bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with the structural liquidity of banks in Brazil
Authors: Cardoso Vanessa Rodrigues dos Santos , Campos Lorena Almeida , Dantas José Alves , Medeiros Otávio Ribeiro de
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT This study aimed to identify the relationship between the Structural Liquidity Index (SLI) and macroeconomic variables, bank characteristics, and the validity period of the Basel III Agreement. Although the academic discussion on bank liquidity essentially addresses short-term issues, monitoring long-term liquidity helps assess any excessive dependency of banks on unstable resources, thus contributing to mitigating the risks of systemic liquidity crises such as that of 2008. As it provides evidence of the relationship between the SLI and the selected explanatory variables, the study can be included in the context of the discussions involving the Basel III Agreement, which establishes the implementation of the long-term liquidity index regulatory requirement as of 2018. The model was formulated based on fourteen research hypotheses, tested using panel data regressions estimated via pooled ordinary least squares, least squares with fixed effects, and two-stage least squares with fixed effects. The dependent variable was constructed based on the accounting data of 184 conglomerates and individual financial institutions operating in the country between June 2002 and December 2014. The SLI presented a positive relationship with changes in the exchange rate, international reserves, and reserve requirements, as well as with the profitability, size, and main specialization of the institution. On the other hand, we found a negative relationship between the SLI and the basic interest rate, country risk, balance of trade, validity period of the Basel III Agreement, type of equity control (private vs. government), and the bank being publicly listed on the São Paulo Stock, Commodities, and Futures Exchange (BM&FBovespa) or privately held. The validation of the relationships between these explanatory variables and the SLI provides a broader understanding of the risks to which financial institutions are exposed, contributing to the preventive analysis of bank liquidity risk - an antecedent indicator of financial crises, diminished confidence, and economic instability.
Effects of regulatory changes in microcredit on the financial and social performance of Brazilian credit unions
Authors: Santos Ana Lucia Carvalho , Barros Lucas A. B. C. , Takeda Tony , Gonzalez Lauro
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT This study investigates whether the performance of credit unions that offer microcredit in Brazil was affected by the advent of Crescer - the National Microcredit Program. This research fills a gap in the literature because few papers investigate credit unions that work with microcredit and also the effects of governmental interventions related to microcredit operations. Studies of this type may help evaluate the impact of governmental interventions on the performance of the institutions that are directly or indirectly affected. Our results add to the debate about microcredit and about the inclusion of credit unions in this market. In particular, our evidence may influence the design of public policies and the strategies of microfinance institutions, which typically combine economic and social objectives. Based on the literature, we calculate fifteen indicators for each credit union, related to their financial and social performance. The inferences are based on the implementation of the difference in differences estimator using the advent of Crescer, in 2011, as the exogenous event of interest and including in the control group the credit unions that did not provide microcredit loans throughout the sample period. This research presents evidence that the volume of clients and microcredit operations performed by Brazilian credit unions was positively affected by regulatory changes that took place in 2011, consistently with the objectives of the governmental intervention. The evidence also suggests that the governmental intervention did not harm the financial sustainability of the credit unions. The main changes are: a substantial reduction of interest rates and transaction costs, the implementation of subsidies to participants in the program, and a push for public banks to enhance their supply of productive and oriented microcredit.
Analysis of the impact of Fies on the stock returns from the higher education sector
Authors: Pinheiro Marília Cordeiro , Serrano André Luiz Marques
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT This article aims to analyze if the issuance of Series E Treasury Bonds (CFT-Es) generates abnormal returns in a higher education stock portfolio and verify if the Brazilian higher education market is efficient in its semi-strong form. The main purpose of CFT-Es is to transfer funds to institutions with the aim of providing finance to students enrolled in private universities. These issuances have effects on the capital market, considering that after the program began, the first initial public offering (IPO) of a Brazilian university occurred. Moreover, according to the National Institute for Educational Studies and Research Anísio Teixeira/Ministry of Education and Culture (Inep/MEC), Brazil has the largest market for higher education in Latin America. Several studies have been conducted to analyze the relationship between monetary policy and financial markets, but this has not occurred within the scope of fiscal policy. Such research is appropriate, considering the discussion on the need to contain government spending, but at the same time stimulate the Brazilian economy. The main contribution of the study is it indicates that the higher education market has tended towards the efficiency hypothesis, considering that in the first analysis, H0 was not rejected for 82% of the windows of events, and in the second analysis, H0 was not rejected for any of the windows of events, with there being no evidence of abnormal gains due to funds being released for the Student Finance Fund (Fies). The event study methodology was used to test the hypotheses of abnormal returns obtained due to CFT-Es being issued through the release of ordinances. A portfolio composed of higher education stocks was elaborated, weighted by the quarterly amount receivable from Fies for each institution, and covering 2009 to 2017. The results show that the stocks of institutions benefiting from Fies tend to react efficiently to CFT-E issuances authorized by the National Treasury.
Funcionalidade do apoio à família da criança com pneumonia
Authors: Souza Renata Olzon Dionysio de , Borges Amanda Aparecida , Bonelli Maria Aparecida , Dupas Giselle
Published: February 2019

