bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complement Factor H Promotes the Growth of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Cells through the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Kaili , Wang Xitan , Li Jiang , Wang Yangyang , Gao Peng
Published: January 2025

Background:

Over 50% of lung adenocarcinoma patients have high levels of
complement factor H (CFH) expression. Previous studies have reported that CFH inhibits
the migration of endothelial cells. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which
CFH affects lung adenocarcinoma development via phosphorylation of STAT3.

Methods:

Adenovirus expressing mice Cfh gene was used to infect C57 mice for two weeks,
and then Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) was injected to develop a subcutaneous tumor. The
effect of CFH on human A549 cells was also detected. Moreover, we collected CFH overexpressed conditional medium from HepG-2 cells infected with adenovirus expressing human CFH gene. A549 cells were incubated with the conditional medium, and the effect of
the CFH-conditional medium on cell proliferation and migration was detected.

Results:

It was found that CFH promoted lung adenocarcinoma growth in vivo, and CFHconditional medium treatment significantly increased the viability and migration area of
A549 cells. CFH-conditional medium increased the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 in
A549 cells. While using STATTIC to block STAT3 phosphorylation, CFH-conditional medium treatment did not affect A549 cell viability or migration compared to the control
group.

Conclusion:

These data suggested that CFH promoted the proliferation and migration of
A549 cells by increasing the phosphorylation level of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Furthermore, CFH has the potential to be a target for antitumor therapy
Therapeutic Potential of Dexmedetomidine in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: From the Bench to the Clinic
Authors: Hu Xiaojun , Luo Rong , Lei Fan , Li Xin , Luo Yuncheng , Li Qingran , Yi Limei , Zhang Xia , Polyak Andrew , Tao Yuanxiang , Jiang Ruotian
Published: January 2025

Neuropsychiatric disease encompasses a range of conditions resulting from various dysfunctions within the nervous system, manifesting in diverse neurological impairments. These disorders, including depression, schizophrenia, anxiety, and Alzheimer's disease, impose significant economic and psychological burdens on both individuals and society overall. Recent clinical and preclinical studies have highlighted the potential therapy of dexmedetomidine (Dex), a highly selective α2 adrenergic receptor agonist, not only as an effective sedation but also as a neuroprotective agent. Dex exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, as well as contributes to maintaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. Clinical observations also supports the application of Dex for the management of neuropsychiatric disorders. Importantly, its side effects in rodents and humans studies are less than those of antipsychotics. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the preclinical and clinical evidence supporting the therapeutic efficacy of Dex in neuropsychiatric disorders. We then discussed underlying mechanisms of its effect. Last, we point out future research directions of Dex in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.
NaturePred: A Tool for Revolutionizing Natural Product Classification with Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Madival Sharanbasappa D. , Mishra Dwijesh Chandra , Chaturvedi Krishna Kumar , Sharma Anu , Budhlakoti Neeraj , Angadi Ulavappa B. , B Pavana , Farooqi Mohammad Samir , Srivastava Sudhir , Jha Girisk Kumar
Published: January 2025

Background:

The identification and classification of natural products are vital in drug
discovery and bioactive compound exploration. Traditional methods are laborious and timeconsuming,
necessitating innovative tools for accurate predictions using advanced AI techniques.

Objectives:

This paper presents NaturePred, a user-friendly tool designed to predict the class of natural
products and calculate eight physicochemical properties of protein sequences. It aims to accurately
predict five distinct classes of natural product biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs): Polyketide
Synthases (PKS), Non-ribosomal Peptide Synthetases (NRPS), Ribosomally Synthesized and Post-
Translationally Modified Peptides (RiPPs), Terpenes, and PKS-NRPS Hybrids. It also addresses reliability
in multi-class classification with a 90% confidence score threshold.

Method:

NaturePred offers three input options: single protein sequence, CSV file, or GenBank
(.gbk) file. It uses a pipeline with a Natural Language Processing model based on TF-IDF (Term
Frequency- Inverse Document Frequency) and a Logistic Regression classifier. Predictions are
made if the confidence score exceeds 90%; otherwise, "None of the above class" is predicted. Evaluation
with unseen data from the MiBIG database shows high accuracy (~96%) in assigning BGCs.

Results:

NaturePred provides accurate predictions with high confidence scores, demonstrating reliability
across different datasets. It calculates eight physicochemical properties of protein sequences,
offering valuable insights for further analysis.

Conclusion:

NaturePred's integrated features, including versatile input options, accurate predictions,
and physicochemical property calculations, make it an indispensable tool in natural product
research. By addressing classification challenges, NaturePred facilitates drug discovery and bioactive
compound exploration, advancing the field. Tool available: (http://login1.cabgrid.res.in:5101/).
Identification of Potential Necroptosis Inhibitors using Pharmacophore
Model: An In-silico Approach
Authors: Pritam Manisha , Dutta Somenath , Kumar Rajnish
Published: January 2025

Background::

Necrosis, a form of uncontrolled cell death, can be triggered by a variety of
stressors, including infection, injury, toxins, and ischemia. Such necrotic events, particularly when
induced by pathogenic infections, can lead to severe health complications. The mixed lineage kinase
domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL) has been identified as a crucial drug target for mitigating
necrosis.

