bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Masterpieces of Greek Sculpture
Authors: Furtwängler Adolf
Published: November 2015

Adolf Furtwängler (1853–1907) was a prominent German archaeologist and art historian specialising in classical art. He was appointed assistant Director of the Königliche Museen zu Berlin in 1880, a position he held until 1894 when he was appointed professor of Classical Archaeology in Munich. He is best known for developing the Kopienkritik approach to studying Roman sculpture, which he introduces in this volume first published in 1885 and translated into English by Eugenie Strong in 1895. Kopienkritik is a methodology which assumes that Roman sculptures are copies of Greek originals, and that by studying the Roman copies the original Greek sculpture can be reconstructed. This approach dominated the study of classical sculpture in the twentieth century and remains influential despite repeated criticism. Furtwängler compares the styles of known classical Greek sculptors with Roman statues to uncover the original sculptor in this defining example of the Kopienkritic approach.
An Historical Collection of the Several Voyages and Discoveries in the South Pacific Ocean
Authors: Dalrymple Alexander
Published: November 2015

This important collection, published in two volumes in 1770–1 and reissued here in one, contains accounts of notable Iberian and Dutch voyages in the southern hemisphere, translated and edited by Alexander Dalrymple (1737–1808). Hydrographer to the Admiralty from 1795, Dalrymple produced this work as part of his research into the belief at the time that there existed an undiscovered continent in the South Pacific. These volumes were intended to demonstrate the knowledge of the region to date. The first volume covers sixteenth-century Spanish and Portuguese voyages, beginning with Ferdinand Magellan and including those of Juan Fernández, Álvaro de Mendaña y Neira and Pedro Fernandes de Queirós. The second volume contains the seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Dutch voyages of Jacob Le Mair and Willem Schouten, Abel Tasman and Jacob Roggeveen. This volume also contains a chronological table of discoveries in the southern hemisphere since 1501.
Ancient Gaza
Authors: Petrie William Matthew Flinders
Published: November 2015

A pioneering Egyptologist, Sir William Matthew Flinders Petrie (1853–1942) excavated over fifty sites and trained a generation of archaeologists. Now reissued in two volumes are the four excavation reports, published between 1931 and 1934, covering his extensive dig at Tell el-Ajjul in Palestine. The reports scrupulously record the finds of artefacts dating from the Copper Age and extending to the Hyksos period. Descriptions of the working party's struggles against malaria and the elements highlight Petrie's devotion to his work. Volume 1 combines the first two reports, first published in 1931 and 1932, and includes descriptions of various cemeteries, tombs, palaces and horse burials. Each report features a section of photographs and sketches of tombs, pottery, weapons and jewellery. Petrie wrote prolifically throughout his long career, and a great many of his Egyptological publications - for both specialists and non-specialists - are also reissued in this series.
A Glossary
Authors: Nares Robert
Published: November 2015

Originally published in 1822, Robert Nares' glossary of antiquated Elizabethan terms is the result of a personal interest in and love of Elizabethan literature. Nares (1753–1829), well known as a scholar and clergyman, was also a keen philologist and antiquary. This glossary was undertaken in his spare time, and compiled over forty years as he was often occupied with various academic and clerical duties, including founding the British Critic and editing it for twenty years (1793–1813), and becoming Keeper of Manuscripts at the British Museum (1799–1807). It has long been a useful guide for the 'average reader' (in his own words), as its several reprintings during the nineteenth century demonstrate. His love of the English language was reflected in his previous work, Elements of Orthoepy (1784), which concerned itself with ascertaining correct pronunciation from Shakespeare's time onwards and exploring contemporary variations in the language.
The Life and Times of James Catnach, (Late of Seven Dials), Ballad Monger
Authors: Hindley Charles
Published: November 2015

James Catnach (1792–1841) became famous for publishing satirical ballads and sensational accounts of famous murders in his daily broadsheets, first printed in his own home in Seven Dials, London. Capitalising on the turbulent times, Catnach grew rich on producing lurid descriptions of crimes and the trials and executions that followed them. His imagination occasionally over-stepped the mark; he was once jailed for libel after claiming that a local butcher made his sausages from human flesh. This sympathetic and entertaining biography of Catnach, first published in 1878 by London raconteur Charles Hindley (d. 1893), describes Catnach's rise to prominence and features numerous reproductions of his ballads and stories. It is a fascinating tale encompassing the development of early forms of mass media and the wider political and social currents of the time, and provides invaluable insights into popular culture in nineteenth-century London.
Der Occultismus des Altertums
Authors: Kiesewetter Karl
Published: November 2015

A leading German theosophical writer, Karl Kiesewetter (1854–95) published several influential works in the years just before his early death. They included a history of modern esotericism (1891), a biography of Mesmer (1893, also reissued in this series), studies of John Dee and of the Faust legend (both 1893), and this two-volume account of occult beliefs and practices in the ancient world (1895), which was completed by Ludwig Kuhlenbeck (1857–1920), a scholar of ancient philosophy and law. Volume 1 focuses on the civilisations of the ancient Near East, including Babylon, Persia, Egypt and Israel, and also contains a chapter on South Asia. Each general description is followed by more detailed investigations of particular aspects of that community, such as individuals (Zoroaster), practices (divination, healing and magic), teachings and texts (the Kabbalah and the Bundehesh), together with textual excerpts (in German translation).
Grammatik, Logik, und Psychologie
Authors: Steinthal Heymann
Published: November 2015

