bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An International Educational Literacy: Students, Academics and the State
Authors: Frew C.
Published: September 2021

Universities are no-longer isolated places where the
intellectually or socially advantaged undertake
research and contemplation. Universities are central
to social and economic policy and can be used to
meet the social and economic requirements of the
new globalised environment. This paper explores
the role of the internationalisation of universities in
Australia, facing the challenge of globalisation, in
light of declining government support of higher
education institutions. A large part of
internationalisation involves an increase in
international student numbers, and this alongside
changes in internal governance, is changing the role
of academics within universities. This paper
examines the new demands for an international
educational literacy, examining the effect of these
demands on academic professionals.
Learning for Success: Distance Education Students’ use of their Learning Materials
Authors: Smith A. , Smith E.
Published: September 2021

This paper reports the results of a research project investigating the use
that Distance Education (DE) students at university make of the learning
materials that are supplied to them. The research is based on a survey of
998 DE students enrolled in ten undergraduate subjects spread across all
five Faculties at Charles Sturt University (CSU) in New South Wales,
Australia. CSU is Australia’s largest DE provider of higher education. The
project addressed the following questions:
• The extent to which DE undergraduate students use their learning materials.
• The extent to which students undertake the learning activities that are often
incorporated in learning materials.
• The extent to which students obtain learning materials beyond the printed
learning materials, especially their use of library facilities and the internet to
research topics in their study programs.
• The way in which DE undergraduate students approach their study and the
study strategies that they adopt.
The paper reports the major conclusions from the survey. It was found that
the majority of students read most or all of the learning materials that were
sent to them. They relied heavily upon the prescribed textbooks, did some
additional reading as recommended, to a limited extent carried out
additional reading beyond that recommended, and worked through the
provided learning materials in a methodical manner. They generally
completed, in their minds if not always on paper, the study tasks embedded
in the learning materials. Those students that read less and paid less
attention to study tasks tended to study in a way that was focused on
passing assessment tasks. Overall the study provides a strong argument
for the retention of printed learning materials as students seem to work well
with them, and the more effectively students use them the better they seem
to perform.
Editorial 3.2
Authors: Carter H.
Published: September 2021

The second issue of volume three of the Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice (JUTLP) contains five papers on what I hope you will find is an appealing range of topics.
The Adoption of Multiple Modes of Delivery in Australian Universities
Authors: Smith A. , Ling P. , Hill D.
Published: September 2021

This paper reports the findings of a major national
research project examining the use of multiple
modes of delivery in Australian universities. A
variety of factors including the increased use of online
educational technology has pushed Australian
universities in recent years to extend the ways in
which they deliver learning and teaching. However,
the extent of the uptake of these modes of delivery
has remained somewhat unclear as have the
precise reasons why universities have adopted
multiple modes. The paper reports the result of a
survey which clarifies the extent of the use of
multiple modes of delivery in Australian universities
and case study research that attempts to unpack
the reasons for adoption. The research finds that
traditional face to face delivery is still the dominant
form of delivery but universities are experimenting
with a surprisingly wide variety of alternatives.
Policing - or, at Least, Policying - Plagiarism at one Australian University
Authors: O'Regan K.
Published: September 2021

How universities and university people deal with
plagiarism is articulated in universities’ plagiarism
policies. Universities, policies and people are all
located in a bigger context, one which is being
increasingly shaped by global issues. Some global
issues of particular relevance to plagiarism are
associated with the Internet and its attendant values
and practices, Westernisation and notions of
individualism versus collectivism, and contested
constructions of the concept of ‘author’. Within this
dynamic milieu, individual universities attempt to
formalise appropriate policy statements. The policy
of one Australian university is analysed here and
suggestions offered regarding possible directions
for research which seeks to reconcile plagiarism
policy and practice with the global tides buffeting
universities and those who work in them.
Editorial 4.1
Authors: Carter H.
Published: September 2021

It is quite an achievement to be in our fourth year of production of the Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice (JUTLP). This would not be possible without the incredible dedication of our Reviewers and our Editorial Board, to whom I extend my warmest thanks. This first issue of volume four contains five papers on a range of topics, all offering some practical application or guidance to our teaching and learning practice which I hope you find both interesting to read and useful as a resource.
Strategies to Improve Student Reaction to Group Work
Authors: Kriflik L. , Mullan Judy
Published: September 2021

After receiving negative feedback from students and tutors about their
group work experiences in a health subject, strategies to resolve these
collaborative learning issues were considered. The objectives were to
facilitate student ability to resolve group work issues, highlight group
work as an important graduate attribute and to improve perceptions of
the benefits of group work. A literature review assisted in identifying
several strategies that had been used elsewhere to resolve issues
similar to those raised by the students in this study. Consequently a
number of support resources were designed for the revised delivery of
the subject to the next cohort of students. These included a
structured introduction to elements of group work and several
strategies to improve the group work experience. At the conclusion of
the subject students indicated that the group work experience was of
value. The overall response suggested that active tuition in the
elements of group work contributes positively to student
understanding of both the process and group dynamics.
Supporting Education PhD and DEd Students to Become Confident Academic Writers: an Evaluation of Thesis Writers’ Circles
Authors: Larcombe W. , McCosker A. , O'Loughlin K.
Published: September 2021

