bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ask the shark: Blackmouth catshark (Galeus melastomus) as a sentinel of plastic waste on the seabed
Authors: Sbrana Alice , Cau Alessandro , Cicala Davide , Franceschini Simone , Giarrizzo Tommaso , Gravina Maria Flavia , Ligas Alessandro , Maiello Giulia , Matiddi Marco , Parisi Antonio , Sartor Paolo , Sbrana Mario , Scacco Umberto , Valente Tommaso , Viva Claudio , Russo Tommaso
Published: March 2022

The presence of plastic waste in the marine environment has driven the scientific community to make significant efforts to study and mitigate its possible effects. One of the critical aspects is to determine if and how an increase in ingestion events may occur as a result of the accumulation of plastic waste on the seabed. In this study, G. melastomus is examined for its ability to indirectly provide information on the amount of macroplastics accumulating on the seafloor. Plastic ingestion is explored by describing the feeding habits of the species, which have the potential to provide very useful information regarding biological or ecological issues. The diet of G. melastomus mainly consisted of cephalopods, bathypelagic fishes, and decapod crustaceans, increasing in diversity during growth. The generalist-opportunistic feeding behaviour of this species leads to the incidental ingestion of plastic particles (N= 47, with a mean (± SD) of 1.47 ± 0.28 per specimen) which can be indirectly associated to the presence of macroplastics on the seafloor. Indeed, our results indicate a significant relationship between the amount of macroplastics present on the seabed and the frequency of ingestion of plastic particles by blackmouth catshark. We propose G. melastomus as an excellent candidate for developing a valid monitoring strategy for the presence of plastics on the seabed, as requested by the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive.
Acinetobacter Baumannii Response to Cefiderocol Challenge in Human Urine
Authors: Nishimura Brent , Escalante Jenny , Tuttobene Marisel R. , Subils Tomás , Mezcord Vyanka , Pimentel Camila , Georgeos Nardin , Pasteran Fernando , Rodriguez Cecilia , Actis Luis A. , Tolmasky Marcelo E. , Bonomo Robert A. , Ramirez María Soledad
Published: March 2022

Cefiderocol (CFDC) is a novel chlorocatechol-substituted siderophore cephalosporin, approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating complicated urinary tract infections and for hospital-acquired and ventilator-acquired pneumonia. In previous work, human serum, human serum albumin,HSA, and human pleural fluid, HPF, were shown to increase the minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) of Acinetobacter baumannii against CFDC. These fluids are also associated with a reduction in the expression of genes related to iron uptake systems, which could explain the need for higher concentrations of CFDC to exert inhibitory action. Herein, we analyzed the impact of human urine (HU), which contains low albumin concentrations, on the expression of iron-uptake related genes and MIC values of two carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii. Levels of resistance to CFDC were not modified by HU in strain AMA40 but were reduced in the case of strain AB5075. Testing other carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates showed that the CFDC MICs were unmodified or reduced in the presence of HU. The expression of piuA, pirA, bauA, and bfnH determined by qRT-PCR was enhanced in both strains when HU was present in the culture medium. All four tested genes are involved in recognizing ferric siderophore complexes or internalization into the cell’s cytosol. In contrast, the effect of HU on genes associated with resistance to β-lactams, antibiotics commonly used to treat urinary tract infections caused by A. baumannii, was variable; the transcriptional analysis of pbp1, pbp3, blaOXA−51−like, blaADC, and blaNDM−1 showed significant variation. In summary, HU, probably due to the albumin and free iron content, does not adversely impact or slightly improves the activity of CFDC when tested against A. baumannii in urine in contrast to other human bodily fluids.
Selective Sphingosine-1-phosphate Receptor 1 Modulator Attenuates Blood–brain Barrier Disruption Following Traumatic Brain Injury by Inhibiting Vesicular Transcytosis
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Wang Lin , Pan Qiuling , Yang Xiaomin , Cao Yunchuan , Yan Jin , Wang Yingwen , Tao Yihao , Fan Runjin , Sun Xiaochuan , Li Lin
Published: March 2022

BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) provokes secondary pathological damage, such as damage to the blood–brain barrier (BBB), ischaemia and inflammation. Major facilitator superfamily domain-containing 2a (Mfsd2a) has been demonstrated to be critical in limiting the increase in BBB vesicle transcytosis following brain injury. Recent studies suggest that a novel and selective modulator of the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1), CYM-5442, maintains the integrity of the BBB by restricting vesicle transcytosis during acute ischaemic stroke. In the current study, we investigated whether CYM-5442, evaluated in a short-term study, could protect the brains of mice with acute-stage TBI by reversing the increase in vesicle transport due to reduced mfsd2a expression after TBI.MethodsWe used the well-characterized model of TBI caused by controlled cortical impact. CYM-5442 (0.3, 1, 3 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected 30 min after surgery for 7 consecutive days. To investigate the effect of CYM-5442 on vesicle transcytosis, we downregulated and upregulated Mfsd2a expression using a specific AAV prior to evaluation of the TBI model. MRI scanning, cerebral blood flow, circulating blood counts, ELISA, TEM, WB, and immunostaining evaluations were performed after brain injury.ResultsCYM-5442 significantly attenuated neurological deficits and reduced brain oedema in TBI mice. CYM-5442 transiently suppressed lymphocyte trafficking but did not induce persistent lymphocytopenia. After TBI, the levels of Mfsd2a were decreased significantly, while the levels of CAV-1 and albumin were increased. In addition, Mfsd2a deficiency caused inadequate sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) transport in the brain parenchyma, and the regulation of BBB permeability by Mfsd2a after TBI was shown to be related to changes in vesicle transcytosis. Downregulation of Mfsd2a in mice markedly increased the BBB permeability, neurological deficit scores, and brain water contents after TBI. Intervention with CYM-5442 after TBI protected the BBB by significantly reducing the vesicle transcytosis of cerebrovascular endothelial cells.ConclusionIn addition to transiently suppressing lymphocytes, CYM-5442 alleviated the neurological deficits, cerebral edema and protective blood–brain barrier permeability in TBI mice by reducing the vesicle transcytosis of cerebrovascular endothelial cells.
A cowpea severe mosaic virus-based vector bolsters virus-induced gene silencing and foreign protein expression in soybean
Authors: Zaulda Fides Angeli , Yang Seung Hyun , Han Junping , Mlotshwa Sizolwenkosi , Dorrance Anne , Qu Feng
Published: March 2022

Background: Soybean gene functions cannot be easily interrogated through transgenic disruption (knock-out) of genes-of-interest, or transgenic overexpression of proteins-of-interest, because soybean transformation is time-consuming and technically challenging. An attractive alternative is to administer transient gene silencing or overexpression with a plant virus-based vector. However, existing virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and/or overexpression vectors suitable for soybean have various drawbacks that hinder their widespread adoption. Results: We describe the development of a new vector based on cowpea severe mosaic virus (CPSMV), a plus-strand RNA virus with its genome divided into two RNA segments, RNA1 and RNA2. This vector, designated FZ, incorporates a cloning site in the RNA2 cDNA, permitting insertion of nonviral sequences. When paired with an optimized RNA1 construct, FZ readily infects both Nicotiana benthamiana and soybean. As a result, FZ constructs destined for soybean can be first delivered to N. benthamiana in order to propagate the modified viruses to high titers. FZ-based silencing constructs induced robust silencing of phytoene desaturase genes in N. benthamiana, multiple soybean accessions, and cowpea. Meanwhile, FZ supported systemic expression of fluorescent proteins mNeonGreen and mCherry in N. benthamiana and soybean. Finally, FZ-mediated expression of the Arabidopsis transcription factor MYB75 caused N. benthamiana to bear brown leaves and purple, twisted flowers, indicating that MYB75 retained the function of activating anthocyanin synthesis pathways in a different plant. Conclusions: The new CPSMV-derived FZ vector provides a convenient and versatile soybean functional genomics tool that is expected to accelerate the characterization of soybean genes controlling crucial productivity traits.
Head‑to‑head assessment of 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT vs 18 F-FDG PET/CT in fibroblastic tumors
Authors: Zhang Annan , Meng Xiangxi , yao Yan , Zhou Xin , Zhang Yan , Li Nan
Published: March 2022

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT versus 18F-FDG PET/CT in the application of fibroblastic tumors.Methods: Twenty patients with 6 subtypes of fibroblastic tumors prospectively underwent 18F-FDG and 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT examinations to evaluate the lesions. PET/CT findings were confirmed by surgical pathology, puncture biopsy, or imaging follow-up. Two independent sample t tests were used to compare the uptake of 18F-FDG vs. 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 in primary, recurrent and metastatic lesions. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the uptake of 18F-FDG or 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 among primary, recurrent, and metastatic lesions. The uptake of 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 vs. 18F-FDG in different histopathological lesions was compared by two independent sample t tests.Results: Twenty patients were finally confirmed to have 38 lesions. Although there was no significant difference in the detection of all lesions between 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and 18F-FDG PET/CT (38 vs. 36, p=0.493), the uptake of 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 in lesions was significantly higher than that of 18F-FDG (p<0.001), including primary (p<0.001), recurrent (p=0.018) and metastatic (p<0.001) lesions. The SUVmax of 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 in primary and recurrent lesions was higher than that in metastasis (p=0.034 and p=0.015, respectively). The SUVmax of 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 in primary and recurrent malignant lesions was significantly higher than that of the intermediate (p<0.001). The SUVmax of 18F-FDG in solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) was significantly lower than that in non-SFT lesions (p=0.029). The SUVmax of 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 in one case of recurrent SFT with 5 lesions was significantly lower after treatment than before treatment (p =0.016).Conclusion: 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 outperformed 18F-FDG PET/CT in displaying the primary, recurrent and metastatic lesions of fibroblastic tumors. 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT may also show potential value for judging the nature and monitoring the therapeutic response of tumors.
Two miRNAs Efficiently Reprogram Human Fibroblasts into SST Interneurons
Authors: Gu Xi , Wang Junhao , Jiang Xiaodan
Published: March 2022

