bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impatiens zhaojueensis (Balsaminaceae) sp. nov. from Sichuan, China
Authors: Qiang Luo , Ying Yuan , Hong Chen
Published: January 2023

This paper describes and illustrates the morphological traits of Impatiens zhaojueensis Q. Luo (Balsaminaceae), a new species from the Sichuan Province of southwestern China. Using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), the micromorphological characteristics of its pollen grains and seeds are also described. The new species is closely related to Impatiens baishaensis, but it has larger flowers, obround dorsal petals, somewhat clawed lateral united petals, obround or obround‐dolabriform distal lobes and the ornamentation on the pollen grains has wider meshes.
Changes in phenology can alter patterns of natural selection: the joint evolution of germination time and postgermination traits
Authors: D'Aguillo Michelle , Donohue Kathleen
Published: January 2023

The timing of a developmental transition (phenology) can influence the environment experienced by subsequent life stages. When phenology causes an organism to occupy a particular habitat as a consequence of the developmental cues used, it can act as a form of habitat tracking. Evolutionary theory predicts that habitat tracking can alter the strength, direction, and mode of natural selection on subsequently expressed traits.

To test whether germination phenology altered natural selection on postgermination traits, we manipulated germination time by planting seedlings in seven germination cohorts spanning 2 yr. We measured selection on postgermination traits relating to drought, freezing, and heat tolerance using a diverse combination of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants and naturally occurring ecotypes.

Germination cohorts experienced variable selection: when dry, cold, and hot environments were experienced by seedlings, selection was intensified for drought, freezing, and heat tolerance, respectively. Reciprocally, postgermination traits modified the optimal germination time; genotypes had maximum fitness after germinating in environments that matched their physiological tolerances.

Our results support the theoretical predictions of feedbacks between habitat tracking and traits expressed after habitat selection. In natural populations, whether phenological shifts alter selection on subsequently expressed traits will depend on the effectiveness of habitat tracking through phenology.
On fairness and efficiency in nonprofit operations: Dynamic resource allocations
Authors: Ma Yuanzheng , Wang Tong , Zheng Huan
Published: January 2023

We study a sequential resource allocation problem balancing fairness and efficiency for nonprofit operations. (Un)fairness is measured by the expected maximum demand shortfall among all communities, and (in)efficiency is measured by the expected remaining resources after allocation. We characterize the optimal allocation policy as a two‐threshold policy in which the optimal allocation quantities are spoon‐shaped in terms of the current maximum demand shortfall. We further show that the thresholds and optimal allocation quantity for each community are nondecreasing in resource levels, realized demand from the current community, and weight of the efficiency objective. Based on these results, we propose a simple heuristic policy and numerically show that it performs well and generates fair allocations in a stochastic majorization order. The numerical results show that adding a small weight to the fairness objective significantly improves the system's fairness at a small efficiency cost. Moreover, the optimal initial capacity level is increasing (decreasing) in demand variance if the efficiency weight is small (large). Our theoretical analysis can be extended to the fill rate–based fairness metric.
Coordinating traditional media advertising and online advertising in brand marketing
Authors: Kim Alex Jiyoung , Balachander Subramanian
Published: January 2023

Researchers in the marketing and operations management literature have investigated the issue of making optimal media planning decisions for advertising. Brand marketers have recently begun using online intent advertising (OIA), which is online advertising such as search or display advertising targeted at consumer intent, for brand building. Unlike traditional media advertising, OIA is sold through an auction of indicators of consumer intent such as keyword phrases. This practice raises questions about how media planners should incorporate OIA in their decision making. We analyze this critical issue using a model of horizontally differentiated competing firms. Our analysis finds that traditional advertising spending strategically affects online ad bids in a way that is new to the literature. We find that even when traditional and OIA have similar benefits, a firm may optimally bid more for OIA per consumer reached than the maximum cost it would pay for reaching a consumer in a world with only traditional media. We also find that interestingly, a firm may be willing to pay more for traditional advertising when OIA is an option than when it is unavailable.
Pollinator and pollination mechanism of Impatiens furcillata (Balsaminaceae) in Korea
Authors: SEO Seung-Yong , HONG Hang-Hwa , IM Hyoung-Tak
Published: January 2023

An effective pollinator was investigated based on visiting insects to confirm the pollination mechanism of Impatiens furcillata Hemsl. (cheo-jin-mul-bong-seon), an annual herb that is also a species endemic to Korea that has hardly been studied in relation to pollination ecology. The insects that visited the group of I. furcillata studied here consisted of four orders, 11 families, and 16 species; Hymenoptera had seven species (43.8%), Lepidoptera had four (25.0%), Diptera four (25.0%), and Hemiptera one (6.2%). Visiting insects were divided into those that took only nectar, those that took nectar and pollen, and those that took neither. Insects that are effective for pollination are judged considering the length and body type of their mouth parts, and Amegilla florea Smith (huin-jul-beol) is judged to be the most effective pollinator in the survey area. As a result of observing pollination behavior, when visiting a flower, A. florea, which extended its glossa, approached the front, landed on a wing petal of I. furcillata, crawled into the flower tube, and then backed up and reversed its steps, with pollen adhered to its back. The findings here present basic information about species biology related to both I. furcillata and A. florea.
Somatic chromosome numbers of four Eleocharis taxa from Korean populations (Cyperaceae)
Authors: CHUNG Kyong-Sook , LEE Chang Shook , KIM Jung-Hyun
Published: January 2023