This paper critically evaluates the pilot of a Thesis Writers’ Circles program
offered to Education PhD and DEd students at the University of Melbourne
in semester 2, 2005. The analysis focuses on the needs of those students
that were felt to be well-met by this model of support. Broadly, the paper
identifies two distinct but inter-related themes: firstly, the challenge of
developing writing skills to a level sufficient to meet the demands of
preparing a research thesis; secondly, the importance for research higher
degree students of building confidence as apprentice academic writers. In
relation to the latter theme, the paper identifies the benefits of community
participation and peer-collaboration in working towards the aim of
consolidating a thesis-writing identity. It is in this capacity, we argue, that
thesis writers’ circles have distinct advantages compared with other forms
of candidature support, making them a valuable supplement to both
conventional supervision practices and generic English language and
thesis writing programs. The paper affirms the importance not only of
equipping international and non-English speaking background (NESB)
students with writing tools and strategies, but also of creating opportunities
for all postgraduate research students to receive (and offer) non-judgmental
feedback on work-in-progress within a discipline-specific learning and
discourse community.
Teaching: more than just lecturing
Authors:   University of Toledo, USA, Roettger C. , Roettger L. O. ,   University of Toledo, USA, Walugembe F. ,   Makerere University, Uganda
Published: September 2021

This study focused on effective teaching strategies for university professors. The researchers studied the relationship between teaching effectiveness and the dynamics of student demographics. An examination of the changes in the composition of the college population over the last few decades, based on statistical data, as well as an overview of theories of teaching and learning published in professional books and journals in both K-12 and Higher Education, provided the framework for an assessment of the effectiveness of various approaches to teaching. The final recommendations are based on the conclusions resulting from a comprehensive analysis of various research studies.
Using a Cross-Institutional Collaborative Model to Deliver a National Roundtable Conference on Assessment: A Case Study
Authors: Brown N. , Littrich J.
Published: September 2021

This paper describes the organisation, preparation and delivery of a major project, namely, a national roundtable conference on assessment, in the context of a wider project involving the development and application of a model of collaboration between tertiary institutions based on a distributive leadership framework. It analyses feedback received from round table participants and comments on both the utility and the limitations of the adopted model for the purpose of the round table project.
Assessment in First Year University: A Model to Manage Transition
Authors: Taylor J.
Published: September 2021

For most students assessment guides their study and learning practice. Yet in the
literature associated with the first year of study at university, few have mobilised
the power of assessment to develop and engage first year undergraduate students.
This paper presents a model of assessment for first year students which separates
the semester into three overlapping assessment phases: assessment for transition,
assessment for development and assessment for achievement. The
implementation and usefulness of the model is supported by examples from
mathematics, engineering, computing, communication and nursing studies at the
University of Southern Queensland (USQ). Particular attention is paid to
assessments for transition which occur early in the semester and are linked more
closely with processes than specific content. Evidence is collated on the success of
assessments in improving the participation of students, especially distance
education students.
Assessment in the Professional Experience Context
Authors: Brown N.
Published: September 2021

Professional Experience is a key component of teacher education programs, bringing together the different disciplines of Education into a real-world setting. Helping pre-service teachers see theory in practice and begin to put theory into practice requires a close and explicit linkage between the coursework and practicum. A shared discourse that is accessible to pre-service teachers, field-based colleague teachers and university lecturers is an essential element in this process, particularly as there is an embedded assessment component. This project describes the evaluation of an assessment rubric developed for Professional Experience in the Bachelor of Teaching at UTAS.
The Course Improvement Flowchart: A description of a tool and process for the evaluation of university teaching
Authors: Morgan P.
Published: September 2021

The use of evaluation to examine and improve the quality of teaching and courses is now a
component of most universities. However, despite the various methods and opportunities for
evaluation, a lack of understanding of the processes, measures and value are some of the
major impediments to effective evaluation. Evaluation requires an understanding of what to
evaluate, how to evaluate it, how to collect and analyse the information and how to action and
implement what has been learned. The aim of this paper is to describe an instrument to
document not only the evaluative process, but also evaluative outcomes. The Course
Improvement Flowchart (CIF) provides a template for the application of an action inquiry
framework. Throughout this process, the CIF template can be used to document key
recommendations emanating from multiple sources of feedback so that a proactive statement of
intent or action plan for teaching and course improvement is written. The resultant
improvements that may be achieved in teaching and course quality may lead to more satisfying
teaching experiences, improved student outcomes and heightened professional growth as a
teacher.
Teaching Law to Accounting and Business Students: A Cumulative Dual Model
Authors: Ewang F.
Published: September 2021