Many neurological disorders stem from defects in or the loss of specific neurons. Dysfunction of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic interneurons may cause a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders such as epilepsy, autism, Alzheimer's disease and depression. Unlike other types of neurons, which can be generated relative easily by direct reprogramming, it is difficult to generate GABAergic neurons by traditional methods. Neuronal transdifferentiation of fibroblasts mediated by nongenomic-integrate adenovirus has many advantages, but the efficiency is low, and there is a lack of studies using human cells as the initial martials. In this study, we explored the feasibility of conversion of human fibroblasts into neurons through adenovirus-mediated gene expression, and found that by introducing two microRNAs, miR-124 and let-7, can effectively generate GABAergic neuron-like cells from human neonatal fibroblasts without reverting to a progenitor cell stage. Most of these cells expressed neuronal markers and were all somatostatin (SST) positive cells. Therefore, our study provides a relatively safe and efficient method to generate SST interneurons.
A New Marker Constructed From Immune-related lncRNA Pairs Can be Used to Predict Clinical Treatment Effects and Prognosis: in-depth Exploration of Underlying Mechanisms in HNSCC
Authors: Fan Xin , Zhong Yun , Yan Yujie , Li Jiaqi , Xie Fei , Zhang Zhiyuan
Published: March 2022

Background: LncRNA plays a vital role in tumor proliferation, migration, and treatment. Since it is difficult for the gene expression levels detected by different platforms to reach the same standard, the signatures composed of many immune-related single lncRNAs are still inaccurate. Using two immune-related lncRNAs to form a gene pair and cleverly assigning values can effectively meet the demand for a higher-accuracy dual biomarker combination. Methods: Co-expression and differential expression analysis were performed on immune genes and lncRNAs data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the ImmPort database to obtain differentially expressed immune-related lncRNAs for pairwise pairing. The prognostic-related differentially expressed immune-related lncRNAs (PR-DE-irlncRNAs) pairs were then identified by univariate cox regression and used for lasso regression to create a prognostic model. Various methods were used to validate the predictive prognostic performance of the model. We also explored the potential guiding value of the model in immunotherapy and chemotherapy and constructed a nomogram suitable for efficient prognosis prediction. Mechanistic exploration of anti-tumor immunity and mutational perspectives are also included. We also analyzed the correlation between the model and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)-related, m6a-related, and multidrug resistance genes. Results: We used a total of 20 PR-DE-irlncRNAs pairs to create a prognosis model. Various methods have verified the model's excellent performance in predicting the prognosis of patients. We reasoned that lncRNAs/ TP53 mutation might play a positive/ negative anti-tumor role through the immune system through multi-perspective analysis. Finally, the prognostic model has been found to be closely related to immunotherapy and chemotherapy and the expression of ICIs/M6A/multidrug resistance-related genes.Conclusion: The prognostic model has an excellent performance in predicting the prognosis of patients, as well as the potential value of practical guidance for treatment.
Ocean-wave phenomenon around Japan Island due to the 2022 Tonga eruption observed by the wide and dense ocean-bottom pressure gauge networks
Authors: Kubo Hisahiko , Kubota Tatsuya , Suzuki Wataru , Aoi Shin , Sandanbata Osamu , Chikasada Naotaka , Ueda Hideki
Published: March 2022

Ocean-bottom pressure gauges of wide and dense ocean-bottom observation networks in Japan, S-net and DONET, observed ocean waves due to the Tonga eruption that occurred at approximately 13:00 JST (UTC + 9) on January 15, 2022. We scrutinized their waveform records to clarify the nature of the arriving ocean waves, and found two significant disturbances between 20:00–21:00 and after 22:00. The first disturbance with a positive-polarity pulse and significant long-period components (1000–3000 s) arrived at S-net and DONET stations between 20:00–21:00 from the southeast, corresponding to the direction of the great circle of Tonga as seen from Japan. This arrival was much earlier than expected for a direct tsunami from the volcano and can be explained by assuming the propagation along the great circle path between Japan and Tonga at a velocity of approximately 300 m/s. After 22:00, significant phases dominated by relatively shorter period components (< 1000 s) arrived from the southeast direction in both observation networks. In DONET, another phase arrived from the south-southeast direction at approximately 23:30 with significant shorter period components (approximately 500 s). Most of the near-trench S-net stations recorded a peak amplitude during the first disturbance, whereas the near-coast S-net stations and DONET stations observed their peak after 22:00. The amplitudes of ocean-bottom pressure change were amplified as the water depth decreases. This amplification behavior differed between the first and second disturbances, and it may have been caused by differences in the dominant period of the arriving ocean waves, as well as differences in their generation mechanisms. This study also found several arrivals of air-wave disturbances that were correlated with the ocean-wave phases, which implies that the multiple disturbances of ocean-bottom pressure were generated by the interactions of several atmospheric pressure waves following the 2022 Tonga eruption with ocean waves.
KMT2E haploinsufficiency manifests autistic-like phenotypes and amygdala abnormality in mice
Authors: Li Yuan-Jun , Li Chun-Yan , Li chunyang , Hu Dian-Xing , Xv Zhi-Bo , Zhang Shu-Han , Li Qiang , Zhang Pei , Lan Xiao-Li , Chen Xiao Qian
Published: March 2022

