bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les pères, entre travail et familles [Les enseignements de quelques enquêtes]
Authors: Méda Dominique , Cette Gilbert , Dromel Nicolas
Published: September 2013

Fathers caught between work and family. Some survey findings.

In all countries, time use is differentiated between the sexes. While the disparity in the time men and women spend on domestic activities has narrowed, this trend owes little to increased input from men. This is especially true for household tasks and for time spent with the children. The arrival of a child affects fathers in their working lives much less than mothers. However, a proportion of fathers, notably those with the highest educational level, are observed to be adopting discourses and behaviour similar to those of the mothers-reporting notably that they reduced their working time when a child arrived-and also complaining about a lack of time to spend with their children and about the conflict of responsibilities. Do men''s professional commitments, in particular, « force » them to look after the children less than the mothers do, and would they increase their involvement if they had more time ? Experience in France of the statutory reduction in working hours supplies some answers to this question. One of the main findings is that when fathers have experienced a reduction in their working time, they look after their children more, especially when their partners work full-time and have had no reduction in their own working time.
Les «solidarités familiales» dans l’espace public. Émergence et controverses dans le cas de la dépendance des personnes âgées
Authors: Minonzio Jérôme
Published: September 2013

The family as a setting for solidarity is a stock image of familialist rhetoric. Yet the social and political representations associated with the «family solidarity » theme have changed profoundly since family policy was first introduced. The importance given to this theme in scientific and political discussion during the 1990s attests to a reversal of paradigm. This transformation concerns not only scientific analysis of mutual support within the family and kin group, but also the political role attributed to it in the welfare state system of collective solidarity. The case of dependency among elderly people illustrates how changes in scientific conceptions with regard to the supportive functions of the family have in turn found expression in social policy. The role of the family in the system of social protection appears profoundly transformed.
La solidarité familiale dans le cadre de l’aide sociale
Authors: Grévy Manuela
Published: September 2013

L’aide sociale impose aux familles – notamment aux enfants et petits-enfants – de contribuer, aux côtés de la collectivité, à la prise en charge de leurs parents dans le besoin. Cette solidarité familiale prend appui sur une obligation du Code civil – l’obligation alimentaire – ainsi que ses « dérivées », les récupérations sur succession, legs et donation. Comment cette solidarité est-elle envisagée par les textes et mise en oeuvre dans le cadre des politiques départementales d’aide sociale et devant les juridictions de l’aide sociale ? Au-delà, quelles relations se nouent entre les deux ensembles de règles – droit civil et droit de l’aide sociale – et, partant, entre les deux juges – juge aux affaires familiales et juge de l’aide sociale – qui, en la matière, co-existent ?
L’aide sociale départementale en direction des personnes âgées
Authors: Mauguin Jocelyne
Published: September 2013

As a complement to the article by Manuela Grévy, «Family solidarity at the centre of social assistance » published in the present issue of

Recherches et Prévisions, this article presents the forms of social assistance for dependent elderly people provided by the French departments and details the levels of funding involved.
La dispersion spatiale des familles: un problème de taille. Les solidarités familiales de 1800 à 1940
Authors: Bourdieu Jérôme , Postel-Vinay Gilles , Rosental Paul-André , Suwa-Eisenmann Akiko
Published: September 2013

Cet article étudie les solidarités familiales en France, entre 1800 et 1940, à travers le prisme des relations au sein des fratries et de la répartition spatiale de leurs membres, en utilisant les données démographiques, économiques et historiques de la base TRA-patrimoine. L’espace familial est caractérisé à partir d’un indicateur distinguant sédentarité, migrations de courte distance et migrations de longue distance. Dans ce cadre est testée l’hypothèse – souvent évoquée mais rarement mise à l’épreuve empiriquement – selon laquelle les familles nombreuses manifestent des comportements sociodémographiques différents des autres. La taille constitue un facteur de différenciation des fonctionnements familiaux, mais selon des modalités différentes de celles que l’on pourrait attendre. À la logique étroitement économique qui ferait du nombre un facteur d’éclatement (au moins spatial) des familles en raison de difficultés inhérentes au partage, s’ajoutent des mécanismes plus subtils qui déterminent la faculté des membres de la famille à bouger ou non ensemble.
Composition of Cypripedium calceolus (Orchidaceae) seeds analyzed by attenuated total reflectance IR spectroscopy: In search of understanding longevity in the ground
Authors: Barsberg Søren , Rasmussen Hanne N. , Kodahl Nete
Published: September 2013

• Premise of the study: Orchid seeds are minute and covered with a thin coat, yet they often have a long life after dispersal. They are notorious for low and irregular germination, in nature as well as in vitro. Since orchids are often rare species of conservational and commercial interest, reproduction by seeds is an important concern. The purpose of this study was to learn more about the resilience of these highly specialized seeds and stimulatory processes toward germination.

• Methods: We studied testa and embryos of Cypripedium calceolus to identify natural components in intact seeds and the impact of 7 yr in soil in its natural habitat. We also analyzed the effects of Ca(OCl)2, used technically to enhance germination for cultivation in vitro. For the first time with this kind of plant material, we used attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy, an ideal method for minute sample sizes and surface selectivity. Thus, we could link treatments with changes in seed surface chemistry.

