bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ação antrópica em torno das nascentes da Microbacia do Rio Bitury, Município de Belo Jardim (Região Agreste de Pernambuco)
Authors: Silva Júnior Luciano Gomes da
Published: January 2020

Os impactos ambientais numa bacia hidrográfica revestem-se de maior importância por afetarem um dos principais recursos naturais necessário à vida. Existem diversos fatores que podem alterar a quantidade e a qualidade da água das nascentes de uma bacia hidrográfica, compreendendo os fatores naturais e os que são resultantes da ação antrópica. A Microbacia do Rio Bitury está inserida na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Ipojuca, na Região Agreste do Estado de Pernambuco, no Município de Belo Jardim, em uma área de Brejos de Altitude, contendo inúmeras nascentes, fornecendo água para consumo humano, atividades agropecuárias e industriais, tendo importância relevante para a região. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar o impacto humano sobre a vegetação ciliar de 66 nascentes encontradas na microbacia. Foram testadas hipóteses referentes ao impacto que a população humana exerce sobre a qualidade da mata do entorno das nascentes avaliado por meio do Índice da Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada (NDVI). Foram localizadas 66 nascentes e definidas 50 áreas controle, que tiveram suas coordenadas geográficas definidas utilizando-se um aparelho de GPS (Garmim, Colorado 300). Foi usado o programa ArcGis 9.2 para criar áreas com um raio de 50 m, tanto nas áreas controle como nas nascentes, conforme a determinação do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente (CONAMA). As nascentes apresentaram valores de NDVI diferentes entre si e, em média (0,57 +/- 0,082), significativamente (F1/982 = 189,91; p <= 0,001) menores do que o NDVI médio das áreas controle (063 +/- 0,036; média +/- DP). Portanto, foi observado que o estado de conservação das nascentes é significativamente pior do que das áreas controle, mesmo que em alguns casos as nascentes possam apresentar certo grau de cobertura vegetal, indicando assim, um processo antrópico de degradação numa área de preservação permanente, com possíveis repercussões na disponibilidade e qualidade hídrica na região. A avaliação das interações dos recursos e das ações antrópicas, diagnosticando as condições das nascentes, se faz necessário para orientar as possíveis intervenções.
Gestão dos resíduos da construção civil no litoral do Estado do Paraná
Authors: Schmitz Samuel , Viana Ednilson
Published: January 2020

O objetivo do trabalho foi diagnosticar a geração e o manejo dos resíduos da construção civil (RCC) em dois municípios do litoral do Paraná. Além de pesquisa de literatura referente às características físico-territoriais e socioeconômicas, foram feitas entrevistas, mapeamentos, estimativa quantitativa e caracterização dos RCC através do monitoramento de empresas transportadoras. Os índices de geração obtidos foram de 327,4 kg.ano.hab-1, em Matinhos, e de 190,6 kg.ano.hab-1, em Pontal do Paraná, o que equivale a, respectivamente, 51,9% e 37,8% do total dos resíduos sólidos urbanos em cada município. A dinâmica de geração entre os dois municípios é diferenciada, apesar de semelhanças quanto à atividade turística. Além disso, o papel destes municípios tem se limitado apenas a ações corretivas pontuais, sem uma preocupação amplificada de gestão para estes resíduos no cenário econômico e ambiental em que se encontram. O cenário mostra que uma usina de reciclagem de RCC e de ecopontos no litoral do Paraná seria um passo importante para vencer as dificuldades de gestão destes resíduos em uma área isolada geograficamente de outras partes do Estado do Paraná.
Manejo agroecológico do solo em áreas sob o cultivo de hortículas no Município de Corrente, Piauí
Authors: Costa Tancio Gutier Ailan , Coelho Juliana Vogado , Batista Monyzia de Souza , Timóteo Maury Moreira , Lago Alessandra de Souza , Santos Rejane Barbosa , Silva Patrícia Lima da , Iwata Bruna de Freitas
Published: January 2020

O uso e o manejo agrícola do solo têm sido objetos de preocupação em escala mundial, haja vista que os níveis de degradação influenciam tanto na produção de alimentos quanto nas características ambientais desse recurso. Assim o emprego de técnicas não apropriadas de manejo do solo no uso agrícola leva a uma consequente perda de qualidade e consequentemente perda de produtividade. Desta forma, em consideração a busca pela estabilidade e sustentabilidade nos sistemas de produção agrícola, o presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar o manejo sustentável e a qualidade do solo sob a agricultura familiar no Município de Corrente-PI. A pesquisa foi realizada através de levantamento de campo, baseado em observações in loco e aplicação de questionários semiestruturado aos agricultores para caracterização e identificação do manejo adotado bem como coletas de solo na profundidade 0 a 20 cm composta de três repetições para avaliação da qualidade do solo de acordo com as análises de seus atributos. As amostras foram encaminhadas para o Instituto Federal do Piauí, Campus Corrente, onde foram determinados a umidade e a densidade do solo, por diferença de massa, e o teor de matéria orgânica, empregando o fator de correção de acordo com a metodologia indicada. Verificou-se que as áreas estudadas caracterizam-se como sendo áreas agrícolas de caráter agroecológico, uma vez que fazem uso de técnicas conservacionistas do solo, e que estas se mostram eficientes na manutenção da qualidade do solo, promovendo influência sobre seus atributos físicos e os teores de matéria orgânica do solo comparados aos atributos referência da mata nativa testemunha.
Prevalence, intensity and mean abundance of digenean parasites of the frog Fejervarya sp. (Anura: Dicroglossidae) of the South Western Ghats
Authors: Shinad Keloth , Prasadan Puthanpurayil Kandambeth
Published: January 2020

