bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study Of The Knowledge Of Blood Transfusion Process Amongst Patients Receiving Blood
Authors: Hyder Shameem , Islam M Ashadul , Sultan Murad , Rahman Mohammad M , Rahman Syeda M , Rahman Mujibur
Published: June 2022

An observational study conducted by reviewing the knowledge of blood transfusion process amongst blood recipients. Total 126 patients who required blood transfusion were entered in this crosssectional study conducted at The National Institute of Trauma & Orthopedic Rehabilitation (NITOR) having full technical support from the Department of Transfusion Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) between the period 01 April 2008 and 31 August 2009. The study results showed that 74.1% male and 73.3% female blood recipients are aware of different stages of blood transfusion process that carried out during the treatment. In literate group, 91.4% showed some sort of knowledge on blood grouping, cross-matching, transfusion reactions and donor blood screening tests for HIV/AIDS and other transfusion transmissible infections, whereas, in illiterate group it was observed in 8.6%. Significance of difference was observed in two groups (p=0.001). In both groups misconception about risks and benefits of blood transfusion, panic and lack of knowledge about safety issues of transfusion were observed. Illiterate group have poor understanding on blood transfusion process as expected. The level of education of literate group in this study population is minimum primary education. The findings indicate that in clinical setting there is need to educate the patients on the basic knowledge about the process of blood collection, importance of blood screening, safe use of blood, blood grouping, cross matching and the immediate and delayed complications of blood transfusion including the benefits associated with blood transfusion. This education is equally necessary for general people.
JCMCTA 2013; 24 (1):46-49
Mucopolysaccharidosis, A Rare Metabolic Disorder: A Case Report
Authors: Roy Biswas Rajat Sanker , Paul Sujat , Sattar Md Abdus , Bhattacharjee Biplob
Published: June 2022

Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a type of storage disorders which can affect the skin, liver, spleen, eye, brain and bone. Some variant present in early infancy and others present in late childhood. Clinical, biochemical and radiological evaluations are needed for a conclusive diagnosis. We present a case of MPS with various radiological findings of spines and skull which helped in the diagnosis of the condition in a resource poor setting like that of us.

JCMCTA 2013 ; 24 (2): 51-52
Traumatic Optic Neuropathy Aggravated by Orbital Emphysema after Orbital Fracture
Authors: Kim Tae Yeon , Park Jungyul , Jeon Hyeshin , Choi Hee-young
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To report a case of traumatic optic neuropathy aggravated by orbital emphysema after an orbital fracture.Case summary: A 19-year-old man with no specific medical history was referred for a right orbital fracture caused by blunt trauma to the supraorbital rim of the right eye. Computed tomography (CT) showed a right orbital fracture involving the inferomedial wall and inferomedial strut. The corrected visual acuity was 0.4 in the right eye (RE) and 1.0 in the left and the intraocular pressure was 15 and 18 mmHg, respectively. Restriction on downgaze, abduction, and an indefinite relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) were observed in the RE. Fundus exam was non-specific other than commotio retinae on the temporal side of the macula in the RE. After 12 hours post trauma, the visual acuity of the RE had decreased to light perception. Definite RAPD was observed with optic disc swelling on the fundus photo and optical coherence tomography. Orbital CT showed air shadows, which were not seen on the initial evaluation, adjacent to the optic disc. We diagnosed traumatic optic neuropathy aggravated by orbital emphysema. High-dose intravenous steroid was given for 3 days. Despite a lateral canthotomy and cantholysis to decompress the right orbit, visual acuity did not improve above counting fingers.Conclusions: Increased intraorbital pressure and congestion caused by orbital emphysema may exacerbate traumatic optic neuropathy. Therefore, close observation is required.
Two Cases of Malignant Glaucoma after Ahmed Valve Implantation
Authors: Kim Jae Hyun , Chey Ji Hyoung , Lee Chang Kyu
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To report two cases of malignant glaucoma after Ahmed valve implantation.Case summary: (Case 1) A 76-year-old female with angle closure glaucoma in the right eye underwent Ahmed valve implantation. To reduce the risk of corneal endothelial failure, the tube tip was located in the sulcus. Eight days after surgery, surgical iridectomy was performed due to intraocular pressure elevation and a shallow anterior chamber. Three weeks later, vitrectomy was performed due to intraocular pressure elevation with a shallow anterior chamber. Recurrent intraocular pressure elevation was resolved after tip reposition into the vitreous cavity. (Case 2) A 93-year-old female with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma underwent Ahmed valve implantation in the left eye. Five days after surgery, the intraocular pressure increased with a shallow anterior chamber; the remnant cortex and prolapsed vitreous body were present in the anterior chamber. She underwent anterior chamber washing and surgical iridectomy; however, the increase in intraocular pressure with a shallow anterior chamber worsened after 1 month; thus, anterior vitrectomy was performed.Conclusions: Malignant glaucoma after Ahmed valve implantation is considered very rare. However, if risk factors such as short axial length, zonular weakness, old age, or female gender are present, as in these cases, there may be an increased risk of malignant glaucoma developing after Ahmed valve implantation.
TIGA WUJUD PELAYANAN DALAM “PORTAL EMAS” SEBAGAI WUJUD E-GOVERMENT DENGAN PRINSIP ETIKA ADMINISTRASI NEGARA (ANALISIS PELAYANAN LISAN, TULISAN, DAN TINDAKAN DI KOTA PROBOLINGGO)
Authors: Supriyanto Supriyanto , Lailatul Fitria Nurul Jannah , Hidayat Sahrul
Published: June 2022

