bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis of technological investment and industrial structure upgrading on Guangzhou’s technological innovation—Based on the perspective of data mining and intelligent computing
Authors: Jiayi Zhong
Published: April 2021

With the help of intelligent thinking programs, intelligent computing can help deal with various complex social problems and use data to study the essence of economic phenomena. Using the related theories and procedures of data mining and functional calculation, quantitative research is conducted on the impact of technological investment and industrial structure upgrading in Guangzhou on technological innovation. Quantitative research results show that there is a high degree of positive correlation between technology investment, industrial structure upgrading and technological innovation capabilities, among which technology investment has a more significant impact. Based on the results of intelligent computing, it is proposed that Guangzhou should attach importance to basic research, strengthen support for cutting-edge technologies such as big data and cloud computing, continuously optimize the environment for urban innovation and development, and actively cultivate new drivers of economic development.
Research on Enterprise Value Management of Emerging Industries in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Ye Jingyi
Published: April 2021

The arrival of the era of artificial intelligence is both an opportunity and a challenge, and the main research of artificial intelligence enterprises, belongs to the emerging industry, it is very different from the traditional industry. How to measure its enterprise value, has become a controversial issue. This article from the artificial intelligence industry analysis, combined with its particularity, through comparative analysis of all kinds of enterprise valuation method, choose the real options method to measure the value of the company, applying Schwartz - Moon model combined with Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the enterprise value of Robots(300024), find out the reasonable artificial intelligence class enterprise value evaluation model, and gives the corresponding Suggestions, helps to guide the orderly development of the industry, promote the development of artificial intelligence and innovation.
Research on Smart Campus Architecture Based on the Six Domain model of The Internet of Things
Authors: Li Gang , Zheng Chengpeng , Han Delong , Li Min
Published: April 2021

Universities across China have made great progress in the construction of smart campus with the rapid deployment of Internet of Things (IoT). But at the same time, it also exposed some problems, such as the lack of theoretical guidance, the lack of smart campus function design, the lack of overall planning and design. Based on the six domain model of IoT, this paper designs an architecture with the overall construction of smart campus as the core. The smart campus is divided into six functional domains. The information and function description of each domain are given. It provides reference for the structure design of smart campus system and intelligent solutions for the management of the school.
Based on the improvement of YOLO v3 aluminum alloy door and window profile identification method
Authors: Shuiping Li , Hao Tong
Published: April 2021

In the traditional aluminum alloy door and window profile production process, the identification of profiles mainly rely on RFID electronic labels and staff eye identification, but aluminum alloy doors and windows profiles are a wide variety, while some profile models are similar, staff difficult to judge, RFID electronic labels also have recovery difficulties, higher cost problems. Based on this, this paper proposes an aluminum alloy door and window profile identification method based on machine vision and deep learning, with YOLO v3 as the detection network, adding a separable convex network to the Darknet neural network, improving the detection accuracy and speed, and improving the K-mean clustering method to obtain a more accurate prediction box. The experimental results show that compared with SSD network and YOLO v3 network, the accuracy of improved detection network recognition is up to 0.15s, which can meet the needs of industrial production.
New Ecology of AI-Assisted Language Education
Authors: Aihua Zhu
Published: April 2021

AI-Assisted education is building new ecology in education: less cost, more efficient and more equal. Compared with traditional foreign language education, AI-Assisted foreign language education costs less, incite learners’ interests and improve efficiency. With the improvement of language level, the country embraces great discursive power.
Dynamic modelling of ship using gaussian processes and sg filter
Authors: Chen Gang , Wang Wei , Huo Cong
Published: April 2021

Dynamic modeling of surface ships is a prerequisite for intelligent navigation and ship motion control. It is easy to ignore the nonlinear and strong coupling of ship dynamics by using traditional mechanism modeling. Moreover, the obtained parameter errors will be large due to the influence of noise and multicollinearity, it is difficult to establish a high-precision ship dynamic model. This study use a data-driven nonparametric bayesian model based on gaussian process regression on dynamic modelling of ship, it can capture the strong nonlinearity and motion coupling in ship motion, and deal with the presence of uncertainty and noise. SG filter is used to smooth the data to reduce the influence of noise on modeling. The results indicate that the gaussian processes regression and the SG filter can reproduce the ship’s motion well, which is beneficial to the further development of ship control design.
Relevant Concepts, Key Technologies and Typical Application Scenarios of AI + Education
Authors: Zheng HU , He Wang
Published: April 2021

Artificial intelligence (AI) + education has become an indispensable part of China’s national strategy with regard to AI. This paper redefines relevant concepts of AI + education, studies the core technology of AI + education, and proposes a four-level systematic framework of AI + education. Besides, this paper probes into the application scenarios, typical models and main technologies of AI + education.
Research on the Influencing Factors and Fluctuation of Hous-ing price in Jinan City based on GARCH model
Authors: Li Zhengong
Published: April 2021

