bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ФАРМАКОГНОСТИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ФЕРУЛЫ ЖЕСТКОВАТОЙ / PHARMACOGNOSTIC ANALYSIS OF FERULA RIGIDULA
Authors: Al-Bdairi Gussein Mazin Kadhim , Ghazaryan Arshaluys
Published: August 2024

В настоящее время известно более 180 видов рода Ferula rigidula. Широко распространено в разных регионах Армении. Научные источники подтверждают, что трава и корни имеют богатый химический состав, который обеспечивает фармакологические свойства растения. Материалом исследования послужило сырье, собранное в мае 2022 года из села Бюракан Арагацотнского региона. Растение идентифицировано и гербаризировано на кафедре фармакогнозии Ереванского Государственного медицинского университета товароведческие показатели сырья. В результате исследования установлено, что общее количество экстративных веществ в сырье составляет 4,52 %, влаги – 13,58 % и золы – 12,67 %. По полученным показателям была проведена предварительная стандартизация сырья ферулы жестковатой, произрастающей в РА. // Currently, over 180 species of the genus Ferula are documented, with a wide distribution across various regions of Armenia. Scientific literature confirms that both the herb and roots of these plants possess with a rich chemical composition, which accounts for their pharmacological properties.
In May 2022, research material was collected from the village of Byurakan in the Aragatsotn region for analysis. The plant samples were identified and herbarized at the Department of Pharmacognosy of Yerevan State Medical University after Mk. Heratsi. Anatomical and diagnostic features, as well as commodity indicators, of the raw materials were thoroughly studied and identified.
The study revealed that the total amount of extractive substances in the raw materials is 4.52%, with a moisture content of 13.58% and ash content of 12.67%. Based on these findings, a preliminary standardization of the raw materials of Ferula rigidula, found growing in the Republic of Armenia, was conducted.
ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ПАСТЕРИЗОВАННОГО ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО МОЛОКА С HUMULUS LUPULUS / TECHNOLOGY OF PASTEURIZED FUNCTIONAL MILK WITH HUMULUS LUPULUS
Authors: Khachatryan Hripsime , Karakhanyan Marina , Paronikyan Ruzanna
Published: August 2024

В настоящее время лекарственные растения широко используются в пищевой промышленности для получения функциональных и лечебно-профилактических продуктов питания. С целью определения оптимальной дозы хмеля были приготовлены образцы пастеризованного молока с добавлением различных количеств его водного раствора. Оптимальная доза внесения водного раствора хмеля составила 10%. На основе исследований и обобщения полученных экспериментальных данных, нами был разработан проект технологии пастеризованного молока с добавлением раствора хмеля, вследствие чего продукт приобретает функциональные качества. // Currently, medicinal plants are widely used in food production to obtain functional and therapeutic foods. To determine the optimal dose of hops, samples of pasteurized milk were prepared by adding different amounts of its aqueous solution. The optimum addition rate of the aqueous solution was 10%. Based on experimental data, we obtained a new functional food.
Analyzing Teacher-Student Interaction in English-Medium Classrooms: Flanders’ and Initiation-Response-Feedback Model in-Focus
Authors: Balaobao Anjelyn , Calapaan Angel Joyce , Cubero Sheane Ann , Syting Christian Jay
Published: August 2024

This study analyzed teacher-student interaction in English-medium classrooms using Flanders’ Interaction Analysis and the Initiation-Response-Feedback (IRF) pattern frameworks. Eight teachers from the College of Teacher Education (CTE) at a private higher institutions participated in the study: three were observed during their teaching process for a total of six hours, and five were interviewed. Using the Flanders’ Model, the main categories involved were indirect teacher talk, direct teacher talk, student talk, and silence. On the other hand, using IRF, the results revealed that head acts involved initiating acts, which consisted of requestives, directives, elicitation, and informatives; responding acts, which composed of positive, negative, and temporization responses; and then follow-up acts, which comprised of endorsement, concession, and acknowledgement. The study underscores the significance of balancing direct and indirect talk to foster more dynamic and interactive classroom environments. Mapping out specific interaction patterns such as initiating insights for educators to refine their teaching strategies and enhance student engagement and learning outcomes.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Pengawai Pengelola Keuangan: Sarana Pendukung Sistem Informasi Akuntansi, Sistem Pengendalian Intern Pemerintah Dan Budaya Organisasi
Authors: Silmi Kafah Aulia  , Cris Kuntadi  , Rachmat Pramukty
Published: August 2024

Previous research or relevant research is very important in a research or scientific article. Previous research or relevant research serves to strengthen the theory and phenomena of the relationship or influence between variables. This article reviews the factors that influence the Performance of Financial Managers, namely Supporting Facilities for Accounting Information Systems, Government Internal Control Systems and Organizational Culture, a literature study of accounting information systems. The purpose of writing this article is to build a hypothesis on the influence between variables to be used in further research. The results of this literature review article are: 1) Accounting Information System Support Facilities affect the Performance of Financial Management Supervisors; 2) The Government's Internal Control System affects the Performance of Financial Management Supervisors; and 3) Organizational Culture influences the Performance of Financial Management Supervisors.
Analisis Profitabilitas dan Solvabilitas Untuk Mengukur Kinerja Keuangan di PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk.
Authors: Regita Cahyani Annisa Putri  , Nadhirah Lathifunnisa  , Sharen Syifa Nafia  , Aliefthio Putra Rindjani Hoefnagel
Published: August 2024

