bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN BUERGER ALLEN EXERCISE MENGURANGI RISIKO GANGGUAN PERFUSI PERIFER PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS SIDOREJO
Authors: Soewito Bambang , Zuraidah S  , Susmini  , Ridawati Indah Dewi , Swampera Triana
Published: February 2025

Diabetes Melitus merupakan penyakit yang memiliki hiperglikemia yang disebabkan menurunnya kemampuan pancreas mesekresi insulin. Kadar gula darah yang tinggi dapat menganggu fungsi trombosit dan menyebabkan pembentukan bekuan darah dan oleh karena itu, pasien diabetes berisiko terkena penyakit arteri perifer. Risiko perfusi perifer tidak  efektif dapat diatasi dengan tindakaan nonfarmakologi yaitu Latihan Buerger Allen Exercise (BAE). Latihan Buerger Allen mudah dilakukakan seperti melakukan kontraksi otot dengan menerapkan perubahan posisi gaya gravitasi dan muscle pump melalui penerapan gerakan kaki pergelangan kaki untuk kelancaran pembuluh darah. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan jenis desain kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada subjek I tanggal 17- 21 maret dan pada subjek II 23-27 maret Tahun 2024 di  wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sidorejo Kota Lubuklinggau. Kriteria inklusi pada penelitian ini yaiu Pasien yang berusia 40 – 45 tahun yang tidak memiliki luka sedangkan criteria ekslusi pasien DM dengan penyakit penyerta lain seperti asma, fraktur, gastritis yang memiliki gangrene dan luka. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara bservasi dan wawancara dengan menggunakan instrument berupa lembar Ankle Brachial Index, SOP Buerger Allen Exercise. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan hasil setelah dilakukan Buerger Allen Exercise, bahwa kedua pasien menyatakan keluhan kesemutan dan gatal – gatal berkurang, serta kadar glukosa darah menurun. Intervensi Buerger Allen Exercise  terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan perfusi ektrimitas pada pasien diabetes melitus dengan resiko gangguan perfusi perifer. Buerger Allen Exercise  menjadi salah satu teknik alternative yang aman, efektif, dan mudah dilakukan untuk memperbaiki gangguan perfusi pada kaki diabetes.
Varejo Inteligente: como canais cruzados podem mudar a escolha do cliente
Authors: Reginaldo Paulo Henrique Freire Guerra , Castelo José Sarto Freire
Published: February 2025

Este estudo analisa como os consumidores brasileiros se comportam ao fazer compras em lojas de varejo que utilizam canais cruzados (crosschannel), especialmente durante a pandemia. Foram coletadas 214 respostas por meio de redes sociais e WhatsApp, comprovadas com ferramentas estatísticas. A pesquisa revelou que a busca de informações simultâneas e os benefícios simbólicos positivos influenciam significativamente a escolha da loja mais lembrada pelos consumidores. Já fatores como comparação de preços e interação com varejistas não ofereceram a mesma relevância. Entender esses comportamentos é de suma importância para o desenvolvimento de estratégias comerciais no mercado varejista.
Pemasangan Pondasi Telapak untuk Menara Masjid Nurul Taqwa Raulo di Desa Manimbahoi Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Halim Hasmar , Ala Paulus , Kissan  , Kasim
Published: February 2025

Masjid Nurul Taqwa merupakan salah satu masjid di Desa Manimbahoi yang terletak di dusun Raulo berfungsi sebagai pusat peribadatan. Program peningkatan akhlak yang dilaksanakan oleh pemerintahan desa berusaha melakukan terobosan dengan memakmurkan masjid. Untuk menampung jamaah maka beberapa tahun yang lalu dilakukan kegiatan renovasi masjid dengan memperluas dimensi masjid. Akan tetapi dengan keterbatasan dana yang hanya bersumber dari dana masyarakat sehingga kegiatan ini belum rampung hingga tahun ini. Berangkat dari permasalahan ini maka diadakan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yaitu pemasangan pondasi telapak untuk menara Masjid Nurul Taqwa Raulo di Desa Manimbahoi Kabupaten Gowa. Diharapkan hasil dari program ini dapat memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan bagi masyarakat terkait dengan pemasangan pondasi telapak di menara Masjid Nurul Taqwa juga diberikan bimbingan teknik dengan materi yaitu alat dan bahan, metode kerja, pelaksanaan pekerjaan dan penyimpanan/perawatan. pada sehingga diadakan pemasangan pondasi telapak. Dari hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan telah dilakukan pemasangan pondasi telapak sebanyak 4 buah dengan volume keseluruhan sebesar 9,6 m3. Disamping itu, kegiatan ini juga meningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat pada keempat indikator yang sebelumnya berkisar 37,8% meningkat menjadi 68,8%.
Komunikasi dan Edukasi Pencegahan Trauma Bising bagi Nelayan dengan Kapal Motor di Desa Hutumuri, Ambon
Authors: Manery Dodikrisno E , Ukratalo Abdul M , Leimena Handy E P
Published: February 2025

