bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconsidering the Yorùbá Concept of Omolúàbí and the Peaceful Coexistence in the Society
Authors: R.O. Banjo , A.O. Afolaranmi
Published: September 2023

Omolúàbí is a generally accepted character model among the Yorùbá people who are dominantly in the West African sub-region. The virtues of Omolúàbí manifested in character (Ìwà) are such that promote cooperation, solidarity, and interdependence of all interests towards a common goal and harmonious and peaceful relationship among the people. Omolúàbí of African ethics via Yorùbá worldview, though not so watertight, is more humanistic and existentialist in orientation, thereby promoting collective interest, goodwill, and peaceful coexistence. It is from this standpoint that the authors argue that the humanistic basis of Omolúàbí morality is more adequate for achieving Goal 16 of the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations which aims at peace and justice in the society. This paper is a descriptive presentation of the concept of Omolúàbí. It argues that since culture, religion, and education play pivotal roles in the lives of African people, these roles should be engaged in reviving the Omolúàbí virtues and qualities in people to ensure peaceful coexistence. The presentation concludes that reviving and imbibing the culture of Omolúàbí can serve as a heuristic device for achieving a well-ordered peaceful society.
Effectiveness of Web Quest on High Alert Medications upon Knowledge among Nursing Students, Chennai
Authors: Sudhakar Manju , Dhakshinamoorthy Sasikala , Gnanarani Jaslina , Sathya Satchi Nesa
Published: September 2023

Background: Medication safety during administration is a major concern at a global level. Nurses are responsible for administration of HAMs, as incorrect administration can have a significant clinical outcome. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of web quest on high alert medications among nursing students. Methods and Materials: A true experimental research was conducted at Apollo College of Nursing, Chennai, among 100 nursing students selected by total enumerative sampling technique and randomized to control and experimental group (50 in each group) by odd and even method. After obtaining the setting permission and informed consent from participants, data was collected using pretested and validated tools such as background variables proforma of nursing students and multiple choice questionnaire on high alert through Google forms in what’s app and e- mails. The data regarding background variables and pre-test assessment of knowledge on high alert medicationswas obtainedon day 1. Then post test was conducted for the control group on day 3.On day 4, web-quest on high alert medicationswas implemented for the experimental group. On day 5 post-test assessment was conducted for the experimental group. The collected data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: There was a significant difference in post-test mean knowledge scores on high alert medications between control (10.86±4.73) and experiment group (18.97±2.17) of nursing students (t=10.29 at p < 0.001). Conclusion: The present study reveals that web quest is considered as a suitable method to improve the level of knowledge among nursing students.
Evaluation of In-vitro Antioxidant Potential of Bryophillum pinnatum Leaf Juice in Phenyl Hydrazine Treated Goat Erythrocytes
Authors: Krishna O. Sreenivasa , Kumar S. Naveen , Kumar K. Vijay , C. Rajeswari , CH. Akhil
Published: September 2023

Phytochemicals are known to contain a high concentration of therapeutically active principles, which, when consumed in sufficient quantities, can have drug-like effects. Bryophillum pinnatum (Lam.) is a succulent-ethno medicinal xerophyte with a long history of use in traditional Indian medicine. Because reactive oxygen species are the most common etiological factor in many degenerative diseases, controlling them with antioxidants may both treat and prevent disease progression. The current study will look at the ability of fresh leaf juice of Bryophillum pinnatum (Lam.) (FLJBP) to prevent oxidative injury and subsequent hemolysis in goat erythrocytes as a model test system. The catalytic activity of membrane bound enzymes like sodium potassium-ATPase, Ach-Ease, and metabolic enzymes like hexokinase, as well as the NO concentration in goat RBCs, were measured. Phenyl hydrazine was used first, followed by FLJBP at concentrations of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100g/ml. A dose-dependent (PHZ) increase in Pi liberation by hexokinase and Na+/K+ ATPase, as well as increased formation of thiocholine iodide and enhanced NO scavenging potential, has indicated that flip has good anti-oxidant and anti-haemolytic activity. To record the functional food status of Bryophillum pinnatum (Lam.) species, a more rigorous and stringent battery of pharmacological, phytochemical, and bio analytical studies, followed by observational studies in humans, will be conducted.
Impact of Hazardous Chemical compounds on Reproductive System Reported in Sanitary Products
Authors: K. Gaikwad Mayuri , Upadhye Mohini , Borchate Dhanashri , Jankar Nilam
Published: September 2023

