bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Compulsive Sexual Behavior Among Treatment-Seeking Women
Authors: Kowalewska Ewelina , Gola Mateusz , Lew-Starowicz Michał , Kraus Shane W.
Published: May 2022

Background

Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder is currently included in the forthcoming eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11); however, prior studies have been conducted mostly on heterosexual, White/European male samples.

Aim

To examine the correlates of compulsive sexual behaviors (CSB) with sociodemographic and sexual history characteristics, as well as predictors of CSB in a sample of treatment-seeking Polish women.

Methods

Six hundred seventy-four (674) Polish women aged 18–66 completed an online-based survey.

Outcomes

Polish adaptation of the Sexual Addiction Screening Test-Revised (SAST-PL) was used to assess the severity of CSB symptoms. Brief Pornography Screen was used to measure problematic pornography use. The bivariate associations between SAST-PL scores and demographic and sexual history characteristics were also examined. A linear regression analysis was performed to identify variables related to the severity of CSB symptoms.

Results

Thirty one percent (31.8%) of women in the studied sample reported treatment seeking for CSB in the past. Problematic pornography use was the strongest predictor of CSB symptoms. Higher severity of CSB symptoms were observed among divorced/separated and single women compared to those who were married or in informal relation. Severity of CSB was positively related to the number of sexual partners during the last year, number of dyadic sexual intercourse during the last 7 days, and negatively associated with age of first sexual intercourse.

Clinical Implications

Our results suggest that CSB is a significant concern among women and more research is needed to identify protective (eg, relationship status) and risk (eg, problematic pornography use, number of past year sexual partners, frequency of past week masturbation) factors associated with CSB symptom severity among treatment-seeking women.

Strengths & Limitations

Our study is one of very few investigating predictors of CSB among women. Given the lack of precise estimates of the prevalence, as well as lack of psychometrically validated instruments measuring CSB in women, present findings should not be considered indicative of CSB prevalence among Polish women.

Conclusion

The lack of clinical data on women reporting issues with CSB remains an important target for future clinical research exploration.
The Kantian Federation
Authors: Caranti Luigi
Published: May 2022

This Element introduces the reader to Kant's theory of peace and to its place in the broader context of the critical philosophy. It also delves into one aspect of the model that has generated much debate among interpreters, given Kant's changing thoughts on the matter. This aspect relates to the nature and powers of the international federation. Defending the idea that national sovereignty is indissolubly linked to states' full autonomy regarding the use of military power, this Element offers an interpretation and defense of the Kantian federation that, in many regards, departs from the mainstream reading. Special emphasis is placed on the problematic coexistence of two conflicting theoretical desiderata: on the one hand, the necessity of establishing an international institution with coercive powers for securing peace; on the other hand, the necessity of avoiding the risk of an excessive erosion of states' sovereignty.
Artworks are Valuable for Their Own Sake
Authors: GENTRY GERAD
Published: May 2022

To hold that artworks are valuable for their own sake—regardless of whatever secondary value they may have, such as entertainment, formation, education, or a pleasurable experience—is to hold that their final worth is not derived from external or secondary ends. I call this collective set of views the end-in-itself view (or EI view). Nicholas Stang recently leveled a twofold charge of reductio ad absurdum and operating from a double standard against the EI view. In this article, I refute Stang by showing that the charges do not obtain for at least one variation of the EI view that holds artworks to be valuable for their own sake as internally purposive ends-in-themselves (the IP view).
The attention atlas virtual reality platform maps three-dimensional (3D) attention in unilateral spatial neglect patients: a protocol
Authors: Norwood Michael Francis , Painter David Ross , Marsh Chelsea Hannah , Reid Connor , Hine Trevor , Harvie Daniel S. , Jones Susan , Dungey Kelly , Chen Ben , Libera Marilia , Gan Leslie , Bernhardt Julie , Kendall Elizabeth , Zeeman Heidi
Published: May 2022

Background:

Deficits in visuospatial attention, known as neglect, are common following brain injury, but underdiagnosed and poorly treated, resulting in long-term cognitive disability. In clinical settings, neglect is often assessed using simple pen-and-paper tests. While convenient, these cannot characterise the full spectrum of neglect. This protocol reports a research programme that compares traditional neglect assessments with a novel virtual reality attention assessment platform: The Attention Atlas (AA).

Methods/design:

The AA was codesigned by researchers and clinicians to meet the clinical need for improved neglect assessment. The AA uses a visual search paradigm to map the attended space in three dimensions and seeks to identify the optimal parameters that best distinguish neglect from non-neglect, and the spectrum of neglect, by providing near-time feedback to clinicians on system-level behavioural performance. A series of experiments will address procedural, scientific, patient, and clinical feasibility domains.

Results:

Analyses focuses on descriptive measures of reaction time, accuracy data for target localisation, and histogram-based raycast attentional mapping analysis; which measures the individual’s orientation in space, and inter- and intra-individual variation of visuospatial attention. We will compare neglect and control data using parametric between-subjects analyses. We present example individual-level results produced in near-time during visual search.