Eleocharis R. Br. (Cyperaceae) is characterized by unbranched culms, one terminal spikelet, bisexual flowers, and bristly perianths, occurring mainly in circumboreal marshes and wetlands. There are about 250 species worldwide, and 15 taxa in Korea have been recognized. Chromosomes in Cyperaceae are known to be holocentric, missing constricted centromeres during cell division. For the first time, we report the chromosome counts of Eleocharis from Korean populations of E. attenuata f. laeviseta (Nakai) H. Hara (2n = 20); E. parvula (Roem. & Schult.) Link ex Bluff, Nees & Schauer (2n = 10); E. ussuriensis Zinserl. (2n = 16); and E. valleculosa var. setosa Ohwi (2n = 16). The populations exhibit variations in their chromosome sizes from ca.1.7 μm to ca. 6 μm, categorized as gradient and bimodal karyotypes. The karyotypes observed are congruent with previous phylogenetic groups proposed. To clarify the traditional and phylogenetic classification of Korean Eleocharis, further taxonomic and chromosomal investigations with additional taxon sampling efforts are required.
On the categorical entropy of the Frobenius pushforward functor
Authors: Matsui Hiroki , Takahashi Ryo
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we consider the Frobenius pushforward endofunctor of the bounded derived category of finitely generated modules over an ‐finite noetherian local ring. We completely determine the categorical entropy of in the sense of Dimitrov, Haiden, Katzarkov, and Kontsevich.
Toward ultrathin optics
Authors: Monticone Francesco
Published: January 2023

Function determines the minimum thickness of an optical system
Alteration of Chain-Length Selectivity and Thermostability of
Rhizopus oryzae
Lipase via Virtual Saturation Mutagenesis Coupled with Disulfide Bond Design
Authors: Huang Jinsha , Dai Shuhan , Chen Xiying , Xu Li , Yan Jinyong , Yang Min , Yan Yunjun
Published: January 2023

Rhizopus oryzae
lipase (ROL) is very attractive in biotechnology and industry as a safe and environmentally friendly biocatalyst. Functional expression of ROL in
Escherichia coli
facilitates effective high-throughput screening for positive variants.
AtbFinder Diagnostic Test System Improves Optimal Selection of Antibiotic Therapy in Persons with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Tetz G. , Kardava K. , Vecherkovskaya M. , Hahn A. , Tsifansky M. , Koumbourlis A. , Tetz V.
Published: January 2023

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by mutations of CFTR that lead to increased viscous secretions, bacterial colonization, and recurrent infections. Chronic
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
infection in persons with CF is associated with progressive and accelerated lung function decline despite aggressive antibiotic treatment.
Emergence of an Auxin Sensing Domain in Plant-Associated Bacteria
Authors: Gavira José A. , Rico-Jiménez Miriam , Ortega Álvaro , Petukhova Natalia V. , Bug Dmitrii S. , Castellví Albert , Porozov Yuri B. , Zhulin Igor B. , Krell Tino , Matilla Miguel A.
Published: January 2023

Although antagonists were found to bind different bacterial signal transduction receptors, we are still at the early stages of understanding the molecular details by which these molecules exert their inhibitory effects. Here, we provide insight into the structural changes resulting from the binding of an agonist and an antagonist to a sensor protein.
Longevity and Neutralizing Capacity of IgG Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Generated by the Application of BNT162b2, AZD1222, Convidecia, Sputnik V, and CoronaVac Vaccines: a Cohort Study in the Mexican Population
Authors: Fernandes-Matano Larissa , Salas-Lais Angel Gustavo , Grajales-Muñiz Concepción , Hernández-Ávila Mauricio , Garfias-Becerra Yonathan Omar , Rodríguez-Sepúlveda Mario César , Segura-Sánchez Carlos , Montes-Herrera Daniel , Mendoza-Sánchez Denisse , Angeles-Martínez Javier , Santos Coy-Arechavaleta Andrea , Alvarado-Yaah Julio Elías , Santacruz-Tinoco Clara Esperanza , Ramón-Gallegos Eva , Muñoz-Medina José Esteban
Published: January 2023

Since the start of the vaccination programs against COVID-19 in 2020, it was evident that due to global shortages, the demand for the dose required in Mexico could only be covered by acquiring different vaccines. Therefore, determining the effectiveness of these and the longevity of acquired immunity is extremely important in a scenario where SARS-CoV-2 circulation becomes endemic and booster doses are required periodically.
Human Endogenous Retrovirus (HERV) Transcriptome Is Dynamically Modulated during SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Allows Discrimination of COVID-19 Clinical Stages
Authors: Grandi Nicole , Erbì Maria Chiara , Scognamiglio Sante , Tramontano Enzo
Published: January 2023