Sanitary items include hazardous chemicals that could cause dangerous issues in the future. In this article, emphasis is placed on how sanitary goods containing dangerous chemicals damage the reproductive system and cause a variety of issues, including infertility, ovarian cancer, skin rashes, and skin darkening. unbalanced menstrual cycle. Numerous compounds, including dioxin, voc, furans, phthalates, bisphenols, and others, are included in sanitary goods. Similar safety measures that must be implemented have also been discussed.
THE PROBLEM OF ANALYSIS OF ONOMASTIC UNITS IN "ALPOMISH" AND "BOBURNOMA"
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies, Asqarova Shahnoza
Published: September 2023

Onomastics (Greek onomastics - the art of naming) is a branch of linguistics that studies various nouns, the history of their appearance and change, as well as a collection of all nouns. In some studies, the term "Onomastics" is also used in the meaning of anthroponymy. Onomastics is aimed at identifying and studying non-existent onomastic systems. Onomastics consists of the following sections according to the categories of the objects that received the names: anthroponymics - names of people; toponymy - popular names of geographical objects; theonymics - the names of gods, goddesses, religious-mythical figures and beings according to various religious ideas; zoonymics - (conditional) nouns given to animals; phytonymics - names related to the world of plants, cosmonymics - the names of space regions, galaxies, constellations and others that are spread in scientific communication and internationally; astronomy - studies the names of individual astronomical bodies (planets and stars). Apart from the above, onomastics has several branches. Onomastics includes real names (names of previously existing objects) and phonemes (names of imaginary objects).
ZAHIRAD-DIN MUHAMMAD BABUR'S WORKS IN THE WORLD MANUSCRIPT FUNDS
Authors:   Alisher Navoi State Literature Museum, Jo'raboyev Otabek
Published: September 2023

The scientific problem posed in the article is the distribution of manuscripts of the works of Zahirad-Din Muhammad Babur around the world, their number, current state and from what aspects they are studied. Goals and objectives have completed and comprehensive information about the scientific and literary heritage of this great creator, including his manuscripts, and, if necessary, to promote the idea of creating a database. Based on the foregoing, this article talks about the number of manuscripts of the works of Zahirad-Din Muhammad Babur in the book funds of Uzbekistan and the world. And also, their storage locations, scientific descriptions and published catalogs. The exact number, status and scientific descriptions of manuscripts of Babur's works in world book collections are discussed. It was also emphasized that a complete comparative text should be created by comparing copies of the manuscripts of his divan and “Aruz risolasi”.
EXPLORING THE NOTEBOOK "SOURCES OF BABUR" BY ABDULLA NOSIROV (Main Fund of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 13395)
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Madaliyeva Oysara
Published: September 2023

This article examines the structure and content of "Sources about Babur," a seminal notebook compiled by A. Nosirov. This notebook, preserved in the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, meticulously catalogs manuscripts, lithographs, and newspaper excerpts related to Zahir ad-Din Muhammad Babur's life and work. Spanning nearly five decades of research, it offers a comprehensive overview of Babur's legacy up to 1985, exemplifying a scholarly approach to his heritage.
UZBEK HISTORICAL NARRATIVES INSPIRED BY THE “BABURNAMA”
Authors:   Alisher Navoi' Tashkent State university of Uzbek language and literature, Bozorova Sabohat
Published: September 2023

Uzbekistan's journey toward independence prompted a profound reevaluation of its social, political, and spiritual landscape. This era witnessed a redefinition of literary concepts and criteria, leading to a more precise portrayal of history in literary works. Notably, these changes also influenced the storytelling genre, catalyzing its evolution. During this transformation, themes of freedom, national liberation, resistance against colonialism, and unwavering faith emerged as central narratives, previously considered too risky to explore in Uzbek literature. Instead, they became emblematic of national heroism. Understanding history became synonymous with self-awareness, with “Baburnama” by Babur, the founder of the Babur dynasty, serving as a faithful historical account. Inspired by “Boburnoma” Uzbek writers crafted unique narratives that continue to captivate readers. This study explores Uzbek historical narratives, drawing from the rich records within “Boburnoma”.
FABRICATION OF LEGITIMATION IN THE KHOKAND KHANATE UNDER THE REIGN OFUMAR-KHAN (1810–1822): PALACE MANUSCRIPT OF “BAKHTIYAR-NAMA” DAQAYIQI SAMARQANDI AS A SOURCE FOR THE LEGEND OF ALTUN BISHIK
Authors:   Fellow of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Erkinov Aftandil
Published: September 2023

