bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Effect of Stellar Activity on Low-resolution Transit Spectroscopy and the use of High Resolution as Mitigation
Authors: Genest Frédéric , Lafrenière David , Boucher Anne , Darveau-Bernier Antoine , Doyon René , Artigau Étienne , Cook Neil
Published: April 2022

We present models designed to quantify the effects of stellar activity on exoplanet transit spectroscopy and atmospheric characterization at low (R = 100) and high (R = 100,000) spectral resolution. We study three model classes mirroring planetary system archetypes: a hot Jupiter around an early-K star (HD 189733 b); a mini-Neptune around an early-M dwarf (K2-18 b); and terrestrial planets around a late-M dwarf (TRAPPIST-1). We map photospheres with temperatures and radial velocities (RV) and integrate specific intensity stellar models. We obtain transit spectra affected by stellar contamination, the Rossiter–McLaughlin effect (RME), and center-to-limb variations (CLV). We find that, at low resolution, for later-type stars, planetary water features become difficult to distinguish from contamination. Many distributions of unocculted active regions can induce planetary-like features of similar amplitudes in the case of a late-M dwarf. Atmospheric characterization of planets around late-type stars will likely continue to suffer from degeneracy with stellar activity unless active regions' parameters can be constrained using additional information. For the early-K star, stellar contamination mostly manifests itself through a slope at optical wavelengths similar to Rayleigh scattering. In all cases, contamination induces offsets in measured planet radii. At high resolution, we show that we can determine the origin of H2O and CO detection signals and lift the degeneracy observed at low resolution, provided sufficient planet RV variation during transit and adequate correction for the RME and CLV when required. High-resolution spectroscopy may therefore help resolve issues arising from stellar contamination for favorable systems.
An Infrared View of the Obscured AGN Environment in NGC 4945
Authors: Gaspar G. , Díaz R. J. , Mast D. , Agüero M. P. , Schirmer M. , Günthardt G. , Schmidt E. O.
Published: April 2022

NGC 4945 harbors one of the nearest active galactic nuclei (AGNs), which allows us to reach high spatial resolution with current observational facilities. The Seyfert 2 nucleus is deeply obscured by an edge-on disk with A

V
∼ 14, requiring infrared observations to study circumnuclear structures and the interstellar medium. In this work, we present an imaging and long-slit spectroscopic study of the nuclear region with a spatial resolution of 6.5 pc, based on Flamingos-2 (F2) and T-ReCS data taken at the Gemini South observatory. We report subarcsecond photometric measurements of the nucleus in J, H, and K
s filters, and at larger apertures. We do not detect nuclear variability. The nuclear spectra confirm that even in the K band the AGN emission-line features are completely obscured by dust. We detect a circumnuclear disk in the K band as well as in the mid-infrared N and Q
abands, with a radial scale length of ∼120 pc. The disk shows knots mostly in a ring-like arrangement that has been previously detected with Paα observations from the Hubble Space Telescope, indicating that these are deeply embedded, massive young star clusters. We present here the spectrum of one of the brightest unresolved objects (R < 5 pc), which we identify as a super star cluster candidate with

M

K

s

−
16.6
±
0.4

. For the circumnuclear region, a detailed rotation curve allows us to measure a nuclear mass of M = (4.4 ± 3) × 106
M
⊙ within a radius of ∼6.5 pc. We also report the detection of hot dust (∼1000 K) out to a nuclear distance of 80 pc measured along the semimajor axis.
A Coronal Mass Ejection and Magnetic Ejecta Observed In Situ by STEREO-A and Wind at 55° Angular Separation
Authors: Lugaz Noé , Salman Tarik M. , Zhuang Bin , Al-Haddad Nada , Scolini Camilla , Farrugia Charles J. , Yu Wenyuan , Winslow Réka M. , Möstl Christian , Davies Emma E. , Galvin Antoinette B.
Published: April 2022

We present an analysis of in situ and remote-sensing measurements of a coronal mass ejection (CME) that erupted on 2021 February 20 and impacted both the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO)-A and the Wind spacecraft, which were separated longitudinally by 55°. Measurements on 2021 February 24 at both spacecraft are consistent with the passage of a magnetic ejecta (ME), making this one of the widest reported multispacecraft ME detections. The CME is associated with a low-inclined and wide filament eruption from the Sun’s southern hemisphere, which propagates between STEREO-A and Wind around E34. At STEREO-A, the measurements indicate the passage of a moderately fast (∼425 km s−1) shock-driving ME, occurring 2–3 days after the end of a high speed stream (HSS). At Wind, the measurements show a faster (∼490 km s−1) and much shorter ME, not preceded by a shock nor a sheath, and occurring inside the back portion of the HSS. The ME orientation measured at both spacecraft is consistent with a passage close to the legs of a curved flux rope. The short duration of the ME observed at Wind and the difference in the suprathermal electron pitch-angle data between the two spacecraft are the only results that do not satisfy common expectations. We discuss the consequence of these measurements on our understanding of the CME shape and extent and the lack of clear signatures of the interaction between the CME and the HSS.
The Behavior of HgMn Stars in the Far UV -1: χ Lupi
Authors: Monier Richard
Published: April 2022