Trauma bising dapat berdampak negatif pada kesehatan fisik dan mental nelayan, sehingga perlu dilakukan langkah-langkah preventif. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesehatan nelayan di Desa Hutumuri, Kota Ambon, melalui strategi komunikasi dan edukasi terkait pencegahan trauma bising akibat penggunaan kapal motor. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 1 juni 2024. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah edukasi penyuluhan dengan pendekatan metode ceramah. Peserta yang hadir sebanyak 23 orang. Kegiatan ini terdiri dari 2 tahapan, yaitu: pembagian leaflet trauma bising dan penyuluhan dan edukasi mengenai pencegahan trauma bising. Kegiatan pengabdian Masyarakat yang telah dilakukan memberikan tambahan pengetahuan kepada nelayan dengan kapal motor di Desa Hutumuri mengenai risiko trauma bising yang diakibatkan oleh lingkungan kerja yang bising.
PROJECT 4A’s (Angat ALIVE for Aspiring Achievements): An Inclusive Educational Strategy and Intervention Program for ALIVE Learners under Madrasah Education Program
Authors: Natividad Noel H.
Published: February 2025

This research titled “PROJECT 4A’s (Angat ALIVE for Aspiring Achievements): An Inclusive Educational Strategy and Intervention Program for ALIVE Learners under Madrasah Education Program” aimed to determine the current status of Arabic Language and Islamic Values Education (ALIVE) Program of Santa Rosa City. It includes some issues and concerns in the implementation of the Arabic Language and Islamic Values Education (ALIVE) Program, the identified good practices and the proposed educational strategy and intervention program developed for policy recommendation and adoption. As to the current status of Arabic Language and Islamic Values Education (ALIVE) Program of Santa Rosa City with respect to programs and projects, operationalization of the Curriculum Support System and Monitoring and Evaluation, all indicators were noted as evident. As to the issues and concerns in the implementation of the Arabic Language and Islamic Values Education (ALIVE) Program under Madrasah Education Program in schools, all indicators were evident to have a descriptive interpretation of agree. Lastly, as to the identified good practices in the implementation of Arabic Language and Islamic Values Education (ALIVE) Program under Madrasah Education Program with respect to program support and program management, all indicators were evident to have a descriptive interpretation of effective.
Últimas tendencias de investigación en investigación de código abierto
Authors: La-Cruz-Orbe Sergio , Ramos-y-Yovera Santiago Ernesto , Luperdi-Ríos Fiorella Victoria , Neri-Ayala Abrahán César
Published: February 2025

Analizamos las últimas tendencias en investigación sobre código abierto desde el 2020 hasta el 2024. Utilizamos técnicas bibliométricas como productividad y colaboración de autores, productividad y colaboración institucional, y coocurrencia de términos. Se empleó Scopus para recopilar la muestra analizada. En cuanto a la productividad por autores, los que más destacan han superado el umbral de nueve artículos en los últimos cinco años. Entre las organizaciones, las más productivas son la University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China), la Carnegie Mellon University (Estados Unidos), la Zhejiang University (China), el Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT, Estados Unidos) y la Stanford University (Estados Unidos). El análisis de palabras asociadas reveló cinco grupos temáticos: software de código abierto e inteligencia artificial, investigación médica y metodologías científicas, revisiones sistemáticas y estudios de impacto en la salud, simulación, física cuántica y sistemas complejos, e investigación médica y demográfica.
Editorial: A crença, uma questão
Authors: Ribeiro Clarissa Paranhos de Araújo , Cavendish Sueli
Published: February 2025

O presente texto apresenta o dossiê “A crença em questão”, oferecendo chaves de leitura para os seis artigos, a tradução e as duas resenhas que o compõem. Do conjunto apresentado destaca-se a crença como fenômeno histórico-teórico que tem como traço constitutivo o jogo entre convenção e abertura semântica.
The Effectiveness of Restorative Justice in Resolving Juvenile Criminal Offenses in Indonesia
Authors: Erdin Erwin , Shofiana Afi , Indar Indra Jaya
Published: February 2025