For a long time, the real estate industry has been identified as the pillar industry of economic growth, driving the development of the national economy. However, the continuous rise of housing prices has caused many economic and social problems. However, a sTab and healthy development of the real estate market is more conducive to people’s livelihood, so it is particularly necessary to study the factors and fluctuations affecting the real estate price. Prices are affected by multiple factors comprehensive, taking jinan as an example, the selection of 2004-2018 data of commodity house average price and its influencing factors of jinan, modeling by economics method and use the analysis software Eviews econometric analysis, thus the study situation and its changes in 15 years, jinan prices, the relationship between the influencing factors of jinan index and use the 2010-2019 monthly data to establish GARCH, TGARCH model to study the volatility.
A New Training Idea of Machine Learning in NLP
Authors: Zhou Di
Published: April 2021

Natural language processing is an important direction in the field of computer science and artificial intelligence. It studies various theories and methods that enable effective communication between humans and computers in natural language. Generally speaking, NLP can be divided into the following areas, including text retrieval, sentiment analysis, semantic role labeling, machine translation and dialogue systems. Nowadays, although artificial intelligence has achieved a certain degree of achievements in the dialogue system, there is still room for improvement. This article proposes a way to deal with multiple interactive dialogues between man and machine, so that machine dialogue can take more about the content of the conversation before and after into account and the performance of machine is closer to the real human dialogue.
Attitude Control System Design and Simulation for the SVOM Mission
Authors: Liu Shuang , Qin Genjian , Li Dong , Li Jinsong
Published: April 2021

SVOM is an astronomical satellite used to observe a collection of Gamma Ray Burst and other targets. The general pointing attitude is inertial pointing in J2000 coordinate. As the telescope’s exposure time will be 100s or even longer, the satellite platform should provide severe stability during the exposure period. This article describes the design of Attitude Control System (ACS) for SVOM satellite. First, ACS’ key performance requirements are presented which include the extremely high stability target, 0.8 arcsec/100s along Ys and Zs axes. Second, ACS hardware selected and bus design are discribed. Then, the ACS modes and transfer logic are introduced. Next, the controller design and simulation results are given. At last, the conclusion is obtained and all the required index are fulfilled by current ACS design.
Minimum battery capacity planning in wireless rechargeable sensor networks
Authors: Yi Huiyang , Shen Xiaojian , Wang Jiaqi
Published: April 2021

This paper studies the problem of the minimum battery capacity required for the normal operation of each sensor when the charging path of the mobile charger is determined. When the parameters of the wireless rechargeable sensor network are determined, the aim is to minimize the battery capacity required by each sensor, and to ensure the permanent operation of the wireless rechargeable sensor network with the minimum sensor energy consumption. By analyzing the actual working conditions of mobile charger, a linear programming model with the goal of minimizing the battery capacity of each sensor is established, Lingo is used to solve the model, and the results are verified by computer simulation. The results show that the computer simulation results are basically consistent with the model solution results, which proved the reliability of the model.
Optimization of picking in the warehouse
Authors: Shen Xiaojian , Yi Huiyang , Wang Jiaqi
Published: April 2021

This paper studies the shortest path that the pickers should follow to complete the picking task in the actual e-commerce warehouse. Firstly, the concept of relay point is introduced and the distance model of the pickers in the warehouse is established through multiple Manhattan distances, and the computer simulation method is used to obtain the precise distance of the pickers from the review station to the review station, from the stock keeping unit to the stock keeping unit and from the stock keeping unit to the review station. Then the picking problem of the picker is analogous to the TSP problem, and the shortest path that the picker walks is obtained by improving the results of the genetic algorithm. The sensitivity analysis results show that the model has good stability and prove the reliability of the model.
The robot consciousness based on empirical knowledge
Authors: Liao Yuanxiu , Yan Mingrui , Tang Suqin
Published: April 2021

How to make robot conscious is an important goal of artificial intelligence. Despite the emergence of some very creative ideas, no convincing way to realize consciousness on a machine has been proposed so far. For example, the integrated information theory of consciousness proposes that consciousness can exist in any place that can reasonably process information, whether brain or machine. It points out that a physical system must satisfy two basic conditions to cause the emergence of consciousness: it must have rich information, and it must be highly integrated. However, the theory does not give an idea of how to realize consciousness on a machine. In this paper, we propose the robot consciousness based on empirical knowledge. We believe that the empirical knowledge of robots is an important basis for robot consciousness, any cognitive experience of robot can lead to the generation of consciousness. We firstly propose a formal framework for describing robot empirical knowledge; then we discuss the robot consciousness based on its own empirical knowledge; finally, we propose a cost-oriented evolutionary method of robot consciousness.
Conceptual design of combat software operation test
Authors: Yuanbo Xiong , Nuo Cheng , Yang Lin
Published: April 2021

