bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review on Anticancer and Anti-inflammatory Constituents from different parts of Olea europaea L.
Authors: Kalita Partha Pratim , Malakar Nikeeta , Barman Indrani , Prajapati Bhupendra G , Gogoi Jyotchna
Published: January 2025

Plants have always gained importance because of their medicinal attribute leading to
the development of a dedicated branch of science. Olea europaea L. is one such plant which has a
special mention in medicinal science. This review focuses on the various pharmacological properties
of O. europaea L., particularly its anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. For the review
study, various search engines were used, such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, Pubmed,
Academia, Springer, etc.About 129 research articles were reviewed up to 2024 and it was concluded
that OE fruits have good numbers of valuable constituents contributing to biological activity
like anticancer property where triterpene compounds named hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein, erythrodiol,
oleacein and oleocanthal showed significant antiproliferative activity along with apoptosis and
angiopreventive activity on cancer cells. Also, Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties
has been equally exhibited by the plant; the constituents responsible were maslinic acid, ursolic
acid, oleuropein, and hydroxytyrosol mostly present in n-hexane extract of O. europaea fruits.
Hence, it could be concluded that O. europaea has effective molecules which could be chemically
synthesized to get effective therapeutic medicine for cancer treatment.
WITHDRAWN: An Enhanced Segmentation Method Using a Fuzzy Clustering Technique for Colored Satellite Images
Authors: Kumar Yadav Dileep , Sengupta Sudhriti , Sharma Lavanya , Carpenter Mukesh , Singh T. P.
Published: January 2025

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors due to a conflict of interest among them that was not disclosed at
the time of submission. After careful consideration, the publisher has determined that this undisclosed conflict compromises the
integrity of the publication.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

BENTHAM SCIENCE DISCLAIMER:

It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously
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must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting
the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the
authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript, the authors agree that the copyright
of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
Comprehensive Review on Tinea Infection Therapies: Allopathic and Herbal Approaches for Dermatophytosis
Authors: Rathi Mehak , Kamaboj Sweta , Guarve Kumar , Kamboj Rohit , Dass Rameshwar
Published: January 2025

Background:

Tinea infections are superficial fungal infections caused by three
species of fungi (i.e. Epidermophyton, Microsporum, and Trichophyton) collectively
termed dermatophytes. Dermatophytes are fungi that cause skin, nail bed, and hair infections.
These infections are classified based on infection site, including tinea pedis (foot),
tinea corporis (body), tinea capitis (head), and tinea cruris (groin). Dermatophytes can
spread by direct contact with other people (anthropophilic organisms), animals (zoophilic
organisms), and soil (geophilic organisms), as well as indirectly from fomities.

Objective:

This review aims to summarize the allopathic drugs along with their mechanism
of action and herbal drugs including their parts of the plant used for the treatment of tinea
infections.

Methods:

The literature review was performed using the following databases: PubMed
(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/), and Google Scholar (https://scholar.google.com/), to
identify the various drugs involved in the treatment of dermatophytosis along with their
mechanisms.

Results:

The following keywords were applied in the search strategy: “Tinea”, “Dermatophytosis”,
“Ringworm infection”, “Pathogenesis of tinea”, “Tinea pedis”, and “Tinea capitis”. This
article also reviews several formulations that are available in the market for treating ringworm
infection.

Conclusion:

The current review provides information about the classification of dermatophytosis
based on infection site and environmental habitat, pathogenesis, immunopathogenesis
of dermatophytes, and herbals and allopathic drugs used for their treatment.
BCT-HC: Application of Healthcare Technology Using Blockchain Technology Hyperledger Fabric
Authors: N. Nasurudeen Ahamed  , Tanweer Alam
Published: January 2025

Blockchain innovation offers an information structure with built-in
safeguards, including agreement, decentralization, and encryption, which ensure the
accuracy of operations. It has broad use in a variety of fields, including smart factories,
the Internet of Things (IoT), and healthcare. It is particularly relevant in the areas of
healthcare information safety and privacy preservation. Digital healthcare records have
been deployed faster because of communication technology, however, this has also
increased risks to patient confidentiality, safety, and medical information. Another
strategy to deal with the issue of medical data confidentiality and safety is the
application of blockchain. Medical and health information includes treatment data
gathered during patient care alongside private prevention of illness. Blockchain
systems can be used in numerous capacities in healthcare organizations, including
confidentiality and safety, to shield information about patients from unwanted access.
Nevertheless, healthcare networks confront numerous security concerns, including
connectivity, reliability, exchange of clinical information delivery, and patient
deliberation, as a result of the inexperienced design of safety measures. Furthermore,
deployment and information administration are the main issues for blockchain in
healthcare due to the enormous amount of manufactured hardware gadgets. The
platform is a communication mechanism that combines the use of computers with
health records. It has been suggested that Hyperledger is the most developed
collaborative chain technology. In contrast with various blockchain platforms,
Hyperledger concentrates on developing enterprise-level standardized implementations.
The Hyperledger framework is used for sensitive data in digital welfare, but neither
restricted access nor thorough permission was taken into account. It is simple to
determine fraudulent data collection by a malevolent person via confirmation of data
by additional subjects, and the original, unmodified information can be recovered. Data
can only be influenced if a bad person has access to over 50% of the blockchain
network's nodes through security breaches, which is nearly unattainable. As a result,
blockchain technology can stop information from being faked or falsified, improving
the data's durability and dependability.
Phagocytosis and Scavenger Receptors in the Brain
Authors: Wang Gaiqing , Chen Haiyun , Yang Juan , Wang Jing , Yan Bo , Chen Minglei
Published: January 2025

