bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
N6-methyladenosine modification of RanGAP1 promotes colorectal cancer progression via CRABP2
Authors: Yang Cheng , Li Junqiang , Shi Jingjie , Guo Yongdong , Sun Xin , Gan Dongxue , Wang Ronglin , Zhu Liaoliao , Ma Peixiang , Hua Lei , Yang Rui , Min Jie , Zhao Ting , Li Shanshan , Song Yang , Su Haichuan
Published: August 2022

Ran GTPase activating protein 1 (RanGAP1) plays an important role in a variety of diseases; however, whether it affects colorectal cancer progression(COAD) is unclear. In this study, RanGAP1 was identified as a novel downstream gene of METTL3 in COAD by m6A epitranscriptomic microarray, MeRIP-seq and label-free proteomics analyses. RIP-qPCR and Luciferase reporter explored the molecular mechanism of m6A modifition. RNA-seq and label-free proteomics determined CRABP2 is a downstream target of RanGAP1. In vitro/vivo experiment verified the function upon RanGAP1 and CRABP2 silencing/overexpressing. The results showed RanGAP1 was highly expressed in COAD and CRABP2 was found to be positively correlated with RanGAP1. In addition, silencing RanGAP1/CRABP2 inhibited the tumorigenesis of COAD, while overexpressed RanGAP1 recused the influence of METTL3 sliencing in the malignant phenotype. Meanwhile, RanGAP1 affected the sensitivity of oxaliplatin and fluorouracil to COAD. Mechanistically, there is the direct interaction between METTL3/YTHDF1 and RanGAP1, and METTL3 mediates m6A methylation in the 3′UTR region of RanGAP1 mRNA and affects mRNA stability by recruiting YTHDF1. These results revealed RanGAP1 was a new downstream mechanism of METTL3-mediated m6A modification and promote COAD progression via CRABP2, which maybe is a potential therapeutic target for COAD.
Providing an Approach For Early Prediction of Fall in Human Activities Based on Wearable Sensor Data and The Use of Deep Learning Algorithms
Authors: Hatkeposhti Rahman Keramati , YadollahzadehTabari Meisam , GolsorkhTabariAmiri Mehdi
Published: August 2022

Fall is an inevitable part of people's lives, and its early prediction and diagnosis is significant for maintaining physical and mental health. This study aims to identify and make early predictions of impending falls based on wearable sensor data. The proposed approach considered a prediction timeslice (T) parameter. The system can view the labeling up to that time interval, and instead of labeling the current moment state, the T seconds later states are considered. The Sisfall dataset was used in this study, and two deep learning models of the convolutional neural network (CNN) and a hybrid model called Conv-Lstm were implemented on this dataset. This study also offers a dynamic sampling technique for increasing the balance rate between the samples belonging to fall and normal classes to improve the accuracy of the learning algorithms. Based on the evaluation results, the Conv-Lstm hybrid model performed better and was able to have a forecast with an accuracy of 78% and an average time of 0.34 seconds earlier than the accident in the prediction timeslice of 1 second. Also, This model has been able to provide the best result in predicting the fall in the average Sensitivity criterion with 95.18% and in the Accuracy criterion with 97.01%. In addition, a post-processing technique has been used using a median filter algorithm, which improved the accuracy of the fall prediction by up to 95%.
Targeting the tumor immune microenvironment could become a potential therapeutic modality for aggressive pituitary adenoma
Authors: Yang Zuocheng , Tian Xueling , Yao Kun , Yang Yakun , Zhang Linpeng , Liu Ning , Yan Changxiang , Han Song , Qi Xueling
Published: August 2022

Purpose
This study aimed to explore the relationship between the aggressiveness and immune cell infiltration in pituitary adenoma (PA) and provide the basis for immuno-targeting therapies.
Methods
One hundred three patients with PA who underwent surgery at a single institution were retrospectively identified. The infiltration of macrophages and T-lymphocytes was quantitatively assessed.
Results
The number of CD68 + macrophages was positively correlated with Knosp (P = 0.003) and MMP-9 expression grades (P = 0.00). The infiltration of CD163 + macrophages differed among Knosp (P = 0.022) and MMP-9 grades (P = 0.04). CD8 + tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were also positively associated with Knosp (P = 0.002) and MMP-9 grades (P = 0.01). Interestingly, MGMT expression was positively correlated with MMP-9 staining extent (P = 0.000). The quantities of CD8 + TILs (P = 0.016), CD68 + macrophages (P = 0.000), and CD163 + macrophages (P = 0.043) were negatively associated with MGMT expression levels. The number of CD68 + macrophages in the PD-L1 negative group was significantly more than that in the PD-L1 positive group (P = 0.01). The rate of PD-L1 positivity was positively correlated with the Ki-67 index (P = 0.046) and p53 expression (P = 0.029).
Conclusion
Targeted therapy for macrophages and CD8 + TILs could be a helpful treatment in the future for aggressive PA. Temozolomide (TMZ) may have better effects on the treatment of PAs with greater immune cell infiltration. Anti-PD-L1 therapy may better respond to PAs with higher Ki-67 and p53 expression and more infiltrating CD68 + macrophages. Multiple treatment modalities, especially combined immunotherapy, or combination immunotherapy with TMZ, could become a novel therapeutic strategy for aggressive PA.
Superradiance in alpha clustered mirror nuclei
Authors: Volya Alexander , Barbui Marina , Goldberg Vladilen , Rogachev Grigory
Published: August 2022