In modern wars, software systems are the same important as hardware systems. At present, the test and appraisal institutions gradually pay more attention to software performance and operational use inspection[1]. At this stage, the test design and evaluation can’t answer whether the software can meet the actual combat and training requirements of the army, whether it can adapt to the specific task requirements under the realistic environment, whether it can adapt to the working requirements of multi arms and multi system equipment system under the condition of joint operations. Some software systems become furnishings cumbersome and many other strange appearances, because of the lack of real and objective evaluation, which urgently need to be implemented in the field under the real or mimetic real combat environment, the design of combat test and assessment of software system should be strengthened. Aiming at the current urgent need, this paper designs the software system combat test system.
Damping Optimization of High Pressure Rotor Support Based on Harmonic Response Analysis
Authors: Shuming Li , Yujia Wang
Published: April 2021

In order to reduce the vibration of aero-engine passing the critical speed, the vibration of aero-engine passing the critical speed is optimized through in-depth analysis of the supporting damping and dynamic characteristics of aero-engine high pressure rotor system. Firstly, the high pressure rotor of an aero-engine is modeled by SolidWorks 3D software. Then the dynamic characteristics of the high pressure rotor model were analyzed by using ANSYS finite element analysis software. Finally, the parametric design module of ANSYS is used to optimize the supporting damping of the model. The simulation results show that the parametric design of the supporting damping of the high pressure rotor can effectively reduce the vibration of the high pressure rotor passing the critical speed.
Research on EMU on-condition maintenance Process Based on Advance Warning
Authors: Qiao Chengzhen , Zhang Weijiao , Li Yan , Li Chaoxu
Published: April 2021

According to the maintenance characteristics of EMU, design EMU on-condition maintenance rule model. Suggestions for EMU maintenance are put forward based on EMU on-condition maintenance rule model. In addition, the maintenance advice will be passed to EMIS. In the EMIS plan, the job model to carry on the process structure comprehensive penetration, and the results are fed back to the on-condition maintenance model as input data..
Analysis of variation in reference evapotranspiration and its driving factors in mainland China from 1960 to 2016
Authors: Wu Dong , Fang Shibo , Tong Xingyuan , Wang Lei , Zhuo Wen , Pei Zhifang , Wu Yingjie , Zhang Ju , Li Mengqian
Published: April 2021

Understanding the variation in reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is vital for hydrological cycles, drought monitoring, and water resource management. With 1507 meteorological stations and 130 radiation-measured stations, the annual and seasonal ETo were calculated at each site from 1960 to 2016 in mainland China. The phenomenon of coefficient ‘a’ being less than 0.25 and coefficient ‘b’ being greater than 0.50 in the Angstrom–Prescott model occurred in almost the whole country, except for a small area of western and northeastern China. Moreover, the Xiao’s method was more applicable to calculate the net longwave radiation (R
nl) and then improve the estimation accuracy of ETo. The annual ETo varied from 538.8 to 1559.8 mm and had a high-value center located in the plateau and desert of northwestern China and a low-value center located in Northeast China and near the Sichuan Basin. The spatial distribution of seasonal ETo was roughly similar to that of annual ETo, except for that in winter when ETo was high in the south and low in the north. In mainland China, the annual ETo decreased by 21.2 mm decade−1 because of the declining sunshine duration before 1993 and increased by 21.1 mm decade−1 due to the decreased relative humidity (RH) after 1993. Generally, the abrupt change of ETo mainly occurred in the southern China rather than northern China (except for Qinghai Tibet Plateau). Basically, the dominant driving factors of annual and seasonal ETo were RH and/or T
max after the abrupt change in most parts of China.
Land conversion and availability of agricultural land in 2035 in Puncak Area Bogor Regency
Authors: Jaya B , Rustiadi E , Fauzi A , Pravitasari A E
Published: April 2021

Land conversion is the result of a complex interaction between physical, social, and economic activities in land use as human activities in natural resource management. Currently, the land conversion phenomenon is a common sight that we often encounter at any time. As happened in the Puncak area of Bogor Regency, land conversion, the increasing demand for land, has led to increasing land conversion. This study aims to (1) identify land conversion in Bogor Regency in 2005-2015, (2) predict agricultural land conversion in 2035 based on land use trends in Puncak District, Bogor Regency. The analytical methods used are remote sensing techniques, spatial analysis, and making land-use scenarios with GIS and ANN analysis. The results showed that land conversion in Puncak Subdistrict, Bogor Regency during 2005-2019 caused the area of agricultural land to decrease by an average of 82.59 hectares every year due to conversion to developed land and open land. From the prediction of changes in agricultural land area in 2035, it shows a decrease in rice fields and fields on average 60.90 hectares every year. However, the plantation area has increased by an average of 24.35 hectares every year due to the conversion from forest and shrubs.
Field load test and Performance Evaluation of Rainbow Bridge with Sling and Leaning Tower Curved Arch
Authors: Nie Ruifeng , Liu Deqing , Li Shuo , Li Songhui
Published: April 2021

