bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
More Realism in Conjoint Analysis
Authors: Dobney Saul , Ochoa Carlos , Revilla Melanie
Published: October 2017

The main goal of this research is to study the impact on the answers and data quality of making conjoint questions more realistic by introducing some randomised noise into the descriptions of the conjoint levels or by simulating the way an e-commerce website displays products. Conjoint analysis is an advanced market research technique commonly used to estimate preference share for products and services with different attributes and levels. A common criticism of it is in regard to the repetitive nature of the questions. In order to study this, an experiment was implemented in Spain using 1,600 respondents from the opt-in online panel Netquest. The respondents were randomly assigned to one of the following four conditions: classic conjoint design without noise (control group); classic conjoint design with some random textual and numerical noise added to the attribute level descriptions; conjoint simulating e-commerce display of products but no noise; and conjoint simulating e-commerce display and some random textual and numerical noise. The four groups were compared in terms of data quality, survey evaluation and substantive results. The results show a directional but not statistically significant improvement of quality of estimations. In terms of survey evaluation, even if the improvements are not systematic, there is a clear tendency for an improved evaluation when an e-commerce layout is used, but not when random noise is used. Substantive results are not affected.
El efecto Desdémona: feminicidio y apropiación de la voz de las mujeres
Authors: Bolla Luisina , Gómez Noelia
Published: October 2017

Los medios masivos de comunicación, entendidos como elementos activos de las tecnologías de género, ejercen un tipo particular de violencia simbólica en relación con el feminicidio, en tanto responsabilizan a las mujeres víctimas de sus propias muertes. Este mecanismo metaléptico se encuentra paradigmáticamente presente en la obra canónica de Shakespeare Otelo, la cual puede ser considerada un prototipo de feminicidio. La autoinculpación de la víctima, Desdémona, asesinadapor su marido, actualiza la voz masculina del autor, que hace hablar a la víctima produciendo la justificación del opresor. De manera similar, los medios masivos de comunicación actualizan la voz patriarcal en la construcción violenta de “Desdémonas” que “buscan su propia muerte”, apropiándose de la voz de las mujeres tanto individual como colectivamente.
Palabras clave: Feminicidio, Medios de comunicación, Apropiación, Desdémona.
Laura Restrepo y sus miradas al mal
Authors: Navia Velasco Carmiña
Published: October 2017

Pecado
Restrepo, Laura * (2016). Barcelona, España: Editorial Random House.
ISBN: 9788420419183. (396 páginas)
Corpus informáticos y prácticas de escritura académica en estudiantes de FLE de una universidad colombiana
Authors: Zuluaga Molina Juan Felipe
Published: October 2017

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación cualitativa que tenía como objetivo la identificación de la evolución en el desempeño en escritura académica a través de la utilización de corpus informáticos en un curso intermedio de FLE del programa Multilingua de la Universidad de Antioquia. Los datos fueron evaluados siguiendo las recomendaciones del enfoque de investigación-acción en el contexto educativo, más específicamente por medio del análisis de diarios de campo, cuestionarios dirigidos a los estudiantes, un grupo focal y una entrevista al profesor titular. Los resultados del estudio nos permitieron concluir que los corpus informáticos son herramientas eficaces para la escritura académica y que contribuyen en la interacción activa entre profesores y estudiantes mediada por las TIC. Así mismo, pudimos concluir que estos ayudan en la integración de las TIC en las diferentes acciones que tienen lugar en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de una lengua-cultura extranjera tanto en el interior del curso como por fuera de él.
Leer el mundo: Fortalecimiento de la alfabetización global de estudiantes de inglés a través de noticias internacionales
Authors: Gómez Rodríguez Luis Fernando
Published: October 2017

Este estudio de caso exploró cómo un grupo de cuatro estudiantes de inglés mejoraron su alfabetización global mediante la discusión de conflictos sociales emitidos por noticias internacionales como The New York Times, The Guardian y CNN. Esta experiencia se llevó a cabo en un club de conversación que el investigador creó para ayudarles a estos participantes a ser conscientes de la alfabetización global. Se recogieron datos de las opiniones críticas de los estudiantes sobre conflictos de poder, raza y género en diferentes culturas mediante notas de campo, diarios y un cuestionario. Los hallazgos indicaron que los participantes desarrollaron la competencia global cuando utilizaron la lengua extranjera para analizar temas de discriminación, odio y prejuicio en varias naciones. Esta investigación concluye que la incorporación de noticias en la educación de ILE puede preparar a los estudiantes para empoderarse como ciudadanos del mundo en una sociedad globalizada.
La definición en la lengua de señas colombiana (LSC)
Authors: Tovar Lionel Antonio
Published: October 2017

La lengua de señas colombiana (LSC) está experimentando un proceso de planificación lingüística para propósitos académicos, que gira básicamente en torno al enriquecimiento y modernización del vocabulario, con poca atención al nivel discursivo. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar la léxico-gramática de la definición en LSC. Primero se destaca la importancia de la definición en la ciencia. Luego se hace una presentación de la estructura de la definición en lenguas con una larga tradición científica, con ejemplos del español. Finalmente se presenta y analiza una muestra de definiciones producidas por sordos señantes antes y después de reflexiones metalingüísticas, para descubrir generalizaciones con respecto a la definición en esta lengua.
El espacio público en la ciudad: Una aproximación desde los precios hedónicos
Authors: Araque Solano Alex Smith , Gutiérrez López Julián Alberto , Quenguan López Lina Fernanda
Published: October 2017

