bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhomogeneity of Macroseismic Intensities in Italy and Consequences for Macroseismic Magnitude Estimation
Authors: Vannucci Gianfranco , Lolli Barbara , Gasperini Paolo
Published: March 2021

We show that macroseismic intensities assessed in Italy in the last decade are not homogeneous with those of the previous periods. This is partly related to the recent adoption of the European Macroseismic Scale (EMS) in place of the Mercalli–Cancani–Sieberg (MCS) scale used up to about one decade ago. The underestimation of EMS with respect to MCS is about a half of a degree on average and, even more significant, if the MCS intensities are estimated according to the approach developed for the quick evaluations of damage by macroseismic seismologists of the Italian Department of Civil Protection. We also show the inhomogeneity over time of the average differences between instrumental and macroseismic magnitudes computed from intensity data, indicating an average overestimation of magnitudes of about 0.3 units for the instrumental ones before year 1960 and of about 0.2 units for the macroseismic ones after such date. This is consistent with previous studies that hypothesized the incorrect calibration of mechanical recording seismometers operating in Italy and in the surrounding countries before the introduction of the standard electromagnetic seismometers from the beginning of 1960s. For such reasons, the magnitudes of preinstrumental earthquakes in the Catalogo Parametrico dei Terremoti Italiani seismic catalog, used for the most recent seismic hazard assessment in Italy, might be overestimated, on average, by about 0.1–0.2 magnitude units.
Integration of Composts with NPK Improved Soil Fertility, Growth and Yield of Sorghum in Sandy Desert Soils of Sudan
Authors: Said Ahmed Abdelraheim Mohamed
Published: March 2021

Sandy desert soil in Sudan are characterised by low content of organic matter, small water holding capacity and low crop productivity. Methods to enhance crop productivity on these environments, such as land application of composts, are of great importance. Field experiments were conducted on a sandy soil to determine the effects of two types of composted manures on growth and yield of two sorghum varieties grown under rainfed conditions. Two sorghum cultivars (Butana and Arfa Gadmak were sown under chicken manure (CM) compost (5 t ha-1), CM compost with NPK (36 kg ha-1), farm manure (FM) compost (20 t ha-1), FM compost with NPK (36 kg ha-1), CM compost with FM compost (1:1, wt/wt, 12.5 t ha-1), CM and FM composts with NPK (36 kg ha-1), only NPK (36 kg ha-1) and control (no composts or NPK). Application of composts increased organic soil carbon by 50% and available phosphorous (P) between 43 to 105%, whereas, pH and bulk density were decreased by 2 and 6%, respectively. Soil moisture contents in compost treated plots were 56–98% higher than control plots. Mixing compost with NPK increased leaf area index over NPK alone by 28% but the highest values were found in plots treated with chicken compost or integrated with NPK compared to NPK application alone. Incorporation of compost increased dry matter yield compared to control by 17–53% and increased grain yield by 1.8 to 3.1 fold in both sorghum varieties. Grain yield from plots treated with NPK, sole chicken compost or combined with NPK were similar for both varieties in both seasons. In general, the trend of grain yield of sorghum was in the order of NPK = chicken compost with NPK = chicken compost = farm manure compost with NPK  mixed compost with NPK = farm manure  control. In conclusion, integrating composts with NPK improved fertility of sandy soils, sorghum growth and yield. © 2020 Friends Science Publishers
Partial Characterization of Bacteriophages from Indonesia and its Potency as Biocontrol of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae
Authors: Rejeki Desi
Published: March 2021

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is a disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) of rice in rice-producing countries including Indonesia and attack rice in all stages of growth. In the advanced, crop production will be decreased by up to 50–70%. Recently, the practical efforts to overcome the problem by using resistant varieties, antibiotics, and sanitation; however, the ability of the pathogen to forms the new virulent pathotypes is noteworthy. Alternatively, the pathogen could be environmental-friendly controlled by utilizing bacteriophages as biological control agents because of their specific characteristics to their bacterial hosts. This research aimed to obtain information about the characteristic of the first isolated bacteriophages from Indonesia. The result showed that two bacteriophages had been isolated from soil in Arjasa Jember and soil in Gadingan Situbondo, namely phage XooX1IDN and phage XooX2IDN, respectively. The two phages were inactivated at 80ºC and stable at pH within the range of 6 to 8. The phage XooX1IDN has a genome size of approximately 39 kb, while phage XooX2IDN had a genome size 38 kb. Morphologically, both phages possessed the family of Myoviridae. Phage biocontrol in vitro assay showed that both phages significantly reduced the growth of BLB pathogen, indicating that both phages potentially, as biological control agents for BLB disease in rice. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
Maize (Zea mays) Intercropping with Legumes Enhances Growth, Dry Matter and its Forage Yield under Deficit Irrigation
Authors: Aslam Muhammad
Published: March 2021

