bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two Decades of Asymmetrical Threats to Non-traditional Security in Asia Pacific and Challenges for Indonesia (2003-2023)
Authors: Azzqy Andrea Abdul Rahman
Published: August 2024

Abstrak: non-tradisional (NTS) merupakan ancaman serius bagi negara-negara di kawasan Asia Pasifik, termasuk Indonesia. Ancaman NTS dapat berupa terorisme, kejahatan transnasional terorganisir, bencana alam, perubahan iklim, dan lain-lain. Ancaman NTS seringkali bersifat asimetrik, yaitu melibatkan aktor non-negara yang memiliki sumber daya terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji urgensi dan tantangan keamanan NTS di Asia Pasifik, serta tantangan bagi Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur untuk menganalisis penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya yang relevan dengan masalah yang dibahas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ancaman NTS semakin meningkat di kawasan Asia Pasifik. Ancaman NTS dapat mengganggu stabilitas keamanan dan pembangunan di kawasan ini. Indonesia juga rentan terhadap ancaman NTS, terutama ancaman terorisme siber, kejahatan transnasional terorganisir, dan bencana alam. Untuk mengatasi tantangan keamanan NTS, Indonesia perlu meningkatkan kapasitas pertahanan siber, memperkuat kerja sama internasional, dan meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang pentingnya keamanan NTS.
 
Abstract: Non-traditional security (NTS) poses a significant threat to countries in the Asia-Pacific region, including Indonesia. NTS threats encompass a range of potential dangers, including terrorism, transnational organized crime, natural catastrophes, climate change, and other similar risks. NTS threats frequently exhibit asymmetry, meaning they involve non-state entities who possess restricted resources. This study uses a method of literature study to analyze previous research that is relevant to the problem discussed. Research results show that NTS threats are rising in the Asia-Pacific region. NTS threats could disrupt security stability and development in the region. Indonesia is also vulnerable to NTS threats, especially the threat of cyber terrorism, transnational organized crime, and natural disasters. To address the NTS security challenges, Indonesia needs to enhance its cyber defense capabilities, strengthen international cooperation, and raise public awareness of the importance of NTS safety.
Sustainable Waste Management Using Blockchain Technology in Asean Nations; Case Study of Indonesia
Authors: Saboor Abdul
Published: August 2024

Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas ruang lingkup dan keterbatasan pengelolaan limbah yang ada di negara-negara ASEAN, seperti tempat pembuangan sampah yang meluap dan infrastruktur yang lemah. Ini membahas teknologi blockchain untuk membantu meningkatkan transparansi, efisiensi, dan akuntabilitas. Artikel ini akan menyelidiki inefisiensi pengelolaan limbah, hambatan investasi, dan peran pendidikan publik dalam mengubah sikap ini. Informasi dalam artikel ini didasarkan pada analisis data sekunder, serta laporan statistik dan dokumen yang diperoleh dari berbagai sumber dokumen yang relevan. Artikel ini merekomendasikan kebijakan mengenai tata kelola limbah diterapkan menggunakan blockchain, kampanye kesadaran publik dan program percontohan untuk menguji kemanjurannya dalam mengubah pengelolaan limbah menjadi kegiatan yang layak untuk memenuhi SDGs.
 
Abstract: This article discusses the scope and limitations of waste management in ASEAN countries, such as overflowing landfills and weak infrastructure. It discusses blockchain technology to help improve transparency, efficiency, and accountability. This article will investigate the inefficiency of waste management, investment barriers, and the role of public education in changing these attitudes. The information in this article is based on secondary data analysis, statistical reports, and documents obtained from various relevant document sources. Finally, it would suggest that a policy regarding waste governance be implemented using blockchain, public awareness campaigns and pilot programs for testing its efficacy in transforming waste management into a viable activity to meet SDGs.
Deforestation and Land Conversion: A deep dive into Malaysia
Authors: An Wen Nee
Published: August 2024

Abstrak: Dengan pesatnya pertumbuhan Malaysia sebagai negara berkembang, urbanisasi dan perluasan pertanian telah menjadi elemen kunci yang berkontribusi signifikan terhadap penggundulan hutan dan alih fungsi lahan di wilayah tersebut. Akibatnya, banyak dampak dari penyebab ini muncul dengan cepat dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, seperti erosi tanah dan perubahan iklim. Untuk mengatasi masalah lingkungan ini secara komprehensif, reboisasi, keterlibatan organisasi nonpemerintah dalam masalah ini, dan promosi skema sertifikasi oleh pemerintah Malaysia dapat dilihat sebagai strategi mitigasi.
 