Esta es una investigación aplicada al sistema de parques de Bogotá, la cual tiene como objetivo proponer un modelo econométrico de determinación del valor del suelo del espacio público. Dada la complejidad para valorar el suelo público, la investigación se desarrolla a partir de combinar las determinantes de la teoría de la elección social por medio del teorema de la imposibilidad de Arrow y el modelo de precios (haciendo énfasis en la estructura urbana). Frente a lo anterior, la Defensoría del Espacio Público de Bogotá ha obtenido, como principal resultado, la evidencia de que existe una alta valoración social del espacio público, poniendo como reto la incorporación de análisis económicos más refinados que describan las diferentes valoraciones que hace la sociedad del espacio público. Así mismo, se encontró que la presencia de espacios públicos en el contexto urbano influye altamente en la determinación de los precios del suelo privado.
Reconsiderando el papel de Rafael Reyes en la modernización urbana de Bogotá, 1904-1909
Authors: Suárez Mayorga Adriana María
Published: October 2017

El propósito del artículo es reconsiderar el papel cumplido por el presidente Rafael Reyes (1904-1909) en el proceso de modernización urbana de Bogotá, a la luz de lo sucedido en esos años en el seno de la administración local. Metodológicamente, el análisis se fundamentará en un examen de fuentes primarias y secundarias con el fin de comprender lo ocurrido en la ciudad desde una perspectiva multidimensional, es decir, correlacionando los cambios experimentados en materia urbanística con los factores políticos, económicos y sociales que permearon esa realidad. La conclusión principal a la que se llegó es que el centralismo dictatorial, instaurado durante el Quinquenio, subordinó la administración municipal bogotana a los intereses del poder central. Tal situación generó que en la época se emprendiera una lucha por la autonomía local que fue utilizada por la oposición para desprestigiar al régimen y propiciar la salida de Rafael Reyes al exilio.
Cali, ciudad región ampliada
Authors: Urrea Giraldo Fernando , Candelo Álvarez Andrés Felipe
Published: October 2017

Este artículo analiza un área de 28 municipios de dos departamentos; 14 del norte del Cauca y 14 del sur del Valle del Cauca, con polo principal la ciudad de Cali, resultado un proceso de larga duración desde el siglo XVIII. Las dimensiones analizadas a partir de la década de 1960 son las siguientes variables: caracterización de los municipios según su grado de urbanidad-ruralidad; composición étnico-racial del censo 2005; tasas de crecimiento poblacional de los municipios de la región entre 1964 y 2005, y 2016 con proyecciones demográficas; y migración de toda la vida y reciente en 2005. La metodología es estadística descriptiva con soporte cartográfico sobre el espacio analizado, según las variables mencionadas, identificando municipios receptores y expulsores de población de toda la vida y reciente, a escala regional y nacional. Lo anterior permite delimitar una región pluriétnica y plurirracial de municipios entre los departamentos del Valle del Cauca y Cauca como hinterlandde mayor proximidad a la ciudad de Cali.
Retos del posacuerdo: Violencia homicida y prácticas sociales violentas en la ciudad de Pereira
Authors: Martínez Herrera Luis Adolfo
Published: October 2017

Interpretar las lógicas de las violencias en contextos locales que han experimentado elevadas tasas de violencia homicida –como lo es la ciudad de Pereira- se constituye en una de las prioridades del Estado colombiano para alcanzar una paz territorial que sea estable y duradera. La sociología relacional de Pierre Bourdieu permite descentrar la mirada al fenómeno criminal y reconocer las lógicas estructurales que permiten su reproducción a través de prácticas sociales violentas institucionalizadas en el contexto local. Así, el análisis construido a partir de una investigación interinstitucional de corte cualitativo permitió reconocer las investigaciones construidas acerca de las violencias, pero también interpretar la existencia de un subcampo de la economía ilegal como el nodo articulador en el que confluyen agentes legales, ilegales y grises, y que han generado violencias endémicas de incalculables impactos.
Kreativitas Desain Kuliner dan Sistem Inovasi Lokal
Authors: Pialang Yasraf Amir , Darmawan Rully
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTÂ The development of creativity in a particular social group, class or community is higly deter- mined by certain capitals invested in the field of creativity: economic, cultural, symbolic and social. This research is an attempt to understand creativity as a part of particular socio-cultural setting, namely a â€˜field of creativityâ€™. By employing an ethnographic method, this research is an attempt to analyse the relationship between creative ideas and socio-cultural context in which the ideas are pro- duced. Through an intensive field research in local creative communities, this research concludes that creative ideas are higly determined by the comprehensiveness of creative fields: expression, produc- tion, dissemination and aprreciation. From these creative fields, three models of system of innovation can be proposed: an open system, liminal system and closed system.Â Keywords: creative idea,Â  field, innovation, capitalÂ Â Â Â ABSTRAKÂ Pengembangan kreativitas pada sebuah kelompok, kelas sosial atau komunitas sangat ditentukan oleh modal yang diinvestasikan dalam ranah kreativitas: ekonomi, budaya, sim- bolik dan sosial. Penelitian ini adalah upaya untuk memahami kreativitas sebagai bagian dari ranah khusus sosial-budaya, yaitu â€˜ranah kreativitasâ€™. Dengan menggunakan metode etnografi, penelitian ini adalah upaya untuk menganalisis relasi antara ide-ide kreatif dan konteks sosial-budaya di mana ide-ide itu diproduksi. Melalui penelitian lapangan yang intensif terhadap komunitas kreatif lokal, penelitian ini menyimpulkan, bahwa produksi ide-ide kreatif sangat ditentukan oleh kelengkapan sub-sub ranah yang membangun ranah kreatif: ekspresi, produksi, diseminasi dan apresiasi. Berdasarkan ranah-ranah kreatif ini, tiga model sistem inovasi dapat diajukan: sistem terbuka, sistem liminal dan sistem tertu- tup.Â Kata kunci: ide kreatif, ranah, inovasi, modal
Emprendimiento en Ecuador. Estudio de Caso: Provincia de Santa Elena
Authors: Valencia Cruzaty Lilia
Published: October 2017

