bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nursing Philosophy of community mental health nurses in Japan: A qualitative, descriptive study
Authors: Tanaka Koji , Hasegawa Masami , Nagayama Yutaka , Oe Masato
Published: June 2017

The present study reports the findings of a qualitative, descriptive study that sought to clarify nursing philosophy for community mental health nurses (CMHN) working at independent psychiatric home‐visit nursing agencies in Japan. We carried out participant observation and semistructured interviews with 13 CMHN in rural and urban areas. We identified eight subthemes and three higher‐order themes based on these subthemes. CMHN embraced a nursing philosophy in which they: (i) have respect for consumers’ ways of life and their self‐realization; (ii) find harmony between view of life and work; and (iii) build communities where residents support each other beyond their roles. Together, these themes constitute a valuable nursing philosophy that supports the recovery of people with mental illness. The themes could also help educate professionals about principles and meanings relevant to recovery, which are regarded as key to changing the professional's care paradigm from a biomedical model to a recovery model.
Does clinical placement in a community alcohol and other drugs rehabilitation centre influence students’ career intention?
Authors: Salamonson Yenna , Ramjan Lucie M. , Villarosa Amy R. , Marjadi Brahm
Published: June 2017

Due to an ageing workforce, there is a growing need for greater numbers of nurses to work in areas, such as mental health and alcohol and other drugs (AOD) rehabilitation. These practitioners need to approach their work as ‘recovery‐oriented practitioners’. Positive experiences and preceptorship during clinical placement in AOD rehabilitation settings might influence students’ later career choices and address some of the workforce shortage issues. The aim of the present concurrent, mixed‐methods study was to explore students’ perceptions of their clinical placement experience in a community‐based AOD rehabilitation setting, and to examine attitude, career intention, and satisfaction with the placement. Fifty‐eight students completed pre–post‐test surveys, with closed and open‐ended questions, which included standardized measures. A small sample of survey respondents also agreed to participate in a semistructured interview. The quantitative results revealed two predictors for higher intention to pursue a career in AOD: (i) a high satisfaction with their clinical placement (β = 0.29, P = 0.008); and (ii) a high baseline attitude to recovery‐oriented practice (β = 0.28, P = 0.013). The qualitative findings identified five factors influencing placement experience: (i) educational factors; (ii) students’ background factors; (iii) placement factors; (iv) client factors; and (v) staff factors. A model that synthesizes the quantitative and qualitative findings was also developed. In conclusion, clinical placement in a community‐based AOD rehabilitation centre improved students’ intention to work in that setting.
Curcumin alleviates macrophage activation and lung inflammation induced by influenza virus infection through inhibiting the NF‐κB signaling pathway
Authors: Xu Yiming , Liu Ling
Published: June 2017

Background

Influenza A viruses (IAV) result in severe public health problems with worldwide each year. Overresponse of immune system to IAV infection leads to complications, and ultimately causing morbidity and mortality.

Objective

Curcumin has been reported to have anti‐inflammatory ability. However, its molecular mechanism in immune responses remains unclear.

Methods

We detected the pro‐inflammatory cytokine secretion and nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cell (NF‐κB)‐related protein expression in human macrophages or mice infected by IAV with or without curcumin treatment.

Results

We found that the IAV infection caused a dramatic enhancement of pro‐inflammatory cytokine productions of human macrophages and mice immune cells. However, curcumin treatment after IAV infection downregulated these cytokines production in a dose‐dependent manner. Moreover, the NF‐κB has been activated in human macrophages after IAV infection, while administration of curcumin inhibited NF‐κB signaling pathway via promoting the expression of nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B‐cells inhibitor, alpha (IκBα), and inhibiting the translocation of p65 from cytoplasm to nucleus.

Conclusions

In summary, IAV infection could result in the inflammatory responses of immune cells, especially macrophages. Curcumin has the therapeutic potentials to relieve these inflammatory responses through inhibiting the NF‐κB signaling pathway.
Tryptophan as a surrogate prognostic marker for diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Chou Chien‐An , Lin Chia‐Ni , Chiu Daniel Tsun‐Yee , Chen I‐Wen , Chen Szu‐Tah
Published: June 2017

Aims/Introduction

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the leading causes of end‐stage renal disease. Unfortunately, reliable surrogate markers for predicting the prognostic outcome of diabetic nephropathy are as yet absent. In order to find new markers in predicting the progression of diabetic nephropathy, we carried out a prospective study by investigating the correlation between serum metabolites and the annual change of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Materials and Methods

From September 2013 to September 2015, 52 diabetes patients at various stages of chronic kidney disease were enrolled. While serum levels of 175 metabolites were measured by AbsoluteIDQ™ p180 kit, only those with a significant difference in advancing chronic kidney disease stages were selected. After then, serial renal function change of these patients was followed up for 12 months, the outcome of renal function with each selected metabolite was compared according to the occurrence of a rapid decline (sustained annual decrement rate ≥5%) of eGFR.

