bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crimean Tatar Ornament in Modern Art and Design
Authors: Vezhbovska Liliana
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the research is to identify the functioning features of Ornek, a traditional Crimean Tatar ornament in modern culture, art and design. The research methodology is based on the application of art history, comparative and semiotic analysis. The novelty of the research is to identify the functioning of the Crimean Tatar ornament in modern times, to determine special symbolic and graphic structures in the visual system Ornek, which allow not only to develop in modern Crimean culture but also show the high communicative ability to establish a cross-cultural dialogue. Conclusions. The study of Crimean Tatar ornament in modern art and design testifies to its high ability to adapt to new conditions, which allows us to talk about the flexibility of its visual system. In modern art and design projects, it appears as a phenomenon that can abstract from archaic forms and organically combine not only with the latest materials and techniques but also to create unity with the phenomena of other national cultures.
Analysis of the stressed-strained state of the foundation-shell at interaction with the elastic-plastic medium
Authors: Vabishchevich Maksym , Zatyliuk Gherman
Published: July 2021

On the basis of modern numerical implementations of the finite element method the article presents the justification of the adequacy of the method of solving the problems of structures straining in their contact interaction with the elastic-plastic nonlinear soil medium.
Compatible calculations of structures and nonlinear bases, which are described by modern mechanical and soil models within one problem is a significant technical problem.
The solution of the assigned tasks is possible only within the framework of numerical methods, the most common of which is the finite element method (FEM). The construction of the computational finite element model raises many complex questions that require additional detailed study. In addition, the compliance with the state building norms and regulations is an important factor for further practical use.
The use of numerical methods in the calculation of machines and structures, taking into account their interaction with the elastic-plastic medium is largely determined by the complexity or even impossibility of analytical calculation due to the complexity of structural schemes, heterogeneity of material features, uneven soil layers, implementation of step-by-step work execution technologies and so on.
The combination of the latest achievements in the field of structural mechanics and soil mechanics is a promising direction for the development of effective approaches to building discrete models of space systems “structure-nonlinear base” for solving applied problems.
The use of the developed method allows to significantly specify the structures stress state interacting with the soil base, and to significantly specify the impact on the calculated level of the base bearing capacity. Only the simultaneous consideration of the nonlinear resistance of the soil base together with the plasticity and the structure destruction in the numerical simulation of the foundation-shell load provided good agreement with the natural experiment data as to the type of the boundary state and the bearing capacity level.
Determination of crack resistance of a tank with elliptical crack
Authors: Pyskunov Serhii , Shkryl Oleksii , Maksymiuk Yurii
Published: July 2021

The occurrence of crack-like defects is a common phenomenon in the operation of vertical steel tanks (VST). Such defects can occur both at the beginning of the operation of the tanks, which may be associated with a violation of the manufacture conditions or the installation procedures of the tank elements and during operation. Over time, such defects increase significantly and turn into cracks. Existing regulations prohibit the operation of VST with cracks. At the same time, the organization that operates the tank does not always have the opportunity to perform repairs immediately. There are cases of trouble-free operation of tanks with non-through surface cracks at the stage of sustainable growth, which are confirmed by model calculations are known from practical experience. The analysis of crack resistance of the VST-5000 tank with a semi-elliptical crack under the action of hydrostatic pressure is carried out in the work. The level of filling the tank with petroleum products is 95% of its height. The semi-elliptical crack is located on outside surface of the wall panel in lower row of cladding. Determination of crack resistance of a tank with a crack is performed on the basis of stress intensity factors (SIF). Direct and energy methods were used to SIF calculation. Determination of the stress-strain state is performed on the basis of the semi-analytical finite element method (SFEM). The SIF distribution along the crack front obtained using SFEM by both direct and energy methods almost coincides and agrees well with the values of SIF calculated by the direct method when using three-dimensional FEM. The obtained values of SIF differ along the crack front by 50%:  the minimum value of SIF acquires at the point of the front, which is located on the outer surface of the tank, the maximum one - at the point of the front inside the wall that is furthest from the outer surface. The obtained results show the quite uneven SIF distribution along the crack front, so that the calculation of such problems requires the spatial setting of problem.
Impact of cranks displacement angle on the motion non-uniformity of roller forming unit with energy-balanced drive
Authors: Loveikin Viacheslav , Pochka Kostiantyn , Prystailo Mykola , Balaka Maksym , Pochka Olha
Published: July 2021