Four species of digenean parasites, Ganeo glottoides, Pleurogenoides cyanophlycti, Tremiorchis ranarum and Encyclometra colubrimurorum infecting the frog Fejervarya sp. (Anura: Dicroglossidae) of the Wayanad Region of the South Western Ghats are reported in this paper. Of the trematode parasites recovered, three, G. glottoides, P. cyanophlycti and T. ranarum, were adults and one, E. colubrimurorum, a metacercaria. Multiple infections were also recorded during the study. Prevalence of infection of G. glottoides, P. cyanophlycti, T. ranarum and E. coloubrimurorum were 1.27%, 0.84%, 0.84% and 0.84%, respectively, the intensity of infection 5, 1, 4.5 and 1.5 and the mean abundance 0.063, 0.008, 0.038 and 0.012, respectively. Mean abundance is a clear indication of the dispersion of parasites among hosts. The mean abundance, prevalence of infection and the intensity were at the maximum level in G. glottoides infection.
Devlet Adamı C. Abdrahmanov ve Günlüğünün Tarihi Kaynak Olarak Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ALTYMYSHOVA Zuhra , HASANAEVA Leila
Published: January 2020

Bilindiği gibi, Komünist ideolojinin hâkim olduğu Sovyet toplumunda serbest fikir ifade edebilmek yasaktı. Devlet tarafından sıkı bir biçimde uygulanan sansürden dolayı, tarih alanındaki bilimsel eserler de taraflı yansıtılıyordu. Bu sebeple, günümüzde Sovyet dönemi tarihinin kapsamlı bir şekilde araştırılmasında her türlü yazılı kaynağı incelemek önemlidir. Kırgızistan’da Sovyet rejimi kurulduktan sonra birçok üst düzey devlet görevlerinde bulunan Cusup (yada Yusup) Abdrahmanov aynı zamanda pek çok önemli eseri kaleme almıştır. C. Abdrahmanov 1916 İsyanı, 1917 Şubat ve Ekim İhtilalleri dönemi ve 1920 ve 1930’larda Sovyet Kırgızistan’ın siyasî, sosyoekonomik ve kültür tarihi ile ilgili konuları ele alan eserleri ile bilinmektedir. Bunlarla birlikte Cusup Abdrahmanov’un Rusça yazılmış olan ve gizli tuttuğu günlüğü mevcuttur. C. Abdrahmanov’un günlüğü o dönemde yeni kurulan Sovyet yönetiminin uygulamaları hakkında geniş bilgiler sunmaktadır. 1920-1930’larda C. Abdrahmanov devlet adamı olmasından dolayı kolhozlaştırma, sanayileşme, Kırgızların yerleşik hayata geçirilmesi, Sovyet Kültür Devrimi gibi sosyalist düzenlemelerin uygulama süreçlerine direk katılmıştır. Ve günlüğünde onlar hakkında kendi düşüncelerini serbestçe kâğıda dökmüş ve çoğu zaman Sovyet yönetiminin sosyalist faaliyetleri uygulama sürecinde halka yönelik zorlama yöntemlerini eleştirmiştir. Ayrıca, C. Abdrahmanov günlüğünde 1930’lu yılların başlarında Kazakistan’da ortaya çıkan olağanüstü açlık ve sebepleri, Kırgızistan’a sığınan Kazaklar hakkında da bilgileri ve bu konudaki düşüncelerini aktarmaktadır. Kırgız devlet adamı ve aydın C. Abdrahmanov Sovyet devletinin uyguladığı şiddetli 1937-1938 Repressiya döneminde hapsedilerek öldürülmüştür. Makalede C. Abdrahmanov’un hayatı ve faaliyetleri üzerinde durulacaktır, ayrıca C. Abdrahmanov tarafından kaleme alınan günlüğü de tahlil edilecektir. Konu, Sovyet arşiv belgeleri ve bilimsel eserlerin ışığında ele alınacaktır.
Defining the tariff burden when providing the housing and utilities services in Ukraine
Authors: Balatskyi Ievgen , Lavryk Volodymyr
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to studying the impact of different social and economic indicators on defining the population’s tariff burden for housing and utilities services. The article analyzes the housing and utilities services provision system in Ukraine. It is noted that the majority of such companies are communally owned. The effect of different factors on defining the population’s tariff burden was found. The impact was studied, and the need for considering the organizational, economically oriented, and social factors when defining the housing and utilities services tariffs was substantiated. The housing and utilities services tariff policy system, the procedure of the tariffs’ structure developing, which is formed from economically reasonable costs of service provider’s operating and financial activity (full target prime cost) and part of income, were studied. The financial relationships between the housing and utilities companies with budgets of different levels, first of all with local budgets, and state target funds; financial and credit institutions, and insurance companies, etc. were analyzed.
Design, Synthesis, and Anticancer Potential of the Enzyme (PARP-1) Inhibitor with Computational Studies of New Triazole, Thiazolidinone, - Thieno [2, 3-d] Pyrimidinones
Authors: Abu-Hashem Ameen Ali , Abu-Zied Khadiga Mohamed , AbdelSalam Zaki Magdi Elsayed , El-Shehry Mohamed Fathy , Awad Hanem Mohamed , Khedr Mohammed Abdou
Published: January 2020

Background:

Thienopyrimidine, triazole and thiazolidinone derivatives have recently
gained attention due to their effective pharmacological activities. They show antioxidant, antitumor,
antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.

