bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review of the Failure and Damage Forms of Metals under Cyclic Loading
Authors:   Department of mechanical engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Ghorbanhosseini S.
Published: November 2020

The studies related to metals damage under cyclic loading as the dominant form of structural failure is reviewed. The early approaches including stress-based and strain-based as well as the later approaches of energy-based, critical plane-based and damage mechanics-based are briefed on. Recent methods including thermography, finite element, and microstructural are summarized and explained. Different phenomenon occurring under cyclic loading are explained including fatigue crack initiation, crack propagation, fretting, and buckling. This review provides insight on the underlying mechanisms of different fatigue damage types and related proposed models. In addition, it explains the different aspects of each model along with their methodology.
Study of Forced Vital Capacity in Pregnant Women
Authors: Sunyal D K , Amin Md. R , Molla M H , Ahmed A , Begum S , Rahman Md. A
Published: November 2020

In the present study. Forced Vital Capacity (PVC) suit estimated in 100 women in Dingo city. For this purpose a total 100 women subjects with age ranged from 25 years to 35 years withow any recent history of respiratory diseases were selected. 75 normal pregnant women as experimental group and 25 healthy non-pregnant women as control. Eiperintemed group included 25 first trimester. 25 second trimester and 25 third trimester of pregnat women. The FVC was estimated by using a automatic spironteter during the first. second and third trimester of pregnant women and also in non-pregnant control. The mean of the measured values of PVC were analysed statistically. The PVC was significantly lower in third trimester of pregnant women than that of non-pregnant women. Again the FVC was significantly haver he third trimester than that of first trimester of pregnant women. There were no statistically significant difference of PVC bentren the nonpregnant and first trimester: ',email the non-pregnant and second trimester; henveen the first trimester and second trimester: and between the second ',integer and third trimester of pregnant women. h may be concluded dun the causes of progressively decreased FVC throughout the pregnancy were most likely to he mechanical effects of progressively increasing uterus that progressively decrease the hum rolume capacity.
Avifaunal Diversity in Bulosao Watershed Forest Reserve Lawaan, Eastern Samar, Philippines
Authors:   Visayas State University, Philippines, Patindol Teofanes
Published: November 2020

Bulosao Watershed Forest Reserve is regarded as one of the most important areas in terms of biodiversity in the island of Samar and within the greater Mindanao faunal region. Four study sites representing different habitat types, elevation range and degree of human disturbance were surveyed for their faunal composition. Standard faunal survey methods such as transect survey was used during the entire duration of the study. The methods were augmented with observations and ethnobiological interviews. A total of 41 species of birds belonging to 12 orders, 25 families and 35 genera were recorded. Of these, twelve (29%) are endemic to the Philippines and one to the greater Mindanao faunal region. Among avian species, sixteen (40%) are considered threatened or at risk. Major threats birds and other wildlife populations in the reserve include hunting and habitat alteration. Hunting among the local community is not only for subsistence but also for commercial purposes. Major activities leading to habitat destruction include conversion of logged-over areas into cultivation, illegal logging and indiscriminate collection of other forest products.
Modifying Modern Power Systems Quality by Integrating Grid Computing Technology
Authors: Verma Deepshikha , Dahiya Pawan
Published: November 2020

The need for reliable, powerful, and clean power generation in power systems is becoming more importance. This need requires geographically-distributed power systems to be integrated as a single entity where among the main features of this integration are large data base and computing intensive. Hence the current power systems are not able to handle this huge datasets required for that integration, Grid Computing is a gateway to virtual storage media and processing power. This paper describes the research work on why grid computing is needed for power systems, what are the major challenges and problem to implement grid computing into power systems, and how grid computing can be utilized to fulfil the requirement for efficient power generation.
Web Search using Improved Concept Based Query Refinement
Authors: Suresh Ralla , Vemuri Saritha , V Swetha
Published: November 2020

The information extracted from Web pages can be used for effective query expansion. The aspect needed to improve accuracy of web search engines is the inclusion of metadata, not only to analyze Web content, but also to interpret. With the Web of today being unstructured and semantically heterogeneous, keyword-based queries are likely to miss important results. . Using data mining methods, our system derives dependency rules and applies them to concept-based queries. This paper presents a novel approach for query expansion that applies dependence rules mined from a large Web World, combining several existing techniques for data extraction and mining, to integrate the system into COMPACT, our prototype implementation of a concept-based search engine.
Lunar Image Fusion using Wavelet Transform
Authors: K Dr.Vani. , Micheal Anto. A.
Published: November 2020

This paper is an attempt to combine high resolution panchromatic lunar image with low resolution multispectral lunar image to produce a composite image using wavelet approach. There are many sensors that provide us image data about the lunar surface. The spatial resolution and spectral resolution is unique for each sensor, thereby resulting in limitation in extraction of information about the lunar surface. The high resolution panchromatic lunar image has high spatial resolution but low spectral resolution; the low resolution multispectral image has low spatial resolution but high spectral resolution. Extracting features such as craters, crater morphology, rilles and regolith surfaces with a low spatial resolution in multispectral image may not yield satisfactory results. A sensor which has high spatial resolution can provide better information when fused with the high spectral resolution. These fused image results pertain to enhanced crater mapping and mineral mapping in lunar surface. Since fusion using wavelet preserve spectral content needed for mineral mapping, image fusion has been done using wavelet approach.
Processes and the Terms of Identification and Defense
Authors: Ksenofontova Elena
Published: November 2020