The impact of the cranks displacement angle on the motion non-uniformity is determined for three forming trolleys of a roller forming unit with an energy-balanced drive mechanism. At the same time, the specified unit is presented by a dynamic model with one freedom degree, where the extended coordinate is taken as the angular coordinate of the crank rotation. For such a model, a differential equation of motion is written, for solved which a numerical method was used. The inertia reduced moment of the whole unit, and the resistance forces moment, reduced to the crank rotation axis, to move of forming trolleys during the formation of products from building mixtures are determined, and also the nominal rated power of the electric motor was calculated, when solved a differential equation of motion. According to these data, asynchronous electric motor with a short-circuited rotor was chosen, for which a mechanical characteristic is constructed by the Kloss formula. Having solved the differential equation of motion with all defined characteristics, we obtain the change function of the crank angular velocity from start-up moment and during steady motion mode. After that, we calculated the time corresponding to the angular velocity value, and obtained the change function of the crank angular acceleration from start-up moment and during steady motion mode. The motion non-uniformity of the roller forming unit has been determined by the motion non-uniformity factor, the motion dynamism factor and the extended factor of motion assessment during steady motion mode. The impact of drive cranks displacement angle on the motion non-uniformity has been traced, as a result, the specified factors have the minimum values at cranks displacement on the angle Δφ=60°. The results may in the future are used to refine and improve the existing engineering methods for estimating the drive mechanisms of roller forming machines, both at design stages and in practical use.
Transient Chaos in Platform-vibrator with Shock
Authors: Bazhenov Viktor , Pogorelova Olha , Postnikova Tetiana
Published: July 2021

Platform-vibrator with shock is widely used in the construction industry for compacting and molding large concrete products. Its mathematical model, created in our previous work, meets all the basic requirements of shock-vibration technology for the precast concrete production on low-frequency resonant platform-vibrators. This model corresponds to the two-body 2-DOF vibro-impact system with a soft impact. It is strongly nonlinear non-smooth discontinuous system. This is unusual vibro-impact system due to its specific properties. The upper body, with a very large mass, breaks away from the lower body a very short distance, and then falls down onto the soft constraint that causes a soft impact. Then it bounces and falls again, and so on. A soft impact is simulated with nonlinear Hertzian contact force. This model exhibited many unique phenomena inherent in nonlinear non-smooth dynamical systems with varying control parameters. In this paper, we demonstrate the transient chaos in a vibro-impact system. Our finding of transient chaos in platform-vibrator with shock, besides being a remarkable phenomenon by itself, provides an understanding of the dynamical processes that occur in the platform-vibrator when varying the technological mass of the mold with concrete. Phase trajectories, Poincaré maps, graphs of time series and contact forces, Fourier spectra, the largest Lyapunov exponent, and wavelet characteristics are used in numerical investigations to determine the chaotic and periodic phases of the realization. We show both the dependence of the transient chaos on the control parameter value and the sensitive dependence on the initial conditions. We hope that this analysis can help avoid undesirable platform-vibrator behaviour during design and operation due to inappropriate system parameters, since transient chaos may be a dangerous and unwanted state of a vibro-impact system.
Optimization of rotate mode at constant change of departure in the level-luffing crane with geared sector
Authors: Loveykin Vyacheslav , Palamarchuk Dmytro , Romasevich Yuriy , Loveykin Andriy
Published: July 2021

The results of optimization of the rotation mode of the level-luffing boom system of the crane at the launch site, with the steady-state mode of departure change. The object of the study is a boom system with a sector drive of the mechanism of change of departure. The mechanism of rotation consists of an electric motor, a planetary mechanism and an open gear. Variation calculus methods were used to optimize the mode of rotation of the boom system. In this case, a variational problem is formed, which includes the equation of motion of the boom system when turning and changing the departure, the optimization criterion and boundary conditions of motion. The optimization criterion has the form of an integral functional that reflects the root mean square value of the driving torque of the drive mechanism of rotation during start-up. The study was carried out at the starting point of the electric motor of the turning mechanism from the state of rest to reach the nominal speed and at a steady speed of rotation of the electric motor of the mechanism of change of departure. The solution of the problem is presented in the form of a polynomial with two terms, the first of which provides boundary conditions of motion, and the second minimizes the criterion of optimization through unknown coefficients. To do this, use a software package. Graphs of change of kinematic characteristics of cargo and boom system at work of mechanisms of turn and change of departure, and also the driving moment in the course of start of the mechanism of turn which correspond to an optimum mode of movement are constructed. The resulting mode of movement allowed to eliminate the oscillations of the load on the suspension. Based on research, recommendations for the use of the obtained optimal start-up mode have been developed.
Stress concentration in the vicinity of road сoating cracks
Authors: Gaidaichuk Viktor , Shevchuk Liudmyla , Bilobrytska Olena , Baran Serhii
Published: July 2021

