bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improvements in the infrastructure for nursing research in universities in Kazakhstan
Authors: Järvinen Sari , Heikkilä Johanna , Meyermanova Inesh , Kuanysh Zhuldyz , Molotov‐Luchanskiy Vilen
Published: July 2022

Aim

This study aimed to describe the status and analyze the improvements made by universities in Kazakhstan to nursing research infrastructure in the following services: library, internationalization, finance, information and communication technology (ICT), and research, development, and innovation (RDI).

Background

In higher education institutions (HEIs), a strong research infrastructure is a necessity for academic education and research. In Central Asian countries, nursing is regarded as an assistive field to medicine, affecting nursing research infrastructures.

Methods

In this descriptive study, following benchmarking and a recommendations report, an interview of nursing faculty members was used to obtain data regarding nursing research infrastructure in ten universities in Kazakhstan. The SQUIRE‐EDU was used to ensure the quality of reporting.

Results

The Kazakhstani universities providing nursing education are still in the process of developing their nursing research infrastructure. They have not acquired access to nursing databases, and only one textbook concerning nursing research can be found from their libraries. None of the universities have joined international nursing networks. The participation of the university staff and students in conferences with nursing themes has increased. The universities are investing in staff capacity building, but not yet in nursing research projects.

Discussion and conclusion

Kazakhstani universities have the autonomy to develop nursing research and its infrastructure. Active measures by the university management, such as financing access to nursing databases, international cooperation, and international projects, are necessary.

Implications for nursing and health policy

Research infrastructures’ quality strongly impacts the development of nursing science and practice in any country. It is crucial to increase the volume of research that demonstrates the effectiveness of clinical nursing and its contribution to health outcomes. To enable the faster development of nursing science in Central Asian countries, this development should be supported through international collaboration.
Intimate partner violence prevention amongst Arab American young adults in Chicago: Implications for intervention development
Authors: Abboud Sarah , Zubi Mona , Shalabi Itedal , Taha Nareman , Velonis Alisa , Patil Crystal
Published: July 2022

Aims

Intimate partner violence (IPV) rates in the Arab American community are high, and there are gaps in the understanding of young adults' perspectives on IPV and its prevention. The aims of this study are to describe Arab American young adults' perspectives on the design of IPV prevention programmes and to document and explore their understanding and experiences with IPV.

Design

This exploratory study was part of a larger community‐based participatory mixed‐method study (QUAL‐quan) amongst Arabs in Chicago and focused on young adult participants (18–25 years).

Methods

Participants (n = 44) completed an IPV survey about IPV perpetration and victimization, dating violence norms, conflict management skills, gender stereotyping, and belief in the need for help. From four focus groups (22 participants), we explored Arab American young adults' perspectives on IPV prevention programme development.

Results

Participants supported the adaptation and development of a youth‐centred IPV prevention intervention that is community‐based, culturally informed, and inclusive of multiple Arab community stakeholders. The survey results indicated multiple experiences with psychological and physical dating violence victimization (76.3% and 47.2%) and perpetration (62.2% and 27%).

Conclusion

Arab American young adults in Chicago are exposed to high rates of IPV. Community‐based participatory approaches are needed to develop IPV prevention interventions that centre community needs.

Impact

Intimate partner violence is a significant public health problem; nearly 1 in 4 women have experienced IPV at some point in their life, and about 70% of those experiencing IPV, experience their first victimization before the age of 25. Arab American young adults experience high rates of IPV victimization and perpetration, requiring urgent attention. Participants proposed various community‐based strategies to develop IPV prevention programmes that include multiple community stakeholders. Community‐based organizations and researchers, schools and religious institutions could establish collaborations to ensure the adaptation and development of community‐informed IPV prevention programmes.
Assessment of phylogenetic approaches to study the timing of recombination cessation on sex chromosomes
Authors: Zhang Hongkai , Sigeman Hanna , Hansson Bengt
Published: July 2022

The evolution of sex chromosomes is hypothesized to be punctuated by consecutive recombination cessation events, forming “evolutionary strata” that ceased to recombine at different time points. The demarcation of evolutionary strata is often assessed by estimates of the timing of recombination cessation (tRC) along the sex chromosomes, commonly inferred from the level of synonymous divergence or with species phylogenies at gametologous (X‐Y or Z‐W) sequence data. However, drift and selection affect sequences unpredictably and introduce uncertainty when inferringtRC. Here, we assess two alternative phylogenetic approaches to estimatetRC; (i) the expected likelihood weight (ELW) approach that finds the most likely topology among a set of hypothetical topologies and (ii) the BEAST approach that estimatestRCwith specified calibration priors on a reference species topology. By using Z and W gametologs of an old and a young evolutionary stratum on the neo‐sex chromosome of Sylvioidea songbirds, we show that the ELW and BEAST approaches yield similartRCestimates, and that both outperform two frequently applied approaches utilizing synonymous substitution rates (dS) and maximum likelihood (ML) trees, respectively. Moreover, we demonstrate that both ELW and BEAST provide more precisetRCestimates when sequences of multiple species are included in the analyses.
Effect of thickness of CAD/CAM materials on light transmission and resin cement polymerization using a blue light‐emitting diode light‐curing unit
Authors: de Castro Eduardo Fernandes , Fronza Bruna Marin , Soto‐Montero Jorge , Giannini Marcelo , dos‐Santos‐Dias Carlos Tadeu , Price Richard Bengt
Published: July 2022

Objective

Evaluate the effect of thickness of high‐translucency (HT) CAD/CAM materials on irradiance and beam profile from a blue light‐emitting diode light‐curing unit (LCU) and on the degree of conversion (DC) and maximum polymerization rate (Rpmax) of a light‐cured resin cement (LCC).