Conclusions:

The development and validation of the AA is part of a new generation of translational neuroscience that exploits the latest advances in technology and brain science, including technology repurposed from the consumer gaming market. This approach to rehabilitation has the potential for highly accurate, highly engaging, personalised care.
Beyond transparency: the principles of lobbying regulation and the perspective of professional lobbying consultancies
Authors: Bitonti Alberto , Mariotti Claudia
Published: May 2022

While various types of lobbying regulation continue to be devised in different political systems in the world, some questions remain relevant from both a scientific and practical point of view. How can we define a lobbying regulation? What are the principles and the practices that should be pursued by a policy of lobbying regulation? And what is the lobbyists' stance on this matter? We propose a wider definition of lobbying regulation, aiming to overcome the traditional exclusive attention to formal pieces of legislation dedicated to lobbyists and lobbying activities. We refer to the philosophies of open government and deliberative democracy to expand the view on the principles of lobbying regulations, pointing out the macro-dimensions that can be encompassed for a more fine-grained understanding of lobbying regulations, considering not only transparency (as commonly done by most analyses thus far), but also the (fair) equality of access of stakeholders to policymaking and the public accountability of policymakers. On the empirical plan, we test our conceptual framework through an analysis of the perspective of the professional lobbying consultancies enrolled in the lobbying register of the Italian Chamber of Deputies, using in-depth semi-structured video interviews to investigate how such specifically relevant players assess lobbying regulation, and what principles and rules/institutional practices are most significant in their view, finding strong support for measures that aim to pursue the other two principles pointed out beyond transparency.
Unveiling the competitive role of global modes in the pattern formation of rotating sphere flows
Authors: Sierra-Ausín J. , Lorite-Díez M. , Jiménez-González J.I. , Citro V. , Fabre D.
Published: May 2022

The wake flow past a streamwise rotating sphere is a canonical model of numerous applications, such as particle-driven flows, sport aerodynamics and freely rising or falling bodies, where the changes in particles’ paths are related to the destabilization of complex flow regimes and associated force distributions. Herein, we examine the spatio-temporal pattern formation, previously investigated by Lorite-Díez & Jiménez-González (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 896, 2020, A18) and Pier (J. Fluids Struct., vol. 41, 2013, pp. 43–50), from a dynamical system perspective. A systematic study of the mode competition between rotating waves, which arise from the linearly unstable modes of the steady-state, exhibits their connection to previously observed helical patterns present within the wake. The organizing centre of the dynamics turns out to be a triple Hopf bifurcation associated with three non-axisymmetric, oscillating modes with respective azimuthal wavenumbers

$m=-1,-1$

and

$-2$

. The unfolding of the normal form unveils the nonlinear interaction between the rotating waves to engender more complex states. It reveals that for low values of the rotation rate, the flow field exhibits a similar transition to the flow past the static sphere, but accompanied by a rapid variation of the frequencies of the flow with respect to the rotation. The transition from the single helix pattern to the double helix structure within the wake displays several regions with hysteric behaviour. Eventually, the interaction between single and double helix structures within the wake lead towards temporal chaos, which here is attributed to the Ruelle–Takens–Newhouse route. The onset of chaos is detected by the identification of an invariant state of the normal form constituted by three incommensurate frequencies. The evolution of the chaotic attractor is determined using of time-stepping simulations, which were also performed to confirm the existence of bi-stability and to assess the fidelity of the computations performed with the normal form.
Towards an updated dialect atlas of British English
Authors: MacKenzie Laurel , Bailey George , Turton Danielle
Published: May 2022

This paper presents the results of a survey of phonological, lexical, and morphosyntactic variation in British English, based on over 14,000 responses. We map twelve variables using geospatial “hotspot” analysis. One of our aims is to document the patterning of under- and unstudied variables. A second aim is to track changes in real time, which we do by comparing our findings to those of the 1950s-era Survey of English Dialects (SED; Orton, 1962). We improve upon previous dialectological work by paying careful attention to the phonemic status of mergers and splits: In our contemporary data, we do this by asking subjects if they have a phonemic contrast; in the SED data, we do this by superimposing the isoglosses for individual phones. We find evidence for both stability and change; we document previously unverified patterns. Perhaps most importantly, we identify a number of directions for future research.
Candidate Experience and Electoral Success
Authors: Haime Agustina , Vallejo Agustín , Schwindt-Bayer Leslie
Published: May 2022

Studies of how previous political experience affects a candidate’s electoral success have overlooked the experience that candidates get from running campaigns even if they lose. This article argues that experience running for office, whether successfully or unsuccessfully, could give candidates several benefits, such as expertise in running strong campaigns, a network of connections, and visibility among the electorate. As a result, candidate experience, not just office-holding experience, should be positively correlated with electoral success. The article tests this expectation in Brazil using a database of candidates for seven types of elected offices between 1998 and 2018. It finds that candidates who ran for, but lost, elected offices are more likely to win when they run in future elections for the same and lower-ranked offices, compared to candidates with no experience running for office. Thus, candidate experience, not just office-holding experience, is important for explaining electoral success in politics.
Campaigns, Elections, and Regimes in Latin America
Authors: Lehoucq Fabrice
Published: May 2022

This essay reviews the following works:

Historia política de Chile, 1810–2010. Tomo I: Prácticas políticas. Edited by Iván Jaksić and Juan Luis Ossa. Santiago de Chile: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2014. Pp. 508. $280.00 MXN, paperback. ISBN: 9789562891653.

