bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGURANGAN RISIKO MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS PADA AREA MESIN LASER PERFORATOR DI PERUSAHAAN ROKOK MENGGUNAKAN OWAS DAN QFD
Authors: Azwir Hery Hamdi
Published: November 2021

Di dalam perusahaan produksi rokok ini terdapat sebuah mesin laser perforator. Setelah pemasangan mesin laser perforator 50 timbul masalah yang berhubungan dengan gangguan muskuloskeletal. Saat dilakukan wawancara, operator mengeluhkan adanya nyeri punggung bawah  karena penanganan material dilakukan secara manual. Setelah dilakukan analisis dengan metode OWAS pada dua kegiatan bongkar muat ditemukan masalah yang berhubungan dengan gangguan muskuloskeletal. Dari hasil analisis ditemukan bahwa aktivitas pemuatan (loading) dikategorikan sebagai tindakan korektif 3 artinya postur tubuh berpengaruh sangat merugikan pada sistem muskuloskeletal, sedangkan kegiatan pembongkaran (unloading) termasuk tindakan korektif 2 yang tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap sistem muskuloskeletal. Selain itu, analisis gaya tekan dilakukan hanya untuk aktivitas pembebanan terhadap gaya tekan total yang bekerja pada L5/ S1. Gaya tekan untuk aktivitas pembebanan adalah 7.186,22 Newton atau lebih dari dua kali lipat dari batas aman maksimum 3.400 Newton. Perbaikan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode QFD. Sebagai solusinya adalah dibuat troli. Troli tersebut mampu mereduksi gaya tekan total pada aktivitas pembebanan menjadi 3.180,52 Newton dan berhasil mengubah menjadi kategori tindakan korektif 1. Abstract[REDUCTION OF MUSCULOSCELETAL DISORDERS RISK ON LASER PERFORATOR MACHINES AREA IN CIGARETTE COMPANIES USING QFD AND OWAS] Inside this cigarette production company, there is a laser perforator machine. After the installation of the laser perforator machine 50, problems related to musculoskeletal disorders arise. During the interview, the operator complained about low back pain due to manual handling of the material. After analyzing the OWAS method on two loading and unloading activities, problems were found related to musculoskeletal disorders. It was found that the loading activity was categorized as 3 meaning that posture had a very detrimental effect on the musculoskeletal system. Meanwhile, unloading activities included category 2 which had no significant effect on the musculoskeletal system. In addition, the biomechanical analysis was carried out only for the loading activity against the total compressive force acting on L5 / S1. The compressive force for loading activity is 7,186.22 Newton or more than twice the maximum safe limit of 3,400 Newton. Repairs were made using the QFD method. The solution is to make the moving trolley. The moving trolley is able to reduce the total compressive force on the loading activity to 3,180.52 Newton and also, reduce the level to category 1.Keywords: biomechanics; musculoskeletal disorders; Ovako Working Posture Analysis System; OWAS; Quality Function Deployment; QFD; Trolley
RISK STUDY OF SUPPLY CHAIN OF LEARNING MODULE PROCUREMENT PROJECT (CASE STUDY: PT. XYZ)
Authors: Ramadhan Rheza Aulia , Putri Ananda Vania Arisa , Sukarsono Bambang Purwanggono
Published: November 2021

Modern era has an impact on the industry. Relate to technology to turn raw goods into finished goods. Look at competitive in competition between companies that are required to customer demand. PT. XYZ is a publishing and printing company, constructing and concocting books and learning modules. Currently PT. XYZ does not yet have structured risk management to identify and mitigate risks that occur primarily in supply chain functions. Therefore, research is needed that aims to identify possible risks in PT. XYZ supply chain activities. Determine the cause of risk that must be prioritized to be mitigated in the supply chain PT. XYZ and determine mitigation strategies that must be prioritized to address the causes of risks in the supply chain PT. XYZ. The method used in this study is by the House of Risk method. HOR is used to identify risk events, risk agents in the supply chain and design mitigation strategies for risk agents based on ARP (Aggregate Risk Potential) value. The results of this study show that there are 10 risk events and 15 risk agents that become supply chain risks as well as recommendations for tackling priority risk agents.
Five Possible impacts of Digitalisation in Romania
Authors: Noja Graţiela , Pânzaru Ciprian
Published: November 2021

The rapid swift towards digital transformations in a globalized modern economy is transforming the skills needed by Europe’s workers to maintain their jobs and remain actively integrated on the labour market. As the environment diversifies through the emergence of modern technologies, the working population advances the education for upskilling in a digital era. In this context, understanding the impact of digitalization and finding the appropriate responses is critical. Our paper explores several effects of digitalisation, connected to the Romanian socio-economic specificities.
Improving Water Supply Capacity of Drainage Systems at Humid Areas in the Changing Climate
Authors: Kuzmych Lyudmyla , Voropay Galyna , Moleshcha Nelya , Babitska Olena
Published: November 2021

The paper focuses on research on improving the water supply of drainage systems of humid areas in the context of climate change. The aim of the research is to elaborate on the ways for increasing the available water supply of drainage systems and restoring active water regulation on reclaimed lands in a changing climate.