Abstract:  This paper discusses the issue of deforestation and land conversion and the challenges that arise in Malaysia. With the rapid growth of Malaysia as a developing country, urbanisation and agricultural expansion have been the key elements that significantly contribute to deforestation and land conversion in the region. As a result, many effects of this cause have been quickly emerging in recent years, such as soil erosion and climate change. In order to comprehensively overcome this environmental problem, reforestation, involvement of non-governmental organisations in this issue and promotion of certification schemes by the Malaysian government can be seen as mitigation strategies.
SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI BERBASIS MOBILE DALAM PENINGKATAN KINERJA
Authors: Royen Sipen , Sumarlan Ahmad , Setiorini Hesti
Published: August 2024

Utilizing a mobile-based accounting information system is wise for improving performance. With a mobile-based accounting information system, a sales report data input system can be created that is automatic, effective and accurate. This research aims to find out how a mobile-based accounting information system improves performance. The data collection methods and techniques used in this research were descriptive qualitative methods and direct interviews with employees managing mobile-based accounting information systems. The data used comes from documentation. The research results show that a mobile-based accounting information system at Alfamart has been implemented. Furthermore, the mobile-based accounting information system has been running well using a computer-based information system with a point of sales (POS) application as a transaction tool and the Alfa Gift application is an application launched by PT Alfamart to make it easier for customers to shop online, so recording can be done directly. in input, with the existence of a mobile-based accounting information system, transaction activities are faster and more accurate so that the level of sales and purchasing interest increases, thereby increasing employee performance.
Keywords: Earning Per Share, Mobile Based  Accounting Information System, Performance Improvement
PENGARUH PENYAJIAN LAPORAN PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN, AKSESIBILITAS, DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI PEMERINTAH DESA TERHADAP AKUNTABILITAS PENGELOLAAN ALOKASI DANA DESA
Authors: Intan Cristuin Monica  , Herdianto Herdianto , Furqonti Ranidiah  , Rina Yuniarti
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of the presentation of accountability reports and the commitment of village government organizations on the accountability of managing village fund allocations. The results of this research show that the presentation of the t test accountability report has a significance level of 0.004, which means <0.05. This shows that this research supports the first hypothesis (H1 is accepted). The t-test Accessibility variable has a significance level of 0.621, which means >0.05. This shows that this research does not support the first hypothesis (H2 is not accepted). The organizational commitment variable in the t test has a significance level of 0.000, which means <0.05. This shows that this research supports the third hypothesis (H3 is accepted). Furthermore, together the presentation of accountability reports, accessibility and organizational commitment influence the accountability of Village Fund Allocation which can be seen in the F test results which have a significance value of 0.000 which means <0.05. This shows that this research supports the third hypothesis (H4 is accepted). Thus, H1 is accepted, which means that the presentation of accountability reports affects the accountability of village fund management, H2 is rejected, which means that accessibility has no effect on the accountability of village fund management, H3 is accepted, which means that organizational commitment has an effect on the accountability of village fund management. H4 is accepted, which means that together the presentation of accountability reports, accessibility and organizational commitment influence the accountability of village fund allocation.
 Keywords: Accountability Report, Accessibility, Organizational Commitment, Accountability of Village Fund Allocation
PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP BANK SYARIAH (STUDI KASUS DI DESA TANJUNG AGUNG KECAMATAN TANJUNG AGUNG PALIK KABUPATEN BENGKULU UTARA)
Authors: Setiawan Dharma , Novi Permata Novi Permata , Mukadar Amir , Subandrio Subandrio
Published: August 2024

This research is qualitative research. The data analysis technique used uses interactive analysis techniques, in which there are three components, namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of this research identify that it is very important to disseminate information to the community about the Vision and Mission of Sharia Banking, especially for the people of Tanjung Agung village, Tanjung Agung Palik District, North Bengkulu Regency, with a population of 1,511 people. It turns out that there are still many who do not understand or comprehend Islamic banking and the systems used. within the Islamic bank itself. Due to the lack of socialization from sharia banks towards the community, especially the people of Tanjung Agung village, Tanjung Agung Palik District, North Bengkulu Regency, this has made people less interested in sharia banks and prefer conventional banks for the reason that they first knew about the existence of conventional banks.
Keywords: Public Perception, Sharia Bank
A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED CONTROL STUDY ON MAGNESEUM SULFATE VERSUS KETAMINE NEBULIZATION ON THE EFFICACY IN THE IN PREVENTION OF INCIDENCE OF POSTOPERATIVE SORE THROAT
Authors: Pujari Shraddha , Manisha Manne , Sahitya M. Naga , Fultambkar Gajanan
Published: August 2024

Background: Anaesthesia's main purpose is to control the airways, and endotracheal intubation, an essential part of the procedure. After
extubation, ET (endotracheal tubes) may cause local irritation and inammation, which can lead to the development of Post Operative Sore Throat
(POST). Material And Methods: Total 102 patients of ASA Grade 1, Grade 2 were randomized into two groups of 51 each, Group K received
nebulization with 50 mg ketamine (1 ml with 2 ml of normal saline) and Group M were nebulized with 3ml of 225 mg isotonic magnesium sulfate.
Patients were nebulized 10 minutes prior to induction. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS Version 21.0, with signicance dened as P<
0.05. Results: Current results show that, the age, sex and hemodynamic changes did not signicantly differ between the two groups. The
magnesium sulfate group had 43.1% Post Operative Sore Throat (POST) incidence while the ketamine group had 9.8% incidence. Conclusion: In
the current study, it was found that the magnesium sulphate group experienced a higher incidence of Post Operative Sore Throat (POST) compared
to the ketamine group. Hemodynamic variables, the time required for rescue analgesia, and adverse reactions were not signicantly different. Thus,
Ketamine nebulization should be preferred over MgSO4 nebulization in the prevention of development of POST.
STUDY ON THE CONSUMPTION OF MACRONUTRIENTS AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN FEMALE COLLEGE STUDENTS AGED 17- 21 YEARS
Authors: Ramesh Anuradha , Bellare Nisha , Malhotra Hemani , Patel Prachi
Published: August 2024

