bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMALISASI MEDIA ONLINE SEBAGAI SOLUSI PROMOSI PRODUK GAPOKTAN TRIGUNA 4.5 BERBASIS BAHAN BAKU KOPI
Authors: Analianasari Analianasari , Eko Win Kenali  , Dayang Berliana  , Meinilwita Yulia  , M. Perdiansyah M harahap
Published: September 2024

Tujuan kegiatan adalah (1) Meningkatkan pengetahuan anggota gapoktan 4.5 dalam memanfaatkan media online berbasis Web, (2) mengoptimalkan media social Intagram, sebagai promosi produk, dan (3) mengoptimalkan e-commerce sebagai media penjualan produk Gapoktan.  Metode yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan adalah penyuluhan, diskusi untuk memecahkan masalah, demontrasi cara untuk meningkatkan keterampilan peserta.   Pengembangan  web portal link  https://raosan.id/  sebagai media informasi  tentang Gapoktan Triguna 4.5 dan produk raosan; Pemanfaatan media sosial seperti Instagram sebagai media promosi produk raosan dan media komunikasi dengan konsumen untuk meningkatkan kunjungan dan penjualan pada laman  https://instagram.com/kopi_raosan; dan  optimalisasi pemanfaatan market place nasional seperti Tokopedia dan Shopee oleh tim marketing Raosan  dengan membuka layanan toko online sebagai seller untuk menjual produk raosan ditingkat nasional
VALIDITAS BUKU AJAR MATA KULIAH GEOMETRI BERBASIS CAPAIAN PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Sakur Sakur , Saragih Sehatta , Hutapea Nahor Murani
Published: September 2024

Adanya perubahan kompetensi yang dituntut sehingga memberikan dampak perubahan dalam isi dan muatan materi mata kuliah. Sehubungan dengan itu diperlukan penataan kembali muatan materi dalam mata kuliah.  Berdasarkan kajian awal-akhir sebagai tim Teaching mata kuliah Geometri, memandang perlu dikembangkan buku ajar yang sejalan dengan tuntutan kompetensi yang ditetapkan untuk memfasilitas mahasiswa dalam memahami materi perkuliahan. Peneliti menyadari pentingnya upaya mengembangkan buku ajar agar kompetensi calon guru yang dihasilkan Pendidikann Matematika FKIP UR sejalan dengan kebutuhan di Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan buku ajar yang digunakan dalam perkuliahan mata kuliah Goemetri yang valid dan praktikal. Hasil tahap define peneliti telah menyusun bahan kajian geometri, jaringan konsep dan indikator sub capaian pembelajaran mata kuliah. Penelitian pengembangan ini menghasilkan produk berupa Buku ajar Geometri sesuai Kurukulum berbasis KKNI pada materi geometri bidang datar dalam mata kuliah Geometri telah memenuhi aspek valid dari segi content validity (isi sesuai kurikulum), construct validity (sesuai penyajian, susunan bahasa  dan tampilan). Temuan lain adanya perbahan bahan kajian akibat dari perubahan kurikulum berbasis KKNI dengan muatan Kampus merdeka belajar. Juga konten buku ajar yang belum ada yakni rangkuman/apenndik/glosary
IMPACTOS PSICOSSOCIAIS EM FILHOS DE MULHERES VÍTIMAS DE VIOLÊNCIA POR PARCEIROS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Araújo Nivea Carolina Tavares , Costa Amailis Luiza Loiola , Gonçalves Ana Vitoria Dias Ribeiro , Estrela Sophia Carolline Camargo Macedo Faustino , Paiva Andressa Luzia Feitosa , Silva Ítalo Rafael Costa , Da Conceição Hayla Nunes da
Published: September 2024

Introdução: As vítimas de violência por parceiro íntimo enfrentam uma gama alarmante de consequências físicas e emocionais decorrentes dessas agressões, impactando não apenas as vítimas, mas também as pessoas em seu entorno, especialmente os filhos. Objetivo: Explorar, através da análise de literatura especializada, os impactos psicossociais sobre filhos de mulheres que foram vítimas de violência por parte de seus parceiros. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura.  As buscas na literatura foram conduzidas por meio descritores constantes no MeSH e no DeCS, combinados com os operadores booleanos AND e OR, realizadas na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde e   Medline via Pubmed. Resultados: Foram incluídos 10 artigos. Os estudos analisados abordam principalmente a exposição na infância e na adolescência à violência por parceiro íntimo (VPI) e suas consequências, variando de impactos no desenvolvimento físico e cognitivo até questões de saúde mental e ajustamento social. Conclusão: A análise sistemática dos artigos revelou que em círculos familiares com a presença de VPI, é notório os impactos negativos no desenvolvimento psicológico e comportamental das crianças.
DESENVOLVIMENTO E IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE UM PLANEJAMENTO ESTRATÉGICO SITUACIONAL NA UTI: PREVENÇÃO DE LESÃO POR PRESSÃO
Authors: Da Silva Santos Everton , Rios Gonçalves Silvas Luiza , De Souza Silva Fernanda , Bispo Almeida Joana , De  Sousa e Silva Marcia Danielle , Mirelle Coelho  Leite Alana
Published: September 2024