We report here the first high-throughput analysis of HERV loci expression along SARS-CoV-2 infection, as performed with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Such cells are not directly infected by the virus but have a crucial role in the plethora of inflammatory and immune events that constitute a major hallmark of COVID-19 pathogenesis.
Supplemental Material: Kill dates from re-exposed black mosses constrain past glacier advances in the northern Antarctic Peninsula
Authors: Groff Dulcinea V. , al. et
Published: January 2023

Detailed description of methods for sampling criteria and dating, as well as results for dating and sum probability distributions. 
Supplemental Material: A power-based abrasion law for use in landscape evolution models
Authors: Hansen D.D. , al. et
Published: January 2023

A detailed description of the experimental methodology and the CCNBD and UTC results. 
Supplemental Material: Southward continuation and slab rollback of the Neotethyan arc–back-arc system: Insights from Eocene mafic intrusions from North Sumatra, SE Asia
Authors: Yu Xiaoqing , Zhang Yuzhi , et al.
Published: January 2023

Figure S1: (A–G) Variations in the major element oxides, and (H–I) Mg-number versus Cr and Ni for the Tangse mafic intrusive rocks in North Sumatra. Figure S2: Nb/La versus εNd(t) modelling for the Tangse mafic intrusive rocks in North Sumatra. Figure S3: Subduction-mobile element ratio diagrams. Table S1: LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb data from the Tangse mafic intrusive rocks in North Sumatra. Table S2: LA-ICP-MS zircon trace element results from the Tangse mafic intrusive rocks in North Sumatra. Table S3: Zircon in-situ Lu-Hf isotopic compositions of the Tangse mafic intrusive rocks in North Sumatra. Table S4: Major oxides, trace elements, and Sr-Nd isotope data of the Tangse mafic intrusive rocks in North Sumatra. Table S5: Summary of the published ages ranging from 100 Ma to 40 Ma in South Tibet, NW Yunnan, Myanmar, and Sumatra.
Supplemental Material: Ultrahigh-pressure mantle metasomatism in continental collision zones recorded by post-collisional mafic rocks
Authors: Gao Mingdi , Xu Haijin , et al.
Published: January 2023

EPMA analytical condition. Calculation of melting trajectories in Fig. 7B. Table S1: EPMA determined mineral compositions in the Shidao mafic dikes. Table S2: Major and trace compositions of the Early Cretaceous mafic rocks in Dabie–Sulu. Table S3: Major and trace compositions of the Alpine–Himalayan ultrapotassic rocks. Table S4: Partition coefficients for Rb and Sr between minerals and potassium-rich melts. Table S5: Run conditions, products and K2O, Na2O, Rb, Sr contents of the melt in the experiments of Foley et al. (1999, 2022). Table S6: Phase proportions and melting modes used in the non-modal fractional melting modelling. Table S7: Partition coefficients used in the non-modal fractional melting modelling.
Iodine concentration level, availability of adequately iodised salt and proper utilisation, and its influencing factors among households in Eastern Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Kebebew Esrom , Derese Tariku , Bogale Getu , Berhane Anteneh
Published: January 2023

Objective

The availability of iodine concentration in iodised salt at the household level does not guarantee the prevention of iodine deficiency disorders, but it can be significantly assured through proper utilisation. In eastern Ethiopia, there are no data on the use of iodised salt at the household level. The purpose of this study was to determine the iodine concentration, the coverage of adequately iodised salt and the factors that influencing the proper iodised salt utilisation in households.

Design

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and iodine concentration was determined using the WYD Checker iodine test. We used the logistic generalised estimating equation statistical analysis method to assess the factors that affect proper iodised salt utilisation at a household level.

Setting

The study was conducted in Dire Dawa City Administration, Eastern Ethiopia.

Participants

A total of 473 households were selected using one-stage sampling technique.

Primary measures

Iodine concentration, availability of adequately iodised salt and proper utilisation were primary outcomes of this study.

Results

Only 37% of households found sufficient iodine concentration in iodised salt, while only 25.2% of households used iodised salt properly. College or above education (adjusted OR=5.1, 95% CI: 1.2 to 21.6, p=0.024), good knowledge (adjusted OR=5.3, 95% CI: 4.3 to 13.4, p<0.0001), good attitude (adjusted OR=4.2, 95% CI: 2.5 to 7.0, p<0.0001) and household with family size >5 (adjusted OR=0.39, 95% CI: 0.23 to 0.7) were significantly associated with proper utilisation of iodised salt.

Conclusions

Adequate coverage and iodised salt utilisation were low. The proper use of iodised salt is associated with educational status, family size, knowledge and attitudes. Raising public awareness, health promotion and continuous regulation of iodine concentration at all levels by regulatory bodies are important strategies for addressing the public health problems of iodine deficiency and related diseases.
Association between daily life walking speed and frailty measured by a smartphone application: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kawai Hisashi , Obuchi Shuichi , Ejiri Manami , Ito Kumiko
Published: January 2023

Objectives

To assess whether frailty can be assessed using a smartphone and whether daily walking speed (DWS) is associated with frailty.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Three prefectures (Kanagawa, Saitama and Tokyo) in Japan.

