triamcinolone (40 mg) under ultrasonic control. Results. PLC at the stage of severe non-proliferative DR stabilized its development in 35% of the patients and caused its reverse development withresolution of oedema and intraretinal hemorrhage, normalization of vein diameter, and improvement of visual acuity in 30%. In 35% of these casesPLC caused neovascularization within 1.6?0.9 years after treatment. Reverse development of DR after PLC was documented in 46.3% cases withearly proliferative DR but stabilization of DR occurred rarer than in the previous group (14.6%) and hemorrhage into the vitreous body more frequently(12 cases in 41 and 2 in 40 respectively, p = 0.0007). Patients with severe non-proliferative DR tended to have reduced requirement for vitrectomyafter PLC compared with those having early proliferative DR (1 case of 40 and 6 of 41, p = 0.052).Conclusion: The above results suggest the necessity of early PLC in DM1 patients.
Dynamics of main epidemiological characteristics of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children of the Russian Federation
Authors: Shiryaeva Tatiana Yur'evna , Andrianova Ekaterina Andreevna , Suntsov Yury Ivanovich
Published: November 2013

Aim. To assess main epidemiological characteristics (prevalence, morbidity, mortality) of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) in children of the RussianFederation and its federal okrugs (districts) in 2001-2008. Materials and methods. The research was based on questionnaries designed in the Pediatric Endocrinology Institute of Endocrinology Research Center. Results. There were18,028 children aged 0-14 years with DM1 as per 01.01.2009. As many as 2,789 new caseswere diagnosed in 2008. The meanprevalence as per 01.01.2009 was estimated at 72.28 (24.88-90.63), morbidity 11.25 (3.39-14.06), mortality 0.07 (0-0.26) per 100,000 childrenspopulation.The absolute increment in morbidity from 2001 to 2008 was 1.69, growth rate 117.7%, accession rate 17.7%, mean annual rate for the8-year study period 2.2%. Morbidity is predicted to reach 13.2 per 100,000 in the next 5 years (2013). The highest morbidity recorded in the Uralokrug (14.73/100,000) exceeded that in the North-West okrug (13.63/100,000 as per 01.01.2009) where it was maximum in the preceding years.Morbidity in the Privollzhsky, Far East and Siberian okrugs remained unaltered (11.06, 7.3, 10.6 respectively), decreased in the Southern okrug(8.0) and increased in the Central okrug from 13.3 in 2007 to 14.3/100,000 in 2008. The overall prevalence of DM1 among children in Russia increasedfrom 54.6 to 72.28 per 100,000. Conclusion. The main tendentious in DM1 epidemiology in children in RF are comparable with those worldwide.
Psychoneurologic characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic polyneuropathy
Authors: Belyakova Natalya Alexandrovna , Mikhaylova Daria Gennad'evna , Tsvetkova Inna Gennad'evna , Gorbacheva Svetlana Alekseevna , Startsev Alexander L'vovich , Larina Anna Alexandrovna
Published: November 2013

Aim. To study psychologic and neurologic characteristics and their interrelationship in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Materials and methods. The study included 167 women aged 54.2?0.4 years with DM2 9.9?0.51 years in duration. Severity of DM was estimatedfrom the presence of late complications and labile clinical course of the disease. Diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy was diagnosed basedon clinical symptoms, NSS and NDS scales. The psychological status was studied by the Spielberger-Khanin method with the assessment of reactive(situational (PX-1) and personal (PX-2) anxiety. Results. Most CD2 patients presented with moderate (NDS) and severe (NSS) polyneuropathy. It became aggravated as DM duration increased,with subjective symptomatics prevailing over objective one. The psychologic status of the patients was characterized by moderate depression andfrequent anxiety episodes in which personal anxiety prevailed over situational one. The latter was associated with macroangiopathy and thelatter with severe polyneuropathy. Depression most frequently occurred in patients with CHD, obesity, and decompensated carbohydrate metabolism. Conclusion. The above peculiarities of psychologic and neurologic status of DM2 patients should be taken into account when planning their outandinpatient treatment and education.
Anemia in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kufelkina Tatiana Yur'evna , Valeeva Farida Vadutovna
Published: November 2013