• Key results: A lignin‐like polymer is an essential testa component that undergoes degradation by soil or hypochlorite processes. In both cases, we found a build‐up of CaCO3 on the testa, which could interact with lignin to enhance germination. Very minor changes occurred in embryo reserve nutrient content after a long sojourn underground, which supports their continued viability.

• Conclusions: We suggest that degradation of lignin and enrichment of the testa surface with CaCO3 are important stimulants of germination both in the habitat and during laboratory sowing.
Quelle hospitalité pour la folie en addictologie ?
Authors: Brenon Estelle , Le Breton Julien
Published: September 2013

Notre expérience clinique comme plusieurs études internationales ont montré la forte prévalence du double diagnostic ainsi que ses conséquences néfastes tant aux niveaux médical, psychiatrique, socioprofessionnel et judiciaire. Le système de soins ne semble pas répondre de façon satisfaisante aux besoins complexes de cette population, à cause, notamment, du clivage historique entre les deux champs d’intervention concernés. Le centre médical Marmottan est spécialisé dans l’accueil et le suivi des usagers de drogues. Nous y avons mené une étude sur 100 dossiers tirés au sort, avec comme objectifs principaux d’évaluer la prévalence des troubles psychiatriques comorbides, d’étudier les modalités et les difficultés de leurs prises en charge au sein de cette structure. Il ressort que 69 % ont ou ont eu un trouble psychiatrique associé, dont 18,5 % de troubles psychotiques. La prise en charge (= PEC) « intégrée » est le plus souvent privilégiée, et a montré une supériorité significative sur l’évolution. L’orientation vers une autre structure et la PEC « parallèle » est plus souvent utilisée pour les patients psychotiques. L’amélioration de l’articulation des soins entre les champs psychiatriques et addictologiques semble indispensable, en luttant contre les représentations négatives des soignants vis-à-vis de ces patients difficiles par le développement d’un réel travail de collaboration interinstitutionnel et d’une formation spécifique des équipes soignantes et médicales.
La dépression anaclitique de la Personnalité Limite Addictive : l'influence des mécanismes de défense immatures
Authors: Lecointe Perrine , Bernoussi Amal , Masson Joanic , Wawrzyniak Michel
Published: September 2013

L’objectif de cette étude est de mettre en évidence, chez la Personnalité Limite Addictive Tabacologique (P.L.A.T.a), l’influence des mécanismes de défense immatures (clivage, déni, agir) sur la dépression anaclitique (évitement ou décompensation), dans un contexte d’expérience cancéreuse. La population se compose de 5 sujets adultes, âgés de 48 à 64 ans. La P.L.A.T.a est diagnostiquée, à partir de deux entretiens semi-directifs. Les évaluations comportent deux échelles d’évaluation (Defense Style Questionnaire-40 [DSQ-40], Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HAD]), complétées par des analyses cliniques, portant sur le discours des sujets, au cours des différents entretiens. Les résultats montrent qu’une utilisation importante et efficiente du clivage et du déni maintient l’évitement de la dépression anaclitique alors qu’une faible utilisation de ces mécanismes de défense, traduisant leur débordement, entraine la décompensation sous le mode de la dépression anaclitique. L’agir participe à l’évitement psychique mais son utilisation n’influence pas, autant que le clivage et le déni, la dépression anaclitique (évitement ou décompensation).
Recycling of fresh concrete exceeding and wash water in concrete mixing plants
Authors: Férriz Papí J. A.
Published: September 2013

The exceeding concrete and washing equipment water are a matter to solve in concrete production. This paper explains several possibilities for recycling and analyses the products obtained with one recycling equipment. The objective of this work is to study the possibility to increase the percentage of recycling in new mixes. The developed study relates wash water density and fine particles content. Besides, mortar and concrete samples were tested introducing different quantities of these fine particles, substituting cement, sand or only as an addition. Consistency, compressive strength, setting time, absorption, and capillarity were tested. The results indicated an improvement of the studied properties in some percentages when substituting sand. It confirms the possibility to introduce larger quantities of wash water in new concrete mixes, with corrections in sand quantity depending on water density.
FPGA-Based Object Detection and Motion Tracking in Micro- and Nanorobotics
Authors: Diederichs Claas , Fatikow Sergej
Published: September 2013

Object-detection and classification is a key task in micro- and nanohandling. The microscopic imaging is often the only available sensing technique to detect information about the positions and orientations of objects. FPGA-based image processing is superior to state of the art PC-based image processing in terms of achievable update rate, latency and jitter. A connected component labeling algorithm is presented and analyzed for its high speed object detection and classification feasibility. The features of connected components are discussed and analyzed for their feasibility with a single-pass connected component labeling approach, focused on principal component analysis-based features. It is shown that an FPGA implementation of the algorithm can be used for high-speed tool tracking as well as object classification inside optical microscopes. Furthermore, it is shown that an FPGA implementation of the algorithm can be used to detect and classify carbon-nanotubes (CNTs) during image acquisition in a scanning electron microscope, allowing fast object detection before the whole image is captured.
Study on Microstructure and Tensile Properties of New Cu-Al Bi-Metal Tubes Versus Pure Copper Tubes
Authors: Baghdadi Amirhossein , Sajuri Zainuddin , Syarif Junaidi
Published: September 2013