Resumo OBJETIVO Conhecer a composição e o funcionamento do apoio social utilizado pela família da criança adoecida por pneumonia. MÉTODO Pesquisa qualitativa, realizada com quatorze famílias de crianças menores de cinco anos internadas por pneumonia, provenientes de regiões de maior vulnerabilidade social de um município do interior paulista, no período de novembro de 2015 a maio de 2016. Utilizou-se como referencial teórico o Modelo Calgary de Avaliação Familiar, e a Análise de Conteúdo Temática de Bardin como método. RESULTADOS A família nuclear e a extensa constituem o apoio social utilizado; a rede de apoio acessada engloba a Atenção Primária de Saúde, Unidades de Pronto Atendimento e hospitais, observando falha na referência e contra-referência intersetoriais. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS A reorganização familiar mostrou-se relevante e efetiva em períodos de crise; as famílias buscam no nível secundário de atenção à saúde a resolutividade para o adoecimento de seu filho.
Construção de hipermídia para apoio ao ensino da sistematização da assistência de enfermagem
Authors: Salvador Pétala Tuani Candido de Oliveira , Rodrigues Cláudia Cristiane Filgueira Martins , Ferreira Júnior Marcos Antonio , Fernandes Maria Isabel Domingues , Martins José Carlos Amado , Santos Viviane Euzébia Pereira
Published: February 2019

Resumo OBJETIVOS Descrever o processo de construção de hipermídia para apoiar o ensino da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem (SAE). Métodos: Pesquisa metodológica de desenvolvimento de uma tecnologia educacional. As etapas de construção da hipermídia ocorreram de fevereiro de 2015 a março de 2016 e integraram estudos teóricos, realização de grupo focal com docentes e processo de desenvolvimento da tecnologia educacional à luz do referencial da Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa. RESULTADOS: A hipermídia é composta por conteúdo interativo e apresenta uma tela inicial com um mapa conceitual que orienta um caminho livre de aprendizado sobre quatro aspectos estruturantes na aprendizagem da SAE: conceito, histórico e benefícios; aspectos ético-legais; operacionalização; e Processo de Enfermagem: etapas e integração do técnico em enfermagem. CONCLUSÕES Concluiu-se que é fundamental que as tecnologias educacionais sejam construídas a partir de uma fundamentação pedagógica que sustente sua incorporação nos ambientes de ensino.
Hábitos de vida de homens idosos hipertensos
Authors: Cavalcanti Marcos Vinicius de Araújo , Oliveira Luciane Paula Batista Araújo de , Medeiros Anna Cecília Queiroz de , Távora Rafaela Carolini de Oliveira
Published: February 2019

Resumo OBJETIVOS Identificar os hábitos de vida em homens idosos hipertensos da cidade de Currais Novos/RN; correlacionar hábitos de vida e presença de comorbidades. MÉTODOS Estudo exploratório e descritivo, quantitativo, com amostra de 136 idosos hipertensos. A coleta de dados aconteceu em Currais Novos/RN, de agosto a outubro de 2016, pela técnica de entrevista estruturada. Realizada análise descritiva e inferencial utilizando o Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20.0. RESULTADOS A maioria referiu praticar atividade física (52,9%), procurar serviços de saúde (82,4%), ter alimentação saudável (94,9%), negou tabagismo (91,2%) e etilismo (77,9%). A comorbidade mais frequente foi diabetes (17,6%). CONCLUSÕES Os participantes, em sua maioria, relataram ter hábitos de vida considerados saudáveis, o que acreditavam influenciar no controle da doença. Dentre os parâmetros investigados, apenas o hábito de não fumar foi associado à ausência de picos hipertensivos; os demais hábitos não apresentaram associação estatística com as comorbidades.
Percepção da equipe multidisciplinar sobre a estrutura dos serviços de saúde mental: estudo fenomenológico
Authors: Schran Letícia da Silva , Machineski Gicelle Galvan , Rizzotto Maria Lúcia Frizon , Caldeira Sebastião
Published: February 2019

Resumo OBJETIVO Compreender a percepção da equipe multidisciplinar em relação à estrutura organizacional dos serviços de saúde mental no município de Cascavel-Paraná. MÉTODOS Trata-se de estudo exploratório, descritivo, qualitativo com a abordagem da Fenomenologia Social de Alfred Schütz. As informações foram coletadas por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com profissionais dos referidos serviços, entre os meses de maio a julho de 2016 e analisadas a partir dos pressupostos da fenomenologia social. RESULTADOS A partir da análise foram identificadas as seguintes categorias: a estrutura organizacional da rede de atenção à saúde mental; ações de cuidado no contexto da estrutura organizacional dos serviços de saúde mental e; expectativas em relação à rede de atenção à saúde mental. CONCLUSÕES A equipe multidisciplinar tem conhecimento sobre o formato estrutural e organizacional dos serviços de saúde mental e, tem expectativas de melhorias em relação ao futuro da atenção à saúde mental no município.
A formação contínua no desenvolvimento de competências do professor de enfermagem
Authors: Ferreira Rogério Manuel Ferrinho , Nunes Ana Clara Pica
Published: February 2019