Resonances in unstable quantum systems are radiating states that despite decaying overall normalization have a well-defined structure which is being balanced by outgoing radiation.
Such an interplay between outgoing wave and internal quantum many-body dynamics leads to several unique effects. One of those is known as superradiance, or alignment, where due to decay or virtual
coupling to the continuum the states undergo restructuring so that their wave functions align towards the decay channels thus facilitating the decay. This effect is well understood theoretically and is closely related to the fundamental properties of reaction physics.
Direct observation of superradiance in open quantum many-body systems is difficult because it is hard to find identical complex quantum systems that are different only in their coupling to the continuum of reaction states describing the decay. Here we report the first observation of this phenomenon in alpha cluster decays of mirror nuclei 18O and 18Ne.
Resizing the extension of the mesophotic “reefs” in the Brazilian Equatorial Margin using bioclastic facies and seabed morphology.
Authors: Filho João Regis dos Santos , Anjos João Victor Moraes , Silva Cleverson Guizan , Filho Allan Kardec Duailibe Barros , Dias Gilberto Tavares Macedo , Figueiredo Alberto Garcia , Cecilio Amanda Bourguignon
Published: August 2022

Mesophotic reefs are rigid-bottom structures that compose an essential ecological role in the marine environment, but their knowledge is scarce compared to the shallow reefs due to diving depth limits and the high cost of geological and geophysical surveys deep ward. The uncovering of an extensive Amazon mesophotic reef system, or Great Amazon Reef System (GARS), in parallel to the discoveries of expressive oil and gas reservoirs in this region, became an essential discussion about marine heritage protection and mineral resource exploitation. Based on an unprecedented dataset reunion (962,338 depth points, 5,515 sampling stations and 384 seismic reflection lines), this paper presented a more accurate and realistic mapping of the mesophotic reefs over the Brazilian Equatorial Margin continental shelf. With an area of 13,478km², the carbonate facies (Bioclastic gravels) represented only 4,2% of the shelf. The results indicate that the GARS, a much smaller area than previously predicted, would correspond to a small portion of a Great Brazilian Mesophotic Bioconstruction Province (GBMBP).
Mathematical Analysis for Performance Evaluation of Beamforming Technique using SIR
Authors: Vasquez-Toledo Luis Alberto , Tirado-Mendez Jose Alfredo , Pascoe-Chalke Michael , Marcelin-Jiménez Ricardo , Rodríguez-Colina Enrique
Published: August 2022

In this paper, three scenarios for cellular communications are analyzed and compared, taking into account the Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR), and Average Data Rate. The analysis involves the coverage analysis that includes the derivation of the mathematical expressions for the coverage user probability distribution, the SIR and the transmission rate. The three scenarios are: universal reuse, sectorization by cell and cell sectorization with Beamforming. Results show that Beamforming out-performs the others, presenting an increment in the average SIR up to 10 dB. Also, it offers an improvement in Data Rate which is 27% better in the ring 1, 113% better in the ring 2 and 700% better in the ring 3.
Invasive Fungal Diseases Impact On Outcome of Childhood ALL – An Analysis of the International Trial AIEOP-BFM ALL 2009
Authors: Lehrnbecher Thomas , Groll Andreas , Cesaro Simone , Alten Julia , Attarbaschi Andishe , Barbaric Draga , Bodmer Nicole , Conter Valentino , Izraeli Shai , Mann Georg , Moericke Anja , Niggli Felix , Schrappe Martin , Stary Jan , Zapotocka Ester , Zimmermann Martin , Elitzur Sarah
Published: August 2022

In children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), risk groups for invasive fungal disease (IFD) with need for antifungal prophylaxis are not well characterized, and with the advent of new antifungal compounds, current data on outcome are scarce. Prospectively captured severe adverse event reports of children enrolled in the international, multi-center clinical trial AIEOP-BFM ALL2009 were screened for proven/probable IFD, defined according to the updated EORTC/MSG consensus definitions. In a total of 6136 children (median age 5.2 years), 224 proven/probable IFDs (65 yeast and 159 mold) were reported. By logistic regression, the risk for proven/probable IFDs was significantly increased in children ≥ 12 years and those with a blast count ≥ 10% in the bone marrow on day 15 (P < 0.0001 each). Proven/probable IFDs had a 6-week and 12-week mortality of 10.7% and 11.2%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the hazard ratio for event-free and overall survival was significantly increased for proven/probable IFD, age ≥ 12 years, and insufficient response to therapy (P < 0.001, each). Our data define older children with ALL and those with insufficient treatment-response at high risk for IFD. As we show that IFD is an independent risk factor for event-free and overall survival, these patients may benefit from targeted antifungal prophylaxis.
Low-dose interleukin-2 alleviates neuroinflammation and improves cognitive impairment in high-fat diet mice
Authors: Chen Zheng , Sui Guanghong , Yang Caixia , Wang Feng
Published: August 2022