Objective::

The objective of this study is to identify potential MLKL inhibitors that act against
necroptosis via a pharmacophore model and virtual screening.

Methods::

In this study, we developed a ligand-based pharmacophore model to facilitate the identification
of inhibitors that target MLKL. Comprehensive ADMET analysis, virtual screening, and
molecular docking were employed to identify potential therapeutic candidates. Subsequently, molecular
dynamics (MD) simulations and free energy calculation of a leading candidate were conducted
using GROMACS and gmxMMPBSA tool to assess the stability of the MLKL-inhibitor
complex.

Results::

Our investigations identified 26 potential MLKL binders, with three compounds emerging
as frontrunners on the basis of their favorable pharmacokinetic profiles, including high/low gastrointestinal
absorption, optimal bioavailability, solubility, and non-hepatotoxicity. The MD simulations
further corroborated the structural stability of the MLKL-drug complex.

Conclusion::

The integrated computational approach adopted here could serve as a model for accelerating
the discovery of drug candidates in other therapeutic areas as well. These findings necessitate
further experimental validation before progressing to clinical trials.
Serum Proteomics Reveals Differential Proteins between Individuals with
Vestibular Migraine and Healthy Subjects
Authors: Wang Lixiang , Liu Junhong , Zhang Daopei , Zhang Huailiang
Published: January 2025

Objective::

This pilot study aimed to analyze serum differential proteins in Vestibular
Migraine (VM) group (n=21) and the healthy controls (HC) group (n=21).

Methods::

Serum samples collected from subjects were analyzed using the relative quantitative proteomics
Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) quantification technique for protein identification.

Results::

Based on TMT proteomics technology and bioinformatics analysis, we identified a total of
35 differentially expressed proteins, including 24 up-regulated proteins and 11 down-regulated proteins.

Conclusion::

Proteomic analysis was able to reveal differences in protein expression between VM
sufferers and healthy controls. Similar to other neurological diseases characterized by neuroinflammation,
the serum proteome of VM patients shows an abundance of proteins that indicate cellular
damage and inflammation. If this relevant inflammatory status is confirmed in a larger series, it
could serve as a target for VM treatment.
Indole Derivatives: Versatile Scaffolds in Drug Development and Cancer Therapeutics
Authors: Kulyal Himani , Tiwari Abhishek , Tiwari Varsha
Published: January 2025

Indole and its derivatives are important in both biology and chemistry due to their presence
in many natural compounds and their role in various bodily functions. Indole is the core structure of
several key molecules like tryptophan, serotonin, melatonin, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), which are
involved in processes like cell signaling, growth regulation, and neurotransmission. Indole-based
compounds in plants and animals serve as building blocks for essential molecules, such as alkaloids,
proteins, and enzymes. For instance, in plants, indole derivatives like auxins help regulate growth,
while in animals, they contribute to various physiological functions. Indole derivatives have been extensively
researched for their potential as therapeutic agents, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry.
These compounds exhibit a wide range of medicinal properties, including anticancer, antitubercular,
antimalarial, and anti-HIV activities. Their anticancer potential is particularly notable, as they can
target various biological pathways involved in cancer, such as inhibiting DNA topoisomerase, blocking
histone deacetylase (HDAC), and disrupting tubulin polymerization. Modifying the indole structures
by adding halogen atoms has increased their effectiveness, making them more potent than some
standard chemotherapy drugs like cisplatin and gemcitabine. Indole-based compounds also show
promise in targeting apoptosis (programmed cell death) and autophagy (cellular self-digestion), both
of which are crucial in cancer treatment. By influencing these pathways, indole derivatives can promote
the death of cancer cells and inhibit tumor growth, making them promising candidates for cancer
therapy. The versatility and biological importance of the indole structure make it a valuable platform
for drug development, with ongoing research aimed at understanding how these compounds can be
used to treat cancer and other diseases.
Primary Renal Neuroblastoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Kebudi Rejin , Koca Dilşad , Yıldırım Ülkü Miray
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor found in
childhood.

Case Representation:

Primary renal neuroblastoma has been reported in the literature as case reports.
Almost all cases had a preliminary diagnosis of Wilms tumor and were diagnosed as neuroblastoma
after nephrectomy. Renal localized neuroblastoma may not be distinguished radiologically
from Wilms tumor.

Discussion:

We report a case of a 9-month-old infant with primary intrarenal neuroblastoma and
provide a literature review. The definitive differential diagnosis of some renal masses is both radiologically
and clinically challenging.