Climate change is one of the serious threats to agriculture and livestock. Climate change induced and reduced water shortage lowers production of food and fodder crops. In order to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation on forage yield of maize (Zea mays L.), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.), and guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) grown as sole or intercropping of maize with cowpea and guar, the fields experiments were conducted during spring 2016 and 2017 in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement. These crops were further exposed to water deficit by skipping irrigation at crop stages following maize growth scale at 15 days (V4), 30 days (V6), 45 days (V9), and 60 days (V12) after sowing along with normal irrigation. Maize intercropped with guar had maximum leaf area, plant height land equivalent ratio and monetary advantage index at normal irrigation but did not differ significantly under deficit irrigation. Thus, maize intercropped with guar was found more productive and beneficial with respect to sole under deficit irrigation. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
Nitrogen Biofertilizer Alleviates the Inhibitory Effect of Cadmium on Physiology and Nitrogen Assimilation in Maize Plants
Authors: Abou-Zeid Hanan Mahmoud
Published: March 2021

The present study investigated the role of inoculation with Nitrobien biofertilizer (N-Bio, Azospirillum and azotobacter spp.) on the response of maize plants to cadmium-toxicity (applied as 2 and 10 mM CdSO4). Cd-stress caused a significant reduction in the fresh and dry biomass of leaves and roots as well as a marked disturbance in the anatomical features of roots and stomatal structure and behavior. Cd-stress significantly depressed the total photosynthetic pigments, photochemical efficiency of PS II, total carbohydrates, and proteins content. Furthermore, increasing Cd level prompted oxidative stress measured in terms of malondialdehyde and H2O2 contents in maize plants. Application of N-Bio improved these attributes in Cd-stressed maize plants. Moreover, NO3- uptake and its assimilating enzymes (nitrate reductase, NR; glutamine synthase, GS; and, glutamate dehydrogenase GDH) were significantly increased in N-Bio-pretreated Cd-stressed plants than Cd- stressed ones and that was associated with a decrease of NH4+ content. N-Bio pretreatment also stimulated the accumulation of amino acids and markedly increased endogenous phytohormone content (IAA, GA3) of Cd-stressed maize plants. These results revealed the potentiating effect of N-Bio pretreatment in regulating Cd-induced damages in maize plants. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
Ectopic Expression of Fiber Related Gbwri1 Complements Seed Phenotype in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Imran Mahnoor
Published: March 2021

WRINKLED1 belongs to AP2/EREB family of transcription factors whose role has been well established in seed oil biosynthesis. The objective of the study was to trace the role of fiber related Gbwri1 in seed development and fatty acid biosynthesis. In this study, we isolated a transcript from elite fiber producing cotton (Gossypium barbadense), which is over-expressed in G. barbadense fibers as compared to G. hirsutum and G. arboreum. The putative protein encoded by this transcript exhibited homology in specific domains and protein structure with WRINKLED1 of Arabidopsis thaliana and was thus designated as Gbwri1. In this study, we investigated the functional homology of fiber elongation related Gbwri1 with fatty acid biosynthesis regulator Atwri1. Ectopic expression of Gbwri1 in wri1-3 mutant of A. thaliana was analyzed. In the transgenic lines of A. thaliana, Gbwri1 resumed the seed weight, seed area, and surface morphology to the wild type. Gbwri1 transformation rescued the wrinkled phenotype of wri1-3 mutants by resuming the expression of fatty acid biosynthesis genes biotin carboxyl carrier protein isoform 2 (bccp2) and keto-ACP synthase 1 (kas1). Moreover, the seedling development of transgenic lines on non-sucrose medium demonstrated that the Gbwri1 was able to regulate the supply of sucrose for normal seedling establishment. Our results showed that the transformation of Gbwri1 in A. thaliana wri1-3 mutant was able to complement wri1-3 impaired phenotype. Thus, Gbwri1 is involved in cotton fiber development and fatty acid biosynthesis in seeds. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
Quality Evaluation of Fritillaria thunbergii by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Fingerprinting Coupled with Multicomponent Quantitative Analysis
Authors: He Ruoxu
Published: March 2021

Medicinal Zhebeimu refers to the dried bulb of the plant Fritillaria thunbergii, which belongs to the family Liliaceae. Their main production sites are in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Anhui Provinces, with alkaloids as the main components. In this study, according to Chinese Pharmacopoeia, different mobile phases were investigated. Because most alkaloids in Fritillaria do not have UV absorption, evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) was used instead of UV to produce the HPLC-ELSD spectra for five F. thunbergii samples and other samples, e.g. F. chuanxiensis, F. anhuiensis, and F. ussuriensis. Comparison showed significant differences exist among these species. There was no significant difference between the F. thunbergii samples produced in Zhejiang, which clustered together in both the cluster analyses. However, the F. thunbergii samples produced in Nantong, Jiangsu and the F. thunbergii samples produced in Zhejiang were separated in the clustering chart, which may be caused by different cultivation environments. The obtained results showed that the combination of quantitative analysis and chromatographic fingerprint analysis can be readily utilized for quality control purposes, offering a comprehensive strategy for quality evaluation of F. thunbergii and related products. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
Sobre Enfermidades da língua (1759) de Manuel José de Paiva
Authors: Verdelho Telmo
Published: March 2021

No contexto das reformas desenvolvidas pelo Marquês de Pombal na segunda metade do século XVIII, a língua portuguesa foi alvo de actuações pedagógicas, nomeadamente com a escolarização da gramática e com o aparecimento de uma incipiente rede de escolas públicas. É nessa época que o livro Enfermidades da língua (1759), de Manuel José de Paiva, dá forma a uma alegoria em que a própria língua portuguesa é apresentada como uma pessoa doente, a qual recebe um tratamento médico facilitado por um profissional que lhe prescreve os remédios adequados durante oito visitas. A obra proporciona uma interessante reflexão sobre a norma linguística, a preludiar caminhos da pesquisa sociolinguística que só surgiriam muito tempo mais tarde.
Recensión: Aspectos Teóricos e Práticos da Traduçom Científico-Técnica (Inglés > Galego), de Carlos Garrido
Authors: Freixeiro Mato Xosé Ramón
Published: March 2021

