bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A model-informed analysis of battery electrodes using non-contact air-coupled ultrasound
Authors: Tayamen André Matthew R. , Amsterdam Sam , Chang Wesley
Published: February 2025

Non-destructive, in-line battery electrode metrology techniques are critical for reducing material waste, limiting equipment downtime, and improving production yields. This study demonstrates non-contact, air-coupled ultrasound as a technique for evaluating battery electrode films. First, an analytical model was derived from fundamental acoustic wave propagation principles to determine acoustic density. Acoustic density maps of electrode films revealed features that are not visually apparent, attributed to mass gradients. The technique was used to evaluate several applications, such as the impact of calendering and the effect of metal impurities on acoustic density. In all applications, quantitative and statistically significant analyses demonstrated the technique's capabilities for characterizing inhomogeneities within electrode films in a non-contact and non-invasive manner.
PROPERTIES, EFFECTS AND CHEMICAL & BIOLOGICAL METHOD OF SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES
Authors: MALI VARUN
Published: February 2025

The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have gained significant attention due to their remarkable properties. Due to the electrical and catalytic properties of silver nanoparticles it is greatly exploited commercially. However, silver nanoparticles adversely affect the environment and can have hazardous, detrimental toxic effects on mammals, non-mammals and plants. The properties of silver nanoparticles greatly depend on the synthesis process conditions such as process type, temperature, pH, concentration of precursor, reducing agents and capping agents used. In this review we have discussed the bottom-up approach which is categorized into chemical synthesis and green synthesis. The chemical synthesis is a conventional method which is used to synthesize silver nanoparticles. However, it does possess major disadvantages as compared to the green synthesis. The green synthesis has gained a significant interest among the researchers as an alternative route to effectively synthesize silver nanoparticles with varying morphology. Green synthesis methods such as viral-biotemplates synthesis using TMV has gained specific attention as it is used in the synthesis of 1D silver nanostructure. The advantages and disadvantages of bottom-up method of silver nanoparticle synthesis is also discussed. This article also provides a critical review on the properties and effects of silver nanostructures.
Entropy-based Regularized Regression for Advanced Distribution of Relaxation Times Deconvolution
Authors: Py Baptiste , Wang Zilong , Ciucci Francesco , Wang Yuhao
Published: February 2025

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) coupled with distribution of relaxation times (DRT) analysis is a robust framework for characterizing electrochemical systems. However, DRT deconvolution is often plagued by spurious peaks, hindering accurate process identification and quantitative parameter estimation. To overcome this critical limitation, we rigorously evaluate entropy-based regularization within the standard regularized regression framework for DRT deconvolution. Building upon initial investigations, this study provides a detailed and quantitative evaluation of entropy-regularized DRT using a comprehensive suite of simulated impedance spectra, encompassing various impedance models and noise levels, and experimental data from lithium-ion batteries, fuel cells, and solar cells. Our results demonstrate that entropy regularization consistently outperforms conventional ridge regression, achieving significantly improved accuracy in DRT recovery and effectively eliminating spurious peaks. Furthermore, we demonstrate the novel capabilities of the entropy method for Bayesian DRT uncertainty quantification through sampling and for the simultaneous analysis of multiple impedance spectra. These findings establish entropy-based deconvolution as a superior and versatile technique for robust and insightful electrochemical system characterization, advancing the reliability of DRT analysis in electrochemistry.
TRACE METAL CONCENTRATIONS AND PHYSIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GROUNDWATER AROUND IKWE – ONA REFINERY AND SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT, AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: H.O Nwankwoala, , V. O Oyegun, , Obi Azuonwu , D.C Okujagu, , Asuma Ohwoghere , O.C Akakuru,
Published: February 2025

This study was aimed at assessing the groundwater physicochemical characteristics and concentrations of toxic metals from hydrocarbon impacted communities in Ikwe-onna and Ibeno Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria. A total of 45 water samples were collected from 15 boreholes within the study area using strict/standard sample collection procedure. Samples were taken to the laboratory, prepared and analyzed for toxic metal content using the ttomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). All physical parameters were analyzed in-situ while chemical properties were analyzed in the laboratory. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS. The concentration of Lead in groundwater ranged from 0.02 to 0.65 mg/l. Average range of iron obtained was 0.03 – 0.50mg/l while the average range of cadmium recorded from the 15 sampling locations was from 0.064±0.05 to 0.145±0.0099 mg/l. The mean range of Zinc was from 0.0457±0.00067 – 0.2513±0.025 mg/l. Manganese mean concentration ranged from 0.0917±0.074 – 0.2667±0.058mg/l. mean range of copper range from 0.01 to 0.43mg/l. Mean values for Arsenic were between 0.0012±0.00072 to 0.0061±0.0087mg/l. Al level in groundwater from Ikwe-Onna as 0.01 to 0.13mg/l. Results of physicochemical parameters indicates that temperature and dissolved oxygen were slightly higher than the regulatory standards. This study recommends frequent quality evaluation of groundwater to prevent water quality deterioration.
FEATURES OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE NATIONAL LABOR MARKET IN CONDITIONS OF MILITARY THREAT AND INTERNAL POPULATION DISPLACEMENT
Authors: Akimova Liudmyla , Urchik Gаlina
Published: February 2025