The government has responsibility for public sector services. The public services are intended to provide convenience and assistance to the public regarding what they need and to achieve an objective. Public services must understand and meet the community's needs regarding services, goods, and administration that need to be carried out properly. The forms of service can be verbal or written, or direct action. The governments, both local and central governments, need to improve the quality of service delivery. Therefore, the Probolinggo City Government had a strategy of providing quality public services. This public service innovation was called the "Portal Emas". The Portal Emas concept is a public service by implements three service forms in a digital application. The author researched the implementation of the Portal Emas as an application for public sector services. The objective was to find out whether the Portal Emas applied values to state administration ethical principles or not. The research was conducted using descriptive qualitative methods. The data was obtained through literature research as the primary source. This research collected scientific research related to public sector services and forms of service, then connected it with the state administration's ethical principles to determine that public service programs have well met the public services indicators. Therefore, public services could be known through the Portal Emas in Probolinggo City under the state administration's ethical principles by implementing three service forms in the Portal Emas application.
A 5-Year Analysis of Aviation Medical Examinations in South Korea
Authors: Kim Ji Soo , Han Bok Soon , Kwon Young Hwan , Lim Juwon
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION: Little has been studied to promote aviation health in South Korea. The aim of this study was to analyze the results of aviation medical examinations conducted in South Korea over the past 5 yr and, in doing so, provide evidence for establishing a health promotion,
disease prevention plan.METHODS: Subjects of the study consisted of applicants who underwent aviation medical examinations from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2020.RESULTS: Over the past 5 yr, the total number of aviation medical examinations in South Korea has shown
an annual increase of more than 10%. In the presence of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the number of aviation medical examinations, both renewal and initial, for all types of licenses, except renewal aviation medical examinations for the ATCL, decreased. Disqualification rates were generally
higher in initial examinations than in renewal examinations. The examination results for license renewal showed the ATPL disqualification rate to be the highest at 3.5 per 1000 pilots per year in their 50s, with cardiology cases being the most common reason for disqualification, followed by
ophthalmology cases and psychiatry cases. Diagnostic categories for those disqualified after initial aviation medical examinations were similar, though ophthalmological causes were most common, followed by cases of psychiatry and neurology.CONCLUSION: Main causes of disqualification
in airmen and air traffic controllers were identified as the presence of cardiovascular, ophthalmic, and psychiatric diseases. The results of this study provide evidence for improving health promotion activity plans to manage risk factors of such diseases for aviation workers.Kim JS,
Han BS, Kwon YH, Lim J. A 5-yr analysis of aviation medical examinations in South Korea. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2022; 93(6):499–506.
Sightseeing Accidents with Helicopters and Fixed-Wing Aircraft
Authors: de Voogt Alexander J. , Hohl Caio Hummel , Kalagher Hilary
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: Sightseeing operations are characterized by the presence of passengers as well as favorable light and weather conditions. They include both fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters, an aspect that allows for a comparison of these two types of aircraft in similar operations.METHODS:
A total of 95 accident reports from 2008 until 2018 were extracted from the NTSB online database, with each mentioning commercial sightseeing as their operation.RESULTS: Out of a total of 95 accidents, 16 were fatal with a total of 58 people suffering fatal injuries. On average
3.625 people died in each fatal accident. There were significantly more accidents in Alaska and Hawaii than expected. There were significantly more accidents caused by the maintenance crew in helicopters than in airplanes, but significantly more pilot-related accidents in fixed-wing aircraft
compared to helicopters. Despite favorable light and weather conditions, 37 accidents reported the environment as a contributing factor to the accident.CONCLUSION: Sightseeing accidents show a pronounced difference between helicopters and airplane accidents that point to different
approaches when improving safety in either category. Although night and instrument meteorological conditions are largely absent in the dataset, wind conditions and unsuitable terrain are frequently mentioned. The experience of the pilots and the specific geography of the sightseeing area are
likely to affect operational safety the most. The specific dangers of unsuitable terrain affect both helicopters and fixed-wing operations and may be assuaged by specific training or briefings.de Voogt AJ, Hummel Hohl C, Kalagher H. Sightseeing accidents with helicopters and fixed-wing
aircraft. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2022; 93(6):532–535.
Cognitive, Sleep, and Autonomic Responses to Induction of a Ketogenic Diet in Military Personnel: A Pilot Study
Authors: Shaw David M. , Henderson Lydia , van den Berg Margo
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: This pilot study examined the effect of a 2-wk ketogenic diet (KD) compared with a carbohydrate (CHO) diet in military personnel on cognitive performance, mood, sleep, and heart rate variability (HRV).METHODS: A randomized-controlled, cross-over trial was
conducted with eight male military personnel (age, 36 ± 7 yr; body mass, 83.7 ± 9.2 kg; BMI, 26.0 ± 2.3 kg · m−2). Subjects ingested their habitual diet for 7 d (baseline), then an iso-energetic KD (∼25 g CHO/d) or CHO diet (∼285 g CHO/d)
for 14 d (adaptation), separated by a 12-d washout. HRV, fasting capillary blood D-βHB, and glucose concentration, mood, and sleep were measured daily. Cognitive performance was measured on the 7th day of baseline and the 7th and 14th days of adaptation.
Data were analyzed using a series of linear mixed models.RESULTS: Mean weekly D-βHB was higher (95% CI, +0.34 to +2.38 mmol · L−1) and glucose was lower (−0.45 to −0.21 mmol · L−1) in the KD compared with the CHO diet.
Cognitive performance (Psychomotor Vigilance Task, 2-choice reaction time, and running memory continuous performance test) and mean weekly fatigue, vigor, and sleep (sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and sleep onset latency) were similar between diets. A diet × week interaction for HRV
approached significance, with exploratory analyses suggesting HRV was lower compared with baseline during week-2 adapt (−27 to +4 ms) in the KD.DISCUSSION: A 2-wk induction to a KD in male military personnel does not appear to affect cognitive performance, mood, or sleep,
but may lower HRV, indicating increased physiological stress.Shaw DM, Henderson L, van den Berg M. Cognitive, sleep, and autonomic responses to induction of a ketogenic diet in military personnel: a pilot study. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2022; 93(6):507–516.
Characterizing the Dose Response of Hyperoxia with Brain Perfusion
Authors: Damato Elizabeth G. , Fillioe Seth J. , Vannix Ian S. , Norton Lily K. , Margevicius Seunghee P. , Beebe Jessica L. , Decker Michael J.
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: Tactical aviators require administration of enhanced inspired oxygen concentrations (hyperoxia) to reduce risk of hypobaric hypoxia and decompression injuries. Hyperoxia is not without consequence; it reduces cerebral perfusion (CBF). Characterizing the relationship
between FIO2 and CBF is necessary to establish FIO2 levels that do not reduce CBF yet are sufficient to mitigate risk of in-flight physiological stressors. To achieve that goal, this study’s objective was to determine whether a dose-response
relationship exists between FIO2 and CBF and, if so, the FIO2 at which CBF significantly declines.METHODS: Healthy male and female subjects (N = 26) were randomized to receive either low dose FIO2 of 30%, 40%,
50%, and 100% (Arm 1) or high dose FIO2 of 60%, 70%, 80%, and 100% (Arm 2), followed by a return to 21% for both groups. Subjects were placed within a 3-Tesla MRI scanner equipped with pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling software (pCASL) to measure CBF. Baseline CBF
measurements were obtained during exposure to 21% FIO2, with subsequent CBF measurements obtained at each predetermined FIO2 level.RESULTS: Baseline CBF did not differ between subjects in Arm 1 and Arm 2. Low dose FIO2
≤ 50% did not affect CBF. In contrast, high dose FIO2 ≥ 60% significantly reduced CBF. Exposure to 100% FIO2 led to similar reductions of CBF for subjects in both Arm 1 and Arm 2.DISCUSSION: The neurovascular system appears to respond
to increasing FIO2 levels in a dose dependent manner, with significant reductions in CBF with FIO2 exposures ≥ 60%.Damato EG, Fillioe SJ, Vannix IS, Norton LK, Margevicius SP, Beebe JL, Decker MJ. Characterizing the dose response of
hyperoxia with brain perfusion. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2022; 93(6):493–498.
SOCIAL MEDIA BRAND IMAGES OF TURKISH OLYMPIC ATHLETES
Authors: YAVUZ Celil , SEMİZ Kıvanç
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışma, Türk olimpik sporcuların Instagram gönderileri üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Amaç, Türk olimpik sporcuların sosyal medyada sporcu marka imajlarını nasıl yansıttıklarını değerlendirmektir. Bu doğrultuda, Arai ve ark. (2013) tarafından geliştirilmiş olan sporcu marka imajı modelinden (model of athlete brand image / MABI) yararlanılmıştır. Modelde gösterilen temalardan bir kontrol listesi hazırlanmış ve Türk olimpik sporcuların paylaşmış olduğu Instagram gönderileri bu temalar çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Bir başka deyişle, MABI’da gösterilen sporcu marka imajı temalarının Türk olimpik sporcular tarafından sosyal medyada hangi ölçülerde yansıtıldığı ortaya çıkarılmıştır. İncelenen toplam 5521 gönderiden 126 tanesinin hiçbir temayı yansıtmadığı görülmüştür. Geriye kalan 5395 gönderiden yansıyan toplam alt tema sayısı ise 9112’dir. Bu temaların %36,65’i pazarlanabilir yaşam şekli, %32,27’si sportif performans, %31,08 de çekici görünüm ana temalarına karşılık gelmektedir. Alt temalar bazında bakıldığında en çok yansıtılan alt tema sportif uzmanlıktır (%29,69). En az yansıtılan alt tema ise rekabettir (%0,01). Çalışma kapsamında kadın sporcular ile erkek sporcular arasında kıyaslamalar yapılmıştır. Ayrıca belirlenmiş olan üç farklı yaş grubu arasında da çeşitli kıyaslamalar gerçekleştirilerek çalışma sonlandırılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın ortaya koyduğu bulgular hem gelecekteki araştırmacılara kapı aralamakta hem de uygulamada var olan bazı eksiklikleri gün yüzüne çıkarmaktadır.
Do Physical Education Lessons Teach with Distance Education? Online Physical Education Lessons
Authors: ÜNLÜ Hüseyin
Published: June 2022