Material and methods

The direct output from the LCU, the light transmission and irradiance ratio (IR) through one conventional composite and nine HT CAD/CAM materials (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0‐mm thick; n = 5) were measured with a integrating sphere coupled to a spectrometer. The light beam was assessed with a beam profiler camera. The DC at 600 s and the Rpmax of one LCC was determined using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (n = 5). Data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by Tukey's tests, and Dunnett's test was also used for irradiance data (α = 0.05).

Results

A significant decrease in irradiance through all materials occurred as thickness increased. Thin CAD/CAM materials improved light homogeneity, which decreased with the increase in thickness. The DC of the LCC directly exposed to light was the same as when exposed to 45%, 25%, 15%, or 5% IRs. Rpmax decreased with the decrease in IR.

Conclusions

Although the HT CAD/CAM materials reduced the irradiance from the LCU, minor effects were observed in the LCC's DC.

Clinical significance

Despite the light attenuation of blue light through different CAD/CAM materials that were up to 2‐mm thick, the degree of conversion of one brand of light‐cured resin cement was clinically acceptable when the LCU was used for 30 s.
The initial experience of left bundle branch area pacing in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Zhu Haojie , Wang Zhao , Li Xiaofei , Yao Yan , Huang Weijian , Liu Zhimin , Fan Xiaohan
Published: July 2022

Purpose

Whether left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) could be achieved in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) requiring ventricular pacing remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the feasibility and effect of LBBAP in HCM.

Methods

Patients with HCM who underwent LBBAP were recruited from November 2018 to September 2021. Clinical characteristics, echocardiographic, and pacing parameters were prospectively collected at baseline and during follow‐up.

Results

Eleven consecutive HCM patients who attempted LBBAP were included (mean age 64.0 ± 8.7 years, female 45.5%, mean interventricular septum 16.7 mm). The success rate of LBBAP was 36.4% (4/11) and the reason for failed LBBAP in other seven HCM patients was the inability to screw the lead into the deep septum or capture the left bundle branch. Patients with successful LBBAP had significantly narrower QRS duration than those with failed cases (118.0 ± 3.7 ms vs. 140.9 ± 9.4 ms, p = .01) while the capture thresholds, sensing amplitudes, and pacing impedances were similar. Successful cases presented with less positive late gadolinium enhancement (25.0% vs. 71.4%, p = .02) and thinner interventricular septum thickness (14.5 ± 1.0 mm vs. 18.0 ± 2.5 mm, p = .02) compared with failed cases. Pacing parameters remained stable and no procedure‐related complications occurred during a mean follow‐up of 8.9 ± 7.3 months.

Conclusion

LBBAP may be successfully achieved in less than half of HCM patients due to thick interventricular septum and heavy burden of myocardial fibrosis. Pacing strategies should be cautiously considered in patients with HCM.
Negative childhood events and the development of the anorexic voice: A grounded theory
Authors: Morrison Jet , Williams Marc O. , Fox John R. E.
Published: July 2022

Background

Many individuals diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (AN) describe their disorder as being represented by an internal ‘anorexic voice’ (AV). Previous studies have identified associations between eating psychopathology and multifarious forms of adverse life experiences.

Aims

This study explores the relationship between adverse experiences in childhood and the development of the AV.

Materials and Methods

Twelve women who had the experience of the AV in the context of a diagnosis of AN took part in semi‐structured interviews. The interview data were analysed using a constructivist grounded theory methodology.

Results

Participants recalled feeling unsafe in a variety of relationships and a theory was constructed in which the AV provides a sense of conditional safety, becoming increasingly hostile and belittling when it is disobeyed, revealing similar characteristics to abusers and bullies in childhood.

Discussion

Findings are related to the broader literature on the link between trauma and eating disorders, and to existing theories of internal voices.

Conclusions

The findings have implications for a trauma‐focused approach when working with the AV.
Detection and Characterization of Paraproteinemia in Canine Chronic B‐cell Lymphocytic Leukemia Using Routine and Free Light Chain Immunofixation
Authors: Harris R. Adam , Gary Erik B. , Rout Emily D. , Avery Anne C. , Moore A. Russell
Published: July 2022

Background

Hyperglobulinemia is reported in 26% of canine chronic B‐cell lymphocytic leukemia (B‐CLL) cases. However, few cases have been characterized by protein electrophoresis and immunofixation (IF), and the incidence of a monoclonal protein (M‐protein) is unknown using these techniques.

