bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality Enhancement of Physical Education in Chinese Universities from the Perspective of the Supply-side Structural Reform
Authors: Tang Ying , Wu Rui , Wang Meiling
Published: November 2022

The overall characteristics of higher education in China have been transformed from extensible development to connotative development, which is consistent with the core content of improving quality and effect in the strategy of supply-side structural reform. In response to the current dilemma of the supply-side output of physical education in Chinese universities, it calls for a balance between the demand and supply for higher physical education. In terms of exploring factors that contribute to a high-quality education system from the perspective of supply-side structural reform, the supplier, the content, the mode, and the conditions of the supply side is supposed to be optimized by improving the teaching abilities of the leading suppliers, optimizing the output of the supply content, facilitating a collaborative supply model, and expanding the online supply field. Accordingly, the coordinated and unified development of the supply and demand of physical education for college students can be promoted, to enhance the quality of physical education in Chinese universities.
Depression and anxiety - inseparable companions of a student? - prevalence of mental disorders in the academic environment, factors predisposing to their occurrence, treatment, forms of assistance
Authors: Dubel Robert , Dubel Julia , Ruszel Kinga , Czekaj Aleksandra , Namroży Natalia
Published: November 2022

The studies have a bad reputation for being a demanding and difficult experience for a young person. Studies are a time that presents young adults with many challenges and induces the necessity of numerous sacrifices, as well as provides a huge dose of everyday stress. Taking into account the current pace of life, to which man as a species is not evolutionarily adapted, juxtaposed with everyday extreme stressors, the question arises - what are the consequences and costs of a young man in response to such a lifestyle. What mental health problems can arise from experiencing long-term stress? The aim of this work is to summarize and collect available information on the prevalence, factors predisposing to the occurrence and forms of help and treatment of depression, and to list the most popular mental disorders in the group of students.
Electric scooters a growing public health problem
Authors: Czekaj Aleksandra , Dubel Robert , Ruszel Kinga , Dubel Julia , Namroży Natalia
Published: November 2022

Electric scooters have recently become the most popular means of transport chosen to move around urban agglomerations. It is estimated that by the end of 2024, the number of scooters on the roads around the world will increase by about 600% compared to 2019. Easy access to rental and low purchase price significantly convince many people around the world to use this form of transport. This review article aims to show what a serious health risk a scooter can be. The issue of the most common injuries related to the use of this type of vehicle was also discussed. The growing popularity of electric vehicles brings with it the possibility of recording more and more cases of injuries related to electric scooters. Numerous violations of road rules and riding a scooter under the influence of alcohol, in most cases without protective clothing, significantly contribute to the formation of high-energy injuries in victims.
The Legitimized Use of Figurative Language: A Pragmatic Study of Multiculturalism and Political Intrigues of Shamsie’s “Burnt Shadows”
Authors: Ul Zafar Nida , Safdar Aamna , Abbas Safdar
Published: November 2022

The study explores the legitimized use of the figure of speech in Burnt Shadows. The author uses language as a source of connection between the characters who are different in their eras, countries, and cultural backgrounds. The objective of the study is to explore the effects of language on multiculturalism and the impact of political unrest on the lives of common people during the second world war. She has used lingual devices to enhance the intensity of circumstances as well as for the accurate pasteurization of the sentimental and physical conditions of Hiroko and Sajjad. Specific figurative techniques like metaphor, simile, personification, irony, epigram, and symbolism have been explored in the text of Burnt Shadows. These techniques expose the hidden truths and aggressive nature of political conflict in the lives of the people of Japan, the Subcontinent, and European countries. Pragmatic studies have been applied to the text as a mirror to see the function and nature of wordplay in the novel. The results expose that the author has artistically applied specific devices in the formation of text in order to highlight the role of language in the development of cultural intimacy and maintaining social relationships. The figures of speech are also helpful to map the mind of readers according to the plot construction of the novel.
Effectiveness of Periarticular Cocktail Injection in Pain Management of Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Acharya Priya Ranjan
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Total knee arthroplasty is a procedure that can improve quality of life, and it is performed in increasing numbers every year because of the increase in the elderly population due to improved medical technology. However, the problem is that patients avoid this operation because of postoperative pain, which affects patient satisfaction and delays recovery and rehabilitation. There are many modalities to improve operative pain control, such as femoral nerve blocks, epidural anaesthesia, and periarticular injections. These modalities have been shown to reduce post-operative pain and increase patient satisfaction. Periarticular injection was reported to have good efficacy in controlling pain, cost-effectiveness, a few side effects, and ease of use. This method can be used by every surgeon without further training, unlike techniques like epidural anaesthesia or femoral nerve blocks, which require experience and further training. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedics at SCB Medical College & Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha. All the IPD patients who got admitted to the Dept. of Orthopaedics were taken as the study subject total of 30 cases were selected during study period out of which 15 were cases and 15 controls. Observation and Discussion: In Group A, R/L TKA was done in 3/12 patients and in Group B, R/L TKA was done in 8/7. All the Group A patients experienced less pain than the baseline parameters(p<0.05) following TKA. Post-operative evaluation of Range of motion in between 2 Groups there was significant difference in between the two Groups A and B as it was comparatively more in POD1, POD2, POD3, POD7, DOD AND 3 months after follow up in Cocktail Group A. Knee Society Score in POD3 was found to be 100 and 90 in Group A and Group B respectively. Conclusion: This study has several strengths. First, it is a well powered, randomized study. Second, we included follow-up beyond the initial hospitalization. Third, the injection medications we used are available through any hospital pharmacy and are easily administered during the surgical procedure, so our findings could be generalized for any joint reconstruction surgeon. Keywords: Total knee replacement, Periarticular injection, Pain management
An Analysis of Functional Outcome and Factors Influencing the Outcome in Floating Knee Injuries
Authors: Panigrahi Ram Gopal
Published: November 2022