Historia política de Chile, 1810–2010. Tomo II: Estado y sociedad. Edited by Iván Jaksić and Francisca Rengifo. Santiago de Chile: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2017. Pp. 476. $470.00 MXN, paperback. ISBN: 9789562891691.

Historia política de Chile, 1810–2010. Tomo III: Problemas económicos. Edited by Iván Jaksić, Andrés Estefane, and Claudio Robles. Santiago de Chile: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2018. Pp. 443. $430.00 MXN, paperback. ISBN: 9789562891776.

Historia política de Chile, 1810–2010. Tomo IV: Intelectuales y pensamiento político. Edited by Iván Jaksić and Susana Gazmuri. Santiago de Chile: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2018. Pp. 338. $440.00 MXN, paperback. ISBN: 9789562891837.

Revolutionizing Repertoires: The Rise of Populist Mobilization in Peru. By Robert S. Jansen. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2017. Pp. xviii + 288. $37.95 paperback. ISBN: 9780226487441.

Campaigns and Voters in Developing Democracies: Argentina in Comparative Perspective. Edited by Noam Lupu, Virginia Oliveros, and Luis Schiumerini. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2019. Pp. xiv + 298. $80.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9780472131280.

Electoral Rules and Democracy in Latin America. By Cynthia McClintock. New York: Oxford University Press, 2018. Pp. xi + 336. $38.95 paperback. ISBN: 9780190879761.

Why Bother with Elections? By Adam Przeworski. Cambridge: Polity, 2018. Pp. 210. $15.50 paperback. ISBN: 9781509526604.

Política latinoamericana contemporánea. Edited by Godofredo Vidal de la Rosa. Mexico City: Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, 2017. Pp. 713. Paperback. ISBN: 9786072811225.

Conservative Parties and the Birth of Democracy. By Daniel Ziblatt. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017. Pp. xvi + 448. $32.99 paperback. ISBN: 9780521172998.
Recent Trends in State Formation Studies on Latin America
Authors: Piña Ulices
Published: May 2022

This essay reviews the following works:

Matters of Justice: Pueblos, the Judiciary, and Agrarian Reform in Revolutionary Mexico. By Helga Baitenmann. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2020. Pp. xvi + 326. $35.00 paperback. ISBN: 9781496219480.

Pueblos en tiempos de guerra: La formación de la nación en México, Argentina y Brasil (1800–1920). Edited by Romana Falcón and Raymond Buve. Mexico City: El Colegio de México, 2017. Pp. 242. Mex$180 paperback. ISBN: 9786076281307.

State Formation in the Liberal Era: Capitalisms and Claims of Citizenship in Mexico and Peru. Edited by Ben Fallaw and David Nugent. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2020. Pp. xxv + 334. $60.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9780816540389.

Heroes, Martyrs, and Political Messiahs in Revolutionary Cuba, 1946–1958. By Lillian Guerra. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2018. Pp. 384. $40.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9780300175530.

In the Vortex of Violence: Lynching, Extralegal Justice, and the State in Post-Revolutionary Mexico. By Gema Kloppe-Santamaría. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2020. Pp. xvi + 213. $34.95 paperback. ISBN: 9780520344037.

The Injustice Never Leaves You: Anti-Mexican Violence in Texas. By Monica Muñoz Martinez. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2018. Pp. 400. $37.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9780674976436.

A Revolution Unfinished: The Chegomista Rebellion and the Limits of Revolutionary Democracy in Juchitán, Oaxaca. By Colby Ristow. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2018. Pp viii + 312. $50.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9781496203656.

Fields of Revolution: Agrarian Reform and Rural State Formation in Bolivia, 1935–1964. By Carmen Soliz. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2021. Pp. 280. $50.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9780822946656.
Transgresión, opción decolonial y arte brasileño
Authors: Ribeiro dos Santos Renata , Hernandez Maria Isabel Dagli
Published: May 2022

Centrándose en Brasil, este artículo examina los mecanismos coloniales de imposición de la identidad y estética hegemónicas que ocasionaron la invisibilización y silenciamiento de historias y saberes de los grupos colonizados ubicados en situación marginal. Se propone que, como respuesta a este proceso, las identidades marginadas utilizan herramientas insertadas en la estrategia decolonial —desprendimiento y desobediencia— para transgredir la lógica normativa hegemónica en la elaboración de su producción cultural. El texto analiza artistas, obras, acciones y eventos brasileños recientes que, mediante sus poéticas lograron pervertir y concienciar hacia la epistemología impuesta por la colonialidad. Se estudian propuestas transgresoras que se filtraron en las instituciones legitimadas, como las obras de Rosana Paulino, Denilson Baniwa o la exposición Queermuseu, así como otra nacida fuera de los límites institucionales —la pixação— que, debido a su fricción con el modelo social normativo, escapa a cualquier imposición reglamentaria.
Regional spectral ratios as potential neural markers to identify mild cognitive impairment related to Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Lee Tien-Wen , Tramontano Gerald
Published: May 2022

Objective:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has prolonged asymptomatic or mild symptomatic periods. Given that there is an increase in treatment options and that early intervention could modify the disease course, it is desirable to devise biological indices that may differentiate AD and nonAD at mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage.