In recent years, heating, ventilation and air condition (HVAC) industries have attempted to find alternative materials such as aluminum for replacing copper metal because of a light weight metal with relatively lower market price compared to copper. This study characterizes microstructure and tensile properties of new Cu-Al bi-metal tubes (aluminum cladded copper (ACC) and copper cladded aluminum (CCA)) versus copper phosphorous alloy tube in order to estimate the possibility of implementing the composite tubes in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning industries. The result shows that Cu phosphorus alloy tubes has the highest tensile properties followed by CCA and ACC bi-metal tubes and different tube size does not affect the tensile properties of tube of the same type.
Microstructure Characterization of Low Density EPS
Authors: Jose Angel Diosdado De La Pena , Hector Plascencia Mora , Miguel Torres Cisneros , de Lourdes Mondragon Sanchez Maria
Published: September 2013

This paper presents a procedure to determine the geometry of a representative unit cell for low density expandable polystyrene foams (EPS), specifically, 8.5 kg/m3, 12 kg/m3and 23 kg/m3. Several researches used different geometries to describe a unit cell, but none indicate neither how they established the shape of it nor how they determinate its dimensions. The foam specimens preparation is described in order to be observed in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the average edge length and average face thickness are calculated, based on SEM images. A mathematical procedure to calculate the size that the edge geometry would present is described and is based on an analytic model available in literature. With the obtained values, a theoretical geometry adjusted to a tetrakaidecahedron was built in CAD software. Thereupon, this geometry is compared with the SEM observations, from this comparison it is concluded that said model is not applicable to these low density EPS foams. Finally, the geometry is readjusted to obtain a representative unit cell able to be used in future research.
Analysis of the Cutting Zone Machinability during the Drilling of Cast Iron GTW 35-04
Authors: Jurko Jozef , Berdis Andrej , Gecák Ján , Nemcová Janka
Published: September 2013

This paper presents the conclusions of machinability tests on a Cast Iron GTW 35-04. The content of this article also focuses on the analysis of selected basic indicators of steel machinability: quality of the processed surface. The results of the article are conclusions for working theory and practice for drillng of cast iron. Based on the cutting tests, cutting speeds of 50 to 100 m/min, feed rate of 0.1 to 1.0 mm and screw drill carbide monolite.
A Comment on Fay's Formulae about the Spread of Oil Slick on Water Surface
Authors: Wu Zhao Chun
Published: September 2013

Fays formulae of oil spreading in open calm sea are widely quoted in relevant literatures. According to Fays model, the spread of oil slick on water surface can be divided into three different stages, i.e., gravity-inertia stage, gravity-viscous stage and surface tension-viscous stage. Through the analysis of Fays formulae by numerical example, an implied feature of oil spill is revealed that when the oil spill volume is lower than a certain amount, the second stage of oil spreading might not exist. Meanwhile, the numerical example shows that the length of spreading time of oil slick at each stage depends strongly on the oil spill volume.
Micro-Mechanical Analysis of Composites Reinforced with Discontinuous Fibers with Large Aspect Ratio
Authors: Žmindák Milan , Dudinsky Martin , Pelagić Zoran
Published: September 2013

Properties of fiber composites reinforced with fibers greatly depend on the choice of fiber and matrix. Their mechanical properties and geometry influence the stress state in composite. In this paper the Method of Continuous Source Functions (MCSF) employing Trefftz Radial Basis Functions (TRBF) is presented. This method does not require any mesh. The focus will be given to the application of TRBF in form of dipoles to the simulation of composites reinforced with fibers of finite length with large aspect ratio. In presented example as well as in other linear problems, only nodes on the domain boundaries and a set of source functions in points outside the solution domain are necessary to satisfy the boundary conditions. Finally employing of MCSF for analysis of patch of glass fibers embedded in epoxy matrix subjected to far field stress is shown.
Contribution to Multiaxial Damage Calculation Using FEM
Authors: Kopas Peter , Milan Saga , Uhríčik Milan
Published: September 2013

The paper deals with chosen criterions designed for calculation of multiaxial cumulative fatigue damage. Algorithms are implemented into the programming language MATLAB. Necessary inputs for calculation of cumulative fatigue damage are usually stresses and strains. These data have obtained from FE analysis. Presented approaches have applied for damage prediction of the piston-rod of the car engine.
Performance Analyses of the Spiral Groove Dry Gas Seal with Inner Annular Groove
Authors: Li Ying , Song Peng Yun , Xu Heng Jie
Published: September 2013

In order to improve the performance of the spiral groove dry gas seal (S-DGS), the spiral groove dry gas seal with an inner annular groove (AS-DGS) was invented. Based on the narrow groove theory, the sealing performance parameters of the AS-DGS were gained by using approximate analytical method to solve the gas film pressure control equations, and the results were compared with those of the common S-DGS. The results show that, in the given operating conditions, the opening force of AS-DGS is smaller than that of the S-DGS with the difference less than 0.5%, and the film stiffness is larger than that of the common S-DGS with the difference less than 5% in the case of low-speed or high-pressure operation, but the leakage is a little larger.
Experimental Research on Cavitation Characteristics of a Novel Hybrid Journal Bearing
Authors: Yang Ying , Dai Jing Hua , Li Xu
Published: September 2013