Youth is a critical phase of life and a period of major physical, physiological, psychological and behavioural changes. Nutritional decits due to
poor dietary habits, poor mental health, lack of physical activity affects this population and has a long lasting impact on the quality of life. Atotal of
228 subjects were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Dietary macronutrient intake assessment was performed using a 3-day diet recall method.
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of the participants was assessed with the generic and standardized Short Form -36 Health Survey
questionnaire. It was found that the % EAR consumption of energy & protein was found to be lower in the obese category which clearly indicates
that skipping of meals was higher in the obese category. Apositive association between diet quality and physical & emotional role functioning was
also observed in the present study
A RARE ADVERSE DRUG REACTION TO INTRAVENOUS ONDANSETRON: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Mariam George Shreyanka , Bhonsle Kaushal , Sreehitha Aavula
Published: August 2024

Ondansetron belongs to the 5HT3 receptor antagonists family. It is widely used in the prevention and treatment of perioperative nausea and
vomiting(PONV). This case is that of a 23 year old male patient posted for split thickness skin graft(STSG) of a nonhealing wound on right foot.
Patient had history of Road trafc accident (RTA) a month back that caused depressed frontal bone fracture for which frontal bone elevation was
done immediately under general anaesthesia (GA). Post surgery patient developed right hemiplegia and was on oral antiplatelets and seizure
prophylaxis for a month. Patient was taken to operation theatre and preoperative vitals were recorded which were within normal limits. He was
given Inj.ondansetron 4mg iv slow bolus as premedication. Within a minute of administration, he became unresponsive and apneic. Bag and mask
ventilation(BMV) was promptly begun and patient was successfully revived in the next 10 mins. So we conclude that the easy availability and
accessibility of these drugs has led to their extensive use as premedication without contemplating about their life threatening complications.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DEXMEDETOMIDINE AND FENTANYL USING WITH BUPIVACAINE IN EPIDURALANAESTHESIA FOR POST-OPANALGESIA IN LOWER LIMB ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND LOWER ABDOMINAL SURGERY
Authors: Khan Adil Rashid , Singh Patel Atul Kumar , Sharma Umesh
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Post-operative pain is a signicant concern following lower limb orthopedic surgery and lower abdominal surgery. Adjuvants to
local anesthetic during epidural block are helpful to provide better block characteristics and post-operative analgesia. Objectives: To compare the
efcacy of epidural dexmedetomidine with bupivacaine versus epidural fentanyl with bupivacaine for post-operative pain. Methods:Atotal of 60
ASA Grade I / II patients aged 19 to 50 years fullling the eligibility criteria were enrolled in the study and were randomly allocated either DXM
group who received 1 μg/kg injection dexmedetomidine epidurally (n=30; mean age 41.87±7.61 years; 60% females) or to FN group who received
1 μg/kg of injection fentanyl epidurally (n=30; mean age 39.20±8.67 years; 70% females) as adjuvant to received 15 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine
respectively. Time to initiation/onset of motor and sensory blocks was noted, duration of sensory and motor blocks, maximum level of block
achieved, post-operative VAS scores for pain, duration of analgesia, number of rescue analgesic dosages used upto 24 hour post-operative interval
and adverse effects were noted. Data was analyzed using Chi-square and Independent samples 't'-tests. Results: Mean onset time of sensory and
motor blocks was signicantly shorter in DXM as compared to that in FN group. Mean duration of sensory and motor blocks and rescue free
analgesia was signicantly longer in DXM as compared to that in FN group. No major adverse effect of drugs was seen in either of two groups.
Hypotension was the most common adverse effect associated with DXM. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine as compared to fentanyl was offered
faster and prolonged blockade, longer analgesic effect and lesser consumption of rescue analgesia, however, it was also associated with an
increased risk of hypotension.
ESTABLISHING SKIN BANK -METHODOLOGY, FUNCTIONALITY & CHALLENGES AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTER (OSMANIA GENERAL HOSPITAL)
Authors: Nishanth Mummadi , Nagaprasad N. , Naik Madhusudhana , Nangineedi Mounika
Published: August 2024

Introduction: There will a need for large amounts of skin graft for burns patients especially with large burn ulcers. Some of these major burns
patients will have poor general condition and paucity of skin graft donor sites. Therefore, there is a constant demand for establishing skin bank in
major burn centers like Osmania General Hospital (OGH) which caters to huge burns patients load from states of Telangana & adjacent states like
Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra. Materials & Methods: Detailed submission of the procedural & technical details of a model skin bank
established in Osmania general hospital. Enumerating the various challenges that we encountered in establishing a skin bank in a tertiary care
center & various challenges encountered while running a skin bank. Results: A total of about 18,100 sq. cm allograft was obtained, Out of which,
about 11,000 sq. cm allograft was used for burns patients with better outcome in terms of decreasing the morbidity, hospital stay and better quality
of life. Conclusions: Due to it's proven efcacy in saving lives as a temporary biological skin cover for extensive burn patients, the use of human
skin allografts is crucial. However, there is a signicant disparity between the demand and supply of these allografts. Therefore, there is a pressing
need to establish more skin banks across India. This article aims to provide guidance to others interested in setting up a skin bank.
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF ORAL POTENTIALLY MALIGNANT DISEASESAN INSTITUTIONAL EXPERIENCE.
Authors: Saha Samayita , Basu Subhransu , Bose Abhinaba , Sarkar Aniket
Published: August 2024