Çevrimiçi eğitim günümüzde kullanılan ve en çok tercih edilen uzaktan eğitim türlerinden biridir. Çevrimiçi eğitim son yıllarda hızla gelişmiş ve giderek eğitim sistemlerinin önemli bir parçası haline gelmiştir. Çevrimiçi yollarla eğitimin nasıl daha nitelikli bir şekilde gerçekleştirileceği ve farklı disiplinlerdeki derslerin nasıl verilebileceği konusu ise araştırılmaya devam etmektedir. Eğitimciler, çevrimiçi eğitimde özellikle beden eğitimi derslerinin nasıl gerçekleştirileceği konusunda endişe duymaktadırlar. Beden eğitimi dersleri temelde fiziksel aktiviteye ve motor becerilerin gelişimine odaklanır ve akademik derslerden oldukça farklıdır. Gelişen eğitim teknolojileri ve farklı öğrenme yönetim sistemleri sayesinde beden eğitimi dersleri de çevrimiçi yollarla gerçekleştirilebilmektedir. Ancak, çevrimiçi beden eğitimi derslerinin öğretim programları, öğrenme-öğretme süreci, öğretim içeriklerini hazırlama ve sunma, öğrenci performansının gelişimini izleme ve değerlendirme konularında beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenlerinin yeterli bilgi ve beceriye sahip olmaları gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada; çevrimiçi beden eğitimi derslerinin gerçekleştirilip gerçekleştirilemeyeceği tartışması üzerinden, çevrimiçi eğitim, çevrimiçi beden eğitimi dersi hazırlıkları ve uygulamaları, çevrimiçi beden eğitimi derslerinde kullanılan teknolojiler ve karşılaşılan sorunlar yönelik literatür incelenerek bir derleme yapılması yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak; çevrimiçi beden eğitimi dersleri aracılığı ile öğrencilerin bilişsel, duyussal ve psikomotor öğrenme alanlarına ilişkin kazanımları elde edebileceği görülmüştür. Bunun yanında, çevrimiçi beden eğitimi dersleri için hibrit/harmanlanmış modelin en uygun model olduğu ve fiziksel aktivite temelli beden eğitimi derslerinin çevrimiçi beden eğitimi dersleri için daha uygun olduğu görüşü hakim olmuştur.
SPORDA PSİKOLOJİK GEREKSİNİMLERİN ENGELLENMESİ ÖLÇEĞİNİN TÜRKÇE’YE UYARLANMASI
Authors: YILDIRIM Sinan , TÜRKERİ BOZKURT Hande , BİLGİN Emre , YÜKSEL Yılmaz , AKYAR Özgür Yaşar
Published: June 2022

