bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan Canva sebagai Media Pembuatan Desain Materi Presentasi pada Siswa SMP Karitas Ngaglik
Authors: Monika Astherina Puspitasari  , Yolanda Hartin Mada  , Ezra Hasibuan  , Selly yustina  , Niken Christy Aurawidhar
Published: December 2023

Canva merupakan salah satu aplikasi desain grafis berbasis daring yang biasa digunakan untuk media presentasi. Adanya pengenalan aplikasi Canva dapat membantu dan melatih peserta didik untuk memudahkan dalam membuat materi presentasi dengan baik.  Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di SMP Karitas Ngaglik, Nandan, Kelurahan Sariharjo, Kecamatan Ngaglik, Kabupaten Sleman, yang belum mengenal Canva. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah upaya peningkatan pemahaman kepada peserta didik tentang cara membuat materi presentasi dengan baik menggunakan media Canva. Kegiatan ini dimulai dengan pemaparan materi kepada peserta didik kemudian pelatihan membuat materi presentasi dengan menggunakan Canva. Adanya pelatihan presentasi dan pelatihan menggunakan aplikasi Canva ini peserta didik diharapkan bisa menerapkannya di pembelajaran mata pelajaran yang mengharuskan presentasi dengan menggunakan media teknologi dan memanfaatkan pelatihan presentasi dengan baik. Dari hasil yang diketahui sebelum adanya pelatihan banyak peserta didik yang belum mengenal berbagai manfaat dari aplikasi Canva dan sesudah pelatihan peserta didik merasa puas dengan adanya pelatihan menggunakan aplikasi Canva serta mendapatkan pengalaman dan pengetahuan baru bagi peserta didik. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan aplikasi Canva bagi peserta didik sangat bermanfaat dan dapat meningkatkan keefektifan belajar bagi peserta didik.
Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan Rumah Singgah Anak Mandiri Berdasarkan ISAK 35
Authors: Sabda Putri Jessica Anggraeni , Hariwibowo Ignatius Novianto
Published: December 2023

Setiap organisasi perlu menyusun laporan keuangannya, termasuk juga organisasi nirlaba yaitu Rumah Singgah Anak Mandiri. Sebagai organisasi nirlaba, Rumah Singgah Anak Mandiri belum memiliki laporan keuangan sesuai dengan standar akuntansi yang ada. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan untuk membantu Rumah Singgah Anak Mandiri dapat menyusun laporan keuangan sesuai dengan Standar Akuntansi ISAK 35 yang memang ditujukan untuk organisasi nirlaba atau non-profit. Dalam prosesnya, laporan keuangan sesuai standar akuntansi dapat disusun. Beberapa penyesuaian perlu dilakukan karena situasi organisasi yang tidak memenuhi semua ketentuan standar. Namun hasil kegiatan dapat disimpulkan bahwa organisasi nirlaba yang kecil dapat menerapkan laporan keuangan sesuai standar akuntansi yang ada.
"Before it is too late": Life, death, street performance and homelessness in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Charvin-Fabre Sandrine , Moeke-Maxwell Tess , Stolte Ottilie , Lawrenson Ross
Published: December 2023

This article examines the creation of ‘Before It Is Too Late’, a collaborative performance project created with the Peeps- short for Peoples- living on the streets of Aotearoa, New Zealand, who identify as Māori (Indigenous New Zealanders). The Peeps face profound, persistent, unjust inequalities, inequitable mortality rates, and devaluation of their lives by the wider community. The performance project is centred on the Peeps’ perspectives and is informed by whanonga pono (Māori values) and tikanga (customs), the principles of community-based research, relational ethics, and critical performance ethnography. The project aims to initiate a conversation with health professionals to improve the quality of care provided and to ensure greater respect and dignity in relation to the death of Māori homeless people. We present the drama Before It Is Too Late that has resulted from this collaboration with the Peeps to open a transformative space for their voices, experiences, priorities, and rights to be heard and acknowledged.
The Eke Tangaroa programme for Māori/Pasifika early career academics: Past, present, future
Authors: Stewart Georgina , Ings Welby , Keiha Pare , Lawson Wendy
Published: December 2023

This commentary reflects on Auckland University of Technology’s Eke Tangaroa programme, which aims to increase the number of Māori and Pasifika academic staff of the university and to support them in developing their research careers. The commentary has three parts, representing the past, present and possible future of the programme. The first part (past) is by the two senior professors who came up with the idea in the first place. The second part (present) is by the inaugural and current kaiurungi (navigator) of the programme, also the first author of this commentary. The third part (future) draws on a conversation with the Deputy Vice Chancellor Academic, who is responsible for the programme.
Preferensi Mahasiswa Generasi Z di Kota Palu: Meningkatkan Literasi Digital melalui QRIS M Banking
Authors: Rifaldi Rifaldi , Farid Erwan Sastrawan , Auriza Mohammad Zeylo
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis preferensi mahasiswa Generasi Z di Kota Palu terkait penggunaan QRIS M Banking dalam meningkatkan literasi digital. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan sampel sebanyak 100 orang mahasiswa Generasi Z di Kota Palu. Data yang diperoleh dan dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan perangkat lunak SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi kemudahan, persepsi manfaat, persepsi kepercayaan, dan persepsi risiko memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap preferensi mahasiswa Generasi Z dalam menggunakan QRIS M Banking. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kemudahan penggunaan, manfaat yang dirasakan, kepercayaan terhadap layanan, dan pengelolaan risiko yang baik memengaruhi keputusan mahasiswa Generasi Z dalam memilih QRIS M Banking sebagai alat pembayaran digital. Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi preferensi mahasiswa Generasi Z terkait penggunaan QRIS M Banking, sehingga dapat meningkatkan literasi digital di kalangan mahasiswa
Comparison of gut resistomes in healthy individuals and patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis
Authors: Cverenkárová Klára , Olejníková Petra , Šoltys Katarína , Messingerová Lucia , Skladaný Ľubomír , Bírošová Lucia
Published: December 2023