Aim. To study the prevalence and structure of anemia syndrome in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) in Tatarstan. Materials and methods. Population-based screening studies for decreased blood Hb level were carried out in the cities of Kazan, Nabereznye Chelny,Chistopol and in the Arsk district. A total of 567 DM1 patients were involved; medical histories of 846 patients (54% of those registered in Kazan)were analysed. All patients were examined to elucidate the causes behind the reduced Hb level.Results and conclusions. Two screening techniques revealed anemia in 27 and 34% of the patients compared with 20% in the general population. Itsfrequency was estimated at 13% in the Arsk district. Anemia occurred more frequently in women than in men. The blood Hb level was directly relatedto GFR and inversely related to the presence of chronic renal disease and DM1 duration. Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) and iron deficiency anemia(IDA) prevailed in the structure of anemia syndrome in DM1 patients. These conditions accounted for 85.5% of all cases of anemia). IDA predominatedin patients without clinical manifestations of DN and in those with DN and preserved renal function while ACD associated with DN and impairedrenal function. Almost every third case of anemia was a combination of ACD and IDA. Folic acid deficiency was unrelated to the renal function
Combined or isolated transplantation of pancreas and kidney at the terminal stage of diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Kvaratskheliya Malkhaz Viktorovich
Published: November 2013

This review of current foreign literature is focused on the analysis of different variants of pancreas and kidney transplantation in patients with terminalrenal insufficiency resulting from diabetic nephropathy. Most authors consider combined pancreas and kidney transplantation to be the method ofchoice for patients with this pathology. Given the adequately functioning pancreas implant, this operation ensures excellent engaftment of the kidneyimplant and survival of the recipient. An alternative method is isolated transplantation of a kidney from a live donor with subsequent transplantationof the pancreas. Isolated transplantation of a cadaveric kidney results in transplant and recipient.
Excretion of amine nitrogen and ammonia in urine of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Alimetova Zulfiya Raisovna , Valeeva Farida Vadutovna
Published: November 2013

Aim. To study excretion of amine nitrogen and ammonia in urine of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus depending on gestational ageand albuminuria level. Materials and methods. A total of 60 pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus were examined. Proximal and distal tubular function was estimatedfrom daily excretion of amine nitrogen and ammonia respectively. Results. Daily excretion of amine nitrogen and ammonia in urine of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus was lower than in healthycontrols in the 2nd trimester regardless of albuminuria and in the 3rd trimester in patients with microalbuminuria (MAU) and proteinuria (PU).Ammonia excretion was twice lower than normal in the 2nd trimester in women with MAU and PU, and in the 3rd trimester in patients with PU.Healthy pregnant women showed significant correlation between ammonia and amine nitrogen excretion throughout pregnancy (r?0.833,p
Age and sex-related variations in the time of manifestation of type 1 diabetes mellitus and its chronic complications in children
Authors: Dianov Oleg Avgustovich , Kovalenko Evgeny Alexandrovich , Nezherenko Natalya Nikolaevna , Zhmurkin Vadim Valer'evich
Published: November 2013

Aim. To elucidate age and sex-related differences in the time of manifestation of type 1 diabetes mellitus and its chronic complications in childrenfrom the analysis of developmental patterns and age of the patients for the substantiation of improved methods of their early diagnostics. Materials and methods. Analysis of the results of comprehensive clinical and instrumental examination of 246 children with DM1 representative ofthe population of diabetic children in the Tver region (as per 01.01.2009). Results. Critical periods of DM1 manifestations are identified. The physical development of the childrenis shown to be a function of the duration ofDM1 and the number of its chronic complications while the time of their manifestations depends on the age and sex of the patients. Conclusion. The time of DM1 manifestations depends on the age and sex of the patients. and the quality of diabetes compensation which dictates thenecessity to optimize screening forthese complications in children.
Selected aspects of insulin pump therapy and continuous glucose monitoring in real time (in relation to the letter of E.D.Gorbachev)
Authors: Filippov Yury Ivanovich , Pekareva Elena Vladimirovna , Mayorov Alexander Yur'evich
Published: November 2013