Öz: Bu araştırmanın amacı, Bartholomew ve arkadaşları (2011) tarafından geliştirilen “Sporda Psikolojik Gereksinimlerin Engellenmesi Ölçeğinin” (SPGE) Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenirlik değerlerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırma grubu 13 – 19 yaş aralığında, 55 kadın 184 erkek, toplam 239 aktif sporcudan (ort.yaş=15.74±1.87yıl) oluşmaktadır. Orijinal ölçek yedili Likert tipinde 12 madde ve 3 alt boyuta (özerklik, yeterlik, ilişkili olma) sahiptir. Verilerin analizinde betimleyici istatistikler, pearson korelasyon analizi ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi kullanılmıştır. Test tekrar test korelasyon katsayıları özerklik boyutu 0.85, yeterlik boyutu 0.76, ilişkili olma boyutu 0.93 ve tüm ölçek puanı 0.90 bulunmuştur. Cronbach alfa güvenirlik katsayıları özerklik boyutunda 0.70, yeterlik boyutunda 0.82, ilişkili olma boyutunda 0.81 ve tüm ölçek puanında 0.91 bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin ölçüt bağıntılı geçerlik çalışması sonuçları Sporda Psikolojik Gereksinimlerin Engellenmesi Ölçeği ile Sporda Temel İhtiyaçlar Doyum Ölçeği arasında -0.32 ile -0.37 aralığında ve tüm ölçek puanında -.43 anlamlı negatif korelasyon göstermiştir. Sporda Psikolojik Gereksinimlerin Engellenmesi Ölçeğiyle Temel Psikolojik İhtiyaçların Doyumu Ölçeği arasında ise -0.37 ile -0.43 aralığında ve tüm ölçek puanında -.46 anlamlı negatif korelasyonlar bulunmuştur. Faktör analizi yük değerlerinin 0.54 ve 0.85 aralığında olduğu bulunmuştur. 12 maddelik SPGE’de ki kare değerinin serbestlik derecesine bölünmesi değerinin (χ2/sd (127.88/48)=2.66, p<.01) ve RMSEA=0.084 değerinin kabul edilebilir sınırlarda model veri uyumunu sağladığı bulunmuştur. “CFI=0.98, NFI=0.96, NNFI=0.97, GFI=0.92” değerleri de model veri uyumunu göstermektedir. Sonuçta 12 madde ve 3 alt boyutlu yapının model veri uyumunu gösterdiği ve ölçeğin yapısal geçerliğe sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. “Sporda Psikolojik Gereksinimlerin Engellenmesi Ölçeğinin” Türkçesi geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçüm aracıdır.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF TECHNICAL, TACTICAL AND MOVEMENT TIME RELATIONSHIPS OF 2018 WORLD CUP MATCHES
Authors: BİLGİN Süleyman , MÜNİROĞLU Recep Sürhat
Published: June 2022

This research is aimed to evaluate the parameters of the successful teams in the FIFA 2018 World Cup group and Knockout stage matches in terms of technique-tactics and time motion relationship. The data collected for the research were obtained from the official website of FIFA, https://www.fifa.com and https://tr.whoscored.com.The matches covered the matches in which the 90-minute regular time did not end in a draw and there was a winner as a result. SPSS 22.0 package program was used for all the data obtained in the research. The distribution of the data and the homogeneity of the variances were examined. In order to determine the difference between the two independent groups, the indepented t-Test or the Mann Whitney U test were used.Pearson correlation analysis was performed to determine whether there is a linear relationship between two numerical measurements in line with the specified parameters, and if so, what the direction and severity of this relationship is. There were significant differences between the goals scored by the players, the average shot per match, shot success, ball winning and yellow card values (p<0.05). According to the results of the findings regarding the first goal, it was concluded that the teams that scored the first goal were the winners with 86%. In the results of the correlation analysis, it was determined that there was a statistically significant (p<0.05) and positive relationship between the total number of goal attempts and the number of goals, the total number of shots and the number of goals, and the number of key passes and shots.
THE EFFECT OF EXERCISE ON PHYSICAL FITNESS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: GEZEN BÖLÜKBAŞ Merve , VATANSEVER Şerife
Published: June 2022