The article presents the results of a computer analysis of the stress-strain state of a multilayer asphalt pavement under the influence of traffic loads. Based on the finite-element model of coating deformation, a study was made of the mechanical behavior of the system considered for various structural schemes for the existence of vertical cracks in various layers of the structure under the action of vertical transport loads. The effects of stress concentration in the system due to high-gradient deformation fields and structural imperfections of the multilayer coating were found.
Multi-layer asphalt roads are one of the most common construction projects. Based on a review of the tasks of science about their strength and durability, these structures can be attributed to significantly complex types of building systems. This is primarily due to the multi-parameter nature of the factors that determine their design, material properties, types of loads and the impact on them, as well as their operating conditions. Therefore, designers of road structures and specialists who are involved in the theoretical modeling of the mechanical behavior of layered massifs during operation have to take into account many additional factors that complicate their work. These include the most important design and operational features of these systems, which significantly affect the nature of the distribution of stress and strain fields, as well as their intensity. First of all, they include special structural schemes of the road and pavement. It is a multilayer three-dimensional package having disproportionately different sizes along each direction.
Hidden (as well as obvious) vertical cracks and horizontal delamination of the structure, sometimes permissible under operating conditions, can be added to the design model of a structure. Such violations of the continuity of the system also lead to discontinuity of the displacement functions, which further worsens the system’s performance and complicates the task of its modeling.
The materials of the coating layers, which include asphalt concrete, cement, crushed stone, sand, soil, and others, also bring particular specificity to the work of the road structure. All of them differently resist tensile, compression and shear, and asphalt concrete is also elastic-viscous - plastic material, whose properties are largely dependent on temperature.
ENCONTROS DIALÓGICOS SOBRE DROGAS NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Romanini Moises , Luís da Silva Gerson , Nunes Pedroso Deise , Cibele da Rocha da Silva Julia , Severgnini Benck da Silva Eduarda , Da Fontoura Winter Gabrielly
Published: July 2021

O Projeto de Extensão “Encontros Dialógicos sobre Drogas, Saúde e Educação na comunidade de Montenegro/RS” se constituiu a partir de um movimento de aproximação do Departamento de Psicologia da UNISC com a Prefeitura Municipal de Montenegro. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar e problematizar as ações referentes ao tema da prevenção ao uso de álcool e outras drogas, desenvolvidas ao longo de quatro anos na referida cidade. Cabe destacar que, embora se trate de um projeto de extensão, a metodologia proposta é inspirada na tradição das pesquisas participativas, mais especificamente da Pesquisa-Intervenção. Após um movimento cartográfico junto aos espaços e atores comunitários, bem como o mapeamento das necessidades e demandas, confirmou-se a necessidade de um trabalho voltado ao uso e abuso de álcool e outras drogas entre jovens e adolescentes. Em 2019, iniciou-se um grupo de estudos com 4 acadêmicos de psicologia selecionados para a participação no referido projeto. Dessa forma, busca-se, através dessas ações, estabelecer um vínculo com os jovens, oportunizando espaços de criação, participação e pensamento crítico. Por outro lado, temos a formação cidadã dos acadêmicos de psicologia envolvidos no projeto, que estão vivenciando e compartilhando saberes com a comunidade em que vivem. Já como resultado para a instituição, espera-se promover uma maior aproximação com a comunidade, divulgando os cursos e estreitando os laços para a proposição de outras ações no futuro.
PLANTAS MEDICINAIS
Authors: Barbosa Silva Lucas , Aguiar Quadros Fátima Alice
Published: July 2021

Este artigo é resultado de um projeto de extensão, realizado por professores e aluno do curso de medicina, finalizado no ano de 2019, com apoio da Pró-Reitoria de Extensão, Cultura e Assuntos Comunitários da UEMS, e executado com recursos do mesmo. O foco principal deste artigo é elucidar a importância do resgate cultural quanto ao uso de plantas medicinais em aldeias indígenas, de forma a propiciar a preservação do patrimônio cultural imaterial deste povo, elencando quais os fitoterápicos mais utilizados, além de buscar compreender a percepção dos jovens indígenas sobre o tema. As informações sobre as plantas medicinais utilizadas foram obtidas por meio de entrevista, catalogando-as e criando acervo bibliográfico sobre as espécies vegetais mencionadas. Foram realizadas oficinas com os jovens aldeados, no intuito de estabelecer o conhecimento destes acerca do assunto. Os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios em todas as etapas citadas, elencando as plantas medicinais e verificando que há coerência dos fitoterápicos usados entre os diversos idosos da aldeia. Por ser uma aldeia próxima da urbanização, não houve diferenças marcantes entre as plantas usadas pelos indígenas e pelo restante da população da cidade. Os jovens desejaram ampliar seus conhecimentos sobre o assunto.
Influence of phase and clock synchronization errors on the noise immunity of coherent reception of signals with quadrature amplitude modulation
Authors: Kulikov G. V. , Lelyukh A. A. , Batalov E. V.
Published: July 2021