Human gut microbiota has been in the centre of scientific interest for a long period of time. Overall health status of an individual has a great impact on the composition of gut microbiota; however, gut microbiota can affect human health. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are often a part of human gut microbiome. In this paper, total genomic DNA was extracted from stool samples of 147 healthy individuals and of 45 patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. The presence of six common ARGs (bla
TEM, bla
SHV, bla
OXA, vanA, tet(A), tet(E)) was analysed in the genomic DNA by end-point PCR. The results show significantly higher occurrence of ARGs in the DNA samples from patients (p = 0.0001) showing multiple ARGs significantly more often than in healthy individuals (p = 0.00003). Antibiotic treatment in patients strongly correlated with the occurrence of ARGs (p = 0.0038). Nutrition and sex of healthy individuals did not have significant effect on the occurrence of ARGs (p = 0.156; p = 0.456). ARGs’ occurrence in healthy individuals was the highest in the oldest age group, but the age of individuals and ARGs’ occurrence were not related (p = 0.617). In conclusion, the results underline the importance of health for normal functioning of gut microbiota. Antibiotic resistance represents a challenge in the treatment of patients with liver diseases.
Changes of Serum Angiotensin Peptides, Pro-Endothelin-1 Levels in Women One Year After Preeclampsia and their Association with Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Authors: Popovski N. , Nikolov A. , Lukanov Ts. , Blazheva S. , Totev T.
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Women who suffered preeclampsia (PE) have two to four times higher risk for development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with women with a history of normotensive pregnancy. Microvascular and endothelial dysfunction, mediated by different vasoactive factors have been suggested as attainable pathophysiological pathways. The study aimed to: (1) determine changes in circulating levels of key vasoactive peptides in sera of women with history of PE and in women who had a normal pregnancy 1 year after delivery and (2) investigate whether an association exists between these molecules and cardiovascular risk factors.

Materials and methods

The current research examined 32 women one year after preeclampsia (mean age 25.3 ± 6.3 years) and control group of 20 women one year after normal pregnancy (mean age 25.6 ± 5.6 years). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine serum levels of angiotensin II (AngII), angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] and pro-endothelin-1 (Pro-ET-1).

Results

We found that at 1 year after delivery 38.46% of women who suffered PE have developed hypertension and 5.77% have developed diabetes mellitus. Women who had normal pregnancy developed neither hypertension, nor diabetes mellitus 1 year after delivery. Serum AngII levels in women one year after PE were statistically significantly lower than in women one year after normotensive pregnancy 0.9 (0.55÷1.7) vs. 2.3 pg/ml (2.0 ÷ 2.9) (KW = 20.849; p = 0.0001). Ang-(1-7) concentrations in women one year after PE were lower than in women one year after normal pregnancy, but not significantly 1.7 (0.3÷4.5) vs. 3.2 ng/ml (0.2÷8.0) (p>0.05). Levels of serum Pro-ET-1 in women one year after PE were statistically significantly higher than in women one year after normal pregnancy 322.65 (261.75÷391.85) vs. 248.7 pmol/L (231.05÷282.15) (KW = 6.639; p = 0.009). AngII showed correlation with AH grade (r = -0.33; 0.02), Ang-(1-7) (r = 0.27; 0.05), DBP (r = -0.28; p = 0.04), mean arterial pressure (r = -0.43; p = 0.002), pulse pressure (r = -0.28; p = 0.04), BMI (r = -0.30; p = 0.03), TC (r = -0.31; p = 0.03) and LDL (r = -0.30; p = 0.03). Pro-ET-1 correlated with age (r = 0.30; p = 0.03), mean arterial pressure (r = -0.25; p = 0.05) and pulse pressure (r = 0.41; p = 0.003).

Conclusion

Our data showed an association between key vasoactive peptides and major CVD risk factors in women one year after PE. We suggest that imbalance between AngII, Ang-(1-7) and Pro-ET-1 could have a potential imply on the vascular wall after PE, reflecting persistent microvascular and endothelial injury/dysfunction postpartum. Further studies are warranted to clarify these vasoactive peptides’ role in the ongoing vascular endothelial function after delivery and the pathogenic mechanisms determining development of CVD in previously PE women.
Role of Electrophysiologal Studies for Detection of Simulation and Aggravation in Ophthalmology
Authors: Mermeklieva E.
Published: December 2023

Objective

To present the importance of the electrophysiological studies for detection of malingering and aggravation in ophthalmology.