Good company financial performance continues to be demanded in order to maximize profits in achieving its goals. This study was conducted to analyze the financial performance achieved by PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk. in 2019-2021. The approach used in this research is a quantitative descriptive study. The type of data is secondary data which can be obtained through the financial statements of PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk. in 2019-2021. The analysis in this study used profitability ratios and solvency ratios. The results showed that for 4 years it was in a fairly good financial performance condition. The company's profitability in terms of the GPM indicator is in good condition, but the ROA indicator is in a poor condition. The company's solvency both in terms of DER and DAR indicators is in very good condition.
Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Kinerja Usaha Mikro: Penggunaan Dana BPUM , Penggunaan Software Akuntansi dan Human Capital
Authors: Cut Zia Auralia  , Cris Kuntadi  , Rachmat Pramukty
Published: August 2024

Previous research or relevant research is very important in a research or scientific article. Previous research or relevant research serves to strengthen the theory and phenomena of the relationship or influence between variables. This article reviews the factors that influence micro business performance, namely the use of BPUM funds, the use of accounting software and human capital, a literature study on accounting information systems. The purpose of this paper is to produce a hypothesis about the influence between variables that can be used in further research. The results of this literature review article are 1) The use of BPUM funds affects the performance of micro businesses; 2) the use of accounting software affects the performance of micro businesses; and 3) human capital affects the performance of micro businesses.
Implementasi Teori Akuntansi Dalam Perumusan Standar Akuntansi Pelaporan Keuangan
Authors: Siti Nur Adillah  , Cici Putri Ardyanti  , Nurlaila Nurlaila
Published: August 2024

At the beginning, accounting was merely a very simple record-keeping. It was only to record the economic transactions happened in the society at that time. Along with the breakthrough period and human needs in every transaction, the basic clear rules are keenly needed that can be tailored to the development of technological progress. Due to such rationale, an accounting theory is needed to answer all hypotheses on the phenomena that occurs in the society. The thinkers and researchers in the field of accounting continue to work with various methods and approaches to implement the accounting theory which is acceptable by all users of the accounting community in the world and so as to produce a Statement of Basic Accounting Theory (ASOBAT) published by the AAA in 1966 and Positive Accounting Theory (PAT) appeared in 1979. Outlining the process of formulation of accounting theory, the emergence of ASOBAT and PAT and finding the reason of accepting the accounting standards in the world (IASC-IFRS) is the purpose of writing this paper.
Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi Dan Kompleksitas Tugas Terhadap Peserta Magang Maupun Probation Di Kantor Akuntan Publik (KAP) Studi Kasus Mahasiswa Atau Alumni UNPAR
Authors: Katharina Audy Onwardhani
Published: August 2024

This study aims to examine the influence of organizational culture and complexity duties on the performance of apprentices and probation participants at the Public Accounting Firm (KAP). This research is still relevant as evidenced by the existence of cases of fraud and audit failures caused by the performance of auditors in public accounting firms that have not been optimum. The research technique used was a questionnaire with 76 auditors as respondents from Public Accounting Firms in Indonesia. The auditors come from active students or alumni of UNPAR accounting who are apprentices and alumni who have attended probation at KAP. The research method used in testing the hypothesis is validity and reliability testing, multiple linear regression, F test (simultaneous), and t test (partial) with the independent variables namely organizational culture and task complexity while the dependent variable is auditor performance at KAP. The results of data processing show that all independent variables in this study which include organizational culture and task complexity have a significant effect both partially and simultaneously on auditor performance. With this research, the researcher hopes that further researchers can expand this research by adding other variables that are factors that influence the performance of an auditor
Pengaruh Compensation dan Work Environment terhadap Turnover Intention Yang dimediasi oleh Job Satisfaction pada PT Bank Mandiri Taspen
Authors: Haula Syifa Utari  , Andreas Wahyu Gunawan  , Netania Emilisa  , Aqsa Fadillah
Published: August 2024