Objective

To characterize and determine the proportion of canine B‐CLL cases with an M‐protein using plasma protein electrophoresis (PPE), routine and free light chain (fLC) IF, and to assess if productive B‐CLL cases express MUM1/IRF4 by cell tube block (CTB).

Methods

PPE, routine (targeting IgG, IgA, IgM, IgG4, and light chain) and fLC IF were performed using 48 dog B‐CLL plasma samples from patients diagnosed via peripheral blood flow cytometry. CTB was performed on a separate cohort of 15 patients.

Results

Hyperproteinemia (>7.5 g/dL) was present in 17/48 cases (35%). An M‐protein was detected in 32/48 cases (67%). Of these, 19/32 cases (59%) had only complete (monoclonal heavy and light chain) M‐proteins detected, 10/32 cases (31%) had both complete and fLC M‐proteins detected, and 3/32 cases (9%) had only an fLC M‐protein detected. IgM was the most common clonal immunoglobulin isotype detected (23 cases). CD21+ cell counts were higher in cases with detectable M‐protein. Plasma fLC IF suggested β‐γ region interference, likely caused by clotting proteins. All B‐CLL cases consistently expressed PAX5 and did not express MUM1/IRF4.

Conclusions

Most B‐CLL cases had an M‐protein and were not hyperproteinemic. Most cases with paraproteins had a complete IgM monoclonal gammopathy; a subset had documented fLCs. The prognostic significance of heavy and fLC presence should be evaluated.
The plane-wave primary reflection response from an impedance gradient interface
Authors: Amundsen Lasse , Ursin Bjørn , Landrø Martin
Published: July 2022

A weak scattering model that allows prediction of the one-dimensional acoustic plane wave primary reflection response from an impedance gradient interface is described. The velocity and density gradient profiles are represented by a smooth approximation to the Heaviside function of the Fermi–Dirac distribution type. The profiles are described by the velocities and densities at minus and plus infinity, the reference depth of the gradient interface, and its smoothness. The primary response is derived by using the Bremmer series to reduce a generally complex reflection problem to the simpler one of the primary reflections which is a valid solution for small impedance contrasts. The reflection response can be expressed in terms of the Appellian hypergeometric functions of two variables of the first kind and Gaussian hypergeometric functions. When the reflection response is evaluated at sufficiently large distance above the reference depth, the Appellian functions are reduced to Gaussian hypergeometric functions. In the Born approximation, the reflection response simplifies. In the limit of zero frequency, the reflection coefficient in the small impedance contrast approximation can be related to the classic reflection coefficient for two impedance layers in welded contact.
An algorithmic approach to electroacoustical analogies
Authors: Brandão Eric , Fonseca William D'Andrea , Mareze Paulo Henrique
Published: July 2022

The low-frequency behavior of acoustical transducers can be simulated with the so-called electroacoustical analogies (or lumped parameters). The main idea is that visual inspection of the transducer allows the derivation of an electroacoustic circuit that can be analyzed. The technique is computationally efficient and provides significant physical insight into the transducer. Electroacoustical analogies are taught today in many courses around the world. However, it is difficult to find reading material with an algorithmic approach to derive the electroacoustic circuit from the visual inspection of the transducer. This paper presents algorithms to derive the mechanical and acoustical circuits of transducer systems and how to couple the electrical, mechanical, and acoustical circuits for electrodynamic and capacitive transducers. A number of examples of the derivation are presented in detail. These techniques were conceived from an extensive search of the classical literature in acoustics and adapted to the teaching needs of undergraduate and graduate students of the Acoustical Engineering at the Federal University of Santa Maria in Brazil.
Enhanced simulated early 21st century Arctic sea ice loss due to CMIP6 biomass burning emissions
Authors: DeRepentigny Patricia , Jahn Alexandra , Holland Marika M. , Kay Jennifer E. , Fasullo John , Lamarque Jean-François , Tilmes Simone , Hannay Cécile , Mills Michael J. , Bailey David A. , Barrett Andrew P.
Published: July 2022

The mechanisms underlying decadal variability in Arctic sea ice remain actively debated. Here, we show that variability in boreal biomass burning (BB) emissions strongly influences simulated Arctic sea ice on multidecadal time scales. In particular, we find that a strong acceleration in sea ice decline in the early 21st century in the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2) is related to increased variability in prescribed BB emissions in the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) through summertime aerosol-cloud interactions. Furthermore, we find that more than half of the reported improvement in sea ice sensitivity to CO
2
emissions and global warming from CMIP5 to CMIP6 can be attributed to the increased BB variability, at least in the CESM. These results highlight a new kind of uncertainty that needs to be considered when incorporating new observational data into model forcing while also raising questions about the role of BB emissions on the observed Arctic sea ice loss.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Collinolactone Producer
Streptomyces
sp. Strain Gö40/10
Authors: Sterndorff Eva B. , Jørgensen Tue S. , Garzón Jaime Felipe Guerrero , Schmid Julian , Grond Stephanie , Weber Tilmann
Published: July 2022