The paper presents the results of the research on improving the available water supply of drainage systems in the humid zone of Ukraine in a changing climate. It was specified in the face of increasing water scarcity providing the optimal water regime regulation on drained lands is possible due to the increase in the available water supply of drainage systems. It can be achieved thanks to the accumulating capacity of reclaimed areas, namely usage of free soil capacity of the aeration zone and open canals, accumulation of water reserve volumes in storage tanks due to the accumulation of surface and drainage runoff.

Taking into account the design features of different types of drainage systems, existing water management technologies, characteristics of water sources and their close proximity to the drainage systems, the technological schemes of water intake from rivers and reservoirs, and its supply to the drained areas for irrigation needs were developed. In a face of increasing water scarcity, it is also expedient to apply resource-saving technologies to control the available water supply for crops.
The Social Sustainability Barometer 2017–2019: Survey Data on the Energiewende
Authors: Matejko Leonie , Sommer Stephan
Published: November 2021

A large majority of citizens supports the German transition toward clean energy production (Energiewende). Yet, the Energiewende involves a large suite of aspects that determine the support. The social sustainability barometer provides a comprehensive data base on a large variety of questions related to the Energiewende that was collected in three survey waves spanning from 2017 to 2019 among more than 6000 household heads.
Disparity-filtered differential correlation network analysis: a case study on CRC metabolomics
Authors: Sabatini Silvia , Gastaldelli Amalia
Published: November 2021

Differential network analysis has become a widely used technique to investigate changes of interactions among different conditions. Although the relationship between observed interactions and biochemical mechanisms is hard to establish, differential network analysis can provide useful insights about dysregulated pathways and candidate biomarkers. The available methods to detect differential interactions are heterogeneous and often rely on assumptions that are unrealistic in many applications. To address these issues, we develop a novel method for differential network analysis, using the so-called disparity filter as network reduction technique. In addition, we propose a classification model based on the inferred network interactions. The main novelty of this work lies in its ability to preserve connections that are statistically significant with respect to a null model without favouring any resolution scale, as a hard threshold would do, and without Gaussian assumptions. The method was tested using a published metabolomic dataset on colorectal cancer (CRC). Detected hub metabolites were consistent with recent literature and the classifier was able to distinguish CRC from polyp and healthy subjects with great accuracy. In conclusion, the proposed method provides a new simple and effective framework for the identification of differential interaction patterns and improves the biological interpretation of metabolomics data.
Development and properties of austempered low alloyed white cast iron
Authors: Erdogan Mehmet , Davut Kemal , Kilicli Volkan
Published: November 2021

This study examined the response of low-alloy white cast iron to austempering heat treatment. In addition, it investigated the microstructure and mechanical properties of austempered low-alloy white cast iron. The low-alloy white cast iron specimens were austenitized at 900 °C, followed by quick quenching into a salt bath at 375 °C, and held there for 15 to 120 minutes for austempering heat treatment. Microstructural features were studied by optical, scanning electron microscopes, and XRD analysis. The mechanical properties were determined by hardness and unnotched Charpy impact toughness tests. As a function of those austempering times, a microstructural map was constructed to show how the transformation products develop, quantitatively. The experimental results showed that the austempering heat treatment produced a microstructure consisting of eutectic carbides + ausferritic structure in low-alloy white cast iron. It can be concluded that the low-alloy white cast iron can be austempered, similar to ductile cast irons. Improved hardness and impact toughness values have been obtained in austempered low-alloy white cast iron.
Friction welding of high Cr white cast iron to AISI 1030 steel with Ni interlayer
Authors: Teker Tanju , Karakurt Eyyüp Murat
Published: November 2021

In this study, the effect of friction time on microstructure and weldability of AISI 1030 steel with nickel interlayer and high chromium white cast iron welded by the friction welding method were investigated experimentally. The weld joints were produced with 2000 rpm rotational speed, under 80 MPa friction pressure, 150 MPa forging pressure, for 8 s forging time and 8, 10 and 12 s friction times. After the friction welding process, the microstructures of the weld interfaces were analyzed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, elemental mapping and X-ray diffraction analysis. The results were lateron compared theoretically and experimentally. The increasing friction time led to high frictional heat input. The results indicated that friction time plays a vital role on the microstructure and weldability.
Comparative study of destructive, nondestructive, and numerical procedures for the determination of moisture dependent shear moduli in Scots pine wood
Authors: Aydın Murat , Ciritcioğlu Hasan Hüseyin
Published: November 2021

In this study, moisture dependent shear moduli in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.) wood were determined by a 45° off-axis (longitudinal, radial, and tangential) compression test and ultrasonic transverse wave propagation. Finite element modeling was performed to ascertain how the results agree with the numerical method. Ultrasonic transverse wave velocities on the LR, LT, and RT planes were decreased from 1347, 1323, and 589 m × s-1to 1286, 1269, and 561 m × s-1when relative humidity increased from 45 % to 85 % at a constant temperature of 20 ± 1 °C, respectively. The dynamic and static shear modulus on the LR, LT, and RT planes were decreased from 988, 953, and 189, and 966, 914, and 182 MPa to 927, 903, and 176, and 845, 784, and 154 MPa when relative humidity increased from 45 % to 85 % at a constant temperature of 20 ± 1 °C, respectively. Therefore, both velocity and modulus values at all principal axes and planes were decreased with an increase in moisture. Maximum (15.2 %) and minimum (2.3 %) differences between dynamic and the static shear modulus were observed for GLTat 85 % and GLRat 45 % relative humidity, respectively. Coefficients of determinations between the dynamic and static shear moduli were ranged from 0.68 (GLRat 65 % RH) to 0.97 (GLRat 85 % RH). Finite element analysis, only for 65 % RH values, was performed using Solid 45 element, and, according to results, load-deformation curves created by linear orthotropic material properties, are well-matched with the static curves.
Manipulation of the pre-partum diet of dairy cows to promote early adaptation to perennial ryegrass herbage
Authors: Russo V.M. , Wales W.J. , Leury B.J. , Hannah M.C. , Kennedy E.
Published: November 2021