Background
The high heritability and heterogeneity of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are fundamentally determined by its varying genetic alterations including over 100 confident ASD-risk genes/genomic regions. Lysine Methyltransferase 2E (KMT2E, also named MLL5), a distinct chromatin/transcription regulator, is recently identified as a confident ASD-risk gene with germline de novo mutations in ASD probands. Clarifying the function and mechanism of KMT2E haploinsufficiency in ASD-like behaviours is important for the comprehensive understanding of ASD pathogenesis.
Methods
A CRISPR/Cas9-based mouse model of KMT2E (i.e., MLL5) deficiency (reading frame shift followed by a stop codon induction in exon 3) was used to characterize and define behavioural, metabolic and neuroanatomical phenotypes of ASD-linked loss-of-function mutation in KMT2E. Social/motor/repetitive behaviours and anxiety/anhedonia-like behaviours were determined in adult KMT2E+/− mice. Small-animal PET/CT was used to measure and analyse regional glycometabolic alterations in whole brain. Cerebral Cortical sizes and neuronal size/number in cortex/amygdala were measured. Spatial-temporal expression of KMT2E in developing human brain was analysed by using RNA-seq data from BrainSpan Atlas of Developing Human Brain.
Results
Adult KMT2E+/− haploinsufficiency mice exhibited robust social deficits in two/three-chamber behavioural paradigms, increased repetitive grooming/jumping behaviour, anxiety in open-field test and anhedonia in sucrose-preference test. 18F-FDG-PET/CT identified a selective reduction of glucose metabolism in amygdala and striatum in KMT2E+/− mice. Morphologically, cerebral cortical size was decreased while neuronal soma size/numbers in amygdala subregions were prominently increased in KMT2E+/− mice. Female and male mice were affected similarly by KMT2E haploinsufficiency. Bioinformatics showed that KMT2E mRNA levels were significantly decreased after birth in human brain overall and various subregions including amygdala and striatum.
Limitations:
The behaviour, metabolic and morphological analyses were performed in adult mice but not in other developmental stages due to the low fertility of KMT2E+/− mice. The effect of KMT2E knockdown or knockout on neuronal development is not verified at cellular level in vitro.
Conclusions
KMT2E haploinsufficiency is sufficient for causing sustained ASD-like social behaviours that is highly associated to amygdala malfunction. KMT2E+/− mice may serve as a valuable diagnostic/therapeutic ASD-model for related ASD subgroups.
Acute toxicity of three herbicide formulations in Astyanax altiparanae (Characiformes, Characidae), an emerging Neotropical fish model species
Authors: Yasui George Shigueki , Rocha Nathalia R. A. , Freato Thiago A. , Filho José T. , Barbosa Admilson C. , Lázaro Talita M. , Schade Gabriel M. , Carvalho Gabriella B. , Oliveira Carlos A. F. , Senhorini José A. , Monzani Paulo S
Published: March 2022

Agricultural herbicide usage leads to the contaminating of aquatic ecosystems exposing aquatic organisms to toxic compounds. Herbicides may affect fish at different stages of development, such as gamete, embryonic early development, and mature adult. Sperm, embryos, and adult of Astyanax altiparanae were used to evaluate the detrimental effects of three herbicide formulations: glyphosate, imazapyr, and diquat. The LC50 values for adults using glyphosate and imazapyr were 2.99 mg/L and 4.17 mg/L, respectively, while diquat was impossible to assess. For the initial stages of development of embryos, the LC50 values for glyphosate, imazapyr, and diquat were 15.73 µg/L, 8.48 µg/L, and 0.96 µg/L, respectively. Inhibition of sperm motility was observed at concentrations of 240 µg/L for glyphosate, 125 µg/L for imazapyr, and 10 mg/L for diquat. Sperm viability measurements were taken at 96 µg/L for glyphosate, 30 µg/L for imazapyr, and 1.3 mg/L for diquat, observed 63.6%, 65.1%, and 62.9% of sperm viability, respectively, in comparison with 87.5% detected in control without herbicides. Astyanax altiparanae in different phases of development exhibited different sensitivities to the herbicide formulations investigated. Roundup Transorb® was a more toxic herbicide for adult individuals, while Reglone® was the most toxic for early embryonic development and Arsenal® NA for sperm motility. The initial stages of embryo development of Astyanax altiparanae were the phase more sensitive for the toxicological effects of herbicides, being the stage more appropriate to the toxicological studies of herbicides. A. altiparanae may be considered an emerging fish model for toxicological studies in the Neotropical region due to its wide distribution and biological characteristics.
Variations in Gut Fungal Communities between Anser erythropus Wintering at Shengjin and Caizi Lakes,China
Authors: Liu Gang , Xu Na , Feng Jiahui , Gong Zhizhong
Published: March 2022