The increasing number of juveniles encountering the legal system in Indonesia underscores the need for a more effective approach within the juvenile criminal justice system (SPPA). Restorative Justice (RJ) has been adopted as an alternative to the conventional punitive-oriented judicial system. However, the implementation of RJ in Indonesia continues to face several challenges, including a lack of understanding among law enforcement officers, limited rehabilitation facilities, and minimal victim participation in the resolution process. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of RJ in resolving juvenile criminal offenses in Indonesia while identifying the challenges and strategies for improving its implementation. The research employs a normative and empirical legal approach, utilizing case studies of juvenile offenses resolved through RJ. Data is collected through interviews with law enforcement officials, victims, and offenders, as well as an analysis of relevant regulations, such as Law No. 11 of 2012 on the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. Findings reveal that over the past five years, the average success rate of RJ in resolving juvenile cases in Indonesia has reached 60%, with a 45% reduction in recidivism rates compared to the formal judicial system. However, obstacles such as inadequate legal training for law enforcement personnel and limited rehabilitation facilities remain significant challenges in RJ implementation. This study contributes to policy reform discussions on juvenile justice in Indonesia by recommending capacity-building initiatives for legal practitioners and strengthening victim engagement mechanisms in the RJ process. Additionally, it highlights the need for increased investment in rehabilitation infrastructure and further research into the application of RJ in addressing the rising cases of cyber-related offenses among juveniles
A new method for diagnosing effective radiative forcing from aerosol–cloud interactions in climate models
Authors: Duran Brandon M. , Wall Casey J. , Lutsko Nicholas J. , Michibata Takuro , Ma Po-Lun , Qin Yi , Duffy Margaret L. , Medeiros Brian , Debolskiy Matvey
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Aerosol–cloud interactions (ACIs) are a leading source of uncertainty in estimates of the historical effective radiative forcing (ERF). One reason for this uncertainty is the difficulty in estimating the ERF from aerosol–cloud interactions (ERFaci) in climate models, which typically requires multiple calls to the radiation code. Most commonly used methods also cannot disentangle the contributions from different processes to ERFaci. Here, we develop a new, computationally efficient method for estimating the shortwave (SW) ERFaci from liquid clouds using histograms of monthly averaged cloud fraction partitioned by cloud droplet effective radius (re) and liquid water path (LWP). Multiplying the histograms with SW cloud radiative kernels gives the total SW ERFaci from liquid clouds, which can be decomposed into contributions from the Twomey effect, LWP adjustments, and cloud fraction (CF) adjustments. We test the method with data from five CMIP6-era models, using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite instrument simulator to generate the histograms. Our method gives similar total SW ERFaci estimates to other established methods in regions of prevalent liquid cloud and indicates that the Twomey effect, LWP adjustments, and CF adjustments have contributed −0.34 ± 0.23, −0.22 ± 0.13, and −0.09 ± 0.11 W m−2, respectively, to the effective radiative forcing of the climate since 1850 in the ensemble mean (95 % confidence). These results demonstrate that widespread adoption of a MODIS re–LWP joint histogram diagnostic would allow the SW ERFaci and its components to be quickly and accurately diagnosed from climate model outputs, a crucial step for reducing uncertainty in the historical ERF.
On the crustal composition of the Sardinia–Corsica continental block inferred from receiver functions
Authors: Cammarano Fabio , Roisenberg Henrique Berger , Conclave Alessio , Fadel Islam , van der Meijde Mark
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Subduction-related geodynamic processes significantly influence plate tectonics and Earth's evolution, yet their impact on the continental crust remains poorly understood. We investigated the Sardinia–Corsica continental block, situated in the Mediterranean Sea, which has experienced intense subduction-driven geodynamic events. By analyzing P-wave receiver functions from our LiSard (Lithosphere of Sardinia) seismic network and publicly available stations, we aimed to understand crustal structure and composition. We inferred the Moho depth and examined the P-wave to S-wave velocity ratio (VP/VS). We interpret our findings considering petrological data, heat flux measurements, and other geophysical information. We found that the Variscan granitoid batholith has the greatest Moho depths in both Sardinia and Corsica. VP/VS ratios (ranging from 1.65 to 1.70) are consistent with average crustal values of SiO2 between 65 % and 70 %. However, in central Corsica, two stations have exceptionally high VP/VS values (> 1.80), suggesting the possible presence of serpentinite throughout the crust. In Alpine Corsica, a station exhibited similar high VP/VS values but a shallower Moho depth of 21 km. The western part of Sardinia, where Cenozoic volcanism occurred, also showed a shallower Moho depth (20–25 km) and high VP/VS values. The highest VP/VS value (1.91) is recorded in an area where surface-wave dispersion curves from ambient noise identified the lowest average S-wave velocity and where the highest heat flux has been reported. This suggests elevated crustal temperatures, although these values may also reflect the influence of thick Plio-Quaternary sedimentary deposits. Overall, our results indicate that recent geodynamic processes have left the granitoid batholith almost intact, with minimal alteration to its composition.
WATER RESOURCES OF THE KUBAN RIVER BASIN AND THEIR CHANGE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC AND ANTHROPOGENIC FACTORS
Authors:   State Hydrological Institute, GEORGIEVSKII V.YU. , GREK E.A. ,   State Hydrological Institute, GREK E.N. ,   State Hydrological Institute, KUZNETSOVA O.M. ,   State Hydrological Institute
Published: February 2025