The article outlines the semantic field of the problems related to "identity" in order to find a general framework for joint work of narrow specialists studying the social reality that is diverse, yet common to all of us. The main thesis of the paper is that the identification process carried out by the subject in search of self-identification or "I" is not limited to, but is based on the psychological security of the individual. The issue is considered from the point of view of different research disciplines. Pedagogical and Developmental Psychology, as well as Pedagogy deal with the processes of the child’s socialization resulting in his/her mastering the social roles, but also the person’s self-identification as a subject of social relations. The potential capabilities of this subject depend on his/her achievement of self-acceptance based on the feeling of belonging to such a group that offers the values that the person is willing to realize in his/her life. Both psychologists and political scientists indicate considerable difficulties the person comes across on this path.
PEMIMPIN MUDA YANG BERINTEGRITAS MENURUT 1TIMOTIUS 4:12 RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP ALUMNI STT BIBLIKA JAKARTA
Authors: Witoro Johanes
Published: November 2020

Pemimpin muda di era globalisasi, bisa saja terjadi di semua kalangan, dari akademisi, pemerintahan, perusahaan dan lain-lain. namun hal itu juga perlu di sadari bahwa, tantangan juga pasti ada untuk pemimpin muda tantangannya yaitu faktor usia, kemudian tanggung jawabnya, pengetahuan, keterampilanya dan kehidupan rohani, serta hal yang lain yaitu, faktor keteladanan dalam perkataan, tingkah laku, dan kesucian hidup. Pendekatan metode kualitatif terhadap pemimpin muda sebagai Alumni STT Biblika Jakarta dari hasil penelitian, telah di temukan bahwa pemimpin muda memiliki pengetahuan dan pemahaman yang sangat baik tentang keilmuan, sebesar 70% menyatakan kecakapan melakukan kepemimpinan, namun 30% mereka terkesan ragu-ragu dalam melaksanakan dan untuk keteladanan hidup, secara teori sangat paham namun terkesan ragu-ragu dalam menjaga keteladanan hidup. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemimpin muda dibutuhkan keseimbangan antara pengetahuan dan praktek pemimpinnya agar bisa menjadi pemimpin muda yang berintegritas.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KOMPETENSI DAN KEDISIPLINAN GURU PAK DENGAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Hulu Ardianus
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mencari hubungan antara kompetensi dan kedisiplinan guru PAK dengan motivai belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif yakni uji analisis dan uji validitas. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMK Negeri 1 Alasa Nias Utara. daerah asal penulis sendiri, demi meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan agama Kristen, secara khusus di sekolah ini.  Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa  kompetensi guru dan disiplin guru akan menumbuhkan motivasi dari peserta didik. Dengan motivasi positf yang dimiliki oleh peserta didik akan memudahkan pencapaian dalam pendidikan.
“#COVIDSchmovid! #SummerTreats” The usage and functions of schm-reduplications in corona virus related discourse
Authors: Manninen Satu , Wiktorsson Maria
Published: November 2020

The aim of this paper is to investigate the uses of schm-reduplications, also known as deprecative reduplications, in current corona virus related discourse. The investigation shows that schm-reduplications, such as covid schmovid, corona schmorona and pandemic schmandemic, are often used in a spirit-lifting function, to show that, despite all the threats and complications posed by the virus and national lockdowns, we are still able to do things and that we also continue to have a sense of humour in our lives. Another common function of schm-reduplications is criticism of other people’s irresponsible behaviour. The functions identified in previous work on schm-reduplications—associations with aspects of irony, scorn, scepticism, disparagement and dismissal—are seldom present in the corona virus related formations.
Developments in the Informal and Formal Sector
Authors: Mingas Simone , Bastos Nguenha
Published: November 2020

The aims of the study to understand developments in the Informal and Formal Sector. This study discusses about the development of the informal and formal sectors a theoretical review of the informal and formal sectors, the concept of the informal sector the development of the informal and formal sectors. The informal and formal sectors have been running with their respective growth. The informal sector is a buffer against the transformation of unbalanced labor structures. Included as external factors are: First, that the institutions that support modern formal economic activities. Second, the wage level gap. Discrimination in the level of wages, both by informal institutions, the bureaucracy and the environment of formal economic actors themselves also perpetuates the separation of the two sectors. Third, related to technical-political issues, where political actors do not pay attention to and understand the rapid development of modernization.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI SECARA REAL TIME UNTUK ANALISIS OPERATING TIME MESIN
Authors: Priyo ari wibowo  , Albertus Tomi
Published: November 2020