Results

A total of 26 metabolites were found to be significantly associated with the severity of chronic kidney disease. Tryptophan (Trp) showed a significant association with the event of rapid decline in eGFR (P = 0.036). Serum concentration of Trp <44.20 μmol/L showed the most valuable predictive value with 55.6% sensitivity and 87% specificity.

Conclusions

A lower level of Trp, especially <44.20 μmol/L, was related to a rapid decline in eGFR. Accordingly, Trp might be regarded as a potential prognostic marker for diabetic nephropathy.
Prognostic value of cell cycle arrest biomarkers in patients at high risk for acute kidney injury: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Jia Hui‐Miao , Huang Li‐Feng , Zheng Yue , Li Wen‐Xiong
Published: June 2017

Urinary tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐2 (TIMP‐2) and insulin‐like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) are G1 cell cycle arrest biomarkers. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of urinary [TIMP‐2]·[IGFBP7] in patients at high risk for AKI. The MEDLINE (via PubMed), Ovid, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched from inception to December 25, 2016. Original clinical studies which met the eligibility criteria were included in this study. The prognostic accuracy of urinary [TIMP‐2]·[IGFBP7] for assessing the need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) and mortality was evaluated by pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio, and summary receiver operating characteristic curves. A total of four prospective cohort studies evaluating 277 patients were included. The estimated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of urinary [TIMP‐2]·[IGFBP7] for predicting the need for RRT in patients at high risk for AKI was 0.915 (standard error [SE] = 0.040). Pooled sensitivity and specificity with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were 0.69 (95% CI 0.53–0.82) and 0.81 (95% CI 0.75–0.86), respectively. Urinary [TIMP‐2]·[IGFBP7] for mortality prediction in patients at high risk for AKI was assessed by qualitative description. Based on the above data, urinary [TIMP‐2]·[IGFBP7] performs well in predicting the need for RRT and mortality in patients at high risk for AKI. However, further meta‐analyses are warranted as more data become available.
CRISPR-Cas12a-Assisted Recombineering in Bacteria
Authors: Yan Mei-Yi , Yan Hai-Qin , Ren Gai-Xian , Zhao Ju-Ping , Guo Xiao-Peng , Sun Yi-Cheng
Published: June 2017

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas12a (Cpf1) has emerged as an effective genome editing tool in many organisms. Here, we developed and optimized a CRISPR-Cas12a-assisted recombineering system to facilitate genetic manipulation in bacteria. Using this system, point mutations, deletions, insertions, and gene replacements can be easily generated on the chromosome or native plasmids in
Escherichia coli
,
Yersinia pestis
, and
Mycobacterium smegmatis
. Because CRISPR-Cas12a-assisted recombineering does not require introduction of an antibiotic resistance gene into the chromosome to select for recombinants, it is an efficient approach for generating markerless and scarless mutations in bacteria.

IMPORTANCE
The CRISPR-Cas9 system has been widely used to facilitate genome editing in many bacteria. CRISPR-Cas12a (Cpf1), a new type of CRISPR-Cas system, allows efficient genome editing in bacteria when combined with recombineering. Cas12a and Cas9 recognize different target sites, which allows for more precise selection of the cleavage target and introduction of the desired mutation. In addition, CRISPR-Cas12a-assisted recombineering can be used for genetic manipulation of plasmids and plasmid curing. Finally, Cas12a-assisted recombineering in the generation of point mutations, deletions, insertions, and replacements in bacteria has been systematically analyzed. Taken together, our findings will guide efficient Cas12a-mediated genome editing in bacteria.
A Bacillus paralicheniformis Iron-Containing Urease Reduces Urea Concentrations in Rice Wine
Authors: Liu Qingtao , Chen Yuqi , Yuan Minglai , Du Guocheng , Chen Jian , Kang Zhen
Published: June 2017

Urease, a nickel-containing metalloenzyme, was the first enzyme to be crystallized and has a prominent position in the history of biochemistry. In the present study, we identified a nickel urease gene cluster,
ureABCEFGDH
, in
Bacillus paralicheniformis
ATCC 9945a and characterized it in
Escherichia coli
. Enzymatic assays demonstrate that this oxygen-stable urease is also an iron-containing acid urease. Heterologous expression assays of UreH suggest that this accessory protein is involved in the transmembrane transportation of nickel and iron ions. Moreover, this iron-containing acid urease has a potential application in the degradation of urea in rice wine. The present study not only enhances our understanding of the mechanism of activation of urease but also provides insight into the evolution of metalloenzymes.

