bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Competencies in the Educational Process of Training Future Specialists in the “Labour Training and Technologies” Speciality
Authors: Debre Oleksii , Vakulenko Nadiia , Savchenko Anastasiia , Lysenko Larysa , Kondor Marianna , Kis Alla
Published: March 2023

From a theoretical point of view, Ukrainian education for teachers of the "Labour training and technologies" specialty is in the process of searching for effective methods that would ensure the future education of schoolchildren through the transfer of relevant competencies, which are regulated by education standards. Such competencies have been analyzed in the present research. In addition, the theoretical developments of both domestic and foreign teachers, in particular, of Scandinavian countries, are taken into account in the formation of labor education for schoolchildren. The present research pays particular attention to the newest standpoint in the assessment of the perception of competencies and their understanding by students of the "Labour Training and Technologies" specialty. The academic paper represents the results of acquiring the competencies by students of the "Labour training and technologies" specialty at the Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University named after Volodymyr Vynnychenko. The main revealed regularities indicate the fact that students of the corresponding specialty quite superficially understand the role and significance of mastering the competencies defined by the standard of Ukrainian education. A characteristic feature of acquiring the competencies by students is their awareness of civic and social competencies. Competencies in the field of natural sciences, engineering and technology, and innovation are perceived by them to a lower rank. The research has identified the most painful problems regarding competencies that are not perceived by students, namely: creative activity, information, a communication component, and culture. Insufficient attention is paid to mathematical competence, financial literacy, and the environmental component. The results of the present research have indicated the need for additional discussions on the methods of perception of competencies by students to improve the educational process and curricula towards increasing learning efficiency. The research results obtained create opportunities for a more flexible expansion of applying existing digital systems in the formation of competencies according to educational standards and the implementation of a motivational approach in increasing the level of self-development of students and teachers of the "Labour Training and Technologies" specialty.
Immune response dynamics of recent and chronic small ruminant lentivirus infection in the male reproductive system
Authors: Peixoto Renato Mesquita , Andrioli Alice , Pinheiro Raymundo Rizaldo , Souza Kelma Costa de , Araújo Juscilânia Furtado , Sousa Ana Lídia Madeira de , Lopes Ana Kelry Carneiro , Souza Samara Cristina Rocha
Published: March 2023

The objective of this study was to analyze the immune responses of bucks to small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) with a focus on the reproductive system of males with recent and chronic infection. A total of 12 bucks were selected, six seronegative and six seropositive with chronic natural infection for more than 18 months (chronic infection group). After selecting the animals, the six seronegative males were intravenously inoculated with caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV)-Co viral strain at a titer of 10-5,6 TCID50/mL. After viral inoculation, this group was called the recent infection group and was monitored weekly with the chronically infected group for 180 days with blood serum and seminal plasma Western Blot (WB) analysis. Of the animals with chronic SRLV infection, 18.94% (50/264) showed anti-SRLV antibodies in at least one of the samples, and 81.06% (214/264) were negative. Anti-SRLV antibodies were detected in 27.27% (36/132) of the blood serum samples from this group, while 10.60% (14/132) were reactive in the seminal plasma WB test. The animals inoculated with CAEV-Co became seropositive after the third week of viral inoculation. In this group, 31.06% (41/132) of seminal plasma samples had anti-SRLV antibodies, and of these, 70.73% (29/41) coincided with blood serum results. Of the remaining 29.27% (12/41), the seminal plasma sample of only three animals (RIA2, RIA3, and RIA5) had anti-SRLV antibodies. One of the animals with a recent infection presented anti-SRLV antibodies only in seminal plasma samples, possibly due to virus compartmentalization. Intermittent viral shedding was observed in both biological samples, regardless of the infection stage. The immune response in bucks with recent SRLV infection is more significant than in chronically infected animals. Regardless of the stage of infection, there is a fluctuation in antibody levels, therefore, this creates a risk of false-negative samples when performing the diagnosis.
Soybean growth and nitrogen accumulation by soybeans in response to desiccation times of Urochloa brizantha pasture and nitrogen fertilization
Authors: Werner Flávia , Balbinot  Junior Alvadi Antonio , Ferreira André Sampaio , Franchini Julio Cezar , Debiasi Henrique , Silva Marcelo Augusto de Aguiar e
Published: March 2023

The desiccation time of high-biomass pasture and nitrogen (N) fertilization of pasture and soybean can influence the soybean sowing, establishment and growth. The objective of this study was to evaluate how the time of desiccation of the preceding pasture of Urochloa brizantha cv. BRS Piatã, cultivated at three levels of N, and by the soybean N fertilization affect soybean growth and N accumulation. Three N rates (0; 150 and 300 kg ha-1), broadcast as urea on the U. brizantha pasture were evaluated separately in each N level, every one considered as one experiment. In each experiment, five times of pasture desiccation were evaluated (60; 45; 30; 15, and 1 day before soybean sowing) and two levels of soybean N fertilization: 30 kg ha-1 (urea) broadcast at sowing or without N fertilization. A randomized complete block design with five replications was used. Early desiccation of U. brizantha pasture favors the establishment of soybean and promotes an increase in biomass and N accumulation in the vegetative stages, however these differences are not observed during the grain filling, regardless the soybean N fertilization. The soybean yield was not influenced by the desiccation time. N fertilization with 30 kg ha-1 at sowing intensifies soybean growth at the vegetative phase, but after full flowering, there were no effects on biomass and grain yield, independently of the desiccation time.
Manajemen Organisasi dalam Peningkatan Kinerja OSIS di MTs Ar-Rahman Nglaban Jombang
Authors: Naelasari Desy , Salamah Fitria Umi
Published: March 2023