Zihinsel engellilik, günlük sosyal ve pratik beceriler de dahil olmak üzere hem zihinsel işlevlerde hem de uyum sağlayıcı davranışlarda önemli eksiklerle karakterize edilen çok yönlü ve karmaşık bir durumdur. Zihinsel engelli bireyler diğer akranlarına kıyasla fiziksel, bilişsel ve sosyal gelişim bakımından yetersiz olabilmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı zihinsel engelli olan yetişkin bireylerde fiziksel uygunluğu geliştirmek için tasarlanan egzersiz programlarının etkilerine ilişkin bilimsel kanıtları sistematik olarak gözden geçirmektir. Bu çalışma sistematik derleme niteliğindedir ve Ocak 2010–Mayıs 2020 tarihleri arasında Pubmed, Web of Science ve EBSCOhost veri tabanlarından İngilizce dizinler taranarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sistematik Derlemeler ve Meta-Analiz Protokolleri için Tercih Edilen Raporlama Öğeleri (The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses - PRISMA) araştırmanın yönlendirilmesinde ve araştırma raporunun yazımında bir kılavuz oluşturmuştur. Araştırmaya toplam 8 çalışma dahil edilmiştir. Sağlıkla ilgili fiziksel uygunluk sonuçları incelendiğinde vücut kompozisyonu verilerinde önemli etkilerin olmadığı görülürken; kardiyovasküler ve kardiyoresperatuar uygunluk, motor beceriler ile metabolik uygunluk üzerinde önemli değişiklikler olduğu bildirilmiştir. Sağlıklı yaşam için tasarlanmış fiziksel aktivite ve kombine (kuvvet ve aerobik) egzersiz en sık önerilen programlardır. Hafif ve orta düzey zihinsel engelli olan yetişkin bireylerde kardiyovasküler ve kardiyorespiratuar uygunluk ve motor beceriler üzerindeki yararlı etkilerine dair bilimsel kanıtlar mevcuttur. Fakat egzersiz uygulamalarının bu popülasyonun vücut kompozisyonu üzerindeki etkisine odaklanan ve alternatif uygulamaların yanı sıra egzersizin eğlenceli hali getirilerek egzersize olan bağlılığın arttırıldığı daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.
Cuidados paliativos: Una necesidad prioritaria en salud
Authors: Vásquez-Alva Rolando
Published: June 2022

En las últimas décadas se ha mejorado la atención en salud tanto en recursos diagnósticos como terapéuticos. Si bien es cierto persisten inequidades, la expectativa de vida ha mejorado, hablándose de "envejecimiento" de la población mundial y se ha experimentado la transición epidemiológica que ha determinado incremento en la prevalencia de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, así como resultado de ello, el aumento de  muertes asociadas a esas condiciones.
Cases Study on the Management of Diminished Ovarian Reserve (DOR) and Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)
Authors: Jiang Dan , Meng Fanyi
Published: June 2022

Diminished Ovarian Reserve (DOR) is one of the main causes of female infertility and is common in women under of 40s. The definition and diagnosis are pragmatic and the treatment in mainstream medicine is not promising as many of the sufferers have to choose IVF as the last resort. DOR could be the reduced ability of producing quality egg or the poor quality of eggs produced. Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) belongs to its aggravate stage. Traditional Chinese medicine has long been employed in treating female infertility, and a large proportion of the cases in the records now could be classified as DOR or POI. Some clinical reports have demonstrated great potential in treating DOR & POI. The authors have treated many cases of DOR and POI, and great achievements have been recorded. The protocol used in the treatment is a whole system approach which combines acupuncture, Chinese herbal medicine and lifestyle advice into an organic composition to maximize the effects. The cases reported here are of good details and could demonstrate the application of the TCM diagnosis of syndrome pattern which logically leads to the whole-system treatment implementation.
DEVELOPMENT OF RUPAT ISLAND AS CULTURAL TOURISM BASED ON MALAY CULTURE IN RIAU
Authors: Suroyo  , BimaMaulana Putra
Published: June 2022

Development is basically from and for all people, it must involve and be recognized at all levels of society in order to achieve the intended development goals. The usage of the Rupat Island center as a historical tour in Bengkalis regency is an example of eco-education, in which cultural heritage item preservation is linked to educational renewal. This is a qualitative research project that uses participant observation and in-depth interviews. The findings suggest that regional growth on Rupat Island can be accomplished by leveraging a variety of factors, including districts, suburbs, landmarks, nodes, and paths that require government authorization in the Malacca area. If access to tourist locations is made easier, the development of Rupat Island as a cultural tourism destination has a lot of potential and appeal for regional cultural tourism destinations.
Basophil Activation Test With Aspergillus Molecules: The Case for ABPA
Authors: Michel Moïse , Sereme Youssouf , Mankouri Farid , Gouitaa Marion , Gautier Clarisse , Mège Jean-Louis , Cassagne Carole , Ranque Stéphane , Reynaud-Gaubert Martine , Vitte Joana
Published: June 2022

Background

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is an underestimated allergic disease due to Aspergillus fumigatus (AF). The main diagnostic criteria for ABPA rely on the evaluation of immunoglobulin (Ig) E and IgG responses to AF extracts, although these cannot discriminate AF-sensitization from ABPA.

