bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TAF1 is needed for the proliferation and maturation of thyroid follicle cells via Notch signaling
Authors: Zhang Caoxu , Yang Liu , Zhang Haiyang , Wu Fengyao , Zhang Yue , Zhang Kaiwen , Wu Chenyang , Li Rui , Dong Mei , Zhao Shuangxia , Song Huaidong
Published: April 2024

In our study, we obtained a novel zebrafish line with thyroid dysgenesis (TD) and identified the candidate pathogenetic mutation TATA-box binding protein associated Factor 1 ( taf1). Further researches revealed that taf1 was required for thyroid follicular cells by binding to the NOTCH1 promoter region. Our findings revealed a novel role of TAF1 in thyroid morphogenesis.
Postsynaptic potentials of soleus motor neurons produced by transspinal stimulation: a human single-motor unit study
Authors: Yildiz Nilgün , Cecen Serpil , Sancar Nuray , Karacan Ilhan , Knikou Maria , Türker Kemal S.
Published: April 2024

Transspinal stimulation produces distinct actions on soleus motor neurons: an early short-latency excitation followed by two inhibitions or only inhibition and doublets. These results show how transspinal stimulation affects depolarization of soleus α motor neurons in healthy humans.
Vaginal Cuff Dehiscence Following Remote Hysterectomy: An Unusual Case of Bowel Evisceration
Authors: Desai Harsh , Canales Alexander
Published: April 2024

Hysterectomy is one of the most common gynecologic procedures performed worldwide. Vaginal cuff dehiscence with resultant bowel evisceration, while rare, is one of the most serious complications of the procedure. We present the case of a 79‐year‐old female with vaginal cuff dehiscence several decades after hysterectomy. The patient had no significant antecedent symptoms until she experienced bowel evisceration during Valsalva. She underwent a successful reduction of bowel contents with limited resection and transvaginal cuff repair. This case highlights the risk of vaginal cuff dehiscence even decades following the procedure.
A Low-Cost Wideband Digital Array Antenna Based on Stretch Processing Technique
Authors: Yu Daqun , Hao Zhangcheng , Yang Lei , Wang Yang , Sun Lei , Mao Jianjun
Published: April 2024

Wideband digital phased array radar offers the advantages of high range resolution, which improves the recognition ability for multiple targets, group targets, and high-speed targets. Traditional wideband phased arrays use true time delay to compensate for aperture fill time; however, the cost increases significantly. In this paper, a wideband elemental digital array architecture based on the stretch processing method is proposed. By utilizing the time-domain and frequency-domain translation equivalence of the LFM (Linear Frequency Modulation) signal waveform, the equivalent aperture fill time is compensated for through frequency shift and phase shift after stretch processing. Compared to traditional wideband digital arrays, this method can dramatically reduce the required sampling rate and lower the requirements on antenna hardware, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of system. A comprehensive analysis of the signal processing process and stretch processing method is provided. And an antenna array prototype is developed to verify the T/R channel compensation and wideband beamforming. Measured results show that the antenna is capable of ±60° scanning in azimuth plane and ±40° scanning in elevation plane, with a bandwidth of 500 MHz in S-band. The results demonstrate excellent wideband beam performance and accurate lobe scanning, which confirms the validity of the proposed wideband architecture for stretch processing, frequency shift, and phase shift. This method can be widely applied to the low-cost design and wideband performance improvement of wideband digital array radar.
Comparing the Efficacy of Two Cognitive Screening Tools in Identifying Gray and White Matter Brain Damage among Older Adults
Authors: Andreatta Maduro Paula , Guimarães Manoel Pereira , de Sousa Rodrigues Mateus , Pereira Rolim Coimbra Pinto Ana Paula , Mota Junior Américo Alves da , Lima Rocha Alaine Souza , Matoso Juliana Magalhães Duarte , Bavaresco Gambassi Bruno , Schwingel Paulo Adriano
Published: April 2024

Background. Ageing is associated with structural changes in brain regions and functional decline in cognitive domains. Noninvasive tools for identifying structural damage in the brains of older adults are relevant for early treatment. Aims. This study aims to evaluate and compare the accuracy of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA©) in identifying gray and white matter brain damage in older individuals with varying degrees of cognitive impairment. Methods. Ninety older adults (62 women) with an average age of 69 ± 7 years were enrolled and categorized as having no cognitive impairment (NCI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or moderate cognitive impairment (MoCI). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was utilized to assess the number, volume, and distribution of brain damage. The Fazekas and Scheltens scales were applied to the brain MRIs, and inferential statistics were employed to compare variables among the groups. Results. Cognitive impairment was observed in 56.7% of the participants (95% confidence interval (CI): 46.4–66.4%), with thirty-six older adults (40%) classified as MCI and 15 (17%) as MoCI. Cognitive impairment and medial temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy were found to be associated (p=0.001), exhibiting higher mean volume scales of the MTL atrophied area in the MoCI group (p<0.001). The MMSE accurately revealed MTL atrophy based on the Scheltens (p<0.05) and Fazekas (p<0.05) scales. At the same time, the MoCA accurately identified periventricular white matter (PWM) abnormalities according to the Fazekas scale (p<0.05). Conclusions. The MMSE and MoCA screening tools effectively identified gray and white matter brain damage in older adults with varying degrees of cognitive impairment. Lower MMSE scores are associated with MTL atrophy and lesions, and lower MoCA scores are related to PWM lesions. The concurrent use of MMSE and MoCA is recommended for assessing structural changes in distinct brain regions.
Incongruence between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Subjective Reports of Physical Activity in Multiple Sclerosis: A Focus on Sex Differences
Authors: Buragadda Syamala , Snow Nicholas J. , Gou Alan P. C. , McShane Joshua N. , Newell Caitlin J. , Ploughman Michelle
Published: April 2024