Aim: Epidemiological and clinical analysis of patients with oral leukoplakia (OL) diagnosed and treated in the Department of Maxillofacial and
Oral Surgery. Material And Methods: Retrospective study was conducted among 112 patients in the department of Oral and Maxillofacial
Surgery considered from the year 2018 – 2022. The most common location of lesions was buccal mucosa Results: (55%). The risk of malignant
transformation is relatively high. Males shows high prevalence (60℅) more than females (40℅).The highest incidence of these lesions was
recorded in the third and fourth decades of life with signicant association between age group and oral potentially malignant lesions . As per the
present study, the predominant site of involvement was found to be buccal mucosa .The most common oral potentially malignant lesion assessed
was Leukoplakia (62℅). Oral submucous brosis (OSMF) (22℅) stands second in the list followed by oral lichen Planus (10℅) and erythroplakia
(6℅). This study gives us an opportunity to explore about tobacco awareness and early detection of Conclusions: oral premalignant lesions.
MOBILE ADDICTION PATTERNS AMONG UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS: A SOUTHERN INDIA PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Nagaraj Neha , S Gopinath
Published: August 2024

Background: The burgeoning use of mobile0phones among undergraduate0medical students has raised concerns about its adverse effects on their
health. This study intends to assess the detrimental effects of excessive mobile phone usage among undergraduate medical students in a tertiary
medical college in southern India and to evaluate the negative health consequences associated with excessive mobile phone use. Materials and
Methods: Across-sectional0study was conducted from October 2020 to December 2020 among 626 undergraduate0medical students in a tertiary
medical college in southern India. Data were collected using a0semi-structured, pretested questionnaire. The risk of smartphone addiction was
evaluated using the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV). Fisher's exact test was used to test the0associations in the data analysis,
which was carried out using Microsoft Excel and SPSS software. Results: All0respondents (100%) reported using mobile phones, with 83.2%
using them for over 4 hours daily. Only 22% refrained from using their phones during classes, and 51.6% kept their phones near them while
sleeping. Asignicant majority (84.3%)0used social networking apps. Common symptoms included eye0strain (67.9%), blurred0vision (31.4%),
and numbness/tingling in the palms (30.9%). According to the SAS-SV, 52.7% were at high0risk of smartphone addiction. Screen time exceeding 4
hours daily was signicantly associated with a high risk of addiction (p < 0.0001). High risk of addiction was also signicantly linked with
symptoms like eye0strain (p < 0.0001), blurred0vision (p = 0.0115), numbness/tingling in palms (p < 0.001), and heat/tingling in the0auditory area
(p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The0study reveals a worrying prevalence0of smartphone0addiction risk among medical students, emphasizing the need
for awareness and self-assessment of mobile phone usage habits. Further research is essential to develop0standardized0tools for0early detection of
mobile phone addiction and to explore effective interventions.
FUNCTIONAL AND CLINICAL OUTCOME OF ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION USING A PERONEUS LONGUS GRAFT
Authors: Amaresh Amaresh , N Taranath , Murthy Harish , Abhilash G , Sharma Kartik
Published: August 2024

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a strong intra-articular but extra synovial ligament, it is attached anteriorly to the nonarticulating portion of the
upper tibial surface in front of the intercondyloid eminence at the anterior attachment of the lateral meniscus. It is directed and backward to attach to
the posterior aspect of the inner surface of the lateral condyle of the femur. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most frequently injured knee
joint ligament, and hence its satisfactory reconstruction is a matter of utmost importance. The use of peroneus longus tendon (PLT) autograft as an
alternative to the conventional autograft is a recent development in the eld of ACL reconstruction. A total of 20 cases with ACL injury were
enrolled in the study and ACL reconstruction using Peroneus Longus tendon graft. It is a Prospective study of one-year duration. Finally, the
functional and clinical outcomes were assessed based on the Lysholm knee score. The donor ankle was assessed using the American Orthopaedic
Foot and Ankle Score (AOFAS). The mean Lysholm knee score at the end of 45 days follow-up up was70.1±1.63, at the end of 3 months was
77.4±1.174, at the end of 6 months was 83.5±0.707 and at the end of one year follow up of patient treated with PL tendon graft Lysholm score was
86.1±1.19(Excellent). The Mean AOFAS score was 94±1.60 (at nal follow-up). Peroneus longus tendon provides an excellent option for ACLR
and familiarity with its harvest and use would help in managing multi-ligamentous knee injury.
THE EFFECT OF FENTANYL ON HEMODYNAMIC AND BISPECTRAL INDEX CHANGES DURING ANESTHESIA INDUCTION WITH PROPOFOL
Authors: H. Vegad Ashish , J. Mehta Purvi , Sorathiya Prashant
Published: August 2024