Signals with quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is widely used for high-speed transmission of information in many radio systems and, in particular, in digital television systems. In the receiver, which is part of the transceiver equipment of such systems, there is a block for the formation of reference oscillations and a clock synchronization block. Due to hardware instabilities and propagation conditions, phase and clock errors may occur, which cause additional errors during demodulation of the received signal, and which can significantly impair the noise immunity of the reception. The paper investigates the effect of phase and clock synchronization errors on the noise immunity of coherent reception of QAM signals. Using the methods of statistical radio engineering, the parameters of the distributions of processes in the receiver are obtained and the probability of bit error is estimated. The dependences of the probability of bit error on the magnitude of the phase error in the formation of the reference oscillations and on the relative displacement of the clock moments, as well as on the signal-to-noise ratio, are obtained. It is shown that these errors can greatly reduce the noise immunity of the reception, and with an increase in the positioning of the signals, this effect increases. If we assume that the admissible reception energy loss is 0.5 dB due to each of these errors, then the allowable phase error is from ~3° at M = 4 to ~1° at M = 64, and the allowable clock synchronization error, respectively, is from ~5% at M = 4 to ~2% at M = 64. To provide more stringent requirements for the magnitude of losses, the requirements for the indicated errors increase significantly.
Method of vibration diagnostics of the technical condition of electronic equipment structures
Authors: Lyshov S. M. , Uvaysov S. U. , Chernoverskaya V. V. , Han Ph.L. Q.
Published: July 2021

The article considers the method of vibration diagnostics of onboard electronic devices based on the analysis of resonant frequencies. An algorithm for diagnosing mechanical defects of the studied blocks and nodes is presented. The structure of the complex of software tools for diagnostics automation and the results of testing the proposed method are presented. The main goal of the research is to improve the accuracy of identification of design defects of on-Board electronic devices. The transition from the analysis of the frequency response to the resonant frequencies that characterize the physical and mechanical parameters of the structure is due to greater stability and lower measurement error of this characteristic. To achieve this goal, a diagnostic model of the method has been developed that allows taking into account the spread of parameters of the electronic tool, both for the serviceable state and for the state with a defect. To estimate the permissible deviations of resonant frequencies from the nominal values, statistical simulation was performed using the Monte Carlo method. It was also possible to increase the reliability of the results of the physical experiment by determining the best position of the accelerometer in terms of the response received. The article provides a structure and description of the algorithm for searching for it. The results of approbation of the considered method on the example of the printed node of the voltage divider of the control unit of the aircraft are presented. In CAD SolidWorks, the serviceable state of the test node was modeled, for which four resonant frequencies were determined, and the state with a defect in the form of a detachment of the attachment. Analysis of the results showed a shift of three values of resonant frequencies relative to the correct state. The conducted series of 10 tests revealed the defect in all 10 cases (with the permissible error of the research result). This indicates a high degree of reliability of the data obtained, the adequacy of the diagnostic model of the method and the correctness of the applied algorithms.
Formalized approaches to assessing the usability of the user interface of web applications
Authors: Basok B.M M. , Frenkel S. L.
Published: July 2021

The paper proposes an approach based on the use of mathematical methods for modeling the behavior of the designed web application and user behavior. This approach allows an evaluation of the usability of this application. The paper discusses the models of user interfaces (UI), which are used to assess the convenience of site navigation. The possibility of using two classes of UI models is shown – structural-logical (ontological) and probabilistic. Models of the first class are used to assess the degree of comprehensibility of the proposed UI navigation on the search web resource in the accepted terms. For this, mathematically defined measures of similarity between the elements of the UI and their relationships and the elements of a hypothetical (but plausible) model of the user’s perception of the search area in a given subject area are used. In particular, the paper substantiates the possibility of using Jaccard and Levenshtein lexicographic distance metrics as such measures of similarity. Probabilistic models are based on Markov chains. With the help of these models, in the presence of reliable statistical data collected during the trial operation of a web application or its prototype, it is proposed to estimate the average number of user steps required to solve a specific problem of finding information about a subject area object. The paper provides some recommendations on the use of similarity measures to improve the usability of the UI of web applications. In addition, data on the technique for estimating the probabilities of transitions of Markov chains and semantic connections are presented. To clarify the features of the UI analysis models proposed in the article, the website of the RTU MIREA Admission Committee (https://priem.mirea.ru) is provided with a fairly simple organization that provides a search for information about admission and training at the University. The application of the approach described in the paper, along with traditional methods of testing the usability of UI, will increase the overall level of usability of applications, and thereby reduce the cost of identifying and correcting related errors.
Difficulties and prospects for the development of high-tech projects in the epoch of digital transformation of economy
Authors: Mandych I. A. , Bykova A. V.
Published: July 2021