Background：Gut microbiota play major roles in host nutrition and metabolism, but can also cause serious diseases among animals and humans. Recent studies have focused on gut bacterial diversity in migratory waterbirds; however, little information about their gut fungal communities has been reported.Results: In this study, we investigated the gut fungal communities of Anser erythropus wintering at either Shengjin Lake or Caizi Lake, China, using high-throughput sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene region. The operational taxonomic units (OTUs) from the Shengjin Lake geese represented seven phyla and 27 classes; those from the Caizi Lake geese comprised seven phyla and 28 classes. Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Zygomycota, and Rozellomycota were the dominant gut fungal phyla. Gut fungal community composition showed dramatic differences between the two populations. The Shengjin Lake geese ate mainly Poaceae spp., whereas the Caizi Lake geese ate mainly Carex spp., suggesting that different diets may induce variation in gut fungal communities between these populations. Additionally, nine potentially pathogenic species were identified across all samples, and their relative abundances were significantly higher in the Shengjin Lake samples than the Caizi Lake samples.Conclusions: The results indicated that gut fungal community were significant differences between Anser erythropus wintering at Shengjin and Caizi Lakes. Between Caizi Lake and Shengjin Lake, the geese in our study group consumed food that differed in type and quality maybe lead the gut fungi varied markedly between the geese from each lake. These findings expand our knowledge of gut fungi in waterbirds and suggest that the gut fungal communities differed in two wintering populations of the same species. This study provides basic data for the composition and structure of gut fungi of wintering waterbirds, and we argue that more attention should be paid to investigating the pathogenic gut species of migratory waterbirds, which may increase disease risks for sympatric poultry as well as humans.
Dispensing and Purchasing Antibiotics without Prescription: A Cross-sectional Study Among Pharmacists and Clients
Authors: Kakati Rasha T. , Nakad Sanaa , Zareef Rana , Atallah Johnny , Farhat Souha , Daye Nahla , Sadek Sandra , Bardus Marco
Published: March 2022

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a public health issue with resistance rates increasing worldwide. Major contributing causes of AMR are the behaviors of dispensing and purchasing antibiotics without a prescription (DAWP and PAWP), respectively among pharmacists and clients, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to investigate behavioral patterns related to DAWP and PAWP among pharmacists and citizens of Beirut, Lebanon.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using questionnaires targeting a stratified random sample of pharmacy managers and a random sample of clients, recruited from public spaces in the Municipal Beirut area. Questionnaires assessed behavioral patterns, reasons for, and attitudes towards DAWP and PAWP. We compared the perceptions and self-reported behaviors related to DAWP and PAWP among the two samples.Results: We recruited 70 pharmacists and 178 citizens. While most pharmacists recognized that AMR is a public health problem and that DAWP is a major contributing factor, about a third (37%) declared supporting DAWP; citizens confirmed this response, as 30% declared they do not usually obtain a prescription before purchasing antibiotics. However, when recalling their last purchase of antibiotics, 43% of clients did not get a prescription. The reasons for this behavior are mostly financial and convenience, coupled with low law enforcement.Discussion: DAWP and PAWP seem to be common practices among a relatively high proportion of pharmacists and citizens of Beirut. Despite being illegal, this practice seems to take ground in a politically and economically weak country and in a semi-privatized healthcare system. National efforts including anti-AMR educational campaigns and law enforcement need to be implemented problem this problem can grow out of proportion and reduce the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns, especially considering the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
A socio-economic analysis of polling booth catchments at the 2019 Australian federal election
Authors: Baum Scott
Published: March 2022

Within the Australian political geography literature, there has been a growing body of work that has aimed to understand the distinctive socio-economic and demographic patterns that characterise the Australian federal political landscape. Using results from the last two federal elections (2016 and 2019) this paper presents an analysis of polling booth catchments in the context of stability and change in voter support. Polling booths are assigned to four possible types-Stable Coalition, Stable Labor, Change to Coalition and Change to Labor-depending on voter support. The Polling booths are then assigned a unique spatially defined catchment which are then compared across a range of socioeconomic and demographic variables. The results suggest significant differences in the types of polling booth catchments across five key indicates. These differences can be used to understand the distinct and changing nature of Australia's political geography and add an important component to the existing literature.
Comparison of Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy for Renal Tumors with A RENAL Nephrometry Score≥7: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jiang Yu-Li , Zhou Jin-Biao , Xiao Xin , Shi Tian-Li , Huang Xiao-Hui
Published: March 2022

Background To compare the perioperative outcomes of robotic partial nephrectomy (RPN) versus laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) for complex renal tumors with a RENAL nephrometry score≥7. Methods We searched PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register for studies from 2000 to 2020 to evaluate the perioperative outcomes of RPN and LPN in patients with a RENAL nephrometry score≥7. We used RevMan 5.2 to pool the data. Results Seven studies were acquired in our study. No significant differences were found in the estimated blood loss (WMD: 34.49; 95% CI: -75.16-144.14; p=0.54), hospital stay (WMD: -0.59; 95% CI: -1.24–0.06; p=0.07), positive surgical margin (OR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.65–1.11; p =0.23), major postoperative complications(OR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.52–1.54; p=0.69) and transfusion (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.48–1.08; p =0.11) between the groups. RPN showed better outcomes in the operating time (WMD: -22.45; 95% CI: -35.06 to -9.85; p=0.0005), postoperative renal function (WMD: 3.32; 95% CI: 0.73–5.91; p=0.01), warm ischemia time (WMD: -6.96; 95% CI: -7.30–-6.62; p <0.0001), conversion rate to radical nephrectomy (OR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.66; p=0.002) and intraoperative complications (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.28–0.97; p=0.04).Conclusions RPN is a safe and effective alternative to LPNs for or the treatment of complex renal tumors with a RENAL nephrometry score≥7 with a shorter warm ischemic time and better postoperative renal function.
Resection Of Giant Malignant Solitary Fibrous Pleural Tumor After Interventional Embolization: A Case Report And Literature Review
Authors: Yao Kelin , Zhu Lvcong , Wang Liang , Xia Ruiming , Yang Jianfeng , Hu Wenbin , Yu Zhongqiang
Published: March 2022