The purposes of this research are. To describe the performance of the OSIS at MTs Ar-Rahman Nglaban, Jombang. To describe organizational management in improving OSIS performance at MTs Ar-Rahman Nglaban Jombang. In order to know the supporting and inhibiting factors in improving OSIS performance at MTs Ar-Rahman Nglaban Jombang. This research is a qualitative field research. The method used is a qualitative method with a qualitative descriptive design with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Furthermore, data analysis was carried out using descriptive. The results of the study showed that: the performance of the student council at MTs Ar-Rahman Nglaban Jombang has increased compared to before seen from the enthusiastic participation of student council students in carrying out student council activities. But there are still some student council students who are lazy to participate in student council activities. Organizational management can be seen clearly from the organizational structure, where the OSIS administrators already have their respective duties and responsibilities. Through the management of this organization, they receive guidance and direction from the Head of Madrasah, Deputy Student Affairs, and OSIS Advisors. The supporting factors are teachers, parents, budget, facilities and infrastructure. While the inhibiting factors are the lack of experience in organizing, the osis administrators do not understand work and peers.
Transfusion requirements in elective open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair: a network review of practice
Authors:   Dorset and Wiltshire Vascular Network, Leatherby RJ , Godfrey AD
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Patients undergoing elective open abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair are considered a high-risk group for transfusion, with transfusion rates quoted around 15%. In the context of an NHS blood transfusion (NHSBT) Amber Alert, it is suggested that surgeries with a high risk of transfusion (>15%) are postponed unless otherwise clinically indicated. This review of network elective open AAA activity aimed to improve our understanding of transfusion requirements and risk profile. Methods: National Vascular Registry data for patients undergoing elective open AAA repair in the Dorset and Wiltshire Vascular Network (DWVN) between January 2019 and February 2022 inclusive were retrospectively reviewed and cross-referenced with electronic patient records, pathology results, transfusion database and theatre records. Results: Ninety patients (seven women and 83 men) undergoing elective open AAA repair were identified. Seven (7.8%) patients required a postoperative transfusion. Conclusion: This contemporary review suggests elective open AAA repair should continue during an NHSBT amber alert as the risk of transfusion is lower than previously reported.
Impact of Some Climatic Variables on the Yields of Boro Rice in Bangladesh
Authors: Karmokar Provash Kumar , Shitan Mahendran , Beg A. B. M. Rabiul Alam , Ali Md. Idris
Published: March 2023

Bangladesh is primarily an Agriculture based country and its economy largely depends on the agriculture. Weather and climate are key determinants of the productivity of crops grown in an agrarian country like Bangladesh. Boro rice constitutes a large share in the domestic food grain of the country. Sometimes its production affected by some climatic factors. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the likely climatic factors for Boro rice production in Bangladesh. In this study we employed traditional OLS method and recent Bootstrap technique to identify the influential climatic factors on Boro rice production. Our study revealed that the considered variables rainfalls (RAIN), maximum temperature (MAX), minimum temperature (MIN) and wind speed (WIND) have significant effect on Boro rice production both by OLS and Bootstrap method. Bootstrap method exhibits lower standard errors in comparison to the OLS method indicating that this estimate could be useful in Boro rice production of Bangladesh. The messages from this study could be useful for the policy makers of the country.
Tar and timber : Governing forest commons in seventeenth century Northern Finland
Authors: Starlander Jakob
Published: March 2023

This thesis investigates how peasants regulated and shared forest resources in North Ostrobothnia during the seventeenth century where large-scale tar and timber production took place. The forests were owned as commons by peasant communities on village and parish level and became increasingly exploited during the century. The aim of the thesis is to demonstrate how the growing importance of forest resources affected the ability of peasants to govern and share forest resources in a sustainable way. Focus is therefore put on the institutional organisation of peasant communities and emphasises the complexity of how governance within village and parish communities developed. Three interrelated dimensions of sustainability are considered: ecological, institutional, and economic sustainability. The thesis also seeks to explain how burghers and Swedish state officials influenced this development. This is done by qualitatively and quantitatively analysing local district protocols, maps, and Swedish legislation. The thesis shows how peasant communities achieved balance between the three dimensions of sustainability. This ensured that they did not undermine the ecological underpinnings on which they depended, that their institutional organisation remained robust, and that they could make a living. This was possible through the prioritisation of rules and borders through collective action. The thesis also shows an increasing level of nestedness within peasant communities. This development was both enabled and inhibited by the peasants’ relation to burghers and Swedish state officials who became involved in the nestedness of peasant institutions.
Recurrent meningioma: When to intervene
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States, Hosseini-Siyanaki Mohammad-Reza , Segherlou Zahra Hasanpour ,   Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States, Liu Sophie ,   Department of Neuroscience, University of Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States, A. Azab Mohammed ,   Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, Khan Majid ,   4College of Medicine, University of Reno, Reno, NV, United States, Lucke-Wold Brandon ,   Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
Published: March 2023