Teknologi industri mengalami kemajuan yang sangat pesat dalam pengolahan bahan, peralatan dan proses yang terintegrasi dengan perangkat komputer, sehingga telah merubah sistem manual menjadi serba otomatis. Saat ini, perkembangan yang pesat dari teknologi sensor, interkoneksi, dan analisis data memunculkan gagasan untuk mengintegrasikan seluruh teknologi tersebut ke dalam berbagai bidang industri, tahapan ini dikenal revolusi industry keempat atau era industri 4.0. Teknologi informasi di era ini sangat berpengaruh dan memudahkan manusia dalam memproduksi, mengolah data dan menyebarkan informasi. Selain dari kecepatannya, kinerja mesin juga lebih terjamin keakuratan serta keberhasilannya dalam beroperasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang sebuah sistem informasi di lini produksi berkaitan dengan informasi operating time dan downtime yang terjadi, sehingga kinerja mesin lebih terkontol secara cepat dan dapat dievaluasi saat itu juga (real time). Kecepatan informasi tersebut akan memudahkan pengambilan keputusan atau perubahan strategi secara cepat. Downtime adalah sumber utama yang menyebabkan kehilangan produktivitas sehingga dengan penanganan downtime yang lebih cepat, perusahaan bisa memperoleh hasil produksi dengan signifikan.
ANALISA STABILITAS SESPAN PADA SEPEDA MOTOR DISABILITAS
Authors: Wahyu Firmansyah  , Yohanes Dewanto  , Indra Chandra Setiawan
Published: November 2020

Alat transportasi adalah kebutuhan yang cukup penting saat ini, dimana manusia memiliki kebutuhan untuk mobilitas yang cukup tinggi. Alat transportasi yang baik harus memenuhi beberapa aspek antara lain kestabilan dan keamanan. Hal ini membuat para penyandang disabilitas atau penyandang cacat kaki untuk menggunakan sepeda motor sebagai alat transportasi pribadi mereka dengan cara memodifikasinya sendiri. Namun pada umumnya para modifikator hanya sekedar menambahkan roda atau biasa disebut dengan sespan, penambahan roda ini umumnya tanpa memikirkan penempatan roda yang tepat. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui penempatan roda (sespan) yang stabil, radius belok serta menentukan kecepatan kritis sepeda motor sespan bagi penyandang disabilitas pada variasi sejajar sampai 60 cm. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa perbandingan penempatan roda sespan (lead) dengan jarak 60 cm dianggap paling stabil dan aman untuk sepeda motor penyandang disabilitas. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan pada saat kecepatan maksimum 40 km/jam kemampuan manuver tertinggi pada posisi roda sespan dengan jarak 60 cm dari roda belakang mencapai 13,33 m/s yang merupakan angka tertinggi dibandingkan posisi roda sespan lainnya.
The effect of genotype and muscle type on the physico-chemical characteristics and taurine, carnosine and L-carnitine concentration in lamb meat
Authors: Radzik-Rant Aurelia , Rant Witold , Sosnowiec Gabriela , Świątek Marcin , Niżnikowski Roman , Szymańska Żaneta
Published: November 2020

Abstract. An experiment was conducted to determine the chosen bioactive components and physico-chemical characteristics of lamb meat of different animal genotypes and the muscle types. The 22 ram lambs of Polish Merino (PM) and 22 crossbreeds of Polish Merino × Berrichone du Cher (PMB) were fattened to achieve their slaughter weight of 40 kg. After slaughter, the carcasses were kept at 4 ∘C for 24 h. Then, the samples of longissimus lumborum (LL) and gluteus medius (GM) muscle were collected to analyse the physico-chemical traits; fatty acid profile; and concentrations of taurine, carnosine, L-carnitine. The GM muscle compared to LL had the higher value (P < 0.05) of L* and a lower value (P < 0.05) of b* and H* both in PM and PMB lambs. The value of expressed juice was lower (P < 0.05) in both LL and GM muscles of PM lambs. A higher amount (P < 0.05) of collagen was found in LL muscle compared to GM both in PM and PMB lambs. The GM muscle of PM lambs showed higher (P < 0.05) conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content, as well as higher total polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs), PUFA n-6, and PUFA n-3 (P < 0.05). The GM muscle was characterized by a higher (P < 0.05) content of taurine, while in the LL muscle there was a higher amount (P < 0.05) of carnosine. A larger amount (P < 0.05) of L-carnitine was found in GM muscle but only within PMB lambs. The obtained results showed a greater impact of the lamb's genotype on the physical characteristics of meat than on its chemical composition and the content of bioactive components. The muscle type had an effect on meat colour; collagen content; fatty acid profile; and amount of taurine, carnosine, and L-carnitine present.
Necessary conditions for algorithmic tuning of weather prediction models using OpenIFS as an example
Authors: Tuppi Lauri , Ollinaho Pirkka , Ekblom Madeleine , Shemyakin Vladimir , Järvinen Heikki
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Algorithmic model tuning is a promising approach to yield the best possible forecast performance of multi-scale multi-phase atmospheric models once the model structure is fixed. The problem is to what degree we can trust algorithmic model tuning. We approach the problem by studying the convergence of this process in a semi-realistic case. Let M(x, θ) denote the time evolution model, where x and θ are the initial state and the default model parameter vectors, respectively. A necessary condition for an algorithmic tuning process to converge is that θ is recovered when the tuning process is initialised with perturbed model parameters θ′ and the default model forecasts are used as pseudo-observations. The aim here is to gauge which conditions are sufficient in a semi-realistic test setting to obtain reliable results and thus build confidence on the tuning in fully realistic cases. A large set of convergence tests is carried in semi-realistic cases by applying two different ensemble-based parameter estimation methods and the atmospheric forecast model of the Integrated Forecasting System (OpenIFS) model. The results are interpreted as general guidance for algorithmic model tuning, which we successfully tested in a more demanding case of simultaneous estimation of eight OpenIFS model parameters.
De viajes con libros y viajes de libros. Algunas reflexiones sobre el contexto salmantino a finales del siglo XIV y comienzos del XV
Authors: Jiménez López Jorge
Published: November 2020