Under high and super high speed, the oil film of a journal bearing is easy to crack and then becomes cavitation. The existence of cavitation has a great effect on the work performance of the bearing. The cavitation mechanism of a spiral oil wedge journal bearing was investigated on the experimental rig. The effects of rotating speed and supply pressure on the cavitation shape of oil film and the number of cavitation strip in the rupture zone were analyzed. The results show that the cavitation shape of oil film is a long strip. The number of cavitation strip increases when supply pressure has been improved, and the location of oil outlet must be designed optimally.
Effect of Dosage and Modulus of Water Glass on AC Impedance Properties of Alkali-Activated Slag Cement Mortar
Authors: He Fu Qiang , An Xiao Peng
Published: September 2013

Compressive strength and AC impedance of mortar made with water-glass-activated slag were investigated as a dependence of modulus (0.5-2.0) and dosage (2-6%) of the water-glass. Results shown that when the dosage of water glass is 2- 4 %, the modulus of the water glass has a little effect on the compressive strength. In the case of the dosage of water glass is beyond 4 %, when modulus of the water glass change from 0.5-1.0, the compressive strength obviously increases with increase of modulus of water glass and when modulus of the water glass change from 1.0-2.0, the modulus of the water glass has a little effect on the compressive strength. The strength increases with increase of the dosage from 2 to 6%. In the case same dosage and modulus, there is a rather good power correlation between the bulk resistance and the activated age. With increase of the dosage, the bulk resistance significantly decreases when the dosage is below 4%. The decreasing degree is small when the dosage is beyond 4%. The decreasing degree derived from the dosage increases with the activated age. The effect of the modulus on the bulk resistance depends on range of the dosage. However, it can be regarded that when the dosage is 4% and 6%, the modulus has small effect on the bulk resistance in the case of all the dosages.
Study on Carbonization Test of Manufactured Sand Concrete
Authors: Xu Da Zhen , Li Gu Hua , Liao Zhuang Zhi , Yan Hai Wei
Published: September 2013

To study the impact of mineral admixtures and water-binder ratio on carbonization resistance of high performance manufactured sand concrete, high performance concrete of single mixed flyash, admixing silica fume and no admixture were compounded, carbonation depth of 3d, 7d, 14d and 28d was recorded by the way of indoor test. The test results show that with the decrease of water-binder ratio, carbonation resistance of high performance manufactured sand concrete increase, and when the concrete compressive strength is over 55Mpa, carbonation resistance is good, and when water-binder ratio is lower than 0.38, the impact of mineral admixtures on the carbonation resistance can be neglected.
Synthesis and Property of Nano-SiO2/Silicone-Acrylate Emulsion Composite Coatings for Concrete Surface Protection
Authors: Liao Ling Min , Liang Hui , Chen Liang , Wang Zai Qin , Wang Shan Feng
Published: September 2013

In this paper, a new type of nano-SiO2/silicone-acrylate emulsion composite coatings were synthesized through the modification and dispersion of nano-SiO2 mixed with waterborne resin, dispersant, etc., and successive compounding with silicone-acrylate emulsion. The effects of dispersant concentration, PH value and the addition of waterborne resin on the dispersion stability of the nano-SiO2 aqueous suspension were explored through infrared spectrum, X-ray diffraction techniques and sedimentation test, as well as the influence of thickener and defoamer agent on the performance of the composite coatings. It was found that the nano-SiO2/silicone-acrylate emulsion composite coatings had good properties of weather resistance, anti-abrasion, acid and alkaline resistance and water resistance and so on, which could effectively improve the durability of concrete. So they can be widely used in surface protection of hydraulic constructions.
Experimental Research on Compaction Standard of Subgrade for Low Liquid Limit Silt in Shanxi Area
Authors: Wu Xi Rong , Shen Jun Ming
Published: September 2013

Through indoor tests, the influence of compactness and the water content on the CBR and resilient modulus was analyzed. The experiment results indicate that double indexes of degree of compaction and percent air voids designed, or single index of field percent air voids should be applied in construction.
A Study of New Type of Earthquake-Resistant and Crack-Resistant Block
Authors: Zhang Jun Jie , Xu Nuo , Zhong Mei Hui
Published: September 2013

Lightweight concrete blocks, when under the affection of earthquake, will cause negative affection on the performance of the frame structure[1], but many designers will only take the calculation method into consideration with the neglect of the design of the block structure. This article, which summarizes some previous studies, has designed a new type earthquake-resistant and crack-resistant Block, which is formed by the base block and rubber integrated earthquake-resistant block. This kind of block filled wall, which is similar to viscous damper,will reduce the negative affection on the performance of the frame structure and enhance the frame structure of the earthquake-resistant capacity. By the coordinating of earthquakereducing convex block and earthquake reducing trench on the base, interact links between the block will be strengthened, so that to strengthen the crack-resistant capacity of the wall.
The Time Domain Simulation of Non-Stationary Road Roughness
Authors: Wang Hao , Shi Xiao Mei
Published: September 2013