Methods:

Based on two well-acknowledged observations of background slowing (attenuation in alpha power and enhancement in theta and delta powers) and early involvement of posterior cingulate cortex (PCC, a neural hub of default-mode network), this study devised novel neural markers, namely, spectral ratios of alpha1 to delta and alpha1 to theta in the PCC.

Results:

We analysed 46 MCI patients, with 22 ADMCI and 24 nonADMCI who were matched in age, education, and global cognitive capability. Concordant with the prediction, the regional spectral ratios were lower in the ADMCI group, suggesting its clinical application potential.

Conclusion:

Previous research has verified that neural markers derived from clinical electroencephalography may be informative in differentiating AD from other neurological conditions. We believe that the spectral ratios in the neural hubs that show early pathological changes can enrich the instrumental assessment of brain dysfunctions at the MCI (or pre-clinical) stage.
A hierarchical latent space network model for mediation
Authors: Sweet Tracy M. , Adhikari Samrachana
Published: May 2022

For interventions that affect how individuals interact, social network data may aid in understanding the mechanisms through which an intervention is effective. Social networks may even be an intermediate outcome observed prior to end of the study. In fact, social networks may also mediate the effects of the intervention on the outcome of interest, and Sweet (2019) introduced a statistical model for social networks as mediators in network-level interventions. We build on their approach and introduce a new model in which the network is a mediator using a latent space approach. We investigate our model through a simulation study and a real-world analysis of teacher advice-seeking networks.
Bringing network science to primary school
Authors: Stegehuis Clara
Published: May 2022

Several papers have highlighted the potential of network science to appeal to a younger audience of high school children and provided lesson material on network science for high school children. However, network science also provides a great topic for outreach activities for primary school children. Therefore, this article gives a short summary of an outreach activity on network science for primary school children aged 8–12 years. The material provided in this article contains presentation material for a lesson of approximately 1 hour, including experiments, exercises, and quizzes, which can be used by other scientists interested in popularizing network science. We then discuss the lessons learned from this material.
Association between food intake patterns and serum vitamin D concentrations in US adults
Authors: Ganji Vijay , Shi Zumin , Al-Abdi Tamara , Al Hejap Dalia , Attia Yasmine , Koukach Dalya , Elkassas Hind
Published: May 2022

The objective of this study was to investigate the association between food patterns and serum vitamin D concentrations in US adults. Data from two cycles of National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2003–2004 and 2005–2006, were used (n6637). Three major food patterns were derived using factor analysis. These three patterns were labeled as meat and processed meat foods (MPF), vegetables, fruit, nuts, and whole grains (VFNW), and sweet, snack, and beverage pattern (SSB). Serum vitamin D was measured with RIA and later standardized to reflect the assay changes over time. In multivariate-adjusted regression analysis, the MPF pattern was significantly, inversely associated with serum vitamin D concentrations (P< 0·001). However, the relation between the VFNW pattern and serum vitamin D was non-linear (P< 0·001). There was no relationship between SSB pattern and serum vitamin D in US adults. In conclusion, persons with a high intake of meat and processed meats are associated with lower serum vitamin D concentrations. Reducing processed foods and emphasizing VFNW will be beneficial from a health perspective.
USE OF BIG DATA ANALYTICS AND SENSOR TECHNOLOGY IN CONSUMER INSURANCE CONTEXT: LEGAL AND PRACTICAL CHALLENGES
Authors: Soyer Βarış
Published: May 2022

Insurers are increasingly using big data analytics and artificial intelligence in rating risks and customising insurance products particularly in the context of consumer insurance. The primary aim of this article is to elaborate the extent to which the legal rules in force could ensure that consumers are not treated unfairly as a result of the use of such disruptive technologies. Relevant insurance law principles and doctrines are also considered as part of this analysis. The article concludes that despite the protection provided to consumers by data and consumer protection legislation, unregulated and unlimited use of data analytics and algorithms in the risk assessment process could create significant difficulties for consumers. It is argued that further regulation, especially making regular audits essential for insurers employing such technologies in risk assessment process, is required. The article also finds that the use of artificial intelligence in customising insurance products does not present similar degree of difficulties for consumers.
Fractures, fluid flow and inherited structures in geothermal systems: inputs from the Fe-ore deposits of eastern Elba Island (Northern Apennines, Italy)
Authors: Zucchi Martina , Brogi Andrea , Liotta Domenico , Caggianelli Alfredo , Dini Andrea , Ventruti Gennaro , Ruggieri Giovanni , Matera Paola Francesca
Published: May 2022

