bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drone Based Quantification of Channel Response to an Extreme Flood for a Piedmont Stream
Authors: Heritage George , Entwistle Neil
Published: August 2019

The influence of extreme floods on the form and functioning of upland systems has concentrated on the erosive impact of these flows. They are seen to be highly competent with coarse sediment transport rates limited by upstream supply and moderated by the ‘blanketing’ effect of an armour layer. This study investigates the effect of extreme events on the upland sediment cascade subjected to a recent extreme rainfall-induced flood event. The drone-based survey generated orthophotography and a DEM surface, which was compared with historic LiDAR data. This allowed erosion and deposition to be quantified and the surface micro-variation used to characterise stable and mobile sediment. The idealised model of sediment residence time increasing downstream is questioned by the findings of this study as relatively little coarse bedload sediment appears to have been transferred downstream in favour of initial local channel erosion (moderated by legacy large sediment), mid-reach palaeo-channel reactivation, sub-channel infilling and downstream deposition of the majority of mobilised sediment across berm and bar surfaces within the active inset channel margins. Channel margin erosion was largely limited to fine sediment stripping moderated by the re-exposure of post-glacial sediment. Only a weak relationship was found between local channel slope and deposition, with storage linked more to the presence of inset berm and bar areas within the inset active channel. Downstream fining of sediment is apparent as is a strong contrast between coarser active sub-channels and finer bar and berm areas.
NWCSAF High Resolution Winds (NWC/GEO-HRW) Stand-Alone Software for Calculation of Atmospheric Motion Vectors and Trajectories
Authors: García-Pereda Javier , Fernández-Serdán José , Alonso Óscar , Sanz Adrián , Guerra Rocío , Ariza Cristina , Santos Inés , Fernández Laura
Published: August 2019

The High Resolution Winds (NWC/GEO-HRW) software is developed by the EUMETSAT Satellite Application Facility on Support to Nowcasting and Very Short Range Forecasting (NWCSAF). It is part of a stand-alone software package for the calculation of meteorological products with geostationary satellite data (NWC/GEO). NWCSAF High Resolution Winds provides a detailed calculation of Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMVs) and Trajectories, locally and in near real time, using as input geostationary satellite image data, NWP model data, and OSTIA sea surface temperature data. The whole NWC/GEO software package can be obtained after registration at the NWCSAF Helpdesk, www.nwcsaf.org, where users also find support and help for its use. NWC/GEO v2018.1 software version, available since autumn 2019, is able to process MSG, Himawari-8/9, GOES-N, and GOES-R satellite series images, so that AMVs and trajectories can be calculated all throughout the planet Earth with the same algorithm and quality. Considering other equivalent meteorological products, in the ‘2014 and 2018 AMV Intercomparison Studies’ NWCSAF High Resolution Winds compared very positively with six other AMV algorithms for both MSG and Himawari-8/9 satellites. Finally, the Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites (CGMS) recognized in its ‘2012 Meeting Report’: (1) NWCSAF High Resolution Winds fulfills the requirements to be a portable stand-alone AMV calculation software due to its easy installation and usability. (2) It has been successfully adopted by some CGMS members and serves as an important tool for development. It is modular, well documented, and well suited as stand-alone AMV software. (3) Although alternatives exist as portable stand-alone AMV calculation software, they are not as advanced in terms of documentation and do not have an existing Helpdesk.
Rapid Assessment of Flood Inundation and Damaged Rice Area in Red River Delta from Sentinel 1A Imagery
Authors: Phan Anh , N. Ha Duong , D. Man Chuc , T. Nguyen Thuy , Q. Bui Hung , T. N. Nguyen Thanh
Published: August 2019

The Red River Delta (RRD), including 11 provinces, is one of the four largest rice-growing areas in Vietnam. Tropical storms often occur and cause serious flooding from May to October annually in the RRD, which strongly affects the productivity of the summer–autumn rice, one of two main rice crops. Therefore, the rapid assessment of damaged rice area by flooding inundation is critical for farmers and the government. In this study, we proposed a methodology for quick estimation of rice areas damaged by flooding using Sentinel 1A (S1A) imagery. Firstly, the latest rice map was produced. Then, a Near Real-Time (NRT) flood map, which is estimated from S1A images at the closest time to a flooding event, was generated by excluding the yearly permanent map from the temporal water map. Our experiment was conducted for the assessment of damaged rice area by flooding from the tropical storm named Son-Tinh, which happened on 19–21 July 2018. A Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier was applied on time-series of S1A VV with VH data (VVVH) to obtain a rice map for the winter-spring season of 2018 with 90.5% Overall Accuracy (OA) and 2.37% difference (12,544 ha) from the General Statistics Office (GSO) of Vietnam’s reports for the whole region. Then, the Otsu thresholding method was applied for permanent water surface extraction and NRT flood mapping. The estimated damaged area was compared to available provincial and communal statistics for validation and further analysis. Right after the Son-Tinh storm, the estimation of inundated rice was approximately 50% of the total rice area in the RRD (271,092 ha). As a result, rice damage level strongly corresponds to the inundation period. In addition, the rice-flooding frequency map over the RRD was estimated to show rice fields suffering a high risk of flooding during the rainy season in the RRD. Our experiment’s results highlight the potential of using Synthetic-Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery for fast monitoring and assessment of paddy rice areas affected by flooding at a large scale in the RRD region.
On the Combination of Remote Sensing and Geophysical Methods for the Digitalization of the San Lázaro Middle Paleolithic Rock Shelter (Segovia, Central Iberia, Spain)
Authors: Maté-González Miguel Ángel , Sánchez-Aparicio Luis Javier , Sáez Blázquez Cristina , Carrasco García Pedro , Álvarez-Alonso David , de Andrés-Herrero María , García-Davalillo Juan Carlos , González-Aguilera Diego , Hernández Ruiz Mario , Jordá Bordehore Luis , López Carnicero Carlos , Mora Rocío
Published: August 2019