The analysis of nine high resolution SWP spectra of the HgMn star χ Lupi obtained through the large aperture recorded by the International Ultraviolet Explorer reveals that the far-ultraviolet flux of χ Lupi remained probably constant over a timescale of about 24 hr, i.e., about 25% of the recently determined rotational period. Whereas eight spectra have levels consistent with the average spectrum, one spectrum shows a lower flux by about 15%. This probably reflects an instrumental effect, possibly a loss of the flux (the star may have slipped outside the aperture for a fraction of the exposure). The available IUE data do not rule out variations in the FUV flux.
Analysis of factors influencing public attention to masks during the COVID-19 epidemic—Data from Sina Weibo
Authors: Hong Wei , Lu Xinhang , Wu Linhai , Pu Xujin
Published: April 2022

As we all know, vaccination still does not protect people from novel coronavirus infections, and wearing masks remains essential. Research on mask attention is helpful to understand the public's cognition and willingness to wear masks, but there are few studies on mask attention in the existing literature. The health belief model used to study disease prevention behaviors is rarely applied to the research on mask attention, and the research on health belief models basically entails the use of a questionnaire survey. This study was purposed to establish a health belief model affecting mask attention to explore the relationship between perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, self-efficacy, perceived impairment, action cues and mask attention. On the basis of the establishment of the hypothesis model, the Baidu index of epidemic and mask attention, the number of likes and comments on Weibo, and the historical weather temperature data were retrieved by using software. Keyword extraction and manual screening were carried out for Weibo comments, and then the independent variables and dependent variables were coded. Finally, through binomial logistic regression analysis, it was concluded that perceived susceptibility, perceived severity and action cues have significant influences on mask attention, and that the accuracy rate for predicting low attention is 93.4%, and the global accuracy is 84.3%. These conclusions can also help suppliers make production decisions.
«Wa kāna l-insānu akṯara šayʾin ǧadalan». Discusión y regateo con la divinidad en la tradición islámica
Authors: Buendía Pedro
Published: April 2022

En la literatura árabe islámica pueden rastrearse diversos textos en torno a personajes de la Historia de Salvación que pleitean o discuten con la divinidad, como Adán y Eva, Moisés, ʿUzayr / Ezra y hasta el mismo profeta Muhammad. Dichos textos, dispersos en diversas fuentes árabes medievales, representan la recepción fragmentaria y discontinua que la rica literatura de debate medioriental tuvo en el imaginario religioso islámico, desde los textos sumerios y acadios hasta el género literario hebreo de la disputa o rīb, así como la apocalíptica apócrifa judeocristiana.
Then, Now, Forever: Television Wrestling, Seriality, and the Rise of the Cinematic Match during COVID-19
Authors: Kröner Oliver
Published: April 2022

In April 2020, at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, the state of Florida classified professional wrestling (pro wrestling) alongside hospitals, law enforcement, and grocery stores as an essential service. The state’s decision made global headlines and was generally met with a mix of confusion and surprise. This article investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on contemporary television wrestling. After tracing the influence that the television medium and media convergence have had on pro wrestling, the article argues that the pandemic circumstances, coupled with the demands of television wrestling’s serialized storytelling, led to an evolution of a specific wrestling-match type: the cinematic match. Through a close textual analysis of wrestling programs that were produced without a live crowd during the COVID-19 crisis (e.g., WWE Friday Night Smackdown, Wrestlemania 36), this article examines how television wrestling—in an effort to appeal to its audience—produced a number of cinematic matches that combine distinct elements (e.g., editing, cinematography, sound) of genre filmmaking (e.g., horror, action) with the spectacular athleticism of pro wrestling.
Queer Seriality, Streaming Television, and She-Ra and the Princesses of Power
Authors: Cummings Kelsey
Published: April 2022

This article argues that queer seriality manifests as a unique feature of streaming media. Through an examination of the Netflix children’s show She-Ra and the Princesses of Power (2018–2020), a case study in both queer representation and format, I apply research on affect theory to understand streaming media via a framework of intimacy and queer identity. The article focuses on how streaming services produce affect in their viewers via the perspective of a queer theoretical framework. I argue that affect is produced in the intimacy of the streaming experience, drawing from television studies to consider how the domestic space is both celebrated and expanded by streaming media like She-Ra. The expansion of television from the solely domestic realm has important implications, not only for the economic functions of streaming media but also for their sociopolitical purposes. Specifically, queer seriality becomes a central framework through which we can understand the political potential of streaming media.
Assessing the Pandemic Impact on Students around Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Patrick Agulonye Uzoma Vincent , Bahago Samaila Benedict
Published: April 2022