The input of road roughness, which affects the ride comfort and the handling stability of vehicle, is the main excitation for the running vehicle. The time history of the road roughness was researched with the random phases, based on the stationary power spectrum density of the road roughness determined by the standards. Through the inverse Fourier transform, the random phases can be used to get the road roughness in time domain, together with the amplitude. Then, the time domain simulation of the non-stationary random excitation when the vehicle ran at the changing speed, would also be studied based on the random phases. It is proved that the random road excitation for the vehicle with the changing speed is stationary modulated evolution random excitation, and its power spectrum density is the stationary modulated evolutionary power spectrum density. And the numerical results for the time history of the non-stationary random inputs were also provided. The time history of the non-stationary random road can be used to evaluate the ride comfort of the vehicle which is running at the changing speed.
Simulation for Wind Pressure of Pedestrian Bridge Induced by Main Line Train
Authors: Jiang Li , Liu Jia , Li Shu Jin , Ji Bai Feng , Du You Fu
Published: September 2013

Wind pressure of pedestrian bridge induced by main line train has been investigated using numerical simulation. Based on time-filtered Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations, meanwhile, the RNG k-ε turbulent model is selected to close the equations, the three-dimensional incompressible unsteady flow computational fluid dynamics model have been established by commercial software FLUENT. The distribution of wind pressure and the time histories of wind pressure on surface of the bottom of bridge are obtained, moreover, the characteristics of variation process are summarized.
Numerical Simulation for Uplift Bearing Capacity and Affecting Factors of the Digging Piles in Slope Ground
Authors: Wang Xing Yun , Peng Bin , Tang Xiao Chao , Fan Lian
Published: September 2013

Based on the numerical simulation method, this paper has established the numerical simulation method by using of finite difference software of FLAC3D through establishing interface for digging pile-soil. It can consider mutual effect of digging pile-soil. The uplift bearing capacity of the digging pile in slope ground was calculated and the affecting factors of the bearing capacity were analyzed. The results show that the uplift bearing capacity has a negative correlation with the slope ratio, and has a positive correlation with the width or height of the foundation, which can be expressed as a quadratic polynomial. But when the slope ratio is smaller than a certain extent, the capacity no longer increases. Nonlinear regression analysis of calculation data are carried out. Finally, the calculation method of uplift bearing capacity about pile in the slope is developed, which can provide a reference to specification revision and engineering.
Stability Analysis of Jointed Rock Slope Using Shear Strength Reduction Approach
Authors: Cao Li Juan , Liu Yu Ning , Shangguan Zi Chang
Published: September 2013

Finite element method is used to compute the factor of safety of jointed rock slope. The stability of jointed rock slope is simulated by using shear strength reduction approach. Mohr-Coulomb fracture criterion is used to evaluate the sticking or sliding state of jointed rock mass. The distribution of plastic zone at collapse state is determined. Numerical computational results show that the proposed procedure is effective to evaluate stability of jointed rock slope.
The Effect of Alkali Treatment on Wood Crystalline Structure and Micro-Structural Model
Authors: Xue Zhen Hua , Xie Yun Huan , Zhu Hong Zhi
Published: September 2013

The penetrability of wood can be improved by alkali treatment. In this study, Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)Hook) was treated by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium hydroxide-ultrasonic (NaOH/US). The NaOH solution was 3%, the impregnation time was 48h and the ultrasonic treatment time was 30min. The crystalline region of the pretreated samples was analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the results showed that the diffractive peak of 002 crystal faces was lower and crystallinity decreased after the alkali treatment. It proved that some boding of crystalline region was cut off and area of amorphous increased. In this paper, molecular model was constructed to explain the effect of alkali treatment on wood crystalline structure.
Research on Coagulation/Sedimentation Process for Fluoride Removal in Simulation Wastewater
Authors: Zhai Lin Zhi , Sun Yi Han , Wang Teng , He Cheng
Published: September 2013

Experiments were carried out with the simulated fluoride-containing wastewater to study the fluoride removal. The effects on the residual fluoride concentration were investigated using lime-sedimentation and coagulation/sedimentation. The results showed that the fluoride contents were among 30mg/L～50mg/L, with lime alone. The residual fluoride concentrations of 600mg/L, 900mg/L and 1200mg/L solution decreased to below 10mg/L, using Ca(OH)2+FeCl3+PAM. The fluoride concentrations of 300mg/L, 600mg/L, 900mg/L, 1200mg/L fluoride wastewater remained below 10mg/L by Ca(OH)2+PFS+PAM. Comparing two methods, the supernatant was relatively clear with Ca(OH)2+PFS+PAM, which had better settling performance. It suggested PFS and PAM has an important increase effect on the fluoride removal, and the optimum conditions: PFS was 0.1mL, fluoride-calcium ratio was 2:1.15.
Numerical Modeling of Oil Spill with Tidal and Wind-Driven Coupled Model in Bohai Bay
Authors: Li Ming Chang , Zhang Guang Yu , Si Qi , Liang Shu Xiu , Sun Zhao Chen
Published: September 2013