This paper is focused on the Middle Paleolithic rock shelter called “Abrigo de San Lázaro”, placed in the Eresma River valley (Segovia, Spain). In this area, a multisource geomatic approach is used. On the one hand, the external envelope of the shelter has been digitalized by the means of an efficient combination between aerial photogrammetry and laser scanning (static and mobile). On the other hand, the ground penetrating radar and the electric tomography were used with the aim of evaluating the inner disposition of the shelter. The combination of both digitalization (external and internal) has allowed for improving the knowledge of the site characteristics that, in turn, will facilitate the future excavation works. The results of these studies allow archaeologists to know new data for a better understanding of the site formation (geology of the site, sedimentary potential, rock shelter dimensions, etc.) and the events that took place in it (knowing its historical evolution, especially the interaction between man and the environment). Additionally, the information obtained from these studies is very useful to plan future excavation works on the site.
Modeling 3D Free-geometry Volumetric Sources Associated to Geological and Anthropogenic Hazards from Space and Terrestrial Geodetic Data
Authors: Camacho Antonio G. , Fernández José
Published: August 2019

Recent decades have shown an explosion in the quantity and quality of geodetic data, mainly space-based geodetic data, that are being applied to geological and anthropogenic hazards. This has produced the need for new approaches for analyzing, modeling and interpreting these geodetic data. Typically, modeling of deformation and gravity changes follows an inverse approach using analytical or numerical solutions, where normally regular geometries (point sources, disks, prolate or oblate spheroids, etc.) are assumed at the initial stages and the inversion is carried out in a linear context. Here we review an original methodology for the simultaneous, nonlinear inversion of gravity changes and/or surface deformation (measured with different techniques) to determine 3D (three-dimensional) bodies, without any a priori assumption about their geometries, embedded into an elastic or poroelastic medium. Such a fully nonlinear inversion has led to interesting results in volcanic environments and in the study of water tables variation due to its exploitation. This methodology can be used to invert geodetic remote sensing data or terrestrial data alone, or in combination.
Soiling of Photovoltaic Modules: Comparing between Two Distinct Locations within the Framework of Developing the Photovoltaic Soiling Index (PVSI)
Authors: Alquthami Thamer , Menoufi Karim
Published: August 2019

This article evaluates the impact of dust accumulation on the performance of photovoltaic (PV) modules in two different locations inside Egypt, Cairo and Beni-Suef. Two identical PV modules were used for that purpose, where each module was exposed to the outdoor environment in order to collect dust naturally for a period of three weeks, each in its corresponding location. The approximate dust density on each of the two PV modules was estimated. Moreover, the electrical performance was evaluated and compared under the same indoor testing conditions. The results show a better electrical performance and less dust density for the PV module located in Cairo compared to that located in Beni-Suef. The results further provide an indication for the impact of soling in different locations within the same country through a clear and simple procedure. In addition, it paves the way for establishing a Photovoltaic Soiling Index (PVSI) in terms of a Photovoltaic Dust Coefficient, as well as a Photovoltaic Dust Interactive Map. The product of such concepts could be used by the Photovoltaic systems designers everywhere in order to estimate the impact of dust on the future performance of PV modules in small and large installations in different regions around the globe, and during different times of the year as well.
Can an Experience with No Car Use Change Future Mode Choice Behavior?
Authors: Sucha Matus , Viktorova Lucie , Risser Ralf
Published: August 2019

In order to determine whether an experimentally induced experience has the potential to change future travel mode choice, we recruited 10 families living in a middle-sized city who used a car at least four times a week, and made them stop using the car for one month. Each adult family member kept a travel diary and interviews were conducted prior to the experiment, after one month without a car, and then three months and one year after the experiment ended. The results suggest that the participants’ attitudes towards different transportation modes did not change during the period of the study, but their actual travel behavior did. In this respect, several factors were identified that influence travel mode choice, once the participants are made aware of the decision process and break the habit of car use.
Factors Influencing Students’ Motivation to Seek Higher Education—A Case Study at a State University in the Czech Republic
Authors: Fajčíková Adéla , Urbancová Hana
Published: August 2019