IMPORTANCE
An iron-containing, oxygen-stable acid urease from
B. paralicheniformis
ATCC 9945a with good enzymatic properties was characterized. This acid urease shows activities toward both urea and ethyl carbamate. After digestion with 6 U/ml urease, approximately 92% of the urea in rice wine was removed, suggesting that this urease has great potential in the food industry.
A large choledochocystolithiasis mimicking Mirizzi syndrome
Authors: Chaudhry Mustafa Belal Hafeez , Azeemuddin Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Rizwan , Parkash Om
Published: June 2017

An 18-year-old man presented with spontaneous severe epigastric pain, progressing and radiating to back since 3 days. It was associated with epigastric tenderness, bilious vomiting and jaundice. He had been intermittently experiencing these symptoms for the last 1 year. No known comorbid. Ultrasound showed a poorly visualised heterogeneous focus at porta hepatis; considering poor visualisation, this might represent an enlarged calcified lymph node or cystic duct calculus causing extrinsic compression or a large sludge ball within the common bile duct (CBD), leading to dilatation of common hepatic duct and intrahepatic biliary system. Subsequent magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed a focal saccular dilatation of middle part of CBD, a type I-B choledochal cyst, large heterogeneous focus seen within it representing choledochocystolithiasis. Later, CT was performed for further characterisation of surrounding anatomy and pathology, which confused the appearance of choledochocystolithiasis for Mirizzi syndrome. Later, surgery and histopathology confirmed type I-B choledochocystolithiasis and chronic cholecystitis.
Risk factors for admission at three urban emergency departments in England: a cross-sectional analysis of attendances over 1 month
Authors: Ismail Sharif A , Pope Ian , Bloom Benjamin , Catalao Raquel , Green Emilie , Longbottom Rebecca E , Jansen Gwyneth , McCoy David , Harris Tim
Published: June 2017

Objective

To investigate factors associated with unscheduled admission following presentation to emergency departments (EDs) at three hospitals in England.

Design and setting

Cross-sectional analysis of attendance data for patients from three urban EDs in England: a large teaching hospital and major trauma centre (site 1) and two district general hospitals (sites 2 and 3). Variables included patient age, gender, ethnicity, deprivation score, arrival date and time, arrival by ambulance or otherwise, a variety of ED workload measures, inpatient bed occupancy rates and admission outcome. Coding inconsistencies in routine ED data used for this study meant that diagnosis could not be included.

Outcome measure

The primary outcome for the study was unscheduled admission.

Participants

All adults aged 16 and older attending the three inner London EDs in December 2013. Data on 19 734 unique patient attendances were gathered.

Results

Outcome data were available for 19 721 attendances (>99%), of whom 6263 (32%) were admitted to hospital. Site 1 was set as the baseline site for analysis of admission risk. Risk of admission was significantly greater at sites 2 and 3 (adjusted OR (AOR) relative to site 1 for site 2 was 1.89, 95% CI 1.74 to 2.05, p<0.001) and for patients of black or black British ethnicity (AOR 1.29, 1.16 to 1.44, p<0.001). Deprivation was strongly associated with admission. Analysis of departmental and hospital-wide workload pressures gave conflicting results, but proximity to the “4-hour target” (a rule that limits patient stays in EDs to 4 hours in the National Health Service in England) emerged as a strong driver for admission in this analysis (AOR 3.61, 95% CI 3.30 to 3.95, p<0.001).

Conclusion

This study found statistically significant variations in odds of admission between hospital sites when adjusting for various patient demographic and presentation factors, suggesting important variations in ED-level and clinician-level behaviour relating to admission decisions. The 4-hour target is a strong driver for emergency admission.
Double-blind randomised controlled trial of the independent and synergistic effect ofSpirulina maximawith exercise (ISESE) on general fitness, lipid profile and redox status in overweight and obese subjects: study protocol
Authors: Hernández-Lepe Marco Antonio , López-Díaz José Alberto , Rosa Laura Alejandra de la , Hernández-Torres Rosa Patricia , Wall-Medrano Abraham , Juarez-Oropeza Marco Antonio , Pedraza-Chaverri José , Urquidez-Romero Rene , Ramos-Jiménez Arnulfo
Published: June 2017

Introduction

In order to reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors, a healthy diet must include dietary antioxidants from different sources (eg,Spirulina maxima) and regular practice of exercise should be promoted. There is some evidence from animal studies thatS. maximaand exercise decrease cardiovascular disease risks factors. However, very few studies have proved the independent or synergistic effect ofS. maximaplus exercise in humans. This study attempts to address the independent and synergistic effects in overweight and obese subjects participating in a systematic physical exercise programme at moderate intensity on general fitness, plasma lipid profile and antioxidant capacity.

Methods and analysis

Using a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, counterbalanced crossover study design, 80 healthy overweight and obese subjects will be evaluated during a 12-week isoenergetic diet accompanied by 4.5 g/dayS. maximaintake and/or a physical systematic exercise programme at moderate intensity. Body composition, oxygen uptake, heart rate, capillary blood lactate, plasma concentrations of triacylglycerols, total, low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, antioxidant status, lipid oxidation, protein carbonyls, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and paraoxonase will be assessed.