This article is the answer to the letter sent by Gorbachev to the editor. It deals with problems and difficulties encountered by diabetic patients using insulin pumpsand systems for continuous glucose monitoring in real time are considered. Most of them are of purely technical character and may be reduced to a minimum bycompliance with medical advice. Nevertheless, it needs to be emphasized that insulin pump therapy implies a scope of immediate knowledge and imposes requirementson the users health self-care behaviour. Those patients who forget about diabetes relying on the effect of insulin pump therapy alone are unlikely to benefit fromit. This therapy provides a high-technology tool for the treatment of diabetes that may help the majority of patients to achieve almost ideal compensation of carbohydratemetabolism, but it requires specialized education. Many patients have very poor knowledge of insulin pump therapy and continuous glucose monitoring in real time.
Associations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene and cytokine (IL-1B, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNFA) genes combinations with type 2 diabetes mellitus in women
Authors: Konenkov Vladimir Iosifovich , Shevchenko Alla Vladimirovna , Prokof'ev Victor Fedorovich , Klimontov Vadim Valer'evich , Korolev Maksim Alexandrovich , Fazullina Olga Nikolaevna , Lapsina Svetlana Alexandrovna , Koroleva Elena Anatol'evna
Published: November 2013

Aim. To study the association between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cytokine (IL1B, IL4, IL6, IL10 and TNFA)gene polymorphism combinations with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in women. Materials and methods. 374 Caucasian women without carbohydrate metabolism disorders from 23 to 68 years of age and 212 womenwith T2DM from 28 to 69 years of age were included in the study. The combinations of polymorphism А-2578С, С+936Т in VEGFgene with polymorphism in IL1B С-31Т, IL4 С-590Т, IL6 G-174C, IL10 A-592C and А-1082G, TNFA А-238G, A-308G and A-863Cwere studied. Results. Analysis revealed 52 combined genetic variations with different rate of occurrence between diabetic and control groups(р
Functional activity and peripheral insulin resistance in patients with different types of onset of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Nikonova Tatiana Vasil'evna , Pekareva Elena Vladimirovna , Dedov Ivan Ivanovich
Published: November 2013

Aim. To evaluate changes in functional activity and insulin resistance (IR) in patients with different types of onset of diabetes mellitus(DM). Materials and methods. We examined 166 subjects which were subdivided into 4 study groups and 1 control group. Assessment of totalbeta-cell functional activity and degree of IR (according to HOMA-model) was conducted in patients with different variants of DM onsetand in the group of high risk for type 1 DM. Results. The most significant decrease in beta-cell functional activity was found in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (HOMA-F 8.9%).Onset of LADA (Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was also characterized by decreasein beta-cell functional activity (HOMA-F 39.2% and 63.9%, respectively), as well as by development of IR: HOMA-IR 3.7 and 7.2,respectively. Conclusion. Clinical onset of LADA and T2DM occurs against the background of decreased beta-cell functional activity and compromisedperipheral insulin sensitivity.
Antidepressant therapy in complex treatment of painful diabetic polyneuropathy
Authors: Turbina Lidia Grigor'evna , Gordeev Sergey Alexandrovich , Zus'man Anna Aronovna
Published: November 2013