Geothermal systems in terrains affected by polyphase deformation have reservoirs with a 3D geometry that is always difficult to predict. In this paper we describe a fossil exhumed geothermal system exposed in eastern Elba Island that developed in a polyphase folded and faulted setting, which can help us to understand how geothermal fluids circulate in geological bodies with inherited structures. Geothermal circulation at Elba allowed the deposition of Fe-ore deposits (haematite/magnetite and pyrite) and altered rock volumes, which represent tracers of the palaeo-fluid flow. Normal and oblique-slip faults dissected a polyphase folded metasiliciclastic succession and produced a secondary permeability in the range of 5 × 10−13 to 5 × 10−16 m2. From the permeable fault zones acting as feeder conduits, geothermal fluids permeated the hydraulically connected metasiliciclastic rock bodies previously deformed by two generations of folds. Geothermal fluids followed the already defined geometry, thus giving rise to apparent folded mineralized levels. Fluid migration into the metasiliciclastic rocks was possible due to their chemical aggression, which favoured the dissolution and reprecipitation of quartz, and Fe-oxide and sulphide deposition. Renewed fluids maintained their chemical properties (pH value and temperature, mostly). This conclusion provides inputs for reconstructing geothermal conceptual models and evaluating the geothermal potentiality of exploitable areas developing in similar geological settings.
The Impact of Refugees in Neutral Hong Kong and Macau, 1937–1945
Authors: Lopes Helena F. S.
Published: May 2022

This article investigates the complex entanglement of neutrality and displacement in Hong Kong and Macau with a focus on the impact of and responses to an unprecedented influx of refugees during the Second World War. Displaced persons were of central importance in shaping the ambiguous experience of neutrality before Hong Kong's occupation by Japan in late 1941 and until the end of the war in Macau. Building on Elizabeth Sinn's conceptualization of Hong Kong as an ‘in-between place’, this article considers these two foreign-ruled territories as ‘in-between places’ where multi-layered transborder flows developed in an ‘in-between time’ of neutrality. Highlighting similarities and connections between Hong Kong and Macau, it argues that neutrality was shaped by the movement of refugees and that refugees often experienced neutrality differently depending on perceptions of race, class, and nationality. The presence of diverse communities of refugees shaped multiple dimensions of urban life, with colonial concerns for spatial order and social control co-existing with humanitarian co-operation. The discourses and practices around refugees are an important precedent to understanding post-war refugeedom in these territories.
Probabilistic effect of metastable excitation on lock-in amplified plasma laser-induced fluorescence diagnostics at modulation frequencies comparable to the fluorescence frequency
Authors: Jiang Di , Jin Chen-yao , Yip Chi-Shung , Zhang Wei , Xu Guo-Sheng , Wang Liang
Published: May 2022

In this paper, effects of discharge parameters and modulation frequency on the signal of laser-induced fluorescence measurements of ion velocity distribution functions are investigated in the LIF Test Source. A maximum modulation frequency is found for each given set of parameters, beyond which the signal gradually declines. Meanwhile, this maximum modulation frequency occurred consistently at ~1/10 of the theoretical frequency limit and photon counts received by a photomultiplier tube, which indicates that as modulation frequency and the associated per-pulse-excitation-event count decrease, the transition from the macroscopic statistical signal to the microscopic probabilistic signal is a gradual process.
Bulldozing the dead: Chinese, citizenry, and cemetery in post-colonial South Korea
Authors: Eom Sujin
Published: May 2022

This article looks at lawsuits surrounding two Chinese cemeteries in the mid-twentieth century South Korean cities of Incheon and Seoul as crucial sites to examine the post-colonial legal construction of national citizenry based on property rights. While different legal rationales were employed in each case, the two Chinese cemeteries were relocated to the periphery of each city as a consequence of the litigation. In Incheon, it was argued that the cemetery was owned by Chinese nationals whose land rights were ambiguous and hence open to question, both during the colonial and post-colonial period. On the other hand, in Seoul, rights to the cemetery were at stake due to its association with Japanese nationals, whose holdings were regarded as ‘enemy properties’ in the post-colonial years. Not only were the lawsuits symbolic events that foreshadowed the displacement of Chinese residents from what was considered to be Korea's national land, they also revealed an operative ambiguity in the post-colonial legal system, readily exploited as a tool for discrimination. Drawing upon an analysis of these cases, I argue that the Chinese cemeteries served as a reminder that uncertainty and ambiguity were on tap in the legal workings of post-colonial society, manifested in blunt efforts to define its legitimate members and dictate who is entitled to be buried within a nation's borders.
Investigating the lived experience of LGBT+ people with dementia and their care partners: a scoping review
Authors: Smith Louisa , Chesher Isabelle , Fredriksen-Goldsen Karen , Ward Richard , Phillipson Lyn , Newman Christy E. , Delhomme Felix
Published: May 2022