El emprendimiento es una de las soluciones fundamentales que se tratan de estimular en la provincia de Santa Elena,Ecuador. Para la implementación de las políticas de apoyo, es importante contar con conocimientos sistematizados acercadel mismo y así, evitar la improvisación en su pertinencia. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo aportar un análisis quesirva de base a este empeño. Para ello además de consultas bibliográﬁcas, se realizan análisis documentales propios delEcuador y de la provincia de Santa Elena, que facilitan las valoraciones.
Economic evaluation of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among men-who-have-sex-with-men in England in 2016
Authors: Ong Koh Jun , Desai Sarika , Field Nigel , Desai Monica , Nardone Anthony , van Hoek Albert Jan , Gill Owen Noel
Published: October 2017

Clinical effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for preventing HIV acquisition in men who have sex with men (MSM) at high HIV risk is established. A static decision analytical model was constructed to inform policy prioritisation in England around cost-effectiveness and budgetary impact of a PrEP programme covering 5,000 MSM during an initial high-risk period. National genitourinary medicine clinic surveillance data informed key HIV risk assumptions. Pragmatic large-scale implementation scenarios were explored. At 86% effectiveness, PrEP given to 5,000 MSM at 3.3 per 100 person-years annual HIV incidence, assuming risk compensation (20% HIV incidence increase), averted 118 HIV infections over remaining lifetimes and was cost saving. Lower effectiveness (64%) gave an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of + GBP 23,500 (EUR 32,000) per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. Investment of GBP 26.9 million (EUR 36.6 million) in year-1 breaks even anywhere from year-23 (86% effectiveness) to year-33 (64% effectiveness). PrEP cost-effectiveness was highly sensitive to year-1 HIV incidence, PrEP adherence/effectiveness, and antiretroviral drug costs. There is much uncertainty around HIV incidence in those given PrEP and adherence/effectiveness, especially under programme scale-up. Substantially reduced PrEP drug costs are needed to give the necessary assurance of cost-effectiveness, and for an affordable public health programme of sufficient size.
The Immunoreactivity of Calbindin on Cerebellum Cortex and Hippocampus of Mice Brain After One Week Exposure To Radiofrequency Radiation.
Authors: Aryal Bijay
Published: October 2017

Background & Objectives:Radiofrequency radiation affects the calcium permeability and accordingly this induces pathophysiological changes in the brain and its subsequent output in the brain as tumor genesis, neural degeneration, and cognition or behavior changes. Hence, we investigated the effects of radiofrequency (RF) radiation on calcium binding proteins, reactive gliosis, and tumor genesis in mouse brain. Materials & Methods:Mice were exposed to radiofrequency radiation in the cage chamber with average specific absorption rate (SAR) of 1.6 W/kg and 4.0 W/Kg for one hour per day for five days. For histochemical studies, radiofrequency exposed brains were compared with sham control using calbindin D-28k antibody.Results:The immunoreactivity of calbindin D-28k, a marker for calcium homeostasis was found to increase in dose-response manner in hippocampus and cerebellar cortex.Conclusion:The short-term exposure to 835 MHz RF could induce disruption of calcium homeostasis and resulting neurobehavioral changes or brain tumor.
Prevalence of tobacco, alcohol and psychoactive drug use among the college students in Chitwan
Authors: Pradhan Manohar
Published: October 2017