Aims. Comparative efficiency and safety analysis of antidepressant agents from different pharmacological classes (pipofezine and venlafaxine)in combination with carbamazepine for treatment of neuropathic pain (NP) in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy (DP). Materials and methods. We examined 21 male and 27 female patients with painful DP (mean age 54.3?14.2 years; mean duration ofdiabetes mellitus (DM) 8.9?5.1 years; mean duration of DP - 3.8?2.1 years). DP was diagnosed clinically and by electromyographymethod. Pain syndrome was assessed with DN4 questionnaire, visual analogue scale (VAS) and McGill Pain Questionnaire. Psycho-vegetative status was evaluated by Spielberger test with reactive and personal anxiety (RA and PA) assessment and Beck depressioninventory. All patients received symptomatic pharmacotherapy with anticonvulsant and antidepressant agent. First group (DP-1)included 23 patients on carbamazepin and pipofezine. Second group (DP-2) included 25 patients on carbamazepin and venlafaxine. Results. Following treatment, pain syndrome was completely compensated in 8.7% of patients from DP-1 group and 12.5% from DP-2.Decrease in pain intensity?50% from initial level was achieved in 73.9% (DP-1) and 75% (DP-2) of cases. Mean pain intensityaccording to VAS reduced from 5.2?2.1 points to 2.3?1.4 points (DP-1) and from 5.8?2.3 points (DP-2) with equal statistical significance(p
Dose adjustment in insulin pump therapy: optimization of bolus calculator settings
Authors: Filippov Yury Ivanovich , Ibragimova Lyudmila Ibragimovna , Pekareva Elena Vladimirovna
Published: November 2013

Precise dosing of insulin at meals and for correction of glycemia is crucial for sustention of optimal blood glucose concentration. Moderninsulin delivery systems (such as insulin pumps) not only provide high dosing precision, but are also capable of calculating necessarydose by means of built-in software - so called bolus calculators. However, patient-oriented approach to calculator settings, as wellas their timely correction is imperative for attainment of desired precision. Though similar in their principle, various calculatorsalso feature essential peculiarities that have to be considered for optimal adjustment. The review addresses current evidence for boluscalculator efficiency, comparative analysis of these applications and description of their key distinctions.
Metabolic and cardiovascular effects of early insulin glargin prescription: based on data from ORIGIN study
Authors: Biryukova Elena Valer'evna , Ametov Alexander Sergeevich , Antsiferov Mikhail Borisovich , Zalevskaya Alsu Gafurovna , Mel'nichenko Galina Afanas'evna , Mkrtumyan Ashot Musaelovich , Shestakova Marina Vladimirovna
Published: November 2013

We discuss results of ORIGIN, a multicenter parallel groups study for efficiency assessment of insulin glargin against polyunsaturatedomega-3 fatty acids or placebo regarding cardiovascular and/or mortality risk reduction in patients with impaired fasting glycemia,impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on its early stage and high risk for cardiovascular events. 12 537 patientstook part in this study; 6 264 were randomized in insulin glargin group, where dosage was adjusted for complete compensationof fasting glycemia (5.3 mmol/l was set as a therapeutic goal). After treatment with glargin therapeutic goal was achieved and furthermaintained for 6.2 years of follow-up. Compensation of fasting glycemia did not affect the outcome of cardiovascular diseases in patientswith early stages of dysglycemia according to primary endpoints. It was not associated with increase in general morbidity and inrisk of hypoglycemic events. Treatment with insulin glargin delayed progression from prediabetes to clinical onset for 28% (OR 0.72,CI 95% 0.58-0.91; p = 0,006), while lowering incidence of DM. Longtime treatment with insulin glargin does not increase incidenceof malignant tumors of different localization, including patients with prediabetes. Due to results of ORIGIN, insulin glargin (Lantus?)has become the most studied human insulin analogue to date.
Overcoming marked insulin resistance in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus by means of insulin pumptherapy
Authors: Artemova Ekaterina Viktorovna , Kononenko Irina Vladimirovna , Smirnova Olga Mikhailovna , Mayorov Alexander Yur'evich
Published: November 2013