The lockdown occasioned by the COVID-19 pandemic impacted child development. Some states in Nigeria made efforts to carry out remote learning for senior secondary schools, leaving behind those in the basic education category, namely Primary 1 to Junior Secondary School Class 3 (Elementary 1 class to 9th grade). The impact of this is examined through surveys administered to students and teachers across all levels. Teachers were specifically interviewed across all levels (primary, secondary, and university) to reveal the impact of the lockdown on the students and the school system. The interviews revealed beyond expectation that the economic impact of the country's macroeconomic situation led to job losses that moved families into poverty and exposed many children to extreme childhood poverty. The hyper-inflation in the country made educating children more difficult for struggling households. The lengthy time spent at home impacted all students including those who learned remotely. Infrastructural gaps, economic conditions, and poor access to basic amenities made it difficult for many children to study remotely. The excitement that accompanied the resumption to school (from the lockdown) was more social than educational. The economic impact on households weighed heavily on students, hence the slow post-lockdown recovery. Two years later, the effect lingers.
Mindset
Authors: Angelillo Emily
Published: April 2022

In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic changed lives throughout the world. The present study focused on the effect of these changes on college students in the U.S. Specifically, the study examined the relationship between students' ‘mindsets' (i.e., attitudes toward the malleability of intelligence) and their adjustment to online schooling. Results indicated a strong positive correlation – the greater the belief in the potential growth of intelligence, the better the adjustment from in-person to virtual instruction.
Introduction to Antihypergroups
Authors: Ibrahim Muritala Abiodun , Abdul Akeem Agboola Adesina , Hassan-Ibrahim Zulaihat , Adeleke Emmanuel O.
Published: April 2022

The process through which AntiAlgebraicStructures can be generated from any given classical structure is called AntiSophication. In this chapter, the authors introduce the concept of AntiHyperStructure and present some of its basic properties. It has been shown in our previous works that there are 19 types/classes of AntiHyperGroups. The chapter is devoted to the study of a particular class of these 19 classes, called a [2, 3] AntiHyperGroup, that is, a class in which associativity and reproductive axioms are totally false. Several examples and properties of [2, 3] AntiHyperGroup are presented. It is shown that the union of [2, 3] AntiSubhypergroups is a [2, 3] AntiHyperGroup and their intersection is not a [2, 3] AntiSubhypergroup. Also, it is shown that the Cartesian product of a [2, 3] AntiHyperGroup with any other class of AntiHyperGroup is not in general a [2, 3] AntiHyperGroup but its product with a classical Hypergroup/[2, 3]NeutroHyperGroup is a [2, 3] AntiHyperGroup. Further, it is shown that a [2, 3] AntiHyperGroup factored by a [2, 3] AntiSubhypergroup is a [2, 3] AntiHyperGroup.
Neutro Boolean Algebra
Authors: Debnath Somen
Published: April 2022

The main focus of the chapter is to generalize classical Boolean algebra by introducing the neutro Boolean algebra. In many real-life situations, researchers experience some evidence where the classical algebraic structure failed to address the issues. This leads to a new field of research, known as neutro algebraic structure and the anti-algebraic structure proposed in 2019. Like this, neutro Boolean algebraic structure is introduced to take care of the issues where the Huntington postulates of Boolean algebra are partially true and partially false. More precisely, in neutro Boolean algebra, the outcome of any given two elements under logical operations has three possibilities, such as appurtenance, non-appurtenance, or indeterminate. Finally, some fundamental definitions, theorems, and properties based on neutro Boolean algebra are proposed.
NeutroAlgebra and NeutroGeometry for Dealing the Heteroclinic Patterns
Authors: Singh Prem Kumar
Published: April 2022

Recently, dealing the heteroclinic data and its pattern finding has been considered as one of major concern for the researchers. It becomes more complex in the case of dynamic or periodic uncertainty in data. These types of data form heteroclinic orbit, which changes the space from equilibrium to non-equilibrium and vice versa. In this case, several parallel lines can be drawn from the given point to measure the indeterminacy, which is used to be find flight paths. It means these types of data do not follow the fifth law. To deal with them, following the NeutroAlgebra, a new geometry called as NeutroGeometry is studied in this chapter to characterize them based on Euclidean, non-Euclidean, and indeterminate zones.
AntiHyperstructures
Authors: Hariri Mariam , Anis Osman M. , Al-Tahan Madeleine Ali , Karabašević Darjan
Published: April 2022

AntiSophication is the process through which AntiAlgebraic structures can be generated from any given classical algebraic structures. The concept of AntiHyperStructures has been studied in previous work. The aim of this chapter is to study AntiSemihypergroups, AntiQuasihypergroups, AntiSubSemihypergroups, AntiHypergroups, and their properties. Some new definitions and theorems will be presented and supported by illustrative examples. In addition, the authors prove the existence of an infinite number of AntiSemihypergroups and AntiHypergroups.
Theoretical Study of the NeutroAlgebra Generated by the Combining Function in Prospector and Some Pedagogical Notes
Authors: Batista Hernández Noel , González Caballero Erick , Valencia Cruzaty Lilia Esther , Ortega Chávez Wilmer , Padilla Huarac Carmen Flor , Chijchiapaza Chamorro Selene Luz
Published: April 2022