The quality of universities in the present era is the subject of ever more discussion in the Czech Republic and the EU. Quality is determined both quantitatively and qualitatively, and ever more importance is placed on ratings by students and graduates. The objective of this article is to identify and evaluate factors influencing the motivation of students to seek higher education and their expectations regarding the quality of a university. The data was obtained using questionnaire-based investigation among the students of a state university (n = 293) and was analysed using descriptive and multivariate statistics. The results identified seven factors that influence the motivation and expectations of students, of which the most significant are quality personnel providing instruction, building social status, development of competencies, and the quality of the education process in relation to employment. The recommendations presented can help other universities to implement suitable personnel marketing and to gain sustainable competitive advantage.
The Mediating Role of Business Strategies between Management Control Systems Package and Firms Stability: Evidence from SMEs in Malaysia
Authors: Haseeb Muhammad , Lis Marcin , Haouas Ilham , WW Mihardjo Leonardus
Published: August 2019

The aim of the current study was to ascertain the influence of a management control systems (MCS) package on a firm’s sustainability with the help of mediating variables such as differentiation and cost leadership strategy in Malaysian small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Data were collected from managers working in Malaysian SMEs. A total of 384 questionnaires was finally used for analysis using SmartPLS 3.8.2. Area cluster sampling was used for data collection, and seven out of sixteen clusters were selected randomly. These included Selangor, Johor, Kuala Lumpur, Sabah, Penang, Sarawak, and Perak because these seven states cover 73.9% of total SMEs. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was also used to examine the reliability and validity, and structural model assessment was used to test the relationship between variables. Findings revealed that an MCS package had a positive influence on a firm’s sustainability, cost leadership, and differentiation strategy. Moreover, cost leadership and differentiation strategy have a significant and positive influence on a firm’s sustainability. In addition, cost leadership strategies and differentiation strategies significantly mediate between the MCS package and a firm’s sustainability. This research assesses the influence of the MCS package through cost leadership and differentiation strategy on a firm’s sustainability of Malaysian SMEs. It helps top management to focus on the MCS package and business strategies in attaining a firm’s long-term sustainability. Finally, research recommendations discuss that the present study helps future researchers and academicians.
Land Degeneration due to Water Infiltration and Sub-Erosion: A Case Study of Soil Slope Failure at the National Geological Park of Qian-an Mud Forest, China
Authors: Rui Xiangjian , Nie Lei , Xu Yan , Wang Hong
Published: August 2019

Sustainable development of the natural landscape has received an increasing attention worldwide. Identifying the causes of land degradation is the primary condition for adopting appropriate methods to preserve degraded landscapes. The National Geological Park of Qian-an mud forest in China is facing widespread land degradation, which not only threatens landscape development but also endangers many households and farmlands. Using the park as a research object, we identified the types of slope failure and the factors that contribute to their occurrence. During June 2017, a detailed field survey conducted in a representative area of the studied region found two main types of slope failure: soil cave piping and vertical collapse. Physicochemical properties of the soil samples were measured in the laboratory. Results show that soil slope failure is controlled by three factors: (1) the typical geological structure of the mud forest area represented by an upper layer of thick loess sub-sandy soil and the near-vertical slope morphology; (2) particular soil properties, especially soil dispersibility; and (3) special climate conditions with distinct wet and dry seasons.
A Study on the Sustainability of the Traditional Sirinić Houses in the Šar Mountain Region, the South-Western Balkans
Authors: Kosanović Saja , Folić Branislav , Kovačević Stefan , Nikolić Ivana , Folić Ljubiša
Published: August 2019

The research of traditional rural architecture in developing regions is important to both the preservation of cultural heritage and the mitigation of the trends and consequences of unsustainable rural shifts. In the Western Balkans, for example, negative transformation of the rural environment happens more rapidly than the recording of its traditional built assets. For that reason, the objectives of the present research were to explore general and specific (sustainability-related) characteristics of traditional rural houses in the so far insufficiently studied microregion of the Western Balkans of Sirinićka Župa (Sirinić), to reveal their values and to initiate discussion of the role of heritage regeneration in sustainable rural development. Study has shown that the most significant values of Sirinić houses include opulent spatial-functional typology, distinct architectural expression, and sustainability-related quality in terms of applied materials, structural systems, and multipurpose techniques and elements, as well as a high level of spatial comfort. A necessary regeneration of the traditional houses of Sirinićka Župa must be formulated in a way that enables preservation of recognized general values and further improvement of environmental quality and climate resilience. Simultaneously, functional reactivation of traditional houses should be understood as a contribution to the sustainable development of Sirinićka Župa.
The Efficiency of Cooperation between the Participants in the Supply Chain in the Tourism-Related Branch of Industry in Relation to Client Satisfaction
Authors: Kozicka Katarzyna , Kot Sebastian , Riana I Gede
Published: August 2019