Based on the hydrodynamic model and wind field data, a multi-module coupled oil spill model is constructed for simulating the trajectory of oil movement. A case study is researched in Bohai Bay. The model works well and the numerical simulation results show the model is suitable for oil spill trajectory simulation. Two cases are considered with and without wind to show its important influence for the oil spill.
Preparation of Nano WO3-Doped Materials and Optical Properties
Authors: Sun Bao Jiang
Published: September 2013

As metal oxide semiconductor, tungsten oxide is studied and applied extensively because of its electrochromic property, gasochromic property, photochromic property, and gas sensing property. In this paper, the doped and undoped WO3were prepared by the precipitation method and the molten salt method. The crystals were characterized by FT-IR spectrometer and fluorescence spectrometer. The fluorescence spectra showed that the doping lanthanum and strontium can effectively improve the luminescence properties of the product. IR spectra indicated that the products contain WO3and H2O. The photocatalytical degradation of methyl orange under UV light irradiation using WO3was investigated, which shows that the iron-doping can effectively improve the WO3photocatalytic degradation activity.
The Analysis of the Flutter Region of Wind Turbine Blade
Authors: Wang Hao , Ma Bing , Ding Jiao Jiao
Published: September 2013

As the wind turbine blade is becoming larger and larger, the flutter of the wind turbine blade has been paid great attention by many fields. The flutter region of the wind turbine blade airfoil was focused on. The equation of motion for the flutter of blade airfoil was established, based on the simplified aerodynamic force and torque. The flutter analysis of wind turbine blade was carried out with the four-order Runge-Kutta methods, and so the flutter region of the blade airfoil can be obtained. The results show that, there are two critical tip speed ratios for the given blade airfoil. When the tip speed ratio is below the low critical speed ratio, the blade airfoil is convergent. At the low tip speed ratio, the blade airfoil system will become divergent from convergent condition. When the tip speed ratio is between the low critical tip speed ratio and the high one, the blade airfoil system will diverge. At the high tip speed ratio, the system will become convergent from divergent condition. When the tip speed ratio is above the high critical tip speed ratio, the blade airfoil system will converge again. In addition, the torsional angular displacement and velocity always keep convergent, the flap velocity is slightly divergent, because they are not sensible to the change of the tip speed ratio, and they are difficult to cause flutter, so the torsional motion will be more stable than flap motion for the given blade airfoil. It can provide one of references for the determination of the blade airfoil.
The Influence Area of a Supersonically Expanding Spherical Inclusion
Authors: Su Xiao Jun , Huang Su Rong
Published: September 2013

The expression for the elastic field of an expanding spherical inclusion in an infinite isotropic elastic medium is presented. The influence area of a supersonically expanding spherical inclusion is given in the form of expressions and graphs. And the difference of the influence area between supersonic expansion and subsonic expansion of a spherical inclusion is discussed.
The Scattering Waves by Two Spheres in Solid
Authors: Zhang Yan Ru , Wei Pei Jun
Published: September 2013

The scattering waves by two elastic spheres in solid are studied. The incident wave, the scattering waves in the host and the transmitted waves in the elastic spheres are all expanded in the series form of spherical wave functions. The total waves are obtained by addition of all scattered waves from individual elastic sphere. The addition theorem of spherical wave function is used to perform the coordinates transform for the scattering waves from different spheres. The expansion coefficients of scattering waves are determined by the interface condition between the elastic spheres and the solid host. The scattering cross section is computed as numerical examples.
Anti-Corrosion Performance of the Hot-Dip Coating Containing Zn-Al-Mg-Ce
Authors: Li Guo Xin , Yang Dong , Peng Yi Liang , Yue Wei Tong
Published: September 2013

The hot-dip coatings containing Zn-Al-Mg-Ce were prepared through congruent melting. The anti-corrosion performance of the coatings was researched using the weight loss rate by the neutral salt spray testing. The reasons of the effects of the elements Al, Mg, Ce on the anti-corrosion performance promoting were researched through the analysis of Scanning Electron Microscope and the polarization curves. The results showed that Al, Mg, Ce embedded in the Zn matrix uniformly and the protective effect for the steel was enhanced by the electrochemical action.
Role of Aging Precipitates on Mechanical Properties of HNS with Different Nitrogen Content
Authors: Zhang Zu Rui , Zhao Zhen Ye , Li Chun Zhi , Jiang Zhou Hua , Li Hua Bing
Published: September 2013