This study aims to analyze the effect of compensation and work environment on turnover intention mediated by job satisfaction at PT Bank Mandiri Taspen, which is a banking company with two different branches. This type of research uses a quantitative method by using the hypothesis testing method on two divisions in a banking company. The data collection technique used in this research is a questionnaire with 92 respondents. Data processing and analysis in this study used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Square (PLS) in the SmartPLS application. The results showed that: Compensation has a negative and significant effect on Turnover intention, Compensation has a positive and significant effect on Job satisfaction, Work environment has a negative and significant effect on Turnover intention, Work environment has a positive and significant effect on Job satisfaction, Job satisfaction has Negative and significant effect on Turnover intention, Compensation has a negative and significant effect on Turnover intention through Job satisfaction, Work environment has a negative and significant effect on Turnover intention. Job satisfaction has a positive influence on Job satisfaction because the more comfortable a work environment is, the employees will feel safe and comfortable in completing their work and Compensation and Work Environment are proven to be significant and have a negative effect based on the existing beta coefficient value which indicates that both these variables have an influence on Turnover Intention at PT Bank Mandiri Taspen
Pengaruh Penggunaan Informasi Akuntansi Terhadap Keberhasilan Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (Studi Pada UMKM di Kecamatan Alok Kabupaten Sikka)
Authors: Emanuel Darwis Yoseph Mite  , Maria Nona Dince  , Paulus Libu Lamawitak
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of using accounting information on the success of micro, small and medium enterprises in Alok District, Sikka Regency. The method used in this study is a quantitative method with primary data sources in the form of questionnaires which were distributed to MSME actors in Alok District with a total of 30 respondents. The analytical method in this study is the research instrument test, classical assumption test, simple regression analysis and hypothesis testing. The results obtained in this study show that the use of accounting information influences the success of micro, small and medium enterprises in Alok District, Sikka Regency. This shows that the use of good and accurate accounting information will have a positive impact on the success of a business.
Pengaruh Likuiditas Profitabilitas Dan Leverage Terhadap Kebijakan Dividen
Authors: Lailatul Maghfiroh  , Muhammad Aufa
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of liquidity, profitability and leverage on dividend policy. The sample in this study were companies listed in the LQ45 index listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2019-2021 period using purposive sampling method and obtained 30 companies. This research uses multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that liquidity and leverage have no effect on dividend policy. Meanwhile, profitability has a significant effect on dividend policy. The coefficient of determination shows 19,5%. These results indicate the ability of the independent variables to explain the dependent variable while 80,5% is explained by other variables
Pengaruh Kompleksitas Tugas, Etika Profesi dan Struktur Audit Terhadap Kinerja Auditor
Authors: Primayeta Wahyuni  , Dewi Zulvia
Published: August 2024

This research aims to examine task complexity, professional ethics and audit structure on auditor performance. Collecting research data using a questionnaire. The questionnaire was submitted to the Public Accounting Office in Padang City. This research is included in quantitative research. The sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis uses multiple regression using SPSS 22 software. The results of this research show that Task Complexity has a positive effect on Auditor Performance, Professional Ethics has a positive effect on Auditor Performance and Audit Structure has no effect on Auditor Performance.
Pengaruh Fraud Pentagon dan Asimetri Informasi terhadap Fraudulent Financial Statement dengan Kualitas Laba Sebagai Pemoderasi
Authors: Muhammad Taufiq Arrahman  , Nera Marinda Machdar
Published: August 2024

This study aims to examine the influence of pentagon fraud and information asymmetry on fraudulent financial statement with earnings quality as a moderating variable. This study uses a literature review method. The theories underlying this study are agency theory and positive accounting theory. The results of the study show that the factors that influence fraudulent financial statements are pressure, opportunity, rationalization, competence, arrogance, and information asymmetry. Earnings quality can strengthen or weaken the influence of these factors. This study was conducted to enable subsequent researchers to gain a deep understanding of the theories and research results that are relevant to their research topic.
Analisis Kas Kecil Dalam Sistem Akuntansi Kas Pada PT Paya Pinang
Authors: Wifka Yunita  , Kusmilawaty Kusmilawaty
Published: August 2024

The formation and use of cash is a delegation of authority to petty cash holders to pay directly for relatively small cash expenditures. This research aims to analyze procedures for the formation, accountability and filling of petty cash at PT. PD. Paya Pinang. This research uses qualitative methods with primary data sources. Data collection by interviews and documentation in the form of recording procedural data contained in the procedure book which is kept in the finance section. The results of this research show that petty cash in the cash accounting system at PT. PD Paya Pinang's formation, accountability and replenishment procedures have been carried out efficiently and effectively using a fixed fund system (Imprest find) because it has gone through the procedures established by the company.
Translation as an Act of Love: Ethical Considerations in the Translation, Continuation and Transformation of Witness Poetry
Authors: Stone CM
Published: August 2024

This paper will critically consider the ethical responsibilities and positionality of the translator of Witness Poetry (poetry written in response to mass social trauma), primarily through engagement with the work of Dale Tracy in With the Witness: Poetry, Compassion and Claimed Experience (2017), and Gayatri Spivak’s ‘The Politics of Translation’ (2000), and through interdisciplinary considerations of trauma theory, testimony, and poetics. Translation engenders fluctuating movement into, and out of, the text; it requires thorough exploration ‘inside’, considering the micro levels of language, and a frequent moving ‘out of’, in order to remain aware of one’s own position and linguistic context (Slavitt 2010: 509). The ‘frustrations’ of translation, that a shift across languages will always create changes in weight or meaning, reminds the translator of their limited position: limited, in terms of distance from the original event via systems of language. Translation affords intense, prolonged attention to the original poem, and imbedded reminders of distance and refracted positionality. Crucially to Witness Poetry, translation provides opportunity for participation in the continuation of testimony, in the act of remembering (Slavitt 2010; Deanne–Cox 2013). I argue that the position, responsibilities, and possibilities of the translator to Witness Poetry can be (re)imagined through the transdisciplinary, trans–epistemic lenses of compassion, trauma theory, ethical readership and response.
Investigation of Total Knee Arthoplasty Failure Factors and Evaluating Functional Outcomes after Revision Surgery
Authors: Qazi Farhan , Waheed Abdul , Arif Muhammad , Ahmed Nisar , Qureshi Nadeem , Ali Waqas
Published: August 2024

Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective surgical procedure for treating severe knee arthritis. However, certain factors can lead to failure of TKA necessitating the revision surgery. Objective: To evaluate the factors of TKA failure along with assessment of functional outcomes after revision surgery. Methods: It was a prospective cohort study conducted at Pak International Medical College, Hayatabad, from June 2022 to July 2023. A consecutive number of 67 patients admitted in orthopedics surgery department during the selected timeframe were screened. 40 patients aged 25 years and older with Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) failure requiring revision surgery were included in this study. Each patient was assessed to find the causes of total knee arthroplasty failure. The American Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score and Visual analog scale scores was used preoperatively, at three and six months after surgery to assess the functional outcomes after revision surgery. Results: The mean age of the sample was 49.2 ± 5.4years with 57.5% males and 42.5% females. The causes of failure were aseptic loosening (12.5%), periprosthetic fracture (2.5%) and patellofemoral extensor mechanism insufficiency (50%). The pre-operative (HSS) data score was 59.44 ± 5.99, at the 3-month post-operative mark 73.17 ± 3.85The mean pre-operative VAS score was determined to be 3.71 ± 0.97 and at 6-month post-operative 1.49 ± 0.79 (p-value < 0.01). Conclusions: The factors leading to failure of primary knee replacement includes patellofemoral extensor mechanism insufficiency, infection and malalignment, with revision knee surgery effectively leading to better patient outcomes.
Enhancing Research Competency: Learning Needs Analysis as an Input for Research Development Planning
Authors: F. Cerbito Adonis ,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8434-9589 adonisfcerbito@yahoo.com afcerbito@lanting.ph.education Dr. Carlos S. Lanting College Manila, Philippines
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to assess the research competencies of students in senior high school and higher education students, focusing on the relationship between various competencies. Utilizing a descriptive correlational design, the study gathered data through a two-month survey using Google Forms. Purposive sampling was used to select participants with relevant research experience or characteristics, enhancing data relevance. Key findings revealed students in higher education revolve around a solid grasp of the Basic Research Process, indicating a high proficiency level of understanding in the essential components of research and the ability to navigate fundamental aspects of research. Additionally, a notable variation in students’ self-assessments of their research skills, indicating disparities in confidence across different competencies. Students from the BED-SHS consistently rated their competencies higher compared to the college student groups. This study highlights the need for targeted educational interventions to address these competency gaps and ensure a more consistent level of research competency across different stages of the research process. Keywords: Research competencies, research process, learning needs analysis
WORKSHOP "CONHECENDO O CURSO DE MEDICINA" PARA ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO MÉDIO E PRÉ-VESTIBULANDOS DE UBERABA-MG
Authors: Lima Yuri Kadosh Araujo , Oliveira Gabriela Cunha de , Salgado Guilherme Augusto Ferreira , Cerukovic Henrique , Melo João Roberto de , Cau Júllia Molina , Barbosa Karina Faria , Araújo Leonardo Ribeiro , Lopes Lívia Melchior Simeão , Vergara Mario León Silva , Paula Matheus Felipe de , Ramos Taynara Rodrigues , Silva Márcia Benedita de Oliveira
Published: August 2024

A escolha de uma profissão é um desafio em determinado momento da vida, mas os jovens enfrentam dificuldades, como falta de experiência, motivação, indecisão e expectativas infundadas, especialmente quando combinadas com a falta de informação sobre profissões e mercado de trabalho. O Workshop "Conhecendo o curso de Medicina" visa oferecer aos estudantes do ensino médio e pré-vestibulandos a oportunidade de conhecer o Curso de Medicina de uma Universidade Federal, com o objetivo de auxiliar nas decisões futuras sobre a escolha profissional. Durante o evento, os estudantes passam um dia na universidade, onde recebem informações sobre a rotina do curso de Medicina, que incluem detalhes sobre a grade curricular, como aulas de anatomia, técnicas cirúrgicas, patologia e semiologia. Além disso, é ministrado uma palestra sobre a história do curso e relatos de experiências de acadêmicos de Medicina, coordenados por bolsistas do Programa de Educação Tutorial/MEC e monitores previamente selecionados. O Workshop tem despertado entusiasmo nos estudantes, ajudando-os a compreender melhor o curso de Medicina e incentivando o interesse a ingressar na universidade.
Assessment of sow mortality in a large herd
Authors: Sanz M , Roberts J , Perfumo C , Alvarez Roberta , Donovan Tara , Almond Glen
Published: August 2024

Causes of sow and gilt death were appraised with postmortem examinations for 20 weeks (May to October) in a 5200-sow herd experiencing higher than expected sow mortality. Complete necropsy findings and data are provided for 107 females. The locomotor, gastrointestinal, reproductive, and urinary systems were affected with lesions presumably causing death; however, lesions affecting the respiratory and circulatory systems also were evident. Sow death was more common during gestation and lactation than in the breeding phase of production. Animals euthanized by farm personnel accounted for approximately 40% of deaths. A group of 88 cull sows was examined at slaughter to discover the distribution of lesions in the surviving population. The proportion of animals with lesions differed between the culled and necropsied sows.
Ovulation induction protocol using equine chorionic gonadotropin and porcine luteinizing hormone in the weaned sow
Authors: Bennett-Steward Kristina , Cassar Glen , Plante Claire , Friendship Robert , Zak Louisa
Published: August 2024