This article presents a reflection and comparison of two of my teaching pedagogical approaches for the Business Organisations Law curriculum to undergraduate non-law students at Charles Sturt University. The purpose is to compare and evaluate efficacy of a traditional, lecture-based learning (LBL)i with a combination of LBL and problem-based learning (PBL)ii in improving performance and outcomes for students enrolled in the accounting and business degrees. Research methods to compare outcomes and performances were evaluated using modified versions of several LBL and PBL related survey questionnaires and a Study Process Questionnaire (SPV) developed by John Biggs for use with Australian tertiary students, and validated for use with students in several Asian countries. Data regarding students’ perceptions of LBL and a combination of LBL and PBL were further collected using a 13-point interview questionnaire. Responses from a Likert scale were calculated in percentages and considered in terms of a mean response and data from the qualitative responses coded in NVIVO and analysed thematically. Also, ‘tests scores’ (assignments and final exam results - mostly problem questions) from a traditional LBL class were compared with the scores from a mixture of both LBL and PBL. Though groups’ means of both LBL and PBL were closer, the results combined with other indicia revealed that students studying the course through a combination of both lectures and PBL tutorials in a teaching session performed significantly better. The paper recommends a cumulative dual approach as effective course delivering methods.
Learning from psychotherapy for postgraduate supervision
Authors: Arnold Josie
Published: September 2021

This paper explores some of the ways in which our insights into the pedagogy of postgraduate supervision may benefit from understanding some of the attributes of psychotherapy. It proposes that psychotherapy involves teaching and learning processes that can be fruitfully compared with the idealised pedagogical model of the dialectic. It develops insights into postgraduate supervision as pedagogy by interrogating the intersection of teaching and learning with some aspects of psychotherapy. In doing so, it shows how those pedagogical aspects of psychotherapy can enable a deeper understanding and richer practising of postgraduate supervision. This paper works within a model postulated by Gregory Ulmer. In his development of an idea that there is in academic writing the self and the researched, the conscious intellectual semiotic and that arising from storytelling, Gregory Ulmer surveys the idea of ‘mystories’. This word encompasses the self, the story and the mystery of this. I propose my own version of this as the ‘subjective academic narrative’.
The experience of implementing an interprofessional research methods course for student health professionals of population health and clinical practice. Getting the right fit
Authors: Wilson A.
Published: September 2021

Purpose: This paper reports on the adaptation of an existing interpretive and critical research methods course in nursing for postgraduate student health professionals in a School of Population Health and Clinical Practice. Methods: A cyclical approach of inquiry, reflection and planning was undertaken by the teaching team to make changes to the existing course for implementation for the current and following academic year. Critical reflections from two student evaluations during the course contributed to the re-design. Main Findings: Two main findings emerged: (1) cross-disciplinary teaching teams can work successfully if there is true collaboration of stakeholders; and (2) it is feasible to conduct an effective interdisciplinary qualitative research methods course for student health professionals. Conclusions: Interdisciplinary research methods courses need to be structured so that students interact with each other to enhance their knowledge of other disciplines and value learning about other professional viewpoints and issues.
Active Tasks to Change the Use of Class Time within an Outcomes Based Approach to Curriculum Design
Authors: Salter Dr Diane , Pang Dr Marco , Sharma Dr Piyush
Published: September 2021

This paper describes how new roles for instructors and learners can be integrated into course design and delivery by rethinking course design as part of a process-based staff development program. The goal of incorporating online learning tasks was to engage students with course resources prior to class time through active learning. The staff development program guided faculty to consider ways to ‘rethink’ the use of student and teacher time to engage students in learning tasks to prepare for class time. In this way, students were able to use class time for active discussion rather than listening to a traditional lecture in the classroom. This paper reports on the overall results of this project and provides specific suggestions on how teachers can consider technology options within an outcomes-based approach to curriculum design.
Intercultural interpretations: making public relations education culturally relevant
Authors: Chia Joy
Published: September 2021

Public relations educators delivering courses to international students find that each cohort of students interprets and understands public relations theory and its application to practice according to their respective cultures. The premise of this paper is to reflect on some of the interpretations and expectations of public relations students enrolled in postgraduate master classes from 2003 to 2007 in Singapore, Malaysia and Australia, at the University of South Australia. The Australian masters’ classes include cohorts of international students from diverse cultures. This paper suggests that public relations educators need to adapt their style of delivery and methods of assessment to facilitate optimum engagement of diverse groups of students taking account their varied political, religious and social backgrounds that shape their thinking and perception of public relations theory and practice.
Dilemmas in Teaching Happiness
Authors: Barker Chris , Martin Brian
Published: September 2021