Resumo OBJETIVO Conhecer a importância atribuída à formação contínua no desenvolvimento de competências do professor. MÉTODO Estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, envolvendo quinze (15) professores de carreira, da área científica de enfermagem, de duas instituições públicas de ensino superior em Portugal, selecionados intencionalmente. Os dados foram recolhidos utilizando a técnica dos grupos de discussão e foram analisados através da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Este processo foi submetido à avaliação de dois peritos, resultando coeficientes de concordância, que oferecem garantias em relação às inferências e processo de categorização. RESULTADOS Emergiu o desenvolvimento profissional do professor (categoria), envolvendo dois indicadores: a aprendizagem e conhecimento profissional e o desenvolvimento de competências. CONCLUSÕES Os dados obtidos permitem colocar em evidência que a formação contínua é determinante no desenvolvimento profissional destes professores, pela aprendizagem e conhecimento profissional e no desenvolvimento de competências.
Poética Antropofágico-Perspectivística para uma Re-Visão do Teatro Brasileiro: a cena de origem
Authors: Gardel André
Published: February 2019

Resumo: O texto apresenta esboços de construção de uma Poética, cuja finalidade é a realização de uma Re-Visão, em cinco momentos-chave, do Teatro Brasileiro. Para tal, busca-se estabelecer uma cena de origem, delineada a partir do encontro - impregnado de atração e repulsa - que se dá no Brasil Colônia, a partir do Século XVI, entre as civilizações ameríndia e europeia. Duas metafísicas e formas de expressão, com isso, formam a base intensiva e panteatral de uma Poética que projeta noções de teatro brasileiro em estado constante de lutas de perspectivas, simbolizadas, em suas origens, por duas bocas antropofágicas entredevorantes: a eucarística cristã mercantilista e a cosmopolítica ameríndia.
La Orientación Generacional y Estética de una Premiación del Estado Dirigida al Teatro Independiente
Authors: Salas Tonello Pablo
Published: February 2019

Resumen: Se analiza cómo han estado orientados los premios de un festival del Estado - la Fiesta Provincial del Teatro de Tucumán (Argentina) - entre 2002 y 2017, en relación a los grupos etarios y corrientes estéticas reconocidos. En el artículo se muestra que los premios se dirigen fundamentalmente a elencos con directores jóvenes que cultivan una estética posdramática, excluyendo la tradición realista, el humor popular y el teatro de la crueldad. Por último, se evalúan los motivos del Estado para realizar dichas exclusiones, así como los juegos de poder en el ámbito local que implican el reconocimiento de figuras jóvenes y el desdén por las figuras jerárquicas del campo teatral provincial.
Artificialidade Intencional: um princípio para reposicionar o corpo
Authors: Della Costa Rossana
Published: February 2019

Resumo: O artigo desenvolve um exercício de pensamento sobre o princípio da artificialidade intencional depreendido da obra de Edward Gordon Craig com o objetivo de fazer mover o corpo na formação docente. As noções foucaultianas de corpo dócil, corpo utópico e heterotopia são postas em operação em lateralidade com as propostas craiguianas da Übermarionnette e do Projeto Scene, com intuito de pensar o corpo artificial da marionete em relação ao corpo orgânico das estudantes de Pedagogia. Conclui-se que há duas vias coexistentes e conflitivas que operam nos processos de subjetivação, uma relacionada à ordem disciplinar e outra que aciona o corpo para a criação.
The Monstrous Flesh: collective bodies and the State-Form in Modern Mesopotamia
Authors: Ganji Iman
Published: February 2019

Abstract: The Middle East is in chaos. Having been described as monstrous, the Islamic State (ISIL) has been defeated only to come back as a chronic guerrilla style insurgency and the shadow of further conflicts that are still looming in the region. The following article takes up this situation through the concept of the biopolitical monster as the common body of resistance and struggle, exploring the liberatory aspects of this concept in terms of organization and political autonomy, and argues that ISIL has more in common with the State-form than with the monstrous. Discussing the colonial and neo-colonial aspects of the situation, the case of Kurdish Northern Syria will be presented in contrast to the ISIL. It continues to argue for a social monstrous flesh as the performative body of contemporary protest movements, tracing back the rhizomatic etymologies of monster to Aristotle and early Islamic philosophers, drawing inspirations mainly from the tradition of immanent thought and its contemporary thinkers such as Foucault, Deleuze, Guattari, and Negri.
SYHDA – System of Hydrological Data Acquisition and Analysis
Authors: Vargas Marcelle Martins , Beskow Samuel , Caldeira Tamara Leitzke , Corrêa Leonardo de Lima , Cunha Zandra Almeida da
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT Acquisition and analysis of hydrological series are essential activities for hydrological studies in watersheds. However, they require time and are usually complex and susceptible to human errors. In order to minimize these problems, computational tools are often used for hydrological analysis, although there are few of them in Brazil. This technical note aims to provide a structured document with information on the motivation, development, conception, main functionalities, and applications of the System of Hydrological Data Acquisition and Analysis (SYHDA). SYHDA is a software intended for acquisition and analysis of hydrological data (rainfall and streamflow) and was fully idealized to enable the user to deal with the country’s leading hydrology databases. It has several modules that include analysis by descriptive statistics and graphical tools, seasonality analysis of streamflows, non-parametric tests, and at-site and regional probabilistic modeling. SYHDA has been used in numerous scientific studies, which give grounds to affirm that it demonstrates a great potential to be used in both everyday and complex activities demanded by the scientific and technical community of hydrology and related areas.
PODER E DEMOCRACIA: UMA ANÁLISE DA REDE DE FINANCIAMENTO ELEITORAL EM 2014 NO BRASIL
Authors: Junckes Ivan Jairo , Horochovski Rodrigo Rossi , Camargo Neilor Fermino , Silva Edson Armando , Chimin Junior Alides Baptista
Published: February 2019