Ethics and dissemination

This study and all the procedures have been approved by the Universidad Autonoma de Ciudad Juarez Bioethics Committee. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, national and international conferences.

Trial registration number

ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT02837666.
Exploring the components of physician volunteer engagement: a qualitative investigation of a national Canadian simulation-based training programme
Authors: Sarti Aimee J , Sutherland Stephanie , Landriault Angele , DesRosier Kirk , Brien Susan , Cardinal Pierre
Published: June 2017

Objectives

Conceptual clarity on physician volunteer engagement is lacking in the medical literature. The aim of this study was to present a conceptual framework to describe the elements which influence physician volunteer engagement and to explore volunteer engagement within a national educational programme.

Setting

The context for this study was the Acute Critical Events Simulation (ACES) programme in Canada, which has successfully evolved into a national educational programme, driven by physician volunteers. From 2010 to 2014, the programme recruited 73 volunteer healthcare professionals who contributed to the creation of educational materials and/or served as instructors.

Method

A conceptual framework was constructed based on an extensive literature review and expert consultation. Secondary qualitative analysis was undertaken on 15 semistructured interviews conducted from 2012 to 2013 with programme directors and healthcare professionals across Canada. An additional 15 interviews were conducted in 2015 with physician volunteers to achieve thematic saturation. Data were analysed iteratively and inductive coding techniques applied.

Results

From the physician volunteer data, 11 themes emerged. The most prominent themes included volunteer recruitment, retention, exchange, recognition, educator network and quasi-volunteerism. Captured within these interrelated themes were the framework elements, including the synergistic effects of emotional, cognitive and reciprocal engagement. Behavioural engagement was driven by these factors along with a cue to action, which led to contributions to the ACES programme.

Conclusion

This investigation provides a preliminary framework and supportive evidence towards understanding the complex construct of physician volunteer engagement. The need for this research is particularly important in present day, where growing fiscal constraints create challenges for medical education to do more with less.
Factors predicting self-reported medication low adherence in a large sample of adults in the US general population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Feehan Michael , Morrison Margaux A , Tak Casey , Morisky Donald E , DeAngelis Margaret M , Munger Mark A
Published: June 2017

Objectives

The study objective was to determine the level and correlates of self-reported medication low adherence in the US general population.

Setting

A 30 min cross-sectional online survey was conducted with a national sample of adults.

Participants

9202 adults (aged 18+) who had filled at least three or more prescriptions at a community pharmacy in the past 12 months.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Self-reported medication adherence was measured with the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale.

Results

Low adherence was reported by 42.0%, 29.4% had medium adherence and 28.6% had high adherence. Low adherence was significantly associated with: lower age, being of Hispanic origin or African-American, having difficulty with healthcare, medication or transportation costs, needing the support of others to access primary care, health limiting activity, using multiple providers, infrequent visits to primary care providers and visiting an emergency department >3 times in last 12 months.

Conclusions

A very high level of low medication adherence is seen in the general population, particularly for ethnic minorities, those who use multiple healthcare providers and those who experience barriers to access for regular primary care. As clinical, patient education and counselling, and healthcare policy initiatives are directed to tracking the problem of low medication adherence, these should be priority populations for research and interventions.
Diagnosis and treatment for hyperuricaemia and gout: a protocol for a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines and consensus statements
Authors: Li Qianrui , Li Xiaodan , Kwong Joey Sum-Wing , Chen Hao , Sun Xin , Tian Haoming , Li Sheyu
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Gout and hyperuricaemia are major health issues and relevant guidance documents have been released by a variety of national and international organisations. However, these documents contain inconsistent recommendations with unclear quality profiles. We aim to conduct a systematic appraisal of the clinical practice guidelines and consensus statements pertaining to the diagnosis and treatment for hyperuricaemia and gout, and to summarise recommendations.

Methods

We will search PubMed, EMBASE and guideline databases to identify published clinical practice guidelines and consensus statements. We will search Google and Google Scholar for additional potentially eligible documents. The quality of included guidelines and consensus statements will be assessed using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument and be presented as scores. We will also manually extract recommendations for clinical practice from all included documents.

Ethics and dissemination

The results of this systematic review will be disseminated through relevant conferences and peer-reviewed journals.

Protocol registration number

PROSPERO CRD42016046104.
Effectiveness and safety of moxibustion treatment for non-specific lower back pain: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Leem Jungtae , Lee Seunghoon , Park Yeoncheol , Seo Byung-Kwan , Cho Yeeun , Kang Jung Won , Lee Yoon Jae , Ha In-Hyuk , Lee Hyun-jong , Kim Eun-Jung , Lee Sanghoon , Nam Dongwoo
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Many patients experience acute lower back pain that becomes chronic pain. The proportion of patients using complementary and alternative medicine to treat lower back is increasing. Even though several moxibustion clinical trials for lower back pain have been conducted, the effectiveness and safety of moxibustion intervention is controversial. The purpose of this study protocol for a systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of moxibustion treatment for non-specific lower back pain patients.