Background
Interleukin-2 was originally thought to be a proinflammatory factor, but recent studies have revealed that low-dose interleukin-2 might have an anti-inflammatory property. The aim of the study was to reveal whether the cytokine inhibited neuroinflammation in a high-fat diet mouse model and to further reveal the mechanism involved.
Methods
Mice were treated with a single administration of an AAV-interleukin-2 or AAV-LUC vector. Then, the mice were fed a normal or high-fat diet for 12 weeks, followed by a 4-week intervention period. During the intervention period, some of the mice were treated with CREB inhibitor 666 − 15. Then, cognitive function and depression-like behavior were assessed using the Morris water maze, sucrose preference test and tail suspension test. The expression of p-CREB, several microglial polarizations and inflammasome markers were measured using western blotting. The rate of pyroptosis and expansion and activation of Tregs were assessed using flow cytometry.
Results
A high-fat diet caused cognitive impairment and depression-like behavior in the mice. Meanwhile, the high-fat diet also inhibited the expansion and activation of Tregs, promoted microglial M1 polarization, activated the NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis in the hippocampus, and eventually induced significant neuroinflammation in the hippocampus. Low-dose IL-2 using an AAV vector reversed these cognitive, behavioral and pathophysiological abnormalities. However, 666 − 15 treatment weakened the protective effect of IL-2 and aggravated cognitive impairment, neuroinflammation and all other abnormalities in the mice.
Conclusion
Low-dose interleukin-2 alleviated neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment by activating CREB signaling in high-fat diet mice.
Does School Psychology Literature Address the Inequities in the Assessment Practices for Special Education Eligibility Under Emotional Disturbance?
Authors: Alba Laura Alicia , Bains Bhawandeep K.
Published: August 2022

There is a significant need for school psychology research to examine the current assessment practices used when determining special education eligibility under Emotional Disturbance (ED). Specifically, the field has provided ample evidence of the disproportionate rates of Black students eligible under ED, yet our assessment practices as school psychologists have not been evaluated as potential contributors to this systemic oppression in schools. Given the shift towards using a social justice and anti-racism approach in school psychology, we urge scholars and practitioners to investigate the inequities of the current assessment process for identifying ED eligibility by highlighting the dearth of published literature on this topic. That is, the present study systematically reviewed 135 studies that focused on discussing disproportionately in the assessment process for ED eligibility and were published in top school psychology journals. Results revealed that only six articles (4.44%) explicitly discussed disproportionately in assessment procedures for ED eligibility. This paucity of research in the field of school psychology places challenges in using an equity and anti-racist approach to assessment among a highly subjective eligibility category that often places students from minoritized backgrounds in special education. Recommendations for continuing research on equity and anti-racist approaches to the assessment process in ED eligibility are discussed.
Stress granules affect the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor response by regulating the mitochondrial unfolded protein response
Authors: Lin Nan , Sun Liankun , Chai Jiannan , Qi Hang , Zhao Yuanxin , Ma Jiaoyan , Xia Meihui , Xiaoqing Hu
Published: August 2022

Drug resistance remains a challenge in ovarian cancer. In addition to aberrant activation of relevant signaling pathways, the adaptive stress response is emerging as a new spotlight of drug resistance in cancer cells. Stress granules (SGs) are one of the most important features of the adaptive stress response, and there is increasing evidence that SGs promote drug resistance in cancer cells. In the present study, we compared two types of ovarian cancer cells, A2780 and SKOV3, using the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, PKI-402. We found that SGs were formed and SGs could intercept the signaling factor ATF5 and regulate the response of mitochondrial unfolded protein(mtUPR)in A2780 cells. Therefore, exploring the network formed between SGs and membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria, may provide new insight into the mechanisms of action of antitumor drugs.
Deep Learning with Class Imbalance for Detecting and Classifying Diabetic Retinopathy on Fundus Retina Images
Authors: Kamal Kamel , Mohamed Rania. A. , Darwish Ashraf , Hassanien Aboul Ella
Published: August 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a disorder that causes diabetic retinopathy and is the primary cause of blindness worldwide. Early detection and treatment are required to reduce or avoid vision degradation and loss. For that purpose, various artificial-intelligence-powered approaches for detecting and classifying diabetic retinopathy on fundus retina images have been proposed by the scientific community. This article explores solutions to diabetic retinopathy detection by using three recently developed deep neural networks that have proven effective and efficient. Densenet201, Resnet101, and EfficientNetb0 deep neural network families have been applied to detect and classify diabetic retinopathy on fundus retina images. The dataset was notably not equilibrium; the widespread majority had been normal images, while mild Diabetic retinopathy images made up a very minor percentage of the total dataset. To treatment the skewed distribution and to keep away from biased classification results different scenarios have been used to balance the classes by utilizing (i) weight balancing with data augmentation; (ii) oversampling with data augmentation; (iii) focal loss with data augmentation, and (iv) a hybrid method of oversampling with a focal loss with data augmentation that improves the deep neural network performance of fundus retina images classification with the imbalanced dataset to build an expert system that can rapidly and adequately detect fundus images. The experimental results indicated that using Densenet201, Resnet101, and EfficientNetb0, with weight balancing on the dataset, substantially improves diabetic retinopathy prediction, by re-weighting each class in the loss function, a class that represents an under-represented class will receive a larger weight. The models yielded 94.74%, 94.74%, and 93.42%, respectively, on the test data set.
Investigation of local stress field in the north-central Kinki district by dense seismic observation of stress rotation near the active faults
Authors: Tanaka Toshio , Iio Yoshihisa , Katao Hiroshi , Sawada Masayo , Tomisaka Kazuhide
Published: August 2022