Con cierta frecuencia la historiografía ha recurrido a los viajes de determinados personajes para explicar la presencia de objetos o conceptos aparentemente ajenos a la realidad local. Es el caso del Colegio Mayor de San Bartolomé de la Universidad de Salamanca y de la colección de libros de su fundador, Diego de Anaya, donde su volumen y novedades solo era comprendida por sus desplazamientos fuera de la península. Así, se plantea una revisión de la influencia de estos traslados para la adquisición de libros, frente a la situación del mercado librario en la ciudad. Por otra parte, a partir de la práctica historiográfica que clasifica la producción de manuscritos iluminados en base a las identidades regionales, se abordan una serie de reflexiones en torno a la recepción y percepción de estos matices formales por sus promotores y primeros propietarios.
The 'Royal Journey of Succession to Portugal' of King D. Filipe I of Portugal and the architectonic renovation of the palatine residences: the case of the Royal Palace of Lisbon (Paço da Ribeira)
Authors: Dias Pacheco Milton Pedro
Published: November 2020

Durante el Viaje Real de Sucesión a Portugal, emprendido en Madrid en marzo de 1580 y terminado en Lisboa en febrero de 1583, el rey español Felipe II se convirtió en D. Filipe I de Portugal. Pero esta expedición política, que tendría como resultado la legitimación del nuevo rey ante el antiguo reino, asumiría serias repercusiones en el ámbito de la arquitectura palatina, con la renovación de un importante conjunto de palacios reales pertenecientes a la Corona portuguesa, integrados desde entonces en la Monarquía Ibérica Dual.

El análisis detallado de las fuentes documentales coetáneas, con énfasis en la correspondencia epistolar producida dentro del círculo del Rey-Prudente, directa o indirectamente, permite comprender los procedimientos iniciales implementados para la renovación arquitectónica y la expansión espacial del principal palacio real portugués en Lisboa: el Paço da Ribeira. Las dimensiones políticas y simbólicas otorgadas al edificio del palacio, hechas en una escala de poder y una imagen de fuerza del propio Rey, deben analizarse en el contexto de la materialización de un gobernante que inevitablemente dejaría el reino pero no a su gente.
Fascist Femininities: Models of Womanhood in the Romanian National Legionary State
Authors: Rusu Mihai Stelian
Published: November 2020

Este artículo tiene como objetivo examinar los modelos de feminidad fascista respaldados por el Estado Legionario Nacional rumano. Consiste en un análisis cuantitativo de contenido realizado sobre artículos publicados en el periódico oficial del régimen, Cuvântul, en una columna permanente dirigida a las mujeres. Los resultados señalan la prevalencia del modelo tradicional de "feminidad doméstica" sobre el modelo masculinizado de "feminidad guerrera". Este enfoque cuantitativo basado en el análisis de contenido se complementa con un enfoque cualitativo basado en un análisis visual de la representación de las mujeres en la prensa impresa de la Legión. Los anuncios visuales, la publicidad de productos con mujeres y otras representaciones de figuras femeninas revelan un tercer tipo de feminidad heterodoxa que sugerimos llamar "Chic legionaria". Con base en estos hallazgos, el estudio concluye señalando la heterogeneidad de la política de feminidad del Estado Nacional Legionario.
Everyday existence under the communist regime: 'normality' and its collapse in the 1980s
Authors: Brzostek Błażej
Published: November 2020

Este estudio se centra en dos países "hermanos", Rumania y Polonia, y aborda la categoría de "normalidad" en relación con la vida cotidiana bajo el gobierno de la comuna y, por lo tanto, bajo un régimen político cuyas reglas a veces se describen como esencialmente "anormales". Se ha argumentado que la vida cotidiana revela mejor la naturaleza del totalitarismo, porque el totalitarismo atacó y deformó todas las esferas de la vida, imponiendo la dependencia y el miedo a las reglas sin alma para consolidar el poder. La "normalidad" se puede equiparar con la previsibilidad y la sensación de seguridad en la vida cotidiana, y su contrario sería una situación de incertidumbre y peligro: a nivel individual - enfermedad o desempleo, a nivel colectivo - guerra, una gran crisis económica, una epidemia. Pero la "normalidad" es quizás ante todo una categoría coloquial de juicio y crítica; a menudo se convierte en una imagen postulada o idealizada de la vida adecuada. La "normalidad" también implica la existencia de una determinada norma y en este nivel se convierte en un elemento de distinción social; lo que es "anormal" para determinados grupos, puede ser un cuadro de vida dócil para otros. Este estudio se concentra en conceptos como "norma", "normalidad" y "normalización" y los diversos significados y entendimientos relacionados con su uso bajo el gobierno comunista, abordando los casos de Polonia y Rumania...
Sombras de Felipe II: la 'Leyenda Negra' y los usos de la historia en la crisis del moderantismo (1867-1868)
Authors: Calderón Argelich Alfonso
Published: November 2020