Methods and analysis

We will conduct an electronic search of several databases from their inception to May 2017, including Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Wanfang Database, Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Korean Medical Database, Korean Studies Information Service System, National Discovery for Science Leaders, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System, the Korea Institute of Science and Technology, and KoreaMed. Randomised controlled trials investigating any type of moxibustion treatment will be included. The primary outcome will be pain intensity and functional status/disability due to lower back pain. The secondary outcome will be a global measurement of recovery or improvement, work-related outcomes, radiographic improvement of structure, quality of life, and adverse events (presence or absence). Risk ratio or mean differences with a 95% confidence interval will be used to show the effect of moxibustion therapy when it is possible to conduct a meta-analysis.

Ethics and dissemination

This review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will be presented at an international academic conference for dissemination. Our results will provide current evidence of the effectiveness and safety of moxibustion treatment in non-specific lower back pain patients, and thus will be beneficial to patients, practitioners, and policymakers.

Trial registration number

CRD42016047468 in PROSPERO 2016
The predictive value of serial changes in diaphragm function during the spontaneous breathing trial for weaning outcome: a study protocol
Authors: Zhou Pengmin , Zhang Zhongheng , Hong Yucai , Cai Huabo , Zhao Hui , Xu Peifeng , Zhao Yiming , Lin Shengping , Qin Xuchang , Guo JiaWei , Pan Yun , Dai Junru
Published: June 2017

Introduction

There is a variety of tools being used in clinical practice for the prediction of weaning success from mechanical ventilation. However, their diagnostic performances are less than satisfactory. The purpose of this study is to investigate the value of serial changes in diaphragm function measured by ultrasound during the spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) as a weaning predictor.

Methods and analysis

This is a prospective observational study conducted in a 10-bed medical emergency intensive care unit (EICU) in a university-affiliated hospital. The study will be performed from November 2016 to December 2017. All patients in the EICU who are expected to have mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours through endotracheal tube are potentially eligible for this study. Patients will be included if they fulfil the criteria for SBT. All enrolled patients will be ventilated with an Evita-4 by using volume assist control mode prior to SBT. Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) will be set to 5 cmH2O and fractional inspired oxygen (FiO2) will be set to a value below 0.5 that guarantees oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry (SpO2) greater than 90%. Enrolled patients will undergo SBT for 2 hours in semirecumbent position. During the SBT, the patients will breathe through the ventilator circuit by using flow triggering (2 L/min) with automatic tube compensation of 100% and 5 cmH2O PEEP. The FiO2will be set to the same value as used before SBT. If the patients fail to tolerate the SBT, the trial will be discontinued immediately and the ventilation mode will be switched to that used before the trial. Patients who pass the 2-hour SBT will be extubated. Right diaphragm excursion and bilateral diaphragm thickening fraction will be measured by ultrasonography during spontaneous breathing. Images will be obtained immediately prior to the SBT, and at 5, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after the initiation of SBT. Rapid shallow breathing index will be simultaneously calculated at the bedside by a respiratory nurse.

Ethics and dissemination

The study protocol is approved by the ethics committee of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, an affiliate of Zhejiang University, Medical College. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and shared with the worldwide medical community.

Trial registration number

ISRCTN42917473; Pre-results.
The perspective of European researchers of national occupational safety and health institutes for contributing to a European research agenda: a modified Delphi study
Authors: Gagliardi Diana , Rondinone Bruna M , Mirabile Marco , Buresti Giuliana , Ellwood Peter , Hery Michel , Paszkiewicz Peter , Valenti Antonio , Iavicoli Sergio
Published: June 2017

Objectives

This study, developed within the frame of the Partnership for European Research on Occupational Safety and Health joint research activities and based on the frame designed by the 2013 European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA) study, is the first example of using the points of view of European occupational safety and health (OSH) researchers.

The objective is to identify priorities for OSH research that may contribute to the achievement of present and future sustainable growth objectives set by the European strategies.

Methods

The study was carried out using a modified Delphi method with a two-round survey. Each round involved a panel of about 110 researchers representing the network member institutes was selected according to specific criteria, including the ownership of research expertise in at least one of the four macroareas identified by the reference report developed by EU-OSHA in 2013.

Results

The study identified some innovative research topics (for example, ‘Emerging technological devices’ and ‘OSH consequences of markets integration’) and research priorities (ie, crowdsourcing, e-work, zero-hours contracts) that are not reflected in previous studies of this nature.

The absence of any reference to violence and harassment at work among the researchers’ proposals is a major difference from previous similar studies, while topics related to gender issues and electromagnetic fields show a lower importance.