Phagocytosis is a vital process where immune cells called phagocytes engulf
and digest foreign particles, pathogens, and cellular debris. This process is crucial for
tissue homeostasis and infection defense. Scavenger receptors, found on immune cells
like microglia, recognize and bind to diverse ligands such as pathogens, altered self-molecules, and cellular debris. They are pivotal in facilitating phagocytosis and
clearing these substances from the body.
The Role of Cerebrospinal Fluid in the Clearance System
Authors: Wang Gaiqing , Chen Haiyun , Yan Juan , Wang Jing , Yan Bo , Chen Minglei
Published: January 2025

The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) system is vital for maintaining the brain's
environment and clearing waste. The BBB-CSF barriers regulate the movement of
molecules between the blood and brain fluids. CSF flow is driven by arterial pulsation
and may be influenced by vascular muscle. The glymphatic system helps drain
interstitial fluid, especially during sleep. Anesthesia may impair CSF circulation,
affecting brain waste clearance. Meningeal lymphatic vessels also assist in CSF
clearance and immune cell movement. Understanding these processes can lead to new
treatments for neurological disorders.
The Regulatory Mechanism for Glymphatic System
Authors: Wang Gaiqing , Chen Haiyun , Yang Juan , Wang Jing , Yan Bo , Chen Minglei
Published: January 2025

The regulatory mechanism of the glymphatic system is a complex interplay
involving multiple factors and processes. These include CSF production, arterial
pulsations, astrocytic water channels (AQP4), the sleep-wake cycle, AQP4
polarization, and BBB permeability. Together, these factors ensure the efficient
clearance of waste products from the brain, contributing to overall brain health.
Impact of C-FOS/C-JUN Transcriptional Factors Co-Expression in Non–small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Authors: MANIOS KONSTANTINOS , CHRYSOVERGIS ARISTEIDIS , PAPANIKOLAOU VASILEIOS , TSIAMBAS EVANGELOS , ADAMOPOULOU MARIA , STAMATELOPOULOS ATHANASIOS , VACHLAS ΚONSTANTINOS , PAPOULIAKOS SOTIRIOS , PANTOS PAVLOS , AGROGIANNIS GEORGE , LAZARIS ANDREAS C. , KYRODIMOS EFTHYMIOS , TOMOS PERIKLIS , KAVANTZAS NIKOLAOS
Published: January 2025

Background/Aim: Significant transcription factors – including c-Fos (gene locus: 14q24.3) and c-Jun (gene locus: 1p32-p31) – regulate cell homeostasis preventing abnormal signal transduction to nucleus. Their over-activation seems to be associated with an aggressive phenotype in non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs). In the current study, our aim was to co-analyze c-FOS/c-JUN protein expression in a series of NSCLCs correlating them to the corresponding clinico-pathological features. Materials and Methods: A set of fifty (n=50) paraffin embedded NSCLC tissue sections were selected comprising of adenocarcinomas (n=25) and squamous cell carcinomas (n=25), respectively. Immunocytochemistry (IHC) for the c-FOS/c-JUN markers was implemented. Digital image analysis (DIA) was also performed for evaluating objectively the corresponding immunostaining intensity levels of the examined proteins. Results: All the examined tissue samples expressed the markers in different protein levels. High staining intensity levels were detected in 34/50 (68%) and 24/50 (48%), respectively. C-FOS over expression was statistically significant correlated to stage (p=0.033), whereas C-JUN over expression was associated with NSCLC histotype (p=0.05) and with maximum tumor diameter (p=0.046). Conclusion: C-FOS/C-JUN co- over activation is observed frequently in NSCLC, playing potentially a central role in the aggressiveness of the malignancy’s phenotype (advanced stage, increased metastatic potential). Development and implementation of novel agents that target these transcription factors is a promising approach for applying targeted therapeutic strategies in NSCC patients based on specific genetic signatures and protein profiles.
Tumor β-Catenin Expression Associated With Poor Prognosis to Anti-PD-1 Antibody Monotherapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: MUTO SATOSHI , OZAKI YUKI , YAMAGUCHI HIKARU , WATANABE MASAYUKI , OKABE NAOYUKI , MATSUMURA YUKI , HAMADA KAZUYUKI , SUZUKI HIROYUKI
Published: January 2025