The article presents a comprehensive study of the peculiarities of the functioning of the Ukrainian labour market in the context of modern challenges. The objective is to identify existing problems and transform the state policy in the labour market. The study was conducted based on data from the State Employment Service, the online job search portal Work.ua, and various sociological surveys of labour market participants and experts. The results of the analysis demonstrate that the Ukrainian labour market has undergone significant transformations during the war compared to peacetime. These include: 1) A notable decrease in the number of registered unemployed individuals. 2) A reduction in the proportion of unemployed individuals receiving unemployment benefits. 3) A sharp decline in the number of vacant jobs and employers informing the State Employment Service (SES) about available vacancies. 4) A high burden on vacant jobs. It can be posited that there was a considerable surplus of labour and considerable tension in the registered labour market during the war.

According to the online job search resource Work.ua, the following trends have been identified in the general labour market of Ukraine: ) A «shock» state of the general labour market in 2022, with a gradual stabilisation in 2023. 2) The professional structure of labour demand in the most popular occupations did not change significantly during the war. The most popular occupations in the labour market are sales managers and sales consultants, accountants, and drivers. 3) A decrease in labour demand during the war occurred in several occupations, but the most significant decrease in labour demand occurred in the IT sector. In the majority of western regions, the ratio between professions with an increase or decrease in the number of vacancies favoured the former. In contrast, in the vast majority of eastern and central regions of Ukraine, the balance of changes in the number of vacancies is negative. Furthermore, in the face of threats to life and health, there is an increase in the supply of remote work. It can be stated that the main problems faced by employers when hiring employees are a lack of candidates for positions and an insufficiently qualified applicant pool. In this paper, we prove that the main problems of job seekers in the current conditions are unsatisfactory remuneration, a reduction in the scope of labour application, and age discrimination in the labour market. According to a survey of experts
EMERGING GAMBLING MARKET OF GEORGIA (ECONOMIC DIMENSION)
Authors: Bolkvadze Besik
Published: February 2025

There are many different views on gambling in the history of mankind, which leads to constant debate about the advantages and disadvantages of gambling. In particular, one group of people sees it as a way to have fun and rejuvenate; the second group considers it as a category of moral decline of human beings; the third group views it as social evil and crime-prone behavior; another group deems gambling as a business activity and supports its legalization. Gambling has negative as well as some positive impact on the economy of the country and the society general. The paper considers the challenging issues of the gambling policy of Georgia in recent years from prag­matic as well as conceptual point of view, where the social losses and economic benefits of gambling are presented.

In a purely economic sense, gambling is as much a business as any other business in the business sector, but it differs radically from all other areas of business in the following specifics for the state and the society living in this field: 1. a «set» of extremely high social risks is created, the partial neutralization of which is possible only in case of its best organization; 2. In any country, the gambling business is associated with the ugly and difficult-to-control practice of money laun­dering, which states are struggling with through various monitoring levers and mechanisms.

The work deals with analysis and discussion of the role of gambling business and its importance in economy, objective and subjective factors of increase and development of the gambling segment, effects of its positive and negative influence on stakeholders, fiscal determinants, financial-eco­nomic and social-economic problems of the sector, proper recommendations have been developed on the basis of the theoretical and empirical analysis and conclusions.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN SOCIAL INSURANCE AND INSURANCE
Authors: Pletneva Elizaveta , Zagorska Daria
Published: February 2025

The goal of writing this article is to explore the impact of artificial intelligence on enhancing efficiency and ensuring the competitiveness of insurance companies, as well as to uncover the opportunities and advantages, downsides, and challenges of using digital technologies in social insurance and insurance. Digitalization in this field occurs under the influence of globalization, technological innovations, and changes in demographic trends. The study pays special attention to the impact of digital technologies on insurance processes, including the use of big data and artificial intelligence for personalizing insurance products and optimizing risk assessment and claim processing procedures. The research also focuses on analyzing the effects of these changes on social equity and the accessibility of insurance services for different population strata. This article provides a comprehensive view of the trends and prospects for the development of social insurance and insurance, highlighting both theoretical and practical aspects of reforming these systems in the context of modern socio-economic challenges. The research shows that companies that reject innovation will face higher costs in the future compared to those actively implementing new developments. These companies will also face challenges in attracting high-risk clients, whereas innovations help attract more reliable clients who benefit from personalized products. This article demonstrates that through digitalization of insurance, clients become more satisfied and interested in insurance services, which leads to increased insurance premium revenues. Moreover, digital technologies help reduce costs by optimizing decision-making and reducing risks, thereby enhancing the efficiency of insurance operations and strengthening the competitive advantages of insurers. The advantages of digitization and the use of AI include improved accuracy of risk assessment, process automation, product personalization, fraud detection, and enhanced investment decision-making. The downsides may include data confidentiality issues, the exclusion of the human factor, the risk of algorithm bias, implementation complexity and high costs, and the threat of unemployment.
PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI LIMBAH KACA TERHADAP TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO CAMPURAN BERASPAL ASPHALT CONCRETE-BINDER COURSE
Authors: Syaripin  , Suparma Latif Budi , Mulyono Agus Taufik , Alawy Gholiqul Amrodh , Ardiansyah Ahmad Farid , Septiandri Rohmahillah Aviskanasya
Published: February 2025