This paper illutrates the role of aging precipitates and the effects of nitrogen content on mechanical properties of 18Cr-18Mn-2Mo-0.77N (HNS-77), 18Cr-18Mn-2Mo-0.96N (HNS-B) and 18Cr-16Mn-2Mo-1.1N (HNS-110) through Vickers hardness, Charpy impact (CVN) and uniform tensile methods. The results show that intergranular, cellular Cr2N and χ phase precipitate gradually in three HNSs aged at the nose temperature for different time. Based on transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, intergranular and cellular Cr2N precipitation has a hexagonal structure and intermetallic χ phase has a B.C.C structure. Compared to the solution treated specimens, Vickers hardness of HNS-77, HNS-96 and HNS-110 aged at nose temperature with increasing the aging time firstly decreases then increases; impact absorbed energy, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation (El) decrease monotonously. Yield strength (YS) of HNS-77 and HNS-96 firstly increases then decreases except HNS-110 with a monotonously decreased trendency. Vickers hardness of HNS-77, HNS-96 and HNS-110 arrives at the maximum value at nose temperature. Meanwhile, impact absorbed energy arrives at the minimum value. Impact absorbed energy of aged HNSs decreases with the formation and increment of intergranular, cellular Cr2N and intermetallic χ phases. With increasing the nitrogen content, aging behavior of HNS presents more obvious susceptibility. The rate of increased amount and size of intergranular, cellular Cr2N and relative minor χ phase grows and affects the mechanical properties of aged HNS remarkably.
Biomechanical Response of Upper Limb Fracture in Real-World Truck-to-Pedestrian Accident Using THUMS (Version 4.0)
Authors: Li Kui , Liu Sheng Xiong , Wang Fu Ping , Su Sen , Yin Zhi Yong
Published: September 2013

Upper limb fracture is easily found in the truck-to-pedestrian road traffic accident. And it is important to understand and elucidate the biomechanics of upper limb fractures caused by the frontal structure of the truck. Finite element (FE) analysis could potentially help in the understanding the biomechanical response mechanism of upper limb fracture. In this study, THUMS (Total Human Model for Safety) was applied to reconstruct the upper limb fracture in a real-world truck-to-pedestrian accident. Totally two FE simulations were conducted to find out the most likely scenario in this case. Analyzing the simulations of two possible scenarios clearly demonstrated that the simulation result of collision-to-left scenario was consistent with the autopsy finding, and bending mechanism could explain how the upper limb fracture occurs. Then we drew a conclusion that FE analysis is a valuable method for us to understand the biomechanical mechanism of upper limb fracture in the forensic practice.
Structural Topology Optimization Method Based on Bone Remodeling
Authors: Rahman Kaysar , Helil Nurmamat , Imin Rahmatjan , Geni Mamtimin
Published: September 2013

Bone is a dynamic living tissue that undergoes continuous adaptation of its mass and structure in response to mechanical and biological environment demands. In this paper, we firstly propose a mathematical model based on cross-type reaction diffusion equations of bone adaptation during a remodeling cycle due to mechanical stimulus. The model captures qualitatively very well the bone adaptation and cell interactions during the bone remodeling. Secondly assuming the bone structure to be a self-optimizing biological material which maximizes its own structural stiffness, bone remodeling model coupled with finite element method by using the add and remove element a new topology optimization of continuum structure is presented. Two Numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed approach greatly improves numerical efficiency, compared with the others well known methods for structural topology optimization in open literatures.
Fabrication of Deep Tapered Perforation Using a Modified through-Mask Electrochemical Micromachining
Authors: Ming Ping Mei , Lv Zhen Bin , Bao Xiao Hui , Wang Shu Qing , Liu Si Qi
Published: September 2013

Through-mask electrochemical micromachining (Through-mask EMM) has been being employed to fabricate hole array on metal plate for its some unique merits. A modified double-sided through-mask EMM, in which a composite mask containing inert metal mask and insulation mask with an acute wall angle on the one side, and only insulation mask having an acute wall angle on the other side are used, was proposed to fabricate deep tapered perforations in the thick stainless steel in this paper. The evolving of hole contour was analyzed numerically and some mask artwork parameters were chosen optimally. Experimental results further verified the feasibility to shaped deep tapered perforation.
The Torque Research for Permanent Magnet Coupling Based on Ansoft Maxwell Transient Analysis
Authors: Meng Guo Ying , Niu Yao Hong
Published: September 2013

We simulated the output torque relation and transient magnetic field for permanent magnet coupling in different states using Ansoft Maxwell 3D software, we can conclude that the design device can obtain large and smooth torque output and be suitable for mine working environment. We tested and verified the conclusion with experiment at the same time,and analysed deviation ,this provided the basis for conformation optimization and function analysis for permanent magnet coupling.
Thermal Simulation of Cooling Channels in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
Authors: Sun Shi Mei , Liu Wei , Yao Shi
Published: September 2013

Fuel cells heat dissipation and cooling is a vital part of PEMFC heat management. This paper used pure water as the coolant to control the temperature distribution inside fuel cells. Established cooling channels geometrical model and simulated the temperature distribution in the steady state by using software SINDA/FLUINT. Then discusses the effects of cooling channels branch quantity, diameter and coolant velocity on fuel cell internal temperature distribution, concludes that multi-branch, large diameter pipes and low-velocity coolant make PEMFC work at best conditions.
The Design of High Power LED Headlamp
Authors: Chen Wen Lin , An Zhen , Xiang Chao Qun , Liu Chen Yang , Hao Li Na
Published: September 2013