Introdução: Os enfermos que estão em internação na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) estão suscetíveis a desenvolver Lesão Por Pressão (LP). Prevenir esse agravo é uma função crucial na assistência à saúde. Objetivo: Descrever a experiência do desenvolvimento de um Planejamento Estratégico Situacional para prevenção de LP em uma UTI. Médoto: Trata-se de um relato de experiência onde foi realizada uma fase de identificação de problemas, e a alta incidência de LP foi escolhida como a problemática mais recorrente. Com o objetivo de apoiar a equipe na implementação da prática de prevenção de LP, os discentes produziram o relógio de mudança de decúbito, e foi executado atividades educativas com a equipe, para conscientizar sobre as práticas recomendadas para prevenção de LP, foi produzido também um material de apoio ilustrativo, contendo informações para aumentar o contato dos profissionais com o assunto e ser um guia de consulta rápida de informações. Resultados: Facilitadores: apoio, incentivo e motivação da enfermeira coordenadora. A equipe multiprofissional demonstrou total disposição em adquirir novos conhecimentos e práticas, se mostraram interessados em colaborar, aprender e adaptar-se às novas práticas. Dificuldades: aceitação pelos técnicos de enfermagem em encarar a ação proposta como uma atividade a mais a ser realizada, tendo em vista as queixas de sobrecargas de trabalho. Conclusão: Foi possível fortalecer a importância da mudança de decúbito, como também, ressaltar o direito e dever quanto à segurança do paciente, lançando mão de estratégias de conscientização, educação e implementação de uma nova prática que antes não era realizada.
Особенности использования цвета и света в лучших работах фестиваля видеопоэзии «Видеостихия»
Authors: Рудакова Светлана
Published: September 2024

Dieser Artikel betrachtet Videopoesie als ein Phänomen der zeitgenössischen Kunst. Es wird ein kurzer Exkurs in die Geschichte der Videopoesie gegeben. Die Popularität der Videopoesie zu Beginn des XXI. Jahrhunderts wird in diesem Artikel durch viele Faktoren erklärt, von denen einer die systematische Durchführung verschiedener Festivals und Wettbewerbe für poetische Videoclips seit 2002 ist. Das Hauptaugenmerk wird auf der Analyse von Videoclips liegen, die auf dem internationalen Festival für Videopoesie „Videostichia” präsentiert wurden. Die Besonderheit der Verwendung einer Technik wie Farbe in den besten Videoclips wird aufgezeigt. Es wird festgestellt, dass die Videopoesie die Idee der Farbe überarbeitet und sie symbolischer und einprägsamer macht. Jeder Clip verändert die gewöhnliche Wahrnehmung von Farbe und verwandelt sie in ein Symbol für Kunst und Leben.
Productive qualities of young sheep when using the new feed additive "BETA-FLORA"
Authors:   Volgograd State Agrarian University, Shperov A.S. , Chamurliev N.G. ,   Volgograd State Agrarian University, Chekunova A.L. ,   Volgograd State Agrarian University
Published: September 2024

Purpose. Determination of the optimal dose of the feed additive "BETA-FLORA" and its effect on the weight growth of young sheep of the Volgograd breed. Materials and Methods. Experimental studies to determine the optimal dose of the BETA-FLORA feed additive and its effect on the weight growth of young sheep were carried out in the conditions of Nikolaevskoye LLC, Nikolaevsky district, Volgograd region. The duration of the scientific and economic experiment was 120 days, including the main period of 90 days. Rams of the Volgograd breed from 2 to 5 months of age, the feed additive "BETA-FLORA" were the object of research. 4 groups of Volgograd breed rams were formed for the study (10 heads each), taking into account live weight, age and physiological condition. The formation of groups was carried out using the method of pair-analogues (Ovsyannikov A.I., 1976). Feeding diets for experimental rams were calculated according to detailed standards (Kalashnikov A.I., 2003), taking into account live weight and age. Live weight, absolute and average daily increase in live weight were determined using classical methods adopted in animal science. Digital research material was processed by the method of variation statistics according to N.A. Plokhinsky (1969) on a personal computer using Microsoft Office software and determining the reliability criterion according to Student. Results. 3 doses of the feed additive "BETA-FLORA" – 5, 10, 15 g were tested under practically identical conditions of feeding and keeping young sheep from 2 to 5 months. The optimal dose of the additive was established - 10 g per head per day, which was fed in a mixture with concentrates. The absolute increase in live weight in the control group was 14.50 kg, and in the experimental group 15.15-16.55 kg over the experimental period from 2 to 5 months. A significant difference in live weight was established at 4 months (0.50-1.35 kg) and 5 months (0.7-2.25 kg) between experimental and control animals (P<0.01 at four months age and P<0.01 at five months of age). Conclusion. The optimal dose of feeding the BETA-FLORA feed additive has been established – 10 g per head per day for young sheep of the Volgograd breed. The inclusion of the above optimal dose of feed additive in the diet for young animals from 2 to 5 months of age contributed to an increase in live weight by 2.05 kg compared to the control group. Feed costs per 1 kg of growth were reduced by 0.94 energy feed units and 107.5 g of feed protein.
Driving to Opportunity? Work and Car Access Among Low-Income Ride-Hail and Delivery Drivers
Authors: Brown Anne
Published: September 2024