Introduction: BIS monitors are noninvasive devices that reect a signal processed EEG. Since the introduction of bispectral index in 1992, it has
steadily gained clinical acceptance as a reliable measure to monitor the effects of anaesthesia and sedation on the brain. The BIS may be used as aid
in monitoring the effects of certain anaesthetic agents; and its usage with certain anaesthetic agents may be associated with a reduction in primary
anaesthetic use and a reduction in emergence and recovery time. Use of BIS monitoring to guide anaesthetic administration may be associated with
the reduction of the incidence of awareness with recall in adults during general anaesthesia and sedation. To observed THE EFFECT OF Aims:
FENTANYL ON HEMODYNAMIC AND BISPECTRAL INDEX CHANGES DURING ANESTHESIA INDUCTION WITH PROPOFOL.
Material And Method: 40 ASA physical status I, II patients (30-60 years of age) scheduled for elective surgery are involved in this study. Patients
are divided into two groups 1. Group P : receive only propofol (Inj. Propofol 20 mg/kg/hr for 10 minutes) (n= 20), 2. Group PF : propofol + fentanyl
(Inj. Propofol 20 mg/kg/hr for 10 minutes + Inj. Fentanyl 2 mcg/kg. IV in PF group) (n=20). Results: Mean arterial blood pressure during
Induction, Intubation and 10 min after Intubation in PF group were 93.90±8.045 mmHg, 90.53±11.106 mmHg and 92.96±7.294 mmHg
respectively compared to P group were 96.50±7.222 mmHg, 96.00±9.711 mmHg and 98.45±5.157 mmHg respectively. Mean BIS score during
Induction, Intubation and 10 min after Intubation in PF group were 100.0±0.000, 55.10±2.947 and 56.55±2.854 respectively compared to P group
100.0±0.000, 54.35±3.424 and 54.20±2.420 respectively. Conclusion: This study shows that fentanyl modies hemodynamic changes during
induction of anaesthesia with Propofol without affecting BIS response. Propofol administration at a rate of 20mg/kg/hr for 10-minute period is
suitable for achieving unconsciousness and suppression of arousal reaction to tracheal intubation. However, the addition of fentanyl is required to
blunt the hemodynamic response to intubation.
FROM TRAUMA TO TENSION PNEUMOCEPHALUS: A CASE REPORT WITH DIAGNOSTIC REVIEW
Authors: Gautam Abhishek , S. Mahantshetti Prakash
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Tension pneumocephalus, caused by pressurized air within the cranial cavity, is a neurosurgical emergency. Differentiation from
uncomplicated pneumocephalus is critical for proper diagnosis and treatment. A 63-year-old male wit Case Report: h a history of a road trafc
accident presented with neurological symptoms, including limb weakness and speech disturbances. Imaging revealed tension pneumocephalus,
and the patient underwent successful bifrontal craniotomy with sinus repair. Tension pneumocephalus Discussion: can result from trauma, surgery,
or sinus pathology and presents with various neurological decits. Anesthetic agents and therapies like hyperbaric oxygen can exacerbate the
condition. Radiological signs aid diagnosis, but clinical deterioration is the key indicator for surgical intervention. Prompt Conclusion:
identication and treatment of tension pneumocephalus are essential. Differentiating it from benign pneumocephalus is crucial for effective
management, relying on clinical and radiological assessment.
COMPARISON OF POST OPERATIVE RECOVERY BETWEEN OPEN VS LAPAROSCOPIC APPENDECTOMY
Authors: Bhatt Rudrax , Singh Goel Kanwar , Singla Sapna , Goel Nikhil , Tanwar Manjit
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Appendicectomy has been one of the commonest emergency procedures in surgery. Appendicectomy may be performed as a
laparoscopic or as an open operation. Open appendicectomy (OA) through laparotomy has been the gold standard for more than a century as far as
surgical removal of appendix is concerned. This study to aim comparison of post operative recovery between open vs laparoscopic appendectomy.
Method : Patients diagnosed clinically or by imaging technique as appendicitis were recruited in the study. Patients were randomly divided into
two groups, and written consent was obtained from each patient. A total of 60 patients of appendicitis of all ages and both sexes were included in the
study. To compare post operative pain, hospital stay, surgical site infection between these two group. This study include a total 60 patients. Results :
Patients in laparoscopic appendectomy group signicantly reported lower post op pain, hospital stay & surgical site infection. This Conclusion:
study suggests laparoscopic appendectomy's post operative pain, stay, ssi. Is improved.
A RARE CASE OF EPSTEIN BAR VIRUS (EBV) INDUCED SECONDARY HEMOPHAGOCYTIC LYMPHOHISTYOCYTOSIS (HLH)
Authors: Bhusara Sujitkumar Chnadrashbhai , Bharatbhai Koshia Jemish , Twinkle Vaishnaw , Purnima Kumari , Shahid M Shaikh
Published: August 2024