Materials and methods

Six eyes of three patients underwent a complete clinical examination, fundus-autofluorescence (FAF), fluorescein angiography (FA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), visual field testing, electrophysiological (EF) studies – full-field, multifocal and pattern electroretinography (ffERG, mfERG and PERG) and visual evoked potentials (VEPs), for detection of simulation or aggravation.

Results

After the electrophysiological studies’ results, which are objective and non-manipulable, we purposefully reviewed and repeated some of the tests already done, which allowed a comprehensive interpretation of the results. It turned out that discrete changes in targeted search can be detected in several of the studies performed, which greatly facilitates the correct diagnosis.

Conclusion

EF studies are objective methods for studying the visual analyzer’s function, that can not be manipulated, which makes them indispensable for detecting simulation and aggravation in ophthalmology. A detailed extensive study of the degree of simulation and aggravation among the ophthalmological patients is needed, which will enrich our knowledge and make us more precise in our expertise.
The immunohistochemical response of the rat periodontal ligament endothelium to an inflammatory stimulus
Authors: Toms Andrew , Gannon Bren , Carati Colin
Published: December 2023

Recently, inflammation has been recognised as an important co-requisite to orthodontic tooth movement. When such a reaction is initiated, the process of up-regulation of certain adhesion molecules may occur, resulting in the extravasation of leukocytes. This may stimulate progenitor/precursor pathways and signals that regulate the biological responses resulting in tooth movement. We propose that up-regulation of leukocyte adhesion molecules occurs in response to orthodontic forces, resulting in circulating monocyte attraction, extravasation and differentiation into osteoclasts, which are responsible for bone resorption that results in orthodontic tooth movement. To investigate this hypothesis, it is necessary to determine whether periodontal ligament (PDL) endothelium responds to inflammatory stimuli as other organs do. We studied the normal distribution of endothelial adhesion molecule ICAM-1 within PDL vessels, and then the following exposure to an inflammatory endotoxin. The rat PDL blood vessels expressed ICAM-1 in response to the inflammatory stimulus, similar to other organs, suggesting that the inflammatory responses are similar. Whether and where in the PDL microvascular bed orthodontic forces cause up-regulation of ICAM-1 needs to be established.
Anterior open-bite malocclusion: stability of maxillary repositioning using rigid internal fixation
Authors: Arpornmaeklong Premjit , Heggie Andrew A. C.
Published: December 2023

A retrospective cephalometric study was performed to investigate the stability of 37 non-growing anterior open-bite cases using mini-plate rigid fixation. The sample was divided into two groups: Group A: maxillary repositioning alone (17 cases) and Group B: bimaxillary surgery (20 cases). Tracings were performed pre-operatively (T1), immediately post-operatively (T2) and at a minimum of one year follow-up (T3) (12–90 months).

In Group A, the maxilla was advanced (3.8 +_ 2.8 mm, p < 0.01) and superiorly repositioned at PNS (2.8 +_2.3 mm, p < 0.001). In Group B, the maxilla was advanced (3.5 +_ 3.0 mm, p < 0.01) and superiorly repositioned at PNS (3.7 +_ 1.8 mm, p <0.001); and the mandible (11.7 +_ 3.8 mm, p < 0.001), with no significant change in the vertical plane (p > 0.05).

Late relapse due to condylar remodelling or resorption was found as a cause of large horizontal relapse (8.0 < x < 14.0 mm) in three cases (15%), the amount being associated with the amount of operative advancement (r = 0.7, r-sq = 40%, p < 0.01).

It was concluded that the correction of anterior open bite by posterior repositioning of the maxilla using rigid fixation is a stable procedure during the follow-up period, and that in bimaxillary cases, post-operative stability depends largely on the stability of the mandibular advancement, which in turn relates to the amounts of advancement, the pre-operative anterior open bite and the mandibular plane angle.
A comparison of two methods of assessing orthodontic treatment need in the mixed dentition: DAI and IOTN
Authors: Johnson Mark , Harkness Michael , Crowther Paul , Herbison Peter
Published: December 2023

This paper assesses the unmet orthodontic treatment need in a random sample of 10-year-old schoolchildren, using two indices: the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) and the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). The DAI scores were adjusted by omitting the missing teeth component of the index because many children were in the mixed dentition with unerupted permanent teeth. Although both indices assessed the same number of children with malocclusions requiring orthodontic treatment, not all were ranked similarly by each index.
Ultrastructural identification of cells involved in the healing of intramembranous bone grafts in both the presence and absence of demineralised intramembranous bone matrix
Authors: Chay Siew Han , Rabie A. Bakr M. , Itthagarun Anut
Published: December 2023