Objective:

Synthesis of new ethyl 2-amino-4-isopropyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate (2) was
used as a starting material to produce 2-mercapto-methylthienopyrimidinone (3), (4) and 2-
hydrazinyl-methylthienopyrimidinone (5), through high yields and evaluating anticancer activities.

Method:

A series of novel Schiff's bases (6-9) were produced after treatment of (5) with aldehydes.
Triazolopyrimidinones (6a, 7a, 8a, 9a) were produced from cyclization of benzylidene (6-9) using
Br2 / AcOH or dry pyridine /Ac2O. Thiazolidinones (6b, 7b, 8b, 9b) were synthesized from
benzylidene (6-9) with mercaptoacetic acid.

Results:

All the compounds were synthesized in good yields (55-85%) in a regularly actual system
under mild condition. The new compounds have been established by means of diverse spectroscopic
ways as IR, NMR and MS. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their
antiproliferative activity against the breast MCF-7 carcinoma cell line. Compound (7) showed
promising anticancer activity with IC50 of 6.9 μM, and 40.8% of antioxidant effect as DPPH
inhibition. Molecular docking of (7) showed ΔG values of-20.54 kcal/ mol and -25.60 kcal/ mol.
Molecular dynamics simulation of (7) in complex with PARP-1 revealed RMSD of 3.00 Ǻ.

Conclusion:

The QSAR study confirmed the presence of a relationship between anticancer activity
and subdivided surface area descriptors with coefficient r2 = 0.98 with high predictive power.
Mutual Authentication using improved Chaotic Maps to remove packet dropping attack from MANETs
Authors: Atheeq C , Rabbani M. Munir Ahmed
Published: January 2020

Background:

MANET is self-organized wireless network with no infrastructure. Especially data transfer from one system to another system needs to be done in a secure way. In order to provide data integrity, authentication plays an important role in data communication. RSA, ECC are widely used algorithms in real world but authentication using these algorithms is time consuming. Towards this, various algorithms came into existence with different security primitives. However, it is important to study the key agreement process among these security mechanisms. We have studied the patents related to secure end to end communication in MANET.

Methods:

Therefore our aim is to design chaos based mutual authentication algorithm that takes less time than these existing algorithms and evaluate with respect to attack resiliency, Packet delivery fraction, delay, throughput and overhead.

Results::

Simulation results show the result of the proposed mechanism and gives better performance in terms of said parameters.

Conclusion:

Comparison of proposed system presents better results when compared to RSA, ECC in terms of key generation mechanism.
Coronal Restorations and Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Dysfunction: A Survey Among General Practitioners of the Town of Abidjan
Authors: Avoaka-Boni Marie C. , Kaboré Wendpoulomdé A. D. , Djolé Stéphane X , Kouadio Alain A.
Published: January 2020

Background:

The paper surveyed the knowledge of general practitioners to coronal restorations and temporomandibular dysfunction. The specific aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and therapeutic approaches of the general practitioners in terms of restoring occlusion, aesthetics and function after restorative treatments in other to make recommendations to prevent potential dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint.

Methodology:

A cross sectional descriptive survey was used. It was carried out on 86 dentists out of the entire population size of 152 dentists practicing within Abidjan’s center municipality, randomly selected from the database provided by the National College of Dental Surgeons of Ivory Coast. A structured questionnaire was administered to collect data, which was subsequently collated and analysed.

Results:

The majority of the practitioners (95.4%) knew how to diagnose TMJ dysfunction. The etiological factors were stress for 55.2% of the practitioners and amalgam overhang for 49.4% of them. The precautions used to avoid TMJ disorders consisted of good control of the occlusion after having performed a restoration (55%) and taking into account the occlusal morphology (32%) at the time of shaping. Fifty-four percent of the practitioners systematically reevaluated the restorations undertaken.

Conclusion:

Impairment of occlusion results in improper muscular responses and leads to changes in pressure at the level of the temporomandibular joint. This study revealed that the general practitioners of the town of Abidjan have a good level of knowledge of the consequences of poorly carried out restorations on the initiation of masticatory apparatus disorders.
In vitro Comparison of Apically Extruded Debris during Root Canal Retreatment with Rotary and Reciprocating Systems
Authors: Balseca María J. Burbano , Ayala Silvana B. Terán , da Costa Aznar Fábio D. , de Freitas-Aznar Adriana R. , Balseca Guillermo M. Aguirre , S. Freitas Karina M.
Published: January 2020

Introduction:

The extrusion of apical detritus during the retracting procedure is very important, as, besides eliminating materials of radicular obturation, aggressive agents and products such as the remains of dentin taken out, and microorganisms are generally located in tissue around the roots, producing undesired effects, such as inflammation, acute pain, post-operatory pain and delays in the periapical treatment.

Objective:

To determine the amount of apically extruded detritus using rotary and reciprocating retreatment systems.