The diet of dairy cows in Ireland traditionally changes abruptly from predominantly pasture silage before calving to grazed perennial ryegrass immediately after calving. This potentially leads to problems with adaptation of microbes in the rumen with consequences of reduced intake and ultimately lower milk production. This experiment aimed to determine if introducing first-lactation dairy cows to perennial ryegrass herbage in the final weeks of pregnancy, thus eliminating a major dietary change at calving, could improve the adaptation process, potentially increasing dry matter intake (DMI) and milk production in early lactation. Three weeks prior to their expected calving date, 14 spring calving dairy cows were assigned to one of two treatments (n = 7): pasture silage pre-partum and perennial ryegrass herbage post-partum, or perennial ryegrass herbage both pre- and post-partum. Treatment diets were fed for 11 (±7) d pre-partum and for 14 (±0) d post-partum. For both treatments, DMI increased post-partum, but there was no difference between treatments, pre- or post-partum (5.9 and 8.8 kg DM/cow per day, respectively). There were no differences in milk yield or composition between the treatments. Body condition score declined following parturition but there were no differences between treatments. Plasma non-esterified fatty acids, glucose and β-hydroxybutyrate were also unaffected by treatment but did indicate a state of negative energy balance in early lactation. The results of this experiment suggest that pre-partum adaptation to perennial ryegrass herbage would not benefit milk production in first-lactation dairy cows in early lactation in Irish dairy farms employing this system.
Funciones sintáctico-textuales del infinitivo y el gerundio-participio en notas periodísticas deportivas en inglés
Authors: Quintero-Ramírez Sara
Published: November 2021

Esta investigación busca identificar las funciones sintácticas y textuales que desempeñan los gerundio-participios (-ing) e infinitivos en notas periodísticas en idioma inglés. La metodología adaptada consistió en analizar un corpus de veinticinco notas deportivas, para lo cual construimos un modelo de análisis mediante el que examinamos las funciones principales de ambas formas no finitas, tanto a nivel oracional como supraoracional. Con base en este modelo, clasificamos gerundio-participios e infinitivos del corpus con la finalidad de establecer un parangón respecto de su asiduidad y sus respectivas funciones en este género discursivo. Entre nuestros hallazgos, constatamos que ambas formas no finitas se hacen anteceder de verbos auxiliares para formar perífrasis verbales. En complemento preposicional, ambas formas se asocian a sintagmas nominales y adjetivales. A nivel supraoracional, el gerundio-participio juega un rol más textual en las notas periodísticas deportivas del corpus que el infinitivo. Con esta investigación, pretendemos contribuir a los estudios del discurso deportivo, en particular aquellos enfocados en las formas no finitas.
Ciência no feminino
Authors: Gomes Angela Maria de Castro , Raffaini Patricia Tavares , Kodama Kaori
Published: November 2021

-
The status of the education of science for children aged 5–6 in some central Vietnamese public preschools
Authors: Tran Viet-Nhi , Nguyen Tuan-Vinh , Ta Thi Kim-Nhung , Le Thi Nhung
Published: November 2021

The study aims to determine the status of organizing science activities for preschoolers aged 5–6 and teachers' views on improving science education quality for 5–6-year-olds in Vietnam. The research was undertaken on 150 preschool teachers working with 5–6 years old classes in 24 public preschools in 3 provinces, including Quang Binh, Quang Tri, and Thua Thien Hue. Mixed methods, including surveys, interviews with teachers, and observation of science discovery activities, were used. According to the study results, science education activities were regularly organized in the preschools with specific plans following the school-year curriculum and the national ECE framework of Vietnam. Teachers used various methods and forms for organizing scientific activities, but the classroom environment was dominant. The participation of family and society in science activities at preschools was limited. Teachers also highlight some measures to improve the quality of science education in preschools, including providing necessary facilities, equipment, toys for preschools and increasing modern teaching methods. The findings of this study provide necessary evidence on science education for preschool children in practical terms as the basis for further studies on solutions to improve the efficiency of science education for preschool children in Vietnam.
A review of patient safety communication in multicultural and multilingual healthcare settings with special attention to the U.S. and Canada
Authors: Horváth Á. , Molnár P.
Published: November 2021

Purpose

The present work aims to raise awareness of the issue of patient safety communication in multicultural and multilingual healthcare settings and to present strategies on how to overcome emerging cultural and language barriers and enable healthcare providers to reduce the risk of miscommunication, prevent inequalities and disparities, and provide their patients with safe and quality care. It also strives to present the policies and measures the United States and Canada have implemented and the strategies U.S. experts have developed to advance effective communication between provider and patient.