NeutroAlgebras consist of algebras containing at least one NeutroAxiom. In the literature, there is a method for decision-making in a migrational situation that uses a NeutroAlgebra generated by the combining function in Prospector. This method is an important hit in showing both the utility and theoretical significance of NeutroAlgebras since it uses this abstract tool for solving a real-life problem. To the authors' knowledge, this is the only approach to NeutroAlgebras which is not exclusively theoretical. This chapter presents the rigorous mathematical proofs of the properties of that NeutroAlgebra because so far the theoretical approaches to the proposed method are minimal. The deeper mathematical knowledge of this specific NeutroAlgebra is a contribution to the general theory on this subject. The authors expect that this chapter will serve as dissemination of NeutroAlgebras among undergraduate and graduate students who may be interested in this issue.
NeutroGroups Generated by Uninorms
Authors: González Caballero Erick , Leyva Maikel , Estupiñán Ricardo Jesús , Batista Hernández Noel
Published: April 2022

NeutroAlgebras and particularly NeutroGroups are novel algebraic structures where at least one of the classical axioms is satisfied by not all the elements of the set. In the theoretical literature consulted by the authors, most of the NeutroGroups examples are obtained from the well known Z_n groups endowed with either product or sum operations. This chapter aims to propose a method for the generation of NeutroGroups in a simple and automatic way from uninorms, with special interest in uninorms based on combining functions in both Mycin and Prospector expert systems. The use of theses uninorms suggests the possible application of NeutroGroups in fields such as decision making as can be found in the consulted literature, as well as for Expert Systems, among others. NeutroGroups of finite or infinite cardinality will be generated, where the axioms of NeutroAsociativity or NeutroInverse are fulfilled, and also indeterminacy is symbolically included within this theory. One family of non-commutative NeutroGroups is proposed.
On Neutro-Topological Spaces and Their Properties
Authors: Basumatary Bhimraj , Khaklary Jeevan Krishna , Wary Nijwm , Smarandache Florentin
Published: April 2022

There is a lot of ambiguous information in the real world that crisp values can't manage. The fuzzy set theory was proposed by Zadeh. It is an age-old and excellent tool for dealing with uncertain information. As a result, intuitionistic fuzzy set theory was suggested. However, these theories are incapable of dealing with all forms of uncertainty, such as indeterminate and inconsistent data in various decision-making situations. To address this shortfall, Smarandache proposed the neutrosophic set theory by introducing a degree of indeterminacy as an independent component. In this current decade, neutrosophic environments are mainly interested by different fields of researchers. Recently, Smarandache introduced theNeutroAlgebra and AntiAlgebras. NeutroAlgebras and AntiAlgebras represent a new research subject that is based on real-world examples. In this chapter, some properties of NeutroTopological space are introduced and studied with examples. Several definitions of NeutroInterior, NeutroClosure, and NeutroBoundary are defined, and the authors also studied its properties with examples.
On NeutroAlgebra Environment for Image Retrieval
Authors: Salama Ahmed A. , Hariri Mariam
Published: April 2022

A NeutroStructure is a structure that has at least one NeutroRelation or one NeutroAttribute, and neither AntiRelation nor AntiAttribute. In this chapter, the authors review and study the NeutroAlgebra structure and introduce several operations and properties of algebraic equations for image retrieval, such as NeutroContent-based image retrieval. It is a generalization of classical and fuzzy algebraic structures for image retrieval. An explanation of the new particular processes is provided by several results.
Dialogue of Knowledge for the Consolidation of Territories Through Cultural Tourism
Authors: Santiago Escobar Milena , Dueñas Quintero Diana María
Published: April 2022

The dialogue of knowledge through cultural tourism in search of the consolidation of territories can help in the identification of the sociocultural diversity of local communities. The research focuses on identifying and interpreting the social, cultural, and tourist practices present in the territories in a way that facilitates the understanding of the individual and collective dynamics for the creation of strategies that establish guidelines of belonging in the different institutional interventions and provide spaces for the dialogue through strategies of social appropriation of knowledge. The content analysis reveals that there are some aspects of the initiatives studied that may be successful, but without the full participation of all the actors involved, discrepancies may occur in the results obtained, because they tend from assumptions of homogeneity of the populations, even overlooking the differences that the context provides in terms of the development of economic, social, and tourist activities.
Monitoring Sustainability Along Cultural Routes
Authors: Gasparini Maria Laura , Villalobos Valeria
Published: April 2022