The results of evaluating the statistical characteristics of the annual runoff of the Kuban River and its main tributaries, which was retrieved taking into account the influence of economic activity, are presented. The evaluation is based on the data for 1926-2021. Natural water resources of the river, including the “trans-Kuban” rivers, amounted to 14.8 km3/year. The features of long-term fluctuations in annual runoff of the rivers, taking into account their genesis, are considered. It has been found that under conditions of the warming progressing in recent decades in the Kuban River basin, a phase of increased water content is observed on the rivers, the bulk of whose runoff is formed during the spring-summer flood. The synphase pattern of long-term changes in annual runoff of the rivers and annual total precipitation in their basins has been revealed. The results of estimating the changes in annual runoff of the Kuban River under the influence of anthropogenic factors are presented. It is shown that the greatest impact on water resources is caused by irrevocable withdrawals of water outside the basin through the Great Stavropol and Nevinnomyssk canals.
Publicidad, arte y el modelo actancial de Greimas. Estudio de caso: anuncio comercial Masterpiece de Coca Cola®
Authors: Santibánez Alquicira Rosa Emilia , Vidaurre Arenas Carmen Vitaliana
Published: February 2025

studiarlo a la luz de algunas propuestas de Algirdas Julien Greimas sobre el modelo actancial, aunque recuperamos otras aportaciones aplicables al análisis de la publicidad y el intertexto. Se ha buscado comprender el contenido del mensaje comercial, Masterpiece de Coca Cola®, e identificar las principales estrategias utilizadas en él, ya que, por medio de la creatividad y la estructuración del mensaje, el comercial se convierte en un cortometraje narrativo que confiere al producto roles actanciales fundamentales, y que será auxiliado por los protagonistasactantes de diversas obras artísticas, hasta cumplir con su objetivo final.
A Systematic Literature Review on the Role of Risk Perception and Risk Prevention in the Phases of Risk Communication: Insights from the COVID-19 Pandemic in Southeast Asia
Authors: Dong Yifei , Siti Ezaleila Mustafa  , Fadli Bin Abdullah  , Yuge Hu
Published: February 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic revealed gaps in risk communication, particularly in Southeast Asia. Preventive prevention is based on evaluating risk, which determines compliance with the protective measures. As part of the lessons learned from communicating risks in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study also looks at how risk communication influenced the population’s actions in Malaysia, Vietnam, Singapore and other Southeast Asian countries. The study aims to explore the role of risk perception in influencing public behavior, assess the effectiveness of communicated prevention strategies, and evaluate the interconnection between risk perception and prevention in enhancing public compliance. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was performed under the guidelines of PRISMA. All the articles published after 2019 and those that appeared in the peer-reviewed journals were analyzed using thematic analysis. Information was collected from the research, and the target was COVID-19 risk perception and prevention of transmission in Southeast countries. Studies demonstrate that risky communication enhances compliance with protective measures. Compliance was controlled by sociocultural and economic factors, and early, severe interventions helped to lower the incidences. However, inadequate information and unequal and conflicting policies acted as barriers. This paper highlights the importance of cultural sensitivity when devising risk communication structures to improve compliance and prevent future pandemics. This paper presents theoretical lessons for policymakers drawn in multicultural environments such as the Southeast region.
PENSION, LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE FORMATION OF A SOCIAL STATE
Authors:   Armenian State University of Economics, GALSTYAN HAMAZASP , TATOSYAN KRISTINE , BADADYAN GAGIK
Published: February 2025

Relevance of the research topic: The asymmetry of territorial development
is a phenomenon characterizing the modern world which implies that there are
disparities in territorial development between continents, regions, countries, and
territorial units included in a single country. These disparities lead to the
deterioration of the socio-economic situation in the country.
The problem is more acute when the disparities in question are continuously
expanding which means that the differences between the development levels of
territorial units are increasing. Such a situation can lead to social polarization and
even in some cases social conflicts, with all its negative consequences.
RESEARCH ON THE TOBACCO INDUSTRY IN RA
Authors:   Armenian State University of Economics, SARGSYAN Hayk , BAZINYAN Yevgenya , MIKAYELYAN Karine , KARAPETYAN Hovhannes , KHCHEYAN Mariana , ISRAYELYAN Anahit , KARAKHANYAN Ofelya
Published: February 2025

Tobacco products fall into the category of daily consumption goods, and the
tobacco product market remains one of the largest commodity sectors,
encompassing markets for various individual products. Over the recent years, both
structural and legislative changes have been observed in the tobacco industry. As a
major commodity sector, the tobacco market attracts interest not only from
industry stakeholders but also from the healthcare sector, policymakers, and other
concerned parties. Developments in this market also influence related sectors,
further highlighting its importance.
Generalized ρ-dependent polynomials of topological indices of the identity graph for the ring Zρ
Authors: Anjum Rukhshanda , Mirza Muhammad Umar , Niaz Naila
Published: February 2025