Background: Solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura (SFTP) is rare mesenchymal tumors that arise at a variety of sites and typically originate from the pleura. Most patients of SFTP are usually asymptomatic unless the tumor is large. Only about 20% of SFTP cases are malignant. There were few reports about the imaging diagnosis and interventional treatment of SFTP. We here in report a case of giant SFTP, which exhibited malignant behavior and underwent a successful resection after embolization of the main supply artery of the tumor.Case presentation: We report a clinical case of giant SFTP in a 66-year-old Chinese female patient complaining of chest tightness and cough for more than two months. Ten years ago, the patient had a chest CT scan at the local hospital for a cough. The CT scan revealed a mass on the right thoracic,which was misdiagnosed as a pulmonary abscess by a CT-guided biopsy. So the patient was not received the correct and complete treatment at that time. She was hospitalized again because of CT showed a significant enlargement of the right thoracic mass, which caused obvious symptoms of discomfort. The pathological results of CT-guided biopsy in our hospital confirmed SFTP. Considering the large size of the tumor and rich blood supply, part of the main blood vessels were treated with embolization firstly before surgical resection. Then, a large tumor with a size of about 23cm×16cm×15cm was successfully removed by thoracic surgery. The diagnosis of malignant SFTP was confirmed by surgical pathology and immunohistochemistry.Conclusion: The imaging findings of SFTP are not characteristic, especially when the tumor is large, the diagnosis is difficult, and the final diagnosis still depends on histological and immunohistochemical examination. This two-stage surgical treatment, which involves first embolization of the main supplying artery of the large tumor and then complete surgical resection of the tumor, is effective and safe for SFTP. Whether needle biopsy or vascular embolization, intervention plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with SFTP.
Resveratrol Alleviates Pyraclostrobin Induced-Lipid Peroxidation, Oxidative Stress, And DNA Damage In Rats
Authors: NAVRUZ FAHRIYE ZEMHERI , İNCE Sinan , Acaröz Damla Arslan , ACARÖZ Ulaş , DEMİREL Hasan Hüseyin , DEMİRKAPI Ezgi Nur
Published: March 2022

Pyraclostrobin (Pyra) is a fungicide in the strobilurin class and has proven to be very toxic to aquatic species. Resveratrol (Res) is a phytoalexin that exhibits multiple bioactivities as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular protective, and anti-aging in animals and is found in plant species such as mulberry, peanut, and grape. This study aimed to determine the protective effect of Res against Pyra-induced oxidative stress in rats. For this purpose, a total of 48 male rats divided into 6 groups - 8 in each group - were exposed to 30 mg/kg Pyra by oral gavage once a day for 4 weeks and to 3 different concentrations of Res (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) together with Pyra. It was observed that, in groups administered with Pyra, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased whereas glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels decreased. It was observed that, in the group administered with Pyra, expression levels of CYP2E1 gene, which is associated with increased cancer risk, pro-apoptotic BAX gene, apoptotic caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 genes, NFκB gene, which is a pro-inflammatory transcription factor, and p53 gene, which plays a regulatory role in the cell, increased whereas expression level of anti-apoptotic bcl-2 gene decreased. It was determined that Res administrations improved Pyra-induced oxidative damage, histopathological changes and expression levels of various genes. According to the ssDNA analysis obtained from the DNA isolated from the blood; when DNA damage and histopathological damage in tissues were examined, it was observed that the highest damage was in the group administered with Pyra and the damage decreased depending on the increase in dose of Res. Consequently, it was observed that Res, known for its antioxidant protective properties, exhibited a protective effect against oxidative stress caused by Pyra.
Superintegrable cellular automata and dual unitary gates from Yang-Baxter maps
Authors: Gombor Tamás , Pozsgay Balázs
Published: March 2022