Methods

The literature review was conducted on academic works and publications by health associations, institutes of health, and government departments in topics such as adverse events in health care and strategies to reduce cross-cultural miscommunications and on guides for hospitals.

Results/Discussion

Cultural diversity in a patient population, language barriers, and a lack of effective communication can impose an increased threat on an individual's health. In order to radically decrease the incidence of adverse events, policies and systems on how to manage multinational and multilingual medical environments should be created at a national level. Cultural competence is also key to delivering care that meets patients' social and cultural needs; furthermore, developing a language access plan and providing language assistance (interpretation, translation) for those in need can greatly contribute to providing quality care.

Conclusions

Clear communication is key to quality care and patient safety in multicultural and multilingual healthcare environments, but to significantly reduce the incidence of adverse events, policies and systems should be created at a national level.
Effect of nano nitrogen on yield attributes of sweet corn (Zea mays Saccharata) and economics
Authors: Sarwar I. , Gedam V.B. , Shinde R.H. , Bade A.S.
Published: November 2021

A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Farm, RCSM College of Agriculture, Kolhapur (M.S.), India during Kharif, 2020 in black Vertisol soil using split plot design with four replications. The main plot factors consist of time of application viz., T1: 15 days after sowing (DAS), T2: 30 DAS and T3: 45 DAS and sub plot factors consist of doses of nano nitrogen (N) fertilizers viz., N1: 1.00 litre per ha, N2: 1.25 litre per ha and N3: 1.50 litre per ha making total nine treatment combinations. The results of main plot showed that length of cob (20.56 cm), diameter of cob (19.71 cm), weight of cob per plant (222.29 g), number of grains per cob (402.07), green cob yield per ha (138.32 q), green fodder yield per ha (359.75 q), protein content in grain (9.74%) and crude protein in stover (5.18%) were significantly maximum when foliar spray was done at 15 days after sowing (DAS). The gross monetary return (Rs. 5,93,172.04 ha-1) and net monetary return (Rs. 3,78,016.10 ha-1) were significantly maximum with foliar spray at 15 DAS (T1) over later spraying at 30 DAS (T2) and 45 DAS (T3). While, in sub-plot length of cob (18.55 cm), diameter of cob (16.83 cm), weight of cob per plant (208.65 g), number of grains per cob (371.25), green cob yield per ha (125.96 q), green fodder yield per ha (344.39 q), protein content in grain (9.29%) and crude protein in stover (5.10%) were obtained from treatment N3 (1.5 litre ha-1) which was on par with treatment N2 (1.25 litre ha-1) and significantly superior over N1 (1 litre ha-1). The highest value of the gross monetary return (Rs. 5,80,827.23 ha-1) and net monetary return (Rs. 3,59,534.55 ha-1) were obtained from treatment N3 (1.5 litre ha-1) which was at par with treatment N2 (1.25 litre ha-1) and significantly superior over treatment N1 (1.00 litre ha-1).
Impact of integrated weed management practices on weed and morphological parameters of black gram (Phaseolus mungo)
Authors: Bholane J. P. , Rajput Kavita D. , Bhale V.M.
Published: November 2021

A field investigation was carried out during Kharif season in 2010 at Agronomy Department Farm, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, to evaluate the effect of four herbicides (imazethapyr , pendimethalin, fenoxyprop-p-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl) applied at different rates with different time of application (pre-emergence, post emergence and combination of both) and cultural practices i.e. hand weeding and hoeing on morphological and weed contributing parameters in black gram (Phaseolus mungo). Among all the weed control methods, pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1.5 kg/ha showed superiority over weedy check and rest all other methods, which were under study and significantly increased plant height (44.37), number of functional leaves plant-1 (12.37), leaf area plant-1 (886.7), total dry matter weight plant-1 (18.77), leaf area index (2.96), number of root nodules plant-1 (27 at 45 DAS) (other at 60 DAS), when compared with weedy check.
Impact of nutrient management on nutrient uptake and soil properties under summer green gram (Vigna radiata L.)
Authors: Patil V. R. , Patil J. B. , Patil M. J. , Gedam V. B.
Published: November 2021

An present field experiment was carried out to assess the effect of nutrient management on summer green gram (Vigna radiata L.) during summer 2020 at Agronomy Research Farm, RCSM College of Agriculture, Kolhapur (MH), India. The soil of experimental field was sandy clay loam textural class, slightly alkaline in reaction (pH 7.43), having electrical conductivity 0.22 dS m-1, bulk density 1.34 mg m-3 and low organic carbon content (0.39%), low in available nitrogen (238.29 kg ha-1), high in available phosphorus (30.61 kg ha-1) and medium in available potassium (251.29 kg ha-1). The field experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) having eight treatments and three replications. A 30 cm x10cm spacing and Phule Vaibhav variety was used for seed sowing.Total uptake of nutrients were (109.23, 24.63 & 69.92 NPK kg ha-1), respectively by green gram crop and available N, P and K were (259.61, 37.74 & 263.63 NPK kg ha-1), respectively, in soil after harvest were found significantly maximum with the application of 100% RDF + Vermicompost 2.5 t ha-1 as well as seed treatment with biofertilizer. Neutral pH (7.00), lower bulk density (1.30 mg m-3) and highest organic carbon (0.48%) observed under organic treatment such as application of Vermicompost 5 t ha-1 with seed treatment of biofertilizer. However, highest EC (28 dSm-1) recorded under combined application of organic and inorganic sources such as 100% RDF + Vermicompost 5 t ha-1 + biofertilizer (ST).
Influence of seed invigouration and foliar spray on seed yield of semi dry rice
Authors: Parameswari K. , Vijayageetha V. , Sangeetha S.
Published: November 2021