Personal vehicles positively impact outcomes ranging from employment to activity participation. Yet owning and maintaining a personal vehicle often proves challenging for households earning low incomes. Ride-hail and delivery platforms, which allow drivers to operate personal vehicles or rent vehicles by the week, may offer low-income workers new access to vehicles and alter the labor market landscape. This paper uses data from three focus groups and a national US survey of active Uber ride-hail drivers and couriers living in low-income households to examine 1) peoples’ motivations for driving on ride-hail or delivery platforms, 2) how driving impacts car access for low-income households, and 3) how driving fits into peoples’ broader work experiences. I find that ride-hail/delivery work is far from one-size-fits-all. Drivers use platform work to complement, supplement, or replace traditional work; in other words, people drive to fill gaps in employment, earn extra money on top of primary full-time work, or opt to drive over other jobs. The role driving plays in peoples’ lives often changes over time in response to variable household and financial needs. Drivers leverage the position’s flexibility, which is rarely found in employment opportunities available to people earning low-incomes. Drivers also report how platform work can both alleviate existing financial precarity and create new forms of economic uncertainty. For a subset of drivers, many of whom could not previously afford a personal car, ride-hail/delivery work—and particularly renting vehicles from company partners—appears an important avenue to access and maintain a personal vehicle.
Healthcare workers’ preferences in the delivery of heart disease screening: A systematic review
Authors: Halahakone Ureni , Borg Samantha J , Senanayake Sameera , McCreanor Victoria , Parsonage William , Brain David
Published: September 2024

Healthcare providers play a crucial role in the success of heart disease screening programs. However, screening for heart disease remains underutilized due to organizational barriers such as time constraints, user knowledge of the intervention, workforce constraints and turnover and availability of resources. Therefore, it is important to understand the preferences of healthcare providers on how to best integrate cardiac disease screening in routine practice.Five databases were systematically searched for studies that reported on healthcare providers' opinions, thoughts, and preferences on cardiac disease screening published between January 2013 and August 2023 were included. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify patterns and themes across included studies, and the quality of studies was assessed using the mixed methods appraisal tool.The initial search yielded 4624 articles, with 21 meeting the inclusion criteria. Included studies represented diverse healthcare settings and research methodologies. The identified themes were categorized into two overarching themes ‘screening preferences’ and ‘implementation of screening into practice’. Screening preferences included choice of screening device, frequency of screening, and screening population. The latter identified the crucial elements healthcare professionals prioritize when integrating screening procedures into their daily routines i.e., Change Management, Governance, Communication, Costs, and Infrastructure.Understanding their preferences and addressing organizational barriers are essential for effective implementation. By integrating their insights into practice, cardiac diseases can be detected early, optimizing patient outcomes and mitigate the burden of cardiac diseases on individuals and society.
Resilient foods for preventing global famine: a review of food supply interventions for global catastrophic food shocks including nuclear winter and infrastructure collapse
Authors: García Martínez Juan , Behr Jeffray , Pearce Joshua , Denkenberger David
Published: September 2024

Global catastrophic threats to the food system upon which human society depends are numerous. A nuclear war or volcanic eruption could collapse agricultural yields by inhibiting crop growth. Nuclear electromagnetic pulses or extreme pandemics could disrupt industry and mass-scale food supply by unprecedented levels. Global food storage is limited. What can be done? This article presents the state of the field on interventions to maintain food production in these scenarios, aiming to prevent mass starvation and reduce the chance of civilizational collapse and potential existential catastrophe. The potential for rapid scaling, affordability, and large-scale deployment is reviewed for a portfolio of food production methods over land, water, and industrial systems. Special focus is given to proposing avenues for further research and technology development and to collating policy proposals. Maintaining international trade and prioritizing crops for food instead of animal feed or biofuels is paramount. Both mature, proven methods (crop relocation, ruminants, greenhouses, seaweed, fishing, etc.) and novel resilient foods are characterized. A future research agenda is outlined, including scenario characterization, policy development, production ramp-up and economic analyses, and rapid deployment trials. Governments could implement national plans and task forces to address extreme food system risks, and invest in resilient food solutions to safeguard citizens against global catastrophic food failure.
Nd isotopic equilibration during channelized melt transport through the lithosphere: a feasibility study using idealized numerical models
Authors: Roy Mousumi , Farmer G. , Malone Kellen
Published: September 2024

Abstract {This study is motivated by the observed variability in trace element isotopic and chemical compositions of primitive (SiO$_2<$52 wt \%) basalts in southwest North America (SWNA) during the Cenozoic transition from subduction to extension. Specifically, we focus on processes that may explain the enigmatic observation that in some localities, basalts with low Ta/Th, consistent with parental melts in a subduction setting, have $\varepsilon_{Nd}$ signatures consistent with continental lithospheric mantle (CLM). In locations with the oldest CLM (Proterozoic and Archaean), Cenozoic basalts with low Ta/Th have $\varepsilon_{Nd}$ well below zero. We model channelized magma transport through the CLM using simple 1D transport models to explore the extent to which diffusive and reactive mass exchange can modify Nd isotopic compositions via open system melt-wallrock interactions. For geologically reasonable channel spacings and volume fractions, we quantify the reactive assimilation rates required for incoming melt with a different $\varepsilon_{Nd}$ than the wall-rock to undergo a substantial isotopic shift during $\approx$10 km channelized melt transport. In the presence of grain boundaries, enhanced diffusion between melt-rich channels and melt-poor surrounding rock contributes to isotopic equilibration, however this effect is not enough to our models suggest that requires a significant contribution from reactive assimilation of wallrock. Additionally our models support the idea that the observed covariability in Ta/Th and $\varepsilon_{Nd}$ in Cenozoic basalts cannot be attributed to transport alone and must reflect the transition from subduction-related to extension-related parental melts in SWNA.}
Damage detection in an uncertain nonlinear beam
Authors: Cunha Jr Americo , Giacon Villani Luis Gustavo , Da Silva Samuel
Published: September 2024