Objective: To determine the lowest dose of porcine luteinizing hormone (pLH) that induces ovulation in a predictable manner in mixed-parity sows 80 hours after treatment with equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) at weaning. Materials and methods: All sows were injected intramuscularly (IM) with 600 IU eCG at weaning. At 80 hours post weaning, sows were treated IM with pLH at doses of 0.625 mg (n = 5), 1.25 mg (n = 14), 2.5Â mg (n = 21), and 5.0 mg (n = 5). The 15 controls were untreated. Approximate time of ovulation was determined using transrectal realtime ultrasound 8 hours before and 16 hours post pLH injection, and thereafter at 8-hour intervals until ovulation was confirmed. Results: Administration of pLH was effective in inducing ovulation in weaned sows. The pLH-to-ovulation interval was shorter in sows given pLH at 1.25 mg (P < .05), 2.5 mg (P < .01), and 5.0 mg (P < .05) than in controls. Variance associated with the pLH-to-ovulation interval tended to be less in treated than in control sows (P < .10). More sows administered either 2.5 or 5.0 mg pLH ovulated by 40 hours post pLH administration than all other treatments (P < .01). Implications: Doses of 2.5 and 5.0 mg of pLH did not differ in their effect of inducing ovulation in an estrus-synchronization program initiated with 600 IU of eCG at weaning. Controlling the time of ovulation allows insemination to occur at the time of optimal fertilization.
A cluster of farms experiencing severe porcine circovirus associated disease: Clinical features and association with the PCV2b genotype
Authors: Horlen Kyle , Schneider Paula , Anderson Joseph , Nietfeld Jerome , Henry Steven , Tokach Lisa , Rowland Raymond
Published: August 2024

The objective of this study was to characterize the clinical, histopathological, and virological features of an outbreak of severe porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD) on four farms located in the same geographical region of Kansas. The outbreak of PCVAD was evident by increased mortality and the appearance of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome, porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome, and neurological signs. Whole porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) genomes were derived by sequencing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products amplified from tissues. Nucleotide differences between North American and European isolates were used to construct a genotype-specific PCR assay for detection of different genotypes. Genetic sequencing of PCV2 from 12 PCVAD-affected pigs showed that all viruses were associated with the PCV2b genotype and were distant from historical PCV2a isolates. Routine virus isolation from tissues of PCVAD-affected pigs yielded both PCV2a and PCV2b viruses, as well as a porcine teschovirus.The identification of PCV2b in Kansas is consistent with the increased incidence of both severe PCVAD and variant PCV2 genotypes worldwide. The ultimate source of the PCV2b virus within the production systems studied remains unclear. Genotype-specific PCR assays provide new tools for understanding the contributions of PCV2a and PCV2b viruses to PCVAD.
Effect on total pigs weaned of herd closure for elimination of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
Authors: Schaefer Nathan , Morrison Robert
Published: August 2024

Herd closure has been reported as a method to eliminate porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) from breeding herds. However, there is concern that while closing the herd to animal entries may aid in elimination of PRRSV, productivity of the herd may decrease, at least temporarily. Herd closure was conducted at 15 multiplication herds as part of a PRRSV eradication program beginning in December 2001. All herds tested positive for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) by ELISA prior to closure, and three were known to be infected. All herds were preloaded with gilts and closed for an average of 260 days. After closure, all farms tested negative for PRRSV by polymerase chain reaction and have remained negative for 4 years. The impact of closure was evaluated by comparing the number of pigs weaned during the 52 weeks prior to the day of closure to that achieved for the 52 subsequent weeks. Of the 15 herds, 13 had produced at least the same total number of weaned pigs at 52 weeks after closure. Number of services per week and change in farrowing rate accounted for 60% of the variability observed in total pigs weaned per week.
Concurrent pasteurellosis and classical swine fever in Indian pigs
Authors: Kumar H , Mahajan V , Sharma S , Singh R , Arora A , Banga H , Verma S , Kaur Kamalpreet , Kaur P , Sandhu K
Published: August 2024

Outbreaks of classical swine fever (CSF) occurred in four herds in Punjab state. All herds were located in the same geographical area, but were approximately 100 km apart. Overall morbidity, mortality, and case fatality rate were 88.2%, 77.5%, and 87.8%, respectively, in pigs ≤ 3 months of age, and 20.5%, 8.2%, and 40.0%, respectively, in older pigs. Clinical signs included high fever; erythema of the skin of the ears, abdomen, and medial thighs; and greenish watery diarrhea. Postmortem lesions observed were intestinal ulcers; congestion and multifocal hemorrhages of the spleen; enlarged, edematous, and hemorrhagic lymph nodes; and petechial hemorrhages on the kidneys. Subcapsular hemorrhages in kidneys and chronic necrotic enteritis were the significant histological lesions. Testing by agar gel immunodiffusion in all four outbreaks identified CSF virus antigen. Pasteurella multocida isolates from two o utbreaks were characterized morphologically and biochemically. Serotype B:2 was identified from both outbreaks by polymerase chain reaction using P multocida-specific primers (KMT1T7, KMT1 SP6) and B:2-type-specific primers (KTSP61, KTT72). Pneumonic lesions were more marked in cases from which P multocida was isolated.
Dealing with unexpected Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serological results
Authors: Broes Andre , Martineau Guy-Pierre , Gottschalk Marcelo
Published: August 2024