The actinomycete
Streptomyces
sp. strain Gö40/10 has the potential to produce a range of secondary metabolites, one of which is collinolactone, a compound with neuroprotective properties and potential for pharmaceutical applications. The genome was sequenced with Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION and Illumina MiSeq systems and consists of a single 9,635,564-nucleotide linear chromosome.
Bacillus paralicheniformis isolated from a hypersaline sediment of Lake Texcoco, draft genome sequence of strain TXO7B-1SG6
Authors: Can-Ubando Lorna Catalina , Sánchez-Reyes Ayixon , Manzanares-Leal Gauddy Lizeth , Isaac-Olivé Keila , Sandoval-Trujillo Horacio , Ramírez-Durán Ninfa
Published: July 2022

We present the draft genome sequence of the halotolerant strain
Bacillus paralicheniformis
TXO7B-1SG6.
Soil texture influences on soil health scoring functions in Ontario agricultural soils: a possible framework towards a provincial soil health test
Authors: Chahal I. , Saurette D.D. , Van Eerd L.L.
Published: July 2022

Since soil health is impacted by inherent soil properties, it is, therefore, challenging to apply the same soil health frameworks across multiple regions and soil types. Here, we examined the effect of soil textural group (coarse, medium, and fine) on four soil health indicators of soils sampled from diverse agricultural systems across Ontario. Scoring functions were developed by calculating cumulative normal distributions, using the mean and standard deviation of each soil health indicator, for three or five soil textural groups. For each soil health indicator, soil health scoring values were provided using the “more is better” approach, where greater soil health scores implied better soil health. Soil health indicators were significantly affected by three but not all five soil textural groups. Evolved NH3 and CO2, and potentially mineralizable N had stronger associations with each other as revealed by correlation and principal component analysis. Our results also suggested that mean separation of the tested soil health indicators was more consistent with three soil textural groups (coarse, medium, and fine) than five soil textural groups (clays, clay loams, loams, sandy loams, and sand); therefore, we recommend using three soil textural groups to develop soil health scoring functions. The findings of this study lay a groundwork for future soil health assessment involving a larger number of samples across Ontario and more soil indicators, which will facilitate the regional interpretation of soil health.
A big data analytics framework for determining the travel destination preferences of Indian tourists
Authors: Ranga Kamal Kumar , Nagpal Chander Kumar
Published: July 2022

The growth of technology and social media websites has increased the potential to online explore different products and places around the globe. While online websites are primarily responsible for the generation of large amounts of data, this big data may be beneficial to other users provided the proper decision pattern can be analyzed. This work is focusing on the big data from social media to determine the travel destination preferences for Indian tourists. The analysis of online tourism reviews is beneficial to both tourists and businesses in tourist countries. Tourists can analyze all the required aspects prior to traveling and businesses in the destination country can enhance their products. The study aims to analyze the online tourist reviews using supervised machine learning methods (decision tree, k-nearest neighbor, back propagation neural networks and support vector machine) and ensemble learning in order to ascertain the travel preferences of Indian tourists visiting other countries. For the research experiments, significant travel data histories of tourists for the five destination places (Dubai, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore) are extracted from TripAdvisor. TripAdvisor is a worldwide popular tourism website that provides access to consumers to share their travel experiences. From the selected five destination places, the preferences of Indian tourists are analyzed for the factors of travel & destination comfort, hotel facilities, food quality and attractions of the place. The analysis results of the proposed recommendation system indicate the determination of precise suggestions for Indian tourists traveling to other countries.
Dimensional transmutation and nonconventional scaling behavior in a model of self-organized criticality
Authors: Antonov N. V. , Gulitskiy N. M. , Kakin P. I. , Semeikin M. N.
Published: July 2022

This paper addresses two unusual scaling regimes (types of critical behavior) predicted by the field-theoretic renormalization group analysis for a self-organized critical system with turbulent motion of the environment. The system is modeled by the anisotropic stochastic equation for a “running sandpile” introduced by Hwa and Kardar in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 62, 1813 (1989)]. The turbulent motion is described by the isotropic Kazantsev–Kraichnan “rapid-change” velocity ensemble for an incompressible fluid. The original Hwa–Kardar equation allows for independent scaling of the spatial coordinates [Formula: see text] (the coordinate along the preferred dimension) and [Formula: see text] (the coordinates in the orthogonal subspace to the preferred direction) that becomes impossible once the isotropic velocity ensemble is coupled to the equation. However, it is found that one of the regimes of the system’s critical behavior (the one where the isotropic turbulent motion is irrelevant) recovers the anisotropic scaling through “dimensional transmutation.” The latter manifests as a dimensionless ratio acquiring nontrivial canonical dimension. The critical regime where both the velocity ensemble and the nonlinearity of the Hwa–Kardar equation are relevant simultaneously is also characterized by “atypical” scaling. While the ordinary scaling with fixed IR irrelevant parameters is impossible in this regime, the “restricted” scaling where the times, the coordinates, and the dimensionless ratio are scaled becomes possible. This result brings to mind scaling hypotheses modifications (Stell’s weak scaling or Fisher’s generalized scaling) for systems with significantly different characteristic scales.
Lagrangian formulation of the de Broglie–Proca for space with noninteger dimension
Authors: Khosropour B.
Published: July 2022