The present paper proposes the use of discrete time Volterra series expanded with Kautz filters for predicting the experimental response of a nonlinear beam, taking into account uncertainties that are inherent to the system. Nonlinear behavior is simulated considering large amplitude of vibration in a clamped-free beam, with a magnet near the free end to cause cubic sti_ness e_ect. The Volterra kernels and Kautz functions are estimated in a stochastic way, where the limits of confidence are established to the system response and used as a reference model to detect damage. The detection approach is based on a nonlinear stochastic index and hypothesis test, considering di_erent levels of simulated damage, associated with loss of mass. The results have shown that considering the uncertainties when identifying the model is very important in the process of damage detection and the nonlinear metric proved to be more appropriated to describe the system response with better results mainly in the nonlinear regime of motion.
Effect of an attached end mass in the dynamics of uncertainty nonlinear continuous random system
Authors: Cunha Jr Americo , Sampaio Rubens
Published: September 2024

This work studies the dynamics of a one dimensional elastic bar with random elastic modulus and prescribed boundary conditions, say, fixed at one end, and attached to a lumped mass and two springs (one linear and another nonlinear) on the other extreme. The system analysis assumes that the elastic mod-ulus has gamma probability distribution and uses Monte Carlo simulations to compute the propagation of uncertainty in this continuous–discrete system. After describing the deterministic and the stochastic modeling of the system, some configurations of the model are analyzed in order to characterize the effect of the lumped mass in the overall behavior of this dynamical system.
Lubricant Performance in Bicycle Roller Chains
Authors: Dowd Teal , Cavanaugh Patrick , Mansson Jan-Anders
Published: September 2024

Lubricant selection plays a crucial role in optimizing bicycle drivetrain efficiency by minimizing energy losses due to friction. Despite extensive research on aerodynamics, the characterization of lubricants for cycling remains underexplored. This study evaluates the performance of various lubricants, including wax-based and dry-based options, under realistic cycling conditions using a custom-designed testing rig. New Shimano Ultegra 11-speed chains were stripped of factory lubricants and treated with commercially available and custom lubricants. The performance of these lubricants was assessed through repeated efficiency tests and wear cycles. The results indicate that the best wax-based lubricants were highly durable, repeatable, and provided consistent drivetrain efficiency over a long period (>60hrs), although some required a breaking-in period to reach maximum performance. Dry-based lubricants were less repeatable, and their performance deteriorated quickly (<30hrs). Interestingly, one dry lubricant outperformed the best wax based lubricant under higher-speed conditions, suggesting that lubricant choice can be tailored to specific riding conditions to maximize efficiency. The insights gained from this study provide valuable guidance for cyclists, mechanics, and manufacturers in selecting and applying lubricants to enhance drivetrain efficiency and longevity, ultimately contributing to improved cycling performance and reduced component wear.
The role of learners’ individual differences in choices of vocabulary learning strategies in self-regulated vocabulary learning among Chinese foreign language learners
Authors: GAO TINO , Fan Yifan , Chen Ting Ge
Published: September 2024

Previous research indicates that learners' established vocabulary learning habits and their reluctance to adopt more effective strategies proposed by their teachers undermine the effectiveness of vocabulary learning strategy (VLS) instruction. This two-stage exploratory study investigated how learners’ individual differences affect their VLS choices, focusing on 40 Mandarin-speaking high school and college learners (24 females), each with at least nine years of English learning experience and some with experiences of learning a third language. In Part 1, participants were asked to reflect on recent vocabulary learning experiences and identify VLSs they used in a semi-structured interview. A thematic analysis of the interview transcripts revealed 11 distinct dimensions of VLS choices. To measure the likelihood of usage in each dimension, participants subsequently completed an adapted version of the Vocabulary Learning Questionnaire (Gu & Johnson, 2003). Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was performed on the survey responses to identify a two-group model (BIC = 734.068) of vocabulary learners: intrinsically motivated (N = 18) and extrinsically motivated (N = 22). In Part 2, participants were asked to reflect on the personal factors influencing their VLS choices, and comparisons were made between the two groups during the coding process. The result generated three themes affecting VLS choices: motivation, cognitive strategies, and socio-affective interaction. Extrinsic learners set test-oriented goals, used analytical strategies for memorization, and sought supervision or competition. In contrast, intrinsic learners focused on mastery goals, used intuitive strategies, and actively sought meaningful interaction with speakers. We suggest teachers provide well-structured vocabulary lists and word-structure analysis to facilitate the encoding of lexicon for extrinsic learners and foster meaningful connections with target culture and native speakers to increase intrinsic learners’ motivation.
Neurophysiological Signatures of Working Memory Binding and Updating during Encoding
Authors: Sadus Kathrin , Schubert Anna-Lena , Löffler Christoph , Hemming Wiebke Bernhardine , Hagemann Dirk
Published: September 2024

Working memory (WM) has been extensively studied in cognitive psychology and there are many different tasks to assess WM capacity. In a seminal study, Ecker et al. (2010) found that binding and updating tasks are particularly well suited for assessing WM capacity. Although these tasks are commonly used, it is unclear to what extent the underlying processes are comparable. To investigate the specific and general neurophysiological properties, we designed a task set that allowed us to disentangle and investigate the nature of binding and specific updating processes, namely substitution and transformation.We recruited a heterogeneous sample of 151 participants (female = 89, Mage = 34.77, SD = 12.78) who completed a binding and two updating tasks while an EEG was recorded. Mass univariate cluster-based permutation analyses of event-related potentials revealed a temporally and spatially widespread cluster when comparing binding and updating demands. Within this cluster, there was an increase in positivity associated with the processing of updating demands, which was mainly concentrated in frontal regions in the early time window and later shifted towards parietal regions. When comparing transformation and substitution, we also found an increase in positivity, especially within the traditional P3 time window. Our results point to notable differences in the neurophysiological processes underlying the different WM tasks, while indicating greater similarities for the different updating demands. Further exploration of the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying WM processing could improve our understanding of the essential functions that underlie WM performance.
A Cross-Cultural Test of Competing Hypotheses About System Justification Using Data From 42 Nations
Authors: Valdes Evan A. , Liu James H , Williams Matt N , Carr Stuart C.
Published: September 2024