Several active faults are distributed in the north-central Kinki district, making it one of the areas with their highest concentrations in Japan. The orientation of the maximum principal stress (σ1) in southwest Japan is generally in the east-west direction. In the north-central Kinki district, σ1 is also considered to be oriented uniformly in the east-west direction. However, the Arima-Takatsuki fault zone in this district is a vertical strike-slip fault with a strike that is close to east-west, and the angle that the surface trace of the fault makes with the north is 80°. The Mitoke fault zone is also a vertical strike-slip fault with an angle of 110°. The stress field is less likely to cause a strike-slip motion in these fault zones. Thus, in this study, we comprehensively examined whether the orientation of σ1 is uniform. We then investigated the relationship between the orientation of σ1 and the strike of fault. The mechanism solutions were obtained using a large amount of seismic data between November 17, 2008 and March 29, 2018. The stress fields were estimated by stress tensor inversion. At a depth of 10 km near the Arima-Takatsuki fault zone, the average optimum solution for the azimuth of σ1 was 104°, rotating clockwise from the east. The angle between this azimuth and the direction of the surface trace of the fault was 24°. In the Mitoke fault zone, the azimuth of σ1 was 81° and the angle was 29°. These results indicated that the stress field is not uniform and that σ1 rotates in an orientation that easily causes strike-slip motion for strike-slip faults. To elucidate the cause of the σ1 rotation, we assumed that the ductile fault extends into the lower crust as the deeper extension of the brittle fault zone and showed that the stress field in the upper crust rotating near these two fault zones can be explained by aseismic slip on the ductile faults. The findings indicated that the activity of the upper crust is closely related to that of the lower crust and more detailed analysis of the lower crust is essential.
Sarcopenia is associated with worse surgical complications but not relapse-free survival and overall survival in patients with retroperitoneal liposarcoma
Authors: Zhao Mingkun , Lv Minzhi , Fang Yuan , Zhuang Aobo , Wu Qian , Tong Hanxing , Lu Weiqi , Zhang Yong
Published: August 2022

Objective
This investigation aimed to explore the relationship between sarcopenia and severe postoperative complications, relapse-free survival(RFS), and overall survival(OS) in patients with retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RLPS).
Material and methods
This retrospective study included 72 RLPS patients (47 men, 25 women; mean age, 57.49 years, SD 10.92) who had abdominal CT exams. Clinical information was recorded, including RLPS characteristics (histologic subtypes, grade, size), laboratory assessment (ALB, PALB, A/G, Hb, SCr), relapse-free survival, overall survival, and postoperative complications. The relationships between those variables and RFS and OS were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard models.
Results
There were 8 severe postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo grade > 2). The Chi-square test showed sarcopenia was associated with severe postoperative complications (P = 0.011). In multivariate analysis, sarcopenia was not associated with relapse-free survival (P = 0.574) and overall survival (P = 0.578).
Conclusions
Sarcopenia predicts worse surgical complications but does not affect relapse-free survival and overall survival.
FORCE Risk Stratification Tool for Pediatric Cardiac Rehabilitation and Fitness Programs
Authors: Gauthier Naomi , Reynolds Lindsey , Curran Tracy , O’Neill Julie , Gauvreau Kimberlee , Alexander Mark E.
Published: August 2022

Risk stratification is required to set an exercise prescription for cardiac rehabilitation, but an optimal scheme for congenital heart disease (CHD) is unknown. We piloted a system based on hemodynamic rather than anatomic factors: Function, Oxygen level, Rhythm, Complex/Coronary anatomy, and Elevated load (FORCE). Feasibility, efficacy, and safety of the FORCE tool were evaluated.Methods: Patients <22 years old participating in the Cardiac Fitness Program at Boston Children’s Hospital between 02/2017 and 12/2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Assigned FORCE levels, anatomy, adverse events, fitness and exercise test data were collected.Results: Of 63 attempts at FORCE classification, 62 (98%) were successfully classified while one with restrictive cardiomyopathy was not. Thirty-nine (62%) were FORCE 1, 16 (25%) were FORCE 2, and 7 (11%) were FORCE 3. Almost half of FORCE 1 patients had simple or complex CHD and the majority of FORCE 2 patients had single ventricle CHD. FORCE 3 patients were more likely to have serious arrhythmias or cardiomyopathy than those in FORCE 1 or 2 (p<0.001). Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome patients appeared in FORCE 1 only. No adverse events occurred over 958 total sessions. The total number of fitness sessions/participant was similar across FORCE levels.Conclusion: It was feasible to risk stratify patients with CHD using a clinical FORCE tool. The tool was effective in categorizing patients and simple to use. No adverse events occurred with fitness training over nearly 1,000 exercise training sessions. Adding diastolic dysfunction to the original model may add utility.
GNR@PVA Electrodes acquired EEG Signals analysis
Authors: Prasad Anitha S prasad Anitha S , V Asha , Jayaram M N
Published: August 2022