Managing a tourism supply chain is predominantly focused on managing a tourism-specific product that can be perceived as all kinds of goods and services utilized by tourists during their trips. The predominant goal of this article is to empirically identify the level of engagement of entities operating in the tourism-oriented branch of industry concerning the satisfaction of end-customers with the offered tourism-related services and products. Within the scope of this study, the statistical relevance of elements of active cooperation within a tourism-specific supply chain was analyzed. Empirical examinations covered the assessment of the cooperation within the framework of the tourism-oriented supply chain and its impact on consumer satisfaction. A research questionnaire was utilized to meet examination-specific goals. Theoretical considerations and the analysis of branches of industry in relation to the available statistical data showed that tourist-oriented supply chain covers various entities, the engagement of which may have a factual impact on the efficiency of managing the entire chain, as well as on the overall client satisfaction, improving tourism sustainability. The obtained results clearly showed that the examined entities considered the analyzed cooperation aspects to be very important with regard to the supply chain management. Said aspects included the total length of cooperation within the framework of a particular supply chain, which, according to the examined entities, directly translated into the quality of cooperation—to either significant or very significant extent, as well as making it much easier to solve certain problems that were strictly connected with the provision of tourism-oriented services. Yet another aspect of cooperation that was touched upon was the transfer of the so-called know-how between the entities engaged in a given supply chain. As proven by the examination, 70% of the surveyed entities claimed that it was of significant or very significant importance. The last analyzed aspect of cooperation were relations between the supply chain-specific partners and their impact on the satisfaction of end customers. According to over half of the sample (61.54%), decent relations between supply chain participants affected the satisfaction of end customers to a notable extent.
Sustainability and Digitalization of Corporate Management Based on Augmented/Virtual Reality Tools Usage: China and Other World IT Companies’ Experience
Authors: Zhao He , Zhao Qin , Ślusarczyk Beata
Published: August 2019

The article is tasked with studying the modern possibilities and effectiveness of the application of virtual and augmented reality technologies in the field of managing human recourses (HRs) and basic operational corporate business processes. Using examples of successful use of AR (augmented reality)/VR (virtual reality) in the labor market by the largest companies in the USA, China, and Europe, the most relevant areas and forms of using these technologies in the work of HR specialists were considered. The study examined issues related to improving the performance of the main modern vectors of corporate development in the field of operational technological improvements, and, as the main result, a model of the company (organization) development was proposed based on improved management of business and HR processes using VR and AR tools. The developed model demonstrates the advantages of using it, and presents the reasons for the economic expediency of using these technologies at all stages of personnel management, including recruiting, staff selection, demonstration of the employer’s brand, testing candidates’ skills, improving internal communications, creating a positive corporate culture for employees, imitating the workflow, VR and AR-simulations as a tool for passing the input testing for recruitment, selection and management of remote employees, training, assessment, and adaptation of staff. The possibilities of using VR/AR as tools for operational improvements (lean management), for example, for organizing virtual business meetings and meetings, creating virtual presentations, online controlling in the manufacturing sector, automating operational processes, and using VR technologies, are also separately disclosed in the management of logistics, distribution, marketing, and advertising. The results of the analysis of theoretical and statistical sources of information showed the promise of using the possibilities of virtual reality in corporate management, which shifts the emphasis from the traditional understanding and perception of these technologies exclusively in the entertainment field. The obtained developments within the framework of the conducted research are universal in nature and can be applicable both in the study of modern methods of personnel management and in corporate lean management of modern business companies at various levels.
Using Volunteered Geographic Information and Nighttime Light Remote Sensing Data to Identify Tourism Areas of Interest
Authors: Devkota Bidur , Miyazaki Hiroyuki , Witayangkurn Apichon , Kim Sohee Minsun
Published: August 2019

Easy, economical, and near-real-time identification of tourism areas of interest is useful for tourism planning and management. Numerous studies have been accomplished to analyze and evaluate the tourism conditions of a place using free and near-real-time data sources such as social media. This study demonstrates the potential of volunteered geographic information, mainly Twitter and OpenStreetMap, for discovering tourism areas of interest. Active tweet clusters generated using Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) clustering algorithm and building footprint information are used to identify touristic places that ensure the availability of basic essential facilities for travelers. Furthermore, an investigation is made to examine the usefulness of nighttime light remotely sensed data to recognize such tourism areas. The study successfully discovered important tourism areas in urban and remote regions in Nepal which have relatively low social media penetration. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is examined using the F1 measure. The accuracy assessment showed F1 score of 0.72 and 0.74 in the selected regions. Hence, the outcomes of this study can provide a valuable reference for various stakeholders such as tourism planners, urban planners, and so on.
Stabilization of Delta Operator Systems with Actuator Saturation via an Anti-Windup Compensator
Authors: Rachid Hafsaa , Lamrabet Ouarda , Tissir El Houssaine
Published: August 2019

The design of an anti-windup controller for delta operator systems with time-varying delay and actuator saturation is addressed. By utilizing the input-output approach and three-term approximation, we first transform the original system into two equivalent interconnected subsystems. Then, by employing the scaled small-gain theorem, the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, and Wirtinger’s integral inequality, sufficient conditions for the synthesis of an anti-windup compensator are presented in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The estimated domain of attraction is maximized by an optimization algorithm. Numerical examples are studied to show the merits of the proposed technique.
Environmentally Relevant Concentrations of Bisphenol A Interact with Doxorubicin Transcriptional Effects in Human Cell Lines
Authors: Ribeiro Edna , Delgadinho Mariana , Brito Miguel
Published: August 2019