Dementia, a global health priority, poses a disproportionately high risk to lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans plus (LGBT+)/gender and sexuality diverse people. Despite this, little research has explored the lived experience of LGBT+ people with dementia or their care partners. This scoping review aims to understand what the literature reveals about their experiences, the ways in which their lives have been investigated, to inform future research, policy and practice. Using an established scoping review methodology, we identified seven papers that reported empirical research on the lived experience of LGBT+ people with dementia and their care partners. Only a single study reported on in two of the papers included people who were trans. This in itself reveals how rarely LGBT+ people are asked to speak about how dementia has shaped their lives in academic research. Our reflexive thematic analysis indicates that LGBT+ people with dementia and their care partners endure overlapping forms of disadvantage. This results in heightened experiences of fear and discrimination, lack of services and compounded social isolation. Importantly, while dementia was embodied as interference and loss by LGBT+ people, it was their gender and sexuality differences that provided solace, even in the face of disadvantage. Importantly, people's relationships with LGBT+ identities were framed as fundamental for safety, resilience and wellbeing, rather than a complicating or confounding factor in living with dementia.
Nest density, egg conspicuity, vegetation structure and seasonality affect artificial nest predation in the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: de Aguiar Ivan R. , Vianna Vinícius R. , Dias Raphael Igor
Published: May 2022

Nest predators use visual, acoustic and chemical cues to locate nests. In the Neotropics, predation is high being the main cause of nest failure. Despite that, it is still not completely clear what kind of information predators are using to find nests or whether predators respond differently according to habitat characteristics. Here, we executed an experimental manipulation to investigate how different ecological factors influence nest predation probability. We hypothesised that egg conspicuousness, nest clustering and a more open vegetation structure would increase nest predation probability, and that nest predation would be higher during the breeding season of most avian species in the region. We used artificial nests baited with plasticine and quail eggs (Coturnix coturnix), manipulated egg coloration and nest density. Artificial nests were distributed over forest and savanna-like vegetations. Overall predation rate was 40.9%. We found that nests baited with conspicuous eggs, located in open habitats, at higher densities and during the dry period were more predated. Results suggest that main predators must be visually orientated, and that egg crypsis is an important trait for open-nest species in the area. Moreover, a higher nest density may affect predator behaviour, favouring an increase in nest searching, which may be facilitated in open habitats.
Isolation and characterization of a novel laccase from an Antarctic thermophilic Geobacillus
Authors: Atalah Joaquín , Blamey Jenny M.
Published: May 2022

Laccases are enzymes from the multi-copper oxidase family that have gathered a lot of attention due to their wide range of substrates, their interspecies variability and their still elusive mechanism of action. The presence of four copper atoms in their active site makes them an interesting model for the study of the relationship between the structure and function of proteins. It is possible to find them in fungi, plants and prokaryotes. Bacterial laccases display many advantages over fungal laccases in terms of their application. They have, in general, a greater thermal stability and a different pH profile, which contributes to widening their field of possible application. In the present work, a novel laccase from an Antarctic microorganism, Geobacillus sp. ID17, is purified and characterized. This is the first Antarctic bacterial laccase to be functionally described. It was found to be active at neutral pH and to have greater activity at 55°C. Its catalytic constants are in the order of other bacterial laccases. Screening for different potential substrates was also performed, showing that this novel laccase is more selective than commercial laccases. This enzyme could find potential application in the generation of gallic acid polymers or in organic synthesis in contexts where meticulous substrate discrimination is needed.
Understanding posttraumatic stress trajectories in adolescent females: A strength-based machine learning approach examining risk and protective factors including online behaviors
Authors: Haag Ann-Christin , Bonanno George A. , Chen Shuquan , Herd Toria , Strong-Jones Sienna , S. Sunshine , Noll Jennie G.
Published: May 2022

Heterogeneity in the course of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) following a major life trauma such as childhood sexual abuse (CSA) can be attributed to numerous contextual factors, psychosocial risk, and family/peer support. The present study investigates a comprehensive set of baseline psychosocial risk and protective factors including online behaviors predicting empirically derived PTSS trajectories over time. Females aged 12–16 years (N= 440); 156 with substantiated CSA; 284 matched comparisons with various self-reported potentially traumatic events (PTEs) were assessed at baseline and then annually for 2 subsequent years. Latent growth mixture modeling (LGMM) was used to derive PTSS trajectories, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression was used to investigate psychosocial predictors including online behaviors of trajectories. LGMM revealed four PTSS trajectories: resilient (52.1%), emerging (9.3%), recovering (19.3%), and chronic (19.4%). Of the 23 predictors considered, nine were retained in the LASSO model discriminating resilient versus chronic trajectories including the absence of CSA and other PTEs, low incidences of exposure to sexual content online, minority ethnicity status, and the presence of additional psychosocial protective factors. Results provide insights into possible intervention targets to promote resilience in adolescence following PTEs.
Transitional Justice Incubator: Bridging European Fault Lines
Authors: Petrović Vladimir
Published: May 2022