Khokand Khanate (1709–1876) becomes the independent state at Umar khan’s (1810–1822) reign. In this situation legitimation was fabricated basing on the legend of Altun Bishik (“The Golden Cradle”). It tells that Babur allegedly left his son in golden cradle. The creation of dynasty of Kokand khans is based on the legend. The legend is given in the court historical work Mushrif Isfaragi “Shah nama-yi Umar khani” (“Umar-khan’s King’s Book”). On my supervision a legend about Altun Bishik was created on the basis of the general plot of the treatise “Bakhtiyar nama” (“[The Book About] Bakhtiyar”) of Daqayiqi Marwazi Samarqandi (12th–13thc.). There is a manuscript of the given work with the personal seal of ‘Umar khan.
INTEGRATIVE APPROACH IN THE INTERPRETATION OF “BABURNAMA”
Authors:   Alisher Navoi' Tashkent State university of Uzbek language and literature, Jo'rayeva Gulnoza
Published: September 2023

In the article, we will analyze the process of integration and the principles of integration in the study of the creative heritage of Zahirad-Din Muhammad Babur, more precisely, in teaching of the work "Baburnama", and its interdisciplinarity.
THE ISSUES OF STUDYING "BABURNAMA" IN LITERARY EDUCATION
Authors:   Khojand State University named after Bobojon Gafurov, Fayzulloyev Baxtiyor
Published: September 2023

Thisarticle focuses on the issue of using the alternative version in the study of “Baburnama” in literary education.
BABURI LETTER AND THE QUR'AN WRITTEN IN IT: DISCOVERY, PRELIMINARY STUDIES
Authors:   Alisher Navoi' Tashkent State university of Uzbek language and literature, Xudoyberdiyev Jo'ra
Published: September 2023

The “Baburi letter” compiled by Zahirad-Din Muhammad Babur has significant role in the history of Turkish culture,science, and the study of alphabets. The first information about “Baburi letter” was given in “Baburnama”. Using this alphabet, Babur sent letters and samples of his works to his relatives and children. The Holy Qur’an was copied in this alphabet. The holy Qur'an copied by Babur was discovered in Mashhad, Iranian city and this led to the creation of many studies.
SOME CONSIDERATION ABOUT THE AZERBAIJANI TRANSLATIONS OF “BABURNAME”
Authors:   Institute of Uzbek language, literature and folklore of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, O‘tanova Sirdaryoxon
Published: September 2023

There is discussed about two editions of “Boburname” which translated into Azerbaijani in 2011. Translators are Ramiz Askar and Fuzuliy Bayot. They made these translations based on a number of “Boburnomeh” manuscripts Russian and Turkish translations and publications that published before their creation in different years and various countries. There have been taken into consideration structure of translation books, potential of authors, achievements and shortcomings in thiswork. Also, some passages from the translation of both authors are also compared and tried to evaluate them. In article is discussed the need of translating “Boburnameh” from Chigatay-Turkic language into Azerbaijani belonging to the group of Turkic languages.
BABUR STUDİES İN TÜRKİYE: A DESCRİPTİVE STUDY ON PHD AND MASTER'S DİSSERTATİONS
Authors:   RTÜK Strategy Development Department, Akalin Ahmet
Published: September 2023

Babur Empire, founded by Gazi Zahirad-Din Muhammad Babur Shah, also known as the Gurkani State, is considered one of the 16 largest Turkic states established in history. With this aspect, this state founded by Babur in South Asia attracts the attention of researchers.In this context, the number of master's and doctoral theses written in universities in Turkiye about the Babur State, including Babur and his sons and grandsons after him, the departments in which these theses were written and their contents have been a matter of curiosity. This research is limited to the number and areas of the theses in question.This study is important in terms of presenting the academic studies about Babur, who established an empire that includes countries such as India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan, which constitute a significant part of the world's population. In this study, it is aimed to present quantitative data about the theses written in Türkiye.Literature review, which is one of the qualitative research techniques, was used as a method in the study and quantitative data were obtained by making use of the thesis query feature on the website of the Council of Higher Education (YOK). These theses are classified under titles such as the number of theses, their distribution by years, the status of being a master's or doctoral thesis, and the universities they were written in.
MASNAVIY IN THE CREATION OF NAVAI AND BABUR
Authors:   Alisher Navoi' Tashkent State university of Uzbek language and literature, Abdulhakimova Yulduz
Published: September 2023