Purpose. The link between moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and cardiorespiratory fitness in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) remains unclear. This study examined the relationship between self-reported MVPA and objectively assessed cardiorespiratory fitness, emphasizing sex differences. Methods. 107 adults with MS (77 females), aged (mean±standard deviation) 47.2±10.2 years, were recruited from a local MS clinic. Fitness was measured as maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) during a graded maximal exercise test using a recumbent stepper. MVPA (24-hour recall) was estimated as the duration of activities≥3 MET (metabolic equivalent of task). MET-minutes were calculated by multiplying MET by duration. We explored sex differences in self-reported MVPA, cardiorespiratory fitness, and disability; examined sex differences in associations between these variables; and investigated whether MET-minutes of MVPA predicted V̇O2max in females and males. Results. Mean V̇O2max was 24.79 mL·kg-1·min-1, indicating poor cardiorespiratory fitness levels, despite high levels of self-reported MVPA (mean=412.5 MET-minutes). Fifty-three percent of males and 40% of females had V̇O2max levels below the 20th age- and sex-standardized population percentile, indicating poor cardiorespiratory fitness. There were statistically significant associations between MVPA and V̇O2max (Rho=0.27, p=.01), as well as disability and V̇O2max (Rho=−0.35, p=.02), in females but not males. A regression model using sex, age, body mass, disability, and MVPA to estimate V̇O2max was valid in predicting V̇O2max values that were statistically equivalent to those measured in the laboratory in females but not males. However, the inclusion of MVPA did not add to the predictive value of this equation. Conclusions. Despite reporting high levels of MVPA, people with MS had poor cardiorespiratory fitness. MVPA, fitness, and disability were associated in females only, indicating that sex differences should be considered in fitness appraisal. Self-reported MVPA did not predict fitness, suggesting 24-hour recall may not be representative of true activity or fitness levels in persons with MS. Future work should examine sex differences in associations between MVPA and fitness using objective measures such as accelerometry.
Investigating the Adsorption of Humic Acid from Water Using CTS/PAM and CTS/PAM/EDTA Adsorbents
Authors: Alizadeh Mahdi , Abdi Sajjad , Abdoli S. Majid , Hazrati Hossein , Salami-Kalajahi Mehdi
Published: April 2024

In recent decades, reports from around the globe indicate an increase in natural organic matters (NOMs) in surface waters, which has a negative impact on drinking water purification and causes problems such as the taste and color of water, reducing the amount of dissolved oxygen in water, causing membrane fouling in the filtration process, and acting as a precursor for the formation of an antiseptic by‐product. This work used the adsorption process to evaluate the elimination of natural organic compounds in aquatic environments. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a crosslinker for chitosan (CTS) and N, N‐methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker for polyacrylamide (PAM) were used to prepare humic acid (HA) adsorbents utilizing a two‐step procedure. The FTIR spectroscopy proved the EDTA cross‐linking agent was effective with the semicrosslinking CTS/PAM hydrogel. CTS/PAM/EDTA double network (DN) hydrogel exhibited a higher HA adsorption capacity (qe = 107.7 mg/g) than CTS/PAM (qe = 59.3 mg/g) at pH = 7 and an initial concentration of 60 mg·L−1 during 60 min. Also, results demonstrate that CTS/PAM/EDTA DN hydrogels showed faster adsorption kinetics than CTS/PAM.
Validation of Difficult Airway Physiological Score (DAPS) in Critically Ill Adults Undergoing Endotracheal Intubation in the Emergency Department
Authors: Waheed Shahan , Razzak Junaid Abdul , Khan Nadeem Ullah , Raheem Ahmed , Mian Asad Iqbal
Published: April 2024

Background. Critically ill patients have increased risk of cardiovascular collapse following endotracheal intubation due to physiological instability. This study aims to validate the Difficult Airway Physiological Score (DAPS) in adults to predict the risk of serious outcomes in the emergency department of a tertiary care private hospital. Methods. This is a cohort study conducted in the emergency department (ED) from 2021 to 2022. Difficult Airway Physiological Score (DAPS) was derived from a sample of 1021 patients through a retrospective study. The variables in the score were age, gender, time of intubation, vitals and vomiting at presentation, pH <7.3, fever, physician’s anticipation for patient decline, and agitation. The model performance was assessed prospectively on a separate dataset (n = 326) using train-test split method. Postintubation desaturation, hypotension, cardiac arrest, and mortality postintubation were the serious outcomes. ROC analysis, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were used to assess score validity. Results. Our study includes 326 patients, of which 123 (37.7%) were males and 203 (62.2%) were females. The sample was divided into high-risk (DAPS ≥10) group, n = 194 with mean age of 52 (SD = ±18) years, and low-risk (DAPS <10) group, n = 132 with mean age of 47.7 (SD = ±17.4) years. The shock index ≥0.9 was in 128 (66%), while it was <0.9 in low-risk n = 111 (84%), p value <0.001. Similarly, pH <7.3 was seen in 70 (36.1%) in high-risk group compared to 4 (3%) in low-risk group, p value <0.001. Cardiac arrest was observed in 56 (17.2%) patients, of which 45 (23.2%) were in high-risk and 11 (8.3%) in low-risk groups (p<0.001). Hypotension was the primary outcome in the high-risk group 100 (51.5%) versus 32 (24.2%) in low-risk group (p<0.001). The DAPS of 10 had an area under the curve of 0.865 (0.71–0.84). The sensitivity of DAPS was 78.5%, specificity 77.9%, and accuracy 78.2%. Conclusion. The score can accurately predict serious outcomes in critically ill adult patients with physiologically difficult airway demonstrating good sensitivity and specificity.
Temporal Variation and Spatial Heterogeneity in Boarding/Alighting Patterns at Urban Railway Stations: Implications for Estimating Optimal Construction Scale—A Case Study in Seoul, South Korea
Authors: Cho WooKeol , Kim Kyoungtae , Lee Inmook , You Soyoung (Iris)
Published: April 2024