There is a burgeoning amount of research into happiness and greatly increased popular attention, so it seems logical to add a course on happiness to the university curriculum. We encountered, in developing and running such a course, a number of dilemmas that the topic of happiness makes especially acute. Should the teacher remain separate from the class, as an authority, or participate in group activities? Is the primary goal of the class to learn content or to change the relationship of students to the world? What does a mark for learning content signify if developing happiness habits is a goal? Should one goal of the class be for the teacher to be happy and, if so, does this conflict with student learning? These dilemmas reflect larger questions about the purpose of university education. This paper reflects on those questions through our experience of formulating and delivering a new university class on happiness.
Building Learning Communities in Residential Colleges
Authors: Muldoon Robyn , Macdonald Ian
Published: September 2021

This paper addresses the retention issues presented when large numbers of students from low socio-economic backgrounds and associated disadvantaged educational histories live together on-campus. It reports research in progress on a new approach taken at the University of New England (UNE), Australia, aimed at encouraging the growth of learning communities in colleges through the training and subsequent support of senior students charged with helping first year students negotiate the transition to successful university study. It outlines the issues faced by both the first year students and the senior students, strategies implemented, outcomes to date and plans for further change. UNE is a regional university with 5,000 on-campus students, half of whom live in seven residential colleges. It appears that for these students, traditional lectures and workshops on learning strategies and techniques are not as effective as layered, personal ‘at the elbow’ learning support in a non-threatening, social environment.
The Artistic practice-Research-Teaching (ART) Nexus: Translating the Information Flow
Authors: Bennett Dawn , Wright David , Blom Diana
Published: September 2021

This paper reports findings from interviews with fourteen Australian artist academics, who discuss the complex relationships between their Arts practice, their Research and their Teaching. We refer to this as the ART nexus because of the strong flow of information reported between these three activities. However, this information flow is not achieved without conflict. Conflict arises over the balance of time available and different mindsets required for differing activities, and there can be hesitation about analysing intuitive creative thought. The findings reveal ways in which information is ‘translated’ for different audiences including undergraduate and postgraduate students, who are both recipients of and contributors to the nexus. The article problematises the ART nexus in an attempt to offer greater insight into the ways in which individual artist academics teach through their arts practice and their research, within a university system that struggles to accommodate this breadth of endeavour.
Why I Wanted More: Inspirational Experiences of the Teaching–Research Nexus for Engineering Undergraduates
Authors: Guerin Cally , Ranasinghe Damith
Published: September 2021

What is it about the teaching-research nexus that inspires engineering undergraduates to want more and become researchers themselves? In this study, we sought to discover more about the influences on current PhD students’ choices to embark on higher degrees by research in various fields in engineering in an Australian research-intensive university. An online survey and follow-up focus group discussion revealed that these students are driven primarily by a genuine interest in research itself, rather than other factors such as career advancement (although this too, plays a role). While this is not particularly surprising, what did become apparent was the specific undergraduate experiences that most strongly influenced their decision to undertake research degrees, including enjoying doing project-based work, being exposed to lecturers who were passionate about their own research, and working on a vacation research scholarship. Further analysis reveals that the weighting of various influences changes according to whether the students are local Australian graduates or international PhD candidates.
Activating the Teaching-Research Nexus in Smaller Universities: Case Studies Highlighting Diversity of Practice
Authors: Boyd William , O'Reilly Meg , Bucher Danny , Fisher Kath , Morton Anja , Harrison Peter , Nuske Elaine , Coyle Rebecca , Rendall Karyn
Published: September 2021

The teaching-research nexus (TRN) has become an important process in the modern University, providing both identity to university scholarship and a device for the integration of academics’ work. Over the last decade many reports have identified the need to both establish institution-wide processes to embed and support TRN, and assist in academic professional development in adopting TRN. This case study reports one such institutional project, focussing on one element of the staff development program, a TRN panel discussion by academics who have engaged TRN. The discussion was structured around the five TRN dimensions of: Learning through research; Research-led teaching; Researching teaching; Teaching informed research; Learning how to do research. By reflecting on their personal experiences, the presenters provided example and discussion of the diversity of options within TRN. In evaluating this event, we consider the diversity of subtlety of TRN. There are clearly advantages for students and staff alike, and TRN allows the curriculum to have a significant authenticity. In terms of teaching, research becomes a core learning tool and foundation of the curriculum. TRN then becomes the catalyst for merging boundaries between teachers and learners, lecturers and researchers: TRN becomes a truly two-way relationship.
METFORMIN PREVENTS PHENYTOIN INDUCED COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
Authors: Tiwari Prashant , Patel Nirjharini , Jena Susmita , Prusty Shakti Ketan , Sahu Pratap Kumar
Published: September 2021