Background & Objectives:Students of colleges may be vulnerable to consume tobacco, alcohol and psychoactive drugs due to various factors. This study was conducted with objectives of determining the prevalence of smoking, alcohol and psychoactive drug use among the bachelor level college students of Chitwan.Materials & Methods:This is a descriptive cross sectional study among the 132 bachelor level students at various colleges of Bharatpur, Chitwan district of Nepal. The students were chosen by purposive sampling. A standard pre tested questionnaire was used to collect the data.Results:A total of 90 (68.2%) were males and 42 (31.8%) were females. The mean age was 22.2 ± 1.7 years. Seventy four (56.06%) responded that they had never consumed tobacco in any form.The number of cigarette smoked ranged from one to 20, with a mean of 7.85± 4.94 years. Forty eight (36.36%) never consumed alcohol and (87.87%) had never used psychoactive drugs.The most common motivator of the use of smoking, tobacco and psychoactive drugs was curiosity.Conclusion:The prevalence of smoking among the bachelor level students participating in our study was 43.94%, alcohol consumption was 63.63% and psychoactive drugs use was 12.12%.
Coping and Changes in Arousal After Exposure to +Gz Load
Authors: Biernacki Marcin Piotr , Lewkowicz Rafal , Zieliński Piotr , Wojtkowiak Mieczyslaw
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND: Acceleration load causes several physiological changes that play important roles in pilot performance. One of the problems is determining individual factors responsible for the differences in changes in the level of central nervous system (CNS) arousal after exposure
to acceleration loads. We were interested in whether the coping style and anxiety as a trait might differentiate the subjects in terms of reactions of the CNS to +Gz load-related stress.METHODS: Examined were 31 male volunteers with ages between 23 and 30 yr. Measurements
were obtained under controlled conditions before, during, and every 2 min up to 12 min after centrifugation. The study was conducted using the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) and State Trait Anxiety Inventory. The value of Critical Flicker Fusion Threshold (CFFT) corresponded
to the level of CNS arousal.RESULTS: Two significantly different trends of changes in CNS arousal were identified: class 1 (higher level of fatigue following +Gz load) and class 2 (lower level of fatigue following +Gz load). Significant differences were observed
in CISS scores with Task-Oriented Coping value in class 1 (M = 65.94, SD = 5.47) being considerably greater than in class 2 (M = 62, SD = 4.37). For Emotion-Oriented and Distraction Coping, the mean value in class 1 (M = 29.53, SD = 7.72; M = 16.82, SD = 3.8) was significantly lower than in
class 2 (M = 34.33, SD = 6.68; M = 19.42, SD = 3.4).DISCUSSION: The nature of the changes in CFFT values over time is associated with coping style. Coping styles are very valuable in the prediction of CNS arousal caused by exposure to +Gz stress.Biernacki MP, Lewkowicz
R, Zieliński P, Wojtkowiak M. Coping and changes in arousal after exposure to +Gz load. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(11):1034–1039.
Femtosecond Laser-Inscripted Direct Ultrafast Fabrication of a DNA Distributor Using Microfluidics
Authors: Shin Hojun , Kim Hyojae , Jang Yeongseok , Jung Jinmu , Oh Jonghyun
Published: October 2017

A femtosecond laser can be used for single or multiple writing processes to create sub 10-μm lines or holes directly without the use of masks. In this study, we characterized the depth and width of micro-channels created by femtosecond laser micro-scribing in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) under various energy doses (1%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) and laser beam passes (5, 10 and 15). Based on a microfluidic simulation in a bio-application, a DNA distributor was designed and fabricated based on an energy dose of 5% and a laser beam pass of 5. The simulated depth and width of the micro-channels was 3.58 and 5.27 μm, respectively. The depth and width of the micro-channels were linearly proportional to the energy dose and the number of laser beam passes. In a DNA distribution experiment, a brighter fluorescent intensity for YOYO-1 Iodide with DNA was observed in the middle channels with longer DNA. In addition, the velocity was the lowest as estimated in the computational simulation. The polymer processability of the femtosecond laser and the bio-applicability of the DNA distributor were successfully confirmed. Therefore, a promising technique for the maskless fabrication of sub 10-μm bio-microfluidic channels was demonstrated.
Health Philosophy of Dietitians and Its Implications for Life Satisfaction: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Grace-Farfaglia Patricia , Pickett-Bernard Denise , White Gorman Andrea , Dehpahlavan Jaleh
Published: October 2017

Studies of health providers suggest that satisfaction with life is related to their values and sense of purpose which is best achieved when their professional role is in harmony with personal philosophy. Cross-sectional surveys suggest that personal health beliefs and practices of health professionals influence their clinical counseling practices. However, little is known about the influence of health philosophy on the personal satisfaction with life for dietitians. This study recruited a randomly selected, cross-sectional sample to complete a self-administered online survey. An exploratory factor analysis of was conducted for 479 participants resulting in a two-factor solution, clinical (α = 0.914) and wellness (α = 0.894) perceptions of health. An index score for the following valid and reliable scales were calculated: satisfaction with life, health conception, and healthy lifestyle and personal control. Pearson correlation coefficients between scores were analyzed to determine the degree of relationship. Potential mediators were explored with multiple regression. The relationships between variables were tested with structural equation modeling using a multigroup comparison between genders. The male participants were removed from the overall model and were separately evaluated. Health philosophy that is oriented toward wellness, was positively and significantly associated with life satisfaction, r(462) = 0.103, p < 0.05. Participants with higher Healthy Lifestyle and Personal Control scores reported greater life satisfaction, r(462) = 0.27, p = 0.000. Healthy lifestyle alone predicted 8.8% of the variance in life satisfaction (R2 = 0.088, df 1462, p = 0.005). SEM confirmed the model had goodness-of-fit (χ2 = 2.63, p = 0.453). The satisfaction with life of dietitians is directly and positively influenced by a greater wellness orientation and personal healthy lifestyle practices. The effect of practice and lifestyle on life satisfaction appears to be greater for men.
Concept of Vaporized Urea Dosing in Selective Catalytic Reduction
Authors: Sala Rafal , Bielaczyc Piotr , Brzezanski Marek
Published: October 2017