Urban railways have become a prominent mode of public transportation within cities owing to their connectivity with other modes of transport and environmental friendliness. Various policies, such as the expansion of metropolitan areas and the development of megacities, have further emphasized the pivotal role of urban railways. Consequently, more railway stations are expected to be constructed in developed cities. However, the temporal variation in boarding and alighting patterns at each railway station is often overlooked. Failing to account for this variation, specifically the differences in peak‐hour concentration rates, in railway station design may cause increased conflicts among users owing to concentrated demands during specific time periods, exacerbating congestion and diminishing the appeal of the urban railway systems. Therefore, this study investigated the correlation between the temporal variation in boarding and alighting patterns and the attributes (location) of railway stations in Seoul, South Korea, and analyzed the spatial heterogeneity of this correlation. Initially, the factors influencing the peak‐hour concentration rates in railway stations were identified using a linear regression model. Peak hours were defined as morning and afternoon peaks and boarding and alighting were differentiated to account for the directional aspects of temporal variations in boarding and alighting patterns. The correlation between boarding and alighting patterns and the attributes of railway station influence zones was determined, and a geographically weighted regression model was estimated to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of this correlation based on railway station location. The analysis results revealed that railway stations in the southeastern and downtown areas of Seoul exhibited varying impacts of station attributes on boarding and alighting patterns even when the station attribute influence zones were identical. The contribution of this study is to evaluate the priorities of railway projects and its corresponding transportation policies. Regarding the policy goal recently announced by the Korean government, “Achieving Commute Times in 30‐min range,” our finding will provide a good measure of accessibility whether it succeeds or not.
ACSM1 and ACSM3 Regulate Fatty Acid Metabolism to Support Prostate Cancer Growth and Constrain Ferroptosis
Authors: Shrestha Raj K. , Nassar Zeyad D. , Hanson Adrienne R. , Iggo Richard , Townley Scott L. , Dehairs Jonas , Mah Chui Y. , Helm Madison , Alizadeh-Ghodsi Mohammadreza , Pickering Marie , Ghesquière Bart , Watt Matthew J. , Quek Lake-Ee , Hoy Andrew J. , Tilley Wayne D. , Swinnen Johannes V. , Butler Lisa M. , Selth Luke A.
Published: April 2024

Solid tumors are highly reliant on lipids for energy, growth, and survival. In prostate cancer, the activity of the androgen receptor (AR) is associated with reprogramming of lipid metabolic processes. Here, we identified acyl-CoA synthetase medium chain family members 1 and 3 (ACSM1 and ACSM3) as AR-regulated mediators of prostate cancer metabolism and growth. ACSM1 and ACSM3 were upregulated in prostate tumors compared with nonmalignant tissues and other cancer types. Both enzymes enhanced proliferation and protected prostate cancer cells from death in vitro, whereas silencing ACSM3 led to reduced tumor growth in an orthotopic xenograft model. ACSM1 and ACSM3 were major regulators of the prostate cancer lipidome and enhanced energy production via fatty acid oxidation. Metabolic dysregulation caused by loss of ACSM1/3 led to mitochondrial oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and cell death by ferroptosis. Conversely, elevated ACSM1/3 activity enabled prostate cancer cells to survive toxic levels of medium chain fatty acids and promoted resistance to ferroptosis-inducing drugs and AR antagonists. Collectively, this study reveals a tumor-promoting function of medium chain acyl-CoA synthetases and positions ACSM1 and ACSM3 as key players in prostate cancer progression and therapy resistance.

Significance: Androgen receptor–induced ACSM1 and ACSM3 mediate a metabolic pathway in prostate cancer that enables the utilization of medium chain fatty acids for energy production, blocks ferroptosis, and drives resistance to clinically approved antiandrogens.
Single-Cell and Spatial Transcriptome Profiling Identifies the Transcription Factor BHLHE40 as a Driver of EMT in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Yang Sheng , Zhang Dongsheng , Sun Qingyang , Nie Hongxu , Zhang Yue , Wang Xiaowei , Huang Yuanjian , Sun Yueming
Published: April 2024

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in humans, with liver metastasis being the primary cause of mortality. The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process endows cancer cells with enhanced metastatic potential. To elucidate the cellular mechanisms driving EMT in colorectal cancer, we analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing data from 11 nonmetastatic primary tumors (TnM) and 11 metastatic primary tumors (TM) from colorectal cancer patients. Compared with the TnM group, the TM samples showed elevated numbers of malignant epithelial cell and cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) subsets that displayed enrichments of EMT, angiogenesis, and TGFβ signaling pathways. One specific TM-enriched subgroup of malignant epithelial cells underwent EMT to transdifferentiate into CXCL1+ CAFs that subsequently differentiated into SFRP2+ CAFs, which was validated by spatial transcriptomic and pseudotime trajectory analyses. Furthermore, cell–cell communication analysis identified BHLHE40 as a probable key transcription factor driving EMT that was associated with poor prognosis. Finally, in vitro and in vivo experiments functionally substantiated that BHLHE40 promoted the proliferation, invasion, migration, EMT, and liver metastasis of colorectal cancer cells. In summary, this study identified BHLHE40 as a key transcription factor regulating EMT that promotes liver metastasis in colorectal cancer.