The goal of work is to design cost-effective electromyography (EMG) signal acquisition system using GNP/FE electrode. EMG signal represent the muscle action potentials. Acquisition of EMG signal using Ag/AgCl and GNP/FE3O4@PVDF Surface Electrodes along with Arduino UNO. GNP/FE3O4@PVDF Electrodes with three different concentrations (1.5:1.5, 2:1, 3:0) are designed to acquire EMG signal for different age groups. EMG signal is Pre-processed by using wavelet transform. Performance of acquired EMG signal is measured with parameters like error percentage, correlation co-efficient, signal to noise ratio (SNR). The designed GNP/FE3O4@PVDF with 3:0 ratio shows good performance to acquire EMG for all age groups with minimal error and nominal SNR.
Tensor Decomposition for High-Resolution Images and Videos
Authors: Huang Huyunting , Liu Xiang , Tang Weitao , Zhang Tonglin , Yang Baijian
Published: August 2022

Tensor decompositions, including CANDECOMP/PARAFAC decomposition (CPD), Tucker decomposition (TKD), and tensor train decompositions (TTD), are extensions of singular value decomposition (SVD) for matrices. They are frameworks to decompose images or videos data into bases and coefficients. Due to recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI), tensor decomposition techniques are becoming increasingly important due to its compact representation, fast access , and easy reconstruction. However, tensor decompositions are still challenging in both computations and interpretations because CPD lacks orthogonality, TKD lacks sparsity, and TTD lacks both orthogonality and sparsity. To understand these issues, we evaluate their theoretical and practical limitations induced by the lack of orthogonality and sparsity in existing tensor decomposition methods. To overcome these limitations, a tensor decomposition method with both orthogo-nality and sparsity is proposed. Due to the two properties, the proposed method can be implemented by either a full decomposition or a partial decomposition version. Rather than the full decomposition version which always decomposes a given tensor into the sum of many rank-one tensors, the partial decomposition version only decomposes it into the sum of a number of outer products of lower-order tensors. This leads to the notation of eigen images, which reflects common important properties of images or videos with shared features. Eigen images are independent, meaning that they can be used to interpret the contents of images and videos. Experiment results show that the proposed method has small memory footprint and is much more efficient than existing tensor decomposition methods. Great advantages are demonstrated in conjunction with deep learning for object detection and recognition in high-resolution videos.
Mechanical properties and interface morphology of magnetic pulse-welded Al-Fe tubes with preset geometric features
Authors: Yu HaiPing , Dang Haiqing
Published: August 2022

A dissimilar metal tube joint fabricated by magnetic pulse welding (MPW) usually has uneven mechanical properties and an uneven morphology along the welding direction due to the small discontinuous matching range of the collision parameters. In this work, inclined, concave, and convex wall features were prefabricated on the target tube to improve the uniformity of the mechanical properties. The effects of the types of features and the prefabricated angle on the collision parameters, the axial distribution of the strength, and the interfacial morphology were investigated by simulations, shear tests, and microscopic observations, respectively. The results show that the collision parameters were increased with the increase of the prefabricated angle under the three types of features. Compared with the case without features, the increment of the collision parameters was found to be the greatest under the convex wall feature, and the smallest under the concave wall feature. With the increase of the prefabricated angle under the three types of features, the average shear strength tended to be reduced. When the prefabricated feature was the concave wall with a prefabricated angle of 5°, the quality of the joint was the best; it had an average shear strength of 46.46 MPa, an increase of 87%, and a low standard deviation of 4.96 MPa, a decrease of by 81%, as compared with that without geometric features. The transition layer was found to be the largest under the concave wall feature, and the maximum thickness decreased with the increase of the prefabricated angle.
Analysis on performance of Eco-friendly Engineered Cementitious Composite for construction and environmental Sustainability
Authors: Chowdary Muppalla Venkata Sai Surya Pratap , Asadi SS.
Published: August 2022

Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) is one of the versatile building components. The characteristics of materials and curing period are major factors that will influence the eco-friendly nature, and performance of the composite. In this experimental analysis, the impact of alkaline treated sisal fibres with different combinations of Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibres (Mix-1 is 2% Sisal fibres, Mix-2 is 0.5% Sisal fibres + 1.5% PVA fibres) on the characteristics of Indian Zone II fine aggregates (50% river sand + 50% Manufactured sand) based ECC analyzed. For this, high fly ash to Cement dosage (f/c) of 1.4 is considered. These sisal fibres and f/c ratio are responsible for reduction in the disposal (or) environmental problems. The compressive strength of composite slightly improved from Mix-1 to Mix-2 at 28days with the decreased content of sisal fibres. But the split tensile and flexural characteristics highly increased by 8.33%, 5.45% from Mix-1 to Mix-2, respectively. These characteristics highly improved with the increased curing period (28days to 120days). The durability of the composite significantly influenced from 28days to 56days, but slightly improved with the decreased content of sisal fibres. To analyze these characteristics, SEM and XRD analysis are performed. Portlandite and quartz content was highly reduced (formation of C-S-H gel) from 28days to 56days due to hydration of unhydrated fly ash, fine aggregates, and other materials. The microstructure of both the mixes is densified with this gel. Mix-2 is more densified than Mix-1 due to the properties and arrangement of sisal fibres. These fibres are appropriately arranged in the partial replacement of PVA fibres compared to full dosage.
The relationship between Bisphenols exposure and intestinal flora: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Tian , Sun Suju , Feng Yancheng , Guo Zhiwang , Wang Hao , Wang Liqin
Published: August 2022