Background/Aim: Tumor intrinsic β-catenin signaling has been reported to influence the tumor immune microenvironment and may be a resistance mechanism to immune checkpoint inhibitors in various cancers. Patients and Methods: We studied the association between tumor β-catenin expression and survival in 50 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with anti-programmed death-1 antibody monotherapy. Tumor β-catenin expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results: Patients with positive tumor β-catenin expression (20% of all patients) had worse progression-free survival and overall survival compared with those with negative tumor β-catenin expression. Patients with positive tumor β-catenin expression had reduced CD8+ cell and CD11c+ cell infiltration into tumor nests than those with negative tumor β-catenin expression. RT-PCR of tumor tissue revealed that patients with positive tumor β-catenin expression showed lower gene expression of CD8A, CD4, IFN-γ, BATF3, and CCL4. Knockdown of CTNNB1 tended to increase CCL4 expression, likely mediated by ATF3, in a lung cancer cell line with positive β-catenin expression. Conclusion: NSCLC patients with positive tumor β-catenin expression that were treated with anti-programmed death-1 antibody monotherapy had poor prognosis.
The Global Immune-Nutrition-Information Index (GINI) Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Esophageal Cancer Patients Who Receive Curative Treatment
Authors: YAMAMOTO SOSUKE , AOYAMA TORU , MAEZAWA YUKIO , HASHIMOTO ITARU , ESASHI RYUKI , KAZAMA KEISUKE , NUMATA KOJI , UCHIYAMA MAMORU , TAMAGAWA AYAKO , SAITO AYA , YUKAWA NORIO
Published: January 2025

Background/Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical impact of the Global Immune-Nutrition-Information Index (GINI) in patients with esophageal cancer (EC) who received curative treatment and to clarify the potential of the GINI as a prognostic factor. Patients and Methods: Patients who underwent curative resection for EC at Yokohama City University between 2000 and 2020 were consecutively chosen based on their medical records. The GINI was defined as follows: GINI=[C-reactive protein×platelet×monocyte×neutrophil]/[albumin×lymphocyte]. Results: This study included 180 patients. Among them, 67 were categorized into the GINI-low group and 113 were categorized into the GINI-high group, with a cutoff value of 5000. The 3- and 5- year overall survival (OS) rates were 75.6% and 64.9%, respectively, in the GINI-low group and 55.3% and 48.1% in the GINI-high group (p=0.005). According to a multivariate analysis for OS, the GINI was identified as an independent prognostic factor [hazard ratio=2.106, 95% confidence interval=1.252-3.544, p=0.005]. Similar results were observed for RFS. In addition, the GINI affects preoperative tube feeding and the induction rate of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Conclusion: The GINI is a promising biomarker for the treatment and management of EC.
Successful Salvage of Four Cases of Unresectable Papillary Thyroid Cancer Following Lenvatinib Administration
Authors: TSUCHIDA KODAI , SHIGA KIYOTO , KATAGIRI KATSUNORI , SAITO DAISUKE , OIKAWA SHIN-ICHI , IKEDA AYA , MIYAGUCHI JUN , KUSAKA TAKAHIRO
Published: January 2025

Background/Aim: The role of lenvatinib as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with advanced thyroid cancer has not been firmly established. In some cases, surgery may be considered when lenvatinib treatment becomes challenging to continue. Case Report: We present four cases of unresectable thyroid cancer diagnosed histologically as papillary carcinoma. The patients were a 61-year-old female (T4aN1bM0), a 75-year-old male (T4aN1bM0), a 61-year-old female (T3N1bM0), and a 64-year-old female (T4aN1bM0). Initial lenvatinib doses were 24, 10, 24, and 14 mg/day, respectively. The treatment administration periods were 8, 29, 3, and 6 months, with final doses of 4, 4, 10, and 14 mg/day, respectively. Tumors had primarily invaded the surrounding tissues, mainly the common carotid artery, and were considered unresectable. After lenvatinib administration, tumor shrinkage was observed. Despite complications from lenvatinib that resulted in difficulty in the administration of the drug, successful tumor resection was achieved, and local control was achieved in all patients. Conclusion:: Preoperative lenvatinib treatment may offer a less invasive alternative for advanced thyroid cancer cases that would otherwise require invasive surgery.
Exploring Older Adults’ Needs for a Healthy Life and eHealth: Qualitative Interview Study
Authors: Valkonen Paula , Kujala Sari , Savolainen Kaisa , Helminen Riina-Riitta
Published: January 2025

Background

Aging brings physical and life changes that could benefit from eHealth services. eHealth holistically combines technology, tasks, individuals, and contexts, and all these intertwined elements should be considered in eHealth development. As users’ needs change with life situations, including aging and retirement, it is important to identify these needs at different life stages to develop eHealth services for well-being and active, healthy lives.

Objective

This study aimed to (1) understand older adults’ everyday lives in terms of well-being and health, (2) investigate older adults’ needs for eHealth services, and (3) create design recommendations based on the findings.

Methods

A total of 20 older adults from 2 age groups (55 to 74 years: n=12, 60%; >75 years: n=8, 40%) participated in this qualitative interview study. The data were collected remotely using a cultural probes package that included diary-based tasks, sentence completion tasks, and 4 background questionnaires; we also performed remote, semistructured interviews. The data were gathered between the fall of 2020 and the spring of 2021 in Finland as a part of the Toward a Socially Inclusive Digital Society: Transforming Service Culture (DigiIN) project (2019 to 2025).