Recensión: Aspectos Teóricos e Práticos da Traduçom Científico-Técnica (Inglés > Galego), de Carlos Garrido (Associaçom Galega da Língua, 2001).
Algunhas propostas sobre as unidades, relacións e funcións sintácticas
Authors: Rábade Castiñeira Xoán C.
Published: March 2021

Consciente da dificultade dos temas que se tratan neste traballo, tanto pola súa amplitude como polas controversias suscitadas no estudo da sintaxe moderna, pareceume adecuado tocar só algúns aspectos fundamentais que atinxen á problemática da fixación das unidades principais e os seus subtipos, así como á complexidade das relacións e funcións sintácticas que operan nesas unidades. O obxectivo non é, pois, elaborar un minitratado de sintaxe, aínda que considero que non está de máis identificar os tipos de relacións, de unidades e de funcións sintácticas con que imos traballar, como paso previo a calquera precisión.
Recensión: Mário Vilela, Metáforas do Nosso Tempo
Authors: Sánchez Rei Xosé Manuel
Published: March 2021

Recensión: Mário Vilela, Metáforas do Nosso Tempo, 2002, Coimbra, Livraria Almedina.
Review of Eunuchs and Castrati: Disability and Normativity in Early Modern Europe by Katherine Crawford
Authors: Van Dyke Turnip
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Such A Pretty Girl: A Story of Struggle, Empowerment, and Disability Pride by Nadina LaSpina
Authors: Houser Victoria
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of More Than Meets the Eye: What Blindness Brings to Art by Georgina Kleege
Authors: DiLodovico Amanda
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Disability, Literature, and Genre: Representation and Affect in Contemporary Fiction by Ria Cheyne
Authors: Chaloupka Evan
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of A World Without Martha: A Memoir of Sisters, Disability, and Difference by Victoria Freeman
Authors: Whitney Erin
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of War on Autism: On the cultural logic of normative violence by Anne McGuire
Authors: Leeper Rae
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Wondrously Wounded: Theology, Disability, and the Body of Christ by Brian Brock
Authors: Hotez Brooke
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Research Involving Participants with Cognitive Disability and Differences: Ethics, Autonomy, Inclusion, and Innovation edited by M. Ariel Cascio and Eric Racine
Authors: Pang Celeste
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of A Life Beyond Reason: A Father's Memoir by Chris Gabbard
Authors: Seth Naina
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of People Like Me directed by Marrok Sedgwick
Authors: Torres Washieka T.
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Manifestos for the Future of Critical Disability Studies edited by Katie Ellis, Rosemarie Garland-Thomson, Mike Kent, and Rachel Robertson
Authors: Simpson Amber Hester
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Sacrificial Limbs: Masculinity, Disability, and Political Violence in Turkey by Salih C. Açıksöz
Authors: Moynihan Conor
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Research in Special Education: Designs, Methods, and Applications by P. D. Rumrill, B. G. Cook, and N. A. Stevenson
Authors: Threlkeld Aubry
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Care Work: Dreaming Disability Justice by Leah Lakshmi Piepzna-Samarasinha
Authors: McLain Elizabeth
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Disability Visibility: First-Person Stories from the 21st Century edited by Alice Wong
Authors: Swift Brenna
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Care Home Stories: Aging, Disability, and Long-Term Residential Care edited by S. Chivers and U. Kriebernegg
Authors: Yoshizaki-Gibbons Hailee
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Negotiating disability: Disclosure and higher education by S.L. Kerschbaum, L.T. Eisenman, and J.M. Jones
Authors: Bose Dev
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Disability and Knighthood in Malory's Morte Darthur by Tory V. Pearman
Authors: Tyrrell Brenda
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
DEVELOPMENT TRENDS AND SUSTAINABILITY OF THE LIVING VALUES AND LIFE SKILLS PROGRAMS IN VIETNAMESE SCHOOLS
Authors: Tran Thi Le Thu
Published: March 2021

Living values and life skills education has been popularly carried out in Vietnam over the two decades. A large number of in-depth studies on living values and life skills have been conducted and many of the research findings applied. Various living values and\or life skills education programs have been translated and piloted in Vietnamese schools nationwide. This paper reviews the existing approaches, concepts and education programs of living values and life skills in the period of 2000-2020. Previous approaches tend to be mainly separate: living values education or life skills education, very few programs clearly integrate the living values education with life skills education. The review results show that currently the integrated approach to the education of living values and life skills is selected by many educational programs. The article also analyzes the development trends and sustainability of those programs in Vietnam.
APPLYING FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT STRATEGIES IN TEACHING PROBABILITY IN GRADE 10 AT HIGH SCHOOLS
Authors: Nguyen Phuong Chi
Published: March 2021