A growing number of studies have indicate that Bisphenols (BPs) have an effect on gut microbial community, including alter gut microbial diversity and composition. Due to limited sample size and some varied results, a review is needed to add credibility to the conclusion of BPs influence on gut microbial community. Literature search was implemented based on PubMed,Wed of Science, Science Direct, SinoMed, CNKI database from inception date to February 24,2022. Nineteen eligible articles (BPs exposure on rodent animal experiment studies) were included to our review and all literature’s references were traced back. Meta analysis were conducted to synthesis 5 alpha diversity index(observed species, chao, ace, Shannon, Simpson index), narrative synthesis approach was selected to synthesis composition of gut microbial in BPs group. Results suggest Simpson index significantly increase after BPs intervention. In subgroup analysis, Simpson significantly increase in low dose group( dosage ≦ 0.20mg/kg), observed species significantly decrease in long term group(duration > 5 weeks), chao index decrease in short term group and increase in long term group, chao and Shannon decrease in intestine sample group. To conclude, BPs exposure may decrease the abundance and diversity of gut microbial especially probiotic.
Performance of microencapsulated Bacillus thuringiensis Cry pesticidal proteins
Authors: de Oliveira Jhones Luiz , Gómez Isabel , Sánchez Jorge , Soberón Mario , Polanczyk Ricardo Antonio , Bravo Alejandra
Published: August 2022

The entomopathogenic bacteriaBacillus thuringiensis(Bt) produce parasporal-crystal inclusions composed of different pesticidal proteins such as Cry, that show insecticidal activity against insect pests. Cry toxins are highly susceptible to degradation when exposed to adverse temperature and continuous sun-UV-light. Thus, encapsulation techniques are designed to improve their biopesticide performance and shelf-life. However, the effects of polymeric matrix encapsulation on the mechanism of action of Cry toxins produced by Btkurstakiand Btaizawaihas not been evaluated. Here, we analyzed the solubilization, activation and the binding of Bt insecticidal Cry proteins to their receptors after microencapsulation and compared with commercial non-encapsulated Bt biopesticides. We show that solubilization is one step in the mechanism of action of these proteins that could limit Cry toxin action, the microencapsulation of Bt biopesticides did not alter protein profiles solubilization compared to those non-encapsulated, showing a 130 kDa (corresponding to Cry1 protoxin) and 70 kDa (corresponding to Cry2 protoxin) proteins. Activation with trypsin, chymotrypsin and larval midgut juice was analyzed, showing that this step is highly efficient, and proteins were cleaved producing similar ~ 55 to 65 kDa activated toxins in microencapsulated and non-encapsulated formulations. Binding assays with receptors that are present in brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) ofManduca sextaandSpodoptera frugiperdalarvae showed similar binding curves for conventional and microencapsulated formulations. Finally, LC50bioassays against these pests, showed no significant differences among the treatments. However, when these formulations were subjected to UV radiation, we observed for the microencapsulated Bt formulations provided higher mortality against S.frugiperdalarvae, supporting a higher protective effect against degradation. Overall, our results show that microencapsulation of Bt biopesticides did not affect the mechanism of action of their pesticidal proteins while enhanced protection to UV radiation. These data will contribute to the development of more efficient Bt biopesticide formulations.
Cellular automaton based track finder in the STAR experiment (BNL, USA)
Authors:   , Kozlov Grigory
Published: August 2022

The relevant field of interest in High Energy Physics experiments is shifting to searching and studying extremely rare particles and phenomena. The search for rare probes requires an increase in the number of available statistics by increasing the particle interaction rate. The structure of the events also becomes more complicated, the multiplicity of particles in each event increases, and a pileup appears. Due to technical limitations, such data flow becomes impossible to store fully on available storage devices. The solution to the problem is the correct triggering of events and real-time data processing. In this work, the issue of accelerating and improving the algorithms for reconstruction of the charged particles' trajectories based on the Cellular Automaton in the STAR experiment is considered to implement them for track reconstruction in real-time within the High-Level Trigger. This is an important step in the preparation of the CBM experiment as part of the FAIR Phase-0 program. The study of online data processing methods in real conditions at similar interaction energies allows us to study this process and determine the possible weaknesses of the approach. Two versions of the Cellular Automaton based track reconstruction are discussed, which are used, depending on the detecting systems' features. HFT~CA Track Finder, similar to the tracking algorithm of the CBM experiment, has been accelerated by several hundred times, using both algorithm optimization and data-level parallelism. TPC~CA Track Finder has been upgraded to improve the reconstruction quality while maintaining high calculation speed. The algorithm was tuned to work with the new iTPC geometry and provided an additional module for very low momentum track reconstruction. The improved track reconstruction algorithm for the TPC detector in the STAR experiment was included in the HLT reconstruction chain and successfully tested in the express production for the online real data analysis. This made it possible to obtain important physical results during the experiment runtime without the full offline data processing. The tracker is also being prepared for integration into a standard offline data processing chain, after which it will become the basic track search algorithm in the STAR experiment.
Advances on the Coloring Mechanism of Double-color Flowers in Plants
Authors: Zhang Xinpeng , Xu Zongda , Wang Wenli , Mu Deyu , Meng Xiang , Lu Min , Li Cheng
Published: August 2022