In this article, we present the generalized ρ dependent polynomials for the calculations of eccentricity, distance, total distance, and degree-based topological indices of the identity graph of Zρ. This is a thorough work in which we present many topological indices and coindices as ρ dependent polynomials. The polynomials presented here can play a key role in the further development of the theory of topological indies for commutative rings. This paper presents a brand new approach to generalizing the topological indices because instead of the traditional way. A set-theoretic method is introduced here that can be very helpful and game-changing in the field of algebraic graph theory first of all sets of vertices for the identity graph of the commutative ring Zρ are partitioned into various sets, which makes it easier to generalize the degrees, distances, and eccentricities of this graph. This paper presents various results that make it easier to generalize the topologicalindices of the identity graph of Zρ.
Percepción de Soledad y Autoestima como Predictores de la Salud Mental en Adultos: Un Estudio en un País Sudamericano
Authors: Chango Velva Lourdes Maribel , Moreta-Herrera Rodrigo , Játiva Rocío , Torales Julio
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The presence of mental health problems among adults in Ecuador underscores the need to identify potential predictors of their occurrence. This study aimed to examine the impact of loneliness perception and self-esteem as potential predictors of mental health problems in a sample of Ecuadorian adults. Methods: A descriptive, correlational, predictive, and cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 1,293 Ecuadorian adults aged 18 to 63 years, of whom 42.3% were men and 57.7% were women. Results: Loneliness and self-esteem levels were found to be moderate, while the prevalence of mental health problems was low. Loneliness showed a positive moderate correlation with somatization, whereas self-esteem displayed a slight negative correlation with depression. Both loneliness and self-esteem emerged as significant predictors of these conditions. Conclusions: Loneliness and self-esteem influence the development and progression of specific mental health problems, such as somatization and depression, highlighting their relevance in interventions aimed at promoting mental health.
Systematic Literature Review Metode Ilmiah
Authors: Isurmin Isurmin
Published: February 2025

This study examines various learning methods and scientific approaches in education, and their impact on improving student and college student competencies. The various studies discussed in this article include variations in the use of learning media, the application of experimental methods, and the application of scientific methods in higher education. The results of the study indicate that the selection of appropriate methods and media plays a major role in increasing student interest and understanding, as well as helping them improve scientific writing skills and scientific attitudes. In addition, the application of systematic and structured methods such as in quantitative and qualitative approaches has a positive impact on the quality of learning and scientific research. This study is expected to provide insight into the importance of innovation in education, both through learning technology and scientific approaches based on valid and reliable research.
Artificial Neural Network Approach to Multi-Response Prediction of Transesterification
Authors: Rohit Khatri
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the impact of transesterification parameters on biodiesel yield and kinematic viscosity, using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm to predict these outcomes. Predictions are validated against experimental results using established metrics like RMSE, MAPE, and R2. The experiments follow a Design of Experiment (DOE) approach, enabling accurate yield and viscosity measurements for each biodiesel sample. Results show that the ANN model strongly aligns with experimental results, showing lower RMSE and MAPE and higher R², outperforming RSM. Consequently, the ANN model is recommended for reliable biodiesel yield and viscosity prediction.
Oil Dependency and Fiscal Policy in Iraq: Insights from a Time-Varying Parameter Model
Authors: Osam Aref Hamzeh
Published: February 2025

This research examines the relationship between oil revenue growth and government expenditure growth in Iraq from January 2010 to December 2023 using the Bayesian Time-Varying Parameter Vector Autoregression (TVP-VAR) method. The findings reveal a significant positive correlation between oil revenues and government spending, with government expenditures responding to increases in oil revenues with a time lag. However, the influence of oil revenues on government spending diminishes over successive periods, suggesting a potential stabilization or shift in fiscal priorities. Given the volatile nature of oil markets and the associated economic risks, the study underscores the necessity for Iraq to diversify its revenue sources. Key policy recommendations include reforming fiscal policies, investing in human capital, enhancing governance, and promoting sustainable practices to build a more resilient economic structure less reliant on oil revenues.
Evaluating Deep Learning Approaches for Accurate Soil Moisture Prediction
Authors: Hem Chandra Joshi
Published: February 2025

Accurate humidity forecasts play an important role in agriculture. water resources management and environmental monitoring Traditional estimation methods such as ground sensors and remote sensing They are often limited by spatial and temporal resolution limitations. The emergence of deep learning techniques offers promising solutions to these challenges. By taking advantage of a variety of information sources. and extract meaningful patterns for immediate predictions. This study evaluates the performance of several deep learning models. These include convolutional neural networks (CNN), long-term memory networks (LSTM), Conv-LSTM architectures, and autopilot-based methods. With one level, two levels of accuracy. The research combines data sets from many sources. Combining remote sensing images In situ sensor data and meteorological parameters to create a consistent structure Data preprocessing involves preserving missing values. normalization and resource selection to guarantee model robustness. Each model is optimized by adjusting hyperparameters and evaluated using key performance measures such as Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The results show that the Transformer model outperforms other approaches, achieving lower RMSE and MAE while maintaining interpretability and computational efficiency. The study also highlights the role of spatio-temporal feature extraction in improving forecast accuracy. and emphasizes the importance of real-time anomaly detection and forecasting resources. Comparative analysis reveals the strengths and limitations of each model. It provides insights into suitability for different applications. This research emphasizes or the potential for deep learning. Future work will include additional data sources, such as single types and topographies. and explore centralized learning for graded use. These findings contribute to the development of state-of-the-art methods. It bridges the gap between innovation in research and practical applications in environmental sustainability.
Advancing Cancer Treatment Protocols through the Application of Machine Learning and Operational Research
Authors: Dharmendra Kumar Dubey
Published: February 2025