Background: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is rare but very severe clinical syndrome of hyperinammation caused by a
dysfunctional decient down regulation of immune response, which leads to potentially life threatening complications. Viral infections with
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are a well-recognised trigger of HLH but the treatment of such cases is not well-dened. Clinical Description: We
describe here a case of 7years old female who developed hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy that later developed haemorrhagic
manifestations, pyomeningitis as neurological manifestation of HLH, who Despite of giving aggressive treatment with multiple agents succumbed
to illness. Management: Treatment of secondary HLH can be achieved with the help of the standard HLH-2004 regimen. However, the
medication protocol needs to be adapted depending on its cause. Conclusion: This case report aims to underline the diagnostic challenges of HLH,
potential of primary EBV infection to cause fulminant HLH, as well as its potentially lethal, haemorrhagic complications. There is meaningful
work to continue in the HLH eld, and unremitting efforts that are underway will continue to improve patient outcomes.
A STUDY OF COMORBIDITIES IN ASSOCIATION WITH COVID-19 POSITIVE PATIENTS.
Authors: K. Shah Nilima , J Upadhyay Kamlesh , Rakeshkumar Vishwakarma Nirali , Solanki Umeshkumar , H. Mehta Vatsal , Chaudhary Yash
Published: August 2024

Background: Many researchers have noted the higher mortality rate of COVID-19 infections in subjects with comorbidities such as hypertension,
cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, and cancer. Further predisposing conditions are chronic kidney disease, chronic lung diseases like
asthma, neurological conditions like dementia, liver diseases, solid organ transplant, chronic respiratory disease, Down syndrome,
immunocompromised individuals, autoimmune diseases, those on long term steroid and immunomodulatory treatment and alcohol consumption.
Method: This study was a cross sectional analytical study conducted on Covid-19 Positive inpatients at Medicine Department, CHA from
September 2020 to August 2021. Result: Comparison was done between patients with comorbidities(group A) and without co-morbidities(group
B) and it was found that presenting complaints like sputum production and dysnoea as well as severity of the disease was more in group Apatients.
Biochemical parameters such as (S. creatinine (mg/dL) and D-Dimer (µg/l)), duration of hospital Stay (day) were found statistically signicant
between the two groups(p<0.0001). Higher severity of disease and mortality rate was found in group A. Conclusion:As a conclusion, pneumonialike symptoms were seen by a broad population worldwide as a result of SARS-CoV-2, and individuals with comorbidities are particularly at risk of
contacting the virus. Higher mortality risks were associated with co-infected individuals with COVID-19, including those who have HTN and
IHD. However, other comorbidities like diabetes, diseases of the lower respiratory tract, and problems with the liver and kidneys may further
aggravate the severity of COVID-19. As our study was carried out during early phase of pandemic comordity like mucormycosis was not observed
in our patients. The comorbid people must take diligent precautions like vaccination and other personal protective equipments to safeguard
themselves throughout the pandemic.
DIAGNOSTIC UTILITY OF ANTI-CYCLIC CITRULLINATED PEPTIDE ANTIBODIES IN COMPARISON WITH RHEUMATOID FACTOR, C-REACTIVE PROTEIN AND ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS
Authors: Saradava Nidhi , P. Trivedi Dhara , Nirmal Kinjal , Ladani Kruti
Published: August 2024

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inammatory joint disorder in adults and is characterized by chronic synovitis,
systemic inammation and autoantibody production. Rheumatoid factor (RF) and Anti cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA) are
commonly found in the serum of this patients and are therefore established diagnostic markers. Objectives:To compare diagnostic utility of ACPA
in comparison with Rheumatoid factor, CRPand Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Methodology:Retrospective and prospective case control
study was conducted in 80 patients and 20 control group at tertiary care center. Results: Anti-CCP was 92.5% positive in case group and 100%
negative in control group with p value<0.00001 which was statistically signicant. Correlation between Anti-CCPand RF showed signicant titers
with p value <0.001. Results were variable with respect to CRP and ESR. Conclusion: Anti-CCP is more specic than the other parameters for the
diagnosis of RA.
Management of Malignant Biliary Strictures: Experience from an Endoscopic Unit
Authors: Essadni Y. , Acharki M. , Salihoun M. , Serraj I. , Kabbaj N.
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Malignant biliary strictures have been increasingly prevalent in recent years. These tumors are often managed palliatively, with biliary drainage being the primary therapeutic approach. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with stenting remains the gold standard technique for biliary drainage. The aim of this study is to evaluate the success and failure rates of different biliary drainage techniques and assess the success rate of biliary stent placement. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive study conducted from March 2015 to January 2023, including all patients with tumor-related biliary strictures who underwent palliative biliary drainage. Results: 388 patients were included. The average age was 61.2 years, with a male predominance of 61.8%. 98.9% of patients presented with cholestatic jaundice. The average levels of Total Bilirubin and C-reactive protein (CRP) were 220.11 mg/l and 62.59 mg/l, respectively. The location of the obstruction was: distal common bile duct in 54.8%, proximal common bile duct in 24.1%, confluence in 18%, intrahepatic bile ducts in 2%, and middle common bile duct in 1.3% of cases. Sphincterotomy was performed in 40.3% of cases, and precut in 33.7% of cases. The overall success rate was 90.9%. 24.1% of cases underwent a repermeabilization technique: balloon dilation in 6.9% of cases, intratumoral drilling in 5.4%, with success rates of 66% and 95%, respectively. A biliary stent was placed in 86.8% of patients. In case of ERCP failure, biliary-enteric anastomosis under endoscopic ultrasound guidance was performed in 6.6% of patients, and transhepatic drainage in 1.6% of patients. Short-term complications were noted in 10.4% of cases. Clinical and biochemical evolution at 1 month after ERCP was favorable in 86% of cases. Conclusion: Palliative drainage of malignant biliary strictures primarily relies on ERCP as the first-line approach, demonstrating satisfactory success and complication rates.
Exploring the ChatGPT Era: Finding Equilibrium between Innovation and Tradition in Education
Authors: Sain Zohaib Hassan , Ayu Sovia Mas , Thelma Chanda Chansa
Published: August 2024