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often feature resistance to endogenous and exogenous insulin which is a serious problemto overcome. Current paper presents clinical case of T2DM characterized by marked insulin resistance, where high dosage regimenfailed to compensate carbohydrate metabolism. Regarding the case in question we discuss chronic insulin overdosage as one of the possiblefactors to interfere with compensation of diabetes, as well as capacity of insulin pump therapy to resolve such complicated clinicalsituation.
Immunogenetic characteristics of LADA
Authors: Nikonova Tatiana Vasil'evna , Apanovich Pavel Vasil'evich , Pekareva Elena Vladimirovna , Gorelysheva Vera Anatol'evna , Stepanova Svetlana Mikhailovna , Tishina Yulia Vladimirovna , Prokof'ev Sergey Alexandrovich , Karpukhin Alexander Vasil'evich
Published: November 2013

Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA) is a variant of autoimmune diabetes mellitus. Its clinical feature not typical for classical DM1 despitethe presence of positive autoantibodies is characterized by the low rate of autoimmune destruction that accounts for the late development of insulindependence. Similar to classical DM1, LADA is associated with the loss of immune tolerance to autoantibodies. However, the quantitative andfunctional activity of Treg as key regulators of the immune response and main agents of immune tolerance remain as poorly known as their relationshipwith characteristics of apoptosis.Aim. To elucidate qualitative and functional changes at the level of immunity regulation in patients with LADA of different duration and theirrelationships with characteristics of apoptosis, immunological and genetic markers. Materials and methods. The study included 64 patients (45 men and 19 women) with LADA and 56 control subjects. The methods included HLAgenotyping, detection of autoantibodies against GAD, insulin, tyrosine phosphatase, islet cell antigens, composition of CD3+, CD4+, CD38+, HLADR+, CD25+, CD+25+, CD95, CD95L lymphocyte subpopulations, FoxP3 and C-peptide expression, HbA1c levels. Results. FoxP3 expression at the onset of LADA was similar to that in control subjects while the relative amount of CD425+high T-lymphocytes increased.In contrast to DM1, FoxP3 expression began to decrease 6-12 months after the onset of LADA when the amount of CD425+high T-lymphocytes loweredto become normal with the progress of the disease. Within 1-5 years after the onset of LADA, FoxP3 expression became normal again but significantlyincreased when its duration exceeded 5 years. Expression of apoptosis markers (CD95 and CD95L) on lymphocytes and of their soluble forms in allLADA patients was comparable with control. Conclusion. We for the first time determined intensity of FoxP3 expression and the amount of CD425+high T-lymphocytes in patients with differentduration of LADA. FoxP3 expression varies periodically while functional deficit of Treg is delayed and appears to be compensated by a rise in theirnumber. Increased population of Treg within 6 months after the onset of LADA may reflect their regulatory role (suppression of autoimmunity)accounting for the gradual development of the disease.
Sound absorption of a micro-perforated plate backed by a porous material under high sound excitation: measurement and prediction
Authors: Tayong Rostand Boumda , Dupont Thomas , Leclaire Philippe
Published: November 2013

The sound absorption coefficient of perforated facings backed by porous materials is studied under high sound intensities in the absence of mean flow. The theoretical considerations are based on the equivalent fluid following the Johnson-Champoux-Allard approach and the use of the transfer matrix method. To take into account the high sound levels effects, the air flow resistivity of each layer is modified following the Forchheimer law. Two specimens of perforated plate are built and tested when backed by a polymeric foam and a fibrous material. A specific impedance tube setup is developed for the measurement of the surface acoustic impedance for sound pressure levels ranging from 90 dB to 150 dB at the surface of the perforated facing. To corroborate the validity of the presented method, two considerations are particularly depicted in the experimental results: first, the case where the perforated facing and the porous material are both directly backed by a rigid wall and the case where there is an air cavity between the porous material and the rigid wall. Good agreement is observed between the simulation and the experimental results.
„… das sieht ja aus wie in einer richtigen Universitätsbibliothek!“
Authors: Riethmüller Marianne
Published: November 2013

Nach nur zweieinhalbjähriger Bauzeit wurde der Campusstandort der Hochschul- und Landesbibliothek Fulda am 16. September 2013 in Betrieb genommen. Damit endet eine 10jährige Sanierungs- und Bautätigkeit an den beiden Standorten der Bibliothek in Fulda.
Gut ist nicht gut genug
Authors: Scheuble Robert
Published: November 2013