Eastern classical literature cannot be imagined without the scientific and literary heritage left by two great figures Alisher Navoi and Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur. Their works give spirit and soul to Turkish literature, and today they continue to lead the literature of Turkic nations. Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur had a very high respect for Alisher Navoi. He writes: "I lived in Herat in Alisherbek's house. Every day I used to see places of the city that I had not seen myself.
A Research on Patient Satisfaction in Primary Health Care Services: The Case of Bilecik Province
Authors: SEMİZ Tarık , ÖZKARA Nadir
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study is to determine whether patient satisfaction in Bilecik province is affected by personal factors, characteristics of the health institution and the quality of the health service provided within the scope of family medicine practice. The data collection method in the study was carried out with face-to-face and web-based questionnaires. The data collection process was carried out between 1-28 February 2021. The prepared questionnaire forms were printed on paper and also transferred to the website. The address of the website was shared via the internet. As a result of data collection, 406 valid questionnaire forms were obtained. The questionnaire consists of three sections. Under the heading of demographic information; gender, marital status, educational status, occupational information, social security, total monthly income of the household, the reason for applying to the family physician and the first person to whom the health problem is applied when encountered are included. 3 questions are included in the section ''Level of knowledge about family medicine practice''. The next stage is on ''Evaluation of service places''. There are 3 questions under the heading ''Evaluation of procedures''. There are 5 questions under the title ''Evaluation of family medicine'', 2 questions under the title ''Evaluation of family health personnel'' and 5 questions under the title ''Evaluation of family medicine services''. Finally, a section has been reserved for the participants to indicate the issues that they would like to specify about the family medicine service.

According to the results of the research; 53% of the participating patients were male and 47% were female, accordingly, it was determined that the majority of the employees participating in the research were male. It was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between the difference in the gender of the patients and their level of satisfaction with the family medicine system. In addition to these, it has been concluded that there is a statistically significant difference between the different ages of the patients and their satisfaction levels with the family medicine system, and that the satisfaction levels of the patients increase with increasing age. It has been determined that there is a statistically significant difference between the marital status of the patients and their satisfaction levels with the family medicine system and that married patients have higher satisfaction levels with family medicine than single patients.
الترجمة وفعل استكتاب التاريخ الوطني: ترجمات أبو العيد دودو أبو القاسم سعد هللا عبد هللا الركيبي أنموذجا
Authors: حمودي محمد
Published: September 2023

Translation and the act of writing national history: translations Abu al-Eid Dodo Abu al-Qasim Saad Allah-Abdullah Al-Rukaibi as a model

Since the matter required us to rewrite our history, and it was difficult for us to find national sources, as is the case for some other peoples, and even if they existed, they were written by foreign authors, and were characterized by the mutilation, distortion and total obliteration of historical facts and events related to our identity, ancestors and their great exploits, translation is the alternative. The objective of writing our great history is what Abu al-Eid Doudou, Abdullah al-Rakibi, Abu al- Qasim Saadallah and others did. Translation is a cognitive act before it is a work on language, or travels between languages, it is a mediator of interaction between cultures, or a crossing between cultures and at the same time it is a channel of knowledge of identity, the identity of nations whose civilization and history embodied it, and a nation without history, without strength, it has neither a present nor a future. The act of identity and the principle of feeling patriotism and affiliation pushed Abu Eid, Al-Rakibi, and Saadallah to know the history of Algeria, away from the tongue that ruled its dominance over Algerian people for a period of time. There is nothing wrong as long as it provides us with an addition to writing our glorious history through a different tongue in which some of its elements adhered to some integrity and honest transmission of historical events. Abu al-Eid Doudou became aware that translation strengthens cultural patriotism and constitutes the borders that separate languages, societies, systems and minds, so he sought to translate many literary and historical resources, including what Western travelers wrote during their visit to Algeria from the Ottoman presence to the revolution of liberation and shortly after. He is also credited with the fairness of many Algerian personalities who were subjected to distortion, led by Prince Abdul Qadir, by some haters of Algeria, Arabs and Islam all what constitute national unity.
Assia Djebar : L’art D’écrire L’histoire
Authors: Grine Medjad Fatima
Published: September 2023

Assia Djebar: The Art of Writing Hitory

This article is based on the idea that the aesthetic view of a writer is firmly linked to his vision of the meaning of ethics. It is more particularly interested in tracing the thread of thoughts in some of Assia Djebar's novels while focusing on the factor of synchronizing historical periods. In this sense, the present work refers to the situation of women before, during, and after independence. The author focuses on the positivism that we must attach to the status of the Algerian woman; it brings to life special and delicate moments of long years of struggle against colonial forces where women indeed played a key role on the path to independence. In fact, in a critical eye, we can filter through the works that Djebar aims much more at a reconsideration of the position of women not really in the distant past but also in the present which dictates many necessary changes based on these historical data. In fact, the reader is invited to add his touch while starting with the present sociocultural data and practices because indeed a novel is written with the aim of being invented and reinvented throughout time. The article therefore exposes the way of writing of the author who brings back in the same container her literary but also historical vision; its plurivocal symbolic style which is intended as a means for the transmission of the message of silence in the Algerian society but also similar societies that resemble ours. Through this analysis, the author explores the way in which the writer puts herself there to expose us her world to her that she generates for the readers so that they relive through these histories of real lives and she actually succeeded in doing it very well. In conclusion, the article tries to bring to light the way that Assia Djebar uses to transfigure a whole system of values and ethics towards a quest for reality.
Le ludique comme stratégie d’enseignement/apprentissage en classe de langue
Authors: Meguenni Lahreche Amel
Published: September 2023