Fractals are the fundamental characteristics of the universe. In this research, the Lagrangian formulation of the de Broglie–Proca (dBP) field for space with noninteger dimension is examined. Based on the Laplace of the dBP’s equations in noninteger space, the solutions of these equations are found where the dimensionality of the space is [Formula: see text]. Also, we obtain the wave equation for the electric field and the wave equation for the magnetic field in noninteger space.
Global dynamics analysis of a Filippov Hindmarsh–Rose neuron model
Authors: Liu Wenyan , Qiao Shuai , Gao Chenghua
Published: July 2022

The electromagnetic induction induced by neuron membrane potential plays an important role in regulating its electrical activities, bistability and hidden dynamics. In this paper, a nonsmooth threshold control strategy is proposed, in which the membrane potential is utilized as the threshold to determine the switching function corresponding to the electromagnetic induction intensity and external stimulus current. Consequently, a four-dimensional Filippov-type HR neuron model is established. First, the existence, stability and global bifurcation behaviors of equilibrium points of two subsystems are discussed by using stability theory and numerical simulation. Then, the bistable behavior and evolution modes of subsystems are investigated based on the two-parameter bifurcation analysis. Further, the existence of various equilibrium points and sliding dynamics of the system are analyzed by Filippov convex method and Utkin’s equivalent control method. Finally, the sliding firing modes and multistable features under the control of the threshold are revealed by the method of fast-slow variable dissection. These results will provide useful theoretical support for understanding the hidden dynamic mechanism of neurons and constructing functional neural networks.
Novel Strategy Generating Variable-Length State Machine Test Paths
Authors: Rechtberger Vaclav , Bures Miroslav , Ahmed Bestoun S. , Schvach Hynek
Published: July 2022

Finite State Machine is a popular modeling notation for various systems, especially software and electronic. Test paths (TPs) can be automatically generated from the system model to test such systems using a suitable algorithm. This paper presents a strategy that generates TPs and allows to start and end TPs only in defined states of the finite state machine. The strategy also simultaneously supports generating TPs only of length in a given range. For this purpose, alternative system models, test coverage criteria, and a set of algorithms are developed. The strategy is compared with the best alternative based on the reduction of the test set generated by the established N-switch coverage approach on a mix of 171 industrial and artificially generated problem instances. The proposed strategy outperforms the compared variant in a smaller number of TP steps. The extent varies with the used test coverage criterion and preferred TP length range from none to two and half fold difference. Moreover, the proposed technique detected up to 30% more simple artificial defects inserted into experimental SUT models per one test step than the compared alternative technique. The proposed strategy is well applicable in situations where a possible TP starts and ends in a state machine needs to be reflected and, concurrently, the length of the TPs has to be in a defined range.
Cosmic acceleration and ekpyrotic bounce with Chameleon field
Authors: Singh Ashutosh , Pradhan Anirudh
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we explore the homogeneous and isotropic flat Friedmann–Robertson–Walker (FRW) model in Chameleon cosmology. By considering a non-minimal coupling between the scalar field and matter, we present a non-singular bouncing cosmological scenario of the universe. The universe initially exhibits the ekpyrotic phase during the contracting era, undergoes a non-singular bounce, and then in expanding era, it smoothly transits to the decelerating era having matter and radiation-dominated phases. Further, this decelerating era is smoothly connected to the late-time dark energy-dominated era of the present epoch. We use numerical solution techniques to solve non-minimally coupled gravity equations for understanding the evolution of scalar field along with other quantities like effective potential in the model. The model thus unifies an ekpyrotic, non-singular, asymmetric bounce with the dark energy era of the present epoch. We study the evolution of bouncing model and confront the model with observational results on the equation of state parameter by constraining the model parameters.
Computational analysis of flow separation in a mixed convection MHD flow over a vertical paraboloid: Case of externally retarded flow
Authors: Shah Babar Hussain , Mehmood Ahmer , Munawar Sufian , Saleem Najma
Published: July 2022

Combined effects of forced and natural convection on the occurrence of flow separation and heat transfer on a vertical paraboloid of revolution under the influence of a magnetic field are studied in this investigation. Inside the boundary layer, free convection is established due to the temperature difference between the fluid and the boundary while forced convection happens due to the presence of an external potential flow. The external potential velocity is chosen from the decelerated nature concerning the stream-wise coordinate due to which the flow separation is expected to occur. The influence of natural convection, the applied magnetic field, and the surface transverse curvature on delaying the flow separation and on the rate of heat transfer in the vicinity of the separation point is the aim of the investigation of this study. Regarding these important physical ingredients, the percentage increase in separation length and the rate of heat transfer are calculated. Moreover, their influence on the flow and heat-transfer phenomena has also been discussed in detail and presented through various graphs and tables. An exact numerical solution is obtained with the aid of an implicit finite difference scheme.
The Complexity of Chromatic Number When Restricted to graphs with Bounded Genus or Bounded Crossing Number
Authors: Gasarch William , Hayes Nathan , Ostuni Anthony , Park Davin
Published: July 2022

e present a known theorem with the following authors. Part 1 was proven by Hopcroft and Tarjan [10]. Part 2 is easy. Part 3 was proven by Garey, Johnson, and Stockmeyer [6]. Part 4 was proven by Appel, Haken, and Koch [2, 3].
Health Condition Monitoring and Control of Vibrations of a Rotating System through Vibration Analysis
Authors: Rahman Arifur , Hoque Md. Emdadul , Rashid Fazlur , Alam Firoz , Ahmed Mim Mashrur
Published: July 2022