This work tried to identify the influence of dosing vaporized urea solution in a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system. In the SCR method, optimising the urea evaporation and mixing properties can significantly improve the NOx conversion efficiency in the catalyst. It can also exert a positive effect on the uniformity of NH3 concentration distribution across the catalyst face. The concept of an electrically evaporated urea-dosing system was investigated and it was found that urea pre-heating prior to introduction into the exhaust gas is favourable for enhancing NOx removal under steady-state and transient engine operation. In the urea evaporating system the heating chamber was of a cylindrical tube shape and the urea vapour was introduced into the exhaust by means of a Venturi orifice. The concept urea dosing was only a custom-made solution, but proved to be superior to the regular dosing system operating in the liquid phase.
Thermal Conductivity and Wear Behavior of HVOF-Sprayed Fe-Based Amorphous Coatings
Authors: Yao Haihua , Zhou Zheng , Wang Liang , Tan Zhen , He Dingyong , Zhao Lidong
Published: October 2017

To protect aluminum parts in vehicle engines, metal-based thermal barrier coatings in the form of Fe59Cr12Nb5B20Si4 amorphous coatings were prepared by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spraying under two different conditions. The microstructure, thermal transport behavior, and wear behavior of the coatings were characterized simultaneously. As a result, this alloy shows high process robustness during spraying. Both Fe-based coatings present dense, layered structure with porosities below 0.9%. Due to higher amorphous phase content, the coating H-1 exhibits a relatively low thermal conductivity, reaching 2.66 W/(m·K), two times lower than the reference stainless steel coating (5.85 W/(m·K)), indicating a good thermal barrier property. Meanwhile, the thermal diffusivity of amorphous coatings display a limited increase with temperature up to 500 °C, which guarantees a steady and wide usage on aluminum alloy. Furthermore, the amorphous coating shows better wear resistance compared to high carbon martensitic GCr15 steel at different temperatures. The increased temperature accelerating the tribological reaction, leads to the friction coefficient and wear rate of coating increasing at 200 °C and decreasing at 400 °C.
Rainfall Network Optimization Using Radar and Entropy
Authors: Yeh Hui-Chung , Chen Yen-Chang , Chang Che-Hao , Ho Cheng-Hsuan , Wei Chiang
Published: October 2017

In this study, a method combining radar and entropy was proposed to design a rainfall network. Owing to the shortage of rain gauges in mountain areas, weather radars are used to measure rainfall over catchments. The major advantage of radar is that it is possible to observe rainfall widely in a short time. However, the rainfall data obtained by radar do not necessarily correspond to that observed by ground-based rain gauges. The in-situ rainfall data from telemetering rain gauges were used to calibrate a radar system. Therefore, the rainfall intensity; as well as its distribution over the catchment can be obtained using radar. Once the rainfall data of past years at the desired locations over the catchment were generated, the entropy based on probability was applied to optimize the rainfall network. This method is applicable in remote and mountain areas. Its most important utility is to construct an optimal rainfall network in an ungauged catchment. The design of a rainfall network in the catchment of the Feitsui Reservoir was used to illustrate the various steps as well as the reliability of the method.
Upper Bounds for the Rate Distortion Function of Finite-Length Data Blocks of Gaussian WSS Sources
Authors: Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez Jesús , Zárraga-Rodríguez Marta , Insausti Xabier
Published: October 2017

In this paper, we present upper bounds for the rate distortion function (RDF) of finite-length data blocks of Gaussian wide sense stationary (WSS) sources and we propose coding strategies to achieve such bounds. In order to obtain those bounds, we previously derive new results on the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of WSS processes.
A Combinatorial Grassmannian Representation of the Magic Three-Qubit Veldkamp Line
Authors: Saniga Metod
Published: October 2017

It is demonstrated that the magic three-qubit Veldkamp line occurs naturally within the Veldkamp space of a combinatorial Grassmannian of type G 2 ( 7 ) , V ( G 2 ( 7 ) ) . The lines of the ambient symplectic polar space are those lines of V ( G 2 ( 7 ) ) whose cores feature an odd number of points of G 2 ( 7 ) . After introducing the basic properties of three different types of points and seven distinct types of lines of V ( G 2 ( 7 ) ) , we explicitly show the combinatorial Grassmannian composition of the magic Veldkamp line; we first give representatives of points and lines of its core generalized quadrangle GQ ( 2 , 2 ) , and then additional points and lines of a specific elliptic quadric Q - (5, 2), a hyperbolic quadric Q + (5, 2), and a quadratic cone Q ^ (4, 2) that are centered on the GQ ( 2 , 2 ) . In particular, each point of Q + (5, 2) is represented by a Pasch configuration and its complementary line, the (Schläfli) double-six of points in Q - (5, 2) comprise six Cayley–Salmon configurations and six Desargues configurations with their complementary points, and the remaining Cayley–Salmon configuration stands for the vertex of Q ^ (4, 2).
Multivariate Multiscale Symbolic Entropy Analysis of Human Gait Signals
Authors: Yu Jian , Cao Junyi , Liao Wei-Hsin , Chen Yangquan , Lin Jing , Liu Rong
Published: October 2017