Meningioma occurs most frequently as a benign tumor central nervous system that is common in old females. Radiation exposure and deletion of the NF2 gene are known risk factors. However, there is no consensus about the role of sex hormones. Meningiomas are usually benign tumors, but 6% can be anaplastic or atypical. Most asymptomatic patients do not require treatment, but complete surgical resection is recommended for symptomatic patients. If a tumor returns after being resected previously, it is recommended to be resected, followed by radiotherapy in some cases. Meningiomas (benign, atypical, and malignant) recurring after standard treatment fails could be treated with hormone therapy, chemotherapy, target therapy, and calcium channel blockers.
COPUOS: Current and Future Challenges
Authors: Kendall David , Brachet Gérard
Published: March 2023

The United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UN COPUOS) has an impressive record of being in the vanguard for over sixty years in leading the development of multilateral treaties, principles, guidelines and best practices to assist states and non-governmental organizations in ensuring the safety, security and sustainability of outer space activities for peaceful purposes. However, there are currently several stresses and challenges relating to the governance of the Committee suggesting that COPUOS is in jeopardy of losing this leadership in providing this essential guidance for the global space community. In this article we outline some of these stresses and propose that COPUOS or the UN General Assembly (UNGA), to which the Committee reports, conducts a review and analysis of the organization and method of work of the Committee to determine if adjustments might be adopted in order to deliver its mandate more effectively.

COPUOS, Outer Space Treaty, United Nations General Assembly, UNOOSA
Space Security in the Indo-Pacific
Authors: Rajagopalan Rajeswari Pillai
Published: March 2023

The Indo-Pacific region is going through a geopolitical flux. This is reflected in the space security domain as well, with many Indo-Pacific space programs assuming a military space character. The establishment of dedicated military space institutions and the adoption of defence space strategies by a number of Indo- Pacific space powers are indicative of the securitization of space. This essay provides an analytical overview of the changing space security dynamics in the Indo-Pacific. This overview examines the many contextualizing factors – including the US-China space rivalry, the growth of counter-space capabilities, and the crowded and contested nature of space – each of which has contributed to the changing space security dynamics. The article concludes with some comments about what the future of space security might look like and the possible Indian role, especially as it relates to space security governance.

Space security, Indo-Pacific, Counter-space capabilities, ASATs, Anti-satellite weapons, Cyber and electronic warfare in space, Directed Energy Weapons, Global governance, space governance, PLASSF, Defence Space Agency
Substance carve-out and function-risk analysis in the ATAD’s CFC rule as two sides of the same coin: Strengths and limits of a uniform concept of abuse
Authors: Geringer Stefanie
Published: March 2023

When the European Union lawmakers introduce two implementation options for a mandatory anti-abuse rule – as they have done under the controlled foreign company (CFC) rule of the Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive (ATAD) – there is a real risk that these provisions will be attributed materially different abuse tests. This could call into question the assumption of a uniform EU concept of abuse materializing in the general principle of prohibition of abuse, and sow the seeds for additional forms of undesirable tax planning strategies. This article shows that the abuse tests of both implementation options of the ATAD’s CFC rule prescribe an identical abuse test and that beyond the limits of the harmonization effect, a single concept of abuse applies to all CFC situations as long as the scope of EU corporate tax law is affected.

Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive, controlled foreign company rule, uniform concept of abuse
Article: May a Country Tax a Subsequent Restructuring Under the Merger Directive?
Authors: Kondej Mikołaj , Wicher Mateusz
Published: March 2023

The article concerns the compatibility with the merger directive of Polish regulations introduced as of 1 January 2022, according to which a restructuring (merger, demerger or exchange of shares) is not tax neutral for a given shareholder if it involves allotment of shares in exchange of shares which were obtained as a result of a prior restructuring. For the purpose of this analysis, the authors take a deep look at the nature of deferral provided in Article 8 of the merger directive and summarize the case law and the doctrine views. While they acknowledge many areas of dispute around the concept of the deferral, they conclude that irrespective of the approach adopted, taxation of shareholders solely because they exchange shares granted to them as a result of a previous restructuring is not in line with the directive. Regardless of the above, the authors also discuss whether Article 8(6) of the directive provides for a right of a Member State to tax gain which arose until the moment of the restructuring if, as a result of the restructuring, the taxing right under a double taxation treaty (DTT) is transferred to another Member State.

Merger directive, 2009/133/EC, 90/434/EEC, shareholder, allotment of shares, merger, demerger, exchange of shares
Article: Shades of Transparency: DAC6 and the Client- Attorney Privilege
Authors: Greggi Marco
Published: March 2023

Tax Law has become more and more a data-centric discipline through the years. The struggle against international tax avoidance and evasion has pushed the European union to pass a number of directives regulating the exchange of information and the taxpayers’ duty to disclose information and data concerning their business and investments.