This paper presents condition monitoring, fault detection, and control of vibration of a rotating system using vibration analysis. The system includes ball bearings, pulleys, impellers, shafts, and an electric motor. The experimental approach generated different levels and forms of vibration that were measured using a vibration analyzer (CSI 2140). A vibration analyzer is used for determining the characteristics and nature of vibration of the experimental system. System vibrations were measured in terms of amplitude, phase angle, and frequency during the experimental operating conditions. After that, the experimental results were compared with the ideal working conditions mentioned in the ISO standard for the determination of machine health and condition monitoring. This paper also presents a passive control technique to enhance the machine’s health condition. The generated faults of the system have been detected and solved by using an exact measurement of polar plot analysis. This approach of condition monitoring, fault detection, and improving operating conditions can be used to visualize and analyze vibration data in any rotating system. Furthermore, this technique would be a feasible and effective way of finding strategies for the maintenance of rotary machines.
Application of Machine Learning Algorithms in the Development and Consumption Trend of Green and Intelligent Vehicles under the Background of Big Data
Authors: Liang BenShuang , Yang Jing , Guo Yaxin , Guo Xin
Published: July 2022

In the face of global warming, air pollution, and other difficulties, electric vehicles have become an industry strongly supported by various countries due to their good environmental protection characteristics. In the context of big data, people are exposed to more and more information, and the convenience brought by big data is also increasing. Based on this background, the development of green and intelligent vehicles is getting faster and faster. This paper is aimed at studying the application of machine learning algorithms in the development and consumption trends of green and intelligent vehicles in the context of big data. This paper proposes machine learning algorithms based on big data, as well as support vector machine algorithms and so on. Machine learning algorithms specialize in how computers simulate or implement human learning behaviors to acquire new knowledge or skills and to reorganize existing knowledge structures to continuously improve their performance. The test results of this paper show that, starting from 2014, China has begun to vigorously develop green and intelligent vehicles. In 2014, the production volume of green and intelligent vehicles in China was 3,675, and the sales volume was 2,790. The development of green and intelligent vehicles is not very good and has not been fully accepted by the public. However, since 2017, the production and sales of green and intelligent vehicles have been slowly increasing. By 2020, the production of green and intelligent vehicles will be 24,360 and the sales will be 24,090. It can be seen that with the development of time, green and intelligent vehicles are gradually being recognized.
Feedback Overhead in the FDD Downlink Massive MIMO System
Authors: Ndiaye Papis , Diallo Moussa
Published: July 2022

One of the fundamental problems in massive multiple input multiple output (MMIMO) systems based on the frequency division duplexing (FDD) mode is the acquisition of the channel state information at the base station (BS). Indeed, in these systems, the reciprocity of the uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) channels is not applicable. Thus, the users are supposed, after having estimated their subchannels, to feedback them to the BS. Since the size of the information to be returned is proportional to the number of base station antennas that is very large, then we witness an excess of the number to be returned for each user. It is therefore essential to find a way to reduce this quantity, which affects the overall performance of the system. In this article, we propose two new MMIMO-OFDM-FDD-DL schemas based on the Givens rotation quantization used in the 802.11ac standard to reduce the amount of information to be returned for each user. The first is a fusion between the Givens rotation (GR) and the arithmetic coding (AC) technique, and the second is based on the combination of the GR method and the universal compression technique, Lempel Ziv Welch (LZW). The proposed schemes named GR & AC and GR & LZW (with an improvement of this proposal based on a modified version of LZW (LZWM) named GR & LZWM) for the first and second, respectively, are compared and both can achieve a compression ratio of up to 95% (or even 98%) and 83%, considerably exceeding recent advanced techniques.
Evolution Characteristics of Overburden Instability and Failure under Deep Complex Mining Conditions
Authors: Wang Xinfeng , Liu Wengang , Jiang Xiaojun , Zhang Qiao , Wei Youyu
Published: July 2022

Aiming at the problems of intensified deformation and serious stress damage of stope overburden during mining in deep typical geological environment, taking the deep mining face of a mine in the northwest as the research background, the characteristics and influencing factors of overburden collapse in deep geological environment are analyzed, a comprehensive evaluation system affecting overburden instability and deformation is established, and the temporal and spatial evolution law of deep stope roof failure is obtained by using the “three-zone” distribution theory of overburden, analytic hierarchy process, and numerical simulation method. The results show that high ground stress has the most significant impact on the geological environment of deep stope, followed by the properties of surrounding rock, hydrogeological conditions, and unloading disturbance. The damage degree of the plastic zone at the top of the overburden is greater than that at the bottom. With the increase of mining time, the damage range of the roof and floor gradually increases. In the process of coal seam mining, the increasing range and sinking trend of roof stress are larger near the working face, and the farther away from the working face, the increasing range decreases continuously. The research conclusion provides an important reference for coal seam safety mining and surrounding rock control in complex environments such as deep mining, high stress, and strong disturbance.
Expression and Clinical Significance of Serum Krüppel-Like Factor 7 (KLF7) in NSCLC Patients
Authors: Song Huigai , Sun Jingjing , Xu Zhiming , Liu Xinru , Liu Na
Published: July 2022

Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a serious threat to the life and health of patients with high incidence rate and mortality. The present research was to assess the relationship between the serum Krüppel-like factor 7 (KLF7) level and the recurrence and metastasis of NSCLC patients. 150 patients with NSCLC treated by thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer in our hospital from January 2016 to February 2017 were selected. As the control group, 148 healthy people who went to the hospital for physical examination in the same period were screened. The expression levels of serum KLF7 in the observation group and the control group were compared and analyzed. According to the level of KLF7 expression, the patients in the observation group were divided into KLF7 high expression group (≥258.6 ng/L,

n

 =75) and KLF7 low expression group (<258.6 ng/L,

n

 =75). The 3-year recurrence and metastasis rate of patients in each group was compared and analyzed. It was found the concentration of serum KLF7 in peripheral blood of NSCLC (2.25 ± 0.65) ng/ml was significantly higher than that in healthy population (1.42 ± 0.38) ng/ml (

P
<
0.05

). The expression level of serum KLF7 was not related to gender, age, smoking history, and tumor diameter of NSCLC patients (

P
>
0.05

), but related to the degree of differentiation and TNM stage of NSCLC patients (

P
<
0.05

). Univariate analysis showed that the degree of differentiation, TNM stage, and KLF7 were significantly correlated with 3-year recurrence and metastasis of NSCLC patients (

P
<
0.05

). Cox regression analysis showed that low degree of differentiation, TNM stage IIIa, and KLF7 were independent risk factors for recurrence and metastasis in NSCLC patients in 3 years (

P
<
0.05

). Taken together, the expression level of serum KLF7 in patients with NSCLC is significantly increased, which is an independent risk factor for recurrence and metastasis in 3 years, and is worthy of clinical application.
«¿Quién confía en la policía?» Actitudes de los adolescentes hacia la autoridad policial
Authors: Piccirillo Debora , M. Mizutani Gomes Aline , Vilela Komatsu André
Published: July 2022

Las investigaciones han destacado la importancia de la confianza entre ciudadanos y autoridades para el reconocimiento de las leyes y el mantenimiento del orden democrático. Así que el objetivo de este artículo fue investigar los elementos que contribuyen a generar confianza en la policía. Se aplicó un cuestionario a 743 adolescentes de la ciudad de São Paulo, Brasil, y se realizó un análisis de regresión ordinal multinivel. Los resultados indican que los adolescentes de escuelas públicas y los que tienen un mayor número de experiencias indirectas con la policía confían menos en ella; en cambio, cuando creen en un trato justo y respetuoso, tienden a confiar más. Por lo tanto, adoptar una estrategia consensuada para trabajar con adolescentes puede ser una forma de construir lazos de confianza con la institución policial.
Da big idea ao big data em 10 anos do Cannes Lions: publicidade em tempos incertos
Authors: Alves Maria Cristina Dias
Published: July 2022

Este texto traz um olhar reflexivo e ao mesmo tempo propositivo sobre as transformações na publicidade contemporânea, tanto nos modos de fazer como nos modelos de negócio das agências. Trata-se de um recorte das minhas pesquisas de doutorado e de pós-doutorado, nas quais investigo as alterações nos processos criativos e o deslocamento de saberes e de poderes nas agências de publicidade brasileiras e europeias. Aqui, realizo uma breve análise dessas alterações a partir de uma pesquisa exploratória sobre as categorias de premiação do Cannes Lions (Festival Internacional de Criatividade), entre 2009 e 2019, a fim de verificar a fragmentação e a complexidade da atividade. Em 2020, o festival não ocorreu devido à pandemia de covid-19, mantendo palestras online e sendo retomado em 2021, de forma remota.
Counterfactual Thinking Made in a Relevant Choice and Negative Consequences
Authors: Muñoz-Olano Juan F. , Ruiz-Zapata Glenys J.
Published: July 2022

The counterfactual thinking cannot be only developed in early childhood, but it also could be a requirement for the causal reasoning. In this research a replica of German (1999) was made using counterfactual stories with Latin American kids between three and four years, demonstrating the possible main role counterfactual reasoning, by using computer animations. This was a different approach to the most recent made by Nyhout and Ganea (2020). Nonetheless, the participants of the study evidenced counterfactual reasoning to the relevant choice and the negative consequence conditions shown on the stories that represented the choices made by a starting role (McNemar, N = 40, k = 11.53, p = .001). Although some of the results were not totally conclusive under the analyzed conditions. Lastly, some possible not controlled effects are discussed from stories shown to the children, that could have motivated the counterfactual thinking.
Single nucleotide polymorphism markers in Heterorhabditis bacteriophora associated with virulence at low temperature
Authors: Godina Giulia , Kirsch Carlotta , Dörfler Verena , Barg Mike , Singh Phougeishangbam Rolish , Vandenbossche Bart , Strauch Olaf , Ehlers Ralf-Udo , Molina Carlos
Published: July 2022