Background: The objective of the study is to study the Functional outcome and factors influencing the outcome in Floating Knee Injuries. Methods: The study was conducted on patients in department of orthopaedics in S.C.B medical college & hospital from December 2018 to December 2020 who are admitted with Floating Knee Injuries. Detailed history were obtained using study proforma a thorough musculoskeletal examination of both the knees will be done including neuro-vascular status and appropriate radiographs and if necessary CT scan will be done. Collection of Data of the patients were by brief history of injury, systemic and musculoskeletal examination, radiography of thigh with hip and knee and leg with knee and ankle in standard antero-posterior and Lateral View, follow up with radiological and clinical parameters. Clinical follow-up will be done at 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 4 months, 6 months, 12 months intervals regarding union of fractured bone, assessment of range of motion of knee, pain on weight bearing. Results: In our study we found males are affected in 33 out of 34 patients (97%), right lower limb was involved in 28 out of 34 patients (82%),majority of the patients were of young age group between 16-40 years (60%),twenty five out of 34 patients (73%) had type I floating knee injury and 9out of 34 (27%) had type II floating knee injury, in most of the cases (70%) surgery was performed within 1 week of trauma. Knee stiffness was more common in older patients, communited fractures, Poor articular reduction. The communited fractures and poor articular reduction correlated significantly with malunion of fractures. Communited fractures were a statistically significant variable for Shortening. Open fractures, communited fractures and segmental fractures are statistically significant for non-union and delayed union. Conclusion: Floating knee injuries are due to high velocity motor vehicle accident. Men are affected more than women. The right-side injury is more frequent than the left side. 55% of patients in this study had an excellent and good functional outcome and 45% of patients had a fair or poor functional outcome. Local complications like wound infection seen in 17.1% of patients A communited fracture is the most common predictor affecting the functional outcomes like Knee stiffness, shortening, and time to union. The other predictors affecting the functional outcomes are poor articular reduction, open fractures, segmental fractures, older age and. The time to union of tibia is more than that of femur. Revision fixation for tibial fractures was more frequent than femoral fractures. Keywords: Floating knee, Knee injury, Functional outcome
Fracture Management by Traditional Bonesetters: A Tertiary Care Hospital Based Observational Study
Authors: Subudhi Krutibash
Published: November 2022

Background: Fracture of bone is a persistent problem encountered in orthopaedic practice. The management of fracture of bone depends on reduction and immobility at the fracture site. The traditional bone setters formulate their own methods and practices for the management of fracture. This age-old art has not only survived since ages but also flourished with time and moreover to our surprise is challenging modern orthopaedic science in many ways. Aim of study: To find out various outcomes of fracture management by traditional bonesetters and the possible reason for their high patronage. Methods: Present study was conducted on patients with some kind of prior treatment received from TBS. The detailed history was collected about age, sex, socioeconomic condition, education, habit and habitats from each patient. Each case was subjected to detailed clinical and radiological examinations to evaluate the outcomes of the interventions of TBSs. Results: One hundred and fifty patients in the age group of (1–70) years were included in the study out of which 103 (69%) are male and 47 (31%) are females. 33% belong to age group of 30-45 years and 54% are of literate and fair socio-economic status. Malunion is the predominant form of presentation with 69 cases (46%) followed by non-union in 30 (20%) cases. 41 cases (28%) presented with impending ischemia at initial stages of treatment. Only 9 cases (6%) were presented with chronic osteomyelitis and infected non-union. Eventually 7 cases were ended with gangrene and amputation. Cost of surgery was the major cause (43%) followed by fear of surgery (23%) was observed for non-acceptance of modern orthopaedic system. Conclusion: The results in our study vindicate the fact that TBS play a major role in providing health care to the fracture patients. Lack of basic knowledge and aversion to referral system by TBS is responsible for complications. So, creating public awareness and integrating TBS in the healthcare system through proper training and due legislation seems to be the apt solution to combat this menace. Keywords: Traditional Bone Setters, chronic osteomylitis, Malunion and nonunion
Long Term Results of Valgus Intertrochanteric Osteotomy in Old Fracture Neck of Femur – A Prospective Analysis
Authors: Choudhury Suvam , Gupta T S K , Nayak Subhransu S. , Mohanty Tanmoy
Published: November 2022

A prospective study (data collected retrospectively from January 2011 to December 2018) was conducted in the department of orthopaedics in SCB Medical College and Hospital from December 2018 to December 2020 on patients with old fracture neck of femur. A total of 42 cases were included for the study who had undergone this surgery before December 2019. Valgus Intertrochanteric Osteotomies included McMurray’s Osteotomy, Modified Pauwel’s Osteotomy and Transfracture Abduction Osteotomy. Thirty six patients were followed up only as Six patients could not be contacted. Valgus Intertrochanteric Osteotomy of proximal femur was found to be the mainstay of the treatment in young patients. Initially Mc Murrays Osteotomy was preferred but in recent times modified Pauwel’s Intertrochanteric Valgus Osteotomy and Trans Fracture Abduction Osteotomy was considered as an augmentation to the healing of a fracture neck of femur which presented late. Keywords: Valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy, Old neck of femur fracture, Fixation
LA TRADUCCIÓN EN LAS RELACIONES ENTRE ORIENTE Y OCCIDENTE: EL CASO DE MAHATMA GANDHI
Authors: Camps Assumpta
Published: November 2022