The article considers DAC6 (Directive on Administrative Cooperation, Council Directive 2018/822) a qualitative change in this scenario, as it appears to erode the client-attorney privilege. It imposes, for the first time, a duty of transparency to intermediaries such as consultants and (potentially) lawyers which is in collision with fundamental rights, eventually casting a shadow on the due process clause and (indirectly) the rule of law.

The central part of the article focuses on the extension of the privilege in tax law, trying to strike a balance between the need to curb tax avoidance and to preserve the due process clause. The findings are that the client-attorney relationship is one of the pillars the rule of law is built on, it should be preserved in the field of taxation too and eventually that no directive or regulation have the power to waive it.

The conclusion is that DAC6 is to be considered a step in the wrong direction by the European legislator as the first ruling of the CJEU (Court of Justice of the European Union) seems to confirm.

Merger directive, 2009/133/EC, 90/434/EEC, shareholder, allotment of shares, merger, demerger, exchange of shares
Article: Excise Duty Directive 2020/262: Towards a Digitalized and Customs Oriented Excise Law
Authors: Bieber Thomas , Schmaranzer Denise
Published: March 2023

The provisions of the Excise Directive 2020/262 to be applied as from 13 February 2023 aim to link excise and customs law more closely and to further advance the digitalization of excise processes. The authors argue that, notwithstanding the recast of the Directive, harmonization has not yet reached its full potential due to numerous options granted to the Member States. Furthermore, the linkage between excise and customs law raises fundamental questions regarding the justification of an automated incurrence of an excise duty debt in cases of a customs debt incurred through non-compliance. Finally, the authors show that the Excise Directive 2020/262 does not conflict with the planned recast of the Energy Tax Directive presented as part of the Green Deal in July 2021.

Customs Law; Digitalization; Directive 2020/262; Directive 2003/96/EC; Excise Law; Excise Duty Directive; Energy Taxation Directive
Exploring the Suitability of Arbitration for Settling ESG and Human Rights Disputes
Authors: Vannieuwenhuyse Gauthier
Published: March 2023

Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) and Human Rights (HR) have become two of the most widely discussed topics in the last few years for businesses and law firms alike, but to what extent can ESG and HR issues be resolved through arbitration? This article examines the ESG and HR obligations that currently exist for companies, and analyses their gradual shift from soft law to binding hard law obligations. The rising number of ESG and HR related hard law obligations, paired with the increasing commercial awareness of the importance of ESG and HR, naturally leads to a greater potential for disputes. This article explores to what extent arbitration may be an appropriate dispute resolution method for these claims. In particular, it recognizes that although limitations to arbitration (such as in transparency and third party participation) exist, amendments have already been made to institutional rules to better position arbitration towards handling ESG and HR disputes. With the continuation of this trend, it is expected that arbitration will be more commonly used to resolve ESG and HR disputes.

ESG, Environmental, Social, Governance, Human Rights, Dispute, Arbitration, ADR, Climate Change, Sustainability
Enforcement of Awards v. Enforcement of Judgments in the EU: Arbitration Must Catch Up
Authors: Herinckx Yves
Published: March 2023

Arbitral awards are easier to enforce across borders than court judgments, through the New York Convention, and this is one of arbitration’s key advantages compared to court litigation. In the European Union, however, this comparative advantage has been lost since the Brussels I Regulation Recast provides for the enforcement of judgments throughout the Union without the need for a local exequatur, whilst arbitral awards still require enforcement proceedings in each country. This article submits that arbitration must catch up and proposes a limited amendment to the recast Regulation, providing that arbitral awards issued in the European Union are capable of enforcement throughout the Union on the basis of a single exequatur in the jurisdiction of the seat. The proposed single exequatur at the seat will be optional; there will be no ‘double exequatur’ requirement.

arbitration, award, enforcement, exequatur, recognition, single exequatur, Brussels I Regulation Recast, New York Convention, parallel proceedings
Article: The Impact of Multilateral and Unilateral Measures on Profit-Shifting from South Africa to Mauritius
Authors: Botha Carli , Ramfol Roshelle , Swart Odette
Published: March 2023

The Mauritian global business sector’s favourable tax regime, combined with its extensive treaty network, has made it an attractive investment hub for investments into Africa. Aggressive tax planning strategies targeted at shifting profits to lower tax jurisdictions such as Mauritius, have eroded many higher tax jurisdictions’ tax bases. An exodus of (taxable) funds from South Africa to Mauritius is evident from South Africa’s listing as one of the top five contributors to Mauritius’s foreign direct investments (FDIs). While the base erosion and profit-shifting (BEPS) action plan is aimed at curbing profit-shifting practices, limited research is available on the successful implementation of the BEPS action plan. This article conducts a review of the implementation of the BEPS action plan by both jurisdictions, namely Mauritius (as a low tax jurisdiction) and South Africa (as a high tax jurisdiction). The success of the BEPS action plan in curbing profit-shifting practices from South Africa to Mauritius is measured in conjunction with the South African anti-avoidance legislation. The findings highlight that only Action 5 has been successfully adopted by both South Africa and Mauritius. A preliminary analysis was conducted which indicates that the implementation of the BEPS action plan will not result in less profit-shifting, due to gaps in the South African anti-avoidance legislation that facilitates these profit-shifting practices. It is suggested that the implementation of the BEPS action plan by higher tax jurisdictions should be prioritized. This article contributes to scholarship on evaluating the effectiveness of the BEPS action plan minimum standards for African countries.