Finite element model of a suspension inclined tower arch composite structure pedestrian bridge was established based on Midas Civil. The bearing capacity was calculation and static and dynamic numerical analysis were carried out, and load capacity, loading position and field test cases were developed. The test results under various load cases were obtained based on field dynamic and static load test, and compared with the calculated values. Results show that: test values have good consistency with the calculated values. The bridge keep in elastic state during the test process, means that the bridge can better meet the current design load demand, but with low bearing capacity redundancy.
The establishment of a comprehensive evaluation model of productivity construction projects in the Sichuan Basin
Authors: Xu Ling , Xiao Yang , Zhang Juan , Li Zhigang , Guo Zhuohan , Cheng Xiaowen
Published: April 2021

In the process of natural gas productivity construction in the Sichuan basin, in order to carry out the technical and economic feasibility demonstrations based on the productivity of the construction project, it is necessary to establish an integrated productivity and economic risk evaluation model based on the productivity prediction of natural gas and considering the impacts of economic benefits and various risks. Based on the economic evaluation of productivity construction projects, this paper analysed the risk evaluation standards of productivity construction projects in the Sichuan basin and quantified risk indicators at all levels, then used 0-1 regularization method and Monte-Carlo technique to establish the risk evaluation model, and finally achieved projects scheme scheduling and multi-scenario, multi-scheme target optimal combination by synthesizing the economic evaluation model, risk evaluation model, and comprehensive evaluation model established by AHP method of productivity construction projects.
Effect of Acid Concentration on Thermal Stability of nitrocellulose (NC) for Civil Use
Authors: Wang Qiong , Gu Yan , Ren Chunyan , Liu Hongni , Su Pengfei
Published: April 2021

The effect of acid concentration in nitrocellulose (NC) on thermal stability of NC for civil use was studied using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The thermal explosion temperature (Tb) and kinetic parameters of NC thermal decomposition were calculated using different methods based on the thermal decomposition behaviors of NC in high pressure-gold plated stainless steel crucible at different heating rates. The results show that acid content in NC reduces the stability of NC remarkably, including reducing the characteristic decomposition temperature such as peak temperature (Tp), onset temperature (Tonset), initial temperature (T0) and critical temperature of thermal explosion (Tb). The big difference between NC with different acid content is that the relative quantity of activation energy and the change trend of activation energy. The most interesting thing is that NC with more acid content has the lower characteristic temperature but higher calculated activation energy.
Selection of unmanned aerial vehicles equipped with electric field sensors for detecting deteriorated insulators
Authors: Liu Yaowen
Published: April 2021

With the rapid development of UHV, the demand for power line inspections continues to increase. The optical electric field method is the current cutting-edge insulator detection method, which is accurate. Mounting it on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) can expand detection advantages, improve detection efficiency, and ensure safe electricity use. UAVs are currently developing rapidly, and there are many types of UAVs on the market. Due to the principle of the electric field method for detecting insulators and the real environment of power inspection site, there are certain requirements for UAVs. Therefore, we are striving to compare and analyze the UAVs on the market, and conclude that the optimal UAV choice for power line inspection is the quad-rotor UAV. Finally, the application will be promoted to provide reference and ideas for the inspection of oil pipelines. Introduction.
EEG Neurofeedback Training Among Adult with Attention Deficit: A Review Article
Authors: Alaros Eshrak , Handayani Dini Oktarina Dwi , Yaacob Hamwira , Lubis Muharman
Published: April 2021

Neurofeedback is considered a promising therapy for boosting cognitive skills, which 10% of the US medical sector is using as a new training method among patients. Attention is a significant mechanism for learning and is essential for life in general. As the person grows up the level of responsibilities also increases, which needs high concentration in doing normal activities. To succeed in any activity, neurofeedback therapy needs to check brain waves to locate the problem in the brain and train it. This paper aims to review the attention deficit treatment based on neurofeedback using a systematic review method. The results found that the common features are the area of EEG (Frontal, central) in the brain, type of tools and software, time of training and the impact upon the trainer. Neurofeedback showed improvement of brain attention-ability for a longer time as well as reduction in recovery time in case of a disturbance interruption.
Raspberry Pi Based IoT for Aquaculture Realtime Remote Monitoring System with Self Energy Harvesting
Authors: Abdullah Harnan M. , Hariati Anik M. , Fakhri M. , Yuniarti A.
Published: April 2021