Alveolar bone defects are conditions that impede the progress of orthodontic treatment. This study compared the mechanics of the healing of autogenous intramembranous (IM) bone grafts and grafts comprising a mixture of IM and demineralised bone matrix of autogenous intramembranous origin (DBMIM), in an attempt to determine the reliability of each material. Thirty-two New Zealand white rabbits had a single defect created in their skull. Sixteen were grafted with IM bone alone (Group I: autogenous IM), and the other 16 had a combined graft of composite IM sandwiched between two layers of DBMIM (Group II: composite IM-DBMIM). A third group (Group III) of eight rabbits each had two defects created in their skull; one defect was left empty (A: passive control) and the other filled with rabbit-skin collagen (B: active control). In Groups I and II, inflammatory cells were found to be present on Days 1 and 2 of tissue retrieval. The appearance of the mesenchymal cells and preosteoblasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes was earlier (Day 3) in Group II than in Group I (Day 5). In both groups, preosteoblasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes were observed with no cartilage at the intermediate stage. In conclusion, autogenous IM bone grafts and IM bone grafts in the presence of DBMIM healed through an osteogenic ossification route.
Ultrastructural changes in postcapillary-sized venule morphology in aged mouse periodontal ligament
Authors: Cameron J. , Sims M. R. , Sampson W. J.
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study was to compare the postcapillary-sized venule (PCV) morphology of four young ALCA mice (35 days) and four colony-related aged mice (365 days) using the transmission electron microscope (TEM). Right and left mandibular first molar mesial roots with associated periodontal ligament (PDL) and bony socket, were used for TEM assessment. Five PCV profiles were selected at each 160µm interval, from the alveolar crest to the tooth apex. PCV profile dimensions were measured on standardised micrographs magnified x2900. Age affects were tested using multiple regression analysis. The number of PCV profiles in the tooth third of the PDL was higher in aged mice (p < 0.01) and comprised predominantly apericytic vessels (p < 0.001). The number of PCV profiles increased significantly (p < 0.001) in aged mice in the PDL middle circumferential third halfway down the molar root. Age had no significant affect on PCV diameter. Aged PDL permeability studies are needed to investigate whether the changes in aged PCV profile number are associated with functional modification of the PDL microvasculature.
The localisation of ED1 antibody in the resorbing hard tissues of the periodontium
Authors: Dreyer C.W. , Pierce A.M.
Published: December 2023

A dental hard tissue resorptive model was used to determine the periodontal ligament (PDL) distribution of lysosomal membrane antibody ED1 to cells of the macrophage-phagocyte lineage. Immunolabel was identified in mononuclear cells around inflammatory sites in the PDL, while multinu-clear cells were labelled in resorption bays present in both bone and dentine. As repair of the tissues occurred, the label became less obvious. The presence of strong ED1 label in alveolar bone marrow provided evidence supporting the haemopoietic origin of the similarly labelled PDL cells. Also, evidence confirming the current theory that multinucleated resorptive cells differentiate along a monocyte-macrophage pathway was provided. It was concluded that ED1 is a positive PDL marker for mononuclear and multinuclear cells involved in the inflammatory and resorptive processes.
Induced mandibular condylar growth in a sheep model after functional appliance treatment
Authors: Ma Bingkui , Sampson Wayne , Fazzalari Nicola , Wilson David , Wiebkin Ole
Published: December 2023

This paper reports on changes in mandibular condylar growth in sheep fitted with experimental functional appliances. The paper also addresses the similarities of mandibular condylar growth in sheep and humans. Experimental functional appliances were developed, constructed and applied to four, four-month old, male sheep. Another four sheep served as matched controls. All animals received fluorochrome bone labels during the study and their weight gain also was recorded. Fifteen weeks later, all animals were sacrificed and each temporo-mandibular joint and left metacarpus were removed. Undecalcified mid-sagittal sections of the joint and metacarpus were prepared for fluorescence microscopy. The mandibular condylar growth vector in sheep was found to be in a postero-superior direction. Condylar growth in the control sheep during the experimental period varied from 8.8 to 11.9 mm, with the mean being 10.6 mm, which is quantitatively similar to two years of condylar growth in human adolescents. In the experimental sheep, the condylar growth varied from 8.5 to 13.3 mm, with the mean being 11.4 mm. When metacarpal growth and weight gain were taken into consideration using multivariant analysis, the coefficients for growth in the postero-superior and posterior direction were found to be high, with adjusted r2 as 0.84 and 0.82 respectively. The induced condylar growth was estimated to be largest in the posterior direction (2.30 mm), which is also similar to previous reports in humans. These findings suggest the appropriateness of using sheep as a model for quantitative histological analysis when investigating the mechanisms of functional appliance treatment.
Temporary tongue thrust: failure during orthodontic treatment
Authors: Piyapattamin Thosapol , Soma Kunimichi , Hisano Masataka
Published: December 2023

This report presents the case of a 25-year-old male patient who sought orthodontic treatment. Oral examination revealed an Angle Class I relation, with a bimaxillary dento-alveolar protrusion, evidence of anterior crowding, and a large overbite and overjet. Radiographic examination revealed a skeletal Class I occlusion. During the distal movement of the canines, occlusal interferences between the canines occurred and the commencement of a tongue thrust was observed. After correction of the applied forces, the canine movement was completed and the habit was no longer detectable. The incident indicates that an unusual oral habit suspiciously occurring during treatment should lead to an immediate reconsideration of the orthodontic treatment strategy.
Laser irradiation inhibition of open gingival embrasure space after orthodontic treatment
Authors: Meguro Daijiro , Yamaguchi Masaru , Kasai Kazutaka
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of low-energy laser irradiation on an incidence of open gingival embrasure space after orthodontic treatment. The patient was a 20-year, 7-month-old Japanese female with an Angle Class I malocclusion and crowding in the mandible. Treatment consisted of extraction of maxillary and mandibular first premolars and use of the Edgewise technique.