It is now customary to talk about the increasing role of high-tech projects in the formation of a digital model of the Russian economy. And the breakthrough that occurred at the turn of the century is called the information revolution. The task of developing an innovative economy in Russia is to ensure conditions under which the volume of production of science-intensive products, the share of which is extremely low, will increase. The production of these products is carried out by high-tech projects requiring financial, informational and resource support from various institutions, including the state. Today, Russia has a high level of potential for innovative development in the global economic space, however, at the moment, it does not contribute to its implementation. The aim of the scientific article is the formation of a new model of state support for the development of the industry of high-tech projects, which are the basis of the information, digital and innovative economy. The relevance of the research on the selected topic is due to the fact that in modern times there is a digital transformation of the economy of the Russian Federation (RF), which requires decisionmaking on the formation of a new approach to participation in high-tech projects programs. Within the framework of the article, the following tasks were solved: trends in the development of the innovative economy of Russia and its key problems in the framework of supporting high-tech projects were considered and recommendations were made on the formation of a new model of state support for the development of high-tech projects based on the study and borrowing of foreign experience of advanced countries of the digital economy, including the USA, Germany and Japan.
The Theory and History of Authenticity
Authors: Lindholm Charles
Published: July 2021

WHAT ACTUAL CIRCUMSTANCES favored the rise of authenticity as a vital goal in today’s society? Lionel Trilling attempted to answer this question when he described the growth of authenticity out of the simpler and more modest virtue of sincerity, which itself arose in response to the momentous shift out of feudalism. According to Trilling, the concept of sincerity first emerged as a precursor to authenticity in the 16th century as a result of the gradual breakup of the face-to-face relationships of traditional European society. As was the case in many other pre-modern traditional societies around the world, the highly personalized universe of Medieval Europe was held together by a taken-for-granted social order that provided its members with secure positions in a divinely sanctioned hierarchy. Local authorities served church and state, and were served in turn by their vassals. The family replicated this order, with the father exercising a sacralized authority. This stratified and sanctified worldview validated the daily lives of the faithful. For most of those living in this cosmically ordained system, there was little or no travel away from their locality, and little or no social mobility within it. Under these circumstances individuals were constrained by the obligations entailed in their predestined social roles. What mattered was not personal sincerity and purity of intent, but only whether persons were able to live up to their obligations to the neighbors and kinsmen they had known and who had known them all their lives.
ANALISIS PERUBAHAN PENDAPATAN PEDAGANG MASKER ECERAN AKIBAT PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Putri Evita M. C. , Bangun Aron Karolina , Makalalag Afiansyah , Budiarso Novi Swandari
Published: July 2021

Covid-19 really makes the world feel a crisis in all things, namely the economy, education, health, and many more. However, Covid-19 has made the demand for masks greatly increased from before the existence of Covid-19. Because every human being needs a mask to prevent being exposed to the Covid-19 virus, so that retail mask traders are also affected. We take an example for retail mask traders in the Pinasungkulan market, Karombasan, Manado City. We interviewed 22 respondents who work as mask retailers. We questioned the income before and after the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as the prices of the types of masks before and after the Covid-19 pandemic.
ANALISIS BREAK EVEN POINT (BEP)
Authors: Manuho Priskila , Makalare Zevania , Mamangkey Trixie , Budiarso Novi Swandari
Published: July 2021

This paper aims to provide information to the public regarding the meaning, use, purpose, limitations, and methods of calculating Break Even Point Analysis (BEP). Management needs information that can be used as a basis for planning company profits. By knowing the break-even point, management can determine the amount of production or sales that must be made, according to the profit target to be achieved). Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the data collection technique used is an online study, namely by taking references from the Internet. The type of data used is secondary data in the form of books related to the discussion, of course, books/materials on the internet. Data analysis used descriptive method, which was to describe the research results and then draw conclusions. Break Even Point (BEP) calculation can be done by equation method, contribution margin method, and graphical method. The three methods when used produce the same number. Break Even Point (BEP) analysis, in practice, besides containing benefits but also contains weaknesses.
PENERAPAN PERENCANAAN PAJAK ATAS PAJAK PENGHASILAN
Authors: Wibisono Bagus Tutuka , Budiarso Novi Swandari
Published: July 2021

This study aims to describe how the implementation of appropriate tax planning in order to minimize the payment of income tax. In optimizing tax planning, a strategy that can be done is to make a nominative list related to entertainment expenses, management of food facilities, health and communication for employees, the use of the gross-up method in calculating employee salaries. Tax planning resulted in tax savings of IDR 7,022,500.00. The available cash flow from the tax savings can be maximized to support other operational activities.
BIQUINHO PEPPER CULTIVATED ON THE REFLECTIVE BENCH IN PROTECTED ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Moreira Loryelle de Jesus , Mello Bruna Finotti Fonseca Reis de , Silva Abimael Gomes , Costa Edilson , Binotti Flávio Ferreira da Silva , Vieira Gustavo Haralampidou da Costa
Published: July 2021