Este artículo contextualiza la polémica desatada en los años de 1867-1868 en torno a la figura de Felipe II. Los “neocatólicos” reivindicaron en clave nacional su reinado como un modo de generar adhesión a sus postulados antiseculares, lo que generó importantes tensiones en la cultura política del moderantismo. El análisis de la retórica parlamentaria y de las intervenciones en prensa permite recuperar el significado de las alusiones a la monarquía de los Austrias. La llamada “Leyenda Negra” pudo ser invocada con versatilidad por diferentes actores con intenciones políticas diversas.
The Effective and the Controversial Uses of Code-Switching: Edwidge Danticat’s 'Claire of the Sea Light' as Case Study
Authors: Ibarrola-Armendariz Aitor
Published: November 2020

This article explores the different uses that Haitian-American author Edwidge Danticat makes of code-switching in her last novel Claire of the Sea Light (2013). It also delves into the effects Danticat seeks to produce on her readers by the introduction of Creole words and expressions. While the incorporation of the mother tongue is not new in Danticat’s fiction, critics have paid little attention to the diverse purposes such a tongue purports to serve in her books and to the kind of responses it has aroused from her audience. Her uses of code-switching are observed to pursue various purposes: some purely mimetic, others more closely related to her stylistic ambitions, and still others out of motivations that may be deemed debatable, as they pertain to the “exoticization” of her homeland. Ultimately, the use of code-switching in Claire of the Sea Light should be viewed as one of the most effective strategies that diasporic writers envisage to satisfy a number of important socio-pragmatic and rhetorical functions that are usually expected in ethnic fiction. These strategies also aim to guide the (mainstream) readers’ affective responses to their work in the way(s) “minority” authors believe best suit their aesthetic and ethical goals.
The Translation of Samuel Beckett’s 'mirlitonnades' by Three Spanish Authors
Authors: Garre García Mar
Published: November 2020

The mirlitonnades are short poems written by Samuel Beckett between 1976 and 1978. These minimalistic pieces reflect the poetic idiosyncrasies in his literary career and also in his personal life. Although Spanish literary culture has not been significantly affected by the work of Samuel Beckett —with some notable exceptions— it is surprising that the mirlitonnades have been translated five times into Spanish. In this study, I will focus on three of those versions —Loreto Casado (1998), Jenaro Talens (2000) and José Luis Reina Palazón (2014)— with the objective of identifying common sources of interest for these translators in Beckett's poems. Attention will also be paid to the main points of convergence among the different versions, as well as their dissimilarities. In addition, the predominant methods that they adopted in translating the mirlitonnades will be examined. The study of their lexical choices will ultimately reveal different approaches to Beckett’s work, as well as the various images of Beckett as a poet that Spanish readers might have acquired through each of these versions.
Going Up Is Always Good: A Multimodal Analysis of Metaphors in a TV Ad with FILMIP, the Filmic Metaphor Identification Procedure
Authors: Ibáñez-Arenós María , Bort-Mir Lorena
Published: November 2020

Conceptual Metaphor Theory developed by Lakoff & Johnson (1980) suggested that we use metaphors to evaluate and communicate in our various environments. Although metaphors encompass a large variety of taxonomies, orientational metaphors are those that rely on spatial position to map concepts into other ones, referring to a relation of valence and verticality. Stated by Kövecses (2010) conceptual metaphors such orientational ones draw ‘upward’ and ‘downward’ spatial positions in which ‘upward’ is usually referred to as having positive connotations, whereby their opposites, ‘downwards’, are understood as negative. This paper seeks to unveil how the orientational metaphor good is up is employed in a filmic narrative of a language learning application for technological devices named Babbel. The present analysis is developed under the application of FILMIP (Filmic Metaphor Identification Procedure, Bort-Mir 2019). In the analyzed narrative, the orientational metaphor good is up is represented in the Babbel TV commercial (2018) as a tool for persuading customers that the best way of escalating positions at work is by learning new languages. This analysis demonstrates how orientational metaphors in multimodal media emerge as a convenient device for marketing campaigns in the context of social status improvement.
The Linguistic Image of the World and Image Schemas: an attempt at their delimitation and comparison
Authors: Carisio Anastasiia
Published: November 2020

This article is a review of a few essential aspects of one of the famous Slavic linguistic schools  —the Polish ethnolinguistic school of Lublin. This school developed the theory of językowy obraz świata (in Polish) or jazykovaja kartina mira (in Russian), which is generally translated in English as ‘Linguistic Image of the World’ (LIW). The Linguistic Image of the World takes into account the sociocultural embeddedness of language and cognition. We will compare this theory with embodiment models —Image Schemas.

The paper is organised in four parts: (1) a brief review of relevant studies related to the Theory of Linguistic Image of the World; (2) an introduction to some essential aspects of Image Schemas, as representative of the standard Cognitive Linguistics approach, together with a brief analysis of some examples; (3) a description of LIW, highlighting some basic notions such as the stereotype and clarifying its relationship with the prototype; and (4) conclusions on the central role of culture in the process of conceptualization.
Gender, Ideology and Conceptual Metaphors: Women and the Source Domain of the Hunt
Authors: López Maestre María D.
Published: November 2020