Abstract
 
Hot asphalt mixtures require aggregate as the constituent material. In this study, the potential for glass waste to be used as an aggregate substitute is examined. For this reason, a mixture design was determined to obtain the Optimum Asphalt Content of the Asphalt Concrete-Binder Course mixtures using glass waste as a substitute for fine aggregate. The glass waste used is glass waste that passes through sieve No. 50 and retained on sieve No.100. The proportion of glass waste substitution is 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% to the amount of fine aggregate in the mixture. The asphalt mixture in this study was made using the Marshall mixture design method. From this design, the Optimum Asphalt Content is obtained at 5.9% (0% glass waste), 5.4% (25% glass waste), 5.2% (50% glass waste), 5.1% (75% glass waste), and 4.9% (100% glass waste). Next, test spe-cimens were made for Indirect Tensile Strength testing, and carried out for testing in dry and wet conditions, and the Tensile Strength Ratio of the test specimens was determined. The Tensile Strength Ratio of the asphalt mixture decreases with increasing proportion of glass waste and decreasing asphalt content. Overall, this research shows that glass waste can be used as a substitute for fine aggregate. Keywords: hot mix asphalt; aggregate; glass waste; Marshall Method; Tensile Strength Ratio
 
 
Abstrak
 
Campuran beraspal panas memerlukan agregat sebagai material penyusunnya. Pada studi ini dikaji potensi limbah kaca untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai substitusi agregat. Untuk itu ditentukan rancangan campuran dengan untuk mendapatkan Kadar Aspal Optimum pada campuran beraspal jenis Asphalt Concrete-Binder Course dengan menggunakan limbah kaca sebagai substitusi agregat halus. Limbah kaca yang digunakan adalah limbah kaca yang lolos ayakan No. 50 dan tertahan ayakan No.100. Proporsi substitusi limbah kaca adalah 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100% terhadap jumlah agregat halus dalam campuran. Campuran beraspal pada studi ini dibuat dengan menggunakan metode perancangan campuran Marshall. Dari perancangan tersebut diperoleh Kadar Aspal Optimum sebesar 5,9% (limbah kaca 0%), 5,4% (limbah kaca 25%), 5,2% (limbah kaca 50%), 5,1% (limbah kaca 75%), dan 4,9% (limbah kaca 100%). Selanjutnya dibuat benda-benda uji untuk pengujian Indirect Tensile Strength, dan dilakukan untuk pengujian dengan kondisi  telah dilakukan pengkondisian kering dan kondisi basah, serta ditentukan Tensile Strength Ratio benda-benda uji. Tensile Strength Ratio campuran beraspal mengecil dengan bertambahnya proporsi limbah kaca dan berkurangnya kadar aspal. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa limbah kaca dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai substitusi agregat halus.
 
Kata-kata kunci: campuran beraspal panas; agregat; limbah kaca; Metode Marshall; Tensile Strength Ratio
KOMPARASI EFISIENSI METODE PERAKITAN JEMBATAN PANEL RANGKA BAJA PADA PRESERVASI JEMBATAN
Authors: Budi Adityo , Primaswari Gitaning , Andani Rikal
Published: February 2025

Abstract
 
Deterioration of bridge conditions can be caused by material durability, traffic volume and load, environmental conditions, or natural disasters. For this reason, bridge rehabilitation activities are needed. The bridge rehabili-tation process often results in road access being cut off and the handling process takes quite a long time. To prevent isolated areas to happen, it is necessary to build emergency bridges, which are usually called steel frame panel bridges or also known as Bailey Bridges. The construction of steel frame panel bridges can use several installation methods, namely full-span, shoring, balanced cantilever, and semi-balanced cantilever. This research aims to compare the effectiveness and efficiency of steel frame panel bridge erection methods. For this reason, field observations and interviews were carried out related to the assembly of steel frame panel bridges. Data analysis was carried out quantitatively and qualitatively by comparing the cost, time and level of ease of installing steel frame panel bridges. This study shows that the installation of a steel frame panel bridge using the semi balanced cantilever method is the easiest installation, requiring installation time of only 13 days for a span of 30 m, and with the lowest cost.  
 