The worldwide production of synthetic chemicals, including endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDCs), such as Bisphenol A (BPA) has increased significantly in the last two decades. Human exposure to BPA, particularly through ingestion, is continuous and ubiquitous. Although, considered a weak environmental estrogen, BPA can induce divergent biological responses through several signaling pathways, including carcinogenesis in hormone-responsive organs. However, and despite the continuous increase of tumor cell-resistance to therapeutic drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), information regarding BPA drug interactions is still scarce, although its potential role in chemo-resistance has been suggested. This study aims to assess the potential interactions between environmentally relevant levels of BPA and DOX at a therapeutic dosage on Hep-2 and MRC-5 cell lines transciptome. Transcriptional effects in key-player genes for cancer biology, namely c-fos, p21, and bcl-xl, were evaluated through qRT-PCR. The cellular response was analyzed after exposure to BPA, DOX, or co-exposure to both chemicals. Transcriptional analysis showed that BPA exposure induces upregulation of bcl-xl and endorses an antagonistic non-monotonic response on DOX transcriptional effects. Moreover, the BPA interaction with DOX on c-fos and p21 expression emphasize its cellular specificity and divergent effects. Overall, Hep-2 was more susceptible to BPA effects in a dose-dependent manner while MRC-5 transcriptional levels endorsed a non-monotonic response. Our data indicate that BPA environmental exposure may influence chemotherapy outcomes, which emphasize the urgency for a better understanding of BPA interactions with chemotherapeutic agents, in the context of risk assessment.
Selected Topics in Numerical Methods for Cosmology
Authors: Dias Pinto Vitenti Sandro , Penna-Lima Mariana
Published: August 2019

The large amount of cosmological data already available (and in the near future) makes the development of efficient numerical codes necessary. Many software products have been implemented to perform cosmological analyses considering one or few probes. The need of multi-task software is rapidly increasing, in order to combine numerous cosmological probes along with their specificity (e.g., astrophysical descriptions and systematic errors). In this work, we mention some of these libraries, bringing out some challenges they will face in the few-percent error era (on the cosmological parameters). We review some concepts of the standard cosmological model, and examine some specific topics on their implementation, bringing, for example, the discussion on how some quantities are numerically defined in different codes. We also consider implementation differences between public codes, mentioning their advantages/disadvantages.
Living Structure Down to Earth and Up to Heaven: Christopher Alexander
Authors: Jiang Bin
Published: August 2019

Discovered by Christopher Alexander, living structure is a physical phenomenon, through which the quality of the built environment or artifacts can be judged objectively. It has two distinguishing properties just like a tree: “Far more small things than large ones” across all scales from the smallest to the largest, and “more or less similar things” on each scale. As a physical phenomenon, and mathematical concept, living structure is essentially empirical, discovered and developed from miniscule observation in nature- and human-made things, and it affects our daily lives in some practical ways, such as where to put a table or a flower vase in a room, helping us to make beautiful things and environments. Living structure is not only empirical, but also philosophical and visionary, enabling us to see the world and space in more meaningful ways. This paper is intended to defend living structure as a physical phenomenon, and a mathematical concept, clarifying some common questions and misgivings surrounding Alexander’s design thoughts, such as the objective or structural nature of beauty, building styles advocated by Alexander, and mysterious nature of his concepts. For this purpose, we first illustrate living structure—essentially organized complexity, as advocated by the late Jane Jacobs (1916–2006)—that is governed by two fundamental laws (scaling law and Tobler’s law), and generated in some step by step fashion by two design principles (differentiation and adaptation) through the 15 structural properties. We then verify why living structure is primarily empirical, drawing evidence from Alexander’s own work, as well as our case studies applied to the Earth’s surface including cities, streets, and buildings, and two logos. Before reaching conclusions, we concentrate on the most mysterious part of Alexander’s work—the luminous ground or the hypothesized “I”—as a substance that pervasively exists everywhere, in space and matter including our bodies, in order to make better sense of living structure in our minds.
Updated Phylogeny of Chikungunya Virus Suggests Lineage-Specific RNA Architecture
Authors: de Bernardi Schneider Adriano , Ochsenreiter Roman , Hostager Reilly , Hofacker Ivo L. , Janies Daniel , Wolfinger Michael T.
Published: August 2019

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a mosquito-borne alphavirus of the family Togaviridae, has recently emerged in the Americas from lineages from two continents: Asia and Africa. Historically, CHIKV circulated as at least four lineages worldwide with both enzootic and epidemic transmission cycles. To understand the recent patterns of emergence and the current status of the CHIKV spread, updated analyses of the viral genetic data and metadata are needed. Here, we performed phylogenetic and comparative genomics screens of CHIKV genomes, taking advantage of the public availability of many recently sequenced isolates. Based on these new data and analyses, we derive a revised phylogeny from nucleotide sequences in coding regions. Using this phylogeny, we uncover the presence of several distinct lineages in Africa that were previously considered a single one. In parallel, we performed thermodynamic modeling of CHIKV untranslated regions (UTRs), which revealed evolutionarily conserved structured and unstructured RNA elements in the 3’UTR. We provide evidence for duplication events in recently emerged American isolates of the Asian CHIKV lineage and propose the existence of a flexible 3’UTR architecture among different CHIKV lineages.
Enhanced Photo-Catalytic Performance of Activated Carbon Fibers for Water Treatment
Authors: Plakas Konstantinos V. , Taxintari Athina , Karabelas Anastasios J.
Published: August 2019