As a cognitive process, metaphorical reasoning is inevitable, but not necessarily innocent or neutral. It is well known that the conceptual domains of love and sex have received substantial attention within cognitive linguistics. However, a source domain that merits further exploration from a gender ideology perspective is that of the hunt. For this reason, following an approach that links cognitive linguistics with critical discourse analysis this article examines the conceptualisation of love, seduction and the search for a partner/husband through hunting metaphors, focusing on the discursive representation of women and the hunt. In the texts studied the conceptual metaphors love/seduction/the search for a partner or husband is a hunt are activated through metaphorical linguistic expressions with terms such as hunt, chase, pursue, catch, capture, trap etc. Regarding ideology, metaphors are powerful transmitters of folk beliefs and dominant conceptions of femininity and masculinity. Gender values that show man as the privileged sex as well as sexist ideologies supportive of male dominance and female submissiveness have been found to underlie the texts under consideration.
Tecno-cuidados en los hogares. Cualificaciones requeridas, activadas y activables en el Servicio de Ayuda a Domicilio
Authors: Gómez Bueno Carmuca , Martín Palomo María Teresa
Published: November 2020

En este artículo se analiza el papel de las tecnologías en la profesionalización del trabajo de cuidados desempeñado por las trabajadoras del Servicio de Ayuda a Domicilio (SAD). El texto muestra los resultados, de un proyecto de transferencia El portal del familiar GESAD Family, sobre la percepción de las tecnologías y sus potencialidades como herramientas profesionales para dicho colectivo. Mediante un abordaje cualitativo, se analizan tanto las cualificaciones requeridas, las activadas así como las que se activarían al incorporar las tecnologías al trabajo cotidiano de las auxiliares. Los resultados apuntan hacia el desarrollo de nuevas aplicaciones informáticas manejadas desde el móvil por las auxiliares del SAD como estrategia para avanzar tanto hacia su profesionalización como en el acercamiento de las tecnologías a las personas cuidadas.
El paradigma de los comunes y la protección social pública como claves hacia el bienestar
Authors: Martínez Buján Raquel
Published: November 2020

Este artículo indaga en las aportaciones que el paradigma de los comunes puede ofrecer a la gestión y a la formulación de la protección social pública. Se examina la evolución teórica del marco de “los comunes” desde los años setenta y se hace especial hincapié en cómo se ha articulado a raíz de los movimientos de la ciudadanía durante el contexto de crisis económica y de empleo en España. Se argumenta que el marco de organización política que defienden “los comunes” puede contribuir a reconfigurar el modelo público de bienestar incorporando la participación ciudadana y asumiendo los retos que plantea la sostenibilidad de la vida.
La base económica de los Estados y el mapa político mundial
Authors: Claval Paul
Published: November 2020

Este artículo se ocupa de la evolución de la base económica de los Estados, desde las autarquías medievales hasta los Estados territoriales y monetizados. Muestra como tras el aumento del ritmo de la globalización en los años 1970 comienzan a entrar en decadencia las economías de base territorial y comienzan a aparecer circuitos cada vez más extensos y tupidos de ciudades globales. De este modo, en la actualidad, el mapa político mundial tiene una estructura dual: por un lado, está un mosaico de Estados territoriales formalmente independientes, y, por otro, una red de ciudades, el archipiélago global, que refleja el tipo de funcionamiento económico.
Comida à mesa: afeto, memória e história saborizada de idosas descendentes de italianos
Authors: Cruz Sandréli Terezinha da , Palma Shelly Westphalen , Kirsten Vanessa Ramos , Chagas Patricia , Dallepiane Loiva Beatriz
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: identificar e registrar os simbolismos e práticas alimentares de idosas descendentes de italianos em um município do Rio Grande do Sul. A comida, além de suprir a necessidade fisiológica do organismo, é um fator de identidade e cultura que inclui sabores, afetos e rituais que estabelecem relação entre o indivíduo e a sociedade. As cozinhas nacionais e internacionais resultam da miscigenação de culturas e hábitos que carregam cargas históricas permanentes na memória individual e coletiva. Materiais e métodos: Estudo com pesquisa descritiva e abordagem qualitativa. Participaram dez mulheres, maiores de 60 anos, descendentes de italianos, não institucionalizadas, sem diagnóstico de alteração cognitiva. A seleção destas mulheres ocorreu de forma aleatória. A escolha por entrevistar apenas as mulheres aplica-se ao fato de estas, ainda na sua geração, serem as principais responsáveis pelo cuidado com a alimentação da família e quanto ao número de 10 entrevistadas, deve-se ao número atingido na saturação das falas, seguindo a regra de exaustividade e de representatividade. Resultados e discussão: A comida típica e os hábitos culturais relacionados a cozinha remetem a lembrança de momentos e pessoas que participaram da vida destas idosas. Considerações finais: Refletimos a relação entre a identidade étnica, culinária e memória, desde a infância até os dias atuais das participantes, envolvendo hábitos alimentares culturais, familiares, festivos e memórias da imigração italiana na primeira metade do século XX.
Autoavaliação da saúde e qualidade da dieta: comparação em idosos hospitalizados
Authors: Klossniak Greiskelly Didur , Matos Maria Vitória , Vaz Diana Souza Santos , Schiessel Dalton Luiz , Cavagnari Mariana Abe Vicente , Rodrigues Ivete Ferreira , Mazur Caryna Eurich
Published: November 2020