Conclusion:

In such cases, the input of a multidisciplinary team, including the oncologist, surgeon,
and radiologist, is invaluable in deciding on a biopsy or nephrectomy.
Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) Occurrence in the South of Iran
Authors: Faryabi Reza , Kamali Ali , Raesi Rasoul , Hushmandi Kiavash , Tabatabaee Seyed Saeed , Askarpour Hedyeh , Samakkhah Shohreh Alian , Daneshi Salman
Published: January 2025

Background and Objective:

Tuberculosis (TB) was one of the most challenging diseases
in terms of diagnosis, treatment, and control during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present
study was conducted to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of tuberculosis.

Materials and Methods:

This study was cross-sectional, based on a census of all patients with tuberculosis
whose information was available in the tuberculosis registration system of the Health
Vice-Chancellor of Jiroft University of Medical Sciences from 2016 to 2021. In this study, demographic
information and variables related to the type of tuberculosis, disease case, treatment result,
and treatment regimen were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire.

Results:

The incidence of tuberculosis during the COVID-19 pandemic was significantly reduced
by 57% compared to the pre-pandemic period. There was no significant difference between the
pre-COVID-19 era and the pandemic era in terms of demographic variables and several determining
factors in TB patients.

Conclusion:

The COVID-19 pandemic was found to impact the control of the tuberculosis program.
Delays in referral, diagnosis, and treatment led to an increase in the spread of tuberculosis,
particularly within households, an increase in the number of deaths, and an increase in drug resistance
of the tuberculosis microbe. Therefore, it is recommended that awareness programs for the
public about tuberculosis be organized and that more education be provided to health and treatment
staff about tuberculosis to ensure that the control measures implemented in recent decades
are not wasted.
Unlocking the Potential: Phytoestrogens and Cardiovascular Health
Authors: Gulati Arvind , Banker Himanshi , Muhammad Alina Amin , Anamika FNU , Jain Rohit
Published: January 2025

Phytoestrogens are plant-derived compounds resembling human estrogen and have
recently gained attention due to their potential role in improving cardiovascular health. These
compounds exert their effects through various mechanisms, including interactions with estrogen
receptors, growth factor receptors, inflammatory mediators, thrombogenic reactions, and apoptotic
pathways. This results in cardioprotective effects like modulating endothelial function, decreasing
vessel tone, reducing inflammation, altering lipid profiles, and influencing arrhythmogenesis.
Recent studies indicate the intricate and multidimensional association between phytoestrogens
and cardiovascular disease. Despite the overwhelming evidence that phytoestrogen intake
lowers the risk of myocardial infarction (MI), prevents atherosclerosis, improves cardiac
function, prevents hypertension, and reduces the risk of arrhythmias, there have been studies that
show contradictory outcomes.

For this reason, the therapeutic use of phytoestrogens for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases,
which appears to be extremely promising, should be handled cautiously, considering the individual
variances, dosage, and the specific components of phytoestrogens. This review consolidates
findings on the effects of phytoestrogens on the heart and blood vessels, explores the
mechanisms behind these interactions, and seeks to determine the best methods for using phytoestrogens
as a supplement in managing and preventing cardiovascular disease. By understanding
these aspects, we can better evaluate the potential of phytoestrogens in cardiovascular health
and develop guidelines for their safe and effective use.
Comparison of Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein A (PAPP-A) Levels in IVF-Induced Pregnancies and Physiological Pregnancies: A Case-
Control Study
Authors: Moghadam Haniyeh Najari , Darabi Roksana , Forootan Mitra , Darvishi Mohammad
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Infertility is an important issue in reproductive health. In the field of reproductive
medicine, In vitro Fertilization (IVF) stands out as a central approach to helping infertile
couples. Pregnancy-associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A) levels increase progressively throughout
pregnancy until delivery. Therefore, the present study aimed to conduct a detailed examination
and comparison of PAPP-A levels between women who have undergone IVF treatment due to infertility
and those with natural pregnancies, all of whom have been referred to the Gynecology and
Infertility Clinic of Besat Hospital in 2020.

Methods:

The present case-control study was conducted on women with IVF-induced pregnancies
and those with physiological pregnancies who have been referred to the Gynecology and Infertility
Clinic of Besat Hospital in 2020. Pregnant women who did not have a complete medical record and
had a history of other diseases were excluded from the study. In this study, venous blood was collected
from the pregnant women, and the serum level of the PAPP-A marker was checked. This information
was recorded in their medical records and then subjected to statistical analysis.

Results:

For this purpose, 28 pregnant women by IVF and 34 physiological pregnant women were
included in the study. There was a significant relationship between the type of pregnancy (IVF and
physiological pregnancy) and the serum level of PAPP-A dispersion based on the KID test, and
70.59% of pregnancies were physiological at the level of 0.5-0.9. Based on the results of the ROC
curve test, the cut-off point of the serum level of PAPP-A in pregnancy caused by IVF and physiological
pregnancy was 0.63. This means that in 90.91% of people whose serum level of PAPP-A
was less than 0.63, the method of pregnancy was IVF.