The synthesis, characterization, and performance of composite photocatalytic adsorbents are investigated in this work using the dip-coating and the electrophoretic coating methods for the deposition of titanium dioxide (TiO2) on porous activated carbon fiber (ACF) substrates. The adsorption and photocatalytic efficiency of the synthesized catalytic adsorbents were compared using phenol as the model pollutant. Both immobilization techniques resulted in composite ACF/TiO2 adsorbents characterized by large surface area (844.67 ± 45.58 m2 g−1), uniform distribution of TiO2 nanoparticles on the activated carbon fibers, and high phenol adsorption. The method and the treatment time affected the phenol adsorption, while the highest sorption was determined in the case of the ACF/TiO2 sample prepared by the electrophoretic coating method (at 20 V) for an electrolysis time of 120 s (7.93 mgphenol g−1ACF/TiO2). The UV-A irradiation of most ACF/TiO2 samples led to a faster removal of phenol from water as a result of the combined sorption and heterogeneous photocatalysis. The stability and the effective regeneration of the most promising composite photocatalytic adsorbent was proved by multiple filtration and UV-A irradiation cycles.
Factors Controlling the Spatial and Temporal Variability in Groundwater 222Rn and U Levels
Authors: Cho Soo Young , Koo Min-Ho , Cho Byong Wook , Jung Youn-Young , Oh Yong Hwa
Published: August 2019

Radon (222Rn) and uranium (U) measurements were conducted in 98 groundwater samples in Yongin area, Korea to identify the factors controlling their levels and spatial distributions. Groundwater samples were obtained from the different depth of wells used for drinking water and irrigation. 222Rn and U concentrations were measured using a liquid scintillation counter (LSC) equipped with a pulse-shape analyzer and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers (ICP-MS), respectively. Large variations were observed in groundwater concentrations of 222Rn and U, ranging between 0.6 ± 0.1–673.7 ± 8.7 Bq L−1 and 0.02–117.00 µg L−1, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed no significant relationship between field parameters (temperature, electrical conductivity, pH, and dissolved oxygen) and 222Rn or U concentrations. The fact that 222Rn and U concentrations were higher in granite areas than gneiss areas suggests that lithology plays a significant role in controlling the levels and spatial distributions of the two radionuclides. Furthermore, groundwater 222Rn and U behaviors have been affected by the existence of fault and well depth. Especially, the temporal monitoring of 222Rn suggests that 222Rn concentrations in the shallow groundwater may be controlled by variation in rainfall and artificial effects such as water curtain cultivation conducted in the winter season in this study area.
The-Proof-of-Concept of Biochar Floating Cover Influence on Water pH
Authors: Meiirkhanuly Zhanibek , Koziel Jacek A. , Białowiec Andrzej , Banik Chumki , Brown Robert C.
Published: August 2019

Studies have shown that biochar has the potential to remove organic and inorganic contaminants from wastewater. pH is known to have a crucial role in the transformation of pollutants. In this research, we explore the feasibility of using biochars properties to control the pH near the water–air interface, so the gaseous emissions from water (or wastewater) could be mitigated. This study aimed to test the effects of a thin layer biochar addition on the spatial and temporal variation of water pH. Two types of biochar and water were tested. Highly alkaline porous (HAP; pH 9.2) biochars made of corn stover and red oak (RO; pH 7.5) were applied surficially to tap (pH 9.5) and deionized water (DI) (pH 5.4). The spatial pH of solutions was measured every 1 mm of depth on days 0, 2, and 4 after biochar application. The results showed that HAP biochar increased the pH of both tap and DI water, while RO decreased tap water pH and increased DI water pH. On day 0, there was no effect on tap water pH, while a pH change in DI water was observed due to its lower buffer capacity. In addition, the pH (temporal) migration from topically applied biochar into an aqueous solution was visualized using a colorimetric pH indicator and corn starch to increase viscosity (to prevent biochars from sinking). The results prove that the surficial application of biochar to water was able to change both the pH near the water–air interface and the pH of the solution with time. The pH change was dependent on the biochar pH and water buffer capacity. These results warrant further research into the floatability of biochars and into designing biochars with specific pH, which could be a factor influencing gaseous emissions from liquids that are sensitive to pH.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Mata Kuliah Bahasa Indonesia melalui Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning
Authors: Budiantoro Tekad
Published: August 2019

Mata kuliah bahasa Indonesia di perguruan tinggi merupakan salah satu dari kelompok mata kuliah Dasar Umum yang berfunsi sebagai mata kuliah pengembangan kepribadian. Dari sini jelas bahwa maksud pemberian mata kuliah ini bukanlah menjadikan mahasiswa sebagai ahli bahasa yang menguasai berbagai teori dan seluk beluk kebahasaan, melainkan sebagai pribadi yang mampu menggunakan bahasa sebagai sarana komunikasi, menggunakan bahasa Indonesia secara baik dan benar sesuai dengan situasi dan keperluan. Kegiatan perkuliahan Bahasa Indonesia dituntut untuk mengarah pada pencapaian maksud tersebut. Empat aspek kebahasaan seperti menyimak, berbicara, membaca, dan menulis harus mendapatkan sentuhan pembinaan secara simultan dan proporsional.