The complexity quantification of human gait time series has received considerable interest for wearable healthcare. Symbolic entropy is one of the most prevalent algorithms used to measure the complexity of a time series, but it fails to account for the multiple time scales and multi-channel statistical dependence inherent in such time series. To overcome this problem, multivariate multiscale symbolic entropy is proposed in this paper to distinguish the complexity of human gait signals in health and disease. The embedding dimension, time delay and quantization levels are appropriately designed to construct similarity of signals for calculating complexity of human gait. The proposed method can accurately detect healthy and pathologic group from realistic multivariate human gait time series on multiple scales. It strongly supports wearable healthcare with simplicity, robustness, and fast computation.
A Novel Supervisory Control Algorithm to Improve the Performance of a Real-Time PV Power-Hardware-In-Loop Simulator with Non-RTDS
Authors: Kim Dae-Jin , Kim Byungki , Ko Hee-Sang , Jang Moon-Seok , Ryu Kyung-Sang
Published: October 2017

A programmable direct current (DC) power supply with Real-time Digital Simulator (RTDS)-based photovoltaic (PV) Power Hardware-In-the-Loop (PHIL) simulators has been used to improve the control algorithm and reliability of a PV inverter. This paper proposes a supervisory control algorithm for a PV PHIL simulator with a non-RTDS device that is an alternative solution to a high-cost PHIL simulator. However, when such a simulator with the conventional algorithm which is used in an RTDS is connected to a PV inverter, the output is in the transient state and it makes it impossible to evaluate the performance of the PV inverter. Therefore, the proposed algorithm controls the voltage and current target values according to constant voltage (CV) and constant current (CC) modes to overcome the limitation of the Computing Unit and DC power supply, and it also uses a multi-rate system to account for the characteristics of each component of the simulator. A mathematical model of a PV system, programmable DC power supply, isolated DC measurement device, and Computing Unit are integrated to form a real-time processing simulator. Performance tests are carried out with a commercial PV inverter and prove the superiority of this proposed algorithm against the conventional algorithm.
Lean Maintenance Applied to Improve Maintenance Efficiency in Thermoelectric Power Plants
Authors: Duran Orlando , Capaldo Andrea , Duran Acevedo Paulo
Published: October 2017

Thermoelectric power plants consist of a set of critical equipment that require high levels of availability and reliability. Due to this, maintenance of these physical assets is gaining momentum in industry. Maintenance is considered as an activity that contributes to improving the availability, efficiency and productivity of each piece of equipment. Several techniques have been used to achieve greater efficiencies in maintenance, among which we can find the lean maintenance philosophy. Despite the wide diffusion of lean maintenance, there is no structured method that supports the prescription of lean tools applied to the maintenance function. This paper presents the experience gathered in two lean maintenance projects in thermoelectric power plants. The application of lean techniques was based on using a previously developed multicriterial decision making process that uses the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology to carry out a diagnosis and prescription tasks. That methodology allowed the prescription of the appropriated lean techniques to resolve the main deficiencies in maintenance function. The results of applying such lean tools show that important results can be obtained, making the maintenance function in thermoelectric power plants more efficient and lean.
Noncontact Measurement and Detection of Instantaneous Seismic Attributes Based on Complementary Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition
Authors: Huang Yaping , Di Haibin , Malekian Reza , Qi Xuemei , Li Zhixiong
Published: October 2017

Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) is a popular method to analyze nonlinear and non-stationary data. It has been widely used in geophysical prospecting. This paper analyzes the mode mixing problems of empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and introduces the noncontact measurement and detection of instantaneous seismic attributes using complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition (CEEMD). Numerical simulation testing indicates that the CEEMD can effectively solve the mode mixing problems of EMD and can provide stronger anti-noise ability. The decomposed results of the synthetic seismic record show that CEEMD has a better ability to decompose seismic signals. Then, CEEMD is applied to extract instantaneous seismic attributes of 3D seismic data in a real-world coal mine in Inner Mongolia, China. The detection results demonstrate that instantaneous seismic attributes extracted by CEEMD are helpful to effectively identify the undulations of the top interfaces of limestone.
Grid-Connected Control Strategy of Five-level Inverter Based on Passive E-L Model
Authors: Li Tao , Cheng Qiming , Sun Weisha , Chen Lu
Published: October 2017

At present, the research on five-level inverters mainly involves the modulation algorithm and topology, and few articles study the five-level inverter from the control strategy. In this paper, the nonlinear passivity-based control (PBC) method is proposed for single-phase uninterruptible power supply inverters. The proposed PBC method is based on an energy shaping and damping injection idea, which is performed to regulate the energy flow of an inverter to a desired level and to assure global asymptotic stability, respectively. Furthermore, this paper presents a control algorithm based on the theory of passivity that gives an inverter in a photovoltaic system additional functions: power factor correction, harmonic currents compensation, and the ability to stabilize the system under varying injection damping. Finally, the effectiveness of the PBC method in terms of both stability and harmonic distortion is verified by the simulation and experiments under resistive and inductive loads.
Living Arrangements and Health-Related Quality of Life in Chinese Adolescents Who Migrate from Rural to Urban Schools: Mediating Effect of Social Support
Authors: Wu Haiyan , Wu Shan , Wu Haibo , Xia Qiming , Li Ningxiu
Published: October 2017