Methodology:

An experimental comparative study as conducted in which 40 single-rooted human first premolars were analyzed. The instruments used were ProTaper Universal files up to F3 and sodium hypochlorite, and the sealing was made through the hybrid technique Tager. They were then kept at 37ºC and 100% of humidity for 15 days so that the sealing material would seal. For the retracting procedure, experimental tubes previously weighted were used. The sample was divided randomly into two groups of 20 pieces. Group A: ProTaper R, and group B: Reciproc. Then, the irrigating material (distilled water) was evaporated from the tubes for 12 hours in a stove at 105ºC, and the experimental tubes were weighted in an analytical precision weighing scale 10-5g. The data was analyzed through the T Student with a significance level of 5%.

Results:

Results indicated that groups A and B, retreatment with rotational ProTaper R and reciprocating retreatment system (Reciproc) showed a similar difference of initial and final weights, indicating similar apical extrusion of detritus.

Conclusion:

Both systems extruded a similar amount of detritus during the retreatment procedures.
Debonding Shear Strength of Orthodontic Tubes Bonded to Skeletal Anchorage Miniplates with Different Agents
Authors: Meirelles Lucas Da Silva , Haas Orion L. , Scolari Neimar , Pereira Mauricio , Favoretto Andre , de Oliveira Rogério
Published: January 2020

Introduction:

Most miniplates used for skeletal anchorage lack built-in orthodontic devices. To address this issue, orthodontists must use creative solutions, such as bonding buttons, brackets, or tubes directly to the miniplates, thus making them more versatile devices that provide a wider range of tooth movement possibilities. The purpose of the present study was to ascertain the debonding strength in Megapascals (MPa) of orthodontic accessories bonded to skeletal anchorage miniplates with different bonding agents.

Methods:

Forty specimens were divided into two equal groups by bonding agent: Group 1, resin (Transbond XT®, 3M ESPE); Group 2, cyanoacrylate (Scotchbond®, 3M ESPE). Shear strength testing was performed in an EMIC DL-2000 universal testing machine.

Results:

The results obtained were 2.28 ± 0.44 MPa for Group 1 and 4.90 ± 0.76 MPa for Group 2. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of data distribution. Student's t-test was used to compare means in the response variable.

Conclusion:

A statistically significant difference was observed between groups. However, both bonding agents provided strength in excess of that needed for secure orthodontic tooth movement.
Treatment Outcomes of Tuberculosis Retreatment Case and Its Determinants in West Ethiopia
Authors: Dedefo Mohammed Gebre , Sirata Meti Teressa , Ejeta Balisa Mosisa , Wakjira Getu Bayisa , Fekadu Ginenus , Labata Busha Gamachu
Published: January 2020

Background:

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern in the developing world. World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) list of 30 high TB burden countries accounted for 87% of the world’s cases. The annual infection rate in developing countries reached 2% or more; where as in developed countries this figure is 0.5%.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to assess treatment outcomes of tuberculosis retreatment case and its determinants at Nekemte Referral Hospital (NRH), West Ethiopia.

Methods:

A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. All registered adult TB patients under retreatment regimen who were treated at NRH TB clinics from January 2014 to December 2017 were included in this study. A multiple logistic regression was used to assess the significance and strength of association. A P-value <0.05 was used as statistically significant.

Results:

The prevalence of retreatment case was 12.12%. Of 219 study participants 159(72.6%) were patients with relapse, 43(19.6%) were with retreatment after failure and 17(7.8%) were patients who return after loss to follow-up. On multivariable logistic analysis poor treatment outcome was more likely to occur among patients with positive Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) result at 5th month (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR =4.3, 95%, (1.8-10.0) p=0.001) and patients taking category 1 (2ERHZ/4RH) drugs (AOR=2.1, 95% CI= (1.1-4.5) p=0.048).

Conclusion:

This study showed that treatment outcomes of TB retreatment case were below standard set by the WHO. Factors that were significantly associated with poor treatment outcome were positive AFB resulting at 5th month and patients on category 1(2ERHZ/4RH).
Extended Routine Follow-up of Primary Uncomplicated Hip and Knee Arthroplasty is not Necessary
Authors: Wartemberg Georgina Kakra , Goff Thomas , Jones Simon , Newman James
Published: January 2020

Aims:

To create a more effective system to identify patients in need of revision surgery.

Background:

There are over 160,000 total hip and knee replacements performed per year in England and Wales. Currently, most trusts review patients for up to 10 years or more.
When we consider the cost of prolonged reviews, we cannot justify the expenditure within a limited budget.

Study Design & Methods:

We reviewed all patients' notes that underwent primary hip and knee revision surgery at our institution, noting age, gender, symptoms at presentation, referral source, details of the surgery, reason for revision and follow up history from primary surgery.

Results:

There were 145 revision arthroplasties (60 THR and 85 TKR) that met our inclusion criteria. Within the hip arthroplasty group, indications for revision included aseptic loosening (37), dislocation (10), and infection (3), periprosthetic fracture, acetabular liner wear and implant failure.
All thirty-seven patients with aseptic loosening presented with pain. Twenty-five were referred from general practice with new symptoms. The remaining were clinic follow-ups.
The most common reason for knee revision was aseptic loosening (37), followed by infection (21) and then progressive osteoarthritis (8). Most were referred from GP as a new referral or were clinic follow-ups. All patients were symptomatic.