Penggunaan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PBL) pada perkuliahan Bahasa Indonesia di perguruan tinggi, menjadikan aktivitas/kegiatan berbahasa mahasiswa sebagai wahana pemembinaan dan pengembangan kemampuan kebahasaan mahasiswa. 

Penelitian ini bersifat Action Researsc yang bertujuan untuk memperbaiki kualitas hasil perkuliahan, yag dilakukan oleh dosen dalam pengelolaan pembelajarannya di ruang kuliah. Penelitian dilakukan melalui perubahan strategi perkuliahan dalam siklus-siklus kegiatan.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kualitas hasil perkuliahan yang ditunjukkan dengan adanya perubahan rata-rata skor nilai dari siklus satu ke siklus berikutnya.
Integration by Parts in Differential Summation Form
Authors: Adewinbi Hezekiah Seun , Olawoyin Faith
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we establish general differential summation formulas for integration by parts (IBP), more importantly a powerful tool that promotes exploration and creativity.
A Class of p-valent Functions in the Punctured Disc
Authors: Fadipe-Joseph Olubunmi A. , Dada K. O.
Published: August 2019

Motivated by Aouf differential operator, a class $F_{\lambda, p}^{n}\left ( \alpha , \beta , \gamma \right )$ of p-valent functions in the punctured disc $U^{*}=\left \{ z:0<\left | z \right |<1 \right \}=U\setminus \left \{ 0 \right \} $ is defined. The coefficient estimates, growth and distortion theorems for the class are obtained.
FACTORES DE RIESGO ASOCIADOS A LA SEVERIDAD DE GINGIVITIS EVALUADA EN UNA POBLACIÓN PUNEÑA
Authors: Huanca Hugo , Cari Edith
Published: August 2019

Este estudio  está orientado   a establecer la asociación de factores der riesgo, locales y sistémicos, con la severidad de la gingivitis; debido a la importancia de comprender el desarrollo normal de la enfermedad  gingival así como de los agentes que la causas o la modifican
CUMPLIMIENTO DE LAS NORMAS DE BIOSEGURIDAD EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS EN JULIACA
Authors: Pizarro Elsa , Valdez Nury
Published: August 2019

Introducción: Este estudio busca identiﬁcar el grado de aplicación práctica de las normas de bioseguridad en los alumnos Universitarios en etapa formativa.  Métodos: Se siguió un diseño de investigación corte transversal, la cual tuvo como población de estudio a los estudiantes de la clínica Odontológica de la Facultad de  Odontología de la Universidad Andina “Néstor Cáceres Velásquez”; se trabajó con una muestra probabilística de 96 estudiantes, en los cuales se evaluó el cumplimiento de las normas de bioseguridad.R esultados : En los estudiantes evaluados se encontró que la aplicación de medidas de bioseguridad es regular (60%); por otra parte el uso de barreras como cambio de guantes en procedimientos extensos, uso de anteojos protectores, desinfección de pieza de mano entre pacientes, desinfección de material de laboratorio se encontró que estos se realizan esporádicamente. Conclusión: Se ha comprobado que el grado de aplicación de las medidas de bioseguridad es regular,  existen aún áreas críticas que mejorar y evitar infecciones cruzadas.
EFICACIA DE LA INSTRUCCIÓN MULTIMEDIA ANIMADA DE CEPILLADO VERTICAL EN LA CALIDAD DE HIGIENE BUCAL
Authors: Huayhua Krishna , Zúñiga Enrique
Published: August 2019

Introducción: El objetivo del estudio fue determinar cuál de los dos métodos de enseñanza multimedia o demostrativa clínica de la técnica de cepillado vertical es más eﬁcaz en la disminución del índice de higiene oral simpliﬁcado (IHOS) de Greene y Vermillión en estudiantes de Juliaca. Materiales y método: La muestra estuvo conformada por 42 estudiantes en los cuales se obtuvo el IHOS previo a la capacitación, los participantes se dividieron equitativamente en dos grupos, cada grupo recibió capacitación diferenciada (enseñanza multimedia animada y enseñanza demostrativa clínica), tras lo cual se procedió a aplicar la técnica de cepillado vertical y los investigadores realizaron los controles del IHOS al 1° y 14° día; los datos fueron descritos estadísticamente y analizados mediante  la T de Student que es una prueba de igualdad de medias cuando se estudia dos grupos poblacionales. Resultados: La enseñanza demostrativa clínica fue estadísticamente más eﬁcaz que la enseñanza multimedia animada en vista que en la enseñanza demostrativa clínica el IHOS promedio previo fue de 1.47: disminuyendo al 1° control a 0.44 y al 2° control a los 14 días a 0.30 y en la enseñanza multimedia animada el IHOS promedio previo fue 1.66, disminuyendo al 1° control a 0.42 y aumentando al 2° control a los 14 días a 0.54. Conclusión: La enseñanza demostrativa clínica ejerce mayor eﬁcacia que la enseñanza multimedia animada de la técnica de cepillado vertical sobre el índice de higiene oral simpliﬁcado de Greene y Vermillión, con una diferencia estadísticamente signiﬁcativa (P<0.05).
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DE PACIENTES CON TRAUMA FACIAL EN LA CIUDAD DE AZOGUES-ECUADOR
Authors: Cabrera Arévalo Claudia , Piedra Xavier , Villavicencio Caparó Ebingen , Calderón Alemán Doris
Published: August 2019