Serological testing is widely used to monitor swine herds for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP). Several serological tests are presently used, most often the complement fixation test, the long-chain lipopolysaccharide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the ApxIV ELISA. Serological testing occasionally generates ambiguous results. In such situations, bacterial isolation and polymerase chain reaction testing must be used in order to accurately define the presence or absence of APP. Examples of unexpected serological results and the eventual means of establishing herd APP status are illustrated by means of 10 cases that occurred in European and North American herds.
Effects of two direct-fed microbials on the ability of pigs to resist an infection with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium
Authors: Spiehs Mindy , Shurson Gerald , Johnston Lee
Published: August 2024

Objective: To evaluate the effects of direct-fed microbials (DFMs) containing either Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis or Enterococcus faecium on the ability of finisher pigs to resist a Salmonella serovar Typhimurium infection. Materials and methods: Forty finishing pigs were used in a 12-day disease challenge study. Dietary treatments included no DFM (Control; 20 pigs), DFM provided in drinking water (E faecium), or DFM provided in feed (Bacillus). Ten Control pigs were not challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium; the remaining 30 pigs were inoculated on Day 0. Fecal samples were cultured for Salmonella Typhimurium on Days 0 to 5, 9, and 12. Serum haptoglobin (Hp), α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), IgG, and IgM concentrations were measured. Pigs were euthanized on Day 12, and tissue and digesta were tested for presence and numbers of salmonellae. Results: Pigs challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium had looser stools (P < .05), greater fecal shedding of salmonellae on Days 2, 3, 4, and 5 (P < .05), and higher serum Hp concentrations on Day 7 (P < .05) than nonchallenged pigs. Serum AGP, IgG, and IgM concentrations were similar between challenged and nonchallenged pigs on all days. Fecal and tissue concentrations of Salmonella Typhimurium and serum Hp, AGP, IgG, and IgM concentrations were similar among challenged groups fed the three dietary treatments. Implications: Under the conditions of this study, DFMs are not effective in reducing prevalence of Salmonella Typhimurium in feces, gastrointestinal contents, or tissues, or decreasing the number of salmonellae shed.
Equine chorionic gonadotrophin and porcine luteinizing hormone to shorten and synchronize the wean-to-breed interval among parity-one and parity-two sows
Authors: Bennett-Steward Kristina , Aramini Jeff , Pelland Christine , Friendship Robert
Published: August 2024

Objective: To determine the efficacy of an estrus and ovulation synchronization protocol utilizing equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and porcine luteinizing hormone (pLH) on the wean-to-breed interval (WBI), farrowing rate, and litter size in parity-one and parity-two sows. Materials and methods: Parity-one (n = 1167) and parity-two sows (n = 1196) from a total of eleven farms across Canada were each randomly assigned either to a treatment (596 parity-one and 599 parity-two sows) or control group (571 parity-one sows and 597 parity-two sows). Treated sows received 600 IU eCG intramuscularly (IM) at weaning and 5 mg pLH IM at observed estrus. Detection of estrus behaviour was facilitated by twice daily boar exposure for 20 minutes beginning 24 hours after weaning. All sows were inseminated at 12 and 32 hours after the onset of behavioural estrus. Results: On average, the WBI was lower by approximately 1 day among treated parity-one sows, and by 0.3 day among treated parity-two sows. In addition, the overall breeding period was shorter among treated sows, especially among parity-one sows. There was no treatment effect on farrowing rate or litter size. Implications: Administration of exogenous eCG and pLH with subsequent timed double insemination may shorten the WBI in weaned parity-one and parity-two sows, allowing for more predictable crate utilization and a narrower range in gestational age in the farrowing room.
Effect of weaning age on nursery pig and sow reproductive performance
Authors: Smith Alison , Stalder Kenneth , Serenius Timo , Baas Tom , Mabry John
Published: August 2024