Translation is one of the most important channels in the diffusion of an author and his/her work in other cultures and literatures. It is essential when considering his/her reception, and specially when dealing between very distant cultures like in Eastern-Western relationships. Translation is always relevant in the image of a certain author abroad, since it is never a neutral and innocent activity, but a highly manipulatory one through the mediation process that it implies. From that point of view, the aim of this paper is to analyse the reception of Mahatma Gandhi in one of the most widely spoken languages in the world, that is Spanish, through the translations of his writings published in that language both for the Spanish and the Latin American audiences, as a contribution to the study of Gandhi's influence in the world literature.
LA RECEPCIÓN DEL TEATRO DE ALDO DE BENEDETTI EN LA ESPAÑA FRANQUISTA
Authors: MARTÍN CLAVIJO Milagro
Published: November 2022

During Franco’s period a very limited number of Italian plays were translated into Spanish, including the classics. In this scenario, the case of Aldo De Benedetti is an exception: almost all his works are published in Spain and sometimes rather than there are in Italy. Besides, most of their performances have a great public success, at least until the late sixties.
Phosphotungstic Acid–treated Picrosirius Red Staining Improves Whole-slide Quantitative Analysis of Collagen in Histological Specimens
Authors: Mukade Yui , Kobayashi Sayaka , Nishijima Yoshimi , Kimura Kiminori , Watanabe Akira , Ikota Hayato , Shirabe Ken , Yokoo Hideaki , Saio Masanao
Published: November 2022

We tried to prevent nonspecific nuclear staining (NS-NS) of picrosirius red (PSR) staining by treating the specimens with one of the heteropoly acids phosphotungstic acid (PTA). We analyzed a total of 35 cases of non-cancerous liver tissue for fibrosis and NS-NS under PSR-alone, phosphomolybdic acid (PMA)-pretreated PSR (PMA + PSR), or PTA-pretreated PSR (PTA + PSR) condition. In addition, we analyzed the photosensitivity of PMA or PTA single stain specimens. PTA + PSR significantly suppressed NS-NS compared with PSR. The color of the specimens did not change into blue by 30 times the exposure to whole slide scanner (WSS) light. The PTA + PSR condition showed the highest correlation with the Ishak score (pathological evaluation of liver fibrosis) compared with other conditions. Furthermore, Sirius Red–positive percentage (SRP%) in PSR was increased in the NS-NS observed cases. SRP% in PMA + PSR was significantly affected by WSS light exposure time. Moreover, the deposition of non-polarized PSR-stained substances (NP-PSR+S) clinging to the collagen fibers potentially explains why SRP% seemed bigger under PSR than PTA + PSR. Our protocol enabled us to analyze the whole slide image of PSR staining by high magnification, which would contribute to the accurate analysis of collagen amount in the tissue sections.
Efficacy, humoral, and cell-mediated immune response of inactivated fowl adenovirus 8b propagated in chicken embryo liver cells using bioreactor in broiler chickens
Authors: Ugwu Chidozie Clifford , Hair-Bejo Mohd , Nurulfiza Mat Isa , Omar Abdul Rahman , Ideris Aini
Published: November 2022

Background and Aim: Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) 8b causes inclusion body hepatitis, resulting in major economic losses globally among chickens. The objectives were to inactivate FAdV 8b isolate propagated in chicken embryo liver (CEL) cells using a stirred tank bioreactor (UPM08136P5B1) and determine the humoral and cell-mediated immune response, efficacy, and virus shedding in broiler chickens. Materials and Methods: The FAdV 8b isolate UPM08136P5B1 was inactivated using binary ethyleneimine, adjuvanted with Montanide 71VG, inoculated into day-old broiler chickens in a booster group (BG) and non-booster group (NBG), and challenged with a pathogenic FAdV 8b strain. Clinical signs, gross lesions, body weight (BW), liver: body weight ratio, FAdV antibody titer using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and histopathological changes were recorded. The CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T-lymphocyte profiles of the liver, spleen, and thymus using flow cytometry, and viral load in liver and cloacal shedding using quantitative polymerase chain reaction were evaluated. Results: Chickens in the challenged control group (CCG) exhibited mild clinical signs, gross lesions, and histopathological changes, which were absent in the inoculated groups, and had lower BW and higher liver BW ratio than chickens in the unchallenged control group (UCG); BG and NBG on 35- and 42-days post-inoculation (DPI). Chickens in NBG and BG had higher antibodies than UCG on 7, 21, 35, and 42 DPI. The challenged BG and NBG produced higher antibodies than the CCG on 35 DPI. T-lymphocytes were higher among the inoculated groups than UCG in the liver, spleen, and thymus. Inoculated challenged groups recorded higher CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T-lymphocytes on 35 and 42 DPI than CCG. The challenged control group had a significantly higher viral load in the liver than challenged that in BG on 35 DPI and BG and NBG on 42 DPI. The challenged control group had significantly higher challenge FAdV shedding than challenged inoculated groups on 35 and NBG on 42 DPI. Conclusion: UPM08136P5B1 was successfully inactivated and mixed with Montanide 71VG. The inactivated vaccine candidate that induced humoral and cellular immunity was effective, reduced FAdV load in the liver, and shedding in the cloaca, and could be useful against FAdV 8b infections in chickens.
Investigation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus argenteus from wild long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) at Kosumpee Forest Park, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
Authors: Pumipuntu Natapol , Chamnandee Thanyaphorn , Saengthong Kittisak , Pathomthanasarn Suvit , Tanee Tawatchai , Kyes Pensri , Thamsenanupap Penkhae , Karaket Apichat , Roberts Marilyn C. , Kyes Randall C.
Published: November 2022

Background and Aim: In the past, the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in both humans and animals has increased across Thailand. Staphylococcus argenteus has been associated with infections among humans, exotic pets, and livestock. Both species have been identified in non-human primate species from geographically diverse locations but not from non-human primates in Thailand. This study aimed to determine the presence of MRSA/ methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and S. argenteus isolates collected from buccal swab samples in Macaca fascicularis at Kosumpee Forest Park (KFP), Maha Sarakham, Northeast Thailand.