Cognitive impairment is one of the major problems associated with antiepileptic drugs. Phenytoin is one of the widely used anticonvulsant drugs, but it adversely affects learning and memory on prolonged use due to generation of reactive oxygen species. Metformin promotes neurogenesis, enhances spatial memory function and protects the brain against oxidative imbalance. Metformin, due to its interference with apoptotic cascade, prevents cell death. Hence the present study was undertaken to evaluate the nootropic effects of metformin against phenytoin induced cognitive impairment by using several preclinical models such as actophotometer, rotarod, elevated plus maze, radial arm maze and Y-maze. Adult wistar albino rats (150-200g) of both sexes were divided into three groups. Group-I was treated as control, Group-II was administered with phenytoin whereas Group-III was subjected to metformin followed by phenytoin. Metformin (200mg/kg) was administered orally 1h before administration of phenytoin (25mg/kg) for 21 days. Metformin showed significant (p<0.05) increase in locomotor activity in actophotometer, time of fall in rotarod, number of correct entries in radial arm maze, % SAB in Y-maze and decrease in time spent in open arm in elevated plus maze, thereby reversing the effects of phenytoin.
ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITION AND GCMS ANALYSIS OF TANACETUM PINNATUM BOISS POPULATIONS IN IRAN
Authors: Serri Fatemehalsadat , Rezaea Mohammad bagher , Ghamarizare Abbas , Badi Hassanali Naghdi , Mehrafarin Ali ,   Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Published: September 2021

The genus Tanacetum L. belongs to the Asteraceae family and is one of the most important medicinal group that contains 26 species in Iran, 12 of them being endemic. Tanacetum pinnatum Boiss. grows wild in Iran. This paper reports the essential oil composition of T. pinnatum population in 3 provinces of Iran. The essential oil of T. pinnatum was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Alborz province (Kodashte), plant gives yield in leaves of 0.4% and in flowers 0.6% (V/W). From flowers, that main compounds were α- cadinene (15.91%) and cubenol (6.42%), β- eudesmol(19.47%), (E, Z)- geranyl acetate(12.03%) and α- chenopodiol (7.5%) and α- cadinene (19.94%), cubenol (6.67%), β- eudesmol(18.93%), (E, Z)-geranyl acetate (12.55%) and α- chenopodiol (7.14%) from leaves. The plants of this province have a maximum range of compounds compared with other provinces.
HYDROPHOBIC ION-PAIRED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: A REVIEW
Authors: Maha Abu Hajleh , Emad A.S Al-Dujaili ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan, Post code: Jordan – 11942.,   Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK
Published: September 2021

Hydrophobic ion-pairing (HIP) complexation technique has been displayed to modify the physicochemical properties, solubility, oral absorption, bioavailability, and the lipophilicity of an ionic drug in the lipid phase. This could affect a higher permeation through biological membranes. HIP complexation was considered through the formation of a neutral molecule by electrostatic interaction of ionizable groups of drugs with oppositely charged functional groups of a complex-forming agent. Subsequently, this ion-pair may encapsulate into many delivery systems. The objective of this manuscript was to study the effectiveness of ion-pair complextion and cover the update application of this strategy through several routes of administration such as ocular, oral, pulmonary, transdermal, and parenteral.
A NOVEL VALIDATED ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF MIDODRINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION BY LC-MS/MS
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, JSS College of Pharmacy (JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru), Udhagamandalam, TamilNadu-643001, India., S.T. Narenderan , S.N. Meyyanathan , B. Babu , Y. Karthik
Published: September 2021

A novel simple, precise, accurate and validated, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy method has been developed for the quantitative determination of midodrine hydrochloride from a commercially available formulation. Caffeine was used as the internal standard. Isocratic separation was achieved using jones C18 column (4.6 x 150mm, 3μm) as a stationary phase and the mobile phase consistsed of 10mM ammonium formate (pH 4.0): methanol (30:70 v/v) with a flow of 0.5 ml/min. Detection was carried out in positive ionization with a mass transitions of 255→237.1 and 195→138.1 to monitor Midodrine hydrochloride and caffeine. The method was found to be linear over a concentration range of 0.30 – 110 ng/ml with a regression analysis of 0.9991. The percentage recovery in the present method was found to be 99.5 ± 1.20. The LC-MS/MS method was validated as per ICH guidelines.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF LIPSTICK, ROUGE AND EYE SHADOW USING COLORED PIGMENT FROM THE EXTRACT OF PIPER BETEL AND ACACIA CATECHU
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon, Walwa, Dist- Sangli Maharashtra India 415404, Randive D. S , Bhinge S. D. , Bhutkar M. A. , Shejawal K. P. , Mulla A. S , Thorat M. S. , Patil P. D.
Published: September 2021