Participants

The study enrolled 163 participants (65 in the robust group, 69 in the prefrailty group and 29 in the frailty group) by sending letters to house owners aged≥55 years.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

The participants downloaded the DWS measurement application on their smartphones, which measured the daily walking (DW) parameters (DWS, step length and cadence) and the Kihon checklist for frailty assessment. The differences in the DW parameters between the robust, prefrailty and frailty groups were examined using one-way analysis of variance. We conducted logistic regression analysis for the Crude model (each DW parameter), model 1 (adjusted for the number of steps) and model 2 (model 1+age, sex and the number of chronic diseases).

Results

DWS was marginally significantly slower in the frailty group than in the prefrailty and robust group (robust 1.26 m/s vs prefrailty 1.25 m/s vs frailty 1.19 m/s, p=0.060). Step length was significantly smaller in the frailty group than in the robust group (robust 66.1 cm vs prefrailty 65.9 vs frailty 62.3 cm, p<0.01). Logistic regression analysis for the three models revealed that DWS was significantly associated with frailty.

Conclusions

DWS measured using the smartphone application was associated with frailty. This was probably due to the shorter step length and body height seen in frail individuals.
Dietary patterns and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Korean adults: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Fu Jialei , Shin Sangah
Published: January 2023

Objectives

Dietary patterns can holistically provide insights into the association of food groups and nutrients with the disease. Several studies have evaluated the association of dietary patterns with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Western populations. However, few studies focused on this topic were conducted on Korean adults. Therefore, in this cohort study, we aimed to investigate the association between dietary patterns and the risk of NAFLD among middle-aged Koreans.

Design

The survey was performed at general hospitals and health examination centres in Korea. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. The dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis. The HR and 95% CI for NAFLD for each of the quartiles of the three dietary patterns were estimated using a Cox proportional hazards model.

Setting

South Korean Community.

Participants

44 460 healthy Koreans (aged 40–69 years) who completed a follow-up survey from 2012 to 2016 in the Health Examinees study were included.

Results

Men and women following a prudent pattern showed a 22% and 36% lower NAFLD risk, respectively (men: HR=0.78; women: HR=0.64). Men and women who highly adhered to the flour-based food and meat pattern had a 29% and 55% higher NAFLD risk, respectively (men: HR=1.29; women: HR=1.55).

Conclusion

The prudent pattern induced a lower NAFLD risk, whereas the flour-based food and meat pattern induced a higher NAFLD risk. No significant difference was found between the white rice pattern and NAFLD risk.
Effectiveness of non-pharmacological treatments for vestibular and oculomotor dysfunction in patients with persistent post-concussive symptoms: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sheeba Stella , Cavaleri Rocco , Summers Simon , Browne Cherylea
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Concussion is a form of mild traumatic brain injury that disrupts brain function. Although symptoms are mostly transient, recovery can be delayed and result in persistent postconcussive symptoms (PPCS). Vestibular and oculomotor dysfunction are among the most debilitating impairments associated with PPCS. However, pharmacological interventions for these impairments are associated with deleterious side effects. Accordingly, increasing research has examined the utility of non-pharmacological interventions for PPCS. The aim of this review is to synthesise and evaluate the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for the treatment of vestibular and oculomotor dysfunction for patients with PPCS.

Methods and analysis

Systematic searches of MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus will identify randomised controlled trials employing non-pharmacological treatments for vestibular and/or oculomotor dysfunction for PPCS. Such interventions may include, but are not limited to, vestibular rehabilitation, optokinetic stimulation and vestibulo-ocular reflex exercises. Assessments of oculomotor function will include versional eye movements, vergence eye movements, visual-fixation movements and accommodation response. Assessments of vestibular function will include the Fukuda Step test, functional balance tests, force displacement tests, and subjective reports of balance disruption or vertigo. Where appropriate, meta-analyses of standardised mean differences will be conducted using a random effects model for continuous outcomes. For dichotomous outcomes (improved vs not improved following treatment), effects will be expressed as relative risk. The impact of heterogeneity will be calculated using the I2statistic. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale will be used to determine the methodological quality of individual studies and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations used to assess the certainty and quality of evidence for each outcome.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval is not required for this review. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42021254720.
Systematic review of clinical practice guidelines for uveitis
Authors: Ghadiri Nima , Reekie Ian R , Gordon Iris , Safi Sare , Lingham Gareth , Evans Jennifer R , Keel Stuart
Published: January 2023

To facilitate the integration of eye care into universal health coverage, the WHO is developing a Package of Eye Care Interventions (PECI). Development of the PECI involves the identification of evidence-based interventions from relevant clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for uveitis.

A systematic review of CPGs published on uveitis between 2010 and March 2020 was conducted. CPGs passing title and abstract and full-text screening were evaluated using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) tool and data on recommended interventions extracted using a standard data extraction sheet.

Of 56 CPGs identified as potentially relevant from the systematic literature search, 3 CPGs underwent data extraction following the screening stages and appraisal with the AGREE II tool. These CPGs covered screening for, monitoring and treating juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)-associated uveitis, the use of adalimumab and dexamethasone in treating non-infectious uveitis, and a top-level summary of assessment, differential diagnosis and referral recommendations for uveitis, aimed at primary care practitioners. Many of the recommendations were based on expert opinion, though some incorporated clinical study and randomised controlled trial data.