Este artigo analisa as relações de poder político-empresarial constituídas no processo de financiamento eleitoral, em 2014, no Brasil. O estudo das redes de investimentos revela que um terço dos candidatos participou do pleito com chances de sucesso eleitoral próximas de zero, enquanto outro terço participou de um núcleo no qual 0,16% dos doadores privados financiaram diretamente 81% dos eleitos no país. Para a exploração de tal assimetria analisamos 220 mil relacionamentos entre 185 mil atores, incluindo financiadores e agentes partidários, bem como candidatos que declararam um fluxo de recursos superior a sete bilhões de Reais. Utilizamos os dados de candidaturas e prestação de contas disponíveis no site do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE), os quais foram tratados e submetidos a cálculos de rede e testes estatísticos. Os resultados permitiram identificar a constituição estrutural de uma elite político-empresarial e contribuem para a consolidação de métodos relacionais de análise crítica do financiamento político.
LEGITIMIDADE POLICIAL: UM MODELO DE MENSURAÇÃO
Authors: Oliveira Thiago R. , Oliveira André Rodrigues de , Adorno Sergio
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é o desenvolvimento de um modelo de mensuração dos sentimentos de legitimidade policial da população paulistana. Identificamos que, na literatura nacional a respeito das atitudes públicas sobre as autoridades legais, pesquisas que se valem de desenhos de survey comumente adotam uma perspectiva operacionalista, negligenciando a lacuna existente entre os conceitos e as questões. Contribuímos substantivamente para esse campo desenvolvendo um modelo de mensuração de legitimidade policial, definida conceitualmente como um dever normativamente orientado de obedecer e um alinhamento moral com a polícia. Utilizando dados de um survey representativo de oito regiões da cidade de São Paulo em 2017, realizamos uma análise fatorial confirmatória de segunda ordem. Posteriormente,validamos essa medida por meio de um modelo de equações estruturais centrado no construto legitimidade. Implicações do conceito e da mensuração de legitimidade para a segurança pública são discutidas.
A CONSTRUÇÃO LEGAL-INSTITUCIONAL DA RESOLUÇÃO NEGOCIADA DE CONFLITO NO BRASIL
Authors: Viégas Rodrigo Nuñez
Published: February 2019

No presente artigo pretendemos identificar as iniciativas realizadas na esfera legislativa para a consecução da reforma do sistema de Justiça, desenvolvida no Brasil a partir dos anos 1980. Buscamos demonstrar que tais iniciativas envolvem um processo – ao contrário de uma tendência ocorrida mundialmente de enxugamento das legislações – de expansão da legislação brasileira como forma de regulamentar órgãos, métodos e instrumentos extrajudiciais de tratamento dos conflitos. Ademais, procuramos evidenciar tal processo como resultado do esforço de certos “criadores de regras” que, ao criarem e imporem regras, buscam reconfigurar o que se entende por função “pacificadora” do Estado de tratar os conflitos, justificando suas ações por meio de discursos que reforçam a via extrajudicial como maneira de tornar mais “pacífico”, “consensual” e “célere” o tratamento dos conflitos.
Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde Mental: suporte teórico para o percurso formativo
Authors: Onocko-Campos Rosana , Emerich Bruno Ferrari , Ricci Ellen Cristina
Published: February 2019

Os Programas de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde Mental são modalidades de formação que investem na qualificação de profissionais para a atuação no campo da Saúde Pública brasileira, sobretudo em equipamentos de saúde mental, por meio de práticas supervisionadas e de ofertas teóricas. Em que pese a expansão de ofertas de vagas em anos recentes, ainda são escassas as produções que abordam o arcabouço teórico e pedagógico que embasa essa modalidade formativa. Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar e discutir o suporte teórico e metodológico que sustenta o Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde Mental da Universidade de Campinas (Unicamp), a saber: Itinerários de Formação, Supervisão, Seminários Clínicos, Fórum R1-R2, Controle Social e Articulação Ensino-Serviço. Apostamos na formação mediada por diferentes estratégias, condizentes com os pressupostos clínicos, éticos e políticos que orientam as práticas profissionais na rede pública de Saúde Mental.
Vivências de cuidado em saúde de moradores de Serviços Residenciais Terapêuticos
Authors: Massa Paula Andréa , Moreira Maria Inês Badaró
Published: February 2019

O Serviço Residencial Terapêutico (SRT) compõe a estratégia de desinstitucionalização na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial (RAPS), sendo um instrumento de recuperação de cidadania. O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer a compreensão dos moradores de SRT de uma cidade paulista sobre “saúde” e “cuidado à saúde”. De natureza qualitativa, utilizou o grupo focal narrativo e contou com a participação de dez moradores. Para eles, saúde é ser feliz e sentir prazer; e o cuidado à saúde extrapola as ações nos diferentes pontos da RAPS. A sua rede de cuidados inclui diversificados espaços de trocas sociais em estabelecimentos comerciais, de lazer e de cultura. Concluiu-se que as ações dos profissionais no cuidado à saúde devem ressignificar papéis e mediar relações sociais, contratuais e de poder, na concretização de novos planos de vida na cidade, constituindo-se como um projeto de felicidade.
Equidade nos cursos de graduação em Saúde: marco legal, desafios políticos e metodológicos
Authors: Rocha Dais Gonçalves , Souza Dyana Helena de , Cavadinha Edu
Published: February 2019