Action 5, aggressive tax planning strategies, base erosion and profit-shifting, base erosion and profit-shifting action plan, global business companies, foreign direct investments, Mauritius global business sector, minimum standards, offshore trust, profit-shifting, South African anti-avoidance legislation, tax avoidance, tax planning vehicles.
The EU 2022 International Procurement Regulation Enters in to Force Reciprocity
Authors: Dawar Kamala
Published: March 2023

After ten years in the making, in 2022, the European Union adopted an International Procurement Instrument (IPI). This article examines how the 2022 IPI seeks to regulate the access of third-country economic operators, goods and services to the Union’s public procurement markets, as well as how it intends to support negotiations on access of Union economic operators, goods and services to the public procurement markets of third countries. After setting out the background to the IPI proposal, the article identifies the main features in terms of its’ scope and coverage, procedures and obligations. The article then highlights key changes in design since the IPI was originally proposed in 2012 and again in the 2016 Amended Proposal. The article assesses the potential of the IPI to meet its’ objectives without provoking retaliation or challenges from its’ trading partners or placing an undue burden on the EU procurement process and businesses. It concludes that the 2022 IPI is better suited as a political tool for encouraging negotiations than as an effective economic instrument to create a level playing field in government procurement markets.

EU International Procurement Instrument (IPI), government procurement, EU trade policy, reciprocity, WTO Government Procurement Agreement (WTO GPA), WTO Article III.8 (a), protectionism
REPRODUÇÃO DE QUEIXADAS (TAYASSU PECARI) EM CATIVEIRO: ESTRATÉGIA DE CONSERVAÇÃO EX SITU PARA UMA ESPÉCIE AMEAÇADA
Authors: Vieira Renan Luiz Albuquerque , Oliveira Adriele Nonato , De Jesus Rodrigo José Araújo , Dos Santos Marilúcia Campos , De Faria Barbra Gabriela Oliveira
Published: March 2023

Queixada é um mamífero pertencente à família Tayassuidae. Na natureza, desempenha um importante papel na recomposição e manutenção das florestas, por atuar na dispersão e predação de sementes e plântulas. Contudo, devido à caça e destruição de seu hábitat a espécie encontra-se em declínio ao longo da sua área de ocorrência, sendo, portanto, classificada como vulnerável pela União Internacional para Conservação da Natureza. Desta forma, medidas que evitem a extinção dessa espécie precisam ser estudadas. Portanto, objetivou-se, por meio desta revisão crítica e sistemática de literatura, trazer uma compilação de dados para que se possa compreender a biologia dos queixadas e, consequentemente, contribuir com alternativas para reprodução da espécie em cativeiro, visando a sua conservação. A criação sustentável de queixada em cativeiro, além de apresentar-se como estratégia de conservação, por aumentar sua população, possibilita sua reintrodução em áreas onde ocorreram extinções da espécie, possibilitando de amenizar a pressão de caça sobre animais de vida livre, reduzindo, portanto, o declínio populacional desta espécie vulnerável à extinção.
Osteoporosis an overview: Prevention and control
Authors: Naqvi Rehan
Published: March 2023

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by loss of bone mass and deterioration of bone architecture, leading to increased fragility and increased risk of fracture. The bones of the spine and hip are most commonly affected, but any bone in the body can be affected. It is a major public health problem with social, health, and economic impacts that causes pain, functional limitation, and severe impairment of quality of life. Diagnosis is based on bone mineral density measurements, with a T-score <-2.5 indicating osteoporosis and a T-score ≥-2.5 but <-1 indicating osteopenia. Prevention and treatment include modification of risk factors such as smoking, physical activity, and diet, as well as pharmacological intervention. Osteomalacia, a less common disorder, occurs when a bone is insufficiently mineralized, leading to bone loss, bone pain, myopathy, fatigue, and fractures.
AUTOMATION SERVICES IN OBJECT ORIENTED FRAMEWORK IN SYSTEM SOFTWARE TESTING
Authors:   Hyderabad Institute of Technology and Management, Shaista Sheeba , Adithya G V S
Published: March 2023