Zur Optimierung der Organisationsstruktur sowie zur Steigerung der Angebots- und Dienstleistungsqualität implementierte die Bibliothek der Pädagogischen Hochschule Freiburg als Mittel der Wahl ein QM-System nach DIN EN ISO 9001:2008 und ließ dieses 2013 erfolgreich durch die TÜV SÜD Management GmbH zertifizieren. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird einleitend der verwendete Qualitätsbegriff bestimmt und ein Überblick zum Einsatz von QM-Systemen in deutschen Bibliotheken gegeben. Der als Werkstattbericht konzipierte Hauptteil spannt den Bogen von den vorbereitenden Maßnahmen über den praktischen Aufbau bis hin zur Durchführung des Zertifizierungsaudits. Abschließend wird für die Bibliothek hinsichtlich Aufwand und Nutzen eine positive Bilanz gezogen.
Hyperkähler manifolds of Jacobian type
Authors: Shen Mingmin
Published: November 2013

In this paper we define the notion of a hyperkähler manifold
(potentially) of Jacobian type. If we view hyperkähler manifolds
as “abelian varieties”, then those of Jacobian type should be
viewed as “Jacobian varieties”. Under a minor assumption on the
polarization, we show that a very general polarized hyperkähler
fourfold F of

K

3

[
2
]

${K3^{[2]}}$

-type is not of Jacobian type. As a
potential application, we conjecture that if a cubic fourfold is
rational then its variety of lines is of Jacobian type. Under some
technical assumption, it is proved that the variety of lines on a
rational cubic fourfold is potentially of Jacobian type. We also
prove the Hodge conjecture in degree 4 for a generic F of

K

3

[
2
]

${K3^{[2]}}$

-type.
Complex between lignin and a Ti-based coupling agent
Authors: Rasmussen Jonas S. , Barsberg Søren , Felby Claus
Published: November 2013

Durability, haptic, and optical appearance of wood are improved by coatings, which are nowadays prepared using environmentally compatible and less health-damaging materials. However, contemporary wood coatings have frequently a shortened service life compared to their traditional predecessors. New coating formulations would have a better performance if the adhesion to wood could be improved. In the present work, the chemical interaction between a titanium-based coupling agent, isopropyl triisostearoyl titanate (titanium agent, TA) and lignin has been studied by means of attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in combination with first principle predictions based on the density functional theory (DFT). In the infrared spectra, a new band at 1586 cm-1 was identified and the DFT predictions confirmed that the new band is because of the covalent bonds in the form of ether linkages between TA and lignin.
On determining an absorption coefficient and a speed of sound in the
wave equation by the BC method
Authors: Pestov Leonid
Published: November 2013

We consider the inverse multidimensional problem for the wave equation with
unknown variable speed and absorbtion. A linear procedure based on the boundary control
method for determining both coefficients is proposed.
MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Genetics of FSH action: a 2014-and-beyond view
Authors: Simoni Manuela , Casarini Livio
Published: November 2013

Objective

To assess the pharmacogenetic potential of FSH for infertility treatment.

Design

Review of the literature and genomic databases.

Methods

Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assessed: rs6166 (c.2039A>G, p.N680S), rs6165 (c.919A>G, p.T307A), rs1394205 (c.−29G>A) inFSHR, and rs10835638 (c.−211G>T) inFSHB. Literature search via PubMed. Blast analysis of genomic information available in the NCBI nucleotide database. Comparison of allele frequency and haplotype distribution using thehttp://spsmart.cesga.estool.

Results

All these SNPs appear first inHomo, result in reduced FSH action, and are present with variable frequencies and combinations worldwide. Stringent clinical studies demonstrate that theFSHRgenotype influences serum FSH levels and gonadal response in both sexes. Serum FSH levels depend on the −211G>T SNP, influencing transcriptional activity of theFSHBpromoter. Genotypes reducing FSH action are overrepresented in infertile subjects.