With the continuous development of LED(Light-Emitting Diode) manufacturing technology, the high power white LED is gradually applied in the field of all kinds of lighting .But with working time increasing of LED chips, their junctions temperature continue increasing, which lead to decrease light-emitting efficiency and reliability of LED chip, and even be failure. According to the serious heating of LED chip, this paper has been designed a fin-type aluminum radiator panels using Pro/E software. A LED constant current drive circuit is designed by using LTC3783 chip. With the ANSYS software, thermal analysis was carried out on the fin-type aluminum radiator panels, and eventually the mode of high power LED headlamps is determined. The stability of the LED constant current drive circuit is verified through experiments. The LED headlamps of 90W worked for ten hours, and the results of the experiments showed that the LED chip junctions temperature measured are less than 75°Cso we can solve heat dissipation of high power LED headlamps effectively.
Diamagnetic Magnetization Strength as a Consequence of Electromagnetic Induction Law’s Effect
Authors: Gnitetskaya Tatyana N. , Karnauhova Elena V.
Published: September 2013

A qualitative proof of diamagnetic non-zero magnetization based on the electromagnetic induction law is presented in this paper. Modeling diamagnetic phenomena as a result of Larmor precession or effect of the electromagnetic induction’s law in scale of one hydrogen-like atom performed in classical physics contributes to formation of obviously incorrect idea of the diamagnetic magnetization process in students. It is well-known that the average magnetic moment of a diamagnetic calculated with the help of classical statistics laws is zero which can be explained by quantum character of magnetic phenomena. On the contrary, electromagnetic induction’s law is effective both in classical and quantum physics. Applying it to the diamagnetism problem will allow to solve it for the diamagnetic in whole and to avoid averaging which is proved in the present paper.
Study on Corrosion Resistance of Carbon Steel/Stainless Steel Composite Pipe
Authors: Gou Shu Yun , Li Yu He
Published: September 2013

The carbon steel/stainless steel composite pipe was prepared by centrifugal compound casting-hot extrusion-cold rolling. SEM was employed in detecting the microstructure and alloy element distribution maps in stainless steel of composite pipe. The mechanical properties were measured through tensile test. The corrosion resistance of the composite pipe was detected in acid, alkali and salt solutions. The results show that the outer and inner layers are integrated with good metallurgical behavior, and the mechanical properties of the composite pipe are satisfactory, the chemical compositions are well-distributed. The grain-boundary corrosion test is qualified. This composite pipe has better corrosion resistance in 10%H2SO4and 10%NaOH solution than in FeCl3solution at room temperature.
Capacity Buffer Design for Critical Equipment Caused by Unexpected Production Mission
Authors: Liu Yuan , Hao Jing Jing , Ying Hong Bin
Published: September 2013

A novel method is developed to design the capacity buffer for critical equipments in a production system with unexpected mission arrival, which can assist the staff to control the fluctuation in production schedule. Specifically, the processes of urgent mission arrival and procession are investigated to analyze the regulation and features. A graphic model is established to reflect the transformation between production nodes. An algorithm is designed to calculate the capacity buffer and a case is conducted to verify the feasibility and applicability feasibility of the method.
Research on Capacity-Constrained Manufacturing/Remanufacturing Hybrid System with Outsourcing
Authors: Zhou Ying , Deng Ming Rong
Published: September 2013

The purpose of our research is to develop a decision-making model for manufacturing and remanufacturing hybrid system with the goal of maximizing corporate profit. Under a random market environment, we assumed that the remanufacturing operation was outsourced and both the manufacturing process and remanufacturing process had capacity constraints. By analyzing the relations between manufacturing/remanufacturing production batch sizes and inventory level, we established a multi-period capacitated manufacturing/remanufacturing hybrid decision-making model. A heuristic genetic algorithm was designed and a numerical example demonstrated the validity of the model and the algorithm. We conclude that the manufacturing/remanufacturing quantities decision is affected by both market parameters and capacity limitations. This study is useful for manufacturers to make strategy and plan in manufacturing/remanufacturing operations.
Introducing Project-Based Learning to Design Enterprises for Creativity
Authors: Wang Feng , Zhou Chun Fang , Chen Hong Bing
Published: September 2013

This paper aims to emphasize the necessity of introducing Project-Based Learning (PBL) to design enterprises in order to foster designers creativity and facilitate innovation of design enterprises. According to the literature review, creativity can be viewed as the first stage of innovation; PBL has at least two elements including solving real problems and group work that can provide conditions of creativity development. Moreover, creativity techniques such as brainstorming, mind mapping, checklist and morphological analysis are suggested to be integrated into PBL in the design enterprises.
The Impact of Recovery Strategies on Brand Trust after Production Operations Management Failure
Authors: Cui Pan Wei , Li Wei , Yang Yang
Published: September 2013

Production operations management is never perfect, and production operations management failure is inevitable which leads to product harm crisis. Product-harm crisis is well publicized events that products are found to be dangerous to consumer or have defective attributes. Frequent occurrence of product harm crisis recent years are attracting more and more researchers, but the existing researches do not give specific guidance for enterprises to recover brand trust product harm crisis. This paper confirmed affective strategy, informational strategy, and corrective strategy were effective strategies to product harm crisis, and perceived justice is the important mediation between these strategies and brand trust.