Effectiveness of Play as a Teaching Strategy in language learning/teaching

Nowadays, teaching not only pushes the human factor as a mediation tool. Current approaches to teaching the languages refocused learner advocated using all kinds of media including ICT and highlight transferable skills that aim objective of effective teaching to help the formation of the citizen of tomorrow. The language class becomes a privileged school space where different classroom practices intermingle, with particular interest given to playful, to ICT, etc. Faced with a rich and diverse range, use a fun class FLE support would be welcome. Playful synonymous with flexibility, efficiency and above all fun. The aesthetic pleasure of a nice support, added to the sensual pleasure to handle it does no harm, and to mark the activity of an emotional imprint: the learner will remember all the better of a grammar rule, structure of a language, a vocabulary word, a sequence of interaction, can there reattach the memory of objects and concrete activities in which he participated. Theorists of the various disciplines, educators, teachers often speak of the pleasure of learning. Hope that the learner can take in some beautiful movement fun activity can add one can take the teacher when he finds included the playful dimension with profit in the heart of a personalized teaching approach, free from marked paths manuals but quite free to return. Therefore, the fun is able to become a full-fledged educational strategy that when teachers will be real actors of their practice, and not mere performers.
Crosslinguistic Influence during Second Language Acquisition: The Reasons behind
Authors: Ghlamallah Nahed Rajaa
Published: September 2023

This paper deals with the reasons behind Crosslinguistic Influence (CLI) during the acquisition of an L2, namely English. Based on theoretical concepts and empirical data, this work briefly (a) reviews what is currently known about CLI and (b) outlines some of the factors triggering such a phenomenon. While some scholars explain CLI according to internal (linguistic/cognitive) factors, others consider external (cultural/environmental) aspects as a real insight into Second Language Acquisition. This analysis aims at (a) comprehending CLI during English language acquisition, (b) understanding Algerian learners of English by investigating a process they go through and (c) delimiting the causes of CLI. The latter is investigated from different perspectives in order to target what may enhance or delay some linguistic deviations in English production and comprehension.
De la Logistique au Supply Chain Management
Authors: Ferrahi Abdelhakim
Published: September 2023

From Logistics to Supply Chain Management A Necessity of Transition

The objective of this article is to reveal the double aspect of supply chain management, both operational and strategic. Through this research work, we will try to make a general approach aiming at an epistemological anchoring of the concept raised, while trying to highlight its movement in order to demonstrate its foundation and its diversity of origin. We carried out at the end of our theoretical analysis, a general study on the theoretical approach of the management of the supply chain according to the criteria resulting from the characteristics of evolution of this concept, bringing a particular lighting to the latter. In relation to our subject, the contribution of our study lies in the contribution of elements aimed at redirecting the reflection around the SCM, and in highlighting the imminence of the transition from standard logistics to an integrated management of logistics, by integrating information and communication technologies, within a logic of inter-organizational cooperation, based on trust, integrity and commitment.
British Colonialism and Nationalism in Uganda 1946-1960s
Authors: Benabdi Farouk
Published: September 2023

Uganda is known for having been a British protectorate for decades. The evolution of its colonial history makes it an exception in comparison with the other African colonies under British monopoly. Indeed, when the British came to the area, they could establish strong relations with the natives, in particular the powerful Bugandans, easing their establishment. However, resistance was organized and led to the outbreak of nationalism. Therefore, this paper is a tentative attempt to show how the British settled down in the area, how Ugandan nationalism rose and the extent of its success.
Developing Learners’ Writing Performance through an Integrative Grammar Teaching Model
Authors: Hoadjli Ahmed Chaouki , Lahlouhi Sara
Published: September 2023

Considerably, writing is a complex task that requires the integration of multiple cognitive, linguistic, and motor abilities. It involves both low-level transcription skills (handwriting, spelling, punctuation, capitalisation, and grammar) and high-level composition skills (planning, content, organisation, and revision). In this regard, second year university learners at the section of English often take a “written expression” course backed up with tutorial classes to help learners master the different writing techniques and styles. However, many learners struggle in the writing process and end up producing pieces of writing that are ineffective or even incomprehensible showing poor mastery of language usage. Most of the time, learners have good ideas and knowledge of the way paragraphs or essays should be organised. In such a case, the ineffectiveness that characterises learners’ written products is grammar- related. To account for the reasons behind these problems, we hypothesised that the currently used grammar teaching method might not be effective leading to such a shortage in learners’ knowledge and skills. As a remedy to this anomaly, we have proposed the Integrative Grammar Teaching Method (IGM) as a model of grammar teaching. The analysis and interpretation of the collected data revealed that IGM could help learners develop their writing performances. Likewise, it has confirmed that teaching grammar in the context of writing and including learners in the process of rules formation is more likely to help them use grammar correctly and appropriately in the process of writing producing more legible and correct written products. Therefore, we could conclude that the previously stated hypotheses were confirmed and the findings were supportive and positive.
Interkulturelles Lernen im DaF- Unterricht in Algerien: Zustand und Perspektiven
Authors: Nouah Mohamed
Published: September 2023