Transitional justice is typically perceived as a product of the third wave of democratisation, which came to the fore after the fall of the Iron Curtain, bringing along with it various mechanisms, from truth commissions and lustration procedures to national trials, leading to the creation of hybrid and international tribunals of global reach.1Despite its obvious relevance, the aftermath of the Second World War is generally treated as a cursory prehistory in the transitional justice literature. With the exception of the Nuremberg trials, robust research on legal and extralegal ventures which characterised the first postwar decade remains largely disconnected from contemporary transitional justice concerns, and yet it offers a number of valuable lessons.2Three recent publications which are the subject of this review are therefore a welcome intervention, highlighting the scope and depth, successes and fallacies of efforts to come to terms with the atrocious legacy of the Second World War in its immediate aftermath.
Kynurenine pathway and autism spectrum phenotypes: an investigation among adults with autism spectrum disorder and their first-degree relatives
Authors: Carpita Barbara , Nardi Benedetta , Palego Lionella , Cremone Ivan M. , Massimetti Gabriele , Carmassi Claudia , Betti Laura , Giannaccini Gino , Dell’Osso Liliana
Published: May 2022

Background

Increasing literature highlighted alterations of tryptophan (TRP) metabolism and kynurenine (KYN) pathway in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, no study specifically focused on adult samples. Meanwhile, several authors stressed the relevance of investigating neurobiological correlates of adult forms of ASD and of those subthreshold ASD manifestations frequently found in relatives of ASD probands, known as broad autism phenotype (BAP). This work aimed to evaluate circulating levels of TRP and metabolites of KYN pathway in a sample of ASD adults, their first-degree relatives and controls (CTLs), investigating also the correlations between biochemical variables’ levels and ASD symptoms.

Methods

A sample of ASD adults, together with a group of first-degree relatives (BAP group) and unrelated CTLs were assessed by means of psychometric scales. Circulating levels of TRP, KYN, quinolinic acid (QA), and kynurenic acid (KYNA) were assessed in all subjects.

Results

ASD patients reported significantly higher total scores than the other groups on all psychometric scales. BAP subjects scored significantly higher than CTLs. ASD patients reported significantly lower TRP levels than BAP and CTL groups. Moreover, significantly lower levels of KYNA were reported in both ASD and BAP groups than in CTLs. Specific patterns of associations were found between autism symptoms and biochemical variables.

Conclusions

Our findings confirm in adult samples the presence of altered TRP metabolism through KYN pathway. The intermediate alterations reported among relatives of ASD patients further stress the presence of a continuum between subthreshold and full-threshold ASD phenotypes also from a biochemical perspective.
Enabling In Situ Studies of Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition in a Transmission Electron Microscope
Authors: Tornberg Marcus , Maliakkal Carina B , Jacobsson Daniel , Wallenberg Reine , Dick Kimberly A
Published: May 2022

The world of environmental microscopy provides the possibility to study and analyze transformations and reactions during realistic conditions to understand the processes better. We report on the design and development of a metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) system integrated with an environmental transmission electron microscope intended for real-time investigations of crystal growth. We demonstrate methods for achieving a wide range of precisely controlled concentrations of precursor gas at the sample, as well as for calibrating the sample partial pressure using the pressure measured elsewhere in the microscope column. The influences of elevated temperature and reactive gas within the pole-piece gap are evaluated with respect to imaging and spectroscopy. We show that X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy can be strongly affected by temperatures beyond 500C, while the spatial resolution is largely unaffected by heat and microscope pressure for the relevant conditions. Finally, the influence of the electron beam on the investigated processes is discussed. With this work, we aim to provide crucial input in the development of advanced in situ electron microscopy systems for studies of complex reactions in real time under realistic conditions, for instance as used during formation of semiconductor crystals.
Application of Synchrotron Radiation-Based Micro-Analysis on Cadmium Yellows in Pablo Picasso's Femme
Authors: Ghirardello Marta , Gonzalez Victor , Monico Letizia , Nevin Austin , MacLennan Douglas , Patterson Catherine Schmidt , Burghammer Manfred , Réfrégiers Matthieu , Comelli Daniela , Cotte Marine
Published: May 2022

The cultural heritage community is increasingly exploring synchrotron radiation (SR) based techniques for the study of art and archaeological objects. When considering heterogeneous and complex micro-samples, such as those from paintings, the combination of different SR X-ray techniques is often exploited to overcome the intrinsic limitations and sensitivity of the single technique. Less frequently, SR X-ray analyses are combined with SR micro-photoluminescence or micro-Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, which provide complementary information on the molecular composition, offering a unique integrated analysis approach. Although the spatial correlation between the maps obtained with different techniques is not straightforward due to the different volumes probed by each method, the combination of the information provides a greater understanding and insight into the paint chemistry. In this work, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the combination of X-ray techniques and SR-based photoluminescence through the study of two paint micro-samples taken from Pablo Picasso's Femme (1907). The painting contains two cadmium yellow paints (based on CdS): one relatively intact and one visibly degraded. SR micro-analyses demonstrated that the two Cd-yellow paints differ in terms of structure, chemical composition, and photoluminescence properties. In particular, on the basis of the combination of different SR measurements, we hypothesize that the degraded yellow is based on nanocrystalline CdS with high presence of Cd(OH)Cl. These two characteristics have enhanced the reactivity of the paint and strongly influenced its stability.
Families of periodic orbits around asteroids: From shape symmetry to asymmetry
Authors: Voyatzis G. , Karydis D. , Tsiganis K.
Published: May 2022