A study was conducted in Soil and Water Management Research Institute, Thanjavur with different combination of seed treatments and foliar spray on growth parameters of rice and its seed yield. Paddy variety Anna (R) 4 seeds were invigourated with different seed treating chemical/biocontroll agents viz., 1% Potassium Chloride, 750 PPM Gelatin (commercial grade), 2% Pigmented Facultative Methylotroph (PPFM) for 12 hours soaking and dried back to original moisture content of 13%. The seeds were dibbled with a spacing of 20 x 10 cm and other recommended package of practice was followed to all the plots. Foliar nutrition on 60 and 90 days after sowing was done with 2% DAP, 4 % cowpea sprout extract and 4 % horsegram sprout extract were applied. Seeds hardened with 2% Pink Pigmented Facultative Methylotroph (PPFM) for 12 hrs and foliar spray with 4 % cowpea sprout extract on 60 and 90 days after sowing recorded significant enhancement in productive tillers, seeds /panicle, 1000 seed weight and 11 per cent higher seed yield than the control.
Effect of the qualitative composition of a high-fat diet in rats with systemic inflammatory response syndrome upon myocardial resistance to ischemic-reperfusion injury and cytokine levels
Authors: Borschev Yu. Yu. , Burovenko I. Yu. , Karaseva A. B. , Minasyan S. M. , Protsak E. S. , Borschev V. Yu. , Semenova N. Yu. , Borshcheva O. V. , Suvorov A. N. , Galagudza M. M.
Published: November 2021

Overweight and obesity are among the main factors of cardiovascular risk, but the prospective studies on the dependence between high-fat diets and weight gain yielded contradictory results. Different types of fats exert varying metabolic effects, and this fact leads to a difference in the risk associated with increasing body weight. The effects of fat quality in the daily diet on immunological status and resistance of myocardium to ischemic-reperfusion damage should be studied experimentally in biomedical models. The purpose of this work was to assess the effect of the qualitative composition of a high-fat diet used for induction of primary visceral obesity (PVO) in rats with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) upon myocardial resistance to ischemic-reperfusion injury, and levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines.

The experiments were performed on adult male Wistar rats with PVO caused by 28-day consumption of any fat types: hydrogenated fats (HF), vegetable oils (VO), animal fats (AF) or milk fat (MF). The SIRS model included a combination of chemically induced colitis (CIC) and intragastric injection of a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent (AMA) for three days. Five days later, immunological and biochemical studies were conducted, as well as composition of intestinal microbiota in faecal samples, morphological changes in the structure of the large intestine, hemodynamic parameters and myocardial resistance to ischemic-reperfusion injury were studied in the model of isolated heart perfusion, by Langendorff technique.

There was a significant increase in the concentration of anti-inflammatory cytokines in animals with SIRS, i.e., TNFα, IL-1α, IL-2, IL-8, as well as a decrease in TGF-1β, an anti-inflammatory cytokine. SIRS was accompanied by severe dietary disorders and evacuatory function of the gastrointestinal tract. Minimal changes in the intestinal microbiota composition, as well as the most pronounced regeneration signs of intestinal epithelium was observed in rats in the group with MF injection. There was a trend for increasing size of infarction in all the groups as compared with control, directly correlating with increase in BDNF and IL-2 production. However, a significant increase in the infarction size was found only in the group receiving milkfat, thus suggesting a decrease in myocardial resistance to ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI).

Thus, the presence of SIRS in the primary obesity model is characterized by controllable change of inflammation markers and depends on the quality of dietary fats. The degree of morphofunctional deterioration of isolated heart, including a decrease in resistance to ischemia-reperfusion injury, correlates with the concentration of BDNF and IL-2 during the studied observation terms.
Features of systemic cytokine production in Behcet's disease associated with uveitis without ocular lesions
Authors: Sorozhkina E. S. , Krichevskaya G. I. , Balatskaya N. V. , Kulikova I. G. , Andryushin A. E. , Davidova G. A. , Lisitsyna T. A.
Published: November 2021