Objectives

To evaluate the performance of cellular functional assays with extract and molecular AF allergens in ABPA.

Methods

A prospective cohort of 67 patients (6 ABPA) was investigated with basophil activation test (BAT) with AF extract. Twelve patients were further investigated for BAT responses to molecular AF components: Asp f 1, Asp f 2, Asp f 3, Asp f 4, and Asp f 6.

Results

BAT with AF extract with an optimized cutoff displayed 100% sensitivity and 77.6% specificity for ABPA diagnosis. Among patients with positive BAT to AF, BAT with Asp f 4 was significantly higher in ABPA patients at 10 ng/mL (mean basophil stimulation index 10.56 in ABPA vs. 1.24 in non-ABPA patients, p = 0.0002).

Conclusion

BAT with AF is a promising diagnostic biomarker in the context of suspected ABPA, which can be further improved with AF molecular allergens, especially Asp f 4.
Role of Phosphorus-Containing Molecules on the Formation of Nano-Sized Calcium Phosphate for Bone Therapy
Authors: Jiang Yingying , Tao Yali , Chen Yutong , Xue Xu , Ding Gangyi , Wang Sicheng , Liu Guodong , Li Mengmeng , Su Jiacan
Published: June 2022

Calcium phosphate (CaP) is the principal inorganic constituent of bone and teeth in vertebrates and has various applications in biomedical areas. Among various types of CaPs, amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) is considered to have superior bioactivity and biodegradability. With regard to the instability of ACP, the phosphorus-containing molecules are usually adopted to solve this issue, but the specific roles of the molecules in the formation of nano-sized CaP have not been clearly clarified yet. Herein, alendronate, cyclophosphamide, zoledronate, and foscarnet are selected as the model molecules, and theoretical calculations were performed to elucidate the interaction between calcium ions and different model molecules. Subsequently, CaPs were prepared with the addition of the phosphorus-containing molecules. It is found that cyclophosphamide has limited influence on the generation of CaPs due to their weak interaction. During the co-precipitation process of Ca2+ and PO43-, the competitive relation among alendronate, zoledronate, and foscarnet plays critical roles in the produced inorganic-organic complex. Moreover, the biocompatibility of CaPs was also systematically evaluated. The DFT calculation provides a convincing strategy for predicting the structure of CaPs with various additives. This work is promising for designing CaP-based multifunctional drug delivery systems and tissue engineering materials.
Purification of a Hydrophobic Elastin-Like Protein Toward Scale-Suitable Production of Biomaterials
Authors: Haas Sandra , Desombre Monika , Kirschhöfer Frank , Huber Matthias C. , Schiller Stefan M. , Hubbuch Jürgen
Published: June 2022

Elastin-like proteins (ELPs) are polypeptides with potential applications as renewable bio-based high-performance polymers, which undergo a stimulus-responsive reversible phase transition. The ELP investigated in this manuscript—ELP[V2Y-45]—promises fascinating mechanical properties in biomaterial applications. Purification process scalability and purification performance are important factors for the evaluation of potential industrial-scale production of ELPs. Salt-induced precipitation, inverse transition cycling (ITC), and immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) were assessed as purification protocols for a polyhistidine-tagged hydrophobic ELP showing low-temperature transition behavior. IMAC achieved a purity of 86% and the lowest nucleic acid contamination of all processes. Metal ion leakage did not propagate chemical modifications and could be successfully removed through size-exclusion chromatography. The simplest approach using a high-salt precipitation resulted in a 60% higher target molecule yield compared to both other approaches, with the drawback of a lower purity of 60% and higher nucleic acid contamination. An additional ITC purification led to the highest purity of 88% and high nucleic acid removal. However, expensive temperature-dependent centrifugation steps are required and aggregation effects even at low temperatures have to be considered for the investigated ELP. Therefore, ITC and IMAC are promising downstream processes for biomedical applications with scale-dependent economical costs to be considered, while salt-induced precipitation may be a fast and simple alternative for large-scale bio-based polymer production.
Enhancing Myoblast Fusion and Myotube Diameter in Human 3D Skeletal Muscle Constructs by Electromagnetic Stimulation
Authors: Terrie Lisanne , Burattini Margherita , Van Vlierberghe Sandra , Fassina Lorenzo , Thorrez Lieven
Published: June 2022

Skeletal muscle tissue engineering (SMTE) aims at the in vitro generation of 3D skeletal muscle engineered constructs which mimic the native muscle structure and function. Although native skeletal muscle is a highly dynamic tissue, most research approaches still focus on static cell culture methods, while research on stimulation protocols indicates a positive effect, especially on myogenesis. A more mature muscle construct may be needed especially for the potential applications for regenerative medicine purposes, disease or drug disposition models. Most efforts towards dynamic cell or tissue culture methods have been geared towards mechanical or electrical stimulation or a combination of those. In the context of dynamic methods, pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) stimulation has been extensively used in bone tissue engineering, but the impact of PEMF on skeletal muscle development is poorly explored. Here, we evaluated the effects of PEMF stimulation on human skeletal muscle cells both in 2D and 3D experiments. First, PEMF was applied on 2D cultures of human myoblasts during differentiation. In 2D, enhanced myogenesis was observed, as evidenced by an increased myotube diameter and fusion index. Second, 2D results were translated towards 3D bioartificial muscles (BAMs). BAMs were subjected to PEMF for varying exposure times, where a 2-h daily stimulation was found to be effective in enhancing 3D myotube formation. Third, applying this protocol for the entire 16-days culture period was compared to a stimulation starting at day 8, once the myotubes were formed. The latter was found to result in significantly higher myotube diameter, fusion index, and increased myosin heavy chain 1 expression. This work shows the potential of electromagnetic stimulation for enhancing myotube formation both in 2D and 3D, warranting its further consideration in dynamic culturing techniques.
Metabolically Engineered Escherichia coli for Conversion of D-Fructose to D-Allulose via Phosphorylation-Dephosphorylation
Authors: Guo Qiang , Liu Chen-Yang , Zheng Ling-Jie , Zheng Shang-He , Zhang Ya-Xing , Zhao Su-Ying , Zheng Hui-Dong , Fan Li-Hai , Lin Xiao-Cheng
Published: June 2022