We consider one dimensional block cellular automata, where the local
update rules are given by Yang-Baxter maps, which are set theoretical
solutions of the Yang-Baxter equations. We show that such systems are
superintegrable: they possess an exponentially large set of conserved
local charges, such that the charge densities propagate ballistically on
the chain. For these quantities we observe a complete absence of
"operator spreading". In addition, the models can also have other local charges which are conserved only additively. We discuss concrete models up to local dimensions N \le 4N≤4, and show that they give rise to rich physical behaviour, including non-trivial scattering of particles and the coexistence of ballistic and diffusive transport. We find that the local update rules are classical versions of the "dual
unitary gates" if the Yang-Baxter maps are non-degenerate. We discuss
consequences of dual unitarity, and we also discuss a family of dual
unitary gates obtained by a non-integrable quantum mechanical
deformation of the Yang-Baxter maps.
Development of Triple Representation Based on Virtual Laboratory Media on the Chemical Equilibrium Experiment in Online Learning Era
Authors: Rokhim Deni Ainur , Septiani Maya Oki
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this research is to produce virtual laboratory media to support laboratory-based learning with the features mentioned above to make students become scientists with comprehensive understanding competencies and laboratory engineering skills. The virtual laboratory media was developed using the Lee Owens development method consists of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The virtual laboratory based on triplet representations on chemical equilibrium material fulfils very feasible criteria for students to use as a learning resource. The percentage of product eligibility as a learning media is 86.15%, and in terms of the material, it is 85.71%. The results of small group trials in class XI students of SMAN 3 Sidoarjo showed that the virtual laboratory developed had met the very feasible criteria with an average percentage of 86.40%. The final result of this virtual laboratory has been revised based on comments and suggestions from validators and test subjects. Practically, the media developed is very useful to support practicum learning.
Membangun Ekonomi Desa dengan Pengembangan Desa Tematik sebagai Destinasi PariwisatadiDesa Wanayasa, Purwakarta, Jawa Barat
Authors:   Program Studi Akuntansi, Program Pendidikan Vokasi Universitas Indonesia, Marsdenia Marsdenia
Published: March 2022

This Paper is a result of community engangement activies aimed to described how economic development of Wanayasa society through tematic village which as a tourism destination in the city of Purwakarta and food and non food product. This paper try to explore any possibility of Wanayasa to be a tematic village through to ways. Method of this paper is qualitative approached by using focus group discussions, indepth intervies and visiting site. There are two important result of this community engangement activities. there two possibility to create tematic vilage of wanayasa, as product, by using tea leaved and by using tourism approach as wnayasa habe Goa Jepang (japanese cave). There are some limitations to develop such a tematic village in Wanayasa, such as less of infrastructured arround goa jepang. Limitations of village tematic by using product approach is lack of skill and lack of distribution and marketing of the product either food or non food.
Pelatihan Relawan Pajak Kanwil DJP Banten
Authors:   Program  Studi Pajak, Politeknik  Keuangan  Negara  STAN,Tangerang, Susilawati Muamarah Hanik , Wijaya Suparna ,   Program  Studi Pajak, Politeknik  Keuangan  Negara  STAN,Tangerang, Marsono Marsono ,   Program  Studi Pajak, Politeknik  Keuangan  Negara  STAN,Tangerang
Published: March 2022

Pada tahun 2018, jumlah wajib pajak yang menyampaikan SPT Tahunan PPh Orang Pribadi meningkat pesat dibandingkan dengan tahun 2017, 80% di antaranya menggunakan e-filing. Dengan menggunakan e-filing, wajib pajak tidak harus datang ke kantor pelayanan pajak (KPP). Untuk membantu wajib pajak orang pribadi melakukan pengisian SPT Tahunan, sejak tahun 2017, DJP meluncurkan Program Relawan Pajak yang merupakan mahasiswa yang tersebar di perguruan tinggi di seluruh Indonesia. Agar dapat melakukan asistensi pengisian SPT menggunakan e-filing, para relawan pajak terlebih dahulu harus mengikuti pelatihan. Namun demikian, tidak seluruh perguruan tinggi mampu memberikan pelatihan kepada para relawan pajak. PKN STAN melalui program pengabdian masyarakat ikut serta dalam memberikan pelatihan kepada relawan pajak di Kanwil DJP Banten. Metode pelatihan dilakukan dengan cara penyampaian materi, diskusi, praktik simulasi pengisian SPT Tahunan PPh dan pembuatan kode billing. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi setelah pelatihan, diketahui bahwa para relawan pajak telah mampu melakukan pengisian SPT Tahunan PPh Orang Pribadi, yaitu Formulir 1770 S dan 1770 SS.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI MITRA TERHADAP KEBERLANGSUNGAN USAHA MIKRO KECIL MENENGAH “Mommy Snack”
Authors:   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Fidelis Bernardto , Valencia Cahyani ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Wiryawan Fiona ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Joel Rintis Jordan ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Lazuardi Natalie ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Ardi Wibowo Rashif ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Nurhayati Nurhayati ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339
Published: March 2022

This research is motivated by that high motivation of “mitra” in carrying out her daily business operation. This activity aims to find out how the business motivation within the micro, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) “do-er (pelaku)”, namely in the packaged snacks sector, will affect performance and the sustainability of a business. Two subjects that the researcher would like to raise are the kinds of partner’s motivation and its effect on the business sustainability. In conducting this research, the literature review used is the theories of business motivation, factors that influence motivation, and the affect of motivations on business continuity. The research method used is by library study, observation, and interview. The researcher concluded that the forms of motivation that have been carried out by partners have proven to have a big influence in providing results, namely the sustainability of the partners' business up to now.
MODEL MANAJEMEN RANTAI PASOKAN PADA UMKM SURABAYA
Authors:   Fakultas Manjemen dan Bisnis, Universitas Ciputra, Surabaya, Nainggolan Romauli
Published: March 2022