Behcet's disease (BD) is a systemic disease underlyed by chronic vasculitis. Hyperactivity of innate and adaptive immunity plays important role in its pathogenesis. Uveitis occurs in 30-70% of the patients, often recurring and reducing visual function. The objective of our work was to study the features of systemic production of immune mediators in BD patients, depending on presence and activity of uveitis. 116 BD patients were divided into 3 groups: (1) 41 patients with active uveitis (UA), (2) 64 subjects with uveitis remission (UR), (3) 11 uveitis-free BD patients (WU). Control group (CG) comprised 34 conditionally healthy people. Detection rate (%) and contents (pg/ml) were measured for IL-1β IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-18, IFNγ, CCL2/MCP-1, CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL4/MIP-1β, CCL5/RANTES, CCL11/Eotaxin, СXCL1/GRO-α, CXCL8/IL-8, CXCL10/IP-10, CXCL12/SDF-1α, GM-CSF, TNFα in blood serum by means of multiplex analysis using MAGPIX analyzer (Luminex Corp., USA), Procarta Plex “Human Th1/Th2&Chemokine Panel 20 plex” kits (Bioscience, Austria). TGF-P1, TGF-P2 levels were assayed by ELISA-test (“Vfector-Best”). All the BD patients showed high detection rates of CXCL1/GRO-α (but not its level) in comparison with CG. Detection rate and levels of IL-6, IL-8 were increased in 1st and 2nd BD groups, compared to CG. In UR, unlike UA and WU groups, IL-4 was detected more often than in CG. WU patients showed increased detection rate of only CXCL1/GRO -α. When compared with UA, WU patients had lower serum concentrations of IFNγ, MCP-1, IP-10, MIP-1a, SDF-1α, TGF-β1; UR patients also showed decreased serum levels of IL-18, Eotaxin, GRO-α, RANTES, TGF-β2. Our results indicate the importance of angiogenic and proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines in pathogenesis of BD uveitis, as well as imbalanced production of various immunomediators. Higher detection rates and levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in UA and UR patients may result from weak persistent intraocular inflammation, even upon relief of clinical symptoms, thus, probably, requiring therapeutic correction.
Safety and efficacy of RNA vaccines: State of the art
Authors: Blagov A. V. , Bukaeva A. A. , Makarov V. V. , Bochkaeva Z. V.
Published: November 2021

This review describes principles of action and the method of delivery of mRNA molecules into cells, as well as some of developed RNA vaccines and the results obtained in their study, though they have not been authorized for use yet. In addition, the review discusses efficacy and safety proved for RNA vaccines registered for COVID-19 prevention at the time of writing. The development, clinical trials and market launch of RNA vaccines for mass immunization in a few months can be considered one of the major breakthroughs in pharmacology over the past year. Despite of all seemingly indisputable advantages, none of RNA vaccines had reached Phase III of clinical trials since the moment of its discovery in 1993 until last year. The first experience of the successful use of mRNA vaccines was back in the 90s of the last century, when vaccination of mice with liposomes encoding an antigen-encoding mRNA was found to initiate specific immune response in mice. However, in these years, the method did not find application, due to the toxicity of lipids used. Subsequently, a large number of attempts have been made to develop vaccines against other viral infections, including Zika virus, Dengue virus, Ebola virus, cytomegalovirus, influenza virus and others. Despite the importance for preventing the spread of these diseases, the development of a vaccine preparation is a rather lengthy process, and final success is not guaranteed. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has become speeded the development of mRNA vaccines up.

At the time of writing the review, two mRNA-based vaccines have been registered only in the world, both, BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273, were against COVID-19. Their effectiveness and safety are still actively studied. Moreover, it took less than a year for new strains of SARS-CoV-2 to appear, and the efficiency of vaccines against them was found to be lower than against the reference pathogen variant. Considering that the three new strains of SARS-CoV-2, “British”, “African” and “Brazilian”, are rapidly spreading in the world, the first results of efficiency evaluation of vaccines against them have already been published. One may expect that, considering mutations in these strains, the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines will remain effective against the “British” strain, but their protective properties are greatly weakened against the “African” variant.
Our Experiences on Kyphosis and Scoliosis Surgery in Juvenile and Adolescent Patients During Pandemic Period
Authors: DEMİRCİ Adnan Yalçın
Published: November 2021

Aim
In this study, we aimed to contribute to the literature by sharing our experiences regarding the major spine surgeries we have applied to juvenile and adolescent patients during the Covid-19 pandemic process.
Material and Methods
We retrospectively evaluated a total of 26 juvenile and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and kyphosis patients we operated within a year from April 2020, when pandemic measures were implemented in our country up to April 2021.
Results
Any respiratory complications or symptoms and signs of Covid-19 were not observed in our patients in the preoperative and / or postoperative period.
Conclusion
During this pandemic period, it was ensured that major spine deformity surgeries in juvenile and adolescent patients were successfully managed for both our patients and our healthcare personnel.
Profile of a Participant in Mantrailing in Poland
Authors: Warcholik Witold , Chmielowska Dorota
Published: November 2021

The aim of the study was to determine the profile of people practising mantrailing on the territory of Poland. The study covered people who practice or have practiced mantrailing – members of the group „Mantrailing Poland”. The scientific method applied was a diagnostic survey – a questionnaire consisting of questions designed by the authors. People interested in mantrailing in Poland are a relatively young and well-educated group, the vast majority come from the city. In the case of tracking, the predominance of women in dog-related activities is also confirmed. The main motives for practising tracking in Poland are determining the needs, predispositions and activity of the dog and the desire to learn about its performance directly in the field. It is not, however, about passing exams and obtaining certificates in tracking, or the aspect of competition. The list of breeds with which people practise mantrailing is extremely varied with no strict list of breeds that they consider preferable for this form of recreation. The main inhibitors of tracking in Poland are financial resources and lack of time.
From Print to Digital: Reappropriation of the Ready-Made Image in Works of Margit Sielska and Weronika Gęsicka
Authors: Koczynska Karolina
Published: November 2021