Conclusions

The innovative design of a research priorities identification process, which takes advantage of a large, representative and qualified panel of European researchers allowed the definition of a number of research priorities able to support the inclusion of innovative OSH research issues in the scope of the next European research agenda.
Protocol for the residents in action pilot cluster randomised controlled trial (RiAT): evaluating a behaviour change intervention to promote walking, reduce sitting and improve mental health in physically inactive older adults in retirement villages
Authors: Thøgersen-Ntoumani Cecilie , Wright Ashlene , Quested Eleanor , Burton Elissa , Hill Keith D , Cerin Ester , Biddle Stuart J H , Ntoumanis Nikos
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Ageing is accompanied by increased risks of chronic disease, declined functioning and increased dependency. Physical activity is critical to retaining health and independence, but the majority of older people are insufficiently physically active to achieve these benefits and have high levels of sedentary (sitting) time. Activity programmes are often offered in retirement villages; however, their uptake is limited. Furthermore, although the physical environment in and around these villages can play an important role in decisions to be physically active, its role is often overlooked by research in these settings. We aim to develop, implement and evaluate a proof-of-concept motivationally embellished intervention designed to increase walking, reduce sitting and improve mental health in residents in retirement villages.

Methods and analysis

This will be a 16-week pilot intervention using a cluster randomised design with retirement villages as the unit of randomisation and residents as the unit of assessment. Fourteen retirement villages around Perth, Western Australia, will be recruited for the intervention. Objective audits of neighbourhood environments around each village will be completed using the Pathway Environmental Audit Tool. Seven villages will be randomised to the experimental arm and seven to the control arm. Only participants in the experimental arm will receivemotivationaltraining. All outcomes will be assessed at baseline, end of intervention and 6-month follow-up. Changes in physical activity levels, sitting time and mental health will be examined. Multilevel modelling will be used to analyse the data. A mixed methods process evaluation will also be conducted.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics approval was granted by Curtin University’s Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC2016-0187). The results of the study will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and reports to, and seminars with, stakeholders.

Trial registration

The trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12616001177448.
The impact of weight misperception on health-related quality of life in Korean adults (KNHANES 2007–2014): a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Park Susan , Lee Sejin , Hwang Jinseub , Kwon Jin-Won
Published: June 2017

Background/objectives

Weight perception, especially misperception, might affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL); however, related research is scarce and results remain equivocal. We examined the association between HRQoL and weight misperception by comparing obesity level as measured by body mass index (BMI) and weight perception in Korean adults.

Methods

Study subjects were 43 883 adults aged 19 years or older from cycles IV (2007–2009), V (2010–2012) and VI (2013–2014) of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multiple regression analyses comprising both logit and tobit models were conducted to evaluate the independent effect of obesity level as measured by BMI, weight perception and weight misperception on HRQoL after adjusting for demographics, socioeconomic status and number of chronic diseases. We also performed multiple regressions to explore the association between weight misperception and HRQoL stratified by BMI status.

Results

Obesity level as measured by BMI and weight perception were independently associated with low HRQoL in both separate and combined analyses. Weight misperception, including underestimation and overestimation, had a significantly negative impact on HRQoL. In subgroup analysis, subjects with BMI ranges from normal to overweight who misperceived their weight also had a high risk of low HRQoL. Overestimation of weight among obese subjects associated with low HRQoL, whereas underestimation of weight showed no significant association.

Conclusions

Both obesity level as measured by BMI and perceiving weight as fat were significant risk factors for low HRQoL. Subjects who incorrectly perceived their weight relative to their BMI status were more likely to report impaired HRQoL, particularly subjects with BMI in the normal to overweight range. Based on these findings, we recommend political and clinical efforts to better inform individuals about healthy weight status and promote accurate weight perception.
Work-related psychosocial factors and onset of metabolic syndrome among workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Sakuraya Asuka , Watanabe Kazuhiro , Kawakami Norito , Imamura Kotaro , Ando Emiko , Asai Yumi , Eguchi Hisashi , Kobayashi Yuka , Nishida Norimitsu , Arima Hideaki , Shimazu Akihito , Tsutsumi Akizumi
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Metabolic syndrome is an important public health target because of its high prevalence worldwide. Work-related psychosocial factors have been identified as determinants of metabolic syndrome components. However, there have been no systematic reviews or meta-analyses conducted to evaluate the relationship between work-related psychosocial factors and metabolic syndrome as an aggregated cluster. The aim of this study is to examine this association from published prospective studies.

Methods and analysis

The systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted using published studies that will be identified from electronic databases (ie, PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES and Japan Medical Abstracts Society). Studies that (1) examined the association between work-related psychosocial factors and the onset of metabolic syndrome, (2) had a longitudinal or prospective cohort design, (3) were conducted among workers, (4) provided sufficient data for calculating ORs or relative risk with a 95% CI, (5) were published as original articles written in English or Japanese, and (6) having been published until the end of 2016 will be included. Study selection, data collection, quality assessment and statistical syntheses will be conducted based on discussions among investigators.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics approval was not required for this study because it was based on published studies. The results and findings of this study will be submitted and published in a scientific peer-reviewed journal. The findings from this study could be useful for assessing metabolic syndrome risk factors in the workplace, and determining approaches for prevention of metabolic syndrome in the future.