Objectives: To determine the effect of weaning age on nursery-pig and sow reproductive performance. Materials and methods: A total of 2467 crossbred barrows and gilts from 339 litters produced in a commercial multiplication herd were randomly allocated to pens by weaning age. Average weaning-age treatments were 15 days (14, 15, and 16 days) and 20 days (19, 20, and 21 days). To evaluate the effect of weaning age on nursery-pig performance, average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), gain:feed ratio, and feed cost per kg gain were evaluated. Subsequent sow reproductive performance evaluated included wean-to-first-service interval (WSI), wean-to-conception interval, total number of piglets born, and total live-born piglets. Results: Mean 42-day weight was greater (21.8 ± 0.16 versus 18.7 ± 0.11 kg; P < .001), nursery ADG was greater (0.79 ± .01 versus 0.71 ± 0.04 kg per day; P < .01), ADFI was greater (0.64 ± 0.01 versus 0.57 ± 0.01 kg per day; P < .001), and 1.06 % fewer pigs were removed from test (P < .05) in pigs weaned at average 20 days of age than in pigs weaned at average 15 days of age. Sow reproductive traits did not differ between the two weaning-awge treatment groups. Parity was a significant source of variation for WSI and total live-born piglets. Implications: Weaning age between 15 and 20 days may have no effect on sow reproductive traits, but may significantly impact nursery growth rate.
Duration of effectiveness of tulathromycin injectable solution in an Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae respiratory-disease challenge model in swine
Authors: Waag Terri , Bradford James , Lucas Merlyn , Rooney Kathleen , Nutsch Robert , Lechtenberg Kelly , Smothers Clark
Published: August 2024

Objective: To evaluate the duration of effectiveness of a single intramuscular injection of tulathromycin in a swine respiratory-disease challenge model using intranasal inoculation of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 5. Materials and methods: Two hundred and forty female and castrated-male crossbred pigs were randomly assigned to six treatment groups and housed in 20 pens of 12 pigs per pen (two pigs per treatment per pen). On each of Days -11, -9, -7, -5, and -3, two pigs per pen were administered tulathromycin intramuscularly at 2.5 mg per kg body weight. Pigs assigned to the control group received no treatment. On Day 0, all pigs were challenged intranasally with highly virulent A pleuropneumoniae serotype 5. Each pig was assessed for general health and evaluated for abnormal respiration and attitude 9 hours post inoculation and at least daily until trial termination (Day 7). Necropsies were performed on pigs that died or were euthanized and on all surviving pigs on Day 7. Results: With the exception of Day -11, pig removal rates (death and euthanasia) in the tulathromycin groups were significantly less than in the control group (P < .05). Additionally, the weighted percentages of total lung lesions for pigs administered tulathromycin on Days -5 (16.8%) and -3 (10.5%) were significantly less than that of the control group (27.5%; P < .05) Implication: A single intramuscular dose of tulathromycin may provide up to 9 days of protection against death and severe morbidity caused by A pleuropneumoniae in pigs.
Needle-free injection technology in swine: Progress toward vaccine efficacy and pork quality
Authors: Chase Christopher , Daniels Scanlon , Garcia Roberto , Milward Frank , Nation Tiffany
Published: August 2024

Needle-free injection devices (NFIDs) have been available for humans since the 1930s. Their implementation in the swine industry has been slow because of the low cost and ease of use of needle-syringe injection. Recently, there has been a renewed interest in needle-free devices in swine due to two main factors: immunology research, indicating that targeting dendritic cells in the skin and the subcutaneous tissues results in improved immune response with minimal antigen doses, and implementation of pork quality assurance standards to minimize needle-site lesions that are the result of broken needles, bacterial contamination, or both. In this article, we review the peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed literature on the use of NFIDs in swine.
Fertility after intrauterine insemination with conventional or low numbers of spermatozoa in sows with synchronized ovulation
Authors: Pelland Christine , Cassar Glen , Kirkwood Roy , Friendship Robert
Published: August 2024

Objective: To determine sow fertility to a single timed intracervical or intrauterine insemination of conventional or low sperm numbers. Materials and methods: A total of 411 mixed-parity sows were subjected to controlled ovulation by injection of 600 IU equine chorionic gonadotrophin at weaning and 5 mg porcine luteinizing hormone (pLH) 80 hours later. Sows were assigned to a single insemination of 1 or 3 × 109 sperm delivered into either the cervix or uterus. Inseminations were performed approximately 36 hours after pLH injection. Intensity of standing estrus at insemination was subjectively scored as 1 to 3, with 3 being a stronger response, and semen backflow was recorded as yes or no. Results: Number of sperm and site of deposition did not affect pregnancy or farrowing rates or subsequent litter size. Mean farrowing rates were 68.32% and 68.63% in sows inseminated using an intrauterine catheter and either 1 or 3 × 109 sperm, respectively. In sows inseminated using the cervical method, farrowing rates were 77.88% and 67.31% when 1 and 3 × 109 sperm were used, respectively. Greater intensity of estrus at insemination was associated with higher pregnancy and farrowing rates (P < .001), and backflow during insemination was associated with lower pregnancy and farrowing rates (P < .01). Implications: When appropriately timed after induced ovulation, insemination of low sperm numbers does not adversely affect sow fertility, and this lack of effect is independent of the site of sperm deposition.
Система дистанційного навчання майбутніх учителів фізики під час фундаментальної підготовки в педагогічному університеті
Authors: Гриньов Р. С.
Published: August 2024