This article traces the connections between print and digital photomontage practices through the works of two women artists, Margit Sielska (1900–1980) and Weronika Gęsicka (1984–), addressing the way these lesser-known, non-Anglophone artists reveal a continuity of interests across time. Changes in technology have allowed the cut and paste technique of photomontage to evolve from the use of scissors and glue to the use of computer software. By reappropriating and manipulating the ready-made images of women and of stereotypical family life from printed and photographic materials, both artists challenge assumptions about a woman’s role in society while constructing new settings and realities for their subjects to occupy. In both instances, the combinatory process of montage serves to question and disrupt traditional and normative representations of women and domesticity. By drawing on the parallels between artworks that are made with different techniques but are derived from the shared creative process of appropriating and manipulating the ready-made image to create new, unexpected situations, the article reveals continuity between certain modernist practices and contemporary digital culture.
Brandon is a Network Not a Name: Fictocriticism & the Cyberfeminist Art of Shu Lea Cheang
Authors: Pearl Zach
Published: November 2021

The cyberfeminist art practice of Shu Lea Cheang evinces a particular relation of generative complicity with the art object—what Canadian cultural theorist Jeanne Randolph referred to as 'the amenable object' (1983). Randolph, who pioneered 'ficto-criticism'—a method of writing that intentionally blurs theory, poetics and narrative—wrote of the amenable object as an incomplete creation whose 'ambiguous elements' allow the viewer to make 'subjective interventions' in the work. Likewise, Cheang’s participatory installations and non-linear online narratives operate as amenable object-texts, requiring the user to not only navigate but contribute to them through acts of critical play and improvisation. Across Cheang’s oeuvre is also a nomadic politics of border-crossing that resonates as loudly with Donna Haraway’s cyborg as it does with the experimental feminist writing that became associated with fictocriticism. In this paper, I examine correlations between fictocritical approaches and formal tactics in Cheang’s studio practice to consider them as interrelated cyberfeminist strategies of resistance and dissent; ones that arose in counterpoint to the proliferation of deterministic, technocapitalist narratives. In particular, I look at how the fragmentation, partiality and double-voicing seen in many fictocritical texts were echoed in the user-experience of Cheang’s Brandon (1998), a sprawling network that posited the queer body as a collective series of actions. I conclude by looking at how these same techniques recall methods from Dadaism and Surrealism in the early 20th century and reflect on the recurrent role of indeterminacy in art and literature more generally to stem the entropy of binary paradigms.
ringl + pit: (Un)figuring the New Woman
Authors: Bender Stephanie Danielle
Published: November 2021

The photography of Ellen Auerbach and Grete Stern of the studio ringl + pit consistently shirks established advertising formulas. The emphases on traditional gender roles and an exaggerated femininity in conventional Weimar advertisements reaffirm heterosexual male desire and attempt to combat the development of the modern female ‘type’ into the independent and androgynous masculine woman [männliche Frau]. The disparity between media-constructed Weimar-era femininity and the actual ways in which Germans at this time understood their own selves as women and individuals is evidenced by Auerbach and Stern’s advertisements, which challenge such objectifying and sexualizing imagery by suggestive figures in the absence of real bodies, formed from the very goods being sold.Using theoretical frameworks derived from the work of Siegfried Kracauer, this article examines how ringl + pit’s advertisements for artificial silk and other new commercially available goods use substitution techniques to suggest a desire to create one’s self, while acknowledging the power of the commodity in identity formation. Stern and Auerbach’s photographs work as a reflection of their own understanding of the power of the commodity, whose uncanny beauty is revealed through detailed focus on texture and materiality, and surprising reconfigurations. Their revisioning of such materials suggests connotations of identity formation beyond the material being photographed. ringl + pit’s advertisements become semi-blank receptacles that allow numerous modern women, and even non-binary and queer individuals, to see themselves represented as possible consumers for such products, and thus be in control of their own identities.
The development of airborne warfare tactics (1935–2020)
Authors: Hegedűs Ernő
Published: November 2021

The article gives an overview of the development of airborne warfare tactics from 1935 to 2020 based on the methods of delivery applied, such as deployment by parachute, helicopter-based air mobility and airlanding, relying on military doctrines and manuals. The role of air-mechanization in the changes of the nature of airborne warfare is discussed as well.
A Nagy Játszma magyar túszai
Authors: Katona Magda
Published: November 2021