Temperature and pH are two essentials water quality parameters in shrimp culture. Therefore, monitoring these two variables is very important to improve productivity in aquaculture. In this study, a monitoring system was created to monitor the two variables in the pond. For this reason, Raspberry Pi IoT based hardware and software has been made to carry out the monitoring function. Monitoring data is automatically sent to online servers using a cellular internet network. For electrical power needs, remote devices are equipped with solar power plants. The results showed that the system could read the temperature and pH of the water accurately and sent it to an online server. There is a web-based calibration menu that allows users to easily calibrate sensors. Moreover, a user interface is also made to display the sensor readings data that has been stored in the database. In conclusion, the monitoring system is applicable for water quality data logger in the field operation with user friendly operation.
Sulphate and chloride resistance of vermiculite blended concrete
Authors: Kiran Kumar N , Damodhara Reddy B , Sasidhar C.
Published: April 2021

In the construction industry lot of natural sand is being used in the preparation of concrete. Levels of natural sand are depleting day by day. The cost of natural sand is also increasing every day. Therefore, there is a need for alternative materials to natural sand. In this study, exfoliated vermiculite is replacing natural sand partially. Vermiculite at 5%, 10%, and 15% is used for replacement. The concrete cubes are cast for M 30 grade to determine the optimal percentage of replacement of natural sand by vermiculite. In this study, coarse aggregate used includes both normal aggregate and recycled aggregate. The water-cement ratio of 0.45 is adopted. The durability tests conducted include the sulfate resistance Test and the chloride resistance test. The cost analysis was also done and results are presented. The test results are promising when vermiculite was used to replace natural sand at 10%.
Exploring nanotechnology for diagnostic, therapy and medicine
Authors: Chithrakumar T. , Thangamani M , Pon miruthu vasini S.
Published: April 2021

In current days, knowledge enhancement is growing more. Nanotechnology can applied to self-repeating machines and mechanical technology, compound designing, mechanical designing, science, natural designing, and electrical designing. Nanotechnology has the great preference to improves produce new and superior product. Nanomaterials to perceive avoid and eliminate pollution. Nanotechnologies are blueprint, invention and applied in medicine, therapy, diagnostic, sequencing and environmental protection. The usage of nanotechnology is rapidly increases in entire future market. This article explore the nanotechnology for medicine, diagnostic and therapy.
Blue Water Footrpint- Industrial Water Consumption Nexus: A Case of Water Supply for Industrial Activities in Semambu Water Treatment Plant
Authors: Aziz E A , Moni S N , Yussof N
Published: April 2021

Water supply and industrial activities have a common attribute of being insufficient water resources. Both are involved in water footprint and water consumption Nexus, meaning that industrial water consumption is impacting the water footprint of water treatment plants within the same area. Therefore, in order to achieve the environmental sustainability of water resource, the requirement of having effective approach in water utilisation accounting is crucial. Thus, water consumption for industrial activities and water footprint of Semambu water treatment plant has been a case study to link the nexus. As the industrial development is expanding each year, water demand for water supply also increases. Generally, heavy industrial activities consume more water than the other types of industries. In this study, heavy industrial activities of water consumption show an impact towards total water footprint of the particular water treatment plant in Kuantan river basin. In 2018, the percentage of highest industries that exist is manufacturing sector with 32% while the lowest is 1% compared to 2015, 2016 and 2017 that only scored 30% for manufacturing sector respectively. This shown that there is an increment growth in manufacturing sector in 2018 when they suddenly go up 2% higher compared to 3 years previously. The results focus on total water footprint accounting of Semambu water treatment plant (WTP) and the impact of total blue water consumptions for industrial activities. Finally, total water footprint of water treatment plants in Kuantan river basin will be sustained to cater the industrial needs except for Semambu WTP since Semambu is a gazetted area for industrial. Hence the new method of water utilisation for the industrial activities must be proposed to decrease the dependent towards WTP, especially in Semambu area.
Compressive Sensing: Methods, Techniques, and Applications
Authors: Upadhyaya Vivek , Mohammad Salim Dr.
Published: April 2021

According to the latest research, it is very much clear that in future we require a huge amount of data as modern advancement in communication and signal processing generates a large number of bytes some examples are 5G peak data rate about 300 Mb/sec, an image of black hole required several petabytes to store & in medical signal processing huge amount of data required. So, by these examples, we can easily understand the scarcity of storage in near future. To overcome this problem of data scarcity such type of data compression is required in which the information of the signal will not be degraded. A well-known method is Compressive Sensing which can easily tackle this problem of data compression.
Prediction and Classification of Lung Cancer Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Chaturvedi Pragya , Jhamb Anuj , Vanani Meet , Nemade Varsha
Published: April 2021