Keywords: bridge; steel frame panel bridges; bridge assembly; semi balanced cantilever
 
 
Abstrak
 
Penurunan kondisi jembatan dapat disebabkan oleh durabilitas material, volume lalu lintas dan beban, kondisi lingkungan, atau adanya bencana alam. Untuk itu diperlukan kegiatan rehabilitasi jembatan. Proses rehabilitasi jembatan seringkali membuat akses jalan terputus dan proses penanganannya membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama. Untuk mencegah adanya daerah yang terisolir, diperlukan pembangunan jembatan darurat, yang biasa disebut dengan jembatan panel rangka baja atau biasa disebut juga sebagai jembatan Bailey. Pembangunan jembatan panel rangka baja dapat menggunakan beberapa metode pemasangan, yaitu full-span, shoring, balanced cantilever, dan semi balanced cantilever. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas dan efisiensi metode erection jembatan panel rangka baja. Untuk itu, dilakukan observasi lapangan dan wawan-cara yang terkait dengan perakitan jembatan panel rangka baja. Analisis data dilakukan secara kuantitatif dan secara kualitatif dengan membandingkan biaya, waktu, dan tingkat kemudahan pemasangan jembatan panel rangka baja. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa pemasangan jembatan panel rangka baja yang menggunakan metode semi balanced cantilever merupakan pemasangan yang paling mudah, membutuhkan waktu pemasangan hanya 13 hari untuk bentang 30 m, dan dengan biaya yang paling murah.   
 
Kata-kata kunci: jembatan; jembatan panel rangka baja; perakitan jembatan; semi balanced cantilever
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA KEJADIAN KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS DI WILAYAH HUKUM POLRES SUBANG
Authors: Ningsih Lis Diana , Rizky Ajeng Meiliana , Hadi Prayoga Luthfil , Santosa Wimpy
Published: February 2025

Abstract
 
Traffic accidents are in the top 5 causes of death in the world. Therefore, it is important to study the factors that cause traffic accidents. This study uses law enforcement theory and criminal responsibility theory with an empirical juridical approach and analytical descriptive nature. Data was collected through literature study to obtain primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials, which were analyzed qualitatively. This study shows that the main factor causing traffic accidents is human negligence, followed by unfit vehicles, poor road con-ditions, and environmental or weather factors. Criminal liability for negligent drivers involves a legal process, from investigation, prosecution, to trial. In practice, traffic accident cases are often resolved through conciliation at the investigation stage, although dissatisfied parties can take the case to court.
 
Keywords: traffic accident; law enforcement; driver negligence; legal process
 
 
Abstrak
 
Kecelakaan lalu lintas menempati 5 besar penyebab kematian di dunia. Karena itu, penting dilakukan kajian terhadap faktor-faktor penyebab kecelakaan lalu lintas. Studi ini menggunakan teori penegakan hukum dan teori pertanggungjawaban pidana dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris dan sifat deskriptif analitis. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan untuk memperoleh bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier, yang dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor utama penyebab kecelakaan lalu lintas adalah kelalaian manusia, diikuti oleh kendaraan yang tidak layak, kondisi jalan yang buruk, serta faktor lingkungan atau cuaca. Pertanggungjawaban pidana terhadap pengemudi yang lalai melibatkan proses hukum, mulai dari penyidikan, penuntutan, hingga persidangan. Dalam praktiknya, kasus kecelakaan lalu lintas sering diselesaikan melalui perdamaian pada tahap penyidikan, meskipun pihak yang tidak puas dapat melanjutkan perkara hingga ke pengadilan.
 
Kata-kata kunci: kecelakaan lalu lintas; penegakan hukum; kelalaian pengemudi; proses hukum
A study on customer segmentation analysis at swachanda.in
Authors: Limbani Masano
Published: February 2025

This study provides key insights into Swachanda, an online learning platform, focusing on user demographics, engagement behaviors, course preferences, motivations, and satisfaction levels. Through a comprehensive analysis of internal platform data and external industry reports, this study identifies key segments within the platform's user base, including students, and professionals. The findings reveal a youthful, predominantly female, and highly educated user base, with high demand for Science & Engineering and Business & Management courses. Users value affordability and recognized certifications, and most are likely to recommend the platform. Recommendations include expanding course offerings, optimizing the mobile experience, enhancing community features, and strengthening partnerships. These strategies aim to improve user satisfaction and position Swachanda for continued success in the competitive online learning market
Pharmacoeconomics, economics and humanistic outcomes
Authors: Rehan Haider , Asghar Mehdi , Geetha Kumari Das , Zameer Ahmed , Sambreen Zameer
Published: February 2025

Pharmacoeconomics is a branch of health economics that evaluates the prices and results of pharmaceutical products and services. It entails studying the monetary effect of various healthcare interventions, treatments, and guidelines to optimize aid allocation and improve patient effects. One important factor in pharmacoeconomics is its consciousness of both monetary and humanistic consequences. Financial consequences in pharmacoeconomics embody cost effectiveness, value-benefit analysis, and price minimization analysis. These metrics evaluate the economic implication of healthcare interventions, comparing the costs incurred with the benefits gained in terms of stepped-forward health outcomes. By assessing the monetary efficiency of various treatment options, policymakers and healthcare carriers could make informed choices about aid allocation, making sure that confined healthcare sources are used effectively. However, humanistic results in pharmacoeconomics emphasize the patient's first-class quality of life, delight, and usual well-being. Those outcomes cross past conventional economic measures, the non-public stories and options of patients. Humanistic effects may additionally include elements including pain relief, functional popularity development, and psychological well-being. By incorporating those affected person-focused consequences into pharmacoeconomic critiques, policymakers and healthcare providers can better understand the actual global effect of healthcare interventions on sufferers' lives.
Some types of generalized closed and generalized star closed sets in topological ordered spaces
Authors: V. V. S. Ramachandram , Nagapurnima D. , K. Jaya Rama Krishna
Published: February 2025