Materials and Methods: Aseptic buccal swab samples were collected from 30 free-ranging macaques in November 2018. All isolates were tested using multiple biochemical tests and S. aureus latex slide agglutination test. Presumptive S. aureus isolates were tested for the presence of the mecA gene using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. The isolates were phenotypically determined to be resistant to a β-lactam antibiotic using the disk diffusion method with a 30 μg cefoxitin disk. The isolates were analyzed by PCR for the non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene to distinguish S. argenteus from S. aureus.

Results: Fifteen macaques (50%) were colonized with S. aureus and 21 isolates were characterized. Three of the macaques carried both the MRSA and MSSA isolate. One animal carried both MRSA and S. argenteus isolate, and one animal carried only S. argenteus. The NRPS gene analysis confirmed that 2 isolates (9.52%) were S. argenteus and 19 isolates (90.48%) were S. aureus [five MSSA and 14 MRSA].

Conclusion: This study is the first to identify MRSA/MSSA and S. argenteus in wild free-ranging M. fascicularis from Thailand at the KFP in Maha Sarakham. This study is also the first report on the occurrence of S. argenteus carriage in M. fascicularis from Thailand.
Quantitative Radiomic Features From Computed Tomography Can Predict Pancreatic Cancer up to 36 Months Before Diagnosis
Authors: Chen Wansu , Zhou Yichen , Asadpour Vahid , Parker Rex A. , Puttock Eric J. , Lustigova Eva , Wu Bechien U.
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Pancreatic cancer is the third leading cause of cancer deaths among men and women in the United States. We aimed to detect early changes on computed tomography (CT) images associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) based on quantitative imaging features (QIFs) for patients with and without chronic pancreatitis (CP).

METHODS:

Adults 18 years and older diagnosed with PDAC in 2008–2018 were identified. Their CT scans 3 months–3 years before the diagnosis date were matched to up to 2 scans of controls. The pancreas was automatically segmented using a previously developed algorithm. One hundred eleven QIFs were extracted. The data set was randomly split for training/validation. Neighborhood and principal component analyses were applied to select the most important features. A conditional support vector machine was used to develop prediction algorithms separately for patients with and without CP. The computer labels were compared with manually reviewed CT images 2–3 years before the index date in 19 cases and 19 controls.

RESULTS:

Two hundred twenty-seven of 554 scans of non-CP cancer cases/controls and 70 of 140 scans of CP cancer cases/controls were included (average age 71 and 68 years, 51% and 44% females for non-CP patients and patients with CP, respectively). The QIF-based algorithms varied based on CP status. For non-CP patients, accuracy measures were 94%–95% and area under the curve (AUC) measures were 0.98–0.99. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were in the ranges of 88%–91%, 96%–98%, 91%–95%, and 94%–96%, respectively. QIFs on CT examinations within 2–3 years before the index date also had very high predictive accuracy (accuracy 95%–98%; AUC 0.99–1.00). The QIF-based algorithm outperformed manual rereview of images for determination of PDAC risk. For patients with CP, the algorithms predicted PDAC perfectly (accuracy 100% and AUC 1.00).

DISCUSSION:

QIFs can accurately predict PDAC for both non-CP patients and patients with CP on CT imaging and represent promising biomarkers for early detection of pancreatic cancer.
LINKED AUDIO REPRESENTATION IN CYBERCARTOGRAPHY: GUIDANCE FROM ANIMATED AND INTERACTIVE CARTOGRAPHY FOR USING SOUND
Authors: Brauen Glenn , Taylor D. R. Fraser
Published: November 2022

This paper discusses sound representation in cybercartographic atlas projects and products as one example of the application of multisensory representation in contemporary cartography. Auditory representation, like animated and interactive visual cartography, makes explicit use of the temporal dimension. Educational multimedia studies have argued that effective learning outcomes result from the coordinated interpretation of visual and auditory information and from the cognitive relations that learners develop within and between their mental representations of these materials. Based on this previous work, this paper examines the goals and motivations of research into animated and interactive cartography to determine which of those could or have been applied to the use of sound as a media for linked abstract representation in which meaning is conveyed both by the content carried by each sensory mode as well as by the manner of relations between visual and auditory representations, signified by the coordinated reactions of the visual and auditory components of atlas products to user actions. To illustrate key concepts in this discussion, the paper describes an application prototype that allows a user to examine data concerning Canada's trade with world regions using an audio-visual interface. The paper outlines a set of functional roles that this type of linked auditory representation could fulfill within an audio-visual cartography, drawing on functional analyses of interactive and animated cartography and acoustic analogies developed through the analysis of the motivations and goals of dynamic visual cartography.
CLASSIFICAÇÃO DE IMAGENS MULTIESPECTRAIS BASEADA EM ABORDAGEM FUZZY
Authors: Prado Fernanda de Almeida , Galo Maria de Lourdes Bueno Trindade
Published: November 2022