The chapter describes the theoretical and methodological approach followed to develop the MED sustainable path and cultural route (MED S&C Path) model as a practical tool to monitor sustainable tourism development along cultural routes. In the framework of BEST MED (Beyond European Sustainable Tourism MED Path) project, the model aims at improving the management of cultural routes by assessing their sustainability level using a set of criteria and indicators. The implementation process of the model proposes a multi-stakeholder approach which contributes to higher levels of cooperation at local, regional, and transnational level, improving the governance of cultural routes. The MED S&C Path model responds to the concrete need of increasing the tools to measure cultural routes' social, economic, and environmental impact, in order to raise awareness among policy makers about their strategic role in sustainable local development, especially in rural and less-known areas.
Mapping the Cultural Tourism Experience
Authors: Mendonça-Pedro Rui , Valente-Pedro Cristina
Published: April 2022

The chapter focuses on the role of senses, emotions, and memories model (SEMs) to mapping a cultural tourism experience. Specifically, the results of the survey aimed to identify and assess the role of senses, the emotional states, and the memorable elements within the cultural and heritage tourism experience construction; to identify and assess the role of senses, the emotional states, and the memorable elements within the gastronomic tourism experience creation; and to map and model the relation between the SEMs in cultural and heritage tourism experiences and gastronomic tourism experiences. Results show that SEMs positively impact cultural and heritage tourism experience construction, SEMs positively impact gastronomic tourism experience creation, there are two clear paths to cultural and heritage tourism experience construction (between sight + joy + vividness = MTE and between sight + positive surprise + recollection = MTE), and there is one pattern to gastronomic tourism experience creation (between smell + taste + touch + positive surprise + vividness = MTE).
The Tourism Value of Terraced Fields Landscapes
Authors: Simancas Cruz Moisés , Cano Delgado José Juan , Cebrián Ramos Jorge , Flores Rodríguez Carlos , Gutiérrez Taño Desiderio , Martínez Díaz Eduardo , Peñarrubia Zaragoza María Pilar , Serrano Lara Javier
Published: April 2022

Due to the mountainous nature of the Island of La Gomera (Canary Islands, Spain) relatively little flat land is available. This has generated an impressive architecture of terraces with dry stone borders. However, the process of restructuring and readjusting rural areas, mainly due to the emergence of a new model of territorial development and the impossibility of mechanizing tillage, due to the very configuration and morphology of these terraces, have led to the abandonment of agricultural activity on the terraces, with the consequent decay and collapse of the dry-stone walls. This chapter sets out the strategy to develop tourism of the terraces in the north of the Island of La Gomera.
Promoting the Development of Local Communities Through “Touripilgrimage”
Authors: Marinho Raphael Campana , Azevedo Pedro , Pereiro Xerardo
Published: April 2022

This chapter offers a “touripilgrimage” that takes place on the Portuguese Way of the Interior of Santiago de Compostela–PIWSC and how such a phenomenon can add new and different experiences to the “turipilgrims” while helping to promote the development of the local communities inserted along the way. In accordance, firstly, there is the discussion of a theoretical framework associated to the role of local identity in the sustainable development of tourism. Additionally, there is debate about the transformations in the act of pilgrimage. Secondly, it follows a case study approach based on the PIWSC. The results of this exploratory analysis highlight elements that enhance the possibilities of increasing exchanges between locals and visitors in order to insert the visitor into the local context and the community to develop through the convergence of its endogenous attributes. The dialogue between the different local actors is essential to establish guiding strategies that will compose the dynamics of the communities.
Proactive Change Management to Enhance Supply Chain Resilience
Authors: Gurrala Kavitha Reddy
Published: April 2022

Modern supply chains (SC) are highly vulnerable to risks that evolve and cascade from internal or external disturbances. Additionally, resilience capabilities aid the SC to thrive against such challenges. Indeed, change management complements the resilience behaviour towards facing changes induced from SC disruptions and proactive change management strategies foster smooth transitions to facilitate faster recovery to steady-state conditions following future change events. Conversely, most SC employ a reactive approach to change management aiming at reducing the impact of disruptions already in place, consequently forcing the SC to instill, develop, and implement change capabilities in a chaotic fashion with reduced efficiency to infuse resilience capabilities for speedy and effective recovery from future disruptive events. Hence, an in-depth literature study is needed to leverage proactive change management processes for resilience enhancements within SC.
Supply Chain Planning to Achieve Resilience Capabilities
Authors: Sangaraju Sowmya , Ramakrishna Yanamandra
Published: April 2022

Supply chain resilience (SCR) has emerged as a buzz word during the COVID-19 pandemic situation. With the emerging digital technologies and methodologies, optimizing SCM has become the utmost priority for any organization to achieve the SCR capabilities. The pandemic has compelled organizations to rethink about their SC processes and perform risk analysis to achieve SC resilience. Regional diversification of vendors, proactive identification of potential risks, usage of digital technologies lead to increase in factors such as SC visibility, agility, and flexibility to develop SCR. This chapter develops a SC resilience model by linking the SC planning processes, strategies, and application of digital technologies to achieve capabilities of SCR by a business organization in a pandemic situation. The outcome of this research would be very useful to the industry practitioners and academic researchers in the SC area.
Supply Chain Resilience in Service Organizations
Authors: Attarwala Abbasi , Santhanam Balasbramaniam
Published: April 2022