Educational reforms involving assessment have become an important factor in attempts to improve achievements in schools. Formative assessment is the collection of information about student understanding and progress during the learning process. This information can be used as feedback to help students learn more effectively. This article aims to explain the definition of formative assessment and propose some formative assessment strategies that can be applied in teaching probability in grade 10 at high schools.
Yuvarlanmalı Yataklarda Kirliliğin Yatak Ömrüne Olan Etkilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: FEYZULLAHOĞLU Erol
Published: March 2021

Yüzeyler arasındaki hareketi temin eden elemanların yuvarlanması halinde olan yataklar yuvarlanmalı yataklar (rulmanlar) olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Rulmanlar, birtakım nedenlerden dolayı çoğunlukla beklenilen ömür değerlerinden daha önce hasar görürler. Rulmanlardaki hasarların yaklaşık olarak %15’inin kirlilik nedeni ile olduğu ifade edilmektedir. Rulmanların hareketli yüzeylerinin arasına çalıştıkları ortamlarda giren kum, metal talaşı, metal parçacıklar, metal karbürler vb. yabancı partiküller, rulmanlarda aşınma oluşturmasının dışında hareketli yüzeylerin yorulmasına, kafesler arasında sıkışmalara ve hareketli parçaların yüzeylerinde derin yivlerin oluşmasına da neden olmaktadır. Ayrıca bu yabancı maddeler (sert partiküller) yuvarlanma elemanları, bilezikler ve kafeslerin yüzeyinde çevresel olarak oluklanma ve noktasal olarak yüzey karıncalanması da oluşturmaktadır. Rulmanda oluşan hasarın seviyesi yabancı partiküllerin sertliğine, büyüklüğüne ve miktarına bağlıdır. Bu çalışmada, kirlilik neticesinde yuvarlanmalı yataklarda oluşan hasarlar incelenerek kirliliğin yuvarlanmalı yatakların ömrüne nasıl etkidiğini belirlenmiş ve bu durumlar için yuvarlanmalı yataklarda geliştirilmiş ömür hesabı sunulmuştur.
Numerical approximation with Newton polynomial for the solution of a tumor growth model including fractional differential operators
Authors: İĞRET ARAZ Seda
Published: March 2021

In this study, a mathematical model about tumor growth is handled and this model is modified with new differential and integral operators. Numerical method with Newton polynomial which is introduced by Atangana and Seda is used for numerical solution of this model. Also numerical simulations are presented to show the accuracy and the effectiveness of the method.
Performing Analysis of Current Transformer in Short Circuit and Open Circuit Conditions Using ANSYS@Maxwell
Authors: ÖZÜPAK Yıldırım
Published: March 2021

Calculation of the design parameters of current transformers (CTs) is very complex due to their magnetic and thermal properties, complexity of their structure, different ferromagnetic properties of the materials and the nonlinearity of the B-H curve of the core material. The secondary output of these transformers is used for both measurement and protection circuits. Therefore, AT's accuracy must be very good and precise. In this study, the transformer is modeled as 2D using the Finite Element Method (FEM). ANSYS@Maxwell program, which realizes a solution based on finite element method, has been used in magnetic and thermal analysis of the current transformer. Analyzes of the transformer were carried out in 2D under open and short circuit conditions. From the results obtained from the analysis, the scattered electromagnetic flux distribution occurred in the core of the current transformer, which caused the secondary current of the CT to be erroneous. Therefore, it has been observed that unwanted operating conditions occur in the protection circuits..
Does Low Dose N-Acetylcysteine Administration Enhance Diabetic Wound Healing?
Authors: GÜLEÇ PEKER Emine Gülçeri
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study to establish the effect of systemic N-acetylcysteine (NAC) administration on the oxidative–antioxidative balance, inflammatory markers, and collagen production during wound healing in diabetes. A total of 24 male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, streptozotocin-induced diabetic model, NAC treatment group, and streptozotocin-induced diabetic model with NAC treatment. The dorsal circular wound model was created in model rats and systemic NAC application (IP, 60 mg/kg) was performed for 7 days in rats in the treatment groups. Lipid peroxidation, antioxidative parameters, NOx levels, and amount of collagen in wound tissue were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Inflammatory markers of wound tissue were detected by ELISA. In the wound tissues of untreated diabetic rats, lipid peroxidation and inflammatory markers were significantly increased. Superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, glutathione and NOx levels, and collagen production were significantly reduced. Following systemic NAC administration, antioxidant status and NOx levels were significantly improved and lipid peroxidation and inflammatory marker levels were remarkably reduced. Additionally, in the diabetic model-NAC treatment group, collagen production and wound contraction were significantly increased. Systemic NAC administration accelerates wound healing in diabetes by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation and increasing collagen production. As a consequence, systemic NAC therapy can be effective in ameliorating wound healing in diabetes.
Elastic Scattering with Double Folding Model: 8B+27Al
Authors: SERT Yusuf
Published: March 2021

In the present work, the elastic scattering of the 8B+27Al reaction at two different energies have been examined using the microscopic double folding potential approximation within the framework of the optical model. The real part of the optical model has been obtained by using Fermi, Gaussian and Variational Monte Carlo (VMC) density distributions in the microscopic double folding model and the imaginary part has been taken as Woods-Saxon volume type. The results of our microscopic analysis are quite compatible with the experimental cross-section data. The reaction cross sections, the volume integrals of used potentials and their χ2/N errors have also been computed. This study is important in showing the effect of microscopically derived potentials in explaining the 8B+27Al experimental data published recently.
Age Group and Gender Classification from Facial Images Based on Deep Neural Network Fusion
Authors: KARAKAŞ Eren , ÖZBEK İbrahim Yücel
Published: March 2021