There are 3,947 MSMEs registered in Surabaya city government. There are 3,947 MSMEs registered in Surabaya city government. 174 MSMEs in the area of West Surabaya. Activities of MSMEs from suppliers to customers was simply. It can be seen by observing 30 SMEs in western Surabaya. It can be seen by observing 30 SMEs in West Surabaya. The results of research there are 2 things (1) implementation of suppliers strategy, MSMEs in West Surabaya using strategy with 1 supplier is 10%. MSMEs in West Surabaya using strategy with 2 suppliers is 40%. MSMEs in West Surabaya using strategy with 3 suppliers is 40%. MSMEs in west Surabaya use many suppliers strategy with 4 - 5 suppliers that is 10%. (2) There are 4 supply chain management models. First, supplier – manufacturer - consumer. Second, suppliers – manufacturer-retailer – consumer. Third, supplier - distributor- customer. Fourth, supplier-retailer – consumer. Owners of MSMEs buy their own raw materials from the market, shops, shopsnearby. Then they do the manufacturing process by making their own products and directly sell them to consumers or sell them to new retailers to consumers.
1~1 The Chemistry and Pharmacology of lndole-3-carbinol (indole-3-methanol) and 3-(Methoxymethyl)indole. [Part 11]1
Authors: Broadbent Thomas A. , Broadbent H. Smith
Published: March 2022

lndole-3-carbinol (13C) (2) is produced endogenously from naturally occurring glucosinolates contained in a wide variety of plant food
substances including members of the family Cruciferae, and particularly members of the genus Brassica, whenever they are crushed or cooked. The acid environment of the gut very facilely converts it into a range of polyaromatic indolic compounds, e.g. (3,4,5), which appear to be responsible for many of the physiological effects observed following the ingestion of these foods.

These so-called chemopreventive compounds are important because of their enzyme induction and suppression, mutagenic, carcinogenic and, particularly, antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties against a variety of classes of carcinogens. These properties as well as other miscellaneous properties of these substances are critically reviewed in detail in this paper of >170 references, the second of two parts. At the present time it appears that 13C and its congeners have considerable potential as natural prophylactic anticancer agents against certain common neoplasms, especially inasmuch modern diets are increasingly deficient in these vegetable-derived substances.

A short general assessment of the substantial potential of the title compounds concludes the review.
Advances in lndolo[2,3-a]carbazole Chemistry: Design and Synthesis of Protein Kinase C and Topoisomerase I Inhibitors
Authors: Pindur Ulf , Kim Young-Shin , Mehrabani Farokh
Published: March 2022

lndolo[2,3-a]carbazoles, their pyrrolo[3,4-c]anellated variants and structurally closely related bisindolylmaleimides represent a biologically highly interesting class of natural compounds which are potential anticancer agents. According to the ongoing literature new and efficient synthetic methods yield a great variety of these compounds which have been reported
in detail. The biological activities and the inhibitory activities against the target enzymes protein
kinase C and topoisomerase I are also discussed including structure activity relationships. A molecular binding model of the protein kinase C inhibitors with the target enzyme at the atomic level is presented and supported by X-ray crystallographic structures and by molecular modelling studies.
5-Lipoxygenase: A Target for Antiinflammatory Drugs Revisited
Authors: Steinhilber D.
Published: March 2022

Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase is the key enzyme in leukotriene biosynthesis and catalyzes the initial steps in the conversion of arachidonic acid to biologically active leukotrienes. Leukotrienes are considered as potent
potent mediators of inflammatory and allergic reactions which are locally released by leukocytes and other 5-LO expressing cells and exert their effects via binding to specific membrane receptors and, as suggested recently, the nuclear receptor PPARa.
Because of the proinflammatory profile of leukotrienes it was assumed that leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitors and leukotriene receptor antagonists have a therapeutical potential in a variety of inflammatory diseases. Clinical studies confirmed the therapeutic value of the antileukotriene therapy in asthma but the results with leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitors in psoriasis, arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease were more or less disappointing. This review summarizes the biochemistry of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway, the pharmacology of FLAP and
5-lipoxygenase inhibitors and discusses possible criteria for the development of these drugs.
Utilization of ELISA Technology to Measure Biological Activities of Carbohydrates Relevant in Disease States
Authors: Gervay Jacquelyn , McReynolds Katherine D.
Published: March 2022

Since its discovery in 1960, ELISA technology has been utilized in an increasing number of biological and biochemical investigations. It has proven to be one of the most powerful tools available for probing recognition processes involving protein/protein, protein/glycoprotein, protein/glycolipid and glycoprotein/glycolipid interactions. This review begins with an introduc­
tion that provides an historical perspective on the development of ELISA followed by a description of the different classifications of this assay. One of the fundamental elements of ELISA is the adhesion of a molecule of interest to a solid support, generally a microtiter plate. Recent developments in the area of adhesion and adsorption are also presented. Although ELISA has been used most extensively in studying protein/protein interactions, in the past 10 years there have been a number of advances in ELISA technology that have allowed recognition processes involving carbohydrates to be studied. This review focuses on the use of ELISA in investigating diseases where carbohydrate recognition processes are implicated. Since studies related to the HIV virus have provided a major impetus for the advancement of ELISA technology, this area of research is highlighted.