Propõe-se o diálogo sobre a implementação da lente da equidade nos cursos de graduação de uma universidade pública brasileira, a partir da análise documental das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) e revisão de literatura utilizando descritores de língua portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola. Será também objeto de estudo a apresentação das políticas nacionais de equidade e de formação em saúde que têm contribuído com o debate da equidade na saúde. A revisão da literatura evidenciou a incipiência de publicação na temática, predominando estudos sobre a inclusão e/ou inserção de determinados grupos populacionais no ensino superior. Identificou-se que a lente da equidade está presente nas DCN de alguns cursos e existem experiências que estão favorecendo a formação. Recomenda-se uma maior defesa da formação em equidade nas instituições de ensino superior no contexto de revisão das DCN a partir da articulação da sociedade civil e de movimentos populares.
Reformulação curricular dos cursos de Terapia Ocupacional: resultados e desafios de um percurso
Authors: Zimmermann Ana Beatriz , Moreira Adriana Belmonte , Silva Derivan Brito da , Jorge Iranise Moro Pereira , Camargo Maria Jose Gugelmin De , Mariotti Milton Carlos , Castanharo Regina Celia Titotto , Pereira Rita Aparecida Bernardi
Published: February 2019

Este artigo relata o processo de reformulação curricular do Curso de Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade Federal do Paraná ocorrido no período de 2013 a 2016. As justificativas para a reformulação foram: a necessidade de alinhamento com as atuais políticas públicas nacionais e os parâmetros nacionais e internacionais para formação profissional. O processo ocorreu de modo participativo e problematizador, culminando em uma matriz curricular delineada por eixos e ênfases específicas, com 3.305 horas distribuídas em cinco anos. A proposta pedagógica contempla a diversidade teórico-prática e didático-metodológica dos docentes. Consideraram-se também: a especificidade da formação em período noturno, o perfil dos estudantes ingressantes, a necessidade de redução nos índices de retenção e evasão, e as mudanças no mercado de trabalho. O desafio agora é a implantação gradativa e a avaliação continuada do novo currículo, de modo a garantir a formação esperada.
Enzymatic Properties and Ryegrass Resistance Mechanism to Iodosulfuron-Methyl-Sodium Herbicide
Authors: MARIANI F. , SENSEMAM S.A. , VARGAS L. , AGOSTINETO D. , ÁVILA L.A. , SANTOS F.M.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT: Ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum)is one of the most worrisome species with regard to herbicide resistance. This study aimed at characterizing the acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme activity of resistant biotypes (NC and AR) and susceptible biotypes to iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium (iodosulfuron). Different concentrations of pyruvate (1, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mM), of iodosulfuron (0 to 100 µM for the resistant biotypes and 0 to 0.5 µM for the susceptible biotype) and concentrations of valine, leucine and isoleucine (0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 mM) were used for the in vitro characterization. According to the results, the Michaelis constant (Km) values (pyruvate) for the assessed biotypes were similar. With iodosulfuron, resistant biotypes needed 395 to 779 times more herbicide in order to inhibit 50% of the enzyme activity, compared to the susceptible biotype. This confirmed a sensitivity modification of the ALS enzyme in the resistant biotypes. The resistant biotypes were less sensitive to the inhibition of the enzyme activity in the presence of the three amino acids. It was possible to conclude that biotype resistance was due to the enzyme insensitivity to iodosulfuron.
Weeds in a Sugar Cane Soil Cultivated with Crotalaria juncea
Authors: OBRADOR-OLÁN J.J. , GARCÍA-LÓPEZ E. , ALMEYDA-SANTOS L.E. , CASTELÁN-ESTRADA M. , CARRILLO-ÁVILA E.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT: Cover crops play an important role in sustainable agriculture, as they decrease soil erosion, promote the incorporation of nitrogen into the soil and reduce or modify weed communities. Aiming at evaluating the changes related to the cultivation and incorporation of sunn crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea L.1753) in a weed community of a soil cultivated with sugarcane, an agro-industrial crop of vital importance to La Chontalpa region, Tabasco, Mexico, an experiment encompassing the cultivation cycle and the incorporation of the dry phytomass of this cover crop was carried out. The treatments included three levels of fertilization and two controls, the plots of the first control were interspersed with those of the treatments, while the second control was placed outside, in order to avoid the shade effect caused by crotalaria. Sampling was carried out monthly, and the data obtained from samplings allowed the calculation of weed diversity and importance value (IVI) indexes, in addition to dry phytomass production values. The results showed that the fertilization did not exert any influence on the composition, diversity or importance of the weeds, factors that were more related to the rainy season, period in which the research on the cultivation, cutting and incorporation of crotalaria into the soil was performed. Although the best represented family was Euphorbiaceae, its species were not among the most important in the community in which Cyperus rotundus L. 1753, Lindernia crustacea (L.) F. Muell. 1882, Scleria setuloso-ciliata Boeckeler 1882, Ageratum houstonianum Mill, 1768 and Acmella repens (Walter) Rich. 1807 stood out. The dry biomass of the weeds showed statistical differences between the plots with and without crotalaria, considering that lower values were observed in the control groups; however, the total dry phytomass production was extremely higher in the cultivated plots, highlighting the importance of using this species as green manure.