Conclusion:

All the patients that underwent revision arthroplasty were symptomatic. Rather than yearly follow up, we recommend a cost-effective system.
We are implementing a 'non face-to-face' system. Patients would be directly sent a questionnaire and x-ray form. The radiographs and forms will be reviewed by an experienced arthroplasty surgeon. The concerning cases will be seen urgently in a face-to-face clinic.
Estimation of Infectious Medical Waste Quantities on a Per-patient Basis: An Observational Study at a Hospital
Authors: Ikeda Yukihiro
Published: January 2020

Introduction:

Infectious medical waste management in hospitals is very important. The potential impacts of infectious medical waste discharged from hospitals on populations and society are considered greater than those of general industrial waste. Therefore, the estimation of infectious medical waste discharged from healthcare facilities should be accurate. The present study reports the quantity of infectious medical waste discharged per ward per day per inpatient by weight.

Methods:

In medical wards, the digestive surgery ward discharged the most infectious medical waste. In addition, the digestive surgery ward had the highest quantity of infectious medical waste per day per inpatient. Infectious medical waste quantity estimates based on beds were lower than those based on inpatients, with minimum and maximum underestimates of 6% and 21%, respectively.

Results & Discussion:

Infectious medical waste discharged per patient per day was low in the outpatient department. The operating room and the emergency department discharged 10-fold more infectious medical waste than the wards. The operating room, the emergency department, and the clinical inspection department accounted for 60% of infectious medical waste discharged from hospitals.

Conclusion:

Notably, there are considerable differences among departments when evaluating hospital waste, particularly in hospitals with surgery and critical care departments, which is different in the case of evaluations based on bed counts.
Clinical Aspects of Atopic Dermatitis of Children in Brazzaville, Congo.
Authors: Bayonne-Kombo Edith Sophie , Loubove Hébert , Voumbo Mavoungou Yannichka Gloria , Gathsé Alphonse
Published: January 2020

Background:

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis for which racial specificities have been reported.

Objective:

To describe the clinical aspects of atopic dermatitis on children.

Methods:

Descriptive cross-sectional study in one public hospital and one private hospital in Brazzaville, Congo, for three years. Children under the age of 16, consulted for atopic dermatitis were included. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Atopic dermatitis was defined according to the criteria of the United Kingdom Working Party and its severity appreciated by SCORAD. The data was processed by EpiInfo 7® software.

Results:

Seventy-five children were included. They were 49 girls (65.33%) and 26 boys (34.67%), mean age 4.3 years [9 months-12 years]. Personal atopic history was found in 46.67% of cases and family atopic history in 61.33% of cases. Initial symptoms of atopic dermatitis had occurred before 2 years of age for 65 children (86.67%). The average consultation time was 33.4 months. In infancy, erythematous vesicular or oozing plaques were observed in 68.18% of cases and scaly erythematous plaques on folds in 50% of cases. In childhood, scaly erythematous plaques were observed in 84.90% of cases and lichenified eczema in 10.67% of cases. Xerosis was noted in 89.33% of all cases. Secondary infection was seen in 33.33% of cases. Twenty-five cases (33.33%) were severe.

Conclusion:

This study reveals a delayed diagnosis of atopic dermatitis, unusual clinical features and the importance of secondary infection. Information for families and clinicians should be considered to improve the earliness of the diagnosis.
Nursing Communication as a Tool for Patient Satisfaction. A Single Hospital Survey
Authors: Barilaro Anna , Conidi Arianna , Ligarò Sabrina , Licata Francesca , Marinaro Maria Anna , Ventura Saverio , Varano Anna , Zangari Iolanda , Pagliuso Caterina , Pagnotta Raffaele , Garieri Pietro , Papaleo Anna , Grande Laura , Manduci Elena , Napolitano Daniele , Aida Bianco , De Filippo Caterina , Spagnuolo Rocco
Published: January 2020

Background:

Communication is an essential tool for health promotion. Effective healthcare communication has great therapeutic value.

Objective:

The aim of the study is to assess the degree of patient satisfaction related to nursing communication in the various stages of hospital stay.

Methods:

Patients admitted to General University Hospital in medical and surgical department were subjected to this survey using a questionnaire, structured in four sections (acceptance, hospital stay, discharge, pain and new drugs management). Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression models were used to test the association between the outcome of interest defined as the satisfaction of nursing communication and the independent variables.

Results:

One thousand three hundred seventy questionnaires were administered. In acceptance, among patients satisfied with nursing skills related to explaining the department's functioning, most were satisfied with nursing communication (972 vs 87 p <0.005). Also during the hospital stay, among patients satisfied with nursing Skills and Manner relating to communication most were significantly satisfied with the nursing communication (849 vs 74 p <0.005 and 987 vs 55 p <0.001). At the discharge, the number of patients satisfied with nursing communication was greater among patients who considered the length of hospital stay adequate (1020 vs 65 p <0.001). Data are confirmed by the multiple logistic regression analysis.

Conclusion:

Our study shows how nursing communication is the key to establishing a good therapeutic care relationship and how it can be associated with patient satisfaction in various phases of hospital stay.
Public Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Antibiotics Use and Resistance in Baghdad, Iraq: A Survey Conducted in Outpatient Department of University Teaching Hospital
Authors: Al-Yasseri Berq J. Hadi , Hussain Nibras A.
Published: January 2020

Introduction:

Improper antibiotics utilization permits the emergence of resistant organisms. The World Health Organization has highlighted the role of people in preventing and controlling antibiotics resistance.