Técnicas tradicionais de classificação de imagens multiespectrais têm sido a ferramenta usual para o mapeamento temático da cobertura da terra. Tais técnicas foram projetadas para tratar fenômenos que apresentam limites bem definidos e que podem ser facilmente discretizados. Contudo, existem regiões de incertezas e imprecisões a serem mapeadas, as quais demandam técnicas alternativas, como classificações baseadas em abordagem fuzzy. Nesse contexto, este trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar e analisar comparativamente os resultados obtidos a partir da aplicação da técnica de Máxima Verossimilhança e de dois classificadores baseados em abordagem fuzzy (relativo bayesiano e Distância da Média fuzzy). Para tanto, foi adquirida uma imagem ETM+/Landsat de uma área teste previamente selecionada; realizado o treinamento dos classificadores; e definidas as classes de cobertura da terra. Os resultados obtidos com a aplicação das técnicas de Máxima Verossimilhança, relativa bayesiana e Distância da Média mostraram que classificações relativas são mais adequadas às situações onde ocorre confusão entre as classes, ou seja, quando estas apresentam comportamento inerentemente fuzzy e respostas espectrais similares, dificultando a separação das mesmas. Além disso, as classificações fuzzy fornecem informações relacionadas com a incerteza na atribuição dos pixels às classes, que podem ser úteis e tornar os mapas temáticos gerados mais confiáveis.
AVALIAÇÃO DE CLASSIFICADORES BASEADOS EM APRENDIZADO DE MÁQUINA PARA A CLASSIFICAÇÃO DO USO E COBERTURA DA TERRA NO BIOMA CAATINGA
Authors: Sousa Beatriz Fernandes Simplicio , Teixeira Adunias dos Santos , Silva Francisco de Assis Tavares Ferreira da , Andrade Eunice Maia de , Braga Arthur Plínio de Souza
Published: November 2022

O manejo adequado dos recursos naturais em ambientes frágeis, como o da Caatinga, requer o conhecimento de suas propriedades e distribuição espacial. Nesse contexto, o trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar o desempenho de dois algoritmos baseados em aprendizado de máquina (Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) e o Support Vector Machine (SVM)) e do método da Máxima Verossimilhança na classificação do uso e cobertura da terra no bioma Caatinga. Para o experimento, foi utilizada uma imagem do satélite LANDSAT-5/TM contendo a área de estudo localizada no município de Iguatu-CE e definidas as classes de cobertura da terra, a saber: antropização por agricultura (APA), outros tipos de antropização (OTA), água, caatinga herbácea arbustiva (CHA) e caatinga arbórea densa (CAD). O desempenho dos métodos foi analisado através dos coeficientes de Exatidão Global (EG), Exatidão Específica (EE) e Kappa (K) calculados a partir dos dados da matriz de confusão correspondente à verdade terrestre. Os valores do coeficiente de EG foram de: 86,03%, 82,14% e 81,2% e K de: 0,77, 0,76 e 0,75 nos métodos SVM, MLP e Máxima Verossimilhança, respectivamente. Os valores de EE foram superiores a 70% para todos os classificadores testados. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que os métodos SVM e MLP estão aptos à classificação dos padrões propostos, já que apresentaram resultados semelhantes ao método tradicional da Máxima Verossimilhança. Porém, estes classificadores podem consumir mais tempo na etapa de definição dos parâmetros da rede e de processamento.
ANÁLISE DA DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE FOGOS ATIVOS DETECTADOS PELO SENSOR ATSR 2 E SUA RELAÇÃO COM VARIÁVEIS DEMOGRÃFICAS, AMBIENTAIS E INFRA-ESTRUTURAIS: COMPARABILIDADE ENTRE MÉTODOS DE REGRESSÃO OLS E GWR
Authors: Sousa Adélia Maria Oliveira de , Pereira José Miguel Oliveira Cardoso , Mota Bernardo Wildung Cantante , Santos João Roberto dos
Published: November 2022

Neste estudo foi analisado a relação entre o produto dos fogos activos ATSR com variáveis ambientais, demográficas e infra-estruturas para o território Brasileiro. Foram comparados os métodos de regressão por mínimos quadrados (OLS) e regressão local ponderada (GWR). O método GWR permite a análise de regressão considerando as variáveis nãoestacionárias espacialmente. Foi testada a hipótese do método GWR representar uma melhoria sobre o método de regressão global. O melhor ajustamento dos fogos ativos ATSR foi obtido com o método GWR quando foi considerado fatores humanos, como as variáveis de presença de áreas agrícolas e de distância às estradas, com R2 de 80%. Este estudo permite um melhor entendimento da distribuição espacial dos fogos ativos ATSR e mostra que o método GWR é um complemento válido relativamente aos métodos de análise espacial global.
CARTOGRAFIA DAS ÁREAS DE OCORRÊNCIA DE MANGUEZAIS NO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO ATRAVÉS DA INTEGRAÇÃO DE MULTIPLAS FONTES DE DADOS
Authors: Lardosa Eduardo Ildefonso , Simões Margareth , Soares Mario Luiz Gomes
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo descreve as principais etapas do levantamento e atualização de dados cartográficos referentes ao mapeamento das áreas de ocorrência de manguezais do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Esse estudo tem como objetivo principal compilar, sistematizar e atualizar os dados existentes, produzindo uma ferramenta essencial para a gestão desse ecossistema no território fluminense. De grande relevância para o equilíbrio ambiental na zona costeira os manguezais respondem por inúmeros serviços ambientais, além da paisagem e beleza cênica que nos oferece. Nesse estudo são relacionados os dados cartográficos existentes, com destaque para a escala detalhada, e heterogeneidade dos mesmos. Após uma triagem, esses dados são selecionados, e utilizados como subsídio para sua atualização, realizada a partir da interpretação de um conjunto de ortofotos coloridas. A falta de estruturação dos dados digitais levantados indicou a necessidade de refazê-los, adotando critérios adequados visando futura incorporação a um SIG. Após a realização de trabalhos de campo, para checagem e validação do mapeamento, os dados foram incorporados a um Sistema de Informação Geográfica, sob responsabilidade do INEA (Instituto Estadual do Ambiente), para análise e subsídio a implementação da Política de Conservação dos Manguezais do Estado do Rio de Janeiro.
A MODERNIZAÇÃO DOS PROCESSOS DE ATUALIZAÇÃO CADASTRAL E AS ANÁLISES TEMPORAIS
Authors: Amorim Amilton , Malaman Carolina Scherrer , Sass Glaucia Gabriel
Published: November 2022