D-Allulose is an ultra-low calorie sweetener with broad market prospects. As an alternative to Izumoring, phosphorylation-dephosphorylation is a promising method for D-allulose synthesis due to its high conversion of substrate, which has been preliminarily attempted in enzymatic systems. However, in vitro phosphorylation-dephosphorylation requires polyphosphate as a phosphate donor and cannot completely deplete the substrate, which may limit its application in industry. Here, we designed and constructed a metabolic pathway in Escherichia coli for producing D-allulose from D-fructose via in vivo phosphorylation-dephosphorylation. PtsG-F and Mak were used to replace the fructose phosphotransferase systems (PTS) for uptake and phosphorylation of D-fructose to fructose-6-phosphate, which was then converted to D-allulose by AlsE and A6PP. The D-allulose titer reached 0.35 g/L and the yield was 0.16 g/g. Further block of the carbon flux into the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway and introduction of an ATP regeneration system obviously improved fermentation performance, increasing the titer and yield of D-allulose to 1.23 g/L and 0.68 g/g, respectively. The E. coli cell factory cultured in M9 medium with glycerol as a carbon source achieved a D-allulose titer of ≈1.59 g/L and a yield of ≈0.72 g/g on D-fructose.
Rhodopsins: An Excitingly Versatile Protein Species for Research, Development and Creative Engineering
Authors: de Grip Willem J. , Ganapathy Srividya
Published: June 2022

The first member and eponym of the rhodopsin family was identified in the 1930s as the visual pigment of the rod photoreceptor cell in the animal retina. It was found to be a membrane protein, owing its photosensitivity to the presence of a covalently bound chromophoric group. This group, derived from vitamin A, was appropriately dubbed retinal. In the 1970s a microbial counterpart of this species was discovered in an archaeon, being a membrane protein also harbouring retinal as a chromophore, and named bacteriorhodopsin. Since their discovery a photogenic panorama unfolded, where up to date new members and subspecies with a variety of light-driven functionality have been added to this family. The animal branch, meanwhile categorized as type-2 rhodopsins, turned out to form a large subclass in the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors and are essential to multiple elements of light-dependent animal sensory physiology. The microbial branch, the type-1 rhodopsins, largely function as light-driven ion pumps or channels, but also contain sensory-active and enzyme-sustaining subspecies. In this review we will follow the development of this exciting membrane protein panorama in a representative number of highlights and will present a prospect of their extraordinary future potential.
Synthesis and Bioactivity of Novel Sulfonate Scaffold-Containing Pyrazolecarbamide Derivatives as Antifungal and Antiviral Agents
Authors: Lei Zhi-Wei , Yao Jianmei , Liu Huifang , Ma Chiyu , Yang Wen
Published: June 2022

Novel pyrazolecarbamide derivatives bearing a sulfonate fragment were synthesized to identify potential antifungal and antiviral agents. All the structures of the key intermediates and target compounds were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The single-crystal X-ray diffraction of the compound T22 showed that pyrazole carbamide is a sulfonate. The in vitro antifungal activities of the target compounds against Colletotrichum camelliae, Pestalotiopsis theae, Gibberella zeae, and Rhizoctonia solani were evaluated at 50 μg/ml. Among the four pathogens, the target compounds exhibited the highest antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani. The compound T24 (EC50 = 0.45 mg/L) had higher antifungal activity than the commercial fungicide hymexazol (EC50 = 10.49 mg/L) against R. solani, almost similar to bixafen (EC50 = 0.25 mg/L). Additionally, the target compounds exhibited protective effects in vivo against TMV. Thus, this study reveals that pyrazolecarbamide derivatives bearing a sulfonate fragment exhibit potential antifungal and antiviral activities.
Porphyromonas gingivalis Induces Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Femur in Mice
Authors: Wu Shuxuan , Li Feng , Tan Jingjing , Ye Xiaoling , Le Yushi , Liu Nianke , Everts Vincent , Wan Qilong
Published: June 2022

One of the most prominent characteristics of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw(BRONJ) is its site-specificity. Osteonecrosis tends to occur specifically in maxillofacial bones, in spite of a systemic administration of the medicine. Previous studies suggested rich blood supply and fast bone turnover might be reasons for BRONJ. Yet, a sound scientific basis explaining its occurrence is still lacking. The present study aimed to explore the role of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), an important oral pathogen, on the site-specificity of bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis and to elucidate its underlying mechanism. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with zoledronic acid (ZA) or saline for 3 weeks. In the third week, the right mandibular first molars were extracted and circular bone defects with a diameter of 1 mm were created in right femurs. After the operation, drug administration was continued, and P. gingivalis suspension was applied to the oral cavities and femur defects. The mice were killed after four or eight weeks postoperatively. The right mandibles and femurs were harvested for micro-CT and histological analyses. A poor healing of bone defects of both jaws and femurs was noted in mice injected with both ZA and P. gingivalis. Micro-CT analysis showed a decreased bone volume, and histological staining showed an increased number of empty osteocyte lacunae, a decreased collagen regeneration, an increased inflammatory infiltration and a decreased number of osteoclasts. In addition, the left femurs were collected for isolation of osteoclast precursors (OCPs). The osteoclastogenesis potential of OCPs was analyzed in vitro. OCPs extracted from mice of ZA-treated groups were shown to have a lower osteoclast differentiation potential and the expression level of related genes and proteins was declined. In conclusion, we established a mouse model of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of both the jaw and femur. P. gingivalis could inhibit the healing of femur defects under the administration of ZA. These findings suggest that P. gingivalis in the oral cavity might be one of the steering compounds for BRONJ to occur.
Evolutionary Insights Into Microbiota Transplantation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Wang Xiaoli , Zhao Jingwen , Feng Yuanhang , Feng Zelin , Ye Yulin , Liu Limin , Kang Guangbo , Cao Xiaocang
Published: June 2022