In order to optimise cancer treatment regimens, this research article investigates the merging of Machine Learning (ML) and Operational Research (OR) methodologies. Conventional cancer treatments like radiation and chemotherapy often have major side effects and inconsistent patient results because of their imprecise nature. Predictive models may foretell treatment responses by analysing big datasets with the use of machine learning (ML). This enables more customised and adaptable cancer therapy. In addition, OR methods like as stochastic modelling and linear programming may optimise medication doses, treatment plans, and resource distribution, enhancing the general efficacy and efficiency of healthcare service. The study looks at how OR's optimisation frameworks and ML's predictive powers may work together to create customised, data-driven treatment regimens that improve patient outcomes, reduce side effects, and make the most use of available resources. The results indicate that there is great potential to advance cancer treatment and enhance patient survival and quality of life by incorporating these strategies into clinical practice.
Teaching and Learning Hausa Language Through Proverbs
Authors: Abdulkadir Abubakar Zailani
Published: February 2025

In Hausa pedagogy, various genres of literature e.g. proverbs are exploited methodologically in order to make teaching and learning more realistic, interesting, and effective. Thus, the importance of teaching and learning Hausa language through proverbs cannot be overemphasized. Against this background, this article examines Hausa Proverbs as used in the teaching and learning space, highlighting the pragmatic significance thereof for effective pedagogy as perceived by a select group of students. Some of the Hausa proverbs examined are drawn from thematic fields of Hausa worldview like peace (zaman lafiya, knowledge (ilimi), honesty/truth/objectivity (himma + kwazo), caution (taka-tsantsan), resoluteness (himma), goodness/virtuosity (nagarta + kirki), etc. The paper adopts the quantitative descriptive research design, and involves a sample of fifty-two (52) students of the B.A. (Education) Hausa programme of Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria. An eight-item structured questionnaire was adopted as instrument to generate the required primary data of the research. Accordingly, respondents’ perception regarding the pedagogic significance of the proverbs is analyzed using the simple descriptive statistics, highlighting the distributions by frequencies and percentages. Results show that majority of the focused students agree that proverbs are veritable tools for facilitating the effective teaching and learning of Hausa language.
Analysis of Ransomware Attack Detection Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: B. M. Bandgar
Published: February 2025

Ransomware is one of the most prevalent and damaging forms of cyberattacks, causing substantial losses to organizations worldwide. The increasing sophistication of ransomware demands advanced detection techniques to identify and mitigate potential threats. This research explores machine learning models, including Random Forest, Gradient Boosting Machines (GBM), and Logistic Regression, to enhance ransomware attack detection. The study analyzes their performance using metrics such as precision, recall, and cross-validation accuracy. This paper aims to demonstrate the efficacy of machine learning in ransomware detection and provide a comparative analysis of these algorithms, identifying potential areas for future improvements. This document includes an overview of ransomware, a timeline of assaults, and details on their background. It also provides comprehensive research on existing methods for identifying, avoiding, minimizing, and recovering from ransomware attacks. In conclusion, this research highlights unanswered concerns and potential research challenges in ransomware detection.
Improving Algorithm Performance: Managing the Full Machine Learning Model Lifecycle
Authors: Sai Ganesh Reddy Bojja
Published: February 2025

Machine learning (ML) has transformed science and industry by uncovering concealed patterns and generating data-driven forecasts. The success of an ML model necessitates intricate design and ongoing administration throughout its lifecycle. The model operates with interrelated stages of life. This study systematically examines the lifecycle management of machine learning models from inception to deployment and operationalization.
Dual Band Metamaterial Absorber for L and S Band Applications
Authors: Jigar M. Patel
Published: February 2025

Introduction: This paper introduces a novel metamaterial absorber designed for, L-band, and S-band applications. Methods: The unit cell features a modified square-shaped double slit resonator printed on a dielectric substrate and supported by a copper layer. The absorber is extremely thin, with a total thickness of just 1.6 mm. It utilizes an FR4 epoxy dielectric substrate (εr = 4.4, tanδ = 0.02) with a thickness of 1.6 mm. Results: The absorption characteristics of the device are analyzed using Ansys HFSS, showing absorption peaks at 3 GHz, and 6.9 GHz for the S and C bands, respectively. The average absorption exceeds 90%, and the MMA structure's symmetric design ensures it remains effective across a broad range of incident angles. Design is manufactured and tested for different thickness and absorber dimensions. Comparative Analysis of simulated and manufactured design is presented in the result part. Conclusions: This makes it well-suited for applications such as aircraft surveillance, satellite navigation and radars.
Strengthening Employee Value Proposition (EVP): The Vital Impact of Effective Internal Communication
Authors: Rijuta Joshi
Published: February 2025