Conclusions

Although the clinical relevance of theFSHRpolymorphisms alone is limited, the combination ofFSHRandFSHBgenotypes has a much stronger impact than either one alone in both sexes. About 20% of people are carriers of the alleles associated with lower serum FSH levels/reduced FSHR expression or activity, possibly less favorable for reproduction. Prospective studies need to investigate whether stratification of infertile patients according to theirFSHR–FSHBgenotypes improves clinical efficacy of FSH treatment compared with the current, naïve approach. A relative enrichment of less favorableFSHR–FSHBgenotypes may be related to changes in human reproductive strategies and be a marker of some health-related advantage at the cost of reduced fertility.
Growth-promoting effects of a seaweed concentrate at various pH and water hardness conditions
Authors: Arthur Georgina D. , Aremu Adeyemi O. , Moyo Mack , Stirk Wendy A. , Van Staden Johannes
Published: November 2013

Kelpak® – a liquid seaweed concentrate made from the kelp Ecklonia maxima (Osbeck) Papenfuss – is used as a natural biostimulant to promote rooting and improve yield in crops. Plant–soil environmental conditions and the chemistry of water used for irrigation may affect the efficiency of Kelpak. The effect of pH (pH 4.5, 6.5 and 8.5) and water hardness (200 mg/L and 400 mg/L Ca2+) on the growth-promoting ability of Kelpak was assessed using the mungbean rooting bioassay and in a pot trial with Swiss chard. Kelpak promoted rooting in all the treatments in the mungbean bioassay with maximum rooting generally achieved with 20% Kelpak. With 20% Kelpak, the addition of 200 mg/L and 400 mg/L Ca2+ decreased rooting at pH 4.5, increased rooting at pH 6.5 and did not affect rooting at pH 8.5. A similar trend was observed in the pot trial with Swiss chard: leaf and root (fresh weight) and pigment content (chl a, chl b and carotenoids) improved with the addition of 200 mg/L Ca2+ + 5% Kelpak at pH 6.5 or pH 8.5, while Kelpak was able to partially mask the negative effect of 200 mg/L Ca2+ at pH 4.5. These results suggest that while Kelpak is most effective in neutral pHs, it can be used to promote plant growth in a wide range of pH and water hardness conditions.
Improved decision-making on irrigation farming in arid zones using a system dynamics model
Authors: De Wit Martin , Crookes Douglas J.
Published: November 2013

The Sandveld region in the Western Cape is a low rainfall area dominated by agricultural production using groundwater resources. The rise in agricultural production in the Sandveld has led to questions regarding the region’s ecological sustainability. We developed a system dynamics model for the Sandveld system which captures land-use change, agricultural production, and groundwater abstraction and recharge. Using this model, we find little evidence that pressures on livelihoods result, either currently or in the immediate future, from ecological feedback effects. The model does indicate that the highest risks are associated with the financial viability of agriculture, in its present form, in the region. With lower margins, a drive towards economies of scale in agricultural production is more likely in the future. This process has had severe implications in some sectors already, with a 39% decrease in the number of potato producers in the Sandveld region between 2003 and 2009. These results highlight that an integrated approach to agricultural, economic and environmental management and planning is needed to capture the economic and ecological complexity and dynamics of the Sandveld system.
Restoration of two shallow, urban lakes using the phosphorus inactivation method – preliminary results
Authors: Łopata Michał , Gawrońska Helena , Jaworska Bożena , Wiśniewski Grzegorz
Published: November 2013