Intercultural learning in German Language Classroomin Algeria: Situation and perspectives

Since the beginning of the 20th Century till now, teaching foreign languages has been giving a great importance to foreign languages learning and cultures. At the same time, the objective of teaching is not limited to improving oral competencies only, but to focusing also on understanding and perceiving foreign cultures by means of "intercultural learning". Intercultural learning, as a teaching-learning process, serves as a means that links between knowledge, information, foreign cultures and languages in order to meet the learning conditions that play a great role in developing "the Intercultural learning-teaching process. The objective of this communication does not merely showcase the huge importance of intercultural learning and teaching but also focuses on the successful impact they have on the way German Courses (Lesson) are given in Algeria’s language schools and institutes as well as the challenges that face them, thus suggesting new techniques that may improve the quality of learning-teaching process.
Protestant Fundamentalists’ Political Theology in the Evolution-Creationism Controversy in America’s Public Schools
Authors: Cheriet Khenssa
Published: September 2023

The controversy in American public education over the issue of teaching evolution-creationism is one of the nation’s most serious undertakings. While Protestant fundamentalists exhibited strong opposition against all aspects of modernism, Darwin’s theory has succeeded to prevail in the scientific circles. The result was a long-lasting contention over teaching either evolution or creationism in America’s classrooms. The duty of this article is to examine American Protestant fundamentalists’ strategy to interdict the teaching of Darwin’s theory. On this account, major Supreme Court cases, various legal decisions, and embedded networks of organizations which aim to support creationism can highlight their option to transfer their rejection of evolution to the political field. Consequently, we assert that Protestant fundamentalists in America opted to shift to politics in order to stop Darwin’s theory from mushrooming in America’s public schools. Therefore, we may call in question the reason behind their shift in an attempt to resolve the conflict over teaching evolution or creationism. In this humble article we seek to provide a new understanding to this conflict by connecting its roots to the political theology of Protestant fundamentalists in America.
A Critical Evaluation of Venuti’s Domestication and Foreignization Theory of Translation
Authors: Chouit Abderraouf
Published: September 2023

The primary objective of this paper is to introduce, examine, and critically evaluate Venuti’s domestication and foreignization theory of translation in terms of power relations and cultural encounters. Domestication and foreignization are seen as two discordant translation tendencies in the sense that the first one involves adopting a fluent and transparent style in translation, by replacing all the unfamiliar elements with domestic variants in order to reduce the foreignness of the source text and help the target reader approach it with ease and familiarity, whereas the latter retains the foreign aspects of the original text and ignores the target reader’s potential comprehension difficulties. The controversial issue over domestication and foreignization has been the crux of contention in the translation circle for a very long time. In fact, these two strategies are still creating theoretical discussions and springing up heated debates among translation scholars. This article comes to the conclusion that such controversy cannot possibly be resolved by considering which is better than the other or which one has the priority over the other. Rather, these two strategies should be regarded as a continuum that provides heuristic tools for translators to help them successfully overcome the various cultural hindrances in translation.
Political Debate Over the Reform of the American Health Care System: The Case of “Obamacare”
Authors: Mahboub Oussama
Published: September 2023

The reform of the American health care system and its magnitude has always been a contested issue between the Democrats and Republicans. In this respect, the political struggle over health care repair has intensified during the enactment and implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) adopted by President Barack Obama. In an attempt to analyze the polarization concerned with this system’s reform, particularly the ACA as a case study, this paper employs the metaphor theory introduced by the American cognitive linguist George Lakoff. This theory utilizes the metaphor of “nation as family” to refer to the two major ideologies composing the American political spectrum, namely liberalism and conservatism. Through employing a Lakoffian model of family-based morality, this paper seeks to provide a careful examination of the liberals’ tolerant and empathetic standpoint towards public health care expansion on the one hand, and the conservatives’ commitment to anti-ACA welfare provisions on the other hand. Accordingly, it attempts to explore areas of debate including universalizability of health care access, the interference with the market, and the issue of abortion and contraception. My paper draws the conclusion that the Democrats’ unlimited approval of the ACA and Republicans’ vehement resistance to it stem from principled moral choice rather than mere partisanship.
Role of Translators and Interpreters in Global Business
Authors: Shiyab Said
Published: September 2023