The choice of the cultivation environment interferes with the whole vegetable development because of the micro-meteorological conditions in which the plants are cultivated, and the use of technologies with reflective material aims to complement the production in both quantity and quality. In this sense, the objective was to analyze the growth and productivity of Biquinho pepper (Capsicum chinese) plants cultivated in two types of protected environments and benches with reflective material. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, with five repetitions. A plastic greenhouse with 42% shading and agricultural screen with 30% shading, inside these environments, there were benches with and without reflective material of the type Aluminet® with 50% shading. The plastic greenhouse presented lower temperature and relative air moisture, besides lower global solar radiation and photosynthetically active radiation. The benches with reflective material, independently of the environment, have promoted higher photosynthetic reflected radiation. Plants produced in the greenhouse had larger sizes, diameters, and leaves in their initial growth stage. As of 56 DAT, the plants in the agricultural screen presented greater heights and promoted greater pepper production. The reflective benches have favored the growth in diameter and at 14 and 28 DAT, and greater fruit production. It is concluded that the agricultural screen with 30% shading and reflective benches favor the Biquinho pepper fruit production.
Metales pesados contenidos en los sedimentos de fondo y en la columna de agua del arroyo San Lorenzo, Departamento Central, Paraguay
Authors: Salinas Néstor Damian , Benitez Julio , López Tomás
Published: July 2021

Se han estudiado tres tramos del cauce del arroyo San Lorenzo-Paraguay, que en este trabajo se denominaron: Barcequillo, San Isidro y La Pradera, abarcando de esta manera la zona alta, media y baja de la cuenca del cauce hídrico. Se ha constatado la presencia de metales pesados tanto en el sedimento de fondo como en la columna de agua. En los sedimentos se ha determinado valores que superan los niveles máximos según normas de la NOAA-SQuiRTs de los E.E.U.U. para el Pb con 16 mg/Kg en La Pradera y para el Hg en los tres tramos, siendo 0,092 mg/Kg el valor máximo en el mismo tramo. En tanto que, en agua, los valores de los metales no han sobrepasado las normas de la SEAM - Res. N° 222/02. Finalmente, el Análisis de Componentes Principales de los parámetros fisicoquímicos en sedimento muestra relación de la materia orgánica, pH, K+, P y la granulometría fina (arena fina y limo/arcilla) con metales como el Fe, Zn y Cr, en el punto de muestreo Barcequillo.
Air quality assessment using the Pollen Abortion assay in Tradescantia pallida in a Mid-sized City in Southern Brazil
Authors: Ceglinski Leonardo de Vasconcellos , Garcia Edariane Menestrino , Reis Fernanda Oliveira , Tavella Ronan Adler , Rodrigues da Silva Júnior Flavio Manoel
Published: July 2021

Urbanization is an important source of air pollutants that can compromise human health. In developing countries, such as Brazil, most cities do not have air quality monitoring stations. Assessing air quality through plant species has gained recognized prominence, as they are sessile organisms and sensitive to environmental changes. Pollen abortion assay in Tradescantia pallida is a fast and low-cost bioassay that can be implemented in passive biomonitoring scenarios. The present study aimed to use the pollen abortion assay in T. pallida to assess air quality in the municipality of Rio Grande, RS, Brazil and the possible relationship with vehicular flow. A relation was found between the highest rate of pollen abortion and the sites where there was greater vehicular flow and ozone levels, while at the control point, the lowest rate of pollen abortion among the others was found, corroborating the hypothesis that air pollution together with high levels of ozone from vehicles, impair plant pollination.
INDIVIDUAL ARREST TECHNIQUES THAT CAN BE USED BY POLICE OFFICERS ACCORDING TO THE SCANDINAVIAN MODEL OF PUBLIC ORDER AND SECURITY DURING A PUBLIC EVENT VIOLATION
Authors:   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Tuz Nazarii , Shevtsiv Mykhailo ,   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs
Published: July 2021

The article examines the issues of detention of individuals who can be used in their professional activities by police officers following the Scandinavian model of public order and security during violations of the order of mass events. Sometimes, during violations of the relevant mass events, police officers must counteract such conduct which violates certain rights and freedoms of others, which behave peacefully, calmly, in accordance with the clear rules provided for by national and international law. In some places, in order to stop the above-mentioned acts, the police are forced to apply, on legal grounds, coercive measures, which are provided by the Law of Ukraine “On the National Police”. However, it must always be borne in mind that the right to peaceful assembly is a fundamental human right and the use of force must be kept to a minimum so as not to harm human life or health and to restore public order and safety. Dialogue and conversation between police officers are important in detaining people who violate public order and security, as well as for those who are nearby during various types of gatherings. Here we need to understand the message, the reasons or motives for the detention, and, in general, the attempt to communicate and talk to the detainee. Detention of persons, quite often, is an effective way to ensure the order of peaceful assemblies, to ensure the realization of citizens' rights to peaceful assemblies. Detention can be carried out by personnel - police officers in uniform, and officers who perform their duties in ordinary, casual clothes. Police officers often detain people for various types of offenses. The difference between ordinary detention and detention during demonstrations is in the presence of certain factors that need to be addressed.
FORMATION OF THE OPTIMAL SYSTEM OF ECONOMIC SECURITY: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECT THROUGH THE PRISM OF THE SYSTEM OF LABOR MOTIVATION
Authors:   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Zhyvko Zinaida , Voronka Olga ,   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs
Published: July 2021

