Relationship between Parameters of Adipokine and Lipid Profiles in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors:   Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Koteliukh Mariia 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Nowadays, it becomes topical to search for methods of diagnosis and treatment for polymorbid patients. The importance of the study on pathophysiological mechanisms of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has been shown. The aim of the study: to examine the relationship between adipokine and lipid profiles in AMI patients with the presence or absence of type 2 DM. Material and methods. The study was conducted over a period from September 1, 2018 to December 31, 2020. A total of 134 patients with ST-segment elevation AMI in the presence or absence of type 2 DM aged 58.97 ± 7.92 years hospitalized in the intensive care unit of Government Institution “L.T. Malaya Therapy National Institute of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine” and Kharkiv Railway Clinical Hospital No. 1 of the branch “Center of Healthcare” were enrolled in the study. Group 1 included 74 patients with AMI and type 2 DM aged 59.42 ± 7.66 years. Group 2 (comparison group) comprised 60 patients with AMI without type 2 DM aged 58.42 ± 8.25 years. The control group consisted of 20 otherwise healthy individuals. Serum concentrations of fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) and C1q/TNF-related protein 3 (CTRP3) of patients were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were analyzed by peroxidase enzymatic method. Triglyceride (TG) levels were measured by enzymatic colorimetric method. The atherogenic index was calculated by the A.M. Klimov formula. The levels of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were estimated by the Friedewald formula. Results and discussion. The patients in Group 1 were found to have higher levels of serum TG in comparison with Group 2 patients (р<0.05). In groups 1 and 2, there was an upward tendency in the levels of TC and LDL (р>0.05), as well as a significant 4.04 and 2.92 times increase in VLDL, respectively, as compared to the control group (p<0.05). The serum levels of FABP4 were significantly increased, while CTRP3 levels were decreased in AMI patients compared to those in otherwise healthy individuals (р<0.05). In AMI patients with type 2 DM (group 1), an inverse correlation was found between FABP4 and VLDL (r = 0.502, p<0.05), TG (r = 0.596, p<0.001); between CTRP3 and TC (r = -0.507, p<0.05), LDL (r = -0.512, p<0.05). In patients with AMI (group 2), an inverse correlation was revealed between FABP4 and VLDL (r = 0.453, p = 0.006), TG (r = 0.439, p = 0.009); between CTRP3 and TC (r = -0.413, p = 0.001), LDL (r = -0.429, p = 0.01). Conclusions. The characteristics of changes in the FABP4 and CTRP3 serum levels are evidence of an adipokine metabolism imbalance in AMI with the presence or absence of type 2 DM, indicating a metabolic shift in this patient category. The relationship between lipid profile markers and FABP4 and CTRP3 may indicate the influence of the latter on lipid metabolism.