In today’s competitive business environment, appealing as well as retaining talented individuals is about more than offering the best salary and perks to the pack. Employee engagement, employee satisfaction, long term commitment are all fostered by a strong Employee Value Proposition (EVP). This study investigates with the aim of effective internal communication strengthens the employee value proposition of an organization. This can be achieved by having transparency, overlap of the organizational goals and a good two way communication in organizations that can create a culture of work that helps to improve employee experience and strengthens organization identity. A mixed-method research was applied which combined surveys and discussions with staffs from diverse companies in order to find the impact of internal communication strategies of EVP on employees' perception. According to findings, effective communication that is clear, consistent and interesting helps enhance employee morale, productivity and retention. Furthermore, companies with a structured internal communication framework are more likely to build up a great EVP that connects with the employees at present and those who are not. It concludes with strategic recommendations to organizations for how they can improve their internal communication practices, to, in turn, strengthen EVP and to have a competitive strength in talent management.
Exploring Global Tourism Trends Through Mathematical Modeling: Service Quality and Revisit Intentions
Authors: Rinkey Singh Jadon
Published: February 2025

The global tourism industry is a dynamic and ever-evolving sector influenced by economic, cultural, and technological factors. This study explores global tourism trends by leveraging mathematical modeling to evaluate the relationship between service quality and revisit intentions. Using a combination of predictive analytics, regression models, and structural equation modeling (SEM), the research examines how critical factors such as customer satisfaction, cultural immersion, and technological advancements in hospitality influence tourists' decisions to revisit destinations. Data collected from international tourists across major global destinations provide insights into the role of service quality dimensions, including reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy, in shaping customer experiences. The findings highlight that high service quality significantly enhances customer satisfaction and fosters strong revisit intentions, moderated by demographic and psychographic variables. Moreover, the study identifies regional variations in tourist preferences, driven by cultural and technological differences. This research contributes to the understanding of tourism dynamics and provides actionable insights for stakeholders in the tourism and hospitality sectors to improve service delivery and enhance customer loyalty. By integrating mathematical modeling into tourism research, the study offers a robust framework for forecasting trends, optimizing resources, and supporting sustainable tourism practices globally.
Enhancing Remote Sensing Image Classification and Interpretability: A Multi-Stage Feature Extraction Approach and Grad-CAM
Authors: S. Jayanthi
Published: February 2025

Relevant and current land use data remain critical for effective spatial layout, environmental stewardship, and bestow resources. This study assesses the classification accuracy of machine learning classifiers developed for land use/ classification (LUC) and how effective are they when combined with feature engineering and augmentation strategies on a benchmark dataset. The processing pipeline uses a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model called ResNet-50 for image feature extraction, which captures spatial patterns and also performs well in classification tasks. Model performance is enhanced by using a combination of the pre-trained ResNet-50 as an input for self-compiled image classifiers and applying Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for dimensionality reduction. Advanced-Data augmentation(ADA) techniques further improve the generalization of the models. Of all tested classifiers (Logistic Regression, Random Forest, SVM, Gradient Boosting and XGBoost), SVM outperformed the rest with AUC-ROC at 0.993 and MCC at 0.843. In addition, Grad-CAM (Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping) visualizations applied to enable an understanding of the decision processes of the model, thus increasing its interpretability. This work demonstrates the combining of deep feature extraction with classical machine learning and makes land use classification scalable and robust.
Understanding the embodied carbon credentials of modern methods of construction
Authors: O’Hegarty Richard , McCarthy Aislinn , O’Hagan Jack , Thanapornpakornsin Thanat , Raffoul Samar , Kinnane Oliver
Published: February 2025

This study assesses the embodied carbon credentials of modern methods of construction (MMC) by conducting a critical literature review and synthesis of the findings. While several studies have reviewed the broader impacts of MMC, no other study to date has comprehensively reviewed the embodied carbon credentials of this construction typology. Since MMC is not an internationally recognised term, the assessment is inclusive of other terminology used in different parts of the world – e.g. prefabrication, off-site construction and industrialised construction. The study captures 250 separate studies and distils these to a final sample set of 41 studies and a total of 82 case study comparisons. Although a general perception exists that the adoption of MMC results in embodied carbon savings, the evidence to support this claim is not robust. The results from individual case studies range significantly in both direction and magnitude, and, in the absence of a critical review, considerably different conclusions can be drawn. Upon critique and synthesis of the published studies, it is found that the adoption of MMC has no significant positive, or negative, impact on the embodied carbon of a building.
Policy relevance
MMC have been widely cited as the answer to housing shortages and productivity issues in the construction industry more broadly. They have subsequently attracted political attention and implementation in many regions. Embodied carbon is another topic of continued debate in built environment policy. There is a somewhat hopeful assumption that the adoption of MMC will reduce embodied carbon. But, to date, the evidence to arrive at that assumption has been inconsistent. The literature that compares MMC with traditional construction varies considerably. It is found that there is no broad link between MMC and reduced embodied carbon. Reducing the embodied carbon of buildings requires assessment on a case-by-case basis.
Effectiveness of an educational program on paramedics’ knowledge about first aids of road traffic accidents
Authors: Radi Hanan Hassan , Ahmed Sabah Abbas
Published: February 2025

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of paramedics’ knowledge toward first aids of road traffic accidents and to determine the effectiveness of an educational program on paramedics’ knowledge about first aids.