System Justification Theory (SJT) is a thriving field of research, wherein the primary questions revolve around why individuals and groups are motivated to see the systems they depend on as just, fair, and legitimate. This article seeks to answer how accurate the postulates of SJT are when compared to competing self-interest claims of Social Identity and Social Dominance Theory. We addressed the ongoing debates among proponents of each theory by identifying who, when, and why individuals decide to system-justify. We used data comprised of 24,009 participants nested within 42 countries. Multilevel models largely supported the competing claims of Social Dominance and Social Identity Theories over SJT. The most robust findings were: (1) greater objective SES was associated with greater system justification; (2) the consistent positive relationship between subjective SES and system justification was partially mediated by life satisfaction; and (3) both ends of the political spectrum were willing to system-justify more when the political party they favored was in power. The results presented are used to discuss both the current state and future directions for system justification research.
Factors associated with land accessibility among rural farm youth in Kebbi State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, Kebbi University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Nigeria., Ibrahim Sani , Samaila Nasiru ,   Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, Kebbi University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Nigeria., Garba Lawal ,   Department of Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Federal University of Agriculture, Zuru, Nigeria.
Published: September 2024

The study assessed the factors associated with land accessibility among rural farm youth. Specifically, it described the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, identified respondents' access to land, and isolated factors influencing respondents' access to land. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 200 respondents for the study. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, including percentages, charts, mean scores, and standard deviation. Principal components analysis was used to isolate crucial factors influencing respondents' access to land. The study shows that the mean age of respondents was 29.46±4.89 years. The majority (68.0%) of the respondents were males; the majority (76.5%) were married; 47.2% of the respondents had no form of formal education, with an average number of children of 5±4.31 and an average annual income of N269,560.72±113,289.34. Access to land through inheritance was the primary access to land by the respondents, with a mean of M=3.7250 ±0.71550. Significant factors influencing respondents' access to land are socio-demographic factors, culture-related, social, community-related, and education-related factors. It is recommended, among others, that any form of barrier to access to land by the respondents should be removed to encourage food production.
OmniSense: A Visuotactile Sensor for Force, Texture, and Temperature
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, See A. R. , De Guzman L. B. ,   Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, De La Salle University Manila, Abad A. , Tiong T. J. , Cortez J. V.
Published: September 2024

nterest in visuotactile sensors has amassed relevance in robotics, haptics, and computer vision due to their ability to perceive high-resolution tactile information and contact measurements [1,3]. One popular visuotactile sensor is the GelSight sensor which comprises a transparent elastomer with a coating on one side, a camera, a set of LED lights, and a transparent support plate [2-4]. The transparent elastomer with reflective coating serves as the contact medium for tactile sensing, which deforms respective to the object's surface geometry upon contact, and the image is captured by a camera [3,5]. From the captured tactile image, the object in contact can be detected and reconstructed in 3D, and corresponding contact forces such as slip torque and shear can be measured [1-5]. These attributes make visuotactile sensors superior to conventional scanners, tactile, and force sensors in various applications [4-6]. medical applications. Compared to human touch, the sensor proved to have greater sensitivity in detecting lumps with the same lump size or depth. From these attributes, the sensor has great use case for external tumor screening and advantageous in performing telemedicine Aside from industrial applications, it has exemplified potential in and in some cases minimally invasive surgeries [7]. While the GelSight sensor is revered for its qualities, it requires two different elastomers to perform the mentioned applications, one with markers and one without markers [3,8]. In 2022, Abad et al. developed a new visuotactile sensor named HaptiTemp and proposed a way to allow force measurements and detections on one elastomer [8]. Instead of using black permanent markers, Abad et al. used Ultraviolet markers that become visible under UV LED illumination, enabling force assessments without being an obstruction during recognition. Accordingly, it is worth mentioning that this research opened an additional use case for visuotactile sensors. From its name, HaptiTemp, the sensor can also measure the temperature of objects in contact, which is achieved using thermochromic pigments with different thresholds layered along the elastomer. However, it was not able to implement metrology applications and 3D reconstruction. Hence, by incorporating multiple thermochromic coatings, high-detail retrographic image production is reduced due to color noise and the elastomer's sensitivity to deform due to the thicker contact coating. Following these researches, we developed a new visuotactile sensor,named OmniSense, that incorporates all the sensors' functionalities to completely sense the trifecta of tactile information - force, texture, and temperature using one sensor. This paper focuses on the hardware and elastomer development of the new sensor.
Deployable Origami-Inspired Gripper for Minimally Invasive Surgery
Authors:   The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Mocellin L. ,   Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, Universita` di Pisa, Signoretti S. , Maglio S. , Bernabei M. , Ciuti G. , Menciassi A.
Published: September 2024