Effect of Trinexapac-Ethyl, at Two Application Timings, on the Initial Development of Eucalyptus under Water Deficit
Authors: BACHA A.L. , MARTINS P.F.R.B. , ALVES P.L.C.A. , PAULA R.C.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT: Eucalyptus plants are sensitive to stress during their initial development, and water deficit is the most important one. Thus, the hormetic effect caused by the application of chemical products may be a factor that allows plants to tolerate such stresses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of trinexapac-ethyl on the initial growth of Eucalyptus urophylla (Clone I-144), under water deficiency, at two application timings (before planting - BP; and after planting - AP). Two experiments were conducted simultaneously in a greenhouse for 74 days after planting (DAP) eucalyptus in 15 L pots. Treatments consisted of three trinexapac-ethyl doses (0.0, 30, and 60 g a.i. ha-1) and two water conditions (with and without water deficit). A complete randomized block design was used, in a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement, with five replications. At the BP application timing, trinexapac-ethyl was sprayed at 0 DAP, and at the AP timing, at 24 DAP. In both experiments, plant height, diameter, leaf area, dry matter, total relative chlorophyll content and gas-exchange were evaluated. There was a positive effect for the net CO2 assimilation rate at 27 and 40 DAP, for AP and BP, respectively. Eucalyptus plants, without water deficit, presented higher growth, regardless of the application timing. In conclusion, the application of trinexapac-ethyl before planting caused a positive effect on the height and diameter of eucalyptus; and the application timing influenced, in different ways, the evaluated characteristics, not having harmful effects on any of them.
Criteria for Decision Making and Economic Threshold Level for Wild Radish in Wheat Crop
Authors: TAVARES L.C. , LEMES E.S. , RUCHEL Q. , WESTENDORFF N.R. , AGOSTINETTO D.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT: Weed competition limits wheat yield by reducing the availability of essential resources for its growth and development. In this sense, this study aimed to estimate the economic threshold level (ETL) of wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) in competition with wheat cultivars. Treatments were arranged in a factorial scheme. The factor wheat cultivar consisted of early (BRS 328), medium (BRS 177), and late (BRS Umbu) cycles and the factor wild radish population ranged from 0 to 564 plants m-2 (10 populations) for the cultivar BRS 328, 0 to 472 plants m-2 for the cultivar BRS 177 (11 populations), and 0 to 724 plants m-2 for the cultivar BRS Umbu (10 populations). The early-cycle BRS 328 presented a higher competitive ability when compared to the medium-cycle BRS 177 and late-cycle BRS Umbu. Yield losses of wheat grains due to wild radish interference can be satisfactorily estimated by the rectangular hyperbola model using the variables plant population, shoot dry matter, soil cover, and leaf area of the weed. ETL values varied as a function of the cultivar cycle, being higher for the cultivar BRS 328 (early) > BRS 177 (medium) > BRS Umbu (late). Wild radish is competitive in wheat crop, requiring at least 1.6 plants m-2 for control to be justified.
Leaching of Imidazolinones in Irrigation Systems in Rice Cultivation: Sprinkling and Flooding
Authors: HELGUEIRA D.B. , ROSA T.D , MOURA D.S. , GALON L. , PINTO J.J.O.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT: Herbicides of the imidazolinone group have been used in irrigated rice and presented a long persistence in the soil, especially in floodplain areas with a low drainage, and could cause environmental contamination. This study aims to evaluate the leaching and residual of herbicides belonging to the imidazolinone group in sprinkler and flood irrigation systems. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions, with the application of the herbicides imazethapyr, imazethapyr + imazapic, and imazapyr + imazapic in soil irrigated by flooding and sprinkling. Subsequently, the soil was collected from the layers of 0-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, and 20-25 cm and packed in 500 mL capacity plastic pots in order to sow tomato as a bioindicator plant of the presence of the herbicides belonging to the imidazolinones. Phytotoxicity, length, and shoot dry matter mass of tomato plants were evaluated at 10 and 20 days after emergence. The herbicides of the imidazolinone chemical group presented a high potential for leaching and persistence with effects for more than 180 days after application. Based on the symptoms presented by the sensitive crop, the degradation of imazethapyr, imazethapyr + imazapic, and imazapyr + imazapic in the 0-15 cm layers was higher in soil with sprinkler irrigation when compared to flood irrigation. Thus, non-flooded soils present a greater capacity to degrade the herbicides belonging to the imidazolinone chemical group.
Competitive Capacity and Rhizosphere Mineralization of Organic Matter During Weed-Soil Microbiota Interactions