This paper explores the effect of globalization on the translation industry and the demands it places on translators. The paper argues that translators are not only individuals with some knowledge of the source or target language, but they also often act as mediators between the discourse of the source culture and the discourse of the target audience. To be a successful translator, one has to possess the knowledge of both the general culture of the target audience, specialized knowledge within the domain of that particular text, and perfect knowledge of the target language, not to mention the ability to detect any particularities in the source text and language. The article argues for the imperative of equipping modern interpreters and translators with a set of extra-linguistic assets imposed by the modern economic structure of the world. The paper traces back the history of the English language as an example of the domineering linguistic power that has been solidified by socio-political and economic status leading up to considering it a globalized code. The outcome of this universal metamorphosis has reached such a point that it requires from people worldwide and namely in specific areas of trade to adapt to these exigencies. In this sense, global and business exchanges cannot be successfully realized without a strong probability of understanding the message issuing from the other. Hence the need to create interlinguistic agents that are able to minimize the existing nuances between people of the world primarily for universal economic reasons. Those people are supposed to reach beyond the linguistic requirements for the act of translation and to embrace the demands of the specific business field or area which in is in itself a part of competency within the boundaries of modern training impositions. The article contends as well for the need on the part of modern translators to embrace modern technological innovations that are supposed to be shielded to support the human trials to bring in concrete shape poles-apart nations. In a globalized world, technology invades all life domains where translation studies are no exception. The paper concludes by suggesting strategies for translators to position themselves as assets to their organization and to counteract the belief that anyone with language experience can translate.
Local Languages Dynamics during COVID-19 Times in Cameroon
Authors: Delmon Djomeni Gabriel
Published: September 2023

This paper attempts to show that the surge of a world pandemic known as COVID-19 has allowed the local languages of Cameroon to supplant the official languages, English and French in their daily use to fight against the pandemic or to prevent the population from the threat. To reach the people at the grassroots, local languages have been used as the main channel. The pandemic is therefore looked at as a contributor to the dynamics of small languages, mainly in Cameroon, favouring their greater use for better communication and sensitisation. Relying on the community-based approach, triggered by personal observation and community involvement, the paper demonstrates that COVID-19 has allowed the enrichment of the local languages or national languages of Cameroon with new words, and has vivified their use in an environment where they are dominated by some world killer languages like English and French. The paper concludes that the dynamics of the local languages would also benefit a lot from an interconnectedness among language committees and health care specialists who will develop entangled discourses in the local languages to reach a larger majority of peoples at the grassroots, and by doing so, creating more new words that will perpetuate the lexical dynamics of the involved languages.
Metaphors Are Missing: Critique of Arabic Translation Strategies of Gendered Metaphors
Authors: Sabra Nour Elhoda A. E.
Published: September 2023

This article falls within the broad area of translation studies in the context of feminist translation. It focuses on the strategies employed in translating gendered metaphors, and it carries out a critical analysis of gendered metaphors translation in Doris Lessing’s novel The Cleft (2007) and its two Arabic translations. The first translation is done by Mohamed Darwish under the title (The Female) (Al- Ūntha) 2008 and published by Mohamed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum Foundation. The second translation is done by Mohamed Ibrahim Al Abdalla under the title (The Rift) (Al- Ṣād)) 2012 and published by the Arab Writers Union. The article focuses on and examines the cases where the translation of gendered metaphor presents challenge to Arab translator because of cultural differences. It argues that the areas where the translation of unconventional gendered metaphor challenges target culture deserve attention and need to be examined. The article offers a critique of the translation strategies employed by Arab translators for these unconventional metaphors. The article argues that gendered metaphors that appeared in feminist literary works invites different translation strategies when it is translated from English into Arabic. The article shows to what extant feminism values and agenda are reflected in Gendered metaphors that are developed by female writers. The analysis of translation strategies that Arab translators utilised in their translations of these metaphors intends to show which strategy is able to ensure a balanced representation of the author's and the translator's voices and render gendered non-traditional images in different cultures. The study vouches for hybridity as a strategy in translating gendered metaphors from English into Arabic, the article argues that Arab translators who are dealing with verbal gendered metaphor might need to adopt new approaches/ translation strategies to render the purpose of these metaphors in a different culture and bridges the gap in feminism discourse.
Self-Efficacy Scale for Turkish Lesson: A Study of Validity and Reliability
Authors: TAŞKIN Yusuf
Published: September 2023