There is currently sparse coverage of the spectrum of disease caused by uveitis within CPGs. This may partially be due to the large number of conditions with diverse causes and clinical presentations covered by the umbrella term uveitis, which makes numerous sets of guidelines necessary. The limited pool of CPGs to select from has implications for clinicians seeking guidance on clinical care strategies for uveitis.
Teaching an old dog new tricks: re-engineering IL-2 for immuno-oncology applications
Authors: Sznol Mario , Rizvi Naiyer
Published: January 2023

Various approaches are being explored to address the unmet medical need among patients with advanced cancer who do not respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Interleukin-2 has become a prominent focus of preclinical and clinical investigation, because of its known clinical activity, the important role of this cytokine in immune biology, and the ability to engineer variant proteins with potentially improved antitumor immunomodulatory activity and reduced toxicity. Bempegaldesleukin, the first of the modified IL-2 agents to reach phase 3 evaluation in combination with an anti-PD-1, did not improve outcome for patients with metastatic melanoma and renal carcinoma. The disappointing data raise important questions about the potential efficacy of other interleukin-2 variants, however, several of the other variants appear to be sufficiently differentiated in anticipated pharmacokinetic properties and immune modulatory effects to warrant continued clinical development.
Preclinical model of anterior circulation intracranial stenting
Authors: Anagnostakou Vania , King Robert M , Gutierrez Liza , Black Johanna D , Lee Juliana , Virmani Renu , Puri Ajit S , Siddiqui Adnan H , Gounis Matthew J
Published: January 2023

Background

Preclinical testing of intracranial stents is currently performed in the peripheral circulation, and rarely in the basilar artery of the dog.

Objective

To test the feasibility of intracranial stenting in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) of the dog and explore the use of MRI to detect thromboembolic complications.

Methods

Six purpose-bred cross-hound dogs were used for proof-of-concept stenting of both MCAs in each animal. Immediately following the procedure, the animals were imaged with MRI. MRI was repeated weekly for 1 month. After the final angiography at 30 days, the animals were euthanized for pathological assessment of the stents and the brain.

Results

We successfully deployed 12 stents in the MCAs of all animals. We deployed three techniques for microcatheterization of the MCA—namely, directly through the internal carotid artery (ICA), using anastomotic arteries from the external carotid artery, or via the contralateral ICA through the anterior communicating artery. Two iatrogenic perforations of the ICA with formation of an arteriovenous fistula occurred, without clinical sequelae, which spontaneously resolved on follow-up. All animals tolerated the procedure and completed the follow-up surveillance. MRI revealed procedural thromboembolic induced areas of restricted diffusion, and only one instance of a delayed thromboembolic lesion during surveillance. At follow-up angiography, the devices were all patent.

Conclusion

We describe a new preclinical model of intracranial stenting in the MCA. Such a model may prove useful for evaluating new surface modifications.
Mechanical thrombectomy decision making and prognostication: Stroke treatment Assessments prior to Thrombectomy In Neurointervention (SATIN) study
Authors: Fargen Kyle M , Kittel Carol , Curry Brian P , Hile Connor W , Wolfe Stacey Q , Brown Patrick , Mokin Maxim , Rai Ansaar T , Chen Michael , Starke Robert M , Albuquerque Felipe C , Ansari Sameer A , Kan Peter , Spiotta Alejandro M , Dabus Guilherme , Leslie-Mazwi Thabele M , Hirsch Joshua A
Published: January 2023

Background

Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is the standard-of-care treatment for stroke patients with emergent large vessel occlusions. Despite this, little is known about physician decision making regarding MT and prognostic accuracy.

Methods

A prospective multicenter cohort study of patients undergoing MT was performed at 11 comprehensive stroke centers. The attending neurointerventionalist completed a preprocedure survey prior to arterial access and identified key decision factors and the most likely radiographic and clinical outcome at 90 days. Post hoc review was subsequently performed to document hospital course and outcome.

Results

299 patients were enrolled. Good clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0–2) was obtained in 38% of patients. The most frequently identified factors influencing the decision to proceed with thrombectomy were site of occlusion (81%), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (74%), and perfusion imaging mismatch (43%). Premorbid mRS score determination in the hyperacute setting accurately matched retrospectively collected data from the hospital admission in only 140 patients (46.8%). Physicians correctly predicted the patient’s 90 day mRS tertile (0–2, 3–4, or 5–6) and final modified Thrombolysis in Ischemic Cerebral Infarction score preprocedure in only 44.2% and 44.3% of patients, respectively. Clinicians tended to overestimate the influence of occlusion site and perfusion imaging on outcomes, while underestimating the importance of pre-morbid mRS.

Conclusions

This is the first prospective study to evaluate neurointerventionalists’ ability to accurately predict clinical outcome after MT. Overall, neurointerventionalists performed poorly in prognosticating patient 90 day outcomes, raising ethical questions regarding whether MT should be withheld in patients with emergent large vessel occlusions thought to have a poor prognosis.
Hospitalisations for heart failure: increased palliative care referrals − a veterans affairs hospital initiative
Authors: Gruen Jadry , Gandhi Parul , Gillespie-Heyman Sarah , Shamas Tracy , Adelman Samuel , Ruskin Andrea , Bauer Margaret , Merchant Naseema
Published: January 2023

Objectives

Heart failure (HF) portends significant morbidity and mortality. Integrating palliative care (PC) with HF management improves quality of life and preparedness planning. At a Veterans Affairs hospital, PC was used in 6.5% of patients admitted for HF from October 2019 to September 2020. We sought to increase the percentage of referrals to PC to 20%.