The German linguist and mythologist Heymann Steinthal (1823–99) taught at the University of Berlin (today Humboldt-University Berlin) and was especially engaged with Wilhelm von Humboldt and his linguistic works. He was a co-founder of the Berliner Gesellschaft für Anthropologie, Ethnologie und Urgeschichte (Berlin Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory). This innovatory volume, published in 1855, draws a connection between the disciplines of linguistics and psychology, and further relates them to the issue of logic. The three parts of the book deal with the nature of grammar, its relation to logic and the connection of grammar and linguistics to cognitive behaviour. Finally Steinthal discusses the idea of linguistics as ethnopsychology. Pursuing this concept, he, with his brother-in-law Moritz Lazarus, co-founded the journal Zeitschrift für Völkerpsychologie und Sprachwissenschaft (Journal for Ethnopsychology and Linguistics) in 1860, thus laying the foundations for a promising new area of research.
The Times on the American War
Authors: Stephen Leslie
Published: November 2015

The biographer and writer on philosophy, ethics and literature Leslie Stephen (1832–1904) was educated at Eton, King's College, London, and then Trinity College, Cambridge, where he remained as a fellow and a tutor for his entire career. He served as the first editor (1885–91) of the Dictionary of National Biography and in 1871 he became editor of the Cornhill Magazine. In this short piece, published in 1865, Stephen takes issue with the portrayal of the American Civil War (1861–5) by The Times. Having travelled to the United States himself in 1863, Stephen argues that the newspaper's depiction of the events in America is inaccurate, and both misinforms the public in Britain and damages Britain's reputation abroad. Also included in this reissue is a short article on the poet John Byrom (1692–1763), and an obituary of Henry Sidgwick (1838–1900), Stephen's personal friend.
Geschichte des Urchristenthums
Authors: Gfrörer August Friedrich
Published: November 2015

A keen student of theology, August Friedrich Gfrörer (1803–61) became professor of history at the University of Freiburg and also sat as a representative in the Frankfurt parliament, agitating for the reunification of Protestantism and Catholicism. This three-volume work, published in 1838, may be regarded as marking the modern period in the Christian study of Judaism. Gfrörer was the first scholar who attempted to recount the history of Palestinian Judaism at the time of Jesus by using primary source material and without pursuing an obvious apologetic or polemic agenda. More than 2,000 pages in length, the work is a formidable scholarly achievement of lasting value in the field of religious studies. Volume 1 accounts for first-century Jewish education and scholarship, and discusses the doctrine of revelation. The author also addresses the Jewish understanding of God and of spirits, angels and demons.
Geschichte des Urchristenthums
Authors: Gfrörer August Friedrich
Published: November 2015

A keen student of theology, August Friedrich Gfrörer (1803–61) became professor of history at the University of Freiburg and also sat as a representative in the Frankfurt parliament, agitating for the reunification of Protestantism and Catholicism. This three-volume work, published in 1838, may be regarded as marking the modern period in the Christian study of Judaism. Gfrörer was the first scholar who attempted to recount the history of Palestinian Judaism at the time of Jesus by using primary source material and without pursuing an obvious apologetic or polemic agenda. More than 2,000 pages in length, the work is a formidable scholarly achievement of lasting value in the field of religious studies. Volume 2 discusses the authenticity and literary character of the Gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke. According to Gfrörer, the Gospel of John has a distinct character which sets it apart from the other Gospels.
Geschichte des Urchristenthums
Authors: Gfrörer August Friedrich
Published: November 2015

A keen student of theology, August Friedrich Gfrörer (1803–61) became professor of history at the University of Freiburg and also sat as a representative in the Frankfurt parliament, agitating for the reunification of Protestantism and Catholicism. This three-volume work, published in 1838, may be regarded as marking the modern period in the Christian study of Judaism. Gfrörer was the first scholar who attempted to recount the history of Palestinian Judaism at the time of Jesus by using primary source material and without pursuing an obvious apologetic or polemic agenda. More than 2,000 pages in length, the work is a formidable scholarly achievement of lasting value in the field of religious studies. Volume 3 is dedicated to an exploration of the Gospel of John. According to Gfrörer, the dogma of God's transcendence is fundamental to both Judaism and Christianity, as told in the Gospel of John.
Geschichte von Böhmen
Authors: Palacký František
Published: November 2015

A highly influential Czech historian and politician, František Palacký (1798–1876) became in 1825 the first editor of the journal of the Bohemian Museum, a key cultural institution in the development of Czech nationalism. He was actively involved in the nineteenth-century Czech national revival, helping also to found the Czech national theatre. Entering politics in 1848, he served as president of the Prague Slavic Congress, and later became a member of the Austrian senate as a supporter of greater Czech autonomy. In this extensive work, comprising ten separate parts - published in German between 1836 and 1867 - Palacký gives a detailed account of Bohemian history until 1526. It remains an important and ambitious feat of scholarship, still relevant to students of central European history. The first part of Volume 3 (1845) covers the years 1378–1419, the period of King Wenceslaus IV's reign, up to the outbreak of the Hussite Wars.
Geschichte von Böhmen
Authors: Palacký František
Published: November 2015