The intestinal microbiome plays an essential role in human health and disease status. So far, microbiota transplantation is considered a potential therapeutic approach for treating some chronic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The diversity of gut microbiota is critical for maintaining resilience, and therefore, transplantation with numerous genetically diverse gut microbiota with metabolic flexibility and functional redundancy can effectively improve gut health than a single probiotic strain supplement. Studies have shown that natural fecal microbiota transplantation or washing microbiota transplantation can alleviate colitis and improve intestinal dysbiosis in IBD patients. However, unexpected adverse reactions caused by the complex and unclear composition of the flora limit its wider application. The evolving strain isolation technology and modifiable pre-existing strains are driving the development of microbiota transplantation. This review summarized the updating clinical and preclinical data of IBD treatments from fecal microbiota transplantation to washing microbiota transplantation, and then to artificial consortium transplantation. In addition, the factors considered for strain combination were reviewed. Furthermore, four types of artificial consortium transplant products were collected to analyze their combination and possible compatibility principles. The perspective on individualized microbiota transplantation was also discussed ultimately.
Appropriate Surrogate Endpoint in Drug-Coated Balloon Trials for Coronary Artery Diseases
Authors: Lang Xinyue , Wang Yang , Li Wei , Liu Xiaoyun , Zhao Yanyan , Wang Chuangshi , Li Xiaocong , Zhu Yingxuan , Li Mengya , Song Lei , Xu Bo
Published: June 2022

Background

The appropriateness of using late lumen loss (LLL) as a surrogate endpoint was established in drug-eluting stent (DES) studies, but it was less supportive for drug-coated balloon (DCB) trials.

Methods

Studies published until 23 June 2021 were searched from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov. The correlation between LLL, MLD (minimal lumen diameter), and %DS (percentage diameter stenosis) and clinical endpoints was evaluated by linear regression. Standardized effect size and its 95% CIs were used to illustrate the difference among LLL, MLD, and %DS.

Results

A total of 24 clinical trials were eligible [16 DCB vs. DES, 7 DCB vs. plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA), and 1 DCB vs. DES vs. POBA]. Thirteen (54.2%) trials used LLL as the primary endpoint. LLL, MLD, and %DS all had significant associations with clinical endpoints. For DCB vs. DES trials, the number of studies that reported inconsistent results between LLL and MLD was 12/16 (75.0%) and between LLL and %DS was 10/15 (66.7%), while in MLD and %DS, it was 1/16 (6.3%). The difference of standardized effect size between LLL and MLD was −0.47 (95% CI, −0.69 to −0.25, p < 0.001) and LLL and %DS was−0.31 (95%CI,−0.43 to−0.20, p < 0.001) while in MLD and %DS, there was no difference, 0.1 (95%CI,−0.02 to 0.22, p = 0.084).

Conclusions

For DCB trials, an appropriate surrogate is associated with the control device. The traditional LLL could be used in the DCB vs. POBA trials. However, MLD/%DS should be considered a more suitable surrogate endpoint when comparing DCB with DES.
Significant Subgraph Detection in Multi-omics Networks for Disease Pathway Identification
Authors: Abdel-Hafiz Mohamed , Najafi Mesbah , Helmi Shahab , Pratte Katherine A. , Zhuang Yonghua , Liu Weixuan , Kechris Katerina J. , Bowler Russell P. , Lange Leslie , Banaei-Kashani Farnoush
Published: June 2022

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. COPD represents one of many areas of research where identifying complex pathways and networks of interacting biomarkers is an important avenue toward studying disease progression and potentially discovering cures. Recently, sparse multiple canonical correlation network analysis (SmCCNet) was developed to identify complex relationships between omics associated with a disease phenotype, such as lung function. SmCCNet uses two sets of omics datasets and an associated output phenotypes to generate a multi-omics graph, which can then be used to explore relationships between omics in the context of a disease. Detecting significant subgraphs within this multi-omics network, i.e., subgraphs which exhibit high correlation to a disease phenotype and high inter-connectivity, can help clinicians identify complex biological relationships involved in disease progression. The current approach to identifying significant subgraphs relies on hierarchical clustering, which can be used to inform clinicians about important pathways involved in the disease or phenotype of interest. The reliance on a hierarchical clustering approach can hinder subgraph quality by biasing toward finding more compact subgraphs and removing larger significant subgraphs. This study aims to introduce new significant subgraph detection techniques. In particular, we introduce two subgraph detection methods, dubbed Correlated PageRank and Correlated Louvain, by extending the Personalized PageRank Clustering and Louvain algorithms, as well as a hybrid approach combining the two proposed methods, and compare them to the hierarchical method currently in use. The proposed methods show significant improvement in the quality of the subgraphs produced when compared to the current state of the art.