The subdivisions consider the main directions of formation of the optimal economic security management system at the enterprise. The concrete purposes of functioning of such system of management of economic safety of the enterprise are defined. Emphasis is placed on the need to create an effective economic security management system at the enterprise. It is pointed out that it is expedient to consider this problem through the prism of the analysis of the combination of satisfaction of economic and social needs of employees and ensuring the appropriate level of economic effect of economic entities. It is noted that the basis of the European approach to the development of personnel of the enterprise, which is a key element of ensuring the safety of the business entity through the improvement of organizational, educational and qualification structure of personnel. It is these processes that formed the basis of the concept of lifelong learning, the implementation of which in the business entity ensures the development of human capital, identification and transfer of hidden knowledge, promotion of competencies and use of learning environment that provides opportunities for lifelong learning, adaptation to market requirements. Emphasis is placed on the need for staff training, motivation and delegation of management powers, involvement in ensuring the security of the enterprise.
THE INCEPTION OF SECURITIES TRADING AND THE LEGAL STATUS OF IT`S PARTICIPANTS
Authors:   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Petronchak Yuliia , Sidorets Bozhena ,   Lviv University of Business and Law
Published: July 2021

The article explores the legal peculiarities of stock trading in issue and non-issue securities, starting from the emergence of stock exchange relations in medieval Europe, when such a priori activity was international. As of today, diachronic analysis of the legal nature of securities – objects of private international law, theoretically important at once for the three sciences – law, history and economics, and practically in demand for banking and stock exchange law, law-making activity of national and international levels. The main object of the study in this context is the analysis of the subject composition, that is, the list of rights and obligations of the parties to the legal relationship over the circulation of securities encumbered by a foreign element – an object that has become increasingly relevant lately. Foreign trade law is largely customary, and foreign exchange law is a priori, since it arose under international law when it was never called before, and only then reciprocated by national legal systems. Unlike trade legal relations, which emerged as domestic and gradually evolved and expanded, exchange relations emerged to regulate relations with a foreign element, and only then began to be realized within the legal relations of domestic ones. Therefore, it would be appropriate to consider the “genetically” securities institute an institution of private international law. The presented scientific material deals with the genesis and evolution of the source base of legal regulation of the securities market and the establishment of close interdisciplinary links between the history of state and law and international private law.
Active Participation in the Student-to-Teacher Interaction in Online Synchronous Sessions in Higher Education
Authors: Juárez-Díaz Catalina , Ojeda-Ruiz Leonel
Published: July 2021

Mexican institutions promoted e-learning to conclude the school year 2019-2020. In the higher education institution where this study was conducted, teachers were not familiar with online teaching. In Spring 2020, teachers prepared themselves or with students’ assistance to teach online. In Summer 2020, the institution offered workshops to update teachers on Blackboard LMS, Microsoft Teams, and Moodle to work in Autumn 2020. After that training, teachers started videoconferences in online synchronous sessions (OSSs). However, they observed that students did not participate actively in OSSs. Given this contextual background, this qualitative exploratory study addressed a threefold objective: 1. To identify students’ perceptions of active participation in OSSs. 2. To explore the degree of participation in the student-teacher interaction in OSSs at a higher institution, and 3. To identify factors affecting student active participation while teachers are lecturing. Sixteen participants with ages ranging from 19 to 25 years old were interviewed. The results showed that most participants consider active participation essential in online synchronous sessions; the level of participation was high, moderate, and low. In addition, affective, cognitive, moral and technical factors affected students’ active participation. The results of this study are useful in shaping our understanding of the whole panorama that is taking place behind synchronous sessions.
Acompañamiento mediacional para desarrollar la competencia escritural de estudiantes de maestría
Authors: Villegas María Margarita , González Fredy Enrique
Published: July 2021