The present work was aimed to formulate various cosmetic formulations comprising of extract of Piper betel and Acacia catechu and limestone as a coloring agent to minimize the side effect(s) associated with the use of synthetic colorants. Different natural ingredients such as bees wax, carnauba wax, white soft paraffin, castor oil, strawberry essence, rice starch and lemon juice were used to formulate herbal lipstick, rouge, and eye shadow along with the extracted color. Different evaluation tests were carried out to evaluate the prepared formulations such as color, texture, pH, perfume stability, melting point, breaking point, softening point, surface anomalies, aging stability, thixotrophy and skin irritation test. The results of the evaluation tests revealed that melting point of the prepared lipstick formulation was in the range of 61-63oC. The breaking point of all the prepared lipstick formulations was in the range of 30 – 33 g. Force of application was noted to be good for all the formulations. Thixotrophy character was observed in the range of 9.2 ±0.3 to 9.6 ±0.1. Softening point was found to be in the range 52.33 to 60.330C. Eye shadow and rouge showed good adhesion property and proper color dispersion with melting point of 480C. Patch test on the volunteers showed no signs of skin irritation. The results of the study confirmed that the color extracted from Piper betel and Acacia catechu may prove to be an attractive option and act as a substitute for synthetic colorants in various cosmetic formulations.
CHALLENGING COVID-19
Authors:   Associate Editor,  Indian Drugs, Rao Nagaraj N.
Published: September 2021

Dear Reader, Coronaviruses are a large family of zoonotic viruses, that is, the virus is transmitted from animals to humans. Although several common human coronaviruses are known, and usually lead upon infection to mild to moderate upper-respiratory tract illnesses, some coronaviruses cause epidemics. Severe Acute Respratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV) erupted in February 2003 following transmission from civet cats to humans. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) surfaced in April 2012 following transmission from dromedary camels to humans. However, both these epidemics pale into insignificance in the context of the havoc currently being caused by an hitherto unknown coronavirus, now named as COVID-19 and which is first assumed to have started mid-December 2019 in Wuhan, China. It is strongly suspected that COVID-19 was transmitted from bats to humans.
Effects of Demonetization, GST & Covid-19 Pandemic in the Adoption of Digitalization by Rural MSMEs in India
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Management and Business Administration, Aliah University, Kolkata, West Bengal, Ahmed Shafique , Sur Samiran ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Management and Business Administration, Aliah University, Kolkata, West Bengal
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The turbulent times created by the recent uncertain events give only two solutions – either surrender or fight-out. It has been the story so far for the MSMEs in India. Three events that changed the business scenario include the implementation of demonetization & GST and the pandemic-related restrictions. Survival became the only viable factor for businesses. This study dwells deeper into these three events and their influence on the adoption of digitalization by MSMEs in rural India. Methodology: Responses of the rural MSME owners were collected through a structured questionnaire containing multiple-choice questions on a 5-point Likert scale. To have better clarity, responses of 274 rural MSME owners were finally considered for the data analysis. For factor analysis of the data, the process of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was adopted with the help of IBM SPSS 25.0. To find out the validity of the model, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was performed by using IBM AMOS 21.0. Findings: It is found that the pandemic effect has the strongest significance followed by the demonetization effect on MSME owners towards the adoption of digitalization for their business. GST was implemented within a year of demonetization, so its effect is found to be non-significant. Practical Implications: The results of the study will help the government as well as IT solution providers to chalk out their strategies, products, or reforms taking into consideration the particular problems faced by MSMEs related to demonetization and pandemic closure. The outcome will also help in better implementation of the ‘Vocal for Local’ initiative. Originality: The results of the proposed study indicate that during all the three major events, the importance of digitalization has been witnessed by the MSMEs. These uncertain times have prioritized the use of digitalization not only for their survival but also to match the consumers’ demands during those periods. This study shows the importance of digitalization and will help the cup to reach the lip and both the economy and the MSME owners will be benefitted from it.
Proposition and Validation of Retention Model for Managers in Select Indian Private Sector Banks
Authors:   Assistant Professor, ICFAI University Tripura, Singh Niharika , Sharma L. Shashikumar ,   Professor, Mizoram University, Aier Bendangienla ,   Post Doctoral Fellow under RUSA 2.0 at Centre of Excellence; Unorganised Labour, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha
Published: September 2021