The entomopathogenic nematode (EPN), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, is an important biological control agent worldwide. Industrially produced EPN need to meet the climatic requirements for the control of pests in field agriculture in autumn and spring when temperatures are low. For this trait (virulence at low temperature), previous EPN improvement attempts relied on phenotypic selection and the selected trait had low stability. The use of molecular markers can increase the efficacy of EPN breeding by tracking traits associated with specific genotypes. To date, fewer than 200 polymorphic and reproducible sequence-tagged molecular markers in H. bacteriophora have been reported. Here, we enhanced the palette of highly polymorphic genetic markers for this EPN by applying genotyping by sequencing (GBS). By analysing 48 H. bacteriophora homozygous wild-type inbred lines from different origins, we determined 4894 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with at least one polymorphism along the tested set. For validation, we designed robust PCR assays for seven SNPs, finding 95% correspondence with the expected genotypes along 294 analysed alleles. We phenotyped all lines for their virulence at low temperature (15°C) against mealworm and observed infectivity ranging from 38 to 80%. Further, we carried out association analyses between genotypic and phenotypic data and determined two SNPs yielding potential association with H. bacteriophora virulence at low temperature. The use of these candidate SNPs as breeding markers will speed up the generation of strains better adapted to low temperature in this species. The generated set of lines and SNP data are a versatile tool applicable for further traits in this EPN.
Variation in the Use of Diacritics in Modern Typeset Standard Arabic: A Theoretical and Descriptive Framework
Authors: Hallberg Andreas
Published: July 2022

The extent to which the diacritic layer (taškīl) of the Arabic writing system is employed in modern typeset text differs considerably between genres and individual texts, with many in-between forms not aptly captured by the traditional binary categories of “vowelled” and “unvowelled” text. This article is the first to present a theoretical account of this variation applicable to modern typeset Standard Arabic. It is suggested that diacritics serve three basic functions: facilitation of reading comprehension; facilitation of prescriptively correct diction; and to evoke associations with other texts. Six modes of diacritization in modern typeset text are identified and related to data on rates of diacritization from a corpus of electronically published books. Further lines of research based on this framework are suggested.
Fidei christianae delineatio brevis by Conradus Vorstius (1620)
Authors: Tromp Johannes
Published: July 2022

“A Brief Sketch of the Christian Faith,” published in 1632, was written by Conradus Vorstius in 1620, at the request of Johannes Uytenbogaert. Uytenbogaert needed a Confession for the Remonstrant Society he had just founded, and asked Vorstius to assist the committee that was established for its production. Vorstius, who at the time lived in difficult conditions, was unable to deliver a full text, but managed to provide this Sketch, which was subsequently used by Simon Episcopius to compose his famous Remonstrant Confession. Vorstius’s sketch was never intended for publication.
The Role of Missionaries from the Nederlandsche Zendingsvereeniging (NZV) in the Development of Public Health in Cirebon Residency 1864–1899
Authors: Sukamto Amos
Published: July 2022

In the second half of the 19th century, there was an outbreak of Malaria and Cholera in the Nederlandsch Indie region, including the Cirebon Residency. As a result, during epidemics, people died like rats. This was the situation faced by NZV missionaries. How did the NZV missionaries respond to this problem? By using the historical method, I found several facts that the NZV missionaries, especially Verhoeven, had contributed greatly to developing public health in the Cirebon Residency. Verhoeven through medical services was also able to arouse the philanthropic spirit of European entrepreneurs to establish an auxiliary hospital in Cideres and support monthly operational costs so that health services were provided free of charge.
Peasant Mobility and Migration Strategies in Early Modern South Bohemia
Authors: Grulich Josef
Published: July 2022

This article focuses on migration strategies as exemplified by the Bohemian estate of České Budějovice in the second half of the eighteenth century. Formally, until 1781, the peasant population in Bohemia was bound by serfdom, which has until recently been believed to have considerably curtailed its mobility. The research in this article is based mainly on letters releasing people from serfdom and on registers of births, marriages and deaths. The article seeks to explain the migration strategies of the inhabitants of villages located near a major urban centre. It examines the migrants’ motivations and how they sought to migrate while complying with legal constraints. It devotes particular attention to work and marriage migration, and discusses migration strategies against the background of how Early Modern Bohemian society functioned.
Two new species of Oxyethira Eaton 1873 (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) from Roraima state, Brazil
Authors: NETO JAIME DE LIEGE GAMA , PASSOS MAHEDY ARAUJO BASTOS
Published: July 2022

Two new species of Oxyethira from Brazil are described: Oxyethira (Dampfitrichia) jiquitaia sp. nov., and Oxyethira (Tanytrichia) librina sp. nov. Illustrations of male genitalia are provided with each description. These results increase the number of Oxyethira species in Brazil from 37 to 39.