Trial registration number

PROSPERO CRD42016039096 (http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO_REBRANDING/display_record.asp?ID=CRD42016039096)
A multicentre, randomised controlled, non-inferiority trial, comparing nasal high flow with nasal continuous positive airway pressure as primary support for newborn infants with early respiratory distress born in Australian non-tertiary special care nurseries (the HUNTER trial): study protocol
Authors: Manley Brett J , Roberts Calum T , Arnolda Gaston R B , Wright Ian M R , Owen Louise S , Dalziel Kim M , Foster Jann P , Davis Peter G , Buckmaster Adam G
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Nasal high-flow (nHF) therapy is a popular mode of respiratory support for newborn infants. Evidence for nHF use is predominantly from neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). There are no randomised trials of nHF use in non-tertiary special care nurseries (SCNs). We hypothesise that nHF is non-inferior to nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) as primary support for newborn infants with respiratory distress, in the population cared for in non-tertiary SCNs.

Methods and analysis

The HUNTER trial is an unblinded Australian multicentre, randomised, non-inferiority trial. Infants are eligible if born at a gestational age ≥31 weeks with birth weight ≥1200 g and admitted to a participating non-tertiary SCN, are <24 hours old at randomisation and require non-invasive respiratory support or supplemental oxygen for >1 hour. Infants are randomised to treatment with either nHF or CPAP. The primary outcome is treatment failure within 72 hours of randomisation, as determined by objective oxygenation, apnoea or blood gas criteria or by a clinical decision that urgent intubation and mechanical ventilation, or transfer to a tertiary NICU, is required. Secondary outcomes include incidence of pneumothorax requiring drainage, duration of respiratory support, supplemental oxygen and hospitalisation, costs associated with hospital care, cost-effectiveness, parental stress and satisfaction and nursing workload.

Ethics and dissemination

Multisite ethical approval for the study has been granted by The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Trial Reference No. 34222), and by each participating site. The trial is currently recruiting in eight centres in Victoria and New South Wales, Australia, with one previous site no longer recruiting. The trial results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will be presented at national and international conferences.

Trial registration number

Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12614001203640; pre-results.
The effect of magnesium supplementation on vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease—a randomised clinical trial (MAGiCAL-CKD): essential study design and rationale
Authors: Bressendorff Iain , Hansen Ditte , Schou Morten , Kragelund Charlotte , Brandi Lisbet
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality, which is thought to be caused by increased propensity towards vascular calcification (VC). Magnesium (Mg) inhibits phosphate-induced VC in vitro and in animal models and serum Mg is inversely associated with cardiovascular mortality in predialysis CKD and in end-stage renal disease. This paper will describe the design and rationale of a randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled multicentre clinical trial, which will investigate whether oral Mg supplementation can prevent the progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC) in subjects with predialysis CKD.

Methods and analysis

We will randomise 250 subjects with estimated glomerular filtration rate of 15 to 45 mL/min/1.73 m2to 12 months treatment with either slow-release Mg hydroxide 30 mmol/day or matching placebo in a 1:1 ratio. The primary end point is change in CAC score as measured by CT at baseline and after 12 months treatment. Secondary end points include change in pulse wave velocity, bone mineral density, measures of mineral metabolism and clinical end points related to cardiovascular and renal events.

Ethics and dissemination

This trial has been approved by the local biomedical research ethics committees and data protection agencies and will be performed in accordance with the latest revision of the Helsinki Declaration. The trial will examine for the first time the effect of increasing the uptake of a putative VC inhibitor (ie, Mg) on progression of CAC in subjects with predialysis CKD.

Trial registration number

NCT02542319, pre-results.
Facilitators and barriers to participation of private sector health facilities in government-led schemes for maternity services in India: a qualitative study
Authors: Yadav Vikas , Kumar Somesh , Balasubramaniam Sudharsanam , Srivastava Ashish , Pallipamula Suranjeen , Memon Parvez , Singh Dinesh , Bhargava Saurabh , Sunil Greeshma Ann , Sood Bulbul
Published: June 2017

Objective

Despite provision of accreditation of private sector health providers in government-led schemes for maternity services in India, their participation has been low. This has led to an underutilisation of their presence, resources and expertise for providing quality maternal and newborn health services. This study explores the perception of various stakeholders on expectations, benefits, barriers and facilitators to private sector participation in government-led schemes—specifically Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY)—for maternity service delivery.

Design

Narrative-based qualitative study. Face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted with study participants. The interviews were transcribed, translated and analysed using a reflexive and inductive approach to allow codes, categories and themes to emerge from within the data.

Setting

Private obstetricians, government health officials and FOGSI (Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecological Societies of India) members, Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh, India.