Significance: Integrated analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics in metastatic colorectal cancer provides insights into the mechanisms underlying EMT and cancer-associated fibroblast differentiation, which could help improve patient diagnosis and treatment.
IL1R2 Blockade Alleviates Immunosuppression and Potentiates Anti-PD-1 Efficacy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Xia Jie , Zhang Lixing , Peng Xilei , Tu Juchuanli , Li Siqin , He Xueyan , Li Fengkai , Qiang Jiankun , Dong Haonan , Deng Qiaodan , Liu Cuicui , Xu Jiahui , Zhang Rui , Liu Quentin , Hu Guohong , Liu Chong , Jiang Yi-Zhou , Shao Zhi-Ming , Chen Ceshi , Liu Suling
Published: April 2024

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with limited therapeutic options. IL1 receptor type 2 (IL1R2) promotes breast tumor–initiating cell (BTIC) self-renewal and tumor growth in TNBC, indicating that targeting it could improve patient treatment. In this study, we observed that IL1R2 blockade strongly attenuated macrophage recruitment and the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) to inhibit BTIC self-renewal and CD8+ T-cell exhaustion, which resulted in reduced tumor burden and prolonged survival in TNBC mouse models. IL1R2 activation by TAM-derived IL1β increased PD-L1 expression by interacting with the transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) and inducing YY1 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation in both TAMs and TNBC cells. Loss of YY1 alleviated the transcriptional repression of c-Fos, which is a transcriptional activator of PDL-1. Combined treatment with an IL1R2-neutralizing antibodies and anti-PD-1 led to enhanced antitumor efficacy and reduced TAMs, BTICs, and exhausted CD8+ T cells. These results suggest that IL1R2 blockade might be a strategy to potentiate immune checkpoint blockade efficacy in TNBC to improve patient outcomes.

Significance: IL1R2 in both macrophages and breast cancer cells orchestrates an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by upregulating PD-L1 expression and can be targeted to enhance the efficacy of anti-PD-1 in triple-negative breast cancer.
Association of Residential Exposure to Hazardous Air Pollutants with Risk of Non–Hodgkin Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Chen Jie , Hart Jaime E. , VoPham Trang , Elliott Elise G. , Birmann Brenda M. , Laden Francine
Published: April 2024

Background:

Certain hazardous air pollutants (HAP) are known or suspected to pose immunological or cancer risk to humans, but evidence is limited from the general population.

Methods:

We assessed associations between residential exposure to HAPs at the census tract level and incident non–Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and multiple myeloma in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS, 1986–2012) and NHSII (1989–2019). We used the covariate-adjusted proportional hazards model to estimate hazard ratios (HR) of NHL, major NHL subtypes, and multiple myeloma per interquartile range increase in exposure to a given HAP and pooled the cohort-specific estimates using fixed-effects meta-analyses.

Results:

There were 810 NHL and 158 multiple myeloma cases in NHS (1,700,707 person-years) and 379 NHL and 59 multiple myeloma cases in NHSII (2,820,772 person-years). Most HRs approximated unity. Meta-analyses did not show consistent evidence of associations between any HAP exposure and risk of NHL or multiple myeloma.

Conclusions:

Exposure to HAPs was not consistently associated with risks of NHL or multiple myeloma in these nationwide prospective cohorts of women.

Impact:

This is the first nationwide study assessing associations between residential HAP exposures and risk of lymphoid malignances in prospective cohorts and focuses on women, who have frequently been underrepresented in (primarily occupational) studies of exposure to HAPs.
Enhancing Standard of Care Chemotherapy Efficacy Using DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase (DNA-PK) Inhibition in Preclinical Models of Ewing Sarcoma
Authors: Collins Victor J. , Ludwig Katelyn R. , Nelson Ariana E. , Sundara Rajan Soumya , Yeung Choh , Vulikh Ksenia , Isanogle Kristine A. , Mendoza Arnulfo , Difilippantonio Simone , Karim Baktiar O. , Caplen Natasha J. , Heske Christine M.
Published: April 2024