The use of automation services can significantly reduce the time and effort required to test complex systems, while also increasing the accuracy and reliability of test results. By leveraging the principles of object-oriented design, automation services can be integrated seamlessly into existing testing workflows, allowing for more efficient and effective testing of software systems. In addition, the use of automation services can also help to identify and address potential issues earlier in the development process, reducing the risk of costly errors and delays. Overall, the integration of automation services within an object-oriented framework represents a powerful tool for improving the quality and reliability of software systems. For a family of software systems, object-oriented frameworks offer flexible design, implementation, and testing. The classes that directly use or inherit the framework classes are called Framework Interface Classes (FICs). The challenges with automation surrounding the creation and application of FIC adaptable test scenarios are discussed in this study. Framework Interface State Transition Tester (FIST2) is a tool introduced and its prototype is created with this objective in mind. Automation and execution processes are key stages of the overall product development to both the New Product Introduction (NPI) and Production Release processes. Keywords: FIST2, FIC.
Retraction of published article due to the author’s proposal
Authors: Vakaliuk Tetiana
Published: March 2023

Based according to the author's proposal, the editorial board of the Journal of Edge Computing withdraws the paper:Sverdlova, A.D., Zaporozhets, A.O., Bohachev, I.V., Popov, O.O., Iatsyshyn, A.V., Iatsyshyn, A.V., Kovach, V.O., Artemchuk, V.O. and Hrushchynska, N.M., 2022. Dynamic routing protocols for wireless touch networks: a review. Journal of Edge Computing, 1(1), pp.29–42. Available from: https://doi.org/10.55056/jec.571.
T. S. Eliot and Eastern Spirituality
Authors: Singh Ravindra Kumar
Published: March 2023

Eliot's lifestyle exemplifies his religion. The community that the book provides enables not just Eliot to gratify his own aspirations but also enables others to arrive at similar realizations and locate their place. The work is the culmination of Eliot's lengthy quest for structure and wonder in literature. In spite of Eliot's assertion that the letter in question is neither a manifesto nor a plea to society, its contents suggest otherwise. This work is a reflection of his quest to comprehend the inexplicable as well as his transition from Eastern philosophy, which he explored in The Waste Land and Four Quartets, to Western Christianity, which he adhered to until the very end of his life. The world we live in today is ethically bankrupt, and as a result, the physical takes precedence over the spiritual. The end outcome is a psychological imbalance, a crisis, and decadence. The contemporary surroundings of the waste landers and their unthinking dedication to want, which they believe will fill the gap in their psyches, are the root causes of the spiritual conflict that they face. The poet is looking for psychological coherence. The progression from "The Burial of the Dead" to "What the Thunder Said" alludes to the idea of an individual's eventual salvation from within. The ending of "The Waste Land" ushers in a new way of being in the world. Religion helps the contemporary man find transcendence, inner quiet, and coherence in a time when science, atheism, and sexual liberation are the prevailing worldviews. Religion has the power to ease the suffering of the person and unite his fragmented self into a unified and harmonious whole. Eliot looks to several religious practices for comfort. The idea of travel plays a significant role throughout Eliot's poem. When seen through the lens of an individual's pursuit of psychological and spiritual wholeness, the poem demonstrates forward movement.
A Study of Various Medicinal Plants used in Ulcer Treatment: A Review
Authors: Awuchi Chinaza Godswill , Saha Purabi , Amle Vandana Sonaji , Nyarko Richard Owusu , Kumar Roshan , Boateng Edward , Kahwa Ivan , Boateng Paul Owusu , Asum Christian
Published: March 2023

Many people suffer from ulcer, a disorder of the digestive tract. Simply put, it's an inflamed break in the skin or the mucus membrane lining the digestive tract. Whenever there is a change in the equilibrium, such as increased aggression or decreased mucosal resistance, ulceration develops. Reasons for this could include drug use, poor diet, stress, and other similar factors. Peptic ulcers are a general term for any type of stomach or duodenal ulcer. To develop, peptic ulcers need mucosal defences to be compromised in addition to gastric juice acid and peptic activity. Ulcers can be treated with a variety of synthetic medications. However, compared to herbal remedies, these drugs are more costly and more likely to cause side effects. According to the research, many different ayurvedic doctors and traditional medicine practitioners use different medicinal plants and polyherbal formulations to treat ulcers. Peptic ulcer disease treatment should focus on symptom alleviation, ulcer healing, and preventing recurrence. In this article, we'll take a look at some medicinal plants that have been studied for their potential use in peptic ulcer treatment and prevention, both in ayurveda and Western medicine.
BAIRROS NEGROS E CIDADES NEGRAS: CONCEITOS NECESSÁRIOS PARA A INCLUSÃO DAS POPULAÇÕES NEGRAS NAS HISTÓRIAS DA CIDADES BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Cunha Junior Henrique
Published: March 2023