Akıllı uygulamalar hızla gelişmesi sistemlerin yapay zekâya dayalı otomatik çıkarımlar yapmasının önünü açmış ve araştırmanın bu alana doğru kaymasına neden olmuştur. İnsan yüzü bu açıdan önemlidir. Çünkü duygu, ifade, yaş, cinsiyet gibi birçok özellik bundan elde edilebilir. Bu makalede yüz görüntülerinden yaş ve cinsiyet sınıflandırması üzerine birçok araştırmalar yapılmıştır. Evrişimsel sinir ağı tabanlı birçok algoritma çeşitli transfer öğrenme yöntemleri ile eğitilmiş ve sistemin performansının artması için birçok modifikasyonlar yapılmıştır. Özellikle modellerden elde edilen sonuçlar füzyon yapılarak önerilen yöntemin başarısı artırılmıştır. Çalışmada önerilen yöntemin başarısını ölçmek için Adience veri seti kullanılmıştır. Bu veri seti filtrelenmemiş gerçek hayat fotoğraflarından oluşturulmuştur ve bu nedenle düşük görüntü kalitesine sahip görüntüler içermektedir. Elde edilen deneysel sonuçlara göre önerilen yöntemin doğruluk performansı cinsiyet ve yaş sınıflandırması için sırasıyla %92,29 ve %60,26 olarak bulunmuştur
Breast Cancer in Erzincan Region: Retrospective Analysis of Cases Which Diagnosed in Last Five Years
Authors: KESKİN ÇİMEN Ferda , ÇİMEN Orhan , KURNAZ Eray
Published: March 2021

Meme kanseri günümüzde kadınlarda en yaygın görülen kanser türüdür. Hastanemizde Ocak 2016-Aralık 2020 arasında meme kanseri nedeniyle ameliyat edilen 41 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 58,7 (30-84) idi.28 hastaya (% 68,2) modifiye radikal mastektomi yapıldı. Dokuz hastaya (% 21,9) meme koruyucu cerrahi uygulandı. Bu hastalardan beşine, sentinel lenf nodu örneklemesi pozitif olması üzerine, aksiller diseksiyon da eklendi. Sentinel lenf nodu örneklemesi negatif olan ve meme koruyucu cerrahi için uygun özellikte olmayan dört hastaya (% 9,9) basit mastektomi uygulandı. Postoperatif histopatolojik değerlendirme sonrası en sık karşılaşılan sonuç invaziv duktal karsinom idi (% 73,1) Hem dünya genelinde hem de ülkemizde, diğer kanser türlerinde olduğu gibi, meme kanserinde de hızla minimal invaziv cerrahiye eğilim olduğu görülmektedir. Ancak meme koruyucu cerrahinin uygulanabilmesi ve aksiler diseksiyon ihtiyacının ortadan kalkması için hastanın erken evrede tanı alması gerekmektedir. Tanı konulduktan sonra ise hastaya multidisipliner olarak yaklaşılmalıdır. Erken tanı sayesinde tedavi başarısı ve beklenen yaşam süresi artmaktadır. Ayrıca erken tanı cerrahi tedavinin daha minimal invaziv şartlarda uygulanmasını sağlamaktadır.
Anahtar kelimeler: meme kanseri, erken tanı, tedavi, aksiller diseksiyon
Numerical Simulation of Laminar Flow and Heat Transfer of a Non-Newtonian Nanofluid in an Agitated Tank
Authors: Mokhefi Abderrahim , Bouanini Mohamed , Elmir Mohammed
Published: March 2021

The purpose of research presented in this paper is to study the thermal and hydrodynamic effect of the non-isothermal laminar flow of a Al2O3-water nanofluid having shear thinning behavior in a mechanically stirred tank using the finite element method. Numerical simulation has been performed for a non-stationary two-dimensional flow controlled by certain influencing parameters such as the Reynolds number (1 ≤ Re ≤ 200), the behavior index (0.6 ≤ n ≤ 1) and the volume fraction of the alumina nanoparticles (0 ≤ φ ≤ 0.1). The simulation results obtained show that the addition of the Al2O3 nanoparticles in the base fluid leads to a significant enhancement in the heat transfer in the stirred tank compared to the base fluid. On the other hand, we note a slight decrease in the heat transfer with the decrease in the behavior index. It has also been noted, that the agitation power increases relatively with the volume fraction of the Alumina nanoparticles.
Application of Green Building Materials and Multi-objective Energy-Saving Optimization Design
Authors: Liu Zhaoran , Guo An
Published: March 2021

Green building materials have brought fundamental changes to the traditional construction methods, enabling better environmental protection and energy-saving performance of the buildings. However, due to the various material types and the large property differences, until now there isn’t a uniform evaluation index system (EIS) for green building materials, the existing studies on the green-level evaluation of green building materials during production and use are insufficient, and the research on energy-saving design is just getting started. For this reason, this paper attempted to launch a research on the multi-objective energy-saving optimization design of buildings based on the application of green building materials. First, the quantification method for the environmental impact factors of green building materials was elaborated, and the intervals and standards of the quantification evaluation were given; then, a green building material optimization selection model was constructed, and a multi-objective energy-saving optimization algorithm was proposed; at last, experimental results gave the green levels of a few candidate green building materials and the scores of the environmental impact factors, which had verified the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
The Leader’s Role in Building Religious Social Capital: A Religious Regional Community Leader in Poland
Authors: Jedynak Witold
Published: March 2021