Surgery has witnessed remarkable advancements in terms of enhancement of the overall quality and min- imization of the impact of surgical procedures on pa- tients. A notable evolution has occurred transitioning from traditional open-access approaches to minimally invasive surgery (MIS). Despite the undeniable advan- tages of MIS, significant challenges persist regarding the adaption of conventional surgical instruments, which have to be miniaturized yet suitable for accurate surgical tasks, like the device shown by Salerno et al. [1]. Traditional rigid-joint-based instruments have mechan- ical disadvantages like wear and backlash due to tiny mechanical components, that are prolonging and com- plicating also the sterilization process [2]. In response to these challenges, an innovative solution emerges by applying origami-inspired design principles. The inherent versatility of origami structures offers the potential for flexible, lightweight and adaptable surgical tools. A recent origami-inspired manipulator for eye surgery proposed by Suzuki et al. [3] shows that its compact design provides several advantages such as fewer mechanical parts, backlash-free flexure joints and easy and less expensive manufacturing. This work aims to explore an origami-based approach to advance MIS by introducing an innovative gripper designed to overcome the limitations of traditional sur- gical tools. Primary focus is on creating an innovative origami-based design, exploiting rapid prototyping and additive manufacturing techniques. The gripper was me- chanically characterized for assessing its functionality and performance.
A Pneumatic-Driven Robot for MR-Guided Prostate Therapy
Authors:   School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Liang Haipeng , Li Hongguang , Kessler Dimitri ,   Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Barrett Tristan , Tse Zion Tsz Ho
Published: September 2024

With the capability of providing images of suspicious lesions inside soft tissues including the prostate, brain, and breast, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been widely used for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Traditional methods of cancer treatment require physicians to site a needle into the target area for biopsy, ablation, or brachytherapy. However, this has potential disadvantages including low accuracy, long procedure and postoperative recovery time, and low detection rates. In contrast, the utilisation of robots that can work in the Magnetic Resonance (MR) environment enhances MR-guided operations. Utilising high-resolution MR images, targeting accuracy can be improved, with detection rates increased significantly. However, there remain technical challenges to the deployment of robots in MRI scanners. Due to the strong magnetic field generated, ferromagnetic materials are prohibited from use, and with only limited use of paramagnetic materials. The material that is MR safe needs to be nonmagnetic, nonmetallic, and nonconductive. Another challenge is the confined space inside the scanner bore, which requires the robot working inside to be compact. Several MR conditional robots have been proposed [1], [2]. Owing to the complicated structure and power transfer system, their large size limits application within the narrow closed bore. As such, this study proposes a new robot that has a compact size, allowing it to be easily placed within the MRI bore. The pneumatic actuators used are inherently MR- safe. With four degrees of freedom (DoFs), the needle can be inserted into the target point at various orientations.
Learning Based Sim-to-Real Autonomous 3D Navigation for Robot-Operated Right Heart Catheterization
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Wang Yaxi , Muthurangu Vivek ,   Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Wurdemann Helge A
Published: September 2024

Cardiovascular Disease (CVDs) were responsible for 20.5 million deaths in 2021, comprising approximately one-third of all global fatalities and maintaining their position as the leading cause of human mortality. [1] Right Heart Catheterization (RHC) stands out as a highly effective clinical diagnosis for some conditions of CVDs. The procedure involves the use of a specialized Swan- Ganz catheter, which is inserted through a minor incision in either the patient’s femoral or jugular vein. It is then meticulously navigated into the inferior vena cava (IVC), right atrium (RA) and right ventricle (RV), and precisely positioned within the pulmonary artery (PA). Numerous research have been launched to advance the de- velopment of robotically operated cardiac interventions, with the goal of reducing the physical strain on clinicians associated with manual procedures. Additionally, there is a growing interest in the integration of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for enabling autonomous functionality in interventional robots. [2], [3], [4] For example, Chi et al. achieved tra- jectory optimization for catheter interventions in various cardiac phantoms through Learning from Demonstrations (LfD) using Gaussian mixture models (GMM). [5] A new trend is emerging, focusing on the use of virtual environments for policy learning and training, with seam- less transfer from simulation to real robotic autonomous operations (Sim-to-Real). Y. Cho et al. successfully implemented Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) using a Behavioral Cloning algorithm, where policies were initially trained in a simulation environment before being applied in real-world 2D autonomy scenarios. [6] This paper presents a novel, learning-based robotic system designed for 3D navigation of a catheter, specifically tar- geting Right Heart Catheterization (RHC). Experiments demonstrate that the transfer from simulation to the real- world can be achieved by using Behavioural Cloning (BC) algorithms, which in turn enable autonomous robotic operated interventions within patient-specific phantoms.
Development of a Near-Field Wireless Power Transfer System for Controlling Electronic Motors within Capsule Endoscopes
Authors:   Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Boyd B. ,   Automatic Control and Systems Engineering Department, University of Sheffield,   Insigneo Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Esendag K. , Miyashita S. , Damian D. D.
Published: September 2024

Tethered endoscopic procedures have traditionally been used to study and perform minimally invasive surgeries in the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract but have drawbacks relating to patient discomfort and their inability to explore much of the small intestine. The advent of ingestible capsule endoscopes (CE) has allowed many of these drawbacks to be addressed. However, CE are still unable to reliably perform actions such as tis- sue/microbiota sample collection or microsurgery within the gut [1]. Such applications will require CE to be equipped with small, safe, and wirelessly controllable actuation mechanisms. Miniature electronic motors have previously been used to achieve actuation within CE [2-4]. While the high torque and repeatable motion of electronic actuators are advantageous, complex logic and communication circuitry are often required to control them. Furthermore, the internal batteries which power the motors raise concerns relating to their size, safety, and lifetime [4]. This work presents a near-field wireless power transfer (WPT) system and circuit for controlling electronic DC motors in CE without the need for batteries or complex circuitry. The WPT system works on the principle of magnetic inductive coupling under resonant conditions between a transmitter (Tx) coil external to the pa- tient’s body and a receiver (Rx) coil internal to the capsule (Fig. 1). A means of reversing the motor was developed using an H-bridge of reed switches which can be actuated by the application of a DC magnetic field. The maximum operating distance between Rx and Tx coils which allowed successful actuation of a motor was characterised. Fig. 1(a-d) show an example of how the system could be employed in a multi-capsule assembly for collecting and storing a site-specific sample of microbiota to aid in the early diagnosis of disease [5].
सकम्बरी गीतमा निहितार्थता
Authors: न्यौपाने Nyaupane श्रीधर Shreedhar
Published: September 2024