A highly influential Czech historian and politician, František Palacký (1798–1876) became in 1825 the first editor of the journal of the Bohemian Museum, a key cultural institution in the development of Czech nationalism. He was actively involved in the nineteenth-century Czech national revival, helping also to found the Czech national theatre. Entering politics in 1848, he served as president of the Prague Slavic Congress, and later became a member of the Austrian senate as a supporter of greater Czech autonomy. In this extensive work, comprising ten separate parts - published in German between 1836 and 1867 - Palacký gives a detailed account of Bohemian history until 1526. It remains an important and ambitious feat of scholarship, still relevant to students of central European history. The third part of Volume 3 (1854) deals with the first years of the Council of Basel from 1431 to 1439.
The Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church
Authors: Abbot of Eynsham Ælfric
Published: November 2015

The writings of Ælfric of Eynsham (c.950–c.1010) are among the most important to survive from Anglo-Saxon England. He was shaped by tenth-century monastic reform, and his promotion of Old English was highly influential. His earliest known works, the Sermones Catholici (c.990–5), are adaptations of Latin texts rendered in Old English. The homilies draw on the gospels, saints' lives and other doctrinal themes. They were intended to be delivered over two years. This two-volume collection, first published between 1844 and 1846, contains transcriptions of the Old English texts with facing-page translations by Benjamin Thorpe (1781/2–1870). A well-respected scholar with a strong interest in promoting the study of Old English, Thorpe produced an important edition of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for the Rolls Series (also reissued in this series). Volume 1 of the present work contains the sermons for the first year, focusing on important events in the church calendar.
Knowledge and the Public Interest, 1575–1725
Authors: Keller Vera
Published: November 2015

Many studies relate modern science to modern political and economic thought. Using one shift in order to explain the other, however, has begged the question of modernity's origins. New scientific and political reasoning emerged simultaneously as controversial forms of probabilistic reasoning. Neither could ground the other. They both rejected logical systems in favor of shifting, incomplete, and human-oriented forms of knowledge which did not meet accepted standards of speculative science. This study follows their shared development by tracing one key political stratagem for linking human desires to the advancement of knowledge: the collaborative wish list. Highly controversial at the beginning of the seventeenth century, charismatic desiderata lists spread across Europe, often deployed against traditional sciences. They did not enter the academy for a century but eventually so shaped the deep structures of research that today this once controversial genre appears to be a musty and even pedantic term of art.
A History of Egypt under the Pharaohs, Derived Entirely from the Monuments
Authors: Brugsch Heinrich Karl
Published: November 2015

The most lasting achievement of the German Egyptologist Heinrich Karl Brugsch (1827–94) is perhaps his work on the Egyptian demotic script, which had been relatively neglected since Champollion's death. This illustrated two-volume history of Egypt, 'derived entirely from the monuments', was first published in an English translation (by H. D. Seymour, from the 1876 first German edition, and edited by Philip Smith) in 1879. Brugsch brings to bear his wide experience of the archaeological sites together with his linguistic expertise, and deliberately eschews later Greek and Roman accounts of Egypt. Volume 1 gives a detailed survey of the physical environment of Egypt before considering the pre-dynastic period, and the emergence of Menes, the first known pharaoh. He then takes the narrative through the Old and Middle Kingdoms, and the intermediate period, to the emergence of the New Kingdom and the flowering and end of the Eighteenth Dynasty.
A History of Egypt under the Pharaohs, Derived Entirely from the Monuments
Authors: Brugsch Heinrich Karl
Published: November 2015

The most lasting achievement of the German Egyptologist Heinrich Karl Brugsch (1827–94) is perhaps his work on the Egyptian demotic script, which had been relatively neglected since Champollion's death. This two-volume illustrated history of Egypt, 'derived entirely from the monuments', was first published in an English translation (by H. D. Seymour, from the 1876 first German edition, and edited by Philip Smith) in 1879. Brugsch brings to bear his wide experience of the archaeological sites together with his linguistic expertise, and deliberately eschews later Greek and Roman accounts of Egypt. Volume 2 covers the period from the Nineteenth Dynasty, the time of the empire's widest extent under Seti I and Rameses II, through the later decline and disintegration, with ruling dynasties from Nubia and Assyria, to the Persian conquest in 525 BCE. An appendix discusses the biblical account of Exodus in the context of Egyptian material remains.
Psychology of the Digital Age
Authors: Suler John R.
Published: November 2015