Supply chain operations by means of manual systems are no longer economical. Though manufacturing sector organizations require supply chain systems in place to react to such events which will reduce the impact and quickly recover, the experience of service organizations, particularly hospitals and healthcare organizations, assumes crucial importance in the current context of the COVID pandemic. Kohinoor Hospital (KH) has become a leading multi-specialty tertiary care hospital since its commencement of services in January 2010. Data had been gathered for analysis from the primary sources/information provided by KH. The study of major crisis management like COVID-19 and resilience path is significant to formulate novel and innovative responses as part of competitive strategies to the hospitals and related to the healthcare sector. This study is highly relevant to researchers, industry practitioners/sector consultants, and policy makers in government.
Investigating the Influence of Supply Chain Practices on Healthcare Organizational Performance
Authors: Sathyavani Lakshmi , Vivek Sai Krishna , Karthik Sai Prasanna
Published: April 2022

This chapter attempts to expand the knowledge in healthcare supply chain by analyzing the impact of implementation of supply chain practices on the overall performance of organizations in healthcare industry through a systematic literature review. The study also develops an integrated healthcare supply chain framework by linking digital technologies and supply chain practices. This framework will act as a tool and add value to organizations in healthcare industry by specifically providing them with supply chain strategies to achieve improved organizational performance with digital technologies as enablers. The framework will attract special significance in view of the prevailing COVID-19 pandemic situation in which the healthcare sector has played a very vital and major role. It will also be helpful in improving healthcare systems in all types of countries, which is the need of the hour. A systematic analysis of published literature is adopted as the methodology to conduct this research.
A Structural Equation Modelling Approach to Develop a Resilient Supply Chain Strategy for the COVID-19 Disruptions
Authors: Mukherjee Subhodeep , Baral Manish Mohan , Chittipaka Venkataiah , Pal Surya Kant
Published: April 2022

Due to COVID-19, the supply chains were disrupted in many ways. This chapter aims to identify the strategies that can help the industries develop a resilient supply chain that can handle any kind of disruption. Five strategies are determined from the literature review. A questionnaire is being developed for survey-based research in four types of industries. The industries that are targeted are automobile industries, garment industries, steel industries, cement industries. For data analysis, exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modelling are used. In this research, an empirical investigation is carried out to present the research framework. All the proposed hypotheses are accepted, and the developed model satisfied all the parameters.
Pricing and Hedging of Weather and Freight Derivatives
Authors: Sekhar Satya Venkata
Published: April 2022

It is known that the entire physical activity of business faced several hurdles due to lockdown implemented phase-wise. The COVID-19 pandemic period has shown its impact on various sectors across the globe. One should keep in mind that there are no obstacles to online activity irrespective of political, legal, and environmental factors. During the last couple of months, the pandemic situation raised the need to assess ‘derivative' impacts, particularly weather and freight derivatives. All the business organizations face many problems in the shipment of their products and confusion about pricing. This chapter aims to appreciate issues and challenges relating to weather and freight derivatives' functioning in the present pandemic. The objectives are 1) to understand the genesis of weather and freight derivatives and empirical research in a global context and 2) to understand the impact of the pandemic situation on weather and freight derivatives.
E-Government Security and Privacy Issues
Authors: Shah Imdad Ali , Wassan Sobia , Usmani Muhammad Hamza
Published: April 2022

In developing technology, hackers are actively collecting personal information. To achieve their goals and acquire simple access to information about any individual, they use a range of methods and techniques. A privacy breach occurs when hackers gain access to complete information without the user's permission. Threats and dangers to security can arise for a variety of reasons, including technological flaws and targeted attacks. The government provides digital public facilities to people and the business community. Consumers have the expectation that e-government provides security and protects their data and personal information. Users have expressed concerns about their personal data privacy and safety. The main object of this chapter is to give strategies for IT specialists and e-government services because they need continuous improvement in privacy and security issues. The findings of this chapter may be useful to new researchers and may aid in the avoidance of security breaches and privacy issues.
Advancing Data Science, Data-Intensive Research, and Its Understanding Through Collaboration
Authors: Hudson Vitale Cynthia , Kennedy Mary Lee , Ruttenberg Judy
Published: April 2022

This chapter contributes to academic library institutions currently engaged in or formulating their strategy for engaging in data science. The chapter provides academic library institutions, and library and information science students, with a context in which to consider how they can collaborate locally and internationally to advance the use of data by scholars (students, researchers, and the public). Presented from the perspective of an association of research libraries, the chapter explores how, together, research libraries work with others to convene, inform, shape, and influence data science and data research policies and practices. The chapter provides examples of data and data science collaborations in teaching, learning, and research so the reader can identify specific skills and knowledge they may need or want to develop in order to collaborate, and they can learn about at least one existing or emerging type of collaboration they would like to explore further.
Applying Bibliometrics to Examine Research Output and Highlight Collaboration
Authors: Mani Nandita S. , Cawley Michelle A. , Dodd Adam , Hayes Barrie E.
Published: April 2022