У статті автор презентує систему дистанційного навчання майбутніх учителів фізики під час фундаментальної підготовки в педагогічному університеті. Розроблено модель системи дистанційного навчання майбутніх учителів фізики під час фундаментальної підготовки в педагогічному університеті, котра складається із теоретичного, технологічного та рефлексійного блоків. Теоретичний блок моделі представлений метою, методологічними підходами (компетентнісний, середовищний, особистісно-орієнтований, ресурсно-орієнтований, інтегративний, комунікативний, проєктний, творчий), дидактичними (науковості, доступності, наочності, природовідповідності, систематичності та послідовності, свідомості й активності навчання, міцності знань, емоційності, зв’язку теорії й практики) принципами та принципами дистанційного навчання (гуманітаризації та гуманізації навчання, індивідуалізації навчання, інтерактивності, мобільності, неперервності, відкритості, гнучкості, свободи вибору), котрі слугують орієнтиром у досягненні цієї мети. До технологічного блоку включено педагогічні умови дистанційного навчання майбутніх учителів фізики під час фундаментальної підготовки в педагогічному університеті, педагогічні технології, які застосовано під час їх упровадження (контекстне навчання, ресурсно-орієнтоване навчання, особистісно-орієнтовані технології, цифрові технології, проєктні технології, віртуальної й доповненої реальності), зміст навчання (освітні компоненти «Загальна фізика», спецкурс «Вивчаємо фізику онлайн: фундаменталізація та інтеграція знань») та інформаційно-цифровий інструментарій дистанційного освітнього процесу. Рефлексійний блок моделі уміщує методики рефлексії, завдяки яким викладачі здійснюють рефлексійний етап дистанційних занять зі студентами. За допомогою методу кваліметричного моделювання підтверджено гіпотезу дослідження на базі Полтавського національного педагогічного університету імені В. Г. Короленка: дистанційне навчання виявилося ефективним, коли було реалізовано педагогічні умови: підвищення кваліфікації викладачів університету за програмою «Практика ефективного дистанційного навчання: бери і роби»; ресурсна орієнтація при виборі форм організації навчання майбутніх учителів фізики під час фундаментальної підготовки в педагогічному університеті на основі сучасних цифрових технологій та сервісів; застосування особистісно-орієнтованого навчання майбутніх учителів фізики під час фундаментальної підготовки в педагогічному університеті.
Development of New Functional Beverage: Longan Kefir Supplemented with Herbs
Authors: Sawangrat Kasirawat , Therdtatha Phatthanapong , Pundee Aumpaka , Seesuriyachan Phisit , Panti Niphawan
Published: August 2024

In recent years, the increasing awareness of diseases has led to the demand for functional foods and beverages that provide additional health benefits beyond basic nutrition. Water kefir is a healthy fermented beverage with unique aroma and flavor profile, obtained by the symbiotic fermentation of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), acetic acid bacteria (AAB), and yeast. In this study, a new functional beverage based on substrates such as longan juice (KL) and longan juice supplemented with herbs: butterfly pea (KLB), rosella (KLR), or safflower (KLS), and fermented at 25°C for 48 h with water kefir grains as starter, was developed. The occurrence of microbial community of LAB, AAB and yeast during fermentation in all treatments were not significantly different (p<0.05) However, each supplement showed its distinct color according to specific characters of the herbs. The addition of the herbs significantly enhanced total phenolic compounds (TPCs) and antioxidant activities as investigated by DPPH and ABTS assay, with the results varying with supplement type. The addition of KLS showed the highest TPC of 212.17 μgGAE/mL, while KLB and KLR displayed lower levels of 198.36 and 201.93 μgGAE/mL, respectively. Levels of DPPH and ABTS in all supplements showed the best condition at 24 h fermentation, but decreased at 48 h, suggesting the sensitivity of some antioxidants. Sensory evaluation revealed that KLS had the highest acceptance, while KLR was the least accepted by consumers. This study pointed out that longan kefir supplemented with herbal ingredients has the potential to be a novel functional beverage.
Genome Insights into the Plant Growth Promoting Features of a Newly Found Microbispora sp. SCL1-1
Authors: Dejtisakdi Wipawee , Duangupama Thitikorn , Thawai Chitti
Published: August 2024

Plant growth-promoting (PGP) actinobacteria can be used to promote plant growth. Their use is a promising strategy that can be employed instead of agricultural chemical fertilizers. An actinobacterium strain, designated SCL1-1, was collected and isolated from a soil sample in a herbal garden at Pathum Thani province, Thailand. Analysis revealed that the SCL1-1 strain was a Gram-positive bacterium that formed longitudinal paired spores that were borne directly on aerial mycelia. It contained meso-diaminopimelic acid in its cell wall peptidoglycan. Moreover, madurose, which is a diagnostic sugar, was present in its whole-cell hydrolysates. 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed that the SCL1-1 strain was a member of the Microbispora and showed a close relationship to Microbispora rosea ATCC 12950T (99.6%), followed by Microbispora hainanensis DSM 45428T (99.2%). However, a genome-based polyphasic study revealed that strain SCL1-1 had a low average nucleotide identity (ANI) (<95%), and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) value (<70%) with M. rosea ATCC 12950T and M. hainanensis DSM 45428T, indicating that strain SCL1-1 was a different species to its close relatives. Genome mining of strain SCL1-1 showed the presence of genes related to the production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and siderophore, which are agents that promote plant growth. In addition, the genome of strain SCL1-1 was found in several secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters, which were possibly encoded for a broad range of remarkable natural products and antibiotics.