Changes in living arrangements (from living with, or not living with family) may affect the health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aimed to investigate the impact of living arrangement on HRQoL among adolescents migrating from rural to urban schools, and whether social support, in addition to living with a family, had an impact. A cross-sectional survey of 459 school adolescents was carried out in two public schools in Guyuan County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China in 2015. The survey contained the following questionnaires: a self-designed questionnaire, the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Of the 459 adolescents sampled (aged 15.41 ± 1.07 years with range of 13 to 18), 61.7% were living with family, and 38.3% were not living with family. Those students not living with families had lower Mental Component Scale (MCS) scores as well as less social support overall. Those students, who were not living with families, also reported more chronic health problems and more alcohol consumption compared to those students living with families. Social support was a statistically significant mediating factor on the effect of living arrangements on MCS. Our findings demonstrated that those students, who were not living with families, tended to have more health-related quality of life issues, but social support partially mediated the relationship between living arrangements and health.
Environmental Risk Assessment Strategy for Nanomaterials
Authors: Scott‐Fordsmand Janeck , Peijnenburg Willie , Semenzin Elena , Nowack Bernd , Hunt Neil , Hristozov Danail , Marcomini Antonio , Irfan Muhammad‐Adeel , Jiménez Araceli Sánchez , Landsiedel Robert , Tran Lang , Oomen Agnes , Bos Peter , Hund‐Rinke Kerstin
Published: October 2017

An Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) for nanomaterials (NMs) is outlined in this paper. Contrary to other recent papers on the subject, the main data requirements, models and advancement within each of the four risk assessment domains are described, i.e., in the: (i) materials, (ii) release, fate and exposure, (iii) hazard and (iv) risk characterisation domains. The material, which is obviously the foundation for any risk assessment, should be described according to the legislatively required characterisation data. Characterisation data will also be used at various levels within the ERA, e.g., exposure modelling. The release, fate and exposure data and models cover the input for environmental distribution models in order to identify the potential (PES) and relevant exposure scenarios (RES) and, subsequently, the possible release routes, both with regard to which compartment(s) NMs are distributed in line with the factors determining the fate within environmental compartment. The initial outcome in the risk characterisation will be a generic Predicted Environmental Concentration (PEC), but a refined PEC can be obtained by applying specific exposure models for relevant media. The hazard information covers a variety of representative, relevant and reliable organisms and/or functions, relevant for the RES and enabling a hazard characterisation. The initial outcome will be hazard characterisation in test systems allowing estimating a Predicted No-Effect concentration (PNEC), either based on uncertainty factors or on a NM adapted version of the Species Sensitivity Distributions approach. The risk characterisation will either be based on a deterministic risk ratio approach (i.e., PEC/PNEC) or an overlay of probability distributions, i.e., exposure and hazard distributions, using the nano relevant models.
Rural Road Extraction from High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images Based on Geometric Feature Inference
Authors: Liu Jian , Qin Qiming , Li Jun , Li Yunpeng
Published: October 2017

Road information as a type of basic geographic information is very important for services such as city planning and traffic navigation, as such there is an urgent need for updating road information in a timely manner. Scholars have proposed various methods of extracting roads from remote sensing images, but most of them are not applicable to rural roads with diverse materials, large curvature changes, and a severe shelter problem. In view of these problems, we propose a road extraction method based on geometric feature inference. In this method, we make full use of the linear characteristics of roads, and construct a geometric knowledge base of rural roads using information on selected sample road segments. Based on the knowledge base, we identify the parallel line pairs in images, and further conduct grouping and connection instructed by knowledge reasoning, and finally obtain complete rural roads. The case study in Xiangtan City of China’s Hunan Province validates the performance of the proposed method.
Understanding the Contribution of Zinc Transporters in the Function of the Early Secretory Pathway
Authors: Kambe Taiho , Matsunaga Mayu , Takeda Taka-aki
Published: October 2017

More than one-third of newly synthesized proteins are targeted to the early secretory pathway, which is comprised of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, and other intermediate compartments. The early secretory pathway plays a key role in controlling the folding, assembly, maturation, modification, trafficking, and degradation of such proteins. A considerable proportion of the secretome requires zinc as an essential factor for its structural and catalytic functions, and recent findings reveal that zinc plays a pivotal role in the function of the early secretory pathway. Hence, a disruption of zinc homeostasis and metabolism involving the early secretory pathway will lead to pathway dysregulation, resulting in various defects, including an exacerbation of homeostatic ER stress. The accumulated evidence indicates that specific members of the family of Zn transporters (ZNTs) and Zrt- and Irt-like proteins (ZIPs), which operate in the early secretory pathway, play indispensable roles in maintaining zinc homeostasis by regulating the influx and efflux of zinc. In this review, the biological functions of these transporters are discussed, focusing on recent aspects of their roles. In particular, we discuss in depth how specific ZNT transporters are employed in the activation of zinc-requiring ectoenzymes. The means by which early secretory pathway functions are controlled by zinc, mediated by specific ZNT and ZIP transporters, are also subjects of this review.
ZnT3 Gene Deletion Reduces Colchicine-Induced Dentate Granule Cell Degeneration
Authors: Choi Bo Young , Hong Dae Ki , Suh Sang Won
Published: October 2017