Este trabalho apresenta, num primeiro momento, uma discussão sobre os principais métodos de atualização cadastral desenvolvidos nos últimos anos. Posteriormente, se discute a necessidade e a importância da atualização cadastral, sem a perda do histórico de dados dos Bancos de Dados Cadastrais, para a atividade de planejamento municipal. Finalmente, um experimento é executado, mostrando-se exemplos de uso dos Bancos de Dados Temporais para a geração de mapas temáticos, nos quais podem ser observados os resultados da evolução de algumas ocorrências com o passar do tempo.
CARTOGRAPHIC LITERACY FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED PEOPLE
Authors: Nogueira Ruth Emilia , Ventorini Silva Elena , Freitas Maria Isabel Castreghini de
Published: November 2022

Without maps blind people are limited to receive information about the geographic space through words and/or need to memorize long descriptive information in order to have access to places. Maps may offer access to spatial information for this group of users to organize their internal spatial images (estimating distances, locating places and objects). As a consequence, this might revert in a greater independence and autonomy in the orientation, mobility and self-assurance of these people. Such facts demonstrate the importance of cartographic education of people with visual impairment (VI), a theme that has been the object of study of the authors of this article. The fi rst part of the text demonstrates how the tactile maps were standardized in the Laboratory of Tactile and School Cartography of Federal University of Santa Catarina and how they are produced. The following section describes the Tactile Model System - Mapavox developed in partnership with São Paulo State University - UNESP, |Rio Claro Campus and Tércio Pacitti Institute of Computer Applications and Research of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). One last item is dedicated to demonstrate experiences of the authors in the cartographic initiation of blind students, where the importance of pedagogic mediation of tactile pedagogical material in this process is discussed.
POTENTIAL EVALUATION OF THE TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNER IN STRUCTURAL MONITORING: CASE STUDY MAUA HPP
Authors: Lenartovicz Igor Ribeiro , Veiga Luís Augusto Koenig , Faggion Pedro Luiz , Nadal Carlos Aurélio , Soares Marcos Alberto
Published: November 2022

With the purpose of evaluating the potential of using a terrestrial laser scanner in the monitoring of dams, with case study in the Power Plant Maua located in the Tibagi River, on the border between the cities of Ortigueira and TelêmacoBorba, scans were performed in the fi eld in two different times, before and after the formation of its reservoir. The laser point clouds were integrated with data from a survey of robotic total station, in the Cyclone software, to refer all results to the same local topographic system. All data were processed using two different software that allow the detection of displacements by comparing the scan, 3DReshaper and CloudCompare. Some comparison procedures were performed: between the scans performed from equal installation points in different periods, between the scans performed from a point and the dam's overall structure scans, and between the scans of the overall structure in the different periods. The results show a large dependence of the calculation with the meshing process, but in areas of highest density of points, we observed a higher precision of the mesh and a better defi nition of displacements.
CARTA DA SENSIBILIDADE AMBIENTAL AO DERRAMAMENTO DE ÓLEO EM RODOVIAS: APLICAÇÃO PILOTO NA ESTRADA DOS TAMOIOS (SP-099), ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Martins Patrick Thomaz de Aquino , Riedel Paulina Setti , Milanelli João Carlos Carvalho , Sturaro Jose Ricardo
Published: November 2022

A Carta de sensibilidade ambiental para derramamentos de óleo (Carta SAO) é um dos documentos que faz parte do plano de emergência em episódios que ocorram derramamento de petróleo ou derivados. Modal mais utilizado no Brasil para transporte de petróleo e derivados, a rodovia emerge como o principal difusor em acidentes que resultem em derramamento de óleo no ambiente. Com o objetivo de realizar o mapeamento da sensibilidade ambiental para derramamento de óleos da Estrada dos Tamoios (SP-099), o presente estudo elencou cinco áreas piloto ao longo da rodovia, delimitando uma área de influência direta (buffer) de 500m. Foram utilizadas técnicas de fotointerpretação e geoprocessamento, saídas de campo e pesquisas bibliográficas. Quatro elementos foram adotados à elaboração da Carta SAO: (1) recursos faunísticos; (2) mosaico socioeconômico; (3) cobertura da terra; e (4) índice de Sensibilidade Ambiental Terrestre (IST) e fluvial. Foram identificadas 595 espécies faunísticas, pertencentes a seis grupos (Invertebrados Terrestre, Mamíferos, Répteis, Anfíbios, Aves e Peixes). O mosaico socioeconômico identificado é caracterizado por grupos recreacionais, área sob gestão especial, uso e extração de recursos naturais, transporte e tipo de ocupação. As áreas piloto são caracterizadas por IST de classe intermediária, não contendo classes de nível 9 e 10. Os segmentos mais sensíveis estão localizadas nas áreas piloto 1, 3 e 5, estando relacionados ao meio físico, à sensibilidade fluvial e à diversidade biológica, respectivamente. As sensibilidades aferidas neste trabalho são indicações que devem ser levadas em conta durante uma emergência. Por constituir um mapa, estas sugestões devem ser estudadas e interpretadas por profissionais capacitados para lidar com este tipo de documento e com competência à aplicação.
ANÁLISE DO DESEMPENHO DE MODELOS DE ALBEDO DA SUPERFÍCIE EM ÁREAS DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR COM DADOS DO SENSOR MODIS/TERRA
Authors: Oliveira Bruno Silva , Moraes Elisabete Caria , Rudorff Bernardo Friedrich Theodor , Mataveli Guilherme Augusto Verola
Published: November 2022