Objectives:

To investigate public knowledge and attitude towards antibiotics use and resistance in Baghdad, Iraq; and to identify deficiencies in these areas that need to be addressed.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study with an analytic element involving 500 participants attending outpatient department of university teaching hospital in Baghdad during the period of February through May, 2017. A questionnaire-form paper was used for data collection, including questions about sociodemographic characteristics; sources of information about antibiotics; knowledge about antibiotics indications, resistance, and side effects; and attitudes towards antibiotics self-medication.

Results:

People who knew antibiotics have no role in managing viral infection, coughs/colds, and pain/inflammation represented 42.4%, 20.0%, and 44.6% of study sample; respectively. Low proportions of participants realized the necessity to complete antibiotics course, 38.2%. Concerning attitude; those who were against keeping leftover antibiotics in home, taking antibiotics for cold/flu, and taking them for fever without consulting doctor were 37.2%, 42.2% and 46.4%; respectively. Higher education showed significant association with good knowledge (p<0.001) and appropriate attitude (p<0.001). The presence of family member with medical profession exhibited significant association with higher knowledge (p=0.011). Better knowledge was a predictor of better attitude (p<0.001).

Conclusion:

Public awareness about antibiotic resistance remains largely unrecognized in Baghdad. Many participants did not have sufficient knowledge about indications for antibiotics use and consequences of their over/misuse. Inappropriate attitude towards antibiotic self-medication was also identified largely in this study.
Determining Predictors of Depression and Anxiety for Prevention of Common Mental Illness among Staff of an Academic Institution in Malaysia
Authors: Razali Salmi , Yung-An Chua , Mat Nazali Mohd Izwan , M Nawawi Hapizah
Published: January 2020

Information on depression, anxiety and predictors for these mental illnesses among the staff of the academic institution is sparse. Hence, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of these mental illnesses and investigate possible predictors. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21-item and pro forma questionnaires were used to assess the presence of depression, anxiety, sociodemographic, personal and job-related factors. Of 278 participants, 27.7% had depression, and 26.7% had anxiety. Predictors for depression include inadequate workplace facilities, low-tier job category, working in urban campus and low income. Predictors for clinical anxiety were high workplace responsibility and low-tier job category.
ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY AT THE ADDRESS WITH WASTE OF CONSTRUCTION AND DISMANTLING OF BUILDINGS
Authors: Bashevaya Tatyana
Published: January 2020

In the article the estimation of ecological safety of schemes of handling was executed building wastes that are used presently. А comparative analysis is conducted with the perspective methods of handling wastes (recycling, incineration). Basic indicatos are set for the estimation of ecological safety of construction. The quantitative values of environmental indicators for each of the ways of waste management have been deter-mined. Results show that in terms of the Global Warming Potential, the most environmentally friendly treat-ment was recycling, followed by incineration and lastly landfilling.
ESTIMATION OF RECREATIONAL LOAD OF ORYOL CITY URBAN PARK «KUL'TURY I OTDYKHA»
Authors: Slepnev Mikhail , Filyakova Evgeniya
Published: January 2020

The article considers the impact of recreational load on the natural-anthropogenic region — Central park «Kul'tury I Otdykha» in the city of Oryol. To ensure the sustainable development of natural areas, the ability of components of the environment to heal itself in the conditions of anthropogenic impact is of particu-lar importance. Most of the anthropogenic load in a large city is the recreational load, which significantly affects the natural frame of urban areas. Recreational load causes a significant degradation of the natural complex of the city, and its value is determined by the planning structure of urban development, which deter-mines the distribution of population density and transport accessibility of recreation facilities. Calculated data revealed the recreational load from the planning structure of the residential area located within walking distance from the coastal recreational zone. Ensuring the safety of urban parks, it is necessary to work with complete and reliable information that can only be obtained through regular monitoring studies. The spatial organization of coastal recreational zones should meet the objectives of maintaining and improving the eco-logical balance of recreational areas, as well as the formation of a comfortable architectural and planning structure of recreational zones and the selection of the most significant recreational formations based on the ecological and recreational capabilities of natural areas and the needs of the population. In this regard, it is necessary to develop functional zoning of natural-anthropogenic regions to regulate the level of recreational impact, and ensure the sustainability of ecological systems of the city. To monitor the level of anthropogenic impacts, the definition is used — the ecological capacity, which is determined by the limiting values of an-thropogenic loads determined on the basis of field observations.
WASTE RECYCLING ENERGY AND NON-FERROUS METALS IN THE PRODUCTION OF CERAMIC BRICKS CONTRIBUTES TO THE ECOLOGICAL SAFETY OF THE BIOSPHERE
Authors: Abdrakhimov
Published: January 2020

Environmental security is currently one of the main components of the national security of the Russian Federation and includes not only control over the state of the environment, but also the implementation of measures to prevent the occurrence of environmental crises and disasters. The reduction of reserves of tradi-tional natural raw materials makes us look for new ways to replace it with different types of waste. The expe-rience of advanced foreign countries has shown the technical feasibility of this area and the use of more as a tool to protect the environment from pollution. However, almost all basic building materials can be made from waste or from waste in combination with natural raw materials. Due to the involvement of multi-tonnage waste in the production of ceramic materials of mass consumption, which include ceramic bricks, it is possi-ble to radically change the parameters of the raw material base of Russia, which also helps to reduce envi-ronmental tensions in the regions. Production of ceramic bricks  one of the most material-intensive sectors of the economy, so the rational use of fuel, raw materials and other material resources is a decisive factor in its successful development in the context of economic reform. In this regard, the use of waste in ceramic mate-rials is of particular relevance.
On the basis of beidellite clay, waste: energy ─ ash and slag material and non-ferrous metallurgy ─ sludge Nickel-skeletal catalyst obtained ceramic brick with high physical and mechanical properties. Innova-tive proposals for the use of waste from the production of mineral wool in the production of wall materials – ceramic bricks based on fusible clay, the novelty of which is confirmed by a patent of the Russian Federation.
DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH METHODS OF URBAN SOIL TEMPERATURE DYNAMICS
Authors: Pilipenko Olga , Abramov Anton , Skobeleva Elena , Pchelenok Olga
Published: January 2020