Our previous study demonstrated that colchicine-induced dentate granule cell death is caused by blocking axonal flow and the accumulation of intracellular zinc. Zinc is concentrated in the synaptic vesicles via zinc transporter 3 (ZnT3), which facilitates zinc transport from the cytosol into the synaptic vesicles. The aim of the present study was to identify the role of ZnT3 gene deletion on colchicine-induced dentate granule cell death. The present study used young (3–5 months) mice of the wild-type (WT) or the ZnT3−/− genotype. Colchicine (10 µg/kg) was injected into the hippocampus, and then brain sections were evaluated 12 or 24 h later. Cell death was evaluated by Fluoro-Jade B; oxidative stress was analyzed by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal; and dendritic damage was detected by microtubule-associated protein 2. Zinc accumulation was detected by N-(6-methoxy-8-quinolyl)-para-toluenesulfonamide (TSQ) staining. Here, we found that ZnT3−/− reduced the number of degenerating cells after colchicine injection. The ZnT3−/−-mediated inhibition of cell death was accompanied by suppression of oxidative injury, dendritic damage and zinc accumulation. In addition, ZnT3−/− mice showed more glutathione content than WT mice and inhibited neuronal glutathione depletion by colchicine. These findings suggest that increased neuronal glutathione by ZnT3 gene deletion prevents colchicine-induced dentate granule cell death.
Critical Congenital Heart Disease Screening Using Pulse Oximetry: Achieving a National Approach to Screening, Education and Implementation in the United States
Authors: Wandler Lisa , Martin Gerard
Published: October 2017

A national approach to screening for critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) using pulse oximetry was undertaken in the United States. Following the scientific studies that laid the groundwork for the addition of CCHD screening to the U.S. Recommended Uniform Screening Panel (RUSP) and endorsement by professional societies, advocates including physicians, nurses, parents, medical associations, and newborn screening interest groups were able to successfully pass laws requiring the screen on a state by state basis. Public health involvement and screening requirements vary by state. However, a common algorithm, education, and implementation strategies were shared nationally as well as CCHD toolkits to aid in the implementation in hospitals. Health Resources & Services Administration (HRSA) grants to pilot states encouraged the development of a public health infrastructure around screening, data collection, and quality measures. The formation of a CCHD NewSTEPs technical advisory work group provided a systematic way to tackle challenges and share best practices by hosting monthly meetings and webinars. CCHD screening is now required in 48 states, with over 98% of U.S. births being screened for CCHD using pulse oximetry. A standard protocol has been implemented in most states. While the challenges related to screening special populations and quantifying screening outcomes through the creation of a national data repository remain; universal implementation is nearly complete.
Creating Stakeholder Value through Risk Mitigation Measures in the Context of Disaster Management
Authors: Räikkönen Minna , Molarius Riitta , Mäki Kari , Forssén Kim , Petiet Peter , Nieuwenhuijs Albert
Published: October 2017

The resilience of critical infrastructure (CI) to extreme weather events (EWE) is one of the most demanding challenges for all stakeholders in modern society. Although partial risk reduction is feasible through the introduction and implementation of various risk mitigation measures (RMM), decision-makers at all decision-making levels are pressured to find ways to cope with the impending extreme weather and to have a thorough understanding of the EWE impacts on CI. This paper discusses how the value of RMMs can be created and assessed in a stakeholder network. Qualitative research methods, namely literature review and AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), were applied as research methods. The paper examines how disaster management and value creation both converge and differ from each other. It also presents a case study on the value of various RMM and the impacts of extreme winter conditions on electricity distribution in Finland. Based on the case study, the most important value criterion was the benefits of the RMM in economic, social, and environmental terms. At a fundamental level, the value of RMM should be expressed not only in terms of money but also in regard to safety, security, societal acceptability, CI dependability, and other typically intangible criteria. Moreover, the results reveal that the interrelationship of value creation and disaster management offers new insights to both approaches.
A Practical Example of GaN-LED Failure Cause Analysis by Application of Combined Electron Microscopy Techniques
Authors: Meissner Elke , Haeckel Maral , Friedrich Jochen
Published: October 2017

In this paper, we report a failure case of blue LEDs returned from a field application, and propose a practical way to identify the physical and structural reasons for the observed malfunction by a combination of different electron microscope techniques. Cathodoluminescence imaging and electron beam induced current (EBIC) imaging are employed in order to visualize conductive paths through the device in conjunction with subsequent energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDS), revealing a metal deposition along cracks in the semiconductor layer which short-circuit the device. We demonstrate that the electron beam induced current imaging, in conjunction with other microscopic and analytical techniques at µm scale, is a powerful combination for clearly resolving and visualizing the cause of failure in the GaN LED chip. However, this represents a case study of a real application, which may not have been generally observed in laboratory testing environment.