Based on two decades of participant-observation field research in diverse online environments, this engaging book offers insights for improving lifestyles and enhancing wellbeing in the digital age. John Suler, a founder of the field of cyberpsychology, explains its fundamental principles across a wide variety of topics, including online identity management, disinhibition, communication via text and photographs, intimacy and misunderstandings in online relationships, conflicting attitudes toward social media, addiction, deviant behavior, virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and media overload. He provides a new framework, the 'Eight Dimensions of Cyberpsychology Architecture', which researchers, students, and general readers interested in cyberpsychology can apply as a valuable tool for creating and understanding different digital realms. Psychology of the Digital Age focuses on the individual, shedding new light on our conscious as well as subconscious reactions to online experiences and our intrinsic human need to self-actualize.
The Medieval Presence in Modernist Literature
Authors: Ullyot Jonathan
Published: November 2015

Jonathan Ullyot's The Medieval Presence in Modernist Literature rethinks the influence that early medieval studies and Grail narratives had on modernist literature. Through examining several canonical works, from Henry James' The Golden Bowl to Samuel Beckett's Molloy, Ullyot argues that these texts serve as a continuation of the Grail legend inspired by medieval scholarship of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Rather than adapt the story of the Grail, modernist writers intentionally failed to make the Grail myth cohere, thus critiquing the way a literary work establishes its authority by alluding to previous traditions. While the quest to fail is a modernist ethic often misconceived as a pessimistic response to the collapse of traditional humanism, the modernist writings of Eliot, Kafka, and Céline posit that the possibility of redemption presents itself only when hope has finally been abandoned.
Sheaves and Functions Modulo p
Authors: Taelman Lenny
Published: November 2015

The Woods Hole trace formula is a Lefschetz fixed-point theorem for coherent cohomology on algebraic varieties. It leads to a version of the sheaves-functions dictionary of Deligne, relating characteristic-p-valued functions on the rational points of varieties over finite fields to coherent modules equipped with a Frobenius structure. This book begins with a short introduction to the homological theory of crystals of Böckle and Pink with the aim of introducing the sheaves-functions dictionary as quickly as possible, illustrated with elementary examples and classical applications. Subsequently, the theory and results are expanded to include infinite coefficients, L-functions, and applications to special values of Goss L-functions and zeta functions. Based on lectures given at the Morningside Center in Beijing in 2013, this book serves as both an introduction to the Woods Hole trace formula and the sheaves-functions dictionary, and to some advanced applications on characteristic p zeta values.
New insights into the fine-scale structure of turbulence
Authors: Wilczek Michael
Published: November 2015

In a recent study, Lawson & Dawson (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 780, 2015, pp. 60–98) present experimental results on the fine-scale structure of turbulence, which are obtained with a novel variant of particle image velocimetry, to elucidate the relation between the small-scale structure, dynamics and statistics of turbulence. The results are carefully validated against direct numerical simulation data. Their extensive study focuses on the mean structure of the velocity gradient and the pressure Hessian fields for various small-scale flow topologies. It thereby reveals the dynamical impact of turbulent strain and vorticity structures on the velocity gradient statistics through non-local interactions, and points out ways to improve low-dimensional closure models for the dynamics of small-scale turbulence.
Propagation of a viscous thin film over an elastic membrane
Authors: Zheng Zhong , Griffiths Ian M. , Stone Howard A.
Published: November 2015

We study the buoyancy-driven spreading of a thin viscous film over a thin elastic membrane. Neglecting the effects of membrane bending and the membrane weight, we study the case of constant fluid injection and obtain a system of coupled partial differential equations to describe the shape of the air–liquid interface, and the deformation and radial tension of the stretched membrane. We obtain self-similar solutions to describe the dynamics. In particular, in the early-time period, the dynamics is dominated by buoyancy-driven spreading of the liquid film, and membrane stretching is a response to the buoyancy-controlled distribution of liquid weight; the location of the liquid front obeys the power-law form $r_{f}(t)\propto t^{1/2}$. However, in the late-time period, the system is quasi-steady, the air–liquid interface is flat, and membrane stretching, due to the liquid weight, causes the spreading of the liquid front; the location of the front obeys a different power-law form $r_{f}(t)\propto t^{1/4}$ before the edge effects of the membrane become significant. In addition, we report laboratory experiments for constant fluid injection using different viscous liquids and thin elastic membranes. Very good agreement is obtained between the theoretical predictions and experimental observations.
Assessing Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Patients with Idiopathic Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder
Authors: Ge Jingjie , Wu Ping , Peng Shichun , Yu Huan , Zhang Huiwei , Guan Yihui , Eidelberg David , Zuo Chuantao , Ma Yilong , Wang Jian
Published: November 2015

Correction to: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism advance online publication, 29 July 2015; doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2015.173.

Following the online publication of this article, the authors noted that the order of the appearance of affiliations and the information of the correspondence were placed incorrectly. The affiliations of the authors and the order of the correspondence have been reordered as follows:

Jingjie Ge2,4, Ping Wu2,4, Shichun Peng3, Huan Yu1, Huiwei Zhang2, Yihui Guan2, David Eidelberg3, Chuantao Zuo2, Yilong Ma3,5, Jian Wang1,5

1Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; 2PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China and 3Center for Neurosciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, New York, USA.

Correspondence: Dr J Wang, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai 200040, China or Dr Y Ma, Center for Neurosciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York 11030, USA.

4These authors contributed equally to this work.

5These authors shared senior authorship.