O estudo objetiva associar a qualidade da dieta e autoavaliação da saúde de idosos hospitalizados. Estudo transversal, realizado em um hospital de Guarapuava/PR, com cem idosos. Foi aplicado um questionário socioeconômico, que também continha perguntas para auto percepção da saúde, foi utilizado o dia alimentar habitual para mensurar a qualidade da dieta (IQD) de cada indivíduo, cujo foi calculado por meio de índice próprio. Para associação foi utilizado o teste exato de Fisher, correlação e análise descritiva. A média de idade foi de 72,39 ± 7,77 anos, sendo 50% do gênero feminino. A autoavaliação sobre a qualidade da dieta, mensurada pelo IQD, demonstrou que há necessidade de modificação (52%). A maioria (41%) classificou seu estado de saúde como ruim. Não houve associação entre o IQD e a autoavaliação da saúde (p > 0,05), demonstrando que a percepção de saúde não interfere na qualidade da dieta. Portanto, não houve associação entre a auto percepção da saúde e a qualidade da dieta em idosos hospitalizados.
Queratoconjuntivitis Seca en caninos de un barrio de la ciudad de Managua
Authors: Flores-Somarriba Byron José , Aguirre Jordana , Bonilla-Espinoza José Luis
Published: November 2020

La Queratoconjuntivitis Seca en caninos es una de las patologías más subdiagnósticada, un problema que se acentúa más en países como Nicaragua, donde la práctica clínica veterinaria aún es incipiente, el objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de Queratoconjuntivitis Seca, aplicando la prueba de Schirmer en 28 perros de múltiples razas, que fueron estudiados durante una jornada en un barrio de la ciudad de Managua. Se obtuvo 7 casos positivos (25%, IC 95%: 7.17-4.82) a Queratoconjuntivitis Seca unilateral, predominando entre ellos la raza Criolla 4/10, Pitbull 2/7, Chow Chow 1/2, mientras que en las razas Dóberman, French Poodle, Husky Siberiano, Labrador, Pastor Alemán y Pequinés no se encontró positividad, el sexo no fue un factor predisponente ya que en hembras fueron positivas 2/13 y en machos 5/15 (p≥0.05), la media de película lacrimal en perros jóvenes fue de 18.4 mm y en adultos fue de 21.0 mm mostrando diferencia significativa (p=0.049). Este estudio resalta la necesidad de incluir en la clínica diaria el chequeo oftalmológico en caninos con exámenes complementarios para la detección temprana de Queratoconjuntivitis Seca.
Redes de relaciones sociales en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires: lazos familiares y amistades
Authors: Carrascosa Joaquín
Published: November 2020

En las últimas décadas ha habido un interés creciente en el rol de los lazos sociales y los recursos que estos proveen a cada clase social. Estudios recientes alrededor del mundo han mostrado a partir de la metodología del generador de posiciones que el capital social se distribuye desigualmente entre las clases sociales y es un factor significativo en el logro ocupacional. Estos estudios pueden ser complementados con técnicas de Análisis de Redes Sociales (ARS), que nos permiten observar las estructuras de relaciones subyacentes entre personas en diferentes posiciones de la de estructura de estratificación social. En este artículo se realiza un análisis de redes sociales, agregado al nivel ocupacional, de los lazos fuertes y débiles de los residentes del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires en 2015 con datos provenientes de la encuesta del PI-Clases “Reproducción y movilidad social en trayectorias familiares y cursos de vida” (2015-2016). El análisis se realizará con el software Gephi a partir de información sobre las ocupaciones de los miembros del hogar del encuestado y su mejor amigo. Este análisis permite mapear redes de lazos fuertes y débiles mostrando patrones de relaciones y encontrar los nodos centrales de esta red, puentes que conectan distintas posiciones de clase y fronteras que limitan la interacción entre clases. El análisis mostró que los lazos de amistad y en los hogares se estructuran fuertemente según la posición social, con fronteras de clase marcadas.
Memory, risk, and regional identity: Assessing the socio-cultural impacts of tornadoes in Oklahoma, USA
Authors: Allen Ashley
Published: November 2020

Tornadoes are often seen as a way of life in the Great Plains region of the United States, with many stories of deadly storms originating before the 20th century. Because of this historic connection between people and their environment, residents of states such as Oklahoma develop distinctive sociocultural relationships to extreme weather, particularly associating tornadoes with social memory and regional identity. In this paper, I assert that shared memories of historic tornadoes are impactful to Oklahomans’ regional identity as it relates to residents’ relationships with risk. Multiple qualitative methods, including interview and archival research were used in order to identify the importance of this relationship to Oklahomans as a social group. Much importance is also placed on connecting the present to the past, and many Oklahomans have adopted tornadoes as a symbol of strength. While memories of these tornadic events do not negate the risks of living in a potentially dangerous environment, they also do not imply that risks should be avoided. Rather, facing these risks is seen as a practice in endurance that many Oklahomans believe they were built to face.
Aptamers and Possible Effects on Neurodegeneration
Authors: Söylemez Fatma , Han Türkseven Çağatay
Published: November 2020

Aptamers are a new class of recognizing agents which are defined as short biomolecules like oligonucleotides and peptides that are used in diagnostics and therapeutics. They can bind to specific targets with extremely high affinity based on their structural conformations. It is believed that in the near future, aptamers could replace monoclonal antibody. The biggest advantage of using aptamers is that the process is in vitro in nature and does not require the use of animals and they also have unique properties, such as thermal stability, low cost, and unlimited applications. Aptamers have been studied as a biomaterial in numerous investigations concerning their use as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool and biosensing probe. DNA aptamers were also used for the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegeneration and neurodegenerative diseases. For example, functional nucleic acid aptamers have been developed to detect Aβ fragments in Alzheimer’s brain hippocampus tissue samples. Aptamers are promising materials for diverse areas, not just as alternatives to antibodies but as the core components of medical equipment. Although they are in the preliminary stages of development, results are quite encouraging, and it seems that aptamer research has a very bright future in neuroscience.
A Brief Look at Multi-Criteria Problems: Multi-Threshold Optimization versus Pareto-Optimization
Authors: Vakhania Nodari , Werner Frank
Published: November 2020