Az első világháború során nagy számú német, osztrák és magyar katona esett orosz hadifogságba, köztük hatszázezernyi magyar. Orosz-Turkesztánban mintegy ötvenezer osztrák és magyar katonát helyeztek el fogolytáborokban. Az első világháborús események és a szovjethatalom viharos kezdete számos magyart sodort Orosz-Turkesztánból Afganisztánba, ahol az ország geopolitikai lavírozása, a modernizációs dráma, ezen belül is főleg a haderőreform határozta meg sorsuk alakulását. Ez az időszak 1915-től 1932-ig tartott és három szakaszra osztható. Az első ciklusban az orosz-turkesztáni vasútépítésről szöktek hadifoglyok Afganisztánba, és 1915–1919 között tevékenykedtek ott. Tehetségükre hamar felfigyeltek a polgári és katonai életben egyaránt. Igen sokan álltak a bolsevikok mellé is, mintegy százezer magyar harcolt a szovjethatalomért. A taskenti szovjet látta el szakemberekkel az 1920-as években a modernizáló afgán államot, melynek keretében magyarokat is küldtek, elsősorban mérnököket és pilótákat, akik 1919-től 1929-ig munkálkodtak a közép-ázsiai országban. 1928–1932 között magyar katonák is részt vettek az afgán állam konszolidációjában, Nádir Khán trónra segítésében, illetve északon afgán és szovjet katonaként a baszmacsi betörések visszaszorításában.
Public Danger of a Person as a Basis for Applying Compulsory Medical Measures
Authors: Shesler Alexander , Vaselovskaya Alexandra
Published: November 2021

The authors argue that the danger posed by a person, used by the court as a basis for authorizing compulsive medical measures, should be considered to be public danger because this person could commit a new infringement on public relations protected by criminal law. The analysis of the practice of court decisions on compulsory medical measures in 2010–2020 in Tomsk and Novosibirsk Regions is use to develop criteria for determining the content of public danger posed by such a person. These criteria are the features of a publicly dangerous act that has already been committed (its focus on relations protected by criminal law, the degree on harm inflicted on these relations, the number of previously committed identical or similar acts), as well as the symptoms of a mental disorder which testify that a person has got a violent, mercenary or violent-mercenary motivation. The differentiation of compulsory medical measures applied to a person is based on the degree of public danger that this person poses. It is suggested that the probability of a person’s committing a new publicly dangerous act with a violent or mercenary-violent motivation should be viewed as a basis for sending that person to a psychiatric hospital for compulsory treatment. As for using this treatment for persons who are likely to commit new publicly dangerous act with a mercenary motivation, it is suggested that the decision should depend on the regularity of committing actions with such a motivation because the public danger is posed not so much by the gravity of the action as by its repeat character.
Automated Trouble: The Role of Algorithmic Selection in Harms on Social Media Platforms
Authors: Saurwein Florian , Spencer-Smith Charlotte
Published: November 2021

Social media platforms like Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter have become major objects of criticism for reasons such as privacy violations, anticompetitive practices, and interference in public elections. Some of these problems have been associated with algorithms, but the roles that algorithms play in the emergence of different harms have not yet been systematically explored. This article contributes to closing this research gap with an investigation of the link between algorithms and harms on social media platforms. Evidence of harms involving social media algorithms was collected from media reports and academic papers within a two-year timeframe from 2018 to 2019, covering Facebook, YouTube, Instagram, and Twitter. Harms with similar casual mechanisms were grouped together to inductively develop a typology of algorithmic harm based on the mechanisms involved in their emergence: (1) algorithmic errors, undesirable, or disturbing selections; (2) manipulation by users to achieve algorithmic outputs to harass other users or disrupt public discourse; (3) algorithmic reinforcement of pre-existing harms and inequalities in society; (4) enablement of harmful practices that are opaque and discriminatory; and (5) strengthening of platform power over users, markets, and society. Although the analysis emphasizes the role of algorithms as a cause of online harms, it also demonstrates that harms do not arise from the application of algorithms alone. Instead, harms can be best conceived of as socio-technical assemblages, composed of the use and design of algorithms, platform design, commercial interests, social practices, and context. The article concludes with reflections on possible governance interventions in response to identified socio-technical mechanisms of harm. Notably, while algorithmic errors may be fixed by platforms themselves, growing platform power calls for external oversight.
How Algorithmic Systems Changed Communication in a Digital Society
Authors: Kruikemeier Sanne , Boerman Sophie C. , Bol Nadine
Published: November 2021

This thematic issue invited submissions that address the opportunities and controversies related to algorithmic influence in a digital society. A total of 11 articles address how the use of algorithms has changed communication in various contexts, and cover topics such as personalized marketing communication, self-tracking for health, political microtargeting, news recommenders, social media algorithms, and urban experiences. The articles also include a wide variety of methods such as surveys, experiments, expert interviews, computational methods, and theoretical work developing frameworks and typologies. They are all united by one central question: How have algorithms and artificial intelligence changed communication, for both senders and receivers? We believe that the collection of topics and methods provide new insights into the different perspectives regarding algorithmic-driven communication—highlighting both the opportunities and challenges—and advance the literature with new findings, frameworks, and typologies.
Trabectedin in the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas: up to date data
Authors: Fedenko A. A. , Tararykova A. A.
Published: November 2021

Soft tissue sarcomas are a rare heterogeneous group of malignant tumors with mesenchymal nature. Soft tissue sarcomas accounts for less than 1 % of all cancers. Low efficiency of chemotherapy for soft tissue sarcomas, especially in advanced disease, is a burning issue. Trabectedin is one of the active agents approved for the treatment of advanced soft tissue sarcomas after the failure of standard chemotherapy. The article provides a literature review of the latest world-wide data of the effectiveness and role of trabectedin in the modern approach of soft tissue sarcomas treatment.