Plants with the flower color phenotype of double-color flowers are very precious and attractive and can usually be regarded as valuable germplasm resources for studying and improving flower color. This paper summarizes the coloring mechanism of double-color flowers in plants from three aspects: the formation of double-color flowers, the physiological factors affecting the coloring difference of double-color flowers, and the molecular mechanism affecting the coloring difference of double-color flowers, to provide a theoretical reference for the in-depth study of the coloring mechanism and molecular breeding of double-color flowers in the future.
The impact of financial digitalization on ensuring the economic security of a country at war: New measurement vectors
Authors: Shkolnyk Inna , Frolov Serhiy , Orlov Volodymyr , Datsenko Victoriia , Kozmenko Yevhenii
Published: August 2022

The military actions in Ukraine have actualized the transformation and revision of existing approaches to assessing the country’s economic security. Financial security, which is considered in this paper through its standard components such as financial sector security, stock market security, debt and budget security, has a significant effect on the formation of economic security. At the same time, digitalization in the financial sector was identified as a new component that provides access to financial resources even in the context of the deployment of hostilities in Ukraine. Therefore, this study assessed the effect of the state of financial security, taking into account the importance of financial digitalization for the economic security of Ukraine. Based on quarterly data for the period 2015–2021, 42 indicators were analyzed, which were grouped according to the relevant components of financial security, and their integral indicators were determined using the Harrington method. A factor analysis of the formation of economic security was carried out using the principal components analysis, and an integral indicator of a country’s economic security was calculated based on the Kinney multiplicative convolution. The integral indicator of economic security for 2025–2021 doubled and amounted to 0.63 units, which was due to the increased influence of financial digitalization processes, all other components either slowly decreased or were stable. Thus, the reserve of economic security that was formed during this period, including due to the intensive digitalization of the financial sector, allowed Ukraine to survive the first weeks of the war and ensure the functioning of the financial system.
Acknowledgment Comments from the Editor and anonymous referees have been gratefully acknowledged. Inna Shkolnyk and Yevhenii Kozmenko gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (0122U000774 “Digitalization and transparency of public, corporate and personal finance: the impact on innovation development and national security”).
The Solution of Non-Linear Equations System Containing Interpolation Functions by Relaxing the Newton Method
Authors: Rokhman Nur , Wahyudi Erwin Eko , Hendarto Janoe
Published: August 2022

Many world phenomena lead to nonlinear equations systems. For some applications, the non-linear equations which construct the non-linear equations system are interpolation functions. However, the interpolation functions are usually not represented as mathematical expressions but as computer programs in specific programming languages. The research proposed using the relaxed Newton method to solve the non-linear equations system that contained interpolation functions. The interpolation functions were represented in the R programming language. Then, the experiment used the Spline interpolation function to construct a two-dimensional non-linear equations system. Eleven initial guesses, maximum of ten-time iterations, and 10-7 precision were applied. The solution of the non-linear equations system and the iteration needed on each initial guess were observed. The experiment shows that the proposed method works well for solving the non-linear equations system constructed by Spline interpolation functions. By observing the initial guesses used in the experiment, there are four possible results: true solution, spurious solution, false solution, and no solution. Applying 11 initial guesses have five initial guesses resulting in true solutions, one initial guess in spurious solution, three initial guesses in false solutions, and one initial guess in no solution. The discussions imply that this method can be generalized to the three-dimensional non-linear equations system or higher dimensions.
Quantifying the changes in the runoff and its components across the Upper Indus River Basin under climate change
Authors: Baig Sohaib , Sayama Takahiro , Yamada Masafumi
Published: August 2022

The runoff from the Upper Indus River Basin (UIB) is considered vital for sustainable water supply and agriculture. Climate change may alter the runoff and affect the availability of water. This study employs a hydrologic model and the climate projections of fine-resolution Meteorological Research Institute-Atmospheric General Circulation Model (MRI-AGCM) (0.1875°) to assess the impacts of climate change in the future (2075–2099) on the flows in the UIB and its sub-basins. The simulations have shown satisfactory results compared to the observed ones. Furthermore, simulated snow-cover was compared with estimated snow-cover by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). According to the results, meltwater from glaciers contributes to about two-thirds of the annual runoff from the UIB. According to the projections, the future temperature will increase by 5.3 °C and annual precipitation will increase by 17% across the UIB. Despite this increase, the annual river flows were projected to decrease by 14% in the future because of depleted glacier melt. Furthermore, the detailed hydrologic responses in selected sub-basins showed different patterns in the future depending on the climate and elevation. In an eastern sub-basin, flows will increase by 58% because of enhanced glacier melt and higher precipitation. Contrarily, two western sub-basins will experience the reduction of the flow by 30–70% because of the glacier retreat.
Bioactive Furanyl- or Thienyl-Substituted Nucleobases, Nucleosides and
Their Analogues
Authors: Ostrowski Tomasz
Published: August 2022