This paper analyses the religious and social efforts of Bishop Ignacy Tokarczuk in order to identify his role in the process of generating religious social capital. The research was based on an analysis of available sources and in particular published texts on the Bishop’s pastoral work. It demonstrates that during the difficult times of the communist era, the Bishop of Przemyśl was an unquestioned leader of local communities, who used religious resources to build religious social capital. Bishop Tokarczuk skilfully balanced Catholic bottom-up initiatives and activated local religious communities. His religious and social efforts prepared the ground for building a civil society. The results of Bishop’s social and religious work, which priests and lay Catholics also became involved in were impressive.
A Comparison of Deep Learning and Pharmacokinetic Model Selection Methods in Segmentation of High-Grade Glioma
Authors: NV Dehkordi Azimeh , Sina Sedigheh , Khodadadi Freshteh
Published: March 2021

Purpose: Glioma tumor segmentation is an essential step in clinical decision making. Recently, computer-aided methods have been widely used for rapid and accurate delineation of the tumor regions. Methods based on image feature extraction can be used as fast methods, while segmentation based on the physiology and pharmacokinetic of the tissues is more accurate. This study aims to compare the performance of tumor segmentation based on these two different methods.
Materials and Methods: Nested Model Selection (NMS) based on Extended-Toft’s model was applied to 190 Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) slices acquired from 25 Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) patients in 70 time-points. A model with three pharmacokinetic parameters, Model 3, is usually assigned to tumor voxel based on the time-contrast concentration signal. We utilized Deep-Net as a CNN network, based on Deeplabv3+ and layers of pre-trained resnet18, which has been trained with 17288 T1-Contrast MRI slices with HGG brain tumor to predict the tumor region in our 190 DCE MRI T1 images. The NMS-based physiological tumor segmentation was considered as a reference to compare the results of tumor segmentation by Deep-Net. Dice, Jaccard, and overlay similarity coefficients were used to evaluate the tumor segmentation accuracy and reliability of the Deep tumor segmentation method.
Results: The results showed a relatively high similarity coefficient (Dice coefficient: 0.73±0.15, Jaccard coefficient: 0.66±0.17, and overlay coefficient: 0.71±0.15) between deep learning tumor segmentation and the tumor region identified by the NMS method. The results indicate that the deep learning methods may be used as accurate and robust tumor segmentation.
Conclusion: Deep learning-based segmentation can play a significant role to increase the segmentation accuracy in clinical application, if their training process is completely automatic and independent from human error.
Safety and Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine in Treatment of COVID-19: A Rapid Review of Evidence
Authors: Khatooni Elham , Berenjian Farzan , Abdi Zhaleh
Published: March 2021

Context: The coronavirus (named COVID-19) 2019 pandemic has caused significant morbidity and mortality around the world and has created serious challenges for health systems. To date, no medical treatment is developed for COVID-19 with proven effectiveness. This study is a rapid review aimed to identify and summarize evidence on the efficacy and safety of Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and Chloroquine (CQ) for COVID-19 infection.
Methods: This study is a rapid review that systematically searched electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane Library, until May 22, 2020. Peer-reviewed randomized clinical trials, reviews, and observational studies on the efficacy and safety of HCQ and CQ for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 infection were included.
Results: There were seven review articles, five clinical trial studies, and eight observational studies focusing on CQ or HCQ to treat COVID-19 patients. Of five clinical trials, three reported favorable outcomes among patients who received CQ or HCQ. Of eight observational studies, four reported no difference between the use of HCQ alone or combined administration of HCQ and Azithromycin with other medications. Three studies showed that the combined administration of HCQ and Azithromycin or HCQ alone is associated with improved clinical outcomes.
Conclusions: The included studies reported conflicting results on the efficacy and safety of HCQ and CQ in treating COVID-19. Therefore, it seems that there is not sufficient evidence about the effectiveness and safety of HCQ and CQ to treat patients with COVID-19 and more studies, which also report long-term follow up results, are needed.
THE URGENCY OF CADRE EDUCATION SYSTEM AT DARUNNAJAH CIPINING ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL
Authors: Songgirin Amin
Published: March 2021

The orientation of Darunnajah Cipining Islamic Boarding School cadre program is to give birth to the best/selected human group, becoming a core force or backbone to defend, support and advance the Darunnajah Cipining Islamic Boarding School called Asḥāb al-Najāh. The results of the regeneration process are cadres who have integrity, loyalty, are dedicated, moveable, capable, reliable and militant to realize the ideals of the pesantren and maintain the sustainability of the institution until the Day of Judgment. In the cadre system research at Darunnajah Cipining Islamic Boarding School, using a qualitative approach based on the philosophy of phenomenology, through deep appreciation. The qualitative method tries to understand and interpret the meaning of an event of human behavior interaction in a particular situation according to the researcher’s perspective. This approach is directed at the background and the whole individual and does not isolate individuals or institutions into variables or hypotheses, but sees it as part of a whole. The results of this study are the cadre education system at Darunnajah Cipining Islamic Boarding School, which since its establishment has implemented a 16-year compulsory education for cadres, and forges its cadres through education, both formal and direct life practice activities, through training and assignments. Cadre formation in Darunnajah Cipining Islamic Boarding School as a cycle that continues to spin with gradations with several stages. Cadre education is an investment in knowledge, skills and attitudes towards students
КОММУНИКАТИВНЫЕ СТРАТЕГИИ КОНСТРУИРОВАНИЯ КОНЦЕПТА «ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЕ БЛАГОПОЛУЧИЕ»
Authors: Лукьянова Наталия Александровна , Рвалов Павел Николаевич
Published: March 2021