Authors: MATOS C.C. , COSTA M.D. , SILVA I.R. , SILVA A.A.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT: The competition between weeds and crops is one of the main factors responsible for productivity losses in agricultural fields. This review aimed at presenting and discussing how the interactions between weeds and microorganisms can affect the competitive capacity of weeds and soil physicochemical properties. We also discuss how changes in the elemental stoichiometry of weeds can reflect their competitive and adaptative capacity. Although weeds are more dependent on associations with soil microorganisms than crops for growth, few studies have assessed the contribution of the soil microbiota to their competitive success in agroecosystems. When in competition, plants can change the elemental stoichiometry of their tissues in environments with varied nutrient availability. Elemental stoichiometry of plants has been particularly well studied using ecological approaches on the dynamics of weed populations in natural ecosystems, being a promising tool for understanding weed capacity to adapt to different agricultural managements. Plants control the biogeochemical cycles of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in the rhizosphere through a phenomenon known as the rhizosphere priming effect (RPE). Although this review has found some information in the literature that provides strong indications that the coexistence of weeds and crops may increase soil organic matter mineralization, we are not aware of studies investigating the effects of competition among these plants on RPE.
Interference of Noxious Shrubs on Grazing Behavior by Bovines
Authors: MARCHI S.R. , SILVA H.M. , FERREIRA C.F. , MARQUES R.F. , MORAES J.B.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT: The grazing behavior practice by bovines can be positive or negatively influenced by the pasture structure where the animal is inserted. Several factors determine the pasture structure and the presence of weeds is considered one of the most important. This study aimed to assess the effect of species with and without stiff structures over the grazing behavior of bovines in pasture areas. The experimental design was a split block design with four replications, in which treatments were arranged in a 4 x 3 factorial design: four weed species (Zanthoxylum rhoifolium, Cnidoscolus urens, Dasyphyllum brasiliensis, and Luehea divaricata) associated with three proximity strips of weeds: 0-50, 50-100, and 100-150 cm in relation to the main stem of the studied weed. Forage intake by animals was measured by determining the real forage offers at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 15 days after the beginning of animal grazing (DAP). The presence of noxious shrubs influenced bovine grazing behavior. The influence on the intake is most evident in the presence of plants that promote animal discomfort. The species Z. rhoifolium, C. urens, and D. brasiliensis were the weeds with the greatest influence on feed access among the species that have stiff structures. The negative influence on grazing behavior is higher in the proximity strip closest to the plant, i.e. 0-50 cm from the main stem of the weed.
Panicum maximum cv. Aries Establishment under Weed Interference with Levels of Light Interception and Nitrogen Fertilization
Authors: KRUCHELSKI S. , SZYMCZAK L.S. , DEISS L. , MORAES A.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the establishment of the pasture of Panicum maximum cv. Aries in an environmentally protected area under levels of interspecific interaction with the weed community. The experiment started after sowing P. maximum, and it was carried out in a randomized block design with four replications and the following factors: 3 light interception levels, 2 nitrogen rates, and 7 weekly sampling dates along pasture establishment (3x2x7). The light interception treatments, determined by photosynthetically active radiation, were given by mowing weeds over the canopy of P. maximum at 40% and 70% light interception, and no mowing (uncontrolled growth of weeds and P. maximum). Topdressing application of nitrogen in the form of urea was performed or not (0 or 200 kg N ha-1). The plant community was evaluated by number of species, dry matter accumulation, and density, and phytosociological indices were determined. The relative importance and dry matter accumulation of P. maximum were greater after nitrogen fertilization, which favored the species against weed competition. In contrast, there was lower weed density without nitrogen fertilization. Mowing weeds at 40% of light interception enabled P. maximum to accumulate more dry matter, while there was no difference between mowing weeds at 70% light interception and growing the forage crop freely with weeds. Reducing weed light interception as well as nitrogen fertilization, and consequently reducing the competitive ability of the weed, favored the establishment of P. maximum in diversified agro-ecosystems.
Characterization of didactic and pedagogical training in Brazilian stricto sensu Postgraduate Programs in Nursing
Authors: Zamprogna Katheri Maris , Backes Vânia Marli Schubert , Menegaz Jouhanna do Carmo , Francisco Bruna de Souza
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize the didactic and pedagogical training offered in Brazilian stricto sensu Postgraduate Programs in Nursing. Method: Descriptive, documentary research, based on data from 30 postgraduate programs that offer an academic master’s degree and a PhD degree. We collected the course projects and teaching plans of the disciplines related to didactic and pedagogical training, accessed through the Sucupira Platform or the institutional website. The variables were analyzed by descriptive statistics, through calculations of relative and absolute frequency. Results: Regarding the lines of research of the programs, it was evidenced that 17.4% (n=20) were related to didactic and pedagogical training, 9.4% (n=3) followed this approach and, regarding compulsory didactic and pedagogical disciplines, it was observed that they were expressed differently in the curricula of masters and PhD courses, since part of the masters courses (56.6%, n=17) and of the PhD courses (76.6%, n=23) did not have this requirement. Conclusion: There should be a Brazilian guideline to promote the didactic and pedagogical training of university professors.
First record of Apistogrammoides pucallpaensis Meinken, 1965 (Perciformes, Cichlidae) for Brazil, in addition to fecundity information
Authors: Oliveira Jomara Cavalcante de , Oliveira Jonas Alves de , Rossato Danielle Pedrociane Cavalcante
Published: February 2019