Methods

PC referral guidelines were developed and used to screen all HF admissions between October 2020 and May 2021. Point-of-care education on the benefits of PC was delivered to teams caring for patients who met PC referral criteria. Changes were tested using Plan–Do–Study–Act (PDSA) cycles. Results were analysed using run charts.

Results

During the study period, there were 109 HF admissions in patients who were not already followed by PC. Thirty-one (28%) received a new PC consult. The mean age was 81±9.5 years, median B-type natriuretic peptide was 1202 pg/mL, and mean length of stay was 8±5 days. After our intervention, there was an upward shift in the percentage of new referrals to PC with 6 values above the baseline median, which represents a significant change.

Conclusions

Through multiple PDSA cycles, referrals to PC for patients admitted with HF increased from 6.5% to 28%. Point-of-care education was an effective tool to teach medical teams about the benefits of PC. Inpatient teams more consistently and independently considered PC for patients with HF, representing a cultural shift. This quality improvement model may serve as a paradigm to improve the care of HF patients.
Angioarchitecture and prognosis of pediatric intracranial pial arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Li Jingwei , Ji Zhenlong , Yu Jiaxing , Ren Jian , Yang Fan , Bian Lisong , Zhi Xinglong , Li Guilin , Zhang Hongqi
Published: January 2023

Objective

Pial arteriovenous fistulas (PAVFs) are rare and mostly observed in children. However, the overall angioarchitecture, clinical features, treatments and long-term prognosis for pediatric patients remain unclear.

Methods

Clinical data of consecutive 42 pediatric PAVFs were documented and analysed. According to the differences of age distribution and clinical features, they were split into a younger group (≤3 years old; 20 cases) and an older group (3–14 years old; 22 cases).

Results

Their mean age was 4.9±3.9 years, and the mean preoperative modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score was 1.64±1.57. Fourteen patients (33.3%) were asymptomatic, followed by epilepsy (21.4%), intracranial haemorrhage (16.7%), hydrocephalus (9.5%), developmental delay (7.1%), intermittent headache (7.1%) and congestive heart failure (4.8%). Annual bleeding rate and rebleeding rate before treatment reached 3.86% and 3.17%. Poor venous drainage including sinus dynamic obstruction (21 cases, 50.0%) and sinus occlusion (17 cases, 40.48%) were found with high frequency among these patients. Finally, 33 cases were cured (78.57%), and 4 cases faced surgery-related complications (9.52%). During 24–140 months’ follow-up, the mean mRS score reduced to 0.57±0.40. However, only 22 cases (52.38%) recovered to absolutely normal, and poor venous drainage was the risk factor for patients’ incomplete recovery (p=0.028, Exp(B)=14.692, 95% CI 1.346 to 160.392). Compared with the older group, younger group showed more chronic symptoms, more secondary pathological changes, more times treatment and worse prognosis (p=0.013, 0.002, 0.000 and 0.032, respectively).

Conclusions

Pediatric PAVF has different angioarchitectures, clinical features and prognoses in different age groups. Poor venous drainage is an important factor leading to poor prognosis, and it accounts for incomplete recovery in nearly half of patients.
Geometric phases in neutrino mixing
Authors: Manosh T. M. , Shaji N. , Thayyullathil Ramesh Babu , Mathew Titus K.
Published: January 2023

Neutrinos can acquire both dynamic and geometric phases due to the nontrivial mixing between mass and flavor eigenstates. In this paper, we derive the general expressions for all plausible gauge invariant diagonal and off-diagonal geometric phases in the three- flavor neutrino model using the kinematic approach. We find that diagonal and higher-order off-diagonal geometric phases are sensitive to the mass ordering and the Dirac CP violating phase [Formula: see text]. We show that, third-order off-diagonal geometric phase [Formula: see text] is invariant under any cyclic or non-cyclic permutations of flavor indices when the Dirac CP phase is zero. For nonzero [Formula: see text], we find that [Formula: see text]. We also prove that, only the third-order off-diagonal geometric phase is sensitive to the sign of [Formula: see text]. Further, we explore the effects of matter background using a two-flavor neutrino model and show that the diagonal geometric phase is either [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] in the MSW resonance region and takes nontrivial values elsewhere. The transition between zero and [Formula: see text] occurs at the point of complete oscillation inversion called the nodal point, where the diagonal geometric phase is not defined. Also, in two-flavor approximations, two distinct diagonal geometric phases are co-functions with respect to the mixing angle. Finally, in the two-flavor model, we show that the only second-order off-diagonal geometric phase is a topological invariant quantity and is always [Formula: see text].
Investigation on performance of a marine centrifugal pump with broken impeller
Authors: Zhai Lijing , Chen Hongxun , Gu Qi , Ma Zheng
Published: January 2023