Conclusion:

The results of the present study have revealed the serum level of PAPP-A to be different
depending on the type of pregnancy, and it has been found to be significantly higher in pregnant
women with physiological pregnancy than in pregnancy due to IVF.
Exploration of Cervical Cancer Image Processing and Detection Based on URCNNs
Authors: Cheng Cheng , Yang Yi , Qu Youshan
Published: January 2025

Background:

Cervical cancer is a prevalent malignancy among women, often asymptomatic in early stages, complicating detection.

Objective:

This study aims to investigate innovative techniques for early cervical cancer detection using a novel U-RCNNS model.

Methods:

Cervical epithelial cell images stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) were analyzed using the U-RCNNS model, which integrates U-Net for
segmentation and R-CNN for object detection, incorporating dilated convolution techniques.

Results:

The U-RCNNS model significantly improved the accuracy of detecting and segmenting cervical cancer cells, with the enhanced Mask R-CNN
showing notable advancements over the baseline model.

Conclusion:

The U-RCNNS model presents a promising solution for early cervical cancer detection, offering improved accuracy compared to traditional methods and highlighting its potential for clinical application in early diagnosis.
Challenges in Diagnosing Primary Intracranial Ewing Sarcoma/Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor: A Case Report
Authors: Luo Shigang , Wang Feifei , Haung Huan , Tang GuangCai
Published: January 2025

Background:

Primary intracranial Ewing Sarcoma/peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor (EWS/pPNET) is exceedingly rare and easy to misdiagnose.

Case Presentation:

We present a case involving a 23-year-old male who presented with headaches and vomiting. The preoperative brain imaging revealed an irregular
mass in the left parietal lobe, initially misdiagnosed as meningioma. However, the surgical specimen was ultimately diagnosed as primary
intracranial EWS/pPNET. The patient underwent a total tumor resection, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. No recurrence or
distant metastasis was observed 18 months after the surgery.

Conclusion:

When the imaging features of young patients’ lesions are solid, aggressive, and unevenly enhanced masses, physicians should be aware of the
possibility of primary intracranial EWS/pPNET, and if possible, Gross Total Resection (GTR) and intensive chemotherapy and radiotherapy are
recommended.
Exploring the Prevalence and Coexistence of Metabolic Dysfunction-associated
Steatotic Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Using Ultrasound: A
Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Hadadi Ibrahim , Adam Mohamed , J Musa Mustafa , Gareeballah Awadia , Alqahtani Mansour , Kanbayti Ibrahem , Hazazi Ahmed
Published: January 2025

Background:

Type 2 diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) increases vulnerability to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Therefore, this
study aims to determine the prevalence and coexistence of MASLD in patients with T2DM using ultrasound.

Methods:

This cross-sectional retrospective study included 168 patients with T2DM from multiple diabetes clinics in Abha City, Asir region, recruited
between August 2023 and December 2023. Adult patients aged 18 and over with T2DM were included, and data was extracted from patient files.
All patients were examined by ultrasound to determine the prevalence and coexistence of MASLD in patients with T2DM. Hepatic steatosis on Bmode
ultrasound is qualitatively classified on a four-point scale: normal (0), mild (1), moderate (2), and severe (3).

Results:

Out of 168 patients, 68.4% were identified with MASLD, mostly with diffuse liver (97.4%) diagnosed through ultrasound. MASLD was
significantly higher in individuals with uncontrolled diabetes (72.5%) than those with controlled diabetes (46.2%), with a significant difference
(p=0.015) and an odds ratio (OR) of 3.081, indicating uncontrolled diabetics are over three times more likely to develop MASLD. The
uncontrolled group had a statistically significant larger liver size than the control group (13.6cm ±1.43 vs. 13.0cm ±1.20, respectively: [p=0.032,
95%CI 0.053-1.12]). Furthermore, a notable association was observed between increased BMI and the prevalence of MASLD in individuals with
T2DM. Furthermore, no significant association was found between the duration of diabetes and the severity of MASLD, nor between the grading
of MASLD and gender.

Conclusion:

This study highlights a crucial association between uncontrolled diabetes and increased MASLD prevalence, emphasizing the importance of
diabetes management in reducing MASLD risk.
Insights into the Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics and Analytical Techniques of Lobeglitazone: A Novel Anti-diabetic Drug
Authors: Mudaliar Saradhkumar , Godani Nandan , Sharma Sanjay
Published: January 2025

Objective:

This review article aims to provide crucial insights related to the chemistry,
pharmacology and analytical techniques associated with Lobeglitazone, a promising anti-diabetic
molecule. Diabetes is a chronic ailment which hinders the normal functioning of beta pancreatic cells
due to which the pancreas becomes incapable of producing sufficient amount of insulin or the body
is not able to utilize the insulin that is produced by the beta-pancreatic cells. Lobeglitazone is a novel
thiazolidinedione class of drug approved for type-II diabetes management by regulatory agencies in
South Korea and India. The molecule has the potential to replace pioglitazone for the treatment of
type-II diabetes due to its lower effective dose (0.5 mg) and better safety profile.