Bairros negros é um conceito que insere as populações negras urbanas nas teorias sobre a produção das cidades. As populações negras são interpretadas através da história do Brasil como consequência dos sistemas de dominação do escravismo criminoso e do capitalismo racista antinegro. Os bairros negros apresentam os elementos da cultura negra, assim como o protagonismo social dessas populações e transcrevem também as precariedades urbanas impostas pelo racismo antinegro. Este artigo aborda as mudanças de paradigmas científicos ocorridas na ciência ocidental no final do século passado. Entre essas mudanças se destaca a produção da filosofia africana e da História Geral da África considerando essa, como parte das conquistas dos movimentos pan-africanistas. No conjunto das transformações apresentadas pela demolição da supremacia da ciência ocidental  hegemônica é que se encontram as críticas ao eurocentrismo e ao brancocentrismo brasileiro e delas surge a necessidade de mudanças de paradigmas científicos, sendo o conceito de bairros negros parte dessas transformações.
“THE TALE” AND “THE CASE OF IGOR’S CAMPAIGN”
(RUSSIA INSIDE OUT IN THE NOVEL BY HOLM VAN ZAICHIK)
Authors: Pautkin Alexey
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the literary reception of Th e Tale of Igor’s
Campaign, which can undoubtedly be called a precedent text of Russian culture. The
recognition of individual fragments of the record used in speech and texts of various
genres is high. Th e unparalleled significance of the “Igor Tale” developed gradually,
under the influence of many factors. During the 19th century, there was a kind of
intermedial field of influence of the Old Russian work, manifested primarily in a
variety of lyric poetry responses.
In prose, the precedent of the “Igor Tale” gains strength only in the 20th century,
largely under the influence of scientific publications. A certain canonization of the
meanings of the work made it impossible or even unacceptable to reduce them to
ironic reading until recently. However, at the very beginning of the 21st century,
in the context of postmodernism, there was evidence of a departure from the tradition
of searching for the sublime and timeless in the “Word”. Holm van Zaichik’s novel
“Th e Case of Igor’s Campaign” (2001) is based on a travestied demonstration of the
whole complex of ideas about the “Igor Tale”. It is contrasted with well-known
responses in the 19th-20th-century literature. Researchers of the modern literary
process find it difficult to determine the genre of the novel, in which there are features
of fiction, detective and even dystopia. One way or another, all these components
belong to the genre forms that are most in demand today among the mass reader,
which suggests a completely new stage of reception of the ancient Russian monument
in contemporary literature.
N I C H I P O R O V I. B. RUSSKAYA LITERATURA I
PRAVOSLAVIE: PUTI DIALOGA V ISTORII I
SOVREMENNOSTI (RUSSIAN LITERATURE AND
ORTHODOXY: Ways of dialogue in history and modernity).
Textbook for students of higher educational institutions
specialising in philology, fi eld of study “Philology”. Moscow:
MAKS Press, 2022. — 232 pp.
Authors: Kikhnei Liubov’
Published: March 2023

The review is definitely positive. It briefly describes the range of material
discussed in the book, comments on its selection, evaluates and explains the benefits
of the book as a textbook not only for higher but also for secondary school.
JEAN RENART’S NOVELS
(L’ESCOUFLE, GUILLAUME DE DOLE) AND THE ISSUE
OF THE “REALISTIC MEDIEVAL NOVEL”
Authors: Teplyakova Daria
Published: March 2023

This article highlights the difference between Jean Renart’s novels and
French novels of the “golden” 12th century. Its main feature is the absence of magic
and Breton material. Instead, Jean Renart and some other 13th-century authors build
their novels on the “material of reality”. During the 20th century, these novels were
considered examples of the so-called “medieval realism”. Th e idea was introduced
by French medievalist Anthime Fourier, who distinguished an “escape novel” (roman
évasion) and a “mirror novel” (roman mirroir). Th e latter is a “refl ection” of reality,
and the former is based on the Breton or Ancient Greek material. However, this
distinction is controversial: the concept of “refl ection” of reality cannot be applied
to 13th-century texts. More likely, the elements of “reality” — description of food,
clothes, character’s appearance, and gestures — are also artistically transformed
material, similar to the Breton material. They have a particular function and influence
a character’s image and plot development. In this article, we analyze the elements of
the “material of reality” and show how they are integrated in the novel’s universe.
Also, this research provides a better insight into Jean Renart’s artistic methods: the
“material of reality” becomes a canvas of which his text is made, transforming a
“conte” into a “romans”.
FREEMASONRY IN THE LIFE AND WORK OF APOLLON
GRIGORIEV
Authors: Podosokorsky Nikolay
Published: March 2023

The article touches upon a set of questions about the role of Freemasonry in the writer’s life and how Masonic teaching was expressed in his texts.
Grigoriev considered himself a hereditary mason and, according to his confession,
“believed in some mysterious connection” of his soul with the soul of his late grand-father, the mason Ivan Grigoriev. A friend of Grigoriev’s youth and his comrade at
Moscow University, the poet Afanasy Fet recalled that Grigoriev had repeatedly told
him “about his admission to the Masonic lodge”. Freemasonry and Hermeticism
also inspired (directly or indirectly) the literary pseudonym of the poet: “A. Trismegistov”. Grigoriev’s Masonic Hymns (1845) are considered in the context of the
hymns of the Russian Masons of the late 18th — fi rst quarter of the 19th centuries.
Th e “Masonic plot” of the play Two Egoisms (1845) and the Masonic subtext of the
novels One of Many (1846) and Th e Other of Many (1847) are also analyzed. In his
later works, Ap. Grigoriev acted as a bold innovator, portraying Masonic heroes at
a time when Freemasonry was offi cially banned in Russia, and depicted them not
retrospectively, but as his contemporaries, i.e. people of the forties.
ON THE CONTRASTIVE METHOD IN LINGUISTIC
STUDIES
Authors: Inkova Olga
Published: March 2023