Results

In the daily lives of older adults, home-based activities, such as exercising (72/622, 11.6% of mentions), sleeping (51/622, 8.2% of mentions), and dining and cooking (96/622, 15.4% of mentions), promoted well-being and health. When discussing their needs for eHealth services, participants highlighted a preference for a chat function. However, they frequently mentioned barriers and concerns such as the lack of human contact, inefficiency, and difficulties using eHealth systems. Older adults value flexibility; testing possibilities (eg, trial versions); support for digital services; and relevant, empathetically offered content with eHealth services on short-term and long-term bases in their changing life situations.

Conclusions

Many older adults value healthy routines and time spent at home. The diversity of older adults’ needs should be considered by making it possible for them to manage their health safely and flexibly on different devices and channels. eHealth services should adapt to older adults’ life changes through motivation, personalized content, and appropriate functions. Importantly, older adults should still have the option to not use eHealth services.
Understanding the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Technologies for People With Visual Impairments: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Szekely Raul , Holloway Catherine , Bandukda Maryam
Published: January 2025

Background

There has been a rapid growth in the literature on the design and evaluation of assistive technologies for people with visual impairments; yet, there is a lack of a comprehensive analysis of the existing literature on the classification of immediate-, short-, medium-, and long-term psychosocial impact of assistive technologies on the quality of life of people with visual impairments.

Objective

This protocol outlines the methodology for a scoping review aimed at identifying and synthesizing the existing literature on the psychosocial impact of assistive technologies on the quality of life of people with visual impairments.

Methods

The review will include primary research studies published in English between 2019 and 2024 that focus on the psychosocial outcomes of assistive technologies for people with visual impairments. Eligible studies will involve participants with visual impairments, of all ages and across various settings, examining psychological (eg, emotional well-being and self-esteem) and social outcomes (eg, social participation and support). Searches will be conducted across 7 electronic research databases: CINAHL (EBSCO), PsycINFO (EBSCO), ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (first 100 records). Studies will undergo screening and selection based on predefined eligibility criteria, with data extraction focusing on publication details, study design, population characteristics, type of assistive technology, and psychosocial impacts. Results will be summarized using descriptive statistics, charts, and narrative synthesis.

Results

The database search, conducted in July 2024, identified 1145 records, which will be screened and analyzed in subsequent stages of the review process. This protocol outlines the planned approach for identifying, categorizing, and synthesizing evidence. The study findings are anticipated to be finalized and submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal by February 2025.

Conclusions

This study will synthesize the recent body of work on the psychosocial impact of assistive technologies for people with visual impairments and recommendations for researchers and designers interested in this research area.

Trial Registration

Open Science Framework 10.17605/OSF.IO/SK7N8; https://osf.io/4gc5t

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/65056
Measuring Digital Health Literacy in Older Adults: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Kim SungMin , Park Choonghee , Park Sunghyeon , Kim Dai-Jin , Bae Ye-Seul , Kang Jae-Heon , Chun Ji-Won
Published: January 2025

Background

New health care services such as smart health care and digital therapeutics have greatly expanded. To effectively use these services, digital health literacy skills, involving the use of digital devices to explore and understand health information, are important. Older adults, requiring consistent health management highlight the need for enhanced digital health literacy skills. To address this issue, it is imperative to develop methods to assess older adults’ digital health literacy levels.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a tool to measure digital health literacy. To this end, it reviewed existing literature to identify the components of digital health literacy, drafted preliminary items, and developed a scale using a representative sample.

Methods

We conducted a primary survey targeting 600 adults aged 55-75 years and performed an exploratory factor analysis on 74 preliminary items. Items with low factor loadings were removed, and their contents were modified to enhance their validity. Then, we conducted a secondary survey with 400 participants to perform exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses.

Results

A digital health literacy scale consisting of 25 items was developed, comprising 4 subfactors: use of digital devices, understanding health information, use and decision regarding health information, and use intention. The model fit indices indicated excellent structural validity (Tucker-Lewis Index=0.924, comparative fit index=0.916, root-mean-square error of approximation=0.088, standardized root-mean-square residual=0.044). High convergent validity (average variance extracted>0.5) and reliability (composite reliability>0.7) were observed within each factor. Discriminant validity was also confirmed as the square root of the average variance extracted was greater than the correlation coefficients between the factors. This scale demonstrates high reliability and excellent structural validity.

Conclusions

This study is a significant first step toward enhancing digital health literacy among older adults by developing an appropriate tool for measuring digital health literacy. We expect this study to contribute to the future provision of tailored education and treatment based on individual literacy levels.
Analysis of Measures to Promote International Economic and Commercial Development under the New Situation
Authors: Shi Ruofei
Published: January 2025