Methods: A quantitative approach using a pre-experimental design was carried out to determine the effectiveness of an educational program on paramedics’ knowledge about first aids. Purposive sampling, which is a non-probability sampling technique, was selected to obtain reliable and representative data from a total of 50 paramedics working at the Immediate Ambulance Division of Medical Operations Department in Al-Diwaniyah city, Iraq. Study instruments consisted of two parts. The first part included the demographic sheet that contained sociodemographic information about the paramedics and included five items. The second part included paramedics’ knowledge about first aids of road traffic accidents according to an Australian version protocol and included three domains that consisted of 26 items. Descriptive and inferential data analyses were used to analyze the study data.

Results: The paramedics’ knowledge about first aids of road traffic accidents was fair in the pre-assessment and good in the post-assessment.

Conclusion: The paramedics’ knowledge about first aids of road traffic accidents was improved after implementation of the educational program in the post-assessment.

Recommendations: This study recommends regularly updating information for paramedics through educational programs that contain updated information and follow global protocols approved by the WHO and the Iraqi Health Organization.
Wage returns to education in the four largest European economies
Authors: Anghel Brindusa , Lacuesta Aitor
Published: February 2025

Rationale

This article estimates the wage returns to different education levels in Germany, France, Italy and Spain by calculating the internal rates of return of tertiary education and upper secondary education and comparing them with lower secondary education.

Takeaways

•Employment income increases with education level. In the period 2010-2021 Germany was the country with the largest wage differential between individuals with a tertiary education and those with a lower secondary education, followed by France, Spain and Italy.

•In these four countries the returns to tertiary education were over 10% higher than the returns to lower secondary education. Germany and France have the highest returns (around 20%), while Italy and Spain have lower returns (11% and 12%, respectively).

•Regardless of field, the returns to long-cycle tertiary education are higher than the returns to higher vocational training. In addition, the returns to long-cycle tertiary education in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics fields are higher than in humanities. In all tertiary education specialisations, Germany stands out with the highest returns, followed by France, Spain and Italy.
Mastering Vocabulary through Comparison of Two Official Translations and AI Translation
Authors: Boyadzhieva Vanya
Published: February 2025

The research focuses on the study of vulgarism as part of vocabulary. The stress is put on the role of these words in literature, being an expressive language with certain attitude and specifics. The research compares the use of vulgarism in the original text of J. D. Salinger’s novel “The Catcher in the Rye” and its two official translations into Bulgarian, as well as a translation, made by an artificial intelligence (Chat GPT). The task observes the choices of words made by the translators and the stylistic role of vulgarism in literature texts.
Main, Transpositional and Modal Use of Present Tense in Bulgarian and Its Relations in English and Spanish
Authors: Dzhumayov Georgi
Published: February 2025

The current research aims to present different cases of use within the general meaning of the Bulgarian present tense and its corresponding relations in English and Spanish. The article gives examples of transpositional and modal use of the present tense category in the three languages studied – Bulgarian, English and Spanish. Systematized rules for interlingual transfer of semantic information in the use of the Bulgarian present tense and its relations in English and Spanish are derived.
Problem-based Learning as an Opportunity to Develop Students‘ Critical Thinking
Authors: Vasileva Despina
Published: February 2025

The article presents the features of problem-oriented learning and the possibility to develop students‘ critical thinking through it. A model for methodological planning based on problem-oriented learning is presented. Problem solving is preceded by an introduction to the problem situation, which is overcome through the recognition of the problem situation. A key stage is the division into sub-problems. Features of nomothetic and idiographic assessment practices are traced. Problem-oriented learning focuses on consistently developing problemsolving skills. Standardized assessment options are inapplicable because the identification of one solution as more adequate than another is subject to subjective evaluation. Difficulties in assessing individual activities in problem-based learning result from the need to track the student‘s own development in terms of: problem conceptualization, solution presentation, outcome achievement, argumentative text production, hypothetical presentation of results, etc. Assessment of activities in problem-based learning is idiographic..
Activities to Stimulate the Creative Skills of Students (Training in the Bulgarian Language at the High School Stage)
Authors: Todorova Nevyana
Published: February 2025

Thinking is always the beginning of any writing project and is expressed in researching the topic at hand, letting the mind move freely between the ideas that are generated. Children often avoid thinking because they mostly rely on their memory. The report focuses on activities that stimulate junior high school students to think and therefore develop their creative abilities. Through reading, free writing, brainstorming, grouping, questioning and discussion, the aim is to present students‘ different thinking, their activity, ease and creativity. The results of scientific research show that the creative process (written or oral) requires preliminary preparation, a set of ideas, inspiration.