प्रस्तुत लेख ‘सकम्बरी’ गीतमा निहित अर्थको विश्लेषण गर्ने उद्देश्यले तयार पारिएको हो । यस लेखको अध्ययन क्षेत्रका रूपमा प्रकाश सपुतको ‘सकम्बरी’ गीत र समस्याका रूपमा निहितार्थता रहेको छ । यस लेखमा ‘सकम्बरी’ गीतमा निहितार्थतालाई केकसरी प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ भन्ने प्राज्ञिक जिज्ञासालाई मुख्य समस्या बनाइएको छ । बहुसत्यमा विश्वास गरिएको यस अध्ययनमा गुणात्मक अनुसन्धान ढाँचा अवलम्बन गरिएको छ । जीवन निर्वाहका लागि सहरमा बसेर यौवन बेच्दा मानिस उपेक्षित बन्छ भन्ने कुरालाई यस लेखमा तत्त्वमीमांसाका रूपमा ग्रहण गरिएको छ र शोधदर्शनका बिचमा समन्वयसमेत कायम गरिएको छ । प्राथमिक र द्वितीयक स्रोतका सामग्रीको अध्ययन गरी प्राप्त तथ्यका आधारमा पाठविश्लेषण विधिको उपयोग गरी लेखलाई पूर्णता प्रदान गरिएको छ । यस अध्ययनमा सङकथन विश्लेषणअन्तर्गतको निहितार्थतालाई गीत विश्लेषणको सैद्धान्तिक आधार बनाइएको छ । यसै सैद्धान्तिक मान्यताका आधारमा निर्मित सूचकहरू सङकेत निर्मिति, पाठसंसार निर्मिति र कार्यकलाप निर्मितिका कोणबाट गीतको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । सकम्बरीले जीविकाका लागि सहरमा प्रवेश गरी आर्थिक समृद्धि प्राप्त गरे पनि उसको अस्मितामा सङकट सिर्जना भएको छ भन्ने केन्द्रीय कथ्यलाई यस गीतमा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ भन्ने निष्कर्ष यस अध्ययनको रहेको छ ।
नेपाली लोकगाथामा लैङगिक विभेद
Authors: पौडेल Poudel गीताकुमारी Gitakumari
Published: September 2024

प्रस्तुत लेख ‘नेपाली लेकगाथा’ मा लैङगिक विभेदको विश्लेषणमा आधारित छ । लैङगिक अध्ययन नारीहित र समन्यायमा आधारित वैचारिक चिन्तन हो । यसले नारीको लैङगिक विभेदपूर्ण र शोषित अवस्थाको अस्वीकृतिमूलक अध्ययन गर्छ । यो लैङगिक अध्ययनको आधारशिला पनि हो । यहाँ लैङगिक अध्ययनको लैङगिक विभेदसम्बन्धी मान्यताका आधारमा ‘नेपाली लोकगाथा ’ लोकगाथामार्फत तत्कालीन नेपाली समाजका नारीहरूको लैङगिक विभेदपूर्ण अवस्थाको विश्लेषण गरी तथ्थपूर्ण निष्कर्षमा पुग्ने प्रयास गरिएको छ । त्यसैले यस लेखलाई लैङगिक अध्ययनको विशेष गरी लैङगिक भेदभाव र शोषणमा आधारित सामाजिक अवस्थाको केन्द्रित गरिएको छ । यस लेखका लागि सामग्री सङकलन गर्न पुस्तकालयको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । सङकलित सामग्रीको विश्लेषणको लागि निगमन विधि र लेख प्रस्तुतीकरणमा वर्णनात्मक विधि अवलम्बन गरिएको छ । यहाँ वर्णनात्मक विधिको प्रयोग गरी पाठपरक तथ्यका आधारमा नारीमाथि हुने लैङगिक विभेदको तार्किक विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । तत्कालीन पितृसत्तात्मक सामाजिक परम्परागत मान्यता, रूढि, अन्धविश्वास, कुसंस्कार र सांस्कृतिक मुल्यलाई नारीविरोधी ज्ञानका रूपमा निर्माण गरी लैङगिक विभेद, शोषण, दमन र उत्पीडनका लागि बलियो आधार निर्माण गरिएको छ र जसका कारणले  नारीहरू लैङगिक विभेदपूर्ण व्यवहारको सिकार भएका छन । पितृसत्ताको हैकमवाद, निरङकुश शासन, उत्पीडन, सामाजिक तथा सांस्कृतिक गतिविधि तथा विभेदयुक्त सामाजिक कार्यले पुरुषको तुलनामा महिला लैङगिक विभेद र उत्पीडनमा परेको स्पष्ट हुन्छ । लोकगाथामा नारीमाथिको लङगिक विभेद र उत्पीडनको प्रमुख आधार पितृसत्ता बनेको छ भने त्यसको पनि आधारको रूपमा तत्कालीन सामन्तवादी विमर्शात्मक सामाजिक संरचना रहेको छ । यही सामाजिक संरचनाका कारण नारीहरू बालविवाह, अनमेल विवाह, सतीप्रथा, लैङगिक विभेद र लैङगिक उत्पीडनको सिकार भएका छन जसले गर्दा नारीको प्रतिरोध शक्ति कमजोर भई उनीहरूले अबला, निरीह, शक्तिहीन र कमजोर अवस्था भोग्न बाध्य भएका छन । पितृसत्ताले मानिसको प्राकृतिक लिङगका विपरीत सामाजिक सांस्कृतिक आधारमा निर्मित विभेदकारी लैङगिकसम्बन्ध स्थापित गरी नारीहरूलाई लैङगिक विभेद गरेको निष्कर्ष प्राप्त भएको छ ।
Knowledge, Attitudes and Barriers of Breast Self-Examination Among Women in Nyio Ward, Arua City
Authors: Nabirye Halima
Published: September 2024