A Ga-Al-As diode laser was used to irradiate an area of 0.5 cm2 at the labial and lingual gingival papilla between the canines. The time of exposure was 6 minutes for 3 days, carried out between the relevelling and en masse stages of movement. The total energy corresponding to 6 minutes of exposure varied from 1.90 J/cm2.

There was no further evidence of open gingival embrasure space, except at the mandibular central incisor. Further: an improvement in the gingival inflammation caused by a periodontal disease was observed, and periodontal pocket depth was maintained. These results suggest that low-energy laser irradiation may inhibit the incidence of open gingival embrasure space after orthodontic treatment.
Orthodontic treatment of palatally impacted maxillary canines
Authors: Olive Richard J.
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of treating children with impacted maxillary canines by orthodontic treatment alone. The subjects were 28 children (mean age: 13.5 years, range 11.4-16.1 years) with between them 32 palatally impacted canines. The overlying primary canines were extracted between 0 and 42 months before the start of appliance treatment to open space in the arches for the impacted teeth. No other surgical procedures were carried out prior to the start of appliance treatment. Appliance treatment was deferred for at least six months if an impacted canine was the main reason for treatment, otherwise treatment was commenced according to the needs of the patient.

In 94 % of the cases, the severity of impaction lessened following extraction of the overlying primary canines and orthodontic treatment. The deepest impactions tended to occur in the oldest children. The majority (75 %) of the canines emerged following orthodontic treatment to create space for them in the arch; the remainder were surgically exposed. Appliance treatment tended to take longer in children with the deepest impactions. It is concluded that fixed appliance treatment to create space for a palatally impacted canine is an effective management option for children with impacted maxillary canines.
In vitro surface corrosion of stainless steel and NiTi orthodontic appliances
Authors: Shin Ji-Soo , Oh Keun-Taek , Hwang Chung-Ju
Published: December 2023

Simulated fixed orthodontic appliances were constructed, immersed and incubated in artificial saliva for periods up to three months. Two types of stainless steel archwires and two types of NiTi wires were used. The surface corrosion of the archwires was determined macroscopically, with scanning electron microscopy, and with spectrophotometry. The deposits on the wires were identified with X-ray diffraction. Uniform corrosion was observed on stainless steel wires, and a slight colour change was detected on the NiTi wires beneath stainless steel ligatures. The corrosion product on the stainless steel wires increased with immersion time, and the surface oxide films were easily detached from the underlying matrix. Crevice corrosion was observed under deposits of oxide, and at the interface between bracket and band. Such corrosion may weaken a wire or weld leading to fracture. In contrast, the NiTi archwires did not corrode, and there was no significant difference in surface morphology. The stainless steel archwires showed a significant loss of reflectance after heat treatment and immersion in artificial saliva. The NiTi archwires had the same reflectance before and after the immersion test. NiTi archwires are significantly more stable and resistant to corrosion than stainless steel archwires.
Some factors associated with open gingival embrasures following orthodontic treatment
Authors: Ko-Kimura Natsue , Kimura-Hayashi Masami , Yamaguchi Masaru , Ikeda Tadataka , Meguro Daijiro , Kanekawa Mika , Kasai Kazutaka
Published: December 2023

Open gingival embrasures or “black triangles” can be an undesirable outcome of adult orthodontic treatment. The aims of the present study were to determine the prevalence of open gingival embrasures in a group of orthodontic patients, and to determine if open gingival embrasures were related to: age at the start of treatment, the severity of pretreatment crowding of the mandibular incisors, the duration of treatment or changes in alveolar bone height. The subjects were 80 orthodontic patients (33 males, 47 females) between 15 and 31 years of age. Open gingival embrasures were found in 43.7 per cent of all subjects, while in subjects over 20 years of age the prevalence was 66.7 per cent. In relation to the amount of crowding 42.8 per cent of the subjects with less than 4 mm crowding had open gingival embrasures, 41.2 per cent of those with between 4 and 8 mm crowding had open gingival embrasures, and 50 per cent of those with more than 8 mm crowding had open gingival embrasures. The groups were not significantly different. Approximately 42 per cent of the subjects in the shorter treatment group had open gingival embrasures, and 44.4 per cent of those whose treatment took longer than 3 years had open gingival embrasures. This difference was not statistically significant. Cephalometric measurements of mandibular alveolar bone height indicate that open gingival embrasures were more likely to be due to resorption of the alveolar crest rather than extrusion of the mandibular incisors. In conclusion, open gingival embrasures were more frequently found in patients over 20 years of age than in younger patients, and were associated with resorption of the alveolar crest.
Stability of combined Le Fort I maxillary advancement and mandibular reduction
Authors: Arpornmaeklong Premjit , Shand Jocelyn M. , Heggie Andrew A.
Published: December 2023

Background: There have been reports that correction of severe Class III abnormality by single jaw surgery may invite relapse in the long-term. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the stability of combined Le Fort I maxillary advancement and bilateral sagittal split osteotomies for mandibular reduction.

Methods: Thirty patients with a skeletal Class III malocclusion underwent bimaxillary surgery using rigid fixation and inter-positional bone grafting of the maxilla. The average age was 24.4 years, and the mean follow-up period was 20 months (Range: 12–63 months). Post-operative changes were measured on lateral cephalometric radiographs using an anatomical best-fit technique.