A cana-de-açúcar é uma cultura de grande importância no Brasil, com uma intensa expansão na região Centro-Sul na última década, principalmente devido à crescente demanda de etanol a partir de 2003. Esse cenário exige que se avaliem os impactos gerados pela expansão da cultura no balanço de radiação e nos fluxos de energia na superfície, que estão intrinsecamente relacionados com os parâmetros de superfície como o albedo. O albedo de superfície é uma das variáveis críticas na modelagem do balanço de radiação, variando em função das transformações no uso e cobertura da terra e das condições de umidade do solo, com impacto direto no balanço de energia e no clima. Na modelagem do albedo com dados de sensoriamento remoto, diferentes metodologias podem gerar resultados diferentes entre si, dependendo de fatores intrínsecos ao alvo ou ao próprio sistema sensor. Nesse contexto, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as estimativas do albedo de superfície segundo os modelos de Liang (2000) e Tasumi et al. (2008) para as safras 2005/06 e 2006/07 de uma plantação de cana-de-açúcar, considerando como verdade terrestre os dados meteorológicos obtidos no sítio experimental do município Luís Antônio - SP em área de cana-de-açúcar. O modelo de Liang (2000) apresentou melhor desempenho, ainda que tenha subestimado o albedo em 19% durante as duas safras avaliadas, enquanto o modelo de Tasumi et al. (2008) subestimou em 24%. Nas fases de crescimento e maturação da cultura, onde há menor influência do solo na reflectância, os modelos de Liang e Tasumi subestimaram, respectivamente, 9% e 16%.
ANÁLISE MULTITEMPORAL DO ALBEDO, NDVI E TEMPERATURA NO ENTORNO DO RESERVATÓRIO DE ITAPARICA - PE: ANOS DE 1985 E 2010.
Authors: Matos Rafaella Chrystiane de Moura , Candeias Ana Lúci Bezerra , Azevedo José Roberto Gonçalves
Published: November 2022

Nesta pesquisa foram realizadas as análises multitemporais do albedo, NDVI e temperatura para as datas de 01 de Outubro de 1985 e 10 de Outubro de 2010 como etapas do procedimento de estimativa da evapotranspiração através do Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL), desenvolvido por BASTIAANSSEN (1995) para a área do reservatório de Itaparica - PE utilizando dados do sensor Thematic Mapper (TM) do satélite Landsat 5, com o objetivo de aplicar o sensoriamento remoto como ferramenta de auxílio à pesquisas relacionadas às mudanças climáticas e verificar como esta técnica auxilia nos estudos realizados sobre a área do reservatório que é foco do projeto INNOVATE (INterplay between the multiple use of water reservoirs via inNOVative coupling of substance cycles in Aquatic and Terrestrial Ecosystems). O estudo envolve mudanças climáticas no semiárido e a área é o reservatório de Itaparica e seu entorno. De um modo geral, na cena utilizada que corresponde a um recorte de uma imagem de órbita/ponto 216/66, o albedo aumentou em torno de 4,8% e consequentemente houve uma redução do NDVI em 46,3%, a temperatura da superfície diminuiu na faixa de 14%, entre o período analisado, que consiste em uma data anterior e outra posterior a construção da barragem.
CARTOGRAFIA TEMÁTICA
Authors: Martinelli Marcello , Graça Alan José Salomão
Published: November 2022

A cartografia temática surgiu de forma sucessiva à cartografia topográfica. Desenvolveu-se a partir da demanda pormapas específicos para atender a novas solicitações por conta da sistematização dos ramos de estudos emancipadoscom a divisão do trabalho científico, no fim do século XVIII e início do XIX. O presente artigo resgata em breves notas,alguns métodos e técnicas extremamente relevantes para o desenvolvimento da cartografia temática, tanto quanto ramode produção cartográfica quanto uma disciplina acadêmica de disseminação do conhecimento geográfico. Apesar deem essência todo mapa possuir um tema, a denominada cartografia temática possuí métodos específicos e teorizações,que foram sendo incorporadas a cartografia com o intuito de garantir a produção do conhecimento na transmissão deinformações qualitativas, ordenadas e quantitativas. A proposta discutida neste trabalho, reforça a ideia de que comolinguagem, os mapas conjugam-se com a prática histórica, podendo revelar diferentes visões de mundo.
A CARTOGRAFIA DA DISSECAÇÃO VERTICAL PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO RELEVO: PROPOSTA DE TÉCNICA AUTOMÁTICA
Authors: Ferreira Mateus Vidotti , Tinós Thaís Minatel , Pinton Leandro de Godoi , Lupinacci Cenira Maria
Published: November 2022