Se reportan procesos y estrategias utilizadas en el acompañamiento mediacional para desarrollar la competencia escritural de estudiantes de una maestría en enseñanza. Las teorías sobre la producción escrita y la escritura como actividad social (Bolívar, 2020; Carlino, 2005; Cassany & Castellà, 2010; Freire, 1984; Gordillo-Alfonso, 2017), sobre la mediación y acompañamiento mediado (González, 2008; Villegas & Hernández, 2017), y sobre la situación social de desarrollo y enfoque histórico cultural (Rodríguez-Arocho, 2020; Vygostky, 1966) sirvieron de soporte para realizar las interpretaciones correspondientes. Metodológicamente, se trata de un relato de experiencia producto del análisis y reflexión sobre los procesos y las estrategias de mediación que utilizó una profesora investigadora para formar en la escritura científica a 15 estudiantes de maestría de una universidad pública. Los resultados revelan que el acompañamiento mediacional, a través de varios procesos contextualizados (revisión documental y bibliográfica, escritura individual y reflexión colaborativa grupal, revisión mediada, indagación dialógica y participación sustentada), es fundamental para el desarrollo de la competencia escritural de investigadores en formación.
Entornos virtuales de aprendizaje como espacio complementario en la formación inicial de profesores
Authors: Clavijo-Gallo Cristian , Quiróz-Vallejo Daniel Andrés , Arboleda-Mira Edgar Johan , Carmona-Mesa Jaime Andrés
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es describir las proyecciones de uso de los entornos virtuales de aprendizaje (EVA) como espacios complementarios de formación dentro de los cursos orientados a la integración de las TIC en procesos educativos de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de Antioquia (Medellín, Colombia). Para ello se adopta un enfoque cualitativo fundamentado en una revisión documental de los programas de curso y en entrevistas semiestructuradas con los profesores que orientan dichos espacios. Los resultados se reportan a partir de cuatro categorías: roles, interactividad, habilidades y aptitudes, y potencial educativo de los EVA. Dentro de los hallazgos se destaca que los roles de los actores educativos cambian al interactuar en un EVA; la interacción que posibilitan estos entornos da paso a nuevas formas de relacionarse. Se hace hincapié en el componente de autonomía que se requiere de los futuros profesores para participar en estos espacios, además de las necesidades de formación en tecnología para que los procesos educativos en un EVA se desarrollen de manera exitosa.
Foreign concessions in the USSR textile industry in the 1920s and early 1930s: The public-private partnership experience
Authors: Shilnikova Irina V.
Published: July 2021

Despite the Soviet government’s declarative efforts to engage foreign capital in rebuilding the economy during the 1920s, most concessions did not last long and were liquidated before the respective contracts expired. This article considers the conditions and key outcomes of concession enterprises, as well as the reasons and mechanisms for their premature liquidation, using the textile industry as an example. The main focus is on the indicators and reasons for the high profitability of these enterprises, lending issues and Soviet methods for limiting the growth of foreign concession operator profits.
Friendship Within and Across Borders
Authors: Briscoe Kaleb L. , Yao Christina , Oates Evangela , Rutt Jennifer N. , Buell Kathleen
Published: July 2021

Establishing social networks can be extremely challenging when international students, particularly those of Color, move to a new academic and social environment. We examined first-year international students of Color perceptions of their social networks and how these networks affect their experiences at a predominantly White institution (PWI). This study illuminated participants' relationships with U.S. domestic students and the power of language, culture, and shared experiences through a longitudinal narrative inquiry. Implications for practice and recommendations for future research are described in-depth for practitioners.
Talented, Yet Seen with Suspicion
Authors: Allen Ryan , Bista Krishna
Published: July 2021

The attacks of September 11, 2001, put terrorism at the forefront of the American political landscape. Donald Trump played into these fears of terrorism through his political rhetoric during his presidency, particularly targeting international students as “threats” to the nation. However, we argue that the labeling of international students as security threats was not started after 9/11 nor invented by Trump. Through historical records and accounts across decades of policies related to this issue, we seek to answer two questions: How has the U.S. government monitored visa policies and programs for international students? How have U.S. national policies evolved to view international students as national security threats? We find that mistrust of this population has been embedded throughout U.S. immigration history and that federal tracking policies emerged incrementally from long-held security concerns. We discuss why the entire population of international students should not be scapegoated due to fear.
The burden of legacy: Producing the Tagged Corpus of Early English Correspondence Extension (TCEECE)
Authors: Saario Lassi , Säily Tanja , Kaislaniemi Samuli , Nevalainen Terttu
Published: July 2021

This paper discusses the process of part-of-speech tagging the Corpus of Early English Correspondence Extension (CEECE), as well as the end result. The process involved normalisation of historical spelling variation, conversion from a legacy format into TEI-XML, and finally, tokenisation and tagging by the CLAWS software. At each stage, we had to face and work around problems such as whether to retain original spelling variants in corpus markup, how to implement overlapping hierarchies in XML, and how to calculate the accuracy of tagging in a way that acknowledges errors in tokenisation. The final tagged corpus is estimated to have an accuracy of 94.5 per cent (in the C7 tagset), which is circa two percentage points (pp) lower than that of present-day corpora but respectable for Late Modern English. The most accurate tag groups include pronouns and numerals, whereas adjectives and adverbs are among the least accurate. Normalisation increased the overall accuracy of tagging by circa 3.7pp. The combination of POS tagging and social metadata will make the corpus attractive to linguists interested in the interplay between language-internal and -external factors affecting variation and change.