In Karydis et al. (2021) we have introduced the method of shape continuation in order to obtain periodic orbits in the complex gravitational field of an irregularly-shaped asteroid starting from a symmetric simple model. What’s more, we map the families of periodic orbits of the simple model to families of the real asteroid model. The introduction of asymmetries in a gravitational potential may significantly affect the dynamical properties of the families. In this paper, we discuss the effect of the asymmetries in the neighborhood of vertically critical orbits, where, in the symmetric model, bifurcations of 3D periodic orbit families occur. When asymmetries are introduced, we demonstrate that two possible continuation schemes can take place in general. Numerical simulations, using an ellipsoid and a mascon model of 433-Eros, verify the existence of these schemes.
Evolution of INPOP planetary ephemerides and Bepi-Colombo simulations
Authors: Fienga A. , Bigot L. , Mary D. , Deram P. , Di Ruscio A. , Bernus L. , Gastineau M. , Laskar J.
Published: May 2022

We give here a detailed description of the latest INPOP planetary ephemerides INPOP20a. We test the sensitivity of the Sun oblateness determination obtained with INPOP to different models for the Sun core rotation. We also present new evaluations of possible GRT violations with the PPN parameters β, γ and . With a new method for selecting acceptable alternative ephemerides we provide conservative limits of about 7.16 × 10-5 and 7.49 × 10-5 for β-1 and γ-1 respectively using the present day planetary data samples. We also present simulations of Bepi-Colombo range tracking data and their impact on planetary ephemeris construction. We show that the use of future BC range observations should improve these estimates, in particular γ. Finally, interesting perspectives for the detection of the Sun core rotation seem to be reachable thanks to the BC mission and its accurate range measurements in the GRT frame.
The current orbit of Atlas (SXV)
Authors: Tadeu Ceccatto Demétrio , Callegari Nelson , Rodríguez Adrián
Published: May 2022

With the success of the Cassini-Huygens mission, the dynamic complexity surrounding natural satellites of Saturn began to be elucidated. New ephemeris could be calculated with a higher level of precision, which made it possible to study in detail the resonant phenomena and, in particular, the 54:53 near mean-motion resonance between Prometheus and Atlas. For this task, we have mapped in details the domains of the resonance with dense sets of initial conditions and distinct ranges of parameters. Our initial goal was to identify possible regions in the phase space of Atlas for which some critical angles, associated with the 54:53 mean motion have a stable libration. Our investigations revealed that there is no possibility for the current Atlas orbital configuration to have any regular behavior since it is in a chaotic region located at the boundary of the 54:53 mean-motion resonance phase space. This result is in accordance with previous works (Cooper et al. 2015; Renner et al. 2016). In this work, we generalize such investigations by showing detailed aspects of the Atlas-Prometheus 54:53 mean-motion resonance, like the extension of the chaotic layers, the thin domain of the center of the 54:53 resonance, the proximity of other neighborhood resonances, among other secondary conclusions. In particular, we have also shown that even in the deep interior of the resonance, it is difficult to map periodic motion of the resonant pair for very long time spans.
Back-tracing space debris using proper elements
Authors: Celletti Alessandra , Pucacco Giuseppe , Vartolomei Tudor
Published: May 2022

Normal form methods allow one to compute quasi-invariants of a Hamiltonian system, which are referred to as proper elements. The computation of the proper elements turns out to be useful to associate dynamical properties that lead to identify families of space debris, as it was done in the past for families of asteroids. In particular, through proper elements we are able to group fragments generated by the same break-up event and we possibly associate them to a parent body. A qualitative analysis of the results is given by the computation of the Pearson correlation coefficient and the probability of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical test.
A compact frequency reconfigurable patch antenna with asymmetric armed U and reversed L slots for handheld wireless devices
Authors: Saikia Bhaben , Borah Kunal
Published: May 2022

A frequency reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna with a combination of an asymmetric armed U-slot and a reversed L-slot etched on a rectangular base patch of 6 GHz resonant frequency designed on an FR4 substrate (ɛr = 4.4) is presented in this paper. Three RF PIN diodes are positioned at inimitable sites of these slots to achieve frequency reconfiguration. A DC bias circuitry, which includes DC blocking capacitors and RF blocking inductors, is integrated with the antenna structure for switching (ON/OFF) the PIN diodes. Six reconfigurable modes with resonant frequencies at 4.33, 4.63, 5.24, 5.87, 5.96, and 6.29 GHz is obtained with different ON-OFF combinations of these PIN diodes. These reconfigurable resonant frequencies cover two continuous bands from 4.21 to 5.43 GHz and 5.69 to 6.6 GHz and is considered to be useful for the applications like aeronautical radio navigation (4.3 GHz), sub-6-GHz 5G (4.4–5 GHz), WLAN (5.2 and 5.8 GHz) and Wi-Fi 6E (5.925–6.425 GHz). Measured gain of the antenna for all the modes varies between 5.86 dBi and 8.72 dBi.