Objetivos: Conocer el perfil epidemiológico de  pacientes con trauma facial que acudieron a emergencia del Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo en la ciudad de Azogues en el año 2015. Material y métodos: Este  estudio fue transversal retrospectivo de 22.652 fichas de emergencia obteniendo un total de 401 casos de traumatismos faciales representando esto el 2% de los casos de emergencia que acudieron al hospital Homero Castanier Crespo en el año 2015. Resultados: De los 401 pacientes la mayoría era del sexo masculino (66%). El grupo de edad más afectado fue los adultos de 20 a 64 años  (51%), seguido de los niños de 0 a 9 años (30%). En cuanto a la etiología existió mayor frecuencia en las caídas (45%), seguido de agresiones físicas (39%) y los accidentes de tránsito (4%). En el sexo masculino se vio que pudo influir el estado etílico (39,8%). El factor etiológico más común de traumatismos faciales en mujeres adultas son las agresiones físicas (59%). Se pudo observar que al igual que en estudios realizados en el 2011 el sexo masculino es el más afectado por este tipo de traumatismos, si bien otros autores consideran a los accidentes de tránsito como el principal factor etiológico, en este estudio pudimos observar que entre las principales causas tenemos caídas y agresiones físicas. La mandíbula conocida como un “paragolpes”  la nombran como el principal hueso afectado sin embargo nosotros encontramos más común la fractura nasal.  Conclusiones: Los adultos de sexo masculino tienen mayor predisposición a traumatismos faciales, siendo más comunes las lesiones de los tejidos blandos, seguidos de fracturas nasales y traumatismos dentoalveolares, en hombres es más frecuente la relación de estos traumatismos con la ingesta de bebidas alcohólicas y en mujeres podemos ver una alta influencia de agresiones físicas.
DIAGNOSTICO SOBRE EL CONOCIMIENTO DE SALUD BUCAL EN ESCOLARES DEL CENTRO EDUCATIVO “EL ALTIPLANO”, YURA, AREQUIPA. 2017
Authors: Ccoa Ticona Norma Juliaca
Published: August 2019

Objetivos: Analizar el conocimiento que tienen los escolares sobre higiene dental y determinar si cuentan con supervisión en el cuidado de su salud bucal. Material y Métodos: Es un estudio de diseño descriptivo, transversal y social. Se elaboró una encuesta sobre conocimientos de salud bucodental consultando distintos modelos realizados en el Perú, el cuestionario incluyo las siguientes dimensiones: conocimientos sobre Higiene dental, hábitos dietéticos y caries y, supervisión dental. Participaron 70 escolares de 4º y 6º grado de educación primaria del centro educativo “El Altiplano” ubicado en el cono norte del distrito de Yura en Arequipa. Resultados: El 66% no conocen ni practican en forma correcta la técnica de lavado de dientes, un 26% nunca se lavan los dientes, el 86% de escolares tienen conocimiento que el consumo de dulces puede dañar sus dientes, pero el 56% nunca se lavan los diente luego de consumir golosinas, el 40% indicó que nadie supervisa su higiene dental y el 68% de escolares nunca asisten al dentista.
RELACIÓN ENTRE CEOD Y LOS MALESTARES DIARIOS EN ESCOLARES DE 6 AÑOS DE TOTORACOCHA, CUENCA-ECUADOR
Authors: Coronel Delgado Sandra , Sarmiento Criollo Patricia
Published: August 2019

Objetivos: El objetivo de esta investigación es establecer la relación entre el índice CEOD y los malestares diarios en escol ares de 6 años de la parroquia Totoracocha de la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador, 2016. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo observacional, de corte transversal. En el cual se evaluaron 103 escolares (51 mujeres y 52 hombres) de 6 años, pertenecientes a la parroquia de Totoracocha del cantón Cuenca, previa firma y aprobación del consentimiento informado por parte de los representantes para participar en el estudio. Todos los sujetos fueron examinados visual y clínicamente por examinadores capacitados y estandarizados. Resultados: Los datos recopilados de ceod dieron un promedio de 0,25 % obteniendo como resultado un nivel de ceod de “bajo riesgo”; según las actividades diarias al momento de percibir tenemos que afecto más al ingerir alimentos el 65 %, cepillarse los dientes 54 %, al reír 38 %, y al interactuar con las personas con el 35 % y va a ser más severa al comer 25 % y realizar labores escolares 20 %. Conclusiones: Posterior de haber obtenido los datos podemos concluir que los escolares sobredimensionan la presencia de la caries dental al momento de realizar sus actividades diarias.