This paper analyzes the new trends such as the change of trade pattern, the rise of digital economy and the requirements of sustainable development, and puts forward promotion measures, such as more than 50 countries responding to the reform of WTO to maintain the free trade system, the European Union carrying out negotiations on digital trade rules, and Germany promoting the development of green commerce with financial subsidies, covering multilateral trade cooperation, the formulation of digital trade rules, and the development of green commerce, so as to help countries achieve sustainable economic and commercial prosperity in a complex international environment.
Experiências narradas por professores aprendizes do Curso de Letras-Inglês em um cenário simulado de avaliação com exames de proficiência
Authors: Queiroz Rodrigo Nascimento de
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo objetiva apresentar um mapeamento de experiências com a aplicação de simulados de exames de proficiência para professores aprendizes de um curso de Letras-Inglês em uma universidade pública. A linha teórica tecida neste artigo segue três trajetórias temáticas: (a) a avaliação no ensino de línguas; (b) a proficiência do professor de línguas e (c) os efeitos retroativos de exames de proficiência. Pesquisadores como Almeida Filho (1992), Celani (2010), Consolo (2006, 2017), Consolo; Teixeira da Silva, (2014), Miccoli (2010, 2014), dentre outros, embasam o presente artigo. A pesquisa está caracterizada como um estudo de caso etnográfico-interpretativista (Dörnyei, 2007) com a participação de cinco professores aprendizes de uma universidade pública da região norte do Brasil. Os instrumentos aplicados foram um questionário semiestruturado; produção de diários reflexivos; gravações de áudio das sessões reflexivas e o cenário simulado de aplicação do Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) e o International English Language Testing System (IELTS). Os achados desta experiência demonstram que os professores aprendizes possuem um conhecimento reduzido em torno dos propósitos de um exame de proficiência, em consonância com o universo instrumental aplicado com os testes em um cenário simulado.
LIDERAZGO INTERMEDIO EN LA ORGANIZACIÓN ESCOLAR
Authors: Quiroz Ávila Sandra , Sepúlveda Quiroz Paula
Published: January 2025

Un liderazgo intermedio es importante para comprender las claves que generan cambios positivos en el estudiantado, apuntando hacia la búsqueda de la comprensión de los factores que permitan reducir las variables intervinientes de la estabilización organizacional. El estudio busca determinar la importancia de las dimensiones de la satisfacción familiar que son indicadores claves para determinar las interferencias en los aprendizajes de los y las estudiantes. La investigación se basa en el paradigma positivista, para la recolección de información se utilizó la escala de satisfacción familiar, que fue administrada a un total de 62 estudiantes de colegios de la región del Biobío. Los resultados indican las percepciones positivas que tiene el estudiantado acerca de la cohesión familiar. Este estudio se fundamenta en los ejes de la acción docente, tiene un valor agregado al profundizar en la labor de la dupla psicosocial, aportando en diferentes dimensiones al interior de la organización escolar.
How do Explanations Justify?
Authors: Bodlović Petar , Lewiński Marcin
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The paper presents an extended scheme for the inference to the best explanation (IBE). The scheme precisely treats the epistemic modifiers (“hypothetically,” “plausibly,” “presumably”) of the inference, acknowledges its contrastive nature, clarifies the logical support between premises and conclusions (linked, convergent, and serial support), and introduces additional premises essential for inferring justified conclusions (especially those related to causal explanations and more demanding standards of proof). Overall, it advances the existing schemes for IBE in argumentation theory and treats IBE as a par excellence argumentative, rather than explanatory, form of reasoning.
 
Résumé:  L’article présente en détail un schéma pour l’inférence vers la meilleure explication (IME). Le schéma traite précisément les modificateurs épistémiques (« hypothétiquement », « plausiblement », « vraisemblablement ») de l’inférence, reconnaît sa nature qui fait contraste, clarifie l’appui logique entre les prémisses et les conclusions (l’appui lié, convergent et sériel) et introduit des prémisses supplémentaires essentielles pour inférer des conclusions justifiées (en particulier celles liées aux explications causales et aux normes de preuve plus exigeantes). Dans l’ensemble, l’article fait progresser les schémas existants pour l’IME dans la théorie de l’argumentation et traite l’IME comme une forme de raisonnement argumentatif par excellence, plutôt qu’explicatif.
Small but Significant Errata/Typos in the Paper “The Distinction Between False Dilemma and False Disjunctive Syllogism”
Authors: Tomic Taeda
Published: January 2025

In the paper The Distinction Between False Dilemma and False Disjunctive Syllogism, by Taeda Tomić, Informal Logic vol. 41, No 4 (2021), pp. 607-639, there are typos in Figure 12, on page 630.
No quantum solutions to linear constraint systems in odd dimension from Pauli group and diagonal Cliffords
Authors: Frembs Markus , Okay Cihan , Chung Ho Yiu
Published: January 2025

Linear constraint systems (LCS) have proven to be a surprisingly prolific tool in the study of non-classical correlations and various related issues in quantum foundations. Many results are known for the Boolean case, yet the generalisation to systems of odd dimension is largely open. In particular, it is not known whether there exist LCS in odd dimension, which admit finite-dimensional quantum, but no classical solutions. In recent work, \cite{QassimWallman2020} have shown that unlike in the Boolean case, where the n-qubit Pauli group gives rise to quantum solutions of LCS such as the Mermin-Peres square, the n-qudit Pauli group never gives rise to quantum solutions of a LCS in odd dimension. Here, we generalise this result towards the Clifford hierarchy. More precisely, we consider tensor products of groups generated by (single-qudit) Pauli and diagonal Clifford operators.
Cryptomite: A versatile and user-friendly library of randomness extractors
Authors: Foreman Cameron , Yeung Richie , Edgington Alec , Curchod Florian J.
Published: January 2025