Throughout the pandemic, research contributing to discoveries associated with COVID-19 has grown considerably. To help increase visibility of this integral body of research and illustrate the extensive organizational collaborations that help move this research forward, a library team utilized data science techniques to analyze COVID-19 research output. These analyses help to demonstrate how libraries can integrate data science expertise to showcase an institutions depth of research engagement and facilitate institutional, national, and global collaboration.
Transforming RDM Conversations Into Collaborations
Authors: Smith II Plato L. , Deumens Erik , Gitzendanner Matthew A. , Barnes Christopher P. , Zhang Ying , Johnston Chelsea
Published: April 2022

This chapter explores the development of university-wide research data management conversations and collaborations involving key stakeholders at a Research 1 (R1) higher education institution in the southeastern United States of America. Research data management conversations led to collaborations of several key stakeholders across campus (i.e., university, office of research, research compliance office, information technology [IT], researchers, academic units, library) resulting in the development of an inaugural Supporting Data Management at University of Florida (UF) Proposal to the Office of Research draft document in 2019. Funding agencies, research foundations, and research associations increasingly request plans outlining how scientific data from funded research will be annotated, managed, shared, and stored. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) new Policy on Data Management and Sharing becomes effective January 25, 2023. The authors employed a participatory action research method to explore evolving aspects of the data science ecosystem, including research data management.
Teacher Management of Pre-Primary School Children Learning
Authors: Suru Majiyd Hamis
Published: April 2022

Children learning are affected unpredictably by the objects they see around them and teachers' management of the scenario proximal to a child may have positive or negative consequences on reading, writing, and learning arithmetic skills. The chapter examines teachers' management of pre-primary school children learning to read arithmetic skills through visual media (VM) in selected pre-primary schools in Dodoma Municipality in Tanzania. Purposive sampling technique was employed to get five head teachers while random sampling was used to obtain nine pre-primary teachers from five pre-primary schools. Semi-structured interviews, observation, document reviews, and questionnaires were used to collect data. Pre-primary school teachers demonstrated frequent use of visual media in teaching and learning at pre-primary schools. Acquisitions of arithmetic skills by pre-primary school children were extraordinarily expressed through teachers' experiences. Inadequate classrooms were found to hold back the frequent use of VM in the teaching of arithmetic skills among pre-primary school children.
Progress of Electric Vehicles and Transformation of Supply Chain in the Japanese Automobile Industry
Authors: Nasuno Kimito
Published: April 2022

This chapter looks back on changes in the supply chain of the Japanese automobile industry and then examines its future. In the wake of Volkswagen's diesel fraud, the global automobile industry is moving toward abolishing internal combustion engine vehicles and switching to EVs (electric vehicles) as the environmental policies of each country join the battle for the initiative over next-generation cars. Industry members are in a hurry to gain the initiative. In EV, there is a belief that the horizontal division of labor in the supply chain will be promoted by eliminating complicated engines. Therefore, in this chapter, the author examined whether the vertical “KEIRETSU” or “KEIRETSU transaction,” a characteristic of the supply chain of the Japanese automobile industry, would be swallowed up by the wave of horizontal division of labor.
An Evaluation Model for Supplier Selection for European, American, and Japanese Automotive Companies
Authors: Su Yu-Shan , Wang Tien-Shou
Published: April 2022

Taiwanese suppliers lead the world in the fastener market. In 2014, exported fasteners from Taiwan amounted to USD 4.25 billion, ranking third behind Germany and China. Taiwan is an important location for the international procurement of fasteners. This chapter has three objectives. The first is to explore the evaluation criteria and their weights for fastener supplier selection for automotive companies and develop an evaluation model for fastener supplier selection. The second is to explore investment priorities and improvement for fastener suppliers for automotive companies to become qualified fastener suppliers. The third is to explore the differences in the supplier evaluation between European, American, and Japanese automotive companies and the differences in the investment and improvement priorities of being a supplier for the European, American, and Japanese automotive companies. This chapter fills the research gap for fastener supplier selection for European, American, and Japanese automotive companies.
CSR Initiatives in the Supply Chain of the Japanese Automotive Industry
Authors: Hatakeyama Hiromu
Published: April 2022

An automobile product is made up of tens of thousands of parts, many of which are procured from suppliers rather than manufactured by the automaker itself. Therefore, for automakers to steadily implement CSR initiatives, not only automakers but also all companies that make up the supply chain must promote such initiatives. Until now, existing studies have focused only on the efforts of companies such as automakers and suppliers and have not examined the efforts of industry associations, which play an extremely important role in the steady development of CSR initiatives in the supply chain. Therefore, this chapter examines the role and importance of the supplier-side industry association (JAPIA) in the development of CSR initiatives in the supply chain of the Japanese automotive industry. About CSR initiatives in the Japanese automotive industry, JAPIA's efforts have been extremely important in facilitating and ensuring supply chain initiatives. Thanks to the efforts of JAPIA, the Japanese automotive industry has been able to realize supply chain management in terms of CSR.
Supply Chain Models and Functions of Food Service Chains in Japan
Authors: Nakagawa Hitomi
Published: April 2022