Актуальность. Установление закономерностей конструирования концепта «политическое благополучие» в плотной сети коммуникаций современной культуры является научной проблемой и позволяет сформировать новое  междисциплинарное предметное поле в современных философско-культурологических исследованиях. Цель: выявить коммуникативные стратегии конструирования концепта «политическое благополучие», обусловленные закономерностями протекания процессов стереотипизации в социокультурных коммуникациях и особенностями познаваемости мира посредством его конструирования. В статье использован ряд методов, позволяющих осуществить философский и социально-психологический анализ сущности и взаимообусловленности концептов «благополучие» и «политика». На основе теории общественного мнения У. Липпмана исследуется роль стереотипов в конструировании концепта «политическое благополучие». Результаты: политическое благополучие рассматривается как переживание совокупности объективных обстоятельств, обусловленных системой властных отношений и институтов власти во взаимосвязи с субъективным состоянием. Конструирование концепта «политическое благополучие» напрямую связано с коммуникативными процессами как способами говорения о мире политики, которые характерны для различных социальных групп и влекут за собой различные социальные действия. В процессе конструирования ключевыми становятся две коммуникативные стратегии: в рамках первой формируется «образ для себя» – понимание политического благополучия как собственного блага, которое складывается из комплекса личных традиционных благ. Вторая коммуникативная стратегия – это «образ для других» (политико-культурные и иные реальности, обычаи, национальные мифы, символы, верования, стереотипы). В основе данной стратегии лежат механизмы формирования общественного мнения, особо подчеркивается значение процессов социальной стереотипизации. Выводы: конструирование концепта «политическое благополучие» осуществляется посредством двух коммуникативных стратегий. Парадоксальность ситуации в том, что концепт «политическое благополучие» в формате «образ для себя» в представлениях граждан строится на стереотипах формата «образ для других».
Generation Mean Analysis for Seed Yield and Wilt Resistance in Castor (Ricinus communis L.)
Authors: Patel D.K. , Patel Ankit , Patel C.J. , Jat A.L.
Published: March 2021

Background: Castor is an important non-edible oil seeds crop of Gujarat state. Yield potentiality of this crop has been considerably improved through several breeding techniques. Now days, a wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ricini) of castor has become a serious problem. The present study therefore, was under taken to use populations of P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 generations in each of six crosses of castor. The six crosses were selected in such a way that two crosses in each group of resistance x resistance, resistance x susceptible and susceptible x susceptible made available for detail study of gene effects for wilt resistance. Methods: The experiment was laid out in a compact family block design with three replications during kharif, 2017. The experimental materials consisted of four pistillate lines viz., VP-1, Geeta, SKP-84 and SKP-106 and six inbred lines viz., VI-9, JI-35, 48-1, SH-72, SKI-215 and PCS-124 selected from the germplasm maintained at the Castor and Mustard Research Station, S.D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar. Each entry was planted in a single row of 10 dibbles maintaining 120 cm row to row and 60 cm plant to plant distances. Result: The analysis of variance revealed significant difference among different generations for wilt incidence and seed yield indicating considerable variability in the material tested. The estimation of the gene effects revealed that additive as well as non-additive gene effects were observed for wilt incidence and seed yield in all the six cross. In the cross, VP - 1 x JI- 35 the wilt incidence estimation of scaling test and gene effect was observed non-significant indicating non-allelic interaction was absent for this character, while for seed yield, all the crosses have significant scaling test indicating the presence of non-allelic interactions for this trait.
Effect of Organic Nutrient Management on Growth and Yield of Cluster Bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.)
Authors: Brahmbhatt J.H. , Acharya S.K. , Patel G.S. , Thakar Chirag , Solanki N.R.
Published: March 2021

Background: Organic production of cluster bean is to contribute to the enhancement of production sustainability along with ecology. Sustainability in organic farming must therefore be seen in a holistic sense, which includes ecological, economic and social aspects. A synergistic effectof bio fertilizer with crop increases the crop productivity and sustainability also. Bio fertilizers are low cost, effective and renewable sources of plant nutrients to supplement chemical fertilizers. Therfore to overcome the ill effect of chemical based farming, organic system is becoming the emerging need of the society. Methods: A field experiment ’’was carried out in Pusa Navbahar variety of clusterbean during summer season (February to May) of 2019 at College farm, College of Horticulture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Jagudan, Dist. Mehsana, Gujarat, India. Sixteen treatments having various combinations of organic sources of nutrients (FYM, vermicompost, and neem cake), bio fertilizers (Rhizobium + PSB + KSM) along with RDF (20/40/0 kg/ha) as a control. They were replicated thrice in a randomized block design having a plot size of 3.0 m × 2.0 m with a spacing of 60 cm × 20 cm. Standard practices were followed during the entire course of the investigation. Result: It showed highly significant differences among different treatments for majority of the growth and yield attributing traits, but treatment T6 (75% N through FYM + Rhizobium + PSB + KSM) was rated as the best treatment for characters like days taken for germination, number of root nodules per plant, plant height at 60 DAS (cm), number of pod per cluster, number of cluster per plant, green pod yield per plant (g), green pod yield per plot (kg) and green pod yield per hectare (kg) as compared to other treatment. It can be concluded that the organic nutrient management in cluster bean with the application of 75% N through FYM + Rhizobium + PSB + KSM is beneficial for obtaining a higher yield.
JAMU TRADISIONAL PENINGKAT IMUNITAS DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Azizuddin Imam
Published: March 2021