Disruption of DNA damage repair via impaired homologous recombination is characteristic of Ewing sarcoma (EWS) cells. We hypothesize that this disruption results in increased reliance on nonhomologous end joining to repair DNA damage. In this study, we investigated if pharmacologic inhibition of the enzyme responsible for nonhomologous end joining, the DNA-PK holoenzyme, alters the response of EWS cells to genotoxic standard of care chemotherapy. We used analyses of cell viability and proliferation to investigate the effects of clinical DNA-PK inhibitors (DNA-PKi) in combination with six therapeutic or experimental agents for EWS. We performed calculations of synergy using the Loewe additivity model. Immunoblotting evaluated treatment effects on DNA-PK, DNA damage, and apoptosis. Flow cytometric analyses evaluated effects on cell cycle and fate. We used orthotopic xenograft models to interrogate tolerability, drug mechanism, and efficacy in vivo. DNA-PKi demonstrated on-target activity, reducing phosphorylated DNA-PK levels in EWS cells. DNA-PKi sensitized EWS cell lines to agents that function as topoisomerase 2 (TOP2) poisons and enhanced the DNA damage induced by TOP2 poisons. Nanomolar concentrations of single-agent TOP2 poisons induced G2M arrest and little apoptotic response while adding DNA-PKi-mediated apoptosis. In vivo, the combination of AZD7648 and etoposide had limited tolerability but resulted in enhanced DNA damage, apoptosis, and EWS tumor shrinkage. The combination of DNA-PKi with standard of care TOP2 poisons in EWS models is synergistic, enhances DNA damage and cell death, and may form the basis of a promising future therapeutic strategy for EWS.
Condensate-Promoting ENL Mutation Drives Tumorigenesis In Vivo Through Dynamic Regulation of Histone Modifications and Gene Expression
Authors: Liu Yiman , Li Qinglan , Song Lele , Gong Chujie , Tang Sylvia , Budinich Krista A. , Vanderbeck Ashley , Mathias Kaeli M. , Wertheim Gerald B. , Nguyen Son C. , Outen Riley , Joyce Eric F. , Maillard Ivan , Wan Liling
Published: April 2024

Gain-of-function mutations in the histone acetylation “reader” eleven-nineteen-leukemia (ENL), found in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and Wilms tumor, are known to drive condensate formation and gene activation in cellular systems. However, their role in tumorigenesis remains unclear. Using a conditional knock-in mouse model, we show that mutant ENL perturbs normal hematopoiesis, induces aberrant expansion of myeloid progenitors, and triggers rapid onset of aggressive AML. Mutant ENL alters developmental and inflammatory gene programs in part by remodeling histone modifications. Mutant ENL forms condensates in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells at key leukemogenic genes, and disrupting condensate formation via mutagenesis impairs its chromatin and oncogenic function. Moreover, treatment with an acetyl-binding inhibitor of the mutant ENL displaces these condensates from target loci, inhibits mutant ENL-induced chromatin changes, and delays AML initiation and progression in vivo. Our study elucidates the function of ENL mutations in chromatin regulation and tumorigenesis and demonstrates the potential of targeting pathogenic condensates in cancer treatment.

Significance: A direct link between ENL mutations, condensate formation, and tumorigenesis is lacking. This study elucidates the function and mechanism of ENL mutations in leukemogenesis, establishing these mutations as bona fide oncogenic drivers. Our results also support the role of condensate dysregulation in cancer and reveal strategies to target pathogenic condensates.
Table S5 from Epithelial Expressed B7-H4 Drives Differential Immunotherapy Response in Murine and Human Breast Cancer
Authors: Wescott Elizabeth C. , Sun Xiaopeng , Gonzalez-Ericsson Paula , Hanna Ann , Taylor Brandie C. , Sanchez Violeta , Bronzini Juliana , Opalenik Susan R. , Sanders Melinda E. , Wulfkuhle Julia , Gallagher Rosa I. , Gomez Henry , Isaacs Claudine , Bharti Vijaya , Wilson John T. , Ballinger Tarah J. , Santa-Maria Cesar A. , Shah Payal D. , Dees Elizabeth C. , Lehmann Brian D. , Abramson Vandana G. , Hirst Gillian L. , Brown Swigart Lamorna , van ˈt Veer Laura J. , Esserman Laura J. , Petricoin Emanuel F. , Pietenpol Jennifer A. , Balko Justin M.
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Table 5. Nanostring gene set gene list included in manuscript analysis.
Figure S7 from Impact of Surgery-Induced Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells and the NOX2/ROS Axis on Postoperative Survival in Human Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Grauers Wiktorin Hanna , Aydin Ebru , Kiffin Roberta , Vilhav Caroline , Bourghardt Fagman Johan , Kaya Mustafa , Paul Sanchari , Westman Beatrice , Bratlie Svein Olav , Naredi Peter , Hellstrand Kristoffer , Martner Anna
Published: April 2024

M-MDSC induction in a non-cancerous patient undergoing pancreatic cancer surgery
Figure S3 from Impact of Surgery-Induced Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells and the NOX2/ROS Axis on Postoperative Survival in Human Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Grauers Wiktorin Hanna , Aydin Ebru , Kiffin Roberta , Vilhav Caroline , Bourghardt Fagman Johan , Kaya Mustafa , Paul Sanchari , Westman Beatrice , Bratlie Svein Olav , Naredi Peter , Hellstrand Kristoffer , Martner Anna
Published: April 2024