As an important auxiliary equipment for ships, the stable operation of centrifugal pumps has a significant impact on the safe operation of ships, so monitoring the operation of marine centrifugal pumps is particularly urgent. In this paper, a marine centrifugal pump is studied for four cases: the normal state, the initial stages of broken state, the intermediate stages of broken state, and the late stages of broken state. The Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (DDES) with a nonlinear eddy viscosity model is used for the nonstationary calculation of the whole channel, aiming to study the performance of the centrifugal pump in the broken state. A comprehensive analysis of the hydrodynamic characteristics of the centrifugal pump, such as external characteristics, flow situation, pressure pulsation, and flow analysis based on the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method, was carried out. Taken together, these results suggest that as the number of broken blades increases, the corresponding head and efficiency gradually decrease. Blade loss mainly affects the uniformity and stability of the flow field, so that the centrifugal pump performance loss increases, which in turn causes the centrifugal pump head and efficiency to decline. It also leads to an increase in radial force during operation, which in turn causes an increase in the amplitude of pump vibration. The results of the study provide some references for the fault diagnosis of centrifugal pumps.
A 6.7 GHz, 89.33 μW Power and 81.26% Tuning Range Dual Input Ring VCO with PMOS Varactor
Authors: Saqib Mohd , Wairya Subodh , Yadav Anurag
Published: January 2023

This paper proposes an improved two-stage and four-stage CMOS ring-Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) design with large frequency at output, improved phase noise, and reduced consumption of power. A PMOS varactor is used in conventional circuit to obtain high tuning-range and very low consumption of power. Cadence Virtuoso 90 nm technology was used to simulate this differential ring-VCO with the proposed dual input differential delay cell. This two-stage and four-stage design gives wider range of tuning from 1.254 to 6.694 GHz (81.26%) and 1.821 to 5.259 GHz (65.37%), respectively, with the change in [Formula: see text] from 0.1 to 1 V. The power-consumption of two-stage ring VCO and four-stage ring VCO varies from 48.02 to 89.33 [Formula: see text] and 66.81 to 157.02 [Formula: see text] respectively. The proposed two-stage and four-stage VCO exhibits −114.46 and −111.06 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from 6.694 and 5.259 GHz carrier frequency, respectively. The proposed two-stage and four-stage differential ring-VCO results in wider tuning range and very low consumption of power and an improved figure of merit and phase-noise.
Some aspects of Morris–Thorne wormhole in Scalar–Tensor theory
Authors: Genç Onur
Published: January 2023

In this work, we reach the equations of motion of Morris–Thorne wormhole geometry by means of the Einstein Field Equations and Klein–Gordon Equation of Scalar–Tensor Theory. We discuss the anisotropic matter energy distribution. We determine a relation between the radial and the transverse pressures. Hence, we express the anisotropic energy–momentum tensor in terms of one pressure class, by means of that relation. Besides that, we check the isotropic case and show that there is no traversable wormhole (WH), in the zero redshift function situation, if the energy–momentum distribution of the universe is isotropic. In addition, we represent the conditions in order that the Null Energy Condition (NEC) is satisfied in the zero redshift function case, for anisotropic distribution. We also propose a special class of traversable WH shape functions. We will be calling the WHs corresponding to that class of functions as the Yukawa Type WHs. We expressed the NEC for those WHs particularly. Furthermore, we determine the radial and the transverse pressures in zero redshift function situation.
EXISTENCE AND SOLUTION OF THIRD-ORDER INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS VIA HAAR WAVELET METHOD
Authors: AMIN ROHUL , SHAH KAMAL , AWAIS MUHAMMAD , MAHARIQ IBRAHIM , NISAR KOTTAKKARAN SOOPPY , SUMELKA WOJCIECH
Published: January 2023

This paper is related to some qualitative results about the existence and uniqueness of a solution to a third-order problem by using a fixed point approach. Haar technique is applied for numerical solution of a third-order linear integro-differential equation (IDE) with initial conditions. In IDE, the third-order derivative is computed by Haar functions, and the integration is used to get the expression of second- and first-order derivatives, as well as an approximate solution. Some examples from the literature are used to verify the validity of the proposed method. Error analysis is performed. Also, comparison between the exact and numerical solutions at different collocation points (CPs) is derived. The convergence rate is recorded taking different numbers of CPs, which is approximately equal to 2.
Hybrid Test of Precast Concrete Frame with Energy-Dissipation Cladding Panel System
Authors: Chong Xun , Hou Linbing , Xie Linlin , Sha Huiling , Huang Liang
Published: January 2023