The article shows that the temperature of urban soils is one of the main indicators of their condition. The average value and the nature of the temperature distribution in the soil volume determine the processes of heat transfer between the soil and the air in the urbanized area. This ultimately characterizes the influence of urban soils on the processes of climate formation in urban areas.
The analysis of modern methods for studying the temperature dynamics of urban soils is carried out. It was found that research is rational to carry out by combining theoretical and experimental methods. The dis-tribution of temperature fields and heat flux density fields in urban soils under various conditions is deter-mined by mathematical, in particular, numerical methods. Coefficients of thermophysical properties of the soil, as well as verification of some calculated results, are carried out by experimental methods. An analysis of existing experimental research methods revealed a key drawback: a small number of points for simultane-ous temperature measurement in the urban soils volume. A scheme is proposed, as well as a prototype of a means of automated control of the distribution of the temperature field, which allows us to study the tempera-ture dynamics at various depths of the soil profile.
To test the means of automated control, comparative studies of the dynamics of the temperature field in the volume of urban soil represented by gray forest soil were carried out. An experimental temperature dis-tribution was obtained over several days; a statistical verification of the results was carried out. Theoretical calculations of the dynamics of the temperature field by the numerical model J.A. Infante Sedano It is estab-lished that the discrepancies between the theoretically predicted and the experimentally estimated tempera-ture field are insignificant, which allows us to use the developed tool for automated control of the tempera-ture field distribution in the soil to assess its actual state when solving numerous fundamental and applied problems.
THE ROLE OF THE FUTUROLOGICAL CONCEPTS OF THE XX CENTURY IN THE SPATIAL ORGANIZATION OF MODULAR ARCHITECTURAL OBJECTS IN THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Kizilova Svetlana
Published: January 2020

The aim of the research is identifying the role of the futurological theories of the XX century in the mod-ern design of modular structures in the water environment. The leading research approach is based on the analysis of the principles of habitat organization from the point of view of the main visionary concepts of the XX century, which developed the idea of life on the water in the future, such as: architectural "metabolism", "mobile" architecture, arсology, architectural biomimetics and bionics. The approaches outlined in the framework of the futurological concepts of the last century include modularity, interchangeability of struc-tural elements, adaptation to changes in climatic conditions, application of the principles of growth and ag-gregation in natural systems to the architecture.
The revealed approaches have been elaborated in the contemporary architectural concepts devoted to the development of the extreme water environment. Based on the analysis of implemented and conceptual pro-jects of the floating structures on the water, the types of spatial organization of modules are identified: line-ar, continuous, multiple, arbitrary, centralized. A graphical diagram illustrating the mechanism of aggrega-tion of modules for each type is made. These typologies can be applied in further design and experimental developments and theoretical studies in the field of biosphere-compatible architecture in the context of the aquatic environment.
FORMATION METHODOLOGY OF MULTIMODAL PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM OF MOSCOW AGGLOMERATION, USING GRAPH THEORY
Authors: Vlasov Denis , Rasov Vladislav
Published: January 2020

The article considers the prerequisites for the creation of a unified transport infrastructure in Moscow and the Moscow region. High-speed passenger transport is proposed as the basis of such a system, its ad-vantages are considered. The environmental aspects that must be taken into account are defined. The role of transport hubs in transit-oriented development of the agglomeration territory is revealed. The analysis of documents of territorial planning, domestic and foreign scientific experience for determination of the most perspective direction of research on this problem is carried out. The necessary elements of graph theory for the study are considered. The methodology of the study is determined. Analogies are drawn between urban planning terminology and definitions used in graph theory. The boundaries of the studied territory are de-termined. The analysis of urban-planning documentation on the basis of which transport and planning char-acteristics of communities are revealed is carried out.
Conclusions are drawn about the prospects for further research in this direction, as well as about the environmental aspect in the development of transport infrastructure in the Moscow region.
ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE MICROCLIMATE IN RESIDENTIAL AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS
Authors: Volkova Nadezhda , Tseshkovskaya Elena
Published: January 2020

The quality of the indoor environment depends on the comfort and safety of people living inside. Scien-tists are working to overcome the negative impact of the environment on the population in the cities. Never-theless, the existing residential areas of the country often do not meet today’s environmental hygienic re-quirements. When choosing building constructive solutions and microclimate support systems for buildings, it is necessary to take into account the factors leading to the entry of harmful substances that pose a real threat to the health and life of people. Intensive use in residential construction of new polymer materials and other impacts on the internal environment of buildings can lead to a decrease in the quality of the internal envi-ronment of the buildings. It is crucial to take into consideration these factors when choosing building solu-tions and creating comfort with engineering systems providing the microclimate of buildings.
CHARACTERISTIC OF PASSENGER SHELTERS AS OBJECTS OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT AND RECOMMENDATION FOR EXPANSION OF THEIR PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS
Authors: Asminin Viktor , Pavlova Ulyana
Published: January 2020