In the present work, the intention is to establish a relationship between new types of closed sets, namely g*b-closed sets (resp.gb-closed) and g*i-closed sets(resp.gi-closed) and g*b-closed sets(resp.gb-closed) and g*d-closed sets(resp.gd-closed). Additionally, the independence between the notions of g*i-closedness (resp.gi-closedness) and g*dclosedness (resp.gd-closedness) is established.
Modeling the dynamics of covid-19 with the inclusion of treatment, vaccination and natural cure
Authors: G. Kiran Kumar , S. Kalesha Vali
Published: February 2025

In this paper, a Covid-19 pandemic model with five compartments is presented. Model assumptions, flowchart and the system of model equations are included. It is found that the solutions for the model equations exist and they are unique, positive and bounded. Hence, the present model is termed as mathematically well-posed and biologically meaningful. Mathematical analysis, sensitivity analysis are conducted in order to draw meaningful conclusions. Sensitivity analysis on the model equations reveal that the immunity loss has a positive impact while vaccination and treatment have negative impact on the effective reproduction number. The research results assert that the pandemic can be kept under control by enhancing vaccination and treatment facilities and similarly by implementing suitable methods to reduce loss of immunity. Outcomes of both qualitative and quantitative analyses are included and described elaborately. Disease free equilibrium point is identified and it's local and global stability analyses are conducted using powerful techniques like Routh-Hurwitz criteria and Lyapunov function method. Detailed description of the model is presented in the text of the paper lucidly.
Literature survey on development of a model for detecting emotions using CNN and LSTM
Authors: Manish Goswami , Aditya Parate , Nisarga Kapde , Shashwat Singh , Nitiksha Gupta , Meena Surjuse
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the utilization of three major datasets, SAVEE, Toronto Emotion Speech Set (TESS), and CREMA-D, which together contain a substantial repository of 75,000 samples. These datasets cover a broad spectrum of human emotions, from anger, sadness, fear, and disgust to calm, happiness, neutral states, and surprise, mapped to numerical labels from 1 to 8, respectively. The primary objective is to develop a real-time deep learning system specifically tailored for emotion recognition using speech inputs from a PC microphone. This system aims to create a robust model capable of not only capturing live speech but also analyzing audio files in detail, allowing for the classification of specific emotional states. To achieve this, the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network architecture, a specialized form of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), was chosen for its proven accuracy in speech-centered emotion recognition tasks. The model was rigorously trained using the RAVDESS dataset, comprising 7,356 distinct audio files, with 5,880 files carefully selected for training to enhance accuracy and improve the model's effectiveness in detecting emotions across diverse speech samples. The resulting model achieved a training dataset accuracy of 83%, marking a substantial milestone in advancing speech-based emotion recognition systems.
AI driven animal farming and livestock management system
Authors: Innocent Kazembe , Mtende Mkandawire
Published: February 2025

AI-Driven Animal Farming and Livestock Management System represents a pivotal advancement in agricultural technology, promising to revolutionize traditional farming practices by integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into livestock management. This abstract presents an overview of the system's multifaceted capabilities, emphasizing its role in guiding animal farmers towards optimal livestock care, enhancing marketing strategies, and offering a suite of advanced functionalities. At its core, this system employs sophisticated AI algorithms like Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to provide personalized guidance to animal farmers, ensuring they adhere to best practices in livestock care. Through real-time monitoring and data analysis, the system offers actionable insights into nutrition, health, and reproduction management, thereby maximizing the well-being and productivity of livestock. Furthermore, the System incorporates innovative features tailored to streamline marketing efforts. By analyzing market trends, consumer preferences, and supply chain dynamics, the system enables farmers to make informed decisions regarding product positioning, pricing strategies, and distribution channels, thereby enhancing market competitiveness and profitability.
Exploring Teacher’s Strategy in Teaching Listening through Songs at Eleventh Grade of SMA Walisongo Gempol
Authors: Aulia Vallyria Mamta , Megawati Fika
Published: February 2025

English is one of the international languages that all people, especially students, must master. English is not only about reading but also speaking and listening. Therefore, listening material has been received up to the senior high school level since the junior high school level. In this listening lesson, a teacher must have the right and fun strategy in conveying material to students. In this study, researchers used interviews with teachers and made observations. The results of this study show that the two teachers have different strategies for conveying listening lessons. The first teacher used the 'Word Chain Song Game' strategy and the second teacher used the 'Guess the Meaning of Lyric' strategy. Each strategy is unique and has been adapted to class conditions and students' abilities. Listening comprehension is conveyed to students not only by listening to native speakers speaking but also by playing songs. Listening learning in this research, teachers use game-based learning strategies.  Keywords: Song, Listening, Teacher’s Strategy
Multiple Intelligence-based Instruction to Increase Students’ Intrinsic Motivation in Learning English
Authors: Permata Kartika Indah , Salsabilla Rheyna , Ali Md. Sikandar
Published: February 2025