Breast self-examination (BSE) is an effective, inexpensive and simple screening technique for examining breasts monthly to detect breast cancer. Among women diagnosed with breast cancer in Uganda, 89 per cent of them present with stage III or IV, which has a poor prognosis. This study was conducted to assess knowledge, attitudes and barriers regarding BSE among women in Nyio ward, Arua City, Uganda.
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 354 women selected by cluster sampling and random walk method. Data was entered into Microsoft Excel, coded and analysed using the SPSS version 23. Knowledge of BSE among the participants was low. Less than half of the respondents (47.5 per cent) had ever heard about BSE as means of early detection of breast cancer and only 23.2 per cent knew how to perform BSE. The majority (95.8 per cent) had a positive attitude towards BSE practice, 85.7 per cent believed BSE is crucial in detecting breast cancer early, and most (83.3 per cent) agreed early detection increases the chances of long-term survival. The most common barrier towards BSE was lack of awareness.
A multidisciplinary approach, including the use of mass media, is required to create awareness about BSE and to reach a broader community.
Analysis of Avtur/Jet A-1 stock resilience at XYZ Company
Authors: Setiaji Efraim Dandy Pandawa , Pratama Ibnu Lukman
Published: September 2024

AY Airport is an international airport that continues to operate every day. The need for aviation fuel or Avtur is always needed and not in small quantities. The condition of the Covid-19 pandemic, which requires X Company to meet fuel needs regardless of the circumstances, is a challenge for X Company. With current conditions that are always changing, an analysis of stock resilience was carried out at the Avtur storage tank facility in 2018-2022 to identify the coverage of days that Y Depot the regulations issued by BPH Migas and Pertamina Aviation. The results stated that stock resilience was at a good level during the pandemic with resilience above 9 days, and some stocks were declared critical in the pre-pandemic period.
Variantes genéticas y niveles séricos de la ApoA1 y ApoB100 en gestantes peruanas con preeclampsia severa
Authors: Pacheco Romero José , Acosta Oscar , Huerta Doris , Vargas Marlene , Cabrera Santiago , Mascaro Pedro , Huamán Moisés , Sandoval José , Mateus Julio , Gil Enrique , Fujita Ricardo
Published: September 2024

Antecedentes. La preeclampsia es una enfermedad multiorgánica que causamorbimortalidad materna y perinatal, con una fisiopatología poco clara y sin métodosde prevención y/o tratamientos específicos. Objetivo. Establecer la asociación entrelas variantes -75 G/A en el gen ApoA1, 2488 C/T en el gen ApoB100, los niveles séricosde la ApoA1 y ApoB100 y la preeclampsia severa en gestantes peruanas. Métodos.Se procesaron muestras sanguíneas de gestantes con preeclampsia severa y sanas(controles) para extracción de ADN y genotipado con la técnica PCR-RFLP. Además, seanalizó el suero para cuantificar la ApoA1 y ApoB100. Se compararon los genotiposy alelos entre los casos y controles, así como los niveles séricos de ApoA1 y ApoB100considerando los genotipos. Resultados. No se encontraron diferencias significativasentre las frecuencias genotípicas y alélicas de la variante -75 G/A en el gen ApoA1 y2488 C/T en el gen ApoB100 de ambos grupos. Se halló una diferencia significativa(p=0,039) al comparar el ApoA1 sérico en pacientes con genotipos heterocigotosGA, siendo los niveles promedio más bajos en preeclámpticas severas (161,37± 40,21) respecto a las controles (185,37 ± 35,38). Conclusiones. Si bien no se haencontrado asociación entre las variantes -75 G/A en el gen APOA1 y 2488 C/T en elgen ApoB100 y la preeclampsia, sin embargo, los niveles séricos de la ApoA1 fueronsignificativamente menores en las preeclampticas severas con genotipo heterocigotoGA respecto a los controles. De esta manera, se contribuye en la comprensión de lapreeclampsia en gestantes peruanas.
ALBERT CAMUS, THE ABSURD AND MARTYRDOM BY ARIEF S. ARMAN:
Authors: Malick Elias
Published: September 2024

Thank you for another insightful edition of the Al-Shajarah, ISTAC Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilisation, Volume 26, Number 1, 2021. Moreover, an extended appreciation for the opportunity to post this rejoinder to the above-named article. At a glance, ‘martyrdom’ captures the attention and conjures questions, especially when positioned with Camus’ absurdism often read as the ‘meaninglessness.’ But ‘suicide’ defined as killing oneself, and a suicide attack as killing oneself and others in the process is not martyrdom. Etymologically, in the old English, a ‘martyr’ is a ‘witness’ originating from the Greek ‘mártur’ and this meaning is consistent with the Arabic term shahīd, literally a witness. Arman is not conflating the two, but one has to read some distance into the article to determine that.