Abstract Aim The objective of this work is to record the occurrence of Apistogrammoides pucallpaensis in Brazilian territory, since so far its distribution is restricted to Peru and Colombia. Methods The collections were carried out in the year of 2013, during the research of ichthyofauna of the region of Auati-Paraná, located in the Mamirauá Reserve in the state of Amazonas. In the floating aquatic vegetation was used net and on the coastal region rapichés. Apistogrammoides is the only one among Geophaginae that has 6-9 spines in the anal fin, while Apistogramma has 3-4. Results Note the presence of three evident mark on the caudal fin and presence of a black stripe on the side of the body that follows from the eye to the caudal peduncle feature thet differentiate the genre. Conclusions This work extends the distribution of A. pucallpaensis being the first record of the species for Brazil.
Biology of non-native species (Rhaphiodon vulpinus Agassiz, 1829) (Characiformes, Cynodontidae) in a cage fish farm area, Upper Paraná River Basin, Brazil
Authors: Orlandi Neto Aymar , Franceschini Lidiane , Manoel Letícia de Oliveira , Veríssimo-Silveira Rosicleire , Delariva Rosilene Luciana , Ramos Igor Paiva
Published: February 2019

Abstract Aim To assess the dietary, populational and parasitological aspects of the non-native wild species Rhaphiodon vulpinus in an area under the influence of cage fish farm, in the Ilha Solteira Reservoir, São Paulo State. Methods Fifty-one specimens of R. vulpinus were captured bimonthly, from September 2014 to August 2016, with gill nets with different mesh sizes, in area surrounding a cage fish farm and area not influenced by this activity. The specimens were quantified and their mass (g) and standard length (cm) measured. The stomachs were analyzed with a stereomicroscope and the food items were quantified using the gravimetric method. The parasites were collected during necropsy and their prevalence, mean intensity of infection and mean abundance were subsequently calculated. Results There were changes in feeding activity regarding the area, with greater numbers of individuals with stomach contents in the areas under the influence of fish farm. However, diet composition did not change between the areas analyzed, with prey represented by small fish, such as Geophagus sveni, and shrimps. In the fish farm area there was also a decrease in abundance and an increase in the total mass of the individuals, while there was no difference in standard length between the areas. In terms of parasitological aspects, low parasitic indexes and the absence of differences between the areas were observed. The first report of the monogenean Notozothecium lamotheargumedoi in the Ilha Solteira reservoir is also presented. Conclusions The cage fish farm affected some aspects of the population and the food intake of R. vulpinus. Furthermore, the parasite-host relationship demonstrated that phylogenetic specificities had a greater effect than aquaculture activity on R. vulpinus in the fish farm area.
Distribution of aquatic macrophytes along depth gradients in Lajeado Reservoir, Tocantins River, Brazil
Authors: Noleto Ester Vieira , Barbosa Marcus Vinícius Moreira , Pelicice Fernando Mayer
Published: February 2019

Abstract Aim The present study investigated the diversity of aquatic macrophytes in the littoral zone of Lajeado Reservoir, Tocantins River. We characterized spatial variations in species richness, composition and abundance along depth gradients. Methods Macrophyte sampling occurred at the end of the dry season (September and October 2014) in four sites of the reservoir. We established transects perpendicular to the shoreline, each 25 m long, divided in 3 sections (plots of 5 x 5 m). Results In total, we recorded 18 taxa of aquatic macrophytes, belonging to nine families and four life forms. Najas microcarpa, Echinodorus tenellus. and Chara sp. were the more frequent and abundant taxa. Considering depth gradients, we recorded 18 taxa in the section closer to the shoreline, 13 in the middle section and 10 in the section more distant to the shoreline. Submerged and emergent species were more frequent and abundant, especially in the section close to the shoreline; epiphytes and free-floating species were rare. Plot species richness (total, emergent and submerged) decreased along the gradient, and a Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) revealed that the plot close to the shoreline had different composition when compared to adjacent sections. Individual species showed particular behaviors, but most tended to decline in abundance and occurrence along the gradient. Conclusions The present study revealed that small-scale environmental gradients affect the distribution of aquatic plants in Lajeado Reservoir, with greater diversity in habitats close to the shoreline.
Возможна ли социология для трудящихся классов сегодня?
Authors: Лыткина Татьяна Степановна , Ярошенко Светлана Сергеевна
Published: February 2019

Татьяна Степановна Лыткина – кандидат социологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, Институт социально-экономических и энергетических проблем Севера Коми НЦ УрО РАН. Адрес: 167982, Сыктывкар, ул. Коммунистическая, д. 26. Е-mail: tlytkina@yandex.ru

Светлана Сергеевна Ярошенко – кандидат социологических наук, доцент, кафедра сравнительной социологии, факультет социологии, Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет. Адрес: 191124, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Смольного, д. 1/3. Е-mail: svetayaroshenko@gmail.com

Цитирование: Лыткина Т.С., Ярошенко С.С. (2019) Возможна ли социология для трудящихся классов сегодня? // Мир России. Т. 28. № 1. С. 101–123. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2019-28-1-101-123

В статье анализируются возможности приращения социологического знания о росте социального неравенства через изучение трудящихся и прежде всего рабочего класса, вынужденного продавать рабочую силу в условиях снижения статуса. Через обращение к истории социологической мысли рассматривается значимость категории социального класса для становления социологии как науки. Данный тезис также проводится через анализ особенностей развития российской социологии в дореволюционный и советский периоды. Выделяется не только отличительная черта российской социологии – противостояние власти и ученых, – но и доказываются маловероятность эволюции общества без социологии и проблематичность развития социологии без общества и знания о его классообразующих механизмах. Настоящее состояние российской социологии характеризуется как инволюционное, связанное с замыканием социологов на своих интересах и  противоречиях. В то время как в условиях глобализации рынка идет поиск компромисса между разными классами и требуется новое обращение к рабочему классу, российские социологи предпочитают творить социологию, пренебрегая интересами рабочих. Доказывается, что исследование текущих процессов в обществе исходя из перспектив рабочего класса способствует сокращению противоречий и может быть полезно как при реконструкции устаревших теорий, так и в разработке новых подходов. Это требует не только объединения усилий социологов в продвижении внутренней критики, но и развития публичной социологии, способствующей диалогу с обществом и лучшему пониманию происходящего.