The study explores the optimal integration of the AI-powered chatbot ChatGPT into educational practices. It evaluates the balance between adopting innovative technologies and preserving traditional teaching methodologies to enhance learning outcomes while addressing concerns about diminished human interaction and spreading misinformation. Utilizing qualitative research methods, the study includes semi-structured interviews with 30 educators, students, administrators, and other stakeholders and focus group discussions with 20 participants to encourage collaborative interpretation. Thematic analysis is conducted to identify recurring themes and patterns in the qualitative data. The findings reveal that while ChatGPT offers significant potential for personalized and interactive education, it also presents challenges such as understanding context and potential biases. Educators recognize the advantages of ChatGPT for generating writing prompts, assisting with storytelling, and improving vocabulary. However, there are concerns about over-reliance on technology and the risk of misinformation. The study provides practical insights for educators and policymakers on responsibly integrating ChatGPT into educational settings. Recommendations include implementing robust assessment methods, using plagiarism detection software, conducting viva voce sessions, and educating students on the ethical use of AI. Moreover, the study emphasizes the importance of maintaining academic integrity and fostering a culture of honesty. It highlights the need for continuous professional development for educators to effectively utilize AI tools and stay updated with technological advancements, underlining the evolving nature of education and the role of AI. By expanding the understanding of ChatGPT's role in education, the research underscores the necessity of balancing AI innovation with traditional pedagogical principles. It provides strategies for leveraging the benefits of AI while upholding the core values of education, ensuring responsible technology use, and promoting an ethical framework in educational environments. This approach aims to enhance learning experiences without compromising the essential human elements of teaching and learning.
Spiritual Seeking dan Flourishing Mahasiswa Seminari di Indonesia: Kontribusi dari Managing Identity
Authors: Aditya Yonathan , Martoyo Ihan
Published: August 2024

Pendidikan dan pertumbuhan spiritual sering melibatkan fase yang penuh pencarian dan pergumulan yang dapat mengganggu kesejahteraan seseorang. Namun, jika fase pergumulan pencarian ini memang menjadi bagian yang wajar dari perjalanan spiritual, maka diperlukan strategi untuk mengelolanya. Artikel ini meneliti hubungan antara fase psikologis pencarian (Quest) dan kesejahteraan (Flourishing), serta kontribusi dari dimensi Managing Identity dari konsep Diferensiasi Diri. Data diambil dari 303 mahasiswa seminari dari 28 sekolah tinggi teologi di Indonesia. Analisis regresi bertingkat menemukan bahwa Quest memang memprediksi secara negatif kesejahteraan mahasiswa seminari (β=-.13, p<.01), namun Managing Identity dari Diferensiasi Diri berkontribusi positif lebih besar pada kesejahteraan (β=.61, p<.01). Implikasi dari temuan ini akan didiskusikan. Dimensi Quest dan Diferensiasi Diri ternyata terkait erat dengan teologi Reformed, soteriologi dan eklesiologi, serta fokus pada realitas Trinitas yang menjadi model kehidupan Kristiani.
Las quilcas de Pacchana o Illomas, Arequipa, Perú.
Authors: Echevarría-López Gori-Tumi , Sobczyk Maciej , Kłaput Jan
Published: August 2024

Paccahana o Illomas, ubicado en la provincia de Condesuyos, Arequipa, es uno de los sitios con quilcas más importantes de Arequipa, con cientos de rocas marcadas con motivos y figuras, los que expresan una gran riqueza gráfica y son evidencia de una fuerte interacción social en el área. Debido a esta notable cualidad figurativa, muy característica de la región yunga de los Andes, el estudio se planteó examinar la secuencia y la cronología del sitio, para lo que se planteó una metodología de análisis visual macroscópico, basada en premisas analíticas culturalistas y gráfico-formales.
Los resultados expusieron una larga secuencia de nueve fases producción de quilcas, relacionadas a tres grandes épocas; las que se desarrollaron principalmente durante el Periodo Horizonte Temprano. Se concluye que estas quilcas exponen una tradición de producción figurativa hecha por grupos sociales con premisas conductuales variadas, y con relaciones con la cultura Siguas 1 de Arequipa, y en menor medida con la civilización Paracas de Ica.
An Assessment of Self-Awareness on the Relationship Formation among Students in Public Secondary Schools of Murang’a County, Kenya
Authors: Marubu John Mwangi , Muiru Ann , Kirimi Josephine
Published: August 2024