We present Cryptomite, a Python library of randomness extractor implementations. The library offers a range of two-source, seeded and deterministic randomness extractors, together with parameter calculation modules, making it easy to use and suitable for a variety of applications. We also present theoretical results, including new extractor constructions and improvements to existing extractor parameters. The extractor implementations are efficient in practice and tolerate input sizes of up to 240>1012 bits. Contrary to alternatives using the fast Fourier transform, we implement convolutions efficiently using the number-theoretic transform to avoid rounding errors, making them well suited to cryptography. The algorithms and parameter calculation are described in detail, including illustrative code examples and performance benchmarking.
GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED PANEL REGRESSION MODELING ON LIFE EXPECTANCY RATE IN SOUTH SULAWESI
Authors: Nabila Miftakhurriza  , Jelita Zalzabila  , Siswanto  , Kalondeng Anisa , Andi Isna Yunita  , Ania Samsir Aditya
Published: January 2025

Geographically Weighted Panel Regression (GWPR) is one of the panel data regression approaches used in spatial data analysis. This study uses the global Fixed Effect Model (FEM) panel regression model and the local GWPR model to examine Life Expectancy Rate (LER) at the district/city level in South Sulawesi Province in 2019-2021. LER is an important indicator that reflects the health and welfare of the community. This research aims to develop a GWPR model that can explain variations in LER and identify factors that affect that variable, so that it can help stakeholders in allocating resources and designing effective intervention programs. Parameter estimation in the GWPR model is carried out in each observation area using the Weighted Least Square (WLS) method. The calculation of spatial weights in the GWPR model used weighting functions such as fixed bi-square, fixed gaussian, fixed exponential, adaptive bi-square, adaptive gaussian, and adaptive exponential. The results showed that the use of a fixed exponential weighting function gave optimal results with the lowest cross-validation (CV) value of 44,614. Parameter analysis of the GWPR model shows that the factors that affect LER are local and not the same in each district/city in South Sulawesi Province. Factors that have a significant influence include the number of health facilities and households that have access to proper sanitation. This GWPR model has a coefficient of determination of 97,7%. The FEM model has a coefficient of determination of 58,4%. Therefore, GWPR performs LER modelling more effectively than FEM.
FORECASTING TOTAL ASSETS OF PT. BPD KALTIM KALTARA USING THE SINGLE EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING METHOD
Authors: Nurmayanti Wiwit Pura , Ningsih Eva Lestari , Arif Zainul , Fathurahman M , Hasanah Siti Hadijah
Published: January 2025

PT. BPD Kaltim Kaltara is one of the regional development banks that plays a crucial role in supporting regional economic development in East Kalimantan and North Kalimantan. The company's total assets reflect significant financial stability and growth, making it an interesting topic to analyze in the context of strategic financial planning. The purpose of this study is to use the Single Exponential Smoothing (SES) approach to forecast PT. BPD Kaltim Kaltara's total assets. In the forecasting process, alpha 0,3, alpha 0,6, alpha 0,7, and alpha 0,8 are tested to determine the best value that gives the most accurate results. Based on the forecasting accuracy analysis, the SES method with alpha = 0,7 proved to be the most optimal in predicting the company's total assets, achieving MAE = 1454272,737, MSE = 4764920751283, and MAPE = 4,0433% (excellent forecasting ability). The forecasting results show an upward trend in assets, with total assets in September 2024 estimated to reach IDR 48.440.683,75. This method provides valuable guidance in thecompany's financial strategic planning, helping to anticipate future asset developments more precisely.These forecasting results also emphasize the importance of selecting the right parameters in the forecasting model to improve prediction accuracy.
THE RELEVANCE OF THE SHORT STORY SYAMSYUN AL-JABBAR TO THE NARRATIVE OF PROPHET SYAM'UN: A NEW HISTORICISM STUDY
Authors: ِAinia Fatma Afita Sari  , Farhah Eva , Sausa Luigi
Published: January 2025

This study examines the relevance of characterization and plot in the short story Syamsyun Al-Jabbar by Kamil Kilani to the historical narrative of Prophet Syam’un using a New Historicism approach. The research aims to reveal the similarities and connections between the narrative elements of the short story and the historical account of Prophet Syam’un, which remains relatively unknown to the public. Data for this study were collected through library research by analyzing the short story Syamsyun Al-Jabbar and various historical sources documenting the life of Prophet Syam’un. The study employs a qualitative method with parallel analysis, comparing the text of the short story with historical sources. The findings reveal the relevance of the character Syamsyun to Prophet Syam’un, Dalilah to the Prophet's wife, and Sultan to the disbelievers, along with a parallelism in the plot comprising four main stages. In conclusion, the short story Syamsyun Al-Jabbar symbolically represents the history of Prophet Syam’un, emphasizing his existence in a way that highlights his underappreciated historical significance.
High-resolution whole-genome DNA methylation revealed unique signatures of painful diabetic neuropathy
Authors: Kwiatkowska Katarzyna Malgorzata , Garagnani Paolo , Bonafé Massimiliano , Bacalini Maria G. , Sala Claudia , Castellani Gastone , Gentilini Davide , Calzari Luciano , Ziegler Dan , Gerrits Monique M. , Faber Catharina G. , Malik Rayaz A. , Marchi Margherita , Salvi Erika , Lauria Giuseppe , Pirazzini Chiara
Published: January 2025