The one-for-all approach has long been a concern in the educational field as it influences learners’ learning capacity negatively. However, it is still practiced by many teachers in Indonesia. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of Multiple Intelligence-based instruction to increase students’ intrinsic motivation in learning English. It used a quasi-experiment design, and the participants were 40 non-English department students in UIN Walisongo Semarang that were selected using purposive sampling. Activity Perception Questionnaire from Intrinsic Motivation Inventory was used to measure students’ experience of given activities. Analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test, it was found that Multiple Intelligence-based instruction was effective to enhance the value or usefulness, interest, and perceived choice of students. These aspects were critical in the process of internalization and integration, which led to higher intrinsic motivation.
The Use of “English Fun Learning” Program to Teach Vocabulary
Authors: Kirana Bunga , Jatuporn Jade
Published: February 2025

English has turned into a significant language in the time of globalization. Vocabulary is one part of English which plays a significant part in figuring out perusing and communicating all thoughts in composed or spoken structure. The researcher tries to find the efficient solution for improving the good vocabulary skill by implementing the English Fun Learning. English Fun Learning is a basic method of learning English by combining several games in the activity. This activity is carried out to improve oral interaction in English through games that allow the development of communication, understanding, creativity, and can foster interest in speaking English. The target from this kind of analysis is the students at SD N 02 Plelen. The implemented method in this research is qualitative. As per the end of analysis from this research, students' understanding increased after being taught using English Fun Learning with various learning techniques such as storytelling, media games, and spelling bees. This activity has relevance to the needs of students at school. Interesting English teaching media and learning methods will motivate students to be involved in English speaking activities.
The Effect of Mother Tongue toward English Pronunciation
Authors: Sabata Yusniati N , Liise Depran , Rullu ST. Marhana , Nggolaon Desriani , Lakuana Nurhaida
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this research is to describe the differences between English and students’ transcriptions and factors affecting English pronunciation. The researcher used a qualitative research method in this research which consisted of five students of English Education Study Program of Muhammadiyah Luwuk who were from Banggainese as the subjects. In collecting data, the researcher used the interview as an instrument. The findings of this research showed there are some differences between English and students’ transcriptions, i.e. there are mispronunciations. One of the causes is the effect of the mother tongue. Additionally, the researcher also found that there are four factors affecting English pronunciation, they are: age, the first, language, the learners’ motivation and attitude, and the teachers’ instruction in the target language.
Learning English Listening Using Social Media
Authors: Pramesti Hanung Salsabila , Sripraset Chattaphorn , Larasati Oktavia Dwi Putri
Published: February 2025

This study aims to examine ELT learners who acquire English language skills by listening to content on social media platforms. The instruments used in this research consisted of a questionnaire that assesses learners’ interest in learning through social media platforms. The questionnaire consists of 30 items that responders are required to complete. The participants were the 60 bachelors degree of English Education Department. The findings reveal multiple variables that impact individuals' auditory comprehension abilities. The first issue is challenging pronunciation, obscure terminology, diverse accents, and unengaging content, and the final concern revolves around insufficient practice by individuals. In order to comprehend the current English-language technologies available today, acquiring the skill of active listening can be achieved through multiple methods.
THE EFFECT OF CREATING TIKTOK VIDEOS ON STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL
Authors: Nadhifatuzzahro Auly , Sulistianingsih Endang , Sumartono Sumartono
Published: February 2025

This study examined the effect of creating TikTok videos on the speaking skills of the tenth-grade students of SMA Al Irsyad Tegal. The objective of this research was (1) to determine the effect of creating a TikTok video on speaking skills and (2) to describe students’ perception of Creating TikTok on their motivation for speaking skills. This study used a mixed-method approach to answer the research objective. An instrument used in this research was a speaking test. The instruments have been tested for validity and reliability. The study found that there was a difference between the post-test means of the experimental group and the control group. The results of this research showed that creating a TikTok video was successful in improving students’ speaking skills. Based on the questionnaire, students said they had less confidence in speaking English due to a lack of vocabulary. After creating a TikTok video, they said they became more motivated to enrich their vocabulary because the activity is fun, engaging, and not stressful
IMPACTING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENT CHATBOT IN FLIPPED CLASSROOM TO ENHANCE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING COMPETENCE
Authors: Setyoningrum Tri Yuli , Susanto Dias Andris , Setiaji Arso
Published: February 2025