Self-awareness is the first step to personality development and in overcoming personality defects. One key developmental task that helps in the formation of self-awareness during adolescence is the relationship formation with significant others. However, daily forms of human relationships are becoming negatively impacted by changes in culture, parenting styles, globalization, new technologies and institutional changes with consequences in changing family structures, socialization and relations. This study, therefore, endeavours to assess self-awareness on relationship formation among students in public secondary schools in Murang’a County, Kenya.  Descriptive surveys and phenomenological designs were triangulated to provide a cohesive perspective. A mixed methodology paradigm in which qualitative and quantitative data were simultaneously collected was adopted. The target population was 101926 students, 2236 peer counsellors and 292 guidance and counselling teachers. Both random and purposive sampling techniques were used to select the research sample. The sample size was 431 participants consisting of 400 students, 21 peer counsellors and 10 guidance and counselling teachers. The data was collected using questionnaires, interview schedules and focused group discussion guides. Quantitative data was computed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 and results were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically and presented in narrative forms. Results showed a statistically significant positive relationship between self-awareness and relationship formation among secondary school students in Murang’a County. The study recommended that the Kenyan government through the Ministry of Education should revise the curriculum to offer compulsory life skills and competencies like self-awareness and interpersonal skills at all levels of education. In addition, parents and teachers encourage students to speak openly about their challenges
Assessing Awareness and Implementation of School Re-entry Policies in Primary Schools: A Study of Practices and Perceptions in Kuria East Sub-County, Migori County, Kenya
Authors: Omariba Alice , Ondieki Eusabia , Mogoi Wycliff
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the awareness and implementation of school re-entry policy in primary schools within the Kuria East Sub-County, located in Migori County, Kenya.  School Re-entry policies are crucial in facilitating the smooth return of learners, particularly girls, who drop out of school due to various reasons such as pregnancy or early marriage. The study employed a quantitative approach to gather comprehensive data. Data was collected through structured questionnaires distributed among learners. These questionnaires aimed to assess the level of awareness of existing school re-entry policy among learners and to gauge the extent to which these policies were implemented in practice. Findings from the study reveal varying levels of awareness among learners regarding school re-entry policy, with some demonstrating limited understanding of the provisions and procedures outlined in these policies. Moreover, while there is recognition of the importance of school re-entry policies in promoting educational equity and inclusion, the actual implementation faced numerous challenges. These challenges included societal attitudes towards school dropouts as a result of various factors not limited to early pregnancies and marriages, and gaps in coordination between schools, communities, and government agencies. The study also highlighted promising practices and innovative approaches adopted by some schools and community organizations to support school re-entry and retention of learners who have dropped out. These include the establishment of financial support, mentorship programs, and advocacy initiatives aimed at changing community perceptions and attitudes towards education, particularly for girls/boys. The findings underscored the need for concerted efforts by education stakeholders, government agencies, and community organizations to enhance awareness and implementation of the school re-entry policy in primary schools. Addressing the identified challenges and building upon successful practices can contribute to creating a more supportive educational environment for all learners in Kuria East Sub-County and similar contexts across Kenya. The study recommended enhanced training and sensitization programmes, community engagement, policy monitoring and evaluation among others, the school re-entry policy can be more effectively implemented, thereby enhancing educational opportunities for learners in Kuria East Sub County
An Investigation into Collaborative Stakeholder Engagement’s Effect on Teacher Professional Development Implementation in Kenya
Authors: Wafula Samuel , Likoko Sarah , Obino Paul
Published: August 2024

Quality education is attributed to the quality of teaching. Teacher Professional Development (TPD) is vital towards improved quality of teaching in Kenya. To achieve this, Teachers Service Commission (TSC) rolled out TPD, whose successful implementation is at risk due to criticism from various stakeholders. This study sought to investigate the effect of stakeholder collaboration on implementation of TPD in Kenya. It adopted a descriptive survey study design. The study targeted a population of 327349 teachers from public schools and 188 TPD coordinators from accredited TPD service providers. Using the Krejcie and Morgan Table of 1970, a sample of 384 teachers, and 8 TPD coordinators was adequate for the study. However, to increase the statistical power of the study, the researcher used a sample of 404 respondents. Simple random sampling was used to identify one institution accredited to offer TPD. Each accredited institution enrolled teachers across Kenya. Exponential non-discriminative snowball sampling was used to select teacher respondents. TPD coordinators were selected by purposive sampling. Cluster sampling was used to ensure all the regions were included in the study. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected using questionnaires and interviews respectively. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics by way of frequencies, mean and standard deviations as well as inferential statistics including Pearson correlation and simple linear regression. The findings showed a significant positive effect of stakeholder collaboration on implementation of TPD. Effects of stakeholder collaboration explained a significant proportion of variation in implementation of TPD with, (t=2.536, B =.285, p<.0001). The study concluded that an increase in stakeholder collaboration positively influenced implementation of TPD. It recommended establishment of an institution mandated to conduct TPD-related activities in Kenya and work in collaboration with relevant education sector stakeholders in order to effectively implement TPD