Method:

A comprehensive literature review was conducted using sources like PubMed, ScienceDirect,
and Google Scholar. The review focused on chemistry, pharmacology, efficacy, safety, and
advancements in analytical techniques for Lobeglitazone estimation in biological samples, bulk, and
dosage forms.

Result:

Lobeglitazone exhibits potent therapeutic efficacy in treating type-II diabetes with fewer
adverse effects compared to previous thiazolidinedione drugs. It demonstrates a better safety profile,
especially in terms of cardiovascular risk. However, current analytical methods for lobeglitazone rely
on solvents that do not adhere to green chemistry principles, highlighting the need for eco-friendly
alternatives.

Conclusion:

Lobeglitazone holds substantial potential to replace older thiazolidinedione drugs due to
its lower effective dose and improved safety profile. Future research should focus on developing
sustainable analytical methods that align with green chemistry principles, further reinforcing its role
in diabetes management.
Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Generated from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Show Synergistic Efficacy Against Multidrug-resistant Bacteria
Authors: Ali Muna Jalal , AlMatar Manaf
Published: January 2025

Background:

The use of plant extracts as both reducing and capping agents in the
biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has a wide range of potential applications in addressing diverse biological challenges.

Objectives:

The objective of this research was to broaden the scope of AgNPs by the use of a
new phytochemical approach characterized by low toxicity and production cost

objective:

The objective of this research was to broaden the scope of AgNPs by the use of a new phytochemical approach characterised by low toxicity and production cost. This method included the manufacture of nanoparticles using aqueous leaf extracts derived from Eucalyptus camaldulensis.

Method:

This method included the manufacture of nanoparticles using aqueous leaf extracts
derived from Eucalyptus camaldulensis.

Results:

The biosynthesis of AgNPs was subjected to characterization using many analytical
techniques. The findings from the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed the
presence of mostly spherical-shaped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The size distribution of these
AgNPs was shown to be influenced by the kind of plant leaf extract used. Specifically, AgNPs
derived from E. camaldulensis extract exhibited lower sizes, ranging from 16 nm to 22 nm.

Conclusion:

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit significantly enhanced antibacterial efficacy
against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, surpassing the potency of the plant extracts used in their production.
Mycophenolate Mofetil Induced-Colitis: Is it More about Clinical Diagnosis?
Authors: Nagandran Yoghini , Mandal Saikat , Zahar Ayuni Zahirah
Published: January 2025

Background:

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is an immunosuppressant commonly
used for treating autoimmune diseases.

Case Presentation:

We report a diagnostically challenging case of MMF-induced colitis in a patient
after 3 years of initiation of MMF therapy. A 76-year-old Caucasian female with a history of
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy receiving MMF presented to the hospital
with a 7-weeks history of watery diarrhoea and crampy abdominal pains. Routine blood investigations,
CMV-PCR, stool culture, viral PCR, Colonoscopy, and CT scan of the abdomen were broadly
within normal limits. Histopathological changes were not significantly diagnostic apart from
ischaemic-type changes. Finally, the reduction of the MMF dose caused the cessation of diarrhoea.
Diagnosing MMF-induced colitis can be challenging, especially in patients on immunosuppressive
medications. Further, long latency periods and non-specific colonoscopic and histopathologic
changes add to the diagnostic dilemma.

Conclusion:

MMF-induced diarrhoea should be part of the clinician’s differentials, and the decision
to reduce the dose of MMF needs to be considered once infection and other causes have been
ruled out.
Nutritional Deficiency Anemia Status among Adolescent Girls in North Lombok District, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Mulianingsih Misroh , Suriah Suriah , Hidayanty Healthy , Amiruddin Ridwan , Hadju Veny , Salmah Andi Ummu , Yusron Meyka Aris
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Anemia is a major health problem affecting adolescents worldwide. This problem should receive proper attention due to its significant adverse health, social, and economic impacts. This study aims to collect comprehensive data and factors associated with anemia status in adolescent girls.

Methods

This study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional study method. The population was all girls aged 15-19 in the working area of Bayan and Gangga Health Centers, North Lombok, Indonesia. The sample size was 400. Anemia status was determined by hemoglobin examination, incidence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) status, and nutritional status by mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) measurement and body mass index-for-age Z-score measurement.