Traditional teaching methods have changed in recent years due to the integration of technology into education. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in education has received the greatest attention. The flipped classroom concept is one area where AI has demonstrated promise. However, one challenge teacher’s face in language learning contexts is providing opportunities for          students to practice speaking skills effectively. The purpose of this study is to examine how AI Chatbots in flipped classrooms can enhance students' speaking competence. This study employed a mixed method research design. Students were split into two groups: the experimental group received instruction via an AI Chatbot before speaking class, and the control group received instruction using a conventional approach. A pre-test and a post-test were administered preceding to and following treatment, separately. Five participants were interviewed and a questionnaire was distributed to all participants in order to measure students' perceptions. The study's findings showed that teaching speaking through AI Chatbots in flipped classrooms was more effective than the conventional approach. Pupils who received instruction from an AI Chatbot in a flipped classroom were much more likely to pass KKM. The benefits of deploying AI Chatbots in flipped classrooms are also evident from students' questionnaire responses, which show that students enhanced their vocabulary, pronunciation and gained confidence. Briefly stated, AI Chatbots in flipped classroom can be utilized as a substitute for traditional classroom instruction in speaking, and they have been shown to boost students' confidence in addition to their speaking competence.
Improving fried chicken quality through the introduction of enzyme technology
Authors: Indarto Cahyo , Firmansyah Raden Arief , Prihanta Wahyu
Published: February 2025

Undirect efforts have been made by Gadungan village's government at Puncu sub-district, Kediri regency, to surpass the stunting level through entrepreneurship. Its purpose is to elevate the financial level of the community. The form of enterprise development is fried chicken production managed by Pokwan “ASKARA.” However, the quality of fried chicken is low, and it is difficult to compete with other competitors in the same business type. The event about introducing an enzyme technology was held to elevate the quality of fried chicken. Besides increasing product quality, enzyme technology was safe for human beings. This event was held in three main steps: introduction of enzyme technology, practice making fried chicken products using enzyme technology and evaluation event. The evaluation process used the Kirkpatrick model at three levels: reaction, learning, and behavior level. The result showed that evaluation of all levels obtained more than 4.00, and more than 80 percent of respondents strongly agreed and agreed with each item in the questionnaire. The results also showed that this event succeeded in motivating the participant to use enzyme technology for fried chicken production, which produces crispy and crunchy fried chicken that is also safe.
Cash waqf crowdfunding model as a source of business capital for Kelompok Usaha Warung Sejahtera
Authors: Huda Nurul , Rofi'i Muhammad , Gani Ariel Nian , Dimitra Dwina Reflie , Prastiwi Maheswara , Hidayah Taufik Nur , Feehily Webryana Mendy
Published: February 2025

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a crucial role in Indonesia's economy, contributing significantly to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and providing 96.87 percent of the employment opportunities. Despite their continued growth, particularly in Tanjung Priok, MSMEs face challenges, especially in accessing capital. The Warung Sejahtera Business Group in Tanjung Priok exemplifies micro-enterprises struggling with capital limitations, market access, and a lack of digital and managerial knowledge. The community service activities focus on improving access to capital through crowdfunding waqf in collaboration with SatuWakaf Indonesia, leveraging untapped cash waqf potential to strengthen MSME production capital and stimulate local economic growth. The method used is Participatory Action Research (PAR), involving 34 participants. Pretest and post-test analyses showed a 53.17 percent average increase in understanding of waqf and SatuWakaf as alternative funding sources. The community service team has initiated cooperation with SatuWakaf Indonesia, providing initial guidance to partners on accessing waqf- based capital and creating opportunities for further collaboration. In addition, this community service activity contributed to the establishment of a cash waqf nazir institution, this institution can be a place for cash waqf crowdfunding to help meet the capital needs of MSMEs.
Experience of museum and exhibition representation of the Russian coat of arms at the exhibition of the museum-reserve „Town-Island of Sviyazhsk» «Eagle – the tsar’s bird. Sovereign heraldry of Russia“
Authors:   The State Historical, Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve „Town-Island of Sviyazhsk“, Kartasheva Elena I.
Published: February 2025

The article contains a description of the exposition representation of the heraldic double-headed eagle (the Russian state coat of arms) as a historical and cultural phenomenon at the exhibition „Eagle – the tsar’s bird. State Heraldry of Russia“ (2023), created by the State Museum-Reserve „Town-Island of Sviyazhsk“ together with other partners participating in the exposition and research project „The Way of Tiles“. The article examines: the method and principles of creating an exhibition, its scientific foundations, concept, structure, the most significant exhibition complexes and exhibits. The content of the exhibition is elaborated: a multidimensional, systematic view of the milestones of the historical development of the heraldic eagle, the forms and principles of its use in various spheres of life of Russian society – based on various types of authentic museum objects (documents, numismatic objects, works of fine and decorative arts, books, advertising publications, etc.), information and literary texts, illustrative materials. The main focus is on the leading theme of the exhibition – the reflection of the image of the heraldic eagle in Russian ceramic tile art of the XVII–XVIII centuries.
Ancient Russian motifs in the ceramics of M. A. Vrubel. Ornamentation
Authors:   Russian Enamel, Polikarpov Dmitry A.
Published: February 2025