Participants

Eighteen purposefully selected private obstetricians from 9 cities across states of Uttar Pradesh and Jharkhand, 11 government health officials and 2 FOGSI members.

Results

The major factors serving as barriers to participation of private practitioners in JSY—which emerged on thematic analysis—were low reimbursement amounts, delayed reimbursements, process of interaction with the government and administrative issues, previous experiences and trust deficit, lack of clarity on the accreditation process and patient-level barriers. On the other hand, factors which were facilitators to participation of private practitioners were ease of process, better communication, branding, motivation of increasing clientele as well as satisfaction of doing social service.

Conclusion

Factors such as financial processes and administrative delays, mistrust between the stakeholders, ambiguity in processes, lack of transparency and lack of ease in the process of empanelment of private sector are hindering effective public–private partnerships under JSY. Simplifying and strengthening the processes, communication strategies and branding can help revitalise it.
Subcutaneous magnesium in the advanced cancer setting
Authors: Fenning Stephen J , Boyce Steinunn R , Wilson Paul , Stretton Fran
Published: June 2017

Hypomagnesaemia can arise from a variety of causes but is particularly prevalent in cancer populations. This case report describes a patient with recurrent symptomatic hypomagnesaemia, on the background of advanced ovarian cancer and a high-output ileostomy, who was successfully managed on a daily continuous subcutaneous infusion of magnesium via a syringe pump. There is limited published information on the subcutaneous administration of magnesium and, to our knowledge, this is the first case to report its routine delivery over 24 hours in a syringe pump. This novel but effective approach for administering magnesium can be delivered in the community and can, therefore, prevent repeated hospital admissions for patients with recurrent symptomatic hypomagnesaemia who would otherwise need intravenous replacement.
Red blood cell distribution width and ischaemic stroke
Authors: Feng Gang-Hua , Li Hai-Peng , Li Qiu-Li , Fu Ying , Huang Ren-Bin
Published: June 2017

The red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a measure of red blood cell (RBC) size heterogeneity, which is easily calculated by dividing the SD of erythrocyte volumes for the mean corpuscular volume. Recent reporter suggested that, besides haematological diseases and anaemia, many human disorders may be closely associated with the elevated RDW. A literature review has revealed the RDW may be closely related to the development of ischaemic stroke, carotid artery atherosclerosis and cerebral embolism. Higher RDW could independently predict adverse outcomes in patients in these conditions.
Prevalence of individual and bulk tank milk antibodies of bovine herpesvirus type 1 and its relation to milk quality parameters on dairy farms in Catalonia (north‐east Spain)
Authors: Armengol Ramon , Villalba Daniel , Coma Ester , Porquet Lourdes , Jubert Anna , Nogareda Carmina
Published: June 2017

Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV‐1) is the causative agent for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and infectious pustular vulvovaginitis in cows or balanoposthitis in bulls. In this study, individual and bulk tank milk (BTM) samples from 5 Catalan dairy farms with different control strategies against BoHV‐1 were analysed during the course of a year for milk quality parameters and glycoprotein E (gE) antibodies. Detection of gE antibodies was carried out with ELISA techniques. Prevalence of BoHV‐1 varied between farms, and was stable during the study in individual and BTM samples. Comparing the antibody results of samples with milk quality parameters, positive samples with higher levels of antibodies corresponded to lower lactose and to higher percentages of fat and somatic cells.
Regional study of controls on reservoir quality in the Triassic Skagerrak Formation of the Central North Sea
Authors: Akpokodje M. , Melvin A. , Churchill J. , Burns S. , Morris J. , Kape S. , Wakefield M. , Ameerali R.
Published: June 2017

An improved understanding of the controls on reservoir quality is key to ongoing and future exploration of the Central North Sea Triassic play. This paper presents a regional integrated study of 50 000 ft of wireline log data, 10 000 ft of core, 4431 routine core analyses measurements and 377 thin sections from 86 cored wells.

Triassic Skagerrak Formation sandstones represent thin-bedded heterogeneous reservoirs deposited in a dryland fluvial–lacustrine setting. Fluvial-channel facies are typically fine–medium grained and characterized by a low clay content, whilst lake-margin terminal splay facies are finer grained, more argillaceous and micaceous. Lacustrine intervals are mud-dominated. Primary depositional textures retain a primary control on porosity evolution through burial. Optimal reservoir quality occurs in aerially and stratigraphically restricted fluvial-channel tracts on the Drake, Greater Marnock, Puffin and Gannet terraces, and the J-Ridge area. These primary textural and compositional controls are overprinted by mechanical compaction, the development of early overpressure and diagenesis. Anomalously high porosities are retained at depth in fluvial sandstones that have a low degree of compaction and cementation, including chlorite. Forward modelling of reservoir quality using Touchstone™ software has been validated using well UK 30/8-3 where reservoir depths are >16 000 ft TVDSS (true vertical depth subsea).