Multi-objective optimization problems are important as they arise in many practical circumstances. In such problems, there is no general notion of optimality, as there are different objective criteria which can be contradictory. In practice, often there is no unique optimality criterion for measuring the solution quality. The latter is rather determined by the value of the solution for each objective criterion. In fact, a practitioner seeks for a solution that has an acceptable value of each of the objective functions and, in practice, there may be different tolerances to the quality of the delivered solution for different objective functions: for some objective criteria, solutions that are far away from an optimal one can be acceptable. Traditional Pareto-optimality approach aims to create all non-dominated feasible solutions in respect to all the optimality criteria. This often requires an inadmissible time. Besides, it is not evident how to choose an appropriate solution from the Pareto-optimal set of feasible solutions, which can be very large. Here we propose a new approach and call it multi-threshold optimization setting that takes into account different requirements for different objective criteria and so is more flexible and can often be solved in a more efficient way.
Creation and Evaluation of Atomically Ordered Side- and Facet-Surface Structures of Three-Dimensional Silicon Nano-Architectures
Authors: N. Hattori Azusa , Hattori Ken
Published: November 2020

The realization of three-dimensional (3D)-architected nanostructures, that is, the transformation from novel two-dimensional (2D) film-based devices to 3D complex nanodevices, is of crucial importance with the progress of scaling down devices to nanometer order. However, little attention has been devoted to controlling the atomic ordering and structures of side-surfaces on 3D structures, while techniques for controlling and investigating 2D surfaces, namely, surface science, have been established only for planar 2D surfaces. We have established an original methodology that enables atomic orderings and arrangements of surfaces with arbitrary directions to be observed on 3D figured structures by developing diffraction and microscopy techniques. An original technique, namely, directly and quantitatively viewing the side- and facet-surfaces at the atomic scale by reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), can be used to determine process parameters in etching. This chapter introduces methods of evaluation by RHEED and LEED based on a reciprocal space map and methods of creating various atomically flat 111 and {100} side-surfaces of 3D Si nano-architectures and tilted 111 facet-surfaces fabricated by lithography dry and wet etching processes, followed by annealing treatment in vacuum.
Exploits, Advances and Challenges in Characterizing Self-Healing Materials
Authors: Sunday Obayi Camillus , Sunday Nnamchi Paul
Published: November 2020

Characterization is an indispensable tool for understanding the structure–property-processing relationship in all material classes. However, challenges in self-healing materials characterization arise from the preparation routes, material types, damage mechanism and applications. Here, the discourse surveys the exploits, advances and challenges encountered within various characterization methods that have been exploited to reveal the damage-restoring processes in some material classes, namely metals, polymers, ceramics, concretes and coatings. Since there is no unified characterization procedure for the different classes of materials displaying self-repairing capabilities, the outcome of this discourse contributes to the advancement of knowledge about understanding self-healing testing procedures. An overview of methods, challenges and prospects toward self-healing property standardization at different length scales has been discussed.
Knowledge of the Whole in Friedrich Hölderlin’s “Being Judgement Possibility”
Authors: Herrera Hugo E. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2020

In “Being Judgement Possibility,” Hölderlin posits that the division between subject and object produced in conscious knowledge requires admitting a being as the ground of that knowledge’s unity. Commentators argue over the way to access such being according to Hölderlin. For Dieter Henrich, being is a presupposition recognized reflexively. Manfred Frank, by contrast, maintains that Hölderlin grants direct access to it in an “intellectual intuition.” This article addresses the respective interpretations of both authors. It shows that Frank’s interpretation is closer to the textual evidence than Henrich’s interpretation. Frank’s interpretation also allows one to explain better the way in which the division between subject and object avoids leading to dispersal. Finally, this article considers the insufficiency of Frank’s interpretation so as to clarify an issue that he himself advances in the course of his argument: how the I manages to distinguish itself in the sphere of intuitable objects.
A new species and depth record of bopyrid (Crustacea, Isopoda) from a squat lobster in the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench
Authors: Williams Jason D. , Boyko Christopher B. , Marin Ivan N.
Published: November 2020

The branchial parasitic isopod Pleurocryptella altalis sp. nov. (Bopyridae: Pseudioninae) is described from the squat lobster host Munidopsis petalorhyncha Baba, 2005. The new species is morphologically similar to Pleurocryptella formosa Bonnier, 1900 and P. wolffi Bourdon, 1972b but can be distinguished based on male characters (differences in head, pleon and uropods) and female characters (differences in barbula, pleopods and pleotelson). The parasite specimens (a female and male pair) were collected with the squat lobster host at a depth of 5060–5130 m from the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench, representing the deepest record for any of the 850+ described bopyrid isopod species and for any record of an infested host. Dichotomous identification keys to females and males of Pleurocryptella species and subspecies are provided.