Results

A total of 76% of adolescents were anemic. Tests showed a strong link between anemia and: hematocrit level, CED, and nutritional status in adolescent girls (p < 0.05). The tests showed a strong link between CED status and anemia in adolescent girls (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Adolescent girls who experience iron deficiency anemia are more likely to be found in those who experience CED. Adolescent girls must pay more attention to adequate and varied food intake to improve nutritional status and prevent iron deficiency anemia.
A Narrative Review on Aggression in Children and Adolescents:
Anthropology, Developmental Phenomenology, Transdiagnostic
Trajectories, Contextual Nosology, and Strategic Pathways for
Interventions
Authors: Gupta Mayank , Gupta Nihit
Published: January 2025

Introduction/Objective::

The transdiagnostic construct of aggression in
children and adolescents is often characterized by distinct mental phenomena,
such as irritability, emotional dysregulation (ED), anger, and outbursts. However,
these terms are frequently interchanged in clinical settings despite their distinct
semantic nuances. Therefore, it is critical to delve into the complex dynamics of
aggression, irritability, and emotional dysregulation in the child and adolescent
population.

Methods::

An extensive search was conducted across diverse databases using the
keywords "Aggression," "Violence," "Irritability," and "Emotional
dysregulation." This search encompassed articles on childhood aggression,
covering its prevalence, risk factors, clinical manifestations, assessment methods,
treatment modalities, and prognostic indicators. Initial screening identified 261
articles, with 40 selected for the initial draft and an additional 15 included later,
either manually or via reverse citations.

Results::

The appraisal of aggression is challenging due to its terminology and
diagnostic complexities, especially in distinguishing normative behavior from
psychopathological impairments. There is a significant lack of empirical
evidence, like systematic reviews concerning the heterogenous dimensional
understanding of aggression, including its social determinants, comorbidities, and
targeted interventions. Likewise, there is a crucial need to assess comorbid
conditions like ADHD, DMDD, and ODD to gain deeper insights into their
developmental, social, and biological determinants. Emphasizing comorbidity
assessment and age of onset during initial diagnostic evaluations is vital, followed
by a structured approach to interventions encompassing behavioral and
pharmacological strategies.

Conclusion::

There is a need for a stepwise multidimensional assessment towards
contextual understanding of aggression and sequencing the treatment of
aggression in children and adolescents. It is paramount to incorporate tailored
interventions with shared decision-making.
Recent Advances of 3-Hetero-substituted 4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one: A Review
Authors: Mandal Samir Kumar
Published: January 2025

Late-stage functionalization of pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one at pyrimidine ring structure
is crucial to design pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and materials for sustainable development. 4Hpyrido[
1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ones skeleton, a potent privileged scaffold, ubiquitously exists in numerous
bioactive natural and pharmacologic products. Scope of different synthetic methods including their
synthetic application to design new materials and biological activity of differently substituted 4Hpyrido[
1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ones are of main interest. Researchers are relentlessly working to develop
more efficient and ecofriendly methods for their synthesis. This review provides, a comprehensive
discussion of the recent advancements in the field of synthesis and application of 3-heterosubstituted
4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one for sustainable development.
Team Chemistry and COVID in European Football
Authors: de Graaf Jip
Published: January 2025

Objective:

This research investigates the influence of team chemistry and COVID on football matches.

Methods:

This is done by estimating the effect of both chemistryand COVID on match results and analysing the performance of prediction models where both effects are included and threshold intervals are usedfor classification. Four different chemistry measures are introduced and all are evaluated.

Results:

Chemistry has the expected positive effect on performance only for the top teams in the estimations where interaction effects are included for two different chemistry measures. COVID has the expected mitigating effect on home advantage.

The inclusion of both effects in prediction models does not increase prediction accuracy consistently, although for various symmetric threshold intervals the prediction models with chemistry and COVID included outperforming the baseline models.

Conclusion:

Chemistry can have a positive influence on the perfomrance of a team and empty stadiums due to COVID mitigate the effect of home advantage. Including COVID and chemistry measures based on region in predictions is highly recommended.
Non-verbal Communication of Sports Leaders and Influence on Students' Participation Satisfaction, Positive Emotion, Exercise Adherence, and Sport Recommendation
Authors: Chung Ji-Young , Jeong Seung-Hoon
Published: January 2025

Background and Study Aim:

This study analyzed the relationship between the nonverbal communication of golf leaders' and the satisfaction, positive emotion, exercise adherence, and recommendation of sports leaders among students participating in golf classes.

Material and Methods:

The study surveyed 377 students in four middle and four high schools in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province from January 2 to May 2, 2020. The SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0 programs were used to conduct these procedures: reliability analyses to analyze the validity and reliability of the survey questions; confirmatory factor analysis; the correlation between nonverbal communication and various variables; and a structural equation model (SEM) analysis to empirically verify the hypotheses of the study.

Results:

Results showed that five major hypotheses and five of the 18 sub-hypotheses had significant effects among the independent and dependent variables. The golf leaders’ paralanguage and physical appearance significantly affected the participation satisfaction of youth participants. In addition, their physical appearance had a statistically significant effect on the exercise adherence of the youth participants. In turn, the participation satisfaction among the youth participants significantly affected their positive emotions, exercise adherence, and recommendation of golf leaders. In effect, their positive emotion significantly affected their recommendations of golf leaders to others.