A análise das variáveis geomorfométricas fornece dados quantitativos que permitem uma avaliação da potencialidade morfogenética dos terrenos. A dissecação vertical se destaca como uma variável que representa a altitude relativa do relevo, refletindo seu grau de entalhamento. Essa variável é de extrema relevância para a identificação de áreas mais susceptíveis a ações gravitacionais e, portanto, mais frágeis aos processos denudativos. Tradicionalmente, a obtenção de dados de dissecação vertical era um trabalho moroso, mas com a evolução das técnicas digitais, a análise dessa variável pode ser tornar mais rápida e precisa. O objetivo desse artigo é apresentar e discutir uma nova técnica automática desenvolvida em meio digital para a aquisição de dados da dissecação vertical do relevo. A fim de avaliar os resultados, é apresentada ainda uma análise comparativa com um mapeamento elaborado de forma semiautomática. A área de estudo abarca a bacia hidrográfica do Córrego do Cavalheiro (Analândia - SP) e a escala trabalhada é de 1:10.000. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a técnica automática proposta neste trabalho se mostrou vantajosa para o mapeamento da dissecação vertical perante a técnica semiautomática. A nova técnica proporcionou um ganho significativo de tempo, replicabilidade e confiabilidade devido ao uso de algoritmos computacionais, que minimizam a subjetividade inerente aos processos analógicos.
CARTOGRAFIA GEOAMBIENTAL COMO BASE PARA PLANEJAMENTO TERRITORIAL NA BACIA DO RIO CLARINHO, SP
Authors: Roque Guerrero João Vitor , De Lollo José Augusto , Lorandi Reinaldo
Published: November 2022

A desconsideração dos condicionantes naturais é uma das falhas fundamentais do processo de planejamento territorial em bacias hidrográficas. Os processos de degradação ambiental, em particular a erosão e perda de qualidade dos recursos hídricos, são os impactos mais marcantes que decorrem dessa situação. No caso particular da bacia do rio Clarinho (SP) intensos processos erosivos se instalaram como consequência disso. O trabalho apresenta os resultados da cartografia geoambiental analítica da bacia, processo que permitiu a identificação dos condicionantes naturais na área e a identificação de potencialidades e limitações das unidades geoambientais presentes. A partir desse conhecimento, são apresentadas propostas para estudos futuros e intervenções adequadas à melhoria da qualidade ambiental na bacia.
MAPAS TÁTEIS: ORIENTAÇÃO E MOBILIDADE EM AMBIENTE URBANO
Authors: Degreas Helena Napoleon , Katakura Paula
Published: November 2022

A acessibilidade de indivíduos com deficiência visual requer o desenvolvimento de pesquisas para a criação e o aperfeiçoamento de tecnologias assistivas, recursos e serviços que permitam maior orientação e mobilidade a esses mesmos indivíduos em ambiente urbano. Além do grande número de pessoas com habilidades funcionais comprometidas, a longevidade também amplia a necessidade de recursos especiais que contribuam para o desenvolvimento de atividades cotidianas (trabalho, lazer e habitação) com mais liberdade e autonomia, redução de barreiras e que proporcionem maior qualidade de vida por meio da ampliação da comunicação, do acesso e de relacionamentos com o seu meio. Dentre essas tecnologias, destacam-se neste artigo a importância da representação tátil com foco na elaboração de mapas táteis urbanos direcionados ao uso por pessoas cegas, organização de diretrizes para a sua execução, o envolvimento de equipes interdisciplinares e o emprego de novos processos de produção, visando a ampliação do uso dessas tecnologias assistivas bem como a capacitação das pessoas com deficiência visual para sua utilização. Esta pesquisa faz parte da produção do Grupo de Pesquisa Transformações do território: patrimônio, cultura e sociedade do Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Projeto, Produção e Gestão do Espaço Urbano do FIAM-FAAM Centro Universitário.
MAPEAMENTO DE SUSCETIBILIDADE A DESLIZAMENTOS A PARTIR DE MINERAÇÃO DE DADOS E DO MODELO SHALSTAB
Authors: Riffel Eduardo Samuel , Chimelo Ruiz Luiz Fernando , Guasselli Laurindo Antonio
Published: November 2022

Diversos modelos têm sido utilizados para mapear, modelar, quantiï¬car e identiï¬car áreas suscetíveis a deslizamentos. Os mapeamentos de suscetibilidade surgem como uma alternativa à cultura forense existente no Brasil em relação aos movimentos de massa, pois consistem em uma previsão de áreas onde é necessária maior atenção em relação à possibilidade de ocorrência de desastres. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar o mapeamento de suscetibilidade a movimentos de massa na bacia hidrográï¬ca do rio Forromeco-RS. Para isso empregou-se duas metodologias, o modelo Shalstab e o modelo Ãrvore de Decisão, que posteriormente foram comparadas. Para implementar os modelos foram utilizadas 47 amostras de deslizamentos, identiï¬cadas a partir de cicatrizes de escorregamentos na região da bacia, mapeados por meio de imagens de satélite de alta resolução espacial. Como dado de entrada dos modelos foram utilizados parâmetros morfométricos, extraídos de imagem SRTM. A comparação dos resultados das duas metodologias e a análise da acurácia dos modelos, baseado no índice kappa, mostrou que o modelo Ãrvore de Decisão apresentou uma acurácia de 0,98, enquanto para o modelo Shalstab foi de 0,82. Ressalta-se que a diferença entre os resultados dos modelos é pouco signiï¬cativa. Ambos podem representar de forma satisfatória o objetivo ï¬nal de geração de mapa de suscetibilidade. No entanto, o modelo Shalstab apresenta mais limitações, devido à necessidade de dados de grande resolução, para uma boa resposta da análise.