Dunia sudah satu tahun ini tengah mengalami musibah pandemi secara serentak dengan wabah virus yang dikenal dengan COVID 19 melanda mayoritas nergara-negara. Pandemi ini bermula sejak akhir bulan November tahun 2019 yang mula-mula berkembang di Negara Cina. Akibat dari proses penularan penyakit ini melalui drop plat perkembangannya sangat cepat dalam waktu singkat sudah menjalar ke berbagai negara. Indonesia juga tidak bisa mengindar dari penyebaran wabah virus tersebut sejak awal tahun 2020.Pemerintah juga menganjurkan kepada masyarakat selalu menjaga kesahatan diri dengan selalui menjaga pola makan yang bergizi serta memberi asupan vitamin untuk menjaga imunitas tubuh tetap terjaga.pembuatan dan pembagian jamu tradisional serta brosur cara pembuatan jamu. Kami membuat jamu dengan bahan jahe merah, kunyit, air, asam jawa dan gula merah. Bahan-bahan tersebut sangat mudah dicari di daerah Kelurahan Dompak sehingga kami menggunakan bahan tersebut untuk membuat jamu. Kunyit mempunyai beberapa manfaat yang sangat baik untuk tubuh. Beberapa manfaatnya yaitu mampu meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh, mengobati radang, mengurangi rasa mual, mengatasi perut yang kembung, mengurangi nyeri saat haid, obat alergi, menangkal bakteri jahat, penawar racun, mengobati maag, menstabilkan kadar gula darah, meredakan peradangan usus, melawan infeksi, membantu menurunkan berat badan merawat hati dan masih banyak manfaat kunyit yang lainnya.
PENANGGULANGAN COVID SEBAGAI SARANA UNTUK MENCIPTAKAN KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DI LINGKUNGAN DESA JOYOSUKO METRO
Authors: Maksum Ikhsan
Published: March 2021

The aim of the KKM is to improve the abilities and insights of students as a means of living in society. This year's implementation for our group located in Joyosuko Metro Village is a village in the Malang District, East Java Province. Joyosuko Metro Village is a sub-district center that offers a natural environment and community harmony. This Student Work Lecture (KKM) this year, invites students to research about 5 aspects offered by the campus to the community, including: 1. Education 2. Health 3. Information Technology 4. Religious and 5. Natural Resources or the potential possessed by the community itself, whether from the agricultural, plantation or livestock economy. The main purpose of this activity is to hone the knowledge and experience of students who have gained in the lecture bench, and this activity can help students to go directly to the community. The research method uses a case study with a descriptive qualitative approach. The data collection techniques carried out by researchers are documentation, observation and interviews with participants to obtain valid data. The results of activities in the form of making a village profile and adding to the contents that are considered capable of lifting the village and looked at by the central government. Creating an Penanggulangan covid-19is another excellent program for Joyosuko Metro Village, the aim is to beautify and make the village hall an environmentally friendly office.
Flash Technique in a Scalable Low-Intensity Group Intervention for COVID-19-Related Stress in Healthcare Providers
Authors: Manfield Philip E. , Engel Lewis , Greenwald Ricky , Bullard David G.
Published: March 2021

The flash technique (FT) is a low-intensity individual or group intervention that appears to rapidly lessen the distress of disturbing and traumatic memories. This paper reports on the safety and effectiveness of group FT with 77 healthcare providers and 98 psychotherapists impacted by working with COVID-19 patients. One-hour webinars included 30 minutes of psychoeducation and two guided 15-minute FT interventions, focused on participants' most distressing pandemic-related memory. Before and after each 15-minute FT intervention, they rated that memory using the 11-point 0-to-10 subjective units of disturbance (SUD) scale. Results from both interventions were highly significant with large effect sizes (p < .001, Hedges' g = 2.01, Hedges' g = 2.39). No adverse reactions were reported. For 35 participants who processed the same memory in both interventions, the pre–post SUD scores from the beginning of intervention #1 to the end of intervention #2 showed a significant reduction with a large effect size (p < .001, Hedges' g = 3.80). For this group, both intervention #1 and intervention #2 showed significant reductions with large effect sizes (p < .001, Hedges' g = 2.00) (p < .001, Hedges' g = 1.18). Follow-up SUD scores were obtained from 58 participants, with the mean disturbance level showing a significant further decrease. These findings provide preliminary evidence that group FT appears to safely provide rapid relief from disturbing memories. FT merits further research.