The aim of this work was to describe the DNA methylation signature and to identify genes associated with neuropathic pain in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

We analyzed two independent diabetic neuropathy cohorts: PROPGER consisting of 72 painful and 67 painless patients recruited at the German Diabetes Center in Düsseldorf (DE), and PROPENG comprising 27 painful and 65 painless diabetic neuropathy patients recruited at the University of Manchester (UK). Genome-wide methylation data was generated using Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC v1.0 BeadChip. We used four different selection criteria to identify promising pain-related genes. Our findings revealed significant differences in methylation patterns between painful and painless diabetic neuropathy and identified a set of individual CpG sites of unique candidate genes associated with the painful phenotype. Several of these genes, including GCH1, MYT1L and MED16, have been previously linked to pain-related phenotypes or diabetes. Through pathway enrichment analysis, we demonstrated that specific epigenetic signatures could contribute to the complex phenotype of diabetic neuropathy and cluster analyses highlighted significant epigenetic dissimilarities between painful and painless phenotypes.

Our results uncovered epigenetic differences between painful and painless diabetic neuropathy patients and identified targeted genes linked to neuropathic pain through DNA methylation mechanisms. This approach holds promise for investigating other chronic pain conditions, such as secondary chronic pain from cancer treatment, thoracic surgery, and various transplant settings.
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists and Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and the Prevention of Cirrhosis Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Pradhan Richeek , Yin Hui , Lu Sally , Sebastiani Giada , Yu Oriana , Suissa Samy , Azoulay Laurent
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE

To determine whether glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, separately, compared with dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are associated with a reduced risk of cirrhosis and other adverse liver outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

With an active comparator, new-user approach, we conducted a cohort study using the U.K. Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked with hospital and national statistics databases. Cox proportional hazards models using propensity score fine stratification weighting were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for cirrhosis (primary outcome) and decompensated cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver-related mortality (secondary outcomes).

RESULTS

In the first cohort comparing 25,516 patients starting GLP-1RAs and 186,752 starting DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1RAs were not associated with the incidence of cirrhosis (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.68–1.19) or the secondary outcomes. In a separate cohort comparing 33,161 patients starting SGLT-2 inhibitors and 124,431 starting DPP-4 inhibitors, SGLT-2 inhibitors were associated with a reduced incidence of cirrhosis (HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.46–0.90), as also decompensated cirrhosis (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.54–1.00), but not with a lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma or liver-related mortality.

CONCLUSIONS

In patients with type 2 diabetes in the U.K., GLP-1RAs were not associated with a lower risk of cirrhosis compared with DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, SGLT-2 inhibitors were associated with a lower risk of cirrhosis compared with DPP-4 inhibitors.
Adherence to guidelines for incidental pulmonary nodules: insights from a Nordic survey
Authors: Neumann Kirill , Berg Janna , Ashraf Haseem , Isaksson Johan , Aija Knuuttila  , Borg Morten H. , Rasmussen Torben R.
Published: January 2025

Background and purpose: There is limited data on the real-world management of incidental pulmonary nodules (IPN). In this article, we review current practices and adherence to international guidelines in the Nordic countries.
Materials and methods: This non-interventional, observational survey study based on an online survey consisting of 13 questions. In total, 32 hospitals responded to the survey, with 11 from Denmark, 10 from Sweden, 7 from Norway, and 4 from Finland, resulting in an overall response rate of 86% (32/37). These institutions reported following a median of 20 new lung nodules monthly (5–400 IPN cases per month).
Results: In Denmark and Sweden, 100% of respondents indicated the presence of national guidelines. In Norway, this rate was 86%, and in Finland 80%. Among the primary guidelines followed, 70% of respondents reported using national guidelines, 20% used international guidelines, and only 10% reported relying on local/institutional guidelines as their first choice. Most sites used a combination of international and national guidelines (75%, 24/32). Available international guidelines were equally represented, with 35% using the Fleischner Criteria, 30% using British Thoracic Society guidelines, and 35% using others (e.g. European Society for Medical Oncology, National Comprehensive Cancer Network). There was variation in which department held primary responsibility for IPN follow-up. The article also demonstrated differences in suggested follow-up cases from the survey.
Interpretation: The study reveals strong adherence to guidelines among Nordic hospitals, with a notable preference for hybrid approaches that combine different guidelines. We need continued efforts to harmonize and update guidelines.
Pacific Salmon at Sea: Using Historical Data to Characterize Distributions in a Warming Ocean
Authors: Langan Joseph , Cunningham Curry , Watson Jordan , McKinnell Skip
Published: January 2025

Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) spend a large portion of their life cycle in the open ocean, where their growth, survival, trophic interactions, and habitat selection are influenced by ocean conditions (Mueter et al. 2005; Farley et al. 2020; Litzow et al. 2020). As they travel across great distances in these offshore habitats, the vulnerability of salmon to fisheries interactions has also been a subject of concern in recent years (https://npafc.org/enforcement-activities/; Oozeki et al. 2018). Investigating salmon marine spatial dynamics through directed sampling efforts, however, is both resource-intensive and logistically difficult given the spatial scale of their marine migrations. Despite these challenges, there is a history of high seas Pacific salmon research led initially by the International North Pacific Fisheries Commission (1952–1992) and later by the North Pacific Anadromous Fish Commission (1993–Present). Through these collaborations, Pacific Rim nations have executed research programs across the North Pacific in pursuit of a variety of research objectives that shifted over time. Due to these evolving priorities, a sampling bias toward the late spring and summer, and decreased support for high seas research in recent decades, these data exhibit a highly heterogenous spatiotemporal distribution across the North Pacific. On aggregate, however, the salmon survey records cover much of the oceanic range of Pacific salmon and provide information on distribution and relative abundance throughout the seasonal cycle.
The State of Pacific Salmon Stocks in the Russian Far East and Its Relation to Climate Variations
Authors: Kanzeparova Albina , Krovnin Andrei , Kivva Kirill
Published: January 2025

At present, Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) stocks in the Russian Far East are at a high level that is reflected in their catches. The mean total catch over the last five years (2018–2023) constituted 478,000 metric tonnes. More than half of the total salmon catch in the Far East is provided by pink salmon (O. gorbuscha). As a rule, it is the pink salmon catch that determines the overall success or failure of the annual salmon fishing season. From the early 2000s to mid-2010s the southern stocks, mostly the East Sakhalin stock, contributed essentially to the total catch of pink salmon, providing up to 70% of the catches in that period (Fig. 1a). From 2016 on, pink salmon stock on Sakhalin Island decreased substantially, partly due to excessive fishery pressure (legal and illegal) but also because of the climatic variations. In particular, the decline of catches in both odd- and even- years coincided with deterioration of thermal conditions in the southern Sea of Okhotsk, which obviously was the wintering area for most of the stock (Fig. 2).
Recent Shift from Even- to Odd-Year Dominance in West Kamchatka Pink Salmon Stock: Does It Mean a New Climatic Tendency in the North Pacific?
Authors: Krovnin Andrei , Moury George , Kanzeparova Albina
Published: January 2025

The West Kamchatka (WK) pink salmon stock is one of the largest salmon stocks in the Russian Far East. During the last 115 years this stock, along with considerable variations in catches, is characterized by a clear dominance of either odd-year or even-year generations over periods of 3–4 decades. Thus, odd-year returning pink salmon provided the high catches from the early 1940s to 1983, while the returns in even-numbered years were abundant in 1914–1940 and 1986–2020 (Fig. 1). In 2021, the new period with predominance of odd-year generations of WK pink salmon has begun.
What We Learned in Chum School
Authors: Beamish Richard , Neville Chrys
Published: January 2025

It is generally accepted that Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) in the open ocean are non-schooling fishes. On March 31, 2022 in the Gulf of Alaska during a study of the winter ecology of Pacific salmon, seven juvenile chum salmon (O. keta) in their first ocean winter were caught in a 3 m x 3 m panel of gillnet with a stretched mesh size of 55 mm. This was clearly a school with fish that originated from three major locations from northern British Columbia to central Alaska and a straight-line distance between southern and northern locations of 1600 km. For these fish to be in this school in the gillnet they needed to have inherited a requirement to navigate to a particular location in the Gulf of Alaska and arrive at a particular time. They also needed to produce a chum salmon specific pheromone and have a requirement to detect increasing concentrations of the pheromone. For all of this to happen, there needed to be an evolved survival advantage to be in a school in the first ocean winter.
Where Have All the Chum Salmon Gone? An Assessment of Marine Critical Periods for Western Alaska Chum Salmon During Periods of Extreme Events in their Early Marine and Winter Ocean Habitats
Authors: Farley Edward , DeFilippo Lukas , Fergusson Emily , Miller Todd , Murphy James , Howard Kathrine , Gilk-Baumer Sara , Oxman Dion , Weitkamp Laurie
Published: January 2025

Record low run sizes of Chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) were observed in western Alaska from 2020 to 2022 following marine heat waves (extreme events) that occurred in their early marine and winter ocean habitats. Climate warming impacts on Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim (AYK) Chum salmon ecology in freshwater and marine habitats is a shared concern among Alaskan communities. The life history of AYK Chum salmon includes a short period within freshwater habitats, where adults spawn during fall months, eggs hatch during early spring the following year, and smolts leave freshwater and enter the marine environment during late spring and early summer (Urawa et al. 2018). During their first summer at sea, they are found feeding and growing within the shelf regions of the northern and southern Bering Sea as well as the Chukchi Sea. During late fall and winter, they migrate offshore where they overwinter in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) and eastern North Pacific Ocean (NPO; Myers et al. 2007). They continue their migratory pattern of wintering in the GOA and eastern NPO and summering in the Bering Sea and western GOA for one or more years before migrating back to their natal rivers during spring to begin the cycle again (Fig. 1).