Results: The maxilla was advanced, on average, 6.1 mm (SD: 1.8 mm) and repositioned superiorly at PNS 1.9 mm (SD: 2.1 mm). The mandible was repositioned posteriorly 5.6 mm (SD: 4.2 mm) at menton, which also auto-rotated superiorly. At follow-up, the maxilla relapsed horizontally 0.6 mm (SD: 1.1 mm, p < 0.01) with no significant vertical change. The maxillary central incisors were proclined and the interincisal angle was reduced. Menton relapsed anteriorly 1.4 mm (SD: 2.7 mm, p < 0.01), and gonion rotated superiorly 1.5 mm (SD: 2.3 mm, p < 0.001). In 67 per cent of cases menton moved anteriorly less than 2.5 mm. The overjet and overbite did not change significantly.

Conclusions: The data show that 12-months post-operatively, maxillary advancement combined with mandibular setback was relatively stable in the horizontal and vertical planes.
Extraction treatment using a palatal implant for anchorage
Authors: Giancotti Aldo , Greco Mario , Docimo Raffaella , Arcuri Claudio
Published: December 2023

Aim: To describe the use of Straumann Orthosystem implants for orthodontic anchorage.

Methods: The Straumann Orthosystem consists of a titanium palatal implant and connected device, which can be used when absolute anchorage is required. In the present study the implant was placed in the midline at the junction of the alveolar process and hard palate. The implant was osseointegrated 13 weeks after placement. A palatal arch attached to the implant and upper first molar bands was used to provide stationary anchorage in a 23 year-old female with protruding upper anterior teeth and moderate crowding of both arches.

Conclusion: A palatal implant provides stationary anchorage for retraction of anterior maxillary teeth.
Frictional resistances of different bracket – wire combinations
Authors: Wadhwa Rupali Kapur , Kwon Hyue Kyung , Close John M.
Published: December 2023

Background: It has been suggested that the frictional resistance of ceramic brackets can be reduced by either lining the slots with stainless steel or by contouring the base of the slot.

Objectives: The objectives of this investigation were to compare in vitro the static and kinetic frictional resistances of ceramic brackets with metal lined slots (“Clarity”, CL), stainless steel brackets (“Miniature Twin”, MT), and two ceramic brackets with different slot designs (“Contour”, CO; “Transcend”, TR).

Method: Two sizes (0.018 x 0.025 inch; 0.021 x 0.025 inch) of stainless steel (SS), nickel titanium (NiTi) and ß titanium (ß-Ti) wires were drawn through the brackets. All brackets had 0.022 inch slots, and the brackets and wires were used once. The brackets were of different widths: CL, 0.180 inch; CO, 0.114 inch; MT, 0.118 inch; TR, 0.138 inch. An Instron Universal Testing Machine was used in this study.

Results: There were no significant static or kinetic frictional differences when the smaller 0.018 x 0.025 inch wires were drawn through the brackets. There were no statistically significant static or kinetic frictional differences between the CL-CO, CL-MT and CO-MT bracket pairs when the 0.021 x 0.025 inch wires (SS, NiTi, ß-Ti) were used. There were no significant kinetic frictional resistance differences between the CL-TR and MT-TR when the SS wires were used. In general the static and kinetic resistances of the 0.021 x 0.025 inch wires of NiTi wire < SS wire < ß-Ti wire. Regardless of wire type some of the lowest kinetic resistances were found with the narrow CO brackets with the rounded slot bases. The highest static and kinetic frictional resistances were found with the wide TR bracket, and with stainless steel and ß-Ti wires.

Conclusion: The high static and kinetic frictional resistances of ceramic brackets can be reduced either by lining the slots with stainless steel or by reducing the bracket width and rounding the slot base.
Extra-oral retraction mechanics: a review
Authors: Godfrey Keith
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The literature relating the centres of resistance of the maxillary molars, the maxillary dental arch, and the maxilla to extra-oral retraction vectors intended for both orthodontic and orthopaedic effects, is reviewed. Conventional clinical wisdom concerning the different effects of cervical-, straight-, and high-pull vectors is questioned.

Conclusion: Published studies lack the rigorous design necessary for unequivocal interpretation.
Considerations in the management of transposed teeth
Authors: Ngan Daniel C.S. , Kharbanda Om P. , Ali Darendeliler M.
Published: December 2023

Aim: To review the management of transposed teeth, and to illustrate the treatment options with four case reports.