Purpose- Focusing on private banking industry in Delhi (India), the study intent to identify the direct and indirect influence of select individual, internal (organizational) and external (environment) variables on retention of bank managers. Three retention models for banking industry with the said variables had been hypothesized and tested to find that most appropriate model. Design/Methodology/Approach - The required data of 301 lower and middle level managers was finalized using stratified random sampling. The managers examined for the study were with minimum two years of experience in the same bank. The study was conducted in two phases- (i) Significant determinants of retention were identified using multiple and hierarchical regression analysis, (ii) Involving only significant determinants three retention models were created and tested using Structural equation modelling (SEM). Findings- SEM result of best fit model suggests that perceived alternative employment opportunities, perceived organizations prestige, perceived competitiveness of pay, pay and benefits satisfaction, career advancement opportunities, work-life balance, and job satisfaction have significant effect on retention of managers and the result is consistent with regression analysis of the work. Moreover, final model showed retention acting as mediator between other variables and retention, though the indirect effect was found to be very weak. Practical Implications- The findings of the study will be serviceable for the banks want to keep those managers who had already spend a good amount of time in the bank. Originality/Value- Rather than including two or three predictors, the current work has considered determinants of retention from various dimensions. The study extended its area by making an effort to involve only those who retained in the organization for two years and can actually have an opinion on the matter or factors affecting their stay.
Does Work-Life Balance Mediate the Relationship of Perceived Organizational Support and Job Satisfaction for Healthcare Workers? A Study on Female Nurses in India
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Commerce & Management at S K Somaiya College of Arts, Science & Commerce, Dubey Arunkumar , S Riasudeen ,   Associate Professor, Department of Management Studies, School of Management, Pondicherry University
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Studies time and again ascribe increased attrition in the nursing profession to poor organizational support and issues of work-life balance resulting in higher levels of job dissatisfaction among nurses. Considering this background, we conceptualized a model (POS-WLB-JS) anchored on organizational support theory and examined the mediating influence of work- life balance in the relationship of perceived organizational support and job satisfaction for female nurses in the Indian healthcare ecosystem. Methodology: Convenience sampling techniques were used to collect data from 250 female nurses from 40 hospitals in Mumbai. Hierarchical regression analysis techniques were used to test the hypotheses. In addition, Sobel test for indirect effects was used to assess the mediating influence of work -life balance in the conceptual model. Findings: Perceived organizational support, work- life balance, and job satisfaction have a significant and positive relationship among them. In addition, work- life balance mediates the relationship of perceived organizational support and job satisfaction for female nurses in the Indian nursing context. Practical Implications: The study will be beneficial to healthcare administrators, doctors, and practitioners who play a pivotal role in the delivery of healthcare services through nurses. It explores the process of job satisfaction through work-life balance and organizational support. Originality: The study makes a distinction between specific support for work- life measures and distal support that exists for nurses in hospitals. It was found that the latter as measured by the perceived organizational support scale has a significant and positive relationship with job satisfaction and work- life balance.
Sustainability – The Future of Survival
Authors:   Professor & Director, Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS) Deem to Be University, Hyderabad, Telangana, Panda Tapan Kumar
Published: September 2021

Editorial
Swimmer Syndrome in Two Kittens
Authors: Yaygıngül Rahime , Tuna Gülten Emek
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Swimmer syndrome is a rare developmental abnormality observed in neonatal dogs and cats. This study aimed to give information about the clinical finding and treatment outcomes of swimmer syndrome diagnosed in the two crossbreed kittens. Four weeks old two kittens with the opening of their posterior legs sideways and difficulty walking were brought to clinic. Clinic examination revealed that the kittens could hold and use both anterior extremities in the normal position; however, both posterior extremities were laterally extended. The kittens had difficulty walking and could not bring their posterior extremities to a normal position. Neurologic and radiologic examinations of the animals were normal. Treatment involved bandaging the lower half of the tibias of the posterior legs with the legs in the normal anatomical posture position. Vitamins B and Vitamin D3 were administered to the kittens during treatment as well. This case report describes successful treatment of swimmer syndrome in two kittens.
Rancangan Sistem Otomatis Start dan Monitoring Air Handling Unit Terminal 2 Bandar Udara Internasional Soekarno - Hatta
Authors: Fahri Muhammad , ISMAIL KGS , Fatra Oka
Published: September 2021

Terminal 2 Bandara Internasional Soekarno Hatta memiliki 97 Air Handling Unit (AHU) yang digunakan untuk mengkondisikan suhu ruangan. Ketika terjadi pemutusan atau gangguan pada  aliran listrik, semua AHU tersebut harus dihidupkan dengan cara mendatangi unit tersebut. Rancangan otomatis start dan monitoring menggunakan PLC didukung oleh program visual basic diharapkan dapat membantu efektifitas operasional AHU. Rancangan ini memiliki koneksi antar PLC dan PC menggunakan wifi, dimana fungsi monitoring ketika pengoperasian unit AHU akan ditampilkan pada monitor dan fungsi kontrol pengoperasian unit AHU dapat dilakukan dari jarak jauh, serta dilengkapi dengan sistem otomatis start yaitu, ketika suplai listrik terputus dan tersambung kembali, AHU dapat langsung beroperasi tanpa mengaktifkannya secara manual.
Rancangan VFR Corridor Majalengka Control Zone di Perum LPPNPI Unit Pelayanan Kertajati
Authors: Hasibuan Ryan , Rosmayanti Lina , Setiawan Agus
Published: September 2021