Conclusion:

Hence, sports leaders should learn nonverbal communication skills through continuous self-management, class preparation, and active demonstrations among their students.
The Grammaticalization of 'a gente' in European Portuguese: a corpus-based study
Authors: Fonseca Ana Filipa , Barros Clara
Published: January 2025

This article intends to study the process of the grammaticalization of a gentewhich took place between the 13th and the 20th centuries (Lopes, 2004), comparing the different uses of the initial phase of grammaticalization, corresponding to the medieval period, and of the final phase (in the 19th and 20th centuries). To this end, a corpus was constituted composed of 156 excerpts extracted from the Computerized Corpus of Medieval Portuguese (CIPM) and the Corpus of Portuguese (CP) – subdivided into CP-Fiction and CP-News. In general, the results obtained corroborate conclusions already reached in other works on this evolutionary process (Nascimento, 1989; Menuzzi, 2000; Lopes, 2004; Costa & Pereira, 2013). However, we discovered some relevant aspects for this research: the use of a syntactic-semantic test to identify a gente with a semantic feature [φI], the impact of regency on verbal agreement and the relationship between the uses and functioning of a gente within the various discursive traditions in which it arises. CP-News data confirm the characteristic tension of journalistic discourse between objectivity and approach to the reader, as the frequencies of the interpretations under analysis are very close (43,6.0% vs. 56,4%) and we even found a verb form in the first-personplural which agrees with a gente.
Preposition: an intermediate category in the continuum lexicon > grammar
Authors: Coelho Sueli Maria
Published: January 2025

From a cognitivist and multisystemic perspective on the conception of language, this article revisits the class of prepositions in Portuguese, re-discussing their concept and their traditional categorization in terms of form and function. The core of the discussion consists of a proposal to categorize the eleven most productive essential prepositions in Portuguese according to the prototype of the items, defined based on a matrix of features that combines categorical criteria (degree of grammaticalization), syntactic (transitivity potential) and cognitive (representation concrete and metaphorical space). In this analysis methodology, the most prototypical examples of the class are those that combine the greatest number of features in the matrix, while the most peripheral are those that present fewer features that define the category. The results obtained indicate a specialization in the use of the most peripheral exemplars in the affix function.
Effectiveness of Outpatient Chronic Pain Management for Middle-Aged Patients by Internet Hospitals: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sang Ling , Zheng Bixin , Zeng Xianzheng , Liu Huizhen , Jiang Qing , Liu Maotong , Zhu Chenyu , Wang Maoying , Yi Zengwei , Song Keyu , Song Li
Published: January 2025

Background

Chronic pain is widespread and carries a heavy disease burden, and there is a lack of effective outpatient pain management. As an emerging internet medical platform in China, internet hospitals have been successfully applied for the management of chronic diseases. There are also a certain number of patients with chronic pain that use internet hospitals for pain management. However, no studies have investigated the effectiveness of pain management via internet hospitals.

Objective

The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to explore the effectiveness of chronic pain management by internet hospitals and their advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional physical hospital visits.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study. Demographic information such as the patient’s sex, age, and number of visits was obtained from the IT center. During the first and last patient visits, information on outcome variables such as the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), medical satisfaction, medical costs, and adverse drug events was obtained through a telephone follow-up. All patients with chronic pain who had 3 or more visits (internet or offline) between September 2021, and February 2023, were included. The patients were divided into an internet hospital group and a physical hospital group, according to whether they had web-based or in-person consultations, respectively. To control for confounding variables, propensity score matching was used to match the two groups. Matching variables included age, sex, diagnosis, and number of clinic visits.

Results

A total of 122 people in the internet hospital group and 739 people in the physical hospital group met the inclusion criteria. After propensity score matching, 77 patients in each of the two groups were included in the analysis. There was not a significant difference in the quality of life (QOL; QOL assessment was part of the BPI scale) between the internet hospital group and the physical hospital group (P=.80), but the QOL of both groups of patients improved after pain management (internet hospital group: P<.001; physical hospital group: P=.001). There were no significant differences in the pain relief rate (P=.25) or the incidence of adverse events (P=.60) between the two groups. The total cost (P<.001) and treatment-related cost (P<.001) of the physical hospital group were higher than those of the internet hospital group. In addition, the degree of satisfaction in the internet hospital group was greater than that in the physical hospital group (P=.01).

Conclusions

Internet hospitals are an effective way of managing chronic pain. They can improve patients’ QOL and satisfaction, reduce treatment costs, and can be used as part of a multimodal strategy for chronic pain self-management.
Validation of Sleep Measurements of an Actigraphy Watch: Instrument Validation Study
Authors: Waki Mari , Nakada Ryohei , Waki Kayo , Ban Yuki , Suzuki Ryo , Yamauchi Toshimasa , Nangaku Masaomi , Ohe Kazuhiko
Published: January 2025

Background

The iAide2 (Tokai) physical activity monitoring system includes diverse measurements and wireless features useful to researchers. The iAide2’s sleep measurement capabilities have not been compared to validated sleep measurement standards in any published work.