The appeal to centuries-old national traditions became a general trend in Russia at the end of the XIX century. Studies and albums of ouvrages dedicated to ancient monuments of Russian art were published. Old Russian motifs were vividly reflected in the works of M. A. Vrubel of the second half of the 1890s. Stylized keel-shaped kokoshniks, tiled friezes and stylizations on the theme of ornaments made of cut metal of the XVII century appear in them. The apogee of these searches were the ceramic suites "Sadko" and "Snow Maiden", the fireplace "Meeting of Volga Svyatoslavovich and Mikula Selyaninovich" and decorative vases created in the Abramtsevo pottery workshop in 1898–1899. Vrubel's ceramic works of the second half of the 1890s are the result of a detailed study of the best examples of ancient Russian art and architecture and their Byzantine prototypes. They also embodied fantastic images of Russian epic and folklore. Synthesized in the artist's soul, refracted through his individual "prism", Byzantine and ancient Russian motifs acquired a deep symbolic meaning and gave his works a characteristic national note.
Retrospective analysis of non-pharmacological factors associated with ineffective control of arterial hypertension in a clinical sample
Authors: Asketova B. A. , Mazdorova E. V. , Shakhmatov S. G. , Shchepina Yu. V. , Ryabikov A. N.
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Arterial hypertension (HT) is the most common risk factor of cardiovascular diseases and leads to increased premature mortality. About half of HT patients do not reach the target values of blood pressure (BP).

Aim: To assess the frequency of failure to achieve the target BP level and to identify non-pharmacological factors associated with inefficient BP control in a clinical sample of patients with hypertension.

Material and Methods. A sequential clinical sample of patients (n = 105, 19–84 years old) with an established diagnosis of HT receiving antihypertensive therapy (AHT), was examined. Clinical data were analyzed in groups with efficient (ECHT, n = 29) and inefficient control of hypertension (ICHT, n = 76) by the time of admission to the hospital.

Results. In the entire sample, the proportion of ICHT (72%) was higher compared to ECHT (28%). The groups did not differ in age, anthropometry, menopausal status in women, and duration of HT, but with an increase in the degree of hypertension, the proportion of patients with NCAH increased. There were more women in ECHT group, and there were equal proportions of men and women in ICHT group. In the ICHT group, we observed higher values of HDLC, more frequent chronic heart failure (CHF) and single atherosclerotic plaques (AP) of carotid and other peripheral arteries; in the ECHT group, the average levels of plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, the proportion of smokers were higher, and type 2 diabetes and multiple AP were more common. The AHT (doses, regimen, combinations) was more adequate in the ECHT group. About half of the patients received combination therapy.

Conclusion. In the clinical sample, one third of HT patients receiving AHT, had blood pressure controlled to target at hospital admission. Inefficient blood pressure control was associated with male gender, a higher level of HDLC, the high degree of HT, single AP and CHF. In the efficient control group, smoking, comorbidity with type 2 diabetes, multiple AP, higher glucose levels and HbA1c were more often noted.
Stakeholder Focus Groups: Co‐creation of a toolkit for public consultations
Authors: Hornakova Linda , Prospex Katharina Faradsch
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Three online focus groups were convened as part of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)'s initiative to enhance communication and engagement with EFSA's registered stakeholders participating in public consultations. The primary objective was to gather insights and feedback from EFSA's registered stakeholders regarding their experiences, expectations and challenges related to EFSA's consultation process. Additionally, the aim was to identify key areas for improvement and inform the development of a comprehensive communication toolkit.
The chosen format, which included three focus groups following the same style and agenda, proved effective. The length of the focus groups and the number of participants in each group were well‐suited for this purpose, bringing the desired results and meeting the assignment objectives.
The focus groups provided valuable insights into the stakeholders' perspectives on EFSA's public consultations. The findings underscore the importance of effective communication, transparency, and stakeholder engagement in facilitating meaningful participation and enhancing the quality of EFSA's decision‐making processes. Moving forward, the development and implementation of a comprehensive communication toolkit based on these insights will be instrumental in fostering greater collaboration and trust between EFSA and its stakeholders.
Thrips palmi Pest Report to support the ranking of EU candidate priority pests
Authors:   European Food Safety Authority (EFSA),   Council for Agricultural Research,   Economics (CREA), Nougadère Alexandre , Makowski David , Rzepecka Daria , Scala Marica , Sánchez Berta , Baldassarre Federica , Tramontini Sara , Vos Sybren , Turillazzi Francesco , Paoli Francesco
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In 2022, EFSA was mandated by the European Commission's Directorate‐General for Health and Food Safety (M‐2022‐00070) to provide technical assistance on the list of Union quarantine pests qualifying as priority pests, as specified in Article 6(2) of Regulation (EU) 2016/2031 on protective measures against plant pests. As part of Task C, EFSA conducted comprehensive expert knowledge elicitations on candidate priority pests, focusing on the lag period, rate of expansion and impact on production (yield and quality losses) and the environment. This report provides the rationale for the dataset on Thrips palmi, delivered to the European Commission's Joint Research Centre, to feed the Impact Indicator for Priority Pest (I2P2) model and complete the pest prioritisation ranking exercise.