In all the disease that have existed in mankind lung cancer has emerged as one of the most fata one time and again. Also, it is one of the most common and contributing to deaths among all the cancers. Cases of lung cancer are increasing rapidly. There are about 70,000 cases per year in India. The disease has a tendency to be asymptomatic mostly in its earlier stages thus making it nearly impossible to detect. That’s why early cancer detection plays an important part in saving lives. An early detection can give a patient a better chance to cure and recover. Technology plays a major role in detecting cancer efficiently. Many researchers have proposed different methods based on their studies. In recent times, to use computer technology to solve this problem, several computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) techniques as well as system have been proposed, developed as well as emerged. Those systems use various Machine learning techniques as well as deep learning techniques, there also have been several methods based off of image processing-based techniques to predict the malignancy level of cancer. Here, in this paper, the aim will be focussed onto list, discuss, compare and analyse several methods in image segmentation, feature extraction as well as various techniques to classify and detect lung cancer in there early stages.
Study on the effect of sintered flyash aggregate and steel fibre on the properties of high performance concrete
Authors: Pradeep P , Beena Mol M
Published: April 2021

Light weight aggregates are better solutions for making the structure light weight and they are widely used in construction. Other than the light weight behaviour, the porous nature of these aggregates helps in retaining water content and aids in curing the concrete. Sintered flyash aggregate (SINTAG) is a type of light weight aggregate that can be used as coarse aggregate in concrete. Water content retained through presoaking these aggregates helps in extended hydration of cementitious materials and can increase the strength of concrete even in the absence of proper external curing practice. Steel fibre reinforcement can increase the tensile and flexural strength of concrete. Presoaked SINTAG was added by replacing various percentages of coarse aggregate volume in concrete and steel fibre was added at different percentages by volume of concrete. It was obtained that 20% replacement of coarse aggregate by volume with SINTAG increased the strength of normal concrete by 26.7 % and split tensile strength increased by 2.8%. Addition of steel fibres to SINTAG concrete at 1% increased its compressive strength additionally by 6.2% and tensile strength additionally by 35.1%. Durability studies showed that chloride ion penetration of normal and SINTAG incorporated concrete were low. Water permeability tests revealed that normal, SINTAG and fibre reinforced SINTAG concretes can be used for water retaining structures as well as aggressive environments. Flexural strength of normal RCC beam increased 7.7% when SINTAG was incorporated while it again increased 9.6% when steel fibre was added. Fibre reinforced SINTAG concrete beam showed much less deflection compared to normal and SINTAG beams.
A methodology for the effective use of materials in concrete paving block
Authors: Edayadiyil J B , Mathew S , Joy M
Published: April 2021

For a long time, concrete paving blocks have been broadly utilized in different countries as a specialized problem-solving technique to provide pavement in areas where, traditional forms of construction were less robust due to several drawbacks. Low maintenance, ease of placing and evacuation and quick use after installation make it best fit for various utilizations where the conventional pavement technologies are not practical or desirable. So there emerges a dynamic enthusiasm for the concepts of the mix design process for the development of concrete paving blocks arises. This paper aims to develop an optimized mix design for concrete paver blocks for medium traffic as per relevant codes, considering quality and economy. To maximise the particle packing density of concrete, the packing density approach was used here. The method of packing density receipt maximises the concrete material packing density by selecting the perfect measure of different aggregates to fill the voids, allowing a denser and firmer structure. The higher degree of particle packing contributes to minimum voids, maximum density, and thus fewer cement and water demands, leading ideal medium traffic design.
A critical review on the factors influencing the design of test methods for assessing acid attack in concrete
Authors: Mariam Ninan Chinnu , Ramaswamy K P , Sajeeb R
Published: April 2021

Concrete being alkaline in nature is highly vulnerable to acidic environment. When concrete is exposed to industrial effluents, the acids in these effluents alter the chemical equilibrium of cement matrix resulting in microstructural deterioration. Currently, there are no standard procedures for assessing the performance of concrete subjected to acid attack. In order to develop such test methods, explicit knowledge about the factors influencing test method for assessing the acid attack is imperative. This paper outlines the need to develop such test methods and also classifies the factors influencing the selection of test methods as test condition related factors, specimen related factors and acid related factors. Test condition related factors comprises of the testing environment adopted for the study. The test should simulate the actual conditions and type of attack expected to occur at the field, which can be achieved through replenishment of acid solution, alternate wetting and drying, abrasion etc. Specimen related factors deal with the physical properties of the specimen used whereas the acid related factors include various aspects of acid chosen for the study other than its material properties. As the surface area to volume ratio of the specimen increases, more surface area is exposed to the chemical attack, which hastens the rate of deterioration. Also, the ratio of volume of acid solution to specimen enhances rate of concrete degradation. Hence, many factors together have to be considered and studied properly while designing a test method for assessing acid attack.
Liquefaction resistance improvement of silty sands using cyclic preloading
Authors: Akhila M , Rangaswamy K , Sankar N
Published: April 2021