Objective

We aimed to assess the iAide2’s sleep duration and total sleep time (TST) measurement performance and perform calibration if needed.

Methods

We performed free-living sleep monitoring in 6 convenience-sampled participants without known sleep disorders recruited from within the Waki DTx Laboratory at the Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo. To assess free-living sleep, we validated the iAide2 against a second actigraph that was previously validated against polysomnography, the MotionWatch 8 (MW8; CamNtech Ltd). The participants wore both devices on the nondominant arm, with the MW8 closest to the hand, all day except when bathing. The MW8 and iAide2 assessments both used the MW8 EVENT-marker button to record bedtime and risetime. For the MW8, MotionWare Software (version 1.4.20; CamNtech Ltd) provided TST, and we calculated sleep duration from the sleep onset and sleep offset provided by the software. We used a similar process with the iAide2, using iAide2 software (version 7.0). We analyzed 64 nights and evaluated the agreement between the iAide2 and the MW8 for sleep duration and TST based on intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).

Results

The absolute ICCs (2-way mixed effects, absolute agreement, single measurement) for sleep duration (0.69, 95% CI –0.07 to 0.91) and TST (0.56, 95% CI –0.07 to 0.82) were moderate. The consistency ICC (2-way mixed effects, consistency, single measurement) was excellent for sleep duration (0.91, 95% CI 0.86-0.95) and moderate for TST (0.78, 95% CI 0.67-0.86). We determined a simple calibration approach. After calibration, the ICCs improved to 0.96 (95% CI 0.94-0.98) for sleep duration and 0.82 (95% CI 0.71-0.88) for TST. The results were not sensitive to the specific participants included, with an ICC range of 0.96-0.97 for sleep duration and 0.79-0.87 for TST when applying our calibration equation to data removing one participant at a time and 0.96-0.97 for sleep duration and 0.79-0.86 for TST when recalibrating while removing one participant at a time.

Conclusions

The measurement errors of the uncalibrated iAide2 for both sleep duration and TST seem too large for them to be useful as absolute measurements, though they could be useful as relative measurements. The measurement errors after calibration are low, and the calibration approach is general and robust, validating the use of iAide2’s sleep measurement functions alongside its other features in physical activity research.
Efficacy and Acceptability of a Mobile App for Monitoring the Clinical Status of Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Receiving Home Oxygen Therapy: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Naranjo-Rojas Anisbed , Perula-de Torres Luis Ángel , Cruz-Mosquera Freiser Eccehomo , Molina-Recio Guillermo
Published: January 2025

Background

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) primarily originates from exposure to tobacco smoke, although factors, such as air pollution and exposure to chemicals, also play a role. One of the primary treatments for COPD is oxygen therapy, which helps manage dyspnea and improve survival rates. Mobile health (mHealth) technologies have demonstrated significant potential in monitoring patients with chronic diseases, offering new avenues for enhancing patient care and disease management.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of a mobile app designed for the clinical monitoring of patients with COPD and home oxygen (HO) therapy, compared with conventional monitoring in real-world community settings.

Methods

A parallel-group, nonblinded, multicenter randomized controlled trial was conducted with 45 participants; the intervention group (IG), which used the mobile app in addition to conventional monitoring (n=23) and the control group, which received only conventional monitoring (n=22), administered by therapists over a duration of 3 months. The primary outcomes included the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test (CAT) score, the level of dyspnea measured by the Borg scale, and oxygen saturation percentage, assessed at both the beginning and end of the trial. Secondary outcomes included the frequency of app use, the number of hospitalizations, and survival rates. In addition, a satisfaction survey and an interview were conducted with the IG.

Results

The median use of the mobile app was 21 (IQR 16-28) days. At the end of the follow-up, the Borg dyspnea scale was significantly lower in patients who used the mobile app for HO therapy monitoring (mean 0.6, SD 0.8 vs mean 4.1, SD 1.4; P=.001). Regarding the impact of COPD on quality of life, as measured by the CAT, no differences were found in the scores between baseline and end-of-follow-up within the control group. However, a significant decrease was observed in the IG (baseline median CAT 27, IQR 23-31 vs final median CAT 22, IQR 14-28; P<.001). In addition, the CAT score was significantly higher in patients receiving conventional monitoring compared with those monitored with the mobile app (median 30, IQR 23-32 vs median 22, IQR 14-28; P=.02).

Conclusions

The use of the mobile app, AppO2 (SINCO), designed for the clinical monitoring of patients with COPD and HO therapy, is associated with improved quality of life. In addition, the app is highly accepted by users, promotes self-care, and fosters patient confidence in managing their own condition.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials NCT04820790; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04820790

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-021-01450-8