E-mail: wangjian336@hotmail.com or yma@nshs.edu
A hot-electron thermophotonic solar cell demonstrated by thermal up-conversion of sub-bandgap photons
Authors: Farrell Daniel J. , Sodabanlu Hassanet , Wang Yunpeng , Sugiyama Masakazu , Okada Yoshitaka
Published: November 2015

The direct conversion of solar energy to electricity can be broadly separated into two main categories: photovoltaics and thermal photovoltaics, where the former utilizes gradients in electrical potential and the latter thermal gradients. Conventional thermal photovoltaics has a high theoretical efficiency limit (84%) but in practice cannot be easily miniaturized and is limited by the engineering challenges of sustaining large (>1,000 K) temperature gradients. Here we show a hot-carrier-based thermophotonic solar cell, which combines the compact nature of photovoltaic devices with the potential to reach the high-efficiency regime of thermal photovoltaics. In the device, a thermal gradient of 500 K is established by hot electrons, under Stokes illumination, rather than by raising the temperature of the material itself. Under anti-Stokes (sub-bandgap) illumination we observe a thermal gradient of ∼20 K, which is maintained by steady-state Auger heating of carriers and corresponds to a internal thermal up-conversion efficiency of 30% between the collector and solar cell.
A comparative genomics and reductive dehalogenase gene transcription study of two chloroethene-respiring bacteria, Dehalococcoides mccartyi strains MB and 11a
Authors: Low Adrian , Shen Zhiyong , Cheng Dan , Rogers Matthew J. , Lee Patrick K. H. , He Jianzhong
Published: November 2015

Genomes of two trichloroethene (TCE)-respiring Dehalococcoides (Dhc) mccartyi, strains MB and 11a, were sequenced to identify reductive dehalogenases (RDase) responsible for oraganohalide respiration. Transcription analyses were conducted to verify the roles of RDase subunit A genes (rdhA) in chloroethene respiration. Some interesting features of the strain MB draft genome include a large genome size, two CRISPR-cas type I systems and 38 rdhA genes. Strain 11a has a stream-lined genome with 11 rdhA genes, of which nine are distinct. Quantitative real-time PCR transcription analysis of RDase gene transcripts showed that a single RDase gene, designated mbrA, was up-regulated upon exposure to TCE and no other RDase genes were considerably expressed in strain MB. A single RDase gene, designated vcrA, was up-regulated upon exposure to TCE and expressed at a steady level until all chloroethenes were completely dechlorinated to ethene at 147 h in strain 11a. Overall, this study reports the genomes of two distinct Dhc strains; both contain numerous uncharacterized RDase genes, but in each strain only one such gene was expressed highly during organohalide respiration.
Synthetic Tet-inducible artificial microRNAs targeting β-catenin or HIF-1α inhibit malignant phenotypes of bladder cancer cells T24 and 5637
Authors: Zhan Yonghao , Liu Yuchen , Lin Junhao , Fu Xing , Zhuang Chengle , Liu Li , Xu Wen , Li Jianfa , Chen Mingwei , Zhao Guoping , Huang Weiren , Cai Zhiming
Published: November 2015

Ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) based on microRNA (miRNA) may provide efficient and safe therapeutic opportunities. However, natural microRNAs can not easily be regulated and usually cause few phenotypic changes. Using the engineering principles of synthetic biology, we provided a novel and standard platform for the generation of tetracycline (Tet)-inducible vectors that express artificial microRNAs in a dosage-dependent manner. The vector generates a Pol II promoter-mediated artificial microRNA which was flanked by ribozyme sequences. In order to prove the utility of this platform, we chose β-catenin and HIF-1α as the functional targets and used the bladder cancer cell lines 5637 and T24 as the test models. We found that the Tet-inducible artificial microRNAs can effectively silence the target genes and their downstream genes and induce anti-cancer effects in the two bladder cancer cell lines. These devices can inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis and suppress migration of the bladder cancer cell lines 5637 and T24. The Tet-inducible synthetic artificial microRNAs may represent a kind of novel therapeutic strategies for treating human bladder cancer.
An ionic liquid-based microextraction method for highly selective and sensitive trace determination of nickel in environmental and biological samples
Authors: Moalla Sayed M. N. , Amin Alaa S.
Published: November 2015

Nickel was complexed with BTAHQ at pH 4.0. The IL-DLLME procedure was performed by using a few mL of [C6mim][PF6] as the extractant while methanol was the disperser solvent. The Ni-enriched RTIL phase was solubilized in methanol and the absorbance atλmax682 was directly measured against a reagent blank similarly prepared.
The role of Jahn–Teller distortion in insulator to semiconductor phase transition in organic–inorganic hybrid compound (p-chloroanilinium)2CuCl4at high pressure
Authors: Ghalsasi Pallavi , Garg Nandini , Deo M. N. , Garg Alka , Mande Hemant , Ghalsasi Prasanna , Sharma Surinder M.
Published: November 2015

The captions for pressure values are not centered below each micrograph.
Mn(ii) tags for DEER distance measurements in proteins via C–S attachment
Authors: Martorana Andrea , Yang Yin , Zhao Yu , Li Qing-Feng , Su Xun-Cheng , Goldfarb Daniella
Published: November 2015