This paper presents the initial environmental effects of polyaluminum chloride application on the water quality of two connected, shallow urban lakes in the Mazurian Lakeland, Poland. The water quality of Lake Domowe Duże (62 ha, mean depth 2.4 m) and Lake Domowe Małe (11 ha, mean depth 2.8 m) in Szczytno did not improve after sewage discharge cutoff. Thus, local authorities decided to implement a restoration project involving the 3-year application of aluminum coagulant (26 g Al m−2) and manipulation of fish stocking. In 2010 and 2011, the first two stages of the project were conducted. After restoration measures, phosphorus concentration in water, chemical oxygen demand, chlorophyll ‘a’ and phytoplankton biomass decreased significantly compared to the control years. No long-term decrease of pH was obtained after aluminum application. Low concentrations of dissolved aluminum in a water column (below 0.2 mg L−1 during technical operations) did not show any negative effects on aquatic fauna.
Adsorption of chloro-anilines from solution by modified peanut husk in fixed-bed column
Authors: Zhang Shenglong , Zhang Randi , Xiao Wei , Han Runping
Published: November 2013

Natural peanut husk (NPH) modified with hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) was used as adsorbent to remove 2,5-dimethoxy-4-chloroaniline (DMCH) from solution in a fixed-bed column. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis and X-ray fluorescence of NPH and modified peanut husk (MPH) showed that CTAB had been introduced onto the surface of NPH. The effects of flow rate and bed depth on breakthrough curves were studied. The Thomas model and the Yan model were selected to fit the column adsorption data and the results showed that the Yan model was better at predicting the breakthrough curves. The adsorption quantity was up to 6.46 mg/g according to the Yan model. The bed depth service time model was used to calculate the critical bed depth from experimental data and it was directly related to flow rate. As a low-cost adsorbent, MPH is promising for the removal of DMCH from solution.
Performance characterisation of a constructed Wetland
Authors: Mangangka Isri R. , Egodawatta Prasanna , Parker Nathaniel , Gardner Ted , Goonetilleke Ashantha
Published: November 2013

Performance of a constructed wetland is commonly reported as being variable due to the site specific nature of influential factors. This paper discusses the outcomes from an in-depth study which characterised the treatment performance of a wetland based on the variation in the runoff regime. The study included a comprehensive field monitoring of a well-established constructed wetland in Gold Coast, Australia. Samples collected at the inlet and outlet were tested for Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Nitrogen (TN) and Total Phosphorus (TP). Pollutant concentrations in the outflow were found to be consistent irrespective of the variation in inflow water quality. The analysis revealed two different treatment characteristics for events with different rainfall depths. TSS and TN load reduction was found to be strongly influenced by the hydraulic retention time where performance was relatively superior for rainfall events below the design event. For small events, treatment performance was higher at the beginning of the event and gradually decreased during the course of the event. For large events, the treatment performance was comparatively poor at the beginning and improved during the course of the event. The analysis also confirmed the variable treatment trends for different pollutant types.
Toxicity reduction and biodegradability enhancement of cork processing wastewaters by ozonation
Authors: Gomes A. C. , Silva L. , Simões R. , Canto N. , Albuquerque A.
Published: November 2013

Biodegradability enhancement and detoxification of cork boiling wastewater (CBW) are required for the successful implementation of biological treatment options. We studied the possibility of achieving these goals through ozonation pre-treatment by experimenting on the effect of ozone dose and pH. The CBW used had a pH of 5.81, a chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 1,865 mg L−1, a biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) of 498 mg L−1 and total phenol (TP) and tannin compounds concentrations of 523 and 399 mg L−1, respectively. The ozone doses ranged from 0.27 to 2.63 for the O3(applied)/COD0 ratios with samples at natural pH and set to 3.33 and 9.96. Ozonation allowed the BOD20/COD ratio (biodegradability index) to increase from 0.37 to 0.63 and a toxicity reduction from 3.08 to 1.24 TU (Microtox). The corresponding removals obtained were 15.2–62.0%, 38.4–83.2% and 56.7–92.1% for COD, TP and colour, respectively. The best outcome of ozonation pre-treatment requires O3(applied)/COD0 ratios over 1.5 and an acid pH. The increase of TP removals with ozone dose at acid pH led to biodegradability enhancement and CBW detoxification. However, for similar conditions the highest COD removals were obtained at alkaline pH due to the hydroxyl radicals’ high oxidation ability but lack of selectivity.