Five-membered heterocycles, including furan and thiophene, play a prominent role in drug design as structural units of bioactive molecules. This review is intended to demonstrate the importance of the furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, thien-2-yl and thien-3-yl substituents in medicinal chemistry of purine and pyrimidine nucleobases, nucleosides and selected analogues. Data presented in the article are limited to compounds containing heteroaromatic ring connected through a bond, and not fused to other systems. The impact of bioisosteric replacement of aryl substituents with heteroaryl ones on activities was assessed by comparison of the title compounds with their aryl counterparts. A total of 135 heteroaryl-substituted and 35 aryl-substituted derivatives are mentioned in the text and shown in the figures. The following classes of compounds are included in the article: (i) 5-heteroaryl-2’-deoxyuridines and related compounds; (ii) 8-heteroaryl-2,9-disubstituted adenine derivatives; (iii) O6-(heteroarylmethyl)guanines; (iv) 6-heteroaryl tricyclic guanine analogues; (v) 6-heteroaryl-9-benzylpurines and analogous compounds; (vi) N4-furfurylcytosine, N6-furfuryladenine, their derivatives and analogues; (vii) 6-heteroaryl purine and 7-deazapurine ribonucleosides; (viii) 7-heteroaryl-7-deazaadenosines, their derivatives and analogues; (ix) 4-heteroaryl fused 7-deazapurine nucleosides. In most cases various modifications of the lead compound structure performed in order to obtain the most favorable activity and selectivity are briefly discussed. The reviewed structure-activity relationship studies exemplify the search for compounds with optimized antiviral, antitumor, antimycobacterial or antiparkinsonian action.
Insight to Combat Post COVID-19 Mortality: Complications and
their Biomarkers
Authors: Srivastava Rajnish , Patel Pankaj Singh , Dev Suresh Kumar , Pradhan Joohee , Panchawat Sunita
Published: August 2022

Background:

COVID-19 is a severe acute respiratory syndrome that has
become a prominent source of morbidity and mortality around the world. With millions
infected globally by the COVID-19 epidemic, long-term care for COVID-19 survivors has
become a global concern. As a result, research into the long-term pulmonary and
extrapulmonary consequences and complications of COVID is absolutely necessary.

Objectives:

In an attempt to better understand and mitigate post recovery mortality,
early detection of the post recovery complication might prevent the severity of the
complication and can be recovered. As per cases reported, post covid extrapulmonary
complications were more than pulmonary complications. However, the post covid
pulmonary complications were found to be more lethal and nonrecoverable in most of
the cases than extrapulmonary complications.

Methods:

The present review is an attempt to reveal the role and importance of
biomarkers associated with critical post covid pulmonary complications. COVID-19 is
associated with post-covid pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary endothelial dysfunction,
pulmonary aspergillosis, pulmonary mucormycosis, biomarkers and WHO, as keywords
were used to retrieve updated information. PubMed, and Google Scholar were used as
search engines for this.

Results:

There must be a better knowledge of the post-COVID-19 pulmonary problems
in terms of systemic pathophysiological results to create multidisciplinary clinics to
address both long-term symptoms and potential long-term consequences. This can be
achieved by revealing the molecular pathogenesis that can be validated by certain
biomarkers and various diagnostic techniques. Accordingly, the clinical program can be
designed to treat and effectively manage the post covid pulmonary complications in
early-stage to prevent mortality.

Conclusion:

In order to deal with the specific logistical problems given by pandemic
circumstances, effective interdisciplinary collaboration models draw on experiences
learned during the early phases of the pandemic.
Comparison of Efficacy and Safety between Thrombolysis Plus Anticoagulation
vs. Anticoagulation Alone for the Treatment of Acute Submassive
Pulmonary Embolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Pan Qingyun , Gao Han , Wang Yingju , Chen Quanfang
Published: August 2022

Objective:

The objective of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of thrombolysis
plus anticoagulant therapy vs. anticoagulant therapy alone in acute submassive pulmonary embolism
(PE).

Materials and Methods:

The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for
randomized clinical trials comparing thrombolytic therapy and anticoagulation vs. anticoagulation alone
in acute submassive PE patients from 1 Jan 1980 to 20 Jan 2021, with no drug or dose restrictions. Data
on upgraded treatment of clinical deterioration, all-cause mortality, PE recurrence and bleeding events
were extracted and analyzed using Revman 5.3 software.

Results:

A total of 10 randomized controlled trials involving 1871 patients were included in the study
after screening. In terms of efficacy, thrombolysis combined with anticoagulant therapy reduced the
need for upgrading treatment (3.6 vs. 10.9%, risk ratio (RR) 0.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.24-
0.54, p<0.00001) and PE recurrence (0.8 vs. 2.9%, RR 0.33, 95% CI 0.16-0.69, p=0.003) in patients
with acute submassive PE. Compared with anticoagulant therapy alone, the concomitant use of thrombolysis
was associated with lower all-cause mortality (1.3 vs. 3.0%, RR 0.47, 95% CI 0.26-0.87,
p=0.02), but it increased minor bleeding rate (31.4 vs. 8.4%, RR 3.71, 95% CI 2.82-4.88, p<0.0001) and
major bleeding rate (8.8 vs. 2.6%, RR 3.35, 95%CI 2.03-5.54, p<0.0001).

Conclusions:

The use of thrombolysis plus anticoagulant therapy in acute submassive PE was negatively
associated with patients requiring escalation of treatment, PE recurrence, and all-cause mortality, but it
was positively associated with bleeding.