Expression of NK cell receptors on NK cells before and after surgery
Kinetics of Different Blood Biomarkers during Polymyxin-B Extracorporeal Hemoperfusion in Abdominal Sepsis
Authors: Cotoia Antonella , Parisano Valeria , Mariotti Paola Sara , Lizzi Vincenzo , Netti Giuseppe Stefano , Ranieri Elena , Forfori Francesco , Cinnella Gilda
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Comparison of the marker kinetics procalcitonin, presepsin, and endotoxin during extracorporeal hemoperfusion with polymyxin-B adsorbing cartridge (PMX-HA) has never been described in abdominal sepsis. We aimed to compare the trend of three biomarkers in septic post-surgical abdominal patients in intensive care unit (ICU) treated with PMX-HA and their prognostic value. Methods: Ninety abdominal post-surgical patients were enrolled into different groups according to the evidence of postoperative sepsis or not. Non-septic patients admitted in the surgical ward were included in C group (control group). ICU septic shock patients with endotoxin levels <0.6 EAA receiving conventional therapy were addressed in S group and those with endotoxin levels ≥0.6 EAA receiving treatment with PMX-HA, besides conventional therapy, were included in SPB group. Presepsin, procalcitonin, endotoxin and other clinical data were recorded at 24 h (T0), 72 h (T1) and 7 days (T2) after surgery. Clinical follow-up was performed on day 30. Results: SPB group showed reduced levels of the three biomarkers on T2 versus T0 (p < 0.001); presepsin, procalcitonin and endotoxin levels decreased, respectively, by 25%, 11%, and 2% on T1 versus T0, and 40%, 41%, and 26% on T2 versus T0. All patients in C group, 73% of patients in SPB group versus 37% of patients in S group survived at follow-up. Moreover, procalcitonin had the highest predictive value for mortality at 30 days, followed by presepsin. Conclusion: The present study showed the reliability of presepsin in monitoring PMX-HA treatment in septic shock patients. Procalcitonin showed better predicting power for the mortality riSsk.
Comparative Analysis of Mortality Rates among Morbidly Obese Individuals: A Study of Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery, Nonsurgical Morbidly Obese Individuals, and the General Population
Authors: Setarehdan Seyed Amin , Mokhber Somayeh , Sheidaei Ali , Abdolhosseini Mohammad Reza , Pazouki Abdolreza , Solaymani-Dodaran Masoud
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Mortality decreases following bariatric surgery. We explored the extent of the reduction and whether or not it reaches the general population level in a large cohort of patients with obesity. This study aimed to compare all-cause mortality between patients with obesity who undergo bariatric surgery and those who do not, with the general Iranian population during the same period. Method: Data from Iran’s National Obesity Surgery Database were used to establish a large cohort of patients registered between 2009 and 2019. The current vital status of the patients was determined by utilizing post-surgery follow-up data for those who underwent the operation. For patients without a surgery record, a predefined checklist was filled out through telephone interviews. Death data from the National General Registrar’s office were obtained for all cohort members. Results: Of 13,313 cohort members, 12,915 were eligible for analysis. The median age at the first visit was 38 years, and 78% were women. 6,190 patients (47.9%) underwent bariatric surgery, and 6,725 patients (52.1%) were not yet operated on at the time of analysis. We observed 139 deaths during 53,880 person-years follow-ups. The median follow-ups for operated-on and not operated-on groups were 4 and 4.8 years. The mortality rates among nonoperated patients were 2.89 times higher (standardized mortality ratio [SMR] = 2.89, 95% CI: 2.36–3.53) than those in the general population, while in operated patients, the mortality rate decreased to 1.82 as high (SMR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.34–2.46). Conclusion: The risk of death has been diminished in the operated-on group. It still remains considerably higher than the risk in the general population.
Relationships among Cortisol, Perceived Stress, and Dental Caries Experience in Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Abouseta Naima , Gomaa Noha , Tassi Ali , Elzagallaai Abdelbaset A. , Rieder Michael J. , Dixon S. Jeffrey , Pani Sharat Chandra
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Stress can impact mental and physical health, especially during adolescence and young adulthood, but the extent of its contribution to dental caries is poorly understood. The present study assessed the association between perceived stress, cortisol levels (in hair and saliva), and overall caries experience of adolescents and young adults aged 15–25 years. Methods: Hair and saliva samples were obtained from 93 participants free of periodontal disease. Cortisol in hair and saliva was determined using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Participants completed a perceived stress questionnaire and underwent full-mouth oral examination by a calibrated examiner. Dental caries experience was based on the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index. Sociodemographic variables were also recorded. Results: There were significantly higher hair cortisol levels and perceived stress scale (PSS) scores in individuals with dental caries experience (DMFT≥1) than in those without (DMFT = 0). However, there was no significant difference in salivary cortisol concentration. A binary logistic regression revealed that higher hair cortisol levels and greater scores on the perceived stress scale were associated with increased odds of having experienced dental caries. In contrast, no significant association was found between salivary cortisol concentration and dental caries. Using multivariable regression models, caries experience was found to be significantly associated with both hair cortisol levels and PSS scores. These associations remained statistically significant even after adjusting for sociodemographic variables. Conclusion: Hair cortisol levels and perceived stress have a significant association with dental caries experience, whereas salivary cortisol concentrations do not.
A New Species of Amphisbaena from the State of Mato Grosso, Brasil (Reptilia: Amphisbaenia: Amphisbaenidae)
Authors: Vanzolini P. E.
Published: April 2024

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Sobre um caso de úlcera peptica perfurada, do divertículo de Merckel
Authors: Zaragoza Floresmundo , Giorgi Aristides
Published: April 2024

Os A.A. apresentam um caso de úlcera peptica perfurada do divertículo de Meckel, diagnosticado como apendicite aguda perfurada. Fazem um estudo resumido da embriologia e das anomalias de involução do canal vitelino, assim como da anatomia e patologia daquela anomalia, para depois tratar com mais detalhes do quadro clínico da úlcera peptica diverticular.
Predictors of Success for Pulmonary Vein Isolation With Pulsed-field Ablation Using a Variable-loop Catheter With 3D Mapping Integration: Complete 12-month Outcomes From inspIRE
Authors: De Potter Tom , Grimaldi Massimo , Duytschaever Mattias , Anic Ante , Vijgen Johan , Neuzil Petr , Van Herendael Hugo , Verma Atul , Skanes Allan , Scherr Daniel , Pürerfellner Helmut , Rackauskas Gediminas , Jais Pierre , Reddy Vivek Y. ,   on behalf of the inspIRE Trial Investigators
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

We previously presented the safety and early efficacy of the inspIRE study (Study for Treatment of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation [PAF] by Pulsed-field Ablation [PFA] System With Irreversible Electroporation [IRE]). With the study’s conclusion, we report the outcomes of the full pivotal study cohort, with an additional analysis of predictors of success.