Tags for Mn2+–Mn2+ distance measurements in proteins with a short and stable linker that generate narrow distance distributions were developed.
The non-planarity of the benzene molecule in the X-ray structure of the chelated bismuth(iii) heteroboroxine complex is not supported by quantum mechanical calculations
Authors: Fanfrlík Jindřich , Sedlak Robert , Pecina Adam , Rulíšek Lubomír , Dostál Libor , Moncóľ Ján , Růžička Aleš , Hobza Pavel
Published: November 2015

The competition of two σ-hole(Bi)⋯π interactions is responsible for disorder of the benzene moiety in the crystal of bismuth(iii) heteroboroxine–benzene complex.
Base-free aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid over a Pt/C–O–Mg catalyst
Authors: Han Xuewang , Geng Liang , Guo Yong , Jia Rong , Liu Xiaohui , Zhang Yongguang , Wang Yanqin
Published: November 2015

Base-free aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) was realized successfully based on the design of a novel Pt/C–O–Mg catalyst.
Synthesis of silver nanoparticle-loaded sulfadiazine/polyvinyl alcohol nanorods and their antibacterial activities
Authors: Li Ping , Xu Xiangmin , Wu Longlong , Li Binjie , Zhao Yanbao
Published: November 2015

Silver nanoparticle-loaded sulfadiazine/polyvinyl alcohol nanorods (Ag-SD/PVA NRs) were successfully synthesized in an ammonia solution, and were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM and TEM.
Nanodiamond based supermolecular nanocomposites: preparation and biocompatibility evaluation
Authors: Liu Meiying , Xu Dazhuang , Wang Ke , Deng Fengjie , Wan Qing , Zeng Guangjian , Huang Qiang , Zhang Xiaoyong , Wei Yen
Published: November 2015

We reported for the first time that water dispersible and biocompatible ND based supermolecular nanocomposites can be facilely and efficiently fabricated via host–guest interactions.
Gender-specific metabolic responses in focal cerebral ischemia of rats and Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction treatment
Authors: Zhang Qian , Guo Pingping , Wang Junsong , Yang Minghua , Kong Lingyi
Published: November 2015

1H NMR based metabolomics approach combined with biochemical, histological and immunohistochemistry observations was successfully applied to explore gender-specific metabolic differences in ischemic stroke and the protective effect of HLJDD.
Microwave-assisted telescoped cross metathesis-ring closing aza-Michael reaction sequence: step-economical access to nicotine–lobeline hybrid analogues
Authors: Drège E. , Oko J. , Venot P.-E. , Gigant N. , Joseph D.
Published: November 2015

Step-economical access to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ligands hybrids through an efficient telescoped cross-metathesis/cyclizing aza-Michael addition involving N-heteroaromatic olefinic derivatives.
Porosity effect on ZrO2 hollow shells and hydrothermal stability for catalytic steam reforming of methane
Authors: Lim Zi-Yian , Wu Chunzheng , Wang Wei Guo , Choy Kwang-Leong , Yin Hongfeng
Published: November 2015

This work reports the development of a Ni@yolk-ZrO2 catalyst, which could be a potential solution to tackling challenges in hydrogen production.
Receptor-targeting fluorescence imaging and theranostics using a graphene oxide based supramolecular glycocomposite
Authors: Ji Ding-Kun , Zhang Yue , Zang Yi , Liu Wang , Zhang Xiongwen , Li Jia , Chen Guo-Rong , James Tony D. , He Xiao-Peng
Published: November 2015

We describe the construction of a supramolecular, graphene oxide (GO)-based glycocomposite for receptor-targeting theranostics.
Cognitive Dysphagia and Effectively Managing The Five Systems
Authors: Winchester Jeanna , Winchester Carol G.
Published: November 2015

In order for a person to swallow safely and effectively, five bodily systems must work in coordination. Dysphagia occurs when there is a breakdown in one or more of these systems: neurological (NeuroDys), cognitive (CogDys), muscular (MuscDys), respiratory (RespDys), and gastrointestinal (GIDys). The present perspective discusses cognitive decline preceding or concurrently degrading mechanisms of the swallow. We put forth current evidence supporting the premise that cognitive decline can cause dysphagia, and that dysphagia can cause cognitive decline through the exploration of anatomy, physiology, cellular architecture, basic homeostatic mechanisms, metabolism, and nutrition. Additionally, this perspective distinguishes CogDys from NeuroDys and provides an overview of the remaining systems. These types of dysphagia comprise a bi-directional, constantly evolving relationship in which cognition can affect neurological function, and the reverse can be true. We propose literature-driven conclusions and further discussion into considerations for certified nursing assistants, medical physicians, speech-language pathologists, occupational therapists, & physical therapists in effective dysphagia management.
Exploring spontaneous-event marking though parallel corpora
Authors: Nordrum Lene
Published: November 2015