Liquefaction induced damages are plenty and cause various levels of destruction to civil engineering infrastructure. It is possible to prevent liquefaction-induced hazards by understanding the mechanism and adopting some improvement techniques or design the structure to resist the soil liquefaction. In the present study, the influence of cyclic preloading on the liquefaction resistance of sand-silt mixtures is analyzed by conducting undrained cyclic triaxial tests on the cylindrical samples reconstituted at medium dense conditions (Dr = 50%). All samples were tested at an effective confining pressure of 100 kPa by varying the cyclic stress ratios (CSR) in the range of 0.127 to 0.178 using a sinusoidal waveform of frequency 1 Hz. The results are presented in the forms of the pore pressure build-up, axial strain variation and liquefaction resistance curves. Test results indicate that the liquefaction resistance of silty sands is increased substantially with the application of preload under drained conditions.
Analysis of tall chimney with piled raft foundation under wind load using ANSYS
Authors: Mathew A S , Mohan R P
Published: April 2021

Chimneys are the principal structures in any industry that emits pollutants to higher parts of the atmosphere. The geometrical traits of the chimney are so unique that it has slender dimensions and tapering geometry and therefore the analysis and design of chimney and other forms of tower structures should be carried out individually. Nowadays chimney heights have gone up from 100 m to more than 400 m according to the purpose that it serves. These tall chimneys are very sensitive to wind loads. Wind load is one of the most important parameters that affect the response of tall building’s chimneys. When tall chimneys are subjected to wind load, it may undergo lateral deflection. It also leads to the development of radial and tangential moments along with base moments. The dynamic wind effects on chimneys by analytical procedures are intricate and take a great amount of time. To analyze and further improve the response of chimneys, analysis using commercial finite element (FE) software ANSYS is carried out. Chimney with and without providing stiffeners is analyzed using ANSYS and the lateral deflection and bending moment found from the chimney models are compared. This method is more economical and time-saving.
Planning for resilient transport infrastructure for disaster prone area – Case study of Munnar town
Authors: Salini P N , Saran M S , Sabitha N M , Sreeja S S
Published: April 2021

Critical infrastructure networks, including transport, are crucial to the social and economic function of urban areas and the state as a whole but are at increasing risk recently from natural hazards. Minimizing disruption to the transportation networks should form part of a strategy to increase resilience of infrastructure. The recent flood and landslide havocs in Kerala had a devastating effect in the state particularly in hilly regions like Munnar, wherein the landslides will aggravate the devastating effect of rain havoc. Absence of a resilient transportation network was well evident while the evacuation plans were sought for. This highlights the necessity of providing a befitting and robust transport means which would remain useful in all such tough times of emergency requirements for saving lives. This paper presents a GIS mapping of disaster affected locations in the roadway network of the study region. Alternate routes were identified which have the potential to be developed into all-weather bituminous surfaced roads for emergency use in times of disasters. Also, shelter locations are identified for emergency relief operations and were analyzed and mapped in GIS platform with attribute data regarding their accessibility. Hydrological studies were conducted in the study area in order to find the total discharge during the flood, the direction of flow, the flow accumulation, etc.
Salinity reduction in well water using zeolite
Authors: Sruthy M R , Akhila M , Rose Davis Neena
Published: April 2021

Saline water intrusion is one of the global issues, which increases the demand for freshwater around the coastal region. The saline content in drinking water makes so many health impacts on human beings. There are many new technologies available for reducing salinity such as desalination, membrane technologies, reverse osmosis, etc. But these are expensive too. There is a need for cost-effective treatment which is suitable for domestic purpose in coastal regions. In this paper, a new technique is introduced which reduces the saline content in groundwater by installing this barrier device in wells of coastal regions. A non-woven Geo textile along with natural zeolite is used as a filter cum adsorption unit. Tests results show a decrease in electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids with an increase in filter thickness for all selected salt concentrations irrespective of the adsorbent materials used viz., natural zeolite and thermally activated natural zeolite. This indicated a reduction in chloride ions as the only salt added to the water samples tested was commercial salt. Authors suggest that a thermally activated zeolite filter could be a possible cost-effective, efficient and easy solution for increasing saline water intrusion issues in coastal drinking water wells.
Comparison of hydrodynamic and sediment transport model for dam break analysis over mobile bed
Authors: Sruthi S , Reeba T
Published: April 2021