To investigate the influence of an energy-dissipation cladding panel system (EDCPS) on the dynamic responses of a precast concrete (PC) frame structure, a six-story, three-span planar frame structure with an EDCPS (called “damping structure”) and a counterpart planar bare frame structure (called “bare frame structure”) were designed. The middle span and bottom two stories of the frame were selected as the test substructures, whereas the rest were considered using the numerical substructure. Hybrid tests were conducted on the two structures under four earthquake levels. The test results indicated that the damage evolution characteristics of the PC frame were not affected by the introduction of EDCPS. The dampers in the EDCPS successfully yielded and dissipated seismic energy under the four earthquake levels. Moreover, the maximum inter-story drift ratio of the damping structure was reduced by 12.59%, 17.68%, and 10.34% under the design-basis earthquake, maximum considered earthquake, and very rare earthquake, respectively, exhibiting a satisfactory damage-control effect. The cladding panels remained intact under the four earthquake levels, indicating that this structure effectively prevents damage to the cladding panels. Finally, a numerical simulation method is recommended according to the damage characteristics of the damping structure and is validated against the test data.
Classification of solutions for mixed order conformally system with Hartree-type nonlinearity in ℝn
Authors: Guo Yuxia , Peng Shaolong
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we consider the following mixed order conformally invariant system with Hartree-type nonlinearity : [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] is a integer, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]. We first prove the equivalence of the PDEs system and the IEs system. Then we give the classification of the nonnegative solutions to the system ( 0.1 ) by using the method of moving spheres. Finally, we prove Liouville-type theorems results for system ( 0.1 ) in the critical and supercritical-order cases (i.e. [Formula: see text]), respectively.
Evaluation and Selection of a Green and Sustainable Supplier by Using a Fuzzy ARAS Mathematical Modeling
Authors: Agarwal Reema , Nishad Anil Kumar , Agarwal Ankur , Husain Shamshad
Published: January 2023

In the present scenario, the main aim of each and every organization is to be competitive, eco-friendly, and sustainable in order to run effectively and efficiently. Therefore, to meet and fulfill the above objectives, each organization must identify and choose the appropriate and best green and sustainable supplier, as a green supplier considers green technology, green products, green packaging, etc., while a sustainable supplier considers all three characteristics of sustainability, namely social, economic, and environmental. The problem of the evaluation and selection of green and sustainable suppliers is an example of a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. In this research paper, to handle the uncertainty hidden in the green supply chain, the extended version of a MCDM technique named fuzzy additive ratio assessment (F-ARAS) is implemented for the evaluation of the relative weights of the green and sustainable supplier selection criteria, namely social, economic, and environmental, and also to determine the best green and sustainable supplier through fuzzy theory by using linguistic terms, which includes the application of interval-valued triangular fuzzy numbers (IVTFNs) in an organization. Finally, the technique, F-ARAS, has performed well and enables the organization’s managers to attain their required solution and final decision.
15–20 Year Follow-up After Wrist Arthroplasty Surgery – Revisiting the Development and Introduction of a New Prototype Concept for Total Wrist Arthroplasty
Authors: REIGSTAD Ole , HOLM-GLAD Trygve , KORSLUND Johanne , GRIMSGAARD Christian , THORKILDSEN Rasmus , RØKKUM Magne
Published: January 2023

Background: Wrist arthroplasties have not achieved clinical outcomes comparable to those of shoulders and knees, being offered low-demand patients due to a high failure rate. In the 90s, there were no wrist arthroplasties available for high-demand patients. An experimental setup for the development of a new wrist arthroplasty intended for all wrist patients were done. A long-term final follow-up to evaluate the performance of the experimental arthroplasty was performed.

Methods: A novel uncemented modular wrist prosthesis with conical threaded fixation, metal-on-metal coupling and ball-and-socket articulation was developed. In an experimental study, eight patients (7 men, 53 years of age) were operated between 2001 and 2003, to treat non-inflammatory primary or secondary osteoarthritis. Published mid-term results (7–9 years) demonstrated satisfactory function, but two arthroplasties were converted to arthrodesis due to infection.

Results: At final follow-up 15–20 years after primary surgery, the remaining six patients still had a wrist arthroplasty (in three the original) in situ. The clinical results were good. Low pain (median = 0), Quick Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QDASH median 11) and Patient Rated Wrist and Hand Evaluation (PRWHE median = 14) scores were reported. Wrist active range of motion (AROM) was 64% and grip strength 86% compared to the opposite side. None regretted choosing arthroplasty knowing the outcome.

Conclusions: Despite technical errors and the implementation of an incomplete prototype, this new concept for arthroplasty has demonstrated promising long-term fixation, a stable articulation with good range of motion, satisfactory function and pain reduction in high-demand patients.

Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
Osteonecrosis of the Lunate Following Three-Corner Arthrodesis: A Case Report
Authors: POINOT Nicolas , EL KAZZI Wissam , MADANI Afarine , SCHUIND Frédéric
Published: January 2023

Scaphoid lunate advanced collapse (SLAC) is the most frequently encountered cause of wrist osteoarthritis. Proximal row carpectomy (PRC) and four-orner arthrodesis (4CA) are the two main surgical options to address it. Three three-corner arthrodesis (3CA) was introduced in 1997 as an alternative to PRC and 4CA. It is a motion preserving midcarpal arthrodesis easier to perform than 4CA, for which the literature has documented satisfactory outcomes and low complication rates. We report a case of a SLAC wrist treated with 3CA complicated by postoperative osteonecrosis of the lunate. To our knowledge, this complication has not been previously reported. Our patient developed osteonecrosis of the lunate 1 year after 3CA despite a good consolidation of the arthrodesis. In this case study, we discuss reasons this may have occurred, the aetiology of which is likely multifactorial. We are reporting this case to inform surgeons of this potential complication after 3CA.

Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)