A significant role is played by the idea of self-efficacy, which involves students' perceptions of their unique skills and ability to do well in Turkish lectures. The purpose of this study is to create a measurement tool that is both valid and reliable for assessing secondary school students' self-efficacy toward Turkish language instruction. In the 2022–2023 academic year, 420 kids who are enrolled in the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth grades at four different public secondary schools in Aksaray city center make up the study group. The package applications AMOS 24.00 and SPSS 22.00 were used to analyze the data. To test the scale's construct validity, factor analysis was done. The exploratory factor analysis produced a 4-factor scale with 23 items as a result. A total of 52.088% of the variance is explained by the scale. The scale's 4-factor structure was verified by confirmatory factor analysis. The fit indices derived by confirmatory factor analysis were found to exhibit satisfactory or outstanding fit. The reliability of the scale's items was evaluated using analyses, and it was found that the scale's Cronbach's Alpha internal consistency coefficient was .89. The research's findings demonstrate that the scale that was created in response to them is a reliable and valid measurement tool for assessing secondary school students' self-efficacy toward Turkish courses. The self-efficacy of fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth-grade pupils toward Turkish classes can be assessed using this scale.
Primary Education Institutions in the Centre of Kastamonu during and after the Tanzimat Period
Authors: BOYRAZ Ekrem Zahid
Published: September 2023

Education can be defined as the process of disciplining the cognitive and psychomotor skills innate in the individual with certain methods. The skills revealed in the individual begin to be shaped by internal and external stimuli during infancy. Thus, awareness is formed in the behaviours exhibited over time. With the socialisation process, especially external stimuli provide a definite basis for the individual’s behaviour on the individual-environment axis. The aim of social and political organisations may be to regulate the individual-environment relationship on an ideal ground and with a system of rules. In this context, educational institutions created for the benefit of society support the individual in cognitive terms and carry out activities to make psychomotor behaviours more aware. The historical memory of education can guide educators in the past, present and future cycle at the point of always achieving the better in the act of educating. In addition, examining the historical antecedents of local educational institutions will contribute to the construction of educational institutions today and to prepare individuals for the future with hope. In this study, it is aimed to introduce the primary educational institutions opened in the provincial centre of Kastamonu during and after the Tanzimat period, namely sıbyan mektepleri (elementary schools), iptidailer (primary schools) and rüştiyeler (secondary schools). Also, information about the establishment process of the schools, curricula, teaching materials, administrators and teachers of the institutions will be discussed.
Determination of Critical Thinking Dispositions and Communication Skills of Gifted Middle School Students
Authors: KAYMAKCI Güliz , ŞAHİN DÜĞENCİ Nurver , KORKMAZ Nurgül
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the study is to determine the critical thinking dispositions and communication skills of gifted students, and to investigate whether these students’ critical thinking dispositions and communication skills vary significantly by some demographic variables. This study used the descriptive survey model. The sample, which was determined by using maximum variation sampling, consists of 326 gifted students attending BİLSEMs. To collect data, the “California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory”, the “Communication Skills Evaluation Scale” with “Information Form” were used. In the analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and correlation analysis techniques were employed. It was seen that the critical thinking level of the students is medium and communication skills level is high. Their critical thinking does not vary significantly by the variables of gender, birth order, grade level and family type. However, their level of critical thinking was determined to vary significantly by the variables of the number of siblings and mother’s/father’s education level. Their communication skills vary significantly by the variables of gender, grade level, mother’s/father’s education level and the number of siblings but does not vary significantly by the variables of birth order and family type.
Preschool Teachers' Sense of Humor and Children's Appreciation of Humor
Authors: ESKİDEMİR MERAL Seda , GÖK Elif
Published: September 2023

This study, which was conducted with 364 preschool children and 47 preschool teachers in order to determine the relationship between preschool teachers' sense of humor and children's appreciation of the value of humor in their classrooms, is a relational survey model. The data of the study were collected with "Personal Information Form", "Multidimensional Sense of Humor Scale- Updated Turkish Form" used to determine teachers' sense of humor, "Humor Observation Form'' prepared by the researcher to determine children's appreciation of the value of humor, and "Humor Observation Form" and used with a 5-minute video with examples suitable for the stages in Paul McGhee's humor development theory. It was determined that preschool teachers' sense of humor was at a good level, and there was no significant difference between teachers' sense of humor and teachers' age, class size, and age of children in their classes. It was determined that the sense of humor of teachers with a seniority of 11-15 years was significantly higher than those with a seniority of 16 years and above. It was determined that children's appreciation of the value of humor was at a moderate level, and there was no significant difference between the gender of the children and both their appreciation of the value of humor and their level of finding the video funny. It was determined that there was a significant difference between the ages of the children and both their appreciation of the value of humor and their level of finding the video funny. 61-72 month old children's levels of appreciating the value of humor and finding the video funny were higher than 48-60 month old children. It was determined that there was no significant relationship between teachers' sense of humor and children's appreciation of humor.