METHODS:

InspIRE was a prospective, multicenter, single-arm clinical trial of drug-refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Pulmonary vein isolation was performed with a variable-loop circular catheter integrated with a 3-dimensional mapping system. Follow-up with 24-hour Holter was at 3, 6, and 12 months, as well as remote rhythm monitoring: weekly from 3 to 5 months, monthly from 6 to 12 months, and for symptoms. The primary effectiveness end point (PEE) was acute pulmonary vein isolation plus freedom from any atrial arrhythmia at 12 months. Additional subanalyses report predictors of PEE success.

RESULTS:

The patient cohort included 186 patients: aged 59±10 years, female 30%, and CHA
2
DS
2
-VASc 1.3±1.2. The previously reported primary adverse event rate was 0%. One serious procedure-related adverse event, urinary retention, was reported. The PEE was achieved in 75.6% (95% CI, 69.5%–81.8%). The clinical success of freedom from symptomatic recurrence was 81.7% (95% CI, 76.1%–87.2%). Simulating a monitoring method used in standard real-world practice (without protocol-driven remote rhythm monitoring), this translates to a freedom from all and symptomatic recurrence of 85.8% (95% CI, 80.8%–90.9%) or 94.0% (95% CI, 90.6%–97.5%), respectively. Multivariate analyses revealed that left ventricular ejection fraction ≥60% (adjusted odds ratio, 0.30) and patients receiving ≥48 PFA applications (adjusted odds ratio, 0.28) were independent predictors of PEE success. Moreover, PEE success was 79.2% in patients who received ≥12 PFA applications per vein compared with 57.1% in patients receiving fewer PFA applications.

CONCLUSIONS:

The inspIRE study confirms the safety and effectiveness of pulmonary vein isolation using the novel 3-dimensional mapping integrated circular loop catheter. An optimal number of PFA applications (≥48 total or ≥12 per vein) resulted in an improved 1-year success rate of ≈80%.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04524364
Cardiovascular Health, Race, and Decline in Cognitive Function in Midlife Women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation
Authors: Janssen Imke , Powell Lynda H. , Dugan Sheila A. , Derby Carol A. , Kravitz Howard M.
Published: April 2024

Background

Cognitive decline may progress for decades before dementia onset. Better cardiovascular health (CVH) has been related to less cognitive decline, but it is unclear whether this begins early, for all racial subgroups, and all domains of cognitive function. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of CVH on decline in the 2 domains of cognition that decline first in White and Black women at midlife.

Methods and Results

Subjects were 363 Black and 402 White women, similar in baseline age (mean±SD, 46.6±3.0 years) and education (15.7±2.0 years), from the Chicago site of the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. Cognition, measured as processing speed and working memory, was assessed annually or biennially over a maximum of 20 years (mean±SD, 9.8±6.7 years). CVH was measured as Life's Essential 8 (blood pressure, body mass index, glucose, non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking, physical activity, diet, sleep). Hierarchical linear mixed models identified predictors of cognitive decline with progressive levels of adjustment. There was a decline in processing speed that was explained by race, age, and the 3‐way interaction of race, CVH, and time (
F
1,4308
=8.8,
P
=0.003). CVH was unrelated to decline in White women but in Black women poorer CVH was associated with greater decline. Working memory did not decline in the total cohort, by race, or by CVH.

Conclusions

In midlife Black women, CVH promotion may be a target for preventing the beginnings of cognitive decline, thereby enhancing independent living with aging.
Demonic Descents: Contests in Islamic Tribal Etiology
Authors: Ahmed Tanvir
Published: April 2024

This essay explores the theme of demonic descent in etiologies assigned to Lurs, Kurds, Afghans, and the Baloch across the past millennium. In it, I parse the imputation of nonhuman beginnings to these peoples while also examining retorts to that same accusation. While agents of premodern empires used the narrative of demonic descent to racialize peoples on the peripheries of sovereignty, demonized peoples replied with sacralizing genealogies that bound them to early nodes in Prophetic and Iranian history. I argue that we must attend to demonizing practices in Islamic historiography not only to write the historical struggles of dispossessed peoples, but to examine our own inheritances as narrators of the Islamic past today.
From Spiritual Guide to Church Mother
Authors: Goodwin Lindgren Katherine
Published: April 2024

This article compares late medieval and early modern patterns of women’s preaching in Strasbourg. Medieval women circumvented gendered restrictions against female preaching through performative acts of embodied devotion. This article compares the embodied sermons of Gertrude Rickeldey of Ortenburg and the printed sermons of Katharina Schütz Zell to discuss the change and continuity in late medieval and early modern women’s preaching. Using Beverly Kienzle’s definition of the sermon and Roxanne Mountford’s concept of rhetorical space, I identify continuity in both’s women’s conformity to gendered regimes of piety. I also argue that Protestant reform shifted the location of female religious authority from embodied piety to printed sermons, but in a way that reflects a continuity with medieval traditions of female preaching. Overall this article demonstrates how women’s preaching persisted within the theological and cultural changes of the early modern period.
Humorous Takes on Marriage in the UAE
Authors: Hambuch Doris , Willard Sarah Nesti , Tariq Urwa , Alboainain Al Anood
Published: April 2024