This study aims to design VFR Corridor connecting Cakrabhuwana Airport in Cirebon with Tunggul Wulung Cilacap Airport and Cijulang Nusawairu Airport.The research method used is level one research and development with a qualitative approach and descriptive exposure. Data collection techniques in the form of interviews, literature studies, and documentation studies. Meanwhile, data processing techniques use data reduction, data presentation, and verification. Based on the data collected, it is known that the flights from Cirebon to Cilacap and Nusawiru or vice versa do not have a clear VFR Corridor to connect the three airports, while the number of traffic overflying that makes Cross Country flights to Tunggul Wulung Cilacap and Cijulang Nusawiru airports is quite large.
Rancang Bangun Oil System untuk Turbocharger Gas Turbine Engine Dengan Inducer Diameter 1,75 Inch
Authors: Noval Dwi Kurnianto  , Wira Gauthama  , Hidayat Zulham
Published: September 2021

Rancang bangun mesin turbin gas dimulai dengan mengidentifikasi beberapa komponen yang dibutuhkan dalam membangun sebuah mesin turbin gas. Turbocharger yang terdiri dari kompresor dan turbin sebagai penyusun utama komponen ini diambil untuk dijadikan Kompresor dan turbin  mesin turbin gas yang juga merupakan unsur utama dalam sebuah mesin turbin gas. Agar sebuah mesin turbin gas dapat beroperasi maka perlu dirancang beberapa system pendukung seperti Oil System, Fuel System, Ignation System, Combustion Chamber dan beberapa system yang lain. Pada perancangan ini, penulis mendapat bagian dalam perancangan Sistem pelumas (Oil System) dimana tantangan yang dihadapi adalah mendapatkan jenis oil yang tepat untuk mesin turbin gas yang akan dibangun. Adapun  rumusan masalah dalam perancangan system pelumas ini antara lain bagaimana menentukan viskositas pelumas yang digunakan, menghitung critical pressure bearing, menghitung jumlah pelumas yang digunakan, menghitung head pompa dan menghitung kapasitas reservoir yang digunakan. Output akhir yang dihasilkan dari perancangan ini adalah  suplai oli yang mampu untuk melumasi shaft bearing pada turbocharger sehingga tidak terjadi overheating yang menyebabkan keausan serta metal to metal contact. Dari hasil perhitungan, didapatkan tekanan oli sebesar 37 psi yang diperlukan untuk melumasi shaft bearing pada turbocharger. Dan dihasilkan pembakaran yang continuous.
Analisis Safety Risk Management pada Kegiatan Praktikum Taruna Teknik Pesawat Udara di Politeknik Penerbangan Indonesia
Authors: Shakti Arrafat Bhima
Published: September 2021

Every practical activity carried out by student at Aircraft Engineering Departement, then these activities have risks that need mitigation measures. In safety risk management requires departement to conduct an assessment of the risks that can occur from an activity using hazard identification, risk assessment and mitigation. By identifying types of hazards, assessing risks, getting results in the form of risk matrix and risk level and identifying mitigation actions that can be taken and accepted. Furthermore, it produces hazard identification and risk assessment & mitigation (HIRAM) documents, and controls risks to acceptable and tolerable levels with mitigation measures. Safety risk management which is one of the standards in implementing safety management system in Aircraft Engineering Departement can be fulfilled.
An Examination of the Relationships Between Extant Dolomena Wenz, 1940, Doxander Wenz, 1940, Mirabilistrombus Kronenberg, 1998, Neodilatilabrum Dekkers, 2008 and Labiostrombus Oostingh, 1925 (Stromboidea: Neostromboidae: Strombidae)
Authors: Dekkers Aart , Maxwell Stephen
Published: September 2021

This paper presents an examination of the relationships between Dolomena, Doxander, Mirabilistrombus, Neodilatilabrum and Labiostrombus using character state analysis and maximum parsimony. Hypothesized relationships are presented through the introduction of definitions that bridge the understanding of the evolutionary relationships with the applied nomenclature. Dolomenini is introduced to incorporate two new subtribes: Dolomenina which combines parts of Dolomena ex Abbott (1960) and Labiostrombus; and Doxanderina, which encloses Doxander and Neodilatilabrum. Based on the generated phylogeny, Amabiliplicatus, Pacificus and Dominus are introduced, while Ministrombus is validated as monophyletic. The clustering of Neodilatilabrum and Doxander within Doxanderina, and the nesting of Labiostrombus within the Dolomenini are major revisions to Stromboid systematics.
Descriptions three rare and little known of Neptunea (Gastropoda Buccinidae) from the Eastern Bering Sea slope, one new to science
Authors: Clark Roger
Published: September 2021

Three rare and little known species of the genus Neptunea Röding, 1798 from continental slope of the eastern Bering Sea are discussed. The rediscovery of the enigmatic Neptunea insularis (Dall, 1895), a range extension for Neptunea alabaster Alexeyev & Fraussen, 2005, and a new species, unique amongst Neptunea in having five cusps on the lateral teeth, of the radula, opposed to three found in nearly all other Neptunea. The three species are described herein and their distributions defined.