A dam failure causing uncontrolled release of impounded water can cause considerable damage to life and properties. The intensity of the failure of dams varies depending on the extent of the flood characteristics, the size of the flooded area, the size of the population at risk and the time available for warning. In addition to this, huge morphological changes also occur at the downstream of the dam due to the dam break flood. This leads to the need for an analysis of sediment transport, together with the hydrodynamic analysis of the dam break flow, to provide a realistic picture of its devastating impact. This study uses an open source CFD software named TELEMAC-MASCARET to prepare a numerical model to simulate a 2-D dam break flow over mobile bed. A hydrodynamic model and an integrated model that comprises of sediment transport analysis are prepared and the results are compared to determine the most effective model for a 2-D dam break analysis. The study indicates that the integrated model performs better than the hydrodynamic model and replicates the real scenario more adequately.
Identification of water scarce regions of kunthipuzha river basin using water allocation tool
Authors: Neethu Sidharth P , Thomas Reeba
Published: April 2021

Water scarcity and consequent droughts are of serious concern for almost all countries around the world. Since climate change is expected to exacerbate the already existing water stresses, the improvement of water efficiency against water scarcity and drought is very much important. The study aims at pin pointing the water stressed areas in Kunthipuzha River basin so that management practices can be suggested for the identified areas to minimize the water scarcity problems. To contribute towards this goal, Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) model is used, which is a Decision Support System (DSS) to assess water availability and investigate the impacts of different water allocation scenarios (water demand management strategies) aimed at meeting various sectorial water demands. The results from the study revealed that out of 13 sub basins of Kunthipuzha, 2 comes under severely stressed, 2 under moderately stressed and 3 under lowly stressed regions. The results derived can be used in future to work out feasible management practices for mitigating the water scarcity problems.
Shoreline-change detection at kodungallur – chettuva region in kerala state
Authors: Amrutha T K , Reeba T
Published: April 2021

Coastline of Kerala has been experiencing severe erosion/accretion in the past decades, making it vulnerable to coastline changes alike other parts of the world. For a densely populated state like Kerala, the coastal erosion has become a critical issue because of the acute shortage of land especially due to large population density in the coastal zone. This paper mainly aims to prepare shoreline maps using ERDAS IMAGINE and ArcGIS.3 software’s, and to determine shoreline change occurred in the last two decades using DSAS software and identify the most vulnerable area susceptible to shoreline-changes. The study area selected is Kodugallur-Chettuva coastal region in Kerala State. From this study, it is found that the maximum change in shoreline occurred at Vadanappally with a magnitude of 726m due to erosion and at Koorikuzhi with a magnitude 94 m due to accretion. Other critical hotspots found in the study area are Engandiyoor, Palapetty, Poklai, Aattupuram, Kara and Azhikode. It is high time to strategically plan and implement hard/soft coastal protection measures to slow down or prevent further coastal erosion.
Delineation of water body from Sentinel 2 MSI imagery – A comparative study
Authors: Sherjah P Y , Sajikumar N
Published: April 2021

Remote sensing gives a synoptic view of the extent of water area and also assists in understanding the spatial and temporal variations in the water surface coverage. Several methods have been adopted for extracting water pixels from an imagery. Delineation of water bodies has been attempted based on threshold values at a single band, band ratios or normalized difference indices. The accuracy of a method depends on the geophysical and spectral characteristics of the area of study. The present study attempts to compare the performance of widely used water extraction indices NDWI, MNDWI, SNN with the water pixels extracted by atmospheric correction processors C2RCC and Acolite. The Sentinel 2 imageries of the northern region of Vembanad Lake has been used for the study. The comparison on these methods indicated that C2RCC could extract even the finer streams that were not identified by most of the other methods. The presence of turbidity may be a reason for these pixels to be unidentified by the other methods. The temporal variations in the water surface coverage was also attempted here, by comparing the water area in March 2019, October 2019, December 2019.
Techno-economic assessment of air cooling/ventilating methods for the college convention center
Authors: Ananda M H , Raghavendra K , Ballaji Adithya , Ankaiah Burri , Sagar B S , Raghu C N , Doddabasappa N
Published: April 2021

The present building of college convention center posing the problem of improper ventilated and heated atmosphere in most of its parts during large gathering programs. Major part of the building exposed to the sun the roof being heated throughout the day. The additional heat gain is adding up from occupants, light appliances etc. Since there is no provision for the exhaust, it is posing the problem of heated air inside the building. Making the people sweat and suffocate due to lack of fresh or sufficient air circulation. Looking at the climatic zone and the use of convention center for few hours in a day over few days in a year. This paper includes inspection and evaluation of convention center building for establishing balanced thermal atmosphere and improving air quality that satisfies the majority of occupants. Different techniques and methods of building cooling like air cooler and wind turbo rooftop air ventilators are considered. It is proposed to go for low cost natural rooftop ventilation supplemented with additional fans or air coolers at strategic points for improved ventilation and thermal comfort for occupants. Following the concepts of passive cooling techniques or adopting retrofits reduces heat generation and energy consumption.