Methods: The aetiology and management of transposed teeth are reviewed. Three management options are discussed: correcting the order of transposed teeth, maintaining the order of transposed teeth, and extraction of one of the transposed teeth. Methods of camouflaging transposed teeth are described in detail. The treatment options are illustrated with case reports.
In silico Structural and Functional Characterization of an Endoglucanase from Actinoalloteichus hoggarensis
Authors: Bakli Mahfoud , Bouras Noureddine , Paşcalău Raul , Șmuleac Laura
Published: December 2023

Actinoalloteichus hoggarensis is a rare bacterial species that was isolated from the Algerian Saharan desert and is known for producing biologically active compounds. Despite its potential, little is understood about the enzymes it produces, including endoglucanases. These cellulase enzymes break down cellulose, the primary structural component of plant cell walls that provides strength and rigidity. The breakdown of cellulose by endoglucanases has numerous biotechnological applications, such as the production of biofuels, bioplastics, and paper. This study involves an in silico characterization of an endoglucanase from A. hoggarensis to gain insight into its structural and functional properties, with the goal of informing the development of novel biotechnological applications. Our study represents a major milestone in understanding the potential of this rare bacterial species and its enzymes, opening up exciting new avenues for further research and development.
Anticancer activity of Achillea thracica Velen. methanol extracts
Authors: Koleva Vanya , Dragoeva Asya , Dimitrova Zheni , Toshkova Stefani , Rogova Mariya
Published: December 2023

Current studies are focused on medicinal plants secondary metabolites as a source of new anticancer agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro influence of methanolic extracts of Achillea thracica Velen. from natural habitat, in vitro propagated and ex vitro established plants on tumor cells proliferation/viability. All extract tested (50 µg/ml for 24 hours) significantly inhibited SK-HEP-1 cell line proliferation/viability (Р ≤ 0.05). The inhibitory effect of ex vitro established plants was slightly weaker in comparison with A. thracica grown in its natural habitat. So, ex situ conservation of A. thracica enables an opportunity to explore its valuable phytochemicals.
Enhancing efficiency in scientific writing in the field of plant growing: Collaborating with AI assistant ChatGPT for enhanced productivity
Authors: Chamurliyski Plamen
Published: December 2023

Every scientist at the beginning of his professional career inevitably encounters difficulties in developing scientific publications. These obstacles are often related with the preparation of the introductory section, which relies on existing research and from the mastery of various statistical approaches, understanding results and their interpretation. The aim of this study is to assess to what extent ChatGPT can streamline the process of writing scientific publications in the field of plant breeding and how it can be beneficial as an auxiliary tool. ChatGPT cannot entirely write the introductory section for you, but it can generate adequate ideas and fundamental aspects that the author can utilize and further develop for the elaboration of this part. ChatGPT can perform basic statistical analyses commonly used in such studies, which adequately align with the developments implemented in other statistical software.
Characterisation and approaches to the conservation of the Nigerian local duck population: A Review
Authors: Kadurumba Ogechi Evangeline , Ahmadu Yahaya , Kadurumba Chukwuemeka , Okafor Ogechi Lilian , Okoli Ifeanyi Charles
Published: December 2023

Research, development, and breeding of ducks in Nigeria are on the rise and continuous breeding of ducks needs basic information on their production environment, genetic background, and diversity. Nigerian local ducks (NLD) have been phenotypically characterised based on morphological characteristics which have provided a reasonable representation of their genetic difference. Morphological and morphometric variations exist among indigenous ducks of Nigeria and mottled plumage colour is preponderant. Low genetic diversity exists among Nigerian duck populations implying that ducks are in close genetic relationships irrespective of distinctive and varying phenotypic, biochemical, and physiological characteristics, whereas the phylogenetic tree revealed clustered relationships. Large-scale duck farming is uncommon; rather, ducks are kept as a pastime business. The scavenging feeding system is majorly practiced among small flock sizes which are highly predominant. NLDs lay between 100 and 125 eggs yearly when reared under an intensive system of management and also have a high hatching rate of above 70% even though high environmental temperature affects their reproductive performance. There are no organised duck markets in Nigeria. Duck eggs are rarely consumed or sold; rather they are majorly used for breeding purposes. Myths, poor funding, lack of standard laboratories, and lack of skilled workforce are among the factors affecting the development and conservation of indigenous ducks in Nigeria. Introducing improved breeds of duck and establishing conservation programmes will help promote greater duck production and conservation. Duck business is a profitable but seasonal business and can efficiently bridge the noticed protein gap in rural communities.
Analysis of Voltage Profiles, Unbalance Voltages and Phase Balance Optimization of Single-Phase Customer and Photovoltaic Connection at Real Low Voltage Feeder
Authors: Ostojić Mario , Bosović Adnan
Published: December 2023

Voltage unbalance is common issue encountered in low voltage distribution networks, caused by uneven allocation of single-phase customers among phases. This paper analyses part of real low voltage distribution network in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The impact of single-phase customers and single-phase connected micro photovoltaic power plants (MPPP-s) were analysed. To reduce unbalance and improve voltage profiles, Phase Balance Optimization toolbox in DIgSILENT PowerFactory software was performed in six scenarios with different distribution of customers and different percentage of penetration of MPPS-s. The aim was to find method with least number of changes in customer and photovoltaic phase connection that fits within defined limits of voltage variations and voltage unbalance of European standard for power quality (EN 50160). Conclusion is that MPPP-s cause voltage increases in the network, as well as an increase in voltage unbalance, but these effects can be mitigated by proper distribution of customer loads and MPPS-s among phases.
Fiscal rules as institutional tools for public debt management in the European Union Member States
Authors: Stawiarska Katarzyna
Published: December 2023