The article specifies the place of contrastive linguistics in linguistic
research, how it is different from the other linguistic disciplines based on language
comparison: comparative-historical linguistics, translation studies and typology. In
particular, the author comments on one of the main concepts of contrastive linguistics
formulated by A.A. Reformatsky: when comparing facts of language, one must study those descriptive categories in which these facts are presented in each of the languages.
Using a number of examples of Russian (conjunctions a to, prichem and the
preposition krome), the author shows that comparing languages can lead to a revision
of the categorial apparatus in a particular grammar area of one of them. This becomes
possible due to the development of new contrastive analysis methods, for instance,
unidirectional and bidirectional analysis. Thus, contrastive linguistics can solve not
only practical problems, mostly related to foreign languages teaching, but also
contribute to theoretical language description.
MEMORIES OF BORIS EGOROV
Authors: Rumanovskaia Elena
Published: March 2023

The memoir article describes Boris Fedorovich Egorov’s lectures on
the theory of literature, which the author of the memoirs listened to and took notes
of as a student at Herzen Leningrad Pedagogical Institute in 1977–1978. The paper
tackles the discussion in these lectures of Kierkegaard, Jaspers, Heidegger, M. Kagan
(names that had been largely unknown to the students), as well as features of Boris
Egorov’s outlook on the contemporary Russian literature studies. Episodes of
the later professional and personal communication between Boris Egorov and
the author are outlined, Boris Egorov’s letters are quoted (from the author’s archive).
C H E K A L O V K. A. OCHERKI ISTORII I TIPOLOGII
FRANTSUZSKOY MASSOVOY PROZY XIX — NACHALA
XX VEKA (ESSAYS ON THE HISTORY AND TYPOLOGY OF FRENCH
MASS PROSE OF THE 19th– EARLY 20th CENTURY). —
St.Petersburg: Nestor-History, 2022. — 286 pp.
Authors: Pakhsarian Natalia
Published: March 2023

The review analyses a book by K. A. Chekalov — a well-known scholar,
Doctor of Philology, Head of the Department of Classical Literatures of the West
and Comparative Literature Studies. His work continues the series of studies of mass
French literature from its origins to the beginning of the last century. Th e author
does not aim to cover all the phenomena of mass literature over a century and a half,
trying at the same time to fi ll the gaps in their research, to turn to the least studied
works of those novelists which his predecessors had already addressed (Eugène Sue,
Alexandre Dumas, Maurice Leblanc), to the less explored writers (Paul Feval, Ponson
du Terailles, Xavier de Montepin, etc.), as well as those famous writers whose
relationship to mass literature is still ambiguous (Jules Verne). Comprising 11 essays,
Chekalov’s monograph not only provides an insight into the poetics and function
of the mass novel in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century France, but also shows
the nature of its reception in Russia, from the fi rst published translations to the
publications of the 2000s.
P A U T K I N A. A. OT KNIZHNOSTI K LITERATURE
(IZ LEKCIY I NABLYUDENIY): SBORNIK STATEY
(RUSSIAN LITERATURE, FROM MEDIAEVAL TO MODERN
(LECTURES AND OBSERVATIONS): COLLECTED PAPERS).
MOSCOW, 2020. — 240 p.
Authors: Trakhtenberg Lev
Published: March 2023

The new book by Alexey Pautkin, professor at Lomonosov Moscow
State University, is a collection of papers on various aspects of Russian literary history. Th e book comprises two parts, the fi rst one concerning mediaeval and the
second modern literature. The book features diverse research approaches, comparing mediaeval and modern as well as Russian and foreign literature and interweaving criticism with adjacent disciplines, from chronology to art history and cultural
studies.
Método fartlek como factor predominante de la resistencia aeróbica de trail running.
Authors: Bermeo Guamán Jorge Andrés , Bravo Navarro Wilson Hernando , Romero Frómeta Edgardo
Published: March 2023

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue aplicar un programa de entrenamiento basado en el método Fartlek como factor predominante en deportistas de Trail Running del Team Pro Runners de la ciudad de Cuenca para mejorar la resistencia aeróbica. El estudio asumió un diseño preexperimental con un enfoque cuantitativo y un alcance descriptivo. La muestra y población fueron 8 deportistas de nivel amateur de sexo masculino con una edad promedio de 34,7 años. Como instrumento evaluativo se utilizó el Test de Cooper antes y después del programa de entrenamiento, además se empleó una ficha técnica. Para el desarrollo de este programa se utilizó un macrociclo ATR en un período de 12 semanas donde se prioriza el método Fartlek Líder y Cross en las sesiones de entrenamiento, considerando el estado físico individual de los atletas se aplicaron las cargas adecuadas en cada uno de ellos. Dentro de los principales resultados se pudo evidenciar una mejora en el VO2MÁX, FC y distancia en la mayoría de los sujetos al momento de aplicar el post test, existieron cambios mínimos en su peso.