This chapter discusses the supply chain management (SCM) of the foodservice industry in Japan. For a restaurant to grow by developing a chain and opening multiple stores, it needs a supply chain that links the central kitchen, manufacture and direct sales, and cold chain. Therefore, using Saizeriya, a major restaurant chain in Japan, as a case study, the authors identify Saizeriya's management strategy, supply chain model, and its functions. Although Saizeriya is in the restaurant industry, it has adopted the business model of speciality store retailer of private label apparel (SPA), which is prevalent in the apparel industry. In this study, the authors clarify how the company has improved the efficiency of its supply chain while controlling the effects of the rising costs of raw materials and logistics.
Investigation of Interfacial Microstructures of TiN/AlN Multilayers by Neutron Reflectometry
Authors: Liu Rong Deng , Liu Yun Tao , Li Tian Fu , Zhang Li , Wang Zi Jun , Sun Kai , Chen Dong Feng
Published: April 2022

Three alternate TiN/AlN nanostructured multilayers with the TiN layer thicknesses of 60, 70, and 120 Å and the AlN layer thickness of 10 Å were fabricated using dc reactive magnetron sputtering. Microstructural characterizations of the three nano-scale films were performed using nonpolarized specular neutron reflectometry. The results showed that the three TiN/AlN multilayer thin films were typical superlattice films and the thicknesses of the TiN layer and AlN layer in the multilayers were consistent with the design thickness nearly. The interface roughness was asymmetric in all the samples. The interface of AlN growing on TiN was much sharper than that of TiN growing on AlN and the latter was the diffusion interface in the TiN/AlN multilayer films.
Combined Use of Phosphoric Acid Modified Steel Slag and Protein Material for Retarding of Β-Semi-Hydrous Gypsum
Authors: Liu Yu , Yang Jia Hao , Zhao Feng Qing
Published: April 2022

Building gypsum has the disadvantage of short setting time and fast hardening characteristics. Based on the systematic experiments, a combined retarding system of phosphoric acid modified steel slag (3%, gypsum-based) and protein-based material (Sika 200P 0.005%, gypsum-based) is proposed. The initial setting time of gypsum is prolonged to 206 min and the final setting time is 221 min. The retarding effect for desulfurization building gypsum is significantly better than Sika 200P, and the cost is greatly reduced.
Surface Tension and Kinematic Viscosity of Multicomponent FeCuNbSiB Melt
Authors: Tsepelev Vladimir S. , Starodubtsev Yuri N. , V'yukhin Vladimir V. , Tsepeleva Nadezhda P.
Published: April 2022

This work investigated the surface tension and kinematic viscosity of the multicomponent Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 melt. A relationship was found between surface tension and kinematic viscosity, which manifests itself in a synchronous change in these quantities at temperatures of 1600 and 1780 K. In the temperature range 1600–1780 K, there is a sharp increase in surface tension upon heating and the same decrease upon cooling. The increase in surface tension during heating was explained by the appearance of a large number of free Nb atoms as a result of the dissolution of the residual crystalline phase in the mushy zone, and their diffusion to the melt surface. The drop in the surface tension on cooling below 1780 K is associated with the liquid–liquid structure transition (LLST), which stimulates the outflow of Nb atoms from the surface in order to form new stable clusters. The LLST manifests itself in a change in the activation energy of a viscous flow, which is higher in the high-temperature region and corresponds to the motion of larger clusters with a length scale of about 1 nm.
Effect of Tool Geometry and Turning Parameters on Cutting Force during Ultra-Precision Diamond Machining of Rapidly Solidified Aluminum (RSA) Alloy 6061
Authors: Odedeyi Peter Babatunde , Abou-El-Hossein Khaled
Published: April 2022

The most important goal of advanced diamond machining is to improve precision and product integrity. Cutting force could have a strong effect on diamond machining performance and hence, it can be used as an indicator for monitoring tool condition for achieving successful machining. Moreover, diamond machining process parameters such as cutting speed, depth of cut and feed rate may strongly influence the process outcomes in terms of surface roughness and tool failure. Diamond machining parameters have a significant role on the cutting force values, and machine-tool stability during ultra-high precision machining that makes use of a natural diamond cutting tool. The main objective of this research work is to investigate the effect of cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut and nose radius on the cutting force generated during diamond turning of a rapidly solidified aluminum alloy grade called RSA 6061. The effect of nose radius and cutting parameters on cutting force during the ultra-high precision diamond turning process was monitored. The study shows that low speed, low depth of cut and an increase in feed rate at large nose radius consequently results in increase in the cutting force.