This paper aims to assess the impact of the second-generation numerical fiscal rules on the effectiveness of public debt management in the Member States of the European Union. The research was conducted using dynamic panel models on a sample of 27 EU Member States over the period 2008–2021. The effectiveness of public debt management was determined by the level of public debt servicing costs, considering not only the impact of the quality of numerical fiscal rules on interest payments, but also other factors influenced by these rules, such as the quality of fiscal policy, the solvency of public finances and the quality of institutional governance. The motivation for this topic was to evaluate the effectiveness of the second-generation numerical fiscal rules following the changes made to their design in the context of the reconstruction of the EU fiscal surveillance system after the global economic and financial crisis of 2008–2010. The research has found that strong numerical fiscal rules improve the effectiveness of public debt management. In addition, stable fiscal policy and higher solvency of public finances, as well as political stability and the absence of violence, are conducive to lower public debt servicing costs. This paper enriches the literature by extending it with a new approach to fiscal rules, highlighting their multifaceted impact on the quality of public debt management.
Hepatoprotective effect of Indonesian propolis from Apis mellifera in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver injury in mice
Authors: Juwita Dian Ayu , Ahmadin Almahdy , Abdillah Rahmad , Rachmaini Fitri , Veronica Sherly
Published: December 2023

Propolis has been reported to have a broad spectrum of biological activities. The objective of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of propolis on liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Twenty-five adult mice were randomly divided into five groups of five. The normal group received distilled water; positive control group was given CCl4 at 2.8 mL/kg BW orally, other groups were given the same dose of CCl4, followed by oral propolis at 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg BW, respectively, for 14 days. On the 15th day, the mice were sacrificed for the measurements of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein, and albumin, as well as examination of liver histology. The data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA and, subsequently, by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results demonstrated that propolis had a hepatoprotective effect as shown by significant improvement of the biochemical parameters (p <0.05), which was confirmed by the liver histological analytical results. The most potent hepatoprotective effect was found after the dose of 100 mg/kg BW.
Investigation of the extraction dynamic of the biologically active substances of the raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) shoots
Authors: Maslov Olexander , Komisarenko Mykola , Kolisnyk Sergii , Kostina Tatyana , Golik Mykola , Moroz Valerii , Tarasenko Daryna , Akhmedov Elshan
Published: December 2023

The study has the intent of exploring the dynamics of biologically active substance (BAS) extractions from red raspberry (R. idaeus) shoots in order to determine the appropriate extraction frequency. A secondary objective is to assess the relationship between extract antioxidant activity and BAS content.

The focus of the study revolved around R. idaeus shoots, and the spectrophotometric method of analysis was applied to determine the amount of the catechins, polyphenols, hydroxycinnamic acids derivatives and flavonoids, while the gravimetric method was used to determine the dry residue of the extracts and the potentiometric method applied for evaluating antioxidant activity.

The polyphenols amount was 1.74±0.03, 0.58±0.01 and 0.016±0.005%, catechins – 1.50±0.02, 0.50±0.01 and 0.11±0.01%, flavonoids – 0.08±0.005, 0.046±0.005 and 0.016±0.002%, hydroxycinnamic acids derivatives – 0.24±0.005, 0.078±0.005 and 0.017±0.002%, organic acids – 0.15±0.005, 0.05±0.005 and 0.01±0.002, dry residue – 2.14±0.005, 0.72±0.01 and 0.16±0.005%, antioxidant activity – 94.80±1.90, 47.40±0.95 and 7.90±0.16 mM-eqv./m for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd extraction, respectively. The optimal extraction frequency of raspberry shoots with distilled water was two times. The highest value of Peasorn‘s correlation coefficient was between the antioxidant activity and catechins (r = 0.9813) and the lowest in the case of organic acids (r=0.9112).

The appropriate extraction frequency of R. idaeus shoots with distilled water was two times. The antioxidant method of determination extraction frequency was not inferior to the traditional method. The catechins dominated in the extracts from R. idaeus shoots. A significant positive correlation was content of catechins and antioxidant activity.
Luteolin alleviates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats by inhibiting metalloenzymes expression
Authors: Daude Rakesh B. , Shah Jigna S.
Published: December 2023

Diabetes patients are more prone to acute kidney injury (AKI). Endopeptidases known as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) cause extracellular matrix destruction and are responsible for ischemic organ damage. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) affects almost one third of all diabetic patients. MMP-2 and MMP-9 lead to the breakdown of the basement membrane of the glomeruli and thereby the advancement of ischemic injury in diabetes. In addition, histone deacetylase-2 (HDAC-2) is the primary regulator of important signalling processes in the diabetic kidney. A possible treatment approach for diabetic kidney preservation is the flavonoid luteolin (LT), which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Our aim was to investigate the renoprotective potential of LT in diabetes by modulating MMP-2, MMP-9 and HDAC-2 activity. The expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and HDAC-2 were statistically higher in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat renal homogenate after renal ischemic reperfusion injury. These changes were reversed with 2 weeks of pre-treatment with LT (50 mg/kg po). In diabetic rats, pre-treatment with LT significantly reduced oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis compared to control animals. Preventive LT prior to renal ischemia showed improvement in body weight, kidney weight/body weight ratio, reversal of renal injury and biochemical changes with lower activity of malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), hydroxyproline (HP), pathological damage and fibrosis in renal tissue. Our data imply that LT prevents DN in rats by inhibiting MMP-2, MMP-9 and HDAC-2 expression, as well as by lowering the indices of oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory factors and fibrosis.