English ergative verbs in one-participant constructions such as ‘the door opens’ often correspond to reflexive verbs or -S forms in Norwegian and Swedish. Following Kemmer (1993), such constructions profile spontaneous-event meaning and belong to the middle domain. This study uses corpus methodology to explore spontaneous-event marking in Norwegian and Swedish from the point of view of Kemmer’s suggested two-cycle development path for middle marking in the Scandinavian languages. The results suggest that there are differences in the middle systems in the Scandinavian languages to the effect that Norwegian has completed Kemmer’s two cycles, whereas Swedish has not. Further, there is tentative indication that ergative verbs are on the increase in both Norwegian and Swedish for certain Subjects and in discipline-specific contexts, possibly due to influence from English.
Fast Optimized Cluster Algorithm for Localizations (FOCAL): a spatial cluster analysis for super-resolved microscopy
Authors: Mazouchi A. , Milstein J. N.
Published: November 2015

Motivation: Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) microscopy provides images of cellular structure at a resolution an order of magnitude below what can be achieved by conventional diffraction limited techniques. The concomitantly larger data sets generated by SMLM require increasingly efficient image analysis software. Density based clustering algorithms, with the most ubiquitous being DBSCAN, are commonly used to quantitatively assess sub-cellular assemblies. DBSCAN, however, is slow, scaling with the number of localizations like O(n log (n)) at best, and it’s performance is highly dependent upon a subjectively selected choice of parameters.

Results: We have developed a grid-based clustering algorithm FOCAL, which explicitly accounts for several dominant artifacts arising in SMLM image reconstructions. FOCAL is fast and efficient, scaling like O(n), and only has one set parameter. We assess DBSCAN and FOCAL on experimental dSTORM data of clusters of eukaryotic RNAP II and PALM data of the bacterial protein H-NS, then provide a detailed comparison via simulation. FOCAL performs comparable and often superior to DBSCAN while yielding a significantly faster analysis. Additionally, FOCAL provides a novel method for filtering out of focus clusters from complex SMLM images.

Availability and implementation: The data and code are available at: http://www.utm.utoronto.ca/milsteinlab/resources/Software/FOCAL/

Contact:  josh.milstein@utoronto.ca

Supplementary information:  Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
meRanTK: methylated RNA analysis ToolKit
Authors: Rieder Dietmar , Amort Thomas , Kugler Elisabeth , Lusser Alexandra , Trajanoski Zlatko
Published: November 2015

Summary: The significance and function of posttranscriptional cytosine methylation in poly(A)RNA attracts great interest but is still poorly understood. High-throughput sequencing of RNA treated with bisulfite (RNA-BSseq) or subjected to enrichment techniques like Aza-IP or miCLIP enables transcriptome wide studies of this particular modification at single base pair resolution. However, to date, there are no specialized software tools available for the analysis of RNA-BSseq or Aza-IP data. Therefore, we developed meRanTK, the first publicly available tool kit which addresses the special demands of high-throughput RNA cytosine methylation data analysis. It provides fast and easy to use splice-aware bisulfite sequencing read mapping, comprehensive methylation calling and identification of differentially methylated cytosines by statistical analysis of single- and multi-replicate experiments. Application of meRanTK to RNA-BSseq or Aza-IP data produces accurate results in standard compliant formats.

Availability and Implementation: meRanTK, source code and test data are released under the GNU GPLv3+ license and are available at http://icbi.at/software/meRanTK/.

Contact:  dietmar.rieder@i-med.ac.at
Prolonged Operative Time to Extubation Is Not a Useful Metric for Comparing the Performance of Individual Anesthesia Providers
Authors: Bayman Emine Ozgur , Dexter Franklin , Todd Michael M.
Published: November 2015

AbstractAbstract

In a review of over 27,000 anesthetics in a university practice, approximately 20% of extubations were prolonged, with 95% confidence bounds spanning less than 1%. By a frequentist approach on this small variance data set, 40% of individual anesthesiologists were outliers, whereas with a Bayesian approach only 1% were. Focusing on changing extubation times only for practitioners who were outliers would have minimal effect on operating room workflow.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

Background

One anesthesiologist performance metric is the incidence of “prolonged” (15 min or longer after dressing complete) times to extubation. The authors used several methods to identify the performance outliers and assess whether targeting these outliers for reduction could improve operating room workflow.

Methods

Time to extubation data were retrieved for 27,757 anesthetics and 81 faculty anesthesiologists. Provider-specific incidences of prolonged extubation were assessed by using unadjusted frequentist statistics and a Bayesian model adjusted for prone positioning, American Society of Anesthesiologist’s base units, and case duration.

Results

20.31% of extubations were “prolonged,” and 40% of anesthesiologists were identified as outliers using a frequentist approach, that is, incidence greater than upper 95% CI (20.71%). With an adjusted Bayesian model, only one anesthesiologist was deemed an outlier. If an average anesthesiologist performed all extubations, the incidence of prolonged extubations would change negligibly (to 20.67%). If the anesthesiologist with the highest incidence of prolonged extubations was replaced with an average anesthesiologist, the change was also negligible (20.01%). Variability among anesthesiologists in the incidence of prolonged extubations was significantly less than among other providers.