This article investigates humorous representations of marriage in digital comics, stand-up comedy and short films created by Emirati artists and content creators who primarily rely on social media as their most effective form of distribution. Studied against theories of humor in the Western and the Arabic traditions, selected examples demonstrate that the story-based genre appears less light-hearted in its combination of comic with tragic plot turns, while the snapshot characteristic of graphic art allows comics and social media skits to focus on the joke. The latter is thus more appealing to larger audiences, especially via electronic media. Depending on whether the image is accompanied by text in either Arabic or English, the content targets specific viewer groups. Relying on content analysis and audience reception, this study demonstrates that the relief regarding marital dilemmas provided through humor, particularly satire, is greater in the less text-based presentations. Generally, humor is a preferred mode by artists and content creators in the UAE to represent marriage because it can take the edge off sensitive topics.
Inside Jesuit Classrooms: Students’ Notebooks from the Austrian Province of the Late Sixteenth Century
Authors: Förköli Gábor
Published: April 2024

In the sphere of education, early modern Jesuit documents prescribed a large variety of didactical methods. As a result, Jesuit education was perceived as facilitating a dialogue between traditional Scholasticism and humanism or scientific progress. However, complaints from the first half-century of the order indicate that Jesuit schools fell short in terms of their compliance with prescriptive regulations. Indeed, non-Jesuit scholars often considered the order to be conservative traducers of Renaissance scholarship. To assess these contradictory evaluations, this article proposes to scrutinize manuscripts produced by students during their philosophical studies at the colleges of Vienna, Olomouc, and Graz, falling within the timeframe of c. 1580–90. Here, I look to argue that, even before the universal presence of comprehensive Jesuit textbooks, the teaching of philosophy was not only surprisingly unified within the province but new scientific and scholarly developments, including the Gregorian Reform and the debates around Copernican views, were also presented in the Jesuit classroom.
Statistics and Kaige Research
Authors: Lee Timothy A.
Published: April 2024

This article provides a new statistical methodology to identify kaige revision within the Septuagint. The method establishes the most accurate criteria for identifying this revision through searching the undisputed kaige texts. These criteria include existing suggestions and several new ones. The result leads to a more secure grasp of kaige revision and the ability to confidently detect kaige readings in manuscripts and quotations.
Evocations of the Sun in Modernity
Authors: Chatterjee Sandra , Haitzinger Nicole
Published: April 2024

This article situates the French dancer and choreographer of color Nyota Inyoka’s Egyptian-inspired work within the context of modern Orientalist Egyptomania and relates her to the avant-garde. Drawing out Inyoka’s ambiguous positionality the article not only demonstrates how Inyoka’s work disrupted the phenomenon of Egyptomania, most notably in her performance Prière aux dieux solaires (Prayer to the Sun Gods) (1921), but also unearths the ways in which her work, as it performed ‘ancient Egypt,’ deserves to be held alongside related and more canonized avant-garde practices.
‘A Reclaimed Background’
Authors: Lant Antonia
Published: April 2024

Cinematic elements inform the aesthetic innovation of interwar American artists Aaron Douglas and Charles Dawson, particularly in the interplay between ancient Egyptian resources and modern visual expression. Cinema had developed an Egypthood, a set of concepts tying its picture-writing (hieroglyphics) to notions of preserving and reorganizing time (mummies) and an eloquence in compressing volume into surfaces (bas relief). Reaching for the pharaohs belonged within an urgent cultural politics, a campaign for beauty and regeneration against white supremacy. Cinema spoke to artists engaged with organizing eras across a flat surface. Through their compact spaces, and sometimes translucent historical jumps, Dawson and Douglas draw the Nile past forward in what Schomburg would call the use of the “reclaimed background.” Their complex rosters of spatial compression produce the aesthetic shock of historical compression, within a wider effort to transform and break open the Nile’s anchorage in the temporarily and culturally remote.
Appréhender l’âgisme au prisme du sexisme et du classisme grâce à La Vieillesse
Authors: Bichet Marlène
Published: April 2024

Cinquante ans après sa publication, l’essai de Beauvoir La Vieillesse offre une étude du vieillissement toujours actuelle, qui dénonce l’âgisme de manière originale. Le présent article montre comment l’analyse croisée de Beauvoir nous aide à penser différemment l’âgisme contemporain, notamment en expliquant comment il est exacerbé par le classisme et le sexisme.
Security Analysis of Differential Chaotic Keying in Optical Communication
Authors: Guo Rui-Qiang , Zhang Ya-Pin , Hu Jing-Qi , Ji Pei-Yong , Li Min
Published: April 2024

Space free optical communication (FSO) has the advantages of wide bandwidth resources, less susceptibility to attacks, strong resistance to interference, and low losses. The FSO system itself has high security, with the realization of single photon detection technology, the stealer
can obtain information without blocking the beam propagation. So using chaotic encryption methods can further improve the security performance of communication systems. This article uses a gamma gamma turbulence model and utilizes the differential chaotic shift keying (DCSK) method of communication
systems to improve the system’s resistance to attacks. The theoretical expression of the system error rate under this model is derived, and the security performance of the system is further analyzed. Through experimental simulation, it is proved that the system has better resistance
to attacks and lower bit error rates.