Passenger shelter constructions perform some functions such as traffic safety, creation of comfortable conditions of public transport expectation and the general visual impression of city road & street. Passenger shelter constructions are urban environment protection against acoustic pollution in the city local territory not far from bus stop. In addition, passenger shelter constructions have informative functions for person ad-aptation in the urban environment.
The analysis of passenger shelters functions and the recommendation for their design with noise protec-tive function of the urban environment is submitted in work. Natural researches of the acoustic pollution of the urban environment created by a motor transportation in bus stop places and not far from them are con-ducted.
Mass Media and International Relations
Authors: Papadopoulus Elias
Published: January 2020

In the modern theories in the science of International Relations, the traditional pillar of the school of Realism that considered the state as the only actor in the international scene, actor who took every decision in a monolithic and rational way, taking into consideration only the national interest, has now been rejected. The metaphor of the "black box", indicative of this monolithic way of operation and the rejection of every non-state, but also intra-state and out-of-state actor, even if it was valid once, has definitely been weakened by the events of the post-cold war era, and especially with the advent of globalization. New parameters have been inserted in the process of foreign policy formulation and politicians (and all those responsible for a country‘s foreign policy) have to take them into consideration.
Anticholinergic Toxicity Associated with Lupine Seeds Ingestion—A Case Report
Authors: Al-Abdouh, MD Ahmad , Alrawashdeh, MD Hamzeh Mohammad , Khalaf, MD Ahmad , Alnawaiseh Ibrahim
Published: January 2020

Lupine, a member of the legume family, is also known as lupines in the USA and as Turmus in the Middle East. Lupine seeds are consumed as an appetizer and in herbal therapy for diabetes mellitus in the Middle East. Quinolizidine alkaloids are found in various plants belonging to the Lupinus genus although the nature and level of these alkaloids are highly variable between species; these compounds are known to cause anticholinergic symptoms. We present a case for a 40-year old woman who presented with blurry vision, nausea, abdominal pain, dizziness, disorientation, and severe mouth dryness for one hour prior to presentation.  She ate partially debittered lupine seeds about an hour prior to her complaints. On physical exam, she was found to have sinus tachycardia, bilateral fixed dilated pupils and facial flushing. Lab tests and brain imaging were unremarkable, and the lupine seeds ingestion was presumed to be the cause of her complaints. She was admitted for observation for 24 hours and her symptoms resolved spontaneously.
Effect of Extended Hanging Time on the Microbial Quality of Pork Carcasses and Blade Steaks
Authors: Najar-Villarreal Francisco , Boyle Elizabeth A. E. , Houser Terry , Phebus Randall , Vahl Christopher I. , Gonzalez John , O'Quinn Travis , Wolf John , Vega Daniel
Published: January 2020

To evaluate the effect of extended post-harvest hanging time on pork carcass sides (n = 20), aerobic plate count (APC), Enterobacteriaceae, yeast and mold populations, pH, and moisture content were determined. Pork carcasses were sampled on d 1, 7, 14, and 21 to determine their microbial quality from the lean tissue of 3 anatomical locations, the flank, shoulder, and jowl. After the 21-d extended hanging time, pork shoulder butts (n = 17) (Institutional Meat Purchase Specifications #406; USDA Agricultural Marketing Service, 2014) were fabricated from these carcasses into 2.54-cm pork blade steaks. Pork blade steaks were vacuum packaged, stored up to 35 d at 0°C ± 1°C, and evaluated for APC, Enterobacteriaceae, yeast and mold populations, and pH on d 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35. Pork carcass surface moisture content declined (P < 0.01) from 65.1% on d 1 to 50.5% on d 21. The carcass pH was similar (P > 0.42) at 5.88 on d 1, 7, and 14; however, the pH declined (P < 0.05) to 5.72 at d 21. Pork carcass APC populations remained relatively low during the extended hanging time; however, the jowl had the highest (P < 0.05) APC populations among all anatomical locations. In addition, the proportion of yeast populations above the detection limit for the jowl was found to be greatest (P < 0.05) compared to the flank and the shoulder. Pork blade steak APC population was 5.06 log colony-forming units/g (CFU/g) on d 35; however, these counts were below 108 log CFU/g, which is when meat is considered spoiled. There was a day effect for Enterobacteriaceae and mold populations (P < 0.05). These results indicate that pork carcasses and vacuum-packaged steaks fabricated from pork carcasses have acceptable microbial quality when they undergo an extended hanging time.
Failure analysis of stainless steel lanyard wire rope
Authors: Rao A. Sambasiva , Singh A. K.
Published: January 2020

Present work describes the failure analysis of AISI 304 stainless steel consisting of 7x19 construction lanyard wire rope which has failed during service. The microstructures and properties of failed wire rope have been investigated and compared with unused wire rope. Both the periphery and fracture surface of the wire rope display the presence of corrosion debris enriched with O and Cl. The fracture surfaces of the failed and unused wire ropes display intergranular and dimples, respectively. The lanyard wire rope has been exposed in corrosive atmosphere and failed in intergranular mode due to enrichment of O and Cl along the grain boundaries.