Conclusions

Bayesian methodology with covariate adjustment is better suited to performance monitoring than an unadjusted, nonhierarchical frequentist approach because it is less likely to identify individuals spuriously as outliers. Targeting outliers in an effort to alter operating room activities is unlikely to have an operational impact (although monitoring may serve other purposes). If change is deemed necessary, it must be made by improving the average behavior of everyone and by focusing on anesthesia providers rather than on faculty.
Team dynamics, clinical work satisfaction, and patient care coordination between primary care providers
Authors: Song Hummy , Ryan Molly , Tendulkar Shalini , Fisher Josephine , Martin Julia , Peters Antoinette S. , Frolkis Joseph P. , Rosenthal Meredith B. , Chien Alyna T. , Singer Sara J.
Published: November 2015

Background:

Team-based care is essential for delivering high-quality, comprehensive, and coordinated care. Despite considerable research about the effects of team-based care on patient outcomes, few studies have examined how team dynamics relate to provider outcomes.

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to examine relationships among team dynamics, primary care provider (PCP) clinical work satisfaction, and patient care coordination between PCPs in 18 Harvard-affiliated primary care practices participating in Harvard’s Academic Innovations Collaborative.

Methodology:

First, we administered a cross-sectional survey to all 548 PCPs (267 attending clinicians, 281 resident physicians) working at participating practices; 65% responded. We assessed the relationship of team dynamics with PCPs’ clinical work satisfaction and perception of patient care coordination between PCPs, respectively, and the potential mediating effect of patient care coordination on the relationship between team dynamics and work satisfaction. In addition, we embedded a qualitative evaluation within the quantitative evaluation to achieve a convergent mixed methods design to help us better understand our findings and illuminate relationships among key variables.

Findings:

Better team dynamics were positively associated with clinical work satisfaction and quality of patient care coordination between PCPs. Coordination partially mediated the relationship between team dynamics and satisfaction for attending clinicians, suggesting that higher satisfaction depends, in part, on better teamwork, yielding more coordinated patient care. We found no mediating effects for resident physicians. Qualitative results suggest that sources of satisfaction from positive team dynamics for PCPs may be most relevant to attending clinicians.

Practice Implications:

Improving primary care team dynamics could improve clinical work satisfaction among PCPs and patient care coordination between PCPs. In addition to improving outcomes that directly concern health care providers, efforts to improve aspects of team dynamics may also help resolve critical challenges in workforce planning in primary care.
Structural basis for substrate recognition by the human N-terminal methyltransferase 1
Authors: Dong Cheng , Mao Yunfei , Tempel Wolfram , Qin Su , Li Li , Loppnau Peter , Huang Rong , Min Jinrong
Published: November 2015

α-N-terminal methylation represents a highly conserved and prevalent post-translational modification, yet its biological function has remained largely speculative. The recent discovery of α-N-terminal methyltransferase 1 (NTMT1) and its physiological substrates propels the elucidation of a general role of α-N-terminal methylation in mediating DNA-binding ability of the modified proteins. The phenotypes, observed from both NTMT1 knockdown in breast cancer cell lines and knockout mouse models, suggest the potential involvement of α-N-terminal methylation in DNA damage response and cancer development. In this study, we report the first crystal structures of human NTMT1 in complex with cofactor S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) and six substrate peptides, respectively, and reveal that NTMT1 contains two characteristic structural elements (a β hairpin and an N-terminal extension) that contribute to its substrate specificity. Our complex structures, coupled with mutagenesis, binding, and enzymatic studies, also present the key elements involved in locking the consensus substrate motif XPK (X indicates any residue type other than D/E) into the catalytic pocket for α-N-terminal methylation and explain why NTMT1 prefers an XPK sequence motif. We propose a catalytic mechanism for α-N-terminal methylation. Overall, this study gives us the first glimpse of the molecular mechanism of α-N-terminal methylation and potentially contributes to the advent of therapeutic agents for human diseases associated with deregulated α-N-terminal methylation.
The bacterial cell cycle regulator GcrA is a σ70 cofactor that drives gene expression from a subset of methylated promoters
Authors: Haakonsen Diane L. , Yuan Andy H. , Laub Michael T.
Published: November 2015

Cell cycle progression in most organisms requires tightly regulated programs of gene expression. The transcription factors involved typically stimulate gene expression by binding specific DNA sequences in promoters and recruiting RNA polymerase. Here, we found that the essential cell cycle regulator GcrA in Caulobacter crescentus activates the transcription of target genes in a fundamentally different manner. GcrA forms a stable complex with RNA polymerase and localizes to almost all active σ70-dependent promoters in vivo but activates transcription primarily at promoters harboring certain DNA methylation sites. Whereas most transcription factors that contact σ70 interact with domain 4, GcrA interfaces with domain 2, the region that binds the −10 element during strand separation. Using kinetic analyses and a reconstituted in vitro transcription assay, we demonstrated that GcrA can stabilize RNA polymerase binding and directly stimulate open complex formation to activate transcription. Guided by these studies, we identified a regulon of ∼200 genes, providing new insight into the essential functions of GcrA. Collectively, our work reveals a new mechanism for transcriptional regulation, and we discuss the potential benefits of activating transcription by promoting RNA polymerase isomerization rather than recruitment exclusively.